cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Challenge of Weight Stigma for Women in the Preconception Period: Workshop Recommendations for Action from the 5th European Conference on Preconception Health and Care
Creators: name: Cassinelli, Emma H.
name: Gardiner, Caitlin Victoria
name: Heslehurst, Nicola
name: Verbiest, Sarah
name: Hill, Briony
name: Botting, Kimberley J.
name: Skouteris, Helen
name: Daly, Michael P.
name: Hanley, Stephanie J.
name: Azzari Wynn-Jones, Alexandra
name: Steegers-Theunissen, Regine
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Weight stigma is a well-recognised public health issue affecting many members of society including women during the preconception period. The impacts of preconception weight stigma on women are significant and may result in decreased access to and uptake of healthcare, and mental health concerns. The consequences of this weight stigma may translate to negative maternal outcomes and even intergenerational effects on the child. Eliminating weight stigma is therefore imperative. The aim of this paper is to report recommendations to reduce weight stigma for preconception women produced at a workshop with clinical and academic experts on preconception health and weight stigma at the 5th European Conference on Preconception Health and Care. The recommendations are related to two key areas: general societal recommendations prompting all people to acknowledge and adjust our attitudes towards larger-bodied people; and healthcare-specific recommendations imploring clinicians to upskill themselves to reduce weight stigma in practice. We therefore call for urgent approaches to address societal weight-stigmatising attitudes and norms related to both the general population and preconception women, while providing professional development opportunities for healthcare professionals relating to weight stigma. Eliminating weight stigma for preconception women may have positive impacts on the outcomes for mothers and children during pregnancy and beyond.
A lower fragmentation mass scale in high redshift galaxies and its implications on giant clumps: a systematic numerical study
Creators: name: Tamburello, Valentina
name: Mayer, Lucio
name: Shen, Sijing
name: Wadsley, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of sub-grid physics, galaxy mass, structural parameters and resolution on the fragmentation of gas-rich galaxy discs into massive star forming clumps. The initial conditions are set up with the aid of the ARGO cosmological hydrodynamical simulation. Blast-wave feedback does not suppress fragmentation, but reduces both the number of clumps and the duration of the unstable phase. Once formed, bound clumps cannot be destroyed by our feedback model. Widespread fragmentation is promoted by high gas fractions and low halo concentrations. Yet giant clumps $M > 10^8 M_{\odot}$ lasting several hundred Myr are rare and mainly produced by clump-clump mergers. They occur in massive discs with maximum rotational velocities $V_{max} > 250$ km/s at $z \sim 2$, at the high mass end of the observed galaxy population at those redshifts. The typical gaseous and stellar masses of clumps in all runs are in the range $\sim 10^7-10^8 M_{\odot}$ for galaxies with disc mass in the range $10^{10}-8\times 10^{10} M_{\odot}$. Clumps sizes are usually in the range $100-400$ pc, in agreement with recent clump observations in lensed high-z galaxies. \\ We argue that many of the giant clumps identified in observations are not due to in-situ fragmetation, or are the result of blending of smaller structures owing to insufficient resolution. Using an analytical model describing local collapse inside spiral arms, we can predict the characteristic gaseous masses of clumps at the onset of fragmentation ($\sim 3-5 \times 10^7 M_{\odot}$) quite accurately, while the conventional Toomre mass overestimates them. Due to their moderate masses, clumps which migrate to the centre have marginal effect on bulge growth.
description: 27 pages, 25 figures and two tables. Accepted by MNRAS
การพัฒนาแบบจำลองการตรวจจับพริกชี้ฟ้าสำหรับเครื่องคัดแยก
Creators: name: วัชรพล หาญทองดี
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนา
Year: 2024
Subjects: การเรียนรู้เชิงลึก
YOLOv5
การทำนาย
อุตสาหกรรมการคัดแยก

description: วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยี และนวัตกรรม มหาวิทยาลัยกาฬสินธุ์, 3, 2, 25-39
Additional file 1 of No evidence for sylvatic cycles of chikungunya, dengue and Zika viruses in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) on St. Kitts, West Indies
Creators: name: Valentine, Matthew John
name: Ciraola, Brenda
name: Aliota, Matthew Thomas
name: Vandenplas, Michel
name: Marchi, Silvia
name: Tenebray, Bernard
name: Leparc-Goffart, Isabelle
name: Gallagher, Christa Ann
name: Beierschmitt, Amy
name: Corey, Tatiana
name: Dore, Kerry McAuliffe
name: Lamballerie, Xavier De
name: Chengming Wang
name: Murdock, Courtney Cuin
name: Kelly, Patrick John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Text S1. AGM capture and phlebotomy.
