cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wireless Power Transfer: Survey and Roadmap
Creators: name: Mou, Xiaolin
name: Sun, Hongjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies have been widely used in many areas, e.g., the charging of electric toothbrush, mobile phones, and electric vehicles. This paper introduces fundamental principles of three WPT technologies, i.e., inductive coupling-based WPT, magnetic resonant coupling-based WPT, and electromagnetic radiation-based WPT, together with discussions of their strengths and weaknesses. Main research themes are then presented, i.e., improving the transmission efficiency and distance, and designing multiple transmitters/receivers. The state-of-the-art techniques are reviewed and categorised. Several WPT applications are described. Open research challenges are then presented with a brief discussion of potential roadmap.
description: To appear in Proceedings of IEEE VTC 2015 Spring, First International Workshop on Integrating Communications, Control, Computing Technologies for Smart Grid (ICT4SG)
Seedling establishment and early growth in Calobota sericea subjected to moisture stress
Creators: name: Müller, Francuois
name: Masemola, Letty
name: Modiba, Stephen
name: Ngcobo, Nothando
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The South African perennial legume Calobota sericea (Thunb.) Boatwr. & B-E van Wyk has been shown to be drought tolerant as mature plants, but information on drought tolerance of seedlings is lacking. This study evaluated the impact of moisture stress on seedling emergence, survival and growth in C. sericea. In the first trial, pre-germinated seeds were planted at 100, 70, 50 and 40% of soil moisture holding capacity without additional watering. Seedling emergence and mortality was recorded daily for 14 days. In the second trial, seeds were allowed to grow under well-watered conditions for one month, after which moisture stress was imposed for 15 and 30 days. Thereafter, the seedlings were uprooted, for shoot and root measurements. Results from these trials show that C. sericea seedlings will establish even at severely reduced water-availabilities, but without subsequent watering, significant seedling mortality will occur. Calobota sericea seedlings displayed a range of morphological adaptive strategies to moisture stress including the minimisation of water loss and optimisation of water uptake. Further research into the impacts of regular cycles of moisture stress is needed to determine if changes in morphology due to prior moisture stress will result in improved adaptation to subsequent moisture stress.
On the role and origin of nonthermal electrons in hot accretion flows
Creators: name: Niedzwiecki, Andrzej
name: Stepnik, Agnieszka
name: Xie, Fu-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the X-ray spectra of tenuous, two-temperature accretion flows using a model involving an exact, Monte Carlo computation of the global Comptonization effect as well as general relativistic description of both the flow structure and radiative processes. In our previous work we found that in flows surrounding supermassive black holes, thermal synchrotron radiation is not capable of providing a sufficient seed photons flux to explain the X-ray spectral indices as well as the cut-off energies measured in several best-studied AGNs. In this work we complete the model by including seed photons provided by nonthermal synchrotron radiation and we find that it allows to reconcile the hot flow model with the AGN data. We take into account two possible sources of nonthermal electrons. First, we consider e+- produced by charged-pions decay, which should be always present in the innermost part of a two-temperature flow due to proton-proton interactions. We find that for a weak heating of thermal electrons (small delta) the synchrotron emission of pion-decay e+- is much stronger than the thermal synchrotron emission in the considered range of bolometric luminosities, L Ledd. The small-delta model including hadronic effects in general agrees with the AGN data, except for the case of a slowly rotating black hole and a thermal distribution of protons. For large-delta, the pion-decay e+- have a negligible effect and then in this model we consider nonthermal electrons produced by direct acceleration. We find an approximate agreement with the AGN data for the fraction of the heating power of electrons which is used for the nonthermal acceleration eta~0.1.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Evaluation of a DBT group within adolescent residential care
Creators: name: McIntyre, Katie
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: Dialectical behavioural therapy (DBT) is an evidence-based cognitive behavioural intervention which has been shown to aid difficulties such as interpersonal relationships, emotion regulation and distress tolerance in women with personality disorder or displaying self-harm and suicidal behaviours. There is growing evidence that DBT can be utilised with adolescent populations also exhibiting such behaviours. The following evaluation looks at a DBT skills group implemented with young females in a Scottish residential service. Semi-structured interviews with young people and focus groups with staff were completed and transcribed. Thematic analysis was used to draw out key themes and these are discussed in relation to implementation for future practice.
Memorization and Generalization in Neural Code Intelligence Models
Creators: name: Rabin, Md Rafiqul Islam
name: Hussain, Aftab
name: Alipour, Mohammad Amin
name: Hellendoorn, Vincent J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are increasingly being used in software engineering and code intelligence tasks. These are powerful tools that are capable of learning highly generalizable patterns from large datasets through millions of parameters. At the same time, their large capacity can render them prone to memorizing data points. Recent work suggests that the memorization risk manifests especially strongly when the training dataset is noisy, involving many ambiguous or questionable samples, and memorization is the only recourse. The goal of this paper is to evaluate and compare the extent of memorization and generalization in neural code intelligence models. It aims to provide insights on how memorization may impact the learning behavior of neural models in code intelligence systems. To observe the extent of memorization in models, we add random noise to the original training dataset and use various metrics to quantify the impact of noise on various aspects of training and testing. We evaluate several state-of-the-art neural code intelligence models and benchmarks based on Java, Python, and Ruby codebases. Our results highlight important risks: millions of trainable parameters allow the neural networks to memorize anything, including noisy data, and provide a false sense of generalization. We observed all models manifest some forms of memorization. This can be potentially troublesome in most code intelligence tasks where they rely on rather noise-prone and repetitive data sources, such as code from GitHub. To the best of our knowledge, we provide the first study to quantify memorization effects in the domain of software engineering and code intelligence systems. This work raises awareness and provides new insights into important issues of training neural models in code intelligence systems that are usually overlooked by software engineering researchers.
description: Information and Software Technology, IST Journal 2022, Elsevier
The iron limitation mosaic in the California Current System: Factors governing Fe availability in the shelf/near-shelf region
Creators: name: Till, C.P.
name: Bruland, K.W.
name: Marchetti, A.
name: Cohen, N.R.
name: Lampe, R.H.
name: Solomon, J.R.
name: Coale, T.H.
Publisher: name: Wiley Blackwell
Year: 2019

description: The California Current System is a productive eastern boundary region off the coasts of Washington, Oregon, and California. There is strong seasonality to the region, with high levels of rainfall and river input to the coastal ocean during the winter season, and coastal and Ekman upwelling during the spring and summer. Iron (Fe) input to the coastal ocean during the winter months can be stored in the continental shelf mud belts and then be delivered to the surface ocean by upwelling in the spring and summer. There have been a number of studies providing strong evidence of Fe-limitation of diatom growth occurring in regions of the California Current System off of California, and the occurrence of Fe-limitation has been linked with narrow continental shelf mud belt width and low river input. We provide evidence for potential Fe-limitation of diatoms off the southern coast of Oregon in July 2014, just off the shelf break near Cape Blanco in a region with moderate shelf width and river input. Since eastern boundary regions account for a disproportionally large amount of global primary production, this observation of potential Fe-limitation in an unexpected near-shore region of the California Current System has implications for global models of primary productivity. In order to re-evaluate the factors impacting Fe availability, we utilize satellite imagery to compare with historical datasets, and show that unexpected levels of Fe can often be explained by eddies, plumes of upwelled water moving offshore, or lack of recent upwelling.
title: From 'another kind of home' to 'a different kind of family'. Re-understanding how residential child care can work
Creators: name: Smart, Max
name: Thorpe, Andy
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: A different kind of family may seem a strange thing to attribute to residential childcare, and yet, longevity of care and caring has been achieved in a local authority residential service in Scotland. Lothian Villa in East Lothian has historically provided nurturing supportive care that has been lauded by regulators, academics and politicians alike. In this article, two Lothian Villa managers (Max Smart and Andy Thorpe) describe the journey of supportive care and healing that goes beyond another kind of home and leads to a different kind of residence; a different kind of caring to create a different kind of family.
Fundamental parameters of the close interacting binary HD170582 and its luminous accretion disc
Creators: name: Mennickent, R. E.
name: Djurašević, G.
name: Cabezas, M.
name: Cséki, A.
name: G., J. Rosales
name: Niemczura, E.
name: Araya, I.
name: Curé, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic and photometric study of the Double Period Variable HD170582. Based on the study of the ASAS V-band light curve we determine an improved orbital period of 16.87177 $\pm$ 0.02084 days and a long period of 587 days. We disentangled the light curve into an orbital part, determining ephemerides and revealing orbital ellipsoidal variability with unequal maxima, and a long cycle, showing quasi-sinusoidal changes with amplitude $ΔV$= 0.1 mag. Assuming synchronous rotation for the cool stellar component and semi-detached configuration we find a cool evolved star of $M_{2}$ = 1.9 $\pm$ 0.1 $M_{\odot}$, $T_{2}$ = 8000 $\pm$ 100 $K$ and $R_{2}$ = 15.6 $\pm$ 0.2 $R_{\odot}$, and an early B-type dwarf of $M_{1}$ = 9.0 $\pm$ 0.2 $M_{\odot}$. The B-type star is surrounded by a geometrically and optically thick accretion disc of radial extension 20.8 $\pm$ 0.3 $R_{\odot}$ contributing about 35% to the system luminosity at the $V$ band. Two extended regions located at opposite sides of the disc rim, and hotter than the disc by 67% and 46%, fit the light curve asymmetries. The system is seen under inclination 67.4 $\pm$ 0.4 degree and it is found at a distance of 238 $\pm$ 10 pc. Specially interesting is the double line nature of HeI 5875; two absorption components move in anti-phase during the orbital cycle; they can be associated with the shock regions revealed by the photometry. The radial velocity of one of the HeI 5875 components closely follows the donor radial velocity, suggesting that the line is formed in a wind emerging near the stream-disc interacting region.
description: 16 pages, 11 tables and 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Strategies among phytoplankton in response to alleviation of nutrient stress in a subtropical gyre
Creators: name: Cassar, N.
name: Lampe, R.H.
name: Marchetti, A
name: Wang, S.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2019

description: Despite generally low primary productivity and diatom abundances in oligotrophic subtropical gyres, the North Atlantic Subtropical Gyre (NASG) exhibits significant diatom-driven carbon export on an annual basis. Subsurface pulses of nutrients likely fuel brief episodes of diatom growth, but the exact mechanisms utilized by diatoms in response to these nutrient injections remain understudied within near-natural settings. Here we simulated delivery of subsurface nutrients and compare the response among eukaryotic phytoplankton using a combination of physiological techniques and metatranscriptomics. We show that eukaryotic phytoplankton groups exhibit differing levels of transcriptional responsiveness and expression of orthologous genes in response to release from nutrient limitation. In particular, strategies for use of newly delivered nutrients are distinct among phytoplankton groups. Diatoms channel new nitrate to growth-related strategies while physiological measurements and gene expression patterns of other groups suggest alternative strategies. The gene expression patterns displayed here provide insights into the cellular mechanisms that underlie diatom subsistence during chronic nitrogen-depleted conditions and growth upon nutrient delivery that can enhance carbon export from the surface ocean.
Big biases amongst products of two primes
Creators: name: Dummit, David
name: Granville, Andrew
name: Kisilevsky, Hershy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that substantially more than a quarter of the odd integers of the form $pq$ up to $x$, with $p,q$ both prime, satisfy $p\equiv q\equiv 3 \pmod 4$.
Additional file 2 of Sampling inequalities affect generalization of neuroimaging-based diagnostic classifiers in psychiatry
Creators: name: Chen, Zhiyi
name: Hu, Bowen
name: Liu, Xuerong
name: Becker, Benjamin
name: Eickhoff, Simon B.
name: Miao, Kuan
name: Gu, Xingmei
name: Tang, Yancheng
name: Dai, Xin
name: Li, Chao
name: Leonov, Artemiy
name: Xiao, Zhibing
name: Feng, Zhengzhi
name: Chen, Ji
name: Chuan-Peng, Hu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Evidence table. This table is to summary the metadata and metainformation of all the included studies.
Efficient Computation of $N$-point Correlation Functions in $D$ Dimensions
Creators: name: Philcox, Oliver H. E.
name: Slepian, Zachary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present efficient algorithms for computing the $N$-point correlation functions (NPCFs) of random fields in arbitrary $D$-dimensional homogeneous and isotropic spaces. Such statistics appear throughout the physical sciences, and provide a natural tool to describe stochastic processes. algorithms for computing the NPCF components have $\mathcal{O}(n^N)$ complexity (for a data set containing $n$ particles); their application is thus computationally infeasible unless $N$ is small. By projecting the statistic onto a suitably-defined angular basis, we show that the estimators can be written in a separable form, with complexity $\mathcal{O}(n^2)$, or $\mathcal{O}(n_{\rm g}\log n_{\rm g})$ if evaluated using a Fast Fourier Transform on a grid of size $n_{\rm g}$. Our decomposition is built upon the $D$-dimensional hyperspherical harmonics; these form a complete basis on the $(D-1)$-sphere and are intrinsically related to angular momentum operators. Concatenation of $(N-1)$ such harmonics gives states of definite combined angular momentum, forming a natural separable basis for the NPCF. As $N$ and $D$ grow, the number of basis components quickly becomes large, providing a practical limitation to this (and all other) approaches: however, the dimensionality is greatly reduced in the presence of symmetries; for example, isotropic correlation functions require only states of zero combined angular momentum. We provide a \textsc{Julia} package implementing our estimators, and show how they can be applied to a variety of scenarios within cosmology and fluid dynamics. The efficiency of such estimators will allow higher-order correlators to become a standard tool in the analysis of random fields.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted by PNAS. Code available at https://github.com/oliverphilcox/NPCFs.jl
The Effect of Socio-Political and Economic Factors in the Creation of Caribbean Creoles
Creators: name: Ferri, Emily
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 200399 Language Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Language change is a crucial and often unavoidable aspect of spoken language. The process of language creolization1 that occurred in the European colonies of the Caribbean is a prime example. Throughout history, language contact and evolution have in some way affected most spoken languages; the linguistic changes they underwent through contact with several different groups resulted in the creation of several new languages. In the Americas, though, vastly different ethnic groups were brought together from across to world and the New World, resulting in languages influenced by European, African, and Amerindian2 languages, among others. Contact between several different peoples and languages came about as a result of the socio-political and economic actions of a number of European colonizing groups. These socio-political and economic factors had a direct influence on how these creolized languages were formed, and continue to do so today, particularly on how they are used and preserved
General Measure Extensions of Projection Bodies
Creators: name: Langharst, Dylan
name: Roysdon, Michael
name: Zvavitch, Artem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 52A39, 52A40, Secondary: 28A75

description: The inequalities of Petty and Zhang are affine isoperimetric-type inequalities providing sharp bounds for $\text{vol}^{n-1}_{n}(K)\text{vol}_n(Π^\circ K),$ where $ΠK$ is a projection body of a convex body $K$. In this paper, we present a number of generalizations of Zhang's inequality to the setting of arbitrary measures. In addition, we introduce extensions of the projection body operator $Π$ to the setting of arbitrary measures and functions, while providing associated inequalities for this operator; in particular, Zhang-type inequalities. Throughout, we apply shown results to the standard Gaussian measure.
description: 48 pages. In the Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society
A Global Perspective on Iron and Plankton Through the Tara Oceans Lens
Creators: name: Marchetti, A.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2019

description: The Tara Oceans program has delivered major advances in our knowledge of ocean plankton diversity and complexity, shedding light on key interactions that explain their success on a planetary scale. In this issue, Caputi et al. (2019, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GB006022) further contribute to this knowledge through combining comprehensive bio-oceanographic genomic and transcriptomic Tara Oceans data sets with iron distributions derived from two global-scale biogeochemical models. Their findings reveal the prevalence of iron as a limiting nutrient in pelagic ecosystems at both local and global scales, exerting a considerable force that drives plankton evolution and shapes community structure. Integration of omics data (i.e., genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) with oceanographic properties and biogeochemical models will transform our view of the ocean ecosystem and its role on a changing planet.
Chaos on the interval - a survey of relationship between the various kinds of chaos for continuous interval maps
Creators: name: Ruette, Sylvie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E05

description: Dynamical systems on the interval were widely studied because they are among the simplest systems and nevertheless they turn out to have complex dynamics. Many works on chaos were inspired by the behaviour of interval maps. However these systems have many properties that are not found on other spaces. As a consequence, one-dimensional dynamics is very rich and worth a separate study. The aim of this book is to survey the relations between the various sorts of chaos and related notions for continuous interval maps. The papers on this topic are numerous but very scattered in the literature, sometimes little known or difficult to find; some were originally published only in Russian or without proof.
description: Book (225 pages). Errata and changes between the published book and the arxiv version: see www.math.u-psud.fr/~ruette/abstracts/abstract-chaos-int.html
title: Learning from positive historical child care practice
Creators: name: Hawthorn, Moira
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: Much current media reporting of historical residential childcare provision focuses on abusive practices and child care systems which failed to protect children and young people. There are, however, other narrative lines woven through 'abuse enquiries' and the accounts of individuals, which receive less attention. These are instances and accounts of exemplary practice, of residential care practitioners committed to ensuring that children and young people were nurtured, loved, and well prepared for adulthood. In this article, I will explore some of these kinds of memories, of adults who spent a significant part of their childhood in residential care, which were shared with me, as part of my Doctoral studies on historical institutional child abuse. I will consider the barriers to delivering such child-centred practice in current residential care provision and conclude by asking that we hold in mind in our daily practice making tomorrow's memories for the children in our care today.
Mission-level Robustness with Rapidly-deployed, Autonomous Aerial Vehicles by Carnegie Mellon Team Tartan at MBZIRC 2020
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Anish
name: Gandhi, Akshit
name: Merkle, Lukas
name: Tiwari, Rohan
name: Warrior, Karun
name: Winata, Stanley
name: Saba, Andrew
name: Zhang, Kevin
name: Kroemer, Oliver
name: Scherer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For robotic systems to succeed in high risk, real-world situations, they have to be quickly deployable and robust to environmental changes, under-performing hardware, and mission subtask failures. These robots are often designed to consider a single sequence of mission events, with complex algorithms lowering individual subtask failure rates under some critical constraints. Our approach utilizes common techniques in vision and control, and encodes robustness into mission structure through outcome monitoring and recovery strategies. In addition, our system infrastructure enables rapid deployment and requires no central communication. This report also includes lessons in rapid field robotic development and testing. We developed and evaluated our systems through real-robot experiments at an outdoor test site in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA, as well as in the 2020 Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge. All competition trials were completed in fully autonomous mode without RTK-GPS. Our system placed fourth in Challenge 2 and seventh in the Grand Challenge, with notable achievements such as popping five balloons (Challenge 1), successfully picking and placing a block (Challenge 2), and dispensing the most water onto an outdoor, real fire with an autonomous UAV (Challenge 3).
description: 29 pages, 26 figures. Published in Field Robotics, Special Issue on MBZIRC 2020
A Reader in Themed and Immersive Spaces
Creators: name: Lukas, Scott A.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 120304 Digital and Interaction Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Since the late 2000s, the themed space has been the subject of widespread analysis and criticism in academic communities as well as a popular source of entertainment for people around the world. Themed spaces have, at their foundation, an overarching narrative, symbolic complex, or story that drives the overall context of their spaces. Theming, in some very unique ways, has expanded beyond previous stereotypes and oversimplifications of culture and place to now consider new and often controversial topics, themes, and storylines. At the same time, immersion—or the idea that a space and its multiple architectural, material, performative, and technological approaches may wrap up or envelop a guest within that space—has expanded to become an overarching concern of many consumer spaces around the world. Casinos, theme parks, lifestyle stores, and museums and interpretive centers alike have looked to immersion as a means of both selling products and educating the masses.
Enzymes Used for Producing Homocysteine Assay Kit: Unlocking the Secrets of Homocysteine Detection
Creators: name: Clara, Lisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Homocysteine, an important biomarker in the field of clinical diagnostics, plays a significant role in assessing cardiovascular disease risk, vitamin deficiencies, and genetic disorders. Accurate and sensitive detection of homocysteine levels is crucial for early intervention and personalized patient care. In this article, we delve into the fascinating world of enzymes for producing the Homocysteine Assay Kit, shedding light on the mechanisms behind this powerful diagnostic tool.
Extremal Steering Assemblages
Creators: name: Cope, Thomas
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-local correlations between a fully characterised quantum system and an untrusted black box device are described by an assemblage of conditional quantum states. These assemblages form a convex set, whose extremal points are relevant in many operational contexts. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for an assemblage to be extremal using linear independence conditions, and an algorithm to decompose a generic assemblage into extremal points. A Matlab implementation of this algorithm is provided in the supplementary material.
Diffusive Dynamics of Water inside Hydrophobic Carbon Micropores Studied by Neutron Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Creators: name: Diallo, S. O.
name: Vlcek, L.
name: Mamontov, E.
name: Keum, J. K.
name: Chen, Jihua
name: Hayes, J. S.
name: Chialvo, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When water molecules are confined to nanoscale spacings, such as in the nanometer size pores of activated carbon fiber (ACF), their freezing point gets suppressed down to very low temperatures ($\sim$ 150 K), leading to a metastable liquid state with remarkable physical properties. We have investigated the ambient pressure diffusive dynamics of water in microporous Kynol\texttrademark ACF-10 (average pore size $\sim$11.6 Å, with primarily slit-like pores) from temperature $T=$ 280 K in its stable liquid state down to $T=$ 230 K into the metastable supercooled phase. The observed characteristic relaxation times and diffusion coefficients are found to be respectively higher and lower than those in bulk water, indicating a slowing down of the water mobility with decreasing temperature. The observed temperature-dependent average relaxation time $$ when compared to previous findings indicate that it is the size of the confining pores - not their shape - that primarily affects the dynamics of water for pore sizes larger than 10 Å. The experimental observations are compared to complementary molecular dynamics simulations of a model system, in which we studied the diffusion of water within the 11.6 Å gap of two parallel graphene sheets. We find generally a reasonable agreement between the observed and calculated relaxation times at the low momentum transfer $Q$ ($Q\le 0.9$ Å${^{-1}}$). At high $Q$ however, where localized dynamics becomes relevant, this ideal system does not satisfactorily reproduce the measurements. The best agreement is obtained for the diffusion parameter $D$ associated with the hydrogen-site when a representative stretched exponential function, rather than the standard bi-modal exponential model, is used to parameterize the self-correlation function $I(Q,t)$.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Enhanced formation of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) under turbulence during phytoplankton growth
Creators: name: Ziervogel, K.
name: Burns, W.G.
name: Marchetti, A.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: Small-scale turbulence in the surface ocean is ubiquitous, influencing phytoplankton dynamics with consequences for energy flow. The underlying mechanisms that drive changes in phytoplankton dynamics under turbulence are not well constrained. We investigated growth of four phytoplankton species at different turbulence levels in oscillating grid tanks. We also measured transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) from phytoplankton exudates, which play a major role in biogeochemical fluxes in the ocean. Turbulence levels in the tanks reflected in situ conditions in surface waters from the open ocean to higher turbulent environments such as estuaries. Growth rates were unaffected by turbulence while TEP concentrations as xanthan gum (XG) equivalents normalized to algal cells showed generally higher levels in the high turbulence compared to the low turbulence treatments particularly during initial algal growth. Results from a mixing experiment without algal cells and XG also revealed enhanced formation of TEP-like particles under high mixing conditions, indicating that TEP formation in the phytoplankton turbulence treatments was mainly driven by physical processes, such as enhanced encounter rates of TEP-precursors under high mixing. Our results underline the importance of small-scale turbulence on TEP formation with possible consequences for particle aggregation and vertical carbon fluxes in the ocean.
Symbiodinium functional diversity in the Coral Siderastrea siderea Is influenced by thermal stress and reef environment, but not ocean acidification
Creators: name: Ries, J.B.
name: Davies, S.W.
name: Marchetti, A.
name: Castillo, K.D.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S. A
Year: 2018

description: Coral bleaching events are increasing in frequency, demanding examination of the physiological and molecular responses of scleractinian corals and their algal symbionts (Symbiodinium sp.) to stressors associated with bleaching. Here, we quantify the effects of long-term (95-day) thermal and CO2-acidification stress on photochemical efficiency of in hospite Symbiodinium within the coral Siderastrea siderea, along with corresponding coral color intensity, for corals from two reef zones (forereef, nearshore) on the Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System. We then explore the molecular responses of in hospite Symbiodinium to these stressors via genome-wide gene expression profiling. Elevated temperatures reduced symbiont photochemical efficiencies and were highly correlated with coral color loss. However, photochemical efficiencies of forereef symbionts were more negatively affected by thermal stress than nearshore symbionts, suggesting greater thermal tolerance and/or reduced photodamage in nearshore corals. At control temperatures, CO2-acidification had little effect on symbiont physiology, although forereef symbionts exhibited constitutively higher photochemical efficiencies than nearshore symbionts. Gene expression profiling revealed that S. siderea were dominated by Symbiodinium goreaui (C1), except under thermal stress, which caused shifts to thermotolerant Symbiodinium trenchii (D1a). Comparative transcriptomics of conserved genes across the host and symbiont revealed few differentially expressed S. goreaui genes when compared to S. siderea, highlighting the host's role in the coral's response to environmental stress. Although S. goreaui transcriptomes did not vary in response to acidification stress, their gene expression was strongly dependent on reef zone, with forereef S. goreaui exhibiting enrichment of genes associated with photosynthesis. This finding, coupled with constitutively higher forereef S. goreaui photochemical efficiencies, suggests that functional differences in genes associated with primary production exist between reef zones.
SyncUp: Vision-based Practice Support for Synchronized Dancing
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhongyi
name: Xu, Anran
name: Yatani, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The beauty of synchronized dancing lies in the synchronization of body movements among multiple dancers. While dancers utilize camera recordings for their practice, standard video interfaces do not efficiently support their activities of identifying segments where they are not well synchronized. This thus fails to close a tight loop of an iterative practice process (i.e., capturing a practice, reviewing the video, and practicing again). We present SyncUp, a system that provides multiple interactive visualizations to support the practice of synchronized dancing and liberate users from manual inspection of recorded practice videos. By analyzing videos uploaded by users, SyncUp quantifies two aspects of synchronization in dancing: pose similarity among multiple dancers and temporal alignment of their movements. The system then highlights which body parts and which portions of the dance routine require further practice to achieve better synchronization. The results of our system evaluations show that our pose similarity estimation and temporal alignment predictions were correlated well with human ratings. Participants in our qualitative user evaluation expressed the benefits and its potential use of SyncUp, confirming that it would enable quick iterative practice.
description: In IMWUT '21 (Distinguished Paper Award); UbiComp '21 Best Presentation Award
title: A developing journey in residential child care
Creators: name: Henderson, Danny
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: This paper explores the development of practice in residential child care, initially within the context of generally negative perceptions of this and the wider care system. Discussion of therapeutic perspectives is set within the context of the development of Care Visions residential services and considers the significance of the Sanctuary Model of trauma informed care and social pedagogical principles. It is suggested that approaches primarily defined by procedures can stifle the intuition of professional carers to respond meaningfully to the needs of young people. Compassionate relationships accompanied by an ethical disposition offer an effective alternative. The article concludes with a discussion about what has been learned through supporting continued relationships between professionals and young people after they have moved on from care, and a commitment to applying this in residential child care settings. This promises to support an approach that foregrounds trusting reciprocal relationships as a medium for healing and growth that facilitates nuance and differentiation while ensuring safety.
Kex2 Protease from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Recombinant: A Revolutionary Enzyme in the Biotechnology Industry
Creators: name: Clara, Lisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In the world of enzymes, one remarkable protein stands out for its exceptional properties and diverse applications – Kex2 Protease from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Recombinant. This cutting-edge enzyme has garnered significant attention in the biotechnology industry due to its versatile nature and remarkable catalytic abilities. In this article, we will delve into the world of Kex2 Protease, exploring its origins, structure, and remarkable potential across various fields.
Additional file 3 of Sampling inequalities affect generalization of neuroimaging-based diagnostic classifiers in psychiatry
Creators: name: Chen, Zhiyi
name: Hu, Bowen
name: Liu, Xuerong
name: Becker, Benjamin
name: Eickhoff, Simon B.
name: Miao, Kuan
name: Gu, Xingmei
name: Tang, Yancheng
name: Dai, Xin
name: Li, Chao
name: Leonov, Artemiy
name: Xiao, Zhibing
name: Feng, Zhengzhi
name: Chen, Ji
name: Chuan-Peng, Hu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Additional file 3: Table S1-S2. TabS1. RNIMP 2022 Checklist. Reporting guideline and checklist for neuroimaging-based machine learning studies for psychiatry. TabS2. RNIMP 2022 workflow diagram. A workflow to guide for reporting neuroimaging-based machine learning models for psychiatry.
Dynamics of Polar Skyrmion Bubbles under Electric Fields
Creators: name: Zhu, Ruixue
name: Jiang, Zhexin
name: Zhang, Xinxin
name: Zhong, Xiangli
name: Tan, Congbing
name: Liu, Mingwei
name: Sun, Yuanwei
name: Li, Xiaomei
name: Qi, Ruishi
name: Qu, Ke
name: Liu, Zhetong
name: Wu, Mei
name: Li, Mingqiang
name: Huang, Boyuan
name: Xu, Zhi
name: Wang, Jinbin
name: Liu, Kaihui
name: Gao, Peng
name: Wang, Jie
name: Li, Jiangyu
name: Bai, Xuedong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Room-temperature polar skyrmion bubbles that are recently found in oxide superlattice, have received enormous interests for their potential applications in nanoelectronics due to the nanometer size, emergent chirality, and negative capacitance. For practical applications, the ability to controllably manipulate them by using external stimuli is prerequisite. Here, we study the dynamics of individual polar skyrmion bubbles at the nanoscale by using in situ biasing in a scanning transmission electron microscope. The reversible electric field-driven phase transition between topological and trivial polar states are demonstrated. We create, erase and monitor the shrinkage and expansion of individual polar skyrmions. We find that their transition behaviors are substantially different from that of magnetic analogue. The underlying mechanism is discussed by combing with the phase-field simulations. The controllable manipulation of nanoscale polar skyrmions allows us to tune the dielectric permittivity at atomic scale and detailed knowledge of their phase transition behaviors provides fundamentals for their applications in nanoelectronics.
Understanding the Benefits of Probiotic Formula for Gut Health
Creators: name: Clara, Lisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The gut microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms residing in our gastrointestinal tract, plays a crucial role in maintaining our overall health. Probiotics, live microorganisms with potential health benefits, have garnered significant attention for their ability to promote gut health. In this article, we will delve into the science behind probiotic formulas, exploring their mechanisms of action and scientific evidence supporting their use in maintaining a healthy gut.
MPEC 2023-U43 : 2023 TD22
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TD22

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Влияние сезона года на качественные показатели молока в хозяйствах Вологодского района Вологодской области
Creators: name: Иванова Д.А.
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2022
Subjects: коровы
массовая доля жира
массовая доля белка
соматические клетки
сезон года
cows
mass fraction of fat
mass fraction of protein
somatic cells
season of the year

description: В статье представлены результаты исследований качественных показателей молока: массовая доля жира, массовая доля белка, количество соматические клетки в хозяйствах Вологодского района Вологодской области за 2020 и 2021 года. По результатам исследования у всех анализируемых хозяйств выявлены высокие качественные показатели молока, которые удовлетворяют требованиям ГОСТ так в 2020 году, так и 2021 году. В целом показатели молока в анализируемых хозяйствах Вологодского района Вологодской области улучшились в 2021 году по сравнению с предыдущим годом. Массовая доля жира и массовая доля белка выше в осенний период, а в летне-весенний сезон происходит снижение показателей.
description: The article presents the results of studies of milk quality indicators: mass fraction of fat, mass fraction of protein, the number of somatic cells in the farms of the Vologda district of the Vologda region for 2020 and 2021. According to the results of the study, all analyzed farms of the Vologda district of the Vologda region revealed high quality indicators of milk that meet the requirements of GOST both in 2020 and 2021. In general, milk indicators in the analyzed farms of the Vologda district of the Vologda region improved in 2021 compared to the previous year. The mass fraction of fat and the mass fraction of protein are higher in the autumn period, and in the summer-spring season there is a decrease in indicators
Variation of magnetic properties of Sr$_2$FeMoO$_6$ due to oxygen vacancies
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Martin
name: Antonov, Victor N.
name: Bekenov, Lev V.
name: Kokko, Kalevi
name: Hergert, Wolfram
name: Ernst, Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxygen vacancies can be of utmost importance for improving or deteriorating physical properties of oxide materials. Here, we studied from first-principles the electronic and magnetic properties of oxygen vacancies in the double perovskite Sr$_2$FeMoO$_6$ (SFMO). We show that oxygen vacancies can increase the Curie temperature in SFMO, although the total magnetic moment is reduced at the same time. We found also that the experimentally observed valence change of the Fe ions from $3+$ to $2+$ in the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements is better explained by oxygen vacancies than by the assumed mixed valence state. The agreement of the calculated x-ray absorption spectra and XMCD results with experimental data is considerably improved by inclusion of oxygen vacancies.
description: submitted to PRB but rejected, major revision, submitting to JPCM
Iron storage capacities and associated ferritin gene expression among marine diatoms
Creators: name: Mann, E.
name: Rauschenberg, S.
name: Moreno, C.M.
name: Stemple, B.
name: Marchetti, A.
name: Cohen, N.R.
name: Jacquot, J.E.
name: Twining, B.S.
name: Sunda, W.G.
Publisher: name: Wiley Blackwell
Year: 2018

description: In large regions of the ocean, low iron availability regulates diatom growth and species composition. Diatom species often vary in their physiological response to iron enrichment, with natural and artificial iron additions in iron-limited regions of the ocean resulting in large blooms of primarily pennate diatoms. The ability of pennate diatoms to proliferate following pulse iron additions has been partly attributed to their ability to acquire and store excess intracellular iron in the iron storage protein ferritin. Recent transcriptome sequencing of diatoms indicate that some centric diatoms also possess ferritin. Using a combination of physiological and molecular techniques, we examined the iron storage capacities and associated ferritin gene expression in phylogenetically diverse centric and pennate diatoms grown under high and low iron concentrations. There were no systematic differences among ferritin-containing and non-containing diatom lineages in their ability to store iron in excess of that needed to support maximum growth rates. An exception, however, was the ferritin-containing pennate diatom Pseudo-nitzschia granii, native to iron-limited waters of the Northeast Pacific Ocean. This species exhibited an exceptionally large luxury iron storage capacity and increased ferritin gene expression at high iron concentrations, supporting a role in long-term iron storage. By contrast, two other diatoms species that exhibited minimal iron storage capacities contained two distinct ferritin genes where one ferritin gene increased in expression under iron limitation while the second showed no variation with cellular iron status. We conclude that ferritin may serve multiple functional roles that are independent of diatom phylogeny.
title: Legislating for love
Creators: name: Marshall, Kathleen A
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: Everyone needs to feel loved. The author examines what 'love' means in the context of residential childcare. She discusses issues of: personal and professional boundaries; power and abuse; people and systems; rights and expectations. She sets out a vision of what residential childcare might look like in the future and concludes that legislating for love is both possible and desirable in setting aspirations.