cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Superconductivity and Local Inversion-Symmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Fischer, Mark H
name: Sigrist, Manfred
name: Agterberg, Daniel F
name: Yanase, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inversion and time reversal are essential symmetries for the structure of Cooper pairs in superconductors. The loss of one or both leads to modifications to this structure and can change the properties of the superconducting phases in profound ways. Lacking inversion, superconductivity in noncentrosymmetric materials has become an important topic, in particular, in the context of topological superconductivity as well as unusual magnetic and magneto-electric properties. Recently, crystal structures with local, but not global inversion-symmetry breaking have attracted attention, as superconductivity can exhibit phenomena not naively expected in centrosymmetric materials. After introducing the concept of locally noncentrosymmetric crystals and different material realizations, we discuss consequences of such local symmetry breaking on the classification, the expected and, in parts, already observed phenomenology of unconventional superconductivity, and possible topological superconducting phases.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to Annual Reviews of Condensed Matter Physics
Adversarial Attack and Defense on Graph Data: A Survey
Creators: name: Sun, Lichao
name: Dou, Yingtong
name: Yang, Carl
name: Wang, Ji
name: Liu, Yixin
name: Yu, Philip S.
name: He, Lifang
name: Li, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely applied to various applications, including image classification, text generation, audio recognition, and graph data analysis. However, recent studies have shown that DNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Though there are several works about adversarial attack and defense strategies on domains such as images and natural language processing, it is still difficult to directly transfer the learned knowledge to graph data due to its representation structure. Given the importance of graph analysis, an increasing number of studies over the past few years have attempted to analyze the robustness of machine learning models on graph data. Nevertheless, existing research considering adversarial behaviors on graph data often focuses on specific types of attacks with certain assumptions. In addition, each work proposes its own mathematical formulation, which makes the comparison among different methods difficult. Therefore, this review is intended to provide an overall landscape of more than 100 papers on adversarial attack and defense strategies for graph data, and establish a unified formulation encompassing most graph adversarial learning models. Moreover, we also compare different graph attacks and defenses along with their contributions and limitations, as well as summarize the evaluation metrics, datasets and future trends. We hope this survey can help fill the gap in the literature and facilitate further development of this promising new field.
description: Published on IEEE TKDE. For more open-source and up-to-date information, please check our Github repository: https://github.com/YingtongDou/graph-adversarial-learning-literature
Editorial note to: Erwin Schrödinger, Dirac electron in the gravitational field I
Creators: name: Kay, Bernard S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Editorial Note with a mathematical and historical introduction to a 1932 paper by Erwin Schrödinger on the generalization of the Dirac equation to a curved spacetime -- to appear in the 'Golden Oldie' section of the Journal of General Relativity and Gravitation alongside an English translation of that paper. The Schrödinger paper is of interest as the first place that the well-known formula $g^{μν}\nabla_μ\nabla_ν+ m^2 + \frac{R}{4}$ was obtained for the 'square' of the Dirac operator in curved spacetime. This formula is known by a number of names and we explain why we favour the name 'Schrödinger-Lichnerowicz formula'. We also aim to explain how the modern notion of `spin connection' emerged from a debate in the physics journals in the period 1929-1933. We discuss the key contributions of Weyl, Fock and Cartan and explain how and why they were partly in conflict with the approaches of Schrödinger and several other authors. We reference and comment on some previous historical accounts of this topic.
description: 15 pages, no figures. Addendum added mainly to mention that, in addition to the rediscovery of Schr\"odinger's 1932 formula for the 'square' of the curved spacetime Dirac operator by Andr\'e Lichnerowicz in 1962/3, it was also rediscovered in 1963 by Asher Peres -- and to discuss again the naming of that formula
Towards Characterization of the Type IIP Supernova Progenitor Population: a Statistical Sample of Light Curves from Pan-STARRS1
Creators: name: Sanders, N. E.
name: Soderberg, A. M.
name: Gezari, S.
name: Betancourt, M.
name: Chornock, R.
name: Berger, E.
name: Foley, R. J.
name: Challis, P.
name: Drout, M.
name: Kirshner, R. P.
name: Lunnan, R.
name: Marion, G. H.
name: Margutti, R.
name: McKinnon, R.
name: Milisavljevic, D.
name: Narayan, G.
name: Rest, A.
name: Kankare, E.
name: Mattila, S.
name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Huber, M. E.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Draper, P. W.
name: Hodapp, K. W.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Kudritzki, R. P.
name: Magnier, E. A.
name: Metcalfe, N.
name: Morgan, J. S.
name: Price, P. A.
name: Tonry, J. L.
name: Wainscoat, R. J.
