cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Lightcone Fluctuations in Compactified Spacetimes
Creators: name: Yu, Hongwei
name: Svaiter, N. F.
name: Ford, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We treat the effects of compactified spatial dimensions on the propagation of light in the uncompactified directions in the context of linearized quantum gravity. We find that the flight times of pulses can fluctuate due to modification of the graviton vacuum by the compactification. In the case of a five dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory, the mean variation in flight time can grow logarithmically with the flight distance. This effect is in principle observable, but too small to serve as a realistic probe of the existence of extra dimensions. We also examine the effect of the compactification on the widths of spectral lines, and find that there is a small line narrowing effect. This effect is also small for compactification well above the Planck scale, but might serve as a test of the existence of extra dimensions.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures
Enhanced sensitivity of persistent events to weak forcing in dynamical and stochastic systems: Implications for climate change
Creators: name: Khatiwala, Samar P.
name: Shaw, Bruce E.
name: Cane, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Climatic changes
Paleoclimatology

description: Low-dimensional models can give insight into the climate system, in particular its response to externally imposed forcing such as the anthropogenic emission of green-house gases. Here, we use the Lorenz system, a chaotic dynamical system characterized by two “regimes”, to examine the effect of a weak imposed forcing. We show that the probability density functions (PDF's) of time-spent in the two regimes are exponential, and that the most dramatic response to forcing is a change in the frequency of occurrence of extremely persistent events, rather than the weaker change in the mean persistence time. This enhanced sensitivity of the “tails” of the PDF's to forcing is quantitatively explained by changes in the stability of the regimes. We demonstrate similar behavior in a stochastically forced double well system. Our results suggest that the most significant effect of anthropogenic forcing may be to change the frequency of occurrence of persistent climate events, such as droughts, rather than the mean.
Система идеологических, социально-психологических, исторических и системных факторов, обусловивших бесчеловечный характер геноцида, развязанного национал-социалистами в отношении славян, евреев и других народов
Creators: name: Николаева Виктория Евгеньевна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: расовая иерархия
нацизм
тоталитаризм
идеология
геноцид
скалация насилия
дегуманизация
антропология выживаемости
концентрационные лагеря
racial hierarchy
Nazism
totalitarianism
ideology
genocide
escalation of violence
dehumanization
anthropology of survival
concentration camps

description: Аннотация. В статье изучены факты неоправданной жестокости, с которой немецкие национал-социалисты обращались со своими жертвами, проанализированы ее причины. Сделан вывод, что радикализация нацистской элиты стала не побочным эффектом режима, а его системной целью. Жестокость нацистов не была спонтанной – это результат длительной идеологической обработки, системной организации и эксплуатации человеческой психологии. Через мифологизацию истории, ритуалы и образование фанатизм превращался в норму, а геноцид – в сакральный акт. 

Abstract. The article examines the facts of unjustified cruelty with which German National Socialists treated their victims, and analyzes its causes. It is concluded that the radicalization of the Nazi elite was not a side effect of the regime, but its systemic goal. The cruelty of the Nazis was not spontaneous – it was the result of long-term ideological processing, systemic organization and exploitation of human psychology. Through the mythologization of history, rituals and education, fanaticism turned into a norm, and genocide – into a sacred act.
Cominco American Well: Implications for the Reconstruction of the Sevier Orogen and Basin and Range Extension in West-Central Utah
Creators: name: Anders, Mark H.
name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
name: Malinverno, Alberto
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Re-evaluation of acoustic, gamma ray and dip meter logs from the Cominco American Federal No. 2 well in the Sevier Desert basin of west-central Utah sheds new light on the interpretation of Neoproterozoic and Cambrian stratigraphy and Mesozoic structure in a region that has been influential in the development of ideas about crustal shortening and extension. The most prominent of several major thrust faults (the Canyon Range and Pavant thrusts) have been interpreted by DeCelles and Coogan (2006) [Regional structure and kinematic history of the Sevier fold-and-thrust belt, central Utah: Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 118, n. 7-8, p. 841-864, http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/B25759.1] as having been cut and in part re-activated between late Oligocene and Holocene time by as much as 47 km of displacement on the gently west-dipping Sevier Desert detachment. This interpretation, which is based upon a combination of outcrop, seismic reflection and well data, depends critically on the Canyon Range thrust intersecting the Cominco well at a depth of 2,551 to 2,557 m (8,370-8,389 ft.), and terminating downwards against a re-activated Pavant thrust. Our work suggests that the fault at 2,551 m (8,370 ft.) is a strand of the Pavant thrust, and that the Canyon Range thrust cuts the well at a depth of 1,222 m (4,010 ft.). This alternative interpretation depends in turn on identification of the section between the two faults as terminal Neoproterozoic to middle Cambrian Prospect Mountain Quartzite through Chisholm Formation rather than Neoproterozoic "Pocatello Formation," "Blackrock Canyon Limestone" and lower Caddy Canyon Quartzite. To support this interpretation we present evidence for stratigraphic repetition and for deformation at the 1,222 m (4,010 ft.) level. Use of the lithostratigraphic terms "Pocatello" and "Blackrock Canyon" in west-central Utah is shown to be inappropriate, and among the reasons that the critical interval in the Cominco well has been misinterpreted by some authors. If the Canyon Range and Pavant thrusts are both found in the Cominco well, as we suggest, then they cannot be used as a piercing point for the estimation of displacement on the Sevier Desert detachment or as justification for the existence of the detachment. Published estimates of extension across the Sevier Desert basin therefore need to be reduced, potentially to as little as ∼ 10 km.
