cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimization of the Cost Priority Number (CPN) Methodology to the Needs of a Large O&M Operator
Creators: name: Oviedo Hernández, G.
name: Lindig, S.
name: Moser, D.
name: Chiantore, P.V.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Systems and Storage – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Operation, Performance and Maintenance of PV Systems

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1613-1617
description: A methodology capable to assess the economic impact of failures in PV projects was one of the main outcomes of the H2020 project Solar Bankability. It was a first attempt to derive a cost-based FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) methodology for the PV sector using the metric CPN (Cost Priority Number) instead of the RPN (Risk Priority Number) as typically used in classical FMEA. It was originally applied by developing theoretical scenarios to calculate extreme values for the CPN metric, expressed in Euros/kWp/year. In this study, the methodology has been updated and adapted to the needs of a large O&M operator and applied manually to monitoring data and maintenance tickets of a fielded utility-scale PV plant. The main objective was to identify the adjustments needed to take the implementation of the methodology a step further towards a fully automatized approach. Additionally, the most relevant O&M contractor Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), such as detect, response and repair times, which are the cornerstone of the proposed economic analysis, were revisited and reformulated. Finally, the methodology was further improved by introducing more accurate calculations for Performance Ratio (PR), plant degradation and energy losses.
Optical polarizabilities of large molecules measured in near-field interferometry
Creators: name: Hackermueller, Lucia
name: Hornberger, Klaus
name: Gerlich, Stefan
name: Gring, Michael
name: Ulbricht, Hendrik
name: Arndt, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a novel application of matter wave interferometry to characterize the scalar optical polarizability of molecules at 532 nm. The interferometer presented here consists of two material absorptive gratings and one central optical phase grating. The interaction of the molecules with the standing light wave is determined by the optical dipole force and is therefore directly dependent on the molecular polarizability at the wavelength of the diffracting laser light. By comparing the observed matter-wave interference contrast with a theoretical model for several intensities of the standing light wave and molecular velocities we can infer the polarizability in this first proof-of-principle experiment for the fullerenes C60 and C70 and we find a good agreement with literature values.
description: 5 pages, 3 Figures
Additional file 5 of Reduced immune-regulatory molecule expression on human colonic memory CD4 T cells in older adults
Creators: name: Dillon, Stephanie M.
name: Tezha A. Thompson
name: Christians, Allison J.
name: McCarter, Martin D.
name: Wilson, Cara C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Patient details for procured colonic tissue samples.
Additional file 6 of Reduced immune-regulatory molecule expression on human colonic memory CD4 T cells in older adults
Creators: name: Dillon, Stephanie M.
name: Tezha A. Thompson
name: Christians, Allison J.
name: McCarter, Martin D.
name: Wilson, Cara C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 6: Table S3. Antibodies and dyes used for multi-color flow cytometry.
A Feasibility Study of Solar PV Powered Electric Cars Using an Interdisciplinary Modelling Approach for the Electricity Balance, CO2 Emissions and Economic Aspects: The Cases of the Netherlands, Norway, Brazil and Australia
Creators: name: Sierra, A.
name: De Santana, T.
name: MacGill, I.F.
name: Ekins-Daukes, N.J.
name: Reinders, A.H.M.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Applications and Integration
Professional Applications of PV

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1780-1786
description: Electric vehicles (EVs) are gaining popularity as a viable option to reduce global fossil fuel consumption as well as CO2 emissions associated with road transportation. Because little information and experiences exist with solar PV powered EVs, this paper explores how well PV systems – with the possible combination of battery energy storage systems (BESS) – can contribute to charging of EVs in four different countries: The Netherlands, Norway, Brazil and Australia. To this end a model has been developed which calculates the interactions between PV-BESS systems, EVs and the grid to determine the electricity balance, the financial consequences and avoided CO2 emissions by PV powered EVs, as compared to EVs which are solely charged by the grid and to conventional passenger cars with an internal combustion engine (ICE-V). It is found that if the charging system’s PV share is increased from 0 to 50%, the number of required grid charging events per year can be reduced from 104 to 34 in the Netherlands and from 123 to 55 in Norway. PV charging can also reduce an EV’s CO2 emissions by 18% to 93% as compared to ICE-Vs depending on the location. In general it can be concluded that in contrast to driving an ICE-V, the further PV powered EVs are driven the more affordable they become, even generating financial revenues in some cases. Solar PV powered EVs are thus a feasible option in most countries when compared to regular grid charging of EVs and certainly as compared to ICE-Vs.
Recent Results for the Deployment of Silicon Heterojunction Production Lines at ENEL Green Power: Effect of the Number of Busbars
Creators: name: Favre, W.
name: Sicot, L.
name: Barth, V.
name: Bettinelli, A.
name: Sciuto, M.
name: Condorelli, G.
name: Ragonesi, A.
name: Danel, A.
name: Lerat, J.-F.
name: Ribeyron, P.-J.
name: Canino, A.
name: Foti, M.
name: Gerardi, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 235-238
description: We report on recent results obtained within the HETNA project, a collaboration between CEA-INES and Enel Green Power for the deployment of silicon heterojunctions solar cells and modules technologies in the production lines at 3SUN 2.0 site. SHJ cells and modules produced on the CEA-INES pilot lines show narrow efficiency distributions and good response with material and process variations: cells average efficiency ranges from 21.2% to 21.8% with the four busbars design while module peak power ranges between 366W to 374W. Increasing number of busbars from 4 to 5 enabled fill factor (FF) improvement by 0.7% abs. at both cells and modules levels without affecting the module reliability after thermal cycling. Finally, we present best cell and module (72 cells, bifacial) results obtained in 2018 reaching 23.9% and 388.4W respectively.
Extracellular Vesicles from Fusarium graminearum Contain Protein Effectors Expressed during Infection of Corn.
Creators: name: Garcia-Ceron, Donovan
name: Lowe, Rohan GT
name: McKenna, James A
name: Brain, Linda M
name: Dawson, Charlotte S
name: Clark, Bethany
name: Berkowitz, Oliver
name: Faou, Pierre
name: Whelan, James
name: Bleackley, Mark R
name: Anderson, Marilyn A
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: EVs
fungal extracellular vesicles
fungi
Fusarium graminearum
protein effectors
unconventional secretion
virulence factors

description: Fusarium graminearum (Fgr) is a devastating filamentous fungal pathogen that causes diseases in cereals, while producing mycotoxins that are toxic for humans and animals, and render grains unusable. Low efficiency in managing Fgr poses a constant need for identifying novel control mechanisms. Evidence that fungal extracellular vesicles (EVs) from pathogenic yeast have a role in human disease led us to question whether this is also true for fungal plant pathogens. We separated EVs from Fgr and performed a proteomic analysis to determine if EVs carry proteins with potential roles in pathogenesis. We revealed that protein effectors, which are crucial for fungal virulence, were detected in EV preparations and some of them did not contain predicted secretion signals. Furthermore, a transcriptomic analysis of corn (Zea mays) plants infected by Fgr revealed that the genes of some of the effectors were highly expressed in vivo, suggesting that the Fgr EVs are a mechanism for the unconventional secretion of effectors and virulence factors. Our results expand the knowledge on fungal EVs in plant pathogenesis and cross-kingdom communication, and may contribute to the discovery of new antifungals.
Fatigue Life Estimation of Structures under Statistically and Spectrally Similar Variable Amplitude Loading
Creators: name: Li, He-Wen-Xuan
name: Chelidze, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.6.4; I.6.5; J.2
subject: 74A45, 74H40, 74H45

description: Engineering fatigue is a very prevalent and dangerous phenomenon that limits the useful life span of mechanical structures. It can be found in most engineered structures and machinery that are made from metallic or composite materials. The life prediction methodology under variable amplitude loading (VAL), however, has not reached maturity due to the complexity of the loading. This complexity results in load sequence effects, which significantly alter the fatigue life. Since most of the realistic loading experienced by engineered structures is of variable amplitude nature, and the corresponding responses at the defect site are highly irregular, characterization of the VAL and its resulting damage is paramount. Fatigue life estimation under VAL conventionally uses methods based on the Miner's Rule or the cumulative damage rule (CDR) in conjunction with the rainflow counting method. However, CDR does not account for the load interaction/sequence effects induced by local residual stress (or crack opening stress) variations.
description: 24 Pages,
Light Management in Ultra-Thin Cu(In, Ga)Se2 Photovoltaic Devices
Creators: name: Kovacic, M.
name: Krc, J.
name: Lipovsek, B.
name: Chen, W.-C.
name: Edoff, M.
name: Bolt, P.J.
name: Van Deelen, J.
name: Zhukova, M.
name: Lontchi, J.
name: Flandre, D.
name: Salomé, P.M.P.
name: Topic, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 654-660
description: Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells exhibit high conversion efficiencies, with a recent record of 23.35 % on the cell level. However, an absorber thickness >1.8 m is required for efficient absorption of long-wavelength light. In order to minimize the material consumption (In, Ga and other elements) and to accelerate the fabrication process, further thinning down of CIGS absorber layer is important. One of the main challenges of ultra-thin absorber devices is to increase light absorption and consequently the photocurrent. We employ advanced optical simulations of ultra-thin (500 nm) CIGS devices in a PV module configuration, thus solar cell structure including encapsulation and front glass. Using simulations, we design and investigate different solutions for increased short circuit current, in particular (i) highly reflective back reflectors (BR), (ii) internal nano-textures and (iii) external textures by applying a light management foil. We show that any single solution (i, ii, iii) is not enough to compensate for the lower photocurrent, when thinning down (1800 nm -> 500 nm) the absorber layer. A combination of properly optimized internal or external textures and highly reflective back reflector is needed to reach, or even exceed (by ~3-5 %), the short circuit current of a standard thick (1800 nm) CIGS module structure.
Additional file 2 of Performance of waist-to-height ratio as a screening tool for identifying cardiometabolic risk in children: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiang, Yuan
name: Dou, Yalan
name: Chen, Hongyan
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Chen, Xiaotian
name: Wang, Yin
name: Rodrigues, Myanca
name: Yan, Weili
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Results of diagnostic test extracting from eligible original articles.
Low Correlation Interference OFDM-NLFM Waveform Design for MIMO Radar Based on Alternating Optimization.
Creators: name: Liu, Tianqu
name: Sun, Jinping
name: Li, Qing
name: Hao, Zhimei
name: Wang, Guohua
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: OFDM
MIMO radar
NLFM
alternating optimization
particle swarm optimization (PSO)
block coordinate descent (BCD)
cross-correlation function
auto-correlation function sidelobe
sub-chirp rate

description: The OFDM chirp signal is suitable for MIMO radar applications due to its large time-bandwidth product, constant time-domain, and almost constant frequency-domain modulus. Particularly, by introducing the time-frequency structure of the non-linear frequency modulation (NLFM) signal into the design of an OFDM chirp waveform, a new OFDM-NLFM waveform with low peak auto-correlation sidelobe ratio (PASR) and peak cross-correlation ratio (PCCR) is obtained. IN-OFDM is the OFDM-NLFM waveform set currently with the lowest PASR and PCCR. Here we construct the optimization model of the OFDM-NLFM waveform set with the objective function being the maximum of the PASR and PCCR. Further, this paper proposes an OFDM-NLFM waveform set design algorithm inspired by alternating optimization. We implement the proposed algorithm by the alternate execution of two sub-algorithms. First, we keep both the sub-chirp sequence code matrix and sub-chirp rate plus and minus (PM) code matrix unchanged and use the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to obtain the optimal parameters of the NLFM signal's time-frequency structure (NLFM parameters). Next, we keep current optimal NLFM parameters unchanged, and optimize the sub-chirp sequence code matrix and sub-chirp rate PM code matrix using the block coordinate descent (BCD) algorithm. The above two sub-algorithms are alternately executed until the objective function converges to the optimal solution. The results show that the PASR and PCCR of the obtained OFDM-NLFM waveform set are about 5 dB lower than that of the IN-OFDM.
Additional file 1 of A cross-sectional study on pelvic floor symptoms in women living with Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting
Creators: name: Binkova, Alzbeta
name: Uebelhart, Marion
name: Dällenbach, Patrick
name: Boulvain, Michel
name: Gayet-Ageron, Angèle
name: Abdulcadir, Jasmine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Complementary sociodemographic information. Table 2. Complementary background information. Table 3. FISI1 and WCS2 mean scores of our sample and from the literature [28, 34]. Table 4. Comparison between women with FGM/C type III and those with FGM/C types I and II. Table 5. Comparison between still infibulated and non-infibulated women.
The Bank Of Swimming Organisms at the Micron Scale (BOSO-Micro)
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Marcos F. Velho
name: Lisicki, Maciej
name: Lauga, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unicellular microscopic organisms living in aqueous environments outnumber all other creatures on Earth. A large proportion of them are able to self-propel in fluids with a vast diversity of swimming gaits and motility patterns. In this paper we present a biophysical survey of the available experimental data produced to date on the characteristics of motile behaviour in unicellular microswimmers. We assemble from the available literature empirical data on the motility of four broad categories of organisms: bacteria (and archaea), flagellated eukaryotes, spermatozoa and ciliates. Whenever possible, we gather the following biological, morphological, kinematic and dynamical parameters: species, geometry and size of the organisms, swimming speeds, actuation frequencies, actuation amplitudes, number of flagella and properties of the surrounding fluid. We then organise the data using the established fluid mechanics principles for propulsion at low Reynolds number. Specifically, we use theoretical biophysical models for the locomotion of cells within the same taxonomic groups of organisms as a means of rationalising the raw material we have assembled, while demonstrating the variability for organisms of different species within the same group. The material gathered in our work is an attempt to summarise the available experimental data in the field, providing a convenient and practical reference point for future studies.
description: Database available in the Center for Open Science (OSF) repository (https://osf.io/4tyx6/). Open source version of the database available on GitHub (https://github.com/marcos-fvr/BOSO-micro)
A new ultrasound intensity meter : characterization and optimization
Creators: name: Manning, Gavin N.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The principle of operation of a novel rotating disk ultrasonic intensity meter is studied. Its characteristics are explained by a competition between acoustic radiation pressure and viscous drag on the disk. Acoustic streaming does not play a significant role in the operation of this meter as it is now configured. Experiments are described which were done to find the optimum dimensions and position for a nylon disk. In this optimum configuration, the rotation rate of the disk is related to the ultrasonic intensity by a power law. This relationship is theoretically predicted and found to hold as the ultrasonic intensity varies by a factor of at least ten.
Additional file 1 of The effect of lifestyle and risk factor modification on occlusive peripheral arterial disease outcomes: standard healthcare vs structured programme—for a randomised controlled trial protocol
Creators: name: Elfghi, M.
name: F. Jordan
name: D. Dunne
name: I. Gibson
name: J. Jones
name: G. Flaherty
name: S. Sultan
name: W. Tawfick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1:. Section 1. Trial Registration Data Set. Section 2. Consent Form for the RCT. Section 3. Consent Form Checklist for the RCT.
Search for Excited Quarks in $q\bar{q} \to γγ$ at the LHC
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Satyaki
name: Chauhan, Sushil S.
name: Choudhary, Brajesh C.
name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If quarks are composite particles, then excited states are expected to play a rôle in the Large Hadron Collider phenomena. Concentrating on virtual effects, and using a large part of the CMS detection criteria, we present here a realistic examination of their effect in diphoton production at the LHC. For various luminosities, we present the 99 % confidence limit (CL) achievable in $Λ-M_{q*}$ parameter space where $Λ$ is the compositeness scale and M_{q^*} the mass of the state. For a q^* of mass 0.5 TeV, $Λ\leq 1.55 (2.95)$ can be excluded at 99% CL with 30 (200)${\rm fb}^{-1}$ integrated luminosity.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of Relating outdoor play to sedentary behavior and physical activity in youth - results from a cohort study
Creators: name: Nigg, Carina
name: Niessner, Claudia
name: Nigg, Claudio R.
name: Oriwol, Doris
name: Schmidt, Steffen C. E.
name: Woll, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Includes comparison between study completers and non-completers, regressions weights of the path panel prediction model, and the models with the interactions of the cross-sectional analysis.
Feature Unification in TAG Derivation Trees
Creators: name: Schmitz, Sylvain
name: Roux, Joseph Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.2; I.2.7

description: The derivation trees of a tree adjoining grammar provide a first insight into the sentence semantics, and are thus prime targets for generation systems. We define a formalism, feature-based regular tree grammars, and a translation from feature based tree adjoining grammars into this new formalism. The translation preserves the derivation structures of the original grammar, and accounts for feature unification.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures In TAG+9, Ninth International Workshop on Tree Adjoining Grammars and Related Formalisms, 2008
Effect of evidence updates on key determinants of measles vaccination impact: a DynaMICE modelling study in ten high-burden countries.
Creators: name: Fu, Han
name: Abbas, Kaja
name: Klepac, Petra
name: Van Zandvoort, Kevin
name: Tanvir, Hira
name: Portnoy, Allison
name: Jit, Mark
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Measles
Vaccination impact
Transmission dynamic model
Routine vaccination
Supplementary immunisation activity

description: BACKGROUND: Model-based estimates of measles burden and the impact of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) are crucial for global health priority setting. Recently, evidence from systematic reviews and database analyses have improved our understanding of key determinants of MCV impact. We explore how representations of these determinants affect model-based estimation of vaccination impact in ten countries with the highest measles burden. METHODS: Using Dynamic Measles Immunisation Calculation Engine (DynaMICE), we modelled the effect of evidence updates for five determinants of MCV impact: case-fatality risk, contact patterns, age-dependent vaccine efficacy, the delivery of supplementary immunisation activities (SIAs) to zero-dose children, and the basic reproduction number. We assessed the incremental vaccination impact of the first (MCV1) and second (MCV2) doses of routine immunisation and SIAs, using metrics of total vaccine-averted cases, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) over 2000-2050. We also conducted a scenario capturing the effect of COVID-19 related disruptions on measles burden and vaccination impact. RESULTS: Incorporated with the updated data sources, DynaMICE projected 253 million measles cases, 3.8 million deaths and 233 million DALYs incurred over 2000-2050 in the ten high-burden countries when MCV1, MCV2, and SIA doses were implemented. Compared to no vaccination, MCV1 contributed to 66% reduction in cumulative measles cases, while MCV2 and SIAs reduced this further to 90%. Among the updated determinants, shifting from fixed to linearly-varying vaccine efficacy by age and from static to time-varying case-fatality risks had the biggest effect on MCV impact. While varying the basic reproduction number showed a limited effect, updates on the other four determinants together resulted in an overall reduction of vaccination impact by 0.58%, 26.2%, and 26.7% for cases, deaths, and DALYs averted, respectively. COVID-19 related disruptions to measles vaccination are not likely to change the influence of these determinants on MCV impact, but may lead to a 3% increase in cases over 2000-2050. CONCLUSIONS: Incorporating updated evidence particularly on vaccine efficacy and case-fatality risk reduces estimates of vaccination impact moderately, but its overall impact remains considerable. High MCV coverage through both routine immunisation and SIAs remains essential for achieving and maintaining low incidence in high measles burden settings.
Update of the Projection of the Photovoltaic Waste in Spain until 2050
Creators: name: Santos, J.D.
name: Alonso-García, M.C.
name: Vela, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Sustainability and Recycling

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1234-1240
description: This work present a re-assessed forecast of the photovoltaic (PV) waste mass in Spain until 2050. The PV capacity projections used as input data are updated with the recent report of the Spanish Energy Expert Committee. The failure probability of the installed PV capacity is modeled by means of a Weibull distribution function and four possible degradation scenarios. These degradation scenarios suggest that the failure of the 2007- 2008 PV plants will determine the generation of PV waste mass in the period 2020-2035. Cumulated PV waste mass ranging from 70,000 to 300,000 tonnes are obtained in 2030, mainly determined by the degradation scenario. In 2050, this cumulated PV waste mass reaches values of the order of 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 tonnes, with values depending on the PV capacity projection. The replacement of these discarded PV modules means that the initial projection of annual installed PV power has to be increased between 85% - 110% in 2050. The comparison of these results with similar estimations for other countries reveals that Spain could be a leader country in the generation of PV waste in the EU.
Receptive Field Regularization Techniques for Audio Classification and Tagging with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Koutini, Khaled
name: Eghbal-zadeh, Hamid
name: Widmer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we study the performance of variants of well-known Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures on different audio tasks. We show that tuning the Receptive Field (RF) of CNNs is crucial to their generalization. An insufficient RF limits the CNN's ability to fit the training data. In contrast, CNNs with an excessive RF tend to over-fit the training data and fail to generalize to unseen testing data. As state-of-the-art CNN architectures-in computer vision and other domains-tend to go deeper in terms of number of layers, their RF size increases and therefore they degrade in performance in several audio classification and tagging tasks. We study well-known CNN architectures and how their building blocks affect their receptive field. We propose several systematic approaches to control the RF of CNNs and systematically test the resulting architectures on different audio classification and tagging tasks and datasets. The experiments show that regularizing the RF of CNNs using our proposed approaches can drastically improve the generalization of models, out-performing complex architectures and pre-trained models on larger datasets. The proposed CNNs achieve state-of-the-art results in multiple tasks, from acoustic scene classification to emotion and theme detection in music to instrument recognition, as demonstrated by top ranks in several pertinent challenges (DCASE, MediaEval).
description: Accepted in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing. Code available: https://github.com/kkoutini/cpjku_dcase20
GAPDH controls extracellular vesicle biogenesis and enhances the therapeutic potential of EV mediated siRNA delivery to the brain.
Creators: name: Dar, Ghulam Hassan
name: Mendes, Cláudia C
name: Kuan, Wei-Li
name: Speciale, Alfina A
name: Conceição, Mariana
name: Görgens, André
name: Uliyakina, Inna
name: Lobo, Miguel J
name: Lim, Wooi F
name: El Andaloussi, Samir
name: Mäger, Imre
name: Roberts, Thomas C
name: Barker, Roger
name: Goberdhan, Deborah CI
name: Wilson, Clive
name: Wood, Matthew JA
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/61/391/3932
/631/80/86/820
/13
/13/89
/14
/38
/42
/42/89
/59
/59/5
/64
/64/60
article

description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological nanoparticles with important roles in intercellular communication, and potential as drug delivery vehicles. Here we demonstrate a role for the glycolytic enzyme glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in EV assembly and secretion. We observe high levels of GAPDH binding to the outer surface of EVs via a phosphatidylserine binding motif (G58), which promotes extensive EV clustering. Further studies in a Drosophila EV biogenesis model reveal that GAPDH is required for the normal generation of intraluminal vesicles in endosomal compartments, and promotes vesicle clustering. Fusion of the GAPDH-derived G58 peptide to dsRNA-binding motifs enables highly efficient loading of small interfering RNA (siRNA) onto the EV surface. Such vesicles efficiently deliver siRNA to multiple anatomical regions of the brain in a Huntington's disease mouse model after systemic injection, resulting in silencing of the huntingtin gene in different regions of the brain.
Assessment and Evolution of Initial PERC Module Degradation Using Light Induced Degradation, Carrier Induced Degradation and Outdoor Exposure Tests
Creators: name: Dupuis, J.
name: El Hajje, G.
name: Sandré, E.
name: Radouane, K.
name: Dupeyrat, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1025-1027
description: This work aims at highlighting the difference in initial monocrystalline silicon PERC photovoltaic module degradation by comparing different ways of indoor testing. We chose to evaluate the standard light exposure (LID) with the carrier injection method using current injection (CID) and one year of outdoor exposure. Comparison of light and current preconditioning have shown divergent trends regarding module power characteristics variation especially considering low light condition. The observed difference may come from the accelerated testing approach (several weeks of indoor testing versus one year of outdoor exposure) but also from the uncertainty remaining today on the LeTID phenomenon explanation. Lastly, the simuilated annual PV plant yield calculated with the differents indoor preconditionning scenarios show an overstimation of the yield of 0.2-0.4% compared to outdoor results for modules with initial degradation less than <1%.
Milk microbiome in dairy cattle and the challenges of low microbial biomass and exogenous contamination.
Creators: name: Pollock, Jolinda
name: Salter, Susannah
name: Nixon, Rebecca
name: Hutchings, Michael R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article

description: Funder: the hannah dairy research foundation
description: BACKGROUND: The blanket usage of antimicrobials at the end of lactation (or "drying off") in dairy cattle is under increasing scrutiny due to concerns about antimicrobial resistance. To lower antimicrobial usage in dairy farming, farmers are now encouraged to use "selective dry cow therapy" whereby only cows viewed as at high risk of mastitis are administered antimicrobial agents. It is important to gain a better understanding of how this practice affects the udder-associated microbiota and the potential knock-on effects on antimicrobial-resistant bacterial populations circulating on the farm. However, there are challenges associated with studying low biomass environments such as milk, due to known contamination effects on microbiome datasets. Here, we obtained milk samples from cattle at drying off and at calving to measure potential shifts in bacterial load and microbiota composition, with a critical assessment of contamination effects. RESULTS: Several samples had no detectable 16S rRNA gene copies and crucially, exogenous contamination was detected in the initial microbiome dataset. The affected samples were removed from the final microbiome analysis, which compromised the experimental design and statistical analysis. There was no significant difference in bacterial load between treatments (P > 0.05), but load was lower at calving than at drying off (P = 0.039). Escherichia coli counts by both sequence and culture data increased significantly in the presence of reduced bacterial load and a decreasing trend of microbiome richness and diversity. The milk samples revealed diverse microbiomes not reflecting a typical infection profile and were largely comprised of gut- and skin-associated taxa, with the former decreasing somewhat after prolonged sealing of the teats. CONCLUSIONS: The drying off period had a key influence on microbiota composition and bacterial load, which appeared to be independent of antimicrobial usage. The interactions between drying off treatment protocol and milk microbiome dynamics are clearly complex, and our evaluations of these interactions were restricted by low biomass samples and contamination effects. Therefore, our analysis will inform the design of future studies to establish whether different selection protocols could be implemented to further minimise antimicrobial usage.
Additional file 10 of Genomic variations and epigenomic landscape of the Medaka Inbred Kiyosu-Karlsruhe (MIKK) panel
Creators: name: Leger, Adrien
name: Brettell, Ian
name: Monahan, Jack
name: Barton, Carl
name: Wolf, Nadeshda
name: Kusminski, Natalja
name: Herder, Cathrin
name: Aadepu, Narendar
name: Becker, Clara
name: Gierten, Jakob
name: Hammouda, Omar T.
name: Hasel, Eva
name: Lischik, Colin
name: Lust, Katharina
name: Sokolova, Natalia
name: Suzuki, Risa
name: Tavhelidse, Tinatini
name: Thumberger, Thomas
name: Tsingos, Erika
name: Watson, Philip
name: Welz, Bettina
name: Naruse, Kiyoshi
name: Loosli, Felix
name: Wittbrodt, Joachim
name: Birney, Ewan
name: Fitzgerald, Tomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10. Review history.
Quantitative Analysis of Electroluminescence Imaging of a PV Module with Different Mismatch Levels
Creators: name: Santos, J.D.
name: Valverde, A.
name: Alonso-García, M.C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1127-1133
description: The mismatch loss in a photovoltaic (PV) module is linked to the variance between cell’s performances. This variance can progressively increase with time due to the non-uniform nature of the module aging. The main difficulty to carry out the study of the mismatch between encapsulated solar cells is the impossibility of accessing to their current-voltage (I-V) curves. This problem can be addressed by means of the quantitative analysis of the electroluminescence (EL) of the PV module at different levels of injection current. In this work, a PV module especially manufactured to adjust the mismatch level is studied by means of EL. Some solar cells of the standard module can be exchanged by defective devices with high series-resistance or low shunt-resistance. The variance between cell’s performances is analyzed for each module configuration at different irradiance levels. This variance is correlated to the standard deviation of the operation voltage of the solar cells in darkness conditions ([VCELL]). This [VCELL] is assessed from the contactless measurement of cell voltages using EL. The obtained results are compared with those obtained from direct voltage measurement. The reliability of the procedure is analyzed and the possible causes of observed deviations are discussed.
Indirect dissociative recombination of LiH$_2^+$ + e$^-$
Creators: name: Haxton, Daniel J.
name: Greene, Chris H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of calculations determining the cross sections for indirect dissociative recombination of LiH$_2^+$ + $e^-$. These calculations employ multichannel quantum defect theory and Fano's rovibrational frame transformation technique to obtain the indirect DR cross section in the manner described by Ref.\cite{hamilton}. We use \textit{ab initio} electron-molecule scattering codes to calculate quantum defects. In contrast to H$_3^+$, the LiH$_2^+$ molecule exhibits considerable mixing between rotation and vibration; however, by incorporating an exact treatment of the rovibrational dynamics of the LiH$_2^+$, we show that this mixing has only a small effect on the observed DR rate. We calculate a large DR rate for this cation, 4.0 $\times$ 10$^{-7}$ cm$^{3}$ s$^{-1}$ at 1 meV incident electron energy.
description: Submitted to phys rev A
Asymptotic Weyl double copy
Creators: name: Godazgar, Hadi
name: Godazgar, Mahdi
name: Monteiro, Ricardo
name: Veiga, David Peinador
name: Pope, CN
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Space-Time Symmetries
Black Holes
Gauge Symmetry
Scattering Amplitudes

description: Abstract A characteristic value formulation of the Weyl double copy leads to an asymptotic formulation. We find that the Weyl double copy holds asymptotically in cases where the full solution is algebraically general, using rotating STU supergravity black holes as an example. The asymptotic formulation provides clues regarding the relation between asymptotic symmetries that follows from the double copy. Using the C-metric as an example, we show that a previous interpretation of this gravity solution as a superrotation has a single copy analogue relating the appropriate Liénard-Wiechert potential to a large gauge transformation.
Additional file 2 of Genomic variations and epigenomic landscape of the Medaka Inbred Kiyosu-Karlsruhe (MIKK) panel
Creators: name: Leger, Adrien
name: Brettell, Ian
name: Monahan, Jack
name: Barton, Carl
name: Wolf, Nadeshda
name: Kusminski, Natalja
name: Herder, Cathrin
name: Aadepu, Narendar
name: Becker, Clara
name: Gierten, Jakob
name: Hammouda, Omar T.
name: Hasel, Eva
name: Lischik, Colin
name: Lust, Katharina
name: Sokolova, Natalia
name: Suzuki, Risa
name: Tavhelidse, Tinatini
name: Thumberger, Thomas
name: Tsingos, Erika
name: Watson, Philip
name: Welz, Bettina
name: Naruse, Kiyoshi
name: Loosli, Felix
name: Wittbrodt, Joachim
name: Birney, Ewan
name: Fitzgerald, Tomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figures S1-S5. Supplementary figures. Various supplementary figures.
The Impact of the HydroxyMethylCytosine epigenetic signature on DNA structure and function.
Creators: name: Battistini, Federica
name: Dans, Pablo D
name: Terrazas, Montserrat
name: Castellazzi, Chiara L
name: Portella, Guillem
name: Labrador, Mireia
name: Villegas, Núria
name: Brun-Heath, Isabelle
name: González, Carlos
name: Orozco, Modesto
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Funder: Government of Spain
description: Funder: Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats
description: Funder: Programa de Desarrollo de las Ciencias Basicas
description: Funder: Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación, Uruguay
description: We present a comprehensive, experimental and theoretical study of the impact of 5-hydroxymethylation of DNA cytosine. Using molecular dynamics, biophysical experiments and NMR spectroscopy, we found that Ten-Eleven translocation (TET) dioxygenases generate an epigenetic variant with structural and physical properties similar to those of 5-methylcytosine. Experiments and simulations demonstrate that 5-methylcytosine (mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) generally lead to stiffer DNA than normal cytosine, with poorer circularization efficiencies and lower ability to form nucleosomes. In particular, we can rule out the hypothesis that hydroxymethylation reverts to unmodified cytosine physical properties, as hmC is even more rigid than mC. Thus, we do not expect dramatic changes in the chromatin structure induced by differences in physical properties between d(mCpG) and d(hmCpG). Conversely, our simulations suggest that methylated-DNA binding domains (MBDs), associated with repression activities, are sensitive to the substitution d(mCpG) ➔ d(hmCpG), while MBD3 which has a dual activation/repression activity is not sensitive to the d(mCpG) d(hmCpG) change. Overall, while gene activity changes due to cytosine methylation are the result of the combination of stiffness-related chromatin reorganization and MBD binding, those associated to 5-hydroxylation of methylcytosine could be explained by a change in the balance of repression/activation pathways related to differential MBD binding.
Optical Assessment of Perovskite-Enhanced Bifacial Silicon Solar Modules
Creators: name: Jäger, K.
name: Tillmann, P.
name: Tejada, A.
name: Karsenti, A.
name: Kreinin, L.
name: Visoly-Fisher, I.
name: Korte, L.
name: Unger, E.
name: Katz, E.A.
name: Becker, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Perovskites, other Non-Silicon-Based Photovoltaics and Multi-Junction Devices
Tandems

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 634-637
description: We perform optical simulations for bifacial 4-terminal perovskite/tandem solar modules, which are based on passivated emitter rear totally diffused (PERT) silicon solar cells. The modules are considered with realistic optical constants for glass and ethylene-vinyl acetate encapsulant. The solar cells are pyramidally textured on the front. As perovskite material, we use the triple-cation perovskite Cs0.05(MA0.17Fa0.83)0.95Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3. Switching from a silicon to a 4T perovskite-silicon module increases the output power density by about 5 mW/cm2 at 30%. Bifacial illumination under 30% albedo leads to an increase of about 6 mW/cm2 for both designs. Having another perovskite subcell at the back – hence a 6-terminal design – would lead to an additional 2 mW/cm2 increase.
Machine Learning Approach to a Low-Cost Day-Ahead Photovoltaic Power Prediction Based on Publicly Available Weather Reports for Automated Energy Management Systems
Creators: name: Maitanova, N.
name: Telle, J.-S.
name: Hanke, B.
name: Schmidt, T.
name: Grottke, M.
name: Von Maydell, K.
name: Agert, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Applications and Integration
PV Driven Energy Management and System Integration

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1711-1718
description: The fully automated and transferable predictive approach based on the long short-term memory machine learning algorithm is developed for the forecasting of the photovoltaic (PV) power output. The main challenge of this approach is using publicly available weather reports and measured PV power without any technical information about the PV system. Nevertheless, the developed model is able to predict the power output of the various PV systems for all seasons with a reasonably good accuracy. This transferability of the approach is proven by the prediction of the PV power for warm and cold periods and for two different PV systems located in Oldenburg and Munich, Germany. The mean absolute scaled error of the predictions decreases with increasing the size of training set and reaches its minimum by the training with 90 days. The PV power prediction made with the publicly available weather data is compared to the predictions made with the fee based solar radiation data. The usage of the solar radiation data leads to more accurate predictions even with small training sets. Although the model with the publicly available data needs a greater training set, it still can make reasonably good predictions. Therefore, it can be applied in forecast-based energy management systems.
Precision Medicine in Phaeochromocytoma and Paraganglioma.
Creators: name: Winzeler, Bettina
name: Challis, Benjamin G
name: Casey, Ruth T
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: personalized medicine
neuroendocrine tumours
phaeochromocytoma
paraganglioma
molecular clusters

description: Precision medicine is a term used to describe medical care, which is specifically tailored to an individual patient or disease with the aim of ensuring the best clinical outcome whilst reducing the risk of adverse effects. Phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumours with uncertain malignant potential. Over recent years, the molecular profiling of PPGLs has increased our understanding of the mechanisms that drive tumorigenesis. A high proportion of PPGLs are hereditary, with non-hereditary tumours commonly harbouring somatic mutations in known susceptibility genes. Through detailed interrogation of genotype-phenotype, correlations PPGLs can be classified into three different subgroups or clusters. Thus, PPGLs serve as an ideal paradigm for developing, testing and implementing precision medicine concepts in the clinic. In this review, we provide an overview of PPGLs and highlight how detailed molecular characterisation of these tumours provides current and future opportunities for precision oncology.
La valutazione d’impatto socio-economico e culturale della ricerca nelle scienze umane e sociali: uno studio di caso in una Università del Regno Unito
Creators: name: Piazza, Stefano
name: Matteucci, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015
Subjects: Valutazione, Impatto sociale della ricerca, REF, Studio di caso, Scienze sociali ed umane

description: The aim of this paper is to describe the impact of research on society, economy and culture in the Humanities and Social sciences. In the first part of the paper, we describe the principal characteristics of the evaluation of research impact in the United Kingdom (UK), with a special focus on the new national exercise of research evaluation: the ‘Research Excellence Framework’ (REF2014). In the second part of the paper we present a case study in a British university campus where good practices of impact evaluation have been recently introduced. The main results of this study show that impact evaluation of Social sciences and Humanities research is a today’s key challenge for the academia, especially due to the difficulty in identifying the appropriate indicators for research impact measurement. Finally, we present the main themes of the current debate about the evaluation of the impacts in different fields of research.
description: RT. A Journal on Research Policy and Evaluation, Vol 3, No 1 (2015)