cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sampling Artifact in Volume Weighted Velocity Measurement.--- II. Detection in simulations and comparison with theoretical modelling
Creators: name: Zheng, Yi
name: Zhang, Pengjie
name: Jing, Yipeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring the volume weighted velocity power spectrum suffers from a severe systematic error, due to imperfect sampling of the velocity field from inhomogeneous distribution of dark matter particles/halos in simulations or galaxies with velocity measurement. This "sampling artifact" depends on both the mean particle number density $\bar{n}_P$ and the intrinsic large scale structure (LSS) fluctuation in the particle distribution. (1) We report robust detection of this sampling artifact in N-body simulations. It causes $\sim 12$% underestimation of the velocity power spectrum at $k=0.1$h/Mpc for samples with $\bar{n}_P=6\times10^{-3}$ (Mpc/h)$^{-3}$. This systematic underestimation increases with decreasing $\bar{n}_P$ and increasing $k$. Its dependence on the intrinsic LSS fluctuations is also robustly detected. (2) All these findings are expected by our theoretical modelling in paper I \cite{Zhang14}. In particular, the leading order theoretical approximation agrees quantitatively well with simulation result for $\bar{n}_P\gtrsim6\times 10^{-4}$(Mpc/h)$^{-3}$. Furthermore, we provide an ansatz to take high order terms into account. It improves the model accuracy to $\lesssim1$% at $k\lesssim0.1$h/Mpc over 3 orders of magnitude in $\bar{n}_P$ and over typical LSS clustering from $z=0$ to $z=2$. (3) The sampling artifact is determined by the deflection ${\bf D}$ field, which is straightforwardly available in both simulations and data of galaxy velocity. Hence the sampling artifact in the velocity power spectrum measurement can be self-calibrated within our framework. By applying such self-calibration in simulations, it becomes promising to determine the {\it real} large scale velocity bias of $10^{13}M_\odot$ halos with $\sim 1$% accuracy, and that of lower mass halos by better accuracy. ...[abridged]
description: 11 pages, 11 figures. More arguments added, match the PRD accepted version
Electronic nicotine delivery system (electronic cigarette) awareness, use, reactions and beliefs: a systematic review
Creators: name: Pepper, Jessica K
name: Brewer, Noel T
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We sought to systematically review the literature on electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS, also called electronic cigarettes) awareness, use, reactions and beliefs.
2D Melting: From Liquid-Hexatic Coexistence to Continuous Transitions
Creators: name: Kapfer, Sebastian C.
name: Krauth, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of two-dimensional continuous particle systems is studied using Event-Chain Monte Carlo. For soft disks with repulsive power-law interactions $\propto r^{-n}$ with $n \gtrsim 6$, the recently established hard-disk melting scenario ($n \to \infty$) holds: a first-order liquid-hexatic and a continuous hexatic-solid transition are identified. Close to $n = 6$, the coexisting liquid exhibits very long orientational correlations, and positional correlations in the hexatic are extremely short. For $n\lesssim 6$, the liquid-hexatic transition is continuous, with correlations consistent with the Kosterlitz-Thouless-Halperin-Nelson-Yong (KTHNY) scenario. To illustrate the generality of these results, we demonstrate that Yukawa particles likewise may follow either the KTHNY or the hard-disk melting scenario, depending on the Debye-Hückel screening length as well as on the temperature.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; to appear in PRL
Additional file 1 of Exploratory mixed methods analysis of self-authored content from participants in a digital alcohol intervention trial
Creators: name: Collier, Elizabeth S.
name: Blomqvist, Jenny
name: Crawford, Joel
name: McCambridge, Jim
name: Bendtsen, Marcus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
The availability of electronic cigarettes in US retail outlets, 2012: results of two national studies
Creators: name: D'Angelo, Heather
name: Huang, Jidong
name: Khan, Tamkeen
name: Chaloupka, Frank J
name: Barker, Dianne C
name: Rose, Shyanika W
name: Ribisl, Kurt M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BackgroundSince their introduction in 2007, electronic cigarette (‘e-cigarette’) awareness and use has grown rapidly. Little is known about variation in e-cigarette availability across areas with different levels of tobacco taxes and smoke-free air policies. This paper looks at US retail availability of e-cigarettes and factors at the store, neighbourhood and policy levels associated with it.MethodsIn-person store audit data collected in 2012 came from two national samples of tobacco retailers in the contiguous US. Study 1 collected data from a nationally representative sample of tobacco retailers (n=2165). Study 2 collected data from tobacco retailers located in school enrolment zones for nationally representative samples of 8th, 10th and 12th grade public school students (n=2526).ResultsIn 2012, e-cigarette retail availability was 34% in study 1 and 31% in study 2. Tobacco, pharmacy and gas/convenience stores were more likely to sell e-cigarettes than beer/wine/liquor stores. Retail availability of e-cigarettes was more likely in neighbourhoods with higher median household income (study 1), and lower percent of African–American (studies 1 and 2) and Hispanic residents (study 2). Price of traditional cigarettes was inversely related to e-cigarette availability. Stores in states with an American Lung Association Smoke-Free Air grade of F (study 1) or D (study 2) compared with A had increased likelihood of having e-cigarettes.ConclusionsCurrently, e-cigarette availability appears more likely in areas with weak tax and smoke-free air policies. Given the substantial availability of e-cigarettes at tobacco retailers nationwide, states and localities should monitor the sales and marketing of e-cigarettes at point of sale (POS).
Responses of young adults to graphic warning labels for cigarette packages
Creators: name: Brewer, N. T.
name: Pepper, J. K.
name: Cameron, L. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In 2010, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) proposed a series of 36 graphic warning labels for cigarette packages. We sought to evaluate the effects of the labels on fear-related emotions about health consequences of smoking and smoking motivations of young adults.
Globally Optimal Joint Image Segmentation and Shape Matching Based on Wasserstein Modes
Creators: name: Schmitzer, Bernhard
name: Schnörr, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 49Q10, 62H35

description: A functional for joint variational object segmentation and shape matching is developed. The formulation is based on optimal transport w.r.t. geometric distance and local feature similarity. Geometric invariance and modelling of object-typical statistical variations is achieved by introducing degrees of freedom that describe transformations and deformations of the shape template. The shape model is mathematically equivalent to contour-based approaches but inference can be performed without conversion between the contour and region representations, allowing combination with other convex segmentation approaches and simplifying optimization. While the overall functional is non-convex, non-convexity is confined to a low-dimensional variable. We propose a locally optimal alternating optimization scheme and a globally optimal branch and bound scheme, based on adaptive convex relaxation. Combining both methods allows to eliminate the delicate initialization problem inherent to many contour based approaches while remaining computationally practical. The properties of the functional, its ability to adapt to a wide range of input data structures and the different optimization schemes are illustrated and compared by numerical experiments.
description: 31 pages, 16 figures. Accepted by Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision, published online. Printed publication pending
Towards U(N|M) knot invariant from ABJM theory
Creators: name: Eynard, Bertrand
name: Kimura, Taro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T60, 81T45, 57M27, 14H81

description: We study U(N|M) character expectation value with the supermatrix Chern-Simons theory, known as the ABJM matrix model, with emphasis on its connection to the knot invariant. This average just gives the half BPS circular Wilson loop expectation value in ABJM theory, which shall correspond to the unknot invariant. We derive the determinantal formula, which gives U(N|M) character expectation values in terms of U(1|1) averages for a particular type of character representations. This means that the U(1|1) character expectation value is a building block for all the U(N|M) averages, and in particular, by an appropriate limit, for the U(N) invariants. In addition to the original model, we introduce another supermatrix model obtained through the symplectic transform, which is motivated by the torus knot Chern-Simons matrix model. We obtain the Rosso-Jones-type formula and the spectral curve for this case.
description: 1+36 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; typos corrected, minor changes
Beratung und Supervision – Einblicke in Formate im Rahmen der Bildung von Lehrer*innen
Creators: name: Valdorf, Nicole
name: Schweitzer, Julia
name: Heinrich, Martin
Publisher: name: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht.
Year: 2023

description: Im Rahmen der Tagung „Beratung und Supervision in der Bildung von Lehrer*innen“ im Juni 2021 an der Universität Bielefeld wurden aktuelle Entwicklungen und Konzepte in diesem Themenfeld vorgestellt und diskutiert. Das Themenheft der Zeitschrift Die Materialwerkstatt versammelt Beiträge, die konkrete Lehrkonzepte mit Blick auf die beratende Tätigkeit von Lehrkräften zum Gegenstand haben. Dieses Editorial geht auf den Entstehungshintergrund des Themenheftes ein und verortet es im fachlichen Diskurs. Zudem wird ein Überblick über die fünf Beiträge gegeben, die konkrete Materialien zur Nachnutzung zur Verfügung stellen respektive zur Reflexion über Lehrformate anregen.
description: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht., Bd. 5 Nr. 2 (2023): Beratung und Supervision – Einblicke in Formate im Rahmen der Bildung von Lehrer*innen
US consumer interest in non-cigarette tobacco products spikes around the 2009 federal tobacco tax increase
Creators: name: Huang, Jidong
name: Jo, Catherine L
name: Emery, Sherry
name: Ribisl, Kurt M
name: Ayers, John W
name: Althouse, Benjamin M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This quasi-experimental longitudinal study monitored aggregate Google search queries as a proxy for consumer interest in non-cigarette tobacco products (NTP) around the time of the 2009 US federal tobacco tax increase.
Persistent Homology in Sparse Regression and its Application to Brain Morphometry
Creators: name: Chung, Moo K.
name: Hanson, Jamie L.
name: Ye, Jieping
name: Davidson, Richard J.
name: Pollak, Seth D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparse systems are usually parameterized by a tuning parameter that determines the sparsity of the system. How to choose the right tuning parameter is a fundamental and difficult problem in learning the sparse system. In this paper, by treating the the tuning parameter as an additional dimension, persistent homological structures over the parameter space is introduced and explored. The structures are then further exploited in speeding up the computation using the proposed soft-thresholding technique. The topological structures are further used as multivariate features in the tensor-based morphometry (TBM) in characterizing white matter alterations in children who have experienced severe early life stress and maltreatment. These analyses reveal that stress-exposed children exhibit more diffuse anatomical organization across the whole white matter region.
description: submitted to IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Surveillance of tobacco retail density in Beirut, Lebanon using electronic tablet technology
Creators: name: Salloum, Ramzi G
name: Eberth, Jan M
name: Nakkash, Rima T
name: Myers, Allison E
name: Wood, Kathryn A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BackgroundLebanon has alarmingly high rates of tobacco use. The objective of this study is to examine the density of tobacco retail outlets and distance to schools as well as to survey retail pricing in a large district of Beirut, Lebanon.FindingsWe observed 100 tobacco retail outlets and collected data using iPad® technology. Store locations were recorded with Global Positioning System coordinates. The distances between all pairs of tobacco retail outlets and all schools were calculated. For 52% of tobacco outlets, the nearest distance to other tobacco retail outlets was < 50 meters and 17% were within a 100-meter radius of a school. We found a high proportion of tobacco retailers with close proximity to schools. The overall retailer density was 1.25 stores per 1,000 people.ConclusionsThese findings call for additional regulation including the establishment of strict density standards.
Chocolate consumption is inversely associated with calcified atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries: The NHLBI Family Heart Study☆
Creators: name: Curtis Ellison, R.
name: Borecki, Ingrid
name: Hopkins, Paul N.
name: North, Kari E.
name: Djoussé, Luc
name: Pankow, James S.
name: Arnett, Donna K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: While a diet rich in anti-oxidant has been favorably associated with coronary disease and hypertension, limited data have evaluated the influence of such diet on subclinical disease. Thus, we sought to examine whether chocolate consumption is associated with calcified atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries (CAC).
Mass Dependence of the Entropy Product and Sum
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Gao, Sijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For black holes with multiple horizons, the area product of all horizons has been proven to be mass independent in many cases. Counterexamples were also found in some occasions. In this paper, we first prove a theorem derived from the first law of black hole thermodynamics and a mathematical lemma related to the Vandermonde determinant. With these arguments, we develop some general criterion for the mass independence of the entropy product as well as the entropy sum. In particular, if a $d$-dimensional spacetime is spherically symmetric and its radial metric function $f(r)$ is a Laurent series in $r$ with the lowest power $-m$ and the highest power $n$, we find the criteria is extremely simple: The entropy product is mass independent if and only if $m\geq d-2$ and $n\geq4-d$. The entropy sum is mass independent if and only if $m\geq d-2$ and $n\geq 2$. Compared to previous works, our method does not require an exact expression of the metric. Our arguments turn out to be useful even for rotating black holes. By applying our theorem and lemma to a Myers-Perry black hole with spacetime dimension $d$, we show that the entropy product/sum is mass independent for all $d>4$, while it is mass dependent only for $d=4$, i.e., the Kerr solution.
description: 12 pages
title: Εφαρμογές τεχνικών ανάλυσης εικόνας στον ποιοτικό έλεγχο ποικιλιών καφέ
title: Applications of image analysis techniques in the quality control of coffee varities
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Πέκος, Ευάγγελος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ανάλυση εικόνας
Καφές
Ποικιλίες καφέ
Υπολογιστική όραση

description: Ο καφές είναι το πιο συχνά συναλλασσόμενο προϊόν μετά το πετρέλαιο και είναι ένα προϊόν υψίστης σημασίας για την παγκόσμια οικονομία. Ως ένα προϊόν που γνωρίζει ιδιαίτερης προτίμησης από το καταναλωτικό κοινό οι απαιτήσεις σε ό,τι αφορά την ποιότητα του καφέ ολοένα και αυξάνονται. Για την παραγωγή όμως, καφέ υψηλής ποιότητας απαιτείται από τις παραγωγικές μονάδες η αναβάθμιση του εξοπλισμού, μέσω του οποίου ελέγχει και εξασφαλίζει την ποιότητα στα τελικά προϊόντα. Συγκεκριμένα, στην παραγωγή καφέ, ο μακροσκοπικός έλεγχος είναι ένα από τα βασικότερα βήματα στον έλεγχο της ποιότητα και χαρακτηρίζεται ως ιδιαίτερα δύσκολος και απαιτητικός. Ωστόσο, τα ανθρώπινα μάτια (μέσω του οποίου πραγματοποιείται ο μακροσκοπικός έλεγχος) οδηγεί συχνά σε υψηλά ποσοστά σφάλματος, με αποτέλεσμα να μειώνεται η ποιότητα. Η ανάλυση της εικόνας είναι μια μέθοδος που μπορεί να προσφέρει λύση σε αυτό το πρόβλημα, καθώς αντικαθιστά το ανθρώπινο μάτι με σύγχρονες κάμερες, ικανές να παρέχουν εικόνες δείγματος υψηλής ποιότητας και ανάλυσης, τις οποίες ο υπολογιστής (έναντι του ανθρώπινου εγκέφαλου) επεξεργάζεται, αναλύει και ταξινομεί. Στην παρούσα εργασία, ο αναγνώστης μπορεί να πληροφορηθεί σχετικά με τον καφέ ως προϊόν και την ανάλυση της εικόνας σαν μέθοδο ελέγχου ποιότητας, με σκοπό τελικά να εξετασθούν παραδείγματα από εφαρμογές των τεχνικών της ανάλυσης της εικόνας στον ποιοτικό έλεγχο διαφόρων ποικιλιών καφέ.
What Do You Mean I Can't Download the Full Text? - Supporting Research on Licensed Text Mining Platforms
Creators: name: Beckstrand, Michael
name: Hennesy, Cody
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data access, governance and ethics
Text data mining

description: As archives and digitized materials such as historical newspapers and journals become increasingly accessible, the demand for access to and effective analysis of these materials continues to rise. Gale, ProQuest, NewsBank, JSTOR and more have developed products providing restricted access to their full text archives, appeasing the original publishers but coming at a steep cost to academic institutions seeking to provide access to their researchers. In this presentation, we discuss our experiences working with a number of these platforms and speaking with the platforms’ developers about their implementation and features. Further, we detail our experiences actively supporting a number of research projects utilizing these data. Particularly we focus on navigating the tensions created in helping researchers in this space, both in time allotment and in managing expectations in the face of the “garbage in-garbage out” principle and the difficulty in effectively communicating the absence of a magic “easy” button to make sense of millions of newspaper articles over time.
Chocolate consumption is inversely associated with prevalent coronary heart disease: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Family Heart Study
Creators: name: Pankow, James S.
name: Arnett, Donna K.
name: Djoussé, Luc
name: Hopkins, Paul N.
name: Ellison, R. Curtis
name: North, Kari E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Epidemiologic studies have suggested beneficial effects of flavonoids on cardiovascular disease. Cocoa and particularly dark chocolate are rich in flavonoids and recent studies have demonstrated blood pressure lowering effects of dark chocolate. However, limited data are available on the association of chocolate consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). We sought to examine the association between chocolate consumption and prevalent CHD.
Language Characteristics of Individuals with Down Syndrome
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: On average, language and communication characteristics of individuals with Down syndrome (the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability) follow a consistent profile. Despite considerable individual variability, receptive language is typically stronger than expressive language, with particular challenges in phonology and syntax. We review the literature on language and literacy skills of individuals with Down syndrome, with emphasis on the areas of phonology, vocabulary, syntax, and pragmatics. We begin by describing the hearing, oral-motor, cognitive, social, and prelinguistic and early nonverbal communication characteristics of individuals with Down syndrome. We conclude with a discussion of clinical implications and research directions.
Prevalence of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Stroke Survivors in the United States
Creators: name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Butler, Eboneé N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The risk of stroke is greatest among adults who have experienced a previous stroke, transient ischemic attack, or myocardial infarction. Physical activity may reduce the secondary risk of stroke through mediating effects on blood pressure, vasoconstriction, and circulating lipid concentrations; however, little is known about the prevalence of physical activity and sedentary behavior among stroke survivors in the United States.
Reflexion und Analyse von Praxisphasen in der pflegepädagogischen Lehrer*innenbildung
Creators: name: Brühe, Roland
name: Lebeda, Dorothee
Publisher: name: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht.
Year: 2023

description: Praxisphasen in der (Pflege-)Lehrer*innenausbildung erfordern ein spezifisches Format der Reflexion, um sowohl die Rollenfindung als auch die Betrachtung der berufspraktischen Handlungsprobleme im Studienprozess zu verstehen und zu entwickeln. Im Lichte dieser Überzeugung wurden im Studienprogramm Pflegepädagogik an der Katholischen Hochschule NRW in Köln unterschiedliche Seminare entworfen, in denen sich eine beratende Begleitung realisieren lässt, die diesen Lernprozess fördern kann. Diese Seminare werden nun kontinuierlich angeboten und evaluiert. Wir stellen in diesem Beitrag zwei Beispiele der Seminargestaltung vor: zunächst den Seminartyp der „Lehrer*innenbezogenen Selbsterfahrung“, in dem die Entwicklung der Berufsrolle als Pflegelehrer*in im Vordergrund steht. Dabei wird insbesondere dem Prozess der Entwicklung bzw. der Transformation der Rolle beruflich Pflegender zu professionell Lehrenden Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet. Im Beispiel arbeiten die Studierenden mit den eigenen Biographien und ihren beruflichen Erfahrungen, die gemeinsam als Erzeuger eines beruflichen Habitus gelten. Dieses reflexive Format in Kleingruppen bietet sowohl ein Transformationsangebot als auch die Förderung von Empathie, denn diese ist unmittelbar verbunden mit der Erfahrung von Anerkennung und Wertschätzung in einer Gruppe. In einem zweiten Beispiel stellen wir die Ausgestaltung eines „Kasuistischen Seminars“ vor, in dem es um die analytische Rekonstruktion eines Arbeitspapiers geht, das die Studierenden aus ihren Praxiseinsätzen mitgebracht haben. Über die unterschiedlichen methodischen Herangehens- und Betrachtungsweisen lernen die Studierenden, sich analysierend von ihren bisherigen Rollen zu distanzieren, neue Sinnstrukturen zu erkennen und alternative Denkstile zu entwickeln bzw. zuordnen zu können.
description: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht., Bd. 5 Nr. 2 (2023): Beratung und Supervision – Einblicke in Formate im Rahmen der Bildung von Lehrer*innen
Visual analog rating of mood by people with aphasia
Creators: name: Harmon, Tyson G.
name: Womack, Jennifer L.
name: Williams, Sharon W.
name: Haley, Katarina L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: AbstractBackground:Considerable attention has been given to the identification of depression in stroke survivors with aphasia, but there is more limited information about other mood states. Visual analog scales are often used to collect subjective information from people with aphasia. However, the validity of these methods for communicating about mood has not been established in people with moderately to severely impaired language.Objective:The dual purposes of this study were to characterize the relative endorsement of negative and positive mood states in people with chronic aphasia after stroke and to examine congruent validity for visual analog rating methods for people with a range of aphasia severity.Methods:Twenty-three left-hemisphere stroke survivors with aphasia were asked to indicate their present mood by using two published visual analog rating methods. The congruence between the methods was estimated through correlation analysis, and scores for different moods were compared.Results:Endorsement...
Nature of isomerism in exotic sulfur isotopes
Creators: name: Utsuno, Yutaka
name: Shimizu, Noritaka
name: Otsuka, Takaharu
name: Yoshida, Tooru
name: Tsunoda, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We clarify the origin of the anomalously hindered $E2$ decay from the $4^+_1$ level in $^{44}$S by performing a novel many-body analysis in the shell model. Within a unified picture about the occurrence of isomerism in neutron-rich sulfur isotopes, the $4^+_1$ state is demonstrated to be a $K=4$ isomer dominated by the two-quasiparticle configuration $νΩ^π=1/2^-\otimesνΩ^π=7/2^-$. The $4^+_1$ state in $^{44}$S is a new type of high-$K$ isomer which has significant triaxiality.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Achtsamkeit in der Schule: Online-Achtsamkeitstraining zur Förderung von Resilienz im Schulalltag
Creators: name: Meißner, Doris
Publisher: name: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht.
Year: 2023

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt die Relevanz von Achtsamkeit als eine Resilienz fördernde Haltung für den Schulalltag auf. Dafür wird ein Beispiel eines online angeleiteten Achtsamkeitstrainings für Lehramtsstudierende innerhalb einer universitären Lehrveranstaltung skizziert. In der Veranstaltungsevaluation bewerten die Teilnehmenden die Reflexionsanreize und den Wechsel zwischen Eigenreflexion und Austausch in der Gruppe als sehr erkenntnisreich. Das Format des „Dyadendialogs“ wurde in der Veranstaltung zur Vertiefung von Reflexion, Austausch und Aktivierung von Studierenden eingesetzt. Das Training und diese Dialogform aus dem Achtsamkeitsansatz werden im vorliegenden Beitrag näher beschrieben und mit ihrem Potenzial zur Förderung von Resilienz sowie achtsamer und mitfühlender Kommunikation in der Schule betrachtet. Dabei wird das Potenzial des „Dyadendialogs“ zur Entwicklung einer ressourcenorientierten Haltung von Lehrkräften in Bezug auf ihre Beratungsaufgaben im späteren Schulalltag verdeutlicht.
description: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht., Bd. 5 Nr. 2 (2023): Beratung und Supervision – Einblicke in Formate im Rahmen der Bildung von Lehrer*innen
Hepatic Mitochondrial Alteration in CD-1 Mice Associated with Prenatal Exposures to Low Doses of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA)
Creators: name: Hoenerhoff, Mark J.
name: Cummings, Connie A.
name: Fenton, Suzanne E.
name: Filgo, Adam J.
name: Kissling, Grace E.
name: Quist, Erin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a perfluoroalkyl acid primarily used as an industrial surfactant. It persists in the environment and has been linked to potentially toxic and/or carcinogenic effects in animals and people. As a known activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), PFOA exposure can induce defects in fatty acid oxidation, lipid transport, and inflammation. Here, pregnant CD-1 mice were orally gavaged with 0, 0.01, 0.1, 0.3 and 1 mg/kg of PFOA from gestation days (GD) 1 through 17. On postnatal day (PND) 21, histopathologic changes in the livers of offspring included hepatocellular hypertrophy and periportal inflammation that increased in severity by PND 91 in an apparent dose-dependent response. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of selected liver sections from PND 91 mice revealed PFOA-induced cellular damage and mitochondrial abnormalities with no evidence of peroxisome proliferation. Within hypertrophied hepatocytes, mitochondria were not only increased in number, but also exhibited altered morphologies suggestive of increased and/or uncontrolled fission and fusion reactions. These findings suggest that peroxisome proliferation is not a component of PFOA-induced hepatic toxicity in animals that are prenatally exposed to low doses of PFOA.
Completing the picture for the smallest eigenvalue of real Wishart matrices
Creators: name: Akemann, G.
name: Guhr, T.
name: Kieburg, M.
name: Wegner, R.
name: Wirtz, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rectangular real $N \times (N + ν)$ matrices $W$ with a Gaussian distribution appear very frequently in data analysis, condensed matter physics and quantum field theory. A central question concerns the correlations encoded in the spectral statistics of $WW^T$. The extreme eigenvalues of $W W^T$ are of particular interest. We explicitly compute the distribution and the gap probability of the smallest non-zero eigenvalue in this ensemble, both for arbitrary fixed $N$ and $ν$, and in the universal large $N$ limit with $ν$ fixed. We uncover an integrable Pfaffian structure valid for all even values of $ν\geq 0$. This extends previous results for odd $ν$ at infinite $N$ and recursive results for finite $N$ and for all $ν$. Our mathematical results include the computation of expectation values of half integer powers of characteristic polynomials.
description: 5 pages, 3 figuers; minor corrections; three typos corrected in comparison to the published version in PRL
Thermal suppression of moving heavy quark pairs in strongly coupled plasma
Creators: name: Finazzo, Stefano I.
name: Noronha, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imaginary part of the heavy quark-antiquark potential experienced by moving heavy quarkonia in strongly coupled plasmas dual to theories of gravity is computed by considering thermal worldsheet fluctuations of the holographic Nambu-Goto string. General results for a wide class of gravity duals are presented and an explicit formula for $\mathrm{Im} \, V_{Q\bar{Q}}$ is found in the case where the axis of the moving $\bar{Q}Q$ pair has an arbitrary orientation with respect to its velocity in the plasma. These results are applied to the study of heavy quarkonia propagating through a strongly coupled $\mathcal{N} = 4$ SYM plasma. Our results indicate that the onset of $\mathrm{Im} \, V_{Q\bar{Q}}$ decreases with increasing rapidity (though our analysis is limited to slowly moving quarkonia) and that, in general, a $Q\bar{Q}$ pair is more strongly bound if its axis is aligned with its direction of motion through the strongly coupled plasma.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures, references added. Revised discussion
Evaluation of the Potential of Triethanolamine to Alter Hepatic Choline Levels in Female B6C3F1 Mice
Creators: name: Stott, W. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Triethanolamine (TEA), a widely used nongenotoxic alcoholamine, has recently been reported to cause an increased incidence of liver tumors in female B6C3F1 mice, but not in males nor in Fischer 344 rats. Choline deficiency induces liver cancer in rodents, and TEA could compete with choline uptake into tissues. The potential of TEA to cause choline deficiency in the liver of these mice as a mode of tumorigenesis was investigated. Groups of female B6C3F1 mice were administered 0 (vehicle) or a maximum tolerated dosage (MTD) of 1000 mg/kg/day TEA (Trial I) and 0, 10, 100, 300, or 1000 mg/kg/day TEA (Trial II) in acetone vehicle via skin painting 5 days/week for 3 weeks. Female CDF® rats were also administered 0 or an MTD dosage of 250 mg/kg/day TEA (Trial II) in a similar manner. No clinical signs of toxicity were noted, and upon sacrifice, levels of hepatic choline, its primary storage form, phosphocholine (PCho), and its primary oxidation product, betaine, were determined. A statistically significant decrease in PCho and betaine, was observed at the high dosage (26–42%) relative to controls and a dose-related, albeit variable, decrease was noted in PCho levels. Choline levels were also decreased 13–35% at the high dose level in mice. No changes in levels of choline or metabolites were noted in treated rats. A subsequent evaluation of the potential of TEA to inhibit the uptake of 3H-choline by cultured Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells revealed a dose-related effect upon uptake. It was concluded that TEA may cause liver tumors in mice via a choline-depletion mode of action and that this effect is likely caused by the inhibition of choline uptake by cells.
Diethanolamine Alters Proliferation and Choline Metabolism in Mouse Neural Precursor Cells
Creators: name: Wu, R.
name: Niculescu, M. D.
name: Zeisel, S. H.
name: da Costa, K. A.
name: Guo, Z.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Diethanolamine (DEA) is a widely used ingredient in many consumer products and in a number of industrial applications. It has been previously reported that dermal administration of DEA to mice diminished hepatic stores of choline and altered brain development in the fetus. The aim of this study was to use mouse neural precursor cells in vitro to assess the mechanism underlying the effects of DEA. Cells exposed to DEA treatment (3mM) proliferated less (by 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine incorporation) at 48 h (24% of control [CT]), and had increased apoptosis at 72 h (308% of CT). Uptake of choline into cells was reduced by DEA treatment (to 52% of CT), resulting in diminished intracellular concentrations of choline and phosphocholine (55 and 12% of CT, respectively). When choline concentration in the growth medium was increased threefold (to 210μM), the effects of DEA exposure on cell proliferation and apoptosis were prevented, however, intracellular phosphocholine concentrations remained low. In choline kinase assays, we observed that DEA can be phosphorylated to phospho-DEA at the expense of choline. Thus, the effects of DEA are likely mediated by inhibition of choline transport into neural precursor cells and by altered metabolism of choline. Our study suggests that prenatal exposure to DEA may have a detrimental effect on brain development.
Phenotypic Anchoring of Acetaminophen-Induced Oxidative Stress with Gene Expression Profiles in Rat Liver
Creators: name: Kosyk, Oksana
name: Powell, Christine L.
name: Boorman, Gary A.
name: Cunningham, Michael L.
name: Heinloth, Alexandra N.
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Schoonhoven, Robert
name: Boysen, Gunnar
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Ross, Pamela K.
name: Paules, Richard S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Toxicogenomics provides the ability to examine in greater detail the underlying molecular events that precede and accompany toxicity, thus allowing prediction of adverse events at much earlier times compared to classical toxicological endpoints. Acetaminophen (APAP) is a pharmaceutical that has similar metabolic and toxic responses in rodents and humans. Recent gene expression profiling studies with APAP found an oxidative stress signature at a sub-toxic dose that we hypothesized can be phenotypically anchored to conventional biomarkers of oxidative stress. Liver tissue was obtained from experimental animals used to generate microarray data where male rats were given APAP at sub-toxic (150 mg/kg), or overtly toxic (1500 and 2000 mg/kg) doses and sacrificed at 6, 24, or 48 hrs. Oxidative stress in liver was evaluated by a diverse panel of markers that included assessing expression of base excision repair (BER) genes, quantifying oxidative lesions in genomic DNA, and evaluating protein and lipid oxidation. A sub-toxic dose of APAP produced significant accumulation of nitrotyrosine protein adducts, while both sub-toxic and toxic doses caused a significant increase in 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine. Only toxic doses of APAP significantly induced expression levels of BER genes. None of the doses examined resulted in a significant increase in the number of abasic sites, or in the amount of lipid peroxidation. The accumulation of nitrotyrosine and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine adducts phenotypically anchors the oxidative stress gene expression signature observed with a sub-toxic dose of APAP, lending support to the validity of gene expression studies as a sensitive and biologically-meaningful endpoint in toxicology.
Fifteen Years after “Wingspread”—Environmental Endocrine Disrupters and Human and Wildlife Health: Where We are Today and Where We Need to Go
Creators: name: Ankley, Gerald T.
name: Foster, Paul M.
name: Blystone, Chad R.
name: Gray, L. Earl
name: Gray, Clark L.
name: Hartig, Phillip C.
name: Hotchkiss, Andrew K.
name: Rider, Cynthia V.
name: Wilson, Vickie S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: In 1991, a group of expert scientists at a Wingspread work session on endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) concluded that “Many compounds introduced into the environment by human activity are capable of disrupting the endocrine system of animals, including fish, wildlife, and humans. Endocrine disruption can be profound because of the crucial role hormones play in controlling development.” Since that time, there have been numerous documented examples of adverse effects of EDCs in invertebrates, fish, wildlife, domestic animals, and humans. Hormonal systems can be disrupted by numerous different anthropogenic chemicals including antiandrogens, androgens, estrogens, AhR agonists, inhibitors of steroid hormone synthesis, antithyroid substances, and retinoid agonists. In addition, pathways and targets for endocrine disruption extend beyond the traditional estrogen/androgen/thyroid receptor–mediated reproductive and developmental systems. For example, scientists have expressed concern about the potential role of EDCs in increasing trends in early puberty in girls, obesity and type II diabetes in the United States and other populations. New concerns include complex endocrine alterations induced by mixtures of chemicals, an issue broadened due to the growing awareness that EDCs present in the environment include a variety of potent human and veterinary pharmaceutical products, personal care products, nutraceuticals and phytosterols. In this review we (1) address what have we learned about the effects of EDCs on fish, wildlife, and human health, (2) discuss representative animal studies on (anti)androgens, estrogens and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin–like chemicals, and (3) evaluate regulatory proposals being considered for screening and testing these chemicals.
Serum Supplementation Modulates the Effects of Dibutyltin on Human Natural Killer Cell Function
Creators: name: Luebke, Robert W.
name: DeWitt, Jamie C.
name: Whalen, Margaret M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Natural killer (NK) cells are a subset of lymphocytes capable of killing tumor cells, virally infected cells and antibody-coated cells. Dibutyltin (DBT) dichloride is an organotin used as a stabilizer in polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastics and as a deworming product in poultry. DBT may leach from PVC water supply pipes and therefore poses a potential risk to human health. We previously reported diminished NK cells lysis of tumor cells following exposure to DBT in serum-free cell culture medium. However, under in vivo conditions, circulating cells will be exposed to DBT in the presence of 100% plasma; thus we investigated whether serum supplementation and incubation time modulates DBT effects on NK cell killing and the accumulation of DBT in freshly isolated NK cells, to determine whether a serum-free model accurately predicts possible effects of DBT on human NK cells under in vivo conditions. Lytic function was decreased by approximately 35% at an intracellular DBT (DBTi) concentration of 200μM and nearly complete loss of lytic function was observed at DBTi above 300μM for one h. However, an intracellular concentration of 50μM DBT, achieved over 24 h of exposure in 50% serum, reduced lytic function by 50%. Thus, conditions that reflect prolonged contact with circulating DBT, in the presence of serum, suggest that NK cell activity is decreased at lower DBTi. These data indicate that the model is useful in predicting potential human effects of relatively low DBTi concentrations.
Anisotropic conductivity in magnetic topological insulators
Creators: name: Sabzalipour, A.
name: Abouie, J.
name: Abedinpour, S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the surface conductivity of a three dimensional topological insulator doped with magnetic impurities. The spin-momentum locking of surface electrons makes their scattering from magnetic impurities anisotropic and the standard relaxation time approximation is not applicable. Using the semiclassical Boltzmann approach together with a generalized relaxation time scheme, we obtain closed forms for the relaxation times and analytic expressions for the surface conductivities of the system as functions of the bulk magnetization and the orientation of the aligned surface magnetic impurities. We show that the surface conductivity is anisotropic, and strongly depends both on the direction of the spins of magnetic impurities and on the magnitude of the bulk magnetization. In particular, we find that the surface conductivity has its minimum value when the spin of surface impurities are aligned perpendicular to the surface of TI, and therefore the backscattering probability is enhanced due to the magnetic torque exerted by impurities on the surface electrons.
description: 6 pages, 4 Figures
Age-Dependent Variability in Gene Expression in Male Fischer 344 Rat Retina
Creators: name: Royland, Joyce
name: Wright, Fred A.
name: Li, Zhen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Recent evidence suggests that older adults may be a sensitive population with regard to environmental exposure to toxic compounds. One source of this sensitivity could be an enhanced variability in response. Studies on phenotypic differences have suggested that variation in response does increase with age. However, few reports address the question of variation in gene expression as an underlying cause for increased variability of phenotypic response in the aged. In this study, we utilized global analysis to compare variation in constitutive gene expression in the retinae of young (4 months), middle-aged (11 months), and aged (23 months) Fischer 344 rats. Three hundred and forty transcripts were identified in which variance in expression increased from 4 to 23 months of age, while only 12 transcripts were found for which it decreased. Functional roles for identified genes were clustered in basic biological categories including cell communication, function, metabolism, and response to stimuli. Our data suggest that population stochastically induced variability should be considered in assessing sensitivity due to old age.
Peer-to-Peer-Beratungsstelle „Inklusive Schule“ im Projekt ProfaLe (Universität Hamburg)
Creators: name: Schütt, Marie-Luise
name: Ricken, Gabi
Publisher: name: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht.
Year: 2023

description: Multiprofessionelle Kooperation (resp. Beratung) wird als eine Gelingensbedingung zur Gestaltung von inklusiver Schule beschrieben. Dementsprechend sind an den Hochschulen Lehrkonzepte zu etablieren, die den angehenden Lehrkräften gelingende Erfahrungsräume in diesem Tätigkeitsbereich bieten. Erste Ansätze, wie die Beratungskompetenz im Lehramtsstudium gefördert werden kann, liegen vor. Im Beitrag wird die Peer-to-Peer-Beratung „Inklusive Schule“ (ProfaLe, Fakultät für Erziehungswissenschaft, Universität Hamburg) als ein möglicher Ansatz näher vorgestellt. Es wird die aktuelle Arbeitsweise der Peer-to-Peer-Beratung „Inklusive Schule“ erläutert. Auf der Basis der Evaluationsergebnisse werden Gelingens- und Misslingensbedingungen für derartige Konzepte in der Lehramtsausbildung an der Universität Hamburg sowie für weitere Einsatzorte herausgearbeitet.
description: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht., Bd. 5 Nr. 2 (2023): Beratung und Supervision – Einblicke in Formate im Rahmen der Bildung von Lehrer*innen
title: Forgotten Names and Unmarked Graves: A Collection of Poems by a Nursing Major
Creators: name: Howse, Taylor
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: These poetry pieces are a collection of works from my undergraduate experience as an English minor. "The Sheep in a Wolf's Skin" is a fairytale retelling with a twist. It is a dramatic monologue from the perspective of a villain, who hopefully will make you rethink your favorite childhood stories. "The Forgotten Cinderellas" is a free verse poem written as a twist from a favorite fairytale happily ever after. Finally, "Forgotten Names and Unmarked Graves" is a free verse poem written as a tribute for all the forgotten names that are not taught in history. For Samson Occom and William Apess, a few forgotten names in American History.
Additional file 1 of Validity and reliability of a french version of the olfactory disorders questionnaire
Creators: name: Lechien, Jérôme R.
name: Vaira, Luigi A.
name: Le Bon, Serge D.
name: Geerts, Roxane
name: Boscolo-Rizzo, Paolo
name: Saussez, Sven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Appendix 1: The French version of Olfactory Disorder Questionnaire.