cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universality of Gauge Thresholds in Non-Supersymmetric Heterotic Vacua
Creators: name: Angelantonj, Carlo
name: Florakis, Ioannis
name: Tsulaia, Mirian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute one-loop threshold corrections to non-abelian gauge couplings in four-dimensional heterotic vacua with spontaneously broken $\cal N = 2 \to \cal N = 0$ supersymmetry, obtained as Scherk-Schwarz reductions of six-dimensional K3 compactifications. As expected, the gauge thresholds are no-longer BPS protected, and receive contributions also from the excitations of the RNS sector. Remarkably, the difference of thresholds for non-abelian gauge couplings is BPS saturated and exhibits a universal behaviour independently of the orbifold realisation of K3. Moreover, the thresholds and their difference develop infra-red logarithmic singularities whenever charged BPS-like states, originating from the twisted RNS sector, become massless at special loci in the classical moduli space.
description: 12 pages, corrected eqs. 3.19, 3.20 and 3.23 and an overall factor of 2 in all thresholds
Evolution of Brill waves with an adaptive pseudospectral method
Creators: name: Fernández, Isabel Suárez
name: Renkhoff, Sarah
name: Cors, Daniela
name: Bruegmann, Bernd
name: Hilditch, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a first application of the new adaptive mesh functionality of the the pseudospectral numerical relativity code bamps, we evolve twist-free, axisymmetric gravitational waves close to the threshold of collapse. We consider six different one-parameter families of Brill wave initial data; two centered and four off-centered families. Of these the latter have not been treated before. Within each family we tune the parameter towards the threshold of black hole formation. The results for centered data agree with earlier work. Our key results are first, that close to the threshold of collapse the global peak in the curvature appears on the symmetry axis but away from the origin, indicating that in the limit they will collapse around disjoint centers. This is confirmed in three of the six families by explicitly finding apparent horizons around these large curvature peaks. Second, we find evidence neither for strict discrete-self-similarity nor for universal power-law scaling of curvature quantities. Finally, as in Ledvinka & Khirnov's recent study, we find approximately universal strong curvature features. These features appear multiple times within individual spacetimes close to the threshold and are furthermore present within all six families.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Inanspruchnahme der Früherkennungsuntersuchungen für Kinder in Deutschland – Querschnittergebnisse aus KiGGS Welle 2
Creators: name: Schmidtke, Claudia
name: Kuntz, Benjamin
name: Starker, Anne
name: Lampert, Thomas
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: U-UNTERSUCHUNGEN
subject: FRÜHERKENNUNGSUNTERSUCHUNGEN
subject: KINDER UND JUGENDLICHE
subject: GESUNDHEITSMONITORING
subject: KIGGS
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Die Untersuchungen zur Früherkennung von Krankheiten („U-Untersuchungen“) zählen zu den wichtigsten Präventionsmaßnahmen im Kindesalter. Nach Daten von KiGGS Welle 2 liegen die Teilnahmequoten an den meisten Früherkennungsuntersuchungen bei über 95 %. So haben an der U1 und U2 99,7 % beziehungsweise 99,6 % und an der U8 und U9 98,0 % beziehungsweise 98,1 % der Kinder, die bereits das für die Teilnahme empfohlene Alter erreicht haben, teilgenommen. Kinder aus Familien mit niedrigem sozioökonomischen Status und Kinder mit beidseitigem Migrationshintergrund nehmen die Früherkennungsuntersuchungen etwas seltener wahr. Der Vergleich mit den vorausgegangenen KiGGS-Erhebungen zeigt, dass die Teilnahme an den Früherkennungsuntersuchungen in den letzten zehn Jahren deutlich zugenommen hat. Gleichzeitig haben sich die vormals stark ausgeprägten sozialen Unterschiede verringert.
Probing computational methodologies in predicting mid-infrared spectra for large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Creators: name: Kerkeni, Boutheïna
name: García-Bernete, Ismael
name: Rigopoulou, Dimitra
name: Tew, David P.
name: Roche, Patrick F.
name: Clary, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the prediction of vibrational spectra to large sized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules comprising up to \sim 1500 carbon atoms by evaluating the efficiency of several computational chemistry methodologies. We employ classical mechanics methods (Amber and Gaff) with improved atomic point charges, semi-empirical (PM3, and density functional tight binding), and density functional theory (B3LYP) and conduct global optimizations and frequency calculations in order to investigate the impact of PAH size on the vibrational band positions. We primarily focus on the following mid-infrared emission bands 3.3, 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, 11.3, 12.7, and 17.0 microns. We developed a general Frequency Scaling Function (FSF) to shift the bands and to provide a systematic comparison versus the three methods for each PAH. We first validate this procedure on IR scaled spectra from the NASA Ames PAH Database, and extend it to new large PAHs. We show that when the FSF is applied to the Amber and Gaff IR spectra, an agreement between the normal mode peak positions with those inferred from the B3LYP/4-31G model chemistry is achieved. As calculations become time intensive for large sized molecules Nc > 450, this proposed methodology has advantages. The FSF has enabled extending the investigations to large PAHs where we clearly see the emergence of the 17.0 microns feature, and the weakening of the 3.3 microns one. We finally investigate the trends in the 3.3 microns 17.0 microns PAH band ratio as a function of PAH size and its response following the exposure to fields of varying radiation intensities.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
Chaos synchronization in a BEC system using fuzzy logic controller
Creators: name: Tosyali, E.
name: Oniz, Y.
name: Aydogmus, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the presence of chaos in Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) systems plays a destructive role that can undermine the stability of the condensates, controlling the chaos is of great importance for the creation of the BEC. In this paper, a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) to synchronize the chaotic dynamics of two identical master-slave BEC systems has been proposed. Unlike the conventional approaches, where expert knowledge is directly used to construct the fuzzy rules and membership functions, the fuzzy rules have been constructed using Lyapunov stability theorem ensuring the synchronization process. The effectiveness of the proposed controller has been demonstrated numerically.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Regulation of Flagellum Biosynthesis in Response to Cell Envelope Stress in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
Creators: name: Spöring, Imke
name: Felgner, Sebastian
name: Preuße, Matthias
name: Eckweiler, Denitsa
name: Rohde, Manfred
name: Häussler, Susanne
name: Weiss, Siegfried
name: Erhardt, Marc
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Flagellum-driven motility of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium facilitates host colonization. However, the large extracellular flagellum is also a prime target for the immune system. As consequence, expression of flagella is bistable within a population of Salmonella, resulting in flagellated and nonflagellated subpopulations. This allows the bacteria to maximize fitness in hostile environments. The degenerate EAL domain protein RflP (formerly YdiV) is responsible for the bistable expression of flagella by directing the flagellar master regulatory complex FlhD4C2 with respect to proteolytic degradation. Information concerning the environmental cues controlling expression of rflP and thus about the bistable flagellar biosynthesis remains ambiguous. Here, we demonstrated that RflP responds to cell envelope stress and alterations of outer membrane integrity. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) truncation mutants of Salmonella Typhimurium exhibited increasing motility defects due to downregulation of flagellar gene expression. Transposon mutagenesis and genetic profiling revealed that σ24 (RpoE) and Rcs phosphorelay-dependent cell envelope stress response systems sense modifications of the lipopolysaccaride, low pH, and activity of the complement system. This subsequently results in activation of RflP expression and degradation of FlhD4C2 via ClpXP. We speculate that the presence of diverse hostile environments inside the host might result in cell envelope damage and would thus trigger the repression of resource-costly and immunogenic flagellum biosynthesis via activation of the cell envelope stress response.
Sub-Laplacian eigenvalue bounds on sub-Riemannian manifolds
Creators: name: Hassannezhad, Asma
name: Kokarev, Gerasim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study eigenvalue problems for intrinsic sub-Laplacians on regular sub-Riemannian manifolds. We prove upper bounds for sub-Laplacian eigenvalues $λ_k$ of conformal sub-Riemannian metrics that are asymptotically sharp as $k\to +\infty$. For Sasakian manifolds with a lower Ricci curvature bound, and more generally, for contact metric manifolds conformal to such Sasakian manifolds, we obtain eigenvalue inequalities that can be viewed as versions of the classical results by Korevaar and Buser in Riemannian geometry.
description: 37 pages, final version, to appear in Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa - Classe di Scienze
Glauber dynamics of the random energy model II. Aging below the critical temperature
Creators: name: Ben Arous, Gérard
name: Bovier, Anton
name: Gayrard, Véronique
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: aging
subject: Glauber dynamics
subject: random energy model
subject: trap models
subject: metastability
subject: extreme values
subject: 82C44
subject: 60K35

description: We investigate the long-time behavior of the Glauber dynamics for the random energy model below the critical temperature. We establish that for a suitably chosen timescale that diverges with the size of the system, one can prove that a natural autocorrelation function exhibits aging. Moreover, we show that the long-time asymptotics of this function coincide with those of the so-called "REM-like trap model" proposed by Bouchaud and Dean. Our results rely on very precise estimates on the distribution of transition times of the process between different states of extremely low energy.
