cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraining the intrinsic population of Long Gamma-Ray Bursts: implications for spectral correlations, cosmic evolution and their use as tracers of star formation
Creators: name: Palmerio, Jesse T.
name: Daigne, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long Gamma-Ray Bursts (LGRBs) have been shown to be powerful probes of the Universe, in particular to study the star formation rate up to very high redshift ($z \sim 9$). Since LGRBs are produced by only a small fraction of massive stars, it is paramount to have a good understanding of their underlying intrinsic population in order to use them as cosmological probes without introducing any unwanted bias. The goal of this work is to constrain and characterise this intrinsic population. We developed a Monte Carlo model where each burst is described by its redshift and its properties at the peak of the lightcurve. We derived the best fit parameters by comparing our synthetic populations to carefully selected observational constraints based on the CGRO/BATSE, Fermi/GBM and Swift/BAT samples with appropriate flux thresholds. We explored different scenarios in terms of cosmic evolution of the luminosity function and/or of the redshift distribution as well as including or not the presence of intrinsic spectral-energetics (Ep-L) correlations. We find that the existence of an intrinsic Ep-L correlation is preferred but with a shallower slope than observed($α_A \sim 0.3$) and a larger scatter ($\sim 0.4$ dex). We find a strong degeneracy between the cosmic evolution of the luminosity and of the LGRB rate, and show that a sample both larger and deeper than SHOALS by a factor of three is needed to lift this degeneracy. The observed We conclude that Ep-L correlation cannot be explained only by selection effects although these do play a role in shaping the observed relation. The degeneracy between cosmic evolution of the luminosity function and of the redshift distribution of LGRBs should be included in the uncertainties of star formation rate estimates; these amount to a factor of 10 at $z=6$ and up to a factor of 50 at $z=9$.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures
Additional file 2 of Underrepresented populations in genomic research: a qualitative study of researchers’ perspectives
Creators: name: Omeranovic, Arian
name: Van Long, Flora Nguyen
name: Boubaker, Asma
name: Turgeon, Annie
name: Nabi, Hermann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
On the Minimal Pseudo-Codewords of Codes from Finite Geometries
Creators: name: Vontobel, Pascal O.
name: Smarandache, Roxana
name: Kiyavash, Negar
name: Teutsch, Jason
name: Vukobratovic, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to understand the performance of a code under maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding, it is crucial to know the minimal codewords. In the context of linear programming (LP) decoding, it turns out to be necessary to know the minimal pseudo-codewords. This paper studies the minimal codewords and minimal pseudo-codewords of some families of codes derived from projective and Euclidean planes. Although our numerical results are only for codes of very modest length, they suggest that these code families exhibit an interesting property. Namely, all minimal pseudo-codewords that are not multiples of a minimal codeword have an AWGNC pseudo-weight that is strictly larger than the minimum Hamming weight of the code. This observation has positive consequences not only for LP decoding but also for iterative decoding.
description: To appear in Proc. 2005 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Adelaide, Australia, September 4-9, 2005
Constraining Models of the Pulsar Wind Nebula in SNR G0.9+0.1 via Simulation of its Detection Properties using the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Creators: name: Fiori, M.
name: Zampieri, L.
name: Burtovoi, A.
name: Caraveo, P.
name: Tibaldo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SNR G0.9+0.1 is a well known source in the direction of the Galactic Center composed by a Supernova Remnant (SNR) and a Pulsar Wind Nebula (PWN) in the core. We investigate the potential of the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), simulating observations of SNR G0.9+0.1. We studied the spatial and spectral properties of this source and estimated the systematic errors of these measurements. The source will be resolved if the VHE emission region is bigger than $\sim0.65'$. It will also be possible to distinguish between different spectral models and calculate the cut-off energy. The systematic errors are dominated by the IRF instrumental uncertainties, especially at low energies. We computed the evolution of a young PWN inside a SNR using a one-zone time-dependent leptonic model. We applied the model to the simulated CTA data and found that it will be possible to accurately measure the cut-off energy of the $γ$-ray spectrum. Fitting of the multiwavelength spectrum will allow us to constrain also the magnetization of the PWN. Conversely, a pure power law spectrum would rule out this model. Finally, we checked the impact of the spectral shape and the energy density of the Inter-Stellar Radiation Fields (ISRFs) on the estimate of the parameters of the PWN, finding that they are not significantly affected.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Additional file 3 of Underrepresented populations in genomic research: a qualitative study of researchers’ perspectives
Creators: name: Omeranovic, Arian
name: Van Long, Flora Nguyen
name: Boubaker, Asma
name: Turgeon, Annie
name: Nabi, Hermann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Direct detection of neutralino dark matter in supergravity
Creators: name: Baek, S.
name: Cerdeno, D. G.
name: Kim, Y. G.
