cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Robust subgroup discovery
Creators: name: Proença, Hugo Manuel
name: Grünwald, Peter
name: Bäck, Thomas
name: van Leeuwen, Matthijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the problem of robust subgroup discovery, i.e., finding a set of interpretable descriptions of subsets that 1) stand out with respect to one or more target attributes, 2) are statistically robust, and 3) non-redundant. Many attempts have been made to mine either locally robust subgroups or to tackle the pattern explosion, but we are the first to address both challenges at the same time from a global modelling perspective. First, we formulate the broad model class of subgroup lists, i.e., ordered sets of subgroups, for univariate and multivariate targets that can consist of nominal or numeric variables, including traditional top-1 subgroup discovery in its definition. This novel model class allows us to formalise the problem of optimal robust subgroup discovery using the Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle, where we resort to optimal Normalised Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian encodings for nominal and numeric targets, respectively. Second, finding optimal subgroup lists is NP-hard. Therefore, we propose SSD++, a greedy heuristic that finds good subgroup lists and guarantees that the most significant subgroup found according to the MDL criterion is added in each iteration. In fact, the greedy gain is shown to be equivalent to a Bayesian one-sample proportion, multinomial, or t-test between the subgroup and dataset marginal target distributions plus a multiple hypothesis testing penalty. Furthermore, we empirically show on 54 datasets that SSD++ outperforms previous subgroup discovery methods in terms of quality, generalisation on unseen data, and subgroup list size.
description: For associated code, see https://github.com/HMProenca/RuleList ; submitted to Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery Journal
The International Linear Collider
Creators: name: Barish, Barry
name: Brau, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we describe the key features of the recently completed technical design for the International Linear Collider (ILC), a 200-500 GeV linear electron-positron collider (expandable to 1 TeV) that is based on 1.3 GHz superconducting radio-frequency (SCRF) technology. The machine parameters and detector characteristics have been chosen to complement the Large Hadron Collider physics, including the discovery of the Higgs boson, and to further exploit this new particle physics energy frontier with a precision instrument. The linear collider design is the result of nearly twenty years of R&D, resulting in a mature conceptual design for the ILC project that reflects an international consensus. We summarize the physics goals and capability of the ILC, the enabling R&D and resulting accelerator design, as well as the concepts for two complementary detectors. The ILC is technically ready to be proposed and built as a next generation lepton collider, perhaps to be built in stages beginning as a Higgs factory.
description: 41 pages
On Possibilities of High Precision Fundamental Physics Experiments in Spin-Transparent Storage Rings of Low Energy Polarized Electron Beams
Creators: name: Suleiman, R.
name: Morozov, V. S.
name: Derbenev, Ya. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new design of highly specialized small storage rings for low energy polarized electron beams. The new design is based on the transparent spin methodology that cancels the spin precession due to the magnetic dipole moment at any energy while allowing for spin precession induced by the fundamental physics of interest to accumulate. The buildup of the vertical component of beam polarization can be measured using standard Mott Polarimetry that is optimal at low electron energy. Systematic uncertainties are suppressed using counter-rotating bunched beams with various polarization orientations. These rings can be used to directly measure the permanent electric dipole moment of the electron, relevant to CP violation and matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe, and to search for dark energy and ultra-light dark matter.
description: Final edits
Permutohedral complexes and rational curves with cyclic action
Creators: name: Clader, Emily
name: Damiolini, Chiara
name: Huang, Daoji
name: Li, Shiyue
name: Ramadas, Rohini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H10 (Primary), 52B05 (Secondary)

description: We define a moduli space of rational curves with finite-order automorphism and weighted orbits, and we prove that the combinatorics of its boundary strata are encoded by a particular polytopal complex that also captures the algebraic structure of a complex reflection group acting on the moduli space. This generalizes the situation for Losev-Manin's moduli space of curves (whose boundary strata are encoded by the permutohedron and related to the symmetric group) as well as the situation for Batyrev-Blume's moduli space of curves with involution, and it extends that work beyond the toric context.
description: 47 pages, 12 figures
Provenance of things - Describing sample preparation and observation workflows using PROV-O
Creators: name: Cox, Simon J D
name: Car, Nicholas J
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: provenance
samples
material specimen
sample preparation
geochemistry

description: Geochemistry observations typically follow a complex specimen preparation process after field sampling. Details of this are required to support assessment of the reliability of the data produced, and to ensure reproducibility. We have applied W3C PROV [1] in describing complex retrieval, processing and observation processes associated with physical specimens.
description: Poster presented at Research Data Alliance P7 - Tokyo, March 2016
Spin-orbit coupling in organic microcavities: Lower polariton splitting, triplet polaritons, and disorder-induced dark-states relaxation
Creators: name: Zeb, M. Ahsan
name: Masood, Shoaib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an extended Tavis-Cummings model, we study the effect of the spin-orbit coupling between the singlet and the triplet molecular excitons in organic microcavities in the strong coupling regime. The model is solved in the single excitation space for polaritons, which contains the bright (permutation symmetric) singlet and triplet excitons, as well as the dark bands consisting of the nonsymmetric excitons of either type. We find that the spin-orbit coupling splits the lower polariton into two branches, and also creates a triplet polariton when the cavity mode is in resonance with the triplet excitons. The optical absorption spectrum of the system that can reveal this splitting in experiments is presented and the effect of disorder in exciton energies and couplings is explored. An important consequence of the disorder in the spin-orbit coupling -- a weak coupling between the otherwise decoupled bright and dark sectors -- is explored and detailed calculations of the squared transition matrix elements between the dark bands and polaritons are presented along with derivation of some approximate yet quite accurate analytical expressions. This relaxation channel for the dark states contains an interference between two transition paths that, for a given polariton state, suppresses the relaxation of one dark band and enhances it for the other.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Motions of a billiard ball after a cue stroke
Creators: name: Kim, Hyeong-Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collision between the cue and the ball in the game of billiards. After studying the collision process in detail, we write the (rotational) velocities of the ball and the cue after the collision. We also find the squirt angle of the ball for an oblique collision which represents the deviation of the ball from the intended direction.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Embeddings of the black holes in a flat space
Creators: name: Sheykin, A. A.
name: Grad, D. A.
name: Paston, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the explicit embeddings of static black holes. We obtain two new minimal embeddings of the Schwarzchild-de Sitter metric which smoothly cover both horizons of this metric. The lines of time for these embeddings are more complicated than hyperbolas. Also we shortly discuss the possibility of using non-hyperbolic embeddings for calculation of the black hole Hawking temperature in the Deser and Levin approach.
description: LaTeX, 7 pages. Proceedings of "The XXI International Workshop High Energy Physics and Quantum Field Theory" (QFTHEP 2013), Saint Petersburg Area, Russia, 23-30 June, 2013
Greatest Ricci lower bounds of projective horospherical manifolds of Picard number one
Creators: name: Hwang, DongSeon
name: Kim, Shin-young
name: Park, Kyeong-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M27, 32Q26 (Primary), 32M12, 32Q20, 53C55 (Secondary)

description: A horospherical variety is a normal $G$-variety such that a connected reductive algebraic group $G$ acts with an open orbit isomorphic to a torus bundle over a rational homogeneous manifold. The projective horospherical manifolds of Picard number one are classified by Pasquier, and it turned out that the automorphism groups of all nonhomogeneous ones are non-reductive, which implies that they admit no Kähler--Einstein metrics. As a numerical measure of the extent to which a Fano manifold is close to be Kähler--Einstein, we compute the greatest Ricci lower bounds of projective horospherical manifolds of Picard number one using the barycenter of each moment polytope with respect to the Duistermaat--Heckman measure based on a recent work of Delcroix and Hultgren. In particular, the greatest Ricci lower bound of the odd symplectic Grassmannian $\text{SGr}(n,2n+1)$ can be arbitrarily close to zero as $n$ grows.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables
A similarity scaling model for the axisymmetric turbulent jet based on first principles
Creators: name: Buchhave, Preben
name: Velte, Clara M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Similarity scaling, when it can be justified, is a powerful tool for predicting properties of fluid flows and reducing the computational load when using mathematical models. Numerous publications describe different applications of this method, using often different scaling laws with one or more scaling parameters. The justification for these laws is often based on some assumptions or references to experimental results. In this paper, we base the scaling law on basic physical principles of classical Newtonian physics (Galilei group) and derive some predictions that we apply to a simple model for the axisymmetric turbulent jet. In a companion paper, we compare these predictions to careful measurements on a free jet in the laboratory and evaluate how far our model predictions are borne out by the experimental results. We have succeeded in obtaining such high measurement quality that we can compute both second and third order statistical functions even far downstream and far-off axis. We can already here reveal that we find very good agreement between a simple one-parameter geometric scaling law derived from the model and numerous first order and higher order statistical results computed from the experimental data.
Magnetic instability induced by Rh-doping in Kondo semiconductor CeRu$_2$Al$_{10}$
Creators: name: Guo, Hanjie
name: Tanida, Hiroshi
name: Kobayashi, Riki
name: Kawasaki, Ikuto
name: Sera, Masafumi
name: Nishioka, Takashi
name: Matsumura, Masahiro
name: Watanabe, Isao
name: Xu, Zhu-an
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic ground state of Rh-doped Kondo semiconductor CeRu$_2$Al$_{10}$ [Ce(Ru$_{1-x}$Rh$_x$)$_2$Al$_{10}$] is investigated by muon-spin relaxation method. Muon-spin precession with two frequencies is observed in the $x$ = 0 sample, while only one frequency is present in the $x$ = 0.05 and 0.1 samples, which is attributed to the broad static field distribution at the muon site. The internal field at the muon site is enhanced from about 180 G in $x$ = 0 sample to about 800 G in the Rh-doped samples, supporting the spin-flop transition as suggested by macroscopic measurements, and the boundary of different magnetic ground states is identified around $x$ = 0.03. The drastic change of magnetic ground state by a small amount of Rh-doping (3%) indicates that the magnetic structure in CeRu$_2$Al$_{10}$ is not robust and can be easily tuned by external perturbations such as electron doping. The anomalous temperature dependence of internal field in CeRu$_2$Al$_{10}$ is suggested to be attributed to the hyperfine interaction between muons and conduction electrons.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
The enabling environment and finance of resource recovery and reuse
Creators: name: Di Mario, L.
name: Rao, Krishna C.
name: Drechsel, Pay
name: Di Mario, L.
name: Rao, Krishna C.
name: Drechsel, Pay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource recovery
subject: Resource management
subject: Financing
subject: Supply chains
subject: Environmental impact assessment
subject: Organic fertilizers
subject: Organic wastes
subject: Composting
subject: Wastewater treatment
subject: Water reuse
subject: Energy resources
subject: Cost recovery
subject: Agriculture
subject: Stakeholders
subject: Bangladesh

description: In Otoo, Miriam; Drechsel, Pay (Eds.). Resource recovery from waste: business models for energy, nutrient and water reuse in low- and middle-income countries. Oxon, UK: Routledge - Earthscan
Synthetic Mechanical Lattices with Synthetic Interactions
Creators: name: Anandwade, Ritika
name: Singhal, Yaashnaa
name: Paladugu, Sai Naga Manoj
name: Martello, Enrico
name: Castle, Michael
name: Agrawal, Shraddha
name: Carlson, Ellen
name: Battle-McDonald, Cait
name: Ozawa, Tomoki
name: Price, Hannah M.
name: Gadway, Bryce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metamaterials based on mechanical elements have been developed over the past decade as a powerful platform for exploring analogs of electron transport in exotic regimes that are hard to produce in real materials. In addition to enabling new physics explorations, such developments promise to advance the control over acoustic and mechanical metamaterials, and consequently to enable new capabilities for controlling the transport of sound and energy. Here, we demonstrate the building blocks of highly tunable mechanical metamaterials based on real-time measurement and feedback of modular mechanical elements. We experimentally engineer synthetic lattice Hamiltonians describing the transport of mechanical energy (phonons) in our mechanical system, with control over local site energies and loss and gain as well as control over the complex hopping between oscillators, including a natural extension to non-reciprocal hopping. Beyond linear terms, we experimentally demonstrate how this measurement-based feedback approach opens the window to independently introducing nonlinear interaction terms. Looking forward, synthetic mechanical lattices open the door to exploring phenomena related to topology, non-Hermiticity, and nonlinear dynamics in non-standard geometries, higher dimensions, and with novel multi-body interactions.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
THE PRODUCTION OF LATINA GARMENT WORKERS AND MANAGERS: HOW GENDER, RACE, CLASS AND IMMIGRATION STATUS IMPACT WORKA WOMEN-CENTERED MICRO ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Beauchamp, Valerie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: garment workers
managers
Los Angeles
immigration status
micro-level study

description: This is a study of the experiences of Latina garment workers and their mostly white managers. It is a women-centered analysis of the social practices at work and at home. As such, the research departs from the structural accounts of the garment industry which portray Latina garment workers as objects who are part of an economic process that tend to erase their lived experiences. Using field site observations at a denim contracting shop and in-depth interviews with Latina garment workers and their managers, I link their personal account of work to how gender, ethnicity, and immigration status impact work. In Los Angeles, Latinas continue to make-up the majority of garment workers. Through their voices we learn the reasons why they entered in the garment industry, why they stay in this exploitative field, and some of the ways they resist their exploitation. Their voices challenge the old myths that garment work takes little skill to master. These women recount their everyday experiences and reveal complex women who struggle to survive a difficult industry.
1D Model for the 3D Magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Dai, Mimi
name: Vyas, Bhakti
name: Zhang, Xiangxiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 65M70, 76D03, 76W05, 76B03

description: We propose a one-dimensional (1D) model for the three-dimensional(3D) incompressible ideal magnetohydrodynamics. We establish a regularity criterion of the Beale-Kato-Majda type for this 1D model. Without the stretching effect, the model with only transport effect equipped with a proper sign is shown to have global in time strong solution. Some numerical simulations suggest that solutions of this model with smooth periodic initial data do not tend to develop singularities at finite time.
