cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lessons from the Development of an Anomaly Detection Interface on the Mars Perseverance Rover using the ISHMAP Framework
Creators: name: Wright, Austin P.
name: Nemere, Peter
name: Galvin, Adrian
name: Chau, Duen Horng
name: Davidoff, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While anomaly detection stands among the most important and valuable problems across many scientific domains, anomaly detection research often focuses on AI methods that can lack the nuance and interpretability so critical to conducting scientific inquiry. In this application paper we present the results of utilizing an alternative approach that situates the mathematical framing of machine learning based anomaly detection within a participatory design framework. In a collaboration with NASA scientists working with the PIXL instrument studying Martian planetary geochemistry as a part of the search for extra-terrestrial life; we report on over 18 months of in-context user research and co-design to define the key problems NASA scientists face when looking to detect and interpret spectral anomalies. We address these problems and develop a novel spectral anomaly detection toolkit for PIXL scientists that is highly accurate while maintaining strong transparency to scientific interpretation. We also describe outcomes from a yearlong field deployment of the algorithm and associated interface. Finally we introduce a new design framework which we developed through the course of this collaboration for co-creating anomaly detection algorithms: Iterative Semantic Heuristic Modeling of Anomalous Phenomena (ISHMAP), which provides a process for scientists and researchers to produce natively interpretable anomaly detection models. This work showcases an example of successfully bridging methodologies from AI and HCI within a scientific domain, and provides a resource in ISHMAP which may be used by other researchers and practitioners looking to partner with other scientific teams to achieve better science through more effective and interpretable anomaly detection tools.
Enhancement of thermoelectric effect in diffusive superconducting bilayers with magnetic interfaces
Creators: name: Kalenkov, Mikhail S.
name: Zaikin, Andrei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that thermoelectric currents in superconducting bilayers with a spin-active interface are controlled by the two competing processes. On one hand, spin-sensitive quasiparticle scattering at such interface generates electron-hole imbalance and yields orders-of-magnitude enhancement of the thermoelectric effect in the system. On the other hand, this electron-hole imbalance gets suppressed in the superconductor bulk due to electron scattering on non-magnetic impurities. As a result, large thermoelectric currents can only flow in the vicinity of the spin-active interface and decay away from this interface at a distance exceeding the electron elastic mean free path $\ell$. The magnitude of the thermoelectric effect reaches its maximum provided $\ell$ becomes of order of the total bilayer thickness.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
TIC 452991707 and TIC 452991693 as a Candidate Sextuple System with Three Eclipsing Binaries
Creators: name: Zasche, P.
name: Henzl, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of a rare system detected in the TESS data showing three different eclipsing-like signals. TIC 452991707 and TIC 452991693 seem to be the second such system on the sky, whose two components separated about 16" are gravitationally bounded, or comprise a co-moving pair. The three periods detected from the TESS data are: PA=1.46155 d, PB=1.77418 d, and PC=1.03989 d, respectively. The A and B periods belong to TIC 452991707, while the C comes from the component TIC 452991693. The pair A shows the deepest eclipses, and its orbit is very slightly eccentric. The third period C has lowest amplitude (eclipsing or ellipsoidal nature), but originates from TIC 452991693, which is connected to A+B because both visual components share similar proper motion and distance. Long-term collection of data from older photometry from various surveys also shows that the two inner pairs A and B orbit around their barycenter. Its period is probably of a few years, but for a final derivation of its orbital parameters one needs more up-to-date data. Hence, we call for new observations of this amazing system.
description: Published in: Acta Astronomica, vol 72, no 2, p. 103-111 (2022AcA....72..103Z)
Formation of Molecular-Orbital Bands in a Twisted Hubbard Tube: Implications for Unconventional Superconductivity in K2Cr3As3
Creators: name: Zhong, Hanting
name: Feng, Xiao-Yong
name: Chen, Hua
name: Dai, Jianhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a twisted Hubbard tube modeling the [CrAs] structure of quasi-one-dimensional superconductors A2Cr3As3 (A = K, Rb, Cs). The molecular-orbital bands emerging from the quasi-degenerate atomic orbitals are exactly solved. An effective Hamiltonian is derived for a region where three partially filled bands intersect the Fermi energy. The deduced local interactions among these active bands show a significant reduction compared to the original atomic interactions. The resulting three-channel Luttinger liquid shows various interaction-induced instabilities including two kinds of spin-triplet superconducting instabilities due to gapless spin excitations, with one of them being superseded by the spin-density-wave phase in the intermediate Hund's coupling regime. The implications of these results for the alkali chromium arsenides are discussed.