name: Ko, P.
name: Munoz, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct detection of neutralino dark matter is analysed in general supergravity scenarios, where non-universal soft scalar and gaugino masses can be present. In particular, the theoretical predictions for the neutralino-nucleon cross section are studied and compared with the sensitivity of dark matter detectors. We take into account the most recent astrophysical and experimental constraints on the parameter space, including the current limit on B(Bs-> mu+ mu-). The latter puts severe limitations on the dark matter scattering cross section, ruling out most of the regions that would be within the reach of present experiments. We show how this constraint can be softened with the help of appropriate choices of non-universal parameters which increase the Higgsino composition of the lightest neutralino and minimise the chargino contribution to the b->s transition.
description: 27 pages, 22 figures
Terrorisme, internet et réseaux sociaux
Creators: name: Fabrice, LOLLIA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: terrorisme ; internet; réseaux sociaux; sécurité ;

description: Aujourd’hui, de plus en plus de chercheurs considèrent l’environnement numérique comme un vecteur de radicalisation, une sorte d’« incubateur à terroristes ».
 Ainsi, imagine-t-on de jeunes individus vulnérables qui, exposés à des contenus numériques djihadistes, adoptent une vision du monde dite « radicale » et vont jusqu’à s’engager dans la violence politique.Bien qu’il existe de nombreuses idéologies extrémistes, la recherche traite presque exclusivement de la radicalisation islamiste. Ce concept est « encore balbutiant, adoptant de multiples directions », mais pour autant, « il semble évident qu’internet est devenu un « espace fécond de mobilisation pour les mouvements militants extrémistes indépendamment de leur orientation idéologique et de leur situation géographique » (Ducol, 2015)p. 3). Comment comprendre l’implication d’Internet dans la progression du terrorisme ? Quel est son impact chez les jeunes?
The fidelity approach to the Hubbard model
Creators: name: Venuti, L. Campos
name: Cozzini, M.
name: Buonsante, P.
name: Massel, F.
name: Bray-Ali, N.
name: Zanardi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the fidelity approach to quantum critical points to study the zero temperature phase diagram of the one-dimensional Hubbard model. Using a variety of analytical and numerical techniques, we analyze the fidelity metric in various regions of the phase diagram, with particular care to the critical points. Specifically we show that close to the Mott transition, taking place at on-site repulsion U=0 and electron density n=1, the fidelity metric satisfies an hyper-scaling form which we calculate. This implies that in general, as one approaches the critical point U=0, n=1, the fidelity metric tends to a limit which depends on the path of approach. At half filling, the fidelity metric is expected to diverge as U^{-4} when U is sent to zero.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, added results on the hyper-scaling form of the fidelity metric
Cyclone-anticyclone asymmetry in rotating thin fluid layers
Creators: name: Boffetta, G.
name: Toselli, F.
name: Manfrin, M.
name: Musacchio, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report of a series of laboratory experiments and numerical simulations of freely-decaying rotating turbulent flows confined in domains with variable height. We show that the vertical confinement has important effects on the formation of large-scale columnar vortices, the hallmark of rotating turbulence, and in particular delays the development of the cyclone-anticyclone asymmetry. We compare the experimental and numerical results face-to-face, showing the robustness of the results.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 4 of Underrepresented populations in genomic research: a qualitative study of researchers’ perspectives
Creators: name: Omeranovic, Arian
name: Van Long, Flora Nguyen
name: Boubaker, Asma
name: Turgeon, Annie
name: Nabi, Hermann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4.
Predicting olfactory perception from chemical structure
Creators: name: Yu, Chung Wen
name: Ihara, Yusuke
name: Mainland, Joel
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: A fundamental problem in systems neuroscience is mapping the physical properties of a stimulus to perceptual characteristics. In vision, wavelength translates into color; in audition, frequency translates into pitch. In olfaction, however, the translation of physicochemical properties of an odorant to odor perception remains unclear. The DREAM Olfaction Challenge asked competitors to build quantitative models that predict odor intensity, odor pleasantness, and 19 odor character descriptors from molecular structure using a dataset where 49 untrained human subjects rated 476 odorants. Preceding this challenge, two published models (Khan et al., 2007; Kermen et al., 2011) predicted odor pleasantness from chemical structure.  These models successfully predicted odor pleasantness in this dataset (r = 0.49, p < 0.001; r = 0.29, p < 0.001). We built models for all 21 descriptors using the Extremely Randomized Trees algorithm.  Our model outperformed previously published models for predicting pleasantness (r = 0.65, p < 0.001).  We found that our intensity model relied largely on physicochemical features underlying the partitioning of odors between air phase and the receptor binding pocket.  In contrast, our models of “burnt” and “bakery” relied heavily on fingerprint similarity to trained target odors as a form of template matching, rather than isolating particular physicochemical features.
