cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
One-parameter supersymmetric Hamiltonians in momentum space
Creators: name: Rosu, Haret C.
name: Mancas, Stefan C.
name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results on the one-parameter supersymmetric deformation in momentum space by Curtright and Zachos (2014 J. Phys. A: Math. and Theor. 47 145201; arXiv:1311.6147v2) are presented in a more general framework following our own papers. We extend the analysis of Curtright and Zachos by including the supersymmetric partner one-parameter deformation
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, version accepted at Physica Scripta
On Semiparametrically Dynamic Functional-Coefficient Autoregressive Spatio-Temporal Models with Irregular Location Wide Nonstationarity
Creators: name: Lu, Zudi
name: Ren, Xiaohang
name: Zhang, Rongmao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Nonlinear dynamic modeling of spatio-temporal data is often a challenge, especially due to irregularly observed locations and location-wide nonstationarity. In this article we propose a semiparametric family of Dynamic Functional-coefficient Autoregressive Spatio-Temporal (DyFAST) models to address the difficulties. We specify the autoregressive smoothing coefficients depending dynamically on both a concerned regime and location so that the models can characterize not only the dynamic regime-switching nature but also the location-wide nonstationarity in real data. Different smoothing schemes are then proposed to model the dynamic neighboring-time interaction effects with irregular locations incorporated by (spatial) weight matrices. The first scheme popular in econometrics supposes that the weight matrix is pre-specified. We show that locally optimal bandwidths by a greedy idea popular in machine learning should be cautiously applied. Moreover, many weight matrices can be generated differently by data location features. Model selection is popular, but may suffer from loss of different candidate features. Our second scheme is thus to suggest a weight matrix fusion to let data combine or select the candidates with estimation done simultaneously. Both theoretical properties and Monte Carlo simulations are investigated. The empirical application to an EU energy market dataset further demonstrates the usefulness of our DyFAST models. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
title: Instagram als Medium zur Artikulation von zivilgesellschaftlichem Protest am Beispiel Belarus
Creators: name: Lobach, Yuliia
Year: 2022

description: Seit August 2020 protestiert die belarussische Zivilbevölkerung massenhaft gegen die manipulierten Präsidentschaftswahlen in Jahr 2020. Die ganze Welt beobachtete, auch über die Medien, die friedlichen Proteste der BelarusInnen trotz schwerer Schläge, Inhaftierungen und Verletzungen der Bürger- und Menschenrechte durch die Regierung des selbsternannten Präsidenten Alexander Lukaschenko und die Einsätze der Polizei und der Bereitschaftspolizei. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, die Proteste, die 2020 in Belarus stattfanden, auf der Grundlage der Ergebnisse besser zu verstehen und zu interpretieren. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wurden drei Instagram-Konten der wichtigsten unabhängigen Medien in Belarus ausgewählt: @nashaniva, @radiosvaboda, @tutbylive. Auch Forschungsfragen werden formuliert: Welche der sozialen Gruppen unter PensionistInnen, Frauen und Menschen mit Behinderungen während der Proteste von August bis Ende Dezember 2020 in Belarus erscheinen am häufigsten auf Fotos der unabhängigen Medien @nashaniva, @radiosvaboda, @tutbylive auf Instagram? Und haben demnach die friedlichen Proteste in Belarus 2020 wirklich ein weibliches Gesicht? Welches Hauptbildmotiv der Protesten 2020 in Belarus kommt am häufigsten vor und wie kann man das interpretieren? Welches sekundäre Bildmotiv der Protesten 2020 in Belarus kommt am häufigsten vor und wie kann man das interpretieren? Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wurde eine quantitative Studie zur Bildtypenanalyse durchgeführt. Aufgrund der Forschungsergebnisse kann nicht eindeutig festgestellt werden, dass die friedlichen Proteste in Belarus im Jahr 2020 ein weibliches Gesicht haben. Als häufigstes Bildhauptmotiv stellte sich nach den gewonnenen Ergebnissen der "Marsch der Solidarität" heraus. Nach den sekundären Bildmotiv-Ergebnissen ist das häufigste Motiv „Gemischte Symbolik“ für alle drei Instagram-Accounts. Die DemonstrantInnen erscheinen mit verschiedenen Utensilien, die für die belarussischen Proteste von 2020 charakteristisch sind. Dazu gehören auch die nationalen Symbole von Belarus in den Jahren 1918 und 1991-1995, die die weiß-rot-weiße Flagge und das Wappen Pohonja demonstrieren - die nationalen Symbole von Belarus zum Zeitpunkt der Geburt seiner Unabhängigkeit in einem demokratischen Staatssystem. Damit erklären die DemonstrantInnen gegenüber der Lukaschenko-Regierung und der Welt über die Medien, dass sie für demokratische, faire Präsidentschaftswahlen und für ein demokratisches System im Land stehen.
