cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Bells of Mindfulness: An Online Mindfulness Meditation Course to Promote Mindfulness Meditation for PhD Students
Creators: name: Folland, Michael
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Over the last 20 years, there has been growing evidence of mental health issues in doctoral candidates worldwide (Zhang et al., 2022; Barry et al., 2019; Gewin, 2012; Radison & DiGeronimo, 2005). Practicing mindfulness meditation, which is one way to cope with stress and anxiety (Kabat-Zinn, 1991), could be a useful practice for these PhD students. However, despite all the evidence that suggests the health benefits of having a regular meditation routine, motivating graduate students to practice meditation can be challenging (Franco, 2020). This study addresses this challenge by assessing a 5-week mindfulness meditation course designed to support graduate students in developing a habit of practicing mindfulness meditation. Graduate students in PhD degree programs, many of whom worked and/or had families, were recruited to participate in a 5-week online mindfulness meditation course. Principles from social cognitive learning theory, particularly self-efficacy, guided course structure and activities, helping to better understand and interpret participants' experiences and growth throughout the course. Interviews were conducted mid- and post-course to find out how effective the online course was in helping participants to make a habit of practicing mindfulness meditation and to understand what factors of the course were most effective in changing their mindfulness meditation practice. Participants took the Self-Efficacy for Mindfulness Meditation Practice surveys, pre-, mid-, and post-course to inform qualitative data from interviews.
The lateral prefrontal cortex supports an integrated representation of task-rules and expected rewards : evidence from fMRI-adaptation
Creators: name: Dixon, Matt Luke
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Our capacity for self-control is supported by the use of behaviour-guiding rules. A fundamental question is how we decide which one of out of many potential rules to follow. If different rules were integrated with their expected reward-value, they could be compared, and the one with the highest value selected. However, it currently remains unknown whether any areas of the brain perform this integrative function. To address this question, we took advantage of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)-adaptation—the ubiquitous finding that repeated as compared to novel stimuli elicit a change in the magnitude of neural activity in areas of the brain that are sensitive to that stimulus. We created a novel fMRI-adaptation paradigm in which instruction cues signaled novel or repeated task-rules and expected rewards. We found that the inferior frontal sulcus (IFS)—a sub-region of the lateral prefrontal cortex—exhibited fMRI-adaptation uniquely when both rule and reward information repeated as compared to when it was novel. fMRI-adaptation was not observed when either factor repeated in isolation, providing strong evidence that the IFS supports an integrated representation of task-rules and rewards. Consistent with an integrative role, the IFS exhibited correlated activity with numerous rule-related and reward-related areas of the brain across the entire experimental time-course. Additionally, the correlation strength between the IFS and a subset of these regions changed as a function of the novelty of rule and reward information presented during the instruction cue period. Our results provide novel evidence that the IFS integrates rules with their expected reward-value, which in turn can guide complex decision making.
Finite Element Methods with Artificial Diffusion for Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equations
Creators: name: Jensen, Max
name: Smears, Iain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M12, 65M60, 49L25, 49M25

description: In this short note we investigate the numerical performance of the method of artificial diffusion for second-order fully nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations. The method was proposed in (M. Jensen and I. Smears, arxiv:1111.5423); where a framework of finite element methods for Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations was studied theoretically. The numerical examples in this note study how the artificial diffusion is activated in regions of degeneracy, the effect of a locally selected diffusion parameter on the observed numerical dissipation and the solution of second-order fully nonlinear equations on irregular geometries.
description: Enumath 2011, version 2 contains in addition convergence rates
Mitochondrial Variability as a Source of Extrinsic Cellular Noise
Creators: name: Johnston, Iain G.
name: Gaal, Bernadett
name: Neves, Ricardo Pires das
name: Enver, Tariq
name: Iborra, Francisco J.
name: Jones, Nick S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study investigating the role of mitochondrial variability in generating noise in eukaryotic cells. Noise in cellular physiology plays an important role in many fundamental cellular processes, including transcription, translation, stem cell differentiation and response to medication, but the specific random influences that affect these processes have yet to be clearly elucidated. Here we present a mechanism by which variability in mitochondrial volume and functionality, along with cell cycle dynamics, is linked to variability in transcription rate and hence has a profound effect on downstream cellular processes. Our model mechanism is supported by an appreciable volume of recent experimental evidence, and we present the results of several new experiments with which our model is also consistent. We find that noise due to mitochondrial variability can sometimes dominate over other extrinsic noise sources (such as cell cycle asynchronicity) and can significantly affect large-scale observable properties such as cell cycle length and gene expression levels. We also explore two recent regulatory network-based models for stem cell differentiation, and find that extrinsic noise in transcription rate causes appreciable variability in the behaviour of these model systems. These results suggest that mitochondrial and transcriptional variability may be an important mechanism influencing a large variety of cellular processes and properties.
