cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ResVG: Enhancing Relation and Semantic Understanding in Multiple Instances for Visual Grounding
Creators: name: Zheng, Minghang
name: Zhang, Jiahua
name: Chen, Qingchao
name: Peng, Yuxin
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2

description: Visual grounding aims to localize the object referred to in an image based on a natural language query. Although progress has been made recently, accurately localizing target objects within multiple-instance distractions (multiple objects of the same category as the target) remains a significant challenge. Existing methods demonstrate a significant performance drop when there are multiple distractions in an image, indicating an insufficient understanding of the fine-grained semantics and spatial relationships between objects. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, the Relation and Semantic-sensitive Visual Grounding (ResVG) model, to address this issue. Firstly, we enhance the model's understanding of fine-grained semantics by injecting semantic prior information derived from text queries into the model. This is achieved by leveraging text-to-image generation models to produce images representing the semantic attributes of target objects described in queries. Secondly, we tackle the lack of training samples with multiple distractions by introducing a relation-sensitive data augmentation method. This method generates additional training data by synthesizing images containing multiple objects of the same category and pseudo queries based on their spatial relationships. The proposed ReSVG model significantly improves the model's ability to comprehend both object semantics and spatial relations, leading to enhanced performance in visual grounding tasks, particularly in scenarios with multiple-instance distractions. We conduct extensive experiments to validate the effectiveness of our methods on five datasets. Code is available at https://github.com/minghangz/ResVG.
description: Accepted by ACM MM 2024
The transverse momentum distribution of hadrons within jets
Creators: name: Kang, Zhong-Bo
name: Liu, Xiaohui
name: Ringer, Felix
name: Xing, Hongxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transverse momentum distribution of hadrons within jets, where the transverse momentum is defined with respect to the standard jet axis. We consider the case where the jet substructure measurement is performed for an inclusive jet sample $pp\to\text{jet}+X$. We demonstrate that this observable provides new opportunities to study transverse momentum dependent fragmentation functions (TMDFFs) which are currently poorly constrained from data, especially for gluons. The factorization of the cross section is obtained within Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET), and we show that the relevant TMDFFs are the same as for the more traditional processes semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) and electron-positron annihilation. Different than in SIDIS, the observable for the in-jet fragmentation does not depend on TMD parton distribution functions which allows for a cleaner and more direct probe of TMDFFs. We present numerical results and compare to available data from the LHC.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures, published version
Exploring Operational Flexibility of Active Distribution Networks with Low Observability
Creators: name: Chrysostomou, Demetris
name: Torres, Jose Luis Rueda
name: Cremer, Jochen Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Power electronic interfaced devices progressively enable the increasing provision of flexible operational actions in distribution networks. The feasible flexibility these devices can effectively provide requires estimation and quantification so the network operators can plan operations close to real-time. Existing approaches estimating the distribution network flexibility require the full observability of the system, meaning topological and state knowledge. However, the assumption of full observability is unrealistic and represents a barrier to system operators' adaptation. This paper proposes a definition of the distribution network flexibility problem that considers the limited observability in real-time operation. A critical review and assessment of the most prominent approaches are done based on the proposed definition. This assessment showcases the limitations and benefits of existing approaches for estimating flexibility with low observability. A case study on the CIGRE MV distribution system highlights the drawbacks brought by low observability.
description: This paper has been accepted to the IEEE Belgrade Powertech 2023. It has 6 pages, 4 figures, and 2 tables
Discs are born eccentric
Creators: name: Commerçon, Benoit
name: Lovascio, Francesco
name: Lynch, Elliot
name: Ragusa, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have begun probing the early phases of disc formation, but little data yet exists on disc structure and morphology of Class 0 objects. Using simulations, we are able to lay out predictions of disc morphologies expected in future surveys of young discs. Based on detailed simulations of ab initio star formation by core collapse, we predict that early discs must be eccentric. In this letter, we study the morphology and, in particular, the eccentricity of discs formed in non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) collapse simulations. We attempt to show that discs formed by cloud collapse are likely to be eccentric. We ran non-ideal MHD collapse simulations in the adaptive mesh refinement code RAMSES with radiative transfer. We used state-of-the-art analysis methods to measure the disc eccentricity. We find that despite no asymmetry in the initial conditions, the discs formed are eccentric, with eccentricities on the order of 0.1. These results may have important implications for protoplanetary disc dynamics and planet formation. The presence of eccentricity in young discs that is not seen at later stages of disc evolution is in tension with current viscous eccentricity damping models. This implies that there may be an as-yet undiscovered circularisation mechanism in circumstellar discs.