Upper bounds on the heights of polynomials and rational fractions from their values
Creators: name: Kieffer, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $F$ be a univariate polynomial or rational fraction of degree $d$ defined over a number field. We give bounds from above on the absolute logarithmic Weil height of $F$ in terms of the heights of its values at small integers: we review well-known bounds obtained from interpolation algorithms given values at $d+1$ (resp. $2d+1$) points, and obtain tighter results when considering a larger number of evaluation points.
description: Some references, comments and local statements added
Torsion free instanton sheaves on the blow-up of $\mathbb{P}^{n}$ at a point
Creators: name: Henni, Abdelmoubine Amar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 14F17, 14J40

description: We define the analogue of instanton sheaves on the blow-up $\widetilde{\mathbb{P}^n}$ of the $n-$dimensional projective space at a point. We choose appropriate polarisation on $\widetilde{\mathbb{P}^n}$ and construct rank $2$ examples of locally free and non locally free (but torsion free) type. In general, the defined instantons also turn out to be cohomology of monads, although non linear ones. Moreover, in the five dimensional case, we show that there are continuous families of them that fill, at least, a smooth component in the moduli of semi-stable sheaves.
description: 22 pages
Ribbon operators in the generalized Kitaev quantum double model based on Hopf algebras
Creators: name: Chen, Penghua
name: Cui, Shawn X.
name: Yan, Bowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kitaev's quantum double model is a family of exactly solvable lattice models that realize two dimensional topological phases of matter. Originally it is based on finite groups, and is later generalized to semi-simple Hopf algebras. We rigorously define and study ribbon operators in the generalized Kitaev quantum double model. These ribbon operators are important tools to understand quasi-particle excitations. It turns out that there are some subtleties in defining the operators in contrast to what one would naively think. In particular, one has to distinguish two classes of ribbons which we call locally clockwise and locally counterclockwise ribbons. Moreover, this issue already exists in the original model based on finite non-Abelian groups. We show how certain properties would fail even in the original model if we do not distinguish these two classes of ribbons. Perhaps not surprisingly, under the new definitions ribbon operators satisfy all properties that are expected. For instance, they create quasi-particle excitations only at the end of the ribbon, and the types of the quasi-particles correspond to irreducible representations of the Drinfeld double of the input Hopf algebra. However, the proofs of these properties are much more complicated than those in the case of finite groups. This is partly due to the complications in dealing with general Hopf algebras rather than just group algebras.
description: 39 pages
Occultation Evidence for a Satellite of the Trojan Asteroid (911) Agamemnon
Creators: name: Timerson, Bradley
name: Brooks, John
name: Conard, Steven
name: Dunham, David W.
name: Herald, David
name: Tolea, Alin
name: Marchis, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 2012 January 19, observers in the northeastern United States of America observed an occultation of 8.0-mag HIP 41337 star by the Jupiter-Trojan (911) Agamemnon, including one video recorded with a 36cm telescope that shows a deep brief secondary occultation that is likely due to a satellite, of about 5 km (most likely 3 to 10 km) across, at 278 km $\pm$ 5 km (0.0931 arcsec) from the asteroid's center as projected in the plane of the sky. A satellite this small and this close to the asteroid could not be resolved in the available VLT adaptive optics observations of Agamemnon recorded in 2003. The outline of Agamemnon is fit well by an ellipse with dimensions 190.6 $\pm$ 0.9 km by 143.8 $\pm$ 1.5 km. The angular diameter of HIP 41337 was found to be 0.5 $\pm$ 0.1 milli-arcsec. After (624) Hektor, this could be the second Jupiter Trojan asteroid known to possess a small satellite.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, in press, PSS, 2013
THE 1982 FALKLANDS WAR: A TURNING POINT FOR THE HMS INVINCIBLE AS FLAGSHIP OF THE MODERN ROYAL NAVY
Creators: name: Thomas, Michael James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: HMS Invincible
Modern Royal Navy
1982 Falklands War

description: The 1982 Falklands War marked a crucial point in the history of the British Royal Navy and naval warfare. The conflict was the first significant post-World War II conflict where modern naval technology, was utilized. The war was also a proving ground for a new type of hybrid warship which crossed the anti-submarine cruiser with an amphibious assault ship and aircraft carrier. This hybrid approach was realized with the through-deck cruiser HMS Invincible. Arguably, the Invincible allowed a cash-strapped Great Britain to maintain significance as a sea-power in the last years of the Cold War. Moreover, the ship carried with it, historical significance. Its namesake, the battlecruiser HMS Invincible, was both a hybrid design, and the flagship of the 1914 Battle of the Falkland Islands

The Battlecruiser crossed a battleship with a fast merchant cruiser. Created by First Sea Lord Admiral Sir John Fisher who envisioned a fast ship with big armaments and the speed was best suited as the flagship of the Royal Navy. The 1914 Battle of the Falkland Islands had raised Fisher’s hopes that his hybrid warship would be the symbol of the Royal Navy, however the 1982 War made the idea, reality. In the ensuing study, the author will evaluate the performance of these designs, with special attention to the 1982 conflict and its role in furthering British sea power towards the end of the 20th century, cementing Admiral Fisher’s vision of hybrid warships, and securing a reputation as the flagship of the modern Royal Navy.
On the Fourier dimension of $(d,k)$-sets and Kakeya sets with restricted directions
Creators: name: Fraser, Jonathan M.
name: Harris, Terence L. J.
name: Kroon, Nicholas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B10, 28A80, 28A78

description: A $(d,k)$-set is a subset of $\mathbb{R}^d$ containing a $k$-dimensional unit ball of all possible orientations. Using an approach of D.~Oberlin we prove various Fourier dimension estimates for compact $(d,k)$-sets. Our main interest is in restricted $(d,k)$-sets, where the set only contains unit balls with a restricted set of possible orientations $Γ$. In this setting our estimates depend on the Hausdorff dimension of $Γ$ and can sometimes be improved if additional geometric properties of $Γ$ are assumed. We are led to consider cones and prove that the cone in $\mathbb{R}^{d+1}$ has Fourier dimension $d-1$, which may be of interest in its own right.
description: 13 pages. This revised version subsumes arXiv:2108.05771, contains a new result about the Fourier dimension of cones and includes a new co-author
Anisotropic flow of identified particles in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}} =$ 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector
Creators: name: Zhou, You
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of anisotropic flow of identified particles, including charged pion, kaon, (anti-)proton as well as strange and multi-strange particles (${\rm K_{S}^{0}}$, ${\rm Λ}$, ${\rm Ξ}$ and ${\rm Ω}$) are measured in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{\rm NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector. The results are compared to measurements at RHIC and hydrodynamic model calculations. The mass splitting and the scaling with the number of constituent quarks of the anisotropic flow are also discussed.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of Strangeness in Quark Matter 2013 (SQM 2013, Birmingham)
Kriging Convolutional Networks
Creators: name: Appleby, Gabriel
name: Liu, Linfeng
name: Liu, Li-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatial interpolation is a class of estimation problems where locations with known values are used to estimate values at other locations, with an emphasis on harnessing spatial locality and trends. Traditional Kriging methods have strong Gaussian assumptions, and as a result, often fail to capture complexities within the data. Inspired by the recent progress of graph neural networks, we introduce Kriging Convolutional Networks (KCN), a method of combining the advantages of Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN) and Kriging. Compared to standard GCNs, KCNs make direct use of neighboring observations when generating predictions. KCNs also contain the Kriging method as a specific configuration. We further improve the model's performance by adding attention. Empirically, we show that this model outperforms GCNs and Kriging in several applications. The implementation of KCN using PyTorch is publicized at the GitHub repository: https://github.com/tufts-ml/kcn-torch.
WRITING INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES THAT INFLUENCE THE PERFORMANCE OF FOURTH-GRADE AFRICAN AMERICAN STUDENTS IN MATH: A QUALITATIVE STUDY AMONG TEACHERS IN A METROPOLITAN AREA
Creators: name: Walker, Tiesha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: writing
math
African American
communication
reasoning
beliefs

description: African American students in the fourth grade have been performing significantly lower than their counterparts in both English language arts and mathematics on state assessments. This disproportionality in score reports continue through the grade levels. A standard that combines both literacy and math expects students to communicate written reasoning in math. The high percentage of African American students not meeting standards for written reasoning in math indicate there is a need to evaluate and possibly restructure the instructional practices used with these students. This study expands the research that has found that cultural competencies of African American students should be affirmed and utilized to gain new skills. A qualitative ethnographic research design was used to gain more understanding of what is occurring in the classrooms to inform future practices that may help to improve the academic performance of African American students. By using Critical Race Theory as a lens, the major findings of this study were the existence of barriers from hidden curriculum and the language of school. Findings from this study show the performance of African American students in class may be influenced by the relevance of the lessons provided.
Learning strange attractors with reservoir systems
Creators: name: Grigoryeva, Lyudmila
name: Hart, Allen
name: Ortega, Juan-Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper shows that the celebrated Embedding Theorem of Takens is a particular case of a much more general statement according to which, randomly generated linear state-space representations of generic observations of an invertible dynamical system carry in their wake an embedding of the phase space dynamics into the chosen Euclidean state space. This embedding coincides with a natural generalized synchronization that arises in this setup and that yields a topological conjugacy between the state-space dynamics driven by the generic observations of the dynamical system and the dynamical system itself. This result provides additional tools for the representation, learning, and analysis of chaotic attractors and sheds additional light on the reservoir computing phenomenon that appears in the context of recurrent neural networks.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures
Schwinger-Boson mean-field study of spin-1/2 $J_1$-$J_2$-$J_χ$ model in honeycomb lattice: thermal Hall signature
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Rohit
name: Kundu, Ritajit
name: Singh, Avinash
name: Kundu, Arijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate, within the Schwinger-Boson mean-field theory, the transition from a gapped $Z_{2}$ quantum spin-liquid, in a $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg spin-1/2 system in a honeycomb lattice, to a chiral $Z_2$ spin liquid phase under the presence of time-reversal symmetry breaking scalar chiral interaction (with amplitude $J_χ$), with non-trivial Chern bands of the excitations. We numerically obtain a phase diagram of such $J_1$-$J_2$-$J_χ$ system, where different phases are distinguished based on the gap and the nature of excitation spectrum, topological invariant of the excitations, the nature of spin-spin correlation and the symmetries of the mean-field parameters. The chiral $Z_2$ state is characterized by non-trivial Chern number of the excitation bands and lack of long-range magnetic order, which leads to large thermal Hall coefficient.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Comments welcome; clarified that the state we obtain is a chiral Z_2 spin liquid state with non-zero Chern numbers of the excitation bands
Depth-Targeted Energy Deposition Deep Inside Scattering Media
Creators: name: Bender, Nicholas
name: Yamilov, Alexey
name: Goetschy, Arthur
name: Yilmaz, Hasan
name: Hsu, Chia Wei
name: Cao, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A grand challenge in fundamental physics and practical applications is overcoming wave diffusion to deposit energy into a target region deep inside a diffusive system. While it is known that coherently controlling the incident wavefront allows diffraction-limited focusing inside a diffusive system, in many applications targets are significantly larger than such a focus and the maximum deliverable energy remains unknown. Here, we introduce the "deposition matrix", which maps an input wavefront to its internal field distribution, and theoretically predict the ultimate limitations on energy deposition at any depth. For example, the maximum obtainable energy enhancement occurs at 3/4 a diffusive system's thickness: regardless of its scattering strength. Experimentally we measure the deposition matrix and excite its eigenstates to enhance/suppress the energy within an extended target region. Our theoretical analysis reveals that such enhancement/suppression results from both selective transmission eigenchannel excitation and constructive/destructive interference among these channels.
Recursive divergence formulas for perturbing unstable transfer operators and physical measures
Creators: name: Ni, Angxiu
name: Tong, Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the derivative of the (measure) transfer operator with respect to the parameter of the map is a divergence. Then, for physical measures of discrete-time hyperbolic chaotic systems, we derive an equivariant divergence formula for the unstable perturbation of transfer operators along unstable manifolds. This formula and hence the linear response, the parameter-derivative of physical measures, can be sampled by recursively computing only $2u$ many vectors on one orbit, where $u$ is the unstable dimension. The numerical implementation of this formula in \cite{far} is neither cursed by dimensionality nor the sensitive dependence on initial conditions.
description: final version at JSP
A note on fully commutative elements in complex reflection groups
Creators: name: Wang, Jiayuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fully commutative elements in types $B$ and $D$ are completely characterized and counted by Stembridge. Recently, Feinberg-Kim-Lee-Oh have extended the study of fully commutative elements from Coxeter groups to the complex setting, giving an enumeration of such elements in $G(m,1,n)$. In this note, we prove a connection between fully commutative elements in $B_n$ and in $G(m,1,n)$, which allows us to characterize fully commutative elements in $G(m,1,n )$ by pattern avoidance. Further, we present a counting formula for such elements in $G(m,1,n)$.
description: v1:14 pages, 7 tables. v2: 16 pages, 8 tables. Added reference of prior work and preliminary data in Shephard groups
Volume Law for the Entanglement Entropy in Non-local QFTs
Creators: name: Shiba, Noburo
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a simple class of non-local field theories whose ground state entanglement entropy follows a volume law as long as the size of subsystem is smaller than a certain scale. We will confirm this volume law both from numerical calculations and from analytical estimation. This behavior fits nicely with holographic results for spacetimes whose curvatures are much smaller than AdS spaces such as those in the flat spacetime.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures; v2, added references
Quartic asymmetric exchange for two-dimensional ferromagnets with trigonal prismatic symmetry
Creators: name: Ado, I. A.
name: Rakhmanova, Gulnaz
name: Zezyulin, Dmitry A.
name: Iorsh, Ivan
name: Titov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a possible origin of noncollinear magnetic textures in ferromagnets (FMs) with the $D_{3h}$ point group symmetry. The suggested mechanism is different from the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) and its straightforward generalizations. The considered symmetry class is important because a large fraction of all single-layer intrinsic FMs should belong to it. In particular, so does a monolayer Fe$_3$GeTe$_2$. At the same time, DMI vanishes identically in materials described by this point group, in the continuous limit. We use symmetry analysis to identify the only possible contribution to the free energy density in two dimensions that is of the fourth order with respect to the local magnetization direction and linear with respect to its spatial derivatives. This contribution predicts long-range conical magnetic spirals with both the average magnetization and the average chirality dependent on the spiral propagation direction. We relate the predicted spirals to a recent experiment on Fe$_3$GeTe$_2$. Finally, we demonstrate that, for easy-plane materials, the same mechanism may stabilize bimerons.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Exchange-correlation functionals from the strongly-interacting limit of DFT: Applications to model chemical systems
Creators: name: Malet, Francesc
name: Mirtschink, Andre
name: Giesbertz, Klaas J. H.
name: Wagner, Lucas O.
name: Gori-Giorgi, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study model one-dimensional chemical systems (representative of their three-dimensional counterparts) using the strictly-correlated electrons (SCE) functional, which, by construction, becomes asymptotically exact in the limit of infinite coupling strength. The SCE functional has a highly non-local dependence on the density and is able to capture strong correlation within Kohn- Sham theory without introducing any symmetry breaking. Chemical systems, however, are not close enough to the strong-interaction limit so that, while ionization energies and the stretched H2 molecule are accurately described, total energies are in general way too low. A correction based on the exact next leading order in the expansion at infinite coupling strength of the Hohenberg-Kohn functional largely improves the results.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to PCCP's Themed Collection on Density Functional Theory and its Applications
RECONSTRUCTING LIMNOLOGICAL AND HYDROLOGICAL CHANGE DURING THE LATE GLACIAL TO EARLY HOLOCENE AND TRACKING THE WESTERN UNITED STATES PRECIPITATION DIPOLE USING SEDIMENTS FROM BARLEY LAKE
Creators: name: Leidelmeijer, Jenifer Amy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: paleoclimatology
paleolimnology
hydroclimate
precipitation dipole
Younger Dryas
Holocene

description: A sediment core from Barley Lake (Mendocino County, CA) was studied to describe and explain past limnologic and hydrologic variability across the late Glacial to Holocene transition (12,850 – 8,130 calendar years before present (cal yr BP)). Barley Lake is located just south of the modern boundary of the western United States precipitation dipole (~40° N latitude), and thus it represents a key location for understanding dipole variability over time. To describe past limnologic and hydrologic variability, a combination of physical and chemical analyses, including magnetic susceptibility, total organic matter, total carbonate, total organic carbon, bulk d13C(bulk organic carbon), and grain size were used. An age model was constructed using Bacon version 2.2 based on twelve radiocarbon dates on discrete organic materials. The data reveal two distinct lake states: 1) a variable to deep lake with low productivity during the late Glacial (12,850 – 11,500 cal yr BP), and 2) a shallow to transgressive lake with high productivity during the early Holocene (11,500-8,150 cal yr BP). The former encapsulating the Younger Dryas chronozone, suggesting wet conditions in Northern Coast Range during the Younger Dryas. Correlative to the Younger Dryas chronozone, paleo-archives in the Pacific northwest, above 35° N latitude, indicated wet and/or variable dry/wet conditions; whereas, paleo-archives in the Pacific southwest United States, below 35° N latitude, indicated dry and/or variably dry/wet conditions. This analysis indicates a southerly shift in the average position of the western United States precipitation dipole during the Younger Dryas. The large-scale changes in lake conditions at Barley Lake during the late-Glacial/Younger Dryas to early Holocene is attributed to complex ocean-atmosphere restructuring coupled with changing summer-winter insolation forcing.
Deliverable 3.3 Prototypes of New PID Resources
Creators: name: Dasler, Robin
name: Ferguson, Christine
name: Dohna, Tina
name: Schindler, Uwe
name: Madden, Frances
name: Bernal Llinares, Manuel
name: Bunakov, Vasily
name: Lambert, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This report describes the results of the prototyping implementations of new PID types and new PID services conducted by the FREYA partners. This work follows the previous two deliverables in this work package, which identified gaps in the PID landscape and determined feasibility of prototype implementation, respectively.
Non-Markovianity and entanglement detection
Creators: name: Chanduka, Sourav
name: Bhattacharya, Bihalan
name: Mundra, Rounak
name: Bhattacharya, Samyadeb
name: Chakrabarty, Indranil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have established a novel method to detect non-Markovian indivisible quantum channels using structural physical approximation. We have shown that this method can be used to detect eternal non -Markovian operations. We have further established that harnessing eternal non-Markovianity, we can device a protocol to detect quantum entanglement.
description: 5 pages
The Contribution of Halos with Different Mass Ratios to the Overall Growth of Cluster-Sized Halos
Creators: name: Lemze, Doron
name: Postman, Marc
name: Genel, Shy
name: Ford, Holland C.
name: Balestra, Italo
name: Donahue, Megan
name: Kelson, Daniel
name: Nonino, Mario
name: Mercurio, Amata
name: Biviano, Andrea
name: Rosati, Piero
name: Umetsu, Keiichi
name: Sand, David
name: Koekemoer, Anton
name: Meneghetti, Massimo
name: Melchior, Peter
name: Newman, Andrew B.
name: Bhatti, Waqas A.
name: Voit, G. Mark
name: Medezinski, Elinor
name: Zitrin, Adi
name: Zheng, Wei
name: Broadhurst, Tom
name: Bartelmann, Matthias
name: Benitez, Narciso
name: Bouwens, Rychard
name: Bradley, Larry
name: Coe, Dan
name: Graves, Genevieve
name: Grillo, Claudio
name: Infante, Leopoldo
name: Jimenez-Teja, Yolanda
name: Jouvel, Stephanie
name: Lahav, Ofer
name: Maoz, Dan
name: Merten, Julian
name: Molino, Alberto
name: Moustakas, John
name: Moustakas, Leonidas
name: Ogaz, Sara
name: Scodeggio, Marco
name: Seitz, Stella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a new observational test for a key prediction of the ΛCDM cosmological model: the contributions of mergers with different halo-to-main-cluster mass ratios to cluster-sized halo growth. We perform this test by dynamically analyzing seven galaxy clusters, spanning the redshift range $0.13 < z_c < 0.45$ and caustic mass range $0.4-1.5$ $10^{15} h_{0.73}^{-1}$ M$_{\odot}$, with an average of 293 spectroscopically-confirmed bound galaxies to each cluster. The large radial coverage (a few virial radii), which covers the whole infall region, with a high number of spectroscopically identified galaxies enables this new study. For each cluster, we identify bound galaxies. Out of these galaxies, we identify infalling and accreted halos and estimate their masses and their dynamical states. Using the estimated masses, we derive the contribution of different mass ratios to cluster-sized halo growth. For mass ratios between ~0.2 and ~0.7, we find a ~1 $σ$ agreement with ΛCDM expectations based on the Millennium simulations I and II. At low mass ratios, $\lesssim 0.2$, our derived contribution is underestimated since the detection efficiency decreases at low masses, $\sim 2 \times 10^{14}$ $h_{0.73}^{-1}$ M$_{\odot}$. At large mass ratios, $\gtrsim 0.7$, we do not detect halos probably because our sample, which was chosen to be quite X-ray relaxed, is biased against large mass ratios. Therefore, at large mass ratios, the derived contribution is also underestimated.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables, 2 machine readable tables, accepted for publication in ApJ, updated acknowledgements and data table format modifications made
Microscopic model for relativistic hydrodynamics of ideal plasmas
Creators: name: Andreev, Pavel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic hydrodynamics of classic plasmas is derived from the microscopic model in the limit of ideal plasmas. The chain of equations is constructed step by step starting from the concentration evolution. It happens that the energy density and the momentum density do not appear at such approach, but new relativistic-hydrodynamic variables appear in the model. These variables has no nonrelativistic analogs, but they are reduced to the concentration, the particle current, the pressure (the flux of the particle current) if relativistic effects are dropped. These variables are reduced to functions of the concentration, the particle current, the pressure if the thermal velocities are dropped in compare with the relativistic velocity field. Final equations are presented in the monopole limit of the meanfield (the selfconsistent field) approximation. Hence, the contributions of the electric dipole moment, magnetic dipole moment, electric quadrupole moment, etc of the macroscopically infinitesimal element of volume appearing in derived equations are dropped.
description: 13 pages
Note on $4$-coloring $6$-regular triangulations on the torus
Creators: name: Sankarnarayanan, Brahadeesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15 (Primary) 05C10, 05C75 (Secondary)

description: In 1973, Altshuler characterized the $6$-regular triangulations on the torus to be precisely those that are obtained from a regular triangulation of the $r \times s$ toroidal grid where the vertices in the first and last column are connected by a shift of $t$ vertices. Such a graph is denoted $T(r, s, t)$. In 1999, Collins and Hutchinson classified the $4$-colorable graphs $T(r, s, t)$ with $r, s \geq 3$. In this paper, we point out a gap in their classification and show how it can be fixed. Combined with the classification of the $4$-colorable graphs $T(1, s, t)$ by Yeh and Zhu in 2003, this completes the characterization of the colorability of all the $6$-regular triangulations on the torus.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure