cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diffusion leaky LMS algorithm: analysis and implementation
Creators: name: Lu, Lu
name: Zhao, Haiquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The diffusion least-mean square (dLMS) algorithms have attracted much attention owing to its robustness for distributed estimation problems. However, the performance of such filters may change when they are implemented for suppressing noises from speech signals. To overcome this problem, a diffusion leaky dLMS algorithm is proposed in this work, which is characterized by its numerical stability and small misadjustment for noisy speech signals when the unknown system is a lowpass filter. Finally, two implementations of the leaky dLMS are introduced. It is demonstrated that the leaky dLMS can be effectively introduced into a noise reduction network for speech signals.
description: Start from Feb. 7th, 2016. In simulation studies, the unknown vector of interest is a lowpass filter of order M=5
Phase Retrieval: From Computational Imaging to Machine Learning
Creators: name: Dong, Jonathan
name: Valzania, Lorenzo
name: Maillard, Antoine
name: Pham, Thanh-an
name: Gigan, Sylvain
name: Unser, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase retrieval consists in the recovery of a complex-valued signal from intensity-only measurements. As it pervades a broad variety of applications, many researchers have striven to develop phase-retrieval algorithms. Classical approaches involve techniques as varied as generic gradient-descent routines or specialized spectral methods, to name a few. Yet, the phase-recovery problem remains a challenge to this day. Recently, however, advances in machine learning have revitalized the study of phase retrieval in two ways: significant theoretical advances have emerged from the analogy between phase retrieval and single-layer neural networks; practical breakthroughs have been obtained thanks to deep-learning regularization. In this tutorial, we review phase retrieval under a unifying framework that encompasses classical and machine-learning methods. We focus on three key elements: applications, overview of recent reconstruction algorithms, and the latest theoretical results.
Characterizing nonclassical correlations of tensorizing states in a bilocal scenario
Creators: name: Bhuvaneswari, S.
name: Muthuganesan, R.
name: Radha, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we attempt to address the question of "can tensorizing states have quantum advantages?". To answer this question, we exploit the notion of measurement-induced nonlocality (MIN) and advocate a fidelity based nonbilocal measure to capture the nonlocal effects of tensorizing states due to locally invariant von Neumann projective measurements. We show that the properties of the fidelity based nonbilocal measure are retrieved from that of MIN. Analytically, we evaluate the nonbilocal measure for any arbitrary pure state. The upper bounds of the nonbilocal measure based on fidelity are also obtained in terms of eigenvalues of correlation matrix. As an illustration, we have computed the nonbilocality for some popular input states.
description: 14 pages, two figures
An Efficient Pattern Mining Convolution Neural Network (CNN) algorithm with Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO)
Creators: name: Jamshed, Aatif
name: Mallick, Bhawna
name: Bharti, Rajendra Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automation of feature analysis in the dynamic image frame dataset deals with complexity of intensity mapping with normal and abnormal class. The threshold-based data clustering and feature analysis requires iterative model to learn the component of image frame in multi-pattern for different image frame data type. This paper proposed a novel model of feature analysis method with the CNN based on Convoluted Pattern of Wavelet Transform (CPWT) feature vectors that are optimized by Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm. Initially, the image frame gets normalized by applying median filter to the image frame that reduce the noise and apply smoothening on it. From that, the edge information represents the boundary region of bright spot in the image frame. Neural network-based image frame classification performs repeated learning of the feature with minimum training of dataset to cluster the image frame pixels. Features of the filtered image frame was analyzed in different pattern of feature extraction model based on the convoluted model of wavelet transformation method. These features represent the different class of image frame in spatial and textural pattern of it. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classifier supports to analyze the features and classify the action label for the image frame dataset. This process enhances the classification with minimum number of training dataset. The performance of this proposed method can be validated by comparing with traditional state-of-art methods.
Photorefractive and computational holography in the experimental generation of Airy beams
Creators: name: Suarez, Rafael A. B.
name: Vieira, Tarcio A.
name: Yepes, Indira S. V.
name: Gesualdi, Marcos R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present the experimental generation of Airy beams via computational and photorefractive holography. Experimental generation of Airy beams using conventional optical components presents several difficulties and are practically infeasible. Thus, the optical generation of Airy beams has been made from the optical reconstruction of a computer generated hologram implemented in a spatial light modulators. In the photorefractive holography technique, being used for the first time to our knowledge, the hologram of an Airy beam is constructed (recorded) and reconstructed (reading) optically in a nonlinear photorefractive medium. The Airy beam experimental realization was made by a setup of computational and photorefractive holography using a photorefractive Bi_{12}TiO_{20} crystal as holographic recording medium. Airy beams and Airy beam arrays were obtained experimentally as in accordance with the predicted theory; and present excellent prospects for applications in optical trapping and optical communications systems.
