Rhaconotinus Hedqvist 1965
Creators: name: Belokobylskij, Sergey A.
name: Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Rhaconotinus

description: Genus Rhaconotinus Hedqvist, 1965
Rhaconotinus Hedqvist, 1965: 8.
Rhaconotinus – Shenefelt & Marsh 1976: 1330. — Belokobylskij 1992: 907 (as synonym of Rhaconotus); 1994a: 340; 2019: 36 (status resurrected). — Yu et al. 2016. — Belokobylskij et al. 2019: 267.
Type species
Rhaconotinus caboverdensis Hedqvist, 1965
Description (Figs 40–43)
HEAD. Head usually weakly transverse. Ocelli arranged in obtuse triangle with base larger than its sides. Frons flat and without median keel. Eyes glabrous. Occipital carina complete dorsally, obliterated below at short distance and not fused ventrally with hypostomal carina. Malar suture absent. Clypeal suture more or less distinct and usually complete. Clypeus with short ventral flange. Hypoclypeal depression medium size, subround. Postgenal bridge narrow. Palps relatively short; maxillary palps 6-segmented, labial palps 4-segmented; third segment of labial palps not shortened. Scapus rather wide, relatively short, without apical lobe and basal constriction. First flagellar segment subcylindrical, relatively slender, not shorter than second segment.
MESOSOMA. Pronotum dorsally more or less distinctly convex, pronotal keel usually distinct. Mesonotum weakly but distinctly and often gently-roundly elevated above pronotum, usually mostly entirely granulate. Notauli deep and complete, sometimes distinctly shallow posteriorly. Scuto-scutellar suture distinct. Prescutellar depression relatively long or short, always with median carina. Sternaulus (precoxal furrow) rather shallow, long, curved. Prepectal carina distinct and complete. Postpectal carina absent. Metanotum with short median subrounded or subpointed tooth. Propodeum with basolateral areas delineated by fine or distinct carinae, without areola; lateral tubercles absent or small; propodeal bridge absent; spiracles small and round.
WINGS. Pterostigma of fore wing long and rather wide. Radial vein (r) arising mostly from middle of pterostigma. Radial (marginal) cell long, never shortened. Both radiomedial veins (2-SR, r-m) present. Recurrent vein (m-cu) postfurcal, sometimes only weakly. Discoidal (discal) cell distinctly petiolate. Nervulus (cu-a) always postfurcal. Brachial (subdiscal) cell closed postero-apically usually before recurrent vein (m-cu). Parallel vein (CU1a) usually interstitial, rarely arising from anterior third (behind middle) of vein closing brachial (subdiscal) cell anteriorly. Hind wing with three hamuli. Radial (marginal) cell without additional transverse vein (r). Medial (basal) cell narrow. Nervellus (cu-a) present. Submedial (subbasal) cell relatively short; first abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) distinctly (0.4–0.6 times) shorter than second abscissa (1-M). Recurrent vein (m-cu) usually present and transparent, rarely almost indistinct.
LEGS. Fore and middle tibiae with distinct, rather thick and short spines arranged in often single longitudinal row. Hind coxa always with distinct basoventral corner and tubercle. Hind femur with low dorsal protuberances. Hind basitarsus 0.5–0.6 times as long as second–fifth segments combined.
METASOMA. Presenting six or seven dorsally visible tergites, but sixth tergite sometimes rather shortly protruding behind fifth one. First tergite not petiolate, wide and relatively short; its dorsope distinct, basolateral lobes small or very small. Acrosternite of first segment about 0.2 times as long as first tergite, its apical margin situated before level of spiracles. Second tergite always without basal area; often with apical lenticular area delineated anteriorly by deep curved furrow and suture posteriorly, sometimes this apical area absent. Second suture distinct, usually regularly curved and crenulate. Second–sixth tergites with separate laterotergites. Sixth or sometimes only fifth tergites often enlarged, usually longer than previous tergite, but not entirely covering following protruding apical segments; usually sculptured at least basally or entirely. Ovipositor usually shorter than metasoma.
Diagnosis
This genus belongs to the group of genera with at least six dorsally visible tergites. Rhaconotinus is very similar to Ipodoryctes Granger but differs from it by the always missing delineated basal area on the second metasomal tergite and the parallel vein (CU1a) of fore wing mainly interstitial.
Composition
This genus currently consists of two subgenera, Rhaconotinus s. str. and Hexarhaconotinus subgen. nov. The following species belong to the nominative subgenus: Rhaconotinus (Rhaconotinus) affinis (Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) andreii (Belokobylskij, 2001) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) antennalis (Szépligeti, 1913) comb. nov. (AF); Rh. (Rh.) austrochinensis nom. nov. (Rhaconotus chinensis Chen & Shi, 2004 (December) nom. praeocc., not Rhaconotus chinensis Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004 (June)) (OR); Rh. (Rh.) bidens (Belokobylskij, 2001) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) caboverdensis (Hedqvist, 1965) stat. et comb. nov. (AF); Rh. (Rh.) chinensis (Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) choenobivorus (Rohwer, 1918) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) concinnus (Enderlein, 1912) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) concolor (Szépligeti, 1908) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) dabacus (Belokobylskij, 2001) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) elegans (Belokobylskij, 2001) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) guineensis (Szépligeti, 1914) comb. nov. (AF); Rh. (Rh.) hei (Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) heterotrichus (Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) insularis (Belokobylskij, 1988) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) intermedius (Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) ipodoryctoides (Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) iterabilis (Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004) (PA, OR); Rh. (Rh.) lacertosus (Chen & Shi, 2004) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) luteosetosus (Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) menippus (Nixon, 1939) comb. nov. (= Rhaconotus decaryi Granger, 1949) (OR, AF); Rh. (Rh.) nadezhdae (Tobias & Belokobylskij, 1981) (PA, OR); Rh. (Rh.) orientalis (Szépligeti, 1913) comb. nov. (AF); Rh. (Rh.) perakensis (Belokobylskij, 2001) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) persimilis (Szépligeti, 1911) comb. nov. (AF); Rh. (Rh.) philippinensis (Belokobylskij, 2001) comb. nov. (OR); Rh. (Rh.) striatus (Szépligeti, 1911) comb. nov. (AF); Rh. (Rh.) tianmushanus (Belokobylskij & Chen, 2004) comb. nov. (OR).
Hosts
Coleoptera: Cylas puncticollis Boheman, 1833, Hypolixus truncatulus (Fabricius, 1798), Lixus sp., Peloropus batatae Marshall, 1927, Pempheres affinis Faust, 1898 (Curculionidae).
Lepidoptera: Chilo suppressalis (Walker, 1863), Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker, 1863) S. nivella (Fabricius, 1794) (Crambidae); Sesamia inferens (Walker, 1856) (Noctuidae).
Distribution
Afrotropical, Oriental and Palaearctic regions.
Remarks
This genus was restored in status by Belokobylskij (2019) and Belokobylskij et al. (2019) based on phylogenetic affinity (Jasso-Martínez et al. 2019).
description: Published as part of Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro, 2021, Reclassification of the doryctine tribe Rhaconotini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), pp. 1-168 in European Journal of Taxonomy 741 on pages 107-109, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.741.1289, http://zenodo.org/record/4649681