cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ground-state properties of trapped Bose-Einstein condensates: Extension of the Thomas-Fermi approximation
Creators: name: Mateo, A. Muñoz
name: Delgado, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive general approximate formulas that provide with remarkable accuracy the ground-state properties of any mean-field scalar Bose-Einstein condensate with short-range repulsive interatomic interactions, confined in arbitrary cylindrically symmetric harmonic traps. Our formulation is even applicable for condensates containing a multiply quantized axisymmetric vortex. We have checked the validity of our formulas by numerically solving the 3D Gross-Pitaevskii equation.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Final version published in Phys. Rev. A. New formulas for the local sound velocity of cigar-shaped and disk-shaped condensates have been obtained. This paper generalizes our previous work cond-mat/0701695
Un Grb così potente da perturbare l’alta ionosfera
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Rivelata per la prima volta una forte perturbazione della parte più alta della ionosfera terrestre generata da un lampo di raggi gamma, grazie ai dati del satellite Integral dell’Agenzia spaziale europea e del sino-italiano Cses-01. Uno studio guidato da ricercatori dell’Istituto nazionale di astrofisica in collaborazione con l’Istituto nazionale di fisica nucleare, l’Agenzia spaziale italiana e diverse università italiane
Pseudorhicnoessa spinipes Malloch
Creators: name: Mailoch, J. R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1942
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Canacidae
Pseudorhicnoessa
Pseudorhicnoessa spinipes

description: Pseudorhicnoessa spinipes Malloch, Mus. Nat. Hung., Ann. 12: 307, 1914. Originally described from Formosa. In the present collection there are specimens from Agat and Inarajan, those from Inarajan collected on seaweed, Usinger. This species may occur on the seashore of other islands in the Indo­ Australian region, but collecting on the proper locations will be essential to the discovery of specimens as they seldom leave their special habitat. A series of both sexes of this species shows that there is but little variation in either color or structure from my description of the female type specimen. It may be noted here, however, that I omitted mention in my description of a series of short, fine, erect, closely placed stiff hairs on the apical third or more of the anteroventral surface of the fore femora.
description: Published as part of Mailoch, J. R., 1942, Trypetidae, Otitidae, Helomyzidae, And Clusiidae of Guam (Diptera), pp. 201-210 in Insects of Guam I, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum on page 209, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5163626
Wellcome annotated DMP template
Creators: name: Jones, Beverley
name: Gould, Paula
name: Palmer, Ian
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160511 Research, Science and Technology Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This is an annotated data (or outputs) management plan template for a Wellcome grant application.
This document (available in .pdf and .docx formats) was created using DMPonline (University of Sheffield version), which provides templates for structuring major research funder DMPs. The document includes guidance text produced by the Digital Curation Centre (DCC), Wellcome and the University of Sheffield Library (see References below).

Wellcome advises that an outputs management plan should be clear and concise; proportionate to the scale of the outputs generated and their likely level of value beyond the project; focused on how outputs will advance potential health benefits; structured to address the key issues [in the template]. The plan should be reviewed and adapted as the research progresses to ensure outputs deliver the greatest health benefit.

See References below for further information.
ACROPOLIS: A generiC fRamework fOr Photodisintegration Of LIght elementS
Creators: name: Depta, Paul Frederik
name: Hufnagel, Marco
name: Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The remarkable agreement between observations of the primordial light element abundances and the corresponding theoretical predictions within the standard cosmological history provides a powerful method to constrain physics beyond the standard model of particle physics (BSM). For a given BSM model these primordial element abundances are generally determined by (i) Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and (ii) possible subsequent disintegration processes. The latter potentially change the abundances due to late-time high-energy injections which may be present in these scenarios. While there are a number of public codes for the first part, no such code is currently available for the second. Here we close this gap and present ACROPOLIS, A generiC fRamework fOr Photodisintegration Of LIght elementS. The widely discussed cases of decays as well as annihilations can be run without prior coding knowledge within example programs. Furthermore, due to its modular structure, ACROPOLIS can easily be extended also to other scenarios.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; source code at https://github.com/skumblex/acropolis; contains material from arXiv:1808.09324
Dark Matter Searches with GLAST
Creators: name: Wai, Lawrence
name: Collaboration, GLAST LAT
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Indirect detection of particle dark matter relies upon pair annihilation of Weakly Interaction Massive Particles (WIMPs), which is complementary to the well known techniques of direct detection (WIMP-nucleus scattering) and collider production (WIMP pair production). Pair annihilation of WIMPs results in the production of gamma-rays, neutrinos, and anti-matter. Of the various experiments sensitive to indirect detection of dark matter, the Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST) may play the most crucial role in the next few years. After launch in late 2007, The GLAST Large Area Telescope (LAT) will survey the gamma-ray sky in the energy range of 20MeV-300GeV. By eliminating charged particle background above 100 MeV, GLAST may be sensitive to as yet to be observed Milky Way dark matter subhalos, as well as WIMP pair annihilation spectral lines from the Milky Way halo. Discovery of gamma-ray signals from dark matter in the Milky Way would not only demonstrate the particle nature of dark matter; it would also open a new observational window on galactic dark matter substructure. Location of new dark matter sources by GLAST would dramatically alter the experimental landscape; ground based gamma ray telescopes could follow up on the new GLAST sources with precision measurements of the WIMP pair annihilation spectrum.
description: SUSY06 proceedings (invited talk)
From Toluene to Polyquinane natural products
Creators: name: Bon, David Jean-Yves Denis
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Toluene
subject: Quinanes
subject: Chemistry, Organic
subject: Polycyclic compounds
subject: X-ray crystallography

description: This thesis is comprised of five scientific articles and is preceded by an overview that contextualises all of the published work. The focus of the work was the development of chemoenzymatic total syntheses of several key members of the hirsutene-class of triquinane natural products from the enantiomerically pure cis-dihydrocatechol A, itself obtained through the whole-cell biotransformation of the simple aromatic compound toluene. Thus, singlehandedly, and using a combination of Diels-Alder cycloaddition and photochemically-promoted oxa-di-pi-methane (ODPM) rearrangement steps, the author has been able to convert metabolite A into the highly oxygenated triquinanes connatusin A and connatusin B. In addition he has been able to devise related methods for the synthesis of compounds D and E, the acquisition of which constitute formal total syntheses of hypnophillin and coriolin. Publication 1 of the thesis is a review article that describes how cis-dihydrocatechols such as A are produced and exploited in chemoenzymatic synthesis while Publication 2, a forthcoming book chapter, provides a survey of the applications of the ODPM and the related di-pi-methane (DPM) rearrangement reactions to the assembly of otherwise inaccessible frameworks, including those associated with polyquinanes. Publications 3, 4 and 5 are journal articles that detail the author's successfully completed total syntheses of triquinanes B, C, D and E. The Appendices to the thesis are comprised of a series reports arising from single-crystal X-ray analyses of certain key compounds synthesised by the Author. These analyses were conducted by Dr Anthony Willis, Dr Ian Cade or Mr Jas Ward, members of the Research School of Chemistry's Crystallographic Analysis Unit.
Government archivists’ perceptions about their responsibilities to citizens and to government : "simply a matter of serving those around us"?
Creators: name: McClure, Susan Margaret
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Government archivists serve more than one interest. They are responsible to citizens, as the source of democratic power, and they are responsible to government, as their employer, and as the creator of the records through which government is held accountable to citizens. This thesis explores the role that archives and archivists can play in support of democratic accountability, and traces the historical development of archivists' perceptions of that role. Examples of conflict between serving citizens and serving the state are explored to demonstrate the potential for conflict in the work of government archivists. How government archivists perceive their responsibilities determines the role that archivists and thus archives play in democratic society. It also determines how archivists deal with the conflicts that can arise because of the dual nature of their responsibilities. Seven government archivists were interviewed about their perceptions of their responsibilities and role as public servants in a democratic state, and about their experiences with incidents when their responsibilities were in conflict. The interviews also explored the following factors that determine how government archivists fulfil their role: the expectations and restrictions put on public servants; the level of professional autonomy granted to government archivists as public servants; the predominance of economic determinism within government administrations; the attitude of the archival profession toward activism and advocacy; and the need for a watchdog over government record-keeping. The findings of the interviews led to the conclusion that archivists need to articulate a strong, common language of purpose that emphasizes the importance of preserving and providing access to archives as the evidence of the actions of government administration. This strength, when accompanied by a clear understanding of the political nature of archival work, will help government archivists deal with the constraints and conflicts of their position within government and within society.
A full-chain tube-based constitutive model for living linear polymers
Creators: name: Peterson, Joseph D.
name: Cates, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new strategy for introducing population balances into full-chain constitutive models of living polymers with linear chain architectures. We provide equations to describe a range of stress relaxation processes covering both unentangled systems (Rouse-like motion) and well entangled systems (reptation, contour length fluctuations, chain retraction, and constraint release). Special attention is given to the solutions that emerge when the 'breaking time' of the chain becomes fast compared to various stress relaxation processes. In these 'fast breaking' limits, we reproduce previously known results (with some corrections) and also present new results for nonlinear stress relaxation dynamics. Our analysis culminates with a fully developed constitutive model for the fast breaking regime in which stress relaxation is dominated by contour length fluctuations. Linear and nonlinear rheology predictions of the model are presented and discussed.
description: 57 pages, 33 figures
Anche i quasar giocano a nascondino
Creators: Federica Loiacono
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Un gruppo di ricercatori dell’Università di Durham ha scoperto che il gas e le polveri presenti nelle galassie che stanno intensamente formando stelle potrebbero giocare un ruolo determinante nel nascondere la radiazione emessa dai quasar, rendendoli difficili da stanare. Lo studio su Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
GAS-Norm: Score-Driven Adaptive Normalization for Non-Stationary Time Series Forecasting in Deep Learning
Creators: name: Urettini, Edoardo
name: Atzeni, Daniele
name: Ramjattan, Reshawn J.
name: Carta, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite their popularity, deep neural networks (DNNs) applied to time series forecasting often fail to beat simpler statistical models. One of the main causes of this suboptimal performance is the data non-stationarity present in many processes. In particular, changes in the mean and variance of the input data can disrupt the predictive capability of a DNN. In this paper, we first show how DNN forecasting models fail in simple non-stationary settings. We then introduce GAS-Norm, a novel methodology for adaptive time series normalization and forecasting based on the combination of a Generalized Autoregressive Score (GAS) model and a Deep Neural Network. The GAS approach encompasses a score-driven family of models that estimate the mean and variance at each new observation, providing updated statistics to normalize the input data of the deep model. The output of the DNN is eventually denormalized using the statistics forecasted by the GAS model, resulting in a hybrid approach that leverages the strengths of both statistical modeling and deep learning. The adaptive normalization improves the performance of the model in non-stationary settings. The proposed approach is model-agnostic and can be applied to any DNN forecasting model. To empirically validate our proposal, we first compare GAS-Norm with other state-of-the-art normalization methods. We then combine it with state-of-the-art DNN forecasting models and test them on real-world datasets from the Monash open-access forecasting repository. Results show that deep forecasting models improve their performance in 21 out of 25 settings when combined with GAS-Norm compared to other normalization methods.
description: Accepted at CIKM '24
Semi-supervised Learning with Imbalanced Class in Medical Image
Creators: name: Huynh, Thanh Tri
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80106 Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Applied Computer Science

description: Submitted in total fulfilment for the degree of Master of Science to the Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Victoria.
Transient magnetoconductivity of photoexcited electrons
Creators: name: Raichev, O. E.
name: Vasko, F. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient magnetotransport of two-dimensional electrons with partially-inverted distribution excited by an ultrashort optical pulse is studied theoretically. The time-dependent photoconductivity is calculated for GaAs-based quantum wells by taking into account the relaxation of electron distribution caused by non-elastic electron-phonon interaction and the retardation of the response due to momentum relaxation and due to a finite capacitance of the sample. We predict large-amplitude transient oscillations of the current density and Hall field (Hall oscillations) with frequencies corresponding to magnetoplasmon range, which are initiated by the instability owing to the absolute negative conductivity effect.
description: 21 pages, 6 figs
Src inhibitors act through different mechanisms in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Models depending on EGFR and RAS
mutational status
Creators: name: Marciano, Roberta
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide.EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs)gefitinib, erlotinib and afatinib, are approved in first line for metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with sensitizing epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Intrinsic or acquired resistance to EGFR often related to RAS or secondary EGFR mutations, is a relevant clinical issue in NSCLC management. Although Src TK has been involved in such resistance in preclinical models, clinical development of Src inhibitors has been so far limited and unsuccessful in NSCLC therapy. 	
To better define the molecular targets of the Src TKIs saracatinib, dasatinib and bosutinib, we used a variety of techniques including kinase assays, molecular modelling analysis, and in vitro/in vivo studies on NSCLC cell lines with different EGFR/RAS mutational profile and EGFR sensitivity to EGFR TKIs.
Kinase inhibition assays supported by docking analysis demonstrated that all the compounds are able to directly inhibit not only Src, but also EGFR TK variants. However, in cell lysates only saracatinib efficiently reduced EGFR activation, while dasatinib was the most effective agent in inhibiting Src TK. Consistently, in EGFR-activating mutant, erlotinib sensitive cells, saracatinib showed anti-proliferative effects due to possible EGFR inhibition. In EGFR wt/RAS mutant cells, poorly dependent on EGFR activation and thus erlotinib resistant, Src inhibition by dasatinib interfered with cell proliferation and signal transduction. Based on these assumptions, we tested the following combinations: in EGFR-addicted cells, saracatinib with anti-EGFR drugs. (erlotinib or cetuximab), and in RAS mutant, erlotinib resistant models, dasatanib with the MEK inhibitor selumetinib. These combinations were effective both in vitro and in nude mice, inhibiting tumor growth, prolonging mice survival and interfering with signal transduction. Importantly, the combination of saracatanib and cetuximab was effective also in condition of T790M dependent EGFR resistance. 
In conclusion, Src inhibitors may act with different mechanisms,  in NSCLC cell lines, depending on EGFR/RAS mutational profile. Integration of anti-Src agents with EGFR or MEK inhibitors could represent an effective therapeutic option for different cohorts of NSCLC patients.
Production experiment, subject 58
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 64-year-old female. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
Ossigeno su Marte? Ci pensa il robot “AI-chimista”
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Si chiama AI-chemist. È un piccolo robot dotato di intelligenza artificiale e promette di risolvere il problema dell’ossigeno ai futuri colonizzatori di Marte. Tra i moduli di cui è dotato c’è infatti una sorta di “cervello” che, sulla base degli elementi chimici disponibili in un campione di suolo marziano, è capace di sintetizzare il più performante catalizzatore per la produzione di ossigeno sul pianeta
Ecuador’s mangrove forest carbon stocks: A spatiotemporal analysis of living carbon holdings and their depletion since the advent of commercial aquaculture
Creators: name: Hamilton, Stuart E.
name: Lovette, John
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2015
Subjects: Mangrove forest cover
Ecuador
Geoscience

description: In this paper we estimate the living carbon lost from Ecuador’s mangrove forests since the advent of export-focused shrimp aquaculture. We use remote sensing techniques to delineate the extent of mangroves and aquaculture at approximately decadal periods since the arrival of aquaculture in each Ecuadorian estuary. We then spatiotemporally calculate the carbon values of the mangrove forests and estimate the amount of carbon lost due to direct displacement by aquaculture. Additionally, we calculate the new carbon stocks generated due to mangrove reforestation or afforestation. This research introduces time and LUCC (land use / land cover change) into the tropical forest carbon literature and examines forest carbon loss at a higher spatiotemporal resolution than in many earlier analyses. We find that 80 percent, or 7,014,517 t of the living carbon lost in Ecuadorian mangrove forests can be attributed to direct displacement of mangrove forests by shrimp aquaculture. We also find that IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) compliant carbon grids within Ecuador’s estuaries overestimate living carbon levels in estuaries where substantial LUCC has occurred. By approaching the mangrove forest carbon loss question from a LUCC perspective, these findings allow for tropical nations and other intervention agents to prioritize and target a limited set of land transitions that likely drive the majority of carbon losses. This singular cause of transition has implications for programs that attempt to offset or limit future forest carbon losses and place value on forest carbon or other forest good and services.
On the spectral theory and dynamics of asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds
Creators: name: Rowlett, Julie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37D40, 58J50, 53C22

description: We present a brief survey of the spectral theory and dynamics of infinite volume asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds. Beginning with their geometry and examples, we proceed to their spectral and scattering theories, dynamics, and the physical description of their quantum and classical mechanics. We conclude with a discussion of recent results, ideas, and conjectures.
description: This is a preliminary version of the article published in Annales de l'Institut Fourier. The final version is freely available online!
Production experiment, subject 57
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 65-year-old female. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
Wellcome Annotated DMP Template
Creators: name: Jones, Beverley
name: Gould, Paula
name: Palmer, Ian
Publisher: name: The University of Sheffield
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 160511 Research, Science and Technology Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Please note that this template has been superseded by a new funder version which will be uploaded shortly

This is an annotated data management plan (DMP) template for a Wellcome Trust grant application output management plan.
This document (available in .pdf and .docx formats) was created using the DMPonline tool, which provides templates for structuring major research funders' DMPs. The document includes the guidance text provided in the tool, produced by the Digital Curation Centre (DCC), the Wellcome Trust and the University of Sheffield Library.
Wellcome Trust expects the researchers they fund to manage research outputs in a way that will achieve the greatest health benefit. This may involve making outputs widely available or using intellectual property (IP) as a tool to help protect and commercialise an original idea, product or technology. Anyone applying for Wellcome funding must consider their approach to managing and sharing anticipated outputs at the research proposal stage. In cases where these outputs are significant – generating data, software or materials that will hold clear value as a resource for others in academia or industry – applicants will need to include an outputs management plan explaining their planned approach. Wellcome will review this plan when making the funding decision and will fund any justified costs for delivering the plan as part of funding the research. Wellcome do not dictate a set format for data management and sharing plans where they are required: applicants can structure their plan in a manner most appropriate to the proposed research.
For more information, see the Wellcome Trust Policy on data, software and materials management and sharing and Wellcome Trust guidance on developing an outputs management plan.
The DCC also provides guidance on Data management Plans and How to Develop a Data Management and Sharing Plan.
The search for Milky Way halo substructure WIMP annihilations using the GLAST LAT
Creators: name: Wai, Lawrence
name: Collaboration, GLAST LAT
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The GLAST LAT Collaboration is one among several experimental groups, covering a wide range of approaches, pursuing the search for the nature of dark matter. The GLAST LAT has the unique ability to find new sources of high energy gamma radiation emanating directly from WIMP annihilations in situ in the universe. Using it's wide band spectral and full sky spatial capabilities, the GLAST LAT can form "images" in high energy gamma-rays of dark matter substructures in the gamma-ray sky. We describe a preliminary feasibility study for indirect detection of Milky Way dark matter satellites using the GLAST LAT.
description: DM06 Proceedings (contributed talk)
Boccata d’ossigeno per il Seti
Creators: Albino Carbognani
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Il Seti Institute manda avanti la ricerca di intelligenze extraterrestri basandosi esclusivamente su finanziamenti privati. La donazione filantropica, ricevuta di recente, di 200 milioni di dollari da parte di Franklin Antonio – cofondatore di Qualcomm, venuto a mancare lo scorso maggio – permetterà di portare avanti il progetto Seti senza problemi anche per i prossimi anni
An accurate equation for the gravitational bending of light by a static massive object
Creators: name: del Barco, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact analytical expression for the bending angle of light due to a non-rotating massive object, considering the actual distances from source and observer to the gravitational mass, is derived. Our novel formula generalizes Darwin well-known equation for gravitational light bending [Proc. R. Soc. London A 263, 39-50 (1961)], where both source and observer are placed at infinite distance from the lensing mass, and provides excellent results in comparison with the post Newtonian (PPN) formalism up to first order. As a result, the discrepancy between our recent expression and the PPN approach is 6.6 mas for sun-grazing beams coming from planet Mercury, with significant differences up to 2 mas for distant starlight. Our findings suggest that these considerations should not be dismissed for both solar system objects and extragalactic sources, where non-negligible errors might be present in ultraprecise astrometry calculations.
description: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Deep Learning for Recognizing Mobile Targets in Satellite Imagery
Creators: name: Pritt, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is an increasing demand for software that automatically detects and classifies mobile targets such as airplanes, cars, and ships in satellite imagery. Applications of such automated target recognition (ATR) software include economic forecasting, traffic planning, maritime law enforcement, and disaster response. This paper describes the extension of a convolutional neural network (CNN) for classification to a sliding window algorithm for detection. It is evaluated on mobile targets of the xView dataset, on which it achieves detection and classification accuracies higher than 95%.
description: 7 pages, 15 figures, 2018 IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR)
Rapidity and pt dependence of identified-particle elliptic flow at RHIC
Creators: name: Sanders, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elliptic flow has been measured by the BRAHMS experiment as a function of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity for the Au+Au reaction at sqrt[s_{NN}] = 200 GeV. Identified-particle v2 (eta, pt) values were obtained with the two BRAHMS spectrometers at pseudorapidities eta approximately equal to 0, 1, and 3.4. The results show that the differential v2(eta, pt) values for a given particle type are essentially constant over the covered pseudorapidity range. It is suggested that the dominant cause of the observed fall-off of the integral v2 values going away from mid-rapidity is a corresponding softening of the particle spectra .
description: 4 pages, 2figure, Quark Matter 2006 parallel session contribution
Olimpiadi di astronomia, 5 medaglie per l’Italia
Creators: Giulia Iafrate
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Si sono concluse oggi a Pechino le Olimpiadi internazionali di astronomia. Erano presenti 53 partecipanti da nove nazioni, divisi in tre categorie. La squadra italiana torna a casa con due medaglie d’argento e tre di  bronzo. Ci racconta com’è andata la team leader Giulia Iafrate, dell’Inaf di Trieste, che ha seguito i ragazzi per tutti i nove giorni delle Olimpiadi
Palaeodemography: A New Hope
Creators: name: McFadden, Clare
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: Palaeodemography is the study of the demographic attributes of past populations, including population size, structure, growth, density, fertility, mortality and migration. Such attributes can provide significant and valuable insights into the ability of past humans to adapt in response to environmental events, such as climate change and availability of resources, and societal change, for instance migration, warfare, and social complexity. The impacts of the agricultural transition on fertility and mortality has been of great interest over recent decades, with research to date indicating major changes in health following the adoption and/or intensification of agriculture. Also of significant interest at present are the impacts of past climate change on human populations as indicated by shifts in demographic profiles. Notwithstanding, several key issues underpin palaeodemography, with the predominant concerns at present being the underenumeration of infants, inaccuracy of age-at-death estimation techniques, non-stationarity of populations, and representativeness of archaeological samples. Such concerns present different challenges for research in Asia-Pacific, where preservational conditions and cultural practices differ from those commonly observed in Europe and the Americas. This thesis aims to address the primary issues in palaeodemography, with a focus on developing palaeodemographic tools for use in the Asia-Pacific region. In addition to developing a new toolkit for palaeodemography, this project will apply the palaeodemographic estimators and knowledge developed in previous components of this research to bioarchaeological data from Southeast Asia and the Pacific. The results of each analysis will be discussed in the context of archaeological data and relevant palaeodemographic studies and trends from other regions. The first application, to Southeast Asia, is aimed to evaluate the precision of the new methods in a context where a robust archaeological narrative for population growth already exists. In doing so, the methods will be cross-validated with the archaeological evidence. Further, this application should identify whether sample representativeness is problematic in the region and whether it negatively impacts the methods. The application to the Pacific will focus on providing new insights in an area where a patchy archaeological record exists, building off the previous work in Southeast Asia to demonstrate the knowledge that can be gained through these methods. The thesis will conclude by noting the limitations of the methods and issues identified through the application of methods, summarising the research and whether it has addressed the research questions and hypotheses, and providing suggestions for future research.
Quando su Venere c’era la tettonica a placche
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Venere, un pianeta rovente e desolato, potrebbe aver avuto un tempo movimenti delle placche tettoniche simili a quelli che si ritiene siano avvenuti sulla Terra primordiale. La scoperta crea scenari interessanti riguardo alla possibilità di vita sul Venere primordiale, al suo passato evolutivo e alla storia del Sistema solare. Il passo successivo sarà capire quali condizioni potrebbero consentire alla Terra di rimanere abitabile
Large Deviation Property of Free Energy in p-Body Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Model
Creators: name: Nakajima, Tetsuya
name: Hukushima, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cumulant generating function phi(n) and rate function Sigma(f) of the free energy is evaluated in p-body Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model by using the replica method with the replica number n finite. From a perturbational argument, we show that the cumulant generating function is constant in the vicinity of n = 0. On the other hand, with the help of two analytic properties of phi(n), the behavior of phi(n) is derived again. However this is also shown to be broken at a finite value of n, which gives a characteristic value in the rate function near the thermodynamic value of the free energy. Through the continuation of phi(n) as a function of n, we find out a way to derive the 1RSB solution at least in this model, which is to fix the RS solution to be a monotone increasing function.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. accepted for publication in J.Phs.Soc.Jpn
Bagliori nella notte marziana
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Un team internazionale guidato da scienziati dell'Università di Liegi ha osservato, per la prima volta nel campo del visibile, l'emissione di luce sul lato notturno del pianeta Marte. I nuovi dati, acquisiti dall’orbiter Tgo dell’Esa, forniscono una migliore comprensione delle dinamiche dell’alta atmosfera del Pianeta rosso e delle sue variazioni durante l’anno. I risultati di questo studio sono stati pubblicati su Nature Astronomy
Quantum Criticality in One-dimensional Fermi Gases
Creators: name: Yi, Seongjoon
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014

description: In this thesis, we present a recent study of the one-dimensional attractively interacting two-component Fermi gas with an external magnetic field. We analytically study the quantum phase diagram, equation of state, quantum criticality, and universal scalings of the model, using the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations. We present a high precision equation of state from which universal scaling functions are derived; we show that the thermodynamic properties display universal scaling behaviour at quantum criticality. Expression of high-order-accuracy entropy and specific heat are also analytically derived. Moreover, we present an independent confirmation of the equation of state through an efficient numerical approach of treating the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations for which the contributions from the spin strings with length larger than a value of $n_c$ are calculated analytically.
Tesoro, mi si sono ristrette le galassie nane
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Osservati con il Gemini North i resti in erosione di 106 galassie nane che stanno diventando nane ultracompatte: oggetti con dimensioni a metà strada fra quelle degli ammassi stellari e quelle delle galassie nane. Il risultato, pubblicato su Nature, conferma che molte galassie nane ultracompatte sono probabilmente i resti fossili di galassie nane normali private dei loro strati esterni
The role of CD44 in the regulation of hematopoiesis
Creators: name: Ghaffari, Saghi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The daily production of the large number of circulating blood cells is the result of a controlled process called hematopoiesis. In humans, adult hematopoiesis takes place in the bone marrow microenvironment where the regulated production and presentation of both positive and negative-acting factors control hematopoietic cell proliferation, differentiation and survival. Many cell surface molecules, including growth factor receptors and adhesion molecules are involved in these processes, although their relative importance remains to be understood. In the present thesis, I have focused on an examination of the potential role of the CD44 family of adhesion molecules in the regulation of primitive hematopoietic cell proliferation and differentiation. CD44 is a widely expressed multifunctional cell surface glycoprotein which has been implicated in many different adhesion-dependent processes. In addition, expression of particular isoforms of CD44 has been associated with malignant transformation and/or the acquisition of metastatic potential. The expression of CD44 isoforms was examined on primitive normal and myeloid leukemic hematopoietic progenitor cells. These studies have shown that the differentiation-associated changes of CD44 isoform expression is altered during leukemogenesis. In addition, monoclonal antibodies to distinct CD44 epitopes were found to have either inhibitory, enhancing, or no effect on normal, but not on CML, stromal-dependent hematopoiesis. These results provide evidence of early differentiation-associated changes in CD44 expression during normal hematopoiesis which may be deregulated in chronic phase CML as well as in a variety of other myeloid leukemias. They also identify CD44 as a putative regulatory component in the interactions of hematopoietic cells with stroma, and suggest that this function is absent in primitive CML hematopoietic cells. Future investigations of molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of CD44 ligand-binding and its downstream effects should provide insights into the biological observations described at the cellular level in this thesis.
Esa M7, ecco le tre missioni in gara per gli anni ’30
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Annunciate ieri dall’Agenzia spaziale europea le tre proposte ammesse alla “Fase A” per la selezione della settima “medium-size mission”, con lancio previsto a metà del prossimo decennio: sono M-Matisse, per lo studio dell’abitabilità e l’evoluzione di Marte, Plasma Observatory, per l’esplorazione dell’ambiente di plasma che circonda la Terra e, infine, Theseus, per l’osservazione dei lampi di raggi gamma. Con i commenti di tre dei protagonisti, Raffaella D’Amicis e Maria Federica Marcucci dell’Inaf di Roma e Lorenzo Amati dell’Inaf di Bologna
Spazio e sostenibilità al vertice di mid-term dell’Esa
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

La lista dei buoni propositi per l’anno nuovo arriva a inizio novembre, all’Esa. Durante il vertice ministeriale di mid-term, che si è tenuto lunedì scorso a Siviglia, si è parlato di politiche green per lo spazio, detriti spaziali, affidamento dei lanci ai privati e si è firmato lo sblocco dei lanciatori europei Ariane 6 e Vega-C. Con un commento di Patrizia Caraveo, autrice insieme a Clelia Iacomino di “Europe in the global Space Economy”
Una gemella della Via Lattea 11.7 miliardi di anni fa
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Si pensava che le galassie a spirale barrate simili alla nostra non potessero essere osservate fino a quando l'universo non avesse raggiunto la metà della sua vita attuale. Invece, il telescopio spaziale Webb ha scoperto una galassia del tutto analoga alla nostra quando l'universo aveva appena il 15 per cento della sua età. Chiara Buttitta (Inaf): “una prova evidente che occorre rivedere gli scenari di formazione delle galassie a disco, come la Via Lattea”
Optical Conformal Mapping and Dielectric Invisibility Devices
Creators: name: Leonhardt, Ulf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An invisibility device should guide light around an object as if nothing were there, regardless where the light comes from. Ideal invisibility devices are impossible due to the wave nature of light. This paper develops a general recipe for the design of media that create perfect invisibility within the accuracy of geometrical optics. Here the imperfections of invisibility can be made arbitrarily small to hide objects that are much larger than the wavelength. Using modern metamaterials, practical demonstrations of such devices seem possible. The method developed here can be also applied to escape from detection by other forms of waves such as sound.
description: I decline commenting to journalists about this paper before it is accepted by peer review
La tutela del consumatore e i contratti di viaggio nell'Unione Europea
Creators: name: Maggi, Pasquale
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: La tutela del consumatore è un argomento che si presenta di grande attualità. Il lavoro, si articola in tre capitoli che partono dall'analisi di un processo storico dei primi approcci di tutela del consumatore, si arriva poi all'analisi dei vari mezzi di tutela come nel caso del viaggiatore. L'analisi dei vari contratti di viaggio, attraverso la diversificazione delle varie figure, come quella tra organizzatore e intermediatore, è di grande attualità. Vengono poi analizzati a partire dall'inizio degli anni 80 i vari interventi del legislatore in questa materia, andando a definire le varie figure e le varie funzioni. La tesi poi analizza i vari processi istituzionali che hanno portato alla legislazione attuale andando ad analizzare in particolari alcuni stati Europei, come la Germania.
On the Nature of Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence
Creators: name: Gogoberidze, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel model of incompressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in the presence of a strong external magnetic field is proposed for explanation of recent numerical results. According to the proposed model, in the presence of the strong external magnetic field, incompressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence becomes nonlocal in the sense that low frequency modes cause decorrelation of interacting high frequency modes from the inertial interval. It is shown that the obtained nonlocal spectrum of the inertial range of incompressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence represents an anisotropic analogue of Kraichnan's nonlocal spectrum of hydrodynamic turbulence. Based on the analysis performed in the framework of the weak coupling approximation, which represents one of the equivalent formulations of the direct interaction approximation, it is shown that incompressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence could be both local and nonlocal and therefore anisotropic analogues of both the Kolmogorov and Kraichnan spectra are realizable in incompressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence.
description: Physics of Plasmas (Accepted). A small chapter added about 2D MHD turbulence
Spectral and polarization properties of black hole accretion disc emission: including absorption effects
Creators: name: Taverna, Roberto
name: Marra, Lorenzo
name: Bianchi, Stefano
name: Dovciak, Mičhal
name: Goosmann, René
name: Marin, Frederic
name: Matt, Giorgio
name: Zhang, Wenda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of radiation emitted from black hole accretion discs represents a crucial way to understand the main physical properties of these sources, and in particular the black hole spin. Beside spectral analysis, polarimetry is becoming more and more important, motivated by the development of new techniques which will soon allow to perform measurements also in the X- and γ-rays. Photons emitted from black hole accretion discs in the soft state are indeed expected to be polarized, with an energy dependence which can provide an estimate of the black hole spin. Calculations performed so far, however, considered scattering as the only process to determine the polarization state of the emitted radiation, implicitly assuming that the temperatures involved are such that material in the disc is entirely ionized. In this work we generalize the problem by calculating the ionization structure of a surface layer of the disc with the public code CLOUDY , and then by determining the polarization properties of the emerging radiation using the Monte Carlo code STOKES . This allows us to account for absorption effects alongside scattering ones. We show that including absorption can deeply modify the polarization properties of the emerging radiation with respect to what is obtained in the pure-scattering limit. As a general rule, we find that the polarization degree is larger when absorption is more important, which occurs e.g. for low accretion rates and/or spins when the ionization of the matter in the innermost accretion disc regions is far from complete.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Stimulus-driven spatial attention mechanisisms in audition : evidence from an implicit localization task
Creators: name: McDonald, John J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Four experiments examined the effects of uninformative spatial auditory precues on auditory detection latencies when the decision to respond was based on either spatial or non-spatial criteria. The first experiment used a new technique, called implicit localization, in which observers responded to peripheral targets and refrained from responding to central targets. Response times were initially faster for targets at the cued location than at a contralateral location, suggesting that attention was captured at the spatial position of the cue. This facilitatory effect diminished and even reversed at longer cue-target onset asynchonies (CTOAs), indicating that inhibition of return (IOR) also occurs in audition. These effects were not observed in later experiments when the go/no-go decision was based on target presence (Experiments 2 and 3) or target frequency (Experiment 4). These data indicate that the facilitatory and inhibitory components of covert spatial orienting occur in audition only when spatial information is relevant to the task. They may also provide the first clear evidence of IOR in audition. These findings suggest that implicit localization provides a powerful technique for studying covert spatial attention.