cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determining the minimal mass of a proto-neutron star with chirally constrained nuclear equations of state
Creators: name: Kunkel, Selina
name: Wystub, Stephan
name: Schaffner-Bielich, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimal masses and radii of proto-neutron stars during different stages of their evolution are investigated. In our work we focus on two stages, directly after the supernova shock wave moves outwards, where neutrinos are still captured in the core and the lepton per baryon ratio is fixed to $Y_L = 0.4$, and a few seconds afterwards, when all neutrinos have left the star. All nuclear equations of state used for this purpose fulfill the binding energy constraints from chiral effective field theory for neutron matter at zero temperature. We find for the neutrino-trapped case higher minimal masses than for the case when neutrinos have left the proto-neutron star. Thermal effects, here in the form of a given constant entropy per baryon $s$, have a smaller effect on increasing the minimal mass. The minimal proto-neutron star mass for the first evolutionary stage with $Y_L = 0.4$ and $s = 1$ amounts to $M_{min} \sim 0.62M_{\odot}$ and for the stage without neutrinos and $s = 2$ to $M_{min} \sim 0.22M_{\odot}$ rather independent on the nuclear equation of state used. We also study the case related to an accretion induced collapse of a white dwarf where the initial lepton fraction is $Y_L = 0.5$ and observe large discrepancies in the results of the different tables of nuclear equations of state used. Our finding points towards a thermodynamical inconsistent treatment of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition for nuclear equations of state in tabular form demanding a fully generalized three-dimensional Gibbs construction for a proper treatment. Finally, we demonstrate that there is a universal relation for the increase of the proto-neutron star minimal mass with the lepton fraction for all nuclear equations of state used.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Analysis of performance of three- and five-stack achromatic half-wave plates at millimeter wavelengths
Creators: name: Matsumura, Tomotake
name: Hanany, Shaul
name: Johnson, Bradley R.
name: Jones, Terry J.
name: Jonnalagadda, Prashanth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the performance of achromatic half-wave plates (AHWP) as a function of their construction parameters, the detection bandwidth of a power detector operating in the millimeter wave band, and the spectral shape of the incident radiation. We focus particular attention on the extraction of the degree of incident polarization and its orientation angle from the intensity measured as a function of AHWP rotation angle, which we call the IVA (intensity versus angle). We quantify the phase offset of the IVA and point to potential systematic errors in the extraction of this offset in cases where the incident spectrum is not sufficiently well known. We show how the phase offset and modulation efficiency of the AHWP depend on the relative angles between the plates in the stack and find that high modulation efficiency can be achieved with alignment accuracy of few degrees.
description: submitted to Applied Optics
Parallax and Distance Estimates for Twelve Cataclysmic Variable Stars
Creators: name: Thorstensen, J. R.
name: Lepine, S.
name: Shara, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report parallax and distance estimates for twelve more cataclysmic binaries and related objects observed with the 2.4m Hiltner telescope at MDM Observatory. The final parallax accuracy is typically about 1 mas. For only one of the twelve objects, IR Gem, do we fail to detect a significant parallax. Notable results include distances for V396 Hya (CE 315), a helium double degenerate with a relatively long orbital period, and for MQ Dra (SDSSJ155331+551615), a magnetic system with a very low accretion rate. We find that the Z Cam star KT Persei is physically paired with a K main-sequence star lying 15 arcsec away. Several of the targets have distance estimates in the literature that are based on the white dwarf's effective temperature and flux; our measurements broadly corroborate these estimates, but tend to put the stars a bit closer, indicating that the white dwarfs may have rather larger masses than assumed. As a side note, we briefly describe radial velocity spectroscopy that refines the orbital period of V396 Hya to 65.07 +- 0.08 min.
