cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implicit Value of Retail Beef Brands and Retail Meat Product Attributes
Creators: name: Dutton, Jennifer M.
name: Ward, Clement E.
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Dutton, Jennifer M.
name: Ward, Clement E.
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Beef
subject: Hedonic pricing
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Retail beef brands
subject: Retail prices

description: Consumers reveal preferences for fresh beef attributes through their retail beef purchases. Hedonic pricing methods were used to estimate the value consumers place on observable characteristics of fresh beef products, especially on retail beef brands. Primary data were collected from 65 randomly generated grocery stores located in three metropolitan areas, Oklahoma City and Tulsa, Oklahoma, and Denver, Colorado. Retail beef package data were collected on 462 ground products, 175 roast products, and 756 steak products. There was some evidence retail beef brands command a price premium compared with unbranded, generic products. In this study, branding programs classified as “special” (i.e. no antibiotics, no hormones, all natural) offered the largest price premiums, but “other” types of branding programs offered price premiums as well. Price premiums for special brands were $1.45/lb. for ground products and $5.87/lb. for steak products. Labeling variables were not consistently significant in this study, indicating that labels associated with a brand name might offer consumers the most reassurance for their purchasing decision. The most important attributes affecting retail price per pound of ground beef products are store location (metropolitan area), store type, type of product, fat content, package size and type, expiration dates, brands and labels. Store location (metropolitan area) was important but store type was less important for explaining steak items than ground items. Steak prices were influenced by cut type, USDA quality grade, package size and type, and slightly by expiration date.
Ein griechisch-arabisches Perikopenbuch des koptischen Ritus
Creators: name: Baumstark, Anton
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 11 Nr. 1 (1913): Oriens christianus, Band 11, Heft 1
Additional file 4 of Decoding the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into mesangial cells at the transcriptomic level
Creators: name: Chee-Yin Wong
name: Chang, Yao-Ming
name: Yu-Shuen Tsai
name: Wailap Victor Ng
name: Soon-Keng Cheong
name: Chang, Ting-Yu
name: I-Fang Chung
name: Lim, Yang-Mooi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4. Monotonic ascending pattern genes with DE ≤ 4.
A Multiperiod Workforce Scheduling and Routing Problem with Dependent Tasks
Creators: name: Pereira, Dilson Lucas
name: Alves, Júlio César
name: Moreira, Mayron César de Oliveira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study a new Workforce Scheduling and Routing Problem, denoted Multiperiod Workforce Scheduling and Routing Problem with Dependent Tasks. In this problem, customers request services from a company. Each service is composed of dependent tasks, which are executed by teams of varying skills along one or more days. Tasks belonging to a service may be executed by different teams, and customers may be visited more than once a day, as long as precedences are not violated. The objective is to schedule and route teams so that the makespan is minimized, i.e., all services are completed in the minimum number of days. In order to solve this problem, we propose a Mixed-Integer Programming model, a constructive algorithm and heuristic algorithms based on the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) metaheuristic. The presence of precedence constraints makes it difficult to develop efficient local search algorithms. This motivates the choice of the ACO metaheuristic, which is effective in guiding the construction process towards good solutions. Computational results show that the model is capable of consistently solving problems with up to about 20 customers and 60 tasks. In most cases, the best performing ACO algorithm was able to match the best solution provided by the model in a fraction of its computational time.
BOLALARDAGI AUTIZMNING KELTIRIB CHIQARUVCHI XAVF OMILLARI
Creators: name: Jamalova, Shaxlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Autizmli bolalarga yordam berishning dolzarbligi bir necha omillar bilan belgilanadi:

o      Yuqori va asta-sekin o'sib borayotgan tarqalish darajasi (aholining taxminan 1%)

o      Klinik ko'rinishning murakkabligi va xilma-xilligi tufayli diagnostika va differentsial diagnostika qiyinchiliklari

o      Mavjud terapevtik tuzatish yondashuvlarining samaradorligi yetarli emas.
Measuring Liquidity Costs in Agricultural Futures Markets
Creators: name: Frank, Julieta
name: Garcia, Philip
name: Frank, Julieta
name: Garcia, Philip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: liquidity costs
subject: bid-ask spread
subject: Bayesian estimation
subject: Gibbs sampler

