cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sanitary Survey Report: Raritan and Sandy Hook Bays, 1994-1997
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 1998

description: This report is a Sanitary Survey of the Raritan and Sandy Hook Bays. A Sanitary Survey is completed every 12 years for each designated growing area. The report also addresses a request from the shellfish industry to review the water quality of the prohibited waters at the eastern and western portions of the area. Improvements in water quality in these areas might lead to an upgrade to the Special Restricted category. Such an upgrade would allow the shellfish resources to be utilized under the special permits program for depuration and relay. Sampling results (1994-1997) indicate that the total coliform bacterial water quality of the shellfish growing waters of the Raritan and Sandy Hook Bays has not significantly changed since the last re-evaluation report (1989-1994) completed in February 1996. There appears to be an overall improvement in bacterial water quality in the Sandy Hook Bay during the summer sampling season (May-October). Additional samples should be collected and analyzed under the adverse pollution condition of rainfall to properly assess this trend. Bacterial water quality of the prohibited waters meets the criteria for Special Restricted classification. However, additional sampling and analysis for the presence of metals and other pollutants in shellfish tissue should take place before any upgrade occurs. It is recommended that the present classification remain unchanged.
Spongelia dubia Hyatt 1877
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Spongelia
Spongelia dubia

description: Spongelia dubia Hyatt, 1877
(Fig. 2A)
Spongelia dubia Hyatt, 1877: 534, pl. 17 fig. 9.
In addition to five specimens of the typical variety Spongelia dubia Hyatt, 1877, from Biscayne Bay, Florida (syntypes MCZ 141739, PORa-7260 and 7263, approximate coordinates 25.565833°N 80.216389°W) and the Bahamas (specimens listed in the online MCZ database) Hyatt described three varieties of Spongelia dubia, varieties excavata (cf. below), foraminosa (cf. below), and mollior (cf. below).
Spongelia dubia Hyatt, 1877, described as a black Dysidea -like sponge, was declared unrecognizable by De Laubenfels (1948: 146), but he suggested it could perhaps belong to the Red Sea species D. nigra Keller, 1889: 238, currently a junior synonym of Hyrtios erectus (Keller, 1889: 340). There are no known black Dysidea species recorded from Florida or the wider Central West Atlantic region, but there is a black Hyrtios, viz. H. proteus Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864. However, the photo of the type specimen (Hyatt, 1877: plate 17 fig. 9, cf. Fig. 2A) is not typical for the genus Dysidea nor for the genus Hyrtios, and thus it is suspected to belong to a different, so far unrecognized, genus. For the time being it is assigned to Dysidea dubia (Hyatt, 1877) as a taxon inquirendum until it may have been classified properly.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
title: Assessment of fecal contamination and antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in lakes across Canada and the role of wildlife in their dissemination
Creators: name: Wight, Jordan
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04haebc03
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Fecal contamination of the environment can pose serious health threats. Fecal microbes can enter the environment from a wide variety of sources such as wastewater effluent, wildlife, agricultural drainage, and/or land runoff. Microbes present in the environment cause infections in humans and animals that interact with contaminated areas, with these infections harder to treat if microbes are more virulent or resistant to antimicrobials. Most previous research has investigated this problem with a focus on heavily polluted environments, so there is a current lack of knowledge about this problem in more natural, less overtly impacted environments. In this thesis I applied a One Health perspective on this topic and investigated fecal contamination in aquatic environments and antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in aquatic sediments and wild birds. I first studied this problem from a broad lens, investigating coliform contamination in surface waters of more than 400 lakes from across Canada using custom-built portable incubators to culture bacteria directly in the field. I then shifted my focus deeper and carried out an in-depth investigation of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli present in lake sediments in St. John’s, Newfoundland. I determined that environmental persistence, transmission between sites, most likely mediated by wild birds, and the activities of mobile genetic elements likely contributed significantly to the drug resistance patterns observed in the minimally polluted environments studied. Lastly, I investigated antimicrobial-resistant E. coli carried by wild birds in eastern Newfoundland over a six-year period. Through this work, I identified that wild birds in the region are significant reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant and potentially pathogenic E. coli. However, there were large differences in carriage of these depending on whether the bacteria were isolated from ducks, gulls, or seabirds. Taken together, these works significantly advance our current understanding of fecal contamination in freshwater lakes in Canada, and antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in environmental and wild bird reservoirs and furthers our understanding of the threats posed by these to human and animal health.
A Community-Based Workbook for Helping Rural Cancer Patients
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Women diagnosed with breast cancer deserve immediate and continuing education and emotional support. When a woman is newly diagnosed with breast cancer, she is faced with extremely difficult decisions about her treatment. Often she must make these decisions quickly, without knowing much about the long-term effects of these choices, and while trying to cope with the fact that she has a life-threatening illness. When a woman is nearing the end of her treatment for breast cancer, she must face the prospect of living day-to-day with the uncertainty of whether her cancer will return.

