Farfantepenaeus subtilis Perez Farfante 1967, s. str.
Creators: name: Tavares, Carolina
name: Gusmão, Jaqueline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Penaeidae
Farfantepenaeus
Farfantepenaeus subtilis

description: Farfantepenaeus subtilis (Pérez Farfante, 1967) s. str.
Penaeus aztecus subtilis Pérez Farfante, 1967: 87 [in partim], fig. 2a, male. Penaeus (Melicertus) subtilis Pérez Farfante, 1969: 546 –555, fig. 51a.
Material examined. Holotype—USNM 119130, off Gallinas Point, Departamento de la Guajira, Colombia, 174m, 9 October 1965, Oregon Sta. 5685, 12°29'N, 71°54'W.
Paratypes—USNM 119131, 2 females, off Gallinas Point, Departamento de la Guajira, Colombia, 174m, 9 October 1965, Oregon Sta. 5685, 12°29'N, 71°54'W. USNM 254160, 1 male, off Bocas del Toro, Panama, 91–97 m, 26 January 1971, Pillsbury sta. 1313, 9°27’N, 82°12’W. USNM 1192289, 1 male, Bocas del Toro, Panama, 91– 97 m, 26 January 1971, Pillsbury sta. 1313, 9°27’N, 82°12’W. USNM 140244, 1 male, near Icacos Point, Trinidad and Tobago, March 1951. USNM 1192290, 1 male, near Icacos Point, Trinidad and Tobago, March 1951. USNM 1192291, 1 female, off French Guiana, 66 m, 2 May 1969, Oregon II Sta. 10559, 6°54’N, 53’W. USNM 1192295, 1 female, Gulf of Venezuela, Venezuela, 12 June 1964.
Complementary material from Brazil. LGP 925, 1 male, cc:22.3 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 926, 1 male, cc: 21.8 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 927, 1 female, cc: 25.4 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 928, 1 female, cc: 28.8 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 929, 1 female, cc: 22.7 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 930, 1 female, cc: 24.3 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 931, 1 female, cc: 29.4 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 933, 1 female, cc:25.7 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 934, 1 female, cc: 26.0 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 935, 1 female, cc: 27.5 mm, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil; LGP 951, 1 male, cc: Porto de Galinhas, Pernambuco, Brazil; LGP 1745, 1 male, cc: 28.8 mm, Atins, Maranhão, Brazil; LGP 1750, 1 female, cc: 34.6 mm, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil; LGP 1751, 1 female, cc: 29.0 mm, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil; LGP 1755, 1 female, Atins, Maranhão, Brazil.
Description. Rostrum long, reaching, at least, distal margin of antenular peduncle, sinuous in shape, with apical portion markedly upturned. Dorsal rostral spines 9–10. Ventral rostral spines 1–2. Ventral spines in the same direction of the two distalmost dorsal spines or the second ventral spine position is between the two distalmost dorsal spines and the first ventral spine is anterior to the first dorsal spine. Hepatic and antennal spines present (Fig. 1 A). Carapace, adrostral carina long, almost reaching posterior edge of carapace. Adrostral sulcus width equal throughout its length. Median sulcus shallow, often interrupted, ending well anterior to posterior end of adrostral sulcus (Fig. 1 B).
Pereopod 1, ischium and coxae with long spine on the inner margin; propodus with robust setae tuft on the inner margin of proximal region; carpus with robust setae tuft on the inner margin of distal region. Pereopod 2, coxae with distal spine on the inner margin. Pereopod 3, carpus about 1.5x longer than merus. Pereopods 4 and 5, dactyl and propodus with lateral margins setose.
Thelycum, anterior process of median protuberance with anterior edge rounded, lateral margins thick; anterior process as wide as long; posterior process of median protuberance with foliaceous shape, inner region deep; lateral plates with anterior edge almost straight (Fig. 2 A).
Petasma, lateral view, with ventral costa slightly bigger than median lobe; distal fold bigger than ventral costa; inner margin of the distal fold with hooked setae. (Fig. 2 B).
Abdominal carina from the posterior half of pleonite 4 to pleonite 6. Pleonite 6 with three small cicatrices on the lateral region. Telson unarmed, with a dorsal sulcus. Uropods unarmed.
Type locality. off Gallinas Point, Departamento de la Guajira, Colombia.
Distribution. Bocas del Toro, Panama; Gallinas Point, Colombia; Icacos Point, Trinidad and Tobago; Gulf of Venezuela, Venezuela; off French Guiana; Brazil (Fortaleza, Ceará; from Recife to Porto de Galinhas, Pernambuco; Ilhéus, Bahia; Vitória, Espírito Santo) (Fig. 6).
Remarks. The examination of the type series at the USNM Crustacea Collection, revealed that Farfantepenaeus subtilis s. l. holotype corresponds to the descriptions of the population P2 (Pérez Farfante, 1969) and the morphotype MII (Maggioni, 1996) (table 1). According to Maggioni (1996) and D’Incao et al. (1998), using allozymes, this morphotype II corresponded to an equatorial population of F. paulensis. However, Gusmão et al. (2000) using not only allozymes, but also COI, found that MII and F. paulensis are different species. This study is in agreement with Gusmão et al. (2000) and here we described MII as F. subtilis s.str .. The differentiation of F. subtilis s. str. and F. paulensis is supported by some morphological characters, such as the width of the adrostral sulcus, that is equal throughout its length in F. subtilis s. str., while it tapers to the posterior end in F. paulensis; the length of the distal fold of the petasma of F. subtilis, which is longer than the median lobe, while in F. paulensis the distal fold is much longer than the other parts that cover them all, like a cap; the anterior region of anterior process of thelycum of F. s ub t l i s is rounded, while in F. paulensis it is triangular; lateral plates of thelycum with anterior edge almost straight in F. subtilis, and clearly convex in F. paulensis. Additionally, the molecular analysis performed herein also reinforces the existence of a new species, correspondent to MII and different of F. paulensis.
description: Published as part of Tavares, Carolina & Gusmão, Jaqueline, 2016, Description of a new Penaeidae (Decapoda: Dendrobranchiata) species, Farfantepenaeus isabelae sp. nov., pp. 505-516 in Zootaxa 4171 (3) on pages 507-509, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4171.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/256252