cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Key Aspects for Fabrication of p-Type Cz-Si PERC Solar Cells Exceeding 22% Conversion Efficiency
Creators: name: Werner, S.
name: Lohmüller, E.
name: Saint-Cast, P.
name: Greulich, J.M.
name: Weber, J.
name: Schmidt, S.
name: Moldovan, A.
name: Brand, A.A.
name: Dannenberg, T.
name: Mack, S.
name: Wasmer, S.
name: Demant, M.
name: Linse, M.
name: Ackermann, R.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 406-412
description: This paper gives a close-up insight into recent and future developments that are performed with industrial
focus at Fraunhofer ISE’s PV-TEC pilot-line to increase the energy conversion efficiency of 6-inch p-type Czochralski-
grown silicon (Cz-Si) passivated emitter and rear cells (PERC) to 22% and above. First, the current status of
PERC solar cell fabrication allowing for conversion efficiencies up to 21.5% is discussed. Then, we examine four key
aspects in detail that need to be considered for optimizing the cells’ front side to boost the cell efficiency to the 22%
regime. We demonstrate selective emitter laser doping out of the phosphosilicate glass layer, which is formed by a
gas phase phosphorus oxychloride diffusion process. After diffusion and wet-chemical emitter etch back, the field
emitter features a very low saturation current density of only 31 fA/cm² (textured, SiNx-passivated). Specific contact
resistances of 1 mΩcm2 confirm the low-resistance contacting of the laser-doped surfaces using a commercially
available silver screen printing paste. Apart from developing an accurate alignment procedure to match laserstructured
and screen-printed layouts, we have also optimized our single-step screen-printing process for finger
widths of 38 μm at 16 μm height. Based on simulations we find that efficiencies up to 22.5% are possible when the
optimized process routes are integrated into PERC solar cells.
What is Populism?
Creators: name: Szacka, Lea-Catherine
name: Frausto, Salomon
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2022

description: The editorial introduction to this issue of Footprint questions the complex concept of populism, explaining how, in recent debates, it has more and more often been related to architectural issues. Partly based on the analysis of political philosopher and historian Jan-Werner Müller, our understanding of the term reaches to both ends of the political spectrum. Yet rather than simply aiming to provide a clear definition of populism, this editorial sheds more light on a debated concept, showing its multi-facetted aspects in relation to space and aesthetics. Through the categories of media, politics and aesthetics, this introduction also shows the logical progression between the different pieces included in the issue. Acknowledging the complex nature of the word populism is essential for the understanding of the variety of takes included in this issue.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Issue # 29 | Autumn/ Winter 2021 |The Architecture of Populism: Media, Politics and Aesthetics
Charge-Controllable Mg-Doped AlOx Passivation Layers for p- and n-Type Silicon
Creators: name: Lee, H.
name: Nishimura, F.
name: Yoshida, H.
name: Kamioka, T.
name: Iwata, N.
name: Ohshita, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 399-401
description: A new class of passivation materials, Mg-doped AlOx (MAO) was developed and its surface
passivation and interface properties on crystalline silicon (c-Si) were investigated in this study. Super-cycle plasmaenhanced
atomic layer deposition (PEALD) was employed to fabricate MAO passivation. Capacitance-voltage (C-V)
and effective minority carrier lifetime (eff) measurements clearly show that Mg doping by super-cycle PEALD can
effectively engineer effective fixed charge density (Qeff) and polarity, i.e. field effect passivation of MAO passivation
on c-Si without significant degradation of chemical passivation. For instance, Qeff of the MAO passivation layers
could be precisely varied from about –5.2×1012 to +1.0×1012 cm−2 with the increase of Mg dopant concentration from
about 4.7 to 51 at.%. Interface trap density (Dit) of the passivation layers, however, slightly increased from about
2×1010 to 1.5×1011 cm−2eV−1 with the increase of Mg dopant concentration. In addition, our study also shows that
about 4.7 at.% Mg-doped MAO layers can provide superior surface passivation as compared to pure AlOx layers, and
although about 33 at.% Mg-doped MAO layers demonstrated very low Qeff of 1.7×1011 cm-2, they achieved
considerably low upper-limit effective surface recombination velocity (Seff,max) of about 25 and 14 cm/s on p- and ntype
c-Si, respectively due to their high chemical passivation.
From Advanced Thin-Films Modules to High Efficiency Silicon Heterojunction Technology at 3SUN
Creators: name: Favre, W.
name: Condorelli, G.
name: Ozanne, A.-S.
name: Muñoz, D.
name: Canino, A.
name: Rotoli, P.
name: Battaglia, A.
name: Lerat, J.-F.
name: Moustafa, A.
name: Valla, A.
name: Stendera, J.
name: Medlège, F.
name: Fernandes, M.
name: Barth, V.
name: Ragonesi, A.
name: Ribeyron, P.-J.
name: Guercio, M.
name: Gerardi, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 437-440
description: We report on the first results obtained within the HETNA project: collaboration between 3SUN thinfilm
modules producer and CEA-INES for the conversion of 3SUN fab into a high efficiency silicon heterojunction
(SHJ) solar cells & modules factory. Improvements of SHJ samples transportation between the two sites and samples
management at 3SUN site enabled absolute efficiency increase up to 4.5% for cells with hydrogenated amorphous
silicon (a-Si:H) layers performed using 3SUN’s TEL Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD)
reactors. It was possible to reach implied open-circuit voltage (iVoc) > 744mV and implied fill factor (iFF) > 84% for
20nm thick undoped a-Si:H layers deposited on textured 156 PSQ silicon wafers. Finally, we present results obtained
on 72 cells bifacial modules designed specifically for 3SUN SHJ project made using high efficiency SHJ cells. The
glass-glass module architecture, exempt of any frame, demonstrated a nominal power of 380.7W under flash test
measurement with dark background.
The average number of divisors of the Euler function
Creators: name: Kim, Sungjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The upper bound and the lower bound of average numbers of divisors of Euler Phi function and Carmichael Lambda function are obtained by Luca and Pomerance (see \cite{LP}). We improve the lower bound and provide a heuristic argument which suggests that the upper bound given by \cite{LP} is indeed close to the truth.
description: 20 pages, submitted
Plant design of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in Malaysia
Creators: name: Tiong, Angnes Ngieng Tze
name: Khan, Zuhair
name: Chin, Valerie
name: Wahid, Osama Abdul
name: Wachira, Regina Mbeu
name: Kung, Shannon Michaela
name: Mahenthiran, Ashvin Viknesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: In this study, a techno-economic, risk and safety assessment of biodiesel generation from waste cooking oil through alkali-catalyzed transesterification process had been conducted. The optimized results indicated that 1026 kg h−1 of biodiesel was produced from 1050 kg h−1 of waste cooking oil. Glycerol, the by-product was utilized to produce nitro-glycerine. The total capital expenses were expected to be US$9.62 million, while the total operating expenses were $11.16 million. The plant was economically viable with the simple pay-back period of 6.64 years. Furthermore, a detailed risk assessment and HAZOP were performed.
Mary McLeod in conversation with Salomon Frausto and Leá-Catherine Szacka
Creators: name: McLeod, Mary
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2022

description: In February 1989, architectural historian and theorist Mary McLeod published her now seminal essay entitled ‘Architecture and Politics in the Reagan Era: From Postmodernism to Deconstructivism’ in Assemblage 8. In the essay, she examined the relationship between architecture and politics in the 1980s, a time of unprecedented change. The following conversation discusses the circumstances under which the essay was originally written and offers her reflections thirty years later to think about the relationship between architecture and populism today.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Issue # 29 | Autumn/ Winter 2021 |The Architecture of Populism: Media, Politics and Aesthetics
Negative Anthropology
Creators: name: Trüby, Stephan
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2022

description: Is there an architectural and urban planning agenda at work behind the politics of contemporary (neo-)fascists and populist, radical and extremist right-wing forces? The Right-Wing Spaces research project, which has been running since 2018 at the Institute for Principles of Modern Architecture (Design and Theory) (IGmA) at the University of Stuttgart, suggests that the answer to this question is fairly unequivocal, at least in the German context: ‘architecture … seems to have become a key tool of an authoritarian, populist right with a revisionist take on history.’[i] The interim findings of the project were presented in ‘Rechte Räume: Bericht einer Europareise’ (Right-wing spaces: report on a journey through Europe), ARCH+ 235 (2019), an issue that was guest-curated by IGmA, as well as in my 2020 essay collection Rechte Räume: Politische Essays und Gespräche (Right-wing spaces: political essays and conversations). [i] Stephan Trüby, Rechte Räume: Politische Essays und Gespräche (Basel: Birkhäuser, 2020), 138. The Right-Wing Spaces research project is headed by Philipp Krüpe (IGmA) and myself, https://www.igma.uni-stuttgart.de/en/research/research-projects/page_0002_0001/.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Issue # 29 | Autumn/ Winter 2021 |The Architecture of Populism: Media, Politics and Aesthetics
Evolution of Quantum Nonequilibrium for Coupled Harmonic Oscillators
Creators: name: Lustosa, Francisco Bento
name: Pinto-Neto, Nelson
name: Valentini, Antony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave theory, violations of the Born rule are allowed and can be considered as describing nonequilibrium distributions. We study the effects of interactions on quantum relaxation towards equilibrium for a system of one-dimensional coupled harmonic oscillators. We show by numerical simulations that interactions can delay or even prevent complete relaxation for some initial states. We also discuss how this effect might be relevant for cosmological scenarios and how nonequilibrium could be detected in some models.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
FEM-Based Development of Novel Back-Contact PV Modules with Ultra-Thin Solar Cells
Creators: name: Beinert, A.J.
name: Leidl, R.
name: Sommeling, P.
name: Eitner, U.
name: Aktaa, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 42-47
description: With the availability of ultra-thin back contact solar cells, the question arises if they can be integrated
into PV modules. Particularly the single-side metallization and joint architecture of back contact solar cells may cause
critical stress. We develop a three-dimensional finite element model of a frameless 60-cell module with an
electrically conductive backsheet to simulate the cell stress in terms of mechanical push load. The FEM model is
validated by mechanical load tests of frameless modules. With the validated model we perform a variation of the cell
and encapsulant thickness from 80 μm to 180 μm and 200 μm to 460 μm, respectively. Moreover we compare three
different encapsulant materials, one Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), one thermoset Polyolefin elastomer
(POE-TS), one thermoplastic POE (POE-TP) and two different electrically conductive adhesives. The combination
of 460 μm thick EVA and 180 μm cells shows the lowest first principal stress  which, however, is far above the
measured critical fracture stress of 134 MPa for the MWT cells used. We then modify the FEM model to simulate a
framed glass-foil as well as a framed and frameless glass-glass module with the same material combination, 80 μm
cells and 200 μm encapsulant. The framed glass-foil module shows a by 54% reduced deflection and a stress of
114 MPa, which is much smaller than without a frame (296 MPa). The lowest value is achieved for the framed glassglass
module with 66 MPa. An interesting finding from the thickness variation is, that for cells below about 110 μm
thickness the stress increases with increasing encapsulant thickness, while for thicker cells the stress decreases.
Parameter Extraction of Oxidized Ni/Au and Ni-Only Transparent Conducting Oxides (TCOs) on n-Type GaN Schottky Barrier Diode with Bias Dependence Barrier Height and Ideality Factor at Different Temperatures
Creators: name: Hajjiah, A.T.
name: Alkhabbaz, A.A.
name: Allen, N.P.
name: Guido, L.J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
Fundamental Studies

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 82-86
description: The forward current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of oxidized Ni-Au and Ni-only Schottky contacts on n-type GaN were measured in the temperature range 160 K-400 K. The Schottky barrier diode whose barrier height (b) and ideality factor () are both bias dependent has been studied as a function of temperature using a technique which makes use of voltage-dependent differential slope curve () = [ ln ()⁄ ln ()]. The extracted parameters include the saturation current (zero bias barrier height), the voltage dependence of the barrier height, the voltage
dependence of the ideality factor as well as the series resistance. The deviation of the characteristics from the ideal
thermionic behavior are more pronounced with both temperature and voltage. The results obtained indicate the presence of other current transport mechanisms as temperature and voltage are changed. Moreover, the increase in barrier height with increasing temperature and voltage has been explained as an effect of barrier inhomogeneity. Furthermore, the series resistance (Rs) values estimated from three different methods (Cheung’s, Direct, and [⁄ ln ()]) vary from a value of 58.54Ω at 160K and 31.25Ω at 400K for Ni-only and a value of 735.8Ω at 160K to 139.94Ω at 400K for
oxidized Ni-Au and are seen to be strongly temperature dependent.
End Times and Architectural Style on the Christian Campus
Creators: name: Engler, Rachel
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2022

description: This paper examines the idea of architectural style on evangelical Christian campuses built during the Cold War, a period during which religious cosmologies came into contact with the prospect of nuclear disaster, allowing for a temporary alliance between secular and religious visions of the end of human history. In this context of Cold War-era end-of-the-world thinking, and in relation to the biblical anticipation of the apocalypse, I consider the contrasting choices of so-called futuristic and neo-vernacular idioms in the building projects of television evangelists. What does it mean to revive styles of the past, or to build in a mode oriented toward the future, when the end of history is imminent? Design undertaken within the framework of assumed apocalyptic narratives troubles notions of permanence and durability—historically vital terms for thinking about building. The paper takes two primary case studies: Robertson’s Regent University in Virginia Beach, which hosts the Christian Broadcasting Network and was built in a “Jeffersonian” vernacular; and Oral Roberts’s Tulsa university, unique at the time for its gilded modernism.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Issue # 29 | Autumn/ Winter 2021 |The Architecture of Populism: Media, Politics and Aesthetics
ALMA suggests outflows in z~5.5 galaxies
Creators: name: Gallerani, S.
name: Pallottini, A.
name: Feruglio, C.
name: Ferrara, A.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Vallini, L.
name: Riechers, D. A.
name: Pavesi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first attempt to detect outflows from galaxies approaching the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) using a sample of 9 star-forming ($\rm SFR=31\pm 20~M_{\odot}~yr^{-1}$) $z\sim 5.5$ galaxies for which the [CII]158$μ$m line has been previously obtained with ALMA. We first fit each line with a Gaussian function and compute the residuals by subtracting the best fitting model from the data. We combine the residuals of all sample galaxies and find that the total signal is characterised by a flux excess of $\sim 0.5$ mJy extended over $\sim 1000$ km~s$^{-1}$. Although we cannot exclude that part of this signal is due to emission from faint satellite galaxies, we show that the most probable explanation for the detected flux excess is the presence of broad wings in the [CII] lines, signatures of starburst-driven outflows. We infer an average outflow rate of $\rm \dot{M}=54\pm23~ M_{\odot}~yr^{-1}$, providing a loading factor $η=\rm \dot{M}/SFR=1.7\pm1.3$ in agreement with observed local starbursts. Our interpretation is consistent with outcomes from zoomed hydro-simulations of {\it Dahlia}, a $z\sim 6$ galaxy ($\rm SFR\sim 100~\rm M_{\odot}~yr^{-1}$) whose feedback-regulated star formation results into an outflow rate $\rm \dot{M}\sim 30~ M_{\odot}~yr^{-1}$. The quality of the ALMA data is not sufficient for a detailed analysis of the [CII] line profile in individual galaxies. Nevertheless, our results suggest that starburst-driven outflows are in place in the EoR and provide useful indications for future ALMA campaigns. Deeper observations of the [CII] line in this sample are required to better characterise feedback at high-$z$ and to understand the role of outflows in shaping early galaxy formation.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, revised version to match the one accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cult of war
Creators: name: Markus, Elena
name: Frolova, Nina
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2022

description: The Main Cathedral of the Russian Armed Forces in Kubinka near Moscow is a quintessential example of the post-Soviet populist ideology, representating a mixture of ostensibly religious values with multiple secular cult objects.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Issue # 29 | Autumn/ Winter 2021 |The Architecture of Populism: Media, Politics and Aesthetics
Multi-Dimensional self-exciting NBD process and Default portfolios
Creators: name: Hisakado, Masato
name: Hattori, Kodai
name: Mori, Shintaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this study, we apply a multidimensional self-exciting negative binomial distribution (SE-NBD) process to default portfolios with 13 sectors. The SE-NBD process is a Poisson process with a gamma-distributed intensity function. We extend the SE-NBD process to a multidimensional process. Using the multidimensional SE-NBD process (MD-SE-NBD), we can estimate interactions between these 13 sectors as a network. By applying impact analysis, we can classify upstream and downstream sectors. The upstream sectors are real-estate and financial institution (FI) sectors. From these upstream sectors, shock spreads to the downstream sectors. This is an amplifier of the shock. This is consistent with the analysis of bubble bursts. We compare these results to the multidimensional Hawkes process (MD-Hawkes) that has a zero-variance intensity function.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures
Symbol Emergence as Inter-personal Categorization with Head-to-head Latent Word
Creators: name: Furukawa, Kazuma
name: Taniguchi, Akira
name: Hagiwara, Yoshinobu
name: Taniguchi, Tadahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this study, we propose a head-to-head type (H2H-type) inter-personal multimodal Dirichlet mixture (Inter-MDM) by modifying the original Inter-MDM, which is a probabilistic generative model that represents the symbol emergence between two agents as multiagent multimodal categorization. A Metropolis--Hastings method-based naming game based on the Inter-MDM enables two agents to collaboratively perform multimodal categorization and share signs with a solid mathematical foundation of convergence. However, the conventional Inter-MDM presumes a tail-to-tail connection across a latent word variable, causing inflexibility of the further extension of Inter-MDM for modeling a more complex symbol emergence. Therefore, we propose herein a head-to-head type (H2H-type) Inter-MDM that treats a latent word variable as a child node of an internal variable of each agent in the same way as many prior studies of multimodal categorization. On the basis of the H2H-type Inter-MDM, we propose a naming game in the same way as the conventional Inter-MDM. The experimental results show that the H2H-type Inter-MDM yields almost the same performance as the conventional Inter-MDM from the viewpoint of multimodal categorization and sign sharing.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables
Unconventional Spin Hall Effect and Axial Current Generation in a Dirac Semimetal
Creators: name: Okuma, Nobuyuki
name: Ogata, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electrical transport in a three-dimensional massless Dirac fermion model that describes a Dirac semimetal state realized in topological materials. We derive a set of interdependent diffusion equations with eight local degrees of freedom, including the electric charge density and the spin density, that respond to an external electric field. By solving the diffusion equations for a system with a boundary, we demonstrate that a spin Hall effect with spin accumulation occurs even though the conventional spin current operator is zero. The Noether current associated with chiral symmetry, known as the axial current, is also discussed. We demonstrate that the axial current flows near the boundary and that it is perpendicular to the electric current.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Achromatic Lens Casting Nearly Uniform Irradiance over MJ Solar Cells
Creators: name: Victoria Pérez, M.
name: Vallerotto, G.
name: Askins, S.
name: Antón, I.
name: Sala, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 30-33
description: The Achromatic Doublet on Glass (ADG) Fresnel lens is a novel concentrator that combines a lowdispersion
elastomer and a high-dispersion plastic to obtain a Fresnel lens with reduced chromatic aberration, and consequently, increased concentration capability. This article summarizes the outcomes of the ray-tracing simulations as well as the experimental results obtained within the past two years. In addition, the uniformity of the irradiance profile cast by the lens onto Multi-Junction solar cells is analyzed and compared to that of a classic Silicone on Glass
(SoG) Fresnel lens used as a benchmark. The more uniform profile cast by the achromatic lens requires lower horizontal
current transportation across the MJ solar cell since the photocurrent distributions for the top and middle subcells are
similar. It has been experimentally shown that, although the Fill Factor (FF) of the solar cell illuminated by the SoG Fresnel lens strongly depends on the lens-to-cell distance (showing a characteristic W-shaped curve), for the ADG Fresnel lens, the FF remains high at every position. This implies a higher tolerance not only to errors in the module assembly but also to variations in the temperature of the primary lens.
There and Back Again
Creators: name: Hopkins, Owen
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2022

description: This essay explores the defining role that council housing has played in populist politics in Britain from the post-war era to the present. Central to this was Margaret Thatcher’s Right to Buy scheme – an archetypal populist policy that became totemic of her broader reconfiguration of British society. Building on the demonisation of council housing that paved the way for Right to Buy, today, it stands as the implicit foil for the present right-wing government’s populist advocation of ‘beauty’ (i.e. traditional styles) as a way of removing objections to future development. Meanwhile, the populist left argues for a return to the mass council house building of the post-war era, despite the recent success of small-scale, tactical council housing projects, such as those by Peter Barber Architects. The essay argues that the polarised and asymmetrical nature of this debate, conflating questions of aesthetics, typology and planning and tenure type, is typical of populist politics, ensuring a middle ground is by definition impossible. The essay concludes with the contention that if populist politics tends towards a monocultural architecture and urbanism, then a built environment that allows room for different forms, ideas and agendas may itself help foster a politics of pluralism.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Issue # 29 | Autumn/ Winter 2021 |The Architecture of Populism: Media, Politics and Aesthetics
title: Mediterranean Stone Anchors
title: Bronze Age Trade & Social Practice
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Warburton, David A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bronze Age anchors
subject: networking
subject: world-systems
subject: Mediterranean
subject: seafaring
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: The history and distribution of Bronze Age Mediterranean stone anchors reflect the trade routes, and probably that of copper in particular. Although generally associated with the eastern Mediterranean, they are found farther afield – and, although their usage in the late second millennium BC may well have been largely commercial, the origins of the anchors may lie in the activities of the Egyptian state. There is thus an historical development as well as a distribution pattern. Aligning this archaeological evidence with the various models on offer is a challenge or an opening, as the material is mute and open to discussion.
Effects of interface oxygen vacancies on electronic bands of FeSe/SrTiO3(001)
Creators: name: Chen, M. X.
name: Ge, Zhuozhi
name: Li, Y. Y.
name: Agterberg, D. F.
name: Li, L.
name: Weinert, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modifications of the electronic bands of thin FeSe films due to oxygen vacancies in the supporting SrTiO 3 (001) substrate - and the interplay with spin-orbit coupling, magnetism, and epitaxy - are investigated by first-principles supercell calculations. Unfolded (k-projected) bands show that the oxygen vacancies both provide electron doping to the interface FeSe layer and also have notable effects on the details of the bands around the Fermi level, including renormalizing the width of the Fe-3d band near the Fermi level by a factor of about 0.6, and causing a splitting of ~40 meV at the M point for the checkerboard antiferromagnetic configuration. For an FeSe bilayer, the modifications to the bands are mainly limited to the interface FeSe layer. While spin-orbit-coupling induced band splittings of ~30 meV at M for the ideal FeSe/SrTiO3 (001) interfaces are comparable to the splitting due to oxygen vacancies, the effects are not simply additive. Calculations and comparison to our scanning tunneling microscopy images of MBE-grown FeSe films on SrTiO3 (001) suggest that a common defect may be Se bound to an oxygen vacancy at the interface
Impact of gravitational lensing on black hole mass function inference with third-generation gravitational wave detectors
Creators: name: He, Xianlong
name: Liao, Kai
name: Ding, Xuheng
name: Yang, Lilan
name: Wen, Xudong
name: You, Zhiqiang
name: Zhu, Zong-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent rapid growth of the black hole (BH) catalog from gravitational waves (GWs), has allowed us to study the substructure of black hole mass function (BHMF) beyond the simplest Power-Law distribution. However, the BH masses inferred from binary BH merger events, may be systematically 'brightened' or 'dimmed' by the gravitational lensing effect. In this work, we investigate the impact of gravitational lensing on the BHMF inference considering the detection of the third-generation GW detector -- the Einstein Telescope (ET). We focus on high redshift, $z=10$, in order to obtain the upper limits of this effect. We use Monte Carlo (MC) method to simulate the data adopting 3 original BHMFs under Un-Lensed and Lensed scenarios, then recover the parameters of BHMFs from the mock data, and compare the difference of results, respectively. We found that all the parameters are well recovered within one standard deviation(std., 1$σ$), and all 3 BHMF models are reconstructed within 68\% credible interval, suggesting that lensing would not change the main structure drastically, even at very high redshifts and with high precision of ET. And the modest influence beyond $50M_{\odot}$, depends on the modeling of the high mass tail or substructure of BHMF. We conclude that the impact of lensing on BHMF inference with ET can be safely ignored in the foreseeable future. Careful handling of lensing effects is required only when focusing on an accurate estimation of the high mass end of BHMF at high redshifts.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Light Trapping Simulated by Fast and Accurate Transfer Matrix Approach
Creators: name: Holovsky, J.
name: Nevyhosteny, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
Fundamental Studies

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 99-101
description: Today’s photovoltaic technologies are optimized to conditions that hardly happen at the same time: 1000W/m2 normal irradiance and 25°C cell temperature. Partially, this makes sense for a concept of solar parks generating and selling electricity at a fixed price. This is however an outdated concept when the generation in the middle of a sunny day had a priority. The future concepts will on the other hand take into account also the electricity demand, thus making the optimization process much more complicated. Mathematical tools that can quickly calculate energy generation at a point in time with given irradiance, angle and temperature will be highly desirable in device optimization. Obviously, technology of crystalline silicon will stay involved. There, we cannot forget the chase for
higher efficiency which pushes down the crystalline silicon wafer thicknesses while maintaining the optical absorption.
Concept of light scattering on a nano-rough surfaces might then be applied together with usual geometrical approaches.
Another popular concept will be a tandem of crystalline silicon and hybrid perovskite which is usually a layer with notable light scattering at nano-porous TiO layer. In all these cases the proper light management will be a crucial optimization field. It will inevitably combine geometrical ray-tracing in thick wafer together with thin-film Fresnel optics in contacts or top thin-film sub-cell, but also light scattering. The concept of light scattering and light trapping used to be inevitable for maintaining the technology of amorphous silicon profitable for long time. This strong light trapping concept will again rise in importance for current technologies, but fast methods of simulations will have
priority in more comprehensive optimization over the time-consuming methods such as finite element or FDTD method. In this paper we present a novel approach of optical simulation of multilayer with accounting surface scattering
that is based on complex transfer matrix concept, similarly as the non-scattered Fresnel component. This allows
treatment of light trapping and effects of evanescent waves also for the scattered light. The only condition is to include
phase randomization present in the case of light scattering.
Generic appearance of objective results in quantum measurements
Creators: name: Korbicz, J. K.
name: Aguilar, E. A.
name: Ćwikliński, P.
name: Horodecki, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement is of central interest in quantum mechanics as it provides the link between the quantum world and the world of everyday experience. One of the features of the latter is its robust, objective character, contrasting the delicate nature of quantum systems. Here we analyze in a completely model-independent way the celebrated von Neumann measurement process, using recent techniques of information flow, studied in open quantum systems. We show the generic appearance of objective results in quantum measurements, provided we macroscopically coarse-grain the measuring apparatus and wait long enough. To study genericity, we employ the widely-used Gaussian Unitary Ensemble of random matrices and the Hoeffding inequality. We derive generic objectivization timescales, given solely by the interaction strength and the systems' dimensions. Our results are manifestly universal and are a generic property of von Neumann measurements.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, v2: typos corrected, v3: improved proof of the main result; added comments on non-Markovianity , v4: title change; published version
Cedric Price’s Pop-Up Parliament
Creators: name: Pohl, Dennis
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2022

description: The digital era has supposedly had a drastic impact on contemporary forms of political debate. Live-tweets, podcasts, and posts have become the main channels for politics, polemics, and populism alike. But these tendencies are not only an acceleration of the politics of media brought about by the logics behind television, cybernetics, and computation in the post-war era. They gained strength when populist politics appropriated information access via mass media, which once promised the emancipation of ordinary citizens by architectural means through pop-culture. In this essay I seek to elaborate how Cedric Price’s 1965 design of the Pop-Up Parliament dealt with a media-technical condition of politics, while proposing that architecture was an integral part of the media network of governing. Price’s project is paradigmatic of the 1960s, a period when the media operations of information compression, prediction, and audience targeting became more decisive for politics than the content of debate. This analysis allows us, on the one hand, to problematise conventional definitions of populism towards a media-based concept, and on the other, to further our understanding of architecture as a political medium operating directly with media such as documents, television, and computers. This essay argues that the advent of digital media calls for a different architectural history of populism, one which engages with the operativity of media and cultural techniques, rather than relying upon the symbolic representation of ideology in architecture.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Issue # 29 | Autumn/ Winter 2021 |The Architecture of Populism: Media, Politics and Aesthetics
Characterization of interactions' persistence in time-varying networks
Creators: name: Mingueza, Francisco Bauzá
name: Floría, Mario
name: Gómez-Gardeñes, Jesús
name: Arenas, Alex
name: Cardillo, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many complex networked systems exhibit volatile dynamic interactions among their vertices, whose order and persistence reverberate on the outcome of dynamical processes taking place on them. To quantify and characterize the similarity of the snapshots of a time-varying network -- a proxy for the persistence,-- we present a study on the persistence of the interactions based on a descriptor named \emph{temporality}. We use the average value of the temporality, $\overline{\mathcal{T}}$, to assess how ``\emph{special}'' is a given time-varying network within the configuration space of ordered sequences of snapshots. We analyze the temporality of several empirical networks and find that empirical sequences are much more similar than their randomized counterparts. We study also the effects on $\overline{\mathcal{T}}$ induced by the (time) resolution at which interactions take place.
description: Main + Supplementary (as ancillary file)
Fe3O4(110)-(1x3) Revisited: Periodic (111) Nano-Facets
Creators: name: Parkinson, Gareth S.
name: Lackner, Peter
name: Gamba, Oscar
name: Maaß, Sebastian
name: Gerhold, Stefan
name: Riva, Michele
name: Bliem, Roland
name: Diebold, Ulrike
name: Schmid, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the Fe3O4(110)-(1x3) surface was studied with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), and reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). The so-called one-dimensional reconstruction is characterised by bright rows that extend hundreds of nanometers in the [1-10] direction and have a periodicity of 2.52 nm in [001] in STM. It is concluded that this reconstruction is the result of a periodic faceting to expose {111}-type planes with a lower surface energy.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
title: The Ostrogothic Defence of the Hesperia
title: Contested Borders, Contested Loyalties
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Grundmann, Kai
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Military History
subject: Gothic History
subject: Late Antiquity
subject: Early Middle Ages
subject: Border Conflict
subject: Theoderic
subject: Loyalties
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::900 Geschichte::900 Geschichte und Geografie

description: After Theoderic the Great had effectively taken the place of the Western Roman Emperor, he based his border defence on late Roman designs, but adapted it to the new situation he faced. While claiming Raetia and Noricum for his realm he established little direct presence, relying on local troops and a shadow of hierarchy. This contributed to the northern border being fuzzy. Contrasting this with the Balkans border highlights the effect a direct presence of Theoderic’s troops had in the long run. The attempt to establish clear borders against opposition from the Eastern Roman Empire forced many local powers to realign their allegiances. Whereas the fuzziness of the northern border stabilized the region, the clear but contested borders on the Balkans eventually destabilized the region.
TPedge: Progress on Cost-Efficient and Durable Edge-Sealed PV Modules
Creators: name: Mittag, M.
name: Eitner, U.
name: Neff, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 48-54
description: With TPedge we present an advanced frameless, polymer free encapsulation concept for silicon solar cells which addresses disadvantages and cost factors related to conventional solar modules. TPedge is a gas-filled, edge sealed, glass-glass module without polymeric encapsulation foils. The cost calculation indicates 5.7% lower costs of ownership for TPedge compared to the conventional module production due to savings for encapsulation foils and frame. Results from successful and extended module testing (i.e. 4000 hours damp-heat, PMPP = -1.3%) and 4 years of outdoor exposure prove good reliability of the concept. We perform a cell-to-module (CTM) analysis of TPedge and other concepts and calculate gain and loss factors. We find TPedge to have increased reflection losses compared to conventional modules and a lower CTMpower ratio (0.906). We combine CTM-analysis and cost calculation and find the specific costs (€/Wp) for TPedge to be 1.2% lower compared to the conventional module concept. Weight analysis shows a lower weight of TPedge modules compared to conventional modules and glassglass laminates (-0.4 kg). A Carbon footprint analysis performed for different module concepts and important module materials shows a lower CO2-footprint of the materials used in TPedge modules compared to conventional modules.
Plug-&-play generation of non-Gaussian states of light at a telecom wavelength
Creators: name: Melalkia, Mohamed Faouzi
name: Gabbrielli, Tecla
name: Petitjean, Antoine
name: Brunel, Léandre
name: Zavatta, Alessandro
name: Tanzilli, Sébastien
name: Etesse, Jean
name: D'Auria, Virginia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work marks an important progress towards practical quantum optical technologies in the continuous variable regime, as it shows the feasibility of experiments where non-Gaussian state generation entirely relies on plug-&-play components from guided-wave optics technologies. This strategy is demonstrated experimentally with the heralded preparation of low amplitude Schrödinger cat states based on single-photon subtraction from a squeezed vacuum. All stages of the experiment are based on off-the-shelf fiber components. This leads to a stable, compact, and easily re-configurable realization, fully compatible with existing fibre networks and, more in general, with future out-of-the-laboratory applications.
Inferring 3D change detection from bitemporal optical images
Creators: name: Marsocci, Valerio
name: Coletta, Virginia
name: Ravanelli, Roberta
name: Scardapane, Simone
name: Crespi, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Change detection is one of the most active research areas in Remote Sensing (RS). Most of the recently developed change detection methods are based on deep learning (DL) algorithms. This kind of algorithms is generally focused on generating two-dimensional (2D) change maps, thus only identifying planimetric changes in land use/land cover (LULC) and not considering nor returning any information on the corresponding elevation changes. Our work goes one step further, proposing two novel networks, able to solve simultaneously the 2D and 3D CD tasks, and the 3DCD dataset, a novel and freely available dataset precisely designed for this multitask. Particularly, the aim of this work is to lay the foundations for the development of DL algorithms able to automatically infer an elevation (3D) CD map -- together with a standard 2D CD map --, starting only from a pair of bitemporal optical images. The proposed architectures, to perform the task described before, consist of a transformer-based network, the MultiTask Bitemporal Images Transformer (MTBIT), and a deep convolutional network, the Siamese ResUNet (SUNet). Particularly, MTBIT is a transformer-based architecture, based on a semantic tokenizer. SUNet instead combines, in a siamese encoder, skip connections and residual layers to learn rich features, capable to solve efficiently the proposed task. These models are, thus, able to obtain 3D CD maps from two optical images taken at different time instants, without the need to rely directly on elevation data during the inference step. Encouraging results, obtained on the novel 3DCD dataset, are shown. The code and the 3DCD dataset are available at https://sites.google.com/uniroma1.it/3dchangedetection/home-page.
description: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2022.12.009
'New Classical' Contemporary Architecture
Creators: name: Chabard, Pierre
Publisher: name: FOOTPRINT
Year: 2022

description: Cet article s’attache à retracer la généalogie des idées portés par le réseau anglo-saxon d’architectes new classical qui partagent le souhait de renouer avec les traditions prémodernes et avec une « architecture classique », largement idéalisée et réinventée. Résonnant avec les arguments réactionnaires et identitaires de la droite populiste actuelle, cette doctrine architecturale s’est structurée au tournant des années 1980 au plus fort des débats autour du postmodernisme et s’est développée depuis lors, en dehors des scènes courantes de l’architecture contemporaine, à la faveur d’importants relais politiques (notamment, au Royaume Uni, celui du Prince de Galles) et de la structuration d’un cadre institutionnel et d’une commande spécifiques. Au-delà de leur positionnement stylistique, les protagonistes de cette new classical architecture revendiquent une volonté de revenir aux modes de construction artisanaux traditionnels et manifestent un certain rapport au temps résolument anti-historiciste qui rejoint ce que Zygmunt Bauman a appelé la retrotopia.
description: FOOTPRINT, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Issue # 29 | Autumn/ Winter 2021 |The Architecture of Populism: Media, Politics and Aesthetics