cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional phase transitions in multiflavor lattice scalar SO(Nc) gauge theories
Creators: name: Bonati, Claudio
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phase diagram and finite-temperature transitions of three-dimensional scalar SO(Nc) gauge theories with Nf scalar flavors. These models are constructed starting from a maximally O(N)-symmetric multicomponent scalar model (N = Nc Nf), whose symmetry is partially gauged to obtain an SO(Nc) gauge theory, with O(Nf) or U(Nf) global symmetry for Nc > 2 or Nc = 2, respectively. These systems undergo finite-temperature transitions, where the global symmetry is broken. Their nature is discussed using the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson (LGW) approach, based on a gauge-invariant order parameter, and the continuum scalar SO(Nc) gauge theory. The LGW approach predicts that the transition is of first order for Nf > 2. For Nf = 2 the transition is predicted to be continuous: it belongs to the O(3) vector universality class for Nc=2 and to the XY universality class for any Nc > 2. We perform numerical simulations for Nc = 3 and Nf = 2,3. The numerical results are in agreement with the LGW predictions.
description: 9 pages, we corrected a few misprints of the published version
The Local Impact of Cattle Farming
Creators: name: Loughrey, Jason
name: O’Donoghue, Cathal
name: Meredith, David
name: Murphy, Ger
name: Shanahan, Ultan
name: Miller, Corina
name: Loughrey, Jason
name: O’Donoghue, Cathal
name: Meredith, David
name: Murphy, Ger
name: Shanahan, Ultan
name: Miller, Corina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: A motivation provided for the provision of substantial agricultural subsidies to low income farmers is that it is an effective mechanisms to transfer resources into poorer rural areas. In this study we look at the local impact of a low income farming sector, cattle farming in a typical cattle farming county in the West of Ireland, County Clare. The input-output analysis reveals that cattle farmers in the county purchase and sell approximately 80 per cent of their livestock within the county and rely upon Clare suppliers for almost 90 per cent of their inputs and overheads. We have examined the impact in particular of a reduction in the size of the herd as a direct consequence of requirements to meet national level greenhouse gas emissions targets. The overall impact of such policies is capable of reducing household income within Clare by €9.5 million.
Abstractive Snippet Generation
Creators: name: Chen, Wei-Fan
name: Syed, Shahbaz
name: Stein, Benno
name: Hagen, Matthias
name: Potthast, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An abstractive snippet is an originally created piece of text to summarize a web page on a search engine results page. Compared to the conventional extractive snippets, which are generated by extracting phrases and sentences verbatim from a web page, abstractive snippets circumvent copyright issues; even more interesting is the fact that they open the door for personalization. Abstractive snippets have been evaluated as equally powerful in terms of user acceptance and expressiveness---but the key question remains: Can abstractive snippets be automatically generated with sufficient quality? This paper introduces a new approach to abstractive snippet generation: We identify the first two large-scale sources for distant supervision, namely anchor contexts and web directories. By mining the entire ClueWeb09 and ClueWeb12 for anchor contexts and by utilizing the DMOZ Open Directory Project, we compile the Webis Abstractive Snippet Corpus 2020, comprising more than 3.5 million triples of the form $\langle$query, snippet, document$\rangle$ as training examples, where the snippet is either an anchor context or a web directory description in lieu of a genuine query-biased abstractive snippet of the web document. We propose a bidirectional abstractive snippet generation model and assess the quality of both our corpus and the generated abstractive snippets with standard measures, crowdsourcing, and in comparison to the state of the art. The evaluation shows that our novel data sources along with the proposed model allow for producing usable query-biased abstractive snippets while minimizing text reuse.
description: Accepted by WWW 2020
Unusual conductance collapse in one-dimensional quantum structures
Creators: name: Thomas, KJ
name: Sawkey, DL
name: Pepper, M
name: Tribe, WR
name: Farrer, I
name: Simmons, MY
name: Ritchie, DA
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an unusual insulating state in one-dimensional quantum wires with a non-uniform confinement potential. The wires consist of a series of closely spaced split gates in high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures. At certain combinations of wire widths, the conductance abruptly drops over three orders of magnitude, to zero on a linear scale. Two types of collapse are observed, one occurring in multi-subband wires in zero magnetic field and one in single subband wires in an in-plane field. The conductance of the wire in the collapse region is thermally activated with an energy of the order of 1 K. At low temperatures, the conductance shows a steep rise beyond a threshold DC source-drain voltage of order 1 mV, indicative of a gap in the density of states. Magnetic depopulation measurements show a decrease in the carrier density with lowering temperature. We discuss these results in the context of many-body effects such as charge density waves and Wigner crystallization in quantum wires.
