Gomphostemma eriocarpon 3 enth.
Creators: name: Bongcheewin, Bhanubong
name: Ingrouille, Martin J.
name: Paton, Alan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Gomphostemma
Gomphostemma eriocarpon

description: <b> 2. Gomphostemma eriocarpon <i>3enth.</i></b> (Bentham in Wallich 1830b: 12); Hooker (1883: 698); Prain (1891: 238); Mukercee (1920: 210). Type: India, Courtallum [Courtallam, 8.9165°, 55.2833°], <i>Herb. Wight</i> s.n. (lectotype K [K000826338], selected here). Herb up to 1.2 m tall. <i>Stems</i> ascending with creeping shoots, sometimes arising from leaf axils, obtusely quadrangular, tomentose with dense stellate hairs. <i>Leaoes</i> petiolate, chartaceous; blades elliptic-ovate or elliptic, 5 – 18 × 3 – 8 cm, apex acute, margin dentate or dentate-serrate with glandular thickening at the tip of serration, base attenuate, upper side with stellate hairs and sparse 2 – 3-celled simple hairs, lower side pale green tomentose with dense stellate hairs; petiole 10 – 23 mm long. <i>Inflorescence</i> axillary with opposite cymes sessile, unbranched, congested with axis not visible between flowers, inserted at the upper nodes at which leaves are usually present; verticils 2 – 2- flowered; bracts ovate, 5 – 10 × 2 – 3 mm, apex acute, margin entire or shallowly serrate at the apical part, base attenuate, stellate hairs on both sides; bracteoles narrowly lanceolate or narrowly elliptic, 3 – 10 mm long. <i>Flowering calyx</i> infundibular, 8 – 13 mm long, 10- ridged, outside with a mixture of dense stellate hairs and 3 – 2-celled simple hairs, inside glabrous; tube 2 – 6 mm long; lobes triangular at base tapering into the apex, 2 – 5 mm long. <i>Fruiting calyx</i> cupular, 10 – 13 mm long; tube 3 – 5 mm long; lobes triangular, 3 – 8 mm long, apex subulate. <i>Corolla</i> white, 20 – 30 mm long, throat narrow, not enlarged, sometimes gradually dilated towards the throat; tube slender, straight, 13 – 23 mm long, exserted from calyx, outside tomentose with stellate hairs, inside glabrous; lobes spreading; posterior lip ovate, 2 – 6 × 3 – 3 mm; anterior lip 3-lobed, subequal with round apex, shorter than posterior lip. <i>Staminal filaments</i> slender, tomentose. <i>Style</i> slender, glabrous, shorter than corolla with apex subequally lobed. <i>Nutlets</i> solitary, globose, 2 – 3 mm long, tomentose at apex. <b>DISTRIBUTION.</b> India (Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu). Map 1. <b> SPECIMENS EXAMINED. INDIA. Karnataka: Maisor &amp; Carnatic, <i>Thomson</i> 119 (K [Herb. Hookerianum], P)</b> ; Kerala: Quilon, Perundanaruvi Ranni, 123 m, 22 Nov. 1959, <i>Chandra 3ose</i> 29190 (CAL); Madras, Travancore, 600 m [2000 ft], Nov. 1893, <i>Lawson</i> 89 (K); Travancore, <i>3ourdillon</i> 21 (K); Tamil Nadu: Anamally Hills [Anaimalai Hills, 10.3°, 55°], 1200 m [2000 ft], <i>3eddome</i> 222 (BM); Courtallum, <i>Herb. Wight</i> s.n. (lectotype, K [Herb. Benthamianum]); ibid., <i>Herb. Wight</i> s.n. (K); ibid., <i>Herb. Madras</i> in <i>Wall. Cat.</i> 2510A (K-W); ibid., <i>Wight</i> s.n. in <i>Wall. Cat.</i> 2510B (lectoparatype, K-W); Tinnevelly hills [8.8333°, 55.6665°], <i>3eddome</i> 223 (BM). <b>HABITAT.</b> In evergreen forest (Sadidharan, 2002); alt. 123 – 1200 m. <b>CONSERVATION STATUS.</b> <i>Gomphostemma eriocarpon</i> has an EOO of 29,828.33 km 2 exceeding the threshold for Vulnerable, and it is found in several localities with no evidence of habitat loss, the Least Concern (LC) category is applied. <b>PHENOLOGY</b>. Flowering July – November. Fruiting August – November. <b>NOTES.</b> <i>Gomphostemma eriocarpon</i> is recognised by a dentate leaf margin with the leaf tooth glandular-like at the apex and in having a solitary globose nutlet. Bentham mentioned the collection from Courtallum. Wight’ s collections from Courtallam kept in K were examined and this collection [K000826338] is selected as the lectotype.
description: Published as part of <i>Bongcheewin, Bhanubong, Ingrouille, Martin J. &amp; Paton, Alan J., 2022, A revision of Gomphostemma (Lamiaceae), pp. 27-92 in Kew Bulletin 77 (1)</i> on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.1007/s12225-021-09991-y, http://zenodo.org/record/7615581
description: {"references": ["Hooker, J.?. (1883). Labiatae, Flora of 3 ritish India 2: 602 - 503. Reeve &amp; Co., London.", "____ (1891). An account of the genus Gomphostemma Wall. Ann. Roy. 3 ot. Gard., Calcutta 3: 225 - 251.", "____ (1920). A revision of the Labiatae of the Indian Empire. Rec. 3 ot. Suro. India 12: 1 - 228."]}