cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Green beyond: Das GOAL in kleinen Schritten erreichen
Creators: name: Corredera Nilsson, Enrique J.
name: Andres, Valérie
name: Trautwein, Clemens
name: Brunner, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Green Open Access can be a way to gain practice-oriented journals published by small publishers, professional associations or institutional publishers for the world of sustainable, fair Open Access. These journals play an important role for authors working at universities of applied sciences and of teacher education and can also be of great interest for authors at universities, as they bridge the gap between researchers and practitioners. In "Green Beyond" we present how we have been doing this for the case of Swiss-based journals within the framework of the Project GOAL and what the results are. The most visible part is our GOAL database of policies, a database that was necessary to make these journals findable and more visible, as they cannot be added to other international databases. The database, that will keep growing after the end of the project, is not, however the only result. The poster shows also the limits we have found and gives a hint of challenges ahead of us. This information can also be of help for the Diamond way, as the gained experiences are in several cases similar.
Efficient simulation of semiflexible polymers
Creators: name: Panja, Debabrata
name: Barkema, Gerard T.
name: van Leeuwen, J. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a recently developed bead-spring model for semiflexible polymers that takes into account their natural extensibility, we report an efficient algorithm to simulate the dynamics for polymers like double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the absence of hydrodynamic interactions. The dsDNA is modelled with one bead-spring element per basepair, and the polymer dynamics is described by the Langevin equation. The key to efficiency is that we describe the equations of motion for the polymer in terms of the amplitudes of the polymer's fluctuation modes, as opposed to the use of the physical positions of the beads. We show that, within an accuracy tolerance level of $5\%$ of several key observables, the model allows for single Langevin time steps of $\approx1.6$, 8, 16 and 16 ps for a dsDNA model-chain consisting of 64, 128, 256 and 512 basepairs (i.e., chains of 0.55, 1.11, 2.24 and 4.48 persistence lengths) respectively. Correspondingly, in one hour, a standard desktop computer can simulate 0.23, 0.56, 0.56 and 0.26 ms of these dsDNA chains respectively. We compare our results to those obtained from other methods, in particular, the (inextensible discretised) WLC model. Importantly, we demonstrate that at the same level of discretisation, i.e., when each discretisation element is one basepair long, our algorithm gains about 5-6 orders of magnitude in the size of time steps over the inextensible WLC model. Further, we show that our model can be mapped one-on-one to a discretised version of the extensible WLC model; implying that the speed-up we achieve in our model must hold equally well for the latter. We also demonstrate the use of the method by simulating efficiently the tumbling behaviour of a dsDNA segment in a shear flow.
description: 33 pages in double-spacing format, 5 figures, 6 tables and a movie as ancillary file, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Polygenic Scores for Cognitive Abilities and Their Association with Different Aspects of General Intelligence—A Deep Phenotyping Approach
Creators: name: Genç, Erhan
name: Schlüter, Caroline
name: Fraenz, Christoph
name: Arning, Larissa
name: Metzen, Dorothea
name: Nguyen, Huu Phuc
name: Voelkle, Manuel C.
name: Streit, Fabian
name: Güntürkün, Onur
name: Kumsta, Robert
name: Ocklenburg, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Polygenic scores
subject: Intelligence
subject: Cognitive performance
subject: Educational attainment
subject: Deep-phenotyping
subject: Cognitive abilities
subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: 570 Biologie

description: Intelligence is a highly polygenic trait and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified thousands of DNA variants contributing with small effects. Polygenic scores (PGS) can aggregate those effects for trait prediction in independent samples. As large-scale light-phenotyping GWAS operationalized intelligence as performance in rather superficial tests, the question arises which intelligence facets are actually captured. We used deep-phenotyping to investigate the molecular determinants of individual differences in cognitive ability. We, therefore, studied the association between PGS of intelligence (IQ-PGS), cognitive performance (CP-PGS), and educational attainment (EA-PGS) with a wide range of intelligence facets in a sample of 557 healthy adults. IQ-PGS, CP-PGS, and EA-PGS had the highest incremental R2s for general (2.71%; 4.27%; 2.06%), verbal (3.30%; 4.64%; 1.61%), and numerical intelligence (3.06%; 3.24%; 1.26%) and the weakest for non-verbal intelligence (0.89%; 1.47%; 0.70%) and memory (0.80%; 1.06%; 0.67%). These results indicate that PGS derived from light-phenotyping GWAS do not reflect different facets of intelligence equally well, and thus should not be interpreted as genetic indicators of intelligence per se. The findings refine our understanding of how PGS are related to other traits or life outcomes.
Mixed spin-1/2 and spin-1 Ising ferromagnets on a triangular lattice
Creators: name: Žukovič, Milan
name: Bobák, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By Monte Carlo simulations we study critical properties of the mixed spin-1/2 and spin-1 Ising model on a triangular lattice, considering two different ways of the spin-value distributions on the three sublattices: $(1/2,1/2,1)$ and $(1/2,1,1)$. In the former case, we find standard Ising universality class phase transitions between paramagnetic and magnetic phases but no phase transitions between two distinct magnetic phases $(\pm 1/2,\pm 1/2,\pm 1)$ and $(\pm 1/2,\pm 1/2,0)$ at any finite temperature, except for some interesting non-critical anomalies displayed by response functions. On the other hand, the latter case turns out to be a rare (or perhaps the only) example of a two-dimensional mixed spin-1/2 and spin-1 Ising model on a standard lattice that displays tricritical behavior.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Association between virus variants, vaccination, previous infections, and post-COVID-19 risk
Creators: name: Diexer, Sophie
name: Klee, Bianca
name: Gottschick, Cornelia
name: Xu, Chao
name: Broda, Anja
name: Purschke, Oliver
name: Binder, Mascha
name: Frese, Thomas
name: Girndt, Matthias
name: Höll, Jessica
name: Moor, Irene
name: Gekle, Michael
name: Mikolajczyk, Rafael
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Objectives: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has spread rapidly and has been the dominant variant since 2022. The course of acute infection, in a vaccinated population, with Omicron is milder compared with earlier variants. However, little is known about how the occurrence of long-term symptoms after Omicron infection compared with other variants is modulated by previous infections and/or vaccinations. Methods: Participants of the DigiHero study provided information about their SARS-CoV-2 infections, vaccinations, and symptoms 12 or more weeks after infection (post-COVID-19 condition - PCC). Results: Participants infected with wildtype SARS-CoV-2 had the highest PCC risk (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 6.44, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.49; 7.56), followed by participants infected with Alpha and Delta compared with the reference group (individuals infected with Omicron having received three or more vaccinations). Among those infected with a specific variant, the number of preceding vaccinations was not associated with a risk reduction for PCC, whereas previous infection was strongly associated with a lower PCC risk (aOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.07; 0.25). Conclusions: While infection with Omicron is less likely to result in PCC compared with previous variants, lack of protection by vaccination suggests a substantial challenge for the healthcare system during the early endemic period. In the midterm, the protective effects of previous infections can reduce the burden of PCC.
Constraining the Progenitor Companion of the Nearby Type Ia SN 2011fe with a Nebular Spectrum at +981 Days
Creators: name: Graham, Melissa L.
name: Nugent, Peter E.
name: Sullivan, Mark
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Silverman, Jeffrey M.
name: Clubb, Kelsey I.
name: Zheng, Weikang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an optical nebular spectrum of the nearby Type Ia supernova 2011fe, obtained 981 days after explosion. SN 2011fe exhibits little evolution since the +593 day optical spectrum, but there are several curious aspects in this new extremely late-time regime. We suggest that the persistence of the $\sim5800$~Å feature is due to Na I D, and that a new emission feature at $\sim7300$~Å may be [Ca II]. Also, we discuss whether the new emission feature at $\sim6400$~Å might be [Fe I] or the high-velocity hydrogen predicted by Mazzali et al. The nebular feature at 5200~Å exhibits a linear velocity evolution of $\sim350$ $\rm km\ s^{-1}$ per 100 days from at least +220 to +980 days, but the line's shape also changes in this time, suggesting that line blending contributes to the evolution. At $\sim 1000$ days after explosion, flux from the SN has declined to a point where contribution from a luminous secondary could be detected. In this work we make the first observational tests for a post-impact remnant star and constrain its temperature and luminosity to $T \gtrsim 10^4$ $\rm K$ and $L \lesssim 10^4$ $\rm L_{\odot}$. Additionally, we do not see any evidence for narrow H$α$ emission in our spectrum. We conclude that observations continue to strongly exclude many single-degenerate scenarios for SN 2011fe.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, published by MNRAS
Tibetan demonstrators gathering in the streets, calling for an end to price increases, with man wearing yellow jacket in the foreground, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Tibetans--Economic conditions
Tibetans

description: Photograph of a man wearing a yellow jacket in the foreground as Tibetan demonstrators gather in Lhasa to call for an end to price increases.
Asymptotic freedom in a strongly interacting scalar quantum field theory in four Euclidean dimensions
Creators: name: Berges, Jürgen
name: Gurau, Razvan
name: Preis, Thimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that scalar quantum field theory in four Euclidean dimensions with global $O(N)^3$ symmetry and imaginary tetrahedral coupling is asymptotically free and bounded from below in the large-N limit. While the Hamiltonian is non-Hermitian, the full quantum effective action for the large-N theory only depends on the square of that coupling which is real. A perturbative analysis uncovers that the renormalization group flow of the quartic couplings connects a Gaussian ultraviolet fixed point to a strongly interacting theory in the infrared. This realizes a renormalizable field theory which exhibits non-trivial dynamics, such as direct scattering, while still being analytically tractable also non-perturbatively. Our findings open up a way to address outstanding problems in strongly coupled theories from first principles.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; published version
COMPARISON BETWEEN ACL INJURY RISK FACTORS IN COMPETITIVE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS EVALUATED FROM SINGLE AND DOUBLE LEG LANDING TASKS AND VOLLEYBALL SPECIFIC GAME LIKE SITUATIONS
Creators: name: Zinger, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: ABSTRACTEmily Zinger: Comparison Between ACL Injury Risk Factors in Competitive Volleyball Players Evaluated from Single and Double Leg Landing Tasks and Volleyball Specific Game Like Situations(Under the Direction of Claudio Battaglini)      	Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries have been extremely prevalent in athletics, and often require long extensive rehabilitation to return to athletics, if even the option. The discrepancy between prevalence of injury across sports, and between sexes has been deliberated throughout the literature. Current research often groups multiple sports together while evaluating injury incidences between sexes, and groups participants of different sexes, ages, and skill level to identify which sports pose more ACL injury risk factors. However, a highly specific, biomechanical, evaluation of single and double leg sport specific movements in female collegiate volleyball players has not been seen in the literature. In this current study, we used a new markerless software to evaluate different kinematic variables in female collegiate volleyball players during single leg and double leg sports specific jump landing task. A two-way ANOVA was used to compare ACL injury risk factors between both tasks and post hoc testing was conducted due to significant findings. When comparing single leg and double leg jump landing tasks, a statistically significant difference was found where double leg landings showed less injury risk factors when compared to single leg landings. A sports performance aspect of transition off the net time was also evaluated and no significant difference was found when comparing single and double leg landing tasks.
Tibetan demonstrators marching on the streets, calling for an end to price increases,  with woman wearing red sweater in foreground, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Tibetans--Economic conditions
Tibetans

description: Photograph of a woman wearing a red sweater in the foreground as Tibetan demonstrators march through the center of Lhasa calling for an end to price increases.
Assessment of Time to Clinical Response, a Proxy for Discharge Readiness, among Hospitalized Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia Who Received either Ceftaroline Fosamil or Ceftriaxone in Two Phase III FOCUS Trials
Creators: name: Yang, Min
name: Smith, Alexander
name: Weber, David J.
name: Zhao, Qi
name: Anzueto, Antonio R.
name: Shorr, Andrew F.
name: Huang, Xingyue
name: File, Thomas M.
name: Lodise, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT The primary driver of health care costs for patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the hospital length of stay (LOS). Unfortunately, hospital LOS comparisons are difficult to make from phase III CAP trials because of their structured designs and prespecified treatment durations. However, an opportunity still exists to draw inferences about potential LOS differences between treatments through the use of surrogates for hospital discharge. The intent of this study was to quantify the time to a clinical response, a proxy for the time to discharge readiness, among hospitalized CAP patients who received either ceftaroline or ceftriaxone in two phase III CAP FOCUS clinical trials. On the basis of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and American Thoracic Society CAP management guidelines and recent FDA guidance documents for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, a post hoc adjudication algorithm was constructed a priori to compare the time to a clinical response, a proxy for the time to discharge readiness, between patients who received ceftaroline or ceftriaxone. Overall, 1,116 patients (ceftaroline, n = 562; ceftriaxone, n = 554) from the pooled FOCUS trials met the selection criteria for this analysis. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed that ceftaroline was associated with a shorter time, measured in days, to meeting the clinical response criteria ( P = 0.03). Of the patients on ceftaroline, 61.0, 76.1, and 83.6% achieved a clinical response by days 3, 4, and 5, compared to 54.3, 69.8, and 79.3% of the ceftriaxone-treated patients. In the Cox regression, ceftaroline was associated with a shorter time to a clinical response (HR, 1.16, P = 0.02). The methodology employed here provides a framework to draw comparative effectiveness inferences from phase III CAP efficacy trials. (The FOCUS trials whose data were analyzed in this study have been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT00621504 and NCT00509106.)
Differenzielle Befunde zur Sprachentwicklung im Jugendalter in ausgewählten diagnostischen Aufgaben des LSI.J Sprachtest-Tablets
Creators: name: Glück, Christian W.
name: Keßler, Ruth
name: Pino, Danièle
name: Scheithauer, Bettina
name: Wagner, Susanne
name: Krause, Carina D.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Theoretischer Hintergrund: Da der Bildungserfolg stark von den Sprachkompetenzen abhängt, sind Kenntnisse zur Sprachentwicklung auch im Jugendalter zur Ableitung diagnostischer und unterstützender Strategien bedeutsam. Fragestellung: Die Studie versucht eine differenzielle Einschätzung der Sprachentwicklung mit Blick auf den Schulabschluss und das Alter anhand von Aufgabenstellungen aus der klinischen Diagnostik. Methode: In einer Stichprobe Jugendlicher (N = 147, deutschsprachig, ohne bekannte Sprachstörung, Alter 17 – 22 Jahre, verschiedene Schularten) wurden Tests zum dichotischen Hören, Schnellbenennen, Sätze-Verstehen und Verstehen figurativer Sprache des Leipziger Sprachinstrumentariums Jugend (LSI.J) vorgelegt1. Ergebnisse: Regressionsmodelle zeigen einen starken Einfluss des Prädiktors Schulabschluss – nicht jedoch des Prädiktors Alter. Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung: Diskutiert werden die Anforderungen der diagnostischen Aufgaben, der Einfluss des Bildungskontexts und die Bildungschancen von mehrsprachigen Jugendlichen oder Jugendlichen mit Sprachentwicklungsstörungen.
Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Urinary Tract Infection following Solid Organ Transplantation
Creators: name: Cober, Eric D.
name: van Duin, David
name: Richter, Sandra S.
name: Brizendine, Kyle D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an emerging pathogen with a devastating impact on organ transplant recipients (OTRs). Data describing urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to CRKP, compared to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and susceptible K. pneumoniae , are lacking. We conducted a retrospective cohort study comparing OTRs with a first episode of UTI due to CRKP, ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae , or susceptible K. pneumoniae . We identified 108 individuals; 22 (20%) had UTIs due to CRKP, 22 (20%) due to ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae , and 64 (60%) due to susceptible K. pneumoniae . Compared to susceptible K. pneumoniae (27%), patients with UTIs due to CRKP or ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were more likely to have a ≥24-hour stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) before or after development of the UTI (64% and 77%, respectively; P < 0.001). Among 105/108 hospitalized patients (97%), the median lengths of stay prior to UTI with CRKP or ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae (7 and 8 days, respectively) were significantly longer than that for susceptible K. pneumoniae (1 day; P < 0.001). Clinical failure was observed for 8 patients (36%) with CRKP, 4 (18%) with ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae , and 9 (14%) with susceptible K. pneumoniae ( P = 0.073). Microbiological failure was seen for 10 patients (45%) with CRKP, compared with 2 (9%) with ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae and 2 (3%) with susceptible K. pneumoniae ( P < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, CRKP was associated with greater odds of microbiological failure (versus ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae : odds ratio [OR], 9.36, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.94 to 72.1; versus susceptible K. pneumoniae : OR, 31.4, 95% CI, 5.91 to 264). In conclusion, CRKP is associated with ICU admission, long length of stay, and microbiological failure among OTRs with UTIs. Greater numbers are needed to determine risk factors for infection and differences in meaningful endpoints associated with carbapenem resistance.
conflicto socioambiental generado por el monocultivo de la caña de azúcar en el Valle del Cauca
Creators: name: ALEJANDRO, LOPEZ LOPEZ
name: WILLIAM SERGIO, GIL DORIA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: conflicto socioambiental generado por el monocultivo de la caña de azúcar en el Valle del Cauca
Tibetan demonstrators marching to call for an end to price increases, with a Tibetan woman walking her bicycle in the foreground, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Tibetans--Economic conditions
Tibetans

description: Photograph of Tibetan demonstrators marching to call for an end to price increases in Lhasa, with a Tibetan woman walking her bicycle in the foreground.
Tibetan demonstrators marching to call for an end to high prices and school fees, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Tibetans--Economic conditions
Tibetans

description: Photograph of young Tibetan men, monks, women, and children marching through the center of Lhasa to call for an end to high prices and school fees.
Observation and measurements of the production of prompt and non-prompt $J/ψ$ mesons in association with a $Z$ boson in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}= 8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of a $Z$ boson in association with a $J/ψ$ meson in proton-proton collisions probes the production mechanisms of quarkonium and heavy flavour in association with vector bosons, and allows studies of multiple parton scattering. Using $20.3\, \mathrm{fb^{-1}}$ of data collected with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8\, \mathrm{TeV}$, the first measurement of associated $Z + J/ψ$ production is presented for both prompt and non-prompt $J/ψ$ production, with both signatures having a significance in excess of $5σ$. The inclusive production cross-sections for $Z$ boson production (analysed in $μ^+μ^-$ or $e^+e^-$ decay modes) in association with prompt and non-prompt $J/ψ(\toμ^+μ^-)$ are measured relative to the inclusive production rate of $Z$ bosons in the same fiducial volume to be $(36.8\pm 6.7\pm 2.5) \times 10^{-7}$ and $(65.8\pm 9.2\pm 4.2) \times 10^{-7}$ respectively. Normalised differential production cross-section ratios are also determined as a function of the $J/ψ$ transverse momentum. The fraction of signal events arising from single and double parton scattering is estimated, and a lower limit of $5.3\ (3.7)\, \mathrm{mb}$ at $68\ (95)$% confidence level is placed on the effective cross-section regulating double parton interactions.
description: Published version, 15 pages + author list + cover page (30 pages total), 6 figures, 5 tables, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/BPHY-2014-01/
Community-Acquired Pyelonephritis in Pregnancy Caused by KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae
Creators: name: Garber, Kathleen
name: van Duin, David
name: Salata, Robert A.
