cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EVA and Backsheet Inspection for Solar Module
Creators: name: Hsieh, H.-H.
name: Lee, Y.-H.
name: Li, Y.-T.
name: Wang, E.-Y.
name: Wu, H.-S.
name: Tung, N.-H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1770-1773
description: Ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA)and backsheetarekey materialstothe high reliabilityand performanceof solar module. The complicated polymer compositions of EVA and backsheet are sensitive to humidity and UV light, thus resulting in degradation. The IEC standards concerning the polymer materials weatherability and durability usually take few months for testing. To reducethe testing duration, EVAand backsheetinspection is carried out to evaluate the applicability for solar module.The EVA inspection including5 testmethods in accordance with IEC 62788 standard,accelerated aging tests,andlamination conditions.The tests samples could be in the forms of cured status orraw materials.This may facilitate the solar manufacturers asincoming quality controlorscreening. In this research, 5 EVA and 5 backsheet samples are prepared for test. The results show a significant differentiation of the qualified materials from the failed samples. This paper delivers the5testing methods for EVA and backsheet materials, and their testing results are also revealed for discussion.
Modeling and Simulation of Non-Uniform Encapsulant Discoloration Effect in Crystalline-Silicon Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Mohammed Niyaz, H.
name: Sinha, A.
name: Gupta, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1790-1794
description: Crystalline-silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic (PV) modules generally suffer from discoloration of encapsulation material after prolonged exposure to UV radiation under high temperature conditions, which ultimately affects the performance and reliability. In this work, distributed diode modelling approach of solar cell along with circuit simulation have been used to evaluate the effect of encapsulant discoloration area, discoloration intensity and number of weak cells on the performance of c-Si PV module. Results show that the discoloration primarily resulted in the reduction of short circuit current (ISC) which further leads to loss in open circuit voltage (VOC), fill factor (FF), maximum power (PMax) and slight increase in series resistance (RS) of module. PMax loss has been quantified for yellow and brown discoloration for different discoloration areas. The variation in discoloration from yellow to brown, extending over 80% of the solar cell area leads to the PMax loss in the range of 8-33%. Under the case of non-uniform discoloration, PMax and mismatch power losses increased non-linearly with the number of weak cells and their discoloration extent. The presented approach can be used to study the impact of discoloration on the performance of PV module.
Quantitative absorption imaging of optically dense effective two-level systems
Creators: name: Veyron, Romain
name: Mancois, Vincent
name: Gerent, Jean-Baptiste
name: Baclet, Guillaume
name: Bouyer, Philippe
name: Bernon, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absorption imaging is a commonly adopted method to acquire, with high temporal resolution, spatial information on a partially transparent object. It relies on the interference between a probe beam and the coherent response of the object. In the low saturation regime, it is well described by a Beer Lambert attenuation. In this paper we theoretically derive the absorption of a $σ$ polarized laser probe by an ensemble of two-level systems in any saturation regime. We experimentally demonstrate that the absorption cross section in dense $^{87}$Rb cold atom ensembles is reduced, with respect to the single particle response, by a factor proportional to the optical density b of the medium. To explain this reduction, we developed a model that incorporates, in the single particle response, the incoherent electromagnetic background emitted by the surrounding ensemble. We show that it qualitatively reproduces the experimental results. Our calibration factor that has a universal dependence on optical density $b$ for $σ$ polarized light : $α$ = 1.17(9) + 0.255(2)b allows to obtain quantitative and absolute, in situ, images of dense quantum systems.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Cell to Module Gains for High Efficiency Back Contact Cells
Creators: name: Guillevin, N.
name: Newman, B.
name: Bende, E.E.
name: Okel, L.A.G.
name: Jansen, M.J.
name: Dekker, N.J.J.
name: Eerenstein, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1654-1656
description: Back contact cells architectures, especially Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC), offer the potential for
the highest efficiencies, best aesthetics, and application flexibility. Foil-based back contact module interconnect for
these architectures has been shown to be a high throughput, industrially viable, and reliable solution for both IBC and
Metal Wrap Through (MWT) cells. By collecting current from distributed points on the cell, foil reduces series
resistance in the module interconnection, leading to lower cell-to-module (CTM) FF loss. This specific feature makes
the conductive foil the interconnection technology of choice for high current back contact solar cells. In addition, the
capacity of the conductive foil to tolerate higher Isc in the module with limited series resistance increase offers the
opportunity to further improve module power based on light management techniques and increase of the module Isc.
In this work, we focused on increasing the CTM Isc and power gains by improving capture of the light inside the
module by using a reflective “Intra-Module” Foil (IMF) placed in between back contact cells interconnected with
back contact foil. We present results on single-cell and 2x2 back contact laminates manufactured with IBC and MWT
cells interconnected based on ECN’s conductive foil technology. CTM power gain above 5.1% is demonstrated with
Isc gain more than above 8% on 2x2 laminates.
Electrical Performance Evaluation of c-Si Solar Cell Subjected to Potential Induced Degradation
Creators: name: Purohit, Z.
name: Kumar, M.
name: Tripathi, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1660-1663
description: Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a severe degradation phenomena that leads to massive decline of power output over time in solar photovoltaic (PV) power plants. The potential difference between PV cell matrix and grounded aluminum frame leads to the movement of charge species through the available leakage path resulting into degradation of the panel. In order to understand the cell level defects contributing to the PID, a c-Si solar cell has been subjected to high voltage stress condition (-800 V) for 24 hours. The two-diode model has been further used to investigate the recombination effect under PID. The alternating current (AC) impedance spectroscopy (IS) has been used to investigate the effect on charge accumulation process under PID effect. A significant change in impedance pattern indicates inductive behavior which serves better insight into physical process associated under PID effect.
Education Interrupted: Enrollment, Attainment, and Dropout of Syrian Refugees in Jordan
Creators: name: Krafft, Caroline
name: Sieverding, Maia
name: Berri, Nasma
name: Keo, Caitlyn
name: Sharpless, Mariam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The children affected by the Syrian conflict, including the large population of Syrian refugee children hosted in neighboring countries, are at risk of becoming a ‘lost generation’ due to interruptions in their schooling. This paper examines how educational outcomes of Syrian refugees in Jordan have evolved from pre-conflict to during conflict and displacement. We rely on nationally representative survey data from Jordan in 2016 and in-depth interviews with Syrian refugee youth. We use discrete-time hazard models and compare dropout pre-conflict, during the conflict, and during displacement for different stages of schooling. Syrian refugees in Jordan faced disrupted schooling in Syria due to the conflict, followed by several multidimensional supply- and demand-side barriers to education in Jordan. Yet ultimately enrollment rates, at least through 2016, have recovered to pre-conflict levels for basic education among the group of Syrians in Jordan, with important lessons for other countries struggling to protect refugee children’s education. Host countries’ policy response to refugee education plays a critical role in whether and for how long refugee children resume schooling after displacement.
Coupled electrostatic and hydrophobic destabilisation of the gelsolin-actin complex enables facile detection of ovarian cancer biomarker lysophosphatidic acid
Creators: name: Davoudian, Katharina
name: Bhattacharya, Shayon
name: THOMPSON, DAMIEN
name: Thompson, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is a promising biomarker candidate to screen for ovarian cancer (OC) and potentially stratify and treat patients according to disease stage. LPA is known to target the actin-binding protein gelsolin which is a key regulator of actin filament assembly. Previous studies have shown that the phosphate headgroup of LPA alone is inadequate to bind to the short chain of amino acids in gelsolin known as the PIP2 -binding domain. Thus, the molecular-level detail of the mechanism of LPA binding is poorly understood. Here, we model LPA binding to the PIP2 - binding domain of gelsolin in the gelsolin-actin complex through extensive ten-microsecond atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We predict that LPA binding causes a local conformational rearrangement due to LPA interactions with both gelsolin and actin residues. These conformational changes are a result of the amphipathic nature of LPA, where the anionic phosphate, polar glycerol and ester groups, and lipophilic aliphatic tail mediate LPA binding via charged electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, and van der Waals interactions. The negatively-charged LPA headgroup binds to the PIP2 - binding domain of gelsolin-actin while its hydrophobic tail is inserted into actin, creating a strong LPA-insertion pocket that weakens the gelsolin–actin interface. The computed structure, dynamics, and energetics of the ternary gelsolin–LPA–actin complex confirms that a quantitative OC assay is possible based on LPA-triggered actin release from the gelsolin-actin complex
New Method of Silicon Photovoltaic Panel Fault Detection Using Impedance Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Symonowicz, J.K.
name: Riedel, N.
name: Thorsteinsson, S.
name: Sera, D.
name: Poulsen, P.B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1831-1835
description: The aim of our project is to develop a new method for photovoltaic (PV) panel fault detection based on analysing its impedance spectra (IS). Although this technique was successful in assessing the state of degradation of fuel cells and batteries [1, 2], it has never been applied to PV cells on a wide scale. In this paper, we show that, unlike current-voltage (I-V) tests, the IS method is capable of early detection of changes in PV panel parameters due to microcracks and potential-induced degradation (PID). Although our measurements are only successful under dark conditions, the results are similar for both laboratory environment and for outdoor tests in various weather conditions. A fully developed IS technique, accounting for all kinds of most common PV panel degradation types, would surpass the existing PV fault detection methods then it comes to cost and accuracy.
