cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalised Factorial Moments and QCD Jets
Creators: name: Duloos, P.
name: Meunier, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: { In this paper we present a natural and comprehensive generalisation of the standard factorial moments ($\clFq$) analysis of a multiplicity distribution. The Generalised Factorial Moments are defined for all $q$ in the complex plane and, as far as the negative part of its spectrum is concerned, could be useful for the study of infrared structure of the Strong Interactions Theory of high energy interactions (LEP multiplicity distribution under the ${\cal Z}_0$). The QCD calculation of the Generalised Factorial Moments for negative $q$ is performed in the double leading log accuracy and is compared to OPAL experimental data. The role played by the infrared cut-off of the model is discussed and illustrated with a Monte Carlo calculation. }
description: 11pages 4 figures uuencode, LATEC, INLN 94/6
The Initial Mass Function of the Galactic Bulge Down to ~0.15 Msun
Creators: name: Zoccali, M.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: Frogel, J. A.
name: Gould, A.
name: Ortolani, S.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Stephens, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a luminosity function (LF) for lower main sequence stars in the Galactic bulge near (l,b)=(0,-6) to J=24, corresponding to M_J~9.3. This LF is derived from HST + NICMOS observations with the F110W and F160W filters. The main sequence locus in the infrared shows a strong change in slope at J~20.5 (M_J~5.75) which is well fit by new low mass models that include water and molecular hydrogen opacity. Our derived mass function (which is not corrected for binary companions) is the deepest measured to date in the bulge, and extends to 0.15 $M_\odot$ with a power law slope of $α=-1.33\pm0.07$; a Salpeter mass function would have $α=-2.35$. We also combine our J band LF with previously published data for the evolved stars to produce a bulge LF spanning ~15 magnitudes. We show that this mass function has negligible dependence on the adopted bulge metallicity and distance modulus. Although shallower than the Salpeter slope, the slope of the bulge IMF is steeper than that recently found for the Galactic disk ($α=-0.8$ and $α=-0.54$ from the data of Reid & Gizis, 1997, and Gould et al. 1997, respectively, in the same mass interval), but is virtually identical to the disk IMF derived by Kroupa et al. (1993). The bulge IMF is also quite similar to the mass functions derived for those globular clusters which are believed to have experienced little or no dynamical evolution. Finally, we derive the $M/L_J$ ratio of the bulge to be $\sim 0.9\pm0.1$ $M_\odot/L_\odot$, and briefly discuss the implications of this bulge IMF for the interpretation of the microlensing events observed in the direction of the Galactic bulge.
description: 43 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Energy evolution of J/$\mathbfψ$ production in DIS on nuclei
Creators: name: Gotsman, E.
name: Levin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show, that the $J/ψ$ production in DIS, is the main source of information about the events with two parton shower production. We attempt to develop our theoretical acumen of this process, to a level compatible with the theoretical description of inclusive DIS. We revisit the problem of the linear evolution equation for the double gluon densities, and include Bose-Einstein enhancement to these equations. We find that the Bose-Einstein correlations lead to an increase of the anomalous dimension, which turns out to be suppressed as $1/(N^2_c -1)^2$, in agreement with the estimates for the twist four anomalous dimension. We believe that understanding what happens to these contributions at ultra high energies, is a key question for an effective theory, based on high energy QCD. We derive the evolution equation for the scattering amplitude of two dipoles with a nucleus, taking into account the shadowing corrections, and investigate the analytical solutions in two distinct kinematic regions: deep in the saturation region, and in the vicinity of the saturation scale. The suggested non-linear evolution equation is a direct generalization of the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation, which has to be solved with the initial condition that depends on the saturation scale $Q_s(Y=Y_0,b)$. With the goal of finding a new small parameter, it is instructive to compare the solution of the non-linear equation with the qusi-classical approximation, in which in the initial condition we replace $Q_s(Y=Y_0,b)$ by $Q_s(Y,b)$. Our final result is that the shadowing corrections in the elastic amplitude generate the survival probability, which suppresses the growth of the amplitude with energy, caused by the Bose-Einstein enhancement.
description: 21pp. 8 figures in eps files
Additional file 1: of Using focused pharmacovigilance for ensuring patient safety against antileishmanial drugs in Bangladeshâ s National Kala-azar Elimination Programme
Creators: name: Md. Hossain
name: Amresh Kumar
name: A.F.M Hossain
name: Md. Mahshin
name: Abhijit Sharma
name: Varun Sharma
name: Rashidul Haque
name: A.K.M Shamsuzzaman
name: Shomik Maruf
name: Ghosh, Prakash
name: Ahuja, Vivek
name: Mondal, Dinesh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Multilingual abstracts in the five official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 834 kb)
Does magnetic pressure affect the ICM dynamics?