name: Harris, Patrick N. A.
name: Osborn, Melissa
name: Hecker, Michelle
name: Kalayjian, Robert C.
name: Khatri, Asma
name: Naeger Murphy, Nina
name: Paterson, David L.
name: Perez, Federico
name: Bonomo, Robert A.
name: Jacobs, Michael R.
name: Rudin, Susan D.
name: Wiest, Peter
name: Hurless, Kelly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) usually infect patients with significant comorbidities and health care exposures. We present a case of a pregnant woman who developed community-acquired pyelonephritis caused by KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae . Despite antibiotic treatment, she experienced spontaneous prolonged rupture of membranes, with eventual delivery of a healthy infant. This report demonstrates the challenge that CRE may pose to the effective treatment of common infections in obstetric patients, with potentially harmful consequences to maternal and neonatal health.
A study of $C\!P$ violation in the decays $B^\pm\to[K^+K^-π^+π^-]_D h^{\pm}$ ($h = K, π$) and $B^\pm\to[π^+π^-π^+π^-]_D h^{\pm}$
Creators: name: LHCb Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first study of $C\!P$ violation in the decay mode $B^\pm\to[K^+K^-π^+π^-]_D h^\pm$, with $h=K,π$, is presented, exploiting a data sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the LHCb experiment that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $9$ fb$^{-1}$. The analysis is performed in bins of phase space, which are optimised for sensitivity to local $C\!P$ asymmetries. $C\!P$-violating observables that are sensitive to the angle $γ$ of the Unitarity Triangle are determined. The analysis requires external information on charm-decay parameters, which are currently taken from an amplitude analysis of LHCb data, but can be updated in the future when direct measurements become available. Measurements are also performed of phase-space integrated observables for $B^\pm\to[K^+K^-π^+π^-]_D h^\pm$ and $B^\pm\to[π^+π^-π^+π^-]_D h^\pm$ decays.
description: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-037.html (LHCb public pages)
Effects of agricultural cropping systems on soil water capacity : the case in cross-border Altai
Creators: name: Bondarovich, Andrey
name: Illiger, Patrick
name: Schmidt, Gerd
name: Ponʹkina, Elena Vladimirovna
name: Nugumanova, Aliya
name: Maulit, Almasbek
name: Sutula, Maxim
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 550

description: Temperate grasslands are called the breadbaskets of the world. Due to most continental climate conditions, humus-rich soils have been developed. These soils are very well suited for grain production. This is why extensive conversions from natural steppe to arable land have been implemented in this biome. The Kulunda Steppe, in Southwest Siberia and Central Asia, occupies large parts of the driest regions of the Eurasian Steppe Belt. It was one of the sites of the Virgin Land Campaign realized in the former Soviet Union in the 1950s and 1960s. Intensive agricultural practices have caused significant soil degradation, mainly through humus loss and soil erosion. This results in the degradation of organic carbon, altering the physical and chemical structure of the chestnut soils and impacting their water storage capacity. Against the background of climatic changes, a further intensification of these processes and conditions is to be expected. To stabilize soil carbon and optimize moisture utilization, it is necessary to extensively introduce worldwide experiences in conservation cropping technologies (such as no-till, min-till, and direct seeding) in the area. This study aimed to determine the effects of different cropping systems on soil water storage and water availability. The study’s initial hypothesis was that the soil conservational cropping system has advantages against the traditional deep tillage (24 cm). This hypothesis was based on extensive global experience studying the effects of different agricultural management systems on soil-water balance. In 2013–2016, an experiment was conducted for the first time in the Kulunda steppe to instrumentally measure soil moisture and matrix potential at 30–60–120 cm depth under traditional and conservation technology using innovative meteorological and soil hydrological stations. Statistically significant advantages of no-till over deep tillage (24 cm) in terms of moisture retention were found, confirming the hypothesis of this study. Besides, this groundbreaking study reveals new possibilities for soil monitoring in the region. The acquired data are applicable for predictive models using remote sensing. Moreover, the results on the management effects for the soil water balance provide basic approaches to soil water monitoring, offering important data for evaluating model results and remote sensing products for the region.
Comparative cryopreservation of bovine and porcine primary hepatocytes
Creators: name: Andres, Sandra
name: Bartling, Babett
name: Stiensmeier, Vera Maria
name: Starke, Alexander
name: Schmicke, Marion
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: The isolation of primary hepatocytes from liver tissue of farm animals yields a very high number of cells, and a part of them can be stored by cryopreservation for future experiments. As no experience exists with the cryopreservation of hepatocytes from cattle, our study aimed at the cryopreservation of bovine hepatocytes by use of different protocols compared with the cryopreservation of hepatocytes from pig. We tested different freezing media (William’s Medium E vs. University of Wisconsin solution), cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide with vs. without trehalose as additional additive), freezing systems (standard freezing container vs. controlled-rate freezer) and freezing times (4 vs. 28 d). These tests identified a general influence of species and freezing systems, whereas the influence of freezing media, trehalose additive and freezing time was less or not obvious. In this regard, we determined a mean recovery of 30% of bovine hepatocytes and 55% of porcine hepatocytes cryopreserved in a controlled-rate freezer, whereas the rates were about 10% less when hepatocytes were frozen in a standard freezing container. In accordance with this observation, the cultivation of cryopreserved hepatocytes from cattle was less effective than that of porcine hepatocytes. Hepatocytes from cattle can be successfully cryopreserved and partially cultured after cryopreservation but with lower percentage than porcine hepatocytes.
