cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cumulative Risk, Parenting Behaviors, and the Development of Executive Functions in Early Childhood: A Role for Physiological Self-Regulation?
Creators: name: Holochwost, Steven John
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: The present study examined the associations among cumulative risk, parenting behaviors, and executive functions in a longitudinal sample of young children. In addition, it assessed the role of physiological self-regulation as a potential moderator of the relationships of both risk and parenting with executive functions. Exposure to cumulative risk over the first year of life was found to predict composite measures of maternal sensitivity and negative-intrusiveness. Among African American children, cumulative risk also predicted executive functions at school entry, but this relationship was not observed among European American children. Instead, among European American children the effects of cumulative risk on executive functions were mediated by negative-intrusiveness. Physiological self-regulation was operationalized as membership in one of five clusters extracted from the joint basal activity of the parasympathetic nervous system, the sympathetic nervous system, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Thus defined, physiological self-regulation moderated the effect of cumulative risk on the development of executive functions. These results are discussed in the context of developmental trajectories within each physiological system and the unexpected relationships of ethnicity with risk, parenting, executive functions, and physiological self-regulation.
Low temperature thermodynamic investigation of the phase diagram of Sr$_3$Ru$_2$O$_7$
Creators: name: Sun, Dan
name: Rost, Andreas
name: Perry, Robin
name: Mackenzie, Andrew
name: Brando, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the phase diagram of Sr$_3$Ru$_2$O$_7$ by means of heat capacity and magnetocaloric effect measurements at temperatures as low as 0.06 K and fields up to 12 T. We confirm the presence of a new quantum critical point at 7.5 T which is characterized by a strong non-Fermi-liquid behavior of the electronic specific heat coefficient $Δ$C/T $\sim$ -logT over more than a decade in temperature,placing strong constraints on theories of its criticality. In particular logarithmic corrections are found when the dimension d is equal to the dynamic critical exponent z, in contrast to the conclusion proposed recently [Y. Tokiwa et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 226402 (2016)]. Moreover, we achieved a clear determination of the new second thermodynamic phase adjoining the first one at lower temperatures. Its thermodynamic features differ significantly from those of the dominant phase and characteristics expected of classical equilibrium phase transitions are not observed, indicating fundamental differences in the phase formation.
Textiles: Tactile and Dynamic Display Practices in Museums
Creators: name: Marriott, Hannah E
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: The problems of textile display for conservation’s sake are explored, as well as the question of why textiles are important to display. Fiber and Textile specific museums display textiles in a way that is more visitor-oriented as compared to large museums that have a wider display of art. Textile artists have also presented visitor-oriented exhibitions, where visitors can touch and interact with the art. Modern textile art and artists are discussed, and how they make tactile exhibitions. Textile museums are places where they can further the importance of textiles by educating visitors. Classes that textile museums can also address the lack of textile education elsewhere, including how to reduce waste by offering classes for mending and repurposing.
Infeção pelo Vírus do Papiloma Humano: discussão de um caso clínico no âmbito de citologia ginecológica
Creators: name: Eliseu, C
name: I, Murça
name: V, Sousa
name: P, Agapito
Publisher: name: Citotech Online - Case Review
Year: 2023

description: A infeção pelo Vírus do Papiloma Humano (HPV) é um problema de saúde pública a nível mundial.Anualmente, e associado ao cancro do colo do útero (CCU), infeções persistentes por estipes oncogénicas estão na base do desenvolvimento de milhões de lesões pré-neoplásicas e neoplásicas em mulheres. A citologia desempenha um papel fundamental na identificação destas lesões, uma vez que, quer o exame citológico convencional, quer o em meio líquido, consistem numa medida de prevenção essencial. Para além do baixo custo e fácil acesso, estes permitem a deteção de lesões pré-neoplásicas em mulheres que ainda não apresentem sintomas, para que possam receber o tratamento adequado e evitar que as lesões progridam para CCU. A atribuição de um diagnóstico em citologia nem sempre éfácil e diagnósticos diferenciais devem ser ponderados pelo citologista, de modo a evitar erros de interpretação. Neste trabalho, é apresentado um caso clínico de uma mulher de 70 anos, à qual foi realizado um esfregaço cervico-vaginal convencional e no qual era possível observar um epitélio atrófico com presença de células atípicas. Este tipo de epitélio pode fazer diagnóstico diferencial com lesões docolo do útero, nomeadamente com lesão intraepitelial de alto grau (HSIL), pelo que é importante identificar e discutir as características citomorfológicas usadas para a atribuição do resultado citológico.
