cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Whirligig Beetles as Corralled Active Brownian Particles: Supplementary Material from Whirligig beetles as corralled active Brownian particles
Creators: name: Devereux, Harvey L.
name: Twomey, Colin R.
name: Turner, Matthew S.
name: Thutupalli, Shashi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary statistics and figures S1–S6 including: Collision free methodology, group speed distributions, phase diagrams for N=50 and N=100, mean squared angular displacement and mean squared displacement.
Sex-specific gene interactions in the patterning of insect genitalia
Creators: name: Aspiras, Ariel C.
name: Smith, Frank W.
name: Angelini, David
Publisher: name: Developmental Biology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Genitalia play an important role in the life histories of insects, as in other animals. These sexually dimorphic structures evolve rapidly and derive from multiple body segments. Despite the importance of insect genitalia, descriptions of their genetic patterning have been limited to fruit flies. In this study, we report the functions, interactions and regulation of appendage patterning genes (e.g. homothorax, dachshund, and Distal-less) in two insects: the milkweed bug Oncopeltus fasciatus, and the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. These species differ in the anatomical complexity of their genitalia. Females of T. castaneum have a terminal ovipositor ending in short styli, while O. fasciatus have a multi-jointed subterminal ovipositor. Male O. fasciatus have a genital capsule consisting of large gonocoxopodites and claspers; T. castaneum males have relatively simple genitalia. The requirement of appendage-patterning genes in males differed between the two species: No defects were observed in T. castaneum male genitalia, and while the male claspers of O. fasciatus were affected by depletion of appendage-patterning genes, the proximal gonocoxopodite was not, suggesting a non-appendicular origin for this structure. Only the styli of the T. castaneum ovipositor were affected by RNAi depletion of appendage-patterning genes (14 genes in all). The posterior Hox genes (abdominal-A and Abdominal-B) were required for proper genital development in O. fasciatus and regulated Distal-less and homothorax similarly in both sexes. Distal-less and dachshund were regulated differently in male and female O. fasciatus. Knockdown of the sex determination gene intersex produced a partial female-to-male transformation of abdominal and genital anatomy and also resulted in abrogation of female-specific regulation of these genes. These results provide developmental genetic support for specific anatomical hypotheses of serial homology. Importantly, these gene functions and interactions describe the developmental patterning of sexually dimorphic structures that have been critical to the diversification of these species-rich insect groups.
Library supported open access funds : Criteria, impact, and viability
Creators: name: Click, Amanda B.
name: Borchardt, Rachel
Publisher: name: Evidence Based Library and Information Practice
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4610
subject: Library and information studies

description: Objective –This study analyzes scholarly publications supported by library open access funds, including author demographics, journal trends, and article impact. It also identifies and summarizes open access fund criteria and viability. The goal is to better understand the sustainability of open access funds, as well as identify potential best practices for institutions with open access funds. Methods –Publication data was solicited from universities with open access (OA) funds, and supplemented with publication and author metrics, including Journal Impact Factor, Altmetric Attention Score, and author h-index. Additionally, data was collected from OA fund websites, Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 2019, 14.422 including fund criteria and guidelines. Results –Library OA funds tend to support faculty in science and medical fields. Impact varied widely, especially between disciplines, but a limited measurement indicated an overall smaller relative impact of publications funded by library OA funds. Many open access funds operate using similar criteria related to author and publication eligibility, which seem to be largely successful at avoiding the funding of articles published in predatory journals. Conclusions –Libraries have successfully funded many publications using criteria that could constitute best practices in this area. However, institutions with OA funds may need to identify opportunities to increase support for high-impact publications, as well as consider the financial stability of these funds. Alternative models for OA support are discussed in the context of an ever-changing open access landscape.
