cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Triple arrays from difference sets
Creators: name: Nilson, Tomas
name: Cameron, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B05, 05B10, 05B15, 05B30, 62K10

description: This paper addresses the question whether triple arrays can be constructed from Youden squares developed from difference sets. We prove that if the difference set is abelian, then having $-1$ as multiplier is both a necessary and sufficient condition for the construction to work. Using this, we are able to give a new infinite family of triple arrays. We also give an alternative and more direct version of the construction, leaving out the intermediate step via Youden squares. This is used when we analyse the case of non-abelian difference sets, for which we prove a sufficient condition for giving triple arrays. We do a computer search for such non-abelian difference sets, but have not found any examples satisfying the given condition.
Implications for (d,p) reaction theory from nonlocal dispersive optical model analysis of $^{40}$Ca(d,p)$^{41}$Ca
Creators: name: Waldecker, S. J.
name: Timofeyuk, N. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlocal dispersive optical model (NLDOM) nucleon potentials are used for the first time in the adiabatic analysis of a (d,p) reaction to generate distorted waves both in the entrance and exit channels. These potentials were designed and fitted by Mahzoon $et \text{ } al.$ [Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 162502 (2014)] to constrain relevant single-particle physics in a consistent way by imposing the fundamental properties, such as nonlocality, energy-dependence and dispersive relations, that follow from the complex nature of nuclei. However, the NLDOM prediction for the $^{40}$Ca(d,p)$^{41}$Ca cross sections at low energy, typical for some modern radioactive beam ISOL facilities, is about 70$\%$ higher than the experimental data despite being reduced by the NLDOM spectroscopic factor of 0.73. This overestimation comes most likely either from insufficient absorption or due to constructive interference between ingoing and outgoing waves. This indicates strongly that additional physics arising from many-body effects is missing in the widely used current versions of (d,p) reaction theories.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
Neck Analysis of Extrinsic Polyharmonic Maps
Creators: name: Ai, Wanjun
name: Yin, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J60 (Primary), 35B99 (Secondary)

description: We prove the energy identity and the no neck property for a sequence of smooth extrinsic polyharmonic maps with bounded total energy.
description: 28pages, all comments are welcome!
First-principles dynamics of electrons and phonons
Creators: name: Bernardi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations combining density functional theory and many-body perturbation theory can provide microscopic insight into the dynamics of electrons and phonons in materials. We review this theoretical and computational framework, focusing on perturbative treatments of scattering, dynamics and transport of coupled electrons and phonons. We discuss application of these first-principles calculations to electronics, lighting, spectroscopy and renewable energy.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Marangoni elasticity of flowing soap films
Creators: name: Kim, Ildoo
name: Mandre, Shreyas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the Marangoni elasticity of a flowing soap film to be 22 dyne/cm irrespective of its width, thickness, flow speed, or the bulk soap concentration. We perform this measurement by generating an oblique shock in the soap film and measuring the shock angle, flow speed and thickness. We postulate that the elasticity is constant because the film surface is crowded with soap molecules. Our method allows non-destructive measurement of flowing soap film elasticity, and the value 22 dyne/cm is likely applicable to other similarly constructed flowing soap films.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Could wormholes form in dark matter galactic halos?
Creators: name: Rahaman, Farook
name: Shit, G. C.
name: Sen, Banashree
name: Ray, Saibal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate expression for velocity as a function of the radial coordinate $r$ by using polynomial interpolation based on the experimental data of rotational velocities at distant outer regions of galaxies. The interpolation technique has been used to estimate fifth degree polynomial followed by cubic spline interpolation. This rotational velocity is used to find the geometry of galactic halo regions within the framework of Einstein's general relativity. In this letter we have analyzed features of galactic halo regions based on two possible choices for the dark matter density profile, viz. Navarro, Frenk \& White (NFW) type~\citep{Navarro1996} and Universal Rotation Curve (URC) ~\citep{Castignani2012}. It is argued that spacetime of the galactic halo possesses some of the characteristics needed to support traversable wormholes.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
A Simple Experimental Model to Investigate Force Range for Membrane Nanotube Formation
Creators: name: Lor, Chai
name: Lopes, Joseph D.
name: Mattson-Hoss, Michelle K.
name: Xu, Jing
name: Hirst, Linda S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of membrane tubules in living cells is essential to many biological processes. In cells, one mechanism to form nanosized lipid tubules is via molecular motor induced bilayer extraction. In this paper, we describe a simple experimental model to investigate the forces required for lipid tube formation using kinesin motors anchored to DOPC vesicles. Previous related studies have used molecular motors actively pulling on the membrane to extract a nanotube. Here, we invert the system geometry; molecular motors are used as static anchors linking DOPC vesicles to a two-dimensional microtubule network and an external flow is introduced to generate nanotubes facilitated by the drag force. We found that a drag force of ~7 pN was sufficient for tubule extraction for vesicles ranging from 1 to 2 um in radius. By our method, we found that the force generated by a single molecular motor was sufficient for membrane tubule extraction from a spherical lipid vesicle.
