cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
COol Companions ON Ultrawide orbiTS (COCONUTS). I. A High-Gravity T4 Benchmark around an Old White Dwarf and A Re-Examination of the Surface-Gravity Dependence of the L/T Transition
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhoujian
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Magnier, Eugene A.
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel
name: Tucker, Michael A.
name: Do, Aaron
name: Payne, Anna V.
name: Shappee, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first discovery from the COol Companions ON Ultrawide orbiTS (COCONUTS) program, a large-scale survey for wide-orbit planetary and substellar companions. We have discovered a co-moving system COCONUTS-1, composed of a hydrogen-dominated white dwarf (PSO J058.9855+45.4184; $d=31.5$ pc) and a T4 companion (PSO J058.9869+45.4296) at a $40.6''$ (1280 au) projected separation. We derive physical properties for COCONUTS-1B from (1) its near-infrared spectrum using cloudless Sonora atmospheric models, and (2) its luminosity and the white dwarf's age ($7.3_{-1.6}^{+2.8}$ Gyr) using Sonora evolutionary models. The two methods give consistent temperatures and radii, but atmospheric models infer a lower surface gravity and therefore an unphysically young age. Assuming evolutionary model parameters ($T_{\rm eff}=1255^{+6}_{-8}$ K, $\log{g}=5.44^{+0.02}_{-0.03}$ dex, $R=0.789^{+0.011}_{-0.005}$ R$_{\rm Jup}$), we find cloudless model atmospheres have brighter Y- and J-band fluxes than the data, suggesting condensate clouds have not fully dispersed around 1300 K. The W2 flux (4.6 $μ$m) of COCONUTS-1B is fainter than models, suggesting non-equilibrium mixing of CO. To investigate the gravity dependence of the L/T transition, we compile all 60 known L6-T6 benchmarks and derive a homogeneous set of temperatures, surface gravities, and masses. As is well-known, young, low-gravity late-L dwarfs have significantly fainter, redder near-infrared photometry and $\approx200-300$ K cooler temperatures than old, high-gravity objects. Our sample now reveals such gravity dependence becomes weaker for T dwarfs, with young objects having comparable near-infrared photometry and $\approx100$ K cooler temperatures compared to old objects. Finally, we find that young objects have a larger amplitude J-band brightening than old objects, and also brighten at H band as they cross the L/T transition.
description: ApJ, in press. 54 pages including 16 figures and 5 tables
Massive Dark-matter halos and Evolution of Early-type Galaxies to z=1
Creators: name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Koopmans, Leon V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Shortened) The combination of lensing and stellar dynamics breaks the mass-anisotropy degeneracy and provides stringent constraints on the mass distribution in early-type (E/S0) galaxies out to z~1. We present the combined results from the five field E/S0 lens galaxies at z=0.5-1.0 analyzed as part of the LSD Survey. We find: (i) Constant M/L models are ruled out at >99% CL for all five E/S0s. The projected dark-matter mass fractions inside the Einstein (effective) radius is f_DM=0.37-0.72 (0.15-0.65) for isotropic models. (ii) The average power-law slope of the total mass distribution is =1.75+-0.10 for isotropic models with 0.20 rms scatter. The ratio between the observed central stellar velocity dispersion and that from the best-fit SIE lens model is ==0.87+-0.04 with 0.08 rms. Considering that γ'>2 and f_SIE>1 have been reported for other systems, we conclude that there is a significant intrinsic scatter in the density slopes of E/S0s (rms \~15%). Hence, the isothermal approximation is not sufficiently accurate for applications that depend critically on the slope of the mass density profile (i.e. measuring H_0). (iii) The inner power-law slope of the dark-matter halo is constrained to be =1.3(+0.2/-0.4) (68% CL) for the isotropic model or an upper limit of γ<0.6, if the galaxies are radially anisotropic (r_i=R_e). This is consistent with numerical simulations only for an isotropic velocity ellipsoid and if baryonic collapse and star-formation do not steepen dark-matter density profiles. (iv) The average stellar M/L evolves as d\log(M_*/L_B)/dz =-0.72+-0.10, obtained via the FP. Based on lensing and dynamics we find d\log(M_*/L_B)/dz=-0.75+-0.17, indicating that the M/L ratio evolution for our sample of field E/S0s is faster than those in clusters.
description: ApJ in press; 24 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables; minor changes in response to the referee's comments. Conclusions unchanged
Discrete and continuous representations and processing in deep learning: Looking forward
Creators: name: Cartuyvels, Ruben
name: Spinks, Graham
name: Moens, Marie-Francine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discrete and continuous representations of content (e.g., of language or images) have interesting properties to be explored for the understanding of or reasoning with this content by machines. This position paper puts forward our opinion on the role of discrete and continuous representations and their processing in the deep learning field. Current neural network models compute continuous-valued data. Information is compressed into dense, distributed embeddings. By stark contrast, humans use discrete symbols in their communication with language. Such symbols represent a compressed version of the world that derives its meaning from shared contextual information. Additionally, human reasoning involves symbol manipulation at a cognitive level, which facilitates abstract reasoning, the composition of knowledge and understanding, generalization and efficient learning. Motivated by these insights, in this paper we argue that combining discrete and continuous representations and their processing will be essential to build systems that exhibit a general form of intelligence. We suggest and discuss several avenues that could improve current neural networks with the inclusion of discrete elements to combine the advantages of both types of representations.
Compact U(1) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions and the physics of low dimensional insulating materials
Creators: name: Nogueira, F. S.
name: Smiseth, J.
name: Smoergrav, E.
name: Sudbo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact abelian gauge theories in $d=2+1$ dimensions arise often as an effective field-theoretic description of models of quantum insulators. In this paper we review some recent results about the compact abelian Higgs model in $d=2+1$ in that context.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; based on talk by F.S. Nogueira in the Aachen HEP2003 conference
Location of lesion determines motor vs. cognitive consequences in patients with cerebellar stroke
Creators: name: Stoodley, Catherine
name: MacMore, Jason P.
name: Makris, Nikos
name: Sherman, Janet C.
name: Schmahmann, Jeremy Dan
Publisher: name: NeuroImage Clinical
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Cerebellar lesions can cause motor deficits and/or the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome (CCAS; Schmahmann's syndrome). We used voxel-based lesion-symptommapping to test the hypothesis that the cerebellar motor syndrome results from anterior lobe damage whereas lesions in the posterolateral cerebellum produce the CCAS. Eighteen patients with isolated cerebellar stroke (13 males, 5 females; 20–66 years old) were evaluated using measures of ataxia and neurocognitive ability. Patients showed a wide range of motor and cognitive performance, from normal to severely impaired; individual deficits varied according to lesion location within the cerebellum. Patients with damage to cerebellar lobules III–VI had worse ataxia scores: as predicted, the cerebellar motor syndrome resulted from lesions involving the anterior cerebellum. Poorer performance on fine motor tasks was associated primarily with strokes affecting the anterior lobe extending into lobule VI, with right-handed finger tapping and peg-placement associated with damage to the right cerebellum, and lefthanded finger tapping associatedwith left cerebellar damage. Patientswith the CCAS in the absence of cerebellar motor syndrome had damage to posterior lobe regions,with lesions leading to significantly poorer scores on language (e.g. right Crus I and II extending through IX), spatial (bilateral Crus I, Crus II, and right lobule VIII), and executive function measures (lobules VII–VIII). These data reveal clinically significant functional regions underpinning movement and cognition in the cerebellum, with a broad anterior-posterior distinction. Motor and cognitive outcomes following cerebellar damage appear to reflect the disruption of different cerebro-cerebellar motor and cognitive loops.
Campoplex capitator Aubert 1960
Creators: name: Giovanni, Filippo Di
name: Scaramozzino, Pier Luigi
name: Loni, Augusto
name: Lucchi, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Campoplex
Campoplex capitator

description: 5. Campoplex capitator
 ex Ancylis mitterbacheriana on Quercus pubescens (MSNV). The record of Aubert (1983) consists of a single male collected in Liguria (Passo Turchino). Although the specimen certainly belongs to the difformis group, males of this group are indeterminable (Horstmann 2012), especially if not obtained together with the females by rearing. On the basis of the known host records and the biology of C. capitator (Villemant et al. 2011; Lucchi et al. 2017; Scaramozzino et al. 2017, 2018), we think that this record should be treated as doubtful as males cannot be reliably assigned to any species.
description: Published as part of Giovanni, Filippo Di, Scaramozzino, Pier Luigi, Loni, Augusto & Lucchi, Andrea, 2021, Taxonomic revision of the Campoplex difformis group (Ichneumonidae, Campopleginae), with particular reference to species of economic importance, pp. 1-35 in European Journal of Taxonomy 740 on page 5, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.740.1277, http://zenodo.org/record/4637836
Cerebellar gray matter and lobular volumes correlate with core autism symptoms
Creators: name: Stoodley, Catherine
name: D'Mello, Anila M.
