Pyxine coralligera Malme, Bih. Kongl. Svensk.
Creators: name: Mongkolsuk, Pachara
name: Meesim, Sanya
name: Poengsungnoen, Vasun
name: Kalb, Klaus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Teloschistales
Physciaceae
Pyxine
Pyxine coralligera

description: <b>7.</b> <b> <i>Pyxine coralligera</i> Malme</b> , <i>Bih. Kongl. Svensk.</i> <i>vetensk.-akad. handl.</i> 23, afd. 3 (13): 40 (1897). Type:— BRAZIL. Mato Grosso; Serra da Chapada, near São Jeronymo, ad rupes apricas, 3 June 1894, <i>G. O. A. Malme</i> [<i>Exped. Prim. Regnell. Lichens</i> 2749c]; lectotype selected by Swinscow &amp; Krog 1975a: 53. (S!). For synonymy see Kalb (1987).— <i>Pyxine palniensis</i> D. D. Awasthi, <i>Phytomorphology</i> 30 (4): 374 (1982). Holotype: INDIA. Tamil Nadu; Palni hills, Perumalmalai area near Perumal peak, on rock, 2000 m, 17 December 1970, <i>D. D. Awasthi</i> 70.1092 (LWU!). Thallus corticolous and saxicolous, 3–10 cm wide, loosely adnate. Lobes radiating, discrete to ± imbricate, plane to slightly convex, 0.5–1.0 mm wide, subrotund to truncate at the apices. Upper surface pale to dark grey, weakly pruinose towards the lobe tips or epruinose; true isidia and soralia absent. Pseudocyphellae laminal, irregular to linear or becoming ± reticulate subapically. Polysidiangia mainly laminal, occasionally marginal, scattered or clustered, nodular to subcylindrical or clavate, short, ± branched, pustulate, bursting apically to release corticate fragments but no soredia. Medulla (upper part) creamy yellow to yellow-orange or yellow-brown, lower part white. Lower surface black in the centre, paler towards the margin; rhizines ± dense, simple or irregularly branched. Apothecia rare, <i>obscurascens</i> type, 0.5–1.0 mm wide; disc epruinose. Internal stipe distinct, pale yellow to yellow-orange or yellow-brown, K + greenish, P + dirty orange-brown. Ascospores 16–20 × 5–7 μm. Pycnidia not seen. Chemistry: Cortex K + yellow, C-, KC-, P + yellow, UV-; medulla upper part: K-, C-, P + orange, lower part: all spot tests negative; containing atranorin (minor), chloroatranorin (minor), testacein (major), unknown terpenes (minor). <b>Distribution and habitat</b>:—A pantropical species, very common on bark and rocks, in tropical rainforests, dry dipterocarp forests and lower montane scrubs. Also in Australia, Africa, Asia, South America, Cuba and Papua New Guinea. <b>Notes</b>:— <i>P. coralligera</i> is characterized by the polysidiangia, cortical atranorin, the pale yellow to yelloworange or yellow-brown medulla, <i>obscurascens</i> - type apothecia, an internal stipe that is concolorous with the medulla, and by the presence of medullary testacein and a characteristic array of terpenes. It is morphologically similar to <i>P. retirugella</i>, but the latter differs in containing additional norstictic acid and a different suite of terpenes. <i>P. daedalea</i> is morphologically similar and shows the same array of terpenes on TLC plates. But it is easily distinguished by the presence of laminal soralia. Co-chromatography of this species on TLC plates in solvents A, B' and C together with the morphologically identical <i>P. palniensis</i> shows that the two species have an identical array of terpenes. The only difference is a very low concentration of testacein in the latter so that no P-reaction could be observed. <b>Material from</b> <b>Thailand examined</b>:— Chiang Mai; Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, on the bark of <i>Castanopsis costata</i> in dry dipterocarp forest forest, 630 m, 18°50' N, 98°46' E, 26 January 1994, <i>K</i> <i>.</i> <i>Boonpragob et al. 719, 731</i> (RAMK).— Chiang Mai; Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, on the bark of <i>Syzygium claviflora,</i> dry dipterocarp forest, 750 m, 1 July 1994, <i>K</i> <i>.</i> <i>Boonpragob 2670, 2671, 2689</i> (RAMK).— Chiang Mai; medicinal garden, on bark in a ± open <i>Cinchona</i> plantation near Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, 1085 m, 18°48'22'' N, 98°54'53'' E, 17 March 2008, <i>K</i> <i>.</i> <i>Kalb</i> (hb. Kalb 36780, 36788).— Loei; Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary, a way from in front of Head Quarter of Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary 700 m, on the bark of an unidentified tree in tropical rainforest, 700 m, 17°20'18'' N, 101°30'32'' E, 20 May 2009, <i>S</i> <i>. Meesim &amp; K.</i> <i>Buaruang MSPL 080</i> (RAMK).— Loei; Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary, a way from in front of Head Quarter of Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary 500 m, on the rocks in dry dipterocarp forest, 700 m, 17°14'33'' N, 101°18'26'' E, 21 May 2009, <i>S</i> <i>. Meesim &amp; K.</i> <i>Buaruang MSPL 119</i> (RAMK).— Loei; Phu Luang Wildlife Sanctuary, Helicopter Apron, on the rocks in lower montane scrub, 1487 m, 17°16'23'' N, 101°31'08'' E, 25 Much 2009, <i>S</i> <i>.</i> <i>Meesim 86</i> (RAMK).— Loei; Nahaew National Park, on the rocks in hill evergreen forest, 1260 m, 12 July 1995, <i>P</i> <i>.</i> <i>Mongkolsuk et al. 4218</i> (RAMK).— Loei; Nahaew National Park, on the rocks in dry dipterocarp forest, 900 m, 5 November 1995, <i>P</i> <i>.</i> <i>Mongkolsuk et al. 6616, 6618</i> (RAMK).— Loei; Nahaew National Park, on rocks in dry dipterocarp forest, 670 m, 6 November 1995, <i>P</i> <i>.</i> <i>Mongkolsuk et al. 6767</i> (RAMK)— Nakhon Ratchasima; Khao Yai National Park, Former Golf Course, on the bark of an unidentified tree in shrub forest, 750 m, 14°25' N, 101°23' E, 5 December 1999, <i>P</i> <i>.</i> <i>Mongkolsuk 15842</i> (RAMK).— Nakhon Ratchasima; Khao Yai National Park, Former Golf Course, on the bark of an unidentified tree in tropical rainforest, 750 m, 14°25' N, 101°23' E, 5 December 1999, <i>P</i> <i>.</i> <i>Mongkolsuk 15990</i> (RAMK).— Nakhon Ratchasima; Khao Yai National Park, the trail kilometer no. 33 "Nong Pakchee", on the bark of an unidentified tree in tropical rainforest, 800 m, 14°20' N, 101°39' E, 23 May 2000, <i>P</i> <i>.</i> <i>Mongkolsuk et al. 15996, 16028, 19511</i> (RAMK).
description: Published as part of <i>Mongkolsuk, Pachara, Meesim, Sanya, Poengsungnoen, Vasun &amp; Kalb, Klaus, 2012, The lichen family Physciaceae in Thailand-I. The genus Pyxine, pp. 32-54 in Phytotaxa 59 (1)</i> on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.59.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5061495
description: {"references": ["Swinscow, T. D. V. &amp; Krog, H. (1975 a) The genus Pyxine in East Africa. Norwegian Journal of Botany 22: 43 - 68.", "Kalb, K. (1987) Brasilianische Flechten. 1. Die Gattung Pyxine. Bibliotheca Lichenologica 24: 1 - 89."]}