cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Consistency tests of $Λ$CDM from the early integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect: Implications for early-time new physics and the Hubble tension
Creators: name: Vagnozzi, Sunny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New physics increasing the expansion rate just prior to recombination is among the least unlikely solutions to the Hubble tension, and would be expected to leave an important signature in the early Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (eISW) effect, a source of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies arising from the time-variation of gravitational potentials when the Universe was not completely matter dominated. Why, then, is there no clear evidence for new physics from the CMB alone, and why does the $Λ$CDM model fit CMB data so well? These questions and the vastness of the Hubble tension theory model space motivate general consistency tests of $Λ$CDM. I perform an eISW-based consistency test of $Λ$CDM introducing the parameter $A_{\rm eISW}$, which rescales the eISW contribution to the CMB power spectra. A fit to Planck CMB data yields $A_{\rm eISW}=0.988 \pm 0.027$, in perfect agreement with the $Λ$CDM expectation $A_{\rm eISW}=1$, and posing an important challenge for early-time new physics, which I illustrate in a case study focused on early dark energy (EDE). I explicitly show that the increase in $ω_c$ needed for EDE to preserve the fit to the CMB, which has been argued to worsen the fit to weak lensing and galaxy clustering measurements, is specifically required to lower the amplitude of the eISW effect, which would otherwise exceed $Λ$CDM's prediction by $\approx 20\%$: this is a generic problem beyond EDE and likely applying to most models enhancing the expansion rate around recombination. Early-time new physics models invoked to address the Hubble tension are therefore faced with the significant challenge of making a similar prediction to $Λ$CDM for the eISW effect, while not degrading the fit to other measurements in doing so.
description: 17 pages, 8 sub-figures arranged in 6 figures. v3: minor changes, added further references, spelled out ISW in the title. Version accepted for publication in PRD
Ιερά και λατρείες της Κάτω Μακεδονίας: Πιερία, Βοττιαία, Αλμωπία
Creators: name: Τσιάφης, Δημήτριος
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Ιερά
Λατρείες
Μακεδονία
Πιερία, Βοττιαία, Αλμωπία
Sanctuaries
Cults
Macedonia
Pieria, Bottiaia, Almopia

description: Στη διδακτορική διατριβή μελετούμε όλες τις λατρείες θεών και ηρώων στην περιοχή της Πιερίας, της Βοττιαίας και της Αλμωπίας, εκτός από την αυτοκρατορική λατρεία. Στόχος είναι να εντοπίσουμε ποιες θεότητες λατρεύονταν, ποιοι θεοί ήταν δημοφιλέστεροι και σε ποιες περιοχές αλλά κυρίως να ανιχνεύσουμε τις μεταβολές που υπέστη η λατρεία κατά την πάροδο των αιώνων. Η διατριβή διαρθρώνεται σε δύο κύρια μέρη. Στο πρώτο μέρος, το οποίο είναι το εκτενέστερο, παρουσιάζονται αναλυτικά όλα τα τεκμήρια λατρείας, οργανωμένα με βάση τη λατρευόμενη θεότητα. Πρώτα παρουσιάζονται οι ολύμπιοι θεοί και στη συνέχεια οι άλλοι θεοί και ήρωες με αλφαβητική σειρά. Στο δεύτερο μέρος γίνεται συνοπτική παρουσίαση των λατρειών ανά πόλη/θέση, ακολουθώντας μια πορεία από νότο προς βορρά. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζονται τα συμπεράσματα της έρευνας, ενώ τέλος ακολουθεί ένας κατάλογος με τις μαρτυρίες λατρείας.
description: In this thesis we are studying all the cults of the gods and the heroes in the areas of Pieria, Bottiaia and Almopia, except for the imperial cult. The purpose is to find out which deities were worshiped, which gods were most popular and in which areas, but above all, to detect the changes at the cult over the centuries. The dissertation is structured in two parts. In the first part the archaeological evidence is analyzed, based on the worshiped deity. First the olympian gods are presented and then all the other gods and heroes in alphabetical order. In the second part, which is much shorter than the first, there is a brief presentation of the cults by region following a course from south to north. At the end the conclusions of the research are presented. The text is followed by a catalogue of all the cult evidence.
Analysis of fixed and floating structures in random multi-directional waves
Creators: name: Nwogu, Okey
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Offshore structures have traditionally been designed on the assumption of long-crested or uni-directional incident waves. Realistic sea states are however short-crested or multidirectional with a distribution of wave energy over both frequency and direction. The present thesis investigates the influence of the directional spreading of wave energy on the forces on fixed structures and motions of floating structures. The work is both theoretical and experimental, with the experiments carried out at the multi-directional wave basin of the Hydraulics Laboratory at the National Research Council in Ottawa. Different methods of estimating directional wave spectra are evaluated using numerically synthesized time series of the water surface elevation and horizontal orbital velocities at a single location, and the maximum entropy method is found to provide the best directional resolution. The maximum entropy method is developed further to estimate directional wave spectra from an array of wave probes. Expressions are developed for the spectral densities of the inline and transverse components of the force on a slender cylinder in random multi-directional waves, and for the probability distribution of the peaks of the corresponding resultant force. The former are based on a linearization of the Morison equation, while the latter is based on the assumption of a narrow-band spectrum. Experiments were carried out to measure the forces on a segmented vertical cylinder in random multi-directional waves. The theoretical expressions for the force spectral density and probability distribution match the measured data reasonably well. Reduction factors relating the forces in short-crested seas to the forces in long-crested seas are also presented. Experiments were also carried out with a moored floating barge in regular and random multi-directional waves. The experiments show an increase of the sway, roll, and yaw motions due to directional spreading, and a slight reduction of the pitch and first order surge motions. The second order, low frequency surge motions are however significantly reduced in multi-directional waves. Linear diffraction theory is used to predict the transfer functions for the first order surge, heave, and pitch motions of the barge. Reasonable agreement was obtained between the measured and predicted first order transfer functions. A procedure to compute the spectral density of the second order drift forces in multi-directional waves based on the concept of a bi-frequency, bi-directional quadratic transfer function is also presented.
Gigantic tunneling magnetoresistance in magnetic Weyl semimetal tunnel junctions
Creators: name: de Sousa, D. J. P.
name: Ascencio, C. O.
name: Haney, P. M.
name: Wang, J. P.
name: Low, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the tunneling magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) comprised of Weyl semimetal contacts. We show that chirality-magnetization locking leads to a gigantic tunneling magnetoresistance ratio, an effect that does not rely on spin filtering by the tunnel barrier. Our results indicate that the conductance in the anti-parallel configuration is more sensitive to magnetization fluctuations than in MTJs with normal ferromagnets, and predicts a TMR as large as 10^4 % when realistic magnetization fluctuations are accounted for. In addition, we show that the Fermi arc states give rise to a non-monotonic dependence of conductance on the misalignment angle between the magnetizations of the two contacts.
description: Submitter did not receive the consent of all co-authors. Manuscript will be withdraw temporarily
Tracking system design for a new concept of solar concentration technology
Creators: name: Bilbao, Eneko Gomez-Acedo
name: Kortaberria, Gorka
name: Molina, Jorge
name: Olarra, Aitor
name: Cristobal Villasante
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Tracking system, design, new concept, solar concentration technology

description: In this paper the concept and partial results of H2020 project “MOSAIC” are presented. The objective of this project is the design, manufacturing and validation of an innovative Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) technology concept that will have low implementation and ‘Operation and Management’ (O&M) costs at the highest plant efficiencies as compared to current state-of-the-art technologies, which will reduce the ‘Levelized Cost Of Electricity’ (LCOE). This new CSP modular configuration will be based on a fixed hemispheric semi-Fresnel solar field and a high temperature mobile and actuated receiver. This approach is based on the fact that it can cost less to move a single element of the system, being this element the receiver, than actuating all the individual mirrors or heliostats like in a ‘Central Tower’ type plant. The receiver will be suspended and actuated by a parallel kinematics actuation system comprising several metallic cables which will define the position of the receiver above the fixed mirror and orient it according to the position of the sun. Several technical challenges derive from the implementation of such a CSP system considering the large working volume (fixed mirror will be 30m in diameter), lack of precision of the parallel kinematics actuation system based on cables and environmental instabilities. One of the challenges is the correct design of a closed control loop so the receiver can be located in its correct position and orientation in real-time and with the needed accuracy. This closed loop in turn involves the use of a self-calibrated and real-time ‘Large Volume Metrology’ (LVM) measurement system that will be implemented using an automated optical solution that will face the specific difficulties of a harsh environment that involves solar concentrations of 1000 suns and temperatures up to 500 ºC.
Curvature-induced long ranged supercurrents in diffusive SFS Josephson Junctions, with dynamic $0-π$ transition
Creators: name: Salamone, Tancredi
name: Svendsen, Mathias B. M.
name: Amundsen, Morten
name: Jacobsen, Sol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report that spin supercurrents can be induced in diffusive SFS Josephson junctions without any magnetic misalignment or intrinsic spin orbit coupling. Instead, the pathway to spin triplet generation is provided via geometric curvature, and results in a long ranged Josephson effect. In addition, the curvature is shown to induce a dynamically tunable $0-π$ transition in the junction. We provide the analytic framework and discuss potential experimental and innovation implications.
description: Minor changes to the discussion and details added to one figure
Emergence of U(1) symmetry in the 3D XY model with Zq anisotropy
Creators: name: Lou, Jie
name: Sandvik, Anders W.
name: Balents, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the three-dimensional XY model with a Z_q anisotropic term. At temperatures T < Tc this dangerously irrelevant perturbation is relevant only above a length scale Lambda, which diverges as a power of the correlation length; Lambda ~ xi^a_q. Below Lambda the order parameter is U(1) symmetric. We derive the full scaling function controlling the emergence of U(1) symmetry and use Monte Carlo results to extract the exponent a_q for q=4,...,8. We find that a_q = a_4 (q/4)^2, with a_4 only marginally larger than 1. We discuss these results in the context of U(1) symmetry at "deconfined" quantum critical points separating antiferromagnetic and valence-bond-solid states in quantum spin systems.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. v2: co-author added, exact scaling function derived
Gross-Neveu-Heisenberg criticality from competing nematic and antiferromagnetic orders in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Ray, Shouryya
name: Janssen, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of an effective model of competing nematic and antiferromagnetic orders of interacting electrons on the Bernal-stacked honeycomb bilayer, as relevant for bilayer graphene. In the noninteracting limit, the model features a semimetallic ground state with quadratic band touching points at the Fermi level. Taking the effects of short-range interactions into account, we demonstrate the existence of an extended region in the mean-field phase diagram characterized by coexisting nematic and antiferromagnetic orders. By means of a renormalization group approach, we reveal that the quantum phase transition from nematic to coexistent nematic-antiferromagnetic orders is continuous and characterized by emergent Lorentz symmetry. It falls into the $(2+1)$-dimensional relativistic Gross-Neveu-Heisenberg quantum universality class, which has recently been much investigated in the context of interacting Dirac systems in two spatial dimensions. The coexistence-to-antiferromagnetic transition, by contrast, turns out to be weakly first order as a consequence of the absence of continuous spatial rotational symmetry on the honeycomb bilayer. Implications for experiments in bilayer graphene are discussed.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; v2: corrected typos and minor improvements, extended analysis of emergent Lorentz symmetry in four-fermion theory, published version
Experimental application of sum rules for electron energy loss magnetic chiral dichroism
Creators: name: Calmels, L.
name: Houdellier, F.
name: Warot-Fonrose, B.
name: Gatel, C.
name: Hÿtch, M. J.
name: Serin, V.
name: Snoeck, E.
name: Schattschneider, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a derivation of the orbital and spin sum rules for magnetic circular dichroic spectra measured by electron energy loss spectroscopy in a transmission electron microscope. These sum rules are obtained from the differential cross section calculated for symmetric positions in the diffraction pattern. Orbital and spin magnetic moments are expressed explicitly in terms of experimental spectra and dynamical diffraction coefficients. We estimate the ratio of spin to orbital magnetic moments and discuss first experimental results for the Fe L_{2,3} edge.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
โรคผิวหนังในนักเดินทาง
Creators: name: ศักดิ์ชัย ไชยมหาพฤกษ์
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2562
Subjects: โรคผิวหนัง
เวชศาสตร์การเดินทาง

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 45, 2, 107-114
An application of selected artificial intelligence techniques to engineering analysis
Creators: name: Forde, Bruce W. R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis explores the application of some of the more practical artificial intelligence (Al) techniques developed to date in the field of engineering analysis. The limitations of conventional computer-aided analysis programs provide the motivation for knowledge automation and development of a hybrid approach for constructing and controlling engineering analysis software. Artificial intelligence technology used in this thesis includes: object-oriented programming, generic application frameworks, event-driven architectures, and knowledge-based expert systems. Emphasis is placed on the implementation-independent description of objects, classes, methods, and inheritance using a simple graphical representation. The kinds of knowledge used in the analysis process, the programs that control this knowledge, and the resources that perform numerical computation are described as part of a hybrid system for engineering analysis. Modelling, solution, and interpretation activities are examined for a generic problem and a control framework is adopted for event-driven operation. An intelligent finite element analysis program called "SNAP" is developed to demonstrate the application of Al in the numerical analysis of two-dimensional linear problems in solid and structural mechanics. A step-by-step discussion is given for the design, implementation, and operation of the SNAP software to provide a clear understanding of the principles involved. The general conclusion of this thesis is that a variety of artificial intelligence techniques can be used to significantly improve the engineering analysis process, and that much research is still to be done. A series of projects suitable for completion by graduate students in the field of structural engineering are described at the end of the thesis.
Existence of Universal Entangler
Creators: name: Chen, Jianxin
name: Duan, Runyao
name: Ji, Zhengfeng
name: Ying, Mingsheng
name: Yu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A gate is called entangler if it transforms some (pure) product states to entangled states. A universal entangler is a gate which transforms all product states to entangled states. In practice, a universal entangler is a very powerful device for generating entanglements, and thus provides important physical resources for accomplishing many tasks in quantum computing and quantum information. This Letter demonstrates that a universal entangler always exists except for a degenerated case. Nevertheless, the problem how to find a universal entangler remains open.
description: 4 pages
Charged-Particle Multiplicities in Charged-Current Neutrino-- and Anti-Neutrino--Nucleus Interactions
Creators: name: The CHORUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CHORUS experiment, designed to search for $ν_μ\toν_τ$ oscillations, consists of a nuclear emulsion target and electronic detectors. In this paper, results on the production of charged particles in a small sample of charged-current neutrino-- and anti-neutrino--nucleus interactions at high energy are presented. For each event, the emission angle and the ionization features of the charged particles produced in the interaction are recorded, while the standard kinematic variables are reconstructed using the electronic detectors. The average multiplicities for charged tracks, the pseudo-rapidity distributions, the dispersion in the multiplicity of charged particles and the KNO scaling are studied in different kinematical regions. A study of quasi-elastic topologies performed for the first time in nuclear emulsions is also reported. The results are presented in a form suitable for use in the validation of Monte Carlo generators of neutrino--nucleus interactions.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Fan-shaped and toric textures of mesomorphic oxadiazoles
Creators: name: Sparavigna, A.
name: Mello, A.
name: Montrucchio, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a family of non symmetrical heterocycled compounds is investigated, a variety of mesophases can be observed with rather different features. Here we report the behaviour of seven different members among a family of such materials, that consists of mesomorphic oxadiazole compounds. In two of these compounds, the optical microscope investigation shows very interesting behaviours. In their smectic phases, fan-shaped and toric textures, sometimes with periodic instability, are observed. Moreover, the nematic phase displays a texture transition. Texture transitions have been previously observed only inside the nematic phase of some compounds belonging to the families of the oxybenzoic and cyclohexane acids. In these two oxadiazole compounds we can observe what we define as a "toric nematic phase", heating the samples from the smectic phase. The toric nematic texture disappears as the sample is further heated, changing into a smooth texture.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
THE ROLE OF DEEP STRUCTURE AND SURFACE STRUCTURE IN TRANSFORMATIONAL GRAMMAR
Creators: name: Kadirbergenova, Gozzal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Transformational grammar, a theory developed by Noam Chomsky, plays a crucial role in understanding language structure and sentence formation. A fundamental aspect of this theory is the distinction between deep structure and surface structure, which represent different levels of syntactic organization. This article explores their significance, interrelation, and impact on linguistic analysis. Moreover, it highlights their role in sentence generation, ambiguity resolution, and language acquisition, providing insights into how transformational grammar explains the complexity of human language.
CSISTA Impact Inquiry Instrument
Creators: name: WeObserve Impact Community Of Practice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Impact assessment, citizen science, Citizen Observatories, storytelling

description: The WeObserve Impact CoP members have developed an approach called the Citizen Science Impact Story Telling Approach (CSISTA) to support Citizen Science initiatives and Citizen Observatories capture their success stories. The CSISTA Impact Inquiry Instrument was developed as a framework for qualitative data collection to understand impacts of Citizen Science and Citizen Observatories initiatives on policy and decision making. The long term ambition is to capture and make available a selection of impact stories in order to be able to tell a bigger story, helping to mainstream Citizen Science and Citizen Observatories.
Refined Mass and Geometric Measurements of the High-Mass PSR J0740+6620
Creators: name: Fonseca, Emmanuel
name: Cromartie, H. Thankful
name: Pennucci, Timothy T.
name: Ray, Paul S.
name: Kirichenko, Aida Yu.
name: Ransom, Scott M.
name: Demorest, Paul B.
name: Stairs, Ingrid H.
name: Arzoumanian, Zaven
name: Guillemot, Lucas
name: Parthasarathy, Aditya
name: Kerr, Matthew
name: Cognard, Ismael
name: Baker, Paul T.
name: Blumer, Harsha
name: Brook, Paul R.
name: DeCesar, Megan
name: Dolch, Timothy
name: Dong, F. Adam
name: Ferrara, Elizabeth C.
name: Fiore, William
name: Garver-Daniels, Nathaniel
name: Good, Deborah C.
name: Jennings, Ross
name: Jones, Megan L.
name: Kaspi, Victoria M.
name: Lam, Michael T.
name: Lorimer, Duncan R.
name: Luo, Jing
name: McEwen, Alexander
name: McKee, James W.
name: McLaughlin, Maura A.
name: McMann, Natasha
name: Meyers, Bradley W.
name: Naidu, Arun
name: Ng, Cherry
name: Nice, David J.
name: Pol, Nihan
name: Radovan, Henri A.
name: Shapiro-Albert, Brent
name: Tan, Chia Min
name: Tendulkar, Shriharsh P.
name: Swiggum, Joseph K.
name: Wahl, Haley M.
name: Zhu, Weiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from continued timing observations of PSR J0740+6620, a high-mass, 2.8-ms radio pulsar in orbit with a likely ultra-cool white dwarf companion. Our data set consists of combined pulse arrival-time measurements made with the 100-m Green Bank Telescope and the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment telescope. We explore the significance of timing-based phenomena arising from general-relativistic dynamics and variations in pulse dispersion. When using various statistical methods, we find that combining $\sim 1.5$ years of additional, high-cadence timing data with previous measurements confirms and improves upon previous estimates of relativistic effects within the PSR J0740+6620 system, with the pulsar mass $m_{\rm p} = 2.08^{+0.07}_{-0.07}$ M$_\odot$ (68.3\% credibility) determined by the relativistic Shapiro time delay. For the first time, we measure secular variation in the orbital period and argue that this effect arises from apparent acceleration due to significant transverse motion. After incorporating contributions from Galactic differential rotation and off-plane acceleration in the Galactic potential, we obtain a model-dependent distance of $d = 1.14^{+0.17}_{-0.15}$ kpc (68.3\% credibility). This improved distance confirms the ultra-cool nature of the white dwarf companion determined from recent optical observations. We discuss the prospects for future observations with next-generation facilities, which will likely improve the precision on $m_{\rm p}$ for J0740+6620 by an order of magnitude within the next few years.
description: Final version after minor corrections during referee process. Published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters on 1 July 2021
The dynamic response of timber shear walls
Creators: name: Dolan, James Daniel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis describes three numerical models, developed by the author, that predict the behavior of timber shear walls. Two of the models have been implemented in finite element programs. One program predicts the static behavior of shear walls and the other predicts the dynamic response to earthquakes. Both programs incorporate 1) the ability to predict the ultimate load capacity of the walls, 2) the effects of bearing between adjacent sheathing panels, 3) the effects of bending in the sheathing, and 4) the effect of bearing and gap formation between framing elements. The third model is a closed form mathematical model that was developed to predict the steady state response of shear walls to harmonic base excitations. A series of experimental tests were performed to determine the load-deflection characteristics of single nail connections between the solid wood, used for framing, and sheathing materials. The load-deflection characteristics for these connections were used to predict the behavior of timber shear walls using the finite element models. An extensive experimental program, consisting of five different tests and forty-two full size shear wall specimens, was conducted to verify the three numerical models. The experimental program included a new test that is representative of the earthquake loading for a ground floor wall of a three-storey North American apartment building. The test results were also used to: 1) compare the performance of waferboard with that of plywood sheathing, 2) investigate the dynamic behavior of shear walls, 3) investigate effects of out-of-plane deflections of the sheathing, and 4) examine the anchoring connection that resists the overturning moment. The merits and shortcomings of the five shear wall tests are discussed, along with their future usefulness in determining the effects of changes in the construction techniques used for timber shear walls. The dynamic model and shear wall test results are then used to investigate four design codes to see if shear walls, designed according to the various codes, adequately resist the loads experienced during earthquakes. A resistance factor for the design of shear walls is recommended for inclusion in the 1990 Canadian timber design code. The recommended resistance factor will result in the design loads specified by the code being more representative of the loads generated during an earthquake. Three important construction details are also discussed to inform the reader of possible problems that can be expected if these details are neglected during either design or construction. The details are: the hold-down anchor, framing corner connection, and sheathing connector. Finally, recommendations are made as to the type of research that is required to develop a design procedure for timber shear walls, based on the actual dynamic characteristics of shear walls as well as reliability theory.
Williams' decomposition of the Lévy continuous random tree and simultaneous extinction probability for populations with neutral mutations
Creators: name: Abraham, Romain
name: Delmas, Jean-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G55, 60J70, 60J80, 92D25

description: We consider an initial Eve-population and a population of neutral mutants, such that the total population dies out in finite time. We describe the evolution of the Eve-population and the total population with continuous state branching processes, and the neutral mutation procedure can be seen as an immigration process with intensity proportional to the size of the population. First we establish a Williams' decomposition of the genealogy of the total population given by a continuous random tree, according to the ancestral lineage of the last individual alive. This allows us give a closed formula for the probability of simultaneous extinction of the Eve-population and the total population.
A Tight Lower Bound to the Outage Probability of Discrete-Input Block-Fading Channels
Creators: name: Nguyen, Khoa D.
name: Fabregas, Albert Guillen i
name: Rasmussen, Lars K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this correspondence, we propose a tight lower bound to the outage probability of discrete-input Nakagami-m block-fading channels. The approach permits an efficient method for numerical evaluation of the bound, providing an additional tool for system design. The optimal rate-diversity trade-off for the Nakagami-m block-fading channel is also derived and a tight upper bound is obtained for the optimal coding gain constant.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures. This work has been accepted for IEEE Transactions on Information Theory and has been presented in part at the 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Nice, France, June 2007
Schmelztiegel Ruhrgebiet? Polnische und türkische Arbeiter im Bergbau: Integration und Assimilation in der montanindustriellen Erwerbsgesellschaft
Creators: name: Tenfelde, Klaus
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: As one of the most important heavy-industrial regions of Europe in the 19th and 20th century, the population of the Ruhr district was largely formed from migration that originated, first, from the nearby agrarian regions, and from the 1880s onwards, from far distant regions as well. Among the migrants, Poles from the Eastern territories of Prussia became dominant prior to the First World War. In an attempt of comparison with the other important group of ethnically divergent migrants that come in more recently, the Turkish population of the Ruhr, this article re-evaluates the well known assumption of the Ruhr as a successful “melting pot” of migrants and indigenous populations, an assumption that has frequently been taken as a most distinctive feature of the working-class population of the region.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 36 (2006): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Multi-messenger Implications of Sub-PeV Diffuse Galactic Gamma-Ray Emission
Creators: name: Fang, Ke
name: Murase, Kohta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffuse Galactic gamma-ray flux between 0.1 and 1 PeV has recently been measured by the Tibet AS$γ$ Collaboration. The flux and spectrum are consistent with the decay of neutral pions from hadronuclear interactions between Galactic cosmic rays and the interstellar medium (ISM). We derive the flux of the Galactic diffuse neutrino emission from the same interaction process that produces the gamma rays. Our calculation accounts for the effect of gamma-ray attenuation inside the Milky Way and uncertainties due to the spectrum and distribution of cosmic rays, gas density, and infrared emission of the ISM. We find that the contribution from the Galactic plane to the all-sky neutrino flux is $\lesssim5-10\%$ around 100 TeV. The Galactic and extragalactic neutrino intensities are comparable in the Galactic plane region. Our results are consistent with the upper limit reported by the IceCube and ANTARES Collaborations, and predict that next-generation neutrino experiments may observe the Galactic component. We also show that the Tibet AS$γ$ data imply either an additional component in the cosmic-ray nucleon spectrum or contribution from discrete sources, including Pevatrons such as superbubbles and hypernova remnants, and PeV electron accelerators. Future multi-messenger observations between 1 TeV and 1 PeV are crucial to decomposing the origin of sub-PeV gamma rays.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Balance of forces in simulated bilayers
Creators: name: Stecki, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two kinds of simulated bilayers are described and the results are reported for lateral tension and for partial contributions of intermolecular forces to it.Data for a widest possible range of areas per surfactant head, from tunnel formation through tensionless state, transition to floppy bilayer,to its disintegration, are reported and discussed. The significance of the tensionless state, is discussed. Conclusions: (1) the tensionless state is a coincidence;(2) the transition from extended to floppy bilayer occurs nearby and has hallmarks of a phase transition (3) there is no theory of that transition.(4)The lateral tension of the floppy bilayer scales with size; that of the extended bilayer does not depend on size. (4) The drumhead model not appropriate for interfaces as these fluctuate via diffusion.(5) The radius of gyration also! shows a discontinuity.
description: 12 pages of source in TeX, 6 figures as *.EPS / v2 was defective(noFigs.). free reprints at http://pubs.acs.org/cgi-bin/download.pl?jp710744t/d8m9
Wie schreibt man die Geschichte des Ruhrgebiets? Anmerkungen zum Projekt „Historisches Lesebuch“ der Stiftung Bibliothek des Ruhrgebiets
Creators: name: Welskopp, Thomas
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Wie schreibt man die Geschichte des Ruhrgebiets? Anmerkungen zum Projekt „Historisches Lesebuch“ der Stiftung Bibliothek des Ruhrgebiets" of MTS 40 (2008).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 40 (2008): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Additional file 4 of The roles of primary care doctors in the COVID-19 pandemic: consistency and influencing factors of doctor's perception and actions and nominal definitions
Creators: name: Yang, Chenbin
name: Yin, Jiana
name: Liu, Jiongjiong
name: Liu, Jinying
name: Chen, Qin
name: Yang, Hui
name: Ni, Yunchao
name: Li, Bingcan
name: Li, Yanmei
name: Lin, Jin
name: Zhou, Ziwei
name: Li, Zhangping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Chi-square analysis of the factors associated with consistency of role perception of treating suspected cases with expert advice in primary care doctors.
Conservative treatment of acute traumatic posterior shoulder dislocations (Type A) is a viable option especially in patients with centred joint, low gamma angle, and middle or old age
Creators: name: Festbaum, Christian
name: Minkus, Marvin
name: Akgün, Doruk
name: Hupperich, Andreas
name: Maier, Dirk
name: Auffarth, Alexander
name: Mitterer, Marian
name: Hoffelner, Thomas
name: Tauber, Mark
name: Fritsch, Lorenz
name: Moroder, Philipp
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Posterior shoulder instability
subject: Shoulder dislocation
subject: Reverse Hill-Sachs lesion
subject: Conservative therapy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Purpose of this study was to evaluate the mid- to long-term outcome after conservatively treated first-time posterior shoulder dislocations and to determine structural defects associated with failure. Methods: In this multi-centric retrospective study, 29 shoulders in 28 patients with first-time acute posterior shoulder dislocation (Type A1 or A2 according to the ABC classification) and available cross-sectional imaging were included. Outcome scores as well as radiological and magnetic resonance imaging were obtained at a mean follow-up of 8.3 +/- 2.7 years (minimum: 5 years). The association of structural defects with redislocation, need for secondary surgery, and inferior clinical outcomes were analysed. Results: Redislocation occurred in six (21%) shoulders and nine shoulders (31%) underwent secondary surgery due to persistent symptoms. The posttraumatic posterior glenohumeral subluxation was higher in the redislocation group compared to the no redislocation group; however, statistical significance was not reached (61.9 +/- 12.5% vs. 50.6 +/- 6.4%). Furthermore, a higher adapted gamma angle was observed in the failed conservative treatment group versus the conservative treatment group, similarly without statistically significant difference (97.8 degrees +/- 7.2 degrees, vs. 93.3 degrees +/- 9.7 degrees). The adapted gamma angle was higher than 90 degrees in all patients of failed conservative therapy and the redislocation group. An older age at the time of dislocation showed a significant correlation with better clinical outcomes (SSV: r = 0.543, p = 0.02; ROWE: r = 0.418, p = 0.035 and WOSI: r = 0.478, p = 0.045). Posterior glenohumeral subluxation after trauma correlated with a worse WOSI (r = - 0.59, p = 0.02) and follow-up posterior glenohumeral decentring (r = 0.68, p = 0.007). The gamma angle (r = 0.396, p = 0.039) and depth of the reverse Hill-Sachs lesion (r = 0.437, p = 0.023) correlated significantly with the grade of osteoarthritis at follow-up. Conclusion: Conservative treatment is a viable option in patients with an acute traumatic posterior shoulder dislocation with good outcome after mid- and long-term follow-up especially in patients with centred joint, low gamma angle, and middle or old age.
Η δράση των φωσφατασών σε γεωργικά οικοσυστήματα στη Β. Ελλάδα
Creators: name: Αλαμάνου, Μαρία Δ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Φωσφατάσες
Alfisol
Entisol
Vertisol
Phosphatases

description: Στην εργασία αυτή διερευνώνται οι φωσφατάσες, όξινες (ΦΟΥ) και αλκαλικές (ΦΑΥ), σε τρεις τάξεις γεωργικών εδαφών, Alfisol, Vertisol και Entisol, στη Β. Ελλαδα και σε δυο διαφορετικές πρακτικές, καλλιεργημένα (Τ) και ακαλλιέργητα (F). Η δράση των ΦΟΥ ήταν υψηλότερη έναντι των ΦΑΥ στα Entisol και Vertisol, ενώ στα Alfisol οι ΦΟΥ ήταν περισσότερες. Οι ΦΟΥ (δυο περιοχές) ελαττώνονταν με τη σειρά Alfisol > Vertisol > Entisol. Το pH ήταν ο κυριότερος παράγοντας καθώς και το είδος της καλλιέργειας που επηρέασαν τη δράση των ΦΟΥ. Οι ΦΟΥ είχαν σχέση με ιδιότητες του εδάφους που επηρέαζαν: 1. άμεσα την ανάπτυξη του φυτού, 2. την προσρόφηση των ΦΟ στο έδαφος και 3. την ενεργοποίηση ή μη των ΦΟ. Η δράση των ΦΑΥ διέφερε στις τρεις τάξεις των εδαφών με την σειρά Entisol > Alfisol, ενώ στα Vertisol δεν ακολουθούσε καμία σειρά. Το ελαφρώς αλκαλικό pH των εδαφών επηρέασε θετικά τη δράση των ΦΑΥ. Οι ΦΑΥ είχαν σχέση με ιδιότητες του εδάφους που επηρέαζαν: 1. την ανάπτυξη των μικροοργανισμών του εδάφους, 2. την προσρόφηση των ΦΑ στο έδαφος και 3. την ενεργοποίηση ή μη των ΦΑ. Οι ΦΟΥ των Τ ήταν περισσότερες των F, ενώ οι ΦΑΥ των F ήταν περισσότερες των Τ. Οι προσροφούμενες φωσφατάσες (ΦΟΞ και ΦΑΞ) στα κολλοειδή του εδάφους και στις τρεις τάξεις των εδαφών ήταν λιγότερες από τις ΦΟΥ και ΦΑΥ και εξαρτώνται από την αντίστοιχη δράση των ΦΟΥ και ΦΑΥ.
description: In this paper we investigated phosphatases, acid (PACM) and alkaline (PALM), in three agricultural soils classes, Alfisol, Vertisol and Entisol, in Northern Greece and in two different practices, cultivated (T) and not (F). The activities of PACM were less than PALM in Entisols and Vertisols, while in Alfisols were higher. The average number of PACM (two areas) diminished in turn Alfisol > Vertisol > Entisol. The type of cultivation and pH were the main factors that influenced PACM. PACM were related to soil properties which affect: 1. direct plant growth, 2. adsorption of PAC in soil and 3. activation or not of PAC. The activities of PALM differed among the three classes of soil and followed the order Entisol > Alfisol, while Vertisols did not follow any order. The slightly alkaline pH positively affected the activities of PALM. PALM were related to soil properties that affect: 1. the development of soil microorganisms, 2. adsorption of PAL in soil and 3. activation or not of PAL. PAM of T was higher than F, while PALM of F was higher than T. The adsorbed phosphatases (PACD and PALD) in soil colloides in all three classes of soil were less than PAM and PALM and depended on the respective activities the PAC and PAL, except from PAD in Entisol.
Analytic theory of narrow lattice solitons
Creators: name: Sivan, Y.
name: Fibich, G.
name: Efremidis, N. K.
name: Bar-Ad, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The profiles of narrow lattice solitons are calculated analytically using perturbation analysis. A stability analysis shows that solitons centered at a lattice (potential) maximum are unstable, as they drift toward the nearest lattice minimum. This instability can, however, be so weak that the soliton is ``mathematically unstable'' but ``physically stable''. Stability of solitons centered at a lattice minimum depends on the dimension of the problem and on the nonlinearity. In the subcritical and supercritical cases, the lattice does not affect the stability, leaving the solitons stable and unstable, respectively. In contrast, in the critical case (e.g., a cubic nonlinearity in two transverse dimensions), the lattice stabilizes the (previously unstable) solitons. The stability in this case can be so weak, however, that the soliton is ``mathematically stable'' but ``physically unstable''.
Mitgestalten – Wandel und Kultur im Ruhrgebiet zwischen Nachkriegszeit und Kohlenkrisen
Creators: name: Kift, Dagmar
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Mitgestalten – Wandel und Kultur im Ruhrgebiet zwischen Nachkriegszeit und Kohlenkrisen" of MTS 40 (2008).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 40 (2008): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Increasing grades of frontal deformities in knee osteoarthritis are not associated with ligamentous ankle instabilities
Creators: name: Graef, F.
name: Rühling, M.
name: Gwinner, C.
name: Hommel, H.
name: Tsitsilonis, S.
name: Perka, C.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Total knee arthroplasty
subject: Knee osteoarthritis
subject: Ankle stability
subject: Kinematic chain
subject: Joint interaction
subject: Frontal plane alignment
subject: Coronal alignment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Varus or valgus deformities in knee osteoarthritis may have a crucial impact on ankle subtalar range of motion (ROM) and ligamentous stability. The purpose of this study was to assess whether the grade of ankle eversion and inversion rotation stability was influenced by frontal deformities of the knee joint. Methods: Patients who were planned to undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were prospectively included in this study. Patients were examined radiologically (mechanical tibiofemoral angle (mTFA), hindfoot alignment view angle (HAVA), anterior distal tibia angle (ADTA)) and clinically (ROM of the knee and ankle joint, foot function index, knee osteoarthritis outcome score). Ankle stability was assessed using an ankle arthrometer (AA) to test inversion/eversion (ie) rotation and anterior/posterior (ap) displacement stability of the ankle joint. Correlations were calculated using Pearson's coefficient, and differences between two independent groups of nonparametric data were calculated using a two-sided Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Eighty-two (varus n = 52, valgus n = 30) patients were included. The preoperative mTFA significantly correlated with the HAVA (Pearson's correlation = - 0.72, p < 0.001). Laxity testing of the ankle demonstrated that in both varus and valgus knee osteoarthritis, higher grades of mTFA did not correlate with the inversion or eversion capacity of the ankle joint. The ADTA significantly correlated with the posterior displacement of the ankle joint (cor = 0.24, p = 0.049). Conclusions: This study could not confirm that higher degrees of frontal knee deformities in osteoarthritis were associated with increasing grades of ligamentous ankle instabilities or a reduced ROM of the subtalar joint.
Gewerkschaften und Europa. Bericht der Tagung „Towards Transnational Trade Union Representation? National Trade Unions and European Integration“
Creators: name: Hülsken, Claudia
name: Legrand, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Gewerkschaften und Europa. Bericht der Tagung 'Towards Transnational Trade Union Representation? National Trade Unions and European Integration'" of MTS 40 (2008).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 40 (2008): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
The perfect groups of order up to two million
Creators: name: Hulpke, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20-08

description: We enumerate the 15768 perfect groups of order up to $2\cdot 10^6$, up to isomorphism, thus also completing the missing cases in the prior classification. The work supplements the by now well-understood computer classifications of solvable groups, illustrating scope and feasibility of the enumeration process for nonsolvable groups.