Library supported open access funds : Criteria, impact, and viability
Creators: name: Click, Amanda B.
name: Borchardt, Rachel
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Objective –This study analyzes scholarly publications supported by library open access funds, including author demographics, journal trends, and article impact. It also identifies and summarizes open access fund criteria and viability. The goal is to better understand the sustainability of open access funds, as well as identify potential best practices for institutions with open access funds. Methods –Publication data was solicited from universities with open access (OA) funds, and supplemented with publication and author metrics, including Journal Impact Factor, Altmetric Attention Score, and author h-index. Additionally, data was collected from OA fund websites, Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 2019, 14.422 including fund criteria and guidelines. Results –Library OA funds tend to support faculty in science and medical fields. Impact varied widely, especially between disciplines, but a limited measurement indicated an overall smaller relative impact of publications funded by library OA funds. Many open access funds operate using similar criteria related to author and publication eligibility, which seem to be largely successful at avoiding the funding of articles published in predatory journals. Conclusions –Libraries have successfully funded many publications using criteria that could constitute best practices in this area. However, institutions with OA funds may need to identify opportunities to increase support for high-impact publications, as well as consider the financial stability of these funds. Alternative models for OA support are discussed in the context of an ever-changing open access landscape.
Climate, abiotic factors, and the evolution of subterranean life
Creators: name: Culver, David C.
name: Pipan, Tanja
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Climate, and more generally the physical conditions in caves and other subterranean habitats have a profound influence on the biota. At longer time scale (centuries), climate change can force and/or isolate species in subterranean habitats. Not only Pleistocene climate changes, but earlier ones as well, such as the Messinian salinity crisis were important in this regard. While many speleobiologists assume that caves are nearly constant environmentally and with scarce organic carbon, this is not the case, especially in non-cave subterranean habitats. Many shal- low subterranean habitats, such as epikarst, seepage springs, and talus harbor highly modified organisms, ones without eyes and pigment and with elongated appendages. Yet these habi- tats are highly variable with respect to temperature and other environmental factors, and often have high levels of organic carbon. Overall, the role of these shallow subterranean habitats in the evolution and biogeography of subterranean species may be crucial. On smaller spatial scales, environmental differences, such as differences in chemistry of epikarst water, may be im- portant in allowing large numbers of species to coexist.
Climate, abiotic factors, and the evolution of subterranean life
Creators: name: Culver, David C.
name: Pipan, Tanja
Publisher: name: Acta Carsologica
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Climate, and more generally the physical conditions in caves and other subterranean habitats have a profound influence on the biota. At longer time scale (centuries), climate change can force and/or isolate species in subterranean habitats. Not only Pleistocene climate changes, but earlier ones as well, such as the Messinian salinity crisis were important in this regard. While many speleobiologists assume that caves are nearly constant environmentally and with scarce organic carbon, this is not the case, especially in non-cave subterranean habitats. Many shal- low subterranean habitats, such as epikarst, seepage springs, and talus harbor highly modified organisms, ones without eyes and pigment and with elongated appendages. Yet these habi- tats are highly variable with respect to temperature and other environmental factors, and often have high levels of organic carbon. Overall, the role of these shallow subterranean habitats in the evolution and biogeography of subterranean species may be crucial. On smaller spatial scales, environmental differences, such as differences in chemistry of epikarst water, may be im- portant in allowing large numbers of species to coexist.
The buckling transition of 2D elastic honeycombs: Numerical simulation and Landau theory
Creators: name: Jagla, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I study the buckling transition under compression of a two-dimensional, hexagonal, regular elastic honeycomb. Under isotropic compression, the system buckles to a configuration consisting of a unit cell containing four of the original hexagons. This buckling pattern preserves the sixfold rotational symmetry of the original lattice but is chiral, and can be described as a combination of three different elemental distortions in directions rotated 2pi/3 from each other. Non-isotropic compression may induce patterns consisting in a single elemental distortion or a superposition of two of them. The numerical results compare very well with the outcome of a Landau theory of second order phase transitions.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Social distancing versus early detection and contacts tracing in epidemic management
Creators: name: Gaeta, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Different countries -- and sometimes different regions within the same countries -- have adopted different strategies in trying to contain the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic; these mix in variable parts social confinement, early detection and contact tracing. In this paper we discuss the different effects of these ingredients on the epidemic dynamics; the discussion is conducted with the help of two simple models, i.e. the classical SIR model and the recently introduced variant (A-SIR, arXiv:2003.08720) which takes into account the presence of a large set of asymptomatic infectives.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures in new version, to appear in Chaos
A Comparative trend analysis of changes in teacher rate of absenteeism in South Africa
Creators: name: Msosa, Steven Kayambazinthu
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150506 Marketing Theory
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150505 Marketing Research Methodology
subject: 130304 Educational Administration, Management and Leadership
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education

description: The aim of this research was to analyze the changes in the rate of teacher absenteeism among South African provinces as a major in-class factor contributing to student performance and effective learning. Time series analysis of exponential smoothing, moving average, and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model (SARIMA) were applied to model and assess the designed hypothesis as a major factor for educational advancement using different provincial data input from the Department of Basic Education in South Africa. The performances of all the models were analyzed using statistical indexes: Mean Square Error (MSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The overall performance showed that the absence rate increased statistically significantly from 2011 to 2017. Thus, this opinion was held by more than half of the general populace depending on the province type. The findings of this research could assist the management of the basic education department in general, and in schools in particular, to understand the problem of absenteeism and thereby enabling the implementation of effective strategies that can be used to curb the practice.
