cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Current deformation and quantum inductance in mesoscopic capacitors
Creators: name: Yin, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis of low frequency dynamics of a single-channel mesoscopic capacitor, which is composed by a quantum dot connected to an electron reservoir via a single quantum channel. At low frequencies, it is known that the Wigner-Smith delay time $τ_W$ plays a dominant role and it can be interpreted as the time delay between the current leaving the dot and the current entering the dot. At higher frequencies, we find that another characteristic time $τ_S$ can also be important. It describes the deformation of the leaving current to the entering one and hence can be referred as the deformation time. At sufficient low temperatures, the deformation time $τ_S$ can be approximated from the second-order derivative of $τ_W$ via a simple relation $τ"_W/τ^3_S=24/\hbar^2$. As the temperature increases, this relation breaks down and one has instead $τ"_W/τ^3_S \to 0$ in the high temperature limit. We further show that the deformation time $τ_S$ can have a pronounced influence on the quantum inductance $L_q$ of the mesoscopic capacitor, leading to features different from the ones of the quantum capacitance. The most striking one is that $L_q$ can change its sign as the temperature increases: It can go from positive values at low temperatures to large negative values at high temperatures. The above results demonstrate the importance of the deformation time $τ_S$ on the ac conductance of the mesoscopic capacitor.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Discovery and Validation of a Novel Dual-Targets Blood Test for Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Cirrhosis
Creators: name: 杨浩(YANG Hao)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Genome sequencing
Epigenomics
Multiisolate
Medical

description: In tissue discovery cohort, we utilized human methylome bisulfite panel which targets 123 Mb of genomic content to identify DNA methylation-based biomarkers starting with 43 primary HCC tissue and 32 adjacent normal tissue samples. 21 candidate markers were validated in 55 HCC, 55 cirrhosis and 50 healthy plasma samples by bisulfite sequencing in plasma discovery cohort. Technically validated methylated candidates were then biologically validated on 50 primary HCC tissue and 50 adjacent normal tissue samples(partial samples as performed in tissue discovery) using quantitive methylation-specific PCR(MS-qPCR), yielding six candidate DNA markers for further validation. In phase 1 plasma cohort, candidate markers were validated in 53 HCC, 52 cirrhosis, 20 benign liver diseases and 50 healthy plasma samples. Qliver model consists of OSR2 and TSPYL5 were selected as the most informative markers which could be applied to validate clinical feasibility of best performing markers in a larger case-control study. Finally, Qliver model was further validated in 67 HCC and 81 cirrhosis plasma samples in phase 2 plasma cohort.
Gamma-ray Production in the Extended Halo of the Galaxy and Possible Implications for the Origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Liu, Ruo-Yu
name: Yan, Huirong
name: Wang, Xiang-Yu
name: Shao, Shi
name: Li, Hui
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Various studies have implied the existence of a gaseous halo around the Galaxy extending out to 100 kpc. Galactic cosmic rays (CRs) that propagate to the halo, either by diffusion or by convection with the possibly existing large-scale Galactic wind, can interact with the gas therein and produce gamma-rays via proton-proton collision. We calculate the cosmic ray distribution in the halo and the gamma-ray flux, and explore the dependence of the result on model parameters such as diffusion coefficient, CR luminosity, CR spectral index. We find that the current measurement of isotropic gamma-ray background at $\lesssim$TeV with Fermi Large Area Telescope already approaches a level that can provide interesting constraints on the properties of Galactic cosmic ray (e.g., with CR luminosity $L_{CR}\leq 10^{41}$erg/s). We also discuss the possibilities of the Fermi bubble and IceCube neutrinos originating from the proton-proton collision between cosmic rays and gas in the halo, as well as the implication of our results for the baryon budget of the hot circumgalactic medium of our Galaxy. Given that the isotropic gamma-ray background is likely to be dominated by unresolved extragalactic sources, future telescopes may extract more individual sources from the IGRB, and hence put even more stringent restriction on the relevant quantities (such as Galactic cosmic ray luminosity and baryon budget in the halo) in the presence of a turbulent halo that we consider.
Advancing the Use of Professional Decision-Making Strategies in a Culturally Diverse Research Community
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: Teaching Ethics in STEM
Research Ethics
International Perspectives
Teaching Ethics
Cultural Awareness and Sensitivity

description: This project uses a qualitative approach to identify similarities and differences in professional decision-making strategies among East Asian and U.S. researchers, with the goal of creating a culturally inclusive RCR course.
Bio-inspired design of ice-retardant devices based on benthic marine invertebrates: the effect of surface texture
Creators: name: Mehrabani, Homayun
name: Ray, Neil
name: Tse, Kyle
name: Evangelista, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Growth of ice on surfaces poses a challenge for both organisms and for devices that come into contact with liquids below the freezing point. Resistance of some organisms to ice formation and growth, either in subtidal environments (e.g. Antarctic anchor ice), or in environments with moisture and cold air (e.g. plants, intertidal) begs examination of how this is accomplished. Several factors may be important in promoting or mitigating ice formation. As a start, here we examine the effect of surface texture alone. We tested four candidate surfaces, inspired by hard-shelled marine invertebrates and constructed using a three-dimensional printing process. We screened biological and artifical samples for ice formation and accretion in submerged conditions using previous methods, and developed a new test to examine ice formation from surface droplets as might be encountered in environments with moist, cold air. It appears surface texture plays only a small role in delaying the onset of ice formation: a stripe feature (corresponding to patterning found on valves of blue mussels, Crassostrea gigas, or on the spines of the Antarctic sea urchin, Sterechinus neumayeri) slowed ice formation an average of 25% compared to a grid feature (corresponding to patterning found on sub-polar butterclams, Saxidomas). The geometric dimensions of the features have only a small (~6%) effect on ice formation. Surface texture affects ice formation, but does not explain by itself the large variation in ice formation and species-specific ice resistance observed in other work. This suggests future examination of other factors, such as material elastic properties and coatings, and their interaction with surface pattern.
New Frameworks for Ethical Research Amidst Emerging Digital Technologies, Algorithms, and Privacy Norms
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social and Behavioral Sciences
Information Sciences
Research Ethics
Ethics and Society
Privacy and Surveillance
Emerging Technologies
Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

description: This project investigates new ethical frameworks for protecting human research participants in response to the digital age and develop resources for the scientific community and the public.
Sexual Harassment in STEM and Mandatory Reporting Laws
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: Social Justice, Equity and Inclusion
Teaching Ethics in STEM
Ethics in Society
Diversity
Teaching Ethics

description: There is increased attention to the culture and climate of STEM research and practice settings that failed to prevent and deal with sexual harassment. This project aims to determine what policies and practices contribute to the establishment and maintenance of ethical culture for preventing and addressing sexual harassment by faculty and administrators in STEM.
Pumping of the 4.8 GHz H$_{\text{2}}$CO masers and its implications for the periodic masers in G37.55+0.20
Creators: name: van der Walt, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodic or regular flaring of class II methanol masers in nine high mass star forming regions is now a well established phenomenon. Amongst the nine star forming regions, G37.55+0.20 is the only case at present where apart from the presence of a periodic class II methanol maser, correlated flaring of another masing species, formaldehyde in this case, has been detected. We perform numerical calculations to investigate under which conditions the 4.8 GHz transition of ortho-formaldehyde is inverted in order to address the question of the correlated flaring of the 6.7 GHz methanol and 4.8 GHz formaldehyde masers in G37.55+0.20. We developed a numerical code to study the population inversion of o-formaldehyde. Equilibrium solutions for the level populations are found by integrating the rate equations using Heun's method. It is found that collisional excitation with H$_2$ as well as radiative excitation by the free-free radio continuum radiation from a nearby ultra- or hyper-compact HII region can invert the 4.8 GHz transition. It is also found that radiative excitation by the dust infrared radiation field does not lead to an inversion of the 4.8 GHz transition. The 14.5 GHz and 28.9 GHz transitions are inverted only in the presence of the free-free continuum radiation field of a very compact HII region. Due to the different pumping mechanisms of the formaldehyde and methanol masers it is unlikely that the near simultaneous flaring of the methanol and formaldehyde masers in G37.55+0.20 is due to changes in the pumping of the masers.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Entanglement entropies in the ground states of helium-like atoms
Creators: name: Koscik, Przemyslaw
name: Okopinska, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the entanglement in the ground states of helium and helium-like ions using an original Hylleraas expansion. The von Neumann and linear entropies of the reduced density matrix are accurately computed by performing the Schmidt decomposition of the S singlet spatial wavefunctions. The results presented are more accurate than currently available in published literature.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
title: Влияние коагуляции на процессы роста и изменения численной концентрации кристаллов диоксида углерода
Creators: name: Ибрагимова, Юлия
name: Иванов, Денис
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: Процесс фазового перехода в твёрдое состояние паров диоксида углерода, содержащихся в расширяющемся потоке газовой смеси, состоит из образования центров кристаллизации и последующего роста образовавшихся кристаллов, обусловленного увеличением степени переохлаждения потока. В определённых сечениях проточной части расширительного устройства образуются кристаллызародыши, которые растут по мере движения в проточной части. Поэтому в каждом из определённых сечений проточной части могут находиться кристаллы диоксида углерода различного размера. В результате их взаимодействия может произойти
коагуляция, выражающаяся как прилипание более мелких кристаллов к более крупным. Рассматривается влияние процесса коагуляции на изменение количества более мелких кристаллов и на рост более крупных. Приводятся уравнения, на основании которых произведены расчёты исследуемых процессов.
Uncovering the Intrinsic Variability of Gamma-ray Bursts
Creators: name: Golkhou, V. Zach
name: Butler, Nathaniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a robust technique to determine the minimum variability timescale for Gamma-ray Burst light curves, utilizing Haar wavelets. Our approach averages over the data for a given GRB, providing an aggregate measure of signal variation while also retaining sensitivity to narrow pulses within complicated time-series. In contrast to previous studies using wavelets, which simply define the minimum timescale in reference to the measurement noise floor, our approach identifies the signature of temporally-smooth features in the wavelet scaleogram and then additionally identifies a break in the scaleogram on longer timescales as signature of a true, temporally-unsmooth light curve feature or features. We apply our technique to the large sample of Swift GRB Gamma-ray light curves and for the first time -- due to the presence of a large number of GRBs with measured redshift -- determine the distribution of minimum variability timescales in the source frame. We find a median minimum timescale for long-duration GRBs in the source frame of $Δt_{\rm min}=0.5$ s, with the shortest timescale found being on the order of 10 ms. This short timescale suggests a compact central engine ($3 \times 10^3$ km). We discuss further implications for the GRB fireball model and present a tantalizing correlation between minimum timescale and redshift, which may in part be due to cosmological time-dilation.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted to ApJ
On the "cracking" scheme in the paper "A directional coupler attack against the Kish key distribution system" by Gunn, Allison and Abbott
Creators: name: Chen, Hsien-Pu
name: Kish, Laszlo B.
name: Granqvist, Claes-Goran
name: Schmera, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, Gunn, Allison and Abbott (GAA) [http://arxiv.org/pdf/1402.2709v2.pdf] proposed a new scheme to utilize electromagnetic waves for eavesdropping on the Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) secure key distribution. We proved in a former paper [Fluct. Noise Lett. 13 (2014) 1450016] that GAA's mathematical model is unphysical. Here we analyze GAA's cracking scheme and show that, in the case of a loss-free cable, it provides less eavesdropping information than in the earlier (Bergou)-Scheuer-Yariv mean-square-based attack [Kish LB, Scheuer J, Phys. Lett. A 374 (2010) 2140-2142], while it offers no information in the case of a lossy cable. We also investigate GAA's claim to be experimentally capable of distinguishing - using statistics over a few correlation times only - the distributions of two Gaussian noises with a relative variance difference of less than 10^-8. Normally such distinctions would require hundreds of millions of correlations times to be observable. We identify several potential experimental artifacts as results of poor KLJN design, which can lead to GAA's assertions: deterministic currents due to spurious harmonic components caused by ground loops, DC offset, aliasing, non-Gaussian features including non-linearities and other non-idealities in generators, and the time-derivative nature of GAA's scheme which tends to enhance all of these artifacts.
description: This version is accepted for publication in Metrology and Measurement Systems
Parton energy loss in high energy hard forward processes in proton-nucleus collisions
Creators: name: Liou, Tseh
name: Mueller, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the spectrum of energy loss differences due to gluon radiation in high energy hard forward processes in proton-nucleus collisions as compared to proton-proton collisions. We find that the nuclear induced energy loss scales linearly with the beam energy. We evaluate the spectrum and "typical" energy losses in a logarithmic and large $N_{c}$ approximation. The energy losses found appear large enough to be phenomenologically important.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures. V2: corrected typos
Empowering Faculty to Cultivate a Culture of Ethics
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: Engineering
Teaching Ethics in STEM
Research Ethics
Teaching Ethics
Mentors and Trainees
Community and Participatory Research

description: Based on the idea that standalone ethics courses have limited impact, this project aims to support faculty and students in starting conversations about ethics in the course of research and mentoring and throughout the engineering curriculum. The project resulted in the creation of a website, which houses guidelines and case studies on research ethics.
Spatial Throughput Characterization in Cognitive Radio Networks with Threshold-Based Opportunistic Spectrum Access
Creators: name: Song, Xiaoshi
name: Yin, Changchuan
name: Liu, Danpu
name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the opportunistic spectrum access (OSA) of the secondary users in a large-scale overlay cognitive radio (CR) network. Two threshold-based OSA schemes, namely the primary receiver assisted (PRA) protocol and the primary transmitter assisted (PTA) protocol, are investigated. Under the PRA/PTA protocol, a secondary transmitter (ST) is allowed to access the spectrum only when the maximum signal power of the received beacons/pilots sent from the active primary receivers/transmitters (PRs/PTs) is lower than a certain threshold. To measure the resulting transmission opportunity for the secondary users by the proposed OSA protocols, the concept of spatial opportunity, which is defined as the probability that an arbitrary location in the primary network is detected as a spatial spectrum hole, is introduced and then evaluated by applying tools from stochastic geometry. Based on spatial opportunity, the coverage (non-outage transmission) performance in the overlay CR network is analyzed. With the obtained results of spatial opportunity and coverage probability, we finally characterize the spatial throughput, which is defined as the average spatial density of successful transmissions in the primary/secondary network, under the PRA and PTA protocols, respectively.
description: Accepted by IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Cognitive Radio Series
Ionized gas disks in elliptical and S0 galaxies at $z<1$
Creators: name: Jaffe, Yara L.
name: Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Ziegler, Bodo
name: Kuntschner, Harald
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
name: Rudnick, Gregory
name: Poggianti, Bianca M.
name: Hoyos, Carlos
name: Halliday, Claire
name: Demarco, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the extended, ionized-gas emission of 24 early-type galaxies (ETGs) at $0
description: 11 pages plus appendix. Accepted for publication in MNRAS; v2: minor changes after proofs
title: Влияние микро- и нанодоз сотс на процесс лезвийного резания материалов
Creators: name: Михеева, Юлия
name: Никитин, Денис
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: Повышение работоспособности режущих инструментов и качества обработанных поверхностей в процессах лезвийной обработки металлов во многом определяется интенсивностью адгезионных взаимодействий между
трибосопряженными поверхностями инструментального и обрабатываемого материалов. Это обусловлено высокой химической активностью образующихся в процессе стружкоотделения ювенильных поверхностей в трибосопряженном контакте. Как показывают теория и практика, одним из основных механизмов влияния на
величину адгезии является формирование на границе раздела инструмент – обрабатываемый материал разделительных смазочных плёнок путём введения в контактную зону внешних технологических средств (lubricating and cooling technological means – LCTM).
Nuclear effects in neutrino and antineutrino CCQE scattering at MINERvA kinematics
Creators: name: Megias, G. D.
name: Ivanov, M. V.
name: González-Jiménez, R.
name: Barbaro, M. B.
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Donnelly, T. W.
name: Udías, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the charged-current quasielastic neutrino and antineutrino observables obtained in two different nuclear models, the phenomenological SuperScaling Approximation and the Relativistic Mean Field approach, with the recent data published by the MINERvA Collaboration. Both models provide a good description of the data without the need of an ad hoc increase in the mass parameter in the axial-vector dipole form factor. Comparisons are also made with the MiniBooNE results where different conclusions are reached.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
title: Comparing and Contrasting Medical Institutional Repositories with Other Academic IRs: Results of Two Research Studies
Creators: name: Palmer, Lisa
name: Kipnis, Daniel
name: Luther, Judy
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Medical School
Year: 2019

description: This poster presents findings from two research studies about institutional repositories (IRs): one survey to members of the Association of Academic Health Sciences Libraries, and the other an open survey with primary responses from academic libraries in North America. The poster compares and contrasts several findings, including: Are academic medical institutional repositories utilizing different software platforms than other academic IRs? Are academic medical IRs staffed differently than other academic IRs? In this complex scholarly communication environment, are IR managers considering plans to migrate to new platforms? This poster explores findings from the two surveys to help capture a current snapshot of the repository landscape. This will be a “poster conversation” where we will engage attendees about the repositories at their own institutions and give them an opportunity for meaningful discussion.
title: Conjunction Junction, THAT'S Our Function
Creators: name: Gore, Sally
name: Kilham, Jessica
name: Sjostedt, Kristine
name: Miglus, Jennifer
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2019

description: Identifying an opportunity to harness the strength of collaborating across departments, institutions, and libraries, librarians from the Education and Clinical Services, and Research and Scholarly Communication Services of Lamar Soutter Library (LSL), University of Massachusetts Medical School (UMMS), partnered with the librarian for the Hartford Medical Society Library at Lyman Maynard Stowe Library, UConn Health, to organize an exhibit of historical ophthalmology items at UMMS. The exhibit, “Eyes to the Past,” ran from the summer through the fall, 2019, and included textbooks from the 1800s, prints to test for color blindness, artifacts such as eye surgery kits, glass eyeballs, stereoscopes, and an early 20th century ophthalmoscope. A medical student with an interest in ophthalmology was recruited to research each item on display and provide text for identification cards. The exhibit proved an excellent bridge to form a partnership with the UMass Memorial Eye Center and the UMass Medical School Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences. The Eye Center just welcomed its first class of residents in July, making the timing of the exhibit perfect for the LSL’s outreach efforts. A presentation and reception, co-hosted by the LSL and the Eye Center, proved the “eye-deal” culmination to this successful collaborative effort.
A Digital Nudge: Assessing the Impact of an Immutable Records Data Management Platform on Student Researcher Ethics
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: Teaching Ethics in STEM
Data Management
Teaching Ethics
Goals of Ethics Education

description: This video introduces a project that examines if the data ethics considerations of individual student researchers changes when they are provided with a "digital nudge" by saving immutable copies of their data records as part of the experimental routines in the lab.
title: Well-Conceived and Ill-Drawn: Hosting “Ill-Conceived and Well-Drawn,” an NLM Exhibition
Creators: name: Rossetti, Victoria
name: Grynoch, Catherine
name: Levin-Lederer, Sarah
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2019

description: Background: The Lamar Soutter Library serves the UMass Memorial Hospital and the University of Massachusetts Medical School, which consists of the Schools of Nursing, Medicine, and Biomedical Sciences. In pursuit of our mission to help our community in the “creation of knowledge, intellectual growth, and enrichment of the academic experience” the library plans activities, programs, and exhibitions. We recently hosted an NLM traveling Exhibition, “Ill-Conceived and Well-Drawn,” and partnered with the NNLM-NER to create an enriched experience for our users. Description: The NLM’s traveling exhibit consists of 6 free standing posters and seeks to introduce the concept of graphic medicine. Graphic medicine uses the medium of comics to explore themes of illness, healthcare, and health information from the perspective of the caregiver, the patient, or family members. Graphic medicine can also be used for science communication. While the exhibition was on display in the library, we worked to create programming around the topic of graphic medicine to engage our users and community. Conclusion: As a direct result of hosting the exhibition, the library saw an increase in traffic in the library compared to similar time periods in the past. We also recorded an increase in the use of our graphic medicine collection’s circulation statistics. One particularly successful program was a visit by Matteo Farinella, author of Neurocomic and The Senses. Because we hosted the NLM’s exhibition, we were able to engage targeted populations in meaningful ways and promote library resources.
title: Архитектурное пространство как элемент эстетики видеоигры
Creators: name: Орлов, Андрей
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В статье представлено описание разработки виртуальной среды в видеоиграх и аргументы, почему этой частью работы может заниматься архитектор. Также анализируется взаимное влияние индустрии видеоигр и реального мира, в частности в архитектуре.
Understanding disorder-induced zero-bias anomalies in systems with short-range interactions: An atomic-limit perspective
Creators: name: Wortis, R.
name: Mulindwa, Lister
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the novel electronic behaviors seen in transition metal oxides, we look for physical insight into disordered, strongly-correlated systems by exploring the atomic limit. In recent work, the atomic limit has provided a useful reference point in systems with strong {\em local} interactions. For comparison with experiments, the exploration of {\em non}local interactions is of interest. In the atomic limit, both the case of on-site interactions alone and the case of infinite-range ($1/r$) interactions are well understood; however, not so the intervening possibilities. Here we study the atomic limit of the extended Anderson-Hubbard model using classical Monte Carlo to calculate the single-particle density of states. We show that the combination of nearest-neighbor interactions and site disorder produce a zero-bias anomaly caused by residual charge ordering, and the addition of on-site interactions has a non-monotonic effect on the depth of this zero-bias anomaly. A key conclusion is that the form of the density of states in this classical system strongly resembles density of states results obtained for the full extended Anderson-Hubbard model when $U<4V$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Cosmology in ghost-free bigravity theory with twin matter fluids: The origin of "dark matter"
Creators: name: Aoki, Katsuki
name: Maeda, Kei-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamics of Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime based on the ghost-free bigravity theory. Assuming the coupling parameters guaranteeing the existence of de Sitter space as well as Minkowski spacetime, we find two stable attractors for spacetime with "twin" dust matter fields: One is de Sitter accelerating universe and the other is matter dominated universe. Although a considerable number of initial data leads to de Sitter universe, we also find matter dominated universe or spacetime with a future singularity for some initial data. The cosmic no-hair conjecture does not exactly hold, but the accelerating expansion can be found naturally. The $Λ$-CDM model is obtained as an attractor. We also show that the dark matter component in the Friedmann equation, which originates from another twin matter, can be about 5 times larger than the baryonic matter, by choosing the appropriate coupling constants.
description: 23 pages, 24 figures
title: Opening Medical Humanities to the World: Reflecting on Library Support for the Medical Humanities Lab
Creators: name: Palmer, Lisa
name: Grynoch, Catherine Tess
name: Raboin, Regina
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2021

description: This poster tells the story of how the Lamar Soutter Library at UMass Medical School has successfully collaborated with faculty leaders and medical students to launch the Medical Humanities Lab, which integrates the arts and humanities into medical education and healthcare through student, faculty, and staff collaborations fostering humanism in medicine. The Library has provided leadership, technology expertise, space for in-person meetings, logistical support for virtual meetings during the pandemic, and promotional assistance. In just over a year, the Lab has sponsored a dozen projects, including a storytelling event, a creative writing and photography journal, a blog, two podcasts, and a creative writing website. The projects, many of which are openly accessible, address important themes including health inequality and the impact of incarceration on medical care. This poster showcases this partnership; highlights projects, challenges, and facilitators of success; and features a survey and a multimedia sample from our projects.
title: Clinical Support During COVID-19
Creators: name: Rossetti, Victoria
name: Carr, Catherine W.
name: Honor, Leah
name: Baltich Nelson, Becky
name: Kilham, Jessica
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2020

description: Background: The Lamar Soutter Library serves UMass Memorial Healthcare and the University of Massachusetts Medical School, which consists of the Schools of Nursing, Medicine, and Biomedical Sciences. In pursuit of our mission to help our community during the COVID-19 pandemic, we were called upon to provide clinical support in new ways as we also adapted to the “new normal” of working from home, social distancing, and remote interactions.

Description: The Education and Clinical Services department (ECS) typically supports the clinical system by attending clinical rounds, staffing multiple library locations, providing education around information resources, and supporting literature searches. During COVID-19, many of our usual methods of support were not possible because we could not be there in person, and because educational pursuits were repurposed to answer the call for staffing and training during the pandemic. The need for immediate information and the desire to help meant demands for evidence-based information increased. To answer the call, ECS librarians had to learn new skills, come up with creative approaches, and stay up to date with an ever-changing information landscape.

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic was a force for change in the relationship between ECS and the clinical environment we support. Although it is wrong to say there is a silver lining to this tragedy, we have become more creative, more adaptive, and more flexible. We better understand the needs of our clinical community and are more proactive and confident in our approach to working with them. It was evident that our impact was felt by the response to our offers for new resident orientations. There was an almost 200% increase in the number of sessions (7 to 20) during March to September 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019. The skills we learned and the relationships we formed have changed the way we will approach clinical support going forward.
title: Centering the Margins: Creating a Land Acknowledgement for UMMS
Creators: name: Grynoch, Catherine Tess
name: MacKenzie, Kimberly
name: Sjostedt, Kristine
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMass Chan
Year: 2021

description: Slides for Centering the Margins: Land Acknowledgement Discussion held virtually for the UMass Chan community on September 15, 2021. The presentation covers the importance of a land acknowledgement, examples of land acknowledgements, and a brief history of the Nipmuc Nation.
title: Medical Humanities Lab: Re-envisioning library services to foster the growth of medical humanities in education and healthcare
Creators: name: Grynoch, Catherine Tess
name: Palmer, Lisa
name: Raboin, Regina
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMassChan
Year: 2022

description: In this virtual presentation for the Medical Library Association Health Humanities Caucus, learn how UMass Chan Medical School’s Lamar Soutter Library successfully collaborates with faculty leaders and medical students in the Medical Humanities Lab, an initiative which integrates the arts and humanities into medical education and healthcare through student, faculty, and staff collaborations fostering humanism in medicine. The Library has provided leadership, technology expertise, space for in-person meetings, logistical support for virtual meetings, and promotional assistance. Over the past 3+ years, the Lab has sponsored projects, including a storytelling event, a creative writing and photography journal, a blog, two podcasts, and a creative writing website. The projects, many of which are openly accessible, address important themes including health inequality and the impact of incarceration on medical care. This presentation discusses the partnership, highlights projects, challenges, and facilitators of success, and features multimedia samples from our projects. Attendees also brainstormed new ways that their library can support medical humanities at their institution.
Convection Causes Enhanced Magnetic Turbulence in Accretion Disks in Outburst
Creators: name: Hirose, Shigenobu
name: Blaes, Omer
name: Krolik, Julian H.
name: Coleman, Matthew S. B.
name: Sano, Takayoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of local, vertically stratified, radiation MHD shearing box simulations of MRI turbulence appropriate for the hydrogen ionizing regime of dwarf nova and soft X-ray transient outbursts. We incorporate the frequency-integrated opacities and equation of state for this regime, but neglect non-ideal MHD effects and surface irradiation, and do not impose net vertical magnetic flux. We find two stable thermal equilibrium tracks in the effective temperature versus surface mass density plane, in qualitative agreement with the S-curve picture of the standard disk instability model. We find that the large opacity at temperatures near $10^4$K, a corollary of the hydrogen ionization transition, triggers strong, intermittent thermal convection on the upper stable branch. This convection strengthens the magnetic turbulent dynamo and greatly enhances the time-averaged value of the stress to thermal pressure ratio $α$, possibly by generating vertical magnetic field that may seed the axisymmetric magnetorotational instability, and by increasing cooling so that the pressure does not rise in proportion to the turbulent dissipation. These enhanced stress to pressure ratios may alleviate the order of magnitude discrepancy between the $α$-values observationally inferred in the outburst state and those that have been measured from previous local numerical simulations of magnetorotational turbulence that lack net vertical magnetic flux.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Antibiotics in Mexico: An analysis of problems, policies, and politics
Creators: name: Mansilla, CDM
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2018

description: The inappropriate use of antibiotics poses a risk to individual health, is a waste of health resources, and triggers antibiotic resistance, a global health problem. Despite strategies promoted internationally to address antibiotic misuse and resistance (AMR), few low and middle-income countries have fully incorporated them into their national health policies. There is scarce research on the factors that affect the development of AMR policies at the national level. The present study addresses this gap by applying a policy-analysis approach to understand agenda setting, policy inaction and policy change with regard to AMR, focusing on the case of Mexico. This study is designed as a longitudinal case-study, looking at events between 2001 and 2012 in Mexico, which cover two periods of government. The study used Kingdon’s multiple streams (MS) theory of agenda-setting to guide the analysis, explaining both when the issue of AMR was denied a position on the agenda (first period studied) and when the issue gained agenda status and a policy change occurred (second period studied). The methods used were semi-structured interviews with key social actors, document analysis and media analysis. The following factors hindered AMR inclusion in the health policy agenda during the 2000-2006 administration: a) low problem visibility and a narrow definition that pulled AMR away from the scope of public policies; b) lack of clarity on the policy alternatives and their feasibility; c) absence of policy entrepreneurs promoting these policies; d) within the health-reform context, improving medicine stocks was the priority. During the 2006-2012 administration, the problem of self-medication with antibiotics gained visibility when it was related to the 2009 influenza pandemic; a group of specialists acted as policy entrepreneurs supporting AMR policies. The national health crisis and a previous designation of an institutional body to control medicine sales favoured agenda placement and the development of a narrow-focused regulation, but hindered the formation of a comprehensive national policy on AMR. The usefulness of Kingdon’s theory in examining AMR agenda-setting, in the context of Mexico, is explained. The research findings are discussed in light of other studies to draw lessons for Mexico and other countries aiming to develop AMR policies.
Comparison of slag-based gypsum with commercial gypsum as a nutrient source on soil properties, nutrient uptake and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under aerobic and wetland conditions
Creators: name: Pema, Khandu Goiba
name: Nagabovanalli, Prakash B.
name: Prabhudev, Dhumgond
name: Shruthi
name: Lingappa, Mallikarjuna
name: Hamsa, Nagaraju
name: Shrenivas, Ashrit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Slag-based gypsum (SBG) is produced from LD slag (Linz-Donawitz slag) which is a byproduct of the steel industry. As the constituents of SBG are almost similar to the commercial gypsum (CG), two field experiments on acidic and alkaline soil under aerobic and wetland conditions were conducted to know their performance on rice. The treatments included recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) as control, 300, 450, 600 and 750 kg ha−1 of SBG and CG along with RDF. Application of 750 kg SBG ha−1 recorded higher grain (6.15 and 9.22 t ha−1, respectively) and straw yield (10.80 and 12.71 t ha−1, respectively) in acidic and alkaline soils. The application of 750 kg SBG ha−1 increased the pH of acidic soil from 4.56 to 5.00 and from 9.04 to 9.37 in alkaline soil. Available nutrients in the post-harvest soil increased with the increase in the application rates of SBG and CG in soil. There was an increase in total uptake of the nutrients by the rice crop with an increase in application rates of SBG and CG. Application of a graded levels of SBG recorded higher grain and straw yield, nutrient uptake and nutrient availability in comparison to CG.
Correlation between thermodynamic anomalies and pathways of ice nucleation in supercooled water
Creators: name: Singh, Rakesh S.
name: Bagchi, Biman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well-known classical nucleation theory (CNT) for the free energy barrier towards formation of a nucleus of critical size of the new stable phase within the parent metastable phase fails to take into account the influence of other metastable phases having density/order intermediate between the parent metastable phase and the final stable phase. This lacuna can be more serious than capillary approximation or spherical shape assumption made in CNT. This issue is particularly significant in ice nucleation because liquid water shows rich phase diagram consisting of two (high and low density) liquid phases in supercooled state. The explanations of thermodynamic and dynamic anomalies of supercooled water often invoke the possible influence of a liquid-liquid transition between two metastable liquid phases. To investigate both the role of thermodynamic anomalies and presence of distinct metastable liquid phases in supercooled water on ice nucleation, we employ density functional theoretical approach to find nucleation free energy barrier in different regions of phase diagram. The theory makes a number of striking predictions, such as a dramatic lowering of nucleation barrier due to presence of a metastable intermediate phase and crossover in the dependence of free energy barrier on temperature near liquid-liquid critical point. These predictions can be tested by computer simulations as well as by controlled experiments.
Dirac cones in the spectrum of bond-decorated graphenes
Creators: name: Heuvel, Willem Van den
name: Soncini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two-band model based on periodic Hückel theory, which is capable of predicting the existence and position of Dirac cones in the first Brillouin zone of an infinite class of two-dimensional periodic carbon networks, obtained by systematic perturbation of the graphene connectivity by bond decoration, that is by inclusion of arbitrary $π$-electron Hückel networks into each of the three carbon-carbon $π$-bonds within the graphene unit cell. The bond decoration process can fundamentally modify the graphene unit cell and honeycomb connectivity, representing a simple and general way to describe many cases of graphene chemical functionalization of experimental interest, such as graphyne, janusgraphenes and chlorographenes. Exact mathematical conditions for the presence of Dirac cones in the spectrum of the resulting two-dimensional $π$-networks are formulated in terms of the spectral properties of the decorating graphs. Our method predicts the existence of Dirac cones in experimentally characterized janusgraphenes and chlorographenes, recently speculated on the basis of DFT calculations. For these cases, our approach provides a proof of the existence of Dirac cones, and can be carried out at the cost of a back of the envelope calculation, bypassing any diagonalization step, even within Hückel theory.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; new expanded version
title: Использование сбросного тепла для теплоснабжения и создание единой сети пара с выработкой электроэнергии за счёт перепадов давления
Creators: name: Паршутин, Алексей
name: Петров, Алексей
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В современных экономических условиях внешние поставщики тепла зачастую в силу их монопольного положения становятся для предприятия-потребителя весьма дорогими, в силу чего возникает задача сокращения до минимума получение тепла от них, максимально используя собственные возможности. В настоящей статье
рассмотрены на частном примере некоторые технические особенности использования сбросного технологического тепла на предприятии при переводе системы теплоснабжения предприятия на собственные источники тепла, а также создание единой сети пара с выработкой электроэнергии за счёт перепадов давления.
Professional Responsibility in Engineering
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2020
Subjects: Teaching Ethics in STEM
Engineering
Social Responsibility
Teaching Ethics
Ethical Decision-making

description: For a new OEC webinar series, “Working Ethics into the Conversation,” Dr. Rosalyn Berne, Director of the NAE’s Center for Engineering Ethics and Society, hosted students, academics, and professionals in conversations about teaching ethics. The first webinar conversation was broadcast  Feb. 25, 2020. In this webinar, Dr. Michael Loui, professor emeritus of electrical and computer engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, spoke on the subject of "What Is Professional Responsibility in Engineering?" and explained why as professionals engineers have special responsibilities.