cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The socio-economic significance of the store front church movement in the United States since 1920
Creators: name: Williams, Chancellor
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: The store-front church movement represents a special type of religious development which attracted widespread attention and study during the period following the first World War. The large number of cheap vacant stores during the depression often presented the only place of worship available to groups, and the name "store front" came into common use for all the new churches then being organized in our large cities. Public interest in the church groups which comprised the movement was reflected in numerous newspaper reports, magazine articles, radio programs, college theses, the publication of books on the movement, tax investigations by Government agencies and a series of court battles which involved all of the major groups which are covered in this study. The four groups with which this study deals began as small local bodies, rapidly spread over the nation, and actually became international in the scope of their operations. It was, perhaps, the spectacular growth of the movement that seemed to make it somewhat of a puzzle in the public mind, and raised the question of its causes, and its significance.
Stellar Streams in Chameleon Gravity
Creators: name: Naik, A. P.
name: Evans, N. W.
name: Puchwein, E.
name: Zhao, H.
name: Davis, A. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories of gravity that incorporate new scalar degrees of freedom typically require screening mechanisms to ensure consistency with Solar System tests. One widely-studied mechanism -- the chameleon -- can lead to violations of the equivalence principle (EP), as screened and unscreened objects fall differently. If the stars are screened but the surrounding dark matter is not, this leads to asymmetry between leading and trailing streams. We provide analytic estimates of the magnitude of this effect for realistic Galactic mass distributions. Using a restricted N-body code, we simulate 4 satellites with a range of masses and orbits, together with a variety of strengths of the fifth force and screening levels of the Milky Way and satellite. The ratio of the cumulative number function of stars in the leading and trailing stream as a function of longitude from the satellite is computable from simulations, measurable from the stellar data and can provide a direct test. We forecast constraints for streams at large Galactocentric distances, using the specific example case of Hu-Sawicki gravity. Streams with apocentres between 100 and 200 kpc provide attainable constraints at the level of $|f_{R0}| = 10^{-7}$. Still more stringent constraints at the level of $10^{-7.5}$ or even $10^{-8}$ are plausible provided the environmental screening of the satellite is accounted for. These would be among the tightest astrophysical constraints to date. We note further signatures of chameleon gravity: (i) the trailing stellar stream may become detached from the dark matter progenitor if all the stars are lost, (ii) in the extreme fifth force regime, striations in the stellar trailing tail may develop, (iii) if the satellite is fully screened, its orbital frequency is lower than that of the associated dark matter, which is preferentially liberated into the leading tidal tail.
description: PRD, 22 pages, 14 figures
Magnetization steps in Zn_(1-x)Mn_xO: Four largest exchange constants and single-ion anisotropy
Creators: name: Gratens, X.
name: Bindilatti, V.
name: Oliveira,, N. F.
name: Shapira, Y.
name: Foner, S.
name: Golacki, Z.
name: Haas, T. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetization steps (MST's) from Mn pairs in several single crystals of Zn_(1-x)Mn_xO (0.0056<=x<=0.030, and in one powder (x=0.029), were observed. The largest two exchange constants, J1/kB=-18.2+/-0.5K and J1'/kB=-24.3+/-0.6K, were obtained from large peaks in the differential susceptibility, dM/dH, measured in pulsed magnetic fields, H, up to 500 kOe. These two largest J's are associated with the two inequivalent classes of nearest neighbors (NN's) in the wurtzite structure. The 29% difference between J1 and J1' is substantially larger than 13% in CdS:Mn, and 15% in CdSe:Mn. The pulsed-field data also indicate that, despite the direct contact between the samples and a superfluid-helium bath, substantial departures from thermal equilibrium occurred during the 7.4 ms pulse. The third- and fourth-largest J's were determined from the magnetization M at 20 mK, measured in dc magnetic fields H up to 90 kOe. Both field orientations H||c and H||[10-10] were studied. (The [10-10] direction is perpendicular to the c-axis, [0001].) By definition, neighbors which are not NN's are distant neighbors (DN's). The largest DN exchange constant (third-largest overall), has the value J/kB=-0.543+/-0.005K, and is associated with the DN at r=c. Because this is not the closest DN, this result implies that the J's do not decrease monotonically with the distance r. The second-largest DN exchange constant (fourth-largest overall), has the value J/kB=-0.080 K. It is associated with one of the two classes of neighbors that have a coordination number z=12, but the evidence is insufficient for a definite unique choice. The dependence of M on the direction of H gives D/kB=-0.039+/-0.008K, in fair agreement with -0.031 K from earlier EPR work.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to PRB
Additional file 5 of Transcriptomic analysis reveals vacuolar Na+ (K+)/H+ antiporter gene contributing to growth, development, and defense in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)
Creators: name: Yanhua Huang
name: Cui, Xin
name: Huifang Cen
name: Kehua Wang
name: Yunwei Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S3. Significant upregulated transporters in transgenic compared to WT plants. (DOCX 16 kb)
The role of Physical Education to in-school moderate to vigorous physical activity among primary school children
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaoqing
name: Chen, Sitong
name: Tang, Yan
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Physical education (PE) is an important opportunity to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in school. The purpose of the study was to identify the role of PE classes to in-school MVPA in primary school children. Methods: 382 children aged 9–11 years from 18 primary schools in Shanghai China were analyzed. Accelerometers were used to assess participants’ sedentary behavior (SED), light PA (LPA), and MVPA during in-school hours and PE classes. Multiple liner regression was used to examine the roles of PE classes to in-school MVPA. Results: Boys accumulated more LPA and MVPA, and less SED than girls during in-school hours (p < 0.001). More boys met in-school MVPA recommendations than girls (p < 0.001). During PE classes, boys accumulated more LPA and less SED than girls (p < 0.001). The accumulated MVPA in PE classes was not significantly different in sexes (p > 0.05). None of the children met the MVPA recommendation in PE classes (50% of time spent on MVPA). Regression analyses indicated that for each one-minute increase in MVPA during PE, there was an associated 1.4 minute increase in in-school MVPA after controlling for sex and BMI (R2 = 0.361, p < 0.001). Conclusions: PE classes positively contribute to in-school MVPA among primary school children. Participations in high-quality PE classes seem to be a promising strategy to increase accumulated MVPA in-school hours. Funding: Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China (No.18ATY008).
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Extended formulation and valid inequalities for the multi-item inventory lot-sizing problem with supplier selection
Creators: name: Cárdenas-Barrón, Leopoldo E.
name: Melo, Rafael A.
name: Santos, Marcio C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the multi-item inventory lot-sizing problem with supplier selection. The problem consists of determining an optimal purchasing plan in order to satisfy dynamic deterministic demands for multiple items over a finite planning horizon, considering that multiple suppliers are available to purchase from. As the complexity of the problem was an open question, we show that it is NP-hard. We propose a facility location extended formulation for the problem which can be preprocessed based on the cost structure and describe new valid inequalities in the original space of variables. Furthermore, we study the projection of the extended formulation into the original space and show the connection between the inequalities generated by this projection and the newly proposed inequalities. Additionally, we present a simple and easy to implement yet very effective MIP (mixed integer programming) heuristic using the extended formulation. Besides, we introduce two new benchmark sets of instances to assess the performance of the approaches under different cost structures. Computational results show that the preprocessing approach can significantly reduce the size of the formulation to be solved, allowing both an increase in the number of instances solved to optimality within the time limit and a reduction on the average time to solve them. Moreover, the described inequalities can improve the performance of a standard formulation for nearly all instance groups. They can also be used to provide strong lower bounds for certain large instances for which the preprocessed facility location formulation fails even to provide a linear relaxation bound due to memory limitations. Furthermore, the proposed MIP heuristic outperforms the heuristics available in the literature as it obtains solution values which at least match those reported for all instance groups, strictly improving most of them.
S4N: A Spectroscopic Survey of Stars in the Solar Neighborhood
Creators: name: Prieto, Carlos Allende
name: Barklem, Paul S.
name: Lambert, David L.
name: Cunha, Katia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [ABRIDGED] We report the results of a high-resolution spectroscopic survey of all the stars more luminous than Mv = 6.5 mag within 14.5 pc from the Sun. We derive stellar parameters and perform a preliminary abundance and kinematic analysis of the F-G-K stars in the sample. The inferred metallicity ([Fe/H]) distribution is centered at about -0.1 dex, and shows a standard deviation of 0.2 dex. We identify a number of metal-rich K-type stars which appear to be very old, confirming the claims for the existence of such stars in the solar neighborhood. With atmospheric effective temperatures and gravities derived independently of the spectra, we find that our classical LTE model-atmosphere analysis of metal-rich (and mainly K-type) stars provides discrepant abundances from neutral and ionized lines of several metals. Based on transitions of majority species, we discuss abundances of 16 chemical elements. In agreement with earlier studies we find that the abundance ratios to iron of Si, Sc, Ti, Co, and Zn become smaller as the iron abundance increases until approaching the solar values, but the trends reverse for higher iron abundances. At any given metallicity, stars with a `low' galactic rotational velocity tend to have high abundances of Mg, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, Co, Zn, and Eu, but low abundances of Ba, Ce, and Nd. The Sun appears deficient by roughly 0.1 dex in O, Si, Ca, Sc, Ti, Y, Ce, Nd, and Eu, compared to its immediate neighbors with similar iron abundances.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures, to appear in A&A; data can be accessed from http://hebe.as.utexas.edu/s4n/ or http://www.astro.uu.se/~s4n/
Leodice Savigny 1818
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Eunicida
Eunicidae
Leodice

description: Leodice Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 (reinstated fide Zanol et al. 2014)
 accrescens Hoagland, 1920: Jolo, Philippines. USNM 18956 (= Palola accrescens fide Fauchald 1992a) USNM 18956
 articulata Hoagland, 1920: Leyte Island, Philippines. USNM 18955 (junior homonym, = Eunice hirschi Fauchald, 1992, repl. name)
 levibranchia Hoagland, 1920: Palawan, Philippines. USNM 19018 (= Eunice levibranchia fide Fauchald 1992b)
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Research Opportunities in Beef Export Markets United States and Pacific Rim Countries
Creators: name: Butler, Don
name: Butler, Don
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: I thought I'd give you a little background. As I came in this morning and saw your group, it reminded me of when I was in Washington two years ago with the Ag forum group and we were trying to work on the farm bill. I went to one meeting there, and it was after NCA had decided to get into the political forum. A number of issues had been coming through Congress and the country concerning grain subsidies that at least indirectly affected the cattlemen. The cattle industry was not supported in any way, but we decided to get onto the playing field. So, when I attended these meetings, they really wondered where I came from. What are the cattle people doing back here? Well, we were there to stomp, hopefully, on a few toes and get some things changed. I can recall there were about 300 people in the room. I was a panel leader. When I took the podium, I asked how many producers were there. There were five producers out of the 300. The rest were from the USDA or economists from universities around the country. They (you) basically are developing policy that we have to live with. And I say this in the truest sense of the word, because we're the ones out there meeting the payroll every week or every two weeks and it's our dollars that are at risk. You know what the cattle industry has been going through for the past 13 years.
Reaction-Time Measurements: Their Use and Limitations in Diagnosis
Creators: name: MacVaugh, Gilbert Stillman
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: From the early stages of modern experimental psychology-reaction-time experiments have been used in the endeavor to study different psychological processes such as the effect of distracting stimuli on attention, the influence of drugs and alcohol, the influence of the reactor's "attitude", etc. Usually the total number of reactions made by any one subject under one experimental condition did not exceed two hundred; many conclusions drawn from these small samples are not warrantable. The conclusions based on the means of those performances and their dispersion constants would probably have been different had larger samples been taken; but even then, at some specific stage in procedure, the individuals might differ from each other so greatly as to render the reaction-time test useless as a delicate means of diagnosing individual differences. The present experiment was aimed at finding out how widely the individuals vary at different times in their manner of making choice-reactions; how reliable these differences are; and what uses and limitations the choice-reaction test may have in detecting obscure physiological and psychological changes in the human organism.
Reaction-Time Measurements: Their Use and Limitations in Diagnosis
Creators: name: MacVaugh, Gilbert Stillman
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: From the early stages of modern experimental psychology-reaction-time experiments have been used in the endeavor to study different psychological processes such as the effect of distracting stimuli on attention, the influence of drugs and alcohol, the influence of the reactor's "attitude", etc. Usually the total number of reactions made by any one subject under one experimental condition did not exceed two hundred; many conclusions drawn from these small samples are not warrantable. The conclusions based on the means of those performances and their dispersion constants would probably have been different had larger samples been taken; but even then, at some specific stage in procedure, the individuals might differ from each other so greatly as to render the reaction-time test useless as a delicate means of diagnosing individual differences. The present experiment was aimed at finding out how widely the individuals vary at different times in their manner of making choice-reactions; how reliable these differences are; and what uses and limitations the choice-reaction test may have in detecting obscure physiological and psychological changes in the human organism.
Sorting Behaviours : Do 3D Display Boxes Improve Sorting Accuracy?
Creators: name: Talbot, Clare
name: Findikliev, Caroline
name: Davie, Christina
name: Lau, Ed
name: Noroian, Emma
name: Pereyaslavsky, Nicole
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of our research study was to examine whether the sorting behaviours of individuals who frequented the Nest on the University of British Columbia campus would be improved by the addition of customized 3D display boxes to waste sorting bins, which originally featured 2D signage. To test our hypothesis that participants’ sorting behaviours would be more accurate relative to the use of 3D display boxes, in comparison to existing 2D signage, participant behaviours at a sort-it-out station in the Nest were observed for a total of four weeks. The first two weeks consisted of a control condition, during which bins were observed with their original 2D signage, and the last two weeks consisted of an experimental condition, during which bins’ 2D signage was replaced with 3D display boxes. When the conditions were compared through statistical analysis, the 3D display boxes were found to have a significant effect on the total number of items correctly disposed of, and on participants’ individual measures of sorting accuracy. Our results show that 3D display boxes are an effective method of improving waste sorting accuracy and have valuable implications for sustainable policy and practices on and off the UBC campus. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Covariant Light-Front Approach for s-wave and p-wave Mesons
Creators: name: Chua, Chun-Khiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the decay constants and form factors of the ground-state s-wave and low-lying p-wave mesons within a covariant light-front approach. Numerical results of the B to D** transition form factors, where D** denotes generically a p-wave charmed meson, are compared with other model calculations. Predictions on the decay rates for Bbar to D** pi, D** rho, Dbar**_s D* by using these decay constants and form factors are in agreement with the experimental data. The universal Isgur-Wise functions, xi, tau_{1/2}, tau_{3/2} are obtained and are used to test the Bjorken and Uraltsev sum rules.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, talk presented at 2nd International Conference on Flavor Physics, Seoul, Oct. 6-11, 2003
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH FOR EXPORT MARKETS
Creators: name: Schmidt, Glenn R.
name: Ernst, Elizabeth A.
name: Schmidt, Glenn R.
name: Ernst, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Companies interested in developing beef products for export to Pacific Rim countries need to become familiar with the targeted area before the product is developed. Current supply and demand, cultural influences and taste differences, and consumer needs must be identified. Additionally, for the product to succeed, it should be marketed as a distinctive consumer product, not as a commodity.
MEAT PACKAGING AND HANDLING FOR EXPORT MARKETS: PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESEARCH
Creators: name: Cross, H.R.
name: Savell, J.W.
name: Cross, H.R.
name: Savell, J.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Exporting beef products has been given high priority status by a number of producer and packer groups in the United States. The primary advantage that the U.S. beef industry has to offer foreign consumers is the excellent taste reputation of grain-fed beef. Although the U.S. beef industry does not have competition with respect to palatability, other countries that specialize in exports currently offer products at a much lower price because of either the strong dollar, government subsidization or both. The U.S. meat industry has made some inroads into expanding the export of fresh chilled beef, but tremendous opportunity still exists for even greater expansion . One criticism that has been levied against fresh-chilled beef from the U.S. is the lack of sufficient shelf-life. Australian fresh-chilled beef is reported to have a shelf-life of at least 100 days while fresh-chilled beef from the U.S. is said to have only a 45 day shelf-life. Although this large difference in shelf-life is unlikely, important foreign end-users of U.S. beef perceive this to be fact and attribute this difference to: (1) lack of proper sanitary conditions and temperature control during slaughter-dressing and fabrication; (2) the use of indiscriminate spray-chilling after slaughter; (3) ineffective packaging materials and equipment for export needs; and (4) inherent differences between forage-fed beef (Australian) and grain-fed beef (United States). If the U.S. meat industry is to become more competitive in fresh-beef export markets, they must use state-of-the-art technology to make certain that they can meet the shelf-life demands for their markets. Some of this technology is available, much is not. This paper will discuss the current state of the knowledge in the following areas: a) slaughter-dressing for maximum shelf-life; b) carcass/primal cut spray chill systems; c) role of fat on microbial growth; and d) barrier properties of packaging materials. The paper will conclude with a discussion of research voids in these and other areas.
US Grain-Fed Beef in the Japanese Market
Creators: name: Mori, Hiroshi
name: Gorman, William D.
name: Faminow, Merle D.
name: Mori, Hiroshi
name: Gorman, William D.
name: Faminow, Merle D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: In an era of declining domestic beef consumption and financial uncertainty, US beef producers have increasingly considered market develop­ment, both domestic and international, a key to the future prosperity of the industry. Japan presents a particularly attractive export market. Per capita beef consumption in Japan has steadily increased throughout the last several decades although it remains small by Western standards. With large and growing per capita income levels, many observers consider the Japanese market to be an important component in the future development and strength of the US industry.
Implication of the hidden sub-GeV bosons for the $(g-2)_μ$, $^8$Be-$^4$He anomaly, proton charge radius, EDM of fermions and dark axion portal
Creators: name: Kirpichnikov, D. V.
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
name: Zhevlakov, Alexey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss new physics phenomenology of hidden scalar ($S$), pseudoscalar ($P$), vector ($V$) and axial-vector ($A$) particles coupled to nucleons and leptons, which could give contributions to proton charge radius, $(g-2)_μ$, $^8$Be-$^4$He anomaly and electric dipole moment (EDM) of Standard Model (SM) particles. In particular, we estimate sensitivity of NA64$μ$ experiment to observe muon missing energy events involving hidden scalar and vector particles. That analysis is based on {\tt GEANT4} Monte Carlo simulation of the signal process of muon scattering off target nuclei $μN \to μN S(V)$ followed by invisible boson decay into Dark Matter (DM) particles, $S(V)\to χχ$. The existence of light sub-GeV bosons could possibly explain the muon $(g-2)$ anomaly observed. We also summarize existing bounds on ATOMKI $X17(J^P=0^-, 1^\pm)$ boson coupling with neutron, proton and electron. We implement these constraints to estimate the contribution of $P$, $V$ and $A$ particles to proton charge radius via direct 1-loop calculation of Sachs form factors. The analysis reveals the corresponding contribution is negligible. We also calculate bounds on dark axion portal couplings of dimension-five operators, which contribute to the EDMs of leptons and neutron.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, version accepted for publication in PRD
Marphysa de Quatrefages 1865
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Eunicida
Eunicidae
Marphysa

description: Marphysa de Quatrefages, 1865 (key: Glasby & Hutchings 2010)
 digitibranchia Hoagland, 1920: Hong Kong. USNM 18958
 orientalis Treadwell, 1936: Amoy (Xiamen), China. USNM 20114
 sinensis Monro, 1934: Amoy (Xiamen), China. NHM AN02 1933.3.2.16-17
 soembaensis Augener, 1933: Sindikiri, Sumba, Indonesia. ZMBu
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Effectiveness of school-based PA interventions on cognitive function among children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaoqing
name: Ma, Xiao
name: Xin, Fei
name: Tang, Yan
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Physical activity (PA) is important for children’s development of cognitive function (CF), but the effect of school-based PA intervention remains to be discussed. Purpose: To examine the impact of school-based PA intervention on overall CF and the potential moderating effects of gender, BMI, and time and frequency of interventions among children and adolescents via meta-analyses. Method: There were seven electronic databases included for eligible studies that investigated the effect of school-based PA interventions on CFs in children and adolescents. Results were reported as standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals by a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses compared the effects of PA on different CF domains. The protocol was registered at PROSPERO numbered CRD42020158970. Results: Twenty studies with 5274 participants aged 6–17 years were included. The results indicated a significant improvement of school-based PA interventions on the overall CFs (Cohens’ d =0.21; 95% CI 0.09 to 0.34; p<0.01) and executive function (Cohens’ d =0.14; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.23; p<0.01). Subgroup analysis showed a unique improvement of sports and PA programme on CFs (Cohens’d=0.34; 95% CI 0.10 to 0.59; p=0.006) without any significant moderators. Conclusions: School-based PA has a small positive effect on CF among children and adolescents. More research is needed to reveal the dose-response effect between school-based PA intervention and CFs in children and adolescents and to mine the moderators of this association. Funding: Key Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China (No.18ATY008).
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Occupational physical activity in relation to all-cause, CVD, and cancer mortality in 349,248 adults: Prospective & longitudinal analyses of Taiwan's MJ Cohort
Creators: name: Stamatakis, Emmanuel
name: Elphick, Tiana-Lee
name: Ahmadi, Matthew
name: Chen, Li-Jung
name: Lai, Yun-Ju
name: Paudel, Susan
name: Ku, Po-Wen
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Previous studies on the health effects of occupational physical activity (OPA) have reported conflicting results. No study has examined the role of changes in OPA over time. Purpose: To examine the associations of baseline OPA and OPA changes with mortality risk. Methods: Baseline OPA was categorized as light (ref)/moderate/moderately heavy/ heavy. OPA changes over time were categorized as stable (ref)/decreased/ increased. We used Cox regression adjusted for a comprehensive set of potential confounders and excluded a) participants with existing CVD/cancer, and b) deaths occurring in the first two years. Results: 349,248 participants (177,314 women) with baseline OPA were followed up for 14.6 (5.1) years. In the age adjusted models, higher OPA showed detrimental associations with all three mortality outcomes in men only [e.g. all-cause mortality (ACM) HR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.21 to 1.45] for heavy compared to light OPA. Adjustments for confounders reversed the baseline OPA and ACM associations in men (0.92, 0.86 to 0.98 for moderately heavy OPA), and revealed beneficial associations in women (ACM HR 0.87, 0.79 to 0.97). The OPA changes analyses included 105,715 (52,503 women) followed up over 6.3 (4.2) years. Compared to stable OPA, OPA decrease was associated with higher ACM risk in men only (fully adjusted HR: 1.18, 1.00 to 1.38). (Baseline or changes in) OPA showed no associations with CVD or cancer mortality. Conclusions: Higher baseline OPA levels were beneficially associated with ACM risk in men and women, and OPA decreases over time were associated with highest risk in men. Our results support potential health gains through higher OPA. Funding: This work was supported by a NHMRC Investigator Grant (APP1194510).
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Center Dominance in SU(2) Gauge-Higgs Theory
Creators: name: Bertle, Roman
name: Faber, Manfried
name: Greensite, Jeff
name: Olejnik, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the SU(2) gauge-Higgs system in D=4 dimensions, and analyze the influence of the fundamental-representation Higgs field on the vortex content of the gauge field. It is shown that center projected Polyakov lines, at low temperature, are finite in the infinite volume limit, which means that the center vortex distribution is consistent with color screening. In addition we confirm and further investigate the presence of a "Kertesz-line" in the strong-coupling region of the phase diagram, which we relate to the percolation properties of center vortices. It is shown that this Kertesz-line separates the gauge-Higgs phase diagram into two regions: a confinement-like region, in which center vortices percolate, and a Higgs region, in which they do not. The free energy of the gauge-Higgs system, however, is analytic across the Kertesz line.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
TV-viewing in Australian adults: Sedentary or active?
Creators: name: McKeown, Janet
name: Amin, Janaki
name: Bauman, Adrian
name: Van Der Ploeg, Hidde
name: Kelly, Patrick
name: Chau, Josephine
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: It is widely assumed that TV-viewing is sedentary with little consideration of multitasking. Purpose: To examine the correlates of sedentary and active TV-viewing in Australian adults. Methods: We analysed data from the Australian Time Use Survey from 2006. Persons aged ≥15 years old who reported at least one 5-minute episode of TV-viewing while also completing a secondary activity were selected (N=5418). Secondary activities were categorized by intensity: 1-1.5METs were considered sedentary, activities >1.5METs were coded as active. Sample-weighted mixed-effects multi-level logistic regression models were used to obtain adjusted ORs for socio-economic factors associated with sedentary and active TV viewing. Results: Participants reported 28,980 episodes of doing an activity while watching TV, with 154 different activities reported during TV-viewing (12,223 active TV-viewing episodes; 16,757 sedentary TV-viewing episodes). Active TV-viewing was associated with older age (OR=2.94; 95% CI: 2.38-3.65 30-39 year olds compared to 15-19 year olds); number of dependent children in the family (OR=2.17; 95% CI: 1.81-2.60 >=3 children compared to no children); sex (female vs male: OR=1.96; 95% CI: 1.80-2.07); self-rated health (OR=0.70; 95% CI:0.54-0.90 ‘poor’ compared to ‘excellent’); and having someone present in the room (OR=0.74; 95% CI: 0.67-0.81 compared to being alone). Risk of sedentary TV-viewing was higher among males, 15-19 year olds, residents in major cities, being alone in the room, having no dependent children in the family, reporting poorer self-rated health (p<0.001). Conclusions: This study shows that TV-viewing can be sedentary or active, further demonstrating the limitations of TV-viewing as an indicator of sedentary behaviour.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Slipping through the net: can data science approaches help target clean cooking policy interventions?
Creators: name: Neto-Bradley, André Paul
name: Choudhary, Ruchi
name: Bazaz, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reliance on solid biomass cooking fuels in India has negative health and socio-economic consequences for households, yet policies aimed at promoting uptake of LPG for cooking have not always been effective at promoting sustained transition to cleaner cooking amongst intended beneficiaries. This paper uses a two step approach combining predictive and descriptive analyses of the IHDS panel dataset to identify different groups of households that switched stove between 2004/5 and 2011/12. A tree-based ensemble machine learning predictive analysis identifies key determinants of a switch from biomass to non-biomass stoves. A descriptive clustering analysis is used to identify groups of stove-switching households that follow different transition pathways. There are three key findings of this study: Firstly non-income determinants of stove switching do not have a linear effect on stove switching, in particular variables on time of use and appliance ownership which offer a proxy for household energy practices; secondly location specific factors including region, infrastructure availability, and dwelling quality are found to be key determinants and as a result policies must be tailored to take into account local variations; thirdly clean cooking interventions must enact a range of measures to address the barriers faced by households on different energy transition pathways.
description: 42 pages, 7 figures
Associations of changes in physical activity and discretionary screen time with incident obesity: Findings from the UK Biobank
Creators: name: Paudel, Susan
name: Del Pozo Cruz, Borja
name: Inan-Eroglu, Elif
name: Ahmadi, Matthew
name: Stamatakis, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Physical activity (PA) and discretionary screen time (DST; television and computer use during leisure) are both associated with obesity risk, but little evidence exists on their combined influence over time. Purpose: To examine the joint associations of concurrent changes in PA and DST with incident obesity. Methods: Changes in PA and DST over time were defined using departure from sex-specific baseline tertiles and categorised as worsened (PA decreased/DST increased), maintained, and improved (PA increased/DST decreased). Changes in each exposure were then used to define joint PA-DST change variable with nine mutually exclusive groups. We examined the joint associations of concurrent changes in PA and DST with incident obesity using mixed multivariable-adjusted Poisson models. Results: Of the 30,735 participants, 1,628 (5.3%) developed incident obesity over a mean follow up of 6.9 (± 2.2) years. In the direct effect analyses, improving PA (Incident Rate Ratio (IRR) 0.46 (0.38-0.56)) was associated with a lower risk of incident obesity than maintaining PA, maintaining DST, or improving DST. Compared to the referent group (both PA and DST worsened), all other combinations of PA and DST changes were associated with lower incident obesity risk in the joint association analyses. We observed the largest beneficial associations for improved PA across DST change categories [DST worsened (IRR 0.31 (0.21-0.44)), maintained (IRR 0.34 (0.25-0.46)), or improved (IRR 0.35 (0.22-0.55)]. Conclusion: Improving PA had the most pronounced beneficial associations irrespective of DST changes. Future studies with objective assessments of exposure variables will be helpful to understand the relationship better.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
A VÁROSI ZÖLD INFRASTRUKTÚRA VIZSGÁLATA A KLÍMAVÁLTOZÁSSAL SZEMBENI ADAPTÁCIÓBAN
ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE WITH GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: Hoyk, Edit
name: Hoyk, Edit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: klímaváltozás
subject: adaptáció
subject: zöld infrastruktúra
subject: városi hősziget
subject: climate change
subject: adaptation
subject: green infrastructure
subject: Urban Heat Island (UHI)

description: A klímaváltozás negatív hatásaival szembeni adaptáció városi környezetben elsősorban a túlzott felmelegedés elleni védekezésre, ill. a városi hősziget-hatás mérséklésére fókuszál. Ebben a folyamatban a zöld infrastruktúrának kitüntetett szerepe van, és kell, hogy legyen a jövőben is. Jelen tanulmányban egy magyarországi középváros, Kecskemét példáján mutatjuk be a városon belüli mikroklimatikus eltéréseket, amelyek utalnak a városi hősziget kialakulására. Mennyiségi és minőségi szempontból elemezzük a belváros zöldfelületeit, amelyek szerepet játszhatnak a hősziget-hatás csökkentésében, valamint kitérünk a túlmelegedéssel szembeni egyéb adaptációs lehetőségekre, mint pl. zöld falak és homlokzatok, zöld tetők, reflektív tetők és járdák, stb. Következtetésként javaslatokat fogalmazunk meg az egyes, zöld infrastruktúrához kötődő adaptációs eszközök alkalmazási lehetőségeivel kapcsolatban, amelyek egy kontinentális klímájú, közép-kelet európai középváros esetében hatékonyan szolgálhatják a klímaváltozás negatív hatásainak mérséklését. ------------------------------------ The attempts to reduce the negative effects of climate change in urban environment focus on overheating protection and decrease of urban heat island (UHI) effect primarily. Green infrastructure has a prominent role in this adaptation process and this should be in the future. In this study, we present the microclimatic differences within a medium sized Hungarian city (the study area was Kecskemét), which refer to the urban heat island phenomenon. We made a qualitative and a quantitative analyses about green surfaces in the downtown, which have an important role in urban heat island effect reduction. In addition, we deal with other adaptation possibilities against daytime overheating, such as green facades, green roofs, reflective roofs and pavements etc. As a conclusion, we make suggestions about green infrastructure as an adaptation tool. These possibilities can effectively serve to mitigate the negative effects of climate change in a medium sized, continental climate city in Central and Eastern Europe.
The acute effects of prolonged uninterrupted sitting on vascular function: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Taylor, Frances C.
name: Pinto, Ana J.
name: Maniar, Nirav
name: Dunstan, David W.
name: Green, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: The time-course of vascular impairment in response to prolonged sitting is presently unknown. Whether there is a minimum amount of uninterrupted sitting which results in clinically relevant changes in vascular function is also unknown Purpose: To determine the dose-response relationship between prolonged sitting and vascular function in healthy individuals and those with metabolic disturbances. Methods: Systematic review with meta-analysis. Ovid Embase, Ovid Medline, PubMed, and CINAHL were searched from inception to 4 December 2020. Results: Prolonged sitting resulted in a significant decrease in the standardised mean change (SMC) for lower-limb FMD at the 120-min (SMC = -0.85, 95%CI -1.32 to -0.38) and 180-min (SMC = -1.18, 95%CI -1.69 to -0.66) time points. Subgroup analysis indicated that prolonged sitting decreased lower-limb FMD in healthy adults (SMC = -1.16, 95%CI -1.75 to -0.58) who had higher a priori vascular endothelial function, but not in those with metabolic and vascular dysfunction (SMC = -0.51, 95%CI -1.18 to 0.15). Conclusions: Lower-limb vascular function is progressively impaired because of prolonged sitting. Subgroup analysis indicated prolonged sitting negatively impacts healthy populations, a finding not observed in those with metabolic disturbances. PROSPERO trial registration number: CRD42020171394.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Geometric spin-orbit coupling and chirality-induced spin selectivity
Creators: name: Shitade, Atsuo
name: Minamitani, Emi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new type of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) called geometric SOC. Starting from the relativistic theory in curved space, we derive an effective nonrelativistic Hamiltonian in a generic curve embedded into flat three dimensions. The geometric SOC is $O(m^{-1})$, in which $m$ is the electron mass, and hence much larger than the conventional SOC of $O(m^{-2})$. The energy scale is estimated to be a hundred meV for a nanoscale helix. We calculate the current-induced spin polarization in a coupled-helix model as a representative of the chirality-induced spin selectivity. We find that it depends on the chirality of the helix and is of the order of $0.01 \hbar$ per ${\rm nm}$ when a charge current of $1~{\rm μA}$ is applied.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Associations of changes in physical activity and diet with incident obesity and changes in adiposity: Longitudinal findings from the UK Biobank
Creators: name: Ahmadi, Matthew N.
name: Inan-Eroglu, Elif
name: Mishra, Gita D.
name: Sainsbury, Amanda
name: Stamatakis, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Although diet and physical activity (PA) determine energy balance, little evidence exists on their relative long-term contributions to obesity development. Purpose: To examine the joint effects of PA and diet on obesity incidence and indicators of adiposity. Methods: Baseline PA was categorized into three groups based on WHO guidelines (inactive, insufficient, sufficient) and grouped as decreased, stable, or increased at follow-up. Dietary scores included consumption of fruits, vegetables, fish, processed meats, and red meats. Diet scores (0-4) were categorized as worsened, stable, or improved. Odds ratio (OR) for obesity incidence by joint PA and diet variables were examined with logistic regression, and changes in adiposity markers were examined with generalized linear models. Results: A total of 31,344 participants without obesity at baseline were followed up for 6.8 (2.3) years. We found the lowest obesity development risk estimates in the groups that increased PA, regardless of changes in diet score (OR = 0.65 to 0.89), relative to the stable PA and diet score. The protective associations of increasing PA were accentuated among participants with no history of smoking, cardiovascular disease or cancer. Among PA increasers, obesity risk decreased (OR = 0.54 to 0.68), whilst a decrease in body mass index (-0.25 to -0.42 kg/m2) and waist circumference (-77 to -1.41cm) was observed with concurrent stable/improved diet score. Conclusions: Increasing PA with concurrent diet stability/improvement was associated with the lowest obesity risks over time. PA improvements conferred more pronounced protection against obesity development risk than diet. Funding: National Health and Medical Research Council Ideas Grant (APP 1180812).
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Poisson-geometric analogues of Kitaev models
Creators: name: Spies, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define Poisson-geometric analogues of Kitaev's lattice models. They are obtained from a Kitaev model on an embedded graph $Γ$ by replacing its Hopf algebraic data with Poisson data for a Poisson-Lie group G. Each edge is assigned a copy of the Heisenberg double $\mathcal H(G)$. Each vertex (face) of $Γ$ defines a Poisson action of $G$ (of $G^*$) on the product of these Heisenberg doubles. The actions for a vertex and adjacent face form a Poisson action of the double Poisson-Lie group $D(G)$. We define Poisson counterparts of vertex and face operators and relate them via the Poisson bracket to the vector fields generating the actions of $D(G)$. We construct an isomorphism of Poisson $D(G)$-spaces between this Poisson-geometrical Kitaev model and Fock and Rosly's Poisson structure for the graph $Γ$ and the Poisson-Lie group $D(G)$. This decouples the latter and represents it as a product of Heisenberg doubles. It also relates the Poisson-geometrical Kitaev model to the symplectic structure on the moduli space of flat $D(G)$-bundles on an oriented surface with boundary constructed from $Γ$.
description: 49 pages. v2: Revised Lemma 3.17 (i). v3: Revised introduction; fixed oversight in proof of Theorem 3.29; improved Remark 3.11; fixed typos and improved wording in several places