cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chromosome integrity at a double-strand break requires exonuclease 1 and MRX
Creators: name: Yeh, Elaine
name: Westmoreland, Jim
name: Bloom, Kerry
name: Resnick, Michael A.
name: Nakai, Wataru
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The continuity of duplex DNA is generally considered a prerequisite for chromosome continuity. However, as previously shown in yeast as well as human cells, the introduction of a double-strand break (DSB) does not generate a chromosome break (CRB) in yeast or human cells. The transition from DSB to CRB was found to be under limited control by the tethering function of the RAD50/MRE11/XRS2 (MRX) complex. Using a system for differential fluorescent marking of both sides of an endonuclease-induced DSB in single cells, we found that nearly all DSBs are converted to CRBs in cells lacking both exonuclease 1 (EXO1) activity and MRX complex. Thus, it appears that some feature of exonuclease processing or resection at a DSB is critical for maintaining broken chromosome ends in close proximity. In addition, we discovered a thermal sensitive (cold) component to CRB formation in an MRX mutant that has implications for chromosome end mobility and/or end-processing.
Measuring academic influence: Not all citations are equal
Creators: name: Zhu, Xiaodan
name: Turney, Peter
name: Lemire, Daniel
name: Vellino, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The importance of a research article is routinely measured by counting how many times it has been cited. However, treating all citations with equal weight ignores the wide variety of functions that citations perform. We want to automatically identify the subset of references in a bibliography that have a central academic influence on the citing paper. For this purpose, we examine the effectiveness of a variety of features for determining the academic influence of a citation. By asking authors to identify the key references in their own work, we created a data set in which citations were labeled according to their academic influence. Using automatic feature selection with supervised machine learning, we found a model for predicting academic influence that achieves good performance on this data set using only four features. The best features, among those we evaluated, were those based on the number of times a reference is mentioned in the body of a citing paper. The performance of these features inspired us to design an influence-primed h-index (the hip-index). Unlike the conventional h-index, it weights citations by how many times a reference is mentioned. According to our experiments, the hip-index is a better indicator of researcher performance than the conventional h-index.
title: Investigating phagocytic markers in Juvenile-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (JSLE) monocytes and macrophages
Creators: name: Harris, David
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Background Juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is a chronic, severe, multi-systemic autoimmune disease. Impaired phagocytic function has been implicated as an initial step in the pathogenesis of this disease, in relation to the clearance of cells undergoing apoptosis. The apoptotic process has been shown to be dysregulated in neutrophils, and these cells, and others, are thought to represent a burden of autoantigen-presenting apoptotic cells. After a sequence of immune cell activation, the result is the production of autoantibodies forming immune complexes which cause deleterious effects at end-organs. As key phagocytes, the phenotypes of JSLE macrophages, and their precursors monocytes, have been investigated to determine the extent of their role in the development of JSLE. Aim To elucidate phenotype and phagocytic function of monocytes and macrophages as a potential important contributing factor to the development of JSLE. Methods Monocytes were separated from processed whole blood of JSLE patients and paediatric healthy controls (HC), and either retained or cultured to macrophages, with the RNA extracted. RNA was converted to cDNA and real-time qPCR performed with primers for CD36, MER, and CR3, with expression standardised against that of β2M. Concentrations of soluble MER (sMER) were measured in JSLE, JIA and HC plasma samples by ELISA. These samples were diluted to a concentration of 1 in 5, following validation and optimisation conducted through spike and recovery. Adult HC monocytes were incubated with pHrodo E. coli for 30 minutes in JSLE and control plasma and serum, and phagocytosis was measured by flow cytometry. Adult HC monocytes were exposed to a number of environments (LPS, IFNα, TNFα, apoptotic neutrophils) for 2 and 6 hours. Supernatant was extracted and tested by human total MER ELISA, and monocyte RNA was extracted and RT-qPCR performed. Results Increased mRNA levels of CD36 were present in JSLE monocytes (p=0.025) but no differences found with MER or CR3 expression compared with HC monocytes, no differences in expression of these markers in macrophages. CR3 was down-regulated in both JSLE monocytes and macrophages, but no other differences were statistically significant. The concentrations of sMER were significantly greater in JSLE patients compared with HC (p
Nonhomologous end joining: A good solution for bad ends
Creators: name: Waters, Crystal A.
name: Wyatt, David W.
name: Ramsden, Dale A.
name: Strande, Natasha T.
name: Pryor, John M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Double strand breaks pose unique problems for DNA repair, especially when broken ends possess complex structures that interfere with standard DNA transactions. Nonhomologous end joining can use multiple strategies to solve these problems. It further uses sophisticated means to ensure the strategy chosen provides the ideal balance of flexibility and accuracy.
title: An investigation into the changing set of relationships between football clubs, football supporters and the media
Creators: name: Alexander Cleland, Jamie
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: In the late nineteenth century, when football became a professional sport and a league structure was formed, a stable 'relationship triangle' consisting of football clubs, football supporters and the media was quickly created. For instance, football clubs needed the support from society, football needed publicity to maintain interest in the game and football supporters demanded news on fixtures, results and league tables. These relationships remained fairly fixed for nearly a century until the 1980s, when radical changes began to occur in the industry, such as the Taylor Report, the involvement of 'new' media and 'new' fans and alterations to the organisational structure and size of some football clubs.
Futurescan 2: Collective Voices - Contents
Creators: name: Figshare Admin Futurescan
Publisher: name: FUTURESCAN
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120306 Textile and Fashion Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Contents of Futurescan 2: Collective Voices, Sheffield Hallam University, 10th-11th January 2013.

Futurescan 2: Collective Voices
Edited by Helena Britt, Sally Wade and Kerry WaltonDecember 2013ISBN: 978 1 907382 64 2
Changing occupations or changing companies - predictors of different types of premature contract terminations in dual vocational education and training programs
Creators: name: Findeisen, Stefanie
name: Ramseier, Lukas
name: Neuenschwander, Markus
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: In Switzerland, access to non-academic occupations requires the completion of a vocational education and training (VET) program. Over two-thirds of adolescents choose to start a dual VET program after compulsory education. However, this path from school to work is not always linear, and changes can be a means of adjusting wrong career choices. In the context of dual VET, two types of adjustments that occur frequently can be distinguished: (1) change of occupations and (2) change of companies. The present study aims to examine the predictors of each of those two types of changes. First, we are interested in the link between individuals’ intentions to change their career paths and actual changes. When changes are intended by the trainee and aimed at correcting wrong career choices, actual changes can generally be expected to be predicted by change intentions. Second, we are interested in the role of person-job fit (P-J fit) as well as trainees’ socialization and performance indicators. Third, we examine to what extent trainees’ decisions to change occupations or companies can be predicted by pre-entry factors (perceived P-J fit and effort during compulsory education before the transition to VET). We used a longitudinal sample of adolescents at the end of compulsory school and at the end of their first year in a dual VET program in Switzerland. This data set is combined with government data on actual changes regarding individuals’ training companies and their occupations. The two types of adjustments were examined in separate structural equation models that compared trainees without any types of adjustments during their training program (1) to those who changed occupations (N = 417) and (2) to those who changed training companies. The results show that actual occupational changes and actual company changes of trainees are affected by the same work-context predictors (negative effect of trainees’ self-perceived work performance) and pre-entry predictors (negative effect of effort during compulsory education). However, in contrast to changes of training companies, changes of occupations are significantly predicted by trainees’ intentions to change. Moreover, while P-J fit during the VET program is the only direct predictor of trainees’ intentions to change occupations, intentions to change companies are not significantly predicted by P-J fit. Intentions to change companies are negatively affected by companies’ socialization tactics and positively affected by adolescents’ pre-entry effort. Overall, the results call for a more differentiated assessment of changes/ premature contract terminations in future studies. Whether change intentions are a valid proxy for actual change behavior seems to depend on the type of changes that trainees decide to make.
Futurescan 2: Collective Voices - Foreword
Creators: name: Britt, Helena
name: Wade, Sally
name: Walton, Kerry
Publisher: name: FUTURESCAN
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120306 Textile and Fashion Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Foreword for Futurescan 2: Collective Voices, Sheffield Hallam University, 10th-11th January 2013.

Futurescan 2: Collective Voices
Edited by Helena Britt, Sally Wade and Kerry WaltonDecember 2013ISBN: 978 1 907382 64 2
title: Computational problems in matrix semigroups
Creators: name: Charles Bell, Paul
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This thesis deals with computational problems that are defined on matrix semigroups, which playa pivotal role in Mathematics and Computer Science in such areas as control theory, dynamical systems, hybrid systems, computational geometry and both classical and quantum computing to name but a few. Properties that researchers wish to study in such fields often turn out to be questions regarding the structure of the underlying matrix semigroup and thus the study of computational problems on such algebraic structures in linear algebra is of intrinsic importance. Many natural problems concerning matrix semigroups can be proven to be intractable or indeed even unsolvable in a formal mathematical sense. Thus, related problems concerning physical, chemical and biological systems modelled by such structures have properties which are not amenable to algorithmic procedures to determine their values. With such recalcitrant problems we often find that there exists a tight border between decidability and undecidability dependent upon particular parameters of the system. Examining this border allows us to determine which properties we can hope to derive algorithmically and those problems which will forever be out of our reach, regardless of any future advances in computational speed. There are a plethora of open problems in the field related to dynamical systems, control theory and number theory which we detail throughout this thesis. We examine undecidability in matrix semigroups for a variety of different problems such as membership and vector reachability problems, semigroup intersection emptiness testing and freeness, all of which are well known from the literature. We also formulate and survey decidability questions for several new problems such as vector ambiguity, recurrent matrix problems, the presence of any diagonal matrix and quaternion matrix semigroups, all of which we feel give a broader perspective to the underlying structure of matrix semigroups.
Keynote: The Art of Trends
Creators: name: Lieshout, Claudia
Publisher: name: FUTURESCAN
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120306 Textile and Fashion Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Keynote presented at Futurescan 2: Collective Voices, Sheffield Hallam University, 10th-11th January 2013.

Futurescan 2: Collective Voices
Edited by Helena Britt, Sally Wade and Kerry WaltonDecember 2013ISBN: 978 1 907382 64 2
Polynomial Cohomology and Polynomial Maps on Nilpotent Groups
Creators: name: Kyed, David
name: Petersen, Henrik Densing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a refined version of group cohomology and relate it to the space of polynomials on the group in question. We show that the polynomial cohomology with trivial coefficients admits a description in terms of ordinary cohomology with polynomial coefficients, and that the degree one polynomial cohomology with trivial coefficients admits a description directly in terms of polynomials. Lastly, we give a complete description of the polynomials on a connected, simply connected nilpotent Lie group by showing that these are exactly the maps that pull back to classical polynomials via the exponential map.
description: v3: minor changes; to appear in Glasgow Mathematical Journal. v2: significant changes compared to v1; the result on quasi-isometry classification of csc nilpotent Lie groups removed due to a flaw in the proof
title: Investigation into the role of chaperones in the secretion of haemolysin from Escherichia coli
Creators: name: P. Whitehead, J.
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Haemolysin is a 107 kDa protein which is secreted independently of the general export pathway. It contains a C-terminal signal which directs its secretion through a trans-envelope translocator, comprised of the proteins HlyB, HlyD and TolC. It was reasonsed that because haemolysin is exported post-translationally it may interact with molecular chaperones to maintain a 'loosely folded' secretion-competent conformation. Investigations carried out indicate that the general export chaperone SecB is not required for the efficient secretion of haemolysin. Preliminary studies using a secB null mutant, in which secretion was significantly reduced, suggested that SecB was essential for efficient secretion. However, further assays using a SecB sequestering approach and complementation of the secB null mutant indicated that SecB is not required either directly, to modulate haemolysin folding, or indirectly in the assembly of the membrane translocator. The reduced secretion by the secB null mutant is probably due to the pleiotropic effects of the mutation. The SecB sequestering approach has also been reproduced in a T7 expression strain using a newly constructed T7 sequesterer. Following further characterisation, this T7 sequestering approach may be used in pulse-chase experiments without the need for immunoprecipitation, enabling the requirements of exported proteins for SecB to be determined in the absence of specific antisera. Further investigations into the possible requirement of chaperones in the secretion of haemolysin have shown the presence of the fully functional chaperonin GroEL to be a strict requirement for efficient secretion of haemolysin. Using a temperature-sensitive groEL mutant, the level of haemolysin secretion was dramatically reduced at both the permissive and non-permissive temperatures.
Autonomous Brownian motor driven by nonadiabatic variation of internal parameters
Creators: name: Plyukhin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an autonomous motor based on a Brownian particle driven from thermal equilibrium by periodic in time variation of the internal potential through which the particle interacts with molecules of the surrounding thermal bath. We demonstrate for such a motor the absence of a linear response regime: The average driving force and drift velocity are shown to be quadratic in both the frequency and amplitude of the variation. The adiabatic approximation (of an infinitely slow variation) and the leading correction to it (linear in the variation's frequency) both lead to zero drift and are insufficient to describe the motor's operation.
