cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The XMM-Newton/Chandra monitoring campaign of the Galactic center region: Description of the program and preliminary results
Creators: name: Wijnands, R.
name: Zand, J. J. M. in 't
name: Rupen, M.
name: Maccarone, T.
name: Homan, J.
name: Cornelisse, R.
name: Fender, R.
name: Grindlay, J.
name: van der Klis, M.
name: Kuulkers, E.
name: Markwardt, C. B.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Wang, Q. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of our X-ray monitoring campaign on a 1.7 square degree region centered on Sgr A* using the satellites XMM-Newton and Chandra. The purpose of this campaign is to monitor the behavior (below 10 keV) of X-ray sources (both persistent and transient) which are too faint to be detected by monitoring instruments aboard other satellites currently in orbit (e.g., Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer; INTEGRAL). Our first monitoring observations (using the HRC-I aboard Chandra) were obtained on June 5, 2005. Most of the sources detected could be identified with foreground sources, such as X-ray active stars. In addition we detected two persistent X-ray binaries (1E 1743.1-2843; 1A 1742-294), two faint X-ray transients (GRS 1741.9-2853; XMM J174457-2850.3), as well as a possible new transient source at a luminosity of a few times 1E34 erg/s. We report on the X-ray results on these systems and on the non-detection of the transients in follow-up radio data using the Very Large Array. We discuss how our monitoring campaign can help to improve our understanding of the different types of X-ray transients (i.e., the very faint ones).
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 10 December 2005
Scapania (sect. Americanae) Vana, Hentschel, Joch. Mull. et Heinrichs, PhytoKeys
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Scapaniaceae
Scapania

description: Scapania sect. Americanae Váňa, Hentschel, Joch.Müll. et Heinrichs,
PhytoKeys 10: 15, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012a). TYPE: Scapania americana Müll.Frib.
NOTE: Originally placed under subgen. Scapania.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 73, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
ASSET, ACTIVITY, AND INCOME DIVERSIFICATION AMONG AFRICAN AGRICULTURALISTS: SOME PRACTICAL ISSUES
Creators: name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Reardon, Thomas
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Reardon, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This paper starts from the premise that diversification of assets, activities, and incomes is important to African rural households, in that diversification into nonfarm income constitutes on average about 45 percent of incomes, and the push and pull factors driving that diversification are bound to persist. From that premise, we noted that the empirical study of diversification has been beset by practical problems and issues relating to (1) definitions and concepts, (2) data collection, and to (3) measurement of the nature and extent of diversification. The paper addressed each of those problems. Two points are of special interest to the overall conceptualization of diversification research. The first is that empirical studies have exhibited a wide variety - bordering on confusion - of systems of classification of assets, activities, and incomes as pertains to diversification behavior. We argued that the classification should conform to that used in standard practice of national accounts and macro input-output table construction, classifying activities into economic sectors that have standard definitions, and the classification of which does not depend on the location or functional type (wage- or self-employment) of the activity. We further argued that given a sectoral classification, it is useful to make a functional and locational categorization of the activity, and keep each of these three dimensions of the activity - sectoral, functional, and locational - separate and distinct so as to avoid confusion. The second is that it is useful to have an image of a production function in mind when analyzing the components of diversification behavior: (1) assets are the factors of production, representing the capacity of the household to diversify; (2) activities are the ex ante production flows of asset services; (3) incomes are the ex post flows of incomes, and it is crucial to note that the goods and services produced by activities need to be valued by prices, formed by markets at meso and macro levels, in order to be the measured outcomes called incomes. "Livelihoods" is a term used frequently in recent diversification research, and while its meaning differs somewhat over studies, it generally means household and community behavior, with respect to holdings and use of assets and the productive activities to which the assets are applied. The link between livelihoods and incomes needs to be made by valuing the output of livelihood activities at market (and/or virtual) prices. That valuation permits an analytical link between household/community behavior (thus a micro view of diversification) and the aggregate functioning of markets (thus a link with the meso and macro levels and the policies pertaining thereto).
Brouwer, B. J. (hrsg.): Uit de Natalenschap van Dr. H. Kraemer
Creators: name: Meyer, Bastian
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 20 Nr. 2 (1971): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 20, Heft 2
Secrecy Rate Maximization in Multi-IRS Millimeter Wave Networks
Creators: name: Rafieifar, Anahid
name: Razavizadeh, S. Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper investigates the problem of increasing the security at the physical layer of a Millimeter Wave (mmWave) network equipped with several Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRSs). In this network, multiple IRSs help the Base Station (BS) to reach the signal to the desired user and at the same time maintain the security of the network i.e. securing the signal from receiving by the unallowable eavesdropper. The target of the proposed scheme is to maximize the secrecy rate by jointly optimizing the active beamforming at the BS and passive beamforming at the IRSs. This leads to a non-convex optimization problem which we solve by decomposing into two sub-problems. The sub-problems alternatively solve the active and passive beamforming design problems using the Semi-Definite Relaxation (SDR) technique. Finally, simulations are done to assess the performance of the proposed algorithm. These results show the superiority of using multiple IRSs in the enhancement of the secrecy rate in the wireless networks that operate in the mmWave frequency bands.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
The development and evaluation of a new aerosol irritant assay with minimal animal stress.
Creators: name: Karwowski, Andrzej Stanislaw
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Current methods evaluate pulmonary irritants by placing experimental animals in closed chambers and exposing them to fixed concentrations of irritants for fixed periods of time. This unfortunately results in significant amounts of physical and psychological distress for the animals since they are trapped in the noxious environment without any possibility of escape. The objective of this project was to develop a new assay to evaluate pulmonary irritants in mice, while minimising the stress experienced by the animals. Thus, this assay was based on the principle of avoidance. The Minimal Animal Stress Irritant Assay Chamber (MASIAC) consists of two symmetrical chambers separated by a central disc with an opening, through which the mice can move freely. An irritant aerosol is introduced into one chamber and a control (non-irritating) aerosol into the other. If the animals feel any irritation or discomfort because of the irritant aerosol, they have the opportunity to escape the environment as soon as they detect it. The MASIAC was evaluated and the results indicate that it is an effective, reproducible and sensitive assay. Analysing the EC50s of 112 mice, they were found to be logio-normally distributed, with a mean of -1.57 and standard deviation of 0.48. The irritation that the MASIAC detects is not limited to any particular type of irritant, because it has the potential to detect any form of discomfort that the mice perceive. Since a group of mice were tested at the same time, the influence of the group on the responses of the mice was investigated. It was found that the mice tended to avoid clustering together. When multiple experiments were performed on the same group of animals, it was found that the mice were either sensitised to the irritant, or they learned to avoid it. There are a number of possible avenues for future research for the MASIAC, including environmental pollution, human asthma, and as a quantifiable model of learning.
Constraints on the coupled quintessence from cosmic microwave background anisotropy and matter power spectrum
Creators: name: Lee, Seokcheon
name: Liu, Guo-Chin
name: Ng, Kin-Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the evolution of linear perturbations in a quintessence model in which the scalar field is non-minimally coupled to cold dark matter. We consider the effects of this coupling on both cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies and matter perturbations. Due to the modification of the scale of cold dark matter as $ρ_{c} = ρ_{c}^{(0)} a^{-3 + ξ}$, we can shift the turnover in the matter power spectrum even without changing the present energy densities of matter and radiation. This can be used to constrain the strength of the coupling. We find that the phenomenology of this model is consistent with current observations up to the coupling power $n_{c} \leq 0.01$ while adopting the current parameters measured by WMAP. Upcoming cosmic microwave background observations continuing to focus on resolving the higher peaks may put strong constraints on the strength of the coupling.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
THE COMPLEX DYNAMICS OF SMALLHOLDER TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION: THE CASE OF SRI IN MADAGASCAR
Creators: name: Moser, Christine M.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Moser, Christine M.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Technology adoption
subject: learning
subject: the System of Rice Intensification
subject: conformity effects

description: This paper explores the dynamics of smallholder technology adoption, with particular reference to a high-yielding, low-external input rice production method in Madagascar. We present a simple model of technology adoption by farm households in an environment of incomplete financial and land markets. We then use a probit model and a symmetrically trimmed least squares estimation of a dynamic Tobit model to analyze the decisions to adopt, expand and disadopt the method. We find that seasonal liquidity constraints discourage adoption by poorer farmers. Learning effects-both from extension agents and from other farmers-exert significant influence over adoption decisions.
STOCHASTIC WEALTH DYNAMICS AND RISK MANAGEMENT AMONG A POOR POPULATION
Creators: name: Lybbert, Travis J.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Desta, Solomon
name: Coppock, D. Layne
name: Lybbert, Travis J.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Desta, Solomon
name: Coppock, D. Layne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: common property
subject: covariate risk
subject: Ethiopia
subject: idiosyncratic risk
subject: poverty traps
subject: social insurance

description: The literature on economic growth and development has focused considerable attention on questions of risk management and the possibility of multiple equilibria associated with poverty traps. We use herd history data collected among pastoralists in southern Ethiopia to study stochastic wealth dynamics among a very poor population. These data yield several novel findings. Although covariate rainfall shocks plainly matter, household-specific factors, including own herd size, account for most observed variability in wealth dynamics. Despite longstanding conventional wisdom about common property grazing lands, we find no statistical support for the tragedy of the commons hypothesis. It appears that past studies may have conflated costly self-insurance with stocking rate externalities. Such self-insurance is important in this setting because weak livestock markets and meager social insurance cause wealth to fluctuate largely in response to biophysical shocks. These shocks move households between multiple dynamic wealth equilibria toward which households converge following nonconvex path dynamics. The lowest equilibrium is consistent with the notion of a poverty trap. These findings have broad implications for the design of development and relief strategies among a poor population extraordinarily vulnerable to climatic shocks.
Scapania (Gracilidae) Vana, Hentschel, Joch. Mull. et Heinrichs, PhytoKeys
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Scapaniaceae
Scapania

description: Scapania subgen. Gracilidae (H.Buch) Váňa, Hentschel, Joch.Müll. et Heinrichs,
PhytoKeys 10: 15, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012a). BASIONYM: Scapania sect. Gracilidae H.Buch, Commentat. Biol. 3 (1): 106, 1928 (see Buch 1928).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 73, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Near-Surface Structural Phase Transition of SrTiO$_3$ Studied with Zero-Field $β$-Detected Nuclear Spin Relaxation and Resonance
Creators: name: Salman, Z.
name: Kiefl, R. F.
name: Chow, K. H.
name: Hossain, M. D.
name: Keeler, T. A.
name: Kreitzman, S. R.
name: Levy, C. D. P.
name: Miller, R. I.
name: Parolin, T. J.
name: Pearson, M. R.
name: Saadaoui, H.
name: Schultz, J. D.
name: Smadella, M.
name: Wang, D.
name: MacFarlane, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that zero-field $β$-detected nuclear quadrupole resonance and spin relaxation of low energy $^8$Li can be used as a sensitive local probe of structural phase transitions near a surface. We find that the transition near the surface of a SrTiO$_3$ single crystal occurs at $T_c \sim 150$ K, i.e., 45 K higher than $T^{bulk}_c$, and that the tetragonal domains formed below $T_c$ are randomly oriented.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Semi-discrete optimal transport methods for the semi-geostrophic equations
Creators: name: Bourne, David P.
name: Egan, Charlie P.
name: Pelloni, Beatrice
name: Wilkinson, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a new and constructive proof of the existence of global-in-time weak solutions of the 3-dimensional incompressible semi-geostrophic equations (SG) in geostrophic coordinates, for arbitrary initial measures with compact support. This new proof, based on semi-discrete optimal transport techniques, works by characterising discrete solutions of SG in geostrophic coordinates in terms of trajectories satisfying an ordinary differential equation. It is advantageous in its simplicity and its explicit relation to Eulerian coordinates through the use of Laguerre tessellations. Using our method, we obtain improved time-regularity for a large class of discrete initial measures, and we compute explicitly two discrete solutions. The method naturally gives rise to an efficient numerical method, which we illustrate by presenting simulations of a 2-dimensional semi-geostrophic flow in geostrophic coordinates generated using a numerical solver for the semi-discrete optimal transport problem coupled with an ordinary differential equation solver.
description: 35 pages, 2 figures
Effects of spin current on ferromagnets
Creators: name: Li, Z.
name: He, J.
name: Zhang, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a spin-polarized current flows through a ferromagnet, the local magnetization receives a spin torque. Two consequences of this spin torque are studied. First, the uniformly magnetized ferromagnet becomes unstable if a sufficiently large current is applied. The characteristics of the instability include spin wave generation and magnetization chaos. Second, the spin torque has profound effects on the structure and dynamics of the magnetic domain wall. A detail analysis on the domain wall mass, kinetic energy and wall depinning threshold is given.
EDUCATIONAL INVESTMENTS IN A SPATIALLY VARIED ECONOMY
Creators: name: Mude, Andrew G.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: McPeak, John G.
name: Doss, Cheryl R.
name: Mude, Andrew G.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: McPeak, John G.
name: Doss, Cheryl R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This paper presents a simple two-period, dual economy model in which migration options may affect the informal financing of educational investments. When credit contracts are universally available and perfectly enforceable, spatially varied returns to human capital have no effect on educational investment patterns. But when financial markets are incomplete and informal mechanisms subject to imperfect contract enforcement must fill the breach, spatial inequality in infrastructure or other attributes that affect the returns to education create spatial differentiation in educational lending and consequently, in educational attainment. Although migration options can increase the returns to education, they can also choke off the informal finance on which poorer rural households depend for long-term, lumpy investments like children's education.
AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT: LESSONS FOR CHRISTIAN GROUPS COMBATING PERSISTENT POVERTY
Creators: name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Brown, Douglas R.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Brown, Douglas R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Persistent poverty is one of the core challenges faced by Christians and by development scholars and practitioners alike. There is no question that Jesus was concerned about the poor - both materially and spiritually. From his first public address in the Synagogue in Nazareth, His home town, where He concluded by saying that He had come to "preach good news to the poor" (Luke 4:18), Jesus lived the gospel in word and deed. We, as Christian men and women, whether researchers or practitioners, are called to do no less. When Jesus made His parting remarks to His disciples, He said (John 20:21) "As the Father has sent me, I am sending you." emphasizing that we are to do likewise. This concern permeates the Old and New Testament, another example being the words of the prophet Micah (6:8): "He has showed you, O man, what is good. And what does the LORD require of you? To act justly and to love mercy and to walk humbly with your God." We are here to think through together some of the implications of this mandate for ourselves as researchers and practitioners. More specifically, to consider how the work we do as researchers can inform our work in the field as practitioners in such a way as to more effectively help those who are materially poor.
ELASTICITIES OF DEMAND FOR IMPORTED MEATS IN RUSSIA
Creators: name: Soshnin, Alexei I.
name: Tomek, William G.
name: De Gorter, Harry
name: Soshnin, Alexei I.
name: Tomek, William G.
name: De Gorter, Harry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Elasticities of demand for meat imports in Russia are estimated using an AIDS model. The model differentiates among sources of imports as well as kinds of meat, but since the number of observations on Russian imports is limited, an improved block-substitutability restriction is introduced to conserve degress of freedom. The estimates of expenditure elasticities are positive for beef, pork, and chicken imported from western countries, and for beef and chicken, are larger than one. The expenditure elasticities are negative for beef and pork imported from former Soviet trade block countries. (Chicken is not imported from these countries.) Consistent with logic, the (compensated) cross-price elasticities indicate that products imported from different sources are substitutes. These estimates are perhaps the first available for the Russian economy, and not surprisingly, they indicate that declining real incomes in Russia mean decreasing meat imports from western countries.
Loop Equations in Abelian Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Di Bartolo, Cayetano
name: Leal, Lorenzo
name: Peña, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equations obeyed by the vacuum expectation value of the Wilson loop of Abelian gauge theories are considered from the point of view of the loop-space. An approximative scheme for studying these loop-equations for lattice Maxwell theory is presented. The approximation leads to a partial difference equation in the area and length variables of the loop, and certain physically motivated ansatz is seen to reproduce the mean field results from a geometrical perspective.
description: 7 pages, corrected typos
Spectral zeta functions of fractals and the complex dynamics of polynomials
Creators: name: Teplyaev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 10H05, 11M99, 12A99, 28A80, 34B25, 34L05, 35P20, 37A30, 37C30, 37F10, 47A10, 58C40, 58F19, 58F20, 58G25, 81Q10

description: We obtain formulas for the spectral zeta function of the Laplacian on symmetric finitely ramified fractals, such as the Sierpinski gasket, and a fractal Laplacian on the interval. These formulas contain a new type of zeta function associated with a polynomial (rational functions also can appear in this context). It is proved that this zeta function has a meromorphic continuation to a half plain with poles contained in an arithmetic progression. It is shown as an example that the Riemann zeta function is the zeta functions of a quadratic polynomial, which is associated with the Laplacian on an interval. The spectral zeta function of the Sierpinski gasket is a product of the zeta function of a polynomial and a geometric part; the poles of the former are canceled by the zeros of the latter. A similar product structure was discovered by M.L. Lapidus for self-similar fractal strings.
Statistical properties of the aftershocks of stock market crashes revisited: Analysis based on the 1987 crash, financial-crisis-2008 and COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Rai, Anish
name: Mahata, Ajit
name: Nurujjaman, Md
name: Prakash, Om
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: During any unique crisis, panic sell-off leads to a massive stock market crash that may continue for more than a day, termed as mainshock. The effect of a mainshock in the form of aftershocks can be felt throughout the recovery phase of stock price. As the market remains in stress during recovery, any small perturbation leads to a relatively smaller aftershock. The duration of the recovery phase has been estimated using structural break analysis. We have carried out statistical analyses of the 1987 stock market crash, 2008 financial crisis and 2020 COVID-19 pandemic considering the actual crash-times of the mainshock and aftershocks. Earlier, such analyses were done considering an absolute one-day return, which cannot capture a crash properly. The results show that the mainshock and aftershock in the stock market follow the Gutenberg-Richter (GR) power law. Further, we obtained a higher $β$ value for the COVID-19 crash compared to the financial-crisis-2008 from the GR law. This implies that the recovery of stock price during COVID-19 may be faster than the financial-crisis-2008. The result is consistent with the present recovery of the market from the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis shows that the high magnitude aftershocks are rare, and low magnitude aftershocks are frequent during the recovery phase. The analysis also shows that the distribution $P(τ_i)$ follows the generalized Pareto distribution, i.e., $\displaystyle~P(τ_i)\propto\frac{1}{\{1+λ(q-1)τ_i\}^{\frac{1}{(q-1)}}}$, where $λ$ and $q$ are constants and $τ_i$ is the inter-occurrence time. This analysis may help investors to restructure their portfolios during a market crash.
description: Accepted in International Journal of Modern Physics C (World Scientific)
Stirnimann, H. (hrsg.): Ökumenische Erneuerung in der Mission
Creators: name: Kg.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 20 Nr. 2 (1971): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 20, Heft 2
Weak-Lensing Detection at z~1.3: Measurement of the Two Lynx Clusters with Advanced Camera for Surveys
Creators: name: Jee, M. J.
name: White, R. L.
name: Ford, H. C.
name: Illingworth, G. D.
name: Blakeslee, J. P.
name: Holden, B.
name: Mei, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present a HST/ACS weak-lensing study of RX J0849+4452 and RX J0848+4453, the two most distant (at z=1.26 and z=1.27, respectively) clusters yet measured with weak-lensing. The two clusters are separated by ~4' from each other and appear to form a supercluster in the Lynx field. Using our deep ACS F775W and F850LP imaging, we detected weak-lensing signals around both clusters at ~4 sigma levels. The mass distribution indicated by the reconstruction map is in good spatial agreement with the cluster galaxies. From the SIS fitting, we determined that RX J0849+4452 and RX J0848+4453 have similar projected masses of ~2.0x10^14 solar mass and ~2.1x10^14 solar mass, respectively, within a 0.5 Mpc (~60") aperture radius.
description: Accepted to ApJ. Full resolution version can be downloaded at http://acs.pha.jhu.edu/~mkjee/lynx.pdf
‘When my husband died, I collected debt of N20,000……were going to take me to the court, but since the money came, I have cleared my debt and bought cattle’: intended and unintended socioeconomic impact of cash transfer program in Nigeria
Creators: name: Eluwa, George I. E.
name: Eluwa, Titilope F.
name: Apera, Iorwa
name: Abdullahi, Kabir
name: Lawal, Abdullahi
name: Balogun, Modasola
name: Kunnuji, Michael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: The Nigerian government commenced large scale cash transfer program in 2017. We evaluated the socioeconomic impact of the cash transfer program (CTP) in Nigeria. Across six randomly selected states that had implemented the CTP for at least six months, qualitative inquiries were conducted among beneficiaries and program implementers. We utilized a program impact theory to explore the interaction of cash transfer on socioeconomic outcomes. Data were analysed using deductive and inductive thematic analysis. The CTP in Nigeria showed positive impact on reduction of poverty through new income generation or expansion of existing businesses. Food security was improved by promoting increased food expenditure. CTP increased utilization of health services including facility delivery of pregnancies. The CTP also promoted education by increasing attendance at school while also promoting opportunities for savings and investments. Though the majority of the beneficiaries were women, expenditure decision making on the cash was by men and in a few cases jointly. With the large number of poor and vulnerable persons in Nigeria the findings of the CTP in Nigeria show promise in improving key socioeconomic outcomes across poverty, health and nutrition, education, savings, and investment. Our findings justify the need for expansion of the CTP to more poor and vulnerable households. CTPs in Nigeria should consider implementing educational programs to enhance women’s financial literacy or adjusting the structure of the CTPs to incentivize shared decision-making. Future studies on CTP and its socioeconomic impact should include key metrics to measure the size of the impact.
Validated Matrix on Blue Economy sectors lead, boundaries, and statistical codes, per island focal point.
Creators: name: Briche, Elodie
name: Dubois, Ghislain
name: Suarez, Salvador
name: Gonzalez, Yen Lam
name: Gonzalez, Matias
name: Lehr, Ulrike
name: Vrontisi, Zoi
name: Lora, Veronica
name: Hoevenaars, Kyra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Blue economy, maritime transport, tourism, aquaculture, energy

description: This first deliverable is a thematic and cross-cutting synthesis to define the four Soclimpact sectors of Blue Economy as well as their statistical boundaries. Secondly, the main impacts of climate change are analysed for each sector, so as start the brainstorming which will be detailed in the next deliverables on the impacts chains (3.2, 3.3 and 3.4.). Finally, the governance of the WP3 is presented in the form of matrices and tables to summarize the involvement of the Soclimpact partners on the 12 islands of the project. The collected information is the result of several meetings between the partners: - A brainstorming during the Kick-Off meeting (end of January) about climate change possible impacts per geographical scales (pilot sites, islands, regional area, etc.) and per sector. - Contributions from the sector leaders of the project: ULPGC for Coastal and Maritime Tourism, CETECIMA for Maritime Transport, ITC for Marine Energy and AquaBioTech Group for Aquaculture - Contributions from the sector teams during online meetings - WP3 online meetings - WP3 meeting in Corsica: the need to meet partners physically one more time caused delays for the submission of the deliverable.
description: Deliverable 3.1.
Collinear Limits in QCD from MHV Rules
Creators: name: Birthwright, T. G.
name: Glover, E. W. N.
name: Khoze, V. V.
name: Marquard, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider multi-parton collinear limits of QCD amplitudes at tree level. Using the MHV formalism we specify the underlying analytic structure of the resulting multi-collinear splitting functions. We derive general results for these splitting functions that are valid for specific numbers of negative helicity partons and an arbitrary number of positive helicity partons (or vice versa).
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, JHEP3.cls
Rise and Fall of Non-Fermi Liquid Fixed Points in Multipolar Kondo Problems
Creators: name: Schultz, Daniel J.
name: Patri, Adarsh S.
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was shown that the multipolar Kondo problem, wherein a quantum impurity carrying higher-rank multipolar moments interacts with conduction electrons, leads to novel non-Fermi liquid states. Because of the multipolar character of the local moments, the form of the interaction with conduction electrons is strongly dependent on the orbital-symmetry of the conduction electrons via crystalline symmetry constraints. This suggests that there may exist a variety of different non-Fermi liquid states in generic multipolar Kondo problems depending on the character of conduction electrons. In this work, using renormalization group analysis, we investigate a model where the multipolar local moment is coupled to conduction electrons with two different orbital-symmetry components, namely $p$-wave and $f$-wave symmetries. When each orbital-symmetry component is present alone, non-Fermi liquid states with exactly the same thermodynamic singularities appear. When both orbital-symmetry components are allowed, however, a completely different non-Fermi liquid state arises via the quantum fluctuations in the mixed scattering channels. This remarkable result suggests that the multipolar Kondo problem presents novel opportunities for the discovery of unexpected non-Fermi liquid states.
description: 6+6 pages, 2 figures
Scapania (sect. Hyperboreae) Vana, Hentschel, Joch. Mull. et Heinrichs, PhytoKeys
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Scapaniaceae
Scapania

description: Scapania sect. Hyperboreae Váňa, Hentschel, Joch.Müll. et Heinrichs,
PhytoKeys 10: 16, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012a). TYPE: Scapania hyperborea Jørg.
NOTE: Originally placed under subgen. Scapania.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Approximate $C^*$-Ternary Ring Homomorphisms
Creators: name: Moslehian, Mohammad Sal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 39B82; Secondary 39B52, 46L05

description: In this paper, we establish the generalized Hyers--Ulam--Rassias stability of $C^*$-ternary ring homomorphisms associated to the Trif functional equation \begin{eqnarray*} d \cdot C_{d-2}^{l-2} f(\frac{x_1+... +x_d}{d})+ C_{d-2}^{l-1}\sum_{j=1}^d f(x_j) = l \cdot \sum_{1\leq j_1< ... < j_l\leq d} f(\frac{x_{j_1} + ... + x_{j_l}}{l}). \end{eqnarray*}
description: 12 pages, to appear in Bull. Brazilian Math. Soc
The Similarity of Abundance Ratio Trends and Nucleosynthetic Patterns in the Milky Way Disk and Bulge
Creators: name: Griffith, Emily
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Johnson, Jennifer A.
name: Beaton, Rachael
name: García-Hernández, D. A.
name: Hasselquist, Sten
name: Holtzman, Jon
name: Johnson, James W.
name: Jönsson, Henrik
name: Lane, Richard R.
name: Nataf, David M.
name: Roman-Lopes, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare abundance ratio trends in a sample of $\sim 11,000$ Milky Way bulge stars ($R_{\rm GC} < 3$ kpc) from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) to those of APOGEE stars in the Galactic disk ($5$ kpc $< R_{\rm GC} < 11$ kpc). We divide each sample into low-Ia (high-[Mg/Fe]) and high-Ia (low-[Mg/Fe]) populations, and in each population we examine the median trends of [X/Mg] vs. [Mg/H] for elements X = Fe, O, Na, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Ce. To remove small systematic trends of APOGEE abundances with stellar $\log(g)$, we resample the disk stars to match the $\log(g)$ distributions of the bulge data. After doing so, we find nearly identical median trends for low-Ia disk and bulge stars for all elements. High-Ia trends are similar for most elements, with noticeable (0.05-0.1 dex) differences for Mn, Na, and Co. The close agreement of abundance trends (with typical differences $\lesssim 0.03$ dex) implies that similar nucleosynthetic processes enriched bulge and disk stars despite the different star formation histories and physical conditions of these regions. For example, we infer that differences in the high mass slope of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) between disk and bulge must have been $\lesssim 0.30$. This agreement, and the generally small scatter about the median sequences, means that one can predict all of a bulge star's APOGEE abundances with good accuracy knowing only its measured [Mg/Fe] and [Mg/H] and the observed trends of disk stars.
description: 32 pages, 22 figures, 5 tables
THE TIMING OPTION IN FUTURES CONTRACTS AND PRICE BEHAVIOR AT CONTRACT MATURITY
Creators: name: Hranaiova, Jana
name: Tomek, William G.
name: Hranaiova, Jana
name: Tomek, William G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The value of the timing option implicit in CBOT corn futures contract is estimated. Separate estimates are obtained for the option without and with convenience yield. The effect of the option on basis behavior at day one of the maturity month is examined and is found to be statistically important.
Policy Reform Impact on Food Manufacturing
Creators: name: Celikkol, Pinar
name: Dunn, James W.
name: Stefanou, Spiro E.
name: Celikkol, Pinar
name: Dunn, James W.
name: Stefanou, Spiro E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: total factor productivity growth
subject: intercountry impacts
subject: dairy products
subject: meat products
subject: sugar

description: The impact of agricultural policies and their reform is of major concern when addressing issues of growth, innovation and consolidation in the food manufacturing sector. Growth is one of the forces fueling the globalization of food manufacturing activities. Market- and policy-driven forces present a myriad of opportunities to influence growth and reorientation of patterns at the nexus where food manufacturing links the food system. The productivity and international competitiveness of the food manufacturing sector must be evaluated in the context of governmental incentives, international standards and the emerging supply- and value-chains.
Inferring the effective thickness of polyelectrolytes from stretching measurements at various ionic strengths: applications to DNA and RNA
Creators: name: Toan, Ngo Minh
name: Micheletti, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: By resorting to the thick-chain model we discuss how the stretching response of a polymer is influenced by the self-avoidance entailed by its finite thickness. The characterization of the force versus extension curve for a thick chain is carried out through extensive stochastic simulations. The computational results are captured by an analytic expression that is used to fit experimental stretching measurements carried out on DNA and single-stranded RNA (poly-U) in various solutions. This strategy allows us to infer the apparent diameter of two biologically-relevant polyelectrolytes, namely DNA and poly-U, for different ionic strengths. Due to the very different degree of flexibility of the two molecules, the results provide insight into how the apparent diameter is influenced by the interplay between the (solution-dependent) Debye screening length and the polymers' ``bare'' thickness. For DNA, the electrostatic contribution to the effective radius, $Δ$, is found to be about 5 times larger than the Debye screening length, consistently with previous theoretical predictions for highly-charged stiff rods. For the more flexible poly-U chains the electrostatic contribution to $Δ$ is found to be significantly smaller than the Debye screening length.
description: iopart, 14 pages, 13 figures, to appear in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
Definition of complex impact chains and input-output matrix for each island and sector
Creators: name: Briche, Elodie
name: Dubois, Ghislain
name: Royer, Lucie
name: Costa, Hugo
name: Sousa, Andreia
name: Jorda, Gabriel
name: Arikas, Damian
name: Galindo, Carmen Garcia
name: Gonzalez, Matias
name: Vrontisi, Zoi
name: Constantinos Stylianou
name: Vasconcelos, Hugo
name: Hoevenaars, Kyra
name: Tatti, Manuela
name: Brancato, Giacoma
name: Daniel, Justin
name: Gartner, Miguel Angel
name: Suarez, Salvador
name: Lora, Veronica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Climate change, risk assessment, impacts chains, blue economy sectors

description: SOCLIMPACT improves a climate change risk assessment, helping islands to identify their climate change related risks or to test their existing risk management strategies under climate change and therefore identify sectorial challenges where new strategies are needed. Following these steps, the SOCLIMPACT project will operationalize with a modelling chain between WP4-WP5 and WP6 the outputs of WP3: some relevant impact chains, selected after each step of WP3 will be modelized. o A first step of risk screening allows sector leaders to conduct a desk-top study and screen the climate change-related exposure of each sector using readily available datasets, which are registered in the D3.3 and D3.4. o A second step risk assessment takes a standard risk-based approach using national data, local information and expert knowledge in order to formalize some theoretical impact chains. o A third step (detailed) risk assessment process allows sector leaders and islands focal points to further investigate short-listed impact chains and provides support to prioritise sectors and/or sub-risks.
description: Deliverable 3.2. with the contribution of Islands Focal Points and sectors leaders
Approximations by graphs and emergence of global structures
Creators: name: Exner, Pavel
name: Hejcik, Pavel
name: Seba, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study approximations of billiard systems by lattice graphs. It is demonstrated that under natural assumptions the graph wavefunctions approximate solutions of the Schroedinger equation with energy rescaled by the billiard dimension. As an example, we analyze a Sinai billiard with attached leads. The results illustrate emergence of global structures in large quantum graphs and offer interesting comparisons with patterns observed in complex networks of a different nature.
description: 6 pages, RevTeX with 5 ps figures
Quantifying Non-parametric Structure of High-redshift Galaxies with Deep Learning
Creators: name: Tohill, C.
name: Ferreira, L.
name: Conselice, C. J.
name: Bamford, S. P.
name: Ferrari, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At high redshift, due to both observational limitations and the variety of galaxy morphologies in the early universe, measuring galaxy structure can be challenging. Non-parametric measurements such as the CAS system have thus become an important tool due to both their model-independent nature and their utility as a straightforward computational process. Recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been shown to be adept at image analysis, and are beginning to supersede traditional measurements of visual morphology and model-based structural parameters. In this work, we take a further step by extending CNNs to measure well known non-parametric structural quantities: concentration ($C$) and asymmetry ($A$). We train CNNs to predict $C$ and $A$ from individual images of $\sim 150,000$ galaxies at $0 < z < 7$ in the CANDELS fields, using Bayesian hyperparameter optimisation to select suitable network architectures. Our resulting networks accurately reproduce measurements compared with standard algorithms. Furthermore, using simulated images, we show that our networks are more stable than the standard algorithms at low signal-to-noise. While both approaches suffer from similar systematic biases with redshift, these remain small out to $z \sim 7$. Once trained, measurements with our networks are $> 10^3$ times faster than previous methods. Our approach is thus able to reproduce standard measures of non-parametric morphologies and shows the potential of employing neural networks to provide superior results in substantially less time. This will be vital for making best use of the large and complex datasets provided by upcoming galaxy surveys, such as Euclid and Rubin-LSST.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Unraveling the Dirac Neutrino with Cosmological and Terrestrial Detectors
Creators: name: Adshead, Peter
name: Cui, Yanou
name: Long, Andrew J.
name: Shamma, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out a correlation between the effective number of relativistic degrees of species $ΔN_\text{eff}$, the cosmologically measured $m_{ν,\text{sterile}}^{\text{eff}}$, and the terrestrially measured neutrino mass sum and effective electron neutrino mass, $Σm_ν$ and $m_{ν_e}$, which arises in the Dirac neutrino hypothesis. If the neutrinos are Dirac particles, and if the active neutrinos' sterile partners were once thermalized in the early universe, then this new cosmological relic would simultaneously contribute to the effective number of relativistic species, $ΔN_\text{eff}$, and also lead to a correlation between the cosmologically-measured effective sterile neutrino mass $m_{ν,\text{sterile}}^\text{eff}$ and the terrestrially-measured active neutrino mass sum $Σm_ν$. We emphasize that specifically correlated deviations in $ΔN_\text{eff}\gtrsim 3$, $m_{ν,\text{sterile}}^\text{eff}$ and $Σm_ν$ above their standard predictions could be the harbinger revealing the Dirac nature of neutrinos. We provide several benchmark examples, including Dirac leptogenesis, that predict a thermal relic population of the sterile partners, and we discuss the relevant observational prospects with current and near-future experiments. If the correlation highlighted in this work is observed in future surveys, it could be interpreted as supporting evidence of Dirac neutrino masses.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures; v3: references added, $m_{\nu,\text{sterile}}^{\text{eff}}$ is variable correlated with $\Delta N_\text{eff}$ and $\Sigma m_\nu$, figures updated to include benchmark models. Version matches that published in Physics Letters B