cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Risk Factors of Progression to Frailty
Creators: name: Wee, Shiou Liang
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Geriatrics and gerontology

description:
 Objectives: To investigate risk factors of incident physical frailty. Design: A population-based observational longitudinal study. Setting: Community-dwelling elderly with age 55 years and above recruited from 2009 through 2011 in the second wave Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study-2 (SLAS-2) were followed up 3-5 years later. Participants: A total of 1297 participants, mean age of 65.6 ±0.19, who were free of physical frailty. Measurements: Incident frailty defined by three or more criteria of the physical phenotype used in the Cardiovascular Health Study was determined at follow-up. Potential risk factors assessed at baseline included demographic, socioeconomic, medical, psychological factors, and biochemical markers. Results: A total of 204 (15.7%) participants, including 81 (10.87%) of the robust and 123 (22.28%) of the prefrail transited to frailty at follow-up. Age, no education, MMSE score, diabetes, prediabetes and diabetes, arthritis, ≥5 medications, fair and poor self-rated health, moderate to high nutritional risk (NSI ≥3), Hb (g/dL), CRP (mg/L), low B12, low folate, albumin (g/L), low total cholesterol, adjusted for sex, age and education, were significantly associated (p<0.05) with incident frailty. In stepwise selection models, age (year) (OR=1.07, 95%CI=1.03-1.10, p<0.001), albumin (g/L) (OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.77-0.94, p=0.002), MMSE score (OR=0.88, 95%CI=0.78-0.98, p=0.02), low folate (OR=3.72, 95%CI=1.17-11.86, p=0.03, and previous hospitalization (OR=2.26, 95%CI=1.01-5.04,p=0.05) were significantly associated with incident frailty. Conclusions: The study revealed multiple modifiable risk factors, especially related to poor nutrition, for which preventive measures and early management could potentially halt or delay the development of frailty.
Houdini for Astrophysical Visualization
Creators: name: Naiman, J. P.
name: Borkiewicz, Kalina
name: Christensen, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid growth in scale and complexity of both computational and observational astrophysics over the past decade necessitates efficient and intuitive methods for examining and visualizing large datasets. Here we discuss some newly developed tools to import and manipulate astrophysical data into the three dimensional visual effects software, {\it Houdini}. This software is widely used by visual effects artists, but a recently implemented Python API now allows astronomers to more easily use Houdini as a visualization tool. This paper includes a description of features, work flow, and various example visualizations. The project website, www.ytini.com, contains Houdini tutorials and links to the Python script Bitbucket repository aimed at a scientific audience to simplify the process of importing and rendering astrophysical data.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in PASP Special Focus Issue: Techniques and Methods for Astrophysical Data Visualization
Not so sweet diabetes: a rare case of postpartum central diabetes insipidus
Creators: name: Zhen, Xi May
name: Wong, Kirby
name: Fernandes, Amelia
name: Kean, Anne-Maree
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Not so sweet diabetes: a rare case of postpartum central diabetes insipidus
Protective Role of Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Conditioned Medium in the Infarcted Myocardium: The Potential Role of Selected Cytokines
Creators: name: Amirfarhangi A
name: Dezfouli MG
name: Abarkar M
name: K, Rakhshan
name: Dashti S
name: Fattahi-Dolat Abadi M
name: Nobakht M
name: Mousavi Shabestari T
name: Aboutaleb N
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110708 Transplantation Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This study examines the protective effects of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned (CM) medium on heart tissue after induced myocardial infarction (MI). New Zealand White Rabbits were divided: MI, mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) (300 µl), CM(300 µl) and Control. Echocardiography was applied, and the levels ofIL-6, TGF-β and TNF-α were analyzed using ELISA. All tests were done 1, 4 and 8 weeks after the surgery. Histological studies were done 8 weeks after surgery. CM group showed a significant improvement in cardiac function. The level of IL-6 increased significantly in all weeks after surgery in CM. While the level of TNF-α increased remarkebly in CM group in 4th week. TGF-β decreased significantly in CM group at all the times. Histological findings confirmed the tissue protection effect of CM. In conclusion, our results support the protective role of CM through its paracrine effects on the MI-induced heart.