description: 5 pages, 5 eps figures, revtex
THE CONTROL OF CELLULAR GENE EXPRESSION BY A UNIQUE TUMOR VIRAL SEQUENCE: CONSTRUCTION OF MODEL REGULATORY SYSTEM BY RECOMBINANT-DNA METHODOLOGY AND THE EFFECT OF INSERTED ENHANCER-PROMOTER SEQUENCES ON HOST CELLULAR GENES (PLTR, PAAP)
Creators: name: Al-Awadi, Ahlam A.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The DNA recombinant technology methods employed in this study, allowed the probing of the human genome for the presence of retroviral sequences. This dissertation describes a technique using a mini-plasmid, (pi)VX, as a probe to detect retroviral homologous sequences in a manner than had been successfully utilized to detect hemoglobin genes in a (lamda) phase library containing the cloned human genomic information. To accomplish this procedure, a method was developed to prepare (pi)VX in a purified form. A novel method for augmenting the yields of the mini-plasmid, (pi)VX, is also described. A human Alu-repeated-ubiquitous sequence was isolated and cloned into the mini-plasmid (pi)VX to make a unique recombinant construct, (pi)BLUR, which was a successful probe to detect Alu homologous regions in a human genome cloned into the lambda library. The detection was, in human genome cloned into the lambda library. The detection was, in fact, quite species specific and did not recognize mouse homologous Alu sequences in a mouse-human hybrid library. Having successfully detected reiterated repeat sequences using the (pi)BLUR as a model system indicated the feasibility of using this procedure to probe for LTR-retroviral-like sequences in the human genome. The LTR is notable for its enhancer activity and its necessity to induce malignant transformation. The Murine Sarcoma Virus (MSV) LTR region was isolated and subcloned into a plasmid and further cloned into the (pi)VX mini-plasmid and used to probe the human genome contained in a phage library. This mini-plasmid construct ((pi)LTR) was able to detect a comparable homologous sequence not only in a human placental DNA containing library, but also in human genomic libraries derived from pancreatic and colonic tumors as well. This unique finding of a human LTR-retroviral element in the human DNA is consistent with it being introduced by either (a) an exogenous human retrovirus or (b) an endogenous route through the heritable course of evolution, since such sequences are commonly known to occur in other mammalian genomic species.
Quantum link invariant from the Lie superalgebra D(2,1,alpha)
Creators: name: Patureau-Mirand, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 17B37, 57M27

description: The usual construction of link invariants from quantum groups applied to the superalgebra D_{2 1,alpha} is shown to be trivial. One can modify this construction to get a two variable invariant. Unusually, this invariant is additive with respect to connected sum or disjoint union. This invariant contains an infinity of Vassiliev invariants that are not seen by the quantum invariants coming from Lie algebras (so neither by the colored HOMFLY-PT nor by the colored Kauffman polynomials).
description: This is the version published by Algebraic & Geometric Topology on 12 March 2006
The Agri-Environmental Knowledge Innovation System for Water Quality Improvement
Creators: name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: Ryan, Mary
name: Kilcline, Kevin
name: Daly, Karen
name: Fenton, Owen
name: Heanue, Kevin
name: Kingston, Suzanne
name: Sherry, Jenny Mac
name: Murphy, Pat
name: O’Hora, Denis
name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: Ryan, Mary
name: Kilcline, Kevin
name: Daly, Karen
name: Fenton, Owen
name: Heanue, Kevin
name: Kingston, Suzanne
name: Sherry, Jenny Mac
name: Murphy, Pat
name: O’Hora, Denis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Knowledge and Innovation System
subject: Agriculture

description: In this paper we have taken an Innovation Systems approach to examine the structure and function of the Irish Agri-Environmental Knowledge and Innovation System with the aim of improving water quality in Ireland. Utilising a methodology due to Hekkert et al., (2007), we described and analysed the Innovation System under a number of headings, particularly focusing on specific incentives and features. A key part in changing the regulatory or public incentive system is to change the behaviour not only of the farmers but also of the policy makers to facilitate the movement to a more localised approach. The fundamental message of this paper is that improving a complex local environmental externality • Requires local solutions and information and incentives • Taking an Innovation System perspective to the problem solution • Means that changing the behaviour of farmers may involve changing the behaviour of others upstream within the innovation system, requiring an examination of their incentives and motivations • Local information is necessary to facilitate local decisions • While solutions are local, one must by mindful of transaction costs. Where transaction costs higher than the cost of implementation locally, then it may make sense to focus on less targeted measures, particularly in areas with lower risk.
Streptocarpus ionanthus subsp. velutinus Christenh. 2012, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Gesneriaceae
Streptocarpus
Streptocarpus ionanthus
Streptocarpus ionanthus subsp. velutinus (b.l.burtt) christenh.

description: Streptocarpus ionanthus subsp. velutinus (B.L.Burtt) Christenh., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Saintpaulia velutina Burtt (1958: 563).
 Type: TANZANIA. Lushoto Distr.: W Usambara Mts, Balangai, 8 km from Sakarre, November 1955, Punter ref. D, comm. Barker s.n., cultivated at R. B. G. Edinburgh, C1579 (holotype E!, isotype E!).
 Homotypic synonyms: Saintpaulia ionantha subsp. velutina (B.L.Burtt) I.Darbysh.
 Heterotypic synonym: Saintpaulia brevipilosa B.L.Burtt
description: Published as part of Christenhusz, Maarten J. M., 2012, On African violets and Cape primroses-towards a monophyletic Streptocarpus (Gesneriaceae), pp. 3-9 in Phytotaxa 46 on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.46.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4814794
The effects of exercise on eating, sleeping, and wellbeing
Creators: name: Blackburn, Lauren
name: Gaudette, Melissa
name: Gooderham, Kyle
name: Heys, Katie
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The goal of this research is to tie physical health and psychological health together to contribute to a holistic model of health. To examine the relationship between eating and sleeping habits and wellbeing, we conducted a survey of University of British Columbia (UBC) students measuring these three constructs in addition to several control and demographic variables, including exercise habits and living arrangements. Students were approached in public areas on the UBC’s Vancouver campus and asked to fill out an online survey. The results found that exercise habits had unexpectedly significant correlations with aspects of eating and sleeping habits, as well as wellbeing. Exercise behaviours were also shown to be more significant than either sleeping or eating habits to wellbeing scores by a multiple regression, leading us to conclude that exercise could be a very important contributor to both physical and psychological wellbeing. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Paving the way for Distributed Non-Blocking Algorithms and Data Structures in the Partitioned Global Address Space
Creators: name: Dewan, Garvit
name: Jenkins, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The partitioned global address space has bridged the gap between shared and distributed memory, and with this bridge comes the ability to adapt shared memory concepts, such as non-blocking programming, to distributed systems such as supercomputers. To enable non-blocking algorithms, we present ways to perform scalable atomic operations on objects in remote memory via remote direct memory address and pointer compression. As a solution to the problem of concurrent-safe reclamation of memory in a distributed system, we adapt Epoch-Based Memory Reclamation to distributed memory and implement it in such a way to support global-view programming. This construct is designed and implemented for the Chapel programming language, but can be adapted and generalized to work on other languages and libraries.
Observation of macroscopic Landau-Zener transitions in a superconducting device
Creators: name: Izmalkov, A.
name: Grajcar, M.
name: Il'ichev, E.
name: Oukhanski, N.
name: Wagner, Th.
name: Meyer, H. -G.
name: Krech, W.
name: Amin, M. H. S.
name: Brink, Alec Maassen van den
name: Zagoskin, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-level system traversing a level anticrossing has a small probability to make a so-called Landau-Zener (LZ) transition between its energy bands, in deviation from simple adiabatic evolution. This effect takes on renewed relevance due to the observation of quantum coherence in superconducting qubits (macroscopic "Schrodinger cat" devices). We report an observation of LZ transitions in an Al three-junction qubit coupled to a Nb resonant tank circuit.
description: REVTeX4, 4pp., 4 EPS figures. v2: clarifications added; final, to appear in EPL
Streptocarpus teitensis Christenh. 2012, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Gesneriaceae
Streptocarpus
Streptocarpus teitensis

description: Streptocarpus teitensis (B.L.Burtt) Christenh., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Saintpaulia teitensis Burtt (1958: 559).
 Lectotype (selected by Darbyshire 2006): KENYA. Teita: Mbololo Hill, in forest near water, October 1938, Boy Joanna, Coryndon Museum no. 8982 (K! sheet 2, duplicates EA, K! sheet 3).
description: Published as part of Christenhusz, Maarten J. M., 2012, On African violets and Cape primroses-towards a monophyletic Streptocarpus (Gesneriaceae), pp. 3-9 in Phytotaxa 46 on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.46.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4814794
Comparative Study of Some Mechanical Properties of Hybrid Polymeric Composites Prepared by using Friction Stir Processing
Creators: name: Oleiwi, Jawad K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 91209 Polymers and Plastics

description: In this study, it was investigated the effect of adding (graphite, Alumina (Al2O3) and Copper (Cu)) micro particles with different volumetric fractions (0, 2, 4 and 6%) as reinforcement materials into the binary polymeric blend consist of (85% high density polyethylene (HDPE):15% polyvinyl chloride (PVC)) as a matrix material to produce hybrid composite of polymeric materials through friction stir processing (FSP) technique. The results of mechanical tests showed that as the reinforcement powders were introduced to the matrix material, led to enhancements in each of the flexural strength, flexural modulus, and maximum shear stress. where it was increased by (38, 43 and 48 %) respectively. While impact strength and fracture toughnessdecrease by the ratio (6 and 20%) respectively. So, in this work, the volumetric fractions of powders added to the polymer surface was determined by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). As well as, the results of the prepared samples, it was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometers (FTIR) test andMorphology test.
Market power in the German dairy supply chain
Creators: name: Grau, Aaron
name: Grau, Aaron
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Industrial Organization
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The German dairy supply chain is one of the most important agrifood supply chains in Germany. In 2015, raw milk production accounted for 19.2% of the total domestic agricultural production value and dairy products summed up 8.0% of total German agrifood exports. Nevertheless, the economic success of the supply chain is overshadowed by reports on market power abused by dairies and retailers. Fueled by complaints of dairy farmers and dairies on non-competitive behavior of downstream supply chain agents, the German anti-trust agency conducted a sector analysis between 2008 and 2012. In its final report the anti-trust agency acknowledged the threat of oligopsony power at both markets, raw milk and dairy output market, but could not find any evidence. Thus, the main premise of the presented work is to empirically investigate the German dairy supply chain for the existence of oligopsony power at the raw milk and dairy product market. Three approaches, structure-conduct-performance paradigm (SCPP), new empirical industrial organization (NEIO), and asymmetric price transmission (APT), are revised and their suitability for the empirical application discussed. The theory review shows that none of the discussed approaches provide a model that fits the structure of the German dairy supply chain of oligopsonistic threat on two vertically integrated markets. Additional characteristics of the theoretical frameworks limit their suitability for the study further. Either the data requirements are high and the models highly complex, like in the case of NEIO, but an index of market power can be measured, or the data requirements are rather low and the theoretic models rather simple, like in the case of APT, but market power or its extent are not clearly identified. Consequently, a modification of one of the approaches is not sufficient and a new theoretical model merging aspects of NEIO and APT had to be developed. [...]
Two-dimensional spectroscopy of Rydberg gases
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Kaustav
name: Goswami, Himangshu Prabal
name: Whitlock, Shannon
name: Wüster, Sebastian
name: Eisfeld, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) spectroscopy uses multiple electromagnetic pulses to infer the properties of a complex system. A paradigmatic class of target systems are molecular aggregates, for which one can obtain information on the eigenstates, various types of static and dynamic disorder and on relaxation processes. However, two-dimensional spectra can be difficult to interpret without precise knowledge of how the signal components relate to microscopic Hamiltonian parameters and system-bath interactions. Here we show that two-dimensional spectroscopy can be mapped in the microwave domain to highly controllable Rydberg quantum simulators. By porting 2D spectroscopy to Rydberg atoms, we firstly open the possibility of its experimental quantum simulation, in a case where parameters and interactions are very well known. Secondly, the technique may provide additional handles for experimental access to coherences between system states and the ability to discriminate different types of decoherence mechanisms in Rydberg gases. We investigate the requirements for a specific implementation utilizing multiple phase coherent microwave pulses and a phase cycling technique to isolate signal components.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures
Investigation of Flexural Strength and Impact Strength of Binary Polymer Blends Fabricated by Friction Stir Processing
Creators: name: Oleiwi, Jawad K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 91209 Polymers and Plastics

description: In the past few years, there has been an increase in the demand for polymer blends to obtain the desired properties that it could not obtain from individual polymer. And to obtain surface or local polymer blends and in a specific place on the surface of the matrix for the purpose of improving the different characteristics required and according to the specific use, an attempt was made to manufacture binary polymers blends [(HDPE:PVC), (HDPE:PP) and (HDPE:SAN)] by using the friction stir processing (FSP) method on the surface of the matrix ( HDPE ) at depth 3 mm from the surface and with different percentages (10, 15, 20 and 25 %) for each of (PVC),(SAN), (PP) polymeric materials added to the matrix (HDPE). From the mechanical tests which included bending and impact tests it was obtained values indicating a marked increase in mechanical properties at percentages (85% and 34%) from the results achieved for the polymer blends (85%HDPE: 15%PP) and (85% HDPE: 15 % PVC) Respectively. Based on the results obtained, and this demonstrate the success of the FSP method to preparation of different polymer blends and most of these polymers have high efficiency and without have any internal or external defects.