A Minimal Sub-Planckian Axion Inflation Model with Large Tensor-to-Scalar Ratio
Creators: name: McDonald, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a minimal axion inflation model which can generate a large tensor-to-scalar ratio while remaining sub-Planckian. The modulus of a complex scalar field $Φ$ with a $λ|Φ|^4$ potential couples directly to the gauge field of a strongly-coupled sector via a term of the form $(|Φ|/M_{Pl})^{m} F \tilde{F}$. This generates a minimum of the potential which is aperiodic in the phase. The resulting inflation model is equivalent to a $ϕ^{4/(m+1)}$ chaotic inflation model. For the natural case of a leading-order portal-like interaction $Φ^{\dagger}ΦF \tilde{F}$, the model is equivalent to a $ϕ^{4/3}$ chaotic inflation model and predicts a tensor-to-scalar ratio $r = 16/3N = 0.097$ and a scalar spectral index $n_{s} = 1-5/3N = 0.970$. The value of $|Φ|$ remains sub-Planckian throughout the observable era of inflation, with $|Φ| \lesssim 0.01 M_{Pl}$ for $N \lesssim 60$ when $λ\sim 1$.
description: One minor alteration. Version to be published in JCAP
The Effects of Collateral Consequences of Criminal Involvement on Employment, Use of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, and Health
Creators: name: Sheely, Amanda
name: Kneipp, Shawn M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Criminal convictions are often associated with collateral consequences that limit access to the forms of employment and social services on which disadvantaged women most frequently rely – regardless of the severity of the offense. These consequences may play an important role in perpetuating health disparities by socioeconomic status and gender. We examined the extent to which research studies to date have assessed whether a criminal conviction might influence women’s health by limiting access to Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and employment, as a secondary, or “collateral” criminal conviction-related consequence. We reviewed 434 peer-reviewed journal articles retrieved from three electronic article databases and 197 research reports from three research organizations. Two reviewers independently extracted data from each eligible article or report using a standardized coding scheme. Of the sixteen eligible studies included in the review, most were descriptive. None explored whether receiving TANF modified health outcomes, despite its potential to do so. Researchers to date have not fully examined the causal pathways that could link employment, receiving TANF, and health, especially for disadvantaged women. Future research is needed to address this gap and to understand better the potential consequences of the criminal justice system involvement on the health of this vulnerable population.
A Correlated Network Scale-Up Model: Finding the Connection Between Subpopulations
Creators: name: Laga, Ian
name: Bao, Le
name: Niu, Xiaoyue
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Aggregated Relational Data (ARD), formed from “How many X’s do you know?” questions, is a powerful tool for learning important network characteristics with incomplete network data. Compared to traditional survey methods, ARD is attractive as it does not require a sample from the target population and does not ask respondents to self-reveal their own status. This is helpful for studying hard-to-reach populations like female sex workers who may be hesitant to reveal their status. From December 2008 to February 2009, the Kiev International Institute of Sociology (KIIS) collected ARD from 10,866 respondents to estimate the size of HIV-related groups in Ukraine. To analyze this data, we propose a new ARD model which incorporates respondent and group covariates in a regression framework and includes a bias term that is correlated between groups. We also introduce a new scaling procedure using the correlation structure to further reduce biases. The resulting size estimates of those most-at-risk of HIV infection can improve the HIV response efficiency in Ukraine. Additionally, the proposed model allows us to better understand two network features without the full network data: (a) What characteristics affect who respondents know, and (b) How is knowing someone from one group related to knowing people from other groups. These features can allow researchers to better recruit marginalized individuals into the prevention and treatment programs. Our proposed model and several existing NSUM models are implemented in the networkscaleup R package. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Computing recurrence coefficients of multiple orthogonal polynomials
Creators: name: Filipuk, Galina
name: Haneczok, Maciej
name: Van Assche, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39A14, 42C05, 65Q30

description: Multiple orthogonal polynomials satisfy a number of recurrence relations, in particular there is a $(r+2)$-term recurrence relation connecting the type II multiple orthogonal polynomials near the diagonal (the so-called step-line recurrence relation) and there is a system of $r$ recurrence relations connecting the nearest neighbors (the so-called nearest neighbor recurrence relations). In this paper we deal with two problems. First we show how one can obtain the nearest neighbor recurrence coefficients (and in particular the recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials for each of the defining measures) from the step-line recurrence coefficients. Secondly we show how one can compute the step-line recurrence coefficients from the recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials of each of the measures defining the multiple orthogonality.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures in Numerical Algorithms (2015)
Intensity modulated proton therapy plan generation in under ten seconds
Creators: name: Matter, Michael
name: Nenoff, Lena
name: Meier, Gabriel
name: Weber, Damien C.
name: Lomax, Antony J.
name: Albertini, Francesca
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Treatment planning for intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) can be significantly improved by reducing the time for plan calculation, facilitating efficient sampling of the large solution space characteristic of IMPT treatments. Additionally, fast plan generation is a key for online adaptive treatments, where the adapted plan needs to be ideally available in a few seconds. However, plan generation is a computationally demanding task and, although dose restoration methods for adaptive therapy have been proposed, computation times remain problematic. Material and methods: IMPT plan generation times were reduced by the development of dedicated graphical processing unit (GPU) kernels for our in-house, clinically validated, dose and optimization algorithms. The kernels were implemented into a coherent system, which performed all steps required for a complete treatment plan generation. Results: Using a single GPU, our fast implementation was able to generate a complete new treatment plan in 5–10 sec for typical IMPT cases, and in under 25 sec for plans to very large volumes such as for cranio-spinal axis irradiations. Although these times did not include the manual input of optimization parameters or a final clinical dose calculation, they included all required computational steps, including reading of CT and beam data. In addition, no compromise was made on plan quality. Target coverage and homogeneity for four patient plans improved (by up to 6%) or remained the same (changes <1%). No worsening of dose-volume parameters of the relevant organs at risk by more than 0.5% was observed. Conclusions: Fast plan generation with a clinically validated dose calculation and optimizer is a promising approach for daily adaptive proton therapy, as well as for automated or highly interactive planning.
Retrieving time-dependent Green's functions in optics with low-coherence interferometry
Creators: name: Badon, Amaury
name: Lerosey, Geoffroy
name: Boccara, Albert C.
name: Fink, Mathias
name: Aubry, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the passive measurement of time-dependent Green's functions in the optical frequency domain with low-coherence interferometry. Inspired by previous studies in acoustics and seismology, we show how the correlations of a broadband and incoherent wave-field can directly yield the Green's functions between scatterers of a complex medium. Both the ballistic and multiple scattering components of the Green's function are retrieved. This approach opens important perspectives for optical imaging and characterization in complex scattering media.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Particle systems with a singular mean-field self-excitation. Application to neuronal networks
Creators: name: Delarue, F.
name: Inglis, J.
name: Rubenthaler, S.
name: Tanré, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the construction and approximation of solutions to a nonlinear McKean-Vlasov equation driven by a singular self-excitatory interaction of the mean-field type. Such an equation is intended to describe an infinite population of neurons which interact with one another. Each time a proportion of neurons 'spike', the whole network instantaneously receives an excitatory kick. The instantaneous nature of the excitation makes the system singular and prevents the application of standard results from the literature. Making use of the Skorohod M1 topology, we prove that, for the right notion of a 'physical' solution, the nonlinear equation can be approximated either by a finite particle system or by a delayed equation. As a by-product, we obtain the existence of 'synchronized' solutions, for which a macroscopic proportion of neurons may spike at the same time.
Using electron vortex beams to determine chirality of crystals in transmission electron microscopy
Creators: name: Juchtmans, Roeland
name: Béché, Armand
name: Abakumov, Artem
name: Batuk, Maria
name: Verbeeck, Jo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electron vortex beams elastically scattered on chiral crystals. After deriving a general expression for the scattering amplitude of a vortex electron, we study its diffraction on point scatterers arranged on a helix. We derive a relation between the handedness of the helix and the topological charge of the electron vortex on one hand, and the symmetry of the Higher Order Laue Zones in the diffraction pattern on the other for kinematically and dynamically scattered electrons. We then extend this to atoms arranged on a helix as found in crystals which belong to chiral space groups and propose a new method to determine the handedness of such crystals by looking at the symmetry of the diffraction pattern. Contrary to alternative methods, our technique does not require multiple scattering which makes it possible to also investigate extremely thin samples in which multiple scattering is suppressed. In order to verify the model, elastic scattering simulations are performed and an experimental demonstration on Mn$_2$Sb$_2$O$_7$ is given where we find the sample to belong to the right handed variant of its enantiomorphic pair. This demonstrates the usefulness of electron vortex beams to reveal the chirality of crystals in a transmission electron microscope and provides the required theoretical basis for further developments in this field.
D4.3 System Dynamics Based Model
Creators: name: Barrientos, Francisco
name: Martín-Lerones, Pedro
name: Olmedo, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: System Dynamics (SD) modelling applied to heritage-led rural regeneration is one of the key points of the RURITAGE project. Work Package 4 focuses on the Monitoring System, in which the SD modelling is a central piece. Task 4.4 tackles the introductory works to design a final solution within the framework of the Monitoring System.
 The report begins with an update of the situation on the development of the Monitoring Platform, since many changes have occurred in the last stages of the project that have influenced the platform.
 The following section describes the SD model building, included detailed information about the analysis of the monitoring data, and the identification of dynamics relationships. A brief description of the process to evaluate the relevance of every KPI is provided. To complete the explanation of the process, the design of the sub-systems and the construction of the matrix that correlates the SIAs and the KPIs are described. The last part of the section provides the system design and the models architecture, including a screenshot of the user interface and the explanation of the main characteristics and available simulation options for the end-user.
 The report ends up with a conclusions section, containing the main outcomes and some ideas for further research and development in this field.
Factors determining the effect of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with stage-III nonsmall cell lung cancer: exploratory subgroup analyses of the NVALT-11/DLCRG-02 phase-III study
Creators: name: W. J. A. Witlox
name: B. L. T. Ramaekers
name: H. J. M. Groen
name: A. M. Dingemans
name: J. Praag
name: J. Belderbos
name: V. Van Der Noort
name: H. Van Tinteren
name: M. A. Joore
name: D. K. M. De Ruysscher
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Factors determining the effect of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with stage-III nonsmall cell lung cancer: exploratory subgroup analyses of the NVALT-11/DLCRG-02 phase-III study
Integrable Amplitude Deformations for N=4 Super Yang-Mills and ABJM Theory
Creators: name: Bargheer, Till
name: Huang, Yu-tin
name: Loebbert, Florian
name: Yamazaki, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Yangian-invariant deformations of scattering amplitudes in 4d N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and 3d N=6 Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena (ABJM) theory. In particular, we obtain the deformed Grassmannian integral for 4d N=4 super Yang-Mills theory, both in momentum and momentum-twistor space. For 3d ABJM theory, we initiate the study of deformed scattering amplitudes. We investigate general deformations of on-shell diagrams, and find the deformed Grassmannian integral for this theory. We furthermore introduce the algebraic R-matrix construction of deformed Yangian invariants for ABJM theory.
description: 39 pages, 9 figures; v2: references added, typos fixed, section 3.4 improved, published version
Framing Anomaly in the Effective Theory of Fractional Quantum Hall Effect
Creators: name: Gromov, Andrey
name: Cho, Gil Young
name: You, Yizhi
name: Abanov, Alexander G.
name: Fradkin, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the geometric part of the effective action for Fractional Quantum Hall Effect (FQHE). It is shown that accounting for the framing anomaly of the quantum Chern-Simons theory is essential to the obtain correct gravitational linear response functions. In the lowest order in gradients the linear response generating functional includes Chern-Simons, Wen-Zee and gravitational Chern- Simons terms. The latter term has a contribution from the framing anomaly which fixes the value of thermal Hall conductivity and contributes to the Hall viscosity of the FQH states on a sphere. We also discuss the effects of the framing anomaly on linear responses for non-Abelian FQH states.
description: 5 pages, v3 contains the Erratum on the value of the orbital spin variance
The Association Between Self-Reported Major Life Events and the Presence of Uterine Fibroids
Creators: name: Ta, Myduc
name: Vines, Anissa I.
name: Esserman, Denise A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors in reproductive age women. Factors associated with condition such as psychosocial stress are still being elucidated. This paper explores the association between major life events (MLE) stress and fibroids.
title: Jüdinnen und Juden aus dem Burgenland in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus (1938-1945)
Creators: name: Craß, Margarethe
Year: 2022

description: Im Mittelpunkt dieser Studie stehen Kinder, Frauen und Männer, die im Sinne der „Nürnberger Gesetze“ als Jüdinnen und Juden galten, die durch Geburts- und Wohnort einen Bezug zum österreichischen Bundesland Burgenland aufwiesen und die im Rahmen der nationalsozialistischen Verfolgungs- und Vernichtungsmaßnahmen im Zeitraum von März 1938 bis Mai 1945 zu Tode kamen. Eine von der Burgenländischen Forschungsgesellschaft 2008 erstellte burgenländische Shoah-Opferdatenbank wurde aktualisiert und ergänzt, die erhobenen Opferdaten wurden einer ausführlichen Analyse unterzogen. Die statistischen Auswertungen der bisher erfassten Daten erfolgten nach verschiedenen Kriterien, u.a. nach Geschlechterverteilung, Alter, Geburtsorten, Deportationsdaten, Deportationszielen, Exilländern und Todesdaten. Damit konnte diese burgenländische Opfergruppe erstmalig kollektiv-biographisch erschlossen werden. Die Vertreibung, Deportation und Vernichtung von burgenländisch-jüdischen Kindern, Frauen und Männern in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus wurden sowohl auf der regionalen als auch der europäischen Ebene untersucht. Mittels exemplarischer Kurzbiographien wurde versucht, Spuren burgenländischer Shoah-Opfer in der Landesgeschichte sichtbar zu machen. Bearbeitet wurden Aspekte ihrer Vertreibung aus dem Burgenland, Umstände ihrer Deportationen aus Wien und aus europäischen Exilländern und ihr Aufenthalt in nationalsozialistischen Ghettos und Lagern, die in die Vernichtung führten.
title: Strategische Verwendung von sprachlichen Mitteln in der Unternehmenskommunikation
Creators: name: Kraft, Victoria-Sophia
Year: 2022

description: Öffentlichkeitsarbeit für Unternehmen oder auch einzelne Personen ist in 2022 fast nicht mehr wegzudenken. Als mittlerweile fester Bestandteil in einer Organisation sorgt die Öffentlichkeitsarbeit für eine positive Wahrnehmung und Reputation nach außen hin, was sie speziell zur Gewinnung neuer Kunden, zum Verkauf der eigenen Produkte oder Dienstleistungen oder aber auch zur Prävention beziehungsweise Bewältigung von Krisen unbedingt notwendig macht. Als eine solche Krise wirkt sich die Corona-Pandemie auf die gesamte Gesellschaft sowie auch Unternehmen aus und so wird aus linguistischer Perspektive untersucht, inwieweit Unternehmen in Hinblick auf die Krisensituation mithilfe von Online-PR sprachliche Strategien gezielt verfolgen beziehungsweise wie Unternehmen mit einer Krise argumentativ umgehen.
Towards proton arc therapy: physical and biologically equivalent doses with increasing number of beams in pediatric brain irradiation
Creators: name: Toussaint, Laura
name: Indelicato, Daniel J.
name: Holgersen, Katrine S.
name: Petersen, Jørgen B. B.
name: Stokkevåg, Camilla H.
name: Lassen-Ramshad, Yasmin
name: Casares-Magaz, Oscar
name: Vestergaard, Anne
name: Muren, Ludvig P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Background: Proton arc therapy may improve physical dose conformity and reduce concerns of elevated linear energy transfer (LET) and relative biological effectiveness (RBE) at the end of the proton range, while offering more degrees of freedom for normal tissue sparing. To explore the potential of proton arc therapy, we studied the effect of increasing the number of beams on physical and biologically equivalent dose conformity in the setting of pediatric brain tumors. Material and methods: A cylindrical phantom (Ø = 150 mm) with central cylindrical targets (Ø = 25 and 30 mm) was planned with increasing number of equiangular coplanar proton beams (from 3 to 36). For four anonymized pediatric brain tumor patients, two ‘surrogate’ proton arc plans (18 equiangular coplanar or sagittal beams) and a reference plan with 3 non-coplanar beams were constructed. Biologically equivalent doses were calculated using two RBE scenarios: RBE1.1; and RBELET, the physical dose weighted by the LET. For both RBE scenarios, dose gradients were assessed, and doses to cognitive brain structures were reported. Results: Increasing the number of beams resulted in an improved dose gradient and reduced volume exposed to intermediate LET levels, at the expense of increased low-dose and low-LET volumes. Most of the differences between the two RBE scenarios were seen around the prescription dose level, where the isodose volumes increased with the RBELET plans, e.g. up to 63% in the 3-beam plan for the smallest phantom target. Overall, the temporal lobes were better spared with the sagittal proton arc surrogate plans, e.g. a mean dose of 3.9 Gy compared to 6 Gy in the reference 3-beam plan (median value, RBE1.1). Conclusion: Proton arc therapy has the potential to improve dose gradients to better spare cognitive brain structures. However, this is at the expense of increased low-dose/low-LET volumes, with possible implications for secondary cancer risks.
Complexity Measures and Concept Learning
Creators: name: Pape, Andreas D.
name: Kurtz, Kenneth J.
name: Sayama, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The nature of concept learning is a core question in cognitive science. Theories must account for the relative difficulty of acquiring different concepts by supervised learners. For a canonical set of six category types, two distinct orderings of classification difficulty have been found. One ordering, which we call paradigm-specific, occurs when adult human learners classify objects with easily distinguishable characteristics such as size, shape, and shading. The general order occurs in all other known cases: when adult humans classify objects with characteristics that are not readily distinguished (e.g., brightness, saturation, hue); for children and monkeys; and when categorization difficulty is extrapolated from errors in identification learning. The paradigm-specific order was found to be predictable mathematically by measuring the logical complexity of tasks, i.e., how concisely the solution can be represented by logical rules. However, logical complexity explains only the paradigm-specific order but not the general order. Here we propose a new difficulty measurement, information complexity, that calculates the amount of uncertainty remaining when a subset of the dimensions are specified. This measurement is based on Shannon entropy. We show that, when the metric extracts minimal uncertainties, this new measurement predicts the paradigm-specific order for the canonical six category types, and when the metric extracts average uncertainties, this new measurement predicts the general order. Moreover, for learning category types beyond the canonical six, we find that the minimal-uncertainty formulation correctly predicts the paradigm-specific order as well or better than existing metrics (Boolean complexity and GIST) in most cases.
description: 27 pages, 7 tables, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in Journal of Mathematical Psychology, in press
A Hedge  to Retrieve Studies Related to Africa and African Countries from the Ovid MEDLINE
Creators: Campbell, Sandra M.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

This search hedge is designed to retrieve studies related to Africa or African countries from the OVID Medline database.  This is an archived version of the search.  For the current version see the Health Sciences Search Filters https://guides.library.ualberta.ca/c.php?g=342568&p=4521604
International Interdisciplinary Conference Research Paper Presented By Roja Balasaheb Chawre (Savitribai Phule Pune University)
Creators: name: Chawre, Roja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Roja Chawre

description: at National and International Level Organized by Sandbook Quality Consultancy, Dubai , UAE And Snehavardhan Research Institute, Pune , India.
description: Roja Chawre is a Social Scientist and Linguistic Scientist.
title: Mangelernährung in der kardiovaskulären Rehabilitation
Creators: name: Prenner, Christiane
Year: 2022

description: Hintergrund: Mangelernährung ist ein weitgehend unerkanntes Problem in der kardiologischen Rehabilitation. Für betroffene Patient*innen ist sie jedoch mit erheblichen negativen Folgen verbunden. Ziel dieser Masterarbeit war die Ermittlung der Prävalenz eines Risikos für Mangelernährung bzw. einer manifesten Mangelernährung in der kardiologischen Rehabilitation. Außerdem sollten Körperzusammensetzung, Proteinstatus, Leistungsfähigkeit und Handkraft der betroffenen Patient*innen zu Beginn und im Verlauf des stationären Aufenthaltes erfasst und im Vergleich zu einer Kontroll-gruppe beurteilt werden. Zudem war der Zusammenhang zwischen der Entwicklung spezifischer Parameter und der Proteinzufuhr von Interesse. Material und Methoden: Im Rahmen der kontrollierten Beobachtungsstudie wurden alle Rehabilitand*innen im Zeitraum von Dezember 2018 bis Februar 2020 im kardiologischen Rehazentrum der PVA in Bad Tatzmannsdorf einem Mangelernährungsscreening unterzogen. Bei betroffenen Patient*innen wurden laborchemische Untersuchungen, Bioimpedanz Analysen sowie Leistungstests (Ergometrie, 6-MGT, Handkraftmessung) durchgeführt. Zusätzlich wurde die Korrelation der Proteinzufuhr mit der Entwicklung spezifischer Parameter bewertet. Ergebnisse: 9,6 % aller gescreenten Patient*innen wiesen ein Risiko für Mangelernährung auf oder waren manifest mangelernährt. Körperzellmasse, Phasenwinkel, Proteinparameter und Handkraft waren zu Beginn in der Testgruppe niedriger als in der Kontrollgruppe. Im Beobachtungszeitraum stiegen die Parameter Körperzellmasse (+ 0,9 kg), Phasenwinkel (+ 0,2°) sowie Präalbumin, Albumin und Transferrin in der Testgruppe signifikant. Alle Kenngrößen der Leistungsfähigkeit verbesserten sich unabhängig von der Gruppe, wobei die Zunahme der Gehstrecke im 6-MGT in der Testgruppe deutlicher ausgeprägt war (+ 66 m vs. +28 m). Die Proteinzufuhr korrelierte positiv mit der Steigerung von Körperzellmasse, Phasenwinkel, Präalbumin, RBP4, Gesamteiweiß und Transferrin. Conclusio: Kardiologische Risikopatient*innen mit einer Mangelernährung weisen ein beachtliches Rehabilitationspotential auf. Ein entsprechendes Screening sowie eine adäquate Ernährungstherapie mit Fokus auf die Proteinzufuhr können einen wesentlichen Beitrag leisten, um dieses ausschöpfen.
Evolutionary Channels for the Formation of Double Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Andrews, Jeff J.
name: Farr, Will M.
name: Kalogera, Vicky
name: Willems, Bart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze binary population models of double-neutron stars and compare results to the accurately measured orbital periods and eccentricities of the eight known such systems in our Galaxy. In contrast to past similar studies, we especially focus on the dominant evolutionary channels (we identify three); for the first time, we use a detailed understanding of the evolutionary history of three double neutron stars as actual constraints on the population models. We find that the evolutionary constraints derived from the double pulsar are particularly tight, and less than half of the examined models survive the full set of constraints. The top-likelihood surviving models yield constraints on the key binary evolution parameters, but most interestingly reveal (i) the need for electron-capture supernovae from relatively low-mass degenerate, progenitor cores, and (ii) the most likely evolutionary paths for the rest of the known double neutron stars. In particular, we find that J1913+16 likely went through a phase of Case BB mass transfer, and J1906+0746 and J1756-2251 are consistent with having been formed in electron-capture supernovae.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Analysis of lymphatic metastasis and progression patterns for clinical target volume (CTV) definition in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)
Creators: name: B. Pouymayou
name: C. Koechli
name: P. Balermpas
name: M. Guckenberger
name: J. Unkelbach
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Analysis of lymphatic metastasis and progression patterns for clinical target volume (CTV) definition in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)
Enhancing $thj$ Production from Top-Higgs FCNC Couplings
Creators: name: Wu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the single top and Higgs associated production $pp \to thj$ in the presence of top-Higgs FCNC couplings($κ_{tqh}, q=u,c$) at the LHC. Under the current constraints, we find that the cross section of $pp \to thj$ can be sizably enhanced in comparison with the SM predictions at 8 and 14 TeV LHC. We also find that the full cross section of $pp \to thj$ with $κ_{tch}$ is larger than the resonant cross section of $pp \to t\bar{t} \to thj$ by a factor 1.16 at 8 TeV LHC and 1.12 at 14 TeV LHC, respectively. We further explore the observability of top-Higgs FCNC couplings through $pp \to t(\to b\ell^{+} ν_{\ell}) h( \to γγ) j$ and find that the branching ratios $Br(t\to qh)$, $Br(t \to uh)$ and $Br(t \to ch)$ can be respectively probed to $0.12\%,~0.23\%$ and $~0.26\%$ at $3σ$ sensitivity at 14 TeV LHC with ${\cal L} =3000$ fb$^{-1}$.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, references and discussions added, accepted by JHEP
A prospective, multicenter DAHANCA study of hyperfractionated, accelerated radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Saksø, Mette
name: Andersen, Elo
name: Bentzen, Jens
name: Andersen, Maria
name: Johansen, Jørgen
name: Primdahl, Hanne
name: Overgaard, Jens
name: Eriksen, Jesper Grau
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Background: The study aimed to evaluate Hyperfractionated, Accelerated Radiotherapy (HART) with nimorazole for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) using loco-regional failure (LRF), overall survival (OS), early and late morbidity as endpoints. Material and methods: From February 2007 to January 2018, 295 patients with unresected HNSCC, T1-T4, N0-N3, M0, were treated with HART prescribed as 76 Gy in 56 fractions (fx), 10 fx weekly. IMRT was used in >90% of patients. No chemotherapy was given. Patients were prospectively registered in the DAHANCA database. Results: The median age was 64 years, 75% of patients were males. Primary sites were larynx (25%), pharynx (64%) and oral cavity (11%). In total, 59% were stage III-IV (UICC 2002). Of the 150 oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) patients, 42% were p16+. The proportion of patients receiving HART as planned was 97%. The median follow-up time was 66 months. Three-year actuarial LRF was 19% and OS was 66%. LRF was significantly higher for stage III–IV patients compared to stage I–II (25% vs. 11%, HR 2.12 [1.21–3.74]). The site-specific LRF rates were: for larynx 22% [12–32], hypopharynx 30% [16–45], non-p16+ oropharynx 15% [8–23], p16+ oropharynx 7% [1–13] and oral cavity 35% [18–53]. During therapy, 51% reported severe dysphagia and 60% required feeding tubes. The peak incidence of late, severe dysphagia and xerostomia was 21% and 9%, respectively. A comparison to historical data from previous DAHANCA trials showed that tumor control and morbidity are comparable to treatment with acceleration and/or chemo-radiation. Conclusions: HART represents an attractive approach for patients with HNSCC where treatment intensification is indicated.
Supplementary document for Controlling the water giant low inertia nonlinear refractive index in the THz frequency range via temperature variation - 6279521.pdf
Creators: name: Nabilkova, Aleksandra
name: Ismagilov, Azat
name: Melnik, Maksim
name: Tsypkin, Anton
name: Guselnikov, Mikhail
name: Kozlov, Sergei
name: Zhang, Xi-Cheng
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplemental material
title: Illyrer und Illyricum bei Herodian
Creators: name: Tomko, Zoltan
Year: 2022

description: In dieser Arbeit wurde untersucht, was Herodian, der sein Geschichtswerk um die Mitte des 3. Jahrhunderts verfasste, zu dem Zeitpunkt als sich das Illyricum-Konzept wandelte und eine weitere Verbreitung fand, unter „Illyricum“ verstand. Dabei war es mir vor allem wichtig, die Frage zu klären, ob der Illyrer-Begriff bei Herodian immer noch ein hauptsächlich ethnisch-geographisches, oder eher ein ideologisches Konzept ist, das vielleicht von der decianischen Propaganda beeinflusst wurde, wie Géza Alföldy vermutet hat. Ich habe dafür argumentiert, dass eine Datierung des Werkes in die Herrschaftszeit des Decius oder noch später wahrscheinlich ist. Meine Untersuchung hat nämlich ergeben, dass über Illyrer und Illyricum fast ausschließlich in einem militärischen Kontext gesprochen wird, wenn von Bürgerkriegen, Usurpationen oder Krisensituationen die Rede ist. Den Illyrern und dem Illyricum wird eine enorme militärische und ideologische Bedeutung zugewiesen, die noch auffallender ist, wenn man Herodian mit einem früheren und späteren historiographischen Werk, dem Geschichtswerk Cassius Dios und der Historia Augusta vergleicht. In beiden Werken fehlt die den Illyrern und dem Illyricum zugeschriebene militärische und ideologische Bedeutung, in denselben Kontexten werden Illyrer und Illyricum praktisch kaum oder gar nicht erwähnt.
Search for resonant diboson production in the $\ell\ell q\bar{q}$ final state in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports on a search for narrow resonances in diboson production in the $\ell\ell q\bar{q}$ final state using pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20 fb$^{-1}$ collected at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess of data events over the Standard Model expectation is observed. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section times branching ratio for Kaluza--Klein gravitons predicted by the Randall--Sundrum model and for Extended Gauge Model W' bosons. These results lead to the exclusion of mass values below 740 GeV and 1590 GeV for the graviton and W' boson respectively.
description: 8 pages + author list + cover page (23 pages total), 2 figures, 2 tables, submitted to EPJC, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2013-06/
Towards FLASH proton therapy: the impact of treatment planning and machine characteristics on achievable dose rates
Creators: name: Water, Steven Van De
name: Sairos Safai
name: Schippers, Jacobus M.
name: Weber, Damien C.
name: Lomax, Antony J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: This study aimed at evaluating spatially varying instantaneous dose rates for different intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) planning strategies and delivery scenarios, and comparing these with FLASH dose rates (>40 Gy/s). Material and methods: In order to quantify dose rates in three-dimensions, we proposed the ‘dose-averaged dose rate’ (DADR) metric, defined for each voxel as the dose-weighted mean of the instantaneous dose rates of all spots (i.e., pencil beams). This concept was applied to four head-and-neck cases, each planned with clinical (4 fields) and various spot-reduced IMPT techniques: ‘standard’ (4 fields), ‘arc’ (120 fields) and ‘arc-shoot-through’ (120 fields; 229 MeV only). For all plans, different delivery scenarios were simulated: constant beam intensity, variable beam intensity for a clinical Varian ProBeam system, varied per energy layer or per spot, and theoretical spot-wise variable beam intensity (i.e., no monitor/safety limitations). DADR distributions were calculated assuming 2-Gy or 6-Gy fractions. Results: Spot-reduced plans contained 17–52 times fewer spots than clinical plans, with no deterioration of plan quality. For the clinical plans, the mean DADR in normal tissue for 2-Gy fractionation was 1.7 Gy/s (median over all patients) at maximum, whereas in standard spot-reduced plans it was 0.7, 4.4, 7.1, and 12.1 Gy/s, for the constant, energy-layer-wise, spot-wise, and theoretical spot-wise delivery scenarios, respectively. Similar values were observed for arc plans. Arc-shoot-through planning resulted in DADR values of 3.0, 6.0, 14.1, and 24.4 Gy/s, for the abovementioned scenarios. Hypofractionation (3×) generally resulted in higher dose rates, up to 73.2 Gy/s for arc-shoot-through plans. The DADR was inhomogeneously distributed with highest values at beam entrance and at the Bragg peak. Conclusion: FLASH dose rates were not achieved for conventional planning and clinical spot-scanning machines. As such, increased spot-wise beam intensities, spot-reduced planning, hypofractionation and arc-shoot-through plans were required to achieve FLASH compatible dose rates.
Low-energy description of the metal-insulator transition in the rare-earth nickelates
Creators: name: Subedi, Alaska
name: Peil, Oleg E.
name: Georges, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple theoretical description of the metal-insulator transition of rare-earth nickelates. The theory involves only two orbitals per nickel site, corresponding to the low-energy anti-bonding $e_g$ states. In the monoclinic insulating state, bond-length disproportionation splits the manifold of $e_g$ bands, corresponding to a modulation of the effective on-site energy. We show that, when subject to a local Coulomb repulsion $U$ and Hund's coupling $J$, the resulting bond-disproportionated state is a paramagnetic insulator for a wide range of interaction parameters. Furthermore, we find that when $U-3J$ is small or negative, a spontaneous instability to bond disproportionation takes place for large enough $J$. This minimal theory emphasizes that a small or negative charge-transfer energy, a large Hund's coupling, and a strong coupling to bond-disproportionation are the key factors underlying the transition. Experimental consequences of this theoretical picture are discussed.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures; published version in the update