cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Shear-rate dependent transport coefficients in granular suspensions
Creators: name: Garzó, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent model for monodisperse granular suspensions is used to analyze transport properties in spatially inhomogeneous states close to the simple (or uniform) shear flow. The kinetic equation is based on the inelastic Boltzmann (for low density gases) with the presence of a viscous drag force that models the influence of the interstitial gas phase on the dynamics of grains. A normal solution is obtained via a Chapman-Enskog-like expansion around a (local) shear flow distribution which retains all the hydrodynamic orders in the shear rate. To first-order in the expansion, the transport coefficients characterizing momentum and heat transport around shear flow are given in terms of the solutions of a set of coupled linear integral equations which are approximately solved by using a kinetic model of the Boltzmann equation. To simplify the analysis, the steady-state conditions when viscous heating is compensated by the cooling terms arising from viscous friction and collisional dissipation are considered to get the explicit forms of the set of generalized transport coefficients. The shear-rate dependence of some of the transport coefficients of the set is illustrated for several values of the coefficient of restitution.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures. Some of the figures have been slightly changed with respect to the previous ones. To be published in Phys. Rev. E
Jana Altmanova, Michela Murano, Chiara Preite, Le lexique de la pandémie et ses variantes, « Repères-DoRiF »
Creators: name: Terracciano, Annette
Publisher: name: Annali - Sezione Romanza
Year: 2024

description: -
description: Annali - Sezione Romanza, V. 65 N. 1 (2023): ANNALI - sezione romanza
Flat bands in lattices with non-Hermitian coupling
Creators: name: Leykam, Daniel
name: Flach, Sergej
name: Chong, Y. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-Hermitian photonic lattices that exhibit competition between conservative and non-Hermitian (gain/loss) couplings. A bipartite sublattice symmetry enforces the existence of non-Hermitian flat bands, which are typically embedded in an auxiliary dispersive band and give rise to non-diffracting "compact localized states". Band crossings take the form of non-Hermitian degeneracies known as exceptional points. Excitations of the lattice can produce either diffracting or amplifying behaviors. If the non-Hermitian coupling is fine-tuned to generate an effective $π$ flux, the lattice spectrum becomes completely flat, a non-Hermitian analogue of Aharonov-Bohm caging in which the magnetic field is replaced by balanced gain and loss. When the effective flux is zero, the non-Hermitian band crossing points give rise to asymmetric diffraction and anomalous linear amplification.
description: Revised manuscript. 8 pages, 5 figures
Break-out Sessie Notulen van het CS-NL Netwerk Dag
Creators: name: Gold, Margaret
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: De allereerste netwerkmeeting van Citizen Science Nederland vond plaats op woensdag 7 december 2022 in de Social Impact Factory in Utrecht. Iedereen die zich bezighoudt met Citizen Science - van burgerwetenschappers en lokale organisaties tot onderzoekers en beleidsmedewerkers - was welkom. Elkaar leren kennen stond centraal bij deze meeting, maar daarnaast zijn wij begonnen om het nieuwe netwerk vorm te geven "by the community, for the community". Dit document bevat de aantekeningen die tijdens de breakout-sessies zijn gemaakt Na het plenaire gedeelte van het dagprogramma waren er drie verschillende break-out sessies rondes om met iedereen aanwezig in discussie te gaan over de volgende onderwerpen: Wat hebben wij nodig voor Citizen Science in NL? Financiering Gelijkwaardige samenwerkingen Citizen Science & beleid De Waarde van Citizen Science English-language session covering all sub-topics Hoe gaan we door met het CS-NL Netwerk? Ontwerp CS-NL Platform Werkgroepen & evenementen Spontane sessie
Silicene on Ag(111): an honeycomb lattice without Dirac bands
Creators: name: Mahatha, Sanjoy Kr.
name: Moras, Paolo
name: Bellini, Valerio
name: Sheverdyaeva, Polina M.
