The Analytical Method algorithm for trigger primitives generation at the LHC Drift Tubes detector
Creators: name: Abbiendi, G.
name: Maestre, J. Alcaraz
name: Fernández, A. Álvarez
name: González, B. Álvarez
name: Amapane, N.
name: Bachiller, I.
name: Barcellan, L.
name: Baldanza, C.
name: Battilana, C.
name: Bellato, M.
name: Bencze, G.
name: Benettoni, M.
name: Beni, N.
name: Benvenuti, A.
name: Bergnoli, A.
name: Ramos, L. C. Blanco
name: Borgonovi, L.
name: Bragagnolo, A.
name: Cafaro, V.
name: Calderon, A.
name: Calvo, E.
name: Carlin, R.
name: Montoya, C. A. Carrillo
name: Cavallo, F. R.
name: Ruiz, J. M. Cela
name: Cepeda, M.
name: Cerrada, M.
name: Checchia, P.
name: Ciano, L.
name: Colino, N.
name: Corti, D.
name: Cotto, G.
name: Crupano, A.
name: Calzada, S. Cuadrado
name: Cuevas, J.
name: Cuffiani, M.
name: Dallavalle, G. M.
name: Dattola, D.
name: De La Cruz, B.
name: Rodríguez, C. I. de Lara
name: De Remigis, P.
name: Cid, C. Erice
name: Eliseev, D.
name: Fabbri, F.
name: Fanfani, A.
name: Fasanella, D.
name: Bedoya, C. F.
name: de Trocóniz, J. F.
name: del Val, D. Fernández
name: Menéndez, J. Fernández
name: Ramos, J. P. Fernández
name: Folgueras, S.
name: Fouz, M. C.
name: Ferrero, D. Francia
name: Romero, J. García
name: Gasparini, F.
name: Gasparini, U.
name: Giordano, V.
name: Gonella, F.
name: Caballero, I. González
name: Fernández, J. R. González
name: López, O. González
name: López, S. Goy
name: Gozzelino, A.
name: Griggio, A.
name: Grosso, G.
name: Guandalini, C.
name: Guiducci, L.
name: Gulmini, M.
name: Hebbeker, T.
name: Hoepfner, K.
name: Isocrate, R.
name: Josa, M. I.
name: Kiani, B.
name: Holgado, J. León
name: Meo, S. Lo
name: Lusiani, E.
name: Lunerti, L.
name: Marcellini, S.
name: Margoni, M.
name: Mariotti, C.
name: Martín, I. Martín
name: Morales, J. J. Martínez
name: Maselli, S.
name: Masetti, G.
name: Meneguzzo, A. T.
name: Merschmeyer, M.
name: Migliorini, M.
name: Modenese, L.
name: Molnar, J.
name: Montecassiano, F.
name: Martínez, J. Mora
name: Moran, D.
name: Mukherjee, S.
name: Navarrete, J. J.
name: Navarria, F.
name: Tobar, A. Navarro
name: Nowotny, F.
name: Cortezón, E. Palencia
name: Passaseo, M.
name: Pazzini, J.
name: Pelliccioni, M.
name: Perrotta, A.
name: Philipps, B.
name: Gomez, J. Piedra
name: Primavera, F.
name: Pelayo, J. Puerta
name: Sánchez, J. C. Puras
name: Álvarez, C. Ramón
name: Redondo, I.
name: Ferrero, D. D. Redondo
name: Reithler, H.
name: Reyes-Almanza, R.
name: Bouza, V. Rodríguez
name: Ronchese, P.
name: Rossi, A. M.
name: Rossin, R.
name: Rotondo, F.
name: Rovelli, T.
name: Cruz, S. Sánchez
name: Navas, S. Sánchez
name: Sastre, J.
name: Sharma, A.
name: Simonetto, F.
name: Rodríguez, A. Soto
name: Staiano, A.
name: Szillasi, Z.
name: Teyssier, D. F.
name: Toniolo, N.
name: Torromeo, G.
name: Trapote, A.
name: Trevisani, N.
name: Triossi, A.
name: Trocino, D.
name: Ujvari, B.
name: Umoret, G.
name: Gómez, L. Urda
name: Uwe, B.
name: Ventura, S.
name: Villalba, C. Vico
name: Wiedenbeck, S.
name: Zanetti, M.
name: Zantis, F. P.
name: Zilizi, G.
name: Zotto, P.
name: Zucchetta, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment prepares its Phase-2 upgrade for the high-luminosity era of the LHC operation (HL-LHC). Due to the increase of occupancy, trigger latency and rates, the full electronics of the CMS Drift Tube (DT) chambers will need to be replaced. In the new design, the time bin for the digitisation of the chamber signals will be of around 1~ns, and the totality of the signals will be forwarded asynchronously to the service cavern at full resolution. The new backend system will be in charge of building the trigger primitives of each chamber. These trigger primitives contain the information at chamber level about the muon candidates position, direction, and collision time, and are used as input in the L1 CMS trigger. The added functionalities will improve the robustness of the system against ageing. An algorithm based on analytical solutions for reconstructing the DT trigger primitives, called Analytical Method, has been implemented both as a software C++ emulator and in firmware. Its performance has been estimated using the software emulator with simulated and real data samples, and through hardware implementation tests. Measured efficiencies are 96 to 98\% for all qualities and time and spatial resolutions are close to the ultimate performance of the DT chambers. A prototype chain of the HL-LHC electronics using the Analytical Method for trigger primitive generation has been installed during Long Shutdown 2 of the LHC and operated in CMS cosmic data taking campaigns in 2020 and 2021. Results from this validation step, the so-called Slice Test, are presented.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures