cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalized perspective on chiral measurements without magnetic interactions
Creators: name: Ordonez, Andres F.
name: Smirnova, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a unified description of several methods of chiral discrimination based exclusively on electric-dipole interactions. It includes photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD), enantio-sensitive microwave spectroscopy (EMWS), photoexcitation circular dichroism (PXCD), and photoelectron-photoexcitation circular dichroism (PXECD). We show that, in spite of the fact that the physics underlying the appearance of a chiral response is very different in all these methods, the enantio-sensitive and dichroic observable in all cases has a unique form. It is a polar vector given by the product of (i) a molecular pseudoscalar and (ii) a field pseudovector specified by the configuration of the electric fields interacting with the isotropic ensemble of chiral molecules. The molecular pseudoscalar is a rotationally invariant property, which is composed from different molecule-specific vectors and in the simplest case is a triple product of such vectors. The key property that enables the chiral response is the non-coplanarity of the vectors forming such triple product. The key property that enables chiral detection without relying on the chirality of the electromagnetic fields is the vectorial nature of the enantio-sensitive observable. Our compact and general expression for this observable shows what ultimately determines the efficiency of the chiral signal and if, or when, it can reach 100%. We also discuss the differences between the two phenomena, which rely on the bound states, PXCD and EMWS, and the two phenomena using the continuum states, PECD and PXECD. Finally, we extend these methods to arbitrary polarizations of the electric fields used to induce and probe the chiral response.
description: Added section "II. Chiral measurements and enantio-sensitive observables". Added appendix "A. Beyond the electric-dipole approximation: the magnetic dipole, the helicity of light, and absorption circular dichroism". Added figure 1: chiral setup. Added equations 1 and 2. Improved clarity of conclusions. Fixed minor typos
Statistical hadronization of charm quarks in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions
Creators: name: Andronic, A.
name: Braun-Munzinger, P.
name: Redlich, K.
name: Stachel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the production of charmonium and open charm in nuclear collisions at SPS/FAIR energies within the framework of the statistical hadronization model. The increasing importance at lower energies of Lambda_c production is discussed and provides a challenge for future experiments. We also show that possible modifications of charmed hadrons in the hot hadronic medium do not lead to measurable changes in the cross sections for D-meson production. A possible influence of medium effects can be seen, however, in yields of charmonium. These effects are visible at all energies and results will be presented for the energy range between charm threshold and RHIC energy.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures; contribution at Workshop "Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement", July 9-13, 2007, Darmstadt, Germany
Additional file 1 of Growth and physiological impairments in Fe-starved alfalfa are associated with the downregulation of Fe and S transporters along with redox imbalance
Creators: name: Rahman, Md Atikur
name: Ahmed, Md Bulbul
name: Alotaibi, Fahad
name: Alotaibi, Khaled D.
name: Ziadi, Noura
name: Lee, Ki-Won
name: Kabir, Ahmad Humayan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of primers used for qPCR.
Yuqumli kasalliklar va ularning oldini olish.
Creators: name: Xusainova Muxiba Shavkatovna., Abu Ali ibn Sino Jamoat salomatligi Texnikumi.
name: Kafiyeva Martaba Xushvaqtovna., Abu Ali ibn Sino Jamoat salomatligi Texnikumi.
name: Hakimova Xonbuvi, Abu Ali ibn Sino Jamoat salomatligi Texnikumi.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  ushbu maqolada yuqumli kasalliklarning ahamiyati va ularning oldini olishning ahamiyati o'rganilgan. Unda yuqumli kasalliklar tarqalishini oldini olish uchun emlash, gigiena va sog'liqni saqlash choralari kabi turli usullar muhokama qilinadi. Maqola so'nggi adabiyotlarni ko'rib chiqadi va kasalliklarni nazorat qilishda emlashning muhim rolini ta'kidlaydi. Shuningdek, ushbu profilaktika strategiyalarining usullari va natijalari muhokama qilinadi, so'ngra ularning sog'liqni saqlashga ta'siri muhokama qilinadi. Maqola yuqumli kasalliklarga qarshi kurashishda yaxshiroq tayyorgarlik bo'yicha takliflar bilan yakunlanadi.
An Efficient and Accurate Hybrid Method for Simulating Non-Linear Neutrino Structure
Creators: name: Bird, Simeon
name: Ali-Haïmoud, Yacine
name: Feng, Yu
name: Liu, Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient and accurate method for simulating massive neutrinos in cosmological structure formation simulations, together with an easy to use public implementation. Our method builds on our earlier implementation of the linear response approximation (LRA) for neutrinos, coupled with an N-body code for cold dark matter particles. The LRA's good behaviour at early times and in the linear regime is preserved, while better following the non-linear clustering of neutrinos on small scales. Massive neutrinos are split into initially "fast" and "slow" components. The fast component is followed analytically with the LRA all the way to redshift zero. The slow component is evolved with the LRA only down to a switch-on redshift $z_ν= 1$, below which it is followed with the particle method, in order to fully account for its non-linear evolution. The slow neutrino particles are initialized at $z = 99$ in order to have accurate positions and velocities at the switch-on time, but are not used to compute the potential until $z \leq 1$, thus avoiding the worst effect of particle shot noise. We show that our hybrid method matches (and for small neutrino masses, exceeds) the accuracy of neutrino particle simulations with substantially lower particle load requirements.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures. Version accepted by MNRAS
Response to Comment on “Life-Cycle Analysis of Alternative Automobile Fuel/Propulsion Technologies”
Creators: name: Lave, Lester B
name: Maclean, Heather
name: Hendrickson, Chris
name: Lankey, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We thank Seager and Brown (1) for their comments. We agree that “LCA can be an objective, scientific approach to testing certain hypotheses ...,” that “The greatest value in [our article] ... is not conclusions, per se, but the methodology employed” and that the value of abating air pollutants ...”vary widely”. In particular, our valuation of air pollutants displays a wide range of values (2). The other points require discussion.
Decoupling of Photon Propagator in Compact QED
Creators: name: Yee, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In compact QED$_{2+1}$ quantum monopole fluctuations induce confinement by expelling electric flux in a dual Meissner effect. Guided by Landau-Ginzburg theory, one might guess that the inverse London penetration depth $λ^{-1}$---the only physical mass scale---equals the photon propagator mass pole $M_γ$. I show this is not true. Indeed, in the Villain approximation the monopole part of the partition function factorizes from the photon part, whose dynamical variables are Dirac strings. Since Dirac strings are gauge-variant structures, I conclude that $M_γ$ is physically irrelevant: it is not a blood relative of $λ$ or any other quantity in the gauge-invariant sector. This result is confirmed by numerical simulations in the full theory, where $M_γ$ is not sensitive to monopole prohibition but essentially vanishes if Dirac strings are prohibited.
description: (Postscript file fixed; see file header.) 4 pages, DOE/ER/40617-135 and LSUHEP-10-92
John Roundell Palmer, 4th Earl of Selborne from John Roundell Palmer, Fourth earl of selborne. 24 March 1940—12 February 2021
Creators: name: Goodman, Dougal
name: Napper, Simon
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430399
subject: Historical studies not elsewhere classified

description: Occasionally, the Royal Society confers a fellowship on individuals not because of distinction in any one branch of science but rather for their contribution to science as a whole. Among that select group of Fellows was John Roundell Palmer, fourth Earl of Selborne GBE DL FRS, who was elected in 1991. A member of the House of Lords for nearly 50 years, a primary focus for his work was the interface between science and technology on the one hand, and policy and legislation on the other. He was elected Chair of the House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology twice, being involved in some of the defining issues in the science agenda over those times. His involvement in the horticultural and agriculture business of his family's estate in Hampshire made him aware of how science research could be of great benefit to the agricultural sector and society at large. His interest led to his becoming the chair of the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), where his ability to achieve a consensus between people with diverse views enabled complex projects to progress. He joined the House of Lords in 1971 as a hereditary peer. In addition, he used his skills and wide-ranging interests to engage with a range of bodies across different sectors. He was at different times: President of the Royal Geographical Society (with Institute of British Geographers (IBG)); Chair of the Advisory Board of the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology; Chancellor of the University of Southampton; Chair of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Master of the Mercers’ Company; member of the Board of Lloyds Bank plc; Chair of Living with Environmental Change; Chair of the Foundation for Science and Technology; and chair or adviser to many other organizations. His contribution to the dialogue between science policy and society was recognized by the award of KBE in 1987 and GBE in 2011.
Research on the Social Impaots of Robotics: Issues and Some Evidence
Creators: name: Goodman, Paul S.
name: Argote, Linda
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The goal of our research program described in this chapter is to contribute to knowledge about how the introduction of robots affects individuals and the structure, functioning, and effectiveness of organizations. Robots are being used in increasing numbers in offices and factories throughout the world. Current estimates put the number of robots in use in the United States in 1983 at about 7, 000 (Hunt & Hunt, 1983 ). Little is known, however, about how individual workers react to the introduction of robots or about how the use of robots affects organizational structures, processes, and outcomes. The research described here is an attempt to fill this gap in our knowledge about the social impact of robotics.
Inhalt
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege
Year: 2024

