cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Classical Multiseparable Hamiltonian Systems, Superintegrability and Haantjes Geometry
Creators: name: Nozaleda, Daniel Reyes
name: Tempesta, Piergiulio
name: Tondo, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the theory of classical Hamiltonian systems admitting separating variables can be formulated in the context of ($ω, \mathscr{H}$) structures. They are symplectic manifolds endowed with a compatible Haantjes algebra $\mathscr{H}$, namely an algebra of (1,1)-tensor fields with vanishing Haantjes torsion. A special class of coordinates, called Darboux-Haantjes coordinates, will be constructed from the Haantjes algebras associated with a separable system. These coordinates enable the additive separation of variables of the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation. We shall prove that a multiseparable system admits as many $ω\mathscr{H}$ structures as separation coordinate systems. In particular, we will show that a large class of multiseparable, superintegrable systems, including the Smorodinsky-Winternitz systems and some physically relevant systems with three degrees of freedom, possesses multiple Haantjes structures.
description: 37 pages, no figures
Textproduktionsstrategien als schreibförderliches Lerninstrument. Entwicklung und Beschreibung eines didaktischen Konstruktes
Creators: name: Knott, Christina
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 430 Deutsch

description: Der Beitrag beschreibt das Konstrukt Textproduktionsstrategien als didaktisches Scaffold für eine effektive Schreibförderung schriftlicher Erzählungen am Übergang von der Primar- zur Sekundarstufe für die 4./5. Jahrgangsstufe. Im Fokus steht eine Verbindung transdisziplinärer Ergebnisse der pädagogischen Psychologie, der Lernpsychologie, Linguistik und Erzählforschung sowie der Schreibdidaktik zu einem schreibförderlichen Lerninstrument für Schülerinnen und Schüler. Im Beitrag werden die verwandten Konzepte Lernstrategien und Schreibstrategien näher erläutert und mit den übergeordneten Konzepten Schreib- und Erzählkompetenz und deren Förderung in Zusammenhang gebracht. Darauf folgt die Konzeptualisierung des Konstruktes der Textproduktionsstrategien, die den Kern des Schreibtrainings Burg Adlerstein (Schilcher / et al., 2020) und der damit verbundenen Interventionsstudie bilden.
"Dissecting Institutions:" Bestandteile Einer Institutionellen Konfiguration Am Beispiel Der Wasserweirtschaft
Creators: name: Moss, Timothy
name: Moss, Timothy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: Die Mehrdimensionalitat des sozialwissenschaftlichen Verstandnisses von Institutionen stellt eine besondere Herausforderung an deren Analyse. Woraus bestehen Institutionen? Die umfangreiche Literatur uber Institutionen bietet mehrere Kategorisierungen an, die uber die analytische Differenzierung zwischen formellen und informellen Institutionen hinausgehen, u.a. auch fur das Handlungsfeld Wasserwirtschaft. Im Rahmen einer IRS-Studie ist eine erweiterte Systematik entwickelt worden, die eine komplexe institutionelle Konfiguration nach Kernkomponenten und Schlusselmerkmalen kategorisiert. In dem Beitrag wird diese Systematik am Beispiel der institutionellen Regelung der Wasserwirtschaft in Deutschland erlautert und ihre Anwendung zur Erforschung der Anpassungsfahigkeit einzelner Bestandteile einer institutionellen Konfiguration gegenuber neuen Anforderungen aufgezeigt.
A Survey on the Complemented Subspace Problem
Creators: name: Moslehian, Mohammad Sal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46B20, secondary 46B25, 46B28, 46B15, 46E30

description: The complemented subspace problem asks, in general, which closed subspaces $M$ of a Banach space $X$ are complemented; i.e. there exists a closed subspace $N$ of $X$ such that $X=M\oplus N$? This problem is in the heart of the theory of Banach spaces and plays a key role in the development of the Banach space theory. Our aim is to investigate some results on complemented subspaces, to give a history of the subject, and to present some open problems.
description: 15 pages
Doing Remote Controlled Studies with Humans: Tales from the COVID Trenches
Creators: name: Rupika Dikkala
name: Khanna, Roli
name: Matthews, Caleb
name: Dodge, Jonathan
name: Raja, Sai
name: Hu, Catherine
name: Irvine, Jed
name: Shureih, Zeyad
name: Kin-Ho Lam
name: Anderson, Andrew
name: Minsuk Kahng
name: Fern, Alan
name: Burnett, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Computer Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplemental documents for the following paper:
Rupika Dikkala, Roli Khanna, Caleb Matthews, Jonathan Dodge, Sai Raja, Catherine Hu, Jed Irvine, Zeyad Shureih, Kin-Ho Lam, Andrew Anderson, Minsuk Kahng, Alan Fern, and Margaret Burnett, "Doing Remote Controlled Studies with Humans: Tales from the COVID Trenches", ACM/IEEE 14th International Conference on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering (CHASE 2021), May 2021.
Analysing Agricultural Land Markets as Organisations: An Empirical Study in Poland
Creators: name: Hurrelmann, Annette
name: Hurrelmann, Annette
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: In this paper agricultural land markets are regarded as organisations, which allows to take the effect of the social embeddedness of exchange into account. The markets-as organizations approach suggests that markets are governed by an internal "constitution" containing rules on dissemination of information, control procedures and sanctioning mechanisms that provide advantages to members. The design of the market constitution is believed to be strongly influenced by the constellation of actors and their characteristics. In order to investigate the validity of this assumption the study chooses a comparative approach that analyses the content of land market rules in settings with different actor constellations and tries to find out why they have been established in this way. Both qualitative and quantitative data collected in three village case studies and a survey in two structurally different regions of Poland is used. The results underline that the internal constitution of the organisation "land market" is designed to serve members' interests by decreasing transaction costs and protecting community welfare and also support the expectation that the rules differ according to actor constellations.
The Politics of Incoherence: A Framework for the Analysis of Functional Overlap in International Governance as Two-Level Game
Creators: name: Jungcurt, Stefan
name: Jungcurt, Stefan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
International Relations/Trade

description: Functional overlap in the jurisdiction and competencies of international agreements can lead to incomplete and contradicting regulation, which erodes benefits form international cooperation. The framework developed in this paper seeks to further the theoretical analysis of the domestic and international determinants for the origin and the persistence of such incoherence. Using international regulation on the conservation of plant genetic resources as an illustrative example I address two theoretical challenges - the problem of cross-level inference in theories of international cooperation and the differentiation of processes of substantial bargaining from those of negotiated institutional change. Substantial bargains can be formally analyzed as two-level or nested games with variable payoffs, whereas rigorous analysis of institutional change is limited by too many variations in game structure. I use the framework to derive a typology of games for guiding the systematic analysis of the international, domestic and cross-level interactions that may offer explanations for the phenomenon of incoherence due to functional overlap.
To Share or Not to Share? (Non-) Violence, Scarcity and Resource Access in Somali Region, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Bogale, Ayalneh
name: Korf, Benedikt
name: Bogale, Ayalneh
name: Korf, Benedikt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Political Economy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: It is often argued that environmental scarcity was a trigger and source of violent conflict, in particular in African countries. At the root of such arguments is a simple environmental determinism, which understands scarcity as undermining co-operative relationships between competing resource users. Robert Kaplan popularised this thesis in his argument about "The Coming Anarchy", where he interpreted recent civil wars in Africa as an advent of a fundamental environmental crisis. In our view, this conception disregards the crucial role of local-level institutions in governing competing resource claims. In this paper, we present a case study from the violence-prone Somali Region, Ethiopia. We analyse how agro-pastoralist communities develop sharing arrangements on pasture resources with intruding pastoralist communities in drought years, even though this places additional pressure on their grazing resource. A household survey investigates the determinants for different households in the agro-pastoralist community, asset-poor and wealthy ones, to enter into different types of sharing arrangements. Our findings suggest that resource sharing offers asset-poor households opportunities to stabilise and enhance their asset-base in drought years, providing incentives for co-operative rather than conflictive relations with intruding pastoralists. We conclude that it may depend on potential incentives arising from institutional arrangements, whether competing resource claims in periods of environmental scarcity are resolved peacefully or violently.
