cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetic Cycles in a Convective Dynamo Simulation of a Young Solar-type Star
Creators: name: Brown, Benjamin P.
name: Miesch, Mark S.
name: Browning, Matthew K.
name: Brun, Allen Sacha
name: Toomre, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young solar-type stars rotate rapidly and many are magnetically active; some undergo magnetic cycles similar to the 22-year solar activity cycle. We conduct simulations of dynamo action in rapidly rotating suns with the 3D MHD anelastic spherical harmonic (ASH) code to explore dynamo action achieved in the convective envelope of a solar-type star rotating at 5 times the current solar rotation rate. Striking global-scale magnetic wreaths appear in the midst of the turbulent convection zone and show rich time-dependence. The dynamo exhibits cyclic activity and undergoes quasi-periodic polarity reversals where both the global-scale poloidal and toroidal fields change in sense on a roughly 1500 day time scale. These magnetic activity patterns emerge spontaneously from the turbulent flow and are more organized temporally and spatially than those realized in our previous simulations of the solar dynamo. We assess in detail the competing processes of magnetic field creation and destruction within our simulations that contribute to the global-scale reversals. We find that the mean toroidal fields are built primarily through an $Ω$-effect, while the mean poloidal fields are built by turbulent correlations which are not necessarily well represented by a simple $α$-effect. During a reversal the magnetic wreaths propagate towards the polar regions, and this appears to arise from a poleward propagating dynamo wave. The primary response in the convective flows involves the axisymmetric differential rotation which shows variations associated with the poleward propagating magnetic wreaths. In the Sun, similar patterns are observed in the poleward branch of the torsional oscillations, and these may represent poleward propagating magnetic fields deep below the solar surface. [abridged]
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, emulateapj format; accepted for publication in ApJ. Expanded and published version of sections 5-6 from http://arxiv.org/abs/0906.2407
Words are the New Numbers: A Newsy Coincident Index of the Business Cycle
Creators: name: Anders Thorsrud, Leif
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: I construct a daily business cycle index based on quarterly GDP growth and textual information contained in a daily business newspaper. The newspaper data are decomposed into time series representing news topics, while the business cycle index is estimated using the topics and a time-varying dynamic factor model where dynamic sparsity is enforced upon the factor loadings using a latent threshold mechanism. The resulting index classifies the phases of the business cycle with almost perfect accuracy and provides broad-based high-frequency information about the type of news that drive or reflect economic fluctuations. In out-of-sample nowcasting experiments, the model is competitive with forecast combination systems and expert judgment, and produces forecasts with predictive power for future revisions in GDP. Thus, news reduces noise. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Electromagnetic sources distributed on shells in a Schwarzschild background
Creators: name: Gürlebeck, N.
name: Bičák, J.
name: Gutiérrez-Piñeres, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Introduction we briefly recall our previous results on stationary electromagnetic fields on black-hole backgrounds and the use of spin-weighted spherical harmonics. We then discuss static electric and magnetic test fields in a Schwarzschild background using some of these results. As sources we do not consider point charges or current loops like in previous works, rather, we analyze spherical shells with smooth electric or magnetic charge distributions as well as electric or magnetic dipole distributions depending on both angular coordinates. Particular attention is paid to the discontinuities of the field, of the 4-potential, and their relation to the source.
description: dedicated to Professor Goldberg's 86th birthday, accepted for publication in Gen. Relat. Gravit., 12 pages
NVCL Reporting Software Update
Creators: name: Fazio, Vincent
name: Mule, Shane
name: Laukamp, Carsten
Publisher: name: AuScope
Year: 2025
Subjects: Australian National Virtual Core Library
The Spectral Geologist
Python
NVCL

description: This brief talk describes the progress so far in building report generation software for measuring the amount and quality of data collected by the AuScope National Virtual Core Library (NVCL) research program. In addition, it includes material used to invite the audience to participate in a discussion about the design and implementation of scanned borehole length metrics.
Anisotropic conductivity of doped graphene due to short-range non-symmetric scattering
Creators: name: Vasko, F. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductivity of doped graphene is considered taking into account scattering by short-range nonsymmetric defects, when the longitudinal and transverse components of conductivity tensor appear to be different. The calculations of the anisotropic conductivity tensor are based on the quasiclassical kinetic equation for the case of monopolar transport at low temperatures. The effective longitudinal conductivity and the transverse voltage, which are controlled by orientation of sample and by gate voltage (i.e. doping level), are presented.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures
Anomalous Bloch oscillations in one dimensional parity-breaking periodic potentials
Creators: name: Pettini, Giulio
name: Modugno, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of a wave packet in a parity-breaking one-dimensional periodic potential slowly varied in time and perturbed by a linear potential. Parity is broken by considering an asymmetric double well per unit cell. By comparing the prediction of the semiclassical dynamics with the full Schrödinger solution, we show that Bloch oscillations are strongly affected by anomalous velocity corrections related to Berry's phase. We characterize how these effects depend on the degree of parity breaking of the potential and on the modulation parameters. We also discuss how to measure the effects of the anomalous velocity in current experiments with non-interacting Bose-Einstein condensates in bichromatic optical lattices, under the effect of gravity.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Effect of promoter architecture on the cell-to-cell variability in gene expression
Creators: name: Sanchez, Alvaro
name: Garcia, Hernan
name: Jones, Daniel
name: Phillips, Rob
name: Kondev, Jane'
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: According to recent experimental evidence, the architecture of a promoter, defined as the number, strength and regulatory role of the operators that control the promoter, plays a major role in determining the level of cell-to-cell variability in gene expression. These quantitative experiments call for a corresponding modeling effort that addresses the question of how changes in promoter architecture affect noise in gene expression in a systematic rather than case-by-case fashion. In this article, we make such a systematic investigation, based on a simple microscopic model of gene regulation that incorporates stochastic effects. In particular, we show how operator strength and operator multiplicity affect this variability. We examine different modes of transcription factor binding to complex promoters (cooperative, independent, simultaneous) and how each of these affects the level of variability in transcription product from cell-to-cell. We propose that direct comparison between in vivo single-cell experiments and theoretical predictions for the moments of the probability distribution of mRNA number per cell can discriminate between different kinetic models of gene regulation.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures, Submitted
Preliminary Results from NEOWISE: An Enhancement to the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer for Solar System Science
Creators: name: Mainzer, A.
name: Bauer, J.
name: Grav, T.
name: Masiero, J.
name: Cutri, R. M.
name: Dailey, J.
name: Eisenhardt, P.
name: McMillan, R. S.
name: Wright, E.
name: Walker, R.
name: Jedicke, R.
name: Spahr, T.
name: Tholen, D.
name: Alles, R.
name: Beck, R.
name: Brandenburg, H.
name: Conrow, T.
name: Evans, T.
name: Fowler, J.
name: Jarrett, T.
name: Marsh, K.
name: Masci, F.
name: McCallon, H.
name: Wheelock, S.
name: Wittman, M.
name: Wyatt, P.
name: DeBaun, E.
name: Elliott, G.
name: Elsbury, D.
name: Gautier, T.
name: Gomillion, S.
name: Leisawitz, D.
name: Maleszewski, C.
name: Micheli, M.
name: Wilkins, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The \emph{Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer} has surveyed the entire sky at four infrared wavelengths with greatly improved sensitivity and spatial resolution compared to its predecessors, the \emph{Infrared Astronomical Satellite} and the \emph{Cosmic Background Explorer}. NASA's Planetary Science Division has funded an enhancement to the \WISE\ data processing system called "NEOWISE" that allows detection and archiving of moving objects found in the \WISE\ data. NEOWISE has mined the \WISE\ images for a wide array of small bodies in our Solar System, including Near-Earth Objects (NEOs), Main Belt asteroids, comets, Trojans, and Centaurs. By the end of survey operations in February 2011, NEOWISE identified over 157,000 asteroids, including more than 500 NEOs and $\sim$120 comets. The NEOWISE dataset will enable a panoply of new scientific investigations.
description: ApJ accepted
Group entropies, correlation laws and zeta functions
Creators: name: Tempesta, Piergiulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of group entropy is proposed. It enables to unify and generalize many different definitions of entropy known in the literature, as those of Boltzmann-Gibbs, Tsallis, Abe and Kaniadakis. Other new entropic functionals are presented, related to nontrivial correlation laws characterizing universality classes of systems out of equilibrium, when the dynamics is weakly chaotic. The associated thermostatistics are discussed. The mathematical structure underlying our construction is that of formal group theory, which provides the general structure of the correlations among particles and dictates the associated entropic functionals. As an example of application, the role of group entropies in information theory is illustrated and generalizations of the Kullback-Leibler divergence are proposed. A new connection between statistical mechanics and zeta functions is established. In particular, Tsallis entropy is related to the classical Riemann zeta function.
description: to appear in Physical Review E
Characterizing debris discs in the late stages of planet formation
Creators: name: White, Jacob Aaron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Debris discs are systems of dynamically evolved byproducts of the planet formation process. They can be used to test various planet formation theories. In my thesis I use submm-cm observations to characterize the debris in HD 141569 and Fomalhaut, as well as to investigate how stellar emission can serve as a confounding parameter in disc studies. HD 141569 is a unique system hosting a large B9.5 star, a complex circumstellar disc of gas and dust, and two M dwarf companions. Using ALMA data, I inferred the total gas mass of the system and directly imaged the inner and outer edge of the gas disc. Using ALMA and VLA data, I placed constraints on the morphology, mass, and dynamical state of the inner and outer dust discs. I used the properties of the gas and dust to argue that the system may be more accurately characterized as a young debris disc as opposed to a transitional disc. Fomalhaut is a commonly studied nearby debris system. I used ALMA observations to place tight constraints on the morphology, mass, and grain size distribution of the outer debris ring. In addition, I used ALMA and IR data to cast doubt on the existence of an asteroid belt in the inner system. To separate the emission from discs and their host stars, high angular resolution observations are necessary. When the resolution is still not sufficient to spatially separate the two, an accurate model of the stellar emission is required. I am the PI on an observational campaign entitled Measuring the Emission from Stellar Atmospheres at Submillimeter/millimeter wavelengths (MESAS). This project seeks to observe stars with no known debris at wavelengths commonly used for studying discs, build a spectral profile of the sub-millimetre to centimetre emission, and use these profiles as templates for the stellar emission in unresolved debris features.
INTEGRANDO MECATRÓNICA, ECONOMÍA CIRCULAR E INVESTIGACIÓN DE MATERIALES PARA LA INNOVACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA EN LA REDUCCIÓN DE RESIDUOS PLÁSTICOS
Creators: name: Quiñones, Rodrigo
name: González, Héctor
name: Campo, Diego
name: Muñoz, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Diseño mecatrónico
Extrusión
Inyección
Polipropileno
Economía circular

description: El aumento en la producción de plástico derivado de fuentes fósiles ha causado una crisis ambiental debido a la acumulación de residuos en océanos y otros lugares. Este estudio se enfoca en la aplicación de la metodología de diseño mecatrónico para el desarrollo de un sistema de inyección de plástico reciclado de dos etapas, a fin de promover la sostenibilidad y economía circular de los plásticos de origen fósil. Mediante la revisión bibliográfica se identificaron las características y parámetros de diseño críticos, mientras que el empleo de herramientas CAD/CAM, el prototipado rápido y procesos de mecanizado permitieron el desarrollo del sistema. Éste evidenció un comportamiento adecuado en las etapas de transporte de material fundido, control de velocidad y temperatura, así como en el proceso de inyección; lo cual fue confirmado mediante la producción de probetas para ensayos mecánicos. Si bien se observó cierta variabilidad en las propiedades finales, debido al historial térmico del material reciclado empleado, el sistema desarrollado representa un avance hacia la manufactura sostenible de productos poliméricos a partir de materiales reciclados. De esta forma, se espera contribuir a mitigar la problemática ambiental relacionada con los plásticos de origen fósil promoviendo los principios de la economía circular
Potential for measurement of the tensor electric and magnetic polarizabilities of the deuteron in storage-ring experiments with polarized beams
Creators: name: Baryshevsky, Vladimir G.
name: Silenko, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement of the tensor electric and magnetic polarizabilities of the deuteron is of great interest, especially in connection with the possibilities of COSY and GSI. These polarizabilities can be measured in storage rings by the frozen spin method providing a disappearance of g-2 precession. This method will be used in the planned deuteron electric-dipole-moment experiment in storage rings. The tensor electric polarizability of the deuteron significantly influences the buildup of the vertical polarization in the above experiment. The spin interactions depending on the electric dipole moment, the tensor electric polarizability, and main systematical errors caused by field misalignments have very different symmetries. For the considered experimental conditions, the sensitivity to the deuteron EDM of $1\times10^{-29} e\cdot$cm corresponds to measuring the both of tensor polarizabilities with an accuracy of $δα_T\approxδβ_T\approx5\times10^{-42}$ cm$^3$. This conservative estimate can be improved by excluding the systematical error caused by the field instability which is negligible for the measurement of the tensor polarizabilities. To find the tensor magnetic polarizability, the horizontal components of the polarization vector should be measured.
