cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Laser Processing for Manufacturing of High Efficiency and Thin Silicon Solar Cells Status of the European Eurogia+ LAPSIS Project
Creators: name: Le Quang, N.
name: Gall, S.
name: Lerat, J.-F.
name: Emeraud, T.
name: Slaoui, A.
name: Mermet, F.
name: Bahouka, A.
name: Gauthier, M.
name: John, J.
name: Kim-Hak, O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2063-2067
description: The goal of Eurogia+ founded LAPSIS project is to develop and apply laser processes in to the production of
thin crystalline silicon solar cells based on a passivated emitter and rear locally diffused (PERL) solar cell structure. The
complex and expensive steps to form this type of solar cells will be replaced by laser related processes. The overall objective
is to offer a complete solution for large volume and low cost production of high efficiency silicon solar cells by combined
effect of wafer thickness reduction and solar cell performance improvement. During the first eighteen months of LAPSIS
project, several adapted laser irradiation strategies for the realization of advanced front and back side structures of crystalline
silicon solar cells were suggested. The innovative processes have been investigated and they are identified as good candidates
for replacement of standard process. Short loop solar cells with selective emitter, advanced ECD metallization and boron-
BSF are now underway of optimization and evaluation. In parallel we have defined laser system specifications based on
industrial requirement and finalized the preparation of a prototype equipment which is ready to perform the tests since the second year of the project. This facilitates the real evaluation of process robustness and production cost. The selected
processes will be integrated in a full process flow for high efficiency solar cell production on thin silicon substrates.
First principles design of 2 dimensional Nickel dichalcogenide Janus materials NiXY (X,Y=S,Se,Te)
Creators: name: Sengupta, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we propose novel two-dimensional (2D) Janus Ni dichalcogenide materials and explore their feasibility, stability and evaluate their electronic and optical properties with ab-initio calculations. Three unique Janus materials, namely NiSSe, NiSTe and NiSeTe, based on the 2H hexagonal polytype of NiS2, NiSe2 and NiTe2 were proposed. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations, show that among the three proposed NiXY Janus 2D materials, NiSSe had the best energetic and dynamical stability. GGA PBE calculations showed NiSSe to have a semi-metallic bandstructure with the Ni-Se interaction having a dominant role in the band profile near the Fermi energy. Electron localization function (ELF) and total potential plots show a distinguishable asymmetry in terms of valence electron localization and distribution between the S and Se atoms in 2D NiSSe. The presence of large amount of electron gas like feature in the ELF around the chalcogen atoms also indicates their importance in the conduction properties. Optical properties calculated with random phase approximation (RPA) show the 2D NiSSe to have broad spectrum optical response with significant peaks lying in each of the infra-red, visible and the ultraviolet range of the spectra.
description: 9 pages, 5 Figures, 2 tables
Additional file 13 of Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
Creators: name: Logares, Ramiro
name: Deutschmann, Ina M.
name: Junger, Pedro C.
name: Giner, Caterina R.
name: Krabberød, Anders K.
name: Schmidt, Thomas S. B.
name: Rubinat-Ripoll, Laura
name: Mestre, Mireia
name: Salazar, Guillem
name: Ruiz-González, Clara
name: Sebastián, Marta
name: de Vargas, Colomban
name: Acinas, Silvia G.
name: Duarte, Carlos M.
name: Gasol, Josep M.
name: Massana, Ramon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Figure S7. Percentage of OTUs-99% significantly associated to different environmental variables (MIC > 0.4) [left] and their corresponding contribution to total sequence abundance (i.e. percentage of reads) [right] in the Malaspina dataset. NB: Temperature, Oxygen, Conductivity and Salinity are correlated. OTUs can be associated to more than one variable.
Breath of Life: Heart Disease Link to Developmental Hypoxia.
Creators: name: Giussani, Dino
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: fetus
hypoxia
mitochondria
oxidative stress

description: Heart disease remains one of the greatest killers. In addition to genetics and traditional lifestyle risk factors, we now understand that adverse conditions during pregnancy can also increase susceptibility to cardiovascular disease in the offspring. Therefore, the mechanisms by which this occurs and possible preventative therapies are of significant contemporary interest to the cardiovascular community. A common suboptimal pregnancy condition is a sustained reduction in fetal oxygenation. Chronic fetal hypoxia results from any pregnancy with increased placental vascular resistance, such as in preeclampsia, placental infection, or maternal obesity. Chronic fetal hypoxia may also arise during pregnancy at high altitude or because of maternal respiratory disease. This article reviews the short- and long-term effects of hypoxia on the fetal cardiovascular system, and the importance of chronic fetal hypoxia in triggering a developmental origin of future heart disease in the adult progeny. The work summarizes evidence derived from human studies as well as from rodent, avian, and ovine models. There is a focus on the discovery of the molecular link between prenatal hypoxia, oxidative stress, and increased cardiovascular risk in adult offspring. Discussion of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant therapy offers potential targets for clinical intervention in human pregnancy complicated by chronic fetal hypoxia.
description: The work is supported by The British Heart Foundation (RG/17/8/32924) and the Medical Research Council UK (MR/V03362X/1).
