cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Essays on income inequality in the United States
Creators: name: Castellanos Sosa, Francisco Alberto
name: 0000-0003-3002-4890
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Income inequality
United States
Spatial distribution
Local labor markets
Immigration enforcement

description: This dissertation studies income inequality in the United States during the last two decades. The connections income inequality has with other topics and its measurement features allow for its exploration from different perspectives, giving origin to the overarching objective of this dissertation. To examine contemporaneous U.S. income inequality under two of the three stands it might take in any research process: a phenomenon itself and a dependent (outcome) variable. Therefore, the chapters in this dissertation position income inequality under a different spotlight, using a wide array of quantitative methodologies. Income inequality is first considered a phenomenon and disaggregated under Liao's (2016) decomposition at an in-vogue geographical level: Commuting Zones. Such decomposition helps identify the within-share element from a commonly shared income range across all local labor markets and the within-differentiation arising from the differences across the income distributions. Then, it is possible to identify the degree to which the within, between, within-share, and within-differentiations inequality dynamics drive its overall increasing pattern. This approach identifies, through the between component, those local labor markets exerting the most influence in the overall measure. The second perspective considers income inequality as a dependent variable throughout the study of income effects at different parts of its distribution and directly on traditional measures. In doing so, the quasi-random staggered implementation of the Secure Communities program (hereon referred to as SC) is exploited. SC is, in a few words, a federal program to strengthen immigration enforcement efforts across different levels of government agencies. Short-term effects of SC on income inequality are obtained using the improved doubly robust difference-in-differences (DiD) estimator weighted for multiple treatment periods (DRIMP) proposed by Callaway and Sant’Anna (2021). Effects in overall wages, by gender and main education groups, by income deciles, and by traditional inequality measures are estimated.
PKM – Personal Knowledge Management: cosa vuol dire essere una persona istruita nel XXI secolo?
Creators: name: Cigognini, Maria Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: What does it mean to be a 21st century digital literate ? We need to prepare today’s students for tomorrow’s works and challenges such as they become aware citizens, regardless of being born or live digital, and to be fully independent in accessing and using resources, contents, relations, tools and features of the Digital Society. Social networking environments are populated spontaneously just for the need of having fun and communicating. Learning how to use such environments to manage knowledge is a strategic asset to deal effectively with the dynamics of the Network. In this framework, we focus on the Personal Knowledge Management (PKM) skills that every lifelong learner should acquire in order to benefit from learning experiences, between formal, non-formal and informal learning in his own personal experience of lifelong learning.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 10 No. 66 (2010)
Фармакорезистентная пролактинома. Сложности диагностики и лечения, поиск пути решений. Клинический случай
Creators: name: Новоселя, Наталья
Publisher: name: ООО Цифра
Year: 2023
Subjects: prolactinoma
resistance to therapy
dopamine receptor agonists
transnasal transsphenoidal adenomectomy
stereotactic radiotherapy
пролактинома
резистентность к терапии
агонисты дофаминовых рецепторов
трансназальная трансфеноидальная аденомэктомия
стереотаксическая радиотерапия
лучевая терапия

description: Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 1 (127) 2023
U(1) and SU(2) quantum dissipative systems: The Caldeira-Leggett vs. the Amegaokar-Eckern-Schön approaches
Creators: name: Shnirman, Alexander
name: Saha, Arijit
name: Burmistrov, Igor S.
name: Kiselev, Mikhail N.
name: Altland, Alexander
name: Gefen, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two paradigmatic frameworks for treating quantum systems coupled to a dissipative environment: the Caldeira-Leggett and the Ambegaokar-Eckern-Schön approaches. Here we recall the differences between them, and explain the consequences when each is applied to a zero dimensional spin (possessing an SU(2) symmetry) in a dissipative environment (a dissipative quantum dot near or beyond the Stoner instability point).
description: Contribution for Leonid Keldysh 85 Festschrift
Absence of a Derogation Clause under the African Charter and the Position of the African Commission
Creators: name: Aboma, Melkamu Tolera
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: A Derogation clause is an important limitation on state’s power
during a state of emergency when human rights are in a precarious
situation. This article analyses the omission of derogation clause from
the African Charter. It examines international and regional human
rights instruments, the jurisprudences of human rights monitoring
bodies relating to issues of derogation and academic writings. The
findings of this article show the absence of a derogation clause in the
African Charter is a serious flaw that should be corrected.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 4 No 2 (2014): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Milgrom's Law and Lambda's Shadow: How Massive Gravity Connects Galactic and Cosmic Dynamics
Creators: name: Trippe, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive gravity provides a natural solution for the dark energy problem of cosmology and is also a candidate for resolving the dark matter problem. I demonstrate that, assuming reasonable scaling relations, massive gravity can provide for Milgrom's law of gravity (or "modified Newtonian dynamics") which is known to remove the need for particle dark matter from galactic dynamics. Milgrom's law comes with a characteristic acceleration, Milgrom's constant, which is observationally constrained to $a_0\approx1.1\times10^{-10}$ m/s$^2$. In the derivation presented here, this constant arises naturally from the cosmologically required mass of gravitons like $a_0\propto c\sqrtΛ\propto c H_0\sqrt{3Ω_Λ}$, with $Λ$, $H_0$, and $Ω_Λ$ being the cosmological constant, the Hubble constant, and the third cosmological parameter, respectively. My derivation suggests that massive gravity could be the mechanism behind both, dark matter and dark energy.
description: 4 pages. To appear in JKAS (submitted: 2015 March 11; accepted: 2015 June 2)
Indagine sull’uso di tecnologie web per un corso open online. Il caso del corso CCK08
Creators: name: Fini, Antonio
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: Una nuova sigla si è recentemente aggiunta al panorama degli acronimi dell’e-learning: MOOC ‒ Massive Open Online Courses, ovvero corsi online aperti a tutti, con un numero di partecipanti molto elevato. In questo lavoro viene proposta una riflessione su questo tipo di corsi, tenendo conto soprattutto della dimensione tecnologica di queste iniziative e delle strategie messe in atto dai partecipanti, sul piano dell’uso di una vasta gamma di sistemi e servizi web.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 10 No. 66 (2010)
Case study of the practices positively impacting culture and sustained student academic achievement on an elementary campus
Creators: name: Price, Jeffrey Randolph
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Turnaround
Sustainability
Culture
Sustained academic achievement
Effective schools framework
Bolman and Deal
Leadership frames
Elementary

description: The purpose of this case study was to examine the practices and culture applied on an elementary campus as part of an academic turnaround that was sustained for at least one consecutive academic year. The Effective Schools Framework used in Texas to improve the campus academically and the four frames of leadership concepts were applied as an integrated conceptual framework for examining how the case study’s principal sustained the academic improvement beyond the first year of turnaround. There were three research questions: (a) What practices and culture are applied on an elementary campus as part of academic turnaround by the school principal? (b) What practices and culture are applied on an elementary campus as part of academic turnaround by the teachers, particularly by the teachers of the tested subjects? (c) What practices and culture are applied on an elementary campus as part of academic turnaround to build turnaround sustainability? The case focused on one urban elementary school with a diverse student population that underperformed on standardized academic performance measures. The elementary campus improved from a D state accountability rating and sustained a C rating for 2 consecutive rating years. The principal and the participating teachers of the one-on-one interviews had been working at the school with the principal during the first turnaround years and sustained their employment on campus. The principal participated in two interviews. Five teachers of STAAR testing grade levels and whose students took the STAAR test during the turnaround year were interviewed individually. Teachers of any grade during the turnaround or sustained academic years participated in a focus group. Data were analyzed using NVivo software and the following themes emerged: (a) principal set expectations and goals; (b) principal created specific planning structures; (c) strategic staffing by the principal; (d) structured planning process within professional learning communities (PLC); (e) collaborative work beyond the PLC structure; (f) flexible grouping among classrooms and grade levels; (g) consistency of staff, expectations, and campus systems; (h) fear of backsliding on academic progress; and (i) reflective planning.
Fluctuating fitness shapes the clone size distribution of immune repertoires
Creators: name: Desponds, Jonathan
name: Mora, Thierry
name: Walczak, Aleksandra M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adaptive immune system relies on the diversity of receptors expressed on the surface of B and T-cells to protect the organism from a vast amount of pathogenic threats. The proliferation and degradation dynamics of different cell types (B cells, T cells, naive, memory) is governed by a variety of antigenic and environmental signals, yet the observed clone sizes follow a universal power law distribution. Guided by this reproducibility we propose effective models of somatic evolution where cell fate depends on an effective fitness. This fitness is determined by growth factors acting either on clones of cells with the same receptor responding to specific antigens, or directly on single cells with no regards for clones. We identify fluctuations in the fitness acting specifically on clones as the essential ingredient leading to the observed distributions. Combining our models with experiments we characterize the scale of fluctuations in antigenic environments and we provide tools to identify the relevant growth signals in different tissues and organisms. Our results generalize to any evolving population in a fluctuating environment.
Mrs. Seniya Sheh V. Mrs. Belaynesh Matebo & Mr. Sherif Ahmed, Federal Supreme Court Cassation Division;Mrs. Minya G/Silassie V. Mr. Meseret Alemayehu, Federal Supreme Court Cassation Division
Creators: name: Yaze, Worku
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: የተመረጡ ፍርዶች
(በቤተሰብ ህግ ላይ ያተኮሩ)
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 3 No 2 (2013): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Social software e multitasking: un virus o una risorsa?
Creators: name: Paoletti, Gisella
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: Il multitasking è una strategia di gestione delle risorse cognitive; consiste nello svolgere più di un compito contemporaneamente. In alcuni casi è inevitabile, altre volte no, ma sempre più spesso ci sentiamo costretti a cercare di fare più cose simultaneamente. Possiamo veramente dividere la nostra attenzione conscia tra due compiti impegnativi, come leggere e scrivere? In questo articolo si riportano risultati sperimentali che hanno dimostrato che il risparmio di tempo può essere illusorio e che la performance ha un decadimento rispetto alle situazioni in cui è possibile svolgere i compiti in sequenza.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 10 No. 66 (2010)
Pragmatic privatization and the hollow state : nonprofits and the implementation of educational programs for refugee students
Creators: name: Mairaj, Fiza
name: 0000-0003-2799-4028
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: The hollow state
Pragmatic privatization
Refugee students
Nonprofit

description: Through the passage of the Refugee Act of 1980, the US federal government has largely ceded control of refugee resettlement and all associated social services to the private, nonprofit sector. The US has resettled the highest number of refugees in the world, and about half of those admitted are under the age of 17. Research shows that education is the key to social and emotional healing for refugee children, and critical to ensure their long-term socioeconomic wellbeing. Hence, the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR) provides grants to the nonprofit resettlement sector to support educational integration of refugee youth. However, how these organizations implement educational programs and measure their effectiveness remains unexplored in educational research. Therefore, I undertook a case study to explore two research questions: 1) In a multilayered policy implementation structure of refugee students’ educational support programs inside and outside of public schools, how are decisions made? 2) How do the focal organizations measure effectiveness of educational programs for refugee youth? This study draws from the metaphor of the hollow state and the typologies of privatization to study the multilayered organizational structure of refugee resettlement in Texas. Findings revealed that as multiple organizational layers are added into the service delivery model, clear accountability for the programs is lost. The privatization of refugee support services appears not to reduce the complex infrastructure traditionally attributed to public bureaucracies. Furthermore, the ORR prioritizes the quantity of clients served rather than the quality of the programs implemented, the privatization of services appears to have a limited benefit to end users as well. Finally, as the refugee resettlement program’s focus is on economic self-sufficiency for adult refugees, the policy overlooks the educational needs of school-aged refugees in a systemic way. Outcomes for refugees below the age of 18 are not reported to the Congress by the ORR, reflecting a lack of interest in or focus on the educational well-being of vulnerable refugee youth. Findings from this study contribute to our understanding of how the refugee resettlement policy shapes the educational experiences of refugee students. The study concludes with recommendations for policy, practice, and research.
Generalized derivations of (color) n-ary algebras
Creators: name: Kaygorodov, Ivan
name: Popov, Yury
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We generalize the results of Leger and Luks about generalized derivations of Lie algebras to the case of color $n$-ary $Ω$-algebras. Particularly, we prove some properties of generalized derivations of color $n$-ary algebras; prove that a quasiderivation algebra of a color $n$-ary $Ω$-algebra can be embedded into the derivation algebra of a larger color $n$-ary $Ω$-algebra, and describe (anti)commutative $n$-ary algebras satisfying the condition $QDer = End.$
PKE: tutti ce l’hanno ma pochi lo sanno (far funzionare). Perché un Personal Web non è un Personal Knowledge Environment (PKE)
Creators: name: Pettenati, Maria Chiara
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: Nel mondo delle tecnologie per la conoscenza è emersa la nuova parola chiave: Personal Web. L’Horizon Report 2009, nel proporre all’attenzione della comunità dell’e-learning questo concetto, ne esalta le potenzialità per la crescita di conoscenza: «la gestione dell’informazione è molto più facile di quanto non lo sia stato prima grazie a strumenti di publishing facili da usare per ogni tipo e forma di contenuti». Il Personal Web rende la gestione dell’informazione «easier than never before», più facile di quanto non sia mai stato, perché per gestire la complessità dell’informazione in rete, tool e servizi di cui disponiamo attraverso il Personal Web rendono semplice lo sviluppo e l’organizzazione del contenuto dinamico online. Armati di strumenti Web per taggare, aggregare, aggiornare e tenere traccia dei contenuti e relazioni i learner di oggi, o i learner per la vita, cioè tutti noi, creano e navigano un Web della Conoscenza. La tesi qui esplorata è che tutti oggi usano un Personal Web ma che pochi se ne sanno avvalere per una efficace gestione della conoscenza: perché per passare dal Personal Web al Personal Knowledge Environment (PKE) non bastano pochi click.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 10 No. 66 (2010)
Современное состояние исследований риска суицидального поведения личности
Creators: name: Кирилюк, Елена
Publisher: name: ООО Цифра
Year: 2023
Subjects: suicide
suicidal behaviour
causes of suicidal behaviour
suicide prevention
самоубийство
суицид
суицидальное поведение
причины суицидального поведения
профилактика суицида

description: Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 1 (127) 2023
A Spectroscopic Analysis of the Galactic Globular Cluster NGC 6273 (M19)
Creators: name: Johnson, Christian I.
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Pilachowski, Catherine A.
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Mateo, Mario
name: Bailey, John I.
name: Crane, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combined effort utilizing spectroscopy and photometry has revealed the existence of a new globular cluster class. These "anomalous" clusters, which we refer to as "iron-complex" clusters, are differentiated from normal clusters by exhibiting large (>0.10 dex) intrinsic metallicity dispersions, complex sub-giant branches, and correlated [Fe/H] and s-process enhancements. In order to further investigate this phenomenon, we have measured radial velocities and chemical abundances for red giant branch stars in the massive, but scarcely studied, globular cluster NGC 6273. The velocities and abundances were determined using high resolution (R~27,000) spectra obtained with the Michigan/Magellan Fiber System (M2FS) and MSpec spectrograph on the Magellan-Clay 6.5m telescope at Las Campanas Observatory. We find that NGC 6273 has an average heliocentric radial velocity of +144.49 km s^-1 (sigma=9.64 km s^-1) and an extended metallicity distribution ([Fe/H]=-1.80 to -1.30) composed of at least two distinct stellar populations. Although the two dominant populations have similar [Na/Fe], [Al/Fe], and [alpha/Fe] abundance patterns, the more metal-rich stars exhibit significant [La/Fe] enhancements. The [La/Eu] data indicate that the increase in [La/Fe] is due to almost pure s-process enrichment. A third more metal-rich population with low [X/Fe] ratios may also be present. Therefore, NGC 6273 joins clusters such as omega centauri, M 2, M 22, and NGC 5286 as a new class of iron-complex clusters exhibiting complicated star formation histories.
description: Accepted for Publication in The Astronomical Journal; 20 pages; 16 figures; 5 tables
The Place of Crimes against Humanity under the Ethiopian Legal System: A Reflection
Creators: name: Asgedom, Messay
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: Crimes against humanity are among the most heinous forms of
international crimes that shock the conscience of mankind. The international
community has sporadically prosecuted perpetrators of these crimes since the
aftermath of World War II and then after. Apart from international
prosecutions, different countries have enacted laws that penalize the
commission of such crimes. Some others have applied customary
international law to prosecute perpetrators of these crimes. Some years back,
Ethiopia has prosecuted former Derg officials for their alleged commission of
crimes against humanity. This author intends to explore the place of crimes
against humanity under the Ethiopian legal system. The paper begins with the
exposition of the concept of crimes against humanity and its constitutive
elements under customary international law. It then proceeds to specifically
explore the place of crimes against humanity under the Ethiopian legal
system. Finally the paper draws a conclusion.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 3 No 2 (2013): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Towards entanglement negativity of two disjoint intervals for a one dimensional free fermion
Creators: name: Coser, Andrea
name: Tonni, Erik
name: Calabrese, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the moments of the partial transpose of the reduced density matrix of two intervals for the free massless Dirac fermion. By means of a direct calculation based on coherent state path integral, we find an analytic form for these moments in terms of the Riemann theta function. We show that the moments of arbitrary order are equal to the same quantities for the compactified boson at the self-dual point. These equalities imply the non trivial result that also the negativity of the free fermion and the self-dual boson are equal.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures
Power dissipation and electrical breakdown in black phosphorus
Creators: name: Engel, Michael
name: Steiner, Mathias
name: Han, Shu-Jen
name: Avouris, Phaedon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report operating temperatures and heating coefficients measured in a multi-layer black phosphorus device as a function of injected electrical power. By combining micro-Raman spectroscopy and electrical transport measurements, we have observed a linear temperature increase up to 600K at a power dissipation rate of 0.896Kμm^3/mW. By further increasing the bias voltage, we determined the threshold power and temperature for electrical breakdown and analyzed the fracture in the black phosphorus layer that caused the device failure by means of scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The results will benefit the research and development of electronics and optoelectronics based on novel two-dimensional materials.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Engineered plasmids : uncovering lost histories and improving annotation
Creators: name: McGuffie, Matthew James
name: 0000-0002-2903-4154
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Engineered plasmids
Synthetic biology
Plasmid annotation
Engineered DNA annotation

description: Engineered plasmids are a fundamental tool in many biological disciplines. They are the primary workhorses for molecular cloning, protein expression, genetic engineering, and more. Their utility stems from the fact that they are relatively easy to build using a standard set of well-understood DNA sequences. However, since engineered plasmids are created by scientists, they may contain artifacts from their construction histories that affect their functions in unexpected ways. Furthermore, engineered plasmids tend to receive less attention regarding the evolutionary pressures they face, compared to natural DNA sequences. In particular, the backbones of these plasmids, containing origins of replication and selection markers, are typically assumed to be immutable or at least tolerant of mutations. Nonetheless, engineered plasmids are subject to the same evolutionary forces that shape all DNA replicating within a cell, meaning that they will be subject to selection and may accrue mutations that affect their function, especially if doing so improves the fitness of the host cell. In Chapter 1 I reflect on the history of engineered plasmids and the inherent conflicts between engineered plasmids and their host bacteria. In Chapter 2 I describe pLannotate, a webserver and command line tool that is designed specifically for annotating engineered DNA and plasmids. I use this tool to demonstrate that most engineered plasmids contain fragments of functional genetic elements that are hidden relics from their construction histories. In Chapter 3 I develop a method for identifying variants of common functional elements used in engineered plasmids that likely arose multiple times independently by convergent engineering or evolution. I compile a list of hundreds of these undocumented variants and others that are found in plasmids from many labs. In Chapter 4 I analyze the ColE1 origin of replication, which is the most common functional element in engineered plasmids for evidence of unintended evolution. I show that a majority of convergent ColE1 variants have significantly altered copy numbers, which could be due to selection to reduce burden in some cases. In Chapter 5 I summarize lessons from each of the previous chapters, discuss caveats, and offer suggestions for future research in these areas.
Characterising and Testing Deep UV LEDs for Use in Space Applications
Creators: name: Hollington, D.
name: Baird, J. T.
name: Sumner, T. J.
name: Wass, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep ultraviolet (DUV) light sources are used to neutralise isolated test masses in highly sensitive space-based gravitational experiments. An example is the LISA Pathfinder charge management system, which uses low-pressure mercury lamps. A future gravitational-wave observatory such as eLISA will use UV light-emitting diodes (UV LEDs), which offer numerous advantages over traditional discharge lamps. Such devices have limited space heritage but are are now available from a number of commercial suppliers. Here we report on a test campaign that was carried out to quantify the general properties of three types of commercially available UV LEDs and demonstrate their suitability for use in space. Testing included general electrical and UV output measurements, spectral stability, pulsed performance, temperature dependence as well as thermal vacuum, radiation and vibration survivability.
A Study of the Relationship between Maternal Education and the Risk of Under-Five Child Mortality in Colombia
Creators: name: Brittingham, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Objectives: This paper assesses the extent to which maternal education is associated with under-five mortality in Colombia. Analysis of timing of child death provides insight as to which ages of death are most affected by maternal education. Methods: The 2010 Demographic and Health Survey for Colombia provided a dataset exceeding 17,000 children and infants. Binary logistic regression measures the crude and adjusted relationship between maternal education and child mortality. Nested models control for wealth, urban-rural residence, cesarean delivery, and age at first marriage. Results: Key findings are that children of women with primary education experience a crude odds ratio of survival of 2.3 (95% CI: 1.1, 4.5) compared to the referent group of children of women with no education. Children of women with secondary education have 3.3 odds of survival (95% CI: 1.6, 6.6) and children of women with higher education have 3.6 (95% CI: 1.7, 7.7) odds of survival compared to children of women with no education. A strong association between education and child survival is sustained with the introduction of controls, reducing the adjusted odds (AOR) for children of mothers with primary education to 2.2 (95% CI: 1.1, 4.3), for children of mothers with secondary education to 2.8 (95% CI: 1.4, 5.8) and to 2.6 (95% CI: 1.1, 6.2) for children of women with higher education. Conclusions: In Colombia, maternal education has a clear association with levels of child mortality and age of death, both of which decrease with more advanced levels of maternal education. Resources aiming to decrease child mortality should be dedicated in part to increasing levels of education among mothers. Effective child health services should be scaled up and targeted to women with lower levels of education and higher ages of death. Keywords: Child mortality, child death, under-five death, under-five mortality, maternal education, primary education, MDG 2, universal primary education, secondary education
Association of opioid-related overdose when using gabapentinoids with opioids in the inpatient setting : a retrospective case-control study
Creators: name: Humpert, Shelby Ruth
name: 0000-0003-2245-5973
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gabapentinoid
Gabapentin
Pregabalin
Opioid overdose
Over-sedation
Inpatient

description: Purpose: To compare the association of opioid-related overdose (ORO) in the inpatient setting in patients receiving opioids plus gabapentinoids versus opioids alone, indicated by naloxone administration. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study of adults admitted to a large community hospital from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2021, an equivalent number of cases (defined as patients who received naloxone more than 24 hours after admission) and controls (defined as patients on opioids who did not receive naloxone) were selected. The primary outcome was the percentage of cases and controls with concomitant inpatient gabapentinoid use. Logistic regression was performed to determine the independent association between gabapentinoids and ORO. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar between the 144 cases and 144 controls. Gabapentinoid exposure was greater for cases than controls (34.0% vs. 20.8%, p=0.0118). Median hospital length of stay (11 days versus 4 days, p<0.0001) and mortality (19% vs. 5%; p=0.0018) were also higher for cases. In logistic regression analysis, ORO as evidenced by naloxone administration (adjusted OR 4.91; 95% CI 1.86-12.96) and serotonergic medication exposure (adjusted OR 4.31; 95% CI 1.50-12.38) were significantly associated with gabapentinoid use. Conclusion: Concomitant gabapentinoid use with opioids was associated with increased ORO in the inpatient setting. When considering prescribing gabapentinoids in conjunction with opioids in the hospital setting, potential benefits should be weighed against increased overdose risk.
Power of Taxation over Income of Employees of Public Enterprises Owned by the Federal Government of Ethiopia: A Case Comment
Creators: name: Ashagre, Aschalew Byness
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: According to the Amharic version of Article 96(3) of the FDRE
Constitution,8 the Federal Government of Ethiopia has the power to levy and
collect income tax on employees of the public enterprises it owns. Despite
this, there are sometimes misunderstandings regarding the message conveyed
 by this article, probably due to the fact that there is no parity between the
Amharic and the English versions of this provision. Such a misunderstanding
manifested itself in a case that cropped up between Fidelitu Woreda
Finance, Economic Development and Revenue Office, Liben Zone, Somali
Regional State9 (hereinafter cited as the respondent) and the Federal Water
Works Construction Enterprise (a public enterprise hereinafter cited as the
applicant), owned by the Federal Government of Ethiopia. In this case, courts
of all levels10 in the Somali Region decided that income tax collected from the
employees of this enterprise belonged to the Somali National Regional State.
The case was finally submitted to the Cassation Division of the Federal
Supreme Court of Ethiopia (hereinafter cited as the Cassation Division),
which reversed the decisions of the regional courts. As we will see below, the
Cassation Division handed down a correct and acceptable decision, supported
by the relevant provisions of the FDRE Constitution.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 3 No 2 (2013): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Dynamics of fully coupled rotators with unimodal and bimodal frequency distribution
Creators: name: Olmi, Simona
name: Torcini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the synchronization transition of a globally coupled network of N phase oscillators with inertia (rotators) whose natural frequencies are unimodally or bimodally distributed. In the unimodal case, the system exhibits a discontinuous hysteretic transition from an incoherent to a partially synchronized (PS) state. For sufficiently large inertia, the system reveals the coexistence of a PS state and of a standing wave (SW) solution. In the bimodal case, the hysteretic synchronization transition involves several states. Namely, the system becomes coherent passing through traveling waves (TWs), SWs and finally arriving to a PS regime. The transition to the PS state from the SW occurs always at the same coupling, independently of the system size, while its value increases linearly with the inertia. On the other hand the critical coupling required to observe TWs and SWs increases with N suggesting that in the thermodynamic limit the transition from incoherence to PS will occur without any intermediate states. Finally a linear stability analysis reveals that the system is hysteretic not only at the level of macroscopic indicators, but also microscopically as verified by measuring the maximal Lyapunov exponent.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, contribution for the book: Control of Self-Organizing Nonlinear Systems, Springer Series in Energetics, eds E. Schoell, S.H.L. Klapp, P. Hoevel
A new fundamental solution for a class of differential Riccati equations
Creators: name: Dower, Peter M.
name: Zhang, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A class of differential Riccati equations (DREs) is considered whereby the evolution of any solution can be identified with the propagation of a value function of a corresponding optimal control problem arising in L2-gain analysis. By exploiting the semigroup properties inherited from the attendant dynamic programming principle, a max-plus primal space fundamental solution semigroup of max-plus linear max-plus integral operators is developed that encapsulates all such value function propagations. Using this semigroup, a new one-parameter fundamental solution semigroup of matrices is developed for the aforementioned class of DREs. It is demonstrated that this new semigroup can be used to compute particular solutions of these DREs, and to characterize finite escape times (should they exist) in a relatively simple way compared with that provided by the standard symplectic fundamental solution semigroup.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Soggetto, Gruppo, Network, Collettivo: le diverse dimensioni della rete e l’apprendimento
Creators: name: Fini, Antonio
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: L’articolo intende fornire una introduzione allo studio delle dinamiche dell’interazione sociale in rete, viste attraverso le diverse dimensioni del soggetto, ovvero della persona che utilizza le opportunità espressive e comunicative offerte dalle tecnologie per affermare e rafforzare la propria identità; del gruppo, già ben nota entità che in rete trova nuove modalità operative; del network, livello oggi molto enfatizzato dal boom dei sistemi di social networking, per giungere al collettivo: il grande spazio informativo e comunicativo offerto dai multiformi servizi del web 2.0.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 10 No. 67 (2010)
title: Д. Г. Мессершмидт — ботаник
Creators: name: Сытин, А. К.
Publisher: name: Реноме
Year: 2023

description: Результаты исследования растительного покрова Cеверной Азии, проведенного Д. Г. Мессершмидтом, анализируются по путевым дневникам, сочинению «Sibiria Perlustrata», а также работам его последователей — И. Аммана и П. С. Палласа. Д. Г. Мессершмидт фиксирует местонахождение вида (или элементов растительных сообществ), определяя географические координаты; с другой стороны, крупномасштабное распространение видов растений он связывает с положением основных сибирских рек. Последний метод способствовал дифференциации особого научного направления — фито­географии. Как систематик Д. Г. Мессершмидт опирается на известные ему образы видов европейской флоры, проецируя их на аналоги флоры Сибири. Не находя соответствий, он увеличивает таксономический ранг открытых им новых для науки видов до уровня родов, таковы роды Argusia (Tournefortia L.), Quadriencinata (Halenia Borkh.), Cymbaria (Cymbaria L.).
Access to Prenatal and Preconception Health in Washington State
Creators: name: Melvin, Kathryn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Background: Early and continuous prenatal care has long been considered the standard for optimizing positive birth outcomes. Yet infant mortality, low birth weight and preterm deliveries are still high in the United States. This inconsistency has led experts to reconsider the role of prenatal care by itself. Recently, public health and maternal-fetal experts are now recommending that prevention practices include early entrance into prenatal care, but also begin before prenatal care, in the preconception and interconception periods. Preconception care has been identified as a way to improve birth outcomes, by moving away from care centered on the intervals of pregnancy to that of providing high levels of care throughout a woman's life. In 2011, although an increasing number (72%) of pregnant women in the state of Washington entered prenatal care within the first trimester, disparities continue to exist in access to early prenatal care by age group, Medicaid status, and race/ethnicity. Also, while early prenatal care is improving overall, preterm birth and low birth weight have not declined in Washington since 2006. Preterm birth and low birth weight have remained at about 10% and 6% respectively, (Washington Vital Statistics 2009-2011). Preconception care could help close this gap. Despite the importance of preconception/interconception care, the state of Washington does not maintain consistent surveillance of preconception care access. The development of indicators of preconception care is a critical factor in developing long-term surveillance of progress toward implementation of preconception care. Methods: This report develops indicators to measure need for access to preconception care using data from the 2009-2011 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring Survey (PRAMS). Pre-pregnancy health seeking and risk behaviors were used to develop surveillance indicators for preconception care. In addition, a Preconception Health Index was created using variables known to contribute to preconception health. Results: This index shows only 7% of Washington women are in the highest level of preconception health, per the index. The Preconception Health Index also shows disparities across race/ethnicity, age, and Medicaid status. Conclusions: Interventions to increase women's access to care include removing financial obstacles and promoting culturally competent care.
Tra formale e informale: il blog come mediatore
Creators: name: Bruni, Filippo
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: L’individuazione di modalità che raccordino l’apprendimento formale con quello informale è un problema ancora aperto. Da questo punto di vista, la natura ibrida del blog, che media tra modalità tecnologicamente innovative e approcci tradizionali, offre possibilità ancora non pienamente valorizzate legate alla costruzione dell’identità tramite strategie narrative. Alcuni usi didattici del blog, ad esempio come knowledge management o come portfolio, sottolineano il legame tra formale e informale.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 10 No. 67 (2010)
Review of Judgments under the Ethiopian Civil Procedure Code: Where Should Litigation Stop?
Creators: name: Dessalegn, Beza
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2022

description: Review of judgments in civil litigation offers litigants a chance to have their
cases re-examined either by the court of rendition or by a court found at a higher
hierarchy than the court which rendered the judgment firsthand. This
undertaking tries to strike a delicate balance between the search for truth and
the need to bring litigation to an end. In engaging in any kind of interpretation
concerning the review of judgments, courts are required to balance these competing
interests. This article is a critical examination of the law on review of judgments
against the various interpretations of the Cassation Division. Although the
Cassation Division offers a novel approach in its efforts to bring consistency to
our legal system, it has however overstepped its authority from a law
interpreting organ to one of a law-making body in the binding interpretation it
gave on review of judgments based on newly discovered evidence.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 3 No 2 (2013): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Pratiche di comunità e di identità nel blog didattico
Creators: name: Pugliese, Annarita Celeste
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: Questo articolo intende esaminare le potenzialità didattiche dei blog nell’ambito concettuale offerto dal Modello della comunità virtuale di ricerca, basato sull’interazione di tre elementi fondamentali: presenza cognitiva, presenza sociale e presenza didattica. Recenti ricerche sul rapporto tra identificazione sociale e apprendimento mostrano come i due processi siano interrelati e implicati reciprocamente. I blog didattici ben rappresentano questo approccio, a causa delle loro specifiche caratteristiche in grado di generare conoscenza, ricerca collaborativa, pratiche condivise, appartenenza al gruppo, senso di comunità.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 10 No. 67 (2010)
Joint Reconstruction of Absorbed Optical Energy Density and Sound Speed Distribution in Photoacoustic Computed Tomography: A numerical Investigation
Creators: name: Huang, Chao
name: Wang, Kun
name: Schoonover, Robert W.
name: Wang, Lihong V.
name: Anastasio, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) is a rapidly emerging bioimaging modality that seeks to reconstruct an estimate of the absorbed optical energy density within an object. Conventional PACT image reconstruction methods assume a constant speed-of-sound (SOS), which can result in image artifacts when acoustic aberrations are significant. It has been demonstrated that incorporating knowledge of an object's SOS distribution into a PACT image reconstruction method can improve image quality. However, in many cases, the SOS distribution cannot be accurately and/or conveniently estimated prior to the PACT experiment. Because variations in the SOS distribution induce aberrations in the measured photoacoustic wavefields, certain information regarding an object's SOS distribution is encoded in the PACT measurement data. Based on this observation, a joint reconstruction (JR) problem has been proposed in which the SOS distribution is concurrently estimated along with the sought-after absorbed optical energy density from the photoacoustic measurement data. A broad understanding of the extent to which the JR problem can be accurately and reliably solved has not been reported. In this work, a series of numerical experiments is described that elucidate some important properties of the JR problem that pertain to its practical feasibility. To accomplish this, an optimization-based formulation of the JR problem is developed that yields a non-linear iterative algorithm that alternatingly updates the two image estimates. Heuristic analytic insights into the reconstruction problem are also provided. These results confirm the ill-conditioned nature of the joint reconstruction problem that will present significant challenges for practical applications.
description: 13 pages, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging
Metodo per lo studio delle dinamiche di rete di una blogoclasse
Creators: name: Formiconi, Andreas Robert
Publisher: name: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete
Year: 2013

description: Si descrivono alcuni aspetti tecnici relativi al metodo di insegnamento della blogoclasse. Con questo metodo si rinuncia al modello di insegnamento convenzionale basato su relazioni insegnante-studenti unidirezionali, caratterizzato da uno scarso grado di personalizzazione, centrato sulla figura dell’insegnante e dove gli studenti giocano un ruolo sostanzialmente passivo. In sintesi, la blogoclasse è una comunità di pratica e come tale essa richiede delle attenzioni particolari. Dal punto di vista tecnico, la blogoclasse si realizza mediante l’impiego di blog, feed syndication e qualche altro strumento web 2.0. Tutti gli studenti e il medesimo insegnante mantengono un blog che devono utilizzare nello svolgimento del corso. Poiché la blogoclasse è una cosa viva, è molto importante concepirla e osservarla come un tutto, in modo da farla crescere adeguatamente, concentrandosi in particolare sulle relazioni fra studenti e sulla sua natura di rete. In questo lavoro si discutono alcuni aspetti tecnici relativi al tracciamento delle attività e ai processi di rete che hanno luogo nella blogoclasse.
description: Form@re - Open Journal per la formazione in rete, Vol. 10 No. 67 (2010)