cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tracking with wakefields in dielectric laser acceleration grating structures
Creators: name: Egenolf, Thilo
name: Niedermayer, Uwe
name: Boine-Frankenheim, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the tiny apertures of dielectric laser acceleration grating structures within the range of the optical wavelength, wakefields limit the bunch charge for relativistic electrons to a few femtocoulomb. In this paper, we present a wakefield upgrade of our six-dimensional tracking scheme DLAtrack6D in order to analyze these limitations. Simulations with CST Studio Suite provide the wake functions to calculate the kicks within each tracking step. Scaling laws and the dependency of the wake on geometrical changes are calculated. The tracking with wakefields is applied to beam and structure parameters following recently performed and planned experiments. We compare the results to analytical models and identify intensity limits due to the transverse beam breakup and strong head-tail instability. Furthermore, we reconstruct phase advance spectrograms and use them to analyze possible stabilization mechanisms.
Effective Field Theories as Lagrange Spaces
Creators: name: Craig, Nathaniel
name: Lee, Yu-Tse
name: Lu, Xiaochuan
name: Sutherland, Dave
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a formulation of scalar effective field theories in terms of the geometry of Lagrange spaces. The horizontal geometry of the Lagrange space generalizes the Riemannian geometry on the scalar field manifold, inducing a broad class of affine connections that can be used to covariantly express and simplify tree-level scattering amplitudes. Meanwhile, the vertical geometry of the Lagrange space characterizes the physical validity of the effective field theory, as a torsion component comprises strictly higher-point Wilson coefficients. Imposing analyticity, unitarity, and symmetry on the theory then constrains the signs and sizes of derivatives of the torsion component, implying that physical theories correspond to a special class of vertical geometry.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure. v2: Journal version
Insights On Streamflow Predictability Across Scales Using Horizontal Visibility Graph Based Networks
Creators: name: Ghimire, Ganesh R.
name: Jadidoleslam, Navid
name: Krajewski, Witold F.
name: Tsonis, Anastasios A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: physics.data-an

description: Streamflow is a dynamical process that integrates water movement in space and time within basin boundaries. The authors characterize the dynamics associated with streamflow time series data from about seventy-one U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stream-gauge stations in the state of Iowa. They employ a novel approach called visibility graph (VG). It uses the concept of mapping time series into complex networks to investigate the time evolutionary behavior of dynamical system. The authors focus on a simple variant of VG algorithm called horizontal visibility graph (HVG). The tracking of dynamics and hence, the predictability of streamflow processes, are carried out by extracting two key pieces of information called characteristic exponent, λ of degree distribution and global clustering coefficient, GC pertaining to HVG derived network. The authors use these two measures to identify whether streamflow process has its origin in random or chaotic processes. They show that the characterization of streamflow dynamics is sensitive to data attributes. Through a systematic and comprehensive analysis, the authors illustrate that streamflow dynamics characterization is sensitive to the normalization, and the time-scale of streamflow time-series. At daily scale, streamflow at all stations used in the analysis, reveals randomness with strong spatial scale (basin size) dependence. This has implications for predictability of streamflow and floods. The authors demonstrate that dynamics transition through potentially chaotic to randomly correlated process as the averaging time-scale increases. Finally, the temporal trends of λ and GC are statistically significant at about 40% of the total number of stations analyzed. Attributing this trend to factors such as changing climate or land use requires further research.
description: 34 pages and 12 figures
Extracting maximum information from polarised baryon decays via amplitude analysis: the $Λ^+_c \to pK^-π^+$ case
Creators: name: Marangotto, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider which is the maximum information measurable from the decay distributions of polarised baryon decays via amplitude analysis in the helicity formalism. We focus in particular on the analytical study of the $Λ^+_c \to pK^-π^+$ decay distributions, demonstrating that the full information on its decay amplitudes can be extracted from its distributions, allowing a simultaneous measurement of both helicity amplitudes and the polarisation vector. This opens the possibility to use the $Λ^+_c \to pK^-π^+$ decay for applications ranging from New Physics searches to low-energy QCD studies, in particular its use as absolute polarimeter for the $Λ^+_c$ baryon. This result is valid as well for baryon decays having the same spin structure and it is cross-checked numerically by means of a toy amplitude fit with Monte Carlo pseudo-data.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures
Quantum-Limited Position Detection and Amplification: A Linear Response Perspective
Creators: name: Clerk, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using standard linear response relations, we derive the quantum limit on the sensitivity of a generic linear-response position detector, and the noise temperature of a generic linear amplifier. Particular emphasis is placed on the detector's effective temperature and damping effects; the former quantity directly determines the dimensionless power gain of the detector. Unlike the approach used in the seminal work of Caves [Phys. Rev. D, 26, 1817 (1982)], the linear-response approach directly involves the noise properties of the detector, and allows one to derive simple necessary and sufficient conditions for reaching the quantum limit. Our results have direct relevance to recent experiments on nanoelectromechanical systems, and complement recent theoretical studies of particular mesoscopic position detectors.
description: 9 pages; minor typos corrected
A supersymmetric model of gamma ray bursts
Creators: name: Clavelli, L.
name: Karatheodoris, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model for gamma ray bursts in which a star subject to a high level of fermion degeneracy undergoes a phase transition to a supersymmetric state. The burst is initiated by the transition of fermion pairs to sfermion pairs which, uninhibited by the Pauli exclusion principle, can drop to the ground state of minimum momentum through photon emission. The jet structure is attributed to the Bose statistics of sfermions whereby subsequent sfermion pairs are preferentially emitted into the same state (sfermion amplification by stimulated emission). Bremsstrahlung gamma rays tend to preserve the directional information of the sfermion momenta and are themselves enhanced by stimulated emission.
description: published version
Analysis of Queue Length Prediction from Probe Vehicles Problem with Bunch Arrival Headways
Creators: name: Comert, Gurcan
name: Jones, Stacey Franklin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper discusses the real-time prediction of queue lengths from probe vehicles for the Bunch arrival headways at an isolated intersection for undersaturated conditions. The paper incorporates the bunching effect of the traffic into the evaluation of the accuracy of the predictions as a function of proportion of probe vehicles to entire vehicle population. Formulations are presented for predicting the expected queue length and its variance based on Negative Exponential and Bunched Exponential vehicle headways. Numerical results for both vehicle headway types are documented to show how prediction errors behave by the volume to capacity ratio and probe proportions. It is found that the Poisson arrivals generate conservative confidence intervals and demand higher probe proportions compared to Bunched Exponential headways at the same arrival rate and probe proportion.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, IEEE Southeastcon 2009, Atlanta, GA, USA
Observation of New Narrow D_s states
Creators: name: Palano, Antimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BABAR experiment has discovered a new narrow state, D^*_{sJ}(2317)^+, near 2.32 GeV in the inclusive D_s^+ pi^0 invariant mass distribution from e^+e^- annihilation data at energies near 10.6 GeV. The same experiment has also shown evidence for structure in the 2.46 GeV region in the D^*_s(2112)^+ pi^0 mass spectrum. These discoveries have triggered several experiments in a search for new states coupled to the D_s^+ meson which confirmed the existence of D^*_{sJ}(2317)^+ together with D_{sJ}(2458)^+ --> D^*_s(2112)^+ pi^0 both in inclusive e^+ e^- annihilation and in B decays. These two new states are difficult to explain in terms of potential models.
description: Invited talk at the XXIII Physics in Collisions Conference (PIC03), Zeuthen, Germany, June 2003, 12 pages, LaTeX, 9 figures. PSN SAAT01
Robust heavy-tailed versions of generalized linear models with applications in actuarial science
Creators: name: Gagnon, Philippe
name: Wang, Yuxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generalized linear models (GLMs) form one of the most popular classes of models in statistics. The gamma variant is used, for instance, in actuarial science for the modelling of claim amounts in insurance. A flaw of GLMs is that they are not robust against outliers (i.e., against erroneous or extreme data points). A difference in trends in the bulk of the data and the outliers thus yields skewed inference and predictions. To address this problem, robust methods have been introduced. The most commonly applied robust method is frequentist and consists in an estimator which is derived from a modification of the derivative of the log-likelihood. We propose an alternative approach which is modelling-based and thus fundamentally different. It allows for an understanding and interpretation of the modelling, and it can be applied for both frequentist and Bayesian statistical analyses. The approach possesses appealing theoretical and empirical properties.
A new approach to modelling gamma-ray burst afterglows: Using Gaussian processes to account for the systematics
Creators: name: Aksulu, M. D.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
name: van Eerten, H. J.
name: van der Horst, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The afterglow emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is a valuable source of information to understand the physics of these energetic explosions. The blast wave model has become the standard to describe the evolution of the afterglow emission over time and frequency. Thanks to recent developments in the theory of afterglows and numerical simulations of relativistic outflows, we are able to model the afterglow emission with realistic dynamics and radiative processes. Although the models agree with observations remarkably well, the afterglow emission still contains additional physics, instrumental systematics, and propagation effects which make the modelling of these events challenging. In this work, we present a new approach to modelling GRB afterglows, using Gaussian processes (GPs) to take into account systematics in the afterglow data. We show that, using this new approach, it is possible to obtain more reliable estimates of the explosion and microphysical parameters of GRBs. We present fit results for 5 long GRBs and find a preliminary correlation between the isotropic energetics and opening angles of GRBs, which confirms the idea of a common energy reservoir for the kinetic energy of long GRBs.
description: Accepted to MNRAS. 10 pages, 5 figures
Null strain analysis of submerged aneurysm analogues using a novel 3D stereomicroscopy device
Creators: name: Lane, Brooks A.
name: Lessner, Susan M.
name: Narendra R. Vyavahare
name: Sutton, Michael A.
name: Eberth, John F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: To measure the inhomogeneous 3D-strain fields present during inflation-extension testing of physiologically submerged micro-aneurysms, a Stereo Digital Image Correlation (StereoDIC) microscopy system is developed that revolves 15° stereo-angle cameras around a centrally-mounted target. Calibration is performed using submerged dot patterns and system accuracy verified using strain and deformation analyses for rigid body motions of speckle-patterned, micro-aneurysmal surrogates. In terms of the Green-Lagrange strain tensor and the 3D displacement fields, the results are stable even after 120 minutes, with maxima in both strain bias and strain standard deviation less than 2E-03 for all components, and micron-level displacement standard deviation.
Empathy and home economics education : transformation and emancipation
Creators: name: Melnyk, Brianne
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: While research shows that empathy can be taught and has the potential to transform the lives of our students, empathy is not explicitly included in current research in the field of home economics. However, the new BC curriculum includes empathy across the curriculum, including explicitly in curriculum competencies in home economics. From the new curriculum and a complex world comes the question of what is empathy, why should we teach it, and what are the best practices for including it in our home economics classrooms?
Polynomiality of helicity off-forward distribution functions in the chiral quark-soliton model
Creators: name: Schweitzer, P.
name: Colli, M.
name: Boffi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polynomiality condition -- i.e. the property that Mellin moments of off-forward distribution functions are even polynomials in the skewedness parameter -- is a demanding check of consistency for model approaches. We demonstrate that the helicity off-forward distribution functions in the chiral quark-soliton model satisfy the polynomiality property. The proof contributes to the demonstration that the description of off-forward distribution functions in the model is consistent.
description: 10 pages, latex, no figures
PROFIT-MAXIMIZING NITROGEN RATES FOR CORN PRODUCTION AND TILLAGE SYSTEMS USING RANDOM PARAMETER RESPONSE FUNCTIONS
Creators: name: Villacis Aveiga, Alexis H.
name: Alwang, Jeffrey
name: Delgado, Jorge
name: Villacis Aveiga, Alexis H.
name: Alwang, Jeffrey
name: Delgado, Jorge
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: Production Economics

description: Presentation ID 15566
Bell violations with entangled and non-entangled optical fields
Creators: name: Gonzales, J.
name: Sanchez, P.
name: Avalos, V.
name: De Zela, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Bell violations with classical light prepared in both entangled and non-entangled polarization-path, binary states. Our results show that violations of constraints such as the Bell-Clauser-Horn-Shimony-Holt inequality do not necessarily falsify local-realism. Correlations in the realm of classical statistical optics, which are not of the Bell type, may lead to Bell violations.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Contrary to what it might seem, our results do not contradict Bell's theorem
Incremental Propensity Score Effects for Criminology: An Application Assessing the Relationship Between Homelessness, Behavioral Health Problems, and Recidivism
Creators: name: Jacobs, Leah A.
name: McClean, Alec
name: Branson, Zach
name: Kennedy, Edward H.
name: Fixler, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study examines the relationship between homelessness and recidivism among people on probation with and without behavioral health problems. The study also illustrates a new way to summarize the effect of an exposure on an outcome, the Incremental Propensity Score (IPS) effect, which avoids pitfalls of other approaches commonly used in criminology. We assessed the impact of homelessness at probation start on rearrest within one year among a cohort of people on probation (n = 2,453). We estimated IPS effects, considering general and crime-specific recidivism if subjects were more or less likely to be unhoused, and assessed effect variation by behavioral health problem status. We used a doubly robust machine learning estimator to flexibly but efficiently estimate effects. A substantial intervention -- reducing homelessness by roughly 65% -- corresponded to a 9% reduction in the estimated average rate of recidivism (p < .05). Milder interventions showed smaller, non-significant effect sizes. Stratifying by behavioral health problem and rearrest type led to similar results without statistical significance. Minding limitations related to observational data and generalizability, this study suggests large reductions in homelessness lead to significant reductions in rearrest rates. Efforts to reduce recidivism should include interventions that make homelessness less likely, but notable differences in recidivism will require these interventions be sizable. Meanwhile, efforts to establish recidivism risk factors should consider alternative effects, like IPS effects, to maximize validity and reduce bias.
Revealing the Young Starburst in Haro 3 with Radio and Infrared Imaging
Creators: name: Johnson, K. E.
name: Indebetouw, R.
name: Watson, C.
name: Kobulnicky, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wolf-Rayet galaxy Haro 3 (Mrk 35, NGC 3353) was observed at the near-IR and radio wavelengths as part of ongoing program to study the earliest stages of starbursts. These observations confirm that the current episode of star formation is dominated by a single region (region A). While there are knots of recent (~10 Myr) star formation outside of region A, the sources of ionizing radiation as observed in both radio and Br-gamma observations are almost exclusively associated with region A. The derived ionizing flux implies a star formation rate of ~0.6 solar masses per year localized within a radius of ~0.1 kpc. A comparison with observations from HST indicates that one or more of the star clusters in region A are optically obscured. The star clusters in region A have ages at least as young as ~5 Myr, and possibly as young as ~0.1 Myr. The star cluster that appears to be the youngest also exhibits a near-IR excess in its colors, possibly indicating natal dust in very close proximity to the ionizing stars. The difference between optical- and radio-determined ionizing fluxes as well as the near-IR colors indicate an average extinction value of A_V ~2.5 in region A. The total stellar mass associated with the current starburst in region A is inferred from both the near-IR and radio observations to be ~10^6 solar masses. The other main stellar concentrations observed in the near-IR (Regions B1 and B2) are somewhat older than region A, with ages ~8-10 Myr, and the near-IR observations indicate they have stellar masses of ~8x10^4 and ~2x10^4 solar masses, respectively.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, to appear in AJ August 2004
Identification of Robust Protein Associations With COVID-19 Disease Based on Five Clinical Studies
Creators: name: Suhre, Karsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Data to Suhre et al., Frontiers in Immunology, 2022 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.781100/full
Perfect depolarization in single scattering of light from uncorrelated surface and volume disorder
Creators: name: Banon, Jean-Philippe
name: Simonsen, Ingve
name: Carminati, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that single scattering of p-polarized waves from uncorrelated surface and volume disorder can lead to perfect depolarization. The degree of polarization is shown to vanish in specific scattering directions that can be characterized based on simple geometric arguments. Depolarization results from the different polarization response of each source of disorder, providing a clear physical interpretation of the depolarization mechanism.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Currarino syndrome: a comprehensive genetic review of a rare congenital disorder
Creators: name: Dworschak, Gabriel C.
name: Reutter, Heiko M.
name: Ludwig, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental Table 1. CS patients with reported heterozygous MNX1 mutations or associated gene/chromosomal anomalies. Supplemental Table 2. Cases with heterozygous MNX1 or other mutations negative for CS features.
Dynamics of quasiholes and quasiparticles at the edges of small lattices
Creators: name: Li, Xikun
name: Jaworowski, Błażej
name: Haque, Masudul
name: Nielsen, Anne E. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quench dynamics of bosonic fractional quantum Hall systems in small lattices with cylindrical boundary conditions and low particle density. The states studied have quasiholes or quasiparticles relative to the bosonic Laughlin state at half filling. Pinning potentials are placed at edge sites (or sites close to the edges) and are then turned off. Because the edges of fractional quantum Hall systems host chiral edge modes, we expect chiral dynamics, with motion in one direction for positive potentials pinning quasiholes, and motion in the other direction for negative potentials pinning quasiparticles. We numerically show that chiral motion of the density distribution is observed and robust for the case with positive potentials (quasiholes), but that there is no noticeable chiral motion for negative potentials (quasiparticles). The comparison of the numerical ground states with model lattice Laughlin wavefunctions suggests that both positive and negative potentials do create and pin anyons that are not necessarily well-separated on small lattices. Initializing the dynamics with the model state also shows the lack of chiral dynamics of quasiparticles. Our results suggest that, in small lattices with low particle density, quasiparticles are strongly adversely affected in dynamical processes, whereas quasiholes are dynamically robust.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Topological nature of polarization and charge pumping in ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Onoda, Shigeki
name: Murakami, Shuichi
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electric polarization or transferred charge due to an adiabatic change of external parameters $\vec{Q}$ is expressed in terms of a vector field defined in the $\vec{Q}$ space. This vector field is characterized by strings, i.e., trajectories of band-crossing points. In particular, the transverse component is given by the Biot-Savart law in a nonlocal way. For a cyclic change of $\vec{Q}$ along a loop C, the linking number between this string and C represents the amount of the pumped charge, which is quantized to be an integer as discussed by Thouless.
description: 5 pages including 4 figures
On the non-Abelian Stokes theorem in SU(2) gluodynamics
Creators: name: Gubarev, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the non-Abelian Stokes theorem for SU(2) gauge fields which avoids both additional integration variables and surface ordering. The idea is to introduce the instant color orientation of the flux piercing the loop. The non-Abelian Stokes theorem is also considered on the lattice and various terms contributing to the trace of the Wilson loop are discussed.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, Lattice2003(topology)
Disorder effects at low temperatures in La_{0.7-x}Y_{x}Ca_{0.3}MnO_{3} manganites
Creators: name: Gusmao, M. A.
name: Ghivelder, L.
name: Freitas, R. S.
name: Ribeiro, R. A.
name: de Lima, O. F.
name: Damay, F.
name: Cohen, L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim of probing the effect of magnetic disorder in the low-temperature excitations of manganites, specific-heat measurements were performed in zero field, and in magnetic fields up to 9 T in polycrystalline samples of La_{0.7-x}Y_{x}Ca_{0.3}MnO_{3}, with Y concentrations x=0, 0.10, and 0.15. Yttrium doping yielded the appearance of a cluster-glass state, giving rise to unusual low-temperature behavior of the specific-heat. The main feature observed in the results is a strong enhancement of the specific-heat linear term, which is interpreted as a direct consequence of magnetic disorder. The analysis was further corroborated by resistivity measurements in the same compounds.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in gauge theories via Bose-Einstein condensation
Creators: name: Sannino, Francesco
name: Tuominen, Kimmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism naturally leading to the spontaneous symmetry breaking in a gauge theory. The Higgs field is assumed to have global and gauged internal symmetries. We associate a non zero chemical potential to one of the globally conserved charges commuting with all of the gauge transformations. This induces a negative mass squared for the Higgs field triggering the spontaneous symmetry breaking of the global and local symmetries. The mechanism is general and we test the idea for the electroweak theory in which the Higgs sector is extended to possess an extra global Abelian symmetry. To this symmetry we associate a non zero chemical potential. The Bose-Einstein condensation of the Higgs leads, at tree level, to modified dispersion relations for the Higgs field while the dispersion relations of the gauge bosons and fermions remain undisturbed. The latter are modified through higher order corrections. We have computed some corrections to the vacuum polarizations of the gauge bosons and fermions. To quantify the corrections to the gauge boson vacuum polarizations with respect to the Standard Model we considered the effects on the T parameter. We finally derive the one loop modified fermion dispersion relations.
description: RevTeX 4, 13 pages. Added references and corrected typos
Additional file 1 of Adolescents who are overweight or obese - the relevance of a social network to engaging in physical activity: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Skogen, Ingeborg B.
name: Høydal, Kjetil L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide – Adolescent.
Crossover Scaling of Wavelength Selection in Directional Solidification of Binary Alloys
Creators: name: Greenwood, Michael
name: Haataja, Mikko
name: Provatas, Nikolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate dendritic growth in directional solidification in dilute binary alloys using a phase-field model solved with an adaptive-mesh refinement. The spacing of primary branches is examined for a range of thermal gradients and alloy compositions and is found to undergo a maximum as a function of pulling velocity, in agreement with experimental observations. We demonstrate that wavelength selection is unambiguously described by a non-trivial crossover scaling function from the emergence of cellular growth to the onset of dendritic fingers, a result validated using published experimental data.
description: 4 pages, four figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters
Adding crust to BPS Skyrme neutron stars
Creators: name: Adam, C.
name: Sanchez-Guillen, J.
name: Vazquez, R.
name: Wereszczynski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Skyrme model and its generalisations provide a conceptually appealing field-theory basis for the description of nuclear matter and, after its coupling to gravity, also of neutron stars. In particular, a specific Skyrme submodel, the so-called Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) Skyrme model, allows both for an exact field-theoretic and a mean-field treatment of neutron stars, as a consequence of its perfect fluid property. A pure BPS Skyrme model description of neutron stars, however, only describes the neutron star core, by construction. Here we consider different possibilities to extrapolate a BPS Skyrme neutron star at high baryon density to a description valid at lower densities. In the exact field-theoretic case, a simple effective description of the neutron star crust can be used, because the exact BPS Skyrme neutron star solutions formally extend to sufficiently low densities. In the mean-field case, on the other hand, the BPS Skyrme neutron star solutions always remain above the nuclear saturation density and, therefore, must be joined to a different nuclear physics equation of state already for the outer core. We study the resulting neutron stars in both cases, facilitating an even more complete comparison between Skyrmionic neutron stars and neutron stars obtained from other approaches, as well as with observations.
description: Latex, 21 pages, 3 figures; v3: version as accepted in PRD
Unified Fractional Kinetic Equation and a Fractional Diffusion Equation
Creators: name: Saxena, R. K.
name: Mathai, A. M.
name: Haubold, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C20 (Primary), 33C90 (Secondary)

description: In earlier papers Saxena et al. (2002, 2003) derived the solutions of a number of fractional kinetic equations in terms of generalized Mittag-Leffler functions which extended the work of Haubold and Mathai (2000). The object of the present paper is to investigate the solution of a unified form of fractional kinetic equation in which the free term contains any integrable function f(t), which provides the unification and extension of the results given earlier recently by Saxena et al. (2002, 2003). The solution has been developed in terms of the Wright function in a closed form by the method of Laplace transform. Further we derive a closed-form solution of a fractional diffusion equation. The asymptotic expansion of the derived solution with respect to the space variable is also discussed. The results obtained are in a form suitable for numerical computation.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX
Determinants of technical efficiency among small-scale coffee farmers in Rwanda
Creators: name: Ngango, Jules
name: Lee, Jungmyung
name: Kim, Seung Gyu
name: Ngango, Jules
name: Lee, Jungmyung
name: Kim, Seung Gyu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: Production Economics

description: Presentation ID 15988
Engaging in home economics through ecological displays in a library-learning commons
Creators: name: Torres, Shawna Lisa Marie
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: I am a home economics teacher currently posted in a position as an elementary school teacher-librarian. In this paper I report on an action research study that portrays my journey in using interactive displays in my library-learning commons. I used the theme of ecology in each display as one way to work toward including home economics in elementary curriculum and pedagogy. I describe three interactive displays that I created using a plan, act, observe, reflect format. Each display related to a different topic which included: flower bulbs, x-rays, and bees. Finally, I discuss how setting up interactive displays can play a role in student learning for ecology and how their practice can expand into other branches of home economics.
Template-free Articulated Neural Point Clouds for Reposable View Synthesis
Creators: name: Uzolas, Lukas
name: Eisemann, Elmar
name: Kellnhofer, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic Neural Radiance Fields (NeRFs) achieve remarkable visual quality when synthesizing novel views of time-evolving 3D scenes. However, the common reliance on backward deformation fields makes reanimation of the captured object poses challenging. Moreover, the state of the art dynamic models are often limited by low visual fidelity, long reconstruction time or specificity to narrow application domains. In this paper, we present a novel method utilizing a point-based representation and Linear Blend Skinning (LBS) to jointly learn a Dynamic NeRF and an associated skeletal model from even sparse multi-view video. Our forward-warping approach achieves state-of-the-art visual fidelity when synthesizing novel views and poses while significantly reducing the necessary learning time when compared to existing work. We demonstrate the versatility of our representation on a variety of articulated objects from common datasets and obtain reposable 3D reconstructions without the need of object-specific skeletal templates. Code will be made available at https://github.com/lukasuz/Articulated-Point-NeRF.
Extremely red galaxies: dust attenuation and classification
Creators: name: Pierini, D.
name: Maraston, C.
name: Bender, R.
name: Witt, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-address the classification criterion for extremely red galaxies (ERGs) of Pozzetti and Mannucci (2000 -- PM00), which aims to separate, in the Ic-K (or Rc-K) vs. J-K colour--colour diagram, passively evolving, old (> 1 Gyr) stellar populations in a dust-free environment, associated with ellipticals (Es), from dusty starburst galaxies (DSGs), both at 1 < z < 2. We explore a category of objects not considered previously, i.e., galaxies forming in this redshift range on short (0.1 Gyr) timescales and observed also in their early, dusty post-starburst phase. We also investigate the impact of structure of the dusty medium and dust amount on the observed optical/near-IR colours of high-z DSGs/DPSGs, through multiple-scattering radiative transfer calculations for a dust/stars configuration and an extinction function calibrated with nearby dusty starbursts. As a main result, we find that dusty post-starburst galaxies (DPSGs), with ages between 0.2 and 1 Gyr, at 1.3 < z < 2 mix with Es at 1 < z < 2 for a large range in dust amount. This ``intrusion'' is a source of concern for the present two-colour classification of ERGs. On the other hand, we confirm, in agreement with PM00, that DSGs are well separated from Es, both at 1 < z < 2, in the Ic-K vs. J-K colour--colour diagram, whatever the structure (two-phase clumpy or homogeneous) of their dusty medium and their dust amount are. This result holds under the new hypothesis of high-z Es being as dusty as nearby ones. Thus the interpretation of the optical/near-IR colours of high-z Es may suffer from a multiple degeneracy among age, metallicity, dust and redshift. We also find that DPSGs at z around 1 mix with DSGs at 1 < z < 2, as a function of dust amount and structure of the dusty medium. All these results help explaining the complexity of the ERG classification... (Abridged)
description: 17 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
George VI in cartoons: the king vanishes
Creators: name: Scully, Richard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: This article examines the depiction of George VI in cartoons. These important hybrid journalistic/artistic forms reflect a subtle shift in understandings of the monarchy, from emphasising the individual personality of the incumbent (e.g. Edward VIII), towards a focus on the crown as an impersonal institution, symbolic of Britishness. Prince Albert’s low profile prior to his accession continued as a vehicle for the new manner of imagining the monarch in cartooning. Symbols of office, national and imperial allegories of monarchy, became more common in cartoons than depictions of George’s own features. Comparison to non-British cartoons underscores the findings of the research.
Additional file 3 of Time trends in pediatric hand fracture incidence in Malmö, Sweden, 1950–2016
Creators: name: Bergman, Erika
name: Lempesis, Vasileios
name: Jehpsson, Lars
name: Rosengren, Björn E.
name: Karlsson, Magnus K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Supplement Figure 3. Seasonal variation in hand fracture incidence per 100,000 person-years (divided into all hand fractures, phalangeal fractures, metacarpal/carpal fractures and scaphoid fractures) in Malmö, Sweden, in 2014–2016.
Constraining the masses of planets in protoplanetary discs from the presence or absence of vortices -- Comparison with ALMA observations
Creators: name: Hallam, Paul
name: Paardekooper, Sijme-Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A massive planet in a protoplanetary disc will open a gap in the disc material. A steep gap edge can be hydrodynamically unstable, which results in the formation of vortices that can act as tracers for the presence of planets in observational results. However, in a viscous disc, the potential formation of these vortices is dependent on the timescale over which the massive planet accretes mass and with a sufficiently long timescale it is possible for no vortices to form. Hence, there is a connection between the presence of vortices and the growth timescale of the planet and it may therefore be possible to exclude a planetary interpretation of observed structure from the absence of vortices. We have investigated the effect of the planet growth timescale on vortex formation for a range of planet masses and viscosities and have found an approximate relation between the planet mass, viscosity and planet growth timescale for which vortices are not formed within the disc. We then interpret these results in the light of recent observations. We have also found that planets do not need to be close to a Jupiter mass to form vortices in the disc if these discs have low viscosity, as these can be caused by planets as small as a few Neptune masses.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Supplementary figures S1 to S5 from Microstructure and crystallography of the wall plates of the giant barnacle Austromegabalanus psittacus: a material organized by crystal growth
Creators: name: Checa, Antonio G.
name: González-Segura, Alicia
name: Rodríguez-Navarro, Alejandro B.
name: Lagos, Nelson A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Supplementary figure S1. Optical views of the sections on which the EBSD maps of figures 5 to 7 and Supplementary figure S3 (indicated) have been obtained. Supplementary Figure S2. Fracture through the dendritic crenulation of a radius. The orientations of fibres making up the crenulation change their orientations (arrows) to remain at a high angle to the growth surface. The less corrugated abutting paries margin is at the lower part of the image. om: organic membrane. Supplementary figure S3. EBSD analysis of the ala. The top image is the orientation map, which provided very few indexable results, with some unit cells and growth lines superposed (obtained from the image quality map, lower image). Unit cells have c-axes which are invariably perpendicular to the growth lines (top image). Supplementary figure S4. Competition within the shell of the female octopod mollusk Argonauta argo. The shell is composed of fibrous spherulites. These nucleate on both sides of a central layer rich in organic clumps (oc), from where they grow towards both the outer (oss) and inner (iss) organic layers (arrows). Initially, there is a big density of spherulites, and a high disorientation of their constituent fibres. With time, due to competition, the number of spherulites decreases and their fibres co-orient progressively. Note that in this kind of competition, larger spherulites become selected preferentially. (a), (b) General views. (c) Detail of (b) (framed area), showing fibre collision and extinction at the interfaces between spherulites. Supplementary figure S5. Simple sketch depicting how the boundaries between two CCRs (green and blue) may shift depending on the placements of the nucleation sites.
Security in Energy Harvesting Networks: A Survey of Current Solutions and Research Challenges
Creators: name: Tedeschi, Pietro
name: Sciancalepore, Savio
name: Di Pietro, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The recent advancements in hardware miniaturization capabilities have boosted the diffusion of systems based on Energy Harvesting (EH) technologies, as a means to power embedded wireless devices in a sustainable and low-cost fashion. Despite the undeniable management advantages, the intermittent availability of the energy source and the limited power supply has led to challenging system trade-offs, resulting in an increased attack surface and a general relaxation of the available security services. In this paper, we survey the security issues, applications, techniques, and challenges arising in wireless networks powered via EH technologies. We explore the vulnerabilities of EH networks, and we provide a comprehensive overview of the scientific literature, including attack vectors, cryptography techniques, physical-layer security schemes for data secrecy, and additional physical-layer countermeasures. For each of the identified macro-areas, we compare the scientific contributions across a range of shared features, indicating the pros and cons of the described techniques, the research challenges, and a few future directions. Finally, we also provide an overview of the emerging topics in the area, such as Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and Rate-Splitting Multiple Access (RSMA) schemes, and Intelligent Reconfigurable Surfaces, that could trigger the interest of industry and academia and unleash the full potential of pervasive EH wireless networks.
description: This is a personal copy of the authors. Not for redistribution. The final version of the paper is available through the IEEExplore Digital Library, at the link: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9170604, with the DOI: 10.1109/COMST.2020.3017665
Percolation and Topological Properties of Temporal Higher-order Networks
Creators: name: Di Gaetano, Leonardo
name: Battiston, Federico
name: Starnini, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many complex systems that exhibit temporal non-pairwise interactions can be represented by means of generative higher-order network models. Here, we propose a hidden variables formalism to analytically characterize a general class of higher-order network models We apply our framework to a temporal higher-order activity-driven model, providing analytical expressions for the main topological properties of the time-integrated hypergraphs, depending on the integration time and the activity distributions characterizing the model. Furthermore, we provide analytical estimates for the percolation times of general classes of uncorrelated and correlated hypergraphs. Finally, we quantify the extent to which the percolation time of empirical social interactions is underestimated when their higher-order nature is neglected.