Prospects of Open Charm Production at GSI-FAIR and J-PARC
Creators: name: Riedl, J.
name: Schafer, A.
name: Stratmann, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed phenomenological study of the prospects of open charm physics at the future $\bar{p}p$ and $pp$ facilities GSI-FAIR and J-PARC, respectively. In particular, we concentrate on differential cross sections and the charge and longitudinal double-spin asymmetries at next-to-leading order accuracy. Theoretical uncertainties for the proposed observables are estimated by varying the charm quark mass and the renormalization and factorization scales.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Correlated Deep Q-learning based Microgrid Energy Management
Creators: name: Zhou, Hao
name: Erol-Kantarci, Melike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Microgrid (MG) energy management is an important part of MG operation. Various entities are generally involved in the energy management of an MG, e.g., energy storage system (ESS), renewable energy resources (RER) and the load of users, and it is crucial to coordinate these entities. Considering the significant potential of machine learning techniques, this paper proposes a correlated deep Q-learning (CDQN) based technique for the MG energy management. Each electrical entity is modeled as an agent which has a neural network to predict its own Q-values, after which the correlated Q-equilibrium is used to coordinate the operation among agents. In this paper, the Long Short Term Memory networks (LSTM) based deep Q-learning algorithm is introduced and the correlated equilibrium is proposed to coordinate agents. The simulation result shows 40.9% and 9.62% higher profit for ESS agent and photovoltaic (PV) agent, respectively.
description: Accepted by 2020 IEEE 25th International Workshop on CAMAD, 978-1-7281-6339-0/20/$31.00 \copyright 2020 IEEE
What Manufacturers and Distributors Need to Know about their Customers. A Comprehensive Survey of PV Installers
Creators: name: Muehlhausen, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Markets

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4609-4611
description: PV installers are the most important target group in the sales and distribution model of the PV industry.
They build the interface towards the end customers and they are the ones that make the decision which brands are
used in an installation. That is why it is critical to the manufacturer’s business success to win the loyalty of the PV
installers.
The more manufacturers know about the demand and the desires of the PV installers, the better they can tailor their
activities to their needs. That is the basis for successful marketing activities to really develop the market.
Apel + Hoyer made an online survey in August 2012 and asked 150 PV installers in Germany about their experience
with end customers and what they ecpect from manufacturers of PV modules, inverters and mounting systems as well
as distributors. In addition Apel + Hoyer carried out in-depth telephone interviews with PV installers to learn more
about the reasons behind their answers.
Result of the survey is a sound overview on how PV installers see their business relationships with manufacturers and
distributors on the one side of the business and how they interact with prospects and customers on the other side. A
detailed report with all results of the survey will be published in a new study that is available from Apel + Hoyer
(www.apel-hoyer.de).
Carbon- and Environmental Footprinting of Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: De Wild-Scholten, M.
name: Van Der Meulen, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
Sustainability Aspects

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4374-4378
description: Upcoming building regulations in the framework of sustainable building policy will require reliable,
producer-specific data on the environmental profile of PV products. Carbon footprinting is an important aspect of
environmental sustainability reporting but a fair comparison can only be made when all environmental footprints of a
product are taken into account. Also different LCA databases (for example ecoinvent, Gabi and ELCD) will generate
different results. Many PV module producers have performed a carbon footprint analysis but because various
methodologies and assumptions are used a good comparison is not possible. ISO 14067-1 is the internationally leading
(draft) standard for carbon footprinting of products. No Product Footprint Category Rules (PFCR) or Product Category
Rules (PCRs) for Photovoltaics exist and it is recommended to use IEA PVPS task 12 guidelines. New LCA data for
commercial production of crystalline silicon-, amorphous silicon, CIGS and CdTe glass-based PV modules are compiled
and show decreased power and material consumption.
