cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Food Security in Egypt The Socio-Economics Implications of Dietary Protein-Energy Interrelationships
Creators: name: Soliman, Ibrahim
name: Soliman, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Public Economics
subject: Food security in Egypt The socio-economics implications of dietary protein-energy interrelationships
subject: Egypt
subject: socio-economics
subject: dietary
subject: protein-energy

description: Agricultural Development Systems Project, ARE, Ministry of Agriculture, University of California, Economic Working Paper No. 97, July, 1982
Variational Auto-encoder Based Bayesian Poisson Tensor Factorization for Sparse and Imbalanced Count Data
Creators: name: Jin, Yuan
name: Liu, Ming
name: Li, Yunfeng
name: Xu, Ruohua
name: Du, Lan
name: Gao, Longxiang
name: Xiang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-negative tensor factorization models enable predictive analysis on count data. Among them, Bayesian Poisson-Gamma models can derive full posterior distributions of latent factors and are less sensitive to sparse count data. However, current inference methods for these Bayesian models adopt restricted update rules for the posterior parameters. They also fail to share the update information to better cope with the data sparsity. Moreover, these models are not endowed with a component that handles the imbalance in count data values. In this paper, we propose a novel variational auto-encoder framework called VAE-BPTF which addresses the above issues. It uses multi-layer perceptron networks to encode and share complex update information. The encoded information is then reweighted per data instance to penalize common data values before aggregated to compute the posterior parameters for the latent factors. Under synthetic data evaluation, VAE-BPTF tended to recover the right number of latent factors and posterior parameter values. It also outperformed current models in both reconstruction errors and latent factor (semantic) coherence across five real-world datasets. Furthermore, the latent factors inferred by VAE-BPTF are perceived to be meaningful and coherent under a qualitative analysis.
التقييم الاقتصادى للاثار المترتبه علي إنتشار أنفلونزا الخنازير
Creators: name: Soliman, Ibrahim
name: Soliman, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Public Economics
subject: Economic assessment of the implications of the spread of swine flu
subject: swine flu

description: Seminar on "Swine Flu" An upcoming Epidemic or an Expected Spread: A scientific View, January 5 - 6, 2010. National Research Centre, Egypt. Centre for Environmental and Development for the Arab Region and Europe. Human Genetics & Genome, Research Division, Immunogenetics Department.
Numerical simulations of wind-driven protoplanetary nebulae. II. signatures of atomic emission
Creators: name: Novikov, Igor
name: Smith, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We follow up on our systematic study of axisymmetric hydrodynamic simulations of protoplanetary nebula. The aim of this work is to generate the atomic analogues of the $\mathrm H_2$ near-infrared models of Paper I with the ZEUS code modified to include molecular and atomic cooling routines. We investigate stages associated with strong $\mathrm {[Fe II]}$ 1.64 $\mathrm {μm}$ and $\mathrm {[S II]}$ 6716 Å forbidden lines, the $\mathrm {[O I]}$ 6300 Å airglow line, and H$\mathrm α\, 6563$ Å emission. We simulate ($\mathrm{80\sim200\,km\,s^{-1}}$) dense ($\mathrm{\sim10^{5}\,cm^{-3}}$) outflows expanding into a stationary ambient medium. In the case of an atomic wind interacting with an atomic medium, a decelerating advancing turbulent shell thickens with time. This contrasts with all other cases where a shell fragments into a multitude of cometary-shaped protrusions with weak oblique shocks as the main source of gas excitation. We find that the atomic wind-ambient simulation leads to considerably higher excitation, stronger peak and integrated atomic emission as the nebula expands. The weaker emission when one component is molecular is due to the shell fragmentation into fingers so that the shock surface area is increased and oblique shocks are prevalent. Position-velocity diagrams indicate that the atomic-wind model may be most easy to distinguish with more emission at higher radial velocities. With post-AGB winds and shells often highly obscured and the multitude of configurations that are observed, this study suggests and motivates selection criteria for new surveys.
description: 16 pages, 20 figures, submitted to MNRAS. References added
Exact Asymptotics for One-Dimensional Diffusion with Mobile Traps
Creators: name: Bray, Alan J.
name: Blythe, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a diffusing particle, with diffusion constant D', moving in one dimension in an infinite sea of noninteracting mobile traps with diffusion constant D and density rho. We show that the asymptotic behavior of the survival probability, P(t), is given by P(t) ~ exp[-4 rho(Dt/pi)^{1/2}], independent of D'. The result comes from obtaining upper and lower bounds on P(t), and showing that they coincide asymptotically. We also obtain exact results for P(t) to first order in D' for an arbitrary finite number of traps.
description: Minor revisions; new results for d>1
NNLM National Evaluation Center Kickoff (Year 3)
Creators: name: Hoyo, Verónica
name: Herzog, Keith
name: Holmes, Kristi L.
name: NNLM NEC Collaboration
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: NNLM
NNLM NEC
Evaluation

description: NNLM NEC Year 3 Kickoff presentation for the NNLM staff, presented on August 11, 2023. NEC leads contributed to this presentation.