description: Estimation of liquidity costs in agricultural futures markets is challenging because bid-ask spreads are usually not observed. Spread estimators that use transaction data are available, but little agreement exists on their relative accuracy and performance. We evaluate four conventional and a recently proposed Bayesian estimators using simulated data based on Roll’s standard liquidity cost model. The Bayesian estimator tracks Roll’s model relatively well except when the level of noise in the market is large. We derive an improved estimator that seems to have a higher performance even under high levels of noise which is common in agricultural futures markets. We also compute liquidity costs using data for hogs and cattle futures contracts trading on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. The results obtained for market data are in line with the findings using simulated data.
Optical spectroscopy of flares from the black hole X-ray transient A0620-00 in quiescence
Creators: name: Shahbaz, T.
name: Hynes, R. I.
name: Charles, P. A.
name: Zurita, C.
name: Casares, J.
name: Haswell, C. A.
name: Araujo-Betancor, S.
name: Powell, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a time-resolved spectrophotometric study of the optical variability in the quiescent soft X-ray transient A0620-00. Superimposed on the double-humped continuum lightcurve are the well known flare events which last tens of minutes. Some of the flare events that appear in the continuum lightcurve are also present in the emission line lightcurves. From the Balmer line flux and variations, we find that the persistent emission is optically thin. During the flare event at phase 1.15 the Balmer decrement dropped suggesting either a significant increase in temperature or that the flares are more optically thick than the continuum. The data suggests that there are two HI emitting regions, the accretion disc and the accretion stream/disc region, with different Balmer decrements. The orbital modulation of H$α$ with the continuum suggests that the steeper decrement is most likely associated with the stream/disc impact region. We construct Doppler images of the H$α$ and H$β$ emission lines. Apart from showing enhanced blurred emission at the region where the stream impacts the accretion disc, the maps also show significant extended structure from the opposite side of the disc. The trailed spectra show characteristic S-wave features that can be interpreted in the context of an eccentric accretion disc (abridged).
description: 13 pages, 10 Figures, accepted my MNRAS
To What Surprises Do Hog Futures Markets Respond?
Creators: name: Frank, Julieta
name: Garcia, Philip
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Frank, Julieta
name: Garcia, Philip
name: Irwin, Scott H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: USDA announcements
subject: HPR
subject: rationality
subject: new information
subject: two-limit tobit

description: We re-assess the effect of new information contained in the Hogs and Pigs Reports (HPR) focusing on the rationality of the announcements. We find that HPR preliminary numbers are irrational estimates of the final numbers and market expectations before the announcements are also irrational estimates of HPR numbers. Based on these results we modify the conventional measure of new information entering into the market (i.e., announcement - market expectation), and incorporate final estimates and the market’s best forecast into the analysis. Results show modest statistical differences between the conventional and modified measures of surprise; however some economic differences, as large as 27 cents/cwt, emerged. We also find that, as expected, marketings information has a larger effect on short-term price changes and breedings information has a larger effect on long-term price changes.
Economically Optimal Distiller Grain Inclusion in Beef Feedlot Rations: Recognition of Omitted Factors
Creators: name: Jones, Crystal
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Rust, Steven R.
name: Jones, Crystal
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Rust, Steven R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: distiller’s grains
subject: livestock rations
subject: manure disposal cost

description: With the rapid expansion of the ethanol industry, the feeding landscape familiar to the feedlot industry is changing. While concerns regarding rising corn prices persist, many within the industry are looking at distiller’s grains, a by-product of ethanol production, to serve as a feed substitute. The question remains as to what extent these two feed sources are substitutable. The purpose of this study is to identify the economically optimal inclusion rate of distiller’s grains in beef feedlot rations, considering an array of often omitted factors. Most currently prevailing recommendation rates are strictly biologically based and frequently reference only one feeding trial. Unique economic factors considered in this research include the impact of by-product inclusion rates on animal performance (utilizing recently conducted meta-analysis from 17 relevant feeding trials), enhanced likelihood of death loss from heightened sulfur content, and manure disposal costs. Results indicate that excluding these factors can significantly impact optimal inclusion levels and that reliance on a single or few feeding trials may greatly bias results.
Risk and Fertilizer Use in the Rainfed Rice Ecosystem of Tarlac, Philippines
Creators: name: Abedullah
name: Pandey, Sushil
name: Abedullah
name: Pandey, Sushil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: expected utility
subject: fertilizer
subject: heteroscedastic production function
subject: Just and Pope's and Antle's techniques
subject: rainfed
subject: risk aversion

description: The study analyzes the effect of risk aversion on the optimal level of fertilizer by employing a pooled time-series cross-sectional survey data collected from 46 rainfed rice farmers in Tarlac, Central Luzon, Philippines. Based on a heteroscedastic specification of production function, fertilizer was found to be a risk-increasing input, but the effect of risk aversion on the optimal fertilizer use was estimated to be moderate. Explanations for the low average rate of application of fertilizer under rainfed conditions thus need to be found elsewhere.
Comment on "The wave-driven current in coastal canopies" by M. Abdolahpour et al
Creators: name: Luhar, Mitul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laboratory and field measurements made over the past decade have shown the presence of a strong wave-driven mean current in submerged vegetation canopies. Luhar et al. (2010) suggested that this mean current is analogous to the streaming flow generated in wave boundary layers over bare beds, and developed a simple energy and momentum balance model to predict its magnitude. However, this model predicts that the magnitude of the mean current does not depend on canopy spatial density, which is inconsistent with the measurements made by Abdolahpour et al. (2017) in recent laboratory experiments. Motivated by observations that the wave-driven mean flow is most pronounced at the canopy interface, Abdolahpour et al. (2017) proposed an alternate explanation for its origin: that it is driven by the vertical heterogeneity in orbital motion created by canopy drag. Such heterogeneity can give rise to incomplete particle orbits near the canopy interface and a Lagrangian mean current analogous to Stokes drift in the direction of wave propagation. A model guided by this physical insight and dimensional analysis is able to generate much more accurate predictions. This comment aims to reconcile these two different models for the wave-driven mean flow in submerged canopies.
HRJust Method Memo A3 Examples to facilitate civil society holding Sweden accountable for Human Rights and HRJs
Creators: name: Paul, LAPPALAINEN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This memo is a first step with respect to identifying historical civil actions that could be used in the situation of civil society holding States accountable. This memo builds on two previous memos, all three the results of workshop held between WP2 and WP5 HRJust, Positive obligations under the European Convention of Human Rights and Human Rights Justifications – a conceptual framework, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10403142 authored by Maria Nääv, and How is the Swedish legal system able to hold the State accountable for its use of human rights in justifying its actions and decisions? DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10403206, authored by Elica Ghavidel Rostami and Maria Nääv. Beyond transforming human rights obligations into national law, States also use Human Rights Justifications as a means to avoid giving obligations at the national level any true substance. A common example in liberal democracies such as Sweden is the assertion that the State already fulfils those obligations, which means that changes in national legislation and policies are not necessary. This can be maintained at both the initial stages related to ratification of conventions as well as in the follow-up processes such as Universal Periodic Reviews or more specific reporting processes in regard to e.g. ICERD, CEDAW and CRPD. Civil society (CS) strategies for counteracting Human Rights Justifications can involve, in addition to awareness raising, active participation in the legislative processes as to the adoption and enforcement of legislation and policy.
Formalizing Falsification for Theories of Consciousness Across Computational Hierarchies
Creators: name: Hanson, Jake R.
name: Walker, Sara I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The scientific study of consciousness is currently undergoing a critical transition in the form of a rapidly evolving scientific debate regarding whether or not currently proposed theories can be assessed for their scientific validity. At the forefront of this debate is Integrated Information Theory (IIT), widely regarded as the preeminent theory of consciousness because of its quantification of consciousness in terms a scalar mathematical measure called $Φ$ that is, in principle, measurable. Epistemological issues in the form of the "unfolding argument" have provided a refutation of IIT by demonstrating how it permits functionally identical systems to have differences in their predicted consciousness. The implication is that IIT and any other proposed theory based on a system's causal structure may already be falsified even in the absence of experimental refutation. However, so far the arguments surrounding the issue of falsification of theories of consciousness are too abstract to readily determine the scope of their validity. Here, we make these abstract arguments concrete by providing a simple example of functionally equivalent machines realizable with table-top electronics that take the form of isomorphic digital circuits with and without feedback. This allows us to explicitly demonstrate the different levels of abstraction at which a theory of consciousness can be assessed. Within this computational hierarchy, we show how IIT is simultaneously falsified at the finite-state automaton (FSA) level and unfalsifiable at the combinatorial state automaton (CSA) level. We use this example to illustrate a more general set of criteria for theories of consciousness: to avoid being unfalsifiable or already falsified scientific theories of consciousness must be invariant with respect to changes that leave the inference procedure fixed at a given level in a computational hierarchy.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Do Economic Restrictions Improve Forecasts?
Creators: name: Murphy, Elizabeth A.
name: Norwood, F. Bailey
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Murphy, Elizabeth A.
name: Norwood, F. Bailey
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: demand systems
subject: economic restrictions
subject: forecasting
subject: representative consumer