Additional file 19 of Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
Creators: name: Logares, Ramiro
name: Deutschmann, Ina M.
name: Junger, Pedro C.
name: Giner, Caterina R.
name: Krabberød, Anders K.
name: Schmidt, Thomas S. B.
name: Rubinat-Ripoll, Laura
name: Mestre, Mireia
name: Salazar, Guillem
name: Ruiz-González, Clara
name: Sebastián, Marta
name: de Vargas, Colomban
name: Acinas, Silvia G.
name: Duarte, Carlos M.
name: Gasol, Josep M.
name: Massana, Ramon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 19: Figure S10. Phylogenetic signal was detected across short phylogenetic distances for both the 16S and 18S rRNA-gene markers as indicated by phylogenetic mantel correlograms (Malaspina dataset). Phylogenetic signal was tested using temperature and fluorescence, the two variables that explain the highest fraction of community variance. Solid and open squares indicate significant and nonsignificant (using p=0.05) correlations respectively between environmental similarity (in terms of temperature and fluorescence) and phylogenetic relatedness. Correlations that are significantly positive indicate that the phylogenetic distance between OTUs-99% increases as environmental similarity decreases for the phylogenetic range being analysed. Phylogenetic distances were measured as abundance-weighted β-Mean Nearest Taxon Distances (βMNTD).
Decentralized Microgrid Energy Management: A Multi-agent Correlated Q-learning Approach
Creators: name: Zhou, Hao
name: Erol-Kantarci, Melike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Microgrids (MG) are anticipated to be important players in the future smart grid. For proper operation of MGs an Energy Management System (EMS) is essential. The EMS of an MG could be rather complicated when renewable energy resources (RER), energy storage system (ESS) and demand side management (DSM) need to be orchestrated. Furthermore, these systems may belong to different entities and competition may exist between them. Nash equilibrium is most commonly used for coordination of such entities however the convergence and existence of Nash equilibrium can not always be guaranteed. To this end, we use the correlated equilibrium to coordinate agents, whose convergence can be guaranteed. In this paper, we build an energy trading model based on mid-market rate, and propose a correlated Q-learning (CEQ) algorithm to maximize the revenue of each agent. Our results show that CEQ is able to balance the revenue of agents without harming total benefit. In addition, compared with Q-learning without correlation, CEQ could save 19.3% cost for the DSM agent and 44.2% more benefits for the ESS agent.
description: Accepted by 2020 IEEE International Conference on SmartGridComm, 978-1-7281-6127-3/20/$31.00 copyright 2020 IEEE
Additional file 5 of Why is women’s utilization of a publicly funded health insurance low?: a qualitative study in Tamil Nadu, India
Creators: name: RamPrakash, Rajalakshmi
name: Lingam, Lakshmi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 5. In-Depth Interview Guidelines for men and women. Guidelines used by first author during in-depth interviews with men and women.
Analytical Estimations of the Chromaticity and Corrections to the Spin Precession Frequency in Weak Focusing Magnetic Storage Rings
Creators: name: Kim, On
name: Semertzidis, Yannis K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding beam and spin dynamics are fundamental in accelerator physics, and there has been growing interest in having more precise estimations of the beam and spin dynamics variables, as more high precision particle physics experiments in the Intensity Frontier appear. The present paper provides analytical estimations of some of the important variables such as beam transverse chromaticities and the spin precession frequency bias in the simplest type of particle accelerator: a circular magnetic storage ring with weak vertical focusing. We attempt to precisely obtain the next order approximations from the small betatron oscillations or the momentum dispersion, verified by high precision spin tracking simulation. We also discuss a potential way to suppress the spin precession frequency bias which relevant experiments may find beneficial.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
The X-ray Pulse Profile of BG CMi
Creators: name: Choi, Chul-Sung
name: Dotani, Tadayasu
name: Kim, Yonggi
name: Ryu, Dongsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the X-ray data of a magnetic cataclysmic variable, BG CMi, obtained with ROSAT in March 1992 and with ASCA in April 1996. We show that four peaks clearly exist in the X-ray pulse profile, unlike a single peak found in the optical profile. The fluxes of two major pulses are $\sim 2 - 5$ times larger than those of two minor pulses. The fraction of the total pulsed flux increases from 51% to 85% with increasing energy in 0.1 $-$ 2.0 keV, whereas it decreases from 96% to 22% in 0.8 $-$ 10 keV. We discuss the implications of our findings for the origin of the pulse profile and its energy dependence.
description: To appear in New Astronomy
Radiation Degradation of Multijunction III-V Solar Cells and Prediction of their Lifetime
Creators: name: Andreev, V.M.
name: Emelyanov, V.M.
name: Chosta, O.I.
name: Lantratov, V.M.
name: Shvarts, M.Z.
name: Timoshina, N.K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Solar Cells, Modules and PV Systems for Space Applications

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 169-174
description: Degradation of multijunction GaInP/Ga(In)As/Ge solar cells under irradiation by 3 MeV electrons has
been investigated. The dependencies of minority charge carrier life time on the 3 MeV electron fluence (up to
2·1015 cm–2) have been calculated from the spectral characteristics of GaInP and Ga(In)As subcells experimentally
obtained in their base layers, and the damage coefficients have been determined. Comparison of the obtained
coefficients with literature data for 1 MeV electrons has been performed. It has been shown that the increase of the
damage coefficients with the electron energy cannot be explained only by the increasing number of created defects.
