cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mitogenomic sequences support a north–south subspecies subdivision within Solenodon paradoxus
Creators: name: Brandt, Adam L.
name: Grigorev, Kirill
name: Afanador-Hernández, Yashira M.
name: Paulino, Liz A.
name: J. Murphy, William
name: Núñez, Adrell
name: Komissarov, Aleksey
name: Brandt, Jessica R.
name: Dobrynin, Pavel
name: Hernández-Martich, J. David
name: María, Roberto
name: J. O’Brien, Stephen
name: Rodríguez, Luis E.
name: Martínez-Cruzado, Juan C.
name: K. Oleksyk, Taras
name: L. Roca, Alfred
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Solenodons are insectivores found only in Hispaniola and Cuba, with a Mesozoic divergence date versus extant mainland mammals. Solenodons are the oldest lineage of living eutherian mammal for which a mitogenome sequence has not been reported. We determined complete mitogenome sequences for six Hispaniolan solenodons (Solenodon paradoxus) using next-generation sequencing. The solenodon mitogenomes were 16,454–16,457 bp long and carried the expected repertoire of genes. A mitogenomic phylogeny confirmed the basal position of solenodons relative to shrews and moles, with solenodon mitogenomes estimated to have diverged from those of other mammals ca. 78 Mya. Control region sequences of solenodons from the northern (n = 3) and southern (n = 5) Dominican Republic grouped separately in a network, with FST = 0.72 (p = 0.036) between north and south. This regional genetic divergence supports previous morphological and genetic reports recognizing northern (S. p. paradoxus) and southern (S. p. woodi) subspecies in need of separate conservation plans.
DNA barcoding of the fishes of the genus Alburnoides (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) from Caucasus
Creators: name: Levin, Boris A.
name: Simonov, Evgeniy
name: Matveyev, Michael P.
name: Artaev, Oleg N.
name: Mustafayev, Namig J.
name: Pashkov, Andrey N.
name: Roubenyan, Haikaz R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Spirlins of the genus Alburnoides are widespread fishes, which taxonomy has been rapidly developing in recent years. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) was used as DNA barcode marker to create a reference dataset of Caucasian Alburnoides and to test its barcoding efficiency. All four previously known Caucasian species of Alburnoides were confirmed as valid species with high genetic distances to sister species as well confirmed as Caucasian endemics. Alburnoides samiii, previously known from Sefidroud basin (Iran), was discovered in Transcaucasia. The accuracy of species identification of Ponto-Caspian Alburnoides by DNA barcodes was 100%. In addition, one potentially new species within A. gmelini was revealed. Despite the limited ability of COI to infer phylogenetic relationships, study provided evidence that Ponto-Caspian lineage of Alburnoides includes significantly larger number of species from Caspian Sea basin and inland basins of Central Asia.
Ρητορική δεινότητα και Ιερωσύνη: Σπουδή στους Λόγους του Ιερού Χρυσοστόμου Περί Ιερωσύνης
Creators: name: Χατζηγεωργίου, Παύλος Στυλιανού
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ρητορική
Ιερωσύνη
Ιωάννης Χρυσόστομος
Rhetoric
Priesthood
John Chrysostomos

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας ήταν η διερεύνηση των θέσεων του Ιερού Χρυσοστόμου για τη ρητορική δεινότητα που πρέπει να διέπει τους λόγους των ιερωμένων με κύρια πηγή τους Περί Ιερωσύνης Λόγους του Χρυσοστόμου. Αρχικώς αναλύθηκε η Ρητορική ως τέχνη, η ιστορία της και η συνάντησή της με τους χριστιανούς συγγραφείς. Έπειτα παρατέθηκε το γενικό πλαίσιο της ιεροσύνης και η διακονία της στη ζωή της Εκκλησίας. Κυρίως αναλύθηκαν οι θέσεις του Χρυσοστόμου για τη χρήση ρητορικής στο ποιμαντικό έργο της Εκκλησίας και επίσης η σχέση αλληλεπιδράσεως που αναπτύσσεται μεταξύ τους κήρυκα-ρήτορα και του ακροατηρίου, δίδοντας έμφαση στο πρόσωπο του κήρυκα-ρήτορα. Ιδιαίτερη μνεία έγινε για τη θέση του Χρυσοστόμου όσον αφορά το πρόσωπο του Αποστόλου Παύλου και την ιδιωτεία στον λόγο του, ξεκινώντας μεν από την παράθεση απόψεως εκκλησιαστικών συγγραφέων για τη ρήση ιδιώτης τω λόγω καταλήγοντας δε στην αναλυτική έκθεση της απόψεως του Χρυσοστόμου για τη ρητορική δεινότητα του Αποστόλου Παύλου.
description: The goal of this study is to analyses the thoughts of John Chrysostomos on the rhetoric skills which priest should possess with the main source on the work of Chrysostomos “Sermon on the priesthood.” Firstly in this study rhetoric as such on its own was analyzed, it´s history and its first encounters with Christian writers. Later the focus was shifted to portray the role of priesthood and its service within the Church. Mainly it analyzes how Chrysostomos views the role of the rhetoric art in the pastoral work of the Church and the interaction between the preacher and the audience. He especially emphasizes the personality of the rhetoric preacher. Furthermore the standpoint of view of Saint Chrysostomos was underlined on the personality of Apostle Paul and his rhetoric, beginning with the a comparison of various ecclesiastical writers on the passage “I am unskilled in speech” and ending with an analytic elaboration about the views of Chrysostomos regarding the rhetoric skills of apostle Paul.
Contextual Response Interpretation for Automated Structured Interviews: A Case Study in Market Research
Creators: name: Sahijwani, Harshita
name: Dhole, Kaustubh
name: Purwar, Ankur
name: Vasudevan, Venugopal
name: Agichtein, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Structured interviews are used in many settings, importantly in market research on topics such as brand perception, customer habits, or preferences, which are critical to product development, marketing, and e-commerce at large. Such interviews generally consist of a series of questions that are asked to a participant. These interviews are typically conducted by skilled interviewers, who interpret the responses from the participants and can adapt the interview accordingly. Using automated conversational agents to conduct such interviews would enable reaching a much larger and potentially more diverse group of participants than currently possible. However, the technical challenges involved in building such a conversational system are relatively unexplored. To learn more about these challenges, we convert a market research multiple-choice questionnaire to a conversational format and conduct a user study. We address the key task of conducting structured interviews, namely interpreting the participant's response, for example, by matching it to one or more predefined options. Our findings can be applied to improve response interpretation for the information elicitation phase of conversational recommender systems.
description: ISIR 2023
Ο Πολυέλεος Λόγον Αγαθόν στα αγιορειτικα χειρόγραφα του 18ου και 19ου αιώνα
Creators: name: Χρόνης, Παναγιώτης Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Πολυέλεος
Λόγον Αγαθόν
Μπερεκέτης
Polyeleos
Logon agathon
Bereketis

description: Το πρόσωπο της Παναγίας είναι πολύ αγαπητό στον ορθόδοξο κόσμο καθώς είναι η μητέρα του Χριστού, το σκεύος της εκλογής του Θεού για να σώσει τον άνθρωπο από τη φθορά και την αμαρτία. Πολύ ύμνοι είναι αφιερωμένοι στο Άγιο όνομα της. Άλλοι γνωστοί και κάποιοι έτεροι λιγότερο διαδεδομένος, χρησιμοποιούνται στη λειτουργική πράξη της ορθόδοξη εκκλησίας. Στην παρούσα εργασία επιχειρείται η όσο το δυνατόν μεγαλύτερη μελέτη και έρευνα του Πολυέλεου λόγον αγαθόν που είναι αφιερωμένος στο όνομα της Θεοτόκου και χρησιμοποιείται στους Όρθρους των θεομητορικών εορτών. Ο χρονικό περιορισμός αλλά και ο τοπικός προσδιορισμός θεωρήθηκαν απαραίτητα ούτως ώστε η έρευνα να είναι όσο το δυνατόν πληρέστερη. Γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά λοιπόν στα 4 πρώτα κεφάλαια της εργασίας στα χειρόγραφα του Αγίου Όρους που φιλοξενούν τον συγκεκριμένο Πολυέλεο με καταλογογραφιση τους , όπως επίσης και παρουσίαση όλων των μελοποιών που ασχολήθηκαν με τη σύνθεση του προαναφερθέντος θεομητορικού Πολυέλεου. Στα κεφάλαια 5 και 6 επιχειρείται μια εκτενής μουσικολογική και ποιητική ανάλυση 2 επιλεγμένων μελοποιήσεων με σκοπό την ψηλάφηση του συνθετικού έργου δύο σημαντικών μελουργων του 18ου και 19ου αιώνα.
description: The face of the Virgin Mary is very dear to the Orthodox world as she is the mother of Christ, the vessel of God's election to save man from corruption and sin. Many hymns are dedicated to her Holy name. Some well-known and others less widespread, are used in the liturgical act of the Orthodox church. In this work, the greatest possible study and research of the Polyeleos word is attempted, which is dedicated to the name of the Virgin and is used in the Orthros of the Mother of God holidays. The time limitation as well as the local determination were considered necessary so that the research is as complete as possible. An extensive reference is therefore made to the first 4 chapters of the work on the manuscripts of Mount Athos that host the particular Polyeleum with their cataloging, as well as a presentation of all the composers who were involved in the composition of the above-mentioned theological Polyeleum. In chapters 5 and 6, an extensive musicological and poetic analysis of 2 selected compositions is attempted with the aim of palpating the compositional work of two important composers of the 18th and 19th centuries.
Targeting of histone acetylation to transcribed chromatin
Creators: name: Martin, Benjamin John Elwood
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The enrichment of histone acetylation within transcribed chromatin was first observed in the 1960s, and how specific histones are acetylated has been a central question of chromatin biology ever since. One mechanism for specificity is through the targeted recruitment of histone acetyltransferases (HATs) to transcribed chromatin, and we first focused on recruitment of the NuA3 HAT complex in S. cerevisiae. NuA3 is known to bind to cotranscriptional histone methylation through two domains: the PHD finger in Yng1 and the PWWP domain in Pdp3, which in vitro bind to H3K4 and H3K36 methylation, respectively. While the in vitro binding has been well characterized, the relative in vivo contributions of these histone methylation marks in targeting NuA3 is unknown. Here, through genome-wide colocalization and mutational interrogation, we demonstrate that the PHD finger of Yng1 and the PWWP domain of Pdp3 independently target NuA3 to H3K4 and H3K36 methylated chromatin, respectively. Interestingly however, the simple presence of NuA3 is insufficient to ensure the acetylation of associated nucleosomes, suggesting a secondary level of regulation that does not involve control of HAT-nucleosome interactions. Next we studied targeting of histone acetylation itself, focusing on the causality of the relationship between histone acetylation and RNAPII transcription. Through genome-wide analysis of mammalian cell culture and budding yeast, we reveal that the preponderance of histone acetylation is tightly linked with RNAPII occupancy, and, in S. cerevisiae, chemically or genetically altering RNAPII localization results in a corresponding change in histone acetylation. These findings show that histone acetylation is primarily targeted through RNAPII as a consequence of transcription. Importantly, several lines of evidence suggest that RNAPII does not promote acetylation by simple HAT targeting. First, we show that HAT occupancy is a poor predictor of histone acetylation. Second, NuA4 recruitment to upstream activation sequences of either Taf1 (TFIID) enriched or depleted promoters does not result in acetylation in the absence of transcription. Collectively, these data suggest that the activity of HATs is regulated post-recruitment by a mechanism that is dependent on RNAPII.
MonoTher-Depth: Enhancing Thermal Depth Estimation via Confidence-Aware Distillation
Creators: name: Zuo, Xingxing
name: Ranganathan, Nikhil
name: Lee, Connor
name: Gkioxari, Georgia
name: Chung, Soon-Jo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Monocular depth estimation (MDE) from thermal images is a crucial technology for robotic systems operating in challenging conditions such as fog, smoke, and low light. The limited availability of labeled thermal data constrains the generalization capabilities of thermal MDE models compared to foundational RGB MDE models, which benefit from datasets of millions of images across diverse scenarios. To address this challenge, we introduce a novel pipeline that enhances thermal MDE through knowledge distillation from a versatile RGB MDE model. Our approach features a confidence-aware distillation method that utilizes the predicted confidence of the RGB MDE to selectively strengthen the thermal MDE model, capitalizing on the strengths of the RGB model while mitigating its weaknesses. Our method significantly improves the accuracy of the thermal MDE, independent of the availability of labeled depth supervision, and greatly expands its applicability to new scenarios. In our experiments on new scenarios without labeled depth, the proposed confidence-aware distillation method reduces the absolute relative error of thermal MDE by 22.88\% compared to the baseline without distillation.
description: 8 Pages; The code will be available at https://github.com/ZuoJiaxing/monother_depth
Αντιστάθμιση Κινδύνου στην Αγορά Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας
Creators: name: Δημπία, Αναστασία Ραφαηλία Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Αντιστάθμιση κινδύνου
Ηλεκτρική Ενέργεια
Τιμές
Hedging
Electricity
Prices

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία στοχεύει στην πλήρη κατανόηση των λειτουργιών της αγοράς ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας, των κινδύνων που επικρατούν σε αυτή καθώς και των μεθόδων αντιστάθμισής τους, σε Ευρωπαϊκό και σε εγχώριο επίπεδο. Αρχικά, παρατίθεται η ιστορική εξέλιξη της αγοράς ηλεκτρισμού από το μονοπώλιο στον πλήρη ανταγωνισμό. Ακόμα, αναλύεται το περιεχόμενο της αγοράς σε Ευρωπαϊκό εύρος, που αφορά τις εξελίξεις των τιμών στο χονδρικό και στο λιανικό εμπόριο. Στη συνέχεια, πραγματοποιείτε εμβάθυνση στο μοντέλο που πρεσβεύει η Ελληνική αγορά ηλεκτρισμού και του περιεχόμενου της. Ακολουθεί ένα από τα σημαντικότερα κεφάλαια, αυτό της καταγραφής, επισήμανσης και μέτρησης των κινδύνων που παραμονεύουν καθώς και της διάκρισης και διαχείρισής τους. Τέλος, το κύριο κεφάλαιο της διπλωματικής είναι αυτό της αντιστάθμισης κινδύνων με την χρήση παράγωγων χρηματοοικονομικών προϊόντων και της στατιστικής ανάλυσης με χρήση πραγματικών δεδομένων τιμών ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας.
description: This thesis aims to fully understand the functions of electricity, the risks prevailing in it as well as their compensation methods, at European and domestic level. First, the historical evolution of the electricity market from monopoly to full competition is listed. Moreover, the content of the market is analyzed on a European scale, which concerns wholesale and retail prices. In addition, the analysis of the model represented by the Greek electricity market and its content is presented. This is followed by one of the most important chapters, that of recording, labeling and measuring the risks that lurk as well as their discrimination and management. Finally, the main chapter of this study is that of hedging using financial product factors and statistical analysis using real electricity price data.