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 53 Nr. 2 (2024)
Representational Gaps, Team Integration and Team Creativity: The Mediating Roles of Conflict and Coordination
Creators: name: Weingart, Laurie
name: Todorova, Gergana
name: Cronin, Matthew A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Functional diversity is central to the performance of product development teams in that multiple perspectives increase the team’s creativity. Failures in cross-functional product development teams (CFPDTs) are often attributed to a team’s inability to capitalize on their diversity. In this study we develop and test a model based on the representational gaps perspective (Cronin & Weingart, 2007a; Weingart, Cronin, Houser, Cagan, & Vogel, 2005) to determine factors that promote or limit creativity in CFPDTs. In particular we examine how representational gaps and cognitive and affective integration in CFPDTs affect coordination and conflict, which in turn influence the novelty and usefulness of the products designed. Furthermore, we investigate when conflict resulting from the representational gaps stimulates or harms creativity. We test these relationships using a path analysis on data across two time periods from cross-functional product development student teams. Representational gaps, affective integration, and cognitive integration were found to collectively improve team creativity via task conflict, relationship conflict, and coordination. Representational gaps and cognitive integration largely influenced creativity through task conflict, coordination, and conflict management. Affective integration operated via its effect on relationship conflict and an interactive effect with cognitive integration on task conflict. Furthermore, the effects of conflict and coordination on creativity depended on the conflict management approach used by the group. We discuss these findings in detail and end by considering the implications for the management of cross functional teams engaged in potentially creative work.
Technidilaton Phenomenology and Prospects for Production
Creators: name: Halyo, Edi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An effective Lagrangian for the technidilaton and its interactions with matter is constructed. Properties of the technidilaton are compared with those of the Higgs boson. Technidilaton decays and production channels are investigated. Main technidilaton decays are suppressed compared to the Higgs boson and the most important production mechanism is due to gluon fusion. Prospects for technidilaton production and detection at $e^+e^-$ colliders and the SSC are examined. LEP 1, LEP 2 and SSC can find or rule out a technidilaton with a mass up to $10~GeV$, $40~GeV$ and $230~GeV$ respectively.
description: WIS-93/21/JUN-PH, 30 pages in phyzzx.tex, 2 tables in tables.tex and 5 figures
Detailed Multi-Domain Modeling and Faster-Than-Real-Time Hardware Emulation of Small Modular Reactor for EMT Studies
Creators: Weiran Chen, Venkata Dinavahi, Ning Lin
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2024

Small modular reactors (SMRs) are gaining significant attention as a promising solution to address the global energy

demand and simulation is pivotal in expediting the construction of SMRs. However, the point-reactor neutron-kinetics equations of

SMRs are strongly stiff nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs), which poses a great difficulty for numerical computation

of electromagnetic transients (EMT) of power systems coupled with SMRs. In this paper, a semi-analytical solution is proposed

to streamline the comprehensive SMR mathematical model and reduce the model order from 25th to 18th. Additionally,

the conglomeration of selected SMR-based EMT power system benchmark, which includes synchronous machines (SMs), modular

multilevel converters (MMCs), power distribution networks, and varying loads, is described in detail and implemented on

the Xilinx® VCU 118 field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) real-time transient emulation

platform. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in computational speed and stability achieved by the proposed

solution, which achieves a computational accuracy of IEEE 32- bit single-precision floating-point numbers, with a minimum

calculation interval of 800ns, resulting in a remarkable 12.5-fold acceleration in faster-than-real-time (FTRT) performance.