Data from: Measuring motivation for forage in feedlot cattle fed a high-concentrate diet using a short-term thwarting test
Creators: name: Coon, Rachael E
name: Tucker, Cassandra Blaine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Beef
Cattle
forage
roughage
feeding
Motivation

description: A thwarting test, where animals are able to interact with feed but not consume it, can be used to measure how valued the resource is. It is expected that feedlot cattle will be motivated to access additional roughage because of its potential to alleviate symptoms of ruminal acidosis caused by high-concentrate rations. The objective of this study was to measure how motivated cattle fed a high-concentrate diet are to access additional forage, when offered it freely for 8 short exposures before being prevented from consuming the resource, in a thwarting test. Eighteen animals, fed a finishing ration ad-libitum, were offered a small amount of either beardless wheat hay (WH; n=9) or their primary diet (TMR; n=9) in a plastic bin twice daily for a maximum of 1 h over 4 d (exposures 1-8). Then on the 5th day (thwarting test), animals were given access to but prevented from consuming their treatment diet by covering it with wire for 30 min. There was no evidence of treatment differences detected during the thwarting test. This may indicate there was adequate roughage in the primary diet to satisfy motivation for thwarted WH. Animals were quick to approach the treatments (average latency less than 30 s) during the test, possibly indicating motivation to access both. Unlike the thwarting test, behavioural responses to the treatments differed in the exposures, when cattle showed more interest in the TMR than the WH. Interacting with the bin by moving it with their muzzles was observed more often for TMR animals than WH animals in exposures 7 and 8 (P=0.07 and 0.04, respectively). There was no evidence that latency to approach the bin differed by treatment or exposure (P>0.1). These findings provide some evidence in support the theory that animals will seek out a high-energy diet such as the TMR, because it is more calorically-dense, and likely more palatable. However, these data do not support the hypothesis that finishing cattle will be more motivated to access WH than TMR when thwarted from doing so.
description: Please see the assoicated README file.
description: Please see the associated research publication for methodological details.
Meridian Surfaces with Constant Mean Curvature in Pseudo-Euclidean 4-space with Neutral Metric
Creators: name: Bulca, Betul
name: Milousheva, Velichka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A35, 53B30, 53B25

description: In the present paper we consider a special class of Lorentz surfaces in the four-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space with neutral metric which are one-parameter systems of meridians of rotational hypersurfaces with timelike or spacelike axis and call them meridian surfaces. We give the complete classification of minimal and quasi-minimal meridian surfaces. We also classify the meridian surfaces with non-zero constant mean curvature.
description: 15 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1606.00047
Characterization of Effective Capacity in Antenna Selection MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Lari, Mohammad
name: Mohammadi, Abbas
name: Abdipour, Abdolali
name: Lee, Inkyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this Paper, the effective capacity of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system in two different cases with receive antenna selection (RAS) and transmit antenna selection (TAS) schemes is investigated. A closed-form solution for the maximum constant arrival rate of this network with statistical delay quality of service (QoS) constraint is extracted in the quasi-static fading channel. This study is conducted in two different cases. When channel state information (CSI) is not available at the MIMO transmitter, implementation of TAS is difficult. Therefore, RAS scheme is employed and one antenna with the maximum instantaneous signal to noise ratio (SNR) is chosen at the receiver. On the other hand, when CSI is available at the transmitter, TAS scheme is executed. In this case one antenna is selected at the transmitter. Moreover, an optimal power-control policy is applied to the selected antenna and the effective capacity of the MIMO system is derived. Finally, this optimal power adaptation and the effective capacity are investigated in two asymptotic cases with the loose and strict QoS requirements. In particular, we show that in the TAS scheme with the loose QoS restriction, the effective capacity converges to the ergodic capacity. Then, an exact closed-form solution is obtained for the ergodic capacity of the channel here.
description: Journal of Communications and Networks, Volume: 15, Issue: 5, Oct. 2013
Intra-chain organisation of hydrophobic residues controls inter-chain aggregation rates of amphiphilic polymers
Creators: name: Varilly, Patrick
name: Willard, Adam P.
name: Kirkegaard, Julius B.
name: Knowles, Tuomas P. J.
name: Chandler, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Aggregation of amphiphiles through the action of hydrophobic interactions is a common feature in soft condensed matter systems and is of particular importance in the context of biophysics as it underlies both the generation of functional biological machinery as well as the formation of pathological misassembled states of proteins. Here we explore the aggregation behaviour of amphiphilic polymers using lattice Monte-Carlo calculations and show that the distribution of hydrophobic residues within the polymer sequence determines the facility with which dry/wet interfaces can be created and that such interfaces drive the aggregation process.
