cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adaptation and irreversibility in microevolution
Creators: name: Bo, Stefano
name: Mazzolini, Andrea
name: Celani, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Within the framework of population genetics we consider the evolution of an asexual haploid population under the effect of a rapidly varying natural selection (microevolution). We focus on the case in which the environment exerting selection changes stochastically. We derive the effective genotype and fitness dynamics on the slower time-scales at which the relevant genetic modifications take place. We find that, despite the fast environmental switches, the population manages to adapt on the fast time-scales yielding a finite positive contribution to the fitness. However, such contribution is balanced by the continuous loss in fitness due to the varying selection so that the statistics of the global fitness can be described neglecting the details of the fast environmental process. The occurrence of adaptation on fast time-scales would be undetectable if one were to consider only the effective genotype and fitness dynamics on the slow time-scales. We therefore propose an experimental observable to detect it.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures. Revised version
A Uniform Quantum Computing Model Based on Virtual Quantum Processors
Creators: name: Gesek, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.0; C.1.2; F.1.1; B.5.1

description: Quantum Computers, one fully realized, can represent an exponential boost in computing power. However, the computational power of the current quantum computers, referred to as Noisy Internediate Scale Quantum, or NISQ, is severely limited because of environmental and intrinsic noise, as well as the very low connectivity between qubits compared to their total amount. We propose a virtual quantum processor that emulates a generic hybrid quantum machine which can serve as a logical version of quantum computing hardware. This hybrid classical quantum machine powers quantum-logical computations which are substitutable by future native quantum processors.
description: IEEE peer reviewed, published September 2021
Pion Valence-quark Parton Distribution Function
Creators: name: Chang, Lei
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the Dyson-Schwinger equation formulation of QCD, a rainbow ladder truncation is used to calculate the pion valence-quark distribution function(PDF). The gap equation is renormalized at a typical hadronic scale, of order 0.5GeV, which is also set as the default initial scale for the pion PDF. We implement a corrected leading-order expression for the PDF which ensures that the valence-quarks carry all of the pion's light-front momentum at the initial scale. The scaling behavior of the pion PDF at a typical partonic scale of order 5.2GeV is found to be $(1-x)^ν$, with $ν\simeq 1.6$, as $x$ approaches one.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Risk of Fetal Death With Preeclampsia
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Umbach, David M.
name: Wilcox, Allen J.
name: Klungsøyr, Kari
name: Engel, Stephanie M.
name: Huang, Lisu
name: Skjærven, Rolv
name: Magnus, Per
name: Harmon, Quaker E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To estimate gestational-age-specific risks of fetal death in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia.
The expected anisotropy in solid inflation
Creators: name: Bartolo, Nicola
name: Peloso, Marco
name: Ricciardone, Angelo
name: Unal, Caner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid inflation is an effective field theory of inflation in which isotropy and homogeneity are accomplished via a specific combination of anisotropic sources (three scalar fields that individually break isotropy). This results in specific observational signatures that are not found in standard models of inflation: a non-trivial angular dependence for the squeezed bispectrum, and a possibly long period of anisotropic inflation (to drive inflation, the "solid" must be very insensitive to any deformation, and thus background anisotropies are very slowly erased). In this paper we compute the expected level of statistical anisotropy in the power spectrum of the curvature perturbations of this model. To do so, we account for the classical background values of the three scalar fields that are generated on large (superhorizon) scales during inflation via a random walk sum, as the perturbation modes leave the horizon. Such an anisotropy is unavoidably generated, even starting from perfectly isotropic classical initial conditions. The expected level of anisotropy is related to the duration of inflation and to the amplitude of the squeezed bispectrum. If this amplitude is close to its current observational limit (so that one of the most interesting predictions of the model can be observed in the near future), we find that a level of statistical anisotropy $\gtrsim 3\%$ in the power spectrum is to be expected, if inflation lasted $\gtrsim 20-30$ e-folds more than the final $50-60$ efolds required to generare the CMB modes. We also comment and point out various similarities between solid inflation and models of inflation where a suitable coupling of the inflaton to a vector kinetic term $F^{2}$ gives frozen and scale invariant vector perturbations on superhorizon scales.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Sustaining dry surfaces under water
Creators: name: Jones, Paul R.
name: Hao, Xiuqing
name: Cruz-Chu, Eduardo R.
name: Rykaczewski, Konrad
name: Nandy, Krishanu
name: Schutzius, Thomas M.
name: Varanasi, Kripa K.
name: Megaridis, Constantine M.
name: Walther, Jens H.
name: Koumoutsakos, Petros
name: Espinosa, Horacio D.
name: Patankar, Neelesh A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rough surfaces immersed under water remain practically dry if the liquid-solid contact is on roughness peaks, while the roughness valleys are filled with gas. Mechanisms that prevent water from invading the valleys are well studied. However, to remain practically dry under water, additional mechanisms need consideration. This is because trapped gas (e.g. air) in the roughness valleys can dissolve into the water pool, leading to invasion. Additionally, water vapor can also occupy the roughness valleys of immersed surfaces. If water vapor condenses, that too leads to invasion. These effects have not been investigated, and are critically important to maintain surfaces dry under water. In this work, we identify the critical roughness scale below which it is possible to sustain the vapor phase of water and/or trapped gases in roughness valleys - thus keeping the immersed surface dry. Theoretical predictions are consistent with molecular dynamics simulations and experiments.
description: Manuscript: 19 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Supplementary Information: 20 pages; 10 figures, 2 tables
title: Dr. iur. Werner Hausheer-Vetterli, 1894- 1970
title: Gedenkfeier anlässlich der Bestattung von Dr. iur. Werner Hausheer-Vetterli
titleType: Subtitle
title: Montag, den 9. Februar 1970 im Krematorium Sihlfeld in Zürich
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Karl
Publisher: name: [Steno-Verlag]
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Hausheer-Vetterli, Werner
subject: Zürich

description: Enthält: Eingangsworte und Abdankungsansprache von Pfarrer Dr. Karl Zimmermann
Trends and Patterns of Urodynamic Studies in U.S. Women, 2000–2012
Creators: name: Conover, Mitchell M.
name: Connolly, AnnaMarie
name: Kinlaw, Alan C.
name: Wu, Jennifer M.
name: Jonsson Funk, Michele
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To estimate utilization rates for cystometrograms and describe trends in urodynamic procedures among U.S. women from 2000 to 2012.
Confronting Electroweak Fine-tuning with No-Scale Supergravity
Creators: name: Leggett, Tristan
name: Li, Tianjun
name: Maxin, James A.
name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri V.
name: Walker, Joel W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying No-Scale Supergravity boundary conditions at a heavy unification scale to the Flipped $SU(5)$ grand unified theory with extra TeV-scale vector-like multiplets, $i.e.$ No-Scale ${\cal F}$-$SU(5)$, we express the $Z$-boson mass $M_Z$ as an explicit function of the boundary gaugino mass $M_{1/2}$, $M_Z^2 = M_Z^2 (M_{1/2}^2)$, with implicit dependence upon a dimensionless ratio $c$ of the supersymmetric Higgs mixing parameter $μ$ and $M_{1/2}$. Setting the top Yukawa coupling consistent with $m_t = 174.3$ GeV at $M_Z = 91.2$ GeV, the value of $c$ naturally tends toward $c \simeq 1$, which indirectly suggests underlying action of the Giudice-Masiero mechanism. Proportional dependence of all model scales upon the unified gaugino mass $M_{1/2}$ in the No-Scale ${\cal F}$-$SU(5)$ model suggests one possible mechanism of confronting the electroweak fine tuning problem.
description: Physics Letters B version; 8 Pages, 7 Figures, 1 Table
ALGORITHM FOR BUILDING A HYBRID MODEL OF THE EXISTING RISK MODEL
Creators: name: Aliyev, Vugar
name: Gasitashvili, Zurab
name: Pkhovelishvili, Merab
name: Archvadze, Natela
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: risk management
parallel data
prediction models
model improvement algorithm

description: Putting risk theory and risk modeling into practice is high on the agenda. We introduce a forecasting algorithm that can be used to forecast "predictive events" such as forecasting the risk of natural processes, as well as forecasting the risk of various processes of human activity. The article considers an algorithm for choosing the best pairs from event risk forecast models, which, using the precursors of these pairs, significantly reduces the risk of occurring of an event. For a given predictive event, the existing precursors of events are studied, on the basis of which a hybrid model is built.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MESTA-NESTOS RIVER RUNOFF MODULUS ON BULGARIAN AND GREEK TERRITORY
Creators: name: Bournaski, Emil
name: Ivanov, Ivan
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: Balkans
transboundary river
surface runoff
risk

description: The River Basin Management Plans and relevant Integrated Water Management of the transboundary river Mesta-Nestos between Bulgaria and Greece require sufficiently complete information about the water resources in the watershed and natural risk of expected climate change. The present study aims to present the surface runoff modulus (specific discharge as a characteristic of water resources) in the watershed based on measurements from 3 hydrometric stations on Bulgarian territory for the period 1935 2019 and 2 on Greek territory for the hydrological years 1965–1966 to 1989–1990. An attempt has been made for assessment of Climate Change impact on the Mesta-Nestos river runoff for years 2025, 2050 and 2100 based on two different scenarios HadCM2 and ECHM4. The results show an decrease in yearly specific discharge, both in the near future and in the longer time horizon compared to the reference period 1961-1990.
Uncertainties in the Deprojection of the Observed Bar Properties
Creators: name: Zou, Yanfei
name: Shen, Juntai
name: Li, Zhao-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In observations, it is important to deproject the two fundamental quantities characterizing a bar, i.e., its length ($a$) and ellipticity ($e$), to face-on values before any careful analyses. However, systematic estimation on the uncertainties of the commonly used deprojection methods is still lacking. Simulated galaxies are well suited in this study. We project two simulated barred galaxies onto a 2D plane with different bar orientations and disk inclination angles ($i$). Bar properties are measured and deprojected with the popular deprojection methods in the literature. Generally speaking, deprojection uncertainties increase with increasing $i$. All the deprojection methods behave badly when $i$ is larger than $60^\circ$, due to vertical thickness of the bar. Thus, future statistical studies of barred galaxies should exclude galaxies more inclined than $60^\circ$. At moderate inclination angles ($i\leq60^\circ$), 2D deprojection methods (analytical and image stretching) and Fourier-based methods (Fourier decomposition and bar-interbar contrast) perform reasonably well with uncertainties $\sim10\%$ in both the bar length and ellipticity. Whereas the uncertainties of the 1D analytical deprojection can be as high as $100\%$ in certain extreme case. We find that different bar measurement methods show systematic differences in the deprojection uncertainties. We further discuss the deprojection uncertainty factors with the emphasis on the most important one, i.e., the 3D structure of the bar itself. We construct two triaxial toy bar models that can qualitatively reproduce the results of the 1D and 2D analytical deprojections; they confirm that the vertical thickness of the bar is the main source of uncertainties.
description: 11 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Cryptanalysis of public-key cryptosystems that use subcodes of algebraic geometry codes
Creators: name: Couvreur, Alain
name: Márquez-Corbella, Irene
name: Pellikaan, Ruud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a polynomial time attack on the McEliece public key cryptosystem based on subcodes of algebraic geometry (AG) codes. The proposed attack reposes on the distinguishability of such codes from random codes using the Schur product. Wieschebrink treated the genus zero case a few years ago but his approach cannot be extent straightforwardly to other genera. We address this problem by introducing and using a new notion, which we call the t-closure of a code.
Additional file 12 of Genomic analysis of circular RNAs in heart
Creators: name: Kunzhe Dong
name: Xiangqin He
name: Huabo Su
name: Fulton, David J. R.
name: Zhou, Jiliang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 12. Figure S7. Correlation of expression between 24 the most abundant circRNAs and their host genes. (A) CircRNAs with expression significantly correlated with the expression of host genes (Pearson correlation, p < 0.05). (B) CircRNAs with expression independent of their host genes (Pearson correlation, p > 0.05).
Open charm production in the parton Reggeization approach: from Tevatron to LHC
Creators: name: Nefedov, Maxim
name: Karpishkov, Anton
name: Saleev, Vladimir
name: Shipilova, Alexandera
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the inclusive hadroproduction of D^0, D^+, D^star+, and D_s^+ mesons at leading order in the parton Reggeization approach endowed with universal fragmentation functions fitted to $e^+e^-$ annihilation data from CERN LEP1. We have described $D$-meson transverse momentum distributions measured in the central region of rapidity by the CDF Collaboration at Tevatron (|y|<1) and ALICE Collaboration at LHC (|y|<0.5) within uncertainties and without free parameters, using Kimber-Martin-Ryskin unintegrated gluon distribution function in a proton. The forward D-meson production (|y|>2.0) measured by the LHCb Collaboration also has been studied and expected disagreement between our theoretical predictions and data has been obtained.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
If time is a local observable, then Hawking radiation is unitary
Creators: name: Nikolic, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the usual formulation of quantum theory, time is a global classical evolution parameter, not a local quantum observable. On the other hand, both canonical quantum gravity (which lacks fundamental time-evolution parameter) and the principle of spacetime covariance (which insists that time should be treated on an equal footing with space) suggest that quantum theory should be slightly reformulated, in a manner that promotes time to a local observable. Such a reformulated quantum theory is unitary in a more general sense than the usual quantum theory. In particular, this promotes the non-unitary Hawking radiation to a unitary phenomenon, which avoids the black-hole information paradox.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publication in Int. J. Quantum Inf. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1101.2744
ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROLLING THE ONSET OF ANTHROPOGENIC PROCESSES IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT AREAS IN SEISMICALLY ACTIVE REGIONS
Creators: name: Aliev, Telman
name: Musaeva, Naila
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: control
seismically active regions
noise
noisy signal
cross-correlation function
correlation coefficient

