cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Searching for statistical equilibrium in a dynamical multifragmentation path
Creators: name: Raduta, A. H.
name: Colonna, M.
name: Di Toro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for identifying statistical equilibrium stages in dynamical multifragmentation paths as provided by transport models, already successfully tested for for the reaction ^{129}Xe+^{119}Sn at 32 MeV/u is applied here to a higher energy reaction, ^{129}Xe+^{119}Sn at 50 MeV/u. The method evaluates equilibrium from the point of view of the microcanonical multifragmentation model (MMM) and reactions are simulated by means of the stochastic mean field model (SMF). A unique solution, corresponding to the maximum population of the system phase space, was identified suggesting that a huge part of the available phase space is occupied even in the case of the 50 MeV/u reaction, in presence of a considerable amount of radial collective flow. The specific equilibration time and volume are identified and differences between the two systems are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Multi-functional hedgerows in the bocage systems of France - As sebes multifuncionais nos sistemas de bocage franceses
Creators: name: THENAIL, Claudine
name: VIAUD, Stéphanie AVIRON Valérie
name: GUÉHENNEUC, Thierry
name: MENGUY, Cyrille
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: windbreakers
traditional systems
agroforestry
forest management
XVIII century
biodiversity
livestock
holistic management
quebra-ventos
sistemas tradicionais
sistemas agroflorestais
gestão florestal
século XVIII
biodiversidade
pecuária
gestão holística

description: tradução de leaflet do AGFORWARD - Na região da Bretanha, a criação da paisagem compartimentada com sebes arbóreas do tipo bocage estendeu-se do fim do século XVIII ao início do seculo XX. As sebes seguiam as descontinuidades do terreno, traduziam os limites das propriedades ou do seu uso, e ao mesmo tempo forneciam madeira e lenha para uso local e regional. Nos últimos 50 anos, mudanças na agricultura e na propriedade rural levaram a uma desconstrução destes sistemas e à perda das funções ecológicas que desempenhavam. Até à data, as iniciativas de restauração da compartimentação com árvores enfatizaram o valor das sebes como fornecedoras de serviços ambientais, mais do que de recursos produtivos, o que criou problemas de sustentabilidade. O princípio por detrás do sistema agroflorestal do tipo bocage é o desenvolvimento de uma visão holística que considera as sebes como componentes multifuncionais da paisagem e dos sistemas agrícolas, implicando mudança tanto na mentalidade como nas práticas culturais.
On the two and one-half dimensional Vlasov-Poisson system with an external magnetic field: global well-posedness and stability of confined steady states
Creators: name: Knopf, Patrik
name: Weber, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B35, 35Q83, 82D10

description: The time evolution of a two-component collisionless plasma is modeled by the Vlasov-Poisson system. In this work, the setting is two and one-half dimensional, that is, the distribution functions of the particles species are independent of the third space dimension. We consider the case that an external magnetic field is present in order to confine the plasma in a given infinitely long cylinder. After discussing global well-posedness of the corresponding Cauchy problem, we construct stationary solutions which indeed have support away from their confinement device. Then, in the main part of this work we investigate the stability of such steady states, both with respect to perturbations in the initial data, where we employ the energy-Casimir method, and also with respect to perturbations in the external magnetic field.
When almost all sets are difference dominated
Creators: name: Hegarty, Peter
name: Miller, Steven J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P99 (Primary), 11K99 (Secondary)

description: We investigate the relationship between the sizes of the sum and difference sets attached to a subset of {0,1,...,N}, chosen randomly according to a binomial model with parameter p(N), with N^{-1} = o(p(N)). We show that the random subset is almost surely difference dominated, as N --> oo, for any choice of p(N) tending to zero, thus confirming a conjecture of Martin and O'Bryant. The proofs use recent strong concentration results. Furthermore, we exhibit a threshold phenomenon regarding the ratio of the size of the difference- to the sumset. If p(N) = o(N^{-1/2}) then almost all sums and differences in the random subset are almost surely distinct, and in particular the difference set is almost surely about twice as large as the sumset. If N^{-1/2} = o(p(N)) then both the sum and difference sets almost surely have size (2N+1) - O(p(N)^{-2}), and so the ratio in question is almost surely very close to one. If p(N) = c N^{-1/2} then as c increases from zero to infinity (i.e., as the threshold is crossed), the same ratio almost surely decreases continuously from two to one according to an explicitly given function of c. We also extend our results to the comparison of the generalized difference sets attached to an arbitrary pair of binary linear forms. For certain pairs of forms f and g, we show that there in fact exists a sharp threshold at c_{f,g} N^{-1/2}, for some computable constant c_{f,g}, such that one form almost surely dominates below the threshold, and the other almost surely above it. The heart of our approach involves using different tools to obtain strong concentration of the sizes of the sum and difference sets about their mean values, for various ranges of the parameter p.
description: Version 2.1. 24 pages. Fixed a few typos, updated references
The 2023 extreme coastal El Niño: Atmospheric and air-sea coupling mechanisms
Creators: name: Peng, Qihua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: AM4 Model Data:AM4_Fig1&figS8:AM4 simulated data for Fig1 (right panels) and fig.S8; In the u10 and v10 fields, regions with wind speeds less than 0.5 m/s have been assigned NaN values.AM4_figS9:AM4 simulated  data for fig.S9; positive omega means upward movementAM4_figS11: AM4 simulated data for fig.S11I and S11J;AM4_figS12B:AM4 simulated  data for fig.S12B;AM4_figS13:AM4 simulated  data for fig.S13; Portions failing the confidence test in regression have been assigned a value of 0. Note: In fig. S13A, the coefficient signs have been reversed during plotting.

MITgcm Model Data:MITgcm_Fig2B:MITgcm simulated 5-day SLA along the equator during 2023.1.1-7.10 for Fig2BMITgcm_Fig3:MITgcm simulated 5-day zonal mean (80oW-85oW) SST and SLA anomalies during 2023.1.1-7.10 for Fig3; MITgcm_figS7B:MITgcm simulated data for figS7B;
Radio Frequency Spectra of 388 Bright 74 MHz Sources
Creators: name: Helmboldt, J. F.
name: Kassim, N. E.
name: Cohen, A. S.
name: Lane, W. M.
name: Lazio, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a service to the community, we have compiled radio frequency spectra from the literature for all sources within the VLA Low Frequency Sky Survey (VLSS) that are brighter than 15 Jy at 74 MHz. Over 160 references were used to maximize the amount of spectral data used in the compilation of the spectra, while also taking care to determine the corrections needed to put the flux densities from all reference on the same absolute flux density scale. With the new VLSS data, we are able to vastly improve upon previous efforts to compile spectra of bright radio sources to frequencies below 100 MHz because (1) the VLSS flux densities are more reliable than those from some previous low frequency surveys and (2) the VLSS covers a much larger area of the sky (declination >-30 deg.) than many other low frequency surveys (e.g., the 8C survey). In this paper, we discuss how the spectra were constructed and how parameters quantifying the shapes of the spectra were derived. Both the spectra and the shape parameters are made available here to assist in the calibration of observations made with current and future low frequency radio facilities.
description: Accepted to ApJS
D_{s0}^+(2317) as an Iso-triplet Four-quark Meson and Production of Its Neutral and Doubly Charged Partners
Creators: name: Terasaki, Kunihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By studying the decays D_{s0}^+(2317) --> D_s^+ pi^0 and D_s^{*+} gamma, It is shown that its assignment to the I_3=0 component of iso-triplet scalar four-quark mesons is favored. Productions of its neutral and doubly charged partners are also studied. As the result, it is concluded that they could be observed in B decays. Their iso-singlet partner might have been observed in the radiative channels of B decays by the BELLE Collaboration.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, RevTeX
Efficient Stepping Algorithms and Implementations for Parallel Shortest Paths
Creators: name: Dong, Xiaojun
name: Gu, Yan
name: Sun, Yihan
name: Zhang, Yunming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the single-source shortest-path (SSSP) problem with positive edge weights, which is a notoriously hard problem in the parallel context. In practice, the $Δ$-stepping algorithm proposed by Meyer and Sanders has been widely adopted. However, $Δ$-stepping has no known worst-case bounds for general graphs. The performance of $Δ$-stepping also highly relies on the parameter $Δ$. There have also been lots of algorithms with theoretical bounds, such as Radius-stepping, but they either have no implementations available or are much slower than $Δ$-stepping in practice. We propose a stepping algorithm framework that generalizes existing algorithms such as $Δ$-stepping and Radius-stepping. The framework allows for similar analysis and implementations of all stepping algorithms. We also propose a new ADT, lazy-batched priority queue (LaB-PQ), that abstracts the semantics of the priority queue needed by the stepping algorithms. We provide two data structures for LaB-PQ, focusing on theoretical and practical efficiency, respectively. Based on the new framework and LaB-PQ, we show two new stepping algorithms, $ρ$-stepping and $Δ^*$-stepping, that are simple, with non-trivial worst-case bounds, and fast in practice. The stepping algorithm framework also provides almost identical implementations for three algorithms: Bellman-Ford, $Δ^*$-stepping, and $ρ$-stepping. We compare our code with four state-of-the-art implementations. On five social and web graphs, $ρ$-stepping is 1.3--2.5x faster than all the existing implementations. On two road graphs, our $Δ^*$-stepping is at least 14\% faster than existing implementations, while $ρ$-stepping is also competitive. The almost identical implementations for stepping algorithms also allow for in-depth analyses and comparisons among the stepping algorithms in practice.
The Seesaw with Many Right-Handed Neutrinos
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Lebedev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are no upper limits on the possible number of massive, singlet (right--handed) neutrinos that may participate in the seesaw mechanism, and some string constructions motivate seesaw models with up to O(100) right--handed neutrinos. In this case, the seesaw mass scale can be significantly higher than that in the traditional scheme with just 3 right--handed neutrinos. We consider the possible phenomenological implications of such models, in particular, for lepton-flavour violation and electric dipole moments. Since the neutrino masses depend on the Majorana mass scale linearly, while supersymmetric loop corrections depend on it logarithmically, the magnitude of lepton-flavour- and CP-violating transitions may increase with the multiplicity of the right--handed neutrinos and may be enhanced by orders of magnitude. We also point out that, in the context of leptogensis, the bounds on the reheating temperature and the lightest neutrino mass get relaxed compared to those in the case of 3 right--handed neutrinos.
description: 14 pages; refs. added, published version
Understanding and Improvement of Adversarial Training for Network Embedding from an Optimization Perspective
Creators: name: Du, Lun
name: Chen, Xu
name: Gao, Fei
name: Fu, Qiang
name: Xie, Kunqing
name: Han, Shi
name: Zhang, Dongmei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network Embedding aims to learn a function mapping the nodes to Euclidean space contribute to multiple learning analysis tasks on networks. However, the noisy information behind the real-world networks and the overfitting problem both negatively impact the quality of embedding vectors. To tackle these problems, researchers utilize Adversarial Training for Network Embedding (AdvTNE) and achieve state-of-the-art performance. Unlike the mainstream methods introducing perturbations on the network structure or the data feature, AdvTNE directly perturbs the model parameters, which provides a new chance to understand the mechanism behind. In this paper, we explain AdvTNE theoretically from an optimization perspective. Considering the Power-law property of networks and the optimization objective, we analyze the reason for its excellent results. According to the above analysis, we propose a new activation to enhance the performance of AdvTNE. We conduct extensive experiments on four real networks to validate the effectiveness of our method in node classification and link prediction. The results demonstrate that our method is superior to the state-of-the-art baseline methods.
description: 11 pages, 0 figures, accepted by WSDM'22
Optical coherent dot-product chip for sophisticated deep learning regression
Creators: name: Xu, Shaofu
name: Wang, Jing
name: Shu, Haowen
name: Zhang, Zhike
name: Yi, Sicheng
name: Bai, Bowen
name: Wang, Xingjun
name: Liu, Jianguo
name: Zou, Weiwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical implementations of neural networks (ONNs) herald the next-generation high-speed and energy-efficient deep learning computing by harnessing the technical advantages of large bandwidth and high parallelism of optics. However, due to the problems of incomplete numerical domain, limited hardware scale, or inadequate numerical accuracy, the majority of existing ONNs were studied for basic classification tasks. Given that regression is a fundamental form of deep learning and accounts for a large part of current artificial intelligence applications, it is necessary to master deep learning regression for further development and deployment of ONNs. Here, we demonstrate a silicon-based optical coherent dot-product chip (OCDC) capable of completing deep learning regression tasks. The OCDC adopts optical fields to carry out operations in complete real-value domain instead of in only positive domain. Via reusing, a single chip conducts matrix multiplications and convolutions in neural networks of any complexity. Also, hardware deviations are compensated via in-situ backpropagation control provided the simplicity of chip architecture. Therefore, the OCDC meets the requirements for sophisticated regression tasks and we successfully demonstrate a representative neural network, the AUTOMAP (a cutting-edge neural network model for image reconstruction). The quality of reconstructed images by the OCDC and a 32-bit digital computer is comparable. To the best of our knowledge, there is no precedent of performing such state-of-the-art regression tasks on ONN chip. It is anticipated that the OCDC can promote novel accomplishment of ONNs in modern AI applications including autonomous driving, natural language processing, and scientific study.
Construction of a Family of Positive But Not Completely Positive Map For the Detection of Bound Entangled States
Creators: name: Rohira, Richa
name: Sanduja, Shreya
name: Adhikari, Satyabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a family of map which is shown to be positive when imposing certain condition on the parameters. Then we show that the constructed map can never be completely positive. After tuning the parameters, we found that the map still remain positive but it is not completely positive. We then use the positive but not completely positive map in the detection of bound entangled state and negative partial transpose entangled states.
description: 6 pages, Published Version
Gravity Waves and Primordial Black Holes in Scalar Warm Little Inflation
Creators: name: Bastero-Gil, Mar
name: Díaz-Blanco, Marta Subías
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In warm inflation, dissipation due to the interactions of the inflaton field to other light degrees of freedom leads naturally to the enhancement of the primordial spectrum during the last 10-20 efolds of inflation. We study this effect in a variant of the Warm Little Inflaton model, where the inflaton couples to light scalars, with a quartic chaotic potential. These large fluctuations on re-entry will form light, evaporating Primordial Black Holes, with masses lighter than $10^6$ g. But at the same time they will act as a source for the tensors at second order. The enhancement is maximal near the end of inflation, which result in a spectral density of Gravitational Waves (GW) peaked at frequencies $f \sim O(10^3-10^5)$ Hz today, and with an amplitude $Ω_{GW} \sim 10^{-10}-10^{-8}$. Although the frequency range is outside the reach of present and planned GW detectors, it might be reached in future high-frequency gravitational waves detectors, designed to search for cosmological stochastic GW backgrounds above MHz frequencies.
description: version accepted in JCAP; major revision, new figures and discussion on the primordial spectrum, main conclusion unchanged
Recursive Coherence Collapse: A Neuroanatomical Framework for Semantic Integration
Creators: name: Devine, Matthew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Recursive Coherence Collapse (RCC) is proposed as a neurophenomenological model wherein the brain resolves semantic dissonance through recursive inferential loops that collapse into coherent attractors. This paper explores the neuroanatomical correlates of RCC, grounding it in predictive processing theory and known brain circuits involved in conflict monitoring, recursive modelling, and insight generation. RCC unifies experiences such as insight, symbolic integration, and altered states into a singular mechanism of recursive collapse. Testable hypotheses are offered to validate its neural underpinnings.
description: RCC
The effect of dissipation on quantum transmission resonance
Creators: name: Konno, Kohkichi
name: Nishida, Munehiro
name: Tanda, Satoshi
name: Hatakenaka, Noriyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum transmissions of a free particle passing through a rectangular potential barrier with dissipation are studied using a path decomposition technique. Dissipative processes strongly suppress the transmission probability at resonance just above the barrier resulting in an unexpected reduction of the mean traversal time through the potential barrier.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in Physics Letters A
Genitorialità e carriera: non si può avere tutto?
Creators: name: NESTOLA, ENRICA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Educare è un atto politico. Ed è un atto di responsabilità verso il futuro di tutti, verso lasocietà di domani. Tuttavia, diventare madri porta spesso a ritmi nuovi, più lenti cherisultano contrapposti alla velocità che l’attività di ricerca prevede. La capacità dipubblicare in maniera costante, di impatto e in quantità rilevanti sembra essere l’unitàdi misura primaria attraverso cui stabilire il valore scientifico di un ricercatore. In questoscenario, diventare genitori non conviene in termini di carriera. Inoltre, se la genitorialitàavviene durante il precariato, questo potrebbe significare un rallentamento dellacostruzione della propria professione o un abbandono dell’attività di ricerca a favore diambiti meno competitivi e più allineati ai tempi di un genitore. Il rischio, quindi, è quellodi lasciare indietro chi si occupa del lavoro di cura, trasmettendo e amplificando ledisparità di genere e contribuendo a fenomeni come la “maternity penalty” e il “parentalwall”. È urgente quindi riconsiderare i modelli di valutazione rendendoli più equi esostenibili. È fondamentale applicare delle misure efficaci che contemplino lagenitorialità come risorsa anche nel mondo della ricerca, evitando che diventi un frenoalla carriera. Infine, è necessario ripensare la valutazione del lavoro nelle sedi concorsualimuovendosi verso politiche già in atto dalla Commissione Europea, al fine di nonpenalizzare chi si occupa, insieme alla scienza, dei cittadini di domani.
Looking beyond the horizon
Creators: name: Babichev, Eugeny
name: Mukhanov, Viatcheslav
name: Vikman, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short talk we review our results from the paper hep-th/0604075 with the main stress on the issues of causality and acoustic metric in eikonal approximation. In addition we correct the formula for the redshift of sound signals from our original work. We show that, if there exists a special kind of Born-Infeld type scalar field, then one can send information from inside a black hole. This information is encoded in perturbations of the field propagating in non-trivial scalar field backgrounds, which serve as a "new ether". Although the action of the theory is manifestly Lorentz-invariant the non-trivial solutions break this symmetry spontaneously, allowing, the superluminal propagation of perturbations with respect to this "new ether". We found the stationary solution for background, which describes the accretion of the scalar field onto a black hole. Examining the propagation of small perturbations around this solution we show that the signals emitted inside the Schwarzschild horizon can reach an observer located outside the black hole. Thus the accreting field forms a hydrodynamical analog of a black hole whose horizon is inside of the gravitational black hole drawing in the scalar field.
description: To appear in the proceedings of 11th Marcel Grossmann Meeting on Recent Developments in Theoretical and Experimental General Relativity, Gravitation, and Relativistic Field Theories, Berlin, Germany, 23-29 Jul 2006
Analytic multi-Baryonic solutions in the SU(N)-Skyrme model at finite density
Creators: name: Cacciatori, Sergio L.
name: Canfora, Fabrizio
name: Lagos, Marcela
name: Muscolino, Federica
name: Vera, Aldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct explicit analytic solutions of the $SU(N)$-Skyrme model (for generic $N$) suitable to describe different phases of nuclear pasta at finite volume in $(3+1)$ dimensions. The first type are crystals of Baryonic tubes (nuclear spaghetti) while the second type are smooth Baryonic layers (nuclear lasagna). Both, the ansatz for the spaghetti and the ansatz for the lasagna phases, reduce the complete set of Skyrme field equations to just one integrable equation for the profile within sectors of arbitrary high topological charge. We compute explicitly the total energy of both configurations in terms of the flavor number, the density and the Baryonic charge. Remarkably, our analytic results allow to compare explicitly the physical properties of nuclear spaghetti and lasagna phases. Our construction shows explicitly that, at lower densities, configurations with $N=2$ light flavors are favored while, at higher densities, configurations with $N=3$ are favored. Our construction also proves that in the high density regime (but still well within the range of validity of the Skyrme model) the lasagna configurations are favored while at low density the spaghetti configurations are favored. Moreover, the integrability property of the present configurations is not spoiled by the inclusion of the subleading corrections to the Skyrme model arising in the 't Hooft expansion. Finally, we briefly discuss the large $N$ limit of our configurations.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures; title slightly changed, further details on the comparison between the analytical results and the available phenomenological evidences have been included. Version accepted for publication on JHEP
Solitary and shock waves in discrete double power-law materials
Creators: name: Herbold, E. B.
name: Nesterenko, V. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel strongly nonlinear laminar metamaterial supporting new types of solitary and shock waves with impact energy mitigating capabilities is presented. It consists of steel plates with intermittent polymer toroidal rings acting as strongly nonlinear springs with large allowable strain. Their force-displacement relationship is described by the addition of two power-law relationships resulting in a solitary wave speed and width depending on the amplitude. This double nonlinearity allows splitting of an initial impulse into two separate strongly nonlinear solitary wave trains. Solitary and shock waves are observed experimentally and analyzed numerically in an assembly with Teflon o-rings.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Effects of resource extraction industries on behaviour and population dynamics of grizzly bears in the Flathead drainage, British Columbia and Montana
Creators: name: McLellan, Bruce Norman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The range and numbers of grizzly bears (Ursus arctos L.) have been greatly reduced since Europeans settled North America and there is concern that various human activities threaten many of the remaining bears. In this thesis I examine relationships between resource extraction industries and grizzly bear ecology, behaviour, and population dynamics in an area undergoing timber harvest and gas exploration. The major hypothesis investigated was that the industrial activities in the study area would be detrimental to the grizzly population and I predicted either a low density of bears compared to other interior populations, or at least a negative rate of increase. To determine specific causes for any observed population response, I monitored behavioural reactions of grizzly bears to industrial activities and habitats modified by these activities. The selection of seasonal home ranges and use of habitat components, elevation, and aspects by grizzly bears from these ranges are presented. Based on 4872 relocations of 55 radio-collared bears over a 9 year period, grizzlies were found to generally follow 1 of 2 seasonal home range selection strategies. Mountain resident (MR) bears remained in mountainous terrain for the entire year while elevational migrating (EM) bears moved down to the Flathead Valley bottom twice each year. Habitats frequently used by bears were low elevation riparian areas, snowchutes, high elevation burns, and low elevation timber and open timber. Cutting units were rarely used. Most bears used habitats within 100 m of roads less than expected, resulting in an effective habitat loss of 8.7%. Avoidance of roads was independent of traffic volume, suggesting that only a small number of vehicles is sufficient to displace bears. However, roads and nearby areas avoided by bears during day were used at night. Yearlings and females with cubs used habitats near roads more than other bears. Five comparisons of bear use before, during, and after industrial activity indicated little displacement. Because the estimated average density of grizzly bears was 6.4/100km², which was high for an interior population, and their estimated rate of increase was positive (r[sub s] = 0.081), the major hypothesis was rejected. Resource extraction industries did contribute to grizzly bear mortality indirectly, however, by making roads which provide easy access to hunters, poachers and settlers. Of the 9 grizzlies which died when radio-collared, 2 were killed by legal hunting, 5 were illegally killed; 3 of these illegal kills occurred in 4% of the study area with permanent human settlement. Vehicular access planning and post-operational control are major recommendations of this study.
CPT and Decoherence in Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Mavromatos, Nikolaos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, I first discuss briefly some theoretical motivations for potential Lorentz Violation and deviation from ordinary quantum mechanical behavior (decoherence) of field theoretic systems in the background of some quantum gravity (QG) models. Both types of effects lead to CPT violation, but they can be disentangled experimentally. I, then, proceed to a description of precision tests of CPT symmetry using neutral and charged Kaons, which are of direct relevance to the main theme of this conference. I emphasize the potentially unique rôle of neutral meson factories in providing ``smoking-gun'' evidence of some QG-decoherence models in which the CPT quantum mechanical operator is not well defined. This is achieved by means of potential observations of QG-induced modifications of the pertinent Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) particle correlations.
description: 11 pages LATEX, six eps figures incorporated. Invited Plenary talk at the Kaon 2007 International Conference, LN Frascati (Italy), 21-25 May 2007. Submitted to Proc. of Science
IR-Improved DGLAP Theory: Kernels, Parton Distributions, Reduced Cross Sections
Creators: name: Ward, B. F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that exact, amplitude-based resummation allows IR-improvement of the usual DGLAP theory. This results in a new set of kernels, parton distributions and attendant reduced cross sections, so that the QCD perturbative result for the respective hadron-hadron or lepton-hadron cross section is unchanged order-by-order in $α_s$ at large squared-momentum transfers. We compare these new objects with their usual counter-parts and illustrate the effects of the IR-improvement in some phenomenological cases of interest with an eye toward precision applications in LHC physics scenarios.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures
GAMMA: a new method for modeling relativistic hydrodynamics and non-thermal emission on a moving mesh
Creators: name: Ayache, Eliot H.
name: van Eerten, Hendrik J.
name: Eardley, Rupert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, dynamical relativistic jet simulation techniques have progressed to a point where it is becoming possible to fully numerically resolve gamma-ray burst (GRB) blast-wave evolution across scales. However, the modeling of emission is currently lagging behind and limits our efforts to fully interpret the physics of GRBs. In this work we combine recent developments in moving-mesh relativistic dynamics with a local treatment of non-thermal emission in a new code: GAMMA. The code involves an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian approach only in the dominant direction of fluid motion which avoids mesh entanglement and associated computational costs. Shock detection, particle injection and local calculation of their evolution including radiative cooling are done at runtime. Even though GAMMA has been designed with GRB physics applications in mind, it is modular such that new solvers and geometries can be implemented easily with a wide range of potential applications. In this paper, we demonstrate the validity of our approach and compute accurate broadband GRB afterglow radiation from early to late times. Our results show that the spectral cooling break shifts by a factor of ~ 40 compared to existing methods. Its temporal behavior also significantly changes from the previously calculated temporary steep increase after the jet break. Instead, we find that the cooling break does not shift with time between the relativistic and Newtonian asymptotes when computed from our local algorithm. GAMMA is publicly available at: https://github.com/eliotayache/GAMMA.
description: 17 pages, 23 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Chicago Council on Foreign Relations/German Marshall Fund Poll: July 2002
Creators: name: Chicago Council On Global Affairs
name: Fund, German Marshall
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Priority of foreign policy (9); trust in the government do do what is right (1); biggest problems facing the country (1); biggest foreign policy problems facing the US (1); political participation over the last four years (2); political knowledge (2); support for federal programs (9); domestic programs (3); foreign aid (24); spending by European governments (2); role of public/executive/legislative in US foreign policy (13); success of past and present US presidents in conducting foreign policy (4); President George W. Bush (15); US military bases/troop overseas (25); leadership in world events (36); economic vs. military strength (1); US foreign interests (30); feelings toward different countries (28); feelings toward world leaders (16); September 11th (4); critical/non-critical threats to the US (20); Iraq/Saddam Hussein (10); North/South Korea (8); use of nuclear weapons (2); support/oppose the use of US troops (12); importance of different foreign policy goals (20); US participation in international treaties/agreements (4); international institutions and organizations (28); NATO (4); United Nations (7); economic sanctions (5); diplomatic relations (65); Israeli-Palestinian conflict (8); Islam (3); international trade/globalization (14); World Trade Organization (2); GMOs/use of biotechnology in agriculture and food production (1); US immigration (6).
Orbital magnetization and its effects in spin-chiral ferromagnetic Kagome lattice
Creators: name: Wang, Zhigang
name: Zhang, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Berry phase in the semiclassical dynamical of Bloch electrons has been found to make a correction to the phase-space density of states and a general multi-band formula for finite-temperature orbital magnetization has been given [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{97}, 026603 (2006)], where the orbital magnetization $\mathcal{M}$ consists of two parts, i.e., the conventional part $M_{c}$ and the Berry-phase correction part $M_Ω$. Using this general formula, we theoretically investigate the orbital magnetization and its effects on thermoelectric transport and magnetic susceptibility properties of the two-dimensional \textit{kagomé} lattice with spin anisotropies included. The study in this paper is highly interesting by the occurrence of nonzero Chern number in the lattice. The spin chirality parameter $ϕ$ (see text) results in profound effects on the orbital magnetization properties. It is found that the two parts in orbital magnetization opposite each other. In particular, we show that $M_{c}$ and $M_Ω$ yield the paramagnetic and diamagnetic responses, respectively. It is further shown that the orbital magnetization displays fully different behavior in the metallic and insulating regions, which is due to the different roles $M_{c}$ and $M_Ω$ play in these two regions. The anomalous Nernst conductivity is also calculated, which displays a peak-valley structure as a function of the electron Fermi energy.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Quantum mechanics on Hilbert manifolds: The principle of functional relativity
Creators: name: Kryukov, Alexey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics is formulated as a geometric theory on a Hilbert manifold. Images of charts on the manifold are allowed to belong to arbitrary Hilbert spaces of functions including spaces of generalized functions. Tensor equations in this setting, also called functional tensor equations, describe families of functional equations on various Hilbert spaces of functions. The principle of functional relativity is introduced which states that quantum theory is indeed a functional tensor theory, i.e., it can be described by functional tensor equations. The main equations of quantum theory are shown to be compatible with the principle of functional relativity. By accepting the principle as a hypothesis, we then analyze the origin of physical dimensions, provide a geometric interpretation of Planck's constant, and find a simple interpretation of the two-slit experiment and the process of measurement.
description: 45 pages, 9 figures, see arXiv:0704.3225v1 for mathematical considerations and http://www.uwc.edu/dept/math/faculty/kryukov/ for related papers
Weak values and the Leggett-Garg inequality in solid-state qubits
Creators: name: Williams, Nathan S.
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An implementation of weak values is investigated in solid-state qubits. We demonstrate that a weak value can be non-classical if and only if a Leggett-Garg inequality can also be violated. Generalized weak values are described, where post-selection on a range of weak measurement results. Imposing classical weak values permits the derivation of Leggett-Garg inequalities for bounded operators. Our analysis is presented in terms of kicked quantum nondemolition measurements on a quantum double-dot charge qubit.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Instantons, Hypermultiplets and the Heterotic String
Creators: name: Halmagyi, Nick
name: Melnikov, Ilarion V.
name: Sethi, Savdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypermultiplet couplings in type IIA string theory on a Calabi-Yau space can be quantum corrected by D2-brane instantons wrapping special Lagrangian cycles. On the other hand, hypermultiplet couplings in the heterotic string on a K3 surface are corrected by world-sheet instantons wrapping curves. In a class of examples, we relate these two sets of instanton corrections. We first present an analogue of the c-map for the heterotic string via a dual flux compactification of M-theory. Using this duality, we propose two ways of capturing quantum corrections to hypermultiplets. We then use the orientifold limit of certain F-theory compactifications to relate curves in K3 to special Lagrangians in dual type IIA compactifications. We conclude with some results from perturbative string theory for hypermultiplet F-terms and a conjecture about the topology of brane instantons.
description: 52 pages, LaTeX; references, some corrections and clarifications added to the published version
Searching for Dark Photons with Existing Haloscope Data
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sumita
name: Ruddy, Liz
name: Jewell, Michael J.
name: Leder, Alexander F.
name: Maruyama, Reina H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark (or hidden) photon is a massive U(1) gauge boson theorized as a dark force mediator and as a dark matter candidate. Dark photons can be detected with axion cavity haloscopes by probing for a power excess caused by the dark photon's kinetic mixing with Standard Model photons. Haloscope axion exclusion limits may therefore be converted into competitive dark photon parameter limits via the calculation of a corresponding dark photon to photon coupling factor. This calculation allows for an improvement in sensitivity of around four orders of magnitude relative to other dark photon exclusions and may be attained using existing data. We present how one converts haloscope axion search limits and a summary of relevant experimental parameters from published searches. In addition, we have included the code that can be used to generate our dark photon exclusion limits for the cases described in this paper. Finally, we present limits on the kinetic mixing coefficient between dark photons and the Standard Model photons based on existing haloscope axion searches.
description: 4 pages of content plus 2 pages of bibliography, 1 figure; updated with code for a statistical analysis on the polarization of the dark photon; accepted for publication in PRD
Additional file 3: of Molecular characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. from clinical infection samples and fecal survey samples in Southern China
Creators: name: Li, Si
name: Duan, Xiaonv
name: Peng, Yuan
name: Rui, Yongyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2. carO gene from Acinetobacter species. (a) Homology analysis of ten novel carO gene sequences with carO gene from ATCC 17978. (b) Alignment of carO gene sequences , the carO gene sequences of A6 strain and A592 strain are from NCBI databanks. (DOCX 124 kb)
Effects of noise and confidence thresholds in nominal and metric Axelrod dynamics of social influence
Creators: name: De Sanctis, Luca
name: Galla, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of bounded confidence thresholds and of interaction and external noise on Axelrod's model of social influence. Our study is based on a combination of numerical simulations and an integration of the mean-field Master equation describing the system in the thermodynamic limit. We find that interaction thresholds affect the system only quantitatively, but that they do not alter the basic phase structure. The known crossover between an ordered and a disordered state in finite systems subject to external noise persists in models with general confidence threshold. Interaction noise here facilitates the dynamics and reduces relaxation times. We also study Axelrod systems with metric features, and point out similarities and differences compared to models with nominal features. Metric features are used to demonstrate that a small group of extremists can have a significant impact on the opinion dynamics of a population of Axelrod agents.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Dynamics of Open Quantum Systems I, Oscillation and Decay
Creators: name: Merkli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a framework to analyze the dynamics of a finite-dimensional quantum system $\rm S$ in contact with a reservoir $\rm R$. The full, interacting $\rm SR$ dynamics is unitary. The reservoir has a stationary state but otherwise dissipative dynamics. We identify a main part of the full dynamics, which approximates it for small values of the $\rm SR$ coupling constant, uniformly for all times $t\ge 0$. The main part consists of explicit oscillating and decaying parts. We show that the reduced system evolution is Markovian for all times. The technical novelty is a detailed analysis of the link between the dynamics and the spectral properties of the generator of the $\rm SR$ dynamics, based on Mourre theory. We allow for $\rm SR$ interactions with little regularity, meaning that the decay of the reservoir correlation function only needs to be polynomial in time, improving on the previously required exponential decay. In this work we distill the structural and technical ingredients causing the characteristic features of oscillation and decay of the $\rm SR$ dynamics. In the companion paper [27] we apply the formalism to the concrete case of an $N$-level system linearly coupled to a spatially infinitely extended thermal bath of non-interacting Bosons.
description: 5 figures