cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation and process simulation of the compression molding process of Sheet Molding Compound (SMC) with local reinforcements
Creators: name: Hohberg, Martin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: Sheet Molding Compound
SMC
process characterization
process simulation
CAE-chain

description: Die ganzheitliche virtuelle Auslegung von Faserverbundbauteilen aus Sheet Molding Compund (SMC) ermöglicht es durch die Berücksichtigung von Fertigungseffekten in der Struktursimulation, bedarfsgerechtere und somit leichtere und günstigere Bauteile zu fertigen. Hierfür muss jedoch die Prozesssimulation in der Lage sein, die SMC-spezifischen Blockströmung auf Grund der niedrig-viskosen Randschicht richtig zu beschreiben. Nur so kann das richtige Füllverhalten und somit auch die richtige Faserorientierungsverteilung vorhergesagt werden. Dies wird gerade im Kontext des zunehmenden Einsatzes von semi-strukturellen SMC-Formulierungen besonders wichtig. Darüber hinaus gibt es neue Konzepte der Hybridisierung von SMC mit lokalen unidirektionalen Verstärkungen, welche ebenfalls in der Prozesssimulation berücksichtigt werden müssen, um die Positionierung der Verstärkungen abzusichern. 
Aus diesem Grund wurde in dieser Arbeit ein neuer dreidimensionaler Ansatz für die Prozesssimulation von SMC entwickelt, der sowohl die durch Dehnviskosität dominierte Kernschicht, als auch die niedrig-viskose Randschicht berücksichtigt. Durch die Verwendung des gekoppelten Euler-Lagrange-Ansatzes, kann auch die Interaktion zwischen SMC und lokalen Verstärkungen abgebildet und vorhergesagt werden. Um die Informationen aus der Prozesssimulation in die Struktursimulation zu übertragen, wurde eine CAE-Kette weiterentwickelt, die das Übertragen der Information vom Prozess- zum Strukturnetz ermöglicht. Hierbei wird sowohl eine Cluster-Bildung, als auch eine Homogenisierung auf Basis der Faserorientierungsverteilung durchgeführt. 
Zur experimentellen Analyse des Fließverhaltens, sowie zur Bereitstellung der benötigten validen Materialparameter für die Prozesssimulation, wurde ein neues rheologisches Fließpresswerkzeug entwickelt. Mit diesem Werkzeug wurden erstmal das kompressible Verhalten von semi-strukturellen SMC Formulierungen nachgewiesen und über einen phänomenologischen Ansatz beschrieben. Auf Basis dieser Kompressibilitätsformulierung konnte ein neues rheologisches Model entwickelt, das eine genauere Charakterisierung ermöglicht. Durch die Charakterisierung von fünf unterschiedlichen SMC-Materialformulierungen, konnten einige Gesetzmäßigkeiten der Materialparameter abgeleitet werden.
Measurement uncertainty relations
Creators: name: Busch, Paul
name: Lahti, Pekka
name: Werner, Reinhard F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P05, 81P15, 81Q10

description: Measurement uncertainty relations are quantitative bounds on the errors in an approximate joint measurement of two observables. They can be seen as a generalization of the error/disturbance tradeoff first discussed heuristically by Heisenberg. Here we prove such relations for the case of two canonically conjugate observables like position and momentum, and establish a close connection with the more familiar preparation uncertainty relations constraining the sharpness of the distributions of the two observables in the same state. Both sets of relations are generalized to means of order $α$ rather than the usual quadratic means, and we show that the optimal constants are the same for preparation and for measurement uncertainty. The constants are determined numerically and compared with some bounds in the literature. In both cases the near-saturation of the inequalities entails that the state (resp. observable) is uniformly close to a minimizing one.
description: This version 2 contains minor corrections and reformulations
On the Posch ratio for irradiance in coastal waters and the high seas
Creators: name: Pérez-Couto, Xabier
name: Falchi, Fabio
name: Bará, Salvador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The horizontal irradiance at the sea surface is an informative light pollution indicator to study Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) effects on marine biodiversity (e.g.: zooplankton diel vertical migration). The Posch ratio (PR) for the horizontal irradiance (that is, the ratio of the horizontal irradiance to the zenith radiance) is a useful tool for estimating the irradiance from easily available measurements of the zenith night sky brightness. The PR definition has already been generalized for any pair of linear radiance indicators in any pair of arbitrarily chosen photometric bands, and can also be applied to estimate e.g. the average sky radiance or the radiance at some elevation above the horizon as a function of the radiance in any other direction of the sky. The PR for a single light source depends on the distance from the source, its angular and spectral emission pattern, and the state of the atmosphere. The PR for any set of sources is a linear combination of the individual PRs that each one would produce separately, with weights that can be easily derived from the relative contribution of each source to the zenith radiance. Whereas in populated lands the ALAN PR varies relatively fast from one location to another, due to the particular spatial distribution of lights, in coastal waters and the high seas the light pollution PR is a smooth function of the distance to the shoreline, due to the progressive lack of neighboring sources and the absence of obstacles. In this work we present the fundamental equations of the model and an example of application for the waters surrounding the Iberian Peninsula, North Africa and the West Mediterranean islands.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Desarrollo de una herramienta para encuestas en la red /
Creators: name: Amaya Patron, Irma Alejandra
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: QA76.76.D47 A53 2002

description: Este trabajo parte de un proyecto que plantea el uso de un modelo para evaluar la práctica docente y la efectividad de los cursos presenciales.
On the fixed points of a Hamiltonian diffeomorphism in presence of fundamental group
Creators: name: Ono, Kaoru
name: Pajitnov, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D99, 53D40, 55N25, 57R17

description: Let M be a weakly monotone symplectic manifold, and H be a time-dependent Hamiltonian; we assume that the periodic orbits of the corresponding time-dependent Hamiltonian vector field are non-degenerate. We construct a refined version of the Floer chain complex associated to these data and any regular covering of M, and derive from it new lower bounds for the number of periodic orbits. We prove in particular that if the fundamental group of M is finite and solvable or simple, then the number of periodic orbits is not less than the minimal number of generators of the fundamental group. For a general closed symplectic manifold with infinite fundamental group, we show the existence of 1-periodic orbit of Conley-Zehnder index 1-n for any non-degenerate 1-periodic Hamiltonian system.
description: revised and extended version; the estimates for periodic orbits of index 2-n added
A robust hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin scheme with harmonic averaging technique for steady state of real-world semiconductor devices
Creators: name: Shi, Qingyuan
name: Cai, Yongyong
name: Zhuang, Chijie
name: Lin, Bo
name: Wu, Dan
name: Zeng, Rong
name: Bao, Weizhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Solving real-world nonlinear semiconductor device problems modeled by the drift-diffusion equations coupled with the Poisson equation (also known as the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations) necessitates an accurate and efficient numerical scheme which can avoid non-physical oscillations even for problems with extremely sharp doping profiles. In this paper, we propose a flexible and high-order hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) scheme with harmonic averaging (HA) technique to tackle these challenges. The proposed HDG-HA scheme combines the robustness of finite volume Scharfetter-Gummel (FVSG) method with the high-order accuracy and $hp$-flexibility offered by the locally conservative HDG scheme. The coupled Poisson equation and two drift-diffusion equations are simultaneously solved by the Newton method. Indicators based on the gradient of net doping $N$ and solution variables are proposed to switch between cells with HA technique and high-order conventional HDG cells, utilizing the flexibility of HDG scheme. Numerical results suggest that the proposed scheme does not exhibit oscillations or convergence issues, even when applied to heavily doped and sharp PN-junctions. Devices with circular junctions and realistic doping profiles are simulated in two dimensions, qualifying this scheme for practical simulation of real-world semiconductor devices.
Programación para el control de un sistema de soporte activo para un espejo primario deformable /
Creators: name: Carrillo Tripp, Mauricio
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: QB88 C37 1997

description: Este trabajo tiene como objetivo el desarrollo de un programa de computadora que controle el sistema de soporte activo de espejo primario 2.1 metros localizados en el telescopio del Observatorio Astronómico Nacional de la UNAM en la sierra de San Pedro Mártir.
On the contribution of exchange interactions to the Vlasov equation
Creators: name: Zamanian, J.
name: Marklund, M.
name: Brodin, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exchange effects play an important role in determining the equilibrium properties of dense matter systems, as well as for magnetic phenomena. There exists an extensive literature concerning, e.g., the effects of exchange interactions on the equation of state of dense matter. Here, a generalization of the Vlasov equation to include exchange effects is presented allowing for electromagnetic mean fields, thus incorporating some of the dynamic effects due to the exchange interactions. Treating the exchange term perturbatively, the correction to classical Langmuir waves in plasmas is found, and the results are compared with previous work. It is noted that the relative importance of exchange effects scales similarly with density and temperature as particle dispersive effects, but that the overall magnitude is sensitive to the details of the specific problem. The implications of our results are discussed.
description: 9 pages
K2-399 b is not a planet. The Saturn that wandered through the Neptune desert is actually a hierarchical eclipsing binary
Creators: name: Lillo-Box, J.
name: Latham, D. W.
name: Collins, K. A.
name: Armstrong, D. J.
name: Gandolfi, D.
name: Jensen, E. L. N.
name: Castro-González, A.
name: Balsalobre-Ruza, O.
name: Montesinos, B.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Aceituno, J.
name: Schwarz, R. P.
name: Narita, N.
name: Fukui, A.
name: Cabrera, J.
name: Hadjigeorghiou, A.
name: Kuzuhara, M.
name: Hirano, T.
name: Fridlund, M.
name: Hatzes, A. P.
name: Barragán, O.
name: Batalha, N. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transit technique has been very efficient in detecting planet candidate signals over the past decades. The so-called statistical validation approach has become a popular way of verifying a candidate's planetary nature. However, the incomplete consideration of false positive scenarios and data quality can lead to the misinterpretation of the results. In this work we revise the planetary status of K2-399\,b, a validated planet with an estimated false positive probability of 0.078% located in the middle of the so-called Neptunian desert, and hence a potential key target for atmospheric prospects. We use radial velocity data from the CARMENES, HARPS and TRES spectrographs, as well as ground-based multi-band transit photometry LCOGT MuSCAT3 and broad band photometry to test the planetary scenario. Our analysis of the available data does not support the existence of this (otherwise key) planet, and instead points to a scenario composed of an early G-dwarf orbited in a $846.62^{+0.22}_{-0.28}$~days period by a pair of eclipsing M-dwarfs (hence a hierarchical eclipsing binary) likely in the mid-type domain. We thus demote K2-399 b as a planet. We conclude that the validation process, while very useful to prioritise follow-up efforts, must always be conducted with careful attention to data quality while ensuring that all possible scenarios have been properly tested to get reliable results. We also encourage developers of validation algorithms to ensure the accuracy of a priori probabilities for different stellar scenarios that can lead to this kind of false validation. We further encourage the use of follow-up observations when possible (such as radial velocity and/or multi-band light curves) to confirm the planetary nature of detected transiting signals rather than only relying on validation tools.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables, Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Magnetic order and spin dynamics in La2O2Fe2OSe2 probed by 57Fe-Moessbauer, 139La-NMR, and muon spin relaxation spectroscopy
Creators: name: Günther, M.
name: Kamusella, S.
name: Sarkar, R.
name: Goltz, T.
name: Luetkens, H.
name: Pascua, G.
name: Do, S. -H.
name: Choi, K. -Y.
name: Zhou, H. D.
name: Blum, C. G. F.
name: Wurmehl, S.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Klauss, H. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed local probe study of the magnetic order in the oxychalcogenide La2O2Fe2OSe2 utilizing 57Fe Moessbauer, 139La NMR, and muon spin relaxation spectroscopy. This system can be regarded as an insulating reference system of the Fe arsenide and chalcogenide superconductors. From the combination of the local probe techniques we identify a non-collinear magnetic structure similar to Sr2F2Fe2OS2. The analysis of the magnetic order parameter yields an ordering temperature TN = 90.1 K and a critical exponent of beta = 0.133, which is close to the 2D Ising universality class as reported in the related oxychalcogenide family.
Cal-SFDA: Source-Free Domain-adaptive Semantic Segmentation with Differentiable Expected Calibration Error
Creators: name: Wang, Zixin
name: Luo, Yadan
name: Chen, Zhi
name: Wang, Sen
name: Huang, Zi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The prevalence of domain adaptive semantic segmentation has prompted concerns regarding source domain data leakage, where private information from the source domain could inadvertently be exposed in the target domain. To circumvent the requirement for source data, source-free domain adaptation has emerged as a viable solution that leverages self-training methods to pseudo-label high-confidence regions and adapt the model to the target data. However, the confidence scores obtained are often highly biased due to over-confidence and class-imbalance issues, which render both model selection and optimization problematic. In this paper, we propose a novel calibration-guided source-free domain adaptive semantic segmentation (Cal-SFDA) framework. The core idea is to estimate the expected calibration error (ECE) from the segmentation predictions, serving as a strong indicator of the model's generalization capability to the unlabeled target domain. The estimated ECE scores, in turn, assist the model training and fair selection in both source training and target adaptation stages. During model pre-training on the source domain, we ensure the differentiability of the ECE objective by leveraging the LogSumExp trick and using ECE scores to select the best source checkpoints for adaptation. To enable ECE estimation on the target domain without requiring labels, we train a value net for ECE estimation and apply statistic warm-up on its BatchNorm layers for stability. The estimated ECE scores assist in determining the reliability of prediction and enable class-balanced pseudo-labeling by positively guiding the adaptation progress and inhibiting potential error accumulation. Extensive experiments on two widely-used synthetic-to-real transfer tasks show that the proposed approach surpasses previous state-of-the-art by up to 5.25% of mIoU with fair model selection criteria.
