Bembidion vulcanix Sproul & Maddison, 2018, SP. NOV.
Creators: name: Sproul, John S.
name: Maddison, David R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Bembidion
Bembidion vulcanix

description: BEMBIDION VULCANIX SP. NOV.
(FIGS 2C, 9E, F, 10F, 11F, 16A)
Holotype male (in OSAC) here designated, labelled: ‘ USA: Oregon: Deschutes Co., Stream east of Todd Lake, 1952 m, 44.0282°N 121.6709°W, 24.v.2015. JSS.2015.030-1 [‘-1’ handwritten]. J.S., E.C., G.S., & P.E. Sproul’ [white paper], ‘David R. Maddison DNA4615 DNA Voucher’ [pale green paper], ‘ HOLOTYPE Bembidion vulcanix Sproul + Maddison 2017 ’ [partly handwritten, red paper], ‘ Oregon State Arthropod Collection OSAC_ 0002000001 [matrix code]’ [printed on both sides of white paper]. Genitalia mounted in Euparal on small card labelled ‘DNA4615’ beneath the specimen; extracted DNA stored separately. GenBank accession numbers for DNA sequences of the holotype are: KY950767 (28S), KY950895 (CAD), KY 951025 (COI), KY 951155 (MSP), KY951282 (Topo).
Type locality: USA: Oregon: Deschutes Co., Deschutes National Forest, stream east of Todd Lake, 1952 m, 44.0282°N 121.6709°W.
Paratypes: Seventy-two paratypes from the following localities, with specimens deposited in BMNH, CAS, CSCA, EMEC, MNHN and USNM: USA: Oregon: Deschutes Co., stream east of Todd Lake, 1952 m, 44.0282°N 121.6709°W (57); USA: Oregon: Deschutes Co., Creek below Little Three Creek Lake, 2018 m, 44.1057°N 121.6347°W (6); USA: Oregon: Deschutes Co., NE Todd Lake, Deschutes NF road 370, 2067 m, 44.038°N 121.6718°W (1); USA: Oregon: Deschutes Co., E Todd Lake, Deschutes NF road 370, 1976 m, 44.0306°N 121.6683°W (1); USA: Oregon: Hood River Co., Mt. Hood, Hood River Meadow Ski Area, 5300 ft. (2); USA: Washington: Whatcom Co., Bagley Lakes, Mt Baker, Snoqualmie NF, 1326 m, 48.8528°N 121.6886°W (1); USA: Washington: Whatcom Co., Bagley Lakes, Mt Baker, Snoqualmie NF, 1290 m, 48.8534°N 121.6948°W (1); USA: Washington: Pierce Co., Mt. Rainier, Tipsoo Lake (1); USA: Washington: Pierce Co., Mt. Rainier, Yakima Park (1); Canada: British Columbia: Garibaldi Provincial Park, S. slope Black Tusk (1).
Derivation of specific epithet: Informally derived by combining the two Latin words Vulcanis, the blacksmith god of fire and volcanoes from Roman mythology, and nix, meaning snow. The name references snow-covered volcanoes of the Cascade Range where this species can be commonly found at high elevation.
Diagnosis: This convex species is recognized by a broad pronotum basally, elongate elytra and distinctive male genitalia. Forebody and hindbody dark brown in some specimens aeneous. Pronotum very broad basally; hind angles near 90°; lateral explanation broad; laterobasal carina fairly weak due to shallow adjacent basal fovea, but may extend far anteriorly nearly parallel to lateral margin of pronotum (Fig. 11F). Elytra long relative to length of pronotum and somewhat bullet-shaped in that they are parallel-sided, and tapering toward apex (although not readily obvious in Fig. 2C); dorsal punctures weakly foveate; striae often pronounced (Fig. 2C). Microsculpture strongly etched in females and moderately etched in males. Aedeagus is strongly curved, with an elongate taper towards the narrow apex; sclerite ‘St’ in apical half, large and arcuate; flagellum long and sinuate (Figs 9E, F, 10F).
Comparison with similar species: Most easily confused with B. saturatum and B. geopearlis. It is separated from both by having an expanded, arcuate sclerite ‘St’ in the apical half (which is absent in the former, and not as expanded, arcuate, or apically positioned in the latter), and by its northwestern distribution (Fig. 16). May also be confused with B. breve from which it is distinguished by its generally larger body size, more parallel-sided elytra, weakly foveate dorsal punctures, and longer, more sinuate shape of the flagellum and large of sclerite ‘St’ in the male genitalia.
Habitat: Along the shorelines of subalpine small creeks or lakes.
Geographic distribution: From southwestern British Columbia and the Olympic Peninsula in Washington, south along the Cascades of Washington and Oregon to the Trinity Alps in northwestern California (Fig. 16A).
description: Published as part of Sproul, John S. & Maddison, David R., 2018, Cryptic species in the mountaintops: species delimitation and taxonomy of the Bembidion breve species group (Coleoptera: Carabidae) aided by genomic architecture of a century-old type specimen, pp. 556-583 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 183 on page 579