cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Natural Disasters on the Health Sector in Iran
Creators: name: Shahpari, Ghazal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Natural Disasters/economics
subject: Computable General Equilibrium Models

description: In the last decades, natural disasters have burdened many economic and physical losses to the countries. After disaster, the level of capital stock decreases strongly and household assets will be at risk seriously, and by decreasing the amount of income and saving, it will lead to lower the levels of welfare. According to the study of the natural disasters that had happened in Iran, earthquake and drought are the main disasters that can affect economies. After disaster happened, government’s expenditure will increase to help victims. While, by an accurate programming to reduce risks before the disaster, the loss will decline dramatically.

In this dissertation, by applying computable general equilibrium models, economic effects of earthquake and drought on the macroeconomic variables, health sector and household welfare have been studied. Decreasing in the amount of capital stock and decreasing in the amount of available water are the scenarios that have been investigated in this dissertation. According to the results, both earthquake and drought lead to decline of GDP and also change the production of health sector. Since the consumption, saving and income of household decrease, it can be concluded that the household welfare also declines.

The amount of capital in the building sector in comparison with the whole investment is high in Iran. Earthquake is the major reason for buildings to be destroyed, therefore finding an appropriate solution to save the national wealth seems necessary. Then, by presenting a conceptual method, insurance has been introduced as the most effective solutions for facing with losses of disasters, and especially earthquake. By using legal requirements, appropriate and justly pricing for premium and government supports of some groups of the society, the shortage of demand for the earthquake insurance must be solved and by increasing in the liquidity, the insurance industry will be developed. And also, in the long run, earthquake insurance will lead to reinforced and standard building that will lower the losses down as much as possible.

For drought, in addition to the insurance, managing water resources accurately should be considered. Studying the consequences of dam constructions, moving or displacement of the rivers, building installations are necessary. In recent years these kinds of actions have severe negative effects on the water resources and ecosystem and lead to drought. Besides studying on the economic efficiency of importing agriculture product is that needs lots of water, is another solution of saving water.
Runaway stars as cosmic ray injectors inside molecular clouds
Creators: name: del Valle, Maria Victoria
name: Romero, Gustavo E.
name: Santos-Lima, Reinaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant molecular clouds (GMCs) are a new population of gamma-ray sources, being the target of cosmic rays (CRs) -- locally accelerated or not --. These clouds host very young stellar clusters where massive star formation takes place. Eventually, some of the stars are ejected from the clusters, becoming runaway stars. These stars move supersonically through the cloud and develop bowshocks where particles can be accelerated up to relativistic energies. As a result, the bowshocks present non-thermal emission, and inject relativistic protons in the cloud. These protons diffuse in the GMC interacting with the matter. We present a model for the non-thermal radiation generated by protons and secondary pairs accelerated in the bowshocks of massive runaways stars within young GMCs. We solve the transport equation for primary protons and secondary pairs as the stars move through the cloud. We present non-thermal emissivity maps in radio and in gamma rays as a function of time. We obtain X-ray luminosities of the order $\sim$ ${ 10^{32}}$ erg~s$^{-1}$ and gamma-ray luminosities $\sim$ $10^{34}$ erg~s$^{-1}$. We conclude that, under some assumptions, relativistic protons from massive runaway stars interacting with matter in GMCs give rise to extended non-thermal sources.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 4 of Sex differences during development in cortical temporal processing and event related potentials in wild-type and fragile X syndrome model mice
Creators: name: Croom, Katilynne
name: Rumschlag, Jeffrey A.
name: Erickson, Michael A.
name: Binder, Devin
name: Razak, Khaleel A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 4. Full statistical analysis of female development ERP data. Two-way ANOVA results for ERP analysis. Post hoc comparisons were done using Tukey’s and Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons tests. See text for post hoc results. Bold text indicates statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05).
Galactic Propagation of Cosmic Rays from Individual Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Nierstenhoefer, Nils
name: Graeser, Philipp
name: Schuppan, Florian
name: Tjus, Julia Becker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely believed that supernova remnants are the best candidate sources for the observed cosmic ray flux up to the knee, i.e. up to ~PeV energies. Indeed, the gamma-ray spectra of some supernova remnants can be well explained by assuming the decay of neutral pions which are created in hadronic interactions. Therefore, fitting the corresponding gamma spectra allows us to derive the spectra of cosmic rays at the source which are locally injected into our Galaxy. Using these spectra as a starting point, we propagate the cosmic rays through the Galaxy using the publicly available GALPROP code. Here, we will present first results on the contribution of those SNRs to the total cosmic ray flux and discuss implications.
description: proceedings contribution presented at ECRS 2014, Kiel, Germany; 8 pages, 2 figures
Scaling from traits to ecosystems: Developing a general Trait Driver Theory via integrating trait-based and metabolic scaling theories
Creators: name: Enquist, Brian J.
name: Norberg, Jon
name: Bonser, Stephen P.
name: Violle, Cyrille
name: Webb, Colleen T.
name: Henderson, Amanda
name: Sloat, Lindsey L.
name: Savage, Van M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The rise of trait-based ecology has led to an increased focus on the distribution and dynamics of traits in communities. However, a general theory of trait-based ecology, that can apply across different scales (e.g., species that differ in size) and gradients (e.g., temperature), has yet to be formulated. While research focused on metabolic and allometric scaling theory provides the basis for such a theory it does not explicitly account for differences traits within and across taxa, such as variation in the optimal temperature for growth. Here we synthesize trait-based and metabolic scaling approaches into a framework that we term Trait Drivers Theory or TDT. It shows that the shape and dynamics of trait distributions can be uniquely linked to fundamental drivers of community assembly and how the community will respond to future drivers. To assess predictions and assumptions of TDT, we review several theoretical studies, recent empirical studies spanning local and biogeographic gradients. Further, we analyze how the shift in trait distributions influences ecosystem productivity across an elevational gradient and a 140-year long ecological experiment. We argue that our general TDT provides a baseline for (i) recasting the predictions of ecological theories based on species richness in terms of the shape of trait distributions; and (ii) integrating how specific traits, including body size, and functional diversity scale up to influence the dynamics of species assemblages across climatic gradients and how shifts in functional composition influences ecosystem functioning. Further, it offers a novel framework to integrate trait, metabolic/allometric, and species-richness based approaches in order to build a more predictive functional biogeography to show how assemblages of species have and will respond to climate change.
description: 96 pages, 7 Figures, Appendix with 5 figures
Differentiating brain function of punishment versus reward processing in conduct disorder with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Creators: name: Baumann, Sarah
name: Hartz, Arne
name: Scharke, Wolfgang
name: De Brito, Stephane A.
name: Fairchild, Graeme
name: Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate
name: Konrad, Kerstin
name: Kohls, Gregor
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Conduct disorder (CD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are reported to co-occur in about 30–50% of affected individuals. Research suggests that poor reinforcement-based decision-making may contribute to impaired social functioning in both youths with CD and ADHD. Considering its frequent co-occurrence this raises the question whether decision-making deficits in both disorders have a disorder-specific and/or shared neurobiological basis. 138 participants with CD, ADHD, or CD + ADHD, and typically developing controls (TDCs) aged 9–18 years (48% girls) were included in the study. Participants completed a reinforcement-based decision-making task in the fMRI scanner, investigating decision-making capabilities under different reinforcement contingencies (i.e. punishment vs. reward). Whole-brain and ROI analyses were used to test for potential group differences. For punishment versus reward contingencies, relative to TDCs, youths with CD + ADHD displayed lower brain activity in dorsal striatum (incl. caudate), middle temporal gyrus (MTG), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and lateral occipital cortex, and they showed lower activity in dorsal striatum (incl. putamen), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and IFG relative to participants with ADHD. All other group comparisons were found to be non-significant. Participants with comorbid CD + ADHD are neurobiologically the most severely impaired group regarding reinforcement-based decision-making, particularly in response to punishment.
Development of a control system for the teat-end vacuum in individual quarter milking systems
Creators: name: Ströbel, Ulrich
name: Rose-Meierhöfer, Sandra
name: Öz, Hülya
name: Brunsch, Reiner
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: vacuum control valve
subject: pressure sensor
subject: vacuum control system
subject: fluctuation
subject: reduction
subject: milk flow rate
subject: teat-end
subject: 630

description: Progress in sensor technique and electronics has led to a decrease in the costs of electronic and sensor components. In modern dairy farms, having udders in good condition, a lower frequency of udder disease and an extended service life of dairy cows will help ensure competitiveness. The objective of this study was to develop a teat-end vacuum control system with individual quarter actor reaction. Based on a review of the literature, this system is assumed to protect the teat tissue. It reduces the mean teat-end vacuum in the maximum vacuum phase (b) to a level of 20 kPa at a flow rate of 0.25 L/min per quarter. At flow rates higher than 1.50 L/min per quarter, the teat-end vacuum can be controlled to a level of 30 kPa, because in this case it is desirable to have a higher vacuum for the transportation of the milk to the receiver. With this system it is possible for the first time to supply the teat end with low vacuum at low flow rates and with higher vacuum at increasing flow rates in a continuous process with a three second reaction-rate on individual quarter level. This system is completely automated.
