cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Weakly-Supervised Semantic Segmentation by Iterative Affinity Learning
Creators: name: Wang, Xiang
name: Liu, Sifei
name: Ma, Huimin
name: Yang, Ming-Hsuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Weakly-supervised semantic segmentation is a challenging task as no pixel-wise label information is provided for training. Recent methods have exploited classification networks to localize objects by selecting regions with strong response. While such response map provides sparse information, however, there exist strong pairwise relations between pixels in natural images, which can be utilized to propagate the sparse map to a much denser one. In this paper, we propose an iterative algorithm to learn such pairwise relations, which consists of two branches, a unary segmentation network which learns the label probabilities for each pixel, and a pairwise affinity network which learns affinity matrix and refines the probability map generated from the unary network. The refined results by the pairwise network are then used as supervision to train the unary network, and the procedures are conducted iteratively to obtain better segmentation progressively. To learn reliable pixel affinity without accurate annotation, we also propose to mine confident regions. We show that iteratively training this framework is equivalent to optimizing an energy function with convergence to a local minimum. Experimental results on the PASCAL VOC 2012 and COCO datasets demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs favorably against the state-of-the-art methods.
description: IJCV 2020
The Economic Impacts of the CRP on Rural Economies
Creators: name: Hyberg, Bengt T.
name: Dicks, Michael R.
name: Hebert, Thomas R.
name: Hyberg, Bengt T.
name: Dicks, Michael R.
name: Hebert, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: 'Ihe in"q;)acts of the CRP on 5 industrial sectors were investigated at national, regional, and local levels using an input/output mod.el. 'Ihe results indicate that the agricultural production sector is most affected, followed by the agricultural inputs sector. 'Ihe incomes in the agricultural production sector and the agricultural inputs sectors in areas dependent on agricultural production were found to decline up to 7 times the national rate.
Agrilus utens Kerremans 1897
Creators: name: Curletti, Gianfranco
name: Migliore, Letizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Agrilus
Agrilus utens

description: Agrilus utens Kerremans, 1897
 Agrilus utens Kerremans, 1897: 62.
 Material examinado: BRASIL, São Paulo, São Paulo (Cantareira), 1 ex., 19.XI.1967, J. Halik leg.
description: Published as part of Curletti, Gianfranco & Migliore, Letizia, 2014, O gênero Agrilus Curtis, 1829 nas coleções do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), pp. 81-106 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (São Paulo) 54 (8) on page 99, DOI: 10.1590/0031-1049.2014.54.08, http://zenodo.org/record/4656297
ZERO-SHOT AUDIO TOPIC RERANKING USING LARGE LANGUAGE MODELS
Creators: name: Qian, Mengjie
name: Ma, Rao
name: Liusie, Adian
name: Loweimi, Erfan
name: Knill, Katherine
name: Gales, Mark
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2024

description: Multimodal Video Search by Examples (MVSE) investigates using video clips as the query term for information retrieval, rather than the more traditional text query. This enables far richer search modalities such as images, speaker, content, topic, and emotion. A key element for this process is highly rapid and flexible search to support large archives, which in MVSE is facilitated by representing video attributes with embeddings. This work aims to compensate for any performance loss from this rapid archive search by examining reranking approaches. In particular, zero-shot reranking methods using large language models (LLMs) are investigated as these are applicable to any video archive audio content. Performance is evaluated for topic-based retrieval on a publicly available video archive, the BBC Rewind corpus. Results demonstrate that reranking significantly improves retrieval ranking without requiring any task-specific in-domain training data. Furthermore, three sources of information (ASR transcriptions, automatic summaries and synopses) as input for LLM reranking were compared. To gain a deeper understanding and further insights into the performance differences and limitations of these text sources, we employ a fact-checking approach to analyse the information consistency among them.
Stochastic Technology in a Programming Framework: A Generalized E. V. Model
Creators: name: Hassan, Rashid M.
name: Hallam, Arne
name: D'Silva, B.
name: Hassan, Rashid M.
name: Hallam, Arne
name: D'Silva, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Production Economics
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Production uncertainty is important in studying the behavior of risk averse firms and the making of successful agricultural policies. A model which extends the E-V method to incorporate stochastic technology in a programming framework is developed. Risk effects of factor inp~ts are measured for the irrigated multi-crop sector of Sudan. Supply responses of agricultural producers are more elastic when factor inputs are allowed to influence production risks.
