cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Salesperson knowledge of teen-specific vehicle safety features
Creators: name: Weast, Rebecca A.
name: Jenness, James W.
name: De Leonardis, Doreen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Teen drivers experience elevated crash risk compared with experienced adult drivers. Active parental oversight can improve teen driving safety, and several manufacturers have released teen-focused safety features over the past decade. Still, parents don’t always use these systems and often don’t even know their vehicle is equipped. A recent survey found that parents who do know about such systems on their vehicle first learned of them from a salesperson at a dealership. The current study examined how salespeople discuss and sell teen-specific safety systems on vehicles to parents shopping for a new teen driver. The study focused on four vehicle brands. Two researchers posed as the parents of a new teen driver who were shopping for a vehicle for their teen. They entered dealerships and conducted semistructured interviews with the salesperson that approached them, using prompts of increasing specificity about their teen driver and their interest in safety, and tracking at what point each salesperson mentioned their brand’s teen-specific systems, what features they mentioned, and how accurate those mentions were. Thirty of the 40 participating salespeople were able to mention their brand’s teen-specific system at some point during the procedure. Hyundai salespeople most consistently brought up their brand’s teen features, and Chevy salespeople mentioned the most features while Ford salespeople mentioned the fewest. Salespeople often mentioned speed-related features, although the most commonly mentioned features varied by brand. No participating salespeople reported receiving training specifically about their brand’s teen features. Most salespeople approached did mention their brand’s teen-focused safety systems, but did not usually do so until they had received more targeted prompts. Information these salespeople did share was often vague and general. Salespeople are a key source of information about a vehicle’s specific and relevant safety features, and parents without at least some vague preexisting knowledge about the systems or features that could be available on a vehicle of interest are not likely to leave a dealership with a clear idea of all available features that could aid their efforts to keep their teen drivers safe.
Using multinomial regression to explore the spatial factors affecting left-turn oncoming accidents involving motorcycles
Creators: name: Hsu, Tien-Pen
name: Wen, Ku-Lin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In mixed traffic with a high proportion of motorcycles, accidents involving motorcycles usually account for the highest percentage of total accidents and are thus important. Because the motorcycle can easily weave around within the traffic flow, leading to traffic conflicts and accidents, this research analyzed left-turn oncoming collisions at intersections and explored the impacts of crossing positions of the motorcycles and opposite left-turn cars on accident risk. Furthermore, based on the analysis results, possible ways to prevent crashes are proposed. We collected accident videos to develop an image dataset to explore the spatial factors affecting left-turn accidents by multinomial regression model (MNL). In addition, to collect samples without incidents as the reference category of the MNL, this research used post encroachment time analysis to screen the samples of general traffic flow. Finally, elasticity analysis was employed to explore the influences of the spatial factors on incident risk probability. The results showed that the accident risk was significantly affected by the cross-section locations of the left-turn vehicles and motorcycles during the passing process. intersection. When a straight motorcycle travels in the curb lane or an opposite left-turn car does not turn with an appropriate turning trajectory, the risk of a left-turn oncoming collision will increase. Therefore, even if a straight motorcycle has the right-of-way, the operator should choose an appropriate cross-section position and avoid riding to the right of a car when passing through an intersection.
CRTI Priority Areas
Creators: name: Darling, Lindsay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Chicago region, urban forestry

description: The Chicago Region Trees Initiative (CRTI) uses data including surface temperature, canopy cover, vulnerable populations, flooding, and air quality to identify where tree work will have the biggest impact. This story maps displays these layers and shows how CRTI combines them and uses the product to do targeted work.
Kinetische Untersuchung der Rolle von Wasserstoffatomen bei der Pyrolyse von 2,5-Dimethylfuran
Creators: name: Friese, Philipp
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biokraftstoff
Elementarkinetik
2
5-Dimethylfuran
Iodethan

description: Es wurden elementarkinetische Untersuchungen zu Bildung und Verbrauch von Wasserstoffatomen bei der Pyrolyse von 2,5-Dimethylfuran (einem möglichen Biokraftstoff 2. Generation) durchgeführt. Bruttogeschwindigkeitskonstanten und Arrheniusparameter wurden für diese Reaktionen bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Messungen wurden ausführlich mit der Literatur verglichen.
Algorithm-Hardware Co-design for Low-Power Smart Home AI Devices
Creators: name: Iliev, Nikolai
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Recent advances in CMOS VLSI technology have enabled the tremendous growth of devices at the edge of the cloud and in indoor environments: IoT indoor appliances, mobile indoor medical assistants, mobile indoor manufacturing platforms, indoor drone assistants, and others. As anticipated, this growth (in edge-device numbers and capabilities) is generating large communications and data processing workloads for the servers in the cloud. One approach to help manage this trend is to make the edge-nodes more intelligent and able to process more data onboard (within the edge-node) before communicating with the servers. This thesis proposes hardware accelerator solutions to three types of onboard (within platform) processing: Spatial Self-Localization (SSL) which localizes the platform in space, Speaker Recognition (SpkrRec) which allows human voice control of the platform and authentication of the human speaker, and Fully-Connected layer evaluation in Neural Networks ( FC-NN ) for accelerated neural network processing withing the platform. Onboard processing is assumed to include a multi-core SoC (CPU/GPU), conventional SRAM and DRAM memory as well as high bandwidth memory, HBM or 3D-DRAM, and communication and sensing subsystems. The SSL, SpkRec, and FC-NN accelerators can be integrated with the SoC’s peripheral bus structures such as AXI-Stream, AXI-Lite, AXI-HBM, JESD235A, JESD235B, GPMC, DMA, and similar high-speed processor interfaces.
Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer : cancer risk and the personal cost of preventive surgery
Creators: name: Kaurah, Pardeep Kaur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Germline CDH1 mutation carriers are at risk for early-onset diffuse gastric cancer and female carriers have an additional risk of lobular breast cancer. Reliable estimates of cancer risk are essential for genetic counselling and clinical management of mutation carriers. Prophylactic total gastrectomy (PTG) to eliminate the gastric cancer risk is an option for mutation carriers. Current information on post-surgical outcomes and quality of life is limited. The objectives of this research were 1) To improve the evidentiary basis of genetic counselling by deriving reliable estimates of cancer risk in CDH1 mutation carriers; 2) To catalogue a comprehensive list of all novel and previously reported germline mutations to date; and 3) To provide data on post-surgical clinical outcomes and to describe the impact of the surgery on participants’ quality of life. Methods: Penetrance was derived from 67 mutation-positive families comprising 4031 individuals (350 affected with gastric cancer and 99 with breast cancer). Participants were recruited through multiple sources for clinical outcomes and quality of life study. Hospital records provided information on clinical outcomes. All participants were asked to complete validated questionnaires measuring generic and condition specific QOL (PROMIS, EORTC and SF 36v.II) at a single point. Results: By age 75 years, the cumulative incidence of gastric cancer was 70% (95% confidence interval [CI], 40%-94%) for males and 56% (95% CI, 27%-90%) for females. The risk of breast cancer for females was 42% (95% CI, 23%-68%) by 75 years. The mutational landscape of CDH1 did not reveal mutational hotspots but several shared mutations are seen in unrelated families. The 53 participants who had undergone PTG reported frequent symptoms of fatigue (59%), abdominal pain (55%), and diarrhea (45%). Cognitive, role and social function plus the symptoms anxiety, pain, taste, dyspnea and diarrhea were significant predictor variables for quality of life (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our more precise and robust penetrance figures will improve genetic counselling of unaffected carriers. Although this study reveals good overall QOL for individuals after PTG, attention should be given to managing symptoms as part of long term care to further enhance quality of life.
Dynamic is optimal: Effect of three alternative auto-complete on the usability of in-vehicle dialing displays and driver distraction
Creators: name: Zhong, Qi
name: Zhi, Jinyi
name: Guo, Gang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Auto-complete (AC) has become ubiquitous on domain-specific systems and is mainly divided into two types (static-AC and dynamic-AC). Specifically, static-AC only presents the possible completions not changing with user input in the suggestion list for users to select. Dynamic-AC constantly filters out inconsistent content with user input and shows the possible completions at the top of the suggestion list. However, the details of the driver’s interactions with AC in the vehicle are poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated the effect of three alternative AC (non-AC, static-AC, and dynamic-AC) on the usability of in-vehicle dialing displays and driver distraction. As a reference, the baseline task (only driving) was also surveyed in each AC condition. A simulated driving experiment consisting of 24 participants was conducted. The primary task was a lane-keeping task with speed ranging between 60 and 120 km/h over the stretch. The secondary task was dialing an 11-digit phone number. Usability metrics (task completion time and number of errors) and driver distraction metrics (NASA-reduced task load index (NASA-RTLX), mean speed, lateral position variation, total glance time, number of glances, mean glance time, and number of glances over 1.6 s) in each condition were measured. A series of one-way repeated measure analyses of variance was used to examine whether and which type of AC can maximize the usability of in-vehicle dialing displays and minimize driver distraction. Generally, the AC-based in-vehicle dialing display gains a more positive effect. Specifically, we observed that among the three alternative AC conditions, dynamic-AC performed optimally on usability metrics similar to previous studies and various driver distraction metrics, notwithstanding it is still not up to the level of the baseline condition. However, static-AC did not exhibit the advantages described in previous studies except for fewer errors and NASA-RTLX owing to the possibility of position bias and boundary effect. This study provides valuable insights into drivers’ interactions with AC-based in-vehicle dialing displays and broadened its applications in safety-critical situations. More importantly, it informs the design of a more effective in-vehicle system, which positively contributes to mitigating driver distraction and preventing traffic accidents.
Scale Measurement of Cognitive Distortions and Scale Decision-Making Skill.pdf
Creators: name: Rimawi, Omar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170102 Developmental Psychology and Ageing
subject: Developmental and Educational Psychology

description: Relationship between Cognitive Distortions and Decision-Making Skills among Al-Quds University Students
Pendeln oder umziehen? Ursachen und Folgen berufsbedingter räumlicher Mobilität in Deutschland
Creators: name: Pfaff, Simon
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013
Subjects: Mobilität
Räumliche Mobilitätsentscheidungen
Binnenmigration
Pendelmobilität
Lebenszufriedenheit
SOEP
INKAR

description: In Deutschland nimmt die Zahl der Binnenwanderungen kontinuierlich ab, die Pendelmobilität gewinnt stetig an Bedeutung. Dies deutet auf einen Wandel des Mobilitätsverhaltens hin: Erwerbstätige sind zunehmend zum Pendeln über große Distanzen bereit und können dadurch räumlich entfernte Arbeitsmärkte erreichen, ohne dass ein Wohnortwechsel erforderlich ist. Die Dissertation greift diese Beobachtungen auf und widmet sich den Ursachen sowie Folgen berufsbedingter räumlicher Mobilität.
Consensus Statement on the use of Automation when Checking the Disclosure Risk of Research Outputs
Creators: name: Oldfield, Katie
name: Robinson, Layla
name: Stokes, Pete
name: Guthrie, Eilidh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Disclosure
privacy
trust

description: This consensus statement has been written to encapsulate a set of principles around the use of automated processes when checking that research outputs derived from confidential data do not breach personal privacy.
These principles were derived during the DARE UK funded project SACRO, in consultation with a range of stakeholders, including the public. They apply in both the development and implementation of semi-automated output checking, in Trusted Research Environments (TREs) and other organisations producing outputs from confidential data.
We are particularly grateful to  Members of OpenSafely Digital Critical Friends and the Scottish Administrative Data Research Public Panel for their input
The Exponential Time Complexity of Computing the Probability That a Graph is Connected
Creators: name: Husfeldt, Thore
name: Taslaman, Nina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that for every probability p with 0 < p < 1, computation of all-terminal graph reliability with edge failure probability p requires time exponential in Omega(m/ log^2 m) for simple graphs of m edges under the Exponential Time Hypothesis.
description: To appear in 5th International Symposium on Parameterized and Exact Computation (IPEC 2010), December 13-15, 2010, Chennai, India, Springer LNCS, 2010
Rare events in population genetics: Stochastic tunneling in a two-locus model with recombination
Creators: name: Altland, Alexander
name: Fischer, Andrej
name: Krug, Joachim
name: Szendro, Ivan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of a population in a two-locus genotype space, in which the negative effects of two single mutations are overcompensated in a high fitness double mutant. We discuss how the interplay of finite population size, $N$, and sexual recombination at rate $r$ affects the escape times $t_\mathrm{esc}$ to the double mutant. For small populations demographic noise generates massive fluctuations in $t_\mathrm{esc}$. The mean escape time varies non-monotonically with $r$, and grows exponentially as $\ln t_{\mathrm{esc}} \sim N(r - r^\ast)^{3/2}$ beyond a critical value $r^\ast$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The application of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy sensor system for real time ore classification
Creators: name: Cordova Torres, Rodrigo Fernando
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) is a geoanalytical tool capable of identifying elements, and measuring element concentrations and the composition of rock samples. LIBS is a method based on a laser energy pulse that creates an ablation in the surface of a rock sample and the ionization of photons to produce a breakdown of the sample’s elemental composition. The ionization process can be captured to produce a spectrum that contains information about elemental composition. The wavelength is used to identify elements, and its intensity peaks are used to identify the concentrations of the element. The mining production cycle involves such processes as rock support, drilling, blasting, loading, hauling, dumping, reclamation and ventilation, depending on the mining method. Although pre-sorting, pre-concentration and classification techniques have been applied to aspects of mineral processing after the mining cycle, this research proposes the use of LIBS in the mining cycle, and defines the basic capabilities of a sensor with potential applications in the drilling and loading cycle, particularly with respect to shovels, drills and belt conveyors. The purpose of LIBS is not to provide an accurate measurement of the target mineral, which in this research is Copper ore, but responses from different elements that can be mineralogically and statistically related to obtain a predicted concentration of the target mineral. In this paper, the methodologies and the foundations of LIBS have been developed as a sensor and proxy to an ore sorting system for the real-time in situ classification of rock material. The research is based on samples from the Escondida Mine located in the north of Chile. The samples are divided into groups of Oxides and Sulphides. The results reveal the ability to predict Oxides, Sulphides and the discrimination of Oxide and Sulphide ores. The prediction regarding the target ores is obtained by comparing the LIBS data to Certified Analysis with ICP techniques. The results include models for the prediction of Cu content for Oxides and Sulphide ore types by LIBS analysis, as well as the discrimination of Oxide ores from Sulphide ores using this technology.
On the Correspondence between Display Postulates and Deep Inference in Nested Sequent Calculi for Tense Logics
Creators: name: Gore, Rajeev
name: Postniece, Linda
name: Tiu, Alwen F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: We consider two styles of proof calculi for a family of tense logics, presented in a formalism based on nested sequents. A nested sequent can be seen as a tree of traditional single-sided sequents. Our first style of calculi is what we call "shallow calculi", where inference rules are only applied at the root node in a nested sequent. Our shallow calculi are extensions of Kashima's calculus for tense logic and share an essential characteristic with display calculi, namely, the presence of structural rules called "display postulates". Shallow calculi enjoy a simple cut elimination procedure, but are unsuitable for proof search due to the presence of display postulates and other structural rules. The second style of calculi uses deep-inference, whereby inference rules can be applied at any node in a nested sequent. We show that, for a range of extensions of tense logic, the two styles of calculi are equivalent, and there is a natural proof theoretic correspondence between display postulates and deep inference. The deep inference calculi enjoy the subformula property and have no display postulates or other structural rules, making them a better framework for proof search.
Pair Production of Fourth Family Charged Sleptons at $e^{+}e^{-}$ Colliders
Creators: name: Ari, V.
name: Cakir, O.
name: Cakir, I. T.
name: Sultansoy, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pair production of $\tilde{l}_{4}$, which is the supersymmetric partner of the fourth family charged lepton, at the $e^{+}e^{-}$ colliders. It is shown that the investigation of this process at ILC/CLIC will give opportunity to differentiate the MSSM with three and four families.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
One-zone models for spheroidal galaxies with a central supermassive black-hole. Self-regulated Bondi accretion
Creators: name: Lusso, E.
name: Ciotti, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of a one-zone evolutionary model, we study the co-evolution of supermassive black holes and their host galaxies, as a function of the accretion radiative efficiency, dark matter content, and cosmological infall of gas. In particular, the radiation feedback is computed by using the self-regulated Bondi accretion. The models are characterized by strong oscillations when the galaxy is in the AGN state with a high accretion luminosity. We found that these one-zone models are able to reproduce two important phases of galaxy evolution, namely an obscured-cold phase when the bulk of star formation and black hole accretion occur, and the following quiescent hot phase in which accretion remains highly sub-Eddington. A Compton-thick phase is also found in almost all models, associated with the cold phase. An exploration of the parameter space reveals that the closest agreement with the present-day Magorrian relation is obtained, independently of the dark matter halo mass, for galaxies with a low-mass seed black hole, and the accretion radiative efficiency ~0.1.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 12 pages, 5 figures
A Search for leptophilic Z_(l) boson at future linear colliders
Creators: name: Kara, S. O.
name: Sahin, M.
name: Sultansoy, S.
name: Turkoz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possible dynamics associated with leptonic charge in future linear colliders. Leptophilic massive vector boson, Z_(l), have been investigated through the process e^(+)e^(-) -> mu^(+)mu^(-). We have shown that ILC and CLIC will give opportunity to observe Z_(l) with masses up to the center of mass energy if the corresponding coupling constant g_(l) exceeds 10^(-3).
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Physical properties of carbon nanotube/graphene junctions
Creators: name: Robert, Pablo T.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Graphene
Contact resistance
Nanostructures
Carbon-nanotubes

description: New connecting techniques for graphene have to be developed to ensure a better device integration for this astonishing material. The use of carbon nanotubes, a material closely related to graphene as connecting material is a promising option to explore. In this work, the interface between carbon nanotube and graphene has been addressed. A range of properties have been determined ranging from structural parameters to electrical transport behaviour.
