cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Conditions that Preclude the Existence of the Lerner Paradox and the Metzler Paradox
Creators: name: Endoh, Masahiro
name: Hamada, Koichi
name: Endoh, Masahiro
name: Hamada, Koichi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The Lerner paradox is the possibility that a tariff on an import good might worsen a country's terms of trade, and the Metzler paradox is the possibility that a tariff on an import good might reduce a country's import price. In a general equilibrium framework with multiple goods, this paper shows that the combination of the invertibility of the Slutsky matrix for the world economy and its similarity across countries will preclude both of the paradoxes, and that the combination of the gross-substitutes assumption for the world demand and the substitute assumption for the demand of an import country property of goods will preclude the Lerner paradox. A modified condition for the Slutsky matrix combined with the gross substitute for the world demand will do the same for the Metzler paradox. A concept of non-surpassed diagonal is used in deriving the result.
Some results concerning maximum Renyi entropy distributions
Creators: name: Johnson, Oliver
name: Vignat, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94A17, 60E99

description: We consider the Student-t and Student-r distributions, which maximise Renyi entropy under a covariance condition. We show that they have information-theoretic properties which mirror those of the Gaussian distributions, which maximise Shannon entropy under the same condition. We introduce a convolution which preserves the Renyi maximising family, and show that the Renyi maximisers are the case of equality in a version of the Entropy Power Inequality. Further, we show that the Renyi maximisers satisfy a version of the heat equation, motivating the definition of a generalized Fisher information.
description: Revised version taking into account referee's comments
Wide-field fluorescent nanodiamond spin measurements toward real-time large-area intracellular quantum thermometry
Creators: name: Nishimura, Yushi
name: Oshimi, Keisuke
name: Umehara, Yumi
name: Kumon, Yuka
name: Miyaji, Kazu
name: Yukawa, Hiroshi
name: Shikano, Yutaka
name: Matsubara, Tsutomu
name: Fujiwara, Masazumi
name: Baba, Yoshinobu
name: Teki, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we analyze the operational process of nanodiamond (ND) quantum thermometry based on wide-field detection of optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of nitrogen vacancy centers, and compare its performance with that of confocal ODMR detection. We found that (1) the thermometry results are significantly affected by the shape and size of the camera region of interest (ROI) surrounding the target NDs and that (2) by properly managing the ROI and acquisition parameters of the camera, a temperature precision comparable to confocal detection in living cells can be obtained by wide-field ODMR. Our results are significant to the development of camera-based real-time large-area quantum thermometry of living cells.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Curve complexes and finite index subgroups of mapping class groups
Creators: name: Behrstock, Jason
name: Margalit, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M99; 20F38

description: Let Mod(S) be the extended mapping class group of a surface S. For S the twice-punctured torus, we show that there exists an isomorphism of finite index subgroups of Mod(S) which is not the restriction of an inner automorphism. For S a torus with at least three punctures, we show that every injection of a finite index subgroup of Mod(S) into Mod(S) is the restriction of an inner automorphism; this completes a program begun by Irmak. For all of the above surfaces, we establish the co-Hopf property for finite index subgroups of Mod(S).
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, minor mistake in closed genus 2 case corrected, references updated
Antike und mittelalterliche Quellen als Zeugnisse über Soqotra, eine einstmals christliche Insel
Creators: name: Müller, Walter W.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 85 (2001): Oriens christianus, Band 85
Quantum fluctuations in Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell superconductors
Creators: name: Samokhin, K. V.
name: Mar'enko, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the superconducting order parameter fluctuations near the phase transition into the Larkin-Ovchinnikov-Fulde-Ferrell state in the clean limit at zero temperature. In contrast to the usual normal metal-to-uniform superconductor phase transition, the fluctuation corrections are dominated by the modes with the wave vectors away from the origin. We find that the superconducting fluctuations lead to a divergent spin susceptibility and a breakdown of the Fermi-liquid behavior at the quantum critical point.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Developing Countries and the Multilateral Trading System After Doha
Creators: name: Srinivasan, T.N.
name: Srinivasan, T.N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: World Trade Organization (WTO)
subject: multilateral trade negotiations
subject: developing countries
subject: Antidumping
subject: Trade Related Intellectual Property Services (TRIPS)
subject: trade and labour standards
subject: trade and environment
subject: preferential trade agreements

description: The Fourth Session of the Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO), held in Doha, Qatar, in November 2001, launched a new round of multilateral trade negotiations (MTN) and a work programme (WP) for the WTO involving the negotiating agenda and steps for meeting the challenges facing the multilateral trading system. The paper evaluates the WP, in particular, whether it would redress the unfavourable balance between benefits and costs to developing countries DCs of the agreement that concluded the previous (Uruguay) round of MTN. It discusses the failure of the third session in Seattle to launch a new round in December 1999, and also documents the unfavourable balance. While concluding that with adequate preparation, the negotiators could reach an agreement in the new round yielding substantial gains to DCs, the paper also suggests possible negotiating points for DCs.
Additional file 3 of Performances of Adaptive MultiBLUP, Bayesian regressions, and weighted-GBLUP approaches for genomic predictions in Belgian Blue beef cattle
Creators: name: Duarte, José Luis Gualdrón
name: Ann-Stephan Gori
name: Hubin, Xavier
name: Lourenco, Daniela
name: Charlier, Carole
name: Misztal, Ignacy
name: Druet, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3.
Consumption Smoothing? Livestock, Insurance and Drought in Rural Burkina Faso
Creators: name: Kazianga, Harounan
name: Udry, Christopher R.
name: Kazianga, Harounan
name: Udry, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: livestock
subject: consumption smoothing
subject: permanent income hypothesis
subject: precautionary saving
subject: risk sharing

description: This paper explores the extent of consumption smoothing between 1981 and 1985 in rural Burkina Faso. In particular, we examine the extent to which livestock, grain storage and interhousehold transfers are used to smooth consumption against income risk. The survey coincided with a period of severe drought, so that the results provide direct evidence on the effectiveness of these various insurance mechanisms when they are the most needed. We find evidence of little consumption smoothing. In particular, there is almost no risk sharing, and households rely almost exclusively on self-insurance in the form of adjustments to grain stocks to smooth out consumption. The outcome, however is far from complete smoothing. Hence the main risk-coping strategies, which are hypothesized in the literature (risk sharing and buffer stock), were not effective during the survey period.
Family history of breast/ovarian cancer and referral criteria for a BRCA1 testing program
Creators: name: Bajdik, Christopher Douglas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Background: Breast and ovarian cancer can arise from genetic predisposition and environmental (i.e., non-genetic) exposures. Family history is the basis for many referrals to a genetic testing program, but family history is expected to depend on a person's age and family structure, the disease risk that is associated with BRCA1 and the sporadic disease risk in the population. Population-based research on BRCA1 is difficult to conduct because of logistic, financial and ethical issues. Methods: The first phase of the study created a simulation model of BRCA1 and breast/ovarian cancer in a family. The next phase analyzed the effects of age and pedigree size on the relationship between family history and whether someone carried a BRCA1 mutation, and examined the stability of results in relation to estimates of the hereditary and overall rate of breast/ovarian cancer in the population. The third phase combined the simulation results with BC demographic information to examine the implications for a provincial genetic testing program. Results: The predictive accuracy of family history was strongly dependent on a person's age and pedigree size. The stability of these results also depended on the risk associated with a BRCA1 mutation and the population rate of disease in the model. If 0.12% of people in BC carry a mutation, a province-wide testing program for persons 20 to 69 years of age is estimated to identify 62% of them. About 4% of people who receive testing will be BRCA1 mutation carriers. Both percentages depend on referral criteria for the program. Conclusions: The results of these analyses are based on assumptions and observations in other populations. The corresponding information for the British Columbia population is not known. Any criteria that restrict referral to a BRCA1 testing program will exclude some mutation carriers in the population. The part of the population most likely to be affected is young people with small families.
Evolution equations for quantum semi-Markov dynamics
Creators: name: Megier, Nina
name: Smirne, Andrea
name: Vacchini, Bassano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a newly introduced connection between the local and non-local description of open quantum system dynamics, we investigate the relationship between these two characterisations in the case of quantum semi-Markov processes. This class of quantum evolutions, which is a direct generalisation of the corresponding classical concept, guarantees mathematically well-defined master equations, while accounting for a wide range of phenomena, possibly in the non-Markovian regime. In particular, we analyse the emergence of a dephasing term when moving from one type of master equation to the other, by means of several examples. We also investigate the corresponding Redfield-like approximated dynamics, which are obtained after a coarse graining in time. Relying on general properties of the associated classical random process, we conclude that such an approximation always leads to a Markovian evolution for the considered class of dynamics.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 4 of Genome-wide methylation patterns predict clinical benefit of immunotherapy in lung cancer
Creators: name: Kim, Jeong Yeon
name: Choi, Jung Kyoon
name: Jung, Hyunchul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. ROC curve analysis of the risk score for predicting progression-free survival greater than six months (a) and one year (b).
Huygens' Principle for the Non-Self-Adjoint Scalar Wave Equation on Petrov type III Space-Times
Creators: name: Anderson, W. G.
name: McLenaghan, R. G.
name: Sasse, F. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35L15, 83C20, 83C60

description: We prove that if the non-self-adjoint scalar wave equation satisfies Huygens' principle on Petrov type III space-times, then it is equivalent to the conformally invariant scalar wave equation.
description: 17 pages
CO J=6-5 observations of TW Hya with the SMA
Creators: name: Qi, C.
name: Wilner, D. J.
name: Calvet, N.
name: Bourke, T. L.
name: Blake, G. A.
name: Hogerheijde, M. R.
name: Ho, P. T. P.
name: Bergin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first images of the 691.473 GHz CO J=6-5 line in a protoplanetary disk, obtained along with the 690 GHz dust continuum, toward the classical T Tauri star TW Hya using the Submillimeter Array. Imaging in the CO J=6-5 line reveals a rotating disk, consistent with previous observations of CO J=3-2 and 2-1 lines. Using an irradiated accretion disk model and 2D Monte Carlo radiative transfer, we find that additional surface heating is needed to fit simultaneously the absolute and relative intensities of the CO J=6-5, 3-2 and 2-1 lines. In particular, the vertical gas temperature gradient in the disk must be steeper than that of the dust, mostly likely because the CO emission lines probe nearer to the surface of the disk. We have used an idealized X-ray heating model to fit the line profiles of CO J=2-1 and 3-2 with Chi-square analysis, and the prediction of this model yields CO J=6-5 emission consistent with the observations.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Accepted by ApJL on Dec. 5th, 2005
Three Strikes and You're Out: Reply to Cooper and Willis
Creators: name: Caballero, Ricardo J.
name: Engel, Eduardo M.R.A.
name: Caballero, Ricardo J.
name: Engel, Eduardo M.R.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: adjustment hazard
subject: aggregate nonlinearities
subject: lumpy adjustment
subject: observed and unobserved gaps
subject: quadratic adjustment

description: Cooper and Willis (2003) is the latest in a sequence of criticisms of our methodology for estimating aggregate nonlinearities when microeconomic adjustment is lumpy. Their case is based on "reproducing" our main findings using artificial data generated by a model where microeconomic agents face quadratic adjustment costs. That is, they supposedly find our results where they should not be found. The three claims on which they base their case are incorrect. Their mistakes range from misinterpreting their own simulation results to failing to understand the context in which our procedures should be applied. They also claim that our approach assumes that employment decisions depend on the gap between the target and current level of unemployment. This is incorrect as well, since the 'gap approach' has been derived formally from at least as sophisticated microeconomic models as the one they present. On a more positive note, the correct interpretation of Cooper and Willis's results shows that our procedures are surprisingly robust to significant departures from the assumptions made in our original derivations.
Topological Qubits in a Fractal-Quantized Spiral Number Space
Creators: name: Boulfoul, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: topolocical qubit
spiral number spaces
fractal quantization
quantum logic
prime number differences
modular arithmetic
derterministic quantum model
quantum computing
path-based qubit
quantum geometry
axiomatic quantum model
mirror symmetry
resonance structure
quantum information theory
photonic qbit
OAM photons
spiral resonator

description: This work introduces a novel model for topological qubits based on a fractal-quantized spiral number space. Qubit states are represented as directional paths formed by prime-based difference sequences and are protected by a topological path class. The paper presents a complete mathematical formulation, including recursive path definitions, logical operators, a path invariant, and an axiomatic foundation. This framework bridges number theory and quantum logic, offering new possibilities for robust and deterministic qubit implementations.

 

This publication is self-contained but conceptually related to the broader theoretical framework developed in “A New Perspective on Infinite Number Spaces through Prime Number Distance and Quantization”, available at:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14853309
The nucleon axial charge in full lattice QCD
Creators: name: LHPC Collaboration
name: Edwards, R. G.
name: Fleming, G. T.
name: Hagler, Ph.
name: Negele, J. W.
name: Orginos, K.
name: Pochinsky, A.
name: Renner, D. B.
name: Richards, D. G.
name: Schroers, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleon axial charge is calculated as a function of the pion mass in full QCD. Using domain wall valence quarks and improved staggered sea quarks, we present the first calculation with pion masses as light as 354 MeV and volumes as large as (3.5 fm)^3. We show that finite volume effects are small for our volumes and that a constrained fit based on finite volume chiral perturbation theory agrees with experiment within 7% statistical errors.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters. Several typos corrected
Topological Qubits in a Fractal-Quantized Spiral Number Space
Creators: name: Boulfoul, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: topolocical qubit
spiral number spaces
fractal quantization
quantum logic
prime number differences
modular arithmetic
derterministic quantum model
quantum computing
path-based qubit
quantum geometry
axiomatic quantum model
mirror symmetry
resonance structure
quantum information theory

description: This work introduces a novel model for topological qubits based on a fractal-quantized spiral number space. Qubit states are represented as directional paths formed by prime-based difference sequences and are protected by a topological path class. The paper presents a complete mathematical formulation, including recursive path definitions, logical operators, a path invariant, and an axiomatic foundation. This framework bridges number theory and quantum logic, offering new possibilities for robust and deterministic qubit implementations.

 

This publication is self-contained but conceptually related to the broader theoretical framework developed in “A New Perspective on Infinite Number Spaces through Prime Number Distance and Quantization”, available at:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14853309
Observational Constraints Upon Cool Disk Material in Quiescent Black Hole Binaries
Creators: name: Hynes, R. I.
name: Robinson, E. L.
name: Bitner, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider current observational constraints on the presence of cool, optically thick disk material in quiescent black hole binaries, specifically focusing on a case study of the prototypical system A0620-00. Such material might be expected to be present theoretically, but is usually claimed to make a negligible contribution at optical and infrared wavelengths. The primary argument is based on measurements of the veiling of stellar photospheric absorption lines, in which it is assumed that the disk spectrum is featureless. We use simulated spectra to explore the sensitivity of veiling measurements to uncertainties in companion temperature, gravity, and metallicity. We find that the derived veiling is extremely sensitive to a mismatch between the temperature and metallicity of the companion and template, but that the effect of a plausible gravity mismatch is much smaller. In general the resulting uncertainty in the amount of veiling is likely to be much larger than the usually quoted statistical uncertainty. We also simulate spectra in which the disk has an emergent spectrum similar to the star and find that in this case, optical veiling constraints are moderately robust. This is because the rotational broadening of the disk is so large that the two line profiles effectively decouple and the measurement of the depth of stellar lines is largely unbiased by the disk component. We note, however, that this is only true at intermediate resolutions or higher, and that significant bias might still affect low resolution IR observations. [Abridged]
description: 9 pages using emulateapj. To appear in The Astrophysical Journal (in press)
The Micro-Economics of "Surplus Labor"
Creators: name: Ranis, Gustav
name: Ranis, Gustav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: institutional vs competitive real wage
subject: labor surplus economy
subject: neoclassical vs classical labor markets

description: This paper examines the apparent conflict between the classical assumption of a bargaining the context of a labor surplus developing economy. It concludes that the relatively inelastic supply of labor hours offered by low income small or landless farmers in the static microeconomic leisure/work context is perfectly consistent with the persistence for some time of an institutional real wage offered to the non-agricultural sector of the dual economy. Empirical evidence is brought to bear in support of that position.
Short-range correlations in two-nucleon knockout reactions
Creators: name: Bertulani, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of short-range correlations in two-nucleon removal due to elastic breakup (diffraction dissociation) on a light target is developed. Fingerprints of these correlations will appear in momentum distributions of back-to-back emission of the nucleon pair. Expressions for the momentum distributions are derived and calculations for reactions involving stable and unstable nuclear species are performed. The signature of short-range correlations in other reaction processes is also studied.
description: Nuclear Physics A, in press
Cl 1205+44, a fossil group at z = 0.59
Creators: name: Ulmer, M. P.
name: Adami, C.
name: Covone, G.
name: Durret, F.
name: Neto, G. B. Lima
name: Sabirli, K.
name: Holden, B.
name: Kron, R. G.
name: Romer, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a report of Chandra, XMM-Newton, HST and ARC observations of an extended X-ray source at z = 0.59. The apparent member galaxies range from spiral to elliptical and are all relatively red (i'-Ks about 3). We interpret this object to be a fossil group based on the difference between the brightness of the first and second brightest cluster members in the i'-band, and because the rest-frame bolometric X-ray luminosity is about 9.2x10^43 h70^-2 erg s^-1. This makes Cl 1205+44 the highest redshift fossil group yet reported. The system also contains a central double-lobed radio galaxy which appears to be growing via the accretion of smaller galaxies. We discuss the formation and evolution of fossil groups in light of the high redshift of Cl 1205+44.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, minor corrections to match published ApJ version
Mar Elia Aboona and the history of the East Syrian patriarchate
Creators: name: Coakley, J. F.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 85 (2001): Oriens christianus, Band 85
Shifting Policy Strategy in Keynesianism
Creators: name: Noguchi, Asahi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper analyzes the evolution of Keynesianism making use of concepts offered by Imre Lakatos. The Keynesian "hard core" lies in its views regarding the instability of the market economy, its "protective belt" in the policy strategy for macroeconomic stabilization using fiscal policy and monetary policy. Keynesianism developed as a policy program to counter classical liberalism, which attributes priority to the autonomy of the market economy and tries to limit the role of government. In general, the core of every policy program consists in an unfalsifiable worldview and a value judgment that remain unchanged. On the other hand, a policy strategy with a protective belt inevitably evolves owing to changes in reality and advances in scientific knowledge. This is why the Keynesian policy strategy has shifted from being fiscal-led to one that is monetary-led because of the influence of monetarism; further, the Great Recession has even led to their integration.
Making a living, making a life : subsistence and the re-enactment of Iglulingmiut cultural practices
Creators: name: Wachowich, Nancy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis is about the Inuit effort to adapt to a changing arctic environment through their engagement with outsiders in projects to document their "traditional culture". The Inuit ability to draw subsistence from what southerners perceive as an inhospitable Arctic environment has been an ongoing fascination to the western public. I argue that while westerners seek to reinforce these idealized and exotic notions of the pristine Arctic environment and of the "authentic Inuit" who inhabit it, Inuit themselves have simultaneously and deliberately drawn upon these western iconic categories to communicate their cultural knowledge for social and political ends. Based on 1997 fieldwork in the Eastern High Arctic Inuit community of Igloolik, as well as fieldwork undertaken between 1991 and 1998 in the neighbouring community of Pond Inlet, in Iqaluit and in Ottawa, my dissertation analyses various sites where Iglulingmiut (Inuit from Igloolik) and southerners come together to construct Inuit identities. Each chapter focuses on a different context where Inuit cultural traditions are produced: explorer narratives; arctic ethnography; local community projects in Igloolik; ethnographic film; life histories and national museum exhibits. Drawing on Myers notion of "culture-making", I describe how identity construction at these sites via new representational media (print, film, museum exhibits and others) has become a form of subsistence that co-exists with and supports traditional subsistence hunting. Yet, this social and economic strategy functions at the interface between Inuit and southern cultures. It is an intercultural process largely dependent on southern funding agencies for economic support. Just as the Inuit in the past navigated new territories in search of migratory animals, another type of navigation has emerged in this new cross-cultural environment as Iglulingmiut seek to market their cultural representations on a global scale. Political issues related to land claims, environmental protection, sustainable development and hunting rights intensify this Inuit effort to assert themselves in global arenas. I describe how the particular dynamics of each contact zone provoke new and unique cross-cultural dialogues as Iglulingmiut creatively draw on elements from their past to reiterate their tradition as an adaptive, hunting people.
Fertility and Income
Creators: name: Schultz, T. Paul
name: Schultz, T. Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: sources of fertility decline
subject: twins
subject: child health
subject: Kenya

description: There is an inverse association between income per adult and fertility among countries, and across households this inverse association is also often observed. Many studies find fertility is lower among better educated women and is often higher among women whose families own more land and assets. What do we know about the social consequences of events and policies that change fertility, if they are independent of parent preferences for children or the economic conditions which account for much of the variation in parent lifetime fertility? These effects of exogenous fertility change on the health and welfare of children can are assessed from Kenyan household survey data by analysis of the consequences of twins, and the effect of avoiding unanticipated fertility appears to have a larger beneficial effect on the body mass index or health status of children in the family than would be expected due to variation in fertility which is accounted for by parent education and household land.
Erweiterung des MVT-Heißrisstests auf Basis von tomographischen Methoden am Beispiel von LTT-Schweißzusatzwerkstoffen
Creators: name: Vollert, Florian
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Low Transformation Temperature (LTT) Schweißzusatzwerkstoffe
Heißrissanalyse
MVT-Heißrisstest
Computertomographie

description: Mit Low Transformation Temperature (LTT) Schweißzusatzwerkstoffen können die schweißbedingten Zugeigenspannungen während des Schweißprozesses gezielt minimiert werden. Dies wird durch ein Herabsetzen der Martensitstarttemperatur realisiert, so dass die Volumenzunahme bei der Martensitumwandlung die sich ausbildenden Zugeigenspannungen besser kompensieren kann. Allerdings können einige LTT-Legierungen, aufgrund ihres Seigerungsverhaltens, eine hohe Neigung zur Bildung von Heißrissen aufweisen. Mithilfe von geeigneten Heißrisstests ist es möglich, die Heißrissneigung eines Werkstoffes zu bewerten. In dieser Arbeit wird der etablierte modifizierte Varestraint/Transvarestraint (MVT) Heißrisstest auf Basis von tomographischen Methoden erweitert. Damit wird erstmals bei der Auswertung das gesamte 3D Heißrissnetzwerk im Probenvolumen berücksichtigt. Es wird eine Auswertestrategie implementiert, mit der Heißrissparameter ermittelt werden können, um die Heißrissneigung von Werkstoffen in Analogie zum theoretischen Heißrissmodell nach Prokhorov beschreiben. Die erarbeitete Methodik wird anschließend auf LTT Schweißzusatzwerkstoffe angewendet. Dabei wird gezeigt, wie die Prozessparameter für eine aussagekräftige Analyse gewählt werden müssen und welche Mechanismen die Ausbildung der 3D Heißrissnetzwerke während des MVT-Heißrisstests beeinflussen.
The Magnetic Structure of Coronal Loops Observed by TRACE
Creators: name: Fuentes, M. C. Lopez
name: Klimchuk, J. A.
name: Demoulin, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous studies have found that coronal loops have a nearly uniform thickness, which seems to disagree with the characteristic expansion of active region magnetic fields. This is one of the most intriguing enigmas in solar physics. We here report on the first comprehensive one-to-one comparison of observed loops with corresponding magnetic flux tubes obtained from cotemporal magnetic field extrapolation models. We use EUV images from TRACE, magnetograms from the MDI instrument on SOHO, and linear force-free field extrapolations. For each loop, we find the particular value of the force-free parameter (alpha) that best matches the observed loop axis and then construct flux tubes using different assumed cross sections at one footpoint (circle and ellipses with different orientations). We find that the flux tubes expand with height by typically twice as much as the corresponding loops. We also find that many flux tubes are much wider at one footpoint than the other, whereas the corresponding loops are far more symmetric. It is clear that the actual coronal magnetic field is more complex than the models we have considered. We suggest that the observed symmetry of loops is related to the tangling of elemental magnetic flux strands produced by photospheric convection.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Do Population Control Policies Induce More Human Capital Investment? Twins, Birthweight, and China's 'One Child' Policy
Creators: name: Rosenzweig, Mark R.
name: Zhang, Junsen
name: Rosenzweig, Mark R.
name: Zhang, Junsen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: In this paper we use a new data set describing households with and without twin children in China to quantify the trade-off between the quality and quantity of children using the incidence of twins that for the first time takes into account effects associated with the lower birthweight and closer-spacing of twins compared to singleton births. We show that examining the effects of twinning by birth order, net of the effects stemming from the birthweight deficit of twins, can provide upper and lower bounds on the trade-off between family size and average child quality. Our estimates indicate that, at least in one area of China, an extra child at parity one or at parity two, net of birthweight effects, significantly decreases the schooling progress, the expected college enrollment, grades in school and the assessed health of all children in the family. We also show that estimates of the effects of twinning at higher parities on the outcomes of older children in prior studies do not identify family size effects but are confounded by inter-child allocation effects because of the birthweight deficit of twins. Despite the evident significant trade-off between number of children and child quality in China, however, the findings suggest that the contribution of the one-child policy in China to the development of its human capital was modest.
Opportunities for use of exact statistical equations
Creators: name: Hill, Reginald J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact structure function equations are an efficient means of obtaining asymptotic laws such as inertial range laws, as well as all measurable effects of inhomogeneity and anisotropy that cause deviations from such laws. "Exact" means that the equations are obtained from the Navier-Stokes equation or other hydrodynamic equations without any approximation. A pragmatic definition of local homogeneity lies within the exact equations because terms that explicitly depend on the rate of change of measurement location appear within the exact equations; an analogous statement is true for local stationarity. An exact definition of averaging operations is required for the exact equations. Careful derivations of several inertial range laws have appeared in the literature recently in the form of theorems. These theorems give the relationships of the energy dissipation rate to the structure function of acceleration increment multiplied by velocity increment and to both the trace of and the components of the third-order velocity structure functions. These laws are efficiently derived from the exact velocity structure function equations. In some respects, the results obtained herein differ from the previous theorems. The acceleration-velocity structure function is useful for obtaining the energy dissipation rate in particle tracking experiments provided that the effects of inhomogeneity are estimated by means of displacing the measurement location.
description: accepted by Journal of Turbulence
Kirchliche Gemeinschaft und Schisma im Spiegel syrischer Schreibervermerke
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 85 (2001): Oriens christianus, Band 85
Additional file 2 of Genome-wide methylation patterns predict clinical benefit of immunotherapy in lung cancer
Creators: name: Kim, Jeong Yeon
name: Choi, Jung Kyoon
name: Jung, Hyunchul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Summary statistics of differentially hyper- (a), and hypomethylated (b) probes, and hypermethylated regions (c) in nonresponders according to their location. Differentially hypomethylated regions are now shown due to the lack of them.
Representing islandness : myth, memory, and modernisation in Prince Edward Island
Creators: name: McCabe, Shauna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This research addresses the role of local artistic practices in the symbolic interpretation and contestation of modernisation, in the expression of what Pred and Watts (1992) have called a "multiplicity of modernities". In particular, the research examines the localised experience of place identity among creative artists in the landscape of Prince Edward Island. The research integrates and extends recent work exploring the place-making qualities of cultural expression and their attendant "imagined geographies," and their mediation of political-economic and cultural flows which have national and global dimensions. Prince Edward Island presents a powerful metaphor for the inextricability o f the local and the global in the complex recent reconfiguration of tradition and culture. In Prince Edward Island, thoroughly represented as "home place" within cultural practice as well as the international tourism industry, the presence and activity of cultural producers themselves is inescapably part of a wider trend centred upon the aestheticisation and commodification of the landscape. Expressions of local identity have found increasing manifestation in tourism, as in the wider contemporary landscape of the Maritime region, where a prevalent trend has been towards deindustrialisation and rural gentrification as places shift from being centres of production to sites for tourist consumption. Exploring the interface of art and geography, this discussion focuses on three cases of artistic practice in Prince Edward Island that indicate that in the construction of a romantic ideal of "home place" and homeland, the cultural practices of artists may offer contested and critical constructions of identity, culture and memory. As such they evoke alternative trajectories of modernisation. Confronting a transforming landscape, artistic works represent local identity and memory. The cases show that although these practices may operate within cultures of consumption, the cultural practice of artists and the geographies they sustain may be sites where a fundamental symbolic struggle is waged over identity and memory, over the meaning and representation of place and of "home" in a world of consumption.
Deposit Collectors
Creators: name: Ashraf, Nava
name: Karlan, Dean S.
name: Yin, Wesley
name: Ashraf, Nava
name: Karlan, Dean S.
name: Yin, Wesley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: savings behavior
subject: microfinance
subject: field experiment
subject: savings mobilization
subject: deposit collector

description: Informal lending and savings institutions exist around the world, and often include regular door-to-door deposit collection of cash. Some banks have adopted similar services in order to expand access to banking services in areas that lack physical branches. Using a randomized control trial, we investigate determinants of participation in a deposit collection service and evaluate the impact of offering the service for micro-savers of a rural bank in the Philippines. Of 137 individuals offered the service in the treatment group, 38 agreed to sign-up, and 20 regularly used the service. Take-up is predicted by distance to the bank (a measure of transaction costs of depositing without the service) as well as being married (a suggestion that household bargaining issues are important). Those offered the service saved 188 pesos more (which equates to about a 25% increase in savings stock) and were slightly less likely to borrow from the bank.
Hot and Diffuse Clouds near the Galactic Center Probed by Metastable H3+
Creators: name: Oka, Takeshi
name: Geballe, T. R.
name: Goto, Miwa
name: Usuda, Tomonori
name: McCall, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an absorption line from the metastable (J, K) = (3, 3) level of H3+ together with other lines of H3+ and CO observed along several sightlines, we have discovered a vast amount of high temperature (T ~ 250 K) and low density (n ~ 100 cm-3) gas with a large velocity dispersion in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Galaxy, i.e., within 200 pc of the center. Approximately three fourths of the H3+ along the line of sight to the brightest source we observed, the Quintuplet object GCS 3-2, is inferred to be in the CMZ, with the remaining H3+ located in intervening spiral arms. About half of H3+ in the CMZ has velocities near ~ - 100 km s-1 indicating that it is associated with the 180 pc radius Expanding Molecular Ring which approximately forms outer boundary of the CMZ. The other half, with velocities of ~ - 50 km s-1 and ~ 0 km s-1, is probably closer to the center. CO is not very abundant in those clouds. Hot and diffuse gas in which the (3, 3) level is populated was not detected toward several dense clouds and diffuse clouds in the Galactic disk where large column densities of colder H3+ have been reported previously. Thus the newly discovered environment appears to be unique to the CMZ. The large observed H3+ column densities in the CMZ suggests an ionization rate much higher than in the diffuse interstellar medium in the Galactic disk. Our finding that the H3+ in the CMZ is almost entirely in diffuse clouds indicates that the reported volume filling factor (f ≥ 0.1) for n ≥ 104 cm-3 clouds in the CMZ is an overestimate by at least an order of magnitude.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Electromagnetic pulse emission from target holders during short-pulse laser interactions
Creators: name: Minenna, Damien F. G.
name: Poyé, Alexandre
name: Bradford, Philip
name: Woolsey, Nigel
name: Tikhonchuk, Vladimir T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D10, 78A60

description: For the first time, a global model of electromagnetic pulse (EMP) emission connects charge separation in the laser target to quantitative measurements of the electromagnetic field. We present a frequency-domain dipole antenna model which predicts the quantity of charge accumulated in a laser target as well as the EMP amplitude and frequency. The model is validated against measurements from several high-intensity laser facilities, providing insight into target physics and informing the design of next-generation ultra-intense laser facilities. EMP amplitude is proportional to the total charge accumulated on the target, but we demonstrate that it is not directly affected by target charging time (and therefore the laser pulse duration) provided the charging time is shorter than the antenna characteristic time. We propose two independent methods for estimating the charging time based on the laser pulse duration. We also investigate the impact of target holder geometry on EMPs using cylindrical, conical and helical holders.
Additional file 2 of Performances of Adaptive MultiBLUP, Bayesian regressions, and weighted-GBLUP approaches for genomic predictions in Belgian Blue beef cattle
Creators: name: Duarte, José Luis Gualdrón
name: Ann-Stephan Gori
name: Hubin, Xavier
name: Lourenco, Daniela
name: Charlier, Carole
name: Misztal, Ignacy
name: Druet, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Gauged $U(1)_R$ supergravity on orbifold
Creators: name: Abe, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a gauged $U(1)_R$ supergravity on five-dimensional orbifold ($S^1/Z_2$) in which a $Z_2$-even U(1) gauge field takes part in the $U(1)_R$ gauging, and show the structure of Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms allowed in such model. Some physical consequences of the FI terms are examined.
description: 4 pages, 8 figures, talk presented at the 11th International Symposium on Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS'05), May 30 - June 4, 2005, Gyeongju, Korea
Congruence amalgamation of lattices
Creators: name: Grätzer, George
name: Lakser, Harry
name: Wehrung, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary:06B05, 06B10, Secondary:06D05

description: J. Tuma proved an interesting "congruence amalgamation" result. We are generalizing and providing an alternate proof for it. We then provide applications of this result: --A.P. Huhn proved that every distributive algebraic lattice $D$ with at most $\aleph\_1$ compact elements can be represented as the congruence lattice of a lattice $L$. We show that $L$ can be constructed as a locally finite relatively complemented lattice with zero. --We find a large class of lattices, the $ω$-congruence-finite lattices, that contains all locally finite countable lattices, in which every lattice has a relatively complemented congruence-preserving extension.
AGN Feedback and Star Formation of Quasar Host Galaxies: Insights from the Molecular Gas
Creators: name: Shangguan, Jinyi
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Bauer, Franz E.
name: Wang, Ran
name: Treister, Ezequiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The molecular gas serves as a key probe of the complex interplay between black hole accretion and star formation in the host galaxies of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). We use CO(2-1) observations from a new ALMA survey, in conjunction with literature measurements, to investigate the molecular gas properties of a representative sample of 40 z<0.3 Palomar-Green quasars, the largest and most sensitive study of molecular gas emission to date for nearby quasars. We find that the AGN luminosity correlates with both the CO luminosity and black hole mass, suggesting that AGN activity is loosely coupled to the cold gas reservoir of the host. The observed strong correlation between host galaxy total infrared luminosity and AGN luminosity arises from their common dependence on the molecular gas. We argue that the total infrared luminosity, at least for low-redshift quasars, can be used to derive reliable star formation rates for the host galaxy. The host galaxies of low-redshift quasars have molecular gas content similar to that of star-forming galaxies of comparable stellar mass. Moreover, they share similar gas kinematics, as evidenced by their CO Tully-Fisher relation and the absence of detectable molecular outflows down to sensitive limits. There is no sign that AGN feedback quenches star formation for the quasars in our sample. On the contrary, the abundant gas supply forms stars prodigiously, at a rate that places most of them above the star-forming main sequence and with an efficiency that rivals that of starburst systems.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 21 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 3 of Genome-wide methylation patterns predict clinical benefit of immunotherapy in lung cancer
Creators: name: Kim, Jeong Yeon
name: Choi, Jung Kyoon
name: Jung, Hyunchul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Tuning parameter log (lambda) selection during ten-fold cross validation (a) and L1-norm value (b) used for the regression model.