cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectral properties of MXB 1658-298 in the low/hard and high/soft state
Creators: name: Sharma, Rahul
name: Jaleel, Abdul
name: Jain, Chetana
name: Pandey, Jeewan C.
name: Paul, Biswajit
name: Dutta, Anjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from a broadband spectral analysis of the low mass X-ray binary MXB 1658-298 with the Swift/XRT and NuSTAR observations made during its 2015-2017 outburst. The source showed different spectral states and accretion rates during this outburst. The source was in low/hard state during 2015; and it was in high/soft state during the 2016 NuSTAR observations. This is the first time that a comparison of the soft and hard spectral states during an outburst is being reported in MXB 1658-298. Compared with the observation of 2015, the X-ray luminosity was about four times higher during 2016. The hard state spectrum can be well described with models consisting of a single-temperature blackbody component along with Comptonized disc emission, or three component model comprising of multi-colour disc, single-temperature blackbody and thermal Comptonization components. The soft state spectrum can be described with blackbody or disc blackbody and Comptonization component, where the neutron star surface (or boundary layer) is the dominant source for the Comptonization seed photons. We have also found a link between the spectral state of the source and the Fe K absorber. The absorption features due to highly ionized Fe were observed only in the soft state. This suggests a probable connection between accretion disc wind (or atmosphere) and spectral state (or accretion state) of MXB 1658-298.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1: of Delay in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment in Amhara state, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Melashu Shiferaw
name: Amtatachew Zegeye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Interview guide questionnaire. (DOCX 18 kb)
Additional file 7: of Phylogenetic mapping of scale nanostructure diversity in snakes
Creators: name: Arrigo, Marcelle
name: Vilaca, Luis Oliveira
name: Fofonjka, Anamarija
name: Achyuthan Srikanthan
name: Debry, Adrien
name: Milinkovitch, Michel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S3. Comparison between two types of digitations. Digits with (a) sharp tips in Boaedon fuliginosus (a representative species of Caenophidia) and (b) round tips in Morelia spilota spilota (a representative of Pythonidae). Scale bars: 5â Îźm. (PDF 8187 kb)
Volumetric dose extension for isodose tuning
Creators: name: Ma, Lin
name: Chen, Mingli
name: Gu, Xuejun
name: Lu, Weiguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: To develop a model to generate volumetric dose distribution from two isodose surfaces (iso-surfaces), and to interactively tune dose distribution by iso-surface dragging. Methods: We model volumetric dose distribution as analytical extension of two iso-surfaces with the extension variables as distances to iso-surfaces. We built a 3D lookup table (LUT) which are generated based on clinical dose distributions. Two LUT tables store the mean and standard deviation of voxel dose values of clinical doses and binned as distance to 100% iso-surface, reference iso-surface and reference dose level. The process of interactive tuning starts from a given base plan. A user drags iso-surface for a desired carving. Our method responds with tuned dose. The derivation of tuned dose follows two steps. Dose is extended from the two user-desired iso-surfaces (eg.100% and 50%) to the whole patient volume by table lookup, using distances to two iso-surfaces and reference dose level as keys. Then we fine tune the extended dose by a correction strategy utilizing the information of base plan. Results: We validated this method on coplanar VMAT doses of post-operative prostate plans. The LUT was populated by dose distributions of 27 clinical plans. We optimized two plans with different rectum sparing for an independent case to mimic the process of dose tuning. The plan with less rectum sparing is set as base plan. The 50% iso-surface of the more-sparing plan is defined as the desired iso-surface input. The dose output by our method (expansion and correction) agrees with the more-sparing plan obtained by optimization, in terms of gamma (97.2%), DVH and profiles. The overall dose reconstruction time is within two seconds. Conclusion: We developed a distance-to-isosurface based volumetric dose reconstruction method, and applied it to interactive tuning with iso-surface dragging.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
Eumerus montanum Grkovic, Radenkovic et Vujic 2017
Creators: name: Mutin, V. A.
name: Barkalov, A. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Eumerus
Eumerus montanum

description: Eumerus montanum Grković, Radenković et Vujić, 2017
Figs 1–3, 10–13
description: Published as part of Mutin, V. A. & Barkalov, A. V., 2018, New data on the hover-flies of the genus Eumerus (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Russia, pp. 11-20 in Far Eastern Entomologist 363 on page 12, DOI: 10.25221/fee.363.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7164190
Ordinal measures of the set of finite multisets
Creators: name: Vialard, Isa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.3.0
subject: O3, 05

description: Well-partial orders, and the ordinal invariants used to measure them, are relevant in set theory, program verification, proof theory and many other areas of computer science and mathematics. In this article we focus on one of the most common data structure in programming, the finite multiset of some wpo. There are two natural orders one can define on the set of finite multisets $M(X)$ of a partial order $X$: the multiset embedding and the multiset ordering, for which $M(X)$ remains a wpo when $X$ is. Though the maximal order type of these orders is already known, the other ordinal invariants remain mostly unknown. Our main contributions are expressions to compute compositionally the width of the multiset embedding and the height of the multiset ordering. Furthermore, we provide a new ordinal invariant useful for characterizing the width of the multiset ordering.
Additional file 8: of Phylogenetic mapping of scale nanostructure diversity in snakes
Creators: name: Arrigo, Marcelle
name: Vilaca, Luis Oliveira
name: Fofonjka, Anamarija
name: Achyuthan Srikanthan
name: Debry, Adrien
name: Milinkovitch, Michel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S4. Stochastic mapping of the Cell Surface character on the full species tree. Red, ‘smooth’; green, ‘holes’; blue, ‘straight channels’; yellow, ‘labyrinthine channels’. Asterisks indicate species categorised as ‘smooth’ although they possess very small depressions that do not pass the algorithm’s requirements to be classified as ‘holes’. Higher-level taxa are indicated with different colours on the corresponding branches. (PDF 2359 kb)
Irrotational and Incompressible Ellipsoids in the First Post-Newtonian Approximation of General Relativity
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Keisuke
name: Asada, Hideki
name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First post-Newtonian (1PN) hydrostatic equations for an irrotational fluid which have been recently derived are solved for an incompressible star. The 1PN configurations are expressed as a deformation of the Newtonian irrotational Riemann ellipsoid using Lagrangian displacement vectors introduced by Chandrasekhar. For the 1PN solutions, we also calculate the luminosity of gravitational waves in the 1PN approximation using the Blanchet-Damour formalism. It is found that the solutions of the 1PN equations exhibit singularities at points where the axial ratios of semi-axes are 1:0.5244:0.6579 and 1:0.2374:0.2963, and the singularities seem to show that at the points, the irrotational Riemann ellipsoid is unstable to the deformation induced by the effect of general relativity. For stable cases (a_2/a_1 > 0.5244, where a_1 and a_2 are the semi-major and minor axes, respectively) we find that when increasing the 1PN correction, the angular velocity and total angular momentum increase, while the total energy and luminosity of gravitational waves decrease. These 1PN solutions will be useful when examining the accuracy of numerical code for obtaining relativistic irrotational stars. We also investigate the validity of an ellipsoidal approximation, in which a 1PN solution is obtained assuming an ellipsoidal figure and neglecting the deformation. It is found that for $a_2/a_1 > 0.7$, the ellipsoidal approximation gives a fairly accurate result for the energy, angular momentum, and angular velocity, although in the approximation we cannot find the singularities.
description: 33 pages with 3 figures, ptptex, corrected some typos, tables and figures
Analysing Lyapunov spectra of chaotic dynamical systems
Creators: name: Diakonos, Fotis
name: Pingel, Detlef
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the asymptotic spectra of finite-time Lyapunov exponents of a variety of fully chaotic dynamical systems can be understood in terms of a statistical analysis. Using random matrix theory we derive numerical and in particular analytical results which provide insights into the overall behaviour of the Lyapunov exponents particularly for strange attractors. The corresponding distributions for the unstable periodic orbits are investigated for comparison.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Noninteracting dark matter
Creators: name: Peebles, P. J. E.
