cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: War and Science in Ukraine
Creators: name: Ganguli, Ina
name: Waldinger, Fabian
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2023

description: We discuss the impacts of the Russian invasion on Ukrainian science. Using newly collected data, we show that the war has already had significant effects on science in Ukraine: research papers produced by Ukrainian scientists declined by about 10%, approximately 5% of the most prolific scientists are publishing with a foreign affiliation, 22% of top universities have faced destruction of physical capital, and international collaborations with Russian scientists have declined by more than 40%. Drawing upon the economics of science and innovation literature, we highlight three primary channels through which wars impact science: 1) the loss of human capital, 2) the destruction of physical capital, and 3) reductions in international scientific cooperation. The evidence from the literature on the long-run effects of losing human or physical capital indicates that shocks to physical capital can be remedied more easily than shocks to human capital. Our new data also suggests that human capital shocks are the main drivers of the reduction in Ukrainian research output that has occurred since the beginning of the war. Hence, reconstruction efforts should be focused on supporting scientists to continue in the research sector and to return to Ukraine after the war has ended.
CORONAVIRUS AND INDIAN TOURISM INDUSTRY: AN ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE
Creators: name: Jyotirmoy Chakraborty
name: Paul, Rahul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID-19, Travel, Tourism, Lockdown

description: The social and economic impact of the pandemic disease is nothing but always devastation.
 People are witnessing global economic damage due to the outspread of a very new kind of
 Coronavirus named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization. Unavailability of Vaccine for
 this particular disease restricting human activity including 'stay at home' campaigning turns into
 an economic calamity made collateral damage in different sectors of the economy even put
 tourism industry also in big question. Though during the crisis, tourism as a product or service never ensures the essential supplies of human life to survive. But as the economy grows from the
 micro to macro perspective people's valuation towards leisure cannot be avoided hence the
 demand is still growing rapidly from local to global which ensures the parallel expansion of the
 industry generates a huge amount of employment mostly in the unorganized sector. Therefore due
 to the closure of most of the non-essential economic activities, employees in this industry are
 in great danger. In this paper, we intend to show the impact of COVID-19 on Indian as well as
 the global tourism industry with some special defining features of West Bengal province, one of
 the sweetest states of India as a major destination of tourism.
Predicting Patchy Particle Crystals: Variable Box Shape Simulations and Evolutionary Algorithms
Creators: name: Bianchi, Emanuela
name: Doppelbauer, Guenther
name: Filion, Laura
name: Dijkstra, Marjolein
name: Kahl, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider several patchy particle models that have been proposed in literature and we investigate their candidate crystal structures in a systematic way. We compare two different algorithms for predicting crystal structures: (i) an approach based on Monte Carlo simulations in the isobaric-isothermal ensemble and (ii) an optimization technique based on ideas of evolutionary algorithms. We show that the two methods are equally successful and provide consistent results on crystalline phases of patchy particle systems.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables Journal of Chemical Physics, accepted
Additional file 3 of PyClone-VI: scalable inference of clonal population structures using whole genome data
Creators: name: Gillis, Sierra
name: Roth, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 3. Fig. S2: Comparison of PyClone and PyClone-VI with varying error rates PDF file with figures showing the results of running PyClone and PyClone-VI with varying the error rates of the expected variant allele frequency. Data was simulated from the PyClone model with 4 samples, 100 mutations, a mean depth of 100 reads, copy number ranging from 1–4 copies and tumour content for each sample randomly selected from [0.4, 0.8]. To simulate error, the true expected VAF f was computed for each mutation and then a perturbed expected VAF $$\tilde{f}$$ f ~ was simulated uniformly from $$[max\{0, f - \epsilon \}, min\{1, f + \epsilon \}]$$ [ m a x { 0 , f - ϵ } , m i n { 1 , f + ϵ } ] where $$\epsilon $$ ϵ is the error rate. The perturbed expected VAF $$\tilde{f}$$ f ~ was then used to simulate read count data. a V-measure as a function of the error rate. b Mean absolute deviation of inferred CCF from truth as a function of the error rate. c Runtime of the methods. d Memory usage.
