cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interplanetary Nanodust Detection by the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory/WAVES Low Frequency Receiver
Creators: name: Chat, G. Le
name: Zaslavsky, A.
name: Meyer-Vernet, N.
name: Issautier, K.
name: Belheouane, S.
name: Pantellini, F.
name: Maksimovic, M.
name: Zouganelis, I.
name: Bale, S. D.
name: Kasper, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New measurements using radio and plasma-wave instruments in interplanetary space have shown that nanometer-scale dust, or nanodust, is a significant contributor to the total mass in interplanetary space. Better measurements of nanodust will allow us to determine where it comes from and the extent to which it interacts with the solar wind. When one of these nanodust grains impacts a spacecraft, it creates an expanding plasma cloud, which perturbs the photoelectron currents. This leads to a voltage pulse between the spacecraft body and the antenna. Nanodust has a high charge/mass ratio, and therefore can be accelerated by the interplanetary magnetic field to speeds up to the speed of the solar wind: significantly faster than the Keplerian orbital speeds of heavier dust. The amplitude of the signal induced by a dust grain grows much more strongly with speed than with mass of the dust particle. As a result, nanodust can produce a strong signal, despite their low mass. The WAVES instruments on the twin Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory spacecraft have observed interplanetary nanodust particles since shortly after their launch in 2006. After describing a new and improved analysis of the last five years of STEREO/WAVES Low Frequency Receiver data, a statistical survey of the nanodust characteristics, namely the rise time of the pulse voltage and the flux of nanodust, is presented. Agreement with previous measurements and interplanetary dust models is shown. The temporal variations of the nanodust flux are also discussed.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Charge doping versus disorder in CeFeAsO: do the in- and out-of-plane dilutions play the same role?
Creators: name: Prando, G.
name: Vakaliuk, O.
name: Sanna, S.
name: Lamura, G.
name: Shiroka, T.
name: Bonfà, P.
name: Carretta, P.
name: De Renzi, R.
name: Klauss, H. -H.
name: Wurmehl, S.
name: Hess, C.
name: Büchner, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide direct experimental evidence for the identical effect of the in-plane Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$ and of the out-of-plane O$_{1-x}$F$_{x}$ chemical dilutions on the itinerant spin-density-wave (SDW) magnetic phase in CeFeAsO. Remarkably, the suppression of SDW is not sensitive at all to the different kinds of disorder introduced in the two cases. Still, it is clearly shown that the sizeable in-plane disorder induced by the Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$ substitution is highly effective in suppressing $T_{\textrm{c}}$. Differently from what is observed in CeFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_{x}$, the ordered magnetic phase of the Ce sublattice is preserved throughout the whole phase diagram in CeFe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$AsO ($x \leq 0.2$). An intriguing effect is encountered, whereby the magnetic coupling among Ce$^{3+}$ ions is enhanced by the superconducting phase.
description: 8 pages (Main text: 4 pages. Paper merged with supplemental information)
Geometry of Prym semicanonical pencils and an application to cubic threefolds
Creators: name: Lahoz, Martí
name: Naranjo, Juan Carlos
name: Rojas, Andrés
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the moduli space $\mathcal{R}_g$ of double étale covers of curves of a fixed genus $g$, the locus formed by covers of curves with a semicanonical pencil consists of two irreducible divisors $\mathcal T^e_g$ and $\mathcal T^o_g$. We study the Prym map on these divisors, which shows significant differences between them and has a rich geometry in the cases of low genus. In particular, the analysis of $\mathcal T^o_5$ has enumerative consequences for lines on cubic threefolds.
description: Fixed an inaccuracy in Theorem A and Section 3, and improved the exposition. Final version, to appear in Mathematische Nachrichten
A machine learning framework for LES closure terms
Creators: name: Kurz, Marius
name: Beck, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the present work, we explore the capability of artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the closure terms for large eddy simulations (LES) solely from coarse-scale data. To this end, we derive a consistent framework for LES closure models, with special emphasis laid upon the incorporation of implicit discretization-based filters and numerical approximation errors. We investigate implicit filter types, which are inspired by the solution representation of discontinuous Galerkin and finite volume schemes and mimic the behaviour of the discretization operator, and a global Fourier cutoff filter as a representative of a typical explicit LES filter. Within the perfect LES framework, we compute the exact closure terms for the different LES filter functions from direct numerical simulation results of decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence. Multiple ANN with a multilayer perceptron (MLP) or a gated recurrent unit (GRU) architecture are trained to predict the computed closure terms solely from coarse-scale input data. For the given application, the GRU architecture clearly outperforms the MLP networks in terms of accuracy, whilst reaching up to 99.9% cross-correlation between the networks' predictions and the exact closure terms for all considered filter functions. The GRU networks are also shown to generalize well across different LES filters and resolutions. The present study can thus be seen as a starting point for the investigation of data-based modeling approaches for LES, which not only include the physical closure terms, but account for the discretization effects in implicitly filtered LES as well.