An approach to describe the dependence of the damage coefficient of a material on the acting particle energy based
on the Kinchin-Pease model and on the hypothesis on formation of defects of multiple types in the solar cell
structure, the ratio of concentrations of which is proportional to the particle energy. An analysis of the effect of
deviation of the radiation action from the rated one on the SC resource limited by the preset decrease of its efficiency
has been done.
An experimental review of open heavy flavor and quarkonium production at RHIC
Creators: name: Tang, Zebo
name: Zha, Wangmei
name: Zhang, Yifei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Open heavy flavor and quarkonium are unique probes of the hot-dense medium produced in heavy-ion collisions. Their production in p+p collisions also provide important test of QCD. In this paper, we review the selected results on open heavy flavor and quarkonium in p+p and heavy-ion collisions achieved at RHIC. Physics implications are also discussed.
description: 29 pages, 30 figures
Additional file 1 of Offering mental health first aid to a person experiencing psychosis: a Delphi study to redevelop the guidelines published in 2008
Creators: name: Fairlie A. Cottrill
name: Bond, Kathy S.
name: Blee, Fiona L.
name: Kelly, Claire M.
name: Kitchener, Betty A.
name: Jorm, Anthony F.
name: Reavley, Nicola J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Round 1 Survey.
USE OF INNOVATIVE PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN PEDAGOGICAL EDUCATION
Creators: name: Otajanov, Islom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article describes the essence of the use of innovative pedagogical technologies in education and its role and importance in improving the quality of education. Also, this article discusses the effectiveness of using innovative pedagogical technologies in the educational process and offers suggestions for a new approach to the educational process in higher education institutions.
Nox-Free Solution for Emitter Etch-Back
Creators: name: Lachowicz, A.
name: Ramspeck, K.
name: Roth, P.
name: Manole, M.
name: Blanke, H.
name: Hefner, W.
name: Brouwer, E.
name: Schum, B.
name: Metz, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1846-1850
description: In this paper a novel wet etching solution for emitter etch-back, based on hydrofluoric acid and
persulfate, is characterised. The etch rate of this solution is strongly dependent on dopant concentration with an
average of 25 nm/min for highly doped emitter surface and below 1 nm/min for lowly doped substrates. The etch rate
at a certain dopant concentration is determined by correlation of the removed emitter layer, derived from weight loss,
to the emitter profile analysed by secondary ion mass spectroscopy.
Through etch-back the highly doped layer is removed, thus recombination losses at the emitter surface are reduced.
The improved emitter quality is confirmed by reduced emitter saturation current density with measured values below
30 fA/cm² and corresponding implied open circuit voltages exceeding 690 mV.
Standard nitric acid based and new etching processes are compared on cell level with NiCu electroplated front
contacts as well as with screen printed contacts using a silver paste for lightly doped emitters, both with passivated
rear side. On p-type Cz substrates conversion efficiency of 21,0% has been achieved with a homogenous, etched-back
emitter and screen printed silver metallisation. For a cell with electroplated NiCu contacts conversion efficiency of
20,9% has been confirmed
The design and performance of the ZEUS Micro Vertex detector
Creators: name: Polini, A.
name: Brock, I.
name: Goers, S.
name: Kappes, A.
name: Katz, U. F.
name: Hilger, E.
name: Rautenberg, J.
name: Weber, A.
name: Mastroberardino, A.
name: Tassi, E.
name: Adler, V.
name: Bauerdick, L. A. T.
name: Bloch, I.
name: Haas, T.
name: Klein, U.
name: Koetz, U.
name: Kramberger, G.
name: Lobodzinska, E.
name: Mankel, R.
name: Ng, J.
name: Notz, D.
name: Petrucci, M. C.
name: Surrow, B.
name: Watt, G.
name: Youngman, C.
name: Zeuner, W.
name: Coldewey, C.
name: Heller, R.
name: Gallo, E.
name: Carli, T.
name: Chiochia, V.
name: Dannheim, D.
name: Fretwurst, E.
name: Garfagnini, A.
name: Klanner, R.
name: Koppitz, B.
name: Martens, J.
name: Milite, M.
name: Tokushuku, K.
name: Redondo, I.
name: Boterenbrood, H.
