cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Introducing New HIV Prevention Technologies: The Example of the Female Condom
Creators: name: Slevin, Katherine West
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: With an estimated 34 million people living with HIV in 2011, HIV remains a major public health issue (Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, 2012). In response, researchers are working to develop a range of new prevention technologies (NPTs)—including microbicides, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), and vaccines—each of which will need to be strategically introduced in order to ensure high levels of uptake and, in turn, a significant impact on the HIV epidemic. However, the introduction of prevention technologies can prove challenging. In the early 1990’s the female condom—the first female-initiated prevention technology—offered the hope of lowering HIV and STI infection rates while providing an additional contraceptive choice to the millions of women who lacked access to contraception (Pathfinder, n.d.). In a few settings the female condom was integrated into family planning and other services and enjoyed high levels of acceptance and uptake. In most others female condoms were marginalized and never made it into the mainstream. Overall, more than 20 years after their initial introduction, female condoms are still not used as widely as they should be as a way to prevent HIV and unwanted pregnancy and constitute a missed opportunity for the public health field. As the HIV prevention field looks toward a generation of new prevention technologies, important lessons for their eventual introduction can be garnered from the experience of the female condom. By examining female condom success stories, such as those from South Africa and Zimbabwe and disappointments, like the introduction of female condoms in the United States, program planners can strategically design informed introduction efforts, increasing the likelihood they will have a significant public health impact. This paper offers a range of lessons and recommendations for public health practitioners seeking to design programs for the introduction of NPTs. Some of these lessons include the need to: • engage communities and the advocacy community, • focus on education and training including that of end users’ sexual partners, • carefully select target populations, • integrate NPTs into existing health services and programs, • ensure strong leadership, • negotiate the end cost of products, • expand distribution systems, and • continually monitor and evaluate programs.
Factors Associated with Long-Acting Reversible Contraception (LARC) use in Postpartum Women at Srinagarind Hospital
Creators: name: Srimeunwai  Akesittipaisarn
Publisher: name: PIMDEE Co., Ltd.
Year: 2018
Subjects: contraceptive use
long-acting reversible contraception
postpartum women

description: Thai Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 26, 2, 132-139
title: US evaluation of acute scrotum in children: what a resident needs to know
Creators: name: Deftereos, Savas
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound
subject: Paediatric
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this study is to describe the technique as well as the clinical, Grey-scale and colour Doppler Ultrasound (US) findings and furthermore to provide tips for a state of the art examination of scrotal emergencies in children. Additional it...
ew Methods to Speed-up the Boundary Element Method in LS-DYNA
Creators: name: L‘Eplattenier, Pierre
name: Ashcraft, Cleve
name: Rouet, François-Henry
name: Weisbecker, Clement
name: Bateau-Meyer, Sarah
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: simulation
subject: boundary element method (BEM)
subject: electroforming
subject: 620
subject: 670

description: LS-DYNA is a general purpose explicit and implicit finite element program used to analyse the non linear dynamic response of three-dimensional solids and fluids. It is developed by Livermore Software Technology Corporation (LSTC). An electromagnetism (EM) module has been added to LS-DYNA for coupled mechanical/thermal/electromagnetic simulations, which have been extensively performed and benchmarked against experimental results for Magnetic Metal Forming (MMF) and Welding (MMW) applications. These simulations are done using a Finite Element Method (FEM) for the conductors coupled with a Boundary Element Method (BEM) for the surrounding air. The BEM has the advantage that it does not require an air mesh, which can be difficult to build when the gaps between conductors are very small, and to adapt when the conductors are moving, with contact possibly arising. Besides, the BEM does not require the introduction of infinite boundary conditions which are somehow artificial and can create discrepancies. On another hand, it generates dense matrices which take time to assemble and solve, and require a lot of memory. In LS-DYNA, the memory issue is handled by using low rank approximations on the off diagonal sub-blocks of the BEM matrices, creating a so-called Block Low Rank (BLR) matrix structure. The issue of the assembly and solve time is now being studied, and we present the so called “Multi-Center” (MC) method where the computation of the far-field submatrices is greatly reduced and the solve time somehow reduced. We will present the method as well as some first results.
Dielectric Elastomer Actuator biased by Magnetorheological Elastomer with Permanent Magnet
Creators: name: Bernat, Jakub
name: Kolota, Jakub
name: Gajewski, Piotr
name: Marcinkowska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric elastomer actuators have become one of the most important smart material transducers in recent times. One of the crucial aspects in this field is the application of bias to find the best operating conditions. The basic task is to find the proper bias configuration to obtain a wide range of displacements in the actuator. In the literature, various biases, such as mechanical springs, permanent magnets, or pneumatic springs, are studied. In our work, the magnetorheological elastomer is applied to build a novel bias that ensures a wide range of displacement. Because of the softness and the compliant chemical structure, the magnetorheological elastomer can be easily integrated with the dielectric elastomer actuator. The magnetorheological elastomer as a bias for a dielectric elastomer actuator is verified in the series of experiments. Finally, the discussion on the advantages and disadvantages of the new bias type is performed.
British Gallup Poll CQ 21
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1990

description: Thatcher job performance(1); leadership of political parties(3); intent to vote in June 1983 general election(2); status of economic situation(8); timing for buying major household items(4) increase in salary/wages(3); safety when alone in various locations(6); AIDS(19); predictions about problems Britain may face(6).
title: Comparison of small lesion detectability in oncology FDG-PET between whole body and high-resolution protocols
Creators: name: Orita, Erika
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Equipment
subject: PET-CT
subject: Oncology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction 18 FDG-PET has been widely used for tumor detection, staging, and the evaluation of responses to therapy in patients with malignant tumors. However, small malignant lesions less than spatial resolution are intrinsically underestimated...
British Gallup Poll CQ 23
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1990

description: Thatcher job performance(1); leadership of political parties(3); intent to vote in June 1983 general election(2); "The Left" vs. "The Right" on various parties and leaders(9); government's control of rising prices(2); government policies for attacking economic situation(2); rising of wages and food prices(3); opinion of various countries(6).
Preventing Bullying in North Carolina Local Education Agencies
Creators: name: Richardson, Robin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The North Carolina School Violence Prevention Act requires each local education agency (LEA) to have a policy to prevent bullying. Each LEA creates and publishes its own policy. This paper is an evaluation of the policy implementation in specific North Carolina LEAs in fall 2017. The evaluation consisted of a qualitative survey with an employee of each central office school district. Fifteen LEAs participated.   A set of interview questions asked respondents about policy implementation, character education, professional development and incident reporting. North Carolina Department of Public Instruction (NCDPI) provided a list of primary contacts for each LEA. Interviewees were contacted by email to introduce the evaluation, and then scheduled for a one-hour telephone interview. Interviews were conducted during September and October 2017.   Contacts at the majority of the LEAs reported successful policy implementation. All of the districts said that they review the policy annually. They include this topic in the professional development that occurs prior to the start of each new school year. They publish the policy online – on district and school websites. They also include the policy in the Student Handbook, which is available in digital and printed formats. And all interviewees stated that 100% of reported incidents are investigated.   Some LEAs purchase national programs such as Welcoming Schools and Second Step. Districts also modify programs to fit their individual needs. NCDPI provides support by incorporating social-emotional learning into standard curriculum through Healthful Living Essential Standards. Bullying prevention strategies are included in course materials for required subjects at all grade levels (K-12).
British Gallup Poll CQ 744A
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Government approval (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); James Callaghan job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); party support (3); 1979 General Election (2); economic situation development (2); prices changes (1); personal financial situation (2); time to buy (1); ability to make ends meet (1); unemployment levels (1); cost of living (1); major purchase spending (1); saving likelihood (1); time to save (1); fast food (31); jeans ads (1); building societies (17).
British Gallup Poll CQ 749
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Government approval (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); James Callaghan job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); party support (3); 1979 General Election (2); urgent problems (2); party to handle problems (1); next general election (2); party closeness (1); party with best policies (1); party with best leaders (1); party public opinion (2); party unity (2); government handling (14); centre party (6); future unemployment (1); prices (1); firm busyness (1); future income (1); financial commitments (1); time to save (1); major purchasing (1); medicated sweets (40); dry cleaning (15); disinfectant (8); shoe polish (8); stain remover (8); moth killer (8); TIGER press (3).