Feedback for nonlinear system identification
Creators: name: Burghi, Thiago B.
name: Schoukens, Maarten
name: Sepulchre, Rodolphe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Motivated by neuronal models from neuroscience, we consider the system identification of simple feedback structures whose behaviors include nonlinear phenomena such as excitability, limit-cycles and chaos. We show that output feedback is sufficient to solve the identification problem in a two-step procedure. First, the nonlinear static characteristic of the system is extracted, and second, using a feedback linearizing law, a mildly nonlinear system with an approximately-finite memory is identified. In an ideal setting, the second step boils down to the identification of a LTI system. To illustrate the method in a realistic setting, we present numerical simulations of the identification of two classical systems that fit the assumed model structure.
description: 18th European Control Conference (ECC), Napoli, Italy, June 25-28 2019
Morphological differences among eyeless amphipods in the genus Stygobromus dwelling in different subterranean habitats
Creators: name: Culver, David C.
name: Holsinger, John R.
name: Christman, Mary C.
name: Pipan, Tanja
Publisher: name: Journal of Crustacean Biology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The amphipod genus Stygobromus occurs in a variety of subterranean habitats in North America, including caves, phreatic (groundwater) lakes, and superficial subterranean habitats (seeps and epikarst). The habitats share the absence of light but differ in other features, such as pore size of the habitat, available food, and degree of seasonality. Measurements of body size, antennal size, and antennal segment number of type specimens were compared for 56 species occurring in the eastern United States. Except for differences in body size, differences among species in the four different habitats were not significant. Body size was related to relative pore size of the habitat, e.g., epikarst, with the smallest spaces, had the smallest species. However, in all habitats, there was one very large species (> 15mm); these enigmatic species apparently occupy a distinct ecological niche, perhaps being more predatory. Differences in relative antennal size showed no significant differences among habitats, and differences in number of antennal segments were marginally significant (P=0.06) among habitat types and not in the predicted pattern. Differences among habitats in seasonality and available food seemed to be a minor part of the selective environment; absence of light seemed to be a major part of the selective environment.
Integrated Biophysical Modeling and Image Analysis: Application to Neuro-Oncology
Creators: name: Mang, Andreas
name: Bakas, Spyridon
name: Subramanian, Shashank
name: Davatzikos, Christos
name: Biros, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors come with the vastly heterogeneous histologic, molecular and radiographic landscape, rendering their precise characterization challenging. The rapidly growing fields of biophysical modeling and radiomics have shown promise in better characterizing the molecular, spatial, and temporal heterogeneity of tumors. Integrative analysis of CNS tumors, including clinically-acquired multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and the inverse problem of calibrating biophysical models to mpMRI data, assists in identifying macroscopic quantifiable tumor patterns of invasion and proliferation, potentially leading to improved (i) detection/segmentation of tumor sub-regions, and (ii) computer-aided diagnostic/prognostic/predictive modeling. This paper presents a summary of (i) biophysical growth modeling and simulation, (ii) inverse problems for model calibration, (iii) their integration with imaging workflows, and (iv) their application on clinically-relevant studies. We anticipate that such quantitative integrative analysis may even be beneficial in a future revision of the World Health Organization (WHO) classification for CNS tumors, ultimately improving patient survival prospects.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
Parametric Inference for Biological Sequence Analysis
Creators: name: Pachter, Lior
name: Sturmfels, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: One of the major successes in computational biology has been the unification, using the graphical model formalism, of a multitude of algorithms for annotating and comparing biological sequences. Graphical models that have been applied towards these problems include hidden Markov models for annotation, tree models for phylogenetics, and pair hidden Markov models for alignment. A single algorithm, the sum-product algorithm, solves many of the inference problems associated with different statistical models. This paper introduces the \emph{polytope propagation algorithm} for computing the Newton polytope of an observation from a graphical model. This algorithm is a geometric version of the sum-product algorithm and is used to analyze the parametric behavior of maximum a posteriori inference calculations for graphical models.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures. See also companion paper "Tropical Geometry of Statistical Models" (q-bio.QM/0311009)
Morphological differences among eyeless amphipods in the genus Stygobromus dwelling in different subterranean habitats
Creators: name: Culver, David C.
name: Holsinger, John R.
name: Christman, Mary C.
name: Pipan, Tanja
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The amphipod genus Stygobromus occurs in a variety of subterranean habitats in North America, including caves, phreatic (groundwater) lakes, and superficial subterranean habitats (seeps and epikarst). The habitats share the absence of light but differ in other features, such as pore size of the habitat, available food, and degree of seasonality. Measurements of body size, antennal size, and antennal segment number of type specimens were compared for 56 species occurring in the eastern United States. Except for differences in body size, differences among species in the four different habitats were not significant. Body size was related to relative pore size of the habitat, e.g., epikarst, with the smallest spaces, had the smallest species. However, in all habitats, there was one very large species (> 15mm); these enigmatic species apparently occupy a distinct ecological niche, perhaps being more predatory. Differences in relative antennal size showed no significant differences among habitats, and differences in number of antennal segments were marginally significant (P=0.06) among habitat types and not in the predicted pattern. Differences among habitats in seasonality and available food seemed to be a minor part of the selective environment; absence of light seemed to be a major part of the selective environment.
Probing entropy bounds with scalar field spacetimes
Creators: name: Husain, Viqar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study covariant entropy bounds in dynamical spacetimes with naked singularities. Specifically we study a spherically symmetric massless scalar field solution. The solution is an inhomogeneous cosmology with an initial spacelike singularity, and a naked timelike singularity at the origin. We construct the entropy flux 4-vector for the scalar field, and show by explicit computation that the generalized covariant bound $S_{L(B,B')}\le (A(B)-A(B'))/4 $ is violated for light sheets $L(B,B')$ in the neighbourhood of the (evolving) apparent horizon. We find no violations of the Bousso bound (for which $A(B')=0$), even though certain sufficient conditions for this bound do not hold. This result therefore shows that these conditions are not necessary.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; published version with typos corrected
title: Canadian Settler Philanthropy and Reconciliation: A Critical Textual Analysis
Creators: name: Trimble, Sabina
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2024

description: This thesis presents a critical textual analysis of what I call the reconciliation change narrative in the Canadian settler philanthropy sector, as expressed across an archive of 156 texts produced from 2008-2022 by four philanthropic organizations and their members: one Indigenous-led intermediary (the Circle); three settler-led philanthropic intermediaries (Imagine Canada, Community Foundations Canada [CFC], and Philanthropic Foundations Canada [PFC]); and one widely read sector publication called The Philanthropist. Engagement with the concept of reconciliation became common in the Canadian settler philanthropy world after 2015. Change narratives like reconciliation are stories whereby philanthropic actors situate themselves in the social order and justify their activities; they are simultaneously discursive and affective formations with important material functions, directing organizational and sectoral policies, and shaping giving and granting decisions, institutional practices, and giving relationships. Across my chapters, I explore how diverse and dissonant expressions of the reconciliation change narrative can maintain colonial durabilities, working to mask or obscure the ongoing workings of colonial violence in the settler philanthropy sector and the wider world, especially through what Coulthard (2014) calls colonial recognition and Vimalessary et al. (2016) describe as colonial unknowing. At other times the texts I analyze present alternative possibilities for and beyond dominant expressions of reconciliation and settler philanthropy. These shift the focus away from the colonial politics of reconciliation toward the advancement of relations of reparations, reciprocity and refusal. Drawing on diverse approaches and theoretical frameworks from critical discourse analysis, affect theory, decolonial studies and philanthropic studies, I demonstrate through this analysis that Canadian settler philanthropy's relations to coloniality are, and always have been, characterized by dissonance.
