cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TAXATION, COST OF CAPITAL AND INVESTMENT IN AUSTRALIAN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Lewis, Philip E.T.
name: Hall, Nigel H.
name: Savage, C.R.
name: Kingston, A.G.
name: Lewis, Philip E.T.
name: Hall, Nigel H.
name: Savage, C.R.
name: Kingston, A.G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Public Economics

description: The concept and measurement of the cost of capital is developed to include particularly the role of taxation in investment behaviour. The relative importance of factors influencing investment in plant and machinery is examined for five sectors which make up the broadacre industry of Australia. It is shown that residual funds are important in determining plant and machinery investment, but not through the normally hypothesised channels. It is not the increased liquidity from increased income which raises investment, but the fall in the cost of capital, which is associated with the marginal rate of tax.
Edge-Corner Correspondence: Boundary-Obstructed Topological Phases with Chiral Symmetry
Creators: name: Ezawa, Motohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk-edge correspondence characterizes topological insulators and superconductors. We generalize this concept to the bulk-corner correspondence and the edge-corner correspondence in two dimensions. In the bulk-corner (edge-corner) correspondence, the topological number is defined for the bulk (edge), while the topological phase is evidenced by the emergence of zero-energy corner states. It is shown that the boundary-obstructed topological phases recently proposed are the edge-corner-correspondence type, while the higher-order topological phases are classified into the bulk-corner-correspondence type and the edge-corner-correspondence type. We construct a simple model exhibiting the edge-corner correspondence based on two Chern insulators having the $s$-wave, $d$-wave and $s_{\pm }$-wave pairings. It is possible to define topological numbers for the edge Hamiltonians, and we have zero-energy corner states in the topological phase. The emergence of zero-energy corner states is observable by measuring the impedance resonance in topological electric circuits.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Poincaré sphere symmetries in four-wave mixing with orbital angular momentum
Creators: name: da Motta, Mateus Rattes Lima
name: Alves, Gabriel Bié
name: Khoury, Antonio Zelaquett
name: Vianna, Sandra Sampaio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a degenerate four-wave mixing process induced by transversely structured light beams in a rubidium vapor cell. In particular, we consider the nonlinear interaction driven by optical modes contained in the orbital angular momentum Poincaré sphere, which can be parametrized in terms of a polar and an azimuthal angle. In this context we investigate the transfer of spatial structure to two distinct four-wave mixing signals, possessing different propagation directions in space. We show that under usual assumptions, the output fields can also be described by modes belonging to Poincaré spheres, and that the angles describing the input and output modes are related according to well-defined rules. Our experimental results show good agreement with the calculations, which predict intricate field structures and a transition of the FWM transverse profile between the near- and far-field regions.
Evidence from the Special Relativity and Blackbody Radiation Theories for the Existence of Photons Possessing Zero Kinetic Energy
Creators: name: Buenker, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The traditional interpretation of radiative emission and absorption asserts that photons are created and annihilated in such processes. A Gedanken experiment is considered in which kinetic energy from observed photons is systematically removed until a limit of zero is reached. With the help of the relativistic Doppler effect it is shown that even for infinitesimally small kinetic energies the photons continue to exist, since in other inertial systems they will be observed to have a much higher energy/frequency falling in an easily detectable range. It is possible to formulate an alternative explanation for absorption and emission processes on this basis in terms of real photons with exactly zero kinetic energy being present before or after radiative interactions. Bolstering this hypothesis is the fact that the statistical mechanical treatment of photons interacting with oscillators in blackbody radiation theory predicts an infinite density of photons of this energy, both in the original Planck formulation employing Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics and in the subsequent Bose-Einstein description. These considerations demonstrate that the E = 0 state is greatly preferred as the product of absorption because of the requirement to have the interaction occur in a relatively narrow region of space- time. There is thus strong evidence that photons are not created and annihilated in radiative processes but simply have their kinetic energy changed either to or from a zero value. Accordingly a very high density of zero-energy photons is expected to exist uniformly throughout the universe. Finally, this development suggests that one should subject the creation-annihilation hypothesis to careful scrutiny in other areas of physics as well.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures
Inverse design of environment-induced coherence
Creators: name: Bennett, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic transitions with orthogonal dipole moments can be made to interfere with each other by the use of an anisotropic environment. Here we describe, provide and apply a computational toolbox capable of algorithmically designing three-dimensional photonic environments that enhance the degree of coherence in atomic $Λ$ systems. Example optimisation runs yield approximately double the degree of coherence found using simple planar geometries.
