cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Deep Learning to Quantify Uncertainty in Air Quality Forecasting
Creators: name: Murad, Abdulmajid
name: Kraemer, Frank Alexander
name: Bach, Kerstin
name: Taylor, Gavin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data-driven forecasts of air quality have recently achieved more accurate short-term predictions. Despite their success, most of the current data-driven solutions lack proper quantifications of model uncertainty that communicate how much to trust the forecasts. Recently, several practical tools to estimate uncertainty have been developed in probabilistic deep learning. However, there have not been empirical applications and extensive comparisons of these tools in the domain of air quality forecasts. Therefore, this work applies state-of-the-art techniques of uncertainty quantification in a real-world setting of air quality forecasts. Through extensive experiments, we describe training probabilistic models and evaluate their predictive uncertainties based on empirical performance, reliability of confidence estimate, and practical applicability. We also propose improving these models using "free" adversarial training and exploiting temporal and spatial correlation inherent in air quality data. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed models perform better than previous works in quantifying uncertainty in data-driven air quality forecasts. Overall, Bayesian neural networks provide a more reliable uncertainty estimate but can be challenging to implement and scale. Other scalable methods, such as deep ensemble, Monte Carlo (MC) dropout, and stochastic weight averaging-Gaussian (SWAG), can perform well if applied correctly but with different tradeoffs and slight variations in performance metrics. Finally, our results show the practical impact of uncertainty estimation and demonstrate that, indeed, probabilistic models are more suitable for making informed decisions. Code and dataset are available at \url{https://github.com/Abdulmajid-Murad/deep_probabilistic_forecast}
Bounding symbolic powers via asymptotic multiplier ideals
Creators: name: Teitler, Zach
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14B05

description: We revisit a bound on symbolic powers found by Ein-Lazarsfeld-Smith and subsequently improved by Takagi-Yoshida. We show that the original argument of Ein-Lazarsfeld-Smith actually gives the same improvement. On the other hand, we show by examples that any further improvement based on the same technique appears unlikely. This is primarily an exposition; only some examples and remarks might be new.
description: 10 pages. Primarily exposition. Originally written as appendix to lecture notes by Brian Harbourne. v2: Minor changes. v3: Final version, appeared in Ann. Univ. Pedagog. Crac. Stud. Math
Characterization of the fecal microbiota of sows and their offspring from German commercial pig farms
Creators: name: Lührmann, Anja
name: Ovadenko, Ksenia
name: Hellmich, Justinus
name: Sudendey, Christoph
name: Belik, Vitaly
name: Zentek, Jürgen
name: Vahjen, Wilfried
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: pigs
subject: fecal microbiota
subject: characterization
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Strategies to combat microbiota-associated health problems are of high interest in pig production. Successful intervention strategies with beneficial long-term effects are still missing. Most studies on pig microbiota have been conducted under standardized experimental conditions, but the situation in commercial farms differs dramatically. This study describes the fecal microbiota in German commercial pig farms under practical conditions. The study is part of the larger project “Optibiom” that aims to use bacterial composition and farm metadata to formulate tailor-made solutions for farm-specific health maintenance strategies. Special consideration is given to the sow-piglet relationship. Fecal samples from sows and their piglets were collected at two time points each in 20 different farms (sows ante- and postpartum and piglets before and after weaning). The extracted DNA was sequenced with Illumina 16S rDNA sequencing. For data analysis and visualization, differential abundance analyses, as well as hierarchical clustering and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) were performed. A new “family unit” was implemented to compare farms based on the association between the microbiota in sows and their offspring. There are distinct changes in the microbial communities in sows before and after birth as well as in suckling and post-weaning piglets. The suckling pig microbiota is particularly different from all other groups and shows a lower bacterial diversity. While dominant genera in antepartum sows further displace the abundance of non-dominant genera postpartum, the opposite was true for piglets, where non-dominant bacteria in the suckling phase became dominant after weaning. The family unit for sows and their piglets led to separate cluster formation for some farms. The results indicate that the sow-piglet relationship is one driving force for the observed differences of the pig farms. The next step in the analysis will be the combination of metadata (feeding, housing and management practices) to find farm-specific differences that can be exploited to formulate a farm-specific health maintenance strategy.