description: It is noted that during changes in the geodetic state of urban development area, as well as the technical condition of the objects located there, the noisy signals coming from the corresponding sensors contain noise correlated with the useful signal. It is shown that the characteristics of the relationship between the useful signal and the noise are informative attributes of the beginning of anomalous natural phenomena, as well as changes in the stress-strain state of objects of the urban development complex. We have developed algorithms for calculating the estimates of the relay cross-correlation functions, normalized cross-correlation functions, as well as the correlation coefficient between the useful signal and the noise. It is noted that the use of the algorithms for calculating these characteristics in control systems allows detecting nascent anomalous processes, as well as defects of building structures at the initial latent stage and to prevent the possibility of accident situations.
The virial theorem with periodic boundary conditions
Creators: name: Maggs, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The virial theorem relates averages of kinetic energy and forces in confined systems. It is widely used to relate stresses in molecular simulation as measured at a boundary and in the interior of a system. In periodic systems, the theorem must be modified in order to produce useful results. We formulate the theorem so that it is valid for both confined and for periodic systems. We cross-check our formulation in a study of a small system using both Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations.
description: 4 figures
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF APPLYING MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN ENERGY EFFICIENT URBAN DEVELOPMENT (on the example of Karabakh region)
Creators: name: Nurmammad Mammadov
name: Akbarova, Samira
name: Feyzieva, Gulnar
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: urban planning
outdoor structures
thermal energy
energy efficiency
operating conditions
optimal control

description: Solving the problems of energy saving and efficient use of thermal energy in the construction industry is primarily associated with a number of insufficiently developed scientific and technical problems of urban planning, infrastructure, building thermal physics, such as thermal conductivity and humidity conditions of complex outdoor structures, heat resistance and general heat exchange of a room, air regime buildings, non-stationary joint heat, moisture and air exchange, as well as the durability of the external building envelope. Today, energy saving in urban planning, in the restoration of the destroyed cities and towns of Karabakh, as well as in their further operation, is increasingly relevant due to the high rate of construction of buildings for various purposes, with the deterioration of the environment, the rise in the cost of energy, material and labor resources. Today, world energy is one of the most powerful, actively functioning global systems that determines the most diverse aspects of the life of human society and largely determines the direction and pace of development of the world economy. The paper discusses the application of modern information technologies in solving issues of urban planning, construction and operation of buildings and structures in Karabakh.
ANALYSIS OF THE SPECIFICS OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY IN ASSESSING ECONOMIC RISKS
Creators: name: Dakhaeva, Fatima
name: Magomaev, Tamerlan
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: innovative activity
economic risks
natural resources
innovative projects
risk management

description: At present, increasing the efficiency of involving new technologies in economic circulation is impossible without analyzing the effectiveness of innovative activity. Considering the issue of innovation management, it is necessary not only to take into account the multi-level approach and positioning of the methodology of innovation analysis, depending on the adoption of economic decisions, but also to take into account the very nature of innovation as the basis for building valuation activities. A deterrent to the diffusion of innovations is the lack of methods for analyzing and improving the efficiency of innovative projects. Their development continues to be carried out largely without regard to the type and scale of technologies being introduced. The lack of an appropriate methodology leads to the fact that enterprises often refuse to introduce innovations due to the uncertainty of their final results.
APPLICATION OF KANIADAKIS κ -STATISTICS TO EXTREME WIND SPEED LOAD DISTRIBUTIONS
Creators: name: Bushinskaya, Anna
name: Timashev, Sviatoslav
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: Kaniadakis
κ-statistics
heavy-tailed distributions
black swan
dragon-king
wind speed
uncertainty

