cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improving Quantum Simulation Efficiency of Final State Radiation with Dynamic Quantum Circuits
Creators: name: Deliyannis, Plato
name: Sud, James
name: Chamaki, Diana
name: Webb-Mack, Zoë
name: Bauer, Christian W.
name: Nachman, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reference arXiv:1904.03196 recently introduced an algorithm (QPS) for simulating parton showers with intermediate flavor states using polynomial resources on a digital quantum computer. We make use of a new quantum hardware capability called dynamical quantum computing to improve the scaling of this algorithm to significantly improve the method precision. In particular, we modify the quantum parton shower circuit to incorporate mid-circuit qubit measurements, resets, and quantum operations conditioned on classical information. This reduces the computational depth from $\mathcal{O}(N^5\log_2(N)^2)$ to $\mathcal{O}(N^3\log_2(N)^2)$ and the qubit requirements are reduced from $\mathcal{O}(N\log_2(N))$ to $\mathcal{O}(N)$. Using "matrix product state" statevector simulators, we demonstrate that the improved algorithm yields expected results for 2, 3, 4, and 5-steps of the algorithm. We compare absolute costs with the original QPS algorithm, and show that dynamical quantum computing can significantly reduce costs in the class of digital quantum algorithms representing quantum walks (which includes the QPS).
description: Updated to journal version
Freudenthal Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Marrani, Alessio
name: Qiu, Cong-Xin
name: Shih, Sheng-Yu Darren
name: Tagliaferro, Anthony
name: Zumino, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel gauge field theory, based on the Freudenthal Triple System (FTS), a ternary algebra with mixed symmetry (not completely symmetric) structure constants. The theory, named Freudenthal Gauge Theory (FGT), is invariant under two (off-shell) symmetries: the gauge Lie algebra constructed from the FTS triple product and a novel global non-polynomial symmetry, the so-called Freudenthal duality. Interestingly, a broad class of FGT gauge algebras is provided by the Lie algebras "of type e7" which occur as conformal symmetries of Euclidean Jordan algebras of rank 3, and as U-duality algebras of the corresponding (super)gravity theories in D = 4. We prove a No-Go Theorem, stating the incompatibility of the invariance under Freudenthal duality and the coupling to space-time vector and/or spinor fields, thus forbidding non-trivial supersymmetric extensions of FGT. We also briefly discuss the relation between FTS and the triple systems occurring in BLG-type theories, in particular focusing on superconformal Chern-Simons-matter gauge theories in D = 3.
description: 1+32 pages, 1 Table; v2 : some comments and clarifications, Refs., and footnotes added
The lifespan estimates of classical solutions of one dimensional semilinear wave equations with characteristic weights
Creators: name: Kitamura, Shunsuke
name: Takamura, Hiroyuki
name: Wakasa, Kyouhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the lifespan estimates of classical solutions for semilinear wave equations with characteristic weights and compactly supported data in one space dimension. The results include those for weights by time-variable, but exclude those for weights by space-variable in some cases. We have interactions of two characteristic directions.
description: 49 pages, 3 figures. This is the accepted version to Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
A new DG method for a pure--stress formulation of the Brinkman problem with strong symmetry
Creators: name: Meddahi, Salim
name: Ruiz-Baier, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65M12, 65M15, 74H15

description: A strongly symmetric stress approximation is proposed for the Brinkman equations with mixed boundary conditions. The resulting formulation solves for the Cauchy stress using a symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin method. Pressure and velocity are readily post-processed from stress, and a second post-process is shown to produce exactly divergence-free discrete velocities. We demonstrate the stability of the method with respect to a DG-energy norm and obtain error estimates that are explicit with respect to the coefficients of the problem. We derive optimal rates of convergence for the stress and for the post-processed variables. Moreover, under appropriate assumptions on the mesh, we prove optimal $L^2$-error estimates for the stress. Finally, we provide numerical examples in 2D and 3D.
