cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Metalenses Integrated Photonics
Creators: name: Yazdaanpanah, Ramin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nanophotonics
Photonics, optoelectronics and optical communications
Nanomaterials

description: This thesis investigates the optical metasurfaces utilized for lensing (metalens)
 and their potential to integrate with photonic circuits. In recent years, a plethora
 of studies have been done on metalenses, especially in the visible region. However,
 there are still rooms to discover the metalenses working in the mid-IR and ultraviolet
 (UV) spectra. Due to the applications in these regions, from biosensing in mid-IR
 to lithography in UV, the development of metalenses operating in these ranges is
 essential. One aspect of metalenses that requires further investigation is to analyze
 the deviation of the measured focal spot from the simulated value, which can affect
 the focusing quality. As this deviation becomes smaller, a more homogeneous airydisk pattern can be achieved. Unlike the previous studies that have suggested the
 Fresnel number is the only relevant factor for the possible focal shift, we numerically show that for mid-IR metalenses, the numerical aperture (NA) of metalenses
 is an essential parameter to predict the focal spot deviation from the simulated
 value. We also introduce a critical NA (between 0.55-0.65) in which the deviation
 of the simulated and measured focal spot can reach zero value. The other aspect
 of metalenses addressed in this thesis is to find a fine-tuning method to multiply
 the number of focal sites, which is a practical concept for polarization filtering applications. The single-material-base metalenses are numerically investigated in the
 UV regime. Moreover, a design method to have full spatial control on phase, polarization, and focal spots is carefully implemented to attain multifocal metalenses.
 These single-material metalenses are composed of Al2O3 nanoblocks on the Al2O3
 substrates, which can facilitate the fabrication process.
 Finally, by taking advantage of focal shift prediction and multifocal design principle, we propose a metalens-integrated photonic device. On one side of such device,
 a metalens structure is incorporated, and a plasmonic antenna array is patterned on
 its other side. We numerically study this device and show that this new compact
 iv
 design could offer an excellent lens-free illumination mechanism for plasmonic structures. Also, as it is possible to focus the incident light on the plasmonic structure,
 the near field intensity is significantly increased in this device. In addition, utilizing
 multifocal metalenses on the backside also allows us to illuminate multiple chips on
 the surface with different polarization modes. Considering the plasmonic structure
 applications for biosensing purposes, we can increase the sensitivity and selectivity
 of biodetection in these integrated devices while avoiding complicated measurement
 techniques.
Differentiating the Lévy walk from a composite correlated random walk
Creators: name: Auger-Méthé, Marie
name: Derocher, Andrew E.
name: Plank, Michael J.
name: Codling, Edward A.
name: Lewis, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: 1. Understanding how to find targets with very limited information is a topic of interest in many disciplines. In ecology, such research has often focused on the development of two movement models: i) the Lévy walk and; ii) the composite correlated random walk and its associated area-restricted search behaviour. Although the processes underlying these models differ, they can produce similar movement patterns. Due to this similarity and because of their disparate formulation, current methods cannot reliably differentiate between these two models. 2. Here, we present a method that differentiates between the two models. It consists of likelihood functions, including one for a hidden Markov model, and associated statistical measures that assess the relative support for and absolute fit of each model. 3. Using a simulation study, we show that our method can differentiate between the two search models over a range of parameter values. Using the movement data of two polar bears (\textit{Ursus maritimus}), we show that the method can be applied to complex, real-world movement paths. 4. By providing the means to differentiate between the two most prominent search models in the literature, and a framework that could be extended to include other models, we facilitate further research into the strategies animals use to find resources.
title: Ethiopia - land, climate, energy, agriculture and development
title: A study in the Sudano-Sahel Initiative for regional development, jobs, and food security
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Admassie, Assefa
name: Abebaw, Degnet
Publisher: name: Center for Development Research (ZEF)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Innovation
subject: Energy
subject: Irrigation
subject: Agricultural production
subject: Employment
subject: Food and nutrition security
subject: Africa
subject: Climate change
subject: Sustainable land management
subject: ddc:320
subject: ddc:330
subject: ddc:333.7
subject: ddc:624
subject: ddc:630

description: Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Sub-Saharan Africa with a population of more than 110 million. With over 10 percent growth rate, the Ethiopian economy has been one of the fastest growing economies in the world over the last one and half decades. By any measure agriculture is the dominant economic sector in the country accounting for a sizeable portion of the GDP growth, generating most of the export earnings and employing most of the labour force. The country has diverse agro-ecological conditions which are suitable for growing both temperate and tropical food and industrial crops. This study has tried to review the trends in environment conditions such as energy use, land cover and land use changes as well as the impact of climate change and the policy responses of the Government of Ethiopia. The review clearly shows that Ethiopia is still a poor country with more than one fifth of the population living below the national poverty line. Food insecurity continues to be a big challenge for millions of Ethiopians. Despite being the dominant economic sector, agricultural production is characterized as a low-input-low productivity sector. Land degradation is a very serious problem in Ethiopia due to the fact that many parts of the Ethiopian highlands are mountainous and rugged. Even though Ethiopia has huge potential for generating renewable energy, the majority of the Ethiopian population still relies on biomass energy sources such as wood, animal dung and crop residues. These environmental challenges are also exacerbated due to the effect of climate change. To mitigate the impact of land degradation, deforestation, and climate change, the Government of Ethiopia has formulated and implemented several policies. The Agricultural Growth Program (AGP), the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP), the Sustainable Land Management Program (SLM) and the Climate Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy are the major programs being implemented to address these environmental challenges. Indeed, these interventions have made noticeable contributions to curb the challenges.
