cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Frustrated Modernity: Kerewo Histories and Historical Consciousness, Gulf Province, Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Di Rosa, Dario
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Kerewo
subject: Goaribari
subject: Historical Consciousness
subject: Melanesia
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ethnography
subject: Christianity
subject: Colonialism
subject: Modernity

description: This thesis takes Kerewo historical consciousness as the frame for an analysis of the ways in which reflections on the past are fundamentally informed by orientations towards the future. In particular, I draw on various representations of the historical event of the killing of missionary James Chalmers in 1901, and its consequences, to explore local conceptions of modernity as a moral state withheld from Kerewo in the absence of a reconciliation with their past. This particular historical episode occupies a central place in contemporary Kerewo understandings of their perceived marginality within the post-Independence state of Papua New Guinea, and more widely in the world system. This marginality is manifest in Kerewo daily experience as a lack of services and infrastructure, despite the presence in the area of a multi-billion dollar resource extraction enterprise. The roots of this perceived lack of ‘modernity’ are sought in the colonial past, and articulated in moral terms through historical narratives. The colonial era emerges from these narratives as the period in which Kerewo were exposed to modernity in its ideological and material forms. Yet, the promises and expectation of an amelioration of life conditions engendered by several colonial discourses never materialised, leaving contemporary Kerewo people with a sense of frustrated modernity. It is the conflation of the colonial era with the idea of modernity that informs Kerewo historical consciousness, and thus it is by ritually addressing the colonial past that Kerewo people seek to transform the ‘frustrated modernity’ of the present into a better future. What emerges from the analysis of the historical and ethnographic material that constitutes the core of this dissertation is that historical consciousness consists fundamentally of a social process – which emerges from the social labour of history- making – to apprehend present conditions through reflection on the past informed by competing orientations toward the future.
The One-Plaquette Model Limit of NC Gauge Theory in 2D
Creators: name: Ydri, Badis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is found that noncommutative U(1) gauge field on the fuzzy sphere S^2_N is equivalent in the quantum theory to a commutative 2-dimensional U(N) gauge field on a lattice with two plaquettes in the axial gauge A_1=0. This quantum equivalence holds in the fuzzy sphere-weak coupling phase in the limit of infinite mass of the scalar normal component of the gauge field. The doubling of plaquettes is a natural consequence of the model and it is reminiscent of the usual doubling of points in Connes standard model. In the continuum large N limit the plaquette variable W approaches the identity 1_{2N} and as a consequence the model reduces to a simple matrix model which can be easily solved. We compute the one-plaquette critical point and show that it agrees with the observed value \barα_*=3.35. We compute the quantum effective potential and the specific heat for U(1) gauge field on the fuzzy sphere S^2_{N} in the 1/N expansion using this one-plaquette model. In particular the specific heat per one degree of freedom was found to be equal to 1 in the fuzzy sphere-weak coupling phase of the gauge field which agrees with the observed value 1 seen in Monte Carlo simulation. This value of 1 comes precisely because we have 2 plaquettes approximating the NC U(1) gauge field on the fuzzy sphere.
description: 46 pages,4 figures,typos corrected,references added
Additional file 1 of Multiple imputation using auxiliary imputation variables that only predict missingness can increase bias due to data missing not at random
Creators: name: Curnow, Elinor
name: Cornish, Rosie P.
name: Heron, Jon E.
name: Carpenter, James R.
name: Tilling, Kate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary Material 1
A theoretical scenario for Galactic RR Lyrae in the Gaia database: constraints on the parallax offset
Creators: name: Marconi, Marcella
name: Molinaro, Roberto
name: Ripepi, Vincenzo
name: Leccia, Silvio
name: Musella, Ilaria
name: De Somma, Giulia
name: Gatto, Massimiliano
name: Moretti, Maria Ida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of an extended set of nonlinear convective RR Lyrae pulsation models we derive the first theoretical light curves in the Gaia bands and the corresponding intensity-weighted mean magnitudes and pulsation amplitudes. The effects of chemical com-position on the derived Bailey diagrams in the Gaia filters are discussed for both Fundamental and First Overtone mode pulsators. The inferred mean magnitudes and colors are used to derive the first theoretical Period-Wesenheit relations for RR Lyrae in the Gaia filters. The application of the theoretical Period-Wesenheit relations for both the Fundamental and FirstOvertone mode to Galactic RR Lyrae in the Gaia Data Release 2 database and complementary information on individual metal abundances, allows us to derive theoretical estimates of their individual parallaxes. These results are compared with the astrometric solutions to conclude that a very small offset, consistent with zero, is required in order to reconcile the predicted distances with Gaia results.
description: Accepted for publication on MNRAS
Leaf respiration in tropical and temperate rainforest tree species : responses to environmental gradients
Creators: name: Kohontissa Wasala, Lasantha Kumara Weerasinghe
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013

description: Among forest biomes, tropical and temperate rainforests often show high rates of net primary production (NPP), with rainforests playing a major role in controlling current and future atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, and the total amount of carbon stored in vegetation globally. Quantifying rates of leaf respiration (R) of rainforest species and how changes in environment (e.g. light, short- and long-term changes in temperature (T), gradients in nutrient availability) affect R in rainforest species, is crucial in determining how much carbon dioxide is released now and will be released in the future. In this thesis, I sought to explore the effect of a range of environmental gradients on leaf R rates of rainforest tree species, both under controlled and field conditions. Leaf R in darkness (RD) and in the light (RL) exhibited marked differences between upper and lower canopy position in a tropical rainforest. When measured at prevailing growth T at each site, no systematic differences in RD or RL were evident across thermally contrasting rainforest sites in Australia, or across an elevation gradient from Amazon to Andean sites in Peru. When averaged across all forest sites, 30% light inhibition of leaf R was found. Over the 25-45 degrees Celsius range, the T sensitivity of RD was similar in upper and lower canopy leaves; although the Q10 (i.e. proportional change in leaf RD per 10 degrees Celsius rise in temperature) exhibited a decreasing trend with increasing measuring T, there were no marked differences among the thermally contrasting rainforest sites in the measuring T response. Strong evidence was found that tropical and temperate rainforest plants are equally capable of acclimating leaf RD to different growth Ts, including growth Ts higher than that were normally experiencing in their current habitats. The results suggest that rainforest species may be capable of acclimating leaf respiratory metabolism to increases in growth T associated with future global warming; with the result that warming will not necessarily lead to exponentially higher rates of respiratory carbon dioxide release from temperate and tropical rainforest ecosystems. The field studies in Peru highlighted the fact that variations in soil P availability have no systematic impact on leaf RD of tropical lowland forests; this finding was supported by controlled environment study showing that deficiencies in leaf phosphate did not result in lower rates of leaf RD. Collectively, these findings have implications for vegetation-climate models that seek to predict carbon fluxes between rainforests and the atmosphere.
On the radial abundance gradients of nitrogen and oxygen in the inner Galactic disc
Creators: name: Arellano-Córdova, Karla. Z.
name: Esteban, César
name: García-Rojas, Jorge
name: Méndez-Delgado, J. Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical spectra of nine Galactic H II regions observed with the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias telescope and located at Galactocentric distances (RG) from 4 to 8 kpc. The distances of the objects have been revised using Gaia DR2 parallaxes. We determine the electron temperature for all the nebulae, which allows a precise computation of their ionic abundances. We have included published data of an additional sample of Galactic H II regions, providing a final data set of 42 objects. The shape of the radial gradients of O/H and N/H is linear and constant, discarding any substantial change of the slope, at least for RG between 4 and 17 kpc. The small dispersion of the O/H and N/H values with respect to the computed gradients implies the absence of significant azimuthal variations of the chemical abundances, at least in the quadrant covered by our observations. We find an almost flat N/O versus O/H diagram relation. This result is not observed in other nearby spiral galaxy except M31. Finally, we compare our computed gradients with those obtained using far infrared (FIR) spectra. We confirm the significant offset in the N/O distribution between the optical and FIR observations. Possible explanations involve ionization correction factors and the strong dependence on density of the abundance determinations based on FIR lines.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Fixed-domain asymptotics for a subclass of Matérn-type Gaussian random fields
Creators: name: Loh, Wei-Liem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62D05 (Primary) 62E20, 62G15 (Secondary)

description: Stein [Statist. Sci. 4 (1989) 432--433] proposed the Matérn-type Gaussian random fields as a very flexible class of models for computer experiments. This article considers a subclass of these models that are exactly once mean square differentiable. In particular, the likelihood function is determined in closed form, and under mild conditions the sieve maximum likelihood estimators for the parameters of the covariance function are shown to be weakly consistent with respect to fixed-domain asymptotics.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053605000000516 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Causal cosmology with braneworld gravity including Gauss Bonnet coupling
Creators: name: Debnath, Partha Sarathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Causal cosmological evolutions in Randall Sundrum type II (RS) braneworld gravity with Gauss Bonnet coupling and dissipative effects are discussed here. Causal theory of dissipative effects are illustrated by Full Israel Stewart theory are implemented. We consider the numerical solutions of evolutions and analytic solutions as a special case for extremely non-linear field equation in Randall Sundrum type II braneworld gravity with Gauss Bonnet coupling. Cosmological models admitting Power law expansion, Exponential expansion and evolution in the vicinity of the stationary solution of the universe are investigated for Full Israel Stewart theory. Stability of equilibrium or fixed points related to the dynamics of evolution in Full Israel Stewart theory in Randall Sundrum type II braneworld gravity together with Gauss Bonnet coupling are disclosed here.
description: 8 figures
Macroscopic quantum tunneling in "small" Josephson junctions in magnetic field
Creators: name: Ovchinnikov, Yu. N.
name: Barone, A.
name: Varlamov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenon of macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) in small Josephson junctions (JJ) with an externally applied magnetic field. The latter results in the appearance of the Fraunhofer type modulation of the current density along the barrier. The problem of MQT for a point-like JJ is reduced to the motion of the quantum particle in the washboard potential. In the case of a finite size JJ under consideration, this problem corresponds to a MQT in potential which itself, besides the phase, depends on space variables. Finally, the general expression for the crossover temperature T_0 between thermally activated and macroscopic quantum tunneling regimes and the escaping time tau_esc have been calculated.
An adaptive Ritz formulation for progressive damage modelling in variable angle tow composite plates
Creators: name: Campagna, Dario
name: Oliveri, Vincenzo
name: Benedetti, Ivano
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: In this work, an adaptive Ritz model for the analysis of variable angle tow composite plates featuring damage initiation and evolution under progressive loading is proposed, developed, implemented and tested. The plate kinematics is represented employing a first-order shear deformation theory, while the plate equilibrium equations at a given load step are obtained by minimizing the structure potential energy. The constitutive behaviour is modelled within the framework of continuum damage mechanics. In particular the initiation and evolution of damage, up to failure, are tracked by defining irreversible damage indices related to both fibres and matrix, both in tensile or compression loading. The discrete equations are then obtained by assuming a polynomial Ritz approximation of the primary kinematic variables in the energy minimization. Preliminary tests show how the application of the method as a single-domain approach induces the emergence of problematic spurious effects, related to Gibbs artefacts due to the inability of the selected polynomial basis to represent damage localization. An adaptive multi-domain technique is thus proposed to circumvent such issues, which has been successfully validated by benchmark tests. Eventually, original results about variable angle tow plates featuring damage evolution under progressive loading are presented.
The Dynamic Figure Art of Jabiluka: A study of ritual in early Australian rock art
Creators: name: Johnston, Iain Gray
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Rock art
ritual
Dynamic Figures
scenes
Arnhem Land
northern Australia
material culture
ceremony

description: This thesis is an investigation of ritual practice in the Dynamic Figure rock art of Jabiluka in Mirarr Country, Australia. Painted across western Arnhem Land, Dynamic Figure art constitutes the earliest easily recognisable body of rock art in this region of northern Australia. Despite its antiquity, its most striking attributes are the extremely detailed depictions of human figures with a plethora of material culture, that are engaged in a range of narrative scenes. This thesis explores how the material culture, scenes and other attributes of Dynamic Figure art are acutely associated with ritual and the insights this rock art provides into past ritual behaviour. The highly detailed work of Dynamic Figure artists has enabled the identification of ritual indicators derived from archaeological and anthropological investigation of ritual practice. These ritual indicators provide insights into aspects of the esoteric and actual performative forms of ritual behaviour. These detailed depictions also provide further insights into people’s lifeways, revealing evidence about society, gender, initiation and material culture during the period of Dynamic Figure art production. In this thesis, I demonstrate the value of rigorous analysis and investigation of one type of rock art from a defined study area, in contrast to previous studies in the region with broad spatial and temporal boundaries. This focused approach incorporates the multi-vocal sources available in northern Australia to consider inquiries not possible of broader studies. The Dynamic Figure art of Jabiluka demonstrates the significance of ritual places, headdresses and aspects of both continuity and discontinuity in art production in northern Australia and further highlights the significance of rock art to understand ritual practice and people’s past lifeways.
The many streams of the Magellanic Stream
Creators: name: Stanimirovic, Snezana
name: Hoffman, Samantha
name: Heiles, Carl
name: Douglas, Kevin A.
name: Putman, Mary
name: Peek, Joshua E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from neutral hydrogen (HI) observations of the tip of the Magellanic Stream (MS), obtained with the Arecibo telescope as a part of the on-going survey by the Consortium for Galactic studies with the Arecibo L-band Feed Array. We find four large-scale, coherent HI streams, extending continously over a length of 20 degrees, each stream possessing different morphology and velocity gradients. The newly discovered streams provide strong support for the tidal model of the MS formation by Connors et al. (2006), which suggested a spatial and kinematic bifurcation of the MS. The observed morphology and kinematics suggest that three of these streams could be interpreted as a 3-way splitting of the main MS filament, while the fourth stream appears much younger and may have originated from the Magellanic Bridge. We find an extensive population of HI clouds at the tip of the MS. Two thirds of clouds have an angular size in the range 3.5'--10'. We interpret this as being due to thermal instability, which would affect a warm tail of gas trailing through the Galactic halo over a characteristic timescale of a few Myrs to a few hundred Myrs. We show that thermal fragments can survive in the hot halo for a long time, especially if surrounded by a <10^6 K halo gas. If the observed clumpy structure is mainly due to thermal instability, then the tip of the MS is at a distance of ~70 kpc. A significant fraction of HI clouds at the tip of the MS show multi-phase velocity profiles, indicating the co-existence of cooler and warmer gas.
description: Accepted by ApJ
The radiative return method - a short theory review
Creators: name: Czyz, Henryk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short review of the status of the theoretical developments concerning the radiative return method is presented. The emphasis is on the construction of the PHOKHARA Monte Carlo event generator and its tests. It is advocated that the radiative return method provides not only with the hadronic cross section extraction competitive with and complementary to the scan method, but also that it is a powerful tool in detailed studies of the hadron interactions.
description: Talk presented at The International Workshop "e+e- collisions from phi to psi", Novosibirsk, 27 Feb. - 2 March 2006
Additional file 1 of Bitter peptide prediction using graph neural networks
Creators: name: Srivastava, Prashant
name: Steuer, Alexandra
name: Ferri, Francesco
name: Nicoli, Alessandro
name: Schultz, Kristian
name: Bej, Saptarshi
name: Di Pizio, Antonella
name: Wolkenhauer, Olaf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary file 1.
Production experiment, subject 15
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 50-year-old female. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
La salmonicultura chilena y la presencia de China
Creators: name: Rehner, Johannes
name: Lorie, Antonia
name: Muñoz, Florencia
Publisher: name: ICLAC
Year: 2023

description: China ha promovido la expansión del uso de recursos marinos como fuente de proteína para lograr su seguridad alimentaria, pero debido a sus limitantes ambientales necesita desarrollar esta expansión parcialmente fuera de su propio territorio. Por otro lado, Chile ha registrado un crecimiento marcado de su salmonicultura, que ha llevado a la predominancia de empresas más grandes, y en 2019 a la primera gran inversión china en la producción de salmones en Chile. El presente case report muestra el contexto y las características del rubro y de esta transacción (Joyvio – Australis) para discutir los efectos de la salmonicultura.Posteriormente resume impactos ambientales y como estos se relacionan con importantes riesgos financieros y el conflicto actual entre la empresa inversionista con los antiguos dueños de la empresa adquirida. Se concluye con algunas reflexiones sobre aproximaciones técnicas y marcos conceptuales para discutir el papel de la innovación en este rubro y las posibilidades de solución.
On the origin of solar wind. Alfven waves induced jump of coronal temperature
Creators: name: Mishonov, T. M.
name: Stoev, M. V.
name: Maneva, Y. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absorbtion of Alfven waves is considered to be the main mechanism of heating in the solar corona. It is concluded that the sharp increase of the plasma temperature by two orders of magnitude is related to a self-induced opacity with respect to Alfven waves. The maximal frequency for propagation of Alfven waves is determined by the strongly temperature dependent kinematic viscosity. In such a way the temperature jump is due to absorption of high frequency Alfven waves in a narrow layer above the solar surface. It is calculated that the power per unit area dissipated in this layer due to damping of Alfven waves blows up the plasma and gives birth to the solar wind. A model short wave-length (WKB) evaluation takes into account the 1/f^2 frequency dependance of the transversal magnetic field and velocity spectral densities. Such spectral densities agree with old magnetometric data taken by Voyager 1 and recent theoretical calculations in the framework of Langevin-Burgers MHD. The present theory predicts existence of intensive high frequency MHD Alfven waves in the cold layer beneath the corona. It is briefly discussed how this statement can be checked experimentally. It is demonstrated that the magnitude of the Alfven waves generating random noise and the solar wind velocity can be expressed only in terms of satellite experimental data. It is advocated that investigation of properties of the solar surface as a random driver by optical methods is an important task for future solar physics. Jets of accretion disks are speculated as a special case of the wind from magnetized turbulent plasma.
description: 4 pages, no figures, minor corrections, final version for EPJD
Essays on implications of structural parameter identification and trend misspecification in DSGE and SVAR frameworks
Creators: name: Wiriyawit, Varang
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Equilibrium (Economics) Mathematical models
subject: Econometric models
subject: Economic policy
subject: Welfare economics

description: This thesis consists of three self-contained essays, focusing on the consequences of structural parameter identification and trend misspecifications in DSGE and SVAR frameworks on policy implications. The purpose is to improve our understanding of estimation issues, and to recommend appropriate estimation approaches that econometricians should take to minimise distortion in policy inference. As welfare estimates are sensitive to calibrated and estimated parameter values, significant biases in structural parameter estimates may lead to biases in welfare estimates and subsequently affect policy conclusions. The first essay (Chapter 2) investigates the relationship between the bias in welfare cost of business cycles and fiscal policy estimates and the biases in structural parameter estimates due to identification problems. Assuming a simple RBC as the description of business cycles, we find the bias varies nonlinearly over the parameter space. Specifically, bias in welfare estimation is increased if we assume too high a depreciation rate of capital or too low a capital share relative to true values. We can therefore exploit this additional information by imposing priors on these two parameters to improve the estimation of welfare cost. The second essay (Chapter 3) focuses on trend misspecifications in DSGE models. The misspecification of the trend component can distort structural parameter estimates and translate into a bias in policy-relevant statistic estimates (e.g. impulse response functions, variance decompositions and estimates of policy rules, or, policy tradeoffs). This essay investigates how important this bias is to estimated policy implications within a DSGE framework. The quantitative results suggest that distortion in parameter estimates due to trend misspecification can result in significant inaccuracies in estimating statistics of interest, and it is therefore crucial to policy analysis. Particularly, a misspecified model with a deterministic-trend specification is estimated when the true process is a random walk with drift. The last essay (Chapter 4) studies the consequences of incorrect trend assumption for estimated SVARs. In particular, assumptions about a trend process determine a shock identification strategy within a SVAR. We conduct Monte Carlo simulations using a prototypical Real Business Cycle model as a Data Generating Process. Then, we quantify different sources of biases in the estimated SVAR impulse responses arising from incorrect trend assumptions. We find that, while the main source of error is a trend bias for an incorrectly-detrended variable, spillover to estimated impulse responses of a correctly-detrended variable in a system can be mainly an identification bias.
La salmonicultura chilena y la presencia de China
Creators: name: Rehner, Johannes
name: Lorie, Antonia
name: Muñoz, Florencia
Publisher: name: ICLAC
Year: 2024

description: China ha promovido la expansión del uso de recursos marinos como fuente de proteína para lograr su seguridad alimentaria, pero debido a sus limitantes ambientales necesita desarrollar esta expansión parcialmente fuera de su propio territorio. Por otro lado, Chile ha registrado un crecimiento marcado de su salmonicultura, que ha llevado a la predominancia de empresas más grandes, y en 2019 a la primera gran inversión china en la producción de salmones en Chile. El presente case report muestra el contexto y las características del rubro y de esta transacción (Joyvio – Australis) para discutir los efectos de la salmonicultura.Posteriormente resume impactos ambientales y como estos se relacionan con importantes riesgos financieros y el conflicto actual entre la empresa inversionista con los antiguos dueños de la empresa adquirida. Se concluye con algunas reflexiones sobre aproximaciones técnicas y marcos conceptuales para discutir el papel de la innovación en este rubro y las posibilidades de solución.
Adaptive smoothing lengths in SPH
Creators: name: Attwood, R. E.
name: Goodwin, S. P.
name: Whitworth, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: There is a need to improve the fidelity of SPH simulations of self-gravitating gas dynamics. Aims: We remind users of SPH that, if smoothing lengths are adjusted so as to keep the number of neighbours, ${\cal N}$, in the range ${\cal N}_{_{\rm NEIB}}\pmΔ{\cal N}_{_{\rm NEIB}}$, the tolerance, $Δ{\cal N}_{_{\rm NEIB}}$, should be set to zero, as first noted by Nelson & Papaloizou. We point out that this is a very straightforward and computationally inexpensive constraint to implement. Methods: We demonstrate this by simulating acoustic oscillations of a self-gravitating isentropic monatomic gas-sphere (cf. Lucy), using ${\cal N}_{_{\rm TOT}}\sim6,000$ particles and ${\cal N}_{_{\rm NEIB}}=50$. Results: We show that there is a marked reduction in the rates of numerical dissipation and diffusion as $Δ{\cal N}_{_{\rm NEIB}}$ is reduced from 10 to zero. Moreover this reduction incurs a very small computational overhead. Conclusions: We propose that this should become a standard test for codes used in simulating star formation. It is a highly relevant test, because pressure waves generated by the switch from approximate isothermality to approximate adiabaticity play a critical role in the fragmentation of collapsing prestellar cores. Since many SPH simulations in the literature use ${\cal N}_{_{\rm NEIB}}=50$ and $Δ{\cal N}_{_{\rm NEIB}}\geq10$, their results must be viewed with caution.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Calculation of permanent magnet arrangements for stellarators: A linear least-squares method
Creators: name: Landreman, Matt
name: Zhu, Caoxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A problem arising in several engineering areas is to design magnets outside a volume that produce a desired magnetic field inside it. One instance of this problem is stellarator design, where it has recently been shown that permanent magnets can provide the required shaping of the magnetic field. Here we demonstrate a robust and efficient algorithm REGCOIL_PM to calculate the spatial distribution of these permanent magnets. The procedure involves a small number of fixed-point iterations, with a linear least-squares problem solved at each step. The method exploits the Biot-Savart Law's exact linearity in magnetization density and approximate linearity in magnet size, for magnets far from the target region. No constraint is placed on the direction of magnetization, so Halbach solutions are found naturally, and the magnitude of the magnetization can be made uniformly equal to a target value.
Additional file 1 of The attrition, physical and insecticidal durability of two dual active ingredient nets (Interceptor® G2 and Royal Guard®) in Benin, West Africa: results from a durability study embedded in a cluster randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Ngufor, Corine
name: Fagbohoun, Josias
name: Fongnikin, Augustin
name: Ahoga, Juniace
name: Syme, Thomas
name: Ahogni, Idelphonse
name: Accrombessi, Manfred
name: Protopopoff, Natacha
name: Cook, Jackie
name: Dangbenon, Edouard
name: Sovi, Arthur
name: Baes, Marie
name: Pigeon, Olivier
name: Todjinou, Damien
name: Govoetchan, Renaud
name: Padonou, Germain Gil
name: Akogbeto, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1.
Additional file 1 of Exploiting phenotypic heterogeneity to improve production of glutathione by yeast
Creators: name: Xu, Mingzhi
name: Vallières, Cindy
name: Finnis, Chris
name: Winzer, Klaus
name: Avery, Simon V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Shear-Driven Transition to Isotropically Turbulent Solar Wind Outside the Alfven Critical Zone
Creators: name: Ruffolo, D.
name: Matthaeus, W. H.
name: Chhiber, R.
name: Usmanov, A. V.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Bandyopadhyay, R.
name: Parashar, T. N.
name: Goldstein, M. L.
name: DeForest, C. E.
name: Wan, M.
name: Chasapis, A.
name: Maruca, B. A.
name: Velli, M.
name: Kasper, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by prior remote observations of a transition from striated solar coronal structures to more isotropic ``flocculated'' fluctuations, we propose that the dynamics of the inner solar wind just outside the Alfvén critical zone, and in the vicinity of the first $β=1$ surface, is powered by the relative velocities of adjacent coronal magnetic flux tubes. We suggest that large amplitude flow contrasts are magnetically constrained at lower altitude but shear-driven dynamics are triggered as such constraints are released above the Alfvén critical zone, as suggested by global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations that include self-consistent turbulence transport. We argue that this dynamical evolution accounts for features observed by {\it Parker Solar Probe} ({\it PSP}) near initial perihelia, including magnetic ``switchbacks'', and large transverse velocities that are partially corotational and saturate near the local Alfvén speed. Large-scale magnetic increments are more longitudinal than latitudinal, a state unlikely to originate in or below the lower corona. We attribute this to preferentially longitudinal velocity shear from varying degrees of corotation. Supporting evidence includes comparison with a high Mach number three-dimensional compressible MHD simulation of nonlinear shear-driven turbulence, reproducing several observed diagnostics, including characteristic distributions of fluctuations that are qualitatively similar to {\it PSP} observations near the first perihelion. The concurrence of evidence from remote sensing observations, {\it in situ} measurements, and both global and local simulations supports the idea that the dynamics just above the Alfvén critical zone boost low-frequency plasma turbulence to the level routinely observed throughout the explored solar system.
Social Undermining as a Dark Side of Symbolic Awards
Creators: name: Lu, Runjing
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Organizational Behavior and Theory
subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This project studies (1) the impact of symbolic awards on post-award performance of award winners, award losers and their peers and (2) examines the mechanisms mediating the impact. Research questions are: RQ1: In the absence of external help or sabotage, do symbolic awards for high performance affect award winners’ post-award performance relative to losers? RQ2: When award participants and their peers compete for future rewards, do symbolic awards for high performance affect the tendency of award participants’ peers to sabotage award winners relative to their tendency to sabotage losers after the award designation? Under the same condition, do symbolic awards for high performance affect award winners’ post-award performance relative to losers? RQ3: When award participants and their peers compete for future rewards, do symbolic awards for high performance affect the tendency of award participants’ peers to help award winners relative to their tendency to help losers after the award designation? Under the same condition, do symbolic awards for high performance affect award winners’ post-award performance relative to losers?
A Theoretical Study of the Electrochemical Gate Effect in a STM-based biomolecular transistor
Creators: name: Corni, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ElectroChemical Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (ECSTM) is gaining popularity as a tool to implement proof-of-concept single (bio)molecular transistors. The understanding of such systems requires a discussion of the mechanism of the electrochemical current gating, which is intimately related to the electrostatic potential distribution in the tip-substrate gap where the redox active adsorbate is placed. In this article, we derive a relation that connects the local standard potential of the redox molecule in the tunneling junction with the applied electrode potentials, and we compare it with previously proposed relations. In particular, we show that a linear dependence of the local standard potential on the applied bias does not necessarily imply a monotonous potential drop between the electrodes. In addition, we calculate the electrostatic potential distribution and the parameters entering the derived relation for ECSTM on a redox metalloprotein (Azurin from P. Aeruginosa), for which experimental results exist. Finally, we give an estimate of the gating efficiency when the ECSTM setup including Azurin is interpreted as a single biomolecular wet transistor, confirming the effectiveness of the electrochemical gating for this system.
Additional file 1 of The impact of resilience on academic performance with a focus on mature learners
Creators: name: Steel, Alexandra
name: Karunaratne, Nilushi
name: Exintaris, Betty
name: James, Simon
name: Al-Juhaishi, Abdullah
name: Don, Angelo
name: Dai, David Wei
name: Lim, Angelina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
A study of background radiation distributions for the SLAC B factory drift chamber
Creators: name: Goodenough, C. R. Cherie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The distribution of lost-particle and bremsstrahlung background radiation in the BABAR Drift Chamber at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) has been modeled. Simulations show that occupancies are well within manageable levels (peaked at 0.55% in the inner layers) at nominal rates and that radical changes in the endplate design are unnecessary. Chamber aging is also shown to occur at an acceptable level, with no significant damage to the chamber wires within the first five years.
Additional file 3 of The impact of resilience on academic performance with a focus on mature learners
Creators: name: Steel, Alexandra
name: Karunaratne, Nilushi
name: Exintaris, Betty
name: James, Simon
name: Al-Juhaishi, Abdullah
name: Don, Angelo
name: Dai, David Wei
name: Lim, Angelina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3.
Anderson Localization of Polar Eigenmodes in Random Planar Composites
Creators: name: markel, Vadim A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anderson localization of classical waves in disordered media is a fundamental physical phenomenon that has attracted attention in the past three decades. More recently, localization of polar excitations in nanostructured metal-dielectric films (also known as random planar composite) has been subject of intense studies. Potential applications of planar composites include local near-field microscopy and spectroscopy. A number of previous studies have relied on the quasistatic approximation and a direct analogy with localization of electrons in disordered solids. Here I consider the localization problem without the quasistatic approximation. I show that localization of polar excitations is characterized by algebraic rather than by exponential spatial confinement. This result is also valid in two and three dimensions. I also show that the previously used localization criterion based on the gyration radius of eigenmodes is inconsistent with both exponential and algebraic localization. An alternative criterion based on the dipole participation number is proposed. Numerical demonstration of a localization-delocalization transition is given. Finally, it is shown that, contrary to the previous belief, localized modes can be effectively coupled to running waves.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures. Paper was revised and a more precise definition of the participation number given, data for figures recalculated accordingly. Accepted to J. Phys.: Cond. Matt
Accelerated computational micromechanics
Creators: name: Zhou, Hao
name: Bhattacharya, Kaushik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an approach to solving problems in micromechanics that is amenable to massively parallel calculations through the use of graphical processing units and other accelerators. The problems lead to nonlinear differential equations that are typically second order in space and first order in time. This combination of nonlinearity and nonlocality makes such problems difficult to solve in parallel. However, this combination is a result of collapsing nonlocal, but linear and universal physical laws (kinematic compatibility, balance laws), and nonlinear but local constitutive relations. We propose an operator-splitting scheme inspired by this structure. The governing equations are formulated as (incremental) variational problems, the differential constraints like compatibility are introduced using an augmented Lagrangian, and the resulting incremental variational principle is solved by the alternating direction method of multipliers. The resulting algorithm has a natural connection to physical principles, and also enables massively parallel implementation on structured grids. We present this method and use it to study two examples. The first concerns the long wavelength instability of finite elasticity, and allows us to verify the approach against previous numerical simulations. We also use this example to study convergence and parallel performance. The second example concerns microstructure evolution in liquid crystal elastomers and provides new insights into some counter-intuitive properties of these materials. We use this example to validate the model and the approach against experimental observations.
description: 36 pages, 15 figures, Journal article, submitted to computational methods in applied mechanics and engineering
Optimal purification of thermal graph states
Creators: name: Kay, Alastair
name: Pachos, Jiannis K.
name: Dür, Wolfgang
name: Briegel, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a purification protocol is presented and its performance is proven to be optimal when applied to a particular subset of graph states that are subject to local Z-noise. Such mixed states can be produced by bringing a system into thermal equilibrium, when it is described by a Hamiltonian which has a particular graph state as its unique ground state. From this protocol, we derive the exact value of the critical temperature above which purification is impossible, as well as the related optimal purification rates. A possible simulation of graph Hamiltonians is proposed, which requires only bipartite interactions and local magnetic fields, enabling the tuning of the system temperature.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures v2: published version
Additional file 4 of The impact of resilience on academic performance with a focus on mature learners
Creators: name: Steel, Alexandra
name: Karunaratne, Nilushi
name: Exintaris, Betty
name: James, Simon
name: Al-Juhaishi, Abdullah
name: Don, Angelo
name: Dai, David Wei
name: Lim, Angelina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 4.
Equilibrium spin currents: Non-Abelian gauge invariance and color diamagnetism in condensed matter
Creators: name: Tokatly, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-orbit (SO) interaction in condensed matter can be described in terms of a non-Abelian potential known in high-energy physics as a color field. I show that a magnetic component of this color field inevitably generates diamagnetic color currents which are just the equilibrium spin currents discussed in a condensed matter context. These dissipationless spin currents thus represent a universal property of systems with SO interaction. In semiconductors with linear SO coupling the spin currents are related to the effective non-Abelian field via Yang-Mills magnetostatics equation.
description: RevTeX, 4 pages
Equilibrium of an Arbitrary Bunch Train in the Presence of Multiple Resonator Wake Fields
Creators: name: Warnock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A higher harmonic cavity (HHC), used to cause bunch lengthening for an increase in the Touschek lifetime, is a feature of several fourth generation synchrotron light sources. The desired bunch lengthening is complicated by the presence of required gaps in the bunch train. In a recent paper the author and Venturini studied the effect of various fill patterns by calculating the charge densities in the equilibrium state, through coupled Haïssinski equations. We assumed that the only collective force was from the beam loading (wake field) of the harmonic cavity in its lowest mode. The present paper improves the notation and organization of the equations so as to allow an easy inclusion of multiple resonator wake fields. This allows one to study the effects of beam loading of the main accelerating cavity, higher order modes of the cavities, and short range geometric wakes represented by low-$Q$ resonators. As an example these effects are explored for ALS-U. The compensation of the induced voltage in the main cavity, achieved in practice by a feedback system, is modeled by adjustment of the generator voltage through a new iterative scheme. Except in the case of a complete fill, the compensated main cavity beam loading has a substantial effect on the bunch profiles and the Touschek lifetimes. A $Q=6$ resonator, approximating the effect of a realistic short range wake, is also consequential for the bunch forms.
Additional file 1 of The effectiveness of simulation-based learning (SBL) on students’ knowledge and skills in nursing programs: a systematic review
Creators: name: Alharbi, Ali
name: Nurfianti, Arina
name: Mullen, Rosemary F.
name: McClure, John D.
name: Miller, William H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1: Results of critical appraisal risk of bias for Randomised Controlled Trials studies.