A note on Higgs-de Rham flows of level zero
Creators: name: Sheng, Mao
name: Tong, Jilong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G17, 14J60

description: The notion of Higgs-de Rham flows was introduced by Lan-Sheng-Zuo, as an analogue of Yang-Mills-Higgs flows in the complex nonabelian Hodge theory. In this short note we investigate a small part of this theory, and study those Higgs-de Rham flows which are of level zero. We improve the original definition of level-zero Higgs-de Rham flows (which works for general levels), and establish a Hitchin-Simpson-type correspondence between such objects and certain representations of fundamental groups in positive characteristic, which generalizes the classical results of Katz. We compare the deformation theories of two sides in the correspondence, and translate the Galois action on the geometric fundamental groups of algebraic varieties defined over finite fields into the Higgs side.
description: 29 pages
Demonstrating the benefits of transfer learning when grading diabetic retinopathy in fundus photographs with deep learning
Creators: name: Hulman, Adam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This abstract has been accepted for oral presentation at the Swedish Network for Register-Based Research (SWE-REG) Spring Meeting 2021: Machine Learning Methods in the Medical and Social Sciences.
Grammatical elicitation: Adjunct clauses and tense
Creators: name: Kipkoech, Linus
name: Bossi, Madeline
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: sgc

description: One .mp4 file and one .pdf file. Elicitation of adjunct clauses with "when" and various tense distinctions.
N-Electron Giant Dipole States in Crossed Electric and Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Zoellner, Sascha
name: Meyer, Hans-Dieter
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-electron giant dipole resonances of atoms in crossed electric and magnetic fields are investigated. Stationary configurations corresponding to a highly symmetric arrangement of the electrons on a decentered circle are derived, and a normal-mode and stability analysis are performed. A classification of the various modes, which are dominated by the magnetic field or the Coulomb interactions, is provided. Based on the MCTDH approach, we carry out a six-dimensional wave-packet dynamical study for the two-electron resonances, yielding in particular lifetimes of more than 0.1 $μ$s for strong electric fields.
description: 37 pages, 22 figs. (plus subfigures)
Thiede, Werner: Auferstehung der Toten - Hoffnung ohne Attraktivität?
Creators: name: Schütz, Georg
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 41 Nr. 4 (1992): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 41, Heft 4
Towards Reducing Severe Defocus Spread Effects for Multi-Focus Image Fusion via an Optimization Based Strategy
Creators: name: Xu, Shuang
name: Ji, Lizhen
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Li, Pengfei
name: Sun, Kai
name: Zhang, Chunxia
name: Zhang, Jiangshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Multi-focus image fusion (MFF) is a popular technique to generate an all-in-focus image, where all objects in the scene are sharp. However, existing methods pay little attention to defocus spread effects of the real-world multi-focus images. Consequently, most of the methods perform badly in the areas near focus map boundaries. According to the idea that each local region in the fused image should be similar to the sharpest one among source images, this paper presents an optimization-based approach to reduce defocus spread effects. Firstly, a new MFF assessmentmetric is presented by combining the principle of structure similarity and detected focus maps. Then, MFF problem is cast into maximizing this metric. The optimization is solved by gradient ascent. Experiments conducted on the real-world dataset verify superiority of the proposed model. The codes are available at https://github.com/xsxjtu/MFF-SSIM.
A coupled-channel analysis of $KΛ$ production in the nucleon resonance region
Creators: name: Shklyar, V.
name: Lenske, H.
name: Mosel, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unitary coupled-channel effective Lagrangian model is applied to the combined analysis of the $(π,γ) N \to KΛ$ reactions in the energy region up to 2 GeV. To constrain the resonance couplings to the $KΛ$ final state the recent photoproduction data obtained by the SAPHIR, SPring-8, and CLAS groups are included into the calculations. The main resonance contributions to the process stem from the $S_{11}(1650)$, $P_{13}(1720)$, and $P_{13}(1900)$ states. The second bump at 1.9 GeV seen in the photoproduction cross section data is described as a coherent sum of the resonance and background contributions. The prediction for the beam polarization observable is presented.