name: Crocetti, Deana
name: Mostofsky, Stewart H.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Neuroanatomical differences in the cerebellum are among the most consistent findings in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but little is known about the relationship between cerebellar dysfunction and core ASD symptoms. The newly-emerging existence of cerebellar sensorimotor and cognitive subregions provides a new framework for interpreting the functional significance of cerebellar findings in ASD. Here we use two complementary analyses — whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and the SUIT cerebellar atlas — to investigate cerebellar regional gray matter (GM) and volumetric lobular measurements in 35 children with ASD and 35 typically-developing (TD) children (mean age 10.4±1.6 years; range 8–13 years). To examine the relationships between cerebellar structure and core ASD symptoms, correlations were calculated between scores on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI) and the VBM and volumetric data. Both VBM and the SUIT analyses revealed reduced GM in ASD children in cerebellar lobule VII (Crus I/II). The degree of regional and lobular gray matter reductions in different cerebellar subregions correlated with the severity of symptoms in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. Structural differences and behavioral correlations converged on right cerebellar Crus I/II, a region which shows structural and functional connectivitywith fronto-parietal and defaultmode networks. These results emphasize the importance of the location within the cerebellumto the potential functional impact of structural differences in ASD, and suggest that GM differences in cerebellar right Crus I/II are associated with the core ASD profile.
Supplementary material accompanying the manuscript from Morphological diversification has led to inter-specific variation in elastic wing deformation during flight in scarab beetles
Creators: name: Y. Meresman
name: J. F. Husak
name: R. Ben-Shlomo
name: G. Ribak
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary material accompanying the manuscript
Ericson fluctuations in an open, deterministic quantum system: theory meets experiment
Creators: name: Madronero, J.
name: Buchleitner, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide numerically exact photoexcitation cross sections of rubidium Rydberg states in crossed, static electric and magnetic fields, in quantitative agreement with recent experimental results. Their spectral backbone underpins a clear transition towards the Ericson regime.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Evaluation of the Feasibility of Phosphorene for Electronic DNA Sequencing Using Density Functional Theory Calculations
Creators: name: Henry, Matthew B.
name: Tumbapo, Mukesh
name: Wilson, Kolby
name: Tayo, Benjamin O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic DNA sequencing using two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene has recently emerged as the next-generation of DNA sequencing technology. Owing to its commercial availability and remarkable physical and conductive properties, graphene has been widely investigated for DNA sequencing by several theoretical and experimental groups. Despite this progress, sequencing using graphene remains a major challenge. This is due to the hydrophobic nature of graphene, which causes DNA bases to stick to its surface via strong {\pi}-{\pi} interactions, reducing translocation speed and increasing error rates. To circumvent this challenge, the scientific community has turned its attention to other 2D materials beyond graphene. One such material is phosphorene. In this article, we performed first-principle computational studies using density functional theory (DFT) to evaluate the ability of phosphorene to distinguish individual DNA bases using two detection principles, namely, nanopore and nanoribbon modalities. We observe that binding energies of DNA bases are lower in phosphorene compared to graphene. The energy gap modulations due to interaction with DNA bases are very significant in phosphorene compared to graphene. Our studies show that phosphorene is superior to graphene, and hence a promising alternative for electronic DNA sequencing.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Cerebellar gray matter and lobular volumes correlate with core autism symptoms
Creators: name: Stoodley, Catherine
name: D'Mello, Anila M.
name: Crocetti, Deana
name: Mostofsky, Stewart H.
Publisher: name: NeuroImage: Clinical
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Neuroanatomical differences in the cerebellum are among the most consistent findings in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), but little is known about the relationship between cerebellar dysfunction and core ASD symptoms. The newly-emerging existence of cerebellar sensorimotor and cognitive subregions provides a new framework for interpreting the functional significance of cerebellar findings in ASD. Here we use two complementary analyses — whole-brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and the SUIT cerebellar atlas — to investigate cerebellar regional gray matter (GM) and volumetric lobular measurements in 35 children with ASD and 35 typically-developing (TD) children (mean age 10.4±1.6 years; range 8–13 years). To examine the relationships between cerebellar structure and core ASD symptoms, correlations were calculated between scores on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS) and Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI) and the VBM and volumetric data. Both VBM and the SUIT analyses revealed reduced GM in ASD children in cerebellar lobule VII (Crus I/II). The degree of regional and lobular gray matter reductions in different cerebellar subregions correlated with the severity of symptoms in social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors. Structural differences and behavioral correlations converged on right cerebellar Crus I/II, a region which shows structural and functional connectivitywith fronto-parietal and defaultmode networks. These results emphasize the importance of the location within the cerebellumto the potential functional impact of structural differences in ASD, and suggest that GM differences in cerebellar right Crus I/II are associated with the core ASD profile.