name: Struzzi, Claudia
name: Petaccia, Luca
name: Carbone, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of (4x4) silicene formation on Ag(111) raised the question on whether silicene maintains its Dirac fermion character, similar to graphene, on a supporting substrate. Previous photoemission studies indicated that the π-band forms Dirac cones near the Fermi energy, while theoretical investigations found it shifted at deeper binding energy. By means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations we show instead that the π-symmetry states lose their local character and the Dirac cone fades out. The formation of an interface state of free-electron-like Ag origin is found to account for spectral features that were theoretically and experimentally attributed to silicene bands of π-character.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
(Non)-universality of vortex reconnections in superfluids
Creators: name: Villois, Alberto
name: Krstulovic, Giorgio
name: Proment, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An insight into vortex reconnections in superfluids is presented making use of analytical results and numerical simulations of the Gross--Pitaevskii model. Universal aspects of the reconnection process are investigated by considering different initial vortex configurations and making use of a recently developed tracking algorithm to reconstruct the vortex filaments. We show that during a reconnection event the vortex lines approach and separate always accordingly to the time scaling $ δ\sim t^{1/2} $ with pre-factors that depend on the vortex configuration. We also investigate the behavior of curvature and torsion close to the reconnection point, demonstrating analytically that the curvature can exhibit a self-similar behavior that might be broken by the development of shock-like structures in the torsion.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
ConditionNET: Learning Preconditions and Effects for Execution Monitoring
Creators: name: Sliwowski, Daniel
name: Lee, Dongheui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The introduction of robots into everyday scenarios necessitates algorithms capable of monitoring the execution of tasks. In this paper, we propose ConditionNET, an approach for learning the preconditions and effects of actions in a fully data-driven manner. We develop an efficient vision-language model and introduce additional optimization objectives during training to optimize for consistent feature representations. ConditionNET explicitly models the dependencies between actions, preconditions, and effects, leading to improved performance. We evaluate our model on two robotic datasets, one of which we collected for this paper, containing 406 successful and 138 failed teleoperated demonstrations of a Franka Emika Panda robot performing tasks like pouring and cleaning the counter. We show in our experiments that ConditionNET outperforms all baselines on both anomaly detection and phase prediction tasks. Furthermore, we implement an action monitoring system on a real robot to demonstrate the practical applicability of the learned preconditions and effects. Our results highlight the potential of ConditionNET for enhancing the reliability and adaptability of robots in real-world environments. The data is available on the project website: https://dsliwowski1.github.io/ConditionNET_page.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Tuning friction with composite hierarchical surfaces
Creators: name: Costagliola, Gianluca
name: Bosia, Federico
name: Pugno, Nicola M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Macroscopic friction coefficients observed in experiments are the result of various types of complex multiscale interactions between sliding surfaces. Therefore, there are several ways to modify them depending on the physical phenomena involved. Recently, it has been demonstrated that surface structure, e.g. artificial patterning, can be used to tune frictional properties. In this paper, we show how the global friction coefficients can also be manipulated using composite surfaces with varying roughness or stiffness values, i.e. by combining geometrical features with the modification of local friction coefficients or stiffnesses. We show that a remarkable reduction of static friction can be achieved by introducing hierarchical arrangements of varying local roughness values, or by introducing controlled material stiffness variations.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Calorons, monopoles and stable, charged solitons
Creators: name: Faber, Manfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the similarity of the constituent monopoles of calorons and stable topological solitons with long range Coulombic interaction, classical solutions of the model of topological particles. In the interpretation as electric charges they can be compared to electrons and positrons with spin up and down, with quantised charge and finite mass.
Absence of Landau damping in driven three-component Bose-Einstein condensate in optical lattices
Creators: name: Shchedrin, Gavriil
name: Jaschke, Daniel
name: Carr, Lincoln D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the quantum many-body physics of a three-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in an optical lattices driven by laser fields in $V$ and $Λ$ configurations. We obtain exact analytical expressions for the energy spectrum and amplitudes of elementary excitations, and discover symmetries among them. We demonstrate that the applied laser fields induce a gap in the otherwise gapless Bogoliubov spectrum. We find that Landau damping of the collective modes above the energy of the gap is carried by laser-induced roton modes and is considerably suppressed compared to the phonon-mediated damping endemic to undriven scalar BECs.
Charged Thin-shell Gravastars in Noncommutative Geometry
Creators: name: Övgün, Ali
name: Banerjee, Ayan
name: Jusufi, Kimet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we construct a charged thin-shell gravastar model within the context of noncommutative geometry. To do so, we choose the interior of the nonsingular de Sitter spacetime with an exterior charged noncommutative solution by cut-and-paste technique and apply the generalized junction conditions. We then investigate the stability of a charged thin-shell gravastar under linear perturbations around the static equilibrium solutions as well as the thermodynamical stability of the charged gravastar. We find the stability regions by choosing appropriate parameter values which is located sufficiently close to the event horizon.
description: 8 pages, twocolumn, Accepted in EPJC for publication
Measuring the electron neutrino mass with improved sensitivity: the HOLMES experiment
Creators: name: Giachero, A.
name: Alpert, B.
name: Becker, D.
name: Bennett, D.
name: Biasotti, M.
name: Brofferio, C.
name: Ceriale, V.
name: Ceruti, G.
name: Corsini, D.
name: Day, P.
name: De Gerone, M.
name: Dressler, R.
name: Faverzani, M.
name: Ferri, E.
name: Fowler, J.
name: Fumagalli, E.
name: Gallucci, G.
name: Gard, J.
name: Hays-Wehle, F. Gatti J.
name: Heinitz, S.
name: Hilton, G.
name: Koester, U.
name: Lusignoli, M.
name: Mates, J.
name: Nisi, S.
name: Nucciotti, A.
name: Orlando, A.
name: Parodi, L.
name: Pessina, G.
name: Pizzigoni, G.
name: Puiu, A.
name: Ragazzi, S.
name: Reintsema, C.
name: Ribeiro-Gomes, M.
name: Schmidt, D.
name: Schumann, D.
name: Siccardi, F.
name: Sisti, M.
name: Swetz, D.
name: Terranova, F.
name: Ullom, J.
name: Vale, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HOLMES is a new experiment aiming at directly measuring the neutrino mass with a sensitivity below 2 eV. HOLMES will perform a calorimetric measurement of the energy released in the decay of $^{163}$Ho. The calorimetric measurement eliminates systematic uncertainties arising from the use of external beta sources, as in experiments with spectrometers. This measurement was proposed in 1982 by A. De Rujula and M. Lusignoli, but only recently the detector technological progress has allowed to design a sensitive experiment. HOLMES will deploy a large array of low temperature microcalorimeters with implanted $^{163}$Ho nuclei. HOLMES, besides being an important step forward in the direct neutrino mass measurement with a calorimetric approach, will also establish the potential of this approach to extend the sensitivity down to 0.1 eV and lower. In its final configuration HOLMES will collect about $3\cdot 10^{13}$ decays with 1000 detectors characterized by an instrumental energy resolution of the order of few eV and a time resolution of few microseconds. To embed the $^{163}$Ho into the gold absorbers a custom mass separator ion implanter is being developed. The detectors used for the HOLMES experiment will be Mo/Cu bilayers TESs (Transition Edge Sensors) on SiN$_x$ membrane with gold absorbers. Microwave multiplexed rf-SQUIDs are the best available technique to read out large array of such detectors. An extensive R&D activity is in progress in order to maximize the multiplexing factor while preserving the performances of the individual detectors. The current activities are focused on the the single detector performances optimization and on the $^{163}$Ho isotope production and embedding. A preliminary measurement of a sub-array of $4\times 16$ detectors is planned late in 2017. In this contribution we present the HOLMES project with its technical challenges, its status and perspectives.
Sozialhilferechtliche Beschäftigungsverhältnisse. zwischen Subsidiarität, Gegenleistung und Zumutbarkeit. Analyse der schweizerischen Praxis aus verfassungs- und völkerrechtlicher Sicht
Creators: name: Studer, Melanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: kein Abstract verfügbar
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_88321 + Art des Beitrages: Dissertation + Name der Universität / Institution inkl. Ort: Universität Basel + Land der Universität / Institution: Schweiz + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2023-09-11 09:50:05
A Quic(k) Security Overview: A Literature Research on Implemented Security Recommendations
Creators: name: Tatschner, Stefan
name: Peters, Sebastian N.
name: Emeis, David
name: Morris, John
name: Newe, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Built on top of UDP, the relatively new QUIC protocol serves as the baseline for modern web protocol stacks. Equipped with a rich feature set, the protocol is defined by a 151 pages strong IETF standard complemented by several additional documents. Enabling fast updates and feature iteration, most QUIC implementations are implemented as user space libraries leading to a large and fragmented ecosystem. This work addresses the research question, "if a complex standard with a large number of different implementations leads to an insecure ecosystem?". The relevant RFC documents were studied and "Security Consideration" items describing conceptional problems were extracted. During the research, 13 popular production ready QUIC implementations were compared by evaluating 10 security considerations from RFC9000. While related studies mostly focused on the functional part of QUIC, this study confirms that available QUIC implementations are not yet mature enough from a security point of view.
description: to be published in: ARES 2023: The 18th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security, Benevento, Italy, August 2023
Revisiting the Abraham-Minkowski Dilemma
Creators: name: Silveirinha, Mario G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, the Abraham-Minkowski controversy on the correct definition of the light momentum in a macroscopic medium is revisited with the purpose to highlight that an effective medium formalism necessarily restricts the available information on the internal state of a system, and that this is ultimately the reason why the dilemma has no universal solution. Despite these difficulties, it is demonstrated that in the limit of no material absorption and under steady-state conditions, the time-averaged light (kinetic) momentum may be unambiguously determined by the Abraham result, both for bodies at rest and for circulatory flows of matter. The implications of these findings are discussed in the context of quantum optics of moving media, and we examine in detail the fundamental role of the Minkowski momentum in such a context.
description: 34 pages, under review
Monopole and Polyakov loop
Creators: name: Iwazaki, Aiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new order parameter of a $Z_N$ symmetry in SU(N) gauge theories in $4$ dimensional Minkowski space-time, assuming spatial periodic boundary conditions. It is given by $Tr(P\exp(i\int_c A_μdx^μ))$ where the spatial path $c$ is taken, for example, along $x_1$ axis. The parameter vanishes when the $Z_N$ symmetry is preserved. We calculate the contribution of QCD monopoles to the order parameter and show that when the monopoles condense $\langleΦ\rangle\neq 0$, it vanishes, while it does not vanish when they do not condense. These calculations are performed using a monopole field $Φ$ canonically quantized in a model of dual superconductor.
description: 7 pages, no figures
Comparing Algorithm Selection Approaches on Black-Box Optimization Problems
Creators: name: Kostovska, Ana
name: Jankovic, Anja
name: Vermetten, Diederick
name: Džeroski, Sašo
name: Eftimov, Tome
name: Doerr, Carola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Performance complementarity of solvers available to tackle black-box optimization problems gives rise to the important task of algorithm selection (AS). Automated AS approaches can help replace tedious and labor-intensive manual selection, and have already shown promising performance in various optimization domains. Automated AS relies on machine learning (ML) techniques to recommend the best algorithm given the information about the problem instance. Unfortunately, there are no clear guidelines for choosing the most appropriate one from a variety of ML techniques. Tree-based models such as Random Forest or XGBoost have consistently demonstrated outstanding performance for automated AS. Transformers and other tabular deep learning models have also been increasingly applied in this context. We investigate in this work the impact of the choice of the ML technique on AS performance. We compare four ML models on the task of predicting the best solver for the BBOB problems for 7 different runtime budgets in 2 dimensions. While our results confirm that a per-instance AS has indeed impressive potential, we also show that the particular choice of the ML technique is of much minor importance.
description: To appear in the Companion Proceedings of GECCO 2023 as poster paper
Unscented Optimal Control for 3D Coverage Planning with an Autonomous UAV Agent
Creators: name: Papaioannou, Savvas
name: Kolios, Panayiotis
name: Theocharides, Theocharis
name: Panayiotou, Christos G.
name: Polycarpou, Marios M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We propose a novel probabilistically robust controller for the guidance of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in coverage planning missions, which can simultaneously optimize both the UAV's motion, and camera control inputs for the 3D coverage of a given object of interest. Specifically, the coverage planning problem is formulated in this work as an optimal control problem with logical constraints to enable the UAV agent to jointly: a) select a series of discrete camera field-of-view states which satisfy a set of coverage constraints, and b) optimize its motion control inputs according to a specified mission objective. We show how this hybrid optimal control problem can be solved with standard optimization tools by converting the logical expressions in the constraints into equality/inequality constraints involving only continuous variables. Finally, probabilistic robustness is achieved by integrating the unscented transformation to the proposed controller, thus enabling the design of robust open-loop coverage plans which take into account the future posterior distribution of the UAV's state inside the planning horizon.
description: 2023 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS)
Outcome-based Evaluation of Systematic Review Automation
Creators: name: Kusa, Wojciech
name: Zuccon, Guido
name: Knoth, Petr
name: Hanbury, Allan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current methods of evaluating search strategies and automated citation screening for systematic literature reviews typically rely on counting the number of relevant and not relevant publications. This established practice, however, does not accurately reflect the reality of conducting a systematic review, because not all included publications have the same influence on the final outcome of the systematic review. More specifically, if an important publication gets excluded or included, this might significantly change the overall review outcome, while not including or excluding less influential studies may only have a limited impact. However, in terms of evaluation measures, all inclusion and exclusion decisions are treated equally and, therefore, failing to retrieve publications with little to no impact on the review outcome leads to the same decrease in recall as failing to retrieve crucial publications. We propose a new evaluation framework that takes into account the impact of the reported study on the overall systematic review outcome. We demonstrate the framework by extracting review meta-analysis data and estimating outcome effects using predictions from ranking runs on systematic reviews of interventions from CLEF TAR 2019 shared task. We further measure how closely the obtained outcomes are to the outcomes of the original review if the arbitrary rankings were used. We evaluate 74 runs using the proposed framework and compare the results with those obtained using standard IR measures. We find that accounting for the difference in review outcomes leads to a different assessment of the quality of a system than if traditional evaluation measures were used. Our analysis provides new insights into the evaluation of retrieval results in the context of systematic review automation, emphasising the importance of assessing the usefulness of each document beyond binary relevance.
description: Accepted at ICTIR2023
$Υ$ and $ψ$ leptonic decays as probes of solutions to the $R_D^{(*)}$ puzzle
Creators: name: Aloni, Daniel
name: Efrati, Aielet
name: Grossman, Yuval
name: Nir, Yosef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental measurements of the ratios $R(D^{(*)})\equiv\frac{Γ(B\to D^{(*)}τν)}{Γ(B\to D^{(*)}\ellν)}$ ($\ell=e,μ$) show a $3.9σ$ deviation from the Standard Model prediction. In the absence of light right-handed neutrinos, a new physics contribution to $b\to cτν$ decays necessarily modifies also $b\bar b\toτ^+τ^-$ and/or $c\bar c\toτ^+τ^-$ transitions. These contributions lead to violation of lepton flavor universality in, respectively, $Υ$ and $ψ$ leptonic decays. We analyze the constraints resulting from measurements of the leptonic vector-meson decays on solutions to the $R(D^{(*)})$ puzzle. Available data from BaBar and Belle can already disfavor some of the new physics explanations of this anomaly. Further discrimination can be made by measuring $Υ(1S,2S,3S)\toττ$ in the upcoming Belle II experiment.
description: Version published in JHEP, 17 pages, 7 figures
Spin-polarized tunneling into helical edge states: asymmetry and conductances
Creators: name: Aristov, D. N.
name: Niyazov, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider tunneling from the spin-polarized tip into the Luttinger liquid edge state of quantum spin Hall system. This problem arose in context of the spin and charge fractionalization of an injected electron. Renormalization of the dc conductances of the system is calculated in the fermionic approach and scattering states formalism. In lowest order of tunneling amplitude we confirm previous results for the scaling dependence of conductances. Going beyond the lowest order we show that interaction affects not only the total tunneling rate, but also the asymmetry of the injected current. The helical edge state forbids the backscattering, which leads to the possibility of two stable fixed points in renormalization group sense, in contrast to the Y-junction between the usual quantum wires.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Interaction-induced Bloch Oscillation in a Harmonically Trapped and Fermionized Quantum Gas in One Dimension
Creators: name: Yang, Lijun
name: Zhou, Lihong
name: Yi, Wei
name: Cui, Xiaoling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a recent experiment by F. Meinert et al, arxiv:1608.08200, we study the dynamics of an impurity moving in the background of a harmonically trapped one-dimensional Bose gas in the hard-core limit. We show that due to the hidden "lattice" structure of background bosons, the impurity effectively feels a quasi-periodic potential via impurity-boson interactions that can drive the Bloch oscillation under an external force, even in the absence of real lattice potentials. Meanwhile, the inhomogeneous density of trapped bosons imposes an additional harmonic potential to the impurity, resulting in a similar oscillation dynamics but with different periods and amplitudes. We show that the sign and the strength of impurity-boson coupling can significantly affect above two potentials so as to determine the impurity dynamics.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures;accepted version by PRA
Prediction of infectious disease epidemics via weighted density ensembles
Creators: name: Ray, Evan L.
name: Reich, Nicholas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate and reliable predictions of infectious disease dynamics can be valuable to public health organizations that plan interventions to decrease or prevent disease transmission. A great variety of models have been developed for this task, using different model structures, covariates, and targets for prediction. Experience has shown that the performance of these models varies; some tend to do better or worse in different seasons or at different points within a season. Ensemble methods combine multiple models to obtain a single prediction that leverages the strengths of each model. We considered a range of ensemble methods that each form a predictive density for a target of interest as a weighted sum of the predictive densities from component models. In the simplest case, equal weight is assigned to each component model; in the most complex case, the weights vary with the region, prediction target, week of the season when the predictions are made, a measure of component model uncertainty, and recent observations of disease incidence. We applied these methods to predict measures of influenza season timing and severity in the United States, both at the national and regional levels, using three component models. We trained the models on retrospective predictions from 14 seasons (1997/1998 - 2010/2011) and evaluated each model's prospective, out-of-sample performance in the five subsequent influenza seasons. In this test phase, the ensemble methods showed overall performance that was similar to the best of the component models, but offered more consistent performance across seasons than the component models. Ensemble methods offer the potential to deliver more reliable predictions to public health decision makers.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Polarimetric iToF: Measuring High-Fidelity Depth through Scattering Media
Creators: name: Jeon, Daniel S.
name: Meuleman, Andreas
name: Baek, Seung-Hwan
name: Kim, Min H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Indirect time-of-flight (iToF) imaging allows us to capture dense depth information at a low cost. However, iToF imaging often suffers from multipath interference (MPI) artifacts in the presence of scattering media, resulting in severe depth-accuracy degradation. For instance, iToF cameras cannot measure depth accurately through fog because ToF active illumination scatters back to the sensor before reaching the farther target surface. In this work, we propose a polarimetric iToF imaging method that can capture depth information robustly through scattering media. Our observations on the principle of indirect ToF imaging and polarization of light allow us to formulate a novel computational model of scattering-aware polarimetric phase measurements that enables us to correct MPI errors. We first devise a scattering-aware polarimetric iToF model that can estimate the phase of unpolarized backscattered light. We then combine the optical filtering of polarization and our computational modeling of unpolarized backscattered light via scattering analysis of phase and amplitude. This allows us to tackle the MPI problem by estimating the scattering energy through the participating media. We validate our method on an experimental setup using a customized off-the-shelf iToF camera. Our method outperforms baseline methods by a significant margin by means of our scattering model and polarimetric phase measurements.
Improving knowledge of the acoustic factors involved in railway noise annoyance: first results of a pilot field survey of sixty-two local residents
Creators: name: Sineau, Matthieu
name: Hellot, Manuel
name: Mafféïs, Robin
name: Mietlicki, Fanny
name: Motio, Laure
name: Evrard, Anne-Sophie
name: Regairaz, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Railway transportation contributes to the objectives of decarbonization but also generates negative externalities, including noise. Energy noise indicators used to characterize population exposure do not adequately reflect the repetitive nature of railway noise peaks. The GENIFER pilot study aims to test a protocol designed to characterize railway noise events according to the instantaneous perceived annoyance when the train is passing, in order to improve understanding of the influence of acoustic factors on annoyance. The first phase of the survey was carried out in 2023 among 62 residents of a pilot site. An electronic device was used to collect around 5,000 ratings, ranging from 1 to 10, assessing the instantaneous annoyance induced by railway noise at passing trains. The site instrumentation included sixteen sound level meters and two video recording systems, enabling annoyance ratings to be associated with the acoustic characteristics of railway noise events. A questionnaire aimed at identifying co-determinants of long-term annoyance was also administered to participants. Feedback on the field implementation of this survey and initial results concerning acoustic measurements, instantaneous annoyance ratings and questionnaire responses will be presented.
Calibration of AGN Reverberation Distance Measurements
Creators: name: Koshida, Shintaro
name: Yoshii, Yuzuru
name: Kobayashi, Yukiyasu
name: Minezaki, Takeo
name: Enya, Keigo
name: Suganuma, Masahiro
name: Tomita, Hiroyuki
name: Aoki, Tsutomu
name: Peterson, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Yoshii et al. (2014), we described a new method for measuring extragalactic distances based on dust reverberation in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and we validated our new method with Cepheid variable stars. In this paper, we validate our new method with Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) which occurred in two of the AGN host galaxies during our AGN monitoring program: SN 2004bd in NGC 3786 and SN 2008ec in NGC 7469. Their multicolor light curves were observed and analyzed using two widely accepted methods for measuring SN distances, and the distance moduli derived are $μ=33.47\pm 0.15$ for SN 2004bd and $33.83\pm 0.07$ for SN 2008ec. These results are used to obtain independently the distance measurement calibration factor, $g$. The $g$ value obtained from the SN Ia discussed in this paper is $g_{\rm SN} = 10.61\pm 0.50$ which matches, within the range of 1$σ$ uncertainty, $g_{\rm DUST} = 10.60$, previously calculated ab initio in Yoshii et al. (2014). Having validated our new method for measuring extragalactic distances, we use our new method to calibrate reverberation distances derived from variations of H$β$ emission in the AGN broad line region (BLR), extending the Hubble diagram to $z\approx 0.3$ where distinguishing between cosmologies is becoming possible.
description: Astrophysical Journal Letters accepted
Reanalysis of neutron-capture elements in the benchmark r-rich star CS 31082-001
Creators: name: Ernandes, H.
name: Castro, M. J.
name: Barbuy, B.
name: Spite, M.
name: Hill, V.
name: Castilho, B.
name: Evans, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the abundances of neutron-capture elements in the metal-poor ([Fe/H]=-2.9) r-process-rich halo star CS 31082-001. Partly motivated by the development of the new near-ultraviolet Cassegrain U-band Efficient Spectrograph for the Very Large Telescope, we compiled an expanded line list for heavy elements over the range 3000-4000 Å, including hyperfine structure for several elements. Combining archival near-ultraviolet spectra of CS 31082-001 from the Hubble Space Telescope and the Very Large Telescope, we investigate the abundances and nucleosynthesis of 35 heavy elements (Ge, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, Sn, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Os, Ir, Pt, Pb, Bi, Th, and U). Our analysis includes the first abundance estimates for tin, holmium, and ytterbium from these data, and the first for lutetium from ground-based data, enabling a more complete view of the abundance pattern of this important reference star. In general, the r-process dominated elements are as enhanced as those in the Sun, particularly for elements with Z $\ge$ 56 (Ba and heavier). However, the abundances for the lighter elements in our sample, from Ge to Sn (31 $\le$ Z $\le$ 50), do not scale with the solar abundance pattern. Moreover, the Ge abundance is deficient relative to solar, indicating that it is dominantly an iron-peak rather than neutron-capture element. Our results (or upper limits) on Sn, Pt, Au, Pb and Bi all pose further questions, prompting further study on the origin and evolution of the known r-rich and actinide-rich, metal-poor stars.
The theory of transmission spectra revisited: a semi-analytical method for interpreting WFC3 data and an unresolved challenge
Creators: name: Heng, Kevin
name: Kitzmann, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The computation of transmission spectra is a central ingredient in the study of exoplanetary atmospheres. First, we revisit the theory of transmission spectra, unifying ideas from several workers in the literature. Transmission spectra lack an absolute normalization due to the a priori unknown value of a reference transit radius, which is tied to an unknown reference pressure. We show that there is a degeneracy between the uncertainty in the transit radius, the assumed value of the reference pressure (typically set to 10 bar) and the inferred value of the water abundance when interpreting a WFC3 transmission spectrum. Second, we show that the transmission spectra of isothermal atmospheres are nearly isobaric. We validate the isothermal, isobaric analytical formula for the transmission spectrum against full numerical calculations and show that the typical errors are ~0.1% (~10 ppm) within the WFC3 range of wavelengths for temperatures of 1500 K (or higher). Third, we generalize the previous expression for the transit radius to include a small temperature gradient. Finally, we analyze the measured WFC3 transmission spectrum of WASP-12b and demonstrate that we obtain consistent results with the retrieval approach of Kreidberg et al. (2015) if the reference transit radius and reference pressure are fixed to assumed values. The unknown functional relationship between the reference transit radius and reference pressure implies that it is the product of the water abundance and reference pressure that is being retrieved from the data, and not just the water abundance alone. This degeneracy leads to a limitation on how accurately we may extract molecular abundances from transmission spectra using WFC3 data alone. Finally, we compare our study to that of Griffith (2014) and discuss why the degeneracy was missed in previous retrieval studies. [abridged]
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 11 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
title: Die Schlacht von Leuthen am 5. Dezember 1757 : Höhepunkt und Anfang vom Ende absolutistischer Manöverstrategie und Lineartaktik / von Hans-Peter Kriemann
Creators: name: Kriemann, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2022

description: Die aktuelle Karte : historische Ereignisse in Kartenansicht / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [10]
Modulation of pairing symmetry with bond disorder in unconventional superconductors
Creators: name: Kang, Yao-Tai
name: Tsai, Wei-Feng
name: Yao, Dao-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a two-orbital $t$-$J_1$-$J_2$ model, originally developed to describe iron-based superconductors at low energies, in the presence of bond disorder (via next-nearest-neighbor $J_2$-bond dilution). By using the Bogoliubov--de Gennes approach, we self-consistently calculate the local pairing amplitudes and the corresponding density of states, which demonstrate a change of dominant pairing symmetry from $s_\pm$ wave to $d$ wave when increasing disorder strength as long as $J_1\lesssim J_2$. Moreover, the combined pairing interaction and strong bond disorder lead to the formation of $s_\pm$ wave "islands" with length scale of the superconducting coherence length embedded in a $d$ wave "sea." This picture is further complemented by the disorder-averaged pair-pair correlation functions, distinct from the case with potential disorder, where the "sea" is insulating. Due to this inevitable formation of spatial inhomogeneity, the superconducting $T_c$ determined by the superfluid density $ρ_s(T)$ obviously deviates from the value predicted by the conventional Abrikosov-Gorkov theory, where the pairing amplitudes are viewed as uniformly suppressed as the disorder increases.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
On repetitive right application of B-terms
Creators: name: Ikebuchi, Mirai
name: Nakano, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: B-terms are built from the B combinator alone defined by B f g x = f (g x), which is well-known as a function composition operator. This paper investigates an interesting property of B-terms, that is, whether repetitive right applications of a B-term circulates or not. We discuss conditions for B-terms to and not to have the property through a sound and complete equational axiomatization. Specifically, we give examples of B-terms which have the property and show that there are infinitely many B-terms which does not have the property. Also, we introduce a canonical representation of B-terms that is useful to detect cycles, or equivalently, to prove the property, with an efficient algorithm.
description: Submitted to CSL 2017
Stress-associated metabolites vary with both season and habitat across populations of a climate sentinel species
Creators: name: Whipple, A. L.
name: Ray, C.
name: Varner, J.
name: Kitchens, J. N.
name: Hove, A.A.
name: Vardaro, J. A. Castillo
name: Wilkening, J. L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Relating physiological stress to habitat quality could refine conservation efforts. Habitat quality, which is often inferred from patch occupancy or demographic rates, might be measured in a more timely and nuanced way using metrics of physiological stress. To understand whether stress-associated hormones vary with metrics of habitat quality, we measured fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (FGM) levels in the American pika (Ochotona princeps), a small mammal with well-defined habitat (talus), which can vary in quality depending on the presence of subsurface ice features. In spring and fall 2018, we collected feces noninvasively from pika territories in taluses “with” or “without” subsurface ice to capture seasonal variation in FGM between habitat types. We used linear mixed effects models to explore the interactions among season, habitat metrics (including subsurface ice status), and subsurface temperature as predictors of FGM. We found support for interacting effects on FGM levels, which covaried with season, elevation, putative ice presence, graminoid to forb ratio, graminoid cover, and measures of acute subsurface heat exposure. However, only one subsurface temperature metric differed according to putative presence of subsurface ice. Our results contribute to the growing evidence that FGMs might be developed as a tool to assess habitat quality.
Diagrammatic approach to orbital quantum impurities interacting with a many-particle environment
Creators: name: Bighin, Giacomo
name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was shown that an impurity exchanging orbital angular momentum with a surrounding bath can be described in terms of the angulon quasiparticle [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 095301 (2017)]. The angulon consists of a quantum rotor dressed by a many-particle field of boson excitations, and can be formed out of, for example, a molecule or a nonspherical atom in superfluid helium, or out of an electron coupled to lattice phonons or a Bose condensate. Here we develop an approach to the angulon based on the path-integral formalism, which sets the ground for a systematic, perturbative treatment of the angulon problem. The resulting perturbation series can be interpreted in terms of Feynman diagrams, from which, in turn, one can derive a set of diagrammatic rules. These rules extend the machinery of the graphical theory of angular momentum - well known from theoretical atomic spectroscopy - to the case where an environment with an infinite number of degrees of freedom is present. In particular, we show that each diagram can be interpreted as a 'skeleton', which enforces angular momentum conservation, dressed by an additional many-body contribution. This connection between the angulon theory and the graphical theory of angular momentum is particularly important as it allows to systematically and substantially simplify the analytical representation of each diagram. In order to exemplify the technique, we calculate the 1- and 2-loop contributions to the angulon self-energy, the spectral function, and the quasiparticle weight. The diagrammatic theory we develop paves the way to investigate next-to-leading order quantities in a more compact way compared to the variational approaches.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Kulish-Sklyanin type models: integrability and reductions
Creators: name: Gerdjikov, Vladimir S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We start with a Riemann-Hilbert problem (RHP) related to a BD.I-type symmetric spaces $SO(2r+1)/S(O(2r-2s +1)\otimes O(2s))$, $s\geq 1$. We consider two Riemann-Hilbert problems: the first formulated on the real axis $\mathbb{R}$ in the complex $λ$-plane; the second one is formulated on $\mathbb{R} \oplus i\mathbb{R}$. The first RHP for $s=1$ allows one to solve the Kulish-Sklyanin (KS) model; the second RHP is relevant for a new type of KS model. An important example for nontrivial deep reductions of KS model is given. Its effect on the scattering matrix is formulated. In particular we obtain new 2-component NLS equations. Finally, using the Wronskian relations we demonstrate that the inverse scattering method for KS models may be understood as a generalized Fourier transforms. Thus we have a tool to derive all their fundamental properties, including the hierarchy of equations and the hierarchy of their Hamiltonian structures.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, some typos corrected