High Water Marks in Hedge Fund Management Contracts
Creators: name: Sevostiyanova, Margarita
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: High Water Mark
Optimal Contract

description: The thesis provides a theoretical rationale for the inclusion of high water mark (HWM) provisions in hedge fund management contracts. The results show (i) fund managers with better information about future fund profitability, have more incentives to efficiently close the fund it contracts include HWMs. (ii) Contracts with HWMs cause fund managers to smooth performance. HWMs provide both the incentive to underreport returns in good times as well as to overreport returns during difficult periods.
Hierarchy of hydraulic and energy conservation actions at water supply systems
Creators: name: Raminelli, Liliane Klemann
name: Santos, Daniel Costa Dos
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Water supply systems (WSS) in developing countries present high water loss and energy consumption rates, thus strategies for conservation of these resources are needed. The challenge is to define which strategies offer better results based on multiple criteria and on the different interests of the stakeholders involved. The objective of this study is to apply the decision support tool, named Water Supply Systems Management (WSSM), which uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process, to establish a hierarchy between the strategies. A case study was carried out in Curitiba, Brazil. Three strategies were selected: leak detection and correction, rational use of water, and the replacement of old water mains. These strategies were evaluated according to implementation cost, flow rate, energy consumption, and population coverage criteria. The leak detection and correction was ranked as the best option. The results of this study show this tool helps to devise guidelines for the efficient use of water and energy in the WSS.
Black Hole Entropy and the Modified Uncertainty Principle: A heuristic analysis
Creators: name: Majumder, Barun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Ali et.al.(2009) proposed a Generalized Uncertainty Principle (or GUP) with a linear term in momentum (accompanied by Plank length). Inspired by this idea here we calculate the quantum corrected value of a Schwarzschild black hole entropy and a Reissner-Nordstrom black hole with double horizon by utilizing the proposed generalized uncertainty principle. We find that the leading order correction goes with the square root of the horizon area contributing positively. We also find that the prefactor of the logarithmic contribution is negative and the value exactly matches with some earlier existing calculations. With the Reissner-Nordstrom black hole we see that this model independent procedure is not only valid for single horizon spacetime but also valid for spacetimes with inner and outer horizons.
description: 8 pages, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Compensation, Incentives and Risk-Taking in Principal-Agent Models
Creators: name: Urban, Sebastian Philipp
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Principal-Agent
High-Water Mark
Risk
Incentives
Portfolio Optimization

description: Two parties with distinct goals interact in a financial market: The risk-constrained principal provides some capital and employs the agent to invest and subsequently control the portfolio in his name. A performance-related wage schedule is agreed to compensate the agent for her actions. We investigate how risk can be transferred in this setup and what incentives are set by various contracts. In particular the high-water mark portfolio problem in discrete-time is solved.
Strain and correlation of self-organized Ge_(1-x)Mn_x nanocolumns embedded in Ge (001)
Creators: name: Tardif, S.
name: Favre-Nicolin, V.
name: Lançon, F.
name: Arras, E.
name: Jamet, M.
name: Barski, A.
name: Porret, C.
name: Bayle-Guillemaud, P.
name: Pochet, P.
name: Devillers, T.
name: Rovezzi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the structural properties of Ge_(1-x)Mn_x layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy. In these layers, nanocolumns with a high Mn content are embedded in an almost-pure Ge matrix. We have used grazing-incidence X-ray scattering, atomic force and transmission electron microscopy to study the structural properties of the columns. We demonstrate how the elastic deformation of the matrix (as calculated using atomistic simulations) around the columns, as well as the average inter-column distance can account for the shape of the diffusion around Bragg peaks.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Enteric pathogens in flood-related waters in urban areas of the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: a case study of Ninh Kieu district, Can Tho city
Creators: name: Huynh, Thi Thao Nguyen
name: Nguyen, Hong Quan
name: Vinh, Phat Voong
name: Baker, Stephen
name: Assela Pathirana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This paper investigates the contamination of floodwaters in the urban center of Can Tho city, Vietnam. We sampled water from sewers, surface water bodies, and flood, before, during, and after specific flooding events. Total nucleic acid was extracted from the samples and subjected to a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to detect specific enteric pathogens. The difference between pathogen concentrations in floodwater and sewer water was compared by using the Mann Whitney U test. Correlations between the different pathogens were determined using the non-parametric Spearman test. E. coli and Rotavirus-A were the most prevalent pathogens in floodwater. We observed a weak association between E. coli and Rotavirus in flood-related waters (r E. coli and Rotavirus A concentrations (p > 0.05). Our results indicate that floodwater poses a significant urban public health risk due to the presence of enteric pathogens.