description: 17 pages
Neophocaena phocaenoides
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Phocoenidae
Neophocaena
Neophocaena phocaenoides

description: Neophocaena phocaenoides (G. Cuvier, 1829). Regn. Anim., 1:291. TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa, Cape Prov., Cape of Good Hope. (Almost certainly erroneous, DWR). DISTRIBUTION: Persian Gulf to Java, China, and Japan. COMMENT: Includes sunameri and asiaeorientalis; see Rice, 1977:10. Reviewed by Pilleri and Gihr, 1975, Mammalia, 39:657: 673; Pilleri and Gihr, 1972, Invest. Cetacea, 4: 107-162, and Pilleri and Gihr, 1980, Invest. Cetacea, 11:33-36, who considered sunameri and asiaeorientalis distinct species. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix I. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411002018001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 297, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
description: {"references": ["Rice, D. W. 1977. A list of the marine mammals of the world. Third ed. NOAA Technical Report, NMFS SSRF- 711: 1 - 15.", "Pilleri, G., and M. Gihr. 1975. On the taxonomy and ecology of the finless black porpoise, Neophocaena (Cetacea, Delphinidae). Mammalia, 39: 657 - 673.", "Pilleri, G., and M. Gihr. 1972. Contribution to the knowledge of cetaceans of Pakistan with particular reference to the genera Neomeris, Sousa, Delphinus and Tursiops and description of a new Chinese porpoise (Neomeris asiaeorientalis). Investigations on Cetacea, 4: 107 - 162."]}
Characterization of amorphous and crystalline silicon nanoclusters in ultra thin silica layers
Creators: name: Thøgersen, Annett
name: Mayandi, Jeyanthinath
name: Finstad, Terje G.
name: Olsen, Arne
name: Christensen, Jens Sherman
name: Mitome, Masanori
name: Bando, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleation and structure of silicon nanocrystals formed by different preparation conditions and silicon concentration (28 - 70 area %) have been studied using Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Filtered TEM (EFTEM) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS). The nanocrystals were formed after heat treatment at high temperature of a sputtered 10 nm thick silicon rich oxide on 3 nm SiO$_2$ layer made by Rapid Thermal Oxidation (RTO) of silicon. Nanocrystals precipitate when the excess silicon concentration exceeds 50 area %. Below this percentage amorphous silicon nanoclusters were found. In-situ heat treatment of the samples in the TEM showed that the crystallization requires a temperature above 800$^o$C. The nanocrystals precipitate in a 4 nm band, 5 nm from the Si substrate and 4 nm from the SiO$_2$ sample surface. The silicon nucleates where the excess Si concentration is the highest. The top surface has less excess Si due to reaction with oxygen from the ambient during annealing. The SiO$_2$-RTO layer is more Si rich due to Si diffusion from the SiO$_2$-Si layer into RTO. Twinning and stacking faults were found in nanocrystals with 4-10 nm in diameter. These types of defects may have large effects upon the usability of the material in electronic devices. Both single and double twin boundaries have been found in the nanocrystals by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Image simulations were carried out in order to obtain more information about the defects and nanocrystals. The stacking faults are extrinsic and located in the twin boundaries.
Thermal Narrowing of the Electronic Bandwidths in Organic Molecular Semiconductors: Impact of the Crystal Thermal Expansion
Creators: name: Li, Yuan
name: Coropceanu, Veaceslav
name: Brédas, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on electronic-structure calculations for the pentacene and rubrene crystals, based on experimental crystal geometries measured at different temperatures. The results are in very good agreement with angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy data that indicate that the widths of the valence and conduction bands in both materials become narrower at higher temperatures. Our findings strongly suggest that the thermal bandwidth narrowing in the pentacene and rubrene crystals is primarily caused by the thermal expansion of the lattice rather than by a renormalization of the transfer integrals induced by a polaron effect. The effect of thermal expansion on the charge-transport properties is also discussed.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the authors to comply with the publication policy of ACS
Lightweight starshade position sensing with convolutional neural networks and simulation-based inference
Creators: name: Chen, Andrew
name: Harness, Anthony
name: Melchior, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starshades are a leading technology to enable the direct detection and spectroscopic characterization of Earth-like exoplanets. To keep the starshade and telescope aligned over large separations, reliable sensing of the peak of the diffracted light of the occluded star is required. Current techniques rely on image matching or model fitting, both of which put substantial computational burdens on resource-limited spacecraft computers. We present a lightweight image processing method based on a convolutional neural network paired with a simulation-based inference technique to estimate the position of the spot of Arago and its uncertainty. The method achieves an accuracy of a few centimeters across the entire pupil plane, while only requiring 1.6 MB in stored data structures and 5.3 MFLOPs (million floating point operations) per image at test time. By deploying our method at the Princeton Starshade Testbed, we demonstrate that the neural network can be trained on simulated images and used on real images, and that it can successfully be integrated in the control system for closed-loop formation flying.
description: submitted to JATIS
Pteronarcys dorsata
Creators: name: DeWalt, R. Edward
name: Grubbs, Scott A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Pteronarcyidae
Pteronarcys
Pteronarcys dorsata

description: Pteronarcys dorsata (Say). This species has one of the widest ranges for stoneflies in North America (Nelson 2000) and typically occupies cooler waters than P. pictetii Hagen. Both P. dorsata and P. pictetti has been found in the same stream reach within the Midwest as the record shows here for Elkhart and Lafayette, Indiana. This species has never been found in Illinois (Frison 1935, 1937; DeWalt et al. 2005), but was reported from Elkhart, Indiana by Nelson (1971). We have found the Elkhart specimens in the CNC collection and provide one additional record. IN, Elkhart Co., [St. Joseph or Elkhart River], Elkhart, 6/18/1902, ♂, ♀ (CNC); Tippecanoe Co., Lafayette, 4/20/1915, ♀ (PERC).
description: Published as part of DeWalt, R. Edward & Grubbs, Scott A., 2011, Updates To The Stonefly Fauna Of Illinois And Indiana, pp. 31-50 in Illiesia 7 (3) on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4760399
description: {"references": ["Nelson, C. H. 2000. Pteronarcyidae (The Salmonflies). Pages 29 - 39. In: Stark, B. P. & B. J. Armitage (editors). Stoneflies (Plecoptera) of Eastern North America. Volume I, Pteronarcyidae, Peltoperlidae, and Taeniopterygidae. Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey, New Series, Volume 14. Ohio Biological Society, Columbus, Ohio. 99 pp.", "Frison, T. H. 1935. The stoneflies, or Plecoptera, of Illinois. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin, 20: 281 - 467.", "Frison, T. H. 1937. Descriptions of Plecoptera with special reference to the Illinois species. Illinois Natural History Survey Bulletin, 21: 78 - 99.", "DeWalt, R. E. & B. D. Heinold. 2005. Summer emerging Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera of Abrams Creek, Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 107: 34 - 48.", "Nelson, C. H. 1971. Contribution to the anatomy and phylogeny of the family Pteronarcyidae. Transaction of the American Entomological Society, 97: 123 - 200."]}
Acceleration of cosmic rays by young core-collapse supernova remnants
Creators: name: Telezhinsky, I.
name: Dwarkadas, V. V.
name: Pohl, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Supernova remnants (SNRs) are thought to be the primary candidates for the sources of Galactic cosmic rays. According to the diffusive shock acceleration theory, SNR shocks produce a power-law spectrum with an index of s = 2, perhaps nonlinearly modified to harder spectra at high energy. Observations of SNRs often indicate particle spectra that are softer than that and show features not expected from classical theory. Known drawbacks of the standard approach are the assumption that SNRs evolve in a uniform environment, and that the reverse shock does not accelerate particles. Relaxing these assumptions increases the complexity of the problem, because one needs reliable hydrodynamical data for the plasma flow as well as good estimates for the magnetic field (MF) at the reverse shock. Aims. We show that these two factors are especially important when modeling young core-collapse SNRs that evolve in a complicated circumstellar medium shaped by the winds of progenitor stars. Methods. We used high-resolution numerical simulations for the hydrodynamical evolution of the SNR. Instead of parametrizations of the MF profiles inside the SNR, we followed the advection of the frozen-in MF inside the SNR, and thus obtained the B-field value at all locations, in particular at the reverse shock. To model cosmic-ray acceleration we solved the cosmic-ray transport equation in test-particle approximation. Results. We find that the complex plasma-flow profiles of core-collapse SNRs significantly modify the particle spectra. Additionally, the reverse shock strongly affects the emission spectra and the surface brightness.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Learning Theory Approach to Minimum Error Entropy Criterion
Creators: name: Hu, Ting
name: Fan, Jun
name: Wu, Qiang
name: Zhou, Ding-Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T05, 68Q32, 62B10

description: We consider the minimum error entropy (MEE) criterion and an empirical risk minimization learning algorithm in a regression setting. A learning theory approach is presented for this MEE algorithm and explicit error bounds are provided in terms of the approximation ability and capacity of the involved hypothesis space when the MEE scaling parameter is large. Novel asymptotic analysis is conducted for the generalization error associated with Renyi's entropy and a Parzen window function, to overcome technical difficulties arisen from the essential differences between the classical least squares problems and the MEE setting. A semi-norm and the involved symmetrized least squares error are introduced, which is related to some ranking algorithms.
Density Matrix Renormalization Group with Tensor Processing Units
Creators: name: Ganahl, Martin
name: Beall, Jackson
name: Hauru, Markus
name: Lewis, Adam G. M.
name: Yoo, Jae Hyeon
name: Zou, Yijian
name: Vidal, Guifre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Google's Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) are integrated circuits specifically built to accelerate and scale up machine learning workloads. They can perform fast distributed matrix multiplications and therefore be repurposed for other computationally intensive tasks. In this work we demonstrate the use of TPUs for accelerating and scaling up the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG), a powerful numerical approach to compute the ground state of a local quantum many-body Hamiltonian. The cost of DMRG scales with system size $N$ as $O(ND^3)$, where the so-called bond dimension $D$ regulates how expressive the underlying matrix product state (MPS) variational ansatz is. We consider lattice models in two spatial dimensions, with square lattices of size $10\times 10$ (free fermions) and $20\times 20$ (transverse field Ising model), for which the required MPS bond dimension is known to scale at least as $\exp(\sqrt{N})$. Using half of a TPU v3 pod (namely $1,\!024$ TPU v3 cores) we reached an unprecedentedly large bond dimension $D = 2^{16} = 65,\!536$, for which optimizing a single MPS tensor took about 2 minutes.
PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF ENGINEERING TECHNICAL MEASURES IN THE PROTECTION OF POPULATIONS AND TERRITORIES FROM EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
Creators: name: Malika Hasanova Karshi State University, faculty of pedagogy,  student of the 2nd stage of the field of  labor protection and technical safet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article explores the critical role of engineering technical measures in safeguarding populations and territories from emergency situations. By examining existing literature, analyzing methodologies, and presenting results, we aim to highlight the challenges faced and propose solutions for more effective organizational strategies. The study emphasizes the need for a proactive approach to emergency preparedness and response, emphasizing the role of engineering solutions in minimizing risks and enhancing overall resilience.

Keywords: Emergency situations, engineering technical measures, population protection, territory safeguarding, resilience, organizational strategies
Strategies to reduce the thermoelastic loss of multimaterial coated finite substrates
Creators: name: Zhou, Ruinan
name: Molina-Ruiz, Manel
name: Hellman, Frances
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoelastic loss is an important energy dissipation mechanisms in resonant systems. A careful analysis of the thermoelastic loss is critical to the design of low-noise devices for high-precision applications, such as the mirrors used for gravitational-wave detectors. In this paper, we present analytical solutions to the thermoelastic loss due to thermoelasticity between different materials that are in contact. We find expressions for the thermoelastic loss of multimaterial coatings of finite substrates, and analyze its dependencies on material properties, mirror design and operating experimental conditions. Our results show that lower operating mirror temperature, thinner layers and higher number of interfaces in the coating, and the choice of the first layer of the coating that minimizes the thermal expansion mismatch with the substrate are strategies that reduce the thermoelastic loss and, therefore, diminish the thermal noise that limits the resolution in sensing applications. The results presented in this paper are relevant for the development of low-noise gravitational-wave detectors and for other experiments sensitive to energy dissipation mechanisms when different materials are in contact.
Underlying-event properties in pp and p$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report about the properties of the underlying event measured with ALICE at the LHC in pp and p$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV. The event activity, quantified by charged-particle number and summed-$p_{\rm T}$ densities, is measured as a function of the leading-particle transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig}$). These quantities are studied in three azimuthal-angle regions relative to the leading particle in the event: toward, away, and transverse. Results are presented for three different $p_{\rm T}$ thresholds (0.15, 0.5, and 1 GeV/$c$) at mid-pseudorapidity ($|η|<0.8$). The event activity in the transverse region, which is the most sensitive to the underlying event, exhibits similar behaviour in both pp and p$-$Pb collisions, namely, a steep increase with $p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig}$ for low $p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig}$, followed by a saturation at $p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig} \approx 5$ GeV/$c$. The results from pp collisions are compared with existing measurements at other centre-of-mass energies. The quantities in the toward and away regions are also analyzed after the subtraction of the contribution measured in the transverse region. The remaining jet-like particle densities are consistent in pp and p$-$Pb collisions for $p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig}>10$ GeV/$c$, whereas for lower $p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig}$ values the event activity is slightly higher in p$-$Pb than in pp collisions. The measurements are compared with predictions from the PYTHIA 8 and EPOS LHC Monte Carlo event generators.
description: 33 pages, 13 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 28, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/7854
Invariant Generation through Strategy Iteration in Succinctly Represented Control Flow Graphs
Creators: name: Gawlitza, Thomas Martin
name: Monniaux, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4, F.3.1 (D.2.1, D.2.4, D.3.1, E.1), F.3.2 (D.3.1)

description: We consider the problem of computing numerical invariants of programs, for instance bounds on the values of numerical program variables. More specifically, we study the problem of performing static analysis by abstract interpretation using template linear constraint domains. Such invariants can be obtained by Kleene iterations that are, in order to guarantee termination, accelerated by widening operators. In many cases, however, applying this form of extrapolation leads to invariants that are weaker than the strongest inductive invariant that can be expressed within the abstract domain in use. Another well-known source of imprecision of traditional abstract interpretation techniques stems from their use of join operators at merge nodes in the control flow graph. The mentioned weaknesses may prevent these methods from proving safety properties. The technique we develop in this article addresses both of these issues: contrary to Kleene iterations accelerated by widening operators, it is guaranteed to yield the strongest inductive invariant that can be expressed within the template linear constraint domain in use. It also eschews join operators by distinguishing all paths of loop-free code segments. Formally speaking, our technique computes the least fixpoint within a given template linear constraint domain of a transition relation that is succinctly expressed as an existentially quantified linear real arithmetic formula. In contrast to previously published techniques that rely on quantifier elimination, our algorithm is proved to have optimal complexity: we prove that the decision problem associated with our fixpoint problem is in the second level of the polynomial-time hierarchy.
description: 35 pages, conference version published at ESOP 2011, this version is a CoRR version of our submission to Logical Methods in Computer Science
Phocoena G. Cuvier 1817
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Phocoenidae
Phocoena

description: Phocoena G. Cuvier, 1817. Regn. Anim., 1:279. COMMENT: Phocaena and Phocena are later spellings. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411002019000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 297, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
Gauge Threshold Corrections and Field Redefinitions
Creators: name: de Alwis, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the argument for field redefinitions arising from threshold corrections to heterotic string gauge couplings, and the relation between the linear and the chiral multiplet. In the type IIB case we argue that the necessity for moduli mixing at one loop order has not been clearly established, since this is based on extending the background field expansion way beyond its regime of validity. We also resolve some issues related to the form of non-perturbative terms resulting from gaugino condensation. This enables us to estimate the effective cutoff in the field theory by evaluating the non-perturbative superpotential by two different methods, and find that it is around the Kaluza-Klein scale, as one might have expected on general grounds of self-consistency.
description: Expanded discussion of chiral linear duality and IIB gauge threshold corrections, additional clarification of some points, incorrect statement corrected, other minor changes. 20 pages
Mean Field Asymptotics of Generalized Quantum Kinetic Equation
Creators: name: Gerasimenko, V. I.
name: Tsvir, Zh. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40, 35Q82, 47J35, 82C10, 82C40

description: We construct the mean field asymptotics of a solution of initial-value problem of the generalized quantum kinetic equation and a sequence of explicitly defined unctionals of a solution of stated kinetic equation. As a result the quantum Vlasov kinetic equation is rigorously derived. Moreover, in case of the presence of correlations of particles at initial time the mean field limit of a solution of the generalized quantum kinetic equation is constructed.
description: 18 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1109.1998
Progress in the mathematical theory of quantum disordered systems
Creators: name: Wreszinski, Walter F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent progress in the mathematical theory of quantum disordered systems: the Anderson transition, including some joint work with Domingos Marchetti, the (quantum and classical) Edwards-Anderson (EA) spin-glass model and return to equilibrium for a class of spin-glass models, which includes the EA model initially in a very large transverse field.
description: 42 pages, 1 figure, expanded version of talks at Bressanone and Goettingen, with several important additions regarding the Anderson transition
Relativistic Quantum Teleportation with Superconducting Circuits
Creators: name: Friis, Nicolai
name: Lee, Antony R.
name: Truong, Kevin
name: Sabín, Carlos
name: Solano, Enrique
name: Johansson, Göran
name: Fuentes, Ivette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of relativistic motion on quantum teleportation and propose a realizable experiment where our results can be tested. We compute bounds on the optimal fidelity of teleportation when one of the observers undergoes non-uniform motion for a finite time. The upper bound to the optimal fidelity is degraded due to the observer's motion however, we discuss how this degradation can be corrected. These effects are observable for experimental parameters that are within reach of cutting-edge superconducting technology. Our setup will further provide guidance for future space-based experiments.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, minor deviations from published version. I.F. previously published as Ivette Fuentes-Guridi and Ivette Fuentes-Schuller
By accident or design? An exploration of the career pathways, experiences and identities of academic GPs using composite narratives
Creators: name: McElhinney, Zoë
name: Kennedy, Catherine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: At a time when UK general practice is facing significant challenges and departments of academic general practice in UK universities are in decline, this cross-sectional qualitative case study examines the experiences of general practitioner (GP) academics in a Scottish university department of general practice undergraduate education. The study explores GPs’ reasons for entering academic careers, their routes into academic careers and their experiences of balancing clinical and academic work through examining the individual narratives of GP academics. Data were gathered through autobiographical written narrative, individual interviews and an autoethnographic study, and were analysed using a thematic narrative approach. Findings are presented as composite narratives synthesising the predominant experiences of three distinct groups of GPs who entered academia at different stages of their careers. GP academics described limited understanding of academic general practice prior to taking up an academic post. Entry to academic general practice was associated with an interest in teaching and was often prompted by a dissatisfaction with clinical practice. Academic GPs described concerns about career prospects and changing professional identity but valued the scholarship and creativity associated with their academic roles. This study provides insights into the motivations of academic GPs and the factors influencing academic career progression.
Fixing Knockout Tournaments With Seeds
Creators: name: Manurangsi, Pasin
name: Suksompong, Warut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knockout tournaments constitute a popular format for organizing sports competitions. While prior results have shown that it is often possible to manipulate a knockout tournament by fixing the bracket, these results ignore the prevalent aspect of player seeds, which can significantly constrain the chosen bracket. We show that certain structural conditions that guarantee that a player can win a knockout tournament without seeds are no longer sufficient in light of seed constraints. On the other hand, we prove that when the pairwise match outcomes are generated randomly, all players are still likely to be knockout winners under the same probability threshold with seeds as without seeds. In addition, we investigate the complexity of deciding whether a manipulation is possible when seeds are present.
description: Appears in the 31st International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI), 2022
Glueball-meson molecules
Creators: name: Petrov, Alexey A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental searches for pure glueball states have proven challenging and so far yielded no results. This is believed to occur because glueballs mix with the ordinary $q\bar q$ states with the same quantum numbers. We will discuss an alternative mechanism, the formation of the glueball-meson molecular states. We will argue that the wave functions of already observed excited meson states may contain a significant part due to such molecular states. We discuss the phenomenology of glueball-meson molecules and comment on a possible charmless component of the $XYZ$ states.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; title changed, minor changes to the text, replaced to match the published version
By accident or design? An exploration of the career pathways, experiences and identities of academic GPs using composite narratives.
Creators: name: McElhinney, Zoë
name: Kennedy, Catherine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: At a time when UK general practice is facing significant challenges and departments of academic general practice in UK universities are in decline, this cross-sectional qualitative case study examines the experiences of general practitioner (GP) academics in a Scottish university department of general practice undergraduate education. The study explores GPs’ reasons for entering academic careers, their routes into academic careers and their experiences of balancing clinical and academic work through examining the individual narratives of GP academics. Data were gathered through autobiographical written narrative, individual interviews and an autoethnographic study, and were analysed using a thematic narrative approach. Findings are presented as composite narratives synthesising the predominant experiences of three distinct groups of GPs who entered academia at different stages of their careers. GP academics described limited understanding of academic general practice prior to taking up an academic post. Entry to academic general practice was associated with an interest in teaching and was often prompted by a dissatisfaction with clinical practice. Academic GPs described concerns about career prospects and changing professional identity but valued the scholarship and creativity associated with their academic roles. This study provides insights into the motivations of academic GPs and the factors influencing academic career progression.
Phocoena dioptrica Lahille 1912
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Phocoenidae
Phocoena
Phocoena dioptrica

description: Phocoena dioptrica Lahille, 1912. Ann. Mus. Nat. Hist., Buenos Aires, 23: 269. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, Buenos Aires, Punta Colares, near Quilmes. DISTRIBUTION: Uruguay, Argentina, Falkland Isis., South Georgia, and the Auckland Isis., perhaps Kerguelen and New Zealand. COMMENT: Perhaps circumpolar; see Baker, 1977, New Zealand J. Mar. Freshw. Res., 11:401-406. Reviewed by Brownell, 1975, Mamm. Species, 66:1-3. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411002019001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 297, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
description: {"references": ["Baker, A. N. 1977. Spectacled porpoise Phocoena dioptrica new to the subantarctic Pacific Ocean. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research, 11 (2): 401 - 406."]}
Dielectron production at midrapidity at low transverse momentum in peripheral and semi-peripheral Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV
Creators: name: Alice Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first measurement of the ${\rm e}^{+}{\rm e}^{-}$ pair production at low lepton pair transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T,ee}$) and low invariant mass ($m_{\rm ee}$) in non-central Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV at the LHC is presented. The dielectron production is studied with the ALICE detector at midrapidity ($|η_{\rm e}| < 0.8$) as a function of invariant mass ($0.4 \leq m_{\rm ee} < 2.7$ GeV/$c^2$) in the 50$-$70% and 70$-$90% centrality classes for $p_{\rm T,ee} < 0.1$ GeV/$c$, and as a function of $p_{\rm T,ee}$ in three $m_{\rm ee}$ intervals in the most peripheral Pb$-$Pb collisions. Below a $p_{\rm T,ee}$ of 0.1 GeV/$c$, a clear excess of ${\rm e}^{+}{\rm e}^{-}$ pairs is found compared to the expectations from known hadronic sources and predictions of thermal radiation from the medium. The $m_{\rm ee}$ excess spectra are reproduced, within uncertainties, by different predictions of the photon$-$photon production of dielectrons, where the photons originate from the extremely strong electromagnetic fields generated by the highly Lorentz-contracted Pb nuclei. Lowest-order quantum electrodynamic (QED) calculations, as well as a model that takes into account the impact-parameter dependence of the average transverse momentum of the photons, also provide a good description of the $p_{\rm T,ee}$ spectra. The measured $\sqrt{\langle p_{\rm T,ee}^{2} \rangle}$ of the excess $p_{\rm T,ee}$ spectrum in peripheral Pb$-$Pb collisions is found to be comparable to the values observed previously at RHIC in a similar phase-space region.
description: 26 pages, 5 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 21, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/7963
A Mermin--Wagner theorem on Lorentzian triangulations with quantum spins
Creators: name: Kelbert, M.
name: Suhov, Yu.
name: Yambartsev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B10, 82B20, 47D08

description: We consider infinite random casual Lorentzian triangulations emerging in quantum gravity for critical values of parameters. With each vertex of the triangulation we associate a Hilbert space representing a bosonic particle moving in accordance with standard laws of Quantum Mechanics. The particles interact via two-body potentials decaying with the graph distance. A Mermin--Wagner type theorem is proven for infinite-volume reduced density matrices related to solutions to DLR equations in the Feynman--Kac (FK) representation.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure
Pinning control of social fairness in the Ultimatum game
Creators: name: Zheng, Guozhong
name: Zhang, Jiqiang
name: Ding, Zhenwei
name: Ma, Lin
name: Chen, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Decent social fairness is highly desired both for socio-economic activities and individuals, as it is one of the cornerstones of our social welfare and sustainability. How to effectively promote the level of fairness thus becomes a significant issue to be addressed. Here, by adopting a pinning control procedure, we find that when a very small fraction of individuals are pinned to be fair players in the Ultimatum Game, the whole population unexpectedly evolves into the full fairness level. The basic observations are quite robust in homogeneous networks, but the converging time as a function of the pinning number shows different laws for different underlying topologies. For heterogeneous networks, this leverage effect is even more pronounced that one hub node is sufficient for the aim, and a periodic on-off control procedure can be applied to further save the control cost. Intermittent failures are seen when the pinning control is marginally strong, our statistical analysis indicates some sort of criticality. Our work suggests that the pinning control procedure could potentially be a good strategy to promote the social fairness for some real scenarios when necessary.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Transfer Functions for Protein Signal Transduction: Application to a Model of Striatal Neural Plasticity
Creators: name: Scheler, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present a novel formulation for biochemical reaction networks in the context of signal transduction. The model consists of input-output transfer functions, which are derived from differential equations, using stable equilibria. We select a set of 'source' species, which receive input signals. Signals are transmitted to all other species in the system (the 'target' species) with a specific delay and transmission strength. The delay is computed as the maximal reaction time until a stable equilibrium for the target species is reached, in the context of all other reactions in the system. The transmission strength is the concentration change of the target species. The computed input-output transfer functions can be stored in a matrix, fitted with parameters, and recalled to build discrete dynamical models. By separating reaction time and concentration we can greatly simplify the model, circumventing typical problems of complex dynamical systems. The transfer function transformation can be applied to mass-action kinetic models of signal transduction. The paper shows that this approach yields significant insight, while remaining an executable dynamical model for signal transduction. In particular we can deconstruct the complex system into local transfer functions between individual species. As an example, we examine modularity and signal integration using a published model of striatal neural plasticity. The modules that emerge correspond to a known biological distinction between calcium-dependent and cAMP-dependent pathways. We also found that overall interconnectedness depends on the magnitude of input, with high connectivity at low input and less connectivity at moderate to high input. This general result, which directly follows from the properties of individual transfer functions, contradicts notions of ubiquitous complexity by showing input-dependent signal transmission inactivation.
description: 13 pages, 5 tables, 15 figures
Emergence of cooperation in a population with bimodal response behaviors
Creators: name: Ma, Lin
name: Zhang, Jiqiang
name: Zheng, Guozhong
name: Liang, Rizhou
name: Chen, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We human beings show remarkable adaptability in response to complex surroundings, we adopt different behavioral modes at different occasions, such response multimodality is critical to our survival. Yet, how this behavioral multimodality affects the evolution of cooperation remains largely unknown. Here we build a toy model to address this issue by considering a population with bimodal response behaviors, or specifically, with the Fermi and Tit-for-tat updating rules. While the former rule tends to imitate the strategies of those neighbors who are doing well, the latter repeats what their neighbors did to them. In a structural mixing implementation, where the updating rule is fixed for each individual, we find that a moderate mode mixture unexpectedly boosts the overall cooperation level of the population. The boost is even more pronounced in the probabilistic mixing, where each individual randomly chooses one of the two modes at each step, and full cooperation is seen in a wide range. These findings are robust to the underlying topology of the population. Our mean-field treatment reveals that the cooperation prevalence within the players with the Fermi rule linearly increases with the fraction of TFT players and explains the non-monotonic dependence in the structural mixing. Our study shows that the diversity in response behaviors may help to explain the emergence of cooperation in realistic contexts.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
Phocoena phocoena
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Phocoenidae
Phocoena
Phocoena phocoena

description: Phocoena phocoena (Linnaeus, 1758). Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:77. TYPE LOCALITY: Baltic Sea, “Swedish Seas.” DISTRIBUTION: Temperate to arctic N. Pacific and N. Atlantic; isolated population in Black Sea. COMMENT: Reviewed by Gaskin et al., 1974, Mamm. Species, 42:1-8. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411002019002001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 297, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
description: {"references": ["Gaskin, D. E., P. W. Arnold, and B. A. Blair. 1974. Phocoena phocoena. Mammalian Species, 42: 1 - 8."]}