Unemployent Duration and Measurement of Unemployment
Creators: name: Sengupta, Manimay
name: Sengupta, Manimay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Unemployment spells
subject: Duration Statistics
subject: Welfare Loss
subject: Long-term unemployment

description: We propose an unemployment measure that provides an index of the concentration of unemployment among the unemployed. A set of axioms are used to derive the unemployment measure. The measure is shown to satisfy a number of desirable properties that relate to the sensitivity of an unemployment measure to the inequality in the distribution of the unemployment.
Outflows in Star-forming Galaxies: Stacking Analyses of Resolved Winds and the Relation to Their Hosts' Properties
Creators: name: Roberts-Borsani, Guido
name: Saintonge, Amélie
name: Masters, Karen L.
name: Stark, David V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outflows form an integral component in regulating the gas cycling in and out of galaxies, although their impact on the galaxy hosts is still poorly understood. Here we present an analysis of 405 high mass (log M$_{*}$/M$_{\odot}\geqslant10$), star-forming galaxies (excluding AGN) with low inclinations at $z\sim$0, using stacking techniques of the NaD $λλ$5889,5895 A neutral gas tracer in IFU observations from the MaNGA DR15 survey. We detect outflows in the central regions of 78/405 galaxies and determine their extent and power through the construction of stacked annuli. We find outflows are most powerful in central regions and extend out to $\sim$1R$_{e}$, with declining mass outflow rates and loading factors as a function of radius. The stacking of spaxels over key galaxy quantities reveals outflow detections in regions of high $Σ_{\text{SFR}}$ ($\gtrsim$0.01 M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$kpc$^{-2}$) and $Σ_{M_{*}}$ ($\gtrsim$10$^{7}$ M$_{\odot}$kpc$^{-2}$) along the resolved main sequence. Clear correlations with $Σ_{\text{SFR}}$ suggest it is the main regulator of outflows, with a critical threshold of $\sim$0.01 M$_{\odot}$yr$^{-1}$kpc$^{-2}$ needed to escape the weight of the disk and launch them. Furthermore, measurements of the H$δ$ and D$_{n}$4000 indices reveal virtually identical star formation histories between galaxies with outflows and those without. Finally, through stacking of HI 21 cm observations for a subset of our sample, we find outflow galaxies show reduced HI gas fractions at central velocities compared to their non-detection control counterparts, suggestive of some removal of HI gas, likely in the central regions of the galaxies, but not enough to completely quench the host.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Risk Aversion, Moral Hazard and Gender Differences in Health Care Utilization
Creators: name: Zheng, Yan
name: Vukina, Tomislav
name: Zheng, Xiaoyong
name: Zheng, Yan
name: Vukina, Tomislav
name: Zheng, Xiaoyong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Health care demand
subject: Insurance
subject: Asymmetric information
subject: Truncated count model

description: This paper uses truncated count model with endogeneity and simulated maximum likelihood estimation technique to estimate gender differences in moral hazard in health care insurance. We use the dataset which consists of invoices for all outpatient services from a regional hospital in Croatia. Our theoretical model predicts that higher risk aversion is associated with smaller moral hazard effect. If women are more risk-averse than men, then the moral hazard effect due to health insurance should be lower in women than in men. Whereas the overall results show a statistically significant evidence of moral hazard for the general population, we found economically small but statistically significant larger moral hazard in women than in men.
The energy calibration system for CANDLES using (n, γ) reaction
Creators: name: Iida, T.
name: Mizukoshi, K.
name: Ohata, T.
name: Uehara, T.
name: Batpurev, T.
name: Chan, W. M.
name: Fushimi, K.
name: Hazama, R.
name: Ishikawa, M.
name: Kakubata, H.
name: Kanagawa, K.
name: Katagiri, S.
name: Khai, B. T.
name: Kishimoto, T.
name: Li, X.
name: Maeda, T.
name: Matsuoka, K.
name: Morishita, K.
name: Moser, M.
name: Nakajima, K.
name: Nomachi, M.
name: Ogawa, I.
name: Shokati, M.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: Takemoto, Y.
name: Takihira, Y.
name: Tamagawa, Y.
name: Tetsuno, K.
name: Trang, V. T. T.
name: Umehara, S.
name: Yoshida, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CAlcium fluoride for the study of Neutrinos and Dark matters by Low-energy Spectrometer (CANDLES) searches for neutrino-less double beta decay of $^{48}$Ca using a CaF$_2$ scintillator array. A high Q-value of $^{48}$Ca at 4,272 keV enabled us to achieve very low background condition, however, at the same it causes difficulties in calibrating the detector's Q-value region because of the absence of a standard high-energy $γ$-ray source. Therefore, we have developed a novel calibration system based on $γ$-ray emission by neutron capture on $^{28}$Si, $^{56}$Fe and $^{58}$Ni nuclei. In the paper, we report the development of the new calibration system as well as the results of energy calibration in CANDLES up to 9 MeV.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Campoplex mutabilis subsp. corsicator Aubert 1960
Creators: name: Giovanni, Filippo Di
name: Scaramozzino, Pier Luigi
name: Loni, Augusto
name: Lucchi, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Campoplex
Campoplex mutabilis
Campoplex mutabilis corsicator aubert, 1960

description: 4. Campoplex mutabilis corsicator Aubert, 1960 (MZL).