Effects of Azithromycin, Metronidazole, Amoxicillin, and Metronidazole plus Amoxicillin on an In Vitro Polymicrobial Subgingival Biofilm Model
Creators: name: Soares, Geisla M. S.
name: Martin, Lynn
name: Starr, Jacqueline R.
name: Teles, Flavia
name: Feres, Magda
name: Patel, Michele
name: Teles, Ricardo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT Chronic periodontitis is one of the most prevalent human diseases and is caused by dysbiosis of the subgingival microbiota. Treatment involves primarily mechanical disruption of subgingival biofilms and, in certain cases, adjunctive use of systemic antibiotic therapy. In vitro biofilm models have been developed to study antimicrobial agents targeting subgingival species. However, these models accommodate a limited number of taxa, lack reproducibility, and have low throughput. We aimed to develop an in vitro multispecies biofilm model that mimics subgingival plaque, to test antimicrobial agents. Biofilms were cultivated using the Calgary Biofilm Device and were exposed to amoxicillin (AMX), metronidazole (MTZ), azithromycin (AZM), and AMX-MTZ at four different concentrations for 12, 24, or 36 h. Chlorhexidine (CHX) (0.12%) was used as the positive control. The compositions of the biofilms were analyzed by checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization, and the percent reduction in biofilm metabolic activity was determined using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride and spectrophotometry. Thirty-five of the 40 species used in the inoculum were consistently recovered from the resulting in vitro biofilms. After 36 h of exposure at the 1:27 dilution, AMX-MTZ reduced metabolic activity 11% less than CHX ( q = 0.0207) but 54% more than AMX ( q = 0.0031), 72% more than MTZ ( q = 0.0031), and 67% more than AZM ( q = 0.0008). Preliminary evidence of a synergistic interaction between AMX and MTZ was also observed. In summary, we developed reproducible biofilms with 35 subgingival bacterial species, and our results suggested that the combination of AMX and MTZ had greater antimicrobial effects on these in vitro multispecies biofilms than expected on the basis of the independent effects of the drugs.
Non-observable nature of the nuclear shell structure. Meaning, illustrations and consequences
Creators: name: Duguet, T.
name: Hergert, H.
name: Holt, J. D.
name: Somà, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of single-nucleon shells constitutes a basic pillar of our understanding of nuclear structure. Effective single-particle energies (ESPEs) introduced by French and Baranger represent the most appropriate tool to relate many-body observables to a single-nucleon shell structure. As briefly discussed in [T. Duguet, G. Hagen, Phys. Rev. C {\bf 85}, 034330 (2012)], the dependence of ESPEs on one-nucleon transfer probability matrices makes them purely theoretical quantities that "run" with the non-observable resolution scale $λ$ employed in the calculation. Given that ESPEs provide a way to interpret the many-body problem in terms of simpler theoretical ingredients, the goal is to specify the terms, i.e. the exact sense and conditions, in which this interpretation can be conducted meaningfully. State-of-the-art multi-reference in-medium similarity renormalization group and self-consistent Gorkov Green's function many-body calculations are employed to corroborate the formal analysis. This is done by comparing the behavior of several observables and of non-observable ESPEs (and spectroscopic factors) under (quasi) unitary similarity renormalization group transformations of the Hamiltonian parameterized by the resolution scale $λ$. The non-observable nature of the nuclear shell structure, i.e. the fact that it constitutes an intrinsically theoretical object with no counterpart in the empirical world, must be recognized and assimilated. Eventually, practitioners can refer to nuclear shells and spectroscopic factors in their analyses of nuclear phenomena if, and only if, they use consistent structure and reaction theoretical schemes based on a fixed resolution scale they have agreed on prior to performing their analysis and comparisons.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Self-adjointness of a class of multi-spin-boson models with ultraviolet divergences
Creators: name: Lonigro, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q10, 46N50

description: We study a class of quantum Hamiltonian models describing a family of $N$ two-level systems (spins) coupled with a structured boson field of positive mass, with a rotating-wave coupling mediated by form factors possibly exhibiting ultraviolet divergences (hence, non-normalizable). Spin-spin interactions which do not modify the total number of excitations are also included. Generalizing previous results in the single-spin case, we provide explicit expressions for the self-adjointness domain and the resolvent operator of such models, both of them carrying an intricate dependence on both the spin-field and spin-spin coupling via a family of concatenated propagators. This construction is also shown to be stable, in the norm resolvent sense, under approximations of the form factors via normalizable ones, for example an ultraviolet cutoff.
description: 17 pages; close to published version. v3: typos corrected
Tibetan demonstrators squatting and standing behind multiple banners outside the Tibetan Autonomous Region Government Headquarters, calling for an end to price increases, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Tibetans--Economic conditions
Tibetans

description: Photograph of Tibetan demonstrators squatting and standing behind multiple banners outside the Tibetan Autonomous Region Government Headquarters, calling for an end to price increases in the streets of Lhasa.
