cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Contribution of Livestock to Household Income in Vietnam: A household typology based analysis
Creators: name: Rapsomanikis, George
name: Maltsoglou, Irini
name: Rapsomanikis, George
name: Maltsoglou, Irini
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Generally the vast majority of poor households in developing countries live in the rural areas and heavily rely on agriculture and agricultural assets for their livelihoods. Vietnam gives evidence of the same patterns whereby 90 percent of the poor live in rural areas and more than 80 percent of the households are involved in the agricultural sector. The analysis presented in this paper focuses specifically on the link between poverty and livestock in Vietnam with the aim of evaluating how livestock contributes to household income and the role livestock plays for poor households. In this context, better understanding the link between livestock and the poor will allow more specific targeting of this group of the population through policies that promote livestock, with the final aim of improving their living standards and identifying a possible route out of poverty. A household typology approach and some econometric analysis are used to gain a better understanding of income profiles and household's livelihood structures. Results of the analysis illustrate the contribution of livestock ownership to household income and how income levels vary across a spectrum based on market integration and reliance on agriculture. Livestock ownership, production efficiency, market integration and income diversification are found to be important factors in income level differences. Policy propositions are provided.
Quantum evolution with a large number of negative decoherence rates
Creators: name: Siudzińska, Katarzyna
name: Chruściński, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Markovian effects in quantum evolution appear when the system is strongly coupled to the environment and interacts with it for long periods of time. To include memory effects in the master equations, one usually incorporates time-local generators or memory kernels. However, it turns out that non-Markovian evolution with eternally negative decoherence rates arises from a simple mixture of Markovian semigroups. Moreover, one can have as many as $(d-1)^2$ always negative rates out of $d^2-1$ total, and the quantum evolution is still legitimate.
Livestock Policies for Poverty Alleviation: Theory and Practical Evidence from Africa, Asia and Latin America
Creators: name: Pica-Ciamarra, Ugo
name: Pica-Ciamarra, Ugo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Increasing population, income growth and urbanization in developing countries are boosting the demand for food of animal origin. This trend, which has been dubbed the 'Livestock Revolution', provides significant opportunities for poverty reduction, an estimated 42 percent of the poor worldwide being dependent on livestock as part of their livelihood. This paper presents a framework for pro-poor livestock policy analysis and investigates whether policy makers in eighteen developing countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America are tapping into the pro-poor opportunities offered by livestock sector development. The paper argues that, given a functional macroeconomic and institutional framework, livestock policies would be pro-poor if they included: (i) policies 'establishing the basics for livestock production', including secure and adequate access to basic production inputs, such as land and water, as well as risk coping mechanisms for natural disasters and price shocks; (ii) policies 'kick-starting domestic livestock markets', such as a pro-poor functioning of the credit market, animal health and extension services delivery, and adequate access to output markets for smallholders; and (iii) policies 'supporting and expanding livestock markets', encompassing research for improving feeds and livestock breeds, food quality control and trade-supporting policies. It is found that in the last twenty years domestic livestock production has largely not satisfied increased national meat/milk demand and that few countries have designed a comprehensive pro-poor strategy for the development of the livestock sector. Agricultural sector and livestock policies, which are surprisingly consistent across all geographical regions, tend in fact to decouple livestock production from poverty reduction and overemphasize policies 'kick-starting domestic livestock markets' and 'supporting and expanding livestock markets' vis-à-vis policies reducing vulnerability and providing secure access to basic production inputs. Yet, in several circumstances lack of secure access to land, feed and water might prevent the poor from positively reacting to input and output market policies. Current livestock policies are thus unbalanced, and governments should better target the causal links between livestock development and poverty reduction, taking into account the broader set of market and institutional imperfections preventing the resource poor from benefiting from the growing demand for livestock products. Only when the poor do have secure access to basic production inputs, in fact, will input and output market and trade-supporting policies contribute to take them out of low-wealth-low-growth vicious circles.
Characterizing BigBench queries, Hive, and Spark in multi-cloud environments
Creators: name: Poggi, Nicolas
name: Montero, Alejandro
name: Carrera, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: BigBench is the new standard (TPCx-BB) for benchmarking and testing Big Data systems. The TPCx-BB specification describes several business use cases -- queries -- which require a broad combination of data extraction techniques including SQL, Map/Reduce (M/R), user code (UDF), and Machine Learning to fulfill them. However, currently, there is no widespread knowledge of the different resource requirements and expected performance of each query, as is the case to more established benchmarks. At the same time, cloud providers currently offer convenient on-demand managed big data clusters (PaaS) with a pay-as-you-go model. In PaaS, analytical engines such as Hive and Spark come ready to use, with a general-purpose configuration and upgrade management. The study characterizes both the BigBench queries and the out-of-the-box performance of Spark and Hive versions in the cloud. At the same time, comparing popular PaaS offerings in terms of reliability, data scalability (1GB to 10TB), versions, and settings from Azure HDinsight, Amazon Web Services EMR, and Google Cloud Dataproc. The query characterization highlights the similarities and differences in Hive an Spark frameworks, and which queries are the most resource consuming according to CPU, memory, and I/O. Scalability results show how there is a need for configuration tuning in most cloud providers as data scale grows, especially with Sparks memory usage. These results can help practitioners to quickly test systems by picking a subset of the queries which stresses each of the categories. At the same time, results show how Hive and Spark compare and what performance can be expected of each in PaaS.
description: Partially funded by European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 639595) - HiEST Project Published in the 9th TPC Technology Conference, TPCTC 2017, Munich, Germany, August 28, 2017. Performance Evaluation and Benchmarking for the Analytics Era
Supplementary document for Non-Ergodicity and Noise-Corrected Diffuse Speckle Contrast Analysis in Deep Tissue Blood Flow Measurement - 7431998.pdf
Creators: name: hong, jiachi
name: Zhu, Wenting
name: zhao, bowen
name: Li, Pengcheng
name: Lu, Jinling
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: blood flow measurements at the wrist
An appropriate level of risk: Balancing the need for safe livestock products with fair market access for the poor
Creators: name: Stevens, Christopher
name: Sones, Keith
name: Nin Pratt, Alejandro
name: Perry, Brian D.
name: Stevens, Christopher
name: Sones, Keith
name: Nin Pratt, Alejandro
name: Perry, Brian D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper examines the role of livestock products as commodities of trade, responding to the demand and higher prices that many external markets offer, and at the same time providing important contributions to the development process in poorer countries. It highlights that this opportunity is not without its threats: much of the Western world has, over the last half century in particular, invested substantial amounts of money in controlling and eradicating many infectious diseases of livestock, and in building up healthy and highly productive animals, the products derived from which earn them very large sums of money on world markets. Such countries are not willing to take risks that could threaten their livestock industries, and their domestic and export markets that maintain high animal health and food safety standards. The study builds on a number of 'success stories', examples where developing countries have succeeded in exporting livestock or livestock products to external markets. An analysis of the factors governing their success revealed some commonalities: all were driven by strong private sector partners who contributed capital, management expertise and entrepreneurial flair; most concerned livestock products, rather than live animals, which matched the market's requirements; many had developed strong brand identities which had become synonymous with quality, safety and dependability; and many were vertically integrated systems, incorporating small and medium scale out-grower producers. Often these successes have been achieved despite the absence of effective support from the public sector, such as national veterinary authorities. One of the key findings of this study is the disparity between the push for global harmonisation of animal health standards for trade, and the lack of capacity of developing countries, particularly LDCs, to meet these standards. The study considers how this might be rectified and concludes that building capacity of regional bodies to create regional centres of excellence with regard to SPS matters may be the most practical way forward.
Deliverable 4.2 Report on key success factors for realisation of breakthroughs
Creators: name: Wepner, Beatrix
name: Schartinger, Doris
name: Corekoglu, Barbaros
name: Flourakis, Matthieu
name: Kok, Kristiaan P.W.
name: Lazaro-Mojica, Jonas
name: Paca, Cristina
name: Wagner, Petra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: FIT4FOOD2030
Dissemination
Responsible Research and Innovation
Food and Nutrition Security
FOOD2030EU
Food system transformation
Tools for transformation
R&I breakthroughs
Horizon Europe Programme

description: The second phase of the FIT4FOOD2030 project aims at contributing to an agenda to transform the Food and Nutrition System in integrating the results of the analysis of showcases and breakthroughs. Picking up the work of Deliverable 4.1, the inventory of R&I breakthroughs, further literature study, a workshop and input from City Lab multi-stakeholder workshops aiming at the identification of pathways that innovation take in their implementation and diffusion, deliverable 4.2. describes: (1) Conceptual background of (R&I) breakthroughs, (2) Analysis of potential breakthroughs in different areas, and (3) Clusters and overall patterns of success factors for potential breakthroughs.
A Review of Milk Production in Bangladesh with Particular Emphasis on Small-Scale Producers
Creators: name: Hemme, Torsten
name: Garcia, Otto
name: Khan, A.R.
name: Hemme, Torsten
name: Garcia, Otto
name: Khan, A.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Costs of production
subject: Bangladesh
subject: milk
subject: policy
subject: poverty reduction
subject: small scale dairy
subject: typical farms

description: The purpose of the study is to assess the economics of dairy farming in Bangladesh and the prospects for improving the dairy income for small-scale producers, which currently form the backbone of the dairy industry. The document begins with a general overview of milk production in the country, followed by a detailed study of dairy farming in the in the northern district of Sirajganj. The study applies a method of farm-level economic analysis developed by the International Farm Comparison Network (IFCN) which is based on the concept of 'typical farms'. Three farm types were identified as 'typical' in the district and were subjected to detailed analysis: A two cow farm with 0.4 ha of land, a ten cow farm with 1.6 ha of land and a 25 cow farm with 1.8 ha of land. Each farm is described in detail with assets, production costs, profits and other economic information presented both graphically and in the text. Preliminary estimates of the margins in the dairy chain are provided. The study concludes that milk production from bovines in Bangladesh is not competitive internationally and that under a liberal trade regime for dairy products dairy farmers in Bangladesh are unlikely to fully benefit from the vast increase in milk demand predicted to occur over the next ten years unless productivity is significantly improved.
NIR Counterparts to ULXs (III): Completing the photometric survey and selected spectroscopic results
Creators: name: López, K. M.
name: Heida, M.
name: Jonker, P. G.
name: Torres, M. A. P.
name: Roberts, T. P.
name: Walton, D. J.
name: Moon, D. -S.
name: Harrison, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from the remaining sources in our search for near-infrared (NIR) candidate counterparts to ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) within $\simeq$ 10 Mpc. We observed 23 ULXs in 15 galaxies and detected NIR candidate counterparts to six of them. Two of these have an absolute magnitude consistent with a single red supergiant (RSG). Three counterparts are too bright for a RSG and spatially extended, and thus we classify them as stellar clusters. The other candidate is too faint for a RSG. Additionally, we present the results of our NIR spectroscopic follow-up of five sources: four originally classified as RSG and one as a stellar cluster on the basis of previous photometry. The stellar cluster candidate is actually a nebula. Of the four RSGs candidates, one source has a broad H$α$ emission line redshifted by $\sim z = 1$, making it a background AGN. Two other sources show stellar spectra consistent with them being RSGs. The final RSG candidate is too faint to classify, but does not show strong (nebular) emission lines in its spectrum. After our search for NIR counterparts to 113 ULXs, where we detected a candidate counterpart for 38 ULXs, we have spectroscopically confirmed the nature of 12: five sources are nebulae, one source is not classified, one source is an AGN and five are RSGs. These possible five ULX-RSG binary systems would constitute $\simeq$ $(4 \pm 2)\%$ of the observed ULXs, a fraction almost four times larger than what was predicted by binary evolution simulations.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
On the geometry of a class of N-qubit entanglement monotones
Creators: name: Levay, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A family of N-qubit entanglement monotones invariant under stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC) is defined. This class of entanglement monotones includes the well-known examples of the concurrence, the three-tangle, and some of the four, five and N-qubit SLOCC invariants introduced recently. The construction of these invariants is based on bipartite partitions of the Hilbert space in the form ${\bf C}^{2^N}\simeq{\bf C}^L\otimes{\bf C}^l$ with $L=2^{N-n}\geq l=2^n$. Such partitions can be given a nice geometrical interpretation in terms of Grassmannians Gr(L,l) of l-planes in ${\bf C}^L$ that can be realized as the zero locus of quadratic polinomials in the complex projective space of suitable dimension via the Plucker embedding. The invariants are neatly expressed in terms of the Plucker coordinates of the Grassmannian.
description: 7 pages RevTex, Submitted to Physical Review A
Effect of nitrogen on fungal growth efficiency
Creators: name: D. P. Di Lonardo
name: A. Van Der Wal
name: P. Harkes
name: W. De Boer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The contribution of fungi to carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling is related to their growth efficiency (amount of biomass produced per unit of substrate utilized). The concentration and availability of N influence the activity and growth efficiency of saprotrophic fungi. When N is scarce in soils, fungi have to invest more energy to obtain soil N, which could result in lower growth efficiencies. Yet, the effect of N on the growth efficiencies of individual species of fungi in soil has not been studied extensively. In this study, we investigated the influence of different concentrations of mineral N on the growth efficiency of two common soil fungi, Trichoderma harzianum and Mucor hiemalis in a soil-like environment. We hypothesized that a higher N availability will coincide with higher biomass production and growth efficiency. We measured fungal biomass production and respiration fluxes in sand microcosms amended with cellobiose and mineral N at different C:N ratios. For both fungal species lower C:N ratios resulted in the highest biomass production as well as the highest growth efficiency. This may imply that when N is applied concurrently with a degradable C source, a higher amount of N will be temporarily immobilized into fungal biomass.
Animal Health Policy and Practice: Scaling-up Community-based Animal Health Systems, Lessons from Human Health
Creators: name: Riviere-Cinnamond, Ana
name: Riviere-Cinnamond, Ana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: In an extensive literature review, the author develops policy recommendations to facilitate scaling up community-based animal health systems to the national level. Noting that human and animal health services in rural areas have much in common, and that an extensive literature studies policy regarding primary healthcare for humans exists, she surveys that literature for observations and conclusions applicable to policy analysis of primary animal healthcare. She notes differences in the history and development of the two delivery systems. The push for human health services came with a worldwide initiative agreed at a high level in 1978. Health for All was set out as a moral imperative, and programmes have been strongly top-down. Delivery of animal health services, by contrast, has been viewed mainly in terms of economic development, and community-based systems have been cobbled together bottom-up, with NGOs taking the lead. As a result, community animal health workers are not integrated into national systems, and how they are trained and monitored varies even within districts. More broadly, the author details regional differences in community-based animal healthcare initiatives. Whereas in Asia there is considerable government involvement, private practitioners hold much more sway in East Africa. Although the literature is sparse on West Africa and Latin America, professional acceptance of community health workers appears to be high in both regions. The core of the paper is devoted to elaborating six criteria for assessing community-based animal health systems, which the author adapts from studies on primary healthcare systems for humans. She argues that the criteria - equity, efficiency, accessibility of services, quality of services, human resources and financial resources - must be addressed when scaling-up community-based programmes. The author recommends that policymakers clearly state their national animal health objectives and encourage dialogue between NGOs and existing national structures to allow better coordination of efforts and more equitable and consistent delivery of animal health services in rural areas. She adds that bringing community animal health workers into institutional frameworks - and agreeing a standard training curriculum - would improve equity in the distribution of benefits.
Flavor structure and coupling selection rule from intersecting D-branes
Creators: name: Higaki, Tetsutaro
name: Kitazawa, Noriaki
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Takahashi, Kei-jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study flavor structure and the coupling selection rule in intersecting D-brane configurations. We formulate the selection rule for Yukawa couplings and its extensions to generic n-point couplings. We investigate the possible flavor structure, which can appear from intersecting D-brane configuration, and it is found that their couplings are determined by discrete abelian symmetry. Our studies on the flavor structure and the coupling selection rule show that the minimal matter content of the supersymmetric standard model would have difficulty to derive realistic Yukawa matrices from stringy 3-point couplings at the tree-level. However, extended models have a richer structure, leading to non-trivial mass matrices.
description: 28 pages, latex, 5 figures
A New Report on Edible Tropical Bolete, Phlebopus spongiosus in Thailand and Its Fruiting Body Formation without the Need for a Host Plant
Creators: name: Jaturong Kumla
name: Nakarin Suwannarach
name: Saisamorn Lumyong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Phlebopus spongiosus is a well-known edible ectomycorrhizal mushroom indigenous to southern Vietnam. The mushroom specimens collected from northern Thailand in this study were identified as P. spongiosus. This identification was based on morphological characteristics and the multi-gene phylogenetic analyses. Pure cultures were isolated and the relevant suitable mycelial growth conditions were investigated. The results indicated that the fungal mycelia grew well on L-modified Melin-Norkans, and Murashige and Skoog agar all of which were adjusted to a pH of 5.0 at 30 °C. Sclerotia-like structures were observed on cultures. The ability of this mushroom to produce fruiting bodies in the absence of a host plant was determined by employing a bag cultivation method. Fungal mycelia completely covered the cultivation substrate after 90–95 days following inoculation of mushroom spawn. Under the mushroom house conditions, the highest amount of primordial formation was observed after 10–15 days at a casing with soil:vermiculite (1:1, v/v). The primordia developed into a mature stage within one week. Moreover, identification of the cultivated fruiting bodies was confirmed by both morphological and molecular methods. This is the first record of P. spongiosus found in Thailand and its ability to form fruiting bodies without a host plant.