 This was reported by Horstmann (1985) as a synonym of C. tibialis. Following Horstmann (1985), specimens of corsicator in Aubert’s collection belong to neither tibialis nor related species, as they have an ovipositor ratio of about 1.6 (whilst tibialis in Horstmann’s collection has an index of about 1.3). Campoplex corsicator also has very short temples (temple in lateral view about 0.5–0.6 as long as the transverse diameter of the eye in C. tibialis) and the area basalis triangular, i.e., with lateral carinae bounding the area basalis converging posteriorly to a single point, then extended to a short longitudinal carina towards the base of the area superomedia (area basalis trapezoidal, i.e., with lateral carinae converging posteriorly, but not touching at the base of the area superomedia in C. tibialis) (see redescription below and Fig. 3).
description: Published as part of Giovanni, Filippo Di, Scaramozzino, Pier Luigi, Loni, Augusto & Lucchi, Andrea, 2021, Taxonomic revision of the Campoplex difformis group (Ichneumonidae, Campopleginae), with particular reference to species of economic importance, pp. 1-35 in European Journal of Taxonomy 740 on page 5, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.740.1277, http://zenodo.org/record/4637836
Planetary Architectures in Interacting Stellar Environments
Creators: name: Wang, Yi-Han
name: Perna, Rosalba
name: Leigh, Nathan W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of Exoplanetary Systems has challenged some of the theories of planet formation, which assume unperturbed evolution of the host star and its planets. However, in star clusters the interactions with flyby stars and binaries may be relatively common during the lifetime of a planetary system. Here, via high-resolution $N$-body simulations of star-planet systems perturbed by interlopers (stars and binaries), we explore the reconfiguration to the planetary system due to the encounters. In particular, via an exploration focused on the strong scattering regime, we derive the fraction of encounters which result in planet ejections, planet transfers and collisions by the interloper star/binary, as a function of the characteristics of the environment (density, velocity dispersion), and for different masses of the flyby star/binary. We find that binary interlopers can significantly increase the cross section of planet ejections and collisions, while they only slightly change the cross section for planet transfers. Therefore, in environments with high binary fractions, floating planets are expected to be relatively common, while in environments with low binary fractions, where the cross sections of planet ejection and transfer are comparable, the rate of planet exchanges between two stars will be comparable to the rate of production of free-floating planets.
description: Submitted to MNRAS. Comments are welcome
Lifting the lid: excavation of an early lime kiln at Pendragon Castle, Mallerstang, Cumbria
Creators: name: S Johnson, David
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2022

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 21, 63-80
description: As part of its Monuments at Risk programme, the Yorkshire Dales National Park Authority commissioned an excavation of an earthwork feature within the curtilage of Pendragon Castle in Mallerstang. It was undertaken under the auspices of the Westmorland Dales Landscape Partnership hosted by the Friends of the Lake District with the Authority being the partner responsible for delivering the project. Previous field recording had recognised the earthwork as a possible early clamp lime kiln of the type generally known as sow kilns. Excavation proved it to have been a sow kiln and three radiocarbon dates from deep within the kiln bowl enabled it to be matched with the earliest known phase of construction work at Pendragon. A small assemblage of artefacts added further weight to the medieval provenance of the kiln.
Enhanced coupling of electron and nuclear spins by quantum tunneling resonances
Creators: name: Tsinovoy, Anatoli
name: Katz, Or
name: Landau, Arie
name: Moiseyev, Nimrod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noble-gas spins feature hours long coherence times owing to their great isolation from the environment, and find practical usage in various applications. However, this isolation leads to extremely slow preparation times, relying on weak spin transfer from an electron-spin ensemble. Here we propose a controllable mechanism to enhance this transfer rate. We analyze the spin dynamics of helium-3 atoms with hot, optically-excited potassium atoms and reveal the formation of quasi-bound states in resonant binary collisions. We find a resonant enhancement of the spin-exchange cross section by up to six orders of magnitude and two orders of magnitude enhancement for the thermally averaged, polarization rate-coefficient. We further examine the effect for various other noble gases and find that the enhancement is universal. We outline feasible conditions under which the enhancement may be experimentally observed and practically utilized.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures in the main text, appended to the end are 12 pages, 4 figures of supplementary information
Mesh sensitivity in discrete element simulation of flexible protection structures
Creators: name: M. Previtali
name: M. Ciantia
name: R. Castellanza
name: G. Crosta
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Discrete Element Method (DEM) has been employed in recent years to simulate flexible protection structures undergoing dynamic loading due to its inherent aptitude for dealing with inertial effects and large deformations. The individual structural elements are discretized with an arbitrary number of discrete elements, connected by spring-like remote interactions. In this work, we implement this approach using the parallel bond contact model and compare the numerical results at different discretization intervals with the analytical solutions of classical beam theory. Successively, we use the same model to simulate the punching test of a steel wire mesh and quantify the influence of a different number of elements on the macroscopic response.
