cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vortex dynamics and losses due to pinning: Dissipation from trapped magnetic flux in resonant superconducting radio-frequency cavities
Creators: name: Liarte, Danilo B.
name: Hall, Daniel
name: Koufalis, Peter N.
name: Miyazaki, Akira
name: Senanian, Alen
name: Liepe, Matthias
name: Sethna, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a model of vortex dynamics and collective weak pinning theory to study the residual dissipation due to trapped magnetic flux in a dirty superconductor. Using simple estimates, approximate analytical calculations, and numerical simulations, we make predictions and comparisons with experiments performed in CERN and Cornell on resonant superconducting radio-frequency NbCu, doped-Nb and Nb$_3$Sn cavities. We invoke hysteretic losses originating in a rugged pinning potential landscape to explain the linear behavior of the sensitivity of the residual resistance to trapped magnetic flux as a function of the amplitude of the radio-frequency field. Our calculations also predict and describe the crossover from hysteretic-dominated to viscous-dominated regimes of dissipation. We propose simple formulas describing power losses and crossover behavior, which can be used to guide the tuning of material parameters to optimize cavity performance.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Evidence For A Precessing Accretion Disk in the Nucleus of NGC 1097
Creators: name: Storchi-Bergmann, T.
name: Eracleous, M.
name: Ruiz, M. T.
name: Livio, M.
name: Wilson, A. S.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new spectroscopic observations of the LINER (and now Seyfert 1) nucleus of NGC 1097, and discuss the evolution of its broad, double-peaked Balmer lines. When originally discovered in 1991, the red peak of the double-peaked H-alpha line was stronger than the blue, while by 1994 the H-alpha profile had become almost symmetric and the integrated line flux had decreased to half its original value. Our new spectrum, taken in 1996, shows that the broad, double-peaked lines have returned to almost their original strengths, the profiles of H-beta and H-alpha are identical to within errors, and the broad-line emitting region is unreddened. However, the profile of the Balmer lines is now such that the blue peak is stronger than the red, opposite to the asymmetry observed in 1991. Various models are considered for the observed behavior, all assuming that the emission lines originate in an accretion disk. We present a refined version of the precessing, planar, elliptical accretion ring model proposed by Storchi-Bergmann et al. and Eracleous et al. This model provides an acceptable fit to the line profiles. We also consider the possibility that the line profile evolution results from a precessing warp in the disk, induced by irradiation from the center, and show that the range of radii and precession time scales expected in this model are consistent with the observations. The sudden appearance of the "disk-like" broad line profiles in NGC 1097 could have resulted from the formation of a new accretion disk due to, for example, the tidal disruption of a star, or the illumination of a pre-existing disk by a transient ionizing source at the center of the disk.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. TeX file with 5 postscript figures embeded using psfig.tex, 13 pages
Measurement-induced multipartite-entanglement regimes in collective spin systems
Creators: name: Poggi, Pablo M.
name: Muñoz-Arias, Manuel H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the competing effects of collective generalized measurements and interaction-induced scrambling in the dynamics of an ensemble of spin-1/2 particles at the level of quantum trajectories. This setup can be considered as analogous to the one leading to measurement-induced transitions in quantum circuits. We show that the interplay between collective unitary dynamics and measurements leads to three regimes of the average Quantum Fisher Information (QFI), which is a witness of multipartite entanglement, as a function of the monitoring strength. While both weak and strong measurements lead to extensive QFI density (i.e., individual quantum trajectories yield states displaying Heisenberg scaling), an intermediate regime of classical-like states emerges for all system sizes where the measurement effectively competes with the scrambling dynamics and precludes the development of quantum correlations, leading to sub-Heisenberg-limited states. We characterize these regimes and the crossovers between them using numerical and analytical tools, and discuss the connections between our findings, entanglement phases in monitored many-body systems, and the quantum-to-classical transition.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. Typos fixed, section IV. B added in v3 - v4 fixes minor formatting issues. Accepted for publication in Quantum
Möbius invariant Y-systems (cluster structures) for Miquel dynamics
Creators: name: Affolter, Niklas Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F60 37K60 (Primary) Secondary: 13F60, 52C26, 53A70, 82B20 (Secondary)

description: Miquel dynamics is a discrete time dynamics for circle patterns, which relies on Miquel's six circle theorem. Previous work shows that the evolution of the circle centers satisfy the dSKP equation on the octahedral lattice $A_3$. As a consequence, Miquel dynamics is a discrete integrable system. Moreover, Miquel dynamics give rise to a real-valued cluster structure. The evolution of the cluster variables under Miquel dynamics is also called a Y-system in the discrete integrable systems community. If the Y-system is real positive-valued then the circle pattern is accompanied by an invariant dimer model, an exactly solvable model studied in statistical physics. However, while circle patterns are Möbius invariant, the circle centers and the Y-system are not Möbius invariant, which violates the so called transformation group principle. In this article we show that half the intersection points satisfy the dSKP equation as well, and we introduce two new real-valued Y-systems for Miquel dynamics that involve only the intersection points. Therefore, the new Y-systems are Möbius invariant, and thus satisfy the transformation group principle. We also show that the circle centers and intersection points combined satisfy the dSKP equation on the 4-dimensional octahedral lattice $A_4$. In addition, we present two more complex-valued Y-systems for Miquel dynamics, which are real-valued in and only in the case of integrable circle patterns. We also investigate the special cases of harmonic embeddings and s-embeddings, which relate to the spanning tree and Ising model respectively.