Kaiser Family Foundation/Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government/NPR Poll: Health Care
Creators: name: Harvard University's Kennedy School Of Government
name: Kaiser Family Foundation
name: National Public Radio
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2006

description: Important issues for government to address (72); most important issues facing country (72); important health care issues for government to address (86); important health care issues facing country (86); view of healthcare system (1); healthcare insurance coverage (10); family healthcare insurance coverage (6); insurance restrictions on physicians visited (4); healthcare issues (6); guarantee healthcare for more Americans (5); priority for government spending in healthcare (1); helping seniors pay for prescription drugs (7); worries for the coming year (5); employer aiding in paying for health insurance (5); possible reasons for rise in health insurance costs (7); opinion of healthcare services (1); opinion of health insurance plan (2); staying at job to keep health insurance (1); trusting doctor (2); receiving medical care and resulting impact on insurance (5); ability to get health insurance (2); needing medical care and not getting it (6); reasons for not getting medical care (12); postponing seeking medical care (6); reasons for postponing seeking medical care (20); needing prescription drugs and not getting them (6); reasons for not getting needed prescription drugs (6); quality of healthcare (23); paying medical bills (17); responsibility for someone not in household (11).
title: Semantics in radiology
Creators: name: Kotter, Elmar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CAD
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Statistics
subject: Education and training
subject: Epidemiology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: understand the meaning of semantics in radiology understand the increasing importance that semantics can have in radiology understand current development in semantics in the radiology...
Pew Research Center Poll # 1999-TRACK: Senate Impeachment Trial News Interest Tracking Poll
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Bill Clinton job performance (1); Republican leaders in Congress job performance (1); following of recent news stories (3); President Clinton's State of the Union speech (2); Senate trial on removal of Bill Clinton from office (8); reasons for inattention to the impeachment trial of President Clinton (5); use of budget surplus (1); Social Security system (2).
SemanticPaint: A Framework for the Interactive Segmentation of 3D Scenes
Creators: name: Golodetz, Stuart
name: Sapienza, Michael
name: Valentin, Julien P. C.
name: Vineet, Vibhav
name: Cheng, Ming-Ming
name: Arnab, Anurag
name: Prisacariu, Victor A.
name: Kähler, Olaf
name: Ren, Carl Yuheng
name: Murray, David W.
name: Izadi, Shahram
name: Torr, Philip H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.10

description: We present an open-source, real-time implementation of SemanticPaint, a system for geometric reconstruction, object-class segmentation and learning of 3D scenes. Using our system, a user can walk into a room wearing a depth camera and a virtual reality headset, and both densely reconstruct the 3D scene and interactively segment the environment into object classes such as 'chair', 'floor' and 'table'. The user interacts physically with the real-world scene, touching objects and using voice commands to assign them appropriate labels. These user-generated labels are leveraged by an online random forest-based machine learning algorithm, which is used to predict labels for previously unseen parts of the scene. The entire pipeline runs in real time, and the user stays 'in the loop' throughout the process, receiving immediate feedback about the progress of the labelling and interacting with the scene as necessary to refine the predicted segmentation.
description: 33 pages, Project: http://www.semantic-paint.com, Code: https://github.com/torrvision/spaint
Optical stimulated-Raman sideband spectroscopy of a single $^9$Be$^+$ ion in a Penning trap
Creators: name: Cornejo, J. M.
name: Brombacher, J.
name: Coenders, J. -A.
name: von Boehn, M.
name: Meiners, T.
name: Niemann, M.
name: Ulmer, S.
name: Ospelkaus, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate optical sideband spectroscopy of a single $^9$Be$^+$ ion in a cryogenic 5 Tesla Penning trap using two-photon stimulated-Raman transitions between the two Zeeman sublevels of the $1s^{2}2s$ ground state manifold. By applying two complementary coupling schemes, we accurately measure Raman resonances with and without contributions from motional sidebands. From the latter we obtain an axial sideband spectrum with an effective mode temperature of (3.1 $\pm$ 0.4)~mK. This results are a key step for quantum logic operations in Pennings traps, applicable to high precision matter-antimatter comparisons tests in the baryonic sector of the standard model.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Understanding and Demonstrating the Need for Inclusion of Military Affiliated Populations in Local Community Health Assessments Conducted in Eastern North Carolina
Creators: name: Brown, Pamela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background:  Eastern North Carolina is home to large military affiliated populations (MAPs) which not only impact community health but also utilize local health-related resources.  Local health departments (LHDs) maintain awareness of the collective health status of residents largely through the community health assessment (CHA) process.  Due to the importance of the CHA to overall community health, it is also essential to include MAP data, particularly in jurisdictions with large MAPs.  However, little is understood about the current representation of MAP data in local CHAs and the perceived need of including such data.Purpose:  The purpose of this project was to assess the level of MAP inclusion in community health assessments and explore military and civilian health professionals’ perceptions of current and future representation of MAP data in CHAs.Methods:  Four eastern North Carolina county CHAs were assessed to determine the prevalence of MAP data. MAP-identified data points, defined as information, mentions, analysis of data, or statistics affiliated with the military, were notated and enumerated, and frequency distributions by data point were created. Qualitative analysis was used to examine summaries and subsequent themes from phone interviews conducted among a purposive sample of eight civilian and military health personnel, key informants who were asked questions about current MAP-related CHA data collection practices and future needs of MAP inclusion in CHAs.Results:   MAPs were only minimally represented in the four CHAs reviewed.  Only one CHA did any analysis of a community-identified health issue to determine how it was connected to MAPs.  Many of the MAP-identified data points in the CHAs were not directly related to the health of MAPs and provided only contextual information about the military installations located in the communities.  All key informants interviewed agreed that MAPs should be included in CHAs, even though some barriers to data sharing and participation in the assessment process exist, and that this inclusion benefits the entire community.Conclusions:  Although MAPs were not well represented in the four eastern North Carolina (NC) counties, both the civilian and military health professionals interviewed deemed it important to collect such data in CHAs.  Recommendations offered included nine strategies for maximizing the opportunity for inclusion of MAP data.  This work and the identified recommendations provide the foundation for exploring the opportunity for data inclusion in these and other MAP-represented counties in NC and strategies for developing future interventions to use these data to meet the health needs of MAPs and relevant resources shared by the civilian population.
Small Object Detection via Coarse-to-fine Proposal Generation and Imitation Learning
Creators: name: Yuan, Xiang
name: Cheng, Gong
name: Yan, Kebing
name: Zeng, Qinghua
name: Han, Junwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The past few years have witnessed the immense success of object detection, while current excellent detectors struggle on tackling size-limited instances. Concretely, the well-known challenge of low overlaps between the priors and object regions leads to a constrained sample pool for optimization, and the paucity of discriminative information further aggravates the recognition. To alleviate the aforementioned issues, we propose CFINet, a two-stage framework tailored for small object detection based on the Coarse-to-fine pipeline and Feature Imitation learning. Firstly, we introduce Coarse-to-fine RPN (CRPN) to ensure sufficient and high-quality proposals for small objects through the dynamic anchor selection strategy and cascade regression. Then, we equip the conventional detection head with a Feature Imitation (FI) branch to facilitate the region representations of size-limited instances that perplex the model in an imitation manner. Moreover, an auxiliary imitation loss following supervised contrastive learning paradigm is devised to optimize this branch. When integrated with Faster RCNN, CFINet achieves state-of-the-art performance on the large-scale small object detection benchmarks, SODA-D and SODA-A, underscoring its superiority over baseline detector and other mainstream detection approaches.
description: Camera-ready version for ICCV2023. Our code will be available at https://github.com/shaunyuan22/CFINet
title: The importance of MR multiparametric differential diagnosis, and the role of a clinical decision support system.
Creators: name: Tsougos, Ioannis
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Accurate brain tumor diagnosis plays a crucial role in the selection of the optimum treatment strategy and overall improves the therapeutic outcome [1]. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a major tool for the anatomical assessment of...
ATLAS - I. Third Release of 1.4 GHz Mosaics and Component Catalogues
Creators: name: Franzen, T. M. O.
name: Banfield, J. K.
name: Hales, C. A.
name: Hopkins, A.
name: Norris, R. P.
name: Seymour, N.
name: Chow, K. E.
name: Herzog, A.
name: Huynh, M. T.
name: Lenc, E.
name: Mao, M. Y.