Additional file 1 of Protocol of a randomized controlled trial investigating Deep Brain Stimulation for MOtor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease DEmentia (DBS-MODE)
Creators: name: Sisodia, V.
name: Swinnen, B. E. K. S.
name: Dijk, J. M.
name: Verwijk, E.
name: van Rooijen, G.
name: Lemstra, A. W.
name: Schuurman, P. R.
name: de Bie, R. M. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Child maltreatment and crime: new evidence from a sample of twins
Creators: name: Currie, Janet M.
name: Tekin, Erdal
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Families

description: Child maltreatment is a major social problem. This study measures the effects of child maltreatment on crime using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). We focus on crime because it is one of the most costly potential outcomes of maltreatment. Our work addresses many limitations of the existing literature. First, we use a large national sample, and investigate different types of abuse in a similar framework. Second, we pay careful attention to controlling for possible confounding factors by comparing male twins and by controlling for differences in genetic endowments that have been linked to aggression and risk taking behaviors. We find that maltreatment greatly increases the probability of engaging in crime and that programs to reduce maltreatment would be cost-effective.
Crossing Statistic: Reconstructing the Expansion History of the Universe
Creators: name: Shafieloo, Arman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present that by combining Crossing Statistic and Smoothing method one can reconstruct the expansion history of the universe with a very high precision without considering any prior on the cosmological quantities such as the equation of state of dark energy. We show that the presented method performs very well in reconstruction of the expansion history of the universe independent of the underlying models and it works well even for non-trivial dark energy models with fast or slow changes in the equation of state of dark energy. Accuracy of the reconstructed quantities along with independence of the method to any prior or assumption gives the proposed method advantages to the other non-parametric methods proposed before in the literature. Applying on the Union 2.1 supernovae combined with WiggleZ BAO data we present the reconstructed results and test the consistency of the two data sets in a model independent manner. Results show that latest available supernovae and BAO data are in good agreement with each other and spatially flat LCDM model is in concordance with the current data.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, discussions extended, 1 figure added, results unchanged, accepted for publication in JCAP
Symmetry-breaking Effects for Polariton Condensates in Double-Well Potentials
Creators: name: Rodrigues, A. S.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Cuevas, J.
name: Carretero-Gonzalez, R.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the existence, stability, and dynamics of symmetric and anti-symmetric states of quasi-one-dimensional polariton condensates in double-well potentials, in the presence of nonresonant pumping and nonlinear damping. Some prototypical features of the system, such as the bifurcation of asymmetric solutions, are similar to the Hamiltonian analog of the double-well system considered in the realm of atomic condensates. Nevertheless, there are also some nontrivial differences including, e.g., the unstable nature of both the parent and the daughter branch emerging in the relevant pitchfork bifurcation for slightly larger values of atom numbers. Another interesting feature that does not appear in the atomic condensate case is that the bifurcation for attractive interactions is slightly sub-critical instead of supercritical. These conclusions of the bifurcation analysis are corroborated by direct numerical simulations examining the dynamics of the system in the unstable regime.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Epipleoneura tariana Machado 1985
Creators: name: Pessacq, Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Protoneuridae
Epipleoneura
Epipleoneura tariana

description: Epipleoneura tariana Machado, 1985
(Figs. 10, 38)
 Epipleoneura tariana Machado 1985: 698 –700, figs. 4–7 (new species, male description, illustrations of S 10 in dorsal, posterior and lateral view, detail of apex of cercus, type material at ABMM). De Marmels 1989: 22 (new record for Venezuela). Lencioni 2005: 182, figs. 112 a–c (references, type locality, distribution, described stages, illustrations of male S 10 in lateral, dorsal and posterior view).  Garrison et al. 2010 : 352, 355, fig. 2353 (included in list of species, illustrations of epiproct in posterior view).  Pessacq et al. 2012 : 5 (included in list of Brazilian Protoneuridae).
 Specimens examined. 2♂. Holotype 1♂, Brazil, Amazonas State, Taracuá, “do outro lado do rio” (02º53’34”S, 69º44’29”W), leg. A.B.M. Machado & P. Pereira, 15 viii 1964. Paratype ♂, same data as holotype. ABMM.
 Diagnosis. The male cercus has some similarities to that of E. capilliformis and related species, but it is also distinctive of this species, the dorsal branch parallel to main body axis and without apical hook but with a strong spine directed postero-ventrally and a well developed inner-basal branch with its apex directed dorsally and reaching midline of S10 medially. Cercus and epiproct morphology is very similar to that of E. lamina, but in that species the cercus dorsal branch is directed dorsally and has an apical hook, and the epiproct has a comparatively narrow apex and more pronounced apical lobes, while in E. tariana the epiproct is approximately quadrangular and the lobes are shorter. Genital ligula are different in both species, and in E. tariana (Fig. 38) it resembles that of E. humeralis, E. janirae, and E. waiwaiana, and it is described under the first species. Female unknown.
 Distribution. Northern Brazil in the State of Amazonas, Taracuá (about 00º07’S, 68º32’W). Southern Venezuela, Rio Baría, Amazonas State. Tarapacuá, is actually in Colombia, 3 km from the border with Brazil, but as label information states “do outro lado do rio” (at the other bank of the river) it is not possible to know in which country the specimen was collected.
 Notes. Unfortunately the cerci of Epipleoneura tariana are lost in the type material.
description: Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, 2014, Synopsis of Epipleoneura (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae, " Protoneuridae "), with emphasis on its Brazilian species, pp. 201-234 in Zootaxa 3872 (3) on page 229, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/230974
Additional file 1 of DNA methylation entropy as a measure of stem cell replication and aging
Creators: name: Vaidya, Himani
name: Jeong, Hye Seon
name: Keith, Kelsey
name: Maegawa, Shinji
name: Calendo, Gennaro
name: Madzo, Jozef
name: Jelinek, Jaroslav
name: Issa, Jean-Pierre J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Contains all supplementary figures and supplementary methods.
title: Edaphic and Climatic Regulation of Microbial Carbon-Use Efficiency in Managed Semi-Arid Systems
Creators: name: Butcher, Kirsten R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: In agricultural systems, an increasingly prevalent goal is to promote carbon sequestration into stable, mineral-associated soil organic matter, as increases in soil organic matter have been linked to increases in soil water-holding capacity and increases in nutrient availability. Because microbially-produced compounds are the foundation of soil organic matter, understanding interactions between management strategies and abiotic controls on microbial activity can prove invaluable for producers and ranchers interested in building soil organic matter and safeguarding production systems under a changing climate. The ability of microorganisms to contribute to growing soil organic matter stocks is dictated by their carbon-use efficiency, which is the proportion of carbon incorporated into their biomass relative to the total carbon they consume. In effect, higher values of microbial carbon-use efficiency reflect an increased potential for building microbially-derived soil organic matter. In an effort to better understand controls on microbial physiology and its role in soil organic matter formation, irrigation, plant functional type, and fertilization effects on carbon-use efficiency were evaluated in a water-limited system over the course of growing season. Results from our experiments indicated that moisture played a fundamental role in regulating microbial carbon-use efficiency, with low moistures decreasing carbon-use efficiency and thus decreasing the potential for soil organic matter formation. Conversely, other management strategies (e.g., plant functional type and fertilization) exerted little control on microbial carbon-use efficiency, especially when soil moisture was exceedingly low. Even with irrigation to supplement low moisture conditions during a growing season, microbial carbon-use efficiency still declined, likely resulting from increased water deficits as precipitation declined and evapotranspiration increased as the growing season progressed. Results from our experiments indicate that carbon-use efficiency may be intrinsically low in semi-arid systems compared to other systems without water limitations. By consequence, building soil organic matter stocks that can buffer the effects of climate change and improve water and nutrient retention may be difficult in semi-arid systems despite management techniques intended to promote soil organic matter formation.
Studies in Analytical Reproducibility: the Conquaire Project
Creators: name: Cimiano, Philipp
name: Pietsch, Christian
name: Wiljes, Cord
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 000
subject: open science
subject: analytical reproducibility
subject: research data management

description: This book is a direct result of the Conquaire (Continuous Quality Control for Research Data to Ensure Reproducibility) project, which was funded by the DFG between 2016 and 2019. The goal of the project was to understand in how far principles from continuous quality control and test-driven development can be applied to the management of research data to increase its quality and potential for re-use. In order to arrive at such an understanding, we have been closely working together with researchers from different disciplines at Bielefeld University ranging from biology, over chemistry, economics, linguistics, psychology through to computer science / robotics. Within these use cases we have aimed at reproducing one central part of a previously published research article. In doing this, we have limited ourselves to reproducing the computational analysis leading to the particular result, as reproducing the actual experiments would have been outside of the scope of the Conquaire project. The book that lies in front of you documents these eight case studies and describes what we have done to reproduce the specific results. The work conducted in the case studies has provided us with a detailed understanding of the analytical workflows used by all the case study partners and has allowed us to get a deep understanding of barriers and challenges in reproducing published results. The book concludes with recommendations and lessons learned from the practical attempt to reproduce a number of published results.
Hidden Higgs Boson at the LHC and Light Dark Matter Searches
Creators: name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Tandean, Jusak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent LHC searches have not found a clear signal of the Higgs boson h of the standard model (SM) with three or four families in the mass range m_h = 120-600 GeV. If the Higgs had an unexpectedly large invisible branching ratio, the excluded m_h regions would shrink. This can be realized in the simplest weakly interacting massive particle dark matter (DM) model, which is the SM plus a real gauge-singlet scalar field D as the DM, via the invisible mode h -> DD. Current data allow this decay to occur for D-mass values near, but below, m_h/2 and those compatible with the light DM hypothesis. For such D masses, h -> DD can dominate the Higgs width depending on m_h, and thus sizable portions of the m_h exclusion zones in the SM with three or four families may be recovered. Increased luminosity at the LHC may even reveal a Higgs having SM-like visible decays still hiding in the presently disallowed regions. The model also accommodates well the new possible DM hints from CRESST-II and will be further tested by improved data from future DM direct searches.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, title and content somewhat revised, main conclusions unchanged, matches published version
Additional file 2 of DNA methylation entropy as a measure of stem cell replication and aging
Creators: name: Vaidya, Himani
name: Jeong, Hye Seon
name: Keith, Kelsey
name: Maegawa, Shinji
name: Calendo, Gennaro
name: Madzo, Jozef
name: Jelinek, Jaroslav
name: Issa, Jean-Pierre J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Contains all supplementary tables.
Northeast Asia: The role of international and regional economic institutions and regimes
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: This paper considers the international and regional economic institutional environment within which the economies of Northeast Asia interact. Most of the paper is about the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum (APEC), and its potential regional institutional role. There are a number of issues which must be resolved if APEC is to successfully implement its future policy agenda of trade and investment liberalization, facilitation, and economic development. Various approaches are assessed in light of the free rider problem and timing concerns. Trade liberalization is the most contentious issue, given the lack of consensus on MFN treatment for non-APEC members, and the unwillingness of some members to engage in formal, comprehensive, and substantive trade negotiations. A new approach to trade liberalization, based on voluntary liberalization and peer group pressure has been proposed, termed "concerted unilateral liberalization." Whether it will succeed depends on how willing APEC members are to reach substantive, concrete agreements to implement the vision enunciated at Bogor in 1994 of free trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region by 2010 for developed economy members and by 2020 for the developing members.
A sort of homecoming : incarceration and the housing security of urban men
Creators: name: Geller, Amanda B.
name: Curtis, Marah A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Families

description: While individuals returning from prison face many barriers to successful re-entry, among the most serious are the challenges they face in securing housing. Housing has long been recognized as a prerequisite for stable employment, access to social services, and other aspects of individual and family functioning. The formerly incarcerated face several administrative and de facto restrictions on their housing options; however, little is known about the unique instabilities that they face. We use a longitudinal survey of urban families to examine housing insecurity among nearly 3,000 urban men, including over 1,000 with incarceration histories. We find that men recently incarcerated face greater housing insecurity, including both serious hardships such as homelessness, and precursors to homelessness such as residential turnover and relying on others for housing expenses. Their increased risk is tied both to diminished annual earnings and other factors, including, potentially, evictions from public housing supported by Federal "one-strike" policies.
title: Chow schemes in mixed characteristic
Creators: name: Anderson, O
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis we compare Suslin–Voevodsky’s sheaves of proper effective relative cycles with presheaves representable by certain monoid objects. We give two results in this direction; the first describes a higher dimensional analogue of Suslin–Voevodsky’s comparison between relative zero cycles and the graded monoid of symmetric powers (Thm. 6.8 of "Singular homology of abstract algebraic varieties") and the second is a new proof of a direct generalization of loc.cit. The key component of our efforts is a theorem, proved on the way, telling us that after restricting ourselves to seminormal schemes the morphism from the presheaf represented by a commutative-monoid object (satisfying reasonable assumptions) to its sheafification in the h-topology, becomes an isomorphism after appropriate extension of scalars. This thesis was written with the additional purpose of providing a self contained presentation of the theory of relative cycles and the construction of the Chow scheme. To achieve this we recall many of the definitions and results from the literature and occasionally expand on the explanations found there.
Shocked and Scorched: The Tail of a Tadpole in an Interstellar Pond
Creators: name: Sahai, R.
name: Morris, M. R.
name: Claussen, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report multi-wavelength observations of the far-infrared source IRAS 20324+4057, including high-resolution optical imaging with HST, and ground-based near-infrared, millimeter-wave and radio observations. These data show an extended, limb-brightened, tadpole-shaped nebula with a bright, compact, cometary nebula located inside the tadpole head. Our molecular line observations indicate that the Tadpole is predominantly molecular, with a total gas mass exceeding 3.7 Msun. Our radio continuum imaging, and archival Spitzer IRAC images, show the presence of additional tadpole-shaped objects in the vicinity of IRAS 20324+4057 that share a common E-W head-tail orientation: we propose that these structures are small, dense molecular cores that originated in the Cygnus cloud and are now being (i) photoevaporated by the ultraviolet radiation field of the Cyg OB2 No. 8 cluster located to the North-West, and (ii) shaped by ram pressure of a distant wind source or sources located to the West, blowing ablated and photoevaporated material from their heads eastwards. The ripples in the tail of the Tadpole are interpreted in terms of instabilities at the interface between the ambient wind and the dense medium of the former.
description: (accepted by the Astrophysical Journal)
Early temperament and emotion regulation in infants at familial risk for adhd: the role of maternal parenting
Creators: name: Ninowski, Jerilyn E.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 144-175
description: This study examined infant temperament and emotion regulation in infants aged 8-12 months (N = 78) with varying levels of familial risk (FR) for ADHD, which was based on maternal ADHD symptoms. As hypothesized, FR for ADHD was related to maternal reports of higher infant distress to limitations, activity, and overall negative temperament, and lower duration of orienting. Using observer ratings of infant behaviour, FR for ADHD was also related to lower levels of infant sustained attention. When observed during a modified still-face procedure, FR for ADHD was related to higher ratings of infant negative reactivity, as evidenced by more infant distressing/crying vocalizations during the modified still-face procedure. This relationship was completely mediated by maternal reports of infant duration of orienting. FR for ADHD was related to infants' use of fewer focused orientation strategies and more avoidant behaviours during the re­engagement episode of the still-face procedure. The study also examined the relationship between maternal ADHD symptoms and parenting and the role of maternal parenting in the development of infant emotion regulation. As hypothesized, maternal ADHD symptoms were related to lower observer ratings of maternal sensitivity and higher observer ratings of maternal intrusiveness. Maternal self-efficacy was not related to maternal ADHD symptoms or parenting. Contrary to expectations, infant temperament did not mediate the relationship between maternal ADHD symptoms and maternal parenting. Furthermore, maternal parenting did not mediate the relationship between FR for ADHD and infant emotion regulation as hypothesized. Post-hoc analyses indicated that maternal insensitivity and intrusiveness partially mediated the relationship between FR for ADHD and infant sustained attention. These results suggest that infants at FR for ADHD may be demonstrating early identifiable risk factors for ADHD. Furthermore, parenting may be impaired in mothers with ADHD symptoms and this impaired parenting may have a direct and indirect influence on the development of ADHD symptoms and associated difficulties in their children. Thus, mothers with elevated ADHD symptoms and their infants may benefit from early intervention programs aimed at addressing parenting deficits and promoting parenting behaviours that are known to facilitate the development of infant attention and emotion regulation abilities.
FED-AMR D4.1 Standardized Protocol for sampling and testing of environmental samples
Creators: name: Brandtner, Martin
name: Felipe-Sotelo, Monica
name: Cabal Rosel, Adriana
name: Rathammer, Krista
name: Canica, Manuela
name: FED-AMR Consortium
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FED-AMR

description: Selection of essential antimicrobials to be quantified in the tested compartments (published antibiotic consumption data, farmers’ questionnaire, personal experience, expert interviews (veterinarians)
A prehistoric Native American pictograph that signals the summer solstice
Creators: name: Mchugh John
name: Lundwall John, K.
name: Howells Tom
Publisher: name: Archaeoastronomy and Ancient Technologies
Year: 2021
Subjects: archaeoastronomy
Fremont culture
solar
calendar
rock art
pictograph
headhunting

description: The current article examines a 90 cm. tall, prehistoric Native American pictograph painted in red ochre which depicts a red Anthropomorph wearing a “V”-shaped headdress. For a seven-day period at the summer solstice the face and headdress of the red Anthropomorph are illuminated with sunlight. The authors proffer photographic, archaeological, and iconographic evidence confirming that the pictograph was made by the prehistoric, agriculturally-reliant Fremont culture of Utah (USA) circa AD 1100 – 1300, and that it was indeed a summer solstice indicator. Because genetic and cultural data verify that some Fremont people were ancestors to the Native Americans that occupy the modern pueblos in Arizona and New Mexico, we gather late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century ethnography from the latter pueblos to show that the summer solstice marked a major shift in agrarian practices—from field preparation and sowing to rain-making and crop fruition. Additional rock art iconography associates the red “Anthropomorph-with-V-shaped-headdress” motif with headhunting, a practice that, according to Pueblo Indian ethnography, was necessary for rain-making and abundant harvests. We then trace this historic Pueblo Indian conception to prehistoric head-taking pictographs aligned with the summer solstice and the seasonal shift it signaled towards rain-making through ritualized headhunting.
Additional file 3 of DNA methylation entropy as a measure of stem cell replication and aging
Creators: name: Vaidya, Himani
name: Jeong, Hye Seon
name: Keith, Kelsey
name: Maegawa, Shinji
name: Calendo, Gennaro
name: Madzo, Jozef
name: Jelinek, Jaroslav
name: Issa, Jean-Pierre J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Review history.
Process support for the transition from software requirements to software architectures
Creators: name: Galster, Matthias Robert
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 201-216
description: The quality of software products heavily depends on requirements engmeenng and software architecting. Both phases are the foundation for subsequent activities, such as project planning, implementation or maintenance. In recent years, significant progre has been made in requirements engineering and software architecture research and practice, but mainly in isolation. Currently, the transition from requirements to architectures is performed in an ad-hoc manner and greatly relies on experience and skills of the individuals performing the transition. Thus, the research put forward in this thesis outlines TRAM (Transition between Requirements and Architectures using a Modularized Framework), a method that aims at facilitating the transition from requirements to architectures. TRAM consists of five modules, starts from a generic requirements engineering process and creates different architectural perspectives. TRAM is distinguished from other approaches by it integration with the requirements engineering process, its consideration of developer and customer needs and by its ad-hoc assessment of architecture quality. To achieve this, several approaches are developed and used within TRAM: RESTAR structures requirements from an architecture perspective using a clustering technique; SYSAS supports the selection of software architecture styles; SQUAD supports ad-hoe architecture assessment. All three approaches can also be used independent of TRAM. To validate TRAM, we apply it to a case study and also collect expert opinion . The results show the potential advantage and usefulness of TRAM. Also, we perform a theoretical evaluation by checking how TRAM compares to previous methodologies that claim to address the requirements-architecture gap. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of tool support for TRAM, the thesis proposes TRAM-PT (TRAM-Prototype Tool). This prototype tool has been used when conducting the case study. The thesis concludes with a discussion of future work to improve TRAM, how TRAM fits into other software engineering paradigms (such as agile development), and a presentation of potential research directions for further improving the requirements architecture transition.
The Stuctural Barrier to Transition: A Note on Input-Output Tables of Centrally Planned Economies
Creators: name: Ericson, Richard E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economics

description: This note begins an exploration of one of the key legacies of the Soviet economic system, the physical structure of production and economic interaction, and its impact on the transition to a market-based system. It addresses some reasons for the size of the "shock" to the economy subsequent to the liberalization of prices, including the apparent disappearance of vast amounts of industrial output and an inflation driven by more than just monetary factors.
Symmetric chain decomposition for cyclic quotients of Boolean algebras and relation to cyclic crystals
Creators: name: Hersh, Patricia
name: Schilling, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E10, 06A11, 17B37, 20G42

description: The quotient of a Boolean algebra by a cyclic group is proven to have a symmetric chain decomposition. This generalizes earlier work of Griggs, Killian and Savage on the case of prime order, giving an explicit construction for any order, prime or composite. The combinatorial map specifying how to proceed downward in a symmetric chain is shown to be a natural cyclic analogue of the $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ lowering operator in the theory of crystal bases.
description: minor revisions; to appear in IMRN
Optimization of ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis extraction of tea polyphenols from green tea and their antioxidant activities
Creators: name: Teng, Jie
name: Wang, Min
name: Liu, Yang
name: Xiao, Shuangling
Publisher: name: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Year: 2021

description: Production of natural extracts requires suitable processing conditions to facilitate the accumulation and preservation of bioactive ingredients. This study aimed to optimize the conditions for extracting tea polyphenols (TPs) from green tea using ultrasound-assisted compound enzymatic extraction (UACEE) technology with response surface methodology (RSM), based on a three-level, four-variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Extracted TPs yields were in the range of 16.48% to 28.77%; the experimental results were fitted to a second-order quadratic polynomial model and showed a good fit to the proposed model (R2 > 0.90). Compared with other ex-traction methods, UACEE exhibited significant advantages in the TPs extraction rate and preservation of catechins composition. The antioxidant activities of these extracts were also analyzed using reducing power and DPPH radical scavenging activity; all extracts showed excellent antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner, and UACEE extracts showed the strongest antioxidant activity in vitro.
description: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol. 94 (2021): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Double arc–continent collision record in the Latest Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic history of the Himalayan–Tibetan orogenic belt in Western Pakistan
Creators: name: Ullah, Inayat
name: Xue, Chuandong
name: Yang, Tiannan
name: Furnes, Harald
name: Dilek, Yildirim
name: Wang, Wei
name: Ghaffar, Abdul
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Table 3. Concentrations of major oxides (wt.%) and trace elements (ppm) of the mafic-felsic rocks from the RasKoh Arc, west Pakistan.
Liquid jet interaction with a moving surface
Creators: name: Kumar, Purushotam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An experimental study was conducted to study the splash-deposition characteristics of a liquid jet impinging on a moving surface. The main focus of this study was to determine the effects of fluid, flow and surface properties on the outcome of the jet impingement. Several parameters such as fluid viscosity, elasticity and surface tension, jet and surface velocity, jet diameter surface wettability and surface roughness were changed and their effects on splash-deposition characteristics were analyzed during this research work. For non-Newtonian fluids increase in the yield stress and consistency constant of the fluids helps in inhibition of the splash. At high Weber number the effects of surface tension and jet impingement angle were negligible compared to effects of Reynolds and Oldroyd numbers. But at smaller Weber number effects of surface tension were comparable to that of Reynolds number. It was also observed that the both normal (jet velocity) and tangential (surface speed) speeds play roles in splash-deposition dynamics. Newtonian liquid jet with smaller diameter illustrated that effect of surface tension becomes prominent only for liquids with low viscosities and for these liquids and 200 micron nozzle jets deposit up to 40 m/s. For high viscosity liquid same trend of deposition was observed and jets deposit up to 35 m/s. It was also observed that the jets of smaller viscosities spread on the surface very easily, making few micron sized lamella. Although higher viscosities liquid jets still spread very easily on the surface, the lamella thickness was much larger than that of low viscosity liquids. It was also found that mid-range viscosities jet started to splash at much lower velocities (13 m/s). This behavior is related to balancing of inertia forces by both the surface tension and viscous forces.
The commercial paper market in Japan
Creators: name: McKenzie, C. R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: The purpose of this paper is to investigate some of the macroeconomic and microeconomic properties of the commercial paper market in Japan. The commercial paper market is a relatively new market in Japan having been established in November 1987. As a result, little is known about its characteristics at either the macroeconomic or microeconomic level. In the United States, it has been found that issuance of commercial paper is counter cyclical in the aggregate but pro-cyclical at the firm level. The first set of questions investigated relate to cyclical nature of the Japanese market at the firm and aggregate level. Secondly, using a new panel data set, the characteristics and behaviour of individual issuers of commercial paper are also examined. The micro analysis uses data over the period 1988-90 when the commercial paper market was just developing and exhibits some apparent anomalies.
Additional file 1 of Adolescent girls in aquaculture ecozones at risk of nutrient deficiency in Bangladesh development and validation of an integrated metric
Creators: name: Grieve, Eleanor
name: Mamun, Abdullah-Al
name: de Roos, Baukje
name: Barman, Benoy K.
name: Ara, Gulshan
name: Roos, Nanna
name: Pounds, Alexandra
name: Sneddon, Alan A.
name: Murray, Francis
name: Ahmed, Tahmeed
name: Little, David C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materials S1 doc and S2 doc and household & adolescent questionnaire.
Climate Variability and the Millennium Development Goal Hunger Target
Creators: name: Hansen, James W.
name: Dilley, Maxx
name: Goddard, Lisa M.
name: Conrad, Esther
name: Erickson, Polly
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Science--Social aspects
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Agriculture

description: Climate variability contributes significantly to poverty and food insecurity. Proactive approaches to managing climate variability within vulnerable rural communities and among institutions operating at community, sub-national, and national levels is a crucial step toward achieving the Millennium Development Goal of eradicating extreme poverty and hunger. Climate variability can impact a household's access to food by affecting subsistence production, income from primary production, local food prices, and sometimes the economy of an entire region. The risk of household food insecurity is determined by the success of livelihood strategies in the face of climate and other shocks. Across the economy, climate variability affects food security through its influence on investment, adoption of agricultural technology, aggregate production, market prices and economic development, and hence the ability of individuals, communities and nations to produce and purchase food. The impacts of climate variability are both ex post – losses that follow a climate shock — and ex ante — opportunity costs of conservative risk management responses to climatic uncertainty. The report summarizes the scientific basis, current methodology, and prospects for improving climate prediction at a seasonal time scale. Current forecast methods give modest to moderately-high prediction skill in "hunger hotspots" in East, West and Southern Africa, and other regions in the tropics and subtropics. Applications of climate information contribute to a comprehensive strategy to combat hunger. First is the use of seasonal climate prediction in early warning systems to guide interventions to avert food crises. Second is the use of climate information to manage risk in agricultural systems within vulnerable rural communities and among a range of institutions. This includes smallholder farmers who comprise the largest group of poor and food-insecure; intermediary institutions that interface with farmers, and can provide the information, technical guidance and production inputs required for effective climate risk management; and institutions that make climate-sensitive decisions at a broader scale that influence food security. We also discuss measures to strengthen institutional capacity and coordination to improve management of climate variability. Improved management of climate variability has appealing synergies with other interventions that target hunger, including soil fertility management, small-scale water management, markets, and extension and communication systems.
A comparative analysis of pawpaw (Asimina triloba) quality and nutritional data
Creators: name: Brannan, Robert G.
name: Anderson, Emily E.
name: Powell, Ronald L.
name: Coyle, Maria C.
Publisher: name: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Year: 2021

description: The North American pawpaw (Asimina triloba [L.] Dunal) from sixteen varieties was analyzed for size, pH, oBrix, firmness, and pulp and skin color. A varietal composite was used to determine nutrient composition. Data from the current study was compared to previous literature values, and all results fit well with previous literature. The average weight of the fruits across all varieties was 194 g and ranged from 122 to 292 g, the pH of the fruits ranged from 5.4 to 6.3, the average oBrix ranged from 18.2% to 26.1%, and firmness ranged from 0.391 kg to 0.727 kg. The color of the skin and the pulp differed by variety but was well-within previously reported values. Pawpaw pulp nutritional values verified the nutritional values previously reported for pawpaw pulp from fruit harvested in Korea and will be used as the basis for inclusion of pawpaw in the USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference. Several specific recommendations are made: 1) firmness of 0.2 to 0.7 kg of force can be used to describe ripe pawpaw fruit; 2) the serving size for raw pawpaw pulp is one-half cup (120 g); and 3) pawpaw pulp nutrition compares favorably to that of banana or mango.
description: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol. 94 (2021): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
The Emergence of the World Economy: Towards a Historical Perspective, 1000-1750
Creators: name: Findlay, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economic history

description: This paper presents a historical perspective on the emergence of the world economy from 1000-1750 A.D., in the spirit of F. Mauro's (1961) "intercontinental model." Mauro envisaged a generalized inter-regional input-output table, with five continents as the regions. World economic history could thus be conceived as the task of filling up these cells with the corresponding flows of exports, imports and movements of factors and precious metals between them and charting their evolution over time. The level of aggregation for the flows in question would of course depend on data availability and analytical tractability. While analysis and interpretation of what makes the flows change over time and what explains their structure at any given moment would depend on one's theoretical presumptions, and hence be a matter of controversy, one would at least hope for agreement on assembling the information itself, though much guesswork and estimation would have to be involved, particularly of earlier centuries. While I cannot even begin to initiate such an approach in the present paper, my subsequent observations will be in the spirit of striving towards it as a goal. At the very least such an approach would force us to think about simultaneity and interdependence in the world economy and not fall victim to the parochialism of space and time as we are prone to do from the various "national" standpoints, which is the usual perspective in economic history.