description: accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 7 pages, 8 figures
title: Core Size, Pricing, and Cost Structure
Creators: name: Edwards, William K.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1979

description: This thesis presents a proof of an inverse limit theorem of the core of an economy. The implication of the theorem is that a larger core can be obtained by the formation of coalitions. A large core contains multiple Pareto optimal allocations from which society may select in order to maximize its welfare. Furthermore, this paper places an emphasis on pricing schemes that guarantee a core allocation under increasing returns to scale. Two pricing models are introduced that guarantee a non-empty core under increasing returns to scale.
Evaluation of the in vitro schistosomicidal, leishmanicidal, and trypanocidal activities of the capsaicin metabolite, Capsicum frutescens, and Capsicum baccatum extracts and of their analysis of the main constituents by HPLC/UV and CG/MS
Creators: name: Martins, Sandra Vaz Soares
name: Britto, Angélica Cristina Coelho
name: Tozzati, Marcos Gomide
name: Magalhães, Lizandra Guidi
name: Andrade e Silva, Márcio Luis
name: Januário, Ana Helena
name: Pauletti, Patrícia Mendonça
name: Crotti, Antônio Eduardo Miller
name: dos Passos, Amanda Vargas
name: de Jesus, Ester Gonçalves
name: Peixoto, Amanda Diniz
name: dos Santos Medeiros, Gabriela
name: Santos, Mário F. C.
name: Cunha, Wilson Roberto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Neglected tropical diseases are significant causes of death and temporary or permanent disability for millions living in developing countries. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment for these diseases. Thus, this work aimed to conduct a chemical analysis using HPLC/UV and GC/MS to identify the major constituents of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Capsicum frutescens and Capsicum baccatum fruits, evaluating these extracts and their constituents’ schistosomicidal, leishmanicidal and trypanocidal activities. The results obtained for the extracts of C. frutescens are better when compared to those obtained for C. baccatum, which can be related to the different concentrations of capsaicin (1) present in the extracts. The lysis of trypomastigote forms results for capsaicin (1) led to a significant value of IC50 = 6.23 µM. Thus, the results point to capsaicin (1) as a possible active constituent in these extracts.
Equivalence of recurrence and Liouville property for symmetric Dirichlet forms
Creators: name: Kajino, Naotaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31C05, 31C25, 60J45

description: Given a symmetric Dirichlet form $(\mathcal{E},\mathcal{F})$ on a (non-trivial) $σ$-finite measure space $(E,\mathcal{B},m)$ with associated Markovian semigroup $\{T_{t}\}_{t\in(0,\infty)}$, we prove that $(\mathcal{E},\mathcal{F})$ is both irreducible and recurrent if and only if there is no non-constant $\mathcal{B}$-measurable function $u:E\to[0,\infty]$ that is \emph{$\mathcal{E}$-excessive}, i.e., such that $T_{t}u\leq u$ $m$-a.e.\ for any $t\in(0,\infty)$. We also prove that these conditions are equivalent to the equality $\{u\in\mathcal{F}_{e}\mid \mathcal{E}(u,u)=0\}=\mathbb{R}\mathbf{1}$, where $\mathcal{F}_{e}$ denotes the extended Dirichlet space associated with $(\mathcal{E},\mathcal{F})$. The proof is based on simple analytic arguments and requires no additional assumption on the state space or on the form. In the course of the proof we also present a characterization of the $\mathcal{E}$-excessiveness in terms of $\mathcal{F}_{e}$ and $\mathcal{E}$, which is valid for any symmetric positivity preserving form.
description: 9 pages; the numbering of mathematical statements and references has been modified in accordance with the journal version
Phytochemical screening and radioprotective potential of Jasminum grandiflorum methanol extract against gamma irradiation-induced oxidative damage and diverse inflammatory mediators in lungs of male Swiss Albino Rats
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Nehal
name: Eldahshan, Omayma A.
name: Elshawi, Omama E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Rising awareness about the ecological burden of agricultural by-products and their potential industrial and medicinal applications spurred the research of waste valorization. Egypt is a chief producer of jasmine oils. However, jasmine-dense foliage is an agricultural waste that merits exploitation. Herein, Jasminum grandiflorum leaves were profiled using UPLC-MS, revealing a promising phytochemical composition rich in secoiridoids. A good safety profile was confirmed in vitro on cancerous and normal cell lines and in vivo (LD50>4000mg/kg). The radioprotective effect of 3500 mg/kg jasmine leaves extract against irradiation-induced lung injury was demonstrated. Biochemical analysis indicated that jasmine extract decreased malondialdehyde level and enhanced the endogenous antioxidants GSH-Px, SOD and CAT levels. Jasmine alleviated the inflammatory response by downregulating the expression of COX-2 and iNOS and reducing the inflammatory mediators, TNF-α, IL-6, NO, and PGE2. Jasmine leaves offer interesting application prospects that add economic and industrial value to agricultural waste.
