cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of The Toxicity and Teratogenicity of Hexabrominated Naphthalenes in C57B1/6N Mice
Creators: name: Miller, Christopher P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: Brominated naphthalenes have been identified as toxic contaminants of the polybrominated biphenyl mixture Firemaster, which was found to be responsible for the 1973 Michigan livestock feed contamination incident. Extensive adult and embryo/fetal toxicity was associated with consumption of the contaminated feed. In order to characterize the embryotoxic and teratogenic properties of hexabrominated naphthalenes (HBNs), the most prevalent of the brominated naphthalenes in Firemaster, pregnant C57B1/6N mice were treated on gestation days 6-15 with 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mg HBN/kg body weight/day (p.o.) and sacrificed on gestation day 18. Maternal and fetal toxicity were characterized and a complete teratological evaluation was performed. Dose-related effects on maternal body and thymus weight, and liver to body weight ratios were seen. Dose-related increases were observed for fetal subcutaneous edema, involution of lymphatic organs, delayed cranial ossification and fetal mortality. A steep dose response curve was shown for cleft palate, with 4.8% and 98.6% of the fetuses per litter affected at 1.0 and 2.5 mg/kg, respectively. Kidney lesions, best described as apparent hydronephrosis, were an even more sensitive indicator of fetal toxicity with 100% of the fetuses having bilateral dilated renal pelves at 1.0 mg/kg and 90% having at least a unilateral dilated renal pelvis at 0.5 mg/kg. A pilot teratology study conducted by dosing animals between gestation days 10-13 with 0, 10, 100 or 1000 mg HBN/kg body weight/day revealed that 100% of the fetuses had cleft palate at each of the HBN treatment levels. Results of single and multiple (10 day) dosing toxicity studies with adult, female C5 7B1/6N mice suggest that HBN is much more toxic when administered in multiple smaller doses than as a single large dose. Singly-dosed animals exposed at levels as high as 1000 mg/kg failed to show signs of toxic stress during the course of a 35-day follow-up, while animals that received multiple smaller doses of as low as 5.0 mg/kg/day exhibited overt signs of toxicity (wasting, lethargy and bleeding) at 7 days of dosing. Dose-related hepatic and thymic effects were also seen in multiply-dosed but not singly-dosed animals. Thus, HBN is a potent toxic, teratogenic and fetotoxic agent that produces a spectrum of teratogenic and toxic lesions that is similar to TCDD and other structurally-related halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons.
Evaluating the implementation of IBA interventions with students in a university setting
Creators: name: Howard, Ashley Robert
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 2023

description: This programme of research reports a series of studies aimed at examining Identification and Brief Advice (IBA) interventions in university settings, among those delivering and receiving interventions. Three studies utilising both quantitative and qualitative methods investigated a) the motivations for alcohol use amongst students in two university settings, b) the views, opinions and reflections of interventionists and recipients of IBA, and c) the feasibility of implementing an IBA intervention and its effect on alcohol consumption amongst pre-partiers and drinking gamers. The first study used quantitative e-questionnaires to examine alcohol motivations using a cross-sectional design. The main findings demonstrated that motivations for pre-partying and drinking games differed from general drinking motivations, with pre-partiers and drinking gamers reporting increased AUDIT-C measures. Using a series of focus groups comprised of students, recipients of IBA and IBA interventionists, the second study provided a qualitative exploration of views, opinions, and reflections on IBA interventions. Recipients of IBA interventions reported more problematic usage compared to students and IBA interventionists. Thematic analysis highlighted two common themes across all focus groups. The first theme, Intervention Approach / Reflection, included evaluations on how interventions were constructed, developed, and implemented. The second theme, Social Convention of drinking included reflections on how alcohol experiences differ in social settings and the need to tailor interventions to groups specifically with the use of opportunistic methods. The third study was a feasibility study implementing an IBA intervention with students. Findings demonstrated that IBA interventions were associated with lower AUDIT-C scores at a 2-month follow up. Overall, the original contributions from this programme of research have been the sequence of research studies that have identified, evaluated, and feasibly implemented IBA initiatives. The evidence provided by the research has illustrated the need for intervention with pre-partiers and drinking gamers given the differing motivations and increased AUDIT-C measures. The research conducted in this thesis contributes to the alcohol motivations and IBA intervention implementation literature.
