cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vähielulemus Eestis võrdluses teiste Euroopa riikidega aastatel 1990−2009 EUNICE elulemusuuringu alusel
Creators: name: Aareleid, Tiiu
name: Mägi, Margit
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2012
Subjects: vähk, elulemus, ajatrend, Eesti, Euroopa

description: Taust ja eesmärgid. Vähihaigete elulemus ehk vähielulemus on vähitõrje edukuse tähtis näitaja. Elulemuse rahvusvaheline võrdlus aitab riikidel märgata vähi diagnoosimise ja ravi kitsaskohti ning kavandada meetmeid olukorra parandamiseks. Artiklis on vaadeldud vähielulemust ja selle trende Eestis võrreldes teiste Euroopa riikidega 1990–2009 EUNICE elulemusuuringu tulemuste põhjal. Uuring kuulus raamprojekti „European Union Network for Information on Cancer“ ning hõlmas 11 Euroopa riigi 12 territoriaalset vähiregistrit.
 Meetodid. Tsentraalne andmebaas moodustati Saksa Vähiuurimiskeskuses Heidelbergis. Eesti Vähiregister edastas uuringuks andmed 123 123 aastatel 1985–2003 diagnoositud vähi esmasjuhu kohta. Viie aasta suhtelist elulemust 14 vähipaikme puhul hinnati perioodmeetodil. Elulemustrendi analüüs ajavahemikul 1990–1994 kuni 2000–2004 ning elulemuse prognoos 2005–2009 tuginesid Poissoni regressioonmudelile.
 Tulemused. Vaadeldud perioodil vähielulemus Eestis suurenes. Mõne paikme puhul (magu, neer, kilpnääre, hulgimüeloom, leukeemia) oleme vähielulemuse näitajatega järele jõudnud Euroopa jõukamatele riikidele. Mõne paikme puhul (rind, munand, pahaloomuline nahamelanoom, mitte-Hodgkini lümfoom) toimub paranemine visalt ja aastateks 2005–2009 prognoositud elulemusnäidud osutusid rahvusvahelises võrdluses suhteliselt väikesteks.
 Järeldused. Vähiravi võimalused on Eestis viimase paarikümne aasta jooksul järjest paranenud, ent elulemuse „defitsiit“ osutab jätkuvalt viivitustele vähi diagnoosimises ja ravi alustamises.

Eesti Arst 2012; 91(11):587–593
description: Eesti Arst, Detsember 2012
Indicators for the Knowledge-based Economy: A Comparison between South Korea and The Netherlands
Creators: name: Park, Han Woo
name: Leydesdorff, Loet
name: Hong, Heung Deug
name: Hung, Sung Jo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper elaborates on the Triple Helix model for measuring the emergence of a knowledge base of socio-economic systems. The 'knowledge infrastructure' is measured using multiple indicators: webometric, scientometric, and technometric. The paper employs this triangulation strategy to examine the current state of the innovation systems of South Korea and the Netherlands. These indicators are thereafter used for the evaluation of the systemness in configurations of university-industry-government relations. South Korea is becoming somewhat stronger than the Netherlands in terms of scientific and technological outputs and in terms of the knowledge-based dynamics; South Korea's portfolio is more traditional than that of the Netherlands. For example, research and patenting in the biomedical sector is underdeveloped. In terms of the Internet-economy, the Netherlands seem oriented towards global trends more than South Korea; this may be due to the high component of services in the Dutch economy.
Mida toob kaasa võimalus osutada tervishoiuteenuseid piiranguteta kogu Euroopa Liidus?
Creators: name: Amos, Mari
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2012
Subjects: piiriülene tervishoid, ravikulud, patsientide õigused

description: Ülevaate eesmärgiks on tuua välja peamised muudatused tervishoiu korralduses, mis kaasnevad Euroopa Parlamendi ja Euroopa Liidu Nõukogu direktiivi 2011/24/EL patsiendiõiguste kohaldamise kohta piiriüleses tervishoius ülevõtmisega.
 Direktiivi ülevõtmine tingib Eestis kehtiva õiguse muutmist ning seetõttu on oodata teatavaid uuendusi nii tervishoiuteenuse osutajate, patsientide kui ka riigi jaoks. Peamiseks direktiivi mõjuks on võimalus saada ja osutada tervishoiuteenuseid Euroopa Liidus ilma seni kehtinud administratiivsete piiranguteta. Patsient saab tervishoiuteenuste tarbimisel tagasi hüvitise oma elukohariigis viisil, nagu oleks hüvitatud teenuste tarbimine või ravimite ja meditsiiniseadmete ost oma riigis. Siiski on piiriülene teenuste osutamine ja tarbimine allutatud kindlatele reeglitele. Alates 25. oktoobrist 2013 peavad teenuseosutajad arvestama kohustusega kindlustada oma vastutus, viia läbi senisest ulatuslikum patsientide nõustamine, dokumenteerida välismaalastele osutatud teenused ning need dokumendid piiriüleselt kättesaadavaks teha jne. Patsiendid peavad aga teadvustama, et teatud juhtudel võidakse siiski säilitada piiranguid hüvitise maksmisele kas eelloa või keskse ravijärjekorra vormis. Direktiivi realiseerumine loob soodsad võimalused nii riikide kui ka asutuste koostööks mitmes valdkonnas, millest olulisematena olgu mainitud haruldaste haiguste diagnoosimine ja ravi, tervisetehnoloogiate hindamine, eksperdikeskuste tugivõrgustike väljaarendamine ja erinevad üleeuroopalised e-lahendused.
 Riigil on kohustus luua riiklik kontaktpunkt direktiivi elluviimisega seonduvate aspektide selgitamiseks nii patsientidele, teenuseosutajatele, tervishoiutöötajatele, ametkondadele kui ka teistele asjast huvitatutele.

Eesti Arst 2012; 91(11):595–602
description: Eesti Arst, Detsember 2012
Sinovenoosne tromboos lastel: kirjanduse ülevaade ja kogemus Eestis
Creators: name: Laugesaar, Rael
name: Pajusalu, Sander
name: Toome, Liis
name: Kolk, Anneli
name: Tomberg, Tiiu
name: Ilves, Pilvi
name: Eelmäe, Imbi
name: Talvik, Inga
name: Talvik, Tiina
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2012
Subjects: sinovenoosne tromboos, perinataalne insult, lapseea insult

description: Tänu aju piltdiagnostika paranenud võimalustele ning suurenenud teadlikkusele diagnoositakse aju sinovenoosset tromboosi üha sagedamini. Artikli eesmärgiks on anda ülevaade laste sinovenoosse tromboosi esinemisest, sümptomitest, riskiteguritest, diagnoosimisest ja ravist ning kirjeldada Eesti lastel diagnoositud sinovenoosse tromboosi juhte.
 Sinovenoosset tromboosi esineb nii vastsündinutel kui ka vanematel lastel (vanuses 1 kuu kuni 18 aastat). Väheste epidemioloogiliste uuringute andmetel on sinovenoosse tromboosi haigestumus 0,25–0,67 juhtu 100 000 lapse kohta aastas. Sinovenoosse tromboosi sümptomid on mittespetsiifilised: sagedamini esinevad neuroloogilised üldsümptomid, umbes pooltel haigetest kaasneb ka neuroloogiline koldesümptomaatika. Vastsündinute puhul on sagedasemateks sümptomiteks hingamishäired, krambid, toitmisraskused ja lihashüpotoonia. Enamasti on sinovenoosset tromboosi põhjustav tegur tuvastatav: sagedasemateks põhjusteks on pea- ja kaelainfektsioonid, dehüdratatsioon, omandatud või pärilik trombofiilia; vastsündinute puhul on olulised ka raseduse ja/või sünnitusega seotud tegurid. Aju sinovenoosse tromboosi diagnoosimise valikmeetoditeks on magnetresonantstomograafia koos magnetresonantsvenograafiaga ja kompuutertomograafia (KT) koos KT-venograafiaga. Laste sinovenoosse tromboosi ravi koosneb toetavast sümptomaatilisest ravist ning antikogulantravist.
 Eestis on aastatel 2005–2011 diagnoositud sinovenoosset tromboosi 5 vastsündinul ja 5 lapsel (keskmine vanus 6,8 aastat). Sümptomid olid valdavalt mittespetsiifilised. Sagedasemateks riskiteguriteks vastsündinueas olid komplitseeritud sünnitus ning kaasasündinud trombofiilia. Lapseea sinovenoosse tromboosi riskiteguriteks olid dehüdratatsioon, mastoidiit, nefrootiline sündroom (omandatud trombofiilia) ja kaasasündinud trombofiilia. 8 juhul 10-st diagnoositi sinovenoosne tromboos nelja päeva jooksul pärast sümptomite tekkimist, kahel juhul diagnoos hilines tunduvalt. Varast antikoagulantravi rakendati 10 patsiendist 6 juhul.
 Kokkuvõtteks, kuna sinovenoosse tromboosi sümptomid on mittespetsiifi lised, siis tuleb vastsündinute ja laste teadvushäirete ja/või neuroloogiliste sümptomite korral neuroradioloogist uuringut tellides mõelda tromboosi võimalusele aju venoosses süsteemis.

Eesti Arst 2012; 91(11):604–609
description: Eesti Arst, Detsember 2012
Filgrastiimi ja somatropiini sisaldavad sarnased bioloogilised ravimid
Creators: name: Harrison, Pille
name: Laius, Ott
name: Irs, Alar
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2012
Subjects: sarnased bioloogilised ravimid, somatropiin, filgrastiim, kliiniline uuring, asendamine, ohutusjärelevalve

description: Viimases kolmest sarnaseid bioloogilisi ravimeid käsitlevast artiklist (1, 2) on eesmärgiks kirjeldada Euroopa Liidus müügiloa saanud granulotsüüdi kolooniat stimuleeriva faktori (G-CSF, f ilgrasti im) ja kasvuhormooni (somatropiin) preparaatidega (vt tabel 1) tehtud kliinilisi ravimiuuringuid. Nagu teistegi sarnaste bioloogiliste ravimite puhul tuli tootjail tõestada, et bioloogilisest tootmisprotsessist tingitud erinevustel puudub kliiniline tähtsus, s.t et sarnaste bioloogiliste ravimite efektiivsust ja ohutust võib pidada võrdseks originaal- ehk viidatava ravimi omaga.