description: A previous study showed that imposing economic restrictions improves the forecasting ability of food demand systems, thus warranting their use even when they are rejected in-sample. This article evaluates whether this result is due to economic restrictions enhancing degrees of freedom or containing nonsample information. Results indicate that restrictions improve forecasting ability even when they are not derived from economic theory, but theoretical restrictions forecast best.
Spacelike boundaries from the c=1 Matrix Model
Creators: name: Das, Sumit R.
name: Karczmarek, Joanna L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find classical solutions of two dimensional noncritical string theory which give rise to geometries with spacelike boundaries, similar to spacetimes with cosmological event horizons. In the c=1 matrix model, these solutions have a representation as simple time dependent configurations. We obtain the causal structure of the resulting spacetimes. Using the macroscopic loop transform, we probe the form of the tachyon condensate in the asymptotic regions.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, v2: reference added, v3: minor corrections
Ultra-Luminous Sources in Nearby Galaxies
Creators: name: Mushotzky, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I briefly review much of the X-ray and optical data on the nature of the ULXs in nearby galaxies. I present new results on radio emission, finding that the radio is usually rather luminous and extended. I review the X-ray data on timing and spectra. There is no direct evidence in the X-ray data for either geometric or relativistic beaming and in 4 objects direct evidence against beaming. I argue that the X-ray timing and spectral properties of these objects are, in general, not good analogs of AGN or galactic black holes and that the ULX may represent a new mode of accretion only rarely seen in other objects.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
A Novel GDP Prediction Technique based on Transfer Learning using CO2 Emission Dataset
Creators: name: Kumar, Sandeep
name: Muhuri, Pranab K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the last 150 years, CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased from 280 parts per million to 400 parts per million. This has caused an increase in the average global temperatures by nearly 0.7 degree centigrade due to the greenhouse effect. However, the most prosperous states are the highest emitters of greenhouse gases (specially, CO2). This indicates a strong relationship between gaseous emissions and the gross domestic product (GDP) of the states. Such a relationship is highly volatile and nonlinear due to its dependence on the technological advancements and constantly changing domestic and international regulatory policies and relations. To analyse such vastly nonlinear relationships, soft computing techniques has been quite effective as they can predict a compact solution for multi-variable parameters without any explicit insight into the internal system functionalities. This paper reports a novel transfer learning based approach for GDP prediction, which we have termed as Domain Adapted Transfer Learning for GDP Prediction. In the proposed approach per capita GDP of different nations is predicted using their CO2 emissions via a model trained on the data of any developed or developing economy. Results are comparatively presented considering three well-known regression methods such as Generalized Regression Neural Network, Extreme Learning Machine and Support Vector Regression. Then the proposed approach is used to reliably estimate the missing per capita GDP of some of the war-torn and isolated countries.
Biofilm plasmidome (hospital effluents of Clermont-Ferrand, France)
Creators: name: Hennequin, Claire
name: Forestier, Christiane
name: Ousmane Traoré
name: DEBROAS, Didier
name: Bricheux, Geneviève
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Circular and linear (> 5 kb) plasmid contigs extracted from bacteria forming a biofilm in hospital effluents
Measurement and Political Economy of Disputed Technical Regulations
Creators: name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Roberts, Donna
name: Orden, David
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Roberts, Donna
name: Orden, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: limited dependent variable
subject: sanitary
subject: and phytosanitary
subject: WTO

description: Technical regulations are increasingly visible in agricultural trade, yet their idiosyncratic nature has limited prior aggregate analysis. This article draws on a unique data source for systematic enumeration of the technical regulations questioned by one exporter among all of its trading partners in mid-1996. Political economy analysis indicates that barriers decrease when the relative contribution of agriculture to an economy increases, when the anticipated future level of protection through other forms of government intervention increases, and when economies are more open. Despite increased scrutiny and discipline by the World Trade Organization, technical barriers remain a significant impediment in world agricultural markets.
TRANSPORT SOHASIDA TRANSFORMATSIYA JARAYONLARI: RAQAMLASHTIRISHNING RAQAMLI IQTISODIYOTDAGI ROLI
Creators: name: Jo'rayev, Azamat
name: Hamrayeva, Nasiba
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Transport sektori global savdoni rivojlantirishda, odamlar, tovarlar va xizmatlarni katta masofalarda bog‘lashda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. So‘nggi yillarda transport sanoatining raqamlashtirilishi inqilobiy kuchga aylandi, operatsiyalarni o‘zgartirib, samaradorlikni oshirib va biznes modellarini qayta shakllantirmoqda. Ushbu keng qamrovli ilmiy maqola raqamlashtirishning transport sektoriga raqamli iqtisodiyot doirasidagi ko‘p qirrali ta’sirini o‘rganadi. Aqlli logistika va bog‘langan transport vositalaridan tortib, ma’lumotlarga asoslangan qaror qabul qilish va barqaror harakatchanlik yechimlarigacha, raqamlashtirish innovatsiya, iqtisodiy o‘sish va ijtimoiy taraqqiyotni rivojlantirish uchun katta salohiyatga ega. Ushbu maqola raqamlashtirishning kelajakdagi transport manzarasini shakllantirishda asosiy omillarini, qiyinchiliklarini va yo‘nalishlarini batafsil tahlil qiladi.
An Evaluation of U.S. Hog Producer Preferences Toward Autonomy
Creators: name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Davis, Christopher G.
name: Rahelizatovo, Noro C.
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Davis, Christopher G.
name: Rahelizatovo, Noro C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Autonomy
subject: contracting
subject: pork production
subject: utility

description: Hog farmers’ preferences for autonomy are assessed through the use of eight questions dealing with their preferences for general decision making and with respect to specific management actions. Farmers generally preferred to make a higher percentage of the decisions about their operations, especially older producers and those who operated farrowing units. Farmers who placed lower values on autonomy finished hogs, were nearing retirement, valued social relationships with other farmers more highly, had higher off-farm income, or were larger farmers.
Zu den Freiburger griechisch-saïdischen Evangelienfragmenten
Creators: name: Herr, Michael
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 11 Nr. 1 (1913): Oriens christianus, Band 11, Heft 1
An Atlas of Warm AGN and Starbursts from the IRAS Deep Fields
Creators: name: Keel, William C.
name: Irby, Bryan K.
name: May, Alana
name: Miley, George K.
name: Golombek, Daniel
name: de Grijp, M. H. K.
name: Gallimore, Jack F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 180 AGN candidates based on color selection from the IRAS slow-scan deep observations, with color criteria broadened from the initial Point-Source Catalog samples to include similar objects with redshifts up to z=1 and allowing for two-band detections. Spectroscopic identifications have been obtained for 80 (44%); some additional ones are secure based on radio detections or optical morphology, although yet unobserved spectroscopically. These spectroscopic identifications include 13 Sy 1 galaxies, 17 Sy 2 Seyferts, 29 starbursts, 7 LINER systems, and 13 emission-line galaxies so heavily reddened as to remain of ambiguous classification. The optical magnitudes range from R=12.0-20.5; counts suggest that incompleteness is important fainter than R=15.5. Redshifts extend to z=0.51, with a significant part of the sample at z>0.2. The sample includes slightly more AGN than star-forming systems among those where the spectra contain enough diagnostic feature to make the distinction. The active nuclei include several broad-line objects with strong Fe II emission, and composite objects with the absorption-line signatures of fading starbursts. These AGN with warm far-IR colors have little overlap with the "red AGN" identified with 2MASS; only a single Sy 1 was detected by 2MASS with J-K > 2. Some reliable IRAS detections have either very faint optical counterparts or only absorption-line galaxies, potentially being deeply obscured AGN. The IRAS detections include a newly identified symbiotic star, and several possible examples of the "Vega phenomenon", including dwarfs as cool as type K. Appendices detail these candidate stars, and the optical-identification content of a particularly deep set of high-latitude IRAS scans (probing the limits of optical identification from IRAS data alone).
description: ApJ Suppl, in press. Figures converted to JPEG/GIF for better compression; PDF with full-resolution figures available before publication at http://www.astr.ua.edu/keel/aoagn.pdf
Correlates of viral and bacterial abundances in siberian and antarctic permafrost
Creators: name: McLearn, Nicole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Despite the widespread occurrence and high abundance of bacteria and viruses in many environments, little work has been published to date on the abundances of viruses and bacteria in permafrost. Therefore, factors that affect viral and bacterial abundances in permafrost are still largely unknown. Permafrost samples from the Kolyma-lndigirka Lowland region of Siberia (70°N, 158°E), and the Beacon Dry Valley in Antarctica (77°S, 160°E) were examined for viruses. Soil type ranged from sands containing little carbon, nitrogen, and ice, to loams containing large quantities of carbon, nitrogen, and ice. Methodology for optimal virus recovery included testing of various eluants and filter testing. Sodium pyrophosphate was the best eluant (1.34x108 viruses g⁻¹ dry weight) over