Premorbid psychological factors associated with long-term postoperative headache after microsurgery in vestibular schwannoma : a retrospective pilot study
Creators: name: Thomas, Mareike
name: Rampp, Stefan
name: Scheer, Maximilian
name: Strauss, Christian
name: Prell, Julian Konrad Theodor
name: Schönfeld, Robby
name: Leplow, Bernd
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 150

description: Associations between premorbid psychological factors and postoperative headache (POH) after microsurgical treatment via the retrosigmoid approach for vestibular schwannoma (VS) were investigated in this retrospective single-center study. A total of 101 VS patients completed the Rostock headache questionnaire (RoKoKo), the hospital and anxiety scale (HADS-D), and the screening for somatoform disorders (SOMS-2), all of which were used as short self-assessed questionnaires. Fifty-four patients with POH were compared with 47 non-POH patients in terms of premorbid psychological factors, somatization tendencies, and psychological burden using the chi2-test and Mann–Whitney U-test. Regression analyses were conducted to assess the weighted contribution of psychological and procedural factors to POH. In individuals with POH, mental ailments, preexisting headaches, premorbid chronic pain syndromes, and higher somatization tendencies were found to be significantly more common. POH was predicted by the number of premorbid psychosomatic symptoms, preexisting mental ailments, and premorbid chronic pain syndromes. Depression and anxiety were predicted by low emotional stability. Additionally, the number of premorbid psychosomatic symptoms predicted depression, anxiety, and overall psychological burden. It was observed that the reported symptoms of headache might fit into the classification of chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) rather than being classified as secondary headaches after craniotomy. Premorbid psychological factors were found to play an important role in the emergence of POH in VS, particularly after microsurgery via the retrosigmoid approach. Therefore, it is suggested that psychological screening be incorporated into the treatment process.
On recursions for coefficients of mock theta functions
Creators: name: Chan, Song Heng
name: Mao, Renrong
name: Osburn, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 33D15, Secondary: 11F30

description: We use a generalized Lambert series identity due to the first author to present q-series proofs of recent results of Imamoglu, Raum and Richter concerning recursive formulas for the coefficients of two 3rd order mock theta functions. Additionally, we discuss an application of this identity to other mock theta functions.
description: 21 pages, to appear in Research in Number Theory
On Enhancing Expressive Power via Compositions of Single Fixed-Size ReLU Network
Creators: name: Zhang, Shijun
name: Lu, Jianfeng
name: Zhao, Hongkai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper explores the expressive power of deep neural networks through the framework of function compositions. We demonstrate that the repeated compositions of a single fixed-size ReLU network exhibit surprising expressive power, despite the limited expressive capabilities of the individual network itself. Specifically, we prove by construction that $\mathcal{L}_2\circ \boldsymbol{g}^{\circ r}\circ \boldsymbol{\mathcal{L}}_1$ can approximate $1$-Lipschitz continuous functions on $[0,1]^d$ with an error $\mathcal{O}(r^{-1/d})$, where $\boldsymbol{g}$ is realized by a fixed-size ReLU network, $\boldsymbol{\mathcal{L}}_1$ and $\mathcal{L}_2$ are two affine linear maps matching the dimensions, and $\boldsymbol{g}^{\circ r}$ denotes the $r$-times composition of $\boldsymbol{g}$. Furthermore, we extend such a result to generic continuous functions on $[0,1]^d$ with the approximation error characterized by the modulus of continuity. Our results reveal that a continuous-depth network generated via a dynamical system has immense approximation power even if its dynamics function is time-independent and realized by a fixed-size ReLU network.
Ex Vivo Drug Susceptibility Testing and Molecular Profiling of Clinical Plasmodium falciparum Isolates from Cambodia from 2008 to 2013 Suggest Emerging Piperaquine Resistance
Creators: name: Jacob, Christopher
name: Sundrakes, Siratchana
name: Chaorattanakawee, Suwanna
name: Tangthongchaiwiriya, Kuntida
name: Kong, Nareth
name: Chanarat, Nitima
name: Buathong, Nillawan
name: Yingyuen, Kritsanai
name: Takala-Harrison, Shannon
name: Lanteri, Charlotte A.
name: Prom, Satharath
name: Saunders, David L.
name: Lin, Jessica T.
name: Tyner, Stuart D.