Exploring outputs from concatenated stochastic heat engines
Creators: name: Kumari, Aradhana
name: Marathe, Rahul
name: Lahiri, Sourabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent works on the concatenation of two simple heat engines have shown that it may lead to non-monotonic variations in the efficiency and power with parameters like driving amplitudes and asymmetries in cycle periods. Motivated by this study, we investigate the effect of the concatenation between two stochastic heat engines where colloidal particles have been trapped in harmonic potentials. The stiffness parameters of each engine are varied cyclically, but with different cycle periods, with a common thermal bath that acts as a sink for the first engine but as a source for the second. We consider two types of protocols, first where the trap strength undergoes sudden jumps, and the second where it varies linearly with time. In both we find several non-trivial effects, like the the non-monotonic functional dependence of the engine outputs on several parameters used in the setup. For a protocol that varies linearly with time, the concatenation leads to enhanced output power as compared to a single effective engine, in a suitable range of parameters. It has been shown that the output from the combined system shows a peak with respect to the asymmetry in cycle times of the engines that have been concatenated. A general relation of the efficiency of an arbitrary number of concatenated engines driven quasistatically has been provided.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures
PAM: Parallel Augmented Maps
Creators: name: Sun, Yihan
name: Ferizovic, Daniel
name: Blelloch, Guy E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ordered (key-value) maps are an important and widely-used data type for large-scale data processing frameworks. Beyond simple search, insertion and deletion, more advanced operations such as range extraction, filtering, and bulk updates form a critical part of these frameworks. We describe an interface for ordered maps that is augmented to support fast range queries and sums, and introduce a parallel and concurrent library called PAM (Parallel Augmented Maps) that implements the interface. The interface includes a wide variety of functions on augmented maps ranging from basic insertion and deletion to more interesting functions such as union, intersection, filtering, extracting ranges, splitting, and range-sums. We describe algorithms for these functions that are efficient both in theory and practice. As examples of the use of the interface and the performance of PAM, we apply the library to four applications: simple range sums, interval trees, 2D range trees, and ranked word index searching. The interface greatly simplifies the implementation of these data structures over direct implementations. Sequentially the code achieves performance that matches or exceeds existing libraries designed specially for a single application, and in parallel our implementation gets speedups ranging from 40 to 90 on 72 cores with 2-way hyperthreading.
Critical properties of the Majorana chain with competing interactions
Creators: name: Chepiga, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study critical properties of a Majorana chain in the presence of two competing interactions of the shortest possible range. The obtained phase diagram is very rich and contains nine different phases, including three floating, two Ising, and four gapped phases. In addition we report a wide variety of quantum phase transitions: the supersymmetric tri-critical Ising lines; the Lifshitz critical line characterized by the dynamical critical exponent $z=3$; Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions, and an exotic first order transition between the floating and the gapped phases. However, the most surprising feature of the obtained phase diagram is the emergence of the commensurate line at which the floating phases collapses into direct transition. We provide numerical evidences that the resulting multi-critical point belongs to the universality class of the eight-vertex model. Implications in the context of supersymmetric properties of the Majorana chain is briefly discussed.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Stigmastane-type steroid saponins from the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina and their α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities
Creators: name: Van, PCong Pham
name: Van, Hieu Ngo
name: Quang, Minh Bui
name: Thanh, Nam Duong
name: Van, Dan Nguyen
name: Do Thanh, Tuan
name: Minh, Ngoc Tran
name: Thu, Hien Nguyen Thi
name: Quang, Trung Nguyen
name: Thao, Thi
name: Thanh, Loan Pham
name: Do Thi Thu, Hien
name: Le Tuan, Anh Hoang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Two new vernonioside K (1) and vernonioside L (2) and four known Δ7,9(11) stigmastane-type steroidal saponins—vernonioside B2 (3), vernoniacum B (4), vernonioside B1 (5), and vernoamyoside A (6)—were isolated from the leaves of Vernonia amygdalina. Their structures were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis with one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. All isolated compounds (1–6) were evaluated to determine their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase. Among them, two new compounds 1 and 2 showed significant inhibition of α-glucosidase with IC50 values of 78.56 ± 7.28 and 14.74 ± 1.57 (μM), respectively, comparable with acarbose as a positive control (127.53 ± 1.73 μM); none of these compounds inhibited xanthine oxidase activity. Compounds 1 and 2 are promising candidates for the development of antidiabetic agents from natural sources.
Drinfeld-Stuhler modules
Creators: name: Papikian, Mihran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G09, 11R52

description: We study $\mathscr{D}$-elliptic sheaves in terms of their associated modules, which we call Drinfeld-Stuhler modules. We prove some basic results about Drinfeld-Stuhler modules and their endomorphism rings, and then examine the existence and properties of Drinfeld-Stuhler modules with large endomorphism algebras, which are analogous to CM and supersingular Drinfeld modules. Finally, we examine the fields of moduli of Drinfeld-Stuhler modules.
Estimation Enhancing in Optoelectronic Property: A Novel Approach Using Orbital Interaction Parameters and Tight-Binding
Creators: name: Zargar, Ali Haji Ebrahim
name: Amini, Ali
name: Ayatollahi, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper advocates for an innovative approach designed for estimating optoelectronic properties of quantum structures utilizing Tight-Binding (TB) theory. Predicated on the comparative analysis between estimated and actual properties, the study strives to validate the efficacy of this proposed technique; focusing notably on the computation of bandgap energy. It is observed that preceding methodologies offered a restricted accuracy when predicting complex structures like super-lattices and quantum wells. To address this gap, we propose a methodology involving three distinct phases using orbital interaction parameters (OIPs) and the TB theory. The research employed Aluminium Arsenide (AlAs) and Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) as the primary bulk materials. Our novel approach introduces a computation framework that first focuses on bulk computation, subsequently expanding to super-lattice structures. The findings of this research demonstrate promising results regarding the accuracy of predicated optoelectronic properties, particularly the cut-off wavelength. This study paves the way for future research, potentially enhancing the precision of the proposed methodology and its application scope within the field of quantum optoelectronics.
description: This paper is published in the journal of Micro and Nanostructures
Influence of surface pre-deformation on the Portevin-Le Chatelier effect and the related multiscale complexity of plastic flow in an Al-Mg alloy
Creators: name: Jaber, Hafsa
name: Beausir, Benoît
name: Entemeyer, Denis
name: Lebedkina, Tatiana
name: Novelli, Marc
name: Lebyodkin, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of the surface pre-deformation on jerky flow caused by the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect was investigated using flat tensile specimens of an Al-Mg alloy. Although jerky flow represents a macroscopic plastic instability, the underlying mechanisms stem from self-organization of dislocations, which pertains to deformation processes at mesoscopic scales. To provide a comprehensive approach, the investigation was carried out by coupling tensile tests, digital image correlation and acoustic emission techniques, each targeting a particular range of scales. Thin superficial layers were pre-deformed using surface mechanical attrition technique (SMAT). It was found that the observed effects depend on which surfaces are processed. Overall, the treated samples exhibited an enhanced yield strength without deterioration of ductility in comparison with the initial material. These changes in the general mechanical behavior are likely to be correlated with the changes in jerky flow. Using digital image correlation, a tendency to delocalization of bursts of plastic flow was found for both the PLC bands and smaller-scale strain heterogeneities outside the bands, the latter having been little studied so far. Unexpectedly, SMAT occurred to modify plastic flow drastically at this scale. In addition to clarification of the role played by the surface in the PLC effect, these findings provide new insights into relationships between deformation processes at distinct scales.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures
Unraveling Intertwined Impacts between Lattice Vacancy and Substrate on Photonic Quasiparticles in Monolayer MoS$_2$
Creators: name: Xu, Ning
name: Hong, Daocheng
name: Pei, Xudong
name: Zhou, Jian
name: Wang, Fengqiu
name: Wang, Peng
name: Tian, Yuxi
name: Shi, Yi
name: Li, Songlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice defects and interfacial absorbates represent two extrinsic but ubiquitous factors that exert profound impacts on the luminescent properties of semiconductors. However, their impacts are normally tangled and remain to be separately elucidated. Here, we clarify the individual roles of each factor by tracking the weight evolution of photonic quasiparticles by modulating the densities of sulfur vacancies in monolayer MoS$_2$ via ad hoc defect engineering. In particular, we perform atomistic analyses on the densities of sulfur vacancies by employing atomically resolved scanning transmission electron microscopy to quantitatively characterize the generation rates of sulfur vacancies in MoS$_2$ on two types of substrates with opposite surface hydrophobicity natures. We reveal that the generation rate of sulfur vacancies can even double on the hydrophilic substrates. More importantly, the impact of sulfur vacancies over the weight of trionic emission is closely associated with the substrate hydrophobicity, which is manifested noticeably in the hydrophobic substrates, but insignificant in the hydrophilic ones. The results represent an in-depth understanding on the roles of the extrinsic factors on the luminescent properties in atomically thin semiconductors.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, 1 SI
$μ^+$ Knight Shift in UTe$_2$: Evidence for Relocalization in a Kondo Lattice
Creators: name: Azari, N.
name: Goeks, M. R.
name: Yakovlev, M.
name: Abedi, M.
name: Dunsiger, S. R.
name: Thomas, S. M.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Rosa, P. F. S.
name: Sonier, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local magnetic susceptibility of the spin-triplet superconductor UTe$_2$ has been investigated by positive muon ($μ^+$) Knight shift measurements in the normal state. Three distinct $μ^+$ Knight shift components are observed for a magnetic field applied parallel to the $c$ axis. Two of these exhibit a breakdown in the linear relationship with the bulk magnetic susceptibility ($χ$) below a temperature $T^* \! \sim \! 30$ K, which points to a gradual emergence of a correlated Kondo liquid. Below $T_{\rm r} \! \sim \! 12$ K linearity is gradually restored, indicating partial relocalization of the Kondo liquid quasiparticles. The third Knight shift component is two orders of magnitude larger, and despite the $c$-axis alignment of the external field, scales with the $a$-axis $χ$ above $T_{\rm r} \! \sim \! 12$ K. We conjecture that this component is associated with magnetic clusters and the change in the temperature dependence of all three Knight shift components below $T_{\rm r}$ is associated with a change in magnetic correlations. Our findings indicate that prior to the onset of superconductivity the development of the itinerant heavy-electron fluid is halted by a gradual development of local U $5f$-moment fluctuations.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
In silico toxicologic profile and in vivo trypanocidal activity of estafietin, a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Stevia alpina Griseb.
Creators: name: Elso, Orlando G.
name: Cerny, Natacha
name: Laurella, Laura C.
name: Bivona, Augusto E.
name: Alberti, Andrés Sánchez
name: Morales, Celina
name: Catalán, Cesar A. N.
name: Malchiodi, Emilio L.
name: Sülsen, Valeria P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Chagas disease is an infection caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, affecting 6-8 million people worldwide. Only two drugs are available for its treatment, having a limited efficacy and adverse side-effects. Estafietin is a sesquiterpene lactone isolated from Stevia alpina with in vitro activity against T. cruzi and low cytotoxicity against mammalian cells. The aim of this work was to predict the toxicologic profile of estafietin by in silico methods and assess its in vivo activity on a murine model of Chagas disease. Estafietin showed low toxicity according to pkCSM web tool and passed the PAINS filter from PAINS-remover web server. The treatment of infected mice with 1 mg/Kg/day of estafietin for five consecutive days administrated by intraperitoneal route significatively decreased parasitemia levels and reduced inflammatory infiltrates and myocyte damage on muscle tissue. These results suggest that estafietin had effect both on acute and chronic stages of the infection.
Quasiperiodic ordering in thick Sn layer on $i$-Al-Pd-Mn: A possible quasicrystalline clathrate
Creators: name: Singh, Vipin Kumar
name: Mihalkovic, Marek
name: Krajčí, Marian
name: Sarkar, Shuvam
name: Sadhukhan, Pampa
name: Maniraj, M.
name: Rai, Abhishek
name: Pussi, Katariina
name: Schlagel, Deborah L.
name: Lograsso, Thomas A.
name: Shukla, Ajay Kumar
name: Barman, Sudipta Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realization of an elemental solid-state quasicrystal has remained a distant dream so far in spite of extensive work in this direction for almost two decades. Here, we report the discovery of quasiperiodic ordering in a thick layer of elemental Sn grown on icosahedral ($i$)-Al-Pd-Mn. The STM images and the LEED patterns of the Sn layer show specific structural signatures that portray quasiperiodicity but are distinct from the substrate. Photoemission spectroscopy reveals the existence of the pseudogap around the Fermi energy up to the maximal Sn thickness. The structure of the Sn layer is modeled as a novel form of quasicrystalline clathrate on the basis of the following: Firstly, from ab-initio theory, the energy of bulk Sn clathrate quasicrystal is lower than the high temperature metallic $β$-Sn phase, but higher than the low temperature $α$-Sn phase. A comparative study of the free slab energetics shows that surface energy favors clathrate over $α$-Sn up to about 4 nm layer thickness, and matches $β$-Sn for narrow window of slab thickness of 2-3 nm. Secondly, the bulk clathrate exhibits gap opening near Fermi energy, while the free slab form exhibits a pronouced pseudogap, which explains the pseudogap observed in photoemission. Thirdly, the STM images exhibit good agreement with clathrate model. We establish the adlayer-substrate compatibility based on very similar (within 1%) the cage-cage separation in the Sn clathrate and the pseudo-Mackay cluster-cluster separation on the $i$-Al-Pd-Mn surface. Furthermore, the nucleation centers of the Sn adlayer on the substrate are identified and these are shown to be a valid part of the Sn clathrate structure. Thus, based on both experiment and theory, we propose that 4 nm thick Sn adlayer deposited on 5-fold surface of $i$-Al-Pd-Mn substrate is in fact a metastable realization of elemental, clathrate family quasicrystal.
description: 10 figures in the Manuscript and the 8 figures in the Supplementary material
Bimetric Theory of Fractional Quantum Hall States
Creators: name: Gromov, Andrey
name: Son, Dam Thanh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a bimetric low-energy effective theory of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states that describes the topological properties and a gapped collective excitation, known as Girvin-Macdonald-Platzman (GMP) mode. The theory consist of a topological Chern-Simons action, coupled to a symmetric rank two tensor, and an action à la bimetric gravity, describing the gapped dynamics of the spin-$2$ GMP mode. The theory is formulated in curved ambient space and is spatially covariant, which allows to restrict the form of the effective action and the values of phenomenological coefficients. Using the bimetric theory we calculate the projected static structure factor up to the $k^6$ order in the momentum expansion. To provide further support for the theory, we derive the long wave limit of the GMP algebra, the dispersion relation of the GMP mode, and the Hall viscosity of FQH states. We also comment on the possible applications to fractional Chern insulators, where closely related structures arise. Finally, it is shown that the familiar FQH observables acquire a curious geometric interpretation within the bimetric formalism.
description: 14 pages, v2: Acknowledgments updated, v3: A few presentation improvements, Published version
Solving the muon g-2 anomaly in deflected AMSB with messenger-matter interactions
Creators: name: Wang, Fei
name: Wang, Wenyu
name: Yang, Jin Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We proposed to introduce general messenger-matter interactions in the deflected anomaly mediated SUSY breaking scenario to explain the $g_μ-2$ anomaly. Scenarios with complete or incomplete GUT multiplet messengers are discussed, respectively. The introduction of incomplete GUT mulitiplets can be advantageous in various aspects. We found that the $g_μ-2$ anomaly can be solved in both scenarios under current constraints including the gluino mass bounds, while the scenarios with incomplete GUT representation messengers are more favored by the $g_μ-2$ data. We also found that the gluino is upper bounded by about 2.5 TeV (2.0 TeV) in Scenario A and 3.0 TeV (2.7 TeV) in Scenario B if the generalized deflected AMSB scenarios are used to fully account for the $g_μ-2$ anomaly at $3σ$ ($2σ$) level. Such a gluino should be accessible in the future LHC searches. Dark matter constraints, including DM relic density and direct detection bounds, favor the scenario B with incomplete GUT multiplets. Much of the allowed parameter space for the scenario B could be covered by the future DM direct detection experiments.
description: Published version in PRD, 23 pages, 6 figures
Stochastic six-vertex model in a half-quadrant and half-line open ASEP
Creators: name: Barraquand, Guillaume
name: Borodin, Alexei
name: Corwin, Ivan
name: Wheeler, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 05E05, 60H15, 82D30, 82B23

description: We consider the asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) on the positive integers with an open boundary condition. We show that, when starting devoid of particles and for a certain boundary condition, the height function at the origin fluctuates asymptotically (in large time $τ$) according to the Tracy-Widom GOE distribution on the $τ^{1/3}$ scale. This is the first example of KPZ asymptotics for a half-space system outside the class of free-fermionic/determinantal/Pfaffian models. Our main tool in this analysis is a new class of probability measures on Young diagrams that we call half-space Macdonald processes, as well as two surprising relations. The first relates a special (Hall-Littlewood) case of these measures to the half-space stochastic six-vertex model (which further limits to ASEP) using a Yang-Baxter graphical argument. The second relates certain averages under these measures to their half-space (or Pfaffian) Schur process analogs via a refined Littlewood identity.
description: 49 pages. v3: minor typos corrected. v2: added references and improved introduction
Constraints on $f(Q)$ logarithmic model using gravitational wave standard sirens
Creators: name: Nájera, José Antonio
name: Alvarado, Carlos Aráoz
name: Escamilla-Rivera, Celia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the constraints on the $f(Q)=Q/(8πG) - α\ln(Q/Q_0)$, symmetric teleparallel model using local measurements and gravitational wave mock standard sirens. Using observational local SNIa and BAO data and energy conditions, the logarithmic $f(Q)$ model is capable of explaining the cosmic late-time acceleration by geometrical means. This result suggests that the logarithmic symmetric teleparallel model could be a candidate to solve the cosmological constant problem. In the case of the simulated standard siren data, by using the performance of the future ET and LISA detectors, we expect to be able to measure the current Hubble constant $H_0$, and the matter content $Ω_m$, with a precision better than 1\% and 6\%, respectively. Furthermore, we explore the predicted $f(Q)$ logarithmic model deviation from the standard GR using ET and LISA mock standard sirens. The ratio $d_L^{\text{gw}}(z)/d_L^{\text{em}}(z)$, which quantifies the deviation from GR gives us a significant deviation higher than 13\% at $z=1$, and it continues growing to reach a deviation higher than 18\% in its median value. Future standard siren data will be able to quantify the strength of the deviation from GR and hence whether a cosmology like the one implied by this $f(Q)$ model is feasible.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures. Version accepted in MNRAS
Coherence transformations in single qubit systems
Creators: name: Shi, Hai-Long
name: Wang, Xiao-Hui
name: Liu, Si-Yuan
name: Yang, Wen-Li
name: Yang, Zhan-Ying
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the single qubit transformations under several typical coherence-free operations, such as, incoherent operation (IO), strictly incoherent operation (SIO), physically incoherent operation (PIO), and coherence preserving operation (CPO). Quantitative connection has been built between IO and SIO in single qubit systems. Moreover, these coherence-free operations have a clear hierarchical relationship in single qubit systems: CPO $\subset$ PIO $\subset$ SIO=IO. A new and explicit proof for the necessary and sufficient condition of single qubit transformation via IO or SIO has been provided, which indicates that SIO with only two Kraus operators are enough to realize this transformation. The transformation regions of single qubits via CPO and PIO are also given. Our method provides a geometric illustration to analyze single qubit coherence transformations by introducing the Bloch sphere depiction of the transformation regions, and tells us how to construct the corresponding coherence-free operations.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Pulsed CW laser for long-term spectroscopic measurements at high power in deep-UV
Creators: name: Zhadnov, Nikita
name: Golovizin, Artem
name: Cortinovis, Irene
name: Ohayon, Ben
name: Borges, Lucas de Sousa
name: Janka, Gianluca
name: Crivelli, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel technique for in-vacuum cavity-enhanced UV spectroscopy that allows nearly continuous measurements over several days, minimizing mirror degradation caused by high-power UV radiation. Our method relies on pulsing of the cavity's internal power, which increases the UV intensity to maximum only for short periods when the studied atom is within the cavity mode volume while keeping the average power low to prevent mirror degradation. Additionally, this method significantly decreases laser-induced background on charged particle detectors. The described 244 nm laser system is designed for 1S-2S two-photon CW spectroscopy of muonium in the Mu-MASS project. It was tested to provide intracavity powers above 20 W, requiring maintenance only a few times a day. The pulsing technique demonstrates minimal impact on the radiation frequency, with no observed shifts exceeding 15 kHz. Our approach represents a promising new technique for high-precision spectroscopy of atoms in harsh UV environments and demonstrates the feasibility of CW spectroscopy of muonium.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Encoding Variables, Evaluation Criteria and Evaluation Methods for Data Physicalizations: A Review
Creators: name: Ranasinghe, Champika
name: Degbelo, Auriol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data Physicalization focuses on understanding how physical representations of data can support communication, learning and problem-solving. As an emerging area, Data Physicalization research needs conceptual foundations to support thinking about and designing new physical representations of data. Yet, it remains unclear at the moment (i) what encoding variables are at the designer's disposal during the creation of physicalizations, (ii) what evaluation criteria could be useful, and (iii) what methods can be used to evaluate physicalizations. This article addresses these three questions through a narrative review and a systematic review. The narrative review draws on the literature from Information Visualization, HCI and Cartography to provide a holistic view of encoding variables for data. The systematic review looks closely into the evaluation criteria and methods that can be used to evaluate data physicalizations. Both reviews offer a conceptual framework for researchers and designers interested in designing and studying data physicalizations.
description: Paper accepted for publication in Multimodal Technologies and Interaction
Tight information bounds for spontaneous emission lifetime resolution of quantum sources with varied spectral purity
Creators: name: Mitchell, Cheyenne S.
name: Backlund, Mikael P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the theory of resolving a mixture of two closely spaced spontaneous emission lifetimes to include pure dephasing contributions to decoherence, leading to the resurgence of Rayleigh's Curse at small lifetime separations. Considerable resolution enhancement remains possible when lifetime broadening is more significant than that due to pure dephasing. In the limit that lifetime broadening dominates, one can achieve super-resolution either by a tailored one-photon measurement or Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry. We describe conditions for which either choice is superior.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Duality and topology
Creators: name: Sacramento, P. D.
name: Vieira, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mappings between models may be obtained by unitary transformations with preservation of the spectra but in general a change in the states. Non- canonical transformations in general also change the statistics of the operators involved. In these cases one may expect a change of topological properties as a consequence of the mapping. Here we consider some dualities resulting from mappings, by systematically using a Majorana fermion representation of spin and fermionic problems. We focus on the change of topological invariants that results from unitary transformations taking as examples the mapping between a spin system and a topological superconductor, and between different fermionic systems.
description: 38 pages, 4 figures
Local Alloy Order in a Ge1-xSnx/Ge Epitaxial Layer
Creators: name: Corley-Wiciak, Agnieszka Anna
name: Chen, Shunda
name: Concepción, Omar
name: Zoellner, Marvin Hartwig
name: Grützmacher, Detlev
name: Buca, Dan
name: Li, Tianshu
name: Capellini, Giovanni
name: Spirito, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local ordering of atoms in alloys directly has a strong impact on their electronic and optical properties. This is particularly relevant in nonrandom alloys, especially if they are deposited using far from the equilibrium processes, as is the case of epitaxial Ge1-xSnx layers. In this work, we investigate the arrangement of Ge and Sn atoms in optoelectronic grade Ge1-xSnx epitaxial layers featuring a Sn content in the 5-14% range by using polarization-dependent Raman spectroscopy and density-functional-theory calculations. The thorough analysis of the polarization-dependent spectra in parallel and perpendicular configuration allowed us to properly tag all the observed vibrational modes, and to shed light on that associated to disorder-assisted Raman transitions. Indeed, with the help of large-scale atomistic simulations, we were able to highlight how the presence of Sn atoms, that modify the local environments of Ge atoms, gives rise to two spectral features at different Raman shifts, corresponding to distortions of the atomic bonds. This analysis provides a valuable framework for advancing the understanding of the vibrational properties in Ge1-xSnx alloys, particularly with regard to the impact of local ordering of the different atomic species.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, Accepted Manuscript of a Published Paper in Physical Review
Reporte: Encuesta a las familias. Proyecto edDit
Creators: name: Calderón, Diego
name: Moreno, Ainara
name: Rivera-Vargas, Pablo
name: Jacovkis, Judith
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: familias
encuesta
plataformas digitales
datificación

description: En este informe se presentan los datos de la encuesta realizada a familias de alumnado escolarizado en las etapas de primaria y secundaria obligatoria en centros públicos de Cataluña. El informe representa la cuarta parte de un proceso que empezó con el análisis de políticas de digitalización de la educación y del marco normativo que regula los derechos de la infancia en los entornos digitales (fase 1.1 del proyecto) y que se realizó en paralelo al análisis de voces de expertas en el ámbito (fase 1.2). Ambas fases permitieron, a partir de las evidencias que generaron, ajustar las preguntas y enfoques de la fase 1.3 (análisis del discurso de los centros educativos), y el diseño de esta fase 1.4. En este documento se recoge tanto la metodología utilizada en la elaboración del instrumento administrado y la evolución de las respuestas obtenidas, como la descripción de las personas que contestaron y el análisis descriptivo de sus respuestas.