Stellar Rotation in the K2 Sample: Evidence for Modified Spindown
Creators: name: Gordon, Tyler A.
name: Davenport, James R. A.
name: Angus, Ruth
name: Foreman-Mackey, Daniel
name: Agol, Eric
name: Covey, Kevin R.
name: Agüeros, Marcel
name: Kipping, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze light curves of 284,834 unique K2 targets using a Gaussian process model with a quasi-periodic kernel function. By crossmatching K2 stars to observations from Gaia Data Release 2, we have identified 69,627 likely main-sequence stars. From these we select a subsample of 8,977 stars on the main-sequence with highly precise rotation period measurements. With this sample we recover the gap in the rotation period-color diagram first reported by \cite{McQuillan2013}. While the gap was tentatively detected in \cite{Reinhold2020}, this work represents the first robust detection of the gap in K2 data for field stars. This is significant because K2 observed along many lines of sight at wide angular separation, in contrast to Kepler's single line of sight. Together with recent results for rotation in open clusters, we interpret this gap as evidence for a departure from the $t^{-1/2}$ Skumanich spin down law, rather than an indication of a bimodal star formation history. We provide maximum likelihood estimates and uncertainties for all parameters of the quasi-periodic light curve model for each of the 284,834 stars in our sample.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, submitted to ApJ, revised April 1, 2020
Architecting the Information Age War
Creators: name: Crilly, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160604 Defence Studies
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Yesterday's logic, paradigms and architecture that underpin current thinking threaten the pivot towards Multi Domain Operations (MDO). As war moves into the Information Age, we will increasingly need to move, analyse, and make decisions based on vast quantities of information, at hyper-speed. Is our current equipment, CONOPS, and systems up to this challenge? Are we to rely on yesterday's thinking and therefore risk being overmatched in tomorrow's wars?
title: Identifying Meteorological Inaccuracies in Air Quality Forecasts
Creators: name: Milczewska, Kaja
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2021

description: Air quality (AQ) forecasts are important for helping the public mitigate adverse health effects associated with episodes of high pollution. In order to create an accurate AQ forecast, it is important to correctly represent meteorological processes due to their strong influence on pollutant concentrations. The aim of this work is to determine the relationship between forecast errors in surface pollutant concentrations and meteorological forecast errors within the operational AQ model, Air Quality in the Unified Model (AQUM). This thesis explores three different approaches of evaluation to determine the impact of meteorological forecast errors in 10 m wind speed, 1.5 m temperature and precipitation on pollutant errors (O3, NO2, PM10 and PM2.5). These are point-based, neighbourhood and process-based methods. Point-based metrics evaluate forecasts against observations, paired in space and time. The evaluation reveals negative forecast bias in diurnal cycles of summertime NO2 and positive bias in O3, with a 2-hour lag in timing of the forecast increase of morning concentrations. It is shown that night-time 10 m wind speed over-estimation coincides with the largest O3 and NO2 biases. Point-based evaluation identifies a negative bias in PM concentrations which decreases by 10% to 25% after under-estimating precipitation. Neighbourhood evaluation relaxes the spatial constraint for forecast - observation pairs. It is a novel mechanism of attributing forecast errors in AQ to meteorology. Strongest positive correlations between night-time O3 and wind speed forecast errors are shown to occur at a neighbourhood of 100 km2 . Forecast error anti-correlations between NO2 and wind speed reach a maximum at a smaller neighbourhood. Finally, process-based evaluation is used to test whether statistical relationships between O3, NO2 and 10 m wind speed forecast errors are caused by the physical process of entrainment. To quantify the influence of entrainment in the model on forecast total oxidant (O3 + NO2 = Ox) concentrations, an experiment using the off-line NAME model simulates tracer dispersion under different meteorology configurations. The experiment confirms that lag in the forecast morning Ox increase is due to delayed boundary layer development. In light of the results, it is recommended that model developers implement a land-surface parametrisation with better urban heat storage to improve modelled surface heat fluxes, nocturnal boundary layer stability and nocturnal winds. Improving these may result in more accurate surface AQ forecasts.
Search for lepton-flavor-violating $τ\to\ell V^0$ decays at Belle
Creators: name: Nishio, Y.
name: Inami, K.
name: Ohshima, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for neutrinoless $τ$ lepton decays into $\ell$ and $V^0$, where $\ell$ stands for an electron or muon, and $V^0$ for a vector meson ($ϕ$, $ω$, $K^{*0}$, $\bar{K}^{*0}$ or $ρ^0$), using 543 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. No excess of signal events over the expected background has been observed, and we set upper limits on the branching fractions in the range $(5.9-18) \times 10^{-8}$ at the 90% confidence level. These upper limits include the first results for the $\ell ω$ mode as well as new limits that are significantly more restrictive than our previous results for the $\ell ϕ$, $\ell K^{*0}$, $\ell \bar{K}^{*0}$ and $\ell ρ^0$ modes.
description: 7 pages, 16 figures
A theory of lexical functors : light heads in the lexicon and the syntax
Creators: name: Suzuki, Takeru
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis advances a specific model of 1-syntax, based on Hale and Keyser (1993, 1994) and Dechaine (1996) as a point of departure, and also proposes a general theory of the relation between the lexicon and the syntax. One of the essential proposals that I make is the F\mctionalization Principle, which permits a lexical head to project a functional projection if and only if the meaning of the head is represented by 1-syntactic structure without any extra semantic features. I refer to this type of head as a light head. The Functionalization Principle leads us to a principled account of various lexical and functional uses of lexical items such as a passive morpheme -en and have. Examples that support my analysis range from adjectival and verbal passives (e.g. Mary is very pleased and The glass was broken by BUI), to constructions of alienable and inalienable possession (e.g. John has Jive bucks and John has blue eyes), to causative/experiential constructions (e.g. John had his students walk out of class), and to perfect constructions (e.g. Lucie has advised the prime minister). Furthermore, the analysis of possessive have is extended to possessive nominals (e.g. John's cat and John's eyes). I also examine the implications of the theories of 1-syntax and 1- functors for Case. I propose that 1-syntactic structure partly determines inherent Case whereas the 1-functor checks what I call l-Junctor Case through the Spec-head relation. Furthermore, I show that these analyses of inherent Case and 1-functors account for essential properties of possessive D (a genitive marker -*s), some Hindi marked subject constructions and Japanese experiential transitive constructions.
Ising nematic phase in ultra-thin magnetic films: a Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: Cannas, S. A.
name: Michelon, M. F.
name: Stariolo, D. A.
name: Tamarit, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical properties of a two--dimensional Ising model with competing ferromagnetic exchange and dipolar interactions, which models an ultra-thin magnetic film with high out--of--plane anisotropy in the monolayer limit. We present numerical evidence showing that two different scenarios appear in the model for different values of the exchange to dipolar intensities ratio, namely, a single first order stripe - tetragonal phase transition or two phase transitions at different temperatures with an intermediate Ising nematic phase between the stripe and the tetragonal ones. Our results are very similar to those predicted by Abanov et al [Phys. Rev. B 51, 1023 (1995)], but suggest a much more complex critical behavior than the predicted by those authors for both the stripe-nematic and the nematic-tetragonal phase transitions. We also show that the presence of diverging free energy barriers at the stripe-nematic transition makes possible to obtain by slow cooling a metastable supercooled nematic state down to temperatures well below the transition one.
description: 13 pages, 19 figures
Additional file 6 of Underrepresented populations in genomic research: a qualitative study of researchers’ perspectives
Creators: name: Omeranovic, Arian
name: Van Long, Flora Nguyen
name: Boubaker, Asma
name: Turgeon, Annie
name: Nabi, Hermann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6.
Grammatical elicitation: Coordination and adjunct clauses
Creators: name: Kipkoech, Linus
name: Bossi, Madeline
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: sgc

description: One .mp4 file and one .pdf file. Elicitation of coordinations and adjunct clauses with "while" and "when".
Information-theoretic bounds on quantum advantage in machine learning
Creators: name: Huang, Hsin-Yuan
name: Kueng, Richard
name: Preskill, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the performance of classical and quantum machine learning (ML) models in predicting outcomes of physical experiments. The experiments depend on an input parameter $x$ and involve execution of a (possibly unknown) quantum process $\mathcal{E}$. Our figure of merit is the number of runs of $\mathcal{E}$ required to achieve a desired prediction performance. We consider classical ML models that perform a measurement and record the classical outcome after each run of $\mathcal{E}$, and quantum ML models that can access $\mathcal{E}$ coherently to acquire quantum data; the classical or quantum data is then used to predict outcomes of future experiments. We prove that for any input distribution $\mathcal{D}(x)$, a classical ML model can provide accurate predictions on average by accessing $\mathcal{E}$ a number of times comparable to the optimal quantum ML model. In contrast, for achieving accurate prediction on all inputs, we prove that exponential quantum advantage is possible. For example, to predict expectations of all Pauli observables in an $n$-qubit system $ρ$, classical ML models require $2^{Ω(n)}$ copies of $ρ$, but we present a quantum ML model using only $\mathcal{O}(n)$ copies. Our results clarify where quantum advantage is possible and highlight the potential for classical ML models to address challenging quantum problems in physics and chemistry.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures + 28-page appendix
Simulating the Mass-Metallicity Relation from z=1
Creators: name: Mouchine, Mustapha
name: Gibson, Brad K.
name: Renda, Agostino
name: Kawata, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use 112 N-body/hydrodynamical simulations in the standard Cold Dark Matter universe, to follow the formation of galaxy-sized halos and investigate the chemical enrichment of both the stellar component and the interstellar medium of galaxies, with stellar masses larger than 1e9 Msun. The resulting chemical properties of the simulated galaxies are broadly consistent with the observations. The predicted relationship between the mean metallicity and the galaxy stellar mass for both the stellar and the gaseous components at z=0 are in agreement with the relationships observed locally. The predicted scatter about these relationships, which is traced to the differing merging histories amongst the simulated galaxies with similar final masses, is similar to that observed. The predicted correlations between the total mass and the stellar mass of galaxies in our simulated sample from the present epoch up to z=1 agree with observed ones. The stellar mass versus metallicity relation and its associated scatter are reproduced by the simulations as consequences of the increasing efficiency of the conversion of gas into stars with stellar mass, and the differing merging histories amongst the galaxies with similar masses. The old ages of simulated low mass galaxies at z=0, and the weak level of chemical evolution for massive galaxies suggest however that our modeling of the supernova feedback may be incomplete, or that other feedback processes have been neglected. (Abridged)
description: A&A, in press, 13 pages, 10 figures
New software based readout driver for the ATLAS experiment
Creators: name: Kolos, Serguei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to maintain sensitivity to new physics in the coming years of LHC operations, the ATLAS experiment has been working on upgrading a portion of the front-end electronics and replacing some parts of the detector with new devices that can operate under the much harsher background conditions of the future LHC. The legacy front-end of the ATLAS detector sent data to the DAQ system via so called Read Out Drivers (ROD) - custom made VMEbus boards devoted to data processing, configuration and control. The data were then received by the Read Out System (ROS), which was responsible for buffering them during High-Level Trigger (HLT) processing. From Run 3 onward, all new trigger and detector systems will be read out using new components, replacing the combination of the ROD and the ROS. This new path will feature an application called the Software Read Out Driver (SW ROD), which will run on a commodity server receiving front-end data via the Front-End Link eXchange (FELIX) system. The SW ROD will perform event fragment building and buffering as well as serving the data on request to the HLT. The SW ROD application has been designed as a highly customizable high-performance framework providing support for detector specific event building and data processing algorithms. The implementation that will be used for the Run 3 is capable of building event fragments at a rate of 100 kHz from an input stream consisting of up to 120 MHz of individual data packets. This document will cover the design and the implementation of the SW ROD application and will present the results of performance measurements performed on the server models selected to host SW ROD applications in Run 3.
description: 7 pages, 6 figure
Tissue Engineering for Periodontal Ligament Regeneration: Biomechanical Specifications
Creators: name: Gauthier, R.
name: Jeannin, Christophe
name: Attik, N.
name: Trunfio-Sfarghiu, Ana-Maria
name: Gritsch, K.
name: Grosgogeat, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The periodontal biomechanical environment is very difficult to investigate. By the complex geometry and composition of the periodontal ligament, its mechanical behavior is very dependent on the type of loading (compressive vs. tensile loading; static vs. cyclic loading; uniaxial vs. multiaxial) and the location around the root (cervical, middle, or apical). These different aspects of the periodontal ligament make it difficult to develop a functional biomaterial to treat periodontal attachment due to periodontal diseases. This review aims to describe the structural and biomechanical properties of the periodontal ligament. Particular importance is placed in the close interrelationship that exists between structure and biomechanics: the periodontal ligament structural organization is specific to its biomechanical environment, and its biomechanical properties are specific to its structural arrangement. This balance between structure and biomechanics can be explained by a mechanosensitive periodontal cellular activity. These specifications have to be considered in the further tissue engineering strategies for the development of an efficient biomaterial for periodontal tissues regeneration.
title: Επανασχεδιασμός Φορέα Αισθητήρα Ροής Βιομηχανικού Τύπου με Σκοπό την Τροποποίηση των Χαρακτηριστικών Λειτουργίας του
title: Redesign of a Flow Sensor's Housing for Optimum Performance
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Οικονομόπουλος, Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: By-pass

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία ασχολείται με τον επανασχεδιασμό και την ακόλουθη κατασκευή ενός μετρητικού συστήματος για την μέτρηση παροχής εισαγωγής αέρα σε μηχανή εσωτερικής καύσης. Κύριος στόχος της εργασίας ήταν ο βέλτιστος επανασχεδιασμός του συστήματος μέσω προσθήκης κατάλληλου φορέα διαμόρφωσης ροής. Ο φορέας ενσωματώθηκε στην αρχική αισθητήρια διάταξη με σκοπό να διευρυνθεί το αρχικό εύρος μέτρησης του. Για την εκτίμηση της ανεπτυγμένης ροής μέσα στον φορέα πραγματοποιήθηκαν κατάλληλες προσομοιώσεις μέσω λογισμικού ενώ ακολούθησε η κατασκευή του με χρήση τρισδιάστατου εκτυπωτή. Στο τελικό στάδιο πραγματοποιήθηκε ο ηλεκτρικός χαρακτηρισμός του αισθητήρα σε πραγματικές συνθήκες στην εργαστηριακή κλίνη του εργαστήριου των ναυπηγών μηχανικών.
title: Μικρού μήκους ταινία κινουμένων σχεδίων με την τεχνική του stop motion με τίτλο “Elevator Alone”
title: Short animation film using stop motion technique titled "Elevator alone"
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Παπαδοπούλου, Αναστασία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Stop motion
Animation
Short movie
Elevator alone

description: Η ταινία “Elevator Alone” είναι μία κωμική ταινία μικρού μήκους με την τεχνική του stop motion animation. Είναι εμπνευσμένη από την καθημερινότητα και από την διαφορά της συμπεριφοράς του ανθρώπου όταν είναι μόνος του, σε αντιδιαστολή με την κοινωνικά αποδεκτή συμπεριφορά που υιοθετεί σε δημόσιο χώρο, και ειδικότερα στο περιορισμένο και πάντα αμήχανο πλαίσιο ενός ασανσέρ.
Toward a Benchmark Repository for Software Maintenance Tool Evaluations with Humans
Creators: name: Sulír, Matúš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To evaluate software maintenance techniques and tools in controlled experiments with human participants, researchers currently use projects and tasks selected on an ad-hoc basis. This can unrealistically favor their tool, and it makes the comparison of results difficult. We suggest a gradual creation of a benchmark repository with projects, tasks, and metadata relevant for human-based studies. In this paper, we discuss the requirements and challenges of such a repository, along with the steps which could lead to its construction.
On the equivalence between the energy and virial routes to the equation of state of hard-sphere fluids
Creators: name: Santos, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy route to the equation of state of hard-sphere fluids is ill-defined since the internal energy is just that of an ideal gas and thus it is independent of density. It is shown that this ambiguity can be avoided by considering a square-shoulder interaction and taking the limit of vanishing shoulder width. The resulting hard-sphere equation of state coincides exactly with the one obtained through the virial route. Therefore, the energy and virial routes to the equation of state of hard-sphere fluids can be considered as equivalent.
description: 2 pages
title: ΑΝΑΜΝΗΣΕΙΣ
title: MEMORIES
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ιακώβου, Μάξιμος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Βίντεο
Σκηνοθεσία
Αναμνήσεις
Ταινία μικρού μήκους

description: Μέσα από τις σκηνές της ταινίας μου αφηγούμαι την ιστορία ενός νεαρού άνδρα που επισκέπτεται το πατρικό του σπίτι μετά από καιρό, αφότου οι γονείς του έχουν πεθάνει, με σκοπό να το πουλήσει. Το θέμα μου είναι οι Αναμνήσεις και πώς αυτές επηρεάζουν τον άνθρωπο και συγκεκριμένα τον πρωταγωνιστή μου. Μέσα στους γνωστούς χώρους του σπιτιού, στα διάφορα μικρά, ξεχασμένα από τον χρόνο αντικείμενα που βρίσκει, -ένα βαζάκι αρωματικά, μια κιθάρα, μια φωτογραφική μηχανή, ένα άλμπουμ φωτογραφιών- συναντιέται με το παρελθόν του και φέρνει στο μυαλό του τις αναμνήσεις του από όταν ήταν μικρός και ζούσε εκεί. Οι αναμνήσεις του αυτές τον ταξιδεύουν στον χρόνο. Τον οδηγούν σε εναλλαγές στιγμών από το παρόν στο παρελθόν και το αντίθετο. Καθετί στο σπίτι έχει να του ξεκλειδώσει και κάτι. Αφήνεται να τον συνεπάρουν οι αναμνήσεις, οι οποίες γλυκαίνουν την καρδιά του, αγγίζουν την ψυχή του και του προκαλούν μια αλλαγή στα συναισθήματα του. Έτσι στο τέλος τον οδηγούν σε μια πολύ διαφορετική απόφαση από αυτήν που είχε σκοπό να πράξει με την επίσκεψή του εκεί: στην απόφαση να μην πουλήσει το σπίτι. Βγάζει το πωλητήριο που έβαλε μόλις έφτασε εκεί, και αλλαγμένος αλλά και ευχαριστημένος για την απόφαση του, αναχωρεί από αυτό.
Evangelische Arbeitsstelle Ökumene Schweiz: Christsein in der Schweiz - weltweit herausgefordert
Creators: name: Vo.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 41 Nr. 4 (1992): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 41, Heft 4
Complex-temperature phase diagram of Potts and RSOS models
Creators: name: Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke
name: Richard, Jean-Francois
name: Salas, Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of Q-state Potts models, for Q=4 cos^2(PI/p) a Beraha number (p>2 integer), in the complex-temperature plane. The models are defined on L x N strips of the square or triangular lattice, with boundary conditions on the Potts spins that are periodic in the longitudinal (N) direction and free or fixed in the transverse (L) direction. The relevant partition functions can then be computed as sums over partition functions of an A\_{p-1} type RSOS model, thus making contact with the theory of quantum groups. We compute the accumulation sets, as N -> infinity, of partition function zeros for p=4,5,6,infinity and L=2,3,4 and study selected features for p>6 and/or L>4. This information enables us to formulate several conjectures about the thermodynamic limit, L -> infinity, of these accumulation sets. The resulting phase diagrams are quite different from those of the generic case (irrational p). For free transverse boundary conditions, the partition function zeros are found to be dense in large parts of the complex plane, even for the Ising model (p=4). We show how this feature is modified by taking fixed transverse boundary conditions.
description: 60 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables
Variability of cloud optical depth and cloud droplet effective radius in layer clouds : satellite based analysis
Creators: name: Szczodrak, Malgorzata
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Measurements made by the AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) on board of five NOAA polar orbiting satellites were used to retrieve cloud optical depth (τ) and cloud droplet effective radius (r[sub eff]) for marine boundary layer clouds over the Pacific Ocean west of California and over the Southern Ocean near Tasmania. Retrievals were obtained for 21 days of data acquired between 1987 and 1995 from which over 300 subscenes ~ 256 km x 256 km in size were extracted. On this spatial scale cloud fields were found to have mean τ between 8 and 32 and mean r[sub eff] between 6 and 17 μm. The frequency distribution of τ is well approximated by a two parameter gamma distribution. The gamma distribution also provides a good fit to the observed r[sub eff] distribution if the distribution is symmetric or positively skewed but fails for negatively skewed or bi-modal distributions of r[sub eff] which were also observed. The retrievals show a relationship between τ and r[sub eff] which is consistent with a simple "reference" cloud model with reff ~ r[sup 1 / 5]. The proportionality constant depends on cloud droplet number concentration N and cloud subadiabaticity β through the parameter N[sub sat] = N/ [sq rt. Β]. Departures from the reference behaviour occur in scenes with spatially coherent N[sub sat] regimes, separated by a sharp boundary. AVHRR imagery is able to separate two N[sub sat] regimes if they differ by at least 30% in most cases. Satellite retrievals of τ and r[sub eff] were compared with in situ aircraft measurement near Tasmania. The retrievals overestimated r[sub eff] by 0.7 to 3.6 μm on different flights, in agreement with results from earlier comparison studies. The r[sub eff] overestimation was found to be an offset independent of τ. The reference cloud model and the N[sub sat] retrieval were tested on aircraft data and yield results consistent with direct in situ measurements of N and 8. Spectral and multifractal analyses of the spatial structure of cloud visible radiance, τ and r[sub eff] fields in 34 satellite scenes revealed scale breaks at 3 to 2 km in all analysed scenes in agreement with some earlier observations (Davis et al. (1996a)) but in contrast with other work (Lovejoy et al. (1993)). The nonstationarity H(1) and intermittency C(1) parameters were computed for the 34 scenes, stratified using the reference cloud model and according to mean τ and r[sub eff]. Similar values of H(1) and C(1) were found in all these categories. These measurements of the frequency distribution and spatial variability of τ, r[sub eff], liquid water path (Iwp), and N[sub sat] can be used to place constraints on mesoscale models of layer clouds.
Characterizing Atmospheres of Transiting Earth-like Exoplanets Orbiting M Dwarfs with James Webb Space Telescope
Creators: name: Gialluca, Megan T.
name: Robinson, Tyler D.
name: Rugheimer, Sarah
name: Wunderlich, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of transiting, potentially habitable Earth-sized exoplanets have recently been detected around several nearby M dwarf stars. These worlds represent important targets for atmospheric characterization for the upcoming NASA James Webb Space Telescope. Given that available time for exoplanet characterization will be limited, it is critically important to first understand the capabilities and limitations of JWST when attempting to detect atmospheric constituents for potentially Earth-like worlds orbiting cool stars. Here, we explore coupled climate-chemistry atmospheric models for Earth-like planets orbiting a grid of M dwarf hosts. Using a newly-developed and validated JWST instrument model - the JWST Exoplanet Transit Simulator (JETS) - we investigate the detectability of key biosignature and habitability indicator gaseous species for a variety of relevant instruments and observing modes. Spectrally-resolved detection scenarios as well as cases where the spectral impact of a given species is integrated across the entire range of an instrument/mode are considered and serve to highlight the importance of considering information gained over an entire observable spectral range. When considering the entire spectral coverage of an instrument/mode, detections of methane, carbon dioxide, oxygen and water at signal-to-noise ratio 5 could be achieved with observations of several tens of transits (or less) for cloud-free Earth-like worlds orbiting mid- to late-type M dwarfs at system distances of up to 10-15 pc. When compared to previous results, requisite exposure times for gas species detection depend on approaches to quantifying the spectral impact of the species as well as underlying photochemical model assumptions. Thus, constraints on atmospheric abundances, even if just upper limits, by JWST have the potential to further our understanding of terrestrial atmospheric chemistry.
description: Accepted to PASP; 14 pages (with references), 8 figures