Eesti Arst 2012; 91(11):611–615
description: Eesti Arst, Detsember 2012
title: Political Problems of Emerging Rural Subdivisions in Kane County, Utah
Creators: name: Haycock, R. C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: The emerging seasonal subdivisions in the rural mountainous regions of Kane County was the focus of this study . A native of Kanab, county seat, the author has been in a position to witness the development of these projects. The desired purpose of the study was to ascertain the degree of involvement of local government and to indicate problems, their solutions and consequences. The problems encountered in analyzing these developments are basically those that must be faced by any new emerging community.
No individual study was discovered that dealt with the specific locality under consideration. Of very recent origin, the developments have provided little time for in depth analysis. The absence of related studies has offered the author more personal contact with involved individuals than might otherwise have been the case.
The author attempted to view the subdivisions as seen by both subdivider and governing official. Written questionnaires, personal interviews and informal discussions, on-site inspection of subdivisions , vis its to county offices, letters, and telephone interviews have provided the background material for this thesis.
The study resulted in the following observations:
1. Local government must engage in long-range planning to effectively deal with the problems of the subdivisions.
2. Failure to adequately prepare now will necessitate far greater expenditures in future county operations.
3. As the problems continue to grow, so, too , will the cost of their eradication or containment.
4. Intergovernmental cooperative studies appear to be a logical method of determining overall effect of the problems.
5. Restructuring of local government may become necessary.
Simulations of Supersonic Turbulence in Molecular Clouds: Evidence for a New Universality
Creators: name: Kritsuk, Alexei G.
name: Ustyugov, Sergey D.
name: Norman, Michael L.
name: Padoan, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use three-dimensional simulations to study the statistics of supersonic turbulence in molecular clouds. Our numerical experiments describe driven turbulent flows with an isothermal equation of state, Mach numbers around 10, and various degrees of magnetization. We first support the so-called 1/3-rule of Kritsuk et al. 2007 with our new data from a larger 2048^3 simulation. We then attempt to extend the 1/3-rule to supersonic MHD turbulence and get encouraging preliminary results based on a set of 512^3 simulations. Our results suggest an interesting new approach to tackle universal scaling relations and intermittency in supersonic MHD turbulence.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, corrected typos; ASTRONUM-2008 "Numerical Modeling of Space Plasma Flows", St. John, US Virgin Islands, June 2008, ASP Conf. Series, 406, 15-22 (2009); animations available at http://akpc.ucsd.edu/Isothermal/2048Ma6
2D Magnetic Semiconductors via Substitutional Doping of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Fang, Mengqi
name: Yang, Eui-Hyeok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are two-dimensional (2D) materials with remarkable electrical, optical and chemical properties. One promising strategy to tailor TMD properties of TMDs is to create alloys through dopant-induced modification. Dopants can introduce additional states within the bandgap of TMDs, leading to changes in their optical, electronic, and magnetic properties. This paper overviews chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods to introduce dopants into TMD monolayers. The advantages and limitations and their impacts on the doped TMDs' structural, electrical, optical, and magnetic properties are discussed. The dopants in TMDs modify the density and type of carriers in the material, thereby influencing the optical properties of the materials. The TMDs' magnetic moment and circular dichroism are also strongly affected by doping, which enhances the magnetic signal in the material. Finally, we highlight the different doping-induced magnetic properties of TMDs, including superexchange-induced ferromagnetism and valley Zeeman shift. Overall, this review paper provides a comprehensive summary of magnetic TMDs synthesized via CVD, which can guide future research on doped TMDs for various applications, such as spintronics, optoelectronics, and magnetic memory devices.
Additional file 4 of The Bdkrb2 gene family provides a novel view of viviparity adaptation in Sebastes schlegelii
Creators: name: Niu, Jingjing
name: Song, Weihao
name: Li, Rui
name: Yu, Haiyang
name: Guan, Jian
name: Qi, Jie
name: He, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S3. Similarity comparison of nucleotide sequences of the Bdkrb2 ORF in black rock fish. Ssc_13, Ssc_10023113; Ssc_14, Ssc_10023114; Ssc_15, Ssc_10023115; Ssc_16, Ssc_10023116; Ssc_17, Ssc_10023117; Ssc_18, Ssc_10023118; Ssc_19, Ssc_10023119; Ssc_20, Ssc_10023120. The results are shaded to four levels. Dark shadows indicate very high conservative amino acid residues.
The beta to gamma (insulator-metal) transition in BiFeO3
Creators: name: Arnold, Donna C.
name: Knight, Kevin S.
name: Catalan, Gustau
name: Redfern, Simon A. T.
name: Scott, James F.
name: Lightfoot, Philip
name: Morrison, Finlay D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High temperature powder neutron diffraction experiments have been conducted around the reported beta-gamma, insulator-metal phase transition (~ 930 C) in BiFeO3. The results demonstrate that while a small volume contraction is observed at the transition temperature, consistent with an insulator-metal transition, both the beta and gamma phase of BiFeO3 exhibit orthorhombic symmetry i.e. no further increase of symmetry occurs under the present experimental conditions, contrary to previous suggestions. Furthermore we observe the gamma orthorhombic phase to persist up to a temperature of approximately 950 C before complete decomposition into Bi2Fe4O9 (and liquid Bi2O3), which subsequently begins to decompose at approximately 960 C.
Influence of N,N,N-trimethyl-1-adamantyl ammonium (TMAda+) Structure Directing Agent on Al Pair Distributions and Features in Chabazite Zeolite
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoyu
name: Wang, Yujia
name: Moini, Ahmad
name: Gounder, Rajamani
name: Maginn, Edward J.
name: Schneider, William F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While organic structure directing agents (OSDAs) are well known to have a directional influence on the topology of a crystallizing zeolite, the relationship between OSDA charge and siting of aliovalent ions on a primarily siliceous framework is unclear. Here, we explore the relationship between OSDA orientation, Al3+ siting, and lattice energy, taking as a model system CHA zeolite occluded with N,N,N-trimethyl-1-adamantyl ammonium (TMAda+) at an Si/Al ratio of 11/1. We use density functional theory calculations to parametrize a fixed-charge classical model describing van der Waals and electrostatic interactions between framework and OSDA. We enumerate and explore all possible combinations of OSDA orientation and Al location (attending to Lowenstein's rule) within a 36 T-site supercell. We find that interaction energies vary over 60 kJ/double-six-ring-unit (d6r). Further, analysis of configurations reveals that energies are sensitive to Al-Al proximity, such that low energies are associated with Al3+ pairs in 8-membered rings and higher energies associated with Al3+ pairs in smaller 6- and 4-membered rings. Comparisons with Al siting inferred from CHA zeolite crystallized with TMAda+ suggests that these computed interaction energies are useful reporters of observed Al siting in CHA synthesized with TMAda+.
New error bounds for Legendre approximations of differentiable functions
Creators: name: Wang, Haiyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we present a new perspective on error analysis of Legendre approximations for differentiable functions. We start by introducing a sequence of Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto polynomials and prove their theoretical properties, such as an explicit and optimal upper bound. We then apply these properties to derive a new and explicit bound for the Legendre coefficients of differentiable functions and establish some explicit and optimal error bounds for Legendre projections in the $L^2$ and $L^{\infty}$ norms. Illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate the sharpness of our new results.
description: Some typos in the first version have been corrected
A Helmholtz-type decomposition for the space of symmetric matrices
Creators: name: Miller, Evan
name: Sawyer, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30, 35Q35, 76A02

description: In this paper, we introduce a Helmholtz-type decomposition for the space of square integrable, symmetric-matrix-valued functions analogous to the standard Helmholtz decomposition for vector fields. This decomposition provides a better understanding of the strain constraint space, which is important to the Navier--Stokes regularity problem. In particular, we give a full characterization the orthogonal complement of the strain constraint space and investigate the geometry of the eigenvalue distribution of matrices in the strain constraint space.
String Gas Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Alberghi, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a possible realization of the spontaneous baryogenesis mechanism in the context of extra-dimensional string cosmology and specifically in the string gas scenario.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with 0808.0746 by different author
title: An Evaluation of Selected Aspects of the Student Teaching Program in Physical Education at Utah State University
Creators: name: Andreasen, Clifford R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: This study was an attempt to determine through a survey of opinions to what extent the objectives, methods and procedures were effectively being accomplished in the professional preparation of student teachers in physical education at Utah State University.
A questionnaire was developed and administered to student teachers who were currently completing their student teaching experience, and mailed to graduates who had completed their preparation program between 1966 and 1971.
The areas surveyed, the pre-student teaching preparation, the assistance given by the university supervisor and the assistance rendered by the cooperating teacher were for the most part found to be adequate according to a majority of the opinions returned.
The areas considered to be below adequate in the preparation program regarding the pre-student teacher preparation were items involving the school services and how they affect the student teaching assignment, techniques in self-disciplining student groups, communicating with parents, understanding social and cultural background of students and general techniques of discipline.
The assistance provided by the university supervisor was considered be low adequate in the areas related to extra duties expected of teachers, fostering an understanding of a full year program, and locating and utilizing teaching materials.
The cooperating teacher assistance was considered below adequate in areas regarding opportunities to observe other teachers in the school, developing teaching materials, selecting appropriate media for methods used, working professionally with other colleagues, and providing teaching situations that would link theory with practice.
The supervisory assistance, according to a comparison of male and female opinion, seems to indicate that the university supervisor responsible for the male student teachers experienced a more effective accomplishment.
The male cooperating teachers were found to be more effective in many of the areas considered than were the female cooperating teachers.
Detrended Fluctuation Analysis of Systolic Blood Pressure Control Loop
Creators: name: Galhardo, C. E. C.
name: Penna, T. J. P.
name: de Menezes, M. Argollo
name: Soares, P. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We use detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) to study the dynamics of blood pressure oscillations and its feedback control in rats by analyzing systolic pressure time series before and after a surgical procedure that interrupts its control loop. We found, for each situation, a crossover between two scaling regions characterized by exponents that reflect the nature of the feedback control and its range of operation. In addition, we found evidences of adaptation in the dynamics of blood pressure regulation a few days after surgical disruption of its main feedback circuit. Based on the paradigm of antagonistic, bipartite (vagal and sympathetic) action of the central nerve system, we propose a simple model for pressure homeostasis as the balance between two nonlinear opposing forces, successfully reproducing the crossover observed in the DFA of actual pressure signals.
title: Impact of Local/Short-Haul Operations on Driver Fatigue: Field Study [TechBrief]
Creators: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration: Technology Division
Publisher: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01jt5mq34
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2001
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91739
subject: Drivers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91813
subject: Fatigue (Physiological condition)
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88571
subject: Hours of labor

description: In local/short-haul (L/SH) operations, commercial motor vehicle drivers primarily make trips of 100 miles or less from their home bases. L/SH activity includes local “pickup and delivery (P&D)” as well as other kinds of operations. Though researchers have examined the effects of driver fatigue and other safety issues in long-haul operations, they know little about how those issues affect L/SH operations—the largest segment of the trucking industry. Local service trucks account for 58% of large truck registrations, 28% of miles traveled, and 38% of fatal crash involvements.

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) conducted a two-phased research project on the safety issues in L/SH operations and the extent to which fatigue is an issue in the industry. Researchers convened focus group sessions in Phase I, then conducted a field study in Phase II to determine objectively if fatigue is a safety issue in L/SH trucking.
title: Ideal Size of Family Among Unmarried Females in Northern Utah
Creators: name: Johnson, Ronald B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: Preferences of the size of family and the relationship between the size of family and a number of socio-economic and demographic variables were studied among high school senior girls in three northern Utah counties by a special survey.
The questionnaire specifically designed for the study was administered between November 1967 and February 1968 in all high schools in Cache, Box Elder and Rich counties with the exception of Logan High School in Logan and Box Elder High School in Brigham City.
Two questions were used to elicit the answers on the preference of family size; one was designed to elicit an answer with the respondent as the point of reference and the other was the "generalized other" as a reference point. Both sets of data were cross-tabulated with socio-economic and demographic variables.
Both data indicated that the mean number of children desired was 4.4 and 4.3 for the family of "generalized others" and the respondent's own family respectively.
A weak relationship was found between the ideal size of family and the education of respondent's mother and father, income, religion, residence, occupation, and the demographic variable, the respondent's own family size. The data also indicated that those with a belief in birth control prefer a smaller family than those who do not believe in the use of contraceptive devices.
Due to the sample size and the exploratory nature of the study, relationships between ideal size of family and the selected number of variables can only be suggestive.
Exploring $HVV$ amplitudes with $CP$ violation by decomposition and on-shell scattering amplitude methods
Creators: name: Feng, Ke-Yao
name: Wan, Xia
name: Wang, You-Kai
name: Wu, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $CP$ violation may play an important role in Baryogenesis in early universe, and should be examined at colliders comprehensively. We study $CP$ properties of $HVV$ vertexes between Higgs and gauge boson pairs with defining a $CP$ violation phase angle $ξ$, which indicates the mixture of $CP$-even and $CP$-odd Higgs states in $HVV$ in new physics. A series of $HVV$ amplitudes $H\toγγ, H\toγV\to γ\ell\ell$, and $H\to VV\to 4\ell$ with $CP$ phase angle are studied systematically, which explains explicitly why $CP$ violation could only be probed in $4\ell$ process independently. We get a novel amplitude decomposition relation which illustrates if two preconditions (multilinear momentum dependent vertexes and current $J_μ$ of $V\to \ell^+ \ell^-$ is formally proportional to a photon's polarization vector) are satisfied, an high-point amplitude can be decomposed into a summation of a series of low-point amplitudes. As a practical example, the amplitude of $H\toγV\to γ\ell\ell$, and $H\to VV\to 4\ell$ processes can be decomposed into summation of many $H\toγγ$ amplitudes. Meanwhile, we calculate these amplitudes in the framework of on-shell scattering amplitude method, with considering both massless and massive vector gauge bosons with $CP$ violation phase angle. The above two approaches provides consistent results and exhibit clearly the $CP$ violation $ξ$ dependence in the amplitudes.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures
An Indicator of Research Front Activity: Measuring Intellectual Organization as Uncertainty Reduction in Document Sets
Creators: name: Lucio-Arias, Diana
name: Leydesdorff, Loet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When using scientific literature to model scholarly discourse, a research specialty can be operationalized as an evolving set of related documents. Each publication can be expected to contribute to the further development of the specialty at the research front. The specific combinations of title words and cited references in a paper can then be considered as a signature of the knowledge claim in the paper: new words and combinations of words can be expected to represent variation, while each paper is at the same time selectively positioned into the intellectual organization of a field using context-relevant references. Can the mutual information among these three dimensions--title words, cited references, and sequence numbers--be used as an indicator of the extent to which intellectual organization structures the uncertainty prevailing at a research front? The effect of the discovery of nanotubes (1991) on the previously existing field of fullerenes is used as a test case. Thereafter, this method is applied to science studies with a focus on scientometrics using various sample delineations. An emerging research front about citation analysis can be indicated.
TRACS - Transformer for Video Captioning and Summarisation.pdf
Creators: name: Zutshi, Anand
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80104 Computer Vision
subject: 80106 Image Processing

description: Video summarisation is the process of creating a meaningful and self-explanatory summary of a given video by automatically selecting keyframes and thus creating a short and concise video summary of the original video clip. Video captioning refers to the task of automatically generating natural language description of a given video to provide some additional or interpretive information. Video summarisation and video captioning are often considered as two different tasks, each with a diverse application field. Thus, we propose an approach to jointly combine these two tasks and present a model which generates a short video summary along with a relevant caption. We make use of self-attention based transformer network combined with Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) with multiple hidden layers for video captioning and video summarisation. We aim to demonstrate that the joint model can attain better performance than many of the previous approaches in both of the individual tasks. Our proposed model is based on the fact that both of the above mentioned tasks of captioning and summarisation will improve the performance of the other one as both the tasks are complementary to each other
Stress ja eluga toimetulek erinevas elueas (sotsioloogiline aspekt)
Creators: name: Kelam, Aili
name: Laidmäe, Virve-Ines
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: stress, vanus, perekond, töö, majanduslik olukord

description: Eesti  ühiskonnas  toimunud  murrangulised  sotsiaal-majanduslikud  muutused  on
mõjutanud  inimeste  toimetulekut  ja  sellega  seoses  ka  terviseseisundit. On  suurenenud  vaimne  pinge.  Stressi  suhtes  kriitiliseks  rühmaks  on  naised,  eriti  vanemaealised.  Selle  põhjuseks ei ole ainuüksi naiste suurem emotsionaalsus ja tundlikkus, vaid objektiivsed  mõjurid  nii  pereelus,  töösfääris  kui majanduslikus  olukorras,  kus  naistel  on meestest  enam stressi tekitavaid asjaolusid. Artikli aluseks on elanikkonnaküsitluse “Eesti 98” ja  küsitluse “Naine, perekond ja töö 2000” materjalid.
description: Eesti Arst, November 2003
Meson supercurrents and the Meissner effect in the Sakai-Sugimoto model
Creators: name: Rebhan, Anton
name: Schmitt, Andreas
name: Stricker, Stefan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sakai-Sugimoto model provides a holographic description for chiral symmetry breaking. We use this model to investigate chirally broken phases in an external magnetic field at finite isospin and baryon chemical potentials. The equations of motion for the bulk gauge fields are solved analytically and the free energy is computed from the Yang-Mills and Chern-Simons contributions to the D8 brane action. In the case of a neutral pion condensate, a magnetic field is found to induce nonzero gradients of the Goldstone boson fields corresponding to meson supercurrents. A charged pion condensate, on the other hand, expels the magnetic field due to the Meissner effect. Upon comparing the Gibbs free energies of these two phases we find that the rotation of the chiral condensate into a charged pion condensate for finite isospin chemical potentials is partially undone by switching on a magnetic field, and we determine the critical magnetic field which removes the charged pion condensate in a first-order phase transition.
description: 46 pages, 5 figures, v2: small modifications and added footnotes in discussion of axial current and number density (p19, p24); typos corrected; references added; version to appear in JHEP
title: The Role Expectations of the City Manager -- a Comparison Between Some City Managers in Los Angeles County, California, and the State of Utah
Creators: name: Kemavuthanon, Narong
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: This study attempts to find out the role expectations of the city managers in the policy processes of urban government by using the survey research method. Fourteen managers from Los Angeles , California, and eight managers from Utah selected at random were administered a questionnaire with ten specific statements about a city manager's role in urban· politics. The main hypothesis of the thesis was:
The policy role expectations of the city managers in Los Angeles County, California, and in the State of Utah differ because of:

1. the rise of the political boss or the mayor;
2. the discretionary powers given to the city managers;
3. the types of education the city managers have had;

4. the size of the city population; and

5. geographical and environmental differences.

The data reveal that these variables , viz., advanced education,mayoral election, the discretionary powers given to the city managers, types of education , and the size of the city population and the differences of geography and environment are crucial factors that affect the role expectations of the city managers in the two areas selected for study.

In Los Angeles County, California, the city managers tend to take a strong stand on initiation and participation in policy processes, whereas, in the State of Utah the city managers were content to abide by the mandates of the council. The concept of policy-administration dichotomy did not seem to bother the Los Angeles County city managers and they tended to feel it was out-moded and not practical in a complex situation of today's cities.
Assessment of Neural Network Augmented Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes Turbulence Model in Extrapolation Modes
Creators: name: Bhushan, Shanti
name: Burgreen, Greg W.
name: Brewer, Wesley
name: Dettwiller, Ian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A machine-learned (ML) model is developed to enhance the accuracy of turbulence transport equations of Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) solver and applied for periodic hill test case, which involves complex flow regimes, such as attached boundary layer, shear-layer, and separation and reattachment. The accuracy of the model is investigated in extrapolation modes, i.e., the test case has much larger separation bubble and higher turbulence than the training cases. A parametric study is also performed to understand the effect of network hyperparameters on training and model accuracy and to quantify the uncertainty in model accuracy due to the non-deterministic nature of the neural network training. The study revealed that, for any network, less than optimal mini-batch size results in overfitting, and larger than optimal batch size reduces accuracy. Data clustering is found to be an efficient approach to prevent the machine-learned model from over-training on more prevalent flow regimes, and results in a model with similar accuracy using almost one-third of the training dataset. Feature importance analysis reveals that turbulence production is correlated with shear strain in the free-shear region, with shear strain and wall-distance and local velocity-based Reynolds number in the boundary layer regime, and with streamwise velocity gradient in the accelerating flow regime. The flow direction is found to be key in identifying flow separation and reattachment regime. Machine-learned models perform poorly in extrapolation mode, wherein the prediction shows less than 10% correlation with Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). A priori tests reveal that model predictability improves significantly as the hill dataset is partially added during training in a partial extrapolation model, e.g., with the addition of only 5% of the hill data increases correlation with DNS to 80%.
description: 50 pages, 18 figures
title: The Relationship Between Matric Water and Related Physiological Properties
Creators: name: Al-Saadi, Hussain Ali
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: Matric water was measured as the water retained by plant material on a pressure membrane or ultra filter after equilibration under 20 bars nitrogen gas pressure and the removal of free water. At increasing pressures lesser amounts of water are held by matric or colloidal surface forces. Twenty bars pressure, supplied by cylinder nitrogen for 48 hours, was used in this study. Matric water was expressed as a percent of either (a) the dry weight or (b) the original water content. Plant material was oven dried, ground, and then saturated with water prior to the determination.
The matric water values of different aged leaves from a number of local species were studied. The highest values of matric water were found in the younger leaves. Both matric water and original moisture content were higher for spring than for fall or midwinter values. The linear relationship between matric water and original moisture content was established for all trees studied. Another linear relation was found between either the matric water or the water content of the tree leaves and the inverse of their age in months.
Petioles had a higher matric water value as well as a water content than leaf blades in all the species studied. Roots and old stems had the lowest values of matric water.
The matric water values increased during the cold hardening of Cabbage leaves. No appreciable differences in the matric water values for Sunflower leaves grown under different temperatures were found.
The crude protein and cell wall materials were isolated and their matric water values studied. Crude proteins had a higher value of matric water than cell wall materials alone. The matric water values of several biocolloidal materials were determined also. Agar had the highest value of matric water, fibrous cellulose the lowest, and the proteins had intermediate values.
Väikelaste ortodontilise ravi efektiivsusest standardsete raviaparaatidega
Creators: name: Tõniste, Maarja
name: Varul, Raul
name: Nõmmela, Rita
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: lasteaialapsed, hambumusanomaaliad, standardsed ortodontilised raviaparaadid

description: Väikelaste  ortodontiliseks  raviks  on  loodud  standardne  aparaat  Interrim”G”Retainer  (firma Ortho-Tain,  USA),  mis  on  näidustatud  mitmete  anomaaliate  raviks  nagu  sügav  kattumine, sagitaalne lahi, hammaste kuhjumine, ruumi ülejääk, hammaste pöörded. Aparaadi efektiivsuse uuringul  osutus  raviaparaati  kasutanud  laste  hambakaare  laienemine  intensiivsemaks.  Raviaparaat sobis ka kontakti saamiseks pelglike lastega, halbade harjumuste võõrutamiseks, valikuvõimalusena  lastele,  kes  ei  soovinud  kasutada  individuaalset  aparaati  ööpäev ringi,  ning  tänu soodsale hinnale.
description: Eesti Arst, November 2003
Amicable Aid: Perturbing Images to Improve Classification Performance
Creators: name: Kim, Juyeop
name: Choi, Jun-Ho
name: Jang, Soobeom
name: Lee, Jong-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While adversarial perturbation of images to attack deep image classification models pose serious security concerns in practice, this paper suggests a novel paradigm where the concept of image perturbation can benefit classification performance, which we call amicable aid. We show that by taking the opposite search direction of perturbation, an image can be modified to yield higher classification confidence and even a misclassified image can be made correctly classified. This can be also achieved with a large amount of perturbation by which the image is made unrecognizable by human eyes. The mechanism of the amicable aid is explained in the viewpoint of the underlying natural image manifold. Furthermore, we investigate the universal amicable aid, i.e., a fixed perturbation can be applied to multiple images to improve their classification results. While it is challenging to find such perturbations, we show that making the decision boundary as perpendicular to the image manifold as possible via training with modified data is effective to obtain a model for which universal amicable perturbations are more easily found.
description: ICASSP 2023
title: An Evaluation of Vocational Shorthand Competency Attained in Utah High Schools
Creators: name: Talbot, Alden A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: A sample U. S. Civil Service shorthand test was given to 2,336 students of 66 Utah high school shorthand instructors to determine the efficiency of shorthand students in taking shorthand at 80 words per minute and transcribing it with 95 per cent accuracy. The test was also used to compare shorthand achievement through the use of typewriters in shorthand instruction, the location of the school, the size of class by number of students, and the length of the class period. Test scores were used as the means of comparison.
The test results were coded and punched into cards. These cards were then tabulated by a computer and results were placed in table form for comparison at the .05 level of significance.
Only 4.31 per cent of the students taking the test passed it with 95 per cent accuracy-- .4 per cent of the first -year students and 15.1 per cent of the second-year shorthand students.
The programs of teaching had no effect on the students learning at the first- or second-year levels of instruction. The location of the school had an effect only on the second-year students where students did better in rural schools than in urban schools. The use of typewriters, class size, and class length all ad a significant effect on the students' learning of shorthand according to the test results compared in this study.
Magnetic fields generated by r-modes in accreting millisecond pulsars
Creators: name: Cuofano, Carmine
name: Drago, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In rotating neutron stars the existence of the Coriolis force allows the presence of the so-called Rossby oscillations (r-modes) which are know to be unstable to emission of gravitational waves. Here, for the first time, we introduce the magnetic damping rate in the evolution equations of r-modes. We show that r-modes can generate very strong toroidal fields in the core of accreting millisecond pulsars by inducing differential rotation. We shortly discuss the instabilities of the generated magnetic field and its long time-scale evolution in order to clarify how the generated magnetic field can stabilize the star.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Revised and substantially extended version
Coefficient Quivers, $\mathbb{F}_1$-Representations, and Euler Characteristics of Quiver Grassmannians
Creators: name: Jun, Jaiung
name: Sistko, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20 (Primary) 05E10, 16T30, 17B35 (Secondary)

description: A quiver representation assigns a vector space to each vertex, and a linear map to each arrow. When one considers the category $\textrm{Vect}(\mathbb{F}_1)$ of vector spaces ``over $\mathbb{F}_1$'' (the field with one element), one obtains $\mathbb{F}_1$-representations of a quiver. In this paper, we study representations of a quiver over the field with one element in connection to coefficient quivers. To be precise, we prove that the category $\textrm{Rep}(Q,\mathbb{F}_1)$ is equivalent to the (suitably defined) category of coefficient quivers over $Q$. This provides a conceptual way to see Euler characteristics of a class of quiver Grassmannians as the number of ``$\mathbb{F}_1$-rational points'' of quiver Grassmannians. We generalize techniques originally developed for string and band modules to compute the Euler characteristics of quiver Grassmannians associated to $\mathbb{F}_1$-representations. These techniques apply to a large class of $\mathbb{F}_1$-representations, which we call the $\mathbb{F}_1$-representations with finite nice length: we prove sufficient conditions for an $\mathbb{F}_1$-representation to have finite nice length, and classify such representations for certain families of quivers. Finally, we explore the Hall algebras associated to $\mathbb{F}_1$-representations of quivers. We answer the question of how a change in orientation affects the Hall algebra of nilpotent $\mathbb{F}_1$-representations of a quiver with bounded representation type. We also discuss Hall algebras associated to representations with finite nice length, and compute them for certain families of quivers.
description: 50 pages, majors revisions to exposition, new appendix. To appear in Nagoya Math. J
Viirusnakkuste laboratoorse diagnoosimise üldised põhimõtted
Creators: name: Subi, Kiira
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: diagnoosimismeetodid, diagnoosimise eesmärgid, diagnoosimise organiseerimine

description: Tehnoloogia kiire areng  ja uute  viiruste avastamine on  tinginud üha uute  laboratoorse diagnoosimise  käsiraamatute  või  kordustrükkide  väljaandmise.  Samal  ajal  pole  aga viirusnakkuste  laboratoorse  diagnoosimise  põhimõtted  oluliselt  muutunud,  seetõttu kiputakse  neid  vähe  käsitlema  või  hoopiski  unustama (1).  Tuleb  arvestada,  et tehnoloogial  põhinevad  diagnoosimismeetodid  ei  anna  otseselt diagnoosi, vaid viirusnakkusele viitavaid näitajaid, mille tõlgendamise tulemusena alles sünnib diagnoos. Artikkel  ongi  mõeldud  viirusnakkuste  laboratoorse  diagnoosimise  põhimõtete tutvustamiseks või meenutamiseks.
description: Eesti Arst, November 2003
Contractions of quantum algebraic structures
Creators: name: Doikou, Anastasia
name: Sfetsos, Konstadinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general framework for obtaining certain types of contracted and centrally extended algebras is presented. The whole process relies on the existence of quadratic algebras, which appear in the context of boundary integrable models.
description: 6 pages, Latex. Proceedings contribution to the "9th Hellenic School on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity" Corfu, September 2009. Based on a talk given by A.D