Skew-Flavored Dark Matter
Creators: name: Agrawal, Prateek
name: Chacko, Zackaria
name: Fortes, Elaine C. F. S.
name: Kilic, Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a novel flavor structure in the interactions of dark matter with the Standard Model. We consider theories in which both the dark matter candidate, and the particles that mediate its interactions with the Standard Model fields, carry flavor quantum numbers. The interactions are skewed in flavor space, so that a dark matter particle does not directly couple to the Standard Model matter fields of the same flavor, but only to the other two flavors. This framework respects Minimal Flavor Violation, and is therefore naturally consistent with flavor constraints. We study the phenomenology of a benchmark model in which dark matter couples to right-handed charged leptons. In large regions of parameter space the dark matter can emerge as a thermal relic, while remaining consistent with the constraints from direct and indirect detection. The collider signatures of this scenario include events with multiple leptons and missing energy. These events exhibit a characteristic flavor pattern that may allow this class of models to be distinguished from other theories of dark matter.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. v2: Discussion of collider signatures expanded, added new section on alternative flavor structures, other minor changes. Matches published version
A Method for Studying Heterogeneous Photochemical Reactions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Atmospheric Combustion Aerosols
Creators: name: Hayes, Elizabeth Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: Combustion aerosols are an important source of toxic atmospheric compounds, a major class of which is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Photodegradation is an important atmospheric loss mechanism for PAHs. Combustion aerosols consist of an elemental carbon core and an organic layer. Several recent studies show that aerosol surface characteristics influence PAH photodegradation rates. Recent research indicates that organic layer constituents also strongly influence PAH photodegradation in organic liquids. These results prompted an investigation of the relative importance of aerosol surface characteristics versus composition of the organic layer. Organic compounds found on combustion aerosols were incorporated on carbon black particles to simulate a heterogeneous aerosol environment. Organic compounds identified in diesel soot, and wood soot combustion aerosols were investigated to determine their influence on PAH reactivity. Solutions containing dissolved PAHs, and the organic compounds were syringe spiked on to a carbon black surface. A liquid dispersion technique for obtaining thin, even coatings of the organic particulate matrix on Teflon filters was used to facilitate UV light exposure to the synthesized particle matrices. The filter supported aerosol matrices were exposed to UV light in a photochemical turntable reactor. The photodegradation rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is significantly enhanced when isoeugenol, a compound found on wood combustion aerosols, is present with the PAH in the organic layer on elemental carbon particles. These results indicate that constituents which coexist with PAH in the organic layer around the elemental core influence the reactivity of PAHs on combustion aerosols. Further evaluation of specific chemical and physical properties of the organic layer and the elemental surface using the developed technique will lead to better characterization of PAH reactivity on combustion aerosol surfaces. Organic compounds found on combustion particles are a major source of atmospheric pollutants which adversely affect human health. This investigation of physical and chemical factors influencing reactivity contributes to the knowledge about the stability, transport, and bioavailability of toxic compounds on combustion particles in the atmosphere.
title: Intra-abdominal sarcoidosis: radiologic manifestations
Creators: name: Secil, Mustafa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Intra-abdominal involvement of sarcoidosis can be found in the absence of pulmonary or lymphatic disease (1). Liver (50-80%), spleen (40-80%), lymph nodes (30%) and kidney are more commonly involved, sometimes without symptoms. The lesions are less...
Additional file 1 of Intra- and interspecific variation of Amblyomma ticks from southern Africa
Creators: name: Smit, Andeliza
name: Mulandane, Fernando
name: Labuschagne, Martinet
name: Wójick, Stephané Heike
name: Malabwa, Choolwe
name: Sili, Gourgelia
name: Mandara, Stephen
name: Dlamkile, Zinathi
name: Ackermann, Rebecca
name: Rose Vineer, Hannah
name: Stoltsz, Wilhelm Heinrich
name: Huber, Karine
name: Horak, Ivan Gerard
name: Morar-Leather, Darshana
name: Makepeace, Benjamin Lawrence
name: Neves, Luis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Text S1. Collection countries with the provinces, main locations, number of ticks collected, and the GPS co-ordinates for this stud.
title: Assessment of image quality and low-contrast detectability in abdominal CT of obese patients: comparison of an integrated circuit with a conventional detector at different tube voltages
Creators: name: Euler, Andre
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction In the last two decades the prevalence of obesity increased throughout most industrialized countries [1]. Obesity is a major risk factor for life-threatening diseases associated with the metabolic syndrome such as stroke and myocardial...
title: Evaluation of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) technique regarding radiation dose reduction and diagnostic accuracy in pediatric abdominal CT
Creators: name: Bae, Sohi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Outcomes
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Comparative studies
subject: PACS
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Paediatric
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The use of computed tomography (CT) has dramatically increased in pediatrics, who are more radiosensitive and have a longer time to develop radiation sequelae [1]. Adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR, GE healthcare) is a new...
title: Off-center effect of a new organ-based tube-current modulation on the image quality and dose reduction to the eye lens
Creators: name: Kudomi, Shohei
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Physics
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Recent technological development, especially with the recent innovations in multislice CT has led to an increase in the number of indications for CT. In parallel to this development, radiation dosage from CT exams has increased and has been reported...
Generalized transition fronts for one-dimensional almost periodic Fisher-KPP equations
Creators: name: Nadin, Grégoire
name: Rossi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper investigates the existence of generalized transition fronts for Fisher-KPP equations in one-dimensional, almost periodic media. Assuming that the linearized elliptic operator near the unstable steady state admits an almost periodic eigenfunction, we show that such fronts exist if and only if their average speed is above an explicit threshold. This hypothesis is satisfied in particular when the reaction term does not depend on x or (in some cases) is small enough. Moreover, except for the threshold case, the fronts we construct and their speeds are almost periodic, in a sense. When our hypothesis is no longer satisfied, such generalized transition fronts still exist for an interval of average speeds, with explicit bounds. Our proof relies on the construction of sub and super solutions based on an accurate analysis of the properties of the generalized principal eigenvalues.
An Integrated System for Energy Production and Nitrogen Removal from Swine Waste: A Case Study of Butler Farms
Creators: name: Bunk, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The waste from North Carolina's large swine population has led to the degradation of the State's air and water quality, and to adverse effects on human health. The current waste treatment technology, open lagoons with land application, has been banned on new farms in NC since 1997. Ammonia volatilization from these lagoons and during land application, as well as runoff from land application, have overwhelmed the State's eastern region with nitrogen emissions. The State has sought to provide incentives for the development and construction of environmentally superior technologies (ESTs), especially those that generate electricity from the swine waste. We operated a pilot-scale waste treatment system to couple biological nitrogen removal (by nitrification/denitrification) with an existing full-scale anaerobic digestion system to capture methane and produce energy at Butler Farms (Lillington, NC). The nitrogen removal system was able to achieve up to 95% removal of NH4^-N and 50% removal of total N from the waste after anaerobic digestion. However, the system did not meet the total nitrogen performance standard of 75% N removal for an EST. Complete denitrification was limited by the availability of biodegradable organic matter in the effluent from the anaerobic digester. We also investigated the potential cost and benefits of coupling nitrogen removal with energy production from swine waste. At full scale, the system would consist of covered anaerobic digesters, a generator, an aerobic nitrification reactor, a denitrification reactor, and a storage basin for the final effluent. At Butler Farms the two existing covered lagoons can be retrofitted to accommodate the proposed integrated system, with a 10-year annualized cost of $148/1000lb steady-state live weight(SSLW). Annual benefits from energy production, greenhouse gas credits, renewable energy certificates, and nitrogen credits were also estimated. Including these benefits, the cost of the system would be reduced to $110/1000lb SSLW, comparable to the net costs of other potential ESTs.
title: Response of electric portal imaging device to energy spectrum of therapeutic photons
Creators: name: Takei, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Image guided radiotherapy
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Physics
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Radiation physics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The electric portal imaging device (EPID) is now being used for in vivo dosimetry. The fluence of photons that penetrate the human body is calculated from the pixel value of the EPID image. The pixel value is converted from the absorbed dose in a...
Cosmic Dawn (CoDa): the First Radiation-Hydrodynamics Simulation of Reionization and Galaxy Formation in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Ocvirk, Pierre
name: Gillet, Nicolas
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
name: Aubert, Dominique
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Teyssier, Romain
name: Yepes, Gustavo
name: Choi, Jun-Hwan
name: Sullivan, David
name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Gottloeber, Stefan
name: D'Aloisio, Anson
name: Park, Hyunbae
name: Hoffman, Yehuda
name: Stranex, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic reionization by starlight from early galaxies affected their evolution, thereby impacting reionization, itself. Star formation suppression, for example, may explain the observed underabundance of Local Group dwarfs relative to N-body predictions for Cold Dark Matter. Reionization modelling requires simulating volumes large enough [~(100Mpc)^3] to sample reionization "patchiness", while resolving millions of galaxy sources above ~10^8 Msun , combining gravitational and gas dynamics with radiative transfer. Modelling the Local Group requires initial cosmological density fluctuations pre-selected to form the well-known structures of the local universe today. Cosmic Dawn ("CoDa") is the first such fully-coupled, radiation-hydrodynamics simulation of reionization of the local universe. Our new hybrid CPU-GPU code, RAMSES-CUDATON, performs hundreds of radiative transfer and ionization rate-solver timesteps on the GPUs for each hydro-gravity timestep on the CPUs. CoDa simulated (91Mpc)^3 with 4096^3 particles and cells, to redshift 4.23, on ORNL supercomputer Titan, utilizing 8192 cores and 8192 GPUs. Global reionization ended slightly later than observed. However, a simple temporal rescaling which brings the evolution of ionized fraction into agreement with observations also reconciles ionizing flux density, cosmic star formation history, CMB electron scattering optical depth and galaxy UV luminosity function with their observed values. Photoionization heating suppressed the star formation of haloes below ~2 x 10^9 Msun , decreasing the abun- dance of faint galaxies around MAB_1600 = [-10,-12]. For most of reionization, star formation was dominated by haloes between 10^10 - 10^11 Msun , so low-mass halo suppression was not reflected by a distinct feature in the global star formation history. (Abridged)
description: 26 pages, 16 figures, accepted in MNRAS
A strong loophole-free test of local realism
Creators: name: Shalm, Lynden K.
name: Meyer-Scott, Evan
name: Christensen, Bradley G.
name: Bierhorst, Peter
name: Wayne, Michael A.
name: Stevens, Martin J.
name: Gerrits, Thomas
name: Glancy, Scott
name: Hamel, Deny R.
name: Allman, Michael S.
name: Coakley, Kevin J.
name: Dyer, Shellee D.
name: Hodge, Carson
name: Lita, Adriana E.
name: Verma, Varun B.
name: Lambrocco, Camilla
name: Tortorici, Edward
name: Migdall, Alan L.
name: Zhang, Yanbao
name: Kumor, Daniel R.
name: Farr, William H.
name: Marsili, Francesco
name: Shaw, Matthew D.
name: Stern, Jeffrey A.
name: Abellán, Carlos
name: Amaya, Waldimar
name: Pruneri, Valerio
name: Jennewein, Thomas
name: Mitchell, Morgan W.
name: Kwiat, Paul G.
name: Bienfang, Joshua C.
name: Mirin, Richard P.
name: Knill, Emanuel
name: Nam, Sae Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a loophole-free violation of local realism using entangled photon pairs. We ensure that all relevant events in our Bell test are spacelike separated by placing the parties far enough apart and by using fast random number generators and high-speed polarization measurements. A high-quality polarization-entangled source of photons, combined with high-efficiency, low-noise, single-photon detectors, allows us to make measurements without requiring any fair-sampling assumptions. Using a hypothesis test, we compute p-values as small as $5.9\times 10^{-9}$ for our Bell violation while maintaining the spacelike separation of our events. We estimate the degree to which a local realistic system could predict our measurement choices. Accounting for this predictability, our smallest adjusted p-value is $2.3 \times 10^{-7}$. We therefore reject the hypothesis that local realism governs our experiment.
description: Supplemental material available as an ancillary file
title: Comparison of patient doses in two different trauma CT protocols
Creators: name: Husso, Minna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Radiation safety
subject: CT
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The whole body trauma CT offers valuable knowledge about the injuries of trauma patients. Unfortunately the whole body examination also causes relatively high radiation dose to the patient [1]. Therefore, and as the common aim is to keep radiation...
Dynamic Evolution of Microscopic Wet Cracking Noises
Creators: name: Ghaffari, H. O.
name: Griffith, W. A.
name: Benson, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Characterizing the interaction between water and microscopic defects is one of the long-standing challenges in understanding a broad range of cracking processes. Different physical aspects of microscopic events, driven or influenced by water, have been extensively discussed in atomistic calculations but have not been accessible in microscale experiments. Through the analysis of the emitted noises during the evolution of individual, dynamic microcracking events, we show that the onset of a secondary instability known as hybrid events occurs during the fast healing phase of microcracking, which leads to (local) sudden increase of pore water pressure in the process zone, inducing a secondary instability, which is followed by a fast-locking phase on the microscopic faults (pulse-like rupture).
Exact Path Integral for 3D Higher Spin Gravity
Creators: name: Honda, Masazumi
name: Iizuka, Norihiro
name: Tanaka, Akinori
name: Terashima, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extending the works arXiv:1504.05991 and arXiv:1510.02142, we study three dimensional Euclidean higher spin gravity with negative cosmological constant. This theory can be formulated in terms of SL(N,C) Chern-Simons theory. By introducing auxiliary fields, we rewrite it in a supersymmetric way and compute its partition function exactly by using the localization method. We obtain a good expression for the partition function in terms of characters for the vacuum and primaries in 2D unitary CFT with W_N symmetry. We also check that the coefficients of the character expansion are positive integers and exhibit Cardy formula in the large central charge limit.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. v2: discussion on introducing higher-spin-charge chemical potential added
Monitoring Neurovirulent Polioviruses in the Americas
Creators: name: Gregoricus, Nicole A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Worldwide polio eradication depends on high vaccine coverage. When vaccination decreases, oral polio vaccine can revert to neurovirulent poliovirus and cause outbreaks, as was recently demonstrated on Hispaniola. In this study, we monitored for polio virus in water samples obtained from Texas, Haiti and Ecuador by cell culture on RD and L20B cells. Positive polio virus isolates were genetically characterized for presumed neurovirulence markers including an amino acid substitution at position 143 in VP1 and a nucleotide substitution at position 481 in the 5'-UTR. Poliovirus was detected in samples from Haiti and Ecuador, but not in samples from Texas. All serotype 2 (n=7) and serotype 3 (n=1) isolates grew at 40°C and in the presence of Sabin-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, and had mutations in the 5'UTR and VP1 associated with neurovirulence. By sequencing, the complete VP1 gene of all strains demonstrated >99% identity to Sabin strains. Four serotype 2 strains from Ecuador were shown to be neurovirulence in transgenic mice expressing the poliovirus receptor.
The Local Equivalence Problem for 7-Dimensional, 2-Nondegenerate CR Manifolds whose Cubic Form is of Conformal Unitary Type
Creators: name: Porter, Curtis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58A15, 32V05, 58A10, 58A30

description: We apply E. Cartan's method of equivalence to classify 7-dimensional, 2-nondegenerate CR manifolds $M$ up to local CR equivalence in the case that the cubic form of $M$ satisfies a certain symmetry property with respect to the Levi form of $M$. The solution to the equivalence problem is given by a parallelism on a principal bundle over $M$. When the nondegenerate part of the Levi form has definite signature, the parallelism takes values in $\mathfrak{su}(2,2)$. When this signature is split and an additional "isotropy-switching" hypothesis is satisfied, the parallelism takes values in $\mathfrak{su}(3,1)$. Differentiating the parallelism provides a complete set of local invariants of $M$. We exhibit an explicit example of a real hypersurface in $\mathbb{C}^4$ whose invariants are nontrivial.
description: This version accounts for a previous oversight in section 3.2. There is branching in the case that the nondegenerate part of the Levi form has split signature. The geometric distinction between the two split-signature sub-cases is explained in section 2.3, while the corresponding differences in normalization of the 2-adapted coframe bundle are shown in Lemma 3.1
Feature-Binding Errors After Eye Movements: Confidence reports
Creators: name: Scotti, Paul
name: Chen, Jiageng
name: Golomb, Julie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Following eye movements, attention must be updated to a new location. This updating process can distort our ability to bind object locations with their features. Golomb, L'Heureux, & Kanwisher (2014) reported two types of feature-binding errors that can occur immediately following saccades: swapping errors and feature-mixing errors. Are subjects aware when they are committing these feature-binding errors? Here we add confidence reports to ask whether these different types of feature-binding errors are associated with higher or lower confidence ranges.
A Mechanistic Investigation of Allergic Airway Responses and Pulmonary Inflammation in House Dust Mite Sensitized Rats
Creators: name: Lambert, Amy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: House dust mite(HDM) antigen is one of the most common allergens associated with extrinsic asthma. In a model of allergic lung disease, Brown Norway rats sensitized to HDM with alum and Bordetella pertussis adjuvants produce high levels of IgE antibody and experience bronchoconstriction, increased airway hyperreactivity, and pulmonary inflammation after antigen challenge. To determine whether this allergic state could be transferred from sensitized animals to naive recipients via humoral or cellular factors, syngeneic recipient rats were injected i.p. with 4X10(superscript)7 cells(pre-cultured overnight with either HDM or BSA, respectively) from lymph nodes of sensitized or control rats. Other groups received a tail vein injection of serum from either HDM-sensitized or control rats. Three days post-transfer, animals were placed in a Fenn plethysmograph to assess bronchoconstriction after antigen challenge. The next day pulmonary hyperreactivity was measured during I.V.infusion of acetylcholine. Pulmonary inflammation was then assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) fluid and histopathological sections. Antigen challenge in rats injected with sensitized cells caused increases in pulmonary inflammation and increases in airway hyperreactivity, but no changes in immediate bronchoconstriction compared to control recipients. Serum transferred immediate bronchoconstriction but had no effect on airway hyperreactivity or on pulmonary inflammation. These data demonstrate that immune-mediated lung inflammation and airway hyperreactivity are promoted by antigen-specific cells, while immediate allergic responses are caused by serum factors. Future studies will focus on the isolation and subsequent transfer of serum factors and cell phenotypes to determine which specific components contribute to the pathophysiology of allergic lung disease.
title: Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumour Mimicking Malignancy: does imaging help?
Creators: name: Youssef, Ayda
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: Staging
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMFT) is a rare neoplasm of mesenchymal origin, primarily in soft tissues seen in many different anatomical locations. Our objectives are:- - To review the spectrum of inflammatory myofibroblastictumour in...
Nonthermal production of dark radiation and dark matter
Creators: name: Reece, Matthew
name: Roxlo, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter may be coupled to dark radiation: light degrees of freedom that mediate forces between dark sector particles. Cosmological constraints favor dark radiation that is colder than Standard Model radiation. In models with fixed couplings between dark matter and the Standard Model, these constraints can be difficult to satisfy if thermal equilibrium is assumed in the early universe. We construct a model of asymmetric reheating of the visible and dark sectors from late decays of a long-lived particle (for instance, a modulus). We show, as a proof-of-principle, that such a model can populate a sufficiently cold dark sector while also generating baryon and dark matter asymmetries through the out of equilibrium decay. We frame much of our discussion in terms of the scenario of dissipative dark matter, as in the Double-Disk Dark Matter scenario. However, our results may also be of interest for other scenarios like the Twin Higgs model that are in danger of overproducing dark radiation due to nonnegligible dark-visible couplings.
description: v2: accepted by JHEP; added discussion of baryon violation constraints, some corrections
Determination of the Sources of Low Level Lead Poisoning in North Carolina Children
Creators: name: Carlock, David M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Based on the revised definition of childhood lead poisoning by the CDC in 1991, the population considered at risk has increased at least ten-fold. It is estimated that more than 90% of all cases fall within the newly included 10 to 24 ug/dl range. The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, in conjunction with the UNC School of Public Health and the N.C. Dept. of Environment, Health, and Natural Resources, investigated the sources of lead poisoning from children who were reported to be in the 15-24 ug/dl range. Twenty-seven households from ten N.C. counties completed questionnaires and the concentration of lead in paint, dust, soil, and water were measured. Such factors as proximity to major highways, age of the house, exposure to fallout from lead fumes, child care frequency of visits to other sites, and improper home renovation techniques were also noted. Greater than 80% of the homes tested had soil lead levels above 500 ppm and/or exterior paint lead concentrations at 1.6 mg/cm^2 or higher. The least common factors found were high lead concentrations in the water supply (8.3% above 10ppb, none above 20 ppb) and potential volatized lead fume exposure (8.3%). In most cases a major contributor to the children's lead poisoning appeared to be hand-in-mouth activity combined with fine particles of soil tracked into the home, or exterior paint chips from poorly maintained walls or porch ceilings. The findings based on this small sample suggest that a significant reduction in blood lead levels might be achieved through proper exterior maintenance, house dust reduction techniques and frequent hand cleaning, especially when the children come in from the outside.
title: Extra skeletal manifestations of the Histocytosis in pediatrics
Creators: name: Youssef, Ayda
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Objectives Langerhans’ cell histiocytosis (LCH) is not uncommon pathology that implies an abnormal proliferation of these kinds of cells associated with a granular infiltration that affects different structures of the human body, including the...
title: Reduction of effective dose in Pediatric Body-CT due to Fully-integrated-Digital 'Stellar®' Detector
Creators: name: Cullmann, Jennifer
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Image registration
subject: Technical aspects
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Paediatric

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential reduction of radiation dose in pediatric body CTs after implementation of the new fully-integrated digital detector (Stellar®, Siemens Healthcare, Germany) compared with the previous conventional...
title: Assessment of Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure by High Temporal Resolution Phase-contrast MR imaging
Creators: name: Wirth, Gesine
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Pulmonary vessels

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To assess the mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) using high temporal resolution phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) and to correlate these with simultanous invasive catheter-based pressure measurements and echocardiographic data....
title: MRI manifestations of CNS opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients.
Creators: name: Kudlane, Ginta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: AIDS
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The abovementioned infections are caused by different causative agents, they differ by typical laboratory findings, but are found to have similar CNS symptoms, and, sometimes, similar MR findings. Opportunistic CNS infections are common in AIDS...
Stability of Earth-mass Planets in the Kepler-68 System
Creators: name: Kane, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key component of characterizing multi-planet exosystems is testing the orbital stability based on the observed properties. Such characterization not only tests the validity of how observations are interpreted but can also place additional constraints upon the properties of the detected planets. The Kepler mission has identified hundreds of multi-planet systems but there are a few that have additional non-transiting planets and also have well characterized host stars. Kepler-68 is one such system for which we are able to provide a detailed study of the orbital dynamics. We use the stellar parameters to calculate the extent of the Habitable Zone for this system, showing that the outer planet lies within that region. We use N-body integrations to study the orbital stability of the system, in particular placing an orbital inclination constraint on the outer planet of i > 5 degrees. Finally, we present the results of an exhaustive stability simulation that investigates possible locations of stable orbits for an Earth-mass planet. We show that there are several islands of stability within the Habitable Zone that could harbor such a planet, most particularly at the 2:3 mean motion resonance with the outer planet.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL (fixed y-axis of Figure 3)
Indulgent foods can paradoxically promote disciplined dietary choices
Creators: name: Sullivan, Nicolette
name: Huettel, Scott
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Data, example analysis code, and stimuli for: Sullivan, N.J., Fitzsimons, G.J., Platt, M.L., Huettel, S.A. Indulgent foods can paradoxically promote disciplined dietary choices. Psychological Science. Forthcoming.
title: Advanced paediatric imaging: a view of the past ten years
Creators: name: O'Connor, Michelle
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Statistics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The use of advanced diagnostic imaging has increased considerably over the past two decades, particularly amongst the paediatric population [1-3]. Advanced imaging modalities used in paediatric radiology include; ultrasound (US), computed tomography...
Impact of a Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin on Ozone Demand and Bromate Formation
Creators: name: Johnson, Clayton J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The objective of this research was to examine the impact of a magnetic ion exchange resin (MIEX®) on ozone demand and bromate formation in two different ozonated waters at bench-scale. The first raw water had a high bromide ion concentration, a high ozone demand, and was highly colored. Based on experimental findings from the first water, the second water was selected as a base from which to carry out more controlled experiments. The waters were treated with the MIEX resin using jar test procedures to find the optimal MIEX dosage based upon the removal of ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing substances, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and bromide. The optimal resin dosage was chosen for bulk MIEX treatment and subsequent ozonation in a semi-batch reactor. The ozone demand and formation of bromate were analyzed as a function of ozone dosage and dissolved ozone concentration for the MIEX pre-treated water, and compared to the results obtained by ozonating the water without MIEX pre-treatment. The results indicate that pre-treatment of the water with the MIEX resin significantly reduces total organic carbon (TOC), DOC, UV absorbance, color, and to some extent, bromide. MIEX pre-treatment of the water prior to ozonation substantially lowered the ozone demand and formation of bromate during subsequent ozonation.