ACTN3: more than just a gene for speed
Creators: name: Pickering, Craig
name: Kiely, John
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321006
subject: Sport and exercise nutrition

description: Over the last couple of decades, research has focused on attempting to understand the genetic influence on sports performance. This has led to the identification of a number of candidate genes which may help differentiate between elite and non-elite athletes. One of the most promising genes in that regard is ACTN3, which has commonly been referred to as “a gene for speed”. Recent research has examined the influence of this gene on other performance phenotypes, including exercise adaptation, exercise recovery, and sporting injury risk. In this review, we identified 19 studies exploring these phenotypes. Whilst there was large variation in the results of these studies, as well as extremely heterogeneous cohorts, there is overall a tentative consensus that ACTN3 genotype can impact the phenotypes of interest. In particular, the R allele of a common polymorphism (R577X) is associated with enhanced improvements in strength, protection from eccentric training-induced muscle damage, and sports injury. This illustrates that ACTN3 is more than just a gene for speed, with potentially wide-ranging influence on muscle function, knowledge of which may aid in the future personalization of exercise training programmes.
Effect of the Conserving Base Requirement on the Response to the Set-Aside Program in the Great Plains
Creators: name: Miller, Thomas A.
name: Vermeer, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Soon after the congressional enactment of the 1973 Farm Act, Secretary of Agriculture Earl L. Butz announced that: There will be no set-aside requirement and no restriction on planting for the 1974 crop program and there will be no conserving base requirement for the 1974 through 1977 crop years, the duration of the Agriculture and Consumer Protection Act of 1973. With this statement Secretary Butz considerably reduced the options available to control production during the latter years of the 1973 Farm Act, should such control appear desirable. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the possible impact of the decision by Secretary Butz to lift the conserving base requirement from program participants. The specific objective is to estimate the possible effect of this decision if set-aside is required in the Great Plains in 1975.
description: Contributed paper presented at the Western Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting Moscow, Idaho, July 25, 1974.
Deep Image Processing with Spatial Adaptation and Boosted Efficiency & Supervision for Accurate Human Keypoint Detection and Movement Dynamics Tracking
Creators: name: Dai, Chao Yang
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computer Vision
Artificial Intelligence
Human Keypoint Estimation
Deep Learning
Spatial Transformers

description: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
description: This thesis aims to design and develop the spatial adaptation approach through spatial transformers to improve the accuracy of human keypoint recognition models. We have studied different model types and design choices to gain an accuracy increase over models without spatial transformers and analyzed how spatial transformers increase the accuracy of predictions. A neural network called Widenet has been leveraged as a specialized network for providing the parameters for the spatial transformer. Further, we have evaluated methods to reduce the model parameters, as well as the strategy to enhance the learning supervision for further improving the performance of the model. Our experiments and results have shown that the proposed deep learning framework can effectively detect the human key points, compared with the baseline methods. Also, we have reduced the model size without significantly impacting the performance, and the enhanced supervision has improved the performance. This study is expected to greatly advance the deep learning of human key points and movement dynamics.
Online Learning of Event Definitions
Creators: name: Katzouris, Nikos
name: Artikis, Alexander
name: Paliouras, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Systems for symbolic event recognition infer occurrences of events in time using a set of event definitions in the form of first-order rules. The Event Calculus is a temporal logic that has been used as a basis in event recognition applications, providing among others, direct connections to machine learning, via Inductive Logic Programming (ILP). We present an ILP system for online learning of Event Calculus theories. To allow for a single-pass learning strategy, we use the Hoeffding bound for evaluating clauses on a subset of the input stream. We employ a decoupling scheme of the Event Calculus axioms during the learning process, that allows to learn each clause in isolation. Moreover, we use abductive-inductive logic programming techniques to handle unobserved target predicates. We evaluate our approach on an activity recognition application and compare it to a number of batch learning techniques. We obtain results of comparable predicative accuracy with significant speed-ups in training time. We also outperform hand-crafted rules and match the performance of a sound incremental learner that can only operate on noise-free datasets. This paper is under consideration for acceptance in TPLP.
description: Paper presented at the 32nd International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2016), New York City, USA, 16-21 October 2016, 15 pages, LaTeX, 1 PDF figure
Cooperative Protofilament Switching Emerges from Inter-Motor Interference in Multiple-Motor Transport
Creators: name: Ando, David
name: Mattson, Michelle K.
