cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rotating Micro-Spheres for Adsorption Monitoring at a Fluid Interface
Creators: name: Martín-Roca, J.
name: Jiménez, M.
name: Ortega, F.
name: Calero, C.
name: Valeriani, Ch.
name: Rubio, R. G.
name: Martínez-Pedrero, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypothesis: A broad range of phenomena, such as emulsification and emulsion stability, foam formation or liquid evaporation, are closely related to the dynamics of adsorbing colloidal particles. Elucidation of the mechanisms implied is key to a correct design of many different types of materials. Experiments: Microspheres forced to rotate near a fluid interface exhibit a roto-translational hydrodynamic mechanism that is hindered by capillary torques as soon as the particles protrude the interface. Under these conditions, the time evolution in the ratio of moving spheres provides a direct description of the adsorption kinetics, while microscopy monitoring of particle acceleration\deceleration informs about the adsorption\desorption dynamics. In this work, the proposed strategy is applied at an air/water interface loaded with spherical magnetic particles negatively charged, forced to rotate by the action of a rotating magnetic field. Findings: The proposed method enables the adsorption/desorption dynamics to be followed during the earliest phase of the process, when desorption of a small fraction of particles is detected, as well as to estimate approximated values of the adsorption/desorption constants. The results obtained show that the addition of a monovalent salt or a cationic (anionic) surfactant promotes (inhibits) both adsorption and formation of permanent bonds between particles.
title: On Notions of (In)Visibility and Diaspora Space:
title: The Case of Batuku as a Popular Cultural Practice in Lisbon
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Stepanik, Hanna
Publisher: name: Stichproben. Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2019

description: In social sciences, new patterns of migration and the related living realities have mostly been looked at from the perspective of ‘integration’ and, more recently, ‘development’. Less attention has been paid to popular cultural practices, which this article considers to be crucial in the constitution of so-called ‘diasporic spaces’. By exploring the practice of Batuku – presumably the oldest musical style on the Cape Verde islands – in the postcolonial setting of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (AML), I want to open up debates regarding assumed dichotomies such as ‘visible’ and ‘invisible’. Batuku can be considered a ‘community- related’ practice and is generally practiced by (working class) women (the Batukaderas) at what is generally referred to as the ‘periphery’ of Lisbon; rendering it ‘invisible’ to many discussions of ‘popular culture’. In this article, I will stress the need to apply an intersectional approach when analysing notions of (in)visibility and argue that Batukaderas experience a threefold exclusion or ‘invisibility’ (based on classed, racialised and gendered experiences). Moreover, this article aims at arguing that what is deemed ‘invisible’ is often either romanticised and/or silenced as an ‘Other’, and that Batukaderas challenge these romanticisations and silences through their practice.
Extragalactic jets on subpc and large scales
Creators: name: Tavecchio, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jets can be probed in their innermost regions (d~0.1 pc) through the study of the relativistically-boosted emission of blazars. On the other extreme of spatial scales, the study of structure and dynamics of extragalactic relativistic jets received renewed impulse after the discovery, made by Chandra, of bright X-ray emission from regions at distances larger than hundreds of kpc from the central engine. At both scales it is thus possible to infer some of the basic parameters of the flow (speed, density, magnetic field intensity, power). After a brief review of the available observational evidence, I discuss how the comparison between the physical quantities independently derived at the two scales can be used to shed light on the global dynamics of the jet, from the innermost regions to the hundreds of kpc scale.
description: Proceedings of the 5th Stromlo Symposium: Disks, Winds, and Jets - from Planets to Quasars. Accepted, to be published in Astrophysics & Space Science
Dynamic critical behavior of the Chayes-Machta-Swendsen-Wang algorithm
Creators: name: Deng, Youjin
name: Garoni, Timothy M.
name: Machta, Jonathan
name: Ossola, Giovanni
name: Polin, Marco
name: Sokal, Alan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamic critical behavior of the Chayes-Machta dynamics for the Fortuin-Kasteleyn random-cluster model, which generalizes the Swendsen-Wang dynamics for the q-state Potts model to noninteger q, in two and three spatial dimensions, by Monte Carlo simulation. We show that the Li-Sokal bound z \ge α/νis close to but probably not sharp in d=2, and is far from sharp in d=3, for all q. The conjecture z \ge β/νis false (for some values of q) in both d=2 and d=3.
description: Revtex4, 4 pages including 4 figures
Studies on the metabolism of tocainide in humans
Creators: name: Kwok, David W. K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Tocainide carbamoyl ester glucuronlde (TOCG) (R-NHCO.O-GA) is a major metabolite of tocainide (TonocardR). The structure of TOCG was first proposed by Elvin (35) based on the structure of 3-(2,6-xylyl)-5-methylhydantoln, a base hydrolyzed product of TOCG in urine. Due to the presence of two carbonyl groups on the hydantoin ring, TOCG was proposed to arrive from a novel metabolic pathway involving the addition of carbon dioxide to the terminal nitrogen of tocainlde followed by glucuronic acid conjugation. With the initial intention of carrying out a bioavailability study of tocainide using a deuterated pseudoracemic sample, the stereospecific synthesis of R(-)- and S(+)-trideuterated tocainide was attempted through two synthetic approaches. This thesis describes a chemical reaction between tocainide and urea, a second pathway which leads to the formation of 3-(2,6-xylyl)-5-methylhydantoin through a tocainide ureide intermediate. With this observation, a tocainide N-ureide glucuronide structure (R-NHCO.NH-GA) was proposed for TOCG in support of the theory that an in vivo reaction between tocainide and urea may have resulted a tocainide N-ureide which can be further conjugated with glucuronic acid. Attempts were made to assign the correct structure of TOCG by identification of the theoretical tocainide carbamic acid (based on Elvln's proposed structure) or the tocainide N-ureide intermediate in urine. This thesis also describes the preparative HPLC isolation and the structural characterization of this novel glucuronic acid conjugate. Evidence obtained as proof for the identity of TOCG as a conjugate was obtained from acid hydrolysis, basic hydrolysis, beta-glucuronidase hydrolysis, with or without the presence of sacchro-1,4-lactone, and a naphthoresorcinol color test. Structural evidence for the carbamoyl ester linkage of TOCG was obtained from proton-NMR and FAB analysis. The 400-MHz proton NMR data of the isolated glucuronide provided partial evidence for the intact structure of TOCG. In FAB analysis, the [M+1] ion adduct at m/z 413, [M+Na] at m/z 435, and [M-H+2Na] at m/z 457 have provided positive evidence for the molecular ion of TOCG at m/z 412 in favor of the carbamoyl ester structure. In addition to the hydrolysis of TOCG at pH > 12 to the hydantoin, this hydantoin was found to also undergo spontaneous first-order hydrolysis at pH > 12. To assay the levels of TOCG in urine as the hydantoin, a set of accurately timed calibration samples were employed in an assay protocol to take Into account the spontaneous hydrolysis of the hydantoin. Based on this analytical approach, the levels of TOCG were determined in three subjects both after an IV and oral dose of 200 mg tocainide HC1. The urinary excretion half-lives of TOCG of 13.86 hours and 13.33 hours, after an IV and oral dose respectively, were found to agree with literature values.
First Detection of Hydroxyl Radical Emission from an Exoplanet Atmosphere: High-dispersion Characterization of WASP-33b using Subaru/IRD
Creators: name: Nugroho, Stevanus K.
name: Kawahara, Hajime
name: Gibson, Neale P.
name: de Mooij, Ernst J. W.
name: Hirano, Teruyuki
name: Kotani, Takayuki
name: Kawashima, Yui
name: Masuda, Kento
name: Brogi, Matteo
name: Birkby, Jayne L.
name: Watson, Chris A.
name: Tamura, Motohide
name: Zwintz, Konstanze
name: Harakawa, Hiroki
name: Kudo, Tomoyuki
name: Kuzuhara, Masayuki
name: Hodapp, Klaus
name: Ishizuka, Masato
name: Jacobson, Shane
name: Konishi, Mihoko
name: Kurokawa, Takashi
name: Nishikawa, Jun
name: Omiya, Masashi
name: Serizawa, Takuma
name: Ueda, Akitoshi
name: Vievard, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first detection of a hydroxyl radical (OH) emission signature in the planetary atmosphere outside the solar system, in this case, in the day-side of WASP-33b. We analyze high-resolution near-infrared emission spectra of WASP-33b taken using the InfraRed Doppler spectrograph on the 8.2-m Subaru telescope. The telluric and stellar lines are removed using a de-trending algorithm, SysRem. The residuals are then cross-correlated with OH and H$_{2}$O planetary spectrum templates produced using several different line-lists. We check and confirm the accuracy of OH line-lists by cross-correlating with the spectrum of GJ 436. As a result, we detect the emission signature of OH at $K_\mathrm{p}$ of 230.9$^{+6.9}_{-7.4}$ km s$^{-1}$ and $v_{\mathrm{sys}}$ of $-$0.3$^{+5.3}_{-5.6}$ km s$^{-1}$ with S/N of 5.4 and significance of 5.5$σ$. Additionally, we marginally detect H$_{2}$O emission in the H-band with S/N of 4.0 and significance of 5.2$σ$ using the POKAZATEL line-list. However, no significant signal is detected using the HITEMP 2010, which might be due to differences in line positions and strengths, as well as the incompleteness of the line-lists. Nonetheless, this marginal detection is consistent with the prediction that H$_{2}$O is mostly thermally dissociated in the upper atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiters. Therefore, along with CO, OH is expected to be one of the most abundant O-bearing molecules in the day-side atmosphere of ultra-hot Jupiters and should be considered when studying their atmosphere.
description: Accepted for publication on ApJL; 12 pages, 6 figures
title: Kulturelle Mobilisierungen 'franko-komorischer Diaspora' in Marseille -
title: Intersektionelle Verhandlungen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fritsch, Katharina
Publisher: name: Stichproben. Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2019

description: In diesem Beitrag analysiere ich intersektionelle Verhandlungen ‚franko-komorischer Diaspora’ in kulturellen Praktiken in Marseille. Der Fokus liegt auf Twarab als zentraler Community- bezogener Praktik sowie der einmaligen Talentshow Etoiles Rasmi (2013). Auf der Basis einer ethnographischen Forschung analysiere ich Mobilisierungen und Performances ethnisierter ‚Community’ bei kulturellen Veranstaltungen, bei denen die eigene Positionierung als weiße Forscherin ein integraler Bestandteil ist. Dabei zeige ich generationelle Unterschiede, indem Twarab als Praktik kollektiven Spendensammelns entlang der Kategorie Lokalität und Etoiles Rasmi als Teil von Diskursen von métissage diskutiert wird. In Bezug auf beide Praktiken konstatiere ich das Verhältnis von kulturellen und ökonomischen Praktiken sowie (Re-)Traditionalisierungsprozesse von ‚Kultur’ und ‚Community’. Diskurse und Praktiken ‚franko-komorischer Diaspora’ werden als Teil eines Dispositivs der Kommunitarisierung analysiert, eingebettet in einen breiteren Kontext des postkolonialen Frankreich, in welchem ethnisierte Communities als die ‚Anderen’ einer ‚nationalen Community’ markiert sind.
Perturbations of Matter Fields in the Second-order Gauge-invariant Cosmological Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Nakamura, Kouji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some formulae for the perturbations of the matter fields are summarized within the framework of the second-order gauge-invariant cosmological perturbation theory in a four dimensional homogeneous isotropic universe, which is developed in the papers [K.Nakamura, Prog.Theor.Phys., 117 (2007), 17.]. We derive the formulae for the perturbations of the energy momentum tensors and equations of motion for a perfect fluid, an imperfect fluid, and a signle scalar field, and show that all equations are derived in terms of gauge-invariant variables without any gauge fixing.
description: (v1) 76 pages, no figure; (v2) minor revision, typos are corrected, references are added; (v3) Title is changed, Compactified into 55 pages, Comment on the comparison with the other work is added; (v4)typos are corrected
Machine learning aided materials design platform for predicting the mechanical properties of Na-ion solid-state electrolytes
Creators: name: Jo, Junho
name: Choi, Eunseong
name: Kim, Minseon
name: Min, Kyoungmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Na-ion solid-state electrolytes (Na-SSE) exhibit high potential for electrical energy storage owing to their high energy densities and low manufacturing cost. However, their mechanical properties critical to maintain structural stability at the interface are still insufficiently understood. In this study, a machine learning based regression model was developed for predicting the mechanical properties of Na-SSEs. As a training set, 12,361 materials were obtained from a well-known materials database (Materials Project) and were represented with their respective chemical and structural descriptors. The developed surrogate model exhibited a remarkable accuracy (R2 score) of 0.72 and 0.87, with a mean absolute error of 11.8 GPa and 15.3 GPa for the shear and bulk modulus, respectively. This model was then applied to predict the mechanical properties of 2,432 Na-SSEs, the properties of which have been validated with first principles calculations. Finally, the optimization process was performed to develop an ideal materials screening platform by adding the new minimized dataset, wherein the prediction uncertainty is reduced. We believe that the platform proposed in this study can accelerate the search for Na-SSEs with ideal mechanical properties at minimum cost.
description: Submitted and Under Review
Unsteady MHD Pulsatile Blood Flow through Porous Medium in Stenotic Channel with Slip at Permeable Walls Subjected to Time Dependent Velocity (Injection/Suction)
Creators: name: ELDESOKY, Islam Mohammad Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Pulsatile blood flow, time dependent stenosis, porous channel, slip velocity, suction/injection, MHD, porous media

description: 11, 11, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Extraction of data on Entrepreneurs from the 1871 Census to supplement I-CeM
Creators: name: Van Lieshout, Carry
name: Day, Joe
name: Bennett, Robert
name: Montebruno, Piero
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Entrepreneurship
Employers
Self-employment
Small businesses
Census

description: This paper describes how the database for entrepreneurs in the 1871 census was created and deposited for ESRC project ES/M010953. This project uses I-CeM as its main source. However, I-CeM does not cover England and Wales in 1871. This paper describes how data from an alternative supplier, S&N [theGenealogist.co.uk] was extracted and aligned with I-CeM to provide a full database for 1871.
Weak-field regime of the generalized hybrid metric-Palatini gravity
Creators: name: Rosa, João Luís
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
name: Olmo, Gonzalo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we explore the dynamics of the generalized hybrid metric-Palatini theory of gravity in the weak-field, slow-motion regime. We start by introducing the equivalent scalar-tensor representation of the theory, which contains two scalar degrees of freedom, and perform a conformal transformation to the Einstein frame. Linear perturbations of the metric in a Minkowskian background are then studied for the metric and both scalar fields. The effective Newton constant and the PPN parameter $γ$ of the theory are extracted after transforming back to the (original) Jordan frame. Two particular cases where the general method ceases to be applicable are approached separately. A comparison of these results with observational constraints is then used to impose bounds on the masses and coupling constants of the scalar fields.
Growing small-world networks based on a modified BA model
Creators: name: Xu, Xinping
name: Liu, Feng
name: Li, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple growing model for the evolution of small-world networks. It is introduced as a modified BA model in which all the edges connected to the new nodes are made locally to the creator and its nearest neighbors. It is found that this model can produce small-world networks with power-law degree distributions. Properties of our model, including the degree distribution, clustering, and the average path length are compared with that of the BA model. Since most real networks are both scale-free and small-world networks, our model may provide a satisfactory description for empirical characteristics of real networks.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Study of interacting electrons in graphene under the renormalized-ring-diagram approximation
Creators: name: Yan, Xin-Zhong
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the tight-binding model with long-range Coulomb interactions between electrons, we study some of the electronic properties of graphene. The Coulomb interactions are treated with the renormalized-ring-diagram approximation. By self-consistently solving the integral equations for the Green function, we calculate the spectral density. The obtained result is in agreement with experimental observation. In addition, we also compute the density of states, the distribution functions, and the ground-state energy. Within the present approximation, we find that the imaginary part of the self-energy fixed at the Fermi momentum varies as quadratic in energy close to the chemical potential, regardless the system is doped or not. This result appears to indicate that the electrons in graphene always behave like a moderately correlated Fermi liquid.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Rastafari Repatriation to Ethiopia and the All-Africa Rastafari Gathering (AARG)
Creators: name: Frühwirth, Dominik
Publisher: name: Stichproben. Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2019

description: Repatriation, the return of descendants of enslaved Africans back to Africa,1 is at the heart of the Rastafari movement. Triggered by the coronation of Ras Tafari as Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia in 1930, the Rastafari movement emerged in Jamaica in response to a long tradition of an Ethiopia-centered reading of the Bible among enslaved Africans and their descendants and the eschatological expectations this had widely caused. After Haile Selassie had indeed granted “the Black Peoples of the World” land to return to near Shashemene in southern Ethiopia in the 1950s, Rastafarians have repatriated there ever since and recently called an international gathering in Shashemene to put it back into focus.
Anomalous Single Production of the Fourth Generation Quarks at the LHC
Creators: name: Ciftci, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possible anomalous single productions of the fourth standard model generation up and down type quarks at CERN Large Hadron Collider are studied. Namely, $p p \to u_4 (d_4) X$ with subsequent $u_4\to bW^{+}$ process followed by leptonic decay of $W$ boson and $d_4\to bγ$ (and its h.c.) decay channel are considered. Signatures of these processes and corresponding standard model backgrounds are discussed in detail. Discovery limits for quark mass and achievable values of anomalous coupling strength are determined.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables
Survival in Branching Cellular Populations
Creators: name: Bryant, Adam S.
name: Lavrentovich, Maxim O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze evolutionary dynamics in a confluent, branching cellular population, such as in a growing duct, vasculature, or in a branching microbial colony. We focus on the coarse-grained features of the evolution and build a statistical model that captures the essential features of the dynamics. Using simulations and analytic approaches, we show that the survival probability of strains within the growing population is sensitive to the branching geometry: Branch bifurcations enhance survival probability due to an overall population growth (i.e., "inflation"), while branch termination and the small effective population size at the growing branch tips increase the probability of strain extinction. We show that the evolutionary dynamics may be captured on a wide range of branch geometries parameterized just by the branch diameter $N_0$ and branching rate $b$. We find that the survival probability of neutral cell strains is largest at an "optimal" branching rate, which balances the effects of inflation and branch termination. We find that increasing the selective advantage $s$ of the cell strain mitigates the inflationary effect by decreasing the average time at which the mutant cell fate is determined. For sufficiently large selective advantages, the survival probability of the advantageous mutant decreases monotonically with the branching rate.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, minor corrections and clarifications
A novel configuration model for random graphs with given degree sequence
Creators: name: Xu, Xinping
name: Liu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, random graphs in which vertices are characterized by hidden variables controlling the establishment of edges between pairs of vertices have attracted much attention. Here, we present a specific realization of a class of random network models in which the connection probability between two vertices (i,j) is a specific function of degrees ki and kj. In the framework of the configuration model of random graphs, we find analytical expressions for the degree correlation and clustering as a function of the variance of the desired degree distribution. The expressions obtained are checked by means of numerical simulations. Possible applications of our model are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Rosen-Zener interferometry with Ultracold Atoms
Creators: name: Fu, Li-Bin
name: Ye, Di-Fa
name: Lee, Chaohong
name: Zhang, Weiping
name: Liu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a time-domain "interferometer" based on ultracold Bose atoms loaded on a double well potential. By the adiabatic Rosen-Zener process, the barrier between two wells is ramped down slowly, held for a while, then ramped back. Starting with a coherent state of double well system, the final occupations on one well show interesting interference fringes in the time-domain. The fringe pattern is sensitive to the initial state, the interatomic interaction, and the external forces such as gravity which can change the shape of the double well. In this sense, this interferometric scheme has the potentials for precision measurements with ultracold atoms. The underlying mechanism is revealed and possible applications are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Negative magnetoresistance of ultra-narrow superconducting nanowires in the resistive state
Creators: name: Arutyunov, K. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a phenomenological model qualitatively explaining negative magnetoresistance in quasi-one-dimensional superconducting channels in the resistive state. The model is based on the assumption that fluctuations of the order parameter (phase slips) are responsible for the finite effective resistance of a narrow superconducting wire sufficiently close to the critical temperature. Each fluctuation is accompanied by an instant formation of a quasi-normal region of the order of the non-equilibrium quasiparticle relaxation length 'pinned' to the core of the phase slip. The effective time-averaged voltage measured in experiment is a sum of two terms. First one is the conventional contribution linked to the rate of the fluctuations via the Josephson relation. Second term is the Ohmic contribution of this quasi-normal region. Depending on material properties of the wire, there might be a range of magnetic fields where the first term is not much affected, while the second term is effectively suppressed contributing to the experimentally observed negative magnetoresistance.
description: 10 pages including 2 figures
Localization in an Inhomogeneous Quantum Wire
Creators: name: Guclu, A. D.
name: Umrigar, C. J.
name: Jiang, Hong
name: Baranger, H. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study interaction-induced localization of electrons in an inhomogeneous quasi-one-dimensional system--a wire with two regions, one at low density and the other high. Quantum Monte Carlo techniques are used to treat the strong Coulomb interactions in the low density region, where localization of electrons occurs. The nature of the transition from high to low density depends on the density gradient--if it is steep, a barrier develops between the two regions, causing Coulomb blockade effects. Ferromagnetic spin polarization does not appear for any parameters studied. The picture emerging here is in good agreement with measurements of tunneling between two wires.
description: 4 pages; 2 new figures, substantial revisions and clarifications
Chemical composition of stars with massive planets
Creators: name: Mishenina, T.
name: Basak, N.
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Soubiran, C.
name: Kovtyukh, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar parameters of 25 planet-hosting stars and abundances of Li, C, O, Na, Mg, Al, S, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Y, Zr, Ba, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm and Eu, were studied based on homogeneous high resolution spectra and uniform techniques. The iron abundance [Fe/H] and key elements (Li, C, O, Mg, Si) indicative of the planet formation, as well as the dependencies of [El/Fe] on $T_{cond}$, were analyzed. The iron abundances determined in our sample stars with detected massive planets range within -0.3= 0.48 +/-0.07 and =-0.07 +/-0.07, which are slightly lower than solar ones. The Mg/Si ratios range from 0.83 to 0.95 for four stars in our sample and from 1.0 to 1.86 for the remaining 21 stars. Various slopes of [El/Fe] vs. Tcond were found. The dependencies of the planetary mass on metallicity, the lithium abundance, the C/O and Mg/Si ratios, and also on the [El/Fe]-Tcond slopes were considered.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, Accepted in MNRAS
Theory of Electron Nematic Order in LaOFeAs
Creators: name: Fang, Chen
name: Yao, Hong
name: Tsai, Wei-Feng
name: Hu, JiangPing
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a spin $S$ quantum Heisenberg model on the Fe lattice of the rare-earth oxypnictide superconductors. Using both large $S$ and large $N$ methods, we show that this model exhibits a sequence of two phase transitions: from a high temperature symmetric phase to a narrow region of intermediate ``nematic'' phase, and then to a low temperature spin ordered phase. Identifying phases by their broken symmetries, these phases correspond precisely to the sequence of structural (tetragonal to monoclinic) and magnetic transitions that have been recently revealed in neutron scattering studies of LaOFeAs. The structural transition can thus be identified with the existence of incipient (``fluctuating'') magnetic order.
description: 3 figures, 6 pages
The Photon Dominated Region in the IC 348 molecular cloud
Creators: name: Sun, K.
name: Ossenkopf, V.
name: Kramer, C.
name: Mookerjea, B.
name: Röllig, M.
name: Cubick, M.
name: Stutzki, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss the physical conditions of clumpy nature in the IC 348 molecular cloud. We combine new observations of fully sampled maps in [C I] at 492 GHz and 12CO 4--3, taken with the KOSMA 3 m telescope at about 1' resolution, with FCRAO data of 12CO 1--0, 13CO 1--0 and far-infrared continuum data observed by HIRES/IRAS. To derive the physical parameters of the region we analyze the three different line ratios. A first rough estimate of abundance is obtained from an LTE analysis. To understand the [C I] and CO emission from the PDRs in IC 348, we use a clumpy PDR model. With an ensemble of identical clumps, we constrain the total mass from the observed absolute intensities. Then we apply a more realistic clump distribution model with a power law index of 1.8 for clump-mass spectrum and a power law index of 2.3 for mass-size relation. We provide detailed fits to observations at seven representative positions in the cloud, revealing clump densities between 4 10$^{4}$ cm$^{-3}$ and 4 10$^{5}$ cm$^{-3}$ and C/CO column density ratios between 0.02 and 0.26. The derived FUV flux from the model fit is consistent with the field calculated from FIR continuum data, varying between 2 and 100 Draine units across the cloud. We find that both an ensemble of identical clumps and an ensemble with a power law clump mass distribution produce line intensities which are in good agreement (within a factor ~ 2) with the observed intensities. The models confirm the anti-correlation between the C/CO abundance ratio and the hydrogen column density found in many regions.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted by A&A
Temporal cavity solitons and frequency combs via quantum interference
Creators: name: Oppo, Gian-Luca
name: Grant, David
name: Eslami, Mansour
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temporal cavity solitons in ring microresonators provide broad and controllable generation of frequency combs with applications in frequency standards and precise atomic clocks. Three level media in the Λ configuration inside microresonators displaying electromagnetically induced transparency can be used for the generation of temporal cavity solitons and frequency combs in the presence of anomalous dispersion and two external driving fields close to resonance. Here, domain walls separating regions of two dark states due to quantum interference correspond to realizations of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage without input pulses. With no need of modulational instabilities, bright temporal cavity solitons and frequency combs are formed when these domain walls lock with each other. Wide stability ranges, close to resonance operation and optimal shape of the cavity solitons due to three-level quantum interference can make them preferable to those in two-level media.
Double parton scattering, diffraction and effective cross section
Creators: name: Treleani, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rates of multiparton collisions in high energy hadronic interactions provide information on the typical transverse distances between partons in the hadron structure. The different configurations of the hadron in transverse space are, on the other hand, at the origin of hadron diffraction. The relation between the two phenomena is exploted in an eikonal model of hadronic interactions.
description: 17 pages, no figures
Polytopic Matrix Factorization: Determinant Maximization Based Criterion and Identifiability
Creators: name: Tatli, Gokcan
name: Erdogan, Alper T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We introduce Polytopic Matrix Factorization (PMF) as a novel data decomposition approach. In this new framework, we model input data as unknown linear transformations of some latent vectors drawn from a polytope. In this sense, the article considers a semi-structured data model, in which the input matrix is modeled as the product of a full column rank matrix and a matrix containing samples from a polytope as its column vectors. The choice of polytope reflects the presumed features of the latent components and their mutual relationships. As the factorization criterion, we propose the determinant maximization (Det-Max) for the sample autocorrelation matrix of the latent vectors. We introduce a sufficient condition for identifiability, which requires that the convex hull of the latent vectors contains the maximum volume inscribed ellipsoid of the polytope with a particular tightness constraint. Based on the Det-Max criterion and the proposed identifiability condition, we show that all polytopes that satisfy a particular symmetry restriction qualify for the PMF framework. Having infinitely many polytope choices provides a form of flexibility in characterizing latent vectors. In particular, it is possible to define latent vectors with heterogeneous features, enabling the assignment of attributes such as nonnegativity and sparsity at the subvector level. The article offers examples illustrating the connection between polytope choices and the corresponding feature representations.
description: Journal
How shape and flapping rate affect the distribution of fluid forces on flexible hydrofoils
Creators: name: Dagenais, Paule
name: Aegerter, Christof M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the fluid-structure interaction of flexible fin models oscillated in a water flow. Here, we investigate in particular the dependence of hydrodynamic force distributions on fin geometry and flapping frequency. For this purpose, we employ state-of-the-art techniques in pressure evaluation to describe fluid force maps with high temporal and spatial resolution on the deforming surfaces of the hydrofoils. Particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) is used to measure the 3D fluid velocity field, and the hydrodynamic stress tensor is subsequently calculated based on the Navier-Stokes equation. The shape and kinematics of the fin-like foils are linked to their ability to generate propulsive thrust efficiently, as well as the accumulation of external contact forces and the resulting internal tension throughout a flapping cycle.
Absolute pitch and the perception of sequential musical intervals
Creators: name: McGeough, Carol Sigrid Westdal
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The perception of musical intervals by musicians can be envisaged as being accomplished in one of two ways. Most musicians appear to have only one method for identifying musical intervals: they directly evaluate the musical interval between two notes. Musicians with absolute pitch (AP) appear to have two methods available for identifying intervals: they can either directly evaluate the musical interval, or they can first identify the two pitches, and then infer the musical interval between them. This study investigated the perception of sequential musical intervals by two groups of musicians, one group with AP and the other without AP. In the first of four experiments, most subjects in both groups were able to name accurately standard sequential musical intervals based on the equal-tempered scale. In the second experiment, most subjects in the AP group were able accurately and consistently to name notes of the equal-tempered scale, whereas subjects without AP were not able to name them consistently or accurately. In the third experiment, subjects with AP identified, with varying degrees of accuracy and consistency, single notes spaced in 20-cent increments over a 9.4 semitone range, using the standard musical note names. This experiment also demonstrated that not all subjects had the same internal pitch reference. In the final and major experiment, subjects identified sequential musical intervals ranging in 20-cent steps from 260 to 540 cents, using the standard musical interval names. Subjects, both with and without AP, appeared to identify the intervals by directly evaluating the musical interval between the two notes, rather than first identifying the two pitches and then inferring the musical interval. One subject in the AP group showed a strong tendency to use the latter method, but only in certain contexts, the reason for which remains unexplained. Although more research is needed for stronger conclusions to be drawn, it appears that most musicians with AP do not use this ability in the identification of sequential musical intervals, relying instead on their sense of relative pitch.
Two field BPS solutions for generalized Lorentz breaking models
Creators: name: Dutra, A. de Souza
name: Hott, M.
name: Barone, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present nonlinear models in two-dimensional space-time of two interacting scalar fields in the Lorentz and CPT violating scenarios. We discuss the soliton solutions for these models as well as the question of stability for them. This is done by generalizing a model recently published by Barreto and collaborators and also by getting new solutions for the model introduced by them.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Sales Prediction Model Using Classification Decision Tree Approach For Small Medium Enterprise Based on Indonesian E-Commerce Data
Creators: name: Johannes, Raden
name: Alamsyah, Andry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growth of internet users in Indonesia gives an impact on many aspects of daily life, including commerce. Indonesian small-medium enterprises took this advantage of new media to derive their activity by the meaning of online commerce. Until now, there is no known practical implementation of how to predict their sales and revenue using their historical transaction. In this paper, we build a sales prediction model on the Indonesian footwear industry using real-life data crawled on Tokopedia, one of the biggest e-commerce providers in Indonesia. Data mining is a discipline that can be used to gather information by processing the data. By using the method of classification in data mining, this research will describe patterns of the market and predict the potential of the region in the national market commodities. Our approach is based on the classification decision tree. We managed to determine predicted the number of items sold by the viewers, price, and type of shoes.
Protocol Stack Perspective For Low Latency and Massive Connectivity in Future Cellular Networks
Creators: name: Shah, Syed Waqas Haider
name: Mian, Adnan Noor
name: Mumtaz, Shahid
name: Wen, Miaowen
name: Hong, T.
name: Kadoch, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the emergence of Internet-of-Things (IoT) and ever-increasing demand for the newly connected devices, there is a need for more effective storage and processing paradigms to cope with the data generated from these devices. In this study, we have discussed different paradigms for data processing and storage including Cloud, Fog, and Edge computing models and their suitability in integrating with the IoT. Moreover, a detailed discussion on low latency and massive connectivity requirements of future cellular networks in accordance with machine-type communication (MTC) is also presented. Furthermore, the need to bring IoT devices to Internet connectivity and a standardized protocol stack to regulate the data transmission between these devices is also addressed while keeping in view the resource constraint nature of IoT devices.
description: IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC-2019)
The stellar contribution to the extra-galactic background light and absorption of high-energy gamma-rays
Creators: name: Razzaque, Soebur
name: Dermer, Charles D.
name: Finke, Justin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TeV gamma rays from distant astrophysical sources are attenuated due to electron-positron pair creation by interacting with ultraviolet/optical to infrared photons which fill the universe and are collectively known as the extra-galactic background light (EBL). We model the ~0.1-10 eV starlight component of the EBL derived from expressions for the stellar initial mass function, star formation history of the universe, and wavelength-dependent absorption of a large sample of galaxies in the local universe. These models are simultaneously fitted to the EBL data as well as to the data on the stellar luminosity density in our local universe. We find that the models with modified Salpeter A initial mass function together with Cole et al. (2001) or Hopkins and Beacom (2006) star formation history best represent available data. Since no dust emission is included, our calculated EBL models can be interpreted as the lower limits in the ~0.1-1 eV range. We present simple analytic fits to the best-fit EBL model evolving with redshift. We then proceed to calculate gamma-ray opacities, and absorption of ~10-300 GeV gamma-rays coming from different redshifts. We discuss implications of our results for the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope and ground-based Air Cherenkov Telescopes.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures and 1 table. Substantially revised but the formalism remains unchanged. Accepted in ApJ
Cascade of correlated electron states in a kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5
Creators: name: Zhao, He
name: Li, Hong
name: Ortiz, Brenden R.
name: Teicher, Samuel M. L.
name: Park, Taka
name: Ye, Mengxing
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Balents, Leon
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Zeljkovic, Ilija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kagome lattice of transition metal atoms provides an exciting platform to study electronic correlations in the presence of geometric frustration and nontrivial band topology, which continues to bear surprises. In this work, using spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy, we discover a cascade of different symmetry-broken electronic states as a function of temperature in a new kagome superconductor, CsV3Sb5. At a temperature far above the superconducting transition Tc ~ 2.5 K, we reveal a tri-directional charge order with a 2a0 period that breaks the translation symmetry of the lattice. As the system is cooled down towards Tc, we observe a prominent V-shape spectral gap opening at the Fermi level and an additional breaking of the six-fold rotation symmetry, which persists through the superconducting transition. This rotation symmetry breaking is observed as the emergence of an additional 4a0 unidirectional charge order and strongly anisotropic scattering in differential conductance maps. The latter can be directly attributed to the orbital-selective renormalization of the V kagome bands. Our experiments reveal a complex landscape of electronic states that can co-exist on a kagome lattice, and provide intriguing parallels to high-Tc superconductors and twisted bilayer graphene.
Measurements of time-dependent CP violation in B^0 -> psi(2S) K_S decays
Creators: name: Sahoo, H.
name: Browder, T. E.
name: Trabelsi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report improved measurements of time-dependent CP violation parameters for B^0(\bar{B}^0) -> psi(2S) K_S. This analysis is based on a data sample of 657x10^6 BBbar pairs collected at the Y(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB energy-asymmetric e+e- collider. We fully reconstruct one neutral B meson in the psi(2S) K_S CP-eigenstate decay channel, and the flavor of the accompanying B meson is identified to be either B^0 or \bar{B}^0 from its decay products. CP violation parameters are obtained from the asymmetries in the distributions of the proper-time intervals between the two B decays: S (psi(2S) K_S) = +0.72 +/- 0.09(stat) +/- 0.03(syst), A (psi(2S) K_S) = +0.04 +/- 0.07(stat) +/- 0.05(syst). These results are in agreement with results from measurements of B^0 -> J/psi K^0.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, presented at 2007 Lepton-Photon Symposium (BELLE-CONF-0770). Modified version published in PRD(RC)