This advancement greatly facilitates the simulation of intricate SMR-based models for EMT studies.
title: A Study on the Effects of the N-Terminal Amino Acid Sequence on the Activation of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Protease
Creators: name: Kendall, Hidayah Muhammad
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1999

description: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTL V-1) is dependent upon the enzymatic activity of its protease for maturation. Maturation of the protease is facilitated by cleavage of specific amino acid residues, followed by dimerization. The effects of the amino acid sequence located N-terminally to the cleavage site on the ability of the protease to become active were the focus of the current study. These amino acid sequences were contributed by the plasmid vector into which the protease gene was inserted.

Surface probability analyses (SPAs) of the vectors, as well as for native sequences which produce the mature protease and other viral proteins indicated that a specific surface topology may be required for cleavage site recognition by the protease. Using this information, two plasmid vectors, pETl 5b and pETl 9b, were selected for use. SPA of the pET15b vector indicated that amino acid sequence located N-terminally to the cleavage site was hydrophobic. In the pETl 9b vector, the sequence was hydrophilic. Three clones of the protease gene were synthesized and inserted into each vector, leading to six protease constructs.

The protease gene was expressed, purified, and activated in each of the constructs. The enzyme was activated against two different buffer systems. One buffer contained sodium citrate, an anti-chaotroph. The other contained 2-( 4-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES). The use of two different buffer systems provided the opportunity to assess the effects of buffers on the activation process. Fluorometry was used to evaluate enzymatic activity.