name: Xu, Jing
name: Gopinathan, Ajay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Within living cells, the transport of cargo is accomplished by groups of molecular motors. Such collective transport could utilize mechanisms which emerge from inter-motor interactions in ways that are yet to be fully understood. Here we combined experimental measurements of two-kinesin transport with a theoretical framework to investigate the functional ramifications of inter-motor interactions on individual motor function and collective cargo transport. In contrast to kinesin's low sidestepping frequency when present as a single motor, with exactly two kinesins per cargo, we observed substantial motion perpendicular to the microtubule. Our model captures a surface-associated mode of kinesin, which is only accessible via inter-motor interference in groups, in which kinesin diffuses along the microtubule surface and rapidly "hops" between protofilaments without dissociating from the microtubule. Critically, each kinesin transitions dynamically between the active stepping mode and this weak surface-associated mode enhancing local exploration of the microtubule surface, possibly enabling cellular cargos to overcome macromolecular crowding and to navigate obstacles along microtubule tracks without sacrificing overall travel distance.
Meridian Surfaces with Parallel Normalized Mean Curvature Vector Field in Pseudo-Euclidean 4-space with Neutral Metric
Creators: name: Bulca, Betul
name: Milousheva, Velichka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A35, 53B30, 53B25

description: We construct a special class of Lorentz surfaces in the pseudo-Euclidean 4-space with neutral metric which are one-parameter systems of meridians of rotational hypersurfaces with timelike or spacelike axis and call them meridian surfaces. We give the complete classification of the meridian surfaces with parallel mean curvature vector field. We also classify the meridian surfaces with parallel normalized mean curvature vector. We show that in the family of the meridian surfaces there exist Lorentz surfaces which have parallel normalized mean curvature vector field but not parallel mean curvature vector.
description: 15 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1606.00044
The far-infrared - radio correlation in dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Beck, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The far-infrared - radio correlation connects star formation and magnetic fields in galaxies, and has been confirmed over a large range of far-infrared luminosities. Recent investigations indicate that it may even hold in the regime of local dwarf galaxies, and we explore here the expected behavior in the regime of star formation surface densities below 0.1 M_sun kpc^{-2} yr^{-1}. We derive two conditions that can be particularly relevant for inducing a change in the expected correlation: a critical star formation surface density to maintain the correlation between star formation rate and the magnetic field, and a critical star formation surface density below which cosmic ray diffusion losses dominate over their injection via supernova explosions. For rotation periods shorter than 1.5x10^7 (H/kpc)^2 yrs, with H the scale height of the disk, the first correlation will break down before diffusion losses are relevant, as higher star formation rates are required to maintain the correlation between star formation rate and magnetic field strength. For high star formation surface densities Sigma_SFR, we derive a characteristic scaling of the non-thermal radio to the far-infrared / infrared emission with Sigma_SFR^{1/3}, corresponding to a scaling of the non-thermal radio luminosity L_s with the infrared luminosity L_{th} as L_{th}^{4/3}. The latter is expected to change when the above processes are no longer steadily maintained. In the regime of long rotation periods, we expect a transition towards a steeper scaling with Sigma_SFR^{2/3}, implying L_s~L_th^{5/3}, while the regime of fast rotation is expected to show a considerably enhanced scatter. These scaling relations explain the increasing thermal fraction of the radio emission observed within local dwarfs, and can be tested with future observations by the SKA and its precursor radio telescopes.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, accepted at A&A
Measurements and analysis of optical crosstalk in a microwave kinetic inductance detector array
Creators: name: Bisigello, L.
name: Yates, S. J. C.
name: Ferrari, L.
name: Baselmans, J. J. A.