The POINT-AGAPE Survey I: The Variable Stars in M31
Creators: name: An, Jin H.
name: Evans, N. W.
name: Hewett, P.
name: Baillon, P.
name: Novati, S. Calchi
name: Carr, B. J.
name: Creze, M.
name: Giraud-Heraud, Y.
name: Gould, A.
name: Jetzer, Ph.
name: Kaplan, J.
name: Kerins, E.
name: Paulin-Henriksson, S.
name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Stalin, C. S.
name: Tsapras, Y.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The POINT-AGAPE collaboration has been monitoring M31 for three seasons with the Wide Field Camera on the Isaac Newton Telescope. In each season, data are taken for one hour per night for roughly sixty nights during the six months that M31 is visible. The two fields of view straddle the central bulge, northwards and southwards. We have calculated the locations, periods and amplitudes of 35414 variable stars in M31 as a by-product of our microlensing search. The variables are classified according to their period and amplitude of variation. They are classified into population I and II Cepheids, Miras and semi-regular long-period variables. The population I Cepheids are associated with the spiral arms, while the central concentration of the Miras and long-period variables varies noticeably, the stars with brighter (and shorter) variations being much more centrally concentrated. A crucial role in the microlensing experiment is played by the asymmetry signal. It was initially assumed that the variable stars would not be a serious problem as their distributions would be symmetric. We demonstrate that this assumption is not correct. We find that differential extinction associated with the dust lanes causes the variable star distributions to be asymmetric. The size and direction of the asymmetry of the variable stars is measured as a function of period and amplitude of variation. The implications of this discovery for the successful completion of the microlensing experiments towards M31 are discussed. (Abridged)
description: To appear in MNRAS. Revised version including additional discussion on color of variables. Additional data table will be available once the paper is published
Planting designs for culturally significant sites on campus
Creators: name: Jackson, Ann
name: Stefiuk, Kate
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Resilience Aspects in Distributed Wireless Electroencephalographic Sampling
Creators: name: Natarov, R.
name: Sudakov, O.
name: Dyka, Z.
name: Kabin, I.
name: Maksymyuk, O.
name: Iegorova, O.
name: Krishtal, O.
name: Langendörfer, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Resilience aspects of remote electroencephalography sampling are considered. The possibility to use motion sensors data and measurement of industrial power network interference for detection of failed sampling channels is demonstrated. No significant correlation between signals of failed channels and motion sensors data is shown. Level of 50 Hz spectral component from failed channels significantly differs from level of 50 Hz component of normally operating channel. Conclusions about application of these results for increasing resilience of electroencephalography sampling is made.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Knowledge, moral claims and the exercise of power in global health
Creators: name: Shiffman, Jeremy
Publisher: name: International Journal of Health Policy and Management
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: and strategies. For some that influence derives from control over financial resources. For others it comes from expertise and claims to moral authority—what can be termed, respectively, epistemic and normative power. In contrast to financial power, we commonly take for granted that epistemic and normative forms of power are legitimate. I argue that we should not; rather we should investigate the origins of these forms of power, and consider under what circumstances they are justly derived.
Extended stellar systems in the solar neighborhood. IV. Meingast 1: the most massive stellar stream in the solar neighborhood
Creators: name: Ratzenböck, S.
name: Meingast, S.
name: Alves, J.
name: Möller, T.