Collective effects of the cost of opinion change
Creators: name: Schawe, Hendrik
name: Hernández, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of opinion formation in the situation where changing opinion involves a cost for the agents. To do so we couple the dynamics of a heterogeneous bounded confidence Hegselmann-Krause model with that of the resources that the agents invest on each opinion change. The outcomes of the dynamics are non-trivial and strongly depend on the different regions of the confidence parameter space. In particular, a second order phase transition, for which we determine the corresponding critical exponents, is found in the region where a re-entrant consensus phase is observed in the heterogeneous Hegselmann-Krause model. For regions where consensus always exist in the heterogeneous Hegselmann-Krause model, the introduction of cost does not lead to a phase transition but just to a continuous decrease of the size of the largest opinion cluster. Finally in the region where fragmentation is expected in the heterogeneous HK model, the introduction of a very small cost paradoxically increases the size of the largest opinion cluster.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
The targum (1947:Mar. 4 - 1947:Mar. 26)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1947

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Action: Addressing the COVID-19 Pandemic with Natural Language Processing (NLP)
Creators: name: Chen, Qingyu
name: Leaman, Robert
name: Allot, Alexis
name: Luo, Ling
name: Wei, Chih-Hsuan
name: Yan, Shankai
name: Lu, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on society, both because of the serious health effects of COVID-19 and because of public health measures implemented to slow its spread. Many of these difficulties are fundamentally information needs; attempts to address these needs have caused an information overload for both researchers and the public. Natural language processing (NLP), the branch of artificial intelligence that interprets human language, can be applied to address many of the information needs made urgent by the COVID-19 pandemic. This review surveys approximately 150 NLP studies and more than 50 systems and datasets addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. We detail work on four core NLP tasks: information retrieval, named entity recognition, literature-based discovery, and question answering. We also describe work that directly addresses aspects of the pandemic through four additional tasks: topic modeling, sentiment and emotion analysis, caseload forecasting, and misinformation detection. We conclude by discussing observable trends and remaining challenges.
description: 51 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables; published at the Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science
CONSOLIDATION, DELIMITATION AND STALEMATE. Disruptive Interplay and Strategic Incentives in the CBD-TRIPS Relationship
Creators: name: Jungcurt, Stefan
name: Meyer, Thomas
name: Jungcurt, Stefan
name: Meyer, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The relationship between the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the WTO Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) is characterized by a persistent potential for disruptions in implementation, such as 'biopiracy' conflicts, because of the agreements' incompatible provisions on property rights over genetic resources. The lack of consolidation is often explained by attempts to strategicallly exploit interplay between the two istitutions. Countries of the North and the South are said to push for provisions under their preferred agreement in order to circumvent obligations under the other. We develop an alternative explanation based on a conception of international negotiators acting as agents of particular interest groups rather than as representatives of the state as a whole. Using a Two-level Games model of independent negotiations for agreements on functionally interdependent issues, we analyze the incentives for negotiators to delay or prevent consolidation for strategic reasons. Our analysis shows that, under certain conditions, persistent disruption may be due to a strategic dilemma that prevents negotiators from taking initiatives for consolidation.
Incompressible liquid state of rapidly-rotating bosons at filling factor 3/2
Creators: name: Rezayi, E. H.
name: Read, N.
name: Cooper, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bosons in the lowest Landau level, such as rapidly-rotating cold trapped atoms, are investigated numerically in the specially interesting case in which the filling factor (ratio of particle number to vortex number) is 3/2. When a moderate amount of a longer-range (e.g. dipolar) interaction is included, we find clear evidence that the ground state is in a phase constructed earlier by two of us, in which excitations possess non-Abelian statistics.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Measurement of the Isolated Photon Cross Section in p-pbar Collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross section for the inclusive production of isolated photons has been measured in p anti-p collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The photons span transverse momenta 23 to 300 GeV and have pseudorapidity |eta|<0.9. The cross section is compared with the results from two next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations. The theoretical predictions agree with the measurement within uncertainties.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys.Lett.B
Dilepton production at HADES: theoretical predictions
Creators: name: Cozma, M. D.
name: Fuchs, C.
name: Santini, E.
name: Fässler, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dileptons represent a unique probe for nuclear matter under extreme conditions reached in heavy-ion collisions. They allow to study meson properties, like mass and decay width, at various density and temperature regimes. Present days models allow generally a good description of dilepton spectra in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collision. For the energy regime of a few GeV/nucleon, important discrepancies between theory and experiment, known as the DLS puzzle, have been observed. Various models, including the one developed by the Tübingen group, have tried to address this problem, but have proven only partially successful. High precision spectra of dilepton emission in heavy-ion reactions at 1 and 2 GeV/nucleon will be released in the near future by the HADES Collaboration at GSI. Here we present the predictions for dilepton spectra in C+C reactions at 1 and 2 GeV/nucleon and investigate up to what degree possible scenarios for the in-medium modification of vector mesons properties are accessible by the HADES experiment.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; submitted to Phys.Lett. B
Institutions of Sustainability and Multifunctional Landscapes: Lessons from the Case of the Algarve
Creators: name: Thiel, Andreas
name: Thiel, Andreas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: multifunctional landscape
subject: institutions
subject: Portugal
subject: European integration

description: The paper uses function analysis to complement the analytical framework Institutions of Sustainability and to apply it for the analysis of the role of institutions for the multifunctionality of landscapes. This combination of conceptual tools is evaluated through their application to the case of landscape development in a sub-region of the Algarve, Portugal. In view of this case study it is suggested to complement the Institutions of Sustainability framework: case and transaction specific contextual factors should be included. The paper suggests to look at cross-jurisdictional agency features, cross-function, -transaction and -institutional commonalities, and interconnections as well as to include a dynamic dimension of institutional and physical time lags governing human-ecosystem relations.
Local spectroscopy and atomic imaging of tunneling current, forces and dissipation on graphite
Creators: name: Hembacher, S.
name: Giessibl, F. J.
name: Mannhart, J.
name: Quate, C. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory predicts that the currents in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and the attractive forces measured in atomic force microscopy (AFM) are directly related. Atomic images obtained in an attractive AFM mode should therefore be redundant because they should be \emph{similar} to STM. Here, we show that while the distance dependence of current and force is similar for graphite, constant-height AFM- and STM images differ substantially depending on distance and bias voltage. We perform spectroscopy of the tunneling current, the frequency shift and the damping signal at high-symmetry lattice sites of the graphite (0001) surface. The dissipation signal is about twice as sensitive to distance as the frequency shift, explained by the Prandtl-Tomlinson model of atomic friction.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted at Physical Review Letters
Contextual inferences, nonlocality, and the incompleteness of quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Grangier, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that "quantum non locality", leading to the violation of Bell's inequality and more generally of classical local realism, can be attributed to the conjunction of two properties, that we call here elementary locality and predictive completeness. Taking this point of view, we show again that quantum mechanics violates predictive completeness, allowing to make contextual inferences, which can in turn explain why quantum non locality does not contradict relativistic causality. But if the usual quantum state $ψ$ is predictively incomplete, how to complete it ? We give here a set of new arguments to show that $ψ$ should be completed indeed, not by looking for any "hidden variables", but rather by specifying the measurement context, which is required to define actual probabilities over a set of mutually exclusive physical events.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. In v2 same text, one Annex added with more arguments and examples. In v3 some precisions and references added. In v4 new abstract, and some clarifications added
Governing the Co-existence of GM Crops: Ex-Ante Regulation and Ex-Post Liability under Uncertainty and Irreversibility
Creators: name: Beckmann, Volker
name: Soregaroli, Claudio
name: Wesseler, Justus
name: Beckmann, Volker
name: Soregaroli, Claudio
name: Wesseler, Justus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: co-existence
subject: GM crops
subject: liability law
subject: public regulation
subject: technology adoption

description: The future institutional environment for the co-existence of genetically modified (GM) crops, conventional crops and organic crops in Europe combines measures of ex-ante regulation and ex-post liability rules. Against this background we ask the following two questions: How does ex-ante regulation and ex-post liability under irreversibility and uncertainty affect the adoption of GM crops? What are the implications for regional agglomeration of GM and non-GM crops? Ex-ante regulations and ex-post liabilities for using GM crops will induce additional costs. These costs are modelled in a classical way. The model is advanced by including irreversibility and uncertainty and taking into account transaction costs of negotiating possible solutions with neighbouring farmers which are assumed to be partially irreversible. The results show that the design of ex-ante regulation and ex-post liability increases the value of waiting and results in less immediate adoption of the GM technology. Additionally, the rules and regulations in the EU do provide incentives for the regional agglomeration of GM and non-GM crops that are mainly driven by the irreversibility effect of the ex-ante regulatory and ex-post liability costs.
AN ECONOMIC MODEL OF U.S. IMPORTS OF BUTTER AND MILK FAT PRODUCTS
Creators: name: Bailey, Kenneth W.
name: Wu, Zhen
name: Bailey, Kenneth W.
name: Wu, Zhen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This study developed a model to explain monthly imports of butter and butter substitutes. The U.S. imports butter and other high milk fat products that can substitute for a strict definition of butter. These products include dairy spreads, butter substitutes, anhydrous milk fat, and food preparations. The U.S. imports these high milk fat products under a tariff-rate quota system (TRQ) implemented by the World Trade Organization (WTO). This study quantified all the milk fat contained in U.S. butter and butter substitute imports. A conceptual model was developed to explain imports of these products under a TRQ system. And an econometric model was estimated to analyze the economic factors that drive over-quota imports. The model found that the wedge between U.S. and world butter prices explains much of the incentive to import overquota butter and butter substitutes.
Geologic heterogeneity controls on CO₂ migration and trapping
Creators: name: Ganesan Krishnamurthy, Prasanna
name: 0000-0003-1976-1507
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: CO₂ sequestration
CCS
Heterogeneity
Capillary trapping
CO₂ storage
Trapping
Light transmission
Imaging

description: In this dissertation, we study the influence of small-scale geologic heterogeneities (mm to dm) on buoyant, vertical migration of CO₂ at intermediate length scales (sub-meter) in two different ways: using numerical simulations in highly resolved geologic models, and by visualizing flow through lab generated bedform fabrics. In the first part of this dissertation, we present a new technique to generate high resolution, 3D geocellular models that capture depositional architectures in a realistic manner. We then use a reduced physics formulation (Invasion Percolation) to simulate the migration of CO₂ through the developed models. Results from these simulations provide insight into how the trapped saturation is a non-linear function of the capillary entry pressure contrast between the primary lithologic features. This dependence suggests that some ability to predict CO₂ storage performance can be achieved from common sedimentological descriptors. In the second half, we develop a unique experimental technique to generate intermediate scale (0.6m x 0.6m) beadpacks that mimic natural sedimentary features in a reproducible manner. We then perform a set of two-phase flow experiments in heterogeneous beadpacks with cross-stratified geometry, where the underlying geometry is kept constant but the grain size contrast is varied, analogous to our simulations. The experiments are conducted at atmospheric conditions using an immiscible fluid pair that mirrors the physical properties of supercritical CO₂ and brine at reservoir conditions. Light transmission is used to visualize the flows in real time and quantify fluid saturations at the millimeter scale. Observations from these experiments help corroborate our simulation results, showing that geometry and grain size variability strongly influence CO₂ flow and trapping behavior in a non-linear fashion. We then conduct similar experiments at different flow rates and demonstrate the persistence of heterogeneity effects even at high flow rates and capillary numbers in such vertical flows. These results help demarcate trapping behavior at near well bore and far field conditions. Together these experiments provide a unique opportunity to visualize complex multiphase flow dynamics in realistic geologic fabrics at the sub-meter scale, and can help bridge understanding between core scale experiments and reservoir scale observations
Magnetization dynamics in proximity-coupled superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor multilayers
Creators: name: Golovchanskiy, I. A.
name: Abramov, N. N.
name: Stolyarov, V. S.
name: Chichkov, V. I.
name: Silayev, M.
name: Shchetinin, I. V.
name: Golubov, A. A.
name: Ryazanov, V. V.
name: Ustinov, A. V.
name: Kupriyanov, M. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, magnetization dynamics is studied in superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor three-layered films in a wide frequency, field, and temperature ranges using the broad-band ferromagnetic resonance measurement technique. It is shown that in presence of both superconducting layers and of superconducting proximity at both superconductor/ferromagnet interfaces a massive shift of the ferromagnetic resonance to higher frequencies emerges. The phenomenon is robust and essentially long-range: it has been observed for a set of samples with the thickness of ferromagnetic layer in the range from tens up to hundreds of nanometers. The resonance frequency shift is characterized by proximity-induced magnetic anisotropies: by the positive in-plane uniaxial anisotropy and by the drop of magnetization. The shift and the corresponding uniaxial anisotropy grow with the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer. For instance, the anisotropy reaches 0.27~T in experiment for a sample with 350~nm thick ferromagnetic layer, and about 0.4~T in predictions, which makes it a ferromagnetic film structure with the highest anisotropy and the highest natural resonance frequency ever reported. Various scenarios for the superconductivity-induced magnetic anisotropy are discussed. As a result, the origin of the phenomenon remains unclear. Application of the proximity-induced anisotropies in superconducting magnonics is proposed as a way for manipulations with a spin-wave spectrum.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Fractional Systems and Fractional Bogoliubov Hierarchy Equations
Creators: name: Tarasov, Vasily E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the fractional generalizations of the phase volume, volume element and Poisson brackets. These generalizations lead us to the fractional analog of the phase space. We consider systems on this fractional phase space and fractional analogs of the Hamilton equations. The fractional generalization of the average value is suggested. The fractional analogs of the Bogoliubov hierarchy equations are derived from the fractional Liouville equation. We define the fractional reduced distribution functions. The fractional analog of the Vlasov equation and the Debye radius are considered.
description: 12 pages
Binary neutron stars: Equilibrium models beyond spatial conformal flatness
Creators: name: Uryu, Koji
name: Limousin, Francois
name: Friedman, John L.
name: Gourgoulhon, Eric
name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equilibria of binary neutron stars in close circular orbits are computed numerically in a waveless formulation: The full Einstein-relativistic-Euler system is solved on an initial hypersurface to obtain an asymptotically flat form of the 4-metric and an extrinsic curvature whose time derivative vanishes in a comoving frame. Two independent numerical codes are developed, and solution sequences that model inspiraling binary neutron stars during the final several orbits are successfully computed. The binding energy of the system near its final orbit deviates from earlier results of third post-Newtonian and of spatially conformally flat calculations. The new solutions may serve as initial data for merger simulations and as members of quasiequilibrium sequences to generate gravitational wave templates, and may improve estimates of the gravitational-wave cutoff frequency set by the last inspiral orbit.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, revised version, PRL in press
Idler-Free Multi-Channel Discrimination via Multipartite Probe States
Creators: name: Harney, Cillian
name: Pirandola, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterisation of Quantum Channel Discrimination (QCD) offers critical insight for future quantum technologies in quantum metrology, sensing and communications. The task of multi-channel discrimination creates a scenario in which the discrimination of multiple quantum channels can be equated to the idea of pattern recognition, highly relevant to the tasks of quantum reading, illumination and more. Whilst the optimal quantum strategy for many scenarios is an entangled idler-assisted protocol, the extension to a multi-hypothesis setting invites the exploration of discrimination strategies based on unassisted, multipartite probe states. In this work, we expand the space of possible quantum enhanced protocols by formulating general classes of unassisted multi-channel discrimination protocols which are not assisted by idler modes. Developing a general framework for idler-free protocols, we perform an explicit investigation in the bosonic setting, studying prominent Gaussian channel discrimination problems for real world applications. Our findings uncover the existence of strongly quantum advantageous, idler-free protocols for the discrimination of bosonic loss and environmental noise. This circumvents the necessity for idler assistance to achieve quantum advantage in some of the most relevant discrimination settings, significantly loosening practical requirements for prominent quantum sensing applications.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Close to accepted version
Formation of Population III Stars in Fossil HII Regions: Significance of HD
Creators: name: Nagakura, Takanori
name: Omukai, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of gas in HII regions around the first stars after the death of the exciting stars. If the first star in a small halo dies without supernova (SN), subsequent star formation is possible in the same halo. We thus investigate the effect of ionization of the gas on subsequent star formation within small halos in the early universe using one-dimensional hydrodynamics with spherical symmetry along with non-equilibrium primordial gas chemistry. We find that the enhanced electron fraction facilitates the formation of molecular hydrogen at the cores of these halos. The low temperature circumstances produced by the H_2 cooling is suitable for HD formation and the resultant cooling further drops the temperature below 100 K. Consequently, low-mass stars with primordial abundances can form even in a small halo. After accreting the interstellar metals, these stars might resemble low-mass ultra metal-poor stars discovered in the present Galactic halo.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
ERKIN KASB TANLASHNI IJTIMOIY PEDAGOGIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Creators: name: Gulchehra Safarovna Pardayeva Oʻzbekiston-Finlandiya pedagogika instituti  Pedagogika kafedrasi katta o'qituvchisi,  gulisaforovna68@yandex.ru Toyirova Dildora Olimovna OʻzFIPI Boshlang'ich ta'lim yo'nalishi 3- bosqich talabasi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Maqolada bo'lajak boshlang'ich sinf o'qituvchilarining milliy tarbiya ko'nikmasini rivojlantirish metodikasi va boshlang’ich sinf o’quvchilarini milliy hunarlarga yo’naltirish texnalogiyalari to'g'risida fikr yuritilgan.
Shallow Decay of Early X-ray Afterglows from Inhomogeneous Gamma-Ray Burst Jets
Creators: name: Toma, Kenji
name: Ioka, Kunihito
name: Yamazaki, Ryo
name: Nakamura, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Almost all the X-ray afterglows of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed by the Swift satellite have a shallow decay phase in the first thousands of seconds. We show that in an inhomogeneous jet (multiple-subjet or patchy-shell) model the superposition of the afterglows of off-axis subjets (patchy shells) can have the shallow decay phase. The necessary condition for obtaining the shallow decay phase is that gamma-ray bright subjets (patchy shells) should have gamma-ray efficiency higher than previously estimated, and should be surrounded by gamma-ray dim subjets (patchy shells) with low gamma-ray efficiency. Our model predicts that events with dim prompt emission have the conventional afterglow light curve without the shallow decay phase like GRB 050416A.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE EMISSION REDUCTION MARKET SYSTEM IN CHICAGO
Creators: name: Onal, Hayri
name: Liao, Chao-Ning
name: Onal, Hayri
name: Liao, Chao-Ning
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: mixed-integer programming
subject: ERMS
subject: average shadow price
subject: pollution permit

description: A mixed-integer programming model is used to investigate economic impacts of the permit trading market in Chicago and determine the equilibrium price. Unlike previous studies, the model determines unit pollution abatement cost endogenously depending on firms' technology adoption decisions. A sequential trading process is used to simulate firms' behavior under incomplete information. The results show that average shadow prices, a counterpart of conventional shadow prices in discrete problems, slightly underestimate the equilibrium prices. Moreover, the model predicts an over-supply of permits for the first two trading seasons.
Crossing the Academic Ocean? Judit Bar-Ilan's Oeuvre on Search Engines studies
Creators: name: Orduna-Malea, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main objective of this work is to analyse the contributions of Judit Bar-Ilan to the search engines studies. To do this, two complementary approaches have been carried out. First, a systematic literature review of 47 publications authored and co-authored by Judit and devoted to this topic. Second, an interdisciplinarity analysis based on the cited references (publications cited by Judit) and citing documents (publications that cite Judit's work) through Scopus. The systematic literature review unravels an immense amount of search engines studied (43) and indicators measured (especially technical precision, overlap and fluctuation over time). In addition to this, an evolution over the years is detected from descriptive statistical studies towards empirical user studies, with a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods. Otherwise, the interdisciplinary analysis evidences that a significant portion of Judit's oeuvre was intellectually founded on the computer sciences, achieving a significant, but not exclusively, impact on library and information sciences.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, and 2 annexes
THE VALUATION OF LABELLING ATTRIBUTES IN A WINE MARKET
Creators: name: Steiner, Bodo E.
name: Steiner, Bodo E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The values which market participants place on labelling information in the British wine retail market are investigated using a hedonic framework. The results suggest a near asymmetric evaluation of labelling attributes between wines from the 'New World' (Australia) and wines from the 'Old World' (France). The benefits of studying the valuation of attribute information within the hedonic framework are demonstrated in two steps. First, the revenue impact of shifts in attributes is examined at the retail level. Second, the welfare impact of changes in the attribute choice set facing consumers is considered.
Entanglement Energetics in the Ground State
Creators: name: Jordan, Andrew N.
name: Buttiker, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how many-body ground state entanglement information may be extracted from sub-system energy measurements at zero temperature. A precise relation between entanglement and energy fluctuations is demonstrated in the weak coupling limit. Examples are given with the two-state system and the harmonic oscillator, and energy probability distributions are calculated. Comparisons made with recent qubit experiments show this type of measurement provides another method to quantify entanglement with the environment.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Conference proceeding for the Physics of Quantum Electronics; Utah, USA, January 2004
THE WELFARE IMPACT OF SELF-REGULATION
Creators: name: Zago, Angelo M.
name: Zago, Angelo M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Political Economy

description: This paper is concerned with welfare effects of self-regulation. It considers one group of heterogeneous producers modelling incentives they face when collectively deciding about production and trade of a commodity and employing a technology that take into account the trade-off between quality and quantity.
Future neutrino oscillation facilities: physics priorities and open issues
Creators: name: Blondel, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery that neutrinos have mass opens a wide new field of experimentation. Accelerator-made neutrinos are essential. Ideas for future facilities include superbeams beta-beams and neutrino factories, each associated with one or several options for detector systems. A summary of the perceived virtues and shortcomings of these options, and a number of open questions, are presented.
description: based on an Invited plenary presentation at NUFACT05, Frascati, June 2005
ESTIMATING RETURNS UNDER STANDARD REINSURANCE AGREEMENT
Creators: name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The present paper describes the assumptions and modeling structure behind the SRA simulator, a user-friendly computer program developed in cooperation with RMA as a tool to assist policymakers in assessing the economic impact of the Standard Reinsurance Agreement. The simulator uses the historical data on yields, prices, and insurance losses for each district, crop, and insurance product in order to simulate a distribution of the book of business resulting from underwriting crop insurance either in aggregate or for a specific company.
An End-to-End Probabilistic Network Calculus with Moment Generating Functions
Creators: name: Fidler, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network calculus is a min-plus system theory for performance evaluation of queuing networks. Its elegance stems from intuitive convolution formulas for concatenation of deterministic servers. Recent research dispenses with the worst-case assumptions of network calculus to develop a probabilistic equivalent that benefits from statistical multiplexing. Significant achievements have been made, owing for example to the theory of effective bandwidths, however, the outstanding scalability set up by concatenation of deterministic servers has not been shown. This paper establishes a concise, probabilistic network calculus with moment generating functions. The presented work features closed-form, end-to-end, probabilistic performance bounds that achieve the objective of scaling linearly in the number of servers in series. The consistent application of moment generating functions put forth in this paper utilizes independence beyond the scope of current statistical multiplexing of flows. A relevant additional gain is demonstrated for tandem servers with independent cross-traffic.
Diagnosing phase correlations in the joint spectrum of parametric downconversion using multi-photon emission
Creators: name: Bell, Bryn A.
name: Garces, Gil Triginer
name: Walmsley, Ian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of new quantum light sources requires robust and convenient methods of characterizing their joint spectral properties. Measuring the joint spectral intensity between a photon pair ignores any correlations in spectral phase which may be responsible for degrading the quality of quantum interference. A fully phase-sensitive characterization tends to require significantly more experimental complexity. Here, we investigate the sensitivity of the frequency-resolved double-pair emission to spectral phase correlations, in particular to the presence of a simple form of correlated phase which can be generated by a chirped pump laser pulse. We observe interference fringes in the four photon coincidences which depend on the frequencies of all four photons, with a period which depends on the strength of their correlation. We also show that phase correlations in the JSA induce spectral intensity correlations between two signal photons, even when the corresponding idler photons are not detected, and link this correlation pattern to the purity of a single signal photon. These effects will be useful in assessing new photon-pair sources for quantum technologies, especially since we require little additional complexity compared to a joint spectral intensity measurement - essentially just the ability to detect at least two photons in each output port.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Universities through the Eyes of Bibliographic Databases: A Retroactive Growth Comparison of Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science
Creators: name: Orduna-Malea, Enrique
name: Aytac, Selenay
name: Tran, Clara Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of this study is to ascertain the suitability of GS's url-based method as a valid approximation of universities' academic output measures, taking into account three aspects (retroactive growth, correlation, and coverage). To do this, a set of 100 Turkish universities were selected as a case study. The productivity in Web of Science (WoS), Scopus and GS (2000 to 2013) were captured in two different measurement iterations (2014 and 2018). In addition, a total of 18,174 documents published by a subset of 14 research-focused universities were retrieved from WoS, verifying their presence in GS within the official university web domain. Findings suggest that the retroactive growth in GS is unpredictable and dependent on each university, making this parameter hard to evaluate at the institutional level. Otherwise, the correlation of productivity between GS (url-based method) and WoS and Scopus (selected sources) is moderately positive, even though it varies depending on the university, the year of publication, and the year of measurement. Finally, only 16% out of 18,174 articles analyzed were indexed in the official university website, although up to 84% were indexed in other GS sources. This work proves that the url-based method to calculate institutional productivity in GS is not a good proxy for the total number of publications indexed in WoS and Scopus, at least in the national context analyzed. However, the main reason is not directly related to the operation of GS, but with a lack of universities' commitment to open access.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures and 7 tables