cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PEMBERIAN GRASI OLEH PRESIDEN KEPADA GEMBONG NARKOBA SEBAGAI SALAH SATU KEJAHATAN EXTRAORDINARY CRIME (KASUS PEMBERIAN GRASI TERHADAP OLA)
Creators: name: Arliman S, Laurensius
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Grasi
subject: Hukuman Mati
subject: Presiden

description: Diterbitkan di Jurnal Advokasi, Volume 7, Nomor 2, Tahun 2016 - STIH Padang. Narkotika di satu sisi merupakan obat atau bahan yang bermanfaat di bidang pengobatan atau pelayanan kesehatan dan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan di sisi lain dapat pula menimbulkan ketergantungan yang sangat merugikan apabila disalahgunakan atau digunakan tanpa pengendalian dan pengawasan yang ketat dan saksama. Penegakan tindak pidana hal pemberian grasi oleh presiden Republik Indonesia terhadap tindak pidana terlihat sangat janggal. Kejanggalan pemberian grasi oleh presiden terjadi pada kasus “OLA”, dimana ia mendapatkan grasi dari presiden Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, sehingga membuat penerapan pidana di Indonesia menjadi tidak jelas kemana arah tujuannya, khususnya pada tindak pidana narkotika, karena tindak pidana narkotika merupakan salah satu kejahatan luar biasa atau extra ordinary crime. Grasi yang diberikan pun bukan pengurangan masa hukuman atau remisi. Melainkan perubahan status dari terpidana mati menjadi seumur hidup, jadi sampai kapan pun yang bersangkutan tidak akan bebas dari penjara.
In-situ high-pressure Raman scattering studies in PbWO4 up to 48 GPa
Creators: name: Errandonea, D.
name: Lacomba-Perales, R.
name: Mishra, K. K.
name: Polian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of pressure on the Raman spectrum of PbWO4 has been investigated up to 48 GPa in a diamond-anvil cell using neon as pressure-transmitting medium. Changes are detected in the Raman spectrum at 6.8 GPa as a consequence of a structural phase transition from the tetragonal scheelite structure to the monoclinic PbWO4-III structure. Two additional phase transitions are detected at 15.5 and 21.2 GPa to the previously unknown crystalline phases IV and V. The last one remains stable up to 43.3 GPa. At 47.7 GPa all Raman modes disappear, which could be caused by a pressure-induced amorphization. All structural changes are reversible, being the scheelite phase recovered at ambient pressure. However, the two most intense modes of the PbWO4-III phase are still present after full decompression, indicating that this phase coexists as a minority metastable phase with the scheelite phase after pressure release. The wavenumber of the Raman modes and their pressure dependencies are reported for the four crystalline phases. The present reported results are compared with previous studies.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Formation of Ge-71 via Thermal Neutron Capture
Creators: name: Hays, Thomas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: In this work, the formation rate of 71Ge for a pure germanium sample given a typical environmental neutron flux is examined. This was done using two different methods. The first method involved Monte Carlo simulations of a HPGe PPC detector known as MALBEK interacting with background thermal neutrons. The second method involved an analysis of experimental 71Ge activity data obtained using MALBEK with an estimation of the number of thermal neutrons that MALBEK was exposed to over a 68 hour period. The two 71Ge formation rate values for the first and second methods were found to be 8.2 ± 0.8 x 10[-37]1Ge/s.kg and 7.3 ± 3.6 x 10[-37]1Ge/s.kg respectively.
Two-body decay widths of lowest lying and next-to-lowest lying scalar and pseudoscalar mesons in generalized linear sigma model
Creators: name: Zebarjad, S. Mohammad
name: Zarepour, Soodeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-body decay widths of lowest lying and next-to-lowest lying scalar and pseudoscalar mesons are studied in Generalized Linear Sigma Model (GLSM) of low-energy QCD. This model which considers mixing between "two quark" and "four quark" chiral nonets has been employed to investigate various decays and scatterings in low energy region of QCD. In this paper, $Γ[f_0(980) \rightarrow K \bar{K}]$ and $Γ[a_0(980) \rightarrow K \bar{K}]$ are obtained and it is shown that two-body decay widths of lowest lying mesons are well predicted by this model while for the next-to-lowest lying mesons, only some of the decay widths agree with the experimental results. We have compared the predicted decay widths in GLSM with the results obtained in single nonet linear sigma model (SNLSM) to indicate that chiral nonet mixing greatly improves the predictions of SNLSM for decay widths.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1262
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1479 fr. 5 col. 2. Epicurus, De natura 28
Drawing by Carlo Orazi
Lefschetz-thimble analysis of the sign problem in one-site fermion model
Creators: name: Tanizaki, Yuya
name: Hidaka, Yoshimasa
name: Hayata, Tomoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lefschetz-thimble approach to path integrals is applied to a one-site model of electrons, i.e., the one-site Hubbard model. Since the one-site Hubbard model shows a non-analytic behavior at the zero temperature and its path integral expression has the sign problem, this toy model is a good testing ground for an idea or a technique to attack the sign problem. Semiclassical analysis using complex saddle points unveils the significance of interference among multiple Lefschetz thimbles to reproduce the non-analytic behavior by using the path integral. If the number of Lefschetz thimbles is insufficient, we found not only large discrepancies from the exact result, but also thermodynamic instabilities. Analyzing such singular behaviors semiclassically, we propose a criterion to identify the necessary number of Lefschetz thimbles. We argue that this interference of multiple saddle points is a key issue to understand the sign problem of the finite-density quantum chromodynamics.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures; (v2) abstract changed, references added, Sec. 4 added; (v3) Sec. 4 improved; (v4) minor changes
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1263
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1479 fr. 11 col. 4. Epicurus, De natura 28
Drawing by Carlo Orazi
An Evaluation of the Nutritional and Promotional Profile of Commercial Foods for Infants and Toddlers in the United States
Creators: name: Shahid, Maria
name: Dunford, Elizabeth K.
name: Padovan, Marina
name: Parkins, Kiana
name:  Hu, Monica
name: Coyle, Daisy H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Despite growing concerns over the increasing popularity and health impact of commercial foods for infants and toddlers, no nutrition or promotional guidelines currently exist for the United States. In 2022, the WHO Regional Office for Europe published a nutrient and promotion profile model (NPPM) to provide guidance and regulation for commercially produced infant and toddler foods. This study assessed the nutritional and promotional profile of infant and toddler foods (6–36 months of age) collected from the top 10 grocery chains in 2023. Products were assessed against the WHO NPPM nutritional and promotional requirements. The type and number of claims across packaging type were also assessed. Of the 651 products examined, 60% failed to meet the nutritional requirements of the NPPM, and 0% met the promotional requirements. Almost 100% of products had at least 1 claim on-pack that was prohibited under the NPPM, with some products displaying up to 11 prohibited claims. Snack-size packages had the lowest compliance with nutrient requirements. These findings highlight that urgent work is needed to improve the nutritional quality of commercially produced infant and toddler foods in the United States. The high use of prohibited claims also suggests the need to regulate the type and number of claims allowed on-pack.
The Consequences of Moral Typecasting in Healthcare
Creators: name: Katz, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The theory of dyadic morality proposes that moral scenarios consist of an agent, a capable doer
who performs an action, and a patient, a vulnerable feeler who receives the action. Once one is
typecast into one of these roles, it is difficult to consider their capacity for the opposite role. In
healthcare, physicians are acting to improve the health of others, causing them to be cast as
agents and medical patients as patients. Doctors are consequently perceived as having little
patiency, causing neglect to their self-care and wellbeing. Study 1 asked participants to rate the
perceived mind of several targets and found that physicians are perceived as significantly more
agentic than the others. In Study 2, I found that, based on cultural stereotypes, doctors are
perceived as significantly more agentic than patients, and patients are perceived as having
significantly more patiency than physicians. In Study 3, participants rated the minds of people
based on their hobbies and interests, and rated them again after learning they are physicians or
medical patients. This study found that people are perceived as significantly more agentic if they
are physicians, and significantly less agentic if they are medical patients. Lastly, Study 4
compared traits and abilities of doctors and restaurant managers, and found that doctors are
perceived as more agentic than restaurant managers, despite facing similar career challenges.
This research allows us to better understand perceptions of physicians and medical patients, and
the resulting expectations and implications for people in these roles.
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1264
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1479 fr. 11 col. 2. Epicurus, De natura 28
Drawing by Carlo Orazi
Hot electrons injection in carbon nanotubes under the influence of quasi-static ac-field
Creators: name: Amekpewu, M.
name: Mensah, S. Y.
name: Musah, R.
name: Mensah, N. G.
name: Abukari, S. S.
name: Dompreh, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot electrons injection in carbon nanotubes (CNTs ) where in addition to applied dc field ($\mathbf{E}$), there exist simultaneously a quasi-static ac electric field (i.e. when the frequency $ω$ of ac field is much less than the scattering frequency $v$ ($ω\ll v$ or $ωτ\ll 1$, $v =τ^{-1}$, where $τ$ is relaxation time) is considered. The investigation is done theoritically by solving semiclassical Boltzmann transport equation with and without the presence of the hot electrons source to derive the current densities. Plots of the normalized current density versus dc field ($\mathbf{E}$) applied along the axis of the CNTs in the presence and absence of hot electrons reveal ohmic conductivity initially and finally negative differential conductivity (NDC) provided $ωτ\ll 1$ (i.e. quasi- static case). With strong enough axial injection of the hot electrons , there is a switch from NDC to positive differential conductivity (PDC) about $\mathbf{E} \geq 75 kV/cm$ and $\mathbf{E} \geq 140 kV/cm$ for a zigzag CNT and an armchair CNT respectively. Thus, the most important tough problem for NDC region which is the space charge instabilities can be suppressed due to the switch from the NDC behaviour to the PDC behaviour predicting a potential generation of terahertz radiations whose applications are relevance in current-day technology, industry, and research.
Assessing the viability of water utilities in North Carolina: A principal component analysis approach*
Creators: name: Mullins, Elsemarie
name: Obenshain, Kathyrn
name: El-Khattabi, Ahmed Rachid
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Utility viability is a significant issue for utilities in the water sector where service providers are expected to operate utilities in a way that ensures clean drinking water, adequate sanitation, consistent reliable service, and long-term sustainability, while also charging affordable rates and implementing efficient processes that conserve limited water resources. In this paper, we develop a quantitative viability index using multiple data sets for water utilities in North Carolina: socioeconomic, demographic, technical managerial financial (TMF), and climatic dimensions. To contextualize the results from the index, we also conduct a series of qualitative case studies that provide deeper insight into the challenges faced by water utilities. Our work points to several data gaps and limitations that should be addressed to better capture aspects related to utility viability.
Bloating characteristics of east Texas clays
Creators: name: Fisher, W. L. (William Lawrence), 1932-
name: Garner, L. E.
Publisher: name: University of Texas at Austin. Bureau of Economic Geology
Year: 1965
Subjects: Clay -- Analysis
Clay -- Texas

description: Bureau Publication GC6501 - to purchase a print copy please go to: https://store.beg.utexas.edu/geologic-circulars/383-gc6501.html
description: Incidence of bloating among approximately 600 clay samples from East Texas, ranging in age from Gulfian (Late Cretaceous) to Recent, correlates principally with clay mineralogy-and pH--together an indication of bulk composition--and to a lesser extent with texture, loss on ignition, and content of nonclay refractory minerals. Clay-mineral and pH data permit prediction of bloating with an accuracy of about 80 percent. Montmorillonitic and illitic clays are the best bloaters; bloating occurs in more than 80 percent of clays consisting of less than 30 percent kaolinite, more than l 0 percent illite, and between 20 and 90 percent montmorillonite. Only 10 percent of the high-alumina clays (more than 50 percent kaolinite) bloat; these generally are plastic and carbonaceous. Value of pH is an index of the amount of certain flux and gas-forming materials in clays; accordingly, bloating incidence generally increases with increase in pH. Incidence of bloating also increases slightly with decrease in grain size, increase in plasticity, increase in loss on ignition, and decrease in content of nonclay refractory minerals.
Epidemiology, Local Treatment Practices, and Effects of Guideline Adherence on Outcomes of Clostridium Difficile Infection (CDI) at Rex Healthcare
Creators: name: Peters, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to characterize the CDI population at this institution according to known risk factors and to examine the effect of appropriate evidence-based treatment selection on length of patient stay and outcome of infection.
METHODS: The institutional review board at the study facility approved this retrospective, observational study. All patients at least 18 years of age with a positive Clostridium difficile toxin test by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from January to December 2011 were included in this study. The electronic medical records of patients meeting inclusion criteria were reviewed for both patient specific and medication associated risk factors. Secondly, the medical record was utilized to assign disease severity and assess corresponding appropriateness of treatment for each documented CDI occurrence according to IDSA/SHEA criteria. Finally, the effect of appropriate treatment on patient length of stay and infection outcome was analyzed.
RESULTS: Over 96 percent of patients had more than one risk factor for CDI in this study. The effect of appropriate treatment on patient outcome, specifically resolution of infection versus recurrence or patient death, was assessed by chi-square test. A significant increase in treatment failure was observed in patients who did not receive the appropriate regimen according to IDSA/SHEA recommendations. However, the potential for confounding by indication was then examined by controlling for infection severity. The analysis revealed that there was in fact no significant difference in patient outcome regardless of the initial CDI treatment chosen. The relationship between appropriate initial treatment and length of stay was not significant, regardless of whether deaths were excluded from the data set.
CONCLUSION: Adherence to IDSA guidelines did not have a significant impact on patient outcomes associated with CDI including length of stay, treatment failure, and mortality.
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1265
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1479 fr. 13 col. 4 sup. Epicurus, De natura 28
Drawing by Carlo Orazi
[ðƏ ˈRƐDˌHƐD FLƐD] The Redhead Fled
Creators: name: Walt, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: TABLE OF CONTENTS: TRIP; RAINDANCE; PANTHERS & FAWNS; MORPHINE; PHONETICS LESSONS; WITHOUT THIS GLASS; HB2, I H8 U; TO THAT DAY IN DUBROVNIK; DOLLHOUSE; GOODBYE SWEET PRINCE; LEPIDOPTEROLOGY; PARALLEL TO THE SHORE; SHE; RED-HEADED; VANILLA; ROUTINE; JANIE; TO THE CHEESE PLATTER; THOUGHTS AT 35,000 FT; BIRDCAGE; CIGARETTE HABIT; BIRTHDAY; DEAR DIARY; CHINA; LEAVING LOVE THE 7TH TIME; END OF DAYS; YOU ARE NOT FIGHTING THE PATRIARCHY; TO US; R. I. P
PENANAMAN MODAL ASING DI SUMATERA BARAT BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 25 TAHUN 2007 TENTANG PENANAMAN MODAL, 3 (1) 2016
Creators: name: Arliman S, Laurensius
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Penanaman Modal Asing
subject: Sumatera Barat

description: Diterbitkan di Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Publik, Volume 3, Nomor 1, Tahun 2016 - Institut Pendidikan Dalam Negeri. Penanaman modal harus menjadi bagian dari penyelenggaraan perekonomian nasional dan ditempatkan sebagai upaya meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional, menciptakan lapangan kerja, meningkatkan pembangunan ekonomi berkelanjutan, meningkatkan kapasitas dan kemampuan teknologi nasional, mendorong ekonomi kerakyatan, mengolah potensi ekonomi petensial menjadi ekonomi rill dengan menggunakan dana yang berasal, baik dari dalam negeri maupun dari luar negeri, serta meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penanaman modal asing di daerah merupakan salah satu dampak dengan diberlakukannya Undang-Undang Nomor 25 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penanaman Modal, tulisan ini hendak menjelaskan bagaimana konsep penanaman modal asing di daerah serta bagaimana dampak penanaman modal asing di sumatera barat. Untuk menjawab hal tersebut, artikel ini menggunakan penelitian yuridis normatif dan juga menggunakan beberapa teori penanaman modal. Sehingga dapat ditemukan suatu jawaban bahwa konsep penanaman modal asing di daerah sudah diatur dengan baik didalam undang-undang penanaman modal, namun perlu pengawasan yang lebih baik dari masyarakat, pemerintah dan investor. Ada dampak negatif dan positif dari penanaman modal asing di Sumatera Barat, hal tersebut bisa diatasi asalkan tidak melanggar aturan yang ada, adat istiadat dan kerifan lokal Sumatera Barat.
Proton pygmy resonances: predictions for N=20 isotones
Creators: name: Kim, Y.
name: Papakonstantinou, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the low-energy electric-dipole response of N=20 isotones. We present results from a quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) and a continuum random-phase approximation (CRPA), and we compare them with results for the mirror Z=20 nuclei. According to our analysis, enhanced E1 strength is expected energetically well below the giant dipole resonance in the proton-rich isotones. Large amounts of E1 strength in the asymmetric N=20 isotones are predicted, unlike their equally asymmetric Z=20 mirror nuclei, pointing unambiguously to the role of structural effects such as loose binding. A proton-skin oscillation could develop especially in 46Fe. The proper description of non localized threshold transitions and the nucleon effective mass in mean-field treatments may affect theoretical predictions. We call for systematic theoretical investigations to quantify the role bulk-matter properties, in anticipation of measurements of E1 transitions in proton-rich nuclei.
description: 10 pages, incl. 9 figures and 2 tables; v2: some rephrasing and clarifications, corrected Fig. 6
Geothermal resources, Frio Formation, south Texas
Creators: name: Bebout, Don G.
name: Agagu, Olusegun Kokumo, 1948-
name: Dorfman, Myron
Publisher: name: University of Texas at Austin. Bureau of Economic Geology
Year: 1975
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic -- Oligocene
Geothermal resources -- Texas

description: Bureau Publication GC7501 - to purchase a print copy please go to: https://store.beg.utexas.edu/geologic-circulars/411-gc7501.html
description: A preliminary study of the Frio sand distribution and formation temperatures and pressures was undertaken in order to define prospective areas in which a more detailed reservoir analysis is necessary prior to the selection of a site for a geothermal well. As the result of prospective oil wells that penetrated the Tertiary sediments, a geopressured zone containing fluids with high temperatures is known to occur along the Texas Gulf Coast. Few oil or gas wells produce from this area, and the regional sand distribution within these zones is not well known. Limited data, however, indicate that the pore spaces within the sands in the geopressured zone are filled with water which has high temperatures and relatively low dissolved-solids content, and which is saturated with methane. These waters are believed to be an important source of thermal energy and methane gas. For more information concerning the origin of the geopressured zone, see Dorfman and Kehle (1974) and Jones (1970). The first step in appraising the Gulf Coast geothermal resources entails a detailed geologic study of the main sand trends; the Frio and Wilcox Formations appear to be the best prospects. This report will deal largely with the Frio. The Wilcox Formation has been studied by Fisher and McGowen (1967). Other parts of the Tertiary which have been studied in detail are the Queen City Formation (Claiborne), which was reported on by Guevara and Garcia (1972), and the Jackson, reported on by Fisher and others (1970). The United States Atomic Energy Commission, through the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, and the Center for Energy Studies, The University of Texas at Austin, supported this preliminary study of the geothermal resource of the Frio sands in South Texas. The South Texas area (from just north of Corpus Christi and south to the Rio Grande) was selected because the geopressured zone is known to occur here at shallow depths (Jones, 1970), and because of the abundance of oil well records for the area. The study includes a sand-facies analysis and an integration of the facies data with existing information relative to temperatures and pressures.
Peak Bagging of red giant stars observed by Kepler: first results with a new method based on Bayesian nested sampling
Creators: name: Corsaro, Enrico
name: De Ridder, Joris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The peak bagging analysis, namely the fitting and identification of single oscillation modes in stars' power spectra, coupled to the very high-quality light curves of red giant stars observed by Kepler, can play a crucial role for studying stellar oscillations of different flavor with an unprecedented level of detail. A thorough study of stellar oscillations would thus allow for deeper testing of stellar structure models and new insights in stellar evolution theory. However, peak bagging inferences are in general very challenging problems due to the large number of observed oscillation modes, hence of free parameters that can be involved in the fitting models. Effciency and robustness in performing the analysis is what may be needed to proceed further. For this purpose, we developed a new code implementing the Nested Sampling Monte Carlo (NSMC) algorithm, a powerful statistical method well suited for Bayesian analyses of complex problems. In this talk we show the peak bagging of a sample of high signal-to-noise red giant stars by exploiting recent Kepler datasets and a new criterion for the detection of an oscillation mode based on the computation of the Bayesian evidence. Preliminary results for frequencies and lifetimes for single oscillation modes, together with acoustic glitches, are therefore presented.
description: Conference Proceeding - CoRoT3-KASC7 The Space Photometry Revolution, Toulouse, France, July 6-11 2014, 4 pages, 3 figures
Chikungunya Virus RNA Secondary Structures Impact Defective Viral Genome Production
Creators: name: Erazo, Diana
name: Vignuzzi, Marco
name: Heise, Mark T.
name: Sanders, Wes
name: Levi, Laura I.
name: Boussier, Jeremy
name: Vallet, Thomas
name: Moorman, Nathaniel J.
name: Madden, Emily A.
name: Bernhauerova, Veronika
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus that poses an emerging threat to humans. In a manner similar to other RNA viruses, CHIKV encodes an error-prone RNA polymerase which, in addition to producing full-length genomes, gives rise to truncated, non-functional genomes, which have been coined defective viral genomes (DVGs). DVGs have been intensively studied in the context of therapy, as they can inhibit viral replication and dissemination in their hosts. In this work, we interrogate the influence of viral RNA secondary structures on the production of CHIKV DVGs. We experimentally map RNA secondary structures of the CHIKV genome using selective 2′-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension and mutational profiling (SHAPE-MaP), which couples chemical labelling with next-generation sequencing. We correlate the inferred secondary structure with preferred deletion sites of CHIKV DVGs. We document an increased probability of DVG generation with truncations at unpaired nucleotides within the secondary structure. We then generated a CHIKV mutant bearing synonymous changes at the nucleotide level to disrupt the existing RNA secondary structure (CHIKV-D2S). We show that CHIKV-D2S presents altered DVG generation compared to wild-type virus, correlating with the change in RNA secondary structure obtained by SHAPE-MaP. Our work thus demonstrates that RNA secondary structure impacts CHIKV DVG production during replication.
Space-time modeling of vegetation in a changing environment
Creators: name: Bonannella, Carmelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open data
vegetation cover
earth observation
machine learning

description: Climate change is having a significant impact on the distribution and abundance of plant species around the world. As the Earth's temperature continues to rise and weather patterns become more extreme, many plant species are struggling to adapt to their changing environments. This can have serious consequences for the ecosystems they support, as well as the many animals and humans that rely on them. To understand and predict these changes, it is essential to use tools such as space-time modelling. By utilising machine learning techniques, space-time modelling allows for the examination of how vegetation is changing over time and space. By analysing the patterns and trends in vegetation, a deeper understanding of the impacts of climate change on the plant kingdom and the ways in which plants are responding to these changes can be gained. This knowledge is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate the negative effects of climate change on vegetation and the ecosystems they support. The presentation will revolve around the role of space-time modelling in understanding the challenges faced by the natural world in a changing environment with two case studies: monitoring of species tree distributions in Europe and future projections of biomes on a global scale.
Early hippocampal high-amplitude rhythmic spikes predict post-traumatic epilepsy in mice
Creators: name: Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Fernando
name: Dirickson, Rina
name: Shen, Yuyan
name: Shannon, Tyler
name: Cotter, Christopher
name: Rajjoub, Noora
name: Fitzgerald, Julie
name: Gu, Bin
name: Kokiko-Cochran, Olga
name: Levine, Noah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Oscillations, a highly conserved brain function across mammalian species, play a pivotal role in both brain physiology and pathology. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) frequently results in subacute and chronic alterations in brain oscillations, which are often associated with complications like post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) in patients and animal models. We recently conducted longitudinal recordings of local field potential from the contralateral hippocampus of 12 strains of recombinant inbred Collaborative Cross (CC) mice and classical laboratory inbred C57BL/6 J mice after lateral fluid percussion injury. In this study, we profiled the acute (<12 h post-injury) and subacute (12–48 h post-injury) hippocampal oscillatory responses to TBI and evaluated their predictive value for PTE. We found dynamic high-amplitude rhythmic spikes with elevated power density and reduced signal complexity that prevailed exclusively during the acute phase in CC031 mice, which later developed PTE. This characteristic early brain oscillatory alteration was absent in CC031 sham controls, as well as in other CC strains and reference C57BL/6 J mice that did not develop PTE after TBI. Our findings offer quantitative measures linking early hippocampal brain oscillation to PTE at a population level in mice. These insights enhance understanding of circuit mechanisms and suggest potential targets for neuromodulatory intervention.
A USABILITY STUDY OF THE INTELLIGENT ASSISTANT FOR SENIOR CITIZENS TO SEEK HEALTH INFORMATION
Creators: name: Hu, Silu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This research study expands earlier works on the usability performance of multimodal intelligent assistants in the field of health information search by senior citizens. Intelligent assistants are able to bring the health information search to an advanced level by having conversations and touch interactions with the device instead of text-based searching engine. It is important to have usability evaluation of system and device to push the design and development of the information search and retrieval experience to be better. With the growth of the market and user need in the field of multimodal intelligent personal assistants, it is absolutely necessary to conduct research to understand the performance of the current system and figure out the present weaknesses and direction for future improvements.
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1266
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1479 fr. 13 col. 2 sup. Epicurus, De natura 28
Drawing by Carlo Orazi
Editorial: Insights in extreme microbiology: 2023
Creators: name: Teske, Andreas
name: Oger, Philippe M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Just before the fall semester appears on the academic event horizon, the Research
Topic “Insights in extreme microbiology: 2023” collects some interesting studies of 2023
and presents them to the audience of 2024. Fittingly for summer heat waves, this Research
Topic is dominated by the theme of desiccation-, heat-, and radiation-resistant bacteria,
which account for 3 of 8 papers. Two contributions focus on cell growth-inhibiting
compounds from thermophiles and marine fungi, and the Research Topic is rounded off
by diverse studies on microbial cesium resistance, extreme pressure tolerance, and coldadapted
Antarctic sediment communities. The studies were contributed by research groups
based in China and Japan (2 each), Germany, Poland, the USA and Korea (1 each), and thus
continue the trend toward geographical diversification of microbiological research, a trend
that was noted in previous “Insights in extreme microbiology” editorials. Readers from all
walks of (microbial) life should find something rewarding in the 2023 Research Topic.
Neural Signatures of Affective Processing in PTSD
Creators: name: Watson, Colleen J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Emotional regulation is a fundamental aspect of adaptive behavior that is often disrupted in
patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The goal of the present study was to
examine the neural correlates of social emotional processing in PTSD and their association with
PTSD symptom severity.
Methods: 100 veterans with PTSD and 20 healthy controls without PTSD or military history
underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while completing an emotional facematching
task. Additionally, subjects completed the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale
(CAPS), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), and DKEFS Color-Word interference tasks. I
hypothesized that the PTSD group would show greater emotional reactivity compared to control
subjects in that veterans would show greater amygdala and limbic and less medial frontal cortex
(mFC) activity. I further hypothesized that hyperarousal of the amygdala in the PTSD group
would be associated with greater CAPS, BIS, and lower DKEFS Color-Word interference scores.
Results: Veterans demonstrated greater mFC and posterior temporal fusiform cortex (ptFC)
activity than controls during faces, and greater mFC, ptFC, and orbito-frontal cortex (OFC)
activity than controls in the shapes block. No differences were found in amygdala activation or
error rates. There were many significant correlations between regional brain activation and
clinical measures, notably, between the right amygdala and total CAPS scores.
Conclusions: Hyperarousal of the mFC and OFC in PTSD suggests a compensatory mechanism
of affective regulation. The mFC showed a direct relationship to the amygdala, contradicting
previous research. Deficits in several regions correspond to more severe PTSD symptoms,
indicating that these regions may be instrumental in emotional regulation. Increased activation to
shapes corresponds to increased PTSD symptoms, suggesting that inappropriate limbic activation
is associated with PTSD symptoms. Future research should explore white matter connectivity
and volumetric differences among the areas discussed here, and how they relate to PTSD
symptomatology, in order to develop more targeted interventions against PTSD.
Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Incident Diabetes by Viral Variant: Findings From the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C)
Creators: name: Wong, Rachel
name: Bramante, Carolyn T.
name: Stürmer, Til
name: Johnson, Steven G.
name: Wiggen, Talia
name: Yeh, Hsin-Chieh
name: Hall, Margaret A.
name: Buse, John B.
name: N3C Consortium
name: Wilkins, Kenneth J.
name: Turner, Lindsey E.
name: Reusch, Jane
name: Huling, Jared D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has evolved over time by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant, disease severity, treatment, and prevention. There is evidence of an elevated risk of incident diabetes after COVID-19; our objective was to evaluate whether this association is consistent across time and with contemporary viral variants. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C) data to evaluate incident diabetes risk among COVID-positive adults compared with COVID-negative patients or control patients with acute respiratory illness (ARI). Cohorts were weighted on demographics, data site, and Charlson comorbidity index score. The primary outcome was the cumulative incidence ratio (CIR) of incident diabetes for each viral variant era. RESULTS: Risk of incident diabetes 1 year after COVID-19 was increased for patients with any viral variant compared with COVID-negative control patients (ancestral CIR 1.16 [95% CI 1.12-1.21]; Alpha CIR 1.14 [95% CI 1.11-1.17]; Delta CIR 1.17 [95% CI 1.13-1.21]; Omicron CIR 1.13 [95% CI 1.10-1.17]) and control patients with ARI (ancestral CIR 1.17 [95% CI 1.11-1.22]; Alpha CIR 1.14 [95% CI 1.09-1.19]; Delta CIR 1.18 [95% CI 1.11-1.26]; Omicron CIR 1.20 [95% CI 1.13-1.27]). There was latency in the timing of incident diabetes risk with the Omicron variant; in contrast with other variants, the risk presented after 180 days. CONCLUSIONS: Incident diabetes risk after COVID-19 was similar across different SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, there was greater latency in diabetes onset in the Omicron variant era.
Physicians' End-of-Life Healthcare Decision-Making
Creators: name: Kaakour, Dalia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Through a qualitative approach, this thesis seeks to gain a better understanding of end-oflife
healthcare decision-making among physicians as well as among non-physician elderly
individuals. I investigate both attitudes and knowledge regarding advance directives, decision-making
concerning end-of-life healthcare, and the patient-doctor relationship in order to
understand why physicians make relatively more conservative end-of-life healthcare decisions
than the general public does. Ten non-physician individuals living in retirement communities
primarily in the Chapel Hill/Durham area and ten physicians of different specialties working in
this region were interviewed. Using non-physician participants’ and physicians’ own words, this
study explains the different factors important to these two groups in the end-of-life healthcare
decision-making process. Results indicate that the current healthcare system regarding end-of-life
healthcare defaults to life-prolonging treatments which non-physician individuals are
generally ill-informed about and do not want. Physicians’ backgrounds and experiences greatly
influence their personal decision-making and their ability to successfully navigate the healthcare
system. Non-physicians and physicians did not desire heroic measures and the role of families
was essential to both groups. These results suggest that non-physician individuals are generally
not receiving the end-of-life circumstances they desire due to ineffectiveness of the PSDA and
the unsuccessful implementation of advance directives as well as barriers in communication.
Final Masses of Giant Planets II: Jupiter Formation in a Gas-Depleted Disk
Creators: name: Tanigawa, Takayuki
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Firstly, we study the final masses of giant planets growing in protoplanetary disks through capture of disk gas, by employing an empirical formula for the gas capture rate and a shallow disk gap model, which are both based on hydrodynamical simulations. The shallow disk gaps cannot terminate growth of giant planets. For planets less massive than 10 Jupiter masses, their growth rates are mainly controlled by the gas supply through the global disk accretion, rather than their gaps. The insufficient gas supply compared with the rapid gas capture causes a depletion of the gas surface density even at the outside of the gap, which can create an inner hole in the protoplanetary disk. Our model can also predict the depleted gas surface density in the inner hole for a given planet mass. Secondly, our findings are applied to the formation of our solar system. For the formation of Jupiter, a very low-mass gas disk with a few or several Jupiter masses is required at the beginning of its gas capture because of the non-stopping capture. Such a low-mass gas disk with sufficient solid material can be formed through viscous evolution from an initially $\sim$10AU-sized compact disk with the solar composition. By the viscous evolution with a moderate viscosity of $α\sim 10^{-3}$, most of disk gas accretes onto the sun and a widely spread low-mass gas disk remains when the solid core of Jupiter starts gas capture at $t \sim 10^7$ yrs. The depletion of the disk gas is suitable for explaining the high metallicity in giant planets of our solar system. A very low-mass gas disk also provides a plausible path where type I and II planetary migrations are both suppressed significantly. In particular, we also show that the type II migration of Jupiter-size planets becomes inefficient because of the additional gas depletion due to the rapid gas capture by themselves.
description: 36 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ
Robustness and Closeness Centrality for Self-Organized and Planned Cities
Creators: name: Masucci, A. Paolo
name: Molinero, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Street networks are important infrastructural transportation systems that cover a great part of the planet. It is now widely accepted that transportation properties of street networks are better understood in the interplay between the street network itself and the so called \textit{information} or \textit{dual network}, which embeds the topology of the street network navigation system. In this work, we present a novel robustness analysis, based on the interaction between the primal and the dual transportation layer for two large metropolis, London and Chicago, thus considering the structural differences to intentional attacks for \textit{self-organized} and planned cities. We elaborate the results through an accurate closeness centrality analysis in the Euclidean space and in the relationship between primal and dual space. Interestingly enough, we find that even if the considered planar graphs display very distinct properties, the information space induce them to converge toward systems which are similar in terms of transportation properties.
Evaluation and Optimal Design of a Balanced Diet
Creators: name: Cai, Manyang
name: Chen, Zijian
name: Cao, Yongshi
name: Hu, Linchao
name: Guo, Hongpeng
name: Zhang, Kemeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Malnutrition has led to growth retardation in many adolescents and health deterioration in adults all over the world. Recently, there has been increasing attention on balanced diets as a preventive measure. This study evaluates the daily diet of a student, aiming to optimize the amino acid score (AAS) across three meals per day. By using balanced diet criteria as constraints, we established a single-objective nonlinear programming model, maximizing AAS as the objective function. The model was solved by using a simulated annealing algorithm, and we obtained a diet that is both balanced and high in AAS. This study helps to raise awareness about individual nutritional needs and provides guidance for dietary structure improvements, thereby contributing to global public health enhancement.
Physiographic features and stratification types of coarse-grained point bars: modern and ancient examples
Creators: name: McGowen, J. H.
name: Garner, L. E.
Publisher: name: University of Texas at Austin. Bureau of Economic Geology
Year: 1975
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic
Physical geography

description: Bureau Publication GC7509 - to purchase a print copy please go to: https://store.beg.utexas.edu/geologic-circulars/419-gc7509.html
description: Primary sedimentary structures in modern point-bar deposits of the Amite River in Louisiana and the Colorado River in Texas are analogous to features observed in Eocene Simsboro and Pleistocene Colorado River deposits of the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain. Short-duration peak flow, channel pattern, average stream gradient of about 2 to 3 ft/mi, and bank stabilization by dense vegetation are major parameters controlling the depositional pattern of coarse sand and pebble gravel of the Amite and Colorado Rivers. Stratification is directly related to specific depositional features and consists of: large-scale trough-fill cross-stratification in the scour pool; trough-fill cross-stratification and foreset cross-stratification in the lower point bar; parallel laminae, large foreset cross-stratification, and trough-fill cross-stratification in the chute bar, parallel-inclined laminae, climbing ripple laminae, and mud drapes in the chute fill, and parallel inclined laminae, mud drape, and foreset crossstratification in overbank, floodplain deposits. Fundamental differences between point bars of bed-load streams (low suspended load/bed-load ratio) and mixed-load streams (high suspended load/bed-load ratio) are that upper point-bar sed iments with small trough sets and parallel-inclined laminae occur only in fine-grained (mixed load) fluvial deposits, and large-scale foresets of chute bars are common to coarse-grained (bed load) fluvial deposits but are not found in fine-grained fluvial deposits. Upward-fining sequences, characteristic of fine-grained fluvial deposits, are uncommon in sediments deposited by bed-load streams such as the Amite and Colorado Rivers. The Simsboro Sandstone consists mainly of scour-pool, lower point-bar, and chute-bar sediments. Chute-fill and floodplain deposits are preserved only in the highest stratigraphic sequence. Pleistocene Colorado River deposits display the same sequence of stratification types as the Simsboro but are composed of coarser material.