Germanium monosulfide as a natural platform for highly anisotropic THz polaritons
Creators: name: Nörenberg, Tobias
name: Álvarez-Pérez, Gonzalo
name: Obst, Maximilian
name: Wehmeier, Lukas
name: Hempel, Franz
name: Klopf, J. Michael
name: Nikitin, Alexey Y.
name: Kehr, Susanne C.
name: Eng, Lukas M.
name: Alonso-González, Pablo
name: de Oliveira, Thales V. A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terahertz (THz) electromagnetic radiation is key to optically access collective excitations such as magnons (spins), plasmons (electrons), or phonons (atomic vibrations), thus bridging between optics and solid-state physics. Confinement of THz light to the nanometer length scale is desirable for local probing of such excitations in low dimensional systems, thereby inherently circumventing the large footprint and low spectral density of far-field THz optics. For that purpose, phonon polaritons (PhPs, i.e., light coupled to lattice vibrations in polar crystals) in anisotropic van der Waals (vdW) materials have recently emerged as a promising platform for THz nanooptics; yet the amount of explored, viable materials is still exiguous. Hence, there is a demand for the exploration of novel materials that feature not only THz PhPs at different spectral regimes, but also exhibit unique anisotropic (directional) electrical, thermoelectric, and vibronic properties. To that end, we introduce here the semiconducting alpha-germanium(II) sulfide (GeS) as an intriguing candidate. By employing THz nano-spectroscopy supported by theoretical analysis, we provide a thorough characterization of the different in-plane hyperbolic and elliptical PhP modes in GeS. We find not only PhPs with long life times ($τ$ > 2 ps) and excellent THz light confinement ($λ_0/λ$ > 45), but also an intrinsic, phonon-induced anomalous dispersion as well as signatures of naturally occurring PhP canalization within one single GeS slab.
Environmental Degradation and the Use of Technology in the Agricultural Sector
Creators: name: Prashant Shrivastav*1 Muzeev Ahmad2
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Introduction

Pollution of the environment is among the leading problems experienced in the present generation. With the increase in world population, the probability of food consumption also rises thus putting a lot of pressure on agriculture. These traditional practices have over the years posed a major threat to the environment in terms of soil erosion, water deficiency and loss of species genomes. However, the increase in technology provides positive intervention that would reduce on these ill-effects and enhance on sustainable agriculture.
Sediment Micromechanics in Sheet Flows Induced by Asymmetric Waves: A CFD-DEM Study
Creators: name: Sun, Rui
name: Xiao, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the sediment transport in oscillatory flows is essential to the investigation of the overall sediment budget for coastal regions. This overall budget is crucial for the prediction of the morphological change of coastline in engineering applications. Since the sediment transport in oscillatory flows is dense particle-laden flow, appropriate modeling of the particle interaction is critical. Although traditional two-fluid approaches have been applied to the study of sediment transport in oscillatory flows, the approaches do not resolve the interaction of the particles. Particle-resolved modeling of sediment transport in oscillatory flows and the study of micromechanics of sediment particles are still lacking. In this work, a parallel CFD-DEM solver that can resolve the inter-particle collision is applied to study the granular micromechanics of sediment particles in oscillatory flows. The results obtained from the CFD-DEM solver are validated by using the experimental data of coarse and medium sands. The comparison with experimental results suggests that the flow velocity, the sediment flux and the net sediment transport rate predicted by are satisfactory. Moreover, the micromechanic quantities of the sediment bed are presented in detail, including Voronoi concentration, coordination number, and particle interaction force. It is demonstrated that variation of these micromechanic quantities at different phases in the oscillatory cycle is significant, which is due to different responses of the sediment bed. To investigate the structural properties of the sediment bed, the correlation of the Voronoi volume fraction and coordination number are compared to the results from the fluidized bed simulations. The consistency in the comparison indicates the structural micromechanics of sediment transport and fluidized bed are similar despite the differences in flow patterns.
Evidence for unconventional superconductivity in a spinel oxide
Creators: name: Xue, Huanyi
name: Wang, Lijie
name: Wang, Zhongjie
name: Zhang, Guanqun
name: Peng, Wei
name: Wu, Shiwei
name: Gao, Chunlei
name: An, Zhenghua
name: Chen, Yan
name: Li, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charge frustration with the mixed-valence state inherent to LiTi$_2$O$_4$, which is found to be a unique spinel oxide superconductor, is the impetus for paying special attention to reveal the existence of intriguing superconducting properties. Here, we report a pronounced fourfold rotational symmetry of the superconductivity in high-quality single-crystalline LiTi$_2$O$_4$ (001) thin films. Both the magnetoresistivity and upper critical field under an applied magnetic field manifest striking fourfold oscillations deep inside the superconducting state, whereas the anisotropy vanishes in the normal state, demonstrating that it is an intrinsic property of the superconducting phase. We attribute this behavior to the unconventional $d$-wave superconducting Cooper pairs with the irreducible representation of $E_g$ protected by $O_h$ point group in LiTi$_2$O$_4$. Our findings demonstrate the unconventional character of the pairing interaction in a three-dimensional spinel oxide superconductor and shed new light on the pairing mechanism of unconventional superconductivity.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Do Thin Film PV Modules Offer an Advantage under Partial Shading Conditions?
Creators: name: Tzikas, C.
name: Gomez, G.
name: Van Den Donker, M.
name: Bakker, K.
name: Smets, A.H.M.
name: Folkerts, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1593-1596
description: Building Integrated PhotoVoltaics (BIPV) is one of the fastest growing segments of the photovoltaic
industry worldwide. More than 25 years development has brought to the market diversified products for seamless
integration into the building envelope by using a variety of PV technologies. One of the biggest loss factors, though,
for such applications are the partial shading phenomena caused by shading elements on the roof or in close proximity
such as chimneys, dormers, trees, poles etc. These shadings may have a detrimental effect mostly on the performance
but sometimes also on the reliability of the PV modules used in BIPV applications.
Modeling the photoacoustic signal during the porous silicon formation
Creators: name: Castano-Yepes, J. D.
name: Ramirez-Gutierrez, C. F.
name: Rodriguez-García, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within this work, the kinetics of the growing stage of porous silicon (PS) during the etching process was studied using the photoacoustic technique. A p-type Si with low resistivity was used as a substrate. An extension of Rosencwaig and Gersho model is proposed in order to analyze the temporary changes that take place in the amplitude of the photoacoustic signal during the PS growth. The solution of the heat equation takes into account the modulated laser beam, the changes in the reflectance of the PS-backing heterostructure, the electrochemical reaction, and the Joule effect as thermal sources. The model includes the time-dependence of the sample thickness during the electrochemical etching of PS. The changes in the reflectance are identified as the laser reflections in the internal layers of the system. The reflectance is modeled by an additional sinusoidal-monochromatic light source and its modulated frequency is related to the velocity of the PS growth. The chemical reaction and the DC components of the heat sources are taken as an average value from the experimental data. The theoretical results are in agreement with the experimental data and hence provided a method to determine variables of the PS growth, such as the etching velocity and the thickness of the porous layer during the growing process.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Detecting Dementia from Speech and Transcripts using Transformers
Creators: name: Ilias, Loukas
name: Askounis, Dimitris
name: Psarras, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Alzheimer's disease (AD) constitutes a neurodegenerative disease with serious consequences to peoples' everyday lives, if it is not diagnosed early since there is no available cure. Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia, which constitutes a general term for loss of memory. Due to the fact that dementia affects speech, existing research initiatives focus on detecting dementia from spontaneous speech. However, little work has been done regarding the conversion of speech data to Log-Mel spectrograms and Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and the usage of pretrained models. Concurrently, little work has been done in terms of both the usage of transformer networks and the way the two modalities, i.e., speech and transcripts, are combined in a single neural network. To address these limitations, first we represent speech signal as an image and employ several pretrained models, with Vision Transformer (ViT) achieving the highest evaluation results. Secondly, we propose multimodal models. More specifically, our introduced models include Gated Multimodal Unit in order to control the influence of each modality towards the final classification and crossmodal attention so as to capture in an effective way the relationships between the two modalities. Extensive experiments conducted on the ADReSS Challenge dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed models and their superiority over state-of-the-art approaches.
description: Computer Speech & Language (Accepted)
Impact of Inhomogeneous Irradiance at the Rear of Bifacial Panels on Modelled Energy Yield
Creators: name: Janssen, G.J.M.
name: Gali, R.S.R.
name: De Groot, K.
name: Carr, A.J.
name: Van Aken, B.B.
name: Romijn, I.G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1618-1623
description: The inhomogeneity of the rear irradiance of bifacial PV panels and its effect on the power loss due to
current mismatch was investigated by modelling. We have found that the inhomogeneity of the rear irradiance
depends on orientation, elevation, and tilt angle of the panel and on irradiance conditions. Typically the
inhomogeneity of the rear irradiance is largest at a high fraction of direct light. Conversely, the inhomogeneity of the
total irradiance is smallest when there is a large direct light component. The simulations indicated that the relative
standard deviation (RSD) of the total irradiance will not exceed 5% even at albedo as high as 0.8, and is usually much
smaller. Simulations mimicking near-field shading also showed that the RSD will be below 10% unless the beam
component is small, i.e. at low light conditions. LTspice circuit simulations with an inhomogeneous current
distribution showed that a current distribution with an RSD below 10% will not lead to cells going into reverse bias.
This means the risk for hot-spots is small. A simple parametrization for the power loss as function of the RSD of the
current distribution was established, which can be used for energy yield calculations.
Addressing Declining Female Labor Force Participation in India: Does Political Empowerment Make a Difference?
Creators: name: Deininger, Klaus
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Nagarajan, Hari K.
name: Singh, Sudhir K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Despite income growth, fertility decline, and educational expansion, female labour force participation in rural India dropped precipitously over the last decade. Nation-wide individual-level data allow us to explore if random reservation of village leadership for females affected women’s access to job opportunities, their demand for participation in the labour force, and income as well as intra-household bargaining in the short-and medium term. Gender reservation of local leadership affected female but not male participation in public works and regular labour markets, their income, and their influence on key household decisions with a lag, suggesting that such reservation affected social norms and stereotypes.
Open Access – nutzerfreundlich!?
Creators: name: Hauke, Petra
name: Rumler, Jana
name: Hötzeldt, Aline
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät I
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Open Access
subject: Suchmaschine
subject: Bibliothekskataloge
subject: search engine
subject: library catalogue
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Der Nachweis hybrider Publikationen, d. h. von parallel als Druck- und als Online-Ausgabe erschienenen Veröffentlichungen in Bibliothekskatalogen und Datenbanken ist von großer Diversität gekennzeichnet. Auch der direkte Zugang über die Kataloge zum im Netz frei verfügbaren elektronischen Gegenstück einer Printpublikation ist nicht selbstverständlich. Am Beispiel ausgewählter hybrider Publikationen wird gezeigt, wie Bibliotheken, Verbünde und Suchmaschinen in Deutschland und weltweit damit umgehen. In einer weitreichenden Analyse haben die Autorinnen die unterschiedlichen Handhabungen analysiert und kritisch bewertet. Die Arbeit gibt einerseits die Ergebnisse der Recherche wieder und richtet andererseits das Augenmerk auf die Notwendigkeit einheitlicher Katalogisierungsrichtlinien für hybride Publikationen.
description: There is a great diversity in cataloguing electronic publications and their printed counterparts (hybrid publications) not only in library catalogues but also in bibliographic databases. Open access to free available electronic publications through library catalogues is mostly missing, even the information about an existing electronic counterpart is not selfunderstanding. On the example of two hybrid publications a research was started to find out how cataloguers handle this issue. The research is not only about Germany but about library catalogues around the world. The author’s goal is not just to criticize but to bring into cataloguers’ mind their responsibility for complete and really userfriendly catalogues.
Functional integral approach to the kinetic theory of inhomogeneous systems
Creators: name: Fouvry, Jean-Baptiste
name: Chavanis, Pierre-Henri
name: Pichon, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a derivation of the kinetic equation describing the secular evolution of spatially inhomogeneous systems with long-range interactions, the so-called inhomogeneous Landau equation, by relying on a functional integral formalism. We start from the BBGKY hierarchy derived from the Liouville equation. At the order ${1/N}$, where $N$ is the number of particles, the evolution of the system is characterised by its 1-body distribution function and its 2-body correlation function. Introducing associated auxiliary fields, the evolution of these quantities may be rewritten as a traditional functional integral. By functionally integrating over the 2-body autocorrelation, one obtains a new constraint connecting the 1-body DF and the auxiliary fields. When inverted, this constraint allows us to obtain the closed non-linear kinetic equation satisfied by the 1-body distribution function. This derivation provides an alternative to previous methods, either based on the direct resolution of the truncated BBGKY hierarchy or on the Klimontovich equation. It may turn out to be fruitful to derive more accurate kinetic equations, e.g., accounting for collective effects, or higher order correlation terms.
description: 13 pages
Aeolian land forms in the Baruth Ice-Marginal Valley and the dune profile in the Picher Berge near Schöbendorf (Brandenburg, Germany)
Creators: name: Boer, Wierd Mathijs De
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Düne
subject: äolische Landschaftsformen
subject: Baruther Urstromtal
subject: Schöbendorf
subject: Dünenprofil
subject: Radiokarbondatierungen
subject: 14-C Datierungen
subject: Thermolumineszenz
subject: Bronzezeit
subject: Neolithikum
subject: begrabene Böden
subject: Picher Berge
subject: Brandenburg
subject: Deutschland
subject: Dune
subject: Aeolian land forms
subject: Baruth Ice-Marginal Valley
subject: dune profile
subject: radio carbon dating
subject: 14-C dating
subject: thermoluminescence
subject: bronze age
subject: Neolithic period
subject: buried soils
subject: Germany
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Im Dünenprofil der Sandgrube in den 'Picher Bergen', südlich von Schöbendorf (Brandenburg, Deutschland, WGS84: 52º2.9070’N 13º25.8767’O), sind wenigstens fünf gut ausgebildete begrabene Böden zu erkennen. Nicht nur der obere, der Jungdünenteil, worin sich Feuersteinabschläge und bronzezeitliche Scherben befinden, sondern auch der untere, der Altdünenteil, ist mehrfach gegliedert. Dabei ist an der Basis der Altdüne eine Verzahnung von Flugsand- und Sandlößschichten zu beobachten.
description: In the dune profile of the sand pit in the 'Picher Berge' south of Schöbendorf (Brandenburg, Germany, WGS84: 52º2.9070’N 13º25.8767’O), one can observe at least five well developed buried soils. Not only the uppermost part of the dune, the 'young dune' part, in which fragments of pottery of bronze age and flints were found, but also the 'old dune' part of the dune was subdivided several times by buried soils. At the basis of the 'old dune' part, loessy sands alternate with cover sand strata.
Stimulating Innovations for Sustainable Agricultural Practices among Smallholder Farmers: Persistence of Intervention Matters
Creators: name: Bedi, Shaibu Mellon
name: Kornher, Lukas
name: von Braun, Joachim
name: Kotu, Bekele Hundie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Science Policy
Cancer

description: As part of the dissemination of sustainable intensification (SI) of agricultural practices in northern Ghana, farmers were conditionally induced with inputs to adopt the SI practices. We study the effects of the conditional inducement on maize yield and net income of farmers under a quasi-randomised phase-out design. We examine the effects of the inducement by comparing continuous induced farmers with past induced and non-induced farmers. Our results indicate that the conditional inducement led to an increase in the maize yield and the net income of continuously induced farmers, on average. Estimates also suggest that the continuously induced farmers would have had their maize yields and net incomes decreased by about 64 per cent and 54 per cent, respectively if the inducement had been discontinued. Distributional analysis reveals that the inducement effects are heterogeneous and that past inducement impacted more on the maize yield and the net income of farmers at the lower quantiles. We conclude that appropriate conditional inducement can stimulate farmers’ adoption. Besides, the duration of intervention matters and must not be overlooked in interventions that necessitate gaining experience and learning.
Efficient quantum information probes of non-equilibrium quantum criticality
Creators: name: Oliveira, Miguel M.
name: Ribeiro, Pedro
name: Kirchner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum information-based approaches, in particular the fidelity, have been flexible probes for phase boundaries of quantum matter. A major hurdle to a more widespread application of fidelity and other quantum information measures to strongly correlated quantum materials is the inaccessibility of the fidelity susceptibility to most state-of-the-art numerical methods. This is particularly apparent away from equilibrium where, at present, no general critical theory is available and many standard techniques fail. Motivated by the usefulness of quantum information based measures we show that a widely accessible quantity, the single-particle affinity, is able to serve as a versatile instrument to identify phase transitions beyond Landau's paradigm. We demonstrate that it not only is able to signal previously identified non-equilibrium phase transitions but also has the potential to detect hitherto unknown phases in models of quantum matter far from equilibrium.
description: 8+4 pages, 3+5 figures
Forecasting Power Losses due to Potential-Induced Degradation (PID)
Creators: name: Slamberger, J.
name: Schwark, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1664-1666
description: In this work, the models for forecasting power losses due to potential-induced degradation (PID) are presented. The PID is one of the most considerable types of degradation, in which case power losses may even exceed 30%. Additionally, the current standard (IEC 62804) applicable to PID testing specifies no threshold values for PID-tested modules. Usually, power losses of 5% under STC are accepted by PID testing institutes. However, at low-irradiation in many cases may lead to power losses of 20% and above. Therefore a good knowledge of PID processes is needed to quantify the energy yield losses. PID process is strongly dependent on strength of the electric field, temperature, relative humidity, conductive soiling and time.
Robust Dynamic Bus Control: A Distributional Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning Approach
Creators: name: Wang, Jiawei
name: Sun, Lijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bus system is a critical component of sustainable urban transportation. However, the operation of a bus fleet is unstable in nature, and bus bunching has become a common phenomenon that undermines the efficiency and reliability of bus systems. Recently research has demonstrated the promising application of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) to achieve efficient vehicle holding control to avoid bus bunching. However, existing studies essentially overlook the robustness issue resulting from various events, perturbations and anomalies in a transit system, which is of utmost importance when transferring the models for real-world deployment/application. In this study, we integrate implicit quantile network and meta-learning to develop a distributional MARL framework -- IQNC-M -- to learn continuous control. The proposed IQNC-M framework achieves efficient and reliable control decisions through better handling various uncertainties/events in real-time transit operations. Specifically, we introduce an interpretable meta-learning module to incorporate global information into the distributional MARL framework, which is an effective solution to circumvent the credit assignment issue in the transit system. In addition, we design a specific learning procedure to train each agent within the framework to pursue a robust control policy. We develop simulation environments based on real-world bus services and passenger demand data and evaluate the proposed framework against both traditional holding control models and state-of-the-art MARL models. Our results show that the proposed IQNC-M framework can effectively handle the various extreme events, such as traffic state perturbations, service interruptions, and demand surges, thus improving both efficiency and reliability of the system.
Periodic Solutions in $\mathbb R^n$ for Stationary Anisotropic Stokes and Navier-Stokes Systems
Creators: name: Mikhailov, Sergey E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J57, 35Q30, 76D, 76M

description: First, the solution uniqueness and existence of a stationary anisotropic (linear) Stokes system with constant viscosity coefficients in a compressible framework on $n$-dimensional flat torus are analysed in a range of periodic Sobolev (Bessel-potential) spaces. By employing the Leray-Schauder fixed point theorem, the linear results are employed to show existence of solution to the stationary anisotropic (non-linear) Navier-Stokes incompressible system on torus in a periodic Sobolev space. Then the solution regularity results for stationary anisotropic Navier-Stokes system on torus are established.
description: 15 pages, corrected
Inequality of Opportunity in Mexico and its Regions: A Data-Driven Approach
Creators: name: Plassot, Thibaut
name: Soloaga, Isidro
name: Torres, Pedro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: This research proposes a first approximation of Inequality of Opportunity (IOp) in Mexico based on a concept of ex-post compensation, fully consistent with Roemer’s approach. This framework considers the advantage reached by an individual to be determined by the circumstances and by the effort exerted. Following Brunori and Neidhöfer, we construct a data-driven procedure using regression trees to identify types based on circumstances. To identify effort, an algorithm estimates the distribution of outcome in each type based on coefficients of Bernstein polynomials. We present IOp indicators for both an ex-ante and an ex-post approach. Our results underline the differences, in terms of opportunities, faced by individuals, based on the territory in which they grew up, the household context, and personal characteristics. The education and the wealth of parents, and the area of residence at age of 14 are the principal circumstances that shape the trajectories, besides the skin tone or the region. Importantly, territorial variables are significant among the individuals in relative poor households at age of 14, but they hold less importance for the others. IOp is higher in rural areas, in the South and in the Center compared to other regions.
Phase separation dynamics in deformable droplets
Creators: name: Gsell, Simon
name: Merkel, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Phase separation can drive spatial organization of multicomponent mixtures. For instance in developing animal embryos, effective phase separation descriptions have been used to account for the spatial organization of different tissue types. Similarly, separation of different tissue types and the emergence of a polar organization is also observed in cell aggregates mimicking early embryonic axis formation. Here, we describe such aggregates as deformable two-phase fluid droplets, which are suspended in a fluid environment (third phase). Using hybrid finite-volume Lattice-Boltzmann simulations, we numerically explore the out-of-equilibrium routes that can lead to the polar equilibrium state of such a droplet (Janus droplet). We focus on the interplay between spinodal decomposition and advection with hydrodynamic flows driven by interface tensions, which we characterize by a Peclet number $Pe$. Consistent with previous work, for large $Pe$ the coarsening process is generally accelerated. However, for intermediate $Pe$ we observe long-lived, strongly elongated droplets, where both phases form an alternating stripe pattern. We show that these ``croissant'' states are close to mechanical equilibrium and coarsen only slowly through diffusive fluxes in an Ostwald-ripening-like process. Finally, we show that a surface tension asymmetry between both droplet phases leads to transient, rotationally symmetric states whose resolution leads to flows reminiscent of Marangoni flows. Our work highlights the importance of advection for the phase separation process in finite, deformable systems.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Reliability Analysis of Photovoltaic Modules by Contact States between Interconnector Ribbon and Ag Electrode
Creators: name: Kim, I.-A.
name: Min, Y.-K.
name: Choi, J.-H.
name: Kim, C.-H.
name: Lee, E.-J.
name: Kim, D.-S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1751-1753
description: The warranty period of a PV module depends on the manufacturer and the minimum power performance is in accordance with the standard test conditions(IEC61215). But does not represent the installation performance overtime and installation. Generally, the PV module output is guaranteed to be at least 25years at 80% output, but maybe exceeded at power levels lower of 40-50years, depending on the installation location or climate.
Therefore, in the soldering process, which has the great influence on the durability and output PV module, the soldering criterion is established through the Peel off test for the reliability and output degradation of the PV module are checked through the Humidity-Freeze test.
Towards Accurate, High-Frequency I-V Curve Measurements of Photovoltaic Modules Applying Electronic Loads
Creators: name: Spiliotis, K.
name: Yordanov, G.H.
name: Van Den Broeck, G.
name: Goverde, H.
name: Baert, K.
name: Driesen, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Performance, Reliability and Sustainability of Photovoltaic Modules and Balance of System Components
PV Module Performance and Reliability

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1561-1565
description: We present a new measurement methodology for accurate, high-frequency outdoor I-V characterization
of PV modules. A hybrid sweep is performed in order to obtain more detailed I-V curves of the PV module, hereby
combining the advantage of a voltage sweep (for good resolution in the near-horizontal parts of the curve) with the
advantage of a current sweep (giving precise information about the very steep parts). The new approach is compared
to the state-of-the-art current and voltage sweep methods. Furthermore, an advanced data-point distribution algorithm
is discussed, which ensures sufficient information in the ranges of interest, while keeping the total amount of required
measurement points as low as possible to minimize the data storage, sweep time, and computational effort. The
improved technique provides accurate, high-resolution characterization about the maximum power point, MPP without
necessarily requiring too many measurement points. The new methods enable I-V measurement frequencies up to 1 Hz
(which is essential for accurate energy yield estimations) while maintaining low computational effort.
Crown rupture during droplet impact on a dry smooth surface at increased pressure
Creators: name: Xu, Zhigang
name: Wang, Longlong
name: Wang, Tianyou
name: Che, Zhizhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of droplets at increased environmental pressure is important in many industrial applications. Previous studies mainly considered the impact process at standard or reduced environmental pressure, and the effect of high environmental pressure is unclear. In this study, we experimentally investigate the impact of ethanol droplets on dry smooth surfaces at increased environmental pressure. The effects of the environmental pressure on the splashing and rupture of the crown during the impact process are analyzed. The results show that surrounding gas with high environmental pressure can lead to the splashing of the crown in a 'thread rupture' mode and the sizes of the secondary droplets from the rim of the liquid crown increase with the environmental pressure. The threshold for the transition from spreading to splashing during the impact process is obtained based on the theory of aerodynamics analysis of the lamella. At increased environmental pressure, the threshold speed of the impact decreases with increasing the environmental pressure because the wedge of the lamella is prevented from moving forward and is driven to detach from the substrate by the air ahead, which has a higher density due to the higher environmental pressure.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures