cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalized second-order partial derivatives of 1/r
Creators: name: Hnizdo, V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized second-order partial derivatives of 1/r, where r is the radial distance in 3D, are obtained using a result of the potential theory of classical analysis. Some non-spherical regularization alternatives to the standard spherical-regularization expression for the derivatives are derived. The utility of a spheroidal-regularization expression is illustrated on an example from classical electrodynamics.
description: 12 pages; as accepted for publication by European Journal of Physics
Modellbasierte Quadrokopter-Navigation mit Lasterstützung
Creators: name: Crocoll, Philipp
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Modellgestützte Navigation
Integrierte Navigation
Inertiale Navigation
Quadrokopter
Laser

description: Quadrokopter werden häufig in Gebäuden oder in Gebäudenähe eingesetzt, wo die Verfügbarkeit von GPS nicht gewährleistet ist. Um dennoch zuverlässig Position und Lage des Fluggerätes bestimmen zu können, werden in dieser Arbeit Methoden zur modellgestützten Navigation entwickelt und erfolgreich auf Quadrokopter angewendet. Die Nutzung des Bewegungsmodells reduziert das Fehlerwachstum wesentlich. Weitere Verbesserungen werden durch geeignete Integration von Lasermessungen erzielt.
Supercurvaton
Creators: name: Demozzi, Vittoria
name: Linde, Andrei
name: Mukhanov, Viatcheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss observational consequences of the curvaton scenario, which naturally appears in the context of the simplest model of chaotic inflation in supergravity. The non-gaussianity parameter f_NL in this scenario can take values in the observationally interesting range from O(10) to O(100). These values may be different in different parts of the universe. The regions where f_NL is particularly large form a curvaton web resembling a net of thick domain walls, strings, or global monopoles.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure. Non-perturbative effects related to non-gaussianity in the curvaton scenario are discussed, some references are added. This is the version accepted in JCAP
Toleranzmanagement für Bauteile aus kohlenstofffaserverstärktem Kunststoff - Ursachen der geometrischen Streuung, präventive Vorhersagen der Maßhaltigkeit und der Einsatz des Werkstoffes im Rohbau
Creators: name: Steinle, Philipp
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015

description: In dieser Arbeit werden grundlegende Werkstoff-, Prozess- und Geometrieparameter identifiziert und deren Auswirkungen beim Resin-Transfer-Moulding auf die geometrische Streuung untersucht.
Untersuchung der Regulation von Sekundärmetabolitgenclustern in Alternaria alternata
Creators: name: Seither, Kristin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015

description: In dieser Arbeit wurden in Alternaria alternata die zum Cluster der Polyketidsynthase PksB gehörenden Gene identifiziert sowie ein Metabolit, welcher zu dem Cluster gehören könnte. Auch die PksD wurde näher charakterisiert. Es wurde weiterhin gezeigt, dass VeA und LaeA, zwei globale Regulatoren, eine wichtige Rolle in der Sekundärmetabolitproduktion spielen. Zusätzlich wurde auf die epigenetische Regulation durch FphA und LreA hingewiesen.
Synthese neuer zwitterionischer Methacrylate und deren Anwendungen in oberflächeninitiierten Polymerisationen
Creators: name: Kratzer, Domenic
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Zwitterionische Methacrylate
Oberflächeninitiierte Polymerisation
Biomaterialien

description: Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Herstellung von Oberflächen mit zwitterionischen Polymerbeschichtungen, welche Anwendung als Substrate zur Stammzell-Kultivierung finden könnten. Der erste Teil der Arbeit beschreibt zunächst die Synthese einer Substanzbibliothek teilweise neuer zwitterionischer Methacrylate. Im zweiten Teil werden verschiedene Techniken der oberflächeninitiierten, kontrolliert-radikalischen Polymerisation (RAFT, ATRP) der Monomere auf CVD-modifizierten Oberflächen behandelt.
A single ion as a shot noise limited magnetic field gradient probe
Creators: name: Walther, Andreas
name: Poschinger, Ulrich
name: Ziesel, Frank
name: Hettrich, Max
name: Wiens, Alex
name: Welzel, Jens
name: Schmidt-Kaler, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is expected that ion trap quantum computing can be made scalable through protocols that make use of transport of ion qubits between sub-regions within the ion trap. In this scenario, any magnetic field inhomogeneity the ion experiences during the transport, may lead to dephasing and loss of fidelity. Here we demonstrate how to measure, and compensate for, magnetic field gradients inside a segmented ion trap, by transporting a single ion over variable distances. We attain a relative magnetic field sensitivity of ΔB/B_0 ~ 5*10^{-7} over a test distance of 140 \micro m, which can be extended to the mm range, still with sub \micro m resolution. A fast experimental sequence is presented, facilitating its use as a magnetic field gradient calibration routine, and it is demonstrated that the main limitation is the quantum shot noise.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Searching for Supersymmetry in the three- and four lepton final states with the CMS-Detector at the LHC
Creators: name: Wayand, Stefan
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: particle physics
CMS
SUSY
LHC

description: Data collected by the CMS Detector at the LHC in 2012 is analyzed. The three and the four lepton final state are of special interest because of the low predictions form Standard Model (SM) processes. The predictions of the SM are validated and limits on parameters of the supersymmetric extension of the SM are set.
Chaotic dephasing in a double-slit scattering experiment
Creators: name: Levnajić, Zoran
name: Prosen, Tomaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We design a computational experiment in which a quantum particle tunnels into a billiard of variable shape and scatters out of it through a double-slit opening on the billiard's base. The interference patterns produced by the scattered probability currents for a range of energies are investigated in relation to the billiard's geometry which is connected to its classical integrability. Four billiards with hierarchical integrability levels are considered: integrable, pseudo-integrable, weak-mixing and strongly chaotic. In agreement with the earlier result by Casati and Prosen [1], we find the billiard's integrability to have a crucial influence on the properties of the interference patterns. In the integrable case most experiment outcomes are found to be consistent with the constructive interference occurring in the usual double-slit experiment. In contrast to this, non-integrable billiards typically display asymmetric interference patterns of smaller visibility characterized by weakly correlated wave function values at the two slits. Our findings indicate an intrinsic connection between the classical integrability and the quantum dephasing, responsible for the destruction of interference.
Entwicklung einer automatisierten Scheinwerfereinstellung mittels aktiver Triangulation
Creators: name: Söhner, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Triangulation
Hell-Dunkel-Grenze
Onlinekalibrierung
Scheinwerfereinstellung

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die Entwicklung einer automatisierten Scheinwerfereinstellung mittels aktiver Triangulation, wodurch eine Scheinwerferfehlstellung erkannt und korrigiert werden kann. Durch das Zusammenspiel zwischen einer definierten Verlagerung der Scheinwerferlichtverteilung und durch die Erkennung eines Charakteristikums des Lichtbilds mittels der Fahrerassistenzkamera ist eine Bestimmung der horizontalen und der vertikalen Fehlstellung des jeweiligen Scheinwerfers möglich.
3D elastic time-frequency full-waveform inversion
Creators: name: Butzer, Simone
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: conjugate gradient
seismic
preconditioning
L-BFGS
multi-parameter

description: In this work I present the theory and implementation of a 3D elastic full waveform inversion. The implementation is based on the adjoint-state method using a time-frequency approach. Synthetic applications in transmission acquisition geometry show the ability of the method to reconstruct elastic parameters of different 3D subsurface structures. Optimisations with the diagonal Hessian matrix for preconditioning and the L-BFGS scheme enable the inversion of more complex surface geometry data.
Non-minimal kinetic coupling and the phenomenology of dark energy
Creators: name: Granda, L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model of scalar field with a general non-minimal kinetic coupling to itself and to the curvature. The cosmological dynamics of this model and the issue of accelerated expansion is analyzed. Solutions giving rise to power law expansion have been found. By constraining the potential of the model, we obtained a variety of solutions corresponding to phenomenologically acceptable models of dark energy, like the $Λ$CDM model, variable cosmological constant model VCC, FRW with two dimensional topological defects, FRW with phantom dark energy, showing that this model with the appropriate potential in each case, can describe a rich variety of dynamical scenarios.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures, references added, revised version, to appear in CQG
Uncertainty quantification for random domains using periodic random variables
Creators: name: Hakula, Harri
name: Harbrecht, Helmut
name: Kaarnioja, Vesa
name: Kuo, Frances Y.
name: Sloan, Ian H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: uncertainty quantification
subject: random domains
subject: periodic random variables
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We consider uncertainty quantification for the Poisson problem subject to domain uncertainty. For the stochastic parameterization of the random domain, we use the model recently introduced by Kaarnioja et al. (SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 2020) in which a countably infinite number of independent random variables enter the random field as periodic functions. We develop lattice quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) cubature rules for computing the expected value of the solution to the Poisson problem subject to domain uncertainty. These QMC rules can be shown to exhibit higher order cubature convergence rates permitted by the periodic setting independently of the stochastic dimension of the problem. In addition, we present a complete error analysis for the problem by taking into account the approximation errors incurred by truncating the input random field to a finite number of terms and discretizing the spatial domain using finite elements. The paper concludes with numerical experiments demonstrating the theoretical error estimates.
Ab Initio Simulations of Dense Helium Plasmas
Creators: name: Wang, Cong
name: He, Xian-Tu
name: Zhang, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermophysical properties of dense helium plasmas by using quantum molecular dynamics and orbital-free molecular dynamics simulations, where densities are considered from 400 to 800 g/cm$^{3}$ and temperatures up to 800 eV. Results are presented for the equation of state. From the Kubo-Greenwood formula, we derive the electrical conductivity and electronic thermal conductivity. In particular, with the increase in temperature, we discuss the change in the Lorenz number, which indicates a transition from strong coupling and degenerate state to moderate coupling and partial degeneracy regime for dense helium.
description: 4 PRL pages, 3 figures
Collective Dipole Model of AdS/CFT and Higher Spin Gravity
Creators: name: Jevicki, Antal
name: Jin, Kewang
name: Ye, Qibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a first quantized construction of the AdS_{d+1}/CFT_d correspondence using the bi-local representation of the free d-dimensional large N vector model. The earlier reconstruction of AdS_4 higher-spin gravity provides a scheme where the AdS spacetime (and higher-spin fields) are given by the composite bi-local fields. The underlying first quantized, world-sheet picture is extracted in the present work and generalized to any dimension. A higher-spin AdS particle model is shown to emerge from the collective bi-particle system of Minkowski particles through a canonical transformation. As such this construction provides a simple explicit mechanism of the AdS/CFT correspondence.
description: 16 pages, no figures; v2: references added; v3: minor changes
Gamma-rays from ultracompact minihalos: potential constraints on the primordial curvature perturbation
Creators: name: Josan, Amandeep S.
name: Green, Anne M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracompact minihalos (UCMHs) are dense dark matter structures which can form from large density perturbations shortly after matter-radiation equality. If dark matter is in the form of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), then UCMHs may be detected via their gamma-ray emission. We investigate how the {\em{Fermi}} satellite could constrain the abundance of UCMHs and place limits on the power spectrum of the primordial curvature perturbation. Detection by {\em Fermi} would put a lower limit on the UCMH halo fraction. The smallest detectable halo fraction, $f_{\rm UCMH} \gtrsim 10^{-7}$, is for $M_{\rm UCMH} \sim 10^{3} M_{\odot}$. If gamma-ray emission from UCMHs is not detected, an upper limit can be placed on the halo fraction. The bound is tightest, $f_{\rm UCMH} \lesssim 10^{-5}$, for $M_{\rm UCMH} \sim 10^{5} M_{\odot}$. The resulting upper limit on the power spectrum of the primordial curvature perturbation in the event of non-detection is in the range $\mathcal{P_R} \lesssim 10^{-6.5}- 10^{-6}$ on scales $k \sim 10^{1}-10^{6} \, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$. This is substantially tighter than the existing constraints from primordial black hole formation on these scales, however it assumes that dark matter is in the form of WIMPs and UCMHs are not disrupted during the formation of the Milky Way halo.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D, minor changes
Charm-quark mass from weighted finite energy QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Bodenstein, S.
name: Bordes, J.
name: Dominguez, C. A.
name: Peñarrocha, J.
name: Schilcher, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The running charm-quark mass in the $\bar{MS}$ scheme is determined from weighted finite energy QCD sum rules (FESR) involving the vector current correlator. Only the short distance expansion of this correlator is used, together with integration kernels (weights) involving positive powers of $s$, the squared energy. The optimal kernels are found to be a simple {\it pinched} kernel, and polynomials of the Legendre type. The former kernel reduces potential duality violations near the real axis in the complex s-plane, and the latter allows to extend the analysis to energy regions beyond the end point of the data. These kernels, together with the high energy expansion of the correlator, weigh the experimental and theoretical information differently from e.g. inverse moments FESR. Current, state of the art results for the vector correlator up to four-loop order in perturbative QCD are used in the FESR, together with the latest experimental data. The integration in the complex s-plane is performed using three different methods, fixed order perturbation theory (FOPT), contour improved perturbation theory (CIPT), and a fixed renormalization scale $μ$ (FMUPT). The final result is $\bar{m}_c (3\, {GeV}) = 1008\,\pm\, 26\, {MeV}$, in a wide region of stability against changes in the integration radius $s_0$ in the complex s-plane.
description: A short discussion on convergence issues has been added at the end of the paper
Triangular flow in heavy ion collisions in a multiphase transport model
Creators: name: Xu, Jun
name: Ko, Che Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained a new set of parameters in a multiphase transport (AMPT) model that are able to describe both the charged particle multiplicity density and elliptic flow measured in Au+Au collisions at center of mass energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), although they still give somewhat softer transverse momentum spectra. We then use the model to predict the triangular flow due to fluctuations in the initial collision geometry and study its effect relative to those from other harmonic components of anisotropic flows on the di-hadron azimuthal correlations in both central and mid-central collisions.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, small changes made to the figures and the text, version to appear in Phys. Rev. C
Optimal atomic-resolution structures of prion AGAAAAGA amyloid fibrils
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiapu
name: Sun, Jie
name: Wu, Changzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray crystallography is a powerful tool to determine the protein 3D structure. However, it is time-consuming and expensive, and not all proteins can be successfully crystallized, particularly for membrane proteins. Although nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is indeed a very powerful tool in determining the 3D structures of membrane proteins, it is also time-consuming and costly. To the best of the authors' knowledge, there is little structural data available on the AGAAAAGA palindrome in the hydrophobic region (113-120) of prion proteins due to the noncrystalline and insoluble nature of the amyloid fibril, although many experimental studies have shown that this region has amyloid fibril forming properties and plays an important role in prion diseases. In view of this, the present study is devoted to address this problem from computational approaches such as global energy optimization, simulated annealing, and structural bioinformatics. The optimal atomic-resolution structures of prion AGAAAAGA amyloid fibils reported in this paper have a value to the scientific community in its drive to find treatments for prion diseases.
description: The paper corrects many errors of old versions
Phase separation in a polarized Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Yi, W.
name: Guo, G. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase separation of a spin polarized Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling near a wide Feshbach resonance. As a result of the competition between spin-orbit coupling and population imbalance, the phase diagram for a uniform gas develops a rich structure of phase separation involving gapless superfluid states which are topologically non-trivial. We find that these novel gapless phases can be stabilized by intermediate spin-orbit coupling strengths. We then demonstrate the phase separation induced by an external trapping potential and discuss the optimal parameter region for the experimental observation of the gapless superfluid phases.
description: 4.2 pages, 5 figures, replaced with the published version
Secants of Lagrangian Grassmannians
Creators: name: Boralevi, Ada
name: Buczyński, Jarosław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M99, 14M17, 15A69

description: We study the dimensions of secant varieties of the Grassmannian of Lagrangian subspaces in a symplectic vector space. We calculate these dimensions for third and fourth secant varieties. Our result is obtained by providing a normal form for four general points on such a Grassmannian and by explicitly calculating the tangent spaces at these four points.
Coherent states for quadratic Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Contreras-Astorga, Alonso
name: C, David J Fernandez
name: Velazquez, Mercedes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent states for a set of quadratic Hamiltonians in the trap regime are constructed. A matrix technique which allows to identify directly the creation and annihilation operators will be presented. Then, the coherent states as simultaneous eigenstates of the annihilation operators will be derived, and they are going to be compared with those attained through the displacement operator method. The corresponding wave function will be found, and a general procedure for obtaining several expected values involving the canonical operators in these states will be described. The results will be illustrated through the asymmetric Penning trap.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, small changes. Accepted for publication in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor
Accelerated Miocene incision along the Yangtze River driven by headward drainage basin expansion
Creators: name: Rohrmann, Alexander
name: Kirby, Eric
name: Schwanghart, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Yangtze River
subject: rapid fluvial incision
subject: Miocene
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Along the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, the onset of rapid fluvial incision during the Miocene is commonly attributed to growth of high topography. Recent recognition of lacustrine strata preserved atop interfluves, however, suggest that headward expansion of river networks drove migration of the topographic divide. Here, we explore the impact of this process on fluvial incision along the Yangtze River. Landscape evolution simulations demonstrate that expansion of the Yangtze watershed since the Late Miocene could be responsible for 1 to 2 kilometers of fluvial incision. The distribution of modern knickpoints and river profiles is consistent with this hypothesis. We suggest that increased erosive power associated with capture and basin integration drove accelerated incision during the Late Miocene. Our results imply that eastern Tibet was elevated before middle Cenozoic time and that the tempo of fluvial incision may be out of phase with uplift of plateau topography.
Optically erasing disorder in semiconductor microcavities with dynamic nuclear polarization
Creators: name: Liew, T. C. H.
name: Savona, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean squared value of the photonic disorder is found to be reduced by a factor of 100 in a typical GaAs based microcavity, when exposed to a circularly polarized continuous wave optical pump without any special spatial patterning. Resonant excitation of the cavity mode excites a spatially non-uniform distribution of spin-polarized electrons, which depends on the photonic disorder profile. Electrons transfer spin to nuclei via the hyperfine contact interaction, inducing a long-living Overhauser magnetic field able to modify the potential of exciton-polaritons.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Qualitätsgesicherte Multi-Author-Blogs: Das partizipative Potenzial innovativer Publikationsformate
Creators: name: Dalkilic, Evin
name: Fischer, Georg
name: Gast, Konstantin
name: Kunz, Raffaela
name: Steinbeis, Max
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Access
Rechtswissenschaften
Zugang
Blog

description: In der deutschen Rechtswissenschaft scheint bereits die Idee von Open Access (OA) einen schweren Stand zu haben: Eine Reihe von Wissenschaftler:innen üben offen Kritik an der Idee oder bezweifeln sogar die Verfassungsmäßigkeit von Open-Access-Vorgaben oder -Richtlinien. Nichtsdestotrotz sind in den letzten Jahren innovative digitale Formate entstanden, die hochwertige rechtswissenschaftliche Inhalte OA veröffentlichen. Nennenswerte Beispiele sind der Verfassungsblog und der Völkerrechtsblog. Diese Plattformen nennen sich „Blogs“, stellen als qualitätsgesicherte Multi-Author-Blogs (QMABs) aber tatsächlich eine neue, innovative, frei verfügbare und genuin digitale Form des wissenschaftlichen Publizierens dar, die zwischen wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriften und traditionellen Medien/Presse angesiedelt ist.
 In einem QMAB können Expert:innen (in der Regel Wissenschaftler:innen) tagesaktuell Ereignisse analysieren, einordnen und kommentieren. QMABs in der Rechtswissenschaft und den Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften haben als innovatives Publikationsformat in den vergangenen Jahren eine wachsende Zahl an Autor:innen und Leser:innen hinzugewonnen. Auch die breite Öffentlichkeit nimmt zunehmend Notiz von diesen Plattformen. Gesellschaftspolitische Entwicklungen und Ereignisse sind häufig mit rechtlichen und rechtspolitischen Fragestellungen verknüpft, auf die auch Nicht-Wissenschaftler:innen Antworten suchen. Gleichzeitig haben Wissenschaftler:innen ein Interesse daran, ihre Expertise in den politischen Raum zu tragen. QMAB dienen somit nicht nur dem wissenschaftlichen Binnendiskurs, sondern ermöglichen es auch der breiten Öffentlichkeit, an Fachdiskursen teilzunehmen, etwa über die Kommentarfunktion – und all dies über staatliche Grenzen hinweg. Damit fördern QMABs nicht nur den wissenschaftlichen Austausch und öffnen Diskurse für ein breites Publikum, sondern internationalisieren diese auch. Hierin offenbaren sie ihr partizipatives und kommunikatives Potenzial, das letztlich dem wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisgewinn zugute kommt.
 Noch sind QMABs „Exoten“ unter den Wissenschaftspublikationen in den Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften. Sie sind aber dabei, ihre Position in der wissenschaftlichen Community zu behaupten und werden mittlerweile breit zitiert. Auf den Open-Access-Tagen möchten wir diskutieren, ob QMABs als Ausgangspunkt dienen können, OA (auch in OA-skeptischen Disziplinen) zu etablieren und alternative und inklusivere Formen des wissenschaftlichen Austauschs zu entwickeln.
Double Field Theory Formulation of Heterotic Strings
Creators: name: Hohm, Olaf
name: Kwak, Seung Ki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the recently constructed double field theory formulation of the low-energy theory of the closed bosonic string to the heterotic string. The action can be written in terms of a generalized metric that is a covariant tensor under O(D,D+n), where n denotes the number of gauge vectors, and n additional coordinates are introduced together with a covariant constraint that locally removes these new coordinates. For the abelian subsector, the action takes the same structural form as for the bosonic string, but based on the enlarged generalized metric, thereby featuring a global O(D,D+n) symmetry. After turning on non-abelian gauge couplings, this global symmetry is broken, but the action can still be written in a fully O(D,D+n) covariant fashion, in analogy to similar constructions in gauged supergravities.
description: 28 pages, v2: minor changes, version published in JHEP
Why should stakeholders consider the effect of tensions in collaborative innovation in healthcare—lessons learned from surveying integrated care projects in Germany
Creators: name: Haring, Malte
name: Schiller, Juliane
name: Gersch, Martin
name: Amelung, Volker
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Integrated care projects
subject: Innovation
subject: Implementation
subject: Contradictions
subject: Tensions
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Introduction The German Innovation Fund supports projects that aim to improve healthcare through integration and intersectoral collaboration. As is typical for collaborative innovation projects, partners often pursue different objectives, which can create tensions and affect outcomes. The study aims to explore the causes and effects of tensions in integrated care projects and how frameworks, processes, and management should be designed to deal with tensions and achieve their productive effects. Methods In an online survey we asked participants about the causes, effects, and management of tensions and their implications for integrated care projects (n = 58 completed questionnaires). We applied bivariate descriptive statistics to analyse the quantitative data. Results Tensions between stakeholders, caused by deep-seated differences and the design of the project frameworks, often affect the course and outcome of innovative integrated care projects. However, through appropriate conflict management and negotiation processes such tensions can be managed constructively and lead to better outcomes. Discussion Tension is usually seen as something unpleasant to be avoided and/or overcome. In fact, tensions can have positive effects, the importance of which remains little understood. Developing appropriate frameworks for managing and integrating different perspectives are key factors in unlocking the positive potential of tensions in integrated care projects.
On non-multiaffine consistent-around-the-cube lattice equations
Creators: name: Kassotakis, Pavlos
name: Nieszporski, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B20, 37K35, 39A05

description: We show that integrable involutive maps, due to the fact they admit three integrals in separated form, can give rise to equations, which are consistent around the cube and which are not in the multiaffine form assumed in papers [1, 2]. Lattice models, which are discussed here, are related to the lattice potential KdV equation by nonlocal transformations (discrete quadratures).
description: Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences Preprint No NI11010-DIS 2011
Lipid Analysis by Mass Spectrometry coupled with Laser Light
Creators: name: Kirschbaum, Carla
name: Pagel, Kevin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Action spectroscopy
subject: Laser
subject: Lipids
subject: Mass spectrometry
subject: Photodissociation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Lipids are small but complex biomolecules that feature an immense structural and functional diversity. The molecular structure and biological functions of lipids are intricately linked. Therefore, modern lipid analysis strives for complete structural elucidation and spatial mapping of individual species in tissues. Mass spectrometry is the uncontested key technology in lipidomics but cannot achieve this goal as a standalone technique. In particular, the distinction between frequently occurring isomers constitutes a major challenge. A promising step towards complete structural analysis of lipids consists in the coupling of mass spectrometry with laser light. Here we review recent advances in lipidomics applications employing laser-induced ultraviolet and infrared photodissociation and ion spectroscopy, which substantially increase the gain in structural information. Fundamental concepts, instrumentation and promises of these powerful emerging techniques for future lipid analysis are outlined.
The nuclear entry of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) relies on the first nuclear localization signal and can be negatively regulated through IMPα/β specific inhibitors
Creators: name: Haidar, Rashad
name: Shabo, Reneh
name: Moeser, Marie
name: Luch, Andreas
name: Kugler, Josephine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell biology
subject: Molecular biology
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: The human aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) undergoes continuous shuttling between nucleus and cytoplasm. Binding to exogenous or endogenous ligands promotes its rapid nuclear import. The proposed mechanism for the ligand-dependent import is based on exposing the bipartite nuclear localisation signal (NLS) to members of the importin (IMP) superfamily. Among this, the molecular interactions involved in the basal import still need to be clarified. Utilizing fluorescently fused AHR variants, we recapitulated and characterized AHR localization and nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling in living cells. Analysis of AHR variants carrying NLS point mutations demonstrated a mandatory role of first (13RKRRK17) and second (37KR-R40) NLS segments on the basal import of AHR. Further experiments indicated that ligand-induced import is mainly regulated through the first NLS, while the second NLS is supportive but not essential. Additionally, applying IMPα/β specific inhibitors, ivermectin (IVM) and importazole (IPZ), slowed down the ligand-induced import and, correspondingly, decreased the basal nuclear accumulation of the receptor. In conclusion, our data show that ligand-induced and basal nuclear entry of AHR rely on the same mechanism but are controlled uniquely by the two NLS components.
The distribution of annihilation luminosities in dark matter substructure
Creators: name: Koushiappas, Savvas M.
name: Zentner, Andrew R.
name: Kravtsov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the probability distribution function (PDF) of the expected annihilation luminosities of dark matter subhalos as a function of subhalo mass and distance from the Galactic center using a semi-analytical model of halo evolution. We find that the PDF of luminosities is relatively broad, exhibiting a spread of as much as an order of magnitude at fixed subhalo mass and halo-centric distance. The luminosity PDF allows for simple construction of mock samples of gamma-ray luminous subhalos and assessment of the variance in among predicted gamma-ray signals from dark matter annihilation. Other applications include quantifying the variance among the expected luminosities of dwarf spheroidal galaxies, assessing the level at which dark matter annihilation can be a contaminant in the expected gamma-ray signal from other astrophysical sources, as well as estimating the level at which nearby subhalos can contribute to the antimatter flux.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Replaced with version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Observation of new resonances decaying to $Dπ$ and $D^*π$ in inclusive $e^+e^-$ collisions near $\sqrt{s}=$10.58 GeV
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Sanchez, P. del Amo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the $D^+π^-$, $D^0π^+$, and $D^{*+}π^-$ systems in inclusive $e^+e^- \rightarrow c\bar{c}$ interactions in a search for new excited $D$ meson states. We use a dataset, consisting of $\sim$454 fb$^{-1}$, collected at center-of-mass energies near 10.58 GeV by the BABAR detector at the SLAC PEP-II asymmetric-energy collider. We observe, for the first time, candidates for the radial excitations of the $D^0$, $D^{*0}$, and $D^{*+}$, as well as the L=2 excited states of the $D^0$ and $D^+$, where $L$ is the orbital angular momentum of the quarks.
description: 8 pages, 7 postscript figures, accepted by PRD-RC
Two Component Dark Matters in S_4 x Z_2 Flavor Symmetric Extra U(1) Model
Creators: name: Daikoku, Yasuhiro
name: Okada, Hiroshi
name: Toma, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmic-ray anomaly observed by PAMELA based on E_6 inspired extra U(1) model with S_4 x Z_2 flavor symmetry. In our model, the lightest flavon has very long lifetime of O(10^{18)) second which is longer than the age of the universe, but not long enough to explain the PAMELA result ~ O(10^{26}) sec. Such a situation could be avoidable by considering that the flavon is not the dominant component of dark matters and the dominant one is the lightest neutralino. With appropriate parameter set, density parameter of dark matter and over-abundance of positron flux in cosmic-ray are realized at the same time. There is interesting correlation between spectrum of positron flux and V_{MNS}. No excess of anti-proton in cosmic-ray suggests that sfermions are heavier than 4 TeV and the masses of the light Higgs bosons are degenerated.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; version accepted for publication in Progress of Theoretical Physics
Understanding the “Berg limit”: the 65° contact angle as the universal adhesion threshold of biomatter
Creators: name: Kanduc, Matej
name: Schneck, Emanuel
name: Netz, Roland R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: water contact angle
subject: Berg limit
subject: universal adhesion threshold
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Surface phenomena in aqueous environments such as long-range hydrophobic attraction, macromolecular adhesion, and even biofouling are predominantly influenced by a fundamental parameter—the water contact angle. The minimal contact angle required for these and related phenomena to occur has been repeatedly reported to be around 65° and is commonly referred to as the “Berg limit.” However, the universality of this specific threshold across diverse contexts has remained puzzling. In this perspective article, we aim to rationalize the reoccurrence of this enigmatic contact angle. We show that the relevant scenarios can be effectively conceptualized as three-phase problems involving the surface of interest, water, and a generic oil-like material that is representative of the nonpolar constituents within interacting entities. Our analysis reveals that attraction and adhesion emerge when substrates display an underwater oleophilic character, corresponding to a “hydrophobicity under oil”, which occurs for contact angles above approximately 65°. This streamlined view provides valuable insights into macromolecular interactions and holds implications for technological applications.
Quantum Zeno effect with a superconducting qubit
Creators: name: Matsuzaki, Yuichiro
name: Saito, Shiro
name: Kakuyanagi, Kosuke
name: Semba, Kouichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed schemes are investigated for experimental verification of Quantum Zeno effect with a superconducting qubit. A superconducting qubit is affected by a dephasing noise whose spectrum is 1/f, and so the decay process of a superconducting qubit shows a naturally non-exponential behavior due to an infinite correlation time of 1/f noise. Since projective measurements can easily influence the decay dynamics having such non-exponential feature, a superconducting qubit is a promising system to observe Quantum Zeno effect. We have studied how a sequence of projective measurements can change the dephasing process and also we have suggested experimental ways to observe Quantum Zeno effect with a superconducting qubit. It would be possible to demonstrate our prediction in the current technology.
Matrix Norms, BPS Bounds and Marginal Stability in N=8 Supergravity
Creators: name: Ferrara, Sergio
name: Marrani, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the conditions of marginal stability for two-center extremal black holes in N-extended supergravity in four dimensions, with particular emphasis on the N=8 case. This is achieved by exploiting triangle inequalities satisfied by matrix norms. Using different norms and relative bounds among them, we establish the existence of marginal stability and split attractor flows both for BPS and some non-BPS solutions. Our results are in agreement with previous analysis based on explicit construction of multi-center solutions.
description: 1+15 pages; v2: some new formulas added and misprints corrected; v3: typos fixed, various refinements, Sec. 2.4 rewritten; to appear on JHEP
Generalized cosmological term from Maxwell symmetries
Creators: name: de Azcarraga, Jose A.
name: Kamimura, Kiyoshi
name: Lukierski, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By gauging the Maxwell spacetime algebra the standard geometric framework of Einstein gravity with cosmological constant term is extended by adding six fourvector fields A_μ^{ab}(x) associated with the six abelian tensorial charges in the Maxwell algebra. In the simplest Maxwell extension of Einstein gravity this leads to a generalized cosmological term that includes a contribution from these vector fields. We also consider going beyond the basic gravitational model by means of bilinear actions for the new Abelian gauge fields. Finally, an analogy with the supersymmetric generalization of gravity is indicated. In an Appendix, we propose an equivalent description of the model in terms of a shift of the standard spin connection by the A_μ^{ab}(x) fields.
description: 7 pages, RevTex style. Enlarged version to appear in PRD
Coexistence of Dirac-Cone States and Superconductivity in Iron Pnictide Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Ru$_x$As)$_2$
Creators: name: Tanabe, Y.
name: Huynh, K. K.
name: Heguri, S.
name: Mu, G.
name: Urata, T.
name: Xu, J.
name: Nouchi, R.
name: Mitoma, N.
name: Tanigaki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ru doping effect on the Dirac cone states is investigated in iron pnictide superconductors Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Ru$_x$As)$_2$ using the transverse magnetoresistance (MR) measurements as a function of temperature. The linear development of MR against magnetic field $B$ is observed for $x$ = 0 - 0.244 at low temperatures below the antiferromagnetic transition. The $B$-linear MR is interpreted in terms of the quantum limit of the Dirac cone states by using the model proposed by Abrikosov. An intriguing evidence is shown that the Dirac cone state persists on the electronic phase diagram where the antiferromagnetism and the superconductivity coexist.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Dynamical conductivity at the dirty superconductor-metal quantum phase transition
Creators: name: Del Maestro, Adrian
name: Rosenow, Bernd
name: Hoyos, J. A.
name: Vojta, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport properties of ultrathin disordered nanowires in the neighborhood of the superconductor-metal quantum phase transition. To this end we combine numerical calculations with analytical strong-disorder renormalization group results. The quantum critical conductivity at zero temperature diverges logarithmically as a function of frequency. In the metallic phase, it obeys activated scaling associated with an infinite-randomness quantum critical point. We extend the scaling theory to higher dimensions and discuss implications for experiments.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; (v2) minor typos corrected, published version
Functional Bethe ansatz methods for the open XXX chain
Creators: name: Frahm, Holger
name: Grelik, Jan H.
name: Seel, Alexander
name: Wirth, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectrum of the integrable open XXX Heisenberg spin chain subject to non-diagonal boundary magnetic fields. The spectral problem for this model can be formulated in terms of functional equations obtained by separation of variables or, equivalently, from the fusion of transfer matrices. For generic boundary conditions the eigenvalues cannot be obtained from the solution of finitely many algebraic Bethe equations. Based on careful finite size studies of the analytic properties of the underlying hierarchy of transfer matrices we devise two approaches to analyze the functional equations. First we introduce a truncation method leading to Bethe type equations determining the energy spectrum of the spin chain. In a second approach the hierarchy of functional equations is mapped to an infinite system of non-linear integral equations of TBA type. The two schemes have complementary ranges of applicability and facilitate an efficient numerical analysis for a wide range of boundary parameters. Some data are presented on the finite size corrections to the energy of the state which evolves into the antiferromagnetic ground state in the limit of parallel boundary fields.
description: minor changes, references added