The Optimal Arbitrary-Proportional Finite-Set-Partitioning
Creators: name: Li, Tiancheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers the arbitrary-proportional finite-set-partitioning problem which involves partitioning a finite set into multiple subsets with respect to arbitrary nonnegative proportions. This is the core art of many fundamental problems such as determining quotas for different individuals of different weights or sampling from a discrete-valued weighted sample set to get a new identically distributed but non-weighted sample set (e.g. the resampling needed in the particle filter). The challenge raises as the size of each subset must be an integer while its unbiased expectation is often not. To solve this problem, a metric (cost function) is defined on their discrepancies and correspondingly a solution is proposed to determine the sizes of each subsets, gaining the minimal bias. Theoretical proof and simulation demonstrations are provided to demonstrate the optimality of the scheme in the sense of the proposed metric.
Differentiating Brain Function of Punishment versus Reward Processing in Conduct Disorder with and without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Creators: name: Baumann, Sarah
name: Hartz, Arne
name: Scharke, Wolfgang
name: De Brito, Stephane A.
name: Fairchild, Graeme
name: Herpertz-Dahlmann, Beate
name: Konrad, Kerstin
name: Kohls, Gregor
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Conduct disorder (CD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are reported to co-occur in about 30-50% of affected individuals. Research suggests that poor reinforcement-based decision-making may contribute to impaired social functioning in both youths with CD and ADHD. Considering its frequent co-occurrence this raises the question whether decision-making deficits in both disorders have a disorder-specific and/or shared neurobiological basis. 138 participants with CD, ADHD, or CD + ADHD, and typically developing controls (TDCs) aged 9-18 years (48% girls) were included in the study. Participants completed a reinforcement-based decision-making task in the fMRI scanner, investigating decision-making capabilities under different reinforcement contingencies (i.e. punishment vs. reward). Whole-brain and ROI analyses were used to test for potential group differences. For punishment versus reward contingencies, relative to TDCs, youths with CD + ADHD displayed lower brain activity in dorsal striatum (incl. caudate), middle temporal gyrus (MTG), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and lateral occipital cortex, and they showed lower activity in dorsal striatum (incl. putamen), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and IFG relative to participants with ADHD. All other group comparisons were found to be non-significant. Participants with comorbid CD + ADHD are neurobiologically the most severely impaired group regarding reinforcement-based decision-making, particularly in response to punishment.
Effect of collisions and magnetic convergence on electron acceleration and transport in reconnecting twisted solar flare loops
Creators: name: Gordovskyy, M.
name: Browning, P. K.
name: Kontar, E. P.
name: Bian, N. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model of particle acceleration coupled with an MHD model of magnetic reconnection in unstable twisted coronal loops. The kink instability leads to the formation of helical currents with strong parallel electric fields resulting in electron acceleration. The motion of electrons in the electric and magnetic fields of the reconnecting loop is investigated using a test-particle approach taking into account collisional scattering. We discuss the effects of Coulomb collisions and magnetic convergence near loop footpoints on the spatial distribution and energy spectra of high-energy electron populations and possible implications on the hard X-ray emission in solar flares.
Zero-shot cross-lingual transfer language selection using linguistic similarity
Creators: name: Eronen, Juuso
name: Ptaszynski, Michal
name: Masui, Fumito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the selection of transfer languages for different Natural Language Processing tasks, specifically sentiment analysis, named entity recognition and dependency parsing. In order to select an optimal transfer language, we propose to utilize different linguistic similarity metrics to measure the distance between languages and make the choice of transfer language based on this information instead of relying on intuition. We demonstrate that linguistic similarity correlates with cross-lingual transfer performance for all of the proposed tasks. We also show that there is a statistically significant difference in choosing the optimal language as the transfer source instead of English. This allows us to select a more suitable transfer language which can be used to better leverage knowledge from high-resource languages in order to improve the performance of language applications lacking data. For the study, we used datasets from eight different languages from three language families.
Factsheet | ORCID – meine persönliche iD in der Wissenschaft
Creators: name: Boxhammer, Tim
name: Bentrup, Steff
name: Meinecke, Isabella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ORCID
open researcher and contributor iD
Identifikator
PID
persistent
Autorenidentifikation
Autorinnenidentifikation
wissenschaftliches Publizieren
Fachzeitschrift
Wissenschaftler
Wissenschaftlerin
Wissenschaft
Open Science

description: Die Open Researcher and Contributor iD (ORCID iD) verknüpft Forschungsergebnisse und -aktivitäten dauerhaft und eindeutig mit Personen aus der Wissenschaft. ORCID hilft dadurch, die Sichtbarkeit der eigenen Forschung zu steigern, unabhängig von Institutionen und kommerziellen Anbietern. Die Arbeitsstelle Open Science der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg stellt ein deutschsprachiges Factsheet zur ORCID iD bereit. Das Factsheet enthält kondensierte Informationen zur Funktion und zum Nutzen von ORCID als persönliche iD in der Wissenschaft. Am 09. November 2021 wurde die inhaltlich und grafisch überarbeitete Version "Factsheet ORCID v2" publiziert.
Additional file 5 of Sex differences during development in cortical temporal processing and event related potentials in wild-type and fragile X syndrome model mice
Creators: name: Croom, Katilynne
name: Rumschlag, Jeffrey A.
name: Erickson, Michael A.
name: Binder, Devin
name: Razak, Khaleel A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 5. Full statistical analysis of WT development ERP data. Two-way ANOVA results for ERP analysis. Post hoc comparisons were done using Tukey’s and Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons tests. See text for post hoc results. Bold text indicates statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05).
Factsheet | ORCID – your personal ID in science
Creators: name: Boxhammer, Tim
name: Mehrtens, Hela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ORCID
open researcher and contributor iD
identifier
PID
persistent
author identification
scientific publishing
research journal
science
research
open science
scientist
scholar
researcher
factsheet

description: The Open Researcher and Contributor iD (ORCID iD) links research results and activities permanently and unambiguously with scholars and researchers worldwide. Using ORCID actively increases the visibility of your research, independent of institutions and commercial providers. This factsheet contains condensed information on the functions and benefits of ORCID as a personal iD in research.
A Bayesian Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) to Generate Synthetic Time-Series Data, Application in Combined Sewer Flow Prediction
Creators: name: Bakhshipour, Amin E.
name: Koochali, Alireza
name: Dittmer, Ulrich
name: Haghighi, Ali
name: Ahmad, Sheraz
name: Dengel, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite various breakthroughs in machine learning and data analysis techniques for improving smart operation and management of urban water infrastructures, some key limitations obstruct this progress. Among these shortcomings, the absence of freely available data due to data privacy or high costs of data gathering and the nonexistence of adequate rare or extreme events in the available data plays a crucial role. Here, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can help overcome these challenges. In machine learning, generative models are a class of methods capable of learning data distribution to generate artificial data. In this study, we developed a GAN model to generate synthetic time series to balance our limited recorded time series data and improve the accuracy of a data-driven model for combined sewer flow prediction. We considered the sewer system of a small town in Germany as the test case. Precipitation and inflow to the storage tanks are used for the Data-Driven model development. The aim is to predict the flow using precipitation data and examine the impact of data augmentation using synthetic data in model performance. Results show that GAN can successfully generate synthetic time series from real data distribution, which helps more accurate peak flow prediction. However, the model without data augmentation works better for dry weather prediction. Therefore, an ensemble model is suggested to combine the advantages of both models.
description: Accepted in WDSA/CCWI 2022 Conference
Interacting vorticity waves as an instability mechanism for MHD shear instabilities
Creators: name: Heifetz, Eyal
name: Mak, Julian
name: Nycander, Jonas
name: Umurhan, Orkan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interacting vorticity wave formalism for shear flow instabilities is extended here to the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) setting, to provide a mechanistic description for the stabilising and destabilising of shear instabilities by the presence of a background magnetic field. The interpretation relies on local vorticity anomalies inducing a non-local velocity field, resulting in action-at-a-distance. It is shown here that the waves supported by the system are able to propagate vorticity via the Lorentz force, and waves may interact; existence of instability then rests upon whether the choice of basic state allows for phase-locking and constructive interference of the vorticity waves via mutual interaction. To substantiate this claim, we solve the instability problem of two representative basic states, one where a background magnetic field stabilises an unstable flow and the other where the field destabilises a stable flow, and perform relevant analyses to show how this mechanism operates in MHD.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, Journal of Fluid Mechanics template, submitted to Journal of Fluid Mechanics; comments welcome (v2: removed the redundant figure files in source zip file so resulting pdf really is 25 pages)
EXPLORING SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL USE AND AGE ON VALUE-DRIVEN ATTENTION
Creators: name: Battista, Jillian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Alcohol misuse and aging are each associated with deficits in attention. As such, hazardous alcohol use may increase the presence of these deficits as individuals age. Studies have shown that behavioral dysfunction associated with alcohol use may also be dependent on specific patterns of use, such as binge drinking, as well as sex-dependent. The aim of the current research study is to investigate the effect and extent of alcohol misuse on inevitable cognitive deficits associated with aging, particularly between males and females. The present hypothesis states that deficits in attention to rewarding stimuli will be more pronounced for older adults who report more alcohol use. Furthermore, it is hypothesized that there will be a sex-dependent effect of this relationship due to sex differences across effects of aging and alcohol use. Demographic and psychometric data related to alcohol use was collected via an online study conducted in February of 2021. The results indicated that older adults report significantly decreased value-driven attention compared to younger adults. However, more alcohol misuse under the age of 18 significantly predicted increased attention to reward in older individuals, but only among females. In other words, the more females reported having misused alcohol in adolescence, the greater attention to reward they reported with increasing age. This sex-specific and persistent effect on value-drive attention has implications for disrupted cognitive aging as a result of alcohol misuse. Additionally, it highlights a necessary approach to alcohol use as a lifetime interference on cognitive function.
Measures of Spin Ordering in the Potts Model with a Generalized External Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Chang, Shu-Chiuan
name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate measures of spin ordering in the $q$-state ferromagnetic Potts model in a generalized external magnetic field that favors or disfavors spin values in a subset $I_s = \{1,...,s\}$ of the total set of $q$ values. The results are contrasted with the corresponding measures of spin ordering in the case of a conventional external magnetic field that favors or disfavors a single spin value out of total set of $q$ values. Some illustrative calculations are included.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Physica A
Factsheet | Nutzungsrechte einräumen mit Creative-Commons-Lizenzen
Creators: name: Boxhammer, Tim
name: Kaulen, Ina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Creative Commons
open access
open science
CC-Lizenz
factsheet

description: Creative Commons-Lizenzen ermöglichen die einfache Einräumung von Nutzungsrechten durch Urheber:innen und schaffen Klarheit für alle, die urheberrechtlich geschützte Werke nutzen möchten. Für eine offene Wissenschaft sind Creative-Commons-Lizenzen essentiell und fördern die rechtssichere Verbreitung und Nachnutzung von Forschungsergebnissen. Die Arbeitsstelle Open Science der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg stellt ein deutschsprachiges Factsheet zu Creative-Commons-Lizenzen bereit. Das Factsheet enthält alle relevanten Informationen zur Verwendung von CC-Lizenzen im Umfeld einer offenen Wissenschaft.
Additional file 6 of Sex differences during development in cortical temporal processing and event related potentials in wild-type and fragile X syndrome model mice
Creators: name: Croom, Katilynne
name: Rumschlag, Jeffrey A.
name: Erickson, Michael A.
name: Binder, Devin
name: Razak, Khaleel A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 6. Full statistical analysis of KO development ERP data. Two-way ANOVA results for ERP analysis. Post hoc comparisons were done using Tukey’s and Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons tests. See text for post hoc results. Bold text indicates statistical significance (p ≤ 0.05).
Recent advances in the synthesis and biomedical applications of nanocomposite hydrogels
Creators: name: Spizzirri, Umile Gianfranco
name: Curcio, Manuela
name: Cirillo, Giuseppe
name: Spataro, Tania
name: Vittorio, Orazio
name: Picci, Nevio
name: Hampel, Silke
name: Iemma, Francesca
name: Nicoletta, Fiore Pasquale
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Carbon nanotubes
subject: graphene
subject: composite hydrogels
subject: electro-responsive
subject: 620

description: Hydrogels sensitive to electric current are usually made of polyelectrolytes and undergo erosion, swelling, de-swelling or bending in the presence of an applied electric field. The electrical conductivity of many polymeric materials used for the fabrication of biomedical devices is not high enough to achieve an effective modulation of the functional properties, and thus, the incorporation of conducting materials (e.g., carbon nanotubes and nanographene oxide) was proposed as a valuable approach to overcome this limitation. By coupling the biological and chemical features of both natural and synthetic polymers with the favourable properties of carbon nanostructures (e.g., cellular uptake, electromagnetic and magnetic behaviour), it is possible to produce highly versatile and effective nanocomposite materials. In the present review, the recent advances in the synthesis and biomedical applications of electro-responsive nanocomposite hydrogels are discussed.
Fast Escape from Quantum Mazes in Integrated Photonics
Creators: name: Caruso, Filippo
name: Crespi, Andrea
name: Ciriolo, Anna Gabriella
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
name: Osellame, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Escaping from a complex maze, by exploring different paths with several decision-making branches in order to reach the exit, has always been a very challenging and fascinating task. Wave field and quantum objects may explore a complex structure in parallel by interference effects, but without necessarily leading to more efficient transport. Here, inspired by recent observations in biological energy transport phenomena, we demonstrate how a quantum walker can efficiently reach the output of a maze by partially suppressing the presence of interference. In particular, we show theoretically an unprecedented improvement in transport efficiency for increasing maze size with respect to purely quantum and classical approaches. In addition, we investigate experimentally these hybrid transport phenomena, by mapping the maze problem in an integrated waveguide array, probed by coherent light, hence successfully testing our theoretical results. These achievements may lead towards future bio-inspired photonics technologies for more efficient transport and computation.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Combining the CLAUDS & HSC-SSP surveys: U+grizy(+YJHKs) photometry and photometric redshifts for 18M galaxies in the 20 deg2 of the HSC-SSP Deep and ultraDeep fields
Creators: name: Desprez, G.
name: Picouet, V.
name: Moutard, T.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Sawicki, M.
name: Coupon, J.
name: Gwyn, S.
name: Chen, L.
name: Huang, J.
name: Golob, A.
name: Furusawa, H.
name: Ikeda, H.
name: Paltani, S.
name: Cheng, C.
name: Hartley, W.
name: Hsieh, B. C.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Kauffmann, O. B.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Shuntov, M.
name: Tanaka, M.
name: Toft, S.
name: Tresse, L.
name: Weaver, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the combination of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CHFT) Large Area $U$-bands Deep Survey (CLAUDS) and the Hyper-Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) data over their four deep fields. We provide photometric catalogs for $u$, $u^*$ (CFHT--MegaCam), $g$, $r$, $i$, $z$, and $y$ (Subaru--HSC) bands over $\sim 20~{\rm deg}^2$, complemented in two fields by data from the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) Deep Extragalactic Observations (VIDEO) survey and the UltraVISTA survey, thus extending the wavelength coverage toward near-infrared with VIRCAM $Y$, $J$, $H$, and $K_s$ observations over $5.5~{\rm deg}^2$. The extraction of the photometry was performed with two different softwares: the HSC pipeline hscPipe and the standard and robust SExtractor software. Photometric redshifts were computed with template-fitting methods using the new Phosphoros code for the hscPipe photometry and the well-known Le Phare code for the SExtractor photometry. The products of these methods were compared with each other in detail. We assessed their quality using the large spectroscopic sample available in those regions, together with photometry and photometric redshifts from COSMOS2020, the latest version of the Cosmic Evolution Survey catalogs. We find that both photometric data sets are in good agreement in $Ugrizy$ down to magnitude$\sim26$, and to magnitude$\sim24.5$ in the $YJHK_s$ bands. We achieve good performance for the photometric redshifts, reaching precisions of $σ_{NMAD} \lesssim 0.04$ down to ${m}_i\sim25$, even using only the CLAUDS and HSC bands. At the same magnitude limit, we measured an outlier fraction of $η\lesssim 10\%$ when using the $Ugrizy$ bands, and down to $η\lesssim 6\%$ when considering near-infrared data. [abridged]
description: 25 pages (20+5 Appendices), 17 figures (+4 in appendices), 4 Tables (+2 in appendices), Accepted for publication in A&A
'Along an imperfectly-lighted path'
Creators: name: Sepielli, Andrew Christopher
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Nobody's going to object to the advice "Do the right thing", but that doesn't mean everyone's always going to follow it. Sometimes this is because of our volitional limitations; we cannot always bring ourselves to make the sacrifices that right action requires. But sometimes this is because of our cognitive limitations; we cannot always be sure of what is right. Sometimes we can't be sure of what's right because we don't know the non-normative facts. But sometimes, even if we were to know all of the non-normative facts, we'd still not be sure about what's right, because we're uncertain about the normative reasons those facts give us. In this dissertation, I attempt to answer the question of what we're to do when we must act under fundamentally normative uncertainty.It's tempting to think that, in such circumstances, we should do what we regard as most probably right. I argue that this view is mistaken, for it is insensitive to how degrees of actions' values compare across different normative hypotheses; if an action is probably right, but, if wrong, is terribly, terribly, wrong, it may be rational not to do that action. A better answer is that we should do the action with the highest expected value. I spend the first part of the dissertation providing arguments for and rebutting arguments against this view of action under normative uncertainty. I spend the next part of the dissertation explaining what degrees of value are, and showing how they can be compared across normative hypotheses. In the remaining parts of the dissertation, I consider two questions related to our primary question -- first, what is one required, or obligated, to do under normative uncertainty; and second, what is it rational for one to do when one is not only normatively uncertain in the way we've been discussing, but also uncertain about what it is rational to do under this sort of normative uncertainty.
Factsheet | ROR – Organisations-ID für Forschungseinrichtungen
Creators: name: Boxhammer, Tim
name: Vierkant, Paul
name: Meinecke, Isabella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Research Organization Registry
ROR
ROR ID
Forschungseinrichtungen
Forschung
Wissenschaft
Affiliation
Identifikator
persistent
Factsheet

description: Die persistente Organisations-ID der Research Organization Registry (ROR ID) verknüpft Forschungseinrichtungen eindeutig und nachhaltig mit Wissenschaftler:innen und Forschungsergebnissen auch bei Namens- und Sprachvarianten der Affiliation. Die ROR ID ermöglicht damit die eindeutige Verlinkung affiliierter Forschungsinstitute und Hochschulen und vereinfacht die Erfassung des Publikationsoutputs der Einrichtungen. Die Arbeitsstelle Open Science der Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg stellt in Zusammenarbeit mit Paul Vierkant (DataCite) ein deutschsprachiges Factsheet zu ROR bereit. Das Factsheet enthält kondensierte Informationen zur Funktion und zum Nutzen der ROR ID als Organisations-Identifikator für Forschungseinrichtungen.
Evidence of tidal distortions and mass loss from the old open cluster NGC 6791
Creators: name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Miocchi, P.
name: Carraro, G.
name: Jilkova, L.
name: Moitinho, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first evidence of clear signatures of tidal distortions in the density distribution of the fascinating open cluster NGC 6791. We used deep and wide-field data obtained with the Canada-France-Hawaii-Telescope covering a 2x2 square degrees area around the cluster. The two-dimensional density map obtained with the optimal matched filter technique shows a clear elongation and an irregular distribution starting from ~300" from the cluster center. At larger distances, two tails extending in opposite directions beyond the tidal radius are also visible. These features are aligned to both the absolute proper motion and to the Galactic center directions. Moreover, other overdensities appear to be stretched in a direction perpendicular to the Galactic plane. Accordingly to the behaviour observed in the density map, we find that both the surface brightness and the star count density profiles reveal a departure from a King model starting from ~600" from the center. These observational evidence suggest that NGC 6791 is currently experiencing mass loss likely due to gravitational shocking and interactions with the tidal field. We use this evidence to argue that NGC 6791 should have lost a significant fraction of its original mass. A larger initial mass would in fact explain why the cluster survived so long. Using available recipes based on analytic studies and N-body simulations, we derived the expected mass loss due to stellar evolution and tidal interactions and estimated the initial cluster mass to be M_ini=(1.5-4) x 10^5 M_sun.
description: Accepted for publication in the MNRAS (9 pages, 8 Figures)
Additional file 1: of The U&I study: study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial of a pre-cognitive behavioural therapy digital â  informed choiceâ   intervention to improve attitudes towards uptake and implementation of CBT for psychosis
Creators: name: Greenwood, Kathryn
name: Alford, Katie
name: OâLeary, Iain
name: Peters, Emmanuelle
name: Hardy, Amy
name: Cavanagh, Kate
name: Field, Andy
name: Visser, Richard De
name: Fowler, David
name: Davies, Matthew
name: Papamichail, Alexandra
name: Garety, Philippa
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: SPIRIT Checklist for the U&I Project. (DOC 121 kb)
Additional file 1 of Human adenoviruses in children with gastroenteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Khales, Pegah
name: Razizadeh, Mohammad Hossein
name: Ghorbani, Saied
name: Moattari, Afagh
name: Sarvari, Jamal
name: Saadati, Hassan
name: Sayyahfar, Shirin
name: Salavatiha, Zahra
name: Hasanabad, Morteza Haghighi
name: Poortahmasebi, Vahdat
name: Tavakoli, Ahmad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Iterated fractional Tikhonov regularization
Creators: name: Bianchi, Davide
name: Buccini, Alessandro
name: Donatelli, Marco
name: Serra-Capizzano, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fractional Tikhonov regularization methods have been recently proposed to reduce the oversmoothing property of the Tikhonov regularization in standard form, in order to preserve the details of the approximated solution. Their regularization and convergence properties have been previously investigated showing that they are of optimal order. This paper provides saturation and converse results on their convergence rates. Using the same iterative refinement strategy of iterated Tikhonov regularization, new iterated fractional Tikhonov regularization methods are introduced. We show that these iterated methods are of optimal order and overcome the previous saturation results. Furthermore, nonstationary iterated fractional Tikhonov regularization methods are investigated, establishing their convergence rate under general conditions on the iteration parameters. Numerical results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed regularization iterations.
Factsheet | ROR – organization ID for research institutions
Creators: name: Boxhammer, Tim
name: Mehrtens, Hela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research Organization Registry
ROR
ROR ID
research institution
affiliation
science
open science
identifier
persistent
PID
factsheet

description: The ROR ID of the Research Organization Registry (ROR) persistently links institutions that conduct, fund, and publish research with scholars and research output, even with name and language variants of the affiliation. This factsheet contains condensed information on the functionality and benefits of ROR ID as a persistent identifier of research institutions.
Additional file 1: of The U&I study: study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial of a pre-cognitive behavioural therapy digital â  informed choiceâ   intervention to improve attitudes towards uptake and implementation of CBT for psychosis
Creators: name: Greenwood, Kathryn
name: Alford, Katie
name: OâLeary, Ian
name: Peters, Emmanuelle
name: Hardy, Amy
name: Cavanagh, Kate
name: Field, Andy
name: Visser, Richard De
name: Fowler, David
name: Davies, Matthew
name: Papamichail, Alexandra
name: Garety, Philippa
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: SPIRIT Checklist for the U&I Project. (DOC 121 kb)
Chapter 11: Morphostratigraphy and pedostratigraphy: using landforms and soils to subdivide strata
Creators: name: Waters, Colin
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth sciences
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: This document contains, for ease of download and use in the field, the summary of an hierarchical morphogenetic scheme for classifying artificial (man-made) ground and a worked example of the application of morphostratigraphy in the mapping and classification of artificially modified ground in the urban setting of Swansea, Wales.
Weak solutions to Allen-Cahn-like equations modelling consolidation of porous media
Creators: name: Harris, P. Artale
name: Cirillo, E. N. M.
name: Muntean, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the weak solvability of a system of coupled Allen-Cahn-like equations resembling cross-diffusion which is arising as a model for the consolidation of saturated porous media. Besides using energy like estimates, we cast the special structure of the system in the framework of the Leray-Schauder fixed point principle and ensure this way the local existence of strong solutions to a regularised version of our system. Furthermore, weak convergence techniques ensure the existence of weak solutions to the original consolidation problem. The uniqueness of global-in-time solutions is guaranteed in a particular case. Moreover, we use a finite difference scheme to show the negativity of the vector of solutions.
Signature of weakly coupled $f$ electrons and conduction electrons in magnetic Weyl semimetal candidates PrAlSi and SmAlSi
Creators: name: Lou, Rui
name: Fedorov, Alexander
name: Zhao, Lingxiao
name: Yaresko, Alexander
name: Büchner, Bernd
name: Borisenko, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic topological materials are a class of compounds with the underlying interplay of nontrivial band topology and magnetic spin configuration. Extensive interests have been aroused due to their application potential involved with an array of exotic quantum states. With angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, here we study the electronic properties of two magnetic Weyl semimetal candidates PrAlSi and SmAlSi. Though the two compounds harbor distinct magnetic ground states (ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic for PrAlSi and SmAlSi, respectively) and 4$f$ shell fillings, we find that they share quite analogous low-energy band structure. By the measurements across the magnetic transitions, we further reveal that there is no evident evolution of the band structure in both compounds and the experimental spectra can be well reproduced by the nonmagnetic calculations, together suggesting a negligible effect of the magnetism on their electronic structures and a possibly weak coupling between the localized 4$f$ electrons and the itinerant conduction electrons. Our results offer essential insights into the interactions between magnetism, electron correlations, and topological orders in the $R$Al$X$ ($R$ = light rare earth and $X$ = Si or Ge) family.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Small random instances of the stable roommates problem
Creators: name: Mertens, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $p_n$ denote the probability that a random instance of the stable roommates problem of size $n$ admits a solution. We derive an explicit formula for $p_n$ and compute exact values of $p_n$ for $n\leq 12$.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables