cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraining the ISM properties of the Cloverleaf quasar host galaxy with Herschel spectroscopy
Creators: name: Uzgil, Bade D.
name: Bradford, C. Matt
name: Hailey-Dunsheath, Steve
name: Maloney, Philip R.
name: Aguirre, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Herschel observations of far-infrared (FIR) fine-structure (FS) lines [CII]158$μ$m, [OI]63$μ$m, [OIII]52$μ$m, and [SiII]35$μ$m in the z=2.56 Cloverleaf quasar, and combine them with published data in an analysis of the dense interstellar medium (ISM) in this system. Observed [CII]158$μ$m, [OI]63$μ$m, and FIR continuum flux ratios are reproduced with photodissociation region (PDR) models characterized by moderate far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation fields $G_0=$ 0.3-1$\times10^3$ and atomic gas densities $n_{\rm H}=$ 3-5$\times10^3$ cm$^{-3}$, depending on contributions to [CII]158$μ$m from ionized gas. We assess the contribution to [CII]158$μ$m flux from an active galactic nucleus (AGN) narrow line region (NLR) using ground-based measurements of the [NII]122$μ$m transition, finding that the NLR can contribute at most 20-30% of the observed [CII]158$μ$m flux. The PDR density and far-UV radiation fields inferred from the atomic lines are not consistent with the CO emission, indicating that the molecular gas excitation is not solely provided via UV-heating from local star-formation, but requires an additional heating source. X-ray heating from the AGN is explored, and we find that X-ray dominated region (XDR) models, in combination with PDR models, can match the CO cooling without overproducing observed FS line emission. While this XDR/PDR solution is favored given the evidence for both X-rays and star-formation in the Cloverleaf, we also investigate alternatives for the warm molecular gas, finding that either mechanical heating via low-velocity shocks or an enhanced cosmic-ray ionization rate may also contribute. Finally, we include upper limits on two other measurements attempted in the Herschel program: [CII]158$μ$m in FSC~10214 and [OI]63$μ$m in APM~08279+5255.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Theory of Orbital Susceptibility in the Tight-Binding Model: Corrections to the Peierls Phase
Creators: name: Matsuura, Hiroyasu
name: Ogata, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extended formula for orbital susceptibility including corrections of the Peierls phase is introduced. By using the new developed formula, the orbital susceptibility of benzene is estimated analytically on the basis of the $π$ electron approximation. As a result, it is found that the orbital susceptibility is 1.2 times larger than that estimated only from the Peierls phase. The Coulomb interaction dependence of the orbital susceptibility of benzene is also discussed by using exact diagonalization. It is found that the absolute value of the orbital susceptibility decreases as the Coulomb interaction increases, while the ratio of the orbital susceptibility with and without the corrections of the Peierls phase increases. Finally, we discuss the orbital susceptibility of a single-band tight-binding model on a square lattice. We clarify that the correction of the Peierls phase is comparable to the Landau--Peierls orbital susceptibility and that it corresponds to the Fermi sea term.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Solution of deformed Einstein equations and quantum black holes
Creators: name: Dil, Emre
name: Kolay, Erdinc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently one and two-parameter deformed Einstein equations have been studied for extremal quantum black holes which have been proposed to obey deformed statistics by Strominger. In this study, we give a deeper insight to the deformed Einstein equations and consider the solutions of these equations for the extremal quantum black holes. We then represent the implications of the solutions, such that the deformation parameters lead the charged black holes to have a smaller mass than the usual Reissner-Nordström black holes. This reduction in mass of a usual black hole can be considered as a transition from classical to quantum black hole regime.
Iterates of systems of operators in spaces of $ω$-ultradifferentiable functions
Creators: name: Boiti, Chiara
name: Chaïli, Rachid
name: Mahrouz, Tayeb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given two systems $P=(P_j(D))_{j=1}^N$ and $Q=(Q_j(D))_{j=1}^M$ of linear partial differential operators with constant coefficients, we consider the spaces ${\mathcal E}_ω^P$ and ${\mathcal E}_ω^Q$ of $ω$-ultradifferentiable functions with respect to the iterates of the systems $P$ and $Q$ respectively. We find necessary and sufficient conditions, on the systems and on the weights $ω(t)$ and $σ(t)$, for the inclusion ${\mathcal E}_ω^P\subseteq{\mathcal E}_σ^Q$. As a consequence we have a generalization of the classical Theorem of the Iterates.
Effects of Domain Walls in Quantum Anomalous Hall Insulator/Superconductor Heterostructures
Creators: name: Chen, Chui-Zhen
name: He, James Jun
name: Xu, Dong-Hui
name: Law, K. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent experiment, half-quantized longitudinal conductance plateaus (HQCPs) of height $\frac{e^2}{2h}$ have been observed in quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulator/superconductor heterostructure transport measurements. It was predicted that these HQCPs are signatures of chiral Majorana edge states. The HQCPs are supposed to appear in the regimes where the Hall conductance $σ_{xy}$ is quantized. However, experimentally, a pair of the HQCPs appear when the Hall conductance $σ_{xy}$ is only 80% of the quantized value when dissipative channels appear in the bulk. The dissipative channels in the bulk are expected to induce Andreev reflections and ruin the HQCPs. In this work, we explain how domain walls can cause $σ_{xy}$ to deviate from its quantized value and at the same time maintain the quantization of HQCPs. Our work supports the claim that the experimentally observed HQCPs are indeed caused by chiral Majorana modes in the QAH insulator/superconductor heterostructure.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Comments are welcome
The System of Molecular Clouds in the Gould Belt
Creators: name: Bobylev, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on high-latitude molecular clouds with highly accurate distance estimates taken from the literature, we have redetermined the parameters of their spatial orientation. This system can be approximated by a 350x235x140 pc ellipsoid inclined by the angle i=17+/-2 degrees to the Galactic plane with the longitude of the ascending node lΩ=337+/-1 degrees. Based on the radial velocities of the clouds, we have found their group velocity relative to the Sun to be (u0,v0,w0) = (10.6,18.2,6.8)+/-(0.9,1.7,1.5) km/s. The trajectory of the center of the molecular cloud system in the past in a time interval of ~60 Myr has been constructed. Using data on masers associated with low-mass protostars, we have calculated the space velocities of the molecular complexes in Orion, Taurus, Perseus, and Ophiuchus. Their motion in the past is shown to be not random.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
title: Manchester's 1828 Musical Festival: Provenance, Planning and Performance
Creators: name: Busk, Michael John
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: During the final three decades of the eighteenth century, Manchester, along with many other towns and cities, was host to periodic musical festivals. These festivals, frequently spread over three days, usually consisted of concerts of sacred music in the late mornings followed by miscellaneous, mainly secular, concerts in the evenings, and often incorporated an assembly or ball on one or more of the evenings. In Manchester such festivals were organised by members of the Gentlemen’s Concert, an elite music society. Despite a downturn in the frequency of these festivals during more than twenty years of wars with France, there was a resurgence almost everywhere after 1814, but not in Manchester until 1828. This thesis examines possible causes for this extended hiatus in the musical life of Manchester and postulates a new cause-and-effect argument for why it occurred. The second major thread of the thesis, occupying the greater portion of the narrative, is a detailed examination of how a cohort of Manchester townsfolk organised the town’s first musical festival of the nineteenth century in 1828. This examination shows that the people who made all the necessary arrangements for the festival were generally also engaged in business of some form in the town, but the gentlemen they invited to be nominated as patrons generally came from beyond the town’s boundaries. An analysis of the full concert programme for Manchester’s festival shows that it is largely independent of programmes performed elsewhere (Derby and York) in the same year, whilst retaining a predominantly conservative approach to repertoire. Finally the adaptation of various premises for use in the festival is examined, and the fancy-dress ball, held at the end of the festival week, is shown to have been greater than any that preceded it, anywhere in Europe.
Measuring nonlinear stresses generated by defects in 3D colloidal crystals
Creators: name: Lin, Neil Y. C.
name: Bierbaum, Matthew
name: Schall, Peter
name: Sethna, James P.
name: Cohen, Itai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanical, structural and functional properties of crystals are determined by their defects and the distribution of stresses surrounding these defects has broad implications for the understanding of transport phenomena. When the defect density rises to levels routinely found in real-world materials, transport is governed by local stresses that are predominantly nonlinear. Such stress fields however, cannot be measured using conventional bulk and local measurement techniques. Here, we report direct and spatially resolved experimental measurements of the nonlinear stresses surrounding colloidal crystalline defect cores, and show that the stresses at vacancy cores generate attractive interactions between them. We also directly visualize the softening of crystalline regions surrounding dislocation cores, and find that stress fluctuations in quiescent polycrystals are uniformly distributed rather than localized at grain boundaries, as is the case in strained atomic polycrystals. Nonlinear stress measurements have important implications for strain hardening, yield, and fatigue.
description: in Nature Materials (2016)
A naturally stable Sagnac-Michelson nonlinear interferometer
Creators: name: Lukens, Joseph M.
name: Peters, Nicholas A.
name: Pooser, Raphael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interferometers measure a wide variety of dynamic processes by converting a phase change into an intensity change. Nonlinear interferometers, making use of nonlinear media in lieu of beamsplitters, promise substantial improvement in the quest to reach the ultimate sensitivity limits. Here we demonstrate a new nonlinear interferometer utilizing a single parametric amplifier for mode mixing---conceptually, a nonlinear version of the conventional Michelson interferometer with its arms collapsed together. We observe up to 99.9\% interference visibility and find evidence for noise reduction based on phase-sensitive gain. Our configuration utilizes fewer components than previous demonstrations and requires no active stabilization, offering new capabilities for practical nonlinear interferometric-based sensors.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Optics Letters
V4743 Sgr, a magnetic nova?
Creators: name: Zemko, P.
name: Orio, M.
name: Mukai, K.
name: Bianchini, A.
name: Ciroi, S.
name: Cracco, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two XMM Newton observations of Nova V4743 Sgr (Nova Sgr 2002) were performed shortly after it returned to quiescence, 2 and 3.5 years after the explosion. The X-ray light curves revealed a modulation with a frequency of ~0.75 mHz, indicating that V4743 Sgr is most probably an intermediate polar (IP). The X-ray spectra have characteristics in common with known IPs, with a hard thermal plasma component that can be fitted only assuming a partially covering absorber. In 2004 the X-ray spectrum had also a supersoft blackbody-like component, whose temperature was close to that of the white dwarf (WD) in the supersoft X-ray phase following the outburst, but with flux by at least two orders of magnitude lower. In quiescent IPs, a soft X-ray flux component originates at times in the polar regions irradiated by an accretion column, but the supersoft component of V4743 Sgr disappeared in 2006, indicating a possible origin different from accretion. We suggest that it may have been due to an atmospheric temperature gradient on the WD surface, or to continuing localized thermonuclear burning at the bottom of the envelope, before complete turn-off. An optical spectrum obtained with SALT 11.5 years after the outburst showed a prominent He II 4686A line and the Bowen blend, which reveal a very hot region, but with peak temperature shifted to the ultraviolet (UV) range. V4743 Sgr is the third post-outburst nova and IP candidate showing a low-luminosity supersoft component in the X-ray flux a few years after the outburst.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Excited-state quantum phase transition in the Rabi model
Creators: name: Puebla, Ricardo
name: Hwang, Myung-Joong
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Rabi model, a two-level atom coupled to a harmonic oscillator, can undergo a second-order quantum phase transition (QPT) [M. -J. Hwang et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 180404 (2015)]. Here we show that the Rabi QPT accompanies critical behavior in the higher energy excited states, i.e., the excited-state QPT (ESQPT). We derive analytic expressions for the semiclassical density of states, which shows a logarithmic divergence at a critical energy eigenvalue in the broken symmetry (superradiant) phase. Moreover, we find that the logarithmic singularities in the density of states leads to singularities in the relevant observables in the system such as photon number and atomic polarization. We corroborate our analytical semiclassical prediction of the ESQPT in the Rabi model with its numerically exact quantum mechanical solution.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Constituent counting rule for exclusive production of heavy quarkoniumlike exotic resonance and a light hadron
Creators: name: Voloshin, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exclusive processes are considered, where a point-like source of heavy quark-antiquark pairs $Q \bar Q$, e.g. their electromagnetic current, produces a pair consisting of a heavy quarkoniumlike exotic meson (tetraquark) or baryon (pentaquark) and a light meson or an antibaryon. For a sufficiently large mass of the heavy quark $m_Q$ there is a range of the energy $E$ above the $Q \bar Q$ threshold, where $E \ll m_Q$ and still the energy is large compared to the strong interaction scale, $E \gg Λ_{QCD}$. It is shown that in this energy range, where the heavy quarks are nonrelelativistic, a specific `intermediate asymptotic' behavior sets in determined by the number $n$ of the pairs of constituent quarks, with the rate scaling as $E^{1-n}$.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Formation of the helium EUV resonance lines
Creators: name: Golding, Thomas Peter
name: Leenaarts, Jorrit
name: Carlsson, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: While classical models successfully reproduce intensities of many transition region lines, they predict helium EUV line intensities roughly an order of magnitude lower than the observed value. Aims: To determine the relevant formation mechanism(s) of the helium EUV resonance lines, capable of explaining the high intensities under quiet sun conditions. Methods: We synthesise and study the emergent spectra from a 3D radiation-magnetohydrodynamics simulation model. The effects of coronal illumination and non-equilibrium ionisation of hydrogen and helium are included self-consistently in the numerical simulation. Results: Radiative transfer calculations result in helium EUV line intensities that are an order of magnitude larger than the intensities calculated under the classical assumptions. The enhanced intensity of He I 584 is primarily caused by He II recombination cascades. The enhanced intensity of He II 304 and He II 256 is caused primarily by non-equilibrium helium ionisation. Conclusion: The analysis shows that the long standing problem of the high helium EUV line intensities disappears when taking into account optically thick radiative transfer and non-equilibrium ionisation effects.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Missing Fe: hydrogenated iron nanoparticles
Creators: name: Bilalbegovic, G.
name: Maksimovic, A.
name: Mohacek-Grosev, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although it was found that the FeH lines exist in the spectra of some stars, none of the spectral features in the ISM have been assigned to this molecule. We suggest that iron atoms interact with hydrogen and produce Fe-H nanoparticles which sometimes contain many H atoms. We calculate infrared spectra of hydrogenated iron nanoparticles using density functional theory methods and find broad, overlapping bands. Desorption of H2 could induce spinning of these small Fe-H dust grains. Some of hydrogenated iron nanoparticles posses magnetic and electric moments and should interact with electromagnetic fields in the ISM. Fe_nH_m nanoparticles could contribute to the polarization of the ISM and the anomalous microwave emission. We discuss the conditions required to form FeH and Fe_nH_m in the ISM.
description: accepted for publications in MNRAS Letters
Frustrated double and single ionization in a two-electron triatomic molecule H$^+_3$
Creators: name: Chen, A.
name: Lazarou, C.
name: Price, H.
name: Emmanouilidou, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a semi-classical model, we study the formation of highly excited neutral fragments during the fragmentation of $\mathrm{H_3^+}$, a two-electron triatomic molecule, driven by an intense near-IR laser field. To do so, we first formulate a microcanonical distribution for arbitrary one-electron triatomic molecules. We then study frustrated double and single ionization in strongly-driven $\mathrm{H_3^+}$ and compute the kinetic energy release of the nuclei for these two processes. Moreover, we investigate the dependence of frustrated ionization on the strength of the laser field as well as on the geometry of the initial molecular state.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1511.05455
Supplementary material to World Mycotoxin Journal WMJ20222806:Biodegradation of aflatoxin B1 by Aspergillus terreus HNGD-TM15 and its degradation mechanism
Creators: name: Wu, T.
name: Ning, M.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Xie, Y.
name: Li, Q.
name: Sun, S.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300605
subject: Food safety, traceability, certification and authenticity

description: The Aspergillus terreus strain HNGD-TM15 that was isolated from soil grown with rosemary was shown to efficiently degrade aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Specifically, AFB1 was degraded by the strain’s fermentation broth at a maximum degradation rate of 98.3%. HPLC and LC-MS analyses detected a degradation product with an m/z ion value of 312.0636. Its molecular formula was C18H39NO3, which was tentatively identified as 2-amino-1, 3,4-octadecatriol. Based on LC-MS results and further analysis, it was revealed that a series of reactions, such as decomposition, reduction (lactone ring hydrogenation) and substitution (hydrolysis), occurred during the degradation of AFB1. Therefore, A. terreus HNGD-TM15 has a great potential for application in the detoxification of AFB1 contaminating food and feed products.
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to paired $B_c$ production in $e^+e^-$ annihilation
Creators: name: Berezhnoy, A. V.
name: Likhoded, A. K.
name: Onishchenko, A. I.
name: Poslavsky, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical analysis of paired $B_c$ mesons production in $e^+e^-$ annihilation at different energy scales taking into account full next-to-leading order QCD corrections. Both possible electroweak channels are considered: production via virtual photon and via virtual $Z$-boson. We study in detail the role of radiative QCD corrections, which were found to be significant especially at low energies. It is shown that the contribution from $Z$-boson is significant at high energies ($\sqrt{s} > M_Z/2$) especially in the case of paired production of pseudo-scalar and vector ($B_c + B_c^*$) mesons. Azimuthal asymmetry induced by a $P$-violating weak interaction with $Z$-boson is also analyzed.
Conductivity fluctuations in proton-implanted ZnO microwires
Creators: name: Dolgin, B.
name: Lorite, I.
name: Kumar, Y.
name: Esquinazi, P.
name: Jung, G.
name: Straube, B.
name: de Heluani, S. Perez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric noise can be an important limitation for applications of conducting elements of size in the nanometer range. The intrinsic electrical noise of prospective materials for opto-spintronics applications like ZnO has not been characterized yet. In this study we have investigated the conductivity fluctuations in 10~nm thick current paths produced by proton implantation of ZnO microwires at room temperature. The voltage noise under a constant dc current bias in undoped as well as in Li-doped microwires is characterized by $1/f^a$ power spectra with $a \sim 1$. The noise intensity scales with the square of the bias current pointing out to bias-independent resistivity fluctuations as a source of the observed noise. The normalized power spectral density appears inversely proportional to the number of carriers in the probed sample volume, in agreement with the phenomenological Hooge law. For the proton-implanted ZnO microwire and at 1~Hz we obtain a normalized power spectral density as low as $\sim 10^{-11}~$Hz$^{-1}$.
description: 10 pages,3 figures to be published in Nanotechnology (2016)
Organizational Ripple Effects: A Scoping Review Protocol of Managerially Driven Spillovers
Creators: name: Tsatsoulis, Apostolos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Business and management
subject: Entrepreneurship

description: Spillover effects reflect the unintended impact of actions, decisions, and behaviour. Although these phenomena have received broad scholarly attention due to their frequency and wide-ranging consequences on individuals, teams and organizations, spillover effects remain an ill-defined concept and the literature is fragmented across various management disciplines. This scoping review aims to demystify the landscape of managerially initiated spillover effects on the cognition, emotions, attitudes, and behaviours of intraorganizational stakeholders.
Particle Scattering off of Right-Handed Dispersive Waves
Creators: name: Schreiner, Cedric
name: Kilian, Patrick
name: Spanier, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant scattering of fast particles off low frequency plasma waves is a major process determining transport characteristics of energetic particles in the heliosphere and contributing to their acceleration. Usually, only Alfvén waves are considered for this process, although dispersive waves are also present throughout the heliosphere. We investigate resonant interaction of energetic electrons with dispersive, right-handed waves. For the interaction of particles and a single wave a variable transformation into the rest frame of the wave can be performed. Here, wellestablished analytic models derived in the framework of magnetostatic quasi-linear theory (QLT) can be used as a reference to validate simulation results. However, this approach fails as soon as several dispersive waves are involved. Based on analytic solutions modeling the scattering amplitude in the magnetostatic limit, we present an approach to modify these equations for the use in the plasma frame. Thereby we aim at a description of particle scattering in the presence of several waves. A Particle-in-Cell (PiC) code is employed to study wave-particle scattering on a micro-physically correct level and to test the modified model equations. We investigate the interactions of electrons at different energies (from 1 keV to 1 MeV) and right-handed waves with various amplitudes. Differences between model and simulation arise in the case of high amplitudes or several waves. Analyzing the trajectories of single particles we find no microscopic diffusion in the case of a single plasma wave, although a broadening of the particle distribution can be observed.
description: 44 pages, 11 figures, accepted by ApJS
Liquid-grain mixing suppresses droplet spreading and splashing during impact
Creators: name: Zhao, Song-Chuan
name: de Jong, Rianne
name: van der Meer, Devaraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Would a raindrop impacting on a coarse beach behave differently from that impacting on a desert of fine sand? We study this question by a series of model experiments, where the packing density of the granular target, the wettability of individual grains, the grain size, the impacting liquid, and the impact speed are varied. We find that by increasing the grain size and/or the wettability of individual grains the maximum droplet spreading undergoes a transition from a capillary regime towards a viscous regime, and splashing is suppressed. The liquid-grain mixing is discovered to be the underlying mechanism. An effective viscosity is defined accordingly to quantitatively explain the observations.
Thermal Structure and Burning Velocity of Flames in Non-volatile Fuel Suspensions
Creators: name: Soo, Michael J.
name: Kumashiro, Keishi
name: Goroshin, Samuel
name: Frost, David L.
name: Bergthorson, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flame propagation through a non-volatile solid-fuel suspension is studied using a simplified, time-dependent numerical model that considers the influence of both diffusional and kinetic rates on the particle combustion process. It is assumed that particles react via a single-step, first-order Arrhenius surface reaction with an oxidizer delivered to the particle surface through gas diffusion. Unlike the majority of models previously developed for flames in suspensions, no external parameters are imposed, such as particle ignition temperature, combustion time, or the assumption of either kinetic- or diffusion-limited particle combustion regimes. Instead, it is demonstrated that these parameters are characteristic values of the flame propagation problem that must be solved together with the burning velocity, and that the a priori imposition of these parameters from single-particle combustion data may result in erroneous predictions. It is also shown that both diffusive and kinetic reaction regimes can alternate within the same flame and that their interaction may result in non-trivial flame behavior. In fuel-lean mixtures, it is demonstrated that this interaction leads to certain particle size ranges where burning velocity increases with increasing particle size, opposite to the expected trend. For even leaner mixtures, the interplay between kinetic and diffusive reaction rates leads to the appearance of a new type of flame instability where kinetic and diffusive regimes alternate in time, resulting in a pulsating regime of flame propagation.
description: Published online in the Proceedings of the Combustion Institute
Screening three-form fields
Creators: name: Barreiro, Tiago
name: Bertello, Ugo
name: Nunes, Nelson J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Screening mechanisms for a three-form field around a dense source such as the Sun are investigated. Working with the dual vector, we can obtain a thin-shell where field interactions are short range. The field outside the source adopts the configuration of a dipole which is a manifestly distinct behaviour from the one obtained with a scalar field or even a previously proposed vector field model. We identify the region of parameter space where this model satisfies present solar system tests.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A public health message on tobacco smoking from New Zealand
Creators: name: Lange, Klaus W.
Publisher: name: Journal of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
Year: 2023

description: Tobacco smoking is the leading cause of preventable death and disease worldwide. New Zealand has taken a leading role in controlling tobacco smoking for many years and has now adopted a more radical tobacco control strategy. The new Smokefree Aotearoa 2025 Action Plan will be the most comprehensive anti-tobacco policy in history and could make New Zealand the first country in the world to achieve smoke-free status, defined as an adult smoking rate of no more than 5%. The new policies restricting the availability of tobacco, reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes, and eventually prohibiting the sale of tobacco may lead to less smoking, less nicotine dependence and improved public health. Moreover, new legislation implementing the policy could reduce health inequities between ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Electronic cigarettes are the most common tobacco product used by youths. However, the replacement of smoking by vaping raises health concerns. While vaping is thought to be less harmful than smoking, it is not harmless. It exposes users to nicotine and toxicants, which can lead to addiction and harmful health effects. Public health action is needed to help young non-smokers to remain both smoke-free and vape-free. The tobacco endgame, aiming to permanently end rather than simply reduce the use of combustible tobacco, requires strong political will, since the influence of the tobacco industry is likely to delay any substantive action. Should New Zealand succeed in its large-scale experiment, it may set an example for public health systems worldwide.
description: Journal of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Vol. 7 (2023)
Les technologies du web sémantique pour l'exploration des données métabolomique.
Creators: name: Allard, Pierre-Marie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: natural products
open science
semantic web
knowledge graphs
linked open data
metabolomics
DBGI
EMI

description: Slides of the talk given at CCCTA 2023 https://cccta.ch/journees-scientifiques-2023/ Les journées scientifiques 2023 auront lieu les 14 et 15 septembre. Le thème retenu cette année est :  ” BIOLOGIE-CHIMIE, l’entre deux mondes ”
Implications of gamma-ray observations on proton models of UHECR
Creators: name: Supanitsky, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) is still unknown. However, great progress has been achieved in past years due to the good quality and large statistics in experimental data collected by the current observatories. The data of the Pierre Auger Observatory show that the composition of the UHECRs becomes progressively lighter starting from $10^{17}$ eV up to $\sim 10^{18.3}$ eV and then, beyond that energy, it becomes increasingly heavier. These analyses are subject to important systematic uncertainties due to the use of hadronic interaction models that extrapolate lower energy accelerator data to the highest energies. Although proton models of UHECRs are disfavored by these results, they cannot be completely ruled out. It is well known that the energy spectra of gamma rays and neutrinos, produced during propagation of these very energetic particles through the intergalactic medium, are a useful tool to constrain the spectrum models. In particular, it has recently been shown that the neutrino upper limits obtained by IceCube challenge the proton models at 95% CL. In this work we study the constraints imposed by the extragalactic gamma-ray background, measured by Fermi-LAT, on proton models of UHECRs. In particular, we make use of the extragalactic gamma-ray background flux, integrated from 50 GeV to 2 TeV, that originates in point sources, which has recently been obtained by the Fermi-LAT collaboration, in combination with the neutrino upper limits, to constrain the emission of UHECRs at high redshits ($z>1$), in the context of the proton models.
The Cold Neutron Chopper Spectrometer at the Spallation Neutron Source - A Review of the first 8 Years of Operation
Creators: name: Ehlers, Georg
name: Podlesnyak, Andrey A.
name: Kolesnikov, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first eight years of operation of the Cold Neutron Chopper Spectrometer (CNCS) at the Spallation Neutron Source in Oak Ridge is being reviewed. The instrument has been part of the facility user program since 2009, and more than 250 individual user experiments have been performed to date. CNCS is an extremely powerful and versatile instrument and offers leading edge performance in terms of beam intensity, energy resolution, and flexibility to trade one for another. Experiments are being routinely performed with the sample at extreme conditions: T~0.05K, p>=2GPa and B=8T can be achieved individually or in combination. In particular, CNCS is in a position to advance the state of the art with inelastic neutron scattering under pressure, and some of the recent accomplishments in this area will be presented in more detail.
Viability of Variable Generalised Chaplygin gas - a thermodynamical approach
Creators: name: Panigrahi, D.
name: Chatterjee, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The viability of the variable generalised Chaplygin gas (VGCG) model is analysed from the standpoint of its thermodynamical stability criteria with the help of an equation of state, $P = - \frac{B}{ρ^α}$, where $B = B_{0}V^{-\frac{n}{3}}$. Here $B_{0}$ is assumed to be a positive universal constant, $n$ is a constant parameter and $V$ is the volume of the cosmic fluid. We get the interesting result that if the well-known stability conditions of a fluid is adhered to, the values of $n$ are constrained to be negative definite to make $ \left(\frac{\partial P}{\partial V}\right)_{S} <0$ \& $ \left(\frac{\partial P}{\partial V}\right)_{T} <0$ throughout the evolution. Moreover the positivity of thermal capacity at constant volume $c_{V}$ as also the validity of the third law of thermodynamics are ensured in this case. For the particular case $n = 0$ the effective equation of state reduces to $Λ$CDM model in the late stage of the universe while for $n <0$ it mimics a phantom-like cosmology which is in broad agreement with the present SNe Ia constraints like VGCG model. The thermal equation of state is discussed and the EoS parameter is found to be an explicit function of temperature only. Further for large volume the thermal equation of state parameter is identical with the caloric equation of state parameter when $ T \rightarrow 0$. It may also be mentioned that like Santos et al our model does not admit of any critical points. We also observe that although the earlier model of Lu explains many of the current observational findings of different probes it fails to explain the crucial tests of thermodynamical stability.
description: 16 Pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0902.1532 by other authors
Gravitational scattering, post-Minkowskian approximation and Effective One-Body theory
Creators: name: Damour, Thibault
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel approach to the Effective One-Body description of gravitationally interacting two-body systems is introduced. This approach is based on the post-Minkowskian approximation scheme (perturbation theory in G, without assuming small velocities), and employs a new dictionary focussing on the functional dependence of the scattering angle on the total energy and the total angular momentum of the system. Using this approach, we prove to all orders in v/c two results that were previously known to hold only to a limited post-Newtonian accuracy: (i) the relativistic gravitational dynamics of a two-body system is equivalent, at first post-Minkowskian order, to the relativistic dynamics of an effective test particle moving in a Schwarzschild metric; and (ii) this equivalence requires the existence of an exactly quadratic map between the real (relativistic) two-body energy and the (relativistic) energy of the effective particle. The same energy map is also shown to apply to the effective one-body description of two masses interacting via tensor-scalar gravity.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Reconstruction of weakly simple polygons from their edges
Creators: name: Akitaya, Hugo A.
name: Tóth, Csaba D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given $n$ line segments in the plane, do they form the edge set of a \emph{weakly simple polygon}; that is, can the segment endpoints be perturbed by at most $\varepsilon$, for any $\varepsilon>0$, to obtain a simple polygon? While the analogous question for \emph{simple polygons} can easily be answered in $O(n\log n)$ time, we show that it is NP-complete for weakly simple polygons. We give $O(n)$-time algorithms in two special cases: when all segments are collinear, or the segment endpoints are in general position. These results extend to the variant in which the segments are \emph{directed}, and the counterclockwise traversal of a polygon should follow the orientation. We study related problems for the case that the union of the $n$ input segments is connected. (i) If each segment can be subdivided into several segments, find the minimum number of subdivision points to form a weakly simple polygon. (ii) If new line segments can be added, find the minimum total length of new segments that creates a weakly simple polygon. We give worst-case upper and lower bounds for both problems.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. The first 12 pages will appear in the Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (December 12-14 2016, Sydney, Australia)
Two-Way Visibly Pushdown Automata and Transducers
Creators: name: Dartois, Luc
name: Filiot, Emmanuel
name: Reynier, Pierre-Alain
name: Talbot, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.3

description: Automata-logic connections are pillars of the theory of regular languages. Such connections are harder to obtain for transducers, but important results have been obtained recently for word-to-word transformations, showing that the three following models are equivalent: deterministic two-way transducers, monadic second-order (MSO) transducers, and deterministic one-way automata equipped with a finite number of registers. Nested words are words with a nesting structure, allowing to model unranked trees as their depth-first-search linearisations. In this paper, we consider transformations from nested words to words, allowing in particular to produce unranked trees if output words have a nesting structure. The model of visibly pushdown transducers allows to describe such transformations, and we propose a simple deterministic extension of this model with two-way moves that has the following properties: i) it is a simple computational model, that naturally has a good evaluation complexity; ii) it is expressive: it subsumes nested word-to-word MSO transducers, and the exact expressiveness of MSO transducers is recovered using a simple syntactic restriction; iii) it has good algorithmic/closure properties: the model is closed under composition with a unambiguous one-way letter-to-letter transducer which gives closure under regular look-around, and has a decidable equivalence problem.
Neutrino oscillations at DUNE with improved energy reconstruction
Creators: name: De Romeri, Valentina
name: Fernandez-Martinez, Enrique
name: Sorel, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the physics reach of the long-baseline oscillation analysis of the DUNE experiment when realistic simulations are used to estimate its neutrino energy reconstruction capabilities. Our studies indicate that significant improvements in energy resolution compared to what is customarily assumed are plausible. This improved energy resolution can increase the sensitivity to leptonic CP violation in two ways. On the one hand, the CP-violating term in the oscillation probability has a characteristic energy dependence that can be better reproduced. On the other hand, the second oscillation maximum, especially sensitive to $δ_{CP}$, is better reconstructed. These effects lead to a significant improvement in the fraction of values of $δ_{CP}$ for which a $5 σ$ discovery of leptonic CP-violation would be possible. The precision of the $δ_{CP}$ measurement could also be greatly enhanced, with a reduction of the maximum uncertainties from $26^\circ$ to $18^\circ$ for a 300~MW$\cdot$kt$\cdot$yr exposure. We therefore believe that this potential gain in physics reach merits further investigations of the detector performance achievable in DUNE.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Development of Hand Use with and Without Intensive Training Among Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy in Scandinavia
Creators: name: Klevberg, Gunvor L.
name: Zucknick, Manuela
name: Jahnsen, Reidun
name: Eliasson, Ann-Christin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: To describe hand use development in children with unilateral cerebral palsy who did/did not participate in constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) before 7 years of age. The study included 334 participants (18 months–12 years) who were assessed with 1,565 Assisting Hand Assessments (AHAs) and categorized into no intensive training (NIT), CIMT (18 months–7 years), and Baby-CIMT (<18 months) groups. AHA performance at 18 months (AHA-18) was positively associated with development regardless of training. The CIMT group had lower AHA-18 performance than the NIT group (p = .028), but higher stable limit (p = .076). The age when 90% of development was reached was highest in the CIMT group (p = .014). Although non-significant, the Baby-CIMT group had higher mean curve than NIT and CIMT combined (AHA-18 p = .459, limit p = .477). The CIMT group improved more over time than the NIT group. Intensive training extended the window of development, and Baby-CIMT might promote early development.
HD 240121 - an ACV variable showing anti-phase variations of the B and V light curves
Creators: name: Gröbel, Rainer
name: Hümmerich, Stefan
name: Paunzen, Ernst
name: Bernhard, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The variability of HD 240121 = BD+59 2602 was first suspected by Särg & Wramdemark (1970) and later confirmed by Gröbel (1992a,b). Because of the observed anti-phase variations of the B and V light curves, the latter author tentatively suggested an ACV type. Apart from its inclusion in the catalog of New Suspected Variables (NSV 25977), no further investigations of the star have been published. HD 240121 was included into our target list of ACV candidates and investigated in order to determine the reason for the observed brightness variations. All available information on HD 240121 were collected via an exhaustive data mining procedure. Data from Gröbel (1992a,b) were re-analysed and photometric observations from the NSVS and Hipparcos archives were procured and investigated. Line-of-sight reddening and stellar parameters were calculated from archival photometric data. HD 240121 is a young, late B-type CP2 star of the silicon subgroup. The observed period, amplitude of light variations and variability pattern (anti-phase variations) are typical of ACV variables. The occurrence of anti-phase variations of the B and V light curves is rarely observed and points to the existence of a null wavelength in the visual spectrum. We therefore strongly encourage further multi-colour photometric observations of this star.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures