cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of dynamic DNA modifications in pluripotent stem cells and primordial germ cells
Creators: name: Linnett, Sarah
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Almost 65 years have passed since the discovery of 5 methylcytosine (5mC). DNA methylation has since been shown to be involved in gene expression, genomic imprinting, X chromosome inactivation, the repression of retrotransposons and cell differentiation. In the context of mammalian embryonic development, DNA methylation undergoes genome-wide reprogramming in primordial germ cells (PGCs). Despite a huge research effort, the mechanism underlying DNA demethylation in PGCs is unclear. Limited progress is largely due to technical challenges. Many widely used analytical techniques require large amounts of biological material and are therefore inappropriate for studies using small numbers of cells isolated from developing embryos. Our understanding of the mechanisms behind the developmental reprogramming processes may therefore be greatly enhanced by the use of complementary model systems and alternative technologies. The experiments described herein focus on the development and optimisation of a number of in vitro and in vivo systems to explore the nature of epigenetic DNA modifications, including 5-methylcytosine, and the mechanisms that dictate dynamic changes in the epigenetic landscape. The development and validation of sensitive LC-MS methods facilitates the quantification of DNA modifications, potentially enables the discovery of novel modifications, and by combining LC-MS with isotope tracing, may fundamentally challenge our current understanding of the stable nature of DNA methylation. Ultimately, we envisage that these approaches will form a versatile and informative platform to study genome-wide epigenetic reprogramming processes in an in vivo context. In many respects, loss of 5-methylcytosine in migratory PGCs mirrors the loss of 5-methylcytosine in mESCs upon transition from serum-containing to 2i medium. Accordingly, I used this accessible system to probe the contribution of DNA methyltransferases, putative DNA demethylases, their cofactors and binding partners to the loss of 5-methylcytosine in nascent PGCs. I show that loss of Dnmt3a isoform 2 is necessary for 2i-induced DNA demethylation. Furthermore, this loss is dependent on RNA-induced silencing. More generally, miRNAs appear to be necessary for the epigenetic reprogramming of mESCs to the naive ground state. It is possible that the same miRNAs are involved in DNA demethylation in migratory PGCs. I also show that retinol has an unexpected effect on the rate and extent of DNA demethylation. How this finding translates in the context of primordial germ cell development is unknown. It does, however, highlight both a potential source of variation in the published data and the need to understand the interplay between cell metabolism and epigenetic reprogramming.
Role of phosphate and calcium in sol-gel bioactive glasses and silica/poly(caprolactone) hybrids
Creators: name: Ting, Hung-Kai
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: There are currently no biomaterials that can 100% mimic the functions of living tissues. Sol-gel derived bioactive glasses (SiO2-CaO-P2O5) bond with bone through formation of a hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer and are bioresorbable, releasing ions that can stimulate bone regeneration at genetic level. Here, structural analysis showed that hydroxyapatite (HA) formed within the glass, during sol-gel processing, due to orthophosphate units being formed after hydrolysis of the phosphate precursor. The first aim was to produce a sol-gel bioactive glass that contains no pre-formed HA but with good bioactivity. Increasing the P2O5 to CaO ratio caused the formation of a phosphate glass network. Glass is brittle and cannot be used when a bone defect is subjected to cyclic loads. A second aim was to synthesise an inorganic/organic hybrid from the new sol-gel glass and polycaprolactone (PCL), which has lower stiffness and is bioresorbable. Calcium methoxyethoxide (CME) was investigated as an alternative precursor to incorporate calcium into the inorganic network of the hybrids at room temperature. The hybrid improved the mechanical properties over sol-gel glass. HCA formed on the surface of PCL hybrids just after 3 days of simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion. Cell culture study also showed the PCL hybrids could support good cell attachment and passed ISO standard cytotoxicity test. 3-D printing PCL hybrid scaffold was possible but challenging.
Solid-state ion-gated polymer thin-film transistors
Creators: name: Thiburce, Quentin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis reports the fabrication and characterisation of thin-film transistors employing conjugated polymers as the semiconductor and solid-state ion conductors as the gate insulator. This type of devices has attracted a lot of attention in recent years, thanks to their ability to generate large currents at low voltages, which is particularly suitable for applications where a large signal amplification is desired. Sensors and active-matrix organic light-emitting diode displays are typical examples where the use of such devices is envisioned. Additionally, the advantages inherent to organic and polymeric materials, for instance low-cost and large-area solution processing, flexibility, transparency and tunability, allows one to envision novel technologies, such as flexible screens, conformable sensor arrays or electronic skin, which necessitate soft materials and could not be developed with the crystalline inorganic semiconductors used in conventional electronics.
Cooperative emission mediated by cooperative energy transfer to a plasmonic antenna
Creators: name: Shahbazyan, Tigran V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory of cooperative emission mediated by cooperative energy transfer (CET) from an ensemble of quantum emitters (QE) to plasmonic antenna at a rate equal to the sum of individual QE-plasmon energy transfer rates. If the antenna radiation efficiency is sufficiently high, the transferred energy is radiated away at approximately the same cooperative rate that scales with the ensemble size. We derive explicit expressions, in terms of local fields, for cooperative Purcell factor and enhancement factor for power spectrum valid for plasmonic structures of any shape with characteristic size smaller than the radiation wavelength. The radiated power spectrum retains the plasmon resonance lineshape with overall amplitude scaling with the ensemble size. If QEs are located in a region with nearly constant plasmon local density of states (LDOS), e.g., inside a plasmonic nanocavity, we demonstrate that the CET rate scales linearly with the number of excited QEs, consistent with the experiment, and can be tuned in a wide range by varying the excitation power. For QEs distributed in an extended region saturating the plasmon mode volume, we show that the cooperative Purcell factor has universal form independent of the system size. The CET mechanism incorporates the plasmon LDOS enhancement as well, giving rise to possibilities of controlling the emission rate beyond field enhancement limits.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Synthetic biology approaches for engineered living materials
Creators: name: Gilbert, Charles
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Nature produces materials with remarkable properties. Starting from single cells, organisms can proliferate and direct the conversion and accumulation of simple raw materials to form large structures. Following pre-programmed genetic rules, the cells that orchestrate the synthesis of these materials exert an incredible degree of control over the morphology of the structures they form. Over the course of evolution, natural biological materials have acquired a staggering range of properties – from electrical conductivity to strong underwater adhesion to thermoplasticity. Lastly, natural biological materials are not inert. The cells that produce these materials and remain associated with them are able to sense and respond to changes in their environment. However, in their natural form, the utility of these materials for applications in human industry and society is limited. Might it be possible to genetically-program living cells to create entirely new and useful biological materials? The emerging field of engineered living materials (ELMs) aims to address this question by recreating and engineering the natural processes of biological material assembly. Here we explore two distinct strategies for the development of genetically-programmable biological ELMs. Firstly, motivated by a desire to create a modular platform for de novo ELM assembly, we developed a strategy enabling extracellular conjugation of proteins secreted by the Gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus subtilis. We demonstrate the utility of this system, not only for ELM development, but more generally for the synthetic biology and biotechnology research communities. Secondly, we developed a novel co-culture approach to produce growable bacterial cellulose (BC) materials with genetically-programmed functional properties. Specifically, inspired by the pseudo-natural microbial community of fermented kombucha tea, we recreated kombucha-like co-cultures between an engineerable BC-producing bacterium Komagataeibacter rhaeticus and the model organism and synthetic biology host Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These approaches therefore lay the groundwork for the development of an entirely new class of materials, ELMs.
Measurement of the groomed jet mass in PbPb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_\mathrm{NN}}} =$ 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the groomed jet mass in PbPb and pp collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC is presented. Jet grooming is a recursive procedure which sequentially removes soft constituents of a jet until a pair of hard subjets is found. The resulting groomed jets can be used to study modifications to the parton shower evolution in the presence of the hot and dense medium created in heavy ion collisions. Predictions of groomed jet properties from the PYTHIA and HERWIG++ event generators agree with the measurements in pp collisions. When comparing the results from the most central PbPb collisions to pp data, a hint of an increase of jets with large jet mass is observed, which could originate from additional medium-induced radiation at a large angle from the jet axis. However, no modification of the groomed mass of the core of the jet is observed for all PbPb centrality classes. The PbPb results are also compared to predictions from the JEWEL and Q-PYTHIA event generators, which predict a large modification of the groomed mass not observed in the data.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-16-024 (CMS Public Pages)
Short Timescale Variability in the External Shock Model of Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Dermer, Charles D.
name: Mitman, Kurt E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a computer model to calculate gamma ray burst (GRB) light curves and efficiencies from the interaction of a single, thin blast wave with clouds in the external medium. Large amplitude, spiky variability occurs when the clouds have radii r << R/Gamma, where R is the mean distance of a cloud from the GRB source and Gamma is the blast-wave Lorentz factor. Efficiencies >~ 10% require a large number of small clouds, each with sufficiently large column densities to extract most of the available blast-wave energy in the region of interaction. For such efficiencies, we find that erratic variability persists in the simulated GRB light curves. If GRB sources are surrounded by clouds with such properties, then short timescale variability of GRBs is possible in the external shock model.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, uses aaspp4.sty, ApJ Letters, in press (1999) Corrections made in response to referee report
Additional file 5: of Bivariate genome-wide association analysis strengthens the role of bitter receptor clusters on chromosomes 7 and 12 in human bitter taste
Creators: name: Liang-Dar Hwang
name: Puya Gharahkhani
name: Breslin, Paul
name: Gordon, Scott
name: Zhu, Gu
name: Martin, Nicholas
name: Reed, Danielle
name: Wright, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S5. Top 100 SNPs on chromosome 7 associated with the perceived intensity of PROP solution. (DOCX 175 kb)
Clinical Presentation of Spondyloathropathy in a Single Rheumatology Centre: A Cross-sectional Study
Creators: name: Wahinuddin Sulaiman
name: Siti Nor Raudzah Bunari
name: Sabaridah Ismail
name: Lay Kim Tan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spondyloathropathy
clinical manifestations

description: Objective: The aimof the study to describe the common presentation of spondyloathropathies patients in a single Rheumatology centre at Hospital Raja Permaisuri Bainun, State of Perak, Malaysia. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a single center rheumatology clinic between 2010 and 2013. A total of ninety-five spondyloarthropathy patients were randomly sampled and included in this study where the patients were diagnosed by rheumatologist based on the established diagnostic classification criteria. The demographic and clinical data of the selected patients were obtained from clinic records. Results: A total of ninety-one spondyarthropathy patients were selected with male to female ratio were comparable and Malays ethnicity is more predominant (50%). The mean age was 42 years old with peak age ranging between 38-47 years (34.7%). Our findings described that low back pain is presented in all the AS patients (100%). In addition, peripheral arthritis is common in AS (26%), PsA (98.4%) and ReA (50%) patients, respectively. Meanwhile, psoriasis is common in PsA (100%) patients but not found to be presented in AS and ReA patients. Conclusion: The commonest SpA encountered in this rheumatology centre are PsA and AS with female and male preponderance respectively. Clinical manifestations show heterogeneity among different SpA group as this may attributed to number of patients in each group. Peripheral arthritis is a common clinical presentation in both AS and PsA patients. Our results further described that psoriasis is the commonest clinical presentation in PsA patients but not in AS and ReA patients.
Are accelerated detectors sensitive to Planck scale changes?
Creators: name: Sahota, Harkirat Singh
name: Lochan, Kinjalk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the foremost concerns in the analysis of quantum gravity is whether the locations of classical horizons are stable under a full quantum analysis. In principle, any classical description, when interpolated to the microscopic level, can become prone to fluctuations. The curious question in that case is if there indeed are such fluctuations at the Planck scale, do they have any significance for physics taking place at scales much away from the Planck scale? In this work, we address the question of small scales and address whether there are definitive signatures of Planck scale shifts in the horizon structure. In a recent work (arXiv:2107.03406), it was suggested that in a nested sequence of Rindler causal wedges, the vacua of preceding Rindler frames appear thermally populated to a shifted Rindler frame. The Bogoliubov analysis relies on the global notion of the quantum field theory and turns out to be insensitive to the local character of these horizon shifts. We investigate this system by means of the Unruh-DeWitt detector and see if this local probe of the quantum field theory is sensitive enough to the shift parameters to reveal any microscopic effects. For the case of infinite-time response, we recover the thermal spectrum, thus reaffirming that the infinite-time response probes the global properties of the field. On the other hand, the finite-time response turns out to be sensitive to the shift parameter in a peculiar way that any detector with energy gap $Ωc/a \sim 1$ and is operational for timescale $T a/c \sim 1$ has a measurably different response for a macroscopic and microscopic shift of the horizon, giving us a direct probe to the tiniest separation between the Rindler wedges. Thus, this study provides an operational method to identify Planck scale effects that can be generalized to various other interesting gravitational settings.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Anas erythropus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas erythropus

description: Anas erythropus [spec. nov.]
A. cinerea, fronte alba. Fn. svec. 92.
Anser helsingicus. Clus. exot. 368.
Habitat in Europa septentrionali.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 123, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Structural and functional studies of bacterial detoxification mechanisms
Creators: name: Choudhury, Hassanul Ghani
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Bacterial multidrug resistance is a prominent issue with an ever-increasing amount of drugs becoming ineffective in treating bacterial infections. The elucidation of the 3D structure of bacterial resistance proteins has become extremely important in the development of new antimicrobials. Bacteria can sense external stimuli and regulate the expression of genes that can confer antibiotic resistance. Response regulators are capable of binding DNA both in their phosphorylated and unphosphorylated states, upregulating gene expression. The crystal structure of the unphosphorylated dimeric Escherichia coli BaeR in an intermediate state has been determined. One subunit of the dimer is in an “active-like” conformation and the other in an inactive conformation. The dimer is formed by a domain swap, which is supported by our small angle X-ray scattering data. This structure provides a possible mechanism on how an unphosphorylated response regulator is capable of binding DNA. Bacteria can detoxify toxic chalcogens, selenium and tellurium, by methylation. The structure of the Escherichia coli TehB has been determined. From our functional analysis, TehB is capable of methylating different chalcogen oxyanions, making it a powerful detoxifying protein. Based on the structure, mutagenesis and kinetic data, we proposed a reaction mechanism for chalcogen detoxification. This data provides the first molecular understanding of the detoxification process of chalcogens by bacteria. In order to survive, certain bacteria under nutrient starved conditions produce antimicrobial peptides (e.g. bacteriocins and microcins) that target closely related species. They have dedicated ABC transporters to export the toxins out of the cells producing them. The crystal structure of the microcin J25 ABC exporter McjD has been determined. Our biochemical data show McjD has a high specificity towards its substrate. In addition, McjD adopts a new ‘nucleotide-bound outward-occluded’ conformation. Comparison with other ABC exporters has allowed us to propose an intermediate step in ABC exporter mechanism.
2D force constraints in the method of regularized Stokeslets
Creators: name: Maxian, Ondrej
name: Strychalski, Wanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65M80, 74F10, 92C37

description: For many biological systems that involve elastic structures immersed in fluid, small length scales mean that inertial effects are also small, and the fluid obeys the Stokes equations. One way to solve the model equations representing such systems is through the Stokeslet, the fundamental solution to the Stokes equations, and its regularized counterpart, which treats the singularity of the velocity at points where force is applied. In two dimensions, an additional complication arises from Stokes' paradox, whereby the velocity from the Stokeslet is unbounded at infinity when the net hydrodynamic force within the domain is nonzero, invalidating the solutions. A straightforward computationally inexpensive method is presented for obtaining valid solutions to the Stokes equations for net nonzero forcing. The approach is based on imposing a mean zero velocity condition on a large curve that surrounds the domain of interest. The condition is shown to be equivalent to a net-zero force condition, where the opposite forces are applied on the large curve. The numerical method is applied to models of cellular motility and blebbing.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Communications in Applied Mathematics and Computational Science
Unfolding Tagged Particle Histories in Single-File Diffusion: Exact Single- and Two-Tag Local Times Beyond Large Deviation Theory
Creators: name: Lapolla, Alessio
name: Godec, Aljaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong positional correlations between particles render the diffusion of a tracer particle in a single file anomalous and non-Markovian. While ensemble average observables of tracer particles are nowadays well understood, little is known about the statistics of the corresponding functionals, i.e. the time-average observables. It even remains unclear how the non-Markovian nature emerges from correlations between particle trajectories at different times. Here, we first present rigorous results for fluctuations and two-tag correlations of general bounded functionals of ergodic Markov processes with a diagonalizable propagator. They relate the statistics of functionals on arbitrary time-scales to the relaxation eigenspectrum. Then we study tagged particle local times -- the time a tracer particle spends at some predefined location along a single trajectory up to a time t. Exact results are derived for one- and two-tag local times, which reveal how the individual particles' histories become correlated at higher densities because each consecutive displacement along a trajectory requires collective rearrangements. Our results unveil the intricate meaning of projection-induced memory on a trajectory level, invisible to ensemble-average observables, and allow for a detailed analysis of single-file experiments probing tagged particle exploration statistics.
description: Version published in New Journal of Physics
Determining cosmic microwave background anisotropies in the presence of foregrounds
Creators: name: Dodelson, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Separating foregrounds from the signal is one of the big challenges in cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments. A simple way to estimate the CMB temperature in a given pixel is to fit for the amplitudes of the CMB and the various foreground components. The variance squared of this estimator is shown to be equal to $[(FDF)^2\ \sigzt + \sigsh^2]$, where $\sigz$ is the variance in the absence of foregrounds; $\sigsh$ is the variance due to the uncertainty in the shapes of the foreground components; and FDF is the {\it foreground degradation factor}. This one number, the FDF, gives a good indication of the ability of a given experiment to disentangle the CMB from foreground sources. A variety of applications relating to the planning and analyzing of experiments is presented.
description: 25 pages LaTex and 8 postscript figures, uses psfig.tex. Color postscript version with embedded figures available at http://www-astro-theory.fnal.gov/; also available there is relevant software
Surface term, corner term, and action growth in F(Riemann) gravity theory
Creators: name: Jiang, Jie
name: Zhang, Hongbao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After reformulating $F($Riemann$)$ gravity theory as a second derivative theory by introducing two auxiliary fields to the bulk action, we derive the surface term as well as the corner term supplemented to the bulk action for a generic non-smooth boundary such that the variational principle is well posed. We also introduce the counter term to make the boundary term invariant under the reparametrization for the null segment. Then as a demonstration of the power of our formalism, not only do we apply our expression for the full action to evaluate the corresponding action growth rate of the Wheeler-DeWitt patch in the Schwarzchild anti-de Sitter black hole for the $F(R)$ gravity and critical gravity, where the corresponding late time behavior recovers the previous one derived by other approaches, but also in the asymptotically Anti-de Sitter black hole for the critical Einsteinian cubic gravity, where the late time growth rate vanishes but still saturates the Lloyd bound.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, one new case study suggested by referee to demonstrate the power of our formalism
Additional file 8: of Heterogeneous combinatorial expression of Hoxd genes in single cells during limb development
Creators: name: P. Fabre
name: M. Leleu
name: B. Mascrez
name: Q. Lo Giudice
name: J. Cobb
name: D. Duboule
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S6. Barplots of expression profiles for twelve representative genes that are differentially expressed between the observed combinations of posterior Hoxd genes in autopod cells. Top rows represent genes expressed in many combinations. Third row shows genes expressed in two or three combinations only. Bottom row shows genes only enriched in the cells expressing Hoxd10 to Hoxd13. (PDF 548 kb)
SO(3) family symmetry and axions
Creators: name: Reig, Mario
name: Valle, José W. F.
name: Wilczek, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the idea of comprehensive unification, we study a gauged SO(3) flavor extension of the extended Standard Model, including right-handed neutrinos and a Peccei-Quinn symmetry with simple charge assignments. The model accommodates the observed fermion masses and mixings and yields a characteristic, successful relation among them. The Peccei-Quinn symmetry is an essential ingredient.
description: 9 pages, matches published version
Sinking Satellites and the Heating of Galaxy Discs
Creators: name: Velazquez, H.
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out a set of self-consistent N-body simulations to study the interaction between disc galaxies and merging satellites with the aim of determining the disc kinematical changes induced by such events. We explore a region of the parameter space embracing satellites with different masses and internal structure and orbits of various eccentricities. We find that the analyt ic estimates of Tóth and Ostriker (1992) are high; overestimating the disc heating and thickening resulting from the accretion process by a factor of about 2-3. We find that the heating and thickening of the disc differ for satellites on prograde and retrograde orbits. The former tend to heat the stellar disc while the latter primarily produce a coherent tilt. Thus, disc galaxies may accrete quite massive satellites without destroying the disc, particularly, if the orbits are retrograde. We also find that a massive bulge may play a role in reducing these effects. We have quantified the importance of the responsiveness of the halo by replacing it by a rigid potentia l in several simulations. In these cases, the increase of the vertical scale length is larger by a factor of $1.5-2$, indicating that a self-consistent treatment is essential to get realistic results. A frequent by-product of the accretion process is the formation of weak stellar warps and asymmetric discs. Finally, we have checked how well Chandrasekhar's dynamical friction formula reproduces the sinking rates in several of our experiments. We find that it works well provided a suitable value is chosen for the Coulomb logarithm and the satellite mass is taken to be the mass still bound to the satellite at each moment.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, (to MNRAS). Figs. 3, 4 and 9 jpeg format
Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates: A Case from Tertiary Care Hospital, South India
Creators: name: Rangnekar Aseem
name: Mallaya Shrikara
name: Shenoy Shalini
name: Gupta Shefali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ESBL
antibiogram
drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

description: Background: Klebsiella's significance in the growing number of gram-negative aerobic bacillary nosocomial infections in the United States and India. Antimicrobial resistance is on the rise in the current antibiotic period, which is a major source of concern. Multidrug-resistant species such as Klebsiella pneumoniae are one of the most common causes of sepsis and infection-related deaths. Aim: This research used phenotypic methods to assess the prevalence of ESBL-producing Klebsiella in different clinical specimens. Materials and Methods: The existence of Extended Spectrum—lactamases (ESBLs) in samples received over a two-year span was determined phenotypically in a prospective laboratory-based analysis. A total of 7644 gram negative bacterial isolates were recovered from a total of 16526 clinical specimens received in the microbiology laboratory, over the two year period. Among the 2497 isolates of Klebsiella, 1157 isolates were ESBL positive (46%). Conclusion:  The infections caused by drug-resistant Klebsiella that produce ESBL are difficult to treat, and they can be fatal. In all healthcare settings, a strong and prompt implementation of an effective antibiotic policy and rational use of antibiotics is needed.
The Inverse-Compton And Extragalactic Components Of The Diffuse Gamma-Ray Emission
Creators: name: Chen, Andrew
name: Dwyer, Joseph
name: Kaaret, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectra of the inverse-Compton and extragalactic components of the high-energy gamma-radiation based on an analysis of the emission at high galactic latitudes ($\vert$b$\vert$ $\geq$ $30°$). We correlate the gamma-ray intensity with a model consisting of an isotropic component, a component proportional to the 408 MHz synchrotron radiation, and a component proportional to atomic hydrogen (H I) column density with different emissivities in eight galactic octants. The spectrum of gamma-radiation that is correlated with the H I column density indicates that this component originates in cosmic-ray/matter interactions. The cosmic-ray electrons which produce the 408 MHz radio continuum emission also produce gamma-radiation through inverse-Compton interactions with interstellar photons. By correlating the gamma-radiation with the 408 MHz continuum, we measure the spectrum and absolute intensity of the IC emission. The isotropic component gives us the spectrum and intensity of the extragalactic gamma-radiation. We discuss interpretation of the extragalactic spectrum.
description: 21 page Postscript file, 10 Postscript figures
Emission within a Damped Lyman Alpha Absorption Trough: the Complex Sight Line Towards Q2059-360
Creators: name: Leibundgut, Bruno
name: Robertson, J. Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new spectroscopic observations of the quasar Q2059-360, confirming the existence of an emission feature within the Damped Lyman Alpha (DLA) absorption trough. By observing also at slit positions offset from the quasar, we show that the emission is spatially extended by at least a few arcseconds, and hence confirm that the feature seen must be due to emission rather than unusual absorption characteristics. We find that the DLA trough is very close in redshift to the broad Lyman~$α$ emission line of the QSO, with the result that the DLA absorption removes much of the peak region of that line. Despite the similarity of the redshifts of the DLA and the QSO, the lack of high-ionization lines of the DLA system and the unresolved widths of the corresponding metal lines indicate that the DLA cloud is not an associated system. The emission feature has a large velocity offset of +490 km/s with respect to the DLA system, and is resolved in velocity, comprising two components with a separation of ~ 300 km/s. We consider three possibilities: (1) Both emission and absorption occur within an object similar to the high redshift Lyman-break galaxies; (2) The emission feature arises from an object distinct from both the DLA absorber and the QSO, perhaps a young star-forming galaxy or a proto-galactic clump. It could be associated with the DLA absorber and perhaps the QSO in a compact group or cluster; (3) The redshifts are such that the emission feature could be due to Narrow Line Region filaments of the QSO, if the DLA absorption covers a sufficiently small angular size to allow the filaments to be seen beyond the edge of the DLA cloud.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Modelling extreme climatic events and their economic impacts: a risk management application to China's rural sector
Creators: name: Chavez, Eric
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Many economic systems present high levels of vulnerability to weather variability and extreme weather events. On the other hand, the statistics of weather, including of its extreme events, are changing slowly in time. In fact, an increasing body of scientic evidence, derived from both observations and model simulations, indicates that the climate system never was nor is it likely to ever be statistically stationary. This research proposes, therefore, a methodological framework to characterize the cascading climate-toeconomy risk pro les of economic systems under weather variability, subject to di erent global warming scenarios. A weather-index and machine learning-based methodology is introduced to encode and characterize economic systems vulnerability to weather variability. This methodology, in turn, is enclosed in a weather-within-climate" stochastic downscaling approach, in order to quantify the interaction of low- and high-frequency climate variability and project risk pro les in future climate scenarios. Probabilistic, weatherdriven, physical-loss risk pro les are then used to model supply shock-driven economic losses, both direct and indirect, in a particular region or country. Given the acute vulnerability of its rural population to weather variability and global warming, this methodology is applied to the study of the risk pro le of weather-driven loss in the rural sector in a developing country, China. Climate-to-economy risk pro les are developed for weather-driven losses of several staple crops, subject to di erent technological and climate scenarios. Implications for the design of risk management policy mixes are then discussed. Finally, a three pillars"-based risk management strategy is proposed to create an enabling environment for continuous rural development and food security.
Long-time predictive modeling of nonlinear dynamical systems using neural networks
Creators: name: Pan, Shaowu
name: Duraisamy, Karthik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37M99

description: We study the use of feedforward neural networks (FNN) to develop models of nonlinear dynamical systems from data. Emphasis is placed on predictions at long times, with limited data availability. Inspired by global stability analysis, and the observation of the strong correlation between the local error and the maximum singular value of the Jacobian of the ANN, we introduce Jacobian regularization in the loss function. This regularization suppresses the sensitivity of the prediction to the local error and is shown to improve accuracy and robustness. Comparison between the proposed approach and sparse polynomial regression is presented in numerical examples ranging from simple ODE systems to nonlinear PDE systems including vortex shedding behind a cylinder, and instability-driven buoyant mixing flow. Furthermore, limitations of feedforward neural networks are highlighted, especially when the training data does not include a low dimensional attractor. Strategies of data augmentation are presented as remedies to address these issues to a certain extent.
description: 30 pages. Complexity, 2018
«Sie haben eine zentrale Bedeutung, jedoch ist es unklar in Bezug worauf»: Eine Untersuchung zu der Bedeutung von Führungskräften und Teams im Wiedereingliederungsprozess von Mitarbeitenden mit einer psychischen Erkrankung
Creators: name: Kramer, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Der Mehrheit der Schweizer Bevölkerung geht es gut. Sie hat mehr positive als negative Gedanken und ist, falls erwerbstätig, mit ihrer Arbeitsstelle und den Arbeitsbedingungen zufrieden bis sehr zufrieden. Trotzdem nehmen die Krankschreibungen aufgrund psychischer Diagnosen und die Ausgliederung jener Personen aus dem 1. Arbeitsmarkt zu. Um eine Ausgliederung zu verhindern, sind verschiedene Disziplinen bei der Wiedereingliederung aktiv. Unter dem Ziel der Wiedereingliederung nehmen besonders Führungskräfte und Teams für die Rückkehrenden eine zentrale Rolle ein. Doch wie sieht diese Rolle aus? Die Masterarbeit beantwortet die Fragen, welche Rolle Führungskräfte und Teammitglieder bei der Wiedereingliederung spielen, welche Anforderungen mit diesen Rollen verbunden sind und welche Faktoren zwischen den Führungskräften, den Teams und der zu integrierenden Person ab der Arbeitsunfähigkeit bis zum Wiedereinstieg eine Rolle spielen. Sie zeigt weiter auf, wie diese Faktoren bewusst gemacht und durch Führungskräfte oder externe Fachpersonen zielorientiert beeinflusst werden können. Die Masterarbeit stützt sich auf verschiedene Studien und Literaturquellen mit Bezug zu psychischen Thematiken und Arbeitsintegration, zudem auf anerkannte Quellen aus den Bereichen Führung und Organisationlehre. In einem ausführlichen Theorieteil werden die aktuellsten Erkenntnisse aufgeführt sowie nützliche Sichtweisen und Wiedereingliederungsmodelle vorgestellt und kritisch hinterfragt. Qualitative Expert*inneninterviews schliessen die Lücken aufgrund fehlender Literaturquellen. Gestützt auf Literaturquellen und Expert*inneninterviews weist die vorliegende Arbeit die hohe Bedeutung der Führungskräfte als Kommunikator*innen, der Teams als Unterstützer*innen und der Organisation als Rahmengeber*in bei der Wiedereingliederung nach. Sie weist dabei darauf hin, dass in der aktuellen Literatur und bei den Wiedereingliederungsmodellen den Teams eine untergeordnete Rolle zukommt, welche nicht den nachgewiesenen Stellenwert widerspiegelt. Die Masterarbeit prägt dabei den Begriff des Teams als informelle Vetomacht im Prozess der Wiedereingliederung. Die Teams müssen zwingend eingebunden werden, um eine faire Integration zu ermöglichen. Die Masterarbeit macht zudem auf die aktuelle Arbeitswelt 4.0 und den anstehenden Wandel aufmerksam. Sie wirft die Frage auf, wie eine Eingliederung in einen schnellen, komplexen und flexiblen Arbeitsmarkt gelingen kann und versucht diese mittels des systemischen Projektmanagements als erste Stossrichtung hin zu einem neuen Wiedereingliederungskonzept zu beantworten.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa mas ai + Fussnote: Master-Arbeit MAS Arbeitsintegration, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, 2020 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202202
Additional file 3: of Autozygosity islands and ROH patterns in Nellore lineages: evidence of selection for functionally important traits
Creators: name: Peripolli, Elisa
name: Metzger, Julia
name: Lemos, Marcos De
name: Nedenia Stafuzza
name: Kluska, Sabrina
name: Olivieri, Bianca
name: Fabieli Feitosa
name: Berton, Mariana
name: Lopes, Fernando
name: Danísio Munari
name: Raysildo Lôbo
name: Magnabosco, Cláudio De Ulhoa
name: Croce, Fernando Di
name: Osterstock, Jason
name: Denise, Sue
name: Pereira, Angélica
name: Baldi, Fernando
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Overlapping autozygosity islands within the Nellore lineages. (DOCX 28 kb)
Theoretical and algorithmic advances in multi-parametric optimization and control
Creators: name: Oberdieck, Richard Henrich
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis discusses recent advances in a variety of areas in multi-parametric programming and explicit model predictive control (MPC). First, novel theoretical and algorithmic results for multi-parametric quadratic and mixed-integer quadratic programming (mp-QP/mp- MIQP) problems extend the current state-of-the-art: for mp-QP problems, it is shown that its solution is given by a connected graph, based on which a novel solution procedure is developed. Furthermore, several computational studies investigate the performance of different mp-QP algorithms, and a new parallelization strategy is presented, together with an application of mp-QP algorithms to multi-objective optimization. For mp-MIQP problems, it is shown that it is possible to obtain the exact solution of a mp-MIQP problem without resorting to the use of envelopes of solutions, whose computational performance is compared in a computational study with different mp-MIQP algorithms. Then, the concept of robust counterparts in robust explicit MPC for discrete-time linear systems is revisited and an elegant reformulation enables the solution of closed-loop robust explicit MPC problems with a series of projection operations. This approach is extended to hybrid systems, where the same properties are proven to hold. Finally, a new approach towards unbounded and binary parameters in multi-parametric programming is introduced, and several examples highlight its potential.
The AI Assessment Scale (AIAS) in action: A pilot implementation of GenAI supported assessment- A Preprint
Creators: name: Furze, Leon
name: Perkins, Mike
name: Roe, Jasper
name: MacVaugh, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapid adoption of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) technologies in higher education has raised concerns about academic integrity, assessment practices, and student learning. Banning or blocking GenAI tools has proven ineffective, and punitive approaches ignore the potential benefits of these technologies. This paper presents the findings of a pilot study conducted at British University Vietnam (BUV) exploring the implementation of the Artificial Intelligence Assessment Scale (AIAS), a flexible framework for incorporating GenAI into educational assessments. The AIAS consists of five levels, ranging from 'No AI' to 'Full AI', enabling educators to design assessments that focus on areas requiring human input and critical thinking.
 Following the implementation of the AIAS, the pilot study results indicate a significant reduction in academic misconduct cases related to GenAI, a 5.9% increase in student attainment across the university, and a 33.3% increase in module passing rates. The AIAS facilitated a shift in pedagogical practices, with faculty members incorporating GenAI tools into their modules and students producing innovative multimodal submissions. The findings suggest that the AIAS can support the effective integration of GenAI in HE, promoting academic integrity while leveraging the technology's potential to enhance learning experiences.
 Refer to published version for final text.
Anas canadensis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas canadensis

description: Anas canadensis [spec. nov.]
A. fusca, capite colloque nigro, gula alba.
Anser canadensis. Will. ornith. 276. t. 70. f. 1. & t. 71. f. 3. Raj. av. 139. t. 10. Catesb. car. 1. p. 92. t. 92. Edw. av. 151. t. 151.
Habitat in Canada.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 123, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Overview of the Centrifugal Visual System in Mammalian Species
Creators: name: Vereczki, Viktória
name: Csáki, Ágnes
name: Köves, Katalin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mammals
adult and prepubertal rat
hamster
retina
retinopetal fibers

description: It is well established that there is a bidirectional neuronal connection between the retina and the central nervous system. The retinofugal connection is composed of the classical visual system and the retinohypothalamic tract. The retinopetal connections are composed of several subsystems. These pathways, coming from different structures of the central nervous system, are called together: centrifugal visual system. The structures, where the centrifugal visual system originates from, are located in the forebrain and brainstem. The centrifugal visual fibers through the optic nerve enter the optic nerve layer of the retina. Some fibers terminate on the ganglion cells. Others via the inner plexiform layer reach the inner nuclear layer and terminate on the amacrine and displaced ganglion cells. Several neuropeptides and neurotransmitters were recognized in the cells of origin of the centrifugal visual system. The function of the subsystems is very different. It strongly depends on the structure where the fibers come from.