cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First flower inclusion and fossil evidence of Cryptocarya (Laurales, Lauraceae) from Miocene amber of Zhangpu (China)
Creators: name: Beurel, Simon
name: Bachelier, Julien B.
name: Munzinger, Jérôme
name: Shao, Fuchen
name: Hammel, Jörg U.
name: Shi, Gongle
name: Sadowski, Eva-Maria
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Angiosperm
subject: Cenozoic
subject: palaeobotany
subject: synchrotron X-ray tomography
subject: 3D reconstruction
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::560 Fossilien, Paläontologie::560 Paläontologie, Paläozoologie

description: Lauraceae have one of the oldest fossil records of angiosperms with the earliest known evidence from the mid-Cretaceous. However, most of these records are based on leaves, especially from the Cenozoic of Asia, which are often challenging to assign to extinct or extant genera or species. In contrast, fossils of reproductive organs are more informative, but remain scarce. We here described the first Cenozoic Lauraceae flower of Asia and confirmed the presence of Cryptocarya in the Miocene Zhangpu flora (Fujian Province, south-eastern China) based on an amber inclusion. We scanned the specimen using synchrotron radiation-based micro-computed tomography (SRμCT) and then compared the fossil with extant flowers of the genus. The present fossil flower is small, bisexual, and polysymmetric, with a whorled and trimerous perianth and androecium along with a hypanthium around the gynoecium. The perianth comprises six undifferentiated tepals, the androecium consists of nine stamens and three innermost staminodes, and the gynoecium of a single carpel with a superior, unilocular (and uniovulate) ovary. Our study also shows that the fossil shares an unusual position of the typical staminal glands and a short androecial tube on the rim of the hypanthium with at least one extant Australian species of Cryptocarya, which have not been reported before. Nowadays, Lauraceae are still present in tropical to subtropical regions, mostly in American and Asian rainforests. The discovery of many Lauraceae leaf fossils in Zhangpu, as well as the amber flower of this study, is consistent with the current reconstruction of the amber source environment as a megathermal seasonal rainforest during the Mid-Miocene.
“I’ll leap up to my God: who pulls me down?”: The Theatrics of Fall in Christopher Marlowe’s The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus
Creators: name: BEN AMOR, Zied
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470504
subject: British and Irish literature
classificationCode: 470514
subject: Literary theory

description: The article underpins the theatrics of the tragic hero’s fall in Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus. Theological concepts related to sin and damnation are applied to interpret the ironic inversions leading to the downfall of Faustus. The choice of “spectacle of blindness” emphasises the link between theatricality and irony. The concept of metatheatre is used to portray the fall of Faustus. Irony reaches grandeur thanks to the interweaving of metatheatre and the carnivalesque. The research legitimises the existence of the concept of the theatrics of irony. The research delves into the intricate layers of irony woven throughout the play as the titular character embarks on a fateful journey from humanity to damnation. Faustus’ relentless pursuit of perceived divine imperfections, his portrayal as a shrewd manipulator of thought, and his refusal to acknowledge the true nature of his transgressions are meticulously crafted into a dramatic spectacle by the playwright. Marlowe's adept use of irony is exemplified through intentional inversions and deviations from the play's source material, The English Faustbook. Embracing irony as a spectacle of blindness, the analysis reveals the amalgamation of carnivalesque elements, comedy, burlesque, and metatheatre in the play’s theatrics of irony. Faustus’ tragic downfall unfolds as a nuanced interplay between serious, tragic consequences and moments of buffoonery or carnivalesque revelry. The analysis positions Doctor Faustus as a distinctive work, departing from traditional interpretations and venturing into new theatrical aesthetics, emphasising the spectacular and the metatheatrical.
The Future of Futurism
Creators: name: Doble, Rick
name: Lorenzi, Marcella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: Design
subject: Digital Humanities
subject: Entertainment
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: History

description: At exactly 100 years after its birth, Futurism is revisited in terms of the new potentialities offered by Digital Photography (via “Painting with Light”). It is discussed how Futurism aimed at depicting “dynamism” and why Digital Photography, generating variations of the same basic ideas, can offer a “Future to Futurism”. From the “Technical Manifesto of Futurist Painting”: “All things move, all things run, all things are rapidly changing. A profile is never motionless before our eyes, but it constantly appears and disappears”.
Italian Reproducibility Network - ITRN Action Plan for the Coalition for Advancing Research Assessment - CoARA.
Creators: name: Italian Reproducibility Network ITRN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Action Plan
ITRN
CoARA
evaluation
equity in research
Award
Reproducibility Network
Open Science

description: Aligned with CoARA's principles, ITRN has integrated these philosophies into its activities. ITRN Action Plan promote evaluation reform, with a key focus on inclusive and transparent research assessment. An excerpt from ITRN's strategic plan, which aligns with these principles, can be found in this document
eBook (epub) version: 15 Years of Essay-Blogs About Contemporary Art & Digital Photography: In-Depth Articles from 1997-2012 By Rick Doble
Creators: name: Doble, Rick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: Design
subject: Digital Humanities
subject: Entertainment
subject: History
subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Rick Doble is the author of 3 books on digital photography and a photography expert for the PIXIQ website with over 100,000 reads of his blogs. In this eBook he has collected 43 of his short, easy to read, essay-blogs written during the last 15 years. These articles explore the artistic potential of digital photography from the earliest days to today. Illustrated with more than 150 photographs, Doble talks about digital photography from a number of perspectives including the influence of modern art, the relation to science, the evolving technology, and the history of the camera. One of these essays written in 1999, about the expressive potential of digital photography, was recently translated into Italian by a prestigious Italian art site and called prophetic by that website.
Translating interdisciplinary knowledge for gender equity: Quantifying the impact of NSF ADVANCE
Creators: name: Gates, Alexander J.
name: Gold, Jessica R.
name: Nelson, Laura K.
name: Zippel, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: interdisciplinarity
subject: NSF ADVANCE program
subject: gender equity
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Background Interdisciplinarity is often hailed as a necessity for tackling real-world challenges. We examine the prevalence and impact of interdisciplinarity in the NSF ADVANCE program, which addresses gender equity in STEM. Methods Through a quantitative analysis of authorship, references, and citations in ADVANCE publications, we compare the interdisciplinarity of knowledge produced within the program to traditional disciplinary knowledge. We use Simpon's Diversity Index to test for differences across disciplines, and we use negative binomial regression to capture the potential influences of interdisciplinarity on the long-term impact of ADVANCE publications. Results ADVANCE publications exhibit higher levels of interdisciplinarity across three dimensions of knowledge integration, and cross-disciplinary ties within ADVANCE successfully integrate social science knowledge into diverse disciplines. Additionally, the interdisciplinarity of publication references positively influences the impact of ADVANCE work, while the interdisciplinarity of authorship teams does not. Conclusions These findings emphasize the significance of interdisciplinarity in problem-oriented knowledge production, indicating that specific forms of interdisciplinarity can lead to broader impact. By shedding light on the interplay between interdisciplinary approaches, disciplinary structures, and academic recognition, this article contributes to programmatic design to generate impactful problem-solving knowledge that also adds to the academic community.
AdaScape 1.0: a coupled modelling tool to investigate the links between tectonics, climate, and biodiversity
Creators: name: Acevedo-Trejos, Esteban
name: Braun, Jean
name: Kravitz, Katherine
name: Raharinirina, N. Alexia
name: Bovy, Benoît
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: coupled modelling tool
subject: tectonics
subject: climate
subject: biodiversity
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The interplay between tectonics and climate is known to impact the evolution and distribution of life forms, leading to present-day patterns of biodiversity. Numerical models that integrate the co-evolution of life and landforms are ideal tools to investigate the causal links between these earth system components. Here, we present a tool that couples an ecological–evolutionary model with a landscape evolution model (LEM). The former is based on the adaptive speciation of functional traits, where these traits can mediate ecological competition for resources, and includes dispersal and mutation processes. The latter is a computationally efficient LEM (FastScape) that predicts topographic relief based on the stream power law, hillslope diffusion, and orographic precipitation equations. We integrate these two models to illustrate the coupled behaviour between tectonic uplift and eco-evolutionary processes. Particularly, we investigate how changes in tectonic uplift rate and eco-evolutionary parameters (i.e. competition, dispersal, and mutation) influence speciation and thus the temporal and spatial patterns of biodiversity.
Simulating the Unsteady Stable Boundary Layer With a Stochastic Stability Equation
Creators: name: Boyko, Vyacheslav
name: Vercauteren, Nikki
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: turbulence closure
subject: stochastic parameterization
subject: intermittent turbulence
subject: nocturnal boundary layer
subject: stochastic RANS
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Turbulence in very stable boundary layers is typically unsteady and intermittent. The study implements a stochastic modeling approach to represent unsteady mixing possibly associated with intermittency of turbulence and with unresolved fluid motions such as dirty waves or drainage flows. The stochastic parameterization is introduced by randomizing the mixing lengthscale used in a Reynolds average Navier-Stokes (RANS) model with turbulent kinetic energy closure, resulting in a stochastic unsteady RANS model. The randomization alters the turbulent momentum diffusion and accounts for sporadic events of possibly unknown origin that cause unsteady mixing. The paper shows how the proposed stochastic parameterization can be integrated into a RANS model used in weather-forecasting and its impact is analyzed using neutrally and stably stratified idealized numerical case studies. The simulations show that the framework can successfully model intermittent mixing in stably stratified conditions, and does not alter the representation of neutrally stratified conditions. It could thus present a way forward for dealing with the complexities of unsteady flows in numerical weather prediction or climate models.
Rick Doble's Experimental Photography at a 2008 Exhibit That Compared His Work to the Italian Futurists
Creators: name: Doble, Rick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: Design
subject: Digital Humanities
subject: Entertainment
subject: History
subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Starting around the year 2000, Rick Doble was the first to assert that the capabilities of digital photography could achieve the artistic goals of the Italian Futurist movement that flourished one hundred years ago. He had written several essays on this topic and created work in this vein on his website, RickDoble.net. In 2008 he created a show that specifically highlighted this ability at the reNew, reUSE, reView exhibit at the Eyedrum Gallery in Atlanta, Georgia, USA in January 2008. This PDF document includes the poster from that exhibit, Doble's artist statement, and Doble's experimental photographs next to pictures of Italian Futurist art that were all shown in a repeating cycle on a digital picture frame at the exhibit. Mauro Francaviglia, a leading Italian expert in art and science, wrote in an article in the Journal of Applied Mathematics (Aplimat, Volume VI, 2011) that Rick Doble was the first person to make the claim that the expressive qualities of digital photography could now achieve many of the artistic aims of the Italian
Woman In Motion: A Show and Explanation of Early Digital/Computer Photography Before Digital Cameras By Rick Doble
Creators: name: Doble, Rick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: Design
subject: Digital Humanities
subject: Entertainment
subject: Gender studies
subject: History
subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Performing Arts
subject: 80103 Computer Graphics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Woman In Motion is a show of Rick Doble's early computer photography starting around 1986 that reworked the photographs of Eadweard Muybridge taken in the 1880s. Doble digitized and then colorized individual frames from Muybridge's photographs of human movement. Writing many of the programs himself for an early desktop computer, Doble edited and then enhanced the natural shots of women moving as they did a variety of tasks. These images were later shown in a number of gallery and museum exhibits, published in art magazines and reprinted in exhibits on the web.
Adding value by national reporting to sustainability approaches of the local-regional level: The case of Germany
Creators: name: Peters, Oliver
name: Scheller, Henrik
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Urban Studies
subject: Urban Development
subject: Sustainable Development
subject: Sustainable Development Goals
subject: New Urban Agenda
subject: Germany
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Global socio-environmental challenges and local impacts, global agendas, and local implementation: multi-level governance has never been more important – or more complex. To keep track of progress and the challenges in sustainable urban development, monitoring systems at all levels are at different stages of development and in need of harmonisation. In this context, national reporting can link the global level with the local one by identifying and reviewing framework conditions, and setting indicator and data standards for cities, counties, and municipalities. This raises questions about the awareness of different issues, resource imbalances and, not least, the effectiveness of standardised monitoring. This paper provides valuable insights into the lessons learned from the preparation of the first national progress report on the implementation of the New Urban Agenda. The reflections could support further governance and monitoring efforts not only at the national level but also across all levels.
Reducing Resolution Dependency of Dust Emission Modeling Using Albedo-Based Wind Friction
Creators: name: Chappell, Adrian
name: Hennen, Mark
name: Schepanski, Kerstin
name: Dhital, Saroj
name: Tong, Daniel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: dust emission
subject: wind friction velocity
subject: ERA5-land
subject: sub-grid-scale heterogeneity
subject: scaling
subject: model resolution
subject: albedo
subject: shadow
subject: sheltering
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Numerical simulations of dust emission processes are essential for dust cycle modeling and dust-atmosphere interactions. Models have coarse spatial resolutions which, without tackling sub-grid scale heterogeneity, bias finely resolved dust emission. Soil surface wind friction velocity (us*) drives dust emission non-linearly with increasing model resolution, due mainly to thresholds of sediment entrainment. Albedo is area-integrated, scales linearly with resolution, is related to us* and hence represents its sub-grid scale heterogeneity. Calibrated albedo-based global dust emission estimates decreased by only 2 Tg y−1 (10.5%) upscaled from 0.5 to 111 km, largely independent of resolution. Without adjusting wind fields, this scaling uncertainty is within recent estimates of global dust emission model uncertainty (±14.9 Tg y−1). This intrinsic scaling capability of the albedo-based approach offers considerable potential to reduce resolution dependency of dust cycle modeling and improve the representation of local dust emission in Earth system models and operational air quality forecasting.
Borderless fear? How right-wing populism aligns in affectively framing migration as a security threat in Austria and Slovenia
Creators: name: Thiele, Daniel
name: Pajnik, Mojca
name: Sauer, Birgit
name: Šori, Iztok
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: affects
subject: Austria
subject: discourse
subject: framing
subject: migration
subject: right-wing populism
subject: Slovenia
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Studies have highlighted differences between right-wing populism in Western and Central Eastern Europe but suggested that discourses have been converging since the so-called "refugee crisis" in 2015. This article examines this claim by focusing on right-wing populist frames and affective communication on migration in Austria and Slovenia. Taking a communication-centred approach, the study is based on a critical frame analysis of 70 speeches from far-right to centre-right parties in parliamentary debates on migration between 2015 and 2019. The results show that right-wing populist discourses in the two adjacent countries have aligned in appealing to affects, particularly to fear and in framing migration as a threat to security and culture. Despite differences in mobilizing affects, the findings indicate a mutual alignment of right-wing populism beyond borders, signalling a potential risk of a broader right-wing populist bloc unified by fear of migration.
A dual-omics approach on the effects of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) on ventral tegmental area dopaminergic neurons in response to alcohol consumption in mice
Creators: name: Hose, Leonie
name: Langenhagen, Alina Katharina
name: Kefalakes, Ekaterini
name: Schweitzer, Theresa
name: Kubinski, Sabrina
name: Barak, Segev
name: Pich, Andreas
name: Grothe, Claudia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: alcohol addiction
subject: alcoholism
subject: brain reward system
subject: dopamine receptors
subject: FGF
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Harmful alcohol consumption is a major socioeconomic burden to the health system, as it can be the cause of mortality of heavy alcohol drinkers. The dopaminergic (DAergic) system is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of alcohol drinking behaviour; however, its exact role remains elusive. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2), a neurotrophic factor, associated with both the DAergic system and alcohol consumption, may play an important role in DAergic neuroadaptations during alcohol abuse. Within this study, we aimed to clarify the role of endogenous FGF-2 on the DAergic system and whether there is a possible link to alcohol consumption. We found that lack of FGF-2 reduces the alcohol intake of mice. Transcriptome analysis of DAergic neurons revealed that FGF-2 knockout (FGF-2 KO) shifts the molecular fingerprint of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons to DA subtypes of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). In line with this, proteomic changes predominantly appear also in the VTA. Interestingly, these changes led to an altered regulation of the FGF-2 signalling cascades and DAergic pathways in a region-specific manner, which was only marginally affected by voluntary alcohol consumption. Thus, lack of FGF-2 not only affects the gene expression but also the proteome of specific brain regions of mDA neurons. Our study provides new insights into the neuroadaptations of the DAergic system during alcohol abuse and, therefore, comprises novel targets for future pharmacological interventions.
Individual differences in internal models explain idiosyncrasies in scene perception
Creators: name: Wang, Gongting
name: Foxwell, Matthew J.
name: Cichy, Radoslaw M.
name: Pitcher, David
name: Kaiser, Daniel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Scene perception
subject: Individual differences
subject: Drawing
subject: Predictive processing
subject: Internal models
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: According to predictive processing theories, vision is facilitated by predictions derived from our internal models of what the world should look like. However, the contents of these models and how they vary across people remains unclear. Here, we use drawing as a behavioral readout of the contents of the internal models in individual participants. Participants were first asked to draw typical versions of scene categories, as descriptors of their internal models. These drawings were converted into standardized 3d renders, which we used as stimuli in subsequent scene categorization experiments. Across two experiments, participants' scene categorization was more accurate for renders tailored to their own drawings compared to renders based on others' drawings or copies of scene photographs, suggesting that scene perception is determined by a match with idiosyncratic internal models. Using a deep neural network to computationally evaluate similarities between scene renders, we further demonstrate that graded similarity to the render based on participants' own typical drawings (and thus to their internal model) predicts categorization performance across a range of candidate scenes. Together, our results showcase the potential of a new method for understanding individual differences – starting from participants' personal expectations about the structure of real-world scenes.
A new spatio-temporal graph neural network method for the analysis of GNSS geodetic data
Creators: name: Kiani Shahvandi, Mostafa
name: Soja, Benedikt
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
Data processing, computer science

description: Graph neural networks are a newly established category of machine learning algorithms dealing with relational data. They can be used for the analysis of both spatial and/or temporal data. They are capable of modeling how time series of nodes, which are located at different spatial positions, change by the exchange of information between nodes and their neighbors. As a result, time series can be predicted to future epochs.

GNSS networks consist of stations at different locations, each producing time series of geodetic parameters, such as changes in their positions. In order to successfully apply graph neural networks to predict time series from GNSS networks, the physical properties of GNSS time series should be taken into account. Thus, we suggest a new graph neural network algorithm that has both a physical and a mathematical basis. The physical part is based on the fundamental concept of information exchange between nodes and their neighbors. Here, the temporal correlation between the changes of time series of the nodes and their neighbors is considered, which is computed by geophysical loading and/or climatic data. The mathematical part comes from the time series prediction by mathematical models, after the removal of trends and periodic effects using the singular spectrum analysis algorithm. In addition, it plays a role in the computation of the impact of neighboring nodes, based on the spatial correlation computed according to the pair-wise node-neighbor distance. The final prediction is the simple weighted summation of the predicted values of the time series of the node and those of its neighbors, in which weights are the multiplication of the spatial and temporal correlations.

In order to show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, we considered a global network of more than 18000 GNSS stations and defined the neighbors of each node as stations that are located within the range of 10 km. We performed several different analyses, including the comparison between different machine learning algorithms and statistical methods for the time series prediction part, the impact of the type of data used for the computation of temporal correlation (climatic and/or geophysical loading), and comparison with other state-of-the-art graph neural network algorithms. We demonstrate the superiority of our method to the current graph neural network algorithms when applied to time series of geodetic networks. In addition, we show that the best machine learning algorithm to use within our graph neural network architecture is the multilayer perceptron, which shows an average of 0.34 mm in prediction accuracy. Furthermore, we find that the statistical methods have lower accuracies than machine learning ones, as much as 44 percent.
description: EGUsphere
New lasiodiplodins from mangrove endophytic fungus Lasiodiplodia sp. 318#
Creators: name: Jiguo Huang
name: Jiayi Xu
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Dilfaraz Khan
name: Shah Iram Niaz
name: Yonghong Zhu
name: Yongcheng Lin
name: Li, Jing
name: Liu, Lan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Two new lasiodiplodins (1–2) together with three known analogues, were isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus, Lasiodiplodia sp. 318#. Their structures were established by spectroscopic techniques (1D- and 2D-NMR, HR-ESI-MS, etc.), and electronic circular dichroism. Cytotoxic activities of compounds 1–5 were evaluated in vitro. Compound 4 was the most potent, with IC50 values of 5.29 μM against MMQ, 13.05 μM against GH3. Preliminary structural-activity analysis indicated that the functional group (resorcinol-3-OH) contributed greatly to the binding of Lasiodiplodins to the cytotoxic activities.
title: Texte envoyé par mail à M. Teodori?
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-2019311113391217
Pseudo-fermion functional renormalization group for spin models
Creators: name: Müller, Tobias
name: Kiese, Dominik
name: Niggemann, Nils
name: Sbierski, Björn
name: Reuther, Johannes
name: Trebst, Simon
name: Thomale, Ronny
name: Iqbal, Yasir
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: quantum many-body methods
subject: functional renormalization group
subject: strongly correlated systems
subject: frustrated magnetism
subject: spin models
subject: quantum spin liquids
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: For decades, frustrated quantum magnets have been a seed for scientific progress and innovation in condensed matter. As much as the numerical tools for low-dimensional quantum magnetism have thrived and improved in recent years due to breakthroughs inspired by quantum information and quantum computation, higher-dimensional quantum magnetism can be considered as the final frontier, where strong quantum entanglement, multiple ordering channels, and manifold ways of paramagnetism culminate. At the same time, efforts in crystal synthesis have induced a significant increase in the number of tangible frustrated magnets which are generically three-dimensional in nature, creating an urgent need for quantitative theoretical modeling. We review the pseudo-fermion (PF) and pseudo-Majorana (PM) functional renormalization group (FRG) and their specific ability to address higher-dimensional frustrated quantum magnetism. First developed more than a decade ago, the PFFRG interprets a Heisenberg model Hamiltonian in terms of Abrikosov pseudofermions, which is then treated in a diagrammatic resummation scheme formulated as a renormalization group flow of m-particle pseudofermion vertices. The article reviews the state of the art of PFFRG and PMFRG and discusses their application to exemplary domains of frustrated magnetism, but most importantly, it makes the algorithmic and implementation details of these methods accessible to everyone. By thus lowering the entry barrier to their application, we hope that this review will contribute towards establishing PFFRG and PMFRG as the numerical methods for addressing frustrated quantum magnetism in higher spatial dimensions.
Ultra-short-term prediction of LOD using LSTM neural networks
Creators: name: Gou, Junyang
name: Kiani Shahvandi, Mostafa
name: Hohensinn, Roland
name: Soja, Benedikt
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/004
info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/550
Data processing, computer science
Earth sciences

description: The Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) are fundamentals of geodesy, connecting the terrestrial and celestial reference frames. The typical way to generate EOP of highest accuracy is combining different space geodetic techniques. Due to the time demand for processing data and combining different techniques, the combined EOP products often have latencies from several days to several weeks. However, real-time EOP are needed for multiple geodetic and geophysical applications, including precise navigation and operation of satellites. Predictions of EOP in ultra-short time can overcome the problem of latency of EOP products to a certain extent.

In 2010, the Earth Orientation Parameters Prediction Comparison Campaign (EOP PCC) collected predictions from 20 methods, which were mainly based on statistical approaches, and provided a combined solution. In recent years, more hybrid and machine learning methods have been introduced for EOP prediction.

The rapid expansion of computing power and data volume in recent years has made the application of deep learning in geodesy increasingly promising. In particular, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, one of the most popular variations of Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), is promising for geodetic time series prediction. Thanks to the special structure of its cells, LSTM network can capture the non-linear structure between different time epochs in the time series. Therefore, it is suitable for EOP prediction problems.

In this study, we investigate the potential of using LSTM for the prediction of Length of Day (LOD). The LOD data from a combination of space geodetic techniques are first preprocessed in order to obtain residuals. For this step, we experiment with the application of Savitzky-Golay filters, Singular Spectrum Analysis and the Gauss Markov model. We then employ LSTM networks of different architectures and its variations such as bidirectional LSTM networks to predict the LOD residuals in ultra-short time. Furthermore, we study the impact of Atmospheric Angular Momentum (AAM) and its forecast data on the predictions. The performance of this method is compared with other results of EOP PCC in a hindcast experiment under the same conditions. In addition, we assess the performance of LOD predictions using longer time series than for the EOP PCC to consider improvements of EOP products over the last decade.
description: EGUsphere
A Brief History of Light & Photography By Rick Doble
Creators: name: Doble, Rick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: Design
subject: Digital Humanities
subject: Entertainment
subject: 200104 Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This fully illustrated 23 page paper traces the history of photography and our understanding of light from prehistoric times to the present day and also speculates about the future. From Aristotle to Einstein the camera is much older than most realize. Because photography can record fine detail and freeze a moment of the past, it has also transformed our modern understanding of time and also provided a record of the past which was previously unavailable.
The effect of higher-achieving peers on major choices and labor market outcomes
Creators: name: Feld, Jan
name: Zölitz, U
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 140299 Applied Economics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140199 Economic Theory not elsewhere classified
subject: 140399 Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: This paper investigates how exposure to higher-achieving male and female peers in university affects students’ major choices and labor market outcomes. For identification of causal effects, we exploit the random assignment of students to university sections in compulsory first-year courses. We present two main results. First, studying with higher-achieving peers has no statistically significant or economically meaningful effects on educational choices. Second, we find suggestive evidence that women who have been exposed to higher- achieving male peers end up in jobs in which they are more satisfied.
Explainable AI for time series via Virtual Inspection Layers
Creators: name: Vielhaben, Johanna
name: Lapuschkin, Sebastian
name: Montavon, Grégoire
name: Samek, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Interpretability
subject: Explainable Artificial Intelligence
subject: Time series
subject: Discrete Fourier Transform
subject: Invertible transformations
subject: Audio classification
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: The field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has witnessed significant advancements in recent years. However, the majority of progress has been concentrated in the domains of computer vision and natural language processing. For time series data, where the input itself is often not interpretable, dedicated XAI research is scarce. In this work, we put forward a virtual inspection layer for transforming the time series to an interpretable representation and allows to propagate relevance attributions to this representation via local XAI methods. In this way, we extend the applicability of XAI methods to domains (e.g. speech) where the input is only interpretable after a transformation. In this work, we focus on the Fourier Transform which, is prominently applied in the preprocessing of time series, with Layer-wise Relevance Propagation (LRP) and refer to our method as DFT-LRP. We demonstrate the usefulness of DFT-LRP in various time series classification settings like audio and medical data. We showcase how DFT-LRP reveals differences in the classification strategies of models trained in different domains (e.g., time vs. frequency domain) or helps to discover how models act on spurious correlations in the data.
In-situ Measurements of Stick-Slip Motion at the Bed of an Alpine Glacier
Creators: name: Gräff, Dominik
name: Walter, Fabian Thomas
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2018
Subjects: Glaciology
glacier seismology
stick-slip dynamics
Glacier dynamics

description: Until recently, observations of sudden frictional processes at the bed of glaciers were limited to monitoring form the glacier surface. We study these processes causing stick-slip motion with a new approach that was applied the first time in a field campaign in summer 2018:
We carried out the first in-situ measurements of an active seismogenic fault at a bi- material interface beneath a glacier. Enabled by guided hot water drilling, we targeted borehole experiments to specific glacier bed regions where spatially limited microseismic stick-slip sliding happens and combine them with the recordings of a high-densitiy network of seismometers at the glacier surface.
From the various measurements we can determine the subglacial water- and thus pore pressure evolution and its effect on the fault stability. Futhermore the in-situ borehole measurements enable us to study material properties such as the till and ice characteristics within the stick-slip asperities and compare them to off-site reference measurements in seimically non-active regions of the glacier bed. Finally from acceleration, ice deformation measurements, and borehole camera videos from the glacier bed, we can estimate the amount of aseismic and co-seismic sliding, which cannot be obtained remotely from the ice surface.
Summed up, with our in-situ measurements of an seismogenically active strike-slip fault beneath an alpine glacier, we open a unique posibility for studying seismogenic stick-slip motion at a bi-material interface in a natural environment.
Global Responses of Soil Carbon Dynamics to Microplastic Exposure: A Data Synthesis of Laboratory Studies
Creators: name: Xiang, Yangzhou
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
name: Penuelas, Josep
name: Sardans, Jordi
name: Liu, Ying
name: Yao, Bin
name: Li, Yuan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: microplastics
subject: soil organic carbon
subject: soil respiration
subject: meta-analysis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Microplastics (MPs) contamination presents a significant global environmental challenge, with its potential to influence soil carbon (C) dynamics being a crucial aspect for understanding soil C changes and global C cycling. This meta-analysis synthesizes data from 110 peer-reviewed publications to elucidate the directional, magnitude, and driving effects of MPs exposure on soil C dynamics globally. We evaluated the impacts of MPs characteristics (including type, biodegradability, size, and concentration), soil properties (initial pH and soil organic C [SOC]), and experimental conditions (such as duration and plant presence) on various soil C components. Key findings included the significant promotion of SOC, dissolved organic C, microbial biomass C, and root biomass following MPs addition to soils, while the net photosynthetic rate was reduced. No significant effects were observed on soil respiration and shoot biomass. The study highlights that the MPs concentration, along with other MPs properties and soil attributes, critically influences soil C responses. Our results demonstrate that both the nature of MPs and the soil environment interact to shape the effects on soil C cycling, providing comprehensive insights and guiding strategies for mitigating the environmental impact of MPs.
Dereplication of cytotoxic compounds from different parts of Sophora pachycarpa using an integrated method of HPLC, LC-MS and 1H-NMR techniques
Creators: name: Shour, Sara
name: Iranshahy, Milad
name: Pham, Ngoc
name: Quinn, Ronald J.
name: Iranshahi, Mehrdad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Sophora pachycarpa Schrenk ex C.A.Mey. is an annual plant belonging to the family Fabaceae. The cytotoxic activities of methanol-dichloromethane extracts (1:1) of different parts of S. pachycarpa were investigated on DU145 (prostate cancer cell line) and MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line) cell lines. The root extract of S. pachycarpa was the only extract that showed significant cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 39.88 and 16.49 μg/mL on DU145 and MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. The root extract was then subjected to RP-HPLC for further fractionations. Among the isolated fractions from root extract, only one of them had remarkable cytotoxic effects with IC50 value of 26.43 on MCF-7 and 7.54 μg/mL on DU145 cell lines. Further purification led to isolation of a compound with IC50 values of 5.44 and 2.44 μg/mL on MCF-7 and DU145 cell lines, respectively. Based on 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra, together with LC-MS, the structure of the purified compound was assigned as the flavonostilbene alopecurone A.
title: 01_1916
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
(PDF) Photographs: From the Edge of the Universe to Subatomic Particles: A Modern Slideshow Inspired By the Film, Powers of Ten, By Eames
Creators: name: Doble, Rick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Astrophysics
subject: Cosmology
subject: 20103 Cosmology and Extragalactic Astronomy
subject: Extragalactic Astronomy
subject: 20104 Galactic Astronomy
subject: Solar System, Solar Physics, Planets and Exoplanets
subject: Space Science
subject: 20109 Space and Solar Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Art
subject: Digital Humanities
subject: 49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Using photographs that were not available to Charles and Ray Eames when they made their movie Powers of Ten, photographer Rick Doble has created a new slideshow from public sources that shows the full wonder of the natural world. These photos go from the very big to the very small, starting with a Hubble Telescope shot of 10,000 galaxies that took a million seconds to photograph and ending with a picture of subatomic particles taken with a nanosecond exposure. This show should be useful for science teachers, educators, artists and others who want to view or show a rich and detailed view of the natural world. Available here on Academia.edu as a PDF document or a PowerPoint show.
CEP peptide and cytokinin pathways converge on CEPD glutaredoxins to inhibit root growth
Creators: name: Taleski, Michael
name: Chapman, Kelly
name: Novák, Ondřej
name: Schmülling, Thomas
name: Frank, Manuel
name: Djordjevic, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cytokinin
subject: Plant development
subject: Plant signalling
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: C-TERMINALLY ENCODED PEPTIDE (CEP) and cytokinin hormones act over short and long distances to control plant responses to environmental cues. CEP and cytokinin pathway mutants share phenotypes, however, it is not known if these pathways intersect. We show that CEP and cytokinin signalling converge on CEP DOWNSTREAM (CEPD) glutaredoxins to inhibit primary root growth. CEP inhibition of root growth was impaired in mutants defective in trans-zeatin (tZ)-type cytokinin biosynthesis, transport, perception, and output. Concordantly, mutants affected in CEP RECEPTOR 1 showed reduced root growth inhibition in response to tZ, and altered levels of tZ-type cytokinins. Grafting and organ-specific hormone treatments showed that tZ-mediated root growth inhibition involved CEPD activity in roots. By contrast, root growth inhibition by CEP depended on shoot CEPD function. The results demonstrate that CEP and cytokinin pathways intersect, and utilise signalling circuits in separate organs involving common glutaredoxin genes to coordinate root growth.