cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Effective protection of rights as a precondition to mutual recognition: Some thoughts on the CJEU’s Gavanozov II decision
Creators: name: Hernandez Weiss, Alba
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mutual recognition
subject: mutual trust
subject: judicial cooperation in criminal matters
subject: European Investigation Order
subject: effective judicial protection
subject: Court of Justice of the European Union
subject: legal remedies
subject: 340

description: This contribution intends to analyze the ruling of the CJEU in the Gavanozov II case. The Court ruled that Member States that do not have legal remedies available against European Investigation Orders are precluded from issuing EIOs altogether. The Gavanozov II decision is the first time that the CJEU de facto suspends the use of a mutual recognition instrument in the field of cooperation in criminal matters due to noncompliance with EU fundamental rights. It deals with two issues that lie at the heart of criminal cooperation in the EU: On the one hand, the relationship between mutual recognition and mutual trust and on the other hand, the position of the individual in transnational proceedings and the effective protection of their rights.
description: New Journal of European Criminal Law, vol. 13, no. 2, p. 180
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Dominican Republic
Creators: name: Suarez A., Javier A.
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; FASE Program; Contract Suspension; Home working

description: The response of the Dominican Republic to the pandemic of COVID-19 from the Central Government has occurred with greater intensity while the labor union centers have been notably absent. The employers' confederations have provided resources to help mitigate the crisis, but the main help has come with the implementation of the Employee Solidarity Assistance Fund (FASE) program, which applies to most of the formal workers, although it leaves a large part of them outside the system. Informal workers amount to 58 % of the workforce and have been covered by the stay at home program which covers 1.5MM of people directly, although also many of these informal workers have not had any help. Many nonessential businesses have been closed, although supermarkets and pharmacies, amongst others, have continued to sell at capacities above pre-crisis levels. The Ministry of Labor has issued a single regulation, 007-2020 dated March 18, 2020, where it included certain non-mandatory guidelines for employers.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Effect of biofilm age on settlement of Mytilus edulis
Creators: name: Lovejoy, Connie
name: Réjean Tremblay
name: Toupoint, Nicolas
name: Vani Mohit
name: Linossier, Isabelle
name: Bourgougnon, Nathalie
name: Myrand, Bruno
name: Olivier, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Biofilm ageing is commonly assumed to improve mussel settlement on artificial substrata, but the structure and taxonomic composition of biofilms remains unclear. In the present study, multi-species biofilms were characterized at different ages (1, 2, and 3 weeks) and their influence on settlement of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, was tested in the field. As biofilms can constitute a consistent food resource for larvae, the lipid quality, defined as the proportion of related essential fatty acids, may be a selection criterion for settlement. Overall mussel settlement increased on biofilms older than 1 week, and the enhanced settlement corresponded to the abundance and composition of the biofilm community, rather than to essential fatty acid levels. However, during a pulse of phytoplankton, the positive influence of biofilm was not detected, suggesting that pelagic cues overwhelmed those associated with biofilms. The influence of biofilms on mussel settlement could be more crucial when planktonic resources are limited.
Persistence of non‐native spore forming bacteria in drinking water biofilm and evaluation of decontamination methods
Creators: name: Shane, William T.
name: Szabo, Jeffrey G.
name: Bishop, Paul L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2011
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Persistence of Bacillus globigii spores, a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis, was studied on biofouled concrete‐lined slides in drinking water using biofilm annular reactors. Reactors were inoculated with B. globigii spores and persistence was monitored in the bulk and biofilm phases, first in dechlorinated water and later with free chlorine concentrations of 1 and 5 mg/L. In the dechlorinated study, a steady state population of spores developed on the slides. The addition of free chlorine at 5 mg/L decreased the adhered spore density by 2‐logs within 4 hours and spores were not detected after 67 and 49 hours in the presence of 1 and 5 mg/L free chlorine, respectively. This suggests that adhered spores can persist in non‐chlorinated conditions, but detach and/or are inactivated upon addition of free chlorine. When injected into a chlorinated reactor, adhered spore density continually decreased and spores were either undetectable or unquantifiable by 48 hours for both 1 and 5 mg/L chlorine concentrations. Results from these experiments suggest that the presence of a free chlorine residual limits adherence of viable spores to biofouled concrete‐lined pipe walls by inactivating spores before they have attached. Both free chlorine concentrations (1 and 5 mg/L) were equally effective at inactivating spores in terms of log reduction, but the higher concentrations yielded faster rates of log reduction.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Indonesia
Creators: name: Mahy, Petra
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; Social Security; Pre-Employment Card Scheme; Omnibus Bill on Job Creation

description: The COVID-19 pandemic is having a devastating impact on employment and livelihoods in Indonesia. Understanding the implications for workers requires mapping the combined interactions of existing labour law protections, new regulations and social security measures. This all also needs to be understood in the context of national and regional government power-sharing, Indonesia’s large informal economy and the likely worsening of compliance with formal labour protections during the pandemic.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Toxicokinetics and carry-over model of α-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) from feed to consumption-sized Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Creators: name: M.H.G. Berntssen
name: S. Valdersnes
name: G. Rosenlund
name: B.E. Torstensen
name: M.J. Zeilmaker
name: J.C.H. Van Eijkeren
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A two-compartmental model for the kinetics of carry-over of the brominated flame retardant α-hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) from feed to the fillet of farmed harvest-sized Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) was developed. The model is based on a fat compartment for storage of the lipophilic α-HBCD and a central compartment comprising all other tissues. Specific for this model is that the salmon has a continuous growth and that fillet contaminant levels are explained by both the fat and the central compartments. The uptake and elimination kinetics are obtained from experimental data where consumer sized (start weight approximately 1 kg) Atlantic salmon was fed α-HBCD spiked feed (280 ± 11 µg kg−1) for 2 months followed by a depuration period of 3 months. The model was used to simulate the HBCD feed-to-fillet transfer in Atlantic salmon under realistic farming conditions such as the seasonal fluctuations in feed intake, growth and fillet fat deposition. The model predictions gave fillet concentrations of 0.2–1.8 µg kg−1 depending on the level of fish oil inclusion in the salmon diets when using fish oil with high POP background levels. Model simulations show that currently farmed Atlantic salmon can contribute to a maximum of 6% of the estimated provisional food reference dose for HBCD.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Zambia
Creators: name: Kayula, James
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; Essential workers; Redundancy; Destitution; Debt burden; Economic mismanagement

description: Zambia’s responsive measures in mitigating the effects of COVID-19 in the labour market have been fragmented and ineffective. These half-hearted measures taken by government can be attributed to its crippling huge debt burden compounded by alarming levels of mismanagement of public resources. These factors have left Zambia with no meaningful fiscal space to navigate the effects of COVID-19.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Molecular tools to track bacteria responsible for fuel deterioration and microbiologically influenced corrosion
Creators: name: Athenia L. Oldham
name: Suflita, Joseph M.
name: Aktas, Deniz F.
name: Perez-Ibarra, Beatriz Monica
name: Duncan, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Investigating the susceptibility of various fuels to anaerobic biodegradation has become complicated with the recognition that the fuels themselves are not sterile. Bacterial DNA could be obtained when various fuels were filtered through a hydrophobic teflon (0.22 μm) membrane filter. Bacterial 16S rRNA genes from these preparations were PCR amplified, cloned, and the resulting libraries sequenced to identify the fuel-borne bacterial communities. The most common sequence, found in algal- and camelina-based biofuels as well as in ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) and F76 diesel, was similar to that of a Tumebacillus. The next most common sequence was similar to Methylobacterium and was found in the biofuels and ULSD. Higher level phylogenetic groups included representatives of the Firmicutes (Bacillus, Lactobacillus and Streptococcus), several Actinobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Alphaproteobacteria (Methylobacterium and Sphingomonadales), Betaproteobacteria (Oxalobacteraceae and Burkholderiales) and Deltaproteobacteria. All of the fuel-associated bacterial sequences, except those obtained from a few facultative microorganisms, were from aerobes and only remotely affiliated with sequences that resulted from anaerobic successional events evident when ULSD was incubated with a coastal seawater and sediment inoculum. Thus, both traditional and alternate fuel formulations harbor a characteristic microflora, but these microorganisms contributed little to the successional patterns that ultimately resulted in fuel decomposition, sulfide formation and metal biocorrosion. The findings illustrate the value of molecular approaches to track the fate of bacteria that might come in contact with fuels and potentially contribute to corrosion problems throughout the energy value chain.
Real time monitoring of biofilm development under flow conditions in porous media
Creators: name: Bozorg, Ali
name: Gates, Ian D.
name: Arindom Sen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: Biofilm growth can impact the effectiveness of industrial processes that involve porous media. To better understand and characterize how biofilms develop and affect hydraulic properties in porous media, both spatial and temporal development of biofilms under flow conditions was investigated in a translucent porous medium by using Pseudomonas fluorescens HK44, a bacterial strain genetically engineered to luminesce in the presence of an induction agent. Real-time visualization of luminescent biofilm growth patterns under constant pressure conditions was captured using a CCD camera. Images obtained over 8 days revealed that variations in bioluminescence intensity could be correlated to biofilm cell density and hydraulic conductivity. These results were used to develop a real-time imaging method to study the dynamic behavior of biofilm evolution in a porous medium, thereby providing a new tool to investigate the impact of biological fouling in porous media under flow conditions.
Leontodon and Scorzoneroides (Asteraceae, Cichorieae) in Italy
Creators: name: C. Zidorn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Sandro Pignatti's Flora d'Italia was published in 1982. In this work, the genus Leontodon was edited by the late Helga Pittoni (Graz). Since then, a large amount of new data about the systematics and taxonomy of Leontodon s.l. have been acquired. The most important new aspect is that, based on molecular data, the former subgenera Leontodon and Oporinia are now regarded as separate genera, Leontodon s.str. and Scorzoneroides, respectively. Moreover, new assessments of some critical taxa resulted in some new names as compared to the first edition of the Flora d'Italia. The changes presented here are not only discussed in comparison with the first edition of the Flora d'Italia but also with regard to its predecessor (Fiori 1927) and to Flora Europaea (Finch and Sell 1976). Apart from a discussion of changes in nomenclature and taxon delimitation, identification keys are presented to distinguish between the genera Leontodon and Scorzoneroides, and to identify their Italian members.
Glandular trichomes as further differential characters between Stachys subgenus Betonica (L.) Bhattacharjee and Stachys subgenus Stachys
Creators: name: C. Giuliani
name: L. Maleci Bini
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The genus Stachys L. has always presented great taxonomic and nomenclatural problems; the identification of two different genera, Betonica and Stachys, or of a single genus, Stachys, with the subgenera Betonica and Stachys, is still debated. In this work, different types of glandular trichomes (peltate and capitate) occurring in species belonging to both subgenera Betonica and Stachys are described. Observations were carried out on living plants growing in Italy, using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), to characterise trichome structure and distribution on vegetative and reproductive organs, and light microscopy (LM) to characterise their type of secretion, by means of histochemical methods. Stachys subgenus Betonica presents only peltate hairs, while Stachys subgenus Stachys has different types of large capitate hairs lacking in the subgenus Betonica. Furthermore, the peltate trichomes of the subgenus Betonica show an unusual secretion composed of flavonoids and essential oils. A thorough examination of numerous exsiccata belonging to subgenera Betonica and Stachys, stored in the Herbarium Centrale Italicum of Florence (FI), confirmed observations made on living material. The recorded characters allowed a clear distinction between the species of the subgenus Betonica and those of the subgenus Stachys. Consequently, a higher taxonomic rank than subgenus should be recommended for these taxa.
Sex-associated DNA markers from turbot
Creators: name: Casas, Laura
name: Sánchez, Laura
name: Orbán, László
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2011
Subjects: Marine Biology

description: The genomes of male and female turbot, Psetta maxima (Linnaeus, 1758), were screened for sex-specific sequences by comparative random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assays performed on pooled samples. As turbot females grow much faster than males, there is an increasing interest in differentiating between the sexes, and such markers would enable the sexing of individuals even at early stages of development. Four sex-associated DNA markers, with molecular sexing efficiencies ranging from 77 to 90%, were identified and further characterized. Two markers were identified from pooled female samples, one from pooled male samples (both sets collected from the wild), whereas a fourth marker was found in the female pool of farm-bred siblings. Parallel application of the three markers isolated from wild-caught individuals yielded a combined molecular sexing efficiency of 90% in males and 83.3% in females. While the three markers isolated from the wild should be useful to predict the sex in natural turbot populations, the fourth marker showed sex-association limited only to the family where it was isolated from. Nonetheless, it can be used for molecular sexing of brooders originating from the target family and potentially their offspring as well. The application of such molecular sex markers with limited scope is a potential strategy in aquaculture for those species for which no universal sex marker is available.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Slovenia
Creators: name: Kresal, Barbara
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; Teleworking; Homeworking; Health and safety; Job-saving measures; Income support measures; State-funded compensations

description: Slovenia declared Covid-19 an epidemic on 12 March 2020. Social distancing measures have been introduced, schools and kindergartens were closed, as well as most of the businesses. Tele/home-working has been widely promoted, distant schooling organised. The Government introduced different job-saving and income support measures, including partial reimbursement of wage compensations for temporarily laid-off workers due to the entreprise closures, deferral of tax and social contribution payments, temporary basic income for the self-employed etc.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Exploration of protein–protein interaction effects on α-2-macroglobulin in an inhibition of serine protease through gene expression and molecular simulations studies
Creators: name: Sivakamavalli, Jeyachandran
name: Chandrabose Selvaraj
name: Singh, Sanjeev Kumar
name: Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: In Prophenoloxidase (ProPO) cascade, two targets namely serine protease and α-2-macroglobulin are key regulators involved in the defense system of crustaceans. In biological systems, routine role of cell systems requires the understanding in protein–protein interactions through experimental and theoretical concepts, which might yield useful insights into the cellular responses. Response of cells to regulating the immune system is governed by the interactions-involved biomolecular simulations. Unfortunately, studies on the inhibitors (SP and α-2M) that negatively regulate the proPO system or melanization in penaeid shrimp are not yet available. In order to understand how these interactions change the proPO mechanism in Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus was determined. In F. indicus, innate immune system is in a sensitive balance of intricate interactions; elucidating these interactions by the integration of in silico and in vitro has great potential. We have determined the expression of both the SP and α-2M enzymes in regulatory mechanism, which are analyzed through qRT-PCR, protein–protein docking, and simulation studies. From this work, we propose a novel approach for studying an organism at the systems level by integrating genome-wide computational analysis and the gene expression data.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Iceland
Creators: name: Blöndal, Elín
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; Unemployment; Unemployment benefits; Homework; Telework; Social partners

description: The Icelandic response to the COVID-19 has been based to follow evident based measures to curb the spread of the virus and save lives at the same time as the Icelandic Government tries to keep the economy afloat. Several masures have been adopted to mitigate the economical and societal effects of the outbreak. The Social Partners have played a substantial role in the design of the measures taken by the Government.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Bryophyte coastal vegetation of the Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park (S Italy) as a tool for ecosystem assessment
Creators: name: M. Puglisi
name: R. Costa
name: M. Privitera
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The bryophyte vegetation of the coastal area of the Cilento and Vallo di Diano National Park has been investigated. The phytosociological study has emphasized the occurrence of many associations of the phytosociological classes Barbuletea unguiculatae, Pleurochaeto squarrosae-Abietinelletea abietinae, Cladonio digitatae-Lepidozietea reptantis, Grimmietea anodontis, and Frullanio dilatatae-Leucodontetea sciuroidis. Among these, Barbuletum convolutae, Didymodonto vinealis-Tortuletum muralis, and Funarietum hygrometricae show a strong human impact. On the contrary, the epiphytic associations (Syntrichietum laevipilae, Leucodonto sciuroidis-Leptodontetum smithii, and Fabronietum pusillae), as well as Tortelletum papillosissimae, Rhynchostegielletum algirianae, Tortello flavovirentis-Trichostometum crispuli, and Rhynchostegietum megapolitani, show a good degree of naturalness and air purity. This is revealed by the bryovegetational analysis based on biological and ecological parameters (life form, ratio St/We, life strategy, sensibility to air pollution and human impact) that can be interpreted to provide useful information about the quality and the health of the environment. Moreover, a new association, Gongylanthetum ericetori, is described here.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Ukraine
Creators: name: Simutina, Yana
name: Venediktov, Sergii
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; Remote work; Flexible working hours; Downtime; Unpaid leave; Partial unemployment benefit

description: The most important reaction of Ukrainian legislation associated with COVID-19 is the amendments made to the Labour Code regarding remote work and flexible working hours. Due to the fact that many enterprises during national quarantine have reduced their activities or are not working at all, in such cases downtime should be paid at the rate of not less than two-thirds of the salary set for the employee. Only upon their consent employees can be provided with unpaid leave, which is limited by the quarantine time frames.Employers are eligible to receive the partial unemployment benefit from the state for the quarantine period in the amount of 2/3 of wages in order to pay their employees for preserving the employment relationship.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Protein flexibility and conformational states of Leishmania antigen eIF-4A: identification of a novel plausible protein adjuvant using comparative genomics and molecular modeling
Creators: name: Zhilong Xiu
name: Naftolin, Frederick
name: Zhan, Chang-Guo
name: Wei, Ning-Ning
name: Hamza, Adel
name: Hao, Ce
name: Johnson-Scalise, Trudy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2013
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: Recent homology modeling studies have identified specific residues (epitope) of the Leishmania RNA helicase protein (LmeIF) that stimulates production of IL-12 cytokine. However, question remains concerning how LmeIF’s N-terminal moiety initiates adjuvant effects. Extensive molecular modeling combining the normal mode analysis (NMA) and molecular dynamics simulations, in the present study, has demonstrated that the LmeIF structure may exist in two different forms corresponding to the extended and collapsed (closed) states of the entire structure. The computational results showed that the two domains of the LmeIF structure tend to undergo large fluctuations in a concerted fashion and have strong effect on the solvent accessible surface of the epitope situated on the N-terminal structure. The conformational freedom of the C-terminal domains may explain why the entire LmeIF protein is not as active as the N-terminal moiety. Thereafter, a comparative genome analysis with subsequent homology modeling and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) techniques allowed us to predict a novel and plausible RNA helicase (LI-helicase) from the Listeria source with adjuvant property as observed for the Leishmania eIF-4A protein. The structural folding and MEP maps revealed similar topologies of the epitope of both LmeIF and LI-helicase proteins and striking identity in the local disposition of the charged groups. An animated Interactive 3D Complement (I3DC) is available in Proteopedia at http://proteopedia.org/w/Journal:JBSD:7
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Finland
Creators: name: Rosin, Annika
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; Lay-offs; Unemployment Benefits; Probationary Period; Re-employment

description: The amendments of labour and social law provisions adopted due to Covid-19 in Finland reflect balancing the interests of the employers and the employees. The measures adopted have been agreed with labour market organisations. On one hand, the Government has aimed to maintain jobs by broadening the possibilities for temporary lay-off, on the other hand, the livelihood of employees has been guaranteed by unemployment benefits. Also, the flexibilization of the employment contract during probationary period has been accompanied with the stricter rules concerning the re-employment of the dismissed employee. Finally, the Government has broadened the unemployment security to entrepreneurs, that has especially contributed to the livelihood of self-employed entrepreneurs.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Cartilha Meio Ambiente Informa - Trabalhando Sustentabilidade com Crianças
Creators: name: Cabrini, Tatiana M. B.
name: Xavier Reis, Sofia
name: Neves, Raquel A. F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Este produto técnico integra o projeto interinstitucional Meio Ambiente Informa, desenvolvido pela Pró-Reitoria de Extensão e Cultura (ProExC) da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) e pelo Instituto Realizando o Futuro (IRF) sob convênio n° 941759/2023 e processo n° 23102.002348/2023-93.
Hoja de ruta sobre indización de documentos según la Metodología LILACS
Creators: name: Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde
name: Vicente Amaral, Diane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: HJoja de ruta (roadmap) con los contenidos de indización de documentos según la Metodología LILACS
Financial Structures and Egalitarian Economic Policy
Creators: name: Pollin, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 1995

description: In various incarnations, egalitarianism has been a fundamental concern of economic policy for most of the twentieth century. The egalitarian impulse—and its corollary, opposition to the stark inequalities of free market capitalism—was embodied in both Soviet-style socialism and socialdemocratic Keynesianism as they developed, primarily in the first quartercentury after the end of World War II. Both models achieved major successes in a range of countries, especially through the 1960s. Countries with Soviettype economies attained high growth rates and the majority of people living in them enjoyed rising living standards, including income, job, health and housing security. The social-democratic/Keynesian approach also succeeded in reducing inequality, increasing security, as well as contributing to the dampening of the capitalist business cycle.
R code for Driscoll et al 2024 Nature.R
Creators: name: Driscoll, Don
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410102
subject: Ecological impacts of climate change and ecological adaptation
classificationCode: 410205
subject: Fire ecology
classificationCode: 410401
subject: Conservation and biodiversity

description: This is the code used to complete the analysis in the paper. The code can be run from section 2 using one of the associated .csv datasets. You will need to adjust the file paths and some other settings in the code before you run it which is explained in the #code notes.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Nigeria
Creators: name: Odiase, Philip Osarobo
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; Remote Work; Layoffs; Informal Workers; Healthcare Workers

description: Despite the recondite nature of covid-19, Nigeria government relied on the provisions of the Quarantine Act 1926 to prevent and contain its spread. In line with the Act, emergency regulations were issued along with other emergency measures. Some of these measures are impacting workers and working conditions negatively. So far, government’s efforts at mitigating the impact on workers have been concerned with workers in the public and organized private sectors; leaving out vulnerable workers in the informal economy.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Slow Growth, Destructive Competition, and Low Road Labor Relations: A Keynes-Marx-Schumpeter Analysis of Neoliberal Globalization
Creators: name: Crotty, James
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2000

description: This essay begins with a brief overview of the standard arguments for and against global Neoliberalism and an overview of economic performance in the Neoliberal era. Section II argues that the micro theory appropriate to an analysis of the likely effects of global liberalization is not the neoclassical theory of perfectly competitive markets relied on by Neoliberal supporters, but Joseph Schumpeter’s theory of “natural oligopolies.” Section III presents a theory of the structural contradictions of global Neoliberalism that integrates a Keynesian-Marxian macro perspective with Schumpeterian and Marxian micro theory. The last section considers the political and policy 1implications of the analysis.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Kenya
Creators: name: Osiki, Abigail
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; Tax relief; Micro, Small and Medium enterprises; Informal economy

description: The Kenyan government has implemented some measures to counter the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the economy and labour market. However, the most significant shortcoming lies in the lack of targeted protection for the informal economy. The national curfew and partial lockdown –in some areas –disrupted economic activities for informal workers who are mainly daily wage earners. In addition, the government has not developed rescue measures for businesses that have ceased operations as a result of the pandemic.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Threat Effects and the Impact of Capital Mobility on Wages and Public Finances: Developing a Research Agenda
Creators: name: Epstein, Gerald
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2000

description: The impact of increased openness to trade, financial flows and foreign direct investment on the distribution of costs and benefits from globalization remains a controversial and poorly understood subject, despite an enormous amount of research undertaken by economists and other social scientists in recent years.(See, Baker, Epstein, Pollin, 1998; Journal of Economic Perspectives, 1995 for recent discussions of many of these issues). Among the most important and most studied issues is the impact of globalization on inequality and the related issue of the impact of globalization on the roles governments choose to play and on their ability to achieve their goals.
Meu Diário da Hortinha
Creators: name: Cabrini, Tatiana M. B.
name: Xavier Reis, Sofia
name: Neves, Raquel A. F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Este produto técnico integra o projeto interinstitucional Meio Ambiente Informa, desenvolvido pela Pró-Reitoria de Extensão e Cultura (ProExC) da Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO) e pelo Instituto Realizando o Futuro (IRF) sob convênio n° 941759/2023 e processo n° 23102.002348/2023-93.
COVID-19 and Labour Law: Argentina
Creators: name: Chiuffo, Facundo Martin
Publisher: name: Italian Labour Law e-Journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19; Labour Law; Telework; Employment Protection; Health and Safety; Income Support; Social Protection

description: Argentina has had a profound regulatory activity to counteract the coronavirus pandemic so far. Based on the experience of other countries, a strict lockdown was put into place at an early stage, which has been opening up slowly but gradually. Telework was recommended and a benefits program for affected businesses was implemented to ensure the payment of social security and salaries. A temporary prohibition of dismissals and suspensions was taken to protect employment and workers’ income. Regarding essential workers, COVID-19 has been deemed as an occupational disease for additional protection. Social protection was reinforced and an emergency family income for vulnerable groups was implemented, between other measures.
description: Italian Labour Law e-Journal, Vol 13, No 1S (2020): Special Issue: Covid-19 and Labour Law. A Global Review
Globalization, Inequality and Financial Instability: Confronting the Marx, Keynes and Polanyi Problems in Advanced Capitalist Economies
Creators: name: Pollin, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2000

description: Over the past 20 years, a widespread perception has emerged that a new stage has been reached in the relationship between capitalism and the nation-state.  Globalization is the umbrella term—indeed the ubiquitous buzzword—conveying a sense the sense that a fundamental transformation is occurring in the contemporary world economy.  Governments and opposition political parties around the world rewrite their economic programs to take account of the perceived new realities engendered by globalization.   Books, articles (including this one) and editorial pronouncements all pour forth.
Reclaiming Brownfields: From Corporate Liability to Community Asset
Creators: name: Dixon, K. A.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2000

description: As the U.S. economy continues to march through its longest peacetime economic expansion in history, most urban areas are experiencing healthy levels of economic activity and growth, and many cities are engaging in ambitious redevelopment and revitalization projects. Yet a strong economy does not necessarily translate into income or asset growth for all people. The benefits of the current economic boom have often bypassed impoverished communities in the midst of American cities (Clarke and Gaile 1995, 163).
Dominant-negative effects in prion diseases: insights from molecular dynamics simulations on mouse prion protein chimeras
Creators: name: Giachin, Gabriele
name: Carloni, Paolo
name: Legname, Giuseppe
name: Xiaojing Cong
name: Bongarzone, Salvatore
name: Rossetti, Giulia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2013
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: Mutations in the prion protein (PrP) can cause spontaneous prion diseases in humans (Hu) and animals. In transgenic mice, mutations can determine the susceptibility to the infection of different prion strains. Some of these mutations also show a dominant-negative effect, thus halting the replication process by which wild type mouse (Mo) PrP is converted into Mo scrapie. Using all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, here we studied the structure of HuPrP, MoPrP, 10 Hu/MoPrP chimeras, and 1 Mo/sheepPrP chimera in explicit solvent. Overall, ∼2 μs of MD were collected. Our findings suggest that the interactions between α1 helix and N-terminal of α3 helix are critical in prion propagation, whereas the β2–α2 loop conformation plays a role in the dominant-negative effect. An animated Interactive 3D Complement (I3DC) is available in Proteopedia at http://proteopedia.org/w/Journal:JBSD:4.
Globalization and Redistribution: Feasible Egalitarianism in a Competitve World
Creators: name: Bowles, Samuel
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2000

description: A reduction of impediments to international flows of goods,
capital and professional labor is thought to raise the economic costs of
programs by the nation state (and labor unions) to redistribute income
to the poor and to provide economic security. But some of the more
politically and economically successful examples of such policies --
for example Nordic social democracy and East Asian land reform--
have occurred in small open economies which would, on the above
account, provide a prohibitive environment for egalitarian
interventions. I present a model of globalization and redistribution to
answer the following question: in a liberalized world economy, what
programs of egalitarian redistribution and social insurance are
implementable by democratic nation states acting independently?
While in the absence of international coordination, globalization
indeed makes it difficult for nation states to affect the relative
(after tax) prices of mobile goods and factors of production and for
this and other reasons may limit the effectiveness of some conventional
strategies of redistribution, a large class of state and trade union
interventions leading to substantial improvements in the wages,
employment prospects, and economic security of workers is not ruled
out by globalization. Included are redistributions of assets which
provide efficient solutions to incentive problems arising in principal
agent relationships such as wage employment, farm and residential
tenancy.
Influence of divalent magnesium ion on DNA: molecular dynamics simulation studies
Creators: name: Sanchita Mukherjee
name: Dhananjay Bhattacharyya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2013
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: A large amount of experimental evidence is available on the effect of magnesium ions on the structure and stability of DNA double helix. Less is known, however, on how these ions affect the stability and dynamics of the molecule. The static time average pictures from X-ray structures or the quantum chemical energy minimized structures lack understanding of the dynamic DNA–ion interaction. The present work addresses these questions by molecular dynamics simulation studies on two DNA duplexes and their interaction with magnesium ions. Results show typical B-DNA character with occasional excursions to deviated states. We detected expected stability of the duplexes in terms of backbone conformations and base pair parameter by the CHARMM-27 force field. Ion environment analysis shows that Mg2+ retains the coordination sphere throughout the simulation with a preference for major groove over minor. An extensive analysis of the influence of the Mg2+ ion shows no evidence of the popular predictions of groove width narrowing by dipositive metal ion. The major groove atoms show higher occupancy and residence time compared to minor groove for magnesium, where no such distinction is found for the charge neutralizing Na+ ions. The determining factor of Mg2+ ion’s choice in DNA binding site evolves as the steric hindrance faced by the bulky hexahydrated cation where wider major groove gets the preference. We have shown that in case of binding of Mg2+ to DNA non electrostatic contributions play a major role. An animated Interactive 3D Complement (I3DC) is available in Proteopedia at http://proteopedia.org/w/Journal:JBSD:5
Problems of Poverty and Marginalization
Creators: name: Griffin, Keith
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2000

description: Strange as it may seem, mainstream neoclassical economics has no concept of poverty.  The concept used in neoclassical economics is utility or economic welfare, which following Pigou often is limited to those things which can be subjected to “the measuring rod of money”.  It is assumed individuals attempt to maximize utility or welfare subject to a constraint, such as income.  From an analytical perspective the level of utility, or the level of such things as wellbeing, income or expenditure is irrelevant; there is no notion in economics of insufficiency and hence of poverty.  This is rather odd.  None the less, if one overlooks this curiosity of economics and accepts the dictionary definition of poverty as “the state of one who lacks a usual or socially acceptable amount of money or material possessions,” then two important implications follow.
Building Social Capital to Protect Natural Capital: The Quest for Environmental Justice
Creators: name: Pastor, Manuel
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: Across the United States, the concept of environmental justice has been gaining ground. Initially defined in the negative – a reduction in the disproportionate exposure of minority residents to various hazards – environmental justice advocates often took as a first task raising awareness of environmental disparities both nationally and locally. In this effort, activists have had success at changing policies as well as projects. In 1994, for example, President Clinton acknowledged the issue in a Presidential Executive Order directing all federal agencies to take into account the potentially disproportionate burdens on U.S. minority communities of pollution or hazard siting. In 1998, the Southern California Air Quality Management District created a local Task Force on Environmental Justice, partly in response to a lawsuit filed by community advocates who contended that the District’s permit trading system was leading to “hot spots” in minority neighborhoods.
Defending the Public Domain: Pollution, Subsidies and Poverty
Creators: name: Templet, Paul H.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: In recent decades, industry has come under criticism for failing to cover the environmental costs of doing businesses. When companies are allowed to pollute, or to use natural resources without paying their full price, they are in effect appropriating natural capital – land, air, and water – without compensation to society at large.
The Sanctity of Property Rights in American History
Creators: name: Friedman, Gerald
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: Society makes property. Economic systems are defined by what they allow to become property, and the extent of property varies enormously. Some allow property claims to fixed objects, such as land and trees, sometimes including the ephemeral, such as wildlife or flowing water. Some extend property to include ideas (patents); a few include human beings themselves as chattel slaves.
Exploration of protein–protein interaction effects on α-2-macroglobulin in an inhibition of serine protease through gene expression and molecular simulations studies
Creators: name: Sivakamavalli, Jeyachandran
name: Chandrabose Selvaraj
name: Singh, Sanjeev Kumar
name: Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: Molecular Biology

description: In Prophenoloxidase (ProPO) cascade, two targets namely serine protease and α-2-macroglobulin are key regulators involved in the defense system of crustaceans. In biological systems, routine role of cell systems requires the understanding in protein–protein interactions through experimental and theoretical concepts, which might yield useful insights into the cellular responses. Response of cells to regulating the immune system is governed by the interactions-involved biomolecular simulations. Unfortunately, studies on the inhibitors (SP and α-2M) that negatively regulate the proPO system or melanization in penaeid shrimp are not yet available. In order to understand how these interactions change the proPO mechanism in Indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus was determined. In F. indicus, innate immune system is in a sensitive balance of intricate interactions; elucidating these interactions by the integration of in silico and in vitro has great potential. We have determined the expression of both the SP and α-2M enzymes in regulatory mechanism, which are analyzed through qRT-PCR, protein–protein docking, and simulation studies. From this work, we propose a novel approach for studying an organism at the systems level by integrating genome-wide computational analysis and the gene expression data.
title: Overview of the issues raised by ship modularity's introduction into the law of the sea: Völkerrechtliche Tagesthemen 26
Creators: name: Margat, Paul
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 341

description: Ship modularity represents the possibility to adopt easier and more flexible building processes as well as a greater adaptability to different missions carried out by a vessel. It also provides a ship with a greater life expectancy thanks to the swift replacement of standardised components. Thus, such processes find application at different stages of a ship’s life from its conception to its actual service. Several ship classes – civil and military - already apply such concepts in their design or missions in such a manner that arguably does not challenge preexisting rules on ship security. However, the future of shipbuilding could push modularity further by involving essential features of a vessel during its operational life such as its technical properties or its functionality. This kind of development would fundamentally question the core conception of ships underlying the drafting of conventions such as the one on the safety of life at sea (SOLAS) and in turn, the role played by classification societies responsible for ensuring the proper application of technical standards by ships. The presentation will try to establish an overview of the issues different types of ship modularity may raise, from the very definition of the concept to its compatibility with today’s law of the sea.
description: Völkerrechtsblog
Threat Effects and the Internationalization of Production
Creators: name: Burke, James
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: Multinational corporations (MNCs) have become an increasingly important force in the dynamics of the global economy. For example, according to the United Nations, during the last 20 years, the gross product of the foreign affiliates of multinational corporations increased faster than global GDP while foreign affiliate sales increased faster than global exports.  Sales of foreign affiliates worldwide ($14 trillion in 1999 versus just $3 trillion in 1980) are now nearly twice as large as global exports. And the ratio of world FDI stock to world GDP increased from 5% to 16% during the last twenty years. Taking into account both their international and national production, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development estimates that multinational corporations produced about 25% of the world's GDP in 1999. ( UNCTAD, World Investment Report, 2000, p. xv).
Financial Markets and Economic Development in Africa
Creators: name: Ndikumana, Léonce
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001

description: The role of financial markets in economic development continues to attract increasing attention both in academia and among policy-makers.1  Evidence from recent empirical studies suggests that deeper, broader, and better functioning financial markets can stimulate higher economic growth (Levine, Loayza and Beck 2000; Beck, Levine, and Loayza 1999; King and Levine 1993a, 1993b).  Although evidence on Africa is still limited, the results from existing empirical work supports the view that financial development has a positive effect on economic growth in African countries (Ndikumana 2000; Allen and Ndikumana 2000; Gelbard and Leite 1999; Odedokun 1996; Spears 1992).  The discussion of strategies for enhancing African economic development must therefore take into account the role of the financial sector in economic development.