name: Waters, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, wide-field sky surveys providing deep multi-band imaging have presented a new path for indirectly characterizing the progenitor populations of core-collapse supernovae (SN): systematic light curve studies. We assemble a set of 76 grizy-band Type IIP SN light curves from Pan-STARRS1, obtained over a constant survey program of 4 years and classified using both spectroscopy and machine learning-based photometric techniques. We develop and apply a new Bayesian model for the full multi-band evolution of each light curve in the sample. We find no evidence of a sub-population of fast-declining explosions (historically referred to as "Type IIL" SNe). However, we identify a highly significant relation between the plateau phase decay rate and peak luminosity among our SNe IIP. These results argue in favor of a single parameter, likely determined by initial stellar mass, predominantly controlling the explosions of red supergiants. This relation could also be applied for supernova cosmology, offering a standardizable candle good to an intrinsic scatter of 0.2 mag. We compare each light curve to physical models from hydrodynamic simulations to estimate progenitor initial masses and other properties of the Pan-STARRS1 Type IIP SN sample. We show that correction of systematic discrepancies between modeled and observed SN IIP light curve properties and an expanded grid of progenitor properties, are needed to enable robust progenitor inferences from multi-band light curve samples of this kind. This work will serve as a pathfinder for photometric studies of core-collapse SNe to be conducted through future wide field transient searches.
description: 25 pages plus tables, 19 figures, V2 matches version published in ApJ
Dataset attributes and range of variation
Creators: name: Serrano-Mamolar, Ana
name: Miguel Alonso, Inés
name: Checa, David
name: Pardo-Aguilar, Carlos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Stream and sensor data

description: A dataset was created to collect data from diferent VR experiences carried out with 63 subjects. It included two types of data: 1) global data from each exercise; and 2) user performance data. The dataset used for experimentaion within this work is summarized in this table.
Pirateninsel – Entwicklung eines Lesespiels zur Verbesserung der Leseflüssigkeit für Kinder mit Leseschwierigkeiten in der orthographischen Phase des Leseerwerbs
Creators: name: Meier, Alexandra
name: Klaus, Norina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Logopädie
Bachelorarbeit
Lese-Rechtschreib-Schwierigkeiten
Lesespiel

description: Lese-Rechtschreib-Schwierigkeiten zählen zu den am meisten vorkommenden Entwicklungsstörungen von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Schulalter. Die Defizite in der Lesekompetenz, welche im Fokus dieser Arbeit liegen, zeigen sich häufig auch noch im Erwachsenenalter und beeinträchtigen die Teilhabe an sozialen und beruflichen Tätigkeiten (Mayer, 2018b). Mit dem Ziel, die Lesekompetenz von Kindern mit Leseschwierigkeiten systematisch zu verbessern, wurde im Rahmen dieser Entwicklungsarbeit ein Lesespiel erstellt, welches zur Verbesserung der Leseflüssigkeit in der logopädischen Therapie eingesetzt werden kann. Als Vorarbeit wurde, aufbauend auf dem Theorieteil zu den Themen Lesen, Motivation und Spiel, ein Kriterienraster ausgearbeitet, mit dem Ziel, eine Grundlage für die Entwicklung von Lesespielen zur Verbesserung der Lesekompetenz zu geben. Das Kriterienraster gibt einen Überblick über die Bedingungen und Möglichkeiten eines Spiels zur Förderung und Therapie bei Leseschwierigkeiten und zeigt die Anforderungen an ein Lesespiel auf. Anhand des Kriterienrasters wurden die Kriterien für den Einsatzbereich, des in dieser Arbeit entwickelten Lesespiels, festgelegt. Als Produkt liegt das Lesespiel «Pirateninsel» vor, welches mittels eines Fragebogens evaluiert wurde. Zum Abschluss der Arbeit werden die anhand der Auswertung vorgenommenen Anpassungen am Lesespiel vorgestellt. Zudem wird ein Ausblick auf Fortsetzungsmöglichkeiten der Arbeit und des Lesespiels gegeben.
Effects of Intermediate Mass Black Holes on Nuclear Star Clusters
Creators: name: Mastrobuono-Battisti, Alessandra
name: Perets, Hagai B.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) are dense stellar clusters observed in galactic nuclei, typically hosting a central massive black hole. Here we study the possible formation and evolution of NSCs through the inspiral of multiple star clusters hosting intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs). Using an N-body code we examine the dynamics of the IMBHs and their effects on the NSC. We find that IMBHs inspiral to the core of the newly formed NSC and segregate there. Although the IMBHs scatter each other and the stars, none of them is ejected from the NSC. The IMBHs are excited to high eccentricities and their radial density profile develops a steep power-law cusp. The stars also develop a power-law cusp (instead of the central core that forms in their absence), but with a shallower slope. The relaxation rate of the NSC is accelerated due to the presence of IMBHs, which act as massive-perturbers. This in turn fills the loss-cone and boosts the tidal disruption rate of stars both by the MBH and the IMBHs to a value excluded by rate estimates based on current observations. Rate estimates of tidal disruptions can therefore provide a cumulative constraint on the existence of IMBHs in NSCs.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Comments are welcome
Improved Hölder regularity for strongly elliptic PDEs
Creators: name: Astala, Kari
name: Clop, Albert
name: Faraco, Daniel
name: Jääskeläinen, Jarmo
name: Koski, Aleksis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C62 (Primary), 35J60, 35B65 (Secondary)

description: We establish surprising improved Schauder regularity properties for solutions to the Leray-Lions divergence type equation in the plane. The results are achieved by studying the nonlinear Beltrami equation and making use of special new relations between these two equations. In particular, we show that solutions to an autonomous Beltrami equation enjoy a quantitative improved degree of Hölder regularity, higher than what is given by the classical exponent $1/K$.
description: 29 pages
From a microscopic inertial active matter model to the Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Vrugt, Michael te
name: Frohoff-Hülsmann, Tobias
name: Heifetz, Eyal
name: Thiele, Uwe
name: Wittkowski, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field theories for the one-body density of an active fluid, such as the paradigmatic active model B+, are simple yet very powerful tools for describing phenomena such as motility-induced phase separation. No comparable theory has been derived yet for the underdamped case. In this work, we introduce active model I+, an extension of active model B+ to particles with inertia. The governing equations of active model I+ are systematically derived from the microscopic Langevin equations. We show that, for underdamped active particles, thermodynamic and mechanical definitions of the velocity field no longer coincide and that the density-dependent swimming speed plays the role of an effective viscosity. Moreover, active model I+ contains the Schrödinger equation in Madelung form as a limiting case, allowing to find analoga of the quantum-mechanical tunnel effect and of fuzzy dark matter in the active fluid. We investigate the active tunnel effect analytically and via numerical continuation.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Crystal elasto-plasticity on the Poincaré half-plane
Creators: name: Arbib, Edoardo
name: Biscari, Paolo
name: Bortoloni, Luca
name: Patriarca, Clara
name: Zanzotto, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the nonlinear variational modelling of two-dimensional (2D) crystal plasticity based on strain energies which are invariant under the full symmetry group of 2D lattices. We use a natural parameterization of strain space via the upper complex Poincaré half-plane. This transparently displays the constraints imposed by lattice symmetry on the energy landscape. Quasi-static energy minimization naturally induces bursty plastic flow and shape change in the crystal due to the underlying coordinated basin-hopping local strain activity. This is mediated by the nucleation, interaction, and annihilation of lattice defects occurring with no need for auxiliary hypotheses. Numerical simulations highlight the marked effect of symmetry on all these processes. The kinematical atlas induced by symmetry on strain space elucidates how the arrangement of the energy extremals and the possible bifurcations of the strain-jump paths affect the plastification mechanisms and defect-pattern complexity in the lattice.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
Das Modalitätsprinzip im multimedialen Instruktionsdesign: Empirische Basis, theoretische Erklärungen und vernachlässigte Faktoren.
Creators: name: Stiller, Klaus D.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Das Modalitätsprinzip ist eine empirisch fundierte Gestaltungsrichtlinie für Lehrmaterialien aus Texten und Bildern. Es empfiehlt Erläuterungen zu Visualisierungen gesprochen anstatt geschrieben zu präsentieren. Die bevorzugten Erklärungen führen die empirisch festgestellten Modalitätseffekte auf eine übermäßige Belastung des visuell-räumlichen Subsystems des Arbeitsspeichers durch die gleichzeitige Verarbeitung geschriebener Texte und Bilder oder auf den Effekt der geteilten visuellen Aufmerksamkeit zwischen diesen Informationsquellen zurück. Weiterhin werden Lernbeeinträchtigungen durch die notwendigen Blickbewegungen beim Lesen und in Spezialfällen der Vorteil auditiver Texte durch die längere Verfügbarkeit von Gesprochenem im auditiven Register berücksichtigt. Erklärungen durch die zeitliche Trennung aufeinanderfolgender Informationseinheiten, sowie motivationsförderliche Eigenschaften gesprochener Texte werden kaum herangezogen. Es werden die Modalitätseffekte konstituierenden Faktoren aufgezeigt und Folgerungen für Theorie und Empirie gezogen.
Supplementary document for Dual-Channel Graphene-Based Optical Metasurface Switch at Telecommunication Wavelengths - 6255169.pdf
Creators: name: KUMARI, RASHMI
name: Sharma, Shubhanshi
name: Varshney, Shailendra
name: Lahiri, Basudev
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Optical properties of graphene, electric field distribution at both resonances, four possible states after proper biasing.