The UCS preexposure effect in taste aversion learning : Tolerance and blocking are drug specific
Creators: name: Dacanay, Robert J.
name: Riley, Anthony
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Following drug preexposure, rats were given taste aversion conditioning in either the pre- exposure environment or the home cage. For animals preexposed to LiCI, only the subjects con- ditioned in the preexposure environment showed the typical Despreexposure effect, that is, an attenuated aversion, an effect consistent with a blocking interpretation of the LiCI-induced pre- exposure effect. On the other hand, all rats preexposed to morphine displayed attenuated aver- sions, independent of the preexposure and conditioning environments. an effect consistent with a pharmacological tolerance explanation of the ues preexposure effect to morphine. The spe- cific mechanism underlying the drug-induced attenuation appears to be drug-dependent.
An investigation into the applicability of the CIRS solar aquatic wastewater treatment system at UBC Farm
Creators: name: Joy, Noah
name: Lillos, Peter
name: Lam, Steven
name: Cheung, Kahei
name: Kang, Trevor
name: Chaaban, Ahmad
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The UBC Farm is currently looking for a sustainable solution to treat storm water, grey water and black water to be used for irrigation, fertigation, toilet flushing, sinks and food preparation purposes. This report assesses the suitability of implementing the Eco-Tek Solar Aquatics System into the UBC Farm so that it becomes a one of a kind regenerative building. The Eco-Tek Solar Aquatics System is evaluated using a triple bottom line assessment, which addressed the environmental, economic and social indicators. From an economic standpoint, the wastewater treatment system has energy requirements of approximately 200W/m³ with energy costs of $0.0177/m³. The operating and maintenance costs for the system are approximately $1.00/m³. The capital investment for the system has been estimated at $8000/m³ of reclaimed water. The expected lifespan of the system is greater than 40 years; however the pumps should be replaced after 15 years. In terms of the environmental indicators, the Eco-Tek Solar Aquatics System must minimize its chemical use with the exception of chlorine and lime (sodium bicarbonate). The system will integrate natural wetlands for use as a storage reservoir for the produced reclaimed water. Also, integrating a UV treatment aspect into the system reduces the risk of eutrophication. Regarding social indicators, the UBC Farm will provide an educational experience for students and staff by demonstrating how design and construction can improve ecological health. Ultimately, this project promotes sustainable development for household, commercial and institutional applications. As a result of the triple bottom line assessment, the Eco-Tek Solar Aquatics System proves to be an appropriate system for implementation at UBC Farm. The system meets satisfies contamination requirements and promotes sustainability, proving to be a viable option for the Farm. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
The UCS preexposure effect in taste aversion learning : Tolerance and blocking are drug specific
Creators: name: Dacanay, Robert J.
name: Riley, Anthony
Publisher: name: Animal Learning & Behavior
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Following drug preexposure, rats were given taste aversion conditioning in either the pre- exposure environment or the home cage. For animals preexposed to LiCI, only the subjects con- ditioned in the preexposure environment showed the typical Despreexposure effect, that is, an attenuated aversion, an effect consistent with a blocking interpretation of the LiCI-induced pre- exposure effect. On the other hand, all rats preexposed to morphine displayed attenuated aver- sions, independent of the preexposure and conditioning environments. an effect consistent with a pharmacological tolerance explanation of the ues preexposure effect to morphine. The spe- cific mechanism underlying the drug-induced attenuation appears to be drug-dependent.
A Review on Filtering Techniques Used for Classification of Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Khan, Mohammad Muzammil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80109 Pattern Recognition and Data Mining
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents four types of filtering techniques that have been used in the recommender systems (RS). The techniques which have been taken into considerations for the study are collaborative filtering, content-based filtering, demographic filtering and knowledge-based filtering. Further, we have compared them with each other on the basis of input collection, process, and output as a recommendation.
title: The unit re-balancing problem
title: Das Einheiten-Umverteilungs-Problem
Creators: name: Dee, Robin
name: Fügenschuh, Armin
name: Kaimakamis, George
Publisher: name: BTU  Cottbus - Senftenberg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 51 Mathematik

description: We describe the problem of re-balancing a number of units distributed over a geographic area. Each unit consists of a number of components. A value between 0 and 1 describes the current rating of each component. By a piecewise linear function this value is converted into a nominal status assessment. The lowest of the statuses determines the efficiency of a unit, and the highest status its cost. An unbalanced unit has a gap between these two. To re-balance the units, components can be transferred. The goal is to maximize the efficiency of all units. On a secondary level, the cost for the re-balancing should be minimal. We present a mixed-integer nonlinear programming formulation for this problem, which describes the potential movement of components as a multi-commodity flow. The piecewise linear functions needed to obtain the status values are reformulated using inequalities and binary variables. This results in a mixed-integer linear program, and numerical standard solvers are able to compute proven optimal solutions for instances with up to 100 units. We present numerical solutions for a set of test instances and a bi-criteria objective function, and discuss the trade-off between cost and efficiency.
