cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cumulative social risk and type 2 diabetes in US adults: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2006
Creators: name: Echouffo-Tcheugui, Justin B.
name: Caleyachetty, Rishi
name: Muennig, Peter A.
name: Narayan, K.M.
name: Golden, Sherita H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Health risk assessment--Social aspects
Diabetes--Risk factors
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes
Public health
Epidemiology

description: Background: The cumulative effects of adverse social factors on the diabetes risk remains to be clarified.
Design: Cross-sectional analysis of the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2006.
Methods: We included 10,276 adults aged ≥20 years. Diabetes mellitus was defined by physician diagnosis or fasting plasma glucose (≥126 mg/dl) or glycated hemoglobin (≥6.5%). Social risk factors (low family income, low education level, minority racial/ethnic group status, and single-living status) and health-related behaviors (physical activity and dietary intake) were self-reported. Social risk factors were combined in a cumulative social risk index (range 0 to ≥3) and logistic regression used to assess the association of cumulative social risk and diabetes, taking into account complex survey design and sampling weights.
Results: Of 10,276 participants, 1515 (weighted proportion – 10%) had diabetes, 3295 (32.3%) and 1830 (9.0%) were exposed to ≥1 adverse social risk factor and ≥3 social risk factors, respectively. Diabetes was associated with increasing cumulative social risk in a graded manner (p for trend <0.001). Compared with a cumulative social risk score of 0, the age- and sex-adjusted diabetes odds for a cumulative social risk score of ≥3 was 2.84 (95% confidence interval: 2.23–3.62), and 2.72 (95% confidence interval: 2.05–3.60) after further adjustment for family history of diabetes, body mass index, smoking, dietary intake and leisure time physical activity. Health behaviors and adiposity only partially influenced the cumulative social risk and diabetes relationship.
Conclusions: Simultaneous exposure to several adverse social risk factors significantly influences the odds of diabetes. Better prevention and control of diabetes needs accounting for all aspects of social disadvantage.
Thickness-dependent conductivity of nanometric semiconductor thin films
Creators: name: Zaccone, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The miniaturization of electronic devices has led to the prominence, in technological applications, of semiconductor thin films that are only a few nanometers thick. In spite of intense research, the thickness-dependent resistivity or conductivity of semiconductor thin films is not understood at a fundamental physical level. We develop a theory based on quantum confinement which yields the dependence of the concentration of intrinsic carriers on the film thickness. The theory predicts that the resistivity $ρ$, in the 1-10 nm thickness range, increases exponentially as $ρ\sim \exp(const/L^{1/2})$ upon decreasing the film thickness $L$. This law is able to reproduce the remarkable increase in resistivity observed experimentally in Si thin films, whereas the effect of surface scattering (Fuchs-Sondheimer theory) alone cannot explain the data when the film thickness is lower than 10 nm.
Clidomys osborni Anthony 1920
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Heptaxodontidae
Clidomys
Clidomys osborni

description: Clidomys osborni Anthony, 1920. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 42: 469. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica, Balaclava, Wallingford Roadside Cave. DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica. STATUS: Extinct. SYNONYMS: cundalli, major.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 805, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
title: Cura Sui In Curia In Geminis Tutelaribus Medicis fortissimis Christi Martyribus Divis Cosma & Damiano Oratione penegyrica [!] celebrata; [1703]
title: In Theinensi Basilica B. V. Mariæ Sacra coram Senatu Populoque Academico Sub Rectoratu ... D. Joannis Francisci Lövv ... Sub Decanatu D. Ioannis Caspari Ignatii Voigt ...
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Staudigel, Daniel Ferdinand
name: Löw, Johann Franz
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2016

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Pragæ, Typis Georgij Labaun.
Increased risk of heart disease and stroke among foreign-born females residing in the United States
Creators: name: Rubia, Maria
name: Marcos, Isabel
name: Muennig, Peter A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Women immigrants--Health and hygiene
Coronary heart disease--Risk factors
Immigrants--Mortality
Cerebrovascular disease--Patients
Public health
Epidemiology

description: Background: Although the number of foreign-born people residing in the United States is at its highest point in 80 years, a mortality analysis of the foreign born has not been conducted since 1989. This article provides an update of mortality rates among the foreign born in the United States and, in particular, examines mortality rates from heart disease among foreign-born females.

