cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Demographics of Family, Friend, and Neighbor Child Care in the United States
Creators: name: Susman-Stillman, Amy
name: Banghart, Patti L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Child care
Child caregivers
Children--Home care

description: This research brief summarizes the literature review entitled Demographics of Family, Friend and Neighbor Child Care in the United States. It addresses demographic questions such as:  What proportion of employed parents use FFN care? Do patterns of FFN use vary by the child’s age? Do patterns of FFN use vary by family characteristics, such as income level, ethnicity, and parent work schedule?  What are the characteristics of FFN caregivers?
Black Hole's 1/N Hair
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Gomez, Cesar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the standard view classically black holes carry no hair, whereas quantum hair is at best exponentially weak. We show that suppression of hair is an artifact of the semi-classical treatment and that in the quantum picture hair appears as an inverse mass-square effect. Such hair is predicted in the microscopic quantum description in which a black hole represents a self-sustained leaky Bose-condensate of N soft gravitons. In this picture the Hawking radiation is the quantum depletion of the condensate. Within this picture we show that quantum black hole physics is fully compatible with continuous global symmetries and that global hair appears with the strength B/N, where B is the global charge swallowed by the black hole. For large charge this hair has dramatic effect on black hole dynamics. Our findings can have interesting astrophysical consequences, such as existence of black holes with large detectable baryonic and leptonic numbers.
description: 13 pages, 2 Figures
Evolution in bouncing quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Mielczarek, Jakub
name: Piechocki, Wlodzimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the method of describing an evolution in quantum cosmology in the framework of the reduced phase space quantization of loop cosmology. We apply our method to the flat Friedman-Robertson-Walker model coupled to a massless scalar field. We identify the physical quantum Hamiltonian that is positive-definite and generates globally an unitary evolution of considered quantum system. We examine properties of expectation values of physical observables in the process of the quantum big bounce transition. The dispersion of evolved observables are studied for the Gaussian state. Calculated relative fluctuations enable an examination of the semi-classicality conditions and possible occurrence of the cosmic forgetfulness. Preliminary estimations based on the cosmological data suggest that there was no cosmic amnesia. Presented results are analytical, and numerical computations are only used for the visualization purposes. Our method may be generalized to sophisticated cosmological models including the Bianchi type universes.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures. Matches version published in Class. Quantum Grav
Academic Integrity: Faculty Development Needs for Canadian Higher Education - Research Project Brief
Creators: name: Crossman, Katie
name: Eaton, Sarah Elaine
name: Garwood, Kim
name: Stoesz, Brenda M.
name: McKenzie, Amanda
name: Cepuran, Brian
name: Kocher, Rose
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2019
Subjects: academic integrity
faculty
plagiarism
post-secondary
higher education
Canada

description: This collaborative project includes researchers from four Canadian universities (University of Calgary, University of Guelph, University of Manitoba , University of Waterloo), as well as partners from D2L. This is the inaugural project associated with the D2L Innovation Guild. The purpose of this research is to understand faculty perceptions and needs related to academic integrity in Canadian higher education. This mixed-methods study will include a survey to be administered to faculty at four Canadian institutions. The survey designed for this research project will be informed by previous research (i.e. McCabe, 1993). The first stage of this project includes a detailed literature review on faculty perceptions of academic integrity in Canada and globally. This literature review is meant to inform the development of a survey tool and the research methods. The survey tool will be designed to capture qualitative and quantitative data based on the faculty responses about academic integrity in Canada. The goal of this research is to explore and better understand how faculty members in Canadian higher education institutions support academic integrity. Key words: academic integrity, faculty, plagiarism, post-secondary, higher education, Canada
Basic Facts About Low-income Children, 2008: Children Under Age 18
Creators: name: Wight, Vanessa
name: Chau, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Poor children
Poor teenagers
Poor families
Poverty
Poverty--Measurement

description: Children represent 25 percent of the population. Yet, 41 percent of all children live in low-income families and nearly one in every five live in poor families. Winding up in a low-income or poor family does not happen by chance. There are significant factors related to children's experiences with economic insecurity, such as race/ethnicity and parents' education and employment. This fact sheet describes the demographic, socio-economic, and geographic characteristics of children and their parents — highlighting the important factors that appear to distinguish low-income and poor children from their less disadvantaged counterparts.
Fearlessness Psychology: An Introduction
Creators: name: Fisher, Robert Michael
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2019
Subjects: fear
fearlessness
fearlessnessizing
indigenizing
new psychology

description: The author tells of his resistances to and his love of “psychology” since his youthful years until the present. He sets up the most basic (inadequate) starting place for his new psychology or psychology in a ‘new key’ by placing his inquiry and explorations upon the reference of an “Indigenous Perspective” (or worldview). He calls this “fearlessness psychology” of which it immediately by name alone challenges that most all other psychologies available to humankind are fear-based in their conceptualization and in their offerings and thus no wonder the Fear Problem continues to blossom. He lays out the problematics of all he is doing here and claims that his entire exposition in this technical paper is necessary to go through—he believes it will communicate itself with a wider audience because of this—but his critical philosopher-self is constantly critical of just about everything he sets out—and, yet, there’s no room in this introductory paper to deal with all his philosophical critiques of his own work (and others). This he suggests, a conflictual tension throughout the paper, is probably a really good way to proceed creating a new psychology—which, he wishes he didn’t have to call a psychology per se. With that, the author proceeds to engage a fascinating array of ideas that potentially will change the way “Psychology” is conceived in the first place. The future, if it is to be at all healthy, sustainable and sane, ought to take this Fisherian path and the sooner the better. For it is worth, an improved universal ethical referent is needed, says the author and fearlessness psychology is one way to nourish that imperative and transformative option. A better wisdom and compassion, he argues is likely a consequence of this new psychology—which is not really a psychology.
Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of Post-Starburst Quasars
Creators: name: Cales, S. L.
name: Brotherton, M. S.
name: Shang, Zhaohui
name: Bennert, Vardha Nicola
name: Canalizo, G.
name: Stoll, R.
name: Ganguly, R.
name: Berk, D. Vanden
name: Paul, C.
name: Diamond-Stanic, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present images of 29 post-starburst quasars (PSQs) from a Hubble Space Telescope (\emph{HST}) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) Wide Field Channel Snapshot program. These broad-lined active galactic nuclei (AGN) possess the spectral signatures of massive ($M_{burst} \sim 10^{10} M_{\odot}$), moderate-aged stellar populations (hundreds of Myrs). Thus, their composite nature provides insight into the AGN-starburst connection. We measure quasar-to-host galaxy light contributions via semi-automated two-dimensional light profile fits of PSF-subtracted images. We examine the host morphologies, as well as, model the separate bulge and disk components. The \emph{HST}/ACS-F606W images reveal an equal number of spiral (13/29) and early-type (13/29) hosts, with the remaining three hosts having indeterminate classifications. AGNs hosted by early-type galaxies have on average greater luminosity than those hosted by spiral galaxies. Disturbances, such as tidal tails, shells, star-forming knots, and asymmetries are seen as signposts of interaction/merger activity. Disturbances such as these were found in 17 of the 29 objects and are evenly distributed among early-type and spiral galaxies. Two of these systems are clearly merging with their companions. Compared to other AGN of similar luminosity and redshift these PSQs have a higher fraction of early-type hosts and disturbances. Our most luminous objects with disturbed early-type host galaxies appear to be consistent with merger products. Thus, these luminous disturbed galaxies may represent a phase in an evolutionary scenario for merger driven activity and of hierarchical galaxy evolution. Our less luminous objects appear to be consistent with Seyfert galaxies not requiring triggering by major mergers. Many of these Seyferts are barred spiral galaxies.
雁田水库环境微生物
Creators: name: 赵小超(XiaochaoZhao)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Metagenome
Environment
Environmental

description: Here we investigated the differences in microbial diversity at different sampling sites, the main environmental factors affecting microbial diversity, and the distribution of drug resistance genes and algal toxin genes in Yantian Reservoir using metagenomics.
Basic Facts About Low-income Children, 2008: Children Under Age 3
Creators: name: Wight, Vanessa
name: Chau, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Poor children
Poor families
Poverty
Poverty--Measurement

description: Children represent 25 percent of the population. Yet, 41 percent of all children live in low-income families and nearly one in every five live in poor families. Our very youngest children, infants and toddlers under age 3, appear to be particularly vulnerable with 44 percent living in low-income and 22 percent living in poor families. Winding up in a low-income or poor family does not happen by chance. There are significant factors related to children's experiences with economic insecurity, such as race/ethnicity and parents' education and employment. This fact sheet describes the demographic, socio-economic, and geographic characteristics of infants and toddlers and their parents — highlighting the important factors that appear to distinguish low-income and poor children in this age group from their less disadvantaged counterparts.
Counterfeit Credentials: Recommendations for Higher Education Professionals (Infographic)
Creators: name: Carmichael, Jamie
name: Eaton, Sarah Elaine
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2020
Subjects: academic integrity
fraud
admissions fraud
fake degree

description: This infographic offers practical tips for higher educational professors, faculty and administrators to develop awareness about to spot counterfeit credentials (including, but not limited to, fake degrees, tampered transcripts, and fraudulent letters of recommendation).
Search for Gamma-ray Emission from X-ray Selected Seyfert Galaxies with Fermi-LAT
Creators: name: LAT Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a systematic investigation of the gamma-ray properties of 120 hard X-ray-selected Seyfert galaxies classified as `radio-quiet' objects, utilizing the three-year accumulation of Fermi-LAT data. Our sample of Seyfert galaxies is selected using the Swift-BAT 58-month catalog, restricting the analysis to the bright sources with average hard X-ray fluxes F(14-195 keV) > 2.5x10-11 erg cm-2 s-1 at high Galactic latitudes (|b|>10 deg). In order to remove `radio-loud' objects from the sample, we use the `hard X-ray radio loudness parameter', Rrx, defined as the ratio of the total 1.4 GHz radio to 14-195 keV hard X-ray energy fluxes. Among 120 X-ray bright Seyfert galaxies with Rrx <10-4, we did not find a statistically significant gamma-ray excess (TS>25) positionally coincident with any target Seyferts, with possible exceptions of ESO 323-G077 and NGC 6814. The mean value of the 95 % confidence level gamma-ray upper limit for the integrated photon flux above 100 MeV from the analyzed Seyferts is ~ 4 x 10-9 ph cm-2 s-1 and the upper limits derived for several objects reach ~ 1 x 10-9 ph cm-2 s-1. Our results indicate that no prominent gamma-ray emission component related to active galactic nucleus activity is present in the spectra of Seyferts around GeV energies. The Fermi-LAT upper limits derived for our sample probe the ratio of gamma-ray to X-ray luminosities Lg/LX < 0.1, and even <0.01 in some cases. The obtained results impose novel constraints on the models for high energy radiation of `radio-quiet' Seyfert galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, 40 pages, 10 figures 3 tables, updated using 3-year Fermi-LAT data with the latest instrument calibration. - contact authors: Masaaki Hayashida (mahaya@slac.stanford.edu), Lukasz Stawarz (stawarz@astro.isas.jaxa.jp), Keith Bechtol (bechtol@stanford.edu), and Greg Madejski (madejski@slac.stanford.edu)
Linking Mental Health and Child Care and Early Education Services: A Key Topic Resource List
Creators: name: Child Care & Early Education Research Connections
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Child mental health
Child mental health services
Child care
Early childhood education

description: Research Connections conducted a comprehensive search of its collection for resources focused on linking mental health and child care and early education services. This Key Topic Resource List includes an overview of the topic, as well as a listing of selected resources on the topic.
Stable magnetic monopoles in spinor polariton condensates
Creators: name: Solnyshkov, D. D.
name: Flayac, H.
name: Malpuech, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider half-integer topological defects in a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate of exciton-polaritons. We show that they accelerate under the effect of an in-plane effective magnetic field, like regular electric charges in the electric field. The trajectories of these analogues of magnetic monopoles are derived analytically and checked by numerical simulations. We show that these "magnetic charges" propagate at large in-plane velocities and remain stable up to a critical magnetic field, thanks to the unique spin-anisotropy of polariton interactions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
title: Characterisation of sugars in chocolate and chocolate-manufacturing precursors by X-ray diffraction
Creators: name: Nicholls, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: The presence of amorphous and crystalline forms of the various sugars present in chocolate plays a significant role in the production of, and taste/texture of the final product. A great deal of work has focussed on characterising the physical forms of fats in chocolate, and much less upon the sugars. This thesis focusses mainly upon the use of laboratory-based X-ray diffraction (in particular, powder X-ray diffraction), as a means of identifying and quantifying the various sugar (sucrose and lactose) crystalline forms (“phases”) present in both chocolate, and the chocolate crumb that is a key intermediate in certain types of chocolate manufacturing processes. Key to this work was the development of reliable procedures for sample presentation in the transmission capillary mode of diffraction, and development of a method for reliable quantitative phase analysis of chocolate and chocolate crumb. It was found that by incorporating a carefully selected internal standard (diamond powder) in the samples being analysed, not only could accurate weight percentages be found for the various crystalline components of the chocolate, but also the percentage of sugars that were present in an amorphous form could be calculated. This approach is fully validated, including by the use of known quantities of amorphous lactose generated “in house” and provides a powerful, complementary approach to other techniques such as DSC, and is applicable to raw materials, process intermediates (chocolate crumb) and finished products. Whilst studying the crystallisation of lactose in isolation, a powder X-ray diffraction pattern was obtained which could not be explained by any combination of the five known crystalline forms of lactose. This pattern, which resisted all attempts at powder indexing, was able to be fully characterised when a microcrystal (76 × 24 × 18 μm) was isolated from the recrystallised powder, subjected to single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and found to be a new crystalline form of αβ-D-lactose. The orientations of the numerous -OH groups in this new Z’=2 form were verified by using periodic dispersion-corrected DFT calculations. Armed with this novel crystal structure, the recrystallised powder was shown to be a three-phase mixture of crystalline lactose forms, with quantitative phase analysis showing that the novel αβ-D-lactose was the dominant component. This highlights the power of combining single-crystal X-ray diffraction and powder X-ray diffraction to solve otherwise refractory problems, shedding new light on a sugar that has been studied for decades. Overall, the work shows the importance of careful experimental X-ray diffraction and its associated data analysis techniques in fully characterising complex mixtures of crystal forms. In particular, the quantitative phase analysis method developed herein has gone on to find routine use by Mondelez in the characterisation of many of the samples they generate.
Arthritis, aches and pains, and arthritis services : experiences from within an urban First Nations community
Creators: name: McDonald, Heather L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation explored the experiences of health and healthcare reported by members of an urban First Nations community who had arthritis and the ways in which arthritis health services were aligned (or not aligned) with these experiences. Using a community-based, participatory design, grounded in decolonizing methodologies and ethnographic methods, this study had two research fields that related to the research questions. Study activities in one research field included intensive immersion in a First Nations community over a period of three years, and interviews with 24 community members. In the second field, which included three arthritis services settings, study activities involved approximately 100 hours of immersion and interviews with 30 healthcare professionals. The analysis of community-based data revealed that experiences of ongoing arthritis/pain and social suffering were inextricably linked to and underpinned by the social and historical context of life in the community. Most, but not all, community participants were reluctant users of health services, largely related to prior negative experiences utilizing health services. The organization and delivery of arthritis health services, shaped by dominant healthcare discourses, were not well aligned with the experiences of First Nations peoples with arthritis; rationing and biomedical discourses limited the ability of the system to be responsive to social contexts, and culturalist and self-management discourses served to deflect healthcare professionals’ attention away from the role that social and material life conditions played in shaping the experiences of First Nations individuals living with arthritis. Amongst arthritis health services leaders and professionals there was a sincere desire to provide effective, quality care to all people with arthritis. Creating more opportunities for social/critical knowledge to be present in health services settings could go a long way towards improving the alignment of arthritis services with arthritis experiences of First Nations peoples.
the risk across feces, dust, flies, sewage, and soil along laying hen production chain
Creators: name: 赖善明(Lsm)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Metagenome
Environment

description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and pathogens derived from food animals and their associated environments have emerged as a daunting threat to humans from One Health perspectives, but our understanding of these risks and their key prevention and control point in current increasing intensive breeding industry remains poor. By creating an integral composition and risk profile of resistome and microbiome via metagenomics in feces, flies, dust, sewage, and soil along the four-stage laying hen production chain, we found that the whole production chain was a hotspot for antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) and pathogens, and feces and flies as major risk sources shaped these contaminations.
Rakhtera rock-cut inscription of VS 1555
Creators: name: M. B. Garde
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Rakhterā (रखतेरा Guna, Madhya Pradesh). Foot prints near a large rock-cut image of Ādinātha (at a site known as Bhiyāṃdāṃt). Working transcription of the Sanskrit by Clifford Wright and Peter Flügel (02/2019).
Scholarships Without Scruples (Infographic)
Creators: name: Eaton, Sarah Elaine
name: Carmichael, Jamie
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2021
Subjects: higher education
academic integrity
fraud
scholarship
ethics

description: A 1-page infographic to help students recognize the signs of a scholarship scam. This resource is designed to promote consumer awareness among students and also to highlight how fraud occurs with respect to (alleged) scholarships.
Continuity and Stability: Dynamics of Child Care Subsidy Use in Oregon
Creators: name: Weber, Roberta B.
name: Davis, Elizabeth E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Child care
Child care--Government policy
Child care--Finance
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states

description: This report is one of four being published by members of the team studying the dynamics of child care subsidy use. It provides a detailed look at Oregon families receiving child care subsidies and the factors associated with length of subsidy receipt and provider stability, and it compares the findings with those of the four other states studied by the dynamics study team—Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, and Texas. Separate state reports will also be published for Illinois and Maryland. The fourth report: The Dynamics of Child Care Subsidy Use: A Collaborative Study of Five States, covers all the study states.
Who are America's Poor Children? The Official Story
Creators: name: Wight, Vanessa
name: Chau, Michelle M.
name: Aratani, Yumiko
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Poor families
Poor children

description: Fourteen million American children live in families with incomes below the federal poverty level, which is $22,050 a year for a family of four. The number of children living in poverty increased by 21 percent between 2000 and 2008. There are 2.5 million more children living in poverty today than in 2000. Not only are these numbers troubling, the official poverty measure tells only part of the story. Research consistently shows that, on average, families need an income of about twice the federal poverty level to make ends meet. Children living in families with incomes below this level — for 2009, $44,100 for a family of four — are referred to as low income. Forty-one percent of the nation's children — more than 29 million in 2008 — live in low-income families. Nonetheless, eligibility for many public benefits is based on the official poverty measure. This fact sheet — the first in a series focusing on economic and material hardship — details some of the characteristics of American children who are considered poor by the official standard.
Vascular endothelial growth factor-induced permeability in the pathogenesis of cardiac allograft vasculopathy
Creators: name: Wong, Brian Wing Chi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Rationale: Endothelial dysfunction can lead to increased permeability, and this may contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). This dissertation focuses on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a protein that can mediate angiogenesis and is a potent inducer of vascular permeability. It was my goal to characterize the expression and localization of VEGF in CAV and to elucidate the mechanisms which may relate to its role in the pathogenesis of CAV. Central hypothesis: VEGF plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of CAV by inducing endothelial cell hyperpermeability to low-density lipoproteins (LDL). Methods: Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization for VEGF were performed on coronary artery segments from patients with native atherosclerosis (NA), diabetes mellitus with atherosclerosis (DM) and CAV. Human coronary artery endothelial cell (HCAEC) and human cardiac microvascular endothelial cell (HCMEC) primary cultures were used to investigate VEGF-induced permeability using transendothelial electrical resistance (TER) measurements, immunocytochemistry for tight junction proteins and LDL permeability. A mouse model of heterotopic cardiac transplantation was used to assess the therapeutic potential of abrogation of VEGF function on CAV using soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sVEGFR1) administration. Key results: There was significant upregulation of VEGF-A in the intima and media of coronary arteries in CAV, NA and DM. As well, there was significant upregulation of VEGF-D in the media of coronary arteries in CAV and in the intima and media of coronary arteries in DM. Treatment with VEGF-A₁₂₁, VEGF-A₁₆₅ and VEGF-D significantly decreased TER, significantly increased LDL permeability, and induced the formation of intercellular gaps and decreased immunoreactivity of the tight junctional protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) along adjacent endothelial membranes in confluent monolayers. Co-incubation with the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK/MEK1) inhibitor U0126 prevented the formation of intercellular gaps and maintained regularity of ZO-1 immunoreactivity along endothelial membranes. Administration of sVEGFR1 in a mouse model of heterotopic cardiac transplantation resulted in a significant decrease in luminal narrowing in transplanted hearts at 21 days post-transplantation. Conclusion: Taken together, this body of work clearly demonstrates that VEGF plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of CAV.
Optimum Learning for All Students: Highlights from the Research Literature
Creators: name: Stelmach, Bonnie L.
name: Hunter, Darryl M.
name: Brown, Barbara
name: O'Connor, Barbara
name: Brandon, Jim
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2019
Subjects: Professional Practice Standards

description: Highlights are shared from an extensive review of the research literature on optimum student learning, quality teaching practices, quality leadership practices, as well as the research on other countries/jurisdictions where a ’standards-based’ approach to teaching, school, and system leading have been adopted. Representatives of the four-university research team from the Universities of Alberta, Calgary, Lethbridge, and Concordia University of Edmonton share insights from the literature that are foundational to the Alberta Education authorized 4-year longitudinal mixed-methods research study designed to assess, deepen, and extend the implementation process for Alberta’s three professional practice standards: The Teaching Quality Standard, the Leadership Quality Standard, and the Superintendent Leadership Quality Standard. Slides were presented at the ULead Conference in Banff, Alberta on May 14, 2019.
Fuzzy Logic Classification in Review Spam Detection
Creators: name: Rachdi, Btissam
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: review spam detection, frequent pattern mining, outlier detection
subject: Computer Science

description: With the recent popularity of e-commerce, customers publish reviews about the products or services they purchased or utilized and these reviews in turn serve as the means for the potential customers to make a better choice based on the experiences of others. These pieces of opinion information are not only important for individual users but also benefit the business organizations, as they can monitor the customers’ opinions, and accordingly adjust their business strategies. However, many of the reviewing systems exploit this motivation for some people to enter their fake reviews to promote some products or defame some others. Hence, in recent years, review analysis has gained a lot of importance and by using opinion-mining detection; I could locate and eliminate potential spam reviews. In this thesis, I have introduced fuzzy logic in the review spam detection and combined two others data mining techniques, periodicity of frequent pattern and the outlier detection to study the behavior of the reviewer towards the reviewed product and classify the users using the fuzzy logic classification model. Thus, the proposed analysis have been proposed and examined over a sample of dataset.
Random matrices and quantum chaos in weakly-disordered graphene nanoflakes
Creators: name: Rycerz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical distribution of energy levels for Dirac fermions confined in a quantum dot is studied numerically on the examples of triangular and hexagonal graphene flakes with random electrostatic potential landscape. When increasing the disorder strength, level distribution evolves from Poissonian to Wigner, indicating the transition to quantum chaos. The unitary ensemble (with the twofold valley degeneracy) is observed for triangular flakes with zigzag or Klein edges and potential varying smoothly on the scale of atomic separation. For small number of edge defects, the unitary-to-orthogonal symmetry transition is found at zero magnetic field. For remaining systems, the orthogonal ensemble appears. These findings are rationalized by means of additive random-matrix models for the cases of weak and strong intervalley scattering of charge carriers in graphene. The influence of weak magnetic fields, as well as the strong-disorder-induced wavefunction localization, on the level distribution is also briefly discussed.
description: Minor revisions; new Section VI "Spectral statistics in the localization range"
The Economic Crisis and the Health, Well-Being and Security of New York's Children and Families: Report of a Meeting, March 13, 2009
Creators: name: National Center For Children In Poverty
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Income distribution
Families--Health and hygiene
Family services
Global Financial Crisis (2008-2009)

description: The March 2009 New York Child Health Forum shed light on troubling long-term trends that have become only more salient in the context of today's economic crisis. These range from the rising income inequality and erosion of the income tax base that has jeopardized the state and city's fiscal situation to the persistent underpayment for community health center services that has put the centers very survival at risk. Moreover, while some indicators of child and family well-being in New York have been quite positive in recent years, serious problems persisted even in good economic times, such as insufficient access to affordable housing and child care. This brief meeting summary provides highlights from each of the speakers' comments, including their recommendations for addressing the critical challenges New York faces. Also below is information about where to find more detailed and up-to-date information about the impact of the economic crisis on New York's children and families.
Adolescent Mental Health in the United States
Creators: name: Schwarz, Susan Wile
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Teenagers--Mental health
Teenagers--Services for
Teenagers--Health and hygiene

description: Adolescence is a critical period for mental, social, and emotional wellbeing and development. During adolescence, the brain undergoes significant developmental changes, establishing neural pathways and behavior patterns that will last into adulthood. Because their brains are still developing, adolescents are particularly receptive to the positive influences of youth development strategies, social and emotional learning, and behavioral modeling. But adolescents' developing brains, coupled with hormonal changes, make them more prone to depression and more likely to engage in risky and thrill-seeking behaviors than either younger children or adults. These and other factors underline the importance of meeting the mental, social, and emotional health needs of this age group. Mental health and social and emotional wellbeing — combined with sexual and reproductive health, violence and unintentional injury, substance use, and nutrition and obesity — form part of a complex web of potential challenges to adolescents' healthy emotional and physical development.
State Early Childhood Policies: Executive Summary
Creators: name: Stebbins, Helene
name: Knitzer, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Children--Services for--Evaluation
Children--Services for--Government policy
Child development

description: Early childhood is a time of great opportunity. State policymakers recognize this and some are trying to use resources strategically to promote healthy development and school readiness in young children. This report, based on findings from NCCP's Improving the Odds for Young Children project, highlights key findings from NCCP's database of state policy choices that provides a unique picture of early childhood policies across the states. The report summarizes emerging patterns and can be used to stimulate a dialogue, both within the states and nationally, about how to make more strategic, coherent investments in young children.
Making Maternal and Child Health Care a Priority
Creators: name: Stebbins, Helene
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Children--Health and hygiene
Child health services
Mothers--Health and hygiene
Maternal health services

description: As the national debate about health care continues, two things remain clear about ensuring children's health: 1. Access to health insurance is not enough. While eligibility for and enrollment in Medicaid and/or SCHIP is fundamental, children must get to the doctor at regular intervals for the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of any special needs or developmental delays they have, coupled with follow-up referrals to needed services to address them. 2. Healthy children need healthy parents. The health of the mother — before, during, and after pregnancy — has a direct impact on the health of the child. To help inform the national and state-level debate on how to improve the health care system, this fact sheet takes a closer look at state policy choices that promote access to high-quality health care for mothers and children.
Perfect state transfer in XX chains induced by boundary magnetic fields
Creators: name: Linneweber, Thorben
name: Stolze, Joachim
name: Uhrig, Götz S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent numerical study of short chains found near-perfect quantum state transfer between the boundary sites of a spin-1/2 XX chain if a sufficiently strong magnetic field acts on these sites. We show that the phenomenon is based on a pair of states strongly localized at the boundaries of the system and provide a simple quantitative analytical explanation.
description: Revised version, accepted for publication in Int. J. Quant. Inf
Learning in Informal Library Spaces: the value for students
Creators: name: Beatty, Susan
Publisher: name: Libraries and Cultural Resources
Year: 2017
Subjects: Library spaces
Informal learning
academic libraries
student learning

description: conference paper
description: : The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the space design of informal learning spaces in an academic library and student learning behaviours. As academic libraries improve their spaces and create informal learning spaces it is essential to consider the nature of the learning behaviours of the students in the spaces. Through more thoughtful design based on considering understanding of the learner, the result will be improved, purposeful design of informal learning spaces in libraries centred on the relationship between learning, space and learner.
Accelerated Particle Swarm Optimization and Support Vector Machine for Business Optimization and Applications
Creators: name: Yang, Xin-She
name: Deb, Suash
name: Fong, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Optimization

description: Business optimization is becoming increasingly important because all business activities aim to maximize the profit and performance of products and services, under limited resources and appropriate constraints. Recent developments in support vector machine and metaheuristics show many advantages of these techniques. In particular, particle swarm optimization is now widely used in solving tough optimization problems. In this paper, we use a combination of a recently developed Accelerated PSO and a nonlinear support vector machine to form a framework for solving business optimization problems. We first apply the proposed APSO-SVM to production optimization, and then use it for income prediction and project scheduling. We also carry out some parametric studies and discuss the advantages of the proposed metaheuristic SVM.
description: 12 pages
Childhood and Intergenerational Poverty: The Long-Term Consequences of Growing Up Poor
Creators: name: Wagmiller, Robert Lee
name: Adelman, Robert M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Poverty
Poverty--Social aspects
Poor children
Poor children--Social conditions

description: Children growing up in low-income families face many challenges that children from more advantaged families do not. These children are more likely to experience multiple family transitions, move frequently, and change schools. The schools they attend are less well funded, and the neighborhoods they live in are more disadvantaged. The parents of these children have fewer resources to invest in them and, as a consequence, their homes have fewer cognitively-stimulating materials, and their parents invest less in their education. The stress of living in poverty and struggling to meet daily needs can also impair parenting. Social and economic deprivation during childhood and adolescence can have a lasting effect on individuals, making it difficult for children who grow up in low-income families to escape poverty when they become adults. Because the negative effects of deprivation on human development tend to cumulate, individuals with greater exposure to poverty during childhood are likely to have more difficulty escaping poverty as adults. In this research brief, we examine patterns of exposure to poverty during childhood and the association between these patterns and poverty in early and middle adulthood. Data for this study come from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), which collects information on the social and economic status of PSID families and their offspring every year. We find that individuals who grow up in poor families are much more likely to be poor in early adulthood. Moreover, the chances of being poor in early adulthood increase sharply as the time spent living in poverty during childhood increases. At all levels of poverty during childhood, African-Americans are more likely than whites to be poor in early and middle adulthood.
The Effect of Integrating Travel Time
Creators: name: Kretz, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution demonstrates the potential gain for the quality of results in a simulation of pedestrians when estimated remaining travel time is considered as a determining factor for the movement of simulated pedestrians. This is done twice: once for a force-based model and once for a cellular automata-based model. The results show that for the (degree of realism of) simulation results it is more relevant if estimated remaining travel time is considered or not than which modeling technique is chosen -- here force-based vs. cellular automata -- which normally is considered to be the most basic choice of modeling approach.
description: preprint of Pedestrian and Evacuation 2012 conference (PED2012) contribution
Debt and Assets Among Low-Income Families
Creators: name: Wagmiller, Robert Lee
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Debt
Poor families
Working poor

description: Low-income families today are burdened with rising levels of family debt but have few assets to leverage if they are confronted by a financial crisis, such as a job layoff or long illness. Our new report finds that among low-income families the average debt doubled between 1984 and 2001, while most have only a few hundred dollars in liquid assets.
Root exudates in the grassland ecosystem
Creators: name: Dietz, Sophie
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Um die Nährstoffverfügbarkeit zu erhöhen oder mit anderen Organismen interagieren zu können, exsudieren Pflanzen Metabolite des primären und sekundären Stoffwechsels in die Rhizosphäre. Diese exogenen, aber auch endogene Faktoren (z.B. Art-Identität und Pflanzen spezifische Merkmale) beeinflussen dabei die Zusammensetzung der exsudierten Metabolit-Profile. Diese Arbeit untersucht das Exsudationsmuster in einer natürlichen Rhizosphäre. Dafür wurden zehn mehrjährige Grasland-Arten in existierende Grasländer der „Biodiversitäts Exploratorien“ gepflanzt und auf ihre Exsudations Profile mittels zweier massenspektrometrischen und einer ungerichteten Metabolit-Profiling Methode analysiert. Ein Teil der Metabolite wurden klassifiziert und identifiziert. Die Exsudat Profile wurden auf Faktoren wie die pflanzlichen Merkmale, pflanzliche Artenzusammensetzung der Nachbarschaft, abiotische Boden und Klima Parameter und Landnutzung bezogen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass diese Faktoren einen Einfluss auf die Exsudation haben; die Stärke des Einflusses ist jedoch Metaboliten abhängig. Damit zeigt diese Arbeit, dass eine Untersuchung von Exsudaten unter realistischen, nicht-kontrollierten Feldbedingungen möglich ist.
description: Plants exude metabolites of the primary and secondary metabolism into the rhizosphere to affect the nutrient availability as well as interact with other organisms. These exogenous environmental and endogenous factors (e.g. species-specific and plant specific traits) influence the chemical composition of exuded metabolite profiles. This thesis aims to describe the exudate patterns in natural rhizosphere. Therefore, ten perennial grassland plant species were planted in existing grasslands of the Biodiversity Exploratories and analysed for their exudate profiles by two mass spectrometric and an untargeted metabolite-profiling approach. Metabolites were classified and identified to some extent. Exudate patterns were related to different drivers, including information on plant functional traits, plant species composition of the neighbourhood, abiotic soil and climate conditions and land use intensity. The results show that these factors affect the exudation of plant roots, whereby the relative impact of the different factors was found to be highly metabolite-specific. Thus, this thesis that an investigation of exudates under realistic non-controlled field conditions is feasible.
Computing the crosscap number of a knot using integer programming and normal surfaces
Creators: name: Burton, Benjamin A.
name: Ozlen, Melih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.4

description: The crosscap number of a knot is an invariant describing the non-orientable surface of smallest genus that the knot bounds. Unlike knot genus (its orientable counterpart), crosscap numbers are difficult to compute and no general algorithm is known. We present three methods for computing crosscap number that offer varying trade-offs between precision and speed: (i) an algorithm based on Hilbert basis enumeration and (ii) an algorithm based on exact integer programming, both of which either compute the solution precisely or reduce it to two possible values, and (iii) a fast but limited precision integer programming algorithm that bounds the solution from above. The first two algorithms advance the theoretical state of the art, but remain intractable for practical use. The third algorithm is fast and effective, which we show in a practical setting by making significant improvements to the current knowledge of crosscap numbers in knot tables. Our integer programming framework is general, with the potential for further applications in computational geometry and topology.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, 1 table; v2: minor revisions; to appear in ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software