cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Infarction After High-Dose Catecholamine Application—A Case Report From an Experimental Imaging Study
Creators: name: Beyhoff, Niklas
name: Lohr, David
name: Thiele, Arne
name: Foryst-Ludwig, Anna
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Schreiber, Laura M.
name: Kintscher, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: myocardial infarction
subject: catecholamines
subject: speckle tracking
subject: diffusion tensor imaging
subject: magnetic resonance imaging
subject: case report
subject: heart failure
subject: echocardiography
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Although heart failure following myocardial infarction (MI) represents a major health burden, underlying microstructural and functional changes remain incompletely understood. Here, we report on a case of unexpected MI after treatment with the catecholamine isoproterenol in an experimental imaging study in mice using different state-of-the-art imaging modalities. The decline in cardiac function was documented by ultrahigh-frequency echocardiography and speckle-tracking analyses. Myocardial microstructure was studied ex vivo at a spatial resolution of 100 x 100 x 100 mu m(3) using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) and histopathologic analyses. Two weeks after ISO treatment, the animal showed an apical aneurysm accompanied by reduced radial strain in corresponding segments and impaired global systolic function. DT-MRI revealed a loss of contractile fiber tracts together with a disarray of remaining fibers as corresponding microstructural correlates. This preclinical case report provides valuable insights into pathophysiology and morphologic-functional relations of heart failure following MI using emerging imaging technologies.
Supplementary Figures and Table from Modular footwear that partially offsets downhill or uphill grades minimizes the metabolic cost of human walking
Creators: name: Antonellis, Prokopios
name: Frederick, Cory M.
name: Gonabadi, Arash Mohammadzadeh
name: Malcolm, Philippe
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Walking on different grades becomes challenging on energetic and muscular levels compared to level walking. While it is not possible to eliminate the cost of raising or lowering the centre of mass (COM), it could be possible to minimize the cost of distal joints with shoes that offset downhill or uphill grades. We investigated the effects of shoe outsole geometry in 10 participants walking at 1 m s−1 on downhill, level and uphill grades. Level shoes minimized metabolic rate during level walking (Psecond-order effect Pinteraction effect = 0.023). Shoe inclination influenced (distal) ankle joint parameters, including soleus muscle activity, ankle moment and work rate, whereas treadmill grade influenced (whole-body) ground reaction force and COM work rate as well as (distal) ankle joint parameters including tibialis anterior and plantarflexor muscle activity, ankle moment and work rate. Similar modular footwear could be used to minimize joint loads or assist with walking on rolling terrain.
Evaluation of Staphylococcal Bacteriophage Sb-1 as an Adjunctive Agent to Antibiotics Against Rifampin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Tkhilaishvili, Tamta
name: Trampuz, Andrej
name: Gonzalez Moreno, Mercedes
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: rifampin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
subject: bacterial biofilm
subject: antibiotic–bacteriophage combination
subject: phage therapy
subject: synergism
subject: isothermal microcalorimetry
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Rifampin plays a crucial role in the treatment of staphylococcal implant-associated infection, as it is the only antibiotic capable of eradicating Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. However, the emergence of rifampin resistance strongly limits its use. Combinatorial therapy of antibiotics and bacteriophages may represent a strategy to overcome the resistance. Here, we evaluated the activity of staphylococcal bacteriophage Sb-1 in combination with different antibiotics against the biofilms of 10 rifampin-resistant S. aureus clinical strains, including MRSA and MSSA. S. aureus biofilms formed on porous glass beads were exposed to antibiotics alone or combined with Sb-1 simultaneously or staggered (first Sb-1 for 24 h followed by antibiotic). Recovered bacteria were detected by measuring growth-related heat production at 37°C (isothermal microcalorimetry) and the biofilm eradication was assessed by sonication of beads and plating of the resulting sonication fluid. Minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) was defined as the lowest concentration of antibiotic required to kill all adherent bacteria, resulting in absence of growth after plating the sonication fluid. Tested antibiotics presented high MBEC values when administered alone (64 to > 1,024 μg/ml). The simultaneous or staggered combination of Sb-1 with daptomycin showed the highest activity against all MRSA biofilms, whereas the exposure to Sb-1 with vancomycin showed no improved anti-biofilm activity. Staggered administration of Sb-1 and flucloxacillin, cefazolin, or fosfomycin improved the antibiofilm activity in four out of six MSSA, whereas simultaneous exposure exhibited similar or lesser synergy. In conclusion, the combinatorial effect of Sb-1 and antibiotics enabled to eradicate rifampin-resistant S. aureus biofilms in vitro.
The Non-Commutative λϕ^{4} Model
Creators: name: Bietenholz, W.
name: Hofheinz, F.
name: Nishimura, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent years, field theory on non-commutative (NC) spaces has attracted a lot of attention. Most literature on this subject deals with perturbation theory, although the latter runs into grave problems beyond one loop. Here we present results from a fully non-perturbative approach. In particular, we performed numerical simulations of the λϕ^{4} model with two NC spatial coordinates, and a commutative Euclidean time. This theory is lattice discretized and then mapped onto a matrix model. The simulation results reveal a phase diagram with various types of ordered phases. We discuss the suitable order parameters, as well as the spatial and temporal correlators. The dispersion relation clearly shows a trend towards the expected IR singularity. Its parameterization provides the tool to extract the continuum limit.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, talk presented at Workshop on Random Geometry, Krakow, 2003
Crematogaster Lund 1831
Creators: name: DE ALBUQUERQUE, EMÍLIA ZOPPAS
name: PRADO, LÍVIA PIRES DO
name: ANDRADE-SILVA, JOUDELLYS
name: DE SIQUEIRA, EMELY LAIARA SILVA
name: DA SILVA SAMPAIO, KELLY LIANE
name: ALVES, DIEGO
name: BRANDÃO, CARLOS ROBERTO FERREIRA
name: ANDRADE, PALOMA L.
name: FEITOSA, RODRIGO MACHADO
name: DE AZEVEDO KOCH, ELMO BORGES
name: DELABIE, JACQUES HUBERT CHARLES
name: FERNANDES, ITANNA
name: BACCARO, FABRÍCIO BEGGIATO
name: SOUZA, JORGE LUIZ PEREIRA
name: ALMEIDA, RONY PETERSON SANTOS
name: SILVA, ROGÉRIO R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Crematogaster

description: Crematogaster Lund, 1831
 Crematogaster abstinens Forel, 1899. Municipality unavailable [Longino, 2003]; Goianésia do Pará [CPDC]; Mojuí dos Campos [ANTWEB]; Novo Repartimento [CPDC]; Portel [Harada, 2016]; Santarém [ANTWEB].
 Crematogaster acuta (Fabricius, 1804). Municipality unavailable [Kempf, 1972c; Felizardo & Harada, 2007]; Jacareacanga [MZSP]; Moju [CPDC]; Novo Repartimento [CPDC]; Oriximiná [CPDC; Majer & Delabie, 1994]; Santarém [Vasconcelos et al., 2006].
 Crematogaster brasiliensis Mayr, 1878. Municipality unavailable [Forel, 1912c; Kempf, 1972c; Brandão, 1991; Longino, 2003; Felizardo & Harada, 2007]; Almeirim [DZUP; MZSP]; Belém [MZSP; Kempf, 1970]; Marituba [CPDC]; Melgaço [ANTWEB; INPA; MPEG; Souza et al., 2007]; Moju [CPDC]; Mojuí dos Campos [ANTWEB]; Novo Repartimento [CPDC]; Óbidos [MZSP]; Oriximiná [CPDC; MZSP]; Paragominas [CPDC; Solar et al., 2016b]; Parauapebas [ANTWEB]; Portel [Harada, 2016]; Prainha [ANTWEB]; Santarém [Vasconcelos et al., 2006]; Tucuruí [ANTWEB].
description: Published as part of DE ALBUQUERQUE, EMÍLIA ZOPPAS, PRADO, LÍVIA PIRES DO, ANDRADE-SILVA, JOUDELLYS, DE SIQUEIRA, EMELY LAIARA SILVA, DA SILVA SAMPAIO, KELLY LIANE, ALVES, DIEGO, BRANDÃO, CARLOS ROBERTO FERREIRA, ANDRADE, PALOMA L., FEITOSA, RODRIGO MACHADO, DE AZEVEDO KOCH, ELMO BORGES, DELABIE, JACQUES HUBERT CHARLES, FERNANDES, ITANNA, BACCARO, FABRÍCIO BEGGIATO, SOUZA, JORGE LUIZ PEREIRA, ALMEIDA, RONY PETERSON SANTOS & SILVA, ROGÉRIO R., 2021, Ants of the State of Pará, Brazil: a historical and comprehensive dataset of a key biodiversity hotspot in the Amazon Basin, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5001 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5001.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5122523
Recommendations for Patients with High Return to Sports Expectations after TKA Remain Controversial
Creators: name: Vu-Han, Tu-Lan
name: Gwinner, Clemens
name: Perka, Carsten
name: Hardt, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: total knee arthroplasty
subject: return to sports
subject: joint replacement
subject: physical activity
subject: TKA design
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: (1) Background: Improved surgical techniques and implants in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have led to broader indications for surgical interventions of osteoarthritis of the knee. There is a growing young and active patient subgroup with high return to sports (RTS) expectations after TKA. The current lack of evidence regarding RTS capacity in this patient cohort, requires the consolidation of experts' opinions and experiences to address the special needs among these patients. The aim of this study was to assess current expert opinions in regard to preoperative patient assessment, surgical technique and decision-making and patient counseling for these patients. (2) Methods: We performed a survey among surgeons specialized in arthroplasty with a questionnaire designed to assess current recommendations, surgical techniques, and implant preferences as well as patient counseling in patients with high expectations for RTS after TKA. (3) Results: The majority of surgeons are in favor of return to low-impact sports after TKA within 3 to 6 months. Some even recommend return to high-impact sports. Despite improvement of surgical techniques and implants, we observed no clear preference for a single surgical technique or implant specification in active patients. (4) Conclusions: Current evidence for sports-associated complications after TKA is scarce. Despite a growing array of surgical techniques and implants, the available literature is still controversial with no single surgical technique or TKA design distinguishing itself clearly from others. Surgeons' recommendations are mostly based on their experience and training. Nonetheless, we observed growing faith in modern implants with some surgeons even recommending high-impact sports after TKA.
Relativistic kinematic approach to the classical ideal gas
Creators: name: Ferrando, Joan Josep
name: Sáez, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: he necessary and sufficient conditions for a unit time-like vector field to be the unit velocity of a classical ideal gas are obtained. In a recent paper [Coll, Ferrando and Sáez, Phys. Rev D {\bf 99} (2019)] we have offered a purely hydrodynamic description of a classical ideal gas. Here we take one more step in reducing the number of variables necessary to characterize these media by showing that a plainly kinematic description can be obtained. We apply the results to obtain test solutions to the hydrodynamic equation that model the evolution in local thermal equilibrium of a classical ideal gas. \end{abstract}
description: 22 pages, no figures
Philometridae Baylis & Daubney 1926
Creators: name: Arai, Hisao P.
name: Smith, John W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Secernentea
Camallanida
Philometridae

description: Family PHILOMETRIDAE Baylis & Daubney, 1926
Family diagnosis (after Moravec 2013). Female body long. Head end rounded, peribuccal ring absent. Mouth simple, buccal capsule absent. Mouth opening usually surrounded by four to eight cephalic papillae. Males much smaller than females. Two equal or slightly unequal spicules; gubernaculum present or absent. Vulva and vagina more or less completely atrophied in gravid worms. Uterus amphidelphic. Viviparous. Parasitic in subcutaneous tissues, body cavity, serosa or blood vessels of fishes.
description: Published as part of Arai, Hisao P. & Smith, John W., 2016, Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda, pp. 1-274 in Zootaxa 4185 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/165530
Engineering NK Cells for CAR Therapy—Recent Advances in Gene Transfer Methodology
Creators: name: Schmidt, Paula
name: Raftery, Martin J.
name: Pecher, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: natural killer cells
subject: chimeric antigen receptor
subject: gene engineering
subject: transduce
subject: electroporation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has introduced a new and effective strategy to guide and promote the immune response against tumors in the clinic. More recently, in an attempt to enhance its utility, this method has been expanded to novel cell types. One of the more successful variants has proven to be the expression of CARs in Natural Killer (NK) cells (CAR-NK). Gene engineering NK cells to express an exogenous CAR receptor allows the innate anti-tumor ability of NK cells to be harnessed and directed against a target tumor antigen. In addition, the biology of NK cells allows the development of an allogeneic cell therapeutic product useable with most or all patient haplotypes. NK cells cause little or no graft versus host disease (GvHD) and are therefore suitable for development of an "off the shelf" therapeutic product. Initial trials have also shown that CAR-NK cells rarely cause cytokine release syndrome. However, despite their potential NK cells have proven to be difficult to engineer, with high sensitivity to apoptosis and low levels of gene expression. The creation of optimized methods to introduce genes into NK cells will promote the widespread application of CAR-NK in research laboratories and the clinics.
High-Resolution Spectroscopy of FUors
Creators: name: Herbig, G. H.
name: Petrov, P. P.
name: Duemmler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution spectroscopy was obtained of the FUors FU Ori and V1057 Cyg between 1995 and 2002 with SOFIN at NOT and with HIRES at Keck I. During those years FU Ori remained about 1 mag. (in B) below its 1938-39 maximum brightness, but V1057 Cyg (B ~ 10.5 at peak in 1970-71) faded from about 13.5 to 14.9 and then recovered slightly. Their photospheric spectra resemble a rotating G0 Ib supergiant, with v_eq sin i = 70 km/s for FU Ori and 55 km/s for V1057 Cyg. As V1057 Cyg faded, P Cyg structure in Halpha and the IR CaII lines strengthened and a complex shortward-displaced shell spectrum increased in strength, disappeared in 1999, and reappeared in 2001. Night-to-night changes in the wind structure of FU Ori show evidence of sporadic infall. The strength of P Cyg absorption varied cyclically with a period of 14.8 days, with phase stability maintained over 3 seasons, and is believed to be the rotation period. The structure of the photospheric lines also varies cyclically, but with a period of 3.54 days. A similar variation may be present in V1057 Cyg. As V1057 Cyg has faded, the emission lines of a pre-existing low-excitation chromosphere have emerged, so we believe the `line doubling' in V1057 Cyg is produced by these central emission cores in the absorption lines, not by orbital motion in an inclined Keplerian disk. No dependence of v_eq sin i on wavelength or excitation potential was detected in either star, again contrary to expectation for a self-luminous accretion disk. Nor are critical lines in the near infrared accounted for by synthetic disk spectra. A rapidly rotating star near the edge of stability (Larson 1980), can better explain these observations. FUor eruptions may not be a property of ordinary TTS, but may be confined to a special subspecies of rapid rotators having powerful quasi-permanent winds.
description: 41 pages (including 32 figures and 9 tables); ApJ, in press; author affiliation, figs. 3 and 9 corrected
Majorana bound states in nanowire-superconductor hybrid systems in periodic magnetic fields
Creators: name: Kornich, Viktoriia
name: Vavilov, Maxim G.
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Eriksson, M. A.
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how the shape of a periodic magnetic field affects the presence of Majorana bound states (MBS) in a nanowire-superconductor system. Motivated by the field configurations that can be produced by an array of nanomagnets, we consider spiral fields with an elliptic cross-section and fields with two sinusoidal components. We show that MBS are robust to imperfect helical magnetic fields. In particular, if the amplitude of one component is tuned to the value determined by the superconducting order parameter in the wire, the MBS can exist even if the second component has a much smaller amplitude. We also explore the effect of the chemical potential on the phase diagram. Our analysis is both numerical and analytical, with good agreement between the two methods.
A multi-wavelength search for a counterpart of the unidentified gamma-ray source 3EG J2020+4017 (2CG078+2)
Creators: name: Becker, Werner
name: Weisskopf, Martin C.
name: Arzoumanian, Zaven
name: Lorimer, Duncan
name: Camilo, Fernando
name: Elsner, Ronald F.
name: Kanbach, Gottfried
name: Reimer, Olaf
name: Swartz, Douglas A.
name: Tennant, Allyn F.
name: O'Dell, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In search of the counterpart to the brightest unidentified gamma-ray source 3EG J2020+4017 we report on new X-ray and radio observations of the gamma-Cygni field with the Chandra X-ray Observatory and with the Green Bank Telescope. We also report on reanalysis of archival ROSAT data. With Chandra it became possible for the first time to measure the position of the putative gamma-ray counterpart RX J2020.2+4026 with sub-arcsec accuracy and to deduce its X-ray spectral characteristics. These observations demonstrate that RX J2020.2+4026 is associated with a K field star and therefore is unlikely to be the counterpart of the bright gamma-ray source 2CG078+2 in the SNR G78.2+2.1 as had been previously suggested. The Chandra observation detected 37 additional X-ray sources which were correlated with catalogs of optical and infrared data. Subsequent GBT radio observations covered the complete 99% EGRET likelihood contour of 3EG J2020+4017 with a sensitivity limit of L_820 ~ 0.1 mJy kpc^2 which is lower than most of the recent deep radio search limits. If there is a pulsar operating in 3EG J2020+4017 this sensitivity limit suggests that the pulsar either does not produce significant amounts of radio emission or that its geometry is such that the radio beam does not intersect with the line of sight. Finally, reanalysis of archival ROSAT data leads to a flux upper limit of f_x < 1.8 x 10^-13 erg s^-1 cm^-2 for a putative point-like X-ray source located within the 68% confidence contour of 3EG J2020+4017. Adopting the SNR age of 5400 yrs and assuming a spin-down to X-ray energy conversion factor of 10^-4 this upper limit constrains the parameters of a putative neutron star as a counterpart for 3EG J2020+4017 to be P >= 160 (d/1.5 kpc)^-1 ms, P_dot >= 5 x 10^-13 (d/1.5 kpc)^-1 s s^-1 and B_perp >= 9 x 10^12 (d/1.5 kpc)^-1 G.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. A PDF version of the accepted paper with higher resolution images is available at ftp://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/people/web/gamma-Cygni
Oscillations of atomic fermions in a one dimensional optical lattice
Creators: name: Kennedy, T. A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A semiclassical model is used to investigate oscillations of atomic fermions in a combined magnetic trap and one dimensional optical lattice potential following axial displacement of the trap. The oscillations are shown to have a characteristic small amplitude, damped behavior in the collisionless regime. The presence of a separatrix in the semiclassical Brillouin zone phase space is predicted and shown to produce a strongly asymmetric phase space distribution function.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Stress field around arbitrarily shaped cracks in two-dimensional elastic materials
Creators: name: Bouchbinder, Eran
name: Mathiesen, Joachim
name: Procaccia, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calculation of the stress field around an arbitrarily shaped crack in an infinite two-dimensional elastic medium is a mathematically daunting problem. With the exception of few exactly soluble crack shapes the available results are based on either perturbative approaches or on combinations of analytic and numerical techniques. We present here a general solution of this problem for any arbitrary crack. Along the way we develop a method to compute the conformal map from the exterior of a circle to the exterior of a line of arbitrary shape, offering it as a superior alternative to the classical Schwartz-Cristoffel transformation. Our calculation results in an accurate estimate of the full stress field and in particular of the stress intensity factors K_I and K_{II} and the T-stress which are essential in the theory of fracture.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted for PRE
MOESM1 of A hybrid simulation model approach to examine bacterial genome sequencing during a hospital outbreak
Creators: name: Elliott, Thomas
name: Lee, Xing
name: Foeglein, Anna
name: Harris, Patrick
name: Gordon, Louisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Hospital mechanics and outbreak management sub-models. Table S1. Hospital entry (first ward) distribution of existing patients and new admission. Table S2. Number, proportion and ward length of stay estimates of the different ward pair combinations for existing patients. Table S3. Number, proportion and ward length of stay estimates of the different ward pair combinations for new admissions.
Control of excitable systems is optimal near criticality
Creators: name: Finlinson, Kathleen
name: Shew, Woodrow L.
name: Larremore, Daniel B.
name: Restrepo, Juan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments suggest that cerebral cortex gains several functional advantages by operating in a dynamical regime near the critical point of a phase transition. However, a long-standing criticism of this hypothesis is that critical dynamics are rather noisy, which might be detrimental to aspects of brain function that require precision. If the cortex does operate near criticality, how might it mitigate the noisy fluctuations? One possibility is that other parts of the brain may act to control the fluctuations and reduce cortical noise. To better understand this possibility, here we numerically and analytically study a network of binary neurons. We determine how efficacy of controlling the population firing rate depends on proximity to criticality as well as different structural properties of the network. We found that control is most effective - errors are minimal for the widest range of target firing rates - near criticality. Optimal control is slightly away from criticality for networks with heterogeneous degree distributions. Thus, while criticality is the noisiest dynamical regime, it is also the regime that is easiest to control, which may offer a way to mitigate the noise.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Frequent Pet Contact as Risk Factor for Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis in Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Grehn, Claudia
name: Eschenhagen, Patience
name: Temming, Svenja
name: Düesberg, Uta
name: Neumann, Konrad
name: Schwarz, Carsten
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aspergillus fumigatus
subject: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
subject: aspergillosis
subject: cat
subject: dog
subject: pet
subject: cystic fibrosis
subject: respiratory infection
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) frequently colonizes the respiratory tract of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Af is associated with loss of pulmonary function and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), a hypersensitivity fungal lung disease. Environmental factors have impact on CF patients' lung function variation. The aim of this nationwide questionnaire survey was to investigate the amount of CF patients with frequent pet contact including pet species and to examine the potential impact of frequent pet contact on the occurrence of Af colonization and ABPA diagnosis in these patients. The survey was carried out in 31 German CF centers in 2018. A total of 1232 who completed the surveys were included, and statistical analysis was performed by chi-squared test. Within the study cohort 49.8% of subjects (n = 614; CF patients < 18years: 49.4%, n = 234; ≥ 18years: 50.1%, n = 380) reported frequent contact to pets, of which 60.7% reported frequent contact to dogs, 42.3% to cats and other animals. Of those with frequent pet contact, 71.8% (n = 441) had contact to one pet or more pets from the same family. Af colonization was not significantly associated with frequent pet contact. ABPA diagnosis was documented in 16.7% (n = 206) of all included CF patients and was significantly associated with frequent pet contact (18.9%, n = 116, p = 0.042), confirming previous single center examinations. Particularly, patients with frequent contact to dogs showed an increased ABPA prevalence of 21.3%. Frequent pet contact might be a risk factor for ABPA. CF patients who are sensitized to Af should be informed about the increased risk to develop an ABPA by frequent pet contact. Patients with recurrent onset of ABPA should be evaluated in terms of frequent pet contact.
Microwave generation and frequency comb in a silicon optomechanical cavity with a full phononic bandgap
Creators: name: Mercadé, Laura
name: Martín, Leopoldo L.
name: Griol, Amadeu
name: Navarro-Urrios, Daniel
name: Martinez, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity optomechanics has become a powerful tool to manipulate mechanical motion via optical fields. When driving an optomechanical cavity with blue-detuned laser the mechanical motion is amplified, ultimately resulting in phonon lasing. In this work, we show that a silicon optomechanical crystal cavity can be used as an optoelectronic oscillator when driven to the phonon lasing condition. To this end, we use an optomechanical cavity designed to have a breathing-like mechanical mode vibrating at $Ω_{m}/2π=$3.897 GHz in a full phononic bandgap. Our measurements show that the first harmonic displays a phase noise of -100 dBc/Hz at 100 kHz, which is a considerable value for a free running oscillator. Stronger blue-detuned driving leads eventually to the formation of an optomechanical frequency comb, with lines spaced by the mechanical frequency. We also measure the phase noise for higher-order harmonics and show that, unlike in Brillouin oscillators, the noise is increased as corresponding to classical harmonic mixing. Finally, we present real-time measurements of the comb waveform and show that it can be adjusted to a theoretical model recently presented. Our results suggest that silicon optomechanical cavities could be relevant elements in microwave photonics and optical RF processing, in particular in disciplines requiring low-weight, compactness and fiber interconnection.
MOESM1 of Time trends for pulmonary embolism incidence in Greece
Creators: name: Raptis, Dimitrios
name: Gourgoulianis, Konstantinos
name: Daniil, Zoe
name: Malli, Foteini
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 : Figure S1 Incidence of pulmonary embolism in Greece from 1999 to 2008 (A) and 2009–2012 (B). Figure S2 Distribution of PE between the two genders during the periods 1999 to 2007. Figure S3 Percentage of PE cases in females (A) and males (B) throughout the years 1999 to 2007. Table S1 Number of deaths and Mortality from PE during the years 1999–2007
Significance of Medicinal Mushrooms in Integrative Oncology: A Narrative Review
Creators: name: Jeitler, Michael
name: Michalsen, Andreas
name: Frings, Daniela
name: Hübner, Marisa
name: Fischer, Moritz
name: Koppold-Liebscher, Daniela A.
name: Murthy, Vijay
name: Kessler, Christian S.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: medicinal mushrooms
subject: integrative oncology
subject: integrative medicine
subject: medicinal fungi
subject: complementary medicine
subject: Integrative medicine
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Medicinal mushrooms are widely used in East Asia for the treatment of various diseases, especially in complementary cancer care. While there is a growing interest in medicinal mushrooms in Western countries and an increasing number of pre-clinical studies indicate distinct anti-cancer and regenerative properties, little is known about their potential relevance for clinical practice. This review aims to provide an overview of the clinical evidence, significance and potential role of medicinal mushrooms in complementary cancer care. Scientific databases for (randomized) controlled clinical trials evaluating whole spectrum formulations of medicinal mushrooms (mushroom powder and mushroom extracts) in cancer patients during and/or after conventional oncological treatment were searched. Eight studies met our inclusion criteria (eight randomized controlled trials, one controlled clinical trial). The medicinal mushrooms investigated were Agaricus sylvaticus (two trials), Agaricus blazei murill (two trials), Antrodia cinnamomea (one trial), Coriolus versicolor (one trial) and Ganoderma lucidum (three trials); all were compared to placebo and administered orally. A variety of cancer entities, outcomes and treatment durations were observed. Study results suggested beneficial effects of medicinal mushrooms, particularly quality of life and reduction of adverse effects of conventional therapies. Also, positive effects on antitumor activity and immunomodulation were reported, e.g., an increased activity of natural killer cells. In addition, results might suggest a longer survival of cancer patients receiving mushroom preparations, although in most studies this was not significant when compared to placebo. Adverse events of treatment with medicinal mushrooms were poorly reported; gastrointestinal reactions and a decrease in platelet cell count occurred in some cases. The methodological quality of most studies was generally unsatisfying and most results were insufficiently reported in several respects. Medicinal mushrooms may have a therapeutic potential for cancer patients during and after conventional oncological care with regards to quality of life, reduction of adverse effects of conventional care and possibly other surrogate parameters like immune function. There is an urgent need to investigate the safety and possible interactions of medicinal mushrooms. High-quality clinical research is warranted in order to clarify the potential of medicinal mushrooms in cancer therapy.
Superadiabatic population transfer in a three-level superconducting circuit
Creators: name: Vepsäläinen, Antti
name: Danilin, Sergey
name: Paraoanu, Gheorghe Sorin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adiabatic manipulation of the quantum state is an essential tool in modern quantum information processing. Here we demonstrate the speed-up of the adiabatic population transfer in a three-level superconducting transmon circuit by suppressing the spurious non-adiabatic excitations with an additional two-photon microwave pulse. We apply this superadiabatic method to the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage, realizing fast and robust population transfer from the ground state to the second excited state of the quantum circuit.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures
Case Report: Apremilast for Therapy-Resistant Pemphigus Vulgaris
Creators: name: Meier, Katharina
name: Holstein, Julia
name: Solimani, Farzan
name: Waschke, Jens
name: Ghoreschi, Kamran
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: pemphigus vulgaris (PV)
subject: autoimmunity
subject: apremilast
subject: T follicular regulatory (Tfr) cell
subject: blistering disorders
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: In pemphigus, elucidating the disease-causing immune mechanism and developing new therapeutic strategies are needed. In this context, the second messenger 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is gaining attention. cAMP is important in hematological and auto-inflammatory disorders. A class of enzymes called phosphodiesterases (PDEs) control intracellular cAMP levels. In pemphigus, cAMP levels increase following IgG binding to Dsg3. This appears to be a mechanism to preserve epithelial integrity. Objectives: To determine whether apremilast, an inhibitor of the PDE4 normally used in psoriasis, may be of benefit in the blistering skin disorder pemphigus. Methods: Here we report of a 62 years old patient with chronic debilitating and recalcitrant pemphigus not responding to several previous treatments, who received treatment with apremilast over a period of 32 weeks. Desmoglein autoantibody levels were assessed by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), whereas disease severity and quality of life were assessed by the Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorder Intensity Score (ABSIS). In an attempt to explain the effects of apremilast in pemphigus, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were analyzed for the duration of treatment by flow cytometry for the distribution of specialized T cell subsets. The frequencies of circulating T helper (Th) 1, Th2, Th17, Th17.1 and T follicular helper (Tfh) 1, Tfh2, Tfh17, and Tfh17.1 were analyzed by CCR6, CXCR3, and CXCR5 expression of CD4(+) T cells. Further, based on the different expressions of CXCR5, CD127, and CD25, we analyzed the T regulatory (Treg) and T follicular regulatory (Tfreg) compartment. Results: In response to apremilast treatment, Dsg-specific autoantibody titers decreased, blistering ceased and lesions healed, showing a long-lasting effect. While the frequencies of most of the Th and Tfh cell subsets remained unchanged, we observed a continuous increase in Treg and Tfreg cell levels. Conclusion: Our findings are encouraging and warrant extension of the beneficial effect of PDE4 inhibition on a larger cohort of pemphigus patients.
Using spectroscopic data to disentangle stellar population properties
Creators: name: Cardiel, N.
name: Gorgas, J.
name: Sanchez-Blazquez, P.
name: Cenarro, A. J.
name: Pedraz, S.
name: Bruzual, G.
name: Klement, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that, when analyzed at the light of current synthesis model predictions, variations in the physical properties of single stellar populations (e.g. age, metallicity, initial mass function, element abundance ratios) may have a similar effect in their integrated spectral energy distributions. The confusion is even worsened when more realistic scenarios, i.e. composite star formation histories, are considered. This is, in fact, one of the major problems when facing the study of stellar populations in star clusters and galaxies. Typically, the observational efforts have been aimed to find the most appropriate spectroscopic indicators in order to avoid, as far as possible, degeneracies in the parameter space. However, from a practical point of view, the most suited observables are not, necessarily, those that provide more orthogonality in that parameter space, but those that give the best balance between parameter degeneracy and sensitivity to signal-to-noise ratio per Angstrom, SN_A. In order to achieve the minimum combined total error in the derived physical parameters, this work discusses how the functional dependence of typical line-strength indices and colors on SN_A allows to define a suitability parameter which helps to obtain better realistic combinations of spectroscopic data. As an example, we discuss in more detail the problem of breaking the well known age-metallicity degeneracy in relatively old stellar populations, comparing the suitability of different spectroscopic diagrams for a simple stellar population of solar metallicity and 12 Gyr old.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Simulating Dynamics of Circulation in the Awake State and Different Stages of Sleep Using Non-autonomous Mathematical Model With Time Delay
Creators: name: Karavaev, Anatoly S.
name: Ishbulatov, Yurii M.
name: Prokhorov, Mikhail D.
name: Ponomarenko, Vladimir I.
name: Kiselev, Anton R.
name: Runnova, Anastasiia E.
name: Hramkov, Alexey N.
name: Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya, Oxana V.
name: Kurths, Jürgen
name: Penzel, Thomas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: autonomic control
subject: cardio-vascular system
subject: mathematical modeling
subject: non-linear dynamics
subject: sleep studies
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: We propose a mathematical model of the human cardiovascular system. The model allows one to simulate the main heart rate, its variability under the influence of the autonomic nervous system, breathing process, and oscillations of blood pressure. For the first time, the model takes into account the activity of the cerebral cortex structures that modulate the autonomic control loops of blood circulation in the awake state and in various stages of sleep. The adequacy of the model is demonstrated by comparing its time series with experimental records of healthy subjects in the SIESTA database. The proposed model can become a useful tool for studying the characteristics of the cardiovascular system dynamics during sleep.
Metabolic Glycoengineering Enables the Ultrastructural Visualization of Sialic Acids in the Glycocalyx of the Alveolar Epithelial Cell Line hAELVi
Creators: name: Brandt, Raphael
name: Timm, Sara
name: Gorenflos López, Jacob L.
name: Kwame Abledu, Jubilant
name: Kuebler, Wolfgang M.
name: Hackenberger, Christian P. R.
name: Ochs, Matthias
name: Lopez-Rodriguez, Elena
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: alveolar epithelium
subject: bioorthogonal labeling
subject: electron microscopy
subject: glycocalyx
subject: hAELVi
subject: huAELVi
subject: metabolic glycoengineering
subject: sialic acid
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The glycocalyx-a plethora of sugars forming a dense layer that covers the cell membrane-is commonly found on the epithelial surface of lumen forming tissue. New glycocalyx specific properties have been defined for various organs in the last decade. However, in the lung alveolar epithelium, its structure and functions remain almost completely unexplored. This is partly due to the lack of physiologically relevant, cost effective in vitro models. As the glycocalyx is an essential but neglected part of the alveolar epithelial barrier, understanding its properties holds the promise to enhance the pulmonary administration of drugs and delivery of nanoparticles. Here, using air-liquid-interface (ALI) cell culture, we focus on combining metabolic glycoengineering with glycan specific electron and confocal microscopy to visualize the glycocalyx of a recently immortalized human alveolar epithelial cell line (hAELVi). For this purpose, we applied different bioorthogonal labeling approaches to visualize sialic acid-an amino sugar that provides negative charge to the lung epithelial glycocalyx-using both fluorescence and gold-nanoparticle labeling. Further, we compared mild chemical fixing/freeze substitution and standard cytochemical electron microscopy embedding protocols for their capacity of contrasting the glycocalyx. In our study, we established hAELVi cells as a convenient model for investigating human alveolar epithelial glycocalyx. Transmission electron microscopy revealed hAELVi cells to develop ultrastructural features reminiscent of alveolar epithelial type II cells (ATII). Further, we visualized extracellular uni- and multilamellar membranous structures in direct proximity to the glycocalyx at ultrastructural level, indicating putative interactions. The lamellar membranes were able to form structures of higher organization, and we report sialic acid to be present within those. In conclusion, combining metabolite specific glycoengineering with ultrastructural localization presents an innovative method with high potential to depict the molecular distribution of individual components of the alveolar epithelial glycocalyx and its interaction partners.
Mental Health Determinants Among a Psychiatric Outpatient Sample of Vietnamese Migrants in Germany
Creators: name: Wolf, Simon
name: Hahn, Eric
name: Wingenfeld, Katja
name: Nguyen, Main Huong
name: Poser, Anita Von
name: Nguyen, Thi Hoa
name: Hanewald, Bernd
name: Böge, Kerem
name: Bajbouj, Malek
name: Dettling, Michael
name: Nguyen, Van Tuan
name: Ta, Thi Minh Tam
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Vietnamese
subject: Germany
subject: migrants
subject: BSI-18
subject: mental health determinants
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Mental health risk-factors for Asian migrants have been studied almost exclusively in the US, Canada, and Australia but not in European countries. Therefore, we aimed to identify sociodemographic, clinical, and migration-surrounding factors associated with experienced mental distress among Vietnamese migrants in Germany. Method: 305 Vietnamese migrants utilizing Germany's first Vietnamese psychiatric outpatient clinic filled out at admission the Brief-Symptom-Inventory 18 (BSI-18) as well as a questionnaire on 22 potential mental health determinants. Using a multiple linear regression model, we identified those sociodemographic, clinical, and migration-surrounding factors that were significantly related to the Global Severity Index (GSI) of the BSI-18. Results: The factors unemployment (B = -6.32, p = 0.014), financial problems (B = -10.71, p < 0.001), no or only little religious involvement (B = -3.23, p = 0.002), no psychiatric precontact (B = -7.35, p = 0.004), previous migration experiences (B = 8.76, p = 0.002), and perceived discrimination (B = 6.58, p = 0.011) were found to significantly increase the level of mental distress according to the BSI-GSI. Conclusion: Based on these results, we were able to construct a mental health risk-profile for Vietnamese migrants in Germany, which aims to detect candidates for psychiatric problems earlier and supply them with customized prevention and therapy options.
CP violation in the partial width asymmetries for B^- -> pi^+ pi^- K^- and B^- -> K^+ K^- K^- decays
Creators: name: Fajfer, Svjetlana
name: Pham, Tri-Nang
name: Prapotnik, Anita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a possibility of observing CP asymmetries in the partial widths for the decays B^- -> pi^+ pi^- K^- and B^- -> K^+ K^- K^- produced by the interference of the non-resonant decay amplitude with the resonant amplitudes. The resonant states which subsequently decay into pi^+ pi^- and K^+ K^- or K^- pi^+ are charmonium c(bar) c states with J^P = 0^+, 1^-, 1^+ or the phi(1020) meson. We find that the largest partial width asymmetry comes from the chi_c0 resonance, while the resonances K^*_0(1430) and psi(2S) give a partial width asymmetry of the order 10%.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables, changed content
Transition between Macroscopic Steady Slippage and Creep Motion in a System with Velocity-Dependent Friction Stress
Creators: name: Suzuki, Takehito
name: Matsukawa, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74A55, 74B05

description: We investigate the propagation of a slip front in a visco-elastic body on a rigid substrate. The body is one-dimensional, and the loading stress is applied at one end. By employing a local friction law that has a quadratic form of the slip velocity and gives vanishing friction stress at vanishing velocity or above a certain velocity, we show analytically that macroscopic steady slippage and creep motion can be understood in a single framework. The critical values of the end-loading stress causing macroscopic steady slippage and the slip-front propagation velocity appear are obtained. These values are completely determined by the gradient of the slip velocity-friction curve at the vanishing friction stress. These results are extended to more general friction laws, and found to be consistent with numerical calculations. Furthermore, we discuss some seismological implications based on the analytical and numerical results.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1801.05771