description: 11 pages, the extended version of the paper prepared for the Proceedings of 19th International Spin Physics Symposium (September 27 - October 2, 2010, Julich, Germany)
On the boundedness of the sectional curvature of almost Hermitian manifolds
Creators: name: Borisov, Adrijan
name: Kassabov, Ognian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B30

description: We prove the following results: An almost Hermitian manifold of indefinite metric is of pointwise constant holomorphic sectional curvature if the holomorphic sectional curvature is bounded from above and from below. If the antiholomorphic sectional curvature is bounded either from above or from below, then the manifold is of pointwise constant antiholomorphic sectional curvature. Similar results are obtained for almost Hermitian manifolds of definite metric.
description: MR 88g:53041, 7 pages
The Pricing of Tail Risk and the Equity Premium: Evidence From International Option Markets
Creators: name: Andersen, Torben G.
name: Fusari, Nicola
name: Todorov, Viktor
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We explore the pricing of tail risk as manifest in index options across international equity markets. The risk premium associated with negative tail events displays persistent shifts, unrelated to volatility. This tail risk premium is a potent predictor of future returns for all the indices, while the option-implied volatility only forecasts the future return variation. Hence, compensation for negative jump risk is the primary driver of the equity premium, whereas the reward for pure diffusive variance risk is unrelated to future equity returns. We also document pronounced commonalities, suggesting a high degree of integration among the major global equity markets. KEY WORDS: Equity risk premium; International option markets; Predictability; Tail risk; Variance risk premium.
Suppression of time reversal symmetry breaking superconductivity in Pr(Os,Ru)_4Sb_12 and (Pr,La)Os_4Sb_12
Creators: name: Shu, Lei
name: Higemoto, W.
name: Aoki, Y.
name: Hillier, A. D.
name: Ohishi, K.
name: Ishida, K.
name: Kadono, R.
name: Koda, A.
name: Bernal, O. O.
name: MacLaughlin, D. E.
name: Tunashima, Y.
name: Yonezawa, Y.
name: Sanada, S.
name: Kikuchi, D.
name: Sato, H.
name: Sugawara, H.
name: Ito, T. U.
name: Maple, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zero-field muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the Pr(Os_{1-x}Ru_x)_4Sb_12 and Pr_{1-y}La_yOs_4Sb_12 alloy systems to investigate broken time-reversal symmetry (TRS) in the superconducting state, signaled by the onset of a spontaneous static local magnetic field B_s. In both alloy series B_s initially decreases linearly with solute concentration. Ru doping is considerably more efficient than La doping, with a ~50% faster initial decrease. The data suggest that broken TRS is suppressed for Ru concentration x >~ 0.6, but persists for essentially all La concentrations. Our data support a crystal-field excitonic Cooper pairing mechanism for TRS-breaking superconductivity.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B (Rapid Communications)
Term Structures of Inflation Expectations and Real Interest Rates
Creators: name: Aruoba, S. Borağan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: I use a statistical model to combine various surveys to produce a term structure of inflation expectations—inflation expectations at any horizon—and an associated term structure of real interest rates. Inflation expectations extracted from this model track realized inflation quite well, and in terms of forecast accuracy, they are at par with or superior to some popular alternatives. The real interest rates obtained from the model follow Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities rates as well.
Vacancy ordering and electronic structure of gamma-Fe2O3 (maghemite): a theoretical investigation
Creators: name: Grau-Crespo, Ricardo
name: Al-Baitai, Asmaa Y.
name: Saadoune, Iman
name: De Leeuw, Nora H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystal structure of the iron oxide gamma-Fe2O3 is usually reported in either the cubic system (space group P4332) with partial Fe vacancy disorder or in the tetragonal system (space group P41212) with full site ordering and c/a\approx 3. Using a supercell of the cubic structure, we obtain the spectrum of energies of all the ordered configurations which contribute to the partially disordered P4332 cubic structure. Our results show that the configuration with space group P41212 is indeed much more stable than the others, and that this stability arises from a favourable electrostatic contribution, as this configuration exhibits the maximum possible homogeneity in the distribution of iron cations and vacancies. Maghemite is therefore expected to be fully ordered in equilibrium, and deviations from this behaviour should be associated with metastable growth, extended anti-site defects and surface effects in the case of small nanoparticles. The confirmation of the ordered tetragonal structure allows us to investigate the electronic structure of the material using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The inclusion of a Hubbard (DFT+U) correction allows the calculation of a band gap in good agreement with experiment. The value of the gap is dependent on the electron spin, which is the basis for the spin-filtering properties of maghemite.
description: 19 pages, 2 tables, 5 figures. To appear in the Journal of Physics - Condensed Matter (2010).
The Pricing of Tail Risk and the Equity Premium: Evidence from International Option Markets
Creators: name: Andersen, Torben G.
name: Fusari, Nicola
name: Todorov, Viktor
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We explore the pricing of tail risk as manifest in index options across international equity markets. The risk premium associated with negative tail events displays persistent shifts, unrelated to volatility. This tail risk premium is a potent predictor of future returns for all the indices, while the option-implied volatility only forecasts the future return variation. Hence, compensation for negative jump risk is the primary driver of the equity premium, whereas the reward for pure diffusive variance risk is unrelated to future equity returns. We also document pronounced commonalities, suggesting a high degree of integration among the major global equity markets.
Constraints on smoothness parameter and dark energy using observational $H(z)$ data
Creators: name: Yu, Hao-Ran
name: Lan, Tian
name: Wan, Hao-Yi
name: Zhang, Tong-Jie
name: Wang, Bao-Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The universe, with large-scale homogeneity, is locally inhomogeneous, clustering into stars, galaxies and larger structures. Such property is described by the smoothness parameter $α$ which is defined as the proportion of matter in the form of intergalactic medium. If we take consideration of the inhomogeneities in small scale, there should be modifications of the cosmological distances compared to a homogenous model. Dyer and Roeder developed a second-order ordinary differential equation (D-R equation) that describes the angular diameter distance-redshift relation for inhomogeneous cosmological models. Furthermore, we may obtain the D-R equation for observational $H(z)$ data (OHD). The density-parameter $Ω_{\rm M}$, the state of dark energy $ω$, and the smoothness-parameter $α$ are constrained by a set of OHD in a spatially flat $Λ$CDM universe as well as a spatially flat XCDM universe. By using of $χ^2$ minimization method we get $α=0.81^{+0.19}_{-0.20}$ and $Ω_{\rm M}=0.32^{+0.12}_{-0.06}$ at $1σ$ confidence level. If we assume a Gaussian prior of $Ω_{\rm M}=0.26\pm0.1$, we get $α=0.93^{+0.07}_{-0.19}$ and $Ω_{\rm M}=0.31^{+0.06}_{-0.05}$. For XCDM model, $α$ is constrained to $α\geq0.80$ but $ω$ is weakly constrained around -1, where $ω$ describes the equation of the state of the dark energy ($p_{\rm X}=ωρ_{\rm X}$). We conclude that OHD constrains the smoothness parameter more effectively than the data of SNe Ia and compact radio sources.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Treatise on Happiness
Creators: name: Aquinas, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: _The Treatise on Happiness_ and the accompanying _Treatise on Human Acts_ comprise the first twenty-one questions of I-II of the _Summa Theologiae_. From his careful consideration of what true happiness is, to his comprehensive discussion of how it can be attained, St. Thomas Aquinas offers a challenging and classic statement of the goals of human life, both ultimate and proximate.\u000a\u000aThis translation presents in accurate, consistent, contemporary English the great Christian thinker's enduring contributions on the subject of man's happiness.\u000a\u000a\u00A9 University of Notre Dame\u000a\u000aCopyright for most content is held by The University of Notre Dame. Reproduction of all or any portion of content constitutes a violation of copyright. You must obtain permission from The Copyright Clearance Center or The University of Notre Dame Press in order to reprint (or adapt) content.\u000a\u000ap: (574) 631-6346 \ e: undpress@nd\.edu \ website: copyright\.com
A Smooth Transition Finite Mixture Model for Accommodating Unobserved Heterogeneity
Creators: name: Kappe, Eelco
name: DeSarbo, Wayne S.
name: Medeiros, Marcelo C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: While the smooth transition (ST) model has become popular in business and economics, the treatment of unobserved heterogeneity within these models has received limited attention. We propose a ST finite mixture (STFM) model which simultaneously estimates the presence of time-varying effects and unobserved heterogeneity in a panel data context. Our objective is to accurately recover the heterogeneous effects of our independent variables of interest while simultaneously allowing these effects to vary over time. Accomplishing this objective may provide valuable insights for managers and policy makers. The STFM model nests several well-known ST and threshold models. We develop the specification, estimation, and model selection criteria for the STFM model using Bayesian methods. We also provide a theoretical assessment of the flexibility of the STFM model when the number of regimes grows with the sample size. In an extensive simulation study, we show that ignoring unobserved heterogeneity can lead to distorted parameter estimates, and that the STFM model is fairly robust when underlying model assumptions are violated. Empirically, we estimate the effects of in-game promotions on game attendance in Major League Baseball. Empirical results show that the STFM model outperforms all its nested versions. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DF-Net: The Digital Forensics Network for Image Forgery Detection
Creators: name: Fischinger, David
name: Boyer, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The orchestrated manipulation of public opinion, particularly through manipulated images, often spread via online social networks (OSN), has become a serious threat to society. In this paper we introduce the Digital Forensics Net (DF-Net), a deep neural network for pixel-wise image forgery detection. The released model outperforms several state-of-the-art methods on four established benchmark datasets. Most notably, DF-Net's detection is robust against lossy image operations (e.g resizing, compression) as they are automatically performed by social networks.
description: Published in 2023 at the 25th Irish Machine Vision and Image Processing Conference (IMVIP), https://iprcs.github.io/pdf/IMVIP2023_Proceeding.pdf
Electronic structure of an antiferromagnetic metal: CaCrO3
Creators: name: Bhobe, P. A.
name: Chainani, A.
name: Taguchi, M.
name: Eguchi, R.
name: Matsunami, M.
name: Ohtsuki, T.
name: Ishizaka, K.
name: Okawa, M.
name: Oura, M.
name: Senba, Y.
name: Ohashi, H.
name: Isobe, M.
name: Ueda, Y.
name: Shin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the electronic structure of the perovskite oxide CaCrO3 using valence-band, core-level, and Cr 2p - 3d resonant photoemission spectroscopy (PES). Despite its antiferromagnetic order, a clear Fermi edge characteristic of a metal with dominant Cr 3d character is observed in the valence band spectrum. The Cr 3d single particle density of states are spread over 2 eV, with the photoemission spectral weight distributed in two peaks centered at ~ 1.2 eV and 0.2 eV below EF, suggestive of the coherent and incoherent states resulting from strong electron-electron correlations. Resonant PES across the Cr 2p - 3d threshold identifies a 'two-hole' correlation satellite and yields an on-site Coulomb energy U ~4.8 eV. The metallic DOS at EF is also reflected through the presence of a well-screened feature at low binding energy side of the Cr 2p core-level spectrum. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Cr L3,2 and O K edges exhibit small temperature dependent changes that point towards a small change in Cr-O hybridization. The multiplet splitting in Cr 2p core level spectrum as well as the spectral shape of the Cr XAS can be reproduced using cluster model calculations which favour a negative value for charge transfer energy between the Cr 3d and O 2p states. The overall results indicate that CaCrO3 is a strongly hybridized antiferromagnetic metal, lying in the regime intermediate to Mott-Hubbard and charge-transfer systems.
Veterans’ experiences of natural horsemanship : a phenomenological investigation
Creators: name: Grimes, Katie Nicola
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Equine-based interventions aimed specifically at assisting veteran populations are growing in popularity. While the research into the efficacy of equine therapy is limited, the emerging evidence indicates a trend in the direction of beneficial outcomes (Hoagwood, Acri, Morrissey, & Peth-Pierce, 2017; Kendall et al., 2015; Staudt & Cherry, 2017). By investigating the human-horse connection from the lived experiences of those involved, can lead to a better understanding of how the human-horse connection may translate into therapeutic gains. The purpose of this interpretative phenomenological study was to explore the experiences and meaning-making of veterans engaging with horses in the context of natural horsemanship (NH). By utilizing NH that focuses on horses’ natural behaviour and herd instincts, the aim is to improve understanding of how learning to communicate with horses in its most natural form can enhance understanding of the potential healing arising from the human-equine connection, and how this may be of therapeutic benefit to veterans. Five veteran participants interested in working with horses to assist with operational stress injuries took part in the study. This study employed a focus discussion group, a personal account, and a semi-structured in-depth individual interview. Five major themes emerged from the data analysis including: the authentic relationship, active awareness, the role of the trainers, horse appeal, and away from the yard. This study contributes to the development and delivery of equine interventions, rooted in the fundamentals of the human-equine bond, potentially offering an alternative or adjunct path to healing.
Local Parametric Estimation in High Frequency Data
Creators: name: Potiron, Yoann
name: Mykland, Per
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: We give a general time-varying parameter model, where the multidimensional parameter possibly includes jumps. The quantity of interest is defined as the integrated value over time of the parameter processΘ=T−1∫0Tθt*dt. We provide a local parametric estimator (LPE) of Θ and conditions under which we can show the central limit theorem. Roughly speaking those conditions correspond to some uniform limit theory in the parametric version of the problem. The framework is restricted to the specific convergence rate n1∕2. Several examples of LPE are studied: estimation of volatility, powers of volatility, volatility when incorporating trading information and time-varying MA(1).
Magnetic ordering in mackinawite (tetragonal FeS): evidence for strong itinerant spin fluctuations
Creators: name: Kwon, Kideok D.
name: Refson, Keith
name: Bone, Sharon
name: Qiao, Ruimin
name: Yang, Wan-li
name: Liu, Zhi
name: Sposito, Garrison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mackinawite is a naturally-occurring layer type FeS mineral well-known to be important in biogeochemical cycles and, more recently, to the development of microbial fuel cells. Conflicting results have been published as to the magnetic properties of this mineral, with Mössbauer spectroscopy indicating no magnetic ordering and density functional theory predicting an antiferromagnetic ground state, similar to the Fe-based high-temperature superconductors with which it is isostructural and for which it is known that magnetism is suppressed by strong itinerant spin fluctuations. We investigated this latter possibility for mackinawite using photoemission spectroscopy (PES), near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAS), and density functional theory (DFT) computations. Our Fe 3s core-level PES spectrum of mackinawite showed a clear exchange-energy splitting (2.9 eV) consistent with a 1 μB magnetic moment on the Fe ions, while the Fe L-edge XAS spectrum indicated rather delocalized Fe 3d electrons in mackinawite similar to those in Fe metal. DFT computations demonstrated that the ground state of mackinawite is single-stripe antiferromagnetic, with an Fe magnetic moment (2.7 μB) that is significantly larger than the experimental estimate and has a strong dependence on the S height and lattice parameters. All of these trends signal the existence of strong itinerant spin fluctuations.If strong spin fluctuations prove to be the mediators of electron pairing in these Fe-based superconductors, we conjecture that mackinawite may be one of the simplest Fe-based superconductors.
description: Evidence of FeS spin fluctuations
A Smooth Transition Finite Mixture Model for Accommodating Unobserved Heterogeneity
Creators: name: Kappe, Eelco
name: DeSarbo, Wayne S.
name: C. Medeiros, Marcelo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: While the smooth transition (ST) model has become popular in business and economics, the treatment of unobserved heterogeneity within these models has received limited attention. We propose a ST finite mixture (STFM) model which simultaneously estimates the presence of time-varying effects and unobserved heterogeneity in a panel data context. Our objective is to accurately recover the heterogeneous effects of our independent variables of interest while simultaneously allowing these effects to vary over time. Accomplishing this objective may provide valuable insights for managers and policy makers. The STFM model nests several well-known ST and threshold models. We develop the specification, estimation, and model selection criteria for the STFM model using Bayesian methods. We also provide a theoretical assessment of the flexibility of the STFM model when the number of regimes grows with the sample size. In an extensive simulation study, we show that ignoring unobserved heterogeneity can lead to distorted parameter estimates, and that the STFM model is fairly robust when underlying model assumptions are violated. Empirically, we estimate the effects of in-game promotions on game attendance in Major League Baseball. Empirical results show that the STFM model outperforms all its nested versions. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Magnetic-crystallographic phase diagram of superconducting parent compound Fe$_{1+x}$Te
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Efrain E.
name: Stock, Chris
name: Zajdel, Pawel
name: Krycka, Kathryn L.
name: Majkrzak, Charles F.
name: Zavalij, Peter
name: Green, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: hrough neutron diffraction experiments, including spin-polarized measurements, we find a collinear incommensurate spin-density wave with propagation vector $ \mathbf k = $ ($0.4481(4) \, \,0 \, \, \frac1 2$) at base temperature in the superconducting parent compound Fe$_{1+x}$Te. This critical concentration of interstitial iron corresponds to $x \approx 12%$ and leads crystallographic phase separation at base temperature. The spin-density wave is short-range ordered with a correlation length of 22(3) Å, and as the ordering temperature is approached its propagation vector decreases linearly in the H-direction and becomes long-range ordered. Upon further populating the interstitial iron site, the spin-density wave gives way to an incommensurate helical ordering with propagation vector $ \mathbf k =$ ($0.3855(2) \, \,0 \, \, \frac1 2$) at base temperature. For a sample with $x \approx 9(1) %$, we also find an incommensurate spin-density wave that competes with the bicollinear commensurate ordering close to the Néel point. The shifting of spectral weight between competing magnetic orderings observed in several samples is supporting evidence for the phase separation being electronic in nature, and hence leads to crystallographic phase separation around the critical interstitial iron concentration of 12%. With results from both powder and single crystal samples, we construct a magnetic-crystallographic phase diagram of Fe$_{1+x}$Te for $ 5% < x <17%$
A New Class of Change Point Test Statistics of Rényi Type
Creators: name: Horváth, Lajos
name: Miller, Curtis
name: Rice, Gregory
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new class of change point test statistics is proposed that utilizes a weighting and trimming scheme for the cumulative sum (CUSUM) process inspired by Rényi. A thorough asymptotic analysis and simulations both demonstrate that this new class of statistics possess superior power compared to traditional change point statistics based on the CUSUM process when the change point is near the beginning or end of the sample. Generalizations of these “Rényi” statistics are also developed to test for changes in the parameters in linear and nonlinear regression models, and in generalized method of moments estimation. In these contexts, we applied the proposed statistics, as well as several others, to test for changes in the coefficients of Fama–French factor models. We observed that the Rényi statistic was the most effective in terms of retrospectively detecting change points that occur near the endpoints of the sample.
The gluon jet function at two-loop order
Creators: name: Becher, Thomas
name: Bell, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusive gluon jet function is evaluated at two-loop accuracy. This function is relevant for resummations of large perturbative logarithms in collider processes involving low-mass gluon jets. The jet function corresponds to the imaginary part of the gluon propagator in light-cone gauge, which is adopted for the calculation. In addition to the leading jet function, the power-suppressed two-gluon jet functions are given and their renormalization is discussed.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Modeling the variability of rankings
Creators: name: Hall, Peter
name: Miller, Hugh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For better or for worse, rankings of institutions, such as universities, schools and hospitals, play an important role today in conveying information about relative performance. They inform policy decisions and budgets, and are often reported in the media. While overall rankings can vary markedly over relatively short time periods, it is not unusual to find that the ranks of a small number of "highly performing" institutions remain fixed, even when the data on which the rankings are based are extensively revised, and even when a large number of new institutions are added to the competition. In the present paper, we endeavor to model this phenomenon. In particular, we interpret as a random variable the value of the attribute on which the ranking should ideally be based. More precisely, if $p$ items are to be ranked then the true, but unobserved, attributes are taken to be values of $p$ independent and identically distributed variates. However, each attribute value is observed only with noise, and via a sample of size roughly equal to $n$, say. These noisy approximations to the true attributes are the quantities that are actually ranked. We show that, if the distribution of the true attributes is light-tailed (e.g., normal or exponential) then the number of institutions whose ranking is correct, even after recalculation using new data and even after many new institutions are added, is essentially fixed. Formally, $p$ is taken to be of order $n^C$ for any fixed $C>0$, and the number of institutions whose ranking is reliable depends very little on $p$.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOS794 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
How perception constrains statistical learning across development
Creators: name: Black, Alexis K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: This dissertation seeks to understand the underlying mechanism(s) of statistical learning (SL), defined as the capacity to extract structure from a perceptual stream by relying on the statistical properties of that stream (e.g., Aslin, 2017). I approach this question in two ways: by examining (1) the output representations of statistical learning (i.e., the quality of representations that emerge from a SL experience), and (2) the effect of input representations on SL (i.e., whether and how an individual’s prior knowledge filters and shapes SL). I hypothesized that (i) learners’ prior knowledge would impact the accessibility of units to SL, and thereby modify the process of learning; (ii) that SL is composed of more than veridical tracking of transitional probabilities between sounds; and (iii) that the interaction of prior knowledge and the underlying mechanisms of SL would relate to differences in learning outcomes across development. To test these hypotheses, I created a novel testing paradigm of the word segmentation SL task, in which participants’ knowledge of trisyllabic nonce words that were embedded in a continuous familiarization stream is probed by manipulating the nature of syllables in particular ordinal positions. Adult subjects were then tested on streams of speech that incurred varying degrees of perceptual load, either via the nature of the phonetic elements, or via an external and unrelated task. Children were similarly exposed to and tested on a stream of familiar sounds; I predicted that their performance should parallel that of adults under conditions of greater perceptual load. The results of these experiments confirm that underlying perceptual representations impact learners’ capacity for SL, and that the output of auditory SL tasks reflects more than the underlying statistics embedded in a continuous stream. Performance does not rest on underlying phonetic representations alone; rather, differences in executive function skills additionally impact the SL process.