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking in General Relativity. Vector Order Parameter
Creators: name: Meierovich, Boris E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational properties of a hedge-hog type topological defect in two extra dimensions are considered in General Relativity employing a vector as the order parameter. All previous considerations were done using the order parameter in the form of a multiplet in a target space of scalar fields. The difference of these two approaches is analyzed and demonstrated in detail. Regular solutions of the Einstein equations are studied analytically and numerically. It is shown that the existence of a negative cosmological constant is sufficient for the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the initially plain bulk. Regular configurations have a growing gravitational potential and are able to trap the matter on the brane. If the energy of spontaneous symmetry breaking is high, the gravitational potential has several points of minimum. Identical in the uniform bulk spin-less particles, being trapped within separate minima, acquire different masses and appear to the observer on brane as different particles with integer spins.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Research Data Management Services at ETH Library
Creators: name: Petrus, Ana
name: Töwe, Matthias
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2017
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
FAIR Data
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
SNSF
Funder Policy
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
Computer science, information & general works
Data processing, computer science
Library & information sciences

description: The customised training «Research Data Management Services at ETH Library» was held in the form of an information event. The presentation contains information on research data management and the SNSF Policy on Open Research Data, data management planning and ETH services for research data management. 
Due to anonymization, the content of individual slides within this presentation might have been modified before publication.
Plant and fungal collections: Current status, future perspectives
Creators: name: Paton, Alan
name: Antonelli, Alexandre
name: Carine, Mark
name: Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini
name: Davies, Nina
name: Demissew, Sebsebe
name: Dröge, Gabriele
name: Fulcher, Tim
name: Grall, Aurelie
name: Holstein, Norbert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: botanical garden
subject: culture collection
subject: DNA and tissue Bank
subject: fungarium
subject: GBIF
subject: herbarium
subject: seed bank
subject: specimen
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Societal Impact Statement Plant and fungal specimens provide the auditable evidence that a particular organism occurred at a particular place, and at a particular point in time, verifying past occurrence and distribution. They also document the aspects of human exploration and culture. Collectively specimens form a global asset with significant potential for new uses to help address societal and environmental challenges. Collections also serve as a platform to engage and educate a broad range of stakeholders from the academic to the public, strengthening engagement and understanding of plant and fungal diversity—the basis of life on Earth. Summary We provide a global review of the current state of plant and fungal collections including herbaria and fungaria, botanic gardens, fungal culture collections, and biobanks. The review focuses on the numbers of collections, major taxonomic group and species level coverage, geographical representation and the extent to which the data from collections are digitally accessible. We identify the major gaps in these collections and in digital data. We also consider what collection types need to be further developed to support research, such as environmental DNA and cryopreservation of desiccation-sensitive seeds. Around 31% of vascular plant species are represented in botanic gardens, and 17% of known fungal species are held in culture collections, both these living collections showing a bias toward northern temperate taxa. Only 21% of preserved collections are available via the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) with Asia, central and north Africa and Amazonia being relatively under-represented. Supporting long-term collection facilities in biodiverse areas should be considered by governmental and international aid agencies, in addition to short-term project funding. Institutions should consider how best to speed up digitization of collections and to disseminate all data via aggregators such as GBIF, which will greatly facilitate use, research, and community curation to improve quality. There needs to be greater alignment between biodiversity informatics initiatives and standards to allow more comprehensive analysis of collections data and to facilitate linkage of extended information, facilitating broader use. Much can be achieved with greater coordination through existing initiatives and strengthening relationships with users.
Unusual states of vortex matter in mixtures of Bose--Einstein Condensates on rotating optical lattices
Creators: name: Dahl, E. K.
name: Babaev, E.
name: Sudbo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A striking property of a single-component superfluid under rotation, is that a broken symmetry in the order parameter results in a broken translational symmetry, a vortex lattice. If translational symmetry is restored, the phase of the order parameter disorders and the broken symmetry in the order parameter is restored. We show that for Bose-Condensate mixtures on optical lattices (which may possess a negative dissipationless intercomponent drag), a new situation arises. A phase disordered nonsuperfluid component can break translational symmetry in response to rotation due to interaction with a superfluid component. This state is a modulated vortex liquid which breaks translational symmetry in the direction transverse to the rotation vector.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. To be published in Physical Review Letters
title: Социальная психология
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Профобразование, Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2024

description: В учебном пособии изложены основные теоретические вопросы социальной психологии. Сделан акцент на социально-психологических проблемах, возникающих в процессе управления организацией: мотивация труда, формирование коллектива и управление организационными отношениями. Учебное пособие содержит практические задания по содержанию изучаемых тем, позволяющие не только закрепить теоретические знания, но и развить навыки анализа социально-психологических явлений, сформировать профессиональное мышление студентов. Издание соответствует требованиям Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта среднего профессионального образования. Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по укрупненным группам специальностей «Экономика и управление», «Социология и социальная работа», «Сервис и туризм», изучающих дисциплину «Социальная психология».