name: Koffeman, E.
name: Kooijman, P.
name: Maddox, E.
name: Tiecke, H.
name: Vazquez, M.
name: Velthuis, J.
name: Wiggers, L.
name: Devenish, R. C. E.
name: Dawson, M.
name: Ferrando, J.
name: Grzelak, G.
name: Korcsak-Gorzo, K.
name: Matsushita, T.
name: Oliver, K.
name: Shield, P.
name: Walczak, R.
name: Bertolin, A.
name: Borsato, E.
name: Carlin, R.
name: Corso, F. Dal
name: Longhin, A.
name: Turcato, M.
name: Fusayasu, T.
name: Hori, R.
name: Kohno, T.
name: Shimizu, S.
name: Larsen, H. E.
name: Sacchi, R.
name: Staiano, A.
name: Arneodo, M.
name: Ruspa, M.
name: Butterworth, J.
name: Gwenlan, C.
name: Fraser, J.
name: Hayes, D.
name: Hayes, M.
name: Lane, J.
name: Nixon, G.
name: Postranecky, M.
name: Sutton, M.
name: Warren, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to extend the tracking acceptance, to improve the primary and secondary vertex reconstruction and thus enhancing the tagging capabilities for short lived particles, the ZEUS experiment at the HERA Collider at DESY installed a silicon strip vertex detector. The barrel part of the detector is a 63 cm long cylinder with silicon sensors arranged around an elliptical beampipe. The forward part consists of four circular shaped disks. In total just over 200k channels are read out using $2.9 {\rm m^2}$ of silicon. In this report a detailed overview of the design and construction of the detector is given and the performance of the completed system is reviewed.
Universal conductance scaling of Andreev reflections using a dissipative probe
Creators: name: Liu, Donghao
name: Zhang, Gu
name: Cao, Zhan
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Liu, Dong E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Majorana search is caught up in an extensive debate about the false-positive signals from non-topological Andreev bound states (ABSs). We introduce a remedy using the dissipative probe to generate electron-boson interaction. We theoretically show that the interaction-induced renormalization leads to significantly distinct universal zero-bias conductance behaviors, i.e. distinct characteristic power-law in temperature, for different types of Andreev reflections, which shows a sharp contrast to that of a Majorana zero mode. Various specific cases have been studied, including the cases that two charges involved in an Andreev reflection process maintain/lose coherence, and the cases for multiple ABSs with or without a Majorana present. A transparent list of conductance features in each case is provided to help distinguishing the observed subgap states in experiments, which also promotes the identification of Majorana zero modes.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 talbe, with text, figures and reference updated
Simplified Renormalizable $T^{'}$ Model for Tribimaximal Mixing and Cabibbo Angle
Creators: name: Frampton, Paul H.
name: Kephart, Thomas W.
name: Matsuzaki, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a simplified renormalizable model where the neutrinos have PMNS (Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata) mixings tan$^{2} θ_{12} = {1/2}, θ_{13}=0, θ_{23} = π/4$ and with flavor symmetry $T^{'}$ there is a corresponding prediction where the quarks have CKM (Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa) mixings tan$2 Θ_{12} = \frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}, Θ_{13}=0, Θ_{23} =0$.
description: Further typos corrected
Additional file 2 of Offering mental health first aid to a person experiencing psychosis: a Delphi study to redevelop the guidelines published in 2008
Creators: name: Fairlie A. Cottrill
name: Bond, Kathy S.
name: Blee, Fiona L.
name: Kelly, Claire M.
name: Kitchener, Betty A.
name: Jorm, Anthony F.
name: Reavley, Nicola J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2. Round 2 Survey.
O(3) Flavor Symmetry and an Empirical Neutrino Mass Matrix
Creators: name: Koide, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a new approach to quark and lepton masses, where the mass spectra originate in vacuum expectation values of O(3)-flavor 1+5 (gauge singlet) scalars, a neutrino mass matrix of a new type is speculated. The mass matrix is described in terms of the up-quark and charged lepton masses, and, by assuming a special flavor basis, it can be accommodated to a nearly tribimaximal mixing without explicitly assuming a discrete symmetry. Quark mass relations are also discussed based on the new approach.
description: 9 pages, no figure, title changed, version to appear in Phys.Lett.B
Frequency-selective single photon detection using a double quantum dot
Creators: name: Gustavsson, S.
name: Studer, M.
name: Leturcq, R.
name: Ihn, T.
name: Ensslin, K.
name: Driscoll, D. C.
name: Gossard, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a double quantum dot as a frequency-tunable on-chip microwave detector to investigate the radiation from electron shot-noise in a near-by quantum point contact. The device is realized by monitoring the inelastic tunneling of electrons between the quantum dots due to photon absorption. The frequency of the absorbed radiation is set by the energy separation between the dots, which is easily tuned with gate voltages. Using time-resolved charge detection techniques, we can directly relate the detection of a tunneling electron to the absorption of a single photon.
