cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Annual Modulation in Direct Dark Matter Searches
Creators: name: Froborg, Francis
name: Duffy, Alan R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of an annual modulation in the event rate of direct dark matter detection experiments is a powerful tool for dark matter discovery. Indeed, several experiments have already claimed such a discovery in the past decade. While most of them have later revoked their conclusions, and others have found potentially contradictory results, one still stands today. This paper explains the potential as well as the challenges of annual modulation measurements, and gives an overview of past, present and future direct detection experiments.
description: Accepted review article in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 49 pages, 3 figures, v3 updated to accepted version
Life Cycle Analysis of Tomato Production
Creators: name: Kelly, Josh
name: Macdonald, Andrea
name: Wilkes, Tyler
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Bewertung der Tiergerechtheit in der intensiven Hähnchenmast durch Bürger anhand von Bildern: ein Survey-Experiment
Citizens’ Evaluation of Animal Welfare on Pictures of Intensive Broiler Fattening: A Survey Experiment
Creators: name: Busch, Gesa
name: Schwetje, Carolin
name: Spiller, Achim
name: Busch, Gesa
name: Schwetje, Carolin
name: Spiller, Achim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Tierwohl
subject: Tiergerechtheit
subject: Bürger
subject: Hähnchenmast
subject: Besatzdichte
subject: Survey-Experiment
subject: animal welfare
subject: citizen
subject: broiler
subject: stocking density
subject: survey experiment

description: Ausgehend von einer vorrangig medial geführten und somit bildgestützten Diskussion um Tierhaltungsverfahren und Tiergerechtheit in Deutschland untersucht dieser Beitrag die Bürgerwahrnehmung intensiver Hähnchenmast. Dazu wurden in einem Survey-Experiment Bürgern fünf verschiedene Bilder aus einem 40 000er Maststall vorgelegt. Die Bilder sind in demselben Stall aufgenommen und variieren im Alter der Tiere und der Besatzdichte. Um einer wechselseitigen Beeinflussung der Probanden durch verschiedene Bilder vorzubeugen, wurde die Stichprobe geteilt und jedem Probanden nur ein Bild gezeigt. Insgesamt fällt die Bewertung der Bilder sehr negativ aus. Lediglich Bilder des Stalls mit Eintagsküken (Besatzdichte: 0,8 kg/m²) werden positiver wahrgenommen. Für die Kommunikation tiergerechterer Systeme ergeben sich daraus Herausforderungen für die Branche, da die in Wissenschaft und Politik u.a. diskutierte Reduktion der Besatzdichte in der bildlichen Kommunikation allein für den Bürger keinen ersichtlichen Vorteil der Tiergerechtheit bringt. Based on media discussion about animal production systems and animal welfare in Germany that mainly relies on pictures, this study analyses the citizen perception of intensive broiler fattening. In a survey experiment, five pictures from a 40,000 broiler barn were shown to citizens. The pictures were taken in the same barn but vary in age of the animals and stocking densities. The sample was split to avoid the five pictures from influencing the perception and each participant was shown only one picture. Overall, the eval-uation of the pictures was very negative. Only the picture showing day-old-chicks was perceived as favorable (stocking density: 0.8 kg/m²). This is a challenge for the communication of animal welfare standards because the reductions, inter alia currently being discussed in science and politics of stocking densities were not perceived as an animal welfare advantage from a citizen perspective.
