Spinolafoenus Macedo, n. gen.
Creators: name: Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Evaniidae
Spinolafoenus

description: Spinolafoenus Macedo n. gen.
(Figs. 4, 6f, 7 f, 11g –h, 12d, 13f, 14e, 15)
Type species. Foenus ruficornis Spinola, 1851.
Etymology. I choose the name of this genus in honor of Massimiliano Spinola, because he described the only known species included in the genus. The gender is masculine.
Description. Body length between 14.0–18.0 mm (exclusive of ovipositor).
Head. Subrectangular in dorsal view (Fig. 11 g); mandible in frontal view with apex acute; malar space long, fused with gena (Fig. 11 h); clypeus with a longitudinal ridge (Fig. 6f); clypeus and face without longitudinal striae; occipital margin crenulate (Fig. 11 g).
Mesosoma. Propleuron simple anteriorly; mesonotum truncate in lateral view (Fig. 13 f); mesoscutum uniformly sculptured, longer than wide, and almost forming a unique plane with two lobes separated by depressed notauli (Fig. 12 d); parapsides barely visible; mesepimeron with a dorsal ridge (Fig. 13 f); fore and middle tibiae uniformly colored; hind tibia red brown, with apex black; metacoxa areolate at posterior portion (Fig. 14 e); propodeum not carinate, with median longitudinal axis slightly concave (Fig. 14 e); fore wing jugal lobe present; discal cell present, subtriangular (Fig. 7 f), vein r–m present; vein 2–M tubular in 1st 1/3 and spectral in remaining portion (Fig. 4a); hind wing with 4–6 equidistant hamuli (Fig. 4a); pronotum with three lobes well defined; pronotal process absent (Fig. 13 f).
Metasoma. First metasomal tergum with edges separate, not concealing 1st sternum; female subgenital sternum with a slitlike Y-shaped notch (as Fig. 10 a); ovipositor longer than T2+T3 and shorter than metasoma (Fig. 4).
Distribution. The only species occurs in central Chile between 28ºS and 35ºS (Fig. 15), an area characterized by a Mediterranean climate. Unfortunately the specimen labels do not have altitude data.
Biology. Unknown.
Comments. This monotypic genus is the sister group of Trilobitofoenus, with four shared synapomorphies. I decided not to group the Spinolafoenus + Trilobitofoenus clade into a unique genus because of the six synapomorphies exclusively shared by the Trilobitofoenus species. The autapomorphies of Spinolafoenus are the crenulate occipital margin, the truncate mesonotum, and the entirely light ovipositor sheath. These autapomorphies are not exclusive of Spinolafoenus. However, the genus has other exclusive characters in Gasteruptiinae that were not used in the cladistic analysis: mesosoma uniformly areolate; metacoxa areolate at posterior portion; and longitudinal axis of propodeum slightly concave. The Spinolafoenus isolation was probably the result of the Andes formation.
description: Published as part of Macedo, Antonio Carlos Cruz, 2009, Generic classification for the Gasteruptiinae (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae) based on a cladistic analysis, with the description of two new Neotropical genera and the revalidation of Plutofoenus Kieffer, pp. 1-32 in Zootaxa 2075 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.187219