Homological dimensions of rigid modules
Creators: name: Celikbas, Olgur
name: Gheibi, Mohsen
name: Zargar, Majid Rahro
name: Sadeghi, Arash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain various characterizations of commutative Noetherian local rings $(R, \fm)$ in terms of homological dimensions of certain finitely generated modules. For example, we establish that $R$ is Gorenstein if the Gorenstein injective dimension of the maximal ideal $\fm$ of $R$ is finite. Furthermore we prove that $R$ must be regular if a single $\Ext_{R}^{n}(I,J)$ vanishes for some integrally closed $\fm$-primary ideals $I$ and $J$ of $R$ and for some integer $n\geq \dim(R)$. Along the way we observe that local rings that admit maximal Cohen-Macaulay Tor-rigid modules are Cohen-Macaulay.
description: Major revision; title and abstract has been edited, new sections included
The looping rate and sandpile density of planar graphs
Creators: name: Kassel, Adrien
name: Wilson, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B20, 60C05, 05C05, 05C50

description: We give a simple formula for the looping rate of loop-erased random walk on a finite planar graph. The looping rate is closely related to the expected amount of sand in a recurrent sandpile on the graph. The looping rate formula is well-suited to taking limits where the graph tends to an infinite lattice, and we use it to give an elementary derivation of the (previously computed) looping rate and sandpile densities of the square, triangular, and honeycomb lattices, and compute (for the first time) the looping rate and sandpile densities of many other lattices, such as the kagome lattice, the dice lattice, and the truncated hexagonal lattice (for which the values are all rational), and the square-octagon lattice (for which it is transcendental).
Construction of sequences with high nonlinear complexity from a generalization of the Hermitian function field
Creators: name: Castellanos, Alonso S.
name: Quoos, Luciane
name: Tizziotti, Guilherme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 11K45, 68Q30, 94A55, 94A60

description: For $r \geq 1$ an odd integer, we provide a sequence from the function field $\mathcal{F}_{q, r}$ of the maximal curve over $\mathbb{F}_{q^{2r}}$ defined by the affine equation $y^q+y=x^{q^r + 1}$. This sequence has high nonlinear complexity, and this fact comes from the existence of a rational function on $\mathcal{F}_{q, r}$ with pole divisor of small degree, and support in certain $q$ rational places.
On $τ$-tilting finite simply connected algebras
Creators: name: Wang, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that $τ$-tilting finite simply connected algebras are representation-finite. Then, some related algebras are considered, including iterated tilted algebras, tubular algebras and so on. We also prove that the $τ$-tilting finiteness of non-sincere algebras can be reduced to that of sincere algebras. This motivates us to give a complete list of $τ$-tilting finite sincere simply connected algebras.
description: 30 pages, final version, accepted by Tsukuba Journal of Mathematics
Monge Ampère functionals and the second boundary value problem
Creators: name: Chau, Albert
name: Weinkove, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a Monge-Ampère functional and its corresponding second boundary value problem, a nonlinear fourth order PDE with two Dirichlet boundary conditions. This problem was solved by Trudinger-Wang and Le under the assumption that the right hand side of the equation is nonpositive. We remove this assumption, to settle the case of the second boundary value problem with arbitrary right hand side, in dimensions $n \ge 2$. In particular, this shows that one can prescribe the affine mean curvature of the graph of a convex function with Dirichlet boundary conditions on the function and the determinant of its Hessian. We relate our results, and the case of $n=1$, to a notion of properness for a certain functional on the set of convex functions.
description: 15 pages, v2 final version with minor changes in wording, typos corrected, to appear in Math. Res. Lett
Why did I fail? A Causal-based Method to Find Explanations for Robot Failures
Creators: name: Diehl, Maximilian
name: Ramirez-Amaro, Karinne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robot failures in human-centered environments are inevitable. Therefore, the ability of robots to explain such failures is paramount for interacting with humans to increase trust and transparency. To achieve this skill, the main challenges addressed in this paper are I) acquiring enough data to learn a cause-effect model of the environment and II) generating causal explanations based on that model. We address I) by learning a causal Bayesian network from simulation data. Concerning II), we propose a novel method that enables robots to generate contrastive explanations upon task failures. The explanation is based on setting the failure state in contrast with the closest state that would have allowed for a successful execution. This state is found through breadth-first search and is based on success predictions from the learned causal model. We assessed our method in two different scenarios I) stacking cubes and II) dropping spheres into a container. The obtained causal models reach a sim2real accuracy of 70% and 72%, respectively. We finally show that our novel method scales over multiple tasks and allows real robots to give failure explanations like 'the upper cube was stacked too high and too far to the right of the lower cube.'
description: accepted at IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (June 2022)
Verfassungsfunktionen der Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention
Creators: name: Uerpmann, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 340 Recht

description: Die Europäischen Menschenrechtskonvention ist zu einer Menschenrechtsverfassung der europäischen Staatengemeinschaft geworden. Sie kann auch innerstaatlich Verfassungsfunktionen übernehmen. Welche Funktionen ihr zukommen, ist von Land zu Land verschieden. Die innerstaatliche Bedeutung der Konvention hängt einerseits von der Qualität des nationalen Menschenrechtsschutzes ab und andererseits von der Art, wie sie in das nationale Recht inkorporiert worden ist. Ist der nationale Grundrechtskatalog defizitär, kommt die Europäische Menschenrechtskonvention in ihrer Lückenschließungsfunktion zum Tragen. Kommt der Konvention innerstaatlich ein besonders hoher Rang zu, wird sie in ihrer Maßstabsfunktion wichtig. Ist die nationale Rechtsordnung hingegen hinreichend vollständig und flexibel, um jederzeit konventionskonforme Ergebnisse zu ermöglichen, kann sich die Europäische Menschenrechtskonvention auf eine bloße Anstoßfunktion zurückziehen. Die Anstoßfunktion wird vor allem dann aktualisiert, wenn der Straßburger Gerichtshof durch ein Urteil einen Impuls für die nationale Rechtsentwicklung gibt, wie es bei den süddeutschen Feuerwehrabgaben der Fall war.
Benchmarking Supercomputers with the Jülich Universal Quantum Computer Simulator
Creators: name: Willsch, Dennis
name: Lagemann, Hannes
name: Willsch, Madita
name: Jin, Fengping
name: De Raedt, Hans
name: Michielsen, Kristel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a massively parallel simulator of a universal quantum computer to benchmark some of the most powerful supercomputers in the world. We find nearly ideal scaling behavior on the Sunway TaihuLight, the K computer, the IBM BlueGene/Q JUQUEEN, and the Intel Xeon based clusters JURECA and JUWELS. On the Sunway TaihuLight and the K computer, universal quantum computers with up to 48 qubits can be simulated by means of an adaptive two-byte encoding to reduce the memory requirements by a factor of eight. Additionally, we discuss an alternative approach to alleviate the memory bottleneck by decomposing entangling gates such that low-depth circuits with a much larger number of qubits can be simulated.
description: This article is a book contribution based on arXiv:1805.04708
Load balancing in a network of queueing-inventory systems
Creators: name: Otten, Sonja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K25, 68M20, 90B22, 90B05, 90B06

description: We study a supply chain consisting of production-inventory systems at several locations which are coupled by a common supplier. Demand of customers arrives at each production system according to a Poisson process and is lost if the local inventory is depleted ("lost sales"). To satisfy a customer's demand a server at the production system needs raw material from the associated local inventory. The supplier manufactures raw material to replenish the local inventories, which are controlled by a continuous review base stock policy. The routing of items depends on the on-hand inventory at the locations with the aim to obtain "load balancing". We show that the stationary distribution has a product form of the marginal distributions of the production subsystem and the inventory-replenishment subsystem. For the marginal distribution of the production subsystem we derive an explicit solution and for the marginal distribution of the inventory-replenishment subsystem we derive an explicit solution resp. a recursive algorithm for some special cases.
Survey of Network Intrusion Detection Methods from the Perspective of the Knowledge Discovery in Databases Process
Creators: name: Molina-Coronado, Borja
name: Mori, Usue
name: Mendiburu, Alexander
name: Miguel-Alonso, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.0; I.5.4

description: The identification of cyberattacks which target information and communication systems has been a focus of the research community for years. Network intrusion detection is a complex problem which presents a diverse number of challenges. Many attacks currently remain undetected, while newer ones emerge due to the proliferation of connected devices and the evolution of communication technology. In this survey, we review the methods that have been applied to network data with the purpose of developing an intrusion detector, but contrary to previous reviews in the area, we analyze them from the perspective of the Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) process. As such, we discuss the techniques used for the capture, preparation and transformation of the data, as well as, the data mining and evaluation methods. In addition, we also present the characteristics and motivations behind the use of each of these techniques and propose more adequate and up-to-date taxonomies and definitions for intrusion detectors based on the terminology used in the area of data mining and KDD. Special importance is given to the evaluation procedures followed to assess the different detectors, discussing their applicability in current real networks. Finally, as a result of this literature review, we investigate some open issues which will need to be considered for further research in the area of network security.
Konstytucyjne funkcje Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka
Creators: name: Uerpmann, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 340 Recht

description: Podsumowując należy stwierdzić, że Europejska Konwencja Praw Człowieka stała się Konstytucją praw człowieka europejskiej wspólnoty państw. W porządkach krajowych spełnia także pewne funkcje konstytucyjne. To jakie funkcje będzie pełniła różnie się kształtuje w poszczególnych państwach. Znaczenie Konwencji w krajowym porządku prawnym zależy z jednej strony od jakości krajowej ochrony praw człowieka, a z drugiej strony od sposobu w jaki Konwencja została inkorporowana do prawa krajowego. Jeżeli krajowy katalog praw człowieka jest niepełny, Europejskiej Konwencji Praw Człowieka przypada funkcja uzupełniania luk. Jeżeli Konwencja zajmuje wysoką rangę w krajowym porządku prawnym, funkcja wzorca nabiera szczególnego znaczenia. Jeżeli natomiast krajowy porządek prawny jest wystarczająco pełny i elastyczny, aby w każdym momencie umożliwić przychylną Konwencji interpretację, funkcja Konwencji sprowadza się jedynie do dawania impulsu. Funkcja impulsu staje przede wszystkim wtedy aktualna, gdy strasburski Trybunał daje impuls dla rozwoju prawa krajowego, tak jak było to w sprawie południowoniemieckich opłat na rzecz straży pożarnej.
description: Polnische Fassung des deutschsprachigen Vortrags, übersetzt durch mgr. Magdalena Jankowska-Gilberg.
Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity from 800,000 photometric quasars
Creators: name: Leistedt, Boris
name: Peiris, Hiranya V.
name: Roth, Nina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive robust constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) using the clustering of 800,000 photometric quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey in the redshift range $0.5
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. v3: version accepted in PRL. v4: systematics templates publicly available on www.earlyuniverse.org/code, no change to paper
Kazhdan-Lusztig conjectures and shadows of Hodge theory
Creators: name: Elias, Ben
name: Williamson, Geordie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an informal introduction to the authors' work on some conjectures of Kazhdan and Lusztig, building on work of Soergel and de Cataldo-Migliorini. This article is an expanded version of a lecture given by the second author at the Arbeitstagung in memory of Friedrich Hirzebruch.
description: 18 pages, final version, thanks for the referee and Migliorini for comments
THE STUDY OF RESERVOIR DISTRIBUTION AND CONNECTIVITY USING SEISMIC ATTRIBUTES, CENTRAL PATTANI BASIN, GULF OF THAILAND
Creators: name: Nusara Adisaipattanakul
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Reservoir distribution, Reservoir connectivity, Reservoir compartments, Seismic attributes, Variance attribute, RMS amplitude

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 9, 2, 53-61
CONTROLS ON POROSITY IN SANDSTONE RESERVOIRS IN SOUTHERN PATTANI BASIN, GULF OF THAILAND
Creators: name: Pongtachchai Panachaiboonpipop
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Porosity trend, Sandstone reservoir, Southern Pattani Basin, Cementation

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 9, 2, 62-69
Bayesian Neural Networks With Maximum Mean Discrepancy Regularization
Creators: name: Pomponi, Jary
name: Scardapane, Simone
name: Uncini, Aurelio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian Neural Networks (BNNs) are trained to optimize an entire distribution over their weights instead of a single set, having significant advantages in terms of, e.g., interpretability, multi-task learning, and calibration. Because of the intractability of the resulting optimization problem, most BNNs are either sampled through Monte Carlo methods, or trained by minimizing a suitable Evidence Lower BOund (ELBO) on a variational approximation. In this paper, we propose a variant of the latter, wherein we replace the Kullback-Leibler divergence in the ELBO term with a Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD) estimator, inspired by recent work in variational inference. After motivating our proposal based on the properties of the MMD term, we proceed to show a number of empirical advantages of the proposed formulation over the state-of-the-art. In particular, our BNNs achieve higher accuracy on multiple benchmarks, including several image classification tasks. In addition, they are more robust to the selection of a prior over the weights, and they are better calibrated. As a second contribution, we provide a new formulation for estimating the uncertainty on a given prediction, showing it performs in a more robust fashion against adversarial attacks and the injection of noise over their inputs, compared to more classical criteria such as the differential entropy.
Ultrafast Liquid Water Transport Through Graphene-Based Nanochannels Measured by Isotope Labelling
Creators: name: Sun, Pengzhan
name: Liu, He
name: Wang, Kunlin
name: Zhong, Minlin
name: Wu, Dehai
name: Zhu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene-based laminates, with ultralong and tortuous nanocapillaries formed by simply stacking graphene flakes together, have great promises in filtration and separation. However, the information on liquid water trans-membrane permeation is lacking, which is the most fundamental problem and of crucial importance in solution-based mass transport. Here, based on isotope labelling, we investigate the liquid water transportation through graphene-based nanocapillaries under no external hydrostatic pressures. Liquid water can afford an unimpeded permeation through graphene-based nanochannels with a diffusion coefficient 4~5 orders of magnitude larger than through sub-micrometer-sized polymeric channels. When dissolving ions in sources, the diffusion coefficient of ions through graphene channels lies in the same order of magnitude as water, while the ion diffusion is faster than water, indicating that the ions are mainly transported by fast water flows and the delicate interactions between ions and nanocapillary walls also take effect in the accelerated ion transportation.
ADAPT-VQE is insensitive to rough parameter landscapes and barren plateaus
Creators: name: Grimsley, Harper R.
name: Barron, George S.
name: Barnes, Edwin
name: Economou, Sophia E.
name: Mayhall, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs) represent a powerful class of hybrid quantum-classical algorithms for computing molecular energies. Various numerical issues exist for these methods, however, including barren plateaus and large numbers of local minima. In this work, we consider Adaptive, Problem-Tailored (ADAPT)-VQE ansätze, and examine how they are impacted by these local minima. We find that while ADAPT-VQE does not remove local minima, the gradient-informed, one-operator-at-a-time circuit construction seems to accomplish two things: First, it provides an initialization strategy that is dramatically better than random initialization, and which is applicable in situations where chemical intuition cannot help with initialization, i.e., when Hartree-Fock is a poor approximation to the ground state. Second, even if an ADAPT-VQE iteration converges to a local trap at one step, it can still "burrow" toward the exact solution by adding more operators, which preferentially deepens the occupied trap. This same mechanism helps highlight a surprising feature of ADAPT-VQE: It should not suffer optimization problems due to "barren plateaus". Even if barren plateaus appear in the parameter landscape, our analysis and simulations reveal that ADAPT-VQE avoids such regions by design.
Forcing a sparse minor
Creators: name: Reed, Bruce
name: Wood, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper addresses the following question for a given graph $H$: what is the minimum number $f(H)$ such that every graph with average degree at least $f(H)$ contains $H$ as a minor? Due to connections with Hadwiger's Conjecture, this question has been studied in depth when $H$ is a complete graph. Kostochka and Thomason independently proved that $f(K_t)=ct\sqrt{\ln t}$. More generally, Myers and Thomason determined $f(H)$ when $H$ has a super-linear number of edges. We focus on the case when $H$ has a linear number of edges. Our main result, which complements the result of Myers and Thomason, states that if $H$ has $t$ vertices and average degree $d$ at least some absolute constant, then $f(H)\leq 3.895\sqrt{\ln d}\,t$. Furthermore, motivated by the case when $H$ has small average degree, we prove that if $H$ has $t$ vertices and $q$ edges, then $f(H) \leq t+6.291q$ (where the coefficient of 1 in the $t$ term is best possible).
The Baltic Politics of Post-War Accountability for Russia
Creators: name: Mälksoo, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: A blog contribution to the MEMOCRACY debate The Omnipresence of Divergent Historical Narratives in Law and Politics, published in Verfassungsblog, 5 February 2025, https://verfassungsblog.de/the-baltic-politics-of-post-war-accountability-for-russia/.
Topological invariants in interacting Quantum Spin Hall: a Cluster Perturbation Theory approach
Creators: name: Grandi, F.
name: Manghi, F.
name: Corradini, O.
name: Bertoni, C. M.
name: Bonini, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Cluster Perturbation Theory we calculate Green's functions, quasi-particle energies and topological invariants for interacting electrons on a 2-D honeycomb lattice, with intrinsic spin-orbit coupling and on-site e-e interaction. This allows to define the parameter range (Hubbard U vs spin-orbit coupling) where the 2D system behaves as a trivial insulator or Quantum Spin Hall insulator. This behavior is confirmed by the existence of gapless quasi-particle states in honeycomb ribbons. We have discussed the importance of the cluster symmetry and the effects of the lack of full translation symmetry typical of CPT and of most Quantum Cluster approaches. Comments on the limits of applicability of the method are also provided.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures: discussion improved, one figure added, references updated. Matches version published in New J. Phys
Learning Geometry-Dependent and Physics-Based Inverse Image Reconstruction
Creators: name: Jiang, Xiajun
name: Ghimire, Sandesh
name: Dhamala, Jwala
name: Li, Zhiyuan
name: Gyawali, Prashnna Kumar
name: Wang, Linwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks have shown great potential in image reconstruction problems in Euclidean space. However, many reconstruction problems involve imaging physics that are dependent on the underlying non-Euclidean geometry. In this paper, we present a new approach to learn inverse imaging that exploit the underlying geometry and physics. We first introduce a non-Euclidean encoding-decoding network that allows us to describe the unknown and measurement variables over their respective geometrical domains. We then learn the geometry-dependent physics in between the two domains by explicitly modeling it via a bipartite graph over the graphical embedding of the two geometry. We applied the presented network to reconstructing electrical activity on the heart surface from body-surface potential. In a series of generalization tasks with increasing difficulty, we demonstrated the improved ability of the presented network to generalize across geometrical changes underlying the data in comparison to its Euclidean alternatives.
A generalization of the Entropy Power Inequality to Bosonic Quantum Systems
Creators: name: De Palma, Giacomo
name: Mari, Andrea
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In most communication schemes information is transmitted via travelling modes of electromagnetic radiation. These modes are unavoidably subject to environmental noise along any physical transmission medium and the quality of the communication channel strongly depends on the minimum noise achievable at the output. For classical signals such noise can be rigorously quantified in terms of the associated Shannon entropy and it is subject to a fundamental lower bound called entropy power inequality. Electromagnetic fields are however quantum mechanical systems and then, especially in low intensity signals, the quantum nature of the information carrier cannot be neglected and many important results derived within classical information theory require non-trivial extensions to the quantum regime. Here we prove one possible generalization of the Entropy Power Inequality to quantum bosonic systems. The impact of this inequality in quantum information theory is potentially large and some relevant implications are considered in this work.
Diplomatic Agency and Contested Loyalties: The Yemeni Foreign Service after 2011
Creators: name: Kuschnitzki, Judit
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Diplomacy
State
Middle East
Practice Theory
Yemen
Diplomatic Service
Multi-Site Ethnography

description: This thesis examines how political conflict in Yemen has played out within the country’s diplomatic corps since 2011. Drawing on nine months of fieldwork, it analyses the complex interplay of socio-political, personal, and material forces that informed the maintenance and partial reworking of Yemeni foreign policy institutions at a time of crisis. It argues that the coexistence of institutional endurance and change constitutes a paradox that can only be grasped by conceptualizing the Yemeni foreign service as a dynamic, fragmented, and internally uneven socio-material institution. It finds that institutional boundaries are highly permeable, allowing broader socio-political changes to impact internal institutional developments. In the Yemeni diplomatic service, regime change and war translated into a particular professional challenge, marked by shifting and diversified diplomatic practices, attitudes, forms, and functions. Notwithstanding such change, strands of continuity prevailed, rooted in material institutional structures, as well as staffing policies, professional norms, and personal thoughts and emotions. In the process of examining internal change and continuity, this thesis sheds light on the controversial yet central notions of diplomatic loyalty and professionalism, while further fleshing out the concept of diplomatic agency, which is shown to underlie both revolutionary and counter-revolutionary processes. This study challenges the Western-centric bias in contemporary diplomacy research and constitutes an important step toward a radically heterogeneous imagination of diplomats and diplomatic practice. Its empirical insights unsettle widespread perceptions of global diplomacy as a homogeneous professional field marked by bounded state interests, material luxury, and shared professional conduct. This thesis also adds to the multidisciplinary field of state theory, using the case of the Yemeni foreign service to explain the historical entanglement of diplomacy, international recognition, sovereignty, and a government’s successful claim to “statehood”.
description: Pembroke College; Cambridge Trust; Economic and Social Research Council; British International Studies Association
Chirality driven topological electronic structure of DNA-like materials
Creators: name: Liu, Yizhou
name: Xiao, Jiewen
name: Koo, Jahyun
name: Yan, Binghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological aspects of the geometry of DNA and similar chiral molecules have received a lot of attention, while the topology of their electronic structure is less explored. Previous experiments have revealed that DNA can efficiently filter spin-polarized electrons between metal contacts, a process called chiral-induced spin-selectivity (CISS). However, the underlying correlation between chiral structure and electronic spin remains elusive. In this work, we reveal an orbital texture in the band structure, a topological characteristic induced by the chirality. We find that this orbital texture enables the chiral molecule to polarize the quantum orbital. This orbital polarization effect (OPE) induces spin polarization assisted by the spin-orbit interaction from a metal contact and leads to magnetorestistance and chiral separation. The orbital angular momentum of photoelectrons also plays an essential role in related photoemission experiments. Beyond CISS, we predict that OPE can induce spin-selective phenomena even in achiral but inversion-breaking materials.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures, and Supplementary Materials
Network of the Hubs of success
Creators: name: Universitè Savoie Mont Blanc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This document outlines the implementation of the Unita Hub of Sucess (HoS).
 The HoS refers to a group of administrative and academic staff devoted to support and to counsel students on Unita mobility experiences.
 A spreadsheet gathering all the informations is available on the Datacloud WP2 folder.
description: UNITA Grant number 101004082