AI/ML Recommender System Interoperability Guideline
Creators: name: Wolski, Marcin
name: Martyn, Krzysztof
name: Łabędzki, Maciej
name: Xydas, Michail
name: Zamani, Themis
name: Walter, Bartosz
name: Shepherdson, John William
name: Kolomanski, Michal
name: Triantafyllis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: EOSC
Interoperability
Guideline
Recommender System
AI/ML

description: This document describes the current architecture of the EOSC Recommendation System and provides guidelines for three integration options with external service components. The intended audience for the AI/ML Recommender System Interoperabilty Guideline is technical experts who would like learn how to design their services to be interoperable or integrate with the EOSC Recommender System (EOSC-RS) and/or who would like their resources (data sets) to be integrated within the EOSC-RS architecture. It is also for software engineers who would like to design and develop recommendation engines to be integrated within the EOSC-RS architecture.
title: Now you see it, now you don’t : the Hutch diverticulum.
Creators: name: Charsoula, Anna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: Diverticula
subject: Cystography / Uretrography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Paediatric

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Background Bladder diverticula (BD) are generally classified as congenital, acquired, iatrogenic and syndromic. The majority of bladder diverticula in children are congenital in origin and not frequent with an incidence of 1.7%. In 1961 John Hutch...
Relaxion Cosmology and the Price of Fine-Tuning
Creators: name: Di Chiara, Stefano
name: Kannike, Kristjan
name: Marzola, Luca
name: Racioppi, Antonio
name: Raidal, Martti
name: Spethmann, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relaxion scenario presents an intriguing extension of the standard model in which the particle introduced to solve to the strong CP problem, the axion, also achieves the dynamical relaxation of the Higgs boson mass term. In this work we complete this framework by proposing a scenario of inflationary cosmology that is consistent with all the observational constraints: the relaxion hybrid inflation with an asymmetric waterfall. In our scheme, the vacuum energy of the inflaton drives inflation in a natural way while the relaxion slow-rolls. The constraints on the present inflationary observables are then matched through a subsequent inflationary epoch driven by the inflaton. We quantify the amount of fine-tuning of the proposed inflation scenario, concluding that the inflaton sector severely decreases the naturalness of the theory.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, revised version published on PRD
title: Potential radiation exposure levels in recurrent CT examinations
Creators: name: Riccardi, Lucia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetry
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Patterns of Care

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Computed tomography (CT) examinations are increasing not only for their clinical value but also because of the widespread availability of high-performance technology. Modern scanners display values of computed tomography dose index (CTDI) and dose...
Regulatory Negotiation at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in Theory and Practice: A Case Study of the Development of the Proposed Regulation of Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Emissions from Architectural Coatings
Creators: name: Ducey, Ellen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The regulatory negotiation process is an alternative to the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) traditional approach to rulemaking. The EPA typically uses an experienced, neutral facilitator to evaluate a regulation for a negotiation approach and to facilitate the process if the EPA makes a decision to proceed with the negotiation. The literature on negotiation predicts benefits from the negotiation process for all participating parties regardless of whether a consensus agreement is reached. In 1992, the EPA made a decision to proceed with a regulatory negotiation for the architectural coatings industry to develop a regulation limiting volatile organic compound emissions from architectural coating products. Although the negotiation process lasted over two years, the negotiation ended without consensus being achieved. This paper discusses the factors which contributed to the selection of the architectural coatings regulation for negotiation and the process involved in selecting representatives of interest groups to participate in the negotiation. These interest groups included representatives of states, industry, consumers, and federal agencies. This paper identifies some overlapping interests among participant groups, and discusses value creating options which were developed during the negotiation. Although some benefits resulted from the negotiation process, this report concludes that the benefits were not worth the time, effort and money expended. Both the complexity of the industry and the negotiating tactics implemented by one of the industry groups participating in the process contributed to process delays and an inability to reach consensus. The importance of a careful evaluation of a candidate regulation for negotiation is highlighted as well as the need for a firm deadline under which to negotiate.
Quantitative Sensory Testing for Assessment of Somatosensory Function in Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Chambers, Christine
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pain Management
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Pediatrics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Adolescent
subject: Child
subject: Pain
subject: Pediatric
subject: QST
subject: Quantitative Sensory Testing
subject: Somatosensory

description: A scoping review protocol on the use of quantitative sensory testing for the assessment of somatosensory function in children and adolescents.