cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
U.S.-EU BANANA WAR: IMPLICATIONS OF RETALIATORY TARIFFS ON PECORINO CHEESE
Creators: name: Heboyan, Vahe
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Epperson, James E.
name: Heboyan, Vahe
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Epperson, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This paper illustrates the economic impact of the U.S. countervailing trade policy because of the European Union's failure to adhere to the dispute panel findings of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in the banana dispute. The United States subsequently imposed prohibitive tariffs (100% ad valorem) on imports of selected EU products as countervailing policy. The estimated loss in consumer surplus for Pecorino cheese was $4.96 million per year as a result of the U.S. retaliatory trade policy. Tariff revenue and deadweight losses were $1.86 and $3.10 million, respectively. Italian producers are expected to lose $8.55 million in revenue due to reduced exports to the United States. Thus, the estimated welfare loss for Italian producers is nearly twice that for U.S. consumers.
Evolution of X-ray emission from young massive star clusters
Creators: name: Oskinova, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of X-ray emission from young massive star clusters is modeled, taking into account the emission from the stars as well as from the cluster wind. It is shown that the level and character of the soft (0.2-10 keV) X-ray emission change drastically with cluster age and are tightly linked with stellar evolution. Using the modern X-ray observations of massive stars we show that the correlation between bolometric and X-ray luminosity known for single O stars also holds for O+O and O+Wolf-Rayet (WR) binaries. The diffuse emission originates from the cluster wind heated by the kinetic energy of stellar winds and supernova explosions. To model the evolution of the cluster wind, the mass and energy yields from a population synthesis are used as input to a hydrodynamic model. It is shown that in a very young clusters the emission from the cluster wind is low. When the cluster evolves, WR stars are formed. Their strong stellar winds power an increasing X-ray emission of the cluster wind. Subsequent supernova explosions pump the level of diffuse emission even higher. Clusters at this evolutionary stage may have no X-ray bright stellar point sources, but a relatively high level of diffuse emission. A supernova remnant may become a dominant X-ray source, but only for a short time interval of a few thousand years. We retrieve and analyse Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of six massive star clusters located in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Our model reproduces the observed diffuse and point-source emission from these LMC clusters, as well as from the Galactic clusters Arches, Quintuplet and NGC 3603.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted by MNRAS
PROFITABILITY ADJUSTMENT PATTERNS IN INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND CONSUMER PRODUCTS INDUSTRIES
Creators: name: Acheampong, Yvonne J.
name: Epperson, James E.
name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Acheampong, Yvonne J.
name: Epperson, James E.
name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Relations/Trade

description: The study encompasses an analysis of the variation in speeds of profitability adjustment and accounting bias by developed country and firm size for two important agribusiness industries. Evidence of speeds of profitability adjustment and accounting bias varying by firm size was found in the beverage and tobacco industry and by country in the food and consumer products industry. This suggests that the competitive pressures of integrated international markets are less of a factor in the food and consumer products industry.
Взаимосвязь показателей пренатального скрининга I триместра с риском осложнений беременности
Creators: name: Кудрявцева Елена Владимировна
name: Ковалев Владислав Викторович
name: Баранов Игорь Иванович
name: Вшивцев Кирилл Сергеевич
name: Аребьев Эдуард Васильевич
name: Баязитова Наталья Николаевна
Publisher: name: Акушерство и гинекология: Новости. Мнения. Обучения
Year: 2020
Subjects: пренатальный скрининг
преэклампсия
большие акушерские синдромы
комбинированный скрининг I триместра
неинвазивный пренатальный тест
фетальная фракция

description: Цель – оценка взаимосвязи биохимических и ультразвуковых показателей комплекса пренатальной диагностики (КПД) I триместра и неинвазивного пренатального скрининга (НИПС) с риском осложнений беременности из группы больших акушерских синдромов. Материал и методы. Ретроспективное когортное исследование включало данные скрининга в I триместре беременности 391 женщин с 2017 по 2019 г. Основную группу (n=279) составили пациентки, имеющие осложнения беременности. В контрольную группу вошли женщины с благоприятным исходом беременности (n=112). Проведен анализ следующих показателей: уровни PAPP-A и β-hCG, толщина воротникового пространства (ТВП) и уровень фетальной фракции (ФФ) в сроки беременности 11–13 (+6) нед; НИПС был проведен 64 пациенткам основной группы и 56 пациенткам контрольной группы в сроке беременности 12–14 нед; помимо этого, проведен анализ данных акушерского анамнеза и антропометрических показателей пациенток. Результаты. Выявлены существенные различия по данным акушерского анамнеза и антропометрическим параметрам; среди биохимических показателей достоверные различия установлены по среднему уровню РАРР-А, MoМ между основной и контрольной группами (р<0,01), высока вероятность неблагоприятного исхода при РАРР-А <0,3 МоМ; значение РАРР-А >1,5 МоМ является благоприятным прогностическим признаком. Величина ТВП достоверно значима при сравнении контрольной группы и 1D подгруппы (пациентки с антенатальной гибелью плода) (р<0,05). Уровень ФФ в основной группе снижен по сравнению с контрольной группой (р=0,04). Заключение. Среди исследуемых показателей наибольшее значение имеет уровень РАРР-А. Увеличение ТВП в отсутствие хромосомных аномалий (ХА) у плода сопряжено с риском антенатальной гибели плода даже при неосложненном течении беременности. При проведении НИПС более низкий уровень ФФ определяется у пациенток с последующим осложненным течением гестации, однако данный параметр требует дальнейшего изучения.
A piecewise conservative method for unconstrained convex optimization
Creators: name: Scagliotti, A.
name: Franzone, P. Colli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a continuous-time optimization method based on a dynamical system, where a massive particle starting at rest moves in the conservative force field generated by the objective function, without any kind of friction. We formulate a restart criterion based on the mean dissipation of the kinetic energy, and we prove a global convergence result for strongly-convex functions. Using the Symplectic Euler discretization scheme, we obtain an iterative optimization algorithm. We have considered a discrete mean dissipation restart scheme, but we have also introduced a new restart procedure based on ensuring at each iteration a decrease of the objective function greater than the one achieved by a step of the classical gradient method. For the discrete conservative algorithm, this last restart criterion is capable of guaranteeing a convergence result. We apply the same restart scheme to the Nesterov Accelerated Gradient (NAG-C), and we use this restarted NAG-C as benchmark in the numerical experiments. In the smooth convex problems considered, our method shows a faster convergence rate than the restarted NAG-C. We propose an extension of our discrete conservative algorithm to composite optimization: in the numerical tests involving non-strongly convex functions with $\ell^1$-regularization, it has better performances than the well known efficient Fast Iterative Shrinkage-Thresholding Algorithm, accelerated with an adaptive restart scheme.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures. Generalization of the discrete convergence result. Minor changes and correction of typos
Возможности раннего прогнозирования перинатальных исходов в I триместре у пациенток с предлежанием плаценты, осложнившимся ее аномальной инвазией
Creators: name: Макухина Татьяна Борисовна
name: Пенжоян Григорий Артемович
name: Лебеденко Елена Сергеевна
name: Хорольский Вадим Александрович
name: Солнцева Алина Витальевна
name: Казанчи Фатима Байзетовна
Publisher: name: Акушерство и гинекология: Новости. Мнения. Обучения
Year: 2020
Subjects: предлежание плаценты
аномально инвазивная плацента
РАРР-А
β-ХГЧ
перинатальные исходы

description: Цель – изучить диагностические возможности серологических биохимических маркеров в I триместре у пациенток с аномальной плацентацией для прогноза перинатальных исходов и оптимизации лечебной тактики. Материал и методы. Ретроспективный анализ историй 48 пациенток с аномальной плацентацией: с предлежанием плаценты (ПП) без аномальной инвазии плаценты (АИП) – n=23; с АИП – n=25. Сравнивали паритет, количество (n) беременностей и кесаревых сечений в анамнезе, уровни плазменного протеина А (РАРР-А) и β-хорионического гонадотропина человека (β-ХГЧ) в I триместре в multiples of the median (МоМ) (Ме, 25–75%), сроки и порядок родоразрешения, объем кровопотери при родоразрешении (мл), масса тела новорожденного (г), наличие синдрома задержки роста плода (СЗРП), оценку по шкале Апгар к 5-й минуте, потребность в интенсивной терапии/реанимации новорожденных. Результаты. В группе пациенток с АИП частота повторных кесаревых сечений была выше, объем кровопотери при родоразрешении больше, чем при ПП без АИП (р<0,001). Отличия в уровнях РАРР-А и β-ХГЧ между группами были недостоверны. Положительная корреляция массы новорожденного с уровнем РАРР-А, β-ХГЧ, а также оценки по шкале Апгар к 5-й минуте с β-ХГЧ достигла уровня достоверности (ρ=0,346; 0,290; 0,397; р=0,019; 0,053; 0,017 соответственно). Заключение. Ценность обнаруженной корреляции серологических маркеров в I триместре с перинатальным исходами у пациенток с ПП или АИП не имеет самостоятельного значения для оптимизации лечебной тактики и требует дальнейшего изучения.
Gauge invariance in two-particle scattering
Creators: name: Borasoy, B.
name: Bruns, P. C.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
name: Nißler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown how gauge invariance is obtained for the coupling of a photon to a two-body state described by the solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation. This is illustrated both for a complex scalar field theory and for interaction kernels derived from chiral effective Lagrangians.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, references added and commented on
Shadow analysis for rotating black holes in the presence of plasma for an expanding universe
Creators: name: Chowdhuri, Abhishek
name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the structure of shadow for a Kerr-de Sitter black hole with a non-magnetized, pressureless plasma surrounding it. Specific plasma distributions are considered to separate the Hamilton-Jacobi equation and find the photon regions. An analytic formula describing the boundary curve of the shadow for such a black hole in an expanding universe for an observer at any finite point outside the horizon is derived. We observe deviations which are further explored by calculating the curvature radius at a particular point for such structures in the presence and absence of plasma and calculate the diameter of the shadow.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, shadow plots and discussion regarding distortion parameter updated, references added, version to appear in Physical Review D
Disorder-induced decoupling of attracting identical fermions: transfer matrix approach
Creators: name: Knyazeva, Lolita I.
name: Yudson, Vladimir I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a pair of identical fermions with a short-range attractive interaction on a finite lattice cluster in the presence of strong site disorder. This toy model imitates a low density regime of the strongly disordered Hubbard model. In contrast to spinful fermions, which can simultaneously occupy a site with a minimal energy and thus always form a bound state resistant to disorder, for the identical fermions the probability of pairing on neighboring sites depends on the relation between the interaction and the disorder. The complexity of `brute-force' calculations (both analytical and numerical) of this probability grows rapidly with the number of sites even for the simplest cluster geometry in the form of a closed chain. Remarkably, this problem is related to an old mathematical task of computing the volume of a polyhedron, known as NP-hard. However, we have found that the problem in the chain geometry can be exactly solved by the transfer matrix method. Using this approach we have calculated the pairing probability in the long chain for an arbitrary relation between the interaction and the disorder strengths and completely described the crossover between the regimes of coupled and separated fermions.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Local Polyakov-loop fluctuation and center domains in quark-gluon plasma with many colors
Creators: name: Nakajima, Yuto
name: Suganuma, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deconfinement transition in non-Abelian gauge theory is understood as spontaneous breaking of $\mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetry at high temperatures. Accordingly, quark-gluon plasma generally includes some partial cells called center domains, each with a homogeneous Polyakov-loop expectation value. In this work, constructing an effective action describing the deconfinement vacuum of Yang-Mills theory with $N$ colors, we discuss the properties of center domains. First, we evaluate the spatial correlation of local Polyakov-loop fluctuation and demonstrate that some fluctuation becomes a Nambu-Goldstone-like mode in the large-$N$ limit. We also discuss surface tension between two $\mathbb{Z}_N$ center domains. Second, we estimate the global vacuum-to-vacuum transition in a single center domain. We find that some threshold volume exists, where a domain larger than this volume is stable, and vice versa. Identifying the threshold as the lower bound of a stable center domain volume, we quantitatively argue the typical volume scale of center domains.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; Proceedings of the 40th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE2023)
Pleurocladula catenulata Konstant., Vilnet et A. V. Troitsky
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Pleurocladula
Pleurocladula catenulata

description: Pleurocladula catenulata (Huebener) Konstant., Vilnet et A.V.Troitsky,
Arctoa 21: 125, 2012 (see Vilnet et al. 2012). BASIONYM: Jungermannia catenulata Huebener, Hepaticol. Germ.: 169, 1834 (see Hübener 1834).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 72, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Universal evolutionary model for periodical species
Creators: name: Goles, Eric
name: Slapničar, Ivan
name: Lardies, Marco A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92D15, 92D25

description: Real-world examples of periods of periodical organisms range from cicadas whose life-cycles are larger prime numbers, like 13 or 17, to bamboos whose periods are large multiples of small primes, like 40 or even 120. The periodicity is caused by interaction of species, be it a predator-prey relationship, symbiosis, commensialism, or competition exclusion principle. We propose a simple mathematical model which explains and models all those principles, including listed extremel cases. This, rather universal, qualitative model is based on the concept of a local fitness function, where a randomly chosen new period is selected if the value of the global fitness function of the species increases. Arithmetically speaking, the different observed interactions are related to only four principles: given a couple of integer periods either (1) their greatest common divisor is one, (2) one of the periods is prime, (3) both periods are equal, or (4) one period is an integer multiple of the other.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Classifications of $Γ$-colored minuscule posets and $P$-minuscule Kac--Moody representations
Creators: name: Strayer, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05E10, Secondary 17B10, 17B67, 06A11

description: The $Γ$-colored $d$-complete and $Γ$-colored minuscule posets unify and generalize multiple classes of colored posets introduced by R.A. Proctor, J.R. Stembridge, and R.M. Green. In previous work, we showed that $Γ$-colored minuscule posets are necessary and sufficient to build from colored posets certain representations of Kac--Moody algebras that generalize minuscule representations of semisimple Lie algebras. In this paper we classify $Γ$-colored minuscule posets, which also classifies the corresponding representations. We show that $Γ$-colored minuscule posets are precisely disjoint unions of colored minuscule posets of Proctor and connected full heaps of Green. Connected finite $Γ$-colored minuscule posets can be realized as certain posets of coroots in the corresponding finite Lie type.
description: Version 2: 29 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Место молекулярно-генетических методов в мониторинге и диагностике оппортунистических инфекций, в том числе связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи, у пациентов неонатального и акушерско-гинекологического профиля
Creators: name: Припутневич Татьяна Валерьевна
name: Любасовская Людмила Анатольевна
name: Трофимов Дмитрий Юрьевич
name: Донников Андрей Евгеньевич
name: Быстрицкий Андрей Александрович
name: Гордеев Алексей Борисович
name: Сердюкова Дарья Михайловна
name: Шабанова Наталья Евгеньевна
Publisher: name: Акушерство и гинекология: Новости. Мнения. Обучения
Year: 2020
Subjects: оппортунистические инфекции
гены резистентности
молекулярно-генетическая диагностика
ПЦР-исследование
перинатальная медицина
клиническая лабораторная диагностика

