cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Doreen's Wartime Service: Conscripted into the WRAF
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Doreen served as a WRAF for four years. She was a shorthand typist at RAF Northwood, Middlesex. She worked for two officers- Squadron Leader Eustace and Wing Commander Brown, mainly typing out details of various RAF aircraft, Wellingtons, Spitfires, and Mosquitos. She was sent to work twice at two further stations in Cornwall, one of which was at Lizard Point. Doreen was conscripted to the service in 1943, aged twenty, after receiving a letter telling her to report to North Acton Recruiting Hall. 'I didn't want to go but you had to go if you were called up. It wasn't a surprise, everyone of that age was being called'. She was given the choice of joining either the ATS or RAF. Two weeks later, she had to begin her service. She doesn't recall receiving any RAF training, but was put straight to work on joining up. Doreen had already acquired shorthand qualifications at a private school opposite Chalkwell Park, near Southend. Later, she had worked for an insurance company, counting contribution cards. Born a Cockney in a turning off Leman Street, London E1, she and her mother had lived for periods on Canvey Island and in Torquay, close to an aunt and uncle, after her father died. Northwood was not far from her mother's wartime home in Fulham, allowing her to live on the site during the week and return home at weekends, via a train to Baker Street and then the Underground to complete the journey.At the base, the accommodation was in dormitories. Doreen remembers mattresses that had to be stacked one on top of each other in the mornings. Food for the WRAFs was 'Just about alright' with a heavy reliance on potatoes and dried egg. Doreen made friends among her comrades. Some of these relationships endured after the war. She kept in touch with her best friend Joyce from Billericay, until Joyce died recently aged 92. Doreen remembers an occasion when a group of friends decided to go swimming together at Ruislip Lido. A little way from the shore was a large raft. 'I'm not a very good swimmer’, Doreen said, 'but I thought I'd try to get there'. She reached the raft breathless and floundering, unable to return. Luckily 'someone hauled me up and dragged me back to the shore'. There was a good atmosphere among the girls. Doreen says, 'Things were different during the War, people were friendly with each other'. Back at home, bombing was a danger. In Fulham, her home had a park nearby. Two bombs fell there, smashing their windows. Their house was in a terrace with insufficient space to accommodate an Anderson shelter, so the family used to climb under the table when there was a raid.
Synthetically encoded ultrashort-channel nanowire transistors for fast, pointlike cellular signal detection.
Creators: name: Itzhaq Cohen-Karni
name: Casanova, Didier
name: Cahoon, James F.
name: Qing, Quan
name: Bell, David C.
name: Lieber, Charles M.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Nanostructures, which have sizes comparable to biological functional units involved in cellular communication, offer the potential for enhanced sensitivity and spatial resolution compared to planar metal and semiconductor structures. Silicon nanowire (SiNW) field-effect transistors (FETs) have been used as a platform for biomolecular sensors, which maintain excellent signal-to-noise ratios while operating on lengths scales that enable efficient extra- and intracellular integration with living cells. Although the NWs are tens of nanometers in diameter, the active region of the NW FET devices typically spans micrometers, limiting both the length and time scales of detection achievable with these nanodevices. Here, we report a new synthetic method that combines gold-nanocluster-catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) and vapor-solid-solid (VSS) NW growth modes to produce synthetically encoded NW devices with ultrasharp (<5 >nm) n-type highly doped (n(++)) to lightly doped (n) transitions along the NW growth direction, where n(++) regions serve as source/drain (S/D) electrodes and the n-region functions as an active FET channel. Using this method, we synthesized short-channel n(++)/n/n(++) SiNW FET devices with independently controllable diameters and channel lengths. SiNW devices with channel lengths of 50, 80, and 150 nm interfaced with spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes exhibited well-defined extracellular field potential signals with signal-to-noise values of ca. 4 independent of device size. Significantly, these "pointlike" devices yield peak widths of ∼500 μs, which is comparable to the reported time constant for individual sodium ion channels. Multiple FET devices with device separations smaller than 2 μm were also encoded on single SiNWs, thus enabling multiplexed recording from single cells and cell networks with device-to-device time resolution on the order of a few microseconds. These short-channel SiNW FET devices provide a new opportunity to create nanoscale biomolecular sensors that operate on the length and time scales previously inaccessible by other techniques but necessary to investigate fundamental, subcellular biological processes.
Modeling motor control in continuous-time Active Inference: a survey
Creators: name: Priorelli, Matteo
name: Maggiore, Federico
name: Maselli, Antonella
name: Donnarumma, Francesco
name: Maisto, Domenico
name: Mannella, Francesco
name: Stoianov, Ivilin Peev
name: Pezzulo, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The way the brain selects and controls actions is still widely debated. Mainstream approaches based on Optimal Control focus on stimulus-response mappings that optimize cost functions. Ideomotor theory and cybernetics propose a different perspective: they suggest that actions are selected and controlled by activating action effects and by continuously matching internal predictions with sensations. Active Inference offers a modern formulation of these ideas, in terms of inferential mechanisms and prediction-error-based control, which can be linked to neural mechanisms of living organisms. This article provides a technical illustration of Active Inference models in continuous time and a brief survey of Active Inference models that solve four kinds of control problems; namely, the control of goal-directed reaching movements, active sensing, the resolution of multisensory conflict during movement and the integration of decision-making and motor control. Crucially, in Active Inference, all these different facets of motor control emerge from the same optimization process - namely, the minimization of Free Energy - and do not require designing separate cost functions. Therefore, Active Inference provides a unitary perspective on various aspects of motor control that can inform both the study of biological control mechanisms and the design of artificial and robotic systems.
On spectral invariance of non-commutative tori
Creators: name: Luef, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Around 1980 Connes extended the notions of geometry to the non-commutative setting. Since then {\it non-commutative geometry} has turned into a very active area of mathematical research. As a first non-trivial example of a non-commutative manifold Connes discussed subalgebras of rotation algebras, the so-called {\it non-commutative tori}. In the last two decades researchers have unrevealed the relevance of non-commutative tori in a variety of mathematical and physical fields. In a recent paper we have pointed out that non-commutative tori appear very naturally in Gabor analysis. In the present paper we show that Janssen's result on good window classes in Gabor analysis has already been proved in a completely different context and in a very disguised form by Connes in 1980. Our treatment relies on non-commutative analogs of Wiener's lemma for certain subalgebras of rotation algebras by Gröchenig and Leinert.
description: to appear in Contemp. Math. (Proceedings GPOTS2005)
Extraction of radiative decay width for the non-strange partner of Theta^+
Creators: name: Azimov, Ya.
name: Kuznetsov, V.
name: Polyakov, M. V.
name: Strakovsky, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the results of the GRAAL collaboration on the ηphotoproduction from the neutron target, we attempt to extract the partial radiative width of the possible new nucleon resonance N^*(1675). The obtained estimates support this resonance to be a very attractive candidate for the non-strange member of the exotic antidecuplet of baryons -- a partner of the Θ^+ pentaquark. Our phenomenological value for the transition magnetic moment μ(n^* n), appears to be in good agreement with predictions of the Chiral Quark Soliton Model.
description: 4 pages, v2 corresponds to the journal publication
Surface-initiated assembly of protein nanofabrics.
Creators: name: Feinberg, Adam
name: Parker, Kevin Kit
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Cells and tissues are self-organized within an extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of multifunctional, nano- to micrometer scale protein fibrils. We have developed a cell-free, surface-initiated assembly technique to rebuild this ECM structure in vitro. The matrix proteins fibronectin, laminin, fibrinogen, collagen type I, and collagen type IV are micropatterned onto thermosensitive surfaces as 1 to 10 nm thick, micrometer to centimeter wide networks, and released as flexible, free-standing nanofabrics. Independent control of microstructure and protein composition enables us to engineer the mechanical and chemical anisotropy. Fibronectin nanofabrics are highly extensible (>4-fold) and serve as scaffolds for engineering synchronously contracting, cardiac muscle; demonstrating biofunctionality comparable to cell-generated ECM.
Examining conceptual generalisation after acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement in evaluative conditioning
Creators: name: Patterson, Rachel R.
name: Lipp, Ottmar V.
name: Luck, Camilla C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: In evaluative conditioning, a neutral conditional stimulus (CS) acquires the valence of a pleasant or unpleasant unconditional stimulus (US) after the CS and US are paired (acquisition). Valence acquired by the CS can generalise to other stimuli from the same category. Presenting the CS alone can reduce evaluative conditioning (extinction), but evaluations can return after the US is presented alone (reinstatement). The current research investigated whether extinction and reinstatement generalise to other category members (generalisation stimuli, GS). In Experiment 1, evaluations generalised in acquisition after conditioning with one category exemplar, but GS evaluations were unaffected by extinction and reinstatement. In Experiment 2, we aimed to enhance generalisation by presenting multiple category exemplars during conditioning. This strengthened the generalisation of evaluations in extinction but not reinstatement. In Experiment 3, conditioning with multiple exemplars caused explicit and implicit evaluations (measured using an affective priming task) to generalise in acquisition but not in extinction or reinstatement. The acquisition and extinction of US expectancy generalised in all experiments, but the reinstatement generalised in Experiment 3 only. Overall, we found partial evidence of evaluative generalisation during extinction (but not reinstatement) and demonstrated that the extinction and reinstatement of US expectancy generalises in evaluative conditioning.
Exact Jacobi elliptic solutions of some models for the interaction of long and short waves
Creators: name: Brewer, Bruce
name: Daniels, Jake
name: Nguyen, Nghiem V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A16, 35A24, 35B10

description: Some systems were recently put forth by Nguyen et. al. as models for studying the interaction of long and short waves in dispersive media. These systems were shown to possess synchronized Jacobi elliptic solutions as well as synchronized solitary wave solutions under certain constraints, i.e., vector solutions where the two components are proportional to one another. In this paper, the exact periodic traveling wave solutions to these systems in general are found to be given by Jacobi elliptic functions. Moreover, these cnoidal wave solutions are unique. Thus, the explicit synchronized solutions under some conditions obtained by Nguyen et. al. are also indeed unique.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, to appear in AIMS Mathematics. This is the final version, incorporating the referee comments
Service history of a British Army of the Rhine (BAOR) soldier
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: My uncle served in the 4th Northamptons British Army of the Rhine (BAOR). He joined on the 29th July 1943 to do training and was released on 7th July 1947. The final journey home and crossing at the border post between Germany and Holland took him to the 29th November of that year.His movements throughout the War were as follows:
In November 1943 he moved from Norwich to Hythe in Kent.
Jan. '44 - Dover, Kent with CD Company
26th March '44 - went back to Ipswich, Suffolk
9th April '44 - returned to Dover
19th April '44 - Broadstairs, Kent
25th April '44 - Ipswich
29th August '44 - Bake House Camp, Cornwall, worked as Duty Clerk
6th Feb.'45 - moved to Launceston, Cornwall
12th Feb.'45 - sent to Ostend, Belgium
24th March '45 - crossed the Rhine
5th June - went to Vluyn
4th November - West Dusseldorf
Robinson-Trautman solutions with scalar hair and Ricci flow
Creators: name: Nozawa, Masato
name: Torii, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vacuum Robinson-Trautman solution admits a shear-free and twist-free null geodesic congruence with a nonvanishing expansion. We perform a comprehensive classification of solutions exhibiting this property in Einstein's gravity with a massless scalar field, assuming that the solution belongs at least to Petrov-type II and some of the components of Ricci tensor identically vanish. We find that these solutions can be grouped into three distinct classes: (I-a) a natural extension of the Robinson-Trautman family incorporating a scalar hair satisfying the time derivative of the Ricci flow equation, (I-b) a novel non-asymptotically flat solution characterized by two functions satisfying Perelman's pair of the Ricci flow equations, and (II) a dynamical solution possessing ${\rm SO}(3)$, ${\rm ISO}(2)$ or ${\rm SO}(1,2)$ symmetry. We provide a complete list of all explicit solutions falling into Petrov type D for classes (I-a) and (I-b). Moreover, leveraging the massless solution in class (I-a), we derive the neutral Robinson-Trautman solution to the ${\cal N}=2$ gauged supergravity with the prepotential $F(X) =-iX^0X^1$. By flipping the sign of the kinetic term of the scalar field, the Petrov-D class (I-a) solution leads to a time-dependent wormhole with an instantaneous spacetime singularity. Although the general solution is unavailable for class (II), we find a new dynamical solution with spherical symmetry from the AdS-Roberts solution via AdS/Ricci-flat correspondence.
description: v2: 42 pages, 2 figures; clarifications amended, references added, to appear in CQG
Deficit of wide binaries in the eta Chamaeleontis young cluster
Creators: name: Brandeker, Alexis
name: Jayawardhana, Ray
name: Khavari, Parandis
name: Haisch, Karl E.
name: Mardones, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out a sensitive high-resolution imaging survey of stars in the young (6-8 Myr), nearby (97 pc) compact cluster around eta Chamaeleontis to search for stellar and sub-stellar companions. Given its youth and proximity, any sub-stellar companions are expected to be luminous, especially in the near infrared, and thus easier to detect next to their parent stars. Here, we present VLT/NACO adaptive optics imaging with companion detection limits for 17 eta Cha cluster members, and follow-up VLT/ISAAC near-infrared spectroscopy for companion candidates. The widest binary detected is ~0.2", corresponding to the projected separation 20 AU, despite our survey being sensitive down to sub-stellar companions outside 0.3", and planetary mass objects outside 0.5". This implies that the stellar companion probability outside 0.3" and the brown dwarf companion probability outside 0.5" are less than 0.16 with 95% confidence. We compare the wide binary frequency of eta Cha to that of the similarly aged TW Hydrae association, and estimate the statistical likelihood that the wide binary probability is equal in both groups to be < 2e-4. Even though the eta Cha cluster is relatively dense, stellar encounters in its present configuration cannot account for the relative deficit of wide binaries. We thus conclude that the difference in wide binary probability in these two groups provides strong evidence for multiplicity properties being dependent on environment. In two appendices we derive the projected separation probability distribution for binaries, used to constrain physical separations from observed projected separations, and summarize statistical tools useful for multiplicity studies.
description: Accepted by ApJ. 13 pages, 10 figures
A Moving Boundary Flux Stabilization Method for Cartesian Cut-Cell Grids using Directional Operator Splitting
Creators: name: Bennett, W. P.
name: Nikiforakis, N.
name: Klein, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An explicit moving boundary method for the numerical solution of time-dependent hyperbolic conservation laws on grids produced by the intersection of complex geometries with a regular Cartesian grid is presented. As it employs directional operator splitting, implementation of the scheme is rather straightforward. Extending the method for static walls from Klein et al., Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc., A367, no. 1907, 4559-4575 (2009), the scheme calculates fluxes needed for a conservative update of the near-wall cut-cells as linear combinations of standard fluxes from a one-dimensional extended stencil. Here the standard fluxes are those obtained without regard to the small sub-cell problem, and the linear combination weights involve detailed information regarding the cut-cell geometry. This linear combination of standard fluxes stabilizes the updates such that the time-step yielding marginal stability for arbitrarily small cut-cells is of the same order as that for regular cells. Moreover, it renders the approach compatible with a wide range of existing numerical flux-approximation methods. The scheme is extended here to time dependent rigid boundaries by reformulating the linear combination weights of the stabilizing flux stencil to account for the time dependence of cut-cell volume and interface area fractions. The two-dimensional tests discussed include advection in a channel oriented at an oblique angle to the Cartesian computational mesh, cylinders with circular and triangular cross-section passing through a stationary shock wave, a piston moving through an open-ended shock tube, and the flow around an oscillating NACA 0012 aerofoil profile.
description: 30 pages, 27 figures, 3 tables
Slow DNA transport through nanopores in hafnium oxide membranes.
Creators: name: Larkin, Joseph
name: Henley, Robert
name: Bell, David C.
name: Itzhaq Cohen-Karni
name: Rosenstein, Jacob K
name: Wanunu, Meni
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: We present a study of double- and single-stranded DNA transport through nanopores fabricated in ultrathin (2-7 nm thick) freestanding hafnium oxide (HfO2) membranes. The high chemical stability of ultrathin HfO2 enables long-lived experiments withhours, in which we observe >50 000 DNA translocations with no detectable pore expansion. Mean DNA velocities are slower than velocities through comparable silicon nitride pores, providing evidence that HfO2 nanopores have favorable physicochemical interactions with nucleic acids that can be leveraged to slow down DNA in a nanopore.
Physics and optimization of beta-beams: From low to very high gamma
Creators: name: Huber, P.
name: Lindner, M.
name: Rolinec, M.
name: Winter, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics potential of beta beams is investigated from low to very high gamma values and it is compared to superbeams and neutrino factories. The gamma factor and the baseline are treated as continuous variables in the optimization of the beta beam, while a fixed mass water Cherenkov detector or a totally active scintillator detector is assumed. We include in our discussion also the gamma dependence of the number of ion decays per year. For low gamma, we find that a beta beam could be a very interesting alternative to a superbeam upgrade, especially if it is operated at the second oscillation maximum to reduce correlations and degeneracies. For high gamma, we find that a beta beam could have a potential similar to a neutrino factory. In all cases, the sensitivity of the beta beams to CP violation is very impressive if similar neutrino and anti-neutrino event rates can be achieved.
description: 34 pages, 16 figures, Fig. 2 modified, discussion improved, refs. added, version to appear in PRD
Sapindus trifoliatus Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Sapindaceae
Sapindus
Sapindus trifoliatus

description: Sapindus trifoliatus Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 367. 1753.
"Habitat in Malabaria." RCN: 2904.
 Lectotype (Mujamdar & Bakshi in Taxon 28: 354. 1979): [icon] “Poerinsii” in Rheede, Hort. Malab. 4: 43, t. 19. 1683.
 Current name:  Sapindus trifoliatus  L. (Sapindaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S), pp. 806-877 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 817, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
A Guided Spatial Transformer Network for Histology Cell Differentiation
Creators: name: Aubreville, Marc
name: Krappmann, Maximilian
name: Bertram, Christof
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Maier, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identification and counting of cells and mitotic figures is a standard task in diagnostic histopathology. Due to the large overall cell count on histological slides and the potential sparse prevalence of some relevant cell types or mitotic figures, retrieving annotation data for sufficient statistics is a tedious task and prone to a significant error in assessment. Automatic classification and segmentation is a classic task in digital pathology, yet it is not solved to a sufficient degree. We present a novel approach for cell and mitotic figure classification, based on a deep convolutional network with an incorporated Spatial Transformer Network. The network was trained on a novel data set with ten thousand mitotic figures, about ten times more than previous data sets. The algorithm is able to derive the cell class (mitotic tumor cells, non-mitotic tumor cells and granulocytes) and their position within an image. The mean accuracy of the algorithm in a five-fold cross-validation is 91.45%. In our view, the approach is a promising step into the direction of a more objective and accurate, semi-automatized mitosis counting supporting the pathologist.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, EG VCBM 2017 contribution
Telegram Regarding Comments in Hanoi Daily
Creators: name: United States. The White House
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 0
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 2
Box 232 Folder 02
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Telegram expressing comments in the Hanoi Daily newspaper regarding Tito as a willful servant of American imperialism.
Simulation of Dilated Heart Failure with Continuous Flow Circulatory Support
Creators: name: Yajuan  Wang
name: Logmanpour, Natasha
name: Vandenberghe, Stijn
name: Ferreira, Antonio
name: Keller, Bradley
name: Gorcsan, John
name: Antaki, James
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Lumped parameter models have been employed for decades to simulate important hemodynamic couplings between a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) and the native circulation. However, these studies seldom consider the pathological descending limb of the Frank-Starling response of the overloaded ventricle. This study introduces a dilated heart failure model featuring a unimodal end systolic pressure-volume relationship (ESPVR) to address this critical shortcoming. The resulting hemodynamic response to mechanical circulatory support are illustrated through numerical simulations of a rotodynamic, continuous flow ventricular assist device (cfVAD) coupled to systemic and pulmonary circulations with baroreflex control. The model further incorporated septal interaction to capture the influence of left ventricular (LV) unloading on right ventricular function. Four heart failure conditions were simulated (LV and bi-ventricular failure with/without pulmonary hypertension) in addition to normal baseline. Several metrics of LV function, including cardiac output and stroke work, exhibited a unimodal response whereby initial unloading improved function, and further unloading depleted preload reserve thereby reducing ventricular output. The concept ofextremal loading was introduced to reflect the loading condition in which the intrinsic LV stroke work is maximized. Simulation of bi-ventricular failure with pulmonary hypertension revealed inadequacy of LV support alone. These simulations motivate the implementation of an extremum tracking feedback controller to potentially optimize ventricular recovery.
The effect of congruent emotional context on semantic memory during discourse comprehension
Creators: name: Zhang, Qian
name: Li, Lin
name: Yang, Xiaohong
name: Yang, Yufang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This study examined the effect of emotional context on the semantic memory of subsequent emotional words during discourse comprehension in two eye-tracking experiments. Four-sentence discourses were used as experimental materials. The first three sentences established an emotional or neutral context, while the fourth contained an emotional target word consistent with the preceding emotional context's valence. The discourses were presented twice using the text change paradigm, where the target words were replaced with strongly - or weakly-related words during the second presentation. Thus, four conditions were included in the present study: Emotional-strongly-related, Emotional-weakly-related, Neutral-strongly-related and Neutral-weakly-related. In Experiment 1, negative contexts and negative target words were used, whereas in Experiment 2, positive contexts and positive target words were used. The results revealed a semantic relatedness effect, whereby the strongly-related words have lower change detection accuracy, longer reading times and more fixations in both Experiments 1 and 2. Furthermore, across both experiments, the magnitude of the semantic relatedness effect was greater in the emotionally congruent contexts than in the neutral contexts. These results suggest that emotional context could increase efforts to change the discrimination of subsequent words and demonstrate an important role of emotional context on semantic memory during discourse processing.
Modulatory effects of goal relevance on emotional attention reveal that fear has a distinct value
Creators: name: Xue, Xiaojuan
name: Pourtois, Gilles
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Threat-related stimuli can capture attention. However, it remains debated whether this capture is automatic or not. To address this question, we compared attentional biases to emotional faces using a dot-probe task (DPT) where emotion was never goal-relevant (Experiment 1) or made directly task-relevant by means of induction trials (Experiments 2–3). Moreover, the contingency between the DPT and induction trials was either partial (Experiment 2) or full (Experiment 3). Eye-tracking was used to ascertain that the emotional cue and the subsequent target were processed with peripheral vision. Experiments 1 and 2 both showed that negative faces captured attention, with faster target processing when it appeared on the same side as the preceding fearful face (i.e. fear-valid trials) compared to the opposite side where the neutral face was shown (i.e. fear-invalid trials), but also when it appeared on the side of the preceding neutral face (i.e. happy-invalid trials) compared to the happy face (i.e. happy-valid trials). Importantly, this preferential spatial orienting to negative emotion was not observed in Experiment 3, where the goal relevance of emotion was high. However, in that experiment, fearful faces produced a specific attentional bias during the DPT, which was mostly driven by the induction trials themselves.
What aspects of galaxy environment matter?
Creators: name: Blanton, Michael R.
name: Berlind, Andreas A.
name: Hogg, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine what aspects of the density field surrounding galaxies most affect their properties. For Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies, we measure the group environment, meaning the host group luminosity and the distance from the group center (hereafter, ``groupocentric distance''). For comparison, we measure the surrounding density field on scales ranging from 100 kpc/h to 10 Mpc/h. We use the relationship between color and group environment to test the null hypothesis that only the group environment matters, searching for a residual dependence of properties on the surrounding density. Generally, red galaxies are slightly more clustered on small scales (about 100--300 kpc/h) than the null hypothesis predicts, possibly indicating that substructure within groups has some importance. At large scales (> 1 Mpc/h), the actual projected correlation functions of galaxies are biased at less than the 5% level with respect to the null hypothesis predictions. We exclude strongly the converse null hypothesis, that only the surrounding density (on any scale) matters. These results generally encourage the use of the halo model description of galaxy bias, which models the galaxy distribution as a function of host halo mass alone. We compare these results to proposed galaxy formation scenarios within the Cold Dark Matter cosmological model.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ
A Novel Instrument for Bed Dynamics Observation Supports Machine Learning Applications in Mangrove Biogeomorphic Processes.pdf
Creators: name: Hu, Zhan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hydrology
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40601 Geomorphology and Regolith and Landscape Evolution
subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: Physical Geography

description: A Novel Instrument for Bed Dynamics Observation in Mangrove
Semi-supervised emotion lexicon expansion with label propagation and specialized word embeddings
Creators: name: Giulianelli, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There exist two main approaches to automatically extract affective orientation: lexicon-based and corpus-based. In this work, we argue that these two methods are compatible and show that combining them can improve the accuracy of emotion classifiers. In particular, we introduce a novel variant of the Label Propagation algorithm that is tailored to distributed word representations, we apply batch gradient descent to accelerate the optimization of label propagation and to make the optimization feasible for large graphs, and we propose a reproducible method for emotion lexicon expansion. We conclude that label propagation can expand an emotion lexicon in a meaningful way and that the expanded emotion lexicon can be leveraged to improve the accuracy of an emotion classifier.
The Color-Superconducting {'}t Hooft Interaction
Creators: name: Steiner, Andrew W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effect of a six-fermion interaction of the {'}t Hooft form in the quark-quark channel on the ground state of matter at finite density. The coupling constant for this new term is varied within the limits suggested by naturalness. The flavor-mixing effects of the additional term destabilize the color-flavor-locked (CFL) and, to a lesser extent, the two-color superconducting (2SC) phases of quark matter, especially for positive values of the coupling. For some values of the coupling, the critical density for the CFL phase is nearly larger than the maximum density in the neutron stars. We comment on the implications for neutron star evolution.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; A few editorial corrections, some added explanation and references; Version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Mobility and diffusion of intruders in granular suspensions. Einstein relation
Creators: name: González, Rubén Gómez
name: Garzó, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Enskog kinetic equation is considered to determine the mobility $λ$ and diffusion $D$ transport coefficients of intruders immersed in a granular gas of inelastic hard spheres (grains). Intruders and grains are in contact with a thermal bath, which plays the role of a background gas. As usual, the influence of the latter on the dynamics of intruders and grains is accounted for via a viscous drag force plus a stochastic Langevin-like term proportional to the background temperature $T_\text{b}$. The transport coefficients $λ$ and $D$ are determined by solving the kinetic equation by means of the Chapman--Enskog method adapted to dissipative dynamics. Both transport coefficients are given in terms of the solutions of two integral equations which are approximately solved up to the second order in a Sonine polynomial expansion. Theoretical results are compared against numerical solutions of the inelastic Enskog equation by means of the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. Good agreement between theory and simulations is in general found, specially in the case of the second Sonine approximation. The knowledge of the coefficients $λ$ and $D$ allow us to assess the departure of the Einstein relation $ε=D/(T_{\text{b}}λ)$ from 1. As expected from previous results for driven granular gases, it is shown that the origin of the deviation of $ε$ from 1 is only due to the non-Maxwellian behavior of reference state of intruders (measured by the cumulant $c_0$) when the bath temperature $T_\text{b}$ is replaced by the intruder temperature $T_0$ in the Einstein relation. Since the magnitude of $c_0$ is in general very small, deviations of the (modified) Einstein relation $ε_0=D/(T_0λ)$ from 1 cannot be detected in computer simulations of dilute granular gases. This conclusion agrees well with previous computer simulation results.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Petrorhagia cretica P. W. Ball & Heywood 1964
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllaceae
Petrorhagia
Petrorhagia cretica

description: Saponaria cretica Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 1: 584. 1762.
"Habitat in Cretae aridis." RCN: 3197.
 Lectotype (Davis in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 164. 1957): Herb. Linn. No. 580.4 (LINN).
 Current name:  Petrorhagia cretica  (L.) P.W. Ball & Heywood (Caryophyllaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S), pp. 806-877 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 817, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
An empirical model of the long-distance contributions to $\bar{B}^{0} \rightarrow \bar{K}^{*0}μ^{+}μ^{-}$ transitions
Creators: name: Blake, Thomas
name: Egede, Ulrik
name: Owen, Patrick
name: Pomery, Gabriela
name: Petridis, Konstantinos Alexandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for analysing the hadronic resonance contributions in $\bar{B}^{0} \rightarrow \bar{K}^{*0}μ^{+}μ^{-}$ decays is presented. This method uses an empirical model that relies on measurements of the branching fractions and polarisation amplitudes of final states involving $J^{PC}=1^{--}$ resonances, relative to the short-distance component, across the full dimuon mass spectrum of $\bar{B}^{0} \rightarrow \bar{K}^{*0}μ^{+}μ^{-}$ transitions. The model is in good agreement with existing calculations of hadronic non-local effects. The effect of this contribution to the angular observables is presented and it is demonstrated how the narrow resonances in the $q^{2}$ spectrum provide a dramatic enhancement to $CP$-violating effects in the short-distance amplitude. Finally, a study of the hadronic resonance effects on lepton universality ratios, $R_{K^{(*)}}$, in the presence of new physics is presented.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures in main text, 2 figures in appendix, version accepted by journal
Extended critical phase in quasiperiodic quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: Karcher, Jonas F
name: Vasseur, Romain
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of quasiperiodic spatial modulation on the quantum Hall plateau transition, by analyzing the Chalker-Coddington network model for the integer quantum Hall transition with quasiperiodically modulated link phases. In the conventional case (uncorrelated random phases), there is a critical point separating topologically distinct integer quantum Hall insulators. Surprisingly, the quasiperiodic version of the model supports an extended critical phase for some angles of modulation. We characterize this critical phase and the transitions between critical and insulating phases. For quasiperiodic potentials with two incommensurate wavelengths, the transitions we find are in a different universality class from the random transition. Upon adding more wavelengths they undergo a crossover to the uncorrelated random case. We expect our results to be relevant to the quantum Hall phases of twisted bilayer graphene or other Moiré systems with large unit cells.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
My Father's RAF Wartime Experience
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: My father was in the RAF and was an aircraft maintenance engineer and was stationed in Baghdad (Persia, now Iraq). He first joined in 1924 when aircraft had cables (not engines). He left (not sure when) and re-joined at the start of the war.
Bomb Scare at School
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: My mum lived in Colchester as a child, close to the army barracks. She was born in 1934 and spoke of lots of anxiety and stress. Her father had been gassed in WW1 and was difficult to live with and had terrible bronchitis.Mum was the fifth of six children. She went to St John's Primary School near the barracks. (St. John's Green) She was in school and heard a plane overhead and the Scottish teacher said, "It's a bloody German".They were told to get under their desks and then went to the bomb shelter. They had to run in pairs and she remembers the plane coming round and shooting at the playground while children were going across. They had to wait for the all clear. Their mothers did not know what had happened and whether their children were alive. She remembers a time her mother was breastfeeding and her eldest son of 17 coming in to say he had joined up.My dad lived in Wivenhoe. He built part of Mulberry Harbour. He remembers not going to school as his teachers were called up. He grew up in a pub, owned by his parents. They kept rabbits which they used for food and played quoits in the park. His older sister and father had tuberculosis.
Discovery of an eclipsing X-ray binary with a 32.69 hour period in M101: an analog of Her X-1 or LMC X-4?
Creators: name: Liu, Jifeng
name: di Stefano, Rosanne
name: McClintock, Jeffrey
name: Kong, Albert
name: Bregman, Joel
name: Kuntz, Kip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of an eclipsing X-ray binary in M101, the first such system to be discovered outside the Local Group. Based on a sequence of 25 Chandra observations that sample a wide range of orbital phases, we find a period of 32.688 $\pm$ 0.002 hours, which we interpret as an orbital period. The folded light curve exhibits an eclipse lasting about 8 hours, suggesting a compact orbit in an nearly edge-on configuration. The X-ray binary has an average luminosity of $L_X(0.3-8 {\rm keV}) \approx 1.3\times10^{38}$ erg/sec, with only one out of the 25 observations significantly lower in flux than the average light curve.The presence of the eclipse and the $\sim$ 1.4-day orbital period suggests that this source is an analog of the well studied eclipsing X-ray binary pulsars Her X-1 or LMC X-4. Combining the Chandra data and the HST ACS/WFC images, we have identified several possible optical counterparts, including an O5-O3 star with V = 25.0. Follow-up optical monitoring observations should be able to identify the donor and further constrain the orbital properties.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, ApJ in press
Saponaria lutea Linnaeus 1762
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllaceae
Saponaria
Saponaria lutea

description: Saponaria lutea Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 1: 585. 1762.
"Habitat in Alpibus Exilliarum, Fenestrellarum, Canisio." RCN: 3202.
 Lectotype (Phitos in Cafferty & Jarvis in Taxon 53: 1053. 2004): [icon] "Lychnis floribus umbellatis ochroleucis, petalis ovatis, filamentis nigris" in Allioni, Rar. Pedem. Stirp.: 29, t. 5, f. 2. 1755.
 Current name:  Saponaria lutea  L. (Caryophyllaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S), pp. 806-877 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 817, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Print and Place portfolio
Creators: name: Hogan, Jan
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2024

description: The Print & Place portfolio presents prints that explore lutruwita Tasmania in ecological, geological, and human-cultural terms.  Printmaking’s sensitivity to atmospheric conditions was used to develop collaborative dialogues and visualise place as the product of multiple, mixed agencies. The works respond to philosopher Val Plumwood’s and anthropologist Deborah Bird Rose’s call for an ethical and responsive engagement in relation to the morethanhuman world.
Memorandum Regarding Miscellaneous Matters
Creators: name: United States. Department Of State
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1965
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 4
Box 232 Folder 04
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Memorandum of conversation between Ambassadors Micunovic and Thompson concerning bombing in Vietnam, press rumors of changes in Soviet leadership, the United Nations, and bilateral relations.