Results of this study indicated that both the N-terminal amino acid sequence and the composition of the buffer against which the enzyme was activated may affect the level of enzyme activation in specific constructs. Protease constructs composed of a protease gene inserted into the pETl 5b vector exhibited two to four times more enzymatic activity than the same gene inserted into the pETl 9b vector. The use of sodium citrate to promote activation resulted in higher activity levels than when MES buffer was used for activation. The increased level of activation when citrate buffer was used ranged from approximately 1 ¼ times to almost three times the level of activity seen when MES buffer was used.
GPU Accelerated Atomistic Energy Barrier Calculations of Skyrmion Annihilations
Creators: name: Heistracher, Paul
name: Abert, Claas
name: Bruckner, Florian
name: Vogler, Christoph
name: Suess, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present GPU accelerated simulations to calculate the annihilation energy of magnetic skyrmions in an atomistic spin model considering dipole-dipole, exchange, uniaxial-anisotropy and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions using the simplified string method. The skyrmion annihilation energy is directly related to its thermal stability and is a key measure for the applicability of magnetic skyrmions to storage and logic devices. We investigate annihilations mediated by Bloch points as well as annihilations via boundaries for various interaction energies. Both processes show similar behaviour, with boundary annihilations resulting in slightly smaller energy barriers than Bloch point annihilations.
description: Corrected sign in dipole term (equation 1 and 7) and adapted the phase diagram in figure 3. Updated acknowledgement
Detection of non-Gaussian Fluctuations in a Quantum Point Contact
Creators: name: Gershon, G.
name: Bomze, Yu.
name: Sukhorukov, E. V.
name: Reznikov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental study of current fluctuations through a tunable transmission barrier, a quantum point contact, are reported. We measure the probability distribution function of transmitted charge with precision sufficient to extract the first three cumulants. To obtain the intrinsic quantities, corresponding to voltage-biased barrier, we employ a procedure that accounts for the response of the external circuit and the amplifier. The third cumulant, obtained with a high precision, is found to agree with the prediction for the statistics of transport in the non-Poissonian regime.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; published version
From inflation to cosmological electroweak phase transition with a complex scalar singlet
Creators: name: Cheng, Wei
name: Bian, Ligong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the possibility to realize inflation and strong first order electroweak phase transitions(SFOEWPT) together with the relic density explanation. We studied the usual Higgs-portal real singlet dark matter model and the global U(1) breaking complex singlet model with the pseudoscalar being dark matter candidate. We focus on higher dark matter parameter regions due to the lower dark matter masses region are almost excluded by the current direct detection experiments except that of the so-called ${\it Higgs~ funnel ~regime}$ with $m_{DM}\sim m_h/2$. In both models, the SFOEWPT can occur through two-step where the magnitude of the Higgs-singlet quartic couplings can account for the Higgs or singlet inflation. The usual Higgs-portal real singlet dark matter model can not address the correct relic density together with the explanation of inflation and SFOEWPT. With the complex singlet model, the correct relic density can also be obtained simultaneously when the mixing angle $0.1
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, comments welcome
Report of the International Financial Institution Advisory Committee
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan H
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Commission believes that performance of the IMF, the Bank, and the regional banks would improve considerably if each institution was more accountable and had a clearer focus on an important, but limited, set of objectives. Further, the IMF, the Bank, and the regional banks should change their operations to reduce the opportunity for corruption in recipient countries to a minimum. Accountability, accomplishment, effectiveness, and reduction in corruption will not be achieved by hope, exhortation, and rhetoric. Programs must be restructured to change incentives for both recipients and donor institutions. Each institution should have separate functions that do not duplicate the responsibilities and activities o f other institutions. The IMF should continue as crisis manager under new rules that give member countries incentives to increase the safety and soundness o f their financial systems. For the Bank and the regional banks, emphasis should be on poverty reduction and development not, as in the past, on the volume o f lending.
The Structure of the Local Supercluster of Galaxies Revealed by the Three-Dimensional Voronoi's Tessellation Method
Creators: name: Melnyk, O. V.
name: Elyiv, A. A.
name: Vavilova, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 3D Voronoi's tessellation method was first applied to identify groups of galaxies in the structure of a supercluster. The sample under consideration consists of more than 7000 galaxies of the Local Supercluster (LS) with radial velocities up to 3100 km/s. Because of an essential non-homogeneity of the LS catalogue, it was proposed to overscale distances in such an ''artificial'' way that the concentration of galaxies was varying as with increase of the distance a power-behaved function with the same exponent beta as for the full homogeneous catalogue. Various parameters of clustering were taking into account: alpha (0.01, 0.1, 1%) as the part of galaxies, which have the relative volume of a Voronoi's cell smaller than the critical one for the random distribution; beta = 0, which fits to the random galaxy distribution; beta = 0.7, which is close to the pancake galaxy distribution. It is revealed that Voronoi's tessellation method depends weakly on beta-parameter, and the number of galaxies in rich structures is growing rather than in poor ones with increase of alpha-parameter. The comparison of the groups derived with the groups obtained by Karachentsev's dynamical method shows that the number of groups, which coincides by all the components, is 22%. As a whole, the dynamical method is more preferred for identifying sparsely populated galaxy groups, whereas 3D Voronoi's tessellation method is preferred for more populated ones.
description: 14 pages
Inverse Design of Compact Multimode Cavity Couplers
Creators: name: Jin, Weiliang
name: Molesky, Sean
name: Lin, Zin
name: Fu, Kai-Mei C.
name: Rodriguez, Alejandro W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient coupling between on-chip sources and cavities plays a key role in silicon photonics. However, despite the importance of this basic functionality, there are few systematic design tools to simultaneously control coupling between multiple modes in a compact resonator and a single waveguide. Here, we propose a large-scale adjoint optimization approach to produce wavelength-scale waveguide--cavity couplers operating over tunable and broad frequency bands. We numerically demonstrate couplers discovered by this method that can achieve critical, or nearly critical, coupling between multi-ring cavities and a single waveguide at up to six widely separated wavelengths spanning the $560$--$1500$~nm range of interest for on-chip nonlinear optical devices.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
The Origin of the Sphaleron Dipole Moment
Creators: name: Hindmarsh, Mark
name: James, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By providing a suitable definition of the electromagnetic field off the Higgs vacuum, we show that within the sphaleron there is a monopole-antimonopole pair with quantized charges, and a loop of electromagnetic current. On integration of the relevant charges and currents over the interior in the limit of small $Θ_W$, we recover the standard formula for the sphaleron dipole moment.
description: 13pp Plain TeX, 2 ps figures in 2 files, self-unpacking uuencoded. (Tidied up, discussion of 't Hooft definition of electromagnetic charge, and 2 nice new figures showing charge and current distributions inside the sphaleron.)
Femtosecond photoexcitation dynamics inside a quantum solvent
Creators: name: Thaler, Bernhard
name: Ranftl, Sascha
name: Heim, Pascal
name: Cesnik, Stefan
name: Treiber, Leonhard
name: Meyer, Ralf
name: Hauser, Andreas W.
name: Ernst, Wolfgang E.
name: Koch, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of chemical reactions on the time scale of the motion of electrons and nuclei has been made possible by lasers with ever shortened pulse lengths. Superfluid helium represents a special solvent that permits the synthesis of novel classes of molecules that have eluded dynamical studies so far. However, photoexcitation inside this quantum solvent triggers a pronounced response of the solvation shell, which is not well understood. Here we present a mechanistic description of the solvent response to photoexcitation of indium (In) dopant atoms inside helium nanodroplets (He$_\mathrm{N}$), obtained from femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy and time-dependent density functional theory simulations. For the In-He$_\mathrm{N}$ system, part of the excited state electronic energy leads to expansion of the solvation shell within 600 fs, initiating a collective shell oscillation with a period of about 30 ps. These coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics will be superimposed on intrinsic photoinduced processes of molecular systems inside helium droplets.
Non-Relativistic QCD for Heavy Quark Systems
Creators: name: Catterall, S.
name: Devlin, F.
name: Drummond, I.
name: Horgan, R.
name: Simpson, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ a nonrelativistic version of QCD (NRQCD) to study heavy quark-antiquark bound states in the lowest approximation without fine structure. We use gluon configurations on a 16^3 by 48 lattice at beta=6.2 from the UKQCD collaboration. For quark masses in the vicinity of the b we obtain bound state masses for S, P and both types of D wave. We also detect signals for two types of hybrids (quark,antiquark,gluon states). The results are sufficiently accurate to confirm that the values of the D wave mass from both lattice D waves coincide indicating that the cubical invariance of the lattice is restored to full rotational invariance at large distance. Our results also show that the S-P splitting is indeed insensitive to variations in the bare quark mass from Ma=1.0 to Ma=1.9.
description: 13 pages, DAMTP-92-70
Engineering many-body quantum dynamics by disorder
Creators: name: Buonsante, Pierfrancesco
name: Wimberger, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Going beyond the currently investigated regimes in experiments on quantum transport of ultracold atoms in disordered potentials, we predict a crossover between regular and quantum-chaotic dynamics when varying the strength of disorder. Our spectral approach is based on the Bose-Hubbard model describing interacting atoms in deep random potentials. The predicted crossover from localized to diffusive dynamics depends on the simultaneous presence of interactions and disorder, and can be verified in the laboratory by monitoring the evolution of typical experimental initial states.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures (improved version), to be published in PRA
title: 01_0132
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Reply: Keynes on the Interest Rate and Redistribution
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: After generously praising the summary of my book on Keynes, Meltzer (1996), and the book itself, Mr. Hill ventures that I rely on a passing thought and have a "muddled explanation of Keynes's views regarding the optimal size of the capital stock." He then offers his own explanations that draw on "left-wing neoclassical ideas." He is wrong on both counts. My summary of Keynes's argument about default risk is neither muddled, as Hill claims, nor one of the many passing thoughts in Keynes's active stream of consciousness. And what I take to be Hill's main alternative does not, as it stands, satisfactorily explain why the capital stock is below the maximum attainable stock.
On the classification of gradient Ricci solitons
Creators: name: Petersen, Peter
name: Wylie, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the only complete shrinking gradient Ricci solitons with vanishing Weyl tensor are quotients of the standard ones. This gives a new proof of the Hamilton-Ivey-Perel'man classification of 3-dimensional shrinking gradient solitons. We also prove a classification for expanding gradient Ricci solitons with constant scalar curvature and suitably decaying Weyl tensor.
description: 14 pages. case. v.4--Added formula for the f-laplacian of the curvature operator and applications
Nota técnica: Projeto de Lei nº 7.973 de 2014
Creators: name: Falavigno, Chiavelli
name: Andrade, Evelyn Santos Lopes de
name: Rottava, Vitoria Carolina de Oliveira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Lei nº 7.973 de 2014
Resolução n. 391/2021
Ressocialização das pessoas privadas de liberdade

description: A possibilidade de remição de pena por meio da leitura fomenta movimentações no campo jurídico há anos. Em 2013, a Recomendação do CNJ nº 44 estabeleceu os parâmetros para fins de remição de pena pelo estudo e previu sua equivalência para a leitura.
Searching for Supersymmetry in High-Energy Photon-Proton Scattering
Creators: name: Buchmüller, W.
name: Fodor, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility to search for supersymmetry in the scattering of protons and Compton back-scattered laser light. We evaluate the cross sections for inelastic and elastic production of wino pairs for different electron-proton c.m.s. energies. For $\sqrt{s}=1\ TeV$ the cross section exceeds $1\ fb$ for $m_w<190\ GeV$.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, figure ps file can be obtained from the authors via bitnet, DESY 93-085
Reply to Professor Maloy
Creators: name: Goodman, Paul S.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Professor Maloy's suggestion to define precisely the term "disadvantaged work·, er" and to examine how variation in different types of disadvantaged workers relates to their job retention is well taken Research in this area should strive to examine interactions between structural characteristics of the hiring and training organization and individual characteristics of the disadvantaged worker,
Reply to Donald Kohn
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: During much of my professional life, academics have engaged in discussions with Federal Reserve officials and spokesmen about policies, policy procedures and implementation. When Federal Reserve spokesmen have responded to some of the comments, proposals, criticisms and analyses of past policies, their responses have too often been: "We know better. We have considered something of that kind, and it doesn't work. Trust us; we know what we are doing."
Replenishment and Fulfillment Based Aggregation for General Assemble-to-Order Systems
Creators: name: Nadar, Emre
name: Akcay, Alp
name: Akan, Mustafa
name: Wolf, Alan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider an assemble-to-order system with multiple products, multiple components which may be demanded in different quantities by different products, batch ordering of components, random lead times, and lost sales. We model the system as an infinite-horizon Markov decision process under the discounted cost criterion. A control policy specifies when a batch of components should be produced (i.e., inventory replenishment) and whether an arriving demand for each product should be satisfied (i.e., inventory allocation). As optimal solutions for such problems are computationally intractable for even moderate sized systems, we approximate the optimal cost function by reducing the state space of the original problem via a novel aggregation technique that uses knowledge of products' component requirements and components' replenishment batch sizes.

We establish that a lattice-dependent base-stock and lattice-dependent rationing policy is the optimal inventory replenishment and allocation policy for the aggregate problem under a disaggregation rule that disaggregates each aggregate state into its two extreme original states. This rule drastically reduces the per iteration computational complexity of the value iteration algorithm for the aggregate problem (without sacrificing much accuracy, according to our numerical experiments). We further alleviate the value iteration computational burden by eliminating suboptimal actions based on our optimal policy structure.

For systems in which there is a product that has fulfillment priority over all other products at optimality, we are able to derive finite error bound for the cost function of the aggregate problem. With these bounds we show that the value iteration algorithm in the original problem that starts with the aggregate solution converges to the optimal cost function. Numerical experiments indicate that such an algorithm has distinct computational advantage over the standard value iteration method in the original problem.
KASR: A Reliable and Practical Approach to Attack Surface Reduction of Commodity OS Kernels
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhi
name: Cheng, Yueqiang
name: Nepal, Surya
name: Liu, Dongxi
name: Shen, Qingni
name: Rabhi, Fethi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Commodity OS kernels have broad attack surfaces due to the large code base and the numerous features such as device drivers. For a real-world use case (e.g., an Apache Server), many kernel services are unused and only a small amount of kernel code is used. Within the used code, a certain part is invoked only at runtime while the rest are executed at startup and/or shutdown phases in the kernel's lifetime run. In this paper, we propose a reliable and practical system, named KASR, which transparently reduces attack surfaces of commodity OS kernels at runtime without requiring their source code. The KASR system, residing in a trusted hypervisor, achieves the attack surface reduction through a two-step approach: (1) reliably depriving unused code of executable permissions, and (2) transparently segmenting used code and selectively activating them. We implement a prototype of KASR on Xen-4.8.2 hypervisor and evaluate its security effectiveness on Linux kernel-4.4.0-87-generic. Our evaluation shows that KASR reduces the kernel attack surface by 64% and trims off 40% of CVE vulnerabilities. Besides, KASR successfully detects and blocks all 6 real-world kernel rootkits. We measure its performance overhead with three benchmark tools (i.e., SPECINT, httperf and bonnie++). The experimental results indicate that KASR imposes less than 1% performance overhead (compared to an unmodified Xen hypervisor) on all the benchmarks.
description: The work has been accepted at the 21st International Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions, and Defenses 2018
Renewing Growth and Slowing Inflation
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: For the past two years I have used this space to discuss inflation, one of our continuing long-term social and economic problems. Two years ago I tried to distinguish between the effects of inflation and the real gains that investors receive in a growing economy. Last year, I discussed the timing of inflationary gains and losses and pointed out that large wage increases for unionized workers usually come near the end of a period of rising inflation. Now that workers and management are signing contracts calling for relatively large wage increases, it is useful to stress again that the wage increases are not the start of a new round of inflation but one of the late stages of the inflation that started in 1965.
Relaxations of Approximate Linear Programs for the Real Option Management of Commodity Storage
Creators: name: Selvaprabu  Nadarajah
name: Francois Margot
name: Secomandi, Nicola
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The real option management of commodity conversion assets gives rise to intractable Markov decision processes (MDPs). This is due primarily to the high dimensionality of a commodity forward curve, which is part of the MDP state when using high dimensional models of the evolution of this curve, as commonly done in practice. Focusing on commodity storage, we develop a novel approximate dynamic programming methodology that hinges on the relaxation of approximate linear programs (ALPs) obtained using value function approximations based on reducing the number of futures prices that are part of the MDP state. We derive equivalent approximate dynamic programs (ADPs) for a class of these ALPs, also subsuming a known ADP. We obtain two new ADPs, the value functions of which induce feasible policies for the original MDP, and lower and upper bounds, estimated via Monte Carlo simulation, on the value of an optimal policy of this MDP. We investigate the performance of our ADPs on existing natural gas instances and new crude oil instances. Our approach has potential relevance for the approximate solution of MDPs that arise in the real option management of other commodity conversion assets, as well as the valuation and management of real and financial options that depend on forward curve dynamics.
Additional file 1 of The use of electronic health records for recruitment in clinical trials: a mixed methods analysis of the Harmony Outcomes Electronic Health Record Ancillary Study
Creators: name: O’Brien, Emily C.
name: Raman, Sudha R.
name: Ellis, Alicia
name: Hammill, Bradley G.
name: Berdan, Lisa G.
name: Rorick, Tyrus
name: Janmohamed, Salim
name: Lampron, Zachary
name: Hernandez, Adrian F.
name: Curtis, Lesley H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary material. 20 questions of the final survey.
Group percolation in interdependent networks
Creators: name: Wang, Zexun
name: Zhou, Dong
name: Hu, Yanqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many real network systems, nodes usually cooperate with each other and form groups, in order to enhance their robustness to risks. This motivates us to study a new type of percolation, group percolation, in interdependent networks under attacks. In this model, nodes belonging to the same group survive or fail together. We develop a theoretical framework for this novel group percolation and find that the formation of groups can improve the resilience of interdependent networks significantly. However, the percolation transition is always of first order, regardless of the distribution of group sizes. As an application, we map the interdependent networks with inter-similarity structures, which attract many attentions very recently, onto the group percolation and confirm the non-existence of continuous phase transitions.