cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
". . . против меня лишь обвинение попустительства". Письма генерала П. К. Фон Ренненкампфа из-под ареста Временным правительством России, ноябрь 1917 г
Creators: name: Гагкуев Руслан Григорьевич
Publisher: name: Журнал российских и восточноевропейских исторических исследований
Year: 2017
Subjects: ПЕРВАЯ МИРОВАЯ ВОЙНА
РОССИЯ
ГЕРМАНИЯ
П. К. ФОН РЕННЕНКАМПФ
ВРЕМЕННОЕ ПРАВИ-ТЕЛЬСТВО
БОЛЬШЕВИКИ

description: Публикация посвящена ранее малоизвестному периоду жизни генерала от ка-валерии Павла Карловича фон Ренненкампфа (1854-1918)одного из наиболее известных военачальников русской армии накануне Первой мировой войны. После Февральской революции 1917г. Ренненкампф был арестован Чрезвычай-ной следственной комиссией Временного правительства для расследования его действий в 1914г. в Восточной Пруссии, когда он командовал 1-й русской армией. Ему были предъявлены обвинения в присвоении имущества мир-ных жителей, однако проведенное расследование не подтвердило этих фактов. Впубликации приводятся два письма Ренненкампфа, написанные им в ноя-бре 1917г. своей супруге Вере Николаевне. Помимо деталей, касающихся хода следствия, вписьмах содержатся фамилии так называемого «ближнего штаба» Ренненкампфа, сыгравшего свою роль как в грабежах, так и в общем мораль-ном состоянии штаба 1-й армии
A new perspective on least squares under convex constraint
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the problem of estimating the mean of a Gaussian random vector when the mean vector is assumed to be in a given convex set. The most natural solution is to take the Euclidean projection of the data vector on to this convex set; in other words, performing "least squares under a convex constraint." Many problems in modern statistics and statistical signal processing theory are special cases of this general situation. Examples include the lasso and other high-dimensional regression techniques, function estimation problems, matrix estimation and completion, shape-restricted regression, constrained denoising, linear inverse problems, etc. This paper presents three general results about this problem, namely, (a) an exact computation of the main term in the estimation error by relating it to expected maxima of Gaussian processes (existing results only give upper bounds), (b) a theorem showing that the least squares estimator is always admissible up to a universal constant in any problem of the above kind and (c) a counterexample showing that least squares estimator may not always be minimax rate-optimal. The result from part (a) is then used to compute the error of the least squares estimator in two examples of contemporary interest.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOS1254 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Theory and application of extremely precise frequency standards on low Earth orbit to the determination of geopotential time-variability
Creators: name: Giuliani, Simone
name: 0000-0001-7682-6966
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Geopotential
Clocks
Estimation
Relativity
Orbits

description: Earth’s gravity plays a major role in molding our world. Monitoring the geopotential and its time variability reveals the mass redistribution occurring across our planet, thus informing us on matters like climate change and availability of water resources. The gravity features we are most interested in are characterized by spatial and temporal scales that can only be accessed via a mission in space. Among the most important gravity missions are GRACE/GRACE-FO and GOCE, which sense gravity through the derivatives of the Earth’s gravity field. We propose to apply chronometric geodesy, whose task is to measure gravity with clocks, in space through frequency comparison between orbiting clocks by means of the Doppler-canceling technique. The novelty of this approach consists in estimating Earth’s gravity via measurements of the geopotential itself, rather than its derivatives. The behavior of clocks in a gravitational field is governed by Einstein’s general relativity, which provides the best available description of gravitation. On the other hand, the frequency stability of clocks is now reaching 10¹⁹, becoming precise enough for geodesy applications. After describing the proposed gravity mission architecture, we provide a mathematical derivation of the Doppler-canceled frequency shift measurement. Then, we outline the estimation method and its numerical implementation, followed by a presentation of results. Our findings indicate the measurement can retrieve the geopotential coefficients with an accuracy potentially better than currently available gravity models employing clocks with a frequency stability of 10¹⁹. This result represents a proof of concept for the measurement, with gravity field solutions obtained from a mission simulation being shown here for the first time. However, once we introduce the orbit error, the kinematical approach utilized to solve the estimation problem presents severe limitations. The remedy is to adopt a dynamical approach, which would let us directly address the orbit error and other issues, e.g., frequency drift in clocks. In the conclusions, we discuss how to improve on our analysis and the necessary steps to follow in preparation for a future gravity mission, whose realization will be possible only when clock technology reaches the required performance (high frequency stability in a short integration time)
Неудачи капитана Крибица. О попытках вербовки абвером руководителей политических полиций Латвии и Эстонии
Creators: name: Дюков Александр Решидеович
Publisher: name: Журнал российских и восточноевропейских исторических исследований
Year: 2017
Subjects: ГЕРМАНИЯ
ЛАТВИЯ
ЭСТОНИЯ
СССР
ШПИОНАЖ
АБВЕР
НКВД-НКГБ
ВИЛЬГЕЛЬМ КРИ-БИЦ
ЙОХАН СООМАН
ЯНИС ФРИДРИХСОНС

description: Впервые публикуются показания двух арестованных органами НКВДосе-нью 1940г. руководителей политических (охранных) полицийдиректора Управления полиции МВД Эстонии Йохана Соомана и директора Департа-мента политической полиции Латвии Яниса Фридрихсонсав той их части, которая раскрывает неудачные попытки вербовки этих высокопоставлен-ных чиновников германской военной разведкой. Впубликуемом протоко-ле допроса Й.Соомана раскрывается настоящее имя активного высокопо-ставленного немецкого вербовщика, многократно посещавшего Латвию и Эстонию в 1939-1940гг. по документам на фамилию «Клее»Вильгельма Крибица, начальника реферата 3F (внешняя контрразведка) абверштелле «Кёнигсберг».
История русского национального меньшинства в Эстонии до 1945 г. : опыт историографии
Creators: name: Никифоров Илья
Publisher: name: Журнал российских и восточноевропейских исторических исследований
Year: 2017
Subjects: ЭСТОНИЯ
РОССИЯ
СССР
РУССКОЕ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ МЕНЬШИНСТВО
ИСТОРИОГРАФИЯ
ИСТО-РИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА

description: Особенности советской и эстонской эмигрантской исторической политики негативно отсрочили старт изучения истории русского национального мень-шинства в Эстонии до 1945г., которому в то время было отказано в праве быть даже предметом научного исследования. Однако с конца 1980-х гг. была про-делана значительная исследовательская работа, описанная в данном историо-графическом обзоре
Anomalies in fluid dynamics: flows in a chiral background via variational principle
Creators: name: Abanov, Alexander G.
name: Wiegmann, Paul B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study flows of barotropic perfect fluid under the simultaneous action of the electromagnetic field and the axial-vector potential, the external field conjugate to the fluid helicity. We obtain the deformation of the Euler equation by the axial-vector potential and the deformations of various currents by two external fields. We show that the divergence of the vector and axial currents are controlled by the chiral anomaly known in quantum field theories with Dirac fermions. We obtain these results by extending the variational principle for barotropic flows of a perfect fluid by coupling with the external axial-vector potential.
description: 13 pages, no figures; typos corrected, references added
A Simple Derivation of Finite-Temperature CFT Correlators from the BTZ Black Hole
Creators: name: Ohya, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple Lie-algebraic approach to momentum-space two-point functions of two-dimensional conformal field theory at finite temperature dual to the BTZ black hole. Making use of the real-time prescription of AdS/CFT correspondence and ladder equations of the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{so}(2,2) \cong \mathfrak{sl}(2,\mathbb{R})_{L} \oplus \mathfrak{sl}(2,\mathbb{R})_{R}$, we show that the finite-temperature two-point functions in momentum space satisfy linear recurrence relations with respect to the left and right momenta. These recurrence relations are exactly solvable and completely determine the momentum-dependence of retarded and advanced two-point functions of finite-temperature conformal field theory.
description: 10 pages; typos corrected, a reference added, discussions improved
Kuramoto model of synchronization: Equilibrium and nonequilibrium aspects
Creators: name: Gupta, Shamik
name: Campa, Alessandro
name: Ruffo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, there has been considerable interest in the study of spontaneous synchronization, particularly within the framework of the Kuramoto model. The model comprises oscillators with distributed natural frequencies interacting through a mean-field coupling, and serves as a paradigm to study synchronization. In this review, we put forward a general framework in which we discuss in a unified way known results with more recent developments obtained for a generalized Kuramoto model that includes inertial effects and noise. We describe the model from a different perspective, highlighting the long-range nature of the interaction between the oscillators, and emphasizing the equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium aspects of its dynamics from a statistical physics point of view. In the first main section, we introduce the model and discuss for the noiseless and noisy dynamics and unimodal frequency distributions the synchronization transition that occurs in the stationary state. In the second section, we introduce the generalized model, and discuss its synchronization phase diagram for unimodal frequency distributions. In the third section, we describe deviations from the mean-field setting of the Kuramoto model by considering the generalized dynamics on a one-dimensional periodic lattice on the sites of which the oscillators reside and interact with a coupling that decays as an inverse power-law of their separation. For two specific cases, namely, in the absence of noise and inertia, and in the case when the natural frequencies are the same for all the oscillators, we discuss how the long-time transition to synchrony is governed by the dynamics of the mean-field mode (zero Fourier mode) of the spatial distribution of the oscillator phases.
description: 68 pages, 18 figures, invited review for J. Stat. Mech.: Theory Exp; v2: 69 pages,18 figures, published version
Лота В. И. РКС (разведывательный клуб союзников). М. : Кучково поле, 2016. 384 с
Creators: name: Суржик Дмитрий Владимирович
Publisher: name: Журнал российских и восточноевропейских исторических исследований
Year: 2017
Subjects: ИСТОРИЯ РАЗВЕДКИ И КОНТРРАЗВЕДКИ
ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЕ СПЕЦСЛУЖБ
АНТАНТА
ЧЕТВЕР-НОЙ СОЮЗ
АНТИКОМИНТЕРНОВСКИЙ ПАКТ
АНТИГИТЛЕРОВСКАЯ КОАЛИЦИЯ
ВЕЛИКАЯ ОТ-ЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ ВОЙНА

description: Врецензии обращается внимание на сильные и слабые стороны новой книги, посвященной истории взаимодействия спецслужб на внутригосударственном и межгосударственном уровнях в странах-союзницах различных военно-по-литических блоков, складывавшихся в ХХвеке.
DC-ShadowNet: Single-Image Hard and Soft Shadow Removal Using Unsupervised Domain-Classifier Guided Network
Creators: name: Jin, Yeying
name: Sharma, Aashish
name: Tan, Robby T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Shadow removal from a single image is generally still an open problem. Most existing learning-based methods use supervised learning and require a large number of paired images (shadow and corresponding non-shadow images) for training. A recent unsupervised method, Mask-ShadowGAN~\cite{Hu19}, addresses this limitation. However, it requires a binary mask to represent shadow regions, making it inapplicable to soft shadows. To address the problem, in this paper, we propose an unsupervised domain-classifier guided shadow removal network, DC-ShadowNet. Specifically, we propose to integrate a shadow/shadow-free domain classifier into a generator and its discriminator, enabling them to focus on shadow regions. To train our network, we introduce novel losses based on physics-based shadow-free chromaticity, shadow-robust perceptual features, and boundary smoothness. Moreover, we show that our unsupervised network can be used for test-time training that further improves the results. Our experiments show that all these novel components allow our method to handle soft shadows, and also to perform better on hard shadows both quantitatively and qualitatively than the existing state-of-the-art shadow removal methods. Our code is available at: \url{https://github.com/jinyeying/DC-ShadowNet-Hard-and-Soft-Shadow-Removal}.
description: Accepted to ICCV2021, https://github.com/jinyeying/DC-ShadowNet-Hard-and-Soft-Shadow-Removal
Jaynes-Cummings dynamics in mesoscopic ensembles of Rydberg-blockaded atoms
Creators: name: Beterov, I. I.
name: Andrijauskas, T.
name: Tretyakov, D. B.
name: Entin, V. M.
name: Yakshina, E. A.
name: Ryabtsev, I. I.
name: Bergamini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Jaynes-Cummings dynamics can be observed in mesoscopic atomic ensembles interacting with a classical electromagnetic field in the regime of Rydberg blockade, where the time dynamics of the average number of Rydberg excitations in mesoscopic ensembles displays collapses and revivals typical of this model. As the frequency of Rabi oscillations between collective states of Rydberg blockaded ensembles depends on the number of interacting atoms, for randomly loaded optical dipole traps we predict collapses and revivals of Rabi oscillations. We have studied the effects of finite interaction strengths and finite laser line width on the visibility of the revivals. We have shown that observation of collapses and revivals of Rabi oscillations can be used as a signature of Rydberg blockade without the need to measure the exact number of Rydberg atoms.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Typos in Eq.10 and reference list corrected in v3. Versions 4 and 5 are revised according to referee's suggestions
Clustering in a precipitate-free GeMn magnetic semiconductor
Creators: name: Bougeard, Dominique
name: Ahlers, S.
name: Trampert, A.
name: Sircar, N.
name: Abstreiter, G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We present the first study relating structural parameters of precipitate-free Ge0.95Mn0.05 films to magnetization data. Nanometer-sized clusters--areas with increased Mn content on substitutional lattice sites compared to the host matrix--are detected in transmission electron microscopy analysis. The films show no overall spontaneous magnetization at all down to 2 K. The TEM and magnetization results are interpreted in terms of an assembly of superparamagnetic moments developing in the dense distribution of clusters. Each cluster individually turns ferromagnetic below an ordering temperature which depends on its volume and Mn content.
Печатнов В. О. , Магадеев И. Э. Переписка И. В. Сталина с Ф. Рузвельтом и У. Черчиллем в годы Великой Отечественной войны. Документальное исследование: в 2 Т. М. : ОЛМА медиа групп, 2015. Т. 1. 656 с. ; Т. 2. 768 с
Creators: name: Бенюк Валентин Анастасьевич
name: Назария Сергей Михайлович
name: Чобу Емельян Иванович
Publisher: name: Журнал российских и восточноевропейских исторических исследований
Year: 2017
Subjects: ПЕРЕПИСКА
МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ
ПОСЛЕВОЕННОЕ МИРОУСТРОЙСТВО
И.В. СТА-ЛИН
Ф. РУЗВЕЛЬТ
У. ЧЕРЧИЛЛЬ

description: В 2015г. увидела свет рецензируемая работа двух российских историков, спе-циалистов в области международных отношений в эпоху Второй мировой вой ны, доктора исторических наук, профессора Владимира Печатнова и кан-дидата исторических наук Искандэра Магадеева. Мы считаем, что данная ра-бота послужит в качестве одного из наиболее серьезных документальных ис-точников для исследователей международных отношений в период Великой Отечественной войны.
Efficient Emission Reduction Through Dynamic Supply Mode Selection
Creators: name: Drent, Melvin
name: Moradi, Poulad
name: Arts, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90

description: We study the inbound supply mode and inventory management decision making for a company that sells an assortment of products. Stochastic demand for each product arrives periodically and unmet demand is backlogged. Each product has two distinct supply modes that may be different suppliers or different transport modes from the same supplier. These supply modes differ in terms of their carbon emissions, speed, and costs. The company needs to decide when to ship how much using which supply mode such that total holding, backlog, and procurement costs are minimized while the emissions associated with different supply modes across the assortment remains below a certain target level. Since the optimal policy for this inventory system is highly complex, we assume that shipment decisions for each product are governed by a dual-index policy. This policy dynamically prescribes shipment quantities with both supply modes based on the on-hand inventory, the backlog, and the products that are still in-transit. We formulate this decision problem as a mixed integer linear program that we solve through Dantzig-wolfe decomposition. We benchmark our decision model against two state-of-the-art approaches in a large test-bed based on real-life carbon emissions data. Relative to our decision model, the first benchmark lacks the flexibility to dynamically ship products with two supply modes while the second benchmark makes supply mode decisions for each product individually rather than holistically for the entire assortment. Our computational experiment shows that our decision model can outperform the first and second benchmark by up to 15 and 40 percent, respectively, for realistic targets for carbon emission reduction.
Evarts E. , pavlovičs J. Ikdienas dzīve latvijā nacistiskās vācijas okupācijas laikā. 1941-1945. Rīga: zinātne, 2016. 368 lpp
Creators: name: Симиндей Владимир Владимирович
Publisher: name: Журнал российских и восточноевропейских исторических исследований
Year: 2017
Subjects: ВТОРАЯ МИРОВАЯ ВОЙНА
ЛАТВИЯ
ГЕРМАНИЯ
НАЦИСТСКАЯ ОККУПАЦИЯ

description: Вфокусе внимания авторов рецензируемой книгиповседневность нацист-ской оккупации Латвии, вопросы существования и выживания большей части населения, которая не рисковала подвергнуться уничтожению по этническо-му или социально-политическому принципу, но испытывала определенные трудности в быту и в коммуникации с германскими оккупантами, нарастав-шие к концу войны.
Accelerated and Quantitative 3D Semisolid MT/CEST Imaging using a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN-CEST)
Creators: name: Weigand-Whittier, Jonah
name: Sedykh, Maria
name: Herz, Kai
name: Coll-Font, Jaume
name: Foster, Anna N.
name: Gerstner, Elizabeth R.
name: Nguyen, Christopher
name: Zaiss, Moritz
name: Farrar, Christian T.
name: Perlman, Or
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: To substantially shorten the acquisition time required for quantitative 3D chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) and semisolid magnetization transfer (MT) imaging and allow for rapid chemical exchange parameter map reconstruction. Methods: Three-dimensional CEST and MT magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) datasets of L-arginine phantoms, whole-brains, and calf muscles from healthy volunteers, cancer patients, and cardiac patients were acquired using 3T clinical scanners at 3 different sites, using 3 different scanner models and coils. A generative adversarial network supervised framework (GAN-CEST) was then designed and trained to learn the mapping from a reduced input data space to the quantitative exchange parameter space, while preserving perceptual and quantitative content. Results: The GAN-CEST 3D acquisition time was 42-52 seconds, 70% shorter than CEST-MRF. The quantitative reconstruction of the entire brain took 0.8 seconds. An excellent agreement was observed between the ground truth and GAN-based L-arginine concentration and pH values (Pearson's r > 0.97, NRMSE < 1.5%). GAN-CEST images from a brain-tumor subject yielded a semi-solid volume fraction and exchange rate NRMSE of 3.8$\pm$1.3% and 4.6$\pm$1.3%, respectively, and SSIM of 96.3$\pm$1.6% and 95.0$\pm$2.4%, respectively. The mapping of the calf-muscle exchange parameters in a cardiac patient, yielded NRMSE < 7% and SSIM > 94% for the semi-solid exchange parameters. In regions with large susceptibility artifacts, GAN-CEST has demonstrated improved performance and reduced noise compared to MRF. Conclusion: GAN-CEST can substantially reduce the acquisition time for quantitative semisolid MT/CEST mapping, while retaining performance even when facing pathologies and scanner models that were not available during training.
description: This project received funding from NIH Grants R01-CA203873, R01-EB03008, P41-RR14075, and the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 836752 (OncoViroMRI). This paper reflects only the author's view, and the European Research Executive Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains
Damage processes in thermoviscoelastic materials with damage-dependent thermal expansion coefficients
Creators: name: Heinemann, Christian
name: Rocca, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35D30, 34B14, 74A45

description: In this paper we prove existence of global in time weak solutions for a highly nonlinear PDE system arising in the context of damage phenomena in thermoviscoelastic materials. The main novelty of the present contribution with respect to the ones already present in the literature consists in the possibility of taking into account a damage-dependent thermal expansion coefficient. This term implies the presence of nonlinear couplings in the PDE system, which make the analysis more challenging.
Interstitial-mediated diffusion in germanium under proton irradiation
Creators: name: Bracht, H.
name: Schneider, S.
name: Klug, J. N.
name: Liao, C. Y.
name: Lundsgaard Hansen, J.
name: Haller, E. E.
name: Nylandsted Larsen, A.
name: Bougeard, Dominique
name: Posselt, M.
name: Wündisch, C.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report experiments on the impact of 2.5 MeV proton irradiation on self-diffusion and dopant diffusion in germanium (Ge). Self-diffusion under irradiation reveals an unusual depth independent broadening of the Ge isotope multilayer structure. This behavior and the observed enhanced diffusion of B and retarded diffusion of P demonstrates that an interstitial-mediated diffusion process dominates in Ge under irradiation. This fundamental finding opens up unique ways to suppress vacancy-mediated diffusion in Ge and to solve the donor deactivation problem that hinders the fabrication of Ge-based nanoelectronic devices.
A novel Deep Learning approach for one-step Conformal Prediction approximation
Creators: name: Meister, Julia A.
name: Nguyen, Khuong An
name: Kapetanakis, Stelios
name: Luo, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Learning predictions with measurable confidence are increasingly desirable for real-world problems, especially in high-risk settings. The Conformal Prediction (CP) framework is a versatile solution that guarantees a maximum error rate given minimal constraints. In this paper, we propose a novel conformal loss function that approximates the traditionally two-step CP approach in a single step. By evaluating and penalising deviations from the stringent expected CP output distribution, a Deep Learning model may learn the direct relationship between the input data and the conformal p-values. We carry out a comprehensive empirical evaluation to show our novel loss function's competitiveness for seven binary and multi-class prediction tasks on five benchmark datasets. On the same datasets, our approach achieves significant training time reductions up to 86% compared to Aggregated Conformal Prediction (ACP), while maintaining comparable approximate validity and predictive efficiency.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables
Наумов А. О. "мягкая сила", "цветные революции" и технологии смены политических режимов в начале ХХI века. М. : Аргамак-Медиа, 2016. 274 с
Creators: name: Вилков Максим Александрович
Publisher: name: Журнал российских и восточноевропейских исторических исследований
Year: 2017
Subjects: МЯГКАЯ СИЛА
ЦВЕТНЫЕ РЕВОЛЮЦИИ
США
СЕРБИЯ
ГРУЗИЯ
УКРАИНА
КИРГИЗИЯ
ТУНИС
ЕГИПЕТ

description: Рецензия на работу российского историка и политолога Александра Наумова, посвященную исследованию широко распространенных в современном ин-формационном пространстве терминов «мягкая сила» и «цветные революции». Рецензент обращает внимание на большую работу, проделанную автором по вы-явлению смыслов, которые изначально вкладывались в эти понятия, икак их по-нимание меняется при реальном политическом применении. Вчастности, автор отдельно разбирает, как «мягкая сила» и практика организации с ее помощью «цветных революций» активно применяются СШАв последние десятилетия.
Complex curves in hypercomplex nilmanifolds with H-solvable Lie algebras
Creators: name: Gorginyan, Yulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An operator $I$ on a real Lie algebra $A$ is called a complex structure operator if $I^2=-Id$ and the $\sqrt{-1}$-eigenspace $A^{1,0}$ is a Lie subalgebra in the complexification of $A$. A hypercomplex structure on a Lie algebra $A$ is a triple of complex structures $I,J$ and $K$ on $A$ satisfying the quaternionic relations. We call a hypercomplex nilpotent Lie algebra quaternionic-solvable if there exists a finite filtration by quaternionic-invariant subalgebras with commutative subquotients which converges to zero. We give examples of quaternionic-solvable hypercomplex structures on a nilpotent Lie algebra and conjecture that all hypercomplex structures on nilpotent Lie algebras are quaternionic-solvable. Let $(N,I,J,K)$ be a compact hypercomplex nilmanifold associated to an quaternionic-solvable hypercomplex Lie algebra. We prove that, for a general complex structure $L$ induced by quaternions, there are no complex curves in a complex manifold $(N,L)$.
description: version 1.0, 19 pages
Hubble Space Telescope Near-IR Transmission Spectroscopy of the Super-Earth HD 97658b
Creators: name: Knutson, Heather A.
name: Dragomir, Diana
name: Kreidberg, Laura
name: Kempton, Eliza M. -R.
name: McCullough, P. R.
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Gillon, Michael
name: Homeier, Derek
name: Howard, Andrew W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results from the Kepler mission indicate that super-Earths (planets with masses between 1-10 times that of the Earth) are the most common kind of planet around nearby Sun-like stars. These planets have no direct solar system analogue, and are currently one of the least well-understood classes of extrasolar planets. Many super-Earths have average densities that are consistent with a broad range of bulk compositions, including both water-dominated worlds and rocky planets covered by a thick hydrogen and helium atmosphere. Measurements of the transmission spectra of these planets offer the opportunity to resolve this degeneracy by directly constraining the scale heights and corresponding mean molecular weights of their atmospheres. We present Hubble Space Telescope near-infrared spectroscopy of two transits of the newly discovered transiting super-Earth HD 97658b. We use the Wide Field Camera 3's scanning mode to measure the wavelength-dependent transit depth in thirty individual bandpasses. Our averaged differential transmission spectrum has a median 1 sigma uncertainty of 23 ppm in individual bins, making this the most precise observation of an exoplanetary transmission spectrum obtained with WFC3 to date. Our data are inconsistent with a cloud-free solar metallicity atmosphere at the 10 sigma level. They are consistent at the 0.4 sigma level with a flat line model, as well as effectively flat models corresponding to a metal-rich atmosphere or a solar metallicity atmosphere with a cloud or haze layer located at pressures of 10 mbar or higher.
description: ApJ in press; revised version includes an updated orbital ephemeris for the planet
Польская молодежная политика на территории Западной Беларуси в межвоенный период
Creators: name: Кривуть Виталий Иванович
Publisher: name: Журнал российских и восточноевропейских исторических исследований
Year: 2017
Subjects: Западная Беларусь; Польша; режим «санации»; молодежная политика; этническая политика; политические репрессии

description: Статья посвящена изучению основных мероприятий, проводившихся польскими властями в молодежной среде Западной Беларуси в межвоенный период. Анализируются основные цели концепции «государственного воспитания» и главные направления официальной молодежной политики — военная подготовка, аграрное просвещение молодого поколения, гражданско-патриотическое воспитание. Показана активизация данной политики после установления в польском государстве «санационного» режима маршала Ю. Пилсудского. Также освещается роль проправительственных молодежных союзов в реализации государственной молодежной политики на территории Западной Беларуси в 1920-х–1930-х гг.
Continuous-Variable Quantum Computing in Optical Time-Frequency Modes using Quantum Memories
Creators: name: Humphreys, Peter C.
name: Kolthammer, W. Steven
name: Nunn, Joshua
name: Barbieri, Marco
name: Datta, Animesh
name: Walmsley, Ian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a scheme for time-frequency encoded continuous-variable cluster-state quantum computing using quantum memories. In particular, we propose a method to produce, manipulate and measure 2D cluster states in a single spatial mode by exploiting the intrinsic time-frequency selectivity of Raman quantum memories. Time-frequency encoding enables the scheme to be extremely compact, requiring a number of memories that is a linear function of only the number of different frequencies in which the computational state is encoded, independent of its temporal duration. We therefore show that quantum memories can be a powerful component for scalable photonic quantum information processing architectures.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, and supplementary information. Updated to be consistent with published version
Categorification of Negative Information using Enrichment
Creators: name: Censi, Andrea
name: Frazzoli, Emilio
name: Lorand, Jonathan
name: Zardini, Gioele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many engineering applications it is useful to reason about "negative information". For example, in planning problems, providing an optimal solution is the same as giving a feasible solution (the "positive" information) together with a proof of the fact that there cannot be feasible solutions better than the one given (the "negative" information). We model negative information by introducing the concept of "norphisms", as opposed to the positive information of morphisms. A "nategory" is a category that has "nom"-sets in addition to hom-sets, and specifies the interaction between norphisms and morphisms. In particular, we have composition rules of the form morphism + norphism $\to$ norphism. Norphisms do not compose by themselves; rather, they use morphisms as catalysts. After providing several applied examples, we connect nategories to enriched category theory. Specifically, we prove that categories enriched in de Paiva's dialectica categories GC, in the case C = Set and equipped with a modified monoidal product, define nategories which satisfy additional regularity properties. This formalizes negative information categorically in a way that makes negative and positive morphisms equal citizens.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2022, arXiv:2307.15519
Higgs in Nilpotent Supergravity: Vacuum Energy and Festina Lente
Creators: name: Mohseni, Amineh
name: Torabian, Mahdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we study supergravity models with constrained superfields. We construct a supergravity framework in which all (super)symmetry breaking dynamics happen in vacuum with naturally (or otherwise asymptotically) vanishing energy. Supersymmetry is generically broken in multiple sectors each of them is parametrized by a nilpotent goldstino superfield. Dynamical fields (the Higgs, inflaton, etc) below the supersymmetry breaking scale are constrained superfields of various types. In this framework, there is a dominant supersymmetry breaking sector which uplifts the potential to zero value. Other sources of supersymmetry breaking have (asymptotically) vanishing contribution to vacuum energy such that supersymmetry is locally restored. Demanding vanishing vacuum energy constrains the structure of the superpotential and Kahler potential; there is a superpotential term for each secluded sector directly interacting with a nilpotent superfield and the Kahler potential must have a shift symmetry along Higgs field directions. This structure is inspired by elements that appear in string theory. We also study the Higgs dynamics during inflation and show that the swampland Festina Lente bound could be realized in this framework.
description: 8 pages
Multi-leptons and Top-jets in the Hunt for Gluinos in R-parity Violating Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Biswas, Sanjoy
name: Ghosh, Diptimoy
name: Niyogi, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of R-parity ($\mathcal{R}_p$) violation offers intersting decay channels for the gluinos. In this work we present a new search strategy for the gluinos in the presence of semileptonic $\mathcal{R}_p$ violating couplings $λ^{'}_{133}$ and $λ^{'}_{233}$. We consider two scenarios (i) $λ^{'}$ induced 3-body decay of gluinos to a top quark ($t$), a bottom quark ($b$) and a light lepton ($\ell$) (ii) cascade decay of gluinos to top quarks and neutralinos ($\widetildeχ_1^0$) followed by the decay of $\widetildeχ_1^0$ to $t$, $b$ and $\ell$ through $λ^{'}$ couplings. We present two different search procedures which are common to both the scenarios. While the first one involves the traditional approach with multi-leptons and $b$-tagged jets, the second one employs the more recent technique to reconstruct highly energetic hadronically decaying top quarks. We perform a detailed simulation of the signal as well as all the relevant Standard Model backgrounds to show that the second procedure offers slightly better sensitivity for gluino discovery. In both the procedures, a $\geq$ 5$σ$ discovery is possible for the gluino mass in the range 1.5 -1.7 TeV at 14 TeV LHC with 50 fb$^{-1}$ integrated luminosity.
description: Event selection cuts optimized, results significantly improved, more discussions added. Version to appear in JHEP
Additional file 1 of Mesothelin- and nucleolin-specific T cells from combined short peptides effectively kill triple-negative breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Thongchot, Suyanee
name: Aksonnam, Krittaya
name: Prasopsiri, Jaturawitt
name: Warnnissorn, Malee
name: Sa-nguanraksa, Doonyapat
name: O-Charoenrat, Pornchai
name: Thuwajit, Peti
name: Yenchitsomanus, Pa-thai
name: Thuwajit, Chanitra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. HLA of breast cancer cells and healthy donors.
Instrumental Variable Estimation of Marginal Structural Mean Models for Time-Varying Treatment
Creators: name: Michael, Haben
name: Cui, Yifan
name: Lorch, Scott A.
name: Tchetgen, Eric J. Tchetgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Robins introduced Marginal Structural Models (MSMs), a general class of counterfactual models for the joint effects of time-varying treatment regimes in complex longitudinal studies subject to time-varying confounding. In his work, identification of MSM parameters is established under a Sequential Randomization Assumption (SRA), which rules out unmeasured confounding of treatment assignment over time. We consider sufficient conditions for identification of the parameters of a subclass, Marginal Structural Mean Models (MSMMs), when sequential randomization fails to hold due to unmeasured confounding, using instead a time-varying instrumental variable. Our identification conditions require that no unobserved confounder predicts compliance type for the time-varying treatment. We describe a simple weighted estimator and examine its finite-sample properties in a simulation study. We apply the proposed estimator to examine the effect of delivery hospital type on neonatal survival probability. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Non-collinear Andreev reflections in semiconductor nanowires
Creators: name: Wu, B. H.
name: Yi, W.
name: Cao, J. C.
name: Guo, G. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that noncollinear Andreev reflections can be induced at interfaces of semiconductor nanowires with spin-orbit coupling, Zeeman splitting and proximity-induced superconductivity. In a noncollinear local Andreev reflection, the spin polarizations of the injected and the retro-reflected carriers are typically at an angle which is tunable via system parameters. While in a nonlocal transport, this noncollinearity enables us to identify and block, at different voltage configurations, the noncollinear cross Andreev reflection and the direct charge transfer processes. We demonstrate that the intriguing noncollinearity originates from the spin-dependent coupling between carriers in the lead and the lowest discrete states in the wire, which, for a topological superconducting nanowire, are related to the overlap-induced hybridization of Majorana edge states in a finite system. These interesting phenomena can be observed in semiconductor nanowires of experimentally relevant lengths, and are potentially useful for spintronics.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. With significant modifications
Советско-германская торговля в первой половине 1941 г. (по материалам статистики Главного таможенного управления)
Creators: name: Мельтюхов Михаил Иванович
Publisher: name: Журнал российских и восточноевропейских исторических исследований
Year: 2017
Subjects: Советский Союз; Германия; внешняя торговля; статистика; Главное таможенное управление; Наркомат внешней торговли СССР; первая половина 1941 г.

description: Советско-германская торговля накануне Великой Отечественной войны, несмотря на появление ряда российских исследований, все еще остается недостаточно изученной. Введение в научный оборот цифровых данных внешнеторговых ведомостей Главного таможенного управления НКВТ СССР за первую половину 1941 г. наряду с уже опубликованными материалами дает возможность оценить динамику и масштаб советско-германской торговли в 1939–1941 гг. Публикуемые сведения по советско-германской торговле в первом полугодии 1941 г. дают представление о конкретных объемах советского экспорта и импорта как в абсолютных цифрах, так и в процентном отношении к ежемесячной, квартальной и полугодовой внешней торговле СССР, а также о структуре советской внешней торговли с Германией. Кроме того, вводимые в научный оборот материалы позволяют поставить вопрос о соответствии натурных показателей германской и советской внешнеторговых статистик советского экспорта в Германию за первое полугодие 1941 г.
Quantum Speed Limit under Brachistochrone Evolution
Creators: name: Dou, Fu-Quan
name: Han, Min-Peng
name: Shu, Chuan-Cun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the Heisenberg uncertainty principle between time and energy fluctuation, a concept of the quantum speed limit (QSL) has been established to determine the minimum evolutionary time between quantum states. Considerable theoretical and experimental efforts are invested in obtaining the QSL time bounds in various scenarios. However, it remains a long-standing goal to derive a meaningful QSL bound for a general quantum problem. Here, we propose a geometrical approach to derive a QSL bound for closed and open quantum systems. By solving a quantum brachistochrone problem in the framework of the Riemannian metric, we show that the QSL between a given initial state to a final state is determined not only by the entire dynamics of the system but also by the individual dynamics of a critical parameter. We exemplify the utility of the new bound in three representative scenarios, demonstrating a pronounced advantage in finding a tight and meaningful QSL bound of a general quantum evolution problem.
description: 10 pages,4 figures
Datenkompetenz von Anfang an! Maschinenbau, Sustainable Engineering
Creators: name: Pelz, Peter F.
name: Richter, Manuela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: FAIRe Daten sind der Rohstoff des 21ten Jahrhunderts. Sie sind Enabler für Transparenz, Nachhaltigkeit, Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft. Der Vermittlung von Datenkompetenz kommt somit eine Schlüsselrolle zu. Der Vortrag zeigt auf, wo und wie Datenkompetenz im Bachelorstudiengang Maschinenbau der TU Darmstadt vermittelt wird.
description: Manuela Richter und Prof. Dr.-Ing. Peter Pelz möchten sich bei Bund, Ländern und bei der Gemeinsamen Wissenschaftskonferenz (GWK) für die Förderung und Unterstützung im Rahmen des Konsortiums NFDI4Ing bedanken. Gefördert durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) - Projektnummer 442146713.
Additional file 1 of Fluid intelligence but not need for cognition is associated with attitude change in response to the correction of misinformation
Creators: name: Hutmacher, Fabian
name: Appel, Markus
name: Schätzlein, Benjamin
name: Mengelkamp, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Ramsey numbers of semi-algebraic and semi-linear hypergraphs
Creators: name: Jin, Zhihan
name: Tomon, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An $r$-uniform hypergraph $H$ is semi-algebraic of complexity $\mathbf{t}=(d,D,m)$ if the vertices of $H$ correspond to points in $\mathbb{R}^{d}$, and the edges of $H$ are determined by the sign-pattern of $m$ degree-$D$ polynomials. Semi-algebraic hypergraphs of bounded complexity provide a general framework for studying geometrically defined hypergraphs. The much-studied semi-algebraic Ramsey number $R_{r}^{\mathbf{t}}(s,n)$ denotes the smallest $N$ such that every $r$-uniform semi-algebraic hypergraph of complexity $\mathbf{t}$ on $N$ vertices contains either a clique of size $s$, or an independent set of size $n$. Conlon, Fox, Pach, Sudakov, and Suk proved that $R_{r}^{\mathbf{t}}(n,n)<\mbox{tw}_{r-1}(n^{O(1)})$, where $\mbox{tw}_{k}(x)$ is a tower of 2's of height $k$ with an $x$ on the top. This bound is also the best possible if $\min\{d,D,m\}$ is sufficiently large with respect to $r$. They conjectured that in the asymmetric case, we have $R_{3}^{\mathbf{t}}(s,n)n^{(\log n)^{1/3-o(1)}}$ for some complexity $\mathbf{t}$. In addition, motivated by results of Bukh and Matoušek and Basit, Chernikov, Starchenko, Tao and Tran, we study the complexity of the Ramsey problem when the defining polynomials are linear, that is, when $D=1$. In particular, we prove that $R_{r}^{d,1,m}(n,n)\leq 2^{O(n^{4r^2m^2})}$, while from below, we establish $R^{1,1,1}_{r}(n,n)\geq 2^{Ω(n^{\lfloor r/2\rfloor-1})}$.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, published in JCTB