name: Vilenkin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since an acceptable dark matter candidate may interact only weakly with ordinary matter and radiation, it is of interest to consider the limiting case where the dark matter interacts only with gravity and itself, the matter originating by the gravitational particle production at the end of inflation. We use the bounds on the present dark mass density and the measured large-scale fluctuations in the thermal cosmic background radiation to constrain the two parameters in a self-interaction potential that is a sum of quadratic and quartic terms in a single scalar dark matter field that is minimally coupled to gravity. In quintessential inflation, where the temperature at the end of inflation is relatively low, the field starts acting like cold dark matter relatively late, shortly before the epoch of equal mass densities in matter and radiation. This could have observable consequences for galaxy formation. We respond to recent criticisms of the quintessential inflation scenario, since these issues also apply to elements of the noninteracting dark matter picture.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 5: of Phylogenetic mapping of scale nanostructure diversity in snakes
Creators: name: Arrigo, Marcelle
name: Vilaca, Luis Oliveira
name: Fofonjka, Anamarija
name: Achyuthan Srikanthan
name: Debry, Adrien
name: Milinkovitch, Michel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S1. Stochastic mapping of the Cell Shape character on the full species tree. Green, ‘wide’; red, ‘polygonal’. Higher-level taxa are indicated with different colours on the corresponding branches. (PDF 1749 kb)
Distance-based vertex identification in graphs: the outer multiset dimension
Creators: name: Gil-Pons, Reynaldo
name: Ramírez-Cruz, Yunior
name: Trujillo-Rasua, Rolando
name: Yero, Ismael G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a graph $G$ and a subset of vertices $S = \{w_1, \ldots, w_t\} \subseteq V(G)$, the multiset representation of a vertex $u\in V(G)$ with respect to $S$ is the multiset $m(u|S) = \{| d_G(u, w_1), \ldots, d_G(u, w_t) |\}$. A subset of vertices $S$ such that $m(u|S) = m(v|S) \iff u = v$ for every $u, v \in V(G) \setminus S$ is said to be a multiset resolving set, and the cardinality of the smallest such set is the outer multiset dimension. We study the general behaviour of the outer multiset dimension, and determine its exact value for several graph families. We also show that computing the outer multiset dimension of arbitrary graphs is NP-hard, and provide methods for efficiently handling particular cases.
Estimation-of-Distribution Algorithms for Multi-Valued Decision Variables
Creators: name: Jedidia, Firas Ben
name: Doerr, Benjamin
name: Krejca, Martin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The majority of research on estimation-of-distribution algorithms (EDAs) concentrates on pseudo-Boolean optimization and permutation problems, leaving the domain of EDAs for problems in which the decision variables can take more than two values, but which are not permutation problems, mostly unexplored. To render this domain more accessible, we propose a natural way to extend the known univariate EDAs to this setting. Different from a naive reduction to the binary case, our approach avoids additional constraints.
 Since understanding genetic drift is crucial for an optimal parameter choice, we extend the known quantitative analysis of genetic drift to EDAs for multi-valued variables. Roughly speaking, when the variables take $r$ different values, the time for genetic drift to become significant is $r$ times shorter than in the binary case. Consequently, the update strength of the probabilistic model has to be chosen $r$ times lower now.
 To investigate how desired model updates take place in this framework, we undertake a mathematical runtime analysis on the $r$-valued \leadingones problem. We prove that with the right parameters, the multi-valued UMDA solves this problem efficiently in $O(r\ln(r)^2 n^2 \ln(n))$ function evaluations. This bound is nearly tight as our lower bound $Ω(r\ln(r) n^2 \ln(n))$ shows.
 Overall, our work shows that our good understanding of binary EDAs naturally extends to the multi-valued setting, and it gives advice on how to set the main parameters of multi-values EDAs.
Supplemental materials for the detailed calculation and analysis from The nature of small molecules adsorbed on defective carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Li, Danhui
name: Wang, Fengting
name: Zhang, Zhiyuan
name: Jiang, Wanrun
name: Zhu, Yu
name: Wang, Zhigang
name: Zhang, Rui-Qin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019

description: The coordinate system for chemical adsorption of “a” and “d”defects.The comparisons of the binding energies △E(meV) and the charge transfer Q(e) of NH3 adsorbed on the “a” and“d” types of defective CNTs for the CA cases calculated with DFTB and DFT.
Nonperturbative renormalization for the neural network-QFT correspondence
Creators: name: Erbin, Harold
name: Lahoche, Vincent
name: Samary, Dine Ousmane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a recent work arXiv:2008.08601, Halverson, Maiti and Stoner proposed a description of neural networks in terms of a Wilsonian effective field theory. The infinite-width limit is mapped to a free field theory, while finite $N$ corrections are taken into account by interactions (non-Gaussian terms in the action). In this paper, we study two related aspects of this correspondence. First, we comment on the concepts of locality and power-counting in this context. Indeed, these usual space-time notions may not hold for neural networks (since inputs can be arbitrary), however, the renormalization group provides natural notions of locality and scaling. Moreover, we comment on several subtleties, for example, that data components may not have a permutation symmetry: in that case, we argue that random tensor field theories could provide a natural generalization. Second, we improve the perturbative Wilsonian renormalization from arXiv:2008.08601 by providing an analysis in terms of the nonperturbative renormalization group using the Wetterich-Morris equation. An important difference with usual nonperturbative RG analysis is that only the effective (IR) 2-point function is known, which requires setting the problem with care. Our aim is to provide a useful formalism to investigate neural networks behavior beyond the large-width limit (i.e.~far from Gaussian limit) in a nonperturbative fashion. A major result of our analysis is that changing the standard deviation of the neural network weight distribution can be interpreted as a renormalization flow in the space of networks. We focus on translations invariant kernels and provide preliminary numerical results.
description: 63 pages, 13 figures (published version)
Additional file 6: of Phylogenetic mapping of scale nanostructure diversity in snakes
Creators: name: Arrigo, Marcelle
name: Vilaca, Luis Oliveira
name: Fofonjka, Anamarija
name: Achyuthan Srikanthan
name: Debry, Adrien
name: Milinkovitch, Michel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S2. Stochastic mapping of the Cell Border character on the full species tree. Red, ‘regular’; light green, ‘short digits’; mild green, ‘mild digits’; dark green, ‘long digits’; blue, ‘sawteeth’. Higher-level taxa are indicated with different colours on the corresponding branches. (PDF 2299 kb)
Eumerus roborovskii Stackelberg 1952
Creators: name: Mutin, V. A.
name: Barkalov, A. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Eumerus
Eumerus roborovskii

description: Eumerus roborovskii Stackelberg, 1952
Figs 6–9, 14–18
description: Published as part of Mutin, V. A. & Barkalov, A. V., 2018, New data on the hover-flies of the genus Eumerus (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Russia, pp. 11-20 in Far Eastern Entomologist 363 on page 15, DOI: 10.25221/fee.363.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7164190
Free modified Rota-Baxter algebras and Hopf algebras
Creators: name: Zhang, Xigou
name: Gao, Xing
name: Guo, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T99, 16W99, 16S10

description: The notion of a modified Rota-Baxter algebra comes from the combination of those of a Rota-Baxter algebra and a modified Yang-Baxter equation. In this paper, we first construct free modified Rota-Baxter algebras. We then equip a free modified Rota-Baxter algebra with a bialgebra structure by a cocycle construction. Under the assumption that the generating algebra is a connected bialgebra, we further equip the free modified Rota-Baxter algebra with a Hopf algebra structure.
description: 18 pages
Quantum Mechanics From Principle of Least Observability
Creators: name: Yang, Jianhao M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the basic non-relativistic quantum formulations can be derived from a least observability principle. The principle extends the least action principle from classical mechanics by factoring in two assumptions. First, the Planck constant defines the discrete amount of action a physical object needs to exhibit during its dynamics in order to be observable. Second, there is constant vacuum fluctuation along a classical trajectory. A novel method is introduced to define the information metrics that measures additional observable information due to vacuum fluctuations, which is then converted to the additional action through the first assumption. Applying the variation principle to minimize the total actions allows us to elegantly recover the basic quantum formulations including the uncertainty relation and the Schrödinger equation in both position and momentum representations. Adding the no preferred representation assumption, we obtain the transformation formulation between position and momentum representations. The extended least action principle shows clearly how classical mechanics becomes quantum mechanics. Furthermore, it is a mathematical tool that can bring in new results. By defining the information metrics for vacuum fluctuations using more general definitions of relative entropy, we obtain a generalized Schrödinger equation that depends on the order of relative entropy. The principle can be applied to derive more advance quantum formalism such as quantum scalar field theory.
description: 16 pages. Closely match the version that is to appear in Foundations of Physics
Revisiting the Theory of Finite Size Scaling in Disordered Systems: νCan Be Less Than 2/d
Creators: name: Pazmandi, Ferenc
name: Scalettar, Richard T.
name: Zimanyi, Gergely T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For phase transitions in disordered systems, an exact theorem provides a bound on the finite size correlation length exponent: ν_{FS}<= 2/d. It is believed that the true critical exponent νof a disorder induced phase transition satisfies the same bound. We argue that in disordered systems the standard averaging introduces a noise, and a corresponding new diverging length scale, characterized by ν_{FS}=2/d. This length scale, however, is independent of the system's own correlation length ξ. Therefore νcan be less than 2/d. We illustrate these ideas on two exact examples, with ν< 2/d. We propose a new method of disorder averaging, which achieves a remarkable noise reduction, and thus is able to capture the true exponents.
description: 4 pages, Latex, one figure in .eps format
Additional file 4: of Phylogenetic mapping of scale nanostructure diversity in snakes
Creators: name: Arrigo, Marcelle
name: Vilaca, Luis Oliveira
name: Fofonjka, Anamarija
name: Achyuthan Srikanthan
name: Debry, Adrien
name: Milinkovitch, Michel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S2. Macroevolutionary model fitting for each character. The ‘Model’ column indicates the type of Mk model. The ‘Transformation’ and ‘Estimator’ columns indicate which of the Pagel’s tree transformation coefficient is applied and its optimised value, respectively. The last three columns represent the estimated natural log-likelihood (lnL), the sample-size corrected Akaike coefficient (AICc), and the Akaike weights (AICw), respectively. Red rows indicate the best model for each character. (PDF 486 kb)
Pseudotensors and quasilocal energy-momentum
Creators: name: Chang, C. C.
name: Nester, J. M.
name: Chen, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early energy-momentum investigations for gravitating systems gave reference frame dependent pseudotensors; later the quasilocal idea was developed. Quasilocal energy-momentum can be determined by the Hamiltonian boundary term, which also identifies the variables to be held fixed on the boundary. We show that a pseudotensor corresponds to a Hamiltonian boundary term. Hence they are quasilocal and acceptable; each is the energy-momentum density for a definite physical situation with certain boundary conditions. These conditions are identified for well-known pseudotensors.
description: LaTeX (REVTex), 4 pages, no figures, revised Title, abstract, introduction and conclusion
Phonon spectrum of Pr$_2$Zr$_2$O$_7$ and Pr$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$ as an evidence of coupling of the lattice with electronic and magnetic degrees of freedom
Creators: name: Xu, Yuanyuan
name: Man, Huiyuan
name: Tang, Nan
name: Ohtsuki, Takumi
name: Baidya, Santu
name: Nakatsuji, Satoru
name: Vanderbilt, David
name: Drichko, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic materials with pyrochlore crystal structure form exotic magnetic states due to the high lattice frustration. In this work we follow the effects of coupling of the lattice and electronic and magnetic degrees of freedom in two Praseodymium-based pyrochlores Pr$_2$Zr$_2$O$_7$ and Pr$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$. In both materials the presence of magnetic interactions does not lead to magnetically ordered low temperature states, however their electronic properties are different. A comparison of Raman phonon spectra of Pr$_2$Zr$_2$O$_7$ and Pr$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$ allows us to identify magneto-elastic coupling in Pr$_2$Zr$_2$O$_7$ that elucidates its magnetic properties at intermediate temperatures, and allows us to characterize phonon-electron coupling in the semimetallic Pr$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$. We also show that the effects of random disorder on the Raman phonon spectra is small.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Eumerus turcmenorum Paramonov 1927
Creators: name: Mutin, V. A.
name: Barkalov, A. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Eumerus
Eumerus turcmenorum

description: Eumerus turcmenorum Paramonov, 1927
Figs 4–5, 22
description: Published as part of Mutin, V. A. & Barkalov, A. V., 2018, New data on the hover-flies of the genus Eumerus (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Russia, pp. 11-20 in Far Eastern Entomologist 363 on page 18, DOI: 10.25221/fee.363.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7164190
title: Änderung der Organisationsstrukturen der TU Braunschweig, Fakultät 3: Umbenennung des „Instituts für Statik" in „Institut für Statik und Dynamik"
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 3
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organisationsplan
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1360
A space of cyclohedra
Creators: name: Devadoss, Satyan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 14P25, Secondary 05B45, 52B11

description: The real points of the Deligne-Knudsen-Mumford moduli space of marked points on the sphere has a natural tiling by associahedra. We extend this idea to create a moduli space tiled by cyclohedra. We explore the structure of this space, coming from blow-ups of hyperplane arrangements, as well as discuss possibilities of its role in knot theory and mathematical physics.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures, LaTex2e
title: Neufassung der Finanzordnung der Studierendenschaft der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Studierendenschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1361
Averaging Einstein's Equations: The Linearized Case
Creators: name: Stoeger, William R.
name: Helmi, Amina
name: Torres, Diego F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simple and straight-forward averaging procedure, which is a generalization of one which is commonly used in electrodynamics, and show that it possesses all the characteristics we require for linearized averaging in general relativity and cosmology -- for weak-field and perturbed FLRW situations. In particular we demonstrate that it yields quantities which are approximately tensorial in these situations, and that its application to an exact FLRW metric yields another FLRW metric, to first-order in integrals over the local coordinates. Finally, we indicate some important limits of any linearized averaging procedure with respect to cosmological perturbations which are the result of averages over large amplitude small and intermediate scale inhomogeneities, and show our averaging procedure can be approximately implemented by that of Zotov and Stoeger in these cases.
description: 17 pages, prl revtex style
Two-dimensional electron gas in a uniform magnetic field in the presence of a delta-impurity
Creators: name: Cavalcanti, R. M.
name: de Carvalho, C. A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density of states and the Hall conductivity of a two-dimensional electron gas in a uniform magnetic field and in the presence of a delta impurity are exactly calculated using elementary field theoretic techniques. Although these results are not new, our treatment is explicitly gauge-invariant, and can be easily adapted to other problems involving a delta potential.
description: 12+1 pages, 1 ps figure, REVTEX. Corrigendum added
Stenochora lancinalis
Creators: name: Mbata, Keith J.
name: Prins, Jurate De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Stenochora
Stenochora lancinalis

description: Stenochora lancinalis (Guenée, 1854)
COMMON NAME(S): Lanced Pearl.
SYNONYM(S): Botys expeditalis Lederer, 1863; Ischnurges paulianalis Marion, 1954; Ischnurges aldabrensis Viette, 1958; Ischnurges comorensis Viette, 1958.
IUCN STATUS: Not Evaluated ((NE).
DISTRIBUTION: Botswana, Comoros, Democratic Republic of Congo, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia. Réunion, Seychelles, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
LOCALITY IN ZAMBIA: Kafue and Lusaka, in Lusaka Province.
LARVAL HOSTPLANT(S): Host plants for the taxon include one Verbenaceae species (Volkameria glabra (E.Mey.) Mabb. & Y.W.Yuan) in South Africa. No host plants or larval foodplants have been reported for Zambia.
SOURCES: African Moths 2019; De Prins & De Prins 2022; Ghesquière 1942; Hampson 1910c.
Genus Uresiphita H̡bner, 1825
description: Published as part of Mbata, Keith J. & Prins, Jurate De, 2023, Annotated checklist of moths of Zambia (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 1-503 in Zootaxa 5354 (1) on page 97, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5354.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10130434
Quantum Scalar Field on the Massless (2+1)-Dimensional Black Hole Background
Creators: name: Binosi, D.
name: Moretti, V.
name: Vanzo, L.
name: Zerbini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of a quantum scalar field is studied in the metric ground state of the (2+1)-dimensional black hole of Bañados, Teitelboim and Zanelli which contains a naked singularity. The one-loop BTZ partition function and the associate black hole effective entropy, the expectation value of the quantum fluctuation as well as the renormalized expectation value of the stress tensor are explicitly computed in the framework of the $ζ$-function procedure. This is done for all values of the coupling with the curvature, the mass of the field and the temperature of the quantum state. In the massless conformally coupled case, the found stress tensor is used for determining the quantum back reaction on the metric due to the scalar field in the quantum vacuum state, by solving the semiclassical Einstein equations. It is finally argued that, within the framework of the 1/N expansion, the Cosmic Censorship Hypothesis is implemented since the naked singularity of the ground state metric is shielded by an event horizon created by the back reaction.
description: 18 pages, RevTeX, no figures, minor changes, final version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 2: of Progenitor cell mobilisation and recruitment in pulmonary arteries in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Tura-Ceide, Olga
name: Pizarro, Sandra
name: Jéssica García-Lucio
name: Ramírez, Josep
name: Molins, Laureano
name: Blanco, Isabel
name: Torralba, Yolanda
name: Sitges, Marta
name: Bonjoch, Cristina
name: Peinado, Victor
name: Barberà, Joan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Table S1. Clinical characteristics, lung function, endothelial function, PCs numbers and morphometric measurements. (DOCX 16 kb)
Towards a unified picture of polarization transfer -- pulsed DNP and chemically equivalent PHIP
Creators: name: Korzeczek, Martin C.
name: Dagys, Laurynas
name: Müller, Christoph
name: Tratzmiller, Benedikt
name: Salhov, Alon
name: Eichhorn, Tim
name: Scheuer, Jochen
name: Knecht, Stephan
name: Plenio, Martin B.
name: Schwartz, Ilai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear spin hyperpolarization techniques, such as dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP), have revolutionized nuclear magnetic resonance and magnetic resonance imaging. In these methods, a readily available source of high spin order, either electron spins in DNP or singlet states in hydrogen for PHIP, is brought into close proximity with nuclear spin targets, enabling efficient transfer of spin order under external quantum control. Despite vast disparities in energy scales and interaction mechanisms between electron spins in DNP and nuclear singlet states in PHIP, a pseudo-spin formalism allows us to establish an intriguing equivalence. As a result, the important low-field polarization transfer regime of PHIP can be mapped onto an analogous system equivalent to pulsed-DNP. This establishes a correspondence between key polarization transfer sequences in PHIP and DNP, facilitating the transfer of sequence development concepts. This promises fresh insights and significant cross-pollination between DNP and PHIP polarization sequence developers.
description: 11+5 pages, 5 figures
Predictability of the energy cascade in 2D turbulence
Creators: name: Boffetta, G.
name: Musacchio, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The predictability problem in the inverse energy cascade of two-dimensional turbulence is addressed by means of direct numerical simulations. The growth rate as a function of the error level is determined by means of a finite size extension of the Lyapunov exponent. For error within the inertial range, the linear growth of the error energy, predicted by dimensional argument, is verified with great accuracy. Our numerical findings are in close agreement with the result of TFM closure approximation.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Increased levels of the cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers GDF15 and myostatin in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Creators: name: Larsson, Karin
name: Höglund, Martin
name: Larsson, Anders
name: Thulin, Måns
name: Karlsson, Torbjörn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Individuals suffering from cancer, including hematological malignancies, are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Elevated levels of several biomarkers in blood are associated with an increased risk of CVD. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a subset of such CVD risk biomarkers was elevated in patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Blood plasma and serum from 139 CLL patients and 71 healthy age-matched controls were analyzed for 11 proposed CVD risk biomarkers. The CLL cohort displayed a more heterogeneous pattern of biomarker expression compared to controls. The majority, eight out of 11, analyzed CVD risk biomarkers differed significantly in concentrations between CLL patients and controls. Increased levels of the biomarkers GDF15 and myostatin have not previously been reported in CLL. Further prospective studies are warranted to investigate whether these biomarkers predict future cardiovascular events in patients with CLL.
Evidence for Optically Thick, Eddington-limited Winds Driven by Supercritical Accretion
Creators: name: Zhou, Yu
name: Feng, Hua
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Yao, Yuhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supercritical accretion onto compact objects powers a massive wind that is optically thick and Eddington-limited. If most of the hard X-rays from the central disk are obscured by the wind, the source will display a blackbody-like spectrum with a luminosity scaled with the mass of the compact object. From the Chandra archive of nearby galaxies, we selected a sample of luminous and very soft sources and excluded contaminations from foreground objects and supernova remnants. They are found to be preferentially associated with late-type galaxies. The majority of sources in our sample are either too hot or too luminous to be explained by nuclear burning on the surface of white dwarfs, and are argued to be powered by accretion. The most likely explanation is that they are due to emission from the photosphere of a wind driven by supercritical accretion onto compact objects. Their blackbody luminosity ranges from ~10^37 to nearly 10^40 erg/s, indicative of the presence of both neutron stars and stellar-mass black holes. The blackbody luminosity also shows a possible bimodal distribution, albeit at low significance, peaked around the Eddington limit for neutron stars and stellar-mass black holes, respectively. If this can be confirmed, it will be smoking gun evidence that supercritical accretion powers thick winds. Based on a wind model, the inferred mass accretion rate of these objects is around a few hundred times the Eddington rate, suggesting that they may be intermediate between the canonical ultraluminous X-ray sources and SS 433 in terms of the accretion rate.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Explosive cooperation in social dilemmas on higher-order networks
Creators: name: Civilini, Andrea
name: Sadekar, Onkar
name: Battiston, Federico
name: Gómez-Gardeñes, Jesús
name: Latora, Vito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Understanding how cooperative behaviours can emerge from competitive interactions is an open problem in biology and social sciences. While interactions are usually modelled as pairwise networks, the units of many real-world systems can also interact in groups of three or more. Here, we introduce a general framework to extend pairwise games to higher-order networks. By studying social dilemmas on hypergraphs with a tunable structure, we find an explosive transition to cooperation triggered by a critical number of higher-order games. The associated bistable regime implies that an initial critical mass of cooperators is also required for the emergence of prosocial behavior. Our results show that higher-order interactions provide a novel explanation for the survival of cooperation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures in the manuscript. 6 pages, 4 figures in the supplemental material
Akin, O., Coleman, N. S., Fons-Rosen, C., & Peydró, J.-L. (2020). Political connections and informed trading: Evidence from TARP. Financial Management. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1111/fima.12292
Creators: name: Peydró, José-Luis
name: Akin, Özlem
name: Coleman, Nicholas S.
name: Fons-Rosen, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 140210 International Economics and International Finance
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study insider trading behavior surrounding the largest bank bailout in history: Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP). In politically connected banks, insider buying during the pre-TARP period is associated with increases in abnormal returns around bank-specific TARP announcement; for unconnected banks, trading and returns are uncorrelated. Results hold across insiders within the same bank and are stronger for finance-related government connections. Through a Freedom of Information Act request, we obtained the previously undisclosed TARP funds requested; the ratio of received to requested funds correlates both with abnormal returns and insider buying behavior in connected banks.
Dual cross-linked chitosan microspheres formulated with spray-drying technique for the sustained release of levofloxacin
Creators: name: Zhou, Jing
name: Chen, Yuanyuan
name: Luo, Mengmeng
name: Deng, Fen
name: Lin, Sen
name: Wu, Wencan
name: Li, Guqiang
name: Nan, Kaihui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Objective: This study was aimed to develop sustained drug release from levofloxacin (LF)-loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres for treating ophthalmic infections. Significance: Dual cross-linked CS microspheres developed by the spray-drying technique displays significantly higher level of sustained drug release compared with non-cross-linked CS microspheres. Methods: LF-loaded CS microspheres were prepared using the spray-drying technique, and then solidified with tripolyphosphate and glutaraldehyde as dual cross-linking agents. The microspheres were characterized by surface morphology, size distribution, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and drug release profiles in vitro. The drug quantification was verified and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structural interactions of the CS with LF were studied with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The effect of various influencing excipients in the formulation of the dual cross-linked CS microspheres on drug encapsulation efficiency and the drug release profiles were extensively investigated. Result: The microspheres demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency (72.4 ∼ 98.55%) and were uniformly spherical with wrinkled surface. The mean particle size was between 1020.7 ± 101.9 and 2381.2 ± 101.6 nm. All microspheres were positively charged (zeta potential ranged from 31.1 ± 1.32 to 42.81 ± 1.55 mV). The in vitro release profiles showed a sustained release of the drug and it was remarkably influenced by the cross-linking process. Conclusion: This novel spray-drying technique we have developed is suitable for manufacturing LF-loaded CS microspheres, and thus could serve as a potential platform for sustained drug release for effective therapeutic application in ocular infections.
title: (4 + 3)-Cycloaddition of Donor-Acceptor Cyclopropanes with Thiochalcones: A Diastereoselective Access to Tetrahydrothiepines
Creators: name: Augustin, André U
name: Merz, J Luca
name: Jones, Peter G
name: Mlostoń, Grzegorz
name: Werz, Daniel B
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 547

description: A general approach is described for the formation of tetrahydrothiepines using donor-acceptor cyclopropanes. Thiochalcones, functioning as sulfur-containing four-atom building blocks, were reacted in a Lewis acid catalyzed formal (4 + 3)-cycloaddition reaction with donor-acceptor cyclopropanes as three-atom building blocks. Under mild conditions various tetrahydrothiepines were synthesized in good yields in a stereospecific reaction with high functional group tolerance.
Variational worn stones
Creators: name: Crasta, Graziano
name: Fragalà, Ilaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A20, 52A40, 35N25, 53C44

description: We introduce an evolution model à la Firey for a convex stone which tumbles on a beach and undertakes an erosion process depending on some variational energy, such as torsional rigidity, principal Dirichlet Laplacian eigenvalue, or Newtonian capacity. Relying on the assumption of existence of a solution to the corresponding parabolic flow, we prove that the stone tends to become asymptotically spherical. Indeed, we identify an ultimate shape of these flows with a smooth convex body whose ground state satisfies an additional boundary condition, and we prove symmetry results for the corresponding overdetermined elliptic problems. Moreover, we extend the analysis to arbitrary convex bodies: we introduce new notions of cone variational measures and we prove that, if such a measure is absolutely continuous with constant density, the underlying body is a ball.
description: 25 pages
title: Ring-Opening 1,3-Halochalcogenation of Cyclopropane Dicarboxylates
Creators: name: Wallbaum, Jan
name: Garve, Lennart K B
name: Jones, Peter G
name: Werz, Daniel B
Publisher: name: ACS Publications
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 547

description: Donor-acceptor cyclopropanes with two geminal carboxylic esters are reacted with chalcogenyl chlorides and bromides to afford ring-opened products bearing the halogen atoms in the 1-position, adjacent to the donor, and the chalcogenyl residue in the 3-position next to the two acceptor groups. A variety of different donors (e.g., aryl, N, and O) are used. The stereospecificity of the reaction is demonstrated by using a chiral starting material.