Rhinolophus marshalli Thonglongya 1973
Creators: name: Burgin, Connor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus marshalli

description: 48. Marshall’s Horseshoe <b>Bat</b> <i>Rhinolophus marshalli</i> French: Rhinolophe de <i>Marshall</i> / <i>German</i>: Marshall-Hufeisennase / <i>Spanish</i>: Herradura <i>de</i> Marshall Taxonomy. <i>Rhinolophus marshalli</i> Thonglongya, 1973, <b>“</b> foothills of Khao Soi Dao Tai, Amphoe Pong Nam Ron, Chanthaburi, about <b>lat.</b> 12 <b>°</b> 55 <b>’</b> N., long. 102 <b>° 10</b> ’E., <b>”</b> Thailand. <i>Rhinolophus marshalli</i> is the most basal member of the <i>macrotis</i> species group. Monotypic. Distribution. SE China <b>(</b> S Yunnan and S Guangxi <b>),</b> E Myanmar, N, C <b>&amp;</b> extreme S Thailand, N Laos, N Vietnam, and N Peninsular Malaysia. Descriptive <b>notes.</b> Head-body 43-49 mm, tail 16-26 mm, ear 25-30 mm, hindfoot 7-3-8- 1 mm, forearm 38- 9-48 mm; weight 5-8 g. Dorsal pelage is dark brown, occasionally with reddish tinge; venter is smoky gray or light yellowish brown. No orange morph is known. Males lack axillary tufts. Ears are enormous, with pronounced antitragus. Noseleaf has very short, fleshy lancet, with broadly rounded tip; <i>connecting</i> process is low, rounded, andjoins lancet at base; sella is large, broad, and barely higher than wide, with semicircular upper margin; internarial region is largely expanded laterally, with wing-like structures on edges that are integral with base of sella; and horseshoe is broad at 7-5-9- 2 mm, covers most of upper lip, extends laterally few millimeters beyond muzzle, lacks lateral leaflets, and has deep, narrow median emargination. Lower lip has three medial grooves. Baculum is prominently bent upward, with small basal cone and deep notches; <i>relatively</i> wide ventral notch is deeper than dorsal notch; dorsal <b>knob</b> is low, and ventral depression is small in extension; tip is narrowly rounded with lateral widening and longish dorsal knob. Skull is slender, with long rostrum (zygomatic width is less than mastoid width); median swellings are conspicuously inflated; posterior compartments are underdeveloped and rudimentary; sagittal crest is very low across skull; frontal depression is moderately deep; and supraorbital crests are strong, with sharp ridges. P2 is small to medium in size and in tooth row, separating C1 and P4, and P3 is small and either in tooth row or halfway displaced labially, separating <b>P</b> 2 and P4. Habitat. Various forest habitats, including <i>dry</i> deciduous forests, bamboo forests, and lowland moist forests, from sea level to elevations of <i>c</i>. 800 m. Marshall’s Horseshoe Bats tolerate <i>very</i> disturbed habitats. <b>Food and</b> Feeding. No information. Breeding. Births of Marshall’s Horseshoe Bats occur from late April until <i>early</i> May. Litter size is one. Postnatal growth occurs fast, with mean growth rates <i>of</i> 0-17 g /day until 13 days of age, decreasing gradually until adult size is reached at <i>c</i>.40 days old. Activity <b>patterns.</b> Marshall’s Horseshoe Bat is nocturnal. It roosts primarily in limestone caves but also in rock crevices. Call shape is <b>FM</b> /CF/FM, with peak call frequencies of 43-44-5 kHz in Guangxi, 41-8—42-3 kHz in Yunnan, China, and 44 kHz in Vietnam. <b>Movements, Home range and Social</b> organization. No information. <b>Status and Conservation.</b> Classified as Least Concern on <i>The IUCNed List.</i> Marshall’s Horseshoe <b>Bat</b> is <i>considerably</i> uncommon but widespread and resilient in disturbed habitats. Nevertheless, it might be threatened by <i>habitat</i> destruction and roost disturbance from cave tourism. <b>Bibliography.</b> Bates, Francis &amp; Csorba (2008a), Csorba eta/. (2003), Francis (2008a), Jin Longru, Bo Luo et al. (2012), Liu Ying, <i>Jiang</i> Tinglei et al. (2009), Thonglongya (1973), Tu <i>Vuong</i> Tan, Hassanin et al. (2017), Wu <i>Hui</i>, Yang Qisen et al. (2015), <i>WuYi</i> et <i>al.</i> (2004), Zhang <i>Libiao</i>, Jones et al. (2009), Zhang <i>Libiao</i>, Long Yongcheng et al. (2005), Zhang Lin <i>et al.</i> (2018).
description: Published as part of <i>Burgin, Connor, 2019, Rhinolophidae, pp. 280-332 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions</i> on page 303, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3748525