description: Wir beschreiben das Problem der Umverteilung einer Anzahl von Einheiten, die über ein geografisches Gebiet verteilt sind. Jede Einheit besteht aus einer Reihe von Komponenten. Ein Wert zwischen 0 und 1 beschreibt die aktuelle Bewertung jeder Komponente. Durch eine stückweise lineare Funktion wird dieser Wert in eine nominale Zustandsbewertung umgerechnet. Der niedrigste Status bestimmt die Effizienz einer Einheit und der höchste Status seine Kosten. Eine unausgeglichene Einheit weist eine Lücke zwischen diesen beiden auf. Um die Einheiten neu auszubalancieren, können Komponenten übertragen werden. Ziel ist es, die Effizienz aller Einheiten zu maximieren. Auf einer untergeordneten Ebene sollten die Kosten für die Umverteilung minimal sein. Für dieses Problem stellen wir eine gemischt-ganzzahlige nichtlineare Modellformulierung vor, die die potenzielle Bewegung von Komponenten als Mehrgüterfluss beschreibt. Die stückweise linearen Funktionen, die zum Erhalten der Statuswerte benötigt werden, werden unter Verwendung von Ungleichungen und binären Variablen umformuliert. Dies führt zu einem gemischt-ganzzahligen linearen Programm, und numerische Standardlöser sind in der Lage, beweisbar optimale Lösungen für Instanzen mit bis zu 100 Einheiten zu berechnen. Wir präsentieren numerische Lösungen für eine Reihe von Testinstanzen und eine bikriterielle Zielfunktion und diskutieren den Kompromiss zwischen Kosten und Effizienz.
description: Cottbus Mathematical Preprints; 22, 2021
title: Sustainable financing for global mental health: the role of external funding for mental health in low- and middle-income countries
Creators: name: Iemmi, Valentina
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2023

description: Over 1 billion people live with mental disorders globally. Three out of four of these live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where mental disorders fail to attract enough resources to mitigate against the effects on opportunity, social inclusion and quality of life. In the context of increasing economic pressure brought by COVID-19 response and future recovery, external actors could unlock additional funds. This thesis therefore aims to identify who those external actors are in global mental health and to understand their roles so as to inform policy planning and sustainable financing. I use a multimethod research design. The first empirical chapter presents a new typology of external actors in global health, which is used to structure a systematic mapping of the evidence on external actors investing in mental health in LMICs. Findings reveal the existence of a large ecosystem of external organisations and individuals. Cognisant of the increased influence of philanthropy in global health, the second empirical chapter analyses trends in philanthropic development assistance for mental health (DAMH) in 156 countries between 2000 and 2015. Results suggest philanthropy plays a critical role, but my findings also highlight substantial inequalities. The third empirical chapter analyses factors at recipient country-level potentially associated with DAMH allocation, using a two-part regression model applied to a time series cross-sectional dataset for 142 LMICs between 2000 and 2015. The analyses show that external actors’ disbursements are not well aligned with mental health needs of recipient countries, and contextual factors might be playing more prominent roles in resource allocation. Finally, the fourth empirical chapter uses 35 elite interviews and documentary analyses to explore how and why external organisations have invested in mental health in LMICs over the last three decades and changes over time. Findings uncover numerous activities supported by external organisations, and factors shaping their decisions at four levels (organisations, source and recipient countries, global landscape). Overall, this thesis underscores the important roles of external actors in sustainable mental health financing in LMICs.
Mass and mixing of fermions from a rotating mass matrix
Creators: name: Tsou, ST
name: Palmer, JS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize the results showing that all existing data on mixing between up and down fermion states (i.e. CKM matrix and neutrino oscillations) and on the hierarchical quark and lepton mass ratios between generations are consistent with the two phenomena being both consequences of a mass matrix rotating in generation space with changing energy scale. Thus the rotation of the mass matrix can be traced over some 14 orders of magnitude in energy from the mass scale of the $t$-quark at 175 GeV to below that of the atmospheric neutrino at 0.05 eV.
description: 13 pages latex, with 7 figures. to appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
The Triumph of Death : Another look at the Camposanto Frescos
Creators: name: Alarcon, Carolina
name: Butler Wingfield, Kim
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
Unblind Your Apps: Predicting Natural-Language Labels for Mobile GUI Components by Deep Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Jieshan
name: Chen, Chunyang
name: Xing, Zhenchang
name: Xu, Xiwei
name: Zhu, Liming
name: Li, Guoqiang
name: Wang, Jinshui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2; H.5.0

description: According to the World Health Organization(WHO), it is estimated that approximately 1.3 billion people live with some forms of vision impairment globally, of whom 36 million are blind. Due to their disability, engaging these minority into the society is a challenging problem. The recent rise of smart mobile phones provides a new solution by enabling blind users' convenient access to the information and service for understanding the world. Users with vision impairment can adopt the screen reader embedded in the mobile operating systems to read the content of each screen within the app, and use gestures to interact with the phone. However, the prerequisite of using screen readers is that developers have to add natural-language labels to the image-based components when they are developing the app. Unfortunately, more than 77% apps have issues of missing labels, according to our analysis of 10,408 Android apps. Most of these issues are caused by developers' lack of awareness and knowledge in considering the minority. And even if developers want to add the labels to UI components, they may not come up with concise and clear description as most of them are of no visual issues. To overcome these challenges, we develop a deep-learning based model, called LabelDroid, to automatically predict the labels of image-based buttons by learning from large-scale commercial apps in Google Play. The experimental results show that our model can make accurate predictions and the generated labels are of higher quality than that from real Android developers.
description: Accepted to 42nd International Conference on Software Engineering
Pairing patterns in one-dimensional spin- and mass-imbalanced Fermi gases
Creators: name: Rammelmüller, Lukas
name: Drut, Joaquín E.
name: Braun, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spin- and mass-imbalanced mixtures of spin-$\tfrac{1}{2}$ fermions interacting via an attractive contact potential in one spatial dimension. Specifically, we address the influence of unequal particle masses on the pair formation by means of the complex Langevin method. By computing the pair-correlation function and the associated pair-momentum distribution we find that inhomogeneous pairing is present for all studied spin polarizations and mass imbalances. To further characterize the pairing behavior, we analyze the density-density correlations in momentum space, the so-called shot noise, which is experimentally accessible through time-of-flight imaging. At finite spin polarization, the latter is known to show distinct maxima at momentum configurations associated with the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) instability. Besides those maxima, we find that additional features emerge in the noise correlations when mass imbalance is increased, revealing the stability of FFLO-type correlations against mass imbalance and furnishing an experimentally accessible signature to probe this type of pairing.
description: minor revisions to original version
Icosahedral multi-component model sets
Creators: name: Cotfas, Nicolae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C23

description: A quasiperiodic packing Q of interpenetrating copies of C, most of them only partially occupied, can be defined in terms of the strip projection method for any icosahedral cluster C. We show that in the case when the coordinates of the vectors of C belong to the quadratic field Q[\sqrt{5}] the dimension of the superspace can be reduced, namely, Q can be re-defined as a multi-component model set by using a 6-dimensional superspace.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX2e in IOP style
An investigation into sustainable brewpub planning
Creators: name: Chen, Rita
name: Huang, Cary
name: Liu, Kevin
name: Ko, Willy
name: Wang, Jamie
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The Brewpub is one of the topics of interests to be designed and built in the new Student Union Building (New SUB) that will achieve a large degree of sustainability. It will serve as a beer supplier to UBC community including the Pit and the Perch pubs that are also to be built in the new SUB. There is also a possibility that the UBC beer could be sold to other places on campus. To achieve sustainability, the new brewpub will obtain all the necessary ingredients (hops, barley, yeast and etc)to brew beer from local farmers/suppliers. A few of these suppliers include the UBC farm on Southcampass Road and Dan’s Homebrewing Supplies on East Hastings Street all located in Vancouver. The beer will also be primarily sold to UBC community and other places located on campus. This in turn makes the brewpub more environmentally friendly since there is far less fuel consumption in shipping and transportation process. The residual ingredients resulted from brewing could also be harvested and used to feed livestock or used to generate energy via a process known as anaerobic digestion. The significant heat resulted from boiling the wort could also be used to co-operate with the new SUB’s central heating systems to reduce energy needed to heat the building. The cooling of the boiled wort could also be performed using a plate heat exchanger. This method not only cool the wort but also heat up the coolant (usually water) which can be harvested and stored for other uses. The packaging of the beer is equally important in term of achieving sustainability. For a new brewpub, the use of a 2 litre or 4 litre growlers is a more economical means to sell take-out beer. It is a durable jug usually made out of glass or ceramic and it allows a customer to refill his or her beer rather than buying a new jug. Since the popularity of this “UBC beer” is yet unknown, growler proves to be a good packaging method to start. At a long run, however, an automatic filling and packaging unit proves to be a economic investment as it speeds up production of the beer significantly. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Vision Needs of Children Who Failed School-based Vision Screening with and without Eyeglasses
Creators: name: Shakarchi, Ahmed F.
name: Xinxing Guo
name: Friedman, David S.
name: Repka, Michael X.
name: Collins, Megan E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: To compare the vision needs of children wearing and not wearing eyeglasses who failed school-based vision screening. Students aged 4 to 16 years in 41 Baltimore City schools were screened using distance visual acuity (VA) and photoscreening. Students failing screening underwent school-based non-cycloplegic examination. We compared students who were wearing eyeglasses at failed screening with those not wearing eyeglasses with respect to age, sex, right-eye refractive error, right-eye presenting, and best-corrected VA (BCVA). A total of 2176 students failed screening and completed the examination; 94 (4.3%) failed while wearing eyeglasses. Students wearing eyeglasses were older (mean age 10.2 vs 8.8 years, p p p p = .004), and severe astigmatism, ≥3.00 D of cylinder (14.9% vs 7.0%, p = .008) were more common in students wearing eyeglasses. The prescription rate was higher for students wearing eyeglasses at failed screening compared with those not (95.7% vs 80.4%, p p = .6). Children who fail vision screening while wearing eyeglasses nearly always needed an updated prescription and had more severe refractive errors than those not wearing eyeglasses. However, the community referral rate was the same for both groups. School-based programs can support children currently wearing eyeglasses that may be incorrect or outdated.
Tintoretto's Revision Of Ovid's Metamorphoses
Creators: name: Alarcon, Carolina
name: Garrard, Mary D.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
Rebirth and Humanity : Incarnationist Theology and Stained Glass in the Florence Cathedral Dome
Creators: name: Bloom, Kelly
name: Butler Wingfield, Kim
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
Extended Material and Methods
Creators: name: Tasnia Rahman
name: Munz, Martin
name: Kutsarova, Elena
name: Bilash, Olesia
name: Ruthazer, Edward
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: The extended material and methods for Rahman et al. Stentian structural plasticity in the developing visual system
Source of Beauty : Aesthetic Refinement in the Work of Thomas Wilmer Dewing
Creators: name: Bloom, Kelly
name: Langa, Helen
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
An Information-Theoretic Link Between Spacetime Symmetries and Quantum Linearity
Creators: name: Parwani, Rajesh R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nonlinear generalisation of Schrodinger's equation is obtained using information-theoretic arguments. The nonlinearities are controlled by an intrinsic length scale and involve derivatives to all orders thus making the equation mildly nonlocal. The nonlinear equation is homogeneous, separable, conserves probability, but is not invariant under spacetime symmetries. Spacetime symmetries are recovered when a dimensionless parameter is tuned to vanish, whereby linearity is simultaneously established and the length scale becomes hidden. It is thus suggested that if, in the search for a more basic foundation for Nature's Laws, an inference principle is given precedence over symmetry requirements, then the symmetries of spacetime and the linearity of quantum theory might both be emergent properties that are intrinsically linked. Supporting arguments are provided for this point of view and some testable phenomenological consequences highlighted. The generalised Klien-Gordon and Dirac equations are also studied, leading to the suggestion that nonlinear quantum dynamics with intrinsically broken spacetime symmetries might be relevant to understanding the problem of neutrino mass(lessness) and oscillations: Among other observations, this approach hints at the existence of a hidden discrete family symmetry in the Standard Model of particle physics.
description: 43 pages; minor revisions. essentially journal version