cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on the Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Flux from Gamma-Ray Bursts from a Prototype Station of the Askaryan Radio Array
Creators: name: Allison, P.
name: Auffenberg, J.
name: Bard, R.
name: Beatty, J. J.
name: Besson, D. Z.
name: Bora, C.
name: Chen, C. -C.
name: Chen, P.
name: Connolly, A.
name: Davies, J. P.
name: DuVernois, M. A.
name: Fox, B.
name: Gorham, P. W.
name: Hanson, K.
name: Hill, B.
name: Hoffman, K. D.
name: Hong, E.
name: Hu, L. -C.
name: Ishihara, A.
name: Karle, A.
name: Kelley, J.
name: Kravchenko, I.
name: Landsman, H.
name: Laundrie, A.
name: Li, C. -J.
name: Liu, T.
name: Lu, M. -Y.
name: Maunu, R.
name: Mase, K.
name: Meures, T.
name: Miki, C.
name: Nam, J.
name: Nichol, R. J.
name: Nir, G.
name: O'Murchadha, A.
name: Pfendner, C. G.
name: Ratzlaff, K.
name: Rotter, B.
name: Sandstrom, P.
name: Seckel, D.
name: Shultz, A.
name: Song, M.
name: Stockham, J.
name: Stockham, M.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Touart, J.
name: Tu, H. -Y.
name: Varner, G. S.
name: Yoshida, S.
name: Young, R.
name: Bustamante, M.
name: Guetta, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a search for ultra-high-energy (UHE) neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the data set collected by the Testbed station of the Askaryan Radio Array (ARA) in 2011 and 2012. From 57 selected GRBs, we observed no events that survive our cuts, which is consistent with 0.12 expected background events. Using NeuCosmA as a numerical GRB reference emission model, we estimate upper limits on the prompt UHE GRB neutrino fluence and quasi-diffuse flux from $10^{7}$ to $10^{10}$ GeV. This is the first limit on the prompt UHE GRB neutrino quasi-diffuse flux above $10^{7}$ GeV.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, Published in Astroparticle Physics Journal
Coronin 1B Coordinates Arp2/3 Complex and Cofilin Activities at the Leading Edge
Creators: name: Cai, Liang
name: Uetrecht, Andrea C.
name: Schafer, Dorothy A.
name: Marshall, Thomas W.
name: Bear, James E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Actin filament nucleation and turnover are interdependent processes in migrating cells, but the mechanisms coordinating these events are unknown. Coronin 1B influences motility, lamellipodial dynamics and actin filament architecture at the leading edge of Rat2 cells in a manner consistent with a role in coordinating filament formation and turnover. Coronin 1B interacts simultaneously with both Arp2/3 complex and Slingshot (SSH1L) phosphatase, two regulators of actin filament formation and turnover, respectively. Coronin 1B inhibits filament nucleation by Arp2/3 complex and this inhibition is attenuated by phosphorylation of Coronin 1B on Serine 2, a site targeted by SSH1L. Coronin 1B directs SSH1L to lamellipodia where it likely regulates Cofilin. Accordingly, depleting Coronin 1B increases phospho-Cofilin levels and expressing activated Cofilin partially suppresses the effects on lamellipodia dynamics of Coronin 1B depletion. Thus, Coronin 1B coordinates filament nucleation via Arp2/3 complex and turnover by Cofilin at the leading edge of migrating cells.
The influence of pupil-centred teaching methods on pupil attitude to school
Creators: name: Arnold, Adrian P.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This investigation is concerned with the interaction between children's attitude to school and the form of 'contact' between them and their teachers. It is extensive rather than intensive in that it seeks to illuminate a form of approach rather than to demonstrate a firm relationship. This philosophy has been followed in order, firstly, to indicate the possible strength of the relationship, and secondly, to open up opportunity for developing the approach both in diversity and extent. [Continues.]
title: Fluoroscopic guided cervical nerve roots: 5 year Oxford experience and referral trend.
Creators: name: Braithwaite, Simon
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Instrumentation
subject: Puncture
subject: Patterns of Care

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Fluoroscopic guided cervical nerve root injections are not only a treatment for pain but also a valuable diagnostic tool.Cervical nerve root injection has proved effective for many patients by alleviating pain, increasing activity, improving...
Thermal junctions controlled with Aharonov-Bohm phases
Creators: name: Balduque, José
name: Mecha, Adrián
name: Sánchez, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unlike charge, heat flows are difficult to control. We show that, in mesoscopic conductors, electronic thermal currents can be manipulated with a magnetic field by using the Aharonov-Bohm effect: the magnetic control of the interference pattern enhances the thermoelectric effect, while heat transport can be totally suppressed. In a three-terminal configuration, the flux-induced broken reciprocity generates a non-local thermoelectric response and translates to the circulation of heat. This way, efficient thermoelectric generators, thermal switches and thermal circulators, as well as energy harvesters can be defined for minimally disturbing thermal management at the nanoscale.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
title: Evaluation of knowledge and perception of general practitioners about ionizing radiation in diagnostic procedures
Creators: name: Matkovic, Andro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Management
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and perception of general practitioners (GP) related to various imaging...
(401727) Eliza Shaw
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Impact of weak interactions of free nucleons on the r-process in dynamical ejecta from neutron-star mergers
Creators: name: Goriely, Stephane
name: Bauswein, Andreas
name: Just, Oliver
name: Pllumbi, Else
name: Janka, Hans-Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate beta-interactions of free nucleons and their impact on the electron fraction (Y_e) and r-process nucleosynthesis in ejecta characteristic of binary neutron star mergers (BNSMs). For that we employ trajectories from a relativistic BNSM model to represent the density-temperature evolutions in our parametric study. In the high-density environment, positron captures decrease the neutron richness at the high temperatures predicted by the hydrodynamic simulation. Circumventing the complexities of modelling three-dimensional neutrino transport, (anti)neutrino captures are parameterized in terms of prescribed neutrino luminosities and mean energies, guided by published results and assumed as constant in time. Depending sensitively on the adopted neutrino-antineutrino luminosity ratio, neutrino processes increase Y_e to values between 0.25 and 0.40, still allowing for a successful r-process compatible with the observed solar abundance distribution and a significant fraction of the ejecta consisting of r-process nuclei. If the electron neutrino luminosities and mean energies are relatively large compared to the antineutrino properties, the mean Y_e might reach values >0.40 so that neutrino captures seriously compromise the success of the r-process. In this case, the r-abundances remain compatible with the solar distribution, but the total amount of ejected r-material is reduced to a few percent, because the production of iron-peak elements is favored. Proper neutrino physics, in particular also neutrino absorption, have to be included in BNSM simulations before final conclusions can be drawn concerning r-processing in this environment and concerning observational consequences like kilonovae, whose peak brightness and color temperature are sensitive to the composition-dependent opacity of the ejecta.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures; submitted to MNRAS
Ab initio study on magnetism suppression, anharmonicity, rattling mode and superconductivity in Sc$_6M$Te$_2$ ($M$=Fe, Co, Ni)
Creators: name: Jiang, Ming-Chun
name: Masuki, Ryota
name: Guo, Guang-Yu
name: Arita, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic ab initio study on phonon-mediated superconductivity in the transition-metal-based superconductors Sc$_6M$Te$_2$ ($M$ = Fe, Co, Ni). Firstly, our charge analysis reveals significant electron transfer from Sc to $M$ due to the substantial difference in the electronegativity, filling the 3$d$ orbitals of $M$ and suppressing magnetic instability. Secondly, we show that Sc$_6$FeTe$_2$ exhibits strong lattice anharmonicity. Moreover, for $M =$ Fe and Co, we find low-frequency soft phonon bands of $M$ which can be interpreted as "rattling phonons" in the framework formed by Sc. While not observed in the case of $M=$ Ni, the rattling phonons give rise to a prominent peak or plateau in the Eliashberg spectral function and enhance the pairing instability. By reproducing the experimental trend of superconducting transition temperatures, our study underscores the potential of designing phonon-mediated superconductors by strategically combining non-superconducting and magnetic transition-metal elements.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
(401728) Agnes Shaw
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
FOXP3 Is an X-Linked Breast Cancer Suppressor Gene and an Important Repressor of the HER-2/ErbB2 Oncogene
Creators: name: Zheng, Pan
name: Wang, Cun Yu
name: Liu, Jin Qing
name: Yang, Tianyu
name: Liu, Xingluo
name: Shen, Rulong
name: Zuo, Tao
name: Love, Richard
name: Zhang, Huiming
name: Li, Weiquan
name: Chang, Xing
name: Liu, Yan
name: Liu, Chang gong
name: Park, Bae Keun
name: Godfrey, Virginia
name: Wang, Yin
name: Chan, Michael W.Y.
name: Huang, Tim H.M.
name: Morrison, Carl
name: Wang, Lizhong
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The X-linked Foxp3 is a member of the forkhead/winged helix transcription factor family. Germ-line mutations cause lethal autoimmune diseases in males. Serendipitously, we observed that Foxp3sf/+ heterozygous mice developed cancer at a high rate. The majority of the cancers were mammary carcinomas in which the wild-type Foxp3 allele was inactivated and ErbB2 was over-expressed. Foxp3 bound and repressed the ErbB2 promoter. Deletion, functionally significant somatic mutations and down-regulation of the FOXP3 gene were commonly found in human breast cancer samples and correlated significantly with HER-2 over-expression, regardless of the status of HER-2 amplification. In toto, the data demonstrate that FOXP3 is an X-linked breast cancer suppressor gene and an important regulator of the HER-2/ErbB2 oncogene.
title: Head and Neck - Night at the E.R.
Creators: name: Carvalho, Allana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Inflammation
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: This educational exhibit aims to review imaging findings of usual and unusual Head and Neck cases faced by radiologists while working at emergency rooms...
GAN-GRID: A Novel Generative Attack on Smart Grid Stability Prediction
Creators: name: Efatinasab, Emad
name: Brighente, Alessandro
name: Rampazzo, Mirco
name: Azadi, Nahal
name: Conti, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The smart grid represents a pivotal innovation in modernizing the electricity sector, offering an intelligent, digitalized energy network capable of optimizing energy delivery from source to consumer. It hence represents the backbone of the energy sector of a nation. Due to its central role, the availability of the smart grid is paramount and is hence necessary to have in-depth control of its operations and safety. To this aim, researchers developed multiple solutions to assess the smart grid's stability and guarantee that it operates in a safe state. Artificial intelligence and Machine learning algorithms have proven to be effective measures to accurately predict the smart grid's stability. Despite the presence of known adversarial attacks and potential solutions, currently, there exists no standardized measure to protect smart grids against this threat, leaving them open to new adversarial attacks. In this paper, we propose GAN-GRID a novel adversarial attack targeting the stability prediction system of a smart grid tailored to real-world constraints. Our findings reveal that an adversary armed solely with the stability model's output, devoid of data or model knowledge, can craft data classified as stable with an Attack Success Rate (ASR) of 0.99. Also by manipulating authentic data and sensor values, the attacker can amplify grid issues, potentially undetected due to a compromised stability prediction system. These results underscore the imperative of fortifying smart grid security mechanisms against adversarial manipulation to uphold system stability and reliability.
Palladium and silver abundances in stars with [Fe/H] > -2.6
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaoshu
name: Wang, Liang
name: Shi, Jianrong
name: Zhao, Gang
name: Grupp, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Palladium (Pd) and silver (Ag) are the key elements for probing the weak component in the rapid neutron-capture process (r-process) of stellar nucleosynthesis. We performed a detailed analysis of the high-resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio near-UV spectra from the archive of HIRES on the Keck telescope, UVES on the VLT, and HDS on the Subaru Telescope, to determine the Pd and Ag abundances of 95 stars. This sample covers a wide metallicity range with -2.6 $\lesssim$ [Fe/H] $\lesssim$ +0.1, and most of them are dwarfs. The plane-parallel LTE MAFAGS-OS model atmosphere was adopted, and the spectral synthesis method was used to derive the Pd and Ag abundances from Pd I λ 3404 Å and Ag I λ 3280/3382 Å lines. We found that both elements are enhanced in metal-poor stars, and their ratios to iron show flat trends at -0.6 < [Fe/H] < +0.1. The abundance ratios of [Ag/H] and [Pd/H] are well correlated over the whole abundance range. This implies that Pd and Ag have similar formation mechanisms during the Galactic evolution.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted to A&A
Constrained Quantum Tomography of Semi-Algebraic Sets with Applications to Low-Rank Matrix Recovery
Creators: name: Kech, Michael
name: Wolf, Michael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyze quantum state tomography in scenarios where measurements and states are both constrained. States are assumed to live in a semi-algebraic subset of state space and measurements are supposed to be rank-one POVMs, possibly with additional constraints. Specifically, we consider sets of von Neumann measurements and sets of local observables. We provide upper bounds on the minimal number of measurement settings or outcomes that are required for discriminating all states within the given set. The bounds exploit tools from real algebraic geometry and lead to generic results that do not only show the existence of good measurements but guarantee that almost all measurements with the same dimension characteristic perform equally well. In particular, we show that on an $n$-dimensional Hilbert space any two states of a semi-algebraic subset can be discriminated by $k$ generic von Neumann measurements if $k(n-1)$ is larger than twice the dimension of the subset. In case the subset is given by states of rank at most $r$, we show that $k$ generic von Neumann measurements suffice to discriminate any two states provided that $k(n-1)>4r(n-r)-2$. We obtain corresponding results for low-rank matrix recovery of hermitian matrices in the scenario where the linear measurement mapping is induced by tight frames.
description: Information and Inference, 2016
CP Violation in $D^0\rightarrow K_SK_S$
Creators: name: Nierste, Ulrich
name: Schacht, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct CP asymmetry $a_{CP}^{\mathrm{dir}}(D^0\rightarrow K_SK_S)$ involves exchange diagrams which are induced at tree level in the Standard Model. Since the corresponding topological amplitude $E_{KK}$ can be large, $D^0\rightarrow K_SK_S$ is a promising discovery channel for charm CP violation. We estimate the penguin annihilation amplitude with a perturbative calculation and extract the exchange amplitude $E_{KK}$ from a global fit to $D$ branching ratios. Our results are further used to predict the size of mixing-induced CP violation. We obtain $\vert a_{CP}^{\mathrm{dir}}(D^0\rightarrow K_SK_S)\vert \leq 1.1\%$ (95\% C.L.). The same bound applies to the nonuniversal part of the phase between the $D\!-\overline{\!D}\,$ mixing and decay amplitudes. If future data exceed our predictions, this will point to new physics or an enhancement of the penguin annihilation amplitude by QCD dynamics. We briefly discuss the implications of these possibilities for other CP asymmetries.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. v2: Typos corrected. Note added in proof. Conclusions unchanged. Matches published version
(401722) Boswell Laird Nairn
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Unveiling the Hubble Constant through Galaxy Cluster Gas Mass Fractions
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Javier E.
name: Ferreira, Marcelo
name: Colaço, Leorando R.
name: Holanda, Rodrigo F. L.
name: Nunes, Rafael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we obtain Hubble constant ($H_0$) estimates by using two galaxy cluster gas mass fraction measurement samples, Type Ia supernovae luminosity distances, and the validity of the cosmic distance duality relation. Notably, the angular diameter distance (ADD) to each galaxy cluster in the samples is determined by combining its gas mass fraction measurement with galaxy clustering observations, more precisely, the $Ω_b/Ω_m$ ratio. Such a combination results in a $H_0$ estimate that is independent of a specific cosmological framework. In one of the samples, the gas fraction measurements were calculated in spherical shells at radii near $r_{\rm 2500}$ (44 data points), while in the other (103 data points) the measurements were calculated within $ r_{\rm 500}$. We find $H_0=72.7^{+6.3}_{-5.6}$ km/s/Mpc at 68\% CL for the joint analysis of these data sets. We also investigate the impact on the $H_0$ determination by exploring the precision and number of gas mass fraction data by performing a data Monte Carlo simulation. Our simulations show that future measurements could achieve a precision of up to 5\% for $H_0$.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. H0 estimate updated with joint analysis of the two gas mass fraction samples
(401723) William Curr Nairn
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Astromaterials Data Repository Webinar
Creators: name: Lehnert, Kerstin
name: Mays, Jennifer
name: Profeta, Lucia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: astromaterials
extraterrestrial sample data
submit data

description: Slides from the The Astromaterials Data Repository Webinar containing on overview of the Astromaterials Data System, The Astromaterials Data Repository (AstroRepo) and how to submit data to the repository.
Structural Basis for the Autoinhibition of Focal Adhesion Kinase
Creators: name: Lietha, Daniel
name: Eck, Michael J.
name: Li, Yiqun
name: Ceccarelli, Derek F.J.
name: Schaller, Michael D.
name: Cai, Xinming
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Appropriate tyrosine kinase signaling depends on coordinated sequential coupling of protein-protein interactions with catalytic activation. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) integrates signals from integrin and growth factor receptors to regulate cellular responses including cell adhesion, migration and survival. Here, we describe crystal structures representing both autoinhibited and active states of FAK. The inactive structure reveals a mechanism of inhibition in which the N-terminal FERM domain directly binds the kinase domain, blocking access to the catalytic cleft and protecting the FAK activation loop from Src phosphorylation. Additionally the FERM domain sequesters the Tyr397 autophosphorylation and Src recruitment site, which lies in the linker connecting the FERM and kinase domains. The active phosphorylated FAK kinase adopts a conformation that is immune to FERM inhibition. Our biochemical and structural analysis shows how the architecture of autoinhibited FAK orchestrates an activation sequence of FERM domain displacement, linker autophosphorylation, Src recruitment and full catalytic activation.
The information of high-dimensional time-bin encoded photons
Creators: name: Brougham, Thomas
name: Wildfeuer, Christoph F.
name: Barnett, Stephen M.
name: Gauthier, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the shared information that can be extracted from time-bin entangled photons using frame encoding. We consider photons generated by a general down-conversion source and also model losses, dark counts and the effects of multiple photons within each frame. Furthermore, we describe a procedure for including other imperfections such as after-pulsing, detector dead-times and jitter. The results are illustrated by deriving analytic expressions for the maximum information that can be extracted from high-dimensional time-bin entangled photons generated by a spontaneous parametric down conversion. A key finding is that under realistic conditions and using standard SPAD detectors one can still choose frame size so as to extract over 10 bits per photon. These results are thus useful for experiments on high-dimensional quantum-key distribution system.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Chromosome Congression by Kinesin-5 Motor-Mediated Disassembly of Longer Kinetochore Microtubules
Creators: name: Odde, David J.
name: Salmon, Edward D.
name: Bloom, Kerry
name: Paliulis, Leocadia V.
name: O'Toole, Eileen T.
name: Haase, Julian
name: Winey, Mark
name: Joglekar, Ajit P.
name: Gardner, Melissa K.
name: Bouck, David C.
name: Meehl, Janet B.
name: Soubry, Adelheid
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: During mitosis, sister chromatids congress to the spindle equator and are subsequently segregated via attachment to dynamic kinetochore microtubule (kMT) plus-ends. A major question is how kMT plus-end assembly is spatially regulated to achieve chromosome congression. Here we find in budding yeast that the widely-conserved kinesin-5 sliding motor proteins, Cin8p and Kip1p, mediate chromosome congression by suppressing kMT plus-end assembly of longer kMTs. Of the two, Cin8p is the major effector and its activity requires a functional motor domain. In contrast, the depolymerizing kinesin-8 motor Kip3p plays a minor role in spatial regulation of yeast kMT assembly. Our analysis identified a model where kinesin-5 motors bind to kMTs, move to kMT plus ends, and upon arrival at a growing plus-end promote net kMT plus-end disassembly. In conclusion, we find that length-dependent control of net kMT assembly by kinesin-5 motors yields a simple and stable self-organizing mechanism for chromosome congression.
Constraining axion-gluon coupling in monohadron processes
Creators: name: Bao, Shou-shan
name: Gao, Wenhai
name: Zhang, Hong
name: Zhou, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axion-gluon coupling can be constrained directly through hard exclusive processes at the LHC. Specifically, we study the associated production of a long-lived axion with a $ρ^0$ meson in ultra-peripheral $AA$ collisions and in $pp$ collisions. With the axion escaped from the detector, the final state is characterized by a mono-hadron signature. The main background in our analysis originates from the $ρ^0+π^0$ process, where the photons from the $π^0$ decay are undetected due to limited detector performance. Our analysis yields an exclusion limit of the axion-gluon coupling that is comparable to the limit obtained from the mono-jet process at the LHC.
description: 11pages, 5 figures
(401725) Mabel Boase
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Evolving Spiking Networks with Variable Resistive Memories
Creators: name: Howard, Gerard David
name: Bull, Larry
name: Costello, Ben de Lacy
name: Adamatzky, Andrew
name: Gale, Ella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neuromorphic computing is a brainlike information processing paradigm that requires adaptive learning mechanisms. A spiking neuro-evolutionary system is used for this purpose; plastic resistive memories are implemented as synapses in spiking neural networks. The evolutionary design process exploits parameter self-adaptation and allows the topology and synaptic weights to be evolved for each network in an autonomous manner. Variable resistive memories are the focus of this research; each synapse has its own conductance profile which modifies the plastic behaviour of the device and may be altered during evolution. These variable resistive networks are evaluated on a noisy robotic dynamic-reward scenario against two static resistive memories and a system containing standard connections only. Results indicate that the extra behavioural degrees of freedom available to the networks incorporating variable resistive memories enable them to outperform the comparative synapse types.
description: 27 pages
Coronin 1B Antagonizes Cortactin and Remodels Arp2/3-Containing Actin Branches in Lamellipodia
Creators: name: Schafer, Dorothy A.
name: Makhov, Alexander M.
name: Cai, Liang
name: Bear, James E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The dendritic actin network generated by Arp2/3 complex in lamellipodia underlies formation of protrusions, directional sensing and migration. While the generation of this network is well studied, the mechanisms regulating network disassembly are poorly understood. We report that Coronin 1B disassembles Arp2/3-containing actin filament branches by inducing Arp2/3 dissociation. This activity is antagonized by Cortactin, a filament branch stabilizer. Consistent with this biochemical competition, depletion of both proteins partially rescues defects in lamellipodial dynamics observed upon depletion of either protein alone. Coronin 1B targets actin branches in a manner that is mutually exclusive with Arp2/3 complex and alters the branch angle. We conclude that Coronin 1B replaces Arp2/3 complex at actin filament branches as the dendritic network matures and drives the turnover of branched actin networks.
Two Particle-in-Grid Realisations on Spacetrees
Creators: name: Weinzierl, T.
name: Verleye, B.
name: Henri, P.
name: Roose, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The present paper studies two particle management strategies for dynamically adaptive Cartesian grids at hands of a particle-in-cell code. One holds the particles within the grid cells, the other within the grid vertices. The fundamental challenge for the algorithmic strategies results from the fact that particles may run through the grid without velocity constraints. To facilitate this, we rely on multiscale grid representations. They allow us to lift and drop particles between different spatial resolutions. We call this cell-based strategy particle in tree (PIT). Our second approach assigns particles to vertices describing a dual grid (PIDT) and augments the lifts and drops with multiscale linked cells. Our experiments validate the two schemes at hands of an electrostatic particle-in-cell code by retrieving the dispersion relation of Langmuir waves in a thermal plasma. They reveal that different particle and grid characteristics favour different realisations. The possibility that particles can tunnel through an arbitrary number of grid cells implies that most data is exchanged between neighbouring ranks, while very few data is transferred non-locally. This constraints the scalability as the code potentially has to realise global communication. We show that the merger of an analysed tree grammar with PIDT allows us to predict particle movements among several levels and to skip parts of this global communication a priori. It is capable to outperform several established implementations based upon trees and/or space-filling curves.
title: Who is who? Abdominal aortic endoprosthesis
Creators: name: Lanzarote Vargas, Silvia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Image compression
subject: Aneurysms

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Paraphrasing Claude Bernard, “if you don't know what you are looking at, probably you will not understand what you find“. Our aim is to provide CT-based information as a concise, practical and user-friendly guide on currently approved abdominal...
A Deep XMM-Newton Study of the Hot Gaseous Halo Around NGC 1961
Creators: name: Anderson, Michael E.
name: Churazov, Eugene
name: Bregman, Joel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine 11 XMM-Newton observations of the giant spiral galaxy NGC 1961, allowing us to study the hot gaseous halo of a spiral galaxy in unprecedented detail. We perform a spatial and a spectral analysis; with the former, the hot halo is detected to at least 80 kpc and with the latter its properties can be measured in detail up to 42 kpc. We find evidence for a negative gradient in the temperature profile as is common for elliptical galaxies. We measure a rough metallicity profile, which is consistent with being flat at $Z \sim 0.2 Z_{\odot}$. Converting to this metallicity, the deprojected density profile is consistent with previous parametric fits, with no evidence for a break within 42 kpc ($\sim$0.1R$_{\text{vir}}$). Extrapolating to the virial radius, we infer a hot halo mass comparable to the stellar mass of the galaxy, and a baryon fraction from the stars and hot gas of around 30%. The cooling time of the hot gas is orders of magnitude longer than the dynamical time, making the hot halo stable against cooling instabilities, and we argue that an extended stream of neutral Hydrogen seen to the NW of this galaxy is instead likely due to accretion from the intergalactic medium. The low metallicity of the hot halo suggests it too was likely accreted. We compare the hot halo of NGC 1961 to hot halos around isolated elliptical galaxies, and show that the total mass determines the hot halo properties better than the stellar mass.
description: accepted to MNRAS
On the Plethora of Representations Arising in Noncommutative Quantum Mechanics and An Explicit Construction of Noncommutative 4-tori
Creators: name: Chowdhury, S. Hasibul Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a 2-parameter family of unitarily equivalent irreducible representations of the triply extended group $\g$ of translations of $\mathbb{R}^{4}$ associated with a family of its 4-dimensional coadjoint orbits and show how a continuous 2-parameter family of gauge potentials emerges from these unitarly equivalent representations. We show that the Landau and the symmetric gauges of noncommutative quantum mechanics, widely used in the literature, in fact, belong to this 2-parameter family of gauges. We also provide an explicit construction of noncommutative 4-tori and compute the associated star products using the unitary dual of the group $\g$ that was studied at length in an earlier paper (\cite{ncqmjpa}). Finally, we construct projective modules over such noncommutative 4-tori and compute constant curvature connections on them using Rieffel's method.
description: 34 pages, no figure, section V on NCQM gauges is entirely revised and new interpretation added
Search for non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in final states with leptons, taus, and photons in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is presented for non-resonant Higgs boson pair production, targeting the $bbZZ$, 4$V$ ($V$ = $W$ or $Z$), $VVττ$, 4$τ$, $γγVV$ and $γγττ$ decay channels. Events are categorised based on the multiplicity of light charged leptons (electrons or muons), hadronically decaying tau leptons, and photons. The search is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$. No evidence of the signal is found and the observed (expected) upper limit on the cross-section for non-resonant Higgs boson pair production is determined to be 17 (11) times the Standard Model predicted cross-section at 95% confidence level under the background-only hypothesis. The observed (expected) constraints on the $HHH$ coupling modifier, $κ_λ$, are determined to be $-6.2 < κ_λ < 11.6$ ($-4.5 < κ_λ < 9.6$) at 95% confidence level, assuming the Standard Model for the expected limits and that new physics would only affect $κ_λ$.
description: 60 pages total, author list starting page 43, 10 figures, 10 tables, published in JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HDBS-2019-04
HMGA2, MicroRNAs, and Stem Cell Aging
Creators: name: Hammond, Scott M.
name: Sharpless, Norman E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Mammalian aging results from a replicative decline in the function of somatic stem cells and other self-renewing cells. Recent studies (Monzen et al., 2008; Nishino et al., 2008; Sanna et al., 2008; Weedon et al., 2008) link a chromatin-associated protein, HMGA2, to development, height, and mouse stem cell aging during late fetal development and young adulthood.
The PAU Survey: galaxy stellar population properties estimates with narrowband data
Creators: name: Csizi, Benjamin
name: Tortorelli, Luca
name: Siudek, Małgorzata
name: Gruen, Daniel
name: Renard, Pablo
name: Tallada-Crespí, Pau
name: Sanchez, Eusebio
name: Miquel, Ramon
name: Padilla, Cristobal
name: García-Bellido, Juan
name: Gaztañaga, Enrique
name: Casas, Ricard
name: Serrano, Santiago
name: De Vicente, Juan
name: Fernandez, Enrique
name: Eriksen, Martin
name: Manzoni, Giorgio
name: Baugh, Carlton M.
name: Carretero, Jorge
name: Castander, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Narrowband galaxy surveys have recently gained interest as a promising method to achieve the necessary accuracy on the photometric redshift estimate of individual galaxies for stage-IV cosmological surveys. One key advantage is the ability to provide higher spectral resolution information about galaxies that should allow a more accurate and precise estimation of galaxy stellar population properties. However, the impact of adding narrow-band photometry on the stellar population properties estimate is largely unexplored. The scope of this work is two-fold: on one side, leveraging the predictive power of broad-band and narrow-band data to infer galaxy physical properties such as stellar masses, ages, star formation rates and metallicities. On the other hand, evaluating the improvement of performance in estimating galaxy properties when we use narrow-band data instead of broad-band. In this work we measure the stellar population properties of a sample of galaxies in the COSMOS field for which both narrowband and broadband data are available. In particular, we employ narrowband data from PAUS and broad-band data from CFHTLS. We use two different spectral energy distribution fitting codes to measure galaxy properties, namely CIGALE and Prospector. We find that the increased spectral resolution of narrow-band photometry does not yield a substantial improvement on constraining galaxy properties using spectral energy distribution fitting. Still we find that we obtain a more diverse distribution of metallicities and dust optical depths with cigale when employing the narrowband data. The effect is not as prominent as expected, which we relate this to the low narrowband SNR of a majority of the galaxies, the respective drawbacks of both codes as well as the coverage only in the optical regime. The measured properties are afterwards compared to the COSMOS2020 catalogue, showing good agreement.
description: Published in A&A. 18 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables
(401720) George K Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Iohexol is not necessarily associated with an increase in the incidence of acute kidney injury
Creators: name: Zhang, Shu-Hang
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Kidney
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Safety
subject: Acute
subject: Blood

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Currently, intravascular injection of contrast medium (CM) administration is considered to be closely related to iatrogenic acute kidney injury which called contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) or contrast induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI).[1, 2,...
Implications for Kinetochore-Microtubule Attachment from the Structure of an Engineered Ndc80 Complex
Creators: name: De Luca, Jennifer G.
name: Pasqualato, Sebastiano
name: Screpanti, Emanuela
name: Salek, Mogjiborahman
name: Moores, Carolyn A.
name: Rappsilber, Juri
name: Polka, Jessica
name: Dos Reis, Gabriel
name: Santaguida, Stefano
name: Maiolica, Alessio
name: De Wulf, Peter
name: Musacchio, Andrea
name: Ciferri, Claudio
name: Salmon, Edward D.
name: Varetti, Gianluca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Kinetochores are proteinaceous assemblies that mediate the interaction of chromosomes with the mitotic spindle. The 180 kDa Ndc80 complex is a direct point of contact between kinetochores and microtubules. Its four subunits contain coiled coils and form an elongated rod structure with functional globular domains at either end. We crystallized an engineered “bonsai” Ndc80 complex containing a shortened rod domain but retaining the globular domains required for kinetochore localization and microtubule binding. The structure reveals a microtubule-binding interface containing a pair of tightly interacting calponin-homology (CH) domains with a previously unknown arrangement. The interaction with microtubules is cooperative and predominantly electrostatic. It involves positive charges in the CH domains and in the N-terminal tail of the Ndc80 subunit and negative charges in tubulin C-terminal tails and is regulated by the Aurora B kinase. We discuss our results with reference to current models of kinetochore- microtubule attachment and centromere organization.
(401721) George Clement Lindsay Boase
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Rydberg blockade, Förster resonances, and quantum state measurements with different atomic species
Creators: name: Beterov, I. I.
name: Saffman, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate interspecies Rydberg-Rydberg interaction strengths for the heavy alkalis Rb and Cs. The presence of strong Förster resonances makes interspecies coupling a promising approach for long range entanglement generation. We also provide an overview of the strongest Förster resonances for Rb-Rb and Cs-Cs using different principal quantum numbers for the two atoms. We show how interspecies coupling can be used for high fidelity quantum non demolition state measurements with low crosstalk in qubit arrays.
description: v2 angular dependence corrected, 10 figures