Ptycho-endoscopy on a lensless ultrathin fiber bundle tip
Creators: name: Song, Pengming
name: Wang, Ruihai
name: Loetgering, Lars
name: Liu, Jia
name: Vouras, Peter
name: Lee, Yujin
name: Jiang, Shaowei
name: Feng, Bin
name: Maiden, Andrew
name: Yang, Changhuei
name: Zheng, Guoan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) utilizes an aircraft-carried antenna to emit electromagnetic pulses and detect the returning echoes. As the aircraft travels across a designated area, it synthesizes a large virtual aperture to improve image resolution. Inspired by SAR, we introduce synthetic aperture ptycho-endoscopy (SAPE) for micro-endoscopic imaging beyond the diffraction limit. SAPE operates by hand-holding a lensless fiber bundle tip to record coherent diffraction patterns from specimens. The fiber cores at the distal tip modulate the diffracted wavefield within a confined area, emulating the role of the 'airborne antenna' in SAR. The handheld operation introduces positional shifts to the tip, analogous to the aircraft's movement. These shifts facilitate the acquisition of a ptychogram and synthesize a large virtual aperture extending beyond the bundle's physical limit. We mitigate the influences of hand motion and fiber bending through a low-rank spatiotemporal decomposition of the bundle's modulation profile. Our tests demonstrate the ability to resolve a 548-nm linewidth on a resolution target. The achieved space-bandwidth product is ~1.1 million effective pixels, representing a 36-fold increase compared to that of the original fiber bundle. Furthermore, SAPE's refocusing capability enables imaging over an extended depth of field exceeding 2 cm. The aperture synthesizing process in SAPE surpasses the diffraction limit set by the probe's maximum collection angle, opening new opportunities for both fiber-based and distal-chip endoscopy in applications such as medical diagnostics and industrial inspection.
Additional file 1 of Ambient air pollution associated with incidence and dynamic progression of type 2 diabetes: a trajectory analysis of a population-based cohort
Creators: name: Wu, Yinglin
name: Zhang, Shiyu
name: Qian, Samantha E.
name: Cai, Miao
name: Li, Haitao
name: Wang, Chongjian
name: Zou, Hongtao
name: Chen, Lan
name: Vaughn, Michael G.
name: McMillin, Stephen Edward
name: Lin, Hualiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Details of outcomes. Table S1. The UDI, definition and measurements of covariates. Table S2. Characteristics of the participants included or excluded in the study. Table S3. Distributions of the annual average exposures among 398,993 participants. Table S4. Associations between air pollution and risk of cause-specific mortality. Table S5. Results of 2-pollutant models. Table S6. Results of sensitivity analyses in the model including traffic noise (n = 393,515). Table S7. Results of sensitivity analyses using different time intervals. Table S8. Results of sensitivity analyses after excluding deaths not from diabetes or diabetes complications (n = 380,437). Table S9. Results of sensitivity analyses using complete data (n = 318,019). Table S10. Results excluding the participants diagnosed with T2D and complications on the same date (n = 396,961). Figure S1. Flowchart of participants included in this study. Figure S2. Transitions from baseline to T2D, diabetes complications, and cause-specific mortality. Figure S3. Spearman’s correlation coefficients between air pollutant exposures. Figure S4. Exposure-response associations between air pollution exposure and different transitions of T2D. Figure S5. Effect modifications of the association between PM10 and five transitions of T2D. Figure S6. Effect modifications of the association between PM2.5 and five transitions of T2D. Figure S7. Effect modifications of the association between NOx and five transitions of T2D. Figure S8. Effect modifications of the association between NO2 and five transitions of T2D.
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Wee, Shiou Liang
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Geriatrics and gerontology

description:
 Objectives: To investigate risk factors of incident physical frailty. Design: A population-based observational longitudinal study. Setting: Community-dwelling elderly with age 55 years and above recruited from 2009 through 2011 in the second wave Singapore Longitudinal Ageing Study-2 (SLAS-2) were followed up 3-5 years later. Participants: A total of 1297 participants, mean age of 65.6 ±0.19, who were free of physical frailty. Measurements: Incident frailty defined by three or more criteria of the physical phenotype used in the Cardiovascular Health Study was determined at follow-up. Potential risk factors assessed at baseline included demographic, socioeconomic, medical, psychological factors, and biochemical markers. Results: A total of 204 (15.7%) participants, including 81 (10.87%) of the robust and 123 (22.28%) of the prefrail transited to frailty at follow-up. Age, no education, MMSE score, diabetes, prediabetes and diabetes, arthritis, ≥5 medications, fair and poor self-rated health, moderate to high nutritional risk (NSI ≥3), Hb (g/dL), CRP (mg/L), low B12, low folate, albumin (g/L), low total cholesterol, adjusted for sex, age and education, were significantly associated (p<0.05) with incident frailty. In stepwise selection models, age (year) (OR=1.07, 95%CI=1.03-1.10, p<0.001), albumin (g/L) (OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.77-0.94, p=0.002), MMSE score (OR=0.88, 95%CI=0.78-0.98, p=0.02), low folate (OR=3.72, 95%CI=1.17-11.86, p=0.03, and previous hospitalization (OR=2.26, 95%CI=1.01-5.04,p=0.05) were significantly associated with incident frailty. Conclusions: The study revealed multiple modifiable risk factors, especially related to poor nutrition, for which preventive measures and early management could potentially halt or delay the development of frailty.
Hieracium scariolifolium Arv. - Touv
Creators: name: Jeanmonod, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Hieracium
Hieracium scariolifolium

description: Hieracium scariolifolium Arv.- Touv. in Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon ser. 2, 34: 108. 1888.
Lectotypus (désigné par TISON et al., 2015: 100): FRANCE. Corse: Bastélica, Mont Renoso, 7.VIII.1878, Reverchon 67 (GRM!; isolecto-: G-BU [G00101987]!).
description: Published as part of Jeanmonod, Daniel, 2018, Typification des noms de taxons corses de l'herbier Burnat (G-BU), pp. 61-74 in Candollea 73 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.15553/c2018v731a6, http://zenodo.org/record/5722164
(CR38) Double Sword: Simultaneous Optic Neuritis and Trochlear Nerve Palsy in Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
Creators: name: Adeeba Binti Abd Rahman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: Herpes Zoster optic neuritis is a rare presentation of Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO) and potentially blinding condition. This is a rare case of simultaneous optic neuritis and trochlear nerve palsy in HZO. Case Presentation : 16-years-old girl, presented with vesicles on right forehead, eyelids and nasal bridge for 2 weeks, followed by right eye redness and photophobia. She was treated for HZO anterior uveitis with topical steroids, topical acyclovir and oral acyclovir. Her symptoms improved with treatment but she experienced worsening of the right eye vision after 1 week. Right eye visual acuity was 6/36 with positive Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect. Fundus examination reveals right eye optic disc swelling and visual field examination showed enlarged blind spot. Extraocular muscle movement examination showed right hypertropia and limited intortion. A diagnosis of optic neuritis and right trochlear nerve palsy was made. Pulse methylprednisolone was started along with intravenous acyclovir for 5 days, and she completed a total course of 6 weeks of oral acyclovir and prednisolone. 2 months later, her right eye vision had improved to 6/12. There was total resolution of optic neuritis, anterior uveitis and trochlear nerve palsy. Conclusion : Early diagnosis and prompt management of optic neuritis and trochlear nerve palsy in HZO leads to good prognosis and recovery.
Indirect Co-Culture with Schwann Cells as a New Approach for Human Endometrial Stem Cells Neural Transdifferentiation Research Article 1 , 2*, 3 ,
Creators: name: Terraf P
name: J, Ai
name: Kouhsari SM
name: Babaloo H
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110708 Transplantation Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) refer to the loss of neuronal cells in the central nervous system. Cell replacement therapy is currently the most propitious approach for the treatment of such diseases. Endometrial Stem Cells (EnSC) due to their unique characteristics have recently gained extensive attention as a new source of mesenchymal-like stem cells for tissue engineering purposes. Research has shown the potency of these cells to differentiate into several cell lineages including osteocytes, adipocytes and neural cells using chemical induction. In this present study we describe how human EnSCs can be induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells when co-cultured with human Schwann cells via insert wells which inhibit intercellular contact of the two cell types. Quantitative gene expression analysis and immunocytochemistry was performed after one week of co-culture. The results confirmed neuronal differentiation of EnSCs which support the notion that Schwann cells produce and secrete neurotrophic factors that can act upon cells without physical contact. Our present findings support the differentiation of EnSCs and the potency of these cells for the treatment of degenerative and acquired disorders of the nervous system.
System size and shape dependences of collective flow fluctuations in relativistic nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Chen, Xinrong
name: Wu, Xiang-Yu
name: Cao, Shanshan
name: Qin, Guang-You
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum fluctuations plays an essential role in forming the collective flow of hadrons observed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Event-by-event fluctuations of the collective flow can arise from various sources, such as the fluctuations in the initial geometry, hydrodynamic expansion, hadronization, and hadronic evolution of the nuclear matter, while the exact contribution from each source is still an open question. Using a (3+1)-dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic model coupled to a Monte-Carlo Glauber initial condition, Cooper-Frye particlization and a hadronic transport model, we explore the system size and shape dependences of the collective flow fluctuations in Au+Au, Cu+Au, and O+O collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=200$~GeV. The particle yields, mean transverse momenta, 2-particle and 4-particle cumulant elliptic flows ($v_2\{2\}$ and $v_2\{4\}$) from our calculation agree with the currently existing data from RHIC. Different centrality dependences of the flow fluctuations, quantified by the $v_2\{4\}/v_2\{2\}$ ratio, are found for different collision systems due to their different sizes and shapes. By comparing $v_2\{4\}/v_2\{2\}$ between different hadron species, and comparing $v_2\{4\}/v_2\{2\}$ to the initial state geometric fluctuations quantified by the cumulant eccentricity ratio $\varepsilon_2\{4\}/\varepsilon_2\{2\}$, we find that while the initial state fluctuations are the main source of the $v_2$ fluctuations in large collision systems, other sources like nonlinear hydrodynamic response, hadronization, and hadronic afterburner can significantly affect the $v_2$ fluctuations in small systems.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Laboratory analogues simulating Titan's atmospheric aerosols: Compared chemical compositions of grains and thin films
Creators: name: Carrasco, N.
name: Jomard, F.
name: Vigneron, J.
name: Etcheberry, A.
name: Cernogora, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two sorts of solid organic samples can be produced in laboratory experiments simulating Titan atmospheric reactivity: grains in the volume and thin films on the reactor walls. We expect that grains are more representative of Titan atmospheric aerosols, but films are used to provide optical indices for radiative models of Titan atmosphere. The aim of the present study is to address if these two sorts of analogues are chemically equivalent or not, when produced in the same N2-CH4 plasma discharge. The chemical compositions of both these materials are measured by using elemental analysis, XPS analysis and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. The main parameter probed is the CH4 N2 ratio to explore various possible chemical regimes. We find that films are homogeneous but significantly less rich in nitrogen and hydrogen than grains produced in the same experimental conditions. This surprising difference in their chemical compositions could be explained by the efficient etching occurring on the films, which stay in the discharge during the whole plasma duration, whereas the grains are ejected after a few minutes. The higher nitrogen content in the grains possibly involves a higher optical absorption than the one measured on the films, with a possible impact on Titan radiative models.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0284
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0284, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0284, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
A dynamic multi-level collaborative filtering method for improved recommendations
Creators: name: Polatidis, Nikolaos
name: Georgiadis, Christos K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the most used approaches for providing recommendations in various online environments such as e-commerce is collaborative filtering. Although, this is a simple method for recommending items or services, accuracy and quality problems still exist. Thus, we propose a dynamic multi-level collaborative filtering method that improves the quality of the recommendations. The proposed method is based on positive and negative adjustments and can be used in different domains that utilize collaborative filtering to increase the quality of the user experience. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by providing an extensive experimental evaluation based on three real datasets and by comparisons to alternative methods.
Observation of scale-free localized states induced by non-Hermitian defects
Creators: name: Xie, Xinrong
name: Liang, Gan
name: Ma, Fei
name: Du, Yulin
name: Peng, Yiwei
name: Li, Erping
name: Chen, Hongsheng
name: Li, Linhu
name: Gao, Fei
name: Xue, Haoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave localization is a fundamental phenomenon that appears universally in both natural materials and artificial structures and plays a crucial role in understanding the various physical properties of a system. Usually, a localized state has an exponential profile with a localization length independent of the system size. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a new class of localized states called scale-free localized states, which has an unfixed localization length scaling linearly with the system size. Using circuit lattices, we observe that a non-Hermitian defect added to a Hermitian lattice induces an extensive number of states with scale-free localization. Furthermore, we demonstrate that, in a lattice with a parity-time-symmetric non-Hermitian defect, the scale-free localization emerges because of spontaneous parity-time symmetry breaking. Our results uncover a new type of localized states and extend the study of defect physics to the non-Hermitian regime.
Autologous Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cell Transplantation In Patients With Child C Liver Cirrhosis Comparative Study
Creators: name: NH, El Garem
name: MA, Amin
name: Metwalli HG
name: IG, El Shenawy
name: Hussien MA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110708 Transplantation Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Adult stem cell therapy could help patients with child C liver cirrhosis . Aim and methods: to evaluate the effect of autologous transplantation of BM-derived mononuclear cells subjected to ex vivo hepatocyte differentiation and BM-derived undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells in cirrhotic patients, and assessing the safety and efficacy of transplantation of these cells via direct intrasplenic injection. 30 patients with Child C cirrhosis were enrolled , They were divided into three groups. Group 1: 10 patients who received bone marrow derived mononuclear cells after ex vivo hepatocyte differentiation. Group 2: 10 patients; who received bone marrow derived undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells. Group 3: 10 patients who were maintained on their ordinary liver supportive treatment . Bone marrow aspiration was done from the posterior superior iliac spine. After MNCs separation, induction of hepatocyte differentiation by co-cultures with hepatocyte growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor were done and demonstration of alpha fetoprotein and albumin gene expression were used as markers of hepatocyte differentiation, the cells were then injected to group 1 patients in a dose of 5×106/ml suspended in 5 ml sterile saline via intrasplenic route under ultrasonic guidance. Isolation of mesenchymal stem cells was done followed by primary culture and subculture of the isolated cells. Flow cytometry was used to identify MSCs by surface expression of CD44, CD73, and CD34. Group 2 were injected with undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells in a dose of 5×106/ml suspended in 5 ml sterile saline via intrasplenic route . Control group remained on their medical liver supportive measures. Monthly liver function were done for 6 months follow up . Results: there was a statistically significant improvement in the hepatic synthetic function and possible reduction in mortality in patients received stem cell therapy compared to control group. Statistical comparisons between the two transplanted groups did not merit any significant difference. Conclusion: Transplantation of either BM- derived mononuclear cells after ex vivo hepatocyte differentiation or BMderived undifferentiated mesenchymal cells can be used as a potential treatment for liver cirrhosis. Also intrasplenic route of cells injection is both safe and feasible.
I-Love-$\langle c_s^2 \rangle$: Approximately universal relations for the average neutron star stiffness
Creators: name: Saes, Jayana A.
name: Mendes, Raissa F. P.
name: Yunes, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate observations of neutron stars have deepened our knowledge of both general relativity and the properties of nuclear physics at large densities. Relating observations to the microphysics that govern these stars can sometimes be aided by approximate universal relations. One such relation connects the ratio of the central pressure to the central energy density and the compactness of the star, and it has been found to be insensitive to realistic models for the equation of state to a $\sim 10\%$ level. In this paper, we clarify the meaning of the microscopic quantity appearing in this relation, which is reinterpreted as the average of the speed of sound squared in the interior of a star, $\langle c_s^2 \rangle\!$. The physical origin of the quasi-universality of the $\langle c_s^2 \rangle - C$ relation is then investigated. Making use of post-Minkowskian expansions, we find it to be linked to the Newtonian limit of the structure equations, as well as to the fact that the equations of state that describe NSs are relatively stiff. The same post-Minkowskian approach is also applied to the relations between $\langle c_s^2 \rangle\!$, the moment of inertia, and the tidal deformability of a neutron star, arriving at similar conclusions.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
Previsão de Séries Temporais de Evapotranspiração de Referência com Redes Neurais Convolucionais
Creators: name: de Oliveira e Lucas, Patrícia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: evapotranspiração de referência, previsão, redes neurais convolucionais, ensemble learning

description: Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Elétrica na Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG.
Inclusive semi-leptonic B meson decay structure functions from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Hashimoto, Shoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to non-perturbatively calculate the forward-scattering matrix elements relevant to inclusive semi-leptonic B meson decays. Corresponding hadronic structure functions at unphysical kinematics are accessible through lattice QCD calculation of four-point correlation functions. The unphysical kinematical point may be reached by analytic continuation from the physical differential decay rate. A numerical test is performed for the B_s -> X_c l nu mode in the zero-recoil limit. We use lattice ensembles generated with 2+1 dynamical quark flavors. The valence charm quark mass is tuned to its physical value, while the bottom quark mass is varied in the range (1.56-2.44)m_c. From the numerical results we can identify the contributions of the ground state D_s^(*) meson as well as those of excited states or continuum states.
description: 35 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 1 of Systematic review of the measurement properties of indices of prenatal care utilization
Creators: name: Rowe, Stewart
name: Karkhaneh, Zahra
name: MacDonald, Isaiah
name: Chambers, Thane
name: Amjad, Sana
name: Osornio-Vargas, Alvaro
name: Chari, Radha
name: Kumar, Manoj
name: Ospina, Maria B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. MEDLINE Search Strategy.
NavFormer: A Transformer Architecture for Robot Target-Driven Navigation in Unknown and Dynamic Environments
Creators: name: Wang, Haitong
name: Tan, Aaron Hao
name: Nejat, Goldie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In unknown cluttered and dynamic environments such as disaster scenes, mobile robots need to perform target-driven navigation in order to find people or objects of interest, while being solely guided by images of the targets. In this paper, we introduce NavFormer, a novel end-to-end transformer architecture developed for robot target-driven navigation in unknown and dynamic environments. NavFormer leverages the strengths of both 1) transformers for sequential data processing and 2) self-supervised learning (SSL) for visual representation to reason about spatial layouts and to perform collision-avoidance in dynamic settings. The architecture uniquely combines dual-visual encoders consisting of a static encoder for extracting invariant environment features for spatial reasoning, and a general encoder for dynamic obstacle avoidance. The primary robot navigation task is decomposed into two sub-tasks for training: single robot exploration and multi-robot collision avoidance. We perform cross-task training to enable the transfer of learned skills to the complex primary navigation task without the need for task-specific fine-tuning. Simulated experiments demonstrate that NavFormer can effectively navigate a mobile robot in diverse unknown environments, outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods in terms of success rate and success weighted by (normalized inverse) path length. Furthermore, a comprehensive ablation study is performed to evaluate the impact of the main design choices of the structure and training of NavFormer, further validating their effectiveness in the overall system.
A Multi-Function Radiation-Hardened HV and LV Linear Regulator for SiPM-based HEP Detectors
Creators: name: Carniti, Paolo
name: Gotti, Claudio
name: Pessina, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) to detect light signals in highly radioactive environments presents several challenges, particularly due to their sensitivity on radiation, temperature, and overvoltage, requiring a proper management of their bias supply. This article presents the design and performance of ALDO2, an application-specific integrated circuit and power management solution tailored for SiPM-based high-energy physics detectors. The chip's functions include adjustable and point-of-load linear regulation of the SiPM bias voltage (10-70 V, 50 mA), monitoring of SiPM current, shutdown, over-current and over-temperature protection. The same functions are also available for the low-voltage regulator (1.6-3.3 V, 800 mA), used to generate the power supply of SiPM readout chips that often demand stable and well-filtered input voltages while consuming currents of up to several hundred milliamperes. The chip is intended to operate in radioactive environments typical of particle physics experiments, where it must withstand significant levels of radiation (total ionizing dose and 1-MeV-equivalent neutron fluence in the range of Mrad and $\mathbf{10^{14}}\ \mathrm{\mathbf{n_{eq}/cm^2}}$, respectively). The article provides a comprehensive description of the chip design, as well as experimental measurements, offering insights into the chip's performance under various conditions. Finally, radiation hardening, radiation qualification and reliability are discussed.
Conditional Information Gain Trellis
Creators: name: Bicici, Ufuk Can
name: Meral, Tuna Han Salih
name: Akarun, Lale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conditional computing processes an input using only part of the neural network's computational units. Learning to execute parts of a deep convolutional network by routing individual samples has several advantages: Reducing the computational burden is an obvious advantage. Furthermore, if similar classes are routed to the same path, that part of the network learns to discriminate between finer differences and better classification accuracies can be attained with fewer parameters. Recently, several papers have exploited this idea to take a particular child of a node in a tree-shaped network or to skip parts of a network. In this work, we follow a Trellis-based approach for generating specific execution paths in a deep convolutional neural network. We have designed routing mechanisms that use differentiable information gain-based cost functions to determine which subset of features in a convolutional layer will be executed. We call our method Conditional Information Gain Trellis (CIGT). We show that our conditional execution mechanism achieves comparable or better model performance compared to unconditional baselines, using only a fraction of the computational resources.
description: Accepted by Pattern Recognition Letters
TGFB-INHB/activin signaling regulates age-dependent autophagy and cardiac health through inhibition of MTORC2
Creators: name: Chang, Kai
name: Kang, Ping
name: Liu, Ying
name: Huang, Kerui
name: Miao, Ting
name: Sagona, Antonia P.
name: Nezis, Ioannis P.
name: Bodmer, Rolf
name: Ocorr, Karen
name: Bai, Hua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Age-related impairment of macroautophagy/autophagy and loss of cardiac tissue homeostasis contribute significantly to cardiovascular diseases later in life. MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase) signaling is the most well-known regulator of autophagy, cellular homeostasis, and longevity. The MTOR signaling consists of two structurally and functionally distinct multiprotein complexes, MTORC1 and MTORC2. While MTORC1 is well characterized but the role of MTORC2 in aging and autophagy remains poorly understood. Here we identified TGFB-INHB/activin signaling as a novel upstream regulator of MTORC2 to control autophagy and cardiac health during aging. Using Drosophila heart as a model system, we show that cardiac-specific knockdown of TGFB-INHB/activin-like protein daw induces autophagy and alleviates age-related heart dysfunction, including cardiac arrhythmias and bradycardia. Interestingly, the downregulation of daw activates TORC2 signaling to regulate cardiac autophagy. Activation of TORC2 alone through overexpressing its subunit protein rictor promotes autophagic flux and preserves cardiac function with aging. In contrast, activation of TORC1 does not block autophagy induction in daw knockdown flies. Lastly, either daw knockdown or rictor overexpression in fly hearts prolongs lifespan, suggesting that manipulation of these pathways in the heart has systemic effects on longevity control. Thus, our studies discover the TGFB-INHB/activin-mediated inhibition of TORC2 as a novel mechanism for age-dependent decreases in autophagic activity and cardiac health. Abbreviations: AI: arrhythmia index; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BMP: bone morphogenetic protein; CQ: chloroquine; CVD: cardiovascular diseases; DI: diastolic interval; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; HP: heart period; HR: heart rate; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NGS: normal goat serum; PBST: PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100; PDPK1: 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1; RICTOR: RPTOR independent companion of MTOR complex 2; ROI: region of interest; ROUT: robust regression and outlier removal; ROS: reactive oxygen species; R-SMAD: receptor-activated SMAD; SI: systolic interval; SOHA: semi-automatic optical heartbeat analysis; TGFB: transformation growth factor beta; TSC1: TSC complex subunit 1
Selection bias in dynamically-measured super-massive black hole samples: dynamical masses and dependence on Sérsic index
Creators: name: Shankar, Francesco
name: Bernardi, Mariangela
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the comparison between the set of local galaxies having dynamically measured black holes with galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We first show that the most up-to-date local black hole samples of early-type galaxies with measurements of effective radii, luminosities, and Sérsic indices of the bulges of their host galaxies, have dynamical mass and Sérsic index distributions consistent with those of SDSS early-type galaxies of similar bulge stellar mass. The host galaxies of local black hole samples thus do not appear structurally different from SDSS galaxies, sharing similar dynamical masses, light profiles and light distributions. Analysis of the residuals reveals that velocity dispersion is more fundamental than Sérsic index n in the scaling relations between black holes and galaxies. Indeed, residuals with Sérsic index could be ascribed to the (weak) correlation with bulge mass or even velocity dispersion. Finally, targetted Monte Carlo simulations that include the effects of the sphere of influence of the black hole, and tuned to reproduce the observed residuals and scaling relations in terms of velocity dispersion and stellar mass, show that, at least for galaxies with Mbulge > 1e10 Msun and n>5, the observed mean black hole mass at fixed Sérsic index is biased significantly higher than the intrinsic value.
description: 12 pages, 8 Figures. MNRAS, in press
Robust Causal Estimation in the Large-Sample Limit without Strict Faithfulness
Creators: name: Bucur, Ioan Gabriel
name: Claassen, Tom
name: Heskes, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Causal effect estimation from observational data is an important and much studied research topic. The instrumental variable (IV) and local causal discovery (LCD) patterns are canonical examples of settings where a closed-form expression exists for the causal effect of one variable on another, given the presence of a third variable. Both rely on faithfulness to infer that the latter only influences the target effect via the cause variable. In reality, it is likely that this assumption only holds approximately and that there will be at least some form of weak interaction. This brings about the paradoxical situation that, in the large-sample limit, no predictions are made, as detecting the weak edge invalidates the setting. We introduce an alternative approach by replacing strict faithfulness with a prior that reflects the existence of many 'weak' (irrelevant) and 'strong' interactions. We obtain a posterior distribution over the target causal effect estimator which shows that, in many cases, we can still make good estimates. We demonstrate the approach in an application on a simple linear-Gaussian setting, using the MultiNest sampling algorithm, and compare it with established techniques to show our method is robust even when strict faithfulness is violated.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (AISTATS) 2017
Fermionic bound states in distinct kinklike backgrounds
Creators: name: Bazeia, D.
name: Mohammadi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deals with fermions in the background of distinct localized structures in the two-dimensional spacetime. Although the structures have similar topological character, which is responsible for the appearance of fractionally charged excitations, we want to investigate how the geometric deformations that appear in the localized structures contribute to the change in the physical properties of the fermionic bound states. We investigate the two-kink and compact kinklike backgrounds, and consider two distinct boson-fermion interactions, one motivated by supersymmetry and the other described by the standard Yukawa coupling.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures; v2, 2 references added
Effect of grafting on the binding transition of two flexible polymers
Creators: name: Zierenberg, Johannes
name: Tholen, Katharina
name: Janke, Wolfhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the binding transition of two flexible polymers grafted to a steric surface with closeby end points. While free polymers show a discontinuous transition, grafting to a steric flat surface leads to a continuous binding transition. This is supported by results from Metropolis and parallel multicanonical simulations. A combination of canonical and microcanonical analyses reveals that the change in transition order can be understood in terms of the reduced translational entropy of the unbound high-temperature phase upon grafting.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Eur. Phys. J Spec. Topics
Constraining the Noise-Free Distribution of Halo Spin Parameters
Creators: name: Benson, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Any measurement made using an N-body simulation is subject to noise due to the finite number of particles used to sample the dark matter distribution function, and the lack of structure below the simulation resolution. This noise can be particularly significant when attempting to measure intrinsically small quantities, such as halo spin. In this work we develop a model to describe the effects of particle noise on halo spin parameters. This model is calibrated using N-body simulations in which the particle noise can be treated as a Poisson process on the underlying dark matter distribution function, and we demonstrate that this calibrated model reproduces measurements of halo spin parameter error distributions previously measured in N-body convergence studies. Utilizing this model, along with previous measurements of the distribution of halo spin parameters in N-body simulations, we place constraints on the noise-free distribution of halo spins. We find that the noise-free median spin is 3% lower than that measured directly from the N-body simulation, corresponding to a shift of approximately 40 times the statistical uncertainty in this measurement arising purely from halo counting statistics. We also show that measurement of the spin of an individual halo to 10% precision requires at least $4\times 10^4$ particles in the halo - for halos containing 200 particles the fractional error on spins measured for individual halos is of order unity.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS, comments welcome
On the formation of hot and warm Jupiters via secular high-eccentricity migration in stellar triples
Creators: name: Hamers, Adrian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot Jupiters (HJs) are Jupiter-like planets orbiting their host star in tight orbits of a few days. They are commonly believed not to have formed in situ, requiring inwards migration towards the host star. One of the proposed migration scenarios is secular high-eccentricity or high-$e$ migration, in which the orbit of the planet is perturbed to high eccentricity by secular processes, triggering strong tidal evolution and orbital migration. Previous theoretical studies have considered secular excitation in stellar binaries. Recently, a number of HJs have been observed in stellar triple systems. In the latter, the secular dynamics are much richer compared to stellar binaries, and HJs could potentially be formed more efficiently. Here, we investigate this possibility by modeling the secular dynamical and tidal evolution of planets in two hierarchical configurations in stellar triple systems. We find that the HJ formation efficiency is higher compared to stellar binaries, but only by at most a few tens of per cent. The orbital properties of the HJs formed in the simulations are very similar to HJs formed in stellar binaries, and similarly to studies of the latter we find no significant number of warm Jupiters. HJs are only formed in our simulations for triples with specific orbital configurations, and our constraints are approximately consistent with current observations. In future, this allows to rule out high-$e$ migration in stellar triples if a HJ is detected in a triple grossly violating these constraints.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 14 pages, 11 figures
International Journal of Stem Cell Research and Transplantation: Perspectives on its Accomplishments
Creators: name: Shrestha BM
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110708 Transplantation Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: It has been a great honour and privilege for me to be associated with International Journal of Stem Cell Research and Transplantation (IJST) in the capacity of an Editorial Board Member and be able to overview the success accomplished by the IJST over the past 3 years. Establishing any scientific journal from its stage of infancy to a level of universal recognition after going through transitional phases, particularly in the current climate of heavy competition existing between several well-established scientific journals, is a major challenge. Research on stem cells and organ transplantation have rapidly advanced over the last three decades to address complex medical conditions which are not amenable to conventional modalities of treatment. Being able to consolidate important information on the subjects and deliver effectively to the scientific community is the ultimate goal of IJST.