description: Citotech Online - Case Review, N.º 7 (2022)
The development of Poland's right: from reliance on historical rivalries to stable party platforms
Creators: name: Timidaiski, Ashley Karen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Many predicted that Poland's developing political party system would favor a strong right wing due to several preexisting qualities: Poland's less oppressive communist regime, the strong presence of the Catholic Church in Polish society, and the power of Solidarity - Poland's exceptionally large anti-communist opposition movement. However Poland's Right remained weak and fragmented for over a decade after the transition from communism. This thesis posits that the weakness of Poland's Right was due to their reliance on historical rivalries between the Solidarity-successor and Communist-successor parties as a campaign platform instead of creating a cohesive political ideology under unified leadership, as was exemplified by the failed right-wing coalition of the 1990s, Solidarity Electoral Action. In conclusion, it was not until the 2005 and 2007 elections, when the Right was forced to compete against each other, that the historical rivalry strategy was abandoned, resulting in two stable mass parties on the Right.
title: Снижение трансакционных затрат в строительстве за счёт оптимизации информационного пространства
Creators: name: Асаул А.Н.
name:  Иванов С.Н.
Publisher: name: Институт проблем экономического возрождения
Year: 2008

description: В книге исследуются теоретические положения и методологические подходы к моделированию информационного взаимодействия участников регионального ИСК. Проведен анализ современных моделей информационного пространства ИСК и раскрыта роль информационной инфраструктуры в эффективном функционировании участников регионального ИСК. Разработаны методические рекомендации по оценке экономической эффективности и результативности сетевой информационной системы, предложены методы и организационные приемы внедрения сетевой информационной системы в информационную структуру регионального ИСК. Предложена концепция единой информационной системы регионального ИСК на основе комплексного анализа интеграции информационных потоков, исследованы возможности использования концепции как механизма формирования коммуникационных взаимосвязей между участниками инвестиционно-строительной деятельности, реализующими стратегию снижения трансакционных издержек.
description: The book examines theoretical concepts and methodological approaches to the modeling of the information interaction of participants of regional ACTION. The analysis of modern models of the information space of action and the role of information infrastructure in the efficient functioning of the regional CLAIM. The methodical recommendations for assessing the efficiency and effectiveness of network information system, the proposed methods and institutional methods of implementation of network information system in the information structure of the regional CLAIM. The proposed concept of a unified information system of regional CLAIM on the basis of the complex analysis of integration of information flows, investigated the possibilities of using the concept as mechanism of formation of communication linkages between participants of investment and construction activities, implement a strategy to reduce transaction costs.
Coqblin-Schrieffer Model for an Ultra-cold Gas of Ytterbium atoms with Metastable States
Creators: name: Kuzmenko, Igor
name: Kuzmenko, Tetyana
name: Avishai, Yshai
name: Jo, Gyu-Boong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the impressive recent advance in manipulating cold ytterbium atoms we explore and substantiate the feasibility of realizing the Coqblin-Schrieffer model in a gas of cold fermionic $^{173}$Yb atoms. Making use of different AC polarizabillity of the electronic ground state (electronic configuration $^1S_0$) and the long lived metastable state (electronic configuration $^3P_0$), it is substantiated that the latter can be localized and serve as a magnetic impurity while the former remains itinerant. The exchange mechanism between the itinerant $^1S_0$ and the localized $^3P_0$ atoms is analyzed and shown to be antiferromagnetic. The ensuing SU(6) symmetric Coqblin-Schrieffer Hamiltonian is constructed, and, using the calculated exchange constant $J$, perturbative RG analysis yield the Kondo temperature $T_K$ that is experimentally accessible. A number of thermodynamic measurable observables are calculated in the weak coupling regime $T>T_K$ (using perturbative RG analysis) and in the strong coupling regime $T
description: 17 pages, 11 eps figures, exchange interaction corrected
Recursive structures in the cohomology of flag varieties
Creators: name: Richmond, Edward
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Let G be a semisimple complex algebraic group and P be a parabolic subgroup of G and consider the flag variety G/P. The ring H*(G/P) has interesting combinatorial structures with respect to the additive basis of Schubert classes. For example, if G = SL(n) and P is a maximal parabolic, then G/P is a Grassmannian and the structure constants of H*(G/P) with respect to the Schubert classes are governed by Schur polynomials and the Littlewood-Richardson rule. We consider the flag varieties associated to the groups G = SL(n) and Sp(2n) and take P to be any parabolic subgroup (not necessarily maximal). We find that H*(G/P) exhibits Horn recursion on a certain deformation of the cup product. Horn recursion is a term used to describe when non-vanishing products of Schubert classes in H*(G/P) are characterized by inequalities parameterized by similar non-vanishing products in the cohomology of smaller flag varieties. We also find that if a product of Schubert classes is non-vanishing on this deformation, then the associated structure constant can be written as a product of structure constants coming from induced maximal flag varieties.