Intensivierungspläne österreichischer MilchproduzentInnen angesichts der auslaufenden Milchquotenregelung 2015 – ein empirisches Modell zur Erklärung von Verhaltensintentionen
Intensification Plans of Austrian Farmers beyond Dairy Quotas – An Empirical Model to Explain Planned Behaviour
Creators: name: Larcher, Manuela
name: Schönhart, Martin
name: Schmid, Erwin
name: Vogel, Stefan
name: Larcher, Manuela
name: Schönhart, Martin
name: Schmid, Erwin
name: Vogel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Milchquote
subject: betriebliche Produktionspläne
subject: Intensivierung der Milchproduktion
subject: Haushaltsstrategien
subject: Hofnachfolge
subject: Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens
subject: milk quota
subject: farm production plans
subject: intensification of dairy production
subject: household strategies
subject: farm succession
subject: theory of planned behaviour

description: Die Planungsabsichten von österreichischen LandwirtInnen, mittelfristig ihre Milchproduktion zu intensivieren, werden vor dem Hintergrund des Auslaufens der Milchquotenregelung im Jahr 2015 untersucht. Die Datengrundlage hierfür bilden Befragungsdaten von MilchproduzentInnen zu deren Einstellungen, Erwartungen und Plänen (N = 455). Mittels binärer logistischer Regression werden unabhängige Variablen simultan betrachtet, um das Auftreten bzw. Nichtauftreten von Intensivierungsplänen in der Milchproduktion zu prognostizieren. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch untersucht, inwieweit eine zunehmende Heterogenität der Untersuchungsgruppe die Prognosequalität des Regressionsmodells verändert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass mittelfristige Intensivierungspläne von österreichischen MilchproduzentInnen in hohem Maße von ihren Einstellungen zum eigenen Verhalten und von der wahrgenommen Verhaltenskontrolle beeinflusst sind. Ohne Wachstumsorientierung und optimistischer Selbsteinschätzung hinsichtlich der eigenen Handlungsoptionen nach Ende der Milchquotenregelung 2015 sind Intensivierungspläne in der Milchwirtschaft auch bei gesicherter Hofnachfolge und günstiger Ressourcenausstattung nicht wahrscheinlich. This article analyses intensification plans of Austrian dairy farmers after the abolition of the EU milk quota regime in 2015. Binary logistic regression models have been developed using survey data (N = 455) on farmers’ values, believes, expectations, and plans. The models are tested on its ability to predict intensification plans in dairy production. The results indicate that midterm plans are mainly determined by farmers’ attitudes towards own behaviour as well as perceptions on behavioural control. Orientation towards farm enlargement and optimistic perceptions on management options after the abolition of the milk quota in 2015 are preconditions for intensification plans even if farm succession strategies are already settled and farm resource endowments are seen sufficient.
Simple models of the contribution of intermediate state gluons to Jψsuppression at the CERN SPS
Creators: name: Jurcovicova, M.
name: Nogova, A.
name: Pisut, J.
name: Pisutova, N.
name: Tokar, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct three simple scenarios of the evolution of intermediate stage gluons in Pb-Pb collisions at the CERN SPS. Only the scenario close to the model of Kharzeev, Lourenco, Nardi and Satz agrees qualitatively with the data of NA50 Collaboration.
description: 19 p[ages, 4 eps figures
On Superselection Rules in Bohm-Bell Theories
Creators: name: Colin, Samuel
name: Durt, Thomas
name: Tumulka, Roderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The meaning of superselection rules in Bohm-Bell theories (i.e., quantum theories with particle trajectories) is different from that in orthodox quantum theory. More precisely, there are two concepts of superselection rule, a weak and a strong one. Weak superselection rules exist both in orthodox quantum theory and in Bohm-Bell theories and represent the conventional understanding of superselection rules. We introduce the concept of strong superselection rule, which does not exist in orthodox quantum theory. It relies on the clear ontology of Bohm-Bell theories and is a sharper and, in the Bohm-Bell context, more fundamental notion. A strong superselection rule for the observable G asserts that one can replace every state vector by a suitable statistical mixture of eigenvectors of G without changing the particle trajectories or their probabilities. A weak superselection rule asserts that every state vector is empirically indistinguishable from a suitable statistical mixture of eigenvectors of G. We establish conditions on G for both kinds of superselection. For comparison, we also consider both kinds of superselection in theories of spontaneous wave function collapse.
description: 20 pages LaTeX, no figures; v2 minor improvements, journal version
Use of vitamin C in patients with COVID-19: a review protocol of systematic review and meta analysis.pdf
Creators: name: Azmi, Yusuf
name: Yogiswara, Niwanda
name: Makhyan Jibril Al Farabi
name: Santoso, Anwar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Use of vitamin C in patients with COVID-19: a review protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis.
Traversable wormholes in $f(R)$-massive gravity
Creators: name: Tangphati, Takol
name: Chatrabhuti, Auttakit
name: Samart, Daris
name: Channuie, Phongpichit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, the study of traversable wormholes in $f(R)$-massive gravity with the function $f(R)=R+α_{1} R^{n}$, where $α_{1}$ and $n$ are arbitrary constants, is considered. We choose the modified shape function $b(r)$. We consider a spherically symmetric and static wormhole metric and derive field equations. Moreover, we visualize the wormhole geometry using embedding diagrams. Furthermore, we check the null, weak, dominant and strong energy conditions at the wormhole throat with a radius $r_{0}$ invoking three types of redshift functions, $Φ={\rm constant},γ_{1}/r,\,\log(1+γ_{2}/r)$ with $γ_{1}$ and $γ_{2}$ are arbitrary real constants. We also compute the volume integral quantifier to calculate the amount of the exotic matter near the constructed wormhole throat.
description: v2: 24 pages, many figures, 3 tables, the title changed reflecting a major revision
Does Spatial Dependence Depend on Spatial Resolution? – An Empirical Analysis of Organic Farming in Southern Germany
Ist die räumliche Abhängigkeit von der räumlichen Auflösung abhängig? Eine empirische Analyse des ökologischen Landbaus in Süddeutschland
Creators: name: Schmidtner, Eva
name: Lippert, Christian
name: Dabbert, Stephan
name: Schmidtner, Eva
name: Lippert, Christian
name: Dabbert, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: organic farming
subject: spatial distribution
subject: agglomeration effects
subject: spatial econometrics
subject: Ökolandbau
subject: räumliche Verteilung
subject: Agglomerationseffekte
subject: räumliche Ökonometrie

description: Assuming that agglomeration effects do matter in organic farming we analyse (a) the difficulties due to data aggregation arising when trying to statistically verify neighbourhood effects and (b) whether results can be confirmed at different spatial resolutions. Explaining the spatial distribution of organic farming in southern Germany (2007) we compare results of spatial lag models at two measurement scales. The results suggest that essential factors determining the decision to convert from conventional to organic farming are found at different spatial resolutions. The results at the lower spatial resolution are not artificially generated through the aggregation process in this case, strengthening the relevance of previous studies. Unter der Annahme, dass Agglomerationseffekte im ökologischen Landbau von Bedeutung sind, untersuchen wir (a) die Schwierigkeiten, welche auf die Aggregation von Daten zurückzuführen sind und dann auftreten, wenn Nachbarschaftseffekte statistisch nachgewiesen werden sollen und (b) ob Ergebnisse auf verschiedenen räumlichen Ebenen bestätigt werden können. Wir erklären die räumliche Verteilung des ökologischen Landbaus in Süddeutschland (2007) und vergleichen die entsprechenden Ergebnisse erweiterter autoregressiver Modelle auf zwei räumlichen Ebe-nen. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass wesentliche Faktoren, die die Umstellungsentscheidung von der konventionellen auf die ökologische Wirtschaftsweise beeinflussen, auf verschiedenen räumlichen Ebenen nachgewiesen werden können. Die Ergebnisse für die geringere räumliche Auflösung werden in diesem Fall nicht künstlich durch den Aggregationsprozess erzeugt, was die Aussagekraft vorheriger Studien stärkt.
A deep view into the nucleus of the Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy with MUSE. II. Kinematic characterization of the stellar populations
Creators: name: Alfaro-Cuello, Mayte
name: Kacharov, Nikolay
name: Neumayer, Nadine
name: Bianchini, Paolo
name: Mastrobuono-Battisti, Alessandra
name: Luetzgendorf, Nora
name: Seth, Anil C.
name: Boeker, Torsten
name: Kamann, Sebastian
name: Leaman, Ryan
name: Watkins, Laura L.
name: van de Ven, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy (Sgr dSph) is in an advanced stage of disruption but still hosts its nuclear star cluster (NSC), M54, at its center. In this paper, we present a detailed kinematic characterization of the three stellar populations present in M54: young metal-rich (YMR); intermediate-age metal-rich (IMR); and old metal-poor (OMP), based on the spectra of $\sim6500$ individual M54 member stars extracted from a large MUSE/VLT dataset. We find that the OMP population is slightly flattened with a low amount of rotation ($\sim0.8$ km s$^{-1}$) and with a velocity dispersion that follows a Plummer profile. The YMR population displays a high amount of rotation ($\sim5$ km s$^{-1}$) and a high degree of flattening, with a lower and flat velocity dispersion profile. The IMR population shows a high but flat velocity dispersion profile, with some degree of rotation ($\sim2$ km s$^{-1}$). We complement our MUSE data with information from \textit{Gaia DR2} and confirm that the stars from the OMP and YMR populations are comoving in 3D space, suggesting that they are dynamically bound. While dynamical evolutionary effects (e.g. energy equipartition) are able to explain the differences in velocity dispersion between the stellar populations, the strong differences in rotation indicate different formation paths for the populations, as supported by an $N$-body simulation tailored to emulate the YMR-OMP system. This study provides additional evidence for the M54 formation scenario proposed in our previous work, where this NSC formed via GC accretion (OMP) and in situ formation from gas accretion in a rotationally supported disc (YMR).