name: Bomze, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearby stellar streams carry unique information on the dynamical evolution and disruption of stellar systems in the Galaxy, the mass distribution in the disk, and provide unique targets for planet formation and evolution studies. We revisit the stream discovered in Meingast et al (2019) to search for new members, using Gaia DR2 data and a machine learning approach. We use a bagging classifier of one-class Support Vector Machines to perform a search in positions and proper motions for new stream members. We use the variable prediction frequency resulting from the multitude of classifiers to estimate a stream membership criterion which we use to select high fidelity sources. We use the HR diagram and the Cartesian velocity distribution as test and validation tools. We find about 2000 stream members with high-fidelity, or about an order of magnitude more than previously known, unveiling the stream's population across the entire stellar mass spectrum, from B-stars to M-stars, including white dwarfs. We find that, apart from being slightly more metal-poor, the HRD of the stream is indistinguishable from that of the Pleiades cluster. For the mass range at which we are mostly complete, $\sim$0.2 M$_\odot$ $ < $ M $ < $ $\sim$4 M$_\odot$, we find a normal IMF, allowing us to estimate the total mass of stream to be about 2000 M$_\odot$, making this relatively young stream by far the most massive known. In addition, we identify several white dwarfs as potential stream members. The nearby Meingast 1 stream, due to its richness, age, and distance, is a new fundamental laboratory for star and planet formation and evolution studies for the poorly studied gravitationally unbound star-formation mode. We also demonstrate that One-Class Support Vector Machines can be effectively used to unveil the full stellar populations of nearby stellar systems with Gaia data.
description: submitted to A&A on 28.1.2020
Knowledge, moral claims and the exercise of power in global health
Creators: name: Shiffman, Jeremy
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: and strategies. For some that influence derives from control over financial resources. For others it comes from expertise and claims to moral authority—what can be termed, respectively, epistemic and normative power. In contrast to financial power, we commonly take for granted that epistemic and normative forms of power are legitimate. I argue that we should not; rather we should investigate the origins of these forms of power, and consider under what circumstances they are justly derived.
Designing antibiotic cycling strategies by determining and understanding local adaptive landscapes
Creators: name: Greene, Devin C.
name: Goulart, Christiane P.
name: Mahmudi, Mentar
name: Crona, Kristina
name: Jacobs, Stephen D.
name: Kallmann, Marcelo
name: Hall, Barry G.
name: Barlow, Miriam
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The evolution of antibiotic resistance among bacteria threatens our continued ability to treat infectious diseases. The need for sustainable strategies to cure bacterial infections has never been greater. So far, all attempts to restore susceptibility after resistance has arisen have been unsuccessful, including restrictions on prescribing [1] and antibiotic cycling [2,3]. Part of the problem may be that those efforts have implemented different classes of unrelated antibiotics, and relied on removal of resistance by random loss of resistance genes from bacterial populations (drift). Here, we show that alternating structurally similar antibiotics can restore susceptibility to antibiotics after resistance has evolved. We found that the resistance phenotypes conferred by variant alleles of the resistance gene encoding the TEM b-lactamase (blaTEM) varied greatly among 15 different b-lactam antibiotics. We captured those differences by characterizing complete adaptive landscapes for the resistance alleles blaTEM-50 and blaTEM-85, each of which differs from its ancestor blaTEM-1 by four mutations. We identified pathways through those landscapes where selection for increased resistance moved in a repeating cycle among a limited set of alleles as antibiotics were alternated. Our results showed that susceptibility to antibiotics can be sustainably renewed by cycling structurally similar antibiotics. We anticipate that these results may provide a conceptual framework for managing antibiotic resistance. This approach may also guide sustainable cycling of the drugs used to treat malaria and HIV.
Designing antibiotic cycling strategies by determining and understanding local adaptive landscapes
Creators: name: Greene, Devin C.
name: Goulart, Christiane P.
name: Mahmudi, Mentar
name: Crona, Kristina
name: Jacobs, Stephen D.
name: Kallmann, Marcelo
name: Hall, Barry G.
name: Barlow, Miriam
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The evolution of antibiotic resistance among bacteria threatens our continued ability to treat infectious diseases. The need for sustainable strategies to cure bacterial infections has never been greater. So far, all attempts to restore susceptibility after resistance has arisen have been unsuccessful, including restrictions on prescribing [1] and antibiotic cycling [2,3]. Part of the problem may be that those efforts have implemented different classes of unrelated antibiotics, and relied on removal of resistance by random loss of resistance genes from bacterial populations (drift). Here, we show that alternating structurally similar antibiotics can restore susceptibility to antibiotics after resistance has evolved. We found that the resistance phenotypes conferred by variant alleles of the resistance gene encoding the TEM b-lactamase (blaTEM) varied greatly among 15 different b-lactam antibiotics. We captured those differences by characterizing complete adaptive landscapes for the resistance alleles blaTEM-50 and blaTEM-85, each of which differs from its ancestor blaTEM-1 by four mutations. We identified pathways through those landscapes where selection for increased resistance moved in a repeating cycle among a limited set of alleles as antibiotics were alternated. Our results showed that susceptibility to antibiotics can be sustainably renewed by cycling structurally similar antibiotics. We anticipate that these results may provide a conceptual framework for managing antibiotic resistance. This approach may also guide sustainable cycling of the drugs used to treat malaria and HIV.
