Porphyrogenes spina Austin and Mielke 2008, new species
Creators: name: Austin, George T.
name: Mielke, Olaf H. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Hesperiidae
Porphyrogenes
Porphyrogenes spina

description: Porphyrogenes spina Austin and Mielke, new species   
(Fig. 97, 98, 131, 150)  
 Description. Male (Fig. 97, 98) - forewing length = 22.8 mm, 23.2 mm (both from Panama); forewing with costal fold, apex slightly produced, pointed, termen and anal margin nearly straight; hindwing termen nearly straight, tornus produced to short lobe, vein Rs arising nearer to end of discal cell than to its base and well distad of CuA 2 (Fig. 131); dorsum brown, unmarked; forewing overscaled with ochreousolive, heaviest basad, anal margin with sparse tuft proximad; hindwing overscaled with ochreous-olive posterior to vein Rs; shining gray speculum in anterior discal cell (as small area), proximal 1/2 of Sc+R 1 - Rs, and entire costal cell; very short and small gray recumbent tuft near base of Sc+R 1 -Rs, similarly short but much thicker semierect gray tuft arising from near base of discal cell covering speculum in discal cell, curving anteriorly and, with anterior tuft, covering base of speculum in Sc+R 1 -Rs (Fig. 131); conspicuous erect ochreous-olive tuft along anterior edge of vein 2A, recumbent pale tan tuft from posterior edge of 2A; fringes on both wings gray-brown.   
 Venter brown; forewing vein 2A weakly sinuate, bare and moderately swollen in central 1/3 (Fig. 131); shining gray-tan speculum in proximal 1/2 of CuA 2 -2A (continued to about 3/4 distance to termen as modified brown scales) and in entire anal cell; hindwing with no indication of discal macules; cell 2A-3A with deep groove just caudad of vein 2A.   
Dorsal head and thorax ochreous-olive, palpi pale gray, eyes red, antennae black, yellow on venter distad and beneath apiculus, nudum red-brown, 30 (n = 1) or 31 (n = 1) segments, ventral thorax graybrown, pectus brown with much green anteriorly, legs brown proximad, ochreous-brown distad, dorsal abdomen brown, overscaled with ochreous-olive, ventral abdomen warm brown, some greenish anteriorly.  
Genitalia (Fig. 150) - tegumen narrow in lateral view, broad and nearly round in dorsal view, very long and relatively broad dorso-caudal oriented process from each side of caudal end, tuft double and dense; uncus nearly straight in lateral view, divided in dorsal view, arms very widely spaced, long and thin, ventral process of uncus very thin; gnathos shorter than uncus, terminal ends rounded in ventral view; combined ventral arms from tegumen and dorsal arms from saccus curved; saccus very broad, short, oriented dorso-cephalad; valva with costa-ampulla more or less rhomboidal, harpe long, relatively broad cephalad, curving evenly upward to broader and finely (but densely) dentate caudal end oriented nearly dorsad, dentate projection proximad of caudal end dorsad; aedeagus shorter than valva, broad with flaring caudal end; cornuti as three rows each of multiple relatively short, slightly curved, and thin spikes.  
Female - unknown.  
 Types. Holotype male with the following labels: white, printed and handprinted - / PANAMÁ: Canal Zone / Gamboa / x.18.78 / Gordon B. Small /; white, printed and handprinted - / Genitalic Vial / GTA - 8905 /; red, printed - / HOLOTYPE / Porphyrogenes spina / Austin & Mielke /. Deposited at the National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC. Paratype male - PANAMÁ: Panamá Prov., Distrito de El Llano, Cordillera de San Blas, north of El Llano, ca. 330m, 10 May 1978 (GTA #8904, deposited at USNM).   
 Type locality. PANAMÁ: Canal Zone; Gamboa.   
 Etymology. The name means spine and refers to the spine-like serrations of the harpe.   
 Distribution and phenology. The species is known only from the types taken in Panama during May and October.   
 Diagnosis and discussion. Porphyrogenes spina is similar to a species to be described below and is distinguished in the discussion of that species. This species is also somewhat similar to P. spoda, but the genitalia are very different, the tufts are gray (red-brown on P. spoda), the swollen portion of vein 2A is shorter than on P. spoda, and P. spina is not as reddish brown.
description: Published as part of Austin, George T. & Mielke, Olaf H. H., 2008, Hesperiidae of Rondônia, Brazil: Porphyrogenes Watson (Lepidoptera: Pyrginae: Eudamini), with descriptions of new species from Central and South America, pp. 1-56 in Insecta Mundi 2008 (44) on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5169696