cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of three-wave vortex beams in the waveguide
Creators: name: Gammal, Arnaldo
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two-dimensional (2D) localized vortical modes in the three-wave system with the quadratic ($χ^{(2)}$) nonlinearity, alias nondegenerate second-harmonic-generating system, guided by the isotropic harmonic-oscillator (HO) (alias parabolic) confining potential. In addition to the straightforward realization in optics, the system models mixed atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The main issue is stability of the vortex modes, which is investigated through computation of instability growth rates for eigenmodes of small perturbations, and by means of direct simulations. The threshold of parametric instability for single-color beams, represented solely by the second harmonic (SH) with zero vorticity, is found in an analytical form with the help of the variational approximation (VA). Trapped states with vorticities $\left( +1,-1,0\right) $ in the two fundamental-frequency (FF) components and the SH one [the so-called \textit{hidden-vorticity} (HV) modes] are completely unstable. Also unstable are \textit{semi-vortices} (SVs), with component vorticities $% \left( 1,0,1\right) $. However, full vortices, with charges $\left( 1,1,2\right) $, have a well-defined stability region. Unstable full vortices feature regions of robust dynamical behavior, where they periodically split and recombine, keeping their vortical content.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures, Journal of Optics in press
Mechanical and statistical study of the laminar hole formation in transitional plane Couette flow
Creators: name: Rolland, Joran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is concerned with the numerical study and modelling of two aspects the formation of laminar holes in transitional turbulence of plane Couette flow (PCF). On the one hand, we consider quenches: sudden decreases of the Reynolds number R which force the formation of holes. The Reynolds number is decreased from featureless turbulence to the range of existence of the oblique laminar-turbulent bands [Rg;Rt]. The successive stages of the quench are studied by means of visualisations and measurements of kinetic energy and turbulent fraction. The behaviour of the kinetic energy is explained using a kinetic energy budget: it shows that viscosity causes quasi modal decay until lift-up equals it and creates a new balance. Moreover, the budget confirms that the physical mechanisms at play are independent of the way the quench is performed. On the other hand we consider the natural formation of laminar holes in the bands, near Rg. The Direct Numerical simulations (DNS) show that holes in the turbulent bands provide a mechanism for the fragmented bands regime and orientation fluctuations near Rg. Moreover the analysis of the fluctuations of kinetic energy toward low values demonstrates that the disappearance of turbulence in the bands can be described within the framework of Large Deviations. A Large Deviation function is extracted from the Probability Density Function of the kinetic energy.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, Accepted in Eur. Phys. J. B
The rDNA is biomolecular condensate formed by polymer-polymer phase separation and is sequestered in the nucleolus by transcription and R-loops
Creators: name: Kolbin, D.
name: Stanton, J.
name: Yeh, E.
name: De Larminat, S.C.
name: Khan, M.
name: Lawrimore, C.
name: Lawrimore, J.
name: Bloom, K.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2021

description: The nucleolus is the site of ribosome biosynthesis encompassing the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus in a phase separated state within the nucleus. In budding yeast, we find the rDNA locus and Cdc14, a protein phosphatase that co-localizes with the rDNA, behave like a condensate formed by polymer-polymer phase separation, while ribonucleoproteins behave like a condensate formed by liquid-liquid phase separation. The compaction of the rDNA and Cdc14's nucleolar distribution are dependent on the concentration of DNA cross-linkers. In contrast, ribonucleoprotein nucleolar distribution is independent of the concentration of DNA cross-linkers and resembles droplets in vivo upon replacement of the endogenous rDNA locus with high-copy plasmids. When ribosomal RNA is transcribed from the plasmids by Pol II, the rDNA-binding proteins and ribonucleoprotein signals are weakly correlated, but upon repression of transcription, ribonucleoproteins form a single, stable droplet that excludes rDNA-binding proteins from its center. Degradation of RNA-DNA hybrid structures, known as R-loops, by overexpression of RNase H1 results in the physical exclusion of the rDNA locus from the nucleolar center. Thus, the rDNA locus is a polymer-polymer phase separated condensate that relies on transcription and physical contact with RNA transcripts to remain encapsulated within the nucleolus.
(500022) Hannah Minnie [Greenfield]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: The Truth Hurts
title: An Online Qualitative Study on Self-Harm on the Autism Spectrum
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Marsden, Sarah
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: Autistic people experience a higher prevalence of self-harming behaviours than the general population. Due to a combination of self-harm being a taboo subject, the isolation created by the intersection of multiple marginalised identities, and a belief held by professionals that many mental health related problems are inherently part of autism and therefore immune to treatment or help; many autistic people are left unable to access the help and support that they desperately need. This thesis uses an online qualitative methodology to explore this under-researched phenomenon, thematically analysing online forum posts from non-intellectually impaired autistic adults seeking help and support from each other; to determine what forms of self-harm are described, what precipitates the self-harm, and how forum users help each other. Qualitative methodologies are under-represented in autism research, due to the dominance of psychology and neuroscience, the historical representation of autism by third parties such as parents, carers and health care professionals, and the belief that autistic people are unable to truthfully present their own narrative. Using the neurodiversity paradigm as a fresh lens through which to view the subject of autistic self-harming behaviours, I give the adult autistic online community a voice through my insider-researcher status. I discover that self-harming behaviours are nuanced and complex, highlighting the connections between sensory overload, meltdowns, and impulsive repetitive blunt trauma seen as autistic self-injurious behaviours (SIBS); as well as the interactions between anxiety, depression and more controlled self-harming, seen as classic nonsuicidal self-injury. These two phenomena are not mutually exclusive, as they can cooccur, and one can precipitate the other. SIBs are found to be not just the domain of the intellectually impaired child, but are a taboo activity for an autistic adult without intellectual disability, creating shame and self-hatred. Other repetitive behaviours such as stimming are also revealed as socially unacceptable harmful behaviours used to reduce the build-up of sensory overload and meltdown SIBs, and I use the neurodiversity paradigm to argue why these behaviours should be left alone and accepted more by society. I discuss my findings in relation to theories such as the minority-stress framework, the double empathy theory, intersectionality, and social identity theory, to reconceptualise the issues raised as a wider societal problem, and not just a burden of autism. I conclude with suggestions for improvement, including education of professionals and the public to increase awareness and acceptance, alongside provision of tailored support including written communication options for autistic people.
(500023) Walter Churcher
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Generation of entanglement between two laser pulses through gravitational interaction
Creators: name: He, Feifan
name: Zhang, Baocheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate entanglement generation between two pulses through the gravitational interaction in the framework of linearized quantum gravity. Different from the earlier suggestions that two massive particles can be entangled through the gravitational field produced by the particles themselves, we use the massless particles (a laser pulse) to generate the gravitational field. In our proposal, the propagating retarded effect of the gravitational perturbation generated by the laser pulses can be incorporated into the interaction, which is significant for supporting the assumption of local interaction. It is found that the locally linearized quantum gravitational interaction can indeed lead to the generation of entanglement between two pulses, and the result is dependent on the propagating time of the gravitational perturbation. We also provide a measurement suggestion using a Holometer-like interferometers structure to present this result of gravitation-induced entanglement, which could show that the gravitational mediator is quantum in future experiments.
Excitonic density-waves, bi-excitons and orbital selective pairing in two-orbital correlated chains
Creators: name: Yang, Chun
name: Feiguin, Adrian E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study of a one-dimensional two-orbital model at and below quarter-filling that realizes a number of unconventional phases. In particular, we find an excitonic density wave in which excitons quasi-condense with finite center of mass momentum and an order parameter that changes phase with wave-vector $Q$. In this phase, excitons behave as hard-core bosons without charge order. In addition, excitons can pair to form bi-excitons in a state that is close to a charge density-wave instability. When pairing dominates over the inter-orbital repulsion, we encounter a regime in which one orbital is metallic, while the other forms a spin gapped superconductor, a genuine orbital selective paired state. All these results are supported by both, analytical and numerical calculations. By assuming a quasi-classical approximation, we solve the three-body hole-electron-spinon problem and show that excitons are held together by forming a bound state with spinons. In order to preserve the antiferromagnetic background, excitons acquire a dispersion that has a minimum away from $k=0$. The full characterization of the different phases is obtained by means of extensive density matrix renormalization group calculations.
description: Long overdue
ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ КОЛЛЕКТИВНОЙ ПАМЯТИ В ГЛОБАЛЬНУЮ ЭПОХУ
Creators: name: СЕДОВА Л.И.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ГЛОБАЛЬНАЯ ПАМЯТЬ
ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИЯ
КОЛЛЕКТИВНАЯ ПАМЯТЬ
НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ ПАМЯТЬ
КОСМОПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ
ВООБРАЖАЕМАЯ ИСТОРИЯ
ТЕОРИИ ПАМЯТИ
КОНСТРУИРОВАНИЕ ВОСПОМИНАНИЙ
ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИОННЫЕ РИСКИ
GLOBAL MEMORY
GLOBALIZATION
COLLECTIVE MEMORY
NATIONAL MEMORY
COSMOPOLITAN IDENTITY
IMAGINARY HISTORY
MEMORY THEORIES
MEMORY CONSTRUCTION
IDENTIFICATION RISKS

description: Статья посвящена анализу трансформационных процессов коллективной памяти во взаимосвязи с историческим развитием общества на трех этапах: досовременном, современном и глобальном. Описываются основные черты глобализации в свете их влияния на появление нового вида памяти. Проанализированы отечественные и зарубежные источники, посвященные проблематике глобальной памяти; представлены различные подходы к пониманию данного феномена. Автор подчеркивает фундаментальную роль воспоминаний о прошлом в процессах формирования и поддержания жизнедеятельности сообщества на протяжении всей человеческой истории. Выделяются особенности функционирования глобальной памяти в рамках социальной системы. В первую очередь, подчеркивается интеграционный потенциал коллективных воспоминаний, обеспечивающий международную солидарность. Во-вторых, поднимается проблема возникновения индентификационных рисков наряду с появлением общечеловеческого сознания и космополитической идентичности. В заключительной части статьи затрагивается тема «политики памяти», рассматриваются процессы использования и манипулирования структурами памяти в интересах политических акторов.This paper aims to provide an overview of the transformation of collective memory throughout the history: from pre-modern, modern, and into the global era. The article describes features of globalization and the way that these shape the emergence of global memory. The domestic and foreign theories devoted to the global memory are examined; different approaches to this phenomenon are presented. The paper underlines the importance of remembering the past in the processes of constructing and maintaining community throughout history. Various functions of the global memory in social system are distinguished. First, the integrational potential of collective remembering, that provide international solidarity is argued. Second, the problem of identification risks in connection with the appearance of the consciousness of a common humanity and cosmopolitan identity is considered. Finally, the concept of “memory policy” and some of the consequences of the political utilization and manipulation of the past are discussed.
Discussion of "On the Birnbaum Argument for the Strong Likelihood Principle"
Creators: name: Evans, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We discuss Birnbaum's result, its relevance to statistical reasoning, Mayo's objections and the result in [Electron. J. Statist. 7 (2013) 2645-2655] that the proof of this result doesn't establish what is commonly believed. [arXiv:1302.7021]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-STS471 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Shear thinning of non-Brownian suspensions and its variation at different ambient conditions
Creators: name: Lin, Yuan
name: Lin, Peiwen
name: Wang, Ying
name: Chen, Jiawang
name: He, Zhiguo
name: Pähtz, Thomas
name: Phan-Thien, Nhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Immiscible contaminants are commonly involved in naturally occurring suspensions. The resulting variations of their flow behavior has rarely been evaluated. Here, we investigate the variation of the viscosity of the oil-based two-phase suspension over a period of two years, which is exposed to the ambient air at the production stage. We find that the air's absolute humidity, which strongly varies with the seasons, causes exchanges of water droplets with the suspension, substantially altering its shear-thinning behavior. Only in winter, when the humidity is low, is the latter close to that of ideal two-phase suspensions. Our measurements suggest that, when the surface roughness of the suspended solid particles is sufficiently low, immersed droplets remain in a free state, effectively increasing repulsion between particles, weakening shear thinning. In contrast, when the roughness is sufficiently high, immersed droplets become trapped on the particle surfaces, inducing an attractive particle interaction via water bridging, enhancing shear thinning.
Statistical mechanics of chromosomes: In vivo and in silico approaches reveal high-level organization and structure arise exclusively through mechanical feedback between loop extruders and chromatin substrate properties
Creators: name: Bloom, K.
name: Van Gorder, E.E.
name: Adalsteinsson, D.
name: Lawrimore, J.
name: Cook, D.
name: Forest, M.G.
name: De Larimat, S.C.
name: He, Y.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2020

description: The revolution in understanding higher order chromosome dynamics and organization derives from treating the chromosome as a chain polymer and adapting appropriate polymer-based physical principles. Using basic principles, such as entropic fluctuations and timescales of relaxation of Rouse polymer chains, one can recapitulate the dominant features of chromatin motion observed in vivo. An emerging challenge is to relate the mechanical properties of chromatin to more nuanced organizational principles such as ubiquitous DNA loops. Toward this goal, we introduce a real-time numerical simulation model of a long chain polymer in the presence of histones and condensin, encoding physical principles of chromosome dynamics with coupled histone and condensin sources of transient loop generation. An exact experimental correlate of the model was obtained through analysis of a model-matching fluorescently labeled circular chromosome in live yeast cells. We show that experimentally observed chromosome compaction and variance in compaction are reproduced only with tandem interactions between histone and condensin, not from either individually. The hierarchical loop structures that emerge upon incorporation of histone and condensin activities significantly impact the dynamic and structural properties of chromatin. Moreover, simulations reveal that tandem condensin-histone activity is responsible for higher order chromosomal structures, including recently observed Z-loops.
Investigating the use of multimodal screencasts to teach disciplinary concepts in higher education.
Creators: name: McDermott-Dalton, Geraldine
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: This research study explores the use of multimodal lecture screencasts to teach disciplinary concepts in an Irish higher education (HE) context. It builds on an Inquiry Graphics (IG) framework, extending it into a multimodal inquiry framework (MMI) to examine screencasts crafted by lecturers to teach key concepts within their discipline. Multimodality is a widely recognised and applied approach that observes communication as including language but also encompassing other modes of communication, such as sound, image, touch, gesture, feeling, etc. However, studies that provide an in-depth examination of multimodality in teaching and learning in higher education are still scarce. The proposed MMI framework provides a lens to explore graphic-pictorial, linguistic, aural, and spatial- design modes and analyse the semiotic organisation of lecturers’ screencasts, to understand how multimodality relates to teaching and reveals lecturers’ semiotic choices. Qualitative IG elicitation interviews were conducted with 16 HE lecturers from a range of disciplines, where the IG framework provided an analytical opportunity to co-examine the underlying assumptions about how content is presented multimodally. An awareness of the semiotic dimensions of each mode was uncovered, along with structures within the lecturers’ sociocultural context which influenced their decision-making. The use of the MMI framework revealed the semiotic purpose of the graphic-pictorial elements primarily as unprobed representations of the chosen concept. Linguistic choices helped explain the concept within the discipline, while prosodic features of the voice, along with music, were often used intentionally by the lecturer to highlight the relative importance of the elements on screen. The enactment of software features in the screencast design indicated lecturers’ embodied cognition through multimedia, along with digital fluency. The MMI framework may be a helpful teaching tool to support HE lecturers in video and multimedia analysis to unpack the plurality of conceptual representations within multimodal digital artefacts.
(500020) Lizzie Greenfield
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
РОЛЬ КАЗАЧЕСТВА В МЕХАНИЗМЕ РОССИЙСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВА
Creators: name: СИРЧЕНКО А.В.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: КАЗАЧЕСТВО
КАЗАЧЬЕ ОБЩЕСТВО
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ВЛАСТЬ
ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕФОРМЫ
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ
COSSACKS
COSSACK SOCIETY
STATE POWER
POLITICAL REFORMS
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

description: В статье рассматривается отечественный феномен, который получил название «казачество». Обращается внимание на уникальность подобного явления на примере европейских стран и военно-монашеских орденов. Проводится исторический анализ изменений в жизни казачьего общества и его роли в становлении российской государственности. Отмечается двойственность отношения власти к жизни казачества, что отчетливо прослеживается в событиях XX века.The article considers the domestic phenomenon, which was called «Cossacks». Attention is drawn to the uniqueness of such a phenomenon on the example of European countries and military monastic orders. A historical analysis of changes in the life of the Cossack society and its role in the formation of Russian statehood is carried out. The duality of the attitude of power to the life of the Cossacks is noted, which is clearly seen in the events of the XX century.
К ВОПРОСУ О СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ
Creators: name: СТАРУШКА А.С.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ЗАЩИТА
СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА
КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ
БЛАГОСОСТОЯНИЕ ГРАЖДАН
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЕ
ОРГАНЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ВЛАСТИ
КОРОНАВИРУС
SOCIAL PROTECTION
SOCIAL POLICY
QUALITY OF LIFE
WELFARE OF CITIZENS
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
PUBLIC AUTHORITIES
CORONAVIRUS

description: В статье рассматривается понятие социальной поддержки населения и приводятся ее ключевые особенности. Обращается внимание на актуальные направления развития социальной политики в РФ и Краснодарском крае, к которым органы государственной власти должны стремиться. Перечисляются предложенные Президентом меры по обеспечению социальной защиты граждан в условиях развития коронавируса в РФ.The article considers the concept of social support of the population and provides its key features. Attention is drawn to the current trends in the development of social policy in the Russian Federation and the Krasnodar territory, to which state authorities should strive. The measures proposed by the President to ensure social protection of citizens in the context of the development of coronavirus in the Russian Federation are listed.
AI-Assisted Forward Modeling of Biological Structures
Creators: name: Doshi, A.
name: Lawrimore, J.
name: Walker, B.
name: Bloom, K.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2019

description: The rise of machine learning and deep learning technologies have allowed researchers to automate image classification. We describe a method that incorporates automated image classification and principal component analysis to evaluate computational models of biological structures. We use a computational model of the kinetochore to demonstrate our artificial-intelligence (AI)-assisted modeling method. The kinetochore is a large protein complex that connects chromosomes to the mitotic spindle to facilitate proper cell division. The kinetochore can be divided into two regions: the inner kinetochore, including proteins that interact with DNA; and the outer kinetochore, comprised of microtubule-binding proteins. These two kinetochore regions have been shown to have different distributions during metaphase in live budding yeast and therefore act as a test case for our forward modeling technique. We find that a simple convolutional neural net (CNN) can correctly classify fluorescent images of inner and outer kinetochore proteins and show a CNN trained on simulated, fluorescent images can detect difference in experimental images. A polymer model of the ribosomal DNA locus serves as a second test for the method. The nucleolus surrounds the ribosomal DNA locus and appears amorphous in live-cell, fluorescent microscopy experiments in budding yeast, making detection of morphological changes challenging. We show a simple CNN can detect subtle differences in simulated images of the ribosomal DNA locus, demonstrating our CNN-based classification technique can be used on a variety of biological structures.
Symmetry breaking for semiconductor excitons induced by Coulomb coupling between heavy and light holes
Creators: name: Shiau, Shiue-Yuan
name: Eble, Benoit
name: Combescot, Monique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor excitons are commonly seen as hydrogen atom. This analogy requires a unique hole mass. In reality, this is not so due to the complexity of the semiconductor band structure. The precise consequences on the exciton physics of the Coulomb coupling between heavy and light holes remain a tricky open problem. Through an ``optimized perturbative'' approach that uses excitons with a flexible hole mass as a basis, we show that for zero exciton wave vector, the heavy-light hole mass difference does not split the $(2\times4)$ exciton degeneracy in zinc-blende-like semiconductors, the hole mass for binding energy being close to the average mass inverse. By contrast, for nonzero exciton wave vector, that physically breaks the crystal symmetry, the exciton degeneracy splits into two branches quantized along the exciton wave vector, with nontrivial center-of-mass dependence not only on the heavy and light hole masses, but also on the electron mass.
description: 6 pages,1 fig, 1 table
ОБЗОР МЕТОДОВ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПАРОГАЗОВЫХ УСТАНОВОК УТИЛИЗАЦИОННОГО ТИПА С ДВУМЯ УРОВНЯМИ ДАВЛЕНИЯ ПУТЕМ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ КОНТУРА ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНОГО ПЕРЕГРЕВА
Creators: name: АНДРЕЕВ К.Д.
name: РОЖКО Р.Р.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПРОМЕЖУТОЧНЫЙ ПЕРЕГРЕВ
ГАЗОВАЯ ТУРБИНА
КОТЕЛ-УТИЛИЗАТОР
ПАРОГАЗОВАЯ УСТАНОВКА
INTERMEDIATE OVERHEATING
GAS TURBINE
RECOVERY BOILER
STEAM-GAS PLANT

description: Развитие национальной энергетики в России предполагает перспективы разработки и введения в использование парогазовых установок утилизационного типа, которые применяются на тепловых электрических станциях. Основная цель модернизирования парогазовых установок с котлом-утилизатором заключается в увеличении показателя коэффициента полезного действия, относящегося к паровым турбинам, который изначально составляет 34-37%, по причине отсутствия регенерационной системы и невысоких первоначальных параметров водяного пара. Промежуточный перегрев водяного пара, не полностью отработавшего в текучей части турбины, способствует увеличению показателя тепловой экономичности ПГУ. Повышение значения коэффициента полезного действия газотурбинной установки, составляющего на начальном этапе 38-40%, является второй по значимости задачей, требующей решения. Низким показателям КПД способствует повышенные затраты энергии, уходящие на работу привода турбокомпрессора. В результате проведенных исследований, мы можем утверждать, что применение технологии промежуточного перегрева пара, не полностью отработавшего в паровой турбине парогазовой установки, является альтернативным способом повышения эффективности работы ТЭС.Development of national energy in Russia implies prospects of development and introduction into use of steam-gas plants of recycling type, which are used at thermal electric stations. The main objective of the modernization of steam-gas plants with a recovery boiler is to increase the efficiency of steam turbines, which is initially 34-37%, due to the absence of a regeneration system and low initial steam parameters. Intermediate overheating of water vapour not completely exhausted in the fluid part of the turbine increases the thermal efficiency of the SGP. Increasing the efficiency of the gas turbine plant at the initial stage of the 38 40% is the second most important task to be solved. Low efficiency indicators are facilitated by increased energy consumption, which is used for operation of turbocompressor drive. As a result of the studies carried out, we can argue that the use of the technology of intermediate steam overheating, which has not fully worked out in the steam turbine of the steam-gas plant, is an alternative way to increase the efficiency of the power plant.
title:  Composite Procedures and Procedural Guarantees: the “Borelli Doctrine” in the Light of ReNEUAL Model Rules
Creators: name: Aperio Bella  ,  Flaminia
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2020

description: In the last three dacades composite procedures become more and more significant in the EU law, attesting the overcoming of the traditional dichotomy between direct and indirect administration. Among European Court of Justice case law, the Oleificio Borelli case represents a paradigmatic example of the lack of protection that may occur during composite procedures, undermining the protection of individuals and, as a result, the principles on which EU administrative action is based. After an introduction on composite administrative procedure, sketching the main features of the European Agricultural Guidance and Guarantee Fund (EAGGF) in the context of which the Borelli case arose, this paper aims to re-read the leading case in the light of the draft of codification on administrative procedure presented by the Working Team ReNEUAL  (Model Rules) in order to verify if, applying the Model Rules, the lack of procedural guarantees which emerged in that case can be dealt with. It will be argued that the insufficiencies that the Borelli case has shown can be addressed by shifting focus from the national court procedure to the lack of procedural safeguards at the confluence of national and EU law.

Nelle ultime tre dacadi le procedure composite diventano sempre più significative nel diritto dell'UE, attestando il superamento della dicotomia tradizionale tra amministrazione diretta e indiretta. Tra la giurisprudenza della Corte di giustizia europea, la causa Oleificio Borelli rappresenta un esempio paradigmatico della mancanza di protezione che può verificarsi durante le procedure composite, minando la protezione delle persone e, di conseguenza, i principi su cui si basa l'azione amministrativa dell'UE. Dopo un'introduzione su una procedura amministrativa composita, che delinea le principali caratteristiche del Fondo europeo agricolo di orientamento e di garanzia (FEAOG) nel contesto del quale è stato sollevato il caso Borelli, questo documento mira a rileggere il caso principale alla luce del progetto di codificazione della procedura amministrativa presentata dal gruppo di lavoro ReNEUAL (Regole del modello) al fine di verificare se, applicando le Regole del modello, la mancanza di garanzie procedurali emerse in quel caso possa essere affrontata. Si discuterà che le insufficienze che il caso Borelli ha dimostrato possono essere affrontate spostando l'attenzione dalla procedura giudiziaria nazionale alla mancanza di garanzie procedurali alla confluenza del diritto nazionale e dell'UE.
description: Roma Tre Law Review – 01/2020
Mott-Insulator Ca2RuO4 under a static external electric field
Creators: name: Cuono, Giuseppe
name: Autieri, Carmine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of the Mott-insulator Ca2RuO4 under the application of a static external electric field in two regimes: bulk systems at small fields and thin films at large electric fields. Ca2RuO4 presents an S- and L-Pbca phase with short and long c lattice constants and with large and small band gaps, respectively. Using density functional perturbation theory, we have calculated the Born effective charges as response functions. Once we break the inversion symmetry by off-centering the Ru atoms, we calculate the piezoelectric properties of the system that suggest an elongation of the system under an electric field. Finally, we investigated a four unit cells slab at larger electric fields and we found insulator-metal transitions induced by the electric field. By looking at the local density of states, we have found that the gap gets closed on surface layers while the rest of the sample is insulating. Correlated to the electric-filed-driven gap closure, there is an increase in the lattice constant c. Regarding the magnetic properties, we have identified two phase transitions in the magnetic moments with one surface that gets completely demagnetized at the largest field investigated. In all cases, the static electric field increases the lattice constant c and reduces the band gap of Ca2RuO4 playing a role in the competition between the L-phase and the S-phase.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Implementation of Unobtrusive sensing systems to support Informal caregivers in Elderly care
Creators: name: Sharma, Nikita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Unobtrusive sensing, Informal caregivers, Persuasive Technology

description: Abstract: There is an increasing worldwide demand for technology-driven assistive systems to support informal caregivers. In response, the present work explores, evaluates, and implements unobtrusive sensing technology for monitoring real-time elderly behavior. It conducts a state-of-the-art review to explore the advantages and disadvantages of pre-existing unobtrusive sensor systems (USSs) for monitoring human activity and behavior. Next, it develops and evaluates an unobtrusive multi-sensing system for tracing and tracking elderly behavior. Finally, it prototypes a persuasive communication/coaching platform, which will act as a channel between USSs and caregivers.
Transient crosslinking kinetics optimize gene cluster interactions
Creators: name: Walker, B.
name: Hult, C.
name: Gregory Forest, M.
name: Bloom, K.
name: Lawrimore, J.
name: Taylor, D.
name: Adalsteinsson, D.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2019

description: Our understanding of how chromosomes structurally organize and dynamically interact has been revolutionized through the lens of long-chain polymer physics. Major protein contributors to chromosome structure and dynamics are condensin and cohesin that stochastically generate loops within and between chains, and entrap proximal strands of sister chromatids. In this paper, we explore the ability of transient, protein-mediated, gene-gene crosslinks to induce clusters of genes, thereby dynamic architecture, within the highly repeated ribosomal DNA that comprises the nucleolus of budding yeast. We implement three approaches: live cell microscopy; computational modeling of the full genome during G1 in budding yeast, exploring four decades of timescales for transient crosslinks between 5kbp domains (genes) in the nucleolus on Chromosome XII; and, temporal network models with automated community (cluster) detection algorithms applied to the full range of 4D modeling datasets. The data analysis tools detect and track gene clusters, their size, number, persistence time, and their plasticity (deformation). Of biological significance, our analysis reveals an optimal mean crosslink lifetime that promotes pairwise and cluster gene interactions through “flexible” clustering. In this state, large gene clusters self-assemble yet frequently interact (merge and separate), marked by gene exchanges between clusters, which in turn maximizes global gene interactions in the nucleolus. This regime stands between two limiting cases each with far less global gene interactions: with shorter crosslink lifetimes, “rigid” clustering emerges with clusters that interact infrequently; with longer crosslink lifetimes, there is a dissolution of clusters. These observations are compared with imaging experiments on a normal yeast strain and two condensin-modified mutant cell strains. We apply the same image analysis pipeline to the experimental and simulated datasets, providing support for the modeling predictions.
(500014) Henry J. T. Gaiger
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Common features of the pericentromere and nucleolus
Creators: name: Lawrimore, J.
name: Bloom, K.
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2019

description: Both the pericentromere and the nucleolus have unique characteristics that distinguish them amongst the rest of genome. Looping of pericentromeric DNA, due to structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) proteins condensin and cohesin, drives its ability to maintain tension during metaphase. Similar loops are formed via condensin and cohesin in nucleolar ribosomal DNA (rDNA). Condensin and cohesin are also concentrated in transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, genes which may be located within the pericentromere as well as tethered to the nucleolus. Replication fork stalling, as well as downstream consequences such as genomic recombination, are characteristic of both the pericentromere and rDNA. Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that the pericentromere may function as a liquid–liquid phase separated domain, similar to the nucleolus. We therefore propose that the pericentromere and nucleolus, in part due to their enrichment of SMC proteins and others, contain similar domains that drive important cellular activities such as segregation, stability, and repair.
The regulation of chromosome segregation via centromere loops
Creators: name: Lawrimore, J.
name: Bloom, K.
Publisher: name: Taylor and Francis Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Biophysical studies of the yeast centromere have shown that the organization of the centromeric chromatin plays a crucial role in maintaining proper tension between sister kinetochores during mitosis. While centromeric chromatin has traditionally been considered a simple spring, recent work reveals the centromere as a multifaceted, tunable shock absorber. Centromeres can differ from other regions of the genome in their heterochromatin state, supercoiling state, and enrichment of structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes. Each of these differences can be utilized to alter the effective stiffness of centromeric chromatin. In budding yeast, the SMC protein complexes condensin and cohesin stiffen chromatin by forming and cross-linking chromatin loops, respectively, into a fibrous structure resembling a bottlebrush. The high density of the loops compacts chromatin while spatially isolating the tension from spindle pulling forces to a subset of the chromatin. Paradoxically, the molecular crowding of chromatin via cohesin and condensin also causes an outward/poleward force. The structure allows the centromere to act as a shock absorber that buffers the variable forces generated by dynamic spindle microtubules. Based on the distribution of SMCs from bacteria to human and the conserved distance between sister kinetochores in a wide variety of organisms (0.4 to 1 micron), we propose that the bottlebrush mechanism is the foundational principle for centromere function in eukaryotes.
Package-X: A Mathematica package for the analytic calculation of one-loop integrals
Creators: name: Patel, Hiren H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Package-X, a Mathematica package for the analytic computation of one-loop integrals dimensionally regulated near 4 spacetime dimensions is described. Package-X computes arbitrarily high rank tensor integrals with up to three propagators, and gives compact expressions of UV divergent, IR divergent, and finite parts for any kinematic configuration involving real-valued external invariants and internal masses. Output expressions can be readily evaluated numerically and manipulated symbolically with built-in Mathematica functions. Emphasis is on evaluation speed, on readability of results, and especially on user-friendliness. Also included is a routine to compute traces of products of Dirac matrices, and a collection of projectors to facilitate the computation of fermion form factors at one-loop. The package is intended to be used both as a research tool and as an educational tool.
description: Package files are available at http://packagex.hepforge.org
ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ ДАННЫХ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫХ СИСТЕМ ДЛЯ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КОМПЛЕКТУЮЩИХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ
Creators: name: ДАНИЛОВА В.В.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ИНТЕГРАЦИЯ ДАННЫХ
МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ
КОМПЛЕКТУЮЩИЕ ИЗДЕЛИЯ
ИНФОРМАЦИОННАЯ СИСТЕМА
ПРОЦЕСС ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
DATA INTEGRATION
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
COMPONENTS
INFORMATION SYSTEM
MANUFACTURING PROCESS

description: В данной статье рассматривается проблема интеграции данных для формирования комплектующих изделий. Перечислены способы решения данной проблемы и приведен пример системы, которая имеет возможность интегрировать такие данные. Также предложено собственное решение разработка информационной системы, которая выполняет все поставленные задачи. Для оценки выбранного решения построена динамическая модель. В качестве примера представлены скриншоты проектируемой ИСThis article discusses the problem of integrating data to form components. A solution to this problem is listed and an example of a system that can integrate such data is provided. We also propose our own solution the development of an information system that performs all the tasks set. A dynamic model is built to evaluate the selected solution. As an example, screenshots of the designed information system are presented.
title: Fuelling Urbanisation: A study of woodland composition in relation to the rise of complex urban centres in Late Neolithic north-central China
Creators: name: Demicoli, Marvin
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2525

description: This thesis presents the analysis conducted on anthracological (wood charcoal) assemblages from archaeological sites to identify the arboreal vegetation and the impact humans had on it during the Late Neolithic Longshan culture period of north-central China (3000 - 1800 BCE). The studied sites come from three regions in north-central China: Bicun and survey sites in the Jinxi-Yufenhe region of North Shanxi province, Zhoujiazhuang in South Shanxi province, and Pingliangtai and Haojiatai in central-east Henan province. In all these regions, the Late Longshan Neolithic is characterised by a drastic population and site density increase and by the emergence of the first large urban centres dominating a multi-tiered settlement hierarchy. The specific aims of this research are: (a) to identify the wood taxa present on the studied sites; (b) to evaluate their representation of the surrounding woodland vegetation structure and woodland vegetation ecologies; (c) to identify any spatial or temporal differences within the taxonomic representation; (d) to explore the causes of any such differences, whether anthropic or natural; (e) to explore whether any woodland management or fuel selection practices can be identified; and (f) to explore the suitability and potential of anthracological analysis in China. This study starts by summarising published works on the archaeology of north-central China, the modern and past arboreal vegetation of China, and its climate. The results of published anthracological studies conducted in China are synthesised and reviewed in light of advances in international anthracological theory and methods. To identify Chinese wood charcoal, published microscopic anatomy descriptions of Chinese wood are collated into a searchable database and dichotomous key, which was used to identify the anthracological assemblages. Analytical methodologies applied include standard taxon frequency and ubiquity analyses. At Bicun and Zhoujiazhuang, a quantitative analysis of dendroanthracological features was also conducted, while density assessment and correspondence analysis could be conducted at Bicun. The results at the site and phase level are explored in relation to previously published sites in the study regions. This thesis demonstrates that the arboreal vegetation in the Late Neolithic was indicative of a relatively wetter and warmer climate in all studied regions. However, some observed patterns in arboreal vegetation composition cannot be attributed solely to climate change; the ecological footprint of anthropic influence stemming from urbanisation was also being felt. This research highlights the unique potential of anthracology to provide novel insights into the palaeoecology and palaeoeconomies of China.