name: Middelberg, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the third data release from the Australia Telescope Large Area Survey (ATLAS). These data combine the observations at 1.4 GHz before and after upgrades to the Australia Telescope Compact Array reaching a sensitivity of 14 microJy/beam in 3.6 deg^2 over the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS) and of 17 microJy/beam in 2.7 deg^2 over the European Large Area ISO Survey South 1 (ELAIS-S1). We used a variety of array configurations to maximise the uv coverage resulting in a resolution of 16 by 7 arcsec in CDFS and of 12 by 8 arcsec in ELAIS-S1. After correcting for peak bias and bandwidth smearing, we find a total of 3034 radio source components above 5 sigma in CDFS, of which 514 (17 per cent) are considered to be extended. The number of components detected above 5 sigma in ELAIS-S1 is 2084, of which 392 (19 per cent) are classified as extended. The catalogues include reliable spectral indices (delta alpha < 0.2) between 1.40 and 1.71 GHz for ~350 of the brightest components.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, MNRAS accepted
title: Multislice CT (MDCT) evaluation of multistep repair of mega-aortic syndrome with Lupiae technique
Creators: name: Gentinetta, Franco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dissection
subject: Dilatation
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Surgery
subject: Stents
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Goal of our exposure is to present several application of Lupiae tecnique and its steps in mega-aortic syndrome: - ascending aorta and arch replacement with a Gelweave Lupiae prosthesis plus epiaortic vessel debranching (thoracic Lupiae procedure) -...
Developments in Agriculture Trade in the BIMSTEC Region
Creators: name: Mohanty, S. K.
name: Gaur, Pankhuri
name: Mohanty, S. K.
name: Gaur, Pankhuri
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: agriculture
subject: trade
subject: bimstec
subject: region

description: BIMSTEC has been one of the topmost economic growth hotspots of the world, reigning almost over the past three decades. The region has displayed growth resilience and has circumvented the pressure of the prolonged global recession which has concluded its 15th year in a row. The growth profile of the region was almost uninterrupted irrespective of the shift in the global trade regimes.
Subtle linguistic cues increase girls' engagement in science
Creators: name: Rhodes, Marjorie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gender gaps in science
subject: generics
subject: language

description: The roots of gender disparities in science achievement take hold in early childhood. The present studies aimed to identify a modifiable feature of young children’s environments that could be targeted to reduce gender differences in science behavior among young children. Four experimental studies with children (N = 501) revealed that describing science in terms of actions (“Let’s do science! Doing science means exploring the world!”) instead of identities (“Let’s be scientists! Scientists explore the world”) increased girls’ subsequent persistence in new science games designed to illustrate the scientific method. These studies thus identified subtle but powerful linguistic cues that could be targeted to help reduce gender disparities in science engagement in early childhood.
Privileged Anatomical and Protocol Discrimination in Trackerless 3D Ultrasound Reconstruction
Creators: name: Li, Qi
name: Shen, Ziyi
name: Li, Qian
name: Barratt, Dean C.
name: Dowrick, Thomas
name: Clarkson, Matthew J.
name: Vercauteren, Tom
name: Hu, Yipeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Three-dimensional (3D) freehand ultrasound (US) reconstruction without using any additional external tracking device has seen recent advances with deep neural networks (DNNs). In this paper, we first investigated two identified contributing factors of the learned inter-frame correlation that enable the DNN-based reconstruction: anatomy and protocol. We propose to incorporate the ability to represent these two factors - readily available during training - as the privileged information to improve existing DNN-based methods. This is implemented in a new multi-task method, where the anatomical and protocol discrimination are used as auxiliary tasks. We further develop a differentiable network architecture to optimise the branching location of these auxiliary tasks, which controls the ratio between shared and task-specific network parameters, for maximising the benefits from the two auxiliary tasks. Experimental results, on a dataset with 38 forearms of 19 volunteers acquired with 6 different scanning protocols, show that 1) both anatomical and protocol variances are enabling factors for DNN-based US reconstruction; 2) learning how to discriminate different subjects (anatomical variance) and predefined types of scanning paths (protocol variance) both significantly improve frame prediction accuracy, volume reconstruction overlap, accumulated tracking error and final drift, using the proposed algorithm.
description: Accepted to Advances in Simplifying Medical UltraSound (ASMUS) workshop at MICCAI 2023
Tatooine Nurseries: Structure and Evolution of Circumbinary Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Vartanyan, David
name: Garmilla, Jose A.
