cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2 of Exploring barriers to dementia screening and management services by general practitioners in China: a qualitative study using the COM-B model
Creators: name: Gong, Ni
name: Yang, Dan
name: Zou, Jianfeng
name: He, Qianyu
name: Hu, Lei
name: Chen, Weiju
name: Liao, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2. Interview Guide of focus group
Emergent Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless and Kugel-Khomskii physics in the triangular lattice bilayer colbaltate
Creators: name: Chen, Gang V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the experiments on the triangular lattice bilayer colbaltate K$_2$Co$_2$(SeO$_3$)$_3$, we formulate a theory to explore the underlying physics from a couple observation. The model is composed of interacting Co$^{2+}$ dimers on the triangular lattice, where the Co$^{2+}$ ion provides an effective spin-1/2 local moment via the spin-orbit coupling and the crystal field effect. The intra-dimer interaction is dominant and would simply favor the local spin singlet, and the inter-dimer interactions compete with the inter-dimer interaction, leading to rich behaviors. With the easy-axis anisotropy, it is shown that, in the ground state manifold of the intra-dimer Ising interaction, the system realizes an effective transverse field Ising model, where the ground state is either a three-sublattice order or Ising disordered. The finite temperature regime naturally realizes the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless physics. To explore the full excitations, we incorporate the excited state manifold of the intra-dimer Ising interaction and establish the emergent Kugel-Khomskii physics. Thus, the triangular lattice bilayer colbaltate is an excellent platform to explore the interplay between geometrical frustration and anisotropic interactions as well as the emergent effective models and the resulting physics.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, small correction
Direct and Indirect Couplings in Coherent Feedback Control of Linear Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Zhang, Guofeng
name: James, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The purpose of this paper is to study and design direct and indirect couplings for use in coherent feedback control of a class of linear quantum stochastic systems. A general physical model for a nominal linear quantum system coupled directly and indirectly to external systems is presented. Fundamental properties of stability, dissipation, passivity, and gain for this class of linear quantum models are presented and characterized using complex Lyapunov equations and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Coherent $H^\infty$ and LQG synthesis methods are extended to accommodate direct couplings using multistep optimization. Examples are given to illustrate the results.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, October 2010
Additional file 2 of The safety of MSC therapy over the past 15 years: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Yang
name: Yi, Hanxiao
name: Song, Yancheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. PRISMA 2009 checklist.
The Lattice Structure of Connection Preserving Deformations for q-Painlevé Equations I
Creators: name: Ormerod, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We wish to explore a link between the Lax integrability of the $q$-Painlevé equations and the symmetries of the $q$-Painlevé equations. We shall demonstrate that the connection preserving deformations that give rise to the $q$-Painlevé equations may be thought of as elements of the groups of Schlesinger transformations of their associated linear problems. These groups admit a very natural lattice structure. Each Schlesinger transformation induces a Bäcklund transformation of the $q$-Painlevé equation. Each translational Bäcklund transformation may be lifted to the level of the associated linear problem, effectively showing that each translational Bäcklund transformation admits a Lax pair. We will demonstrate this framework for the $q$-Painlevé equations up to and including $q$-$\mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{VI}}$.
Landau-Zener-Stückelberg Interference of Microwave Dressed States of a Superconducting Phase Qubit
Creators: name: Sun, Guozhu
name: Wen, Xueda
name: Mao, Bo
name: Yu, Yang
name: Chen, Jian
name: Xu, Weiwei
name: Kang, Lin
name: Wu, Peiheng
name: Han, Siyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first observation of Landau-Zener-Stückelberg (LZS) interference of the dressed states arising from an artificial atom, a superconducting phase qubit, interacting with a microwave field. The dependence of LZS interference fringes on various external parameters and the initial state of the qubit agrees quantitatively very well with the theoretical prediction. Such LZS interferometry between the dressed states enables us to control the quantum states of a tetrapartite solid-state system with ease, demonstrating the feasibility of implementing efficient multipartite quantum logic gates with this unique approach.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures To appear in Physical Review B(R)
title: Simultaneous Deconvolution of In‐Plane and Out‐of‐Plane Forces of HOPG at the Atomic Scale under Ambient Conditions by Multifrequency Atomic Force Microscopy
Creators: name: Eichhorn, Anna L.
name: Dietz, Christian
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2023

description: Multifrequency atomic force microscopy (AFM) is shown to be an excellent tool for imaging crystal structures at atomic resolution in different spatial directions. However, determining the forces between single atoms remains challenging, particularly in air under ambient conditions. Developed here is a trimodal AFM approach that simultaneously acquires torsional and flexural frequency‐shift images and spectroscopic data to transfer these observables into in‐plane and out‐of‐plane forces between single bonds of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) at atomic resolution in air under ambient conditions based on the Fourier method. It is found that the cantilever mean deflection is an excellent indicator to understand that strong attractive interactions between the tip and the surface of HOPG in dynamic AFM imply a local lift of the topmost carbon layer when using higher eigenmodes for the topographical feedback. Cross‐talk between torsional and flexural‐oscillation modes is shown to be negligible. Interestingly, significant differences are observed in the in‐plane forces depending on the orientation of the carbon bonds relative to the direction of torsional oscillation.
On the algebraic numbers computable by some generalized Ehrenfest urns
Creators: name: Albenque, Marie
name: Gerin, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article deals with some stochastic population protocols, motivated by theoretical aspects of distributed computing. We modelize the problem by a large urn of black and white balls from which at every time unit a fixed number of balls are drawn and their colors are changed according to the number of black balls among them. When the time and the number of balls both tend to infinity the proportion of black balls converges to an algebraic number. We prove that, surprisingly enough, not every algebraic number can be "computed" this way.
Pharmacokinetics of cationic host-defense peptides and innate defense regulators in native and formulated states
Creators: name: Esposito, Tullio Vito Francesco
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Nature presents a solution to drug resistant infections in the form of cationic host defense peptides (CHDPs), such as LL-37, that exhibit wide-ranging antimicrobial, anti-biofilm, and immunomodulatory properties. Innate defense regulators (IDRs), such as IDR-1002 and IDR-1018, are synthetic derivatives of CHDPs with enhanced effects on the host immune system but diminished direct antimicrobial activity. Many barriers exist in the development of CHDPs and IDRs. These include toxicity arising from the cationic and amphiphilic nature of the peptides, which gives them a propensity to lyse cell membranes and precipitate. Formulations have been reported, such as polymer conjugates, that improve their biocompatibility. However, a fundamental lack of knowledge exists around the pharmacokinetics of CHDPs and IDRs, whether in their native or formulated state. Understanding how these peptides are absorbed, distributed, metabolized and excreted is important to fully understand their mechanism, safety and efficacy profile, and to rationally drive their formulation and clinical translation. In this thesis, a detailed pharmacokinetic study was undertaken for LL-37, IDR-1002 and IDR-1018. The peptides were radiolabeled with gallium-67 and injected into healthy mice at doses between 1-40 mg/kg via several routes of administration— intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC), intratracheal (IT), intraperitoneal (IP). The peptides were then quantitatively tracked up to 48 h post-injection using nuclear techniques. At low doses, all peptides were well-tolerated across all routes of administration, rapidly absorbed from extracellular sites and rapidly cleared from the blood compartment. Higher doses of IDRs caused acute respiratory failure and death when given IV or IT. Pronounced lung distribution and disruption to the air-exchange surfaces was observed with high doses of IV IDRs. Delayed systemic absorption was noted upon dose escalation in the SC and IP cohorts, and visual signs of precipitation were observed at the SC injection site for IDR-1002. To overcome some of the toxicity and pharmacokinetic limitations observed, IDR-1002 was also reformulated in this thesis onto hyperbranched polyglycerol (HPG) via a redox-sensitive linkage. The conjugates had enhanced colloidal stability and maintained the biological profile of the IDR. Conjugates with a 5:1 peptide-to-polymer ratio, but not higher, circulated well when administered IV compared to native IDR-1002.
Creation and control of a two-dimensional electron liquid at the bare SrTiO3 surface
Creators: name: Meevasana, W.
name: King, P. D. C.
name: He, R. H.
name: Mo, S. -K.
name: Hashimoto, M.
name: Tamai, A.
name: Songsiriritthigul, P.
name: Baumberger, F.
name: Shen, Z. -X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many-body interactions in transition-metal oxides give rise to a wide range of functional properties, such as high-temperature superconductivity, colossal magnetoresistance, or multiferroicity. The seminal recent discovery of a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) at the interface of the insulating oxides LaAlO3 and SrTiO3 represents an important milestone towards exploiting such properties in all-oxide devices. This conducting interface shows a number of appealing properties, including a high electron mobility, superconductivity, and large magnetoresistance and can be patterned on the few-nanometer length scale. However, the microscopic origin of the interface 2DEG is poorly understood. Here, we show that a similar 2DEG, with an electron density as large as 8x10^13 cm^-2, can be formed at the bare SrTiO3 surface. Furthermore, we find that the 2DEG density can be controlled through exposure of the surface to intense ultraviolet (UV) light. Subsequent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements reveal an unusual coexistence of a light quasiparticle mass and signatures of strong many-body interactions.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, supplementary information (see other files)
Hierarchical Tree-structured Knowledge Graph For Academic Insight Survey
Creators: name: Li, Jinghong
name: Phan, Huy
name: Gu, Wen
name: Ota, Koichi
name: Hasegawa, Shinobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Research surveys have always posed a challenge for beginner researchers who lack of research training. These researchers struggle to understand the directions within their research topic, and the discovery of new research findings within a short time. One way to provide intuitive assistance to beginner researchers is by offering relevant knowledge graphs(KG) and recommending related academic papers. However, existing navigation knowledge graphs primarily rely on keywords in the research field and often fail to present the logical hierarchy among multiple related papers clearly. Moreover, most recommendation systems for academic papers simply rely on high text similarity, which can leave researchers confused as to why a particular article is being recommended. They may lack of grasp important information about the insight connection between "Issue resolved" and "Issue finding" that they hope to obtain. To address these issues, this study aims to support research insight surveys for beginner researchers by establishing a hierarchical tree-structured knowledge graph that reflects the inheritance insight of research topics and the relevance insight among the academic papers.
description: This paper has been published by 'The 18TH International Conference on INnovations in Intelligent SysTems and Applications (INISTA 2024)'
Fast Transition-Aware Reconfiguration of Liquid Crystal-based RISs
Creators: name: Delbari, Mohamadreza
name: Neuder, Robin
name: Jiménez-Sáez, Alejandro
name: Asadi, Arash
name: Jamali, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Liquid crystal (LC) technology offers a cost-effective, scalable, energy-efficient, and continuous phase tunable realization of extremely large reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). However, LC response time to achieve a desired differential phase is significantly higher compared to competing silicon-based technologies (RF switches, PIN diodes, etc). The slow response time can be the performance bottleneck for applications where frequent reconfiguration of the RIS (e.g., to serve different users) is needed. In this paper, we develop an RIS phase-shift design that is aware of the transition behavior and aims to minimize the time to switch among multiple RIS configurations each serving a mobile user in a time-division multiple-access (TDMA) protocol. Our simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm significantly reduces the time required for the users to achieve a threshold signal quality. This leads to a considerable improvement in the achievable throughput for applications, where the length of the TDMA time intervals is comparable with the RIS reconfiguration time.
A Story Of A Scientist: A Researcher, Mentor, Teacher, Leader, And Advocate
Creators: name: Jilani, Safia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30604 Electrochemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30102 Electroanalytical Chemistry
subject: NMR Spectroscopy
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 30601 Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions
subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Dear Reader,

This dissertation was submitted to and accepted by the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (GSAS) of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Chemistry.

This dissertation documents some of my contributions to the scientific community during my doctoral studies as well as growth and reflections as a PhD scientist. There are 5 chapters of research (with reflections and growth for each research project done), one chapter on science communication, one chapter on leadership and advocacy, and one chapter on reflections and growth.

The goal of sharing this dissertation is to serve as an example of:
[1] Documenting contributions to the scientific community that are both in and beyond the laboratory

[2] Highlighting and valuing invisible work in the scientific community, academia, and PhD education

[3] Modeling the value of reflection and growth in higher education for a scientist
If you are inspired by this dissertation to incorporate contributions to your field beyond the laboratory / peer reviewed papers in your (or your students' / department's) thesis / dissertation, feel free to let me know in this form so I can measure how much this work is also valued to others:
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdPPBL2SGaZyIQ9lGSiOe1lb-78EMxXiz0S05W5jMxGkH2a-A/viewform?usp=sf_link
If reading my dissertation inspires you to add invisible work to your thesis / dissertation, I would be grateful if you can cite this DOI.