On zero-error communication via quantum channels in the presence of noiseless feedback
Creators: name: Duan, Runyao
name: Severini, Simone
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We initiate the study of zero-error communication via quantum channels when the receiver and sender have at their disposal a noiseless feedback channel of unlimited quantum capacity, generalizing Shannon's zero-error communication theory with instantaneous feedback. We first show that this capacity is a function only of the linear span of Choi-Kraus operators of the channel, which generalizes the bipartite equivocation graph of a classical channel, and which we dub "non-commutative bipartite graph". Then we go on to show that the feedback-assisted capacity is non-zero (with constant activating noiseless communication) if and only if the non-commutative bipartite graph is non-trivial, and give a number of equivalent characterizations. This result involves a far-reaching extension of the "conclusive exclusion" of quantum states [Pusey/Barrett/Rudolph, Nature Phys. 8:475-478]. We then present an upper bound on the feedback-assisted zero-error capacity, motivated by a conjecture originally made by Shannon and proved later by Ahlswede. We demonstrate this bound to have many good properties, including being additive and given by a minimax formula. We also prove that this quantity is the entanglement-assisted capacity against an adversarially chosen channel from the set of all channels with the same Choi-Kraus span, which can also be interpreted as the feedback-assisted unambiguous capacity. The proof relies on a generalization of the "Postselection Lemma" [Christandl/Koenig/Renner, PRL 102:020504] that allows to reflect additional constraints, and which we believe to be of independent interest. We illustrate our ideas with a number of examples, including classical-quantum channels and Weyl diagonal channels, and close with an extensive discussion of open questions.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure; v2 has improved presentation, numerous typos corrected and many more references; v3 equivalent to final, accepted journal version (IEEE Trans Inf Theory)
Quantum shape oscillations in the thermodynamic properties of confined electrons in core-shell nanostructures
Creators: name: Aydin, Alhun
name: Fransson, Jonas
name: Sisman, Altug
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum shape effect appears under the size-invariant shape transformations of strongly confined structures. Such a transformation distinctively influences the thermodynamic properties of confined particles. Due to their characteristic geometry, core-shell nanostructures are good candidates for quantum shape effects to be observed. Here we investigate the thermodynamic properties of non-interacting degenerate electrons confined in core-shell nanowires consisting of an insulating core and a GaAs semiconducting shell. We derive the expressions of shape-dependent thermodynamic quantities and show the existence of a new type of quantum oscillations due to shape dependence, in chemical potential, internal energy, entropy and specific heat of confined electrons. We provide physical understanding of our results by invoking the quantum boundary layer concept and evaluating the distributions of quantized energy levels on Fermi function and in state space. Besides the density, temperature and size, the shape per se also becomes a control parameter on the Fermi energy of confined electrons, which provides a new mechanism for fine tuning the Fermi level and changing the polarity of semiconductors.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2 of No evidence for sylvatic cycles of chikungunya, dengue and Zika viruses in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) on St. Kitts, West Indies
Creators: name: Valentine, Matthew John
name: Ciraola, Brenda
name: Aliota, Matthew Thomas
name: Vandenplas, Michel
name: Marchi, Silvia
name: Tenebray, Bernard
name: Leparc-Goffart, Isabelle
name: Gallagher, Christa Ann
name: Beierschmitt, Amy
name: Corey, Tatiana
name: Dore, Kerry McAuliffe
name: Lamballerie, Xavier De
name: Chengming Wang
name: Murdock, Courtney Cuin
name: Kelly, Patrick John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Text S2. Blood-meal analysis.
Shock-waves and commutation speed of memristors
Creators: name: Tang, Shao
name: Tesler, Federico
name: Marlasca, Fernando Gomez
name: Levy, Pablo
name: Dobrosavljević, V.
name: Rozenberg, Marcelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress of silicon based technology is nearing its physical limit, as minimum feature size of components is reaching a mere 10 nm. The resistive switching behaviour of transition metal oxides and the associated memristor device is emerging as a competitive technology for next generation electronics. Significant progress has already been made in the past decade and devices are beginning to hit the market; however, it has been mainly the result of empirical trial and error. Hence, gaining theoretical insight is of essence. In the present work we report the striking result of a connection between the resistive switching and {\em shock wave} formation, a classic topic of non-linear dynamics. We argue that the profile of oxygen vacancies that migrate during the commutation forms a shock wave that propagates through a highly resistive region of the device. We validate the scenario by means of model simulations and experiments in a manganese-oxide based memristor device. The shock wave scenario brings unprecedented physical insight and enables to rationalize the process of oxygen-vacancy-driven resistive change with direct implications for a key technological aspect -- the commutation speed.
description: Featured in Physics Synopsis: "Waves that Shock Resistance" (Mar. 15, 2016). http://physics.aps.org/synopsis-for/10.1103/PhysRevX.6.011028
Lebertia (Pilolebertia) carmamaya Cook 1967
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Lebertiidae
Lebertia
Lebertia carmamaya

description: Lebertia (Pilolebertia) carmamaya Cook, 1967
Records from the study area: Tamil Nadu—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Mountain stream.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
Testing $ν$MSM with indirect searches
Creators: name: Gorbunov, Dmitry
name: Timiryasov, Inar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider neutrino Minimal extension of the Standard Model ($ν$MSM), which by introducing only three sterile neutrinos in sub electroweak region can explain active neutrino oscillations (via seesaw type I mechanism), baryon asymmetry of the Universe (leptogenesis via oscillations) and dark matter phenomena (with keV-scale sterile neutrino forming dark matter). We estimate sterile neutrino virtual contributions to various lepton flavor and lepton number violating processes. The contributions are too small, giving no chance for indirect searches to compete with direct measurements in exploring $ν$MSM.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; replaced with the journal version
Development and application of embedded discrete fracture model for conventional and unconventional reservoir simulation
Creators: name: Xu, Yifei (Research Engineer)
name: 0000-0001-9575-2675
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2018
Subjects: Embedded Discrete Fracture Model
Naturally fractured reservoir
Unconventional reservoir
Complex fracture geometry
Fracture transient flow
Corner-point grid
Unstructured grid

description: The simulation of fractured reservoirs is a challenging topic in reservoir simulation owing to the complexity of fracture geometry and recovery processes related to fractured reservoirs. Reliable and efficient numerical models are required for the representation of hydraulic and natural fractures in conventional and unconventional reservoirs. The objective of this work is to develop a numerical approach for simulating complex fractures and complex recovery processes in fractured reservoirs using various types of computational grids. This research is an extension of the Embedded Discrete Fracture Model (EDFM). In this work, methodologies were developed to model various types of 2D and 3D complex fracture geometries. The EDFM was also extended to handle several types of computational grids, including corner-point grids, locally-refined grids, and unstructured grids with mixed elements. Geometrical algorithms were developed and implemented in a general-purpose preprocessing code for the calculation of EDFM connection factors in such grids. The use of the EDFM with matrix grids using various numerical approximation schemes, such as finite-volume method and element-based finite-volume method, was also studied. Furthermore, the model was improved regarding modeling fracture transient flow and dynamic fracture behaviors. For the simulation of hydraulically fractured unconventional reservoirs, various important flow mechanisms were implemented in a compositional simulator. The simulator was used to investigate the relative importance of these mechanisms. The developed methodology was applied to a series of synthetic and realistic case studies. The accuracy of the model was confirmed through comparison with other models for simulating various types of fracture geometries in different hydrocarbon recovery processes. A high computational performance was also achieved using the model. Furthermore, based on the results of this research, for long-term production forecasting, the accuracy of the EDFM is not sensitive to the type of grid, the detailed gridding around fractures, or the numerical approximation scheme, if a similar gridblock size is used in the simulations. For the simulation of short-term flow, the combination of the EDFM with nested grid refinement greatly improves the simulation accuracy for various flow regimes. The modeling of dynamic fracture behaviors and unconventional reservoir flow mechanisms demonstrates the flexibility of the proposed approach in incorporating different physics
Using microbiological data to improve the use of antibiotics for respiratory tract infections: A protocol for an individual patient data meta-analysis
Creators: name: Samuel, Kirsty
name: Bruyndonckx, Robin
name: Bostock, Jennifer
name: Shaikh, Nader
name: Gillespie, David
name: Verheij, Theo
name: Francis, Nick
name: Velden, Alike W. van der
name: Hedin, Katarina
name: Hayward, Gail
name: Hay, Alastair D.
name: Mulogo, Edgar
name: Muir, Peter
name: Merenstein, Dan
name: Barrett, Bruce
name: Becque, Taeko
name: Tonner, Sharon
name: Ebell, Mark
name: Coenen, Samuel
name: Wang, Kay
name: Little, Paul
name: Lau, Tin Man Mandy
name: Hood, Kerenza
name: Boateng, Irene
name: Ordóñez-Mena, Jose
name: Stuart, Beth
name: Ciccone, Emily J.
name: Carr-Knox, Lucy
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Background Resistance to antibiotics is rising and threatens future antibiotic effectiveness. ‘Antibiotic targeting’ ensures patients who may benefit from antibiotics receive them, while being safely withheld from those who may not. Point-of-care tests may assist with antibiotic targeting by allowing primary care clinicians to establish if symptomatic patients have a viral, bacterial, combined, or no infection. However, because organisms can be harmlessly carried, it is important to know if the presence of the virus/bacteria is related to the illness for which the patient is being assessed. One way to do this is to look for associations with more severe/prolonged symptoms and test results. Previous research to answer this question for acute respiratory tract infections has given conflicting results with studies has not having enough participants to provide statistical confidence. Aim To undertake a synthesis of IPD from both randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and observational cohort studies of respiratory tract infections (RTI) in order to investigate the prognostic value of microbiological data in addition to, or instead of, clinical symptoms and signs. Methods A systematic search of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Ovid Medline and Ovid Embase will be carried out for studies of acute respiratory infection in primary care settings. The outcomes of interest are duration of disease, severity of disease, repeated consultation with new/worsening illness and complications requiring hospitalisation. Authors of eligible studies will be contacted to provide anonymised individual participant data. The data will be harmonised and aggregated. Multilevel regression analysis will be conducted to determine key outcome measures for different potential pathogens and whether these offer any additional information on prognosis beyond clinical symptoms and signs. Trial registration PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42023376769.
Degenerate Bose gases with uniform loss
Creators: name: Grišins, Pjotrs
name: Rauer, Bernhard
name: Langen, Tim
name: Schmiedmayer, Jörg
name: Mazets, Igor E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate a weakly-interacting degenerate Bose gas coupled to an empty Markovian bath. We show that in the universal phononic limit the system evolves towards an asymptotic state where an emergent temperature is set by the quantum noise of the outcoupling process. For situations typically encountered in experiments, this mechanism leads to significant cooling. Such dissipative cooling supplements conventional evaporative cooling and dominates in settings where thermalization is highly suppressed, such as in a one-dimensional quasicondensate.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, open access publication
We don’t need no education? Education policies of Western European populist radical right parties
Creators: name: Berg, Anne Espeland
name: Jungblut, Jens
name: Jupskås, Anders Ravik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Populist radical right parties (PRRPs) have become more mainstream, increasing their relevance in European politics. While a lot is already known about them, there are still gaps in our knowledge. This article addresses one such gap by studying Western European PRRPs’ positions on education policy. It focuses on the salience of education in election manifestos, substantive positions that parties hold, and in how far these positions reflect their core ideology. Constructing a novel framework based on core ideologies and three dimensions of education policies, including an often-neglected content dimension, the article presents results from a qualitative content analysis of 15 manifestos. The results show that education policy is relevant for PRRPs, albeit to varying degrees, and that their policies are informed by their core ideologies. The findings have important implications for understanding education policy dynamics in liberal democracies as PRRPs fundamentally challenge normative foundations of Western European education systems.
Loyal lists, distinctive districts: how dissent-shirking and leisure-shirking affect mixed-candidate selection
Creators: name: Schmuck, David
name: Hohendorf, Lukas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In parliamentary systems, party leaderships accomplish party unity by promising positive incentives to their members of parliament (MP) and threatening them with negative incentives. Regarding reselection, ‘loyal’ and active MPs should be rewarded with promising list positions, while rebellious and ‘slacking’ MPs should be punished with worse list positions or even denied renomination. Although this assumption is central to explaining party unity induced by party discipline, empirical evidence for this practice has been scarce. The study combines data on roll-call voting, parliamentary speeches and questions in the German Bundestag from 1990 to 2017 with novel data on renominations including renomination failures. Investigating list position changes and renomination failures in the German mixed-member system, the results indicate that selectorates of list candidates punished dissenting voting behaviour, while selectorates of district candidates considered the degree of parliamentary activity. The findings have broader implications for the representatives’ accountability in parliamentary systems.