Faster Algorithms for the Maximum Common Subtree Isomorphism Problem
Creators: name: Droschinsky, Andre
name: Kriege, Nils M.
name: Mutzel, Petra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2

description: The maximum common subtree isomorphism problem asks for the largest possible isomorphism between subtrees of two given input trees. This problem is a natural restriction of the maximum common subgraph problem, which is ${\sf NP}$-hard in general graphs. Confining to trees renders polynomial time algorithms possible and is of fundamental importance for approaches on more general graph classes. Various variants of this problem in trees have been intensively studied. We consider the general case, where trees are neither rooted nor ordered and the isomorphism is maximum w.r.t. a weight function on the mapped vertices and edges. For trees of order $n$ and maximum degree $Δ$ our algorithm achieves a running time of $\mathcal{O}(n^2Δ)$ by exploiting the structure of the matching instances arising as subproblems. Thus our algorithm outperforms the best previously known approaches. No faster algorithm is possible for trees of bounded degree and for trees of unbounded degree we show that a further reduction of the running time would directly improve the best known approach to the assignment problem. Combining a polynomial-delay algorithm for the enumeration of all maximum common subtree isomorphisms with central ideas of our new algorithm leads to an improvement of its running time from $\mathcal{O}(n^6+Tn^2)$ to $\mathcal{O}(n^3+TnΔ)$, where $n$ is the order of the larger tree, $T$ is the number of different solutions, and $Δ$ is the minimum of the maximum degrees of the input trees. Our theoretical results are supplemented by an experimental evaluation on synthetic and real-world instances.
The methodology of resonant equiangular composite quantum gates
Creators: name: Low, Guang Hao
name: Yoder, Theodore J.
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The creation of composite quantum gates that implement quantum response functions $\hat{U}(θ)$ dependent on some parameter of interest $θ$ is often more of an art than a science. Through inspired design, a sequence of $L$ primitive gates also depending on $θ$ can engineer a highly nontrivial $\hat{U}(θ)$ that enables myriad precision metrology, spectroscopy, and control techniques. However, discovering new, useful examples of $\hat{U}(θ)$ requires great intuition to perceive the possibilities, and often brute-force to find optimal implementations. We present a systematic and efficient methodology for composite gate design of arbitrary length, where phase-controlled primitive gates all rotating by $θ$ act on a single spin. We fully characterize the realizable family of $\hat{U}(θ)$, provide an efficient algorithm that decomposes a choice of $\hat{U}(θ)$ into its shortest sequence of gates, and show how to efficiently choose an achievable $\hat{U}(θ)$ that for fixed $L$, is an optimal approximation to objective functions on its quadratures. A strong connection is forged with \emph{classical} discrete-time signal processing, allowing us to swiftly construct, as examples, compensated gates with optimal bandwidth that implement arbitrary single spin rotations with sub-wavelength spatial selectivity.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. v3: fixed typo in Eq.21
Making maps that matter?: the role of geospatial information in addressing rural landscape change
Creators: name: Norwood, Carla Michele
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Rural communities with bountiful natural amenities are attracting unprecedented in-migration. When unmanaged, the ensuing development threatens the ecological and cultural assets that are driving growth and valued by many residents. Despite the availability of geospatial analysis and visualization tools that seem well-suited to aiding community deliberations about land use planning and common pool resources, these tools have rarely been shown to effectively help communities understand and address threats to their landscape. Through a multi-year, mixed-method participatory research process with community partners in Macon County, North Carolina, I have studied the potential of geospatial information to enjoy increased local relevance, become more accessible to local discussions, and better engage local stakeholders. I co-developed an iterative research process that draws on critical GIS and participatory research traditions, using ethnographic interviews to guide geospatial analysis and mapping. I produced maps and landscape visualizations that successfully contributed to efforts to engage local residents in discussions about their changing community. I also studied how maps contribute to local planning efforts and their effect on attitudes towards planning. I found that maps designed to be relevant to local planning discussions can support more deliberative discussion and successful public engagement, aid in the recognition and articulation of shared community goals that challenge dominant pro-growth narratives, and enhance local capacity for planning and resource management. Further, the maps produced in community-driven processes both reflect and shape the shifting discursive strategies through which land use planning or conservation advocates navigate amenity migration landscapes. However, simply supplying visual information about growth and development trends in an experimental mail survey did not affect attitudes towards planning measures. This research addresses critical but often unasked questions about the relationship between research and on-the-ground outcomes. It should be of interest to landscape change researchers who want their findings to inform land use decision making, critical GIS scholars who are interested in applications, participatory researchers interested in GIS and iterative research designs, and local leaders who want to better engage residents in thinking about changing landscapes and growth management.
Transatlantic Differences in GMO Preferences
Creators: name: Bauer, Melody
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: ABSTRACT
      Melody Bauer: Transatlantic Differences in GMO Preferences
      (Under the direction of Gary Marks)
      The transatlantic divide between the United States and the European Union on genetically modified organisms is reflected in the distinct regulatory approaches, levels in crop cultivation, and consumer acceptance. The purpose of this paper is to outline the key characteristics of the different attitudes and regulatory approaches on genetically engineered crops and food as well as connect the dots of the preferences of the actors involved and how they have influenced consumers’ preferences, the policymaking process, and regulatory outcomes. Public opinion, institutional structures, and cultural approaches to agriculture, and land usage are among the key features that help to explain the contrasting approaches and regulatory outcomes seen in the United States and the European Union.
"Remembering Together": Huaytom Community and the Use of Narrative in a Time of Transition
Creators: name: Promsen, Patawee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This thesis examines how the Karen people of Huaytom community in Li District, Lamphun Province, Thailand use narratives as a means to keep their charismatic leader, Kruba Wong, present in their lives. Kruba Wong was a monk who founded the community in 1971, directed the community for almost thirty years, and is still influential to the Karen villagers until now even though he died in 2000. This thesis explores the ways in which these people deal with a transition: a time when Kruba Wong is not there with them anymore. In this situation, the Karen of Huaytom have their own ways to make their leader present and to avoid the need for a new leader. Their collective memories of Kruba Wong, their passionate feelings toward him, and their beliefs in him lead them to tell the stories about him. And by telling, retelling, and commemorating these stories, the people of Huaytom revive Kruba Wong and maintain a situation in which he has never really left them.
Evaluation of 4D reconstruction methods for gated cardiac SPECT imaging in obese patients
Creators: name: Sayeram, Sunita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study is to evaluate 4D reconstruction methods for the processing of gated cardiac single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images from obese patients. Gated SPECT on obese patients is extremely noisy and often clinically useless; it is hypothesized that 4D reconstruction methods may help. The methods compared are the ordered-subsets expectation-maximization (OS-EM) algorithm with a 3D Gaussian filter, OS-EM with a 3D Gaussian combined with a time-domain Butterworth filter, and the rescaled block-iterative maximum a posteriori (RBI-MAP) algorithm with Gibbs priors for spatial and time-domain smoothing. Clinical gated SPECT data were used to derive a table of Tc-99m tetrofosmin activity uptake ratios. Moderately and morbidly obese male and female phantom models were created for the 4D NURBS-based Cardiac Torso (NCAT) phantom, and mild and severe motion defects were generated in addition to a normal heart model. A blood pool phantom study enabled optimization of reconstruction parameters for the methods so they result in similar noise statistics in the heart. Poisson noise was added to the projection data (including the effects of detector response, attenuation and scatter) generated from the phantoms. The noisy phantom and patient projection data were reconstructed with the three methods, and imported onto the clinical workstations, to be analyzed with the Quantitative Gated SPECT (QGS) software. Quantitative parameters (chamber volumes) were recorded for the phantom and patient data. Statistical analysis led to the conclusion that OS-EM with 4D filtering was markedly different, a result confirmed in the normal phantom models, with better quantitation. Visually, RBI-MAP appeared to result in smoother, more realistic cardiac motion. A preference study was performed with four physicians who read the patient images using QGS and rated them on a 7-point scale to indicate which method most improved their confidence in the diagnoses. The one-way ANOVA showed no significant difference in preference for the processing methods. The conclusion is that the choice of reconstruction method may make more of a difference in patients with greater heart motion, and that the OS-EM method with 4D filtering may have an advantage over the other methods when it comes to LV chamber volume quantification.
Highly efficient coherent optical memory based on electromagnetically induced transparency
Creators: name: Hsiao, Ya-Fen
name: Tsai, Pin-Ju
name: Chen, Hung-Shiue
name: Lin, Sheng-Xiang
name: Hung, Chih-Chiao
name: Lee, Chih-Hsi
name: Chen, Yi-Hsin
name: Chen, Yong-Fan
name: Yu, Ite A.
name: Chen, Ying-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum memory is an important component in the long-distance quantum communication system based on the quantum repeater protocol. To outperform the direct transmission of photons with quantum repeaters, it is crucial to develop quantum memories with high fidelity, high efficiency and a long storage time. Here, we achieve a storage efficiency of 92.0(1.5)\% for a coherent optical memory based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) scheme in optically dense cold atomic media. We also obtain a useful time-bandwidth product of 1200, considering only storage where the retrieval efficiency remains above 50\%. Both are the best record to date in all kinds of the schemes for the realization of optical memory. Our work significantly advances the pursuit of a high-performance optical memory and should have important applications in quantum information science.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, supplementary materials: 12 pages, 4 figures
Pulp revascularization of immature dog teeth with apical periodontitis
Creators: name: Thibodeau, Blayne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Purpose: to examine ability of collagen solution (CS) to aid revascularization of necrotic infected root canals in immature dog teeth. Sixty immature teeth (6 dogs) were infected, disinfected and randomized into experimental groups: 1: no further treatment; 2: blood in canal; 3: CS in canal; 4: CS+blood; 5: negative controls (natural development). Uncorrected Chi-squared analysis of radiographic results showed no statistical differences (p greater than or eqal to 0.05) between experimental groups regarding healing of radiolucencies or radicular thickening; however, group 2 showed significantly more apical closure than group 1 (p=0.01). There were no statistical differences between experimental groups for histological results. Groups 1-4 (previously infected) showed positive radiographic outcomes (thickened walls in 35.4%, apical closure in 54.9%, healing radiolucencies in 65.9%) and histologic outcomes (thickened walls in 43.9%, apical closure in 54.9%, new luminal tissue in 29.3%). A collagen solution did not aid revascularization of disinfected immature dog root canal systems, but revascularization is possible.
Discrete approximations of determinantal point processes on continuous spaces: tree representations and tail triviality
Creators: name: Osada, Hirofumi
name: Osada, Shota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20, 82C22, 82B21, 60K35

description: We prove tail triviality of determinantal point processes $ μ$ on continuous spaces. Tail triviality had been proved for such processes only on discrete spaces, and hence we have generalized the result to continuous spaces. To do this, we construct tree representations, that is, discrete approximations of determinantal point processes enjoying a determinantal structure. There are many interesting examples of determinantal point processes on continuous spaces such as zero points of the hyperbolic Gaussian analytic function with Bergman kernel, and the thermodynamic limit of eigenvalues of Gaussian random matrices for Sine$_2 $, Airy$_2 $, Bessel$_2 $, and Ginibre point processes. Tail triviality of $ μ$ plays a significant role in proving the uniqueness of solutions of infinite-dimensional stochastic differential equations (ISDEs) associated with $ μ$. For particle systems in $ \R $ arising from random matrix theory, there are two completely different constructions of natural stochastic dynamics. One is given by stochastic analysis through ISDEs and Dirichlet form theory, and the other is an algebraic method based on space-time correlation functions. Tail triviality is used crucially to prove the equivalence of these two stochastic dynamics.
description: 16 pages, published in Journal of Statistical Physics, 170(2018), no.2, 421--435. (open access)
Disciplining Disruption: Regulation and Surveillance of Public Spaces of Protest
Creators: name: Murray, Billie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The analyses presented in this dissertation are guided by two broad questions. First, how do material elements of the public sphere (i.e.; access to, use, and regulations of public space, physical barriers, proximities among protesters, audiences, and counterprotesters, and police presence/absence) enable or constrain protest? And second, in what ways are we to understand and/or account for the rhetorical effects of protest, including disruption, in such contexts? I address these questions by exploring the current shape of the public sphere though thick descriptions of the public spaces of protest I have encountered during my fieldwork with North Carolina Stop Torture Now. Drawing on the work of Michel Foucault, I argue that these regulations and surveillance practices discipline protest, particularly in its disruptive function. These extensive examples reveal how disciplinary power is locally dispersed, ubiquitous, and internalized by activists and supporters of the status quo. However, because relations of power and resistance exist in an indefinite and at times, contradictory, struggle, I argue that although protest is subject to disciplinary practices, protesters can and do challenge these technologies through creative disruption. These disruptions in localized spaces of protest can create a productive tension in the face of complacency and the taken-for-granted legitimacy of the status quo. I argue that creative disruption has the effects of stirring people to anger, inviting dispute, creating contentious spaces and/or creating dissatisfaction with the status quo. These spaces and the practices therein contribute to an understanding of the public sphere as material.
title: Nighttime Traffic Volume Predicts Risk of Deer–Vehicle Collisions
Creators: name: Stickles, James H.
name: Cohen, Bradley S.
name: Osborn, David A.
name: Warren, Robert J.
name: D'Angelo, Gino J.
name: Miller, Karl V.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Annually, in the United States, >1 million deer (Odocoileus spp.)–vehicle collisions are reported, resulting in losses of $4.6 billion in vehicle damage and medical expenses. Wildlife and transportation managers require better information about traffic volumes relative to seasonal and diurnal deer movement patterns to appropriately evaluate the risks associated with deer–vehicle collisions (DVCs). We incorporated traffic volume data with DVC data and the movement rates and incidences of road crossings by white-tailed deer (O. virginianus) to evaluate if traffic volume or deer behaviors mediate the incidence of DVCs along a high-volume interstate highway in Morgan County in central Georgia, USA. From May 2012 to July 2014, we monitored the movements and survival of 25 deer (13 males, 12 females) instrumented with global positioning system (GPS) collars in an area 1.6 km north and south of a 7.7-km section of Interstate 20 in our study area. We used a linear mixed model to quantify the effects of mean traffic volume and total road crossings on DVCs for each hour of the day. Deer movements and DVCs were primarily crepuscular. Approximately 60% of GPS-collared deer crossed roads; 7 deer accounted for >90% of all road crossings. Approximately 73% of daily traffic occurred between 0700 and 1859 hours. Nearly twice the number of daily DVCs occurred during the fall (9.8 DVCs/day) than during the next highest season (winter; 4.9 DVCs/day). Although DVCs occurred at greater frequencies during crepuscular periods, results of our linear mixed model suggested only nighttime traffic volume predicted DVCs. The relationship between nighttime DVCs and traffic volume is likely due to the inability of drivers to perceive deer in a roadway during this time. We recommend mitigation efforts focus on increasing driver vigilance and reducing vehicle speed during nighttime periods, especially during the fall season.
An example of a $P$-minimal structure without definable Skolem functions
Creators: name: Kovacsics, Pablo Cubides
name: Nguyen, Kien Huu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12J12, 03C99, 12J25

description: We show there are intermediate $P$-minimal structures between the semi-algebraic and sub-analytic languages which do not have definable Skolem functions. As a consequence, by a result of Mourgues, this shows there are $P$-minimal structures which do not admit classical cell decomposition.
description: 9 pages, (added missing grant acknowledgement)
Deconstructing Mindfulness and Constructing Mental Health: Understanding Mindfulness and Its Mechanisms of Action
Creators: name: Coffey, Kimberly A.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2009

description: Mindfulness is associated with improved mental health, but the mechanisms by which it influences mental health are currently unclear. The sequence of two studies presented here attempted to better understand mindfulness, as a construct, and explored the potential mechanisms by which it might influence mental health. These studies examined mindfulness as a naturally-varying, individual difference in a non-clinical sample of undergraduate participants. The first study examined the factor structure of current measures of mindfulness and emotion regulation. Results indicated that the terms mindfulness and emotion regulation refer to heterogeneous and overlapping constructs, and may be more accurately thought of as present-centered attention, acceptance of experience, clarity about one's internal experience, and the ability to manage negative emotions. Furthermore, clarity and the ability to manage negative emotions may be sequelae of the two most commonly-recognized components of mindfulness, present-centered attention and acceptance of experience. The second study explored the possible mediating roles of clarity about one's internal life, the ability to manage negative emotions, non-attachment (or the extent to which one's happiness is independent of specific outcomes and events), and rumination in the relationship between mindfulness and two aspects of mental health, psychological distress and flourishing mental health. Results indicated that present-centered attention and acceptance of one's experience contributed to greater clarity about one's internal life, which in turn contributed to an increased ability to regulate negative affect. This ability was associated with a decreased tendency to view one's happiness as contingent upon external circumstances, which was in turn associated with less rumination. Increased ability to manage negative affect and less rumination were associated with less psychological distress and greater flourishing mental health. Attention exhibited a complex and paradoxical relationship with psychological distress, whereby an increased tendency to observe one's present-moment experience was directly associated with greater psychological distress, but indirectly associated with diminished distress via Attention's salubrious impact on intervening variables in the model.
Variational Quantum Reinforcement Learning via Evolutionary Optimization
Creators: name: Chen, Samuel Yen-Chi
name: Huang, Chih-Min
name: Hsing, Chia-Wei
name: Goan, Hsi-Sheng
name: Kao, Ying-Jer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advance in classical reinforcement learning (RL) and quantum computation (QC) points to a promising direction of performing RL on a quantum computer. However, potential applications in quantum RL are limited by the number of qubits available in the modern quantum devices. Here we present two frameworks of deep quantum RL tasks using a gradient-free evolution optimization: First, we apply the amplitude encoding scheme to the Cart-Pole problem; Second, we propose a hybrid framework where the quantum RL agents are equipped with hybrid tensor network-variational quantum circuit (TN-VQC) architecture to handle inputs with dimensions exceeding the number of qubits. This allows us to perform quantum RL on the MiniGrid environment with 147-dimensional inputs. We demonstrate the quantum advantage of parameter saving using the amplitude encoding. The hybrid TN-VQC architecture provides a natural way to perform efficient compression of the input dimension, enabling further quantum RL applications on noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices.
Human footprints in the Global South accelerate biomass carbon loss in ecologically sensitive regions
Creators: name: Geng, Mengqing
name: Li, Xuecao
name: Mu, Haowei
name: yu, guojiang
name: Chai, Li
name: Yang, Zhongwen
name: Liu, Haimeng
name: Huang, Jianxi
name: Liu, Han
name: Ju, Zhengshan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Human information behaviour
Carbon capture engineering (excl. sequestration)

description: hfp: annual human footprint maps from 2000 to 2018 AGBC_density_300m:aboveground biomass carbon data for 2010
title: Occurrence, Resource Use, and Demography of the Common Raven in North America: a Research Synthesis
Creators: name: Webb, William C.
name: Coates, Peter S.
name: Dettenmaier, Seth J.
name: Delehanty, David J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: We reviewed the scientific literature to inventory existing studies of common raven (Corvus corax; raven) ecology in western North America. We conducted an intial literature review between June 2015 and March 2018. Prior to completing our review, we revisited the published literature for any additional relevant studies in July 2021. Our goal was to identify knowledge gaps and to synthesize the current understanding of environmental features that may support raven populations that pose general threats to biodiversity and sensitive species in particular. We focused our review on studies with direct conservation applications related to 3 processes of raven ecology: occurrence, resource use, and demography. We identified covariates that researchers associated with these processes of raven ecology, and we also quantified the geographic distribution of studies. Our review identified 54 studies, with an increasing number of studies published per decade and a geographic bias characterized by more studies conducted in the Mojave and Columbia Plateau ecoregions than elsewhere. Most studies (44) reported on a single ecological process, but 10 studies reported on multiple ecological processes. Results related to raven occurrence appeared 31 times; demographic results appeared 21 times; and resource use was reported 17 times. We also identified 13 explanatory covariates regularly invoked to explain variation in raven ecological processes. Greater attention was given to covariates including vegetation land cover, human settlement, recreation, and linear rights-of-ways than were used to explain variation in ecological processes. Most demographic studies investigated raven reproduction exclusively, but a small number of studies considered raven survival exclusively or in combination with reproduction. Along with a detailed summary of individual studies provided as an appendix, we intend for our findings to serve as a reference and to help identify future research priorities.
Clinical Implementation of Breast Cancer Genomics
Creators: name: Parker, Joel Stanley
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: Genome-wide mRNA studies in breast cancer have revealed the heterogeneity of breast cancer and helped to characterize the distinct disease states. The gene expression subtypes of breast cancer are associated with prognosis and response to therapy. Thus, subtype diagnosis could influence care, but there exists no clinically available test for subtype assignment. Therefore, the goal of this research was to develop such an assay for biological discovery, and to asses its clinical utility. Clinical classification requires a measurement assay and accompanying quantitative model whose performance has been tested with relevant material using contemporary patient cohorts. A 50 gene qRT-PCR assay was developed using clinically available formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded materials, thus allowing utilization of existing archives. An objective subtype assignment algorithm was simultaneously developed and assessed in a large cohort of patients who received no adjuvant systemic therapy. The assay and algorithm demonstrated prognostic value in old age tissue providing proof of principal for further investigation. The first blinded evaluation used an ER-positive, tamoxifen treated cohort of archived specimens with up to 15 years of follow-up information. Results of this study confirm strong association between subtype assignment and clinical outcomes. These associations validate the available information content, and confirm that the test is capable of identifying subjects for whom no further therapy is needed. This identification is not currently possible, thus the assay demonstrates clear clinical utility in a contemporary cohort. The above studies demonstrate that gene expression-based assignments provide information regarding prognosis and therapeutic response. DNA copy number aberrations (CNA) are also a likely data source of clinical and biological value, and thus, this additional information content was evaluated. Results illustrate specific tumor DNA copy number aberrations hold prognostic value. While these aberrations do not improve on gene expression based models, the CNA model explains similar prognostic variation in luminal tumors and thus may aid by identifying candidate drug targets in these tumors. Based on these studies we have developed a clinical assay for subtype diagnosis, demonstrated that the assay is more informative than clinical markers, and provide the first step toward elucidating tumorigenic pathways in luminal tumors.