Protecting Online Documents from an Unauthorized External Access (in Bulgarian)
Creators: name: Kalmukov, Yordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The modern multi-tier web applications and information systems store and process various types of data. Some of them are stored in a database, controlled by an external database management system, while other data are stored directly within the server's file system. The database is secured by the database management system itself, but it is a programmer's responsibility to design and develop a security protection of the files managed by the information system. This paper summarizes the existing and suggests new rules for design and implementation of an in-depth security protection of file resources, published on the Internet, from an unauthorized external access. The paper is in Bulgarian.
description: in Bulgarian
Sequence stratigraphy, sedimentology, and correlation of the undifferentiated Cambrian dolomites of the Grand Canyon and Lake Mead area
Creators: name: Korolev, Viacheslav Sergeevich
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 1997

description: In the Grand Canyon and Lake Mead areas of Nevada, Arizona and Utah, there is a light-colored dolomite succession that conformably overlies the Cambrian Muav Limestone; McKee (1945) referred to these rocks as undifferentiated Cambrian dolomites, and their age and correlation have remained uncertain. Seven stratigraphic sections were studied, including those at Quartermaster Canyon, Mile-269 Canyon, Diamond Bar Ranch, Devil's Cove, Tramp Ridge, Whitney Ridge, and Frenchman Mountain. The thickness of the undifferentiated dolomites increases to the west from 78 meters at Diamond Bar Ranch to 371 meters at Frenchman Mountain. In the Grand Canyon area, the undifferentiated dolomites are unconformably overlain by Devonian rocks, while in craton-margin sections the undifferentiated dolomites are conformably overlain by the Upper Cambrian Nopah Formation; Within the undifferentiated dolomites eight depositional facies were established: (1) burrow-mottled facies; (2) flat-pebble grainstone facies; (3) stromatolite facies; (4) oolitic-grainstone facies; (5) bioclastic-grainstone facies; (6) ribbon-rock facies; (7) nodular facies; and (8) laminite facies. The depositional environment represented by each facies was established; I identified seven depositional sequences within the undifferentiated dolomite succession. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
The public debt multiplier
Creators: name: Albonico, Alice
name: Ascari, Guido
name: Gobbi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study the effects on economic activity of a pure temporary change in government debt and the relationship between the debt multiplier and the level of debt in an overlapping generations framework. The debt multiplier is positive but quite small during normal times while it is much larger during crises. Moreover, it increases with the steady state level of debt. Hence, the call for fiscal consolidation during recessions seems ill-advised. Finally, a rise in the steady state debt-to-GDP level increases the steady state real interest rate providing more room for manoeuvre to monetary policy to fight deflationary shocks.
On mathematical aspects of evolution of dislocation density in metallic materials
Creators: name: Czyżewska, Natalia
name: Kusiak, Jan
name: Morkisz, Paweł
name: Oprocha, Piotr
name: Pietrzyk, Maciej
name: Przybyłowicz, Paweł
name: Rauch, Łukasz
name: Szeliga, Danuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper deals with the solution of delay differential equations describing evolution of dislocation density in metallic materials. Hardening, restoration, and recrystallization characterizing the evolution of dislocation populations provide the essential equation of the model. The last term transforms ordinary differential equation (ODE) into delay differential equation (DDE) with strong (in general, Hölder) nonlinearity. We prove upper error bounds for the explicit Euler method, under the assumption that the right-hand side function is Hölder continuous and monotone which allows us to compare accuracy of other numerical methods in our model (e.g. Runge-Kutta), in particular when explicit formulas for solutions are not known. Finally, we test the above results in simulations of real industrial process.
Descriptive experience sampling of individuals with high natural rates of speech
Creators: name: Koch, Margie G
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 1997

description: This study employed the descriptive experience sampling method to investigate inner experiences of seven fast talkers. Subjects who identified themselves as very fast talkers on a questionnaire then told a standardized story, during which their speech rate was measured. Subjects with high measured rates were then asked to use the descriptive experience sampling method to record inner experiences (thoughts, images, and feelings) in a notebook when randomly signaled by a programmed beeper. The subjects and investigators discussed each sample in detail. Salient characteristics were identified for each subject. Salient characteristics shared across subjects were identified: fast talkers samples were characterized by information in their inner experience at any one moment, including multiple experiences and inner images. Additionally, all of the subjects identified unsymbolized thinking as the most frequently occurring single characteristic. Emotional feelings were often experienced as mental events rather then bodily occurrences.
Images of integration operators in weighted function spaces
Creators: name: Ushakova, Elena P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47G10, 42C40

description: Images of integration operators of natural orders are considered as elements of Besov and Triebel--Lizorkin spaces with local Muckenhoupt weights on $\mathbb{R}^N$. The results connect entropy and approximation numbers of embedding operators with the same characteristics of the integration operators.
Formation of salts and molecular ionic cocrystals of fluoroquinolones and α,ω-Dicarboxylic acids
Creators: name: O'Malley, Ciaran
name: McArdle, Patrick
name: Erxleben, Andrea
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The cocrystallization of the fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin (cip), norfloxacin (nor), and enrofloxacin (enro) with the α,ω-dicarboxylicacids glutaric acid (glu), adipic acid (adi), pimelic acid (pim), suberic acid (sub), azeliac acid (az), and sebacic acid (seb) resulted in 27 new molecular salts and ternary molecular ionic cocrystals of compositions A+B−, A2+B2−,A2+B2−B, and A+B−A. Depending on the solvent, different stoichiomorphs,solvates, or polymorphs were obtained. All salts and cocrystals contain the robust R2NH2+...−OOC or R3NH+...−OOC synthon but have different supramolecular ring motifs. Moderate solubility enhancements over the parent fluoroquinolones were observed. Salts in the ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 were also prepared by ball-milling. The milled sample nor/az (1:1) was shown to gel the GRAS (generally recognized as safe) solvent propylene glycol, and enro/sub (1:1) was shown to gel both propylene glycol and water. Dynamic rheology measurements confirmed that nor/az and enro/sub behave like viscoelastic materials and supramolecular gels.
Biological Evolution in a Multidimensional Fitness Landscape
Creators: name: Saakian, David B.
name: Kirakosyan, Zara
name: Hu, Chin-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We considered a {multi-block} molecular model of biological evolution, in which fitness is a function of the mean types of alleles located at different parts (blocks) of the genome. We formulated an infinite population model with selection and mutation, and calculated the mean fitness. For the case of recombination, we formulated a model with a multidimensional fitness landscape (the dimension of the space is equal to the number of blocks) and derived a theorem about the dynamics of initially narrow distribution. We also considered the case of lethal mutations. We also formulated the finite population version of the model in the case of lethal mutations. Our models, derived for the virus evolution, are interesting also for the statistical mechanics and the Hamilton-Jacobi equation as well.
description: 8 pages
Estimating arrival time of Earth-directed CMEs at \textit{in-situ} spacecraft using COR & HI observations from STEREO
Creators: name: Mishra, Wageesh
name: Srivastava, Nandita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prediction of the arrival time and transit speed of CMEs near the Earth is one of the key problems in understanding the solar terrestrial relationship. Although, STEREO observations now provide a multiple view of CMEs in the heliosphere, the true speeds derived from stereoscopic reconstruction of SECCHI coronagraph data are not quite sufficient in accurate forecasting of arrival time of a majority of CMEs at the Earth. This is due to many factors which change the CME kinematics, like interaction of two or more CMEs or the interaction of CMEs with the pervading solar wind. In order to understand the propagation of CMEs, we have used the 3D triangulation method on SECCHI coronagraph (COR2) images, and geometric triangulation on the J-maps constructed from Heliospheric Imagers HI1 and HI2 images for eight Earth-directed CMEs observed during 2008-2010. Based on the reconstruction, and implementing the Drag Based Model for the distance where the CMEs could not be tracked unambiguously in the interplanetary medium, the arrival time of these CMEs have been estimated. These arrival times have also been compared with the actual arrival time as observed by \textit{in-situ} instruments. The analysis reveals the importance of heliospheric imaging for improved forecasting of the arrival time and direction of propagation of CMEs in the interplanetary medium.
description: 54 pages, 20 figures, ApJ, in press
Activity in the lunar surface: Transient Lunar Phenomena
Creators: name: AF, Cruz Roa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient Lunar Phenomena (TLP) observed on the surface of the moon, are of high rarity, low repetition rate and very short observation times, resulting in that there is little information about this topic. This necessitates the importance of studying them in detail. They have been observed as very bright clouds of gases of past geological lunar activity. According its duration, there have been registered in different colors (yellow, orange, red). Its size can vary from a few to hundreds of kilometers. The TLP Usually occur in certain locations as in some craters (Aristarchus, Plato, Kepler, etc.) and at the edges of lunar maria (Sea of Fecundity, Alps hills area, etc.). The exposure time of a TLP can vary from a few seconds to a little more than one hour. In this paper, a literature review of the TLP is made to build a theory from the existing reports and scientific hypotheses, trying to unify and synthesize data and concepts that are scattered by different lunar research lines. The TLP need to be explained from celestial mechanics and planetary astrophysics to explain the possible causes from phenomena such as outgassing moon, moonquakes and the gravitational interaction. Extrapolating these hypothetical physical knowledge, arguments are exposed for Lunar degassing theory showing this as the most consistent. It is build also a the theory of how to observe, describe, explain and predict the TLP.
description: 14 pages, 9 images, 2 tables, paper presented at the 2012 CIAA Iquique - Chile
Non-contact method for measurement of the microwave conductivity of graphene
Creators: name: Hao, L
name: Gallop, J
name: Goniszewski, S
name: Gregory, A
name: Shaforost, O
name: Klein, N
name: Yakimova, R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 00

description: We report a non-contact method for conductivity and sheet resistance measurements of graphene samples using a high Q microwave dielectric resonator perturbation technique, with the aim of fast and accurate measurement of microwave conductivity and sheet resistance of monolayer and few layers graphene samples. The dynamic range of the microwave conductivity measurements makes this technique sensitive to a wide variety of imperfections and impurities and can provide a rapid non-contacting characterisation method. Typically the graphene samples are supported on a low-loss dielectric substrate, such as quartz, sapphire or SiC. This substrate is suspended in the near-field region of a small high Q sapphire puck microwave resonator. The presence of the graphene perturbs both centre frequency and Q value of the microwave resonator. The measured data may be interpreted in terms of the real and imaginary components of the permittivity, and by calculation, the conductivity and sheet resistance of the graphene. The method has great sensitivity and dynamic range. Results are reported for graphene samples grown by three different methods: reduced graphene oxide (GO), chemical vapour deposition (CVD) and graphene grown epitaxially on SiC. The latter method produces much higher conductivity values than the others.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures and 2 tables
Face Identification Proficiency Test Designed Using Item Response Theory
Creators: name: Jeckeln, Géraldine
name: Hu, Ying
name: Cavazos, Jacqueline G.
name: Yates, Amy N.
name: Hahn, Carina A.
name: Tang, Larry
name: Phillips, P. Jonathon
name: O'Toole, Alice J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Measures of face-identification proficiency are essential to ensure accurate and consistent performance by professional forensic face examiners and others who perform face-identification tasks in applied scenarios. Current proficiency tests rely on static sets of stimulus items, and so, cannot be administered validly to the same individual multiple times. To create a proficiency test, a large number of items of "known" difficulty must be assembled. Multiple tests of equal difficulty can be constructed then using subsets of items. We introduce the Triad Identity Matching (TIM) test and evaluate it using Item Response Theory (IRT). Participants view face-image "triads" (N=225) (two images of one identity, one image of a different identity) and select the different identity. In Experiment 1, university students (N=197) showed wide-ranging accuracy on the TIM test, and IRT modeling demonstrated that the TIM items span various difficulty levels. In Experiment 2, we used IRT-based item metrics to partition the test into subsets of specific difficulties. Simulations showed that subsets of the TIM items yielded reliable estimates of subject ability. In Experiments 3a and 3b, we found that the student-derived IRT model reliably evaluated the ability of non-student participants and that ability generalized across different test sessions. In Experiment 3c, we show that TIM test performance correlates with other common face-recognition tests. In summary, the TIM test provides a starting point for developing a framework that is flexible and calibrated to measure proficiency across various ability levels (e.g., professionals or populations with face-processing deficits).
description: 20 pages (including references), 10 figures
Spectroscopic parameters of phosphine, PH3, in its ground vibrational state
Creators: name: Müller, Holger S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state rotational spectrum of PH3 has been reanalyzed taking into account recently published very accurate data from sub-Doppler and conventional absorption spectroscopy measurements as well as previous data from the radio-frequency to the far-infrared regions. These data include Delta(J) = Delta(K) = 0 transitions between A1 and A2 levels, Delta(J) = 0, Delta(K) = 3 transitions as well as regular Delta(J) = 1, Delta(K) = 0 rotational transitions. Hyperfine splitting caused by the 31P and 1H nuclei has been considered, and the treatment of the A1/A2 splitting has been discussed briefly. Improved spectroscopic parameters have been obtained. Interestingly, the most pronounced effects occured for the hyperfine parameters.
description: 6 pages, no figure, 1 table, Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, accepted
Difference-restriction algebras of partial functions: axiomatisations and representations
Creators: name: Borlido, Célia
name: McLean, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the representation and complete representation classes for algebras of partial functions with the signature of relative complement and domain restriction. We provide and prove the correctness of a finite equational axiomatisation for the class of algebras representable by partial functions. As a corollary, the same equations axiomatise the algebras representable as injective partial functions. For complete representations, we show that a representation is meet complete if and only if it is join complete. Then we show that the class of completely representable algebras is precisely the class of atomic and representable algebras. As a corollary, the same properties axiomatise the class of algebras completely representable by injective partial functions. The universal-existential-universal axiomatisation this yields for these complete representation classes is the simplest possible, in the sense that no existential-universal-existential axiomatisation exists.
description: 32 pages. Sections 3 and 4 have been re-arranged
title: Ein Bad im Jungbrunnen. Zur Restaurierung des König-Karls-Bades in Bad Wildbad
Creators: name: Boeyng, Ulrich
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 44, Nr. 2 (2015), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Knut Stegmann: Das Bauunternehmen Dyckerhoff & Widmann. Zu den Anfängen des Betonbaus in Deutschland 1865 – 1918
Creators: name: Veihelmann, Karen
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 44, Nr. 2 (2015), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Neuerscheinung
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 44, Nr. 2 (2015), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Tunneling through a parabolic barrier viewed from Wigner phase space
Creators: name: Heim, D. M.
name: Schleich, W. P.
name: Alsing, P. M.
name: Dahl, J. P.
name: Varro, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the tunneling of a particle through a repulsive potential resulting from an inverted harmonic oscillator in the quantum mechanical phase space described by the Wigner function. In particular, we solve the partial differential equations in phase space determining the Wigner function of an energy eigenstate of the inverted oscillator. The reflection or transmission coefficients $R$ or $T$ are then given by the total weight of all classical phase space trajectories corresponding to energies below, or above the top of the barrier given by the Wigner function.
title: Anwendung von RFID in Bibliotheken
Creators: name: Stoyanova, Tonka
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Die RFID-Technik hat inzwischen eine mehrere Jahrzehnte lange Geschichte und entwickelt sich noch immer weiter. Die damit mögliche kontaktlose Identifikation von Objekten hat auch im Bibliotheksbereich mittlerweile eine breite Anwendung gefunden. Dieser Artikel beleuchtet die unterschiedlichen Anwendungsgebiete: Es werden die Anwendungen erläutert die aufgrund ihrer Einsparungsmöglichkeiten am weitesten verbreitet sind, wie Ausleihe, Rückgabe und Mediensicherung. Auch weniger gebräuchliche Einsatzgebiete werden untersucht, wie die Anwendung in Geschäftsgängen und im Monitoring von Medien und Nutzerarbeitsplätze. Einige interessante Möglichkeiten ergeben sich zudem durch die Kombination von RFID-Technik mit NFC-fähigen Smartphones oder den elektronischen Personalausweis. Die Vielzahl der Möglichkeiten ist verblüffend und wird zukünftig sicher noch weiter wachsen.
description: Perspektive Bibliothek, Bd. 4, Nr. 1 (2015), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Bände pro Jahr: 1
Phase diagram of the isotropic spin-3/2 model on the z=3 Bethe lattice
Creators: name: Depenbrock, Stefan
name: Pollmann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an SU(2) symmetric spin-3/2 model on the z=3 Bethe lattice using the infinite Time Evolving Block Decimation (iTEBD) method. This model is shown to exhibit a rich phase diagram. We compute the expectation values of several order parameters which allow us to identify a ferromagnetic, a ferrimagnetic, a anti-ferromagnetic as well as a dimerized phase. We calculate the entanglement spectra from which we conclude the existence of a symmetry protected topological phase that is characterized by S=1/2 edge spins. Details of the iTEBD algorithm used for the simulations are included.
A General Cardinality Estimation Framework for Subgraph Matching in Property Graphs
Creators: name: van Leeuwen, Wilco
name: Fletcher, George
name: Yakovets, Nikolay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many techniques have been developed for the cardinality estimation problem in data management systems. In this document, we introduce a framework for cardinality estimation of query patterns over property graph databases, which makes it possible to analyze, compare and combine different cardinality estimation approaches. This framework consists of three phases: obtaining a set of estimates for some subqueries, extending this set and finally combining the set into a single cardinality estimate for the query. We show that (parts of) many of the existing cardinality estimation approaches can be used as techniques in one of the phases from our framework. The three phases are loosely coupled, this makes it possible to combine (parts of) current cardinality estimation approaches. We create a graph version of the Join Order Benchmark to perform experiments with different combinations of techniques. The results show that query patterns without property constraints can be accurately estimated using synopses for small patterns. Accurate estimation of query patterns with property constraints require new estimation techniques to be developed that capture correlations between the property constraints and the topology in graph databases.
Nucleon Structure and Strong Interactions in Dark Matter Capture in Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Bell, Nicole F.
name: Busoni, Giorgio
name: Motta, Theo F.
name: Robles, Sandra
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
name: Virgato, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline two important effects that are missing from most evaluations of the dark matter capture rate in neutron stars. As dark matter scattering with nucleons in the star involves large momentum transfer, nucleon structure must be taken into account via a momentum dependence of the hadronic form factors. In addition, due to the high density of neutron star matter, we should account for nucleon interactions rather than modeling the nucleons as an ideal Fermi gas. Properly incorporating these effects is found to suppress the dark matter capture rate by up to four orders of magnitude for the heaviest stars.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Contains erratum in the last 2 pages
Non-abelian U-duality at work
Creators: name: Musaev, Edvard T.
name: Sakatani, Yuho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-abelian U-duality originates from the construction of exceptional Drinfel'd algebra (EDA), which extends the constriction of the classical Drinfel'd double. This symmetry is a natural extension of Poisson--Lie T-duality and is believed to be a symmetry of Type II string/M-theory or their low-energy effective theories. In this paper, we consider non-abelian U-dualities of 11- or 10-dimensional backgrounds starting with E${}_{n(n)}$ EDA with $n\leq 6$ with vanishing trombone gauging. The latter guarantees that all dual backgrounds satisfy the standard supergravity equations of motion. In particular, when the duality includes a timelike T-duality, we obtain solutions of M$^*$-theory or Type II$^*$ background equations, as expected. Also starting with coboundary EDA's we provide examples of generalised Yang--Baxter deformations of M-theory and Type IIB backgrounds. The obtained results provide explicit examples when non-abelian U-duality works well as a solution generating transformation.
description: 36p
The sharp lower bound of the first Dirichlet eigenvalue for geodesic balls
Creators: name: Wang, Haibin
name: Xu, Guoyi
name: Zhou, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: On complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvature, Li-Schoen proved the uniform Poincare inequality for any ge odesic ball. In this note, we obtain the sharp lower bound of the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of such geodesic balls, which implies the sharp Poincare inequality for geodesic balls.
description: to appear in Math Z
Pulsar Spin-Velocity Alignment: Kinematic Ages, Birth Periods and Braking Indices
Creators: name: Noutsos, Aristeidis
name: Schnitzeler, Dominic
name: Keane, Evan
name: Kramer, Michael
name: Johnston, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a detailed investigation of the dependence of pulsar spin-velocity alignment, which has been observed for a sample of 58 pulsars, on pulsar age. At first, our study considers only pulsar characteristic ages, resulting in no change in the degree of correlation as a function of age, up to at least 100 Myr. Subsequently, we consider a more reliable estimate of pulsar age, the kinematic age, assuming that pulsars are born near the Galactic plane. We derive kinematic ages for 52 pulsars, based on the measured pulsar proper motions and positions, by modelling the trajectory of the pulsars in a Galactic potential. The sample of 52 pulsar kinematic ages constitutes the largest number of independently estimated pulsar ages to date. Using only the 33 most reliable kinematic ages from our simulations, we revisit the evolution of spin- velocity alignment, this time as a function of kinematic age. We find that the strong correlation seen in young pulsars is completely smeared out for pulsars with kinematic ages above 10 Myr, a length of time beyond which we expect the gravitational pull of the Galaxy to have a significant effect on the directions of pulsar velocities. In the discussion, we investigate the impact of large distance uncertainties on the reliability of the calculated kinematic ages. Furthermore, we present a detailed investigation of the implications of our revised pulsar ages for the braking-index and birth-period distributions. Finally, we discuss the predictions of various SN-kick mechanisms and their compatibility with our results.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures, MNRAS accepted
Hybrid Genetic Search for the CVRP: Open-Source Implementation and SWAP* Neighborhood
Creators: name: Vidal, Thibaut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The vehicle routing problem is one of the most studied combinatorial optimization topics, due to its practical importance and methodological interest. Yet, despite extensive methodological progress, many recent studies are hampered by the limited access to simple and efficient open-source solution methods. Given the sophistication of current algorithms, reimplementation is becoming a difficult and time-consuming exercise that requires extensive care for details to be truly successful. Against this background, we use the opportunity of this short paper to introduce a simple -- open-source -- implementation of the hybrid genetic search (HGS) specialized to the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP). This state-of-the-art algorithm uses the same general methodology as Vidal et al. (2012) but also includes additional methodological improvements and lessons learned over the past decade of research. In particular, it includes an additional neighborhood called SWAP* which consists in exchanging two customers between different routes without an insertion in place. As highlighted in our study, an efficient exploration of SWAP* moves significantly contributes to the performance of local searches. Moreover, as observed in experimental comparisons with other recent approaches on the classical instances of Uchoa et al. (2017), HGS still stands as a leading metaheuristic regarding solution quality, convergence speed, and conceptual simplicity.
Sub-Graph p-cycle formation for span failures in all-Optical Networks
Creators: name: Lohani, Varsha
name: Sharma, Anjali
name: Singh, Yatindra Nath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: p-Cycles offer ring-like switching speed and mesh-like spare capacity efficiency for protecting network against link failures. This makes them extremely efficient and effective protection technique. p-Cycles can also protect all the links in a network against simultaneous failures of multiple links. But it has been mostly studied for single link failure scenarios in the networks with the objective to minimize spare capacity under the condition of100% restorability. For large networks, use of p-cycles is difficult because their optimization requires an excessive amount of time as the number of variables in the corresponding Integer Linear Program (ILP) increase with the increase in the network size. In a real-time network situation,setting up a highly efficient protection in a short time is essential.Thus, we introduce a network sub-graphing approach, in which a network is segmented into smaller parts based on certain network attributes. Then, an optimal solution is found for each sub-graph. Finally, the solutions for all the sub-graphs is combined to get a sub-optimal solution for the whole network. We achieved better computational efficiency at the expense of marginal spare capacity increases with this approach.
Automatic structures for subsemigroups of Baumslag--Solitar semigroups
Creators: name: Cain, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M05 (Primary) 20F05 20M35 68Q45 (Secondary)

description: This paper studies automatic structures for subsemigroups of Baumslag--Solitar semigroups (that is, semigroups presented by $\ < x,y \mid (yx^m, x^ny)\ >$, where $m$ and $n$ are natural numbers). A geometric argument (a rarity in the field of automatic semigroups) is used to show that if $m \gt n$, all of the finitely generated subsemigroups of this semigroup are [right-] automatic. If $m \lt n$, all of its finitely generated subsemigroups are left-automatic. If $m = n$, there exist finitely generated subsemigroups that are not automatic. An appendix discusses the implications of these results for the theory of Malcev presentations. (A Malcev presentation is a special type of presentation for semigroups embeddable into groups.)
description: 15 pages; 8 figures
Perceptions of importance and performance: A study of University of Nevada, Las Vegas Hotel College Master's alumni
Creators: name: Lamb, Michael F
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 1997

description: The purpose of this research was to analyze the graduate program in the William F. Harrah College of Hotel Administration at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas with regard to its success in preparing Master's graduates for careers in the hospitality industry. All graduates of the program's 13 year history were surveyed through the mail and 58% returned valid surveys. Respondents were asked to render opinions as to the relative importance 46 competencies had on their professions. The alumni were then asked to evaluate those same competencies on the basis of how well UNLV taught the skills; The responses were coded into SPSS and an analysis of variance was conducted to determine if different demographic groups perceived the competencies in significantly different ways. It was determined that females placed a significantly higher level of importance on competencies having to do with human resources than do males. In addition, respondents who fell into the highest income brackets tended to perceive that UNLV did a poorer job presenting financial competencies than did respondents from lower income brackets. More research was recommended to determine if these results are applicable on a more universal scale.
Global bifurcation of capillary-gravity water waves with overhanging profiles and arbitrary vorticity
Creators: name: Wahlén, Erik
name: Weber, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study two-dimensional periodic capillary-gravity water waves propagating at the free surface of water in a flow with arbitrary, prescribed vorticity over a flat bed. Using conformal mappings and a new Babenko-type reformulation of Bernoulli's equation, the problem is equivalently cast into the form "identity plus compact", which is amenable to Rabinowitz' global bifurcation theorem, while no restrictions on the geometry of the surface profile and no assumptions regarding the absence of stagnation points in the flow have to be made. Within the scope of this new formulation, local and global solution curves, bifurcating from laminar flows with a flat surface, are constructed.
Spectral decoupling allows training transferable neural networks in medical imaging
Creators: name: Pohjonen, Joona
name: Stürenberg, Carolin
name: Rannikko, Antti
name: Mirtti, Tuomas
name: Pitkänen, Esa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many current neural networks for medical imaging generalise poorly to data unseen during training. Such behaviour can be caused by networks overfitting easy-to-learn, or statistically dominant, features while disregarding other potentially informative features. For example, indistinguishable differences in the sharpness of the images from two different scanners can degrade the performance of the network significantly. All neural networks intended for clinical practice need to be robust to variation in data caused by differences in imaging equipment, sample preparation and patient populations. To address these challenges, we evaluate the utility of spectral decoupling as an implicit bias mitigation method. Spectral decoupling encourages the neural network to learn more features by simply regularising the networks' unnormalised prediction scores with an L2 penalty, thus having no added computational costs. We show that spectral decoupling allows training neural networks on datasets with strong spurious correlations and increases networks' robustness for data distribution shifts. To validate our findings, we train networks with and without spectral decoupling to detect prostate cancer tissue slides and COVID-19 in chest radiographs. Networks trained with spectral decoupling achieve up to 9.5 percent point higher performance on external datasets. Our results show that spectral decoupling helps with generalisation issues associated with neural networks, and can be used to complement or replace computationally expensive explicit bias mitigation methods, such as stain normalization in histological images. We recommend using spectral decoupling as an implicit bias mitigation method in any neural network intended for clinical use.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures and 2 tables
On the structure of the class NP
Creators: name: Plotnikov, Anatoly D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68Q15, 03F20

description: A new class UF of problems is introduced, strictly included in the class NP, which arises in the analysis of the time verifying the intermediate results of computations. The implications of the introduction of this class are considered. First of all, we prove that $P\not= NP$ and establish that it needs to consider the problem "P vs UF" instead the problem "P vs NP". Also, we determine the set-theoretical of properties of a one-way functions that used in cryptology.
description: 7 pages, 7 references
The cross-product conjecture for width two posets
Creators: name: Chan, Swee Hong
name: Pak, Igor
name: Panova, Greta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A20 (Primary) 05A30, 06A07, 06A11 (Secondary)

description: The cross--product conjecture (CPC) of Brightwell, Felsner and Trotter (1995) is a two-parameter quadratic inequality for the number of linear extensions of a poset $P= (X, \prec)$ with given value differences on three distinct elements in $X$. We give two different proofs of this inequality for posets of width two. The first proof is algebraic and generalizes CPC to a four-parameter family. The second proof is combinatorial and extends CPC to a $q$-analogue. Further applications include relationships between CPC and other poset inequalities, including a new $q$-analogue of the Kahn--Saks inequality.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures. Counterexamples to Conjecture 11.2, 11.3, and 11.4 in v2 were found, and are now included in Section 11.5 and 11.10 of v3. To appear in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc
A Framework and Benchmarking Study for Counterfactual Generating Methods on Tabular Data
Creators: name: Mazzine, Raphael
name: Martens, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Counterfactual explanations are viewed as an effective way to explain machine learning predictions. This interest is reflected by a relatively young literature with already dozens of algorithms aiming to generate such explanations. These algorithms are focused on finding how features can be modified to change the output classification. However, this rather general objective can be achieved in different ways, which brings about the need for a methodology to test and benchmark these algorithms. The contributions of this work are manifold: First, a large benchmarking study of 10 algorithmic approaches on 22 tabular datasets is performed, using 9 relevant evaluation metrics. Second, the introduction of a novel, first of its kind, framework to test counterfactual generation algorithms. Third, a set of objective metrics to evaluate and compare counterfactual results. And finally, insight from the benchmarking results that indicate which approaches obtain the best performance on what type of dataset. This benchmarking study and framework can help practitioners in determining which technique and building blocks most suit their context, and can help researchers in the design and evaluation of current and future counterfactual generation algorithms. Our findings show that, overall, there's no single best algorithm to generate counterfactual explanations as the performance highly depends on properties related to the dataset, model, score and factual point specificities.