description: The article considers application of the Kaniadakis' κ-statistics [1-3] (non-extensive statistical mechanics) which introduced in 2001 in the framework of Einstein's special theory of relativity, to the analysis and adequate description of extreme wind loads. The κ-deformed Kaniadakis exponential function is used to introduce new classes of κ-deformed statistical versions of known distributions. These distributions coincide with the original ones with the exception that their κ-deformed tail follows the Pareto power law. This allows converting the original distributions into heavy-tailed distributions that more closely match the experimental data of mixed systems and systems operating under conditions of increased uncertainty. This allows, within the framework of known distributions of loads and impacts, to model above-standard stressors and analyze the near impossible to predict “Black Swan” and “Dragon-King” ultra-rare type of events with humongous consequences.
BALANCING TASTE AND SAFETY - THE ROLE OF FOOD ALLERGEN MANAGEMENT IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Food allergens
Allergen management
Food safety
Consumer trust
Regulatory compliance
Allergen labeling
Cross-contamination prevention

description: Food allergen management has evolved from a regulatory requirement to a strategic and consumer-driven imperative in the food industry. This systematic review explores the changing landscape of allergen management, emphasizing the growing influence of consumers, technological advancements, and industry-wide collaboration. Clear and accurate allergen labeling, real-time allergen detection technologies, and harmonized practices across the supply chain are central to this transformation. The evolving role of allergen management ensures not only regulatory compliance but also consumer trust, brand protection, and allergen safety. This article discusses the multifaceted aspects of allergen management, highlighting its pivotal role in achieving the delicate balance between taste and safety in the food industry.
 
Das Management von Lebensmittelallergenen hat sich von einer behördlichen Anforderung zu einer strategischen und verbraucherorientierten Notwendigkeit in der Lebensmittelindustrie entwickelt. Diese systematische Übersicht untersucht die sich verändernde Landschaft des Allergenmanagements und betont den wachsenden Einfluss der Verbraucher, den technologischen Fortschritt und die branchenweite Zusammenarbeit. Eine klare und genaue Allergenkennzeichnung, Technologien zur Erkennung von Allergenen in Echtzeit und harmonisierte Praktiken in der gesamten Lieferkette sind von zentraler Bedeutung für diesen Wandel. Die sich weiterentwickelnde Rolle des Allergenmanagements gewährleistet nicht nur die Einhaltung gesetzlicher Vorschriften, sondern auch das Vertrauen der Verbraucher, den Markenschutz und die Allergensicherheit. In diesem Artikel werden die vielfältigen Aspekte des Allergenmanagements erörtert und seine zentrale Rolle bei der Erreichung des empfindlichen Gleichgewichts zwischen Geschmack und Sicherheit in der Lebensmittelindustrie hervorgehoben.
Additional file 8 of Genomic analysis of circular RNAs in heart
Creators: name: Kunzhe Dong
name: Xiangqin He
name: Huabo Su
name: Fulton, David J. R.
name: Zhou, Jiliang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8. Figure S4. Relationship between numbers of circRNAs and exons of their host genes. (A) Schematic diagram of all the circRNAs originated from TTN and (B) RYR2 gene. Arrows point to the transcriptional directions of TTN and RYR2 genes. (C) The numbers of circRNAs increased proportionally with the numbers of exons per gene (binned to 10). (D) Distribution of exon numbers to produce circRNAs.
APPLICATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR PLANNING MEASURES TO PREVENT HAZARDOUS PRODUCTION FACILITIES ACCIDENTS
Creators: name: Sayali Alekperova
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: technological processes
productions safety
risk management
artificial intelligence
platform solutions

description: Hazardous production facilities operational safety is ensured by risk of emergency situations effective management, such as planning and implementing technical measures, namely safety and reliability measures. These measures are planned according to project specific hazards to prevent accidents and incidents on technological processes. The focus of such decisions should take into account the facilities life cycle stages and phases of beginning and amplification of probable emergency situations. This article discusses basics and results of application of artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies for planning measures to improve the reliability and ensure the safety of oil and gas production and transportation facilities during their full life cycle.
Dissipative phase transitions: Independent versus collective decay and spin squeezing
Creators: name: Lee, Tony E.
name: Chan, Ching-Kit
name: Yelin, Susanne F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the XY model with infinite-range interactions (Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model) in the presence of dissipation from spontaneous decay. We show that independent and collective decay lead to qualitatively different phase transitions of the steady state, even though the phase boundary is the same. Independent decay leads to a second-order phase transition to a ferromagnet, while collective decay leads to a first-order transition to a time-dependent oscillatory phase. Then we show that the addition of a drive leads to infinite spin squeezing for collective decay in the thermodynamic limit. Our results can be experimentally seen in trapped-ion and cavity-QED experiments.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
A SHORT REVIEW OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH IMPACTS OF GOLD MINING
Creators: name: Orlović-Leko, Palma
name: Farkaš, Branimir
name: Galić, Ivo
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: pollution
air
soil
water

description: Gold mining is attracting increasing attention in many countries of the world. On the other hand, this sector causes numerous environmental and human health issues. The main problems are associated with: (i) Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) with low pH values and high concentrations of heavy metals, (ii) using large quantities of hazardous chemicals such as mercury and cyanide and (iii) mining dust. Degree of the impact depends of the scale mining (small or large scale), type of mine (surface and underground) as well as of the chemical reagents that use in the production process. Modern technology has made it possible to reduce environmental impacts of mining activities. This brief review looks at the gold mining sector (industrial and artisanal) and its key impact on environmental as well as on health of workers and communities (residents who live in proximity to the mine).
Factor Analysis and Alternating Minimization
Creators: name: Finesso, Lorenzo
name: Spreij, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62E17, 93E12

description: In this paper we make a first attempt at understanding how to build an optimal approximate normal factor analysis model. The criterion we have chosen to evaluate the distance between different models is the I-divergence between the corresponding normal laws. The algorithm that we propose for the construction of the best approximation is of an the alternating minimization kind.
Two-step Nonnegative Matrix Factorization Algorithm for the Approximate Realization of Hidden Markov Models
Creators: name: Finesso, L.
name: Grassi, A.
name: Spreij, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93E03, 60J10

description: We propose a two-step algorithm for the construction of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) of assigned size, i.e. cardinality of the state space of the underlying Markov chain, whose $n$-dimensional distribution is closest in divergence to a given distribution. The algorithm is based on the factorization of a pseudo Hankel matrix, defined in terms of the given distribution, into the product of a tall and a wide nonnegative matrix. The implementation is based on the nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm. To evaluate the performance of our algorithm we produced some numerical simulations in the context of HMM order reduction.
description: presented at MTNS2010 - Budapest, July 2010
ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL OIL SPILLS AND ECONOMİC-ENVİRONMENTAL RISKS
Creators: name: Gafar Ismayilov
name: Hajar Ismayilova
name: Babirov, Hikmet
name: Jabrayilov, Rashid
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: environment
oil spills
ecological factor
eco-economic risks
probability
accidents

description: The article classifies oil spills in the environment related to accidents in oil production and transportation processes and proposes a new methodological approach for the assessment of environmental and economic risks for various oil spill cases. It was determined that although this risk is low in some cases, it is important to take into account the cases where the consequences are severe because of large-scale oil spills.
Additional file 15 of Genomic analysis of circular RNAs in heart
Creators: name: Kunzhe Dong
name: Xiangqin He
name: Huabo Su
name: Fulton, David J. R.
name: Zhou, Jiliang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 15. Figure S8. Original uncropped PCR gel picture (related to Fig. 5a)
Additional file 4 of Genomic analysis of circular RNAs in heart
Creators: name: Kunzhe Dong
name: Xiangqin He
name: Huabo Su
name: Fulton, David J. R.
name: Zhou, Jiliang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4. Figure S2. Validation of the public RNA-seq dataset. (A) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the 10 samples (5 normal and 5 DCM hearts) using expression of genes with raw count > 10 in at least 5 samples. (B) Expression of NPPA in normal and DCM hearts from the RNA-seq dataset. PFKM: Fragments Per Kilobase of exon per Million fragments mapped. *p < 0.05 (edgeR).
Approximate factor analysis model building via alternating I-divergence minimization
Creators: name: Finesso, Lorenzo
name: Spreij, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62H25, 62B10

description: Given a positive definite covariance matrix $\widehat Σ$, we strive to construct an optimal \emph{approximate} factor analysis model $HH^\top +D$, with $H$ having a prescribed number of columns and $D>0$ diagonal. The optimality criterion we minimize is the I-divergence between the corresponding normal laws. Lifting the problem into a properly chosen larger space enables us to derive an alternating minimization algorithm à la Csiszár-Tusnády for the construction of the best approximation. The convergence properties of the algorithm are studied, with special attention given to the case where $D$ is singular.
ASSESSMENT OF INDIVIDUAL SEISMIC RISK FOR THE POPULATION, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ACTUAL SEISMIC RESISTANCE OF BUILDINGS AND THE SEISMICITY OF SOILS
Creators: name: Nigmetov, Gennadiy
name: Savinov, Andrey
name: Nigmetov, Temir
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: earthquake
buildings
possible earthquake source