Catalytic Reforming of Higher Hydrocarbon Fuels to Hydrogen: Process Investigations with Regard to Auxiliary Power Units
Creators: name: Kaltschmitt, Torsten
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Partial oxidation
Rhodium
Hydrogen production

description: This thesis discusses the investigation of the catalytic partial oxidation on rhodium-coated honeycomb catalysts with respect to the conversion of a model surrogate fuel and commercial diesel fuel into hydrogen for the use in auxiliary power units. Furthermore, the influence of simulated tail-gas recycling was investigated.
Trends in pediatric passenger restraint use by rurality and age in Iowa, 2006–2019
Creators: name: Hamann, Cara J.
name: Missikpode, Celestin
name: Peek-Asa, Corinne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Pediatric restraint use has increased over time in the United States, but motor vehicle crashes remain a leading cause of death for children under age 18. Age-appropriate use of safety restraints (safety seats, booster seats, seat belt) and statewide child restraint laws can greatly reduce injury or death in the event of a crash. Surveillance of pediatric restraint use and compliance with policy can inform prevention efforts. This study aims to examine time trends in pediatric restraint use and compliance with pediatric passenger laws in Iowa by rurality and age. Fourteen years of Iowa observational pediatric restraint use data (2006–2019) are included in this cross-sectional study. Proportions of restrained youth by year, age, and rurality (rural, urban) were calculated. Log-linear models were used to compute the Annual Percent Change (APC) by year to explore trends in restraint use over time by rurality and by age group. A total of 42,007 observed pediatric passengers with complete data from 2006 to 2019 were included in this study. Restraint use increased across all years and all age groups observed, with the largest increases among the older pediatric age groups. However, restraint use was consistently highest among the youngest child passengers. With all study years combined, the odds of being compliantly restrained were 13% lower in rural areas (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.80, 0.95) compared to urban areas. Restraint use was lower in rural areas and among older pediatric passengers, suggesting targeted efforts to increase restraint use among these groups may have the greatest impact on overall occupant protection.
Ein integraler stochastischer Ansatz zur automatischen Bestimmung von Personentrajektorien aus Luftbildsequenzen
Creators: name: Schmidt, Florian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Luftbildsequenzen
Detektion
Tracking
Personen

description: In dieser Arbeit wird eine Strategie entwickelt, umgesetzt und evaluiert, die es ermöglicht, automatisch Einzelpersonen in Luftbildsequenzen zu erkennen und ihre Bewegung zu verfolgen. Hierfür werden erstmals die aussehensbasierte Detektion mit implizitem Objektmodell und das Multi-Hypothesen-Tracking-Verfahren in einem stochastischen Ansatz kombiniert.
Legends/Making/Space: Teaching and Learning at YOUmedia in Hartford, Connecticut
Creators: name: Killian, Virginia
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Opportunities and spaces for youth to engage in interest-driven multimodal production have expanded in the past decade (Halverson & Sheridan, 2014; Ito et al., 2013; Magnifico, Curwood & Lammers, 2015). This study explores one such space, YOUmedia in Hartford, Connecticut and the interactions of people, space, and things across a complex assemblage within a defined context, and how those interactions produced opportunities for youth to mean and make meaning, to see and be seen, to know and be known. This case study of YOUmedia at the Hartford Public Library relied on observations, interviews, audio, video, photographs, and youth-produced artifacts to capture a sense of the ways young people shared and made meaning in an open-ended, interest-powered space. Major findings from this investigation include the opportunities to learn produced by the librarians’ decision to bend the attendance rules and allow young people 20-24, whom the librarians called “Legends,” to continue to access the space and its resources. Additionally, this study found that YOUmedia’s spatial and social designs gave youth opportunity to engaged in acts of composing and making that “held space” sonically, physically, and materially. Finally, this study found that Hartford Public Library staff supported and protected a space of caring and creativity by their engagement at the periphery of activity. Implications for research and practice include the needs of 18-24 year olds of a continuum of care and opportunity to participate in and hold space in the public creative spaces that they have come to value; and the importance of holistic, institution-wide commitment to protecting and activating youth-centered spaces in youth-centered ways.
title: Sphinx de Delphes
Creators: name: Loïc Espinasse
name: Tournon-Valiente, Sarah
name: Archeovision
Publisher: name: Archeovision
Year: 2005

description: Le sphinx fut découvert lors des grandes fouilles de la fin du XIXe siècle, il fut vraisemblablement offert par les Naxiens. Il s'agit d'une des plus anciennes statues monumentales découvertes à Delphes, entièrement en marbre de Naxos.
Disability scores rate changes and predictors among road traffic injury victims admitted at Gondar specialized comprehensive hospital northwest Ethiopia: A prospective follow-up study
Creators: name: Denu, Zewditu Abdissa
name: Yassin, Mensur Osman
name: Yesuf, Muhammed
name: Azale, Telake
name: Biks, Gashaw Andargie
name: Gelaye, Kassahun Alemu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Measuring the level of disability following trauma is a key step for secondary and tertiary level trauma prevention. It can give important evidence for decision-makers and program implementers on the need for establishing rehabilitation centers. This is a longitudinal follow-up study on 235 road traffic injury survivors. Patients were followed for 12 months, and the outcome was ascertained using the brief WHODAS-II 12-item instrument at 1, 3, 6, and 12-months post-injury. The level of disability was divided into five groups from no disability to very severe based on their disability scores. Work status was assessed at each survey using a single question “are you back to work?” We employed a linear mixed model to identify disability scores changes over time and risk factors associated with disability. Statistically, a significant association was declared at p The overall mean disability score was 24.9 ± 11.3 at one month and 8.3 ± 6.4 after 12 months of injury. Disability score has decreased by 1.3 units over time during 12 months post-injury. Functional limitation persisted on 25–88% of participants at specific dimensions of disability at the end of the study. After a year of injury, 44% of participants didn’t return to work. Injury severity score (β = 0.47, p p p The current study demonstrated that, though there was a decrease in disability score over time, a significant number of participants were with some degree of limitation after one year of injury, and nearly half of them didn’t return to work. Shortening of long waiting times and counseling services need to be considered by the hospital. Community-based Rehabilitation centers (CBR) should be expanded. Further study should be conducted to uncover the reasons for preferring traditional bone fixers over medical management.
Die Entstehung des Karlsruher Stadtbahnsystems 1957 bis 2004
Creators: name: Allgeier, Jochen
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013
Subjects: Stadtbahn
Straßenbahn
ÖPNV

description: Die Arbeit umreißt die Entstehung des Karlsruher Stadtbahnsystems, das in Deutschland als Karlsruher Modell, außerhalb Deutschlands als Tram-Train, bekannt geworden ist. Dabei wird die Entwicklung vom ersten Meilenstein, der Umspurung der Albtalbahn, über die erste Benutzung einer ehemaligen DB-Strecke bis zum Befahren von DB-Strecken im Mischbetrieb mit Zweisystem-Stadtbahnwagen und Vollbahnfahrzeugen dargestellt.
Solar hydrogen generation through overall water splitting on gallium-zinc oxynitride visible-light activated photocatalyst
Creators: name: Adeli Koudehi, Babak
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: In this study, novel approaches for the development of solar-responsive photocatalysts for water splitting are investigated, with a focus on the gallium-zinc oxynitride solid solution (GaN:ZnO). A facile synthesis technique was developed for the fabrication of nanoporous GaN:ZnO photocatalyst. The synthesis time was reduced substantially to 12 min (from original 10+ h) as the result of effective solid–solid and gas–solid reactant interactions at the nanoscale. The synthesized photocatalyst samples were characterized for their optical, structural, and photochemical properties. Despite the short synthesis time, the prepared nanoporous GaN:ZnO photocatalyst maintained the overall visible-light water splitting activities at reasonable rates, reaching to the maximum apparent quantum efficiency of 2.71% at 420–440 nm. Decoration of the photocatalyst surface with the optimal amount of various hydrogen and oxygen evolution co-catalyst materials through photo-deposition and impregnation was investigated. Our experimental and characterization data suggest a mechanism for minimizing the effect of the undesired charge recombination and reverse reaction through the utilization of structural nanopores as the active water splitting regions. To reduce the recombination of photo-excited charges, the hybridization of GaN:ZnO photocatalyst on highly conductive graphene support was studied. Effective electrochemical interaction between composite components was confirmed through material characterization, photo-induced conversion of graphene oxide to reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and visual observation of co-catalyst nanoparticles on the surface of the conductive nanosheets. The GaN:ZnO-rGO composite photocatalyst exhibited ~70% improvement in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Finally, a number of approaches for the synthesis of one-dimensional (1-D) GaN:ZnO photocatalysts were studied. A novel direct fabrication route for 1-D GaN:ZnO through gold-catalyzed atmospheric pressure chemical vapour deposition was proposed. The material characterization data indicated that the proposed method is capable of preparing 1-D GaN:ZnO nanostructures with a wide range of morphologies, including nanofibers and nanowires, via vapour–liquid–solid epitaxy. In addition, via the proposed method, the dimensions of the obtained nanomaterials can be tailored. The synthesized GaN:ZnO nanowires demonstrated promising sacrificial hydrogen evolution compared to the powder and nanofiber photocatalysts. The work presented in this research provides an in-depth understanding of the nanoscale fabrication and optimization of GaN:ZnO photocatalysts for visible-light hydrogen generation.
Forced motion near black holes
Creators: name: Gair, Jonathan R.
name: Flanagan, Eanna E.
name: Drasco, Steve
name: Hinderer, Tanja
name: Babak, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two methods for integrating forced geodesic equations in the Kerr spacetime, which can accommodate arbitrary forces. As a test case, we compute inspirals under a simple drag force, mimicking the presence of gas. We verify that both methods give the same results for this simple force. We find that drag generally causes eccentricity to increase throughout the inspiral. This is a relativistic effect qualitatively opposite to what is seen in gravitational-radiation-driven inspirals, and similar to what is observed in hydrodynamic simulations of gaseous binaries. We provide an analytic explanation by deriving the leading order relativistic correction to the Newtonian dynamics. If observed, an increasing eccentricity would provide clear evidence that the inspiral was occurring in a non-vacuum environment. Our two methods are especially useful for evolving orbits in the adiabatic regime. Both use the method of osculating orbits, in which each point on the orbit is characterized by the parameters of the geodesic with the same instantaneous position and velocity. Both methods describe the orbit in terms of the geodesic energy, axial angular momentum, Carter constant, azimuthal phase, and two angular variables that increase monotonically and are relativistic generalizations of the eccentric anomaly. The two methods differ in their treatment of the orbital phases and the representation of the force. In one method the geodesic phase and phase constant are evolved together as a single orbital phase parameter, and the force is expressed in terms of its components on the Kinnersley orthonormal tetrad. In the second method, the phase constants of the geodesic motion are evolved separately and the force is expressed in terms of its Boyer-Lindquist components. This second approach is a generalization of earlier work by Pound and Poisson for planar forces in a Schwarzschild background.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D; v2 has minor changes for consistency with published version, plus a new section discussing the relative advantages of the two approaches
Commensal Gut Microbiota Modulates the Susceptibility to Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Creators: name: Sungjoon Cho
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) can cause severe hepatotoxicity. APAP-induced hepatotoxicity exhibits large inter-individual variability and the risk factor(s) for the susceptibility remain unclear. Human body harbors trillions of bacteria in the gut which have huge impact on host physiology.Therefore, we hypothesized that differential gut microbiota modulate APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and can be a potential risk factor for APAP hepatotoxicity In chapter 1, we summarize the mechanism of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and previous studies which suggest the role of gut microbiota in APAP metabolism and/or APAP hepatotoxicity. In Chapter 2, our findings which suggest the role of gut microbiota in modulating the susceptibility to APAP toxicity and underlying mechanism are described. C57BL/6 mice from different vendors, Jackson (JAX) or Taconic (TAC), showed different response to APAP hepatotoxicity where TAC mice developed higher toxicity which disappeared upon cohousing. Transplantation of cecum materials collected from JAX or TAC mice to germ free (GF) mice recapitulated difference in APAP hepatotoxicity observed in JAX and TAC mice. Using unbiased metabolomics profiling with portal vein serum and liver tissues and in vitro toxicity screening test with mouse primary hepatocytes, we identified a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, 3-phenylpropionate (PPA) whose levels were higher in cecum and serum from mice harboring JAX gut microbiota, reduced APAP hepatotoxicity. Supplementation of PPA in drinking water alleviated APAP hepatotoxicity in vivo. To determine underlying mechanism of PPA mediated protection against APAP hepatotoxicity, we performed time course experiments using mice treated with PPA or normal water and found that PPA decreased CYP2E1 protein expression, a major drug metabolizing enzyme responsible for bioactivation of APAP to NAPQI, a toxic metabolite which consequently led to low bioactivation of APAP to NAPQI (a critical initiating step for APAP hepatotoxicity). Mice with JAX gut microbiota which increases PPA level in the host also exhibited lower CYP2E1 protein expression and activity of NAPQI formation. This suggest that JAX gut microbiota reduces APAP hepatotoxicity by increasing PPA level in the host which decreases CYP2E1 protein expression and thus NAPQI formation. Findings from this study demonstrated gut microbiota-liver interaction mediated by a gut bacteria-derived metabolite in modulating APAP hepatotoxicity.