cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Finite-volume correction on the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to muon g-2 in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Izubuchi, Taku
name: Kuramashi, Yoshinobu
name: Lehner, Christoph
name: Shintani, Eigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the finite-volume correction on the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon g-2 ($a_μ^{\rm hvp}$) in lattice QCD at (near) physical pion mass using two different volumes: $(5.4~{\rm fm})^4$ and $(8.1~{\rm fm})^4$. We use an optimized AMA technique for noise reduction on $N_f=2+1$ PACS gauge configurations with stout-smeared clover-Wilson fermion action and Iwasaki gauge action at a single lattice cut-off $a^{-1}=2.33$ GeV. The calculation is performed for the quark-connected light-quark contribution in the isospin symmetric limit. We take into account the effects of backward state propagation by extending a temporal boundary condition. In addition we study a quark-mass correction to tune to the exactly same physical pion mass on different volume and compare those correction with chiral perturbation. We find $10(26)\times10^{-10}$ difference for light quark $a_μ^{\rm hvp}$ between $(5.4~{\rm fm})^4$ and $(8.1~{\rm fm})^4$ lattice in 146 MeV pion.
Camelus dromedarius Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Camelidae
Camelus
Camelus dromedarius

description: Camelus dromedarius [spec. nov.]
C. topho dorsi unico. Syst. nat. 13. n. 1.
Camelus unico in dorso gibbo. Raj. quadr. 143.
Camelus. Jonst. quadr. t. 41. Gesn. quadr. 159. Aldr. bis. 908.
Habitat in Africae desertis arenosis siticulosis.
Callos in pedibus anterioribus 4, in posterioribus 2, in sterno 1. gerit. Ventriculus secundus cellulosus pro aqua pura diutius asservanda per siticulosa deserta. Onera portat, lente festinat, lassus jacet super pectus.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 65, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 1: of Waves of chromatin modifications in mouse dendritic cells in response to LPS stimulation
Creators: name: Vandenbon, Alexis
name: Yutaro Kumagai
name: Mengjie Lin
name: Suzuki, Yutaka
name: Nakai, Kenta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Contains supplementary results, supplementary methods, supplementary tables, and supplementary figures. (PDF 5904 kb)
Camelus bactrianus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Camelidae
Camelus
Camelus bactrianus

description: Camelus bactrianus [spec. nov.]
C. tophis dorsi duobus. Syst. nat. 13. n. 2.
Dromedarius. Jonst. quadr. 1. 44. f. 1.
Camelus. Gesn. quadr. 151. Aldr. bis. 907.
Habitat in Africa.
Cursu antecedente celerior, pro magnatibus, rarior.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 65, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Camelus glama Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Camelidae
Camelus
Camelus glama

description: Camelus glama [spec. nov.]
C. dorso laevi, topho pectorali. Syst. nat. 13. n. 3.
Camelus peruvianus Glama dictus. Raj. quadr. 145.
Pelon ichiatloquitli. Hern. mex. 660.
Habitat in America meridionali. Frigoris impatiens.
Cicuratur, onera portat, fatigata succumbit, compressis testiculis obstinax compellitur; vomitu hostem pellit, saepe Catocho obnoxia.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 65, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 1: of Maternal socioeconomic factors and the risk of premature birth and low birth weight in Cyprus: a caseâ control study
Creators: name: Stylianou-Riga, Paraskevi
name: Kouis, Panayiotis
name: Kinni, Paraskevi
name: Rigas, Angelos
name: Papadouri, Thalia
name: Yiallouros, Panayiotis
name: Mamas Theodorou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Study Questionnaire in English language. (DOCX 24Â kb)
A Precision test of Hipparcos systematics towards the Hyades
Creators: name: Narayanan, Vijay K.
name: Gould, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and apply a test that can detect any systematic errors in the Hipparcos parallaxes towards the Hyades cluster at the level of 0.3 mas. We show that the statistical parallax method subsumes the classical moving cluster methods and provides more accurate and robust estimates of the distance and the first two moments of the velocity distribution of the Hyades cluster namely, its bulk space velocity and the velocity dispersion tensor. We predict the parallaxes of Hyades cluster members using the common cluster space velocity derived from the statistical parallax method and their individual Hipparcos proper motions. We show that the parallaxes determined in this manner (pi_pm) are consistent at the 1-sigma level with the parallaxes (pi_orb) of three Hyades spectroscopic binary systems with orbital solutions. We find that = 0.52 +- 0.47 mas, where the error is dominated by the errors in the orbital parallaxes. A reduction in this error would allow a test of the systematic errors in the Hipparcos parallaxes at the 0.3 mas level. If the Hyades distance scale is fixed by Hipparcos parallaxes, then its bulk velocity in equatorial coordinates is (Vx,Vy,Vz) = (-5.70 +- 0.20, 45.62 +- 0.11, 5.65 +- 0.08)km/s, its velocity dispersion is 320 +- 39 m/s, and the distance modulus to the centroid of our sample of 43 cluster members is 3.34 +- 0.02 mag.
description: 23 pages including 2 Figures and 2 Tables, revised version to appear in ApJ, Apr 10, 1999, Vol. 515#1, includes a new section listing the "Assumptions" and a more detailed description of cluster membership
Using propensity score to adjust for unmeasured confounders in small area studies of environmental exposures and health
Creators: name: Wang, Yingbo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Small area studies are commonly used in epidemiology to assess the impact of risk factors on health outcomes when data are available at the aggregated level. However the estimates are often biased due to unmeasured confounders which cannot be taken into account. Integrating individual-level information into area-level data in ecological studies may help reduce bias. To investigate this, I develop an area/ecological level propensity score (PS) to integrate individual-level data and then synthesise the area-level PS with routinely available area-level datasets, such as hospital episode statistics (HES) and census data. This framework comprises three steps: 1. Individual level survey data is used to obtain information on the potential confounders, which are not measured at the area-level. Using a Bayesian hierarchical framework I synthesise these variables and calculate PS at the ecological level, taking into the account the correlation among the potential confounders. 2. The calculated PS is included as a scalar quantity in the regression model linking environmental exposure/risk factors and health outcome. As PS has no epidemiological interpretation, I introduce a number of flexible functions to allow for nonlinear effects, such as fixed-knot splines, reversible jump MCMC (RJ) and random walk (RW). 3. As real surveys are typically characterized by a limited coverage compared to small area studies, I impute the ecological PS in the areas with no survey coverage. I propose two new imputation models: random walk and cluster imputation (including a) regression tree and b) profile regression ) to relax the assumption of linearity, and through simulations, both imputation models are proven to produce better results than the traditional linear imputation model. I conclude that integrating individual-level data via PS is a promising method to reduce the bias intrinsic in ecological studies due to unmeasured confounders and I introduce a real application on small area studies for evaluating the effect of air pollution on CVD hospital admissions in England.
Quark-antiquark potential from a deformed AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Bruni, Rodrigo C. L.
name: Capossoli, Eduardo Folco
name: Boschi-Filho, Henrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we calculate the static limit of the energy for a quark-antiquark pair from the Nambu-Goto action using a holographic approach with a deformed AdS space, with warp factor $\exp\{(κz)^n/n\}$. From this energy we derive the Cornell potential for the quark-antiquark interaction. We also find a range of values for our parameters which fits exactly the Cornell potential parameters. In particular, setting the zero energy of the Cornell potential at 0.33 fermi, we find that $κ=0.56$ GeV and $n=1.3$.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. V3: Abstract changed, typos corrected, text improved, new appendix, figures 1 and 2 slightly different, figure 2 now presents explicitly our result for the Cornell Potential, results unchanged." To appear in AHEP
Advanced lithium-ion battery modelling for automotive applications
Creators: name: Von Srbik, Marie-Therese
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: A novel electrical circuit analogy is proposed to model electrochemical systems under realistic automotive operation conditions. The model is developed for a lithium ion battery and is based on a pseudo 2D electrochemical model. It calculates the evolution of species concentration distribution and diffusion for a given current load, as a result of electrochemical reactions. The application example is an automotive system, in which results are obtained at a rate faster than real-time and well within the accuracy requirements of a typical Battery Management System (BMS). This is the first Equivalent Circuit Network (ECN)-type model that tracks directly the evolution of species inside the cell, and includes implementation of complex electrochemical phenomena usually omitted such as double layer capacitance and overpotentials due to mass transport limitations in the electrode host material. Three networks, one for each of the three species present, electrons, Li ions, and intercalated Li atoms, are connected through a triple species element, which governs the conversion between species at the resulting activation, diffusion and passivating layer overpotentials. The link between the three networks is an important feature of this model, coupling information of each of the three joining circuit networks at this node. The model is fully thermally coupled and can account for capacity fade via a decrease in the amount of active species and for power fade via an increase in a resistive solid electrolyte inter-phase layer at both electrodes. The model’s capability to simulate cell behaviour under dynamic events from 0% to 100% State-of-Charge (SoC) conditions is demonstrated with various test procedures. Examples for model output are given for various standard battery testing load cycles as well as realistic automotive drive cycle loads. Although cast in the framework familiar to application engineers, the model is essentially an electrochemical battery model: all variables have a direct physical interpretation and there is direct access to all states of the cell via the model variables (species concentrations, potentials) for the later purpose of control systems design. Further model extensions are easily implemented atop the current framework. The presented methodology is further applicable for electrochemical system performance evaluation and prediction of battery performance in any kind of portable battery-powered electronic device and application with low computational power availability and online solution requirements.
Camelus pacos Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Camelidae
Camelus
Camelus pacos

description: Camelus pacos [spec. nov.]
C. tophis nullis, corpore lanato. Syst. nat. 13. n. 4.
Camelus peruvianus laniger Pacos dictus. Raj. quadr. 147.
Habitat in America meridionali.
Totus sanguineus, subtus albus; Pedes didactyli. Priori minor, magis lanatus, nec oneribus portandis par.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 66, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Neutrino fluence after r-process freeze-out and abundances of Te isotopes in presolar diamonds
Creators: name: Qian, Y. -Z.
name: Vogel, P.
name: Wasserburg, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the data of Richter et al. (1998) on Te isotopes in diamond grains from a meteorite, we derive bounds on the neutrino fluence and the decay timescale of the neutrino flux relevant for the supernova r-process. Our new bound on the neutrino fluence F after freeze-out of the r-process peak at mass number A = 130 is more stringent than the previous bound F < 0.045 (in units of 10**37 erg/cm**2) of Qian et al. (1997) and Haxton et al. (1997) if the neutrino flux decays on a timescale tau > 0.65 s. In particular, it requires that a fluence of F = 0.031 be provided by a neutrino flux with tau < 0.84 s. Such a fluence may be responsible for the production of the solar r-process abundances at A = 124-126 (Qian et al. 1997; Haxton et al. 1997). Our results are based on the assumption that only the stable nuclei implanted into the diamonds are retained while the radioactive ones are lost from the diamonds upon decay after implantation (Ott 1996). We consider that the nanodiamonds are condensed in an environment with C/O > 1 in the expanding supernova debris or from the exterior H envelope. The implantation of nuclei would have occurred 10**4-10**6 s after r-process freeze-out. This time interval may be marginally sufficient to permit adequate cooling upon expansion for the formation of diamond grains. The mechanisms of preferential retention/loss of the implanted nuclei are not well understood.
description: AASTeX, 11 pages, 3 Postscript figures
Constrained energy minimization based upscaling for coupled flow and mechanics
Creators: name: Vasilyeva, Maria
name: Chung, Eric T.
name: Efendiev, Yalchin
name: Kim, Jihoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, our aim is to present (1) an embedded fracture model (EFM) for coupled flow and mechanics problem based on the dual continuum approach on the fine grid and (2) an upscaled model for the resulting fine grid equations. The mathematical model is described by the coupled system of equation for displacement, fracture and matrix pressures. For a fine grid approximation, we use the finite volume method for flow problem and finite element method for mechanics. Due to the complexity of fractures, solutions have a variety of scales, and fine grid approximation results in a large discrete system. Our second focus in on constructing the upscaled coarse grid poroelasticity model for fractured media. Our upscaled approach is based on the nonlocal multicontinuum (NLMC) upscaling for coupled flow and mechanics problem, which involves computations of local basis functions via an energy minimization principle. This concept allows a systematic upscaling for processes in the fractured porous media, and provides an effective coarse scale model whose degrees of freedoms have physical meaning. We obtain a fast and accurate solver for the poroelasticity problem on a coarse grid and, at the same time, derive a novel upscaled model. We present numerical results for the two dimensional model problem.
Additional file 1: of Ibrutinib suppresses LPS-induced neuroinflammatory responses in BV2 microglial cells and wild-type mice
Creators: name: Nam, Hye
name: Nam, Jin
name: Gwangho Yoon
name: Lee, Ju-Young
name: Youngpyo Nam
name: Kang, Hye-Jin
name: Hyun-Ji Cho
name: Jeongyeon Kim
name: Hyang-Sook Hoe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. Post-treatment with ibrutinib significantly decreased LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine COX-2, IL-6, and iNOS mRNA levels. Figure S2. Ibrutinib did not reduce any LPS-mediated increases in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in primary astrocytes. Figure S3. Ibrutinib decreased LPS-induced cell-surface levels of TLR4s. Figure S4. Ibrutinib did not reduce LPS-induced ERK/JNK/P38 signaling. Figure S5. Ibrutinib itself decreased p-AKT and p-STAT3 levels compared to vehicle treatment. Figure S6. Ibrutinib modulates LPS-induced nuclear p-STAT3 (Ser 727) levels in an AKT-independent manner. Figure S7. Ibrutinib itself did not reduce BV2 microglial cell migration. (DOCX 17300Â kb)
Analysis of DNA mismatch repair system from Neisseria meningitidis
Creators: name: Xue, Liang
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Neisseria meningitidis (N. meningitidis) mismatch repair (MMR) proteins MutS (NmMutS) and MutL (NmMutL) are reported to be involved in phase variation, which helps this bacterial pathogen survive in the human host. The MMR system is responsible for the correction of mismatch errors that occur during DNA replication. Unlike the extensively studied E. coli system, MMR from N. meningitidis lacks MutH endonuclease and is poorly understood in terms of its coordination and mechanism of strand discrimination. This project aims to investigate the function of MMR enzymes of N. meningitis via in vitro assays. As an irreplaceable polymerase in MMR, DNA Polymerase III holoenzyme (DNA Pol III HE) was reconstituted from individual components in good yield in vitro. Furthermore, in gel shift assays, NmMutS exhibited weak mismatch binding, while E. coli MutS bound a mismatched DNA with high affinity. NmMutL non-specifically bound to DNA duplexes without mismatch discrimination. The NmMutS and NmMutL combination also bound to non-specific DNA that pointed towards a downstream activity of NmMutL, rather than mismatch recognition. NmMutL carried out Mn2+-dependent nuclease activity with low mismatch specificity in in vitro assays, and exhibited different degrees of digestion on two strands of the mismatched DNA in the presence of Mg2+. The nuclease assay also suggest that NmMutS may enhance the mismatch specific nuclease activity of NmMutL. The addition of ATP inhibited the nuclease activity of NmMutL under different mental ion conditions. This study assessed roles and interactions of NmMutS and NmMutL in the initiation of N. meningitidis MMR system which coordinated with ATP and metal ions in vitro.
Dust in the Cores of Early-Type Galaxies
Creators: name: van Dokkum, P. G.
name: Franx, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dust properties of all early-type galaxies imaged with the Planetary Camera of the HST in cycles I-III are examined. Dust is detected in 31 out of 64 galaxies, although the sample is biased against the detection of dust. From the distribution of observed axis ratios of the dust features it is inferred that 78 \pm 16% of early-type galaxies contain nuclear dust. From the dependence of the angle between dust major axis and galaxy major axis on size and appearance of the dust, it is found that dust features with semi-major axis size a_d > 250 pc are generally not settled. If it is assumed that dust lanes with a_d < 250 pc are in equilibrium in the galaxy potential, the observed distribution of misalignment angles can only be explained if elliptical galaxies have a mean triaxiality >= 0.4. The best fit is obtained for = 0.8, higher than values derived through other methods. This difference cannot be explained by a dependence of $\langle T \rangle$ on radius. Therefore, it seems dust is not always completely relaxed, even on the smallest scales. Furthermore, the rotation axis of the dust does not generally coincide with that of the stars. This seems to suggest that the dust is acquired from outside, and has some way of losing its angular momentum efficiently.
description: 28 pages, uu-encoded PS file including 7 figures. Figure 8 available upon request from dokkum@astro.rug.nl. To appear in AJ, Nov 1995 issue
Red Parkes-Quasars: Evidence for Soft X-ray Absorption
Creators: name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Drinkwater, Michael J.
name: Webster, Rachel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Parkes Half-Jansky Flat Spectrum Sample contains a large number of sources with unusually red optical-to-near-infrared continua. If this is to be interpreted as extinction by dust in the line-of-sight, then associated material might also give rise to absorption in the soft X-ray regime. This hypothesis is tested using broadband (0.1-2.4 keV) data from the {\it ROSAT} All-Sky Survey provided by Siebert et al. (1998). Significant ($>3σ$ confidence level) correlations between optical (and near-infrared)--to--soft X-ray continuum slope and optical extinction are found in the data, consistent with absorption by material with metallicity and a range in gas-to-dust ratio as observed in the local ISM. Under this simple model, the soft X-rays are absorbed at a level consistent with the range of extinctions ($0< A_{V}< 6$ magnitudes) implied by the observed optical reddening. Excess X-ray absorption by warm (ionised) gas, (ie. a `warm absorber') is not required.
description: 23 pages of text, 3 figures, to appear in Jan 10 (1999) issue of The Astrophysical Journal
A Fourth-Order Adaptive Mesh Refinement Algorithm for the Multicomponent, Reacting Compressible Navier-Stokes Equations
Creators: name: Emmett, Matthew
name: Motheau, Emmanuel
name: Zhang, Weiqun
name: Minion, Michael
name: Bell, John B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a fourth-order in space and time block-structured adaptive mesh refinement algorithm for the compressible multicomponent reacting Navier-Stokes equations. The algorithm uses a finite volume approach that incorporates a fourth-order discretization of the convective terms. The time stepping algorithm is based on a multi-level spectral deferred corrections method that enables explicit treatment of advection and diffusion coupled with an implicit treatment of reactions. The temporal scheme is embedded in a block-structured adaptive mesh refinement algorithm that includes subcycling in time with spectral deferred correction sweeps applied on levels. Here we present the details of the multi-level scheme paying particular attention to the treatment of coarse-fine boundaries required to maintain fourth-order accuracy in time. We then demonstrate the convergence properties of the algorithm on several test cases including both nonreacting and reacting flows. Finally we present simulations of a vitiated dimethyl ether jet in 2D and a turbulent hydrogen jet in 3D, both with detailed kinetics and transport.
Unresolved Wind-Driven Shells and the Supersonic Velocity Dispersion in Giant HII Regions
Creators: name: Tenorio-Tagle, G.
name: Munoz-Tunon, C.
name: Fernandes, R. Cid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of giant shells or loops in giant HII regions are clear witness of the mechanical energy input from massive stars. Here we evaluate the impact that winds may have on the structure of giant nebulae and on their supersonic velocity dispersion. We follow the suggestion from Chu \& Kennicutt (1994) to see if a combination of a large number of unresolved wind-driven shells caused by massive stars could produce the integrated broad Gaussian profiles typical of giant HII regions. The results, accounting for a wide range of energies, densities and velocity or age of the expanding shells, show that supersonic Gaussian profiles may arise only from a collection of unresolved wind-driven shells if the shells present a peculiar velocity distribution which implies a strongly peaked age distribution leading to an awkward star formation history. On the other hand, a uniform distribution of ages originates profiles with a flat-topped core defined by the terminal shell velocity and a steep decay as $v^{-6}$ up to the largest detectable shell speed. Thus, supersonic profiles can arise only if the final speed of the unresolved shells is supersonic. This implies an equally supersonic random speed of motions in the ionized gas disrupting the shells before they slow down to subsonic speeds. It also implies a mechanism, independent of the shells caused by massive stars, responsible for the supersonic stirring of the background medium. These facts together with the conditions for shells to remain unresolved to present day devices (energies, final speeds and ages), indicate that the winds may be produced by low-mass stars. In this latter case, if the sources move supersonically in the gravitational potential of the whole system they could stir the gas, with their
description: uuencoded gzipped postscript. The complete preprint is also available at http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/preprint/PrePrint.html
title: A family of gods : a diachronic study of the cult of the divi/divae in the Latin West
Creators: name: McIntyre, Gwynaeth
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02wn5qz54
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the establishment and development of the worship of the emperor and his family members in the Latin West, tracing specifically the cult of those who were officially deified at Rome and received the title of divus or diva. It seeks to answer three questions: 1. Does uniformity of cult practices and priestly titles increase or decrease over time 2. What prompted change in cult practice (reflected in priestly titles) and how was this change managed? 3. What factors influenced the choices made by communities throughout the Latin West concerning these cults? It addresses these questions through a number of specific case studies. It begins with a study of how the practice of deification (consecratio) was established and how it developed within the city of Rome. It then examines priestly titles associated with the cult of the divi/divae in three groups of provinces: the Gauls, the Spains, and the provinces of North Africa. Finally, it discusses the spread of the worship of the divi/divae throughout the empire by examining the Augustales (and other variations on this title) and the priests responsible for overseeing cult to individual divi/divae. The evidence discussed is primarily epigraphical but is supplemented with numismatic, archaeological and literary evidence where it is available. This thesis addresses a number of hypotheses concerning Rome’s role in the development of cult in the Latin West, principally, that cult was imposed on communities in the provinces by the centre, that the establishment of cult was based on a series of models and adopted in similar ways throughout the provinces, and that the coloniae were responsible for bringing Roman culture and religion to the peregrine communities. It argues that even though some provincial cults were established through direct intervention from members of the imperial family, it was still up to the communities themselves to oversee cult practice and finance the cult. In the case of civic cult, there is little to no evidence of involvement from the centre. Civic cult was established by local initiative and did not originate in the coloniae and spread to other communities. Instead, it tended to arise in peregrine communities (and municipia) from the earliest development of this cult (as well as some coloniae) as individual communities sought to forge a connection with the imperial family and find their place within, and in connection to, the Roman Empire.
Moschus Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Moschidae
Moschus

description: Moschus [gen. nov.]
Cornua nulla.
Dentes Laniarii superiores solitarii exserti.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 66, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Fracture related dolomitization in the Central Oman mountains
Creators: name: Beckert, Julia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The characteristics of late diagenetic dolomite bodies (DT2) were studied focussing on distribution patterns, compositional trends, diagenetic history as well as diagenetic and sedimentary fabrics. DT2 dolomite bodies are exposed in Lower Permian platform carbonates and represent a stratigraphic analogue for subsurface Khuff deposits. Two types of dolomitisation are interpreted to have affected the platform carbonate succession referred to as early diagenetic (ED) dolomite (shallow burial origin) and late diagenetic (DT2) dolomite (medium to deep burial). DT2 bodies were found to follow predominantly the strike direction of fracture planes, bed-tobed contacts, the Precambrian-Permian unconformity and the bottom rim of early diagenetic dolomite. DT2 dolomite bodies are furthermore associated with brecciated fabrics of up to tens of metres in diameter interpreted as collapsed karst cavities formed by either meteoric or hypogenic fluids. The timing of the brecciation is interpreted to postdate shallow burial early diagenetic dolomitisation. The dolomitised matrix indicates a migration of late dolomitising fluids subsequent to or postdating the collapse of the karstic cavities. Two groups of diagenetic fabrics were observed in DT2 dolomite bodies in association to fractures and bedding planes. First, vug related fabrics comprise vuggy pores and zebra dolomite. Second, breccia related fabrics (centimetre scale) consist of either small-scale crackle/ mosaic breccia fabrics and centimetre sized vugs followed by bedding-parallel vugs. Christmas tree geometries, saddle dolomite cements and zebra textures indicate a DT2 dolomite formation by ascending fluids of at least 60 degrees. The regional ascent of dolomitising fluids is interpreted to be triggered by large scale faults in Precambrian rocks underlying Permian platform carbonates in the area ofWadi Mistal and Sahtan. The lateral distribution of fluids between both Wadis is most likely controlled by cherts, fine grained turbidites and volcanoclastics of the Fara Formation. The edges of DT2 dolomite bodies were subsequently exploited by hot deep basinal brines which potentially caused recrystallisation. Hyperspectral imaging enabled the detection of inaccessible DT2 dolomite bodies. However, the study revealed strong spectral variations in the spectra of DT2 dolomite across the Central Oman Mountains which is linked to weathering and dedolomitisation.
Self-regulating galaxy formation as an explanation for the Tully-Fisher relation
Creators: name: Elizondo, D.
name: Yepes, G.
name: Kates, R.
name: Müller, V.
name: Klypin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 3D hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation with supernova feedback and a multiphase medium, we derive theoretical relations analogous to the observed Tully-Fisher (TF) relations in various photometric bands. This paper examines the influence of self-regulation mechanisms including supernova feedback on galaxy luminosities and the TF relation in three cosmological scenarios (CDM, ΛCDM and BSI (broken scale invariance)). The galaxy catalogs derived from our hydrodynamical simulations lead to an acceptably small scatter in the theoretical TF relation amounting to ΔM =0.2-0.4 in the I band, and increasing by 0.1 magnitude from the I-band to the B-band. Our results give strong evidence that the tightness of the TF relation cannot be attributed to supernova feedback alone. However, although eliminating supernova feedback hardly affects the scatter, it does influence the slope of the TF relation quite sensitively. With supernova feedback, L \propto V_c^{3-3.5} (depending on the strength of supernova feedback). Without it, L \propto V_c^{2} as predicted by the virial theorem with constant M/L. The luminosity functions in the B and K bands are quite sensitive to supernova feedback at the faint end studied here. We find that the faint end of the B-band luminosity function (-18 \leq M_B \leq -15) has a slope that is steeper than the Stromlo-APM estimate, but in rough agreement with the recent ESO Slice Project estimates.
description: AAS Latex preprint. 20 pages with figures included. Submitted to Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 8: of Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) expert consensus for CMR imaging endpoints in clinical research: part I - analytical validation and clinical qualification
Creators: name: Puntmann, Valentina
name: Valbuena, Silvia
name: Rocio Hinojar
name: Petersen, Steffen
name: Greenwood, John
name: Kramer, Christopher
name: Kwong, Raymond
name: McCann, Gerry
name: Berry, Colin
name: Nagel, Eike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Vascular CMR measurements. Table 3e.1: Comparative (validation) studies for CMR vascular endpoints with alternative techniques. Table 3e.2: Reproducibility of vascular endpoints. Table 3: Normal values for aortic dimensions (Table A), PWV and aortic distensibility (Table B) with CMR according to age and sex. Table 4: Outcome studies with PWV with CMR confirming the predictive associations. (DOCX 49 kb)
Monte Carlo Simulations of Macho Parallaxes From a Satellite
Creators: name: Boutreux, Thomas
name: Gould, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three ongoing microlensing experiments have found more candidate events than expected from the known stars. These experiments measure only one parameter of the massive compact halo objects (machos), the magnification time scale of the events. More information is required to understand the nature of the machos. A satellite experiment has been proposed to measure their projected transverse speed $\tilde{v} = v/(1-z)$, where $v$ is the macho transverse speed and $z$ its distance divided by the distance of the source. Measurement of $\tilde{v}$ would determine whether the machos were in the Galactic disk, Galactic halo, or in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We simulate events observed toward the LMC by the Earth and by a satellite in an Earth like heliocentric orbit. To leading order, such an experiment determines $\tilde{v}$ up to a two fold degeneracy. More precise measurements break the degeneracy. We show that with photometric precisions of 3\% to 4\% and approximately 1 observation per day, $\tilde{v}$ can be measured with a maximum error of 20\% for 70\% to 90\% of events similar to the ones reported by the EROS and MACHO collaborations. The projected transverse velocity is known with the same maximum error for 60\% to 75\% of these events. This 20\% maximum error is not a 1 $σ$ error but is mostly due to degeneracy between two possible solutions, each one being localized to much better than 20\%. These results are obtained with an Earth-satellite separation of 1 AU, and are improved by a larger separation.
description: 23 pages, uuencoded postscript, includes 5 embedded figures
Distribution Matching Losses Can Hallucinate Features in Medical Image Translation
Creators: name: Cohen, Joseph Paul
name: Luck, Margaux
name: Honari, Sina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper discusses how distribution matching losses, such as those used in CycleGAN, when used to synthesize medical images can lead to mis-diagnosis of medical conditions. It seems appealing to use these new image synthesis methods for translating images from a source to a target domain because they can produce high quality images and some even do not require paired data. However, the basis of how these image translation models work is through matching the translation output to the distribution of the target domain. This can cause an issue when the data provided in the target domain has an over or under representation of some classes (e.g. healthy or sick). When the output of an algorithm is a transformed image there are uncertainties whether all known and unknown class labels have been preserved or changed. Therefore, we recommend that these translated images should not be used for direct interpretation (e.g. by doctors) because they may lead to misdiagnosis of patients based on hallucinated image features by an algorithm that matches a distribution. However there are many recent papers that seem as though this is the goal.
description: Published at Medical Image Computing & Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2018). An abstract is published at the Medical Imaging with Deep Learning Conference (MIDL 2018) as "How to Cure Cancer (in images) with Unpaired Image Translation"
Moschus moschiferus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Moschidae
Moschus
Moschus moschiferus

description: Moschus moschiferus [spec. nov.]
Moschus. Syst. nat. 13.
Animal moschiferum. Raj. quadr. 127.
Capreolus moschi. Gesn. quadr. 695.
Capra moschus. Aldr. bisulc. 743. Jonst. quadr. 55. t. 39.
Moschus. Schr�ck. monogr. t. 44.
Habitat in Tataria versus Chinam.
Moschus substantia unctuosa ambrosiaca e folliculo prope umbilicum.
Schr�cki Historia Moschi. Wien. 1682. quart.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 66, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Deciphering glacial-interglacial Southern Ocean dynamics with deep-sea corals
Creators: name: Struve, Torben
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Recent observations and past reconstructions have highlighted the significance of the Southern Ocean for modern and past ocean circulation patterns. Deep wind-induced upwelling renders the Southern Ocean unique, such that deep waters are brought directly to the surface where they can exchange with the atmosphere. Moreover, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) is the dominant feature of Southern Ocean circulation linking all ocean basins and facilitating the inter-basin exchange of ocean properties. Hence, Southern Ocean dynamics act to (partly) moderate both, zonal and meridional transports, and both were shown to be sensitive to atmospheric forcing on different time scales. However, due to the remoteness and harsh conditions, direct evidence of past Southern Ocean circulation is scarce. This work uses neodymium (Nd) isotopes extracted from the aragonitic skeletons of deep-sea corals collected in the Drake Passage and at the Tasmanian margin. The fidelity of the skeletal Nd isotope signature was tested in a calibration effort and the nature of Nd in coralline aragonite was explored. Based on the promising results, the approach was then confidently applied to uranium-series dated deep-sea corals in order to decipher Southern Ocean water mass mixing across intervals of past climate perturbations. The results show that Drake Passage and Tasmanian margin corals record complimentary features of Southern Ocean circulation. Intervals of high sampling resolution reveal unexpectedly dynamic and abrupt changes of water mass mixing oscillating on millennial to (sub) centennial time scales during the past ~40,000 years. This thesis explores the nature of the recorded signal in the light of available literature, focusing on phases of abrupt change and fitting the processes considered to drive the Southern Ocean Nd isotope signal into a global framework.
Cervus Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Cervidae
Cervus

description: Cervus [gen. nov.]
Cornua solida, tenera corio hirto tecta apiceque crescentia, denudata, annua.
Dentes Primores inferiores VIII.
Laniarii nulli (interdum solitarii superius).
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 66, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
An enigmatic large discoidal fossil from the pennsylvanian of county clare, Ireland
Creators: name: Murray, John
name: MacGabhann, Breandan Anraoi
name: Doyle, Eamon
name: Mangano, M. Gabriela
name: Tyrrell, Shane
name: A.T. Harper, David
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024

description: A rare and unusual large solitary discoidal fossil has been discovered on a paving slab quarried from the cyclothems of the Central Clare Group (Kinderscoutian, Pennsylvanian, Carboniferous), western Ireland. The fossil impression consists of a smooth raised inner discoidal area, surrounded by a slightly lower relief outer ring, ca. 130–135 mm in diameter, with eight prominent equidistant ovoid raised nodes towards the outermost margin. The octoradial body plan of this enigmatic specimen suggests a cnidarian connection and, as it is preserved as a positive hyporelief cast, it is tentatively interpreted as the resting trace of a large benthic anemone, which was either partially or fully infaunal. The discoidal fossil is interesting palaeoecologically; it occurs within the well-known Liscannor flag-stone, which consists of thinly bedded, fine-grained sandstone that is extensively covered by prominent, sinuous to meandering, horizontal grazing trails attributed to Psammichnites plummeri. This sedimentary facies likely represents mouth-bar sedimentation on a delta front of a river-dominated delta. The discoidal impression occurs on a portion of the slab where these trace fossils are relatively scarce. Uncertainty surrounds the classification and interpretation of the disc due to its relatively simple morphological form, coupled with a lack of unequivocally diagnostic features — a problem commonly encountered in studies of discoidal fossils from both the Ediacaran and the Phanerozoic
Obscuration by Diffuse Cosmic Dust
Creators: name: Masci, Frank J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the background universe is observed through a significant amount of diffusely distributed foreground dust, then studies at optical wavelengths may be severely biased. Previous studies investigating effects of foreground dust on background sources assumed the dust to be ``compactly'' distributed, ie. on scales comparable to the visible extent of normal galaxies. We show however that diffuse dust is more effective at obscuring background sources. Galaxy clusters are a likely location for ``large-scale'' diffusely distributed dust, and its effect on the counts of background sources is explored. We also explore the implications of a hypothesised diffuse intergalactic dust component uniformly distributed to high redshift with comoving mass density equal to that associated with local galaxies. In this case, we predict a deficit in background sources about three times greater than that found in previous studies.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, to appear in September 1998 Issue of the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia
Additional file 7: of Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) expert consensus for CMR imaging endpoints in clinical research: part I - analytical validation and clinical qualification
Creators: name: Puntmann, Valentina
name: Valbuena, Silvia
name: Rocio Hinojar
name: Petersen, Steffen
name: Greenwood, John
name: Kramer, Christopher
name: Kwong, Raymond
name: McCann, Gerry
name: Berry, Colin
name: Nagel, Eike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology

description: Myocardial perfusion imaging with CMR. Table 3d.1: Studies comparing CMR perfusion against microspheres and alternative diagnostic approaches. Table 3d.2: Interstudy reproducibility and normal values of myocardial perfusion reserve (index). Table 3d.3: Prospective outcome studies using stress CMR. (DOCX 107 kb)