description: Source code available at http://dx.doi.org/10.5525/gla.researchdata.1024
Multi-messenger astronomy with a Southern-Hemisphere gravitational-wave observatory
Creators: name: Gardner, James W.
name: Sun, Ling
name: Borhanian, Ssohrab
name: Lasky, Paul D.
name: Thrane, Eric
name: McClelland, David E.
name: Slagmolen, Bram J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Joint observations of gravitational waves and electromagnetic counterparts will answer questions about cosmology, gamma-ray bursts, and the behaviour of matter at supranuclear densities. The addition of a Southern-Hemisphere gravitational-wave observatory to proposed global networks creates a longer baseline, which is beneficial for sky localisation. We analyse how an observatory in Australia can enhance the multi-messenger astronomy capabilities of future networks. We estimate the number of binary neutron star mergers with joint observations of gravitational waves and kilonova counterparts detectable by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. First, we consider a network of upgrades to current observatories. Adding an Australian observatory to a three-observatory network (comprising two observatories in the USA and one in Europe) boosts the rate of joint observations from $2.5^{+4.5}_{-2.0}$ per year to $5.6^{+10}_{-4.5}$ per year (a factor of two improvement). Then, we consider a network of next-generation observatories. Adding a $20$ km Australian observatory to a global network of a Cosmic Explorer $40$ km in the USA and an Einstein Telescope in Europe only marginally increases the rate from $40^{+71}_{-32}$ per year to $44^{+79}_{-35}$ per year (a factor of 1.1 improvement). The addition of an Australian observatory, however, ensures that at least two observatories are online far more often. When the Cosmic Explorer $40$ km is offline for a major upgrade, the Australian observatory increases the joint observation rate from $0.5^{+0.8}_{-0.4}$ per year to $38^{+68}_{-30}$ per year (a factor of 82 improvement). When the Einstein Telescope is offline, the joint observation rate increases from $0.2^{+0.3}_{-0.1}$ per year to $19^{+34}_{-15}$ per year (a factor of 113 improvement). We sketch out the broader science case for a Southern-Hemisphere gravitational-wave observatory.
description: v1, 13 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to PRD on August 24 2023
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ON-FARM SOLUTIONS TO DRAINAGE PROBLEMS IN IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Dinar, Ariel
name: Knapp, Keith C.
name: Dinar, Ariel
name: Knapp, Keith C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Agricultural production in many semi-arid areas over the world is affected by poor drainage and saline conditions. Optimal agricultural management can be considerably different under these conditions than in locations where these problems do not occur. A long-run steady-state model is developed to analyse several management strategies for a farm with limited natural drainage and no access to off farm facilities. The model is applied to a representative farm in California. Under optimal management, the results suggest relatively small evaporation ponds, a reduction in water application, and little change in cropping patterns. Some drainage reuse is optimal when only variable reuse costs are considered. Returns to land and management are positive in all cases considered and benefits from a free off-farm facility are approximately $260/ha.
Games in rigged economies
Creators: name: Seoane, Luís F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern economies evolved from simpler human exchanges into very convoluted systems. Today, a multitude of aspects can be regulated, tampered with, or left to chance; these are economic {\em degrees of freedom} which together shape the flow of wealth. Economic actors can exploit them, at a cost, and bend that flow in their favor. If intervention becomes widespread, microeconomic strategies of different actors can collide or resonate, building into macroeconomic effects. How viable is a `rigged' economy, and how is this viability affected by growing economic complexity and wealth? Here we capture essential elements of `rigged' economies with a toy model. Nash equilibria of payoff matrices in simple cases show how increased intervention turns economic degrees of freedom from minority into majority games through a dynamical phase. These stages are reproduced by agent-based simulations of our model, which allow us to explore scenarios out of reach for payoff matrices. Increasing economic complexity is then revealed as a mechanism that spontaneously defuses cartels or consensus situations. But excessive complexity enters abruptly into a regime of large fluctuations that threaten the system's viability. This regime results from non-competitive efforts to intervene the economy coupled across degrees of freedom, becoming unpredictable. Thus non-competitive actions can result in negative spillover due to sheer economic complexity. Simulations suggest that wealth must grow faster than linearly with economic complexity to avoid this regime and keep economies viable in the long run. Our work provides testable conclusions and phenomenological charts to guide policing of `rigged' economic systems.