description: To appear in J. Stat. Phys
title: Studies of the infections of wild bird populations in north west England
Creators: name: Anne Hughes, Laura
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Little is known about the epidemiology of infection in wild birds. However, such infections can be zoonotic, transmitted to domestic livestock or both. Previous studies have resulted in conflicting evidence and views as to the role played by wild birds in the epidemiology of infectious diseases. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of a range of bacterial and viral pathogens in wild birds, over appropriate temporal and spatial scales, in order to begin to understand the (potential) role that birds play in the ecology of infectious diseases; in particular, to determine if wild birds act as sources and/or reservoirs of infection for human beings and/or domestic animals. This was achieved by carrying out a series of cross-sectional studies of wild bird populations in north-west England over a two year period. Samples collected from wild birds were examined for bacterial and viral agents including Campylobacter spp., verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., influenza A virus, avian paramyxovirus type-I, avian metapneumovirus, coronavirus and West Nile virus. Microorganisms were characterised using an array of microbiological and molecular techniques. Phylogenetic and epidemiological analyses were carried out to investigate host-pathogen ecology and evolution and to determine risk factors for the carriage of these agents by wild birds. Salmonellosis in wild passerines was found to be caused by a narrow range of possibly host-adapted S. Typhimurium strains, which were capable of invading and persisting in avian cells, susceptible to antimicrobials and contained a range of virulence genes, but lacked a gene that has been associated with some epidemic strains of S. Typhimurium in humans and livestock. It is suggested that S. Typhimurium infection in wild passerines is maintained within wild bird populations and it is unlikely that these strains represent a large zoonotic risk.
Keynote: The 7th Sense Minding the Gap
Creators: name: Mears, Ben
Publisher: name: FUTURESCAN
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120306 Textile and Fashion Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Keynote presented at Futurescan 2: Collective Voices, Sheffield Hallam University, 10th-11th January 2013.

Futurescan 2: Collective Voices
Edited by Helena Britt, Sally Wade and Kerry WaltonDecember 2013ISBN: 978 1 907382 64 2
title: Women-only space
Creators: name: Power, Collette
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The primary aim of this research is to explore why women create and utilise women-only space. This thesis explores this question from the perspectives of the women who occupy these environments. It examines the experiences of women from four different spaces located in the United Kingdom. For the purposes of this thesis, women-only space is defined as space created, occupied and maintained by women for women. I argue that though the subject of women-only space is an under-researched subject area many different kinds of women continue to use and benefit from these spaces in a variety of ways. This contradiction provides one of the motivations for conducting empirical research which seeks to address deficits in knowledge and theorisation relating to the subject. Participants locate their discussion of women-only space in relation to lesbian separatism and confirm the continued relevance of particular aspects of this ideology and practice. Participants concur with a number of lesbian separatist writers (Hoagland 1988 and Penelope and Dixon 1988) that separation is valuable to some women and offers a degree of safety and opportunities for empowerment. This thesis also explores aspects of postmodern, postfeminist and Queer theorisations and some of the implications they have for the concept of gender separation and separatism. Considering some of the socio-political and cultural changes which have impacted on women's status since lesbian separatism was conceived, this work considers claims that there is a need to look again at the subject of separatism in order to revise our understandings and expectations of this practice. Illustrating the points at which women's experiences and perceptions diverge from lesbian separatism, this work also goes on to consider alternative models of separation including Dixon's (1988) model of 'graduated separatism'. While continuing to affirm the fundamental value of gender separation, this model I propose, if developed has the potential to provide a more flexible and inclusive form of separatism.
title: Petrological and petrophysical characteristics of a siliciclastic caprock
Creators: name: Joseph Armitage, Peter
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Fine grained siliciclastic lithologies commonly act as sealing caprocks to both petroleum fields and host reservoirs for CO2 sequestration, and are of great importance in controlling fluid flow and storage. Despite this, they are rarely characterised in terms of sedimentology, diagenesis, or how these relate to caprock quality. This thesis aims to improve our understanding of caprocks through petrological study using standard techniques to analyse caprocks in terms of paragenetic sequences and sequential processes and then use this to find out the key intrinsic and extrinsic controls on porosity, and thus caprock quality. Subsequently, direct experimental measurement of permeability and its relation to petrological and other petrophysical data is used to test the quality of the caprock and the controls on caprock quality.
Single molecule studies of DNA mismatch repair
Creators: name: Weninger, Keith R.
name: Erie, Dorothy A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: DNA mismatch repair involves is a widely conserved set of proteins that is essential to limit genetic drift in all organisms. The same system of proteins plays key roles in many cancer related cellular transactions in humans. Although the basic process has been reconstituted in vitro using purified components, many fundamental aspects of DNA mismatch repair remain hidden due in part to the complexity and transient nature of the interactions between the mismatch repair proteins and DNA substrates. Single molecule methods offer the capability to uncover these transient but complex interactions and allow novel insights into mechanisms that underlie DNA mismatch repair. In this review, we discuss applications of single molecule methodology including electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, particle tracking, FRET, and optical trapping to studies of DNA mismatch repair. These studies have led to formulation of mechanistic models of how proteins identify single base mismatches in the vast background of matched DNA and signal for their repair.
title: Computational models of trust
Creators: name: Erriquez, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Trust and reputation are key issues in the multi-agent systems domain. As in human societies, software agents must interact with other agents in settings where there is the possibility that they can be exploited. This suggests the need for theoretical and computational models of trust and reputation that can be used by software agents, and accordingly, much research has investigated this issue. The ﬁrst part of this thesis investigates the conjecture that agents who make decisions in scenarios where trust is important can beneﬁt from the use of a social structure, representing the social relationships that exist between agents. To this end, we present techniques that can be used by agents to initially build and then progressively update such a structure in the light of experience. As the agents interact with other agents they gather information about interactions and relationships in order to build the network of agents and to better understand their social environment. We also show empirical evidence that a trust model enhanced with a social structure representation, used to gather additional information to select trustworthy agents for an agent’s interactions, can improve the trust model’s performance. In the second part of this thesis, we concentrate on the context of coalition formation. Coalition stability is a crucial issue. Stability is the motivation of an agent’s refusal to break from the original coalition and form a new one. Lack of trust in some of the coalition members could induce one agent to leave the coalition. Therefore we address the current model’s limitation by introducing an abstract framework that allows agents to form distrust-free coalitions. Moreover we present measures to evaluate the trustworthiness of the agent with respect to the whole society or to a particular coalition. We also describe a way to combine the trust and distrust relationships to form coalitions which are still distrust-free.
title: Financial reporting and corporate governance disclosures of Indian banks: an empirical analysis
Creators: name: Hossain, Mohammed
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The study focuses on the financial reporting practices of Indian banking companies. Its purpose is to examine empirically, the ~ssociation between a number of corporate attributes and levels of disclosure in corporate annual reports as well as to determine the quality of financial reporting. Most of the previous research in this area has concentrated on non-financial companies in both developed and developing countries, with the result that research on financial companies, and especially banking companies, is limited. India is the largest country in South Asia with a huge financial system and banks that were established according to the British pattern. Recent financial stress in East Asian economies, has urged the \Vorld Bank, and IMF to promote financial stability and greater disclosure and transparency in banking companies. Within this framework, and in order to measure more specifically, the extent of disclosure, the study covering 38 banks (68% of the sample) listed on the stock exchanges in India, has been undertaken. A total of 184 items of information comprising both mandatory (101) and voluntary (81) items have been selected, and a linear regression model has been developed in order to examine the relationship between various corporate attributes and the level of disclosure. The findings indicate that age, diversification, profitability, corporate governance, stock exchange, complexity of business and assets-in-place variables are significant, and other variables such as age, audit, dividend, are insignificant in explaining the level of disclosure. In addition, in terms of disclosure compliance, Indian banks scored as high as 97 with an average of 88 in mandatory items, whilst in respect of voluntary items, 34 was the highest score, with an average of25. The above findings indicate that Indian banks are very compliant with the mandatory rules and regulations, and thus will build up confidence among global investors, depositors and regulatory authorities as well as international financial institutions. On the other hand, it is found that Indian banks are far behind in disclosing voluntary items. However, the extent of overall disclosure depends on companies' attributes. This study has contributed to the academic literature highlighting the phenomenon that if there is an existence of a close monitoring system including regulatory authorities and regulations in the country, it is possible to have high compliance with disclosure legislation. This is obviously true in the case of India and the Indian banking sector. The outcome of the study will be of help to policy-makers concerned with practices associated with financial reporting in the developing countries in particular, thereby instilling confidence among global investors in the Indian financial sector.
RELIABILITY AND SCALABILITY OF DIFFERENT CONTROLLERS IN SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORK
Creators: name: Er. CHIMAN SAINI
name: Dr. PUNEET SAPRA
name: Er. POONAM KUKANA
name: Er. SUKHJINDER KAUR
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ---

description: Abstract
Software defined network (SDN) is a computer-based solution that, as a smart network manager, creates a single control plane to monitor the entire network system that only transmits data, rather than handling each system alone that is wasting time and effort. The transformation from physical network to SDN poses significant challenges which need to be deeply considered. Scalability and reliability are considered as important factor affecting the SDN network. In general, the reliability and scalability requirements are as follows: the chosen data rate during the transmission of information, the elimination of a single cause of failure, which increases the controller's availability, and finally, there are several topologies that enable scalable network architecture. Moreover, these requirements must be fulfilled within the SDN framework. We analyze in depth the structure of several controllers (i.e., hierarchical, scattered, and centralized). We examined controller failure program that improves SDN network flexibility and allows the infrastructure more robust and scalable.
Structural insights into NHEJ: Building up an integrated picture of the dynamic DSB repair super complex, one component and interaction at a time
Creators: name: Radhakrishnan, Sarvan Kumar
name: Lees-Miller, Susan P.
name: Tainer, John A.
name: Ramsden, Dale
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) is the major pathway for repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in human cells. NHEJ is also needed for V(D)J recombination and the development of T and B cells in vertebrate immune systems, and acts in both the generation and prevention of non-homologous chromosomal translocations, a hallmark of genomic instability and many human cancers. X-ray crystal structures, cryo-electron microscopy envelopes, and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) solution conformations and assemblies are defining most of the core protein components for NHEJ: Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer; the DNA dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs); the structure-specific endonuclease Artemis along with polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase (PNKP), aprataxin and PNKP related protein (APLF); the scaffolding proteins XRCC4 and XLF (XRCC4-like factor); DNA polymerases, and DNA ligase IV (Lig IV). The dynamic assembly of multi-protein NHEJ complexes at DSBs is regulated in part by protein phosphorylation. The basic steps of NHEJ have been biochemically defined to require: 1) DSB detection by the Ku heterodimer with subsequent DNA-PKcs tethering to form the DNA-PKcs-Ku-DNA complex (termed DNA-PK), 2) lesion processing, and 3) DNA end ligation by Lig IV, which functions in complex with XRCC4 and XLF. The current integration of structures by combined methods is resolving puzzles regarding the mechanisms, coordination and regulation of these three basic steps. Overall, structural results suggest the NHEJ system forms a flexing scaffold with the DNA-PKcs HEAT repeats acting as compressible macromolecular springs suitable to store and release conformational energy to apply forces to regulate NHEJ complexes and the DNA substrate for DNA end protection, processing, and ligation.
Keynote: How can making transcend disciplines to offer value and insight into subjects related to the body?
Creators: name: Solomon, Rhian
name: Sissons, Juliana
Publisher: name: FUTURESCAN
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120306 Textile and Fashion Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Keynote presented at Futurescan 2: Collective Voices, Sheffield Hallam University, 10th-11th January 2013.

Futurescan 2: Collective Voices
Edited by Helena Britt, Sally Wade and Kerry WaltonDecember 2013ISBN: 978 1 907382 64 2
title: A CC1π+/CCQE cross-section ratio measurement on carbon using the T2K near detector
Creators: name: Murdoch, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: T2K is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment designed to measure the θ23 and θ13 mixing angles to high precision using νμ disappearance and νe appearance respectively. A major component of the T2K near detector is the electromagnetic calorimeter; the construction, commissioning and operation of the ECal is describe in detail in this thesis. T2K uses the dominant CCQE neutrino interaction as a clean and simple signal in oscillation measurements. However, other interaction processes interfere with the oscillation measurements, a large contribution to this interference for νμ analyses is from CC1π+ interactions. This thesis measures the νμ CC1π+/CCQE cross-section ratio on C8H8 using the T2K near detector. As an internal consistency check, the flux integrated ratio is calculated as RMC = 0.235 ± 0.019Stat ± 0.047Syst for MC and RData = 0.237. The ratio is also measured as a function of incident neutrino energy and finds an agreement with NEUTMC of χ2/NDOF = 6.6/6.
Regularity of absolutely continuous invariant measures for piecewise expanding unimodal maps
Creators: name: Contreras, Fabian
name: Dolgopyat, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $f : [0, 1] \to [0, 1]$ be a piecewise expanding unimodal map of class $C^{k+1}$, with $k \geq 1$, and $μ= ρdx$ the (unique) SRB measure associated to it. We study the regularity of $ρ$. In particular, points $\mathcal{N}$ where $ρ$ is not differentiable has zero Hausdorff dimension, but is uncountable if the critical orbit of $f$ is dense. This improves on a work of Szewc (1984). We also obtain results about higher orders of differentiability of $ρ$ in the sense of Whitney.
Keynote: Making Space - The Past, Present and Future of the Creative Environment
Creators: name: Woolley, Martin
Publisher: name: FUTURESCAN
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120306 Textile and Fashion Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Keynote presented at Futurescan 2: Collective Voices, Sheffield Hallam University, 10th-11th January 2013.

Futurescan 2: Collective Voices
Edited by Helena Britt, Sally Wade and Kerry WaltonDecember 2013ISBN: 978 1 907382 64 2
Extraction of the Schottky parameters in metal-semiconductor-metal diodes from a single current-voltage measurement
Creators: name: Nouchi, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to develop a method to extract the parameters of the two inherent Schottky contacts from a single current-voltage (I-V) characteristic curve, the I-V characteristics of metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) diodes with asymmetric Schottky barrier heights are theoretically investigated using the thermionic emission model. The MSM diode structure is commonly used because an additional MS interface is required for the electrical characterization of MS diodes. A finite charge-injection barrier is generally formed at the additional interface. When a local maximum was detected in the first-order derivative of the measured I-V characteristics for a MSM diode, the parameters for the Schottky contacts, the zero-bias barrier heights of both MS interfaces, the series resistance of the MSM diode and the effective ideality factor for the MS diode with a higher barrier could be extracted using this method.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Energia
Creators: name: Gentilini, Marco
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2023
Subjects: ING-IND/17 Impianti industriali meccanici

description: Vengono trattati i fondamenti generali di energetica e i principi di funzionamento e gli schemi di realizzazione degli impianti non convenzionali, (nucleari a fissione e a fusione), e da fonti rinnovabili, (solare, idraulico, eolico, biomasse, geotermico), per la produzione di energia e i sistemi avanzati di conversione energetica, (celle a combustibile, fotovoltaica, magnetofluidodinamica, termoelettrica diretta, termoelettronica). Vengono forniti i criteri generali di analisi degli investimenti e dei profitti per l'ottimizzazione dei sistemi impiantistici e i criteri di economia energetica degli impianti di produzione e conversione energetica. Si esaminano i criteri tecnici ed economici degli interventi per il risparmio e il recupero energetico e l'impiego di rifiuti e inquinanti per la produzione di combustibili pregiati.
title: Third- and all- order results for semi-inclusive QCD hard processes
Creators: name: Lo Presti, Nicola
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: In this thesis we present third-order corrections to heavy-quark production in photonexchange deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) and we study the resummation of leading and sub-leading contributions to DIS and other QCD hard processes at large values of the Bjorken variable x. We provide approximate next-to next-to-leading order (NNLO) corrections for the heavy-quark contribution to the structure function F2 in photon-exchange DIS. This is achieved by extending and combining the available NNLO information from different kinematic limits. In particular, we predict the full logarithmic behaviour of the coefficient functions near the threshold of heavy-quark production applying soft-gluon exponentiation (SGE). We utilize available all order-result in the high-energy limit to derive an analytic NNLO expression for the dominant contributions in this limit. Finally from known even integer Mellin moments of the heavy-quark operator matrix elements, as well as from the already mentioned high-energy behaviour, we construct an approximation for the heavy-quark coefficient functions at asymptotically large values of the exchanged momentum squared Q2. By combining these individual results we construct NNLO coefficient functions for heavy-quark DIS which, while still being approximate, represent the most comprehensive results possible at this point. The resulting improvement of the prediction, as well as the low-Q2 small-x limitations of the present NNLO results, are then illustrated in a phenomenological study. In the second part of this thesis we address the all-order resummation of QCD quantities in the large-x limit for which SGE is not applicable. After reviewing the resummation method that will be employed and the already available results for inclusive DIS (for which we will provide a closed analytic formula at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy for the first time), we apply this method to electronpositron semi-inclusive annihilation (SIA). Also in this case, closed analytic formulae for the resummed time-like splitting and coefficient functions at NNLL accuracy are presented. This resummation method is then applied to the off-diagonal partonic cross sections in Drell-Yan lepton pair production and in Higgs hadro-production, for which we are able to resum only the leading logarithmic (LL) contributions.
The endogenous exposome
Creators: name: Moeller, Benjamin
name: Bodnar, Wanda
name: Sharma, Vyom
name: Nakamura, Jun
name: Lai, Yongquan
name: Swenberg, James
name: Yu, Rui
name: Lu, Kun
name: Collins, Leonard
name: Mutlu, Esra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The concept of the Exposome, is a compilation of diseases and one’s lifetime exposure to chemicals, whether the exposure comes from environmental, dietary, or occupational exposures; or endogenous chemicals that are formed from normal metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, infections, and other natural metabolic processes such as alteration of the gut microbiome. In this review, we have focused on the Endogenous Exposome, the DNA damage that arises from the production of endogenous electrophilic molecules in our cells. It provides quantitative data on endogenous DNA damage and its relationship to mutagenesis, with emphasis on when exogenous chemical exposures that produce identical DNA adducts to those arising from normal metabolism cause significant increases in total identical DNA adducts. We have utilized stable isotope labeled chemical exposures of animals and cells, so that accurate relationships between endogenous and exogenous exposures can be determined. Advances in mass spectrometry have vastly increased both the sensitivity and accuracy of such studies. Furthermore, we have clear evidence of which sources of exposure drive low dose biology that results in mutations and disease. These data provide much needed information to impact quantitative risk assessments, in the hope of moving towards the use of science, rather than default assumptions.
The Human-Mould-Fashion Relationship: Fungi Applications for Future Design Scenarios in Fashion and Textiles Fabrication
Creators: name: Ivanova, Ninela
Publisher: name: FUTURESCAN
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120306 Textile and Fashion Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Research paper presented at Futurescan 2: Collective Voices, Sheffield Hallam University, 10th-11th January 2013.

Futurescan 2: Collective Voices
Edited by Helena Britt, Sally Wade and Kerry WaltonDecember 2013ISBN: 978 1 907382 64 2
Proof of a Conjecture on Contextuality in Cyclic Systems with Binary Variables
Creators: name: Kujala, Janne V.
name: Dzhafarov, Ehtibar N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81P13, 81Q99, 60A99

description: We present a proof for a conjecture previously formulated by Dzhafarov, Kujala, and Larsson (Foundations of Physics, in press, arXiv:1411.2244). The conjecture specifies a measure for the degree of contextuality and a criterion (necessary and sufficient condition) for contextuality in a broad class of quantum systems. This class includes Leggett-Garg, EPR/Bell, and Klyachko-Can-Binicioglu-Shumovsky type systems as special cases. In a system of this class certain physical properties $q_{1},...,q_{n}$ are measured in pairs $(q_{i},q_{j})$; every property enters in precisely two such pairs; and each measurement outcome is a binary random variable. Denoting the measurement outcomes for a property $q_{i}$ in the two pairs it enters by $V_{i}$ and $W_{i}$, the pair of measurement outcomes for $(q_{i},q_{j})$ is $(V_{i},W_{j})$. Contextuality is defined as follows: one computes the minimal possible value $Δ_{0}$ for the sum of $\Pr[V_{i}\not=W_{i}]$ (over $i=1,...,n$) that is allowed by the individual distributions of $V_{i}$ and $W_{i}$; one computes the minimal possible value $Δ_{\min}$ for the sum of $\Pr[V_{i}\not=W_{i}]$ across all possible couplings of (i.e., joint distributions imposed on) the entire set of random variables $V_{1},W_{1},...,V_{n},W_{n}$ in the system; and the system is considered contextual if $Δ_{\min}>Δ_{0}$ (otherwise $Δ_{\min}=Δ_{0}$). This definition has its justification in the general approach dubbed Contextuality-by-Default, and it allows for measurement errors and signaling among the measured properties. The conjecture proved in this paper specifies the value of $Δ_{\min}-Δ_{0}$ in terms of the distributions of the measurement outcomes $(V_{i},W_{j})$.
description: This version has two typos found in the published article corrected (Foundations of Physics 46, 282-299, 2016; Eq. 7 and Section 1.4.)
The Genome Sequence of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis: Functional Annotation and Extended Analysis of Gene Models
Creators: name: da Silveira, J. F.
name: Barbieri, C. L.
name: Vidal, R. O.
name: Mieczkowski, P.
name: Bahia, D.
name: Pereira, G. A. G.
name: e Ferreira, R. C.
name: Mortara, R. A.
name: Briones, M. R. d. S.
name: Carazzolle, M. F.
name: Mondego, J. M. C.
name: Herai, R. H.
name: de Carvalho, L. M.
name: Costa, G. G. L.
name: Wurtele, M.
name: Real, F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We present the sequencing and annotation of the Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis genome, an etiological agent of human cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Amazon region of Brazil. L. (L.) amazonensis shares features with Leishmania (L.) mexicana but also exhibits unique characteristics regarding geographical distribution and clinical manifestations of cutaneous lesions (e.g. borderline disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis). Predicted genes were scored for orthologous gene families and conserved domains in comparison with other human pathogenic Leishmania spp. Carboxypeptidase, aminotransferase, and 3′-nucleotidase genes and ATPase, thioredoxin, and chaperone-related domains were represented more abundantly in L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (L.) mexicana species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these two species share groups of amastin surface proteins unique to the genus that could be related to specific features of disease outcomes and host cell interactions. Additionally, we describe a hypothetical hybrid interactome of potentially secreted L. (L.) amazonensis proteins and host proteins under the assumption that parasite factors mimic their mammalian counterparts. The model predicts an interaction between an L. (L.) amazonensis heat-shock protein and mammalian Toll-like receptor 9, which is implicated in important immune responses such as cytokine and nitric oxide production. The analysis presented here represents valuable information for future studies of leishmaniasis pathogenicity and treatment.
The effects of oxygen stresses on the development of features of severe retinopathy of prematurity: knowledge from the 50/10 OIR model
Creators: name: Elizabeth Hartnett, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: To describe the effects of oxygen fluctuations and supplemental oxygen (SO), stresses relevant to preterm infants today, on growth factor expression and activation of signaling pathways associated with intravitreous neovascularization and avascular retina, features of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).