Electronics and Sensor Subsystem Design for Daedalus 2 on REXUS 29: An Autorotation Probe for Sub-Orbital Re-Entry
Creators: name: Wolf, Jan M.
name: Werner, Lennart
name: Bergmann, Philip
name: Riegler, Clemens
name: Dunschen, Frederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Daedalus 2 mission aboard REXUS 29 is a technology demonstrator for an alternative descent mechanism for very high altitude drops based on auto-rotation. It consists of two probes that are ejected from a sounding rocket at an altitude of about 80 km and decelerate to a soft landing using only a passive rotor with pitch control. This type of autonomous, scientific experiment poses great challenges upon the electronics subsystem, which include mechanical stress, power system reliability, sensor redundancy, subsystem communication, and development procedures. Based on the data gathered in Daedalus 1 multiple new approaches were developed to fulfill these requirements, such as redundant communication links, mechanical decoupling of PCBs and fault-tolerant power source selection.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Utilizing principal component analysis in the identification of clinically relevant changes in patient HLA single antigen bead solid phase testing patterns
Creators: name: Weimer E.T.
name: Cornaby C.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Background HLA antibody testing is essential for successful solid-organ allocation, patient monitoring post-transplant, and risk assessment for both solid-organ and hematopoietic transplant patients. Luminex solid-phase testing is the most common method for identifying HLA antibody specificities, making it one of the most complex immunoassays as each panel contains over 90 specificities for both HLA class I and HLA class II with most of the analysis being performed manually in the vendor-provided software. Principal component analysis (PCA), used in machine learning, is a feature extraction method often utilized to assess data with many variables. Methods & findings In our study, solid organ transplant patients who exhibited HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) were used to characterize the utility of PCA-derived analysis when compared to a control group of post-transplant and pre-transplant patients. ROC analysis was utilized to determine a potential threshold for the PCA-derived analysis that would indicate a significant change in a patient’s single antigen bead pattern. To evaluate if the algorithm could identify differences in patterns on HLA class I and HLA class II single antigen bead results using the optimized threshold, HLA antibody test results were analyzed using PCA-derived analysis and compared to the clinical results for each patient sample. The PCA-derived algorithm had a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI, 73.54%-100%), a specificity of 75% (95% CI, 56.30%-92.54%), with a PPV of 65% (95% CI, 52.50%-83.90%) and an NPV of 100%, in identifying new reactivity that differed from the patients historic HLA antibody pattern. Additionally, PCA-derived analysis was utilized to assess the potential over-reactivity of single antigen beads for both HLA class I and HLA class II antibody panels. This assessment of antibody results identified several beads in both the HLA class I and HLA class II antibody panel which exhibit over reactivity from 2018 to the present time. Conclusions PCA-derived analysis would be ideal to help automatically identify patient samples that have an HLA antibody pattern of reactivity consistent with their history and those which exhibit changes in their antibody patterns which could include donor-specific antibodies, de novo HLA antibodies, and assay interference. A similar method could also be applied to evaluate the over-reactivity of beads in the HLA solid phase assays which would be beneficial for lot comparisons and instructive for transplant centers to better understand which beads are more prone to exhibiting over-reactivity and impact patient care.
Axion dark matter from topological defects
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Saikawa, Ken'ichi
name: Sekiguchi, Toyokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological scenario where the Peccei-Quinn symmetry is broken after inflation is investigated. In this scenario, topological defects such as strings and domain walls produce a large number of axions, which contribute to the cold dark matter of the universe. The previous estimations of the cold dark matter abundance are updated and refined based on the field-theoretic simulations with improved grid sizes. The possible uncertainties originated in the numerical calculations are also discussed. It is found that axions can be responsible for the cold dark matter in the mass range $m_a=(0.8-1.3)\times 10^{-4}\mathrm{eV}$ for the models with the domain wall number $N_{\rm DW}=1$, and $m_a\approx\mathcal{O}(10^{-4}-10^{-2})\mathrm{eV}$ with a mild tuning of parameters for the models with $N_{\rm DW}>1$. Such higher mass ranges can be probed in future experimental studies.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures; v2: Corresponds to version published in PRD; v3: Estimation of the mean energy of radiated axions is corrected, and some results are modified slightly. See footnotes 6 and 10 for details. This version is more updated than published one
A Mechanism for Fair Distribution of Resources without Payments
Creators: name: Christoforou, Evgenia
name: Anta, Antonio Fernández
name: Santos, Agustín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We design a mechanism for Fair and Efficient Distribution of Resources (FEDoR) in the presence of strategic agents. We consider a multiple-instances, Bayesian setting, where in each round the preference of an agent over the set of resources is a private information. We assume that in each of r rounds n agents are competing for k non-identical indivisible goods, (n > k). In each round the strategic agents declare how much they value receiving any of the goods in the specific round. The agent declaring the highest valuation receives the good with the highest value, the agent with the second highest valuation receives the second highest valued good, etc. Hence we assume a decision function that assigns goods to agents based on their valuations. The novelty of the mechanism is that no payment scheme is required to achieve truthfulness in a setting with rational/strategic agents. The FEDoR mechanism takes advantage of the repeated nature of the framework, and through a statistical test is able to punish the misreporting agents and be fair, truthful, and socially efficient. FEDoR is fair in the sense that, in expectation over the course of the rounds, all agents will receive the same good the same amount of times. FEDoR is an eligible candidate for applications that require fair distribution of resources over time. For example, equal share of bandwidth for nodes through the same point of access. But further on, FEDoR can be applied in less trivial settings like sponsored search, where payment is necessary and can be given in the form of a flat participation fee. To this extent we perform a comparison with traditional mechanisms applied to sponsored search, presenting the advantage of FEDoR.
title: Programm und Einladung
Creators: name: Aehnlich, Barbara
Publisher: name: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 430
subject: 943

description: Thüringer Flurnamenportal: Flurnamen als Brücke zwischen Gesellschaft und Wissenschaft ; Online-Tagung
title: Flurnamensprechstunde
Creators: name: Aehnlich, Barbara
Publisher: name: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 430
subject: 943

description: Thüringer Flurnamenportal: Flurnamen als Brücke zwischen Gesellschaft und Wissenschaft ; Online-Tagung
New methods to constrain the radio transient rate: results from a survey of four fields with LOFAR
Creators: name: Carbone, D.
name: van der Horst, A. J.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
name: Swinbank, J. D.
name: Rowlinson, A.
name: Broderick, J. W.
name: Cendes, Y. N.
name: Stewart, A. J.
name: Bell, M. E.
name: Breton, R. P.
name: Corbel, S.
name: Eislöffel, J.
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Grießmeier, J. M.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Jonker, P. G.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Law, C. J.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Pietka, M.
name: Scheers, L. H. A.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: van Leeuwen, J.
name: Wijnands, R.
name: Wise, M.
name: Zarka, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of a search for radio transients between 115 and 190\,MHz with the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR). Four fields have been monitored with cadences between 15 minutes and several months. A total of 151 images were obtained, giving a total survey area of 2275 deg$^2$. We analysed our data using standard LOFAR tools and searched for radio transients using the LOFAR Transients Pipeline (TraP). No credible radio transient candidate has been detected; however, we are able to set upper limits on the surface density of radio transient sources at low radio frequencies. We also show that low-frequency radio surveys are more sensitive to steep-spectrum coherent transient sources than GHz radio surveys. We used two new statistical methods to determine the upper limits on the transient surface density. One is free of assumptions on the flux distribution of the sources, while the other assumes a power-law distribution in flux and sets more stringent constraints on the transient surface density. Both of these methods provide better constraints than the approach used in previous works. The best value for the upper limit we can set for the transient surface density, using the method assuming a power-law flux distribution, is 1.3$\cdot$10$^{-3}$ deg$^{-2}$ for transients brighter than 0.3 Jy with a time-scale of 15 min, at a frequency of 150 MHz. We also calculated for the first time upper limits for the transient surface density for transients of different time-scales. We find that the results can differ by orders of magnitude from previously reported, simplified estimates.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Reentrant behavior of the breathing-mode-oscillation frequency in a one-dimensional Bose gas
Creators: name: Gudyma, A. Iu.
name: Astrakharchik, G. E.
name: Zvonarev, Mikhail B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the breathing mode frequency $ω$ in a one-dimensional Bose gas confined to a harmonic trap of frequency $ω_z$. We predict Exciting temporal oscillations of the density distribution is a high-precision method for probing ultracold trapped atomic gases. Interaction effects in their many-body dynamics are particularly puzzling and counter-intuitive in one spatial dimension (1D) due to enhanced quantum correlations. We consider 1D quantum Bose gas in a parabolic trap at zero temperature and explain, analytically and numerically, how oscillation frequency depends on the number of particles, their repulsion and the trap strength. We identify the frequency with the energy difference between the ground state and a particular excited state. This way we avoided resolving the dynamical evolution of the system, simplifying the problem immensely. We find an excellent quantitative agreement of our results with the data from the Innsbruck experiment [Science 325, 1224 (2009)].
description: discussion of the experiments significantly extended, references added, Fig. 2 corrected
Independence Tuples and Deninger's Problem
Creators: name: Hayes, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by our results in "Polish Models and Sofic Entropy," we define modified version of the independence tuples for sofic entropy developed by Kerr and Li. These modified version essentially require that the independence sequences give rise to representations weakly contained in the left regular when projected onto the Koopman representation. Using this, we can generalize our previous results for Deninger's Problem. Namely, we can show that if G is a sofic group, and if f is in M_{n}(Z(G)) and is invertible as an operator on l^{2}(G)^{n}, then the Fuglede-Kadison determinant of f is 1 if and only if f is invertible in M_{n}(Z(G)).
description: 30 pages. This is the final version, to appear in Groups, Geometry and Dynamics
World Health Organization Danger Signs to predict bacterial sepsis in young infants: A pragmatic cohort study
Creators: name: Chiume-Kayuni, Msandeni
name: Lufesi, Norman
name: Kissoon, Niranjan
name: Lavoie, Pascal M.
name: Irvine, Michael A.
name: Akinseye, Omolabake
name: Popescu, Constantin R.
name: Mvalo, Tisungane
name: Wiens, Matthew O.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Bacterial sepsis is generally a major concern in ill infants. To help triaging decisions by front-line health workers in these situations, the World Health Organization (WHO) has developed danger signs (DS). The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent to which nine DS predict bacterial sepsis in young infants presenting with suspected sepsis in a low-income country setting. The study pragmatically evaluated nine DS in infants younger than 3 months with suspected sepsis in a regional hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi, between June 2018 and April 2020. Main outcomes were positive blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures for neonatal pathogens, and mortality. Among 401 infants (gestational age [mean ± SD]: 37.1±3.3 weeks, birth weight 2865±785 grams), 41 had positive blood or CSF cultures for a neonatal pathogen. In-hospital mortality occurred in 9.7% of infants overall (N = 39/401), of which 61.5% (24/39) occurred within 48 hours of admission. Mortality was higher in infants with bacterial sepsis compared to other infants (22.0% [9/41] versus 8.3% [30/360]; p = 0.005). All DS were associated with mortality except for temperature instability and tachypnea, whereas none of the DS were significantly associated with bacterial sepsis, except for “unable to feed” (OR 2.25; 95%CI: 1.17–4.44; p = 0.017). The number of DS predicted mortality (OR: 1.75; 95%CI: 1.43–2.17; p<0.001; AUC: 0.756), but was marginally associated with positive cultures with a neonatal pathogen (OR 1.22; 95%CI: 1.00–1.49; p = 0.046; AUC: 0.743). The association between number of DS and mortality remained significant after adjusting for admission weight, the only statistically significant co-variable (OR 1.75 [95% CI: 1.39–2.23]; p<0.001). Considering all positive cultures including potential bacterial contaminants resulted a non-significant association between number of DS and sepsis (OR 1.09 [95% CI: 0.93–1.28]; p = 0.273). In conclusion, this study shows that DS were strongly associated with death, but were marginally associated with culture-positive pathogen sepsis in a regional hospital setting. These data imply that the incidence of bacterial sepsis and attributable mortality in infants in LMIC settings may be inaccurately estimated based on clinical signs alone.
Some Classical Models of Particles and Quantum Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Akhmeteli, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article contains a review and new results of some mathematical models relevant to the interpretation of quantum mechanics and emulating well-known quantum gauge theories, such as scalar electrodynamics (Klein-Gordon-Maxwell electrodynamics), spinor electrodynamics (Dirac-Maxwell electrodynamics), etc. In these models, evolution is typically described by modified Maxwell equations. In the case of scalar electrodynamics, the scalar complex wave function can be made real by a gauge transformation, the wave function can be algebraically eliminated from the equations of scalar electrodynamics, and the resulting modified Maxwell equations describe the independent evolution of the electromagnetic field. Similar results were obtained for spinor electrodynamics. Three out of four components of the Dirac spinor can be algebraically eliminated from the Dirac equation, and the remaining component can be made real by a gauge transformation. A similar result was obtained for the Dirac equation in the Yang-Mills field. As quantum gauge theories play a central role in modern physics, the approach of this article may be sufficiently general. One-particle wave functions can be modeled as plasma-like collections of a large number of particles and antiparticles. This seems to enable the simulation of quantum phase-space distribution functions, such as the Wigner distribution function, which are not necessarily non-negative.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure (the number of pages differs from that of the journal version due to different formatting). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2204.10294
Additional file 4 of No evidence for sylvatic cycles of chikungunya, dengue and Zika viruses in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) on St. Kitts, West Indies
Creators: name: Valentine, Matthew John
name: Ciraola, Brenda
name: Aliota, Matthew Thomas
name: Vandenplas, Michel
name: Marchi, Silvia
name: Tenebray, Bernard
name: Leparc-Goffart, Isabelle
name: Gallagher, Christa Ann
name: Beierschmitt, Amy
name: Corey, Tatiana
name: Dore, Kerry McAuliffe
name: Lamballerie, Xavier De
name: Chengming Wang
name: Murdock, Courtney Cuin
name: Kelly, Patrick John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Counts of mosquito species caught across the five different land covers from November 2017 to March 2019 on St Kitts.
Additional file 2: of Interventions to promote patients and familiesâ involvement in adult intensive care settings: a protocol for a mixed-method systematic review
Creators: name: Xyrichis, Andreas
name: Fletcher, Simon
name: Brearley, Sally
name: Philippou, Julia
name: Purssell, Ed
name: Terblanche, Marius
name: Rafferty, Anne
name: Reeves, Scott
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Draftâ database search strategy. (DOCX 13 kb)
title: Rückblick auf die Tagung
Creators: name: Aehnlich, Barbara
Publisher: name: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Jena
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 430
subject: 943

description: Thüringer Flurnamenportal: Flurnamen als Brücke zwischen Gesellschaft und Wissenschaft ; Online-Tagung
title: Terminal Maintenance (NWP-2004-369-15 Port of Astoria)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Port of Astoria Marine Terminal Maintenance, Astoria, Oregon (HUC 170800060500) (NWP-2004-369-15)
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2022

description: WCRO-2022-01021
Do quantum strategies always win?
Creators: name: Anand, Namit
name: Benjamin, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a seminal paper, Meyer [David Meyer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 1052 (1999)] described the advantages of quantum game theory by looking at the classical penny flip game. A player using a quantum strategy can win against a classical player almost 100\% of the time. Here we make a slight modification to the quantum game, with the two players sharing an entangled state to begin with. We then analyze two different scenarios, first in which quantum player makes unitary transformations to his qubit while the classical player uses a pure strategy of either flipping or not flipping the state of his qubit. In this case the quantum player always wins against the classical player. In the second scenario we have the quantum player making similar unitary transformations while the classical player makes use of a mixed strategy wherein he either flips or not with some probability "p". We show that in the second scenario, 100\% win record of a quantum player is drastically reduced and for a particular probability "p" the classical player can even win against the quantum player. This is of possible relevance to the field of quantum computation as we show that in this quantum game of preserving versus destroying entanglement a particular classical algorithm can beat the quantum algorithm.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, expanded with material on general quantum unitaries and discussion on gaming the quantum
Constraint on dark matter central density in the Eddington inspired Born-Infeld (EiBI) gravity with input from Weyl gravity
Creators: name: Potapov, Alexander A.
name: Izmailov, Ramil
name: Mikolaychuk, Olga
name: Mikolaychuk, Nikolay
name: Ghosh, Mithun
name: Nandi, Kamal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Harko et al. (2014) derived an approximate metric of the galactic halo in the Eddington inspired Born-Infeld (EiBI) gravity. In this metric, we show that there is an upper limit $ρ_{0}^{\text{upper}}$ on the central density $ρ_{0}$ of dark matter such that stable circular orbits are possible only when the constraint $ρ_{0}\leq ρ_{0}^{\text{upper}}$ is satisfied in each galactic sample. To quantify different $ρ_{0}^{\text{upper}}$ for different samples, we follow the novel approach of Edery & Paranjape (1998), where we use as input the geometric halo radius $R_{\text{WR}}$ from Weyl gravity and equate it with the dark matter radius $R_{\text{DM}}$ from EiBI gravity for the same halo boundary. This input then shows that the known fitted values of $ρ_{0}$ obey the constraint $ρ_{0}\leqρ_{0}^{\text{upper}}\propto $ ($R_{\text{WR}}$)$^{-2}$. Using the mass-to-light ratios giving $α$, we shall also evaluate $ρ_{0}^{\text{lower}}$ $\propto $ $(α-1)M_{\text{lum}}R_{\text{WR}}^{-3}$ and the average dark matter density $\left\langle ρ\right\rangle ^{\text{lower}}$. Quantitatively, it turns out that the interval $ρ_{0}^{\text{lower}}$ $\leq ρ_{0}\leq $ $ρ_{0}^{\text{upper}}$ verifies reasonably well against many dark matter dominated low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies for which values of $ρ_{0}$ are independently known. The interval holds also in the case of Milky Way galaxy. Qualitatively, the existence of a stability induced upper limit $ρ_{0}^{\text{upper}}$ is a remarkable prediction of the EiBI theory.
description: 37 pages, 6 figures