description: 30 pages, 14 figures
Conformal Field Theories generated by Chern Insulators under Quantum Decoherence
Creators: name: Su, Kaixiang
name: Myerson-Jain, Nayan
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the fidelity between a pure state trivial insulator and the mixed state density matrix of a Chern insulator under decoherence can be mapped to a variety of two-dimensional conformal field theories (CFT); more specifically, the quantity $\mathcal{Z} = \text{tr}\{ \hatρ^D_c \hatρ_Ω\}$ is mapped to the partition function of the desired CFT, where $\hatρ^D_c$ and $\hatρ_Ω$ are respectively the density matrices of the decohered Chern insulator and a pure state trivial insulator. For a pure state Chern insulator with Chern number $2N$, the fidelity $\mathcal{Z}$ is mapped to the partition function of the $\text{U}(2N)_1$ CFT; under weak decoherence, the Chern insulator density matrix can experience certain instability, and the "partition function" $\mathcal{Z}$ can flow to other interacting CFTs with smaller central charges. The Rényi relative entropy $\mathcal{F} = - \log \text{tr}\{ \hatρ^D_c \hatρ_Ω\}$ is mapped to the free energy of the CFT, and we demonstrate that the central charge of the CFT can be extracted from the finite size scaling of $\mathcal{F}$, analogous to the well-known finite size scaling of $2d$ CFT.
description: 8.5 pages, including references
Designing contemporary skyscrapers. Remarks on the technical and architectural evolution of tall buildings
Creators: name: Trabucco, Dario
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2019

description: In recent decades the number of tall buildings has increased exponentially, worldwide. When considering buildings surpassing the 200-meter height threshold, only a select few were constructed in the years before 200, while in 2017 alone, 144 buildings with this height were completed (CTBUH, 2018). New tall buildings are very different from what was built in the past and these design changes have derived from a number of factors: new technologies, new architectural styles, and above all, an unprecedented attention to the social issues and the well-being of the occupants. These changes, which continue to be introduced in order to adapt to the newest demands of the market, must go through an “experimental” phase to verify if they will serve as a successful, distinctive feature for tall buildings of the future. Skyscrapers have been used in books and movies to represent the corruption and redundancy of modern society; as they adapt to modern needs, are they now perceived as a new urban Eden?
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 17 (2019): Horizontality/verticality in architecture
TMP: Temporal Motion Propagation for Online Video Super-Resolution
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhengqiang
name: Li, Ruihuang
name: Guo, Shi
name: Cao, Yang
name: Zhang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online video super-resolution (online-VSR) highly relies on an effective alignment module to aggregate temporal information, while the strict latency requirement makes accurate and efficient alignment very challenging. Though much progress has been achieved, most of the existing online-VSR methods estimate the motion fields of each frame separately to perform alignment, which is computationally redundant and ignores the fact that the motion fields of adjacent frames are correlated. In this work, we propose an efficient Temporal Motion Propagation (TMP) method, which leverages the continuity of motion field to achieve fast pixel-level alignment among consecutive frames. Specifically, we first propagate the offsets from previous frames to the current frame, and then refine them in the neighborhood, which significantly reduces the matching space and speeds up the offset estimation process. Furthermore, to enhance the robustness of alignment, we perform spatial-wise weighting on the warped features, where the positions with more precise offsets are assigned higher importance. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that the proposed TMP method achieves leading online-VSR accuracy as well as inference speed. The source code of TMP can be found at https://github.com/xtudbxk/TMP.