Neumann Homogenization via Integro-Differential Operators, Part 2: singular gradient dependence
Creators: name: Guillen, Nestor
name: Schwab, Russell W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B27, 35R09, 45K05

description: We continue the program initiated in a previous work, of applying integro-differential methods to Neumann Homogenization problems. We target the case of linear periodic equations with a singular drift, which includes (with some regularity assumptions) divergence equations with \emph{non-co-normal} oscillatory Neumann conditions. Our analysis focuses on an induced integro-differential homogenization problem on the boundary of the domain. Also, we use homogenization results for regular Dirichlet problems to build barriers for the oscillatory Neumann problem with the singular gradient term. We note that our method allows to recast some existing results for fully nonlinear Neumann homogenization into this same framework. This version is the journal version.
description: This is the revised version that appeared in SIMA
The Prospects for Peace Education in Cyprus: Exploring the Potential for Future Unified Education through the Examination of a Bi-Communal School
Creators: name: Antoniou, Marios
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Peace--Study and teaching
Education

description: This dissertation is the product of the investigation of an educational institution in Cyprus, where supposed enemies share a classroom and a unifying school identity. In 2003, following the opening of a few checkpoints along the dividing line of the island that keeps apart Greek Cypriots in the south and Turkish Cypriots in the north since 1974, "The English School", a prestigious public-private school in the south welcomed the enrollment of Turkish Cypriot students, thus becoming the island's first and only bi-communal public-private secondary school. Schooling has historically been utilized as a tool for constructing unifying national identities. The British colonial exit strategy left Cyprus in confusion between the ethnos and the nation. Cypriots are trapped in an intractable conflict that is rooted in nationalism and education systems contribute to the perpetuation of the conflict. The data collection process was based on a case study that employed the use of an ethnographic research approach within the school, both in and out of the classroom. The research methodology was designed in a manner that placed emphasis on the relationships between Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot students and the interactions between them in their everyday student life. Furthermore, research attention was placed on the curriculum, the school's leadership, instructional practices and the school building itself. This dissertation ultimately seeks to analyze this school as an educational institution in its effort to find its path towards change and adaptation to an integrated bi-communal character while being at the intersection of pedagogy, standardized testing, identity, elitism, politics, and legacy. Despite the school's mission to promote respect for all ethno-religious groups, it has failed to accommodate Muslim students' religious needs while it continues to hold commemorations of Greek national holidays. The research findings suggest that a forced integration agenda has resulted to negative effects, while a laissez-faire approach towards integration does not yield increased communication, understanding and social relationships between the students of the two communities. Therefore, the conclusion calls for an approach based on a carefully planned integration engineering process that would naturally embed the practices of peace education in the existing curriculum.
Metrical star discrepancy bounds for lacunary subsequences of digital Kronecker-sequences and polynomial tractability
Creators: name: Neumüller, Mario
name: Pillichshammer, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11K38, 11K31, 11K45

description: The star discrepancy $D_N^*(\mathcal{P})$ is a quantitative measure for the irregularity of distribution of a finite point set $\mathcal{P}$ in the multi-dimensional unit cube which is intimately related to the integration error of quasi-Monte Carlo algorithms. It is known that for every integer $N \ge 2$ there are point sets $\mathcal{P}$ in $[0,1)^d$ with $|\mathcal{P}|=N$ and $D_N^*(\mathcal{P}) =O((\log N)^{d-1}/N)$. However, for small $N$ compared to the dimension $d$ this asymptotically excellent bound is useless (e.g. for $N \le {\rm e}^{d-1}$). In 2001 it has been shown by Heinrich, Novak, Wasilkowski and Woźniakowski that for every integer $N \ge 2$ there exist point sets $\mathcal{P}$ in $[0,1)^d$ with $|\mathcal{P}|=N$ and $D_N^*(\mathcal{P}) \le C \sqrt{d/N}$. Although not optimal in an asymptotic sense in $N$, this upper bound has a much better (and even optimal) dependence on the dimension $d$. Unfortunately the result by Heinrich et al. and also later variants thereof by other authors are pure existence results and until now no explicit construction of point sets with the above properties are known. Quite recently Löbbe studied lacunary subsequences of Kronecker's $(n \boldsymbolα)$-sequence and showed a metrical discrepancy bound of the form $C \sqrt{d (\log d)/N}$ with implied absolute constant $C>0$ independent of $N$ and $d$. In this paper we show a corresponding result for digital Kronecker sequences, which are a non-archimedean analog of classical Kronecker sequences.