cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-ergodic extended phase of the Quantum Random Energy model
Creators: name: Faoro, Lara
name: Feigel'man, Mikhail
name: Ioffe, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of non-ergodicity in quantum many body systems can be discussed in the context of the wave functions of the many body system or as a property of the dynamical observables, such as time-dependent spin correlators. In the former approach the non-ergodic delocalized states is defined as the one in which the wave functions occupy a volume that scales as a non-trivial power of the full phase space. In this work we study the simplest spin glass model and find that in the delocalized non-ergodic regime the spin-spin correlators decay with the characteristic time that scales as non-trivial power of the full Hilbert space volume. The long time limit of this correlator also scales as a power of the full Hilbert space volume. We identify this phase with the glass phase whilst the many body localized phase corresponds to a 'hyperglass' in which dynamics is practically absent. We discuss the implications of these finding to quantum information problems.
description: Changes with respect to the first version (Dec. 2018): titles is slightly changed, abstract is extended, discussion of previous papers on similar subject is considerably augmented
High-harmonic generation enhanced by laser-induced electron recollision
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Sato, Takeshi
name: Ishikawa, Kenichi L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate correlated electron dynamics in high-harmonic generation (HHG), using all-electron \emph{ab initio} simulations for three-dimensional real alkali-metal atoms. The resulting harmonic spectra exhibit a plateau extended beyond the usual cutoff and a prominent resonance peak above the plateau. These remarkable features arise from the cation response dramatically enhanced by laser-induced electron recollision, which is a key process of attosecond science. This demonstrates that high-harmonic spectroscopy provides new possibilities to explore dynamical electron correlation in strong laser pulses.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2: of Challenges and support for quality of life of youths living with HIV/AIDS in schools and larger community in East Africa: a systematic review
Creators: name: Kimera, Emmanuel
name: Vindevogel, Sofie
name: Maeyer, Jessica De
name: Reynaert, Didier
name: Anne-Mie Engelen
name: Nuwaha, Fred
name: Rubaihayo, John
name: Bilsen, Johan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Data extraction form format. (DOCX 12 kb)
Tensor network analysis of critical coupling in two dimensional $ϕ^{4}$ theory
Creators: name: Kadoh, Daisuke
name: Kuramashi, Yoshinobu
name: Nakamura, Yoshifumi
name: Sakai, Ryo
name: Takeda, Shinji
name: Yoshimura, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make a detailed analysis of the spontaneous $Z_{2}$-symmetry breaking in the two dimensional real $ϕ^{4}$ theory with the tensor renormalization group approach, which allows us to take the thermodynamic limit easily and determine the physical observables without statistical uncertainties. We determine the critical coupling in the continuum limit employing the tensor network formulation for scalar field theories proposed in our previous paper. We obtain $\left[ λ/ μ_{\mathrm{c}}^{2} \right]_{\mathrm{cont.}} = 10.913(56)$ with the quartic coupling $λ$ and the renormalized critical mass $μ_{\mathrm{c}}$. The result is compared with previous results obtained by different approaches.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1: of Health of Syrian unaccompanied asylum seeking adolescents (UASA) at first medical examination in Germany in comparison to UASA from other world regions
Creators: name: Laukamp, Annika
name: Prüfer-Krämer, Luise
name: Fischer, Florian
name: Krämer, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Screening_document_medical_examination_UASA.pdf. (DOCX 188 kb)
Q-switched Dy:ZBLAN fiber lasers beyond 3 μm: comparison of pulse generation using acousto-optic modulation and inkjet-printed black phosphorus
Creators: name: Woodward, R. I.
name: Majewski, M. R.
name: Macadam, N.
name: Hu, G.
name: Albrow-Owen, T.
name: Hasan, T.
name: Jackson, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high-energy mid-infrared pulse generation by Q-switching of dysprosium-doped fiber lasers for the first time. Two different modulation techniques are demonstrated. Firstly, using active acousto-optic modulation, pulses are produced with up to 12 μJ energy and durations as short as 270 ns, with variable repetition rates from 100 Hz to 20 kHz and central wavelengths tunable from 2.97 to 3.23 μm. Experiments are supported by numerical modeling, identifying routes for improved pulse energies and to avoid multi-pulsing by careful choice of modulator parameters. Secondly, we demonstrate passive Q-switching by fabricating an inkjet-printed black phosphorus saturable absorber, simplifying the cavity and generating 1.0 μJ pulses with 740 ns duration. The performance and relative merits of each modulation approach are then critically discussed. These demonstrations highlight the potential of dysprosium as a versatile gain medium for high-performance pulsed sources beyond 3 μm.
Lattice Chern-Simons Number Without Ultraviolet Problems
Creators: name: Moore, Guy D.
name: Turok, Neil G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a topological method of measuring Chern-Simons number change in the real time evolution of classical lattice SU(2) and SU(2) Higgs theory. We find that the Chern-Simons number diffusion rate per physical 4-volume is very heavily suppressed in the broken phase, and that it decreases with lattice spacing in pure Yang-Mills theory, although not as quickly as predicted by Arnold, Son, and Yaffe.
description: 26 pages including 6 figures, uses psfig. Corrected for an algebra error in the original draft of hep-lat/9610013; minor rewriting and more analysis
Collisional damping of the collective oscillations of a trapped Fermi gas
Creators: name: Vichi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a Fermi gas confined by a harmonic trapping potential and we highlight the role of the Fermi-Dirac statistics by studying frequency and damping of collective oscillations of quadrupole type in the framework of the quantum Boltzmann equation, in which statistical corrections are taken into account in the collisional integral. We are able to describe the crossover from the collisionless regime to the hydrodynamic one by introducing a temperature-dependent relaxation time $τ_Q$. We show that, in the degenerate regime, the relaxation rate $1/τ_Q$ exhibits a temperature dependence different from the collision rate $γ$. We finally compare the collisional properties of the Fermi gas with the ones of the Bose gas for temperatures above the Bose-Einstein condensation.
description: Revtex, 13 pages, 4 figures included. Final version accepted for publication in Journal of Low Temperature Physics. Small changes in the text and in the appendix; improved references
A Domain-Independent Algorithm for Plan Adaptation
Creators: name: Hanks, S.
name: Weld, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paradigms of transformational planning, case-based planning, and plan debugging all involve a process known as plan adaptation - modifying or repairing an old plan so it solves a new problem. In this paper we provide a domain-independent algorithm for plan adaptation, demonstrate that it is sound, complete, and systematic, and compare it to other adaptation algorithms in the literature. Our approach is based on a view of planning as searching a graph of partial plans. Generative planning starts at the graph's root and moves from node to node using plan-refinement operators. In planning by adaptation, a library plan - an arbitrary node in the plan graph - is the starting point for the search, and the plan-adaptation algorithm can apply both the same refinement operators available to a generative planner and can also retract constraints and steps from the plan. Our algorithm's completeness ensures that the adaptation algorithm will eventually search the entire graph and its systematicity ensures that it will do so without redundantly searching any parts of the graph.
description: See http://www.jair.org/ for any accompanying files
Thermal Conductivity of Mg-doped CuGeO_3
Creators: name: Takeya, J.
name: Tsukada, I.
name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Masuda, T.
name: Uchinokura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal conductivity $κ$ is measured in a series of Cu_1-xMg_xGeO_3 single crystals in magnetic fields up to 16 T. It has turned out that heat transport by spin excitations is coherent for lightly doped samples, in which the spin-Peierls (SP) transition exists, at temperatures well above the SP transition temperature T_SP. Depression of this spin heat transport appears below T^*, at which the spin gap locally opens. T^* is not modified with Mg-doping and that T^* for each Mg-doped sample remains as high as T_SP of pure CuGeO_3, in contrast to T_SP which is strongly suppressed with Mg-doping. The spin-gap opening enhances phonon part of the heat transport because of reduced scattering by the spin excitations, producing an unusual peak. This peak diminishes when the spin gap is suppressed both in magnetic fields and with the Mg-doping.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Integration of CUDA Processing within the C++ library for parallelism and concurrency (HPX)
Creators: name: Diehl, Patrick
name: Seshadri, Madhavan
name: Heller, Thomas
name: Kaiser, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Experience shows that on today's high performance systems the utilization of different acceleration cards in conjunction with a high utilization of all other parts of the system is difficult. Future architectures, like exascale clusters, are expected to aggravate this issue as the number of cores are expected to increase and memory hierarchies are expected to become deeper. One big aspect for distributed applications is to guarantee high utilization of all available resources, including local or remote acceleration cards on a cluster while fully using all the available CPU resources and the integration of the GPU work into the overall programming model. For the integration of CUDA code we extended HPX, a general purpose C++ run time system for parallel and distributed applications of any scale, and enabled asynchronous data transfers from and to the GPU device and the asynchronous invocation of CUDA kernels on this data. Both operations are well integrated into the general programming model of HPX which allows to seamlessly overlap any GPU operation with work on the main cores. Any user defined CUDA kernel can be launched on any (local or remote) GPU device available to the distributed application. We present asynchronous implementations for the data transfers and kernel launches for CUDA code as part of a HPX asynchronous execution graph. Using this approach we can combine all remotely and locally available acceleration cards on a cluster to utilize its full performance capabilities. Overhead measurements show, that the integration of the asynchronous operations (data transfer + launches of the kernels) as part of the HPX execution graph imposes no additional computational overhead and significantly eases orchestrating coordinated and concurrent work on the main cores and the used GPU devices.
The redshift periodicity of galaxies as a probe of the correctness of general relativity
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical work determines the correct coupling constant of a scalar field to the Ricci curvature of spacetime in general relativity. The periodicity in the redshift distribution of galaxies observed by Broadhurst {\em et al.}, if genuine, determines the coupling constant in the proposed scalar field models. As a result, these observations contain important information on the problem whether general relativity is the correct theory of gravity in the region of the universe at redshifts z<0.5.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, no figures, to appear in Gen. Rel. Grav. Based on a essay selected for an Honorable Mention by the Gravity Research Foundation, 1996
Light scattering from mesoscopic objects in diffusive media
Creators: name: Luck, J. M.
name: Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffuse intensity propagating in turbid media is sensitive to the presence of any kind of object embedded in the medium, e.g. obstacles or defects. The long-ranged effects of isolated objects can be described by a stationary diffusion equation, the effect of any single object being parametrized in terms of a multipole expansion. An absorbing object is chiefly characterized by a negative charge, while the leading effect of a non-absorbing object is due to its dipole moment. The associated intrinsic characteristics of the object (capacitance $Q$ or effective radius $R_{\rm eff}$, polarizability $P$) can be evaluated within the diffusion approximation for large enough objects. The situation of mesoscopic objects, with a size comparable to the mean free path, requires a more careful treatment, for which the appropriate framework is radiative transfer theory. This formalism is worked out in detail for spheres and cylinders of the following kinds: totally absorbing (black), transparent, and totally reflecting.
description: 31 pages, 2 tables, 7 figures. To appear in Eur. J. Phys. B
Truncating Temporal Differences: On the Efficient Implementation of TD(lambda) for Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Cichosz, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Temporal difference (TD) methods constitute a class of methods for learning predictions in multi-step prediction problems, parameterized by a recency factor lambda. Currently the most important application of these methods is to temporal credit assignment in reinforcement learning. Well known reinforcement learning algorithms, such as AHC or Q-learning, may be viewed as instances of TD learning. This paper examines the issues of the efficient and general implementation of TD(lambda) for arbitrary lambda, for use with reinforcement learning algorithms optimizing the discounted sum of rewards. The traditional approach, based on eligibility traces, is argued to suffer from both inefficiency and lack of generality. The TTD (Truncated Temporal Differences) procedure is proposed as an alternative, that indeed only approximates TD(lambda), but requires very little computation per action and can be used with arbitrary function representation methods. The idea from which it is derived is fairly simple and not new, but probably unexplored so far. Encouraging experimental results are presented, suggesting that using lambda > 0 with the TTD procedure allows one to obtain a significant learning speedup at essentially the same cost as usual TD(0) learning.
description: See http://www.jair.org/ for any accompanying files
Resummation analysis of the $τ$ decay width using the four-loop $β$-function
Creators: name: Groote, S.
name: Körner, J. G.
name: Pivovarov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extract the strong coupling constant $α_s(m_τ^2)$ from the semileptonic $τ$ decay width taking into account resummation effects from the running of the strong coupling constant. In the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme the result reads $α_s=0.375\pm 0.007$ to third order and $α_s=0.378\pm 0.007$ to fourth order in the $β$-function, respectively, where we use the recently computed four-loop coefficient $β_3$. These values for the coupling constant have to be compared with the value $α_s=0.354\pm 0.005$ derived from a third order analysis of $τ$ decays. We determine the exact value of the convergence radius of the perturbation series by analyzing the singularity structure of the complex coupling constant plane.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, more detailed explanation of the analysis done for the determination of the convergence radius, one PostScript figure added
Adaptive compressive tomography with no a priori information
Creators: name: Ahn, D.
name: Teo, Y. S.
name: Jeong, H.
name: Bouchard, F.
name: Hufnagel, F.
name: Karimi, E.
name: Koutny, D.
name: Rehacek, J.
name: Hradil, Z.
name: Leuchs, G.
name: Sanchez-Soto, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum state tomography is both a crucial component in the field of quantum information and computation, and a formidable task that requires an incogitably large number of measurement configurations as the system dimension grows. We propose and experimentally carry out an intuitive adaptive compressive tomography scheme, inspired by the traditional compressed-sensing protocol in signal recovery, that tremendously reduces the number of configurations needed to uniquely reconstruct any given quantum state without any additional a priori assumption whatsoever (such as rank information, purity, etc) about the state, apart from its dimension.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Frustrated Order by Disorder: the Pyrochlore Antiferromagnet with Bond Disorder
Creators: name: Bellier-Castella, L.
name: Gingras, M. J. P.
name: Holdsworth, P. C. W.
name: Moessner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the pyrochlore lattice is macroscopically and continuously degenerate and the system remains disordered at all temperatures, even in the presence of weak dilution with nonmagnetic ions. We show that, in stark contrast, weak bond disorder lifts the ground state degeneracy in favour of locally collinear spin configurations. We present a proof that for a single tetrahedron the ground state is perfectly collinear but identify two mechanisms which preclude the establishment of a globally collinear state; one due to frustration and the other due to higher-order effects. We thus obtain a rugged energy landscape, which is necessary to account for the glassy phenomena found in real systems such as the pyrochlore Y_2Mo_2O_7 recently reported by Booth et al. [Booth] to contain a substantial degree of bond disorder.
description: 2 Postscript figures included. Submitted to Canadian Journal of Physics for the Proceedings of the Higly Frustrated Magnetism 2000 Conference, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, June 11-15, 2000 Contact: gingras@gandalf.uwaterloo.ca
Shots in the Dark: a refined Dark-Enhanced Startle paradigm and tests of alcohol’s effects therein
Creators: name: Whittaker, Freya
name: Bradford, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Dark
subject: Dark-enhanced startle
subject: EEG
subject: EMG
subject: Psychophysiology
subject: Startle
subject: alcohol
subject: darkness
subject: stress response
subject: stress response dampening
subject: uncertainty

description: This preregistration includes two studies with data collected simultaneous across studies and each study planned to be published as separate manuscripts given their separate foci: Study 1) development and validation of a refined and enhanced threat of darkness paradigm, Study 2) testing of the effects of a moderate dose of alcohol on dark-enhanced startle within the darkness paradigm. Specifically, the proposed study aims to:
1. (Study 1) Refine threat of darkness paradigm for use in future research, namely through:
a. Introducing a third condition, dim light, to address a limitation of prior work;
b. Including a fixation crosshair and measurement of attentional engagement using EEG to address the potential attentional confounds.
2. (Study 2) Clarify the conditions under which alcohol may attenuate the psychophysiological stress response through the application of a novel, translational paradigm, in:
a. Attempting to replicate and extend prior work linking alcohol’s stress dampening to stressor uncertainty that used threat of shock;
b. Clarify the boundary conditions that may mediate when alcohol is effective at attenuating startle (e.g., during presentation of various types of uncertainty).
On the Nature of the X-ray Emission from the Ultraluminous X-ray Source, M33 X-8: New Constraints from NuSTAR and XMM-Newton
Creators: name: West, Lacey A.
name: Lehmer, Bret D.
name: Wik, Daniel
name: Yang, Jun
name: Walton, Dominic J.
name: Antoniou, Vallia
name: Haberl, Frank
name: Hornschemeier, Ann
name: Maccarone, Thomas J.
name: Plucinsky, Paul P.
name: Ptak, Andrew
name: Williams, Benjamin F.
name: Vulic, Neven
name: Yukita, Mihoko
name: Zezas, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present nearly simultaneous NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations of the nearby (832 kpc) ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) M33 X-8. M33 X-8 has a 0.3-10 keV luminosity of LX ~ 1.4 x 10^39 erg/s, near the boundary of the "ultraluminous" classification, making it an important source for understanding the link between typical Galactic X-ray binaries and ULXs. Past studies have shown that the 0.3-10 keV spectrum of X-8 can be characterized using an advection-dominated accretion disk model. We find that when fitting to our NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observations, an additional high-energy (>10 keV) Comptonization component is required, which allows us to rule out single advection-dominated disk and classical sub-Eddington models. With our new constraints, we analyze XMM-Newton data taken over the last 17 years to show that small (~30%) variations in the 0.3-10 keV flux of M33 X-8 result in spectral changes similar to those observed for other ULXs. The two most likely phenomenological scenarios suggested by the data are degenerate in terms of constraining the nature of the accreting compact object (i.e., black hole versus neutron star). We further present a search for pulsations using our suite of data; however, no clear pulsations are detected. Future observations designed to observe M33 X-8 at different flux levels across the full 0.3-30 keV range would significantly improve our constraints on the nature of this important source.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ (15 pages, 4 tables, 6 figures)
Additional file 1: of Challenges and support for quality of life of youths living with HIV/AIDS in schools and larger community in East Africa: a systematic review
Creators: name: Kimera, Emmanuel
name: Vindevogel, Sofie
name: Maeyer, Jessica De
name: Reynaert, Didier
name: Anne-Mie Engelen
name: Nuwaha, Fred
name: Rubaihayo, John
name: Bilsen, Johan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Search strategy. (DOCX 12 kb)
Efficiency of symmetric targeting for finite-T DMRG
Creators: name: Nishino, T.
name: Shibata, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two targeting schemes have been known for the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) applied to non-Hermitian problems; one uses an asymmetric density matrix and the other uses symmetric density matrix. We compare the numerical efficiency of these two targeting schemes when they are used for the finite temperature DMRG.
description: 4 pages, 3 Postscript figures, REVTeX
Additional file 2: of Detection of circular RNA expression and related quantitative trait loci in the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Creators: name: Liu, Zelin
name: Ran, Yuan
name: Tao, Changyu
name: Li, Sichen
name: Chen, Jian
name: Yang, Ence
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. Relative circRNA expression level in 14 cell lines, 29 tissues, and DLPFC. Figure S2. The Sanger sequencing results for circRNAs from AKT3, HOOK3, and MDGA2. Figure S3. Distributions of the exon numbers (A) and lengths (B) of exonic circRNAs. Figure S4. Pie charts indicated the fraction of circRNAs produced from one host gene. Figure S5. LIB-associated circRNAs show higher expression levels and shorter median lengths. Figure S6. Comparison of distributions of effect size of circRNAs (red line) and genes (blue line) in detecting SCZ-control differential expression in CMC dataset. (DOCX 1163 kb)
Eigenvalue equation for genus two modular graphs
Creators: name: Basu, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain a second order differential equation on moduli space satisfied by certain modular graph functions at genus two, each of which has two links. This eigenvalue equation is obtained by analyzing the variations of these graphs under the variation of the Beltrami differentials. This equation involves seven distinct graphs, three of which appear in the integrand of the $D^8\mathcal{R}^4$ term in the low momentum expansion of the four graviton amplitude at genus two in type II string theory.
description: 67 pages, LaTex; 27 figures
Additional file 8: of Population genomics of rapid evolution in natural populations: polygenic selection in response to power station thermal effluents
Creators: name: Dayan, David
name: Du, Xiao
name: Baris, Tara
name: Wagner, Dominique
name: Crawford, Douglas
name: Oleksiak, Marjorie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S4. Long Range LD Decay. R2 among single SNP pairs across the full dataset, with loess smoothing line for SNP pairs that contain a candidate (red) and those that do not (black). (PDF 649 kb)
Classical Lieb-Robinson Bound for Estimating Equilibration Timescales of Isolated Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Nickelsen, Daniel
name: Kastner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study equilibration of an isolated quantum system by mapping it onto a network of classical oscillators in Hilbert space. By choosing a suitable basis for this mapping, the degree of locality of the quantum system reflects in the sparseness of the network. We derive a Lieb-Robinson bound on the speed of propagation across the classical network, which allows us to estimate the timescale at which the quantum system equilibrates. The bound contains a parameter that quantifies the degree of locality of the Hamiltonian and the observable. Locality was disregarded in earlier studies of equilibration times, and is believed to be a key ingredient for making contact with the majority of physically realistic models. The more local the Hamiltonian and observables, the longer the equilibration timescale predicted by the bound.
description: 5+4 pages, 3+3 figures
Using default inheritance to describe LTAG
Creators: name: Evans, Roger
name: Gazdar, Gerald
name: Weir, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the results of an investigation into how the set of elementary trees of a Lexicalized Tree Adjoining Grammar can be represented in the lexical knowledge representation language DATR (Evans & Gazdar 1989a,b). The LTAG under consideration is based on the one described in Abeille et al. (1990). Our approach is similar to that of Vijay-Shanker & Schabes (1992) in that we formulate an inheritance hierarchy that efficiently encodes the elementary trees. However, rather than creating a new representation formalism for this task, we employ techniques of established utility in other lexically-oriented frameworks. In particular, we show how DATR's default mechanism can be used to eliminate the need for a non-immediate dominance relation in the descriptions of the surface LTAG entries. This allows us to embed the tree structures in the feature theory in a manner reminiscent of HPSG subcategorisation frames, and hence express lexical rules as relations over feature structures.
Self-Structuring of Granular Media under Internal Avalanches
Creators: name: Krishnamurthy, S.
name: Loreto, V.
name: Herrmann, H. J.
name: Manna, S. S.
name: Roux, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenon of internal avalanching within the context of recently proposed ``Tetris'' lattice models for granular media. We define a recycling dynamics under which the system reaches a steady state which is self-structured, i.e. it shows a complex interplay between textured internal structures and critical avalanche behavior. Furthermore we develop a general mean-field theory for this class of systems and discuss possible scenarios for the breakdown of universality.
description: 4 pages RevTex, 3 eps figures, revised version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 7: of Population genomics of rapid evolution in natural populations: polygenic selection in response to power station thermal effluents
Creators: name: Dayan, David
name: Du, Xiao
name: Baris, Tara
name: Wagner, Dominique
name: Crawford, Douglas
name: Oleksiak, Marjorie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S5. Decay of FST away from candidate SNPs. Mean reference vs. effluent FST values at SNPs with 1mb and 100â kb from candidate SNPs for the Oyster Creek triad (a) and Brayton Point triad (b). Distance is presented in base pairs from candidate SNP, smoothing line is the Loess-smoothed mean FST value with 95% confidence intervals, dashed line is the mean genome-wide FST value estimate (dashed black line) for both reference vs effluent comparisons within the triad, dashed smoothing line (blue) is Loess-smoothed mean of a random permutation of distance vs. mean reference vs. effluent FST values, red SNPs are candidate loci. (PDF 3502 kb)
Additional file 1 of The impact of economic freedom on COVID-19 pandemic control: the moderating role of equality
Creators: name: Huang, Guanglv
name: Yu, Xiaoli
name: Long, Qinyi
name: Huang, Liqin
name: Luo, Siyang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materials.
Mixed field theory
Creators: name: Gubser, Steven S.
name: Jepsen, Christian
name: Ji, Ziming
name: Trundy, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider scalar field theory defined over a direct product of the real and $p$-adic numbers. An adjustable dynamical scaling exponent $z$ enters into the microscopic lagrangian, so that the Gaussian theories provide a line of fixed points. We argue that at $z=1/3$, a branch of Wilson-Fisher fixed points joins onto the line of Gaussian theories. We compute standard critical exponents at the Wilson-Fisher fixed points in the region where they are perturbatively accessible, including a loop correction to the dynamical critical exponent. We show that the classical propagator contains oscillatory behavior in the real direction, though the amplitude of these oscillations can be made exponentially small without fine-tuning parameters of the theory. Similar oscillatory behavior emerges in Fourier space from two-loop corrections, though again it can be highly suppressed. We also briefly consider compact $p$-adic extra dimensions, showing in non-linear, classical, scalar field theories that a form of consistent truncation allows us to retain only finitely many Kaluza-Klein modes in an effective theory formulated on the non-compact directions.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures
Physical Optimization of Quantum Error Correction Circuits
Creators: name: Burkard, Guido
name: Loss, Daniel
name: DiVincenzo, David P.
name: Smolin, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum error correcting codes have been developed to protect a quantum computer from decoherence due to a noisy environment. In this paper, we present two methods for optimizing the physical implementation of such error correction schemes. First, we discuss an optimal quantum circuit implementation of the smallest error-correcting code (the three bit code). Quantum circuits are physically implemented by serial pulses, i.e. by switching on and off external parameters in the Hamiltonian one after another. In contrast to this, we introduce a new parallel switching method that allows faster gate operation by switching all external parameters simultaneously. These two methods are applied to electron spins in coupled quantum dots subject to a Heisenberg coupling H=J(t) S_1*S_2 which can generate the universal quantum gate `square-root-of-swap'. Using parallel pulses, the encoding for three-bit quantum error correction in a Heisenberg system can be accelerated by a factor of about two. We point out that parallel switching has potential applications for arbitrary quantum computer architectures.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Connections Between Inclusive and Exclusive Semileptonic B Decay
Creators: name: Wise, Mark B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: B decay sum rules relate exclusive B semileptonic decay matrix elements to forward B-meson matrix elements of operators in HQET. At leading order the operators that occur are the b-quark kinetic energy $λ_1$ and chromomagnetic energy $λ_2$. The latter is determined by the measured $B^*-B$ mass splitting. The derivation of these sum rules is reviewed and perturbative QCD corrections are discussed. A determination of $λ_1$ and the energy of the light degrees of freedom in a B-meson, $\barΛ$, from semileptonic B decay data is presented. Future prospects for improving these sum rules are discussed.
description: 14 pages, Talk given at the Latin American Symposium on High Energy Physics, Merida, Mexico, 1996
Why physical understanding should precede the mathematical formalism - conditional quantum probabilities as a case-study
Creators: name: Aharonov, Yakir
name: Cohen, Eliahu
name: Oaknin, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conditional probabilities in quantum systems which have both initial and final boundary conditions are commonly evaluated using the Aharonov-Bergmann-Lebowitz rule. In this short note we present a seemingly disturbing paradox that appears when applying the rule to systems with slightly broken degeneracies. In these cases we encounter a singular limit - the probability "jumps" when going from perfect degeneracy to negligibly broken one. We trace the origin of the paradox and solve it from both traditional and modern perspectives in order to highlight the physics behind it: the necessity to take into account the finite resolution of the measuring device. As a practical example, we study the application of the rule to the Zeeman effect. The analysis presented here may stress the general need to first consider the governing physical principles before heading to the mathematical formalism, in particular when exploring puzzling quantum phenomena.
description: Slightly revised version
Festina lente. Developments and Mission of a University Press in the Context of an Infrastructural Project
Creators: name: Bertino, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: university press
institutional publishing
open access
academic publishing
scholarly communications

description: This is a presentation by Andrea Bertino from Göttingen State and University Library from the AEUP 2nd Conference in Brno, Czech Republic, 13–14 June 2019 “(Re-)Shaping University Presses and Institutional Publishing”.
Additional file 7 of Identification of drought tolerant mechanisms in a drought-tolerant maize mutant based on physiological, biochemical and transcriptomic analyses
Creators: name: Zhang, Qinbin
name: Liu, Hui
name: Wu, Xiaolin
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7 : Table S7 Primers used for qRT-PCR.
Additional file 6: of Population genomics of rapid evolution in natural populations: polygenic selection in response to power station thermal effluents
Creators: name: Dayan, David
name: Du, Xiao
name: Baris, Tara
name: Wagner, Dominique
name: Crawford, Douglas
name: Oleksiak, Marjorie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S9. STRUCTURE results for after LD thinning the outlier dataset. STRUCTURE plots at best k for the most differentiated SNPs, LD thinned (r2â
Additional file 1: of High-speed scanning of planar images showing 123I-MIBG uptake using a whole-body CZT camera: a phantom and clinical study
Creators: name: Okano, Nanami
name: Iichiro Osawa
name: Tsuchihashi, Saki
name: Takahashi, Masafumi
name: Niitsu, Mamoru
name: Matsunari, Ichiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Figure S1. Details of phantom models. Figure S2. Correlation between reference HMRs and difference of HMRs (300â s â other collection time) (PDF 407 kb)
Circular strings, wormholes and minimum size
Creators: name: Garay, Luis J.
name: Gonzalez-Diaz, Pedro F.
name: Marugan, Guillermo A. Mena
name: Raya, Jose M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantization of circular strings in an anti-de Sitter background spacetime is performed, obtaining a discrete spectrum for the string mass. A comparison with a four-dimensional homogeneous and isotropic spacetime coupled to a conformal scalar field shows that the string radius and the scale factor have the same classical solutions and that the quantum theories of these two models are formally equivalent. However, the physically relevant observables of these two systems have different spectra, although they are related to each other by a specific one-to-one transformation. We finally obtain a discrete spectrum for the spacetime size of both systems, which presents a nonvanishing lower bound.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX2e, minor changes
The UA(1) problem and the role of correlated q qbar exchange in effective theories of QCD
Creators: name: Frank, M. R.
name: Meissner, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combined absence of physical realizations of the UA(1) symmetry possessed by the classical QCD action in the chiral limit, and of an isoscalar Goldstone boson associated with its spontaneous breakdown, has been dubbed the UA(1) problem. A formal resolution of this problem proposed by 't Hooft relies on instantons to provide a mass to the would-be Goldstone boson (eta '). An alternate scheme for the generation of an eta ' mass proposed by Kogut and Susskind derives from quark annihilation into gluons and a strong infrared singularity in the gluon propagator associated with confinement. We demonstrate here how such diagrams are generated in quark based effective theories by including a certain class of diagrams which arise from correlated q qbar exchange and are of higher order 1/N_c. A low energy energy expansion of this corrections is of the form discussed by Witten, di Vecchia and Veneziano.
description: Detailed analysis of multigluon annihilation diagrams and wave function renormalization added, 19 pages (REVTEX) + 5 figures (PostScript), PRC in print
Asymptotic conservation laws in field theory
Creators: name: Anderson, I. M.
name: Torre, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new, general, field theoretic approach to the derivation of asymptotic conservation laws is presented. In this approach asymptotic conservation laws are constructed directly from the field equations according to a universal prescription which does not rely upon the existence of Noether identities or any Lagrangian or Hamiltonian formalisms. The resulting general expressions of the conservation laws enjoy important invariance properties and synthesize all known asymptotic conservation laws, such as the ADM energy in general relativity.
description: 13 pages, AMS-TeX, amsppt.sty, revised to give a better exposition (we hope), and to correct some typesetting errors
Chiral imbalanced hot and dense quark matter: NJL analysis at the physical point and comparison with lattice QCD
Creators: name: Khunjua, T. G.
name: Klimenko, K. G.
name: Zhokhov, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot and dense quark matter with isospin and chiral imbalances is investigated in the framework of the (3+1)-dimensional Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model (NJL) in the large-$N_c$ limit ($N_c$ is the number of quark colors). Its phase structure is considered in terms of baryon -- $μ_B$, isospin -- $μ_I$ and chiral isospin -- $μ_{I5}$ chemical potentials. It is shown in the paper that (i) in the chiral limit there is a duality between chiral symmetry breaking (CSB) and charged pion condensation (PC) phenomena. (ii) At the physical point, i.e. at nonzero bare quark mass $m_0$, and temperature this duality relation is only approximate, although rather accurate. (iii) We have shown that the chiral isospin chemical potential $μ_{I5}$ in dense quark matter generates charged pion condensation both at zero and nonzero $m_0$, and at $μ_{I5}\ne 0$ this phase might be observed up to temperatures as high as 100 MeV. (iv) Pseudo-critical temperature of the chiral crossover transition rises in the NJL model with increasing $μ_{I5}$. (v) It has been found an agreement between particular sections of the phase diagram in the framework of NJL model and corresponding ones in lattice QCD simulations. Two different plots from different lattice simulations that are completely independent and are not connected at the first sight are in reality dual to each other, it means that lattice QCD simulations support the hypothesis that in real quark matter there exists the (approximate) duality between CSB and charged PC. Moreover, we can reverse the logic and we can predict the increase of pseudo-critical temperature with chiral chemical potential, the much debated effect recently, just by the duality notion, hence bolster confidence in this result (lattice QCD showed this feature for unphysically large pion mass) and put it on the considerably more solid ground.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, figures corrected, references added, discussions added, accepted for publication in EPJ C