name: Sriwichai, Sabaithip
name: Yom, You
name: Lon, Chanthap
name: Plowe, Christopher
name: Saingam, Piyaporn
name: Kuntawunginn, Worachet
name: Chann, Soklyda
name: Se, Youry
name: Sea, Darapiseth
name: Teja-Isavadharm, Paktiya
name: Heng, Thay Kheng
name: Chuor, Char Meng
name: Gosi, Panita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ABSTRACT Cambodia's first-line artemisinin combination therapy, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ), is no longer sufficiently curative against multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria at some Thai-Cambodian border regions. We report recent (2008 to 2013) drug resistance trends in 753 isolates from northern, western, and southern Cambodia by surveying for ex vivo drug susceptibility and molecular drug resistance markers to guide the selection of an effective alternative to DHA-PPQ. Over the last 3 study years, PPQ susceptibility declined dramatically (geomean 50% inhibitory concentration [IC 50 ] increased from 12.8 to 29.6 nM), while mefloquine (MQ) sensitivity doubled (67.1 to 26 nM) in northern Cambodia. These changes in drug susceptibility were significantly associated with a decreased prevalence of P. falciparum multidrug resistance 1 gene (Pf mdr1 ) multiple copy isolates and coincided with the timing of replacing artesunate-mefloquine (AS-MQ) with DHA-PPQ as the first-line therapy. Widespread chloroquine resistance was suggested by all isolates being of the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter gene CVIET haplotype. Nearly all isolates collected from the most recent years had P. falciparum kelch13 mutations, indicative of artemisinin resistance. Ex vivo bioassay measurements of antimalarial activity in plasma indicated 20% of patients recently took antimalarials, and their plasma had activity (median of 49.8 nM DHA equivalents) suggestive of substantial in vivo drug pressure. Overall, our findings suggest DHA-PPQ failures are associated with emerging PPQ resistance in a background of artemisinin resistance. The observed connection between drug policy changes and significant reduction in PPQ susceptibility with mitigation of MQ resistance supports reintroduction of AS-MQ, in conjunction with monitoring of the P. falciparum mdr1 copy number, as a stop-gap measure in areas of DHA-PPQ failure.
LONGITUDINAL CHANGES IN THE NEUROMUSCULAR FUNCTION AMONG LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICERS
Creators: name: Coleman, Adam Victor
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Law enforcement officers (LEO) are crucial for public safety and perform physically demanding tasks in highly stressful and hazardous conditions. This project aimed to investigate longitudinal changes in neuromuscular function, a critical factor that influences both occupational performance and injury risk.  We examined changes in physical activity, dietary habits, and neuromuscular function longitudinally (394.7 ± 22.2 days) in 50 LEO (age = 37.2 ± 10.1 yrs; BMI = 29.6 ± 6.6 kg/m2). Nineteen LEO completed follow-up testing and demonstrated significant improvements in balance for both legs (P≤0.04), but no significant changes in all other variables (P≥0.12). Although there were minimal longitudinal changes in neuromuscular function, the poor retention rates may have impacted these results. This study indicates the need for the development of retention strategies for future longitudinal studies to improve our understanding of changes in LEO health, neuromuscular function, and performance.
Superdiffusive Transport and Energy Localization in Disordered Granular Crystals
Creators: name: Martínez, Alejandro J.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Porter, Mason A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spreading of initially localized excitations in 1D disordered granular crystals. We thereby investigate localization phenomena in strongly nonlinear systems, which we demonstrate to be fundamentally different from localization in linear and weakly nonlinear systems. We compare wave dynamics in chains with 3 different types of disorder: an uncorrelated (Anderson-like) disorder and 2 types of correlated disorders (random dimer arrangements), and for 2 types of initial conditions: displacement excitations and velocity excitations. For strongly precompressed chains, the dynamics depend strongly on the initial condition. For displacement excitations, the long-time behavior of the second moment $\tilde{m}_2$ has oscillations that depend on the type of disorder, with a complex trend that differs markedly from a power law and which is particularly evident for an Anderson disorder. For velocity excitations, we find a scaling $\tilde{m}_2\sim t^γ$ (for a constant $γ$) for all 3 types of disorder. For weakly precompressed (strongly nonlinear) chains, $\tilde{m}_2$ and the inverse participation ratio $P^{-1}$ satisfy $\tilde{m}_2\sim t^γ$ and $P^{-1}\sim t^{-η}$, and the dynamics is superdiffusive for all examined cases. When precompression is strong, the IPR decreases slowly for all 3 types of disorder, and we observe a partial localization around the core and the leading edge of the wave. For an Anderson disorder, displacement perturbations lead to localization of energy primarily in the core, and velocity perturbations cause the energy to be divided between the core and the leading edge. This localization phenomenon does not occur in the sonic-vacuum regime, which yields the surprising result that the energy is no longer contained in strongly nonlinear waves but instead is spread across many sites. In this regime, the exponents are very similar in all cases.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures; the abstract in this website field is a shortened version of the paper's full abstract because of spatial limits