Simulation of neutrons produced by high-energy muons underground
Creators: name: Lindote, A.
name: Araujo, H. M.
name: Kudryavtsev, V. A.
name: Robinson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article describes the Monte Carlo simulation used to interpret the measurement of the muon-induced neutron flux in the Boulby Underground Laboratory (North Yorkshire, UK), recently performed using a large scintillator veto deployed around the ZEPLIN-II WIMP detector. Version 8.2 of the GEANT4 toolkit was used after relevant benchmarking and validation of neutron production models. In the direct comparison between Monte Carlo and experimental data, we find that the simulation produces a 1.8 times higher neutron rate, which we interpret as over-production in lead by GEANT4. The dominance of this material in neutron production allows us to estimate the absolute neutron yield in lead as (1.31 +/- 0.06) x 10^(-3) neutrons/muon/(g/cm^2) for a mean muon energy of 260 GeV. Simulated nuclear recoils due to muon-induced neutrons in the ZEPLIN-II target volume (~1 year exposure) showed that, although a small rate of events is expected from this source of background in the energy range of interest for dark matter searches, no event survives an anti-coincidence cut with the veto.
description: 13 Pages, 11 Figures, 3 Tables. To appear in Astroparticle Physics. Version 2 has minor corrections and clarifications. Figures 1 and 3 now include neutron yields obtained with FLUKA-2008
Federalism and the Australian offshore constitutional settlement
Creators: name: Haward, M
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The offshore has been the centre of intergovernmental interaction in Australia for over twenty-five years yet has remained a neglected topic in studies of Australian federalism. This study examines the development and implementation of a complex intergovernmental arrangement, the Offshore Constitutional Settlement (OCS), which returned jurisdiction to the States from low water mark to three nautical miles offshore following the High Court's decision in the Seas and Submerged Lands case of December 1975, which upheld Commonwealth jurisdiction from low water mark. The OCS was established, after lengthy intergovernmental interaction, in 1979 with what were termed \agreed arrangements\" implemented between 1983 and 1990. The most visible element of offshore resource policy in the period following the Second World War is the the continual expansion of the Commonwealth's interests. To focus solely on this expansion gives a limited explanation for the development of intergovernmental agreements such as the OCS which reflect the complexities of interaction between the Commonwealth and the States. A central concern of this study is to examine the factors contributing to the development of the OCS particularly the extent to which State governments were dominant actors in the negotiations and in the implementation of the \"agreed arrangements\". The study utilises an analytical framework which allows the examination of institutions and processes by which the States have been able to limit or counter the effective reach of increased Commonwealth constitutional power and influence and which act as parameters for intergovernmental interaction in this policy area. In structuring relations between the Commonwealth and States offshore these parameters not only emphasise the significance of a States' constitutional and political bases but- also identify elements of intergovernmental interaction which counter the more visible expansion of Commonwealth activity. The OCS is thus an outcome -of the evolution (or \"ebb and flow\") of Australian federalism offshore in which the States remain important actors; an evolution shaped by the impact of the constitutional division of powers judicial review of jurisdictional disputes and Australia's responsibilities in relation to the emergent international law of the sea."
A Pseudoproxy Evaluation of Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling and Canonical Correlation Analysis for Climate Field Reconstructions over Europe
Creators: name: Werner, Johannes P.
name: Luterbacher, Juerg
name: Smerdon, Jason E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Paleoclimatology
Atmosphere

description: A pseudoproxy comparison is presented for two statistical methods used to derive annual climate field reconstructions (CFRs) for Europe. The employed methods use the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) procedure presented by Smerdon et al. and the Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM) method adopted from Tingley and Huybers. Pseudoproxy experiments (PPEs) are constructed from modeled temperature data sampled from the 1250-yr paleo-run of the NCAR Community Climate System Model (CCSM) version 1.4 model by Ammann et al. Pseudoproxies approximate the distribution of the multiproxy network used by Mann et al. over the European region of interest. Gaussian white noise is added to the temperature data to mimic the combined signal and noise properties of real-world proxies. Results indicate that, while both methods perform well in areas with good proxy coverage, the BHM method outperforms the CCA method across the entire field and additionally returns objective error estimates.
title: Σμιλεύοντας το χρόνο: Ένα μωσαϊκό χρονικοτήτων στη διεπαφή μεταξύ πόλης-λατομείου | Πρώην λατομεία ΛΑΤΟ-ΚΕΚΡΩΨ
title: Sculpting time: A Mosaic of Temporalities at the City-Quarry Interface | Former Quarries of LATO-KEKROPS
Creators: name: Τσιτσου-Καμπελη Νεφελη
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Πεδίο μελέτης της παρούσας διπλωματικής  εργασίας  αποτελούν τα πρώην Λατομεία  ΛΑΤΟ-ΚΕΚΡΩΨ, που εντοπίζονται κεντρικά της λοφοσειράς των Τουρκοβουνίων και αποτελούν φυσικό όριο μεταξύ των δήμων Γαλατσίου-Ψυχικού του νομού Αττικής. Το κατακερματισμένο φυσικό ανάγλυφο, σε συνδυασμό με την επέκταση του πολεοδομικού ιστού δημιουργούν μια συνθήκη μετεωρισμού, με τα όρια μεταξύ ανθρωπογενούς-φυσικού να αλλοιώνονται στην εικόνα ενός υπολειμματικού τοπίου. Στο βίωμα του συγκεκριμένου τόπου πλέκονται πολλές διαδοχικές χωρικές, αλλά και χρονικές τομές, οι οποίες μετατρέπονται σε εργαλείο σχεδιασμού με σκοπό να αναιρεθεί ο δύσβατος χαρακτήρας του και να δημιουργηθούν νέες αρθρώσεις  μεταξύ πόλης-τοπίου. Οι μεγάλοι ασβεστολιθικοί όγκοι, οι ανοιχτές εκσκαφές, τα πρανή αποθέσεων άγονων υλικών και τα μονοπάτια  ξεδιπλώνονται στην περιήγηση ενός έτερου χρόνου. To τοπίο αυτό συμπληρώνουν η ελάχιστη βλάστηση που έχει διατηρηθεί, σε συνδυασμό με τα εγκαταλελειμμένα βιομηχανικά κελύφη. Τίθεται λοιπόν υπό διαπραγμάτευση η ανάκτηση του λατομείου από το σώμα της πόλης, ξετυλίγοντας το αόρατο νήμα ενός ποιητικού χρόνου, σε δύο διακριτές ενότητες, που ενοποιούνται από  νέες εγγραφές μονοπατιών και πρασίνου. Ταυτόχρονα, επιχειρείται η ανάδειξη του βιομηχανικού χαρακτήρα του μέσα από τη δημιουργία ενός πολιτιστικού ιστού, που αναπτύσσεται στη διαλεκτική μεταξύ νέων και υφιστάμενων κτιριακών δομών, ενώ μέσα από την εκσκαφή αναδύεται το κρυμμένο εδαφικό κείμενο της αττικής γης.
Two loop integrability for Chern-Simons theories with N=6 supersymmetry
Creators: name: Minahan, J. A.
name: Schulgin, W.
name: Zarembo, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two-loop anomalous dimensions for fermionic operators in the ABJM model and the ABJ model. We find the appropriate Hamiltonian and show that it is consistent with a previously predicted Bethe ansatz for the ABJM model. The difference between the ABJ and ABJM models is invisible at the two-loop level by cancelation of parity violating diagrams. We then construct a Hamiltonian for the full two-loop OSp(6|4) spin chain by first constructing the Hamiltonian for an SL(2|1) subgroup, and then lifting to OSp(6|4). We show that this Hamiltonian is consistent with the Hamiltonian found for the fermionic operators.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor misprints corrected, reference added
title: Effect of pH, Fat Level, and Various Browning Agents on Composition, Color, Texture, and Sensory Characteristics of Dark-Cutting Beef Patties
Creators: name: Moiseev, Igor V.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1997

description: Extra lean (3.3% fat) and lean (20.0% fat) hamburgers in three pH groups (≤ 6.0; 6.01-6.49; 6.50-6.92) were evaluated for cooking-temperature profile, total process lethality, and physical properties after cooking to 71°C by double-side frying on an electric grill. Neither cooking-temperature profile nor cooking time was affected by hamburger fat content or pH. Double-side frying to 71.1°C internal temperature was adequate for more than 6-log destruction of viable E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella at the geometrical center of extra lean and lean hamburgers. The coldest spot was on the circumferential surface, as indicated by the presence of a red ring of undenatured myoglobin, and confirmed by the finite-element temperature distribution model.
The effect of pH (5.80, 6.29, 6.73) on myoglobin denaturation in extra lean (3.3% fat) and lean (20.0% fat) hamburgers was studied. Compared to normal meat (pH= 5.8), raw extra lean ground beef of pH = 6.73 had significantly lower oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) value, lower concentration of metmyoglobin after 48 hr of refrigerated storage, and more distinct cherry-red color. Percent of myoglobin denaturation during cooking was affected mainly by pH and was not affected by total pigment or fat content of hamburgers. A pH ≥ 6.5 and ORP ≤ -200 mV were characteristic of dark-cutting beef
In a third experiment, extra lean (3.5%) and lean (20.0%) beef patties were made from normal beef (pH= 5.70) and dark-cutting beef (pH = 6.60). Controls were made with no additives or with 1% salt and 10% added water. Various browning agents (1% glucose, 0.2% caramel colorant, 0.3% calcium peroxide, or 2.5% encapsulated lactic acid) were added with 10% water and 1% salt. Salt had a pronounced prooxidant effect on myoglobin. Distinctive absorption peaks at 541-548 nm and 577-582 nm indicated that the undenatured pigment in cooked patties was oxymyoglobin. Dark-cutting patties had more rubbery texture and slightly perceptible off-flavor. Patties with lactic acid were less juicy and had lower intensity of beef flavor than other patties, and moderate intensity of sour off-flavor. Addition of salt and encapsulated lactic acid to beef patty formulation could solve the problem of hard-to-cook patties.
Adapting to a New Normal: The Impact of COVID-19 on Hiring Patterns and the Development of Predictive Models for Talent Acquisition
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhe
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: predictor
subject: interview
subject: glassdoor
subject: NLP

description: I collected all interview questions from glassdoor for 26 industry-representative companies in the S&P 500 and collected data on the difficulty of all interview questions, interview outcomes, and interviewer perceptions that had been flagged. By combining the flagged data with the interview text, a unified NLP analysis was performed. I try to obtain a predictor that can predict the interview pass rate of interviewees by inputting information such as the interview questions and the difficulty of the physical interview.
Assessing enigmatic boulder deposits in NE Aegean Sea: importance of historical sources as tool to support hydrodynamic equations
Creators: name: Vacchi, M.
name: Rovere, Alessio
name: Zouros, N.
name: Firpo, M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Submarine geology

description: Due to their importance in the assessment of coastal hazards, several studies have focused on geomorphological and sedimentological field evidence of catastrophic wave impacts related to historical tsunami events. Among them, many authors used boulder fields as important indicators of past tsunamis, especially in the Mediterranean Sea. The aim of this study was to understand the mechanism of deposition of clusters of large boulders, consisting of beachrock slabs, which were found on the southern coasts of Lesvos Island (NE Aegean Sea). Methods to infer the origin of boulder deposits (tsunami vs. storm wave) are often based on hydrodynamic models even if different environmental complexities are difficult to be incorporated into numerical models. In this study, hydrodynamic equations did not provide unequivocal indication of the mechanism responsible for boulder deposition in the study area. Further analyses, ranging from geomorphologic to seismotectonic data, indicated a tsunami as the most likely cause of displacement of the boulders but still do not allow to totally exclude the extreme storm origin. Additional historical investigations (based on tsunami catalogues, historical photos and aged inhabitants interviews) indicated that the boulders are likely to have been deposited by the tsunami triggered by the 6.7 Ms Chios-Karaburum earthquake of 1949 or, alternatively, by minor effects of the destructive tsunami produced by 1956's Amorgos Island earthquake. Results of this study point out that, at Mediterranean scale, to flank numerical models with the huge amount of the available historical data become a crucial tool in terms of prevention policies related to catastrophic coastal events.
El Niño–Southern Oscillation sensitivity to cumulus entrainment in a coupled general circulation model
Creators: name: Kim, Daehyun
name: Jang, Yeon-Soo
name: Kim, Dong-Hoon
name: Kim, Young-Ho
name: Watanabe, Masahiro
name: Jin, Fei-Fei
name: Kug, Jong-Seong
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Atmosphere

description: A series of 200 year long integrations is performed using the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory CM2.1 by varying the Tokioka parameter, a minimum entrainment rate threshold in the cumulus parameterization. Changing the threshold alters both the tropical Pacific mean state and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability. Increasing the Tokioka parameter causes a basin-wide cooling in the tropical Pacific with the reduction of high clouds. The degree of cooling in the western part of the basin is bigger than that in the east. As a result, the east–west asymmetry in the tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) decreases with increasing the Tokioka parameter. Accompanied with the reduced east–west SST asymmetry are the increase of mean precipitation over the eastern Pacific and the eastward shift of the atmospheric responses to the ENSO-related SST forcing. The eastward shifted wind stress anomaly associated with ENSO leads to the stronger ENSO variability. In this way the magnitude of ENSO simulated in this model increases with the Tokioka parameter. Implication of our results on the relationship between the tropical Pacific mean state and ENSO is discussed.
Experimental study of attenuation and dispersion over a broad frequency range: 2. The universal scaling of polycrystalline materials
Creators: name: McCarthy, Christine
name: Takei, Yasuko
name: Hiraga, Takehiko
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Internal friction
subject: Viscoelasticity--Measurement
subject: Rock mechanics--Models
subject: Regolith
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: In order to extend the range of conditions that can be obtained in experiments, we have measured the viscoelastic properties of polycrystalline organic borneol, as an analogue to mantle rock. Using a custom fabricated apparatus, the Young's modulus E and attenuation QE−1 were measured accurately over a broad frequency range (10−4 ≤ f (Hz) ≤ 2.15) and at low strain amplitude (10−5–10−6). Creep experiments were performed with the same apparatus to measure the steady state viscosity. Anelasticity and viscosity were measured at high homologous temperatures (T = 22–48°C; T/Tm = 0.61–0.67) and various grain sizes (3–22 μm), the growth of which was controlled by annealing. Using the measured viscosities η and the unrelaxed modulus EU determined from ultrasonic experiments, the frequency of the entire data set was normalized by the Maxwell frequency fM = EU/η, resulting in E and Q−1 master curves. The Q−1 data from previous studies on olivine-dominated samples also collapse onto the same curve when scaled by fM,, demonstrating the universality of anelasticity for polycrystalline materials. The similitude by the Maxwell frequency scaling indicates that the dominant mechanism for the anelasticity observed in this study and in previous studies is diffusionally accommodated grain boundary sliding. A generalized formulation for this similitude is provided to extrapolate the experimental data to velocity and attenuation of seismic shear waves.
Studies of some mutants of human hemoglobin including a new oC-variant: Hb mahidol
Creators: name: Pootrakul, Sanga
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Hemoglobinopathies, the disorders of hemoglobin structure and synthesis, can be divided into two forms of clinical manifestation, namely thalassemias and abnormal hemoglobins. Thalassemia appears to involve an abnormal gene which results in a reduced rate of globin synthesis and it presents clinically as a hypochromic microcytic anemia. Its cause lies in some abnormality of the regulation of globin synthesis. An abnormal hemoglobin is usually the result of a mutation of one base in a codon triplet of the structural gene for one or other hemoglobin chain which leads to an amino acid substitution in the primary structure of the globin. In this study, the biochemical characterization of five samples of abnormal hemoglobin which were obtained from patients at Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, B.C. and Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok is described. In the first case from V.G.H., the propositus, a 17 month old Chinese girl showed a fast (anionic) abnormal hemoglobin from birth. In a biochemical investigation of the variant from her father it was found that the glycine residue 56 in the β-chain was substituted by aspartic acid. This mutant is identical to that previously designated as HbJ Bangkok ([formula omitted]). The second case, a 21 year old Thai male in Bangkok was shown to be a double heterozygote with both a slow and a fast abnormal hemoglobin and an absence of HbA upon starch gel electrophoresis. Structural characterization of the separated globin chain of both variants indicated that the mutation in the slow variant occurred at residue 26 of β-chain where glutamic acid was replaced by lysine. This mutation is similar to that previously described as HbE ([formula omitted]). The fast variant showed an amino acid alteration at position 113 of β-chain where valine was substituted by glutamic acid. This mutation is identical with Hb New York ([formula omitted]). A double heterozygote involving both HbE and Hb New York has not been previously described. The other three samples from unrelated patients in Bangkok revealed a slow mutant on starch gel electrophoresis and biochemical studies showed that residue 74 in the α-chain was changed from an aspartyl to a histidyl residue. This mutation has not been previously described. It is proposed that this new hemoglobin ([formula omitted]) be called Hb Mahidol after Mahidol University in Bangkok. In one of the three patients showing Hb Mahidol interaction with α-thalassemia (α-thalassemia-Hb Mahidol) occurs. This results in the clinical features of chronic hemolytic anemia and a total absence of HbA which is replaced by Hb Mahidol together with some HbH([formula omitted]).
Radiocarbon and 230Th data reveal rapid redistribution and temporal changes in sediment focussing at a North Atlantic drift
Creators: name: Mollenhauer, Gesine
name: McManus, Jerry F.
name: Wagner, Thomas
name: McCave, I. Nick
name: Eglinton, Timothy I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geochemistry
subject: Marine sediments

description: In locations of rapid sediment accumulation receiving substantial amounts of laterally transported material the timescales of transport and accurate quantification of the transported material are at the focus of intense research. Here we present radiocarbon data obtained on co-occurring planktic foraminifera, marine haptophyte biomarkers (alkenones) and total organic carbon (TOC) coupled with excess Thorium-230 (230Thxs) measurements on four sediment cores retrieved in 1649–2879 m water depth from two such high accumulation drift deposits in the Northeast Atlantic, Björn and Gardar Drifts. While 230Thxs inventories imply strong sediment focussing, no age offsets are observed between planktic foraminifera and alkenones, suggesting that redistribution of sediments is rapid and occurs soon after formation of marine organic matter, or that transported material contains negligible amounts of alkenones. An isotopic mass balance calculation based on radiocarbon concentrations of co-occurring sediment components leads us to estimate that transported sediment components contain up to 12% of fossil organic matter that is free of or very poor in alkenones, but nevertheless appears to consist of a mixture of fresh and eroded fossil material. Considering all available constraints to characterize transported material, our results show that although focussing factors calculated from bulk sediment 230Thxs inventories may allow useful approximations of bulk redeposition, they do not provide a unique estimate of the amount of each laterally transported sediment component. Furthermore, our findings provide evidence that the occurrence of lateral sediment redistribution alone does not always hinder the use of multiple proxies but that individual sediment fractions are affected to variable extents by sediment focussing.
Problem-coping and the management of change in secondary schools
Creators: name: Males, Christina M
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The major purpose of this dissertation is to examine how secondary schools cope with problems that arise during the planning and implementation of change. In order to fulfil the purpose of this dissertation, it is necessary also to consider what we already know about the successful management of change, and particularly, about how schools cope with problems that arise when change is being planned and implemented. No matter how well a change project is planned and implemented, problems will arise during both these phases, therefore problem-coping is emerging as crucial in the successful management of change. The more knowledge those persons acting as change agents have about the types of problems that are likely to arise, and about the problem coping strategies that can be used to successfully overcome problems, the more likely a change is to become permanent and institutionalised. To link this theoretical background with practice, it is important to investigate a practical situation. Some research in this area has been carried out in the United States of America by Matthew Miles and the staff of the Project on Improving Urban High Schools. However, there has been no parallel research in the Australian setting. It seems appropriate at this time, when education in Tasmania is going through a period of major change, to carry out a case study in a Tasmanian setting to determine what problems have arisen in the planning and implementation of change, and what strategies have been used to deal with these problems. The school chosen for the case study was Ulverstone High School in the North West of Tasmania. This school was chosen as retention/ participation studies conducted by the Secondary Education Study Unit led by Joan Abbott-Chapman, Phillip Hughes and Colin Wyld had revealed that, among secondary schools on the North West Coast of Tasmania, Ulverstone High School achieved one of the highest rates of increase in the proportion of its year 10 students completing year 12 in the period 1981 to 1986. The writer spent two weeks at Ulverstone High school completing the case study. Interviews with members of the teaching staff and Senior staff of the school, document collection and an observation checklist were the methods used for information collection. The focus of the information collection was how the school managed change and coped with problems that arose during the change process. The findings indicated that change is a complex process and one that is never without problems. A wide range of problems was encountered during change in the case study school. The major and most common problems were associated with: (1) program processes; (2) the attitudes of those people effected by the change; (3) lack of resources and (4) lack of skills to implement the change. It seems clear from the research and review of the literature that a variety of problem-coping strategies need to be employed if successful change is to be achieved.
Additional file 5 of Larotinib in patients with advanced and previously treated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression or amplification: an open-label, multicenter phase 1b study
Creators: name: Liu, Rongrui
name: Liu, Lianke
name: Zhao, Chuanhua
name: Bai, Yuxian
name: Zheng, Yulong
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Li, Ning
name: Yang, Jianwei
name: Fan, Qingxia
name: Wang, Xiuwen
name: Zeng, Shan
name: Zhang, Yingjun
name: Zhang, Weihong
name: Zhuang, Yulei
name: Kang, Ning
name: Jiang, Yingzhi
name: Sun, Hongmei
name: Xu, Jianming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Which is entitled with Preclinical Kinase Inhibition Assays, is a report describing a preclinical study designed to make comparison of inhibitory activity on EGFR family kinases in the same batch among different first-generation EGFR-TKIs.
Advancing From Kumbaya to Radical Collaboration: Redefining the Future Research Library
Creators: name: Neal, James G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Library science

description: The research library community has developed an effective program of multi-institutional cooperation during the last 50 years. Conditions in technology, economics, and expanding service requirements demand a more radical approach to collaboration. The 2CUL initiative illustrates key opportunities to set aside the traditional models of research library operations and respond to new roles and responsibilities.
Spectral Analysis of the Lower Eocene Wilkins Peak Member, Green River Formation, Wyoming: Support for Milankovitch Cyclicity
Creators: name: Machlus, Malka L.
name: Olsen, Paul E.
name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
name: Hemming, Sidney R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Remote sensing
Geology, Stratigraphic
Geomorphology

description: This study is the first to employ spectral analysis to examine meter-scale sedimentary cyclicity in the Wilkins Peak Member of the lower Eocene Green River Formation of Wyoming. Generally regarded as the classic example for orbital forcing of lacustrine sediments at eccentricity and precession time scales, this long-standing interpretation was recently contested, with a much shorter duration (≤ 10 ky) inferred for the dominant cyclicity. Earlier work lacked adequate age control or spectral analysis or both. Our analysis is based upon an evaluation in the frequency domain of oil-yield values from four boreholes, accuracy estimation for suggested orbital interpretations, and comparison to independent geochronology. Cored intervals 266–364 m thick represent a span of 1.2–1.7 m.y., with temporal resolution of ∼ 3–5 ky (∼ 1 m) for oil-yield values. Variations in spectral power with depth within the original records are interpreted to reflect changes in the rate of sediment accumulation. These changes are corrected prior to testing the orbital forcing hypothesis by using two methods: 1) a minimal adjustment (three segments) accounting for the dominant changes of spectral frequency with depth; and 2) correlating the published definitions of precessional cycles in these records to a 21 ky cosine curve. Orbital age models resulting from the two tuning methods are compared to available chronology and the tuned records are tested for the expected spectral peaks from orbitally forced records. We conclude that the dominant cyclicity of the Wilkins Peak Member is orbitally forced. Orbital age models overlap 40Ar/39Ar ages and inferred periods include long and short eccentricity, weak obliquity and precession. Eccentricity is resolved in the analyzed records but the expected ∼ 95 and ∼ 125 ky periods are not resolved, controlling the range of possible tuning periods and the accuracy of orbital age models. Sub-Milankovitch variability exists and can be resolved to a minimum period of ∼ 3–5 ky by the analyzed records. However, it cannot be characterized fully with the available chronology or by the previously calculated mean cycle duration.
Additional file 2 of The prognostic value of tumor mutational burden related 6-gene-based Risk Score in laryngeal cancer patients
Creators: name: Yang, Dong
name: Liu, Juan
name: Liu, Naibin
name: Yin, Chunlei
name: Zhang, Huan
name: Xu, Jianhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Full results of KEGG enrichment analysis of 210 DEGs.
Inspection time and the additive factors approach
Creators: name: Hunter, Joanne
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: 17 practiced subjects were required to discriminate whether a briefly displayed probe digit was a member of a previously memorised set in both a reaction time task and an inspection time task. Subject's reaction time and inspection time were measured as a function of the manipulation of a number of factors based on Sternberg's (1969) additive factors methodology (that is, stimulus quality, size of positive set, and response type required). - All factor effects were found to be additive in the RT task thus replicating Sternberg's (1969) findings. The stimulus quality manipulation was found to affect IT as well as RT, yet the remaining factors did not, thus illustrating a simple experimental demonstration of the separability of processing stages. The present results provide strong empirical support for the proposition that encoding takes place temporally prior to the serial comparison stage. If one remains committed to the serial processing model, the temporal divide between early and late processing can be made prior to the serial comparison stage on the basis of Sternberg's (1969) additive factors methodology. Thus, whatever affects the IT measure includes encoding but does not include the serial comparison stage. This is compatible with the views of both Brand and Nettelbeck who maintain that IT be seen as a measure of initial sensory input.
Measuring neutrino mass with radioactive ions in a storage ring
Creators: name: Lindroos, Mats
name: McElrath, Bob
name: Orme, Christopher
name: Schwetz, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to measure the neutrino mass kinematically using beams of ions which undergo beta decay. The idea is to tune the ion beam momentum so that in most decays, the electron is forward moving with respect to the beam, and only in decays near the endpoint is the electron moving backwards. Then, by counting the backward moving electrons one can observe the effect of neutrino mass on the beta spectrum close to the endpoint. In order to reach sensitivities for $m_ν< 0.2$ eV, it is necessary to control the ion momentum with a precision better than $δp/p < 10^{-5}$, identify suitable nuclei with low Q-values (in the few to ten keV range), and one must be able to observe at least O($10^{18}$) decays.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
implication of ratification of the statute of ICC to law 26 of 2000.pdf
Creators: name: Soge, Markus Marselinus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 180108 Constitutional Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Thesis as result from research of study on Master of Laws degree from Padjajaran University
Aspects of the pharmacotherapy of airways disease
Creators: name: Jacobson, GA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Asthma morbidity and mortality have been increasing in most industrialised countries over the last two decades despite anti-asthmatic medication sales at an all time high. Drug therapy remains the mainstay of treatment in asthma yet there have been concerns that modern drug therapy may be contributing to this increase in morbidity and mortality. The research presented in this thesis sought to examine several issues related to current asthma pharmacotherapy. In recent years, asthma management guidelines have emphasised the earlier introduction of inhaled corticosteroids and less reliance on ˜í‚â§‚Äövává-agonists. The prescribing of anti-asthmatic drugs within Tasmania was examined from April 1991 to April 1994 using computerised dispensing records from nearly one-third of all the community pharmacies within the State. Trends in prescribing were compared with national data and regional State differences were examined. It was found that drug utilisation, both nationally and within Tasmania, appeared to be changing in line with current management guidelines with increases in inhaled corticosteroid and sodium cromoglycate usage while ˜í‚â§‚Äövává-agonists usage remained fairly stable. There was a marked decrease in the ratio of ˜í‚â§‚Äövává-agonists:inhaled corticosteroids dispensed over the period of the study. Nebulised ipratropium bromide (an anti-cholinergic drug) is often combined with nebulised agonists in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive airways disease. To reduce the time that patients spend inhaling nebulised drug ipratropium bromide is often mixed with ˜í‚â§‚Äövává- agonists immediately prior to administration but is sometimes bulk mixed and stored for several days before use. A reversed-phase ion-pair assay wing UV detection was developed to study the stability of these bulk mixed nebuliser solutions. The stability of an admixture of proprietary ipratropium bromide and salbutamol nebuliser solution (1:1, v/v) was then examined for 5 days under different storage conditions. It was found that admixtures of ipratropium bromide and salbutamol nebuliser retain greater than 90% of their initial concentrations if stored at or below 22¬¨‚àû C for periods of up to 5 days. Finally, an assay using solid-phase extraction was developed to measure urinary levels of salbutamol in a relatively large group of asthmatic patients using inhaled therapy. Salbutamol levels in 'spot' urine samples were investigated as a potential indicator of over-use. Median levels of unchanged drug were 378 ng/ml (range 0-34.4 ˜í¬¿g/m1) and 2.55 tig/m1 (range 0- 49.8 ˜í¬¿g/m1) in community and hospital patients respectively. Even when conceding the limitations of 'spot' urine sampling there were large inter-patient differences in levels corrected for dosage, probably due to differences in technique of administration and pharmacokinetic variability. There were also indications of possible low level saturation of metabolism which may have clinical implications.
Simulating the universe on an intercontinental grid of supercomputers
Creators: name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
name: Ishiyama, Tomoaki
name: Groen, Derek
name: Nitadori, Keigo
name: Makino, Junichiro
name: de Laat, Cees
name: McMillan, Stephen
name: Hiraki, Kei
name: Harfst, Stefan
name: Grosso, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding the universe is hampered by the elusiveness of its most common constituent, cold dark matter. Almost impossible to observe, dark matter can be studied effectively by means of simulation and there is probably no other research field where simulation has led to so much progress in the last decade. Cosmological N-body simulations are an essential tool for evolving density perturbations in the nonlinear regime. Simulating the formation of large-scale structures in the universe, however, is still a challenge due to the enormous dynamic range in spatial and temporal coordinates, and due to the enormous computer resources required. The dynamic range is generally dealt with by the hybridization of numerical techniques. We deal with the computational requirements by connecting two supercomputers via an optical network and make them operate as a single machine. This is challenging, if only for the fact that the supercomputers of our choice are separated by half the planet, as one is located in Amsterdam and the other is in Tokyo. The co-scheduling of the two computers and the 'gridification' of the code enables us to achieve a 90% efficiency for this distributed intercontinental supercomputer.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Computer
title: A Parallel Genetic Algorithm for Optimizing Multicellular Models Applied to Biofilm Wrinkling
Creators: name: Johnson, Christopher Douglas
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Multiscale computational models integrating sub-cellular, cellular, and multicellular levels can be powerful tools that help researchers replicate, understand, and predict multicellular biological phenomena. To leverage their potential, these models need correct parameter values, which specify cellular physiology and affect multicellular outcomes. This work presents a robust parameter optimization method, utilizing a parallel and distributed genetic-algorithm software package. A genetic algorithm was chosen because of its superiority in fitting complex functions for which mathematical techniques are less suited. Searching for optimal parameters proceeds by comparing the multicellular behavior of a simulated system to that of a real biological system on the basis of features extracted from each which capture high-level, emergent multicellular outcomes. The goal is to find the set of parameters which minimizes discrepancy between the two sets of features. The method is first validated by demonstrating its effectiveness on synthetic data, then it is applied to calibrating a simple mechanical model of biofilm wrinkling, a common type of morphology observed in biofilms. Spatiotemporal convergence of cellular movement derived from experimental observations of different strains of Bacillus subtilis colonies is used as the basis of comparison.
Additional file 2 of Larotinib in patients with advanced and previously treated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression or amplification: an open-label, multicenter phase 1b study
Creators: name: Liu, Rongrui
name: Liu, Lianke
name: Zhao, Chuanhua
name: Bai, Yuxian
name: Zheng, Yulong
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Li, Ning
name: Yang, Jianwei
name: Fan, Qingxia
name: Wang, Xiuwen
name: Zeng, Shan
name: Zhang, Yingjun
name: Zhang, Weihong
name: Zhuang, Yulei
name: Kang, Ning
name: Jiang, Yingzhi
name: Sun, Hongmei
name: Xu, Jianming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Which is entitled with Supplementary Materials and Methods, is a description about protocol revision history for study PCD-DZ650-17-001 (NCT03888092).