Creators: name: Goncalves, Denise R.
name: Friaca, Amancio C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A possible discrepancy found in the determination of mass from gravitational lensing data, and from X-rays observations, has been largely discussed in the latest years (for instance, Miralda-Escude & Babul (1995)). Another important discrepancy related to these data is that the dark matter is more centrally condensed than the X-ray-emitting gas, and also with respect to the galaxy distribution (Eyles et al. 1991). Could these discrepancies be consequence of the standard description of the ICM, in which it is assumed hydrostatic equilibrium maintained by thermal pressure? We follow the evolution of the ICM, considering a term of magnetic pressure, aiming at answering the question whether or not these discrepancies can be explained via non-thermal terms of pressure. Our results suggest that the magnetic pressure could only affect the dynamics of the ICM on scales as small as < 1kpc. Our models are constrained by the observations of large and small scale fields and we are successful at reproducing available data, for both Faraday rotation limits and inverse Compton limits for the magnetic fields. In our calculations the radius (from the cluster center) in which magnetic pressure reaches equipartition is smaller than radii derived in previous works, as a consequence of the more realistic treatment of the magnetic field geometry and the consideration of a sink term in the cooling flow.
description: 8 pages with 7 figures included. MNRAS accepted. Minor changes in the section of discussions and conclusions. Also available at http://www.iac.es/publicaciones/preprints.html
Control of surface potential at polar domain walls in a nonpolar oxide
Creators: name: Nataf, G. F.
name: Guennou, M.
name: Kreisel, J.
name: Hicher, P.
name: Haumont, R.
name: Aktas, O.
name: Salje, E. K. H.
name: Tortech, L.
name: Mathieu, C.
name: Martinotti, D.
name: Barrett, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferroic domain walls could play an important role in microelectronics, given their nanometric size and often distinct functional properties. Until now, devices and device concepts were mostly based on mobile domain walls in ferromagnetic and ferroelectric materials. A less explored path is to make use of polar domain walls in nonpolar ferroelastic materials. Indeed, while the polar character of ferroelastic domain walls has been demonstrated, polarization control has been elusive. Here, we report evidence for the electrostatic signature of the domain-wall polarization in nonpolar calcium titanate (CaTiO3). Macroscopic mechanical resonances excited by an ac electric field are observed as a signature of a piezoelectric response caused by polar walls. On the microscopic scale, the polarization in domain walls modifies the local surface potential of the sample. Through imaging of surface potential variations, we show that the potential at the domain wall can be controlled by electron injection. This could enable devices based on nondestructive information readout of surface potential.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Bar-driven Transport of Molecular Gas to Galactic Centers and Its Consequences
Creators: name: Sakamoto, K.
name: Okumura, S. K.
name: Ishizuki, S.
name: Scoville, N. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the characteristics of molecular gas in the central regions of spiral galaxies on the basis of our CO(J=1-0) imaging survey of 20 nearby spiral galaxies using the NRO and OVRO millimeter arrays. Condensations of molecular gas at galactic centers with sizescales < 1 kpc and CO-derived masses M_gas(R<500pc) = 10^8 - 10^9 M_sun are found to be prevalent in the gas-rich L^* galaxies. Moreover, the degree of gas concentration to the central kpc is found to be higher in barred systems than in unbarred galaxies. This is the first statistical evidence for the higher central concentration of molecular gas in barred galaxies, and it strongly supports the theory of bar-driven gas transport. It is most likely that more than half of molecular gas within the central kpc of a barred galaxy was transported there from outside by the bar. The supply of gas has exceeded the consumption of gas by star formation in the central kpc, resulting in the excess gas in the centers of barred systems. The mean rate of gas inflow is statistically estimated to be larger than 0.1 - 1 M_sun/yr. The correlation between gas properties in the central kpc and the type of nuclear spectrum (HII, LINER, or Seyfert) is investigated. A correlation is found in which galaxies with larger gas-to-dynamical mass ratios tend to have HII nuclear spectra, while galaxies with smaller ratios show spectra indicating AGN. Also, the theoretical prediction of bar-dissolution by condensation of gas to galactic centers is observationally tested. It is suggested that the timescale for bar dissolution is larger than 10^8 - 10^10 yr, or a bar in a L^* galaxy is not destroyed by a condensation of 10^8 - 10^9 M_sun gas in the central kpc.
description: AASTeX, 20 pages, 8 eps figs, ApJ in press (10 Nov. 1999 issue)
Additional file 1: of Achieving minimal disease activity in psoriatic arthritis predicts meaningful improvements in patientsâ health-related quality of life and productivity
Creators: name: Coates, Laura
name: Ana-Maria Orbai
name: Akimichi Morita
name: Benichou, Olivier
name: Kerr, Lisa
name: Adams, David
name: Shuler, Catherine
name: Birt, Julie
name: Helliwell, Philip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S1. SF-36 domain scores by MDA responder status, mean (SD) and p-values. (DOCX 15 kb)
Arca antiquata Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Arcoida
Arcidae
Arca
Arca antiquata

description: Arca antiquata [spec. nov.]
