cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Practical Efficiency Limits of Solar Cells for Space Applications
Creators: name: Baur, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Solar Cells, Modules and PV Systems for Space Applications

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 16-21
description: Practical efficiency limits are established for solar cells for space applications. Starting from the
detailed balance approach that has been implemented in the open source code “etaOpt” input parameters are adjusted
in order to reproduce practical efficiencies of current record cells. It will be shown that for solar cells for space
applications a natural limit under non-concentrated air mass zero conditions and 25°C lies around 40%. This value
can be achieved with solar cells with more than four junctions and optimum bandgap combinations. An assessment of
the current cell designs suggested for the next generation space solar cell is given showing that for all concepts
efficiencies at beginning of life of above 35% are feasible.
Measurements of Dust Induced Performance Losses on Micromorph Photovoltaic Modules in Kuwait
Creators: name: Qasem, H.
name: AlBusairi, H.
name: Betts, T.R.
name: Gottschalg, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3010-3014
description: An experimental setup compromised of 6 micromorph modules was installed in Kuwait in different
orientations (30° and 0° tilted inclination). Representatives of each inclination setup were cleaned regularly. Modules
installed at 0° tilt showed higher losses in specific yield of 43% in comparison to 13.4% for the inclined ones. The
impact of dust is reduced by increasing inclinations as less dust is deposited and cleaning of rain enhanced the effect
on the 30° tilted module to 30% of the total yield gain. Furthermore, 0° tilted modules do not exhibit a significant
improvement after seasonal rains, as the dust is not removed but just forms a harder deposit. The influence of wind
fluctuations on dust accumulation over time is demonstrated, where dust accumulation increases although no direct
correlation was found. The modules’ short circuit current was the most sensitive parameter with respect to dust
accumulation, while Voc suffered the least. Modules with non-uniform dust accumulation showed a non-uniform
thermal distribution which can lead to possible module failure.
Measurement of CPV Module Energy Yield: A Comparison of Maximum Power Point Tracking and Current-Voltage Characterisations
Creators: name: Norton, M.
name: Kenny, R.P.
name: Gottschalg, R.
name: Georghiou, G.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 232-235
description: The procedure for measuring concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) module output power is detailed in the
draft IEC standard 63670-3. Though the procedure does not require a module to be held at a particular voltage bias
condition between measurements, it is appreciated that this can affect the operating temperature of cells within. An
experimental set-up has been assembled in Nicosia, Cyprus, capable of outdoor current-voltage measurements as well
as maximum power-point (mpp) tracking. The set-up has been used to test three CPV modules under normal
operating conditions outdoors over several weeks. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of the modules were
accumulated whilst being held under both mpp and at open-circuit voltage (Voc) bias between measurements.
Integrated temperature sensors provided an indication of the actual junction temperature of the cells under each bias
condition. It was found that the choice of bias condition could alter the cell operating temperatures by 3-4 °C in the
case of high-efficiency modules, equating to an average relative power loss of ~2% when operating in the hotter
condition. It is concluded that the assertions contained in the draft standard are valid for power measurement if
temperature measurements are performed in very close proximity to the cell.
Near-threshold scaling of resonant inelastic collisions at ultralow temperatures
Creators: name: Hermsmeier, Rebekah
name: Devolder, Adrien
name: Brumer, Paul
name: Tscherbul, Timur V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the cross sections for a broad range of resonant {\it inelastic} processes accompanied by excitation exchange (such as spin-exchange, Förster resonant, or angular momentum exchange) exhibit an unconventional near-threshold scaling $E^{Δm_{12}}$, where $E$ is the collision energy, $Δm_{12}=m_1'+m_2'-m_1-m_2$, and $m_i$ and $m_i'$ are the initial and final angular momentum projections of the colliding species ($i=1,\,2$). In particular, the inelastic cross sections for $Δm_{12}=0$ transitions display an unconventional $E^0$ scaling similar to that of elastic cross sections, and their rates vanish as $T^{Δm_{12}+1/2}$. For collisions dominated by even partial waves (such as those of identical bosons in the same internal state) the scaling is modified to $σ_\text{inel}\propto E^{Δm_{12} +1} $ if $Δm_{12}$ is odd. We present accurate quantum scattering calculations that illustrate these modified threshold laws for resonant spin exchange in ultracold Rb+Rb and O$_2$+O$_2$ collisions. Our results illustrate that the threshold scaling of collision cross sections is determined only by the energetics of the underlying process (resonant vs. exothermic) rather than by whether the internal states of colliding particles is changed in the collision.
Introduction to Hubbard Model and Exact Diagonalization
Creators: name: Jafari, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hubbard model is an important model in theory of strongly correlated electron systems. In this contribution we introduce this model along with numerically exact method of diagonalization of the model.
description: Lectures given in 1st national school on condensed matter. to appear in Iranian J. Phys. Res. (2008)
Single-phase and multiphase models for temperature and relative humidity calculations during forced convection in a rubber-sheet drying chamber
Creators: name: Perapong Tekasakul
name: Dejchanchaiwong, Racha
name: Yutthana Tirawanichakul
name: Supawan Tirawanichakul
Publisher: name: Maejo University
Year: 2014
Subjects: natural rubber,rubber-sheet drying,multiphase model

description: 2, 8, Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology
The validity of lie detection with criminal psychopaths
Creators: name: Patrick, Christopher John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The idea that psychopaths may be able to "beat" a standard polygraph ("lie detector") test remains a controversial issue. The one published study to date that has addressed this question directly (Raskin & Hare, 1978) has been challenged on the grounds that: 1) the polygraph testing situation lacked a 'realistic threat component, and 2) the examiner's decisions were not based on blind chart analyses (Lykken, 1978). The present study re-assessed the accuracy of the polygraph with psychopaths using a revised procedure, in response to Lykken's criticisms. Subjects were 24 psychopathic and 24 nonpsychopathic male prison inmates (aged 18-54) selected on the basis of psychopathy checklist scores (Hare, 1980) and DSM-III ratings within each diagnostic sample, equal groups of "guilty" and "innocent" subjects were tested regarding their involvement in a mock theft by experienced professional polygraphers using control question procedures. Methodological innovations included: a) a "group contingency threat" manipulation which produced a realistic motivational; atmosphere for the polygraph test, b) simultaneous recordings of physiological activity on field and laboratory polygraph instruments, and c) blind numerical analyses of the field polygraph charts. Consistent with Raskin and Hare's results, the guilty psychopaths in the present study were detected just as easily as the guilty nonpsychopaths, and the majority of guilty subjects (87%, excluding inconclusives ) were correctly identified, even when the decisions were based on blind chart analyses. However in contrast to Raskin and Hare's 91% accuracy figure for innocent subjects, the overall hit rate for innocent subjects in the present study was only 56%. Quantitative analyses of the laboratory polygraph recordings revealed few meaningful differences between psychopaths and nonpsychopaths, and the results for guilty and innocent subjects closely matched those obtained with the field polygraph. The findings were discussed in terms of their implications for the field validity of the control question test and the responsivity of psychopaths to threat.
mapsf, a New Package for Thematic Mapping
Creators: name: Giraud, Timothée
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: map
cartography
reproducible research

description: Slides: https://rcarto.github.io/user2021/ mapsf helps to design various cartographic representations such as proportional symbols, choropleth or typology maps. It also offers several functions to display layout elements that improve the graphic presentation of maps. The aim of mapsf is to obtain thematic maps with the visual quality of those built with a classical mapping or GIS software while being lightweight, versatile and user-friendly. To achieve this goal, the package takes advantage of the features offered by sf and provides a limited number of simple mapping functions. mapsf is the successor of cartography, it offers the same core features but it is simpler and more robust. Unlike other popular cartographic packages, it does not use grammar of graphics, it depends on a limited number of packages and displays georeferenced plots using base R graphics. The main function of the package, mf_map(), gives access to 9 map types: base maps, proportional or graduated symbols, choropleth maps, typology maps and various combinations of symbology. Many parameters are available to fine tune the cartographic representations. These parameters are the common ones found in GIS and automatic cartography tools (e.g. classification, color palettes, symbols sizes, legend layout...). Some additional functions are dedicated to layout design (graphic themes, legends, scale bar, north arrow, title, credits…), map insets or map exports. The development of mapsf follows the current best practices of the R ecosystem (CI/CD, coverage, tests) and its documentation is enhanced by a vignette and a website.
Wave run-up on sandbag slopes
Creators: name: Thamnoon Rasmeemasmuang
name: Wanich Chuenjai
name: Winyu Rattanapitikon
Publisher: name: Maejo University
Year: 2014
Subjects: wave run-up,coastal protection,sandbag revetment,wave steepness,surf similarity parameter

description: 1, 8, Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology
Transport coefficients of dissipative particle dynamics with finite time step
Creators: name: Noguchi, Hiroshi
name: Gompper, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The viscosity and self-diffusion constant of a mesoscale hydrodynamic method, dissipative particle dynamics (DPD), are investigated. The viscosity of DPD with finite time step, including the Lowe-Anderson thermostat, is derived analytically for the ideal-gas equation of state and phenomenologically for systems with soft repulsive potentials. The results agree well with numerical data. The scaling of the local relative velocity in molecular dynamics simulations is shown to be useful to obtain faster diffusion than for the DPD thermostat.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Avaliação preliminar da diversidade e abundância de artrópodes num pomar de aveleiras
Creators: name: Santos, António
name: Lopes, Arminda
name: Martins, Sérgio
name: Amaro Da Costa, Cristina
Publisher: name: Revista de Ciências Agrárias
Year: 2021

description: A biodiversidade funcional é uma mais-valia para os sistemas agrícolas, em particular pelo papel que desempenha na promoção de vários serviços do ecossistema, designadamente a limitação natural dos inimigos das culturas. A biodiversidade de artrópodes associados à cultura da aveleira em Portugal, em particular no que se refere à fauna auxiliar, é pouco conhecida, resumindo-se a listagens das pragas mais relevantes. Neste sentido, com o objetivo de contribuir para a conservação e promoção da biodiversidade funcional, na cultura da aveleira, importa conhecer a diversidade e abundância de artrópodes deste agroecossistema. O trabalho foi desenvolvido no pomar de aveleiras da Estação Agrária de Viseu, conduzido em modo de produção biológico. Procedeu-se à recolha de artrópodes, quinzenalmente, entre maio e agosto de 2018, através da técnica das pancadas, após o que foram triados em laboratório e separados por ordens, morfotipos e tipos funcionais (predadores, parasitóides, fitófagos, detritívoros e indiferentes). Capturaram-se 1557 artrópodes pertencentes a 9 ordens da classe Insecta (88% dos exemplares) e à classe Arachnida (ordem: Araneae). Relativamente à classe Insecta, as ordens mais abundantes foram: Hemiptera – subordem Heteroptera, (Anthocoridae e Miridae), Coleoptera (maior número de morfotipos, em particular da família Coccinelidae) e, ainda, Hymenoptera, Dermaptera e Neuroptera. Palavras-chave: frutos secos, entomofauna, biodiversidade funcional, Corylus avellana L.
description: Revista de Ciências Agrárias, Vol. 43 N.º nsp2 (2020): Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 43, nº. especial 2
Amendoeira: uma aproximação quantitativa à disponibilidade de subprodutos
Creators: name: Rodrigues, M. Ângelo
name: Barreira, João C.M.
name: Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.
name: Bento, Albino
Publisher: name: Revista de Ciências Agrárias
Year: 2021

description: A amêndoa já foi um dos principais produtos de exportação do setor agrícola em Portugal. Contudo, a presença crescente no mercado mundial de amêndoa produzida na Califórnia a preços muito baixos e o despovoamento do meio rural, sobretudo a partir da década de 1970, levaram ao progressivo abandono da cultura. Amendoeira [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D. A. Webb], contudo, nunca deixou de ser uma espécie emblemática em Portugal. Ainda que com baixo valor económico continuou a criar paisagens deslumbrantes, com a sua floração precoce, atraindo turísticas ao interior, em particular ao Vale do Douro e afluentes, onde sempre foi mantendo algum valor para a economia familiar. Nos últimos anos, contudo, tem havido um renovado interesse na cultura. O aumento do consumo de amêndoa a nível mundial tem criado condições para que os preços se mantenham um pouco mais atrativos que em anos anteriores o que, associado à falência generalizada do setor arvense de sequeiro do interior do país, tem estimulado o aparecimento de novas plantações de amendoal. Nos anos recentes a amendoeira tem sido valorizada pela amêndoa comestível e pontualmente em roteiros turísticos de inverno associados à floração, como se referiu. Contudo, diversos subprodutos da amendoeira podem ser valorizados, desde cascas, folhas e lenhas de poda. Neste trabalho faz-se uma estimativa da quantidade desses materiais que é produzida em Portugal e apresentam-se pistas para valorizações potenciais.
description: Revista de Ciências Agrárias, Vol. 43 N.º nsp2 (2020): Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 43, nº. especial 2
Investigation of Excess Charge Carrier Lifetime Mesurements on Samples of Arbitrary Thickness
Creators: name: Turek, M.
name: Lauer, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1045-1048
description: Carrier lifetime measurements are a very powerful tool in the semi-conductor material characterization
as they are very sensitive to variations in the material quality. However, the measurable carrier lifetime always
depends on both material and surface properties. A number of techniques have been established to separate these two
contributions to the measured lifetime for thin wafers on the one side or thick blocks on the other side. In this work,
we present a systematic analysis of the results that can be obtained on samples of arbitrary thickness. In particular we
study the measurable transient lifetime on unpassivated and passivated silicon-slices of varying thickness. It turns out
that measurement tool specific parameters such as measurement time, sensor penetration length, and length of the
initial flash influence the measurable lifetime in a significant way.
Estimativa quantificada dos subprodutos do castanheiro e algumas utilizações potenciais
Creators: name: Rodrigues, M. Ângelo
name: Barreira, João C.M.
name: Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.
name: Bento, Albino
Publisher: name: Revista de Ciências Agrárias
Year: 2021

description: O setor do castanheiro (Castanea sativa Mill.) encontra-se numa situação de grande ambiguidade. Se por um lado os produtores têm sentido um forte estímulo a apostar na cultura, devido aos preços favoráveis que a castanha vem mantendo, por outro tende a surgir algum desânimo, pelas doenças e pragas que enfermam a cultura. De qualquer forma, a castanha continua a ser a principal fonte de receita dos agricultores de diversas freguesias do Norte e Centro do país. No presente, o castanheiro é valorizado sobretudo pela parte comestível da castanha. Contudo, numa perspetiva de aumento da rendibilidade dos produtores e demais agentes da fileira e da sustentabilidade dos sistemas de produção, seria importante encontrar novas valorizações para os subprodutos associados à colheita e transformação industrial. Cascas, ouriços, flores, folhas e lenha de poda podem ser matérias-primas importantes para diferentes áreas de negócio, em especial porque contêm um elevado número de compostos químicos com potencial aplicação na indústria alimentar e/ou farmacêutica. Neste trabalho serão apresentados alguns dados estatísticos da cultura e apresentada uma estimativa da produção dos subprodutos, bem como algumas das suas potenciais utilizações.
description: Revista de Ciências Agrárias, Vol. 43 N.º nsp2 (2020): Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 43, nº. especial 2
Search for new phenomena in leptonic final states at CMS
Creators: name: Ghosh, Saranya Samik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many new physics models, e.g., compositeness, extra dimensions, extended Higgs sectors, supersymmetric theories, and dark sector extensions, are expected to manifest themselves in the final states with leptons. Searches in CMS for new phenomena in the final states that include leptons, focusing on the recent results obtained using the Run-II data set collected at the LHC are described here.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, Proceedings for the 40th International Conference on High Energy physics - ICHEP2020
Four-dimensional double singular oscillator
Creators: name: Petrosyan, Mara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schrödinger equation for the four-dimensional double singular oscillator is separable in Eulerian, doble polar and spheroidal coordinates in ${\rm I R}^4$. It is shown that the coefficients for the expansion of double polar basis in terms of the Eulerian basis can be expressed through the Clebsch-Gordan coefficients of the group SU(2) analytically continued to real values of their arguments. The coefficients for the expansions of the spheroidal basis in terms of the Eulerian and double polar bases are proved to satisfy three-term recursion relations.
description: 10 pages
Non-Linearity Effects of a Detector Due to Pulsed Radiation
Creators: name: Fey, T.
name: Kröger, I.
name: Winter, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Standardisation

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3697-3699
description: The DSR method of the PTB is based on the combination of a monochromatic beam and additional
bias radiation. It is successfully applied for the primary calibration of reference solar cells with smallest uncertainties
of 0.5% of the photocurrent under standard test conditions. The monochromatic beam allows determining the spectral
responsivity at different bias irradiance levels. The bias irradiance is normally set to the working point of the solar
cell at a certain level (i.e. ESTC = 1000 W/m²). In a standard DSR setup the monochromatic radiation is based on a
lamp and a following monochromator setup. The new facility at PTB uses a tuneable laser system to generate
monochromatic light. More optical power and a lower bandwidth belong to the advantages of this system. However,
tuneable lasers use pulsed light. Since the pulses could change the response of the solar cell due to saturation effects
and the non-linearity of solar cells we developed a pulse-to-cw converter to minimize this problem.
Cascade Birth of Universes in Multidimensional Spaces
Creators: name: Rubin, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation mechanism of universes with distinctly different properties is considered within the framework of pure gravity in a space of D > 4 dimensions. The emergence of the Planck scale and its relationship to the inflaton mass are discussed.
description: 10 p., minor corrections
The Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Activity of Cu-Doped TiO2 Thin Films
Creators: name: Weerachai SANGCHAY, Lek SIKONG
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2013
Subjects: TiO2, thin films, photocatalytic activity, antibacterial activity, Cu dope

description: 1, 10, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Hydrothermal pretreatment of Platanus orientalis Linn fallen leaves: effects of process conditions on anaerobic digestion
Creators: name: Gong, Lei
name: Ma, Xiaofan
name: Xue, Hongbin
name: Guo, Chunqian
name: Zhang, Shijun
name: Zhou, Jun
name: Zhang, Haonan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Platanus orientalis Linn is widely distributed as a famous street tree, and its fallen leaves are a rich biomass resource. The fallen leaves of Platanus orientalis Linn (FLPOL) can be resourcefully treated by generating biogas through anaerobic digestion. This study aimed to assess the anaerobic digestion (AD) performance of FLPOL under different hydrothermal pretreatment (HTP) conditions (solid–liquid ratio 2–10%, residence times 0.5–2.5 h, and temperatures 120–200°C). The solid–liquid ratio, residence time, and temperature determined by energy balance calculation were 6%, 2.0 h, and 180°C, respectively, and the energy balance was 1.823 kJ/g biomass. Under these conditions, the methane yield of the process water was 56.85 mL/g·VS. The methanogenic potential, hydrolysis rate, maximum methanogenic rate, and the lag period obtained by the Fitzhugh first-order kinetic model and the modified Gompertz model were 101.803 mL/g·VS, 0.130 d−1, 14.207 mL/(g·VS·d) and 1.332 d, respectively. The research results suggest that HTP has an important role in promoting the large-scale AD application of FLPOL.
Twistors, 4-symmetric spaces and integrable systems
Creators: name: Burstall, Francis E.
name: Khemar, Idrisse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An order four automorphism of a Lie algebra gives rise to an integrable system discussed by Terng. We show that solutions of this system may be identified with certain vertically harmonic twistor lifts of conformal maps of surfaces in a Riemannian symmetric space. Specialising to 4-dimensional target, we find that surfaces with holomorphic mean curvature in 4-dimensional spaces with constant sectional or holomorphic sectional curvatures constitute an integrable system as do Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian surfaces in a 4-dimensional Hermitian symmetric space (this last being a result of Helein-Romon).
description: 9 pages. v2: corrected typo in metadata
The role of disturbance in permanent pastures
Creators: name: Parish, Roberta
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis investigates how small disturbances influence community structure in three permanent pastures. Small disturbances play an important role in providing spatial heterogeneity that permits new recruits to enter populations in closed sward communities, thereby promoting diversity and species co-existence. The thesis has four components: the first two are based on observation and measurement of the occurrence of small disturbances, molehills and dung pats, in three pastures. Within pasture seasonal changes in disturbance regime were related to changes in patterns of species abundance by multidimensional contingency table analysis. Dactylis glomerata, Agropyron repens and Taraxacum officinale increased in highly disturbed plots, whereas Holcus lanatus and Trifolium repens decreased. Invasion of molehills and dung pats was usually by rhizomes or stolons from surrounding plants. Seedling recruitment was rare: Trifolium repens was the only species dependent on small gaps for sexual regeneration. Patterns of species replacement on and around the disturbances were non-random. The third part of the thesis investigated the effects of selective removal of Lolium perenne, Holcus lanatus and Trifolium repens from the oldest and youngest pastures. Strong responses to the removal of these species were found only in grasses in the youngest pasture. This is consistent with the hypothesis that competition decreases over time because of niche divergence, but may also reflect biological accommodation to grazing pressure. The fourth part of the thesis investigated changes in species composition in simulated swards in response to different regimes of mowing, fertilizer and small gap creation. Species composition was strongly influenced by mowing and fertilization but was unresponsive to small gap creation.
Synthetic Convolutional Features for Improved Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: He, Yang
name: Schiele, Bernt
name: Fritz, Mario
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Recently, learning-based image synthesis has enabled to generate high-resolution images, either applying popular adversarial training or a powerful perceptual loss. However, it remains challenging to successfully leverage synthetic data for improving semantic segmentation with additional synthetic images. Therefore, we suggest to generate intermediate convolutional features and propose the first synthesis approach that is catered to such intermediate convolutional features. This allows us to generate new features from label masks and include them successfully into the training procedure in order to improve the performance of semantic segmentation. Experimental results and analysis on two challenging datasets Cityscapes and ADE20K show that our generated feature improves performance on segmentation tasks.
Cahiers Louis Dumur. 2014, n° 1
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Littérature du XXe siècle
subject: Histoire littéraire
subject: Louis Dumur
subject: Mercure de France
subject: Genève
subject: Première guerre mondiale
subject: Réalisme
subject: Révolution russe
subject: Revue

description: Contributeurs : Françoise Dubosson, Antoine Débois, Nicolas Gex, François Jacob, Sabine Maffre, Philippe Martin-Horie, Antoine Piantoni et Martina Stemberger.
Is the Universe More Transparent to Gamma Rays Than Previously Thought?
Creators: name: Stecker, Floyd W.
name: Scully, Sean T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MAGIC collaboration has recently reported the detection of the strong gamma-ray blazar 3C279 during a 1-2 day flare. They have used their spectral observations to draw conclusions regarding upper limits on the opacity of the Universe to high energy gamma-rays and, by implication, upper limits on the extragalactic mid-infrared background radiation. In this paper we examine the effect of gamma-ray absorption by the extragalactic infrared radiation on intrinsic spectra for this blazar and compare our results with the observational data on 3C279. We find agreement with our previous results, contrary to the recent assertion of the MAGIC group that the Universe is more transparent to \gray s than our calculations indicate. Our analysis indicates that in the energy range between ~80 and ~500 GeV, 3C279 has a best-fit intrinsic spectrum with a spectral index ~1.78 using our fast evolution model and ~2.19 using our baseline model. However, we also find that spectral indices in the range of 0.0 to 3.0 are almost as equally acceptable as the best fit spectral indices. Assuming the same intrinsic spectral index for this flare as for the 1991 flare from 3C279 observed by EGRET, viz., 2.02, which lies between our best fit indices, we estimate that the MAGIC flare was ~3 times brighter than the EGRET flare observed 15 years earlier.
description: version accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Impurity Control of Quartz Crucible Coatings for Directional Solidification of Silicon
Creators: name: Schumann, M.
name: Meyer, S.
name: Schmid, C.
name: Haas, F.
name: Riepe, S.
name: Cröll, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1049-1053
description: Due to the price pressure for silicon photovoltaics the loss of silicon material during directional
solidification has to be minimized. In the presented work the areas of reduced lifetime at the edges of a
multicrystalline silicon ingot are investigated. Until now these areas cannot be used for solar cells. It has been studied
which process parts in crystallizing silicon have an influence on this area. It was found that by reducing the impurity
levels of the crucible material the area of low lifetime at the edge of the ingot is smaller. It was shown that the coating
application has not a detrimental effect on the impurity level of the coating. The crystallization velocity also has an
inferior role. Overall it can be said that a control of the impurity level of the crucible is crucial in order to reduce the
low lifetime areas at the edge of the ingot.
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: November 2018 California 48 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); California Congressional District 48 (1); Democratic Candidate Harley Rouda (1); Republican Candidate Dana Rohrabacher (1); opinion of various public figures (2); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); political partisanship (1).
Additional file 1 of Nanoconjugates to enhance PDT-mediated cancer immunotherapy by targeting the indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase pathway
Creators: name: Yang, Xueyuan
name: Zhang, Weizhong
name: Jiang, Wen
name: Kumar, Anil
name: Zhou, Shiyi
name: Cao, Zhengwei
name: Zhan, Shuyue
name: Yang, Wei
name: Liu, Rui
name: Teng, Yong
name: Xie, Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Additional Information includes a schematic illustration of nanoparticle preparation, additional experimental data for PLGA-b-PEG characterizations, nanoparticle cytotoxicity, tumor growth in the re-challenge study, animal survival, central and effector memory T cell abundance, and absorbance spectra.
Cz-Si Material Influence on PERL-Type Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Horzel, J.
name: Tous, L.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Seidl, A.
name: Russell, R.
name: Cornagliotti, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 780-788
description: New process architectures are entering into industrial c-Si solar cell production. The device
architectures and respective process flows lead therefore to new requirements with respect to the Si material. This
contribution aims at improving understanding for requirements in advanced industrially applicable PERL-type solar
cell processing and adequate material specifications. Analysis and understanding of CZ-Si defect patterns are
addressed. The focus is on advanced industrially applicable CZ-Si solar cells applying new emitters, improved
contacts and passivation schemes.
Depending on the type of process sequence and parameters that are applied major reductions in solar cell
performance are noticed and require to adapt Cz-Si material specification and processing. It is essential to influence
base doping and defects like interstitial oxygen, vacancies, Si self interstitials as well as metal impurities already
during crystal growth. The thermal history of the CZ-Si material (from crystal growth) when starting solar cell
processing is often not known or communicated to solar cell manufacturers but has strong influence on the final solar
cell results. Roads to industrial p-type CZ-Si i-PERL processing with stable efficiencies exceeding 21% are indicated
and resulted so far in average efficiencies of 20.4% over a complete ingot length and a best efficiency of 20.6%.
Efeito da torra e temperatura de conservação nas características físico-químicas e sensoriais de miolo de amêndoa da variedade tradicional Duro Italiano
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Nuno
name: Antunes, Rogério
name: Oliveira, Catarina
name: Rodrigues, Sandra
name: Podence, Morgane
name: Pereira, José Alberto
name: Ramalhosa, Elsa
Publisher: name: Revista de Ciências Agrárias
Year: 2021

description: No presente trabalho estudou-se o efeito da torra e do tempo de conservação de amêndoas de uma variedade tradicional Portuguesa, a Duro Italiano. Para isso, foram constituídos seis lotes de miolo de amêndoa, em que três deles foram sujeitos a torra, enquanto os restantes não foram sujeitos a qualquer tratamento. Posteriormente, metade das amostras foram armazenadas à temperatura ambiente e expostas à luz, enquanto a outra metade foi colocada a 50 ºC. Ao longo de quatro semanas, avaliaram-se diversos parâmetros físico-químicos e sensoriais. Não se observaram grandes alterações na aw, tanto nas amêndoas cruas como nas torradas, quando armazenadas à temperatura ambiente, com valores médios de 0,47, enquanto nas amêndoas colocadas a 50 ºC, verificou-se um valor inferior (0,21). Na cor exterior do miolo registaram-se alterações significativas em alguns parâmetros, tendencia não observada no interior do miolo. A avaliação sensorial mostrou existir uma diminuição da dureza ao longo do armazenamento, e aparecimento de ranço ligeiro ao fim de quatro semanas, no miolo cru e no torrado, quando colocados a 50 ºC. Os resultados indicam que o miolo desta variedade tradicional, mesmo quando colocado em condições adversas de conservação, mantém-se em condições de ser consumido.
description: Revista de Ciências Agrárias, Vol. 43 N.º nsp2 (2020): Revista de Ciências Agrárias, vol. 43, nº. especial 2
Silicon Doping Performed by Different Diffusion Sources Aiming Co-Diffusion
Creators: name: Keding, R.
name: Rothhardt, P.
name: Roters, C.
name: Fallisch, A.
name: Hohage, S.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Woehl, R.
name: Borchert, D.
name: Biro, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1906-1911
description: In this work several diffusion sources are investigated, aiming at simultaneous phosphorus and boron doping of silicon from different diffusion sources. This challenging process step is called co-diffusion. In the context of this work boron- and phosphorus-doped silicate glass (BSG and PSG) as solid diffusion sources and phosphorus oxychloride (POCl3) as gaseous precursor for phosphorus diffusion are investigated. The combination of solid and gaseous diffusion sources leads to a high flexibility in adjusting sheet resistances on the one hand and to a simplification of process flows on the other. In this work the sheet resistance of p+-doped areas is varied in the range of Rsh = 50 – 300 Ω/sq by varying composition and thickness of the solid diffusion sources. The deposition of these
solid diffusion sources is carried out by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) using two different
process equipments. The excellent passivation capability of the highly p+-doped silicon surfaces has lead to dark saturation current densities J0 = 29.6 fA/cm². In the case of silicon n+-doping with gaseous diffusion sources, the variation of sheet resistance is possible by adjusting the gaseous composition in the ambience during diffusion. The sheet resistance has been varied in the range of Rsh = 50-500 Ω/sq. In the case of n+-doping the measured dark
saturation current densities have been J0 = 58.6 fA/cm2 and thus show the high potential of these diffusions for
implementation in process sequences of high efficiency silicon solar cells.
Orbital order in degenerate Hubbard models : A variational study
Creators: name: Buenemann, Joerg
name: Javorne-Radnoczi, Katalin
name: Fazekas, Patrik
name: Gebhard, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Gutzwiller variational many-body theory to investigate the stability of orbitally ordered states in a two-band Hubbard-model without spin degrees of freedom. Our results differ significantly from earlier Hartree-Fock calculations for this model. The Hartree-Fock phase diagram displays a large variety of orbital orders. In contrast, in the Gutzwiller approach orbital order only appears for densities in a narrow region around half filling.
description: final version
Impact of Reverse Breakdown in Shaded Silicon Solar Cells on Module Level: Simulation and Experiment
Creators: name: Geisemeyer, I.
name: Fertig, F.
name: Warta, W.
name: Rein, S.
name: Schubert, M.C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 870-874
description: In this work, we present a method to predict temperature fields of cells assembled into solar modules
under partial shading conditions prior to module fabrication. Our approach consists of three steps; (i) measure the
power dissipation spatially resolved on cell level using lock-in thermography, (ii) determine the operating points of
the partially shaded cell and module for different shading scenarios and (iii) separate the totally dissipated power into
contributions by the cell’s local reverse behaviour in the dark and the impact of illumination. Using the results of
these three steps as input parameters, we simulate stationary temperature fields using a three dimensional thermal
simulation in order to evaluate the potential of a damage due to hot spots on the solar cell. We achieved good
agreement between simulated temperature fields and experimental infrared images of a test module for different
shading scenarios. Furthermore, we gain depth-resolved information which is not accessible during hot spot testing.
Technology and Climate Trends in PV Module Degradation
Creators: name: Jordan, D.C.
name: Wohlgemuth, J.H.
name: Kurtz, S.R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3118-3124
description: To sustain the commercial success of photovoltaic (PV) technology it is vital to know how power
output decreases with time. Unfortunately, it can take years to accurately measure the long-term degradation of new
products, but past experience on older products can provide a basis for prediction of degradation rates of new
products. An extensive search resulted in more than 2000 reported degradation rates with more than 1100 reported
rates that include some or all IV parameters. In this paper we discuss how the details of the degradation data give
clues about the degradation mechanisms and how they depend on technology and climate zones as well as how they
affect current and voltage differently. The largest contributor to maximum power decline for crystalline Si
technologies is short circuit current (or maximum current) degradation and to a lesser degree loss in fill factor. Thinfilm
technologies are characterized by a much higher contribution from fill factor particularly for humid climates.
Crystalline Si technologies in hot & humid climates also display a higher probability to show a mixture of losses (not
just short circuit current losses) compared to other climates. The distribution for the module I-V parameters (electrical
mismatch) was found to change with field exposure. The distributions not only widened but also developed a tail at
the lower end, skewing the distribution.
Coupling of pairing and triaxial shape vibrations in collective states of $γ$-soft nuclei
Creators: name: Nomura, K.
name: Vretenar, D.
name: Li, Z. P.
name: Xiang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to shape oscillations, low-energy excitation spectra of deformed nuclei are also influenced by pairing vibrations. The simultaneous description of these collective modes and their coupling has been a long-standing problem in nuclear structure theory. Here we address the problem in terms of self-consistent mean-field calculations of collective deformation energy surfaces, and the framework of the interacting boson approximation. In addition to quadrupole shape vibrations and rotations, the explicit coupling to pairing vibrations is taken into account by a boson-number non-conserving Hamiltonian, specified by a choice of a universal density functional and pairing interaction. An illustrative calculation for $^{128}$Xe and $^{130}$Xe shows the importance of dynamical pairing degrees of freedom, especially for structures built on low-energy $0^+$ excited states, in $γ$-soft and triaxial nuclei.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Analysis of a Suitable Model for Spectral Response of a Photovoltaic Device
Creators: name: Sara, I.D.
name: Betts, T.R.
name: Gottschalg, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Fundamental Material Studies

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 471-475
description: This paper examines some models to represent spectral response of a photovoltaic (PV) device. Five types of
spectral response (SR) models have been selected, i.e. the fourth and the sixth order polynomial models, the fourth and fifth order
Gaussian distribution models and the exponential external quantum efficiency (ExpEQE) model. To select the best model for
representing spectral response of any PV devices, the models were tested to fit some measured spectral response of three selected
PV devices i.e. mono-crystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous silicon PV devices. A nonlinear fitting algorithm has been used
as fitting tool to find the fitted parameters of the tested SR models. The sum square error (SSE) and the goodness of the shape
were used as criteria for selecting an appropriate SR model. The results show that the fourth and fifth order Gaussian distribution
models agree very well to fit all selected PV devices. The fourth and the sixth polynomial models show unrealistic SR result as
negative SR for certain wavelength ranges are produced and the ExpEQE model works only for amorphous silicon PV device. To
sum up, the fifth order Gaussian distribution models are more suitable mathematical model among the selected models to
represent spectral response of different PV technologies and it can be used to obtain accurate SR of a PV device.
Ground State Properties of an Asymmetric Hubbard Model for Unbalanced Ultracold Fermionic Quantum Gases
Creators: name: Gottwald, T.
name: van Dongen, P. G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to describe unbalanced ultracold fermionic quantum gases on optical lattices in a harmonic trap, we investigate an attractive ($U<0$) asymmetric ($t_\uparrow\neq t_\downarrow$) Hubbard model with a Zeeman-like magnetic field. In view of the model's spatial inhomogeneity, we focus in this paper on the solution at Hartree-Fock level. The Hartree-Fock Hamiltonian is diagonalized with particular emphasis on superfluid phases. For the special case of spin-independent hopping we analytically determine the number of solutions of the resulting self-consistency equations and the nature of the possible ground states at weak coupling. Numerical results for unbalanced Fermi-mixtures are presented within the local density approximation. In particular, we find a fascinating shell structure, involving normal and superfluid phases. For the general case of spin-dependent hopping we calculate the density of states and the possible superfluid phases in the ground state. In particular, we find a new magnetized superfluid phase.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Nickel Plating on p+ Silicon - A Characterization of Contact Resistivity and Line Resistance
Creators: name: Seren, S.
name: Braun, S.
name: Schiele, Y.
name: Hahn, G.
name: Terheiden, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1777-1780
description: Nickel plating on p+ Si is a promising approach for the metallization of n-type Si solar cells. Ni acts as
diffusion barrier for copper, which is used for thickening of the Ni contacts. In this work the adhesion and the contact
resistivities of Ni plated lines on different boron emitters as well as the line resistances are evaluated. For that
purpose, boron emitters with different sheet resistances on Czochralski n-type Si wafers are used. The dielectric
passivation layer (SiNx) on top of the emitter is locally opened by photolithography or by laser ablation to perform a
line structure, which is afterwards electroless Ni plated. During a sintering step, nickel silicide is formed to achieve
the required adherence and contact resistivity to the Si. To improve the adherence of the Ni plated layer and therefore
to decrease the contact resistivity, a plating process with two separated Ni plating steps, named “two-step Ni plating”,
is introduced. With this process narrow and sharp lines (15-80 μm) with contact resistivities of about 0.6 mΩcm² are
demonstrated. Using electrodeposition of Cu, line resistances of 0.45 Ω/cm are measured with line widths below
50 μm. This work demonstrates that the introduced plating technique is well suited for high efficient solar cell.