Wheat for Community Food Systems and Equitable Nutrient Availability
Creators: name: Metcalfe, Merri
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Nutrition
Sustainable food systems
Wheat breeding
Plant Breeding
Sustainability

description: For the last 100 years, wheat breeders have been breeding for white flour at any cost—both nutritional and environmental. There is a direct link between the overabundance of white flour on the market and both the national and global dietary fiber gap. The fiber gap refers to inadequate intake of dietary fiber by humans and plays a role in the development of several chronic diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and irritable bowel disease. For reference, in the United States the daily fiber recommended intake is 28 to 34 grams per day for adults. On average, 94% of Americans do not meet daily fiber needs and 74% exceed recommended intakes for refined grains. This dissertation provides two solutions to fill this gap and improve access to whole grains which in turn would lead to improved health outcomes. The first solution is to expand our definition of quality grain. The second is to refuse to sift and value 100% whole grain flour. Chapter one shows that smaller wheat kernels routinely rejected by the commodity system have unrecognized value in that they contain 15.9% more bran on average which equates to more dietary fiber and minerals. If we chose to value and accept these smaller kernels, we can improve both human and planetary health. Chapter two reviews the literature and provides a transdisciplinary approach to fill the fiber gap through connecting the plant breeder, cereal chemist, dietitian, and eater. Chapter three examines the total dietary fiber lost when sifting at three extraction rates compared to that of 100% unsifted flour. Fiber losses from sifting are as high as 67%. Chapter four looks at the history and irony of flour fortification in the United States and proposes that an alternative system favoring 100% unsifted flour would be both more ethical and environmentally friendly. Chapter five explores the power of experiential teaching, community outreach, and accessible research in closing the fiber gap. Chapter six examines the relationship between nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers in organic spring wheat systems and bread baking quality and asks the question do we need to keep trying to mimic industrial food systems or can we adjust our expectations of quality bread? Finally, chapter seven analyzes the sound of wheat and the importance of playing loudly and listening carefully.
A Comparative Study of Hierarchical Risk Parity Portfolio and Eigen Portfolio on the NIFTY 50 Stocks
Creators: name: Sen, Jaydip
name: Dutta, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Portfolio optimization has been an area of research that has attracted a lot of attention from researchers and financial analysts. Designing an optimum portfolio is a complex task since it not only involves accurate forecasting of future stock returns and risks but also needs to optimize them. This paper presents a systematic approach to portfolio optimization using two approaches, the hierarchical risk parity algorithm and the Eigen portfolio on seven sectors of the Indian stock market. The portfolios are built following the two approaches to historical stock prices from Jan 1, 2016, to Dec 31, 2020. The portfolio performances are evaluated on the test data from Jan 1, 2021, to Nov 1, 2021. The backtesting results of the portfolios indicate that the performance of the HRP portfolio is superior to that of its Eigen counterpart on both training and test data for the majority of the sectors studied.
description: This is the accepted version of our paper at the 2nd International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Data Analytics, January 8 - 9, 2021, Hyderabad. The paper is 15 pages long and it contains 21 figures and 7 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2202.02728
A software package for Mori dream spaces
Creators: name: Hausen, Juergen
name: Keicher, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14Q10, 14Q15

description: Mori dream spaces form a large example class of algebraic varieties, comprising the well known toric varieties. We provide a first software package for the explicit treatment of Mori dream spaces and demonstrate its use by presenting basic sample computations. The software package is accompanied by a Cox ring database which delivers defining data for Cox rings and Mori dream spaces in a suitable format. As an application of the package, we determine the common Cox ring for the symplectic resolutions of a certain quotient singularity investigated by Bellamy/Schedler and Donten-Bury/Wiśniewski.
description: 11 pages, minor changes, to appear in LMS Journal of Computation and Mathematics
Inference in non-equilibrium systems from incomplete information: the case of linear systems and its pitfalls
Creators: name: Lucente, Dario
name: Baldassarri, Andrea
name: Puglisi, Andrea
name: Vulpiani, Angelo
name: Viale, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from experiments and theoretical arguments are the two pillars sustaining the job of modelling physical systems through inference. In order to solve the inference problem, the data should satisfy certain conditions that depend also upon the particular questions addressed in a research. Here we focus on the characterization of systems in terms of a distance from equilibrium, typically the entropy production (time-reversal asymmetry) or the violation of the Kubo fluctuation-dissipation relation. We show how general, counter-intuitive and negative for inference, is the problem of the impossibility to estimate the distance from equilibrium using a series of scalar data which have a Gaussian statistics. This impossibility occurs also when the data are correlated in time, and that is the most interesting case because it usually stems from a multi-dimensional linear Markovian system where there are many time-scales associated to different variables and, possibly, thermal baths. Observing a single variable (or a linear combination of variables) results in a one-dimensional process which is always indistinguishable from an equilibrium one (unless a perturbation-response experiment is available). In a setting where only data analysis (and not new experiments) is allowed, we propose - as a way out - the combined use of different series of data acquired with different parameters. This strategy works when there is a sufficient knowledge of the connection between experimental parameters and model parameters. We also briefly discuss how such results emerge, similarly, in the context of Markov chains within certain coarse-graining schemes. Our conclusion is that the distance from equilibrium is related to quite a fine knowledge of the full phase space, and therefore typically hard to approximate in real experiments.
description: 23 pages - 8 figures
Discrete Fourier transforms and their application to stress-strain problems in composite mechanics: A convergence study
Creators: name: Brown, Calum M.
name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Müller, Wolfgang H.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Discrete Fourier transforms
subject: Neumann iteration
subject: fixpoint theorem
subject: composites
subject: 42B10
subject: 45A05
subject: 15A09
subject: 74E30

description: We present in this paper a method for determining the convergence characteristics of the Neumann iterative solution of a discrete version of a second-type Fredholm equation. Implemented as the so-called "equivalent inclusion problem" within the context of mechanical stress/strain analysis, it allows the modeling of elastically highly heterogeneous bodies with the aid of Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT). A method is developed with which we can quantify pre-analysis (i.e., at iteration zero) the convergence behavior of the Neumann scheme depending on the choice of an auxiliary stiffness tensor, specifically for the linear-elastic case. It is shown that a careful choice of this tensor results in both guaranteed convergence and a smaller convergence radius for the solution. Furthermore, there is some indication that as the convergence radius decreases, the scheme may converge to a solution at a faster rate translating into an increase in computational efficiency.
A new type of travelling wave solutions
Creators: name: Schneider, Klaus R.
name: Shchepakina, Elena
name: Sobolev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: travelling wave
subject: singular perturbations
subject: canards
subject: combustion
subject: 34E15
subject: 35B25
subject: 35K55
subject: 80A25

description: We study the existence of combustion waves for an autocatalytic reaction in the non-adiabatic case. Basing on the fact that the reaction system has canard solutions separating the slow combustion regime from the explosive one, we prove by applying the geometric theory of singularly perturbed differential equations the existence of a new type of travelling waves solutions, the so-called canard travelling waves.
Enhanced fault-tolerant quantum computing in $d$-level systems
Creators: name: Campbell, Earl T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Error correcting codes protect quantum information and form the basis of fault tolerant quantum computing. Leading proposals for fault-tolerant quantum computation require codes with an exceedingly rare property, a transverse non-Clifford gate. Codes with the desired property are presented for $d$-level, qudit, systems with prime $d$. The codes use $n=d-1$ qudits and can detect upto $\sim d/3$ errors. We quantify the performance of these codes for one approach to quantum computation, known as magic state distillation. Unlike prior work, we find performance is always enhanced by increasing $d$.
description: Author's final copy. Changes includes correction to plot in figure 1
GL-RG: Global-Local Representation Granularity for Video Captioning
Creators: name: Yan, Liqi
name: Wang, Qifan
name: Cui, Yiming
name: Feng, Fuli
name: Quan, Xiaojun
name: Zhang, Xiangyu
name: Liu, Dongfang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video captioning is a challenging task as it needs to accurately transform visual understanding into natural language description. To date, state-of-the-art methods inadequately model global-local representation across video frames for caption generation, leaving plenty of room for improvement. In this work, we approach the video captioning task from a new perspective and propose a GL-RG framework for video captioning, namely a \textbf{G}lobal-\textbf{L}ocal \textbf{R}epresentation \textbf{G}ranularity. Our GL-RG demonstrates three advantages over the prior efforts: 1) we explicitly exploit extensive visual representations from different video ranges to improve linguistic expression; 2) we devise a novel global-local encoder to produce rich semantic vocabulary to obtain a descriptive granularity of video contents across frames; 3) we develop an incremental training strategy which organizes model learning in an incremental fashion to incur an optimal captioning behavior. Experimental results on the challenging MSR-VTT and MSVD datasets show that our DL-RG outperforms recent state-of-the-art methods by a significant margin. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/ylqi/GL-RG}.
description: Accepted to IJCAI 2022
Nilpotence and Duality in the Complete Cohomology of a Module
Creators: name: Carlson, Jon F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C20 (primary), 20J06, 18G80

description: Suppose that $G$ is a finite group and $k$ is a field of characteristic $p>0$. We consider the complete cohomology ring $\mathcal{E}_M^* = \sum_{n \in \mathbb{Z}} \widehat{Ext}^n_{kG}(M,M)$. We show that the ring has two distinguished ideals $I^* \subseteq J^* \subseteq \mathcal{E}_M^*$ such that $I^*$ is bounded above in degrees, $\mathcal{E}_M^*/J^*$ is bounded below in degree and $J^*/I^*$ is eventually periodic with terms of bounded dimension. We prove that if $M$ is neither projective nor periodic, then the subring of all elements in negative degrees in $\mathcal{E}_M^*$ is a nilpotent algebra.
description: 15 pages, The Version of Record of this article is published in Beitr\"age zur Algebra und Geometrie and is available on line at https://doi.org/10.1007/s13366-021-00595-y
Light mass galileon and late time acceleration of the Universe
Creators: name: Myrzakulov, R.
name: Shahalam, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Galileon scalar field model by considering the lowest order Galileon term in the lagrangian, $(\partial_μ ϕ)^2 \Boxϕ$ by invoking a field potential. We use Statefinder hierarchy to distinguish the light mass galileon models with different potentials amongst themselves and from the $Λ$CDM behaviour. The $Om$ diagnostic is applied to cosmological dynamics and observational constraints on the model parameters are studied using SN+Hubble+BAO data.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
The Dirac impenetrable barrier in the limit point of the Klein energy zone
Creators: name: De Vincenzo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reanalyze the problem of a 1D Dirac single particle colliding with the electrostatic potential step of height $V_{0}$ with a positive incoming energy that tends to the limit point of the so-called Klein energy zone, i.e., $E\rightarrow V_{0}-\mathrm{m}c^{2}$, for a given $V_{0}$. In such a case, the particle is actually colliding with an impenetrable barrier. In fact, $V_{0}\rightarrow E+\mathrm{m}c^{2}$, for a given relativistic energy $E\,(
description: 21 pages. A few results of the article were presented at the 17th Siam Physics Congress (SPC), 22-24 June 2022
Effects of porous media on the phase behaviour of polypeptide solutions
Creators: name: Shmotolokha, V. I.
name: Holovko, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized van der Waals equation for anisotropic fluids in porous media, proposed by the authors in previous works, is used to describe the effect of porous media on the phase behavior of polypeptide solutions. By introducing the temperature dependence for the depth of the potential well and the geometric parameters of the spherocylinder, the main features of phase behavior of the polypeptide poly ($γ$-benzyl-$L$-glutamate) (PBLG) in a solution of dimethylformamide, including the existence of two nematic phases, is reproduced. It is shown that the presence of a porous medium shifts the phase diagram to the region of lower densities and lower temperatures.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Moving Parsons Blacksmith Shop, photos
Creators: name: Unknown
name: Springs Historical Society/Library
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: Blacksmithing
Blacksmiths
Forge shops
East Hampton
Springs
Moving of structures

description: These images show multiple views of the moving process for the Parson Blacksmith Shop in March of 1983.
description: February through September photographs.
Sparse modeling approach for quasiclassical theory of superconductivity
Creators: name: Nagai, Yuki
name: Shinaoka, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the sparse modeling approach for quasiclassical theory of superconductivity, which reduces the computational cost of solving the gap equations. The recently proposed sparse modeling approach is based on the fact that the Green's function has less information than its spectral function and hence is compressible without loss of relevant information. With the use of the so-called intermediate representation of the Green's function in the sparse modeling approach, one can solve the gap equation with only 10-100 sampled Matsubara Green's functions, while the conventional quasiclassical theory needs 100-1000 ones. We show the efficiency of our method in bulk and vortex states, by self-consistently solving the Eilenberger equations and gap equations. We claim that the sparse modeling approach is appropriate in all theoretical methods based on the Matsubara formalism in the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Mundgesundheitsverhalten von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland – Querschnittergebnisse aus KiGGS Welle 2 und Trends
Creators: name: Krause, Laura
name: Kuntz, Benjamin
name: Schenk, Liane
name: Knopf, Hildtraud
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: KINDER UND JUGENDLICHE
subject: ZAHNPUTZHÄUFIGKEIT
subject: ZAHNVORSORGEUNTERSUCHUNGEN
subject: GESUNDHEITSMONITORING
subject: KIGGS
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In der Prävention von Karies und Parodontitis spielt das Mundgesundheitsverhalten eine wichtige Rolle. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt Prävalenz, Determinanten und Trends von Zahnputzhäufigkeit und Inanspruchnahme zahnärztlicher Vorsorgeuntersuchungen. Die Analysen basieren auf Daten der zweiten Folgeerhebung der Studie zur Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland (KiGGS Welle 2, 2014 – 2017). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass mit rund 80 % die Mehrheit der Kinder und Jugendlichen die Empfehlungen zur Zahnputzhäufigkeit sowie zur Inanspruchnahme zahnärztlicher Vorsorgeuntersuchungen erfüllt. Rund ein Fünftel der Kinder und Jugendlichen erreicht die Empfehlungen nicht. Jugendliche zwischen 14 und 17 Jahren sowie Heranwachsende mit niedrigem sozioökonomischen Status und mit Migrationshintergrund stellen sich als besondere Risikogruppen heraus. Im Vergleich zur KiGGSBasiserhebung (2003 – 2006) haben sich die Zahnputzhäufigkeit und die Inanspruchnahme zahnärztlicher Vorsorgeuntersuchungen verbessert. Zwar zeigt sich diese positive Entwicklung in fast allen analysierten Bevölkerungsgruppen, die in der Basiserhebung identifizierten Risikogruppen bestehen in KiGGS Welle 2 allerdings fort. Zielgruppengerechte Maßnahmen zur Förderung des Mundgesundheitsverhaltens in jungen Jahren sollten insofern aufrechterhalten beziehungsweise ausgebaut werden.
Analytical and numerical studying of the perturbed Korteweg--de Vries equation
Creators: name: Kudryashov, Nikolay A.
name: Sinelshchikov, Dmitry I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perturbed Korteweg--de Vries equation is considered. This equation is used for the description of one--dimensional viscous gas dynamics, nonlinear waves in a liquid with gas bubbles and nonlinear acoustic waves. The integrability of this equation is investigated using the Painlevé approach. The condition for parameters for the integrability of the perturbed Korteweg--de Vries equation equation is established. New classical and nonclassical symmetries admitted by this equation are found. All corresponding symmetry reductions are obtained. New exact solutions of these reductions are constructed. They are expressed via trigonometric and Airy functions. Stability of the exact solutions of the perturbed Korteweg--de Vries equation is investigated numerically.
description: Revised version
Higgs instability and de Sitter radiation
Creators: name: Goswami, Gaurav
name: Mohanty, Subhendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particle physics is assumed to hold good to arbitrarily high energies, then, for the best fit values of the parameters, the scalar potential of the Standard Model Higgs field turns negative at a high scale $μ_{\rm inst}$. If the physics beyond the SM is such that it does not modify this feature of the Higgs potential and if the Hubble parameter during inflation ($H_{\rm inf}$) is such that $H_{\rm inf} \gg μ_{\rm inst}$, then, quantum fluctuations of the SM Higgs during inflation make it extremely unlikely that after inflation it will be found in the metastable vacuum at the weak scale. In this work, we assume that (i) during inflation, the SM Higgs is in Bunch-Davies vacuum state, and, (ii) the question about the stability of the effective potential must be answered in the frame of the freely falling observer (just like in Minkowski spacetime), and then use the well known fact that the freely falling observer finds Bunch-Davies vacuum to be in thermal state to show that the probability to end up in the electroweak vacuum after inflation is reasonably high.
description: Version to appear in Phys Lett B
Contact angle of water on a model heterogeneous surface. A density functional approach
Creators: name: Dąbrowska, K.
name: Pizio, O.
name: Sokołowski, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a density functional approach to calculate the contact angle of the water model on a heterogeneous, graphite-like surface. The surface heterogeneity results from the pre-adsorption of a layer of spherical species. The pre-adsorbed molecules can also be a mixture of molecules of different sizes. The presence of pre-adsorbed layer causes geometrical and energetical heterogeneity of the surfaces. Two cases are considered. The pre-adsorbed molecules can either behave like hard-sphere obstacles, or they can also attract the molecules of water. In the first case, an increase of the amount of pre-adsorbed species leads to an increase of the wetting temperature, but this increase does not depend linearly on the amount of obstacles. In the case of obstacles exerting attractive forces on water molecules, the curves describing the dependence between the amount of pre-adsorbed species and the contact angle can exhibit a maximum. In addition, we have also studied how the pre-adsorbed species influence the local densities of gaseous and liquid phases in contact with a modified solid surface.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
The Anodontini of Vietnam (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionidae: Unioninae) with the description of a new species.
Creators: name: Arthur, Bogan
name: Van Tu, Do
name: Froufe Elsa
name: Lopes-Lima Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cristaria
Pletholophus
Sinanodonta
Systematics

description: supplemental tables
Quartic Hamiltonians, and higher Hamiltonians at next-to-leading order, for the affine $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ Gaudin model
Creators: name: Franzini, Tommaso
name: Young, Charles A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we will use a general procedure to construct higher local Hamiltonians for the affine $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ Gaudin model. We focus on the first non-trivial example, the quartic Hamiltonians. We show by direct calculation that the quartic Hamiltonians commute amongst themselves and with the quadratic Hamiltonians which define the model. We go on to introduce a certain next-to-leading-order semi-classical limit of the model. In this limit, we are able to write down the full hierarchy of higher local Hamiltonians and prove that they commute.
description: 32 pages,1 figure. Accepted version for J. Phys. A: Math. Theor
The Simulated Catalogue of Optical Transients and Correlated Hosts (SCOTCH)
Creators: name: Lokken, Martine
name: Gagliano, Alexander
name: Narayan, Gautham
name: Hložek, Renée
name: Kessler, Richard
name: Crenshaw, John Franklin
name: Salo, Laura
name: Alves, Catarina S.
name: Chatterjee, Deep
name: Vincenzi, Maria
name: Malz, Alex I.
name: Collaboration, The LSST Dark Energy Science
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As we observe a rapidly growing number of astrophysical transients, we learn more about the diverse host galaxy environments in which they occur. Host galaxy information can be used to purify samples of cosmological Type Ia supernovae, uncover the progenitor systems of individual classes, and facilitate low-latency follow-up of rare and peculiar explosions. In this work, we develop a novel data-driven methodology to simulate the time-domain sky that includes detailed modeling of the probability density function for multiple transient classes conditioned on host galaxy magnitudes, colours, star formation rates, and masses. We have designed these simulations to optimize photometric classification and analysis in upcoming large synoptic surveys. We integrate host galaxy information into the SNANA simulation framework to construct the Simulated Catalogue of Optical Transients and Correlated Hosts (SCOTCH), a publicly-available catalogue of 5 million idealized transient light curves in LSST passbands and their host galaxy properties over the redshift range $0
description: 30 pages, 21 figures. Updated to reflect version published in MNRAS Vol. 520, Issue 2. This version improves the treatment of transient-host offsets and AGN host correlations. Associated SCOTCH files are available through Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7563623
Suspending Effect on Low-Frequency Charge Noise in Graphene Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Song, Xiang-Xiang
name: Li, Hai-Ou
name: You, Jie
name: Han, Tian-Yi
name: Cao, Gang
name: Tu, Tao
name: Xiao, Ming
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Jiang, Hong-Wen
name: Guo, Guo-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge noise is critical in the performance of gate-controlled quantum dots (QDs). Here we show the 1/f noise for a microscopic graphene QD is substantially larger than that for a macroscopic graphene field-effect transistor (FET), increasing linearly with temperature. To understand its origin, we suspended the graphene QD above the substrate. In contrast to large area graphene FETs, we find that a suspended graphene QD has an almost-identical noise level as an unsuspended one. Tracking noise levels around the Coulomb blockade peak as a function of gate voltage yields potential fluctuations of order 1 "μeV", almost one order larger than in GaAs/GaAlAs QDs. Edge states rather than substrate-induced disorders, appear to dominate the 1/f noise, thus affecting the coherency of graphene nano-devices.
description: 14pages,5figure
Generalized Helmholtz conditions for non-conservative Lagrangian systems
Creators: name: Bucataru, Ioan
name: Constantinescu, Oana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70H03, 70F17, 49N45, 34A26

description: In this paper we provide generalized Helmholtz conditions, in terms of a semi-basic 1-form, which characterize when a given system of second order ordinary differential equations is equivalent to the Lagrange equations, for some given arbitrary non-conservative forces. For the particular cases of dissipative or gyroscopic forces, these conditions, when expressed in terms of a multiplier matrix, reduce to those obtained in [18]. When the involved geometric structures are homogeneous with respect to the fibre coordinates, we show how one can further simplify the generalized Helmholtz conditions. We provide examples where the proposed generalized Helmholtz conditions, expressed in terms of a semi-basic 1-form, can be integrated and the corresponding Lagrangian and Lagrange equations can be found.
description: final version, for more details of some proofs please see the old version
Products of binomial coefficients and unreduced Farey fractions
Creators: name: Lagarias, Jeffrey C.
name: Mehta, Harsh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11B65, Secondary: 05A10, 11B57, 11N05, 11N64

description: This paper studies the product $\bar{G}_n$ of the binomial coefficients in the n-th row of Pascal's triangle, which equals the reciprocal of the product of all the reduced and unreduced Farey fractions of order n. It studies its size as a real number, measured by its logarithm $log(\bar{G}_n)$, and its prime factorization, measured by the order of divisibility by a fixed prime p, each viewed as a function of n. It derives three formulas for its prime power divisibility, $ord_p(\bar{G}_n)$, two of which relate it to base p radix expansions of n, and which display different facets of its behavior. These formulas are used to determine the maximal growth rate of each $ord_p(\bar{G}_n)$ and structure of the fluctuations of these functions. It also defines analogous functions for all integer bases $b$ replacing prime bases. A final topic relates the factorizations of $\bar{G}_n$ to Chebyshev-type prime-counting estimates and the prime number theorem.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures, two Appendices. ; v2 is 31 pages, Appendices moved before reference list; v3 is 31 pages,corrections to match journal version
Decay estimates and a vanishing phenomenon for the solutions of critical anisotropic equations
Creators: name: Vétois, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions of anisotropic equations of the form $-\sum_{i=1}^n\partial_{x_i}(\left|\partial_{x_i}u\right|^{p_i-2}\partial_{x_i}u)=f(x,u)$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$, where $p_i>1$ for all $i=1,\dotsc,n$ and $f$ is a Caratheodory function with critical Sobolev growth. This problem arises in particular from the study of extremal functions for a class of anisotropic Sobolev inequalities. We establish decay estimates for the solutions and their derivatives, and we bring to light a vanishing phenomenon which occurs when the maximum value of the exponents $p_i$ exceeds a critical value.
description: Final version to appear in Advances in Mathematics
Novelty and Cultural Evolution in Modern Popular Music
Creators: name: O'Toole, Katherine
name: Horvát, Emőke-Ágnes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ubiquity of digital music consumption has made it possible to extract information about modern music that allows us to perform large scale analysis of stylistic change over time. In order to uncover underlying patterns in cultural evolution, we examine the relationship between the established characteristics of different genres and styles, and the introduction of novel ideas that fuel this ongoing creative evolution. To understand how this dynamic plays out and shapes the cultural ecosystem, we compare musical artifacts to their contemporaries to identify novel artifacts, study the relationship between novelty and commercial success, and connect this to the changes in musical content that we can observe over time. Using Music Information Retrieval (MIR) data and lyrics from Billboard Hot 100 songs between 1974-2013, we calculate a novelty score for each song's aural attributes and lyrics. Comparing both scores to the popularity of the song following its release, we uncover key patterns in the relationship between novelty and audience reception. Additionally, we look at the link between novelty and the likelihood that a song was influential given where its MIR and lyrical features fit within the larger trends we observed.
title: GEI 030: Olymos. Decree on purchase of land
Creators: name: Santini, Marco
Publisher: name: Laboratorio di Storia, Archeologia, Epigrafia e Tradizione dell'antico (SAET) - Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Epigraphy, ancient Greek economy

description: Edition and commentary of  "Olymos. Decree on purchase of land"
Low energy points on the sphere and the real projective plane
Creators: name: Beltrán, Carlos
name: Etayo, Ujué
name: López-Gómez, Pedro R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31C12, 31C20, 41A60, 52C15, 52C35, 52A40

description: We present a generalization of a family of points on $\mathbb{S}^2$, the Diamond ensemble, containing collections of $N$ points on $\mathbb{S}^2$ with very small logarithmic energy for all $N\in\mathbb{N}$. We extend this construction to the real projective plane $\mathbb{RP}^2$ and we obtain upper and lower bounds with explicit constants for the Green and logarithmic energy on this last space.
description: 17 pages
Compression and Data Similarity: Combination of Two Techniques for Communication-Efficient Solving of Distributed Variational Inequalities
Creators: name: Beznosikov, Aleksandr
name: Gasnikov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Variational inequalities are an important tool, which includes minimization, saddles, games, fixed-point problems. Modern large-scale and computationally expensive practical applications make distributed methods for solving these problems popular. Meanwhile, most distributed systems have a basic problem - a communication bottleneck. There are various techniques to deal with it. In particular, in this paper we consider a combination of two popular approaches: compression and data similarity. We show that this synergy can be more effective than each of the approaches separately in solving distributed smooth strongly monotone variational inequalities. Experiments confirm the theoretical conclusions.
description: v2: minor changes. 19 pages, 1 algorithm, 1 figure, 1 table, 1 theorem
A deep inverse reinforcement learning approach to route choice modeling with context-dependent rewards
Creators: name: Zhao, Zhan
name: Liang, Yuebing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Route choice modeling is a fundamental task in transportation planning and demand forecasting. Classical methods generally adopt the discrete choice model (DCM) framework with linear utility functions and high-level route characteristics. While several recent studies have started to explore the applicability of deep learning for route choice modeling, they are limited to path-based models with relatively simple model architectures and relying on predefined choice sets. Existing link-based models can capture the dynamic nature of link choices within the trip without the need for choice set generation, but still assume linear relationships and link-additive features. To address these issues, this study proposes a general deep inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) framework for link-based route choice modeling, which is capable of incorporating diverse features (of the state, action and trip context) and capturing complex relationships. Specifically, we adapt an adversarial IRL model to the route choice problem for efficient estimation of context-dependent reward functions without value iteration. Experiment results based on taxi GPS data from Shanghai, China validate the superior prediction performance of the proposed model over conventional DCMs and other imitation learning baselines, even for destinations unseen in the training data. Further analysis show that the model exhibits competitive computational efficiency and reasonable interpretability. The proposed methodology provides a new direction for future development of route choice models. It is general and can be adaptable to other route choice problems across different modes and networks.