A. testa oblique cordata multisulcata sulcis muticis, natibus recurvis, margine crenato.
Bonan. recr. 2. t. 74.
Rumph. mus. t. 44. f. I.
Sloan. jam. t. 241. f. 14, 15, 16.
Gualt. test. t. 87. f. C.
Habitat in O. Americano.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 694, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Social Distancing using Computer vision
Creators: name: nand, Nitya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Computer Engineering

description: Social distancing may be an advised solution by the WHOto minimize the spread of COVID-19 publicly places. The proposedsystem uses the YOLOv3 object detection model toidentify people within the background and in-depth tracking ofidentified people with the help of binding boxes. The model results of YOLOv3 are compared toother popular modern models, e.g. CNN-based regionalspeed (convolution neural network) and single-shotdetector in terms of average accuracy, framesper second and loss values are defined by objectclassification and location. Later, the L2 line shown inpairwise is calculated based on the three-dimensionalfeature space obtained using links and therefore the size of thebinding box. In addition, thesystem will use existing CCTV cameras and IP cameras.combined with computer vision to detect people. We are using the YOLOv3 objectacquisition model and therefore the OpenCV image processing library
Starcounts Redivivus: III. A Possible Detection of the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy at b=-40
Creators: name: Majewski, S. R.
name: Siegel, M. H.
name: Kunkel, W. E.
name: Reid, I. N.
name: Johnston, K. V.
name: Thompson, I. B.
name: Landolt, A. U.
name: Palma, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of the Selected Areas Starcount Survey (SASS), a CCD survey to V>21, we have obtained VI photometry of two fields at b=+-40 aligned roughly with an extrapolation of the major axis of the Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Comparison of the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) for some of these fields to the CMDs of fields reflected about the Galactic l=0 meridian reveals an excess of stars at V_o=17.85 and 0.9 < (V-I)_o < 1.1 in the (l,b) = (11,-40) field. The excess stars have colors consistent with the Sgr red clump, and deeper CMD imaging in these locations shows evidence of a main-sequence turnoff at V=21 with the main-sequence extending to the limit of our data (V=24). The surface brightnesses we derive from either the potential excess of red clump stars or the apparent excess of MSTO stars are consistent with each other and with the results of other surveys at this latitude. No similar excess appears in our northern Galactic hemisphere fields near l=353, b=+41 field. We have obtained spectroscopy of all 30 candidate red clump stars in the range 0.9 < (V-I)_o < 1.1 and 17.75 < V_o < 17.95. The radial velocity distribution of the stars, while dissimilar from expectations of Galactic structure models, does not show a contribution by stars near the Galactocentric radial velocity seen in other studies near the Sgr core. It is difficult to reconcile a photometric result that is consistent with other explorations of the Sagittarius stream with a radial velocity distribution that is apparently inconsistent. In a companion paper (Johnston et al. 1999), we discuss how some of the discrepancies are resolved if ur potential Sgr detection corresponds to a different Sgr tidal streamer than that detected by most other surveys.
description: 26 pages, including 8 figures, accepted to Astronomical Journal
Cosmic Strings and Electroweak Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Brandenberger, R.
name: Davis, A. -C.
name: Trodden, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electroweak symmetry is unbroken in the core of cosmic strings originating from a symmetry breaking at an energy higher than the electroweak scale $η_{EW}$. The dynamics of such strings may generate a baryon asymmetry below the electroweak symmetry breaking scale. This mechanism for electroweak baryogenesis is most efficient if the scale of string formation is only slightly higher than $η_{EW}$ \eg \ in theories of dynamical symmetry breaking) and if the strings are superconducting. The mechanism is also effective if the electroweak phase transition is second order.
description: BROWN-HET-935 (February 1994), 17 pages, 1 figure (available as postscript file from the authors), uses phyzzx
Additional file 1: of User involvement in a Danish project on the empowerment of cancer patients – experiences and early recommendations for further practice
Creators: name: Jørgensen, Clara
name: Eskildsen, Nanna
name: Johnsen, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: GRIPP2 short form for the Empowerment Study. (DOCX 15 kb)
Double inverse nanotapers for efficient light coupling to integrated photonic devices
Creators: name: Liu, Junqiu
name: Raja, Arslan S.