phosphate-buffered saline (8.09x107 viruses g⁻¹ dry weight) and virus-free water (2.46x106 viruses g⁻¹ dry weight). A glass fiber filter and 0.45 um polyvinylidene fluoride filter was the best combination (3.32x108 viruses g⁻¹ dry weight) over no filtering at all (too much detritus to count viruses), a 0.40 urn polycarbonate filter (2.30x107 viruses g⁻¹ dry weight), or a 0.45 μm nitrocellulose filter (3.10x107 viruses g⁻¹ dry weight). Sonication did not aid in virus recovery from permafrost (2.59x108 viruses g⁻¹ dry weight, no sonication; vs. 2.49x108- 2.70x108 viruses g⁻¹ dry weight, 10 - 300 seconds, 25 Watts sonication). Viral and bacterial presence was determined by epifluorescence microscopy; viral abundances ranged from 2.83x104 to 3.32x108 viruses g⁻¹ (dry weight); bacterial abundances ranged from 1.02x103 to 4.09x108 bacteria g⁻¹ (dry weight). Physical and chemical characteristics of permafrost were compared with viral and bacterial abundances. Permafrost type was associated with viral abundance, with loamy soils giving the highest abundances (~10⁸ viruses g⁻¹ dry weight) and sands giving the lowest abundances (ranging from below the detection limit of 2.83x10⁴ to ~10⁶ viruses g⁻¹ dry weight). Viral abundance was also associated with higher carbon, nitrogen, and ice contents, and a lower pH. This is consistent with other research into bacterial abundances in permafrost, which have shown that loamy soils have higher abundances, and sands have much less abundances, usually due to the scarcity of water and organic matter available.
Distribution of Damped Lyman-alpha Absorbers in a Lambda Cold Dark Matter Universe
Creators: name: Nagamine, Kentaro
name: Wolfe, Arthur M.
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a numerical study of a galactic wind model and its implications on the properties of damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (DLAs) using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. We vary both the wind strength and the internal parameters of the the wind model in a series of cosmological SPH simulations that include radiative cooling and heating by a UV background, star formation, and feedback from supernovae and galactic winds. To test our simulations, we examine the DLA `rate-of-incidence' as a function of halo mass, galaxy apparent magnitude, and impact parameter. We find that the statistical distribution of DLAs does not depend on the exact values of internal numerical parameters that control the decoupling of hydrodynamic forces when the gas is ejected from starforming regions. The DLA rate-of-incidence in our simulations at z=3 is dominated by the faint galaxies with apparent magnitude R_AB < 25.5. However, interestingly in a `strong wind' run, the differential distribution of DLA sight-lines is peaked at Mhalo = 10^{12} Msun/h (R_AB~27), and the mean DLA halo mass is Mmean=10^{12.4} Msun/h (R_AB ~ 26). These mass-scales are much larger than those if we ignore winds, because galactic wind feedback suppresses the DLA cross section in low-mass halos and increases the relative contribution to the DLA incidence from more massive halos. The DLAs in our simulations are more compact than the present-day disk galaxies, and the impact parameter distribution is very narrow unless we limit the search for the host galaxy to only bright LBGs. The comoving number density of DLAs is higher than that of LBGs down to R_AB=30 mag if the physical radius of each DLA is smaller than 5 kpc/h_70. We discuss conflicts between current simulations and observations, and potential problems with simulations based on the CDM model.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures. Accepted to ApJ. Additional numerical tests of the internal parameters of the galactic wind model are presented
An Overview of Self-Similar Traffic: Its Implications in the Network Design
Creators: name: Melo, Ernande F.
name: de Oliveira, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1; C.4; D.4.8; I.6

description: The knowledge about the true nature of the traffic in computer networking is a key requirement in the design of such networks. The phenomenon of self-similarity is a characteristic of the traffic of current client/server packet networks in LAN/WAN environments dominated by network technologies such as Ethernet and the TCP/IP protocol stack. The development of networks traffic simulators, which take into account this attribute, is necessary for a more realistic description the traffic on these networks and their use in the design of resources (contention elements) and protocols of flow control and network congestion. In this scenario it is recommended do not adopt standard traffic models of the Poisson type.
description: 9 pages, 16 figures
“A fuller knowledge of themselves”: personal autonomy and the fictional female reader in the writing of May Laffan, Katharine Tynan, and George Egerton, 1880-1900
Creators: name: Ballard, Colleen
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470307
subject: English language

description: This thesis analyses how personal autonomy is facilitated or enabled through reading and using books. It focuses on the fictional female reader in the writings of May Laffan, Katharine Tynan, and George Egerton. I explore the capacity for individual choice for girls and women despite societally constructed expectations. I acknowledge women’s public activism, but this is not my focus. I argue that small behaviours enacted by the individual girl or woman in the private space have validity and value; ultimately, they can achieve a sense of selfhood. This thesis concentrates on the act of reading, the impact of religion on reading practice, and the role of the book. I identify specific behaviours which indicate autonomy; small behaviours are demonstrated in how, when, why, what, and even where reading was practised. My analysis encompasses how the fictional female reader chooses to respond to what they are reading, and if and how they assimilate what they are reading. These behaviours are examined in conversation with cultural commentary disseminated via periodicals and advice manuals. Commentators sent clear messages regarding reading and books, and I am interested in how these directions were received and how this is represented through the experiences of the fictional female reader. Spanning the decades 1880-1900, the context of my analysis enters the Victorian fin de siècle, a time of transition and change. I explore if and how this climate is evident in fictional portrayals and how it informed the choices, however small, characters were making. My examination is centred within the private space of girls and women; the domestic home and the religious convent. It is noteworthy that autonomous acts are written into the reading lives of fictional characters which indicates author awareness of choice, its potential, and the consequences for the individual. This research is an important contribution to the revival of authors and offers fresh perspectives within the field of Irish Studies; it also expands on research on reading and books in the Victorian era.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of clinical features and outcomes between patients with early and delayed lupus nephritis
Creators: name: Ahn, Sung Soo
name: Juyoung Yoo
name: Jung, Seung Min
name: Song, Jason Jungsik
name: Yong-Beom Park
name: Lee, Sang-Won
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Comparison of adverse effects of glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents between patients with early and delayed lupus nephritis.
Multi-Region Entanglement in Locally Scrambled Quantum Dynamics
Creators: name: Akhtar, A. A.
name: You, Yi-Zhuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of multi-region bipartite entanglement entropy under locally scrambled quantum dynamics. We show that the multi-region entanglement can significantly modify the growth of single-region entanglement, whose effect has been largely overlooked in the existing literature. We developed a novel theoretical framework, called the entanglement feature formalism, to organize all the multi-region entanglement systematically as a sign-free many-body state. We further propose a two-parameter matrix product state (MPS) ansatz to efficiently capture the exponentially many multi-region entanglement features. Using these tools, we are able to study the multi-region entanglement dynamics jointly and represent the evolution in the MPS parameter space. By comparing the dynamical constraints on the motion of entanglement cuts, we are able to identify different quantum dynamics models in a unifying entanglement feature Hamiltonian. Depending on the quantum dynamics model, we find that multi-region effects can dominate the single region entanglement growth and only vanish for Haar random circuits. We calculate the operator-averaged out-of-time-order correlator based on the entanglement feature Hamiltonian and extract the butterfly velocity from the result. We show that the previously conjectured bound between the entanglement velocity and the butterfly velocity holds true even under the influence of multi-region entanglement. These developments could enable more efficient numerical simulations and more systematic theoretical understandings of the multi-region entanglement dynamics in quantum many-body systems.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures; added & updated references
Additional file 1 of Decoding the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into mesangial cells at the transcriptomic level
Creators: name: Chee-Yin Wong
name: Chang, Yao-Ming
name: Yu-Shuen Tsai
name: Wailap Victor Ng
name: Soon-Keng Cheong
name: Chang, Ting-Yu
name: I-Fang Chung
name: Lim, Yang-Mooi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. MDS plot and heatmap.
Links among Farm Productivity, Off-Farm Work, and Farm Size in the Southeast
Creators: name: Yee, Jet
name: Ahearn, Mary Clare
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Yee, Jet
name: Ahearn, Mary Clare
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: farm size
subject: off-farm work
subject: productivity
subject: Southeast
subject: structural change

description: This paper examines the linkages among agricultural total factor productivity, farm size, and farm household participation in the off-farm labor market for the Southeastern states for the period 1960-1996. We find evidence of a simultaneous relationship between productivity and measures of farm structure. The results support the expected relationships between the endogenous variables, namely that productivity and farm size are positively related, farm size and off-farm work participation are negatively related, and off-farm work and productivity are negatively related. We find positive and significant impacts of government policies (investments in public research, extension, and highways) on productivity growth.
Predicting Pork Supplies: An Application of Multiple Forecast Encompassing
Creators: name: Sanders, Dwight R.
name: Manfredo, Mark R.
name: Sanders, Dwight R.
name: Manfredo, Mark R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: composite forecasts
subject: forecast encompassing
subject: pork production

description: Conditional efficiency or forecast encompassing is tested among alternative pork production forecasts using the method proposed by Harvey and Newbold. One-, two-, and three-quarter ahead pork production forecasts made by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), the University of Illinois and Purdue University Cooperative Extension Service, and those produced by a univariate time series model are evaluated. The encompassing tests provide considerably more information about forecast performance than a simple pair-wise test for equality of mean squared errors. The results suggest that at a one-quarter horizon, the Extension service forecasts encompass the competitors, but at longer horizon, a composite forecast may provide greater accuracy.
Coupled atomic-molecular condensates in a double-well potential: decaying molecular oscillations
Creators: name: Jing, Hui
name: Gu, Sihong
name: Zhan, Mingsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a four-mode model that describes coherent photo-association (PA) in a double-well Bose-Einstein condensate, focusing on the $average$ molecular populations in certain parameters. Our numerical results predict an interesting strong-damping effect of molecular oscillations by controlling the particle tunnellings and PA light strength, which may provide a promising way for creating a stable molecular condensate via coherent PA in a magnetic double-well potential.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted
Additional file 2 of Decoding the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into mesangial cells at the transcriptomic level
Creators: name: Chee-Yin Wong
name: Chang, Yao-Ming
name: Yu-Shuen Tsai
name: Wailap Victor Ng
name: Soon-Keng Cheong
name: Chang, Ting-Yu
name: I-Fang Chung
name: Lim, Yang-Mooi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. TF in TO-GCN.
Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Eco-Certified Wood Products
Creators: name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
name: Jakus, Paul M.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Menard, R. Jamey
name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
name: Jakus, Paul M.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Menard, R. Jamey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: eco-certification
subject: eco-labeling
subject: price premium
subject: spike models

description: We use Kristrom’s simple spike model to assess the factors influencing consumers’ willingness to pay a premium for a variety of certified wood products. A survey of over 1,600 Pennsylvania and Tennessee residents found that approximately 35% were willing to pay some positive “premium” for environmentally certified wood products. For three types of weed products (a $28.80 shelf, a $199 chair, and a $799 table), we find the estimated market premiums to be $3.74, $15.94, and $45.07, respectively.
Improved Local Lattice Approach for Coulombic Simulations
Creators: name: Duncan, A.
name: Sedgewick, R. D.
name: Coalson, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An improved approach to the simulation of strongly fluctuating Coulomb gases, based on a local lattice technique introduced by Maggs and Rossetto, is described and then tested in a problem of biophysical interest. The low acceptance rates for charged particle moves in regimes of physical interest are increased to a serviceable level by use of a coupled particle-field update procedure in the new method. Sensitivity of the results to lattice discretization effects is also studied using asymmetric lattices.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. Revised version including referee suggestions
An intelligent tutoring system and teacher dashboard to support students on mathematics in science inquiry
Creators: name: Dickler, Rachel
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: New educational technologies present an opportunity to help teachers monitor and support their students remotely in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM). However, most technologies do not have the capacity to comprehensively assess and report on students’ critical 21st century practice competencies (such as those described in the Next Generation Science Standards including Using Mathematics). The science inquiry dashboard, Inq-Blotter, has recently been extended to provide alerts to teachers on high school students’ performance on practices involving mathematical competencies as students complete investigations in the Inquiry Intelligent Tutoring System, Inq-ITS. Inquiry competencies are scored at a fine-grained, sub-component level by Inq-ITS’ underlying algorithms. The logging infrastructure in both the teacher dashboard and student platform allows for investigating how these tools are implemented across contexts, especially when triangulated with additional data including teacher-student discourse, as in the present work. In this dissertation, a design-based research project was conducted over two phases to characterize and evaluate the remote use of Inq-Blotter’s alerting feature for math practices to inform future iterations of the dashboard alert design (i.e., embedding Teacher Inquiry Practice Supports (TIPS) for Using Mathematics within the dashboard’s alerts). Specifically, the present work: 1) examined the use of Inq-Blotter in remote contexts and students’ corresponding performance on math practices (which informed the design of Inq-Blotter alerts with TIPS for math practices), 2) examined if remote support elicited by alerts with TIPS was associated with student improvement on mathematical practices, and 3) compared the remote teacher discourse elicited by alerts with TIPS relative to the teacher discourse with basic alerts using Epistemic Network Analyses (Shaffer et al., 2016). These studies provide valuable data on how technologies can help realize the vison of the NGSS in remote settings by supporting teachers’ pedagogical practices for inquiry to promote students’ learning of complex practices such as Using Mathematics in science inquiry.
An MCMC Method for Uncertainty Set Generation via Operator-Theoretic Metrics
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Anand
name: Takeishi, Naoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Model uncertainty sets are required in many robust optimization problems, such as robust control and prediction with uncertainty, but there is no definite methodology to generate uncertainty sets for nonlinear dynamical systems. In this paper, we propose a method for model uncertainty set generation via Markov chain Monte Carlo. The proposed method samples from distributions over dynamical systems via metrics over transfer operators and is applicable to general nonlinear systems. We adapt Hamiltonian Monte Carlo for sampling high-dimensional transfer operators in a computationally efficient manner. We present numerical examples to validate the proposed method for uncertainty set generation.
description: 6 pages