This resource is supported by the National Library of Medicine of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number U24LM013751. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
Negative Elliptic Flow from Anomaly Induced DCC Formation
Creators: name: Asakawa, M.
name: Minakata, H.
name: Muller, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss characteristic experimental signatures related to the mechanism of DCC formation triggered by the chiral U(1) anomaly in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We predict an enhancement of the fraction of neutral pions compared with all pions in the direction perpendicular to the scattering plane. To quantify the effect on the angular distribution of neutral pions, we compute the elliptic flow parameter $v_2$ as a function of the transverse momentum. We find values of order -0.05 at small momenta for neutral pions. We also compute the $v_2$ parameter for inclusive photons, which is easier to measure, and confirmed that the negative a few percent effect prevails in this observable.
description: Contribution to PANIC 2002
STUDYING ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN SPEECH ETIQUETTE
Creators: name: Kambarova, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article “Study of English and Russian speech etiquette” offers an overview of speech norms and etiquette in two languages - English and Russian. The main differences in speech behavior and sociocultural norms of communication in both cultures are examined, and also covers in detail the important features and rules of speech etiquette of each language. The article also contains tips and tricks for successfully interacting and communicating with native speakers of English and Russian, with an emphasis on respectful and pleasant communication in accordance with sociocultural expectations and the communication situation. This article will be useful both for students of English or Russian, and for those who are interested in intercultural communication and consider the differences between languages and cultures in the context of speech etiquette.
title: Study Design and Analytical Guidance for Assessing Restoration Success following Vessel Groundings on Coral Reefs
Creators: name: Huntington, Brittany
name: Couch, Courtney S.
name: Morris, John T.
name: Ruseborn, Shannon L.
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02apffz65
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS PIFSC ; 156
description: This guide aims to educate organizations—including natural resource agencies—on the proper study design and analytical framework to implement when a vessel runs aground on a coral reef to enable evaluating restoration success over time.
Capture and light-induced release of antibiotics by an azo dye polymer
Creators: name: Atkins, Stephen
name: Chueh, Alysa
name: Barwell, Taylor
name: Nunzi, Jean-Michel
name: Seroude, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isomerisation of azo dyes can induce conformational change which have potential applications in medicine and environmental protection. We developed an agar diffusion assay to test the capture and release of biologically active molecules from an azo electro-optic polymer, Poly (Disperse Red 1 methacrylate) (DR1/PMMA). The assay monitors the growth of bacteria placed in soft agar under a glass coverslip. Antibiotics can then be applied on the coverslip resulting in the clearance of the area under the coverslip due to growth inhibition. This assay demonstrates that DR1/PMMA is able to capture either tetracycline or ampicillin and the relative amount of DR1/PMMA required for capture was determined. Finally, the active antibiotics can be released from DR1/PMMA by exposure to green light but not by exposure to white light or heat.
description: 7 pages, 4 Figures, 6 Supplemental Figures
How do associations between sleep duration and metabolic health differ with age in the UK general population?
Creators: name: Arora, Anmol
name: Pell, David
name: Van Sluijs, Esther M. F.
name: Winpenny, Eleanor M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Biology and life sciences
People and places
Medicine and health sciences

description: Background: Despite a growing body of evidence suggesting that short sleep duration may be linked to adverse metabolic outcomes, how these associations differ between age groups remains unclear. We use eight years of data from the UK National Diet and Nutritional Survey (NDNS) (2008–2016) to analyse cross-sectional relationships between sleep duration and metabolic risk in participants aged 11–70 years. Methods: Participants (n = 2008) who provided both metabolic risk and sleep duration data were included. Self-reported sleep duration was standardised by age, to account for differences in age-related sleep requirements. A standardised metabolic risk score was constructed, comprising: waist circumference, blood pressure, serum triglycerides, serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting plasma glucose. Regression models were constructed across four age groups from adolescents to older adults. Results: Overall, decreased sleep duration (hrs) was associated with an increased metabolic risk (standard deviations) with significant quadratic (B:0.028 [95%CI: 0.007, 0.050]) and linear (B:-0.061 [95%CI: -0.111, -0.011]) sleep duration coefficients. When separated by age group, stronger associations were seen among mid-aged adults (36-50y) (quadratic coefficient: 0.038 [95%CI: 0.002, 0.074]) compared to other age groups (e.g. adolescents (11-18y), quadratic coefficient: -0.009 [95%CI: -0.042, 0.025]). An increased difference between weekend and weekday sleep was only associated with increased metabolic risk in adults aged 51–70 years (B:0.18 [95%CI: 0.005, 0.348]). Conclusions: Our results indicate that sleep duration is linked to adverse metabolic risk and suggest heterogeneity between age groups. Longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes are required to explore long-term effects of abnormal sleep and potential remedial benefits.
Evolution of Deuterium, 3He and 4He in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Chiappini, Cristina
name: Renda, Agostino
name: Matteucci, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present the predictions of the ``two-infall model'' concerning the evolution of D, 3He and 4He in the solar vicinity, as well as their distribution along the Galactic disk. Our results show that, when adopting detailed yields taking into account the extra-mixing process in low and intermediate mass stars, the problem of the overproduction of 3He by the chemical evolution models is solved. The predicted distribution of 3He along the disk is also in agreement with the observations. We also predict the distributions of D/H, D/O and D/N along the disk, in particular D abundances close to the primordial value are predicted in the outer regions of the Galaxy. The predicted D/H, D/O and D/N abundances in the local interstellar medium are in agreement with the mean values observed by the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer mission, although a large spread in the D abundance is present in the data. Finally, by means of our chemical evolution model, we can constrain the primordial value of the deuterium abundance, and we find a value of (D/H)_p < 4 10(-5) which implies Omega_b h^2 > 0.017, in agreement with the values from the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation analysis. This value in turn implies a primordial 4He abundance Y_p > 0.244.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics (minor proof corrections + corrections in Table 6, Figs.8 and 9)
Nonlinear transmission and light localization in photonic crystal waveguides
Creators: name: Mingaleev, Sergei F.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the light transmission in two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides with embedded nonlinear defects. First, we derive the effective discrete equations with long-range interaction for describing the waveguide modes, and demonstrate that they provide a highly accurate generalization of the familiar tight-binding models which are employed, e.g., for the study of the coupled-resonator optical waveguides. Using these equations, we investigate the properties of straight waveguides and waveguide bends with embedded nonlinear defects and demonstrate the possibility of the nonlinearity-induced bistable transmission. Additionally, we study localized modes in the waveguide bends and (linear and nonlinear) transmission of the bent waveguides and emphasize the role of evanescent modes in these phenomena.
description: 9 pages (RevTex) with 12 figures (EPS)
Time evolution with symmetric stochastic action
Creators: name: Drummond, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dynamical time-evolution of bosonic fields is shown to be equivalent to a stochastic trajectory in space-time, corresponding to samples of a statistical mechanical steady-state in a higher dimensional quasi-time. This is proved using the Q-function of quantum theory with time-symmetric diffusion, that is equivalent to a forward-backward stochastic process in both the directions of time. The resulting probability distribution has a positive, time-symmetric action principle and path integral, whose solution corresponds to a classical field equilibrating in an additional dimension. Comparisons are made to stochastic quantization and other higher dimensional physics proposals. Five-dimensional space-time was originally introduced by Kaluza and Klein, and is now widely proposed in cosmology and particle physics. Time-symmetric action principles for quantum fields are also related to electrodynamical absorber theory, which is known to be capable of violating a Bell inequality. We give numerical methods and examples of solutions to the resulting stochastic partial differential equations in a higher time-dimension, giving agreement with exact solutions for soluble boson field quantum dynamics. This approach may lead to useful computational techniques for quantum field theory, as the action principle is real, as well as to ontological models of physical reality.
description: Improved proof of stochastic path integral equivalence, with a slight length reduction
Klassiker als Zugang zur Wissenschaft: Eine Einladung zur Beteiligung
Creators: name: Tremp, Peter
name: Eugster, Balthasar
name: Tremp, P.
name: Eugster, B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Erziehungswissenschaft
Bildungsforschung
Wissenschaftstheorie
Hochschule
Lehr-Lern-Prozesse
Bildungsprozesse
Universität

description: Gibt es Klassiker der Hochschuldidaktik? Die Publikation präsentiert beispielhaft ausgewählte Texte und Theoriekontexte, die wichtige Anregungen für die Entwicklung der Hochschuldidaktik bereithalten, und diskutiert die Bedeutung von Klassikern für das Selbstverständnis einer wissenschaftlichen Disziplin und für die akademische Sozialisation.Der Inhalt• Weshalb Klassiker? • Anregungen aus verwandten Disziplinen • Erkundungen im hochschuldidaktischen Gelände
description: + ID der Publikation: phlu_12963 + Art des Beitrages: Buchkapitel/Beitrag in Sammelband + Seiten: 83 - 99 + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2021-05-20 10:28:24
Comment on ``Low-dimensional Bose liquids: beyond the Gross-Pitaevskii approximation''
Creators: name: Bhaduri, R. K.
name: Sen, Diptiman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a comment on the work of Kolomeisky et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1146 (2000). We point out that they are using the wrong form of the energy functional for one-dimensional fermions. We point out two possible forms of the energy functional, both of which can be derived from first principles but using different methods. One is obtained from the collective field theory method, while the other is derived from the extended Thomas-Fermi method. These two forms of the energy functional do not support the soliton solutions which are obtained by Kolomeisky et al.
description: Revtex, 2 pages
Revisiting the Stability of Quadratic Poincaré Gauge Gravity
Creators: name: Jiménez, Jose Beltrán
name: Torralba, Francisco José Maldonado
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Poincaré gauge theories provide an approach to gravity based on the gauging of the Poincaré group, whose homogeneous part generates curvature while the translational sector gives rise to torsion. In this note we revisit the stability of the widely studied quadratic theories within this framework. We analyse the presence of ghosts without fixing any background by obtaining the relevant interactions in an exact post-Riemannian expansion. We find that the axial sector of the theory exhibits ghostly couplings to the graviton sector that render the theory unstable. Remarkably, imposing the absence of these pathological couplings results in a theory where either the axial sector or the torsion trace becomes a ghost. We conclude that imposing ghost-freedom generically leads to a non-dynamical torsion. We analyse however two special choices of parameters that allow a dynamical scalar in the torsion and obtain the corresponding effective action where the dynamics of the scalar is apparent. These special cases are shown to be equivalent to a generalised Brans-Dicke theory and a Holst Lagrangian with a dynamical Barbero-Immirzi pseudoscalar field respectively. The two sectors can co-exist giving a bi-scalar theory. Finally, we discuss how the ghost nature of the vector sector can be avoided by including additional dimension four operators.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure. More insight on the bi-scalar theory has been added, including its possible extensions and the coupling with fermions. A clarifying footnote on the Holst term has been introduced. Extended discussion. It matches the version published in EPJC
The Association for Human Pharmacology in the Pharmaceutical Industry London Meeting October 2019: Impending Change, Innovation, and Future Challenges
Creators: name: Khan, Shahzadgai
name: Albayaty, Muna
name: Bush, James
name: Cheriyan, Joseph
name: Cromie, Anthea
name: Koch, Annelize
name: Hammond, Michael
name: Mair, Stuart
name: Lorch, Ulrike
name: Stringer, Steffan
name: Taubel, Jorg
name: Hardman, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Pharmacology
early phase clinical development
meeting report
Association for Human Pharmacology in the Pharmaceutical Industry
innovation

description: The Association for Human Pharmacology in the Pharmaceutical Industry (AHPPI) annual meeting focused on impending change, innovation, and future challenges facing early phase drug development as we move into the second decade of the 21th century. The meeting opened with discussion around the technical revolution in pharmaceutical medicine over the 4 decades since the AHPPI was founded and how transformative technologies have accompanied the introduction of processes such as physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling. During the meeting examples were presented of how in terms of the development of new therapies, the classic phases of clinical drug development are becoming a thing of the past and the lines between the phases have begun to blur, particularly in the field of oncology. The contribution that monoclonal antibodies have made to medicine and the next chapter in their design and use was also discussed. A representative of the UK’s Medicine and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency discussed the increasing numbers of requests to approve complex innovative design trials, how novel trial designs are impacting on the traditional linear “phase” approach to drug development and the common pitfalls associated with them. Guidance was provided from a regulator’s viewpoint on what was meant by the term “novel design” and how to submit successful trial applications for such complex trials. In an Oxford-style debate, the audience discussed the motion that “there is no longer a need to include placebo subjects in early clinical trials.” The keynote speaker focused on delivering change in complex environments such as the field of drug development. The afternoon session included presentations on the challenges associated with drug product design, the complexities within non-oral dosage forms and proposed new methods of formulations for drug delivery. Presentations were also given on advances in mechanistic and computational pharmacokinetic modeling and how they have proved to be valuable tools to rationalize and facilitate the process of drug development.
Absorbing-boundary-condition method for drip-line nuclei
Creators: name: Nakatsukasa, Takashi
name: Ueda, Manabu
name: Yabana, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absorbing-boundary-condition method and its applications to nuclear responses and breakup reactions are reported. The method facilitates calculations of the continuum states in the coordinate space of many degrees of freedom. Properties of nuclei near drip lines are discussed.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Talk at the international symposium on "Frontiers of Collective Motions (CM2002)", Aizu, Japan, November 6-9, 2002
title: The 2023 eastern and northern Bering Sea continental shelf trawl surveys: Results for commercial crab species
Creators: name: Zacher, L. S.
name: Richar, J. I.
name: Fedewa, E. J.
name: Ryznar, E. R.
name: Litzow, M. A.
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01h7fye62
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS-AFSC ; 482
description: The eastern Bering Sea (EBS) bottom trawl survey has been conducted annually by the National Marine Fisheries Service since 1975, with the entire station grid standardized in 1988. The purpose of this survey is to collect data on the distribution and abundance of crabs, groundfish, and other benthic resources. These data are used to estimate population abundance and biomass for the management of commercially important species.
Asymptotic Flux Compactifications and the Swampland
Creators: name: Grimm, Thomas W.
name: Li, Chongchuo
name: Valenzuela, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We initiate the systematic study of flux scalar potentials and their vacua by using asymptotic Hodge theory. To begin with, we consider F-theory compactifications on Calabi-Yau fourfolds with four-form flux. We argue that a classifications of all scalar potentials can be performed when focusing on regions in the field space in which one or several fields are large and close to a boundary. To exemplify the constraints on such asymptotic flux compactifications, we explicitly determine this classification for situations in which two complex structure moduli are taken to be large. Our classification captures, for example, the weak string coupling limit and the large complex structure limit. We then show that none of these scalar potentials admits de Sitter vacua at parametric control, formulating a new no-go theorem valid beyond weak string coupling. We also check that the recently proposed asymptotic de Sitter conjecture is satisfied near any infinite distance boundary. Extending this strategy further, we generally identify the type of fluxes that induce an infinite series of Anti-de Sitter vacua, thereby generalizing the well-known Type IIA settings. Finally, we argue that also the large field dynamics of any axion in complex structure moduli space is universally constrained. Displacing such an axion by large field values will generally lead to severe backreaction effects destabilizing other directions.
description: 67 pages, v2: renamed singularity types to more naturally structure enhancement patterns, typos fixed, minor clarifications and references added, v3: published version, typos fixed
Two Long-Period Cataclysmic Variable Stars: ASASSN-14ho and V1062 Cyg
Creators: name: Gasque, L. Claire
name: Hening, Callum A.
name: Hviding, Raphael E.
name: Thorstensen, John R.
name: Paterson, Kerry
name: Breytenbach, Hannes
name: Motsoaledi, Mokhine
name: Woudt, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report spectroscopy and photometry of the cataclysmic variable stars ASASSN-14ho and V1062 Cyg. Both are dwarf novae with spectra dominated by their secondary stars, which we classify as approxomately K4 and M0.5, respectively. Their orbital periods, determined mostly from the secondary stars' radial velociites, proved to be nearly identical, respectively 350.14 +- 0.15 and 348.25 +- 0.60 min. The H-alpha emission line in V1062 Cyg displays a relatively sharp emission component that tracks the secondary's motion, which may arise on the irradiated face of the secondary; tihs is not often seen and may indicate an unusually strong flux of ionizing radiation. Both systems exhibit double-peaked orbital modulation consistent with ellipsoidal variation from the changing aspect of the secondary. We model these variations to constrain the orbital inclination i, and estimate approximate component masses based oni and the secondary velocity amplitude K2.
Aptamer-modified gold nanoparticles for rapid aggregation-based detection of inflammation: an optical assay for interleukin-6
Creators: name: Giorgi-Coll, Susan
name: Marín, María J.
name: Sule, Olajumoke
name: Hutchinson, Peter J.
name: Carpenter, Keri L.H.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Original Paper
Cytokines
Colorimetry
Metal nanoparticles
Sepsis
Diagnostics
Point-of-care assay

description: Abstract: A proof-of-concept aptamer-based optical assay is described for the determination of the immuno signalling molecule interleukin-6 (IL-6), a key marker of acute inflammation. The optical assay is based on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) coated in two complimentary “sandwich-style” aptamers, each with different IL-6 target moieties. IL-6 will recognise the complimentary aptamer pair and bind to it, thereby causing the aggregation of the corresponding functionalised nanoparticles. The aggregation of the AuNPs after exposure to IL-6 induces a visible colour change from red to pink, with a corresponding change in the absorption maximum from 520 to 540 nm. The change in the absorption maximum can be monitored visually, or by using a spectrophotometer or a plate reader. The optimal size and functionalisation of aptamer-coated AuNPs, and the potential assay formats were investigated using UV-vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The optical assay was applied for detecting mouse IL-6 in a mixed protein solution as a representative biological sample. The assay works in the 3.3 to 125 μg·mL−1 IL-6 concentration range, and the detection limit (at S/N = 3) is 1.95 μg·mL−1. This study was performed as a proof-of-concept demonstration of this versatile assay design, with a view to developing a similar assay for use in clinical samples in future. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of the aggregation of aptamer-functionalised nanoparticles in the presence of interleukin-6 (IL-6). The presence of mouse IL-6 in a mixed protein solution leads to a visible colour change, and a change in the absorption spectrum of the nanoparticles.
Catalan paths, Quasi-symmetric functions and Super-Harmonic Spaces
Creators: name: Aval, Jean-Christophe
name: Bergeron, Nantel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E99, 05A10, 13P10

description: We investigate the quotient ring $R$ of the ring of formal power series $\Q[[x_1,x_2,...]]$ over the closure of the ideal generated by non-constant quasi-\break symmetric functions. We show that a Hilbert basis of the quotient is naturally indexed by Catalan paths (infinite Dyck paths). We also give a filtration of ideals related to Catalan paths from $(0,0)$ and above the line $y=x-k$. We investigate as well the quotient ring $R_n$ of polynomial ring in $n$ variables over the ideal generated by non-constant quasi-symmetric polynomials. We show that the dimension of $R_n$ is bounded above by the $n$th Catalan number.
description: 14 pages
Changes to water quality and sediment phosphorus forms in a shallow, eutrophic lake after removal of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Creators: name: Huser, Brian J.
name: Bajer, Przemyslaw G.
name: Kittelson, Steve
name: Christenson, Scott
name: Menken, Kevin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Pickerel Lake (Minnesota, USA) is a shallow, polymictic lake that has had eutrophication problems for decades. Although excess nutrient loading has been a problem in the past, the dominance of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was considered to be a substantial factor driving and sustaining eutrophic conditions. To remove carp and restore the fish community, the lake was treated with rotenone in late 2009 and then restocked with native species. All water quality variables improved after carp removal, with mean values (May–Sep) for chlorophyll a, total phosphorus, and turbidity decreasing by 80% to 93% and Secchi disk transparency increasing nearly 600% when comparing means of pre- to post-treatment years. Macrophyte coverage also improved, from means of 4.6% before treatment to 90% after treatment, indicating a shift from an algal- to a macrophyte-dominated system. Sediment phosphorus (P) storage increased significantly after carp removal as well, with labile (releasable) forms of P increasing in the upper 10 cm of sediment in all cores (n = 7). The decrease in water column P equaled the increase in labile sediment P forms after treatment, indicating carp were a key driver of P transport from sediment to water. The results of this study indicate that an ecological (i.e., both abiotic and biotic) approach is needed when managing eutrophic lakes because management of nutrients alone will not likely be adequate to restore water quality in systems dominated by carp or other large benthic feeding fish.
Do species display characteristic intraspecific levels of patchiness in a given habitat type? The case of intertidal seagrass macrobenthos
Creators: name: Barnes, R. S. K.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original Paper

description: Funder: University of Cambridge
description: Abstract: Intertidal macrobenthic assemblages associated with monospecific stands of Zostera muelleri, Cymodocea serratula, Halodule uninervis and Halophila ovalis seagrasses are known to display uniform spatial patchiness on the Moreton Bay coast of North Stradbroke Island, Queensland, as do those in Z. capensis in the Knysna estuarine bay, South Africa. Thirty-seven historical datasets of these macrobenthic assemblages were re-analysed to assess variation of local patchiness in each of the 18 most common individual assemblage components at each of these localities in terms of three metrics: overall patchiness (Lloyd's index of patchiness), levels of unoccupancy, and variation in abundance across occupied samples (Lloyd's index of mean crowding). Within-site patchiness was not caused by a restriction of individual species to specific subareas but by variation in their local density, particularly by the extent of unoccupied ‘interstitial’ spaces within patches. Especially in the more uniform Queensland conditions, the more common species occurred relatively widely across the whole locality; individual samples from which a given species was absent never themselves formed patches, the number of such samples conforming to points on truncated normal curves of the frequency of occurrence. Of the 36 species investigated, the two most abundant and widespread both in Queensland and in South Africa displayed significant or near-significant uniformity of levels of local patchiness, whilst five showed significantly uniform mean crowding and ten significantly uniform unoccupancy. This is the first demonstration that some species may display a characteristic level of patchiness in a given habitat type.
title: Clear Creek Bridge
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Clear Creek Bridge Project (Corps File No. SPN-2023-00201)
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2024

description: WCRO-2023-02155
D-bound and Bekenstein bound for McVittie solution surrounded by dark energy cosmological fields
Creators: name: Hadi, H.
name: Heydarzade, Y.
name: Darabi, F.
name: Atazadeh, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological candidate fields for dark energy as quintessence, phantom and cosmological constant, are studied in terms of an entropic hypothesis imposed on the McVittie solution surrounded by dark energy. We certify this hypothesis as "$D$-bound-Bekenstein bound identification" for dilute systems and use it as a criterion to determine which candidate of dark energy can satisfy this criterion for a dilute McVittie solution. It turns out that only the cosmological constant can pass this criterion successfully while the quintessence and phantom fields fail, as non-viable dark energy fields for this particular black hole solution. Moreover, assuming this black hole to possess the saturated entropy, the entropy-area law and the holographic principle can put two constraints on the radius $R$ of the cosmological horizon. The first one shows that the Hubble radius is discrete such that for any arbitrary value of the black hole mass $m_{0}$, the value of $R$ is determined up to an integer number. The latter one shows that when a black hole is immersed in a cosmological background, the radius of the cosmological horizon is constrained as $R
description: 13 pages, Minor revision
MOESM2 of Transcriptome-wide based identification of miRs in congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) in children: the significant upregulation of tissue miR-144 expression
Creators: name: Jovanovic, Ivan
name: Zivkovic, Maja
name: Kostic, Mirjana
name: Krstic, Zoran
name: Djuric, Tamara
name: Kolic, Ivana
name: Alavantic, Dragan
name: Stankovic, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 2. Top ranked miRs in Co-inertia analysis (CIA) performed with five different miR target prediction algorithms.
Ab Initio Calculations of the Spin-Half XY Model
Creators: name: Farnell, D. J. J.
name: Ristig, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, the correlated basis-function (CBF) method is applied for the first time to the quantum spin-half {\it XY} model on the linear chain, the square lattice, and the simple cubic lattice. In this treatment of the quantum spin-half {\it XY} model a Jastrow ansatz is utilised to approximate the ground-state wave function. Results for the ground-state energy and the sublattice magnetisation are presented, and evidence that the CBF detects the quantum phase transition point in this model is also presented. The CBF results are compared to previous coupled cluster method (CCM) results for the spin-half {\it XY} model, and the two formalisms are then compared and contrasted.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
title: Low-Density Polybutylene Terephthalate Foams with Enhanced Compressive Strength via a Reactive-Extrusion Process
Creators: name: Aksit, Merve
name: Gröschel, Sebastian
name: Kuhn, Ute
name: Aksit, Alper
name: Kreger, Klaus
name: Schmidt, Hans-Werner
name: Altstädt, Volker
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: foams
subject: polybutylene terephthalate
subject: foam extrusion
subject: reactive-extrusion
subject: supramolecular additives
subject: 1,3,5-benzene-trisamides
subject: cell nucleation
subject: foam morphology
subject: compressive strength
subject: 500
subject: 540
subject: 620
subject: 660

description: Due to their appealing properties such as high-temperature dimensional stability, chemical resistance, compressive strength and recyclability, new-generation foams based on engineering thermoplastics such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) have been gaining significant attention. Achieving low-density foams without sacrificing the mechanical properties is of vital importance for applications in the field of transportation and construction, where sufficient compressive strength is desired. In contrast to numerous research studies on PET foams, only a limited number of studies on PBT foams and in particular, on extruded PBT foams are known. Here we present a novel route to extruded PBT foams with densities as low as 80 kg/m3 and simultaneously with improved compressive properties manufactured by a tandem reactive-extrusion process. Improved rheological properties and therefore process stability were achieved using two selected 1,3,5-benzene-trisamides (BTA1 and BTA2), which are able to form supramolecular nanofibers in the PBT melt upon cooling. With only 0.08 wt of BTA1 and 0.02 wt of BTA2 the normalized compressive strength was increased by 28 and 15, respectively. This improvement is assigned to the intrinsic reinforcing effect of BTA fibers in the cell walls and struts.
Robust delay-dependent LPV output-feedback blood pressure control with real-time Bayesian estimation
Creators: name: Tasoujian, Shahin
name: Salavati, Saeed
name: Franchek, Matthew
name: Grigoriadis, Karolos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) dynamics estimation and its automated regulation could benefit the clinical and emergency resuscitation of critical patients. In order to address the variability and complexity of the MAP response of a patient to vasoactive drug infusion, a parameter-varying model with a varying time delay is considered to describe the MAP dynamics in response to drugs. The estimation of the varying parameters and the delay is performed via a Bayesian-based multiple-model square root cubature Kalman filtering approach. The estimation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed random-walk dynamics identification method using collected animal experiment data. Following the estimation algorithm, an automated drug delivery scheme to regulate the MAP response of the patient is carried out via time-delay linear parameter-varying (LPV) control techniques. In this regard, an LPV gain-scheduled output-feedback controller is designed to meet the MAP response requirements of tracking a desired reference MAP target and guarantee robustness against norm-bounded uncertainties and disturbances. In this context, parameter-dependent Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals are used to derive sufficient conditions for the robust stabilization of a general LPV system with an arbitrarily varying time delay and the results are provided in a convex linear matrix inequality (LMI) constraint framework. Finally, to evaluate the performance of the proposed MAP regulation approach, closed-loop simulations are conducted and the results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control method against various simulated clinical scenarios.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms among women in a refugee settlement: a cross-sectional study in northern Uganda
Creators: name: Adoch, Winnie
name: Garimoi, Christopher Orach
name: Scott, Suzanne E.
name: Okeny, Geoffrey Goddie
name: Moodley, Jennifer
name: Komakech, Henry
name: Walter, Fiona M.
name: Mwaka, Amos Deogratius
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research
Refugee settlement
Awareness
Cervical cancer
Risk factors
Symptoms

description: Abstract: Background: There are limited data on awareness of cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms among refugee populations living in Uganda. In this study, we sought to determine the awareness and knowledge of cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms among women in Palabek refugee settlement, northern Uganda. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study. 815 women (aged 18–60 years) were randomly selected using multistage sampling in Palabek refugee settlement. Data were collected using pre-tested, structured questionnaires. Logistic regression models were used to determine magnitudes of association between socio-demographic and health system factors, and knowledge on cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms. Results: The majority of participants (53%, n = 433) were young (18–29 years), married (68%, n = 553), and did not have formal employment (93%, n = 759). Less than half (40%, n = 325) had heard of cervical cancer. Of those who had heard, most recognized multiple male sexual partners, early onset of sexual intercourse and HPV infections as risk factors for cervical cancer (93%, n = 295; 89%, n = 283; and 86%, n = 271 respectively). Median knowledge score for risk factor recognition = 7 (IQR: 3–9). Median knowledge score for symptoms recognition = 7 (IQR: 1–10). Half of women (50%, n = 409) correctly recognized 7 to 11 symptoms of cervical cancer, with vaginal bleeding between menstrual periods, pelvic pain, and vaginal bleeding during/after sexual intercourse recognized by 58, 52 and 54% respectively. Single women (OR = 0.59 (95%CI: 0.38–0.94), and women that lived farther than 1 kilo meter from nearest health facility in South Sudan (OR = 0.36–0.49 (95%CI: 0.26–0.84) were less likely to be knowledgeable of symptoms of cervical cancer. Conclusion: A significant proportion of women in Palabek refugee settlement had not heard about cervical cancer. Refugee health services providers could increase awareness of cervical cancer risk factors and symptoms through health education in order to promote risk reduction behaviours and guide women during symptoms appraisal. Single women and those who lived more than one kilo metre from nearest health facility in home country could be a priority group for awareness intervention in the settlement.
Collisionless hydrodynamics for 1D motion of inhomogeneous degenerate electron gases: equivalence of two recent descriptions
Creators: name: Dobson, John F.
name: Le, Hung M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently I. Tokatly and O. Pankratov (''TP'', Phys. Rev. B 60, 15550 (1999)) used velocity moments of a semiclassical kinetic equation to derive a hydrodynamic description of electron motion in a degenerate electron gas. Independently, the present authors (Theochem 501-502, 327 (2000)) used considerations arising from the Harmonic Potential Theorem (Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 2244 (1994)) to generate a new form of high-frequency hydrodynamics for inhomogeneous degenerate electron gases (HPT-N3 hydrodynamics). We show here that TP hydrodynamics yields HPT-N3 hydrodynamics when linearized about a Thomas-Fermi groundstate with one-dimensional spatial inhomnogeneity.
description: 17pp