Additional file 3 of Offering mental health first aid to a person experiencing psychosis: a Delphi study to redevelop the guidelines published in 2008
Creators: name: Fairlie A. Cottrill
name: Bond, Kathy S.
name: Blee, Fiona L.
name: Kelly, Claire M.
name: Kitchener, Betty A.
name: Jorm, Anthony F.
name: Reavley, Nicola J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3. Round 3 Survey.
Phase Transitions in Ehrenfest Urns Model with Interactions: Coexistence of uniform and non-uniform states
Creators: name: Cheng, Chi-Ho
name: Gemao, Beverly
name: Lai, Pik-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model based on the classic non-interacting Ehrenfest urn model with two-urns is generalized to $M$ urns with the introduction of interactions for particles within the same urn. As the inter-particle interaction strength is varied, phases of different levels of non-uniformity emerge and their stabilities are calculated analytically. In particular, coexistence of locally stable uniform and non-uniform phases connected by first-order transition occurs. The phase transition threshold and energy barrier can be derived exactly together with the phase diagram obtained analytically. These analytic results are further confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Pressure-induced dimensional crossover in a kagome superconductor
Creators: name: Yu, Fanghang
name: Zhu, Xudong
name: Wen, Xikai
name: Gui, Zhigang
name: Li, Zeyu
name: Han, Yulei
name: Wu, Tao
name: Wang, Zhenyu
name: Xiang, Ziji
name: Qiao, Zhenhua
name: Ying, Jianjun
name: Chen, Xianhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 exhibit tantalizing high-pressure phase diagrams, in which a new dome-like superconducting phase emerges under moderate pressure. However, its origin is as yet unknown. Here, we carried out the high-pressure electrical measurements up to 150 GPa, together with the high-pressure X-ray diffraction measurements and first-principles calculations on CsV3Sb5. We find the new superconducting phase to be rather robust and inherently linked to the interlayer Sb2-Sb2 interactions. The formation of Sb2-Sb2 bonds at high pressure tunes the system from two-dimensional to three-dimensional and pushes the Pz orbital of Sb2 upward across the Fermi level, resulting in enhanced density of states and increase of TC. Our work demonstrates that the dimensional crossover at high pressure can induce a topological phase transition and is related to the abnormal high-pressure TC evolution. Our findings should apply for other layered materials.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Frailty and cerebrovascular disease: Concepts and clinical implications for stroke medicine.
Creators: name: Evans, Nicholas
name: Todd, Oliver M
name: Minhas, Jatinder S
name: Fearon, Patricia
name: Harston, George W
name: Mant, Jonathan
name: Mead, Gillian
name: Hewitt, Jonathan
name: Quinn, Terence J
name: Warburton, Liz
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Frailty is a distinctive health state in which the ability of older people to cope with acute stressors is compromised by an increased vulnerability brought by age-associated declines in physiological reserve and function across multiple organ systems. Although closely associated with age, multimorbidity, and disability, frailty is a discrete syndrome that is associated with poorer outcomes across a range of medical conditions. However, its role in cerebrovascular disease and stroke has received limited attention. The estimated rise in the prevalence of frailty associated with changing demographics over the coming decades makes it an important issue for stroke practitioners, cerebrovascular research, clinical service provision, and stroke survivors alike. This review will consider the concept and models of frailty, how frailty is common in cerebrovascular disease, the impact of frailty on stroke risk factors, acute treatments, and rehabilitation, and considerations for future applications in both cerebrovascular clinical and research settings.