description: Accepted for Astronomical Journal. 19 pages, no figures
Aspects of secondary metabolism in basidiomycetes: I. biological and biochemical studies on Psilocybe cubensis II. a survey of phenol-o-methyltransferase in species of Lentinus and Lentinellus
Creators: name: Wang, Wei-Wei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: I. Psilocybe cubensis was cultured successfully in two media. Medium A was devised by Catalfomo and Tyler and Medium B was a modification of a medium which has been used for ergot alkaloid production by Claviceps purpurea. Only when the fungus was kept on Sabouraud agar plates.did it subsequently produce psilocybin when transferred to liquid media. A quantitative time-course study of psilocybin production in the two media was carried out. Maximal production appeared on the fifth day. The activities of an acid phosphatase, acting on psilocybin, were measured from mycelia grown in the two media. Enzyme activity from the A culture was very high and a blue color caused by oxidation of psilocin formed in five minutes. The effect of adding L-tryptophan on alkaloid production as well as the fate of tryptophan-C¹⁴ was also investigated. Tryptophan stimulated significantly psilocybin production in the very beginning in the B medium. The degradation of tryptophan was different in the two media. It was converted to kynurenine and anthranilic acid in A medium and to tryptamine in tryptophan added B medium (B' medium). Radioactive D,L-tryptophan side chain labeled, gave labeled psilocin and psilocybin. Potassium deficiency decreased psilocybin production while a potassium supplement had no effect. The fungus did not produce polyacetylenic compounds in the medium but ergosterol was detected as a major acetate derived metabolite when the fungus was kept on MYP agar plates and transferred subsequently to liquid media. Psilocin has very slight antibiotic activity against Candida albicans whereas psilocybin has none. II. Eight species of Lentinus and Lentinellus were investigated for the occurrence of a phenol-O-methyltransferase. Only Lentinus lepideus and Lentinus pbnderbsus showed enzyme activity in both light and dark conditions. The specificity of the enzyme for a number of substrates was also examined. Of six compounds tested, methyl p-coumarate, methyl caffeate and methyl ferulate.served-as substrates. The products of enzymic activity were identified-by radioautography.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Lämmel, Ralf
name: Mosses, Peter D.
name: Steimann, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Software and its engineering
subject: Theory of computation
subject: Information systems
subject: Mathematics of computing
subject: Social and professional topics
subject: Applied computing → Education
subject: General and reference → Biographies

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: OASIcs, Vol. 109, Eelco Visser Commemorative Symposium (EVCS 2023), pages 0:i-0:xviii
title: Report: Spatial Facilitation-inhibition Effects on Vegetation Distribution and their Associated Patterns
Creators: name: D'Alessio, Daniel
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Changes in the spatial distribution of vegetation respond to variations in the production and transportation mechanisms of seeds at different locations subject to heterogeneities, often because of soil characteristics. In semi-arid environments, the competition for water and nutrients pushes the superficial plant’s roots to obtain scarce resources at long ranges. In this report, we assume that vegetation biomass interacts with itself in two different ways, facilitation and inhibition, depending on the relative distances. We present a 1-dimensional Integro-difference model to represent and study the emergence of patterns in the distribution of vegetation.
Holographic Schwinger-Keldysh effective field theories including a non-hydrodynamic mode
Creators: name: Liu, Yan
name: Sun, Ya-Wen
name: Wu, Xin-Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the Schwinger-Keldysh effective field theories for diffusion including the lowest non-hydrodynamic degree of freedom from holographic Gubser-Rocha systems. At low temperature the dynamical non-hydrodynamic mode could be either an IR mode or a slow mode, which is related to IR quantum critical excitations or encodes the information of all energy scales. This additional dynamical vector mode could be viewed as an ultraviolet sector of the diffusive hydrodynamic theory. We construct two different effective actions for each case and discuss their physical properties. In particular we show that the Kubo-Martin-Schwinger symmetry is preserved.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure; Contribution to the memorial volume for Jan Zaanen in Physica C
Coronal Magnetic Field Measurements along a Partially Erupting Filament in a Solar Flare
Creators: name: Wei, Yuqian
name: Chen, Bin
name: Yu, Sijie
name: Wang, Haimin
name: Jing, Ju
name: Gary, Dale E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic flux ropes are the centerpiece of solar eruptions. Direct measurements for the magnetic field of flux ropes are crucial for understanding the triggering and energy release processes, yet they remain heretofore elusive. Here we report microwave imaging spectroscopy observations of an M1.4-class solar flare that occurred on 2017 September 6, using data obtained by the Expanded Owens Valley Solar Array. This flare event is associated with a partial eruption of a twisted filament observed in Hα by the Goode Solar Telescope at the Big Bear Solar Observatory. The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray signatures of the event are generally consistent with the standard scenario of eruptive flares, with the presence of double flare ribbons connected by a bright flare arcade. Intriguingly, this partial eruption event features a microwave counterpart, whose spatial and temporal evolution closely follow the filament seen in Hα and EUV. The spectral properties of the microwave source are consistent with nonthermal gyrosynchrotron radiation. Using spatially resolved microwave spectral analysis, we derive the magnetic field strength along the filament spine, which ranges from 600-1400 Gauss from its apex to the legs. The results agree well with the non-linear force-free magnetic model extrapolated from the pre-flare photospheric magnetogram. We conclude that the microwave counterpart of the erupting filament is likely due to flare-accelerated electrons injected into the filament-hosting magnetic flux rope cavity following the newly reconnected magnetic field lines.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Superconformal Chern-Simons Theories and AdS_4/CFT_3 Correspondence
Creators: name: Benna, Marcus
name: Klebanov, Igor
name: Klose, Thomas
name: Smedbäck, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the N=2 superspace formulation of the N=8 superconformal Bagger-Lambert-Gustavsson theory, and of the N=6 superconformal Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena U(N)xU(N) Chern-Simons theory. In particular, we prove the full SU(4) R-symmetry of the ABJM theory. We then consider orbifold projections of this theory that give non-chiral and chiral (U(N)xU(N))^n superconformal quiver gauge theories. We argue that these theories are dual to certain AdS_4 x S^7/(Z_n x Z_k) backgrounds of M-theory. We also study a SU(3) invariant mass term in the superpotential that makes the N=8 theory flow to a N=2 superconformal gauge theory with a sextic superpotential. We conjecture that this gauge theory is dual to the U(1)_R x SU(3) invariant extremum of the N=8 gauged supergravity, which was discovered by N. Warner 25 years ago and whose uplifting to 11 dimensions was found more recently.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, v2: minor improvements, references added, v3: moduli space of orbifolds clarified, published version
New parameter region in sterile neutrino searches: a scenario to alleviate cosmological neutrino mass bound and its testability at oscillation experiments
Creators: name: Ota, Toshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent high-precision cosmological data tighten the bound to neutrino masses and start rising a tension to the results of lab-experiment measurements, which may hint new physics in the role of neutrinos during the structure formation in the universe. A scenario with massless sterile neutrinos was proposed to alleviate the cosmological bound and recover the concordance in the measurements of neutrino masses. We revisit the scenario and discuss its testability at oscillation experiments. We find that the scenario is viable with a large active-sterile mixing that is testable at oscillation experiments. We present a numerical estimation of the sensitivity reach of the IceCube atmospheric neutrino observation to a sterile neutrino with a mass lighter than active neutrinos for the first time. IceCube shows a good sensitivity to the active-sterile mixing at the mass-square difference with a size of $\sim 0.1$ eV$^{2}$ in the case of the \textit{inverted-mass-ordering sterile neutrino}, which is forbidden under the assumption of the standard cosmology but is allowed thanks to the alleviation of the cosmological bound in this scenario.
description: 9 pages, 2 eps figures; v2: published version, added references
Additional file 1 of Tocilizumab treatment for COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wei, Qiu
name: Lin, Hua
name: Wei, Rong-Guo
name: Chen, Nian
name: He, Fan
name: Zou, Dong-Hua
name: Wei, Jin-Ru
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Quadratic exponential vectors
Creators: name: Accardi, Luigi
name: Dhahri, Ameur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a sufficient condition for the existence of a quadratic exponential vector with test function in L2(Rd) ? L?(Rd). We prove the linear independence and totality, in the quadratic Fock space, of these vectors. Using a technique different from the one used, we also extend, to a more general class of test functions, the explicit form of the scalar product between two such vectors.
description: 26
N-point functions in rolling tachyon background
Creators: name: Jokela, Niko
name: Jarvinen, Matti
name: Keski-Vakkuri, Esko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study n-point boundary correlation functions in Timelike Boundary Liouville theory, relevant for open string multiproduction by a decaying unstable D-brane. We give an exact result for the one-point function of the tachyon vertex operator and show that it is consistent with a previously proposed relation to a conserved charge in string theory. We also discuss when the one-point amplitude vanishes. Using a straightforward perturbative expansion, we find an explicit expression for a tachyon n-point amplitude for all n, however the result is still a toy model. The calculation uses a new asymptotic approximation for Toeplitz determinants, derived by relating the system to a Dyson gas at finite temperature.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures. v2: minor corrections, comments and reference added. v3: revised version, added spatial momentum dependence and references, to appear in PRD
title: Drone Technology in Agriculture Appraisal
Creators: name: Johnson, CJ
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: The purpose of this project is to conduct a cost-benefit analysis of implementing a UAV/drone technology within agricultural appraisals. This project is categorized into four categories; introduction, literature review, methodology, and conclusions. The methodology portion of the project is a capital budget analysis measuring the effectiveness of UAVs within the appraisal department. The capital budget will be further developed by conducting a Present Value (NPV) analysis. The NPV analysis consists of a five-year NPV analysis measuring changes in productivity and total revenue caused by UAV technology.
Results were found by using @Risk simulation to simulate data gathered during the project. Data was gathered by doing filed experiments on drone effectiveness during the appraisal process. The simulated data was incorporated into various budgets and used to create a five-year NPV analysis. Three separate scenarios were created, representing a Best-Case, Average-Case, and Worst-Case scenario. An NPV analysis was conducted for each of the three scenarios. Data for all three scenarios was found by conducting field experiments data. Also, all three scenarios have a discount rate of 10%. For each scenario, Year 1 includes the initial investment of purchasing the drone.
The conclusion portion of this project will include a summary of the project, point out potential weaknesses within the project, and state the final consensus about UAV technology used within the agricultural appraisal industry. Thought the course of this project, the terms UAVs and drones will be used interchangeably. The final consensus about UAV use within agriculture appraisal is that despite the legal and time risks, UAVs are still beneficial to agricultural appraisers. As mentioned in the report, done use can increase efficiency and accuracy when inspecting larger tracts of land. UAVs allow appraisers to view areas of the property that are difficult to assess due to weather, accessibility, or terrain.
Geodesic motion of a test particle around a noncommutative Schwarzchild Anti-de Sitter black hole
Creators: name: Larbi, Mohamed Aimen
name: Zaim, Slimane
name: Touati, Abdellah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we derive non-commutative corrections to the Schwarzschild-Anti-de Sitter solution up to the first and second orders of the non-commutative parameter $Θ$. Additionally, we obtain the corresponding deformed effective potentials and the non-commutative geodesic equations for massive particles. Through the analysis of time-like non-commutative geodesics for various values of $Θ$, we demonstrate that the circular geodesic orbits of the non-commutative Schwarzschild-Anti-de Sitter black hole exhibit greater stability compared to those of the commutative one. Furthermore, we derive corrections to the perihelion deviation angle per revolution as a function of $Θ$. By applying this result to the perihelion precession of Mercury and utilizing experimental data, we establish a new upper bound on the non-commutative parameter, estimated to be on the order of $10^{-66}\,\mathrm{m}^2$.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Metaverse Innovation Canvas: A Tool for Extended Reality Product/Service Development
Creators: name: Asadi, Amir Reza
name: Saraee, Mohamad
name: Mohammadi, Azadeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study investigated the factors contributing to the failure of augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) startups in the emerging metaverse landscape. Through an in-depth analysis of 29 failed AR/VR startups from 2016 to 2022, key pitfalls were identified, such as a lack of scalability, poor usability, unclear value propositions, and the failure to address specific user problems. Grounded in these findings, we developed the Metaverse Innovation Canvas (MIC) a tailored business ideation framework for XR products and services. The canvas guides founders to define user problems, articulate unique XR value propositions, evaluate usability factors such as the motion-based interaction load, consider social/virtual economy opportunities, and plan for long term scalability. Unlike generalized models, specialized blocks prompt the consideration of critical XR factors from the outset. The canvas was evaluated through expert testing with startup consultants on five failed venture cases. The results highlighted the tool's effectiveness in surfacing overlooked usability issues and technology constraints upfront, enhancing the viability of future metaverse startups.
title: Current Expected Credit Losses Methodology
Creators: name: Crandall, Rhett
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: The purpose of this paper is to implement the Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL) methodology for an Association of the Farm Credit System (FCS). CECL was released in 2016 by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and is expected to be implemented by all banks and lending institutions starting Jan. 1, 2023. CECL changes the way lenders account for Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses (ALLL) by allocating a small amount of allowance for loan loss for each loan at origination. The association for which this project was designed provided historical loan data for 21,755 loans which tracked probability of default (PD) migrations from November 2000 to February 2019. The data was sorted by loan type and original maturity. Seven segments were identified based on loan type and average life of loan. Using monthly PD migrations, the segments were multiplied by a 12-month factor provided by the FCS administrator which resulted in the PD factor for that particular PD and segment. The PD factor was multiplied by an LGD factor and the amortized principal balance for the designated segment of that loan to calculate how much allowance should be allocated for each loan. Using the provided data and formula, the Allowance for Loan and Lease Loss was reduced by 36.9% by using the CECL method.
