cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The hierarchy problem, radion mass, localization of gravity and 4D effective Newtonian potential in string theory on $S^{1}/Z_{2}$
Creators: name: Wang, Anzhong
name: Santos, N. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematical study of brane worlds in string theory on $S^{1}/Z_{2}$. Starting with the toroidal compactification of the NS/NS sector in (D+d) dimensions, we first obtain an effective $D$-dimensional action, and then compactify one of the $(D-1)$ spatial dimensions by introducing two orbifold branes as its boundaries. By combining the Gauss-Codacci and Lanczos equations, we write down explicitly the general gravitational field equations on each of the two branes, while using distribution theory we express the matter field equations on the branes in terms of the discontinuities of the first derivatives of the matter fields. Afterwards, we address three important issues: (i) the hierarchy problem; (ii) the radion mass; and (iii) the localization of gravity, the 4-dimensional Newtonian effective potential and the Yukawa corrections due to the gravitational high-order Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes. With a very conservative estimation, we find that the radion mass is of the order of $10^{-2} GeV$. The gravity is localized on the visible brane, and the spectrum of the gravitational KK modes is discrete and can be of the order of TeV. The corrections to the 4-dimensional Newtonian potential from the higher order of gravitational KK modes are exponentially suppressed and can be safely neglected in current experiments. In an appendix, we also present a systematical and pedagogical study of the Gauss-Codacci equations and Israel's junction conditions across a (D-1)-dimensional hypersurface, which can be either spacelike or timelike.
description: Considerably extended, Revtex4, 19 pages, 5 figures, published in IJMPA, 25, 1661-1698 (2010)
Size Effects in the Magnetoresistance of Graphite: Absence of Magnetoresistance in Micrometer size Samples
Creators: name: González, J. C.
name: Muñoz, M.
name: García, N.
name: Barzola-Quiquia, J.
name: Spoddig, D.
name: Schindler, K.
name: Esquinazi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the magnetoresistance of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) as a function of the sample size. Our results show unequivocally that the magnetoresistance reduces with the sample size even for samples of hundreds of micrometers size. This sample size effect is due the large mean free path and Fermi wavelength of carriers in graphite and may explain the observed practically absence of magnetoresistance in micrometer confined small graphene samples where quantum effects should be at hand. These were not taken into account in the literature yet and ask for a revision of experimental and theoretical work on graphite.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Excitation of Electrostatic Standing Wave in the Superposition of Two Counter Propagating Relativistic Whistler Waves
Creators: name: Karmakar, Mithun
name: Sengupta, Sudip
name: Patel, Bhavesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of standing wave formation by superposing two counter-propagating whistler waves in an overdense plasma, studied recently by Sano et al. (Phys. Rev. E 100, 053205 (2019) and Phys. Rev. E 101, 013206 (2020)), has been revisited in the relativistic limit. A detailed theory along with simulation has been performed to study the standing wave formation in the interaction of two counter propagating relativistically intense whistler waves. The relativistic theory explains such interaction process more precisely and predicts correct field amplitudes of the standing wave for a much wider range of physical parameters of the problem as compared to its non-relativistic counterpart. The analytical results are compared with 1-D Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation results, performed using OSIRIS 4.0. The results are of relevance to ion heating and fast ignition scheme of inertial confinement fusion.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures
The Reflectance Spectra of CV-CK Carbonaceous chondrites from the Near Infrared to the Visible
Creators: name: Tanbakouei, Safoura
name: Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M.
name: Llorca, J.
name: Moyano-Cambero, C. E.
name: Williams, I. P.
name: Rivkin, Andrew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbonaceous chondrite meteorites are so far the only available samples representing carbon-rich asteroids and in order to allow future comparison with samples returned by missions such as Hayabusa 2 and OSIRIS-Rex, is important to understand their physical properties. Future characterization of asteroid primitive classes, some of them targeted by sample-return missions, requires a better understanding of their mineralogy, the consequences of the exposure to space weathering, and how both affect the reflectance behavior of these objects. In this paper, the reflectance spectra of two chemically-related carbonaceous chondrites groups, precisely the Vigrano (CVs) and Karoonda (CKs), are measured and compared. The available sample suite includes polished sections exhibiting different petrologic types: from 3 (very low degree of thermal metamorphism) to 5 (high degree of thermal metamorphism). We found that the reflective properties and the comparison with the Cg asteroid reflectance class point toward a common chondritic reservoir from which the CV-CK asteroids collisionally evolved. In that scenario the CV and CK chondrites could be originated from 221 Eos asteroid family, but because of its collisional disruption, both chondrite groups evolved separately, experiencing different stages of thermal metamorphism, annealing and space weathering.
The Hyper-Stable Disc of UGC 8839
Creators: name: Young, Jason E.
name: Eleazer, Miriam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low surface brightness (LSB) spiral UGC 8839 is nearly devoid of star formation aside from a large HII region complex located in the extreme outer disc. In order to understand the origin and nature of this complex, we compare new Hα and archival broad-band images of UGC 8839 to similar data for four other spiral galaxies. We conclude that the extreme off-axis star formation in UGC 8839 is likely due to a hyper-stable disc that is dark matter dominated at all radii, with the Toomre parameter reaching a minimum only in the extreme outer disc. Using analysis strategies designed to be particularly insensitive to the pitfalls of low-surface brightness objects and small number statistics, we determine that the presence of this complex in UGC 8839 is not exceptional when the HII region luminosity function is modelled by a power law, suggesting that it is a native structure and not a merging satellite. However, we find that the entire population of HII regions in UGC 8839 shows a preference for larger galactocentric radii when compared to HII regions in the other galaxies in our sample. UGC 8839 dramatically highlights the relationship between the baryonic/dark matter ratio and disk stability. A three-body interaction, similar to a scaled-down version of the interaction suspected to be responsible for Malin 1, is consistent with the extreme outer disk star formation that we see in the extended disk of UGC 8839.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Herpetacarus (Herpetacarus) rhabdomys
Creators: name: Stekolnikov, Alexandr A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Trombiculidae
Herpetacarus
Herpetacarus rhabdomys

description: Herpetacarus (Herpetacarus) rhabdomys (Lawrence, 1951)
Ascoschoengastia rhabdomyia Lawrence, 1951: 116, fig. 16c.
Euschoengastia rhabdomyia – Wharton & Fuller 1952: 81. — Zumpt 1961: 162.
Herpetacarus (Herpetacarus) rhabdomys – Vercammen-Grandjean 1965c: 86.
Herpetacarus (Herpetacarus) rhabdomiya – Vercammen-Grandjean 1966: 640, pl. F5.
Syntypes
NMSA 5391.
Distribution
South Africa (Champagne Castle).
Hosts
Procavia capensis, Rhabdomys pumilio.
description: Published as part of Stekolnikov, Alexandr A., 2018, Taxonomy and distribution of African chiggers (Acariformes, Trombiculidae), pp. 1-233 in European Journal of Taxonomy 395 on page 68, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.395, http://zenodo.org/record/3829724
Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) longispinus
Creators: name: Stekolnikov, Alexandr A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Trombiculidae
Herpetacarus
Herpetacarus longispinus

description: Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) longispinus (Radford, 1948)
Ascoschoengastia longispina Radford, 1948: 219, figs 13–14.
Euschoengastia longispina – Wharton & Fuller 1952: 78. — Zumpt 1961: 162.
Herpetacarus (Abonnencia) longispina – Vercammen-Grandjean 1965c: 87; 1966: 643, pl. O3.
Holotype
BMNH 1948.2.3.31.
Material revised
Holotype. One paratype from RMCA (No. 180.006).
Distribution
South Africa (Glen Craig).
Host
Micaelamys namaquensis.
description: Published as part of Stekolnikov, Alexandr A., 2018, Taxonomy and distribution of African chiggers (Acariformes, Trombiculidae), pp. 1-233 in European Journal of Taxonomy 395 on page 61, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.395, http://zenodo.org/record/3829724
The Effects of Rhythmic Handgrip Exercise on Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Online Supplement
Creators: name: Maier, Lauren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420702
subject: Exercise physiology

description: Online supplement for manuscript: The Effects of Rhythmic Handgrip Exercise on Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Travel and tourism: Into a complex network
Creators: name: Miguens, J. I. L.
name: Mendes, J. F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is discussed how the worldwide tourist arrivals, about 10% of world's domestic product, form a largely heterogeneous and directed complex network. Remarkably the random network of connectivity is converted into a scale-free network of intensities. The importance of weights on network connections is brought into discussion. It is also shown how strategic positioning particularly benefit from market diversity and that interactions among countries prevail on a technological and economic pattern, questioning the backbones of traveling driving forces.
Strafvollzug in Baden-Württemberg 2008
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strafvollzug , Baden-Württemberg
subject: 360

description: Strafgefangene und Sicherungsverwahrte in Baden-Württemberg 2008 – Ergebnisse der Strafvollzugsstatistik – Die seit 1961 bundeseinheitlich durchgeführte Strafvollzugsstatistik erfasst die Gefangenen und Verwahrten in den Justizvollzugsanstalten. Gefangenenbestand und Gefangenenbewegung (Zu- und Abgänge) werden dabei nach Art des Vollzugs nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus werden zum 31. März eines jeden Jahres (Stichtagserhebung) kriminologische und demografi sche Strukturdaten der einsitzenden Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten dargestellt.
Ab initio random structure searching for battery cathode materials
Creators: name: Lu, Ziheng
name: Zhu, Bonan
name: Shires, Benjamin W. B.
name: Scanlon, David O.
name: Pickard, Chris J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cathodes are critical components of rechargeable batteries. Conventionally, the search for cathode materials relies on experimental trial-and-error and a traversing of existing computational/experimental databases. While these methods have led to the discovery of several commercially-viable cathode materials, the chemical space explored so far is limited and many phases will have been overlooked, in particular those that are metastable. We describe a computational framework for battery cathode exploration, based on ab initio random structure searching (AIRSS), an approach that samples local minima on the potential energy surface to identify new crystal structures. We show that, by delimiting the search space using a number of constraints, including chemically aware minimum interatomic separations, cell volumes, and space group symmetries, AIRSS can efficiently predict both thermodynamically stable and metastable cathode materials. Specifically, we investigate LiCoO2, LiFePO4, and LixCuyFz to demonstrate the efficiency of the method by rediscovering the known crystal structures of these cathode materials. The effect of parameters, such as minimum separations and symmetries, on the efficiency of the sampling is discussed in detail. The adaptation of the minimum interatomic distances, on a species-pair basis, from low-energy optimized structures to efficiently capture the local coordination environment of atoms, is explored. A family of novel cathode materials based, on the transition-metal oxalates,is proposed. They demonstrate superb energy density, oxygen-redox stability, and lithium diffusion properties. This article serves both as an introduction to the computational framework, and as a guide to battery cathode material discovery using AIRSS.
Jet lag effect and leading hadron production
Creators: name: Kopeliovich, B. Z.
name: Pirner, H. -J.
name: Potashnikova, I. K.
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a solution for the long standing puzzle of a too steeply falling fragmentation function for a quark fragmenting into a pion, calculated by Berger [1] in the Born approximation. Contrary to the simple anticipation that gluon resummation worsens the problem, we find good agreement with data. Higher quark Fock states slow down the quark, an effect which we call jet lag. It can be also expressed in terms of vacuum energy loss. As a result, the space-time development of the jet shrinks and the $z$-dependence becomes flatter than in the Born approximation. The space-time pattern is also of great importance for in-medium hadronization.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Riedlinia (Trombigastia) cadei
Creators: name: Stekolnikov, Alexandr A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Trombiculidae
Riedlinia
Riedlinia cadei

description: Riedlinia (Trombigastia) cadei (Vercammen-Grandjean and Brennan, 1957)
(Figs. 5C, 7)
Trombigastia cadei Vercammen-Grandjean and Brennan, 1957: 487, figs. 5–6; Stekolnikov 2018: 118.
Trombigastia (Trombigastia) cadei: Vercammen-Grandjean & Fain 1958: 26, pls. 1–2; Zumpt 1961: 143.
Riedlinia (Trombigastia) cadei: Vercammen-Grandjean 1964: 314; 1965b: 130.
Diagnosis. SIF = 7B-N-3-3111.0000; fCx = 1.1.1; fSt = 2.2; fPp = B/B/BBB; PL> AL ≥ AM; fD = 2H-6-6-6+(9–14); DS = 29–34; V = 39–42; NDV = 68–76 (in type series, fD = 2H-8-6-6-8-8-6-2; DS = 46; V = 42; NDV = 88); scutum nearly rectangular, its posterior margin straight, with cuticular striations; ALs inserted in projected anterolateral corners; sensillary bases situated anterior to level of PLs by 11–14 µm; sensilla barbed, slightly expanded, but not thicker than other scutal setae; Ip = 819–848 (785 according to original description). Standard measurements are given in Table 4.
Note. *—three examined specimens (N = 1 for S 1 and S 2); **—after Vercammen-Grandjean & Brennan (1957) and Vercammen-Grandjean & Fain (1958).
Distribution and hosts. This species was described from Ngong, southern Kenya, ex Miniopterus sp. (Chiroptera: Miniopteridae). Here I report it from South Africa and ex Rhinolophus clivosus Cretzschmar (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) for the first time.
Material examined. Three specimens, NM 6544/1–3, L = 856, Maritzburg, Natal (Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal Prov.), South Africa, ex R. clivosus, August 1956, collector Lawrence, prepared by Vercammen-Grandjean (Fig. 1, 14).
Remarks. The examined specimens differ from the original description in the presence of six setae in 1 st posthumeral row vs. eight, lesser DS (29–34 vs. 46) and NDV (68–76 vs. 88). Taxonomic significance of these differences is unclear; examination of a new material is required to establish if the South African R. (T.) cadei deserves the status of species or subspecies. Somewhat shorter PL (54–59 vs. 64), H (50–54 vs. 64), and D max (47–49 vs. 58) in the examined specimens fit the usual range of the intraspecific variation in chiggers. Some setae of the palpal tarsus look nude in the examined specimens vs. well-branched in the figure from the original description, but this could be caused by a suboptimal quality of the slides from NM.
description: Published as part of Stekolnikov, Alexandr A., 2024, Revision of South African chiggers (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) originated from the collection of R. F. Lawrence, with redescriptions of nine species, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 5493 (1) on pages 15-17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5493.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13269183
VLT / Infrared Integral Field Spectrometer Observations of Molecular Hydrogen Lines in the Knots in the Planetary Nebula NGC 7293 (the Helix Nebula)
Creators: name: Matsuura, M.
name: Speck, A. K.
name: Smith, M. D.
name: Zijlstra, A. A.
name: Viti, S.
name: Lowe, K. T. E.
name: Redman, M.
name: Wareing, C. J.
name: Lagadec, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Knots are commonly found in nearby planetary nebulae (PNe) and star forming regions. Within PNe, knots are often found to be associated with the brightest parts of the nebulae and understanding the physics involved in knots may reveal the processes dominating in PNe. As one of the closest PNe, the Helix Nebula (NGC 7293) is an ideal target to study such small-scale (~300 AU) structures. We have obtained infrared integral spectroscopy of a comet-shaped knot in the Helix Nebula using SINFONI on the Very Large Telescope at high spatial resolution (50-125 mas). With spatially resolved 2 micron spectra, we find that the H2 rotational temperature within the cometary knots is uniform. The rotational-vibrational temperature of the cometary knot (situated in the innermost region of the nebula, 2.5 arcmin away from the central star), is 1800 K, higher than the temperature seen in the outer regions (5-6 arcmin from the central star) of the nebula (900 K), showing that the excitation temperature varies across the nebula. The obtained intensities are reasonably well fitted with 27 km s-1 C-type shock model. This ambient gas velocity is slightly higher than the observed [HeII] wind velocity of 13 km s-1. The gas excitation can also be reproduced with a PDR (photo dominant region) model, but this requires an order of magnitude higher UV radiation. Both models have limitations, highlighting the need for models that treats both hydrodynamical physics and the PDR.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; A pdf file with full resolution images is available from http://optik2.mtk.nao.ac.jp/~mikako/abstract/helix.pdf
The synthesis and characterization of copper(II) phosphinate coordination polymers
Creators: name: Oliver, Katherine Wells
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A number of disubstituted and monosubstituted copper(II) phosphi-nate coordination polymers, {Cu[R₂PO₂]₂}x and {Cu[R(H)PO₂]₂}[sub x], respectively, where R is an alkyl or a phenyl group, has been prepared and characterized. The physical, electronic and magnetic properties of these systems were investigated using physical methods such as thermal analysis, vibrational and electronic spectroscopy, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The effect that the different substituents on phosphorus had on the structures and the properties was examined. The possibility of magnetic exchange propagated through the three-atom O-P-O bridge made the investigation of magneto-structural correlations of particular interest. The series of compounds containing straight chain alkyl groups, of one to twelve carbon atoms, were found to exist in two forms, labelled α and β; in some cases, derivatives were isolated in both forms. X-ray crystallography showed that the structures of both forms consisted of infinite linear chains of eight—membered rings, formed by two copper atoms in flattened tetrahedral environments, joined by two bridging phosphinate ligands. The structural differences between the two isomers were associated with different degrees of distortion of the CuO₄ chromophore from regular tetrahedral geometry, and with different orientations of the alkyl groups on phosphorus. These structural differences were manifested in the thermal, spectral and magnetic properties, making the two isomer groups distinguishable on this basis. Magnetic exchange was found in both forms; the α-isomers exhibited antiferromagnetic exchange with values of the exchange parameter, J, ranging from ca. -1 to -30 cm⁻¹, while the β-isomers showed weak ferro-magnetism with J approximately +2 cm⁻¹. This behavior was discussed in relation to the known structural differences between the two forms. The copper(II) phosphinate polymers containing branched chain alkyl groups were proposed to be linear polymers, while the diphenyl derivative was postulated to be crosslinked, on the basis of their properties. Similarly, the monosubstituted compounds were proposed to be crosslinked. All -these derivatives probably contain four-coordinate copper(II) atoms, from a consideration of the vibrational and electronic spectra, with degrees of distortion from regular tetrahedral geometry similar to that found in the di-n-alkylphosphinates. The exception to this was the diphenyl compound, which was postulated to have a more flattened CuO₄ chromophore than the latter derivatives. This unique structure was suggested to arise as a result of the steric requirements of the bulky phenyl substituents and the effect of this on the crosslinked structure. No evidence for or against magnetic exchange was found in these compounds over the temperature range studied.
O MERCADOR DE VENEZA, SUAS RELAÇÕES CONTRATUAIS E OS CONCEITOS DE JUSTIÇA E EQUIDADE
Creators: name: Nicholas Maciel Merlone
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Trata-se o ensaio em tela de uma análise da obra O Mercador de Veneza, de William Shakespeare, o bardo inglês. Será realizada, de início, uma breve biografia do autor. Em seguida, será desenvolvida uma resenha crítico-jurídica do livro, considerando, primordialmente, os aspectos contratuais da obra, assim como os conceitos de justiça e equidade, contextualizados com as passagens literárias, bem como com os personagens. Adiante, serão examinados os prismas do amor no bem e no mal na obra. A seguir, serão debatidas algumas notas propedêuticas sobre o direito dos contratos e a justiça. Para tanto, serão utilizados os métodos crítico-reflexivo e de revisão bibliográfica, abrangendo o exame da própria obra, bem como de livros físicos e revista literária impressa. O objetivo da pesquisa é explorar e aprofundar os estudos referentes às relações contratuais e as definições de justiça e equidade, de forma crítica, sob um contexto literário de uma obra perene. Em linhas gerais, a conclusão atingida demonstra a eventual prática do abuso de direito nos contratos, bem como o problema de sua aplicação aos casos concretos, de modo literal, à letra fria da lei, sem o uso da equidade e da justiça. Por fim, acredita-se ser possível conciliar a legalidade com a equidade, para relações sociais e jurídicas mais justas, o que demanda uma interpretação mais aberta, com base principiológica positivada no texto da lei, flexibilizando-se esta última e conferindo relevância maior ao papel do intérprete, tal qual ao magistrado, porém sem que este extrapole suas funções de julgador.
High-energy Neutrinos from Stellar Explosions in Active Galactic Nuclei Accretion Disks
Creators: name: Zhu, Jin-Ping
name: Wang, Kai
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some catastrophic stellar explosions, such as supernovae (SNe), compact binary coalescences, and micro-tidal disruption events, are believed to be embedded in the accretion disks of active galactic nuclei (AGN). We show high-energy neutrinos can be produced efficiently through $pp$-interactions between shock-accelerated cosmic rays and AGN disk materials shortly after the explosion ejecta shock breaks out of the disk. AGN stellar explosions are ideal targets for joint neutrino and electromagnetic (EM) multimessenger observations. Future EM follow-up observations of neutrino bursts can help us search for yet-discovered AGN stellar explosions. We suggest that AGN stellar explosions could potentially be important astrophysical neutrino sources. The contribution from AGN stellar explosions to the observed diffuse neutrino background depends on the uncertain local event rate densities of these events in AGN disks. By considering thermonuclear SNe, core-collaspe SNe, gamma-ray burst associated SNe, kilonovae, and choked GRBs in AGN disks with known theoretical local event rate densities, we show that these events may contribute to $\lesssim10\%$ of the observed diffuse neutrino background.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJL
Two-dimensional N=(2,2) Supersymmetric Lattice Gauge Theory with Matter Fields in the Fundamental Representation
Creators: name: Matsuura, So
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we construct a lattice formulation for two-dimensional N=(2,2) supersymmetric gauge theory with matter fields in the fundamental representation. We first construct it by the orbifolding procedure from Yang-Mills matrix theory with eight supercharges. We show that we can obtain the same lattice formulation by extending the geometrical discretization scheme. This suggests that the equivalence between the two schemes holds even for theories with matter fields.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX2e, references added
Strafvollzug in Baden-Württemberg 2010
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strafvollzug , Baden-Württemberg
subject: 360

description: Strafgefangene und Sicherungsverwahrte in Baden-Württemberg 2010 – Ergebnisse der Strafvollzugsstatistik – Die seit 1961 bundeseinheitlich durchgeführte Strafvollzugsstatistik erfasst die Gefangenen und Verwahrten in den Justizvollzugsanstalten. Gefangenenbestand und Gefangenenbewegung (Zu- und Abgänge) werden dabei nach Art des Vollzugs nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus werden zum 31. März eines jeden Jahres (Stichtagserhebung) kriminologische und demografische Strukturdaten der einsitzenden Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten dargestellt.
Trombigastia cadei Vercammen-Grandjean & Brennan 1957
Creators: name: Stekolnikov, Alexandr A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Trombiculidae
Trombigastia
Trombigastia cadei

description: Trombigastia cadei Vercammen-Grandjean & Brennan, 1957
Trombigastia cadei Vercammen-Grandjean & Brennan, 1957: 487, figs 5–6.
Trombigastia (Trombigastia) cadei – Vercammen-Grandjean & Fain 1958: 26, pls 1–2. — Zumpt 1961: 143.
Riedlinia (Trombigastia) cadei – Vercammen-Grandjean 1964c: 314; 1965c: 130.
Holotype
FMNH.
Distribution
Kenya (Ngong).
Host
Miniopterus sp.
description: Published as part of Stekolnikov, Alexandr A., 2018, Taxonomy and distribution of African chiggers (Acariformes, Trombiculidae), pp. 1-233 in European Journal of Taxonomy 395 on page 118, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.395, http://zenodo.org/record/3829724
X-ray Microlensing in RXJ1131-1231 and HE1104-1805
Creators: name: Chartas, G.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Dai, X.
name: Poindexter, S.
name: Garmire, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a monitoring campaign performed with the Chandra X-ray Observatory of the gravitationally lensed quasars RX J1131-1231 and HE 1104-1805. We detect significant X-ray variability in all images of both quasars. The flux variability detected in image A of RX J1131-1231 is of particular interest because of its high amplitude (a factor of ~ 20). We interpret it as arising from microlensing since the variability is uncorrelated with that of the other images and the X-ray flux ratios show larger changes than the optical as we would expect for microlensing of the more compact X-ray emission regions. The differences between the X-ray and optical flux ratios of HE 1104-1805 are less dramatic, but there is no significant soft X-ray or dust absorption, implying the presence of X-ray microlensing in this system as well. Combining the X-ray data with the optical light curves we find that the X-ray emitting region of HE 1104-1805 is compact with a half-light radius ~ 6 r_g, where the gravitational radius is r_g = 3.6 x 10^14 cm, thus placing significant constraints on AGN corona models. We also find that the microlensing in HE 1104-1805 favors mass models for the lens galaxy that are dominated by dark matter. Finally, we better characterize the massive foreground cluster near RX J1131-1231, set limits on other sources of extended X-ray emission, and limit the fluxes of any central odd images to be 30-50 (3 sigma) times fainter than the observed images.
description: Comments: 23 pages, includes 12 figures, revised version, corrected figure, accepted for publication in ApJ
การออกแบบชุดตัวอักษรของมหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนคร
Creators: name: ทินวงษ์ รักอิสสระกุล
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนคร
Year: 2012
Subjects: ตัวอักษร,มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลพระนคร

description: 2, 6, วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มทร.พระนคร
Strafvollzug in Baden-Württemberg 2011
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strafvollzug , Baden-Württemberg
subject: 360

description: Strafgefangene und Sicherungsverwahrte in Baden-Württemberg 2011 – Ergebnisse der Strafvollzugsstatistik – Die seit 1961 bundeseinheitlich durchgeführte Strafvollzugsstatistik erfasst die Gefangenen und Verwahrten in den Justizvollzugsanstalten. Gefangenenbestand und Gefangenenbewegung (Zu- und Abgänge) werden dabei nach Art des Vollzugs nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus werden zum 31. März eines jeden Jahres (Stichtagserhebung) kriminologische und demografi sche Strukturdaten der einsitzenden Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten dargestellt.
Pump-probe polarized transient hole burning (PTHB) dynamics of hydrated electron revisited
Creators: name: Shkrob, Ilya A.
name: Larsen, Ross E.
name: Glover, William J.
name: Schwartz, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Femtosecond PTHB spectroscopy was expected to demonstrate the existence of distinct s-p absorption subbands originating from the three nondegenerate p-like excited states of hydrated electron in anisotropic solvation cavity. Yet no conclusive experimental evidence either for this subband structure or the reorientation of the cavity on the picosecond time scale has been obtained. We demonstrate that rapid reorientation of s-p transition dipole moments in response to small scale motion of water molecules is the likely culprit. The polarized bleach is shown to be too small and too short lived to be observed reliably on the sub-picosecond time scale.
description: 10 pages + 3 figures + supplement, will be submitted shortly to Chem. Phys. Lett
Van Gogh TV´s “Piazza Virtuale” – Report-In-Progress and Preliminary Case study
Creators: name: Baumgärtel, Tilman
name: Schröter, Jens
name: Ernst, Christoph
Publisher: name: International Journal for Digital Art History
Year: 2021

description: "Piazza Virtuale" was a ground-breaking art project that took place in 1992 during documenta 9. For one hundered days the artists group Van Gogh TV broadcast daily on the public cable television station 3Sat. It was seen by millions. The group tested models of what audiovisual media could look like if the public were involved in their design – a utopian concept that began to become reality with the advent of the WorldWideWeb from 1994 onwards. In addition to media artists and activists from all over Europe and Japan, the public was also able to participate in the program online, by telephone and fax, and help shape it. The result was a temporary "virtual community" that can be regarded as the predecessor of many contemporary net communities. A number of the phenomena that shape net culture today could already be observed in nuce at "Piazza virtuale": from chats to shitstorms, from smart mobs to cybersex, from collective creation to live video streaming. In this essay, we will give an overview of the project and outline the division of labor between the two project partners. This will be followed by an introduction into the theoretical framework of our research, before we describe in detail the archival approach and research methods that we have employed so far.
description: International Journal for Digital Art History, No. 5 (2020): History of Digital Art
Strafvollzug in Baden-Württemberg 2017
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strafvollzug , Baden-Württemberg
subject: 360

description: Strafgefangene und Sicherungsverwahrte in Baden-Württemberg 2017 – Ergebnisse der Strafvollzugsstatistik – Die seit 1961 bundeseinheitlich durchgeführte Strafvollzugsstatistik erfasst die Gefangenen und Verwahrten in den Justizvollzugsanstalten. Jeweils zum 31. März eines Berichtsjahres werden kriminologische und demografische Strukturdaten der Strafgefangenen im Freiheits- und Jugendstrafvollzug sowie der Sicherungsverwahrten nachgewiesen. Die wichtigsten Merkmalsgruppen sind Alter, Geschlecht und Familienstand, Staatsangehörigkeit, Art und Dauer des Vollzugs, Art der Straftat und Zahl der Vorstrafen.
A faunistic study on Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) from Ardebil and East Azarbayjan provinces, Northwestern Iran
Creators: name: Samin, N.
name: Jussila, R.
name: Sakenin, H.
name: Penteado-Dias, A.M.
Publisher: name: Гуманитарное пространство
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ichneumonidae
species diversity
distribution
host
new records
Iran.

description: This paper deals with ichneumonid species (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) which were collected from Ardebil and East Azarbayjan provinces (Northwestern Iran). In total, 43 species within 33 genera and nine subfamilies (Banchinae, Campopleginae, Cryptinae, Ctenopelmatinae, Eucerotinae, Ichneumoninae, Phygadeuontinae, Poemeniinae and Xoridinae) are represented in this paper which 10 species are new records for the fauna of Iran: Apophua cicatricosa (Ratzeburg, 1848) (Banchinae), Casinaria nigripes (Gravenhorst, 1829), Diadegma claripenne (Thomson, 1887) (Campopleginae), Azelus erythropalpus (Gmelin, 1790) (Ctenopelmatinae), Euceros albitarsus Curtis, 1837 (Eucerotinae), Chasmias lugens (Gravenhorst, 1829) (Ichneumoninae), Charitopes gastricus (Holmgren, 1868), Odontoneura annulicornis (Thomson, 1884) (Phygadeuontinae), Poemenia collaris (Haupt, 1917) (Poemeniinae) and Xorides filiformis (Gravenhorst, 1829) (Xoridinae).
Gate-tunable hallmarks of unconventional superconductivity in non-centrosymmetric nanowires
Creators: name: Singh, Gyanendra
name: Guarcello, Claudio
name: Lesne, Edouard
name: Winkler, Dag
name: Claeson, Tord
name: Bauch, Thilo
name: Lombardi, Floriana
name: Caviglia, Andrea D.
name: Citro, Roberta
name: Cuoco, Mario
name: Kalaboukhov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two dimensional SrTiO3-based interfaces stand out among non-centrosymmetric superconductors due to their intricate interplay of gate tunable Rashba spin-orbit coupling and multi-orbital electronic occupations, whose combination theoretically prefigures various forms of non-standard superconductivity. However, a convincing demonstration by phase sensitive measurements has been elusive so far. Here, by employing superconducting transport measurements in nano-devices we present clear-cut experimental evidences of unconventional superconductivity in the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface. The central observations are the substantial anomalous enhancement of the critical current by small magnetic fields applied perpendicularly to the plane of electron motion, and the asymmetric response with respect to the magnetic field direction. These features have a unique trend in intensity and sign upon electrostatic gating that, together with their dependence on temperature and nanowire dimensions, cannot be accommodated within a scenario of canonical spin-singlet superconductivity. We theoretically demonstrate that the hall-marks of the experimental observations unambiguously indicate a coexistence of Josephson channels with sign difference and intrinsic phase shift. The character of these findings establishes the occurrence of independent components of unconventional pairing in the superconducting state due to inversion symmetry breaking. The outcomes open new venues for the investigation of multi-orbital non-centrosymmetric superconductivity and Josephson-based devices for quantum technologies.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Transition from small to large world in growing networks
Creators: name: Dorogovtsev, S. N.
name: Krapivsky, P. L.
name: Mendes, J. F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We examine the global organization of growing networks in which a new vertex is attached to already existing ones with a probability depending on their age. We find that the network is infinite- or finite-dimensional depending on whether the attachment probability decays slower or faster than $(age)^{-1}$. The network becomes one-dimensional when the attachment probability decays faster than $(age)^{-2}$. We describe structural characteristics of these phases and transitions between them.
description: 5 pages
Double constructions of Frobenius algebras, Connes cocycles and their duality
Creators: name: Bai, Chengming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30, 17A30, 17B60, 57R56, 81T45

description: We construct an associative algebra with a decomposition into the direct sum of the underlying vector spaces of another associative algebra and its dual space such that both of them are subalgebras and the natural symmetric bilinear form is invariant or the natural antisymmetric bilinear form is a Connes cocycle. The former is called a double construction of Frobenius algebra and the latter is called a double construction of Connes cocycle which is interpreted in terms of dendriform algebras. Both of them are equivalent to a kind of bialgebras, namely, antisymmetric infinitesimal bialgebras and dendriform D-bialgebras respectively. In the coboundary cases, our study leads to what we call associative Yang-Baxter equation in an associative algebra and $D$-equation in a dendriform algebra respectively, which are analogues of the classical Yang-Baxter equation in a Lie algebra. We show that an antisymmetric solution of associative Yang-Baxter equation corresponds to the antisymmetric part of a certain operator called ${\mathcal O}$-operator which gives a double construction of Frobenius algebra, whereas a symmetric solution of $D$-equation corresponds to the symmetric part of an ${\mathcal O}$-operator which gives a double construction of Connes cocycle. By comparing antisymmetric infinitesimal bialgebras and dendriform D-bialgebras, we observe that there is a clear analogy between them. Due to the correspondences between certain symmetries and antisymmetries appearing in the analogy, we regard it as a kind of duality.
description: 50 pages, 2 tables; Some straightforward proofs are omitted, some terminologies and references are changed
Carbon Detonation and Shock-Triggered Helium Burning in Neutron Star Superbursts
Creators: name: Weinberg, Nevin N.
name: Bildsten, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong degeneracy of the 12C ignition layer on an accreting neutron star results in a hydrodynamic thermonuclear runaway, in which the nuclear heating time becomes shorter than the local dynamical time. We model the resulting combustion wave during these superbursts as an upward propagating detonation. We solve the reactive fluid flow and show that the detonation propagates through the deepest layers of fuel and drives a shock wave that steepens as it travels upward into lower density material. The shock is sufficiently strong upon reaching the freshly accreted H/He layer that it triggers unstable 4He burning if the superburst occurs during the latter half of the regular Type I bursting cycle; this is likely the origin of the bright Type I precursor bursts observed at the onset of superbursts. The cooling of the outermost shock-heated layers produces a bright, ~0.1s, flash that precedes the Type I burst by a few seconds; this may be the origin of the spike seen at the burst onset in 4U 1820-30 and 4U 1636-54, the only two bursts observed with RXTE at high time resolution. The dominant products of the 12C detonation are 28Si, 32S, and 36Ar. Gupta et al. showed that a crust composed of such intermediate mass elements has a larger heat flux than one composed of iron-peak elements and helps bring the superburst ignition depth into better agreement with values inferred from observations.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted to ApJ; discussion about onset of detonation discussed in new detail, including a new figure
Non-equilibrium microtubule fluctuations in a model cytoskeleton
Creators: name: Brangwynne, C. P.
name: Koenderink, G. H.
name: MacKintosh, F. C.
name: Weitz, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Biological activity gives rise to non-equilibrium fluctuations in the cytoplasm of cells; however, there are few methods to directly measure these fluctuations. Using a reconstituted actin cytoskeleton, we show that the bending dynamics of embedded microtubules can be used to probe local stress fluctuations. We add myosin motors that drive the network out of equilibrium, resulting in an increased amplitude and modified time-dependence of microtubule bending fluctuations. We show that this behavior results from step-like forces on the order of 10 pN driven by collective motor dynamics.
Remote generation of entanglement for individual atoms via optical fibers
Creators: name: Guo, Y. Q.
name: Zhong, H. Y.
name: Zhang, Y. H.
name: Song, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generation of atomic entanglement is discussed in a system that atoms are trapped in separate cavities which are connected via optical fibers. Two distant atoms can be projected to Bell-state by synchronized turning off the local laser fields and then performing a single quantum measurement by a distant controller. The distinct advantage of this scheme is that it works in a regime that $Δ\approxκ\gg g$, which makes the scheme insensitive to cavity strong leakage. Moreover, the fidelity is not affected by atomic spontaneous emission.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
On almost universal mixed sums of squares and triangular numbers
Creators: name: Kane, Ben
name: Sun, Zhi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E25, 11D85, 11E20, 11E95, 11F27, 11F37, 11P99, 11S99

description: In 1997 K. Ono and K. Soundararajan [Invent. Math. 130(1997)] proved that under the generalized Riemann hypothesis any positive odd integer greater than 2719 can be represented by the famous Ramanujan form $x^2+y^2+10z^2$, equivalently the form $2x^2+5y^2+4T_z$ represents all integers greater than 1359, where $T_z$ denotes the triangular number $z(z+1)/2$. Given positive integers $a,b,c$ we employ modular forms and the theory of quadratic forms to determine completely when the general form $ax^2+by^2+cT_z$ represents sufficiently large integers and establish similar results for the forms $ax^2+bT_y+cT_z$ and $aT_x+bT_y+cT_z$. Here are some consequences of our main theorems: (i) All sufficiently large odd numbers have the form $2ax^2+y^2+z^2$ if and only if all prime divisors of $a$ are congruent to 1 modulo 4. (ii) The form $ax^2+y^2+T_z$ is almost universal (i.e., it represents sufficiently large integers) if and only if each odd prime divisor of $a$ is congruent to 1 or 3 modulo 8. (iii) $ax^2+T_y+T_z$ is almost universal if and only if all odd prime divisors of $a$ are congruent to 1 modulo 4. (iv) When $v_2(a)\not=3$, the form $aT_x+T_y+T_z$ is almost universal if and only if all odd prime divisors of $a$ are congruent to 1 modulo 4 and $v_2(a)\not=5,7,...$, where $v_2(a)$ is the 2-adic order of $a$.
description: 35 pages
Self-similar shear-thickening behavior in CTAB/NaSal surfactant solutions
Creators: name: Vasudevan, Mukund
name: Shen, Amy
name: Khomami, Bamin
name: Sureshkumar, Radhakrishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of salt concentration Cs on the critical shear rate required for the onset of shear thickening and apparent relaxation time of the shear-thickened phase, has been investigated systematically for dilute CTAB/NaSal solutions. Experimental data suggest a self-similar behavior of the critical shear rate and relaxation time as functions of Cs. Specifically, the former ~ Cs^(-6) whereas the latter ~ Cs^(6) such that an effective Weissenberg number for the onset of the shear thickened phase is only weakly dependent on Cs. A procedure has been developed to collapse the apparent shear viscosity versus shear rate data obtained for various values of Cs into a single master curve. The effect of Cs on the elastic modulus and mesh size of the shear-induced gel phase for different surfactant concentrations is discussed. Experiments performed using different flow cells (Couette and cone-and-plate) show that the critical shear rate, relaxation time and the maximum viscosity attained are geometry-independent. The elastic modulus of the gel phase inferred indirectly by employing simplified hydrodynamic instability analysis of a sheared gel-fluid interface is in qualitative agreement with that predicted for an entangled phase of living polymers. A qualitative mechanism that combines the effect of Cs on average micelle length and Debye parameter with shear-induced configurational changes of rod-like micelles is proposed to rationalize the self-similarity of SIS formation.
description: 27 pages, 17 figures