cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Storage stability of liposomes stored at elevated subzero temperatures in DMSO/ sucrose mixtures
Creators: name: Sydykov, Bulat
name: Oldenhof, Harriette
name: Sieme, Harald
name: Wolkers, Willem F.
Publisher: name: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: carboxyfluorescein
subject: dimethyl sulfoxide
subject: ficoll
subject: fluorescent dye
subject: hetastarch
subject: liposome
subject: liquid nitrogen
subject: phosphate buffered saline
subject: povidone
subject: sucrose
subject: Article
subject: calibration
subject: cryopreservation
subject: differential scanning calorimetry
subject: enthalpy
subject: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
subject: freezing
subject: glass transition temperature
subject: hydrogen bond
subject: impedance spectroscopy
subject: nuclear magnetic resonance
subject: osmotic stress
subject: pluripotent stem cell
subject: preservation and storage
subject: relaxation time
subject: storage temperature
subject: thermostability
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Cryopreservation of biological materials is predominantly done using liquid nitrogen, and its application involves high maintenance costs and the need for periodical refilling of liquid nitrogen. Stable storage in mechanical freezers at −80C would eliminate these issues and allow for shipment of frozen specimens using dry ice. In this work, the possibility of increasing the storage temperature of cryopreserved samples to −80C by using combinations of DMSO and sucrose has been studied. Preservation efficacy was studied by measuring stability of liposomes encapsulated with carboxyfluorescein during storage at −150, −80 and −25C for up to three months. Thermal and molecular mobility properties of the different DMSO-sucrose formulations were measured using differential scanning calorimetry, whereas hydrogen bonding interactions of the formulations were probed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was found that addition of sucrose to DMSO solutions increases the Tg, and decreases molecular mobility in the glassy state at a particular temperature. Although it was expected that storage above or close to Tg at −80C would affect liposome stability, stability was found to be similar compared to that of samples stored at −150C. Higher molecular mobility in the glassy state could not be associated with faster CF-leakage rates. Distinct differences in storage stability at −25C, far above Tg, were found among the sucrose/DMSO formulations, which were explained by the differences in permeability of sucrose and DMSO resulting in different levels of osmotic stress in the formulations.
Enhancing Business Process Simulation Models with Extraneous Activity Delays
Creators: name: Chapela-Campa, David
name: Dumas, Marlon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Business Process Simulation (BPS) is a common approach to estimate the impact of changes to a business process on its performance measures. For example, it allows us to estimate what would be the cycle time of a process if we automated one of its activities, or if some resources become unavailable. The starting point of BPS is a business process model annotated with simulation parameters (a BPS model). In traditional approaches, BPS models are manually designed by modeling specialists. This approach is time-consuming and error-prone. To address this shortcoming, several studies have proposed methods to automatically discover BPS models from event logs via process mining techniques. However, current techniques in this space discover BPS models that only capture waiting times caused by resource contention or resource unavailability. Oftentimes, a considerable portion of the waiting time in a business process corresponds to extraneous delays, e.g., a resource waits for the customer to return a phone call. This article proposes a method that discovers extraneous delays from event logs of business process executions. The proposed approach computes, for each pair of causally consecutive activity instances in the event log, the time when the target activity instance should theoretically have started, given the availability of the relevant resource. Based on the difference between the theoretical and the actual start times, the approach estimates the distribution of extraneous delays, and it enhances the BPS model with timer events to capture these delays. An empirical evaluation involving synthetic and real-life logs shows that the approach produces BPS models that better reflect the temporal dynamics of the process, relative to BPS models that do not capture extraneous delays.
description: Extended version of the ICPM 2022 publication (see v1)
The Preference and Actual Use of Different Types of Rural Recreation Areas by Urban Dwellers – The Hamburg Case Study
Creators: name: Boll, Thiemen
name: Haaren, Christina Von
name: Ruschkowski, Eick Von
Publisher: name: San Francisco : Public Library of Science
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: ecosystem services
subject: landscape
subject: perceptions
subject: parks
subject: recreation
subject: age groups
subject: urban ecology
subject: rural areas
subject: culture
subject: attitudes
subject: urban areas
subject: survey
subject: Hamburg
subject: Stadtbevölkerung
subject: Erholung
subject: Landschaftserlebnis
subject: Stadtökologie
subject: Naturerlebnis
subject: Erholungsgebiet
subject: ländlicher Raum
subject: ländliches Gebiet
subject: Stadtgebiet
subject: Natur
subject: Naherholung
subject: Befragung
subject: Vorliebe
subject: Studie
subject: Stadtbevölkerung
subject: Erholung
subject: Vorliebe
subject: Erholungsgebiet
subject: Naherholungsgebiet
subject: Stadtökologie
subject: Naturerlebnis
subject: Ländlicher Raum
subject: Stadt
subject: Befragung
subject: Interview
subject: Studie
subject: Hamburg
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::710 | Landschaftsgestaltung, Raumplanung

description: In the wake of urbanisation processes and the constitution of metropolitan regions, the role of the city's rural surroundings is receiving more attention from researchers and planners as rural areas offer various (cultural) ecosystem services for the urban population. Urban dwellers increasingly desire recreation and landscape experience. Although this need for recreation is generally recognized, few studies have focused on the question of people's preferences for certain types and characteristics of outdoor recreation areas in relation to the frequency of use. In order to acquire baseline data on this subject, the main objectives of this study were to explore recreation preferences of urban dwellers and the relation between actual use and perceived value of recreation areas in a case study in the Hamburg Metropolitan Region (Germany). In a social survey, Hamburg residents (n = 400) were asked about their preferences and use of four important regional recreation areas with different landscape characteristics in face-to-face interviews in different locations in the city. We found that both outdoor recreation within and outside of the city were fairly or very important for more than 70% of the questioned urban dwellers. Interestingly, the preference for a recreation area outside of the city did not depend on the frequency of use, which indicates that certain recreation areas had a symbolic value besides their use value. When people were questioned on the characteristics of recreation areas, perceived naturalness was found to be strongly related to preference. Respondents considered the diversity, uniqueness, and naturalness of the landscape to be far more important than the accessibility of the recreation areas and the provision of service facilities.
Sensitivity or Bayesian model updating: a comparison of techniques using the DLR AIRMOD test data
Creators: name: Patelli, Eduardo
name: Govers, Yves
name: Broggi, Matteo
name: Gomes, Herbert Martins
name: Link, Michael
name: Mottershead, John E.
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer Verlag
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Bayesian networks
subject: Finite element method
subject: Statistical tests
subject: Stochastic systems
subject: Testing
subject: Bayesian
subject: Covariance
subject: Deterministic
subject: Model updating
subject: Stochastic
subject: Stochastic models
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: Deterministic model updating is now a mature technology widely applied to large-scale industrial structures. It is concerned with the calibration of the parameters of a single model based on one set of test data. It is, of course, well known that different analysts produce different finite element models, make different physics-based assumptions, and parameterize their models differently. Also, tests carried out on the same structure, by different operatives, at different times, under different ambient conditions produce different results. There is no unique model and no unique data. Therefore, model updating needs to take account of modeling and test-data variability. Much emphasis is now placed on what has become known as stochastic model updating where data are available from multiple nominally identical test structures. In this paper two currently prominent stochastic model updating techniques (sensitivity-based updating and Bayesian model updating) are described and applied to the DLR AIRMOD structure.
Wie deuten Wissenschaftlerinnen im Maschinenbau ihren Erfolg?
Creators: name: Barlösius, Eva
name: Fisser, Grit
Publisher: name: Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Akademische Karriere
subject: Erfolg
subject: Frauen
subject: Maschinenbau
subject: MINT
subject: Narratives interview
subject: Problemzentriertes interview
subject: Sekundäranalyse
subject: Thematisches Kodieren
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Female students in mechanical engineering have better chances to achieve an academic career than women in other academic disciplines. In this article we reconstruct how female mechanical engineers interpret for themselves their success. Our reconstruction of the self-interpretations focusses on the "internal biographical mechanisms of regulation" (GIEGEL, 1988). The empirical material encompasses three qualitative primary data collections with female professors, female doctoral candidates, and female students of mechanical engineering. The methods used are narrative and problem-centered interviews. These primary data collections are then analyzed by applying the method of thematic coding. The analysis shows an extraordinarily high level of accordance between the three groups. The first accordance relates to family up-bringing, which was aimed at enabling the children to make individual decisions Further agree-ments concern: 1. biographical resources: a high level of self-confidence of being successful by realizing their own objectives; 2. the dominant interest in technology, based in the natural sciences; 3. the relation to the performance principle: the female mechanical engineers embrace great determination for perfor-mance as an essential basis for realizing one's own interests. These three dimensions specify their "internal biographical mechanism of regulation". It can be assumed that women who opt for mechanical engineering very often possess a distinct aspiration for success. Pre-sumably they would be successful in most other disciplines.
Entwicklung einer Ultrakurzpuls-Laserapplikationseinheit zur Behandlung der Altersweitsichtigkeit
Creators: name: Schumacher, Silvia
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Presbyopia
subject: fs-lentotomy
subject: femtosecond laser
subject: restoration of accommodation
subject: Presbyopie
subject: fs-Lentotomie
subject: Femtosekundenlaser
subject: Photodisruption
subject: Akkommodationsrestauration
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Dante's Divina Commedia: Fall Lecture 21 (Purgatorio 4, 5, 6)
Creators: name: Barolini, Teodolinda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Italian literature

description: Fall Lecture 21 of the course "Dante's Divina Commedia" taught by Teodolinda Barolini, Lorenzo da Ponte Professor of Italian at Columbia University. This iteration of her year-long Dante course was taught in two-hour, twice-weekly sessions during Fall 2015 and Spring 2016 (Dante’s Divina Commedia, Italian W4091 & W4092). Recorded November 19, 2015. 0:00 – Purgatorio 4 13:09 – Purgatorio 5 1:26:07 – Purgatorio 6
Dante's Divina Commedia: Fall Lecture 20 (Purgatorio 2, 3, 4)
Creators: name: Barolini, Teodolinda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Italian literature

description: Fall Lecture 20 of the course "Dante's Divina Commedia" taught by Teodolinda Barolini, Lorenzo da Ponte Professor of Italian at Columbia University. This iteration of her year-long Dante course was taught in two-hour, twice-weekly sessions during Fall 2015 and Spring 2016 (Dante’s Divina Commedia, Italian W4091 & W4092). Recorded November 17, 2015. 0:00 – Purgatorio 2 22:27 – Purgatorio 3 1:16:09 – Purgatorio 4
Tetradinodula Zha 2017
Creators: name: Deng, Wei-An
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Tetrigidae
Tetradinodula

description: Genus Tetradinodula Zha, 2017
http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1234425
 Tetradinodula Zha; In Zha et al., 2017: 1480.
 Type species: Tetradinodula bambusae Zha,2017 by monotypy and original designation.
 Description and differential diagnosis. The genus Tetradinodula was proposed by Zha et al., 2017 for Tetradinodula bambusae Zha,2017 from Guizhou Province, China (Zha et al., 2017). This genus can be easily distinguished from other genera of the subfamily Cladonotinae by pronotum between posterior sulcus and humeral angles forming a four-nodule-like elevation (Zha et al., 2017). However, I examined the specimens carefully and found that width of longitudinal furrow of frontal ridge equal to or slightly wider than antennal groove, and without the typical characteristics of the subfamily Cladonotinae for Tetradinodula bambusae. Therefore, the classification status of Tetradinodula needs to be further studied.
 Composition and distribution. This genus consists of a type species only found in China
description: Published as part of Deng, Wei-An, 2020, Taxonomic revision of the subfamily Cladonotinae (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from China with description of three new species, pp. 403-440 in Zootaxa 4789 (2) on pages 431-432, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4789.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/3887709
Spherical mode analysis of planar frequency-independent multi-arm antennas based on its surface current distribution
Creators: name: Armbrecht, G.
name: Klemp, O.
name: Eul, H.
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Copernicus GmbH
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Conventional techniques
subject: Diversity techniques
subject: High-speed data communication
subject: Numerical computations
subject: Parameter reduction
subject: Performance computation
subject: Surface current distributions
subject: Transmission systems
subject: Electric current distribution measurement
subject: MIMO systems
subject: Spheres
subject: Mobile antennas
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Deployment in the design of mobile radio terminals focuses on the implementation of multiradio transmission systems, using a multiplicity of different radio standards combined with high-speed data communication over multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and multimode diversity techniques. Hence, planar log.-per. four-arm antennas are predistined to meet the requirements of future mobile multiradio RF-frontends and will be introduced and analysed in terms of an efficient spherical mode analysis by means of surface current distribution in order to derive an analytic access to MIMO- and polarisation-diversity performance computation. A remarkable parameter reduction and a faster numerical analysis with respect to conventional techniques may be achieved. The sources in the near-field antenna region are based on the numerical computation of surface currents involving the finite element method (FEM). Relations between the variations of the geometrical antenna parameters and the excitation of discrete spherical modes are presented and will be analysed in detail.
Air flow in a collapsing cavity
Creators: name: Peters, Ivo R.
name: Gekle, Stephan
name: Lohse, Detlef
name: van der Meer, Devaraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the airflow in a collapsing cavity created by the impact of a circular disk on a water surface. We measure the air velocity in the collapsing neck in two ways: Directly, by means of employing particle image velocimetry of smoke injected into the cavity and indirectly, by determining the time rate of change of the volume of the cavity at pinch-off and deducing the air flow in the neck under the assumption that the air is incompressible. We compare our experiments to boundary integral simulations and show that close to the moment of pinch-off, compressibility of the air starts to play a crucial role in the behavior of the cavity. Finally, we measure how the air flow rate at pinch-off depends on the Froude number and explain the observed dependence using a theoretical model of the cavity collapse.
The Tractability of Model-checking for LTL: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly Fragments
Creators: name: Bauland, Michael
name: Mundhenk, Martin
name: Schneider, Thomas
name: Schnoor, Henning
name: Schnoor, Ilka
name: Vollmer, Heribert
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: computational complexity
subject: linear temporal logic
subject: model checking
subject: Computational complexity
subject: Mathematical operators
subject: Real time systems
subject: Temporal logic
subject: Logspace
subject: Ltl formulae
subject: Model-checking problems
subject: NP-complete
subject: Np-hard
subject: Temporal operators
subject: Model checking
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: In a seminal paper from 1985, Sistla and Clarke showed that the model-checking problem for Linear Temporal Logic (LTL) is either NP-complete or PSPACE-complete, depending on the set of temporal operators used. If, in contrast, the set of propositional operators is restricted, the complexity may decrease. This paper systematically studies the model-checking problem for LTL formulae over restricted sets of propositional and temporal operators. For almost all combinations of temporal and propositional operators, we determine whether the model-checking problem is tractable (in P) or intractable (NP-hard). We then focus on the tractable cases, showing that they all are NL-complete or even logspace solvable. This leads to a surprising gap in complexity between tractable and intractable cases. It is worth noting that our analysis covers an infinite set of problems, since there are infinitely many sets of propositional operators. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Speciation of uranium: Compilation of a thermodynamic database and its experimental evaluation using different analytical techniques
Creators: name: Mühr-Ebert, Elena L.
name: Wagner, Frank
name: Walther, Clemens
Publisher: name: London : Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical speciation
subject: Database systems
subject: Fluorescence microscopy
subject: Fluorescence spectroscopy
subject: Groundwater
subject: Groundwater resources
subject: Ionic strength
subject: Magnesium compounds
subject: Purification
subject: Surface water resources
subject: Surface waters
subject: Uranium
subject: Uranium compounds
subject: Calcium and magnesiums
subject: Experimental evaluation
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Radionuclide migration
subject: Specific ion interaction theories
subject: Thermodynamic database
subject: Time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy
subject: Water purification technologies
subject: Chemicals removal (water treatment)
subject: chemical composition
subject: database
subject: experimental study
subject: fluorescence spectroscopy
subject: ionic composition
subject: pollution incidence
subject: radioactivity
subject: radionuclide migration
subject: speciation (chemistry)
subject: thermodynamics
subject: uranium
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Environmental hazards are caused by uranium mining legacies and enhanced radioactivity in utilized groundwater and surface water resources. Knowledge of uranium speciation in these waters is essential for predicting radionuclide migration and for installing effective water purification technology. The validity of the thermodynamic data for the environmental media affected by uranium mining legacies is of utmost importance. Therefore, a comprehensive and consistent database was established according to current knowledge. The uranium data included in the database is based on the NEA TDB (Guillaumont et al., 2003) and is modified or supplemented as necessary e.g. for calcium and magnesium uranyl carbonates. The specific ion interaction theory (Brönsted, 1922) is used to estimate activity constants, which is sufficient for the considered low ionic strengths. The success of this approach was evaluated by comparative experimental investigations and model calculations (PHREEQC (Parkhurst and Appelo, 1999)) for several model systems. The waters differ in pH (2.7–9.8), uranium concentration (10−9-10−4 mol/L) and ionic strength (0.002–0.2 mol/L). We used chemical extraction experiments, ESI-Orbitrap-MS and time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) to measure the uranium speciation. The latter method is nonintrusive and therefore does not change the chemical composition of the investigated waters. This is very important, because any change of the system under study may also change the speciation.
Continuity of quantum entropic quantities via almost convexity
Creators: name: Bluhm, Andreas
name: Capel, Ángela
name: Gondolf, Paul
name: Pérez-Hernández, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the proofs of the continuity of the conditional entropy by Alicki, Fannes, and Winter, we introduce in this work the almost locally affine (ALAFF) method. This method allows us to prove a great variety of continuity bounds for the derived entropic quantities. First, we apply the ALAFF method to the Umegaki relative entropy. This way, we recover known almost tight bounds, but also some new continuity bounds for the relative entropy. Subsequently, we apply our method to the Belavkin-Staszewski relative entropy (BS-entropy). This yields novel explicit bounds in particular for the BS-conditional entropy, the BS-mutual and BS-conditional mutual information. On the way, we prove almost concavity for the Umegaki relative entropy and the BS-entropy, which might be of independent interest. We conclude by showing some applications of these continuity bounds in various contexts within quantum information theory.
description: 68 pages, 6 figures. This is a long version of the paper arXiv:2305.10140. v3: We corrected a previous flaw in Lemma 5.8
Tuberfemurus Zheng 1992
Creators: name: Deng, Wei-An
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Tetrigidae
Tuberfemurus

description: Genus Tuberfemurus Zheng, 1992
http://orthoptera.speciesfile.org/Common/basic/Taxa.aspx?TaxonNameID=1217966
 Tuberfemurus Zheng, 1992: 84; Liang & Zheng, 1998: 30-31; Zheng, 2005: 25; Deng et al., 2009: 211; Storozhenko & Dawwrueng, 2014: 331; Deng, 2016: 21; Deng, & Lu, 2019: 136.
 Type species: Tuberfemurus laminatus Zheng, 1992, by monotypy and original designation.
 Description and differential diagnosis. Deng & Lu (2019) provided a detailed redescription of the genus (see Deng & Lu 2019). Tuberfemurus spp. share the following characteristics: median carina of pronotum is strongly lamellate elevated, in profile arch-like; the hind femur has gently serrate upper and lower carinae, lower outer keel with two to three projections, the upper side has a series of thick tubercles; and the tegmina and hind wings absent.
 Composition and distribution. Altogether, five species are now assigned to the genus Tuberfemurus. These are distributed in China and Thailand. Four species of the genus Tuberfemurus are found in China
description: Published as part of Deng, Wei-An, 2020, Taxonomic revision of the subfamily Cladonotinae (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from China with description of three new species, pp. 403-440 in Zootaxa 4789 (2) on page 433, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4789.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/3887709
Rescattering effects in proton interaction with light neutron rich nuclei
Creators: name: Ibraeva, E. T.
name: Dzhazairov-Kahramanov, A. V.
name: Imambekov, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V35

description: Within the framework of the Glauber diffraction theory, the differential cross sections of the elastic p6He, p8Li, and p9Li scattering were calculated at intermediate energies from 70 to 1000 MeV/nucleon. The use of realistic three-body wave functions alpha-n-n (6He), alpha-t-n (8Li) and alpha-t-2n (9Li), obtained in the framework of modern clear models, and the expansion of the Glauber operator into a series of multiple scatterings in a form that is well adapted to the three-body nuclei configuration, allows the calculation of the matrix elements, by taking into account the rescattering from all structure components of the designated nuclei.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Elodea canadensis L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S. canadensis L. Verwildert. 3: Martigny (Closuit 1948).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Temperature Induced Fracturing of Rock Salt Mass
Creators: name: Staudtmeister, Kurt
name: Zapf, Dirk
name: Leuger, Bastian
name: Elend, Marc
Publisher: name: London : Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Caves
subject: Compressive strength
subject: Fracture
subject: Rock mechanics
subject: Salt deposits
subject: Temperature distribution
subject: Tensile strength
subject: Tensile stress
subject: Underground gas storage
subject: Fracture propagation
subject: Gas storage
subject: Rock salt
subject: Temperature decrease
subject: Temperature development
subject: Temperature variation
subject: Temperature-induced
subject: Theoretical approach
subject: Rocks
subject: fracture propagation
subject: gas storage
subject: rock salt
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: During the operation of gas storage caverns in rock salt mass the internal pressure changes during filling and withdrawal phases. Additionally temperature variations occur versus operation time. During withdrawal phases the temperature decreases which can lead to stress states in tensile regions at the cavern wall. Because the tensile strength of rock salt is relatively low compared to its compressive strength it is likely that tensile stresses lead to discrete fractures orthogonal to the direction of the tensile stresses. If fractures of this kind are created – whether vertical or horizontal – the gas will penetrate into the fracture at the relevant pressure and further extend the length of the fractures under certain circumstances. There are currently no theoretical approaches describing the manner in which the fractures might propagate into the not by temperature changes influenced rock salt mass during repeated cyclic pressure changes. This aspect is topic of prospective research. Salt caverns cannot be entered but only explored by sonar measurements, with which it is not possible to detect tensile fractures at the cavern wall. Within this paper examples from mining configurations will be shown where temperature changes lead to tensile fractures in the surrounding rock salt. These fractures have been well mapped while the temperature development is well documented. The paper deals with recalculations under consideration of different salt properties of the temperature distributions and the resulting stress state in the surrounding rock salt mass. The stress calculation results and the consequences for the dimensioning of natural gas caverns are going to be discussed and assessed.
Exploring ways to respond to rising obesity and diabetes in the Caribbean using a system dynamics model.
Creators: name: Guariguata, Leonor
name: Garcia, Leandro
name: Sobers, Natasha
name: Ferguson, Trevor S
name: Woodcock, James
name: Samuels, T Alafia
name: Guell, Cornelia
name: Unwin, Nigel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Obesity
Nutrition
Prevention
Diabetes
3.1 Primary prevention interventions to modify behaviours or promote wellbeing
3 Prevention of disease and conditions, and promotion of well-being
Cancer
Stroke
Metabolic and endocrine
Oral and gastrointestinal
Cardiovascular
3 Good Health and Well Being

description: Diabetes and obesity present a high and increasing burden of disease in the Caribbean that have failed to respond to prevention policies and interventions. These conditions are the result of a complex system of drivers and determinants that can make it difficult to predict the impact of interventions. In partnership with stakeholders, we developed a system dynamics simulation model to map the system driving diabetes and obesity prevalence in the Caribbean using Jamaica as a test case. The study aims to use the model to assess the magnitude changes necessary in physical activity and dietary intake to achieve global targets set by the WHO Global Action plan and to test scenarios for interventions to reduce the burden of diabetes and obesity. Continuing current trends in diet, physical activity, and demographics, the model predicts diabetes in Jamaican adults (20+ years) to rise from 12% in 2018 to 15.4% in 2030 and 20.9% by 2050. For obesity, it predicts prevalence to rise from 28.6% in 2018 to 32.1% by 2030 and 39.2% by 2050. The magnitude change necessary to achieve the global targets set by the World Health Organization is so great as to be unachievable. However, a combination of measures both upstream (including reducing the consumption of sugar sweetened beverages and ultra processed foods, increasing fruit and vegetable intake, and increasing moderate-to-vigorous activity) at the population level, and downstream (targeting people at high risk and with diabetes) can significantly reduce the future burden of diabetes and obesity in the region. No single intervention reduces the prevalence of these conditions as much as a combination of interventions. Thus, the findings of this model strongly support adopting a sustained and coordinated approach across various sectors to synergistically maximise the benefits of interventions.
Signal processing strategies for cochlear implants using current steering
Creators: name: Nogueira, Waldo
name: Litvak, Leonid
name: Edler, Bernd
name: Ostermann, Jörn
name: Büchner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer Verlag
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Audio signal
subject: Cochlear implant
subject: Current steering
subject: Different frequency
subject: On currents
subject: Pitch perception
subject: Sound processing
subject: Spectral channels
subject: Valencia
subject: Wide bandwidth
subject: Audio systems
subject: Continuous speech recognition
subject: Digital filters
subject: Electrodes
subject: Frequency bands
subject: Signal processing
subject: Speech intelligibility
subject: Cochlear implants
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: In contemporary cochlear implant systems, the audio signal is decomposed into different frequency bands, each assigned to one electrode. Thus, pitch perception is limited by the number of physical electrodes implanted into the cochlea and by the wide bandwidth assigned to each electrode. The Harmony HiResolution bionic ear (Advanced Bionics LLC, Valencia, CA, USA) has the capability of creating virtual spectral channels through simultaneous delivery of current to pairs of adjacent electrodes. By steering the locus of stimulation to sites between the electrodes, additional pitch percepts can be generated. Two new sound processing strategies based on current steering have been designed, SpecRes and SineEx. In a chronic trial, speech intelligibility, pitch perception, and subjective appreciation of sound were compared between the two current steering strategies and standard HiRes strategy in 9 adult Harmony users. There was considerable variability in benefit, and the mean results show similar performance with all three strategies.
A nonconforming finite element method for the Stokes equations using the Crouzeix-Raviart element for the velocity and the standard linear element for the pressure
Creators: name: Lamichhane, Bishnu P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65N15

description: We present a finite element method for Stokes equations using the Crouzeix-Raviart element for the velocity and the continuous linear element for the pressure. We show that the inf-sup condition is satisfied for this pair. Two numerical experiments are presented to support the theoretical results.
Spiroacetals in the Colonization Behaviour of the Coffee Berry Borer: A 'Push-Pull' System
Creators: name: Njihia, Teresiah Nyambura
name: Jaramillo, Juliana
name: Murungi, Lucy
name: Mwenda, Dickson
name: Orindi, Benedict
name: Poehling, Hans-Michael
name: Torto, Baldwyn
Publisher: name: San Francisco : Public Library Science
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: mountain pine-beetle
subject: hypothenemus-hampei coleoptera
subject: dendroctonus-ponderosae hopkins
subject: bark beetle
subject: ips-typographus
subject: curculionidae scolytinae
subject: pheromone production
subject: field response
subject: volatiles
subject: semiochemicals
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::590 | Tiere (Zoologie)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Coffee berries are known to release several volatile organic compounds, among which is the spiroacetal, conophthorin, an attractant for the coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei. Elucidating the effects of other spiroacetals released by coffee berries is critical to understanding their chemo-ecological roles in the host discrimination and colonization process of the coffee berry borer, and also for their potential use in the management of this pest. Here, we show that the coffee berry spiroacetals frontalin and 1,6-dioxaspiro [4.5] decane (referred thereafter as brocain), are also used as semiochemicals by the coffee berry borer for host colonization. Bioassays and chemical analyses showed that crowding coffee berry borers from 2 to 6 females per berry, reduced borer fecundity, which appeared to correlate with a decrease in the emission rates of conophthorin and frontalin over time. In contrast, the level of brocain did not vary significantly between borer-uninfested and infested berries. Brocain was attractive at lower doses, but repellent at higher doses while frontalin alone or in a blend was critical for avoidance. Field assays with a commercial attractant comprising a mixture of ethanol and methanol (1:1), combined with frontalin, confirmed the repellent effect of this compound by disrupting capture rates of H. hampei females by 77% in a coffee plantation. Overall, our results suggest that the levels of frontalin and conophthorin released by coffee berries determine the host colonization behaviour of H. hampei, possibly through a 'push-pull' system, whereby frontalin acts as the 'push' (repellent) and conophthorin acting as the 'pull' (attractant). Furthermore, our results reveal the potential use of frontalin as a repellent for management of this coffee pest.
Tuberfemurus laminatus Zheng 1992
Creators: name: Deng, Wei-An
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Tetrigidae
Tuberfemurus
Tuberfemurus laminatus

description: Tuberfemurus laminatus Zheng, 1992
(Figure 15 A–B)
 Tuberfemurus lamuinatus Zheng, 1992c: 84, 93 (Holotype - ♂, China, Sichuan prov., Guanxian County, in IZSNU, examined); Liang & Zheng, 1998: 31; Zheng, 2005: 25; Deng, 2016: 21; Deng & Lu, 2019: 137.
 Type material examined. Holotype ♂ and paratypes 3♂ 4♀, China: Sichuan prov., Guanxian County, 15 VIII 1982, IZSNU. Other material examined. 1♂ 1♀, China, Chongqing City, Wanxian County, Wangerbao, 27. V. 1994, IZSNU; 2♀, China, Chongqing City, Wanxian County, 21. VIII. 2013, IZSNU.
 Distribution. China (Chongqing and Sichuan).
description: Published as part of Deng, Wei-An, 2020, Taxonomic revision of the subfamily Cladonotinae (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae) from China with description of three new species, pp. 403-440 in Zootaxa 4789 (2) on page 434, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4789.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/3887709
Mid-Infrared Properties of Nearby Luminous Infrared Galaxies I: Spitzer IRS Spectra for the GOALS Sample
Creators: name: Stierwalt, S.
name: Armus, L.
name: Surace, J. A.
name: Inami, H.
name: Petric, A. O.
name: Diaz-Santos, T.
name: Haan, S.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Howell, J.
name: Kim, D. C.
name: Marshall, J.
name: Mazzarella, J. M.
name: Spoon, H. W. W.
name: Veilleux, S.
name: Evans, A.
name: Sanders, D. B.
name: Appleton, P.
name: Bothun, G.
name: Bridge, C. R.
name: Chan, B.
name: Frayer, D.
name: Iwasawa, K.
name: Kewley, L. J.
name: Lord, S.
name: Madore, B. F.
name: Melbourne, J. E.
name: Murphy, E. J.
name: Rich, J. A.
name: Schulz, B.
name: Sturm, E.
name: U, V.
name: Vavilkin, T.
name: Xu, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS) is a multiwavelength study of luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) in the local universe. Here we present low resolution Spitzer spectra covering 5-38um and provide a basic analysis of the mid-IR spectral properties for nearby LIRGs. In a companion paper, we discuss detailed fits to the spectra. The GOALS sample of 244 nuclei in 180 luminous and 22 ultraluminous IR galaxies represents a complete subset of the IRAS RBGS and covers a range of merger stages, morphologies and spectral types. The majority (>60%) of GOALS LIRGs have high 6.2um PAH equivalent widths (EQW > 0.4um) and low levels of silicate absorption (s_9.7um >-1.0). There is a general trend among the U/LIRGs for silicate depth and MIR slope to increase with LIR. U/LIRGs in the late stages of a merger also have on average steeper MIR slopes and higher levels of dust obscuration. Together these trends suggest that as gas & dust is funneled towards the center of a coalescing merger, the nuclei become more compact and obscured. The sources that depart from these correlations have very low PAH EQW (EQW < 0.1um) consistent with their MIR emission being dominated by an AGN. The most heavily dust obscured sources are the most compact in their MIR emission, suggesting that the obscuring (cool) dust is associated with the outer regions of the starburst. As the merger progresses a marked decline is seen for the fraction of high EQW (star formation dominated) sources while the fraction of composite sources increases but the fraction of AGN-dominated sources remains low. When compared to the MIR spectra of submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) at z~2, the average GOALS LIRG is more absorbed at 9.7um and has more PAH emission. However, when the AGN contributions to both the local LIRGs and the high-z SMGs are removed, the average local starbursting LIRG closely resembles the starbursting SMGs.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS
Bayesian Identification of Elastic Constants in Multi-Directional Laminate from Moiré Interferometry Displacement Fields
Creators: name: Gogu, Christian
name: Yin, W.
name: Haftka, Raphael T.
name: Ifju, Peter G.
name: Molimard, Jérôme
name: Riche, Rodolphe Le
name: Vautrin, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ply elastic constants needed for classical lamination theory analysis of multi-directional laminates may differ from those obtained from unidirectional laminates because of three dimensional effects. In addition, the unidirectional laminates may not be available for testing. In such cases, full-field displacement measurements offer the potential of identifying several material properties simultaneously. For that, it is desirable to create complex displacement fields that are strongly influenced by all the elastic constants. In this work, we explore the potential of using a laminated plate with an open-hole under traction loading to achieve that and identify all four ply elastic constants (E 1, E 2, 12, G 12) at once. However, the accuracy of the identified properties may not be as good as properties measured from individual tests due to the complexity of the experiment, the relative insensitivity of the measured quantities to some of the properties and the various possible sources of uncertainty. It is thus important to quantify the uncertainty (or confidence) with which these properties are identified. Here, Bayesian identification is used for this purpose, because it can readily model all the uncertainties in the analysis and measurements, and because it provides the full coupled probability distribution of the identified material properties. In addition, it offers the potential to combine properties identified based on substantially different experiments. The full-field measurement is obtained by moiré interferometry. For computational efficiency the Bayesian approach was applied to a proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) of the displacement fields. The analysis showed that the four orthotropic elastic constants are determined with quite different confidence levels as well as with significant correlation. Comparison with manufacturing specifications showed substantial difference in one constant, and this conclusion agreed with earlier measurement of that constant by a traditional four-point bending test. It is possible that the POD approach did not take full advantage of the copious data provided by the full field measurements, and for that reason that data is provided for others to use (as on line material attached to the article).
Thermal Tolerance of the Coffee Berry Borer Hypothenemus hampei: Predictions of Climate Change Impact on a Tropical Insect Pest
Creators: name: Jaramillo, Juliana
name: Chabi-Olaye, Adenirin
name: Kamonjo, Charles
name: Jaramillo, Alvaro
name: Vega, Fernando E.
name: Poehling, Hans-Michael
name: Borgemeister, Christian
Publisher: name: San Francisco : Public Library Science
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Berries
subject: climate change
subject: purpae
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Africa
subject: Colombia
subject: larvae
subject: plant-herbivore interactions
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Coffee is predicted to be severely affected by climate change. We determined the thermal tolerance of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, the most devastating pest of coffee worldwide, and make inferences on the possible effects of climate change using climatic data from Colombia, Kenya, Tanzania, and Ethiopia. For this, the effect of eight temperature regimes (15, 20, 23, 25, 27, 30, 33 and 35 degrees C) on the bionomics of H. hampei was studied. Successful egg to adult development occurred between 20-30 degrees C. Using linear regression and a modified Logan model, the lower and upper thresholds for development were estimated at 14.9 and 32 degrees C, respectively. In Kenya and Colombia, the number of pest generations per year was considerably and positively correlated with the warming tolerance. Analysing 32 years of climatic data from Jimma (Ethiopia) revealed that before 1984 it was too cold for H. hampei to complete even one generation per year, but thereafter, because of rising temperatures in the area, 1-2 generations per year/coffee season could be completed. Calculated data on warming tolerance and thermal safety margins of H. hampei for the three East African locations showed considerably high variability compared to the Colombian site. The model indicates that for every 1 degrees C rise in thermal optimum (T(opt)), the maximum intrinsic rate of increase (r(max)) will increase by an average of 8.5%. The effects of climate change on the further range of H. hampei distribution and possible adaption strategies are discussed. Abstracts in Spanish and French are provided as supplementary material Abstract S1 and Abstract S2.
Use of sucrose to diminish pore formation in freeze-dried heart valves
Creators: name: Vásquez-Rivera, Andrés
name: Oldenhof, Harriette
name: Dipresa, Daniele
name: Goecke, Tobias
name: Kouvaka, Artemis
name: Will, Fabian
name: Haverich, Axel
name: Korossis, Sotirios
name: Hilfiker, Andres
name: Wolkers, Willem F.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: freeze-drying
subject: heart valves
subject: porosity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Freeze-dried storage of decellularized heart valves provides easy storage and transport for clinical use. Freeze-drying without protectants, however, results in a disrupted histoarchitecture after rehydration. In this study, heart valves were incubated in solutions of various sucrose concentrations and subsequently freeze-dried. Porosity of rehydrated valves was determined from histological images. In the absence of sucrose, freeze-dried valves were shown to have pores after rehydration in the cusp, artery and muscle sections. Use of sucrose reduced pore formation in a dose-dependent manner, and pretreatment of the valves in a 40% (w/v) sucrose solution prior to freeze-drying was found to be sufficient to completely diminish pore formation. The presence of pores in freeze-dried valves was found to coincide with altered biomechanical characteristics, whereas biomechanical parameters of valves freeze-dried with enough sucrose were not significantly different from those of valves not exposed to freeze-drying. Multiphoton imaging, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry studies revealed that matrix proteins (i.e. collagen and elastin) were not affected by freeze-drying.