Empirical determination of atomic line parameters of the 1.5 $μ$m spectral region
Creators: name: Arjona, J. C. Trelles
name: Cobo, B. Ruiz
name: González, M. J. Martínez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both the quality and amount of astrophysical data are steadily increasing over time owing to the improvement of telescopes and their instruments. This requires corresponding evolution of the techniques used for obtaining and analyzing the resulting data. The infrared spectral range at 1.56 $μ$m usually observed by the GRegor Infrared Spectrograph (GRIS) at the GREGOR solar telescope has a width of around 30 $Å$ and includes at least 15 spectral lines. Normally, only a handful of spectral lines (five at most) are used in studies using GRIS because of the lack of atomic parameters for the others. Including more spectral lines may alleviate some of the known ambiguities between solar atmospheric parameters. We used inversion techniques to infer both solar atmospheric models and the atomic parameters of spectral lines which, under the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) approximation, reproduce spectropolarimetric observations. We present accurate atomic parameters for 15 spectral lines within the spectral range from 15644 $Å$ to 15674 $Å$. This spectral range is commonly used in solar studies because it enables the study of the low photosphere. Moreover, the infrared spectral lines are better tracers of the magnetic fields than the optical ones.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Discovery of two infrared objects with strong ice absorption in the AKARI slit-less spectroscopic survey of the Galactic Plane
Creators: name: Onaka, Takashi
name: Kimura, Tomoyuki
name: Sakon, Itsuki
name: Shimonishi, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discover two infrared objects that show deep absorption features of H2O, CO2, and CO ices in the AKARI/Infrared Camera (IRC) slit-less spectroscopic survey of the Galactic plane in 2.5--13 micron. Both objects are located neither in known star-forming regions nor in known dense clouds. For one of the objects, Object 1, we successfully extract a spectrum from 2.5 to 13 micron, which also shows several absorption features in 5--13 micron, including deep silicate absorption at 10 micron. For the other object, Object 2, only a spectrum from 3.1 to 5 micron is reliably extracted due to the presence of nearby overlapping objects and faint nebulosity. Both objects show warm (>100 K) CO gas absorption in addition to the ice absorption features, suggesting that they are embedded young stellar objects (YSOs). On the other hand, both objects have spectral energy distributions (SEDs) that peak at around 5 micron and decrease towards longer wavelengths. These characteristics of the SEDs and the presence of deep absorption features cannot easily be accounted for by standard YSO models. They may be explained as background stars behind dense clouds. We discuss possible nature of the objects and implications of the present discovery.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables
Perturbation Expansion for Option Pricing with Stochastic Volatility
Creators: name: Jizba, Petr
name: Kleinert, Hagen
name: Haener, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fit the volatility fluctuations of the S&P 500 index well by a Chi distribution, and the distribution of log-returns by a corresponding superposition of Gaussian distributions. The Fourier transform of this is, remarkably, of the Tsallis type. An option pricing formula is derived from the same superposition of Black-Scholes expressions. An explicit analytic formula is deduced from a perturbation expansion around a Black-Scholes formula with the mean volatility. The expansion has two parts. The first takes into account the non-Gaussian character of the stock-fluctuations and is organized by powers of the excess kurtosis, the second is contract based, and is organized by the moments of moneyness of the option. With this expansion we show that for the Dow Jones Euro Stoxx 50 option data, a Delta-hedging strategy is close to being optimal.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures, LaTeX4
Vaccine escape in a heterogeneous population: insights for SARS-CoV-2 from a simple model.
Creators: name: Gog, Julia
name: Hill, Edward M
name: Danon, Leon
name: Thompson, Robin N
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: As a countermeasure to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there has been swift development and clinical trial assessment of candidate vaccines, with subsequent deployment as part of mass vaccination campaigns. However, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has demonstrated the ability to mutate and develop variants, which can modify epidemiological properties and potentially also the effectiveness of vaccines. The widespread deployment of highly effective vaccines may rapidly exert selection pressure on the SARS-CoV-2 virus directed towards mutations that escape the vaccine-induced immune response. This is particularly concerning while infection is widespread. By developing and analysing a mathematical model of two population groupings with differing vulnerability and contact rates, we explore the impact of the deployment of vaccines among the population on the reproduction ratio, cases, disease abundance and vaccine escape pressure. The results from this model illustrate two insights: (i) vaccination aimed at reducing prevalence could be more effective at reducing disease than directly vaccinating the vulnerable; (ii) the highest risk for vaccine escape can occur at intermediate levels of vaccination. This work demonstrates a key principle: the careful targeting of vaccines towards particular population groups could reduce disease as much as possible while limiting the risk of vaccine escape.
Vortex jamming in superconductors and granular rheology
Creators: name: Yoshino, Hajime
name: Nogawa, Tomoaki
name: Kim, Bongsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that a highly frustrated anisotropic Josephson junction array(JJA) on a square lattice exhibits a zero-temperature jamming transition, which shares much in common with those in granular systems. Anisotropy of the Josephson couplings along the horizontal and vertical directions plays roles similar to normal load or density in granular systems. We studied numerically static and dynamic response of the system against shear, i. e. injection of external electric current at zero temperature. Current-voltage curves at various strength of the anisotropy exhibit universal scaling features around the jamming point much as do the flow curves in granular rheology, shear-stress vs shear-rate. It turns out that at zero temperature the jamming transition occurs right at the isotropic coupling and anisotropic JJA behaves as an exotic fragile vortex matter : it behaves as superconductor (vortex glass) into one direction while normal conductor (vortex liquid) into the other direction even at zero temperature. Furthermore we find a variant of the theoretical model for the anisotropic JJA quantitatively reproduces universal master flow-curves of the granular systems. Our results suggest an unexpected common paradigm stretching over seemingly unrelated fields - the rheology of soft materials and superconductivity.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. To appear in New Journal of Physics
Inflation with $0 \leq c_{\rm s} \leq 1$
Creators: name: Gorji, Mohammad Ali
name: Motohashi, Hayato
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a novel single field inflationary scenario which allows a transition between a slow-roll k-inflation with $c_{\rm s}$ of order unity and a ghost inflation with $ c_{\rm s} \simeq 0$, where $ c_{\rm s}$ is the sound speed for the curvature perturbations. We unify the two phases smoothly by appropriately taking into account a higher derivative scordatura term, which is always there from the effective field theory point of view but which becomes important only in the $c_{\rm s} \simeq 0$ regime. The model achieves the whole range of $0 \leq c_{\rm s} \leq 1$ avoiding strong coupling and gradient instability, and allows us to access the $c_{\rm s} \simeq 0$ regime in a self-consistent manner. We also discuss implications to the formation of primordial black holes.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, matches published version
Study on Light-Soaking Degradation and Damp Heat Tests for Cat-CVD SiNx/a-Si Stacked Passivation Films Realizing Extremely Low Surface Recombination Velocity
Creators: name: Koyama, K.
name: Goto, T.
name: Ohdaira, K.
name: Matsumura, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2007-2009
description: Stability under light soaking and damp-heat tests is investigated for crystalline silicon samples coated
with silicon-nitride (SiNx) and amorphous-silicon (a-Si) stacked layers, both prepared by Cat-CVD (Hot-Wire CVD).
Surface recombination velocity of the samples is almost unchanged after 1000 min at least for light soaking test.
Results of damp-heat test indicate that quality of SiNx/a-Si stacked passivation is stable for 10^9 years.
W-infinity Symmetry in the Quantum Hall Effect Beyond the Edge
Creators: name: Cappelli, Andrea
name: Maffi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The description of chiral quantum incompressible fluids by the W-infinity symmetry can be extended from the edge, where it encompasses the conformal field theory approach, to the non-conformal bulk. The two regimes are characterized by excitations with different sizes, energies and momenta within the disk geometry. In particular, the bulk quantities have a finite limit for large droplets. We obtain analytic results for the radial shape of excitations, the edge reconstruction phenomenon and the energy spectrum of density fluctuations in Laughlin states.
description: 45 pages, 11 figures
Faddeev-Senjanovic Quantization of Supersymmetrical Electrodynamical System
Creators: name: Jiang, Yun-Guo
name: Huang, Yong-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the method of path integral quantization for the canonical constrained system in Faddeev-Senjanovic scheme, we quantize the supersymmetrical electrodynamic system in general situation, and obtain the generating functional of Green function. Another first class constraint is obtained by making the linear combination of several primary constraints, the generator of gauge transformation is constructed, gauge transformations of the all different fields are deduced. Utilizing the consistency equation of gauge fixing condition we deduce another gauge fixing condition, and we find that the secondary constraint of the system is an Euler-Lagrange equation that is just electro-charge conversation law. Thus, we do not need to calculate the other secondary constraints step by step, and get no new constraints naturally. So, the Faddeev-Senjanovic path integral quantization of the supersymmetrical electrodynamical system is simplified.
description: 7 pages
Applications of DC/DC Converters for Obtaining Characteristic Curves of PV Generators
Creators: name: Bertolín, J.C.
name: Fuentes, M.
name: Muñoz, J.V.
name: De La Casa Higueras, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3254-3258
description: This paper presents a prototype for tracing the I-V curve of photovoltaic generators under sunlight. The
prototype is based on DC/DC converters. The results during the validation phase have been obtained in the research
laboratories of the IDEA Group at University of Jaén. The buck-boost converters have the quality to change their
impedance between extreme values (0,∞) according to its regime work. This property allows to obtain the I-V curve
of a PV generator for its electrical characterization. This paper proposes a method which is possible to get a full
control over the operation point of the PV generator. Besides, the prototype allows to control the sweep speed, in
order to minimize the associated effects with transitional arrangements which may disturb the measurement. The
electronic load prototype, based on DC/DC converters, has been tested with calibrated photovoltaic modules, the
results have been compared with two measurement systems already checked: a commercial equipment and a
handmade capacity load built by IDEA research group of University of Jaén. According to the requirements described
in ISO 5725 an accuracy study among the three systems has been carried out.