description: 21 Pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication by ApJ
Magnetic ordering in doped coupled frustrated quantum spin-1/2 chains with 4-spin exchange
Creators: name: Laflorencie, Nicolas
name: Poilblanc, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of various magnetic inter-chain couplings has been investigated recently by numerical methods in doped frustrated quantum spin chains. A non-magnetic dopant introduced in a gapped spin chain releases a free spin-1/2 soliton. The formation of a local magnetic moment has been analyzed in term of soliton confinement. A four-spin coupling which might originate from cyclic exchange is shown to produce such a confinement. Dopants on different chains experience an effective space-extended non-frustrating pairwise spin interaction. This effective interaction between impurity-spins is long-ranged and therefore is expected to play a crucial role in the mecanism of antiferromagnetic (AF) long-range ordering (LRO) observed in spin-Peierls (SP) compounds such as CuGeO$_3$ doped with non-magnetic impurities.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures. Proc. of the 7th International Symposium of Research in High Magnetic Fields in Toulouse, France (July 2003)
An Investigation into Polystyrene Recycling at UBC
Creators: name: Gu, Ricky
name: Lee, Oscar
name: Salehzadah, Yusef
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Safe Crossover of Neural Networks Through Neuron Alignment
Creators: name: Uriot, Thomas
name: Izzo, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the main and largely unexplored challenges in evolving the weights of neural networks using genetic algorithms is to find a sensible crossover operation between parent networks. Indeed, naive crossover leads to functionally damaged offspring that do not retain information from the parents. This is because neural networks are invariant to permutations of neurons, giving rise to multiple ways of representing the same solution. This is often referred to as the competing conventions problem. In this paper, we propose a two-step safe crossover(SC) operator. First, the neurons of the parents are functionally aligned by computing how well they correlate, and only then are the parents recombined. We compare two ways of measuring relationships between neurons: Pairwise Correlation (PwC) and Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). We test our safe crossover operators (SC-PwC and SC-CCA) on MNIST and CIFAR-10 by performing arithmetic crossover on the weights of feed-forward neural network pairs. We show that it effectively transmits information from parents to offspring and significantly improves upon naive crossover. Our method is computationally fast,can serve as a way to explore the fitness landscape more efficiently and makes safe crossover a potentially promising operator in future neuroevolution research and applications.
Basic Connection between Superconductivity and Superfluidity
Creators: name: Rabinowitz, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A basic and inherently simple connection is shown to exist between superconductivity and superfluidity. It is shown here that the author's previously derived general equation which agrees well with the superconducting transition temperatures for the heavy-electron superconductors, metallic superconductors, oxide supercon- ductors, metallic hydrogen, and neutron stars, also works well for the superfluid transition temperature of 2.6 mK for liquid 3He. Reasonable estimates are made from 10^-3 K to 10^9K -- a range of 12 orders of magnitude. The same paradigm applies to the superfluid transition temperature of liquid 4He, but results in a slightly different equation. The superfluid transition temperature for dilute solutions of 3He in superfluid 4He is estimated to be ~ 1 to 10mK. This paradigm works well in detail for metallic, cuprate, and organic superconductors.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Use of vitamin C in patients with COVID-19: a review protocol of systematic review and meta analysis.pdf
Creators: name: Azmi, Yusuf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Use of vitamin C in patients with COVID-19: a review protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis
A note on the dual complex associated to a resolution of singularities
Creators: name: Stepanov, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J45

description: The dual complex associated to a resolution of singularities generalizes the notion of a resolution graph of a surface singularity to any dimension. We show that homotopy type of the dual complex is an invariant of an isolated singularity.
description: 5 pages
ENTERPRISES’ INNOVATIVENESS WITH THE SPECIAL ATTENTION TO FOOD INDUSTRY
INNOWACYJNOŚĆ PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW ZE SZCZEGÓLNYM UWZGLĘDNIENIEM PRZEMYSŁU SPOŻYWCZEGO
Creators: name: Strzebicki, Dariusz
name: Strzebicki, Dariusz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Innovations
subject: food industry
subject: innovativeness’ theory
subject: food products

description: Innovativeness’ problematic aspects are discussed in the elaboration with the special attention to food industry. Important theories of innovativeness are referred to. Key concepts concerning European Union innovativeness’ policy are discussed. A comparison of food industry enterprises’ innovativeness with other economic sectors are made. Areas of innovativeness in the most innovative food industry enterprises in USA are presented.
Properties of the $ω$ Meson at Finite Temperature and Density
Creators: name: Martell, A. T.
name: Ellis, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass shift, width broadening, and spectral density for the $ω$ meson in a heat bath of nucleons and pions is calculated using a general formula which relates the self-energy to the forward scattering amplitude. We use experimental data to saturate the scattering amplitude at low energies with resonances and include a background Pomeron term, while at high energies a Regge parameterization is used. The peak of the spectral density is little shifted from its vacuum position, but the width is considerably increased due to collisional broadening. At normal nuclear matter density and a temperature of 150 MeV the spectral density of the $ω$ meson has a width of 140 MeV. Zero temperature nuclear matter is also discussed.
description: 5 pages revtex4, 3 figure
THE FUNCTIONING OF A MOTIVATIONAL SYSTEM IN INSURANCE COMPANIES BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE PZU GROUP INSURANCE COMPANIES
FUNKCJONOWANIE SYSTEMU MOTYWACYJNEGO FIRMY UBEZPIECZENIOWEJ NA PRZYKŁADZIE TOWARZYSTW UBEZPIECZENIOWYCH GRUPY PZU
Creators: name: Adamowicz, Mieczyslaw
name: Laszkiewicz, Joanna
name: Adamowicz, Mieczyslaw
name: Laszkiewicz, Joanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: motivational system
subject: the PZU Group
subject: insurance
subject: staff management

description: The article examines the issue of motivation presented in theory and in practice using the example of the PZU Group, the big capital group dominated by insurance organizations. The discussion presents the characteristics of PZU Group and its environment as well as Poland’s economic situation. Moreover, both the new and the previous motivational system have been shown and assessed. The original research is based on the answers of 87 respondents who completed questionnaires considering job satisfaction, job atmosphere, financial conditions, employee’s engagement in company issues, self-improvement, features and criteria of the new motivational system and other factors motivating employees.
Constraining the recent star formation history of galaxies : an Approximate Bayesian Computation approach
Creators: name: Aufort, G.
name: Ciesla, L.
name: Pudlo, P.
name: Buat, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: [Abridged] Although galaxies are found to follow a tight relation between their star formation rate and stellar mass, they are expected to exhibit complex star formation histories (SFH), with short-term fluctuations. The goal of this pilot study is to present a method that will identify galaxies that are undergoing a strong variation of star formation activity in the last tens to hundreds Myr. In other words, the proposed method will determine whether a variation in the last few hundreds of Myr of the SFH is needed to properly model the SED rather than a smooth normal SFH. To do so, we analyze a sample of COSMOS galaxies using high signal-to-noise ratio broad band photometry. We apply Approximate Bayesian Computation, a state-of-the-art statistical method to perform model choice, associated to machine learning algorithms to provide the probability that a flexible SFH is preferred based on the observed flux density ratios of galaxies. We present the method and test it on a sample of simulated SEDs. The input information fed to the algorithm is a set of broadband UV to NIR (rest-frame) flux ratios for each galaxy. The method has an error rate of 21% in recovering the right SFH and is sensitive to SFR variations larger than 1 dex. A more traditional SED fitting method using CIGALE is tested to achieve the same goal, based on fits comparisons through Bayesian Information Criterion but the best error rate obtained is higher, 28%. We apply our new method to the COSMOS galaxies sample. The stellar mass distribution of galaxies with a strong to decisive evidence against the smooth delayed-$τ$ SFH peaks at lower M* compared to galaxies where the smooth delayed-$τ$ SFH is preferred. We discuss the fact that this result does not come from any bias due to our training. Finally, we argue that flexible SFHs are needed to be able to cover that largest SFR-M* parameter space possible.
On the non metrizability of Berwald Finsler spacetimes
Creators: name: Fuster, Andrea
name: Heefer, Sjors
name: Pfeifer, Christian
name: Voicu, Nicoleta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether Szabo's metrizability theorem can be extended to Finsler spaces of indefinite signature. For smooth, positive definite Finsler metrics, this important theorem states that, if the metric is of Berwald type (i.e., its Chern-Rund connection defines an affine connection on the underlying manifold), then it is affinely equivalent to a Riemann space, meaning that its affine connection is the Levi-Civita connection of some Riemannian metric. We show for the first time that this result does not extend to Finsler spacetimes. More precisely, we find a large class of Berwald spacetimes for which the Ricci tensor of the affine connection is not symmetric. The fundamental difference from positive definite Finsler spaces that makes such an asymmetry possible, is the fact that generally, Finsler spacetimes satisfy certain smoothness properties only on a proper conic subset of the slit tangent bundle. Indeed, we prove that when the Finsler Lagrangian is smooth on the entire slit tangent bundle, the Ricci tensor must necessarily be symmetric. For large classes of Finsler spacetimes, however, the Berwald property does not imply that the affine structure is equivalent to the affine structure of a pseudo-Riemannian metric. Instead, the affine structure is that of metric-affine geometry with vanishing torsion.
description: 12 pages, contribution to the Special Issue "Finsler Modification of Classical General Relativity" in the Journal Universe
An Investigation into Methods of Garbage Handling at UBC
Creators: name: Chen, Andy
name: Khattra, Kamal
name: Kiesling, Jason
name: Lai, Andy
name: Lin, Roven
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Problems and Aspects of Energy-Driven Wavefunction Collapse Models
Creators: name: Pearle, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four problematic circumstances are considered, involving models which describe dynamical wavefunction collapse toward energy eigenstates, for which it is shown that wavefunction collapse of macroscopic objects does not work properly. In one case, a common particle position measuring situation, the apparatus evolves to a superposition of macroscopically distinguishable states (does not collapse to one of them as it should) because each such particle/apparatus/environment state has precisely the same energy spectrum. Second, assuming an experiment takes place involving collapse to one of two possible outcomes which is permanently recorded, it is shown in general that this can only happen in the unlikely case that the two apparatus states corresponding to the two outcomes have disjoint energy spectra. Next, the progressive narrowing of the energy spectrum due to the collapse mechanism is considered. This has the effect of broadening the time evolution of objects as the universe evolves. Two examples, one involving a precessing spin, the other involving creation of an excited state followed by its decay, are presented in the form of paradoxes. In both examples, the microscopic behavior predicted by standard quantum theory is significantly altered under energy-driven collapse, but this alteration is not observed by an apparatus when it is included in the quantum description. The resolution involves recognition that the statevector describing the apparatus does not collapse, but evolves to a superposition of macroscopically different states.
description: 17 pages
Assessing the Opportunities and Challenges in the Transition to Computer-Based Survey Data Collection: The Role of Key Software System Features
Creators: name: Sastry, Narayan
name: Axinn, William
name: De Jong, Julie
name: Ghimire, Dirgha
name: Treleaven, Emily
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: CAPI, Survey, India, Data Collection
subject: Social Sciences (General)
subject: Social Sciences

description: This report examines the opportunities and challenges associated with the adoption of computer-assisted interviewing (CAI) technology for data collection in household surveys in the Indian context, following a recent large-scale test of CAI in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The issues identified are highly relevant to the Government of Tamil Nadu’s (GOTN) ongoing work to convert state survey data collection operations to CAI. These issues are also more generally informative to the shift from paper-based questionnaire instruments to CAI technology for state governments throughout India. The Survey Research Center (SRC) at the University of Michigan has worked closely with a Tamil Nadu state government agency—the Department of Economics and Statistics—that is at the center of this shift to CAI. Based on this experience, and our background running major CAI surveys in the U.S., Nepal, China, and elsewhere, this report provides some broader context about CAI, key features to consider in the selection of CAI software platforms, issues in the management of CAI operations, and related topics. This report was prepared by SRC independently of GOTN, but in service of the GOTN’s work to expand CAI data collection.
NEVER PUT ALL OF YOUR EGGS INTO ONE BASKET ȃ AN OVERVIEW OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUES REFERRING TO CONCENTRATION RISK
NIGDY NIE WKŁADAJ WSZYSTKICH SWOICH JAJ DO JEDNEGO KOSZYKA ȃ PRZEGLĄD NAJWAŻNIEJSZYCH ZAGADNIEŃ ZWIĄZANYCH Z RYZYKIEM KONCENTRACJI
Creators: name: Adamowicz, Tomasz
name: Adamowicz, Tomasz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Risk
subject: concentration
subject: risk management
subject: banks
subject: banking system

description: The aim of this work is to present in a synthetic way the most important issues referring to concentration risk, especially to the credit concentration risk in banking. In view of the very broad scope of the term “concentration risk”, various definitions and subtypes of it will be presented at the beginning. In the next section, the basics of a properly established risk management in financial institutions will be presented, which also applies to this risk. In the case of risk management, a reliable measurement of its height is essential. The fourth part is devoted to it. The study results show that the risk of concentration, especially in banking, is probably the most important type of risk that requires the use of sound risk management process, because when managed improperly, the stability of the institution is at stake. The last part contains a list of key external policies and guidelines relating to concentration risk. The article uses the method of analysis of available publications – articles, guidelines and regulations - available in the field.
State of the marine environment along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast as indicated by acetylcholinesterase activity of Donax trunculus L.
Creators: name: Georgieva, Almira
name: Tsvetanova, Elina
name: Chipev, Nesho
name: Alexandrova, Albena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Donax trunculus, acetylcholinesterase activity, Black Sea coast, Bulgaria

description: The aim of the study was to assess changes in the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in wedge clams (Donax trunculus L.), gathered in July and September from shallow sublittoral sandy habitats at different locations along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. It is well established that inhibition of AChE in marine organisms is mainly caused by the neurotoxic effects of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides but recently it was found that a number of other chemical species have similar effects including heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, detergents etc. The activity of AChE in the soft body of the clams in our study showed considerable variation among the studied locations. The most significant AChE inhibition was present in clams from locations close to areas with intensive touristic and industrial activities, such as the big resorts Slunchev Bryag, Irakli and Primorsko. Significant seasonal differences in AChE activity were also established. Higher inhibition of AChE was present in the wedge clams gathered in summer than in autumn. Our results demonstrated for the first time the presence of significant ecotoxicological effects of anthropogenic pressures on the shallow sublittoral sandy habitats along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast where D. trunculus is a dominant species. Hence, this clam species appears to be a suitable bioindicator of marine environmental quality. Acknowledgements: This work was supported by grant КП-06-Н31/6 of National Science Fund, Bulgaria
BRICS + T? ȃ TURKEY, AS A POTENTIAL MEMBER OF THE ECONOMICǧGROWTH LEADING COUNTRIES
BRICS + T? TURCJA JAKO POTENCJALNY CZŁONEK GRUPY CZOŁOWYCH PAŃSTW ROZWIJAJĄCYCH SIĘ GOSPODARCZO
Creators: name: Fekete, Jozsef
name: Radics, Zsolt
name: Bujdoso, Zoltan
name: Fekete, Jozsef
name: Radics, Zsolt
name: Bujdoso, Zoltan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: BRICS
subject: N-11
subject: Turkish economy
subject: economic-growth leading countries

description: “Next Eleven” is a frequently mentioned phenomena which refers to the 11 countries where growth has slowed down. (N-11). These countries may be able to follow the model of the BRICs and in the decade of 2010s the map of the world economy is rearranging, making the distribution of income more equitable. The main purpose of this research is to show the increasing signiϐicance of the Turkish economy in a global level. Also, to explain the current and possible upcoming role of Turkey in the word’s economy. The research is based on the great variety of English-language papers and material on the topic. The presentation part about the different economic features is based on researches by economic institutions, organizations, general and statistical data submitted by economic and regional development plans. Turkey will soon face a dilemma. It has to be decided whether to strive at all costs to become the EU’s new southeastern member state, or as opposed to that, evolve in “isolation” (in cooperation with the BRICS) to become a similarly significant economic power in the Middle East like the Ottoman Empire?
Spacetime causality in the study of the Hankel transform
Creators: name: Burnol, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Hilbert space aspects of the Klein-Gordon equation in two-dimensional spacetime. We associate to its restriction to a spacelike wedge a scattering from the past light cone to the future light cone, which is then shown to be (essentially) the Hankel transform of order zero. We apply this to give a novel proof, solely based on the causality of this spatio-temporal wave propagation, of the theorem of de Branges and V. Rovnyak concerning Hankel pairs with a support property. We recover their isometric expansion as an application of Riemann's general method for solving Cauchy-Goursat problems of hyperbolic type.
description: 24 pages. Final ms, to appear. Improvements on pages 8 and 9, and 15-16
Project AMIGA: The Circumgalactic Medium of Andromeda
Creators: name: Lehner, Nicolas
name: Berek, Samantha C.
name: Howk, J. Christopher
name: Wakker, Bart P.
name: Tumlinson, Jason
name: Jenkins, Edward B.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Augustin, Ramona
name: Ji, Suoqing
name: Faucher-Giguere, Claude-Andre
name: Hafen, Zachary
name: Peeples, Molly S.
name: Barger, Kat A.
name: Berg, Michelle A.
name: Bordoloi, Rongmon
name: Brown, Thomas M.
name: Fox, Andrew J.
name: Gilbert, Karoline M.
name: Guhathakurta, Puragra
name: Kalirai, Jason S.
name: Lockman, Felix J.
name: O'Meara, John M.
name: Pisano, D. J.
name: Ribaudo, Joseph
name: Werk, Jessica K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Project AMIGA (Absorption Maps In the Gas of Andromeda) is a large ultraviolet Hubble Space Telescope program, which has assembled a sample of 43 QSOs that pierce the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of Andromeda (M31) from R=25 to 569 kpc (25 of them probing gas from 25 kpc to about the virial radius-Rvir = 300 kpc-of M31). Our large sample provides an unparalleled look at the physical conditions and distribution of metals in the CGM of a single galaxy using ions that probe a wide range of gas phases (Si II, Si III, Si IV, C II, C IV, and O VI, the latter being from the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer). We find that Si III and O VI have near unity covering factor maintained all the way out to 1.2Rvir and 1.9Rvir, respectively. We show that Si III is the dominant ion over Si II and Si IV at any R. While we do not find that the properties of the CGM of M31 depend strongly on the azimuth, we show that they change remarkably around 0.3-0.5Rvir, conveying that the inner regions of the CGM of M31 are more dynamic and have more complicated multi-phase gas-structures than at R>0.5Rvir. We estimate the metal mass of the CGM within Rvir as probed by Si II, Si III, and Si IV is 2x10^7 Msun and by O VI is >8x10^7 Msun, while the baryon mass of the 10^4-10^5.5 K gas is ~4x10^10 (Z/0.3 Zsun)^(-1) Msun within Rvir. We show that different zoom-in cosmological simulations of L* galaxies better reproduce the column density profile of O VI with R than Si III or the other studied ions. We find that observations of the M31 CGM and zoom-in simulations of L* galaxies have both lower ions showing higher column density dispersion and dependence on R than higher ions, indicating that the higher ionization structures are larger and/or more broadly distributed.
description: Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal. Comments welcome
Development & Validation of a Sensitive Oligomeric α-Synuclein Immunoassay
Creators: name: Jessie H.-T. Ni, Ph.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: α –synuclein
Parkinson's Disease
ELISA

description: Aggregated or oligomeric human α -synuclein protein instead of total α –synuclein may appear to be a more robust biomarker candidate for Parkinson’s disease, as it is the true toxic species inducing neuronal toxicity and cell death in PD. Here we described how we developed a sensitive and specific sandwich ELISA for measuring human α-synuclein aggregates (or oligomers) in biological fluids, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum, to aid the early diagnosis of PD and monitoring disease progression.
Studies on the enantiomers of dehydrorose oxide (4-methylene-2-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)oxane)
Creators: name: Takishima, Shunsuke
name: Fukui, Yasuhiro
name: Konishi, Shunsuke
name: Haraguchi, Kenji
name: Ohmori, Yuichiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: 4-methylene-2-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)oxane
dehydrorose oxide
optical resolution
Darjeeling black tea
Muscat-like aroma

description: Dehydrorose oxide (4-methylene-2-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)oxane) (DHRO) is mainly responsible for the Muscat-like aroma of Darjeeling black tea. To reveal the characteristics of the enantiomers in DHRO as flavour components, pure enantiomers of DHRO were obtained by optical resolution through chiral high-performance liquid chromatography. (R)-DHRO has green, metallic, and oily notes, whereas (S)-DHRO has a juicy Muscat-like aroma. The odour thresholds of both enantiomers are almost identical. In multidimensional chiral gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis, DHRO was identified as a racemate in Darjeeling black tea. When the enantiomers were added to a model black tea, (R)-DHRO enhanced the feeling of tea leaves, whereas (S)-DHRO enhanced the Muscat-like aroma.
A Molecular Hydrodynamic Theory of Supercooled Liquids and Colloidal Suspensions under Shear
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Kunimasa
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the conventional mode-coupling theory of supercooled liquids to systems under stationary shear flow. Starting from generalized fluctuating hydrodynamics, a nonlinear equation for the intermediate scattering function is constructed. We evaluate the solution numerically for a model of a two dimensional colloidal suspension and find that the structural relaxation time decreases as $\dotγ^{-ν}$ with an exponent $ν\leq 1$, where $\dotγ$ is the shear rate. The results are in qualitative agreement with recent molecular dynamics simulations. We discuss the physical implications of the results.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Religion, Parochialism and Intuitive Cooperation [Registered Report Stage 1 Protocol]
Creators: name: Isler, Ozan
name: Yilmaz, Onurcan
name: Maule, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140206 Experimental Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170111 Psychology of Religion

description: ABSTRACT: Religions promote cooperation but they can also be divisive. Religious identity, while signaling trustworthiness, provides opportunities for out-group discrimination. Although implicit distrust of atheists is widespread, it remains to be studied whether religious prejudices induce intuitive discrimination in actual cooperation behavior. Evidence supporting the social heuristics hypothesis (SHH) finds intuitive cooperation to be independent of group identity. We test this prediction for religious group identity in a one-shot prisoner’s dilemma game, where practicing Christian believers are paired either with a coreligionist or an atheist and where time-limits are used to increase reliance on either intuitive or deliberated decisions. We also explore an alternative dual-process account of cooperation, the self-control account (SCA), which suggests that visceral reactions tend to be selfish and that cooperation requires cognitive effort. While support for SHH indicates that cooperation is intuitive in general, suggestive evidence for SCA instead implies that intuitive cooperation may be parochial.
ITEMS: Stage 1 Registered Report Protocol
The Global Baroclinic Instability in Accretion Disks. II: Local Linear Analysis
Creators: name: Klahr, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper contains a local linear stability analysis for accretion disks under the influence of a global radial entropy gradient beta = - d log T / d log r for constant surface density. Numerical simulations suggested the existence of an instability in two- and three-dimensional models of the solar nebula. The present paper tries to clarify, quantify, and explain such a global baroclinic instability for two-dimensional flat accretion disk models. As a result linear theory predicts a transient linear instability that will amplify perturbations only for a limited time or up to a certain finite amplification. This can be understood as a result of the growth time of the instability being longer than the shear time which destroys the modes which are able to grow. So only non-linear effects can lead to a relevant amplification. Nevertheless, a lower limit on the entropy gradient ~beta = 0.22 for the transient linear instability is derived, which can be tested in future non-linear simulations. This would help to explain the observed instability in numerical simulations as an ultimate result of the transient linear instability, i.e. the Global Baroclinic Instability.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures; ApJ in press