Composite S-Brane Solutions On Product Of Ricci-Flat Spaces
Creators: name: Ivashchuk, V. D.
name: Melnikov, V. N.
name: Selivanov, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A family of generalized $S$-brane solutions with orthogonal intersection rules and $n$ Ricci-flat factor spaces in the theory with several scalar fields and antisymmetric forms is considered. Two subclasses of solutions with power-law and exponential behaviour of scale factors are singled out. These subclasses contain sub-families of solutions with accelerated expansion of certain factor spaces. The solutions depend on charge densities of branes, their dimensions and intersections, dilatonic couplings and the number of dilatonic fields.
description: To appear in GRG
Local Quadruple Pattern: A Novel Descriptor for Facial Image Recognition and Retrieval
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Soumendu
name: Singh, Satish Kumar
name: Chakraborty, Pavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper a novel hand crafted local quadruple pattern (LQPAT) is proposed for facial image recognition and retrieval. Most of the existing hand-crafted descriptors encodes only a limited number of pixels in the local neighbourhood. Under unconstrained environment the performance of these descriptors tends to degrade drastically. The major problem in increasing the local neighbourhood is that, it also increases the feature length of the descriptor. The proposed descriptor try to overcome these problems by defining an efficient encoding structure with optimal feature length. The proposed descriptor encodes relations amongst the neighbours in quadruple space. Two micro patterns are computed from the local relationships to form the descriptor. The retrieval and recognition accuracies of the proposed descriptor has been compared with state of the art hand crafted descriptors on bench mark databases namely; Caltech-face, LFW, Colour-FERET, and CASIA-face-v5. Result analysis shows that the proposed descriptor performs well under uncontrolled variations in pose, illumination, background and expressions.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2201.00504, arXiv:2201.00511
Local Directional Gradient Pattern: A Local Descriptor for Face Recognition
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Soumendu
name: Singh, Satish Kumar
name: Chakraborty, Pavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper a local pattern descriptor in high order derivative space is proposed for face recognition. The proposed local directional gradient pattern (LDGP) is a 1D local micropattern computed by encoding the relationships between the higher order derivatives of the reference pixel in four distinct directions. The proposed descriptor identifies the relationship between the high order derivatives of the referenced pixel in four different directions to compute the micropattern which corresponds to the local feature. Proposed descriptor considerably reduces the length of the micropattern which consequently reduces the extraction time and matching time while maintaining the recognition rate. Results of the extensive experiments conducted on benchmark databases AT&T, Extended Yale B and CMU-PIE show that the proposed descriptor significantly reduces the extraction as well as matching time while the recognition rate is almost similar to the existing state of the art methods.
A Method to Distinguish Quiescent and Dusty Star-forming Galaxies with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Steinhardt, Charles L.
name: Weaver, John R.
name: Maxfield, Jack
name: Davidzon, Iary
name: Faisst, Andreas L.
name: Masters, Dan
name: Schemel, Madeline
name: Toft, Sune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large photometric surveys provide a rich source of observations of quiescent galaxies, including a surprisingly large population at z>1. However, identifying large, but clean, samples of quiescent galaxies has proven difficult because of their near-degeneracy with interlopers such as dusty, star-forming galaxies. We describe a new technique for selecting quiescent galaxies based upon t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE), an unsupervised machine learning algorithm for dimensionality reduction. This t-SNE selection provides an improvement both over UVJ, removing interlopers which otherwise would pass color selection, and over photometric template fitting, more strongly towards high redshift. Due to the similarity between the colors of high- and low-redshift quiescent galaxies, under our assumptions t-SNE outperforms template fitting in 63% of trials at redshifts where a large training sample already exists. It also may be able to select quiescent galaxies more efficiently at higher redshifts than the training sample.
description: ApJ, in press
LSB Based Non Blind Predictive Edge Adaptive Image Steganography
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Soumendu
name: Jalal, Anand Singh
name: Bhatnagar, Charul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image steganography is the art of hiding secret message in grayscale or color images. Easy detection of secret message for any state-of-art image steganography can break the stego system. To prevent the breakdown of the stego system data is embedded in the selected area of an image which reduces the probability of detection. Most of the existing adaptive image steganography techniques achieve low embedding capacity. In this paper a high capacity Predictive Edge Adaptive image steganography technique is proposed where selective area of cover image is predicted using Modified Median Edge Detector (MMED) predictor to embed the binary payload (data). The cover image used to embed the payload is a grayscale image. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme achieves better embedding capacity with minimum level of distortion and higher level of security. The proposed scheme is compared with the existing image steganography schemes. Results show that the proposed scheme achieves better embedding rate with lower level of distortion.