name: Pfeiffer, Martin H. P.
name: Herkommer, Clemens
name: Guo, Hairun
name: Zervas, Michael
name: Geiselmann, Michael
name: Kippenberg, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient light coupling into integrated photonic devices is of key importance to a wide variety of applications. "Inverse nanotapers" are widely used, in which the waveguide width is reduced to match an incident mode. Here, we demonstrate novel, "double inverse" tapers, in which we taper both the waveguide height, as well as the width. We demonstrate that in comparison to regular inverse tapers, the double inverse tapers have excellent polarization-independent coupling. In addition, the optimum coupling is achieved with much larger taper dimension, enabling the use of photolithography instead of electron beam lithography, relevant for applications at near-IR and visible wavelengths. The low coupling loss makes them particularly suitable for nonlinear photonics, e.g. supercontinuum and soliton micro-comb generation.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Cooling neutron stars and superfluidity in their interiors
Creators: name: Yakovlev, D. G.
name: Levenfish, K. P.
name: Shibanov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the heat capacity and neutrino emission reactions (direct and modified Urca processes, nucleon-nucleon bremsstrahlung, Cooper pairing of nucleons) in matter of supranuclear density of the neutron star cores with superfluid neutrons and protons. Various superfluidity types are analysed (singlet-state pairing and two types of triplet-state pairing, without and with nodes of the gap at a nucleon Fermi surface). The results are used for cooling simulations of isolated neutron stars. Both, the standard cooling and the cooling enhanced by the direct Urca process, are strongly affected by nucleon superfluidity. Comparison of cooling theory of isolated neutron stars with observations of their thermal radiation may give stringent constraints on the critical temperatures of the neutron and proton superfluidities in the neutron star cores.
description: LaTeX, 85 pages, 23 figures, Physics - Uspekhi (accepted)
Supplemental material "Self-inducible modulations of resting theta band activity and its relevance for behavioral adaptation"
Creators: name: Mückschel, Moritz
name: Bluschke, Annet
name: Pscherer, Charlotte
name: Hoffmann, Sven
name: Beste, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Supplemental material "Self-inducible modulations of resting theta band activity and its relevance for behavioral adaptation"
Data Management Plan (DMP)
Creators: name: Taboada, Paloma
name: Bartolomé, Diego
name: Maza, Silvia De La
name: Milenkovic, Jovana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data Management Plan, Open Research Data Pilot.

description: The present report is focused on the preparation of the Data Management Plan (DMP) for Z- Bre4k project within Task 8.5. DMP provides an analysis of the main elements of the data management policy that will be used throughout the project with regard to all the datasets that will be generated. In particular, DMP will define which data will be collected and generated, how this data will be managed and shared by the project partners, and also, how this information will be updated and preserved during and after the project duration.
A Machine Learning Approach To Prevent Malicious Calls Over Telephony Networks
Creators: name: Li, Huichen
name: Xu, Xiaojun
name: Liu, Chang
name: Ren, Teng
name: Wu, Kun
name: Cao, Xuezhi
name: Zhang, Weinan
name: Yu, Yong
name: Song, Dawn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Malicious calls, i.e., telephony spams and scams, have been a long-standing challenging issue that causes billions of dollars of annual financial loss worldwide. This work presents the first machine learning-based solution without relying on any particular assumptions on the underlying telephony network infrastructures. The main challenge of this decade-long problem is that it is unclear how to construct effective features without the access to the telephony networks' infrastructures. We solve this problem by combining several innovations. We first develop a TouchPal user interface on top of a mobile App to allow users tagging malicious calls. This allows us to maintain a large-scale call log database. We then conduct a measurement study over three months of call logs, including 9 billion records. We design 29 features based on the results, so that machine learning algorithms can be used to predict malicious calls. We extensively evaluate different state-of-the-art machine learning approaches using the proposed features, and the results show that the best approach can reduce up to 90% unblocked malicious calls while maintaining a precision over 99.99% on the benign call traffic. The results also show the models are efficient to implement without incurring a significant latency overhead. We also conduct ablation analysis, which reveals that using 10 out of the 29 features can reach a performance comparable to using all features.
description: Accepted by 39th IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy
Additional file 1: of Real-world data reveal a diagnostic gap in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Creators: name: Alexander, Myriam
name: A. Loomis
name: Jolyon Fairburn-Beech
name: Lei, Johan Van Der
name: Talita Duarte-Salles
name: Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel
name: Ansell, David
name: Pasqua, Alessandro
name: Lapi, Francesco
name: Rijnbeek, Peter
name: Mosseveld, Mees
name: Avillach, Paul
name: Egger, Peter
name: Kendrick, Stuart
name: Waterworth, Dawn
name: Sattar, Naveed
name: Alazawi, William
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Characteristics of the primary-care databases included in the study. Figure S1. Identification of NAFLD patients in the IPCI database. Table S2. List of codes for the identification of NAFLD and description in ICD9CM, ICD10, Read Codes and SNOMEDCT US terminologies. Table S3. Number and proportion of patients with individual patient characteristic data available. Table S4. Point prevalence (95% CI) of NAFLD and NASH (per 100 persons) on 1 January of each calendar year in four primary-care databases, and pooled across databases. Table S5. One-year period prevalence (95% CI) of NAFLD (per 100 persons) on 1 January of each calendar year in four primary-care databases. Table S6. Point prevalence (95% CI) of NAFLD (per 1000 persons) by age categories and gender on 1 January 2015 in four primary-care databases. Table S7. Incidence estimates (95% CI) of NAFLD (per 1000 person-years) by calendar year in four primary-care databases, and pooled estimates across databases. Table S8. Incidence estimates (95% CI) of NAFLD (per 1000 person-years) in 2015 by age categories and gender in four primary-care databases. Figure S2. Pooled a prevalence (per 100 persons) and b incidence (per 1000 person-years) regressed over calendar year by meta-regression. Figure S3. Distribution of entry date for patients in the four databases. (DOCX 203 kb)
Design study of random spectrometers for applications at optical frequencies
Creators: name: Varytis, Paris
name: Huynh, Dan-Nha
name: Hartmann, Wladislaw
name: Pernice, Wolfram
name: Busch, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact spectrometers based on disordered planar waveguides exhibit a rather high resolution with a relatively small footprint as compared to conventional spectrometers. This is achieved by multiple scattering of light which - if properly engineered - significantly enhances the effective optical path length. Here a design study of random spectrometers for TE- and TM-polarized light is presented that combines the results of Mie theory, multiple-scattering theory and full electromagnetic simulations. It is shown that the performance of such random spectrometers depends on single scattering quantities, notably on the overall scattering efficiency and the asymmetry parameter. Further, the study shows that a well-developed diffusive regime is not required in practice and that a standard integrated-optical layout is sufficient to obtain efficient devices even for rather weakly scattering systems consisting of low index inclusions in high-index matrices such as pores in planar silicon-nitride based waveguides. This allows for both significant reductions in footprint with acceptable losses in resolution and for device operation in the visible and near-infrared frequency range.
The Radius and Entropy of a Magnetized, Rotating Fully-convective Star: Analysis With Depth-dependent Mixing Length Theories
Creators: name: Ireland, Lewis G.
name: Browning, Matthew K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some low-mass stars appear to have larger radii than predicted by standard 1D structure models; prior work has suggested that inefficient convective heat transport, due to rotation and/or magnetism, may ultimately be responsible. We examine this issue using 1D stellar models constructed using Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA). First, we consider standard models that do not explicitly include rotational/magnetic effects, with convective inhibition modeled by decreasing a depth-independent mixing length theory (MLT) parameter $α_{\text{MLT}}$ (following Cox et al. 1981; Chabrier et al. 2007). We provide formulae linking changes in $α_{\text{MLT}}$ to changes in the interior specific entropy, and hence to the stellar radius. Next, we modify the MLT formulation in MESA to mimic explicitly the influence of rotation and magnetism, using formulations suggested by Stevenson (1979) and MacDonald & Mullan (2014) respectively. We find rapid rotation in these models has a negligible impact on stellar structure, primarily because a star's adiabat, and hence its radius, is predominantly affected by layers near the surface; convection is rapid and largely uninfluenced by rotation there. Magnetic fields, if they influenced convective transport in the manner described by MacDonald & Mullan (2014), could lead to more noticeable radius inflation. Finally, we show that these non-standard effects on stellar structure can be fabricated using a depth-dependent $α_{\text{MLT}}$: a non-magnetic, non-rotating model can be produced that is virtually indistinguishable from one that explicitly parameterizes rotation and/or magnetism using the two formulations above. We provide formulae linking the radially-variable $α_{\text{MLT}}$ to these putative MLT reformulations.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Towards Understanding the Structure, Dynamics and Bio-activity of Diabetic Drug Metformin
Creators: name: Mondal, Sayantan
name: Samajdar, Rudra N
name: Mukherjee, Saumyak
name: Bhattacharyya, Aninda J
name: Bagchi, Biman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small molecules are often found to exhibit extraordinarily diverse biological activities. Metformin is one of them. It is widely used as anti-diabetic drug for type-two diabetes. In addition to that, metformin hydrochloride shows anti-tumour activities and increases the survival rate of patients suffering from certain types of cancer namely colorectal, breast, pancreas and prostate cancer. However, theoretical studies of structure and dynamics of metformin have not yet been fully explored. In this work, we investigate the characteristic structural and dynamical features of three mono-protonated forms of metformin hydrochloride with the help of experiments, quantum chemical calculations and atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. We validate our force field by comparing simulation results to that of the experimental findings. Nevertheless, we discover that the non-planar tautomeric form is the most stable. Metformin forms strong hydrogen bonds with surrounding water molecules and its solvation dynamics show unique features. Because of an extended positive charge distribution, metformin possesses features of being a permanent cationic partner toward several targets. We study its interaction and binding ability with DNA using UV spectroscopy, circular dichroism, fluorimetry and metadynamics simulation. We find a non-intercalating mode of interaction. Metformin feasibly forms a minor/major groove-bound state within a few tens of nanoseconds, preferably with AT rich domains. A significant decrease in the free-energy of binding is observed when it binds to a minor groove of DNA.