 In many communities, support groups have been developed by breast cancer survivors or cancer treatment centers to address these needs. In rural counties, however, many women who would like to participate in support groups live too far away or do not have reliable transportation. To respond to this need La Loba, a grass roots breast cancer support group in Nevada County, plans to create a user-friendly workbook/journal that provides facts, figures and personal experiences by other women who have been diagnosed with breast cancer. This workbook/journal, entitled "One in Eight", will include such topics as how to relate to doctors and medical technicians, how to talk to family and friends, how to cope with hair loss, energy loss, and other side-effects of chemotherapy. It will include humor and space for personal reflection. Information about local and regional resources, such as books, organizations and public agencies, will help direct women in their search for education about breast cancer and its treatment. The theme of the book will be to encourage and support women taking charge of their lives, being informed of their choices, and participating actively in their treatment.

 Women from this local support group have teamed up with researchers from the Stanford University School of Medicine to form the Sierra-Stanford Partnership. This partnership, between rural breast cancer survivors, rural care providers and researchers specializing in supportive interventions for cancer patients, plans to develop and test the helpfulness of "One in Eight" by offering it to breast cancer patients in Nevada, Sierra, Amador, Placer, and Eldorado Counties in the Sierra Foothills. The rural community partners will write the workbook and will interview patients to receive feedback about the workbook. The research team will determine whether "One in Eight" helps women to better cope with and adjust emotionally to their cancer, and to make better breast cancer treatment choices.

 The hope of the Sierra-Stanford Partnership is to reduce the human and economic costs of breast cancer by reaching rural women who do not have access to current forms of education or support, and help them make the best possible breast cancer treatment choices.
Arachnospila spissa
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Arachnospila
Arachnospila spissa

description: Arachnospila spissa (Schiödte, 1837) #
Pompilus spissus Schiödte, 1837:336, ♀♂.
Distribution in Iran: TEHRAN (WOLF et al. 2009— AS Arachnospila spissa spissa (SCHIöDTE, 1837)).
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 460, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Reappraisal Report: Shellfish Growing Area #DB-3, Delaware Bay Remote Area from Cape May Point to Fortescue Creek
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 1998

description: The water quality in Area DB-3 remains very good and is consistent with the current classification. Area DB-3 is a remote area located in the Delaware Bay. The last report for this area was submitted in October 1995, which covered data from 1987 through 1994. This report covers water quality data from 1995 through 1998. The results of this report confirm this as a remote area that has consistently displayed the same the type of water quality over the past 10 years. There will be no change in classification of Area DB-3.
Anti-breast cancer activity of vitamin A derivatives
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: As the plague of breast cancer deaths continues, the need for new approaches to prevent this disease becomes increasingly apparent. With the perspective that cancer is a disease of uncontrolled cell growth, we need new agents to inhibit cancer cell growth. The family of molecules composed of vitamin A derivatives (retinoids) is an excellent set of candidates. Retinoids are currently used in the treatment of epithelial cancer and acute promyelocytic leukemia and have been evaluated as preventive and therapeutic agents for a variety of human cancers. Several studies show that retinoids are also capable of inhibiting breast cancer cell growth. However, their anti-breast cancer activity is mainly seen in early stage breast cancer cells and upon progression of the disease, breast cancer cells become refractory to retinoids. This phenomenon of retinoid resistance has been one of the major drawbacks in retinoid therapy. Unfortunately, how anti-cancer activity of retinoids is lost in late stage breast cancer cells is unclear.