name: Baryshev, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main advantage of Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector arrays (MKID) is their multiplexing capability, which allows for building cameras with a large number of pixels and good sensitivity, particularly suitable to perform large blank galaxy surveys. However, to have as many pixels as possible it is necessary to arrange detectors close in readout frequency. Consequently KIDs overlap in frequency and are coupled to each other producing crosstalk. Because crosstalk can be only minimised by improving the array design, in this work we aim to correct for this effect a posteriori. We analysed a MKID array consisting of 880 KIDs with readout frequencies at 4-8 GHz. We measured the beam patterns for every detector in the array and described the response of each detector by using a two-dimensional Gaussian fit. Then, we identified detectors affected by crosstalk above -30 dB level from the maximum and removed the signal of the crosstalking detectors. Moreover, we modelled the crosstalk level for each KID as a function of the readout frequency separation starting from the assumption that the transmission of a KID is a Lorenztian function in power. We were able to describe the general crosstalk level of the array and the crosstalk of each KID within 5 dB, so enabling the design of future arrays with the crosstalk as a design criterion. In this work, we demonstrate that it is possible to process MKID images a posteriori to decrease the crosstalk effect, subtracting the response of each coupled KID from the original map.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, Proc. SPIE 9914, Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII, 99143L (July 20, 2016)
Determination of the neutron capture cross sections of 232Th at 14.1 MeV and 14.8 MeV using the neutron activation method
Creators: name: Lan, Chang-Lin
name: Xie, Bao-Lin
name: Peng, Meng
name: Lv, Tao
name: Yao, Ze-en
name: Chen, Jin-Gen
name: Kong, Xiang-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: D.4.8
subject: 28

description: The 232Th(n,γ)233Th neutron capture reaction cross sections were measured at average neutron energies of 14.1 MeV and 14.8 MeV using the activation method. The neutron flux was determined using the monitor reaction 27Al(n,α)24Na. The induced gamma-ray activities were measured using a low background gamma ray spectrometer equipped with a high resolution HPGe detector. The experimentally determined cross sections were compared with the literatures data, evaluated data of ENDF/B-VII, JENDL-4.0, and CENDL-3.1. The Excitation functions of 232Th(n,γ) reaction were also calculated theoretically using the TALYS 1.6 computer code.
description: 8 pages,1 figures and 2 tables
Stochastic Lag Time in Nucleated Linear Self-Assembly
Creators: name: Tiwari, Nitin S.
name: van der Schoot, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protein aggregation is of great importance in biology, e.g., in amyloid fibrillation. The aggregation processes that occur at the cellular scale must be highly stochastic in nature because of the statistical number fluctuations that arise on account of the small system size at the cellular scale. We study the nucleated reversible self-assembly of monomeric building blocks into polymer-like aggregates using the method of kinetic Monte Carlo. Kinetic Monte Carlo, being inherently stochastic, allows us to study the impact of fluctuations on the polymerisation reactions. One of the most important characteristic features in this kind of problem is the existence of a lag phase before self-assembly takes off, which is what we focus attention on. We study the associated lag time as a function of the system size and kinetic pathway. We find that the leading order stochastic contribution to the lag time before polymerisation commences is inversely proportional to the system volume for large-enough system size for all nine reaction pathways tested. Finite-size corrections to this do depend on the kinetic pathway.
High-Fidelity Entangled Bell States via Shortcuts to Adiabaticity
Creators: name: Paul, Koushik
name: Sarma, Amarendra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a couple of protocols based on shortcut to adiabaticity techniques for rapid generation of robust entangled Bell states in a system of two two-state systems. Our protocols rely on the so-called transitionless quantum driving (TQD) algorithm and Lewis-Riesenfeld invariant (LRI) method. Both TQD and LRI methods result in high fidelity in population transfer.Our study shows that it is possible to prepare an entangled state in infinitely short time without losing robustness and efficiency.
Initial-boundary value problems for nearly incompressible vector fields, and applications to the Keyfitz and Kranzer system
Creators: name: Choudhury, Anupam Pal
name: Crippa, Gianluca
name: Spinolo, Laura V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish existence and uniqueness results for initial boundary value problems with nearly incompressible vector fields. We then apply our results to establish well-posedness of the initial-boundary value problem for the Keyfitz and Kranzer system of conservation laws in several space dimensions.
Symmetrized exponential oscillator
Creators: name: Znojil, Miloslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several properties of bound states in potential $ V(x)= g^2\exp (|x|)$ are studied. Firstly, with the emphasis on the reliability of our arbitrary-precision construction, wave functions are considered in the two alternative (viz., asymptotically decreasing or regular) exact Bessel-function forms which obey the asymptotic or matching conditions, respectively. The merits of the resulting complementary transcendental secular equation approaches are compared and their applicability is discussed.
description: 14 pp., 6 figures
title: The value of sourcing social work journals for critical discourse analysis
Creators: name: Morgenshtern, Marina
name: Schmid, Jeanette
Publisher: name: Sage
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social service--Periodicals
subject: Critical discourse analysis

description: Using the contents of journals has been an underutilized research approach in social work. Journal archives represent what has been legitimated in the discipline as well as what forms the dominant social work canon. To theorize about journal archival sourcing as a research method, we cite the limited extant examples, drawing out from these the methodology used. We then make a case for the value of journal mining and in particular from the vantage point of critical social work and critical discourse analysis, position the Foucauldian history of the present as an appropriate tool for analysis. We draw this article together by describing how to employ this research method and argue that this might be an exceptionally useful tool at this point of the discipline’s history.
A generic property of Solovay's set $Σ$
Creators: name: Kanovei, Vladimir
name: Lyubetsky, Vassily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E35 (Primary) 00E40 (Secondary)

description: We prove that Solovay's set $Σ$ is generic over the ground model via a forcing notion whose order relation $\subseteq$-extends the given order relation.
description: 4 pages
Uncertainty Principles for Kac Algebras
Creators: name: Liu, Zhengwei
name: Wu, Jinsong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A30, 81R50, 46L37, 94A15,

description: In this paper, we introduce the notation of bi-shift of biprojections in subfactor theory to unimodular Kac algebras. We characterize the minimizers of Hirschman-Beckner uncertainty principle and Donoho-Stark uncertainty principle for unimodular Kac algebras with biprojections and prove Hardy's uncertainty principle in terms of minimizers.
description: 15 pages
Leniolisib: First Approval
Creators: name: Duggan, Sean
name: Al-Salama, Zaina T.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the author on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Sean Duggan and Zaina Al-Salama are salaried employees of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declare no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable. Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract  Leniolisib (JOENJA®) is an oral selective phosphoinositide 3-kinase-delta (PI3Kδ) inhibitor being developed by Pharming Group NV in-licensed from Novartis for the treatment of immunodeficiency disorders. In March 2023, leniolisib received its first approval for the treatment of activated PI3Kδ syndrome (APDS) in adult and paediatric patients 12 years of age and older. Leniolisib is also under regulatory review in European Union for the treatment of APDS. Development of leniolisib for the treatment of Sjögren’s syndrome has been discontinued. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of leniolisib leading to this first approval for APDS. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
Scalable ion-photon quantum interface based on integrated diffractive mirrors
Creators: name: Ghadimi, M.
name: Blūms, V.
name: Norton, B. G.
name: Fisher, P. M.
name: Connell, S. C.
name: Amini, J. M.
name: Volin, C.
name: Hayden, H.
name: Pai, C. S.
name: Kielpinski, D.
name: Lobino, M.
name: Streed, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum networking links quantum processors through remote entanglement for distributed quantum information processing (QIP) and secure long-range communication. Trapped ions are a leading QIP platform, having demonstrated universal small-scale processors and roadmaps for large-scale implementation. Overall rates of ion-photon entanglement generation, essential for remote trapped ion entanglement, are limited by coupling efficiency into single mode fibres5 and scaling to many ions. Here we show a microfabricated trap with integrated diffractive mirrors that couples 4.1(6)% of the fluorescence from a $^{174}$Yb$^+$ ion into a single mode fibre, nearly triple the demonstrated bulk optics efficiency. The integrated optic collects 5.8(8)% of the π transition fluorescence, images the ion with sub-wavelength resolution, and couples 71(5)% of the collected light into the fibre. Our technology is suitable for entangling multiple ions in parallel and overcomes mode quality limitations of existing integrated optical interconnects. In addition, the efficiencies are sufficient for fault tolerant QIP.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 26 references
Rotation in the Pleiades with K2: I. Data and First Results
Creators: name: Rebull, L. M.
name: Stauffer, J. R.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Cody, A. M.
name: Hillenbrand, L. A.
name: Soderblom, D.
name: Valenti, J.
name: Barrado, D.
name: Bouy, H.
name: Ciardi, D.
name: Pinsonneault, M.
name: Stassun, K.
name: Micela, G.
name: Aigrain, S.
name: Vrba, F.
name: Somers, G.
name: Christiansen, J.
name: Gillen, E.
name: Cameron, A. Collier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young (125 Myr), populous ($>$1000 members), and relatively nearby, the Pleiades has provided an anchor for stellar angular momentum models for both younger and older stars. We used K2 to explore the distribution of rotation periods in the Pleiades. With more than 500 new periods for Pleiades members, we are vastly expanding the number of Pleiads with periods, particularly at the low mass end. About 92\% of the members in our sample have at least one measured spot-modulated rotation period. For the $\sim$8\% of the members without periods, non-astrophysical effects often dominate (saturation, etc.), such that periodic signals might have been detectable, all other things being equal. We now have an unusually complete view of the rotation distribution in the Pleiades. The relationship between $P$ and $(V-K_{\rm s})_0$ follows the overall trends found in other Pleiades studies. There is a slowly rotating sequence for $1.1\lesssim(V-K_{\rm s})_0\lesssim 3.7$, and a primarily rapidly rotating population for $(V-K_{\rm s})_0\gtrsim 5.0$. There is a region in which there seems to be a disorganized relationship between $P$ and $(V-K_{\rm s})_0$ for $3.7 \lesssim(V-K_{\rm s})_0\lesssim 5.0$. Paper II continues the discussion, focusing on multi-period structures, and Paper III speculates about the origin and evolution of the period distribution in the Pleiades.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures; electronic-only tables and figures available upon request to the author. Accepted by AJ
Systematic non-LTE study of the $-2.6 \le$ [Fe/H] $\le 0.2$ F and G dwarfs in the solar neighbourhood. II. Abundance patterns from Li to Eu
Creators: name: Zhao, G.
