cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Sexual Activity and Pregnancy among Unmarried Young Women in Urban Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
Creators: name: Speizer, Ilene S.
name: Okigbo, Chinelo C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ObjectivesWith age of marriage rising in Kenya, the period between onset of puberty and first marriage has increased, resulting in higher rates of premarital sexual activity and pregnancy. We assessed the determinants of sexual activity and pregnancy among young unmarried women in urban Kenya.MethodsBaseline data from five urban areas in Kenya (Nairobi, Mombasa, Kisumu, Machakos, and Kakamega) collected in 2010 by the Measurement, Learning & Evaluation project were used. Women aged 15-24 years, who had never been married, and were not living with a male partner at the time of survey (weighted n=2020) were included. Using weighted, multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression and logistic regression analyses, we assessed factors associated with three outcome measures: time to first sex, time to first pregnancy, and teenage pregnancy.ResultsOne-half of our sample had ever had sex; the mean age at first sex among the sexually-experienced was 17.7 (± 2.6) years. About 15% had ever been pregnant; mean age at first pregnancy was 18.3 (±2.2) years. Approximately 11% had a teenage pregnancy. Three-quarters (76%) of those who had ever been pregnant (weighted n=306) reported the pregnancy was unwanted at the time. Having secondary education was associated with a later time to first sex and first pregnancy. In addition, religion, religiosity, and employment status were associated with time to first sex while city of residence, household size, characteristics of household head, family planning knowledge and misconceptions, and early sexual debut were significantly associated with time to first pregnancy. Education, city of residence, household wealth, early sexual debut, and contraceptive use at sexual debut were associated with teenage pregnancy for those 20-24 years.ConclusionUnderstanding risk and protective factors of youth sexual and reproductive health can inform programs to improve young people’s long-term potential by avoiding early and unintended pregnancies.
Developing the Evidence Base to Inform Best Practice: A Scoping Study of Breast and Cervical Cancer Reviews in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Creators: name: McIntosh, Scott
name: Smith, Jennifer S.
name: Dykens, J. Andrew
name: Demment, Margaret M.
name: De Ver Dye, Timothy
name: Khaliq, Mahmooda
name: Blumenfeld, Rachel
name: Dozier, Ann
name: Peters, Karen
name: Fogg, Thomas T.
name: Massoudi, Mehran
name: Nawaz, Haq
name: Irwin, Tracy
name: Sy, Angela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BackgroundBreast and cervical cancers have emerged as major global health challenges and disproportionately lead to excess morbidity and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) when compared to high-income countries. The objective of this paper was to highlight key findings, recommendations, and gaps in research and practice identified through a scoping study of recent reviews in breast and cervical cancer in LMICs.MethodsWe conducted a scoping study based on the six-stage framework of Arskey and O’Malley. We searched PubMed, Cochrane Reviews, and CINAHL with the following inclusion criteria: 1) published between 2005-February 2015, 2) focused on breast or cervical cancer 3) focused on LMIC, 4) review article, and 5) published in English.ResultsThrough our systematic search, 63 out of the 94 identified cervical cancer reviews met our selection criteria and 36 of the 54 in breast cancer. Cervical cancer reviews were more likely to focus upon prevention and screening, while breast cancer reviews were more likely to focus upon treatment and survivorship. Few of the breast cancer reviews referenced research and data from LMICs themselves; cervical cancer reviews were more likely to do so. Most reviews did not include elements of the PRISMA checklist.ConclusionOverall, a limited evidence base supports breast and cervical cancer control in LMICs. Further breast and cervical cancer prevention and control studies are necessary in LMICs.
Additional file 1 of Shape-aware stochastic neighbor embedding for robust data visualisations
Creators: name: Wängberg, Tobias
name: Tyrcha, Joanna
name: Li, Chun-Biu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. PDF file containing the Appendix.
Louisa May Alcott’s Rhetoric of Love
Creators: name: Daniele, Daniela
name: Et Al.
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: Introduction to the Serialised Forum Louisa May Alcott’s Rhetoric of Love: A Forum on the 13th Meeting of the European Study Group of Nineteenth-Century American Literature Coordinator: Daniela Daniele Participants: Martha Saxton, Lorraine Tosiello, Jelena Šesnić, Cécile Roudeau, Julia Nitz, Asunción López-Varela, Mariana Net, Michaela Keck, Etti Gordon Ginzburg, Verena Laschinger, Aušra Paulauskienė, H.J.E. Champion, Azelina Flint, Ralph J. Poole, Marlowe Daly-Galeano
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Development and Implementation of the National Cancer Institute’s Food Attitudes and Behaviors Survey to Assess Correlates of Fruit and Vegetable Intake in Adults
Creators: name: Nebeling, Linda C.
name: Resnicow, Ken
name: Moser, Richard P.
name: Yaroch, Amy L.
name: Pinard, Courtney A.
name: Oh, April Y.
name: Erinosho, Temitope O.
name: Shaikh, Abdul R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BackgroundLow fruit and vegetable (FV) intake is a leading risk factor for chronic disease globally as well as in the United States. Much of the population does not consume the recommended servings of FV daily. This paper describes the development of psychosocial measures of FV intake for inclusion in the U.S. National Cancer Institute’s 2007 Food Attitudes and Behaviors Survey.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study among 3,397 adults from the United States.Scales included conventional constructs shown to be correlated with fruit and vegetable intake (FVI) in prior studies (e.g., self-efficacy, social support), and novel constructs that have been measured in few- to- no studies (e.g., views on vegetarianism, neophobia). FVI was assessed with an eight-item screener. Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach’s alpha, and regression analyses were conducted.ResultsPsychosocial scales with Cronbach’s alpha ≥0.68 were self-efficacy, social support, perceived barriers and benefits of eating FVs, views on vegetarianism, autonomous and controlled motivation, and preference for FVs. Conventional scales that were associated (p<0.05) with FVI were self-efficacy, social support, and perceived barriers to eating FVs. Novel scales that were associated (p<0.05) with FVI were autonomous motivation, and preference for vegetables. Other single items that were associated (p<0.05) with FVI included knowledge of FV recommendations, FVI “while growing up”, and daily water consumption.ConclusionThese findings may inform future behavioral interventions as well as further exploration of other potential factors to promote and support FVI.
Beyond the (Ka)Boom
Creators: name: Becker, Sandra
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: 2019 has seen the celebration of HBO’s nuclear disaster miniseries Chernobyl, breaking any series’ rating records. However, Chernobyl is far from the only twenty-first-century fictional TV series addressing a nuclear topic. Central to series including Jericho, 24, and The Man in the High Castle, narratives involving nuclear bombs have been booming in the widely celebrated age of Quality TV. Less well-known though are the close cultural-historic relations of television and nuclear weaponry in the United States. This article sheds light on the connection between the A-bomb and the medium of television, exposing how the two technologies historically promoted whiteness and male greatness that echo in today’s atomic nostalgia and the longing for a lost past of US nuclear power and unquestioned white, male dominance. It argues that Manhattan, a short-run period drama series telling the story of a team of scientists in the race to build the first US nuclear bomb in Los Alamos in the 1940s, differs from other nostalgic period dramas due to its critical take on questions about (toxic) masculinity and on what defines “great men” in history. The series therefore represents an exceptional case of anti-nostalgic, transgressive Quality TV in a time of regressive, polarized politics in the United States.
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Differential Regulation of 6- and 7-Transmembrane Helix Variants of μ-Opioid Receptor in Response to Morphine Stimulation
Creators: name: Samoshkin, Alexander
name: Sharif-Naeini, Reza
name: Schmidt, Brian L.
name: Gauthier, Josee
name: Convertino, Marino
name: Maixner, William
name: Li Fraine, Steven P.
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
name: Diatchenko, Luda
name: Viet, Chi T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The pharmacological effect of opioids originates, at the cellular level, by their interaction with the μ-opioid receptor (mOR) resulting in the regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and inwardly rectifying K+ channels that ultimately modulate the synaptic transmission. Recently, an alternative six trans-membrane helix isoform of mOR, (6TM-mOR) has been identified, but its function and signaling are still largely unknown. Here, we present the structural and functional mechanisms of 6TM-mOR signaling activity upon binding to morphine. Our data suggest that despite the similarity of binding modes of the alternative 6TM-mOR and the dominant seven trans-membrane helix variant (7TM-mOR), the interaction with morphine generates different dynamic responses in the two receptors, thus, promoting the activation of different mOR-specific signaling pathways. We characterize a series of 6TM-mOR-specific cellular responses, and observed that they are significantly different from those for 7TM-mOR. Morphine stimulation of 6TM-mOR does not promote a cellular cAMP response, while it increases the intracellular Ca2+ concentration and reduces the cellular K+ conductance. Our findings indicate that 6TM-mOR has a unique contribution to the cellular opioid responses. Therefore, it should be considered as a relevant target for the development of novel pharmacological tools and medical protocols involving the use of opioids.
Spaceship Earth
Creators: name: M. Knoblauch, William
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: Over two decades into the atomic age, a group of futurists, science fiction writers and forward-thinking environmentalists began to consider how humanity might survive after earth. Their plans ranged from ecologically-safe spaceships to satellite-based societies. They were inspired by the real possibility of an earth left inhabitable, either by nuclear war or ecological devastation. From the mid-1960s to the early 1970s, a small number of visionaries established tropes and plans that remained in popular culture well after the Cold War. This essay examines those ideas and their representations in film, television, and literature, and shows the staying power of “spaceship earth” from the 1960s up to the present day.
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Southern Wastelands
Creators: name: Petrelli, Marco
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: The southern United States have historically been depicted as a quintessential American Eden. In foundational works like John Smith’s Generall Historie of Virginia and Thomas Jefferson’s Notes on the State of Virginia the southern states elicit comparison with a luxuriant natural paradise and, after Jefferson’s treatise, an eco-democratic utopia. Not until recently literature has adopted the region as a post-apocalyptic locale, with some (still sporadic) examples in which the image of the garden has been replaced with that of a deathscape. When it comes to specifically post-atomic backgrounds, instances are even scarcer. About the only novels that investigate the collapse of the South’s Edenic imagination through bomb-related scenarios are Pat Frank’s Alas, Babylon and Cormac McCarthy’s The Road. While Frank’s novel is a classic (and stereotypical) Cold-War apocalyptic novel from the 1950s, McCarthy’s re-inscribes that psychological atmosphere into a contemporary ecological, existentialist, and political narrative, reviving the A-Bomb milieu without making any clear reference to an actual atomic aftermath. Drawing equally from postapocalyptic culture, social criticism, and the theory of narrative spaces, this essay compares these two depictions of the American South as a dystopian post-atomic wasteland in order to map the evolution of southern literature’s relationship with the bomb.
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Evolution of Urban Search & Rescue (USAR) operations with remote sensing and information management via emerging ICT and robotics technologies for field deployment
Creators: name: Georgiou, Harris
name: Vlachopoulos, Alexios
name: Andriopoulou, Anastasia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: SYNERGISE: A novel integrated SYstem of Systems streNgthening tEchnical and logistical capacities to ensure better Response to emerGencies by synergIStically addrEssing FRs capability gaps (presentation).
Additional file 2 of Shape-aware stochastic neighbor embedding for robust data visualisations
Creators: name: Wängberg, Tobias
name: Tyrcha, Joanna
name: Li, Chun-Biu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2. PDF file containing supporting figures S1–S7.
Dissecting Allele Architecture of Early Onset IBD Using High-Density Genotyping
Creators: name: Okou, David T.
name: Mack, David
name: Markowitz, James
name: Rosh, Joel
name: Stephens, Michael
name: Prince, Jarod
name: Hyams, Jeffrey S.
name: Kumar, Archana
name: Keljo, David J.
name: Cutler, David J.
name: Bohnsack, John F.
name: Moulton, Dedrick
name: Kellermayer, Richard
name: Ramachandran, Dhanya
name: Heyman, Melvin B.
name: Haberman, Yael
name: Pfefferkorn, Marian
name: Aronow, Bruce
name: Baldassano, Robert
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Griffiths, Anne M.
name: Dubinsky, Marla
name: Guthery, Stephen L.
name: Zwick, Michael E.
name: Bose, Promita
name: Crandall, Wallace V.
name: Thompson, Susan D.
name: Walters, Thomas
name: Mondal, Kajari
name: LeLeiko, Neal
name: Prahalad, Sampath
name: Essers, Jonah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BackgroundThe inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are common, complex disorders in which genetic and environmental factors are believed to interact leading to chronic inflammatory responses against the gut microbiota. Earlier genetic studies performed in mostly adult population of European descent identified 163 loci affecting IBD risk, but most have relatively modest effect sizes, and altogether explain only ~20% of the genetic susceptibility. Pediatric onset represents about 25% of overall incident cases in IBD, characterized by distinct disease physiology, course and risks. The goal of this study is to compare the allelic architecture of early onset IBD with adult onset in population of European descent.MethodsWe performed a fine mapping association study of early onset IBD using high-density Immunochip genotyping on 1008 pediatric-onset IBD cases (801 Crohn’s disease; 121 ulcerative colitis and 86 IBD undetermined) and 1633 healthy controls. Of the 158 SNP genotypes obtained (out of the 163 identified in adult onset), this study replicated 4% (5 SNPs out of 136) of the SNPs identified in the Crohn’s disease (CD) cases and 0.8% (1 SNP out of 128) in the ulcerative colitis (UC) cases. Replicated SNPs implicated the well known NOD2 and IL23R. The point estimate for the odds ratio (ORs) for NOD2 was above and outside the confidence intervals reported in adult onset. A polygenic liability score weakly predicted the age of onset for a larger collection of CD cases (p< 0.03, R2= 0.007), but not for the smaller number of UC cases.ConclusionsThe allelic architecture of common susceptibility variants for early onset IBD is similar to that of adult onset. This immunochip genotyping study failed to identify additional common variants that may explain the distinct phenotype that characterize early onset IBD. A comprehensive dissection of genetic loci is necessary to further characterize the genetic architecture of early onset IBD.
Apocalyptic Allegories
Creators: name: Roy, Dibyadyuti
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: Eschatological expressions underwent an epistemic shift with the Trinity tests on July 16, 1945 from an imaginative practice of predicting futurity to a cataclysmic vision of complete annihilation. Motifs of literacy, while seldom discussed, share a self-reflexive relation with nuclearization and cultural productions of the apocalypse, since the specialized nature of nuclear technology transforms nuclear discourses into signifiers of power: a form of cultural capital that emerges from and simultaneously legitimizes nuclear weapons. This intervention emphasizes how the epistemic violence of strategic nuclear imaginaries – employed through the constant anxiety of an anticipated nuclear catastrophe – can be countered through a critical literacy opposed to both martial ideologies as well as the instrumentalization of weaponized nuclear technology. Considering the current turbulence of an always already global nuclear landscape, this article examines two contemporary cinematic renderings of post-nuclear apocalyptic spaces, The Book of Eli (2010) and The Matrix (1999), to argue that any act of culturally representing/articulating the nuclear disaster is always an act of tangible recovery. In conclusion, I note that by uncovering the terrible realities of nuclear conflict and the dehumanization implicit in sophisticated techno-strategic paradigms, these artifacts from American nuclear culture, which are also coextensive with nuclear countercultures everywhere, show the emancipatory possibilities of humane community-oriented critical literacies.
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Dried Blood Spots for Viral Load Monitoring in Malawi: Feasible and Effective
Creators: name: Sarr, Abdoulaye
name: Kamwendo, Deborah
name: Mataya, Ronald
name: Rutstein, Sarah E.
name: Wheeler, Stephanie B.
name: Mwenda, Reuben
name: Chimbwandira, Frank
name: Soko, Alice
name: Kamiza, Steve
name: Biddle, Andrea K.
name: Miller, William C.
name: Gupta, Sundeep
name: Hosseinipour, Mina C.
name: Weinberger, Morris
name: Hoffman, Irving
name: Mkandawire, Memory
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of dried blood spots (DBS) use for viral load (VL) monitoring, describing patient outcomes and programmatic challenges that are relevant for DBS implementation in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodsWe recruited adult antiretroviral therapy (ART) patients from five district hospitals in Malawi. Eligibility reflected anticipated Ministry of Health VL monitoring criteria. Testing was conducted at a central laboratory. Virological failure was defined as >5000 copies/ml. Primary outcomes were program feasibility (timely result availability and patient receipt) and effectiveness (second-line therapy initiation).ResultsWe enrolled 1,498 participants; 5.9% were failing at baseline. Median time from enrollment to receipt of results was 42 days; 79.6% of participants received results within 3 months. Among participants with confirmed elevated VL, 92.6% initiated second-line therapy; 90.7% were switched within 365 days of VL testing. Nearly one-third (30.8%) of participants with elevated baseline VL had suppressed (<5,000 copies/ml) on confirmatory testing. Median period between enrollment and specimen testing was 23 days. Adjusting for relevant covariates, participants on ART >4 years were more likely to be failing than participants on therapy 1–4 years (RR 1.7, 95% CI 1.0-2.8); older participants were less likely to be failing (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.98). There was no difference in likelihood of failure based on clinical symptoms (RR 1.17, 95% CI 0.65-2.11).ConclusionsDBS for VL monitoring is feasible and effective in real-world clinical settings. Centralized DBS testing may increase access to VL monitoring in remote settings. Programmatic outcomes are encouraging, especially proportion of eligible participants switched to second-line therapy.
Islands of The Bomb
Creators: name: A. Hanson, Todd
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: With the approach in 2021 of the 75th anniversary of Operation Crossroads – America’s first atomic tests in the Marshall Islands – the Bikini Atoll finds itself in a contested place in the global nuclear imaginary. Introduced into the world’s consciousness in 1946 as an atomic bomb testing site, Bikini was used to test the United States’ most powerful nuclear weapons until 1958. Littered with monumental concrete ruins when relinquished back to its indigenous inhabitants, the Bikini islandscape had endured unprecedented misuse during the twelve-year nuclear occupation. Exploring the constructive/destructive duality of America’s Cold War occupation of Bikini Atoll, this paper employs archaeological evidence to reveal the profound transformation that construction and nuclear violence had upon the Bikini islandscape as it seeks to support the Bikini people’s ongoing efforts to authenticate, demythologize, and safeguard their homeland in the real world and the current and future nuclear imaginary. Dispossessed of their ancestral home by nuclear hegemony, the Bikini people have sought to reimagine their Atoll in the nuclear imaginary as both the birthplace of the hydrogen bomb and a physical manifestation of twentieth-century nuclear imperialism.
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Ecuador’s Mangrove Forest Carbon Stocks: A Spatiotemporal Analysis of Living Carbon Holdings and Their Depletion since the Advent of Commercial Aquaculture
Creators: name: Hamilton, Stuart E.
name: Lovette, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In this paper we estimate the living carbon lost from Ecuador’s mangrove forests since the advent of export-focused shrimp aquaculture. We use remote sensing techniques to delineate the extent of mangroves and aquaculture at approximately decadal periods since the arrival of aquaculture in each Ecuadorian estuary. We then spatiotemporally calculate the carbon values of the mangrove forests and estimate the amount of carbon lost due to direct displacement by aquaculture. Additionally, we calculate the new carbon stocks generated due to mangrove reforestation or afforestation. This research introduces time and LUCC (land use / land cover change) into the tropical forest carbon literature and examines forest carbon loss at a higher spatiotemporal resolution than in many earlier analyses. We find that 80 percent, or 7,014,517 t of the living carbon lost in Ecuadorian mangrove forests can be attributed to direct displacement of mangrove forests by shrimp aquaculture. We also find that IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) compliant carbon grids within Ecuador’s estuaries overestimate living carbon levels in estuaries where substantial LUCC has occurred. By approaching the mangrove forest carbon loss question from a LUCC perspective, these findings allow for tropical nations and other intervention agents to prioritize and target a limited set of land transitions that likely drive the majority of carbon losses. This singular cause of transition has implications for programs that attempt to offset or limit future forest carbon losses and place value on forest carbon or other forest good and services.
Educational Attainment Influences Levels of Homozygosity through Migration and Assortative Mating
Creators: name: Davies, Gareth E.
name: Brooks, Andrew
name: Bartels, Meike
name: de Geus, Eco J.
name: Hottenga, Jouke-Jan
name: Sullivan, Patrick F.
name: van Beijsterveldt, Toos
name: Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.
name: Willemsen, Gonneke
name: Ehli, Erik A.
name: Abdellaoui, Abdel
name: Boomsma, Dorret I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Individuals with a higher education are more likely to migrate, increasing the chance of meeting a spouse with a different ancestral background. In this context, the presence of strong educational assortment can result in greater ancestry differences within more educated spouse pairs, while less educated individuals are more likely to mate with someone with whom they share more ancestry. We examined the association between educational attainment and Froh (= the proportion of the genome consisting of runs of homozygosity [ROHs]) in ~2,000 subjects of Dutch ancestry. The subjects’ own educational attainment showed a nominally significant negative association with Froh (p = .045), while the contribution of parental education to offspring Froh was highly significant (father: p < 10-5; mother: p = 9×10-5), with more educated parents having offspring with fewer ROHs. This association was significantly and fully mediated by the physical distance between parental birthplaces (paternal education: pmediation = 2.4 × 10-4; maternal education: pmediation = 2.3 × 10-4), which itself was also significantly associated with Froh (p = 9 × 10-5). Ancestry-informative principal components from the offspring showed a significantly decreasing association with geography as parental education increased, consistent with the significantly higher migration rates among more educated parents. Parental education also showed a high spouse correlation (Spearman’s ρ = .66, p = 3 × 10-262). We show that less educated parents are less likely to mate with the more mobile parents with a higher education, creating systematic differences in homozygosity due to ancestry differences not directly captured by ancestry-informative principal components (PCs). Understanding how behaviors influence the genomic structure of a population is highly valuable for studies on the genetic etiology of behavioral, cognitive, and social traits.
title: Clustering of inference algorithms in communication networks
title: Ομαδοποίηση αλγορίθμων συμπερασμού σε δίκτυα επικοινωνιών
Creators: name: Καριωτακης Εμμανουηλ
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: This work offers an algorithmic framework for in-network inference, using message passing among ambiently powered wireless sensor network (WSN) terminals. The stochastic nature of ambient energy harvesting dictates intermittent operation of each WSN terminal and as such, the message passing inference algorithms should be robust to asynchronous operation. A version of Gaussian Belief Algorithm (GBP) is described, which can be reduced to an affine fixed point (AFP) problem, used to solve linear systems of equations. To achieve this, we have to cluster the Probabilistic Graphical Model (PGM) behind GBP, in order to map it to the WSN terminals. We propose two different clustering approaches, namely edge and node clustering. For the first approach, we explain the reasons why a previous method does not produce the expected results and we offer another method, which performs better. We also explain limitations of edge-based clustering. On the other hand, node clustering has a clear metric for performance, which is relevant to the number of edges connecting the different clusters. For this approach, we utilize three different clustering algorithms, the k-means, the spectral clustering and an autonomous, in-network clustering algorithm. Furthermore, we show in both theory and simulation that there is strong connection between spectral radius and the convergence rate of AFP problems with probabilistic asynchronous scheduling. The latter corroborates known theory for synchronous scheduling. Interestingly, it is shown through simulations that different clustering offers similar convergence rate, when probabilistic asynchronous scheduling is utilized with carefully selected probabilities that accelerate convergence rate in the mean sense. Finally, we show an existing distinction between convergence rate and energy consumption of the network and we present experimental results comparing the different clustering methods. In most cases, spectral clustering outperforms the rest, with reduced energy consumption (by a factor of 2 compared to k-means in specific cases).
Efficacy of a Multi-level Intervention to Reduce Injecting and Sexual Risk Behaviors among HIV-Infected People Who Inject Drugs in Vietnam: A Four-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial
Creators: name: Frangakis, Constantine
name: Latkin, Carl
name: Quan, Vu Minh
name: Davis, Wendy W.
name: Mo, Tran Thi
name: Vu, Pham The
name: Minh, Nguyen Le
name: Celentano, David D.
name: Ha, Tran Viet
name: Zelaya, Carla
name: Go, Vivian F.
name: Sripaipan, Teerada
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Injecting drug use is a primary driver of HIV epidemics in many countries. People who inject drugs (PWID) and are HIV infected are often doubly stigmatized and many encounter difficulties reducing risk behaviors. Prevention interventions for HIV-infected PWID that provide enhanced support at the individual, family, and community level to facilitate risk-reduction are needed.
Introduction
Creators: name: Bini, Elisabetta
name: Bishop, Thomas
name: Fazzi, Dario
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: Introduction to the Special Section “American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America”
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Pirtobrutinib: First Approval
Creators: name: Keam, Susan
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Susan J. Keam is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability not applicable Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract Pirtobrutinib (JaypircaTM), a highly selective, non-covalent, reversible Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, is being developed by Eli Lilly and Company (Lilly) for the treatment of B-cell leukemias and lymphomas. In January 2023, pirtobrutinib was approved in the USA under the Accelerated Approval pathway for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) after at least two lines of systemic therapy, including a BTK inhibitor. This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on response rate. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of pirtobrutinib leading to this first approval for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory MCL. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
Embedding SDG 12 in consumer behavior.
Creators: name: Rawat, Komal
name: Sahni, Priya
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2023

description: Sustainable development has become a global issue. As a result, there has been a growing awareness about environmental issues related to human consumption. Consumer behaviour has a direct influence on the environment, regardless of whether the consumer is concerned about the environment or not. The continuous excessive use and quick depletion of resources pose a threat to humanity as a whole. One strategy to address this issue is to continue to educate and propagate sustainable practices, particularly among younger generations. Thus, it becomes necessary to carry out this investigation or study among young people. A questionnaire was used to collect the response of 348 respondents. Random and convenient sampling method was used for data collection. For data analysis, significant statistical tools of factor analysis, correlation, and t-test were used to bring out substantial results .The current study used the KAP (Knowledge, Attitude, and Practise) survey to investigate sustainability in order to explore how the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can be incorporated into consumer behaviour. In simple terms, it assesses the respondent's "knows," "feels," and "does" about the issues. Most people are aware of sustainable products, and the main obstacles to sustainable consumption are the lack of sustainable alternatives. It was found that awareness of consequences, perceived environmental responsibility and environmental criteria while making a purchase decision are important variables to influence consumers for sustainable consumption. Keywords: Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Consumer Behaviour, Sustainable Consumption.
description: Visions for Sustainability, NEW Visions online
Epigenetics and Preeclampsia: Defining Functional Epimutations in the Preeclamptic Placenta Related to the TGF-β Pathway
Creators: name: Boggess, Kim
name: Smeester, Lisa
name: Grace, Matthew R.
name: Martin, Elizabeth
name: Ray, Paul D.
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Preeclampsia is a potentially fatal pregnancy disorder affecting millions of women around the globe. Dysregulation in gene and protein expression within key biological pathways controlling angiogenesis has been implicated in the development of preeclampsia. Altered CpG methylation, a type of epimutation, may underlie this pathway dysregulation. In the present study, placental tissue from preeclamptic cases and normotensive controls was analyzed for genome-wide differential CpG methylation and concomitant changes in gene expression. A set of 123 genes, representing 19.9% of all genes with altered CpG methylation, was associated with functional changes in transcript levels. Underscoring the complex relationships between CpG methylation and gene expression, here hypermethylation was never associated with gene silencing, nor was hypomethylation always associated with gene activation. Moreover, the genomic region of the CpG mark was important in predicting the relationship between CpG methylation and gene expression. The 123 genes were enriched for their involvement in the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway, a known regulator of placental trophoblast invasion and migration. This is the first study to identify CpG hypomethylation as an activator of TGF-β-associated gene expression in the preeclamptic placenta. The results suggest functional epimutations are associated with preeclampsia disease status and the identified genes may represent novel biomarkers of disease.
Fundamentals in generalized elasticity and dislocation theory of quasicrystals: Green tensor, dislocation key-formulas and dislocation loops
Creators: name: Lazar, Markus
name: Agiasofitou, Eleni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work provides fundamental quantities in generalized elasticity and dislocation theory of quasicrystals. In a clear and straightforward manner, the three-dimensional Green tensor of generalized elasticity theory and the extended displacement vector for an arbitrary extended force are derived. Next, in the framework of dislocation theory of quasicrystals, the solutions of the field equations for the extended displacement vector and the extended elastic distortion tensor are given; that is the generalized Burgers equation for arbitrary sources and the generalized Mura-Willis formula, respectively. Moreover, important quantities of the theory of dislocations as the Eshelby stress tensor, Peach-Koehler force, stress function tensor and the interaction energy are derived for general dislocations. The application to dislocation loops gives rise to the generalized Burgers equation, where the displacement vector can be written as a sum of a line integral plus a purely geometric part. Finally, using the Green tensor, all other dislocation key-formulas for loops, known from the theory of anisotropic elasticity, like the Peach-Koehler stress formula, Mura-Willis equation, Volterra equation, stress function tensor and the interaction energy are derived for quasicrystals.
description: 25 pages, to appear in: Philosophical Magazine
Efficient fast Fourier transform-based solvers for computing the thermomechanical behavior of applied materials
Creators: name: Wicht, Daniel
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mikromechanik
Homogenisierung
Rechnergestützte Mechanik
Nichtlineare Optimierung
Themomechanik
Micromechanics
homogenization
computational mechanics
nonlinear optimization
thermomechanics

description: The mechanical behavior of many applied materials arises from their microstructure. Thus, to aid the design, development and industrialization of new materials, robust computational homogenization methods are indispensable. The present thesis is devoted to investigating and developing FFT-based micromechanics solvers for efficiently computing the (thermo)mechanical response of nonlinear composite materials with complex microstructures.
Estimating the Size and Impact of the Ecological Restoration Economy
Creators: name: Lester, T. William
name: Livengood, Avery
name: BenDor, Todd
name: Davis, Adam
name: Yonavjak, Logan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Domestic public debate continues over the economic impacts of environmental regulations that require environmental restoration. This debate has occurred in the absence of broad-scale empirical research on economic output and employment resulting from environmental restoration, restoration-related conservation, and mitigation actions — the activities that are part of what we term the “restoration economy.” In this article, we provide a high-level accounting of the size and scope of the restoration economy in terms of employment, value added, and overall economic output on a national scale. We conducted a national survey of businesses that participate in restoration work in order to estimate the total sales and number of jobs directly associated with the restoration economy, and to provide a profile of this nascent sector in terms of type of restoration work, industrial classification, workforce needs, and growth potential. We use survey results as inputs into a national input-output model (IMPLAN 3.1) in order to estimate the indirect and induced economic impacts of restoration activities. Based on this analysis we conclude that the domestic ecological restoration sector directly employs ~ 126,000 workers and generates ~ $9.5 billion in economic output (sales) annually. This activity supports an additional 95,000 jobs and $15 billion in economic output through indirect (business-to-business) linkages and increased household spending.
Generalized Coefficients for Hopf Cyclic Cohomology
Creators: name: Hassanzadeh, Mohammad
name: Kucerovsky, Dan
name: Rangipour, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A category of coefficients for Hopf cyclic cohomology is defined. It is shown that this category has two proper subcategories of which the smallest one is the known category of stable anti Yetter-Drinfeld modules. The middle subcategory is comprised of those coefficients which satisfy a generalized SAYD condition depending on both the Hopf algebra and the (co)algebra in question. Some examples are introduced to show that these three categories are different. It is shown that all components of Hopf cyclic cohomology work well with the new coefficients we have defined.
Additional file 1 of Cost of hospital services in India: a multi-site study to inform provider payment rates and Health Technology Assessment
Creators: name: Chauhan, Akashdeep Singh
name: Guinness, Lorna
name: Bahuguna, Pankaj
name: Singh, Maninder Pal
name: Aggarwal, Vipul
name: Rajsekhar, Kavitha
name: Tripathi, Surbhi
name: Prinja, Shankar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 1: Table S1: Profile of sampled specialties (Inpatient cost centre)- all costs in INR. Table S2 Profile of sampled specialties (ICU cost centre) -all costs in INR. Table S3 Profile of sampled specialties (OP and OT cost centres) – all costs in INR. Table S4 Comparison of unadjusted and adjusted cost per bed day (Inpatient cost centre) for selected specialties (INR). Table S5 Unadjusted unit costs by state and type of provider (INR).
title: Minimally Invasive Robotic-assisted Perforator-to-Perforator DIEP Flap Breast Reconstruction
Creators: name: Kückelhaus, Maximilian
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Reducing morbidity has been the goal of many reconstructive microsurgery efforts. Several techniques have been described for deep inferior epigastric perforator flap breast reconstruction to minimize abdominal donor-site morbidity. Although these techniques have certain tradeoffs, we designed a minimally invasive robot-assisted perforator-to-perforator approach to achieve minimal donor- and
recipient-site morbidity. Simultaneous identification of the deep inferior epigastric artery (DIEA) and internal mammary artery (IMA) perforator was performed, followed by a small fascial incision around the dominant DIEA perforator. The IMA perforator was prepared for a prepectoral anastomosis. The short DIEA pedicle was dissected without further longitudinal fascial incision until an adequate diameter
compared with the IMA perforator was reached, and a robot-assisted perforator-toperforator anastomosis was performed prepectorally. All patients underwent reconstruction performed by a single surgeon. The smallest abdominal incision was 2.5 cm with a DIEP pedicle length of 6 cm. The average IMA perforator diameter was 1.14 mm (1.0 mm–1.2 mm). The average vein diameter was 2.0 mm (1.5–3.0 mm). The incision to closure lasted 330 minutes (313–348 minutes). Flap ischemia was 105 minutes (82–118 minutes), whereas the time for robot-assisted anastomosis was 25 minutes
(22–30 minutes). All anastomoses were performed successfully. Our initial experience with robot-assisted perforator-to-perforator anastomosis for DIEP flap breast reconstruction demonstrates promise in achieving minimal patient morbidity. Raising only a very short pedicle can be compensated by adding the prepectoral IMA perforator length and enabling a good size match for small-caliber anastomosis. This technique combines important aspects of most minimally invasive DIEP flap harvests and insets.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Universität Münster.
Investigating the role of mitochondrial membrane potential in paternal inheritance of mitochondria - DATA
Creators: name: Pouliot-Drouin, Ariane
name: Niaison, Thierry
name: Breton, Sophie
name: Bettinazzi, Stefano
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: Data and R scripts used for in the paper: Investigating the role of mitochondrial membrane potential in paternal inheritance of mitochondria
Evaluation of an Inexpensive Growth Medium for Direct Detection of Escherichia coli in Temperate and Sub-Tropical Waters
Creators: name: Davis, Anthony P.
name: Bartram, Jamie K.
name: Tung, Rosalind
name: Woodall, Claire
name: Pedley, Stephen
name: du Preez, Martella
name: Elliott, John
name: Arnold, Benjamin F.
name: Morley, Robert
name: Bain, Robert E. S.
name: Gundry, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The cost and complexity of traditional methods for the detection of faecal indicator bacteria, including E. coli, hinder widespread monitoring of drinking water quality, especially in low-income countries and outside controlled laboratory settings. In these settings the problem is exacerbated by the lack of inexpensive media for the detection of E. coli in drinking water. We developed a new low-cost growth medium, aquatest (AT), and validated its use for the direct detection of E. coli in temperate and sub-tropical drinking waters using IDEXX Quanti-Tray®. AT was compared with IDEXX Colilert-18® and either EC-MUG or MLSB for detecting low levels of E. coli from water samples from temperate (n = 140; Bristol, UK) and subtropical regions (n = 50, Pretoria/Tshwane, South Africa). Confirmatory testing (n = 418 and 588, respectively) and the comparison of quantitative results were used to assess performance. Sensitivity of AT was higher than Colilert-18® for water samples in the UK [98.0% vs. 86.9%; p<0.0001] and South Africa [99.5% vs. 93.2%; p = 0.0030]. There was no significant difference in specificity, which was high for both media (>95% in both settings). Quantitative results were comparable and within expected limits. AT is reliable and accurate for the detection of E. coli in temperate and subtropical drinking water. The composition of the new medium is reported herein and can be used freely.