cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Development and validation of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary intake among Lebanese adults
Creators: name: Harmouche-Karaki, Mireille
name: Mahfouz, Maya
name: Jawaher Obeyd
name: Salameh, Pascale
name: Mahfouz, Yara
name: Helou, Khalil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Food items included in the FFQ; Table S2. Validity of the FFQ: Pearson correlations between first FFQ and mean of six 24-h DRs, stratified by gender (n = 238); Table S3. Mean ± SD comparison of nutrient intake estimated by the FFQ and the average of six 24-h dietary recalls, stratified by gender (n = 238); Table S4. Mean ± SD comparison of energy-adjusted nutrient intake estimated by the FFQ and the average of six 24-h dietary recalls, stratified by gender (n = 238); Table S5. Indirect validity: mean daily nutrient intake as assessed by 24-h DRs of 6 days according to tertiles of food group consumption (FFQ)
Kaon and Pion production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Wagner, M.
name: Larionov, A. B.
name: Mosel, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BUU transport model is applied to study strangeness and pion production in nucleus-nucleus collisions. Starting from proton induced reactions, we further investigate Si+Au, Au+Au and Pb+Pb collisions in the energy range between 2 and 40 A$\cdot$GeV and compare with data and with other transport calculations. The $q \bar q$ annihilation, or resonance, channel simulated by the string model in meson-nucleon collisions at $\sqrt{s} > 2$ GeV is introduced. The importance of this channel for a good description of the proton-nucleus data on $K^+$ production is demonstrated. We, furthermore, show that the meson-meson collisions contribute significantly to the $K \bar K$ production in heavy-ion collisions above 5 A GeV and improve an agreement with data on the $K^+/π^+$ ratio. Finally, we study the influence of the in-medium modifications of the FRITIOF model on the pion and kaon production.
description: 20 pages, 25 figures, added statistical errors in figures
Alfabetische Akrosticha in der syrischen Kirchenpoesie (Schluss)
Creators: name: Kirschner, Bruno
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 7 (1907): Oriens christianus, Band 7
title: National Marine Fisheries Service Endangered Species Act Section 7 Consultation Biological Opinion on the Environmental Protection Agency’s National Coastal Condition Assessment Program Pursuant to Section 7(a)(2) of the Endangered Species Act
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Office of Protected Resources
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Office of Protected Resources
Year: 2020

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation; OPR-2020-01249
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in a Realistic Limit Order Book Market Simulation
Creators: name: Karpe, Michaël
name: Fang, Jin
name: Ma, Zhongyao
name: Wang, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Optimal order execution is widely studied by industry practitioners and academic researchers because it determines the profitability of investment decisions and high-level trading strategies, particularly those involving large volumes of orders. However, complex and unknown market dynamics pose significant challenges for the development and validation of optimal execution strategies. In this paper, we propose a model-free approach by training Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents in a realistic market simulation environment with multiple agents. First, we configure a multi-agent historical order book simulation environment for execution tasks built on an Agent-Based Interactive Discrete Event Simulation (ABIDES) [arXiv:1904.12066]. Second, we formulate the problem of optimal execution in an RL setting where an intelligent agent can make order execution and placement decisions based on market microstructure trading signals in High Frequency Trading (HFT). Third, we develop and train an RL execution agent using the Double Deep Q-Learning (DDQL) algorithm in the ABIDES environment. In some scenarios, our RL agent converges towards a Time-Weighted Average Price (TWAP) strategy. Finally, we evaluate the simulation with our RL agent by comparing it with a market replay simulation using real market Limit Order Book (LOB) data.
description: 7 pages, accepted for inclusion in the 2020 ACM International Conference on AI in Finance (ICAIF 2020)
title: National Marine Fisheries Service Endangered Species Act Section 7 Consultation Biological and Conference Opinion Biological and Conference Opinion on the Use of Dispersants and In-Situ Burning in the United States (U.S.) Region IV
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Office of Protected Resources
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Office of Protected Resources
Year: 2021

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation; OPR-2020-02942
Spercheidae Erichson 1837
Creators: name: Darilmaz, Mustafa C.
name: Ahmed, Zubair
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Spercheidae

description: Family SPERCHEIDAE Erichson    The family Spercheidae is a homogeneous group of beetles composed of only one genus, Spercheus Kugelann. Recent papers mention that this family has 18 species, most of them from the Ethiopian and Oriental zoogeographic regions (Hansen 1991; Hebauer 1997; Darilmaz and Kıyak 2011).
 Until now, only a single Oriental subspecies, Spercheus belli belli, has been recorded in Pakistan (Hebauer 1997). The species is recorded here also for Pakistan.
description: Published as part of Darilmaz, Mustafa C. & Ahmed, Zubair, 2015, Aquatic Coleoptera from Pakistan: faunistic and zoogeographical contribution (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae: Dytiscidae: Hydrophilidae), pp. 149-162 in Journal of Natural History 50 on page 159, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1059515, http://zenodo.org/record/3991843
title: National Marine Fisheries Service Endangered Species Act Section  7 Consultation Biological Opinion Issuance of a Permit to Cooke Aquaculture for Installation of marine net pens for commercial rearing of Atlantic salmon at the Calf Island site in Maine
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Greater Atlantic Regional Fisheries Office
Year: 2016

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation; GARFO-2016-00324
Modular Answer Set Programming as a Formal Specification Language
Creators: name: Cabalar, Pedro
name: Fandinno, Jorge
name: Lierler, Yuliya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the problem of formal verification for Answer Set Programming (ASP), namely, obtaining a formal proof showing that the answer sets of a given (non-ground) logic program P correctly correspond to the solutions to the problem encoded by P, regardless of the problem instance. To this aim, we use a formal specification language based on ASP modules, so that each module can be proved to capture some informal aspect of the problem in an isolated way. This specification language relies on a novel definition of (possibly nested, first order) program modules that may incorporate local hidden atoms at different levels. Then, verifying the logic program P amounts to prove some kind of equivalence between P and its modular specification. Under consideration for acceptance in TPLP.
description: Paper presented at the 36th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2019), University Of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy, September 2020, 16 pages
Fun with Higgsless Theories
Creators: name: Georgi, Howard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent works on ``Higgsless theories,'' I discuss an $SU(2)_0\times SU(2)^{N}\times U(1)$ gauge theory with arbitrary bifundamental (or custodial SU(2) preserving) symmetry breaking between the gauge subgroups and with ordinary matter transforming only under the U(1) and $SU(2)_0$. When the couplings, $g_j$, of the other SU(2)s are very large, this reproduces the standard model at the tree level. I calculate the $W$ and $Z$ masses and other electroweak parameters in a perturbative expansion in $1/g_j^2$, and give physical interpretations of the results in a mechanical analog built out of masses and springs. In the mechanical analog, it is clear that even for arbitrary patterns of symmetry breaking, it is not possible (in the perturbative regime) to raise the Higgs mass by a large factor while keeping the $S$ parameter small.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX - another reference
Identifying and Measuring the Effect of Firm Clusters Among Certified Organic Processors and Handlers
Creators: name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
name: Goetz, Stephan J.
name: Wu, Ping-Chao
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
name: Goetz, Stephan J.
name: Wu, Ping-Chao
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: firm clusters
subject: organic
subject: treatment effects

description: This paper investigates the certified organic handler sector, a specialized component of the middle part of the farm-to-table marketing chain, and documents the impacts of firm agglomeration (or firm clusters) on firm-level performance or firm-level decisions. After accounting for endogeneity in firm clustering, our findings confirm that firm clusters have significant impacts, though the estimate of the impact depends on how a firm cluster is defined. For example, significant impacts on sales per employee range from an additional $0.17 million to $1.47 million, depending on whether a small or large number of firms is used as the minimum number to define a firm cluster.
Paris-kompatible CO2-Ziele basierend auf dem ESPM am Beispiel Deutschlands und der EU
Creators: name: Sargl, Manfred
name: Wiegand, Daniel
name: Wittmann, Günter
name: Wolfsteiner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pariser-Ambtionsmechanismus
Paris-kompatible Ziele
CO2-Budget
Effort sharing
Paris ambition mechanism

description: CO2 reichert in sich der Atmosphäre an. Daher ist die Summe an CO2-Emissionen entscheidend für die Einhaltung bestimmter Grenzen der Erderwärmung (Budgeteigenschaft von CO2). Daher sollten sich NDCs an einem verbleibenden globalen CO2-Budget orientieren.

Bei der Umsetzung stellen sich jedoch folgende Fragen, die zwar wissenschaftlich basiert, aber letztendlich politisch beantwortet werden müssen:

An welchem global verbleibenden CO2-Budget sollen sich Staaten bei ihren NDCs orientieren?

An welcher Aufteilung eines globalen CO2-Budgets sollen sich Staaten bei ihren NDCs orientieren?

Wie kann ein daraus resultierendes national verbleibendes CO2-Budget in einen sinnvollen Emissionspfad übersetzt werden?

Das Extended Smooth Pathway Model (ESPM) bietet einen Rahmen, in dem diese Fragen mit nachvollziehbaren Ergebnissen beantworten werden können.

Wenn die Vertragsstaaten bei ihren NDCs ein dahinterstehendes globales CO2-Budget und einen dahinterstehenden Verteilungsschlüssel transparent machen, kann dies einen Diskurs in Gang setzen, der zu konvergierenden globalen Orientierungsgrößen führt und damit zu in Summe Paris-kompatiblen NDCs beiträgt.

Web-Apps zu diesem Papier: http://EU.national-budgets.climate-calculator.info
Additional file 1 of DUGMO: tool for the detection of unknown genetically modified organisms with high-throughput sequencing data for pure bacterial samples
Creators: name: Hurel, Julie
name: Schbath, Sophie
name: Bougeard, Stéphanie
name: Rolland, Mathieu
name: Petrillo, Mauro
name: Touzain, Fabrice
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary material.
Paris-kompatible CO2-Ziele basierend auf dem ESPM am Beispiel Deutschlands und der EU
Creators: name: Sargl, Manfred
name: Wiegand, Daniel
name: Wittmann, Günter
name: Wolfsteiner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Pariser-Ambtionsmechanismus
Paris-kompatible Ziele
CO2-Budget
Effort sharing
Paris ambition mechanism

description: CO2 reichert in sich der Atmosphäre an. Daher ist die Summe an CO2-Emissionen entscheidend für die Einhaltung bestimmter Grenzen der Erderwärmung (Budgeteigenschaft von CO2). Daher sollten sich NDCs an einem verbleibenden globalen CO2-Budget orientieren.

Bei der Umsetzung stellen sich jedoch folgende Fragen, die zwar wissenschaftlich basiert, aber letztendlich politisch beantwortet werden müssen:

An welchem global verbleibenden CO2-Budget sollen sich Staaten bei ihren NDCs orientieren?

An welcher Aufteilung eines globalen CO2-Budgets sollen sich Staaten bei ihren NDCs orientieren?

Wie kann ein daraus resultierendes national verbleibendes CO2-Budget in einen sinnvollen Emissionspfad übersetzt werden?

Das Extended Smooth Pathway Model (ESPM) bietet einen Rahmen, in dem diese Fragen mit nachvollziehbaren Ergebnissen beantworten werden können.

Wenn die Vertragsstaaten bei ihren NDCs ein dahinterstehendes globales CO2-Budget und einen dahinterstehenden Verteilungsschlüssel transparent machen, kann dies einen Diskurs in Gang setzen, der zu konvergierenden globalen Orientierungsgrößen führt und damit zu in Summe Paris-kompatiblen NDCs beiträgt.

Web-Apps zu diesem Papier: http://EU.national-budgets.climate-calculator.info
Classical and relativistic fluids as intermediate integrals of finite dimensional mechanical systems
Creators: name: Alonso-Blanco, Ricardo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 73-XX, 83-XX, 58ZXX

description: We explore the relationship between mechanical systems describing the motion of a particle with the mechanical systems describing a continuous medium. More specifically, we will study how the so-called intermediate integrals or fields of solutions of a finite dimensional mechanical system (a second order differential equation) are simultaneously Euler's equations of fluids and conversely. This will be done both in the classical and relativistic context. A direct relationship will be established by means of the so-called time constraint (classical unsteady case, static or not) and the relativistic correction (for arbitrary pseudo-Riemannian metrics).
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1206.1372, arXiv:0801.4151 by other authors; Fixed a typo in the title
Mathematical Description of the Regensburg Model Scenario Types RM 1 – 6
Creators: name: Wolfsteiner, Andreas
name: Wittmann, Günter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: climate policy
Paris compatible emission paths
CO2 budget
emission paths

description: The Regensburg Model Scenario Types RM 1 – 6 are used to derive plausible emission paths that meet a certain budget. The emission paths are essentially determined indirectly by an assumption about the property of the annual changes. This is the innovative core of the RM Scenario Types.
Factors affecting secondary school students’ participation in a distributed learning course
Creators: name: Hollands, Anita
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this case study was to examine motivational factors influencing the participation of secondary school students enrolled in a grade 11 on-line learning course. The study was guided by two main questions: How frequently students used computer-mediated communication to participate in course discussions and what factors were involved in motivating students to participate actively and thoughtfully in the discussions? The computer-mediated conferencing component of the course was an important factor for students in their learning and understanding of course material. Students found it easier to participate in an on-line learning course as opposed to a face-to- face course for several reasons: anonymity, time-independence, and that it aided in their understanding of the course material. Students found the aspect of time-independence made the course less stressful then their regular face-to-face course. However, time-independence made self-discipline a key factor that influenced students' participation. Students with poor self-discipline found it more difficult to participate than students with good self-discipline. There was very low teacher presence in the computer-mediated discussions, which may also have been a limiting factor in students' participation.
Consumer Choice of Private Label or National Brand: The case of organic and non-organic milk
Creators: name: Zhuang, Yan
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
name: Zhuang, Yan
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: organic milk
subject: private label
subject: sample selection

description: We use a two-stage, sample selection model to investigate organic milk purchases using Neilsen’s Homescan data. In the first stage, households decide on a weekly basis to buy mainly organic milk or non-organic milk. Results from this stage show that higher income, better education, having children at home, and several other demographic and marketing variables have a positive effect on organic choice. In the second stage, consumers then choose to buy mainly private label milk or national brand milk conditional on their first-stage choice. Most demographic and marketing variables are found to affect the organic and non-organic private label decision in the same way. However, our results show that a few factors, such as marriage status and children, affect the private label decision differently for organic and non-organic milk customers.
Food Safety and Spinach Demand: A Shock Correction Model
Creators: name: Arnade, Carlos Anthony
name: Calvin, Linda
name: Kuchler, Fred
name: Arnade, Carlos Anthony
name: Calvin, Linda
name: Kuchler, Fred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: E-Coli
subject: Error Correction Model
subject: Spinach

description: Conventional Error Correction Models estimate the adjustment rate to all components of econometric errors. In this paper we estimate the response to a specific large error and investigate if the adjustment rate to a particular disequilibrium shock was distinct. We examine demand for leafy green vegetables, accounting for the 2006 U.S. Food and Drug Administration announcement that consumers should not eat spinach as it was a possible cause of an ongoing multi-state foodborne illness outbreak due to E-coli. If consumers initially responded to the government warning as if risks were significant but gradually realized that risk levels were negligible, the adjustment back to pre-announcement behavior could be considered a correction. Here, we develop a model of consumer behavior where consumers correct both for past errors and for any errors in their reaction to the shock. This method provides estimates of the rates of adjustment to the government announcement.
description: This paper generalizes the standard error correction model and applies this more general modeling procedure to an analysis of the spinach e-coli outbreak on consumer demand.
Additional file 1 of Scintigraphy evaluation of hyperthyroidism and its correlation with clinical and biochemical profiles
Creators: name: Alswat, Khaled
name: Assiri, Sara Ahmad
name: Raad M. M. Althaqafi
name: Atheer Alsufyani
name: Abaad Althagafi
name: Alrebaiee, Sara
name: Najd Alsukhayri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The use of carbimazole during the thyroid uptake and scan according to the uptake and scan diagnosis. Figure S2. Percentage of the ordered thyroid uptake and scan per year.
Demand-Side Factors in Optimal Land Conservation Choice
Creators: name: Ando, Amy Whritenour
name: Shah, Payal
name: Ando, Amy Whritenour
name: Shah, Payal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: conservation
subject: endangered species
subject: optimal reserve-site selection
subject: spatial
subject: demand-side

description: The dominant paradigm of conservation-reserve planning in economics is to optimize the provision of physical conservation benefits (measured in units like species protected) given a budget constraint. Large-scale biology-based priority setting implies that the value we place on biodiversity and ecosystem function is not affected by human proximity to that natural capital. There is significant evidence, however, that human willingness to pay (WTP) for conservation declines with distance (e.g. Loomis 2000) – a phenomenon we refer to as “spatial value decay”. This paper begins a new strand of the conservation planning literature that takes demand-side factors – the location of people in the landscape and the degree to which their willingness to pay for an environmental amenity depends on proximity to that amenity – into account. We use theoretical models of linear abstract landscapes to explore the impact of demand-side factors on two facets of optimal conservation choices: siting of a single reserve when conservation value is greatest near a critical site in the landscape (optimal targeting), and siting of multiple reserves when fragmentation reduces physical conservation services produced (optimal agglomeration). Our results show how optimal conservation planning might differ from straight ecological prescriptions. While minimum fragmentation is often optimal, planners can usefully employ increased fragmentation to capture value when people’s preferences are not very highly localized. In a targeting problem, the ecologically critical site is often the right thing to protect, but optimal policy balances proximity to critical site with proximity to people. In some scenarios, the payoff to using a reserve design approach that considers demand-side factors is large. Finally, we find that spatial value decay reduces the maximum levels of welfare and environmental services that can be gained from any conservation-planning approach. When spatial value decay is present because people are simply unaware of environmental resources farther away from where they live, education campaigns might serve to increase social welfare and environmental services.
Berechnung Paris-kompatibler Emissionspfade mit dem ESPM am Beispiel Deutschlands
Creators: name: Sargl, Manfred
name: Wiegand, Daniel
name: Wittmann, Günter
name: Wolfsteiner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Paris ambition mechanism
Pariser-Ambtionsmechanismus
Paris-kompatible Ziele
CO2-Budget

description: Das hier verwendete Extended Smooth Pathway Model (ESPM) bietet einen Rahmen, um Paris-kompatible nationale Emissionspfade herzuleiten. Am Beispiel Deutschlands werden exemplarische Emissionsziele gezeigt.
Tobacco Product Demand, Cigarette Taxes, and Market Substitution
Creators: name: Da Pra, Michelle
name: Arnade, Carlos Anthony
name: Da Pra, Michelle
name: Arnade, Carlos Anthony
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Tobacco
subject: Demand estimation
subject: Market outlet
subject: Price premiums
subject: Two-stage budgeting
subject: Cigarette tax

description: This paper presents a model of estimated demand for four tobacco products: cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and smoking tobacco products. Own elasticities and cross-price elasticities are used to obtain insights into the effectiveness and implications of new policy measures. Of particular interest is whether substitution of various tobacco products varies by market outlet. Several variations of the tobacco product outlet-choice model were estimated using iterative SUR. Four separate product-specific models where also estimated and represent consumers’ choice of a retail market outlet to purchase a particular tobacco product. In contrast to the joint product-outlet choice model, the two stage budgeting model rests on the assumption that consumers first choose a tobacco product, and then choose where to purchase it. In addition to estimating overall demand for the four tobacco products, models are estimated for tobacco products from three specific outlets: grocery stores, drug stores, and convenience stores. The paper investigates whether the various outlets substitute or complement each other and briefly deals with the issue of the premium consumers pay when purchasing tobacco products at convenience stores.
Selfconsistent calculations of spectral densities in the O(N) model: improving the Hartree-Fock approximation by including nonzero decay widths
Creators: name: Roeder, Dirk
name: Ruppert, Joerg
name: Rischke, Dirk H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the linear sigma model with O(N) symmetry at nonzero temperature in the framework of the Cornwall-Jackiw-Tomboulis formalism. Extending the set of two-particle irreducible diagrams by adding sunset diagrams to the usual Hartree-Fock contributions, we derive a new approximation scheme which extends the standard Hartree-Fock approximation by the inclusion of nonzero decay widths. In this approximation, in-medium modifications of the meson masses as well as decay and collisional broadening effects are selfconsistently taken into account. As compared to the standard Hartree-Fock approximation, the temperature for the chiral symmetry restoring phase transition is lowered by \~20%. For large temperatures, the spectral densities of the sigma-meson and the pion become degenerate, as required for the chirally symmetric phase.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures. Renormalization of UV-divergent vacuum contributions via cut-off scheme, minor revisions to text
The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey X: Initial Results from a Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect Study of Massive Galaxy Clusters at z>1 using MUSTANG2 on the GBT
Creators: name: Dicker, Simon R.
name: Romero, Charles E.
name: Di Mascolo, Luca
name: Mroczkowski, Tony
name: Sievers, Jonathan
name: Moravec, Emily
name: Bhandarkar, Tanay
name: Brodwin, Mark
name: Connor, Thomas
name: Decker, Bandon
name: Devlin, Mark
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Lowe, Ian
name: Mason, Brian S.
name: Sarazin, Craig
name: Stanford, Spencer A.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Thongkham, Khunanon
name: Wylezalek, Dominika
name: Zago, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of galaxy clusters as a function of redshift can be utilized as an important cosmological tool. We present initial results from a program of follow-up observations of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (SZE) in high redshift galaxy clusters detected at infrared wavelengths in the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS). Using typical on-source integration times of 3-4 hours per cluster, MUSTANG2 on the Green Bank Telescope was able to measure strong detections of SZE decrements and statistically significant masses on 14 out of 16 targets. On the remaining two, weaker (3.7 sigma) detections of the SZE signal and strong upper limits on the masses were obtained. In this paper we present masses and pressure profiles of each target and outline the data analysis used to recover these quantities. Of the clusters with strong detections, three show significantly flatter pressure profiles while, from the MUSTANG2 data, five others show signs of disruption at their cores. However, outside of the cores of the clusters, we were unable to detect significant amounts of asymmetry. Finally, there are indications that the relationship between optical richness used by MaDCoWS and SZE-inferred mass may be significantly flatter than indicated in previous studies.
description: Accepted by ApJ ; 20 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Gastrointestinal symptoms in invasive pneumococcal disease: a cohort study
Creators: name: Floeystad, Hans Kristian
name: Berild, Jacob Dag
name: Bjoern Jardar Brandsaeter
name: Vestrheim, Didrik Frimann
name: Berild, Dag
name: Holm, Are Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 : Table S1. Characteristics of included and excluded adult patients with invasive pneumococcal disease at admission to Aker University Hospital between 1993 and 2008. Table S2. Serotype of invasive pneumococcal disease stratified by symptoms for 416 adult patients admitted to Aker University Hospital between 1993 and 2008. Table S3. Empirical antibiotic treatment initiated after blood culture in 416 adult patients with invasive pneumococcal disease admitted to Aker University Hospital between 1993 and 2008. n:number. Table S4. Multivariate survival analysis by Cox regression for 416 adult patients with invasive pneumococcal disease at admission to Aker University Hospital between 1993 and 2008 by time period. GI: Gastrointestinal. Table S5. Proportion dead within 28 days for 416 adult patients with invasive pneumococcal disease at admission to Aker University Hospital between 1993 and 2008 by sex and time period.
Poverty Dynamics: Measurement and Understanding from an Interdisciplinary Perspective
Creators: name: Addison, Tony
name: Hulme, David
name: Kanbur, Ravi
name: Addison, Tony
name: Hulme, David
name: Kanbur, Ravi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: poverty dynamics
subject: multidimensional concepts and measures
subject: interdisciplinary approaches

description: This paper introduces a significant new multi-disciplinary collection of studies of poverty dynamics, presenting the reader with the latest thinking by a group of researchers who are leaders in their respective disciplines. It argues that there are three main fronts on which progress must be made if we are to dramatically deepen the understanding of why poverty occurs, and significantly improve the effectiveness of poverty reduction policies. First, poverty research needs to focus on poverty dynamics — over the life-course, across generations and between different social groups. Second, there is a need to move efforts to measure poverty dynamics beyond mere income and consumption to more multidimensional concepts and measures of poverty. This is increasingly common in static analyses but is rare in work on poverty dynamics. Third, at the same time there is a growing consensus that a thorough understanding of poverty and poverty reduction requires bridging the gap between disciplines through interdisciplinary approaches that combine qualitative and quantitative methods in measurement and analysis.
$X$-States From a Finite Geometric Perspective
Creators: name: Kelleher, Colm
name: Holweck, Frédéric
name: Lévay, Péter
name: Saniga, Metod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is found that $15$ different types of two-qubit $X$-states split naturally into two sets (of cardinality $9$ and $6$) once their entanglement properties are taken into account. We {characterize both the validity and entangled nature of the $X$-states with maximally-mixed subsystems in terms of certain parameters} and show that their properties are related to a special class of geometric hyperplanes of the symplectic polar space of order two and rank two. Finally, we introduce the concept of hyperplane-states and briefly address their non-local properties.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
Wheat Cleaning and its Effect on U.S. Wheat Exports
Creators: name: Haley, Stephen L.
name: Leetmaa, Susan E.
name: Webb, Alan J.
name: Haley, Stephen L.
name: Leetmaa, Susan E.
name: Webb, Alan J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: wheat
subject: grain quality
subject: trade model

description: This analysis shows that there could be net gains to the U.S. wheat industry if all U.S. export wheat were to be cleaned to a dockage level between 0.35 to 0.40 percent. These results are based on survey results of major importers of U.S. wheat, and a model of world wheat trade. Larger benefits to the U.S. wheat industry would be possible from cleaning only wheat destined to countries that demand higher quality U.S. wheat. However, these gains in export revenue from selling cleaner wheat could be offset if other exporters, especially Canada, responded in ways that would maintain their market share.
Additional file 1 of Multimorbidity and chronic diseases among undocumented migrants: evidence to contradict the myths
Creators: name: Gimeno-Feliu, Luis Andrés
name: Pastor-Sanz, Marta
name: Poblador-Plou, Beatriz
name: Calderón-Larrañaga, Amaia
name: Díaz, Esperanza
name: Prados-Torres, Alexandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Distribution of the migrant population according to geographic area of origin.
Additional file 1 of Exploring neighborhoods in large metagenome assembly graphs using spacegraphcats reveals hidden sequence diversity
Creators: name: Brown, C. Titus
name: Moritz, Dominik
name: O’Brien, Michael P.
name: Reidl, Felix
name: Reiter, Taylor
name: Sullivan, Blair D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1 Contains supplementary text, figures, and tables.
Viable Constraint on Scalar Field in Scalar-Tensor Theory
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Kuan, Hao-Jui
name: Luo, Ling-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scalar-tensor theory can be formulated in both Jordan and Einstein frames, which are conformally related together with a redefinition of the scalar field. As the solution to the equation of the scalar field in the Jordan frame does not have the one-to-one correspondence with that in the Einstein frame, we give a criterion along with some specific models to check if the scalar field in the Einstein frame is viable or not by confirming whether this field is reversible back to the Jordan frame. We further show that the criterion in the first parameterized post-Newtonian approximation can be determined by the parameters of the osculating approximation of the coupling function in the Einstein frame and can be treated as a viable constraint on any numerical study in the scalar-tensor scenario. We also demonstrate that the Brans-Dicke theory with an infinite constant parameter $ω_{\text{BD}}$ is a counterexample of the equivalence between two conformal frames due to the violation of the viable constraint.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Cosmological tachyon from cubic string field theory
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical dynamics of the tachyon scalar field of cubic string field theory is considered on a cosmological background. Starting from a nonlocal action with arbitrary tachyon potential, which encodes the bosonic and several supersymmetric cases, we study the equations of motion in the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism and with a generalized Friedmann equation, appliable in braneworld or modified gravity models. The cases of cubic (bosonic) and quartic (supersymmetric) tachyon potential in general relativity are automatically included. We comment the validity of the slow-roll approximation, the stability of the cosmological perturbations, and the relation between this tachyon and the Dirac-Born-Infeld one.
description: 20 pages JHEP style, 1 figure; v4: misprints corrected, matches the published version
EVALUATION OF EXTERNAL MARKET EFFECTS AND GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION IN MALAYSIA'S AGRICULTURAL SECTOR: A COMPUTABLE GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM FRAMEWORK
Creators: name: Yeah, Kim Leng
name: Yanagida, John F.
name: Yamauchi, Hiroshi
name: Yeah, Kim Leng
name: Yanagida, John F.
name: Yamauchi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: An eight-sector, single-period, agricultural-focused computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of Malaysia using 1983 as the base year was developed to evaluate effects from changes in the external trade environment and domestic economic policies. The simulation results demonstrate the growing resiliency of the increasingly diversified Malaysian economy to external shocks. Also, they point to the domestic economy's ability to buffer internal policy-induced distortions.
Additional file 2 of Exploring neighborhoods in large metagenome assembly graphs using spacegraphcats reveals hidden sequence diversity
Creators: name: Brown, C. Titus
name: Moritz, Dominik
name: O’Brien, Michael P.
name: Reidl, Felix
name: Reiter, Taylor
name: Sullivan, Blair D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2 Contains the review history.
Berechnung Paris-kompatibler Emissionspfade mit dem ESPM am Beispiel Deutschlands und der EU
Creators: name: Sargl, Manfred
name: Wiegand, Daniel
name: Wittmann, Günter
name: Wolfsteiner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Paris ambition mechanism
Pariser-Ambtionsmechanismus
Paris-kompatible Ziele
CO2-Budget

description: CO2 reichert in sich der Atmosphäre an. Daher ist die Summe an CO2-Emissionen entscheidend für die Einhaltung bestimmter Grenzen der Erderwärmung. Auf dieser naturwissenschaftlichen Grundlage fordern z. B. „Fridays for Future“, dass sich nationale Emissionspfade an einem verbleibenden globalen CO2-Budget orientieren sollen. Bei der Umsetzung stellen sich jedoch folgende Fragen: An welchem konkreten global verbleibenden CO2-Budget sollen sich die Staaten bei ihren NDCs orientieren? An welcher Aufteilung eines globalen CO2-Budgets sollen sich Staaten bei ihren NDCs orientieren? Wie kann ein daraus resultierendes nationales CO2-Budget in einen sinnvollen nationalen Emissionspfad übersetzt werden? Das hier präsentierte Extended Smooth Pathway Model (ESPM) bietet einen möglichen Rahmen, um diese Fragen beantworten zu können. Wenn die Vertragsstaaten bei ihren NDCs ein dahinterstehendes globales CO2-Budget und einen dahinterstehenden Verteilungsschlüssel transparent machen, kann dies einen Diskurs in Gang setzen, der zu konvergierenden globalen Orientierungsgrößen führt.
title: The 2020 longline survey of the Gulf of Alaska and eastern Aleutian Is lands on the FV Alaskan Leader: Cruise Report AL-20-01
Creators: name: Siwicke, K.
Publisher: name: Alaska Fisheries Science Center (U.S.). Auke Bay Laboratories (Juneau, Alaska)
Year: 2021

description: AFSC processed report ; 2021-02
PHASING IN AND PHASING OUT PROTECTIONISM WITH COSTLY ADJUSTMENTS OF LABOUR
Creators: name: Karp, Larry S.
name: Paul, Thierry
name: Karp, Larry S.
name: Paul, Thierry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: adjustment costs
subject: dynamic tariffs
subject: time inconsistency
subject: Markov perfection

description: We study the dynamics of optimal trade policy in a model with costly inter-sectoral adjustment of labour, where migrants pay less than the marginal social cost of migration. If workers have rational expectations, a future tariff has an announcement effect on the current migration decision. If the government is able to commit itself to future policy, the optimal trajectory involves phasing in and then phasing out protection of the dying sector. This contrasts with recommendations of gradual liberalization. Without the ability to make commitments, the equilibrium policy begins with and maintains free trade.
Der Nomokanon Mîhâ´îls von Malîg (Fortsetzung)
Creators: name: Cöln, Franz
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 7 (1907): Oriens christianus, Band 7
MEASURING PROTECTION IN AGRICULTURE: THE PRODUCER SUBSIDY EQUIVALENT REVISITED
Creators: name: Masters, William A.
name: Masters, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: In the 1980s, the Producer Subsidy Equivalent (PSE) became the dominant measure of protection in applied studies of international agricultural trade. This paper analyzes potential biases in the ratio form of the PSE introduced by using actual domestic prices rather than social opportunity costs in the denominator. It is shown that doing so introduces a consistent under-estimation of the effects of trade restrictions and other price-support policies, relative to deficiency payments and other income-support policies. It is found that under plausible conditions this bias leads the PSE to rank protection levels across countries or crops incorrectly. In a sample of 250 activities across 33 countries, such errors were found to occur in 5% of crop comparisons and 8% of country comparisons, including a number of politically sensitive cases. An improved formula would therefore provide significantly more accurate results than the conventional PSE, with no additional data or more restrictive assumptions.
Towards demand-side management of the chlor-alkali electrolysis: dynamic modeling and model validation
Creators: name: Weigert, Joris
name: Hoffmann, Christian
name: Esche, Erik
name: Fischer, Peter
name: Repke, Jens-Uwe
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
subject: chlor-alkali electrolysis
subject: demand response
subject: demand-side management
subject: flexible operation
subject: dynamic modeling

description: The chlor-alkali electrolysis promises advantageous application of demand-side management and several research groups have proposed dynamic models to obtain optimal trajectories for such applications. However, no dynamic model of those proposed so far has yet been validated with real, industrial plant data. This is highly important to determine trajectories, which are indeed feasible. This contribution addresses this issue by proposing a dynamic model of the chlor-alkali electrolysis that contains those variables relevant for dynamic operation, especially temperature and composition of the electrolytes. This model is validated with real plant data from an electrolysis located in Marl, Germany, for two scenarios: (1) several small load changes of around 4 MW and (2) a large load change of more than 50 MW.
Additional file 1 of Systematic review supports the role of DNA methylation in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia: a call for analytical and methodological standardization
Creators: name: A. Cirkovic
name: V. Garovic
name: J. Milin Lazovic
name: O. Milicevic
name: M. Savic
name: N. Rajovic
name: N. Aleksic
name: T. Weissgerber
name: A. Stefanovic
name: D. Stanisavljevic
name: Milic, N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of Studies included in the systematic review; Table S2. Definitions of preeclampsia; Table S3. Criteria for less severe and more severe forms of preeclampsia; Table S4. Exclusion criteria for studies examining DNA methylation between preeclamptic and normotensive women; Table S5. Differentially methylated genes in not specified PE.
Fearless leadership in and out of the ’Fear’ Matrix
Creators: name: Fisher, R. Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There are many types of leaders and leadership but rare is it to find leaders operating from a fearless standpoint, like that of the sacred warrior traditions, where the very construct of 'fear' is seen as the "first enemy" and is thoroughly critiqued. If we are living in a 'Fear' Matrix where 'fear' rules and shapes our personalities, organizations, leadership and pedagogy, then a new kind of leadership in education is required— especially, in a post-September 11th context with a cancerous "culture of fear" and violence (terrorism). After watching the popular sci-fi action film The Matrix (1999), it became evident that this dissertation was going to be directed and shaped by the film's characters and meta-mythical narrative. The problem and question that this dissertation explores is "What is the 'Fear' Matrix?" This attempts to legitimize the question and the ongoing answers as having curricular and pedagogical relevance, especially for educational leadership development. The dissertation inquiry takes complex, chaotic, and artistic pathways, collaging together multi-layered transdisciplinary processes of an arts-based performative postmodern methodology. The play opens with Part One and an introduction to a polyvocal chorus of insights into the role of fear in education and our world. Revolutionary fictional dialogue with Ken Wilber (critical integral theory) and Daniel Cohn-Bendit (French revolutionary), serves to introduce the intellectual problematics of understanding the 'Fear' Matrix and the author of the dialogue. Part Two is the performance of a sequel (screen play) and critique of The Matrix, written through a general cyborg feminist lens. Part Three summarizes the methodological problems of the dissertation through a post-performance fictional dialogue with the audience and reader.