cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modeling D-Region Ionospheric Response of the Great American TSE of August 21, 2017 from VLF signal perturbation
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
name: Sasmal, Sudipta
name: Basak, Tamal
name: Chakraborty, Suman
name: Tucker, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar eclipse is an unique opportunity to study the lower ionospheric variabilities under a controlled perturbation when the solar ultraviolet and X-ray are temporally occulted by the lunar disk. Sub-ionospheric Very Low Frequency (VLF) radio signal displays the ionospheric response of solar eclipse by modulating its amplitude and phase. During the Total Solar Eclipse (TSE) on August 21, 2017 in North America, data was recorded by a number of receivers as presented in public archive. Out of these, two receiving stations YADA in McBaine and K5TD in Tulsa could procure a reasonable quality of noise free data where the signal amplitude was clearly modulated due to the eclipse. During the lunar occultation, a C3.0 solar flare occurred and the signal received from Tulsa manifested the effect of sudden ionization due to the flare. The VLF amplitude in Tulsa shows the effect which is generally understood by superimposing effects of both the solar eclipse and flare. However, the signal by YADA did not perturb by the solar flare, as the flaring region was totally behind the lunar disk for the entire period. We numerically reproduced the observed signal amplitude variation at both the receiving locations by using Wait's two component D-region ionospheric model and the well-known Long Wavelength Propagation Capability (LWPC) code. The perturbed electron density for both the cases is computed which matches satisfactorily with the true ionospheric conditions.
description: 22 pages, 11 Figures, Submitted in Advances in Space Research (ASR) on 1 Jan. 2018
Focusing on Binding and Computation
Creators: name: Licata, Daniel R.
name: Zeilberger, Noam
name: Harper, Robert
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Variable binding is a prevalent feature of the syntax and proof theory of many logical systems. In this paper, we define a programming language that provides intrinsic support for both representing and computing with binding. This language is extracted as the Curry-Howard interpretation of a focused sequent calculus with two kinds of implication, of opposite polarity. The representational arrow extends systems of definitional reflection with the notion of a scoped inference rule, which permits the adequate representation of binding via higher-order abstract syntax. On the other hand, the usual computational arrow classifies recursive functions over such higher-order data. Unlike many previous approaches, both binding and computation can mix freely. Following Zeilberger [POPL 2008], the computational function space admits a form of openendedness, in that it is represented by an abstract map from patterns to expressions. As we demonstrate with Coq and Agda implementations, this has the important practical benefit that we can reuse the pattern coverage checking of these tools.
Integrable lattice spin models from supersymmetric dualities
Creators: name: Gahramanov, Ilmar
name: Jafarzade, Shahriyar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T60, 16T25, 14K25, 33D60, 33E20, 33D90, 39A13

description: Recently, there has been observed an interesting correspondence between supersymmetric quiver gauge theories with four supercharges and integrable lattice models of statistical mechanics such that the two-dimensional spin lattice is the quiver diagram, the partition function of the lattice model is the partition function of the gauge theory and the Yang-Baxter equation expresses the identity of partition functions for dual pairs. This correspondence is a powerful tool which enables us to generate new integrable models. The aim of the present paper is to give a short account on a progress in integrable lattice models which has been made due to the relationship with supersymmetric gauge theories.
description: 35 pages, preliminary version
Cauchy-Davenport type theorems for semigroups
Creators: name: Tringali, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05E15, 11B13, 20D60, Secondary 20E99

description: Let $\mathbb{A} = (A, +)$ be a (possibly non-commutative) semigroup. For $Z \subseteq A$ we define $Z^\times := Z \cap \mathbb A^\times$, where $\mathbb A^\times$ is the set of the units of $\mathbb{A}$, and $$γ(Z) := \sup_{z_0 \in Z^\times} \inf_{z_0 \ne z \in Z} {\rm ord}(z - z_0).$$ The paper investigates some properties of $γ(\cdot)$ and shows the following extension of the Cauchy-Davenport theorem: If $\mathbb A$ is cancellative and $X, Y \subseteq A$, then $$|X+Y| \ge \min(γ(X+Y),|X| + |Y| - 1).$$ This implies a generalization of Kemperman's inequality for torsion-free groups and strengthens another extension of the Cauchy-Davenport theorem, where $\mathbb{A}$ is a group and $γ(X+Y)$ in the above is replaced by the infimum of $|S|$ as $S$ ranges over the non-trivial subgroups of $\mathbb{A}$ (Hamidoune-Károlyi theorem).
description: To appear in Mathematika (12 pages, no figures; the paper is a sequel of arXiv:1210.4203v4; shortened comments and proofs in Sections 3 and 4; refined the statement of Conjecture 6 and added a note in proof at the end of Section 6 to mention that the conjecture is true at least in another non-trivial case)
The isotropic diffusion source approximation for supernova neutrino transport
Creators: name: Liebendoerfer, M.
name: Whitehouse, S. C.
name: Fischer, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical observations originate from matter that interacts with radiation or transported particles. We develop a pragmatic approximation in order to enable multi-dimensional simulations with basic spectral radiative transfer when the computational resources are not sufficient to solve the complete Boltzmann transport equation. The distribution function of the transported particles is decomposed into trapped and streaming particle components. Their separate evolution equations are coupled by a source term that converts trapped particles into streaming particles. We determine this source term by requiring the correct diffusion limit. For a smooth transition to the free streaming regime, this 'diffusion source' is limited by the matter emissivity. The resulting streaming particle emission rates are integrated over space to obtain the streaming particle flux. A geometric estimate of the flux factor is used to convert the particle flux to the streaming particle density. The efficiency of the scheme results from the freedom to use different approximations for each particle component. In supernovae, reactions with trapped particles on fast time scales establish equilibria that reduce the number of primitive variables required to evolve the trapped particle component. On the other hand, a stationary-state approximation facilitates the treatment of the streaming particle component. Different approximations may apply in applications to stellar atmospheres, star formation, or cosmological radiative transfer. We compare the isotropic diffusion source approximation with Boltzmann neutrino transport of electron flavour neutrinos in spherically symmetric supernova models and find good agreement. An extension of the scheme to the multi-dimensional case is also discussed.
description: revised version, 19 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ
Focused Optimization for Online Detection of Anomalous Regions
Creators: name: Mendoza, Juan Pablo
name: Veloso, Manuela M.
name: Simmons, Reid
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents an online algorithm for early detection of anomalies in robot execution, where the anomalies occur in a particular region of the robot's state space. Assuming that a model of normal execution is given, the algorithm detects regions of space where data significantly deviate from normal. It achieves this by focusing optimization over a fixed-parameter family of shapes to find the one among them that is most likely anomalous, and then using this region to decide whether execution is anomalous. Experiments using synthetic and real robot data support the effectiveness of the approach.
Origin of a maximum of astrophysical $S$ factor in heavy-ion fusion reactions at deep subbarrier energies
Creators: name: Hagino, K.
name: Balantekin, A. B.
name: Lwin, N. W.
name: Thein, Ei Shwe Zin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hindrance phenomenon of heavy-ion fusion cross sections at deep subbarrier energies often accompanies a maximum of an astrophysical $S$ factor at a threshold energy for fusion hindrance. We argue that this phenomenon can naturally be explained when the fusion excitation function is fitted with two potentials, with a larger (smaller) logarithmic slope at energies lower (higher) than the threshold energy. This analysis clearly suggests that the astrophysical $S$ factor provides a convenient tool to analyze the deep subbarrier hindrance phenomenon, even though the $S$ factor may have a strong energy dependence for heavy-ion systems unlike that for astrophysical reactions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
NLO QCD corrections to Higgs boson production in association with a top quark pair and a jet
Creators: name: van Deurzen, Hans
name: Luisoni, Gionata
name: Mastrolia, Pierpaolo
name: Mirabella, Edoardo
name: Ossola, Giovanni
name: Peraro, Tiziano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the calculation of the cross section for Higgs boson production in association with a top quark pair plus one jet, at next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy in QCD. All mass dependence is retained without recurring to any approximation. After including the complete NLO QCD corrections, we observe a strong reduction in the scale dependence of the result. We also show distributions for the invariant mass of the top quark pair, with and without the additional jet, and for the transverse momentum and the pseudorapidity of the Higgs boson. Results for the virtual contributions are obtained with a novel reduction approach based on integrand decomposition via Laurent expansion, as implemented in the library Ninja. Cross sections and differential distributions are obtained with an automated setup which combines the GoSam and Sherpa frameworks.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. v3: corrected benchmark point in the appendix
Dynamical bunching and density peaks in expanding Coulomb clouds
Creators: name: Zerbe, Brandon
name: Xiang, Xukun
name: Ruan, Chong-Yu
name: Lund, Steve
name: Duxbury, Phil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expansion dynamics of single-species, non-neutral clouds, such as electron bunches used in ultrafast electron microscopy, show novel behavior due to high acceleration of particles in the cloud interior. This often leads to electron bunching and dynamical formation of a density shock in the outer regions of the bunch. We develop analytic fluid models to capture these effects, and the analytic predictions are validated by PIC and N-particle simulations. In the space-charge dominated regime, two and three dimensional systems with Gaussian initial densities show bunching and a strong shock response, while one dimensional systems do not; moreover these effects can be tuned using the initial particle density profile and velocity chirp.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures(spread over 18 png files); No changes to the text --- however I had mis-spelled Chong-Yu Ruan's first name in the metadata. (It was originally Chung-Yu). This typo has been addressed
Deformation of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM with varying couplings via fluxes and intersecting branes
Creators: name: Choi, Jaewang
name: Fernandez-Melgarejo, Jose J.
name: Sugimoto, Shigeki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study deformations of ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with space-time dependent couplings by embedding probe D3-branes in supergravity backgrounds with non-trivial fluxes. The effective action on the world-volume of the D3-branes is analyzed and a map between the deformation parameters and the fluxes is obtained. As an explicit example, we consider D3-branes in a background corresponding to $(p,q)$ 5-branes intersecting them and show that the effective theory on the D3-branes precisely agrees with the supersymmetric Janus configuration found by Gaiotto and Witten in arXiv:0804.2907 . D3-branes in an intersecting D3-brane background is also analyzed and the D3-brane effective action reproduces one of the supersymmetric configurations with $ISO(1,1)\times SO(2)\times SO(4)$ symmetry found in our previous paper arXiv:1710.09792 .
description: 36 pages
Field dependence of magnetic correlations through the polarization flop transition in multiferroic TbMnO3 : evidence for a magnetic memory effect
Creators: name: Senff, D.
name: Link, P.
name: Aliouane, N.
name: Argyriou, D. N.
name: Braden, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field-induced multiferroic transition in TbMnO3 has been studied by neutron scattering. Apart strong hysteresis, the magnetic transition associated with the flop of electronic polarization exhibits a memory effect: after a field sweep, TbMnO3 does not exhibit the same phase as that obtained by zero-field cooling. The strong changes in the magnetic excitations across the transition perfectly agree with a rotation of the cycloidal spiral plane indicating that the inverse Dzyaloshinski-Moriya coupling causes the giant magnetoelectric effect at the field-induced transition. The analysis of the zone-center magnetic excitations identifies the electromagnon of the multiferroic high-field phase.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
title: Low-Cycle-Fatigue Performance of Stress-Aged EN AW-7075 Alloy
Creators: name: Sajadifar, Seyed Vahid
name: Krooß, Philipp
name: Krochmal, Marcel
name: Wegener, Thomas
name: Heidarzadeh, Akbar
name: Fröck, Hannes
name: Zavašnik, Janez
name: Kessler, Olaf
name: Niendorf, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: high-strength aluminum alloys
subject: low-cycle fatigue
subject: mechanical properties
subject: microstructures
subject: stress aging
subject: 600
subject: Aluminiumlegierung
subject: Materialermüdung
subject: Mechanische Eigenschaft
subject: Gefüge

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
A transmission problem on a polygonal partition: regularity and shape differentiability
Creators: name: Beretta, Elena
name: Francini, Elisa
name: Vessella, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 35J25, 49Q10, 49N60

description: We consider a transmission problem on a polygonal partition for the two-dimensional conductivity equation. For suitable classes of partitions we establish the exact behaviour of the gradient of solutions in a neighbourhood of the vertexes of the partition. This allows to prove shape differentiability of solutions and to establish an explicit formula for the shape derivative.
Influence of corrosion on thermomechanical linings behaviour
Creators: name: DARBAN Sina
name: MADEJ Dominika
name: PROROK Ryszard
name: SZCZERBA Jacek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: corrosion
thermomechanical
linings

description: Influence of corrosion on thermomechanical linings behaviour
Experimental Observation of a Fundamental Length Scale of Waves in Random Media
Creators: name: Barkhofen, S.
name: Metzger, J.
name: Fleischmann, R.
name: Kuhl, U.