Detrital apatite geochemistry and thermochronology from the Oligocene/Miocene Alpine foreland record the early exhumation of the Tauern Window
Creators: name: Hülscher, Julian
name: Sobel, Edward R.
name: Verwater, Vincent
name: Groß, Philip
name: Chew, David
name: Bernhardt, Anne
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: detrital apatite fission track analysis
subject: detrital apatite trace-element geochemistry
subject: Molasse Basin
subject: Northern Alpine Foreland Basin
subject: Tauern Window
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The early exhumation history of the Tauern Window in the European Eastern Alps and its surface expression is poorly dated and quantified, partly because thermochronological and provenance information are sparse from the Upper Austrian Northern Alpine Foreland Basin. For the first time, we combine a single-grain double-dating approach (Apatite Fission Track and U-Pb dating) with trace-element geochemistry analysis on the same apatites to reconstruct the provenance and exhumation history of the late Oligocene/early Miocene Eastern Alps. The results from 22 samples from the Chattian to Burdigalian sedimentary infill of the Upper Austrian Northern Alpine Foreland Basin were integrated with a 3D seismic-reflection data set and published stratigraphic reports. Our highly discriminative data set indicates an increasing proportion of apatites (from 6% to 23%) with Sr/Y values <0.1 up-section and an increasing amount of apatites (from 24% to 38%) containing >1,000 ppm light rare-earth elements from Chattian to Burdigalian time. The number of U-Pb ages with acceptable uncertainties increases from 40% to 59% up-section, with mostly late Variscan/Permian ages, while an increasing number of grains (10%–27%) have Eocene or younger apatite fission track cooling ages. The changes in the apatite trace-element geochemistry and U-Pb data mirror increased sediment input from an ≥upper amphibolite-facies metamorphic source of late Variscan/Permian age – probably the Ötztal-Bundschuh nappe system – accompanied by increasing exhumation rates indicated by decreasing apatite fission track lag times. We attribute these changes to the surface response to upright folding and doming in the Penninic units of the future Tauern Window starting at 29–27 Ma. This early period of exhumation (0.3–0.6 mm/a) is triggered by early Adriatic indentation along the Giudicarie Fault System.
C2SM Research Data Management Workshop
Creators: name: Petrus, Ana
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2018
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
FAIR Data
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
SNSF
Funder Policy
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
Computer science, information & general works
Data processing, computer science
Library & information sciences

description: The customised training «C2SM Research Data Management Workshop» was held in the form of an information event and workshop. The presentation contains information on research data management and the SNSF Policy on Open Research Data, data management planning and tips for practice as well as an overview of ETH services for research data management.
Due to anonymization, the content of individual slides within this presentation might have been modified before publication.
Two-loop test of the N=6 Chern-Simons theory S-matrix
Creators: name: Ahn, Changrim
name: Nepomechie, Rafael I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the integrable two-loop spin-chain Hamiltonian describing the anomalous dimensions of scalar operators in the planar N=6 superconformal Chern-Simons theory of ABJM, we perform a direct coordinate Bethe ansatz computation of the corresponding two-loop S-matrix. The result matches with the weak-coupling limit of the scalar sector of the all-loop S-matrix which we have recently proposed. In particular, we confirm that the scattering of A and B particles is reflectionless. As a warm up, we first review the analogous computation of the one-loop S-matrix from the one-loop dilatation operator for the scalar sector of planar N=4 superconformal Yang-Mills theory, and compare the result with the all-loop SU(2|2)^{2} S-matrix.
description: 21 pages, no figure; references added
Relations between mid-IR dust emission and UV extinction
Creators: name: Massa, Derck
name: Gordon, Karl D.
name: Fitzpatrick, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze low resolution Spitzer infrared (IR) 5-14 micron spectra of the diffuse emission toward a carefully selected sample of stars. The sample is composed of sight lines toward stars that have well determined ultraviolet (UV) extinction curves and which are shown to lie beyond effectively all of the extinguishing and emitting dust along their lines of sight. Our sample includes sight lines whose UV curve extinction curves exhibit a wide range of curve morphology and which sample a variety of interstellar environments. As a result, this unique sample enabled us to study the connection between the extinction and emission properties of the same grains, and to examine their response to different physical environments. We quantify the emission features in terms of the PAH model given by Draine & Li (2007) and a set of additional features, not known to be related to PAH emission. We compare the intensities of the different features in the Spitzer mid-IR spectra with the Fitzpatrick & Massa (2007) parameters which describe the shapes of UV to near-IR extinction curves. Our primary result is that there is a strong correlation between the area of the 2175 A UV bump in the extinction curves of the program stars and the strengths of the major PAH emission features in the mid-IR spectra for the same lines of sight.
description: 29 pages, 17 figures, accepted to the ApJ
Research Data Management - Novel Requirements according to the SNSF
Creators: name: Ziehmer, Malin Michelle
name: Petrus, Ana
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2018
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
FAIR Data
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
SNSF
Funder Policy
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
Computer science, information & general works
Data processing, computer science
Library & information sciences

description: The customised training «Research Data Management – Novel Requirements according to the SNSF» was held in the form of a seminar. The presentation contains information on the SNSF Policy on Open Research Data, data management planning, the content of data management plans for the SNSF and an overview of ETH services for research data management.
Due to anonymization, the content of individual slides within this presentation might have been modified before publication.
Motives: an introductory survey for physicists
Creators: name: Rej, Abhijnan
name: Marcolli, Matilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey certain accessible aspects of Grothendieck's theory of motives in arithmetic algebraic geometry for mathematical physicists, focussing on areas that have recently found applications in quantum field theory. An appendix (by Matilde Marcolli) sketches further connections between motivic theory and theoretical physics.
description: LaTeX 35 pages, article by Abhijnan Rej with an appendix by M.Marcolli. Version II/Final: cosmetic changes to bibliography, added a small subsection on triangulated categories to section 6. Accepted for publication in the MPIM-Bonn "Renormalization, combinatorics and physics" proceedings volume
Performance monitoring in obsessive–compulsive disorder: Insights from internal capsule/nucleus accumbens deep brain stimulation
Creators: name: Schüller, Thomas
name: Gruendler, Theo O. J.
name: Smith, Ezra E.
name: Baldermann, Juan Carlos
name: Kohl, Sina
name: Fischer, Adrian G.
name: Visser-Vandewalle, Veerle
name: Ullsperger, Markus
name: Kuhn, Jens
name: Huys, Daniel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Obsessive-compulsive disorder
subject: Deep brain stimulation
subject: Internal capsule/nucleus accumbens
subject: Performance monitoring
subject: Theta frequency
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Symptoms of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) are partly related to impaired cognitive control processes and theta modulations constitute an important electrophysiological marker for cognitive control processes such as signaling negative performance feedback in a fronto-striatal network. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) targeting the anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC)/nucleus accumbens (NAc) shows clinical efficacy in OCD, while the exact influence on the performance monitoring system remains largely unknown. Methods Seventeen patients with treatment-refractory OCD performed a probabilistic reinforcement learning task. Analyses were focused on 4–8 Hz (theta) power, intertrial phase coherence (ITPC) and debiased weighted Phase-Lag Index (dwPLI) in response to negative performance feedback. Combined EEG and local field potential (LFP) recordings were obtained shortly after DBS electrode implantation to investigate fronto-striatal network modulations. To assess the impact of clinically effective DBS on negative performance feedback modulations, EEG recordings were obtained pre-surgery and at follow-up with DBS on and off. Results Medial frontal cortex ITPC, striatal ITPC and striato-frontal dwPLI were increased following negative performance feedback. Decreased right-lateralized dwPLI was associated with pre-surgery symptom severity. ITPC was globally decreased during DBS-off. Conclusion We observed a theta phase coherence mediated fronto-striatal performance monitoring network. Within this network, decreased connectivity was related to increased OCD symptomatology, consistent with the idea of impaired cognitive control in OCD. While ALIC/NAc DBS decreased theta network activity globally, this effect was unrelated to clinical efficacy and performance monitoring.
Research Data Management Training for SCCER
Creators: name: Petrus, Ana
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2018
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
FAIR Data
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
SNSF
Funder Policy
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
Computer science, information & general works
Library & information sciences
Data processing, computer science

description: The customised training «Research Data Management Training for SCCER» was held in the form of an information event. The presentation contains information on research data management and the SNSF Policy on Open Research Data, data management planning and an overview of ETH services for research data management.
Due to anonymization, the content of individual slides within this presentation might have been modified before publication.
Additional file 2 of Mugen-UMAP: UMAP visualization and clustering of mutated genes in single-cell DNA sequencing data
Creators: name: Li, Teng
name: Zou, Yiran
name: Li, Xianghan
name: Wong, Thomas K. F.
name: Rodrigo, Allen G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Figure 2. UMAP projections of the Louvain clustering algorithm applied to the NSCLC dataset.
Research Data Management Workshop at RCS18
Creators: name: Ziehmer, Malin Michelle
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2018
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
FAIR Data
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
SNSF
Funder Policy
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
Computer science, information & general works
Data processing, computer science
Library & information sciences

description: The customised training «Research Data Management Workshop at RCS18» was held in the form of a workshop at the EPFL & ETHZ Summer School on Reproducibility in Computational Sciences 2018. The presentation contains information on the importance and basics of research data management, an overview of rules and regulations, data management planning, data sharing and long-term preservation of research data.
Due to anonymization, the content of individual slides within this presentation might have been modified before publication.
The customised training «Research Data Management Workshop at RCS18» was held in the form of a workshop at the EPFL & ETHZ Summer School on Reproducibility in Computational Sciences 2018. The presentation contains information on the importance and basics of research data management, an overview of rules and regulations, data management planning, data sharing and long-term preservation of research data.
Due to anonymization, the content of individual slides within this presentation might have been modified before publication.
On the cavity method for decimated random constraint satisfaction problems and the analysis of belief propagation guided decimation algorithms
Creators: name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
name: Semerjian, Guilhem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a version of the cavity method for diluted mean-field spin models that allows the computation of thermodynamic quantities similar to the Franz-Parisi quenched potential in sparse random graph models. This method is developed in the particular case of partially decimated random constraint satisfaction problems. This allows to develop a theoretical understanding of a class of algorithms for solving constraint satisfaction problems, in which elementary degrees of freedom are sequentially assigned according to the results of a message passing procedure (belief-propagation). We confront this theoretical analysis to the results of extensive numerical simulations.
description: 32 pages, 24 figures
Correction of atmospheric stray-light in restored slit-spectra
Creators: name: Saranathan, Sudharshan
name: van Noort, Michiel
name: Solanki, Sami K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A long-standing issue in solar ground-based observations has been the contamination of data due to stray light, which is particularly relevant in inversions of spectropolarimetric data. We aim to build on a statistical method of correcting stray-light contamination due to residual high-order aberrations and apply it to ground-based slit spectra. The observations were obtained at the Swedish Solar Telescope, and restored using the multi-frame blind deconvolution restoration procedure. Using the statistical properties of seeing, we created artificially degraded synthetic images generated from magneto-hydrodynamic simulations. We then compared the synthetic data with the observations to derive estimates of the amount of the residual stray light in the observations. In the final step, the slit spectra were deconvolved with a stray-light point spread function to remove the residual stray light from the observations. The RMS granulation contrasts of the deconvolved spectra were found to increase to approximately 12.5%, from 9%. Spectral lines, on average, were found to become deeper in the granules and shallower in the inter-granular lanes, indicating systematic changes to gradients in temperature. The deconvolution was also found to increase the redshifts and blueshifts of spectral lines, suggesting that the velocities of granulation in the solar photosphere are higher than had previously been observed.
Forschungsdatenmanagement - was kann ich tun?
Creators: name: Petrus, Ana
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2017
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
FAIR Data
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
SNSF
Funder Policy
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
Computer science, information & general works
Data processing, computer science
Library & information sciences

description: The recurring public training «Forschungsdatenmanagement – was kann ich tun?» was held in German in the form of a seminar. The presentations contain information on data management and why it should concern scientists, an overview of rules and regulations, an overview of how to organize, store, share and archive data as well as a collection of methods, services and tools for research data management.
Evolution of stars with 60 and 200 Msun: predictions for WNh stars in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Gormaz-Matamala, Alex Camilo
name: Romagnolo, Amedeo
name: Belczynski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in detail the evolution of two massive stars at solar metallicity ($Z=0.014$), by calculating their final masses, radial expansion, and chemical enrichment. We run evolutionary models for initial masses 60 and 200 $M_\odot$, using MESA and the Geneva-evolution-code (GENEC). For the mass loss, we adopt the self-consistent m-CAK prescription for the optically thin winds of OB-type stars, a semi-empirical formula for H-rich optically thick wind of WNh stars, and a hydrodynamically consistent formula for the H-poor thick wind of classical Wolf-Rayet stars. The transition from thin to thick winds is set at $Γ_\text{e}=0.5$.
 For the 60 $M_\odot$ case, the GENEC model predicts a more efficient rotational mixing and more chemically homogeneous evolution, whereas the MESA model predicts a large radial expansion reaching the LBV phase. For the 200 $M_\odot$ case, differences between both evolution codes are less relevant because their evolution is dominated by wind mass loss with a weaker dependence on internal mixing.
 The switch of the mass-loss prescription based on the Eddington factor instead of the removal of outer layers, implies the existence of WNh stars with a large mass fraction of hydrogen at the surface ($X_\text{surf}\ge0.3$) formed from initial masses of $\gtrsim60$ $M_\odot$. These stars are constrained in a $T_\text{eff}$ range of the HRD which corresponds to the MS band, in agreement with the observations of Galactic WNh stars at $Z=0.014$. While our models employ a fixed $Γ_\text{e,trans}$ threshold for the switch to thick winds, rather than a continuous thin-to-thick wind model, the good reproduction of observations during the MS supports the robustness of the wind model upgrades, allowing its application to studies of late-stage stellar evolution before core collapse.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
The effects of intraspecific competition for food on reproduction in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata) and the implications for the stock and recruitment problem
Creators: name: Morrell, Michael Rowland
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Laboratory experiments were conducted with female guppies to determine the effects of intraspecific competition for food on fecundity, fry size, and gestation period. Two groups of females which had been raised at different levels of intensity of competition were compared. Gestation period was significantly longer in the high competition group. The effects on fecundity and fry size were dependent on the size of the adult female. The largest females in the high competition group did not differ with respect to these parameters from individuals of the same size in the low competition treatment; the smaller females produced fewer but larger fry in each brood under high competition. The total weight of fry per brood produced by females of a given size was not different between treatments. These results are discussed from the standpoint that the reproductive characteristics of the individuals of a population can be viewed as tactical components of a strategy whose objective is to maximize the present value of the number of surviving progeny produced by each individual in the course of its lifetime. The optimal distribution over time of energy devoted to reproductive ends and the optimal distribution at one point in time of a given amount of energy among many or few offspring are expected to vary among populations according to the particular age- and size-specific mortality rates faced by each population. Both magnitude and variability of mortality are important. It is suggested that by measuring the appropriate reproductive parameters of the adult members of a population, it should be possible to make predictions about the shape and expected variability of the stock/recruit relationship.
Quantum Optics with Quantum Gases
Creators: name: Mekhov, Igor B.
name: Ritsch, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum optics with quantum gases represents a new field, where the quantum nature of both light and ultracold matter plays equally important role. Only very recently this ultimate quantum limit of light-matter interaction became feasible experimentally. In traditional quantum optics, the cold atoms are considered classically, whereas, in quantum atom optics, the light is used as an essentially classical axillary tool. On the one hand, the quantization of optical trapping potentials can significantly modify many-body dynamics of atoms, which is well-known only for classical potentials. On the other hand, atomic fluctuations can modify the properties of the scattered light.
description: to be published in Laser Physics (2009)
Measuring the alpha-abundance of subsolar-metallicity stars in the Milky Way's central half-parsec: testing globular cluster and dwarf galaxy infall scenarios
Creators: name: Bentley, Rory O.
name: Do, Tuan
name: Kerzendorf, Wolfgang
name: Chu, Devin S.
name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Konopacky, Quinn
name: Ghez, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the Milky Way Nuclear star cluster has been studied extensively, how it formed is uncertain. Studies have shown it contains a solar and supersolar metallicity population that may have formed in-situ, along with a subsolar metallicity population that may have formed via mergers of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies. Stellar abundance measurements are critical to differentiate between formation scenarios. We present new measurements of [$M/H$] and $α$-element abundances [$α/Fe$] of two subsolar-metallicity stars in the Galactic Center. These observations were taken with the adaptive-optics assisted high-resolution (R=24,000) spectrograph NIRSPEC in the K-band (1.8 - 2.6 micron). These are the first $α$-element abundance measurements of sub-solar metallicity stars in the Milky Way nuclear star cluster. We measure [$M/H$]=$-0.59\pm 0.11$, [$α/Fe$]=$0.05\pm 0.15$ and [$M/H$]= $-0.81\pm 0.12$, [$α/Fe$]= $0.15\pm 0.16$ for the two stars at the Galactic center; the uncertainties are dominated by systematic uncertainties in the spectral templates. The stars have an [$α/Fe$] in-between the [$α/Fe$] of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies at similar [$M/H$] values. Their abundances are very different than the bulk of the stars in the nuclear star cluster. These results indicate that the sub-solar metallicity population in the Milky Way nuclear star cluster likely originated from infalling dwarf galaxies or globular clusters and are unlikely to have formed in-situ.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Resonant Excitation of Quasinormal Modes of Black Holes
Creators: name: Motohashi, Hayato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elucidate that a distinctive resonant excitation between quasinormal modes (QNMs) of black holes emerges as a universal phenomenon at an avoided crossing near the exceptional point through high-precision numerical analysis and theory of QNMs based on the framework of non-Hermitian physics. This resonant phenomenon not only allows us to decipher a long-standing mystery concerning the peculiar behaviors of QNMs but also stands as a novel beacon for characterizing black hole spacetime geometry. Our findings pave the way for rigorous examinations of black holes and the exploration of new physics in gravity.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, dataset available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12696857 ; matches published version
Additional file 3 of A Bayesian multivariate hierarchical model for developing a treatment benefit index using mixed types of outcomes
Creators: name: Wu, Danni
name: Goldfeld, Keith S.
name: Petkova, Eva
name: Park, Hyung G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 3.
Optimal control of uniformly heated granular fluids in linear response
Creators: name: Ruiz-Pino, Natalia
name: Prados, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analytical investigation of the optimal control of uniformly heated granular gases in the linear regime. The intensity of the stochastic driving is therefore assumed to be bounded between two values that are close, which limits the possible values of the granular temperature to a correspondingly small interval. Specifically, we are interested in minimising the connection time between the non-equilibrium steady states (NESSs) for two different values of the granular temperature, by controlling the time dependence of the driving intensity. The closeness of the initial and target NESSs make it possible to linearise the evolution equations and rigorously -- from a mathematical point of view -- prove that the optimal controls are of bang-bang type, with only one switching in the first Sonine approximation. We also look into the dependence of the optimal connection time on the bounds of the driving intensity. Moreover, the limits of validity of the linear regime are investigated.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
A Global Treatment Of VMD Physics Up To The $ϕ$: I. $e^+e^-$ Annihilations, Anomalies And Vector Meson Partial Widths
Creators: name: Benayoun, M.
name: David, P.
name: DelBuono, L.
name: Leitner, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HLS Model, equipped with a mechanism providing the breaking of U(3)/SU(3) symmetry and an isospin symmetry breaking leading naturally to vector meson mixing, has been recently shown to successfully account for $e^+ e^- \ra π^+π^-$ cross section and for the dipion spectrum in $τ$ decay. The present study shows that the full anomalous sector of the HLS model can be considered and is validated by the experimental data. Indeed, this extended model provides a successful simultaneous fit to the $e^+ e^- \ra π^+π^-$ data together with the available data on $e^+ e^- \ra π^0γ$, $e^+ e^- \ra ηγ$ and $e^+ e^- \ra π^0 π^+π^-$ cross sections. It is shown that the fit of these data sets also predicts an accurate description of the $η/η^\prime \ra π^+ π^- γ$ decays fully consistent with the reported information on their branching fractions and spectra. Finally, one also derives from our global fits products of widths of the form $Γ(V \ra f_1)Γ(V \ra e^+ e^-) $ and ratios of the form $Γ(V \ra f_1)/Γ(V \ra f_2)$ describing decays of vector mesons to several non--leptonic final states.
description: 58 pages, 10 figures Corrected a few misprints. Footnote 10 changed
Particle production in p-p collisions at sqrt(s) = 17 GeV within the statistical model
Creators: name: Kraus, I.
name: Cleymans, J.
name: Oeschler, H.
name: Redlich, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thermal-model analysis of particle production of p-p collisions at sqrt(s) = 17 GeV using the latest available data is presented. The sensitivity of model parameters on data selections and model assumptions is studied. The system-size dependence of thermal parameters and recent differences in the statistical model analysis of p-p collisions at the super proton synchrotron (SPS) are discussed. It is shown that the temperature and strangeness undersaturation factor depend strongly on kaon yields which at present are still not well known experimentally. It is conclude, that within the presently available data at the SPS it is rather unlikely that the temperature in p-p collisions exceeds significantly that expected in central collisions of heavy ions at the same energy.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Forschungsdatenmanagement - was kann ich tun?
Creators: name: Petrus, Ana
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2018
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
FAIR Data
Open Research Data
Research Data Life Cycle
Digital Curation
SNSF
Funder Policy
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
Computer science, information & general works
Data processing, computer science
Library & information sciences

description: The recurring public training «Forschungsdatenmanagement – was kann ich tun?» was held in German in the form of a seminar. The presentations contain information on data management and why it should concern scientists, an overview of rules and regulations, an overview of how to organize, store, share and archive data as well as a collection of methods, services and tools for research data management.
Quantum micro-mechanics with ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Botter, Thierry
name: Brooks, Daniel
name: Gupta, Subhadeep
name: Ma, Zhao-Yuan
name: Moore, Kevin L.
name: Murch, Kater W.
name: Purdy, Tom P.
name: Stamper-Kurn, Dan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many experiments isolated atoms and ions have been inserted into high-finesse optical resonators for the study of fundamental quantum optics and quantum information. Here, we introduce another application of such a system, as the realization of cavity optomechanics where the collective motion of an atomic ensemble serves the role of a moveable optical element in an optical resonator. Compared with other optomechanical systems, such as those incorporating nanofabricated cantilevers or the large cavity mirrors of gravitational observatories, our cold-atom realization offers direct access to the quantum regime. We describe experimental investigations of optomechanical effects, such as the bistability of collective atomic motion and the first quantification of measurement backaction for a macroscopic object, and discuss future directions for this nascent field.
description: Proceedings of International Conference on Atomic Physics (ICAP) 2008
Additional file 5 of A Bayesian multivariate hierarchical model for developing a treatment benefit index using mixed types of outcomes
Creators: name: Wu, Danni
name: Goldfeld, Keith S.
name: Petkova, Eva
name: Park, Hyung G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 5.
Magnetic Energy Conversion in MHD: Curvature Relaxation and Perpendicular Expansion of Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Du, Senbei
name: Li, Hui
name: Fu, Xiangrong
name: Gan, Zhaoming
name: Li, Shengtai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanisms and pathways of magnetic energy conversion are an important subject for many laboratory, space and astrophysical systems. Here, we present a perspective on magnetic energy conversion in MHD through magnetic field curvature relaxation (CR) and perpendicular expansion (PE) due to magnetic pressure gradients, and quantify their relative importance in two representative cases, namely 3D magnetic reconnection and 3D kink-driven instability in an astrophysical jet. We find that the CR and PE processes have different temporal and spatial evolution in these systems. The relative importance of the two processes tends to reverse as the system enters the nonlinear stage from the instability growth stage. Overall, the two processes make comparable contributions to the magnetic energy conversion with the PE process somewhat stronger than the CR process. We further explore how these energy conversion terms can be related to particle energization in these systems.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures. The article is accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Datenmanagement nach Rezept - Was Grossmutters Backrezepte mit Forschungsdatenmanagement zu tun haben
Creators: name: Hoffmann, André
name: Gloor, Daniel
name: Petrus, Ana
name: Steurer, Florian
name: Töwe, Matthias
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2017
Subjects: Research Data Management (RDM)
Active Research Data Management (ARDM)
Data Management Plan (DMP)
Digital Curation
Training
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/0
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/020
Computer science, information & general works
Data processing, computer science
Library & information sciences

description: The customised training «Datenmanagement nach Rezept – was Grosis Backrezepte mit Forschungsdatenmanagement zu tun haben» was held in the form of an information event for the general public. The presentation contains information on the importance of research data management, an overview of active research data management and the role of libraries in data management.