cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum advantage using high-dimensional twisted photons as quantum finite automata
Creators: name: Plachta, Stephen Z. D.
name: Hiekkamäki, Markus
name: Yakaryılmaz, Abuzer
name: Fickler, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum finite automata (QFA) are basic computational devices that make binary decisions using quantum operations. They are known to be exponentially memory efficient compared to their classical counterparts. Here, we demonstrate an experimental implementation of multi-qubit QFAs using the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of single photons. We implement different high-dimensional QFAs encoded on a single photon, where multiple qubits operate in parallel without the need for complicated multi-partite operations. Using two to eight OAM quantum states to implement up to four parallel qubits, we show that a high-dimensional QFA is able to detect the prime numbers 5 and 11 while outperforming classical finite automata in terms of the required memory. Our work benefits from the ease of encoding, manipulating, and deciphering multi-qubit states encoded in the OAM degree of freedom of single photons, demonstrating the advantages structured photons provide for complex quantum information tasks.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Feasibility of mechanically driven night ventilation in a high profile office building
Creators: name: Laverge, Jelle
name: Janssens, Arnold
name: Van Londersele, Els
name: Diels, Stef
name: Laverge, Jelle
Publisher: name: 8th Symposium on Building Physics in the Nordic Countries
Year: 2008

description: Since the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) was accepted and implemented over the course of the last years, buildings are audited energetically to receive the necessary construction licenses. This augmented the already high attention for research on innovative (passive) energy-saving concepts even further. Validation of the viability – energetical, economical, ecological, comfortwise … - of these innovative systems thus became an important issue.
The performance of mechanically driven night ventilation, combined with an earth-air heat exchanger (EAHX) and a heat wheel, as an active cooling replacement in a high profile office building in Nazareth (Belgium) is assessed through measurements and simulations of the concept.
First results indicate that both the EAHX and the heat wheel deliver substantial energy savings, whereas the mechanically driven night ventilation seems incapable of doing the same. The measured supplementary electric fan energy at night is within the range of the avoided cooling energy predicted by simulations.
By means of more detailed modelling of variants, this problematic balance is investigated further in order to optimize the system design and control. This will create a better understanding of the value of the concept.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5809.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 06.06.1958, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5952.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 15.11.1958, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
A 1D stationary model for assessing the performance of indirect evaporative cooling
Creators: name: Steeman, Marijke
name: Janssens, Arnold
name: De Paepe, Michel
name: Steeman, Marijke
Publisher: name: 8th Symposium on Building Physics in the Nordic Countries
Year: 2008

description: Indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) is an interesting passive cooling technique in which water is sprayed over the return air in the secondary channel of a heat exchanger. By combined heat and moisture transport this air is cools down while at the same time fresh outdoor air is cooled indirectly by passing over the other path of the heat exchanger.
To assess the performance of this technique a 1D stationary model of a wet surface heat exchanger was developed in order to investigate the physical processes occurring in both airstreams and to calculate the outlet conditions. Validation against experiments in an installation in operation shows that modelling results agree well with measured data.
The system’s effectiveness proves to be independent of the inlet conditions of both airstreams. A correlation between the model effectiveness and the air flow rate is proposed which can serve as an easy assessment of the thermal performance of the technique. By means of sensitivity analysis the parameters influencing the outlet conditions of the heat exchanger are investigated.
The model is used as a new type in the dynamic simulation program Trnsys in order to assess energy savings and comfort in buildings cooled by indirect evaporative cooling, alternatively combined with other techniques.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5861.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 02.08.1958, erstellt von Araldo Pittini, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Sub-cycle time-resolved nondipole dynamics in tunneling ionization
Creators: name: Klaiber, Michael
name: Hatsagortsyan, Karen Z.
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron nondipole dynamics in tunneling ionization in an elliptically polarized laser field is investigated theoretically using a relativistic Coulomb-corrected strong-field approximation (SFA) based on the eikonal approximation of the Klein-Gordon equation. We calculate attoclock angle-resolved light-front momentum distributions at different ellipticities of the laser field in quasistatic and nonadiabatic regimes and analyze them with an improved Simpleman model. The nondipole correlations between longitudinal and transverse momentum components are examined. Deviations of the photoelectron momentum distribution calculated via SFA with respect to the available experimental results as well as with the improved Simpleman model are discussed and interpreted in terms of nonadiabatic as well as Coulomb effects in the continuum and under-the-barrier. The favorable prospects of an experimental observation are discussed.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5826.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.06.1958, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Development of a sustainable fermentation platform
Creators: name: Borch, Martin Malthe
name: Thomsen, Anne Belinda
Publisher: name: Grøn Dyst 2010
Year: 2010

description: Risøs pretreatment expertice and methods have been used to extract sugars and nutrients from agriculturalwaste. screening have been done with algae and yeast species to test this medium for the industrial potential. further analysis of the nutrient content have been made.
Oragua jurua Young 1977
Creators: name: Camisão, Beatriz M.
name: Cavichioli, Rodney R.
name: Takiya, Daniela M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Oragua
Oragua jurua

description: Oragua jurua Young, 1977
(Fig. 10 A–E)
Length. Males, 8.0 mm, Females, 7.9–8.0 mm. Males of 9.5 mm are described in Young (1977).
External morphology. Surface of crown, pronotum, mesonotum, clavus, and first half of corium punctate. Forewings with 5 apical cells (R1 present). Other characters as in the generic and species description (Young, 1977: 618).
Female terminalia. Abdominal sternite VII (Figs. 10 A, 10B) with posterior margin produced, with two lateral concavities, apex acute and bifurcate. Internal abdominal sternite VIII membranous. Valvifers I (Fig. 10 C) higher than longer; anterior margin slightly concave; posterior margin round; with fingerlike projection on ventral margin.
Valvulae I (Fig. 10 C) bases with outer margins produced anteriorly (Fig. 10 D); shaft with sculpturing strigate dorsally, becoming concatenate apically and imbricate ventrally; ventral membrane with short, longitudinal striae, sparsely spaced. Valvulae II (Fig. 10 E), in lateral view, moderately broad, gradually tapered towards the apex, dorsal margin slightly arcuate, with 44 subtriangular teeth with denticles on anterior and posterior margins (Fig. 10 F); apex with ventral anteapical denticles present (Fig. 10 G).
Material. ♂ and ♀, “ BRASIL: Amazonas | ParNa Jaú, Seringalzinho | (Nazaré), right margin Rio | Jaú, 46m asl PNJ019 | 0152’55”S, 61°35’12”W, 01-VII-2003 | light trap 7:30–8:30pm | terra firme D. M. Takiya” (INPA). ♂, same data as preceding, (DZRJ). ♀, same data as preceding except 30-VI-2003 (DZRJ)
description: Published as part of Camisão, Beatriz M., Cavichioli, Rodney R. & Takiya, Daniela M., 2014, Eight new species of Oragua Melichar, 1926 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from Amazonas State, Brazil, with description of the female terminalia of Oragua jurua Young, 1977, and new records for the genus, pp. 501-527 in Zootaxa 3841 (4) on pages 522-523, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3841.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/227410
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5856.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.07.1958, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Interaction between interface and massive states in multivalley topological heterostructures
Creators: name: Krizman, Gauthier
name: Assaf, Badih A.
name: Orlita, Milan
name: Bauer, Guenther
name: Springholz, Gunther
name: Ferreira, Robson
name: de Vaulchier, Louis-Anne
name: Guldner, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological interface states in multivalley systems are studied to unravel their valley sensitivity. For this purpose, multivalley IV-VI topological crystalline insulator (TCI) heterostructures are explored using magneto-optical Landau level spectroscopy up to 34 teslas. We characterize the topological interface states emerging from the distinct L-valleys in Pb1-xSnxSe multi quantum wells grown along the [111] direction. It is shown that the shape of the 2D Fermi surfaces of topological interface states residing at the TCI/trivial insulator interfaces are strongly affected by the valley anisotropy of topologically trivial Pb1-yEuySe barriers. This phenomenon is shown to be due to the deep penetration of the topological interface states into the barriers. For the valleys tilted with respect to the confinement direction, a significant interaction between topological states and the conventional massive quantum well states is observed, evidenced by the resulting large anti-crossings between Landau levels. These are theoretically well-described by a k.p model that takes into account tilt and anisotropy of the valleys in two dimensions. Therefore, our work provides a precise characterization of the topological interface state valley splitting, as well as an accurate determination of the anisotropy of their Dirac cone dispersion.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5834.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.07.1958, erstellt von Araldo Pittini, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13203, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 27.12.1935, erstellt von Friedrich Buser in der privaten Beobachtungsstation im Prätschli in Arosa
Creators: name: Buser, Friedrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der privaten Beobachtungsstation Prätschli in Arosa, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: 15-cm-Zeiss-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Design of a sustainable water supply system at the Roskilde Festival
Creators: name: Halldórsson, Andrés Þór
name: Knudsen, Ida Marie
name: Bjarnason, Jóhannes B.
name: Pascal Korell, Manuel Ernesto
name: Dahl, Rasmus
name: Larsen, Sille Lyster
name: Anterrieu, Simon
name: Funder, Simon
name: Arvin, Erik
Publisher: name: Grøn Dyst 2010
Year: 2010

description: Today, the Roskilde Festival, serving about 100.000 people during one week, depends on conventional water supply from the Roskilde municipality. However, this is a major stress to the Roskilde water supply and leads to insufficient water delivery at the festival. In an attempt to become self-sufficient of water at the Roskilde Festival, the lake in the camping area is introduced as primary water resource. A public domain water distribution software is used to model the hydraulic behavior of the water distribution systems in order to optimize the sustainability of this novel approach. The system is thought to be implemented in combination with existing technologies for local treatment of surface water and waste water. The outlook of this project is to prepare a general water supply scheme which can be applied at other similar temporary “mega-events”.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5840.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.07.1958, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Transit Timing Variations for AU Microscopii b & c
Creators: name: Wittrock, Justin M.
name: Dreizler, Stefan
name: Reefe, Michael A.
name: Morris, Brett M.
name: Plavchan, Peter P.
name: Lowrance, Patrick J.
name: Demory, Brice-Olivier
name: Ingalls, James G.
name: Gilbert, Emily A.
name: Barclay, Thomas
name: Cale, Bryson L.
name: Collins, Karen A.
name: Collins, Kevin I.
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Dragomir, Diana
name: Eastman, Jason D.
name: Mufti, Mohammed El
name: Feliz, Dax
name: Gagne, Jonathan
name: Gaidos, Eric
name: Gao, Peter
name: Geneser, Claire S.
name: Hebb, Leslie
name: Henze, Christopher E.
name: Horne, Keith D.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Jensen, Eric L. N.
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Kaye, Laurel
name: Martioli, Eder
name: Monsue, Teresa A.
name: Palle, Enric
name: Quintana, Elisa V.
name: Radford, Don J.
name: Roccatagliata, Veronica
name: Schlieder, Joshua E.
name: Schwarz, Richard P.
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Stockdale, Christopher
name: Tan, Thiam-Guan
name: Tanner, Angelle M.
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
name: Vega, Laura D.
name: Wang, Songhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the transit timing variations (TTVs) of the young (22 Myr) nearby AU Mic planetary system. For AU Mic b, we introduce three Spitzer (4.5 $μ$m) transits, five TESS transits, 11 LCO transits, one PEST transit, one Brierfield transit, and two transit timing measurements from Rossiter-McLaughlin observations; for AU Mic c, we introduce three TESS transits. We present two independent TTV analyses. First, we use EXOFASTv2 to jointly model the Spitzer and ground-based transits and to obtain the midpoint transit times. We then construct an O--C diagram and model the TTVs with Exo-Striker. Second, we reproduce our results with an independent photodynamical analysis. We recover a TTV mass for AU Mic c of 10.8$^{+2.3}_{-2.2}$ M$_{E}$. We compare the TTV-derived constraints to a recent radial-velocity (RV) mass determination. We also observe excess TTVs that do not appear to be consistent with the dynamical interactions of b and c alone, and do not appear to be due to spots or flares. Thus, we present a hypothetical non-transiting "middle-d" candidate exoplanet that is consistent with the observed TTVs, the candidate RV signal, and would establish the AU Mic system as a compact resonant multi-planet chain in a 4:6:9 period commensurability. These results demonstrate that the AU Mic planetary system is dynamically interacting producing detectable TTVs, and the implied orbital dynamics may inform the formation mechanisms for this young system. We recommend future RV and TTV observations of AU Mic b and c to further constrain the masses and to confirm the existence of possible additional planet(s).
description: Corrected typos; revised Section 3, 4, and 5 to reflect reanalysis, results unchanged. Submitted to AAS Journals Nov 11th, 2020; favorable referee report received Jan 3rd; final draft accepted for publication in the AJ Apr 19th
Design and Process Development of Micro System for Pesticide Analysis
Creators: name: Pedersen, Christoffer Mølleskov
name: Elkjær, Karl
name: Tenje, Maria
Publisher: name: Grøn Dyst 2010
Year: 2010

description: In this project we designed the masks and the fabrications processes for fabricating a biochip, used to detect particle transport trough a membrane. In the future this chip could be used to measure under which conditions different pesticides enter the cells of the human body. Besides pesticides it could also be interesting to see if nano particles pass through.
Forever chemicals: Heterogeneity in expert's beliefs about PFAS and what to do about it
Creators: name: Suffill, Ellise
name: White, Mat
name: , Sabine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The associated health risks of persistent, mobile and toxic chemicals - found to accumulate in both humans and the environment - are receiving growing media attention, prompted by high profile films and documentaries such as The Devil We Know (2018) and Dark Waters (2019). As such, the public are becoming increasingly aware of the risks of exposure to chemicals like per- and poly-fluoroalkyls substances (PFAS), and regulators are turning to the experts for advice on where PFAS is found, and how to avoid it. But how much do the experts agree with one another on this rapidly emerging global pollutant crisis? We collected data from N = 40 experts (i.e., chemists and epidemiologists specializing in such substances) regarding: a) the sorts of everyday products that they believe PFAS are found in, b) how essential these everyday products are deemed to be for personal and societal functioning, and c) how easily PFAS can be substituted in these products for PFAS-free alternatives. While analysis is ongoing at the time of abstract submission (Feb, 2022), our findings already demonstrate a surprising level of heterogeneity for all outcomes across our expert sample. A lay sample is currently being collected so that perceptions of PFAS prevalence and substitutability, and product essentiality can be compared across experts and non-experts. Such comparisons will allow us to identify critical knowledge gaps in the public’s understanding of PFAS pollution and risks. Building on insights from the climate change literature, we will discuss implications for designing clear messaging and advice for lay and policy audiences when heterogeneity among the experts is prevalent. In particular, we use our findings to discuss obstacles and solutions for overcoming expert heterogeneity in specific cases, for example, when essentiality is generally perceived to be high but substitutability is low (e.g., PFAS in facemasks recommended by policy-makers to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2), and ask what effective, tailored communication might look like across different demographics.
Bias on Tensor-to-Scalar Ratio Inference With Estimated Covariance Matrices
Creators: name: Beck, Dominic
name: Cukierman, Ari
name: Wu, W. L. Kimmy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate simulation-based bandpower covariance matrices commonly used in cosmological parameter inferences such as the estimation of the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. We find that upper limits on $r$ can be biased low by tens of percent. The underestimation of the upper limit is most severe when the number of simulation realizations is similar to the number of observables. Convergence of the covariance-matrix estimation can require a number of simulations an order of magnitude larger than the number of observables, which could mean $\mathcal{O}(10\ 000)$ simulations. This is found to be caused by an additional scatter in the posterior probability of $r$ due to Monte Carlo noise in the estimated bandpower covariance matrix, in particular, by spurious non-zero off-diagonal elements. We show that matrix conditioning can be a viable mitigation strategy in the case that legitimate covariance assumptions can be made.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5845.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 17.07.1958, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Crediting of Temporary Carbon Storage
Creators: name: Jørgensen, Susanne Vedel
name: Hauschild, Michael Z.
Publisher: name: Grøn Dyst 2010
Year: 2010

description: Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations, the global warming impacts it induces, and the risk of crossing dangerous tipping points have brought along a need for climate change mitigation. One such proposed option is carbon storage. The suggestions for storage of carbon are many and of varying storage length. However, for this type of mitigation strategy to work, it has to ensure real long-term climatic benefits. Thus, the aim of this project was to assess current suggestions for crediting of temporary carbon storage and their ability to ensure real benefits, considered relative to the global carbon cycle.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5866.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.08.1958, erstellt von Araldo Pittini, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
An ALMA search for high albedo objects among the mid-sized Jupiter Trojan population
Creators: name: Simpson, Anna M.
name: Brown, Michael E.
name: Schemel, Madeline J.
name: Butler, Bryan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use ALMA measurements of 870 $μ$m thermal emission from a sample of mid-sized (15-40 km diameter) Jupiter Trojan asteroids to search for high albedo objects in this population. We calculate the diameters and albedos of each object using a thermal model which also incorporates {contemporaneous} Zwicky Transient Facility photometry to accurately measure the absolute magnitude at the time of the ALMA observation. We find that while many albedos are lower than reported from WISE, several small Trojans have high albedos independently measured both from ALMA and from WISE. The number of these high albedo objects is approximately consistent with expectations of the number of objects that recently have undergone large-scale impacts, suggesting that the interiors of freshly-crated Jupiter Trojans could contain high albedo materials such as ices.
description: AJ, in press
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5854.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.07.1958, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
MODELING AND EXPERIMENTAL DETERMINATION OF CONVECTIVE VAPOUR TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS
Creators: name: Neale, Adam
name: Derome, Dominique
name: Blocken, Bert
name: Carmeliet, Jan
name: Neale, Adam
Publisher: name: 8th Symposium on Building Physics in the Nordic Countries
Year: 2008

description: Convective surface coefficients are commonly used in whole building simulation to model the indoor and outdoor heat and mass transport boundary conditions.  There are some standards and guidelines available for convective heat transfer coefficients, which generally include correlations for simple geometries.  The convective vapour transfer coefficients are not so well documented and are often calculated with the heat and mass transfer analogy, and then subsequently applied for cases in which the analogy is not valid.  As a step towards the development of guidelines on the use of convective vapour transfer coefficients in hygrothermal models, an experimental setup and numerical modeling results are presented.

An experimental setup was designed for the purpose of validating two numerical models: 1) a coupled CFD-diffusion model and 2) a vapour diffusion model.  In the CFD-diffusion model, heat and mass transport in the air domain is solved using CFD, while, in the material domain, vapour transport is modelled. This model allows the prediction of the convective vapour transfer coefficient. It was found that the vapour transfer coefficient changes in time evolving to constant values depending on air speed, and to a lesser degree on the relative humidity of the air.  In the vapour diffusion model, a convective vapour transfer coefficient was imposed and the change in moisture content was determined.

The experiment consisted of a wind tunnel placed in an environmental chamber with climate control capability.  The air flow in the wind tunnel was driven by a variable-control fan that allows for a range of speeds in the laminar regime.  Convective vapour transfer coefficients were determined using the experimental setup for a number of humidity and air flow conditions over gypsum samples.  The results were compared with the numerical results for the purpose of validation and sensitivity analysis.
Evolution equations dynamical system of the Lemaître--Tolman--Bondi metric containing coupled dark energy
Creators: name: Blanquet-Jaramillo, Roberto C.
name: Sussman, Roberto A.
name: Aguero, Maximo
name: Izquierdo, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider inhomogeneous spherically symmetric models based on the Lemaître-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) metric, assuming as its source an interactive mixture of ordinary baryonic matter, cold dark matter and dark energy with a coupling term proportional to the addition of energy densities of both dark fluids. We reduce Einstein's field equations to a first order 7-dimensional autonomous dynamical system of evolution equations and algebraic constraints. We study in detail the evolution of the energy density and spatial curvature profiles along the phase space by means of two subspace projections: a three-dimensional projection associated with the solutions of the Friedman-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker metric (invariant subspace) and a four-dimensional projection describing the evolution of the inhomogeneous fluctuations. We also classify and study the critical points of the system in comparison with previous work on similar sources, as well as solving numerically the equations for initial energy density and curvature profiles that lead to a spherical bounce whose collapsing time we estimate appropriately.
description: 20 pages. Accepted for publication in Modern Physics Letters A
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5814.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.06.1958, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Earinus aurantius van Achterberg et Long 2010
Creators: name: Tang, Pu
name: Achterberg, Cornelis Van
name: Chen, Xue-Xin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Earinus
Earinus aurantius

description: Earinus aurantius van Achterberg et Long, 2010
Figure 1
Earinus aurantius van Achterberg & Long, 2010: 68 (RMNH, type examined); Sharkey & Clutts, 2011: 122.
Material examined. 1³, Tibet, Tongmai, 2053 m, 27.VII.1978, Li Fa-Sheng (ZJUH). Distribution. China (Tibet, Fuzhou?, Yunnan?, Taiwan?); Vietnam; Thailand.
Notes. Earinus burmensis has the first tergite twice wide apically and tibia without dark brown ring according to its original description by Gupta & Bhat (1974) and re-examination of the holotype by the second author. Chou & Sharkey (1989) and Chen & Yang (2006) reported this species from China (Taiwan, Yunnan) and stated that the length of the first tergite of this species is 1.4 × its apical width and that the hind tibia has a dark brown ring subbasally. Actually, their species is not identical with the E. burmensis, but fits with another species, E. aurantius van Achterberg et Long, 2010. In addition, other important characters, such as the shape of the hind femur, the shape of the first tergite and the colour of the hind spurs are also similar to E. aurantius, judging from their photos. Therefore, we conclude that the specimens from Taiwan and Yunnan identified by Chou & Sharkey (1989) and Chen & Yang (2006) as E. burmensis most likely belong to E. aurantius.
description: Published as part of Tang, Pu, Achterberg, Cornelis Van & Chen, Xue-Xin, 2018, Review of the genus Earinus Wesmael (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Agathidinae) from China, pp. 345-358 in Zootaxa 4504 (3) on pages 346-349, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/2606436
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 5872.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.08.1958, erstellt von Araldo Pittini, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1958

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf dem Vordruck der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert
description: ETH-Bibliothek
BCFT and Islands in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By combining the AdS/BCFT correspondence and the brane world holography, we expect an equivalence relation between a boundary conformal field theory (BCFT) and a gravitational system coupled to a CFT. However, it still remains unclear how the boundary condition of the BCFT is translated in the gravitational system. We examine this duality relation in a two-dimensional setup by looking at the computation of entanglement entropy and energy flux conservation. We also identify the two-dimensional gravity which is dual to the boundary dynamics of a BCFT. Moreover, we show that by considering a gravity solution with scalar fields turned on, we can reproduce one point functions correctly in the AdS/BCFT.
description: 40 pages, 5 figures
Measurements and CFD simulations for the analysis of wind flow in a semi-enclosed athletics stadium
Creators: name: Maas, Reinier
name: Diepens, Jan
name: Blocken, Bert
name: Maas, Reinier
Publisher: name: 8th Symposium on Building Physics in the Nordic Countries
Year: 2008

description: Wind speed conditions on the tracks of outdoor athletics stadiums can determine whether a record is confirmed or denied. A 2 m/s tail wind is currently the limit above which new records are considered invalid. The measurement of wind speed inside the stadium however only occurs at one position and does not take into account the variability of the wind speed conditions across and along the track. The goal of this research is to analyse the relationship between sport stadium geometry and stadium wind flow patterns, with the final aim to arrive at guidelines to optimize outdoor sport stadium geometry as well as guidelines for wind speed measurements for the correction of sprint time results.

The study focuses on the Koning Boudewijn stadium in Brussels (Belgium), in which full-scale wind flow measurements were made for a duration of several weeks. The measurement data are processed to gain time-averaged wind speeds and wind directions which are used in order to create a clear overview of the wind patterns inside the stadium. The measurements show large fluctuations in wind speed and wind direction inside the stadium indicating that the flow is highly unsteady.

The validation of the CFD model is performed by comparing the CFD results with the full-scale measurements. A comprehensive CFD model of the Koning Boudewijn stadium is constructed with a computational grid based on grid sensitivity analysis. The numerical results show the importance of relatively small objects in the model of the Koning Boudewijn stadium. These objects include ground level differences around the stadium, porous fences and trees. The numerical results show a good prediction of the overall complexity of the wind flow patterns, when these objects are included in the model.

Furthermore an investigation is made concerning the use of transient calculations. The need for this investigation is driven by the large fluctuations in wind speed and wind direction inside the stadium found in the measurements. Preliminary simulations of wind flow around ground surfaced cubes show the complexity of wind flow patterns when time-dependency is introduced. This complexity is caused by vortex shedding from the three-dimensional cube which can be partially the reason for the fluctuations found in the measurements of the wind flow inside the Koning Boudewijn stadium.
Mould growth control in cold attics through adaptive ventilation
Creators: name: Forsaeus Nilsson, Stefan
name: Thorin, Marcus
name: Hagentoft, Carl-Eric
name: Forsaeus Nilsson, Stefan
Publisher: name: 8th Symposium on Building Physics in the Nordic Countries
Year: 2008

description: Problems with high humidity levels and mould growth in cold attics has been increasing over the last few years. A recent Swedish study showed that as many as up to 60 – 80 % of the single-family houses in Västra Götaland (largely, the Gothenburg region) are showing significant mould growth and thereby risk developing serious moisture problems. The high humidity levels are to a large extent a consequence of the increasing demand on energy efficiency. Houses are frequently retrofitted with additional roof insulation, which leads to a colder attic space and hence a higher humidity. Furthermore, furnace heating is often replaced in favour of heat pumps or district heat. This may alter the air-pressure balance of the house, resulting in an increased thermal pressure on the ceiling with subsequent air-leakage up to the attic.

Current theories and models for the growth rate of mould fungi at different climate conditions indicate a potential for significantly reducing the risk for mould problems by lowering the relative humidity by moderate amounts during critical seasons. For cold attics, the humidity reduction necessary is not greater than what should be possible to obtain with an optimised ventilation.

There is currently a slight confusion on how to properly design the natural attic ventilation. The optimal air-exchange rate varies with the outdoor climate, and a static ventilation through open eaves and/or gable and ridge vents are not always the best choice. An alternative could be adaptive ventilation. A basic system would comprise mechanical fans and dampers controlled by attic and outdoor climate sensors installed in a sealed attic without vents. The ventilation system runs only when the outdoor air has a potential to dry out the attic.

Advanced numerical simulations have shown that the risk for mould growth can be substantially reduced, and even eliminated, if the cold attic is sealed and fitted with adaptive ventilation. Ideally, the construction is well built and air-tight, but leaks can to some extent be compensated with an increased ventilation rate. Field tests and extensive measurements over complete annual cycles confirm the simulations and also show that a sufficient air-tightness can be achieved in practice with fairly small effort. The energy consumption for an adaptive ventilation system is in the order of magnitude of 100 kWh per year for a normal-sized one-family house. Hence, it is a very energy efficient way of moisture control, compared to, e.g., traditional dehumidifiers.
Humidity Migration and Condensation Risk in Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Walls
Creators: name: Borodinecs, Anatolijs
name: Vilnitis, Martins
name: Krelsins, Andris
name: Noviks, Juris
name: Borodinecs, Anatolijs
Publisher: name: 8th Symposium on Building Physics in the Nordic Countries
Year: 2008

description: The paper is devoted to the analysis of problems of humidity migration in autoclaved aerated concrete walls. It presents the methods for monitoring of humidity migration processes. Especial attention is paid to the analysis of condensation risk on the surface between the autoclaved aerated concrete block and outdoor finishing. The paper gives theoretical calculation of condensation risk in autoclaved aerated concrete wall as well as presents the results of practical measurements.
For the purpose of practical measurements, two experimental walls, on the northern and southern part of the building, were built in Tallinn imitating real living space. The analyzed walls had been constructed using autoclaved aerated concrete blocks 375 mm in thickness, volume weight ≤ 400 kg/m3, glued together with a 2 mm thick layer of glue mortar. Starting from year 2005 the thermal measurements were carried out on the regular basis. The preliminary results of this experiment have shown that monitoring of humidity migration processes in autoclaved aerated concrete walls could be accurately done by cutting out test pieces and putting them on the scales.
The influence of thermal qualities of autoclaved aerated concrete wall on the drying process of wall was also studied in the scope of this paper. As the result the dependences between heat conductivity coefficient and moisture content were developed.