description: 60 pages, 24 figures
SLA-11 mutations are associated with litter size traits in Large White and Chinese DIV pigs
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuna
name: Yang, Jiahao
name: Wang, Lei
name: Li, Zhenzhu
name: Pang, Panfei
name: Li, Fenge
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Litter size is an important economic traits in pigs. SLA-11 gene is a member of SLA (swine leukocyte antigen) complex. In our previous study, the SLA-11 gene was differentially expressed in PMSG-hCG stimulated preovulatory ovarian follicles of Chinese Taihu and Large White sows. Here, we identified two mutations (c.754-132 T > C and c.1421 + 38 T > C) in SLA-11 gene and analyzed the associations of two SNPs with litter size traits in Large White (n = 263) and DIV (n = 117) sows. The results showed that in Large White pigs, SLA-11 c.754-132 CC sows produced 0.74 and 0.87 more pigs per litter for TNB and NBA of all parities than did TT sows (p < .05); In DIV pigs, SLA-11 c.754-132 CC sows produced 1.17 more pigs per litter for TNB of all parities than did TC sows (p < .05). In Large White pigs, SLA-11 c.1421 + 38 CC sows produced 0.9 more pigs per litter for TNB of all parities than did TT sows (p < .05), while in DIV pigs SLA-11 c.1421 + 38 CC sows produced 0.84 and 0.7 less pigs per litter for TNB and NBA of all parities than did TT sows (p < .05). Our research indicated that SLA-11 mutations were potential molecular markers for improving the litter size traits in pigs.
Additional file 2: of Role of gender in the treatment experiences of people with an eating disorder: a metasynthesis
Creators: name: Thapliyal, Priyanka
name: Hay, Phillipa
name: Conti, Janet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S2. Details of excluded papers for metasynthesis. (DOCX 50 kb)
Level Crossing Along Sphaleron Barriers
Creators: name: Kunz, Jutta
name: Brihaye, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the electroweak sector of the standard model topologically inequivalent vacua are separated by finite energy barriers, whose height is given by the sphale\-ron. For large values of the Higgs mass there exist several sphaleron solutions and the barriers are no longer symmetric. We construct paths of classical configurations from one vacuum to a neighbouring one and solve the fermion equations in the background field configurations along such paths, choosing the fermions of a doublet degenerate in mass. As in the case of light Higgs masses we observe the level crossing phenomenon also for large Higgs masses.
description: 17 pages, latex, 10 figures in uuencoded postscript files. THU-94/03
Nonconvex Proximal Incremental Aggregated Gradient Method with Linear Convergence
Creators: name: Peng, Wei
name: Zhang, Hui
name: Zhang, Xiaoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the proximal incremental aggregated gradient(PIAG) algorithm for minimizing the sum of L-smooth nonconvex component functions and a proper closed convex function. By exploiting the L-smooth property and with the help of an error bound condition, we can show that the PIAG method still enjoys some nice linear convergence properties even for nonconvex minimization. To illustrate this, we first demonstrate that the generated sequence globally converges to the stationary point set. Then, there exists a threshold such that the objective function value sequence and the iterate point sequence are R-linearly convergent when the stepsize is chosen below this threshold.
The Ising model coupled to 2d orders
Creators: name: Glaser, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we make first steps in coupling matter to causal set theory in the path integral. We explore the case of the Ising model coupled to the 2d discrete Einstein Hilbert action, restricted to the 2d orders. We probe the phase diagram in terms of the Wick rotation parameter \b{eta} and the Ising coupling j and find that the matter and the causal sets together give rise to an interesting phase structure. The couplings give rise to five different phases. The causal sets take on random or crystalline characteristics as described in [1] and the Ising model can be correlated or uncorrelated on the random ordes and correlated, uncorrelated or anti-correlated on the crystalline orders. We find that at least one new phase transition arises, in which the Ising spins push the causal set into the crystalline phase.
description: 25 pages, 28 figures
Arca senilis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Arcoida
Arcidae
Arca
Arca senilis

description: Arca senilis [spec. nov.]
A. testa oblique cordata octosulcata laevi, natibus recurvis, margine plicato.
List. conch. 3. B. s. 2. c. 1. t. 4.
Gualt. test. t. 87. f. D.
Klein. ostr. t. 10. f. 45.
Habitat ad Jamaicam.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 694, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Constraining the History of the Sagittarius Dwarf Galaxy Using Observations of its Tidal Debris
Creators: name: Johnston, K. V.
name: Majewski, S. R.
name: Siegel, M. H.
name: Reid, I. N.
name: Kunkel, W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparison of semi-analytic models of the phase-space structure of tidal debris with observations of stars associated with the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy (Sgr). We find that many features in the data can be explained by these models. The properties of stars 10-15 degrees away from the center of Sgr --- in particular, the orientation of material perpendicular to Sgr's orbit (c.f. Alard 1996) and the kink in the velocity gradient (Ibata et al 1997) --- are consistent with those expected for unbound material stripped during the most recent pericentric passage ~50 Myrs ago. The break in the slope of the surface density seen by Mateo, Olszewski & Morrison (1998) at ~ b=-35 can be understood as marking the end of this material. However, the detections beyond this point are unlikely to represent debris in a trailing streamer, torn from Sgr during the immediately preceding passage ~0.7 Gyrs ago, but are more plausibly explained by a leading streamer of material that was lost more that 1 Gyr ago and has wrapped all the way around the Galaxy. The observations reported in Majewski et al (1999) also support this hypothesis. We determine debris models with these properties on orbits that are consistent with the currently known positions and velocities of Sgr in Galactic potentials with halo components that have circular velocities v_circ=140-200 km/s. The best match to the data is obtained in models where Sgr currently has a mass of ~10^9 M_sun and has orbited the Galaxy for at least the last 1 Gyr, during which time it has reduced its mass by a factor of 2-3, or luminosity by an amount equivalent to ~10% of the total luminosity of the Galactic halo. These numbers suggest that Sgr is rapidly disrupting and unlikely to survive beyond a few more pericentric passages.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, accepted to Astronomical Journal
Systematic parameter study of dynamo bifurcations in geodynamo simulations
Creators: name: Petitdemange, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of the dynamo bifurcation in a configuration applicable to the Earth's liquid outer core. Numerical studies on the stability domain of dipolar magnetic fields found a dichotomy between non-reversing dipole-dominated dynamos and the reversing non-dipole-dominated multipolar solutions. We show that, by considering weak initial fields, the above transition disappears and is replaced by a region of bistability. Such a result was also observed in models with free-slip boundaries in which the geostrophic zonal flow can develop and participate to the dynamo mechanism for non-dipolar fields. We show that a similar process develops in no-slip models when viscous effects are reduced sufficiently. The following three regimes are distinguished: (i) Close to the onset of convection ($Ra_c$) with only the most critical convective mode (wave number) being present, dynamos set in supercritically and are dipole-dominated. (ii) in the range $310)$, the relative importance of zonal flows increases with $Ra$ in non-magnetic models. The field topology depends on the magnitude of the initial magnetic field. The dipolar branch has a subcritical behavior whereas the multipolar branch has a supercritical behavior. By approaching more realistic parameters, the extension of this bistable regime increases. A hysteretic behavior questions the common interpretation for geomagnetic reversals. Far above the dynamo threshold (by increasing the magnetic Prandtl number), Lorentz forces contribute to the first order force balance, as predicted for planetary dynamos. When $Ra$ is sufficiently high, dipolar fields affect significantly the flow speed, the flow structure and heat transfer which is reduced by the Lorentz force regardless of the field strength.
Supersymmetric Singlet Majorons and Cosmology
Creators: name: Chun, E. J.
name: Kim, H. B.
name: Lukas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine cosmological constraints on the lepton number breaking scale in supersymmetric singlet majoron models. Special attention is drawn to the model dependence arising from the particular choice of a certain majoron extension and a cosmological scenario. We find that the bounds on the symmetry breaking scale can vary substantially. Large values of this scale can be allowed if the decoupling temperature of smajoron and majorino exceeds the reheating temperature of inflation. In the opposite case an upper bound depending on the majoron model can be obtained which, however, is unlikely to be much larger than $10^{10}$ GeV.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, IC/94/40, SNUTP 94-15, TUM - TH - 164/94
Die Bedürfnisbefriedigung im Verwahrungsvollzug: Methodisches Handeln der Sozialen Arbeit im Justizvollzug – zwischen Zwangskontext und Bedürfnisbefriedigung
Creators: name: Egli, Fiona
name: Handschin, Gioia
name: Hofmann, Laura
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Die Bachelorarbeit mit dem Titel «die Bedürfnisbefriedigung im Verwahrungsvollzug» befasst sich mit Menschen in der Verwahrung und deren Bedürfnissen. Mit dieser Literaturarbeit soll die Fragestellung beantwortet werden, wie die Soziale Arbeit unter den Rahmenbedingungen des Justizvollzugs zur Bedürfnisbefriedigung beitragen kann.

 Menschen in der Verwahrung werden präventiv eingesperrt, da von einer hohen Rückfallgefahr ausgegangen wird. Durch die eingeschränkte Teilhabe an der Gesellschaft ist die Bedürfnisbefriedigung beeinträchtigt. Die Soziale Arbeit bewegt sich im Justizvollzug im Zwangskontext, welcher durch die vorgegebenen Rahmenbedingungen das Handlungsfeld limitiert. Die daraus resultierenden Herausforderungen für Betroffene und Fachpersonen werden aufgegriffen.

Um zu verstehen, wie der Schweizer Justizvollzug aufgebaut ist, haben sich F. Egli, G. Handschin und L. Hofmann intensiv damit auseinandergesetzt, wobei das oberste Ziel die Resozialisierung ist. Dies schlägt sich auf den Auftrag der Sozialen Arbeit nieder. Besonders bei Menschen in der Verwahrung ist die Chance auf Resozialisierung gering, was die Fachpersonen vor ein Dilemma stellt.

Zur Eruierung der Bedürfnisse von Betroffenen wurden zwei Studien beigezogen. Es wurde ersichtlich, dass sich insbesondere die Ungewissheit und Aussichtslosigkeit negativ auf die Bedürfnisbefriedigung auswirken. Zudem erfahren Betroffene oft wenig Abwechslung und Raum für Selbstbestimmung. 

Damit die Beratung zur Ressource werden kann, muss sich die Soziale Arbeit an diversen Methoden bedienen. Dabei muss die Gesprächsgestaltung flexibel gewählt werden. Denn wie die Menschen in der Verwahrung sind auch ihre Bedürfnisse unterschiedlich.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basa + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialarbeit, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202401
MILF: Methodologies for Independence between Loss Functions
Creators: name: Garcia, Jose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: The visualization of e-business has studied operating systems, and current trends suggest that the construction of multi-processors will soon emerge. In our research, we disconfirm the practical unification of forward-error correction and sensor networks, which embodies the technical principles of cryptography [11]. We better understand how XML can be applied to the emulation of RPCs.
Empowering 'Linguistic have-nots': Empowering  'Linguistic have-nots' in the interests of faster  economic, social and cultural progress and development  across cultures and societies
Creators: name: Rao Mandavilli, Sujay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This paper seeks to further the aims and goals of our ‘Globalization of science” movement at least indirectly, if not directly. This is sought to be achieved by empowering ‘linguistic have-nots’ so that their economic performance can be improved, and their social and cultural development can be aided. We begin this paper with an overview of the field of linguistics, milestones in its development, and its various branches and areas of specialization. We also recapitulate theories on the origin of language, (including our Epochal polygenesis approach) and summarize the essence of our papers on language dynamics. We also review the essentials and basic concepts of linguistic ethnography, first language and second language acquisition theories, and the various downstream uses and limitations of, linguistic ethnography, and the lexical development of languages. We also review linguistic acculturation and enculturation theories, and review how technology, particularly more recently developed technology, can be used to increase linguistic fluency and proficiency and bridge the gap between linguistics haves and linguistic have-nots. We also review various theories in the field of pedagogy, and discuss the approaches developed by different countries to enhance their students’ linguistic skills. We also discuss the twin ideas of ‘linguistic sweet spot and ‘economic sweet spot’. The concepts in this paper, as such are expected to contribute greatly to greater economic performance, social and cultural development, and the emerging field of Anthropological economics.