This helps document impact to help encourage those in academic leadership to see value in this kind of work.
Thank you and best wishes,
Safia Z. Jilani, PhDShe/Her/HersA Scientist, Researcher, Mentor, Teacher, Leader, and Advocate ♡
Using the Hardy-Weinberg Equations: Quantifying Natural Selection and Allele Frequencies
Creators: name: Wesley, Gina
name: McNamara, Sean
name: Livernoche, Kelly
name: Newtoff, Kiersten
name: Gretes, William
name: Bell, Allison
name: Leips, Jeff
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: This module contains exercises designed to walk students through a real-world example of the coevolution of fruit color and primate frugivore color vision. Students will apply the Hardy-Weinberg Principle to quantitatively determine if evolution is occurring. This will be accomplished through calculating allele and genotype frequencies, analyzing data sets, and evaluating hypotheses through Chi-square statistical analyses. LEGOs are used to simulate population genetics.
Additional file 1 of Discrimination and isolation of the virus from free RNA fragments for the highly sensitive measurement of SARS-CoV-2 abundance on surfaces using a graphene oxide nano surface
Creators: name: Yoo, Hyun Jin
name: Li, Yun Guang
name: Cui, Wen Ying
name: Chung, Wonseok
name: Shin, Yong-Beom
name: Kim, Yeon-Sook
name: Baek, Changyoon
name: Min, Junhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. PCR primer set of each RNA and DNA. Figure S1. SARS- CoV-2 RNA stability in environmental surface condition. Figure S2. Result of SARS-CoV-2 detection by using new sample preparation protocol and commercial protocol (identical concentration spread on the surface (1x1 m2)). Figure S3. Layout of sampling area in (a) single-person room and (b) double sharing room. Figure S4. Calibration curve of (a) HCoV-229E, (b) SARS-CoV-2 (triplicated).
Additional file 1 of Revealing the potential mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus improving prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by combining transcriptomics and network pharmacology
Creators: name: Liu, Zhili
name: Ma, Huihan
name: Lai, Zelin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1 25 DEGs in HepG2 cells after Astragalus membranaceus treatment. Table S2 All significantly enriched biological processes (GO terms). Table S3 256 genes significantly associated with HCC prognosis. Figure S1. (A) MT1G expression level tended to decrease in human fibroblasts in daidzein treatment group. (B) After excluding outliers, MT1G expression level was significantly decreased in human fibroblasts in daidzein treatment group. (C) MT2A expression level tended to increase in human fibroblasts in daidzein treatment group. Figure S2. (A) GSEA analysis of ferroptosis showed that ferroptosis was increased after daidzein treatment in human fibroblasts. (B) The ferroptosis potential index (FPI) was significantly increased after daidzein treatment in human fibroblasts. Figure S3. GSEA analysis of negative regulation of growth showed that Astragalus membranaceus may inhibit the growth of HepG2 cells.
On a class of differential-algebraic equations with infinite delay
Creators: name: Bisconti, Luca
name: Spadini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A09, 34K13, 34C40

description: We study the set of $T$-periodic solutions of a class of $T$-periodically perturbed Differential-Algebraic Equations, allowing the perturbation to contain a distributed and possibly infinite delay. Under suitable assumptions, the perturbed equations are equivalent to Retarded Functional (Ordinary) Differential Equations on a manifold. Our study is based on known results about the latter class of equations.
description: 13 pages. Revision: Incorporate changes suggested by readers. Corrected a few typos across the paper, definition of BU added, revised the (previously incorrect) definition of solution of RFDAE, made slight changes in the Introduction. Replacement of Dec. 6, 2012: introduced further changes suggested by referee, bundled addendum/erratum containing a corrected version of Lemma 5.5 and Corollary 5.7
Архивные копии к статье "Рейтинги медицинских, фармацевтических и ветеринарных ВУЗов в "ТОП-200 Украина" на подконтрольных территориях как показатель результатов военного конфликта и реформы медицинского образования"
Creators: name: Сергеевич, Шевченко Александр
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: накази МОЗ України
Донецький національний медичний університет імені М. Горького

description: Архивные копии к статье [Шевченко А.С. Рейтинги медицинских, фармацевтических и ветеринарных ВУЗов в "ТОП-200 Украина" на подконтрольных территориях как показатель результатов военного конфликта и реформы медицинского образования // Вестник Харьковского Регионального Института Проблем Общественного Здравоохранения, №5(85). - Украина, Харьков: ХРИПОЗ, 2018. - С. 37-54]:

11. [Наказ МОЗ України №876 від 21.11.2014 "Про організацію діяльності Донецького національного медичного університету імені М. Горького". https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v0876282-14]

In English: [Order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine No. 876 of November 21, 2014 "On the organization of activities of Donetsk National Medical University named after M. Gorky".  http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2652584]
Additional file 1 of Forsythiaside A ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury via anti-inflammation and antiapoptotic effects by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress
Creators: name: Chen, Yi
name: Wei, Wei
name: Fu, Jingnan
name: Zhang, Teng
name: Zhao, Jie
name: Ma, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Condensates induced by interband coupling in a double-well lattice
Creators: name: Zhou, Qi
name: Porto, J. V.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict novel inter-band physics for bosons in a double-well lattice. An intrinsic coupling between the s and px band due to interaction gives rise to larger Mott regions on the phase diagram at even fillings than the ones at odd fillings. On the other hand, the ground state can form various types of condensates, including a mixture of single-particle condensates of both bands, a mixture of a single-particle condensate of one band and a pair-condensate of the other band, and a pair-condensate composed of one particle from one band and one hole from the other band. The predicted phenomena should be observable in current experiments on double-well optical lattices.
description: Published version
Bison and bighorns : assessing the potential impacts of reintroducing a large herbivore to a mountainous landscape
Creators: name: White, Peter James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Wildlife reintroductions can reshape energetic flows in food webs. After a 150-year absence, plains bison (Bison bison bison) were recently reintroduced to Banff National Park (BNP) to restore the impact of this threatened keystone species. Given their large size and energetic demands, BNP managers anticipated bison to cause reverberating effects on food webs. My research provides a rare opportunity to explore the impacts of this reintroduction on another large herbivore, the Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis Canadensis). Understanding the potential for interactions between bison and other sympatric ungulates remains an important factor to determine the future of bison management in BNP. Using GPS collars from 39 sheep and 11 bison, collared between 2018 and 2021, I investigated their resource and spatial use to determine overlap and evaluate three hypotheses: competition, facilitation, and complementarity. Using the competition hypothesis, I predicted sheep would overlap with bison in resource use, but avoid areas spatially. Alternately, the facilitation hypothesis predicted bison and sheep would overlap spatially, select similar resources, and sheep would prefer areas of higher bison utilization. If both species exhibited low spatial and resource overlap, I predicted complementarity. At the population level, bison and sheep exhibited low levels of spatial overlap and there was strong evidence of resource separation in all seasons. In winter, sheep selected for areas of higher bison utilization; however in summer they avoided them. These results did not support the potential for competition or facilitation between bison and sheep and provided the strongest evidence of complementarity. In winter, summer, and fall, results indicated that bison selected areas of higher-quality sheep habitat; as bison populations continue to grow, interactions between these species could increase. To better understand the future impacts of BNP’s bison reintroduction on sheep, managers should: 1) Investigate seasonal diets of both species; 2) Monitor bison use on sheep winter range when resources are more scarce; 3) Evaluate direct displacement interactions; 4) Monitor range health in areas of high bison utilization.
Entanglement Spectrum, Critical Exponents and Order Parameters in Quantum Spin Chains
Creators: name: De Chiara, G.
name: Lepori, L.
name: Lewenstein, M.
name: Sanpera, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the entanglement spectrum near criticality in finite quantum spin chains. Using finite size scaling we show that when approaching a quantum phase transition, the Schmidt gap, i.e., the difference between the two largest eigenvalues of the reduced density matrix, signals the critical point and scales with universal critical exponents related to the relevant operators of the corresponding perturbed conformal field theory describing the critical point. Such scaling behavior allows us to identify explicitly the Schmidt gap as a local order parameter.
description: New title and modified conclusions; published version
Weak Measurements Beyond the Aharonov-Albert-Vaidman Formalism
Creators: name: Wu, Shengjun
name: Li, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the idea of weak measurements to the general case, provide a complete treatment and obtain results for both the regime when the pre-selected and post-selected states (PPS) are almost orthogonal and the regime when they are exactly orthogonal. We surprisingly find that for a fixed interaction strength, there may exist a maximum signal amplification and a corresponding optimum overlap of PPS to achieve it. For weak measurements in the orthogonal regime, we find interesting quantities that play the same role that weak values play in the non-orthogonal regime.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Barriers to accessing internet-based home Care for Older Patients: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Zhao, Baosheng
name: Zhang, Xiaoman
name: Huang, Rendong
name: Yi, Mo
name: Dong, Xiaofei
name: Li, Zhenxiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Interview Outline.
Coherent transport through graphene nanoribbons in the presence of edge disorder
Creators: name: Libisch, F.
name: Rotter, S.
name: Burgdörfer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate electron transport through graphene nanoribbons of experimentally realizable size (length L up to 2 micrometer, width W approximately 40 nm) in the presence of scattering at rough edges. Our numerical approach is based on a modular recursive Green's function technique that features sub-linear scaling with L of the computational effort. We identify the influence of the broken A-B sublattice (or chiral) symmetry and of K-K' scattering by Fourier spectroscopy of individual scattering states. For long ribbons we find Anderson-localized scattering states with a well-defined exponential decay over 10 orders of magnitude in amplitude.
description: 8 pages, 6 Figures
Background independent tensor networks
Creators: name: Akers, Chris
name: Wei, Annie Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional holographic tensor networks can be described as toy holographic maps constructed from many small linear maps acting in a spatially local way, all connected together with ``background entanglement'', i.e. links of a fixed state, often the maximally entangled state. However, these constructions fall short of modeling real holographic maps. One reason is that their ``areas'' are trivial, taking the same value for all states, unlike in gravity where the geometry is dynamical. Recently, new constructions have ameliorated this issue by adding degrees of freedom that ``live on the links''. This makes areas non-trivial, equal to the background entanglement piece plus a new positive piece that depends on the state of the link degrees of freedom. Nevertheless, this still has the downside that there is background entanglement, and hence it only models relatively limited code subspaces in which every area has a definite minimum value given by the background entanglement. In this note, we simply point out that a version of these constructions goes one step further: they can be background independent, with no background entanglement in the holographic map. This is advantageous because it allows tensor networks to model holographic maps for larger code subspaces. In addition to pointing this out, we address some subtleties involved in making it work and point out a nice connection it offers to recent discussions of random CFT data.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, v2 added citation and fixed typos, v3 clarified wording
PBW for an inclusion of Lie algebras
Creators: name: Calaque, Damien
name: Caldararu, Andrei
name: Tu, Junwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B35, 17B55, 53C35

description: Let h \subset g be an inclusion of Lie algebras with quotient h-module n. There is a natural degree filtration on the h-module U(g)/U(g)h whose associated graded h-module is isomorphic to S(n). We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a splitting of this filtration. In turn such a splitting yields an isomorphism between the h-modules U(g)/U(g)h and S(n). For the diagonal embedding h \subset h \oplus h the condition is automatically satisfied and we recover the classical Poincae-Birkhoff-Witt theorem. The main theorem and its proof are direct translations of results in algebraic geometry, obtained using an ad hoc dictionary. This suggests the existence of a unified framework allowing the simultaneous study of Lie algebras and of algebraic varieties, and a closely related work in this direction is on the way.
description: Major revision, proofs of several results rewritten. Added a section explaining the case of a general representation, as opposed to the trivial one. 20 pages, LaTeX
Additional file 2 of Active virus-host interactions at sub-freezing temperatures in Arctic peat soil
Creators: name: Trubl, Gareth
name: Kimbrel, Jeffrey A.
name: Liquet-Gonzalez, Jose
name: Nuccio, Erin E.
name: Weber, Peter K.
name: Pett-Ridge, Jennifer
name: Jansson, Janet K.
name: Waldrop, Mark P.
name: Blazewicz, Steven J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary text. Placing vOTUs in the context of global viruses. Generation of gene-sharing networks.
Pathogen evolution in switching environments: a hybrid dynamical system approach
Creators: name: Farkas, Jozsef Z.
name: Hinow, Peter
name: Engelstädter, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60K37, 92D15

description: We propose a hybrid dynamical system approach to model the evolution of a pathogen that experiences different selective pressures according to a stochastic process. In every environment, the evolution of the pathogen is described by a version of the Fisher-Haldane-Wright equation while the switching between environments follows a Markov jump process. We investigate how the qualitative behavior of a simple single-host deterministic system changes when the stochastic switching process is added. In particular, we study the stability in probability of monomorphic equilibria. We prove that in a "constantly" fluctuating environment, the genotype with the highest mean fitness is asymptotically stable in probability. However, if the probability of host switching depends on the genotype composition of the population, polymorphism can be stably maintained. This is a corrected version of the paper that appeared in Mathematical Biosciences 240 (2012), p. 70-75. A corrigendum has appeared in the same journal.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Sex differences in subjective cognitive impairment and clinical correlates in Chinese patients with subthreshold depression
Creators: name: lv, Qinyu
name: Li, Xin
name: Zhang, Yao
name: Lu, Daofeng
name: Lu, Jiajing
name: Xie, Qingfang
name: Li, Hong
name: Wu, Yiming
name: Wang, Chongze
name: Yi, Zhenghui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Clinical variables independently associated with PDQ-D-20 score in male and female patients with SD.
Two experiments for the price of one? -- The role of the second oscillation maximum in long baseline neutrino experiments
Creators: name: Huber, Patrick
name: Kopp, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantitative impact that data from the second oscillation maximum has on the performance of wide band beam neutrino oscillation experiments. We present results for the physics sensitivities to standard three flavor oscillation, as well as results for the sensitivity to non-standard interactions. The quantitative study is performed using an experimental setup similar to the Fermilab to DUSEL Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE). We find that, with the single exception of sensitivity to the mass hierarchy, the second maximum plays only a marginal role due to the experimental difficulties to obtain a statistically significant and sufficiently background-free event sample at low energies. This conclusion is valid for both water Cherenkov and liquid argon detectors. Moreover, we confirm that non-standard neutrino interactions are very hard to distinguish experimentally from standard three-flavor effects and can lead to a considerable loss of sensitivity to θ_{13}, the mass hierarchy and CP violation.
description: RevTex 4.1, 23 pages, 10 figures; v2: Typos corrected, very minor clarifications; matches published version; v3: Fixed a typo in the first equation in sec. III A
title: Modeling short crack propagation under variable structural and thermal loadings
Creators: name: Bosch, Alexander
name: Vormwald, Michael
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2023

description: In the present work, a new concept for the prediction of fatigue life under variable structural and thermal loads is presented based on the modeling of short crack propagation by the effective cyclic J‐integral. Stresses in the range below the initial endurance limit up to plastic deformations can be considered. The development and validation of the concept is based on the large database of constant and variable amplitude loading tests for the austenitic stainless steel X6CrNiNb18‐10 (1.4550, AISI 347). Taking into account the influence of notches and welding process, tests were performed for specimens with different stress concentration factors and even with specimens of nonhomogeneous microstructure due to welding or its physical simulation (Gleeble). The input for the developed model is based on local stress–strain hysteresis in the order of their occurrence. This is the basis for considering load sequence effects; the new J‐based model considers several types of them. The model as well as the identification of the parameters will be presented in detail. Validation to experimental results is also shown against the background of common fatigue concepts. Basic aspects of the model are discussed.
Astronomical Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Massey, Philip
name: Hanson, Margaret M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopy is one of the most important tools that an astronomer has for studying the universe. This chapter begins by discussing the basics, including the different types of optical spectrographs, with extension to the ultraviolet and the near-infrared. Emphasis is given to the fundamentals of how spectrographs are used, and the trade-offs involved in designing an observational experiment. It then covers observing and reduction techniques, noting that some of the standard practices of flat-fielding often actually degrade the quality of the data rather than improve it. Although the focus is on point sources, spatially resolved spectroscopy of extended sources is also briefly discussed. Discussion of differential extinction, the impact of crowding, multi-object techniques, optimal extractions, flat-fielding considerations, and determining radial velocities and velocity dispersions provide the spectroscopist with the fundamentals needed to obtain the best data. Finally the chapter combines the previous material by providing some examples of real-life observing experiences with several typical instruments.
description: An abridged version of a chapter to appear in Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems, to be published in 2011 by Springer. Slightly revised
Improvement and generalization of ABCD method with Bayesian inference
Creators: name: Alvarez, Ezequiel
name: Da Rold, Leandro
name: Szewc, Manuel
name: Szynkman, Alejandro
name: Tanco, Santiago A.
name: Tarutina, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To find New Physics or to refine our knowledge of the Standard Model at the LHC is an enterprise that involves many factors. We focus on taking advantage of available information and pour our effort in re-thinking the usual data-driven ABCD method to improve it and to generalize it using Bayesian Machine Learning tools. We propose that a dataset consisting of a signal and many backgrounds is well described through a mixture model. Signal, backgrounds and their relative fractions in the sample can be well extracted by exploiting the prior knowledge and the dependence between the different observables at the event-by-event level with Bayesian tools. We show how, in contrast to the ABCD method, one can take advantage of understanding some properties of the different backgrounds and of having more than two independent observables to measure in each event. In addition, instead of regions defined through hard cuts, the Bayesian framework uses the information of continuous distribution to obtain soft-assignments of the events which are statistically more robust. To compare both methods we use a toy problem inspired by $pp\to hh\to b\bar b b \bar b$, selecting a reduced and simplified number of processes and analysing the flavor of the four jets and the invariant mass of the jet-pairs, modeled with simplified distributions. Taking advantage of all this information, and starting from a combination of biased and agnostic priors, leads us to a very good posterior once we use the Bayesian framework to exploit the data and the mutual information of the observables at the event-by-event level. We show how, in this simplified model, the Bayesian framework outperforms the ABCD method sensitivity in obtaining the signal fraction in scenarios with $1\%$ and $0.5\%$ true signal fractions in the dataset. We also show that the method is robust against the absence of signal.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures. Matches published version
Emergent classicality in continuous quantum measurements
Creators: name: Javanainen, Juha
name: Ruostekoski, Janne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a classical theoretical description for nonlinear many-body dynamics that incorporates the back-action of a continuous measurement process. The classical approach is compared with the exact quantum solution in an example with an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a double-well potential where the atom numbers in both potential wells are monitored by light scattering. In the classical description the back-action of the measurements appears as diffusion of the relative phase of the condensates on each side of the trap. When the measurements are frequent enough to resolve the system dynamics, the system behaves classically. This happens even deep in the quantum regime, and demonstrates how classical physics emerges from quantum mechanics as a result of measurement back-action.
Additional file 1 of Clinical added value of MRI to CT in patients scheduled for local therapy of colorectal liver metastases (CAMINO): study protocol for an international multicentre prospective diagnostic accuracy study
Creators: name: Görgec, B.
name: Hansen, I.
name: Kemmerich, G.
name: Syversveen, T.
name: Abu Hilal, M.
name: Belt, E. J. T.
name: Bisschops, R. H. C.
name: Bollen, T. L.
name: Bosscha, K.
name: Burgmans, M. C.
name: Cappendijk, V.
name: De Boer, M. T.
name: D’Hondt, M.
name: Edwin, B.
name: Gielkens, H.
name: Grünhagen, D. J.
name: Gillardin, P.
name: Gobardhan, P. D.
name: Hartgrink, H. H.
name: Horsthuis, K.
name: Kok, N. F. M.
name: Kint, P. A. M.
name: Kruimer, J. W. H.
name: Leclercq, W. K. G.
name: Lips, D. J.
name: Lutin, B.
name: Maas, M.
name: Marsman, H. A.
name: Morone, M.
name: Pennings, J. P.
name: Peringa, J.
name: Te Riele, W. W.
name: Vermaas, M.
name: Wicherts, D.
name: Willemssen, F. E. J. A.
name: Zonderhuis, B. M.
name: Bossuyt, P. M. M.
name: Swijnenburg, R. J.
name: Fretland, Å. A.
name: Verhoef, C.
name: Besselink, M. G.
name: Stoker, J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist
Inflation with improved D3-brane potential and the fine tunings associated with the model
Creators: name: Ali, Amna
name: Deshamukhya, Atri
name: Panda, Sudhakar
name: Sami, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate brane-antibrane inflation in a warped deformed conifold background that includes contributions to the potential arising from imaginary anti-self-dual (IASD) fluxes including the term with irrational scaling dimension discovered recently. We find that the model can give rise to required number of e-foldings; observational constraint on COBE normalization is easily satisfied and low value of the tensor to scalar ratio of perturbations is achieved. We observe that these corrections to the effective potential help in relaxing the severe fine tunings associated with the earlier analysis.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; typos corrected, minor clarifications and new refs added, to appear in epjc