cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Standards – Margins – New Horizons II
Creators: name: Sauer, Jochen
name: Schildhauer, Peter
name: Schröder, Anne
Publisher: name: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung.
Year: 2023

description: Die Einleitung führt in das Themenheft „Standards – Margins – New Horizons II“ ein, in dem die Beiträge der gleichnamigen Konferenz dokumentiert sind, die im Frühjahr 2022 an der Universität Bielefeld stattfand. Diese stellen die Fortsetzung der ersten New Horizons-Konferenz vom Frühjahr 2019 dar, die 2020 als Themenheft der Zeitschrift PFLB (4. Jg., H. 2) dokumentiert wurde. Die Beiträge der „New Horizons II“ diskutieren die Frage, welche sprachlichen, literarischen und kulturellen Kanones für den Fremdsprachenunterricht des 21. Jahrhunderts in den neuen und alten Sprachen maßgeblich sein sollten. Sie widmen sich dabei auch der Problemstellung, welche impliziten und expliziten Kanones derzeitig ausgemacht werden können, welche Akteur*innen diese propagieren und welche Machtstrukturen daraus ersichtlich werden. Die Beiträge überlegen weiterhin, welche Kriterien und Leitlinien für die Canons für 21st-century Teaching genutzt werden können sowie welche konkreten Texte dabei in den Blick geraten. Übergreifend fragen die Beiträge außerdem, was fremdsprachliche Bildung im 21. Jahrhundert bedeutet und welche professionstheoretischen Implikationen sich daraus ergeben. Die neunzehn Beiträge sind in vier Sektionen gegliedert: Critical Literacy, Literaturwissenschaft und Literaturdidaktik, Sprache und Sprachvariation sowie Digitalität.
description: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung., Bd. 5 Nr. 3 (2023): Standards – Margins – New Horizons. Canons for 21st-century Teaching
La racionalidad legislativa en las teorías de la legislación
Creators: name: FRANCO MENDOZA, LUIS EDUARDO
Publisher: name: Università degli studi di Genova
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Rationality of legislation, theories of legislation, rational legislator, nudge, crowdlaw.
subject: Rationality of legislation
subject: theories of legislation
subject: rational legislator
subject: nudge
subject: crowdlaw.

description: The subject of my doctoral thesis is “Legislative Rationality in Theories of Legislation.” The research question at hand is: What is the concept of legislative rationality or rationality of legislation? With this in mind, I have divided the thesis into two seven chapters. In the first chapter titled “Legislative Rationality in Enlightenment Theories.”. The second chapter focuses on “Legislative Rationality in the Legisprudence of Luc J. Wintgens.” The third chapter examines “Legislative Rationality in Thaler and Sunstein’s Nudge Theory". The fourth chapter is titled “Legislative Rationality in the Theory of crowdlaw.” The fifth chapter is titled “Towards an Analytical Study of the Rational Legislator.” Its objective is to develop an analytical reflection on the notion of a “rational legislator". The sixth chapter is titled “Two Theoretical Approaches to Legislative Rationality.” It is divided into two parts, each exploring different perspectives on the concept. Finally, the last chapter will conclude.
SNSF - Explanation of the FAIR Data Principles
Creators: name: von Arx, Martin
name: Perini, Lionel
name: Gerster, Sarah
name: Sommer, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR Data Principles
Open Research Data

description: To facilitate the discovery, access, re-use and citation of datasets, it is important that the publication of research data follows a set of clearly defined and broadly applicable best practices. The FAIR Data Principles define a range of qualities a published dataset should have in order to be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable. The SNSF expects researchers to share their data according to the FAIR Data Principles on publicly accessible, digital repositories. It is important to note that the FAIR Data Principles do not require researchers to share all their data without any restrictions. Rather they advocate applying a standard procedure when sharing research data for reuse, so that humans and computer systems can easily find, interpret and use them under clearly defined conditions. The following document provides an explanation of the FAIR principles and the responsibilites for researchers and data repositories.
Supporting Artefact Awareness in Partially-Replicated Workspaces
Creators: name: Poh, Emran
name: Tang, Anthony
name: Lee, Jeannie S. A.
name: Zhao, Shengdong
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023

description: Using Cross Reality (CR) approaches for remote collaboration will often result in partially-replicated workspaces. Here, workspace artefacts are not equally accessible---i.e. a physical artefact may only be manipulated by one collaborator---and in general, the artefacts become desynchronised over time. In this paper, we introduce a framework for artefact awareness that can help collaborators maintain an understanding of each others' manipulations with workspace artefacts. We illustrate our design explorations through sketches, and outline how we aim to study the effectiveness and utility of artefact awareness in cross reality remote collaboration. In our work, we expect to show that effectively supporting artefact awareness will help make cross-reality remote collaboration smoother.
Smoothing Proximal Gradient Method for General Structured Sparse Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Qihang  Lin
name: Seyoung  Kim
name: Carbonell, Jaime G.
name: Xing, Eric P
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We study the problem of learning high dimensional regression models regularized by a structured-sparsity-inducing penalty that encodes prior structural information on either input or output sides. We consider two widely adopted types of such penalties as our motivating examples: 1) overlapping group lasso penalty, based on the l1/l2 mixed-norm penalty, and 2) graph-guided fusion penalty. For both types of penalties, due to their non-separability, developing an efficient optimization method has remained a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a general optimization approach, called smoothing proximal gradient method, which can solve the structured sparse regression problems with a smooth convex loss and a wide spectrum of structured-sparsity-inducing penalties. Our approach is based on a general smoothing technique of Nesterov. It achieves a convergence rate faster than the standard first-order method, subgradient method, and is much more scalable than the most widely used interior-point method. Numerical results are reported to demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed method.
Large-Field Inflation with Multiple Axions and the Weak Gravity Conjecture
Creators: name: Junghans, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note, we discuss the implications of the weak gravity conjecture (WGC) for general models of large-field inflation with a large number of axions $N$. We first show that, from the bottom-up perspective, such models admit a variety of different regimes for the enhancement of the effective axion decay constant, depending on the amount of alignment and the number of instanton terms that contribute to the scalar potential. This includes regimes of no enhancement, power-law enhancement and exponential enhancement with respect to $N$. As special cases, we recover the Pythagorean enhancement of $N$-flation, the $N$ and $N^{3/2}$ enhancements derived by Bachlechner, Long and McAllister and the exponential enhancement by Choi, Kim and Yun. We then analyze which top-down constraints are put on such models from the requirement of consistency with quantum gravity. In particular, the WGC appears to imply that the enhancement of the effective axion decay constant must not grow parametrically with $N$ for $N \gg 1$. On the other hand, recent works proposed that axions might be able to violate this bound under certain circumstances. Our general expression for the enhancement allows us to translate this possibility into a condition on the number of instantons that couple to the axions. We argue that, at large $N$, models consistent with quantum gravity must either allow super-Planckian field excursions or have an enormous, possibly even exponentially large, number of dominant instanton terms in the scalar potential.
description: 30+8 pages, 13 figures, 1 table. v2: several remarks and references added, version to appear in JHEP
ELIXIR Service Bundle: Systems Biology for Rare Diseases
Creators: name: Ehrhart, Friederike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: ELIXIR [https://elixir-europe.org/] is an European bioinformatics infrastructure that enables researchers to find, analyse and share data, exchange expertise and implement best practices. ELIXIR service bundles are collections of specific, digital resources dedicated to a specific scientific domain in order to provide or facilitate access. In this project, we built the service bundle for systems biology of rare diseases. It is constructed around typical use cases e.g. molecular pathways of rare diseases, rare disease omics data analysis and network analysis, and provides possible solutions in forms of workflows and software tools including available tutorials and additional information material.
The project is funded by European Union's ELIXIR Rare Disease Community Implementation Study.
White Gaze und der fremdsprachendidaktische Kanon
Creators: name: Güllü, Natalie
name: Gerlach, David
Publisher: name: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung.
Year: 2023

description: Expliziter wie impliziter Rassismus sind in Deutschland weiterhin allgegenwärtig – auch in der Schule, welche unter dem Anspruch steht, diesen durch Bildungsprozesse abzubauen; allerdings muss dafür eine rassismuskritische Perspektive durch die Akteur*innen eingenommen werden. Jedoch zeigt sich in den Kanones (Curricula und Lehrwerke) häufig eine weiße Perspektive auf rassismusrelevante Themen, wodurch rassistisches Wissen reproduziert wird. Authentische Lebensweltbezüge werden aufgrund einer unkritischen Aufarbeitung des strukturellen Charakters von Rassismus erschwert. Es ist nicht ausreichend, einzelne Werke in den fremdsprachendidaktischen Kanon aufzunehmen, um institutionellen Rassismus in der Schule abzubauen und Lernende rassismuskritisch zu unterrichten, solange die Lehrperson nicht rassismuskritisch (aus-)gebildet ist. Die Aufnahme von Texten Schwarzer Autor*innen of Color ist dennoch ein notwendiger Schritt; ihre Texte dürfen aber nicht nur im Kontext von Rassismus und Gewalt besprochen werden. Sie verdienen ihrer selbst wegen Anerkennung. In einem anzustrebenden rassismuskritisch orientierten Unterricht sehen wir Fremdsprachenlehrer*innen als aktiv Handelnde, die fachliche Diskurse einleiten, (aus)halten und moderieren können und sich rassismuskritisch positionieren. Aus einer berufsbiographischen Perspektive und unter Berücksichtigung der individuellen Language Teacher Identity können in der Fremdsprachenlehrer*innenbildung Lern- und Reflexionsgelegenheiten geschaffen werden, die ein rassismuskritisches Bewusstsein sowie kritisches Weißsein fördern und den Umgang mit Rassismus im Englischunterricht verändern können.
description: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung., Bd. 5 Nr. 3 (2023): Standards – Margins – New Horizons. Canons for 21st-century Teaching
Variance Reduction for Stochastic Gradient Optimization
Creators: name: Wang, Chong
name: Chen, Xi
name: Smola, Alexander
name: Xing, Eric P
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Stochastic gradient optimization is a class of widely used algorithms for training machine learning models. To optimize an objective, it uses the noisy gradient computed from the random data samples instead of the true gradient computed from the entire dataset. However, when the variance of the noisy gradient is large, the algorithm might spend much time bouncing around, leading to slower convergence and worse performance. In this paper, we develop a general approach of using control variate for variance reduction in stochastic gradient. Data statistics such as low-order moments (pre-computed or estimated online) is used to form the control variate. We demonstrate how to construct the control variate for two practical problems using stochastic gradient optimization. One is convex---the MAP estimation for logistic regression, and the other is non-convex---stochastic variational inference for latent Dirichlet allocation. On both problems, our approach shows faster convergence and better performance than the classical approach.
Multimode laser cooling and ultra-high sensitivity force sensing with nanowires
Creators: name: Hosseini, Mahdi
name: Guccione, Giovanni
name: Slatyer, Harry J.
name: Buchler, Ben C.
name: Lam, Ping Koy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photo-induced forces can be used to manipulate and cool the mechanical motion of oscillators. When the oscillator is used as a force sensor, such as in atomic force microscopy, active feedback is an enticing route to enhancing measurement performance. Here, we show broadband multimode cooling of $-23$ dB down to a temperature of $8 \pm 1$~K in the stationary regime. Through the use of periodic quiescence feedback cooling, we show improved signal-to-noise ratios for the measurement of transient signals. We compare the performance of real feedback to numerical post-processing of data and show that both methods produce similar improvements to the signal-to-noise ratio of force measurements. We achieved a room temperature force measurement sensitivity of $< 2\times10^{-16}$ N with integration time of less than $0.1$ ms. The high precision and fast force microscopy results presented will potentially benefit applications in biosensing, molecular metrology, subsurface imaging and accelerometry.
description: 16 pages and 3 figures for the main text, 14 pages and 5 figures for the supplementary information
Sparse Output Coding for Large-Scale Visual Recognition
Creators: name: Zhou, Bin
name: Xing, Eric P
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Many vision tasks require a multi-class classifier to discriminate multiple categories, on the order of hundreds or thousands. In this paper, we propose sparse output coding, a principled way for large-scale multi-class classification, by turning high-cardinality multi-class categorization into a bit-by-bit decoding problem. Specifically, sparse output coding is composed of two steps: efficient coding matrix learning with scalability to thousands of classes, and probabilistic decoding. Empirical results on object recognition and scene classification demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
Statistical Modeling of Student Performance to Improve Chinese Dictation Skills with an Intelligent Tutor
Creators: name: Kowalski, John
name: Yanhui  Zhang
name: Gordon, Geoffrey J.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The Pinyin Tutor has been used the past few years at over thirty institutions around the world to teach students to transcribe spoken Chinese phrases into Pinyin. Large amounts of data have been collected from this program on the types of errors students make on this task. We analyze these data to discover what makes this task difficult and use our findings to iteratively improve the tutor. For instance, is a particular set of consonants, vowels, or tones causing the most difficulty? Or perhaps do certain challenges arise in the context in which these sounds are spoken? Since each Pinyin phrase can be broken down into a set of features (for example, consonants, vowel sounds, and tones), we apply machine learning techniques to uncover the most confounding aspects of this task. We then exploit what we learned to construct and maintain an accurate representation of what the student knows for best individual instruction. Our goal is to allow the learner to focus on the aspects of the task on which he or she is having most difficulty, thereby accelerating his or her understanding of spoken Chinese beyond what would be possible without such focused “intelligent” instruction.
Tri-Partite entanglement in Neutrino Oscillations
Creators: name: Bambah, Bindu A.
name: Supratik Mukherjee
name: Abhishek Kumar Jha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: We investigate and quantify various measures of bipartite and tripartite entanglement in the context of two and three flavor neutrino oscillations. The bipartite entanglement is analogous to the entanglement swapping resulting from a beam splitter in quantum optics. For the three neutrino systems various measures of tripartite entanglement are explored. The significant result is that a monogamy inequality in terms of negativity leads to a residual entanglement called as three-pi, implying true tripartite entanglement in the three neutrino systems. This leads us to an analogy of the three neutrino state with a generalized class of W-state in quantum optics.
The Power of Localization for Efficiently Learning Linear Separators with Noise
Creators: name: Pranjal  Awasthi
name: Maria-Florina  Balcan
name: Long, Philip M.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We introduce a new approach for designing computationally efficient and noise tolerant algorithms for learning linear separators. We consider the malicious noise model of Valiant [41, 32] and the adversarial label noise model of Kearns, Schapire, and Sellie [34]. For malicious noise, where the adversary can corrupt an η of fraction both the label part and the feature part, we provide a polynomial-time algorithm for learning linear separators in Rd under the uniform distribution with nearly information-theoretically optimal noise tolerance of η = Ω(ε), improving on the Ω(&epsilon/d1/4) noise-tolerance of [31] and the Ω(ε2/log(d/ε) of [35]. For the adversarial label noisemodel, where the distribution over the feature vectors is unchanged, and the overall probability of a noisy label is constrained to be at most η, we give a polynomial-time algorithm for learning linear separators in Rd under the uniform distribution that can also handle a noise rate of η = Ω(ε). This improves over the results of [31] which either required runtime super-exponential in 1/ε (ours is polynomial in 1/ε) or tolerated less noise.
In the case that the distribution is isotropic log-concave, we present a polynomial-time algorithm for the malicious noise model that tolerates Ω(ε/log2(1/ε)) noise, and a polynomial-time algorithm for the adversarial label noise model that also handles Ω(ε/log2(1/ε)) noise. Both of these also improve on results from [35]. In particular, in the case of malicious noise, unlike previous results, our noise tolerance has no dependence on the dimension d of the space.
Our algorithms are also efficient in the active learning setting, where learning algorithms only receive the classifications of examples when they ask for them. We show that, in this model, our algorithms achieve a label complexity whose dependence on the error parameter ε is polylogarithmic (and thus exponentially better than that of any passive algorithm). This provides the first polynomial time active learning algorithm for learning linear separators in the presence of malicious noise or adversarial label noise.
EDUCATION IN UZBEKISTAN: AN OVERVIEW OF LOCAL SCHOOL
Creators: name: Bakhodirova, Shakhrizoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article "Education in Uzbekistan: The article “An Overview of Local Schools” gives general information on the education system in Uzbekistan and its schools, their structure, curriculum, and problems. To this end, this paper reviews the history of the education system, the contemporary system, and reforms that have been implemented in the recent past to enhance quality and expansion. The area of focus in the abstract is culture and society in relation to education, including the concern of the ratio between cultural imperative and contemporary demands in education. Further, it discusses the inequalities in education for rural and urban students and the government’s attempts to improve education in every school across the nation.
Biharmonic and f-biharmonic maps from a 2-sphere
Creators: name: Wang, Ze-Ping
name: Ou, Ye-Lin
name: Yang, Han-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study biharmonic maps and f-biharmonic maps from a round sphere $(S^2, g_0)$, the latter maps are equivalent to biharmonic maps from Riemann spheres $(S^2, f^{-1}g_0)$. We proved that for rotationally symmetric maps between rotationally symmetric spaces, both biharmonicity and f-biharmonicity reduce to a 2nd order linear ordinary differential equation. As applications, we give a method to produce biharmonic maps and f-biharmonic maps from given biharmonic maps and we construct many examples of biharmonic and f-biharmonic maps from a round sphere $S^2$ and between two round spheres. Our examples include non-conformal proper biharmonic maps $(S^2, f^{-1}g_0)\longrightarrow S^2$ and $(S^2, f^{-1}g_0)\longrightarrow S^n$, or non-conformal f-biharmonic maps $(S^2, g_0)\longrightarrow S^2$ and $(S^2,g_0)\longrightarrow S^n$ from round sphere with two singular points.
description: 17 pages
Digitalisierung, Digitalität und didaktische Transformation im Fremdsprachenunterricht
Creators: name: Roters, Bianca
Publisher: name: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung.
Year: 2023

description: Nicht nur der Fremdsprachenunterricht befindet sich im Prozess der didaktischen Transformation, u.a. bedingt durch sich kontinuierlich wandelnde Bedingungen in der digitalen Welt. Dieser Prozess zeichnet sich durch kreative Herangehensweisen und dynamische Entwicklungen aus. Dabei wird die Dichotomie zwischen der analogen und der digitalen Welt bewusst aufgelöst, damit sich Lehrkräfte und Lernende agil in verschiedenen Kontexten bewegen. Im Beitrag wird in aller Kürze die Frage aufgeworfen, ob digital literacy in der Fremdsprache eine curricular anders gelagerte Kompetenz darstellt oder ob sich nur der Weg zum Erwerb ebendieser Kompetenz unterscheidet, und zwar nicht nur aus technologischer, sondern auch aus transformativer-didaktischer Perspektive. Festzustellen ist, dass ein Fremdsprachenunterricht, der den Prozess der didaktischen Transformation durchläuft, sich durch eine neue Unterrichtschoreografie deutlich verändert – nicht nur in der Herangehensweise, sondern auch in seinen Zielsetzungen. Deshalb ist eine Diskussion und Reflexion dieses Transformationsprozesses mit Blick auf neue Inhalte, Ziele und Kompetenzen sowie Lernszenarien notwendig. Die Beiträge aus der Sektion Digitalität der Tagung Standards – Margins – New Horizons II: Canons for 21st-Century Teaching, auf die in diesem Beitrag Bezug genommen wird, veranschaulichen ebendiese reflexive Herangehensweise. Es werden bei der Betrachtung der Beiträge drei Perspektiven beleuchtet: diskursiv mit Blick auf Digitalität (1), mit dem Fokus auf die Lernprozesse der Schüler*innen (2) sowie aus einer professionstheoretischen Perspektive (3), durch die Lehrkräfte mögliche Elemente der digitalen Unterrichtsentwicklung, auch mit Blick auf die Kompetenzentwicklung der Schüler*innen, besser fassen können. Abschließend werden Reflexionsimpulse aufgeführt, die die digitale Unterrichtsentwicklung voranbringen könnten.
description: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung., Bd. 5 Nr. 3 (2023): Standards – Margins – New Horizons. Canons for 21st-century Teaching
The calibration system of the LEGEND-200 experiment
Creators: name: Müller, Yannick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: LEGEND is a new experimental program to search for neutrinoless double beta decay with high-purity germanium detectors enriched in the isotope 76Ge. Its first phase, currently under construction at Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, will reach a half-life sensitivity to this lepton-number violating process of ~10e27 yr by employing 200 kg of Ge crystals. A later phase, with 1000 kg of enriched detectors, will extend the sensitivity to beyond 10e28 yr. In this contribution, the LEGEND-200 calibration system is presented. Radioactive Th-228 sources are deployed into the liquid-argon cryostat regularly, in order to ensure both a stable energy scale and an optimal energy resolution of the detectors. Two independent position-sensing systems will be employed to obtain a source position precision of a few mm over a 10 m scale during the calibration.
Generalized modeling of empirical social-ecological systems
Creators: name: Lade, Steven J.
name: Niiranen, Susa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Modeling social-ecological systems is difficult due to the complexity of ecosystems and of individual and collective human behavior. Key components of the social-ecological system are often over-simplified or omitted. Generalized modeling is a dynamical systems approach that can overcome some of these challenges. It can rigorously analyze qualitative system dynamics such as regime shifts despite incomplete knowledge of the model's constituent processes. Here, we review generalized modeling and use a recent study on the Baltic Sea cod fishery's boom and collapse to demonstrate its application to modeling the dynamics of empirical social-ecological systems. These empirical applications demand new methods of analysis suited to larger, more complicated generalized models. Generalized modeling is a promising tool for rapidly developing mathematically rigorous, process-based understanding of a social-ecological system's dynamics despite limited knowledge of the system.
description: This is the authors' accepted manuscript. The final version of the paper including copy-editing can be accessed at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nrm.12129/full
The occurrence of classical Cepheids in binary systems
Creators: name: Neilson, Hilding R.
name: Schneider, Fabian R. N.
name: Izzard, Robert G.
name: Evans, Nancy R.
name: Langer, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical Cepheids, like binary stars, are laboratories for stellar evolution and Cepheids in binary systems are especially powerful ones. About one-third of Galactic Cepheids are known to have companions and Cepheids in eclipsing binary systems have recently been discovered in the Large Magellanic Cloud. However, there are no known Galactic binary Cepheids with orbital periods less than one year. We compute population synthesis models of binary Cepheids to compare to the observed period and eccentricity distributions of Galactic Cepheids as well as to the number of observed eclipsing binary Cepheids in the LMC. We find that our population synthesis models are consistent with observed binary properties of Cepheids. Furthermore, we show that binary interaction on the red giant branch prevents some red giant stars from becoming classical Cepheids. Such interactions suggest that the binary fraction of Cepheids should be significantly less than that of their main-sequence progenitors, and that almost all binary Cepheids have orbital periods longer than one year. If the Galactic Cepheid spectroscopic binary fraction is about 35%, then the spectroscopic binary fraction of their intermediate mass main sequence progenitors is about 40-45%.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, resubmitted to A&A
The Agricultural Economy of the Kalamazoo-Black-Macatawa-Paw Paw Rivers Basin
Creators: name: Zygadlo, Linda
name: Sutton, John
name: Zygadlo, Linda
name: Sutton, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Labor and Human Capital
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpts from the report: The Study Area is located in southwestern Michigan and contains about 3,050 square miles or 1,954,000 acres. This involves significant portions of 10 counties: Allegan, Barry, Berrien, Calhoun, Eaton, Hillsdale, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Ottawa, and Van Buren. The area is about 100 miles long and 50 miles wide at the widest point. The largest drainage basin is that of the Kalamazoo, with some 2,060 square miles. Topography varies from nearly level at the eastern extremity to rolling hills in the west. Soils are varied and complex ranging from very heavy to sands and gravels with some depressional areas of organic soils. The basin is located in a land resource area, entitled the Lake States fruit, truck crops, and dairy area. This base study analyzes current basic structure of the area's economy and includes projections of population, employment, income, and agricultural production. The data presented in this report are intended to provide cooperating agencies with information on recent economic activity only. Attention is given to trends in population, employment in major economic sectors, and major land uses. Since the focus of the study is toward the agricultural activity in rural areas, particular emphasis is placed on socioeconomic aspects of the rural population, farm characteristics, and agricultural production.
description: The U.S. Department of Agriculture is participating in a water and related land resource study of the Kalamazoo-Black-Macatawa-Paw Paw Rivers Basin with the State of Michigan. Specifically, cooperation will be accomplished through the Water Development Services Division of the Michigan Bureau of Water Management. A partial fulfillment of the responsibility assigned to the Economic Research Service includes an economic base study of the area. This base study analyzes current basic structure of the area's economy and includes projections of population, employment, income, and agricultural production.
Contribution of railway traffic to the air pollution level nearby railroad tracks
Creators: name: Obando, Daniel
name: Vogt, Ulrich
name: Straub, Dieter
name: Düring, Ingo
name: Schmidt, Wolfram
name: Fritz, Ekhard
name: Bitsch, Annette
name: Michael, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rail transport
air quality
emissions
air quality measurements
NOx
NO2
PM - particulate matter

description: In direct comparison to other modes of transport, rail transport has a lower release of pollutants, more favorable energy balance and lower land consump-tion. Nevertheless, more than 180 years of operation and more than 33,000 km of federal railways (DB 2020) also has an impact on the environment. The objectives of the project are: •Record and evaluate gaseous and PM emissions and derivate indicator substances (tracers) from different sources or areas of rail transport. •Calculate emission factors taking into account parameters such as type of train (passengers or freight), locomotion (electric or diesel) and infrastructure. •Model the especial and temporal spread of pollutants for the entire nationwide rail network. •Create a human-toxicological and environmental hazard classification and risk assessment and recommendations for handling the airborne pollutants from rail traffic.
A primal-dual variant of the Iri-Imai algorithm for linear programming
Creators: name: Tu╠êtu╠êncu╠ê, Reha H.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "A local acceleration method for primal-dual potential-reduction algorithms is introduced. The method developed here uses modified Newton search directions to minimize the Tanabe-Todd-Ye (TTY) potential function, and can be regarded as a primal-dual variant of the Iri-Imai algorithm based on the multiplicative analogue of Karmarkar's potential function. When iterates are close to an optimal solution, the TTY potential function has negative curvature along the generated search directions. Therefore, large reductions in the potential function can be obtained, guaranteeing polynomial and quadratic convergence to nondegenerate solutions."
Recovering Block-structured Activations Using Compressive Measurements
Creators: name: Sivaraman  Balakrishnan
name: Kolar, Mladen
name: Rinaldo, Alessandro
name: Singh, Aarti
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We consider the problems of detection and localization of a contiguous block of weak activation in a large matrix, from a small number of noisy, possibly adaptive, compressive (linear) measurements. This is closely related to the problem of compressed sensing, where the task is to estimate a sparse vector using a small number of linear measurements. Contrary to results in compressed sensing, where it has been shown that neither adaptivity nor contiguous structure help much, we show that for reliable localization the magnitude of the weakest signals is strongly influenced by both structure and the ability to choose measurements adaptively while for detection neither adaptivity nor structure reduce the requirement on the magnitude of the signal. We characterize the precise tradeoffs between the various problem parameters, the signal strength and the number of measurements required to reliably detect and localize the block of activation. The sufficient conditions are complemented with information theoretic lower bounds.
Distributed Enforcement of Service Choreographies
Creators: name: Autili, Marco
name: Tivoli, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern service-oriented systems are often built by reusing, and composing together, existing services distributed over the Internet. Service choreography is a possible form of service composition whose goal is to specify the interactions among participant services from a global perspective. In this paper, we formalize a method for the distributed and automated enforcement of service choreographies, and prove its correctness with respect to the realization of the specified choreography. The formalized method is implemented as part of a model-based tool chain released to support the development of choreography-based systems within the EU CHOReOS project. We illustrate our method at work on a distributed social proximity network scenario.
description: In Proceedings FOCLASA 2014, arXiv:1502.03157
Using Schema.org for DOI Registration
Creators: name: Fenner, Martin
Publisher: name: DataCite
Year: 2017
Subjects: doi
schema.org
featured

description: Two weeks ago we started assigning DOIs to every post on this blog (Fenner, 2016c). The process we implemented uses a new command line utility and integrates well with our the publishing workflow, with (almost) no extra effort compared to how we published...
Beyond Spheroids and Discs: Classifications of CANDELS Galaxy Structure at 1.4 < z < 2 via Principal Component Analysis
Creators: name: Peth, Michael A.
name: Lotz, Jennifer M.
name: Freeman, Peter E.
name: McPartland, Conor
name: Mortazavi, S. Alireza
name: Snyder, Gregory F.
name: Barro, Guillermo
name: Grogin, Norman A.
name: Guo, Yicheng
name: Hemmati, Shoubaneh
name: Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.
name: Kocevski, Dale D.
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: McIntosh, Daniel H.
name: Nayyeri, Hooshang
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Primack, Joel R.
name: Simons, Raymond C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Important but rare and subtle processes driving galaxy morphology and star-formation may be missed by traditional spiral, elliptical, irregular or Sérsic bulge/disk classifications. To overcome this limitation, we use a principal component analysis of non-parametric morphological indicators (concentration, asymmetry, Gini coefficient, $M_{20}$, multi-mode, intensity and deviation) measured at rest-frame $B$-band (corresponding to HST/WFC3 F125W at 1.4 $< z 10^{10} M_{\odot}$) galaxy morphologies. Principal component analysis (PCA) quantifies the correlations between these morphological indicators and determines the relative importance of each. The first three principal components (PCs) capture $\sim$75 per cent of the variance inherent to our sample. We interpret the first principal component (PC) as bulge strength, the second PC as dominated by concentration and the third PC as dominated by asymmetry. Both PC1 and PC2 correlate with the visual appearance of a central bulge and predict galaxy quiescence. PC1 is a better predictor of quenching than stellar mass, as as good as other structural indicators (Sérsic-n or compactness). We divide the PCA results into groups using an agglomerative hierarchical clustering method. Unlike Sérsic, this classification scheme separates compact galaxies from larger, smooth proto-elliptical systems, and star-forming disk-dominated clumpy galaxies from star-forming bulge-dominated asymmetric galaxies. Distinguishing between these galaxy structural types in a quantitative manner is an important step towards understanding the connections between morphology, galaxy assembly and star-formation.
description: 31 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Study of muon-induced background in MMC detector arrays for the ECHo experiment
Creators: name: Goeggelmann, Alexander
name: Jochum, Josef
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: For aboveground experiments, cosmic muons are common background sources. The ECHo experiment is designed for the determination of the effective electronneutrino-mass by the analysis of the endpoint region of the $^{163}$Ho EC spectrum. The fraction of events in the ROI below the $Q_{EC}$ value is of the order of $10^{-12}$. Thus, the background in that region requires a precise understanding and possible reduction. We present the role of muon-related events in metallic magnetic calorimeter (MMC) arrays used for ECHo and discuss the use of an active muon veto. Muon-related events are used to study the pulse shape and multiplicity in array pixels. We report on different families of muon-related events in MMC pixels and analytical identification and eliminatation methods. The spectrum of muon-related events shows a decreasing energydistribution with energy. Presently, we conclude that muon-related background is negligible in the ROI.
title: DataCite to Dublin Core application profile (DC2AP)
Creators: name: Rueda, Laura
Publisher: name: DataCite
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: dublin core
subject: metadata
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The DataCite Metadata Working Group has prepared a DataCite to Dublin Core application profile (DC2AP) and would love to hear your comments about it! DataCite loves Dublin Core The profile will help you building Dublin Core compatible DataCite metadata...
DsTau (NA65) experiment: Study of tau neutrino production in proton-nucleus interactions at CERN-SPS
Creators: name: Dmitrievsky, Sergey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: NA65 experiment at CERN SPS will measure an inclusive differential cross-section of $D_s$ production in proton-nucleus interactions with a consecutive decay to $\tau$. The study will allow a better evaluation of $\nu_{\tau}$ flux in neutrino experiments, as this process is a main source of $\nu_{\tau}$ in the beams. The experimental method is based on a use of high resolution emulsion detectors for effective registration of short lived particles and use of powerful automatic tools for the readout of information from the emulsion. Main data sample will be collected in 2021-22. Data analysis is a challenge from point of view of high track density ($\sim10^5/cm^2$) and amount of data to be processed. A status of the pilot run data analysis and prospects of mass data processing, which requires resources of big data storage and distributed parallelization of computationally intensive tasks, is presented.
A calculus and a system architecture for extensional higher-order resolution
Creators: name: Benzmu╠êller, Christoph
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "The first part of this paper introduces an extension for a variant of Huet's higher-order resolution calculus [Hue72, Hue73] based upon classical type theory (Church's typed [lambda]-calculus [Chu40]) in order to obtain a calculus which is complete with respect to Henkin models [Hen50]. The new rules connect higher-order pre-unification with the general refutation process in an appropriate way to establish full extensionality for the whole system. The general idea of the calculus is discussed on different examples. The second part introduces the Leo system which implements the discussed extensional higher-order resolution calculus. This part mainly focus [sic] on the embedding of the new extensionality rules into the refutation process and the treatment of higher-order unification."
PMT gain calibration for the JSNS2 experiment
Creators: name: Rott, Carsten
name: Hyoungku Jeon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The JSNS2 experiment will search for neutrino oscillations with ∆m2 ' 1 eV2 from ¯νµ to ¯νe, detected via the IBD reaction and tagged via gammas from neutron capture on Gadolinium. A 3 GeV 1 MW proton beam incident on a mercury target at the MLF at J-PARC produces an intense neutrino flux from mu-DAR. The JSNS2 experiment consists of a 50 tons liquid scintillator detector, that is already completed and located at a distance of 24m from the neutrino source. JSNS2 is the only experiment that can directly test the LSND anomaly without having to rely on theoretical scaling assumptions. The commissioning of the detector has started already using LEDs with nanosecond-pulse width, and the data taking is expected to start in May 2020 after filling the detector with LS. In this poster we will introduce the results of the calibrations runs including PMT gain adjustment.
Charged particle pseudorapidity distributions measured with the STAR EPD
Creators: name: Molnár, Mátyás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2018, in preparation for the Beam Energy Scan II, the STAR detector was upgraded with the Event Plane Detector (EPD). The instrument enhanced STAR's capabilities in centrality determination for fluctuation measurements, event plane resolution for flow measurements and in triggering overall. Due to its fine radial granularity, it can also be utilized to measure pseudorapidity distributions of the produced charged primary particles, in EPD's pseudorapidity coverage of $2.15<|η|<5.09$. As such a measurement cannot be done directly, the response of the detector to the primary particles has to be understood well. The detector response matrix was determined via Monte Carlo simulations and corrected charged particle pseudorapidity distributions were obtained in Au+Au collisions at center of mass collision energies $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ = 19.6 and 27.0 GeV using an iterative unfolding procedure. Several systematic checks of the method were also done.
Environmental Filtering Drives Fungal Phyllosphere Community in Regional Agricultural Landscapes
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Annika
name: Posirca, Alexandra-Raluca
name: Lewin, Simon
name: Verch, Gernot
name: Büttner, Carmen
name: Müller, Marina E. H.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: regional filter processes
subject: community assembly
subject: ITS
subject: LEfSe
subject: Fusarium
subject: wheat
subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: To adapt to climate change, several agricultural strategies are currently being explored, including a shift in land use areas. Regional differences in microbiome composition and associated phytopathogens need to be considered. However, most empirical studies on differences in the crop microbiome focused on soil communities, with insufficient attention to the phyllosphere. In this study, we focused on wheat ears in three regions in northeastern Germany (Magdeburger Börde (MBB), Müncheberger Sander (MSA), Uckermärkisches Hügelland (UKH)) with different yield potentials, soil, and climatic conditions. To gain insight into the fungal community at different sites, we used a metabarcoding approach (ITS-NGS). Further, we examined the diversity and abundance of Fusarium and Alternaria using culture-dependent and culture-independent techniques. For each region, the prevalence of different orders rich in phytopathogenic fungi was determined: Sporidiobolales in MBB, Capnodiales and Pleosporales in MSA, and Hypocreales in UKH were identified as taxonomic biomarkers. Additionally, F. graminearum was found predominantly in UKH, whereas F. poae was more abundant in the other two regions. Environmental filters seem to be strong drivers of these differences, but we also discuss the possible effects of dispersal and interaction filters. Our results can guide shifting cultivation regions to be selected in the future concerning their phytopathogenic infection potential.
Towards a more robust reconstruction method for IceCube's real-time program
Creators: name: Sommani, G.
name: Gualda, C. Lagunas
name: Niederhausen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sources of astrophysical neutrinos can potentially be discovered through the detection of neutrinos in coincidence with electromagnetic counterparts. Real-time alerts generated by IceCube play an important role in this search, acting as triggers for follow-up observations with instruments sensitive to electromagnetic signals in various wavelengths. In previous studies, we investigated the treatment of the systematic uncertainties on the reconstruction method currently used in IceCube's real-time program, concluding that a new approach, more robust against systematic variations, is needed. Here we present the state-of-the-art of these analyses, and discuss a modification to an already-existing and reliable reconstruction method that results in an improved solution under many metrics. The proposed reconstruction method is faster, more precise, and significantly less influenced by systematic uncertainties, than the current one. This system provides a more robust estimate of angular uncertainties than the previous algorithm, making it a solid benchmark for real-time event analyses.
description: Presented at the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023). See arXiv:2307.13047 for all IceCube contributions