cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asset Management System for Database Management Systems
Creators: name: Torrecampo, Rey Lawrence L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data processing
Statistics, computer and systems science
Informatics, computer and systems science
Databases

description: Databases hold critical data that is valuable for both consumers and businesses. As a business expands, the reliance on a healthy and working database becomes imperative for its business operations. Hence, it is essential to maintain and monitor relational databases as they are the backbone for business longevity and growth. This project aims to retrofit the concept of an inventory management system to database systems. The scope and result of this project are to (1) host the system in a webserver, (2) capability to connect to any of the popular relational database systems (SQL Server, Postgres, Oracle, or MySQL), (3) monitor a database’s availability and capacity, and (4) aggregate and display historical data into graphs and tables. The resulting system satisfied the requirements mentioned above. The system is hosted on AWS EC2 Windows 2019. Through the web interface, you can monitor and analyze historical data. With the pyodbc library, it can Extract-Transform-Load data from the target database and then load it to the local database. This method is possible with the help of SQLs native for each target database. Even though numerous database monitoring tools are on the market, this system is a low-cost alternative. Also, the system is still in its infancy. It suffered from project ailments that hindered the progress of this project, such as underestimating tasks, shortage of time, and delayed testing. In essence, the system still satisfies the benchmarks for testing, and it is subjected to future improvements.
description: Master's Thesis / Capstone
description: {"references": ["A. O. Madamidola, O. A. Daramola, and K. G. Akintola, \"Web-based intelligent inventory management system,\" International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, vol. 1, no. 4, May 2017 [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317276986_WEB_- _BASED_INTELLIGENT_INVENTORY_MANAGEMENT_SYSTEM. [Accessed: 12-Jan 2022]", "D. V. Aken, D. Yang, S. Brillard, A. Fiorino, B. Zhang, C. Bilien, and A. Pavlo, \"An inquiry into machine learning-based automatic configuration tuning services on real-world database management systems,\" Carnegie Mellon Database Research Group, 01-Mar-2021. [Online]. Available: https://db.cs.cmu.edu/papers/2021/p1241-aken.pdf. [Accessed: 12-Jan-2022]."]}
Cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol-seeking behavior is associated with increased ERK1/2 phosphorylation in specific limbic brain regions: Blockade by the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP
Creators: name: Besheer, Joyce
name: Hodge, Clyde W.
name: Schroeder, Jason P.
name: Salling, Michael
name: Stevenson, Jennie R.
name: Spanos, Marina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Relapse to alcohol use after periods of abstinence is a hallmark behavioral pathology of alcoholism and a major clinical problem. Emerging evidence indicates that metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonists attenuate relapse to alcohol-seeking behavior but the molecular mechanisms of this potential therapeutic effect remain unexplored. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) pathway is downstream of mGluR5 and has been implicated in addiction. We sought to determine if cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol-seeking behavior, and its reduction by an mGluR5 antagonist, is associated with changes in ERK1/2 activation in reward-related limbic brain regions. Selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) rats were trained to lever press on a concurrent schedule of alcohol (15% v/v) vs. water reinforcement. Following 9 days of extinction, rats were given an additional extinction trial or injected with the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP (0, 1, 3, or 10 mg/kg) and tested for cue-induced reinstatement. Brains were removed 90-min later from the rats in the extinction and MPEP (0 or 10 mg/kg) conditions for analysis of p-ERK1/2, total ERK1/2, and p-ERK5 immunoreactivity (IR). Cue-induced reinstatement of alcohol-seeking behavior was associated with a 3–5 fold increase in p-ERK1/2 IR in the basolateral amygdala and nucleus accumbens shell. MPEP administration blocked both the relapse-like behavior and increase in p-ERK1/2 IR. P-ERK1/2 IR in the central amygdala and NAcb core was dissociated with the relapse-like behavior and the pharmacological effect of mGluR5 blockade. No changes in total ERK or p-ERK5 were observed. These results suggest that exposure to cues previously associated with alcohol self-administration is sufficient to produce concomitant increases in relapse-like behavior and ERK1/2 activation in specific limbic brain regions. Pharmacological compounds, such as mGluR5 antagonists, that reduce cue-induced ERK1/2 activation may be useful for treatment of relapse in alcoholics that is triggered by exposure to environmental events.
Local particle-ghost symmetry
Creators: name: Kawamura, Yoshiharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantization of systems with local particle-ghost symmetries. The systems contain ordinary particles including gauge bosons and their counterparts obeying different statistics. The particle-ghost symmetry is a kind of fermionic symmetry, different from the space-time supersymmetry and the BRST symmetry. Subsidiary conditions on states guarantee the unitarity of systems.
description: 17 pages
(400270) George Johnstone
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Semi-classical approximations based on Bohmian mechanics
Creators: name: Struyve, Ward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semi-classical theories are approximations to quantum theory that treat some degrees of freedom classically and others quantum mechanically. In the usual approach, the quantum degrees of freedom are described by a wave function which evolves according to some Schrödinger equation with a Hamiltonian that depends on the classical degrees of freedom. The classical degrees of freedom satisfy classical equations that depend on the expectation values of quantum operators. In this paper, we study an alternative approach based on Bohmian mechanics. In Bohmian mechanics the quantum system is not only described by the wave function, but also with additional variables such as particle positions or fields. By letting the classical equations of motion depend on these variables, rather than the quantum expectation values, a semi-classical approximation is obtained that is closer to the exact quantum results than the usual approach. We discuss the Bohmian semi-classical approximation in various contexts, such as non-relativistic quantum mechanics, quantum electrodynamics and quantum gravity. The main motivation comes from quantum gravity. The quest for a quantum theory for gravity is still going on. Therefore a semi-classical approach where gravity is treated classically may be an approximation that already captures some quantum gravitational aspects. The Bohmian semi-classical theories will be derived from the full Bohmian theories. In the case there are gauge symmetries, like in quantum electrodynamics or quantum gravity, special care is required. In order to derive a consistent semi-classical theory it will be necessary to isolate gauge-independent dependent degrees of freedom from gauge degrees of freedom and consider the approximation where some of the former are considered classical.
description: 49 pages, 4 figures, PDFLaTeX
title: UNICARagil - Disruptive Modular Architectures for Agile, Automated Vehicle Concepts
Creators: name: Woopen, Timo
name: Lampe, Bastian
name: Böddeker, Torben
name: Eckstein, Lutz
name: Kampmann, Alexandru
name: Alrifaee, Bassam
name: Kowalewski, Stefan
name: Moormann, Dieter
name: Stolte, Torben
name: Jatzkowski, Inga
name: Maurer, Markus
name: Möstl, Mischa
name: Ernst, Rolf
name: Ackermann, Stefan Martin
name: Amersbach, Christian
name: Winner, Hermann
name: Püllen, Dominik
name: Katzenbeisser, Stefan
name: Leinen, Stefan
name: Becker, Matthias
name: Stiller, Christoph
name: Furmans, Kai
name: Bengler, Klaus
name: Diermeyer, Frank
name: Lienkamp, Markus
name: Keilhoff, Dan
name: Reuss, Hans-Christian
name: Buchholz, Michael
name: Dietmayer, Klaus
name: Lategahn, Henning
name: Siepenkötter, Norbert
name: Elbs, Martin
name: Hinüber, Edgar v.
name: Dupuis, Marius
name: Hecker, Christian
Publisher: name: Institute for Automotive Engineering, RWTH Aachen
Year: 2022

description: This paper introduces UNICARagil, a collaborative project carried out by a consortium of seven German universities and six industrial partners, with funding provided by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research of Germany. In the scope of this project, disruptive modular structures for agile, automated vehicle concepts are researched and developed. Four prototype vehicles of different characteristics based on the same modular platform are going to be build up over a period of four years. The four fully automated and driverless vehicles demonstrate disruptive architectures in hardware and software, as well as disruptive concepts in safety, security, verification and validation. This paper outlines the most important research questions underlying the project.
Dissecting motivational circuitry to understand substance abuse
Creators: name: Wheeler, Robert A.
name: Carelli, Regina M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: An important goal of cocaine addiction research is to understand the neurobiological mechanisms underlying this disease state. Here, we review studies from our laboratory that examined nucleus accumbens (NAc) cell firing and rapid dopamine signaling using electrophysiological and electrochemical recordings in behaving rodents. A major advantage of these techniques is that they allow for the characterization of NAc activity and rapid dopamine release during specific phases of motivated behavior. Moreover, each approach enables an examination of the dynamic nature of NAc signaling as a function of factors such as hedonics and associative learning. We show that NAc neurons differentially respond to rewarding and aversive stimuli and their predictors in a bivalent manner. This differential responding is modifiable and can be altered by the presentation of other natural rewards or cocaine. Likewise, the dynamic nature of NAc cell firing is also reflected in the differential activation of distinct populations of NAc neurons during goal-directed behaviors for natural versus drug rewards, and the heightened activation of some NAc neurons following cocaine abstinence. Our electrochemical data also show that rapid dopamine signaling in the NAc reflects primary rewards and their predictors and appears to modulate specific NAc neuronal responses. In some cases, these influences are observed in a regionally specific manner that matches previous pharmacological manipulations. Collectively, these findings provide critical insight into the functional organization of the NAc that can be used to guide additional studies aimed at dissecting the neural code underlying compulsive drug-seeking behavior.
Changes in climate, grazing pressure and nutrient inputs affect the structural integrity and functioning of Andean shrublands
Creators: name: Vélez-Mora, Diego P.
name: Gusmán, Elizabeth
name: Espinosa, Carlos Iván
name: Quintana-Ascencio, Pedro F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Changes in climate and the intensity of agriculture expansion can alter plant population dynamics and community composition and structure of dry shrublands. We tested how temperature and moisture along an elevation gradient, grazing, and nutrient addition in soil affected demographic attributes of Croton shrubs and the composition and structure of plant species in an inter-Andean dry shrubland. At three elevations, we installed grazing and exclusion plots, combined with four nutrient treatments: control, and addition of nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P) alone and in combination. We measured recruitment and survival of Croton seedlings, as well as survival, growth, fruiting of adult Croton and the composition and structure of neighbouring plants. Grazing exclusion improved adult survival of Croton at all three elevations. Grazing exclusion and addition of N and P increased adult growth of Croton at low and medium elevations. Croton seedling recruitment and survival decreased with distance to adult plants. The cover of Croton had a positive relationship with plant abundance and diversity. Temperature, moisture, grazing and nutrient addition can alter the demography and cover of Croton, as well as the composition and structure of its neighbouring plants threatening the functioning of the inter-Andean dry shrubland.
(400271) Jane Sibbald
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The imprint of carbon combustion on a superburst from the accreting neutron star 4U 1636-536
Creators: name: Keek, L.
name: Cumming, A.
name: Wolf, Z.
name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Suleimanov, V. F.
name: Kuulkers, E.
name: Strohmayer, T. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superbursts are hours-long X-ray flares attributed to the thermonuclear runaway burning of carbon-rich material in the envelope of accreting neutron stars. By studying the details of the X-ray light curve, properties of carbon combustion can be determined. In particular, we show that the shape of the rise of the light curve is set by the the slope of the temperature profile left behind by the carbon flame. We analyse RXTE/PCA observations of 4U 1636-536 and separate the direct neutron star emission from evolving photoionized reflection and persistent spectral components. This procedure results in the highest quality light curve ever produced for the superburst rise and peak, and interesting behaviour is found in the tail. The rising light curve between 100 and 1000 seconds is inconsistent with the idea that the fuel burned locally and instantaneously everywhere, as assumed in some previous models. By fitting improved cooling models, we measure for the first time the radial temperature profile of the superbursting layer. We find $d\ln T/d\ln P=1/4$. Furthermore, 20% of the fuel may be left unburned. This gives a new constraint on models of carbon burning and propagation in superbursts.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Economics of the Enterprise
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Oleksandr
name: Володимир Вихрущ
name: Богдан Андрушків
name: Петро Харів
name: Роман Федорович
name: Іван Тирпак
name: Наталія Сарай
name: Марія Хопчан
name: Ірина Бойчик
name: Олексій Шинкарук
name: Ольга Собко
name: Антоніна Пода
name: Ігор Пащук
name: Борис Гризан
name: Людмила Куц
name: Ірина Стец
name: Дарія Берницька
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140209 Industry Economics and Industrial Organisation

description: У посібнику розглянуто економічні основи функціонування підприємства в умовах перехідної економіки, ресурси підприємств та методи їх ефективного використання, питання організації виробництва і його технічного обслуговування, а також економічний механізм управління підприємствами різних галузей.
Model reduction for networks of coupled oscillators
Creators: name: Gottwald, Georg A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a collective coordinate approach to describe coupled phase oscillators. We apply the method to study synchronisation in a Kuramoto model. In our approach an N-dimensional Kuramoto model is reduced to an n-dimensional ordinary differential equation with n<
Anxiolytic-like effects of 8-acetylene imidazobenzodiazepines in a rhesus monkey conflict procedure
Creators: name: Rowlett, James K.
name: Johnson, Edward M.
name: Furtmüller, Roman
name: Cook, James M.
name: He, Xiaohui
name: Zhou, Hao
name: Yu, Jianming
name: Roth, Bryan L.
name: Edwankar, Rahul V.
name: Fischer, Bradford D.
name: Sieghart, Werner
name: Licata, Stephanie C.
name: Ramerstorfer, Joachim
name: Wang, Zhi Jian
name: Huang, Shengming
name: Majumder, Samarpan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Conflict procedures can be used to study the receptor mechanisms underlying the anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepines and other GABAA receptor modulators. In the present study, we first determined the efficacy and binding affinity of the benzodiazepine diazepam and recently synthesized GABAA receptor modulators JY-XHe-053, XHe-II-053, HZ-166, SH-053-2'F-S-CH3 and SH-053-2'F-R-CH3 at GABAA receptors containing α1, α2, α3 and α5 subunits. Results from these studies suggest that each compound displayed lower efficacy at GABAA receptors containing α1 subunits and varying degrees of efficacy and affinity at GABAA receptors containing α2, α3 and α5 subunits. Next, we assessed their anxiolytic effects using a rhesus monkey conflict procedure in which behavior was maintained under a fixed-ratio schedule of food delivery in the absence (non-suppressed responding) and presence (suppressed responding) of response-contingent electric shock. Relatively non-selective compounds, such as diazepam and JY-XHe-053 produced characteristic increases in rates of suppressed responding at low to intermediate doses and decreased the average rates of non-suppressed responding at higher doses. XHe-II-053 and HZ-166 also produced increases in suppressed responding at low to intermediate doses, but were ineffective at decreasing rates of non-suppressed responding, consistent with their relatively low efficacy at GABAA receptors containing α1 and α5 subunits. In contrast, SH-053-2’F-S-CH3 and SH-053-2’F-R-CH3 produced only partial increases in suppressed responding and were ineffective on non-suppressed responding, consistent with their profiles as partial agonists at GABAA receptors containing α2, α3 and α5 subunits. These behavioral effects suggest that the anxiolytic and rate-reducing effects of GABAA receptor positive modulators are dependent on their relative efficacy and affinity at different GABAA receptor subtypes.
Nonclassical behavior of moving relativistic unstable particles
Creators: name: Urbanowski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the survival probability of moving relativistic unstable particles with definite momentum $\vec{p} \neq 0$. The amplitude of the survival probability of these particles is calculated using its integral representation. We found decay curves of such particles for the quantum mechanical models considered. These model studies show that late time deviations of the survival probability of these particles from the exponential form of the decay law, that is the transition times region between exponential and non-expo\-nen\-tial form of the survival probability, should occur much earlier than it follows from the classical standard approach resolving itself into replacing time $t$ by $t/γ$ (where $γ$ is the relativistic Lorentz factor) in the formula for the survival probability and that the survival probabilities should tend to zero as $t\rightarrow \infty$ much slower than one would expect using classical time dilation relation. Here we show also that for some physically admissible models of unstable states the computed decay curves of the moving particles have fluctuating form at relatively short times including times of order of the lifetime.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, LaTeX2e, new sections and comments added, Acta Physica Polonica B - in press
Seed fungal endophytes promote the establishment of invasive Poa annua in Maritime Antarctica
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Gabriel I.
name: Acuña-Rodríguez, Ian S.
name: Barrera, Andrea
name: Gundel, Pedro E.
name: Newsham, Kevin K.
name: Molina-Montenegro, Marco A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Invasive plants may displace native species. This is the case of Poa annua, the only non-native plant species successfully established in Maritime Antarctica. Nonetheless, it is uncertain which factors drive the competitive success of P. annua in the harsh environmental conditions of the region. The ability of this plant species to establish novel mutualistic interactions with resident soil fungi may be crucial for its invasiveness. Such ability may be linked to the vertical transmission of the fungal endophytes via seeds. We undertook a study to assess the role of seed fungal endophytes as promoters of the establishment and invasion of Poa annua in Maritime Antarctica. We explored the composition and diversity of fungal communities associated with different P. annua tissues (seeds, leaves and roots) and the soil. We also measured parameters including germination rate, above-ground biomass, reproductive structures, and the survival of invasive P. annua as well as of the native Colobanthus quitensis and Deschampsia antarctica grown from seeds with and without endophytes. Furthermore, we conducted inter- and intraspecific competition experiments among native and invasive plants, where chemically-mediated plant-to-plant interference (allelopathy) and plant growth rate were measured to calculate a relative competition index. We found that fungal endophyte taxa associated with P. annua tissues were very different from those in the soil. Fungal endophytes in P. annua differed among seed, root and shoot tissues, which suggests low transmission among different organs. The removal of endophytes from P. annua seeds was associated with reduced seed germination, plant growth and survivorship, while the competitive ability of P. annua (assessed by accumulated biomass) relative to native species, as well as levels of allelochemicals in soils, were higher in the presence of seed fungal endophytes. Our results suggest that fungal endophytes, maternally inherited through seeds, improve host fitness and may contribute to the invasive success of P. annua in Antarctica.
Economics of Enterprise
Creators: name: Vashkiv, Oleksandr
name: Володимир Вихрущ
name: Богдан Андрушків
name: Петро Харів
name: Роман Федорович
name: Іван Тирпак
name: Наталія Сарай
name: Марія Хопчан
name: Ірина Бойчик
name: Олексій Шинкарук
name: Ольга Собко
name: Антоніна Пода
name: Ігор Пащук
name: Борис Гризан
name: Людмила Куц
name: Ірина Стец
name: Дарія Берницька
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140209 Industry Economics and Industrial Organisation

description: У посібнику розглянуто економічні основи функціонування підприємства в умовах перехідної економіки, ресурси підприємств та методи їх ефективного використання, питання організації виробництва і його технічного обслуговування, а також економічний механізм управління підприємствами різних галузей.
Two Type Ia Supernovae at Redshift ~2 : Improved Classification and Redshift Determination with Medium-band Infrared Imaging
Creators: name: Rodney, Steven A.
name: Riess, Adam G.
name: Scolnic, Daniel M.
name: Jones, David O.
name: Hemmati, Shoubaneh
name: Molino, Alberto
name: McCully, Curtis
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Strolger, Louis-Gregory
name: Graur, Or
name: Hayden, Brian
name: Casertano, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two supernovae (SNe) discovered with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in the Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS), an HST multi-cycle treasury program. We classify both objects as Type Ia SNe and find redshifts of z = 1.80+-0.02 and 2.26 +0.02 -0.10, the latter of which is the highest redshift Type Ia SN yet seen. Using light curve fitting we determine luminosity distances and find that both objects are consistent with a standard Lambda-CDM cosmological model. These SNe were observed using the HST Wide Field Camera 3 infrared detector (WFC3-IR), with imaging in both wide- and medium-band filters. We demonstrate that the classification and redshift estimates are significantly improved by the inclusion of single-epoch medium-band observations. This medium-band imaging approximates a very low resolution spectrum (lambda/delta lambda ~ 100) which can isolate broad spectral absorption features that differentiate Type Ia SNe from their most common core collapse cousins. This medium-band method is also insensitive to dust extinction and (unlike grism spectroscopy) it is not affected by contamination from the SN host galaxy or other nearby sources. As such, it can provide a more efficient - though less precise - alternative to IR spectroscopy for high-z SNe.
description: This version corrects errors in values reported in the text for x1, c, and mB for both Type Ia SNe (erratum accepted to AJ). This error was only in the text, and did not affect any figures or conclusions
Thermal tolerance and growth responses to in situ soil water reductions among alpine plants
Creators: name: Sumner, Emma E.
name: Venn, Susanna E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Changes to precipitation patterns and warming temperatures are predicted to reduce the water available to Australian alpine plants during the growing season. Soil water deficits are likely to co-occur with frost extremes that are common throughout the year and heatwaves which are increasing in severity with ongoing climate change. We aimed to determine whether co-occurring reductions in soil moisture would affect the capacity of alpine plants to tolerate temperature extremes. We used small rainout shelters to impose a drought treatment in situ in the alpine zone, which chronically reduced soil moisture in plots of alpine plant species including evergreen shrubs, graminoids and perennial forbs. We determined photosynthetic freezing tolerance and heat tolerance during the growing season across 2 years, and measured plant growth, in response to the drought treatment. Thermal tolerance was insensitive to chronically reduced soil moisture, and graminoids exhibited overall greater freezing and heat tolerance thresholds than other life forms. The drought treatment improved shrub growth, likely due to the amelioration of wind and the slightly warmer temperatures provided by the rainout shelters. We conclude that Australian alpine plants maintain high tolerances to both high- and low-temperature extremes during the growing season and are relatively robust to combined temperature extremes and reductions in near-surface soil moisture that are likely to occur with ongoing climate warming.
(400266) Florence Hammond Christie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Attenuation of morphine antinociceptive tolerance by a CB1 receptor agonist and an NMDA receptor antagonist: Interactive effects
Creators: name: Fischer, Bradford D.
name: Henry, Fredrick E.
name: Ward, Sara J.
name: Dykstra, Linda A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: CB1 cannabinoid (CB1) receptor agonists and N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists attenuate the development of morphine antinociceptive tolerance. The present study used dose-addition analysis to evaluate CB1/NMDA receptor interactions on this endpoint. Chronic morphine administration (5 days, 100 mg/kg, twice daily) resulted in a 2.8-fold rightward shift in the morphine dose-effect curve. Co-administration of either the CB1 receptor agonist CP-55940 (5-(1,1-Dimethylheptyl)-2-[5-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexyl]phenol; 0.32-1.0 mg/kg) or the NMDA receptor antagonist (−)-6-phosphonomethyl-deca-hydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (LY235959; 1.0-3.2 mg/kg) with morphine dose-dependently attenuated morphine tolerance. The relative potency of each drug alone was quantified using a defined level of effect (one-quarter log shift in the morphine dose-effect curve), resulting in equieffective doses of 0.42 mg/kg and 1.1 mg/kg for CP-55940 and LY235959, respectively. Subsequent experiments assessed CP-55940/LY235959 interactions using a fixed-proportion design. Co-administration of CP-55940/LY235959 mixtures (1:1, 1:3.2, or 1:10 CP-55940/LY235959) with morphine dose-dependently attenuated morphine tolerance. Isobolographic and dose-addition analysis were used to statistically compare the experimentally determined potency for each mixture (zmix) with predicted additive potency (zadd). Mixtures of 1:1 and 1:3.2 CP-55940/LY235959 produced additive effects (zadd = zmix), while the mixture of 1:10 CP-55940/LY235959 produced a supra-additive effect (zadd > zmix). These results suggest that CP-55940 and LY235959 produce additive or supra-additive attenuation of morphine antinociceptive tolerance after repeated morphine administration, depending on their relative concentrations.
Topological Thouless Pumping of Ultracold Fermions
Creators: name: Nakajima, Shuta
name: Tomita, Takafumi
name: Taie, Shintaro
name: Ichinose, Tomohiro
name: Ozawa, Hideki
name: Wang, Lei
name: Troyer, Matthias
name: Takahashi, Yoshiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A gas of electrons in a one-dimensional periodic potential can be transported even in the absence of a voltage bias if the potential is modulated slowly and periodically in time. Remarkably, the transferred charge per cycle is only sensitive to the topology of the path in parameter space. Although this so-called Thouless charge pump has first been proposed more than thirty years ago, it has not yet been realized. Here we report the first demonstration of topological Thouless pumping using ultracold atoms in a dynamically controlled optical superlattice. We observe a shift of the atomic cloud as a result of pumping and extract the topological invariance of the pumping process from this shift. We demonstrate the topological nature of the Thouless pump by varying the topology of the pumping path and verify that the topological pump indeed works in the quantum region by varying speed and temperature.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures
Plant speciation in the Namib Desert: potential origin of a widespread derivative species from a narrow endemic
Creators: name: Milton, Joseph J.
name: Affenzeller, Matthias
name: Abbott, Richard J.
name: Comes, Hans P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Parapatric (or ‘budding’) speciation is increasingly recognised as an important phenomenon in plant evolution but its role in extreme (e.g. desert) environments is poorly documented. To test this speciation model in a hypothesised sister pair, the Southwest – North African disjunct Senecio flavus and its putative progenitor, the Namibian Desert endemic S. englerianus. Phylogenetic inferences were combined with niche divergence tests, morphometrics, and experimental-genetic approaches. We also evaluated the potential role of an African Dry Corridor (ADC) in promoting the hypothesised northward expansion of S. flavus (from Namibia), using palaeodistribution models. Belonging to an isolated (potential ‘relict’) clade, the two morphologically distinct species showed pronounced niche divergence in Namibia and signs of digenic-epistatic hybrid incompatibility (based on F2 pollen fertility). The presence of ‘connate-fluked’ pappus hairs in S. flavus, likely increasing dispersal ability, is controlled by a single gene locus. Our results provide evidence for a possible (and rare) example of ‘budding’ speciation in which a wider-ranged derivative (S. flavus) originated at the periphery of a smaller-ranged progenitor (S. englerianus) in the Namib Desert region. The Southwest – North African disjunction of S. flavus could have been established by dispersal across intermediate ADC areas during periods of (Late) Pleistocene aridification.
(400267) John Christie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The PLC/IP3R/PKC pathway is required for ethanol-enhanced GABA release
Creators: name: Weinberg, Richard J.
name: Breese, George R.
name: Criswell, Hugh E.
name: Kelm, M. Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Research on the actions of ethanol at the GABAergic synapse has traditionally focused on postsynaptic mechanisms, but recent data demonstrate that ethanol also increases both evoked and spontaneous GABA release in many brain regions. Using whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings, we previously showed that ethanol increases spontaneous GABA release at the rat interneuron-Purkinje cell synapse. This presynaptic ethanol effect is dependent on calcium release from internal stores, possibly through activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs). After confirming that ethanol targets vesicular GABA release, in the present study we used electron microscopic immunohistochemistry to demonstrate that IP3Rs are located in presynaptic terminals of cerebellar interneurons. Activation of IP3Rs requires binding of IP3, generated through activation of phospholipase C (PLC). We find that the PLC antagonist edelfosine prevents ethanol from increasing spontaneous GABA release. Diacylglycerol generated by PLC and calcium released by activation of the IP3R activate protein kinase C (PKC). Ethanol-enhanced GABA release was blocked by two PKC antagonists, chelerythrine and calphostin C. When a membrane impermeable PKC antagonist, PKC (19-36), was delivered intracellularly to the postsynaptic neuron, ethanol continued to increase spontaneous GABA release. Overall, these results suggest that activation of the PLC/IP3R/PKC pathway is necessary for ethanol to increase spontaneous GABA release from presynaptic terminals onto Purkinje cells.
Fully Quantum Source Compression with a Quantum Helper
Creators: name: Hsieh, Min-Hsiu
name: Watanabe, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study source compression with a helper in the fully quantum regime, extending our earlier result on classical source compression with a quantum helper [arXiv:1501.04366, 2015]. We characterise the quantum resources involved in this problem, and derive a single-letter expression of the achievable rate region when entanglement assistance is available. The direct coding proof is based on a combination of two fundamental protocols, namely the quantum state merging protocol and the quantum reverse Shannon theorem (QRST). This result demonstrates an unexpected connection between distributed source compression with the QRST protocol, a quantum protocol that consumes noiseless resources to simulate a noisy quantum channel.
description: 5 pages, one figure, submitted to ITW 2015
(400268) Isobel Smeaton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Plant affinity to extreme soils and foliar sulphur mediate species-specific responses to sheep grazing in gypsum systems
Creators: name: Cera, Andreu
name: Montserrat-Martí, Gabriel
name: Luzuriaga, Arantzazu L.
name: Pueyo, Yolanda
name: Palacio, Sara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Plants growing on extreme soils have mainly been described in relation to their adaptations to edaphic conditions, although herbivores may also be an important factor in these ecosystems. Gypsum soils occur in drylands often where livestock practices occur. However, it is unknown whether plant traits related to gypsum soil constraints are associated with resistance to herbivory. In order to assess whether gypsumspecialist species might be favoured at higher grazing levels and to detect the traits involved, we evaluated the responses of gypsum specialists vs. generalists to three intensities of livestock pressure. We analysed the relative cover shifts of species along a livestock gradient, and variation in canopy height, canopy area, leaf carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulphur (S), specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf dry matter content (LDMC). We found that gypsum-specialists responded by increasing or maintaining their cover at medium and high grazing pressure, whereas most generalists responded by decreasing it. Gypsum-specialists showed higher leaf S than generalists, regardless of grazing intensity. All species showed similar patterns for traits linked to loss of above-ground biomass when grazing increased. Plant affinity to gypsum soils mediates vulnerability to grazing with foliar S possibly being a defence trait.
(400265) Blanche Agnes Christie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Verapamil protects dopaminergic neuron damage through a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism by inhibition of microglial activation
Creators: name: Wu, Hung Ming
name: Qian, Li
name: Lo, Yi Ching
name: Hong, Jau Shyong
name: Lu, Ru Band
name: Chen, Shih Heng
name: Chen, Hui Ling
name: Crews, Fulton Tim
name: Liu, Yuxin
name: Wei, Ke
name: Ali, Syed
name: Wilson, Belinda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Verapamil has been shown to be neuroprotective in several acute neurotoxicity models due to blockade of calcium entry into neurons. However, the potential use of verapamil to treat chronic neurodegenerative diseases has not been reported. Using rat primary mesencephalic neuron/glia cultures, we report that verapamil significantly inhibited LPS-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in both pre- and post-treatment experiments. Reconstituted culture studies revealed that the presence of microglia was essential in verapamil-elicited neuroprotection. Mechanistic studies showed that decreased production of inflammatory mediators from LPS-stimulated microglia underlay neuroprotective property of verapamil. Further studies demonstrated that microglial NADPH oxidase (PHOX), the key superoxide-producing enzyme, but not calcium channel in neurons, is the site of action for the neuroprotective effect of verapamil. This conclusion was supported by the following two observations: 1) Verapamil failed to show protective effect on LPS-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity in PHOX-deficient (deficient in the catalytic subunit of gp91phox) neuron/glia cultures; 2) Ligand binding studies showed that the binding of [3H]Verapamil onto gp91phox transfected COS-7 cell membranes was higher than the non-transfected control. The calcium channel-independent neuroprotective property of verapamil was further supported by the finding that R(+)-verapamil, a less active form in blocking calcium channel, showed the same potency in neuroprotection, inhibition of pro-inflammatory factors production and binding capacity to gp91phox membranes as R(-)-verapamil, the active isomer of calcium channel blocker. In conclusion, our results demonstrate a new indication of verapamil-mediated neuroprotection through a calcium channel-independent pathway and provide a valuable avenue for the development of therapy for inflammation-related neurodegenerative diseases.
Chronic stress alters neuropeptide Y signaling in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis in DBA/2J but not C57BL/6J mice
Creators: name: Kash, Thomas L.
name: Pleil, Kristen E.
name: Bravo, Jose Peña
name: McCall, Nora
name: Lopez, Alberto
name: Jijon, Ana M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Numerous rodent and human studies have demonstrated that neuropeptide Y (NPY) is involved in the regulation of anxiety-related behaviors. In this study, we examined whether there were differences in NPY signaling between two inbred mouse strains (C57BL/6J and DBA/2J) that exhibit divergent basal and stress-induced anxiety phenotypes. We focused on the bed nucleus of the stria terminals (BNST), a structure in the extended amygdala that is important for the regulation of anxiety-like behavior and contains NPY receptors. While results from whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings and immunofluorescence histochemistry revealed no significant basal differences in NPY signaling or NPY and NPY Y2 receptor (Y2R) expression in the BNST, these measures were differentially altered by chronic restraint stress. Ten days of chronic restraint stress increased basal GABAergic transmission and decreased NPY’s ability to inhibit evoked GABAergic transmission in the dorsolateral BNST (dlBNST) via Y2R in DBA/2J, but not C57BL/6J, mice. Additionally, restraint stress increased NPY and Y2R expression across subregions of the BNST of DBA/2J mice 24 hrs after the last stress exposure, but no changes were observed in C57BL/6J mice. Together, these results suggest that chronic restraint stress engages the NPY system and alters NPY modulation of inhibitory transmission in the dlBNST of DBA/2J mice, but not C57BL/6J mice, which may be related to increased expression of anxiety-related behaviors in this strain.