cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Managing the public's wildlife on private lands: a landowner's perspective
title: Managing the public's resource on private lands: a landowner's perspective
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Simons, Greg
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: History of wildlife in the United States is one that witnessed remarkable recovery of many species of wildlife during the 20st century, after a major collapse during the preceding century. The North American Model of Wildlife Conservation articulates principles that reflect the basis for recovery and continued success of wildlife in the U.S., with wildlife as a public trust resource often being described as the foundation tenet of this conservation model. Public ownership of wildlife has roots which perhaps date back to ancient English and Roman common law, with such ownership premises in the U.S. dating back to 1842 where Martin v. Waddell affirmed this ownership. When considering that over 60% of land in this country is privately owned, there is potential for what some may consider a conflict in the relationship of managing and conserving the publicly owned wildlife that is found on private land. It must also be recognized that in many areas of most states, private lands stewardship is the driver of ensuring sustainable wildlife habitats on those lands. It is the author's opinion, based on observation, that incentivizing private landowners as caretakers of wildlife, should be part of this relationship equation. One component of such incentivizing should be encouraging wildlife markets, while also protecting ownership principles of public trust. Further, relationship building between private landowners and natural resource agencies is crucial in maintaining conservation success in private lands regions, and part of such relationship building is providing landowners with a regulatory framework that is friendly toward the needs and goals of those landowners, while also maintaining balance that encourages wise use of the resource.
title: Benefits of Spectral Detector CT in oncologic disease, incidental findings, and emergency situations.
Creators: name: Ramirez Pedraza, Natalia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Emergency
subject: Oncologic Imaging
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Cancer
subject: Education and training
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Briefly describe the basis of spectral CT technology. Highlight the benefits of using spectral CT. Exemplify with clinical cases the diagnostic performance of the spectral CT when evaluating oncological, emergency and incidental...
Coexistence of spin-1/2 and spin-1 Dirac-Weyl fermions in the edge-centered honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Lan, Zhihao
name: Goldman, Nathan
name: Ohberg, Patrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of an edge-centered honeycomb lattice, and show that this lattice features both spin-1/2 and spin-1 Dirac-Weyl fermions at different filling fractions f (f=1/5,4/5 for spin-1/2 and f=1/2 for spin-1). This five-band system is the simplest lattice that can support simultaneously the two different paradigmatic Dirac-Weyl fermions with half-integer spin and integer spin. We demonstrate that these pseudo-relativistic structures, including a flat band at half-filling, can be deduced from the underlying Kagome sublattice. We further show that the signatures of the two kinds of relativistic fermions can be clearly revealed by several perturbations, such as a uniform magnetic field, a Haldane-type spin-orbit term, and charge density waves. We comment on the possibility to probe the similarities and differences between the two kinds of relativistic fermions, or even to isolate them individually. We present a realistic scheme to realize such a system using cold atoms.
description: published version
Africa needs climate data to fight disease
Creators: name: Thomson, Madeleine C.
name: Connor, Stephen J.
name: Zebiak, Stephen E.
name: Jancloes, Michel
name: Mihretie, Abere
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Climatic changes
Public health

description: Climate variability and change are a major concern for public health in Africa. The livelihoods of hundreds of millions of people there are dependent on rain-fed agriculture and seasonal water resources. Poor rural communities also suffer from under-nutrition and bear the greatest burden of infectious diseases and natural disasters while having the least access to public-health services. Many of Africa’s most important cities are on the coast and at risk of sea level rise. Without adequate infrastructure they are vulnerable to poor sanitation during floods and shortages of drinking water and loss of hydroelectric power during droughts. Rising temperatures, air pollutants and dust threaten to increase heat stress and respiratory disease.
Additional file 1 of Association of ABO blood groups with venous thrombosis recurrence in middle-aged patients: insights from a weighted Cox analysis dedicated to ambispective design
Creators: name: Munsch, Gaëlle
name: Goumidi, Louisa
name: van Hylckama Vlieg, Astrid
name: Ibrahim-Kosta, Manal
name: Bruzelius, Maria
name: Deleuze, Jean-François
name: Rosendaal, Frits R.
name: Jacqmin-Gadda, Hélène
name: Morange, Pierre-Emmanuel
name: Trégouët, David-Alexandre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1.
Radial infall of two compact objects: 2.5PN linear momentum flux and associated recoil
Creators: name: Mishra, Chandra Kant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The loss rate of linear momentum from a binary system composed of compact objects (radially falling towards each other under mutual gravitational influence) has been investigated using the multipolar post-Minkowskian approach. The 2.5PN accurate analytical formula for the linear momentum flux is provided, in terms of the separation of the two objects, in harmonic coordinates, both for a finite and infinite initial separation. The 2.5PN formulas for the linear momentum flux are finally used to estimate the recoil velocity accumulated during a premerger phase of the binary evolution.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Dielectronic Recombination of Fe XV Forming Fe XIV: Laboratory Measurements and Theoretical Calculations
Creators: name: Lukic, D. V.
name: Schnell, M.
name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Brandau, C.
name: Schmidt, E. W.
name: Bohm, S.
name: Muller, A.
name: Schippers, S.
name: Lestinsky, M.
name: Sprenger, F.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Altun, Z.
name: Badnell, N. R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Ion recombination
Plasma (Ionized gases)
Physics
Astrophysics

description: We have measured resonance strengths and energies for dielectronic recombination (DR) of Mg-like Fe XV forming Al-like Fe XIV via N = 3 → N' = 3 core excitations in the electron-ion collision energy range 0-45 eV. All measurements were carried out using the heavy-ion test storage ring at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, Germany. We have also carried out new multiconfiguration Breit-Pauli (MCBP) calculations using the AUTOSTRUCTURE code. For electron-ion collision energies ≲ 25 eV we find poor agreement between our experimental and theoretical resonance energies and strengths. From 25 to 42 eV we find good agreement between the two for resonance energies. But in this energy range the theoretical resonance strengths are ≈31% larger than the experimental results. This is larger than our estimated total experimental uncertainty in this energy range of ±26% (at a 90% confidence level). Above 42 eV the difference in the shape between the calculated and measured 3s3p(1P1)nl DR series limit we attribute partly to the nl dependence of the detection probabilities of high Rydberg states in the experiment. We have used our measurements, supplemented by our AUTOSTRUCTURE calculations, to produce a Maxwellian-averaged 3 → 3 DR rate coefficient for Fe XV forming Fe XIV. The resulting rate coefficient is estimated to be accurate to better than ±29% (at a 90% confidence level) for kBTe ≥ 1 eV. At temperatures of kBTe ≈ 2.5-15 eV, where Fe XV is predicted to form in photoionized plasmas, significant discrepancies are found between our experimentally derived rate coefficient and previously published theoretical results. Our new MCBP plasma rate coefficient is 19%-28% smaller than our experimental results over this temperature range.
title: Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory: stewardship, education, science
title: Rocky Mountain Bird Observatory stewardship program
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Gallagher, Seth
name: Morgan, Ken
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Moderator: Ken Morgan.
description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: Originating in 1999 as Prairie Partners, the program was to address declining bird trends on a landscape used for agricultural production. Private landowners own or manage a considerable percentage of this land. Their involvement in conservation efforts is essential to the future of grassland and sagebrush birds. The mission of the program is to coordinate voluntary, cooperative partnerships with landowners to address the management of declining bird species and other resource conservation issues. In 2003 Stewardship began working with landowners and resource agencies to implement on-the-ground habitat projects. These projects include stream-bank restoration, shallow water restoration, woody-invasive species control, prescribed burning, restoration of native vegetation, fence marking and rotational grazing.
title: A guide to understanding aortic arch anomalies with the help of computed tomography images
Creators: name: Pop, Marian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Education and training
subject: Congenital
subject: Normal variants
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To become familiar with the normal development of arterial vessels in the child To describe the radiological appearances of the main anatomical variants and the classification of cardiovascular development diseases To illustrate typical radiological...
CONTRIBUTION OF START-UPS AND ITS PARTICIPATION IN ENTREPRENEURE ADVANCEMENT IN YOUNG GRADUATES OFKERALA STATE
Creators: name: VIJAYAKUMAR V
name: Dr. D. KARTHIKEYAN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: MSME-DI, DIC, Start-UPS, and Entrepreneurship

description: Abstract 
In order to monetize a fresh concept, an individual or group of individuals must use their professional knowledge, skills, and competencies through the formation of an enterprise. This process is known as entrepreneurship. It requires the combination of money, technology, and human skill to finish a project effectively and with a manageable level of risk. Since entrepreneurship entails starting and running a business, it is essentially an economic function. Innovation is the introduction of anything fresh, improved, or unusual. A start-up is a recently established company that has significant momentum due to apparent market demand for its goods or services. A start-up wants to expand quickly by filling a specific market need with its product or service. The goal of this study is to evaluate how start-ups contribute to Kerala State's entrepreneurial development. The purpose of organizations like the District Industries Centre (DIC), Micro Small and Medium Enterprises Development Institute (MSME-DI), and others is to encourage technology-based entrepreneurship and to build the environments and infrastructure needed to sustain high-tech businesses. In the state of Kerala, clubs dedicated to fostering entrepreneurial skills and talents are established at the school level to help children develop their entrepreneurial abilities. In addition, colleges are designed to produce innovators and entrepreneurs as well as help them adapt to emerging technologies. Start-ups can overcome their issues and obstacles by implementing an efficient mentoring program and by running their incubation centers well. If more and more angel and venture capital investors step up to fund the creative ideas of businesses, the financial issue can be solved.
Additional file 1 of Endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes promote anti-inflammatory macrophages via SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 axis and improve the outcome of spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Yuan, Feifei
name: Peng, Wei
name: Yang, Yuying
name: Xu, Jiaqi
name: Liu, Yudong
name: Xie, Yong
name: Huang, Tingmo
name: Shi, Chaoran
name: Ding, Yinghe
name: Li, Chengjun
name: Qin, Tian
name: Xie, Shanshan
name: Zhu, Fengzhang
name: Lu, Hongbin
name: Huang, Jianjun
name: Hu, Jianzhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The morphology of BMMs and EPCs under optical microscope. Representative the morphology of the mature macrophages. Scale bar: 20 μm.Representative colony morphology of early EPCs. Scale bar: 200 μm. Figure S2. Flow cytometry analysis of the EPCs’ specificity markersare highly expressed. Figure S3. Statistics on the uptake of Dil-labeled exosomesby macrophagesin the injured region after spinal cord injury, n = 3. Figure S4. EPC-EXOs promote axonal regeneration after spinal cord injury and inhibit apoptosis in the injured region.Immunofluorescence images of Tuj1 axonand DAPIstaining of spinal cord injury sections of mice representative of the Sham group, Control group and EPC-EXOs group at 28 dpi in wild-type mice. The white dashed area is the core of the spinal cord injury. Scale bar: 200 µmImmunofluorescence images of apoptosis staining-TUNELand DAPIstaining of spinal cord injury sections of mice representative of the Sham group, Control group and EPC-EXOs group at 3 dpi in wild-type mice. Scale bar: 100 µmImmunofluorescence results were analyzed by ImageJ, GraphPad, and SPSS, n = 3, **P < 0.01. Figure S5. qRT-PCR analysis of pri-miRNA expression in macrophages treated with EPC-EXOs or not, n = 3, nsP > 0.05. Table S1. qRT-PCR primer sequences in this study.
Results of effectiveness trials of PRO 2000 gel: lessons for future microbicide trials
Creators: name: Abdool Karim, Salim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Virology
Epidemiology

description: Despite numerous scientific, ethical and methodological challenges, microbicides provide real potential to influence the course of the HIV epidemic as they could fill an important gap for women-initiated prevention methods.
Additional file 5 of Comparison of health measures between survey self-reports and electronic health records among Millennium Cohort Study participants receiving Veterans Health Administration care
Creators: name: Carey, Felicia R.
name: Hu, Elaine Y.
name: Stamas, Nicole
name: Seelig, Amber
name: Liu, Lynne
name: Schneiderman, Aaron
name: Culpepper, William
name: Rull, Rudolph P.
name: Boyko, Edward J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional File 5. Prevalence and agreement between self-report and medical record diagnoses of depression excluding unspecified depressive disorder, sensitive, at any time criterion. Provides results from sensitivity analyses examining the prevalence and agreement of depression, excluding ICD codes for Unspecified Depressive Disorder [311 (ICD-9) and F32.9 (ICD-10)].
Effects of supermassive binary black holes on gravitational lenses
Creators: name: Li, Nan
name: Mao, Shude
name: Gao, Liang
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: Di Stefano, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations indicate that many if not all galaxies host massive central black holes (BHs). In this paper we explore the influence of supermassive binary black holes (SMBBHs) on their actions as gravitational lenses. When lenses are modelled as singular isothermal ellipsoids, binary black holes change the critical curves and caustics differently as a function of distance. Each black hole can in principle create at least one additional image, which, if observed, provides evidence of black holes. By studying how SMBBHs affect the cumulative distribution of magnification for images created by black holes, we find that the cross section for at least one such additional image to have a magnification larger than $10^{-5}$ is comparable to the cross section for producing multiple-images in singular isothermal lenses. Such additional images may be detectable with high-resolution and large dynamic range maps of multiply-imaged systems from future facilities, such as the SKA. The probability of detecting at least one image (two images) with magnification above $10^{-3}$ is $\sim 0.2 \fBH$ ($\sim 0.05 \fBH$) in a multiply-imaged lens system, where $\fBH$ is the fraction of galaxies housing binary black holes. We also study the effects of SMBBHs on the core images when galaxies have shallower central density profiles (modelled as non-singular isothermal ellipsoids). We find that the cross section of the usually faint core images is further suppressed by SMBBHs. Thus their presence should also be taken into account when one constrains the core radius from the lack of central images in gravitational lenses.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Quantum Decoherence of the Central Spin in a Sparse System of Dipolar Coupled Spins
Creators: name: Witzel, Wayne M.
name: Carroll, Malcolm S.
name: Cywinski, Lukasz
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central spin decoherence problem has been researched for over 50 years in the context of both nuclear magnetic resonance and electron spin resonance. Until recently, theoretical models have employed phenomenological stochastic descriptions of the bath-induced noise. During the last few years, cluster expansion methods have provided a microscopic, quantum theory to study the spectral diffusion of a central spin. These methods have proven to be very accurate and efficient for problems of nuclear-induced electron spin decoherence in which hyperfine interactions with the central electron spin are much stronger than dipolar interactions among the nuclei. We provide an in-depth study of central spin decoherence for a canonical scale-invariant all-dipolar spin system. We show how cluster methods may be adapted to treat this problem in which central and bath spin interactions are of comparable strength. Our extensive numerical work shows that a properly modified cluster theory is convergent for this problem even as simple perturbative arguments begin to break down. By treating clusters in the presence of energy detunings due to the long-range (diagonal) dipolar interactions of the surrounding environment and carefully averaging the effects over different spin states, we find that the nontrivial flip-flop dynamics among the spins becomes effectively localized by disorder in the energy splittings of the spins. This localization effect allows for a robust calculation of the spin echo signal in a dipolarly coupled bath of spins of the same kind, while considering clusters of no more than 6 spins. We connect these microscopic calculation results to the existing stochastic models. We, furthermore, present calculations for a series of related problems of interest for candidate solid state quantum bits including donors and quantum dots in silicon as well as nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond.
description: 25 pages, 26 figures
Low-energy electron capture by Ne2+ ions from H(D)
Creators: name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Seredyuk, B.
name: Bruhns, H.
name: Seely, D. G.
name: Aliabadi, H.
name: Galutschek, E.
name: Havener, C. C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Astrophysics
Microphysics
Plasma (Ionized gases)
Physics

description: Using the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) ion-atom merged-beams apparatus, the absolute, total single-electron-capture cross section has been measured for collisions of Ne2+ with deuterium (D) at center-of-mass (c.m.) collision energies of 59–949 eV∕u. With the high-velocity ion beams now available at the ORNL Multicharged Ion Research Facility, we have extended our previous merged-beams measurement to lower c.m. collision energies. The data are compared to all four previously published measurements for Ne2++H(D) which differ considerably from one another at energies ≲600 eV∕u. We are unaware of any published theoretical cross-section data for Ne2++H(D) at the energies studied. Early quantal rate coefficient calculations for Ne2++H at eV/u energies suggest a cross section many orders of magnitude below previous measurements of the cross section at 40 eV∕u which is the lowest collision energy for which experimental results have been published. Here we compare our measurements to recent theoretical electron-capture results for He2++H. Both the experimental and theoretical results show a decreasing cross section with decreasing energy.
Extraordinary Sex Ratios: Cultural Effects on Ecological Consequences
Creators: name: Molnar, F.
name: Caraco, T.
name: Korniss, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model sex-structured population dynamics to analyze pairwise competition between groups differing both genetically and culturally. A sex-ratio allele is expressed in the heterogametic sex only, so that assumptions of Fisher's analysis do not apply. Sex-ratio evolution drives cultural evolution of a group-associated trait governing mortality in the homogametic sex. The two-sex dynamics under resource limitation induces a strong Allee effect that depends on both sex ratio and cultural trait values. We describe the resulting threshold, separating extinction from positive growth, as a function of female and male densities. When initial conditions avoid extinction due to the Allee effect, different sex ratios cannot coexist; in our model, greater female allocation always invades and excludes a lesser allocation. But the culturally transmitted trait interacts with the sex ratio to determine the ecological consequences of successful invasion. The invading female allocation may permit population persistence at self-regulated equilibrium. For this case, the resident culture may be excluded, or may coexist with the invader culture. That is, a single sex-ratio allele in females and a cultural dimorphism in male mortality can persist; a low-mortality resident trait is maintained by father-to-son cultural transmission. Otherwise, the successfully invading female allocation excludes the resident allele and culture, and then drives the population to extinction via a shortage of males. Finally, we show that the results obtained under homogeneous mixing hold, with caveats, in a spatially explicit model with local mating and diffusive dispersal in both sexes.
description: final version, reflecting changes in response to referees' comments
An overview of private lands programs, past and present
Creators: name: Morgan, Ken
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Moderator: Ken Morgan.
description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: Since the inception of the Colorado Division of Wildlife over 100 years ago (now Colorado Parks and Wildlife), wildlife managers have depended on developing and maintaining working relationships with private landowners to assist with the management of the state's wildlife resources. Over the past 50 years, there has been an exponential increase in population in the state, which has created more demand on the resources, Additionally, Congress has created more regulations through various legislative initiatives i.e. the Endangered Species Act, the Clean Water Act, etc. These factors have hampered the ability of state wildlife managers to work cooperatively with private landowners. In many cases these issues became very contentious. It was evident that programmatic approaches to working with private landowners needed to be addressed and changed. This session will give a brief overview of some of the more successful initiatives as well as serving as a basis of the presentations which will follow.
title: Multi-components analysis of brain using ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging
Creators: name: Wada, Yugo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Not applicable
subject: Prospective
subject: Cerebrospinal fluid
subject: Physics
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR physics
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To assess multi-component analysis derived from ultrashort echo time magnetic resonance imaging (UTE-MRI). We demonstrated that brain component analysis based on T 2 measurement depends on lipid...
Additional file 2 of The hindgut microbiome contributes to host oxidative stress in postpartum dairy cows by affecting glutathione synthesis process
Creators: name: Gu, Fengfei
name: Zhu, Senlin
name: Hou, Jinxiu
name: Tang, Yifan
name: Liu, Jian-Xin
name: Xu, Qingbiao
name: Sun, Hui-Zeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. (A) The distribution of total oxidative status in 63 cows. (B) The distribution of total antioxidant capacity in 63 cows. Fig. S2. (A) The cecum morphology in before (7 d) and after antibiotic-treat (14 d) in mice. (B) The bacterial culture with feces of before (7 d) and after antibiotic-treated (14 d) mice. (C) The changes body weight during the fecal microbiota transplanting period. Fig. S3. (A) The number of unique and shared edges in co-occurrence networks of low (LOS) and high oxidative stress (HOS) cows. (B) The centralities (rank of the closeness) and discrepancies of nodes in LOS and HOS cows. Fig. S4. (A) Comparison of microbial domains between low (LOS) and high oxidative stress (HOS) cows. (B) The number of identified species in each domain.
Hydrogeomorphic disturbance, landscape development and riparian vegetation dynamics of an alluvial, temperate rainforest in the Carmanah River valley, British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Little, Patrick James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The alluvial forest of the Carmanah River valley on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, was studied to examine the role of hydrogeomorphic disturbance in perpetuating the shifting-mosaic of habitats within this diverse ecosystem. Field-based research was complemented by a landscape-scale analysis that examined changes in the extent of specific forest types using a 70-year aerial photographic record. Thirty-eight plots containing 4509 trees were sampled for forest structure, composition, age, understory composition, and elevation above the contemporary channel. These field data, including a vegetation chronosequence spanning over 500 years, were used to examine vegetation dynamics. Over the past century, Carmanah River has eroded nearly 30% of the alluvial forest in this study area – 65% over the past 500 years. High magnitude floods result in diminished floodplain forest area by converting forests to channel. This results in a subsequent course of vegetation succession and geomorphic development. Fluvial deposits are colonized by a high density of Alnus rubra accompanied by a subcanopy of Picea sitchensis individuals. As Alnus die off after 60-100 years, Picea increasingly dominates the canopy while Tsuga heterophylla regenerate within the understory. The original cohort of Picea dies off after 300-500 years, which allows Tsuga to dominate old growth terrace forests. Picea or Alnus do not tend to regenerate under these dense canopies and without disturbance Tsuga may remain dominant indefinitely. Understory composition was related to landform age, however species distributions at low elevation floodplain sites were also driven by elevation above thalweg and flood frequency. Light availability was also a significant factor in driving community composition. It appears that understory dynamics were linked to overstory succession and geomorphic development processes, which alter environmental conditions at the understory level. That is, species distributions are driven by dynamic environmental filters, which change as a result of biogeomorphic succession. Mature forest patches tended to persist longer than young forests. The landscape composition reflects a balance between episodes of hydrogeomorphic disturbance and periods of successional development. Increased hydrogeomorphic disturbance rates due to climate change have the capacity to alter the landscape composition resulting in diminished mature forest area.
Calibrating urgency: triage decision-making in a pediatric emergency department
Creators: name: Pusic, Martin
name: Patel, Vimla
name: Gutnik, Lily
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Triage, the first step in the assessment of emergency department patients, occurs in a highly dynamic environment that functions under constraints of time, physical space, and patient needs that may exceed available resources. Through triage, patients are placed into one of a limited number of categories using a subset of diagnostic information. To facilitate this task and standardize the triage decision process, triage guidelines have been implemented. However, these protocols are interpreted differently by highly experienced (expert) nurses and less experienced (novice) nurses. This study investigates the process of triage; the factors that influence triage decision-making, and how the guidelines are used in the process. Using observations and semi-structured interviews of triage nurses, data was collected in the pediatric emergency department of a large Canadian teaching hospital. Results show that in emergency situations (1) triage decisions were often non-analytic and based on intuition, particularly with increasing expertise, and (2) guidelines were used differently by nurses during the triage process. These results suggest that explicit guideline information becomes internalized and implicitly used in emergency triage practice as nurses gain experience. Implications of these results for nursing education and training, and guideline development for emergency care are discussed.
Combined strong and weak lensing analysis of 28 clusters from the Sloan Giant Arcs Survey
Creators: name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Bayliss, Matthew B.
name: Dahle, Haakon
name: Sharon, Keren
name: Gladders, Michael D.
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Koester, Benjamin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the mass distribution of a sample of 28 galaxy clusters using strong and weak lensing observations. The clusters are selected via their strong lensing properties as part of the Sloan Giant Arcs Survey (SGAS) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Mass modelling of the strong lensing information from the giant arcs is combined with weak lensing measurements from deep Subaru/Suprime-cam images to primarily obtain robust constraints on the concentration parameter and the shape of the mass distribution. We find that the concentration c_vir is a steep function of the mass, c_vir \propto M_vir^-0.59\pm0.12, with the value roughly consistent with the lensing-bias-corrected theoretical expectation for high mass (10^15 h^-1 M_sun) clusters. However, the observationally inferred concentration parameters appear to be much higher at lower masses (10^14 h^-1 M_sun), possibly a consequence of the modification to the inner density profiles provided by baryon cooling. The steep mass-concentration relation is also supported from direct stacking analysis of the tangential shear profiles. In addition, we explore the two-dimensional shape of the projected mass distribution by stacking weak lensing shear maps of individual clusters with prior information on the position angle from strong lens modelling, and find significant evidence for a large mean ellipticity with the best-fit value of e = 0.47 \pm 0.06 for the mass distribution of the stacked sample. We find that the luminous cluster member galaxy distribution traces the overall mass distribution very well, although the distribution of fainter cluster galaxies appears to be more extended than the total mass.
description: 29 pages, 15+9 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Electron-ion recombination of Si IV forming Si III: Storage-ring measurement and multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations
Creators: name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Schmidt, E. W.
name: Bernhardt, D.
name: Muller, A.
name: Schippers, S.
name: Fritzsche, S.
name: Hoffman, J.
name: Jaroshevich, A. S.
name: Krantz, C.
name: Lestinsky, M.
name: Orlov, D. A.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Lukic, D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Astrophysics
Plasma (Ionized gases)
Physics
Microphysics

description: The electron-ion recombination rate coefficient for Si IV forming Si III was measured at the heavy-ion storage-ring TSR. The experimental electron-ion collision energy range of 0–186 eV encompassed the 2p6nln′l′ dielectronic recombination (DR) resonances associated with 3s→nl core excitations, 2s2p63snln′l′ resonances associated with 2s→nl (n=3,4) core excitations, and 2p53snln′l′ resonances associated with 2p→nl (n=3,…,∞) core excitations. The experimental DR results are compared with theoretical calculations using the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) method for DR via the 3s→3pn′l′ and 3s→3dn′l′(both n′=3,…,6) and 2p53s3ln′l′ (n′=3,4) capture channels. Finally, the experimental and theoretical plasma DR rate coefficients for Si IV forming Si III are derived and compared with previously available results.
Fluctuations of a holographic quantum Hall fluid
Creators: name: Jokela, Niko
name: Jarvinen, Matti
name: Lippert, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the neutral spectrum of the holographic quantum Hall fluid described by the D2-D8' model. As expected for a quantum Hall state, we find the system to be stable and gapped and that, at least over much of the parameter space, the lowest excitation mode is a magneto-roton. In addition, we find magneto-rotons in higher modes as well. We show that these magneto-rotons are direct consequences of level crossings between vector and scalar modes.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures; v.2 figures improved, 2 figures added, and text clarified particularly in Sec. 5, to appear in JHEP
No good deed goes unpunished: removing barriers to wildlife conservation on private lands
Creators: name: Danvir, Rick
name: Allison, Lesli
name: Taggart, Craig
name: Danvir, Rick
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: Contrary to common perception, many private landowners across the West have a strong conservation ethic and an interest in helping to advance species recovery, including threatened and endangered species. Conservation efforts by private landowners are essential to the management, restoration and preservation of key wildlife movement corridors and habitats across the West. Unfortunately, many landowners fail to realize their desired conservation and economic goals. On occasion, their efforts can best be summed up as "No good deed goes unpunished." State and local agricultural tax policies, inflexible public-lands grazing policies on comingled private-public grazing allotments, inflexible and incompatible forest management practices on public-private land interfaces, lawsuits and appeals from environmental groups, and liability concerns from neighboring landowners are a few of the challenges impeding landowner participation and success in wildlife management and species recovery efforts. Case studies from private ranches in the western U.S. provide examples where county, state and federal policies and perceptions (water, tax, planning and endangered species policies) at times stifle creativity and hinder landowner-initiated efforts to improve management of livestock, rangelands, forests, wildlife and habitat. By reviewing these case studies, we hope to highlight how some policies (such as water laws, grazing and logging-tax requirements) act as barriers or disincentives to voluntary landowner conservation. Our goal is develop policies that facilitate, incentivize and reward voluntary conservation by landowners.
Probing the Mass and Structure of the Ring Nebula in Lyra with SOFIA/GREAT Observations of the [CII] 158 micron line
Creators: name: Sahai, R.
name: Morris, M. R.
name: Werner, M. W.
name: Güsten, R.
name: Wiesemeyer, H.
name: Sandell, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained new velocity-resolved spectra of the [CII] 158 micron line towards the Ring Nebula in Lyra (NGC 6720), one of the best-studied planetary nebulae, in order to probe its controversial 3-dimensional structure and to estimate the mass of circumstellar material in this object. We used the Terahertz receiver GREAT aboard the SOFIA airborne telescope to obtain the [CII] spectra at eight locations within and outside the bright optical ring of NGC 6720. Emission was detected at all positions except for the most distant position along the nebula's minor axis, and generally covers a broad velocity range, ~50 km/s (FWZI), except at a position along the major axis located just outside the optical ring, where it is significantly narrower (~25 km/s). The one narrow spectrum appears to be probing circumstellar material lying outside the main nebular shell that has not been accelerated by past fast wind episodes from the central star, and therefore most likely comes from equatorial and/or low-latitude regions of this bipolar nebula. Along lines-of-sight passing within about 10 arcsec of the nebular center, the CII column density is a factor 46 higher than the CO column density. The total mass of gas associated with the [CII] emission inside a circular region of diameter 87.5 arcsec is at least 0.11 solar masses. A significant amount of [CII] flux arises from a photodissociation region immediately outside the bright optical ring, where we find a CII to CO ratio of 6.5, lower than that seen towards the central region. Comparing our data with lower-quality CI spectra, which indicate similarly large CI/CO ratios in NGC 6720, we conclude that the bulk of elemental carbon in NGC 6720 is divided roughly equally between CII and CI, and that the emissions from these species are far more robust tracers of circumstellar material than CO in this object and other evolved planetary nebulae.
description: accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics (Letters): SOFIA/ GREAT special issue
Medicine for Tomorrow: Some Alternative Proposals to Promote Socially Beneficial Research and Development in Pharmaceuticals
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
name: Jayadev, Arjun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Drugs

description: The current models of pharmaceutical drug discovery display significant inefficiencies. One inefficiency is the widespread prevalence of me-too drugs. Second, some patents can act as barriers to knowledge, by slowing down the pace of new discoveries. Third, there are higher costs for the public, who end up paying double costs — subsidizing or funding research and development (R&D) that leads to new discoveries on the one hand, and, on the other, paying the social costs of restricted access to knowledge when the discoveries are privatized. Fourth, when the market returns are the sole guide to R&D of new drugs, diseases that are prevalent in markets with weaker buying power are neglected. Thus, policymakers need to identify a new, more cost-effective and innovative productive system for R&D. Policymakers are faced with very complex choices in designing their regulations. They want to promote access to medicines, to lower costs and to encourage research. Politically, they have to balance pressure from the industry with increasingly forceful demands from health advocacy groups. The article looks at four different sorts of policies that may be used to address some of the inadequacies in the current system, especially with regard to the management of R&D: promoting prizes over patents; directing innovation toward socially beneficial outputs by adopting some form of value-based pricing; publicly funding clinical trials to reduce conflicts of interest while reducing costs; and actively managing frontier technologies to maximize positive social spillovers.
Jacobi and Kummer's Ideal Numbers
Creators: name: Lemmermeyer, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we give a modern interpretation of Kummer's ideal numbers and show how they developed from Jacobi's work on cyclotomy, in particular the methods for studying "Jacobi sums" which he presented in his lectures on number theory and cyclotomy in the winter semester 1836/37.
title: Multicomponent T1 Relaxometry Analysis using Quantitative Parameter Mapping Magnetic Resonance Imaging.
Creators: name: Maeda, Naoki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Not applicable
subject: Prospective
subject: Cerebrospinal fluid
subject: Physics
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR physics
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To propose a method for relaxometry analysis with Quantitative Parameter Mapping Magnetic Resonance Imaging (QPM-MRI). Quantitative values derived from Synthetic MRI may lead to many potential clinical applications. To understand the spin-lattice...
Additional file 1 of A multi-targeting bionanomatrix coating to reduce capsular contracture development on silicone implants
Creators: name: Hwang, Patrick
name: Shin, Chung Min
name: Sherwood, Jennifer A.
name: Kim, DongHo
name: Vijayan, Vineeth M.
name: Josyula, Krishna C.
name: Millican, Reid C.
name: Ho, Donald
name: Brott, Brigitta C.
name: Thomas, Vinoy
name: Choi, Chul Hee
name: Oh, Sang-Ha
name: Kim, Dong Woon
name: Jun, Ho-Wook
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Scanning electron microscopyimage of uncoated silicone surface. Fig. S2. Contact angle measurement ofuncoated,30-layer bionanomatrix coated, and60-layer bionanomatrix coatedsilicone implants.As per journal requirements, every additional file must have a corresponding caption. In this regard, please be informed that the caption was taken from the additional e-file itself. Please advise if the action taken is appropriate and amend if necessary.There is no problem with captions.
title: Brain Death – Going beyond the veil
Creators: name: AGGARWAL, ANKITA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Outcomes
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To familiarize radiologists with the cross-sectional imaging findings of brain death To describe the CT angiographic (CTA) findings in brain death To illustrate specific findings of brain death on various MRI...
Support Vector Machine Active Learning for Music Retrieval
Creators: name: Mandel, Michael I.
name: Poliner, Graham E.
name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Artificial intelligence
Music

description: Searching and organizing growing digital music collections requires a computational model of music similarity. This paper describes a system for performing flexible music similarity queries using SVM active learning. We evaluated the success of our system by classifying 1210 pop songs according to mood and style (from an online music guide) and by the performing artist. In comparing a number of representations for songs, we found the statistics of mel-frequency cepstral coefficients to perform best in precision-at-20 comparisons. We also show that by choosing training examples intelligently, active learning requires half as many labeled examples to achieve the same accuracy as a standard scheme.