description: 5 pages + 3 figures + Supplemental Material
การพัฒนาพจนานุกรมอิเล็กทรอนิกส์คำศัพท์สาขาวิชาเทคโนโลยีคอมพิวเตอร์
Creators: name: ธรรมสันต์ สุวรรณ์โรจน์
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer Technology
Dictionary
Electronic
Terminology
พจนานุกรม
ศัพท์
สาขาวิชาเทคโนโลยีคอมพิวเตอร์
อิเล็กทรอนิกส์

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 5, 1, 65-76
High-Fidelity Variable-Rate Image Compression via Invertible Activation Transformation
Creators: name: Cai, Shilv
name: Zhang, Zhijun
name: Chen, Liqun
name: Yan, Luxin
name: Zhong, Sheng
name: Zou, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.2
subject: 68P30

description: Learning-based methods have effectively promoted the community of image compression. Meanwhile, variational autoencoder (VAE) based variable-rate approaches have recently gained much attention to avoid the usage of a set of different networks for various compression rates. Despite the remarkable performance that has been achieved, these approaches would be readily corrupted once multiple compression/decompression operations are executed, resulting in the fact that image quality would be tremendously dropped and strong artifacts would appear. Thus, we try to tackle the issue of high-fidelity fine variable-rate image compression and propose the Invertible Activation Transformation (IAT) module. We implement the IAT in a mathematical invertible manner on a single rate Invertible Neural Network (INN) based model and the quality level (QLevel) would be fed into the IAT to generate scaling and bias tensors. IAT and QLevel together give the image compression model the ability of fine variable-rate control while better maintaining the image fidelity. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the single rate image compression model equipped with our IAT module has the ability to achieve variable-rate control without any compromise. And our IAT-embedded model obtains comparable rate-distortion performance with recent learning-based image compression methods. Furthermore, our method outperforms the state-of-the-art variable-rate image compression method by a large margin, especially after multiple re-encodings.
description: Accept to ACMMM2022
ปัญหาการตอบข้อสอบอัตนัยของนักศึกษา
Creators: name: วิชัย กอสงวนมิตร
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2011
Subjects: Question to Answer
Student
Subjective Examination
ข้อสอบอัตนัย
นักศึกษา
ปัญหาการตอบข้อสอบ

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 5, 1, 77-85
Education of dentists in Thailand
Creators: name: Bird, W.F.
name: Srisilapanan, P.
name: Korwanich, N.
name: Komabayashi, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Thailand is geographically located in southeast Asia and its population is 63 million. Little has been published on dental education in Thailand. This paper provides information about Thailand regarding its dental history, dental school system including curriculum and dental licensure. There are eight public and one private dental school in Thailand. A six-year dental education leads to the DDS degree. On graduation from the public dental schools, dentists are required to work in the public system for three years. Currently, there are approximately 8,000 active dentists, with a dentist: population ratio of approximately 1:7,000.
Optical Devices based on Limit Cycles and Amplification in Semiconductor Optical Cavities
Creators: name: Hamerly, Ryan
name: Mabuchi, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At strong pump powers, a semiconductor optical cavity passes through a Hopf bifurcation and undergoes self-oscillation. We simulate this device using semiclassical Langevin equations and assess the effect of quantum fluctuations on the dynamics. Below threshold, the cavity acts as a phase-insensitive linear amplifier, with noise $\sim 5\times$ larger than the Caves bound. Above threshold, the limit cycle acts as an analog memory, and the phase diffusion is $\sim 10\times$ larger than the bound set by the standard quantum limit. We also simulate entrainment of this oscillator and propose an optical Ising machine and classical CNOT gate based on the effect.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. Applied
Fête patronale de la saint Marcel, préparation de la distribution des paquets de viande
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
การบูรณาการการเรียนการสอนโดยวิธี Storyline Method
Creators: name: พงษ์ยุทธ กล้ายุทธ
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2011
Subjects: -

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 5, 1, 86-92
Exploring privacy-enhancing technologies in the automotive value chain
Creators: name: Garrido, Gonzalo Munilla
name: Schmidt, Kaja
name: Harth-Kitzerow, Christopher
name: Klepsch, Johannes
name: Luckow, Andre
name: Matthes, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) are becoming increasingly crucial for addressing customer needs, security, privacy (e.g., enhancing anonymity and confidentiality), and regulatory requirements. However, applying PETs in organizations requires a precise understanding of use cases, technologies, and limitations. This paper investigates several industrial use cases, their characteristics, and the potential applicability of PETs to these. We conduct expert interviews to identify and classify uses cases, a gray literature review of relevant open-source PET tools, and discuss how the use case characteristics can be addressed using PETs' capabilities. While we focus mainly on automotive use cases, the results also apply to other use case domains.
การพัฒนาชุดทดลองเรื่องการกำทอนของคลื่นในท่ออากาศ
Creators: name: ปรียา อนุพงษ์องอาจ
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2011
Subjects: Closed End Tube
Experiment Set
Wave Resonance in Closed End Tube
การกำทอนของคลื่นในท่ออากาศ
ชุดทดลอง
ท่อปลายเปิด

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 5, 2, 5-19
Electrical plasmon detection in graphene waveguides
Creators: name: Torre, Iacopo
name: Tomadin, Andrea
name: Krahne, Roman
name: Pellegrini, Vittorio
name: Polini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple device architecture that allows all-electrical detection of plasmons in a graphene waveguide. The key principle of our electrical plasmon detection scheme is the non-linear nature of the hydrodynamic equations of motion that describe transport in graphene at room temperature and in a wide range of carrier densities. These non-linearities yield a dc voltage in response to the oscillating field of a propagating plasmon. For illustrative purposes, we calculate the dc voltage arising from the propagation of the lowest-energy modes in a fully analytical fashion. Our device architecture for all-electrical plasmon detection paves the way for the integration of graphene plasmonic waveguides in electronic circuits.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
การพัฒนาโปรแกรมสำเร็จรูปเพื่อการจำแนกผู้ป่วยเบาหวานด้วยภูมิปัญญาไทย
Creators: name: วัฒนา ชยธวัช
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2011
Subjects: Ascendant
Astrology
Diabetes
Thai Traditional Medicine
การแพทย์แผนไทย
ลัคนา
โรคเบาหวาน
โหราศาสตร์

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 5, 2, 20-33
Barlowite: A Spin-1/2 Antiferromagnet with a Geometrically Perfect Kagome Motif
Creators: name: Han, Tian-Heng
name: Singleton, John
name: Schlueter, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present thermodynamic studies of a new spin-1/2 antiferromagnet containing undistorted kagome lattices---barlowite Cu$_{4}$(OH)$_{6}$FBr. Magnetic susceptibility gives $θ_{CW}$ = $-$136 K, while long-range order does not happen until $T_{N}$ = 15 K with a weak ferromagnetic moment $μ$ $
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
The hierarchical cluster analysis of oral health attitudes and behaviour using the Hiroshima University - Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) among final year dental students in 17 countries
Creators: name: Lévy, G.
name: Polychronopoulou, A.
name: Kalwitzki, M.
name: Yip, K.H.-K.
name: Eli, I.
name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Kinirons, M.J.
name: Kawamura, M.
name: Petti, S.
name: Kim, K.-J.
name: Kwan, S.Y.L.
name: Freire, M.D.C.M.
name: Wright, F.A.C.
name: Hu, D.-Y.
name: Declerck, D.
name: Centore, L.S.
name: Honkala, E.
name: Srisilapanan, P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Objective: To explore and describe international oral health attitudes/behaviours among final year dental students. Methods: Validated translated versions of the Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) questionnaire were administered to 1,096 final-year dental students in 17 countries. Hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted within the data to detect patterns and groupings. Results: The overall response rate was 72%. The cluster analysis identified two main groups among the countries. Group 1 consisted of twelve countries: one Oceanic (Australia), one Middle-Eastern (Israel), seven European (Northern Ireland, England, Finland, Greece, Germany, Italy, and France) and three Asian (Korea, Thailand and Malaysia) countries. Group 2 consisted of five countries: one South American (Brazil), one European (Belgium) and three Asian (China, Indonesia and Japan) countries. The percentages of 'agree' responses in three HU-DBI questionnaire items were significantly higher in Group 2 than in Group 1. They include: "I worry about the colour of my teeth."; "I have noticed some white sticky deposits on my teeth."; and "I am bothered by the colour of my gums." Conclusion: Grouping the countries into international clusters yielded useful information for dentistry and dental education.
Education of dentists in China
Creators: name: Kim, K.-J.
name: Hu, D.-Y.
name: Bird, W.F.
name: Tanne, Y.
name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Zhu, Q.
name: Jiang, J.
name: Tanimoto, K.
name: Kirkland, M.D.
name: Toda, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: China is geographically located in the east of Asia and its population exceeds 1.3 billion. An understanding of dental education in China is thus of interest. However, as there is little published information on this topic, this paper provides information about China regarding its dental history, dental school system including curriculum and dental licensure. High school graduates take a nationwide entrance examination to apply for dental school, of which there are more than 50 in China. A five year dental education leads to the BDS degree. Dental school graduates must then pass the nationwide licensure examination to practise dentistry. Currently, there are not adequate numbers of dentists to provide the necessary oral health care for people living outside metropolitan areas.
Transferable measurements of Heredity in models of the Origins of Life
Creators: name: Guttenberg, Nicholas
name: Laneuville, Matthieu
name: Ilardo, Melissa
name: Aubert-Kato, Nathanael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a metric which can be used to compute the amount of heritable variation enabled by a given dynamical system. A distribution of selection pressures is used such that each pressure selects a particular fixed point via competitive exclusion in order to determine the corresponding distribution of potential fixed points in the population dynamics. This metric accurately detects the number of species present in artificially prepared test systems, and furthermore can correctly determine the number of heritable sets in clustered transition matrix models in which there are no clearly defined genomes. Finally, we apply our metric to the GARD model and show that it accurately reproduces prior measurements of the model's heritability.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Effect of the excitation setup in the improved enhancement factor of covered-gold-nanorod-dimer antennas
Creators: name: Ramos, Iván A.
name: Hilario, L. M. León
name: Pedano, María L.
name: Reynoso, Andrés A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Devices possessing the ability to sense both electrically and optically molecular targets are of fundamental and technological interest. Towards this end, it has been shown that covering the ends of gapped gold-nanorod-dimer nanoantennas can improve the enhancement factor (EF) that quantifies the nanoantenna efficiency for surface-enhancement Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for an incident wave coming from the top of the sample. Here, as the covering breaks the top-bottom symmetry, we investigate the behaviour of the EF for excitation coming from the bottom of the sample. This is relevant in presence of a reflecting substrate or due to the placement of the device in a cavity field. We also study the case of a superposition of waves coming from both directions in the limit cases in which a node or an antinode of the total incident field lies at the center of the gold nanorods. In all these situations we find that the EF of the covered device can continue to be higher than for the uncovered case when the geometrical parameters are tuned to the peak values of the calculated enhancement factor.
Comparison of the dental education systems in Korea and Japan
Creators: name: Kawamura, M.
name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Kim, K.J.
name: Heo, S.-M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: In recent years, international relationships in dentistry have grown stronger through journals, books, academies, seminars, researcher exchanges and so forth. Korea and Japan are neighbours in East Asia. However, no comparison of the dental education systems of the two countries has been published. Therefore, the authors have provided the present comparison to promote mutual understanding and to familiarise dentists around the world with dental education in these two countries. The number of dentists, life expectancy at birth, and number of decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) at age 12 years in Korea and Japan are summarised.
On Match Lengths, Zero Entropy and Large Deviations - with Application to Sliding Window Lempel-Ziv Algorithm
Creators: name: Jain, Siddharth
name: Bansal, R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Sliding Window Lempel-Ziv (SWLZ) algorithm that makes use of recurrence times and match lengths has been studied from various perspectives in information theory literature. In this paper, we undertake a finer study of these quantities under two different scenarios, i) \emph{zero entropy} sources that are characterized by strong long-term memory, and ii) the processes with weak memory as described through various mixing conditions. For zero entropy sources, a general statement on match length is obtained. It is used in the proof of almost sure optimality of Fixed Shift Variant of Lempel-Ziv (FSLZ) and SWLZ algorithms given in literature. Through an example of stationary and ergodic processes generated by an irrational rotation we establish that for a window of size $n_w$, a compression ratio given by $O(\frac{\log n_w}{{n_w}^a})$ where $a$ depends on $n_w$ and approaches 1 as $n_w \rightarrow \infty$, is obtained under the application of FSLZ and SWLZ algorithms. Also, we give a general expression for the compression ratio for a class of stationary and ergodic processes with zero entropy. Next, we extend the study of Ornstein and Weiss on the asymptotic behavior of the \emph{normalized} version of recurrence times and establish the \emph{large deviation property} (LDP) for a class of mixing processes. Also, an estimator of entropy based on recurrence times is proposed for which large deviation principle is proved for sources satisfying similar mixing conditions.
description: accepted to appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Comparison of United States and Korean dental hygiene students using the Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI)
Creators: name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Spadafora, A.
name: Kawamura, M.
name: Kim, K.-J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Objective: To compare cross-national differences of dental health behaviour among dental hygiene students. Design: Cross-cultural differences. Setting: United States (USA) and Korea. Subjects and methods: One hundred and twenty-six dental hygiene students in USA and 246 in Korea were surveyed using the Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) (in English and Korean versions respectively). Results: There were considerable differences in oral health behaviour between USA and Korean dental hygiene students. Of great significance were findings that while only a small proportion of the USA students (1%) reported gum bleeding when they brushed their teeth, 37% of the Korean students did so (P<0.001). Furthermore, only 19% of the Korean students had been told by their dentist that they were performing a high level of plaque control, contrasted with 76% of the USA students. Logistic regression model showed that it was possible to distinguish USA students from Korean peers with a probability of more than 90% by using the HU-DBI. Conclusions: There were considerable differences in dental health attitudes/behaviour among dental hygiene students in the two countries. The variation in the favourable attitudes/behaviour toward oral health appeared to reflect the students' clinical training experience in Korea.
Basic of Learning Theory (Behaviorism, Cognitivism, Constructivism, and Humanism)
Creators: name: Muhajirah Muhajirah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: In general, the term learning is understood as the teacher's conscious effort to help students so that they can learn according to their interests and needs. The more aware and professional a teacher is in educating, the better the quality of students and vice versa. Another term that is combined with learning in this article is theory. In a general sense, the method is often associated with a set of concepts, ideas, and procedures that can be learned, analyzed, and verified. So, learning theory is a collection of thoughts, ideas, systems in which how to practice the learning process between teacher and student and other elements related to learning activities. Learning theory itself can be interpreted as a theory that contains procedures for how a teacher applies teaching and learning activities, which will later be used to students both inside and outside the classroom.
Empirically grounded agent-based policy evaluation of the adoption of sustainable lighting under the European Ecodesign Directive
Creators: name: Schoenmacker, Gido H.
name: Jager, Wander
name: Verbrugge, Rineke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Twelve years ago, the European Union began with the gradual phase-out of energy-inefficient incandescent light bulbs under the Ecodesign Directive. In this work, we implement an agent-based simulation to model the consumer behaviour in the EU lighting market with the goal to explain consumer behaviour and explore alternative policies. Agents are based on the Consumat II model, have individual preferences based on empirical market research, gather experience from past actions, and socially interact with each other in a dynamic environment. Our findings suggest that the adoption of energy-friendly lighting alternatives was hindered by a low level of consumer interest combined with high-enough levels of satisfaction about incandescent bulbs and that information campaigns can partially address this. These findings offer insight into both individual-level driving forces of behaviour and society-level outcomes in a niche market. With this, our work demonstrates the strengths of agent-based models for policy generation and evaluation.
Crossover from rotational to stochastic sandpile universality in the random rotational sandpile model
Creators: name: Bhaumik, Himangsu
name: Ahmed, Jahir Abbas
name: Santra, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the rotational sandpile model, either the clockwise or the anti-clockwise toppling rule is assigned to all the lattice sites. It has all the features of a stochastic sandpile model but belongs to a different universality class than the Manna class. A crossover from rotational to Manna universality class is studied by constructing a random rotational sandpile model and assigning randomly clockwise and anti-clockwise rotational toppling rules to the lattice sites. The steady state and the respective critical behaviour of the present model are found to have a strong and continuous dependence on the fraction of the lattice sites having the anti-clockwise (or clockwise) rotational toppling rule. As the anti-clockwise and clockwise toppling rules exist in equal proportions, it is found that the model reproduces critical behaviour of the Manna model. It is then further evidence of the existence of the Manna class, in contradiction with some recent observations of the non-existence of the Manna class.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Disturbance as a factor in influencing herbaceous plant colonization patterns in urban green spaces
Creators: name: Wu, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60302 Biogeography and Phylogeography
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60299 Ecology not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60799 Plant Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: 60207 Population Ecology

description: Metadata, Research Question, & Hypothesis, as well as other details towards project for investigating colonization of urban green spaces by herbaceous species with human activity recognized as a regular disturbance event.
title: Advanced Dual-Ion Batteries with High-Capacity Negative Electrodes Incorporating Black Phosphorus
Creators: name: Wrogemann, Jens Matthies
name: Haneke, Lukas
name: Ramireddy, Thrinathreddy
name: Frerichs, Joop Enno
name: Sultana, Irin
name: Chen, Ying Ian
name: Brink, Frank
name: Hansen, Michael Ryan
name: Winter, Martin
name: Glushenkov, Alexey M.
name: Placke, Tobias
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 660 Chemical engineering and related technologies

description: Dual-graphite batteries (DGBs), being an all-graphite-electrode variation of dual-ion batteries (DIBs), have attracted great attention in recent years as a possible low-cost technology for stationary energy storage due to the utilization of inexpensive graphite as a positive electrode (cathode) material. However, DGBs suffer from a low specific energy limited by the capacity of both electrode materials. In this work, a composite of black phosphorus with carbon (BP-C) is introduced as negative electrode (anode) material for DIB full-cells for the first time. The electrochemical behavior of the graphite || BP-C DIB cells is then discussed in the context of DGBs and DIBs using alloying anodes. Mechanistic studies confirm the staging behavior for anion storage in the graphite positive electrode and the formation of lithiated phosphorus alloys in the negative electrode. BP-C containing full-cells demonstrate promising electrochemical performance with specific energies of up to 319 Wh kg–1 (related to masses of both electrode active materials) or 155 Wh kg–1 (related to masses of electrode active materials and active salt), and high Coulombic efficiency. This work provides highly relevant insights for the development of advanced high-energy and safe DIBs incorporating BP-C and other high-capacity alloying materials in their anodes.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
MgF$_2$ as an effective additive for improving ionic conductivity of ceramic solid electrolytes
Creators: name: Zhou, Pengfei
name: Sun, Kaitong
name: Ji, Shunping
name: Zhao, Zirui
name: Fu, Ying
name: Xia, Junchao
name: Wu, Si
name: Zhu, Yinghao
name: Hui, Kwun Nam
name: Li, Hai-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As typical solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), {Na}$_{1+x}${Zr}$_2${Si}$_{x}${P}$_{3-x}${O}$_{12}$ NASICONs provide an ideal platform for solid-state batteries (SSBs) that display higher safety and accommodate higher energy densities. The critical points for achieving SSBs with higher efficiencies are to improve essentially the ionic conductivity and to reduce largely the interfacial resistance between SSEs and cathode materials, which would necessitate extremely high level of craftsmanship and high-pressure equipment. An alternative to higher-performance and lower-cost SSBs is additive manufacturing. Here, we report on an effective additive, MgF$_2$, which was used in synthesizing NASICONs, resulting in SSEs with fewer defects and higher performance. With an addition of mere 1 wt$\%$ MgF$_2$ additive, the total room-temperature ionic conductivity of the NASICON electrolyte reaches up to 2.03 mS cm$^{-1}$, improved up to $\sim$ 181.3$\%$, with an activation energy of 0.277 eV. Meanwhile, the stability of the Na plating/stripping behavior in symmetric cells increases from 236 to 654 h. We tried to reveal the microscopic origins of the higher ionic conductivity of MgF$_2$-doped NASICONs by comprehensive in-house characterizations. Our study discovers a novel MgF$_2$ additive and provides an efficient way to prepare higher-performance SSEs, making it possible to fabricate lower-cost SSBs in industries.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
A cross-cultural comparison of dental health attitudes and behaviour among freshman dental students in Japan, Hong Kong and West China
Creators: name: Komabayashi, T.
name: De Hu, Y.
name: Yip, H.-K.
name: Kawamura, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Objective: To clarify the differences in dental health attitudes/behaviour among freshman dental students. Design: Cross-cultural differences. Setting: Japan, Hong Kong and West China. Participants and methods: The original version of the Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI) was written in Japanese. After testing the validity of both English and Chinese versions, the original version of the HU-DBI was administered to 58 freshman Japanese dental students, the English version to 43 Hong Kong Chinese peers and the Chinese version to 39 West Chinese peers. Results: Significant cultural differences were found for 16 items out of 20. The most striking result was that the Japanese students were more likely to have used a dye to see how clean their teeth were, compared to their Chinese peers (P<0.001). The Chinese students were less likely to have a belief that they could clean their teeth well without using toothpaste (P<0.001), whereas higher percentages of the Chinese students worried about having bad breath (P<0.001). A higher percentage of the Hong Kong students reported that they regularly checked their teeth in a mirror than did their West Chinese or Japanese peers (P<0.05). Conclusions: There were considerable differences in dental health attitudes/ behaviour among freshman dental students in the three cultural groups.
Long-range correlation studies at the SPS energies in MC model with string fusion
Creators: name: Kovalenko, Vladimir
name: Vechernin, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of the ultrarelativistic collisions of hadrons and nuclei at different centrality and energy enable to explore the QCD phase diagram in a wide range of temperature and baryon density. Long-range correlation studies are considered as a tool, sensitive to the observation of phase transition and the critical point. In the present work, a Monte Carlo model of proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus collisions is applied to heavy and light ion collisions at the cms energy range from a few up to several hundred GeV per nucleon. The model describes the nuclear collisions at the partonic level through interaction of color dipoles and takes into account the effects of string fusion, which can be considered as an alternative to relativistic hydrodynamics way of describing the collective phenomena in heavy-ion collisions. The implementing of both the string fusion and the finite rapidity length of strings allowed to consider the particle production at non-zero baryochemical potential. We calculated the long-range correlation functions and correlation coefficients between multiplicities and transverse momentum at several energies for different colliding systems and obtained predictions for the experiment.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, proc. Baldin ISHEPP XXII
Additional file 1 of Reliability and validity of the German version of the University of Jyvaskyla Active Aging Scale (UJACAS-G)
Creators: name: Hinrichs, Timo
name: Rantanen, Taina
name: Portegijs, Erja
name: Nebiker, Lukas
name: Rössler, Roland
name: Schwendinger, Fabian
name: Schmidt-Trucksäss, Arno
name: Roth, Ralf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Amplitude, density and current correlations of strongly disordered superconductors
Creators: name: Seibold, G.
name: Benfatto, L.
name: Castellani, C.
name: Lorenzana, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the disorder dependence of the static density, amplitude and current correlations within the attractive Hubbard model supplemented with on-site disorder. It is found that strong disorder favors a decoupling of density and amplitude correlations due to the formation of superconducting islands. This emergent granularity also induces an enhancement of the density correlations on the SC islands whereas amplitude fluctuations are most pronounced in the 'insulating' regions. While density and amplitude correlations are short-ranged at strong disorder we show that current correlations have a long-range tail due to the formation of percolative current paths in agreement with the constant behavior expected from the analysis of one-dimensional models.
description: 17 pages, 19 figures; revised discussion and conclusions section; accepted for Physical Review B
Exploitees vs. Exploiters: Dynamics of Exploitation
Creators: name: Qorbani, Davood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Either saying that the market is structured to promote workforce exploitation in some sections or the people who participate there benefit from the existing structure and exploit, exploitation happens - systematically or opportunistically. This research presents a perspective on how workforce exploitation may occur when vulnerable groups voluntarily seek employment in the labor market.
description: 11 pages, conference paper presented at the 40th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society (2022, July 19 - 22), Frankfurt, Germany. (https://proceedings.systemdynamics.org/2022/)
Additional file 1 of Initiation and/or re-initiation of drug use among people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada from 2021 to 2022: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Sergeant, Anjali
name: Bach, Paxton
name: Lei, Jingxin
name: DeBeck, Kora
name: Milloy, M-J
name: Hayashi, Kanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Mental Health
Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Analyzing the Gaussian character of the spectral quantum state of light via quantum noise measurements
Creators: name: Coelho, A. S.
name: Barbosa, F. A. S.
name: Cassemiro, K. N.
name: Martinelli, M.
name: Villar, A. S.
name: Nussenzveig, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaussian quantum states hold special importance in the continuous variable (CV) regime. In quantum information science, the understanding and characterization of central resources such as entanglement may strongly rely on the knowledge of the Gaussian or non-Gaussian character of the quantum state. However, the quantum measurement associated with the spectral photocurrent of light modes consists of a mixture of quadrature observables. Within the framework of two recent papers [Phys. Rev. A 88, 052113 (2013) and Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 200402 (2013)], we address here how the statistics of the spectral photocurrent relates to the character of the Wigner function describing those modes. We show that a Gaussian state can be misidentified as non-Gaussian and vice-versa, a conclusion that forces the adoption of tacit \textit{a priori} assumptions to perform quantum state reconstruction. We experimentally analyze the light beams generated by the optical parametric oscillator (OPO) operating above threshold to show that the data strongly supports the generation of Gaussian states of the field, validating the use of necessary and sufficient criteria to characterize entanglement in this system.
Elution of Bisphenol a from Composite Resin: A Model Experiment
Creators: name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Imai, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: To understand the leaching characteristics of bisphenol A (BPA) from composite resins, we prepared experimental composite resins containing known amounts of BPA and examined the BPA elution from the resins in water and methanol at 37°C. The concentration of BPA in each eluate was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Cumulative BPA release was calculated and plotted against extraction time. The elution of BPA was rapid during a 6-hr period for both solvents, and then declined and continued steadily. Plots of square root of the amount of BPA leached against logarithm of extraction time produced good linear relationships from a 6-hr period thereafter. Extrapolation of the relationship enabled prediction of the amount of BPA to be leached in the long term. The present results suggested that little or no estrogenic effect due to long-term elution of BPA from commercial Bis-GMA-based resins is expected in practice.
Cross-cultural differences of self-reported oral health behaviour in Japanese and Finnish dental students
Creators: name: Komabayashi, T.
name: Kawamura, M.
name: Widström, E.
name: Honkala, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Objective: To determine whether any differences existed in dental health behaviour between Japanese and Finnish dental students. Setting: Hiroshima University School of Dentistry and the University of Helsinki. Design: Comparison of cross-cultural differences of self-reported oral health behaviour. Subjects: Dental students, 337 in Japan and 113 in Finland. Method: Subjects were surveyed using the Japanese and Finnish versions of a 20-item questionnaire entitled Hiroshima University-Dental Behavioural Inventory (HU-DBI). Results: Only 2 per cent of Finnish students reported that they put off going to the dentist until they had toothache, compared to 56 per cent of Japanese students. Similarly, significantly more Japanese students thought that their teeth were getting worse despite their daily brushing, compared to their Finnish peers. The mean HU-DBI score of Year 1 Finnish students was higher than that of their Japanese peers, which suggested a higher level of dental health awareness in Finnish students upon entry into dental school. The mean scores of the Japanese students were lower than those of their Finnish peers until Year 3. The mean scores of Year 5 and Year 6 Japanese students were higher than that of Year 1 students, indicating raised self-care levels influenced by the course in preventive dentistry. The gender difference of the HU-DBI score was not a major feature in either country. Conclusions: Self-reported oral health behaviours seemed to be very different between the two countries, which reflected different culture and/or health education systems of the students.
Measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry in $Λ_b^0$ and $\overline Λ_b^0$ baryon production in $p \overline p$ collisions at $\sqrt s =1.96$ TeV
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the forward-backward asymmetry in the production of $Λ_b^0$ and $\overline Λ_b^0$ baryons as a function of rapidity in $p \overline p $ collisions at $\sqrt s =1.96$ TeV using $10.4$ fb$^{-1}$ of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. The asymmetry is determined by the preference of $Λ_b^0$ or $\overline Λ_b^0$ particles to be produced in the direction of the beam protons or antiprotons, respectively. The measured asymmetry integrated over rapidity $y$ in the range $0.1
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
What could KIDSpec, a new MKID spectrograph, do on the ELT?
Creators: name: Hofmann, V. Benedict
name: O'Brien, Kieran
name: Geng, Deli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) are beginning to become more prominent in astronomical instrumentation, due to their sensitivity, low noise, high pixel count for superconducting detectors, and inherent energy and time resolving capability. The Kinetic Inductance Detector Spectrometer (KIDSpec) will take advantage of these features, KIDSpec is a medium resolution MKID spectrograph for the optical/near infrared. KIDSpec will contribute to many science areas particularly those involving short and/or faint observations. When short period binary systems are found, typical CCD detectors will struggle to characterise these systems due to the very short exposures required, causing errors as large as the estimated parameter itself. The KIDSpec Simulator (KSIM) has been developed to investigate how much KIDSpec could improve on this. KIDSpec was simulated on an ELT class telescope to find the extent of its potential, and it was found that KIDSpec could observe a $m_{V}\approx{24}$ with an SNR of 5 for a 10s exposure at 1420 spectral resolution. This would mean that KIDSpec on an ELT class telescope could spectroscopically follow up on any LSST photometric discoveries of LISA verification sources.
description: Presented at SPIE Astronomical Telescopes & Instrumentation 2022. 7 pages, 4 figures
Insects as bioindicators
Creators: name: Vijay Kumar1* and Gagandeep Singh2
Publisher: name: Trends in Agriculture Science
Year: 2023

description: Industrial revolution, intensive agriculture and growing human population are causing extensive exploitation of natural ecosystem which leads to advanced destruction process of land ecosystem. As ecosystem more complex and their biological communities, it is not easy to directly assess the health of natural environments. Therefore, the use particular taxa e.g. insects, bats, frogs, fish, nematodes etc. that show measurable responses to these changes.  Responses of some species like insects, bats, frogs, fishes, plants etc. to disturbances can be used as a parameter of analysis about levels of change in the environment. Bioindicators are the species or species group that reflects the abiotic or biotic state of an environment, represents the impact of environmental change on a habitat, community, or ecosystems, or indicates the diversity of other species (McGeoch, 1998).