Neutrino-driven Turbulent Convection and Standing Accretion Shock Instability in Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Abdikamalov, E.
name: Ott, C. D.
name: Radice, D.
name: Roberts, L. F.
name: Haas, R.
name: Reisswig, C.
name: Moesta, P.
name: Klion, H.
name: Schnetter, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct a series of numerical experiments into the nature of three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamics in the postbounce stalled-shock phase of core-collapse supernovae using 3D general-relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of a $27$-$M_\odot$ progenitor star with a neutrino leakage/heating scheme. We vary the strength of neutrino heating and find three cases of 3D dynamics: (1) neutrino-driven convection, (2) initially neutrino-driven convection and subsequent development of the standing accretion shock instability (SASI), (3) SASI dominated evolution. This confirms previous 3D results of Hanke et al. 2013, ApJ 770, 66 and Couch & Connor 2014, ApJ 785, 123. We carry out simulations with resolutions differing by up to a factor of $\sim$4 and demonstrate that low resolution is artificially favorable for explosion in the 3D convection-dominated case, since it decreases the efficiency of energy transport to small scales. Low resolution results in higher radial convective fluxes of energy and enthalpy, more fully buoyant mass, and stronger neutrino heating. In the SASI-dominated case, lower resolution damps SASI oscillations. In the convection-dominated case, a quasi-stationary angular kinetic energy spectrum $E(\ell)$ develops in the heating layer. Like other 3D studies, we find $E(\ell) \propto \ell^{-1}$ in the "inertial range," while theory and local simulations argue for $E(\ell) \propto \ell^{-5/3}$. We argue that current 3D simulations do not resolve the inertial range of turbulence and are affected by numerical viscosity up to the energy containing scale, creating a "bottleneck" that prevents an efficient turbulent cascade.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. Added one figure and made minor modifications to text according to suggestions from the referee
Dirac Gauginos in Low Scale Supersymmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Goodsell, Mark D.
name: Tziveloglou, Pantelis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been claimed that Dirac gaugino masses are necessary for realistic models of low-scale supersymmetry breaking, and yet very little attention has been paid to the phenomenology of a light gravitino when gauginos have Dirac masses. We begin to address this deficit by investigating the couplings and phenomenology of the gravitino in the effective Lagrangian approach. We pay particular attention to the phenomenology of the scalar octets, where new decay channels open up. This leads us to propose a new simplified effective scenario including only light gluinos, sgluons and gravitinos, allowing the squarks to be heavy -- with the possible exception of the third generation. Finally, we comment on the application of our results to Fake Split Supersymmetry.
description: 40 pages, 3 figures. Minor typos fixed; matches version in Nuclear Physics B
title: Fremont Legacy in Capitol Reef and the Waterpocket Fold: A Radiocarbon Analysis of the Pectol Collection Coiled Basketry Using Bayesian Modeling
Creators: name: Cheney, Chelsea
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Perishable artifacts provide ample opportunity to better understand past human lives. Artifacts constructed from shorter-lived plant materials can make a significant contribution to archaeological research through radiocarbon dating. Analyzing and radiocarbon dating the basketry construction types from the Pectol Collection aids in the development of a more precise prehistoric timeline for the Capitol Reef and Waterpocket Fold (CRWF) area of southeastern Utah. Basketry technology construction is treated as a signal for growing Fremont occupancy throughout the Colorado Plateau and eastern Great Basin, and can the provide prior information used to better organize Bayesianbased age models. From AD 750–1050, a narrow window of regionally stable environmental conditions could have promoted agricultural intensification, with peak occupancy occurring in northern Fremont regions during AD 840–1080. New data will test the hypothesis that peak CRWF occupation in the south occurred simultaneously with Cub Creek in the north. However, compared to their northern neighbors, Fremont occupancy in the CRWF peaked later in time, closer to AD 1100. Future research can use new data to examine whether agricultural communities in the northern Colorado Plateau formed earlier but persisted for a shorter period of time than those in the eastern Great Basin.
Charge varying sine-Gordon deformed defects
Creators: name: Bernardini, Alex E.
name: Chinaglia, Mariana
name: da Rocha, Roldao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sine-Gordon deformed defects that exhibit unusual phenomenological features on the topological charge are investigated. The possibility of a smooth and continuous transition between topological (non null charge) and non-topological (null charge) scenarios of deformed defects supported by sine-Gordon structures is evinced by the analytical calculation of topological charges and localized energy distributions. By describing cyclic deformation chains, we show that a triggering sine-Gordon model simultaneously supports kink and lump-like defects, whose topological mass values are closed by trigonometric or hyperbolic successive deformations. In spite of preserving analytical closure relations constraining the topological masses of $3$-and $4$-cyclically deformed defects, the deformation chains produce kinks and lumps which exhibit non-monotonic behavior and extra inflection points, respectively. The outcome of our analysis suggests that cyclic deformations create novel scenarios of physical and mathematical applicability of defect structures supported by the sine-Gordon theory.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
Optimal dividend payment under time of ruin contraint: Exponential case
Creators: name: Hernandez, Camilo
name: Junca, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider the classical optimal dividends problem under the Cramér-Lundberg model with exponential claim sizes subject to a constraint on the time of ruin. We introduce the dual problem and show that the complementary slackness conditions are satisfied, thus there is no duality gap. Therefore the optimal value function can be obtained as the point-wise infimum of auxiliary value functions indexed by Lagrange multipliers. We also present a series of numerical examples.
Evolution equations: Frobenius integrability, conservation laws and travelling waves
Creators: name: Prince, Geoff
name: Tehseen, Naghmana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58J70, 35C07, 35C08

description: We give new results concerning the Frobenius integrability and solution of evolution equations admitting travelling wave solutions. In particular, we give a powerful result which explains the extraordinary integrability of some of these equations. We also discuss "local" conservations laws for evolution equations in general and demonstrate all the results for the Korteweg de Vries equation.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
New features of MadAnalysis 5 for analysis design and reinterpretation
Creators: name: Conte, Eric
name: Dumont, Béranger
name: Fuks, Benjamin
name: Schmitt, Thibaut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present MadAnalysis 5, an analysis package dedicated to phenomenological studies of simulated collisions occurring in high-energy physics experiments. Within this framework, users are invited, through a user-friendly Python interpreter, to implement physics analyses in a very simple manner. A C++ code is then automatically generated, compiled and executed. Very recently, the expert mode of the program has been extended so that analyses with multiple signal/control regions can be handled. Additional observables have also been included, and an interface to several fast detector simulation packages has been developed, one of them being a tune of the Delphes 3 software. As a result, a recasting of existing ATLAS and CMS analyses can be achieved straightforwardly.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; submitted to the proceedings of the 16th International workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in physics research (ACAT 2014), Prague
The critical pulling force for self-avoiding walks
Creators: name: Beaton, Nicholas R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Self-avoiding walks are a simple and well-known model of long, flexible polymers in a good solvent. Polymers being pulled away from a surface by an external agent can be modelled with self-avoiding walks in a half-space, with a Boltzmann weight $y = e^f$ associated with the pulling force. This model is known to have a critical point at a certain value $y_c$ of this Boltzmann weight, which is the location of a transition between the so-called free and ballistic phases. The value $y_c=1$ has been conjectured by several authors using numerical estimates. We provide a relatively simple proof of this result, and show that further properties of the free energy of this system can be determined by re-interpreting existing results about the two-point function of self-avoiding walks.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
title: Feldpostbriefe eines Unteroffiziers im 2. Weltkrieg
Creators: name: Schuh, Florian
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Feldpostbriefen des Unteroffiziers Karl Schuh, welche er während des 2. Weltkrieges an seine Partnerin und spätere Ehefrau Josefa Schuh versandte. Karl Schuh diente zuerst an der Ostfront, von welcher er jedoch auf Grund einer Verwundung bald wieder nach Hause geschickt wurde. Bis zur vollkommenen Genesung wurde er in den besetzten Gebieten zur Verwaltung eingesetzt und später erneut, aber diesmal an die Front, in den Westen geschickt. Die Feldpostbriefe handeln bis auf eine Ausnahme von der Zeit nach der Verwundung. Mit Hilfe dieser Briefe und einer qualitativen Forschungsmethode wird im Rahmen dieser Arbeit versucht, das Leben des Unteroffiziers Karl Schuh auf unterschiedliche Blickwinkel hin zu analysieren. Die Untersuchung der Feldpostbriefe ergab aufschlussreiche Kenntnisse über die Wesenszüge und Gedankengänge des Soldaten Karl Schuh. Er erfüllt einerseits einige aufgestellte Hypothesen und liefert doch auch sehr persönliche und individuelle Erkenntnisse eines Soldaten im 2. Weltkrieg.
Pollsters: Can We Trust Them?
Creators: name: Guevara, Stefani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: After the 2016 US presidential elections, many started seriously questioning the legitimacy of polls, and in turn, pollsters. Right up to the election night, polls for months had been showing Hillary Clinton as the almost certain winner of the debate, yet the nation was left surprised. While pollsters argue the public can still trust them, the public has become weary, and reasonably so. In this project, we'll look into this year's presidential election polls focusing on the pollsters themselves -- not at whether or not they were correct in who the winner would be, but on how closely they're projections were to actual results, at least as of Monday Nov. 9, 2020 (with about 98-99% of national results in). We'll look at the data on pollsters and their respective results shared by FiveThirtyEight in their aggregated polling site (https://projects.fivethirtyeight.com/polls/). We'll narrow down to look only at Joseph Biden's projected results and see how closely these pollsters got to his actual national results. If interested in this project, please feel free to select the Pollsters.html file.
A geometric framework for mixed quantum states based on a Kähler structure
Creators: name: Heydari, Hoshang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we introduce a geometric framework for mixed quantum states based on a Kähler structure. The geometric framework includes a symplectic form, an almost complex structure, and a Riemannian metric that characterize the space of mixed quantum states. We argue that the almost complex structure is integrable. We also in detail discuss a visualizing application of this geometric framework by deriving a geometric uncertainty relation for mixed quantum states. The framework is computationally effective and it provides us with a better understanding of general quantum mechanical systems.
description: 9 pages
title: Freitod auf Rezept? Implikationen und Kriterien einer ethischen Zulässigkeit zum ärztlich assistierten Suizid
Creators: name: Stipsits, Raphaela
Year: 2022

description: Krankheit und Leid stellen für viele, Sterben und Tod aber jedenfalls für alle Menschen einen immanenten Teil des Lebens dar. Dies in Verbindung mit den stetigen Fortschritten in Bio- und Medizintechnik lässt den Ruf nach Antworten, insbesondere auf Fragen, die das Lebensende betreffen, immer lauter werden. Etwa in Bezug auf den Wunsch, sich unter ärztlicher Hilfe das eigene Leben zu nehmen, weil dieses durch nicht mehr auszuhaltende Krankheitszustände unerträglich geworden ist. Für viele der Betroffenen ist ein Leben in Würde subjektiv nicht mehr möglich und es besteht nicht einmal mehr die Aussicht auf ein würdevolles Sterben ohne Beihilfe zum Suizid. In und zwischen den Disziplinen Recht, Medizin, Ethik etc. besteht ein Pluralismus an Ansichten und Argumenten zum ärztlich assistierten Suizid, was zu einer augenscheinlich anhaltenden Kontroverse und einem Mangel an klaren Orientierungspunkten führt. Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt deshalb schwerpunktmäßig die Frage, ob -- und wenn, unter welchen Voraussetzungen -- ein ärztlich assistierter Suizid aus ethischer Sicht als zulässig und auch moralisch gute Handlung bewertet werden kann. Mittels einschlägiger Literatur sowie unter Einbeziehung eigener Überlegungen wurde eine Liste an Zulässigkeitskriterien erarbeitet. Diese sind als Regelfundament für den Umgang mit suizidalen Wünschen unter Zuhilfenahme ärztlicher Unterstützung zu verstehen, nämlich insofern, als dass nur wenn diese erfüllt sind, eine ärztliche Suizidbeihilfe überhaupt als ethisch zulässig in Betracht gezogen werden kann. Anhand der Betrachtungen ergeben sich Kriterien (A) auf sozial- und gesellschaftspolitischer Ebene, (B) auf Seiten der sterbewilligen Person, (C) auf Seiten der assistierenden Ärzt*innen und (D) solche, die für Ärzt*innen und Patient*innen gemeinschaftlich bestehen. Dieses Regelfundament wird aber vor allem erst zusammen mit einem bewussten, sensiblen und situationsspezifischen Umgang als mögliche ethische Orientierungshilfe empfohlen.
Leaf-excluded percolation in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Zhou, Zongzheng
name: Xu, Xiao
name: Garoni, Timothy M.
name: Deng, Youjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the \emph{leaf-excluded} percolation model, which corresponds to independent bond percolation conditioned on the absence of leaves (vertices of degree one). We study the leaf-excluded model on the square and simple-cubic lattices via Monte Carlo simulation, using a worm-like algorithm. By studying wrapping probabilities, we precisely estimate the critical thresholds to be $0.355\,247\,5(8)$ (square) and $0.185\,022(3)$ (simple-cubic). Our estimates for the thermal and magnetic exponents are consistent with those for percolation, implying that the phase transition of the leaf-excluded model belongs to the standard percolation universality class.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Structural Stability and Defect Energetics of ZnO from Diffusion Quantum Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Santana, Juan A.
name: Krogel, Jaron T.
name: Kim, Jeongnim
name: Kent, Paul R. C.
name: Reboredo, Fernando A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have applied the many-body ab-initio diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (DMC) method to study Zn and ZnO crystals under pressure, and the energetics of the oxygen vacancy, zinc interstitial and hydrogen impurities in ZnO. We show that DMC is an accurate and practical method that can be used to characterize multiple properties of materials that are challenging for density functional theory approximations. DMC agrees with experimental measurements to within 0.3 eV, including the band-gap of ZnO, the ionization potential of O and Zn, and the atomization energy of O$_2$, ZnO dimer, and wurtzite ZnO. DMC predicts the oxygen vacancy as a deep donor with a formation energy of 5.0(2) eV under O-rich conditions and thermodynamic transition levels located between 1.8 and 2.5 eV from the valence band maximum. Our DMC results indicate that the concentration of zinc interstitial and hydrogen impurities in ZnO should be low under n-type, and Zn- and H-rich conditions because these defects have formation energies above 1.4 eV under these conditions. Comparison of DMC and hybrid functionals shows that these DFT approximations can be parameterized to yield a general correct qualitative description of ZnO. However, the formation energy of defects in ZnO evaluated with DMC and hybrid functionals can differ by more than 0.5 eV.
description: 43 pages, 10 figures
title: Körperdarstellungen und Beschreibungen physischer Existenzformen in Hartmanns von Aue "Erec"
Creators: name: Hajek, Anne Linnea
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema der Körperbeschreibungen und der Beschreibungen anderer physischer Existenzformen in Hartmanns von Aue Erec. Illustriert werden nicht nur die verschiedenen Funktionen, die die Körperdarstellungen der Hauptfiguren Erec und Enite sowie deren Pferde und einiger weiterer Figuren wie Guivreiz, Keie und Mabonagrin erfüllen, sondern es wird auch auf die vielfältigen Darstellungen von körpernahen Objekten und deren Bedeutung für die Figurencharakterisierung eingegangen. Wichtige Angelpunkte stellen im Laufe der Arbeit die Perspektiven und Sichtweisen der Figuren und der Erzählinstanz dar, aus denen heraus die Körper- und Objektbeschreibungen vorgenommen werden. Das Ergebnis der Arbeit präsentiert sich schließlich als ein Überblick über das komplexe Kontinuum der Beschreibung physischer Existenzzustände in Hartmanns Erec.
description: The present work deals with the topic of body descriptions and descriptions of other physical forms of existence in Hartmann's von Aue Erec. Not only are illustrated the different functions that are fulfilled by the body representations of the main characters Erec and Enite, as well as her horses and some other characters such as Guivreiz, Keie and Mabonagrin, but also the diverse representations of objects close to the body and their importance for the characterization of the dramatis personae are also discussed. In the course of the work, important pivotal points are the perspectives and points of view of the characters and the narrative authority, from which the body and object descriptions are made. The result of the work finally presents itself as an overview of the complex continuum of the description of physical states of existence in Hartmann's Erec.
Stable dilute supersolid of two-dimensional dipolar bosons
Creators: name: Lu, Zhen-Kai
name: Li, Yun
name: Petrov, D. S.
name: Shlyapnikov, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two-dimensional bosonic dipoles oriented perpendicularly to the plane. On top of the usual two-body contact and long-range dipolar interactions we add a contact three-body repulsion as expected, in particular, for dipoles in the bilayer geometry with tunneling. The three-body repulsion is crucial for stabilizing the system, and we show that our model allows for stable continuous space supersolid states in the dilute regime and calculate the zero-temperature phase diagram.
description: revised version, 5 pages, 2 figures, with 3 pages supplementary material
A mechanically durable induction heating coating with desirable anti-/de-icing performance
Creators: name: Liu, Yahua
name: Sun, Haojie
name: Song, Xueguan
name: Liu, Cong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The anti-/de-icing technology based on induction heating offers significant advantages regarding fast heating, high efficiency, safety and environmental protection. However, the reported methods require the modification of base materials, which lacks universal applicability. Here, a universal and facile anti-/de-icing method is proposed based on induction heating. The durable induction heating coating was prepared by one-step spin coating with micron-sized nickel powder, epoxy resin and silicone resin. The induction heating ability of this coating was investigated by adjusting the proportion of composition, particle size and thickness. An optimal induction heating ability was achieved with the mass ratio of nickel powder and resin, particle size of nickel powder and coating thickness being 1.5, 7 μm and 1070 μm, respectively. We further show this coating can be applied for anti-/de-icing, demonstrated by its excellent de-/anti-icing performances. Finally, the mechanical durability of the coating was verified by the tape peel and sandpaper friction.
title: Die Ausstattung von Hofdamen im 16.-18. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Schiffer, Nathalie Denise
Year: 2022

description: Spätestens ab der Frühen Neuzeit war es in Adelskreisen üblich, Töchter als Hofdamen an Fürsten-, Königs- und Kaiserhöfe zu schicken, damit sie dort den gesellschaftlichen Feinschliff erhielten und auf dem Heiratsmarkt sichtbar waren. Es gibt bereits einiges an Forschung, die sich mit dem Leben der Hofdamen im Allgemeinen befasst, wobei Bereiche wie Kleidung und Alltagsgegenstände eher Nebensache betrachtet werden. Die Masterarbeit untersucht den materiellen Hintergrund, konkret die Ausstattung, die den jungen Damen mitgeben wurde, und den finanziellen Aufwand, der damit verbunden war. Anhand von vier Hofdamen aus der Zeit vom 16. bis ins 18. Jahrhundert werden Inventare, Briefe und andere Dokumente zu tiefergehenden Analysen herangezogen. Trotz der rein textlichen Natur der Archivalien werden dabei nicht nur die materiellen und quantifizierbaren Aspekte erfasst, sondern vor allem auch kostümgeschichtliche Erkenntnisse gewonnen. Die materielle Kulturforschung auf der Basis von schriftlichen Quellen stößt jedoch immer wieder an die Grenzen ihrer Interpretationsfähigkeiten oder -möglichkeiten, nicht zuletzt aufgrund von zeitspezfischen und/oder regionalen Terminologien, die in Vergessenheit geraten sind, und von Gegenständen, die es heute nicht mehr gibt oder deren Funktionalität von anderen Objekten übernommen wur-de. Dennoch bietet die Textanalyse eine Fülle von Erkenntnissen, besonders wenn keine Bild-quellen oder Objekte vorhanden sind. Berücksichtigt werden in der Masterarbeit auch die Beziehungen der Hofdamen zu ihren Familien, ihre monetären Abhängigkeiten und ihre repräsentativen Verpflichtungen, welche die Art der Ausstattung wesentlich bestimmten.
DEVELOPMENT OF A VIRTUAL RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT FOR NOISE MAP VISUALIZATION AND DATA PROCESSING IN THE NORTH-EAST ATLANTIC REGION
Creators: name: Diaz, Jose Antonio
name: Delory, Eric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Virtual Research Environment, Science Gateway, Biodiversity, Noise maps, Risk maps, Jupyter notebooks, Python

description: As part of the JONAS (Joint Framework for Ocean Noise in the Atlantic Seas) project, PLOCAN will develop a Virtual Research Environment (VRE) for the capitalization (gathering) of the results generated by the different Work Packages. Among these results, we will find the noise and species maps. These maps need to be gathered at a computing facility, for processing and display as required by the stakeholders. Also, it is required the processing of acoustic data to generate different metrics. The area of study for the JONAS project comprises the North-East-Atlantic region. There are six areas of special importance to the project which are designated Jonas 1 to 6 and shown in the same figure. Theses areas are: 1- Ireland-West of England-. 2- East of France. 3- The Azores. 4- Canary Islands. 5- South of Portugal. 6- North of Spain. These areas are studied in greater detail (higher resolution) in the
 project. In this poster we will describe the main steps incurred in creating the JONAS VRE.
Determining Neutron Star Properties by Fitting Oblate-Star Waveforms To X-ray Burst Oscillations
Creators: name: Miller, M. Coleman
name: Lamb, Frederick K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe sophisticated new Bayesian analysis methods that make it possible to estimate quickly the masses and radii of rapidly rotating, oblate neutron stars by fitting oblate-star waveform models to energy-resolved observations of the X-ray oscillations produced by a hot spot on such stars. We conclude that models that take the oblate shape of the star into account should be used for stars with large radii and rotation rates $>300$ Hz. We find that a 25% variation of the temperature of the hot spot with latitude does not significantly bias estimates of the mass $M$ and equatorial radius $R_{\rm eq}$ derived by fitting a model that assumes a uniform-temperature spot. Our results show that fits of oblate-star waveform models to waveform data can simultaneously determine $M$ and $R_{\rm eq}$ with uncertainties $\lesssim\,$7% if (1) the star's rotation rate is $\gtrsim\,$$600$ Hz; (2) the spot center and observer's sightline are both within $30^\circ$ of the star's rotational equator; (3) the oscillations have a fractional rms amplitude $\gtrsim\,$10%; and (4) $\gtrsim$$10^7$ counts are collected from the star. This is a realistic fractional amplitude, and this many counts could be obtained from a single star by the accepted NICER and proposed LOFT and AXTAR space missions by combining data from many X-ray bursts. These uncertainties are small enough to improve substantially our understanding of cold, ultradense matter.
description: 46 pages, 5 figures, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 1 of Exploring active ingredients and function mechanisms of Ephedra-bitter almond for prevention and treatment of Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on network pharmacology
Creators: name: Gao, Kai
name: Song, Yan-Ping
name: Song, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Basic information and network topology parameter values of 47 potentially active compounds obtained by ADME screening. Table S2. The information and network topology parameter values of 178 potential targets of ephedra-bitter almond against COVID-19. Table S3. GO enrichment analysis. Table S4. KEGG enrichment analysis.
Integrability of dominated decompositions on three-dimensional manifolds
Creators: name: Luzzatto, Stefano
name: Tureli, Sina
name: War, Khadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the integrability of 2-dimensional invariant distributions (tangent sub-bundles) which arise naturally in the context of dynamical systems on 3-manifolds. In particular we prove unique integrability of dynamically dominated and volume dominated Lipschitz continuous invariant decompositions as well as distributions with some other regularity conditions.
description: 15 pages
title: European integration without crisis?
Creators: name: Schilhan, Aaron Timo Amir
Year: 2022

description: In den letzten Jahren hat sich der Prozess der europäischen Integration im Bereich des Cyber-Krisenmanagements beschleunigt. Die Europäische Union (EU) hat eine Vielzahl von Agenturen, Kooperationsstrukturen und Krisenmanagementmechanismen eingerichtet, um mit dem grenzüberschreitenden Charakter moderner Krisen umzugehen. Neofunktionalistische und liberale intergouvernementalistische Ansätze setzen zunehmend auf die Krise als Katalysator für institutionellen Wandel. Bislang hat es jedoch noch nie einen großflächigen Vorfall im Bereich der Cybersicherheit gegeben, welcher der Definition einer Cyberkrise entspricht. In dieser Arbeit wird die europäische Integration im Bereich des Cyber-Krisenmanagements nachgezeichnet, indem der diskursive Institutionalismus (DI) angewandt wird, um die europäische Integration in Abwesenheit einer Cyberkriese zu erklären. Durch die Etablierung eines kausalen Mechanismus, der auf den Diskursen der Versicherheitlichung, Konvergenz und Abschreckung basiert, wird die Integrationsdynamik nachgezeichnet, die zum bestehenden EU-Cyberkrisenmanagement-Regime (CCMR) geführt hat. Durch die Untersuchung der "EU-Cybersicherheitsstrategie", der "NIS-Richtlinie", des "Blueprints" und der "Toolbox für Cyberdiplomatie " wird diese Arbeit zeigen, dass ein philosophischer Diskurs der Versicherheitlichung die europäische Integration einleitete, die dann durch programmatische Diskurse über Konvergenz und Abschreckung und unvollständige institutionelle Reformen, aufgrund widersprüchlicher nationaler und supranationaler Diskurse und unvereinbarer kognitiver und normativer Ideen vorangetrieben wurde.
description: In recent years an accelerated process of European integration in the field of cyber crisis management can be constituted. The European Union (EU) has established a great number of agencies, cooperation structures and crisis management mechanisms to deal with the transboundary nature of modern crisis. Neofunctionalist and liberal intergovernmentalist approaches are increasingly relying on crisis as a catalyst for institutional change. However, to date there has never been a large-scale cybersecurity incident that holds to the definition of a cyber crisis. This thesis will trace European integration in the field of cyber crisis management by applying discursive institutionalism (DI) to explain European integration in the absence of crises. By establishing a causal mechanism based on the discourses of securitisation, convergence and deterrence, the integration dynamics will be traced that led to the existing EU cyber crisis management regime (CCMR). By examining the ‘EU Cybersecurity Strategy’, the ‘NIS Directive’, the ‘Blueprint’ and the ‘Cyber Diplomacy Toolbox’ this thesis will show that a philosophical discourse of securitisation initiated European integration, which was then driven by programmatic discourses on convergence and deterrence, and incomplete institutional reform due to conflicting national and supranational discourses and incompatible cognitive and normative ideas.
title: Evaluation des Programmes Studieren Probieren mit Fokus auf Teilnehmende
Creators: name: Kolb, Regina Monika
Year: 2022

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit geht es um die Evaluation des Programmes Studieren Probieren von der Maturant_innenberatung der Österreichischen Hochschüler_innenschaft. Studieren Probieren ist ein Teil vom Beratungsangebot 18plus und ermöglicht Studieninteressierten einen Einblick in den universitären Alltag. Ziel dieser Studie war es zu untersuchen, ob Studieren Probieren eine Hilfestellung bei der Studienwahl ist. Studieren Probieren wurde anhand des vier-Ebenen Modells von Kirkpatrick mithilfe eines selbsterstellten Fragebogens evaluiert. Um zu überprüfen, ob es einen Zusammenhang zwischen den drei Ebenen (Reaktion, Lernen und Verhalten) und den Berufswahlkompetenzen des 18plusWEGWEISERs gibt, wurde der Fragebogen 18plusWEGWEISER vorgegeben. Die endgültige Stichprobe umfasste 165 Personen. Das Durchschnittalter der Teilnehmenden betrug 20.69 Jahre (SD = 7.42), 75.8 % waren Frauen und 21.2 % Männer. Anhand der Häufigkeiten der Antworten konnte gezeigt werden, dass Studieren Probieren eine Hilfestellung ist und die Teilnehmenden zufrieden sind. Es gab kein eindeutiges Bild, dass das Verhalten in Bezug auf die Studienwahl verändert wurde. Zudem zeigte sich, dass Personen, die zufriedener mit Studieren Probieren waren eine Erhöhung ihres Wissens und ihrer Fähigkeiten bezüglich der Studienwahl erzielten. Allerdings kam es zu keiner Verhaltensveränderung bzgl. der Studienwahl, wenn ein Wissenszuwachs und die Zufriedenheit vorhanden waren. Des Weiteren konnte einen Zusammenhang zwischen dem Empfinden von Zufriedenheit und Nützlichkeit, einem Lerneffekt und den Berufswahlkompetenzen gefunden werden. Zusammenfassend kann gesagt werden, dass Studieren Probieren das Ziel, eine Hilfestellung bei der Studienwahl zu sein, erreicht. Weiter Evaluationen sollten eine Kontrollgruppe und eine Prä-Post-Erhebung umfassen.
Smooth halos in the cosmic web
Creators: name: Gaite, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85A40 (Primary), 37M05, 28A80 (Secondary)

description: Dark matter halos can be defined as smooth distributions of dark matter placed in a non-smooth cosmic web structure. This definition of halos demands a precise definition of smoothness and a characterization of the manner in which the transition from smooth halos to the cosmic web takes place. We introduce entropic measures of smoothness, related to measures of inequality previously used in economy and with the advantage of being connected with standard methods of multifractal analysis already used for characterizing the cosmic web structure in cold dark matter N-body simulations. These entropic measures provide us with a quantitative description of the transition from the small scales portrayed as a distribution of halos to the larger scales portrayed as a cosmic web and, therefore, allow us to assign definite sizes to halos. However, these "smoothness sizes" have no direct relation to the virial radii. Finally, we discuss the influence of N-body discreteness parameters on smoothness.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, JCAP style; triaxial halos analyzed, references added, accepted in JCAP
title: Die frühen Reiseberichte der Journalistin Alice Schalek aus einer postkolonial-literaturwissenschaftlichen Perspektive
Creators: name: Wiesflecker, Julia
Year: 2022

description: Diese Arbeit betrachtet frühe Reisberichte der Journalistin Alice Schalek (1874–1956) aus einer postkolonial-literaturwissenschaftlichen Perspektive. Anhand der zentralen Forschungsfragen – „Mit welchen narrativen Mitteln wird ‚das Andere‘ in Alice Schaleks Reiseberichten konstruiert?“ und „Entlang welcher Kategorien entstehen Differenzmuster zwischen Europäer*innen, Oriental*innen sowie zwischen Geschlechtern in Alice Schaleks Reiseberichten?“ – werden die Texte des Untersuchungskorpus nach Aspekten untersucht, die in der postkolonialen (Literatur-)Wissenschaft immer wieder vorkommen und anhand derer ein breites Spektrum an postkolonialen, gender- und queertheoretischen sowie literaturwissenschaftlichen Überlegungen abgedeckt wird. Die vordergründige Methode, die für die Analyse des Untersuchungskorpus entlang der Forschungsfragen angewandt wird, ist die der postkolonialen Literaturkritik. Durch die Arbeit wird ein umfassender und kritischer Blick auf die Texte des Untersuchungskorpus ermöglicht. Außerdem wird dargestellt, in welcher Art und Weise Alice Schaleks frühe Reiseberichte zur Konstruktion kultureller Wahrnehmungsmuster und Wertehierarchien beitragen.
description: This paper examines early travel reports written by the journalist Alice Schalek (1874–1956) from postcolonial-and literary studies points of view. Based on the central research questions – ‘Which narrative means does Alice Schalek use to construct the other in her travel reports?’ and ‘Along which categories differences occur between Europeans, Orientals and genders in Alice Schalek’s travel reports?’- her early travel reports are examined for aspects that occur frequently in postcolonial (literary) studies and cover a wide range of postcolonial, gender and queer theories as well as aspects of literary studies. Postcolonial literary critics is the main method used to answer the research questions. This paper provides a comprehensive and critical view on Schalek’s early travel reports and shows how they contribute to the construction of patterns of perceptions as well as value hierarchy.
title: Development of Large-Scale Pseudo-3D Shear Wave Velocity Models at the Garner Valley Downhole Array Site
Creators: name: Corey, Isabella
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: In order to design structures that can withstand anticipated earthquake loads, it is first necessary to understand the behavior of the subsurface when subjected to ground motions. To achieve this, different models and approaches have been proposed in recent decades, each with the aim of estimating how site-specific stratigraphy can amplify and/or scatter seismic waves. All of these methods require, to varying extents, information about the types of soil layers, their thickness, their stiffnesses (represented by a shear wave velocity profile), and lateral variability across the site. This last characteristic is often both difficult and costly to determine. Past research has shown that excluding lateral variability within a model leads to predictions that differ greatly from actual recordings when applying one-dimensional ground response analysis.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze a cost-effective approach to incorporate spatial variability in soil stratigraphy by using only one invasively-measured shear wave velocity profile and recordings of ambient noise from numerous receivers distributed on the surface. These receivers aid in the identification of soil column heterogeneity by indicating changes in the fundamental frequency (i.e., the lowest resonant frequency) of a given area with only a few minutes of three-component (two horizontal, one vertical) ambient noise recorded. Once a pseudo-3D shear wave velocity model has been composed, future numerical wave propagation studies can apply the model to better correlate and correct theoretical results to empirical ground motion recordings.