Additional file 1 of M6A-mediated upregulation of circMDK promotes tumorigenesis and acts as a nanotherapeutic target in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Du, Ashuai
name: Li, Shiqin
name: Zhou, Yuzheng
name: Disoma, Cyrollah
name: Liao, Yujie
name: Zhang, Yongxing
name: Chen, Zongpeng
name: Yang, Qinglong
name: Liu, Pinjia
name: Liu, Sixu
name: Dong, Zijun
name: Razzaq, Aroona
name: Tao, Siyi
name: Chen, Xuan
name: Liu, Yuxin
name: Xu, Lunan
name: Zhang, Qianjun
name: Li, Shanni
name: Peng, Jian
name: Xia, Zanxian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary materials and methods. References. Supplementary Table 1. Clinical information of 10 HCC patient samples used for RNA-sequencing. Supplementary Table 2. Clinical information of 35 HCC patients’ samples for validation of circMDK expression. Supplementary Table 3. Associations between the expression levels of circMDK and the clinicopathological characteristics of 35 HCC patients. Supplementary Table 4. Primers, siRNA, shRNA sequences and antibodies. Supplementary Table 5. Blood biochemistry of tumor-bearing mice treatedwith saline, PAE-nsRNA and PAE-siRNA. Abbreviations. Supplementary Figure 1. The correlation characterization of circMDK, MDK expression, and prognosis in HCC, (A, B, C, D, E, F, G). Supplementary Figure 2. The binding site of miR-346 and miR-874-3p with circMDK, (A, B, C, D). Supplementary Figure 3. MiR-346 and miR-874-3p are responsible for circMDK-mediated proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, (A, B, C, D, E). Supplementary Figure 4. Characterization and effects of knockdown of circMDK with PAE-siRNA complex in vitro, (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H). Supplementary Figure 5. The antitumor effects of PAE-siRNA complex in subcutaneous hepatic tumors, (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H). Supplementary Figure 6. Biodistribution of PAE-siRNA complex in subcutaneous tumor model, (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H). Supplementary Figure 7. Antitumor effects of PAE-siRNA complex in metastatic tumor model, (A, B, C, D, E). Supplementary Figure 8. Validation diagrams for PDX model construction and Histological observation of tissue sections, (A, B, C, D).
Rhoifolin: a promising flavonoid with cytotoxic and anticancer properties – molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential
Creators: name: Kılıç, Ceyda Sibel
name: Kışla, Mehmet Murat
name: Amasya, Gülin
name: Şengel-Türk, Ceyda Tuğba
name: Ateş Alagöz, Zeynep
name: Gençler Özkan, Ayşe Mine
name: Ateş, İlker
name: Gümüşok, Safa
name: Herrera-Bravo, Jesús
name: Sharifi-Rad, Javad
name: Calina, Daniela
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2025
Subjects: rhoifolin
apigenin-7-O-neohesperidoside
flavonoid
Citrus
anti-cancer activity

description: Rhoifolin is a flavonoid found in various plant species, especially within the Rutaceae family, and is considered a dietary component due to its presence in edible plants. Its bioactive properties, such as cytotoxic and anticancer activities, have gained significant attention. This review aims to highlight the general properties and diverse bioactivities of rhoifolin, with a particular focus on its cytotoxic and anticancer effects. This is based on a comprehensive literature search, focusing on the presence of rhoifolin in different plant species and its biological activities, particularly its anticancer properties. Rhoifolin is widely distributed in the plant kingdom, especially in Citrus species. It exhibits a variety of bioactivities, including strong cytotoxic and anticancer effects. Recent studies have shown that rhoifolin can induce apoptosis and inhibit cancer cell proliferation, making it a promising candidate for anticancer therapies. Rhoifolin's diverse bioactivities, particularly its cytotoxic and anticancer properties, position it as a potential therapeutic agent. Further detailed investigations into its molecular mechanisms and well-designed clinical studies are needed to fully understand and utilize its therapeutic potential.
description: EXCLI Journal; 24:Doc289; ISSN 1611-2156
Horizontal vs vertical. The public space in section
Creators: name: Orsini, Filippo
name: Mei, Pasquale
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2019

description: The section as an investigative tool to analyze, through deep-seated models and paradigms, the nature of the public space, historically oscillating between horizontal linearity and vertical development. Today the adoption of the concept of Loos’ “raumplan”, declined in an urban key, is proposed – through addition and subtraction operations – as a method of strategic intervention in defining a complexity not only spatial, but also semantic of the value of contemporary use of public space. From the redesign of the section it is possible to trigger new cycles of use and sharing for a connective public space, which can determine the regeneration of infrastructures or the realization of new social habitats by virtue of integration and hybridization between different levels.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 17 (2019): Horizontality/verticality in architecture
Envision the construction sector in 2050. Technological innovation and verticality
Creators: name: Figliola, Angelo
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2019

description: The contribution proposes a reflection on the role of typological and technological innovation in the design and implementation of vertical architectures through the analysis of technological scenarios of 2050. In the Anthropocene era, where the effects of human action shape the terrestrial environment, it is necessary to ask ourselves how we can implement the design and constructive processes to give life to architectural performative models that can positively influence the technosphere. Hence the need to study innovative methods through which to define new design paradigms. About that, the focus of the research is placed on the relationship that exists between computation, digital fabrication and the implementation of existing vertical models of development.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 17 (2019): Horizontality/verticality in architecture
Closing the Gap: Achieving Better Accuracy-Robustness Tradeoffs against Query-Based Attacks
Creators: name: Zimmer, Pascal
name: Andreina, Sébastien
name: Marson, Giorgia Azzurra
name: Karame, Ghassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although promising, existing defenses against query-based attacks share a common limitation: they offer increased robustness against attacks at the price of a considerable accuracy drop on clean samples. In this work, we show how to efficiently establish, at test-time, a solid tradeoff between robustness and accuracy when mitigating query-based attacks. Given that these attacks necessarily explore low-confidence regions, our insight is that activating dedicated defenses, such as random noise defense and random image transformations, only for low-confidence inputs is sufficient to prevent them. Our approach is independent of training and supported by theory. We verify the effectiveness of our approach for various existing defenses by conducting extensive experiments on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet. Our results confirm that our proposal can indeed enhance these defenses by providing better tradeoffs between robustness and accuracy when compared to state-of-the-art approaches while being completely training-free.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) 2024
Formica Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Smith, F.
Publisher: name: British Museum
Year: 1851
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Formica

description: 1. FORMICA.
Formica, pt, Linn. Faun. Suec. 426,1761. Lasius, pt, Fab. Syst. Piez. 415, 1804.
description: Published as part of Smith, F., 1851, List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. - Hymenoptera Aculeata., London :British Museum on page 1
MOESM1 of Genome-wide patterns of homozygosity provide clues about the population history and adaptation of goats
Creators: name: Bertolini, Francesca
name: Tainã Cardoso
name: Marras, Gabriele
name: Nicolazzi, Ezequiel
name: Rothschild, Max
name: Amills, Marcel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Animals used for the analyses. Breed symbol, name and number (N). The country in which samples were collected (Country), the continental and subcontinental groups used for the analyses are reported. Table S2. Average fraction of the genome that contains ROH in each one of the breeds under analysis. Breed code (Breed) and average fraction of the genome that contains ROH (FROH). Breeds are reported based on FROH increasing values. Table S3. Summary statistics of number of ROH regions and genome coverage considering the sub-geographical and continental classification. min: minimum number of ROH regions or coverage detected; max: minimum number of ROH regions or coverage detected; mean: average number of ROH regions or coverage detected; sd: standard deviation from the mean value. Table S4. Comparison of pairwise least square means of the sub-geographical comparisons. Comparison: pairwise comparison considered; estimate: estimated difference in LSM; p.value: adjusted Bonferroni P value. Table S5. Summary statistics of number of ROH regions and genome coverage for comparison 1 and pairwise least square means comparison. min: minimum number of ROH regions or coverage detected; max: maximum number of ROH regions or coverage detected; mean: average number of ROH regions or coverage detected; sd: standard deviation from the mean value; estimate: estimated difference in LSM; p.value: adjusted Bonferroni P-value. Table S6. Chromosomal regions with a high level of homozygosity (the top 0.998 percentile of at least three consecutive SNPs) and overlaps (partial or complete) across continents and continental sub-divisions. NP = not present; “-“: no overlap detected; for the regions shared by most of the subgroups (All), the symbol of the genes detected within those regions are reported. See the bold number in the “overlap with other continental/sub-continental” column. (1) MIR217; MIR216B; CFAP36; PNPT1; PPP4R3B; EFEMP1. (2) GJB6; SAP18; MRPL57; ATP12A; CENPJ; MPHOSPH8; ZMYM5; GJA3; GJB2; CRYL1; IL17D; EEF1AKMT1; LATS2; SKA3; ZDHHC20; FGF9; RNF17; PSPC1; ZMYM2; IFT88; XPO4; MICU2; PARP4. (3) MAB21L1; DCLK1; NBEA. (4) TPPP3; AGRP; CARMIL2; PARD6A; ENKD1; C18H16orf86; TSNAXIP1; THAP11; NUTF2; EDC4; NRN1L; LCAT; DPEP3; DPEP2; DDX28; SLC7A6OS; LRRC36; ZDHHC1; ATP6V0D1; FAM65A; ACD; GFOD2; CENPT; PSKH1; PSMB10; DUS2; ESRP2; PLA2G15; SLC7A6; SMPD3; HSD11B2; CTCF; RANBP10; NFATC3; PRMT7; SLC12A4. Table S7. Chromosomal regions displaying a high divergence in homozygosity across countries for the same breeds. For each breed-based analysis, chromosome (chr), start and end of the regions with H ≥ 5 are reported.
Quenched QCD with O(a) improvement: I. The spectrum of light hadrons
Creators: name: UKQCD Collaboration
name: Bowler, K. C.
name: Boyle, P.
name: Garden, J.
name: Kenway, R. D.
name: Richards, D. G.
name: Rowland, P. A.
name: Ryan, S. M.
name: Simma, H.
name: Michael, C.
name: Shanahan, H. P.
name: Wittig, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study of the masses of pseudoscalar and vector mesons, as well as octet and decuplet baryons computed in O(a) improved quenched lattice QCD. Results have been obtained using the non-perturbative definition of the improvement coefficient c_sw, and also its estimate in tadpole improved perturbation theory. We investigate effects of improvement on the incidence of exceptional configurations, mass splittings and the parameter J. By combining the results obtained using non-perturbative and tadpole improvement in a simultaneous continuum extrapolation we can compare our spectral data to experiment. We confirm earlier findings by the CP-PACS Collaboration that the quenched light hadron spectrum agrees with experiment at the 10% level.
description: 36 pages, 7 postscript figures, REVTEX; typo in Table XVIII corrected; extended discussion of finite-size effects in sections III and VII; version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
The high rise building in the development of the chinese city. A research experience
Creators: name: Paris, Spartaco
name: Bianchi, Roberto
Publisher: name: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment
Year: 2019

description: The research activity started with the project for an international two step competition in China and was developed into an experimental research funded by the competition promoter. It has defined sustainable models, typologies and technologies for high-rise residential settlements in Chinese cities. The high-rise building and the technological implications, which affect the morphological structures, are the subject of study of influential research centres in the perspective of reducing energy consumption, through morphological control solutions and at the envelope scale. In this specific he definition of some technological systems, replicable in other application contexts, was a decisive element for the development of the research following the competition project.
description: TECHNE - Journal of Technology for Architecture and Environment, TECHNE 17 (2019): Horizontality/verticality in architecture
MOESM1 of Signatures of selection and environmental adaptation across the goat genome post-domestication
Creators: name: Bertolini, Francesca
name: Servin, Bertrand
name: Talenti, Andrea
name: Rochat, Estelle
name: Kim, Eui
name: Oget, Claire
name: PalhiĂ¨Re, Isabelle
name: CrisĂ, Alessandra
name: Catillo, Gennaro
name: Steri, Roberto
name: Amills, Marcel
name: Colli, Licia
name: Marras, Gabriele
name: Milanesi, Marco
name: Nicolazzi, Ezequiel
name: Rosen, Benjamin
name: Tassell, Curtis
name: Guldbrandtsen, Bernt
name: Sonstegard, Tad
name: Tosser-Klopp, Gwenola
name: Stella, Alessandra
name: Rothschild, Max
name: StĂŠphane Joost
name: Crepaldi, Paola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Treemix plots. Each page shows the output of a continental/sub-continental group
Dimensional crossover with a continuum of critical exponents for NLS on doubly periodic metric graphs
Creators: name: Adami, Riccardo
name: Dovetta, Simone
name: Serra, Enrico
name: Tilli, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the existence of ground states for the focusing nonlinear Schroedinger equation on a prototypical doubly periodic metric graph. When the nonlinearity power is below 4, ground states exist for every value of the mass, while, for every nonlinearity power between 4 (included) and 6 (excluded), a mark of $L^2$-criticality arises, as ground states exist if and only if the mass exceeds a threshold value that depends on the power. This phenomenon can be interpreted as a continuous transition from a two-dimensional regime, for which the only critical power is 4, to a one-dimensional behavior, in which criticality corresponds to the power 6. We show that such a dimensional crossover is rooted in the coexistence of one-dimensional and two-dimensional Sobolev inequalities, leading to a new family of Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequalities that account for this continuum of critical exponents.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Generative Adversarial Networks for Realistic Synthesis of Hyperspectral Samples
Creators: name: Audebert, Nicolas
name: Saux, Bertrand Le
name: Lefèvre, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work addresses the scarcity of annotated hyperspectral data required to train deep neural networks. Especially, we investigate generative adversarial networks and their application to the synthesis of consistent labeled spectra. By training such networks on public datasets, we show that these models are not only able to capture the underlying distribution, but also to generate genuine-looking and physically plausible spectra. Moreover, we experimentally validate that the synthetic samples can be used as an effective data augmentation strategy. We validate our approach on several public hyper-spectral datasets using a variety of deep classifiers.
Effects of co-pyrolysis of rice husk and sewage sludge on the bioavailability and environmental risks of Pb and Cd
Creators: name: Yang, Yan-Qin
name: Cui, Min-Hua
name: Guo, Jian-Chao
name: Du, Jing-Jing
name: Zheng, Zhi-Yong
name: Liu, He
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this study, biochars were produced by co-pyrolysis of rice husk and sewage sludge, the environmental risk of heavy metal (Pd and Cd) in the biochars was assessed. Co-pyrolysis resulted in a lower yield but a higher C content compared with sewage sludge pyrolysis alone, the relative contents of Pb and Cd in biochars were declined. Co-pyrolysis process transformed the bioavailable heavy metals into stable speciation. The environmental risk assessment codes of Pb and Cd were reduced by 1–2 grades. The co-pyrolysis technology provides a feasible method for the safe disposal of heavy metal-contaminated sewage sludge.
Atomic electron transitions of hydrogen-like atoms induced by gravitational waves
Creators: name: Chen, Bo-Hung
name: Chiou, Dah-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a realistic model of a quantum system of matter, this paper investigates the gravitational-wave effects on a hydrogen-like atom. By formulating the tetrad formalism of linearized gravity, we naturally incorporate the gravitational-wave effects through minimal coupling in the covariant Dirac equation. The atomic electron transition rates induced by the gravitational wave are calculated using the first-order perturbation theory, revealing a distinctive selection rule along with Fermi's golden rule. This rule can be elegantly understood in terms of gravitons as massless spin-2 particles. Our results suggest the existence of gravitons and may lead to a novel approach to probe Ultra-High-Frequency Gravitational Waves (UHF-GWs).
description: 19 pages
Effects of co-pyrolysis of rice husk and sewage sludge on the bioavailability and environmental risks of Pb and Cd
Creators: name: Yang, Yan-Qin
name: Cui, Min-Hua
name: Guo, Jian-Chao
name: Du, Jing-Jing
name: Zheng, Zhi-Yong
name: Liu, He
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this study, biochars were produced by co-pyrolysis of rice husk and sewage sludge, the environmental risk of heavy metal (Pd and Cd) in the biochars was assessed. Co-pyrolysis resulted in a lower yield but a higher C content compared with sewage sludge pyrolysis alone, the relative contents of Pb and Cd in biochars were declined. Co-pyrolysis process transformed the bioavailable heavy metals into stable speciation. The environmental risk assessment codes of Pb and Cd were reduced by 1-2 grades. The co-pyrolysis technology provides a feasible method for the safe disposal of heavy metal-contaminated sewage sludge.
Constraints on sterile neutrinos and the cosmological tensions
Creators: name: Pan, Supriya
name: Seto, Osamu
name: Takahashi, Tomo
name: Toda, Yo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cosmological bounds on sterile neutrino masses in the light of the Hubble and $S_8$ tensions. We argue that non-zero masses for sterile neutrinos are inferred at 2$σ$ level in some extended models such as varying dark energy equation of state, when a direct measurement of the Hubble constant $H_0$ and weak lensing measurement of dark energy survey (DES) are taken into account. Furthermore, the Hubble and $S_8$ tensions are also reduced in such a framework. We also consider the case where a non-flat Universe is allowed and show that a slightly open Universe may be favored in models with sterile neutrinos in the context of the cosmological tensions.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Covariant Quark-Representation of Composite Meson Systems and Chiral Symmetry
Creators: name: Ishida, Shin
name: Ishida, Muneyuki
name: Maeda, Tomohito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming the spin-independence for confining force, we give a covariant quark representation of general composite meson systems with definite Lorentz transformation properties. For benefit of this representation we are able to deduce automatically the transformation rules of composite mesons for general symmetry operations from those of constituent (exciton) quarks. Applying this we investigate especially physical implication of chiral symmetry for the meson systems, and point out a possibility of existence of new meson multiplets.
description: 20 pages, uses ptptex.sty
Formica rufa
Creators: name: Smith, F.
Publisher: name: British Museum
Year: 1851
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Formica
Formica rufa
Formica dorsata

description: 1. Formica rufa.
The Wood Ant B. M.
Formica rufa, Linn.
Faun. Suec. 1721. Scop. Ins. Carn. 836. Be Geer, Ins. 2, 1053, i. t 41, f. 1, 2. Fab. Syst. Ent. 391, 4. Schrank, Ins. Aust. 834. Eourc. Ent. Paris, ii. 452,4. Rossi, Faun. Etrus. ii. 113,936. Christ. 510, t 60, f. 7,8. Don. Brit. Ins. 14, 76, t 496. Lat. Fourm. 143, t. 5, f. 28. Jurine, Hym. 272. St. Farg. Hist. Nat. Ins. i. 201, 3. Curtis, Brit. Ent. 16, t 752 Zett. Ins. Lapp. 448, 3.
Formica dorsata, Panz.
Faun. Germ. 54,1. [[queen]].
Formica Herculanea, Sam.
Comp. 69, t. 8, f. 10.
Formica maxima, Ray, Hist Ins.
The Hill-Ant, Gould's Ants, ii. 1.
La Fourmi brune, a corcelet fauve, Geoff. Ins. ii. 428, 4.
Hub. Fourm. 320.
Hab. - Britain.
description: Published as part of Smith, F., 1851, List of the specimens of British animals in the collection of the British Museum. Part VI. - Hymenoptera Aculeata., London :British Museum on pages 1-2
Constraining the distribution of giant planet on wide orbits from a compilation of direct imaging surveys
Creators: name: Baron, Frédérique
name: Lafrenière, David
name: Artigau, Étienne
name: Gagné, Jonathan
name: Rameau, Julien
name: Delorme, Philippe
name: Naud, Marie-Eve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: astronomy
brown dwarf
exoplanet

description: The direct imaging method has lead to the discovery of very interesting giant exoplanets in the last 15 years. While a large number of stars were probed in hope to find companions, only about 20 giant exoplanets were discovered. We present the first statistical analysis of exoplanet direct imaging surveys combining adaptive optics imaging at small separations with deep seeing-limited observations at large separations allowing us to study the entire orbital separation domain from 5 to 5000~au simultaneously. Overall, we find that the occurrence of companions is negatively correlated with semi-major axis and companion mass (marginally) but is positively correlated with the stellar host mass. The mass distribution we find is in good agreement with other distributions found by direct imaging surveys for planets and brown brown but is shallower than the distributions inferred by radial velocity studies of gas giants in the 1–3 au range. This may suggest that planets at these wide and very-wide separations represent the low-mass tail of the brown dwarfs and stellar companion distribution rather than an extension of the distribution of the inner planets.
Optimizing the proximity effect along the BCS-BEC crossover
Creators: name: Piselli, V.
name: Simonucci, S.
name: Strinati, G. Calvanese
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proximity effect, which arises at the interface between two fermionic superfluids with different critical temperatures, is examined with a non-local (integral) equation whose kernel contains information about the size of Cooper pairs that leak across the interface. This integral approach avoids reference to the boundary conditions at the interface that would be required with a differential approach. The temperature dependence of the pair penetration depth on the normal side of the interface is determined over a wide temperature range, also varying the inter-particle coupling along the BCS-BEC crossover independently on both sides of the interface. Conditions are found for which the proximity effect is optimized in terms of the extension of the pair penetration depth.
Subgenome-resolved telomere-to-telomere reference genome of the self-compatible allotetraploid Capsella bursa-pastoris (Brassicaceae)
Creators: name: Liu, Xin
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
name: Huang, Hui-Run
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310509
subject: Genomics
classificationCode: 310510
subject: Molecular evolution

description: Capsella is a model genus for studying polyploid speciation and mating system transitions. Here, we reported a subgenome-resolved and telomere-to-telomere reference genome of Capsella bursa-pastoris, the only polyploid species in the genus, by incorporating PacBio HiFi reads, Nanopore ultra-long reads, and Hi-C data. The assembled genome consisted of 16 chromosomes, with 8 in each of the two haploid assemblies. The genome size of the final assembly was estimated to be 330.91 Mb. Multiple evaluation methods confirmed the contiguity (contig N50: 20.28 Mb), completeness (BUSCOs: 98.70%), and correctness (QV: 35.76) of the genome. The repetitive sequences accounted for 37.04% of the genome size. In total, 27,626 and 28,096 protein-coding genes were annotated in the two haploid assemblies, respectively. This high-quality reference genome will facilitate evolutionary biological and functional genomic studies in Capsella species.
Additional file 1: of How culturally competent are hospitals in Israel?
Creators: name: Schuster, Michal
name: Elroy, Irit
name: Rosen, Bruce
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Cultural Competency (CC) Evaluation Tool. (DOCX 156 kb)
3D-Printable Height Models for DC Circuits
Creators: name: Bodensiek, Oliver
name: Sonntag, Dörte
name: Glawe, Isabelle
name: Müller, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an approach to learn about electricity and dc electric circuits by using real representational models based on the gravitational analogy. The additively manufactured models are deployed in a small-scale teaching intervention on electric potential and voltage in simple electric circuits. From the preliminary results considerable learning gains can be inferred.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Conference Proceedings of GIREP/ICPE 2017
Option pricing under stochastic volatility on a quantum computer
Creators: name: Wang, Guoming
name: Kan, Angus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop quantum algorithms for pricing Asian and barrier options under the Heston model, a popular stochastic volatility model, and estimate their costs, in terms of T-count, T-depth and number of logical qubits, on instances under typical market conditions. These algorithms are based on combining well-established numerical methods for stochastic differential equations and quantum amplitude estimation technique. In particular, we empirically show that, despite its simplicity, weak Euler method achieves the same level of accuracy as the better-known strong Euler method in this task. Furthermore, by eliminating the expensive procedure of preparing Gaussian states, the quantum algorithm based on weak Euler scheme achieves drastically better efficiency than the one based on strong Euler scheme. Our resource analysis suggests that option pricing under stochastic volatility is a promising application of quantum computers, and that our algorithms render the hardware requirement for reaching practical quantum advantage in financial applications less stringent than prior art.
description: 46 pages, 9 figures. Minor revisions
Putting an Edge to the Poisson Bracket
Creators: name: Bering, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a general formalism for treating a Hamiltonian (canonical) field theory with a spatial boundary. In this formalism essentially all functionals are differentiable from the very beginning and hence no improvement terms are needed. We introduce a new Poisson bracket which differs from the usual ``bulk'' Poisson bracket with a boundary term and show that the Jacobi identity is satisfied. The result is geometrized on an abstract world volume manifold. The method is suitable for studying systems with a spatial edge like the ones often considered in Chern-Simons theory and General Relativity. Finally, we discuss how the boundary terms may be related to the time ordering when quantizing.
description: 36 pages, LaTeX. v2: A manifest formulation of the Poisson bracket and some examples are added, corrected a claim in Appendix C, added an Appendix F and a reference. v3: Some comments and references added
Linking numbers in local quantum field theory
Creators: name: Buchholz, Detlev
name: Ciolli, Fabio
name: Ruzzi, Giuseppe
name: Vasselli, Ezio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linking numbers appear in local quantum field theory in the presence of tensor fields, which are closed two-forms on Minkowski space. Given any pair of such fields, it is shown that the commutator of the corresponding intrinsic (gauge invariant) vector potentials, integrated about spacelike separated, spatial loops, are elements of the center of the algebra of all local fields. Moreover, these commutators are proportional to the linking numbers of the underlying loops. If the commutators are different from zero, the underlying two-forms are not exact (there do not exist local vector potentials for them). The theory then necessarily contains massless particles. A prominent example of this kind, due to J.E. Roberts, is given by the free electromagnetic field and its Hodge dual. Further examples with more complex mass spectrum are presented in this article.
description: 15 pages, no figures, v2 as to appear in Lett. Math. Phys
Quantum Kolmogorov complexity and quantum correlations in deterministic-control quantum Turing machines
Creators: name: Lemus, Mariano
name: Faleiro, Ricardo
name: Mateus, Paulo
name: Paunković, Nikola
name: Souto, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents a study of Kolmogorov complexity for general quantum states from the perspective of deterministic-control quantum Turing Machines (dcq-TM). We extend the dcq-TM model to incorporate mixed state inputs and outputs, and define dcq-computable states as those that can be approximated by a dcq-TM. Moreover, we introduce (conditional) Kolmogorov complexity of quantum states and use it to study three particular aspects of the algorithmic information contained in a quantum state: a comparison of the information in a quantum state with that of its classical representation as an array of real numbers, an exploration of the limits of quantum state copying in the context of algorithmic complexity, and study of the complexity of correlations in quantum systems, resulting in a correlation-aware definition for algorithmic mutual information that satisfies symmetry of information property.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures
Constraints of the Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity in a gauge
Creators: name: Okolow, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a specific Hamiltonian formulation of the Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity, where the canonical variables are expressed by means of differential forms. We show that some ``position'' variables of this formulation can be always gauge-transformed to zero. In this gauge the constraints of the theory become simpler, and the other ``position'' variables acquire a nice geometric interpretation that allows for an alternative, clearer form of the constraints. Based on these results we derive some exact solutions to the constraints.
description: 32 pages, no figure, LaTeX, the paper substantially rewritten