Overlapping Word Removal is All You Need: Revisiting Data Imbalance in Hope Speech Detection
Creators: name: LekshmiAmmal, Hariharan RamakrishnaIyer
name: Ravikiran, Manikandan
name: Nisha, Gayathri
name: Balamuralidhar, Navyasree
name: Madhusoodanan, Adithya
name: Madasamy, Anand Kumar
name: Chakravarthi, Bharathi Raja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hope Speech Detection, a task of recognizing positive expressions, has made significant strides recently. However, much of the current works focus on model development without considering the issue of inherent imbalance in the data. Our work revisits this issue in hope-speech detection by introducing focal loss, data augmentation, and pre-processing strategies. Accordingly, we find that introducing focal loss as part of Multilingual-BERT's (M-BERT) training process mitigates the effect of class imbalance and improves overall F1-Macro by 0.11. At the same time, contextual and back-translation-based word augmentation with M-BERT improves results by 0.10 over baseline despite imbalance. Finally, we show that overlapping word removal based on pre-processing, though simple, improves F1-Macro by 0.28. In due process, we present detailed studies depicting various behaviors of each of these strategies and summarize key findings from our empirical results for those interested in getting the most out of M-BERT for hope speech detection under real-world conditions of data imbalance.
A spectro-polarimetric study of the planet-hosting G dwarf, HD 147513
Creators: name: Hussain, Gaitee A. J.
name: Alvarado-Gómez, Julian David
name: Grunhut, Jason
name: Donati, Jean-Francois
name: Alecian, Evelyne
name: Oksala, Mary
name: Morin, Julien
name: Fares, Rim
name: Jardine, Moira
name: Drake, Jeremy J.
name: Cohen, Ofer
name: Matt, Sean
name: Petit, Pascal
name: Redfield, Seth
name: Walter, Frederick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results from a spectro-polarimetric study of the planet-hosting Sun-like star, HD 147513 (G5V), are presented here. Robust detections of Zeeman signatures at all observed epochs indicate a surface magnetic field, with longitudinal magnetic field strengths varying between 1.0-3.2 G. Radial velocity variations from night to night modulate on a similar timescale to the longitudinal magnetic field measurements. These variations are therefore likely due to the rotational modulation of stellar active regions rather than the much longer timescale of the planetary orbit (Porb=528 d). Both the longitudinal magnetic field measurements and radial velocity variations are consistent with a rotation period of 10 +/- 2 days, which are also consistent with the measured chromospheric activity level of the star (log R'(HK)=-4.64). Together, these quantities indicate a low inclination angle, i~18 degrees. We present preliminary magnetic field maps of the star based on the above period and find a simple poloidal large-scale field. Chemical analyses of the star have revealed that it is likely to have undergone a barium-enrichment phase in its evolution because of a higher mass companion. Despite this, our study reveals that the star has a fairly typical activity level for its rotation period and spectral type. Future studies will enable us to explore the long-term evolution of the field, as well as to measure the stellar rotation period, with greater accuracy.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted by A&A
Gomphrena perennis var. saxatilis R. E. Fries 1921
Creators: name: Bena, Maria Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Gomphrena
Gomphrena perennis
Gomphrena perennis var. saxatilis r.e. fries (1921: 40)

description: Gomphrena perennis var. saxatilis R.E. Fries (1921: 40)
 Type (lectotype here designated):— BOLIVIA. Tarija. In declivibus montis apricis siccis in fissuris, 28 January 1902, Fries 1218 (S-R-2449!, image of the lectotype available at http://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.s-r-2449; isolectotypes S-07-12666!, P-00623707!, US-00102799!, images of the isolectotypes available at http://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.s07- 12666, http://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.p00623707, and http://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen. us00102799).
description: Published as part of Bena, Maria Julia, 2017, Typification and nomenclatural notes on twenty-seven names of Gomphrena L. (Amaranthaceae) linked to the South American flora, pp. 131-146 in Phytotaxa 296 (2) on page 141, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.296.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13687970
Development of activity package computer assisted instruction for life skills to prevent risky sexual behaviors on early adolescents, Bangkok, Thailand
Creators: name: Thongsong, Ladaporn
name: Neranon, Wanida
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Prevent Risky Sexual Behavior, Early Adolescents, Activity Package, Computer Assisted Instruction, Life Skills, Development

description: research and develop an Activity Package Computer Assisted Instruction for life skills to prevent risky sexual behaviors of the early adolescent.
Evaluation of Health Promotion Programs for the Elderly: an integrative review
Creators: name: Sales, João
name: Rodrigues, Lucas
name: da Fonseca Filho, Gentil
name: de Lima, Kenio
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health Education and Promotion
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Health Services Administration
subject: Elderly
subject: Health promotion
subject: Health service evaluation

description: This article aims to identify studies on the evaluation of health promotion programs for the elderly, as well as to analyze the aspects and processes of the evaluation models. This study is a systematic integrative review of the literature, carried out in the databases: LILAC'S, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus. Publications in English, Portuguese, French and Spanish were included and there were no search restrictions regarding the publication dates. The research is in the screening stage according to the pre-established eligibility criteria, according to the PRISMA protocol. The main expected results are the provision of key information on the models for evaluating health promotion programs for the elderly. With this, identify several ways to evaluate these programs, adapting to the needs of the evaluator, the health promotion program, stakeholders and the profile of the evaluated public.
Exact Master Equation for Quantum Brownian Motion with Generalization to Momentum-Dependent System-Environment Couplings
Creators: name: Huang, Yu-Wei
name: Zhang, Wei-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we generalize the quantum Brownian motion to include momentum-dependent system-environment couplings. The conventional QBM model corresponds to the spacial case $W_k = V_k$. The generalized QBM is more complicated but the generalization is necessary. This is because the particle transition and the pair production between the system and the environment represent two very different physical processes, and usually cannot have the same coupling strengths. Thus, the conventional QBM model, which is well-defined at classical level, is hardly realized in real quantum physical world. We discuss the physical realizations of the generalized QBM in different physical systems, and derive its exact master equation for both the initial decoupled states and initial correlated states. The Hu-Paz-Zhang master equation of the conventional QBM model is reproduced as a special case. We find that the renormalized Brownian particle Hamiltonian after traced out all the environmental states induced naturally a momentum-dependent potential, which also shows the necessity of including the momentum-dependent coupling in the QBM Hamiltonian. In the Hu-Paz-Zhang master equation, such a renormalized potential is misplaced so that the correct renormalization Hamiltonian has not been found. With the exact master equation for both the initial decoupled and and initial correlated states, the issues about the initial jolt which is a long-stand problem in the Hu-Paz-Zhang master equation is also re-examined. We find that the so-called "initial jolt", which has been thought to be an artificial effect due to the use of the initial decoupled system-environment states, has nothing do to with the initial decoupled state. The new exact master equation for the generalized QBM also has the potential applications to photonics quantum computing.
Interactions between dengue type 3 viruses and human dendritic cells
Creators: name: Lambeth, Cassandra Rashida
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease of global public health significance. Throughout the world more than 2.5 billion people are at risk of contracting dengue virus (DENV) infection. Each year, an estimated 100 million cases of dengue viral infection are reported worldwide with 250,000 people developing the more severe dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome (DHF/DSS), which is often fatal. The pathogenesis of dengue is poorly understood due to the lack of an animal model. Both host and viral factors are believed to play key roles in dengue pathogenesis and in clinical outcome. DENVs are difficult to study in culture because available assays are time consuming and typically used with high passage, laboratory adapted strains of the virus. I have developed flow cytometry-based assays to study DENVs. The assays were used to titer viruses and to measure virus-antibody interactions. The flow cytometry-based assays were also used to study interactions between DENVs and human dendritic cells (DCs), one of the primary targets of DENVs. Experiments were done to analyze interactions between Dengue type 3 viruses (DENV3) and primary human DCs. DENV3 blocked activation of infected immature DCs, but not the uninfected bystander DCs in the culture. Experiments were also conducted to characterize the ability of different strains of DENV3 to infect human DCs. I identified two Sri Lankan isolates of DENV3, one from a period of mild disease and the other from a period of severe disease, which infected DCs with different efficiency. Both viruses were equally sensitive to type I IFN, indicating that host anti-viral responses were unlikely to be responsible for observed differences. Both viruses also bound to cells with similar efficiency but entered cells at different rates. The two viruses differed at a step between binding to the cell surface and viral fusion in endosomes. The significance of these results with respect to the cell biology of DENVs and virus-host interactions are discussed.
Peak Criterion for Choosing Gaussian Kernel Bandwidth in Support Vector Data Description
Creators: name: Kakde, Deovrat
name: Chaudhuri, Arin
name: Kong, Seunghyun
name: Jahja, Maria
name: Jiang, Hansi
name: Silva, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Support Vector Data Description (SVDD) is a machine-learning technique used for single class classification and outlier detection. SVDD formulation with kernel function provides a flexible boundary around data. The value of kernel function parameters affects the nature of the data boundary. For example, it is observed that with a Gaussian kernel, as the value of kernel bandwidth is lowered, the data boundary changes from spherical to wiggly. The spherical data boundary leads to underfitting, and an extremely wiggly data boundary leads to overfitting. In this paper, we propose empirical criterion to obtain good values of the Gaussian kernel bandwidth parameter. This criterion provides a smooth boundary that captures the essential geometric features of the data.
Ordered-logit pedestrian stress model for traffic flow with automated vehicles
Creators: name: Kamal, Kimia
name: Farooq, Bilal
name: Mudassar, Mahwish
name: Kalatian, Arash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An ordered-logit model is developed to study the effects of Automated Vehicles (AVs) in the traffic mix on the average stress level of a pedestrian when crossing an urban street at mid-block. Information collected from a galvanic skin resistance sensor and virtual reality experiments are transformed into a dataset with interpretable average stress levels (low, medium, and high) and geometric, traffic, and environmental conditions. Modelling results indicate a decrease in average stress level with the increase in the percentage of AVs in the traffic mix.
description: In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Workshops (XXIV Workshops), 2022, Aachen, Germany
Metal to insulator quantum-phase transition in few-layered ReS$_2$
Creators: name: Pradhan, Nihar R.
name: McCreary, Amber
name: Rhodes, Daniel
name: Lu, Zhengguang
name: Feng, Simin
name: Manousakis, Efstratios
name: Smirnov, Dmitry
name: Namburu, Raju
name: Dubey, Madan
name: Walker, Angela R. Hight
name: Terrones, Humberto
name: Terrones, Mauricio
name: Dobrosavljevic, Vladimir
name: Balicas, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ReS$_2$ a layer-independent direct band-gap of 1.5 eV implies a potential for its use in optoelectronic applications. ReS$_2$ crystallizes in the 1T$^{\prime}$-structure which leads to anisotropic physical properties and whose concomitant electronic structure might host a non-trivial topology. Here, we report an overall evaluation of the anisotropic Raman response and the transport properties of few-layered ReS$_2$ field-effect transistors. We find that ReS$_2$ exfoliated on SiO$_2$ behaves as an $n$-type semiconductor with an intrinsic carrier mobility surpassing $μ_i$ ~30 cm$^2$/Vs at $T = 300$ K which increases up to ~350 cm$^2$/Vs at 2 K. Semiconducting behavior is observed at low electron densities $n$, but at high values of n the resistivity decreases by a factor > 7 upon cooling to 2 K and displays a metallic $T^2$-dependence. This indicates that the band structure of 1T$^{\prime}$-ReS$_2$ is quite susceptible to an electric field applied perpendicularly to the layers. The electric-field induced metallic state observed in transition metal dichalcogenides was recently claimed to result from a percolation type of transition. Instead, through a scaling analysis of the conductivity as a function of $T$ and $n$, we find that the metallic state of ReS$_2$ results from a second-order metal to insulator transition driven by electronic correlations. This gate-induced metallic state offers an alternative to phase engineering for producing ohmic contacts and metallic interconnects in devices based on transition metal dichalcogenides.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
On two formulations of polar motion and identification of its sources
Creators: name: Lopes, F.
name: Courtillot, V.
name: Mouël, JL. Le
name: Gibert, D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differences in interpretation may arise from differences in formulation of the equations of celestial mechanics. This paper focuses on the Liouville system of differential equations. In a "modern" presentation of the equations, variations in polar motion (PM) and variations in length of day (lod) are decoupled. Their source terms result from redistribution of masses and torques. Elasticity of the Earth, large earthquakes, or external forcing by the fluid envelopes have been successively invoked in the "modern" approach. In the "classical" presentation, PM is governed by the inclination of Earth's rotation pole and the derivative of its declination (close to the derivative of lod). These are coupled by the Liouville system and all "source" terms are astronomical. The "classical" approach also implies that there should be a link between the rotations and the torques exerted by the planets of the solar system. A sufficiently strong source of energy can be found. There is remarkable agreement between the sum of forces exerted by the four Jovian planets and components of Earth's polar motion. Since 1970, lod tends to decrease, but a recent acceleration of rotation velocity, that contradicts previous models, finds a simple explanation with the "classical" formalism. Analysis of lod finds nine components, all with physical sense: first comes a "trend", then pseudo-oscillations with periods 80 yr , 18.6 yr, 11 yr , 1 year and 0.5 yr, 27.54 days, 13.66 days, 13.63 days and 9.13 days. The longer periods, 1 yr, 11 yr, 18.6 yr and 80 yr are common to lod and PM. The Liouville system of equations in the "classical" analysis implies a strong link between the two: the straightening of the inclination of the axis of rotation should accompany a decrease in lod.Also, if this link is valid, all the components with extraterrestrial periods should be present in the series of sunspots and indeed they are.
Professionalising Data Science Roles Workshop
Creators: name: Karoune, Emma
name: Sharan, Malvika
name: Araujo Alvarez, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research
Data Science
Research Infrastructure
Open Research

description: This presentation was given at the Professionalising data science roles workshop on 2 October 2023 at The Alan Turing Institute, London. This workshop is part of the wider project on Professionalising traditional and infrastructure research roles in data science funded by the Skills Policy Award . The workshop brought together data scientists and research infrastructure specialists from across different sectors to map skills needed for different roles and discuss issues such as career pathways and future skills needs.
Time-optimal polarization transfer from an electron spin to a nuclear spin
Creators: name: Yuan, Haidong
name: Zeier, Robert
name: Pomplun, Nikolas
name: Glaser, Steffen J.
name: Khaneja, Navin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarization transfers from an electron spin to a nuclear spin are essential for various physical tasks, such as dynamic nuclear polarization in nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum state transformations on hybrid electron-nuclear spin systems. We present time-optimal schemes for electron-nuclear polarization transfers which improve on conventional approaches and will have wide applications.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Stakeholders' Perspectives on the Future of Artificial Intelligence in Radiology: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Yang, Ling
name: Ene, Ioana
name: Belaghi, Reza
name: Koff, David
name: Stein, Nina
name: Santaguida, Pasqualina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Radiology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Attitudes
subject: Forecast
subject: Radiology
subject: Scoping Review

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) is a growing area of interest in medicine, with the potential to impact clinical practice and healthcare delivery. AI has been of particular significance in medical imaging and diagnostics due to its capacity for automatic and quantitative analysis of image characteristics. The purpose of this scoping review is to examine the existing perspectives of relevant stakeholders, including but not limited to patients, doctors, and medical students, on the use of AI in radiology.
Triskels and Symmetries of Mean Global Sea-Level Pressure
Creators: name: Lopes, F.
name: Courtillot, V.
name: Mouël, J-L. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of mean sea-level atmospheric pressure since 1850 is analyzed using singular spectrum analysis. Maps of the main components (the trends) reveal striking symmetries of order 3 and 4. The northern hemisphere (NH) displays a set of three positive features, forming an almost perfect equilateral triangle. The southern hemisphere (SH) displays a set of three positive features arranged as an isosceles triangle, with a possible fourth (weaker) feature. This geometry can be modeled as Taylor-Couette flow of mode 3 (NH) or 4 (SH). The remarkable regularity and order three symmetry of the NH triskel occurs despite the lack of cylindrical symmetry of the northern continents. The stronger intensity and larger size of features in the SH is linked to the presence of the annular AAO. In addition to the dominant trends, quasi-periodic components of 130, 90, 50, 22, 15, 4, 1.8, 1, 0.5, 0.33, and 0.25 years, i.e. the Jose, Gleissberg, Hale and Schwabe cycles, the annual cycle and its first three harmonics are identified.
Freeze-in Dark Matter via Light Dirac Neutrino Portal
Creators: name: Biswas, Anirban
name: Borah, Debasish
name: Das, Nayan
name: Nanda, Dibyendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scenario where dark matter (DM) can be generated non-thermally due to the presence of a light Dirac neutrino portal between the standard model (SM) and dark sector particles. The SM is minimally extended by three right handed neutrinos ($ν_R$), a Dirac fermion DM candidate ($ψ$) and a complex scalar ($ϕ$), transforming non-trivially under an unbroken $\mathbb{Z}_4$ symmetry while being singlets under the SM gauge group. While DM and $ν_R$ couplings are considered to be tiny in order to be in the non-thermal or freeze-in regime, $ϕ$ can be produced either thermally or non-thermally depending upon the strength of its Higgs portal coupling. We consider both these possibilities and find out the resulting DM abundance via freeze-in mechanism to constrain the model parameters in the light of Planck 2018 data. Since the interactions producing DM also produces relativistic $ν_R$, we check the enhanced contribution to the effective relativistic degrees of freedom $Δ{\rm N}_{\rm eff}$ in view of existing bounds as well as future sensitivities. We also check the stringent constraints on free-streaming length of such freeze-in DM from structure formation requirements. Such constraints can rule out DM mass all the way up to $\mathcal{O}(100 \, {\rm keV})$ keeping the $Δ{\rm N}_{\rm eff} \leq \mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$, out of reach from near future experiments. Possible extensions of this minimal model can lead to observable $Δ{\rm N}_{\rm eff}$ which can be probed at next generation experiments.
description: 48 pages, 10 captioned figures, matches version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Max-min Rate Deployment Optimization for Backhaul-limited Robotic Aerial 6G Small Cells
Creators: name: Liao, Yuan
name: Friderikos, Vasilis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To overcome the limited on-board battery issue of nominal airborne base stations (ABSs), we are exploring the use of robotic airborne base station (RABS) with energy neutral grasping end-effectors that are able to autonomously perch at tall urban landforms. Specifically, this paper studies a heterogeneous network (HetNet) assisted by a movable RABS as a small cell which connects to a macro base station (MBS) through a limited-capacity wireless backhaul link, which can be deemed as another major challenge. To exploit the potential gains that the mobility of RABS can bring in the system, the minimum rate among all users is maximized by jointly optimizing the RABS deployment, user association and subcarrier allocation. This problem is initially formulated as a binary polynomial optimization (BPO) problem. After reformulating it as a nonconvex quadratically constrained quadratic programming (QCQP), we propose a semidefinite relaxation (SDR) based heuristic method to capture a high-quality solution in polynomial time. Numerical results reveal that deploying a RABS as the small cell can improve the minimum data rate by 95.43% at most and 33.97% on average, and the developed SDR heuristic algorithm significantly outperforms the linear relaxation (LR) baseline method.
The Prism Bridge: Maximizing Inter-Chip AXI Throughput in the High-Speed Serial Era
Creators: name: Drehmel, Robert
name: Heiss, Hans-Ulrich
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::600 Technik::600 Technik, Technologie
subject: cluster computing
subject: computer architecture
subject: field-programmable gate arrays
subject: high-speed serial
subject: inter-chip axi communication
subject: protocols

description: In this paper, we present the Prism Bridge, a soft IP core developed to bridge FPGA-MPSoC systems using high-speed serial links. Considering the current trend of ubiquitous serial transceivers with staggeringly increasing line rates, minimizing overhead and maximizing data throughput becomes paramount. Hence, our main design goal is to maximize bandwidth utilization for AXI data, which we realize through an advanced packetization mechanism. We give an overview of the Prism Bridge’s design and analyze its half-duplex bandwidth utilization. Additionally, we discuss the results of the experiments we conducted to assess its real-world performance, including measurements of throughput and latency of various combinations of line rates, link-layer cores, and bridge cores. Using a serial link with a 16.375 Gbit/s line rate, the Prism Bridge with an advanced packetizing mechanism achieved an AXI write throughput of 1368.81 MiB/s and an AXI read throughput of 1376.61 MiB/s, an increase of 46.19% and 45.85%, respectively, compared with the de-facto industry-standard core. The advanced packetization mechanism had negligible impact on latency but required 69.14%–73.91% more LUTs and 33.62%–36.19% more flip-flops. We conclude that for most designs that support inter-chip AXI transactions and will not be limited to short transaction lengths, the higher data throughput of the Prism Bridge with an advanced packetization mechanism is worth its cost in additional logic resource utilization.
Nonlinear Sigma Models with Compact Hyperbolic Target Spaces
Creators: name: Gubser, Steven
name: Saleem, Zain H.
name: Schoenholz, Samuel S.
name: Stoica, Bogdan
name: Stokes, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the phase structure of nonlinear sigma models with target spaces corresponding to compact quotients of hyperbolic space, focusing on the case of a hyperbolic genus-2 Riemann surface. The continuum theory of these models can be approximated by a lattice spin system which we simulate using Monte Carlo methods. The target space possesses interesting geometric and topological properties which are reflected in novel features of the sigma model. In particular, we observe a topological phase transition at a critical temperature, above which vortices proliferate, reminiscent of the Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in the $O(2)$ model. Unlike in the $O(2)$ case, there are many different types of vortices, suggesting a possible analogy to the Hagedorn treatment of statistical mechanics of a proliferating number of hadron species. Below the critical temperature the spins cluster around six special points in the target space known as Weierstrass points. The diversity of compact hyperbolic manifolds suggests that our model is only the simplest example of a broad class of statistical mechanical models whose main features can be understood essentially in geometric terms.
description: 14 pages, 6 Figures
On Sea-Level Change in Coastal Areas
Creators: name: Courtillot, V.
name: Mouël, JL. Le
name: Lopes, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variations in sea-level, based on tide gauge data (GSLTG) and on combining tide gauges and satellite data (GSLl) are subjected to singular spectrum analysis (SSA), to determine their trends and periodic or quasi-periodic components. GLSTG increases by 90 mm from 1860 to 2020, a contribution of 0.56 mm/yr to the mean rise rate. Annual to multi-decadal periods of ~90/80, 60, 30, 20, 10/11, and 4/5 years are found in both GSLTG and GSLl. These periods are commensurable periods of the Jovian planets, combinations of the periods of Neptune (165 yr), Uranus (84 yr), Saturn (29 yr) and Jupiter (12 yr). These same periods are encountered in sea-level changes, motion of the rotation pole RP and evolution of global pressure GP, suggesting physical links. The first SSA components comprise most of the signal variance: 95% for GSLTG, 89% for GSLI, 98% for GP, 75% for RP. Laplace derived the Liouville-Euler equations that govern the rotation and translation of the rotation axis of any celestial body. He emphasized that one must consider the orbital kinetic moments of all planets in addition to gravitational attractions and concluded that the Earth's rotation axis should undergo motions that carry the combinations of periods of the Sun, Moon and planets. Almost all the periods found in the SSA components of sea-level (GSLl and GSLTG), global pressure (GP) and polar motion (RP), of their modulations and their derivatives can be associated with the Jovian planets. It would be of interest to search for data series with longer time spans, that could allow one to test whether the trends themselves could be segments of components with still longer periodicities (e.g. 175 yr Jose cycle).
Silicates on Iapetus from Cassini's Composite Infrared Spectrometer
Creators: name: Young, Cindy L.
name: Wray, James J.
name: Clark, Roger N.
name: Spencer, John R.
name: Jennings, Donald E.
name: Hand, Kevin P.
name: Poston, Michael J.
name: Carlson, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first spectral features obtained from Cassini's Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) for any icy moon. The spectral region covered by CIRS focal planes (FP) 3 and 4 is rich in emissivity features, but previous studies at these wavelengths have been limited by low signal to noise ratios (S/Rs) for individual spectra. Our approach is to average CIRS FP3 spectra to increase the S/R and use emissivity spectra to constrain the composition of the dark material on Iapetus. We find an emissivity feature at ~855 cm-1 and a possible doublet at 660 and 690 cm-1 that do not correspond to any known instrument artifacts. We attribute the 855 cm-1 feature to fine-grained silicates, similar to those found in dust on Mars and in meteorites, which are nearly featureless at shorter wavelengths. Silicates on the dark terrains of Saturn's icy moons have been suspected for decades, but there have been no definitive detections until now. Serpentines reported in the literature at ambient temperature and pressure have features near 855 and 660 cm-1. However, peaks can shift depending on temperature and pressure, so measurements at Iapetus-like conditions are necessary for more positive feature identifications. As a first investigation, we measured muscovite at 125K in a vacuum and found that this spectrum does match the emissivity feature near 855 cm-1 and the location of the doublet. Further measurements are needed to robustly identify a specific silicate, which would provide clues regarding the origin and implications of the dark material.
Breather dynamics in a stochastic sine-Gordon equation: evidence of noise-enhanced stability
Creators: name: De Santis, Duilio
name: Guarcello, Claudio
name: Spagnolo, Bernardo
name: Carollo, Angelo
name: Valenti, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of sine-Gordon breathers is studied in the presence of dissipative and stochastic perturbations. Taking a stationary breather with a random phase value as the initial state, the performed simulations demonstrate that a spatially-homogeneous noisy source can make the oscillatory excitation more stable, i.e., it enables the latter to last significantly longer than it would in a noise-free scenario. Both the frequency domain and the localization of energy are examined to document the effectiveness of the noise-enhanced stability phenomenon, which emerges as a nonmonotonic behavior of an average characteristic time for the breather as a function of the noise intensity. The influence of the mode's starting frequency on the results and their robustness against an additional thermal background are also addressed.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
From the wires to wireless: how mass communications technologies have affected the libel/slander distinction, single publication, and liability in defamation law
Creators: name: Beattie, Kirsten M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This research examined how courts have addressed the application of defamation law to new mass communications technologies—the telegraph, radio, and television—to contextualize the current application to the Internet. Three areas of defamation law were examined—the libel/slander distinction, the single publication rule, and liability. Through analyzing federal and state court cases, as well as relevant statutes, this thesis attempted to determine the extent to which our current approach to applying defamation law to the Internet fits into a historical pattern. Among the findings were that the application of the libel/slander distinction and the single publication rule to the Internet is consistent with common law developments that have arisen from other technologies; that for each technology, courts initially struggled to determine the appropriate liability to apply; and that statutes historically have played an integral role in the common law approach to liability for technologies.
事前登録：理科教育学における再現性の危機とその原因 (Pre-registration for Analysis of QRPs in JRSE)
Creators: name: Nakamura, Daiki
name: Harada, Yuki
name: Hisasaka, Tetsuya
name: Unzai, Hiroshi
name: Matsuura, Takuya
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: p-curve analysis
subject: p-hacking
subject: QRPs
subject: reproducibility
subject: science education

description: 日本理科教育学会発行の『理科教育学研究』におけるQRPsを分析する。 (To analyze QRPs in the Journal of Research in Science Education (JRSE), published by the Society of Japan Science Teaching.)
Construction and local equivalence of dual-unitary operators: from dynamical maps to quantum combinatorial designs
Creators: name: Rather, Suhail Ahmad
name: Aravinda, S.
name: Lakshminarayan, Arul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While quantum circuits built from two-particle dual-unitary (maximally entangled) operators serve as minimal models of typically nonintegrable many-body systems, the construction and characterization of dual-unitary operators themselves are only partially understood. A nonlinear map on the space of unitary operators was proposed in PRL.~125, 070501 (2020) that results in operators being arbitrarily close to dual unitaries. Here we study the map analytically for the two-qubit case describing the basins of attraction, fixed points, and rates of approach to dual unitaries. A subset of dual-unitary operators having maximum entangling power are 2-unitary operators or perfect tensors, and are equivalent to four-party absolutely maximally entangled states. It is known that they only exist if the local dimension is larger than $d=2$. We use the nonlinear map, and introduce stochastic variants of it, to construct explicit examples of new dual and 2-unitary operators. A necessary criterion for their local unitary equivalence to distinguish classes is also introduced and used to display various concrete results and a conjecture in $d=3$. It is known that orthogonal Latin squares provide a ``classical combinatorial design" for constructing permutations that are 2-unitary. We extend the underlying design from classical to genuine quantum ones for general dual-unitary operators and give an example of what might be the smallest sized genuinely quantum design of a 2-unitary in $d=4$.
description: 26+4 pages, 13+2 Figures. Main changes: Proof of Theorem 1 modified, Theorem 2 concerning two-qubit gates is added, and summary of main results included. Version accepted for publication in PRX Quantum
Sequential gradient dynamics in real analytic Morse systems
Creators: name: Öztürk, Ferit
name: Bozma, H. Işıl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C07 (Primary), 58A07, 37C10 (Secondary)

description: Let $Ω$ in $R^M$ be a compact connected $M$-dimensional real analytic domain with boundary and $ϕ$ be a primal navigation function; i.e. a real analytic Morse function on $Ω$ with a unique minimum and with minus gradient vector field $G$ of $ϕ$ on the boundary of $Ω$ pointed inwards along each coordinate. Related to a robotics problem, we define a sequential hybrid process on $Ω$ for $G$ starting from any initial point $q_0$ in the interior of $Ω$ as follows: at each step we restrict ourselves to an affine subspace where a collection of coordinates are fixed and allow the other coordinates change along an integral curve of the projection of $G$ onto the subspace. We prove that provided each coordinate appears infinitely many times in the coordinate choices during the process, the process converges to a critical point of $ϕ$. That critical point is the unique minimum for a dense subset in primal navigation functions. We also present an upper bound for the total length of the trajectories close to a critical point.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Repeated cycles of binge-like ethanol drinking in C57BL/6J mice augments subsequent voluntary ethanol intake but not other dependence-like phenotypes
Creators: name: Cox, Benjamin
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Background: Recently, procedures have been developed to model specific facets of human alcohol abuse disorders, including those that model excessive binge-like drinking (i.e., drinking in the dark, or DID) and excessive dependence-like drinking (i.e., resulting from intermittent ethanol vapor exposure). Similar neuropeptide systems modulate excessive ethanol drinking stemming from both procedures, raising the possibility that both paradigms are actually modeling the same phenotypes and triggering the same central neuroplasticity. Therefore, the goal of the present project was to study the effects of a history of binge-like ethanol drinking, using DID procedures, on phenotypes that have previously been described with procedures to model dependence-like drinking. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice first experienced 0 to 10 4-day binge-like drinking episodes (3 days of rest between episodes). Beginning 24-h after the final binge-like drinking session, mice were tested for anxiety-like behaviors (with elevated plus maze (EPM) and open-field locomotor activity tests), ataxia with the rotarod test, and sensitivity to handling-induced convulsions (HICs). One week later, mice began a 40-day 2-bottle (water versus ethanol) voluntary consumption test with concentration ranging from 10 to 20% (v/v) ethanol. Results: A prior history of binge-like ethanol drinking significantly increased subsequent voluntary ethanol consumption and preference, effects most robust in groups that initially experienced 6 or 10 binge-like drinking episodes and completely absent in mice that experienced 1 binge-like episode. Conversely, a history of binge-like ethanol drinking did not influence anxiety-like behaviors, ataxia, or HICs. Conclusions: Excessive ethanol drinking stemming from DID procedures does not initially induce phenotypes consistent with a dependence-like state. However, the subsequent increases of voluntary ethanol consumption and preference that become more robust following repeated episodes of binge-like ethanol drinking may reflect the early stages of ethanol dependence, suggesting that DID procedures may be ideal for studying the transition to ethanol dependence.