cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NE- 165 Case Study : CANOLA AS AN EMERGING INDUSTRY: A Processor and Producer Perspective
Creators: name: Coaldrake, Karen
name: Sonka, Steven T.
name: Coaldrake, Karen
name: Sonka, Steven T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries

description: The canola industry in the United States has been very small with a limited canola oil demand being met through imports. However, an apparent increase in consumer demand for more healthful alternatives to traditional vegetable oils has sparked an interest among domestic processors desiring to be among the first entrants to a U.S. canola oil market. Processor interest has in turn led to some producer experimentation with the crop. This case study documents the early activities of U.S. Canola Processors (USCP), one of two companies processing the U.S. crop, and Ralph King, a Central Illinois canola producer. USCP, a joint venture of Central Soya and Calgene, describes their role in terms of "building an industry," according to General Manager Larry Horn. The company actively participated in amending the 1990 Farm Bill which permitted producers to plant some canola without risking their wheat or corn bases. Also, USCP is pursuing the establishment of U.S. grain inspection standards for canola. Company representatives are holding farmer meetings and elevator training as a means of promoting the crop. The goal for USCP is to establish an infrastructure that would permit the company to secure adequate supplies of canola for their processing needs. Ralph King, an Illinois farmer, had a positive experience with canola the first production season and plans to continue experimenting with the crop. Despite his positive production experience, other producers have been less enthusiastic about canola's production season, volunteer plant problems, questionable suitability of canola varieties to specific geographic areas, and a volatile market situation.
Dissociation Kinetics of Gaseous Ozone in Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Bulbs
Creators: name: Shelake, Pramod S.
name: Mohapatra, Debabandya
name: Giri, Saroj kumar
name: Chakraborty, Subir kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Ozone decomposition kinetics varies significantly in the presence of biological commodity. This variation depends on many factors but primarily on the active sites in agricultural commodities and storage environments. Ozone decomposition kinetics in onion bulbs at temperatures (2, 10, and 18°C) and relative humidity (RH) (35 & 85%) for different ozone concentrations (100, 200, 300 ppm) and number of exposures (1, 2, 3) were investigated. Zero-order, first-order, and second-order kinetic models were fitted to the ozone decomposition data with respect to time. It was found that the decomposition kinetics follows a first-order reaction and the decomposition rate constant (kd) varies from 1.712 × 10−3 s−1 − 5.181 × 10−3 s−1 in the presence of onion. The half-life period (t1/2) was found to increase with concentration and number of exposures and decrease with temperature and relative humidity. The activation energy was found to vary between 1.840 and 10.216 kJ mole−1 and 6.271–12.461 kJ mole−1 for the relative humidity of 85% and 35%, respectively.
A RE-EXAMINATION OF EVENT STUDIES APPLIED TO CHALLENGED HORIZONTAL MERGERS
Creators: name: Hopkins, Yvette S.
name: Connor, John M.
name: Hopkins, Yvette S.
name: Connor, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: A growing body of empirical studies have been interpreted as support for a laissez-faire policy towards mergers. These "event studies" examine the reaction of stock market prices of firms that announce an agreement to merge. The type ~f reaction reveals whether a merger is motivated by a desire for market power or purely to improve market efficiency. In this paper, a version of the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) is applied to determine if abnormal returns are earned by rivals of 22 pairs of firms whose attempted horizontal mergers were challenged by the federal antitrust agencies. At most eight, and possibly only five, of the cases were found to be motivated by efficiency in seeking merger, and at most six, and possibly only one, were motivated by market power; the rest were inconclusive. The event-study technique is highly flawed for the study of business-regulation effects. Numerous unrealistic assumptions, inappropriate data constraints, and questionable interpretations hamper .the application of this technique to policy analysis.
User Behavior Retrieval for Click-Through Rate Prediction
Creators: name: Qin, Jiarui
name: Zhang, Weinan
name: Wu, Xin
name: Jin, Jiarui
name: Fang, Yuchen
name: Yu, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Click-through rate (CTR) prediction plays a key role in modern online personalization services. In practice, it is necessary to capture user's drifting interests by modeling sequential user behaviors to build an accurate CTR prediction model. However, as the users accumulate more and more behavioral data on the platforms, it becomes non-trivial for the sequential models to make use of the whole behavior history of each user. First, directly feeding the long behavior sequence will make online inference time and system load infeasible. Second, there is much noise in such long histories to fail the sequential model learning. The current industrial solutions mainly truncate the sequences and just feed recent behaviors to the prediction model, which leads to a problem that sequential patterns such as periodicity or long-term dependency are not embedded in the recent several behaviors but in far back history. To tackle these issues, in this paper we consider it from the data perspective instead of just designing more sophisticated yet complicated models and propose User Behavior Retrieval for CTR prediction (UBR4CTR) framework. In UBR4CTR, the most relevant and appropriate user behaviors will be firstly retrieved from the entire user history sequence using a learnable search method. These retrieved behaviors are then fed into a deep model to make the final prediction instead of simply using the most recent ones. It is highly feasible to deploy UBR4CTR into industrial model pipeline with low cost. Experiments on three real-world large-scale datasets demonstrate the superiority and efficacy of our proposed framework and models.
description: SIGIR 2020 industry track
IMPACTS OF GROWTH STIMULANTS IN THE DOMESTIC LIVESTOCK SECTOR
Creators: name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: McGuirk, Anya M.
name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: McGuirk, Anya M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: biotechnology
subject: general equilibrium
subject: pork and dairy

description: Many individuals are predicting a "second green revolution" in agriculture from the introduction of growth stimulants into the livestock industries. An economy-wide approach is used to determine the affects on prices and quantities of introducing growth stimulants in the domestic dairy and pork industries. In general, the impacts are found to be much smaller than previous research focused at the sectoral level has suggested. Increases in the amount of lean meat per hog, which reduces processor demand, may actually lead to a reduction in pork production at the farm-level.
Additional file 1 of Gray matter covariations in autism: out-of-sample replication using the ENIGMA autism cohort
Creators: name: Mei, Ting
name: Llera, Alberto
name: Forde, Natalie J.
name: van Rooij, Daan
name: Floris, Dorothea L.
name: Beckmann, Christian F.
name: Buitelaar, Jan K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Tables and Figure.
Globalization, Food Safety and Agricultural Health Standards: Implications for Trade and Public Health
Creators: name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The paper discusses the -- Context of changing sanitary-phyto-sanitary (SPS) standards -- Concerns, questions and studies related to food standards and safety -- Strategic options for developing countries to deal with rising standards -- Results for case studies on compliance costs, benefits and distribution -- Implications for capacity building and donor community
description: Paper presented at the 6th Annual Scientific Conference of the Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Hotel Agrabad, Chittagong, 4-6 March 2008.
Strengthening the Competitive Position of Commodity Marketers Two Case Study Approaches
Creators: name: McLaughlin, Edward W.
name: Perosio, Debra J.
name: McLaughlin, Edward W.
name: Perosio, Debra J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Producers and marketers of agricultural commodities are often beset with a similar set of problems that generally may be reduced to the following question: "how can we modify our product or program in such a way as to gain a competitive edge on our competition?" As every commodity marketer knows, there is, unfortunately, no easy answer to this question. Obtaining higher prices and returns for agricultural products is possible, but requires commitment, vision and attention to the ever-changing marketplace. The current monograph contains two case studies that approach this perennial question from different agricultural commodity industries--fresh produce and turkeys--that are surrounded by different sets of basic supply and demand conditions. Yet, in each case, the companies depicted have been particularly aggressive in their approach to marketing and at least moderately successful in their quest for higher producer returns. Both of these cases are based on real companies and current data. In the first instance, TruFresh International (TFI) has been substituted for the company's actual name but the circumstances documented in the case have not been altered, and in the second example, Plainville Turkey Farm (PTF) is indeed the name of the firm. The story of each is instructive in a different way. Simply put, TFI, long an innovator in fresh produce marketing, is confronted with the challenge that several of its competitors are beginning to duplicate certain of its most successful product and market innovations. The case focuses on the strategic alternatives that TFI may have at its disposal to address this problem, typical to so many commodity industries. In the second instance, PTF is faced with a related but narrower issue: the PTF brand of fresh turkey products has been received enthusiastically in Central New York State as a high quality brand and one for which consumers have demonstrated a willingness to pay a premium. The dilemma for PTF is whether, and with what strategy, should it attempt to expand its well established branded line of turkey products to new regions and new markets? Both of these firms are confronted with a set of marketing challenges that will sound familiar to nearly all commodity-based companies. In discussing the events that led to the situations faced by these two companies and the strategic options available to address them, students, executives and industry practitioners will gain an improved understanding of the process involved in adding value to differentiate agricultural commodities.
Looking for outflows from brown dwarfs
Creators: name: Masciadri, E.
name: Raga, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First evidences of IR excess and disk mass accretion (strong H$α$ emission) around brown dwarfs seem to indicate the existence of circumstellar disks around these sub-stellar objects. Nothing is known at the present time about outflows which potentially might be launched from brown dwarfs, although jets are typically associated with the accretion in standard T Tauri star disks. In this paper we calculate the H$α$ emission of internal working surfaces produced by a radiative jet in a neutral and in a photoionized environment as a function of the jet parameters (the ejection velocity $v_j$, shock velocity $v_s$, mass loss rate ${\dot M}$ and radius $r_j$ of the jet) and we provide estimates of the H$α$ luminosity for the parameters of ``standard'' Herbig-Haro (HH) jets from T Tauri stars and for the parameters expected for jets from BDs. Interestingly, we find that while the mass loss rates associated with jets from BDs are found to be two orders of magnitude lower than the mass loss rates associated with ``standard'' HH jets (from T Tauri stars), their velocities are likely to be similar. Based on our calculations, we discuss the conditions in which jets from BDs can be detected and we conclude that the H$α$ luminosities of internal working surfaces of jets from BDs in a photoionized environment should have only one order of magnitude lower than the H$α$ luminosities of T Tauri jets in a neutral environment.
description: 5 pages
Sudden future singularities in FLRW cosmologies
Creators: name: Lake, Kayll
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard energy conditions of classical general relativity are applied to FLRW cosmologies containing sudden future singularities. Here we show, in a model independent way, that although such cosmologies can satisfy the null, weak and strong energy conditions, they always fail to satisfy the dominant energy condition. They require a divergent spacelike energy flux in all but the comoving frame.
description: revtex4. Added references and a definition. To appear in CQG
Phonon counting thermometry of an ultracoherent membrane resonator near its motional ground state
Creators: name: Galinskiy, Ivan
name: Tsaturyan, Yeghishe
name: Parniak, Michał
name: Polzik, Eugene S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generation of non-Gaussian quantum states of macroscopic mechanical objects is key to a number of challenges in quantum information science, ranging from fundamental tests of decoherence to quantum communication and sensing. Heralded generation of single-phonon states of mechanical motion is an attractive way towards this goal, as it is, in principle, not limited by the object size. Here we demonstrate a technique which allows for generation and detection of a quantum state of motion by phonon counting measurements near the ground state of a 1.5 MHz micromechanical oscillator. We detect scattered photons from a membrane-in-the-middle optomechanical system using an ultra-narrowband optical filter, and perform Raman-ratio thermometry and second-order intensity interferometry near the motional ground state ($\bar{n}=0.23\pm0.02$ phonons). With an effective mass in the nanogram range, our system lends itself for studies of long-lived non-Gaussian motional states with some of the heaviest objects to date.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
TESTING FOR RISK PREMIUMS IN THE WHEAT-FLOUR SUBSECTOR
Creators: name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Salih, Hachim M.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Salih, Hachim M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: This paper specifies a model of wholesale flour price determination that incorporates risk measures for input prices (wheat) and a joint output price (millfeed). Tests using daily price data for a Buffalo flour miller indicate that risk premiums do exist. Moreover, these premiums persist in a model that incorporates hedging.
Additional file 1 of Weather-dependent changes in habitat use by Alpine chamois
Creators: name: Anderwald, Pia
name: Buchmann, Sven
name: Rempfler, Thomas
name: Filli, Flurin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Figure A1: Environmental variables for the study area. Table A1: Pearson’s correlation coefficients between explanatory variables.
COMPETITIVIDAD DE LA CADENA ARROCERA DEL ESTADO PORTUGUESA, VENEZUELA, EN LOS PROCESOS DE INTEGRACIÓN EN SUDAMÉRICA
Creators: name: Vivas, Víctor
name: Albisu, Luis Miguel
name: Vivas, Víctor
name: Albisu, Luis Miguel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Portuguesa state
subject: rice chain
subject: competitiveness
subject: international integration
subject: Venezuela.

description: The rice chain in the Portuguesa state is of great significance for Venezuela because half of the country's production comes from that state. Activities' integration that goes from production to consumption have some specificities which, in rice producing countries, the most important are those linked to the production and transformation of raw materials. On top, political and economic instability induce to take unwise macroeconomic decisions that affect the monetary system and balance of the country causing clear negative impacts on the rice chain. Several countries from the CAN (Colombia) and MERCOSUR (Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay) have been selected either as exporters or importers and consequently as potential competitors on the international markets or even in the national market. In this work, it has been undertaken a competitiveness analysis of the rice chain, in the Portuguese state comparing the previously mentioned countries based on representative variables of rice production: yield per hectare and its evolution, price paid to farmers, production cost and profit; transformation: yield for whole grains; consumption: consumption per capita; trade balance for rice: import and export; monetary policy: annual and cumulative inflation, and exchange rate; and, finally, policies applied in the sector. The objective is to evaluate the competitiveness of the rice chain and to suggest corrective measures for the future.
A3Ident: A Two-phased Approach to Identify the Leading Authors of Android Apps
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
name: Meng, Guozhu
name: Wang, Haoyu
name: Chen, Kai
name: Ge, Weimin
name: Li, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Authorship identification is the process of identifying and classifying authors through given codes. Authorship identification can be used in a wide range of software domains, e.g., code authorship disputes, plagiarism detection, exposure of attackers' identity. Besides the inherent challenges from legacy software development, framework programming and crowdsourcing mode in Android raise the difficulties of authorship identification significantly. More specifically, widespread third party libraries and inherited components (e.g., classes, methods, and variables) dilute the primary code within the entire Android app and blur the boundaries of code written by different authors. However, prior research has not well addressed these challenges. To this end, we design a two-phased approach to attribute the primary code of an Android app to the specific developer. In the first phase, we put forward three types of strategies to identify the relationships between Java packages in an app, which consist of context, semantic and structural relationships. A package aggregation algorithm is developed to cluster all packages that are of high probability written by the same authors. In the second phase, we develop three types of features to capture authors' coding habits and code stylometry. Based on that, we generate fingerprints for an author from its developed Android apps and employ several machine learning algorithms for authorship classification. We evaluate our approach in three datasets that contain 15,666 apps from 257 distinct developers and achieve a 92.5% accuracy rate on average. Additionally, we test it on 2,900 obfuscated apps and our approach can classify apps with an accuracy rate of 80.4%.
description: 12 pages
Microsatellite Primer sequences and AMOVA tables from Multiple drainage reversal episodes and glacial refugia in a Patagonian fish revealed by sequenced microsatellites
Creators: name: Ruzzante, Daniel E.
name: Simons, Annie P.
name: McCracken, Gregory R.
name: Habit, Evelyn
name: Walde, Sandra J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: The rise of the southern Andes and the Quaternary glacial cycles influenced the landscape of Patagonia, affecting the phylogeographic and biogeographic patterns of its flora and fauna. Here, we examine the phylogeography of the freshwater fish, Percichthys trucha, using 53 sequenced microsatellite DNA markers. Fish (N = 835) were collected from 16 river systems (46 locations) spanning the species range on both sides of the Andes. Eleven watersheds drain to the Pacific, five of which are trans-Andean (headwaters east of Andes). The remaining five drainages empty into the Atlantic. Three analytical approaches (neighbour-joining tree, hierarchical AMOVAs, STRUCTURE) revealed evidence of historic drainage reversals: Fish from four of the five trans-Andean systems (Puelo, Futalaufquen/Yelcho, Baker, Pascua) exhibited greater genetic similarity with Atlantic draining systems than with Pacific systems with headwaters west of Andes. Present-day drainage (Pacific versus Atlantic) explained only 5% of total genetic variance, while ancestral drainage explained nearly 27% of total variance. Thus, the phylogeographic structure of Percichthys trucha is consistent with episodes of drainage reversal in multiple systems and suggests a major role for deglaciation in the genetic and indeed the geographical distribution of P. trucha in Patagonia. The study emphasizes the significant role of historical processes in the current pattern of genetic diversity and differentiation in a fish from a southern temperate region.
ADMINISTRACIÓN PARA EL DESARROLLO LOCAL: EXPERIENCIAS DE PRODUCTORES DE HORTALIZAS EN LA REGIÓN III FRONTERIZA DE CHIAPAS
Creators: name: Gomez Carreto, Tlillalcapatl
name: Mena Cruz, Rosa Carmina
name: Moreno Vidal, Rocío
name: Gomez Carreto, Tlillalcapatl
name: Mena Cruz, Rosa Carmina
name: Moreno Vidal, Rocío
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Control for sales
subject: human resources
subject: induction
subject: Chiapas
subject: vegetable producers
subject: local development
subject: actor oriented development
subject: social capital.

description: This paper is meant to share results with the academic community, specialists and agricultural management experts, this results are related to the Project “Análisis y Propuestas para el Desarrollo Organizacional de la Integradora de la Frontera Sur, S.A. de C.V.” (Analysis and proposals for the Organization Development of Integradora de la Frontera Sur, S.A. de C.V.). This project was sponsored by Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas and by Campesinos Unidos de Comitán, which is a private association of producers. This borderland is located in southern Mexico in the State of Chiapas and specifically in the municipalities of Tzimol, La Trinitaria, Comitán y La Independencia, where the producers organization has its own greenhouses and commercialization places. The project focused on analysing and studying the specific business activities that some companies develop in order to generate business management knowledge. There were involved activities related to research, teaching and entailment. This means; research activity was of main interest, but the team also promoted teaching and entailment activities. In this sense, the general objective, which guided the work, it was analyzed the management status of La Integradora de la Frontera Sur, S.A. de C.V. This analysis took place in the light of the theories related to Business Administration to generate tangible proposals to improve it. Particular objectives were to propose specific management strategies and to develop a short training program. The scheme of work was raised from the participant focus; this means the owners were given a relevant participant role during the process. This way they could promote and include their point of view regarding tangible proposals. This is relevant in the light of the actor oriented development theory. In the process of diagnosis, the company defined as a priority for the current stage of its organizational development topics regarding human resources (especially about new personnel), control sales and advertising their products. This document focuses on the two first topics that have been developed at this point of the first stage of the research work.
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE LA PRODUCCIÓN Y COMERCIALIZACIÓN DE LECHE BOVINA EN SISTEMAS DE DOBLE PROPÓSITO EN DOBLADERO, VERACRUZ
Creators: name: Martinez Castro, Cesar Julio
name: Cotera Rivera, Julian
name: Abad Zavaleta, Jose
name: Martinez Castro, Cesar Julio
name: Cotera Rivera, Julian
name: Abad Zavaleta, Jose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Bovine
subject: milk
subject: production
subject: marketing
subject: double purpose cattle raising.

description: The objective of the present study was to make a diagnostic and characterization of the production and marketing of bovine milk in double purpose production systems, also known as tropical dairy, in the premises of Dobladero in José Azueta Veracruz, Mexico. Thirty Milk producers from the Local Livestock Association (Asociación Ganadera Local) were interviewed from May to July 2010. The results show that the production units are common parcels, with traditional pasturage on rain-fed conditions in a dry tropical weather, and supplementary feeding during dry seasons. A mixture of Zebu and Swiss cattle breeds predominate along with other europeans; the cow milking takes place daily in the morning and manually by the same producer and with the help of their families in most of the cases. Two forms were detected to market fluid milk: 1) Selling it to local cheese producers and 2) Selling it to Nestlé gatherer. It is concluded that tropical dairy in these premises fulfills different functions: a) sources of self-employment and incomes, b) provision of raw materials to the dairy agro-industry, c) generation of extra incomes from selling calves at weaning, d) use of by-products of agriculture and agribusiness in the region and e) development of roots and pride of being a farmer in the zone.
Model of charge and magnetic order formation in itinerant electron systems
Creators: name: Lemanski, Romuald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple model of charge and/or magnetic order formation in systems containing both localized and itinerant electrons coupled by the on-site, spin-dependent interaction that represents Coulomb repulsion and Hund's rule (a generalized Falicov-Kimball model). Ground state properties of the model are analyzed on the square lattice on a basis of the phase diagrams that have been constructed rigorously, but in a restricted configurational space. For intermediate values of the coupling constants there are considerable ranges of itinerant electron densities where phases with complex charge and magnetic structures of the localized electrons have lower energy than the simplest antiferro- and ferromagnetic ones. A strong tendency towards the antiferromagnetic coupling between spins of localized electrons has been observed close to half-filling for any density of localized electrons, including situations where the magnetic ions are diluted. For small band fillings the ferromagnetic coupling between localized spins is predominant.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Mechanisms and factors regulating organic carbon removal in surface flow constructed wetlands receiving woodwaste leachate
Creators: name: Tao, Wendong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An amber leachate was generated by rainfall on an uncovered woodwaste pile beside Fraser River in Mission, BC, Canada. The "young" leachate in the pile's placement period was acidic (pH 3.4-3.7) and nutrient-poor, with high concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD 12559-14254 mg L⁻¹), tannin and lignin (T&L 3066-5150 mg L⁻¹) and volatile fatty acids (VFAs 1564-2132 mg L⁻¹). The leachate at 1.5 years into the closure period became less acidic, ammonia-rich, more refractory, and lower in organic strength. More than 98% of leachate constituents were soluble. Laboratory tests demonstrated insignificant volatilization, limited effect of sediment adsorption, and the major role of biological degradation for organic carbon removal from woodwaste leachate in surface flow constructed wetlands (CWs). The activity of the microbial community was investigated by measuring ³H-leucine incorporation into bacterial protein, ¹⁴C-glucose turnover, and bacterial assimilation and mineralization of ¹⁴C-acetate in pilot-scale CWs receiving the young leachate. The effects of hydraulic retention time (HRT), influent strength and mass loading rate on treatment performance, microbial biomass and heterotrophic activities were examined in mesocosm wetlands receiving the "aging" leachate. There were insignificant longitudinal variations in heterotrophic activities and insignificant vertical variation in biomass. It could take up to 6 weeks for microbial maturation. A HRT value of 5 d was enough to avoid adverse effects on bacterial communities. When a VFAs-rich influent was fed, COD and T&L reduction efficiencies increased significantly with HRT. When a refractory influent of aged leachate was fed, reduction efficiencies increased slightly with HRT. Heterotrophic activities were regulated by the availability of organic substrates, electron acceptors and inorganic nutrients, which varied with influent strength and HRT. Nanoflagellate grazing controlled a proportion of active bacteria. The influents with up to 40% of the organic strength of young leachate did not inhibit the acclimatized microorganisms. Vegetation made little or no difference in performance. Reduction rates and rate constants were correlated to the heterotrophic activities of planktonic, epiphytic and sedimentary bacteria. Bacterioplankton and sedimentary bacteria usually contributed 77-99% to the total heterotrophic activities. The relative importance of sedimentary bacteria increased under substrate-limiting conditions, while bacterioplankton was favored by VF As-rich influents.
Chaotic Phenomena in Astrophysics and Cosmology
Creators: name: Gurzadyan, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chaos as typical property of non-linear systems has revealed its crucial role in various problems of astrophysics and cosmology. The problems discussed at these lectures include planetary dynamics, galactic dynamics, reconstruction of the substructure of clusters of galaxies, instability in Wheeler-DeWitt superspace. The choice of the problems aimed to show also the diversity of approaches and mathematical tools, which include the geometric criterion (Ricci) of relative instability in many dimensional systems, the estimation of Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, the hyperbolicity in pseudo-Riemannian spaces, etc.
description: Lectures at the Xth Brazilian School of Cosmology and Gravitation, July-August, Rio de Janeiro, 2002
Decomposing a matrix into two submatrices with extremely small operator norm
Creators: name: Limonova, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give sufficient conditions on a matrix A ensuring the existence of a partition of this matrix into two submatrices with extremely small norm of the image of any vector. Under some weak conditions on a matrix A we obtain a partition of A with the extremely small $(1,q)$-norm of submatrices.
Potential and comparative studies of six non-edible seed oil feedstock’s for biodiesel production
Creators: name: Khan, Inam Ullah
name: Long, Hongming
name: Yu, Yaowei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description:      Biodiesel is a clean, renewable fuel that is the best alternative to diesel, but feedstock costs more than 70%. Biodiesel development requires cheap feedstock with high oil content. Biodiesel from non-edible plants is cheap, biodegradable, and environmentally friendly. In the present work, six different sources were explored with seed oil content including Simmondsia chinensis (51%), Melia Azedarach (42.7%), Pongamia pinnata (42%), Cannabis sativa (39%), Citrus reticulate (29.5%), and Phoenix dactylifera (17%) respectively. The obtained oil contents were higher than previous studies. The quality of biodiesel was assessed by physico-chemical methods, viscosity (2.9-5.7), density (868-910), cetane number (49-58), flashpoint (137-187), and free fatty acid (0.3-1.21). Optimal conditions were implemented for transesterification, to obtain the highest biodiesel yields up to 98%. Through Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry study, 5-7 fatty acids were detected respectively. Through Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and Elemental analyzer analysis, environmental friendly biodiesel was obtained in which sulphur (0.0013-0.0091%), nitrogen (1.41-1.96%), and oxygen content was (9.33-11.43%). All plants have good physicochemical qualities that met American standard testing material D6751 and European norms 14214 standards. The growth of these plants on barren lands as a substitute energy source for the production of biodiesel is supported by our research on a sound scientific basis.
Impacto del programa Juntos sobre nutrición temprana
Creators: name: Jaramillo, Miguel
name: Sánchez, Alan
name: Jaramillo, Miguel
name: Sánchez, Alan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Evaluación de programas
subject: Programas sociales
subject: Nutrición
subject: Salud infantil
subject: Perú
subject: Programme evaluation
subject: Social programmes
subject: Nutrition
subject: Child health
subject: Peru

description: Desde fines del 2005, el programa Juntos brinda transferencias monetarias condicionadas a los hogares ubicados en los distritos pobres del Perú. En el año 2010, había alrededor de 420 mil hogares beneficiados. Si bien se evidencian mejoras en los indicadores nutricionales de los niños afiliados al programa, la pregunta de la investigación es: ¿hasta qué punto estas mejoras serían consecuencia de Juntos? Esta pregunta es válida dado que durante el periodo de estudio existe una tendencia clara hacia la reducción en los niveles de desnutrición crónica a nivel nacional. Según cifras oficiales, la desnutrición crónica disminuyó de 28.5% en 2007 a 23.2% en 2010. Los resultados evidencian que Juntos habría favorecido a aquellos niños ubicados en los percentiles inferiores de la distribución de estado nutricional, ayudándolos a superar la desnutrición crónica extrema; sin embargo, no ha tenido efectos sobre la desnutrición crónica global. Así mismo, comparando hogares afiliados al programa, no se detecta un efecto sobre el estado nutricional del tiempo de permanencia en el programa. Finalmente, se encuentra evidencia de efectos heterogéneos de Juntos, de manera tal que niños nacidos en hogares con madres con mayor educación tienden a beneficiarse del efecto nutricional del programa.
Roads Extraction from Satellite Images using Segmentation
Creators: name: J, Vijay Bhaskar
name: Christy, Sheron Henry
name: Hemaxi Nimavat K
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80106 Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this research main aimed of problem of the inadequate use of road features in traditional road extraction methods and satellite images become easily available, in this researcher for searching method for object detection and extraction from satellite images. Roads are most important curvilinear object and used for urban planning, emergency response, route planning, traffic management, road monitoring map updating etc. This paper is exploring by high resolution satellite images for detecting and extracting the road network in a strong model.
A Structure Theorem for Stationary Perfect Fluids
Creators: name: Guilfoyle, Brendan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proven that, under mild physical assumptions, an isolated stationary relativistic perfect fluid consists of a finite number of cells fibred by invariant annuli or invariant tori. For axially symmetric circular flows it is shown that the fluid consists of cells fibred by rigidly rotating annuli or tori.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, AMS-LATEX, final version
ARAB IDENTIKLIGI VA TARJIMA ADABIYOTI: TANLOV VA TASVIR SIYOSATI
Creators: name: Muhitdinov, Akbarali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Adabiyot arablarning modernizatsiyaga intilishi bilan bog‘liq madaniy, ijtimoiy va siyosiy jarayonlarni tushunishda bebaho vositadir. Ushbu maqola arab identikligining namoyon bo‘lishini tarixiy va zamonaviy arab adabiyoti asarlari hamda ularning yevropa tillariga tarjima jarayonlari orqali o‘rganadi. Bunda ko’plab adabiyotlarning asl nusxasi va tarjimalari alohida o’rganilib tahlil qilib chiqilgan va ilmiy istemolga kiritilgan.
The Complexities of the Interface between Agricultural Policy and Trade
Creators: name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Schmitz, Andrew
name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Schmitz, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Production Economics
subject: agricultural policy
subject: biofuels
subject: export taxes
subject: gains from trade
subject: tariffs

description: Tariff and non-tariff barriers are widespread as applied to agricultural trade. The theory of gains from trade considers the impacts of free trade relative to no trade and to non-tariff barriers, while the theory of agricultural policy generally places little weight on the international trading sector. However, it is necessary to combine agricultural policy with the international trading sector so that agricultural policy instruments such as price supports are considered together with barriers to trade such as tariffs. This is possible within the context of welfare economics when considering the costs and benefits of alternative agricultural and trade policies.
The Complexities of the Interface between Agricultural Policy and Trade: Technical Annex
Creators: name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Schmitz, Andrew
name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Schmitz, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Production Economics
subject: agricultural policy
subject: biofuels
subject: export taxes
subject: gains from trade
subject: tariffs

description: This document is the technical annex to the full paper “The Complexities of the Interface between Agricultural Policy and Trade” which is available separately.
title: Segmentation algorithms for quantitative analysis of functional OCT data
Creators: name: Unterluggauer, Michael
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optische Kohärenztomografie
subject: Medizinische Bildverarbeitung
subject: Segmentierung
subject: Retina
subject: optical coherence tomography
subject: medical image processing
subject: segmentation
subject: retina

description: Mittels funktioneller optischer Kohärenztomografie (OCT) erhält man intrinsischen Gewebs-Kontrast durch welchen wichtige Informationen über Gewebspathologie und dessen Dynamik gewonnen werden können. Im Speziellen werden vaskuläre Strukturen und quantitative Informationen über den Blutfluss mit Hilfe von OCT Angiographie und Doppler OCT erlangt, ohne dabei Kontrastmittel verwenden zu müssen. Quantitative Daten über die Gefäßdichte und Durchblutung hängen jedoch kritisch von einer funktionierenden Segmentierung der zu untersuchenden Strukturen ab. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Adaption und Verbesserung von Segmentierungsalgorithmen, die die Analyse von OCT Angiographie Daten ermöglichen. Bei den Strukturen die näher untersucht wurden, handelt es sich um die Nervenfaserschicht und die Kapillarschichten der Retina. Der Algorithmus wurde einerseits anhand von gesunden in-vivo Daten und andererseits anhand von Bildern verschiedener retinalen Pathologien getestet. Für diese Arbeit wurden ein Segmentierungsalgorithmus für die retinalen Schichten, sowie eine Segmentierung des Sehnervs und der Blutgefäße erarbeitet. Außerdem wurden mikrovaskuläre Druchblutungsparameter definiert und berechnet.
description: Functional optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides intrinsic tissue contrast that yields important information about tissue physiology and dynamics. In particular, OCT Angiography and Doppler OCT provide vascular structure without the need of contrast agents together with the quantitative information on blood flow. However, quantitative data on vascular density and flow critically depend on the proper segmentation of the structures of interest. The aim of the thesis was the adaption and further refinement of segmentation algorithms to analyze OCT angiography data. Particular structures were the retinal nerve fiber layer as well as capillary layers within the neural retina. The performance of the algorithm was tested on healthy in-vivo data as well as on images of different retinal pathologies. For this thesis the retinal layer segmentation was acquired along with an optic nerve head segmentation and a vessel segmentation. Furthermore, microvascular perfusion parameters were defined and calculated.
Uniting low-scale leptogeneses
Creators: name: Klarić, Juraj
name: Shaposhnikov, Mikhail
name: Timiryasov, Inar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we demonstrate that what was previously considered as different mechanisms of baryon asymmetry generation involving two right-handed Majorana neutrinos with masses far below the GUT scale -- leptogenesis via neutrino oscillations and resonant leptogenesis -- are actually united. We show that the observed baryon asymmetry can be generated for all experimentally allowed values of the right-handed neutrino masses above $M_N \gtrsim 100$ MeV. Leptogenesis is effective in a broad range of the parameters, including mass splitting between two right-handed neutrinos as big as $ΔM_N/M_N \sim 0.1$, as well as mixing angles between the heavy and light neutrinos large enough to be accessible to planned intensity experiments or future colliders.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Supplementary Material from The effects of motor modularity on performance, learning and generalizability in upper-extremity reaching: a computational analysis
Creators: name: Borno, Mazen Al
name: Hicks, Jennifer L.
name: Delp, Scott L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: It has been hypothesized that the central nervous system simplifies the production of movement by limiting motor commands to a small set of modules known as muscle synergies. Recently, investigators have questioned whether a low-dimensional controller can produce the rich and flexible behaviours seen in everyday movements. To study this issue, we implemented muscle synergies in a biomechanically realistic model of the human upper extremity and performed computational experiments to determine whether synergies introduced task performance deficits, facilitated the learning of movements, and generalized to different movements. We derived sets of synergies from the muscle excitations our dynamic optimizations computed for a nominal task (reaching in a plane). Then we compared the performance and learning rates of a controller that activated all muscles independently to controllers that activated the synergies derived from the nominal reaching task. We found that a controller based on synergies had errors within 1 cm of a full-dimensional controller and achieved faster learning rates (as estimated from computational time to converge). The synergy-based controllers could also accomplish new tasks—such as reaching to targets on a higher or lower plane, and starting from alternate initial poses—with average errors similar to a full-dimensional controller.
Li-Meng Yan in the spotlights with embarrassing questions to some world-renowned scientists and to expert virologists of the Pasteur Institute
Creators: name: Lounnas, Valère
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Covid-19, SARS-Cov-2 origin, mutations, restriction sites, coronavirus genome manipulations, RaTG13, Pangolin-Cov, Li-Meng Yan

description: Summary for the hurried reader : in this part 3 of chapter 8, we have deepened the initial work of Li-Meng Yan to demonstrate that she is indisputably right on two crucial issues that demonstrate the artificiality of SARS-Cov2. Firstly, we show that the three viruses : SARS-Cov2 (human), RaTG13 (bat) and Pan-Cov-GD (Pangolin-Cov-2020), supposedly from pangolin, share both the EcoRI and BsTEII restriction enzyme sites flanking the receptor binding motif (RBM) of their spike (S) protein. We show that at the end of 2019, the statistics on SARS-Like coronaviruses deposited in Genbank allowed for calculating the odds that this happens simultaneously, in 3 a priori unrelated natural viruses, as 1 chance in 5 billions. Thus, SARS-Cov2 and Pan-Cov-GD are directly related to RaTG13, a virus kept since 2013 at the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV). Secondly, comparing the S protein ratio of synonymous versus non-synonymous mutations between the RaTG13/SARS-Cov2 supposed bat-to-human species crossing pair with the natural RsSHC014/SARS-Cov and Rs3367/SARS-Cov bat-to-human pairs, we demonstrate further the non-natural relationship between SARS-Cov2 and its closest parent RaTG13, pointing to a laboratory manipulation.