description: To appear in ACM Multimedia 2023
Asymptotic Behavior of Heat Transport for a Class of Exact Solutions in Rotating Rayleigh-Bénard Convection
Creators: name: Grooms, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-hydrostatic, quasigeostrophic approximation for rapidly rotating Rayleigh-Bénard convection admits a class of exact `single mode' solutions. These solutions correspond to steady laminar convection with a separable structure consisting of a horizontal planform characterized by a single wavenumber multiplied by a vertical amplitude profile, with the latter given as the solution of a nonlinear boundary value problem. The heat transport associated with these solutions is studied in the regime of strong thermal forcing (large reduced Rayleigh number $\widetilde{Ra}$). It is shown that the Nusselt number $Nu$, a nondimensional measure of the efficiency of heat transport by convection, for this class of solutions is bounded below by $Nu\gtrsim \widetilde{Ra}^{3/2}$, independent of the Prandtl number, in the limit of large reduced Rayleigh number. Matching upper bounds include only logarithmic corrections, showing the accuracy of the estimate. Numerical solutions of the nonlinear boundary value problem for the vertical structure are consistent with the analytical bounds.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
SO as shock tracer in protoplanetary disks: the AB Aurigae case
Creators: name: Dutrey, A.
name: Chapillon, E.
name: Guilloteau, S.
name: Tang, Y. W.
name: Boccaletti, A.
name: Bouscasse, L.
name: Collin-Dufresne, Th.
name: Di Folco, E.
name: Fuente, A.
name: Piétu, V.
name: Rivière-Marichalar, P.
name: Semenov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {Sulfur Monoxide is known to be a good shock tracer in molecular clouds and protostar environments, but its abundance is difficult to reproduce even using state-of-the-art astrochemical models. }
 {We investigate the properties of the observed SO emission in the protoplanetary disk of AB Auriga, a Herbig Ae star of 2.4 $\Msun$ located at 156 pc. The AB Aur system is unique because it exhibits a dust trap and at least one young putative planet orbiting at about 30 au from the central star.}
 {We reduced ALMA archival data (projects 2019.1.00579.S, 2021.1.00690.S and 2021.1.01216.S) and analyzed the three detected SO lines (SO $6_5-5_4$, $6_7-5_6$ and $5_6-4_5$).
 We also present C$^{17}$O and C$^{18}$O 2-1 data to complement the interpretation of the SO data.}
 {For the three SO lines, the maximum SO emission in the ring is not located in the dust trap. Moreover, the inner radius of the SO ring is significantly larger than the CO emission inner radius, $\sim 160$ au versus $\sim 90$ au. The SO emission traces gas located in part beyond the dust ring. This emission likely originates from shocks at the interface of the outer spirals, observed in CO and scattered light emission, and the molecular and dust ring. SO is also detected inside the cavity, at a radius $\sim 20-30$ au and with a rotation velocity compatible with the proto-planet P1. We speculate that this SO emission originates from accretion shocks onto the circumplanetary disk of the putative proto-planet P1.}
 {These observations confirm that SO is a good tracer of shocks in protoplanetary disks and could be a powerful, new tool to detect embedded (proto-)planets.} Conclusions. These observations confirm that SO is a good tracer of shocks in protoplanetary disks and could be a powerful, new tool to detect embedded (proto-)planets.
Observation of strongly entangled photon pairs from a nanowire quantum dot
Creators: name: Versteegh, Marijn A. M.
name: Reimer, Michael E.
name: Jöns, Klaus D.
name: Dalacu, Dan
name: Poole, Philip J.
name: Gulinatti, Angelo
name: Giudice, Andrea
name: Zwiller, Val
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A bright photon source that combines high-fidelity entanglement, on-demand generation, high extraction efficiency, directional and coherent emission, as well as position control at the nanoscale is required for implementing ambitious schemes in quantum information processing, such as that of a quantum repeater. Still, all of these properties have not yet been achieved in a single device. Semiconductor quantum dots embedded in nanowire waveguides potentially satisfy all of these requirements; however, although theoretically predicted, entanglement has not yet been demonstrated for a nanowire quantum dot. Here, we demonstrate a bright and coherent source of strongly entangled photon pairs from a position controlled nanowire quantum dot with a fidelity as high as 0.859 +/- 0.006 and concurrence of 0.80 +/- 0.02. The two-photon quantum state is modified via the nanowire shape. Our new nanoscale entangled photon source can be integrated at desired positions in a quantum photonic circuit, single electron devices and light emitting diodes.
description: Article and Supplementary Information with open access published at: http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2014/141031/ncomms6298/full/ncomms6298.html
Mixing asymmetries in B meson systems, the D0 like-sign dimuon asymmetry and generic New Physics
Creators: name: Botella, F. J.
name: Branco, G. C.
name: Nebot, M.
name: Sanchez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of a large like-sign dimuon asymmetry $A^b_{SL}$ by the D0 experiment at the Tevatron departs noticeably from Standard Model expectations and it may be interpreted as a hint of physics beyond the Standard Model contributing to $ΔB\neq 0$ transitions. In this work we analyse how the natural suppression of $A^b_{SL}$ in the SM can be circumvented by New Physics. We consider generic Standard Model extensions where the charged current mixing matrix is enlarged with respect to the usual $3\times 3$ unitary Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix, and show how, within this framework, a significant enhancement over Standard Model expectations for $A^b_{SL}$ is easily reachable through enhancements of the semileptonic asymmetries $A^d_{SL}$ and $A^s_{SL}$ of both $B^0_d$ - $\bar B^0_d$ and $B^0_s$ - $\bar B^0_s$ systems. Despite being insufficient to reproduce the D0 measurement, such deviations from SM expectations may be probed by the LHCb experiment.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. Improved sections 2 and 3, updated results, conclusions unchanged
Solución numérica del problema de la membrana vibrante con el modelo de objetos /
Creators: name: Cruz Vazquez, Laura
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: QC28 C78 1997

description: Se hace orientación por objetos de la solución numérica por el método explicito de diferencias finitas de la ecuación de onda bidimensional.
ALMA Imaging of Gas and Dust in a Galaxy Protocluster at Redshift 5.3: [CII] Emission in "Typical" Galaxies and Dusty Starbursts ~1 Billion Years after the Big Bang
Creators: name: Riechers, Dominik A.
name: Carilli, Christopher L.
name: Capak, Peter L.
name: Scoville, Nicholas Z.
name: Smolcic, Vernesa
name: Schinnerer, Eva
name: Yun, Min
name: Cox, Pierre
name: Bertoldi, Frank
name: Karim, Alexander
name: Yan, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report interferometric imaging of [CII] and OH emission toward the center of the galaxy protocluster associated with the z=5.3 submillimeter galaxy (SMG) AzTEC-3, using the Atacama Large (sub)Millimeter Array (ALMA). We detect strong [CII], OH, and rest-frame 157.7 um continuum emission toward the SMG. The [CII] emission is distributed over a scale of 3.9 kpc, implying a dynamical mass of 9.7 x 10^10 Msun, and a star formation rate (SFR) surface density of Sigma_SFR = 530 Msun/yr/kpc2. This suggests that AzTEC-3 forms stars at Sigma_SFR approaching the Eddington limit for radiation pressure supported disks. We find that the OH emission is slightly blueshifted relative to the [CII] line, which may indicate a molecular outflow associated with the peak phase of the starburst. We also detect and dynamically resolve [CII] emission over a scale of 7.5 kpc toward a triplet of Lyman-break galaxies with moderate UV-based SFRs in the protocluster at ~95kpc projected distance from the SMG. These galaxies are not detected in the continuum, suggesting far-infrared SFRs of <18-54 Msun/yr, consistent with a UV-based estimate of 22 Msun/yr. The spectral energy distribution of these galaxies is inconsistent with nearby spiral and starburst galaxies, but resembles those of dwarf galaxies. This is consistent with expectations for young starbursts without significant older stellar populations. This suggests that these galaxies are significantly metal-enriched, but not heavily dust-obscured, "normal" star-forming galaxies at z>5, showing that ALMA can detect the interstellar medium in "typical" galaxies in the very early universe.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables, to appear in ApJ (accepted October 15, 2014)
Evaluación estacional del rendimiento y calidad de los agares de Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Bory) Dawson, Acleto et Foldvik 1964 de Bahía de las Animas, B.C., México /
Creators: name: Arellano Carbajal, Fausto
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: QK569 .G8 A74 1997

description: Se estudió la variacion estacional de los agares de Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis (Bory) Dawson, Acleto et Foldvik 1964 en Bahía de las Animas, Baja California, México; con muestras recolectadas entre mayo de 1995 y febrero de 1996.
Hydrodynamic thinning of a coating film induced by a small solid defect: evidence of a time-minimum thickness
Creators: name: Etienne-Simonetti, Alice
name: Restagno, Frédéric
name: Cantat, Isabelle
name: Rio, Emmanuelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During coating processes, dust deposition can lead to an uneven thickness in the resulting film, posing significant problems in industrial processes. Our study explores the effects of solid defects using a vertical cylindrical fiber deposited on a silicone oil film coating a horizontal solid substrate. We use a hyperspectral camera to measure the film thickness by interferometry in the vicinity of the defect. As predicted and observed in many studies in various geometries, a circular groove appears around the fiber because of the capillary suction induced by the meniscus that grows at the bottom of the fiber. We measure the evolution of the thickness of the film at the groove over time. The thickness decreases before increasing again leading to the healing of the perturbation at long time. We propose that healing is due to the arrest of the suction when the meniscus reaches its equilibrium shape. By combining geometric analysis with the thin film equation, we have developed scaling laws that predict both the minimum thickness of the groove, that we call the time-minimum thickness, and the time required to reach this minimum. If the time-minimum thickness reaches the thickness at which intermolecular forces begin to play a role prior to healing, the thickness of the groove will stop decreasing and saturate due to the competition between drainage and repulsive intermolecular forces. Based on the previous scaling law, we developed a scaling law accounting for the critical initial thickness of the film below which the intermolecular repulsion will start to have an effect, which is in good agreement with our experiments. These results thus offer valuable insights into predicting and preventing defects in coating processes, thereby improving the quality and reliability of coated products in various industries.
Revisiting Feynman's ratchet with thermoelectric transport theory
Creators: name: Apertet, Y.
name: Ouerdane, H.
name: Goupil, C.
name: Lecoeur, Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the formalism used for thermoelectric transport may be adapted to Smoluchowski's seminal thought experiment also known as Feynman's ratchet and pawl system. Our analysis rests on the notion of useful flux, which for a thermoelectric system is the electrical current and for Feynman's ratchet is the effective jump frequency. Our approach yields original insight into the derivation and analysis of the system's properties. In particular we define an entropy per tooth in analogy with the entropy per carrier or Seebeck coefficient, and we derive the analogue to Kelvin's second relation for Feynman's ratchet. Owing to the formal similarity between the heat fluxes balance equations for a thermoelectric generator (TEG) and those for Feynman's ratchet, we introduce a distribution parameter that quantifies the amount of heat that flows through the cold and hot sides of both heat engines. While it is well established that $γ$ = 1/2 for a TEG, it is equal to 1 for Feynman's ratchet. This implies that no heat may be rejected in the cold reservoir for the latter case. Further, the analysis of the efficiency at maximum power shows that the so-called Feynman efficiency corresponds to that of an exoreversible engine, with $γ$ = 1. Then, turning to the nonlinear regime, we generalize the approach based on the convection picture and introduce two different types of resistance to distinguish the dynamical behavior of the considered system from its ability to dissipate energy. We finally put forth the strong similarity between the original Feynman ratchet and a mesoscopic thermoelectric generator with a single conducting channel.
The large-scale structure of vacuum
Creators: name: Albareti, F. D.
name: Cembranos, J. A. R.
name: Maroto, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vacuum state in quantum field theory is known to exhibit an important number of fundamental physical features. In this work we explore the possibility that this state could also present a non-trivial space-time structure on large scales. In particular, we will show that by imposing the renormalized vacuum energy-momentum tensor to be conserved and compatible with cosmological observations, the vacuum energy of sufficiently heavy fields behaves at late times as non-relativistic matter rather than as a cosmological constant. In this limit, the vacuum state supports perturbations whose speed of sound is negligible and accordingly allows the growth of structures in the vacuum energy itself. This large-scale structure of vacuum could seed the formation of galaxies and clusters very much in the same way as cold dark matter does.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. Essay selected for "Honorable Mention" in the Gravity Research Foundation 2014 Awards. Version published in IJMPD
The SIMP Miracle
Creators: name: Hochberg, Yonit
name: Kuflik, Eric
name: Volansky, Tomer
name: Wacker, Jay G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new paradigm for achieving thermal relic dark matter. The mechanism arises when a nearly secluded dark sector is thermalized with the Standard Model after reheating. The freezeout process is a number-changing 3->2 annihilation of strongly-interacting-massive-particles (SIMPs) in the dark sector, and points to sub-GeV dark matter. The couplings to the visible sector, necessary for maintaining thermal equilibrium with the Standard Model, imply measurable signals that will allow coverage of a significant part of the parameter space with future indirect- and direct-detection experiments and via direct production of dark matter at colliders. Moreover, 3->2 annihilations typically predict sizable 2->2 self-interactions which naturally address the `core vs. cusp' and `too-big-to-fail' small structure problems.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; v2: minor updates. Published in PRL with the title "Mechanism for Thermal Relic Dark Matter of Strongly Interacting Massive Particles."
Signatures of enhanced spin-triplet superconductivity induced by interfacial properties
Creators: name: Shen, Chenghao
name: Han, Jong E.
name: Vezin, Thomas
name: Alidoust, Mohammad
name: Žutić, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While spin-triplet pairing remains elusive in nature, there is a growing effort to realize proximity-induced equal-spin triplet superconductivity in junctions with magnetic regions or an applied magnetic field and common $s$-wave superconductors. To enhance such spin-triplet contribution, it is expected that junctions with a weak interfacial barrier and strong spin-orbit coupling are desirable. Intuitively, a weak interfacial barrier enables a robust proximity-induced superconductivity and strong spin-orbit coupling promotes spin mixing, converting spin-singlet into spin-triplet superconductivity. In contrast, we reveal a nonmonotonic spin-triplet contribution with the strength of the interfacial barrier and spin-orbit coupling. This picture is established by considering different signatures in conductance and superconducting correlations, as well as by performing self-consistent calculations. As a result, we identify a strongly enhanced spin-triplet superconductivity, realized for an intermediate strength of interfacial barrier and spin-orbit coupling. In junctions with magnetic regions, an enhanced spin-triplet superconductivity leads to a large magnetoanisotropy of conductance and superconducting correlations. This picture of an enhanced spin-triplet superconductivity is consistent with experiments demonstrating a huge increase in the conductance magnetoanisotropy, which we predict can be further enhanced at a finite bias.
Trends of Using Forensic Evidence for Judge's Consideration of Court in Thailand.
Creators: name: Sarat Luandee
name: Suebpongsiri, Sarit
name: Choawit Rakangthong
Publisher: name: Silpakorn University Research and Development Institute
Year: 2018
Subjects: Caseprocessing
criminaljustice
forensic evidence
judge's consideration

description: Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences Studies, 18, 3, 683-694
Extended dynamical mean-field study of the Hubbard model with long range interactions
Creators: name: Huang, Li
name: Ayral, Thomas
name: Biermann, Silke
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using extended dynamical mean-field theory and its combination with the $GW$ approximation, we compute the phase diagrams and local spectral functions of the single-band extended Hubbard model on the square and simple cubic lattices, considering long range interactions up to the third nearest neighbors. The longer range interactions shift the boundaries between the metallic, charge-ordered insulating and Mott insulating phases, and lead to characteristic changes in the screening modes and local spectral functions. Momentum-dependent self-energy contributions enhance the correlation effects and thus compete with the additional screening effect from longer range Coulomb interactions. Our results suggest that the influence of longer range intersite interactions is significant, and that these effects deserve attention in realistic studies of correlated materials.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures
Improving Conditional Level Generation using Automated Validation in Match-3 Games
Creators: name: Aylagas, Monica Villanueva
name: Bergdahl, Joakim
name: Gillberg, Jonas
name: Sestini, Alessandro
name: Tolstoy, Theodor
name: Gisslén, Linus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative models for level generation have shown great potential in game production. However, they often provide limited control over the generation, and the validity of the generated levels is unreliable. Despite this fact, only a few approaches that learn from existing data provide the users with ways of controlling the generation, simultaneously addressing the generation of unsolvable levels. %One of the main challenges it faces is that levels generated through automation may not be solvable thus requiring validation. are not always engaging, challenging, or even solvable. This paper proposes Avalon, a novel method to improve models that learn from existing level designs using difficulty statistics extracted from gameplay. In particular, we use a conditional variational autoencoder to generate layouts for match-3 levels, conditioning the model on pre-collected statistics such as game mechanics like difficulty and relevant visual features like size and symmetry. Our method is general enough that multiple approaches could potentially be used to generate these statistics. We quantitatively evaluate our approach by comparing it to an ablated model without difficulty conditioning. Additionally, we analyze both quantitatively and qualitatively whether the style of the dataset is preserved in the generated levels. Our approach generates more valid levels than the same method without difficulty conditioning.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Exploring the Narratives of Female Undergraduate Students in Math-Intensive Programs
Creators: name: Fontaine, Caitlyn
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Gender
subject: Figured Worlds
subject: Identity
subject: Canada
subject: Undergraduate
subject: Narrative
subject: Discourse

description: In recent years, researchers have continued to examine factors that contribute to the ongoing loss of women in mathematics programs and careers at a higher rate than their male counterparts. An important element in women choosing to persist in mathematics may be the ability to identify as mathematically able, however popular culture often constructs ideas of ‘mathematicians’ and ‘femininity’ in ways which render them difficult to reconcile. This research explores the narratives of Canadian female undergraduate students in mathematics-intensive programs in order to develop further understanding of how they negotiate identities as ‘feminine’ and mathematically able. Four students from a Canadian university were recruited to participate in narrative research interviews. Using Holland et al.’s (2003) concept of figured worlds, this study employs a thematic analysis of the data to examine how participants use, adapt or reject available discourses to perform identities as feminine and mathematically able. Depuis quelques années, les chercheurs continuent d'examiner les facteurs contribuant à la déplétion continue des femmes dans les programmes et les carrières en mathématiques à un taux plus élevé que leurs homologues masculins. Un élément important dans le choix des femmes de persévérer dans les mathématiques semble être la capacité de s'identifier comme mathématiquement capables, or la culture populaire construit souvent des concepts de «mathématiciens» et de «féminité» de manière à les rendre difficiles à concilier. Cette recherche explore les rapports narratifs d'étudiantes canadiennes au baccalauréat dans des programmes intensifs en mathématiques afin de mieux comprendre comment elles négocient des identités tel que «féminine» et mathématiquement capable. Quatre étudiantes d'une université canadienne ont été recrutées pour participer à des entrevues de recherche narrative. En utilisant le concept de «figured worlds» de Holland et al. (2003), cette étude utilise une analyse thématique des données pour examiner comment les participantes utilisent, adaptent ou rejettent les discours pour réaliser des identités comme féminines et mathématiquement capables.
The Operational Meaning of Total Energy of Isolated Systems in General Relativity
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: Speziale, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present thought experiments to measure the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner and Bondi-Sachs energy of isolated systems in general relativity. The expression of the Bondi-Sachs energy used in the protocol is likely to have other applications. In particular, it is well-suited to to be promoted to an operator in non-perturbative loop quantum gravity.
description: Written in honor of Jorge Pullin on the occasion of his 60th birthday. 21 pages, 1 figure
Community Feedback on the Separation Kernel Protection Profile Draft
Creators: name: Schulz, Thorsten
name: Hohenegger, Andreas
name: Ortega, Alvaro
name: Blasum, Holger
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Common Criteria
Protection Profile
CCUF
Separation Kernel

description: This white paper is reporting on interoperability aspects of the Common Criteria Base Separation Kernel Protection Profile (PP) draft. This paper captures the results of the collaboration on PP interoperability organised by University of Rostock in Task 9.2. It reports how the PP draft can be applied to the separation kernels of MILS platform providers and how well the PP draft addresses requirements of users such as system integrators. Previously, the WP 2 has created a PP with additional modules. To make the proposed PP most accessible to all potential stakeholders in the MILS domain and the Separation Kernel application domain, WP 9 proposed to gather feedback from the community for integration into the PP draft.
 The activities being discussed resemble mostly the Common Criteria User Forum presentations and its community involvement. Beyond that, certification bodies and a few known consortium contacts were directly contacted and invited to provide feedback. The questions asked, as well as the accumulated answers are presented.
 The white paper closes with a discussion on the continued improvement of the PP for proposed acceptance and adoption.
The change of GRB polarization angles in the magnetic-dominated jet model
Creators: name: Chang, Zhe
name: Lin, Hai-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarimetric measurement on the prompt phase of GRB 100826A shows that the polarization angle changes $\sim 90^{\circ}$ between two adjacent time intervals. We will show that this phenomenon can be naturally interpreted in the framework of the magnetic-dominated jet (MDJ) model. The MDJ model suggests that the bulk Lorentz factor of the outflow increases as $Γ\propto r^{1/3}$, until reaching a saturated value $Γ_{\rm sat}$. Electrons move in the globally ordered magnetic field advected by the jet from the central engine and produce synchrotron photons. The polarized synchrotron photons travel alone the jet direction and then collide with the cold electrons at the front of the jet. After the Compton scattering process, these photons escape from the jet and are detected by the observer locating slightly off-axis. If photons are emitted before the bulk Lorentz factor saturates, the change of polarization angle is a natural result of the acceleration of the outflow.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Long- versus medium-run identification in fractionally integrated VAR models
Creators: name: Tschernig, Rolf
name: Weber, Enzo
name: Weigand, Roland
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Structural vector autoregression, long-run restriction, finite-horizon identification, fractional integration, impulse response function
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: C32
subject: C50

description: We state that long-run restrictions that identify structural shocks in VAR models with unit roots lose their original interpretation if the fractional integration order of the affected variable is below one. For such fractionally integrated models we consider a medium-run approach that employs restrictions on variance contributions over finite horizons. We show for alternative identification schemes that letting the horizon tend to infinity is equivalent to imposing the restriction of Blanchard and Quah (1989) introduced for the unit-root case.
Reducing model uncertainties using proton-oxygen collisions with proton/neutron tagging at the LHC
Creators: name: Pitt, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short run of proton-oxygen and oxygen-oxygen collisions is planned to take place at the Large Hadron Collider during LHC Run 3. The primary goal of this run is to improve the modeling of Cosmic-Ray interactions and to reduce the uncertainties associated with proton-Air cross-sections. While the inelastic cross-section will be measured directly, an array of very forward proton and neutron detectors introduced by the ATLAS and CMS experiments can allow going beyond the current physics research proposal, providing a unique opportunity to study elastic and diffractive interactions in pO collisions at the center of mass energies above TeV. This article presents the possible impact of proton and neutron tagging on the measurement of the elastic and diffractive components, as well as discusses the prospects of measuring the decay products of oxygen ions.
description: Proceedings of the 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023)