 We propose to study the mechanism by which retinoids exert their anti-cancer activity in breast cancer cells and by which this effect is lost in resistant cancer cells. Results from these studies will provide us with an opportunity to increase retinoid sensitivity in retinoid-resistant breast cancer cells, and thereby enhance their therapeutic efficacy. The results will also provide a basis upon which to develop more effective anti-breast cancer retinoids with clinical value.
Spongelia dubia var. excavata Hyatt 1877
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Spongelia
Spongelia dubia
Spongelia dubia var. excavata hyatt, 1877

description: Spongelia dubia var. excavata Hyatt, 1877
(Figs. 2B–C)
Spongelia dubia var. excavata Hyatt, 1877: 535, pl. 17 figs. 10–11.
Despite the photos of two specimens of this variety the description is still unrecognizable and moreover there were three specimens collected from distant localities, Florida, approx. coord. 26.495915°N 82.725098°W (MCZ PORa-7358) and Southern California, approx. coord. 24.187607°N 110.361339°W (MCZ PORa-7131 and 7188), making it likely that they are not conspecific. I propose to assign them for the time being to the combination Dysidea excavata (Hyatt, 1877) as a taxon inquirendum.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on pages 18-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Agonum scitulum Dejean 1828
Creators: name: Hoess, René
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Agonum
Agonum scitulum

description: Agonum scitulum Dejean, 1828
Romont (BE), Champ de Gobat, Le Bain, 705 m, 591.4/ 126.7, 13.4.2011: 1 Ind.
Diese Art kommt in der Schweiz nur im Jura vor, und nur wenige Funde sind in jüngster Zeit gemeldet worden.
description: Published as part of Hoess, René, 2016, Interessante Neufunde von Laufkäfern (Coleoptera: Carabidae) aus der Schweiz, pp. 53-67 in Entomo Helvetica 9 on page 56, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986145, http://zenodo.org/record/7901176
Sanitary Survey: Shellfish Growing Area SE-5, Great Sound, Hereford Inlet, Jenkins Sound, Grassy Sound & Richardson Sound, 1995-1998
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 1998

description: The water quality data presented in this Sanitary Survey was collected between January 1995, and April 1998. The water quality information was consistent with the existing shellfish growing water classification for SE-5. However, with the extension of the sewer lines from the Middle Township Sewage Authority it has allowed the Department to upgrade 74 acres of water from Prohibited to Seasonally Approved.
Spongelia pallescens subsp. elastica var. lobosa Schulze 1879
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Spongelia
Spongelia pallescens
Spongelia pallescens subsp. elastica var. lobosa schulze, 1879

description: Spongelia pallescens subsp. elastica var. lobosa Schulze, 1879
Spongelia pallescens subsp. elastica var. lobosa Schulze, 1879b: 154, pl. V fig. 7, pl. VII fig. 2, 4-5, pl. VIII fig. 8.
Schulze’s name is not an available name (as it has a fourth name, ICZN art. 45.5). I propose to assign this material, decribed from the Bay of Muggia, near Triest, Adriatic Sea, to Dysidea pallescens (Schmidt, 1862).
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Inhibition of Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: New blood vessel growth, termed angiogenesis, is necessary for breast tumors to grow and spread (metastasis). The focus of our research is a human protein called Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), which appears to be required for angiogenesis in many types of tumors, including breast cancer. Over 50% of breast tumors appear to secrete VEGF, where it acts in the immediate environment to attract blood vessel growth. In animal studies, an antibody directed against VEGF was found to inhibit tumor growth and metastases, and this therapy had no apparent toxicity. In addition, the presence of VEGF in breast tumors could be utilized as a diagnostic marker, and as a measure of potential aggressive metastasis to other sites in the body. Further, in the treatment of breast cancer by current and future therapies, VEGF detection modalities could be used as both a measure of and an endpoint of a successful clinical outcome.

 This pilot study would lay the groundwork for examining the effectiveness and diagnostic utility of an antibody against VEGF in the treatment of women with advanced breast cancer. A key to this effort will be employing a ‘humanized’ VEGF antibody. These particular antibodies, unlike antibodies produced in animals, have the advantage of not triggering a patient’s immune response which quickly removes the antibody from the body. Thus, the treatment and diagnostic uses could extend for sufficient time to arrest and reverse tumor growth. In related work, we hope to develop new methods of radiographic imaging using both ‘positron emission tomography’ (PET) and ‘Magnetic Resonance Imaging’ (MRI). These detection methods allow us to non-invasively assess angiogenesis in breast tumors and the effectiveness of anti-VEGF therapy. In addition, we would be able to predict from PET and MRI pre-screening, those women with breast cancer who are best suited for anti-VEGF treatment. Our parallel research goal is also to investigate the basic biology of angiogenesis specific to breast cancer. We anticipate identifying other factors that promote tumor blood vessel growth. Thus, new targets will be generated to treat those women whose tumors do not show VEGF production, but with active angiogenesis and a high risk of metastasis.

 The impact of developing a therapy that is relatively non-toxic and effective in both the adjuvant and metastatic treatment settings would have a significant impact on the economic and human cost of breast cancer in California.
Siah-family Genes: Effectors of p53 in Breast Cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Normal cells have protective mechanisms to detect damage, especially to the cell’s DNA. Defects in these protective genes, called tumor suppressor genes, will permit damage to DNA to persist undetected and result in the accumulation of mutations leading to cancer development and progression. Importantly, mutations that inactivate the tumor suppressor protein, p53, occur commonly in breast cancers and are associated with aggressive clinical behavior of tumors and shorter patient survival. p53 has multiple functions in cells, including an ability to stop cell division and to trigger programmed cell death (called apoptosis) in some cell types. Simple model organisms offer an excellent opportunity to unravel the interaction between p53 and its intracellular signaling processes. Our approach was to first compare the p53-like proteins and pathways in the fruit fly, Drosophila. We noted that a Drosophila gene called "seven in absentia" or 'sina' was required for photoreceptor cell formation during eye development. Recently, a mammalian sina homologue we call 'Siah' was reported to be a p53-inducible gene. Using this information, we are in a position to examine the p53-associated events related to Siah function with specific reference to breast cancer.

 In our preliminary experiments we were able to introduce the Siah genes into human tumor cell lines and show evidence of their critical link to the arrest of cell division and apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. In the present project, we will test the hypothesis that the Siah family proteins play an important role in the pathways by which p53 controls cell proliferation and death in human breast cancer. First, we will examine which of the three known Siah-family proteins, Siah-1A, Siah-1B, or Siah-2 are expressed in breast cancers following cell injury to induce p53. Next, we will introduce Siah genes into breast cancer cells and examine the effects on cell proliferation and apoptosis. We will use mutant forms that produce active and inactive Siah proteins to confirm the cellular effect. Finally, the molecular targets of Siah family proteins will be sought in order to place them in the context of what is known about intracellular signaling within breast cancer cells.

 Taken together, our overall goal is to develop novel ways to restore growth control or induce apoptosis in breast cancers that have lost p53 tumor suppressor activity. This would serve to limit the genetic changes in these tumors that contribute to aggressive growth and progression.
Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. incrustans Schulze 1879
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Spongelia
Spongelia pallescens
Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. incrustans schulze, 1879

description: Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. incrustans Schulze, 1879
Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. incrustans Schulze, 1879b: 154, pl. VIII fig. 12.
Schulze’s name is not an available name (as it has a fourth name, ICZN art. 45.5). I propose to assign this material, decribed from the northern Adriatic Sea, to Dysidea incrustans (Schmidt, 1862).
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Agonum versutum Sturm 1824
Creators: name: Hoess, René
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Agonum
Agonum versutum

description: Agonum versutum Sturm, 1824
Ins (BE), Leuschelz, 465 m, 573.7 /206.9, 7.5.2009: 4 Ind.
Lavigny (VD), Arborex, 510 m, 521.7 /150.6, 14.7.2010: 3 Ind.
Vauffelin (BE), Le Marais, 705 m, 590.8 /226.6, 13.4.2011: 1 Ind.
Seit den Angaben in Hoess (2009) trafen offenbar keine neuen Funde dieser seltenen Art mehr beim CSCF ein. Ich konnte die Art auch erneut bei Romont (2011) und am Sarnersee (2010) finden.
description: Published as part of Hoess, René, 2016, Interessante Neufunde von Laufkäfern (Coleoptera: Carabidae) aus der Schweiz, pp. 53-67 in Entomo Helvetica 9 on page 56, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986145, http://zenodo.org/record/7901176
Arachnospila trivialis
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Arachnospila
Arachnospila trivialis

description: Arachnospila trivialis (Dahlbom, 1843)
Pompilus trivialis Dahlbom, 1843:65, Syntypes ♀♂. Europe.
Distribution in Iran: MAZANDARAN (HAUPT 1929A—AS Psammochares gibbus (L.)).
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 460, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Reappraisal: Shellfish Growing Area #SE-4, Ludlam Bay & Townsend Sound, 1993-1997
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 1998

description: A sanitary survey was written on this area in February 1996, which covered the time period from 1990 to 1995. That sanitary survey was written to allow for an upgrade of 285 acres of water located on the eastern shore of Ludlam Bay from Seasonally Approved to Approved. This report is a reappraisal of the area. There have been no changes in water quality therefore no change in the classification of area SE-4 is required.
Clibanarius eurysternus Hilgendorf 1879
Creators: name: Ririhena, Dharma Arif Nugroho Dwi Listyo Rahayu Rianta Pratiwi Rena Tri Hernawati Ujang Nurhaman John Etry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Diogenidae
Clibanarius
Clibanarius eurysternus

description: Clibanarius eurysternus Hilgendorf, 1879
(Fig. 7A)
Habitat. Sandy mud substrate with gravel and boulders, intertidal to 1 m.
Distribution. Wide distribution in the Indo-west Pacific, from the East coast of Africa to the Philippines, and Vietnam. Indonesia: Sulawesi and Maluku.
Remarks. The species is easily recognized by the dark brown longitudinal stripes on yellow base color of the shield, ocular peduncles, chelipeds, and ambulatory legs. It usually prefers gastropod with a narrow aperture as shelter, therefore the thorax is very often flattened.
description: Published as part of Ririhena, Dharma Arif Nugroho Dwi Listyo Rahayu Rianta Pratiwi Rena Tri Hernawati Ujang Nurhaman John Etry, 2024, Hermit crabs (Decapoda: Anomura: Coenobitidae, Calcinidae, Diogenidae, Paguridae) from Halmahera Island, North Maluku, Indonesia, pp. 1-24 in Nauplius (e 20240507) (e 20240507) 32 on page 13, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936e20240507, http://zenodo.org/record/14668576
Unique Genes Expressed in Cancer Cells
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: All cells and tissues contain small highly-charged chemicals called polyamines. These polyamines are required for the growth and differentiation of all cells and tissues. A single enzyme present in all cells and tissues catalyzes the synthesis of these polyamines. For many years, we have known that these polyamines and the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) exist in rapidly-growing and cancerous tissue at high levels. Furthermore, investigators have shown that if you use a specific chemical or drug that inhibits or blocks polyamine biosynthesis (DFMO), a marked reduction in the growth of the cell or tissue can be observed. It also was apparent that the high degree of regulation which occurs in "normal" cells and tissues of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway was somehow abnormal or unregulated when cells and tissues became transformed into cancer cells. It now appears that the enzyme ODC itself may function as a cancer-causing (oncogenic) protein when there is enough of the enzyme present inside of the cell.

 Using a variety of molecular biological techniques, it is now possible to engineer cells which have artificially high levels of ODC and polyamines and to examine what stable high levels of ODC expression does to the cancer-related properties of these cells. In this regard, ODC overexpression results in a cell which is more cancer-like in nature and is able to grow without the kind of supporting matrix that normal cells require, will form tumors when injected back into an animal, and in many cases, the tumors formed are more highly invasive (malignant) and more highly vascularized, i.e., have higher blood supply to them. It is our hypothesis that these cells overexpressing ODC have a different group of genes that are now turned on and off. The specific genes which are turned on or off following high levels of ODC, are what allow the cell to become more cancer like.

 We intend to identify in model cell lines of human breast tissue and carcinomas where there are genes that are turned on and off when ODC is overexpressed. It is our hope that once these genes are discovered and their function is understood, we will be much closer to understanding the process by which normal breast tissue becomes cancerous.
Spongelia dubia var. mollior sensu Hyatt 1877
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Spongelia
Spongelia dubia
Spongelia dubia var. mollior sensu hyatt, 1877

description: Spongelia dubia var. mollior sensu Hyatt, 1877
Spongelia dubia var. mollior sensu Hyatt, 1877: 534 (no illustration).
Not: Cacospongia mollior Schmidt, 1862: 27.
The variety was described by Hyatt from Florida, approximate coordinates 26.495915°N 82.725098°W (syntype MCZ PORa-7331). Hyatt (1877: 534) referred S. d. var. mollior to Schmidt’s Cacospongia mollior with question mark. The localities for this variety are Florida and Fernando do Noronha (Brazil, but this latter specimen is not listed as present on the online database of MCZ), making the conspecificity with the Mediterranean species Cacospongia mollior Schmidt, 1862 unlikely. Without images and more precise description this combination is incertae sedis. It likely belongs to genus Dysidea and I propose to assign it to the combination Dysidea mollior (Hyatt, 1877) as a taxon inquirendum.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Arachnospila tenebricosa
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Arachnospila
Arachnospila tenebricosa

description: Arachnospila tenebricosa (Haupt, 1929a)
Psammochares tenebricosus Haupt, 1929a:588, Syntypes ♀ ♂.— Iran, Pishkuh (ZMHU).
Distribution in Iran: MAZANDARAN (HAUPT 1929A; WOLF 1977 — AS Psammochares tenebricosus HAUPT, 1929A).
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 460, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Amara fusca Dejean 1828
Creators: name: Hoess, René
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Amara
Amara fusca

description: Amara fusca Dejean, 1828
Varen (VS), Stäge Ost, 630 m, 614.0/ 129.5, 24.9.2015: 1 Ind.
Die sehr seltene Amara fusca wurde in der Schweiz bisher nur im Wallis und bei Genf nachgewiesen. In den letzen 20 Jahren fanden sie Chittaro & Marggi (2015a) nur je einmal bei Fully und Leuk. Das vorliegende Tier (bestimmt durch Genitalpräparation) wurde in einem Rebberg am Fusse einer Trockensteinmauer unter dürrem Weinlaub auf dem Asphalt einer Strasse (Abb. 2) erbeutet. Es war in Gesellschaft dreier Individuen von Blaps mucronata Latreille, 1804 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).
description: Published as part of Hoess, René, 2016, Interessante Neufunde von Laufkäfern (Coleoptera: Carabidae) aus der Schweiz, pp. 53-67 in Entomo Helvetica 9 on page 56, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986145, http://zenodo.org/record/7901176
Re-evaluation Report: Shellfish Growing Area #SE-3, Corsons Sound & Corsons Inlet, 1992-1997
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 1998

description: The last sanitary survey that covered this area was done in July 1996. That report covered data from 1988 through 1995. Since this area is sampled under the Systematic Random Sampling protocol, 30 samples per station are required to classify the waters. Therefore, this report will include water quality data collected from 1992 through January 1998. The data collected was consistent with the existing shellfish growing water classification for area SE-3. Therefore all areas will remain under the current classification.
Reappraisal: Shellfish Growing Area SE-1, Abescon Bay, Reeds Bay and Beach Thorofare, 1994-1997
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 1998

description: The water quality data presented in this Reappraisal Report was collected between January 1994, and December 1997. The water quality information was consistent with the existing shellfish growing water classification for SE-1. The main impact to the waters in this area are from non-point sources and storm water runoff. There are many marinas throughout this area as well as increased boating activities.
Arachnospila wesmaeli
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Arachnospila
Arachnospila wesmaeli

description: Arachnospila wesmaeli (Thomson, 1870)
Pompilus wesmaeli Thomson, 1870:221, ♂.
Distribution in Iran: MAZANDARAN (HAUPT 1929A—AS Psammochares wesmaeli (THOMSON, 1870)); NO LOCALITy CITED (WOLF 1959 — AS Pompilus wesmaeli THOMSON, 1870).
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 460, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Spongelia pallescens subsp. elastica var. massa Schulze 1879
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Spongelia
Spongelia pallescens
Spongelia pallescens subsp. elastica var. massa schulze, 1879

description: Spongelia pallescens subsp. elastica var. massa Schulze, 1879
Spongelia pallescens subsp. elastica var. massa Schulze, 1879b: 154, pl. V fig. 4, pl. VI fig. 3, 5-7, pl. VII fig. 3, pl. VIII fig. 9–11.
Schulze’s name is not an available name (as it has a fourth name, ICZN art. 45.5). I propose to assign this material, decribed from the Bay of Muggia, near Triest, Adriatic Sea, to Dysidea pallescens (Schmidt, 1862).
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Arachnotheutes Haupt 1927
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Arachnotheutes

description: Genus Arachnotheutes Haupt, 1927
Arachnotheutes Haupt, 1927:262. Type species: Arachnotheutes rufithorax (Costa, 1881), by monotypy and original designation.
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 460, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Sanitary Survey: Shellfish Growing Area 46-47, Brigantine to Spray Beach, 1992-1997
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 1998

description: These ocean shellfish growing waters do not contain any point sources of contamination. The area is not detectably affected by the non-point sources associated with rainfall runoff or the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge's bird population. These factors in combination with acceptable water quality support the Approved shellfish growing water classification currently in effect and qualifies this section of coastline to be designated a Remote area. A Remote area by National Shellfish Sanitation Program definition allows for a water sampling frequency reduction without any public health consequences. This frees valuable sampling resources to be concentrated in areas containing pollution sources.
Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. ramosa Schulze 1879
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Spongelia
Spongelia pallescens
Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. ramosa schulze, 1879

description: Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. ramosa Schulze, 1879
Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. ramosa Schulze, 1879b: 154.
Schulze’s name is not an available name (as it has a fourth name, ICZN art. 45.5). I propose to assign this material, decribed from the northern Adriatic Sea, to Dysidea avara (Schmidt, 1862) on account of its ramose habit.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Amara ingenua
Creators: name: Hoess, René
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Amara
Amara ingenua

description: Amara ingenua (Duftschmid, 1812)
Die Art ist keineswegs so selten, wie es die Karte auf dem Server des CSCF suggeriert. Nur vier Funde sind dort nach 2000 ersichtlich, alle aus dem Wallis. Ich fand A. ingenua zwischen 2011 und 2015 in den Walliser Gemeinden Ardon, Chamoson, Fully, Lalden, Leuk, Montana und Sierre oft unter Pflanzenabfällen auf abgeernteten Äckern, Ruderalstellen sowie Rebbergen und gelegentlich in Anzahl.
description: Published as part of Hoess, René, 2016, Interessante Neufunde von Laufkäfern (Coleoptera: Carabidae) aus der Schweiz, pp. 53-67 in Entomo Helvetica 9 on page 56, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986145, http://zenodo.org/record/7901176
Obstacles, slopes and tic-tac-toe
Creators: name: Mukkamala, V S Padmini
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: The minimum number of slopes used in a straight-line drawing of G is called the slope number of G. We show that every cubic graph can be drawn in the plane with straight line edges using only the four basic slopes {0, π/4, π/2,−π/4}. We also prove that four slopes have this property if and only if we can draw K4 with them. Given a graph G, an obstacle representation of G is a set of points in the plane representing the vertices of G, together with a set of obstacles (connected polygons)such that two vertices of G are joined by an edge if and only if the corresponding points can be connected by a segment which avoids all obstacles. The obstacle number of G is the minimum number of obstacles in an obstacle representation of G. We show that there are graphs on n vertices with obstacle number  (n/log n). We show that there is an m = 2n + o(n), such that, in the Maker-Breaker game played on Zd where Maker needs to put at least m of his marks consecutively in oneof n given winning directions, Breaker can force a draw using a pairing strategy. This improves the result of Kruczek and Sundberg who showed that such a pairing strategy exits if m ≥ 3n. A simple argument shows that m has to be at least 2n+1 if Breaker is only allowed to use a pairing strategy, thus the main term of our bound is optimal.
How many persons am I?
Creators: name: Shanton, Karen L.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Many philosophical positions depend on claims about the mind. Though it‟s tempting to think that the claims that matter – at least from a philosophical perspective – are claims about the conscious mind, emerging evidence suggests that the unconscious plays a surprisingly significant role in our mental lives. Given the centrality of claims about the mind to philosophical positions, and the centrality of the unconscious to the mind, it‟s important for philosophers to take account of discoveries about the unconscious. My dissertation is an attempt to do this. I use empirical findings about unconscious states and processes to investigate the nature of personhood and the relationship between human beings and persons. Most contemporary empirical work on unconscious states and processes is conducted in two overlapping literatures: (1) the dual process literature and (2) the cognitive unconscious literature. According to the dual process literature, we have two different ways – one conscious and the other unconscious – of performing many types of cognitive tasks. The central moral of the cognitive unconscious literature is that we underestimate the unconscious; unconscious processes are capable of much more sophisticated and flexible processing than we tend to think. I draw on these overlapping literatures to challenge two common philosophical assumptions. In Chapters 1-2, I use findings in the dual process literature to challenge the assumption that there‟s a single, unified person in each human being. In Chapters 3-5, I use findings in the cognitive unconscious literature to challenge the assumption that consciousness is necessary for personhood. These two challenges combine to form a larger project. As I argue in the Coda, they raise the possibility that there are two distinct persons in each human being – one conscious and the other unconscious. This possibility, in turn, has implications for a range of philosophical issues, from diachronic personal identity to moral responsibility to animal and artificial consciousness.
Spongelia spinosa Hyatt 1877
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Spongelia
Spongelia spinosa

description: Spongelia spinosa Hyatt, 1877
(Fig. 2D)
Spongelia spinosa Hyatt, 1877: 535, pl. 16 fig, 32.
The species was decribed by Hyatt from Mauritius, approximate coordinates 20°S 57.833°E (syntypes MCZ PORa-7040 and 6497). Hyatt also distinguished two varieties (cf. below), codmani originating from Tenerife, and rigida from Florida. Since the species and its two varieties are unlikely to belong to the same species, it is technically necessary to distinguish the Mauritian material as the nominotypical variety (even though Hyatt did not name it as such). Judged from Hyatt’s description and photo of the habitus the species is probably a Dysidea, to be named for the time being Dysidea spinosa Hyatt, 1877, but its status as an accepted species distinct from other Western Indian Ocean Dysidea species needs to be established by study and comparison of the type material.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Amara municipalis
Creators: name: Hoess, René
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Amara
Amara municipalis

description: Amara municipalis (Duftschmid, 1812)
Bitsch (VS), Z’Matt Nord, 730 m, 645.1 / 132.5, 17.6.2015: 1 Ind.
Aus den letzten 20 Jahren liegen dem CSCF nur zwei andere Funde aus dem Wallis vor. Wieso A. municipalis aus den übrigen Gebieten (GE, VD, TI, GR, TG) verschwunden sein soll, ist nicht ersichtlich. Die Bestimmung der Arten der Untergattung Xenocelia Hieke, 2000 (vergleiche auch A. fusca) ist schwierig und erfolgt am besten über das männliche Genital.
description: Published as part of Hoess, René, 2016, Interessante Neufunde von Laufkäfern (Coleoptera: Carabidae) aus der Schweiz, pp. 53-67 in Entomo Helvetica 9 on page 57, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986145, http://zenodo.org/record/7901176
Arachnotheutes aegyptorum
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Arachnotheutes
Arachnotheutes aegyptorum

description: Arachnotheutes aegyptorum (Priesner, 1955)
Pompilus (Nanoclavelia) aegyptorum Priesner, 1955:94, Syntypes ♂.— Egypt, many locations (NHMW).
Distribution in Iran: FARS (WOLF et al. 2009).
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 460, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. tubulosa Schulze 1879
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Spongelia
Spongelia pallescens
Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. tubulosa schulze, 1879

description: Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. tubulosa Schulze, 1879
Spongelia pallescens subsp. fragilis var. tubulosa Schulze, 1879b: 154, pl. VI fig. 2, pl, VII fig. 6.
Schulze’s name is not an available name (as it has a fourth name, ICZN art. 45.5). I propose to assign this material, decribed from Triest, Adriatic Sea, to Dysidea avara (Schmidt, 1862) on account of its habit.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Критичне мислення майбутнього педагога у контексті професійної підготовки
Creators: name: Войтович, І. С.
name: Павлова, Н. С.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: мисленнєві операції; процес мислення; здобувач вищої освіти; інформаційна діяльність

description: Розглянуто критичне мислення майбутнього педагога у контексті його професійної підготовки за освітньо-професійними програмами  Середня освіта (Інформатика), Професійна освіта (Цифрові технології), Освітні педагогічні науки. Оволодіння критичним мисленням є процесом формування здатності самостійно розв’язувати проблему за умови інформаційної невизначеності і суперечливості шляхом здобуття обізнаності про неї з різних джерел, оцінювання і обґрунтування доцільного способу досягнення результату, рефлексії виконаної  діяльності. Це цілеспрямована, самостійна, практична і рефлексивна мисленнєва діяльність, що сприяє всебічному розвитку особи. Умови її виконання: здобуття знань, застосовуючи операції мислення; аналіз, оцінювання діяльності з позиції її практичної цінності; підтримка діалогу, моделювання протиріч і способів їх вирішення; формулювання думки, її обґрунтоване донесення іншим.
Amara nigricornis C. G. Thomson 1857
Creators: name: Hoess, René
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Amara
Amara nigricornis

description: Amara nigricornis C.G. Thomson, 1857
Gadmen (BE), Chüebergli, 2010 m, 675.6/174.9, 8.8.2014: 1 Ind.
Diese seltene Bergart wurde im Kanton Bern zuletzt 1984 gefunden.
description: Published as part of Hoess, René, 2016, Interessante Neufunde von Laufkäfern (Coleoptera: Carabidae) aus der Schweiz, pp. 53-67 in Entomo Helvetica 9 on page 57, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986145, http://zenodo.org/record/7901176
Ctenagenia de Saussure 1892
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Ctenagenia

description: Genus Ctenagenia de Saussure, 1892
Ctenagenia de Saussure, 1892, Type species: Pompilus vespiformis Klug, 1834, by subsequent designation of Haupt, 1927:129.
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 460, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890