An exploration of pre-censorship of children's books : perceptions and experiences of canadian authors and illustrators
Creators: name: Givens, Cherie Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: There is little documentation of pre-censorship of children’s literature. The discussion of pre-censorship is often submerged within more general censorship discussions and not specifically identified. It is addressed in snippets of information revealed in interviews and responses to questionnaires concerning censorship. This study was designed to examine in detail the phenomenon of pre-censorship as experienced by Canadian children’s and young adult authors and illustrators. A qualitative, naturalistic methodology was selected to explore participants’ experiences through in-depth interviews with open-ended questions designed to encourage participants to speak at length and share thoughts, feelings, and insights. Seventeen Canadian authors and illustrators, who self-identified as having experienced pre-censorship, participated in this study. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with all but one of the participants, whose interview was conducted by telephone and a follow-up in-person meeting. Most participants requested confidentiality, wishing to keep their names and the titles of the books undisclosed. Participants provided concrete examples of they experienced pre-censorship. Types of pre-censorship were identified. Reasons given for pre-censorship make clear that marketing and sales concerns as well as a fear of censorship after publication are dominant motivating factors. The incidents of pre-censorship discussed can be distilled down to several common threads that help to identify the essence of the experience. The main criterion that separates participants’ pre-censorship experiences from normal or acceptable editing is the feeling of loss of intellectual freedom or freedom of expression in having to make the changes. Almost all of the participants now self-censor in anticipation of censorship. When participants’ experiences are compared to documented instances of pre-censorship of children’s and young adult authors in the U.K. and U.S., similarities can be seen in certain types of pre-censorship and self-censorship. Further investigation is needed to determine if there are certain types of pre-censorship that are common to countries such as Canada and the U.S. that share a similar culture and language, and if so where do they originate. Further investigation is also needed to determine whether Canadian children’s and young adult books are being Americanized at the cost of Canadian culture or simply evolving into a more global literature.
Planetesimal formation by sweep-up: How the bouncing barrier can be beneficial to growth
Creators: name: Windmark, Fredrik
name: Birnstiel, Til
name: Güttler, Carsten
name: Blum, Jürgen
name: Dullemond, Cornelis P.
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of planetesimals is often accredited to collisional sticking of dust grains. The exact process is unknown, as collisions between larger aggregates tend to lead to fragmentation or bouncing rather than sticking. Recent laboratory experiments have however made great progress in the understanding and mapping of the complex physics involved in dust collisions. We want to study the possibility of planetesimal formation using the results from the latest laboratory experiments, particularly by including the fragmentation with mass transfer effect, which might lead to growth even at high impact velocities. We present a new experimentally and physically motivated dust collision model capable of predicting the outcome of a collision between two particles of arbitrary masses and velocities. It is used together with a continuum dust-size evolution code that is both fast in terms of execution time and able to resolve the dust well at all sizes, allowing for all types of interactions to be studied without biases. We find that for the general dust population, bouncing collisions prevent the growth above millimeter-sizes. However, if a small number of cm-sized particles are introduced, for example due to vertical mixing or radial drift, they can act as a catalyst and start to sweep up the smaller particles. At a distance of 3 AU, 100-meter-sized bodies are formed on a timescale of 1 Myr. We conclude that direct growth of planetesimals might be a possibility thanks to a combination of the existence of a bouncing barrier and the fragmentation with mass transfer effect. The bouncing barrier is here even beneficial, as it prevents the growth of too many large particles that would otherwise only fragment among each other, and creates a reservoir of small particles that can be swept up by larger bodies. However, for this process to work, a few seeds of cm in size or larger have to be introduced.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional file 2 of PyClone-VI: scalable inference of clonal population structures using whole genome data
Creators: name: Gillis, Sierra
name: Roth, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 2. Fig. S1: Comparison of PyClone and PyClone-VI with varying tumour content PDF file with figures showing the results of running PyClone and PyClone-VI with varying tumour content values. Data was simulated from the PyClone model with 4 samples, 100 mutations, a mean depth of 100 reads and copy number ranging from 1–4 copies. The same tumour content values were used for all 4 samples for each dataset. a V-measure as a function of the tumour content of the samples. b Mean absolute deviation of inferred CCF from truth as a function of the tumour content. c Runtime of the methods. d Memory usage.
Calculations of Electron Inelastic Mean Free Paths in Solids over the 10 eV to 200 keV Energy Range with the Relativistic Full Penn Algorithm
Creators: name: Shinotsuka, H
name: TANUMA, Shigeo
name: Powell, C. J.
name: Penn, D. R.
Publisher: name: National Institute for Materials Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: IMFP
relativistic full Penn algorithm
Fano Plot
relativistic modified Bethe equation
Mermin-type ELF

description: We have calculated IMFPs for 41 elemental solids and 30 semiconductors at equal energy intervals on a logarithmic scale corresponding to increments of 10% from 10 eV to 200 keV. These calculations were made with optical ELFs using the relativistic full Penn algorithm. Our calculated IMFPs could be fitted to a modified relativistic Bethe equation for inelastic scattering of electron in matter for energies from 50 eV to 200 keV.  The RMS deviation in these fits was 0.8% for the 41 elemental solids. The new IMFPs were also compared with IMFPs from the predictive TPP-2M equation that was modified to include relativistic effects; the average RMS deviation in these comparisons was 11.9% for the 41 elemental solids and for energies from 50 eV to 200 keV.
"Songs on the Waves" : a composition for flute, clarinet, trumpet, trombone and piano
Creators: name: Covey, Richard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: “Songs on the Waves” is a 20 – 21 minute chamber work for flute, clarinet, trumpet, trombone and piano. Each of the four movements draws upon a different specific Canadian maritime folksong, and uses different elements of the traditional music to create its linear, harmonic and textural components. In some instances, the folksongs also inspire the form of the movements, as well as the constituent large and small-scale musical structures. Primarily, the movements seek to capture the essence of the poetic expression found in the folksongs. This is achieved through compositional choices regarding form, harmonic language, gesture, instrumentation, and the integration of the traditional materials into each movement. The result is a unique piece of art music that adds to the tradition of folksong-inspired works in the contemporary literature.
Frequency domain winding number and interaction effect on topological insulators
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Dai, Xi
name: Xie, X. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of interactions on the time reversal invariant topological insulators in four and three spatial dimensions. Their topological indices are expressed by the interacting Green's functions. Under the local self-energy approximation, we find that interaction could induce nontrivial frequency-domain winding numbers and change the topological classes of the system. Our results suggest that the topological phases could be destroyed without developing long range orders. Practical issues on the accurate frequency-momentum integration combined with DMFT and diagrammatic calculations of the interacting Green's functions are also addressed.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
A bound on the mixing rate of 2d perfect fluid flows
Creators: name: Wirosoetisno, Djoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76B03, 76F25, 35B35

description: Using the $H^{-1}$ norm as a measure of mixing, we prove that 2d Euler flows on the torus mix passive scalars at most exponentially. The mixing rate is bounded linearly by the BMO norm of the vorticity (and thus by its $L^\infty$ norm). We also give an analogous bound on the growth rate of scalar gradients.
Additional file 1 of Linking household surveys and facility assessments: a comparison of geospatial methods using nationally representative data from Malawi
Creators: name: Peters, Michael A.
name: Diwakar Mohan
name: Naphini, Patrick
name: Carter, Emily
name: Marx, Melissa A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1:. Annex 1: Eligibility for Comparison Exercise Based on DHS Last Source of Family Planning. Legend: This table presents the number and percent of modern contraceptive users that are eligible for the study and those that are not, by last source of family planning method. It also demonstrates how a linkage was considered to be “appropriate”, when applicable.
Analysis of electron inelastic scattering in solids over wide energy range and its application to surface chemical analysis
Creators: name: TANUMA, Shigeo
Publisher: name: National Institute for Materials Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: electron inelastic scattering
energy loss function
relativistic modified Bethe equation
IMFP
EPES
MED
HAXPES

description: We have, then, calculated IMFPs for 41 elemental solids and 30 semiconductors from 10 eV to 200 keV. These calculations were made with optical energy-loss functions (ELFs) using the relativistic full Penn algorithm (FPA). The ELFs for semiconductors were obtained from first-principles calculations with the WIEN2K and FEFF codes from1 eV to 1 MeV. Our calculated IMFPs could be fitted to a modified relativistic Bethe equation for inelastic scattering of electron in matter for energies from 50 eV to 200 keV. The new IMFPs were also compared with IMFPs from the predictive TPP-2M equation that was modified to include relativistic effects. We will also show the mean escape depths of photoelectrons in wide energy range as an example of the applications of IMFPs.
Optimal Physical Multipoles
Creators: name: Baker, Charles
name: Anandakrishnan, Ramu
name: Onufriev, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Point multipole expansions are widely used to gain physical insight into complex distributions of charges and to reduce the cost of computing interactions between such distributions. However, practical applications that typically retain only a few leading terms may suffer from unacceptable loss of accuracy in the near-field. We propose an alternative approach for approximating electrostatic charge distributions, Optimal Physical Multipoles (OPMs), which optimally represent the original charge distribution with a set of point charges. By construction, approximation of electrostatic potential based on OPMs retains many of the useful properties of the corresponding point multipole expansion, including the same asymptotic behavior of the approximate potential for a given multipole order. At the same time, OPMs can be significantly more accurate in the near field: up to 5 times more accurate for some of the charge distributions tested here which are relevant to biomolecular modeling. Unlike point multipoles, for point charge distributions the OPM always converges to the original point charge distribution at finite order. Furthermore, OPMs may be more computationally efficient and easier to implement into existing molecular simulations software packages than approximation schemes based on point multipoles. In addition to providing a general framework for computing OPMs to any order, closed-form expressions for the lowest order OPMs (monopole and dipole) are derived. Thus, for some practical applications Optimal Physical Multipoles may represent a preferable alternative to point multipoles.
Valuation and hedging of the ruin-contingent life annuity (RCLA)
Creators: name: Huang, Huaxiong
name: Milevsky, Moshe A.
name: Salisbury, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper analyzes a novel type of mortality contingent-claim called a ruin-contingent life annuity (RCLA). This product fuses together a path-dependent equity put option with a "personal longevity" call option. The annuitant's (i.e. long position) payoff from a generic RCLA is \$1 of income per year for life, akin to a defined benefit pension, but deferred until a pre-specified financial diffusion process hits zero. We derive the PDE and relevant boundary conditions satisfied by the RCLA value (i.e. the hedging cost) assuming a complete market where No Arbitrage is possible. We then describe some efficient numerical techniques and provide estimates of a typical RCLA under a variety of realistic parameters. The motivation for studying the RCLA on a stand-alone basis is two-fold. First, it is implicitly embedded in approximately \$1 trillion worth of U.S. variable annuity (VA) policies; which have recently attracted scrutiny from financial analysts and regulators. Second, the U.S. administration - both Treasury and Department of Labor - have been encouraging Defined Contribution (401k) plans to offer stand-alone longevity insurance to participants, and we believe the RCLA would be an ideal and cost effective candidate for that job.
Additional file 2 of Linking household surveys and facility assessments: a comparison of geospatial methods using nationally representative data from Malawi
Creators: name: Peters, Michael A.
name: Diwakar Mohan
name: Naphini, Patrick
name: Carter, Emily
name: Marx, Melissa A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2:. Annex 2: GIS Methodologies. Legend: This document provides guidance on how to conduct the various linkages within a Geographic Information System. The authors hope that this will facilitate reproducibility and expand the use of these methods across settings.
Spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy and modeling of the nonthermal emission of the PWN in G0.9+0.1
Creators: name: Holler, M.
name: Schöck, F. M.
name: Eger, P.
name: Kießling, D.
name: Valerius, K.
name: Stegmann, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed a spatially resolved spectral X-ray study of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) in the supernova remnant G0.9+0.1. Furthermore we modeled its nonthermal emission in the X-ray and very high energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray regime. Using Chandra ACIS-S3 data, we investigated the east-west dependence of the spectral properties of G0.9+0.1 by calculating hardness ratios. We analyzed the EPIC-MOS and EPIC-pn data of two on-axis observations of the XMM-Newton telescope and extracted spectra of four annulus-shaped regions, centered on the region of brightest emission of the source. A radially symmetric leptonic model was applied in order to reproduce the observed X-ray emission of the inner part of the PWN. Using the optimized model parameter values obtained from the X-ray analysis, we then compared the modeled inverse Compton (IC) radiation with the published H.E.S.S. gamma-ray data. The spectral index within the four annuli increases with growing distance to the pulsar, whereas the surface brightness drops. With the adopted model we are able to reproduce the characteristics of the X-ray spectra. The model results for the VHE gamma radiation, however, strongly deviate from the H.E.S.S. data.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Interface induced giant magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroic superlattices
Creators: name: Wang, Hongwei
name: He, Lixin
name: Wu, Xifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric and magnetic properties of (BaTiO$_3$)$_n$/(CaMnO$_3$)$_n$ short-period superlattices are studied by the first-principles calculations. The local electric polarizations in the CaMnO$_3$ layers are significant, comparable to that in the BaTiO$_3$ layers. Remarkably, the electric polarization is almost doubled when the spin configuration changes from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic in the superlattices, indicating a giant magnetoelectric coupling. This enhancement of the magnetoelectric coupling is due to the suppression of the antiferrodistortive mode in the CaMnO$_3$ layers at the interfaces.
Phase Diagram of Two-dimensional Polarized Fermi Gas With Spin-Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaosen
name: Wan, Shaolong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground state of the two-dimensional polarized Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling and construct the phase diagram at zero temperature. We find there exist phase separation when the binding energy is low. As the binding energy increasing, the topological nontrivial superfluid phase coexist with topologically trivial superfluid phase which is topological phase separation. The spin-orbit coupling interaction enhance the triplet pairing and destabilize the phase separation against superfluid phase.
description: 4 pages, 11 figures
Probability calculations under the IAC hypothesis
Creators: name: Wilson, Mark C.
name: Pritchard, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 91B12, Secondary 52B

description: We show how powerful algorithms recently developed for counting lattice points and computing volumes of convex polyhedra can be used to compute probabilities of a wide variety of events of interest in social choice theory. Several illustrative examples are given.
description: 10 pages
Additional file 1 of Monitoring of noninvasive ventilation: comparative analysis of different strategies
Creators: name: Georges, Marjolaine
name: Rabec, Claudio
name: Monin, Elise
name: Aho, Serge
name: Beltramo, Guillaume
name: Janssens, Jean-Paul
name: Bonniaud, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Patient’s rating quality of sleep and ventilation assessed by St. Mary’s Hospital Questionnaire and eight visual analogic scales according to aetiological groups and objective efficacy of NIV.
The PreAmplifier ShAper for the ALICE TPC-Detector
Creators: name: Soltveit, H. K.
name: Stachel, J.
name: Braun-Munzinger, P.
name: Musa, L.
name: Gustafsson, H. A.
name: Bonnes, U.
name: Oeschler, H.
name: Osterman, L.
name: Lang, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the PreAmplifier ShAper (PASA) for the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) of the ALICE experiment at LHC is presented. The ALICE TPC PASA is an ASIC that integrates 16 identical channels, each consisting of Charge Sensitive Amplifiers (CSA) followed by a Pole-Zero network, self-adaptive bias network, two second-order bridged-T filters, two non-inverting level shifters and a start-up circuit. The circuit is optimized for a detector capacitance of 18-25 pF. For an input capacitance of 25 pF, the PASA features a conversion gain of 12.74 mV/fC, a peaking time of 160 ns, a FWHM of 190 ns, a power consumption of 11.65 mW/ch and an equivalent noise charge of 244e + 17e/pF. The circuit recovers smoothly to the baseline in about 600 ns. An integral non-linearity of 0.19% with an output swing of about 2.1 V is also achieved. The total area of the chip is 18 mm$^2$ and is implemented in AMS's C35B3C1 0.35 micron CMOS technology. Detailed characterization test were performed on about 48000 PASA circuits before mounting them on the ALICE TPC front-end cards. After more than two years of operation of the ALICE TPC with p-p and Pb-Pb collisions, the PASA has demonstrated to fulfill all requirements.
Discussion of "Calibrated Bayes, for Statistics in General, and Missing Data in Particular" by R. J. A. Little
Creators: name: Larsen, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discussion of "Calibrated Bayes, for Statistics in General, and Missing Data in Particular" by R. Little [arXiv:1108.1917]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-STS318B the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Strong-coupling dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensate in a double-well trap
Creators: name: Nesterenko, V. O.
name: Novikov, A. N.
name: Suraud, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics of the repulsive Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in a double-well trap is explored within the 3D time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The model avoids numerous common approximations (two-mode treatment, time-space factorization, fixed values of the chemical potential and barrier penetrability, etc) and thus provides a realistic description of BEC dynamics, including both weak-coupling (sub-barrier) and strong-coupling (above-barrier) regimes and their crossover. The strong coupling regime is achieved by increasing the number $N$ of BEC atoms and thus the chemical potential. The evolution with $N$ of Josephson oscillations (JO) and Macroscopic Quantum Self-Trapping (MQST) is examined and the crucial impact of the BEC interaction is demonstrated. At weak coupling, the calculations well reproduce the JO/MQST experimental data. At strong coupling, with a significant overlap of the left and right BECs, we observe a remarkable persistence of the Josephson-like dynamics: the JO and MQST converge to a high-frequency JO-like mode where both population imbalance and phase difference oscillate around the zero averages. The results open new avenues for BEC interferometry.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Quality of life of patients living with psoriasis: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Meneguin, Silmara
name: Godoy, Natália Aparecida De
name: Pollo, Camila Fernandes
name: Miot, Hélio Amante
name: Oliveira, Cesar De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Data collection instrument.pdf
Communicative regionalism and metropolitan growth management outcomes : a case study of three employment nodes in Burnaby --an inner suburb of Greater Vancouver
Creators: name: Tate, Laura Ellen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In North America, metropolitan growth management (MGM) has been significantly influenced by communicative regionalism. The latter is rooted in communicative planning theory, stressing dialogue and consensus in problem-solving. To explore the impact of communicative regionalism on actual growth management outcomes, this dissertation investigates a case study on the implementation of communicatively-informed regional plans in metropolitan or Greater Vancouver, Canada, as they have impacted three employment nodes in suburban Burnaby. The dissertation applied a three-part methodology, involving the collection of empirical outcome data, analysis of plan development against communicative planning criteria, and the critical application of an Actor Network Theory (ANT) lens to better examine relationships and interactions of key government agencies during MGM plan development and implementation. The analysis suggested mixed results for goal outcomes. Notably, it found that longstanding goals for attracting office employment to a designated Regional Town Centre were not achieved to the desired degree. In explaining results, the analysis supplied empirical evidence of recent critiques of communicative planning theory. Such results appear to support calls by other theorists for the development of a post-communicative approach to theory and practice. The dissertation recommends five areas of more concerted research in this regard. First, researchers interested in planning processes would be wise to make more in-depth explorations of the link between power and action. Second, the presence and degree of instability in any given network of actors participating in growth management can create constraints or opportunities for this process. The role of instability must be better reflected and appreciated in communicative and/or post-communicative regionalism. Third, there must be greater recognition of differentiated stakeholder consultation needs, and place-specific receptivities to consultation short cuts. Fourth, more detailed work is needed to develop best practices for the information-sharing aspects of growth management. Finally, there is value in examining further the roles and skills of various individuals playing a translation role (i.e., bridging interests between different stakeholders or groups). This translation role occurs in growth strategy development and other planning exercises, as a means of enabling both better information exchange and of facilitating the ongoing stakeholder involvement throughout the plan implementation phase.
Large spin-phonon coupling and magnetically-induced phonon anisotropy in Sr$M$O$_3$ perovskites ($M$=V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co)
Creators: name: Lee, Jun Hee
name: Rabe, Karin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations reveal large zone-center spin-phonon coupling and magnetically-driven phonon anisotropy in cubic perovskites Sr$M$O$_3$ ($M$=V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co). In particular, the frequency and splitting of the polar Slater mode is found to depend strongly on magnetic ordering. The coupling is parameterized in a crystal-structure-dependent Heisenberg model and its main features seen to arise from the Goodenough-Kanamori rules. This coupling can be expected to produce distinct low-energy alternative phases, resulting in a rich variety of coupled magnetic, structural and electronic phase transitions driven by temperature, stress, electric field and cation substitution.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables
Mean field description of the Dicke Model
Creators: name: Hirsch, Jorge G.
name: Castanos, Octavio
name: Lopez-Pena, Ramon
name: Nahmad-Achar, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mean field description of the Dicke model is presented, employing the Holstein-Primakoff realization of the angular momentum algebra. It is shown that, in the thermodynamic limit, when the number of atoms interacting with the photons goes to infinity the energy surface takes a simple form, allowing for a direct description of many observables.
description: To appear in the Proc. of FPP6 - Foundations of Probability and Physics-6 conference at Linnaeus University in V\"axj\"o, Sweden, June 13-16, 2011, American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings
Topological and geometric decomposition of nematic textures
Creators: name: Čopar, Simon
name: Žumer, Slobodan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Directional media, such as nematic liquid crystals and ferromagnets, are characterized by their topologically stabilized defects in directional order. In nematics, boundary conditions and surface-treated inclusions often create complex structures, which are difficult to classify. Topological charge of point defects in nematics has ambiguously defined sign and its additivity cannot be ensured when defects are observed separately. We demonstrate how the topological charge of complex defect structures can be determined by identifying and counting parts of the texture that satisfy simple geometric rules. We introduce a parameter called the defect rank and show that it corresponds to what is intuitively perceived as a point charge based on the properties of the director field. Finally, we discuss the role of free energy constraints in validity of the classification with the defect rank.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 3 of Anakinra treatment in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Kooistra, Emma J.
name: Waalders, Nicole J. B.
name: Grondman, Inge
name: Janssen, Nico A. F.
name: Nooijer, Aline H. De
name: Netea, Mihai G.
name: Veerdonk, Frank L. Van De
name: Ewalds, Esther
name: Hoeven, Johannes G. Van Der
name: Kox, Matthijs
name: Pickkers, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table 1. Description of data: Characteristics and clinical parameters at ICU admission and on alignment day for patients included in the inflammatory proteomics analysis. Data are presented as n (%) or median [IQR]. P values were calculated using Fisher’s exact tests and Mann–Whitney U tests.
Architectural Drawing of Proposed Road Signs, Three Village Garden Club, Richard Haviland Smythe, June 3, 1941
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Signs
Architectural drawings

description: This is a architectural drawing for a proposed road sign for or near the Three Village Garden Club. This drawing was drawn by architect Richard Haviland Smythe on June 3, 1941.
Additional file 6 of Anakinra treatment in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Kooistra, Emma J.
name: Waalders, Nicole J. B.
name: Grondman, Inge
name: Janssen, Nico A. F.
name: Nooijer, Aline H. De
name: Netea, Mihai G.
name: Veerdonk, Frank L. Van De
name: Ewalds, Esther
name: Hoeven, Johannes G. Van Der
name: Kox, Matthijs
name: Pickkers, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table 2. Description of data: Patient characteristics and clinical parameters at ICU admission and on alignment day in propensity score-matched groups. Data are presented as n (%) or median [IQR]. P values were calculated using Fisher’s exact tests and Mann–Whitney U tests.
Exploring the dust content of SDSS DR7 damped Lyman alpha systems at 2.15$\le z_{ab}< $5.2
Creators: name: Khare, Pushpa
name: Berk, Daniel Vanden
name: York, Donald G.
name: Lundgren, Britt
name: Kulkarni, Varsha P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied a sample of 1084 intervening absorption systems with 2.15$\le z_{ab}\le$5.2, having log(N$_{\rm HI}$) $>$ 20.0 in the spectra of QSOs in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release 7 (DR7), with the aim of understanding the nature and abundance of the dust and the chemical abundances in the DLA absorbers. Composite spectra were constructed for the full sample and several subsamples, chosen on the basis of absorber and QSO properties. Average extinction curves were obtained for the samples by comparing their geometric mean composite spectra with those of two samples of QSOs, matching in z$_{em}$ and i magnitude with the DLA sample, one sample without any absorbers along their lines of sight and the other without any DLAs along their lines of sight irrespective of the presence of other absorption systems. While the average reddening in the DLA sample is small, we find definite evidence for the presence of dust in subsamples based on absorber properties, in particular the strength of metal absorption lines. DLAs along lines of sight to QSOs which are not colour selected are found to be more dusty compared to those along the lines of sight to the more numerous colour selected QSOs. From these studies and from the strengths of absorption lines in the composite spectra, we conclude that $\le$ 10% of the DLAs in SDSS DR7 cause significant reddening, have stronger absorption lines and have higher abundances as compared to the rest of the sample. The rest of the sample shows little reddening. Due to the dominant color selection method used to target QSOs in the SDSS DR7, this fraction of 10% likely represents a lower limit for the global fraction of dusty DLAs at high-z.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. To appear in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Anakinra treatment in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Kooistra, Emma J.
name: Waalders, Nicole J. B.
name: Grondman, Inge
name: Janssen, Nico A. F.
name: Nooijer, Aline H. De
name: Netea, Mihai G.
name: Veerdonk, Frank L. Van De
name: Ewalds, Esther
name: Hoeven, Johannes G. Van Der
name: Kox, Matthijs
name: Pickkers, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional description of study methods.
Artist Agent: A Reinforcement Learning Approach to Automatic Stroke Generation in Oriental Ink Painting
Creators: name: Xie, Ning
name: Hachiya, Hirotaka
name: Sugiyama, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Oriental ink painting, called Sumi-e, is one of the most appealing painting styles that has attracted artists around the world. Major challenges in computer-based Sumi-e simulation are to abstract complex scene information and draw smooth and natural brush strokes. To automatically find such strokes, we propose to model the brush as a reinforcement learning agent, and learn desired brush-trajectories by maximizing the sum of rewards in the policy search framework. We also provide elaborate design of actions, states, and rewards tailored for a Sumi-e agent. The effectiveness of our proposed approach is demonstrated through simulated Sumi-e experiments.
description: ICML2012
title: FAU Human Rights Podcast #10: Wissenschaftsfreiheit - empirisch, politisch und als Menschenrecht
Creators: name: Krajewski, Markus
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 340

description: In Zeiten von Fakenews, Klima- und Coronaleugnern sowie der rasanten Zunahme der Bedeutung von Künstlicher Intelligenz ist neutrale und unabhängige Wissenschaft wichtiger denn je. Aber, wie steht es um die Wissenschaftsfreiheit weltweit? Welche Rolle hat die Wissenschaftsfreiheit politisch und als Menschenrecht? Katrin Kinzelbach, Professorin für Internationale Politik der Menschenrechte an der FAU hat diese Frage untersucht und den Academic Freedom Index entwickelt.
Additional file 5 of Anakinra treatment in critically ill COVID-19 patients: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Kooistra, Emma J.
name: Waalders, Nicole J. B.
name: Grondman, Inge
name: Janssen, Nico A. F.
name: Nooijer, Aline H. De
name: Netea, Mihai G.
name: Veerdonk, Frank L. Van De
name: Ewalds, Esther
name: Hoeven, Johannes G. Van Der
name: Kox, Matthijs
name: Pickkers, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Description of additional results.
The Cerenkov effect revisited: from swimming ducks to zero modes in gravitational analogs
Creators: name: Carusotto, Iacopo
name: Rousseaux, Germain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an interdisciplinary review of the generalized Cerenkov emission of radiation from uniformly moving sources in the different contexts of classical electromagnetism, superfluid hydrodynamics, and classical hydrodynamics. The details of each specific physical systems enter our theory via the dispersion law of the excitations. A geometrical recipe to obtain the emission patterns in both real and wavevector space from the geometrical shape of the dispersion law is discussed and applied to a number of cases of current experimental interest. Some consequences of these emission processes onto the stability of condensed-matter analogs of gravitational systems are finally illustrated.
description: Lecture Notes at the IX SIGRAV School on "Analogue Gravity" in Como, Italy from May 16th-21th, 2011
Filling the void in confined polymer nematics: phase transitions in a minimal model of dsDNA packing
Creators: name: Shin, Homin
name: Grason, Gregory M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired to understand the complex spectrum of space-filling organizations the dsDNA genome within the capsid of bacterial viruses, we study a minimal, coarse-grained model of single chains densely-packed into a finite spherical volume. We build the three basic elements of the model--i) the absence of chain ends ii) the tendency of parallel-strand alignment and iii) a preference of uniform areal density of chain segments--into a polymer nematic theory for confined chains. Given the geometric constraints of the problem, we show that axially symmetric packings fall into one of three topologies: the coaxial spool; the simple solenoid; and the twisted-solenoid. Among these, only the twisted-solenoid fills the volume without the presence of line-like disclinations, or voids, and are therefore generically preferred in the incompressible limit. An analysis of the thermodynamics behavior of this simple model reveals a rich behavior, a generic sequence of phases from the empty state for small container sizes, to the coaxial spool configuration at intermediate sizes, ultimately giving way, via a second-order, symmetry-breaking transition, to the twisted-solenoid structure above a critical sphere size.
description: 7 pages; 3 figures