name: Mashonkina, L.
name: Yan, H. L.
name: Alexeeva, S.
name: Kobayashi, C.
name: Pakhomov, Yu.
name: Shi, J. R.
name: Sitnova, T.
name: Tan, K. F.
name: Zhang, H. W.
name: Zhang, J. B.
name: Zhou, Z. M.
name: Bolte, M.
name: Chen, Y. Q.
name: Li, X.
name: Liu, F.
name: Zhai, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, we present an extensive study of stars with individual non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) abundances for 17 chemical elements from Li to Eu in a sample of stars uniformly distributed over the $-2.62 \le$ [Fe/H] $\le +0.24$ metallicity range that is suitable for the Galactic chemical evolution research. The star sample has been kinematically selected to trace the Galactic thin and thick disks and halo. We find new and improve earlier results as follows. (i) The element-to-iron ratios for Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti form a MP plateau at a similar height of 0.3~dex, and the knee occurs at common [Fe/H] $\simeq -0.8$. The knee at the same metallicity is observed for [O/Fe], and the MP plateau is formed at [O/Fe] = 0.61. (ii) The upward trend of [C/O] with decreasing metallicity exists at [Fe/H] $< -1.2$, supporting the earlier finding of Akerman et al. (iii) An underabundance of Na relative to Mg in the [Fe/H] $< -1$ stars is nearly constant, with the mean [Na/Mg] $\simeq -0.5$. (iv) The K/Sc, Ca/Sc, and Ti/Sc ratios form well-defined trends, suggesting a common site of the K-Ti production. (v) Sr follows the Fe abundance down to [Fe/H] $\simeq -2.5$, while Zr is enhanced in MP stars. (vi) The comparisons of our results with some widely used Galactic evolution models are given. The use of the NLTE element abundances raises credit to the interpretation of the data in the context of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy.
description: 43 pages, 17 figures
The ionizing photon production efficiency of compact z~0.3 Lyman continuum leakers and comparison with high redshift galaxies
Creators: name: Schaerer, D.
name: Izotov, Y. I.
name: Verhamme, A.
name: Orlitova, I.
name: Thuan, T. X.
name: Worseck, G.
name: Guseva, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently discovered five Lyman continuum leaking galaxies at z~0.3, selected for their compactness, intense star-formation, and high [OIII]/[OII] ratio (Izotov et al. 2016ab). Here we derive their ionizing photon production efficiency, a fundamental quantity for inferring the number of photons available to reionize the Universe, for the first time for galaxies with confirmed strong Lyman continuum escape (fesc~6-13%). We find an ionizing photon production per unit UV luminosity, which is a factor 2-6 times higher than the canonical value when reported to their observed UV luminosity. After correction for extinction this value is close to the canonical value. The properties of our five Lyman continuum leakers are found to be very similar to those of the confirmed z=3.218 leaker Ion2 from de Barros et al. (2016) and very similar to those of typical star-forming galaxies at z>~6. Our results suggest that UV bright galaxies at high-z such as Lyman break galaxies can be Lyman continuum leakers and that their contribution to cosmic reionization may be underestimated.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Increase in Variable Costs Per Acre of Producing Wheat, Feed Grains, Soybeans and Cotton in Selected Areas
Creators: name: Brown, W. H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Labor and Human Capital
Production Economics

description: Excerpts: Costs of crop production have risen rapidly since the Farm Production Economics Division published it reports on variable costs for 1970. Nearly all of the per acre cost increase is due to the rapid rise in prices paid for farm production items. The rate of use has changed only moderately for most inputs. The 1970 estimates are being revised and the procedure for updating budgets is being computerized under the new firm enterprise data system project. But this will not be completed for some time. The purpose of this report is to provide interim estimates of cost changes since 1970 for feed grains, wheat, soybeans and cotton in selected producing areas.
Advancing Diamond Open Access: A Future of Open Science and Scholarly Communication
Creators: name: Bargheer, Margo
name: Dreyer, Malte
name: Klaus, Tabea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: OPERAS
OPERAS-GER
DIAMAS
PALOMERA
CRAFT-OA
Diamond Open Access
National Node

description: In this session Margo, Malte and Tabea presented three different OPERAS projects, which are Creating Community-Driven Pathways to Equitable Open Scholarly Publishing. PALOMERA (Policy Alignment of Open Access Monographs in the
 European Research Area) seeks to understand why so few open access funder policies include books. The goal of DIAMAS (Developing Institutional Open Access Publishing Models to Advance Scholarly Communication) is to provide the research community with an aligned, high-quality, and sustainable Open Access scholarly communication ecosystem. CRAFT-OA (Creating a Robust Accessible Federated Technology for Open Access) wants to provide technical improvements for journal platforms and journal software, to build a community and to increase visibility. All three projects will create a Capacity Hub for Diamond OA Publishing. The session was held during the final event of the German National Node OPERAS-GER , titled "Connecting the Connections - Abschlussveranstaltung des Projekts OPERAS-GER" on the 5th of September 2023 in Bonn.
Dual Learning for Machine Translation
Creators: name: Xia, Yingce
name: He, Di
name: Qin, Tao
name: Wang, Liwei
name: Yu, Nenghai
name: Liu, Tie-Yan
name: Ma, Wei-Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While neural machine translation (NMT) is making good progress in the past two years, tens of millions of bilingual sentence pairs are needed for its training. However, human labeling is very costly. To tackle this training data bottleneck, we develop a dual-learning mechanism, which can enable an NMT system to automatically learn from unlabeled data through a dual-learning game. This mechanism is inspired by the following observation: any machine translation task has a dual task, e.g., English-to-French translation (primal) versus French-to-English translation (dual); the primal and dual tasks can form a closed loop, and generate informative feedback signals to train the translation models, even if without the involvement of a human labeler. In the dual-learning mechanism, we use one agent to represent the model for the primal task and the other agent to represent the model for the dual task, then ask them to teach each other through a reinforcement learning process. Based on the feedback signals generated during this process (e.g., the language-model likelihood of the output of a model, and the reconstruction error of the original sentence after the primal and dual translations), we can iteratively update the two models until convergence (e.g., using the policy gradient methods). We call the corresponding approach to neural machine translation \emph{dual-NMT}. Experiments show that dual-NMT works very well on English$\leftrightarrow$French translation; especially, by learning from monolingual data (with 10% bilingual data for warm start), it achieves a comparable accuracy to NMT trained from the full bilingual data for the French-to-English translation task.
Rotation in the Pleiades with K2: II. Multi-Period Stars
Creators: name: Rebull, L. M.
name: Stauffer, J. R.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Cody, A. M.
name: Hillenbrand, L. A.
name: Soderblom, D. R.
name: Valenti, J.
name: Barrado, D.
name: Bouy, H.
name: Ciardi, D.
name: Pinsonneault, M.
name: Stassun, K.
name: Micela, G.
name: Aigrain, S.
name: Vrba, F.
name: Somers, G.
name: Gillen, E.
name: Cameron, A. Collier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use K2 to continue the exploration of the distribution of rotation periods in Pleiades that we began in Paper I. We have discovered complicated multi-period behavior in Pleiades stars using these K2 data, and we have grouped them into categories, which are the focal part of this paper. About 24% of the sample has multiple, real frequencies in the periodogram, sometimes manifesting as obvious beating in the light curves. Those having complex and/or structured periodogram peaks, unresolved multiple periods, and resolved close multiple periods are likely due to spot/spot group evolution and/or latitudinal differential rotation; these largely compose the slowly rotating sequence in $P$ vs.~$(V-K_{\rm s})_0$ identified in Paper I. The fast sequence in $P$ vs.~$(V-K_{\rm s})_0$ is dominated by single-period stars; these are likely to be rotating as solid bodies. Paper III continues the discussion, speculating about the origin and evolution of the period distribution in the Pleiades.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures. Accepted by AJ
Anisotropic Pauli spin blockade in hole quantum dots
Creators: name: Brauns, Matthias
name: Ridderbos, Joost
name: Li, Ang
name: Bakkers, Erik P. A. M.
name: van der Wiel, Wilfred G.
name: Zwanenburg, Floris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements on gate-defined double quantum dots in Ge-Si core-shell nanowires, which we tune to a regime with visible shell filling in both dots. We observe a Pauli spin blockade and can assign the measured leakage current at low magnetic fields to spin-flip cotunneling, for which we measure a strong anisotropy related to an anisotropic g-factor. At higher magnetic fields we see signatures for leakage current caused by spin-orbit coupling between (1,1)-singlet and (2,0)-triplet states. Taking into account these anisotropic spin-flip mechanisms, we can choose the magnetic field direction with the longest spin lifetime for improved spin-orbit qubits.