cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phenomenological theory of superconductivity near domain walls in ferromagnets
Creators: name: Samokhin, K. V.
name: Shirokoff, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a phenomenological model of superconductivity near a domain wall in a ferromagnet. In addition to the electromagnetic interaction of the order parameter with the ferromagnetic magnetization, we take into account the possibility of a local enhancement or suppression of superconducting pairing in the vicinity of the wall, and also a non-perfect transparency of the wall to electrons. It is found that the critical temperature of superconductivity near the domain wall might be substantially higher than in the bulk.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
ГЕОЛОГО-ГЕОФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ИЗУЧЕННОСТЬ    МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИИ МЕЗОН  И ЕЁ НЕФТЕГАЗОНОСНОСТЬ
Creators: name: Гулмаматов, Отабек
name: Элмуродов, Дилшох
name: Темиров, Жохонгир
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статьи  приведены  геологический изученность месторождении Мезон
Graphs, Entities, and Step Mixture
Creators: name: Shin, Kyuyong
name: Shin, Wonyoung
name: Ha, Jung-Woo
name: Kwon, Sunyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing approaches for graph neural networks commonly suffer from the oversmoothing issue, regardless of how neighborhoods are aggregated. Most methods also focus on transductive scenarios for fixed graphs, leading to poor generalization for unseen graphs. To address these issues, we propose a new graph neural network that considers both edge-based neighborhood relationships and node-based entity features, i.e. Graph Entities with Step Mixture via random walk (GESM). GESM employs a mixture of various steps through random walk to alleviate the oversmoothing problem, attention to dynamically reflect interrelations depending on node information, and structure-based regularization to enhance embedding representation. With intensive experiments, we show that the proposed GESM achieves state-of-the-art or comparable performances on eight benchmark graph datasets comprising transductive and inductive learning tasks. Furthermore, we empirically demonstrate the significance of considering global information.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables accepted for ICML 2020 workshop on Graph Representation Learning and Beyond (GRL+ 2020)
Multiphoton antiresonance
Creators: name: Dykman, M. I.
name: Fistul, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that nonlinear response of a quantum oscillator displays antiresonant dips and resonant peaks with varying frequency of the driving field. The effect is a consequence of special symmetry and is related to resonant multiphoton mixing of several pairs of oscillator states at a time. We discuss the possibility to observe the antiresonance and the associated multiphoton Rabi oscillations in Josephson junctions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; corrected reference
Magnetar giant flare origin for GRB 200415A inferred from a new scaling relation and its implications
Creators: name: Zhang, Hai-Ming
name: Liu, Ruo-Yu
name: Zhong, Shu-Qing
name: Wang, Xiang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) are mainly a Galactic population and originate from neutron stars with intense ($B\simeq 10^{15}{\rm \ G}$) magnetic fields ('magnetars'). Occasionally, a giant flare occurs with enormous intensity, displaying a short hard spike, followed by a weaker, oscillatory phase which exhibits the rotational period of the neutron star. If the magnetar giant flares occur in nearby galaxies, they would appear as cosmic short-hard gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) without detecting the weak oscillatory phase. Recently, a short-hard GRB named GRB 200415A was detected, with a position coincident with the Sculptor Galaxy (NGC 253), rasing the question whether it is a classic short GRB or a magentar giant flare. Here we show that magnetar giant flares follow a scaling relation between the spectral peak energy and the isotropic energy in $1\,{\rm keV} - 10\,{\rm MeV}$, i.e., $E_{\rm p}\propto E_{\rm iso}^{1/4}$, and locate in a distinct region of the $E_{\rm p}-E_{\rm iso}$ plane from that of classic short GRBs. The relation can be well understood in the model that giant flares arise from the photosphere emissions of relativistically expanding fireball. GRB 200415A, together with two other candidate giant flares (GRB 051103 and GRB 070201) follow this relation, which strongly favor the giant flare origin of these GRBs. The GeV emission detected by \emph{Fermi}/LAT from GRB 200415A at $18-285 \,$s can also be explained in the giant flare scenario. The total energy in the GeV emission implies a baryon load of $\sim 10^{23}{\rm g}$ in the giant flare fireball of GRB 200415A.
description: Accepted by ApJL, 8 pages, 4 figures
Magnetic Small World Nanomaterials: Physical Small World Networks
Creators: name: Novotny, M. A.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Yancey, J.
name: Dubreus, T.
name: Cook, M. L.
name: Gill, S. G.
name: Norwood, I. T.
name: Novotny, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question addressed is whether magnetic materials based on physical small world networks are possible. Physical constraints, such as uniform bond length and embedding in three dimensions, are the new features added to make small world networks physical. Results are presented to further determine if physical small world networks can exist, and the effect of the small world connections on the critical phenomena of Ising models on such networks. Spectra of the Laplacian on randomly-collapsed bead-chain networks are studied. The scaling function for the order parameter of an Ising model with physical small world connections is presented.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures (each two parts), ReVTeX, proceedings for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials conference 2004
Magnetospheric Birefringence Induces Unique Polarization Signatures in Neutron-Star Spectra
Creators: name: Shannon, R. M.
name: Heyl, Jeremy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of polarization light through the magnetosphere of neutron stars. At intermediate frequencies (the optical through the infrared), both the birefringence induced by the plasma and by quantumelectrodynamics influence the observation polarization of radiation from the surface of the neutron star. Because these two processes compete in this regime, we find that polarization observations can constrain the properties of the neutron-star magnetosphere, specifically the total charge density. We calculate both the phase-resolved and the phase-averaged polarization signatures induced by magnetospheric birefringence.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, changes to reflect accepted version
ZNACZENIE DOPŁAT W GOSPODARSTWACH WIELOSTRONNYCH W KRAJACH UNII EUROPEJSKIEJ WEDŁUG WIELKOŚCI EKONOMICZNEJ
Creators: name: Grontkowska, Anna
name: Grontkowska, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: mixed farms
subject: total subsidies
subject: economic size of farm
subject: FADN
subject: European Union

description: The goal of this article is to present the structure of mixed farms in accordance to the FADN economic class sizes and the total amount of subsidies in different EU countries in the years 2004-2011. The data comes from FADN. The research shows that the largest group of mixed farms are the farms with standard output up to EUR 25 000, which account for 83.4% of the total number of mixed farms. 80% of the farms are in Poland and Romania. In the years 2004-2006 there was an increase in the amount of subsidies in the UE. In the year 2007 the level of subsidies was reduced by half. Since the year 2007 there had been another growth in the level of subsidies. In the years 2004-2011 the amount of subsidies received by Poland was one of the lowest in the UE. Farms in Finland received the highest level of subsidies per ESU while farms in the Netherlands and Romania received the lowest amount of financial support. Decoupled payments constituted two thirds of the subsidies for mixed farms.
Treecode-accelerated Green Iteration for Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Vaughn, Nathan
name: Gavini, Vikram
name: Krasny, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a real-space computational method called treecode-accelerated Green Iteration (TAGI) for all-electron Kohn-Sham Density Functional Theory. TAGI is based on a reformulation of the Kohn-Sham equations in which the eigenvalue problem in differential form is converted into a fixed-point problem in integral form by convolution with the modified Helmholtz Green's function. In each self-consistent field (SCF) iteration, the fixed-points are computed by Green Iteration, where the discrete convolution sums are efficiently evaluated by a GPU-accelerated barycentric Lagrange treecode. Other techniques used in TAGI include adaptive mesh refinement, Fejér quadrature, singularity subtraction, gradient-free eigenvalue update, and Anderson mixing to accelerate convergence of the SCF and Green Iterations. Ground state energy computations of several atoms (Li, Be, O) and small molecules (H$_2$, CO, C$_6$H$_6$) demonstrate TAGI's ability to efficiently achieve chemical accuracy.
Orbital solutions to the HD160691 (mu Arae) Doppler signal
Creators: name: Gozdziewski, Krzysztof
name: Konacki, Maciej
name: Maciejewski, Andrzej J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a dynamical analysis of the recently updated set of the radial velocity (RV) measurements of the HD160691 (mu Arae). The kinematic, 2-Keplerian model of the measurements leads to the best-fit solution in which the eccentricity of the outer planet is about 0.7 and its semi-major axis is about 4AU. The parameters of the inner planet are well determined. The eccentricity is about 0.3 and the semi-major axis is about 1.65AU. The best 2-Keplerian model leads to a catastrophically unstable configuration, self disrupting in less than 20,000yr. To derive dynamically stable configurations which are simultaneously consistent with the RV data, we use the so called GAMP (Genetic Algorithm with MEGNO Penalty). Using this method, we derive meaningful limits on the parameters of the outer planet which provide a stable behavior of the system. The best-fit solutions are located in a shallow valley of Chi^2, in the (a_c,e_c)-plane, extending over 2AU (for the formal 1sigma confidence interval of the best fit). We find two equally good best-fit solutions leading to the qualitatively different orbital configurations. One of them corresponds to the center of the 5:1 mean motion resonance (MMR) and the second one describes a configuration between the 6:1 and 17:2MMRs. The mu Arae system can be found in the zone confined to other low-order MMRs of the type p:1 with p>5. Our results support the classification of the mu Arae as a hierarchical planetary system, dynamically similar to other known multi-planet systems around HD12661 and HD169830. The results of the GAMP on the extended data set are fully consistent with our previous conclusions concerning a much shorter observational window.
description: 6 pages, 1 table, 13 figures in low resolution suitable for astro-ph. Submitted to ApJ
Additional file 1 of A Gleason score-related outcome model for human prostate cancer: a comprehensive study based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis
Creators: name: Yongzhi Wang
name: Yang, Zhonghua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Information of all datasets in our study.
Exploring Properties of Dark and Visible Mass Distribution on Different Scales in the Universe
Creators: name: Mishchenko, Yuriy
name: Ji, Chung-Ryong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short note we discuss recent observation of linear correlation on log-log scale between distribution of dark and visible mass in gravitationally bound systems. The coefficient of such correlation appears to be essentially the same for various systems of dramatically different scales such as spiral galaxies of different luminosities and galaxy clusters. We briefly touch possible interpretations of this observation and implications for the mass of dark matter particle.
description: presented at the DPF2004 meeting in Riverside, CA; to be published in a supplement in International Journal of Modern Physics A
PODATEK ROLNY JAKO ŹRÓDŁO DOCHODÓW WŁASNYCH GMIN WIEJSKICH W POLSCE
Creators: name: Gruziel, Kinga
name: Gruziel, Kinga
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: agricultural tax
subject: own revenues
subject: rural municipalities

description: The paper presents results of research on own income rural communes in Poland. The analysis proceeds by way of the agricultural tax and the share of agricultural tax in their income in terms of total and per hectare of arable land. Shows the diversity of own revenue rural communes in terms of territorial according to the Classification of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS). The analysis showed an association of own revenues of communes to their type. The relationship between the level of revenue of their own, and link between sources of income from the land factor. In 2009-2010, a reduction of own revenues of communes was the result of adverse economic conditions and climate and weather especially in the southern region and south-western region.
Analiza porównawcza instrumentów wsparcia WPR w ramach Wieloletniej Perspektywy Finansowej 2014-2020 w stosunku do WPR 2007-2013
Creators: name: Prus, Piotr
name: Mickiewicz, Bartosz
name: Prus, Piotr
name: Mickiewicz, Bartosz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: direct payments
subject: rural development
subject: union support

description: In the paper attention is put to comparison of financial support between 2007-2013 and 2014-2020. The analysis was made between two pillars of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and among Member States. The research shows that in I pillar, concerning mainly direct payments, there was noticed an increase of sources for new Member States (NUE-13) in comparison to EU-15. Analysing the amount of support in II pillar of CAP, concerning development of rural areas, reverse occurrence was noticed. In 2007- -2013 payments in I pillar were 286.5 bln euro and in the next financial perspective they increased to 294.4 bln euro (2.7%). On the other hand the budget of II pillar of CAP was increased from 88.3 bln euro to 95.3 bln euro (7.9%).
Why nonlocal recursion operators produce local symmetries: new results and applications
Creators: name: Sergyeyev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that integrable hierarchies in (1+1) dimensions are local while the recursion operators that generate them usually contain nonlocal terms. We resolve this apparent discrepancy by providing simple and universal sufficient conditions for a (nonlocal) recursion operator in (1+1) dimensions to generate a hierarchy of local symmetries. These conditions are satisfied by virtually all known today recursion operators and are much easier to verify than those found in earlier work. We also give explicit formulas for the nonlocal parts of higher recursion operators, Poisson and symplectic structures of integrable systems in (1+1) dimensions. Using these two results we prove, under some natural assumptions, the Maltsev--Novikov conjecture stating that higher Hamiltonian, symplectic and recursion operators of integrable systems in (1+1) dimensions are weakly nonlocal, i.e., the coefficients of these operators are local and these operators contain at most one integration operator in each term.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX 2e, final version
Dielectric matrix and plasmon dispersion in strongly coupled electronic bilayer liquids
Creators: name: Golden, Kenneth I.
name: Mahassen, Hania
name: Kalman, Gabor J.
name: Senatore, Gaetano
name: Rapisarda, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a dielectric matrix and analyze plasmon dispersion in strongly coupled charged-particle bilayers in the quantum domain. The formulation is based on the classical quasi-localized charge approximation (QLCA) and extends the QLCA formalism into the quantum domain. Its development, which parallels that of 2D companion paper [Phys. Rev. E 70, 026406 (2004)] by three of the authors, generalizes the single-layer scalar formalism therein to a bilayer matrix formalism. Using pair correlation function data generated from diffusion Monte Carlo simulations, we calculate the dispersion of the in-phase and out-of-phase plasmon modes over a wide range of in-layer coupling values and layer spacings. The out-of-phase spectrum exhibits an exchange-correlation induced long-wavelength energy gap in contrast to earlier predictions of acoustic dispersion softened by exchange-correlations. The energy gap is similar to what has been previously predicted for classical charged-particle bilayers and subsequently confirmed by recent molecular dynamics computer simulations.
description: 53 pages including 15 Figures with their captions. Submitted to Physical Review E
All Non-Maximally-Helicity-Violating One-Loop Seven-Gluon Amplitudes in N=4 Super-Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Dixon, Lance J.
name: Kosower, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the non-MHV one-loop seven-gluon amplitudes in N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory, which contain three negative-helicity gluons and four positive-helicity gluons. There are four independent color-ordered amplitudes, (- - - + + + +), (- - + - + + +), (- - + + -+ +) and (- + - + - + +). The MHV amplitudes containing two negative-helicity and five positive-helicity gluons were computed previously, so all independent one-loop seven-gluon helicity amplitudes are now known for this theory. We present partial information about an infinite sequence of next-to-MHV one-loop helicity amplitudes, with three negative-helicity and n-3 positive-helicity gluons, and the color ordering (- - - + + ... + +); we give a new coefficient of one class of integral functions entering this amplitude. We discuss the twistor-space properties of the box-integral-function coefficients in the amplitudes, which are quite simple and suggestive.
description: 54 pages, v3 minor corrections
The colonial entombment of the Mughal habitus : Delhi in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries
Creators: name: Kaicker, Abhishek
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In this paper I examine changes in the way in which the city of Delhi was perceived by its residents and visitors over the course of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. B y the eighteenth century, the built environment of Delhi was interpreted by residents and visitors via a distinctively Mughal habitus of urbanity that ultimately depended on a matrix of Mughal technologies and institutions, and particularly the management of water resources in the urban environment. After the British assumed control of the city in 1803, residents' perceptions of Delhi began to change in response to the manner in which colonial authorities envisioned the city and changed the way in which water was used and distributed through the city. The desire of colonial authority to remake the city in its own image in order to secure hegemony is evident in its ways of gathering and processing knowledge of the city. By scrutinizing the city through a mausoleal modality, the British administration began to identify Delhi as a 'dead' city that needed to be ordered, classified, interpreted, and ultimately placed within the confines of History. In doing so, the British regime made previous modes of seeing and inhabiting the city irrelevant and introduced a colonial habitus of urbanity that privileged their own rule. This process reached its logical culmination in the destruction of the city during the war of 1857 and the creation of yet another city of 'New Delhi' as a reflection of imperial grandeur.
Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations of the 2D Su-Schrieffer-Heeger Model
Creators: name: Xing, Bo
name: Chiu, Wei-ting
name: Poletti, Dario
name: Scalettar, Richard T.
name: Batrouni, George G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last several years, a new generation of quantum simulations has greatly expanded our understanding of charge density wave phase transitions in Hamiltonians with coupling between local phonon modes and the on-site charge density. A quite different, and interesting, case is one in which the phonons live on the bonds, and hence modulate the electron hopping. This situation, described by the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) Hamiltonian, has so far only been studied with quantum Monte Carlo in one dimension. Here we present results for the 2D SSH model, and show that a bond ordered wave (BOW) insulator is present in the ground state at half-filling, and argue that a critical value of the electron-phonon coupling is required for its onset, in contradistinction with the 1D case where BOW exists for any nonzero coupling. We determine the precise nature of the bond ordering pattern, which has hitherto been controversial, and the critical transition temperature, which is associated with a spontaneous breaking of ${\cal Z}_4$ symmetry.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Unravelling education policy: Insights from policy documents and teachers’ stories in Iraqi Kurdistan
Creators: name: NURI, PASHEW
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 390299
subject: Education policy, sociology and philosophy not elsewhere classified

description: This study delves into Iraqi Kurdistan's (IK) education policies and their impacts on teachers' lives and practices. It investigates the driving forces behind these policies over the past 14 years and their alignment or clashes with teachers' beliefs. It explores how internal and global policy discourses and actors influence teacher subjectivities and identities in IK. Through document analysis and interviews, it uncovers the intricate relationships between curriculum and teaching policy imperatives. As Iraqi Kurdistan's education is facing challenges, this research emphasises the importance of valuing teachers' diverse beliefs and adopting a nuanced approach to policy development.
Jupiter true apogee, Tabule magne, Recomputed by Husson (Matthieu) (2022) | Type-C (ID n° 849)
Creators: name: Husson, Matthieu
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: Astronomy
History of astronomy
DISHAS
Astronomical table

description: This is a type C edition: A type-C edition is a recalculated version of a table using modern computation methods.
You can find it on the DISHAS project website from this link: https://dishas.obspm.fr/table-edition/849
Molecular picture for the $X_0(2866)$ as a $D^* \bar{K}^*$ $J^P=0^+$ state and related $1^+,2^+$ states
Creators: name: Molina, R.
name: Oset, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recall the predictions made ten years ago about a bound state of $J^P=0^+$ in $I=0 $ of the $D^* \bar{K}^*$ system, which is manifestly exotic, and we associate it to the $X_0(2866)$ state reported in the recent LHCb experiment. Fine tuning the parameters to reproduce exactly the mass and width of the $X_0(2866)$ state, we report two more states stemming from the same interaction, one with $1^+$ and the other with $2^+$. For reasons of parity, the $1^+$ state cannot be observed in $D\bar{K}$ decay, and we suggest to observe it in the $D^*\bar{K}$ spectrum. On the other hand, the $2^+$ state can be observed in $D \bar{K}$ decay but the present experiment has too small statistics in the region of its mass to make any claim. We note that measurements of the $D^*\bar{K}$ spectrum and of the $D \bar{K}$ with more statistics should bring important information concerning the nature of the $X_0(2866)$ and related ones that could be observed.
description: 8 pages, 4 tables and 5 figures
Działania na rzecz społeczeństwa w zakresie corporate social responsibility na przykładzie przedsiębiorstw agrobiznesu
Creators: name: Ratajczak, Marcin
name: Wołoszyn, Jan
name: Ratajczak, Marcin
name: Wołoszyn, Jan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The first part of the article presents basic issues regarding the concept of CSR, highlighting themes taking socially responsible activities and areas of this activity. The main part of the article is devoted to the presentation of their own research on the activity of the surveyed companies from the Warmia and Mazury undertaken to society, embedded in the concept of CSR. The study, which was conducted in the second half of 2013, consisted of 174 micro, small and medium-sized agribusiness in rural areas. The study was conducted by a diagnostic survey using a questionnaire as a research tool. Material derived from respondents was analysed mathematically and statistically and properly presented. The conducted investigations indicate that the involvement of companies surveyed for the local community is high (83% of responses). However, it is quite of one-sided nature and focuses mainly on issues of philanthropy and sponsorship.
Phenomenology of charmless hadronic B decays
Creators: name: Suprun, Denis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decays of $B$ mesons to a pair of charmless pseudoscalar mesons ($PP$ decays) or to a vector and pseudoscalar meson ($VP$ decays) have been analyzed within the framework of flavor SU(3) symmetry and the Kobayashi-Maskawa mechanism of CP violation. Separate $PP$ and $VP$ fits proved to be successful in describing the experimental data (branching ratios, CP asymmetries and time-dependent parameters). Decay magnitudes and relative weak and strong phases have been extracted from the fits. Values of the weak phase $γ$ were found to be consistent with the current indirect bounds from other analyses of CKM parameters.
description: Talk presented at the Sixth International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons, IIT, Chicago, June 27 - July 3, 2004
Społeczno-zawodowa sytuacja kobiet w procesie przemian obszarów wiejskich w Polsce
Creators: name: Sikora, Jan
name: Sikora, Jan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: women
subject: countryside
subject: traditional roles
subject: contemporary roles
subject: barriers
subject: support

description: The paper presents a characterisation of socio-professional status and socio-political activity of women in rural areas in Poland. Traditional, stereotypical approach was compared to the contemporary perception of the social roles performed by women in the countryside, and the results of recent empirical studies concerning the problems discussed were presented. The causes of the lack of socio-professional and political activity were discussed. The opportunities for the support that helps improve social activity of women from rural areas were also presented. The analysis carried out in the study revealed that the status of women in contemporary rural areas is close to traditional stereotypes used in this social category. The need for inclusion of the analysis of socio-professional situation of women in socio-economic strategies of development of rural areas was emphasized. The basis for writing the paper was analysis of the related literature and the results obtained in a national-level empirical research.
Zmiany poziomu rozwoju gminnej infrastruktury technicznej w województwie wielkopolskim
Creators: name: Standar, Aldona
name: Bartkowiak-Bakun, Natalia
name: Standar, Aldona
name: Bartkowiak-Bakun, Natalia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: communes
subject: technical infrastructure
subject: synthetic measure of level of technical infrastructure
subject: Wielkopolska region

description: The article presents changes in the level of development of technical infrastructure communes of the Wielkopolska voivodeship in 2012 compared to 2004. The study analysed the level of the phenomenon one of the taxonomic methods-synthetic measure of development Hellwig was used, and to compare both classifications table mullioned and calculated statistic c2 was used. It was concluded that, there had been major changes to the equipment in the individual elements of the technical infrastructure between 2004 and 2012. All types of infrastructure were reduced and the diversification observed, particularly large for sewage system, water supply system to a smaller extent, which in turn, however, still has a high density dispersion.
Teorie i koncepcje globalnego kryzysu żywnościowego
Creators: name: Szydło, Wiktor
name: Szydło, Wiktor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Political Economy
subject: food crisis
subject: orthodox theories
subject: heterodox theories

description: The theories of the global food crisis can be broken down into orthodox and heterodox. The former consists of demand and supply theories and the latter include financial and institutional concepts. The paper shows benefits of enriching the analysis with unorthodox concepts.
Additional file 1 of Feasibility of training community health workers to conduct periodontal examinations: a validation study in rural Nepal
Creators: name: Erchick, Daniel J.
name: Nitin K. Agrawal
name: Subarna K. Khatry
name: Katz, Joanne
name: LeClerq, Steven C.
name: Bhola Rai
name: Reynolds, Mark A.
name: Mullany, Luke C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Intraclass correlation coefficients and kappa statistics for individual auxiliary nurse midwives vs. dentist with perfect agreement. Validity measures comparing individual auxiliary nurse midwives to the dentist for perfect probing depth agreement.
Type I Migration in a Non-Isothermal Protoplanetary Disk
Creators: name: Jang-Condell, Hannah
name: Sasselov, Dimitar D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate rates of Type I migration of protoplanets in a non-isothermal three-dimensional protoplanetary disk, building upon planet-disk models developed in previous work. We find that including the vertical thickness of the disk results in a decrease in the Type I migration rate by a factor of ~2 from a two-dimensional disk. The vertical temperature variation has only a modest effect on migration rates since the torques at the midplane are weighted heavily both because the density and the perturbing potential are maximized at the midplane. However, temperature perturbations resulting from shadowing and illumination at the disk's surface can decrease the migration rate by up to another factor of 2 for planets at the gap-opening threshold at distances where viscous heating is minimal. This would help to resolve the timescale mismatch between the standard core-accretion scenario for planet formation and the survival of planets, and could help explain some of the rich diversity of planetary systems already observed.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Regionalne zróżnicowanie aktywności producentów rolnych w aplikowaniu o dopłaty bezpośrednie
Creators: name: Teszbir, Hanna
name: Gołaś, Zbigniew
name: Teszbir, Hanna
name: Gołaś, Zbigniew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: direct payments
subject: payments in Poland
subject: regional analysis
subject: agriculture

description: The article presents an analysis of regional differentiation activity of agricultural producers in applying for direct payments. In the national context, reference was made to the number of applications registered from 2004 to 2013, and also set out the reasons for the quantitative changes observed over the period. It was found that each year the number of applications registered by the ARiMR, at national and regional level decreases, and the main reason are structural changes. It was also noted that the pace and rate of change in the number of registered applications are similar for the country and individual regions. When analysing the activity of entities in applying for area payments large differences were found between areas that are the result of the development of agro-economic and social of particular parts of the country.
A Paper-based device for surface essential oils monitoring
Creators: name: Fiore, Luca
name: Antinucci, Arianna
name: ARDUINI, FABIANA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Poster presentation at XXX Conference of the Division of Analytical Chemistry in Italy, which shared some preliminary results from work package seven dealing with analysis of the antimicrobial properties of the nanocoatings and the durability of the antimicrobial action under certain circumstances.
Exploring $0νββ$ and Leptogenesis in the Alternative Left-Right Model
Creators: name: Frank, Mariana
name: Majumdar, Chayan
name: Poulose, P.
name: Senapati, Supriya
name: Yajnik, Urjit A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of neutrinoless double beta decay ($0νββ$) and leptogenesis within the Alternative Left-Right Model (ALRM). Unlike the usual left-right symmetric model, ALRM features a Majorana right-handed neutrino which does not carry any charge. Further, in this picture the down-type quark and the charged leptons receive mass through the additional left-handed scalar field, rather than the usual doublet. Together, these features conspire to generate significant contributions to the $0νββ$ through vector-scalar ($WH$) mediation. For moderate masses of the relevant charged Higgs boson ($M_{H_1^\pm}\sim 200$ GeV), the half-life of $T_{\frac{1}{2}}^{WH}$ is $\sim 3\times 10^{26}~{\rm yrs}$ for both the case of $^{76}$Ge and $^{136}$Xe, well within the sensitivity expected by future experiments. Invoking the resonant leptogenesis, CP violation arising from the right-handed neutrino decay could be the required order to generate the correct baryogenesis, $ε\sim 10^{-6}$, for small Dirac phases and without any fine tuning.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures, Matches the published version
title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² - Ð°ÑÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð¸Ð· Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¿Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð° TiNi Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð° ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð»Ð°Ð·ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
title: ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ 2.6.5. ÐÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð»ÑÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ð¤Ð°ÑÐ±ÐµÑ, Ð­Ð´ÑÐ°ÑÐ´
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
Subjects: ÐÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð»ÑÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ
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ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð»Ð°Ð·ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
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ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑ ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐ³Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸

description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² â Ð°ÑÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¶ÐµÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ, ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐºÐ°, Ð¸Ð· Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¿Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð° TiNi Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ¿ÑÑÐ³Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð° ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð»Ð°Ð·ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¾ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° Ð¡ÐÐ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¿Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð° TiNi, ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¡ÐÐ Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²-Ð°ÑÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð². Ð­ÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¡ÐÐ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² â Ð°ÑÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¼ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ Ð®Ð½Ð³Ð°, ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð²ÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ¿ÑÑÐ³Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸.
Monte Carlo simulation of equilibrium L1_0 ordering in FePt nanoparticles
Creators: name: Chepulskii, R. V.
name: Velev, J.
name: Butler, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First, second and third nearest neighbor mixing potentials for FePt alloys, were calculated from first principles using a Connolly-Williams approach. Using the mixing potentials obtained in this manner, the dependency of equilibrium L1_0 ordering on temperature was studied for bulk and for a spherical nanoparticle with 3.5nm diameter at equiatomic composition by use of Monte Carlo simulation and the analytical ring approximation. The calculated order-disorder temperature for bulk (1495-1514 K) was in relatively good agreement (4% error) with the experimental value (1572K). For nanoparticles of finite size, the (long range) order parameter changed continuously from unity to zero with increasing temperature. Rather than a discontinuity indicative of a phase transition we obtained an inflection point in the order as a function of temperature. This inflection point occurred at a temperature below the bulk phase transition temperature and which decreased as the particle size decreased. Our calculations predict that 3.5nm diameter particles in configurational equilibrium at 600 C (a typical annealing temperature for promoting L1_0 ordering) have an L1_0 order parameter of 0.83 (compared to a maximum possible value equal to unity). According to our investigations, the experimental absence of (relatively) high L1_0 order in 3.5nm diameter nanoparticles annealed at 600 C or below is primarily a problem of kinetics rather than equilibrium
Effects of Kinks on DNA Elasticity
Creators: name: Popov, Yuri O.
name: Tkachenko, Alexei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the elastic response of a worm-like polymer chain with reversible kink-like structural defects. This is a generic model for (a) the double-stranded DNA with sharp bends induced by binding of certain proteins, and (b) effects of trans-gauche rotations in the backbone of the single-stranded DNA. The problem is solved both analytically and numerically by generalizing the well-known analogy to the Quantum Rotator. In the small stretching force regime, we find that the persistence length is renormalized due to the presence of the kinks. In the opposite regime, the response to the strong stretching is determined solely by the bare persistence length with exponential corrections due to the ``ideal gas of kinks''. This high-force behavior changes significantly in the limit of high bending rigidity of the chain. In that case, the leading corrections to the mechanical response are likely to be due to the formation of multi-kink structures, such as kink pairs.
description: v1: 16 pages, 7 figures, LaTeX; submitted to Physical Review E; v2: a new subsection on soft kinks added to section Theory, sections Introduction and Conclusions expanded, references added, other minor changes; v3: a reference added
Działalność innowacyjna małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw w Polsce na przykładzie województwa małopolskiego
Creators: name: Zuzek, Dagmara K.
name: Mickiewicz, Bartosz A.
name: Zuzek, Dagmara K.
name: Mickiewicz, Bartosz A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: sector of small and medium-sized enterprises
subject: innovation
subject: enterprise

description: Innovation is a factor which significantly determines the socio-economic development in Poland. Verification of the effectiveness of the planned creator’s innovation follows via introduction and diffusion of innovation. The ability of the acquisition, and creation of innovation is a key factor in the development of companies. The aim of these considerations is to identify the factors of innovation in the context of enterprises development.
The Hamiltonian of Asymptotically Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker Spacetimes
Creators: name: Pinto-Neto, Nelson
name: Trajtenberg, Paulo I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the correct hamiltonian which describes the dynamics of classes of asymptotic open Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetimes, which includes Tolman geometries. We calculate the surface term that has to be added to the usual hamiltonian of General Relativity in order to obtain an improved hamiltonian with well defined functional derivatives. For asymptotic flat FLRW spaces, this surface term is zero, but for asymptotic negative curvature FLRW spaces it is not null in general. In the particular case of the Tolman geometries, they vanish. The surface term evaluated on a particular solution of Einstein's equations may be viewed as the ``energy'' of this solution with respect to the FLRW spacetime they approach asymptotically. Our results are obtained for a matter content described by a dust fluid, but they are valid for any perfect fluid, including the cosmological constant.
description: 12 pages, no figures
On the spatial and temporal non-locality of dynamo mean-field effects in supersonic interstellar turbulence
Creators: name: Gressel, Oliver
name: Elstner, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interstellar medium of the Milky Way and nearby disk galaxies harbours large-scale coherent magnetic fields of Microgauss strength, that can be explained via the action of a mean-field dynamo. As in our previous work, we aim to quantify dynamo effects that are self-consistently emerging in realistic direct magnetohydrodynamic simulations, but we generalise our approach to the case of a non-local (non-instantaneous) closure relation, described by a convolution integral in space (time). To this end, we leverage our comprehensive simulation framework for the supernova-regulated turbulent multi-phase interstellar medium. By introducing spatially (temporally) modulated mean fields, we extend the previously used test-field method to the spectral realm -- providing the Fourier representation of the convolution kernels. The resulting spectra of the dynamo mean-field coefficients that we obtain broadly match expectations and allow to rigorously constrain the degree of scale separation in the Galactic dynamo. A surprising result is found for the diamagnetic pumping term, which increases in amplitude when going to smaller scales. Our results amount to the most comprehensive description of dynamo mean-field effects in the Galactic context to date. Surveying the relevant parameter space and quenching behaviour, this will ultimately enable the development of assumption-free sub-grid prescriptions for otherwise unresolved global galaxy simulations.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Pati-Salam Axion
Creators: name: Di Luzio, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the implementation of the Peccei-Quinn mechanism in a minimal realization of the Pati-Salam partial unification scheme. The axion mass is shown to be related to the Pati-Salam breaking scale and it is predicted via a two-loop renormalization group analysis to be in the window $m_a \in [10^{-11}, \, 3 \times 10^{-7}]$ eV, as a function of a sliding Left-Right symmetry breaking scale. This parameter space will be fully covered by the late phases of the axion Dark Matter experiments ABRACADABRA and CASPEr-Electric. A Left-Right symmetry breaking scenario as low as 20 TeV is obtained for a Pati-Salam breaking of the order of the reduced Planck mass.
description: 33 pages, 3 figures. Minor corrections. Matches version to appear in JHEP
BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR PROCESSING AND WORKING BODIES FOR ROWS OF VINEYARDS
Creators: name: Irgashev, D.B.
name: Toshpulаtov, E.R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Vineyard soil, which is in a state of pure fallow, must be cultivated to protect the vines from weeds. But such soil must be constantly cultivated for another reason. Rain causes compaction and washing away of most soils, and when they dry out, a crust forms on them, as a result of which ventilation of the soil is difficult and evaporation of moisture increases. If a crust forms on bare soil, 50-70% of the moisture is lost through evaporation through its surface, and only an insignificant part is consumed and evaporated by the plants. Numerous studies have established that even in well-cultivated soil, 25% of the total amount of precipitation evaporates directly from the soil and only 75% of the moisture is evaporated by the plants. If we could prevent evaporation of moisture by covering the soil, this would allow us to provide the plants in the covered areas not with 75%, but perhaps 95% of the total amount of precipitation. And in dry years, an increase in the amount of moisture by 20% gives the same increase in dry matter mass and yield.