description: In preparation for a catastrophic earthquake, it is important to plan and implement timely organizational and technical measures to protect the population in the zone of possible destructive seismic impact. In order to quantitatively assess the level of earthquake hazard, the vulnerability of buildings and possible losses among the population, the integral value of individual seismic risk is proposed. For a reliable assessment of individual seismic risk, it is necessary to know the parameters of the possible earthquake source, the macroseismic field, the seismic resistance of buildings caught in the 6-point zone of seismic impact, the seismicity of soils at the base of buildings and possible human losses. The methods currently used to assess individual seismic risk are based on many years of statistical data. We propose an end-to-end calculation-experimental approach to estimate possible losses and individual risk based on actual data on hazard, seismicity and earthquake resistance.
Pinning Model with Heavy Tailed Disorder
Creators: name: Torri, Niccolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G57, 60G55, 82B44, 82D60

description: We study the so-called pinning model, which describes the behavior of a Markov chain interacting with a distinguished state. The interaction depends on an external source of randomness, called disorder, which can attract or repel the Markov chain path. We focus on the case when the disorder is heavy-tailed, with infinite mean, while the return times of the Markov chain have a stretched-exponential distribution. We prove that the set of times at which the Markov chain visits the distinguished state, suitably rescaled, converges in distribution to a limit set, which depends only on the disorder and on the interplay of the parameters. We also show that there exists a random threshold below which the limit set is trivial. As a byproduct of our techniques, we improve and complete a result of Auffinger and Louidor on the directed polymer in a random environment with heavy tailed disorder.
description: 25 pages, published by Stochastic Processes and their Applications, 2015
Application of the DRS4 Chip for GHz Waveform Digitizing Circuit
Creators: name: Yang, HaiBo
name: Su, Hong
name: Kong, Jie
name: Cheng, Ke
name: Chen, JinDa
name: Du, ChengMing
name: Zhang, JingZhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At present, fast waveform digitizing circuit is more and more employed in modern physics experiments for processing the signals from an array detector. A new fast waveform sampling digitizing circuit developed by us is presented in this paper. Different with the traditional waveform digitizing circuit constructed with analog to digital converter(ADC) or time to digital converter(TDC), it is developed based on domino ring sampler(DRS), a switched capacitor array(SCA) chip. A DRS4 chip is used as a core device in our circuit, which has a fast sampling rate up to five gigabit samples per second (GSPS). The circuit has advantages of high resolution, low cost, low power dissipation, high channel density and small size. The quite satisfactory results are acquired by the preliminary performance test of this circuit board. Eight channels can be provided by one board, which has a 1-volt input dynamic range for each channel. The circuit linearity is better than 0.1%, the noise is less than 0.5 mV (root mean square, RMS), and its time resolution is about 50ps. The several boards can be cascaded to construct a multi-board system. The good performances make the circuit board to be used not only for physics experiments, but also for other applications.
description: 12 pages,15 figures,pdf
Large deviations for Markov-modulated diffusion processes with rapid switching
Creators: name: Huang, Gang
name: Mandjes, Michel
name: Spreij, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60F17

description: In this paper, we study small noise asymptotics of Markov-modulated diffusion processes in the regime that the modulating Markov chain is rapidly switching. We prove the joint sample-path large deviations principle for the Markov-modulated diffusion process and the occupation measure of the Markov chain (which evidently also yields the large deviations principle for each of them separately by applying the contraction principle). The structure of the proof is such that we first prove exponential tightness, and then establish a local large deviations principle (where the latter part is split into proving the corresponding upper bound and lower bound).
ASSESSMENT OF TERRITORIAL MAN-CAUSED RISKS IN THE ARCTIC TERRITORIES USING PROBABILISTIC-GRAPHIC MODELS
Creators: name: Postnikova, Ulyana
name: Taseiko, Olga
name: Efremova, Inna
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: technogenic safety
territorial risk
Arctic territories
Bayesian networks

description: As a result of the work carried out, the main factors influencing on the formation of the technogenic load in the Arctic territories of the Krasnoyarsk Region were considered, taking into account natural and climatic features. On the basis of Bayesian networks, a methodology has been developed for assessing the probability of the occurrence of man-made hazards, followed by an assessment of the complex risk using the official statistics of the Russian Emergencies Ministry for the period 1996-2020. The obtained quantitative estimates made it possible to identify the main factors influencing on the formation of the man-made load in the Arctic territories.
ASSESSMENT OF INHALATION NON-CARCINOGENIC RISKS BASED ON EVOLUTIONARY MODELS ON THE EXAMPLE OF KRASNOYARSK
Creators: name: Kalimanova, Liubov
name: Taseiko, Olga
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: non-carcinogenic risk
chemicals
evolutionary models
atmosphere

description: The essence of the problem of the methodology for assessing non-carcinogenic risk is to assess the potential consequences for human health in different variants of previous and existing exposures in the future harmful factors. The article considers how atmospheric air pollution in Krasnoyarsk city affects human health.
Single- and Mixed-Phase TiO2 Powders Prepared by Excess-Hydrolysis of a Titanium Alkoxide
Creators: name: Hanaor, Dorian A. H.
name: Chironi, Ilkay
name: Karatchevtseva, Inna
name: Triani, Gerry
name: Sorrell, Charles C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate excess-hydrolysis of titanium alkoxides, TiO2 powders were fabricated from titanium-tetra-isopropoxide using 6:1 and 100:1 H2O:Ti (r) ratios. Powders were dried and fired at a range of temperatures ( up to 800 C). Hydroxylation and organic content in powders were characterised using ATR-FTIR, laser Raman microspectroscopy, and elemental microanalysis; surface area and pore size distribution were evaluated using N2 gas adsorption; phase composition was analysed using XRD and laser Raman microspectroscopy; and crystallite size was evaluated by XRD, TEM and SEM. Results showed near-complete hydrolysis in a predominantly aqueous medium (r = 100), resulting in precipitated crystalline powders exhibiting brookite and anatase, which begin to transform to rutile below 500 C. Powders precipitated in a predominantly organic medium (r = 6) underwent partial hydrolysis, were highly porous and exhibited an amorphous structure, with crystallisation of anatase occurring at 300 C and transformation to rutile beginning at 500 to 600C.
Additional file 11 of Genomic analysis of circular RNAs in heart
Creators: name: Kunzhe Dong
name: Xiangqin He
name: Huabo Su
name: Fulton, David J. R.
name: Zhou, Jiliang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 11. Figure S6. Comparison of the 2461 high-abundance circRNAs with reported human, mouse and rat circRNAs. (A) Three-set venn diagram showing the number of over-lapping circRNAs between the 2461 high-abundance circRNAs identified in this study, and 24,256 and 263,738 non-redundant circRNAs obtained by merging circRNAs reported by study of Werfel et al. (n = 16,427), Tan et al. (n = 15,303), and Van et al. (n = 8,878), as well as 4 circRNA datasets including circBase (n = 91,986), circBank (n = 140,331), circRNADB (n = 32,883), and CIRCpedia (n = 183,943). (B) Three-set venn diagram showing the number of over-lapping circRNAs between the 2461 high-abundance circRNAs identified in this study, and 61,174 and 20,450 reported mouse and rat circRNAs. The 61,174 non-redundant mouse circRNAs were obtained by merging circRNAs reported by study of Werfel et al. (n = 9474), Jakobi et al. (n = 561), and Tan et al. (n = 2632), as well as 2 circRNA databases including circBase (n = 1756) and CIRCpedia V2 (n = 54,274). The 20,450 non-redundant rat circRNAs were obtained by merging circRNAs reported by study of Werfel et al. (n = 12,256) and CIRCpedia V2 (n = 17,083).
Experimental demonstration of broadband Lorentz non-reciprocity in an integrable photonic architecture based on Mach-Zehnder modulators
Creators: name: Yang, Yisu
name: Galland, Christophe
name: Liu, Yang
name: Tan, Kang
name: Ding, Ran
name: Li, Qi
name: Burgman, Keren
name: Baehr-Jones, Tom
name: Hochberg, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the first active optical isolator and circulator implemented in a linear and reciprocal material platform using commercial Mach-Zehnder modulators. In a proof-of-principle experiment based on single-mode polarization-maintaining fibers, we achieve more than 12.5 dB isolation over an unprecedented 8.7 THz bandwidth at telecommunication wavelengths, with only 9.1 dB total insertion loss. Our architecture provides a practical answer to the challenge of non-reciprocal light routing in photonic integrated circuits.
description: include Appendix, 9 figures and 2 tables
ASSESSMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY OF OBJECTS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE TO THE IMPACTS OF HAZARDOUS NATURAL PROCESSES WITH A CLIMATIC FACTOR
Creators: name: Arefyeva, Elena
name: Alekseeva, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2022
Subjects: object of cultural heritage
historical built-up areas
climate change
karst
landslide processes
flooding
sustainability of objects

description: In the article, the authors propose an integrated approach to assessing the sustainability of cultural heritage objects under the influence of hazardous natural processes with a climatic factor. The approach is based on an integral indicator of the sustainability of a cultural heritage object, formed on the basis of three indicators (exposure to hazardous natural processes, physical condition and category of value of cultural heritage objects). This approach will make it possible to give a complex comprehensive assessment of a cultural heritage site and determine the weight of each factor in the formation of a common danger for such sites.