name: Rafikov, Roman R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent discoveries of circumbinary planets by Kepler mission provide motivation for understanding their birthplaces - protoplanetary disks around stellar binaries with separations <1 AU. We explore properties and evolution of such circumbinary disks focusing on modification of their structure caused by tidal coupling to the binary. We develop a set of analytical scaling relations describing viscous evolution of the disk properties, which are verified and calibrated using 1D numerical calculations with realistic inputs. Injection of angular momentum by the central binary suppresses mass accretion onto the binary and causes radial distribution of the viscous angular momentum flux F_J to be different from that in a standard accretion disk around a single star with no torque at the center. Disks with no mass accretion at the center develop F_J profile which is flat in radius. Radial profiles of temperature and surface density are also quite different from those in disks around single stars. Damping of the density waves driven by the binary and viscous dissipation dominate heating of the inner disk (within 1-2 AU), pushing the iceline beyond 3-5 AU, depending on disk mass and age. Irradiation by the binary governs disk thermodynamics beyond ~10 AU. However, self-shadowing by the hot inner disk may render central illumination irrelevant out to ~20 AU. Spectral energy distribution of a circumbinary disk exhibits a distinctive bump around 10 micron, which may facilitate identification of such disks around unresolved binaries. Efficient tidal coupling to the disk drives orbital inspiral of the binary and may cause low-mass and compact binaries to merge into a single star within the disk lifetime. We generally find that circumbinary disks present favorable sites for planet formation (despite wider zone of volatile depletion), in agreement with the statistics of Kepler circumbinary planets.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, submitted to ApJ, minor typos corrected
Teleophthalmology as a Tool to Increase Screening Rates for Diabetic Retinopathy in Vulnerable Populations
Creators: name: Garza Rodriguez, Diego
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Purpose: This paper aims to synthesize the available published literature that examines the use of teleophthalmology as a tool to increase screening rates for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in vulnerable and rural populations. Methods: Literature from major databases were reviewed to determine whether teleophthalmology is an effective strategy for increasing screening rates for DR in identified populations. PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched using relevant keywords, all databases and search engines were restricted to the English language, without a publication date restriction. All study designs were included as long as they met the initial search criteria. Results: Seventy-six articles (n=76) were identified as relevant for teleophthalmology, DR screening and vulnerable populations. After further review of these articles, twenty-one (n=21) articles were included in the literature review. All of the included studies demonstrate that telemedicine increases DR screening examination rate in vulnerable populations. Conclusion: Screening with teleophthalmology programs can help reduce vision loss rates due to DR. Vulnerable populations as well as underserved areas can benefit from offering access to this cost-effective screening service.
Parents' Sources of Information and Advice and the Relationship to Breastfeeding and Solid Food Introduction in the First Two Years of Life
Creators: name: Pierce, Brittany
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Initiating and maintaining breastfeeding during infancy and delayed introduction of solid foods are associated with superior health outcomes in children. American mothers currently fall short of reaching national guidelines of exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, when solid foods are recommended in addition to breastfeeding until 1 year of age. A dearth of education about optimal infant feeding practices may contribute to mothers' lack of adherence to these guidelines. Determining the most effective sources of information and advice that influence mothers' feeding decisions may offer an opportunity to develop maternal education materials and programs to increase breastfeeding initiation, duration, and delayed introduction of solid foods in the United States. Methods: This systematic review searched PubMed for articles from 1995-present regarding sources of information and advice for mothers of infants (0-2 years old) and their associations with 1) breastfeeding initiation and/or duration and 2) introduction of solid foods. Studies were divided according to "passive" (media, unsolicited advice or opinions) or "active" (interventions or educational programs) sources of information. Randomized and non-randomized controlled trials and cohort studies were included in analysis and rated for quality as individual studies and in aggregate. Results were synthesized qualitatively. Results: From 294 abstracts, 40 full text articles were reviewed and 14 met eligibility criteria. 11 evaluated breastfeeding, 2 evaluated solid food introduction, and 1 study evaluated both outcomes. The overall quality of the body of evidence was low, with 11 of the 14 studies rated as poor quality. No studies were rated as good quality. Studies varied largely by population, exposures/sources of information measured, and measurement of outcomes. None of the included sources of information can be ascribed as superior to others with any certainty based on the poor quality of the available studies. Discussion: More research is needed to compare multiple sources of information regarding infant feeding to one another, and the need to capture the Internet as a potential source of information is especially great. Further research into the optimal sources of information can be used to determine how to educate mothers about infant feeding guidelines and practices in a cost-effective manner to reach a greater number of the public.
Ultrafast Radiographic Imaging and Tracking: An overview of instruments, methods, data, and applications
Creators: name: Wang, Zhehui
name: Leong, Andrew F. T.
name: Dragone, Angelo
name: Gleason, Arianna E.
name: Ballabriga, Rafael
name: Campbell, Christopher
name: Campbell, Michael
name: Clark, Samuel J.
name: Da Vià, Cinzia
name: Dattelbaum, Dana M.
name: Demarteau, Marcel
name: Fabris, Lorenzo
name: Fezzaa, Kamel
name: Fossum, Eric R.
name: Gruner, Sol M.
name: Hufnagel, Todd
name: Ju, Xiaolu
name: Li, Ke
name: Llopart, Xavier
name: Lukić, Bratislav
name: Rack, Alexander
name: Strehlow, Joseph
name: Therrien, Audrey C.
name: Thom-Levy, Julia
name: Wang, Feixiang
name: Xiao, Tiqiao
name: Xu, Mingwei
name: Yue, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast radiographic imaging and tracking (U-RadIT) use state-of-the-art ionizing particle and light sources to experimentally study sub-nanosecond dynamic processes in physics, chemistry, biology, geology, materials science and other fields. These processes, fundamental to nuclear fusion energy, advanced manufacturing, green transportation and others, often involve one mole or more atoms, and thus are challenging to compute by using the first principles of quantum physics or other forward models. One of the central problems in U-RadIT is to optimize information yield through, e.g. high-luminosity X-ray and particle sources, efficient imaging and tracking detectors, novel methods to collect data, and large-bandwidth online and offline data processing, regulated by the underlying physics, statistics, and computing power. We review and highlight recent progress in: a.) Detectors; b.) U-RadIT modalities; c.) Data and algorithms; and d.) Applications. Hardware-centric approaches to U-RadIT optimization are constrained by detector material properties, low signal-to-noise ratio, high cost and long development cycles of critical hardware components such as ASICs. Interpretation of experimental data, including comparisons with forward models, is frequently hindered by sparse measurements, model and measurement uncertainties, and noise. Alternatively, U-RadIT make increasing use of data science and machine learning algorithms, including experimental implementations of compressed sensing. Machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches, refined by physics and materials information, may also contribute significantly to data interpretation, uncertainty quantification, and U-RadIT optimization.
description: 52 pages, 32 figures; Overview of ultrafast radiographic imaging and tracking as a part of ULITIMA 2023 conference, Mar. 13-16,2023, Menlo Park, CA, USA
The Relationship Between Substandard Housing, Moisture, and Health in Southeastern North Carolina
Creators: name: Haddock, Jean Carlson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Much literature exists on the theoretical association between substandard housing and poor health status. Less hard data is available as to the extent of the problem of substandard housing in the nation, in North Carolina, or in the five-county area in Southeastern North Carolina. There is no standard definition of substandard housing, other than the absence of indoor plumbing and the presence of overcrowding. The links between housing in ill repair or damaged by the elements and acute and chronic disease have not yet been fully demonstrated for adults, although some work has been done in children. The major problem affecting both housing and health in southeastern North Carolina is excessive moisture. High water tables, frequent storms and flooding, poor repair, and high ambient humidity all contribute to water and moisture damage. Excessive moisture leads primarily to mold and structural damage, which then leads to an increase in prevalence and severity of respiratory disease as well as other conditions. Little or no government assistance is available to homeowners without the physical and monetary resources to remediate problem housing, and no widespread inspection process is in place. Nongovernmental agencies are beginning to address the problems of repair, new construction, and to train for maintenance. There is opportunity for clarification of a definition for substandard housing, for further study of the extent of substandard housing, and for cohort or matched set studies of the link between housing and health status. An integrated approach is needed to address all aspects of the problem, from health care to assessment and repair of the home. Partners from the Departments of Health, nongovernmental organizations, and the business community must work together for prevention and for remediation.
title: Paradoxycal pulmonary manifestations of pneumocystosis in immunoreconstitution syndrome in HIV+ patients: the role of HRCT
Creators: name: Palumbo, Cristiana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Treatment effects
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: AIDS

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To assess the role of HRCT in evaluation of paradoxycal manifestations of pneumocystosis pneumonia in the immunoreconstitution syndrome (IRIS), during HAART in patients HIV+ coinfected by Pneumocystis Jirovecii...
Particle-resolved thermal lattice Boltzmann simulation using OpenACC on multi-GPUs
Creators: name: Xu, Ao
name: Li, Bo-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We utilize the Open Accelerator (OpenACC) approach for graphics processing unit (GPU) accelerated particle-resolved thermal lattice Boltzmann (LB) simulation. We adopt the momentum-exchange method to calculate fluid-particle interactions to preserve the simplicity of the LB method. To address load imbalance issues, we extend the indirect addressing method to collect fluid-particle link information at each timestep and store indices of fluid-particle link in a fixed index array. We simulate the sedimentation of 4,800 hot particles in cold fluids with a domain size of $4000^{2}$, and the simulation achieves 1750 million lattice updates per second (MLUPS) on a single GPU. Furthermore, we implement a hybrid OpenACC and message passing interface (MPI) approach for multi-GPU accelerated simulation. This approach incorporates four optimization strategies, including building domain lists, utilizing request-answer communication, overlapping communications with computations, and executing computation tasks concurrently. By reducing data communication between GPUs, hiding communication latency through overlapping computation, and increasing the utilization of GPU resources, we achieve improved performance, reaching 10846 MLUPS using 8 GPUs. Our results demonstrate that the OpenACC-based GPU acceleration is promising for particle-resolved thermal lattice Boltzmann simulation.
description: 46 pages, 18 figures
DClEVerNet: Deep Combinatorial Learning for Efficient EV Charging Scheduling in Large-scale Networked Facilities
Creators: name: Alshehhi, Bushra
name: Karapetyan, Areg
name: Elbassioni, Khaled
name: Chau, Sid Chi-Kin
name: Khonji, Majid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the electrification of transportation, the rising uptake of electric vehicles (EVs) might stress distribution networks significantly, leaving their performance degraded and stability jeopardized. To accommodate these new loads cost-effectively, modern power grids require coordinated or ``smart'' charging strategies capable of optimizing EV charging scheduling in a scalable and efficient fashion. With this in view, the present work focuses on reservation management programs for large-scale, networked EV charging stations. We formulate a time-coupled binary optimization problem that maximizes EV users' total welfare gain while accounting for the network's available power capacity and stations' occupancy limits. To tackle the problem at scale while retaining high solution quality, a data-driven optimization framework combining techniques from the fields of Deep Learning and Approximation Algorithms is introduced. The framework's key ingredient is a novel input-output processing scheme for neural networks that allows direct extrapolation to problem sizes substantially larger than those included in the training set. Extensive numerical simulations based on synthetic and real-world data traces verify the effectiveness and superiority of the presented approach over two representative scheduling algorithms. Lastly, we round up the contributions by listing several immediate extensions to the proposed framework and outlining the prospects for further exploration.
description: Published in the proceedings of the 14th ACM International Conference on Future Energy Systems (Best paper award nominee). https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3575813.3595205
Pro Memoria. Es hat dem äußerlichen Vernehmen nach, das von dem Kayserlichen und Reichs-Cammer-Gericht unter dem 20ten Junii 1759. an den Pfenningmeister erlassene, und die Abwendung des durch die große Müntz-Verwirrung immerhin höher steigenen Verlusts der Cameral-Besoldungen bloß allein zum Gegenstand habende Decretum einiges Aufsehen bey der allgemeinen Reichs-Versammlung, oder vielmehr bey ein-so anderen dasigen Gesandtschafften erwecket ...; 1760
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2013

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Gedruckt Wetzlar den 4ten Tag Monaths Junii 1760.
title: IgG4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis: Imaging features with clinical correlations.
Creators: name: Inoue, Dai
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a recently established disease entity, which has been engaging a lot of investigators over this decade. An Association between serum IgG4 elevation and autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), the prototype of IgG4-RD, was...
The Association between Waist-Hip Ratio and Coronary Heart Disease: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Gillespie, Michael J., MD
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (NCEP/ATP III) agree that obesity is strongly associated with risk for coronary heart disease; however, they have chosen not to include measures of obesity in a risk assessment tool because the incremental amount of risk has not been quantified and because of the unknown clinical and economical impact of prescribing lipid lowering statin medications to the large number of obese patients. We preformed a systematic review of the literature to quantify the incremental CHD risk associated with having an elevated WHR ratio taking into account standard CHD risk factors.
A New Weighted Information Generating Function for Discrete Probability Distributions
Creators: name: Srivastava, Amit
name: Maheshwari, Shikha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The object of this paper is to introduce a new weighted information generating function whose derivative at point 1 gives some well known measures of information. Some properties and particular cases of the proposed generating function have also been studied.