A Study of the Role of Livestock in Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs)
Creators: name: Blench, Roger
name: Chapman, Robert
name: Slaymaker, Tom
name: Blench, Roger
name: Chapman, Robert
name: Slaymaker, Tom
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: The current document examines how livestock features in the Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) prepared by Heavily Indebted Poor Countries as they seek concessional lending from the World Bank and IMF. An assessment has been made of the overall importance of livestock to the country's economy and to its population, especially the poor, and how accurately the PRSP reflects this. A ranking is given based on the quality of data presented in the PRSP and the degree to which considered and detailed strategies are put forward for reducing poverty through livestock-related measures. Detailed case studies are presented for five countries: Niger, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Laos and Pakistan. These explore the role of livestock within the country and in the context of the PRSP, and recommendations are proposed for guiding livestock policies towards achieving greater poverty reduction. Although the nature and demands upon livestock differ greatly between countries embarking on the PRSP process, all fail to make a strong, coherent case for support to this sector. The underlying reason for this is that the PRSP process is guided by national ministries that fail to recognize or understand the opportunities that livestock present for reducing poverty. This Working Paper concludes with recommendations for improving the PRSP process so that the interests and priorities of the poor are better represented.
Subdiffusion and dynamical heterogeneities in a lattice glass model
Creators: name: Bertin, Eric
name: Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe
name: Lequeux, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a kinetically constrained lattice glass model in which continuous local densities are randomly redistributed on neighbouring sites with a kinetic constraint that inhibits the process at high densities, and a random bias accounting for attractive or repulsive interactions. The full steady-state distribution can be computed exactly in any space dimension d. Dynamical heterogeneities are characterized by a length scale that diverges when approaching the critical density. The glassy dynamics of the model can be described as a reaction-diffusion process for the mobile regions. The motion of mobile regions is found to be subdiffusive, for a large range of parameters, due to a self-induced trapping mechanism.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
A Review of Milk Production in India with Particular Emphasis on Small-Scale Producers
Creators: name: Hemme, Torsten
name: Garcia, Otto
name: Saha, Amit
name: Hemme, Torsten
name: Garcia, Otto
name: Saha, Amit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The current document begins with a general overview of milk production in India. This is followed by a detailed study of dairy farming in Haryana State, particularly of the small-scale producers owning two to four milking animals who form the majority. The purpose is to assess their prospects for earning more from dairy farming, and to identify which areas of intervention in terms of management or policy are likely to be most favourable to them, and whether they are vulnerable to international competition. A further objective has been to evaluate the methodology used. The Review applies a method of economic analysis developed by the International Farm Comparison Network (IFCN) which is based on the concept of 'typical farms'. Four farm sizes were selected to represent typical farms in Haryana State, with two, four, 22 and 37 dairy animals respectively. Each farm is described in detail with assets, costs, profits and other economic information presented both graphically and in the text. A series of variables is introduced to model the effect of changes - in market prices or in production practices, for example - and these are discussed in the light of the reality facing small-scale dairy farmers. The Review concludes that the 'typical' farms with four and 22 dairy animals have the potential to cut their production costs and compete with imports. However, farmers with two dairy animals - the majority - are unlikely to be able to compete in future, even on the domestic market, without major changes. Nevertheless, the Review also recognises that in India, as in most other countries, farmers will keep their dairy animals as long as no alternative employment opportunities exist.
Numerical integration of the discrete-ordinate radiative transfer equation in strongly non homogeneous media
Creators: name: Zorzano, M. -P.
name: Mancho, A. M.
name: Vazquez, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the radiation transfer problem in the discrete-ordinate, plane-parallel approach. We introduce two benchmark problems with exact known solutions and show that for strongly non-homogeneous media the homogeneous layers approximation can lead to errors of 10% in the estimation of the intensity. We propose and validate a general purpose numerical method that transforming the two-boundary problem into an initial boundary problem, using an adaptative step integration and an interpolation of the local optical properties, can improve the accuracy of the solution up to two orders of magnitude. This is furthermore of interest for practical applications, such as atmospheric radiation transfer, where the scattering and absorbing properties of the media vary strongly with height and are only known, based on measurements or models, at certain discrete points.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Deliverable 4.1 Report on inventory of R&I breakthroughs
Creators: name: Lazaro-Mojica, Jonas
name: Fernandez, Rebeca
name: Weiss, Jochen
name: Wepner, Beatrix
name: Wagner, Petra
name: Schartinger, Doris
name: Tacken, Gemma
name: Fenollosa, Carmen
name: Paca, Cristina
name: Corekoglu, Barbaros
name: Flourakis, Matthieu
name: Meharg, Kathelyn
name: Terzeiva, Anastasiya
name: De Vries, Hugo
name: Malagrida, Rosina
name: Pino, Marina
name: Longhini, Mara
name: Pontillo, Chiara
name: Regeer, Barbara
name: Cesuroglu, Tomris
name: Den Boer, Alanya
name: Kok, Kristiaan P.W.
name: Wenink, Jolien
name: Brierley, Chrissie
name: Van Geel, Sanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: FIT4FOOD2030
Dissemination
Responsible Research and Innovation
Food and Nutrition Security
FOOD2030EU
Food system transformation
Tools for transformation
R&I breakthroughs
Horizon Europe Programme

description: This document is intended to serve as the basis for a common understanding within the FIT4FOOD2030 consortium when it comes to potential R&I breakthroughs, but also to stimulate the discussion taking place at the three interconnected structures of the FIT4FOOD2030 platform (City Labs, Policy Labs and the EU Think Tank) and support their roadmap definition. The process to develop this report started with initial desk research and discussion within the project consortium to define key terms, in close cooperation with WP2 and WP3 to clearly distinguish trends, breakthroughs and showcases. The compilation of an inventory for past R&I breakthroughs was based on desk research and an internal meeting with WP4 partners. Findings from WP2 and WP3 were also used in the identification of potential R&I breakthroughs. Furthermore, the survey conducted in WP3 was used to direct questions on potential R&I breakthroughs to the participants.
Multi-tenant Pub/Sub Processing for Real-time Data Streams
Creators: name: Villalba, Álvaro
name: Carrera, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Devices and sensors generate streams of data across a diversity of locations and protocols. That data usually reaches a central platform that is used to store and process the streams. Processing can be done in real time, with transformations and enrichment happening on-the-fly, but it can also happen after data is stored and organized in repositories. In the former case, stream processing technologies are required to operate on the data; in the latter batch analytics and queries are of common use. This paper introduces a runtime to dynamically construct data stream processing topologies based on user-supplied code. These dynamic topologies are built on-the-fly using a data subscription model defined by the applications that consume data. Each user-defined processing unit is called a Service Object. Every Service Object consumes input data streams and may produce output streams that others can consume. The subscription-based programing model enables multiple users to deploy their own data-processing services. The runtime does the dynamic forwarding of data and execution of Service Objects from different users. Data streams can originate in real-world devices or they can be the outputs of Service Objects.
description: Partially funded by European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No 639595) - HiEST Project Published Euro-Par 2018: Euro-Par 2018: Parallel Processing Workshops pp 251-262
Activity and reproduction in Megalobulimus paranaguensis (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata): implications for conservation in captivity for a South American land snail
Creators: name: Miranda, Marcel Sabino
name: Correia, Lucas Vilas Bôas
name: Iracy Lea Pecora
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In South America, Megalobulimus includes a number of threatened species, as well the largest land snails on the continent. The activity patterns and reproductive aspects of this group have not been documented. This work describes the daily and seasonal activity patterns and reproduction of M. paranaguensis. We maintained specimens in the laboratory for one year, and we quantified their behaviour for one hour at four different times of the day (0 h, 6 h, 12 h and 18 h) during three days in four months (August, September, April and May). The number of postures, hatching rate, time of hatching since oviposition and mortality rate among juveniles for each month were also quantified. Megalobulimus paranaguensis was more active in August, and had a egg laying peak one month after. Fifty-one eggs were laid by 12 captive individuals throughout the year, with a mean value of 4.25 eggs per individual. The hatching rate was 80.39%, and the time of hatching since oviposition was 56.7 ± 4.3 days. In two eggs, we observed the presence of twins. The mortality rate among juveniles was low (9.30%) indicating that rearing land snails in captivity has the potential to be an important and viable tool for the management and conservation of these organisms.
On Justification of Gibbs Distribution
Creators: name: Kozlov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper develop a new approach to the justification of Gibbs canonical distribution for Hamiltonian systems with finite number of degrees of freedom. It uses the condition of nonintegrability of the ensemble of weak interacting Hamiltonian systems.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Parton distribution function for the gluon condensate
Creators: name: Hatta, Yoshitaka
name: Zhao, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the desire to understand the nucleon mass structure in terms of light-cone distributions, we introduce the twist-four parton distribution function $F(x)$ whose first moment is the gluon condensate in the nucleon. We present the equation of motion relations for $F(x)$ and discuss the possible existence of the delta function (`zero mode') contribution at $x=0$. We also perform one-loop calculations for quark and gluon targets.
description: 12 pages
The politicization of difference : nationalism and national unity in pre-independent India, Ghana, Nigeria and Kenya
Creators: name: Newton, Jacob Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the historiography of the British Empire, indigenous independence movements have been characterized as 'nationalistic', that is, that they were motivated by a sense of national identity among the indigenous peoples which was expressed through the rejection of imperial control and the demand for indigenous self-government. However, the necessity to divide the colonial territory at independence between two indigenous groups in India and the insistence of indigenous groups within Ghana, Nigeria, and Kenya that their distinctive identities be safeguarded within constitutional systems that granted substantive powers to the regions within which those groups resided suggest that there was not, in fact, a unitary sense of identity among the indigenous populations of these colonial territories. The assumption, then, that indigenous independence movements represented 'Indian', 'Ghanaian', 'Nigerian', or 'Kenyan' nationalism needs to be re-evaluated. The characterization of indigenous independence movements as 'nationalistic' is challenged in this study through a comparative analysis of the phenomenon within the contexts of India, the Gold Coast (Ghana), Nigeria, and Kenya. Particular attention is paid to the formulation by leaders of these independence movements of an inclusive conception of nationalism, and the degree to which this definition was accepted or rejected by the indigenous populations of those colonial states. What the analysis, supported by case studies of each colonial territory, demonstrates is that the attempts by these leaders to promote an inclusive sense of national identity had a divisive rather than unifying effect upon the indigenous population. Indeed, not only did the indigenous peoples continue to identify themselves according to regional, religious, ethnic, cultural, and linguistic distinctions, but these distinctions became politicized in the form of exclusive definitions of nationalism. The invocation of 'nationalism', therefore, actually had the effect of creating a greater awareness within the indigenous population of their differences, not their commonality, an awareness that ultimately led to the geographical or constitutional divisions within these states at independence.
Non-Abelian Vortices on Cylinder -- Duality between vortices and walls
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Fujimori, Toshiaki
name: Isozumi, Youichi
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Ohashi, Keisuke
name: Ohta, Kazutoshi
name: Sakai, Norisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate vortices on a cylinder in supersymmetric non-Abelian gauge theory with hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation. We identify moduli space of periodic vortices and find that a pair of wall-like objects appears as the vortex moduli is varied. Usual domain walls also can be obtained from the single vortex on the cylinder by introducing a twisted boundary condition. We can understand these phenomena as a T-duality among D-brane configurations in type II superstring theories. Using this T-duality picture, we find a one-to-one correspondence between the moduli space of non-Abelian vortices and that of kinky D-brane configurations for domain walls.
description: 33 pages, 17 figures, v2: references added, typos corrected, the final version published in PRD
Electro-mechanically guided growth and patterns
Creators: name: Du, Yangkun
name: Su, Yipin
name: Lu, Chaofeng
name: Chen, Weiqiu
name: Destrade, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several experiments have demonstrated the existence of an electro-mechanical effect in many biological tissues and hydrogels, and its actual influence on growth, migration, and pattern formation. Here, to model these interactions and capture some growth phenomena found in Nature, we extend volume growth theory to account for an electro-elasticity coupling. Based on the multiplicative decomposition, we present a general analysis of isotropic growth and pattern formation of electro-elastic solids under external mechanical and electrical fields. As an example, we treat the case of a tubular structure to illustrate an electro-mechanically guided growth affected by axial strain and radial voltage. Our numerical results show that a high voltage can enhance the non-uniformity of the residual stress distribution and induce extensional buckling, while a low voltage can delay the onset of wrinkling shapes and can also generate more complex morphologies. Within a controllable range, axial tensile stretching shows the ability to stabilise the tube and help form more complex 3D patterns, while compressive stretching promotes instability. Both the applied voltage and external axial strain have a significant impact on guiding growth and pattern formation. Our modelling provides a basic tool for analysing the growth of electro-elastic materials, which can be useful for designing a pattern prescription strategy or growth self-assembly in Engineering.
The generalized F-statistic: multiple detectors and multiple GW pulsars
Creators: name: Cutler, Curt
name: Schutz, Bernard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The F-statistic, derived by Jaranowski, Krolak & Schutz (1998), is the optimal (frequentist) statistic for the detection of nearly periodic gravitational waves from known neutron stars, in the presence of stationary, Gaussian detector noise. The F-statistic was originally derived for the case of a single detector, whose noise spectral density was assumed constant in time, and for a single known neutron star. Here we show how the F-statistic can be straightforwardly generalized to the cases of 1) a network of detectors with time-varying noise curves, and 2) a population of known sources. Fortunately, all the important ingredients that go into our generalized F-statistics are already calculated in the single-source/single-detector searches that are currently implemented, e.g., in the LIGO Software Library, so implementation of optimal multi-detector, multi-source searches should require negligible additional cost in computational power or software development.
description: 6 pages, 0 figures, submitted to PRD; section IV substantially enlarged and revised, and a few typos corrected
cDNA-AFLP analysis of salicylic acid- and calcium chloride-induced transcript derived fragments under drought in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Creators: name: Dongye Zhang
name: Libo Xie
name: Xiangyang Xu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Drought seriously threatens tomato production worldwide. Despite much research on exogenous salicylic acid (SA) and Ca2+ improving plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, the molecular mechanisms of exogenous SA- and Ca2+-mediated drought resistance response in tomato remain unclear. In this study, we analyzed SA- and Ca2+ -induced differentially expressed transcripts under drought in tomato plants using cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP). In total, 34 transcript derived fragments (TDFs) were differentially expressed. The functions identified through NCBI BLAST alignment mainly involved signal transduction, amino acid metabolism, transcription factors, transfer transport and stress response. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction results of 12 TDFs associated with drought response were consistent with the patterns of changes observed with cDNA-AFLP analysis. These differentially expressed transcripts may be used for functional verification, transgenic research and breeding of drought-resistant tomato varieties.
Deliverable 3.4 R&I recommendations for targeted action in the Food2030 pathway areas
Creators: name: Emiliani, Tommaso
name: Flourakis, Matthieu
name: Wepner, Beatrix
name: Wenink, Jolien
name: Kok, Kristiaan P.W.
name: Korme, Ingeborg
name: Geerling-Eiff, Floor
name: Schartinger, Doris
name: Linderhof, Vincent
name: Lazaro-Mojica, Jonas
name: Achterbosch, Thom
name: Van den Berg, Jolanda
name: Verain, Muriel
name: Corekoglu, Barbaros
name: Fernandez, Rebeca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FIT4FOOD2030
Dissemination
Responsible Research and Innovation
Food and Nutrition Security
FOOD2030EU
Food system transformation
Tools for transformation
Pathways for Action
Horizon Europe Programme

description: With the publication of the booklet “Food2030 Pathways for Action” on 16 October 2020 (World Food Day) , the European Commission officially started the operationalisation process of the Food2030 framework in view of deploying the R&I action, as well as the investments needed to achieve the objectives of the European Green Deal , the Farm to Fork and the Bioeconomy strategies . The clustering exercise, led by DG Research and Innovation with contributions from DG SANTE, DG MARE, DG AGRI and from relevant food value chain stakeholders, has led the European Commission to identify ten focus areas which are considered ‘levers of change’: Governance & Systems Change; Urban Food System Transformation; Food from the Oceans & Freshwater Resources; Alternative Proteins & Dietary Shift; Food Waste & Resource Efficiency; The Microbiome World; Healthy, Sustainable & Personalised Nutrition; Food Safety Systems of the Future; Food Systems Africa; Food Systems & Data. The object of Deliverable 3.4 is to build on the D. 3.3 analysis of the R&I action needed in each pathway and provide concrete R&I recommendations for policy makers at the EU and Member States level. Particular attention is dedicated to expose the interconnectedness of the pathways to identify the most relevant and urgent cross-pathway actions to adopt.