Stand-alone garbage bins negligible impact on litter quantity in auditoriums
Creators: name: Austria, Denzel Ace
name: Badrnejad, Shahrzad
name: Chourkittisopon, Chouvalit
name: Nasato, Alison
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Litter, in its simplest form, is trash of any type thrown where it does not belong. This experiment examined the relationship between stand-alone garbage bin placement and littering behavior in large auditoriums. If garbage bins are removed from auditoriums is there a littering problem? The locations of the stand-alone garbage bins were manipulated in three conditions, bins outside, bins inside and a control condition in the form of no bins. Ultimately, this study finds that standalone garbage bins did not have an impact on the quantity of litter left in auditoriums. Marginally significant results indicate that stand-alone garbage cans inside of auditoriums may have a detrimental effect on food scrap removal, and so opens up a wealth of possibility for future research. In addition, the data that was acquired provides comprehensive and practical implications that create a thought-provoking foundation that can be used for additional investigation by UBC Sustainability. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
THE CONTROL OF CELLULAR GENE EXPRESSION BY A UNIQUE TUMOR VIRAL SEQUENCE: CONSTRUCTION OF MODEL REGULATORY SYSTEM BY RECOMBINANT-DNA METHODOLOGY AND THE EFFECT OF INSERTED ENHANCER-PROMOTER SEQUENCES ON HOST CELLULAR GENES (PLTR, PAAP)
Creators: name: Al-Awadi, Ahlam A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The DNA recombinant technology methods employed in this study, allowed the probing of the human genome for the presence of retroviral sequences. This dissertation describes a technique using a mini-plasmid, (pi)VX, as a probe to detect retroviral homologous sequences in a manner than had been successfully utilized to detect hemoglobin genes in a (lamda) phase library containing the cloned human genomic information. To accomplish this procedure, a method was developed to prepare (pi)VX in a purified form. A novel method for augmenting the yields of the mini-plasmid, (pi)VX, is also described. A human Alu-repeated-ubiquitous sequence was isolated and cloned into the mini-plasmid (pi)VX to make a unique recombinant construct, (pi)BLUR, which was a successful probe to detect Alu homologous regions in a human genome cloned into the lambda library. The detection was, in human genome cloned into the lambda library. The detection was, in fact, quite species specific and did not recognize mouse homologous Alu sequences in a mouse-human hybrid library. Having successfully detected reiterated repeat sequences using the (pi)BLUR as a model system indicated the feasibility of using this procedure to probe for LTR-retroviral-like sequences in the human genome. The LTR is notable for its enhancer activity and its necessity to induce malignant transformation. The Murine Sarcoma Virus (MSV) LTR region was isolated and subcloned into a plasmid and further cloned into the (pi)VX mini-plasmid and used to probe the human genome contained in a phage library. This mini-plasmid construct ((pi)LTR) was able to detect a comparable homologous sequence not only in a human placental DNA containing library, but also in human genomic libraries derived from pancreatic and colonic tumors as well. This unique finding of a human LTR-retroviral element in the human DNA is consistent with it being introduced by either (a) an exogenous human retrovirus or (b) an endogenous route through the heritable course of evolution, since such sequences are commonly known to occur in other mammalian genomic species.
Measurement and reduction of food loss and waste: Reconsidered
Creators: name: Koester, Ulrich
name: Loy, Jens-Peter
name: Ren, Yanjun
name: Koester, Ulrich
name: Loy, Jens-Peter
name: Ren, Yanjun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty

description: The number of recent publications on food loss and waste, and policy initiatives of governments and international organizations indicate the high priority of this topic. With this in mind, the methodology to measure food loss and waste has important implications for policy recommendations. The authors of this IAMO Policy Brief state that the many individual studies use different methodologies to quantify the size of waste with respect to metric measures and value for individual products and for the aggregate of food loss and waste. Most studies do not consider the costs incurred by reducing or redirecting food loss and waste. A recent publication has taken up the methodological problem (Bellamare et al.,2017). The authors of this IAMO Policy Brief investigate whether the proposed methodology solves the problem and can contribute to designing a rational policy to manage food loss and waste.
Best Practices and Areas of Improvement in Child Death Review: A qualitative analysis to inform policy change in Illinois
Creators: name: Harris, Sonia
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: child abuse
subject: neglect
subject: child death review
subject: Illinois
subject: child fatality
subject: cause of death
subject: Child Mortality
subject: Child Abuse
subject: Qualitative Research
subject: Illinois Territory

description: Background: Child Death Review teams (CDRTs) emerged as a professional response to rising public awareness of child abuse and maltreatment. CDRTs are multidisciplinary groups that review data on child fatality and make reports to inform prevention initiatives in communities. In Illinois, child death review is mandated to review only deaths of children age 17 and younger if the child was a ward of the Department of Children and Family Services (DCFS), involved in a pending investigation, or whose death was reported to the DCFS hotline due to suspicion of abuse and neglect. Objective: This study aimed to establish understanding of best practices and areas of improvement in child death review in order to inform policy recommendations for Illinois.  Methods: 21 professionals who serve on child death review teams agreed to participate in this qualitative research study. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured open-ended format. Interviews were transcribed and then hand coded for recurring themes, similarities, and differences among participants. Results: Participants included child abuse pediatricians (n=2), state child death review coordinators (n=4), nurses (n=3), leaders at the Department of Children and Family Services (n=2), therapists (n=3), public health workers (n=4) and social workers (3). Participants identified procedural strengths that improved their review process, emphasized the importance of collaboration, and mentioned that when teams have non-adversarial discussions they are most successful. Participants identified education and the lack of data, legislation and funding as areas of improvement. Unanimously, participants were in support of a comprehensive child death review program where deaths from all causes are reviewed.  Conclusion: Respondents of this study identified strengths, best practices, areas for improvement, and unanimously agreed that a comprehensive child death review model whereby all child deaths are reviewed best supports the prevention of future child deaths. Reviewing all child deaths of all causes centers the CDRT on prevention, which allows for greater focus on the leading causes of death and more specific prevention interventions. Illinois would benefit from adopting this comprehensive model to discover accurate trends regarding patterns of death in the communities.
Phase separation in the bosonic Hubbard model with ring exchange
Creators: name: Rousseau, V.
name: Batrouni, G. G.
name: Scalettar, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that soft core bosons in two dimensions with a ring exchange term exhibit a tendency for phase separation. This observation suggests that the thermodynamic stability of normal bose liquid phases driven by ring exchange should be carefully examined.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
DEVELOPMENT WITH UNLIMITED SUPPLIES OF IMPORTED LABOR: A CASE STUDY OF THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
Creators: name: Arafat, Fadel Hasan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Saudi Arabia is self-described as a "capital-rich" but "labor-short" country. The Kingdom has chosen to correct this imbalance in its factor endowment by depending for development on imported labor. This study provides a critical analysis of the Kingdom's strategy and its impact on economic and social development, especially the development of indigenous human resources. The study finds that, in recent years, Saudi economic development has become almost completely dependent on imported labor, both skilled and unskilled. This has precipitated a drastic decline in the participation of Saudi labor in the development process through productive employment, a phenomenal increase in the proportion of Saudis who became state-dependent, and a rise of a dual labor-market segregated by the nationality of workers. A distict feature of Saudi modern development is that the rural sector, which contributes about one percent to the GDP, still retains over 50 percent of the indigenous labor force. Close to 90 percent of the workers in the modern sector, however, are expatriates. Rather than augment the indigenous labor force, imported labor has generally been substituted for it. These patterns of flow and allocation of labor are viewed as an outcome of the interaction between market variables (demand, supply and wages) and government policies and institutions. The model depicts an "open" economy with a perfectly-elastic, foreign-dominated supply curve of labor. Wages are determined by the supply prices of imported labor, influenced primarily by the wages prevailing in the exporting countries. The main hypothesis is that the availability of unlimited supplies of cheap, mainly unskilled, migrant labor, has kept market real wages constant at relatively low levels. At the same time, the welfare-oriented income distribution policies of the government tended to raise the supply prices of the unskilled majority of Saudi labor above market wages. The effect was to withdraw Saudi labor from industry, to increase unproductive employment, and to preserve the traditional sector with its massive surplus of Saudi labor. It is concluded that the Kingdom has failed to achieve its stated goal of developing its human resources. Whatever economic development that was achieved has primarily been at the expense of real social development.
The Semi-Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Vianna, Reinaldo O.
name: Rabelo, Wilson R. M.
name: Monken, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the performance of the Search and Fourier Transform algorithms on a hybrid computer constituted of classical and quantum processors working together. We show that this semi-quantum computer would be an improvement over a pure classical architecture, no matter how few qubits are available and, therefore, it suggests an easier implementable technology than a pure quantum computer with arbitrary number of qubits.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; final version: International Journal of Quantum Information, 1,2(2003)279-288
Fibre inflation and precision CMB data
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sukannya
name: Dutta, Koushik
name: Gangopadhyay, Mayukh Raj
name: Maharana, Anshuman
name: Singh, Kajal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generic features of models of inflation obtained from string compactifications are the correlations between the model parameters and the postinflationary evolution of the universe. Thus, the postinflationary evolution depends on the inflationary model parameters and accurate inflationary predictions require that this be incorporated in the evolution of the primordial spectrum. The fibre inflation model is a promising model of inflation constructed in type IIB string theory. This model has two interesting features in its postinflationary evolution. The reheating temperature of the model is directly correlated with the model parameters. The model also necessarily predicts some dark radiation, which can be sizable for certain choices of discrete parameters in the model. We analyze this model in detail using publicly available codes - ModeChord and CosmoMC with the latest Planck+BICEP2/Keck array data to constrain the model parameters and $N_{\rm pivot}$ (the number of $e$-foldings between horizon exit of the CMB pivot mode and the end of inflation). We also carry out the same analysis using the publicly available code Cobaya. We find the results of both the analysis to be in agreement. Our analysis provides the basic methods necessary to extract precise inflationary prediction in string models incorporating correlations between model parameters and postinflationary evolution.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures; new analysis added, minor changes; matches the version published in PRD
Omphalanthus filiformis var. platycoleus Gradst. 2013, comb. et stat. nov.
Creators: name: Gradstein, S. Robbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Omphalanthus
Omphalanthus filiformis
Omphalanthus filiformis var. platycoleus (herzog) gradst.

description: Omphalanthus filiformis var. platycoleus (Herzog) Gradst. comb. et stat. nov.
 Basionym:— Omphalanthus platycoleus Herzog, Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veget. 57: 171, 1955 (Herzog 1955). Type:— COLOMBIA. Dept. Cauca: Cordillera Occidental, San Antonio, 1922, leg. Pennell & Killip 7301 (holotype JE).
 Ξ Omphalanthus filiformis var. platycoleus (Herzog) Malonek, J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 93: 23, 2003 (Gradstein et al. 2003a) nom. inval. (Art. 33.2; basionym not cited).
description: Published as part of Gradstein, S. Robbert, 2013, Notes on Early Land Plants Today. 22. New combinations and new synonymy in Omphalanthus and Aureolejeunea (Lejeuneaceae, Marchantiophyta), pp. 45-47 in Phytotaxa 76 (3) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.76.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/4814928
A computational weighted finite difference method for American and barrier options in subdiffusive Black-Scholes model
Creators: name: Krzyżanowski, Grzegorz
name: Magdziarz, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.8; G.3
subject: 65M22, 91G20, 91G60

description: Subdiffusion is a well established phenomenon in physics. In this paper we apply the subdiffusive dynamics to analyze financial markets. We focus on the financial aspect of time fractional diffusion model with moving boundary i.e. American and barrier option pricing in the subdiffusive Black-Scholes (B-S) model. Two computational methods for valuing American options in the considered model are proposed - the weighted finite difference (FD) and the Longstaff-Schwartz method. In the article it is also shown how to valuate numerically wide range of barrier options using the FD approach.
DEVELOPMENT WITH UNLIMITED SUPPLIES OF IMPORTED LABOR: A CASE STUDY OF THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA
Creators: name: Arafat, Fadel Hasan
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Saudi Arabia is self-described as a "capital-rich" but "labor-short" country. The Kingdom has chosen to correct this imbalance in its factor endowment by depending for development on imported labor. This study provides a critical analysis of the Kingdom's strategy and its impact on economic and social development, especially the development of indigenous human resources. The study finds that, in recent years, Saudi economic development has become almost completely dependent on imported labor, both skilled and unskilled. This has precipitated a drastic decline in the participation of Saudi labor in the development process through productive employment, a phenomenal increase in the proportion of Saudis who became state-dependent, and a rise of a dual labor-market segregated by the nationality of workers. A distict feature of Saudi modern development is that the rural sector, which contributes about one percent to the GDP, still retains over 50 percent of the indigenous labor force. Close to 90 percent of the workers in the modern sector, however, are expatriates. Rather than augment the indigenous labor force, imported labor has generally been substituted for it. These patterns of flow and allocation of labor are viewed as an outcome of the interaction between market variables (demand, supply and wages) and government policies and institutions. The model depicts an "open" economy with a perfectly-elastic, foreign-dominated supply curve of labor. Wages are determined by the supply prices of imported labor, influenced primarily by the wages prevailing in the exporting countries. The main hypothesis is that the availability of unlimited supplies of cheap, mainly unskilled, migrant labor, has kept market real wages constant at relatively low levels. At the same time, the welfare-oriented income distribution policies of the government tended to raise the supply prices of the unskilled majority of Saudi labor above market wages. The effect was to withdraw Saudi labor from industry, to increase unproductive employment, and to preserve the traditional sector with its massive surplus of Saudi labor. It is concluded that the Kingdom has failed to achieve its stated goal of developing its human resources. Whatever economic development that was achieved has primarily been at the expense of real social development.
An efficient quantum filter for multiphoton states
Creators: name: Lim, Yuan Liang
name: Beige, Almut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme for implementing a multipartite quantum filter that uses entangled photons as a resource. It is shown that the success probability for the 2-photon parity filter can be as high as 1/2, which is the highest that has so far been predicted without the help of universal two-qubit quantum gates. Furthermore, the required number of ancilla photons is the least of all current parity filter proposals. Remarkably, the quantum filter operates with probability 1/2 even in the N-photon case, irregardless of the number of photons in the input state.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, revised version, accepted for publication in J. Mod. Opt
The layered phase of anisotropic gauge theories: A model for topological insulators
Creators: name: Nicolis, Stam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators are materials where current does not flow through the bulk, but along the boundaries, only. They are of particular practical importance, since it is considerably more difficult, by ``conventional'' means, to affect their transport properties, than for the case of conventional materials. They are, thus, particularly robust to perturbations. One way to accomplish such changes is by engineering defects. The defects that have been the most studied are domain walls; however flux compactifications can, also, work. We recall the domain wall construction and compare it to the construction from flux compactification. A particular way of engineering the presence of such defects is by introducing anisotropic couplings for the gauge fields. In this case a new phase appears, where matter is confined along layers and local degrees of freedom cannot propagate through the bulk. It is, also, possible to take into account the ``backreaction'' of the dynamics of the gauge fields on the defects and find that a new phase, the layered phase, where, while transport of local degrees of freedom is confined to surfaces, the topological properties can propagate through the bulk, constituting an example of anomaly flow. The anisotropy itself can be understood as emerging from a particular Maxwell--dilaton coupling.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX, many figures. Uses utphys for the references. Written version of the contribution to the Workshop on Lattice Field Theories and Condensed Matter Physics, part of the International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics, Kolymbari, August 2019. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1010.5281 v2: Typos corrected, references added, discussion of layered phase expanded
GLUCOCORTICOID RESISTANCE IN MAN AND NEW WORLD PRIMATES (RECEPTOR, INSENSITIVITY, PROGESTERONE, ESTROGEN, MINERALOCORTICOID)
Creators: name: Brandon, David Dwight
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Target organ resistance to glucocorticoids occurs as a rare familial syndrome in man and in many New World primates. In man, the disorder is characterized by increased plasma and urinary free cortisol, resistance to adrenal suppression by dexamethasone and absence of stigmata of Cushing's syndrome. Hypertension and hypokalemic alkalosis may be present due to increased biosynthesis of sodium-retaining corticoids. New World primates have increased plasma and urinary free cortisol concentrations, and exhibit marked resistance to adrenal suppression by dexamethasone with no physiologic evidence of glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid excess. Characteristics of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) were studied in patients with the syndrome and in New World primates for alteration(s) that might explain their insensitivity to glucocorticoids. In several whole cell assays mononuclear leukocytes (MNL), cultured skin fibroblasts (SF), and Epstein-Barr virus transformed lymphocytes (TL) , the GR from a severely affected patient had low affinity for dexamethasone. Concentrations of GR were normal in MNL and SF. Induction of GR, which normally occurs during Epstein-Barr viral transformation, was diminished in B-lymphocytes from patients. Activation in vivo and nuclear content of GR were decreased in TL from the severely affected patient. Several properties of the GR (thermolability, mero-receptor formation and molecular mass) from TL of these patients, however, were normal. The GR of New World primates had low affinity for dexamethasone explaining the absence of pathophysiologic effects associated with glucocorticoid excess. The kidney aldosterone receptor, on the other hand, cross-reacted poorly with cortisol, explaining the lack of excess mineralocorticoid effect. Target tissues (MNL and SF) of the squirrel monkey had normal concentrations of GR when compared to Old World primates. Studies of TL from the marmoset, another New World primate, showed that GR induction, activation in vitro and nuclear content were all decreased. Since New World primates also have elevated concentrations of progesterone, estrogen, androgen and aldosterone without any pathophysiologic consequences, generalized steroid hormone resistance is implied. In these species, compensatory decreases in receptor concentrations for these steroids occur.