cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
EFSA pest survey card on Xylella fastidiosa: how to define the detection method?
Creators: name: Mattion Giulia
name: Alice, Delbianco
name: Ignazio, Graziosi
name: Vos Sybren
name: Camilleri Melanie
name: José, Cortiñas Abrahantes
name: Diakaki Makrina
name: Elena, Lázaro
name: Stephen, Parnell
name: Schrader Gritta
name: Martijn, Schenk
name: Antonio, Vicent Civera
name: Zancanaro Gabriele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: plant health
subject: xylella
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C20262
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1506

description: EFSA developed the “Pest survey card on Xylella fastidiosa” for the preparation of surveys, with the aim of guiding the Member States in gathering information needed for designing statistically sound and risk-based surveys for the pathogen. In particular, it addresses the key question on how to detect the organism. The method of detection needs to be defined and consists of a sequence of operations starting from the selection of the units to inspect, the inspection itself, the sampling of plant material and finally the diagnostic and testing in the laboratory using available protocols. The inspection unit is the elementary subdivision of the host plant population targeted by the survey and to which the detection method is applied. For X. fastidiosa, the inspection units are the individual host plants. A major challenge for the detection of the bacterium is that both symptomatic and asymptomatic plant material should be scrutinised and systematically sampled. This is because infected plants can be asymptomatic for a long and variable period, and symptoms can be confused with drought-induced stress and other biotic or abiotic stresses. Nonetheless, an accurate visual examination to detect Xylella-like symptoms plays a major role during the collection of samples. The performance of the detection method, defined as the overall method sensitivity, should be estimated based on the available information. It is suggested to combine the sampling effectiveness, related to the sampling procedures, and the diagnostic sensitivity, defined by the laboratory tests. Characterising the detection method and its overall sensitivity is necessary for designing a robust survey, and to calculate the survey effort required to detect the pest in terms of number of inspections, samples, and laboratory tests.
description: IT; PPT; giulia.mattion@ext.efsa.europa.eu
Combining magneto-hydrostatic constraints with Stokes profiles inversions
Creators: name: Borrero, J. M.
name: Yabar, A. Pastor
name: Rempel, M.
name: Cobo, B. Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inversion codes for the polarized radiative transfer equation can be used to infer the temperature $T$, line-of-sight velocity $v_{\rm los}$, and magnetic field $\rm{\bf B}$ as a function of the continuum optical-depth $τ_{\rm c}$. However, they do not directly provide the gas pressure $P_{\rm g}$ or density $ρ$. In order to obtain these latter parameters, inversion codes rely instead on the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium (HE) in addition to the equation of state (EOS). Unfortunately, the assumption of HE is rather unrealistic across magnetic field lines. This is because the role of the Lorentz force, among other factors, is neglected. This translates into an inaccurate conversion from optical depth $τ_{\rm c}$ to geometrical height $z$. We aim at improving this conversion via the application of magneto-hydrostatic (MHS) equilibrium instead of HE. We develop a method to solve the momentum equation under MHS equilibrium (i.e., taking the Lorentz force into account) in three dimensions. The method is based on the solution of a Poisson-like equation. Considering the gas pressure $P_{\rm g}$ and density $ρ$ from three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of sunspots as a benchmark, we compare the results from the application of HE and MHS equilibrium. We find that HE retrieves the gas pressure and density within an order of magnitude of the MHD values in only about 47 \% of the domain. This translates into an error of about $160-200$ km in the determination of the $z-τ_{\rm c}$ conversion. On the other hand, the application of MHS equilibrium allows determination of $P_{\rm g}$ and $ρ$ within an order of magnitude in 84 \% of the domain. In this latter case, the $z-τ_{\rm c}$ conversion is obtained with an accuracy of $30-70$ km.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy \& Astrophysics. 12 pages, 10 figures
The Economic Feasibility of Tree Fruit Integrated Pest Management in the Northeast
Creators: name: White, G. B.
name: Thompson, Peter
name: White, G. B.
name: Thompson, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Agribusiness
Risk and Uncertainty

description: A pilot tree fruit pest management program in Wayne County, New York was evaluated. Thirty-three blocks of fruit were matched for 26 participants in the pilot program and for 23 nonparticipants. Participants reduced pesticide costs and total pest management costs in comparison to nonparticipants. Factors which will affect the adoption of Integrated Pest Management in other locations include the attitudes of growers, farm size, and the density of fruit production. Integrated Pest Management programs are economically feasible for several other areas of high tree fruit density in the Northeast.
A companion star launching jets in the wind acceleration zone of a giant star
Creators: name: Hillel, Shlomi
name: Schreier, Ron
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By conducting three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical simulations we find that jets that a main sequence companion launches as it orbits inside the wind acceleration zone of an asymptotic giant branch (AGB) star can efficiently remove mass from that zone. We assume that during the intensive wind phase a large fraction of the gas in the acceleration zone does not reach the escape velocity. Therefore, in the numerical simulations we blow the wind with a velocity just below the escape velocity. We assume that a main sequence companion accretes mass from the slow wind via an accretion disk, and launches two opposite jets perpendicular to the equatorial plane. This novel flow interaction shows that by launching jets a companion outside a giant star, but close enough to be in the acceleration zone of a slow intensive wind, can enhance the mass loss rate from the giant by ejecting some gas that would otherwise fall back onto the giant star. The jets are bent inside the wind acceleration zone and eject mass in a belt on the two sides of the equatorial plane. The jet-wind interaction contains instabilities that mix shocked jets' gas with the wind, leading to energy transfer from the jets to the wind. As well, our new simulations add to the rich variety of jet-induced outflow morphologies from evolved stars.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Bimetric Gravity Theory, Varying Speed of Light and the Dimming of Supernovae
Creators: name: Moffat, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the bimetric scalar-tensor gravitational theory there are two frames associated with the two metrics {\hat g}_{μν} and g_{μν}, which are linked by the gradients of a scalar field ϕ. The choice of a comoving frame for the metric {\hat g}_{μν} or g_{μν} has fundamental consequences for local observers in either metric spacetimes, while maintaining diffeomorphism invariance. When the metric g_{μν} is chosen to be associated with comoving coordinates, then the speed of light varies in the frame with the metric {\hat g}_{μν}. Observers in this frame see the dimming of supernovae because of the increase of the luminosity distance versus red shift, due to an increasing speed of light in the early universe. Moreover, in this frame the scalar field ϕdescribes a dark energy component in the Friedmann equation for the cosmic scale without acceleration. If we choose {\hat g}_{μν} to be associated with comoving coordinates, then an observer in the g_{μν} metric frame will observe the universe to be accelerating and the supernovae will appear to be farther away. The theory predicts that the gravitational constant G can vary in spacetime, while the fine-structure constant α=e^2/\hbar c does not vary. The problem of cosmological horizons as viewed in the two frames is discussed.
description: 22 pages, Latex file. No figures. Corrected typos. Added reference. Further references added. Further corrections. To be published in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D, 2002
The Efficiency of the Family Dairy Farm Over Its Life Cycle
Creators: name: Tauer, Loren W.
name: Tauer, Loren W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Agribusiness
Farm Management

description: This paper presents empirical measures of the efficiency of the New York family dairy farm over its life cycle. The increase and then decrease in farm efficiency with age is only minor. Factors not correlated with age are much more important in determining efficiency. Exiting farmers who appear not to have children to take over the family farm are managing and maintaining the farm as well as exiting farmers who have potential future farming children.
Optimal Production Schedules for a Representative Farm Under Alternative Seasonal Milk Pricing Patterns of the Base-Excess Plan
Creators: name: Prindle, Allen M.
name: Livezey, Janet S.
name: Prindle, Allen M.
name: Livezey, Janet S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Production of milk under various pricing policies were examined for a representative dairy farm operating under the base- excess plan. Three pricing scenarios ~re examined to determine calving schedule, milk production, and shadow prices . The period May- July was most profitable, and December- January the least profitable months for calving , under the base-excess program in the Mid- Atlantic Order. The representative producer responded to the pricing policies by shifting production in response to changes in the seasonal patterns of the base and excess prices.
Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) pampeana Flint 1980
Creators: name: Rueda Martín, Paola A.
name: Sganga, Julieta V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Smicridea
Smicridea pampeana

description: Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) pampeana Flint, 1980
(Figure 5 A–E)
 Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) pampeana Flint, 1980: 137; 1982: 30; Sganga and Angrisano, 2006: 135; Sganga, 2006: 142.
 Material examined
 Argentina: Jujuy, Parque Nacional Calilegua, Río San Lorenzo, 5 November 2006: one male (IML); Ledesma, A ◦ Yuto, 23 ◦ 38 ′ 36 ′′ S, 64 ◦ 32 ′ 25 ′′ W, 4–5 April 2004, C. Nieto and V. Manzo cols.: one male (IML). Bolivia: Tarija, O´connor, Cuenca Entre Río, Río Salinas, 21 ◦ 38 ′ 42.5 ′′ S, 64 ◦ 4 ′ 8.2 ′′ W, 1160 m, 6 October 2004, C. Molineri and V. Manzo: one male (IML).
 Remarks
 Smicridea (R.) pampeana was described from Buenos Aires province, Argentina. This species was collected in northwestern Argentina and Southern Bolivia for the first time.
 Distribution
Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay.
description: Published as part of Rueda Martín, Paola A. & Sganga, Julieta V., 2011, Smicridea McLachlan (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) from northwestern Argentina and Bolivia: new species, redescription, association and new records, pp. 2215-2230 in Journal of Natural History 45 (35 - 36) on page 2226, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.590947, http://zenodo.org/record/5204287
Anomalies and Tadpoles in Open/Closed String Duality
Creators: name: Liccardo, A.
name: Marotta, R.
name: Pezzella, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role played by the divergences appearing in the interaction between a fractional D3 brane dressed with an SU(N) gauge field and a stack of N fractional D3 branes on the orbifolds C^2/Z_2 and C^3/(Z_2 x Z_2). In particular we show that the logarithmic divergences in the closed string channel, interpreted as due to twisted massless tadpoles, are mapped, under open/closed string duality, in the logarithmic ones in the open string channel, due to the massless states circulating in the annulus diagram and corresponding to the one-loop divergences that one finds in the gauge theory living in the world volume of the brane. This result provides a quantitative evidence of why the chiral and scale anomalies of the supersymmetric and non conformal gauge theories supported by the world volume of the branes can be inferred from supergravity calculations.
description: LaTeX, 8 pages. Contribution to the proceedings of the workshop of the RTN Network "The quantum structure of space-time and the geometric nature of fundamental interactions", Copenhagen, September 2003
Media and scientific literature monitoring of Xylella fastidiosa using the MEDISYS platform
Creators: name: Mannino Maria Rosaria
name: Magali, Larenaudie
name: Caterina, Campese
name: Linge Jens, P.
name: Thierry, Candresse
name: Jaques Miret Josep, A.
name: Michael, Jeger
name: Emmanuel, Gachet
name: Andrea, Maiorano
name: Irene, Muñoz Guajardo
name: Giuseppe, Stancanelli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: plant health
subject: xylella
subject: horizon scanning
subject: emerging risk
subject: risk preparedness
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C20262
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1470

description: The European Commission DG SANTE requested EFSA in December 2016 to carry out a horizon scanning exercise on emerging plant pests of interest for the European Union territory. To answer this request, EFSA extended the automated monitoring system based on the MEDISYS platform that was set up in collaboration with the JRC in the period 2014-2016.
 MEDISYS is part of the Europe Media Monitor (EMM) system, fully automatic public health surveillance platform, able to retrieve articles from the internet, categorise them, identify entities (organisations, persons and locations), extract events, cluster articles, and calculate statistics in order to detect emerging threats. Searches are automatically carried out by the system using keywords corresponding to scientific and common names of the pests and associated diseases. The results are collected in monthly newsletters.
 Articles on pests regulated in the EU, listed by EPPO and more than 500 newly discovered and emerging plant pests are searched by the platform in more than 12,000 media and scientific literature sources from around 200 countries.
 Xylella fastidiosa is the pest most covered by media. Time series of articles are reported to illustrate the media relevance of certain plant health issues related to this pest. The situations in Italy and Spain have been largely covered by media that also reported news about the outbreaks in France, Portugal and the first findings of the pest in Israel. Many additional information about vectors, subspecies and hosts have also been reported by media.
 Xylella fastidiosa is also one of the most recurrent pests subject of scientific articles on control measures, surveillance, detection methods and pest epidemiology. Some articles, providing information on new findings, new vectors and new host plants, may be of interest in the context of the regulation of this quarantine pest.
description: IT; PPT; Caterina.CAMPESE@ext.efsa.europa.eu
Constraints and evolution in cosmology
Creators: name: Choquet-Bruhat, Yvonne
name: York, James W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some old and new results about strict and non strict hyperbolic formulations of the Einstein equations.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the first Aegean summer school in General Relativity, S. Cotsakis ed. Springer Lecture Notes in Physics
Purification through Zeno-like Measurements
Creators: name: Nakazato, Hiromichi
name: Takazawa, Tomoko
name: Yuasa, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of frequent measurements on a quantum system (Zeno-like measurements) is shown to result in the ``purification'' of another quantum system in interaction with the former. Even though the measurements are performed on the former system, their effect drives the latter into a pure state, irrespectively of its initial (mixed) state, provided certain conditions are satisfied.
description: REVTeX4, 4 pages, 1 figure; to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett. (2003)
An Efficient Multi-Robot Arm Coordination Strategy for Pick-and-Place Tasks using Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Jermann, Tizian
name: Kolvenbach, Hendrik
name: Esquivel Estay, Fidel
name: Krämer, Koen
name: Hutter, Marco
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Robotics (cs.RO)
FOS: Computer and information sciences
Robtotics

description: We introduce a novel strategy for multi-robot sorting of waste objects using Reinforcement Learning. Our focus lies on finding optimal picking strategies that facilitate an effective coordination of a multi-robot system, subject to maximizing the waste removal potential. We realize this by formulating the sorting problem as an OpenAI gym environment and training a neural network with a deep reinforcement learning algorithm. The objective function is set up to optimize the picking rate of the robotic system. In simulation, we draw a performance comparison to an intuitive combinatorial game theory-based approach. We show that the trained policies outperform the latter and achieve up to 16% higher picking rates. Finally, the respective algorithms are validated on a hardware setup consisting of a two-robot sorting station able to process incoming waste objects through pick-and-place operations.
description: arXiv
An Evaluation of the Importance of Site Characteristics on Freshwater-Based Recreations in the United States
Creators: name: Ghimire, Ramesh
name: Green, Gary T.
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Poudyal, Neelam C.
name: Cordell, H. Ken
name: Ghimire, Ramesh
name: Green, Gary T.
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Poudyal, Neelam C.
name: Cordell, H. Ken
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Outdoor Recreation
subject: Rank Ordered Logit Model
subject: Site Characteristics
subject: Spectral Analysis

description: Amenities at recreation sites are important not only to maintain healthy life of recreation sites, but also to provide visitors greater inspiration to visit these sites. Hence, people place importance on site amenities, based on the activities they participated in. Using freshwater-based recreation data from a national survey and employing spectral analysis and rank ordered logit model, we found that closeness and size were the two most important qualities. Further, we found that recreationalist boaters were more likely to place importance on closeness; swimmers, recreationalist boaters, and picnickers were more likely to place importance on water-quality; and recreationalist fishermen and bird/nature viewers were more likely to place importance on wildlife, while participating in freshwater-based recreations. Freshwater recreation managers may benefit from the findings as our results offer guidance in understanding what kind of attributes to manage as well as improve to meet the needs of various types of user groups.
Participation in Agritourism and Off-farm Work: Do Small Farms Benefit?
Creators: name: Khanal, Aditya R.
name: Mishra, Ashok
name: Koirala, Krishna H.
name: Khanal, Aditya R.
name: Mishra, Ashok
name: Koirala, Krishna H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Income diversification
subject: multinomial logit
subject: selectivity
subject: agritourism
subject: off-farm work
subject: small farms

description: Small farms face significant challenges using conventional crop production methods. They seek methods of generating alternative income both on- and off the farm. The literature considers these opportunities individually; however recent evidence shows that small farms engage in both activities simultaneously. This study analyzes factors influencing such choice decisions and their impact on farm and total household incomes. Using a large nation-wide farm survey data and selectivity based multinomial choice model, we found that small farms have higher household income if they chose a combination of both strategies rather than a single strategy. Additionally, education, age of the operator, financial conditions of the farm and location of the farm are important factors deriving alternative choice decisions for income diversifications.
Pre-discovery Activity of New Interstellar Comet 2I/Borisov Beyond 5 AU
Creators: name: Ye, Quanzhi
name: Kelley, Michael S. P.
name: Bolin, Bryce T.
name: Bodewits, Dennis
name: Farnocchia, Davide
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Meech, Karen J.
name: Micheli, Marco
name: Weryk, Robert
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Christensen, Eric
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Delacroix, Alexandre
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Rusholme, Ben
name: Smith, Roger M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comet 2I/Borisov, the first unambiguous interstellar comet ever found, was discovered in August 2019 at $\sim3$ au from the Sun on its inbound leg. No pre-discovery detection beyond 3 au has yet been reported, mostly due to the comet's proximity to the Sun as seen from the Earth. Here we present a search for pre-discovery detections of comet Borisov using images taken by the Catalina Sky Survey (CSS), Pan-STARRS and Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), with a further comprehensive follow-up campaign being presented in \citet{Bolin2019}. We identified comet Borisov in ZTF images taken in May 2019 and use these data to update its orbit. This allowed us to identify the comet in images acquired as far back as December 2018, when it was 7.8 au from the Sun. The comet was not detected in November 2018 when it was 8.6 au from the Sun, possibly implying an onset of activity around this time. This suggests that the activity of the comet is either driven by a more volatile species other than H$_2$O, such as CO or CO$_2$, or by exothermic crystallization of amorphous ice. We derive the radius of the nucleus to be $<7$ km using the non-detection in November 2018, and estimate an area of $\sim0.5$---$10 \mathrm{km^2}$ has been active between December 2018 and September 2019, though this number is model-dependent and is highly uncertain. The behavior of comet Borisov during its inbound leg is observationally consistent with dynamically new comets observed in our solar system, suggesting some similarities between the two.
description: AJ in press
Building a planning tool for the E-Bike City
Creators: name: Scheiring, Elina
name: Bauckhage, Mischa
name: Grisiute, Ayda
name: Wiedemann, Nina
name: Raubal, Martin
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Urban areas are increasingly prioritizing bike lanes as many cities reconsider the dominant role of cars and aim to repurpose existing road space for bike lanes [1]. While many initiatives progress incrementally, the E-bike City offers a more integrated vision that includes radical reconstruction of urban areas and considers the impact of large-scale bike networks on car transportation [2]. However, user-friendly solutions to interact and compare more complex optimization approaches for bike network planning are scarce and primarily remain in scholarly work. There is a clear need for accessible, user-friendly tools that enable planners to evaluate both iterative and global strategies to support the vision of a bike-friendly city better. 

Our objective is to develop an interactive web application that enables users to reallocate road space to bike lanes with multiple optimization strategies and evaluate their effects using metrics that reflect bike and car network efficiency and user perception [3]. The project will begin with creating a user interface that can visualize bike network configurations resulting from optimization implementation running on the backend, based on user-defined parameters: area of interest and the desired number of bike lanes. In addition, we design a dashboard for evaluating outcomes using Pareto optimality between bike and car travel times, among other metrics, and allow for pairwise comparison of different scenarios.

The developed web application allows flexible testing of road space reallocation from specific areas to entire city networks. It showcases network scenarios derived from both iterative and global optimization methods. Initially tested in Zurich, the tool uses Open Street Map (OSM) data, making it adaptable to different locations. The application also collects user feedback to refine its features and usability. This user-friendly web interface simplifies interaction with complex mathematical models for bike network optimization, improving the anticipation of impacts on other transportation modes.
Dynamic Adjustment of Demand for Distiller's Grain: Implications for Feed and Livestock Markets
Creators: name: Suh, Dong Hee
name: Moss, Charles B.
name: Suh, Dong Hee
name: Moss, Charles B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Production Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper evaluates the dynamic adjustment of the demand for distiller's dried grain with solubles (DDGS) to a growth in the mandated volume of ethanol. The estimation results of the dynamic linear logit model suggest the sluggish adjustment of the demand for feed grains. In addition, the estimates of the own-price elasticities indicate that corn demand is inelastic in the short and long run, which suggests that livestock producers can face high feed cost in response to high corn prices. At the same time, the estimated cross-price elasticities reveal the potential value of DDGS as a substitute for corn. Finally, the simulation results show that the ethanol mandate can significantly reduce corn demand but raise DDGS demand, suggesting that the demand for DDGS will continue to increase in proportion to a growth in the blending requirements of ethanol.
Time-delayed Spatial Patterns in a Two-dimensional Array of Coupled Oscillators
Creators: name: Jeong, Seong-Ok
name: Ko, Tae-Wook
name: Moon, Hie-Tae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the effect of time delays on phase configurations in a set of two-dimensional coupled phase oscillators. Each oscillator is allowed to interact with its neighbors located within a finite radius, which serves as a control parameter in this study. It is found that distance-dependent time-delays induce various patterns including traveling rolls, square-like and rhombus-like patterns, spirals, and targets. We analyzed the stability boundaries of the emerging patterns and briefly pointed out the possible empirical implications of such time-delayed patterns.
description: 5 Figures
NANOTCAD2D: Two-dimensional code for the simulation of nanoelectronic devices and structures
Creators: name: Curatola, G.
name: Iannaccone, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present NANOTCAD2D, a code for the simulation of the electrical properties of semiconductor-based nanoelectronic devices and structures in two-dimensional domains. Such code is based on the solution of the Poisson/Schrödinger equation with density functional theory and of the continuity equation of the ballistic current. NANOTCAD2D can be applied to structures fabricated on III-IV, strained-silicon and silicon-germanium heterostructures, CMOS structures, and can easily be extended to new materials. In particular, in the case of SiGe heterostructures, it computes the effects of strain on the energy band profiles. The effects of interface states at the air/semiconductor interfaces, particularly significant in the case of devices obtained by selective etching, are also properly taken into account.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
New 3D and 2D Octacarbon C8 and isoelectronic B4N4 having peculiar mechanic and magnetic properties. First-principles identifications
Creators: name: Matar, Samir F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cohesive energies, energy-volume equations of states EOS, electron localization ELF maps, elastic constants, and band structures are reported for original octacarbon C8 three dimensional 3D and two-dimensional 2D chemical systems based on density functional theory calculations. Specifically, tetragonal C8 is identified cohesive with hardness close to experimentally identified cubic Ia-3 C8; both exhibiting comparable hardness to diamond. Also, isoelectronic and isostructural B4N4 is calculated with a slightly lower hardness due to the ionocovalent B-N bonding and a bandgap with the same magnitude as Diamond. 2D-C8 on the other side is proposed with interpenetrating two carbon hexagonal substructures, identified from energy calculations as stable in a ferromagnetic ground state. Critical pressure for the collapse of magnetization PC=12 GPa let assign a soft ferromagnetic behavior alike Invar alloys. Electronic band structures analyses identify specific bands differentiating magnetic carbon substructure (C1) from nonmagnetic semi-conducting honeycomb-like C26 layers. These observations let propose spin chemistry perspectives once such multilayered carbon 2D compounds are grown as stand-alone or on selected substrates as thin or thick films
description: 23 pages, 2 Tables, 4 Figs, 27 refs
Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) atrobasis : Flint 1983
Creators: name: Rueda Martín, Paola A.
name: Sganga, Julieta V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Smicridea
Smicridea atrobasis

description: Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) atrobasis Flint, 1983
(Figure 4F–J)
 Smicridea (Rhyacophylax) atrobasis: Flint, 1983: 63; Flint, Holzenthal and Harris, 1999: 72; Sganga and Angrisano, 2006: 132.
 Material examined
 Argentina: Salta, Río Juramento (Entre Ruta 9 y Dique Cabra Corral), 29 February 2000: one male (IML); Jujuy: Río Zora, 410 m above sea level, 4 June 2000, one male (IML). Río Piedras, 580 m, 23 ◦ 30 ′ 97 ′′ S, 64 ◦ 33 ′ 04 ′′ W, 1 June 2000, C. Molineri, V. Manzo, F. Romero and C. Nieto cols.: one male (IML); Tucumán, Lules, Potrero de la Tablas, Río Los Membrillos, 26 January 2005: one male (IML); Burruyacú, Sunchal, A ◦ Artaza, 27 October 1999: one male (IML); Alberdi, Dique Escava, Río Cavaría, 12 October 1999: one male (IML). Bolivia: Tarija, Río Salinas, 6 March 2006, E. Domínguez and C. Nieto cols.: two males (IML); Río Saican, 5 October 2004, C. Molineri and V. Manzo cols.: one male (IML).
 Type material
 Holotype male. Argentina: Entre Ríos, Salto Grande, Uruguay River, 19 November, O. S. Flint, Jr. col. (NMNH).
 Remarks
This species was recorded from Eastern Argentina, Uruguay and Southern Brazil. In this paper it is recorded for the first time from northwestern Argentina and from Bolivia, being the first country record for the species (Figures 4F–J).
 Distribution
Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Uruguay.
description: Published as part of Rueda Martín, Paola A. & Sganga, Julieta V., 2011, Smicridea McLachlan (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) from northwestern Argentina and Bolivia: new species, redescription, association and new records, pp. 2215-2230 in Journal of Natural History 45 (35 - 36) on page 2225, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.590947, http://zenodo.org/record/5204287
GenAI’ze your classroom: A guide with practical examples to help lecturers enrich their courses with generative AI
Creators: name: Sudau, Manuel
name: Paschke, Melanie
name: Mihálka, Réka
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: With the release of ChatGPT-3 in fall 2022 (OpenAI, 2022), technological developments in the field of artificial intelligence have posed a major challenge for the higher education landscape. Generative AI (GenAI) and the new AI-based tools such as Microsoft Copilot, GitHub Copilot, ChatGPT, Google Gemini, Wolfram Alpha and many more are here to stay. Their emergence and widespread availability are creating benefits and obstacles to teaching activities. As a lecturer you have probably asked yourself: Do I have to do something about GenAI in my course? If you must or want to do something, what can you do? 
During our work in the Department of Environmental Systems Science (D-USYS) and the Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center (PSC), it quickly became clear that one of the most important needs of our lecturers was to integrate the training and use of AI-based tools into the subject-specific context of existing courses. The necessary considerations included, for example, the adaptation of course descriptions in the course catalog, the definition of the use of AI in learning, performance and examination tasks, as well as the redesign of teaching materials, exercise descriptions and performance records. 
In this best practice collection, we address this uncertainty and have summarized our recommendations and some of our best practice examples. Lecturers are welcome to adapt them to their teaching context! The examples and the course materials were developed for classes at the Bachelor’s and Master’s level at D-USYS of ETH Zürich. The main focus was on testing and implementing GenAI for information management and scientific writing in the classes in a meaningful way.
РОЛЬ АУДИОМАТЕРИАЛОВ В ИЗУЧЕНИИ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Creators: name: Комилова, З.Х.
name: Муроджонова, Шахноза
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В данной статье рассматривается роль аудиоматериалов в процессе изучения русского языка. Обсуждаются преимущества использования аудиоформатов, их влияние на развитие аудирования, разговорных навыков и произношения. Также приводятся практические советы по эффективному использованию аудиоматериалов, анализируются современные технологии и методы обучения с помощью аудио. Отдельное внимание уделяется роли аутентичных аудиоматериалов и их влиянию на погружение в языковую среду.
Efficient sharing of a continuous-variable quantum secret
Creators: name: Tyc, Tomas
name: Rowe, David J.
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an efficient scheme for sharing a continuous variable quantum secret using passive optical interferometry and squeezers: this efficiency is achieved by showing that a maximum of two squeezers is required to replicate the secret state, and we obtain the cheapest configuration in terms of total squeezing cost. Squeezing is a cost for the dealer of the secret as well as for the receivers, and we quantify limitations to the fidelity of the replicated secret state in terms of the squeezing employed by the dealer.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Economic Returns and Risk Analysis of Forage Wrapping Technologies
Creators: name: Pruitt, J. Ross
name: Lacy, R. Curt
name: Hancock, Dennis W
name: Pruitt, J. Ross
name: Lacy, R. Curt
name: Hancock, Dennis W
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: baleage
subject: economics
subject: simulation
subject: Bermuda grass
subject: winter annuals
subject: beef cow-calf

description: Use of bale wrapping technology allows beef cow-calf producers to lower their forage costs while improving the nutritional content of stored forages. Using stochastic simulation, we evaluate the cost savings a cow-calf operation may experience by adopting this technology. This technology can lower per head feed costs for larger herds.
Additional file 1 of Relapse after conservative surgery combined with triptorelin acetate versus conservative surgery only in women with focal adenomyosis: study protocol for a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Wang, Wenwen
name: Ma, Xiangyi
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Li, Zhiying
name: Wang, Yan
name: Yu, Zhiying
name: Zhang, Chunlian
name: Hong, Li
name: Luo, Ruoyu
name: Xing, Hui
name: Wang, Wuliang
name: Yue, Qingfen
name: Wei, Jia
name: Zhang, Minli
name: Wang, Shixuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist.
Introducing Fairness in Lane-Free Traffic: The Application of Karma Games to Enforce Fair Collaboration of CAVs
Creators: name: Chavoshi, Kimia
name: Ferrara, Antonella
name: Kouvelas, Anastasios
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Connected and automated vehicles
Interaction-driven traffic
Karma games
Lane-free traffic

description: The present paper proposes a collaborative control strategy for CAV movement in a lane-free environment, where CAVs have different priority values. The priority values are designed to introduce fairness, relying on the interaction history of every CAV. These priority values are the output of the Stationary Nash Equilibrium (SNE) of a modified Karma game. The modification is proposed to tackle a proportional resource allocation problem. The outcome of the modified Karma game is then used to determine the priority of CAVs in their interactions with the other vehicles in their neighborhood, which may constitute potential threats, so-called Threatening Vehicle Cluster (TVC). An MPC is designed at an upper level to enforce an overall fair collaboration among CAVs so as to avoid collisions. Finally, a simulation case study analyzes the proposed control approach regarding performance, efficiency, and fairness.
description: TechRxiv
Poincare ball embeddings of the optical geometry
Creators: name: Abramowicz, M.
name: Bengtsson, I.
name: Karas, V.
name: Rosquist, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that optical geometry of the Reissner-Nordstrom exterior metric can be embedded in a hyperbolic space all the way down to its outer horizon. The adopted embedding procedure removes a breakdown of flat-space embeddings which occurs outside the horizon, at and below the Buchdahl-Bondi limit (R/M=9/4 in the Schwarzschild case). In particular, the horizon can be captured in the optical geometry embedding diagram. Moreover, by using the compact Poincare ball representation of the hyperbolic space, the embedding diagram can cover the whole extent of radius from spatial infinity down to the horizon. Attention is drawn to advantages of such embeddings in an appropriately curved space: this approach gives compact embeddings and it distinguishes clearly the case of an extremal black hole from a non-extremal one in terms of topology of the embedded horizon.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures; CQG accepted
On the Relationship between Dust Devil Radii and Heights
Creators: name: Jackson, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of dust devils on the martian atmosphere depends on their capacity to loft dust, which depends on their wind profiles and footprint on the martian surface, i.e., on their radii, $R$. Previous work suggests the wind profile depends on a devil's thermodynamic efficiency, which scales with its height, $h$. However, the precise mechanisms that set a dust devil's radius have remained unclear. Combining previous work with simple assumptions about angular momentum conservation in dust devils predicts that $R \propto h^{1/2}$, and a model fit to observed radii and heights from a survey of martian dust devils using the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera agrees reasonably well with this prediction. Other observational tests involving additional, statistically robust dust devil surveys and field measurements may further elucidate these relationships.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Icarus
An Empirical Analysis of Demand for U.S. Soybeans in the Philippines
Creators: name: Cain, Jewelwayne S.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Kojima, Yasutomo
name: Cain, Jewelwayne S.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Kojima, Yasutomo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Import demand
subject: market share analysis
subject: prices
subject: quality
subject: soybeans

description: To determine if the downward trend in U.S. market share of Philippine soybean imports is due either to inherent quality differences between soybeans from three competing exporting countries or to relative price changes, we analyze import quantity shares and relative prices of soybeans from Canada, China, and the U.S. to the Philippines. Results show that the Philippine soybeans import market exhibit low elasticity of import substitution, which implies greater rigidity in preferences. This reflects a market that is relatively more quality conscious. Market share trends, preference parameters, and price elasticities indicate strong preference by the Philippine market for U.S. soybeans relative to those from Canada and China. The downward trend in US market share can be explained by quality preferences rather than price factors.
Archaeocenosphaera Obut & Iwata 2000
Creators: name: Noble, Paula
name: Aitchison, Jonathan C.
name: Danelian, Taniel
name: Dumitrica, Paulian
name: Maletz, Jörg
name: Suzuki, Noritoshi
name: Cuvelier, Jessie
name: Caridroit, Martial
name: O'Dogherty, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Radiozoa
Polycystina
Spumellaria
Xiphostylidae
Archaeocenosphaera

description: Archaeocenosphaera Obut & Iwata, 2000
 Archaeocenosphaera Obut & Iwata, 2000: 33.
 TYPE SPECIES. — Archaeocenosphaera muricata Obut & Iwata, 2000 (Obut & Iwata 2000: 34, pl. 1, figs 1-3, 6-7).
AGE AND LOCATION OF TYPE MATERIAL. — Lower Cambrian, Gorny Altai, Southern West Siberia.
TAXON CODE. — 050.
 STATUS. — Junior synonym of Altaiesphaera Obut & Iwata, 2000 (herein).
DIAGNOSIS. — “Spheroidal oval radiolarians with one porous cortical shell, 80-100 µm diameter. Internal suture or spicules remain uncertain.” (Obut & Iwata 2000: 33).
REMARKS
 In addition to being a junior synonym of Altaiesphaera, it is also a homonym of a Mesozoic radiolarian genus (type species Archaeocenosphaera ruesti Pessagno & Yang in Pessagno, Six & Yang, 1989).
description: Published as part of Noble, Paula, Aitchison, Jonathan C., Danelian, Taniel, Dumitrica, Paulian, Maletz, Jörg, Suzuki, Noritoshi, Cuvelier, Jessie, Caridroit, Martial & O'Dogherty, Luis, 2017, Taxonomy of Paleozoic radiolarian genera, pp. 419-502 in Geodiversitas 39 (3) on page 433, DOI: 10.5252/g2017n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/5206585
Estimation of U.S. Demand for Imported Shrimp by Country: A Two-stage Differential Production Approach
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaojin
name: Reed, Michael
name: Wang, Xiaojin
name: Reed, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: shrimp
subject: import demand
subject: elasticities
subject: differential production approach
subject: countervailing duties

description: The demand for imported shrimp in the United States by country of origin is estimated by using the two-stage differential production method. Conditional and unconditional own/cross price elasticities are derived. We further project how countervailing duties imposition by U.S. affect source-specific shrimp imports. The results from aggregate level data show that overall the ownprice elasticities indicate that U.S. demand for imported shrimp is inelastic. U.S. total shrimp imports would experience an increase despite the countervailing duties, which may not be effective.
Integrated Internal Boundary Control and Ramp Metering in Lane-Free Highway Systems: A Combined Feedback Linearization and MPC Approach
Creators: name: Chavoshi, Kimia
name: Malekzadeh, Milad
name: Papageorgiou, Markos
name: Ferrara, Antonella
name: Kouvelas, Anastasios
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Feedback linearization
Model predictive control
Internal boundary control
Ramp metering

description: The concept of Internal Boundary Control (IBC) has been recently incorporated into Lane-free vehicle movement with the aim of maximizing the utilization of crossroad infrastructure in both directions. Although IBC is generally successful in alleviating congestion, there are scenarios where it may not be able to fully dissolve it. Employing Ramp Metering (RM) can be an effective strategy for managing the flow of traffic from the onramp to the mainstream in this situation. This paper proposes an online scheme optimization approach for integrated IBC and RM in lane-free traffic. For controller design, a dynamic traffic flow model based on a first-order macroscopic model with the driver's anticipation term is considered. The nonlinear and multivariable characteristics of this macroscopic highway model make it unlikely to be practical to create an online optimization mechanism for it, primarily due to the expected high computational expenses. So, a feedback linearization approach is employed to tackle the complexities of the macroscopic model. Following that, a linear Model Predictive Control (MPC) is designed based on the feedback linearized model to obtain an efficient and real-time solution. The suggested approach undergoes examination through a series of simulation tests to evaluate its performance. The simulation results verify the efficacy of the proposed approach in enabling real-time and efficient traffic management in future lane-free highway systems.
description: TechRxiv
Rational sphere maps, linear programming, and compressed sensing
Creators: name: D'Angelo, John P.
name: Grundmeier, Dusty
name: Lebl, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a link between degree estimates for rational sphere maps and compressed sensing. We provide several new ideas and many examples, both old and new, that amplify connections with linear programming. We close with a list of ten open problems.
description: 22 pages. To appear in a special issue of Complex Analysis and its Synergies entitled "Geometric Analysis of PDEs and Several Complex Variables". The changes from the first version are minimal, consisting primarily of two new sentences at the end of the introduction and a bit more discussion of Problem 4. We also corrected two typos, made two small changes for clarity, and added a reference