Perturbative approach to an exactly solved problem: the Kitaev honeycomb model
Creators: name: Vidal, J.
name: Schmidt, K. P.
name: Dusuel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the gapped phase of the Kitaev honeycomb model perturbatively in the isolated-dimer limit. Our analysis is based on the continuous unitary transformations method which allows one to compute the spectrum as well as matrix elements of operators between eigenstates, at high order. The starting point of our study consists in an exact mapping of the original honeycomb spin system onto a square-lattice model involving an effective spin and a hardcore boson. We then derive the low-energy effective Hamiltonian up to order 10 which is found to describe an interacting-anyon system, contrary to the order 4 result which predicts a free theory. These results give the ground-state energy in any vortex sector and thus also the vortex gap, which is relevant for experiments. Furthermore, we show that the elementary excitations are emerging free fermions composed of a hardcore boson with an attached spin- and phase- operator string. We also focus on observables and compute, in particular, the spin-spin correlation functions. We show that they admit a multi-plaquette expansion that we derive up to order 6. Finally, we study the creation and manipulation of anyons with local operators, show that they also create fermions, and discuss the relevance of our findings for experiments in optical lattices.
description: 28 pages, 25 figures
title: Representations of Masculinity and the Influence of Bruce Lee in Film
Creators: name: Meng, Zhenxia
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis is an annotated bibliography that lays a critical foundation for examining the performance of heroism, violence, male bonding, and masculinity in the movies of Enter the Dragon (1973) by Bruce Lee, Hard Boiled (1992) by John Woo, and Kill Bill, Vol. 1 and Vol. 2 (2003-04) and Once Upon a Time in Hollywood by Quentin Tarantino. I am interested in comparing the representations of masculinity in these films, focusing specifically on how Woo and Tarantino have been influenced by Lee’s films. Before I can begin this comparative research project, however, I need to conduct extensive research into several specific subject areas, which is why I have decided to structure my thesis as an extended literature review in the form of an annotated bibliography. The purpose of this annotated bibliography is to identify and analyze sources that will help me track the traditional Chinese views and representations of masculinity, particularly regarding chivalrism and its representation in Hong Kong and Hollywood films. I am also interested in studying Western perceptions of Asian masculinity, which have been affected by the bias of Orientalism, which portrays Chinese and Asian masculinity in inferior terms compared to their Western counterparts. I would also like to examine the particular political, social, and economic back grounds that inform the representations of masculinity in the films of Bruce Lee and later John Woo and Quentin Tarantino, which have appealed to audiences across the world.
Honeycomb lattice in metal-rich chalcogenide Fe2Te
Creators: name: Guan, Jia-Qi
name: Wang, Li
name: Wang, Pengdong
name: Ren, Wei
name: Lu, Shuai
name: Huang, Rong
name: Li, Fangsen
name: Song, Can-Li
name: Ma, Xu-Cun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional honeycomb crystals have inspired intense research interest for their novel properties and great potential in electronics and optoelectronics. Here, through molecular beam epitaxy on SrTiO3(001), we report successful epitaxial growth of metal-rich chalcogenide Fe2Te, a honeycomb-structured film that has no direct bulk analogue, under Te-limited growth conditions. The structural morphology and electronic properties of Fe2Te are explored with scanning tunneling microscopy and angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy, which reveal electronic bands cross the Fermi level and nearly flat bands. Moreover, we find a weak interfacial interaction between Fe2Te and the underlying substrates, paving a newly developed alternative avenue for honeycomb-based electronic devices.
description: 12 pages,5 figures
title: The Volatility Implications of the Chinese Cryptocurrency Ban
Creators: name: Manwaring, Keaton
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: In this paper, I examine the effect of the May 18th, 2021 Chinese ban of cryptocurrency transactions on the overall volatility of the cryptocurrency market. To do this, I analyze, in both univariate and multivariate settings, range-based volatility in various event windows surrounding the event. I find clear economic and statistical change in volatility in the five days after the ban. In the ten-day period after the ban, there is a moderate economic change in volatility. In the forty-day period after the ban, there is little economic change in volatility. I conclude that the Chinese ban had a clear short-term impact on the volatility of the cryptocurrency marketplace, but the effects wore off shortly thereafter.
Oxygen adsorption induced superconductivity in ultrathin FeTe film on SrTiO3(001)
Creators: name: Ren, Wei
name: Ru, Hao
name: Peng, Kun
name: Li, Huifang
name: Lu, Shuai
name: Chen, Aixi
name: Wang, Pengdong
name: Fang, Xinwei
name: Li, Zhiyun
name: Huang, Rong
name: Wang, Li
name: Wang, Yihua
name: Li, Fangsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of oxygen incorporation induced superconductivity in iron telluride (Fe1+yTe, with antiferromagnetic (AFM) orders) is intriguing and quite different from the case of FeSe. Until now, the microscopic origin of the induced superconductivity and the role of oxygen are far from clear. Here, by combining in-situ scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) on oxygenated FeTe, we found physically adsorbed O2 molecules crystallized into c(2/3x2) structure as an oxygen overlayer at low temperature, which was vital for superconductivity. The O2 overlayer were not epitaxial on the FeTe lattice, which implied weak O2-FeTe interaction but strong molecular interactions. Energy shift observed in the STS and XPS measurements indicated hole doping effect from the O2 overlayer to the FeTe layer, leading to a superconducting gap of 4.5 meV opened across the Fermi level. Our direct microscopic probe clarified the role of oxygen on FeTe and emphasized the importance of charge transfer effect to induce superconductivity in iron-chalcogenide thin films.
description: 15 pages,4 figures
The contribution of non-renewable natural resources to economic development : the case of copper in Zambia
Creators: name: Panaĭotov, Todor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis focuses on three aspects of long-run planning for mineral-dependent economies: (i) modelling mineral depletion for optimal capital accumulation; (ii) specification and estimation of a mining cost function and a non-mining production function; and (iii) measurement of capital and natural resource stocks. Zambia, a country totally dependent on copper, is used as a case study. The planning model integrates the Ramsey capital model with the Hotelling-Scott exhaustible resource model, utilizing recent advances in dynamic optimization and duality theory. The optimal rate of resource extraction requires that marginal variable cost plus user cost be equal to the world price of the mineral. The user cost of the resource grows at the rate of interest plus the rate of population growth minus the effect of depletion on extraction cost. The optimal allocation of resource revenues equates the marginal benefits from alternative uses: (i) current consumption to raise the standard of living of a growing population; (ii) mining investment to maintain production in the face of deteriorating resource quality; and (iii) non-mining investment to create an industrial base as an alternative to the depleting resource. A variable cost function (VCF) for the mining industry is derived from the assumption that the mining firm minimizes the variable cost of producing a given output. The parameters of a translog VCF for Zambian copper mining are estimated and found to be consistent with the underlying theory. It is also found that domestic labour is only imperfectly substitutable for imported machinery and that labour demand is not very responsive to changing wages. A substantial portion of the empirical contribution is the construction of comprehensive data series for Zambia using the perpetual inventory approach to capital stocks, Divisia, Indexes, and the neoclassical theory of rental prices. Production figures for individual mines are used to construct aggregate cumulative series to which a curve of diminishing increments is fitted to obtain andestimate of the Zambian copper resource.
On polynomial equations over split octonions
Creators: name: Lopatin, Artem
name: Rybalov, Alexander N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A75, 17D05, 20G41

description: Working over the split octonions over an algebraically closed field, we solve all polynomial equations in which all the coefficients but the constant term are scalar. As a consequence, we calculate the n-th roots of an octonion.
description: 12 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2411.08500
A non-simply laced version for cluster structures on 2-Calabi-Yau categories
Creators: name: Nguefack, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 16G70, Secondary: 18E30, 18E10, 13F60, 12E15

description: This paper investigates a non simply-laced version of cluster structures for 2-Calabi-Yau or stably 2-Calabi-Yau categories over arbitrary fields. It results that 2-Calabi-Yau or stably 2-Calabi-Yau categories having a cluster tilting subcategory with neither loops nor 2-cycles do have the generalized version of cluster structure. This is in particular the case of cluster categories over non-algebraically closed fields.
description: Beamer version. Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra, Available online 1 December 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpaa.2013.11.027
title: Equivalence: A Covariantly Constant Problem in General Relativity
Creators: name: Hobbs, Jaren
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: In studying the space-time structures described by Einstein’s theory of general relativity, it is often useful to identify particular properties referred to as geometrical invariants. These are attributes of the space-times which do not change regardless of the underlying coordinate systems used to study them. This project is part of a larger effort to catalogue space-times studied in general relativity. Specifically, computational software was used to identify structures known as covariantly constant vector fields.
Turbulent aspects of BMN membrane dynamics
Creators: name: Axenides, Minos
name: Floratos, Emmanuel
name: Linardopoulos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T30, 81T35, 83E30

description: We investigate the large-N limit of the BMN matrix model with classical bosonic membranes which have spherical topologies and spin inside the 11-dimensional maximally supersymmetric plane-wave background. First we classify all possible M2-brane configurations based on the distribution of their components inside the SO(3)xSO(6) symmetric plane-wave spacetime. We then formulate a number of simple but very representative ansatzes of dielectric tops that rotate in this space. We examine the leading-order radial and angular/multipole stability for a wide range of these configurations. By analyzing perturbations at the next-to-leading order, we find that they exhibit the phenomenon of turbulent cascading of instabilities. Thereby, long-wavelength perturbations generate higher-order multipole instabilities through their nonlinear couplings.
description: 53 pages, 14 figures. Matches published version
A Realistic Formalism for 4N Bound State in a Three-Dimensional Yakubovsky Scheme
Creators: name: Bayegan, S.
name: Hadizadeh, M. R.
name: Gloeckle, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spin-isospin dependent Three-Dimensional formalism based on the momentum vectors for the four-nucleon bound state is presented. The four-nucleon Yakubovsky equations with two- and three-nucleon interactions are formulated as a function of the vector Jacobi momenta. Our formalism, according to the number of spin-isospin states that one takes into account, leads to only a strictly finite number of the coupled three-dimensional integral equations to be solved. The evaluation of the transition and permutation operators as well as the coordinate transformations due to considering the continuous angle variables instead of the discrete angular momentum quantum numbers are less complicated in comparison with partial wave representation. With respect to partial wave the present formalism with the smaller number of equations leads to higher dimensionality of the integral equations. We have concluded that Three-Dimensional formalism is less cumbersome for considering the three-nucleon forces.
description: 32 pages, 2 eps figures, 3 tables
Partially massless spin 2 and supersymmetry
Creators: name: Zinoviev, Yu. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The very existence of partially massless spin 2 supermultiplet tell us that partially massless spin 2 has two natural superpartners: massless spin 3/2 and massive spin 3/2 with some special value of mass. As for any pair of fields connected by global supertransformations there are two natural questions: existence of the self-interaction and possibility to make supertransformations to be local by switching their interaction with massless spin 3/2 gravitino. At first, we consider a self-interaction for the partially massless spin 2 and massive spin 3/2 which may be considered as the first approximation to partially massless supergravity and provide a direct construction of the minimal (i.e. having no more than one derivative) vertex which resembles usual supergravity. Then we consider localization of global supersymmetry which connects partially massless spin 2 with its two possible superpartners -- massless spin 3/2 and massive with special mass value. For the first case we also managed to construct a minimal vertex having no more that one derivative. Again this vertex can be considered as a part of what can be called partially massless $N=2$ supergravity. As for the second case, the corresponding vertex does exist but it has higher derivative terms.
description: 20 pages
Hawking Radiation of Apparent Horizon in a FRW Universe
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Cao, Li-Ming
name: Hu, Ya-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hawking radiation is an important quantum phenomenon of black hole, which is closely related to the existence of event horizon of black hole. The cosmological event horizon of de Sitter space is also of the Hawking radiation with thermal spectrum. By use of the tunneling approach, we show that there is indeed a Hawking radiation with temperature, $T=1/2π\tilde r_A$, for locally defined apparent horizon of a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe with any spatial curvature, where $\tilde r_A$ is the apparent horizon radius. Thus we fill in the gap existing in the literature investigating the relation between the first law of thermodynamics and Friedmann equations, there the apparent horizon is assumed to have such a temperature without any proof. In addition, we stress the implication of the Hawking temperature associated with the apparent horizon.
description: Latex, 9 paages; v2 published version
title: Tutorial Reading Programs in the Elementary School: A Survey
Creators: name: Mitchell, Judith P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: In this complex and often confusing country, reading is viewed by many people as the most important skill a child can acquire during his school years. Success in school, of both children and teachers, particularly in the elementary grades, is often measured by children's success in learning how to read. Reading is the tool that unlocks most knowledge for children and adults alike. As a person seeks employment the inability to read or the inability to read with facility greatly limits the opportunities.
Automated Enterprise Architecture Model Mining
Creators: name: Hillmann, Peter
name: Heiland, Erik
name: Karcher, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Metadata are like the steam engine of the 21st century, driving businesses and offer multiple enhancements. Nevertheless, many companies are unaware that these data can be used efficiently to improve their own operation. This is where the Enterprise Architecture Framework comes in. It empowers an organisation to get a clear view of their business, application, technical and physical layer. This modelling approach is an established method for organizations to take a deeper look into their structure and processes. The development of such models requires a great deal of effort, is carried out manually by interviewing stakeholders and requires continuous maintenance. Our new approach enables the automated mining of Enterprise Architecture models. The system uses common technologies to collect the metadata based on network traffic, log files and other information in an organisation. Based on this, the new approach generates EA models with the desired views points. Furthermore, a rule and knowledge-based reasoning is used to obtain a holistic overview. This offers a strategic decision support from business structure over process design up to planning the appropriate support technology. Therefore, it forms the base for organisations to act in an agile way. The modelling can be performed in different modelling languages, including ArchiMate and the Nato Architecture Framework (NAF). The designed approach is already evaluated on a small company with multiple services and an infrastructure with several nodes.
Residue currents associated with weakly holomorphic functions
Creators: name: Lärkäng, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct Coleff-Herrera products and Bochner-Martinelli type residue currents associated with a tuple $f$ of weakly holomorphic functions, and show that these currents satisfy basic properties from the (strongly) holomorphic case, as the transformation law, the Poincaré-Lelong formula and the equivalence of the Coleff-Herrera product and the Bochner-Martinelli type residue current associated with $f$ when $f$ defines a complete intersection.
description: 28 pages. Updated with some corrections from the revision process. In particular, corrected and clarified some things in Section 5 and 6 regarding products of weakly holomorphic functions and currents, and the definition of the Bochner-Martinelli type currents
Assembling the Building Blocks of Giant Planets around Intermediate Mass Stars
Creators: name: Kretke, K. A.
name: Lin, D. N. C.
name: Garaud, P.
name: Turner, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a physical process that leads to the efficient formation of gas giant planets around intermediate mass stars. In the gaseous protoplanetary disks surrounding rapidly-accreting intermediate-mass stars we show that the midplane temperature (heated primarily by turbulent dissipation) can reach > 1000 K out to 1 AU. Thermal ionization of this hot gas couples the disk to the magnetic field, allowing the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) to generate turbulence and transport angular momentum. Further from the central star the ionization fraction decreases, decoupling the disk from the magnetic field and reducing the efficiency of angular momentum transport. As the disk evolves towards a quasi-steady state, a local maximum in the surface density and in the midplane pressure both develop at the inner edge of the MRI-dead zone, trapping inwardly migrating solid bodies. Small particles accumulate and coagulate into planetesimals which grow rapidly until they reach isolation mass. In contrast to the situation around solar type stars, we show that the isolation mass for cores at this critical radius around the more massive stars is large enough to promote the accretion of significant amounts of gas prior to disk depletion. Through this process, we anticipate a prolific production of gas giants at ~1 AU around intermediate-mass stars.
description: 24 pages with 5 figures, preprint format. Submitted to ApJ
GRB 101225A as Orphan Dipole Radiation of a Newborn Magnetar with Precession Rotation in an Off-Axis Gamma-Ray Burst
Creators: name: Zou, Le
name: Zheng, Tian-Ci
name: Yang, Xing
name: Zhang, Hai-ming
name: Li, Xiao-Yan
name: Ren, Jia
name: Lin, Da-Bin
name: Liang, En-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unusual multiwavelength lightcurves of GRB 101225A are revisited by assuming that it is from an off-axis GRB powered by a newborn magnetar. We show that its optical afterglow lightcurve is fitted with the forward shock model by parameterizing its jet structure as a Gaussian function with a half opening angle of the jet core as $1.67^{\rm o}$. The derived initial Lorentz factor ($Γ_0$) is 120, and the viewing angle to the jet axis is $θ_v=3.7^{\rm o}$. Tentative QPO signatures of $P=488$ seconds and $P=250\sim 300$ seconds are found with a confidence level of 90\% by analysing its X-ray flares observed in the time interval of $[4900,\ 7500]$ seconds. Its global gamma-ray/X-ray lightcurve and the QPO signatures are represented with the magnetar dipole radiation (DR) model by considering the magnetar precession motion, assuming that the magnetar spindown is dominated by the GW emission. The bulk Lorentz factor of the DR ejecta is limited to 8, being much lower than $Γ_0$. Comparing GRB 101225A with the extremely off-axis GRB 170817A, we suspect that the nature of the two-component jet in GRB 170817A is a combination of a co-axial GRB jet and a DR ejecta. GRB 101225A would be among the brightest ones of the CDF-S XT2 like X-ray transient population driven by newborn magnetars. Discussion on detectability of its gravitational wave emission is also presented.
description: 8 pages,4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL on 10/12/2021