cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Path decomposition of ruinous behavior for a general Lévy insurance risk process
Creators: name: Griffin, Philip S.
name: Maller, Ross A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We analyze the general Lévy insurance risk process for Lévy measures in the convolution equivalence class $\mathcal{S}^{(α)}$, $α>0$, via a new kind of path decomposition. This yields a very general functional limit theorem as the initial reserve level $u\to \infty$, and a host of new results for functionals of interest in insurance risk. Particular emphasis is placed on the time to ruin, which is shown to have a proper limiting distribution, as $u\to \infty$, conditional on ruin occurring under our assumptions. Existing asymptotic results under the $\mathcal{S}^{(α)}$ assumption are synthesized and extended, and proofs are much simplified, by comparison with previous methods specific to the convolution equivalence analyses. Additionally, limiting expressions for penalty functions of the type introduced into actuarial mathematics by Gerber and Shiu are derived as straightforward applications of our main results.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AAP797 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Expression and Functional Significance of the Ca2+-Activated Cl- Channel ANO6 in Dendritic Cells
Creators: name: Szteyn, K.
name: Schmid, Evi
name: Nurbaeva, M.K.
name: Wang, Wenting
name: Münzer, P.
name: Kunzelmann, Karl
name: Lang, Florian
name: Shumilina, E.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ano6, ORCC, TMEM16F, Migration, CCR7
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Background/Aims: Migration of dendritic cells (DCs), antigen presenting cells that link innate and adaptive immunity, is critical for initiation of immune responses. DC migration is controlled by the activity of different ion channels, which mediate Ca2+ flux or set the membrane potential. Moreover, cell migration requires local volume changes at the leading and rear end of travelling cells, which might be mediated by the fluxes of osmotically active solutes, including Cl-. The present study explored the functional expression, regulation and role of Cl- channels in mouse bone marrow-derived DCs. Methods/Results: In whole-cell patch clamp experiments we detected outwardly rectifying Cl- currents which were activated by elevation of cytosolic Ca2+, triggered either by ionomycin in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ or mobilization of Ca2+ by IP3 Most importantly, Ca2+-activated Cl- channels (CaCCs) were activated by CCL21 (75 ng/ml), an agonist of the chemokine receptor CCR7. The currents showed sensitivity to Cl- channel blockers such as tannic acid (10 µM), digallic acid (100 µM) and more specific CaCC blockers niflumic acid (300 µM) and AO1 (20 µM). According to RT-PCR and Western blot data, Anoctamin 6 (ANO6) is expressed in DCs. Knock-down of ANO6 with siRNA led to inhibition of CaCC currents in DCs. Moreover, chemokine-induced migration of both immature and LPS-matured DCs was reduced upon ANO6 knock-down. Conclusion: Our data identify ANO6 as a Ca2+-activated Cl- channel in mouse DCs, show its activation upon chemokine receptor ligation and establish an important role of ANO6 in chemokine-induced DC migration.
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Downregulation of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System in Normal Colonic Macrophages and Reinduction in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Creators: name: Hetzenegger, A. M.
name: Seidl, M. C.
name: Kosovac, K.
name: Herfarth, H.
name: Kellermeier, S.
name: Obermeier, Florian
name: Falk, Werner
name: Schölmerich, Jürgen
name: Rogler, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Intestinal macrophages, Proteasome, Immunoproteasome, Ubiquitin, Tolerance
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: In normal mucosa, intestinal lamina propria macrophages (IMACs) maintain tolerance against food antigens and the commensal bacterial flora. Several mechanisms have been identified that mediate tolerance. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a large multiprotein complex that degrades cellular proteins. As the UPS may modulate immune functions of IMACs, we performed a detailed investigation of UPS expression and function under normal conditions and in cells derived from patients suffering from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: IMACs were isolated from intestinal mucosa. mRNA expression of macrophages differentiated in vitro (i.v. MACs) and IMACs was compared by Affymetrix® oligonucleotide arrays. Quantitative Taqman-PCR was performed on five exemplary proteasomal and five ubiquitinylation genes each. Proteins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Proteasome function was assessed by a fluorimetric test. Results: Affymetrix analysis showed downregulation of mRNA expression of almost all represented proteasomal and of 22 ubiquitination-associated genes in IMACs as compared to i.v. MACs and monocytes. By quantitative PCR, up to tenfold higher mRNA expression of 10 exemplary genes of the UPS (UBE2A, UBE2D2, UBE2L6, USP14, UBB and ATPase2, β2, β5, β2i/MECL-1, β5i/LMP7) was demonstrated in i.v. MACs as compared to IMACs. Immunohistochemistry and Western blots confirmed these findings in intestinal mucosa of controls and patients suffering from diverticulitis. In contrast, a significant increase in protein amounts was found in mucosa of patients with IBD. Conclusion: Reduced expression of subunits of the UPS in IMACs of normal mucosa supports the concept of the presence of a nonreactive, anergic macrophage phenotype in the gut under normal conditions. Reinduction in IMACs of IBD mucosa reflects activated IMACs which can present antigenic peptides and thus support inflammation.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Pseudo-distances on symplectomorphism groups and applications to flux theory
Creators: name: Buss, Guy
name: Leclercq, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D05 (Primary) 53D35 (Secondary)

description: Starting from a given norm on the vector space of exact 1-forms of a compact symplectic manifold, we produce pseudo-distances on its symplectomorphism group by generalizing an idea due to Banyaga. We prove that in some cases (which include Banyaga's construction), their restriction to the Hamiltonian diffeomorphism group is equivalent to the distance induced by the initial norm on exact 1-forms. We also define genuine "distances to the Hamiltonian diffeomorphism group" which we use to derive several consequences, mainly in terms of flux groups.
description: 21 pages, no figure; v2. various typos corrected, some references added. Published in Mathematische Zeitschrift
Radiological Imaging of the Small Bowel
Creators: name: Schreyer, Andreas G.
name: Stroszczynski, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Small bowel, Magnetic resonance imaging, Computed tomography, Small bowel diagnosis
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Recently introduced endoscopy-based imaging methods such as double-balloon endoscopy or wireless capsule endoscopy can visualize the complete small bowel. These approaches are quite invasive diagnostic methods. Therefore, radiological small bowel imaging is also still considered as the primary imaging approach to diagnose pathological changes of the small bowel. In this review article the most important small bowel imaging modalities such as conventional fluoroscopy, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound are discussed. Additionally the most important diseases, which can affect the small bowel, are evaluated and the optimal imaging modalities are pointed out, respectively.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Lie symmetries of nonlinear boundary value problems
Creators: name: Cherniha, Roman
name: Kovalenko, Sergii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 22E70, 35K61, 80A22

description: Nonlinear boundary value problems (BVPs) by means of the classical Lie symmetry method are studied. A new definition of Lie invariance for BVPs is proposed by the generalization of existing those on much wider class of BVPs. A class of two-dimensional nonlinear boundary value problems, modeling the process of melting and evaporation of metals, is studied in details. Using the definition proposed, all possible Lie symmetries and the relevant reductions (with physical meaning) to BVPs for ordinary differential equations are constructed. An example how to construct exact solution of the problem with correctly-specified coefficients is presented and compared with the results of numerical simulations published earlier.
description: Published version
Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Experimental Kidney Transplantation: Early Mediator of Endogenous Danger Signals
Creators: name: Bergler, Tobias
name: Hoffmann, Ute
name: Bergler, Elisabeth
name: Jung, Bettina
name: Banas, Miriam C.
name: Reinhold, Stephan W.
name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
name: Banas, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Innate immunity, Chemokines, Macrophages, Fibrinogen, Allogeneic kidney transplantation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) has been described in the pathogenesis of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury, but data on the expression and function of TLR4 during renal allograft damage are still scarce. We analyzed the expression of TLR4 in an experimental rat model 6 and 28 days after allogeneic kidney transplantation in comparison to control rats and rats after syngeneic transplantation. On day 6, a significant induction in TLR4 expression – restricted to the glomerular compartment – was found in acute rejecting allografts only. TLR4 expression strongly correlated with renal function, and TLR4 induction was accompanied by a significant increase in CC chemokine expression within the graft as well as in urinary CC chemokine excretion. TLR4 induction may be caused by an influx of macrophages as well as TLR4-expressing intrinsic renal cells. Fibrinogen deposition in renal allografts correlated with renal TLR4 expression and may act as a potent stimulator of chemokine release via TLR4 activation. This study provides, for the first time, data about the precise intrarenal localization and TLR4 induction after experimental kidney transplantation. It supports the hypothesis that local TLR4 activation by endogenous ligands may be one pathological link from unspecific primary allograft damage to subsequent chemokine release, infiltration and activation of immune cells leading to deterioration of renal function and induction of renal fibrosis.
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Surgical Approach Including Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) in Patients with Peritoneal Metastasis
Creators: name: Glockzin, Gabriel
name: Piso, Pompiliu
name: Schlitt, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Zytoreduktive Chirurgie, HIPEC, Peritonealkarzinose
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Peritoneal metastasis arising from colorectal cancer, appendiceal cancer, gastric cancer and gynecologic malignancies, or primary peritoneal surface malignancies such as peritoneal mesothelioma and primary peritoneal adenocarcinoma may be efficiently treated by cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in selected patients. Method: CRS is based on the technique of parietal and visceral peritonectomy and consists of multiple surgical procedures. HIPEC combines high local doses of cytostatics with the additional cytotoxic effects of hyperthermia. Results: The goal of CRS is to achieve a complete macroscopic cytoreduction (CC-0/1) as a precondition for consecutive HIPEC that should destroy residual tumor cells within the abdominal cavity. Conclusion: CRS and HIPEC can be performed with acceptable morbidity and low mortality in specialized centers. However, due to long learning curves, consistent surgical training is strongly recommended.
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Cell Projections and Extracellular Matrix Cross the Interstitial Interface within the Renal Stem/Progenitor Cell Niche: Accidental, Structural or Functional Cues?
Creators: name: Minuth, Will W.
name: Denk, Lucia
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Kidney, Stem/progenitor cell niche, Interstitium, Cell-cell contacts, Tunneling nanotubes
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Background: During nephron induction, morphogenetic molecules are reciprocally exchanged between epithelial and mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells within the renal stem/progenitor cell niche. That these molecules remain concentrated, it is assumed that both cell populations stand in close contact to each other. However, recently published data illustrate that epithelial and mesenchymal cells are separated by an astonishingly wide interstitial interface. Methods: To gain deeper morphological insights into the spatial distribution of mesenchymal and epithelial stem/progenitor cells, the embryonic zone of neonatal rabbit kidney was fixed either with glutaraldehyde (GA) or in a combination with cupromeronic blue, ruthenium red or tannic acid. Transmission electron microscopy was then performed on exactly orientated sections. Results: Conventional fixation with GA illustrates that epithelial and mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells are separated by a bright but inconspicuously looking interstitial interface. In contrast, fixation of specimens in GA containing cupromeronic blue, ruthenium red or tannic acid elucidates that part of the interstitial interface exhibits a special extracellular matrix extending like woven strands between mesenchymal and epithelial stem/progenitor cells. In parallel, filigree projections from mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells cross the interstitial interface to penetrate the basal lamina of epithelial cells. Fusion of the plasma membranes cannot be observed. Instead, touching mesenchymal cell projections form a cone at the contact site with tunneling nanotubes. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the contact between mesenchymal and epithelial stem/progenitor cells does not form accidentally but physiologically and appears to belong to a suspected system involved in the exchange of morphogenetic information.
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Inherent Grading Characteristics of Individual Pathologists Contribute to Clinically and Prognostically Relevant Interobserver Discordance Concerning Broders' Grading of Penile Squamous Cell Carcinomas
Creators: name: Gunia, Sven
name: Burger, Maximilian
name: Hakenberg, O. W.
name: May, D.
name: Koch, S.
name: Jain, A.
name: Birnkammer, K.
name: Wieland, W. F.
name: Otto, Wolfgang
name: Hofstädter, Ferdinand
name: Fritsche, H.-M.
name: Denzinger, S.
name: Gilfrich, C.
name: Brookman-May, S.
name: May, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Penile squamous cell carcinoma, Broders’ grading system, Interobserver reproducibility, Prognostic evaluation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Introduction: The aim of our study was to evaluate the significance of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) to detect prostate cancer (PCa). A comparison was performed of the TURP specimens of patients undergoing high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) with the core biopsies. Materials and Methods: TURP before undergoing HIFU therapy was performed in 106 patients without neoadjuvant treatment. The resected tissue was subjected to histopathological evaluation and compared to the histological results of transrectal prostate biopsy. Results: Cancer was detected in the resected tissue of 69 patients (65%). A positive correlation of the amount of resected tissue and detection of PCa could be demonstrated in a multivariate analysis. Conclusions: With a rate of 65% PCa detected by TURP, our data provide evidence that TURP might be suitable to detect PCa in a small group of selected patients with continuously rising PSA levels and several negative biopsies. On the other hand, these data underline/reinforce the necessity to treat the whole gland using modern treatment modalities such as HIFU and cryotherapy.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
The effects of a reading fluency and multisyllabic decoding strategy on reading skills
Creators: name: Saqui, Sonja
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: As students enter the upper-elementary grades, the instructional focus shifts from learning to read to reading to learn (Chall, 1983). Much of the meaning in upper-elementary science texts is carried by previously unseen multisyllabic words. Students are expected to demonstrate proficient reading and decoding skills so they are able to access the curriculum and extract meaning from print. However, this is problematic for a cohort of students who demonstrate proficiency with the alphabetic principle, but lack flexible strategies and processes to employ when encountering a multisyllabic word. A delayed multiple baseline design was employed to determine if a multicomponent intervention combining three flexibly applied ‘think aloud’ multisyllabic word-decoding strategies with evidence-based fluency strategies was effective in improving the expository text reading skills of upper-elementary struggling readers. Gains in generalized reading fluency were observed on both expository and standardized reading passages. Minimal gains of multisyllabic word reading accuracy were observed on researcher-created word-lists and on within-passage measures. Gains in broad reading skills were not consistently observed. Students viewed the intervention favourably and perceived gains in their reading skills. Implications and future directions for research are discussed.
Resektion und Lebertransplantation bei hepatozellulärem Karzinom (Resection and Liver Transplantation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma)
Creators: name: Farkas, Stefan
name: Schlitt, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Hepatozelluläres Karzinom, Leber, Leberresektion, Zirrhose, Lebertransplantation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Hintergrund: Kurative Therapieverfahren für das hepatozelluläre Karzinom (HCC) sind die Resektion und die Lebertransplantation. Grundlage für die Therapieentscheidung ist bisher die Klassifikation der Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Group (BCLC). Methode: Basis dieser Arbeit ist eine selektive Literaturübersicht zur Therapie des HCC. Leitlinien verschiedener Fachgesellschaften wurden einbezogen und aktuelle Arbeiten zu neuen chirurgischen Techniken besonders berücksichtigt. Ergebnisse: Primär resektable HCCs sollen reseziert werden. Für die Resektion kommen alle Patienten in adäquatem Allgemeinzustand ohne Zirrhose oder mit Child-A-Zirrhose ohne ausgeprägte portale Hypertension in Betracht. Hierbei ist von entscheidender Bedeutung, dass über die Möglichkeit der Resektabilität in einem ausgewiesenen Leberzentrum befunden wird. Auf die Leber beschränkte Rezidive können erneut operiert oder für eine Lebertransplantation gelistet werden. Techniken zur erweiterten Leberresektion und laparoskopische Verfahren finden zunehmend Anwendung und müssen weiter evaluiert werden. Schlussfolgerung: Neben der Resektion ist die Lebertransplantation inzwischen eine Standardtherapie für HCCs in Zirrhose. Innerhalb der Mailand-Kriterien können nach der Transplantation 5-Jahres-Überlebensraten von 70-90% erreicht werden. Allerdings erfordern der zunehmende Organmangel und die daraus resultierenden längeren Wartezeiten mit der Gefahr des Tumorprogresses ein Umdenken. So können Patienten, die für eine Transplantation infragekommen, nicht nur zum Bridging bis zur Transplantation reseziert werden, sondern auch, um eine biologische Stratifizierung durchzuführen. Unter engmaschigem Monitoring kann dann erst bei Auftreten eines Rezidivs eine «Rescue»-Transplantation durchgeführt werden. Jedoch werden auch Patienten mit fortgeschritteneren Tumoren, die nicht oder erst zu spät transplantiert werden können, zunehmend mit guten Ergebnissen reseziert. Somit könnten die Kriterien für eine Resektion im Rahmen der BCLC-Klassifikation erweitert werden.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Scaling limits of additive functionals of interacting particle systems
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Patricia
name: Jara, Milton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60k35, 60G60, 60F17, 35R60

description: Using the renormalization method introduced in \cite{GJ}, we prove what we call the {\em local} Boltzmann-Gibbs principle for conservative, stationary interacting particle systems in dimension $d=1$. As applications of this result, we obtain various scaling limits of additive functionals of particle systems, like the occupation time of a given site or extensive additive fields of the dynamics. As a by-product of these results, we also construct a novel process, related to the stationary solution of the stochastic Burgers equation.
description: 24 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in "Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics"
Abstract Wave Equations and Associated Dirac-Type Operators
Creators: name: Gesztesy, Fritz
name: Goldstein, Jerome A.
name: Holden, Helge
name: Teschl, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 35J25, 35L05, 35L15, Secondary 35J40, 35P05, 47A05, 47A10, 47F05

description: We discuss the unitary equivalence of generators $G_{A,R}$ associated with abstract damped wave equations of the type $\ddot{u} + R \dot{u} + A^*A u = 0$ in some Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}_1$ and certain non-self-adjoint Dirac-type operators $Q_{A,R}$ (away from the nullspace of the latter) in $\mathcal{H}_1 \oplus \mathcal{H}_2$. The operator $Q_{A,R}$ represents a non-self-adjoint perturbation of a supersymmetric self-adjoint Dirac-type operator. Special emphasis is devoted to the case where 0 belongs to the continuous spectrum of $A^*A$. In addition to the unitary equivalence results concerning $G_{A,R}$ and $Q_{A,R}$, we provide a detailed study of the domain of the generator $G_{A,R}$, consider spectral properties of the underlying quadratic operator pencil $M(z) = |A|^2 - iz R - z^2 I_{\mathcal{H}_1}$, $z\in\mathbb{C}$, derive a family of conserved quantities for abstract wave equations in the absence of damping, and prove equipartition of energy for supersymmetric self-adjoint Dirac-type operators. The special example where $R$ represents an appropriate function of $|A|$ is treated in depth and the semigroup growth bound for this example is explicitly computed and shown to coincide with the corresponding spectral bound for the underlying generator and also with that of the corresponding Dirac-type operator. The cases of undamped (R=0) and damped ($R \neq 0$) abstract wave equations as well as the cases $A^* A \geq εI_{\mathcal{H}_1}$ for some $ε> 0$ and $0 \in σ(A^* A)$ (but 0 not an eigenvalue of $A^*A$) are separately studied in detail.
description: 44 pages
My girl : a novel, the first twelve chapters
Creators: name: McFarland, Jessica
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2022
Subjects: Disability
Novel
Historical fiction
World War Two
Literary fiction
Trauma
PTSD

description: Ginny Moore is seventeen in the winter of 1950 when she gets hit by a car in a freak accident, resulting in the amputation of her legs from the knees down. The accident sets the scene for the novels' themes to expand and interact: Ginny must come to terms with living her life disabled, losing her dream of winning a math scholarship and attending university, and whether her faith in God is inherited or inherently her own. The small Virginian town in which she lives still deals with the emotional and physical scars of WWII. Due to her injuries, Ginny starts identifying with local veteran Raymond Bennet, believing he's the only one who can really understand how she feels, despite all she hears pointing to the contrary. Additionally, she's blind to her father's potential to help her through her trauma. She idolizes him but fails to see his struggle with depression from his experiences as a soldier during WWI, and how she could relate to him on a deeper level. Chapters One through Twelve set the groundwork for the climax and falling action in the ensuing chapters. Ginny’s existing relationship with her mother and long-time friend Sandra are tested, her new relationship with crush Bobby is overshadowed by Sandra, and Nurse Wallace—the only person who treats Ginny normally—leaves. The sudden, climatic, death of her father brings all these relationships to a crisis point and compels Ginny to examine the realities of her beliefs and whether she'll trust in herself or God.
A proposal of a fine tuning free formulation of 4d N=4 super Yang-Mills
Creators: name: Hanada, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a nonperturbative formulation of 4d N=4 super Yang-Mills theory which does not require fine tuning at least to all order in perturbation theory has been proposed by combining two-dimensional lattice and matrix model techniques. In this paper we provide an analogous model by utilizing deconstruction approach of Kaplan et al. Two-dimensional lattice with a plane wave deformation is deconstructed from a matrix model and two additional dimensions emerge through the Myers effect. In other words we construct a D1-brane theory from which a D3-brane theory comes out. The action is much simpler than the previous formulation and hence numerical study, which enables us to test the AdS/CFT duality at fully nonperturbative level, becomes much easier.
description: v1: 16 pages, no figure. v2: 18 pages, no figure. Comments and references added. Title changed slightly following the referee's suggestion. The version accepted by JHEP. v3: a few sign errors in equations corrected
Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer Zusammenarbeit mit Heilpraktikern aus ärztlicher Sicht
Creators: name: Thanner, Mirjam
name: Nagel, Eckhard
name: Loss, Julika
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Hintergrund: Deutschland weist gegenüber zahlreichen anderen Staaten die Besonderheit auf, dass neben Ärzten auch Heilpraktiker eine staatliche Zulassung zur Ausübung der Heilkunde erlangen können. Das Verhältnis der beiden Berufsgruppen zueinander gilt als schwierig - unabhängig von berufsrechtlichen Hindernissen. Ziel der Untersuchung war es zu klären, inwieweit bei niedergelassenen Ärzten eine Bereitschaft zur Zusammenarbeit mit Heilpraktikern besteht. Gleichzeitig sollten Bedingungen, Chancen sowie Hindernisse einer Kooperation aufgezeigt werden. Methoden: Um die ärztliche Bereitschaft zur Zusammen arbeit mit Heilpraktikern zu evaluieren, wurden mit 15 niedergelassenen Ärzten und Zahnärzten semi-strukturierte Interviews geführt. Die Fragen thematisierten Bedingungen, Chancen sowie Barrieren einer Kooperation. Im Anschluss wurden die Interviews wörtlich transkribiert und mithilfe der thematischen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Einer Zusammenarbeit gegenüber aufgeschlossene Ärzte sehen Heilpraktiker als ergänzende Therapeuten bei leichteren oder psychisch beeinflussten Erkrankungen. Dafür bestehen allerdings klare Bedingungen: Heilpraktiker müssten die Grenzen ihrer Behandlungsfähigkeit erkennen. Voraussetzungen seien auch transparente Regelungen der Kostenerstattung durch Krankenkassen, insbesondere dürften ärztliche Leistungen im Bereich der Komplementär- und Alternativmedizin nicht diskriminiert werden. Neben dem mangelnden Vertrauen der befragten Ärzte in die Heilpraktikerausbildung erweist es sich als hinderlich, wenn Heilpraktiker störend auf die bestehende Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung einwirken bzw. den Abbruch einer schulmedizinischen Therapie veranlassen. Gleichzeitig wird die bestehende Patientenversorgung bereits als zu komplex für eine Kooperation eingeschätzt. Schlussfolgerungen: Um zu reproduzierbaren Ergebnissen zu gelangen, sind Untersuchungen mit quantitativem Forschungsdesign nötig. Auch sollte geklärt werden, inwieweit aus Sicht der Heilpraktiker eine Zusammenarbeit mit Ärzten wünschenswert ist. Der Abbau von Kommunikationsbarrieren ist nötig, damit Patienten offen mit ihrem Arzt über Heilpraktiker besuche sprechen kön-nen. Das Wissen über Unterschiede in Ausbildung und Zulassung zum Arzt oder Heilpraktiker ist Grundvoraussetzung für eine informierte Entscheidung der Patienten.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Effect of hearing intervention on communicative function: A secondary analysis of the ACHIEVE randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Coresh, Josef
name: Mitchell, Christine M.
name: Sherry, Laura
name: Lin, Frank R.
name: Morales, Emmanuel E. Garcia
name: Arnold, Michelle L.
name: Hayden, Kathleen M.
name: Gravens‐Mueller, Lisa
name: Faucette, Sarah
name: Reed, Nicholas S.
name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Weycker, Jacqueline M.
name: Pankow, James S.
name: Chisolm, Theresa H.
name: Huang, Alison R.
name: Calloway, Haley N.
name: Burgard, Sheila
name: Schrack, Jennifer A.
name: ACHIEVE Collaborative Study
name: Sanchez, Victoria A.
name: Goman, Adele M.
name: Deal, Jennifer A.
name: Pike, James R.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: BACKGROUND: The Aging and Cognitive Health Evaluation in Elders (ACHIEVE) Study was designed to determine the effects of a best-practice hearing intervention on cognitive decline among community-dwelling older adults. Here, we conducted a secondary analysis of the ACHIEVE Study to investigate the effect of hearing intervention on self-reported communicative function.
METHODS: The ACHIEVE Study is a parallel-group, unmasked, randomized controlled trial of adults aged 70-84 years with untreated mild-to-moderate hearing loss and without substantial cognitive impairment. Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to a hearing intervention (audiological counseling and provision of hearing aids) or a control intervention of health education (individual sessions with a health educator covering topics on chronic disease prevention) and followed semiannually for 3 years. Self-reported communicative function was measured with the Hearing Handicap Inventory-Elderly Screening version (HHIE-S, range 0-40, higher scores indicate greater impairment). Effect of hearing intervention versus control on HHIE-S was analyzed through an intention-to-treat model controlling for known covariates.
RESULTS: HHIE-S improved after 6-months with hearing intervention compared to control, and continued to be better through 3-year follow-up. We estimated a difference of -8.9 (95% CI: -10.4, -7.5) points between intervention and control groups in change in HHIE-S score from baseline to 6 months, -9.3 (95% CI: -10.8, -7.9) to Year 1, -8.4 (95% CI: -9.8, -6.9) to Year 2, and - 9.5 (95% CI: -11.0, -8.0) to Year 3. Other prespecified sensitivity analyses that varied analytical parameters did not change the observed results.
CONCLUSIONS: Hearing intervention improved self-reported communicative function compared to a control intervention within 6 months and with effects sustained through 3 years. These findings suggest that clinical recommendations for older adults with hearing loss should encourage hearing intervention that could benefit communicative function and potentially have positive downstream effects on other aspects of health.
Chronic Graft versus Host Disease but not the Intensity of Conditioning has Impact on Survival after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Advanced Hematological Diseasess
Creators: name: Hilgendorf, Inken
name: Wolff, Daniel
name: Nogai, A.
name: Kundt, G.
name: Hahn, Joachim
name: Holler, Ernst
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Hematological malignancies, advanced; Graft versus host disease, chronic; Myeloablative conditioning; Reduced intensity conditioning
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) is often performed in cases of advanced hematological diseases, but because of the associated mortality and a high risk of relapse it is life prolonging only in some patients. Patients and Methods: A retrospective multi-center analysis of 401 patients was conducted to analyze the variables associated with outcome after alloHSCT in advanced hematological diseases. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess the independence of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) from prognostic factors in a multivariate model. Results: The 5-year OS and DFS were 27.3 and 21.1% respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the underlying malignancy had a significant influence on OS and DFS (p < 0.001 and p < 0.011, respectively), whereas development of severe acute graft versus host disease (GvHD) had a negative impact on OS (p < 0.001). Development of chronic GvHD showed a trend to a better OS (p = 0.085) and DFS (p = 0.199). No impact was seen for the intensity of conditioning. Conclusion: Development of chronic GvHD but not the conditioning regimen improved the outcome after alloHSCT for advanced malignancies, underlining the importance of immunological rather than cytotoxic effects.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Stagnant Loop Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Severe Malabsorption
Creators: name: Weigand, Kilian
name: Herfarth, C.
name: Weigand, Kurt
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Syndrom der blinden Schlinge, Bakterielle Überbesiedlung des Dünndarms, Mangelernährung, Anämie
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Intestinal bacterial overgrowth as a consequence of postsurgical anatomical abnormalities as well as other small bowel diseases can lead to malabsorption. Case Report: A female patient had several abdominal operations due to recurrent intestinal obstructions. Initially, she presented with severe megaloblastic anaemia. Subsequently, she suffered from weight loss, diarrhoea, oedema, recurrent anaemia (despite vitamin B12 substitution), and severe malabsorption of proteins, lipids, iron, and vitamins. Vague information about the performed surgeries, an anatomy of the bowel that was difficult to interpret, and an unusual cholestasis made it difficult to reach the diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth due to a stagnant loop syndrome. Treatment with antibiotics only temporarily improved the condition of the patient. After restoring bowel continuity and after the resection of an enteroenteric fistula as well as of a bowel conglomerate, the patient did not show any further symptoms. Conclusion: The history of this patient indicates that the diagnosis of a stagnant loop syndrome may be difficult. The primary goal regarding surgically created small intestinal bacterial overgrowth should be the correction of the underlying small intestinal abnormality, whenever possible.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
The Impact of Altered Gravity and Vibration on Endothelial Cells During a Parabolic Flight
Creators: name: Wehland, M.
name: Ma, Xiao
name: Braun, M.
name: Hauslage, J.
name: Hemmersbach, R.
name: Bauer, Johann
name: Grosse, Jirka
name: Infanger, M.
name: Grimm, Daniela
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Parabolic flight, Microgravity, Hypergravity, Vibration, Cytoskeleton, Angiogenesis , Extracellular matrix, Apoptosis, Cell cycle
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Endothelial cells (EC) cultured under altered gravity conditions show a cytoskeletal disorganization and differential gene expression (short-term effects), as well as apoptosis in adherently growing EC or formation of tubular 3D structures (long-term effects). Methods: Investigating short-term effects of real microgravity, we exposed EC to parabolic flight maneuvers and analysed them on both protein and transcriptional level. The effects of hypergravity and vibration were studied separately. Results: Pan-actin and tubulin proteins were elevated by vibration and down-regulated by hypergravity. β-Actin was reduced by vibration. Moesin protein was reduced by both vibration and hypergravity, ezrin potein was strongly elevated under vibration. Gene expression of ACTB, CCND1, CDC6, CDKN1A, VEGFA, FLK-1, EZR, ITBG1, OPN, CASP3, CASP8, ANXA2, and BIRC5 was reduced under vibration. With the exception of CCNA2, CCND1, MSN, RDX, OPN, BIRC5, and ACTB all investigated genes were downregulated by hypergravity. After one parabola (P) CCNA2, CCND1, CDC6, CDKN1A, EZR, MSN, OPN, VEGFA, CASP3, CASP8, ANXA1, ANXA2, and BIRC5 were up-, while FLK1 was downregulated. EZR, MSN, OPN, ANXA2, and BIRC5 were upregulated after 31P. Conclusions: Genes of the cytoskeleton, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix, apoptosis, and cell cycle regulation were affected by parabolic flight maneuvers. We show that the microgravity stimulus is stronger than hypergravity/vibration.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
HIV-1 Seroprevalence among Pregnant Women in Rural Uganda: A Longitudinal Study over Fifteen Years
Creators: name: Reuschel, Edith
name: Tibananuka, S.
name: Seelbach-Göbel, Birgit
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: HIV infection, Pregnant women, Sentinel surveillance, Uganda, Syphilis
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Introduction: In order to determine the development of the prevalence of HIV infection in rural Western Uganda, data of epidemiological studies conducted in 2001 and 2007 were compared to study data from 1993. Methods: In 2001 (n = 466) and in 2007 (n = 486), one group each of clinically healthy pregnant women of a local prenatal care department were enrolled in the study and anonymously screened for HIV-1. For both groups, informed consent was obtained prior to enrolment. Testing for HIV was done by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmed by Western blot. In addition, age and antibodies against syphilis were determined as risk factors of HIV infection. Results: The seroprevalence of HIV-1 infection did not decrease significantly over this time period, dropping from 28.3 to 25.1% between 2001 and 2007, but the prevalence of syphilis antibodies decreased from 27.9 to 11.1%. The data of 2001 and 2007 were compared to a third cohort from 1993, in which 21.5% of pregnant women were HIV-1-positive and 31.1% were Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay (TPHA)-positive. Conclusion: The current prevalence of HIV-1 infection in Uganda is still high and there is a need for further promotion of HIV prevention and control services.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Kondo temperature of a quantum dot
Creators: name: Nah, Seungjoo
name: Pustilnik, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dependence of the Kondo temperature on the gate voltage in a strongly blockaded quantum dot with a small single-particle level spacing. We show that the dependence cannot be fitted to that of the Anderson impurity model with the gate voltage-independent level width. The effect originates in high-order tunneling processes, which make a dominant contribution to the exchange amplitude when the gate voltage is tuned away from the middle of the Coulomb blockade valley.
Is There a Negative Interpretation Bias in Depressed Patients? An Affective Startle Modulation Study
Creators: name: Käse, M.
name: Dresler, Thomas
name: Andreatta, M.
name: Ehlis, A.-C.
name: Wolff, B.
name: Kittel-Schneider, S.
name: Polak, T.
name: Fallgatter, A. J.
name: Mühlberger, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Background/Aims: Scientists proposed that patients with depression favour negative interpretations when appraising ambiguity. As self-report measures seem prone to response bias, implicit measures of emotional valence should be additionally used. Methods: A total of 16 patients with depression and 19 controls underwent an acoustic imagery task comprising neutral and negative words, as well as ambiguous words that could be understood either way. Affective startle modulation and direct interrogation were used to assess implicit and explicit emotional valence, respectively. We expected a negative bias for ambiguous words in the patient group, resulting in augmented startle magnitudes and preference for negative interpretations of the ambiguous words in the interrogation. Results: Surprisingly, both groups preferred neutral interpretations and showed augmented startle magnitudes to ambiguous words. Furthermore, both groups displayed an emotional startle potentiation for negative words. Conclusion: In summary, our results do not confirm a negative interpretation bias or a blunted emotional response in patients with major depression. The mismatch between self-report and affective startle reaction to ambiguous targets might reflect defensive mobilization or attention effects.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Majorana neutrino oscillations in vacuum
Creators: name: Perez, Y. F.
name: Quimbay, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of a type I seesaw scenario which leads to get light left-handed and heavy right-handed Majorana neutrinos, we obtain expressions for the transition probability densities between two flavor neutrinos in the cases of left-handed and right-handed neutrinos. We obtain these expressions in the context of an approach developed in the canonical formalism of Quantum Field Theory for neutrinos which are considered as superpositions of mass-eigenstate plane waves with specific momenta. The expressions obtained for the left-handed neutrino case after the ultra-relativistic limit is taking lead to the standard probability densities which describe light neutrino oscillations. For the right-handed neutrino case, the expressions describing heavy neutrino oscillations in the non-relativistic limit are different respect to the ones of the standard neutrino oscillations. However, the right-handed neutrino oscillations are phenomenologically restricted as is shown when the propagation of heavy neutrinos is considered as superpositions of mass-eigenstate wave packets.
description: 25 pages, abstract changed, two sections added, some references added
Synthesis and crystal structure of [Cs([2.2.2]crypt)]2[Mo(CO)5]
Creators: name: Kaas, Marina
name: Korber, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: crystal structure; liquid ammonia; carbonyl metalates; penta­carbonyl molybdate; metallic salt reduction.
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Reduction of the heteroleptic metal carbonyl complex Mo(CO)3(η5-Cp)H with the metallic salt Cs5Bi4 in the presence of [2.2.2]crypt (= 4,7,13,16,21,24-hexa­oxa-1,10-di­aza­bicyclo­[8.8.8]hexa­cosa­ne) in liquid ammonia led to single crystals of bis­[(4,7,13,16,21,24-hexa­oxa-1,10-di­aza­bicyclo­[8.8.8]hexa­cosa­ne)caesium] penta­carbonyl­molybdate, [Cs(C18H36N2O6)]2[Mo(CO)5] or [Cs([2.2.2]crypt)]2[Mo(CO)5]. The twofold negatively charged anionic complex corresponds to the 18 valence electron rule. It consists of an Mo atom coordinated by five carbonyl ligands in a shape inter­mediate between trigonal–bipyramidal and square-pyramidal. The Mo—C distances range from 1.961 (3) to 2.017 (3) Å, and the C[triple bond]O distances from 1.164 (3) to 1.180 (4) Å.
Manifestly gauge invariant transition amplitudes and thermal influence functionals in QED and linearized gravity
Creators: name: Wilson-Gerow, Jordan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Einstein’s theory of General Relativity tells us that gravity is not a force but rather it is the curvature of spacetime itself. Spacetime is a dynamical object evolving and interacting similar to any other system in nature. The equivalence principle requires everything to couple to gravity in the same way. Consequently, as a matter of principle it is impossible to truly isolate a system|it will always be interacting with the dynamical spacetime in which it resides. This may be detrimental for large mass quantum systems since interaction with an environment can decohere a quantum system, rendering it effectively classical. To understand the effect of a ‘spacetime environment’, we compute the Feynman-Vernon influence functional (IF), a useful tool for studying decoherence. We compute the IF for both the electromagnetic and linearized gravitational fields at finite temperature in a manifestly gauge invariant way. Gauge invariance is maintained by using a modification of the Faddeev-Popov technique which results in the integration over all gauge equivalent configurations of the system. As an intermediate step we evaluate the gauge invariant transition amplitude for the gauge fields in the presence of sources. When used as an evolution kernel the transition amplitude projects initial data onto a physical (gauge-invariant) subspace of the Hilbert space and time-evolves the states within that physical subspace. The states in this physical subspace satisfy precisely the same constraint equations which one implements in the constrained quantization method of Dirac. Thus we find that our approach is the path-integral equivalent of Dirac’s. In the gauge invariant computation it is clear that for gauge theories the appropriate separation between system and environment is not a) matter and gauge field, but rather b) matter (dressed with a coherent field) and radiation field. This implies that only the state of the radiation field can be traced out to obtain a reduced description of the matter. We stress the importance of gauge invariance and the implementation of constraints because it resolves the disagreement between results in reported recent literature in which influence functionals were computed in different gauges without consideration of constraints.
Pure O-sequences and matroid h-vectors
Creators: name: Hà, Huy Tài
name: Stokes, Erik
name: Zanello, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B35 (Primary), 05E45, 05E40, 13H10, 13D40 (Secondary)

description: We study Stanley's long-standing conjecture that the h-vectors of matroid simplicial complexes are pure O-sequences. Our method consists of a new and more abstract approach, which shifts the focus from working on constructing suitable artinian level monomial ideals, as often done in the past, to the study of properties of pure O-sequences. We propose a conjecture on pure O-sequences and settle it in small socle degrees. This allows us to prove Stanley's conjecture for all matroids of rank 3. At the end of the paper, using our method, we discuss a first possible approach to Stanley's conjecture in full generality. Our technical work on pure O-sequences also uses very recent results of the third author and collaborators.
description: Contains several changes/updates with respect to the previous version. In particular, a discussion of a possible approach to the general case is included at the end. 13 pages. To appear in the Annals of Combinatorics