description: 9 pages and 9 figures in the main text. Appendices with 14 additional pages and 15 figures
Non-contact Thermal Transistor Effects Modulated by Nanoscale Mechanical Deformation
Creators: name: Chen, Fangqi
name: Liu, Xiaojie
name: Tian, Yanpei
name: Wang, Duanyang
name: Zheng, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal management has become a promising field in recent years due to the limitation of energy resources and the global warming. An important topic in improving the efficiency of thermal energy utilization is how to control the flows of heat, and thermal rectifiers, such as the thermal transistor, have been proposed as units for modulating the flow of heat. In this work, a reconfigurable non-contact thermal transistor with two-dimensional grating is introduced. The thermal transistor consists of three parts: source, gate, and drain, with the gate working around the phase-transition temperature of vanadium dioxide, a type of phase-transition material. Results show that the unit has a clear transistor-like behavior. The surface phonon/plasmon polaritons supported by the insulating/metallic states that contribute to the radiative thermal transport can be modulated at a nanoscale separation. And the dynamic amplification factor ranges from 15.4 to 30.6 when the stretchable polydimethylsiloxane is subjected to tension or compression. This work sheds light on studies about the controllable small-scale thermal transport due to mechanical deformations.
Gortyna flavago
Creators: name: Joos, R Enato
name: Fritsch, Dieter
name: Bryner, Rudolf
name: Billen, Wolfgang
name: Wicki, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Gortyna
Gortyna flavago

description: 9841 Gortyna flavago (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
Münchenstein (BL), Merian Gärten, 15.7.2015. Die Art erlitt in den letzten Jahren grosse Arealverluste. Seit 2000 ist aus der Region nur ein Nachweis bekannt.
description: Published as part of Joos, R Enato, Fritsch, Dieter, Bryner, Rudolf, Billen, Wolfgang & Wicki, Christoph, 2018, Vielfalt der nachtaktiven Gross- und Kleinschmetterlinge in zwei Parkanlagen bei Basel, pp. 57-71 in Entomo Helvetica 11 on page 63, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986024, http://zenodo.org/record/8034307
A METHOD FOR EVALUATING SUPPLY RESPONSE TO PRICE UNDERWRITING
Creators: name: Fraser, Rob W.
name: Fraser, Rob W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: In this paper a method for evaluating the supply response of individual producers to a price underwriting scheme is presented. The method includes precise formulae to take account of the impact of price underwriting on the producer's uncertain conditions. The Australian Wheat Board's guaranteed minimum price scheme is taken as a specific example of price underwriting in practice. Results show the scheme to lead to only relatively small supply responses. The impact on producer behaviour of an increase in price uncertainty in the presence of an underwriting scheme is also demonstrated in the paper.
HEDONIC PRICING FOR A COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF A PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY SCHEME
Creators: name: Coelli, Tim J.
name: Lloyd-Smith, J.
name: Morrison, D.
name: Thomas, J.
name: Coelli, Tim J.
name: Lloyd-Smith, J.
name: Morrison, D.
name: Thomas, J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: During the 1950s and 1960s pipelines were built to provide water to many farms in the central wheatbelt of Western Australia using public funds. The resulting network has become known as the Comprehensive Water Supply Scheme. The expansion of the Scheme is currently under consideration. An ex ante cost benefit analysis of the proposed expansion is undertaken. An earlier analysis which focused on the benefits of the reduced necessity to cart water was rejected by farmer groups because of the inability of the analysis to properly account for domestic benefits and risk reduction. To overcome these criticisms a hedonic model of farm land values is formulated in which the independent variables are the characteristics of a property, including whether or not the property is connected to the Scheme. The implicit marginal price (or value) of Scheme connection is then derived. An advantage of this technique is that it estimates the value that the farmers allocate to Scheme water in the market place. The conclusion is that the benefits of Scheme water are considerably less than the costs.
Slow manifolds of classical Pauli particle enable structure-preserving geometric algorithms for guiding center dynamics
Creators: name: Xiao, Jianyuan
name: Qin, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since variational symplectic integrators for the guiding center was proposed [1,2], structure-preserving geometric algorithms have become an active research field in plasma physics. We found that the slow manifolds of the classical Pauli particle enable a family of structure-preserving geometric algorithms for guiding center dynamics with long-term stability and accuracy. This discovery overcomes the difficulty associated with the unstable parasitic modes for variational symplectic integrators when applied to the degenerate guiding center Lagrangian. It is a pleasant surprise that Pauli's Hamiltonian for electrons, which predated the Dirac equation and marks the beginning of particle physics, reappears in classical physics as an effective algorithm for solving an important plasma physics problem. This technique is applicable to other degenerate Lagrangians reduced from regular Lagrangians.
Thermal conductivity of Barium Bismuthate at low temperatures
Creators: name: Henriques, A.
name: Oliveira, D. M. N.
name: Baksi, M.
name: Naveed, M.
name: Brito, W. H.
name: Larrea-Jimenéz, J.
name: Kumah, D.
name: Wirth, S.
name: Martelli, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perovskite BaBiO$_3$ crystallizes in a cubic structure and undergoes structural transitions toward lower symmetry phases upon cooling. The two low-temperature monoclinic phases are insulating, and the origin of this unexpected non-metallic character has been under debate. Both monoclinic phases exhibit tilting and breathing distortions, which are connected with the insulating nature of this compound and may have important effects on phononic heat conductivity. Here, we report the first thermal conductivity measurement, $κ$(T), in pristine polycrystalline BaBiO$_3$ from 1.5 K to 310 K. At low and intermediate temperatures, we observe features reminiscent of a glass-like behavior, whereas at high-temperatures we find a downturn - typical of a crystalline solid. We compare our findings with available data of other recently investigated perovskite oxides displaying similar temperature dependence.
Biotech--Who Wins? Economic Benefits and Costs of Biotechnology Innovations in Agriculture
Creators: name: Moschini, GianCarlo
name: Moschini, GianCarlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: biotechnology
subject: genetically modified organisms
subject: identity preservation
subject: intellectual property rights
subject: R&D
subject: transgenic crops
subject: welfare evaluation

description: The conceptual model necessary for an assessment of biotechnology's economic benefits and costs is outlined, emphasizing the need to account for the proprietary nature of biotechnology innovations. The model is illustrated with an application to Roundup Ready soybeans. The estimated value of this innovation is sizeable, with consumers and innovators claiming the largest shares of net benefits. Also, disparities in intellectual property rights protection across countries affect the distribution of benefits. Consumer resistance toward GMOs and the issue of labelling and market segregation complicate the economic evaluation of biotechnology innovations; a number of related regulation and public policy issues are discussed. Emerging output-trait GMOs are potentially less controversial than some earlier GMOs and may bring more benefits to all participants in the agri-food sector, but this outcome depends crucially on the development of an effective, credible, and internationally harmonized regulatory system.
AstroSat and MAXI view of the Black Hole binary 4U 1630-472 during 2016 and 2018 Outbursts
Creators: name: Baby, Blessy E.
name: Agrawal, V. K.
name: C., Ramadevi M.
name: Katoch, Tilak
name: Antia, H. M.
name: Mandal, Samir
name: Nandi, Anuj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an in-depth spectral and timing analysis of the Black Hole binary 4U 1630-472 during 2016 and 2018 outbursts as observed by \textit{AstroSat} and \textit{MAXI}. The extensive coverage of the outbursts with \textit{MAXI} is used to obtain the Hardness Intensity Diagram (HID). The source follows a `c'-shaped profile in agreement with earlier findings. Based on the HIDs of previous outbursts, we attempt to track the evolution of the source during a `super'-outburst and `mini'-outbursts. We model the broadband energy spectra ($0.7-20.0$ keV) of \textit{AstroSat} observations of both outbursts using phenomenological and physical models. No Keplerian disc signature is observed at the beginning of 2016 outburst. However, the disc appears within a few hours after which it remains prominent with temperature ($T_{in}$) $\sim$ 1.3 keV and increase in photon index ($Γ$) from 1.8 to 2.0, whereas the source was at a disc dominant state throughout the \textit{AstroSat} campaign of 2018 outburst. Based on the HIDs and spectral properties, we classify the outbursts into three different states - the `canonical' hard and soft states along with an intermediate state. Evolution of rms along different states is seen although no Quasi-periodic Oscillations (QPOs) are detected. We fit the observed spectra using a dynamical accretion model and estimate the accretion parameters. Mass of the black hole is estimated using inner disc radius, bolometric luminosity and two component flow model to be $3-9$ $M_{\odot}$. Finally, we discuss the possible implications of our findings.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS, typos fixed and figures updated
What the Developing Countries Want from the WTO
Creators: name: McCalla, Alex F.
name: McCalla, Alex F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: developing countries
subject: NGOs
subject: non-trade issues
subject: open trade regimes

description: There is a very strong consensus among economists that developing countries have the most to gain from movements towards freer trade under the WTO. But the Seattle WTO meeting was suspended in part because of vocal NGOs who charged that free trade and globalization were not in poor countries' interests. This paper makes three points. First, developing countries do have much to gain from general trade liberalization. Trade expansion is positively linked to growth. Second, agricultural trade liberalization offers even greater gains than liberalization in other sectors because of the heavy dominance of agriculture in poor countries' economies. Third, not all developing countries are poor, food-deficit, importing countries. They are a heterogeneous group and many are agricultural exporters. An open-economy development strategy has historically paid off for developing countries and is still the best bet for the future. Therefore, a WTO agreement which provides a fair, open, transparent, and rules-based international trading environment is absolutely critical to reducing poverty in these countries. They need access to markets and protection from predatory practices by large rich countries. The WTO is the best game in town.
Tubular geometry construction as a reason for new revision of the space-time conception
Creators: name: Rylov, Yuri A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tubular geometry (T-geometry) is a generalization of the proper Euclidean geometry, founded on the property of sigma-immanence. The proper Euclidean geometry can be described completely in terms of the world function $σ=ρ^{2}/2$, where $ρ$ is the distance. This property is called the sigma-immanence. Supposing that any physical geometry is sigma-immanent, one obtains the T-geometry $\mathcal{G}$, replacing the Euclidean world function $σ_{E}$ by means of $σ$ in the sigma-immanent presentation of the Euclidean geometry. One obtains the T-geometry $\mathcal{G}$, described by the world function $σ$. This method of the geometry construction is very simple and effective. T-geometry has a new geometric property: nondegeneracy of geometry. The class of homogeneous isotropic T-geometries is described by a form of a function of one parameter. Using T-geometry as the space-time geometry one can construct the deterministic space-time geometries with primordially stochastic motion of free particles and geometrized particle mass. Such a space-time geometry defined properly (with quantum constant as an attribute of geometry) allows one to explain quantum effects as a result of the statistical description of the stochastic particle motion (without a use of quantum principles). Geometrization of the particle mass appears to be connected with the restricted divisibility of the straight line segments. The statement, that the problem of the elementary particle mass spectrum is rather a problem of geometry, than that of dynamics, is a corollary of the particle mass geometrization.
description: 33 pages, 0 figures, correction of misprints
Vested Interests in Queuing and the Loss of the WTO's Club Good: The Long-run Costs of US Bilateralism
Creators: name: Kerr, William A.
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: bilateralism
subject: club good
subject: queuing

description: In recent years the United States has actively begun to engage in the negotiation of bilateral and regional trade agreements, a significant change from its long-standing commitment to the exclusive use of multilateral institutions for trade liberalization. While the "unequal economic power" effects of the strategic use of trade policy are well understood, the long-run implications of the creation of a queue for bilateral negotiations have been less fully explored. It is argued here that queuing creates vested interests that are antipathetic to multilateralism and threaten to erode the value of the WTO's "club good." As a result, the new two-track approach of the United States to trade negotiations may not be a sustainable policy.
Effect of finite volume on thermodynamics of quark-hadron matter
Creators: name: Pal, Somenath
name: Motornenko, Anton
name: Vovchenko, Volodymyr
name: Bhattacharyya, Abhijit
name: Steinheimer, Jan
name: Stoecker, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of a finite system volume on thermodynamic quantities, such as the pressure, energy density, specific heat, speed of sound, conserved charge susceptibilities and correlations, in hot and dense strongly interacting matter are studied within the parity-doublet Chiral Mean Field (CMF) model.
 Such an investigation is motivated by relativistic heavy-ion collisions, which create a blob of hot QCD matter of a finite volume, consisting of strongly interacting hadrons and potentially deconfined quarks and gluons.
 The effect of the finite volume of the system is incorporated by introducing a lower momentum cut-offs in the momentum integrals appearing in the model, the numerical value of the momentum cut-off being related to the de Broglie wavelength of the given particle species.
 It is found that some of these quantities show a significant volume dependence, in particular those sensitive to pion degrees of freedom, and the crossover transition is generally observed to become smoother in finite volume.
 These findings are relevant for the effective equation of state used in fluid dynamical simulations of heavy-ion collisions and efforts to extract the freeze out properties of heavy-ion collisions with susceptibilities involving electric charge and strangeness.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Signatures of Planck-scale interactions in the cosmic microwave background?
Creators: name: Queisser, Friedemann
name: Uhlmann, Michael
name: Schützhold, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a rather general low-energy effective action (interacting quantum fields in classical curved space-times), we calculate potential signatures of new physics (such as quantum gravity) at ultra-high energies (presumably the Planck scale) in the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background. These Planck-scale interactions create non-Gaussian contributions, where special emphasis is laid on the three-point function as the most promising observable, which also allows the discrimination between models violating and those obeying Lorentz invariance. PACS: 98.80.Cq, 04.62.+v, 98.70.Vc, 98.80.Qc.
description: 4 pages
Edge Generation Scheduling for DAG Tasks Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Sun, Binqi
name: Theile, Mirco
name: Qin, Ziyuan
name: Bernardini, Daniele
name: Roy, Debayan
name: Bastoni, Andrea
name: Caccamo, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Directed acyclic graph (DAG) tasks are currently adopted in the real-time domain to model complex applications from the automotive, avionics, and industrial domains that implement their functionalities through chains of intercommunicating tasks. This paper studies the problem of scheduling real-time DAG tasks by presenting a novel schedulability test based on the concept of trivial schedulability. Using this schedulability test, we propose a new DAG scheduling framework (edge generation scheduling -- EGS) that attempts to minimize the DAG width by iteratively generating edges while guaranteeing the deadline constraint. We study how to efficiently solve the problem of generating edges by developing a deep reinforcement learning algorithm combined with a graph representation neural network to learn an efficient edge generation policy for EGS. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm by comparing it with state-of-the-art DAG scheduling heuristics and an optimal mixed-integer linear programming baseline. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art by requiring fewer processors to schedule the same DAG tasks. The code is available at https://github.com/binqi-sun/egs.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Computers
Multi-Manifold Learning for Large-scale Targeted Advertising System
Creators: name: Shin, Kyuyong
name: Park, Young-Jin
name: Kim, Kyung-Min
name: Kwon, Sunyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Messenger advertisements (ads) give direct and personal user experience yielding high conversion rates and sales. However, people are skeptical about ads and sometimes perceive them as spam, which eventually leads to a decrease in user satisfaction. Targeted advertising, which serves ads to individuals who may exhibit interest in a particular advertising message, is strongly required. The key to the success of precise user targeting lies in learning the accurate user and ad representation in the embedding space. Most of the previous studies have limited the representation learning in the Euclidean space, but recent studies have suggested hyperbolic manifold learning for the distinct projection of complex network properties emerging from real-world datasets such as social networks, recommender systems, and advertising. We propose a framework that can effectively learn the hierarchical structure in users and ads on the hyperbolic space, and extend to the Multi-Manifold Learning. Our method constructs multiple hyperbolic manifolds with learnable curvatures and maps the representation of user and ad to each manifold. The origin of each manifold is set as the centroid of each user cluster. The user preference for each ad is estimated using the distance between two entities in the hyperbolic space, and the final prediction is determined by aggregating the values calculated from the learned multiple manifolds. We evaluate our method on public benchmark datasets and a large-scale commercial messenger system LINE, and demonstrate its effectiveness through improved performance.
description: Accepted at AdKDD 2020
EOSC-hub D6.2 First report on the maintenance and integration of common services
Creators: name: Widmann, Heinrich
name: Cacciari, Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This deliverable provides overview of the maintenance and integration of common services in the areas T6.1, 6.2, 6.3 and T6.4 and T6.6. The task T6.5, which started in project month 7, is not considered in this report. It comprises the description of the driving and demanding use cases, the maintenance and integration for each of the common services, the integration activities performed and the plans for the next future.
Note on the electromagnetic radius of proton
Creators: name: Ridwan, M.
name: Mart, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed the proton form factor data by using a number of phenomenological parameterizations (models) and extracting the proton electric and magnetic radii. To this end we performed a global fit to all available form factor data, with the virtual photon momentum squared $Q^2$ from $0.0002$ to nearly 10 GeV$^2$ for electric form factor and from $0.015$ to 31 GeV$^2$ for magnetic one. Special attention was given to the small structure shown by the form factor data near $Q^2 = 0.2$ GeV$^2$. It was found that different models yield different structures with different numbers of minimum at this kinematics. Since the slope of form factor in the limit of $Q^2\to 0$ is influenced by this structure, the extracted proton radii are consequently different for different models. Our finding recommends that future experiments should focus on this kinematics instead of low $Q^2$. Experimental data with accuracies comparable to those of the latest data at low $Q^2$ would clearly help to clarify the effect of this structure on the proton charge radius. Interestingly, most of the extracted proton charge radii were found to be closer to the value obtained from the muonic hydrogen atom spectroscopy.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Modern Physics Letters A
Participation in teacher training in two cognitive education programs : an exploratory and descriptive analysis
Creators: name: Weir, Adele J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this research was to examine the training, implementation and outcomes of Feuerstein's Instrumental Enrichment (FIE) and Bright Start-A Cognitive Curriculum for Young Children from the perspective of the teachers involved. The research was conducted by means of a survey distributed to all elementary schools in Vancouver and included 8 selected individual interviews. The 48 responding teachers had participated in a total of 114 training sessions, reflecting multiple trainings for 28 of the respondents. FIE and Bright Start were used in some way by about one third of the survey respondents, while Dynamic Assessment was used by over half of the respondents. Participants indicated a high use of mediated learning (MLE) and there were indications that MLE alone is having positive effects on teachers' practice. Factors that motivated teachers' participation in these trainings were: 1) school support 2) positive word-of-mouth-reports from friends and colleagues; 3) a search for improvements to teaching skills; 4) a match to a teacher's personal style. Suggestions for training improvement included: 1) better organization of the instructional time and materials; 2) improvements to the delivery of the training; 3) offering training in various formats; 4) increased opportunities for practice; 5) options for post-training support. Factors that positively influenced use of training included: 1) training in more than one program; 2) team teaching; 3) student success; 4) school support. Factors identified as not supportive of implementation included: 1) lack of post-training support; 2) isolation; 3) difficulties with the materials and manuals; 4) time limitations; 5) changes in teaching assignments. Suggestions to support increased use in schools included: 1) increasing the number of trained people in each school; 2) options for posttraining support; 3) including the programs in Learning Centers; 4) increasing publicity. Outcomes for teachers included a sense of improved teaching skills, an increase in positive attitudes towards students ability to learn, and more awareness of students' learning needs. These programs appear to offer teachers a valuable classroom option.
Trade Effects of the East African Community: The Model of Verdoorn: Technical Annex
Creators: name: Busse, Matthias
name: Shams, Rasul
name: Busse, Matthias
name: Shams, Rasul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This document is the technical annex to the full paper "Trade Effects of the East African Community" which is available separately.
The Casimir effect for nonlinear sigma models and the Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg-Coleman theorem
Creators: name: Flachi, Antonino
name: Vitagliano, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum vacuum (Casimir) energy arising from noninteracting massless quanta is known to induce a long-range force, while decays exponentially for massive fields and separations larger than the inverse mass of the quanta involved. Here, we show that the interplay between dimensionality and nonlinearities in the field theory alters this behaviour in a nontrivial way. We argue that the changes are intimately related to the Mermin-Wagner-Hohenberg-Coleman theorem, and illustrate this situation using a nonlinear sigma model as a working example. We compute the quantum vacuum energy, which consists of the usual Casimir contribution plus a semiclassical contribution, and find that the vacuum-induced force is long-ranged at large distance, while displays a complex behaviour at small separations. Finally, even for this relatively simple set-up, we show that nonlinearities are generally responsible for modulations in the force as a function of the coupling constant and the temperature.
Kalb-Ramond field interactions in a braneworld scenario
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Ayan
name: Majumdar, Parthasarathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic and (linearized) gravitational interactions of the Kalb-Ramond (KR) field, derived from an underlying ten dimensional heterotic string in the zero slope limit, are studied in a five dimensional background Randall-Sundrum I spacetime with standard model fields confined to the visible brane having negative tension. The warp factor responsible for generating the gauge hierarchy in the Higgs sector is seen to appear inverted in the KR field couplings, when reduced to four dimensions. This leads to dramatically enhanced rotation, {\it far beyond observational bounds}, of the polarization plane of electromagnetic and gravitational waves, when scattered by a homogeneous KR background. Possible reasons for the conflict between theory and observation are discussed.
description: 13 pages Latex, no figures, discussion and acknowledgements added
Control of the Scattering Properties of Complex Systems By Means of Tunable Metasurfaces
Creators: name: Erb, Jared
name: Shrekenhamer, David
name: Sleasman, Timothy
name: Antonsen, Thomas M.
name: Anlage, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the ability to control the scattering properties of a two-dimensional wave-chaotic microwave billiard through the use of tunable metasurfaces located on the interior walls of the billiard. The complex reflection coefficient of the metasurfaces can be varied by applying a DC voltage bias to varactor diodes on mushroom-shaped resonant patches, and this proves to be very effective at perturbing the eigenmodes of the cavity. Placing multiple metasurfaces inside the cavity allows us to engineer desired scattering conditions, such as coherent perfect absorption (CPA), by actively manipulating the poles and zeros of the scattering matrix through the application of multiple voltage biases. We demonstrate the ability to create on-demand CPA conditions at a specific frequency, and document the near-null of output power as a function of four independent parameters tuned through the CPA point. A remarkably low output-to-input power ratio of $\frac{P_{out}}{P_{in}} = 3.71 \times 10^{-8}$ is achieved near the CPA point at 8.54 GHz.
Decoupling EU Farm Support: Does the New Single Payment Scheme Fit within the Green Box?
Creators: name: Swinbank, Alan
name: Tranter, Richard B.
name: Swinbank, Alan
name: Tranter, Richard B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: decoupling
subject: EU
subject: green box
subject: Single Payment Scheme
subject: WTO

description: Recent reform of the EU's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has led to a further decoupling of farm support. The EU believes that the new Single Payment Scheme, which replaces the former system of area and headage payments to farmers, tied to production, will qualify for green-box status in the WTO. We examine this contention, particularly in light of the recent WTO panel report on upland cotton.
The Antidumping Negotiations: Proposals, Positions and Antidumping Profiles: Technical Annex
Creators: name: Young, Linda M.
name: Wainio, John
name: Young, Linda M.
name: Wainio, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This document is the technical annex to the full paper "The Antidumping Negotiations: Proposals, Positions and Antidumping Profiles" which is available separately.
Winter, Eduard, Rußland und das Papstum I-II in: Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte Osteuropas VI
Creators: name: Schaeder, Hildegard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 12 Nr. 3 (1963): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 12, Heft 3
Enhanced charge-transfer character in the monoclinic phase of Mott-insulator LaVO3 thin film
Creators: name: Jana, Anupam
name: Raghunathan, Rajamani
name: Rawat, Ritu
name: Choudhary, R. J.
name: Phase, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic structure of pulsed laser deposited epitaxial LaVO3 (LVO) thin film grown on LaAlO3 (001) (LAO) substrate, has been studied at room temperature and at 130 K, which is below the structural (141 K) and magnetic transition temperatures (143 K) of single crystal LVO. Significant modification in spectral intensity, largely around the V 3d - O 2p hybridized region, is observed in valence band spectrum (VBS) of LVO film at 130 K. Resonant photoemission study at 130 K confirms the presence of charge transfer screened 3dnL (L: hole in the O 2p) final state along with the dominant 3dn-1 final state at 1.5 eV binding energy in the valence band. On the contrary, in the room temperature VBS dominant V 3d sates with only 3dn-1 kind final state is accentuated. To understand this difference, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed. The changes in crystal structure from room temperature orthorhombic (O-LVO) to low temperature monoclinic (M-LVO) symmetry leads to remarkable change in the electronic structure around the Fermi level, including transition from direct to indirect nature of band gap. Our calculations also confirm an enhanced O 2p character in the valence band edge of M-LVO that is hybridized with V 3d. These results are further corroborated with octahedral distortions associated with the structural transition.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Universality in heavy-fermion systems with general degeneracy
Creators: name: Tsujii, N.
name: Kontani, H.
name: Yoshimura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the relation between the T^{2}-coefficient of electrical resistivity $A$ and the T-linear specific-heat coefficient $γ$ for heavy-fermion systems with general $N$, where $N$ is the degeneracy of quasi-particles. A set of experimental data reveals that the Kadowaki-Woods relation; $A/γ^{2} = 1*10^{-5} {μΩ}(K mol/mJ)^{2}$, collapses remarkably for large-N systems, although this relation has been regarded to be commonly applicable to the Fermi-liquids. Instead, based on the Fermi-liquid theory we propose a new relation; $\tilde{A}/\tildeγ^2=1\times10^{-5}$ with $\tilde{A} = A/(1/2)N(N-1)$ and $\tildeγ = γ/(1/2)N(N-1)$. This new relation exhibits an excellent agreement with the data for whole the range of degenerate heavy-fermions.
description: 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett