cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Second Chance in Kyrgyzstan?
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: International relations

description: Regardless of how events play out in Kyrgyzstan, it is now clear that U.S. policy there in recent years has been misguided. The U.S. allowed itself to be manipulated into supporting a government that was not only corrupt and undemocratic but also weak and incompetent because of the strong need to have access to the Manas Air Force Base which is only a few miles from Bishkek. The Manas Air Force Base plays a key role in transporting troops and materials to support the U.S. led effort in Afghanistan, so the U.S. was forced to accede to the demands of the Bakiev regime in exchange for access to the base. The U.S. largely overlooked the ample shortcomings of this key Central Asian regime because of the base. The failure of the U.S. to speak out against the increasingly authoritarian Kyrgyz government was not lost on the beleaguered opposition-the same beleaguered opposition which is currently running the country.
Towards a Tool-based Development Methodology for Pervasive Computing Applications
Creators: name: Cassou, Damien
name: Bruneau, Julien
name: Consel, Charles
name: Balland, Emilie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite much progress, developing a pervasive computing application remains a challenge because of a lack of conceptual frameworks and supporting tools. This challenge involves coping with heterogeneous devices, overcoming the intricacies of distributed systems technologies, working out an architecture for the application, encoding it in a program, writing specific code to test the application, and finally deploying it. This paper presents a design language and a tool suite covering the development life-cycle of a pervasive computing application. The design language allows to define a taxonomy of area-specific building-blocks, abstracting over their heterogeneity. This language also includes a layer to define the architecture of an application, following an architectural pattern commonly used in the pervasive computing domain. Our underlying methodology assigns roles to the stakeholders, providing separation of concerns. Our tool suite includes a compiler that takes design artifacts written in our language as input and generates a programming framework that supports the subsequent development stages, namely implementation, testing, and deployment. Our methodology has been applied on a wide spectrum of areas. Based on these experiments, we assess our approach through three criteria: expressiveness, usability, and productivity.
Drupal and Libraries
Creators: name: Kroski, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Library science

description: Today's hottest Web destinations are sites which incorporate social features and functionality. They draw in readers by giving them the option to become writers as well; to contribute, to interact, to share, and to create. This article discusses the free, open-source, content management system called Drupal which enables the development of just such social websites, and how it's being used by libraries.
title: MRI findings in paediatric haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).
Creators: name: Shah, Priya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Haematologic
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: This educational poster will highlight the imaging findings in our cohort of paediatric patients with confirmed HLH. The reader will: Understand the wide range of imaging findings associated with HLH. Appreciate the radiological mimics of...
Determination of disease progression with early toxin-induced neuropathology in the ageing mutant SOD mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Creators: name: Kam, Grace Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Adult onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) poses progressive and irreversible functional deficits to the central nervous system due to loss of motor neurons, caused by some poorly characterized, multifactorial etiology. Research focused on sporadic ALS cases with vastly greater incidence than hereditary ALS describes the potential causes to be of environmental origin. The discovery of endemic ALS in the native Chamorro population of Guam during the 1950s and the co-occurence of Parkinsonism and dementia led to searches for an environmental cause. To determine whether a genetic predisposition to adult-onset ALS could be exacerbated by a toxin that is known to produce a similar phenotype, I combined genetic and environmental models of ALS and tested a known neurotoxin (steryl glucosides) for its potential synergistic properties in combination with the genetic defect. Transgenic SOD1 G37R mice were treated with 42 mg toxin per kilogram of body weight daily in their daily diet. Results showed an additive effect of toxinonspinal motor neuron death, and caused decreases in average soma diameter on surviving motor neurons. The presence of the transgene alone resulted in smaller diameter ventral root axons.Toxin exposure alone resulted in a bimodal configuration of the ventral root size histogram resembling a more immature state of motor axons.The transgene alone markedly increased the amount of GFAP- and Iba1-positive glial cells in the spinal cord grey matter, with a heterogeneous expression of ramified (resting) and activated morphology. The transgene in combination with toxin did not significantly change glial numbers, but caused all glial cells to become extensively activated. Although the mechanism of cycad toxin-induced neurodegeneration remains uncertain, these results showed that dietary exposure to environmental toxin alone was sufficient to produce a disease phenotype, and when implemented in conjunction to a genetic predisposition to ALS was sufficient to produce a more severe disease phenotype. In conclusion, the environmental agent studied here has direct cytotoxic effects, contributes to disease progression in ALS, and indicate an additive effect of dietary neurotoxin in combination with genetic mutations leading to familial ALS.
Russian Spheres of Interest and the Question of Kyrgyzstan
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: International relations
East Europeans

description: The war between Russia and Georgia in August of 2008 revealed many tensions between Russia and the west. One of the most significant of these issues was the Russian belief in "spheres of privileged interests." According to this view, which Russian president Dmitri Medvedev spelled out very clearly in September of 2008, because it is a major regional power, Russia should have special rights in its part of the world including much of the former Soviet Union. This was meant as both a post facto justification for Russia's actions in the Georgia war as well as a statement about Russia's intentions going forward. Russia, according to Medvedev, was going to reassert itself as the dominant power in the region, which was an implicit warning to the U.S. to tone down its involvement in the former Soviet Union.
title: Granulomatous epididymo-orchitis after intravesical BCG therapy: ultrasound evaluation in early diagnosis and differential diagnosis.
Creators: name: Messina, Filippo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Not applicable
subject: Infection
subject: Screening
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Genitourinary

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe ultrasound findings in granulomatous epididymo-orchitis and in differential diagnosis with benign and malignant testicular lesions To validate ultrasound evaluation in early diagnosis of post-BCG epididymo-orchitis in patients with...
Feature-Based Generalized Gaussian Distribution Method for NLoS Detection in Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Indoor Positioning System
Creators: name: Che, Fuhu
name: Ahmed, Qasim Zeeshan
name: Fontaine, Jaron
name: Van Herbruggen, Ben
name: Shahid, Adnan
name: De Poorter, Eli
name: Lazaridis, Pavlos I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) propagation condition is a crucial factor affecting the precision of the localization in the Ultra-Wideband (UWB) Indoor Positioning System (IPS). Numerous supervised Machine Learning (ML) approaches have been applied for NLoS identification to improve the accuracy of the IPS. However, it is difficult for existing ML approaches to maintain a high classification accuracy when the database contains a small number of NLoS signals and a large number of Line-of-Sight (LoS) signals. The inaccurate localization of the target node caused by this small number of NLoS signals can still be problematic. To solve this issue, we propose feature-based Gaussian Distribution (GD) and Generalized Gaussian Distribution (GGD) NLoS detection algorithms. By employing our detection algorithm for the imbalanced dataset, a classification accuracy of $96.7\%$ and $98.0\%$ can be achieved. We also compared the proposed algorithm with the existing cutting-edge such as Support-Vector-Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), Naive Bayes (NB), and Neural Network (NN), which can achieve an accuracy of $92.6\%$, $92.8\%$, $93.2\%$, and $95.5\%$, respectively. The results demonstrate that the GGD algorithm can achieve high classification accuracy with the imbalanced dataset. Finally, the proposed algorithm can also achieve a higher classification accuracy for different ratios of LoS and NLoS signals which proves the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Troubled U.S.-Pakistan Relationship
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: International relations

description: Only two weeks after President Obama decided to expand the war in Afghanistan, their have been a several news stories describing how the U.S. alliance with Pakistan, a relationship without which success in Afghanistan is difficult to imagine, is frayed. Reports that Islamabad does not see eye-to-eye on the war with the U.S. are unfortunate, but reports that U.S. officials in Pakistan are facing obstacles and even harassment make the prospect of success in Afghanistan seem even more distant.
Effectiveness of Debiasing Techniques: An Indigenous Qualitative Analysis
Creators: name: Yogarajan, Vithya
name: Dobbie, Gillian
name: Gouk, Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An indigenous perspective on the effectiveness of debiasing techniques for pre-trained language models (PLMs) is presented in this paper. The current techniques used to measure and debias PLMs are skewed towards the US racial biases and rely on pre-defined bias attributes (e.g. "black" vs "white"). Some require large datasets and further pre-training. Such techniques are not designed to capture the underrepresented indigenous populations in other countries, such as Māori in New Zealand. Local knowledge and understanding must be incorporated to ensure unbiased algorithms, especially when addressing a resource-restricted society.
description: accepted with invite to present
Gauge invariances of higher derivative Maxwell-Chern-Simons field theory -- a new Hamiltonian approach
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Pradip
name: Paul, Biswajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method of abstracting the independent gauge invariances of higher derivative systems, recently introduced in [1], has been applied to higher derivative field theories. This has been discussed taking the extended Maxwell-Chern-Simons model as an example. A new Hamiltonian analysis of the model is provided. This Hamiltonian analysis has been used to construct the independent gauge generator. An exact mapping between the Hamiltonian gauge transformations and the U(1) symmetries of the action has been established.
description: 16 pages, no figure. Title and abstract modified, new references added. This version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Minimal Clinically Important Difference of Tinnitus Outcome Measurement Instruments—A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Langguth, Berthold
name: De Ridder, Dirk
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: minimal clinically important difference, minimal detectable change, patient reported outcome, anchor-based method, distribution-based method, clinical trial
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Objective: Tinnitus assessment and outcome measurement are complex, as tinnitus is a purely subjective phenomenon. Instruments used for the outcome measurement of tinnitus in the context of clinical trials include self-report questionnaires, visual analogue or numeric rating scales and psychoacoustic measurements of tinnitus loudness. For the evaluation of therapeutic interventions, it is critical to know which changes in outcome measurement instruments can be considered as clinically relevant. For this purpose, the concept of the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) has been introduced. Study design: Here we performed a literature research in PubMed in order to identify for which tinnitus outcome measurements MCID criteria have been estimated and which of these estimates fulfil the current methodological standards and can thus be considered as established. Results: For most, but not all tinnitus outcome instruments, MCID calculations have been performed. The MCIDs for the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ), the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) and visual analogue scales (VAS) vary considerably across studies. Psychoacoustic assessments of tinnitus such as loudness matching have not shown sufficient reliability and validity for the use as an outcome measurement. Conclusion: Future research should aim at the confirmation of the available estimates in large samples involving various therapeutic interventions and under the consideration of time intervals and baseline values. As a rule of thumb, an improvement of about 15% can be considered clinically meaningful, analogous to what has been seen in other entirely subjective pathologies like chronic pain.
description: This article belongs to the Special Issue: The Journey of Hearing and Hearing-Related Disorders over Time
title: Use of Common Data Elements and Diagnostic Templates in a Clinical Decision Support System to Produce Higher-Quality Radiology Reports
Creators: name: Vining, David
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Education and training
subject: Cancer
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Screening
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: RIS
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Management
subject: Computer applications
subject: Imaging Informatics

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The communication of actionable results, such as the application of ACR RADS nomenclature, is hindered by a radiologist's recall of how to apply specific recommendations. 1 We developed a clinical decision support (CDS) that is designed to guide and...
Driving kinetically constrained models into non-equilibrium steady states: structural and slow transport properties
Creators: name: Turci, Francesco
name: Pitard, Estelle
name: Sellitto, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex fluids in shear flow and biased dynamics in crowded environments exhibit counterintuitive features which are difficult to address both at theoretical level and by molecular dynamic simulations. To understand some of these features we study a schematic model of highly viscous liquid, the 2D Kob-Andersen kinetically constrained model, driven into non-equilibrium steady states by a uniform non-Hamiltonian force. We present a detailed numerical analysis of the microscopic behavior of the model, including transversal and longitudinal spatial correlations and dynamic heterogeneities. In particular, we show that at high particle density the transition from positive to negative resistance regimes in the current vs field relation can be explained via the emergence of nontrivial structures that intermittently trap the particles and slow down the dynamics. We relate such spatial structures to the current vs field relation in the different transport regimes.
Is Cross-modal Information Retrieval Possible without Training?
Creators: name: Choi, Hyunjin
name: Lee, Hyunjae
name: Joe, Seongho
name: Gwon, Youngjune L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Encoded representations from a pretrained deep learning model (e.g., BERT text embeddings, penultimate CNN layer activations of an image) convey a rich set of features beneficial for information retrieval. Embeddings for a particular modality of data occupy a high-dimensional space of its own, but it can be semantically aligned to another by a simple mapping without training a deep neural net. In this paper, we take a simple mapping computed from the least squares and singular value decomposition (SVD) for a solution to the Procrustes problem to serve a means to cross-modal information retrieval. That is, given information in one modality such as text, the mapping helps us locate a semantically equivalent data item in another modality such as image. Using off-the-shelf pretrained deep learning models, we have experimented the aforementioned simple cross-modal mappings in tasks of text-to-image and image-to-text retrieval. Despite simplicity, our mappings perform reasonably well reaching the highest accuracy of 77% on recall@10, which is comparable to those requiring costly neural net training and fine-tuning. We have improved the simple mappings by contrastive learning on the pretrained models. Contrastive learning can be thought as properly biasing the pretrained encoders to enhance the cross-modal mapping quality. We have further improved the performance by multilayer perceptron with gating (gMLP), a simple neural architecture.
METRICS: a pattern language of scholarship in medical education
Creators: name: Ellaway, Rachel H.
name: Topps, David A.
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2017
Subjects: scholarship
activity metrics

description: Scholarly activity in health professions education has been growing steadily but despite the broad interest, quite what is considered to be scholarly activity in medical education has remained vague. Boyer’s classes of scholarly activity (Boyer 1990) and Glassick et al.’s criteria required of an artefact to render it scholarly (Glassick et al. 1997) have been widely discussed. While the Glassick model has helped to define to what scholarly activity should be, we have found the Boyer model of what kinds of activity count as scholarship is lacking. We have developed the METRICS model of scholarly activity in medical education that maps more directly to scholarly activities. Metascholarship - activities that reflect on the nature of scholarship; Evaluation - activities that measure value or axiology; Translation - activities that move findings or practices from one domain to another; Research - activities that focus on theory generation or testing (experimental, descriptive or explanatory); Innovation - activities that focus on creating new ideas, objects and practices; Conceptual - activities that explore or develop new models, concepts, and paradigms; Synthesis - activities that focus on the integration of existing knowledge and practice. Having built the METRICS model and tested it extensively in our own practice, we now seek to engage others in its use and appraisal.
Gravitational radiation reaction and second order perturbation theory
Creators: name: Detweiler, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A point particle of small mass m moves in free fall through a background vacuum spacetime metric g_ab and creates a first-order metric perturbation h^1ret_ab that diverges at the particle. Elementary expressions are known for the singular m/r part of h^1ret_ab and for its tidal distortion determined by the Riemann tensor in a neighborhood of m. Subtracting this singular part h^1S_ab from h^1ret_ab leaves a regular remainder h^1R_ab. The self-force on the particle from its own gravitational field adjusts the world line at O(m) to be a geodesic of g_ab+h^1R_ab. The generalization of this description to second-order perturbations is developed and results in a wave equation governing the second-order h^2ret_ab with a source that has an O(m^2) contribution from the stress-energy tensor of m added to a term quadratic in h^1ret_ab. Second-order self-force analysis is similar to that at first order: The second-order singular field h^2S_ab subtracted from h^2ret_ab yields the regular remainder h^2R_ab, and the second-order self-force is then revealed as geodesic motion of m in the metric g_ab+h^1R+h^2R.
description: 7 pages, conforms to the version submitted to PRD
Randomized Instruction Sets and Runtime Environments: Past Research and Future Directions
Creators: name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: Instruction set randomization offers a way to combat code-injection attacks by separating code from data (specifically, by randomizing legitimate code's execution environment). The author describes the motivation behind this approach and two application environments,
Silicon Photonics Wavelength-Independent C-Band Tunable Optical Filter With Feasible Thermal Tuning Requirements
Creators: name: Alnairat, Saif
name: Wohlfeil, Benjamin
name: Djordjevic, Stevan
name: Schmauss, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A filter design based on Vernier microrings and wideband directional couplers is proposed for ASE noise suppression in next generation DCI applications. We demonstrate a 40 nm FSR-free filter with > 20.5 dB average ER and 3dB-BW of 75 GHz, achieving wavelength-independent performance and full tunability with a maximum tuning temperature of 75 K.
description: This work has been partially funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research under the grant agreement 13N14937 (PEARLS)
Local Tunneling Magnetoresistance probed by Low-Temperature Scanning Laser Microscopy
Creators: name: Werner, Robert
name: Weiler, Mathias
name: Petrov, Aleksandr Yu.
name: Davidson, Bruce A.
name: Gross, Rudolf
name: Kleiner, Reinhold
name: Goennenwein, Sebastian T. B.
name: Koelle, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) in a vertical manganite junction was investigated by low-temperature scanning laser microscopy (LTSLM) allowing to determine the local relative magnetization M orientation of the two electrodes as a function of magnitude and orientation of the external magnetic field H. Sweeping the field amplitude at fixed orientation revealed magnetic domain nucleation and propagation in the junction electrodes. For the high-resistance state an almost single-domain antiparallel magnetization configuration was achieved, while in the low-resistance state the junction remained in a multidomain state. Calculated resistance $R_\mathrm{calc}(H)$ based on the local M configuration obtained by LTSLM is in quantitative agreement with R(H) measured by magnetotransport.
title: Soft tissue tumours and pseudotumours of fingers: Review and radiological approach
Creators: name: ANTÓN JIMÉNEZ, ALBA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Anatomy
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: CT
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the anatomy of the fingers . To illustrate the radiological findings of typical and atypical soft tissue tumoural and pseudo-tumoural lesions involving fingers. To make an approach to the differential diagnosis based on pathological...
Superconductivity in the topological semimetal YPtBi
Creators: name: Butch, Nicholas P.
name: Syers, P.
name: Kirshenbaum, Kevin
name: Hope, Andrew P.
name: Paglione, Johnpierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noncentrosymmetric Half Heusler compound YPtBi exhibits superconductivity below a critical temperature T_c = 0.77 K with a zero-temperature upper critical field H_c2(0) = 1.5 T. Magnetoresistance and Hall measurements support theoretical predictions that this material is a topologically nontrivial semimetal having a surprisingly low positive charge carrier density of 2 x 10^18 cm^-3. Unconventional linear magnetoresistance and beating in Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations point to spin-orbit split Fermi surfaces. The sensitivity of magnetoresistance to surface roughness suggests a possible contribution from surface states. The combination of noncentrosymmetry and strong spin-orbit coupling in YPtBi presents a promising platform for the investigation of topological superconductivity.
description: 4 pgs, 4 figs added magnetic susceptibility data, clarified figures & text
Voice-over-IP Security: Research and Practice
Creators: name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Computer science

description: Consumers and enterprises alike are rapidly adopting voice-over-IP (VoIP) technologies, which offer higher flexibility and more features than traditional telephony infrastructures. They can also potentially lower costs through equipment consolidation and, for the consumer market, new business models. However, VoIP systems also represent high complexity in terms of architecture, protocols, and implementation, with a corresponding increase in the potential for misuse. The author conducted survey of published vulnerabilities in the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) database and in two IETF RFC Internet drafts. These issues ranged from relatively straightforward problems that can lead to server or equipment crashes (denial of service [DoS]) to more serious problems that let adversaries eavesdrop on communications, remotely take over servers or handsets, impersonate users, avoid billing or charge another user (toll fraud), and so on.
title: Congenital and pathologic processes of the inferior vena cava: multidetector computed tomography features
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Athanasia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Vascular
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: CT
subject: Catheters
subject: Normal variants
subject: Stents
subject: Congenital
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The inferior vena cava (IVC) is the main conduit of venous return to the right atrium from the lower extremities and abdominal viscera. Our study aims to illustrate the role of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in depiction of both congenital...
Current and Emerging Trends Influencing Educational Research - Document Scan - Themes
Creators: name: Smith, Cameron W.
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2017

description: Overview: This summary document presents brief synopses of seven themes related to current Canadian and international education, prepared for the Werklund School of Education Research Areas Working Group. Listed alphabetically, these themes connect to current and emerging trends influencing educational research in early years, K-20, and adult education. These themes were drawn from a scan of over 70 reports and research articles from international education bodies (e.g. OECD, UNESCO), research networks (e.g. Galileo Educational Network), organizations (e.g. McKinsey & Company), and Canadian Ministries of Education (Ontario and Alberta). These themes are: • Adult Education & Lifelong Learning • Belonging & Inclusion • Citizenship & Changing Societies • Digital Technology & STEM • Engagement & Retention • Health & Wellbeing • Literacy & Numeracy.
School Context and the Gender Gap in Educational Achievement
Creators: name: Legewie, Joscha
name: DiPrete, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Education
Gender identity
Sex role

description: Today, boys generally under-perform relative to girls in schools throughout the industrialized world. Building on theories about gender identity and reports from prior ethnographic classroom observations, we argue that the school environment channels the conception of masculinity in the peer culture, and thereby either fosters or inhibits the development of anti-school attitudes and behavior among boys. Girls' peer groups, in contrast, do not vary as strongly with the social environment in the extent to which school engagement is stigmatized as "un-feminine." As a consequence, boys are more sensitive to school resources that create a learning oriented environment than are girls. Our analyses use a quasi-experimental research design to estimate the gender difference in the causal effect on test scores, and focus on peer SES as an important school resource. We argue that assignment to 5th grade classrooms within Berlin schools is practically random, and we evaluate this selection process by an examination of Berlin's school regulations, by simulation analysis, and by qualitative interviews with school principles. Estimates of the effect of SES composition on male and female performance strongly support our central hypothesis, and other analyses support our proposed mechanism as the likely explanation of the gender differences in the causal effect.
title: Pulmonary involvement in patients with hematological malignancies through computed tomography perspective
Creators: name: Pajic, Lazar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT
subject: Lung
subject: Haematologic
subject: Chest

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Determine the spectrum of findings on chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with hematological...
Panchromatic properties of galaxies in wide-field optical spectroscopic and photometric surveys
Creators: name: Driver, Simon P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past 15 years have seen an explosion in the number of redshifts recovered via wide area spectroscopic surveys. At the current time there are approximately 2million spectroscopic galaxy redshifts known (and rising) which represents an extraordinary growth since the pioneering work of Marc Davis and John Huchra. Similarly there has been a parallel explosion in wavelength coverage with imaging surveys progressing from single band, to multi-band, to truly multiwavelength or pan-chromatic involving the coordination of multiple facilities. With these empirically motivated studies has come a wealth of new discoveries impacting almost all areas of astrophysics. Today individual surveys, as best demonstrated by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, now rank shoulder-to-shoulder alongside major facilities. In the coming years this trend is set to continue as we being the process of designing and conducting the next generation of spectroscopic surveys supported by multi-facility wavelength coverage.
description: Invited review article to be published in Proceedings of IAU Symposium 284 on "The Spectral Energy Distribution of Galaxies", (Eds: R.J.Tuffs & C.C.Popescu)
The selection of an underground mining method using the fuzzy TOPSIS method: a case study in the Kamar Mahdi II fluorine mine
Creators: name: Javanshirgiv, Mohammad
name: Safari, Mohsen
Publisher: name: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology
Year: 2017
Subjects: fuzzy TOPSIS, mining method selection, The Kamar Mahdi Fluorine Mine, Shrinkage stoping

description: Mining Science
Rumination as a Psychological Risk Factor for Body Dissatisfaction in Middle-Aged Women
Creators: name: Nieborowska, Victoria
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Psychology--Developmental

description: In a society that promotes anti-aging, sociocultural pressures for a young and thin body type negatively affects body image and mental health in aging women. However, little is known about how women in middle adulthood experience body dissatisfaction. Given that cognitive appraisal is a component of body dissatisfaction, this study aimed to investigate whether perseverative negative thinking about one’s body, assessed by ruminative brooding and reflection, contributed to body dissatisfaction in midlife women. In order to better understand the link between rumination and body dissatisfaction, depression, trait anxiety, self-esteem, and quality of life were utilized as mediators. A sample of 351 women between 40 to 65 years of age from the United States were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk and completed several self-report measures. The findings revealed that ruminative brooding significantly predicted body dissatisfaction, compared to ruminative reflection. Additionally, depression, trait anxiety, self-esteem, and quality of life partially mediated the relationship between ruminative brooding and body dissatisfaction. The findings suggested that ruminative brooding might be an underlying mechanism of body dissatisfaction in middle-aged women. Implications for counselling and research highlight the importance of addressing negative self-focused thinking about one’s body and its potential consequences.
title: Comparison of medical and non-medical monitors used for diagnosis
Creators: name: Siria López, Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Physics
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Image Quality
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Study the temporal evolution of luminosity, uniformity and DICOM calibration. Comparison between medical grade and non-medical grade monitors used for...
Reduced Ambiguity Calibration for LOFAR
Creators: name: Yatawatta, Sarod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Interferometric calibration always yields non unique solutions. It is therefore essential to remove these ambiguities before the solutions could be used in any further modeling of the sky, the instrument or propagation effects such as the ionosphere. We present a method for LOFAR calibration which does not yield a unitary ambiguity, especially under ionospheric distortions. We also present exact ambiguities we get in our solutions, in closed form. Casting this as an optimization problem, we also present conditions for this approach to work. The proposed method enables us to use the solutions obtained via calibration for further modeling of instrumental and propagation effects. We provide extensive simulation results on the performance of our method. Moreover, we also give cases where due to degeneracy, this method fails to perform as expected and in such cases, we suggest exploiting diversity in time, space and frequency.
description: Draft version. Final version published on 10 April 2012
High School Environments, STEM Orientations, and the Gender Gap in Science and Engineering Degrees
Creators: name: Legewie, Joscha
name: DiPrete, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Education
Gender identity
Sex role

description: This study examines two important and related dimensions of the persisting gender gap in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) bachelor degrees: First, the life-course timing of a stable gender gap in STEM orientation, and second, variations in the gender gap across high schools. We build on existing psychological and sociological gender theories to develop a theoretical argument about the development of STEM orientations during adolescence and the potential influence of the local high school environment on the formation of STEM orientations by females and males. Using the National Education Longitudinal Study (NELS), we then decompose the gender gap in STEM bachelor degrees and show that the solidification of the gender gap in STEM orientations is largely a process that occurs during the high school years. Far from being a fixed attribute of adolescent development, however, we find that the size of the gender gap in STEM orientation is quite sensitive to local high school influences; going to school at a high school that is supportive of a positive orientation by females towards math and science can reduce the gender gap in STEM bachelor degrees by 25% or more.
title: Bowel wall thickness, which underlying pathology can be masqueraded?
Creators: name: Antonakou, Irene
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Oedema
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT-Enterography
subject: CT
subject: Emergency
subject: Abdomen
subject: GI Tract
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: -To present the variety of different patterns of bowel wall thickness in acute and chronic disease. -To compare imaging and clinical findings. -To identify computed tomography (CT) features of bowel wall thickness and consider its...
Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Marble powder on the performance of Selt-Compacting Concrete (SCC)
Creators: name: Belagraa, Larbi
name: Djebri, Nora Said
name: Rahmouni, Zine Elabidine
Publisher: name: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology
Year: 2017
Subjects: environment, self-compacting concrete, Marble Fillers, Mechanical proprieties, rheological characteristics

description: Mining Science
title: Machine learning in medical imaging: common developer errors
Creators: name: Gombolevskiy, Victor
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
subject: Computer applications
subject: Neural networks
subject: Safety
subject: Education and training
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To present most common methodological errors in machine learning algorithm...
Afghanistan's Presidential Election: Why It's a Problem That Karzai Is a Sure Bet to Win
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The election in Afghanistan on Thursday will be watched closely around the world. It will be a critical moment for Afghanistan’s future as well as for American efforts in that country. The election will be a test for the nascent Afghan state, the ability of American and other forces to maintain peace in the country, and for Afghan unity. It is also an election, at least at the presidential level, where the outcome is a foregone conclusion. It is almost certain that Afghan president Hamid Karzai will be reelected.
The Giants Can Develop Hitters Too
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Recreation

description: In 2012, only eight players 25 years old or younger came to bat 400 or more times and posted an OPS+ of 120 or better. These players may not be the best eight young hitters in the big leagues, but according to this reasonably good heuristic, they should be considered among the eight best. The names of four of these players should come as no surprise. Buster Posey, Mike Trout, Andrew McClutchen and Giancarlo Stanton, had OPS+ better than 150 last year and clearly are among the very best young hitters in the game.
Effect of uniaxial pressure on the magneto-structural transitions of iron arsenide superconductors
Creators: name: Cano, A.
name: Paul, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the variation of the magnetic and the structural transition temperatures of the iron arsenide superconductors with external uniaxial stress. We show that the increase of the transition temperatures reported in recent experiments is compatible with a simple magneto-elastic model in which the physical origin of this variation is linked to the fact that antiferromagnetic bonds are longer than the ferromagnetic ones in the magnetic phase. We make predictions which can be verified in order to test the relevance of this model.
description: 3 + epsilon pages, 2 figures
Second order add/drop filter with a single ring resonator
Creators: name: Cherchi, Matteo
name: Sun, Fei
name: Kapulainen, Markku
name: Vehmas, Tapani
name: Harjanne, Mikko
name: Aalto, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show theoretically and experimentally how a flat-top second-order response can be achieved with a self-coupled single add-drop ring resonator based on two couplers with different splitting ratios. The resulting device is a 1x1 filter, reflecting light back in the input waveguide at resonating wavelengths in the passbands, and transmitting light in the output waveguide at all other non-resonating wavelengths. Different implementations of the filter have been designed and fabricated on a micron-scale silicon photonics platform. They are based on compact Euler bends - either U-bends or L-bends - and Multi-Mode Interferometers as splitters for the ring resonators. Different finesse values have been achieved by using either 50:50 MMIs in conjunction with 85:15 MMIs or 85:15 MMIs in conjunction with 95:05 double MMIs. Unlike ordinary lowest order directional couplers, the MMIs couple most of the power in the cross-port which make them particularly suitable for the topology of the self-coupled ring, which would otherwise require a waveguide crossing. Experimental results are presented, showing good agreement with simulations. The proposed devices can find applications as wavelength-selective reflectors for relatively broad-band lasers or used as 2x2 add-drop filters when two exact replicas of the device are placed on the arms of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
description: 9 pages, 17 references, 12 figures
02 Agenda: Environmental justice in the Anthropocene symposium
Creators: name: Colorado State University. School Of Global Environmental Sustainability, Author
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2017

description: The Environmental justice in the Anthropocene symposium was held on April 24-25, 2017 at the Lory Student Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Colorado. This symposium aims to bring together academics (faculty and graduate students), independent researchers, community and movement activists, and regulatory and policy practitioners from across disciplines, research areas, perspectives, and different countries. Our overarching goal is to build on several decades of EJ research and practice to address the seemingly intractable environmental and ecological problems of this unfolding era. How can we explore EJ amongst humans and between nature and humans, within and across generations, in an age when humans dominate the landscape? How can we better understand collective human dominance without obscuring continuing power differentials and inequities within and between human societies? What institutional and governance innovations can we adopt to address existing challenges and to promote just transitions and futures?
description: Formatted as Excel spreadsheet.
description: Final agenda for the "Environmental Justice in the Anthropocene Symposium" held on April 24-25, 2017, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Colorado.