Under the Radar: The Effects of Monitoring Firms on Tax Compliance
Creators: name: Almunia, Miguel
name: Lopez-Rodriguez, David
name: Almunia, Miguel
name: Lopez-Rodriguez, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: tax enforcement
subject: firms
subject: bunching
subject: Spain
subject: Large Taxpayers Unit (LTU)

description: This paper analyzes the effects on tax compliance of monitoring the information trails generated by firms’ activities. We exploit quasi-experimental variation generated by a Large Taxpayers Unit (LTU) in Spain, which monitors firms with more than 6 million euros in reported revenue. Firms strategically bunch below this threshold in order to avoid stricter tax enforcement. This response is stronger in sectors where transactions leave more paper trail, implying that monitoring effort and the traceability of information reported by firms are complements. We calculate that there would be substantial welfare gains from extending stricter tax monitoring to smaller businesses.
The Peasant Movements of Ancient World and Their Basic Traits With Nature: A Retrospective Discourse
Creators: name: Pathak, Kamal Chandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130205 Humanities and Social Sciences Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Economics, Business and Management)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: While we deal with the nature and basic traits of the peasant movements of the ancient world; we come across several instances that project the nature and character of various peasant movements of the world. This research-based paper is an endeavor to present a brief picturesque of peasant movements of various parts of the ancient world along-with their traits and nature
Cosmic Problems for Condensed Matter Experiment
Creators: name: Vachaspati, Tanmay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Condensed matter analogs of the cosmological environment have raised the hope that laboratory experiments can be done to test theoretical ideas in cosmology. I will describe Unruh's sonic analog of a black hole (``dumbhole'') that can be used to test Hawking radiation, and some recent proposals on how one might be able to create a dumbhole in the lab. In this context, I also discuss an experiment already done on the Helium-3 AB system by the Lancaster group.
description: 16 pages. Based on talk given at Lammi conference on Quantum Phenomena at Low Temperature
Sovereign Risk, Private Credit, and Stabilization Policies
Creators: name: Pancrazi, Roberto
name: Seoane, Hernan D.
name: Vukotic, Marija
name: Pancrazi, Roberto
name: Seoane, Hernan D.
name: Vukotic, Marija
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Default
subject: Sovereign Spread
subject: Private Spread
subject: Bailouts

description: In this paper we examine the impact of bailout policies in small open economies that are subject to financial frictions. We extend standard endogenous default models in two ways. First, we augment the government’s choice set with a bailout option. In addition to the standard choice of defaulting or repaying the debt, a government can also choose to ask for a third-party bailout, which comes at a cost of an imposed borrowing limit. Second, we introduce financial frictions and a financial intermediation channel, which tie conditions on the private credit market to the conditions on the sovereign credit market. This link has been very strong in European countries during the recent sovereign crisis. We find that the existence of a bailout option reduces sovereign spreads and, through the described link, private credit rates as well. The implementation of a rescue program reduces output losses and increases welfare, measured in consumption equivalent terms. Moreover, bailout benefits emerge even when a government only has the option of asking for a bailout, but does not take advantage of it.
Natural Expectations and Home Equity Extraction
Creators: name: Pancrazi, Roberto
name: Pietrunti, Mario
name: Pancrazi, Roberto
name: Pietrunti, Mario
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Natural expectations
subject: Home equity extraction
subject: Consumption/saving decision
subject: Housing price

description: In this paper we propose a novel explanation for the increase in households’ leverage during the recent boom in U.S. housing prices. We use the U.S. housing market’s boombust episode that led to the Great Recession as a case study, and we show that biased long-run expectations of both households and, especially, financial intermediaries about future housing prices had a large impact on households’ indebtedness. Specifically, first we show that it is likely that financial intermediaries used forecasting models that ignored the long-run mean reversion of housing prices after a short-run momentum, thus leading to an overestimation of future households’ housing wealth. We frame this finding in the theory of natural expectations, proposed by Fuster et al. (2010), to the housing market. Then, using a tractable model of collateralized credit market populated by households and banks, we find that: (1) mild variations in long-run forecasts of housing prices result in quantitatively considerable differences in the amount of home equity extracted during a housing price boom; (2) the equilibrium levels of debt and interest rate are particularly sensitive to financial intermediaries’ naturalness; (3) home equity extraction data are better matched by models in which agents are fairly natural.
The Inequality Accelerator
Creators: name: Mengus, Eric
name: Pancrazi, Roberto
name: Mengus, Eric
name: Pancrazi, Roberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Wealth Inequality
subject: Participation costs
subject: Insurance

description: We show that the transition from an economy characterized by idiosyncratic income shocks and incomplete markets `a la Aiyagari (1994) to markets where statecontingent assets are available but costly (in order to purchase a contingent asset, households have to pay a fixed participation cost) leads to a large increase of wealth inequality. Using a standard calibration our model can match a Gini of 0.93 close to the level of wealth inequality observed in the US. In addition, under this level of participation costs, wealth inequality is particularly sensitive to income inequality. We label this phenomenon as the Inequality Accelerator. We demonstrate how costly access to contingent asset-markets generates these effects. The key insight stems from the non-monotonic relationship between wealth and desired degree of insurance, in an economy with participation costs. Poor borrowing constrained households remain uninsured, middle-class households are almost perfectly insured, while rich households decide to self-insure by purchasing risk-free assets. This feature of households’ risk management has crucial effects in asset prices, wealth inequality, and social mobility.
The higher-order spectrum of simplicial complexes: a renormalization group approach
Creators: name: Reitz, Marcus
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Network topology is a flourishing interdisciplinary subject that is relevant for different disciplines including quantum gravity and brain research. The discrete topological objects that are investigated in network topology are simplicial complexes. Simplicial complexes generalize networks by not only taking pairwise interactions into account, but also taking into account many-body interactions between more than two nodes. Higher-order Laplacians are topological operators that describe higher-order diffusion on simplicial complexes and constitute the natural mathematical objects that capture the interplay between network topology and dynamics. We show that higher-order up and down Laplacians can have a finite spectral dimension, characterizing the long time behaviour of the diffusion process on simplicial complexes that depends on their order $m$. We provide a renormalization group theory for the calculation of the higher-order spectral dimension of two deterministic models of simplicial complexes: the Apollonian and the pseudo-fractal simplicial complexes. We show that the RG flow is affected by the fixed point at zero mass, which determines the higher-order spectral dimension $d_S$ of the up-Laplacians of order $m$ with $m\geq 0$.
description: (39 pages,6 figures)
Noncommutative Instantons and Solitons
Creators: name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I explain how to construct noncommutative BPS configurations in four and lower dimensions by solving linear matrix equations. Examples are instantons in D=4 Yang-Mills, monopoles in D=3 Yang-Mills-Higgs, and (moving) solitons in D=2+1 Yang-Mills-Higgs. Some emphasis is on the latter as a showcase for the dressing method.
description: 11 pages; talk presented at the 27th Johns Hopkins Workshop in Goteborg and at the 36th International Symposium Ahrenshoop in Berlin, both in August 2003
Structural and magnetoelectric properties of MFe2O4-PZT (M=Ni,Co) and (La)x(Ca,Sr)1-x - PZT multilayers
Creators: name: Srinivasan, G.
name: Rasmussen, E. T.
name: Bush, A. A.
name: Kamentsev, K. E.
name: Meshcheryakov, V. F.
name: Fetisov, Y. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thick film layered magnetoelectric composites consisting of ferromagnetic and ferroelectric phases have been synthesized with nickel ferrite (NFO), cobalt ferrite (CFO), La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO), or La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 (LCMO) and lead zirconate titanate (PZT). Structural, magnetic and ferromagnetic resonance characterization shows evidence for defect free ferrites, but deterioration of manganite parameters. The resistivity and dielectric constants are smaller than expected values. The magnetoelectric effect (ME) is stronger in ferrite-PZT than in manganite-PZT. The ME voltage coefficient aE at room temperature is the highest in NFO-PZT and the smallest for LCMO-PZT. The transverse ME effect is an order of magnitude stronger than the longitudinal effect. The magnitude of aE correlates well with magnetic permeability for the ferrites.
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE AT TREC CAST 2022
Creators: name: Liusie, Adian
name: Qian, MENGJIE
name: Li, Xiang
name: Gales, Mark
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023

description: Team heatwave (of the University of Cambridge) submitted 3 automatic runs to the TREC 2022 Conversational Assistance Track. This notebook paper discusses our approach to the challenge of conversational informational retrieval. We first describe our four stage approach of query reformulation, BM25 retrieval, passage reranking, and response extraction. Our experiments then show that our multi-query approach, which uses the raw concatenated conversational context for BM25 and the rewritten query for reranking, shows considerable performance improvement over a single-query approach, where our best performing system achieves a NDCG@3 of 0.440 in the 2022 CAsT challenge.
Agrilus similanus Obenberger 1933
Creators: name: Curletti, Gianfranco
name: Migliore, Letizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Agrilus
Agrilus similanus

description: Agrilus similanus Obenberger, 1933
 Agrilus similanus Obenberger, 1933b: 78.
 Material examinado: BRASIL, Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia, 1 ex., XII.1965, F. Plaumann leg.
description: Published as part of Curletti, Gianfranco & Migliore, Letizia, 2014, O gênero Agrilus Curtis, 1829 nas coleções do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), pp. 81-106 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (São Paulo) 54 (8) on page 98, DOI: 10.1590/0031-1049.2014.54.08, http://zenodo.org/record/4656297
R-summed form of adiabatic expansions in curved spacetime
Creators: name: Ferreiro, Antonio
name: Navarro-Salas, Jose
name: Pla, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Feynman propagator in curved spacetime admits an asymptotic (Schwinger-DeWitt) series expansion in derivatives of the metric. Remarkably, all terms in the series containing the Ricci scalar R can be summed exactly. We show that this (non-perturbative) property of the Schwinger-DeWitt series has a natural and equivalent counterpart in the adiabatic (Parker-Fulling) series expansion of the scalar modes in an homogeneous cosmological spacetime. The equivalence between both R-summed adiabatic expansions can be further extended when a background scalar field is also present.
description: 13 pages. Minor changes. Misprints corrected. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Density-density correlators using all-to-all propagators
Creators: name: Alexandrou, Constantia
name: Dimopoulos, Petros
name: Koutsou, Giannis
name: Neff, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of gauge invariant density-density correlators. Density-density correlators probe hadron wave functions and thus can be used to study hadron deformation. Their zero momentum projection requires the computation of all-to-all propagators, which are evaluated with the standard stochastic technique, the dilution method and the stochastic sequential technique. We compare the results to a previous analysis that did not employ the zero momentum projection.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures. Poster presented at Lattice 2005
Colony Collapse and the Economic Consequences of Bee Disease: Adaptation to Environmental Change
Creators: name: Rucker, Randal R.
name: Thurman, Walter N.
name: Burgett, Michael
name: Rucker, Randal R.
name: Thurman, Walter N.
name: Burgett, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The most extensive markets for pollination services in the world are those for honey bee pollination in the United States. They play important roles in coordinating the behavior of agricultural producers and migratory beekeepers, who both produce honey and provide pollination for crops. Recent trends in bee disease–including the still poorly understood Colony Collapse Disorder, or CCD–can usefully be viewed in the context of how markets respond to environmental change. We analyze economic indicators of input and output markets related to managed honey bee operations, looking for effects from CCD. We find strong evidence of adaptation in these markets and remarkably little to suggest dramatic and widespread economic effects from CCD.
Relationship Failure and Divorce Among Nigerian Couples: A Case of Poor Conflict Resolution
Creators: name: Bahire Özad
name: Gulen Uygarer
name: Jamo, Maryam Suleiman
name: Okaiyeto, Simon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130205 Humanities and Social Sciences Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Economics, Business and Management)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This study aims to find out the causes of poor conflict resolution which can determine the rate of marriage failure and divorce. It is a descriptive research that lays emphasis on survey method. Purposive sampling procedure has been employed to cover the area of study with data obtained from 386 married respondents. Findings reveal that relationship failure and divorce is high. The study identifies that the absence of positive and supportive communication, lack of close interpersonal communication, absence of interest, affection, gratitude and apologies communication, lack of dialogic communication and lack of communality of differences are causes of poor conflict resolution in relationships. The results of the two hypotheses tested reveal that there is a significant relationship between poor conflict resolution with relationship failure and divorce. Also, effective interpersonal communication is significantly related to conflict resolution. In conclusion, the inevitability of conflicts in any form of marriage has been established. Thus, the factors to determine effective conflict resolution among couples are; active use of communication to build a constructive relationship, acceptance and confirming partner's view, affirming and asserting yourself as a partner in a relationship, respect for diversity in relationship and reason rationally then adoption of constructive criticism; embracing dialogic communication, positive and supportive communication, interpersonal communication, and then upholding interest, affection, gratitude and apologies communication are means to amicably resolve conflict in an intimate relationship.
Tax Incentives and the Price of Conservation
Creators: name: Parker, Dominic P.
name: Thurman, Walter N.
name: Parker, Dominic P.
name: Thurman, Walter N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: private provision of public goods
subject: tax incentives
subject: charitable donations
subject: land use
subject: incentive-based conservation
subject: conservation easements
subject: land trusts

description: The growth of land trusts and the restrictions on land development through conservation easements is one of the most striking trends in charitable giving and American land conservation. We exploit sharp variation over time and across states in tax policy to estimate the extent to which this trend is explained by tax incentives. Relying on detailed information about the federal and state income tax codes between 1987 and 2012, we develop an income tax calculator that quantifies the after-tax price of donating an easement. We use panel data techniques to measure the response of state-level growth in easement acreage to the price of donating. Our analysis reveals large responses of easement holdings to changes in the donation price. Characterized as elasticities, our estimates range from around -3.3 to -5.5: the percentage change in easement holdings resulting from a one percent change in the donation price. These elasticities support previously untested assertions that tax policy is responsible for the rapid expansion of conservation easements, and are larger than estimates of how charitable donations of other types respond to after-tax prices. Although we find that tax policy is effective in encouraging the private provision of open space amenities, it comes with a caveat. We present evidence that donated easements are inferior to purchased lands in ecological quality, according to land trusts’ own definitions of the term.
Superselection rules and quantum protocols
Creators: name: Kitaev, Alexei
name: Mayers, Dominic
name: Preskill, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that superselection rules do not enhance the information-theoretic security of quantum cryptographic protocols. Our analysis employs two quite different methods. The first method uses the concept of a reference system -- in a world subject to a superselection rule, unrestricted operations can be simulated by parties who share access to a reference system with suitable properties. By this method, we prove that if an n-party protocol is secure in a world subject to a superselection rule, then the security is maintained even if the superselection rule is relaxed. However, the proof applies only to a limited class of superselection rules, those in which the superselection sectors are labeled by unitary irreducible representations of a compact symmetry group. The second method uses the concept of the format of a message sent between parties -- by verifying the format, the recipient of a message can check whether the message could have been sent by a party who performed charge-conserving operations. By this method, we prove that protocols subject to general superselection rules (including those pertaining to nonabelian anyons in two dimensions) are no more secure than protocols in the unrestricted world. However, the proof applies only to two-party protocols. Our results show in particular that, if no assumptions are made about the computational power of the cheater, then secure quantum bit commitment and strong quantum coin flipping with arbitrarily small bias are impossible in a world subject to superselection rules.
description: 22 pages, REVTeX
Impact of the Dopamine System on Long-term Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson Disease
Creators: name: Weintraub, Daniel
name: Picillo, Marina
name: Hyunkeun Ryan Cho
name: Caspell-Garcia, Chelsea
name: Blauwendraat, Cornelis
name: Brown, Ethan G.
name: Chahine, Lana M
name: Coffey, Christopher S
name: Dobkin, Roseanne D
name: Foroud, Tatiana
name: Galasko, Doug
name: Kieburtz, Karl
name: Marek, Kenneth
name: Merchant, Kalpana
name: Mollenhauer, Brit
name: Poston, Kathleen L
name: Simuni, Tanya
name: Siderowf, Andrew
name: Singleton, Andrew
name: Seibyl, John
name: Tanner, Caroline M
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Dopamine System, Long-term cognitive impairment

description: We examined the impact does the dopamine system have on long-term cognitive outcomes in Parkinson disease, and found that lower baseline mean striatum dopamine transporter value, four dopamine-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms, and higher dopaminergic medication exposure all were associated with increased risk for long-term cognitive impairment. Thus, alterations in the dopamine system predict development of clinically-relevant, cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease.
Costs of Endangered Species Protection on Public Lands: Evidence from Cape Hatteras National Seashore
Creators: name: Dundas, Steven J.
name: Von Haefen, Roger H.
name: Mansfield, Carol
name: Dundas, Steven J.
name: Von Haefen, Roger H.
name: Mansfield, Carol
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Management of public lands often involves competing uses and difficult tradeoffs. Here we examine the implications of a direct federal land use conflict in Cape Hatteras National Seashore: off-road vehicle (ORV) access and endangered species protection. Results from a repeated discrete choice model of recreational angler behavior suggest that the economic costs of access restrictions are relatively modest, ranging from $403,000 to $2.07 million annually. Our results provide general support for the National Park Service’s recently implemented ORV management plan, as the upper bound of recreation losses is less than a conservative estimate of the benefits of protecting coastal biodiversity.
Improved upper limits on the 21-cm signal power spectrum of neutral hydrogen at $\boldsymbol{z \approx 9.1}$ from LOFAR
Creators: name: Mertens, F. G.
name: Mevius, M.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E
name: Offringa, A. R.
name: Mellema, G.
name: Zaroubi, S.
name: Brentjens, M. A.
name: Gan, H.
name: Gehlot, B. K.
name: Pandey, V. N.
name: Sardarabadi, A. M.
name: Vedantham, H. K.
name: Yatawatta, S.
name: Asad, K. M. B.
name: Ciardi, B.
name: Chapman, E.
name: Gazagnes, S.
name: Ghara, R.
name: Ghosh, A.
name: Giri, S. K.
name: Iliev, I. T.
name: Jelić, V.
name: Kooistra, R.
name: Mondal, R.
name: Schaye, J.
name: Silva, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new upper limit on the 21-cm signal power spectrum at a redshift of $z \approx 9.1$ is presented, based on 141 hours of data obtained with the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR). The analysis includes significant improvements in spectrally-smooth gain-calibration, Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) foreground mitigation and optimally-weighted power spectrum inference. Previously seen `excess power' due to spectral structure in the gain solutions has markedly reduced but some excess power still remains with a spectral correlation distinct from thermal noise. This excess has a spectral coherence scale of $0.25 - 0.45$\,MHz and is partially correlated between nights, especially in the foreground wedge region. The correlation is stronger between nights covering similar local sidereal times. A best 2-$σ$ upper limit of $Δ^2_{21} < (73)^2\,\mathrm{mK^2}$ at $k = 0.075\,\mathrm{h\,cMpc^{-1}}$ is found, an improvement by a factor $\approx 8$ in power compared to the previously reported upper limit. The remaining excess power could be due to residual foreground emission from sources or diffuse emission far away from the phase centre, polarization leakage, chromatic calibration errors, ionosphere, or low-level radio-frequency interference. We discuss future improvements to the signal processing chain that can further reduce or even eliminate these causes of excess power.
description: 27 pages, 14 figues, accepted in MNRAS (updated with reference to accompanying paper)
Assessment of Educational Management Research Performance of Universities in North-Eastern Nigeria
Creators: name: Kabiru Mohammed Badau
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: Nigerian universities have the capacities to perform in terms of educational management research quality and impact to promote research excellence. This will market the institutions in order to attract funding and make them more flexible, cost efficient and responsive to the need of the society. More so, the allocation of research funds to universities now depends wholly or partly on the results of assessment performance of the previous researches in educational management. This paper assessed institutional, national, external research incomes, publications and training in educational management research performance of universities in North Eastern Nigeria. The study combined a strong document analysis of the previous researches and interviews of staff in Research and Development units or centres of all universities providing research funding for educational management research in North Eastern Nigeria. Percentage was utilized for data analysis. The findings of the research show that Universities performed lowly in terms of institutional, national, external income, publications and training performance in universities of North Eastern Nigeria. The study also concluded that universities research performance in educational management is low in North Eastern Nigeria. The study further recommended among others that researchers training in educational management should be promoted through Masters and Ph. D programmes in the universities of North Eastern Nigeria.
Spin-dependent tunneling through a symmetric semiconductor barrier: the Dresselhaus effect
Creators: name: Wang, L. G.
name: Yang, Wen
name: Chang, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-dependent tunneling through a symmetric semiconductor barrier is studied including the k^3 Dresselhaus effect. The spin-dependent transmission of electron can be obtained analytically. By comparing with previous work(Phys. Rev. B 67. R201304 (2003) and Phys. Rev. Lett. 93. 056601 (2004)), it is shown that the spin polarization and interface current are changed significantly by including the off-diagonal elements in the current operator, and can be enhanced considerably by the Dresselhaus effect in the contact regions.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in PRB
Revisiting Neutrino Self-Interaction Constraints from $Z$ and $τ$ decays
Creators: name: Brdar, Vedran
name: Lindner, Manfred
name: Vogl, Stefan
name: Xu, Xun-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the elusive nature of neutrinos, their self-interaction is particularly difficult to probe. Nevertheless, upper limits on the strength of such an interaction can be set by using data from terrestrial experiments. In this work we focus on additional contributions to the invisible decay width of $Z$ boson as well as the leptonic $τ$ decay width in the presence of a neutrino coupling to a relatively light scalar. For invisible $Z$ decays we derive a complete set of constraints by considering both three-body bremsstrahlung as well as the loop correction to two-body decays. While the latter is usually regarded to give rather weak limits we find that through the interference with the Standard Model diagram it actually yields a competitive constraint. As far as leptonic decays of $τ$ are concerned, we derive a first limit on neutrino self-interactions that is valid across the whole mass range of a light scalar mediator. Our bounds on the neutrino self-interaction are leading for $m_ϕ\gtrsim 300$ MeV and interactions that prefer $ν_τ$. Bounds on such $ν$-philic scalar are particularly relevant in light of the recently proposed alleviation of the Hubble tension in the presence of such couplings.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, calculations related to IR divergence added, PRD published version
Partially observable latent class analysis (POLCA): An application to serial participation in mosquito control in Madison, WI
Creators: name: Brown, Zachary
name: Dickinson, Katherine L.
name: Paskewitz, Susan
name: Brown, Zachary
name: Dickinson, Katherine L.
name: Paskewitz, Susan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: random utility models
subject: preference heterogeneity
subject: latent class analysis
subject: partial observability
subject: serial nonparticipation
subject: serial participation
subject: deterministic choice patterns
subject: E-M algorithm

description: Serial nonparticipation in nonmarket valuation using choice data is a frequently observed pattern of behavior in which an individual always appears to choose the status quo or ‘no program’ alternative. In choice models serial nonparticipation may be viewed as belonging to a class of deterministic choice patterns, other examples of which include serial participation and lexicographic preferences. While common in the context of environmental goods unfamiliar to respondents, logit-based choice models are ill-equipped for identifying such preferences, because predicted choice probabilities cannot take a value of zero or one. We extend latent class analysis (LCA) of preference heterogeneity to address this issue, for each class specifying a subset of alternatives that are avoided with certainty. We are then able to partially observe class membership, knowing with certainty that an individual does not belong to a class if she selects any alternatives excluded by that class. We apply our model to a discrete choice experiment on mosquito control programs to reduce West Nile virus risk and nuisance disamenities in Madison, Wisconsin. We find that partially observable latent class analysis (POLCA) obtains the same goodness of fit as LCA with fewer parameters. Adjusting for the need to re-specify the reference alternative when the status quo is excluded, our relative valuation measures are significantly different than those obtained from LCA. We argue that our model is useful for detecting and addressing alternative-specific nonidentification in a given dataset, thus reducing the risk of invalid inference from discrete choice data.
Weather Effects on the Demand for Coastal Recreational Fishing: Implications for a Changing Climate
Creators: name: Dundas, Steven J.
name: Von Haefen, Roger H.
name: Dundas, Steven J.
name: Von Haefen, Roger H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: PLEASE SEE UPDATED VERSION, CEnREP Working Paper No. 19-016, at https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/283949... This paper estimates the demand for coastal recreational fishing in the Atlantic and Gulf Coast regions of the United States and evaluates the potential welfare implications resulting from climate change. Specifically, we use short-run variability in temperature and precipitation to estimate the effect of weather on participation in shoreline fishing in coastal waters. We then simulate how climate change may impact those choices over time. Parameter estimates are combined with predictions from five global climate models under three emissions scenarios to estimate welfare changes associated with climate change over multiple time horizons. Overall, our results suggest the effects of climate change on shoreline recreational fishing are positive and significant in the long run (2080-2099) with simulation results predicting annual gains of up to $6.83 per trip, or $304 million in the aggregate. The results are decomposed seasonally and regionally to reveal substantial heterogeneity. Welfare gains associated with increasing temperatures in the non-summer months outweigh modest losses in the summer months. The Gulf Coast region has the potential to realize welfare losses, while the Mid-Atlantic and New England are likely to experience welfare gains in all seasons. Of the nearly 45 million annual trips predicted by the model, climate change may increase participation by 0.2 to 2.2 percent in the aggregate. Given the modest negative demand responses in the Gulf and Southeast regions, evidence of adaptation is identified from a model of night fishing. Results suggest that recreational anglers may shift their activities to night as daily high temperatures increase rather than change their participation decision.
Agrilus vinitius Obenberger 1933
Creators: name: Curletti, Gianfranco
name: Migliore, Letizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Agrilus
Agrilus vinitius

description: Agrilus vinitius Obenberger, 1933
 Agrilus vinitius Obenberger, 1933a: 22.
 Material examinado: BRASIL, São Paulo, São Bernardo do Campo (Represa Rio Grande), 1 ex., Museu Dirings.
description: Published as part of Curletti, Gianfranco & Migliore, Letizia, 2014, O gênero Agrilus Curtis, 1829 nas coleções do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), pp. 81-106 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (São Paulo) 54 (8) on page 99, DOI: 10.1590/0031-1049.2014.54.08, http://zenodo.org/record/4656297
Strange metal state near quantum superconductor-metal transition in thin films
Creators: name: Tikhonov, Konstantin
name: Feigel'man, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory of quantum $T = 0$ phase transition (q-SMT) between metal and superconducting ground states in a two-dimensional metal with frozen-in spatial fluctuations $δλ(r)$ of the Cooper attraction constant. When strength of fluctuations $δλ(r)$ exceeds some critical magnitude, usual mean-field-like scenario of the q-SMT breaks down due to spontaneous formation of local droplets of superconducting phase. The density of these droplets grows exponentially with the increase of average attraction constant $λ$. Interaction between the droplet's order parameters is due to proximity effect via normal metal and scales with distance $\propto 1/r^β$ , with $2 < β\le 3$. We account for this interaction by means of a real-space strong-disorder renormalization group (RG). Near the q-SMT the RG flow is, formally, a dual equivalent of the Kosterlitz-Thouless RG. The corresponding line of fixed points describes a Griffiths phase of a metal with large fractal clusters of superconducting islands. Typical number of islands in a cluster grows as $N_δ\sim 1/δ$, where $0 < δ\ll 1 $ is the distance to the critical point. Superconducting side is described by a runaway of RG trajectories into the strong-coupling region. Close to the transition point on the SC side, $0
description: To be published in Eliashberg-90 special issue of Annals of Physics
Agrilus vitellius Obenberger 1935
Creators: name: Curletti, Gianfranco
name: Migliore, Letizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Agrilus
Agrilus vitellius

description: Agrilus vitellius Obenberger, 1935
 Agrilus vitellius Obenberger, 1935: 139.
 Material examinado: BRASIL, São Paulo, 1 ex.
description: Published as part of Curletti, Gianfranco & Migliore, Letizia, 2014, O gênero Agrilus Curtis, 1829 nas coleções do Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), pp. 81-106 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia (São Paulo) (São Paulo) 54 (8) on page 100, DOI: 10.1590/0031-1049.2014.54.08, http://zenodo.org/record/4656297
RSVQA: Visual Question Answering for Remote Sensing Data
Creators: name: Lobry, Sylvain
name: Marcos, Diego
name: Murray, Jesse
name: Tuia, Devis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces the task of visual question answering for remote sensing data (RSVQA). Remote sensing images contain a wealth of information which can be useful for a wide range of tasks including land cover classification, object counting or detection. However, most of the available methodologies are task-specific, thus inhibiting generic and easy access to the information contained in remote sensing data. As a consequence, accurate remote sensing product generation still requires expert knowledge. With RSVQA, we propose a system to extract information from remote sensing data that is accessible to every user: we use questions formulated in natural language and use them to interact with the images. With the system, images can be queried to obtain high level information specific to the image content or relational dependencies between objects visible in the images. Using an automatic method introduced in this article, we built two datasets (using low and high resolution data) of image/question/answer triplets. The information required to build the questions and answers is queried from OpenStreetMap (OSM). The datasets can be used to train (when using supervised methods) and evaluate models to solve the RSVQA task. We report the results obtained by applying a model based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the visual part and on a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) for the natural language part to this task. The model is trained on the two datasets, yielding promising results in both cases.
description: 12 pages, Published in IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. Added one experiment and authors' biographies
Exploring Ways to Lighten AMS Food and Beverage Department’s Ecological Footprint
Creators: name: Chan, Bernard
name: Chung, Mandy
name: Ergudenler, Arzu
name: Pai, Carol
name: Tong, Tiffany
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Analytic Estimates of the QCD Corrections to Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering
Creators: name: Dobrescu, Bogdan A.
name: Ellis, R. Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the QCD corrections to neutrino deep-inelastic scattering on a nucleus, and analytically estimate their size. For an isoscalar target, we show that the dominant QCD corrections to the ratio of the neutral- to charged-current events are suppressed by sin^4 theta_W, where theta_W is the weak mixing angle. We then discuss the implications for the NuTeV determination of sin^2 theta_W.
description: 16 pages, Latex