cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ground-state properties of hard core bosons in one-dimensional harmonic traps
Creators: name: Papenbrock, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The one-particle density matrices for hard core bosons in a one-dimensional harmonic trap are computed numerically for systems with up to 160 bosons. Diagonalization of the density matrix shows that the many-body ground state is not Bose-Einstein condensed. The ground state occupation, the amplitude of the lowest natural orbital, and the zero momentum peak height scale as powers of the particle number, and the corresponding exponents are related to each other. Close to its diagonal, the density matrix for hard core bosons is similar to the one of noninteracting fermions.
description: 4 pages, 4 EPS-figures, one reference added
Quantum emulation of coherent backscattering in a system of superconducting qubits
Creators: name: Gramajo, Ana Laura
name: Campbell, Dan
name: Kannan, Bharath
name: Kim, David K.
name: Melville, Alexander
name: Niedzielski, Bethany M.
name: Yoder, Jonilyn L.
name: Sánchez, María José
name: Domínguez, Daniel
name: Gustavsson, Simon
name: Oliver, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In condensed matter systems, coherent backscattering and quantum interference in the presence of time-reversal symmetry lead to well-known phenomena such as weak localization (WL) and universal conductance fluctuations (UCF). Here we use multi-pass Landau-Zener transitions at the avoided crossing of a highly-coherent superconducting qubit to emulate these phenomena. The average and standard deviation of the qubit transition rate exhibit a dip and peak when the driving waveform is time-reversal symmetric, analogous to WL and UCF, respectively. The higher coherence of this qubit enabled the realization of both effects, in contrast to earlier work arXiv:1204.6428, which successfully emulated UCF, but did not observe WL. This demonstration illustrates the use of non-adiabatic control to implement quantum emulation with superconducting qubits.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures; two reference added; figure 4 changed; 2 more figures added in Suppl. Info
Global Monopole in General Relativity
Creators: name: Bronnikov, Kirill A.
name: Meierovich, Boris E.
name: Podolyak, Evgeny R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the gravitational properties of a global monopole on the basis of the simplest Higgs scalar triplet model in general relativity. We begin with establishing some common features of hedgehog-type solutions with a regular center, independent of the choice of the symmetry-breaking potential. There are six types of qualitative behavior of the solutions; we show, in particular, that the metric can contain at most one simple horizon. For the standard Mexican hat potential, the previously known properties of the solutions are confirmed and some new results are obtained. Thus, we show analytically that solutions with monotonically growing Higgs field and finite energy in the static region exist only in the interval $1
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Partnership Agreement Template: Guidelines and Checklist for Partnering
Creators: name: Paton, Cathy
name: Bernier, Alexe
name: Sinding, Christina
name: Maxwell, Colina
name: Sproule, Sarah
name: Sas van der Linden, Leora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: collaboration
partnership
arts-based research
art and research

description: This template is designed for projects that involve art and research. This template was created to assist different groups of people (i.e. artists, academic researchers, social service workers, community organizers, community workers) involved in projects in which art and research intersect. The plan aims to be accessible as a tool for working collaboratively in art and research projects, and where interdisciplinary collaboration creates specific needs for structure, agreements and documentation. 
As the types of partnerships that are the subject of this template require both structure and flexibility, this set of guidelines is designed to serve as a framework for thinking about and working through certain aspects of partnering. These guidelines offer questions for thinking through various aspects of the proposed partnership, as well as spaces to record what has been collaboratively decided upon together by those involved in the partnership.
Gamma-ray and Neutrino Emissions due to Cosmic-Ray Protons Accelerated at Intracluster Shocks in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Ha, Ji-Hoon
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Kang, Hyesung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the cosmic-ray protons (CRp) accelerated at collisionless shocks in galaxy clusters using cosmological structure formation simulations. We find that in the intracluster medium (ICM) within the virial radius of simulated clusters, only $\sim7$\% of shock kinetic energy flux is dissipated by the shocks that are expected to accelerate CRp, that is, supercritical, quasi-parallel ($Q_\parallel$) shocks with sonic Mach number $M_s\ge2.25$. The rest is dissipated at subcritical shocks and quasi-perpendicular shocks, both of which may not accelerate CRp. Adopting the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) model recently presented in Ryu et al. (2019), we quantify the DSA of CRp in simulated clusters. The average fraction of the shock kinetic energy transferred to CRp via DSA is assessed at $\sim(1-2)\times10^{-4}$. We also examine the energization of CRp through reacceleration using a model based on the test-particle solution. Assuming that the ICM plasma passes through shocks three times on average through the history of the universe and that CRp are reaccelerated only at supercritical $Q_\parallel$-shocks, the CRp spectrum flattens by $\sim0.05-0.1$ in slope and the total amount of CRp energy increases by $\sim40-80$\% from reacceleration. We then estimate diffuse $γ$-ray and neutrino emissions, resulting from inelastic collisions between CRp and thermal protons. The predicted $γ$-ray emissions from simulated clusters lie mostly below the upper limits set by Fermi-LAT for observed clusters. The neutrino fluxes towards nearby clusters would be $\lesssim10^{-4}$ of the IceCube flux at $E_ν=1$ PeV and $\lesssim10^{-6}$ of the atmospheric neutrino flux in the energy range of $E_ν\leq1$ TeV.
description: submitted to ApJ; revised by including reacceleration
Model Design and Representations of CM Sequences
Creators: name: Rezaie, Reza
name: Li, X. Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Conditionally Markov (CM) sequences are powerful mathematical tools for modeling problems. One class of CM sequences is the reciprocal sequence. In application, we need not only CM dynamic models, but also know how to design model parameters. Models of two important classes of nonsingular Gaussian (NG) CM sequences, called $CM_L$ and $CM_F$ models, and a model of the NG reciprocal sequence, called reciprocal $CM_L$ model, were presented in our previous works and their applications were discussed. In this paper, these models are studied in more detail, in particular their parameter design. It is shown that every reciprocal $CM_L$ model can be induced by a Markov model. Then, parameters of each reciprocal $CM_L$ model can be obtained from those of the Markov model. Also, it is shown that a NG $CM_L$ ($CM_F$) sequence can be represented by a sum of a NG Markov sequence and an uncorrelated NG vector. This (necessary and sufficient) representation provides a basis for designing parameters of a $CM_L$ ($CM_F$) model. From the CM viewpoint, a representation is also obtained for NG reciprocal sequences. This representation is simple and reveals an important property of reciprocal sequences. As a result, the significance of studying reciprocal sequences from the CM viewpoint is demonstrated. A full spectrum of dynamic models from a $CM_L$ model to a reciprocal $CM_L$ model is also presented. Some examples are presented for illustration.
Patients' health literacy in relation to the preference for a general practitioner as the source of health information
Creators: name: Oedekoven, Monika
name: Herrmann, Wolfram J.
name: Ernsting, Clemens
name: Schnitzer, Susanne
name: Kanzler, Melanie
name: Kuhlmey, Adelheid
name: Gellert, Paul
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: general practitioner
subject: health literacy
subject: action planning
subject: self-efficacy
subject: source of health information
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: For many patients, the general practitioner (GP) is the most important point of contact for obtaining information about a wide range of health topics. However, patients with different characteristics may seek health information from different sources, such as friends or the internet. The relationship between patient characteristics and preferences for information sources is understudied. We investigate which information sources are used by patients for health-related questions and how this relates to patients’ sociodemographics, health, and health literacy. Methods: A stratified and population-based survey was conducted to investigate health information sources within the German population over 35 years (n = 4144). Sociodemographics, use of technology, health-related indicators, and health literacy (including self-efficacy and action planning), as well as questions regarding the ratings of multiple health-related information sources, were investigated in personal interviews and analyzed using logistic regression. Results: In our study, GPs were the most important source of information for the patients, followed by medical specialists, pharmacists and the internet. Patient age and number of illnesses were associated with the choice of information source. Furthermore, action planning and self-efficacy for acquiring health knowledge were associated with the selected source of information. Conclusions: Information provider appears to be an important role for GPs, particularly among old and chronically ill patients. GPs should have the specific capabilities to fill this role and should be trained and referred to accordingly. Selfefficacy and action planning for acquiring health knowledge are important patient factors doctors can use for brief inventions during consultations.
Art and Research Partnership Agreement Template
Creators: name: Paton, Cathy
name: Bernier, Alexe
name: Sinding, Christina
name: Maxwell, Colina
name: Sproule, Sarah
name: Sas van der Linden, Leora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: collaboration
partnership
arts-based research
art and research

description: This template is designed for projects that involve art and research. This template was created to assist different groups of people (i.e. artists, academic researchers, social service workers, community organizers, community workers) involved in projects in which art and research intersect. The plan aims to be accessible as a tool for working collaboratively in art and research projects, and where interdisciplinary collaboration creates specific needs for structure, agreements and documentation. 

As the types of partnerships that are the subject of this template require both structure and flexibility, this set of guidelines is designed to serve as a framework for thinking about and working through certain aspects of partnering. These guidelines offer questions for thinking through various aspects of the proposed partnership, as well as spaces to record what has been collaboratively decided upon together by those involved in the partnership.
MOESM13 of Heterogeneity in HIV and cellular transcription profiles in cell line models of latent and productive infection: implications for HIV latency
Creators: name: Sushama Telwatte
name: Morón-López, Sara
name: Aran, Dvir
name: Kim, Peggy
name: Hsieh, Christine
name: Joshi, Sunil
name: Montano, Mauricio
name: Greene, Warner
name: Butte, Atul
name: Wong, Joseph
name: Yukl, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 13: Fig. S10. Differentially expressed genes in unstimulated vs. activated J-Lat 9.2 cells. Each dot represents a separate gene or HIV target. The X axis represents the log2 fold change and the y-axis denotes the − log10(P value).
CA-SBA-4333: Archaeological Site Record for CA-SBA-4333
Creators: name: Kekich, Jessica
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: United States of America (Country)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/384/united-states-of-america-country
subject: North America (Continent)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2890/north-america-continent
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: CA-SBA-4333H
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/138617/ca-sba-4333h

description: This document is the archaeological site record for CA-SBA-4333.
MOESM2 of Heterogeneity in HIV and cellular transcription profiles in cell line models of latent and productive infection: implications for HIV latency
Creators: name: Sushama Telwatte
name: Morón-López, Sara
name: Aran, Dvir
name: Kim, Peggy
name: Hsieh, Christine
name: Joshi, Sunil
name: Montano, Mauricio
name: Greene, Warner
name: Butte, Atul
name: Wong, Joseph
name: Yukl, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Progression through HIV transcription stages. This schematic shows relative levels of HIV transcription initiation, elongation, completion and multiple splicing quantified in the myeloid cell line U1; the lymphoid cell lines ACH2, 8E5, J-Lat clones and activated J-Lat clones; and in PBMCs, CD4+ T cell and activated CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected ART-suppressed individuals. The scale depicts the maximal block to transcription (red) to no transcriptional block (green). For each cell line, the blue arrow indicates the comparative progression through/block to transcription at each stage.
Nonlocal Gravitomagnetism
Creators: name: Mashhoon, Bahram
name: Hehl, Friedrich W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the current status of nonlocal gravity (NLG), which is a classical nonlocal generalization of Einstein's theory of gravitation based on a certain analogy with the nonlocal electrodynamics of media. Nonlocal gravity thus involves integro-differential field equations and a causal constitutive kernel that should ultimately be determined from observational data. We consider the stationary gravitational field of an isolated rotating astronomical source in the linear approximation of nonlocal gravity. In this weak-field and slow-motion approximation of NLG, we describe the gravitomagnetic field associated with the rotating source and compare our results with gravitoelectromagnetism (GEM) of the standard general relativity theory. Moreover, we briefly study the energy-momentum content of the GEM field in nonlocal gravity.
description: 24 pages; v2: presentation improved, references added; v3: minor corrections
Megatyphlops Broadley & Wallach 2009, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Broadley, Donald G.
name: Wallach, Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Typhlopidae
Megatyphlops

description: Megatyphlops gen. nov.
Giant blind-snakes
 Type species. — Onychocephalus mucruso Peters, 1854, Ber. Bekanntmach. Geeignet. Verhandl. Königl.- Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1854(11): 621.
 Diagnosis. —An endemic African genus characterized by the following combination of characters: snout sharply angular in profile, with a keratinized horizontal edge in adults, supralabial imbrication pattern T-II or T-X, nasal shield incompletely divided and lacking posterior concavity, nostrils directed ventrally, inferior nasal suture contacting first or second supralabial or rostral (Megatyphlops anomalus), 3–7 postoculars, dorsal rostral broad (greater than 1/2 interocular head width), ventral rostral broad (greater than 1/2 internarial snout width), well-developed eye with discernible pupil, dorsum pigmented (often with lineate, mottled or blotched pattern), and vestigial left lung present. Other typical characters include 30–44 midbody scale rows, robust body (length/width 17–58), and large size (maximum length 350–950 mm).
 Distribution. —Endemic to eastern and southern Africa.
 Content. —Four species.
description: Published as part of Broadley, Donald G. & Wallach, Van, 2009, 2255, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 2255 on page 47
Phenomenology of Generalized Higgs Boson Scenarios
Creators: name: Gunion, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I outline some of the challenging issues that could arise in attempting to fully delineate various possible Higgs sectors, with focus on the minimal supersymmetric model, a general two-Higgs-doublet model, and extensions thereof.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the Proceedings of ``The Future of Particle Physics'', Snowmass 2001, P1 group. Revised to include additional references
Additional file 2 of Establishment and validation of an immune infiltration predictive model for ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Song, Zhenxia
name: Zhang, Jingwen
name: Sun, Yue
name: Jiang, Zhongmin
name: Liu, Xiaoning
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Calibration plot at 1-, 3-, and 5-year of nomogram without IPM.
Alamandine and Its Receptor MrgD Pair Up to Join the Protective Arm of the Renin-Angiotensin System
Creators: name: Schleifenbaum, Johanna
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: alamandine
subject: MrgD
subject: GPCR
subject: renin-angiotensin system
subject: hypertension
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Only a few years ago, alamandine was found to be a member of the protective arm of the renin-angiotensin system. It turned out to be an endogenous ligand of the G protein-coupled receptor MrgD. So far, MrgD had predominantly been studied in a neuronal context. The expression of the receptor in non-neuronal tissue showed hitherto unknown effects mediated by MrgD, most strikingly alamandine-induced vasodilation. Alamandine being a part of the non-classical renin-angiotensin system, a protective role of receptor activation seemed natural. This review summarizes the different effects of MrgD activation by alamandine in vasculature, in the central nervous system, and in organs as kidney and heart. Alamandine and MrgD are promising novel drug targets to protect the kidney and heart through anti-hypertensive actions.
Enhanced Molecular Surveillance of Chikungunya Virus
Creators: name: Fischer, Carlo
name: Lamballerie, Xavier De
name: Drexler, Jan Felix
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: adaptive mutations
subject: alphavirus
subject: molecular epidemiology
subject: vector-borne diseases
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Outbreaks of the emerging arbovirus chikungunya virus (CHIKV) affect millions of individuals in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Vector competence can be changed dramatically by single amino acid exchanges located predominantly within the CHIKV E1 and E2 envelope proteins, which are associated with enhanced transmissibility by anthropophilic Aedes mosquitoes. Commonly used reference assays for molecular surveillance cover only a few adaptive mutations within the envelope domains and have not been validated for all CHIKV genotypes. The recognized landscape of CHIKV adaptive mutations is thus likely incomplete. We designed two nested reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays that cover hot spots of viral adaptation to vectors within the E1 and E2 genomic domains. Primers were designed in conserved genomic regions to allow broad usability across CHIKV genotypes. The sensitivity of both assays was at least equivalent to E1- and E2-based reference assays and robust among CHIKV genotypes at 51.4 IU/reaction (E1, 95% confidence interval [CI], 39.8 to 78.9) and 4.0 IU/reaction (E2, 95% CI, 2.0 to 7.4). Upon analysis of the complete known CHIKV genomic diversity, up to 11 nucleotide mismatches with CHIKV variants occurred under oligonucleotide binding sites of reference assays, potentially limiting assay sensitivity, whereas no critical mismatches occurred in the new assays. Specificity testing with nine alphaviruses representing all serocomplexes showed amplification of Mayaro virus and O’nyong-nyong virus by the E1-based assay, but not by the E2-based assay. The high sensitivity and specificity of the new E2-based assay may allow its diagnostic usage in resource-limited settings. The combined new assays allow improved molecular epidemiological surveillance of CHIKV globally.
MOESM9 of Representation of people with comorbidity and multimorbidity in clinical trials of novel drug therapies: an individual-level participant data analysis
Creators: name: Hanlon, Peter
name: Hannigan, Laurie
name: Rodriguez-Perez, Jesus
name: Fischbacher, Colin
name: Welton, Nicky
name: Dias, Sofia
name: Mair, Frances
name: Guthrie, Bruce
name: Wild, Sarah
name: McAllister, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 9. Proportion-with-each-comorbidity-for-trials-and-sail.pdf: Analysis of the prevalence of each comorbidity, within each index condition, in trial participants and the community sample.
Sigma photoproduction in the resonance region
Creators: name: Janssen, S.
name: Ryckebusch, J.
name: Debruyne, D.
name: Van Cauteren, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of p(gamma,K)Sigma processes in an isobar model at tree level is reported. By comparing model calculations to the published SAPHIR data, we explore the possible role of different isospin I=1/2 (N*) and I=3/2 (Delta*) resonances in the reaction dynamics. In our analysis, the inclusion of the ``missing'' D_{13}(1895) resonance does only slightly improve the global description of the Sigma photoproduction data. More convincing signals for the presence of such a ``missing'' resonance emerged in the analysis of the isospin related p(gamma,K+)Lambda reaction. Various implementations of the nonresonant part of the Sigma photoproduction amplitude are presented. The sensitivity of the computed observables and extracted resonance parameters to the uncertainties inherent to the treatment of the nonresonant (background) diagrams are discussed.
description: subsection and table added, to appear in Phys. Rev. C
Coscattering in next-to-minimal dark matter and split supersymmetry
Creators: name: Brümmer, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In some models of thermal relic dark matter, the relic abundance may be set by inelastic scattering processes (rather than annihilations) becoming inefficient as the universe cools down. This effect has been called coscattering. We present a procedure to numerically solve the full momentum-dependent Boltzmann equations in coscattering, which allows for a precise calculation of the dark matter relic density including the effects of early kinetic decoupling. We apply our method to a simple model, containing a fermionic SU(2) triplet and a fermionic singlet with electroweak-scale masses, at small triplet-singlet mixing. The relic density can be set by either coannihilation or, at values of the mixing angle $θ\lesssim 10^{-5}$, by coscattering. We identify the parameter ranges which give rise to the observed relic abundance. As a special case, we study bino-like dark matter in split supersymmetry at large $μ$.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; v2: references added, matches journal version
Chiral Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Scadron, M. D.
name: Zenczykowski, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that melting the quark mass, the scalar $σ$ mass and the quark condensate leads uniquely to the quark-level SU(2) linear $σ$ model field theory. Upon thermalization, the chiral phase transition curve requires $T_c =2f^{CL}_π\approx 180 MeV$ when $μ= 0$, while the critical chemical potential is $μ_c =m_q\approx 325 MeV$. Transition to the superconductive phase occurs at $T^{(SC)}_c=Δ/πe^{-γ_E}$. Coloured diquarks suggest $T_c^{(SC)}<180 MeV$.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure included
Typhlops Broadley & Wallach 2009
Creators: name: Broadley, Donald G.
name: Wallach, Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Typhlopidae
Typhlops

description: Key to the species of Typhlops in eastern Africa
 1a. Preocular overlaps second supralabial (SIP T-III); snout rounded in profile; superior nasal suture present; middorsals 400–425; 24 scale rows; body slender (L/W ratio> 50) ............................................................ T. platyrhynchus
1b. Second supralabial overlaps preocular (SIP T-V); snout wedge-shaped in profile; superior nasal suture absent; middorsals 216–302; scale rows usually 22 (24); body short and robust (L/W ratio <40).............................................. 2
 2a. Middorsals 257 or fewer; relatively shorter snout (snout/head width ratio <0.80); southern Somalia........................ ................................................................................................................................................................ T. cuneirostris
 2b. Middorsals 257 or more; relatively longer snout (snout/head width ratio> 0.85); eastern Ethiopia, northern Somalia, and northeastern Kenya ...................................................................................................................... T. calabresii
description: Published as part of Broadley, Donald G. & Wallach, Van, 2009, 2255, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 2255 on page 76
Mean-field tricritical polymers
Creators: name: Bauerschmidt, Roland
name: Slade, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an introductory account of a tricritical phase diagram, in the setting of a mean-field random walk model of a polymer density transition, and clarify the nature of the density transition in this context. We consider a continuous-time random walk model on the complete graph, in the limit as the number of vertices $N$ in the graph grows to infinity. The walk has a repulsive self-interaction, as well as a competing attractive self-interaction whose strength is controlled by a parameter $g$. A chemical potential $ν$ controls the walk length. We determine the phase diagram in the $(g,ν)$ plane, as a model of a density transition for a single linear polymer chain. A dilute phase (walk of bounded length) is separated from a dense phase (walk of length of order $N$) by a phase boundary curve. The phase boundary is divided into two parts, corresponding to first-order and second-order phase transitions, with the division occurring at a tricritical point. The proof uses a supersymmetric representation for the random walk model, followed by a single block-spin renormalisation group step to reduce the problem to a 1-dimensional integral, followed by application of the Laplace method for an integral with a large parameter.
description: Accepted version, to appear in PMP
Long-Range Temporal Correlations in Resting State Beta Oscillations are Reduced in Schizophrenia
Creators: name: Moran, James K.
name: Michail, Georgios
name: Heinz, Andreas
name: Keil, Julian
name: Senkowski, Daniel
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: schizophrenia
subject: resting-state EEG
subject: alpha oscillations
subject: beta oscillations
subject: long-range temporal correlations (LRTC)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Symptoms of schizophrenia (SCZ) are likely to be generated by genetically mediated synaptic dysfunction, which contribute to large-scale functional neural dysconnectivity. Recent electrophysiological studies suggest that this dysconnectivity is present not only at a spatial level but also at a temporal level, operationalized as long-range temporal correlations (LRTCs). Previous research suggests that alpha and beta frequency bands have weaker temporal stability in people with SCZ. This study sought to replicate these findings with high-density electroencephalography (EEG), enabling a spatially more accurate analysis of LRTC differences, and to test associations with characteristic SCZ symptoms and cognitive deficits. A 128-channel EEG was used to record eyes-open resting state brain activity of 23 people with SCZ and 24 matched healthy controls (HCs). LRTCs were derived for alpha (8–12 Hz) and beta (13–25 Hz) frequency bands. As an exploratory analysis, LRTC was source projected using sLoreta. People with SCZ showed an area of significantly reduced beta-band LRTC compared with HCs over bilateral posterior regions. There were no between-group differences in alpha-band activity. Individual symptoms of SCZ were not related to LRTC values nor were cognitive deficits. The study confirms that people with SCZ have reduced temporal stability in the beta frequency band. The absence of group differences in the alpha band may be attributed to the fact that people had, in contrast to previous studies, their eyes open in the current study. Taken together, our study confirms the utility of LRTC as a marker of network instability in people with SCZ and provides a novel empirical perspective for future examinations of network dysfunction salience in SCZ research.
Coexistence of bulk antiferromagnetic order and superconductivity in the QED3 theory of copper oxides
Creators: name: Pereg-Barnea, T.
name: Franz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of the QED3 theory of cuprates it is argued that bulk antiferromagnetic (AF) order can coexist with d-wave superconductivity in the underdoped region, in agreement with recent experiments. The AF order arises from the phase fluctuating d-wave superconductor via the mechanism of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, provided that fluctuations are sufficiently strong. The phase diagram for this coexistence is mapped out by means of analytical and numerical solutions of the underlying Dyson-Schwinger equation in the large N limit.
description: 4 pages REVTeX, 3 figures; version to appear in PRB/RC
Infrared quasi-fixed solutions in the NMSSM
Creators: name: Nevzorov, R. B.
name: Trusov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The considerable part of the parameter space in the MSSM corresponding to the infrared quasi fixed point scenario is almost excluded by LEP II bounds on the lightest Higgs boson mass. In the NMSSM the mass of the lightest Higgs boson reaches its maximum value in the strong Yukawa coupling limit when Yukawa couplings are essentially larger than gauge ones at the Grand Unification scale. In this limit the solutions of the renormalisation group equations are attracted to the infrared and Hill type effective fixed lines or surfaces in the Yukawa coupling parameter space. They are concentrated in the vicinity of quasi fixed points for $Y_i(0)\to\infty$. However the solutions are attracted to such points rather weakly. For this reason when all $Y_i(0)\sim 1$ the solutions of the renormalisation group equations are gathered near a line in the Hill type effective surface. In the paper the approximate solutions for the NMSSM Yukawa couplings are given. The possibility of $b$--quark and $τ$--lepton Yukawa coupling unification at the scale $M_{X}$ is also discussed.
description: 32 pages, 8 figures included, LaTeX 2e
Effects of fluctuations and color-neutrality in a finite volume
Creators: name: Spieles, Christian
name: Bleicher, Marcus
name: Greiner, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate properties of strongly interacting matter in a schematic model, based on the combined degrees of freedom of a non-interacting hadronic phase and a non-interacting deconfined phase. It is found that in a finite system both phases contribute to the thermodynamic state due to fluctuations and that signatures of critical behviour like the divergence of statistical quantities are damped. The constraint of color-neutrality leads to a volume-dependent shift of the effective critical temperature, which follows a scaling law, independent of the baryochemical potential. According to the model, observable baryon-number susceptibilities at a given $T$ and $μ_B$ strongly depend on the system size. Finally, we compare hadronization conditions from the model with hadrochemical fits to experimental collider data, where a qualitatively similar system size dependence is extracted.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of STARS2019 (5th Carribean Symposium on Cosmology, Nuclear and Astroparticle Physics), May 6-8 2019, Havana, Cuba
Signal Transduction and Pathogenic Modifications at the Melanocortin-4 Receptor: A Structural Perspective
Creators: name: Heyder, Nicolas
name: Kleinau, Gunnar
name: Szczepek, Michal
name: Kwiatkowski, Dennis
name: Speck, David
name: Soletto, Lucia
name: Cerdá-Reverter, José Miguel
name: Krude, Heiko
name: Kühnen, Peter
name: Biebermann, Heike
name: Scheerer, Patrick
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: G-protein coupled receptor
subject: melanocortin receptors
subject: MC4R
subject: MSH
subject: AgRP
subject: ACTH
subject: pathogenic mutations
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) can be endogenously activated by binding of melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSH), which mediates anorexigenic effects. In contrast, the agouti-related peptide (AgRP) acts as an endogenous inverse agonist and suppresses ligand-independent basal signaling activity (orexigenic effects). Binding of ligands to MC4R leads to the activation of different G-protein subtypes or arrestin and concomitant signaling pathways. This receptor is a key protein in the hypothalamic regulation of food intake and energy expenditure and naturally-occurring inactivating MC4R variants are the most frequent cause of monogenic obesity. In general, obesity is a growing problem on a global scale and is of social, medical, and economic relevance. A significant goal is to develop optimized pharmacological tools targeting MC4R without adverse effects. To date, this has not been achieved because of inter alia non-selective ligands across the five functionally different MCR subtypes (MC1-5R). This motivates further investigation of (i) the three-dimensional MC4R structure, (ii) binding mechanisms of various ligands, and (iii) the molecular transfer process of signal transduction, with the aim of understanding how structural features are linked with functional-physiological aspects. Unfortunately, experimentally elucidated structural information is not yet available for theMC receptors, a group of class A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). We, therefore, generated MC4R homology models and complexes with interacting partners to describe approximate structural properties associated with signaling mechanisms. In addition, molecular insights from pathogenic mutations were incorporated to discriminate more precisely their individual malfunction of the signal transfer mechanism.
The collaboration behavior of top scientists
Creators: name: Abramo, Giovanni
name: D'Angelo, Ciriaco Andrea
name: Di Costa, Flavia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The intention of this work is to analyze top scientists' collaboration behavior at the "international", "domestic extramural" and "intramural" levels, and compare it to that of their lesser performing colleagues. The field of observation consists of the entire faculty of the Italian academic system, and so the coauthorship of scientific publications by over 12,000 professors. The broader aim is to improve understanding of the causal nexus between research collaboration and performance. The analysis is thus longitudinal, over two successive five-year periods. Results show a strong increase in the propensity to collaborate at domestic level (both extramural and intramural), however this is less for scientists who remain or become top, than it is for their lower-performing colleagues. In contrast, the increase in international collaboration behavior is greater for scientists who become or remain top than it is for their peers. The increase in productivity by those who acquire top scientist status is due precisely to the greater average impact of the publications achieved in collaboration with foreign colleagues.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1906.00754
Interplay of Three-Body Interactions in the EOS of Nuclear Matter
Creators: name: Zuo, W.
name: Lejeune, A.
name: Lombardo, U.
name: Mathiot, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state of symmetric nuclear matter has been investigated within Brueckner approach adopting the charge-dependent Argonne $V_{18}$ two-body force plus a microscopic three-body force based on a meson-exchange model. The effects on the equation of state of the individual processes giving rise to the three-body force are explored up to high baryonic density. It is found that the major role is played by the competition between the strongly repulsive $(σ, ω)$ exchange term with virtual nucleon-antinucleon excitation and the large attractive contribution due to $(σ, ω)$ exchange with $N^*(1440)$ resonance excitation. The net result is a repulsive term which shifts the saturation density corresponding to the only two-body force much closer to the empirical value, while keeping constant the saturation energy per particle. The contribution from $(π, ρ)$ exchange 3BF is shown to be attractive and rather small. The analysis of the separate three-body force contributions allows to make a comparison with the prediction of Dirac-Brueckner approach which is supposed to incorporate via the {\it dressed} Dirac spinors the same virtual nucleon-antinucleon excitations as in the present three-body force. The numerical results suggest that the three-body force components missing from the Dirac-Brueckner approach are not negligible, especially at high density. The calculation of the nuclear mean field and the effective mass shows that the three-body force affects to a limited extent such properties.
description: 12 pages 7 figures
MOESM1 of Heterogeneity in HIV and cellular transcription profiles in cell line models of latent and productive infection: implications for HIV latency
Creators: name: Sushama Telwatte
name: Morón-López, Sara
name: Aran, Dvir
name: Kim, Peggy
name: Hsieh, Christine
name: Joshi, Sunil
name: Montano, Mauricio
name: Greene, Warner
name: Butte, Atul
name: Wong, Joseph
name: Yukl, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Bulk cell HIV DNA and RNA levels. A Total HIV DNA copies per million cells (normalized by DNA mass). B Total HIV DNA copies per million cells (normalized by TERT). C HIV RNA levels normalized to million cells (by DNA mass). D Cell-associated HIV RNA copies per provirus, as normalized by ratio of each HIV RNA to the corresponding HIV DNA region. For PBMCs, CD4+ T cells, and activated CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected ART-suppressed individuals (B, C), each individual is shown as a dot, the column height indicates the median, and bars represent 25–75%.
Fluxes in Heterotic and Type II String Compactifications
Creators: name: Curio, Gottfried
name: Klemm, Albrecht
name: Kors, Boris
name: Lust, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider heterotic compactifications on K3 x T2 as well as type II compactifications on K3-fibred Calabi-Yau spaces with certain fluxes for the gauge and RR field strengths F and H turned on. By providing an identification of corresponding fluxes we show that the well-known N=2 heterotic/type II string-string duality still holds for a subset of all possible fluxes, namely those which arise from six-dimensional gauge fields with internal magnetic flux on the common two-sphere P1, which is the base space of the type II K3-fibration. On the other hand, F- and H-fluxes without P1-support, such as heterotic F-fluxes on the torus T2 or type II H-fluxes on cycles of the K3-fibre cannot be matched in any simple way, which is a challenge for heterotic/type II string-string duality. Our analysis is based on the comparison of terms in the effective low-energy heterotic and type II actions which are induced by the fluxes, such as the Green-Schwarz couplings related to flux-induced U(1) anomalies, the effective superpotential and the Fayet-Iliopoulos scalar potential.
description: 27 pages, latex, replaced version with additional refs
Layer-Wise Relevance Propagation for Explaining Deep Neural Network Decisions in MRI-Based Alzheimer's Disease Classification
Creators: name: Böhle, Moritz
name: Eitel, Fabian
name: Weygandt, Martin
name: Ritter, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Alzheimer’s disease
subject: MRI
subject: visualization
subject: explainability
subject: layer-wise relevance propagation
subject: deep learning
subject: convolutional neural networks (CNN)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Deep neural networks have led to state-of-the-art results in many medical imaging tasks including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) detection based on structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. However, the network decisions are often perceived as being highly non-transparent, making it difficult to apply these algorithms in clinical routine. In this study, we propose using layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) to visualize convolutional neural network decisions for AD based on MRI data. Similarly to other visualization methods, LRP produces a heatmap in the input space indicating the importance/relevance of each voxel contributing to the final classification outcome. In contrast to susceptibility maps produced by guided backpropagation (“Which change in voxels would change the outcome most?”), the LRP method is able to directly highlight positive contributions to the network classification in the input space. In particular, we show that (1) the LRP method is very specific for individuals (“Why does this person have AD?”) with high inter-patient variability, (2) there is very little relevance for AD in healthy controls and (3) areas that exhibit a lot of relevance correlate well with what is known from literature. To quantify the latter, we compute size-corrected metrics of the summed relevance per brain area, e.g., relevance density or relevance gain. Although these metrics produce very individual “fingerprints” of relevance patterns for AD patients, a lot of importance is put on areas in the temporal lobe including the hippocampus. After discussing several limitations such as sensitivity toward the underlying model and computation parameters, we conclude that LRP might have a high potential to assist clinicians in explaining neural network decisions for diagnosing AD (and potentially other diseases) based on structural MRI data.