name: Stoeckmann, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Waves propagating through a weakly scattering random medium show a pronounced branching of the flow accompanied by the formation of freak waves, i.e., extremely intense waves. Theory predicts that this strong fluctuation regime is accompanied by its own fundamental length scale of transport in random media, parametrically different from the mean free path or the localization length. We show numerically how the scintillation index can be used to assess the scaling behavior of the branching length. We report the experimental observation of this scaling using microwave transport experiments in quasi-two-dimensional resonators with randomly distributed weak scatterers. Remarkably, the scaling range extends much further than expected from random caustics statistics.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Curating Cityscapes: Ways for Thinking and Performing Spaces of Becoming
Creators: name: Xiao, Ningfei
name: Twose, Simon
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2025

description: As a Chinese artist and architect living between China and Aotearoa New Zealand, the researcher has encountered many native landscapes hidden within urban environments. In partnership with indigenous women from Aotearoa and China, this creative practice-based research project asks: What unfolds when dynamic realms of native landscapes, hidden within urban environments, are encountered, narrated, and performed? How can design and art contribute to thinking and performing spaces of becoming? By ‘becoming,’ we refer to the constantly changing and intra-acting dynamics of urban space and processes of knowing postcolonial urban spaces. These inquiries form the basis of this paper, which references a micro-curating and performance project titled ‘Native Land and Other Stories.’ The project is not just performance by the researcher but also a performative exploration of collective experiences reimagining everyday cityscapes with other female collaborators. These experiences are viewed as acts of ‘curating,’ rooted in its Latin concepts of ‘caring’ (curitas, cura), and intertwined with Ewengki/Evenki, Māori and Chinese traditions of ‘shamanic healing’. These acts are situated within the ‘native lands’—waterways, forests, settlements—hidden within modern landscapes in urban environments. The outcomes demonstrate how performative moments within native and urban landscapes, and spaces of becoming, can influence architecture and art practices, and design-thinking in relation to the collective ‘others’ of the urban: women, multi-species, native, material, and immaterial beings. This project is detailed and reflected upon through autoethnographic writing and recording, and provides other creative practitioners with alternative ways of knowing and creating in response to urban spaces in posthuman era.
New Higgs mechanism from the lattice
Creators: name: Knechtli, F.
name: Irges, N.
name: Luz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous symmetry breaking has been observed in lattice simulations of five-dimensional gauge theories on an orbifold. This effect is reproduced by perturbation theory if it is modified to account for a finite cut-off. We present a comparison of lattice and analytic results for bulk gauge group SU(2).
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Presented at International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics (EPS-HEP2007), Manchester, England, 19-25 Jul 2007
Boundary conditions in random sequential adsorption
Creators: name: Cieśla, Michał
name: Ziff, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of different boundary conditions on the density of random packings of disks is studied. Packings are generated using the random sequential adsorption algorithm with three different types of boundary conditions: periodic, open, and wall. It is found that the finite size effects are smallest for periodic boundary conditions, as expected. On the other hand, in the case of open and wall boundaries it is possible to introduce an effective packing size and a constant correction term to significantly improve the packing densities.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Fluid and Diffusion Limits for Transient Sojourn Times of Processor Sharing Queues with Time Varying Rates
Creators: name: Hampshire, Robert C.
name: Harchol-Balter, Mor
name: Massey, William A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide an approximate analysis of the transient sojourn time for a processor sharing queue with time varying arrival and service rates, where the load can vary over time, including periods of overload. Using the same asymptotic technique as uniform acceleration as demonstrated in [12] and [13], we obtain fluid and diffusion limits for the sojourn time of the Mt/Mt/1 processor-sharing queue. Our analysis is enabled by the introduction of a “virtual customer” which differs from the notion of a “tagged customer” in that the former has no effect on the processing time of the other customers in the system. Our analysis generalizes to non-exponential service and interarrival times, when the fluid and diffusion limits for the queueing process are known.
Operational calculus for Fourier transform on the group $GL(2,R)$
Creators: name: Neretin, Yury A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E30, 22E46, 43A30, 43A85, 44A99

description: Consider the Fourier transform on the group $GL(2,R)$ of real $2\times 2$-matrices. We show that Fourier-images of polynomial differential operators on $GL(2,R)$ are differential-difference operators with coefficients meromorphic in parameters of representations. Expressions for operators contain shifts in imaginary direction with respect to the integration contour in the Plancherel formula. We present explicit formulas for images of partial derivations and multiplications by coordinates.
description: 9p
Flavorful leptoquarks at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Hiller, Gudrun
name: Loose, Dennis
name: Nisandzic, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $B$-physics data and flavor symmetries suggest that leptoquarks can have masses as low as few ${\cal{O}}(\mbox{TeV})$, predominantly decay to third generation quarks, and highlight $pp \to b μμ$ signatures from single production and $pp \to b b μμ$ from pair production. Abandoning flavor symmetries could allow for inverted quark hierarchies, and cause sizable $pp \to j μμ$ and $jj μμ$ cross sections, induced by second generation couplings. Final states with leptons other than muons including lepton flavor violation (LFV) ones can also arise. The corresponding couplings can also be probed by precision studies of the $B \to (X_s, K^*,ϕ) ee $ distribution and LFV searches in $B$-decays. We demonstrate sensitivity in single leptoquark production for the LHC and extrapolate to the high luminosity HL-LHC. Exploration of the bulk of the phase space requires a hadron collider beyond the reach of the LHC, with $b$-identification capabilities.
description: 17 pages
Final model independent result of DAMA/LIBRA-phase1
Creators: name: Bernabei, R.
name: Belli, P.
name: Cappella, F.
name: Caracciolo, V.
name: Castellano, S.
name: Cerulli, R.
name: Dai, C. J.
name: d'Angelo, A.
name: d'Angelo, S.
name: Di Marco, A.
name: He, H. L.
name: Incicchitti, A.
name: Kuang, H. H.
name: Ma, X. H.
name: Montecchia, F.
name: Prosperi, D.
name: Sheng, X. D.
name: Wang, R. G.
name: Ye, Z. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results obtained with the total exposure of 1.04 ton x yr collected by DAMA/LIBRA-phase1 deep underground at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS) of the I.N.F.N. during 7 annual cycles (i.e. adding a further 0.17 ton x yr exposure) are presented. The DAMA/LIBRA-phase1 data give evidence for the presence of Dark Matter (DM) particles in the galactic halo, on the basis of the exploited model independent DM annual modulation signature by using highly radio-pure NaI(Tl) target, at 7.5 sigma C.L.. Including also the first generation DAMA/NaI experiment (cumulative exposure 1.33 ton x yr, corresponding to 14 annual cycles), the C.L. is 9.3 sigma and the modulation amplitude of the single-hit events in the (2-6) keV energy interval is: (0.0112 \pm 0.0012) cpd/kg/keV; the measured phase is (144 \pm 7) days and the measured period is (0.998 \pm 0.002) yr, values well in agreement with those expected for DM particles. No systematic or side reaction able to mimic the exploited DM signature has been found or suggested by anyone over more than a decade.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, 6 tables; in publication on Eur. Phys. J. C
Quantum Discord and entropic measures of quantum correlations: Optimization and behavior in finite $XY$ spin chains
Creators: name: Canosa, N.
name: Cerezo, M.
name: Gigena, N.
name: Rossignoli, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a generalization of the conditional entropy and one-way information deficit in quantum systems, based on general entropic forms. The formalism allows to consider simple entropic forms for which a closed evaluation of the associated optimization problem in qudit-qubit systems is shown to become feasible, allowing to approximate that of the quantum discord. As application, we examine quantum correlations of spin pairs in the exact ground state of finite $XY$ spin chains in a magnetic field through the quantum discord and information deficit. While these quantities show a similar behavior, their optimizing measurements exhibit significant differences, which can be understood and predicted through the previous approximations. The remarkable behavior of these quantities in the vicinity of transverse and non-transverse factorizing fields is also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Distribution of avian influenza viruses according to environmental surveillance during 2014–2018, China
Creators: name: Bo, Hong
name: Zhang, Ye
name: Dong, Li-Bo
name: Dong, Jie
name: Li, Xi-Yan
name: Zhao, Xiang
name: Li, Zi
name: Shu, Yue-Long
name: Wang, Da-Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer and probe sequences used in the detection of influenza virus. Table S2. The average nucleic acid positivity rate of influenza A, H5, H7 and H9 in different provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. Table S2-a, S2-b, S2-c, S2-d indicated the average nucleic acid positivity rate of influenza A, H5, H7 and H9 respectively. Table S3. The monthly nucleic acid positivity rate of influenza A, H5, H7 and H9 in environmental samples related poultry during 2014–2018. Table S4. Proportion of virus subtypes isolated from environmental samples during 2014–2018.
Renormalisability of the 2PI-Hartree approximation of multicomponent scalar models in the broken symmetry phase
Creators: name: Fejos, G.
name: Patkos, A.
name: Szep, Zs.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-perturbative renormalisation of a general class of scalar field theories is performed at the Hartree level truncation of the 2PI effective action in the broken symmetry regime. Renormalised equations are explicitly constructed for the one- and two-point functions. The non-perturbative counterterms are deduced from the conditions for the cancellation of the overall and the subdivergences in the complete Hartree-Dyson-Schwinger equations, with a transparent method. The procedure proposed in the present paper is shown to be equivalent to the iterative renormalisation method of Blaizot et al., Nucl. Phys. A736 (2004) 149.
description: 21 pages, no figures, version accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys. A
Observations of an Eruptive Solar Flare in the Extended EUV Solar Corona
Creators: name: Seaton, Daniel B.
name: Darnel, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of a powerful solar eruption, accompanied by an X8.2 solar flare, from NOAA Active Region 12673 on 2017 September 10 by the Solar Ultraviolet Imager (SUVI) on the GOES-16 spacecraft. SUVI is noteworthy for its relatively large field of view, which allows it to image solar phenomena to heights approaching 2 solar radii. These observations include the detection of an apparent current sheet associated with magnetic reconnection in the wake of the eruption and evidence of an extreme-ultraviolet wave at some of the largest heights ever reported. We discuss the acceleration of the nascent coronal mass ejection to approximately 2000 km/s at about 1.5 solar radii. We compare these observations with models of eruptions and eruption-related phenomena. We also describe the SUVI data and discuss how the scientific community can access SUVI observations of the event.
description: Supplementary online material for several channels can be found under the event_movies directory in each of the channel directories via this: https://data.ngdc.noaa.gov/platforms/solar-space-observing-satellites/goes/goes16/l1b/
Induced higher-derivative Lorentz-violating Chern-Simons term at finite temperature
Creators: name: Leite, J.
name: Mariz, T.
name: Serafim, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we analyze the generation of the higher-derivative Lorentz-violating Chern-Simons term at zero temperature and at finite temperature. We use the method of derivative expansion and the Matsubara formalism in order to consider the finite temperature effects. The results show that at zero temperature the induced higher-derivative Chern-Simons term is nonzero; in contrast, when the temperature reaches infinity, the coefficients of the induced term vanish. In addition, we also briefly study the question of large gauge invariance of this higher-derivative term as we as the conventional Chern-Simons term. We compute the exact induced action for both terms at finite temperature, however, in a particular gauge field background, and observe that they are, in fact, invariant under large gauge transformation.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
title: Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite observations of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 and Deep Impact
Creators: name: Bensch, F
name: Melnick, GJ
name: Neufeld, DA
name: Harwit, M
name: Snell, Ronald L.
name: Patten, BM
name: Tolls, V
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Comet Tempel-1
subject: radiative transfer
subject: radio observations
subject: comets
subject: coma
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: On 4 July 2005 at 5:52 UT the Deep Impact mission successfully completed its goal to hit the nucleus of 9P/Tempel 1 with an impactor, forming a crater on the nucleus and ejecting material into the coma of the comet. NASA's Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite (SWAS) observed the 110–101 ortho-water ground-state rotational transition in Comet 9P/Tempel 1 before, during, and after the impact. No excess emission from the impact was detected by SWAS and we derive an upper limit of 1.8×107 kg on the water ice evaporated by the impact. However, the water production rate of the comet showed large natural variations of more than a factor of three during the weeks before and after the impact. Episodes of increased activity with alternated with periods with low outgassing (). We estimate that 9P/Tempel 1 vaporized a total of N4.5×1034 water molecules (1.3×109 kg) during June–September 2005. Our observations indicate that only a small fraction of the nucleus of Tempel 1 appears to be covered with active areas. Water vapor is expected to emanate predominantly from topographic features periodically facing the Sun as the comet rotates. We calculate that appreciable asymmetries of these features could lead to a spin-down or spin-up of the nucleus at observable rates.
Conformal invariance of dimer heights on isoradial double graphs
Creators: name: Li, Zhongyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An isoradial graph is a planar graph in which each face is inscribable into a circle of common radius. We study the 2-dimensional perfect matchings on a bipartite isoradial graph, obtained from the union of an isoradial graph and its interior dual graph. Using the isoradial graph to approximate a simply-connected domain bounded by a simple closed curve, by letting the mesh size go to zero, we prove that in the scaling limit, the distribution of height is conformally invariant and converges to a Gaussian free field.
H2O MegaMasers: a RadioAstron success story
Creators: name: Baan, Willem
name: Alakoz, Alexey
name: An, Tao
name: Ellingsen, Simon
name: Henkel, Christian
name: Imai, Hiroshi
name: Kostenko, Vladimir
name: Litovchenko, Ivan
name: Moran, James
name: Sobolev, Andrej
name: Tolmachev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The RadioAstron space-VLBI mission has successfully detected extragalactic H2O MegaMaser emission regions at very long Earth to space baselines ranging between 1.4 and 26.7 Earth Diameters (ED). The preliminary results for two galaxies, NGC3079 and NGC4258, at baselines longer than one ED indicate masering environments and excitation conditions in these galaxies that are distinctly different. Further observations of NGC4258 at longer baselines will reveal more of the physics of individual emission regions.
description: To be published in Astrophysical Masers: Unlocking the Mysteries of the Universe, IAU Symposium 336, 2017
Hyperbolicity and Cubulability Are Preserved Under Elementary Equivalence
Creators: name: André, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The following properties are preserved under elementary equivalence, among finitely generated groups: being hyperbolic (possibly with torsion), being hyperbolic and cubulable, and being a subgroup of a hyperbolic group. In other words, if a finitely generated group G has the same first-order theory as a group possessing one of the previous property, then G enjoys this property as well.
Patterns of flavor signals in supersymmetric models
Creators: name: Goto, Toru
name: Okada, Yasuhiro
name: Shindou, Tetsuo
name: Tanaka, Minoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quark and lepton flavor signals are studied in four supersymmetric models, namely the minimal supergravity model, the minimal supersymmetric standard model with right-handed neutrinos, SU(5) supersymmetric grand unified theory with right-handed neutrinos and the minimal supersymmetric standard model with U(2) flavor symmetry. We calculate b --> s(d) transition observables in B_d and B_s decays, taking the constraint from the B_s--B_s-bar mixing recently observed at Tevatron into account. We also calculate lepton flavor violating processes mu --> e gamma, tau --> mu gamma and tau --> e gamma for the models with right-handed neutrinos. We investigate possibilities to distinguish the flavor structure of the supersymmetry breaking sector with use of patterns of various flavor signals which are expected to be measured in experiments such as MEG, LHCb and a future Super B Factory.
description: 52 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables
Recurrence based quantification of dynamical complexity in the Earth's magnetosphere at geospace storm timescales
Creators: name: Donner, Reik V.
name: Balasis, Georgios
name: Stolbova, Veronika
name: Georgiou, Marina
name: Wiedermann, Marc
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic storms are the most prominent global manifestations of out-of-equilibrium magnetospheric dynamics. Investigating the dynamical complexity exhibited by geomagnetic observables can provide valuable insights into relevant physical processes as well as temporal scales associated with this phenomenon. In this work, we utilize several innovative data analysis techniques enabling a quantitative nonlinear analysis of the nonstationary behavior of the disturbance storm time (Dst) index together with some of the main drivers of its temporal variability, the $VB_{South}$ electric field component, the vertical component of the interplanetary magnetic field, $B_z$, and the dynamic pressure of the solar wind, $P_{dyn}$. Using recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) and recurrence network analysis (RNA), we obtain several complementary complexity measures that serve as markers of different physical processes underlying quiet and storm time magnetospheric dynamics. Specifically, our approach discriminates the magnetospheric activity in response to external (solar wind) forcing from primarily internal variability and provides a physically meaningful classification of magnetic storm periods based on observations made at the Earth's surface. In this regard, the proposed methodology could provide a relevant step towards future improved space weather and magnetic storm forecasts.
Integral representation for scattering phase shifts via the phase-amplitude approach
Creators: name: Shu, D.
name: Simbotin, I.
name: Côté, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel integral representation for scattering phase shifts is obtained based on a modified version of Milne's phase-amplitude approach [W.E. Milne, Phys. Rev. $\mathbf{35}$, 863 (1930)]. We replace Milne's nonlinear differential equation for the amplitude function $y$ with an equivalent linear equation for the envelope $ρ=y^2$, which renders the integral representations highly amenable to numerical implementations. The phase shift is obtained directly from Milne's phase function, which in turn is expressed in terms of the envelope function. The integral representation presented in this work is fully general and it can be used for any type of scattering potential, including the Coulomb potential.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
First-Order Algorithm with O(ln(1/ε)) Convergence for -Equilibrium in Two-Person Zero-Sum Games
Creators: name: Gilpin, Andrew
name: Pena, Javier
name: Sandholm, Tuomas W
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer Science Department
Normal-mode-based analysis of electron plasma waves with second-order Hermitian formalism
Creators: name: Ramos, Jesus J.
name: White, Ryan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classic problem of the dynamic evolution of Langmuir electron waves in a collisionless plasma and their Landau damping is cast as a second-order, self-adjoint problem with a continuum spectrum of real and positive squared frequencies. The corresponding complete basis of singular normal modes is obtained, along with their orthogonality relation. This yields easily the general expression of the time-reversal-invariant solution for any initial-value problem. An example is given for a specific initial condition that illustrates the Landau damping of the macroscopic moments of the perturbation.
description: 7 pages
Determination of the upper and lower bound of masslimit of degenerate fermionic dark matter objects
Creators: name: Kupi, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a gravitational upper limit for the mass of static degenerate fermionic dark matter objects. The treatment we use includes fully relativistic equations for describing the static solutions of these objects. We study the influence of the annihilation of the particles on this mass limit. We give the change of its value over the age of the Universe with annihilation cross sections relevant for such fermions constituting the dark matter. Our calculations take into account the possibility of Dirac as well Majorana spinors.
title: The Extraterritorial Impact of EU Digital Regulations:  How Can the EU Minimise Adverse Effects for the  Neighbourhood?
Creators: name: Erixon, Fredrik
name: Lamprecht, Philipp
name: van der Marel, Erik
name: Sisto, Elena
name: Zilli, Renata
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01wj9hk44
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: Data regulation
Data privacy
EU neighbourhood
Neighbourhood relations
European Union

description: The paper explores the impact of EU data protection laws, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) or the Digital Markets Act (DMA), on trade relations with neighbouring regions. It delves into the "Brussels Effect" on EU's neighbouring countries amid rising geopolitical tensions, assessing the extraterritorial influence of EU regulations on trade with regions such as the Western Balkans, Turkey, Eastern Partnership countries, and the Southern Neighbourhood. The paper proposes methods to alleviate the regulatory burden on these areas, which is vital for the EU's ambition to maintain regional influence in competition with rivals like China.

As part of a Bertelsmann Stiftung's series under the "Sovereign Europe: Strategic Management of Global Interdependence" project, the publication follows the paper on the impact of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM).

The research was conducted in partnership with the European Centre for International Political Economy (ECIPE).
Synergistic effects of geldanamycin with fluconazole are associated with reactive oxygen species in Candida tropicalis resistant to azoles and amphotericin B
Creators: name: Jia, Chang
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Zhuge, Yingzhi
name: Xu, Ke
name: Liu, Jiahui
name: Wang, Jinle
name: Li, Lei
name: Chu, Maoping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: With a significant increase in the incidence of system invasive fungal infections, the limited antifungal drugs and increased frequency of cross-resistance make it necessary to explore new and effective therapeutic strategies. Combination drug therapy has become one widely used choice to alleviate this problem. Geldanamycin (GdA), as an inhibitor of Hsp90, displayed broad antifungal activity when combined with fluconazole. However, due to its cytotoxicity, the dose and duration of GdA is limited. In this study, we observed the effect of fluconazole plus GdA on Candida tropicalis resistant to azoles and amphotericin B. The results showed that this synergism led to a decrease in growth and survival rate. In addition, fluconazole combined with GdA caused mitochondrial depolarisation, disruption of plasma membrane integrity and multinucleated morphology. However, the supplement of a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), rescued the above phenotypes. This study indicated that the oxidative stress mediated by fluconazole plus GdA played an important role in the antifungal activity, and targeting oxidative stress might extend target choices to treat fungal infections.
Learning to Rank for Blind Image Quality Assessment
Creators: name: Gao, Fei
name: Tao, Dacheng
name: Gao, Xinbo
name: Li, Xuelong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blind image quality assessment (BIQA) aims to predict perceptual image quality scores without access to reference images. State-of-the-art BIQA methods typically require subjects to score a large number of images to train a robust model. However, subjective quality scores are imprecise, biased, and inconsistent, and it is challenging to obtain a large scale database, or to extend existing databases, because of the inconvenience of collecting images, training the subjects, conducting subjective experiments, and realigning human quality evaluations. To combat these limitations, this paper explores and exploits preference image pairs (PIPs) such as "the quality of image $I_a$ is better than that of image $I_b$" for training a robust BIQA model. The preference label, representing the relative quality of two images, is generally precise and consistent, and is not sensitive to image content, distortion type, or subject identity; such PIPs can be generated at very low cost. The proposed BIQA method is one of learning to rank. We first formulate the problem of learning the mapping from the image features to the preference label as one of classification. In particular, we investigate the utilization of a multiple kernel learning algorithm based on group lasso (MKLGL) to provide a solution. A simple but effective strategy to estimate perceptual image quality scores is then presented. Experiments show that the proposed BIQA method is highly effective and achieves comparable performance to state-of-the-art BIQA algorithms. Moreover, the proposed method can be easily extended to new distortion categories.