0/1-Polytopes related to Latin squares autotopisms
Creators: name: Falcón, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B15, 20N05, 52B15

description: The set LS(n) of Latin squares of order $n$ can be represented in $\mathbb{R}^{n^3}$ as a $(n-1)^3$-dimensional 0/1-polytope. Given an autotopism $Θ=(α,β,γ)\in\mathfrak{A}_n$, we study in this paper the 0/1-polytope related to the subset of LS(n) having $Θ$ in their autotopism group. Specifically, we prove that this polyhedral structure is generated by a polytope in $\mathbb{R}^{((\mathbf{n}_α-\mathbf{l}_α^1)\cdot n^2 + \mathbf{l}_α^1\cdot \mathbf{n}_β\cdot n)-(\mathbf{l}_α^1\cdot \mathbf{l}_β^1\cdot (n -\mathbf{l}_γ^1) + \mathbf{l}_α^1\cdot \mathbf{l}_γ^1\cdot (\mathbf{n}_β -\mathbf{l}_β^1) + \mathbf{l}_β^1\cdot \mathbf{l}_γ^1\cdot (\mathbf{n}_α -\mathbf{l}_α^1))}$, where $\mathbf{n}_α$ and $\mathbf{n}_β$ are the number of cycles of $α$ and $β$, respectively, and $\mathbf{l}_δ^1$ is the number of fixed points of $δ$, for all $δ\in \{α,β,γ\}$. Moreover, we study the dimension of these two polytopes for Latin squares of order up to 9.
description: 8 pages, 2 tables
Ordering in spatial evolutionary games for pairwise collective strategy updates
Creators: name: Szabo, Gyorgy
name: Szolnoki, Attila
name: Varga, Melinda
name: Hanusovszky, Livia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolutionary $2 \times 2$ games are studied with players located on a square lattice. During the evolution the randomly chosen neighboring players try to maximize their collective income by adopting a random strategy pair with a probability dependent on the difference of their summed payoffs between the final and initial state assuming quenched strategies in their neighborhood. In the case of the anti-coordination game this system behaves alike an anti-ferromagnetic kinetic Ising model. Within a wide region of social dilemmas this dynamical rule supports the formation of similar spatial arrangement of the cooperators and defectors ensuring the optimum total payoff if the temptation to choose defection exceeds a threshold value dependent on the sucker's payoff. The comparison of the results with those achieved for pairwise imitation and myopic strategy updates has indicated the relevant advantage of pairwise collective strategy update in the maintenance of cooperation.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review E
title: Die Messung von Mental Workload und Situation Awareness während des Erlernens einer komplexen Prozesskontrolltätigkeit im Rahmen einer Eyetracker-Untersuchung
Creators: name: Greve, Joseph
name: Kluge, Annette
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2013

description: Das Erlernen und Ausführen einer Prozesskontrolltätigkeit stellt hohe mentale Anforderungen an Operateure/innen. Diese kognitive Belastung, der sog. Mental Workload (MWL), reduziert sich mit fortschreitender Übung, indem neue Schemata sowie kognitive Skripte erworben, prozeduralisiert und automatisiert werden. Primäres Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Erfassung des MWL auf Basis des Pupillendurchmessers (Pupillometrie) mit Hilfe eines Eyetrackers in einem komplexen und dynamischen Arbeitskontext. Darüber hinaus sollte das Situationsbewusstsein (SA) unter Verwendung der Fixationshäufigkeit auf eine Informationsanzeige operationalisiert werden. In der Studie wurde die Simulationsumgebung AWAsim eingesetzt, welche ein vereinfachtes Abbild einer Abwasseraufbereitungsanlage darstellt. 11 ProbandInnen (Pbn) erlernten in acht Übungsdurchläufen eine 11-schrittige Anfahrprozedur zur Steuerung von AWAsim. Während des Trainings hat ein Eyetracker sowohl die Blickbewegungen als auch den Pupillendurchmesser der Pbn aufgezeichnet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Verfahren in der Lage ist, den höheren MWL bei Durchführung der Prozedur ohne Handbuch im Vergleich zur Durchführung mit Handbuch zu diskriminieren. Darüber hinaus weist eine mittelstarke Korrelation zwischen der Fixationshäufigkeit auf eine Informationsanzeige und der Leistung in einer Monitoring-Aufgabe darauf hin, dass mit Hilfe eines Eyetrackers auf Grundlage der Fixationshäufigkeit das Konstrukt SA operationalisiert werden kann. Auf Grundlage der Pupillometrie und Blickbewegungserfassung ergeben sich zahlreiche praktische Anwendungen, wie z.B. die Optimierung von User-Interfaces sowie die Entwicklung adaptiver Mensch-Maschine-Systeme, die den Grad der Automation steigern, wenn bei dem/der Operateur/in ein erhöhter MWL festgestellt wird. Ferner könnte die Methode im Rahmen der Trainingsgestaltung und –evaluation eingesetzt werden und hierbei vorallem im Debriefing Aufschluss über Fehlerquellen infolge von Überforderung oder Nicht-Beachtung relevanter Informationen geben.
Smooth values of some quadratic polynomials
Creators: name: Najman, Filip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, using a method of Luca and the author, we find all values $x$ such that the quadratic polynomials $x^2+1,$ $x^2+4,$ $x^2+2$ and $x^2-2$ are 200-smooth and all values $x$ such that the quadratic polynomial $x^2-4$ is 100-smooth.
description: 12 pages, to appear in Glas. Mat. Ser. III
Semiclassical theory of ballistic transport through chaotic cavities with spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Bolte, J.
name: Waltner, Daniel
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigate the influence of spin-orbit interaction on ballistic transport through chaotic cavities by using semiclassical methods. Our approach is based on the Landauer formalism [IBM J. Res. Dev. {\bf 1}, 223 (1957); {\bf 32}, 306 (1988)] and the Fisher-Lee relations [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 23}, 6851 (1981)], appropriately generalized to spin-orbit interaction, and a semiclassical representation of Green�s functions. We calculate conductance coefficients by exploiting ergodicity and mixing of suitably combined classical spin-orbit dynamics, and making use of the Sieber-Richter method [Phys. Scr., {\bf T90}, 128 (2001); Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 89}, 206801 (2002)] and its most recent extensions. That way, we obtain weak antilocalization and confirm previous results obtained in the symplectic ensemble of random matrix theory.
Quantum Internet: The Future of Internetworking
Creators: name: Abelem, Antonio
name: Towsley, Don
name: Vardoyan, Gayane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum information, computation and communication, will have a great impact on our world. One important subfield will be quantum networking and the quantum Internet. The purpose of a quantum Internet is to enable applications that are fundamentally out of reach for the classical Internet. Quantum networks enable new capabilities to communication systems. This allows the parties to generate long distance quantum entanglement, which serves a number of tasks including the generation of multiparty shared secrets whose security relies only on the laws of physics, distributed quantum computing, improved sensing, quantum computing on encrypted data, and secure private-bid auctions. However, quantum signals are fragile, and, in general, cannot be copied or amplified. In order to enable widespread use and application development, it is essential to develop methods that allow quantum protocols to connect to the underlying hardware implementation transparently and to make fast and reactive decisions for generating entanglement in the network to mitigate limited qubit lifetimes. Architectures for large-scale quantum internetworking are in development, paralleling theoretical and experimental work on physical layers and low-level error management and connection technologies. This chapter aims to present the main concepts, challenges, and opportunities for research in quantum information, quantum computing and quantum networking.
description: Shortcourse presented in the XXXVIII Brazilian Symposium on Computer Networks and Distributed Systems (SBRC 2020). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1912.06642, arXiv:1810.08421, arXiv:quant-ph/0607065, arXiv:1610.05238 by other authors
Stiffness of Contacts Between Rough Surfaces
Creators: name: Akarapu, Sreekanth
name: Sharp, Tristan
name: Robbins, Mark O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of self-affine roughness on solid contact is examined with molecular dynamics and continuum calculations. The contact area and normal and lateral stiffnesses rise linearly with the applied load, and the load rises exponentially with decreasing separation between surfaces. Results for a wide range of roughnesses, system sizes and Poisson ratios can be collapsed using Persson's contact theory for continuous elastic media. The atomic scale response at the interface between solids has little affect on the area or normal stiffness, but can greatly reduce the lateral stiffness. The scaling of this effect with system size and roughness is discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Edge-channel interference controlled by Landau level filling
Creators: name: Litvin, Leonid
name: Helzel, Andreas
name: Tranitz, H.-P.
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Strunk, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Landau levels, Mach-Zehnder interferometers, quantum Hall effect
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 73.23.Ad
subject: 73.63.Nm
subject: 71.10.Pm

description: We study the visibility of Aharonov-Bohm interference in an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer in the integer quantum Hall regime. The visibility is controlled by the filling factor nu and is observed only between nu[approximate]2.0 and 1.0, with an unexpected maximum near nu=1.5. Three energy scales extracted from the temperature and voltage dependences of the visibility change in a very similar way with the filling factor, indicating that the different aspects of the interference depend sensitively on the local structure of the compressible and incompressible strips forming the quantum Hall edge channels.
Low Density Limit of BCS Theory and Bose-Einstein Condensation of Fermion Pairs
Creators: name: Hainzl, Christian
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the low density limit of a Fermi gas in the BCS approximation. We show that if the interaction potential allows for a two-particle bound state, the system at zero temperature is well approximated by the Gross-Pitaevskii functional, describing a Bose-Einstein condensate of fermion pairs.
description: LaTeX2e, 17 pages
Multiwavelength Study of Chandra X-Ray Sources in the Antennae
Creators: name: Clark, D. M.
name: Eikenberry, S. S.
name: Brandl, B. R.
name: Wilson, J. C.
name: Carson, J. C.
name: Henderson, C. P.
name: Hayward, T. L.
name: Barry, D. J.
name: Ptak, A. F.
name: Colbert, E. J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use WIRC, IR images of the Antennae (NGC 4038/4039) together with the extensive catalogue of 120 X-ray point sources (Zezas et al. 2006) to search for counterpart candidates. Using our proven frame-tie technique, we find 38 X-ray sources with IR counterparts, almost doubling the number of IR counterparts to X-ray sources first identified in Clark et al. (2007). In our photometric analysis, we consider the 35 IR counterparts that are confirmed star clusters. We show that the clusters with X-ray sources tend to be brighter, K_s ~16 mag, with (J-K_s) = 1.1 mag. We then use archival HST images of the Antennae to search for optical counterparts to the X-ray point sources. We employ our previous IR-to-X-ray frame-tie as an intermediary to establish a precise optical-to-X-ray frame-tie with <0.6 arcsec rms positional uncertainty. Due to the high optical source density near the X-ray sources, we determine that we cannot reliably identify counterparts. Comparing the HST positions to the 35 identified IR star cluster counterparts, we find optical matches for 27 of these sources. Using Bruzual-Charlot spectral evolutionary models, we find that most clusters associated with an X-ray source are massive, ~10^6 M_sun, young, ~10^6 yr, with moderate metallicities, Z=0.05.
description: 9 page, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Recruitment, phenotype and function of tumour-infiltrating regulatory T cells in the lung microenvironment
Creators: name: Halvorsen, Elizabeth Christene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Despite the crucial role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the regulation of immunity toward innocuous antigens, these cells may contribute to the growth and metastasis of a variety of malignancies, either directly by production of cell growth and angiogenic factors, or indirectly by suppression of anti-tumour immunity. Tregs may support the development of both primary and metastatic tumours; however, the therapeutic inhibition of these cells is complicated by the presence of tissue-specific phenotypes and functions, which require further characterization based on the type of cancer and local microenvironment. We have observed that Treg accumulation in primary and metastatic tumours in the lung microenvironment is significantly increased in a clinical and pre-clinical setting, respectively. Therefore, in this thesis we hypothesize that Tregs promote tumour growth in the lungs. To explore this hypothesis, we examine the phenotype and function of tumour-infiltrating Tregs and inhibit their homing to observe the impact on tumour growth. Herein, we report that Tregs isolated from mice bearing metastatic tumours are functionally immune suppressive and enriched for expression of the homing receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5). Inhibition of Tregs with the CCR5 antagonist, Maraviroc, reduced CCR5⁺ Treg accumulation and tumour burden in the lungs. We identify that Tregs accumulate during early stage disease in lung cancer patients, and show that oncogene-induced chemokine production promotes Treg migration. Further, we identify that oncogene-induced Treg migration is significantly reduced by antibody-mediated neutralization of the CCR5 ligand, CCL5 ex vivo. Finally, we report that a subset of Tregs expressing the interleukin 1 family receptor, ST2, may directly promote tumour progression by production of the growth factor amphiregulin (AREG) in response to the cognate ligand, IL-33 in the lung microenvironment. Taken together, these results provide evidence that Tregs are important contributors to tumour development in the lung microenvironment and identify signaling axes required for their recruitment and function. Our findings highlight the viability of homing inhibitors as an alternative mechanism to systemically ablating Tregs for the treatment of lung metastases.
Mitochondrial DNA analyses revealed low genetic diversity in the endangered Indian wild ass Equus hemionus khur
Creators: name: Khaire, Devendra
name: Atkulwar, Ashwin
name: Farah, Sameera
name: Baig, Mumtaz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The Indian wild ass Equus hemionus khur, belonging to ass-like equid branch, inhabits the dry and arid desert of the Little Rann of Kutch, Gujarat. The E. h. khur is the sole survivor of Asiatic wild ass species/subspecies in South Asia. To provide first ever insights into the genetic diversity, phylogeny, and demography of the endangered Indian wild ass, we sampled 52 free-ranging individuals from the Little Rann of Kutch by using a non-invasive methodology. The sequencing of 230 bp in cytochrome b (Cyt b) and displacement loop (D-loop) region revealed that current ∼4000 extant population of Indian wild ass harbours low genetic diversity. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that E. h. khur, E. h. onager, and E. h. kulan belong to a single strict monophyletic clade. Therefore, we suggest the delimitation of the five E. hemionus subspecies in vogue to a single species E. hemionus. The application of molecular clock confirmed that the Asiatic wild ass had undergone diversification 0.65 Million years ago. Demographic measurements assessed using a Bayesian skyline plot demonstrated decline in the maternal effective population size of the Indian wild ass during different periods; these periods coincided with the origin and rise of the Indus civilization in the northwest of the Indian subcontinent during the Neolithic. In conclusion, maintaining high genetic diversity in the existing isolated population of 4000 Indian wild asses inhabiting the wild ass sanctuary is important compared with subspecies preservation alone.
The Banana Project. III. Spin-orbit Alignment in the Long-period Eclipsing Binary NY Cephei
Creators: name: Albrecht, Simon
name: Winn, Joshua
name: Carter, Joshua
name: Snellen, Ignas
name: de Mooij, Ernst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binaries are not always neatly aligned. Previous observations of the DI Her system showed that the spin axes of both stars are highly inclined with respect to one another and the orbital axis. Here we report on a measurement of the spin-axis orientation of the primary star of the NY Cep system, which is similar to DI Her in many respects: it features two young early-type stars (~6 Myr, B0.5V+B2V), in an eccentric and relatively long-period orbit (e=0.48, P=15.d3). The sky projections of the rotation vector and the spin vector are well-aligned (beta_p = 2 +- 4 degrees), in strong contrast to DI Her. Although no convincing explanation has yet been given for the misalignment of DI Her, our results show that the phenomenon is not universal, and that a successful theory will need to account for the different outcome in the case of NY Cep.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Characterising Complexity in Solar Magnetogram Data using a Wavelet-based Segmentation Method
Creators: name: Kestener, Pierre
name: Conlon, Paul A.
name: Khalil, Andre
name: Fennell, Linda
name: McAteer, R. T. James
name: Gallagher, Peter T.
name: Arneodo, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multifractal nature of solar photospheric magnetic structures are studied using the 2D wavelet transform modulus maxima (WTMM) method. This relies on computing partition functions from the wavelet transform skeleton defined by the WTMM method. This skeleton provides an adaptive space-scale partition of the fractal distribution under study, from which one can extract the multifractal singularity spectrum. We describe the implementation of a multiscale image processing segmentation procedure based on the partitioning of the WT skeleton which allows the disentangling of the information concerning the multifractal properties of active regions from the surrounding quiet-Sun field. The quiet Sun exhibits a average Hölder exponent $\sim -0.75$, with observed multifractal properties due to the supergranular structure. On the other hand, active region multifractal spectra exhibit an average Hölder exponent $\sim 0.38$ similar to those found when studying experimental data from turbulent flows.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Excitonic modes and phonons in biological molecules
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: There are two kinds of environmental modes in open quantum systems: the delocalized modes which can typically be modeled by "oscillator bath" models and the localized modes which can be mapped to "spin bath" modes. To understand the quantum phenomena in photosynthetic energy transfer, we at first conduct thorough studies of the proper modeling of light harvesting molecules as well as their interactions with the central system. These modes can couple to the system by either modulating the on-site energy (Holstein coupling) or modulating the hopping amplitude (Peierls coupling). Only the Holstein couplings of delocalized modes have been extensively studied. The importance of other types of couplings is rarely discussed in the literature. For the spin bath, we study a particle hopping around a general lattice, coupled to a spin bath. Analytical results are found for the dynamics of the influence functional and for the reduced density matrix of the particle in various parameter regimes. Spin baths behave qualitatively differently from oscillator baths and dissipation and decoherence happen independently in different parameter regimes. For the Peierls couplings, we start with a dimer model for light harvesting molecules, which contains a reaction center and both types of phonon couplings. We find that the effect of Peierls type coupling on the transfer rate can be significant even when it is not noticeable in the spectrum. Our study suggests that Peierls couplings cannot be easily neglected in light harvesting molecules in which the energy difference between the sites is usually much larger than the hopping amplitude. We apply our method to a real light harvesting model. Although we do not have much detailed information of the Peierls couplings in vivo, we find that vibrational phonons can affect the path-selecting of the central particles as well as increasing the transfer rate.
Procedural Content Generation via Knowledge Transformation (PCG-KT)
Creators: name: Sarkar, Anurag
name: Guzdial, Matthew
name: Snodgrass, Sam
name: Summerville, Adam
name: Machado, Tiago
name: Smith, Gillian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the concept of Procedural Content Generation via Knowledge Transformation (PCG-KT), a new lens and framework for characterizing PCG methods and approaches in which content generation is enabled by the process of knowledge transformation -- transforming knowledge derived from one domain in order to apply it in another. Our work is motivated by a substantial number of recent PCG works that focus on generating novel content via repurposing derived knowledge. Such works have involved, for example, performing transfer learning on models trained on one game's content to adapt to another game's content, as well as recombining different generative distributions to blend the content of two or more games. Such approaches arose in part due to limitations in PCG via Machine Learning (PCGML) such as producing generative models for games lacking training data and generating content for entirely new games. In this paper, we categorize such approaches under this new lens of PCG-KT by offering a definition and framework for describing such methods and surveying existing works using this framework. Finally, we conclude by highlighting open problems and directions for future research in this area.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
SDSS, LSST, and Gaia: Lessons and Synergies
Creators: name: Juric, Mario
name: Ivezic, Zeljko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advent of deep, wide, accurate, digital photometric surveys exemplified by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) has had a profound impact on studies of the Milky Way. In the past decade, we have transitioned from a scarcity to an (over)abundance of precise, well calibrated, observations of stars over a large fraction of the Galaxy. The avalanche of data will continue throughout this decade, culminating with Gaia and LSST. This new reality will necessitate changes in methodology, habits, and expectations both on the side of the large survey projects as well as the astrophysics community at large. We argue, based on the experience with SDSS, that surveys should release data as early and often as possible incorporating incremental improvements in each subsequent release, as opposed to holding off for a single, big, final release. The scientific community will need to reciprocate by performing analyses and (re-analyses) appropriate to the current fidelity of the released data, understanding that these are continually evolving and improving products.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, ELSA2001 Gaia: At the Frontiers of Astrometry conference
PRSeg: A Lightweight Patch Rotate MLP Decoder for Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Ma, Yizhe
name: Lin, Fangjian
name: Wu, Sitong
name: Tian, Shengwei
name: Yu, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The lightweight MLP-based decoder has become increasingly promising for semantic segmentation. However, the channel-wise MLP cannot expand the receptive fields, lacking the context modeling capacity, which is critical to semantic segmentation. In this paper, we propose a parametric-free patch rotate operation to reorganize the pixels spatially. It first divides the feature map into multiple groups and then rotates the patches within each group. Based on the proposed patch rotate operation, we design a novel segmentation network, named PRSeg, which includes an off-the-shelf backbone and a lightweight Patch Rotate MLP decoder containing multiple Dynamic Patch Rotate Blocks (DPR-Blocks). In each DPR-Block, the fully connected layer is performed following a Patch Rotate Module (PRM) to exchange spatial information between pixels. Specifically, in PRM, the feature map is first split into the reserved part and rotated part along the channel dimension according to the predicted probability of the Dynamic Channel Selection Module (DCSM), and our proposed patch rotate operation is only performed on the rotated part. Extensive experiments on ADE20K, Cityscapes and COCO-Stuff 10K datasets prove the effectiveness of our approach. We expect that our PRSeg can promote the development of MLP-based decoder in semantic segmentation.
description: Accepted by IEEE TCSVT
Using multiscale norms to quantify mixing and transport
Creators: name: Thiffeault, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixing is relevant to many areas of science and engineering, including the pharmaceutical and food industries, oceanography, atmospheric sciences, and civil engineering. In all these situations one goal is to quantify and often then to improve the degree of homogenisation of a substance being stirred, referred to as a passive scalar or tracer. A classical measure of mixing is the variance of the concentration of the scalar, which can be related to the $L^2$ norm of the concentration field. Recently other norms have been used to quantify mixing, in particular the mix-norm as well as negative Sobolev norms. These norms have the advantage that unlike variance they decay even in the absence of diffusion, and their decay corresponds to the flow being mixing in the sense of ergodic theory. General Sobolev norms weigh scalar gradients differently, and are known as multiscale norms for mixing. We review the applications of such norms to mixing and transport, and show how they can be used to optimise the stirring and mixing of a decaying passive scalar. We then review recent work on the less-studied case of a continuously-replenished scalar field --- the source-sink problem. In that case the flows that optimally reduce the norms are associated with transport rather than mixing: they push sources onto sinks, and vice versa.
description: 52 pages, 27 figures. PDFLaTeX with IOP style (included)
Analysis of mitochondrial genetic diversity of Ustilago maydis in Mexico
Creators: name: Jiménez-Becerril, María F.
name: Hernández-Delgado, Sanjuana
name: Solís-Oba, Myrna
name: Prieto, Juan M. González
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The current understanding of the genetic diversity of the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago maydis is limited. To determine the genetic diversity and structure of U. maydis, 48 fungal isolates were analyzed using mitochondrial simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Tumours (corn smut or ‘huitlacoche’) were collected from different Mexican states with diverse environmental conditions. Using bioinformatic tools, five microsatellites were identified within intergenic regions of the U. maydis mitochondrial genome. SSRMUM4 was the most polymorphic marker. The most common repeats were hexanucleotides. A total of 12 allelic variants were identified, with a mean of 2.4 alleles per locus. An estimate of the genetic diversity using analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that the highest variance component is within states (84%), with moderate genetic differentiation between states (16%) (FST = 0.158). A dendrogram generated using the unweighted paired-grouping method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) and the Bayesian analysis of population structure grouped the U. maydis isolates into two subgroups (K = 2) based on their shared SSRs.
X-ray Variability and Evidence for Pulsations from the Unique Radio Pulsar/X-ray Binary Transition Object FIRST J102347.6+003841
Creators: name: Archibald, Anne M.
name: Kaspi, Victoria M.
name: Bogdanov, Slavko
name: Hessels, Jason W. T.
name: Stairs, Ingrid H.
name: Ransom, Scott M.
name: McLaughlin, Maura A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on observations of the unusual neutron-star binary system FIRST J102347.6+003841 carried out using the XMM-Newton satellite. This system consists of a radio millisecond pulsar in an 0.198-day orbit with a ~0.2 solar-mass Roche-lobe-filling companion, and appears to have had an accretion disk in 2001. We observe a hard power-law spectrum (Γ= 1.26(4)) with a possible thermal component, and orbital variability in X-ray flux and possibly hardness of the X-rays. We also detect probable pulsations at the pulsar period (single-trial significance ~4.5 sigma from an 11(2)% modulation), which would make this the first system in which both orbital and rotational X-ray pulsations are detected. We interpret the emission as a combination of X-rays from the pulsar itself and from a shock where material overflowing the companion meets the pulsar wind. The similarity of this X-ray emission to that seen from other millisecond pulsar binary systems, in particular 47 Tuc W (PSR J0024-7204W) and PSR J1740-5340, suggests that they may also undergo disk episodes similar to that seen in J1023 in 2001.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; accepted to ApJ