description: Цель исследования – предложить технологию мониторинга и лечения бактериальных инфекций, вызванных полирезистентными условно-патогенными микроорганизмами, на основе молекулярно-генетических методов исследования в перинатальных центрах. Материал и методы. Проведен анализ мировой и отечественной литературы, изучены результаты мировых и отечественных многоцентровых исследований, выполнен анализ собственных данных видовой принадлежности основных оппортунистических патогенов в госпитальной среде, анализ данных о механизмах, составе и распространенности генов резистентности к антибиотикам с учетом особенностей контингента перинатальных центров. Создана коллекция полирезистентных штаммов с различными вариантами фенои генотипической резистентности, проведена валидация технологии in vitro на штаммах микроорганизмов и биологическом материале от новорожденных и женщин. Результаты. С учетом особенностей контингента перинатальных центров разработан перечень наиболее значимых молекулярно-генетических маркеров, необходимых для эффективного лечения госпитальных инфекций и профилактики распространения полирезистентных штаммов микроорганизмов. Технология позволяет выявлять ДНК условно-патогенных микроорганизмов и эпидемиологически значимые маркеры резистентности к β-лактамным антибиотикам и гликопептидам у женщин репродуктивного возраста и новорожденных методом количественной полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени. Сформирован алгоритм выбора оптимальной тактики ведения пациентов неонатального профиля. Заключение. Использование предложенной технологии позволит получить следующий результат: в короткие сроки (в течение 2 ч) выполнить идентификацию основных возбудителей госпитальных оппортунистических инфекций и выявить маркеры их резистентности к β-лактамным антибиотикам и гликопептидам у женщин репродуктивного возраста и новорожденных. На основе полученных данных можно оптимизировать антибактериальную терапию, проводить санитарные и противоэпидемические мероприятия, в том числе по изоляции и маршрутизации пациентов.
Связь амниотического индекса с риском развития дистресса плода при неосложненных беременностях на сроках более 40 нед
Creators: name: Рухляда Николай Николаевич
name: Клиценко Ольга Анатольевна
name: Семенова Эльвира Равильевна
Publisher: name: Акушерство и гинекология: Новости. Мнения. Обучения
Year: 2020
Subjects: амниотический индекс
дистресс плода
маловодие

description: Цель нашего исследования – установить взаимосвязь снижения количества околоплодных вод, определенных с помощью ультразвукового исследования, у беременных на сроках гестации ≥40 нед c возникновением дистресса плода в родах. 260 беременным на сроке ≥40 нед проводили ультразвуковое исследование не более чем за 48 ч до родов. В зависимости от количества околоплодных вод все обследованные женщины были разделены на 3 группы. После родоразрешения беременных проводили анализ состояния плода в родах и сразу после родоразрешения. В результате исследования было определено, что снижение амниотического индекса не является фактором, определяющим прогноз в отношении дистресса плода в родах. Вместе с тем не найдена взаимосвязь снижения амниотического индекса и ухудшения состояния новорожденного сразу после родов. Следовательно, для оценки компенсированного состояния плода необходимы дополнительные методы диагностики, такие как аппаратное кардиотокографическое мониторирование и допплерометрическое исследование плода.
Geometrical Tachyon Kinks and NS5 Branes
Creators: name: Thomas, Steven
name: Ward, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We further investigate the $NS$5 ring background using the tachyon map. Mapping the radion fields to the rolling tachyon helps to explain the motion of a probe $Dp$-brane in this background. It turns out that the radion field becomes tachyonic when the brane is confined to one dimensional motion inside the ring. We find explicit solutions for the geometrical tachyon field that describe stable kink solutions which are similar to those of the open string tachyon. Interestingly in the case of the geometric tachyon, the dynamics is controlled by a cosine potential. In addition, we couple a constant electric field to the probe-brane, but find that the only stable kink solutions occur when there is zero electric field or a critical field value. We also investigate the behaviour of Non-BPS branes in this background, and find that the end state of any probe brane is that of tachyonic matter 'trapped' around the interior of the ring. We conclude by considering compactification of the ring solution in one of the transverse directions.
description: Latex, 24 pages, 1 eps fig; clarifying comments added to Section 2; typos corrected
Интегральная оценка состояния микробиоты влагалища. Диагностика оппортунистических вагинитов
Creators: name: Анкирская Алла Семеновна
name: Муравьева Вера Васильевна
Publisher: name: Акушерство и гинекология: Новости. Мнения. Обучения
Year: 2020
Subjects: микробиота влагалища
оппортунистические вагиниты
микробиологическая диагностика

description: Представлены методы микробиологической диагностики, позволяющие получить интегральную оценку состояния микробиоты (микроценоза) влагалища и диагностировать оппортунистические вагинальные инфекции. Диагностика основана на сочетании микроскопии грам-мазков и культурального исследования вагинального отделяемого, что дает возможность с наименьшими экономическими затратами получить достоверную информацию о состоянии микробиоты влагалища, диагностировать инфекции, вызванные условно-патогенными микроорганизмами, и предложить наиболее рациональные схемы этиотропного лечения при выявлении возбудителя в каждом конкретном случае. Это позволяет избежать осложнений, связанных с неадекватной стартовой антибиотикотерапией, а также предупредить развитие осложнений беременности (самопроизвольные выкидыши, преждевременные роды) и осложнений после хирургических вмешательств.
Magnetofluid Unification in the Yang-Mills Lagrangian
Creators: name: Fajarudin, A.
name: Sulaiman, A.
name: Djun, T. P.
name: Handoko, L. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Yang-Mills magnetofluid unification is constructed using lagrangian approach by imposing certain gauge symmetry to the matter inside the fluid. The model provides a general description for relativistic fluid interacting with Abelian or non-Abelian gauge field. The differences with the hybrid magnetofluid model are discussed, and few physical consequences of this formalism are worked out.
description: 7 pages; change title and authors
การศึกษากฤษณาสอนน้องคำฉันท์เชิงประวัติและวิจารณทัศน์เรื่องการอ้างอิง
Creators: name: โชษิตา มณีใส
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2009
Subjects: -

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 9, พฤศจิกายน, 1-25
Atomistic treatment of depolarizing energy and field in ferroelectric nanostructures
Creators: name: Ponomareva, I.
name: Naumov, I. I.
name: Kornev, I.
name: Fu, Huaxiang
name: Bellaiche, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An {\it atomistic} approach allowing an accurate and efficient treatment of depolarizing energy and field in {\it any} low-dimensional ferroelectric structure is developed. Application of this approach demonstrates the limits of the widely used continuum model (even) for simple test cases. Moreover, implementation of this approach within a first-principles-based model reveals an unusual phase transition -- from a state exhibiting a spontaneous polarization to a phase associated with a toroid moment of polarization -- in a ferroelectric nanodot for a critical value of the depolarizing field.
Efficient quantum algorithm for dissipative nonlinear differential equations
Creators: name: Liu, Jin-Peng
name: Kolden, Herman Øie
name: Krovi, Hari K.
name: Loureiro, Nuno F.
name: Trivisa, Konstantina
name: Childs, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Nonlinear differential equations model diverse phenomena but are notoriously difficult to solve. While there has been extensive previous work on efficient quantum algorithms for linear differential equations, the linearity of quantum mechanics has limited analogous progress for the nonlinear case. Despite this obstacle, we develop a quantum algorithm for dissipative quadratic $n$-dimensional ordinary differential equations. Assuming $R < 1$, where $R$ is a parameter characterizing the ratio of the nonlinearity and forcing to the linear dissipation, this algorithm has complexity $T^2 q~\mathrm{poly}(\log T, \log n, \log 1/ε)/ε$, where $T$ is the evolution time, $ε$ is the allowed error, and $q$ measures decay of the solution. This is an exponential improvement over the best previous quantum algorithms, whose complexity is exponential in $T$. While exponential decay precludes efficiency, driven equations can avoid this issue despite the presence of dissipation. Our algorithm uses the method of Carleman linearization, for which we give a novel convergence theorem. This method maps a system of nonlinear differential equations to an infinite-dimensional system of linear differential equations, which we discretize, truncate, and solve using the forward Euler method and the quantum linear system algorithm. We also provide a lower bound on the worst-case complexity of quantum algorithms for general quadratic differential equations, showing that the problem is intractable for $R \ge \sqrt{2}$. Finally, we discuss potential applications, showing that the $R < 1$ condition can be satisfied in realistic epidemiological models and giving numerical evidence that the method may describe a model of fluid dynamics even for larger values of $R$.
description: 36 pages, 1 figure. Published in PNAS
Pleurocladula connivens Konstant., Vilnet et A. V. Troitsky
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Pleurocladula
Pleurocladula connivens

description: Pleurocladula connivens (Dicks.) Konstant., Vilnet et A.V.Troitsky,
Arctoa 21: 125, 2012 (see Vilnet et al. 2012). BASIONYM: Jungermannia connivens Dicks., Fasc. Pl. Crypt. Brit. 4: 19, 1801 (see Dickson 1801).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 72, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
When euthanasia is an option : the experience of making end-of-life decisions for companion animals
Creators: name: Horn, Laurel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: It's only a dog! You should just get another cat. You waited too long to take him to the vet as it is. These are some of the common attitudes and reactions that pet owners must often contend with when their companion animals die. Though they may be trying to be understanding and supportive, it is often difficult for people who have not experienced the death of a companion animal to understand the potential significance of such a loss. The present study explores one of the factors that often complicates and makes the death of a companion animal especially difficult: the possibility and expectation of euthanasia. What is it like to make life and death decisions for companion animals? What thoughts and feelings are experienced in the decision making process? What is it like after the animal dies as a result of euthanasia? These questions are the focus of this study. The study focuses on the experiences of eight companion animal owners and utilizes a case study design. Information was gathered through interviews and researcher observations. Each case is presented individually and themes and a general discussion of the cases are also included.
НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ОРИЕНТАЦИИ АБИТУРИЕНТОВ ПРИ ПОСТУПЛЕНИИ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ВЫСШЕГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Creators: name: АМЛАЕВ КАРЭН РОБЕРТОВИЧ
name: МУРАВЬЕВА АЛЛА АНАТОЛЬЕВНА
name: КОЙЧУЕВА СОФЬЯ МАГОМЕТОВНА
name: ХОДЖАЯН АННА БОРИСОВНА
Publisher: name: Медицинское образование и профессиональное развитие
Year: 2020
Subjects: МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
МАЛАЯ МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ
ПРОФОРИЕНТАЦИЯ В МЕДИЦИНСКИЕ УНИВЕРСИТЕТЫ
MEDICAL EDUCATION
SMALL MEDICAL ACADEMY
CAREER GUIDANCE AT MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES

description: В статье дан обзор технологий профориентационной работы с абитуриентами, планирующими поступать в медицинские университеты. Раскрыты цели довузовского образования в медицинском университете. Отмечена положительная роль малых медицинских академий в подготовке высокомотивированных абитуриентов, оценена их эффективность. Описаны современные методики отбора среди выпускников средних учебных заведений тех, кто наиболее подготовлен к обучению медицинской специальности.
ตัวละครพระพี่นางสุพรรณกัลยาณี: วีรสตรีทางวัฒนธรรมที่สัมพันธ์กับวาทกรรมประวัติศาสตร์
Creators: name: วันชนะ ทองคำเภา
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2009
Subjects: -

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 9, พฤศจิกายน, 26-43
Sublattice-selective inverse Faraday effect in ferrimagnetic rare-earth iron garnet
Creators: name: Hiraoka, Toshiki
name: Kainuma, Ryo
name: Matsumoto, Keita
name: Yamada, Kihiro T.
name: Satoh, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed time-resolved pump--probe measurements using rare-earth iron garnet \ce{Gd3/2Yb1/2BiFe5O12} as a two-sublattice ferrimagnet. We measured the initial phases of the magnetic resonance modes below and above the magnetization compensation temperature to clarify the sublattice selectivity of the inverse Faraday effect in ferrimagnets. A comparison of the time evolution of magnetization estimated using the equations of motion revealed that the inverse Faraday effect occurring in ferrimagnetic materials has sublattice selectivity. This is in striking contrast to antiferromagnets, in which the inverse Faraday effect acts on each sublattice identically. The initial phase analysis can be applied to other ferrimagnets with compensation temperatures.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Radio Sources in Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei.IV. Radio Luminosity Function, Importance of Jet Power, and Radio Properties of the Complete Palomar Sample
Creators: name: Nagar, Neil M.
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Wilson, Andrew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the completed results of a high resolution radio imaging survey of all (~200) low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs) and AGNs in the Palomar Spectroscopic Sample. The high incidences of pc-scale radio nuclei, with T(brightness) >=10^7 K, and sub-parsec jets argue for accreting black holes in >=50% of all LINERs and low-luminosity Seyferts; there is no evidence against all LLAGNs being mini-AGNs. The radio luminosity function (RLF) of Palomar Sample LLAGNs and AGNs extends three orders of magnitude below, and is continuous with, that of `classical' AGNs. We find marginal evidence for a low-power turnover in the RLF; nevertheless LLAGNs are responsible for a significant fraction of present day mass accretion. Adopting the jet model of Falcke & Biermann, we show that the accretion energy output in LLAGNs is dominated by the energy in the observed jets rather than the radiated bolometric luminosity. The Palomar LLAGNs and AGNs follow the same scaling between jet power and narrow line region (NLR) luminosity as the pc to kpc jets in powerful radio galaxies. Eddington ratios of <= 10^{-1} - 10^{-5} are implied in jet models of the radio emission. We find evidence that, in analogy to Galactic black hole candidates, LINERs are in a `low/hard' state (gas poor nuclei, low Eddington ratio, ability to launch collimated jets) while low-luminosity Seyferts are in a `high' state (gas rich nuclei, higher Eddington ratio, less likely to launch collimated jets). The jets are energetically more significant than supernovae in the LLAGN host galaxies, and are potentially able to deposit sufficient energy into the innermost parsecs to significantly slow the gas supply to the accretion disk.
description: Results and content same as pervious submission; language and wording updated for clarity. To appear in A&A
FairOD: Fairness-aware Outlier Detection
Creators: name: Shekhar, Shubhranshu
name: Shah, Neil
name: Akoglu, Leman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fairness and Outlier Detection (OD) are closely related, as it is exactly the goal of OD to spot rare, minority samples in a given population. However, when being a minority (as defined by protected variables, such as race/ethnicity/sex/age) does not reflect positive-class membership (such as criminal/fraud), OD produces unjust outcomes. Surprisingly, fairness-aware OD has been almost untouched in prior work, as fair machine learning literature mainly focuses on supervised settings. Our work aims to bridge this gap. Specifically, we develop desiderata capturing well-motivated fairness criteria for OD, and systematically formalize the fair OD problem. Further, guided by our desiderata, we propose FairOD, a fairness-aware outlier detector that has the following desirable properties: FairOD (1) exhibits treatment parity at test time, (2) aims to flag equal proportions of samples from all groups (i.e. obtain group fairness, via statistical parity), and (3) strives to flag truly high-risk samples within each group. Extensive experiments on a diverse set of synthetic and real world datasets show that FairOD produces outcomes that are fair with respect to protected variables, while performing comparable to (and in some cases, even better than) fairness-agnostic detectors in terms of detection performance.
description: Updated to AIES'21 version
ПАЦИЕНТ-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННАЯ МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ КОНСУЛЬТАЦИЯ. ОБРАЗ ПАЦИЕНТА У ВРАЧА: КАКОЙ ОН И КАК ВЛИЯЕТ НА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ВЗАИМОДЕЙСТВИЯ ПРИ ОКАЗАНИИ ПОМОЩИ
Creators: name: ДЬЯЧЕНКО ЕЛЕНА ВАСИЛЬЕВНА
name: САМОЙЛЕНКО НАДЕЖДА ВИКТОРОВНА
Publisher: name: Медицинское образование и профессиональное развитие
Year: 2020
Subjects: ОБРАЗ ПАЦИЕНТА
НАВЫКИ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОГО ОБЩЕНИЯ ВРАЧА
ПАЦИЕНТОРИЕНТИРОВАННАЯ МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ КОНСУЛЬТАЦИЯ
PERCEPTION OF A PATIENT
DOCTOR'S PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATION SKILLS
PATIENT-ORIENTED MEDICAL CONSULTATION

description: Практические навыки врача при оказании медицинской помощи пациенту различают по степени влияния личности самого врача на эффективность выполнения профессиональных задач. Навыки профессионального общения с пациентом с целью сбора жалоб, анамнеза или разъяснения медицинской информации претерпевают наибольшее влияние со стороны индивидуально-психологических особенностей личности врача на клинические исходы в медицинской консультации, на удовлетворенность взаимодействием как пациента, так и самого врача. По нашему мнению, образ пациента в представлении врача как часть его мировоззрения оказывает неосознанное влияние на эффективность медицинской консультации. В статье приведено исследование образа пациента в представлении врачей и его эффекты на характер взаимодействия при оказании медицинской помощи.
Density Matrix Renormalization Group and the Nuclear Shell Model
Creators: name: Pittel, S.
name: Sandulescu, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the use of the Density Matrix Renormalization Group method as a means of approximately solving large-scale nuclear shell-model problems. We focus on an angular-momentum-conserving variant of the method and report test results for the nucleus $^{48}Cr$. The calculation is able to reproduce both the ground state energy and the energy of the first excited state, by diagonalizing matrices much smaller than those of the full shell model.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; To appears in Phys. Rev. C
Pleurocladula leucantha Konstant., Vilnet et A. V. Troitsky
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Pleurocladula
Pleurocladula leucantha

description: Pleurocladula leucantha (Spruce) Konstant., Vilnet et A.V.Troitsky,
Arctoa 21: 125, 2012 (see Vilnet et al. 2012). BASIONYM: Cephalozia leucantha Spruce, Cephalozia: 68, 1882 (see Spruce 1882).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 72, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Simulating nonequilibrium quantum fields with stochastic quantization techniques
Creators: name: Berges, J.
name: Stamatescu, I. -O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present lattice simulations of nonequilibrium quantum fields in Minkowskian space-time. Starting from a non-thermal initial state, the real-time quantum ensemble in 3+1 dimensions is constructed by a stochastic process in an additional (5th) ``Langevin-time''. For the example of a self-interacting scalar field we show how to resolve apparent unstable Langevin dynamics, and compare our quantum results with those obtained in classical field theory. Such a direct simulation method is crucial for our understanding of collision experiments of heavy nuclei or other nonequilibrium phenomena in strongly coupled quantum many-body systems.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, PRL version, minor changes
The QuaStar Survey: Detecting Hidden Low-Velocity Gas in the Milky Way's Circumgalactic Medium
Creators: name: Bish, Hannah V.
name: Werk, Jessica K.
name: Peek, Joshua
name: Zheng, Yong
name: Putman, Mary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From our position embedded within the Milky Way's interstellar medium (ISM), we have limited ability to detect gas at low relative velocities in the extended Galactic halo because those spectral lines are blended with much stronger signals from dense foreground gas. As a result, the content of the Milky Way's circumgalactic medium (CGM) is poorly constrained at $|v_{\rm LSR}|$ $\lesssim$ 150 km s$^{-1}$. To overcome this complication, the QuaStar Survey applies a spectral differencing technique using paired quasar-star sightlines to measure the obscured content of the Milky Way's CGM for the first time. We present measurements of the CIV doublet ($λλ$ 1548 Å, 1550 Å), a rest-frame UV metal line transition detected in HST/COS spectra of 30 halo-star/quasar pairs evenly distributed across the sky at Galactic latitudes $|b|>30^\circ$. The 30 halo stars have well-constrained distances (d$\approx$5-14 kpc), and are paired with quasars separated by $13.65)=$ 20% [6/30], a value significantly lower than the covering fraction for star-forming galaxies at low redshift. Our results suggest either that the bulk of Milky Way's CIV-traced CGM lies at low Galactic latitudes, or that the Milky Way's CGM is lacking in warm, ionized material compared to low-redshift ($z < 0.1$) star-forming galaxy halos.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted to ApJ
Accurate Leukocyte Detection Based on Deformable-DETR and Multi-Level Feature Fusion for Aiding Diagnosis of Blood Diseases
Creators: name: Chen, Yifei
name: Zhang, Chenyan
name: Chen, Ben
name: Huang, Yiyu
name: Sun, Yifei
name: Wang, Changmiao
name: Fu, Xianjun
name: Dai, Yuxing
name: Qin, Feiwei
name: Peng, Yong
name: Gao, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In standard hospital blood tests, the traditional process requires doctors to manually isolate leukocytes from microscopic images of patients' blood using microscopes. These isolated leukocytes are then categorized via automatic leukocyte classifiers to determine the proportion and volume of different types of leukocytes present in the blood samples, aiding disease diagnosis. This methodology is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but it also has a high propensity for errors due to factors such as image quality and environmental conditions, which could potentially lead to incorrect subsequent classifications and misdiagnosis. To address these issues, this paper proposes an innovative method of leukocyte detection: the Multi-level Feature Fusion and Deformable Self-attention DETR (MFDS-DETR). To tackle the issue of leukocyte scale disparity, we designed the High-level Screening-feature Fusion Pyramid (HS-FPN), enabling multi-level fusion. This model uses high-level features as weights to filter low-level feature information via a channel attention module and then merges the screened information with the high-level features, thus enhancing the model's feature expression capability. Further, we address the issue of leukocyte feature scarcity by incorporating a multi-scale deformable self-attention module in the encoder and using the self-attention and cross-deformable attention mechanisms in the decoder, which aids in the extraction of the global features of the leukocyte feature maps. The effectiveness, superiority, and generalizability of the proposed MFDS-DETR method are confirmed through comparisons with other cutting-edge leukocyte detection models using the private WBCDD, public LISC and BCCD datasets. Our source code and private WBCCD dataset are available at https://github.com/JustlfC03/MFDS-DETR.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accept Computers in Biology and Medicine 2024
Barren plateaus preclude learning scramblers
Creators: name: Holmes, Zoë
name: Arrasmith, Andrew
name: Yan, Bin
name: Coles, Patrick J.
name: Albrecht, Andreas
name: Sornborger, Andrew T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scrambling processes, which rapidly spread entanglement through many-body quantum systems, are difficult to investigate using standard techniques, but are relevant to quantum chaos and thermalization. In this Letter, we ask if quantum machine learning (QML) could be used to investigate such processes. We prove a no-go theorem for learning an unknown scrambling process with QML, showing that any variational ansatz is highly probable to have a barren plateau landscape, i.e., cost gradients that vanish exponentially in the system size. This implies that the required resources scale exponentially even when strategies to avoid such scaling (e.g., from ansatz-based barren plateaus or No-Free-Lunch theorems) are employed. Furthermore, we numerically and analytically extend our results to approximate scramblers. Hence, our work places generic limits on the learnability of unitaries when lacking prior information.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures in the main text. 6 pages, 1 figure in the supplementary information. Comments welcome
ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ ГУМАНИСТИЧЕСКОМ МОДЕЛИ ПОДГОТОВКИ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ РАБОТНИКОВ
Creators: name: ШКИНДЕР НАТАЛЬЯ ЛЕОНИДОВНА
name: КАРИМОВА АЛИСА АЛЕКСЕЕВНА
Publisher: name: Медицинское образование и профессиональное развитие
Year: 2020
Subjects: ОБУЧЕНИЕ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ И СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ РАБОТНИКОВ
ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ
ГУМАНИСТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕЛЬ
MEDICAL AND SOCIAL WORKERS TRAINING
EDUCATIONAL APPROACHES
HUMANISTIC MODEL

description: В статье представлены разработанные авторами методические подходы к интегрированному обучению специалистов с высшим медицинским и социальным образованием с учетом вектора гуманизации образования. Проведена апробация образовательной модели, включающей технологии профилизации дисциплин социально-гуманитарного профиля и гуманизации профильных дисциплин подготовки медицинских и социальных работников. Доказана эффективность образовательного подхода при сравнительном анализе результатов освоения модуля интегрирующего характера с использованием симуляционных технологий и выполнения исследовательских работ в мультипрофильных проектных командах специалистов.