Methods: We calculated mortality rates for U.S.-born and foreign-born people for all causes—ischemic heart disease, stroke, neoplastic disease, hypertensive diseases, diabetes, accidents, infectious disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease—for 1997. Death data were obtained from the 1997 Multiple Cause of Death data file, and population data were obtained from the 1997 Current Population Survey.

Results: While all-cause, age-adjusted mortality rates for foreign-born people are significantly lower than for native-born people, deaths due to ischemic heart disease and stroke are significantly higher among foreign-born females than native-born females (161.63 and 58.24 deaths, respectively, per 100,000 foreign-born females vs 122.01 and 49.39 deaths per 100,000 native-born females).

Conclusions: Foreign-born females appear to be at greater risk of death from ischemic heart disease and stroke than native-born females. Future research efforts are needed to determine which foreign-born groups are most at risk for heart disease and stroke so that targeted prevention efforts can be initiated.
Collapse of Nonlinear Gravitational Waves in Moving-Puncture Coordinates
Creators: name: Hilditch, David
name: Baumgarte, Thomas W.
name: Weyhausen, Andreas
name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Bruegmann, Bernd
name: Montero, Pedro J.
name: Mueller, Ewald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerical evolutions of nonlinear gravitational waves in moving-puncture coordinates. We adopt two different types of initial data -- Brill and Teukolsky waves -- and evolve them with two independent codes producing consistent results. We find that Brill data fail to produce long-term evolutions for common choices of coordinates and parameters, unless the initial amplitude is small, while Teukolsky wave initial data lead to stable evolutions, at least for amplitudes sufficiently far from criticality. The critical amplitude separates initial data whose evolutions leave behind flat space from those that lead to a black hole. For the latter we follow the interaction of the wave, the formation of a horizon, and the settling down into a time-independent trumpet geometry. We explore the differences between Brill and Teukolsky data and show that for less common choices of the parameters -- in particular negative amplitudes -- Brill data can be evolved with moving-puncture coordinates, and behave similarly to Teukolsky waves.
Study of the discovery potential for hidden photon emission at future electron scattering fixed target experiments
Creators: name: Beranek, T.
name: Vanderhaeghen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron scattering fixed target experiments are a versatile tool to explore various physics phenomena. Recently these experiments came into focus to search for $U(1)$ extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics at low energies. These extensions are motivated from anomalies in astrophysical observations as well as from deviations from Standard Model predictions, such as the discrepancy between the experimental and theoretical determination of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. They also arise naturally when the Standard Model is embedded into a more general theory. In the considered $U(1)$ extensions a new, light messenger particle $γ^\prime$, the hidden photon, couples to the hidden sector as well as to the electromagnetic current of the Standard Model by kinetic mixing, which allows for a search for this particle e.g. in the invariant mass distribution of the process $e (A,\,Z)\rightarrow e (A,\,Z) l^+ l^-$. In this process the hidden photon is emitted by bremsstrahlung and decays into a pair of Standard Model leptons. In this work we study the applicability of the Weizsäcker-Williams approximation to calculate the signal cross section of the process, which is widely used to design such experimental setups. Furthermore, based on a previous work, we investigate the discovery potential of future experimental setups at the Jefferson Lab. For that purpose we simulate the relevant cross sections for the signal and the QED background in the actual kinematical setups and obtain projected exclusion limits.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Sixteen Years of MassBank: Looking Back and Forward
Creators: name: Schulze, Tobias
name: Meyer, René
name: Rauh, David
name: Neumann, Steffen
name: Schymanski, Emma
name: Stravs, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: MassBank
NFDI4Chem

description: MassBank is an open-source and open-access mass spectral reference library covering the metabolomics and environmental chemistry domains. Users can access the full range of available MassBank records on the websites at https://massbank.eu/MassBank and http://www.massbank.jp. The spectral library data is provided by 48 research groups and projects. MassBank was founded by the Japanese Society of Mass Spectrometry in 2006. In 2011, the NORMAN Association joined the MassBank consortium and in 2016 the German Network for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (de.NBI) took over to lead the development of the MassBank infrastructure. MassBank hosted spectra are also available on GNPS, MoNA, and PubChem. In this poster, we provide the latest developments in MassBank.
Clidomys parvus Anthony 1920
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Heptaxodontidae
Clidomys
Clidomys parvus

description: Clidomys parvus Anthony, 1920. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 42: 472. TYPE LOCALITY: Jamaica, Balaclava, Wallingford Roadside Cave. DISTRIBUTION: Jamaica. STATUS: Extinct. SYNONYMS: jamaicensis.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 805, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
Towards weighing the condensation energy to ascertain the Archimedes force of vacuum
Creators: name: Calloni, Enrico
name: De Laurentis, Martina
name: De Rosa, Rosario
name: Di Fiore, Luciano
name: Esposito, Giampiero
name: Garufi, Fabio
name: Rosa, Luigi
name: Rovelli, Carlo
name: Ruggi, Paolo
name: Tafuri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The force exerted by the gravitational field on a Casimir cavity in terms of Archimedes force of vacuum is discussed, the force that can be tested against observation is identified, and it is shown that the present technology makes it possible to perform the first experimental tests. The use of suitable high-Tc superconductors as modulators of Archimedes force is motivated. The possibility is analyzed of using gravitational wave interferometers as detectors of the force, transported through an optical spring from the Archimedes vacuum force apparatus to the gravitational interferometer test masses to maintain the two systems well separated. The use of balances to actuate and detect the force is also analyzed, the different solutions are compared, and the most important experimental issues are discussed.
description: Revtex, 33 pages, 8 figures. In the final version, the title has been changed, and all sections have been improved, while 2 appendices have been added
Amblyrhiza Cope 1868
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Heptaxodontidae
Amblyrhiza

description: Amblyrhiza Cope, 1868. Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., p. 313. TYPE SPECIES: Amblyrhiza inundata Cope, 1868. SYNONYMS: Loxomylus.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 805, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
Education and Health
Creators: name: Muennig, Peter A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Economic development--Effect of education on
Diseases--Causes and theories of causation
Education--Economic aspects
Health expectancy
Education
Public health

description: High school graduates live 6–9 years longer than high school dropouts. Those with less education are more likely to die prematurely of cardiovascular disease, cancer, infectious disease, diabetes, lung disease, and injury than those with more education. There is good evidence that the education–health relationship is causal, but the underlying mechanisms have not all been adequately tied together. The health risk factors that are more prevalent among those with lower educational attainment drawing on the public health, economics, endocrinology, sociology, neurosciences, and other literatures are explored.
Trauma and Stress Response Among Hurricane Katrina Evacuees
Creators: name: Mills, Mary Alice
name: Park, Crystal L.
name: Edmondson, Donald
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Psychic trauma--Treatment
Post-traumatic stress disorder--Diagnosis
Hurricane Katrina (2005)
Public health

description: Objectives: Hurricane Katrina’s impact on public health has been significant and multifaceted, with trauma-related psychological sequelae likely to result in a sizable burden of disease. Data were collected that assessed acute stress disorder (ASD) prevalence and factors related to ASD symptomatology among sheltered evacuees.

Method: On days 12 to 19 after Katrina, evacuees at a major emergency shelter completed surveys that assessed demographics, Katrina-specific experiences, and ASD symptomatology.

Results: Sixty-two percent of the sample met ASD threshold criterion. Projections based on the predictive power of ASD to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) suggest that 38% to 49% of the sample will meet PTSD criteria 2 years post-disaster. Female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 4.08), positive psychiatric history (OR=5.84), injury (OR=2.75), increased life-threat perception (OR=1.37), and decreased sense of personal control (OR=1.56) were significantly related to ASD. Black race was associated with greater symptom severity (B=7.85, SE[B]=3.50).

Conclusions: Katrina-related trauma and its psychological sequelae will remain a significant public health issue for years to come. The identification of several vulnerability factors related to ASD and PTSD provides a brief sketch of those at greatest risk.
Robust Radio Interferometric Calibration Using the t-Distribution
Creators: name: Kazemi, S.
name: Yatawatta, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A major stage of radio interferometric data processing is calibration or the estimation of systematic errors in the data and the correction for such errors. A stochastic error (noise) model is assumed, and in most cases, this underlying model is assumed to be Gaussian. However, outliers in the data due to interference or due to errors in the sky model would have adverse effects on processing based on a Gaussian noise model. Most of the shortcomings of calibration such as the loss in flux or coherence, and the appearance of spurious sources, could be attributed to the deviations of the underlying noise model. In this paper, we propose to improve the robustness of calibration by using a noise model based on Student's t distribution. Student's t noise is a special case of Gaussian noise when the variance is unknown. Unlike Gaussian noise model based calibration, traditional least squares minimization would not directly extend to a case when we have a Student's t noise model. Therefore, we use a variant of the Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm, called the Expectation-Conditional Maximization Either (ECME) algorithm when we have a Student's t noise model and use the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm in the maximization step. We give simulation results to show the robustness of the proposed calibration method as opposed to traditional Gaussian noise model based calibration, especially in preserving the flux of weaker sources that are not included in the calibration model.
description: MNRAS accepted
The Costs and Benefits of an Excellent Education for All of America’s Children
Creators: name: Levin, Henry M.
name: Belfield, Clive
name: Muennig, Peter A.
name: Rouse, Cecilia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Education--Cost effectiveness
Economic development--Effect of education on
Education--Social aspects
High school dropouts--Prevention
Educational sociology
Education--Sociological aspects
Economics
Education

description: Broad policy decisions in education can be framed around a simple question: Do the benefits to society of investing in an educational strategy outweigh the costs?
We provide an answer for those individuals who currently fail to graduate from high school. The present cohort of 20-year olds in the US today includes over 700,000 high school dropouts, many from disadvantaged backgrounds. We investigate the economic consequences of improving their education.
First, we identify five leading interventions that have been shown to raise high school graduation rates; and we calculate their costs and their effectiveness. Second, we add up the lifetime public benefits of high school graduation. These include higher tax revenues as well as lower government spending on health, crime, and welfare. (We do not include private benefits such as higher earnings). Next, we compare the costs of the interventions to the public benefits.
We find that each new high school graduate would yield a public benefit of $209,000 in higher government revenues and lower government spending for an overall investment of $82,000, divided between the costs of powerful educational interventions and additional years of school attendance leading to graduation. The net economic benefit to the public purse is therefore $127,000 per student and the benefits are 2.5 times greater than the costs.
If the number of high school dropouts in this age cohort was cut in half, the government would reap $45 billion via extra tax revenues and reduced costs of public health, of crime and justice, and in welfare payments. This lifetime saving of $45 billion for the current cohort would also accrue for subsequent cohorts of 20-year olds.
If there is any bias to our calculations, it has been to keep estimates of the benefits conservative. Sensitivity tests indicate that our main conclusions are robust: the costs to the nation of failing to ensure high school graduation for all America’s children are substantial.
Educational investments to raise the high school graduation rate appear to be doubly beneficial: the quest for greater equity for all young adults would also produce greater efficiency in the use of public resources.
Self-Esteem and the Acute Effect of Anxiety on Ambulatory Blood Pressure
Creators: name: Edmondson, Donald E.
name: Arndt, Jamie
name: Alcantara, Carmela
name: Chaplin, William
name: Schwartz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Anxiety--Physiological aspects
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
Parasympathetic nervous system
Self-esteem
Medical sciences

description: Objectives:
Recent research suggests that self-esteem may be associated with improved parasympathetic nervous system functioning. This study tested whether high self-esteem is associated with decreased ambulatory systolic blood pressure (ASBP) reactivity to anxiety in healthy adults during the waking hours of a normal day.
Methods:
Each of 858 participants completed a short version of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and then wore an ABP monitor that took two blood pressure readings per hour for 24 hours. Immediately after each blood pressure reading, participants completed an electronic diary report that included an anxiety rating on a 100-point visual analog scale. Using multilevel models, we assessed the association of momentary anxiety, high trait self-esteem, and their interaction on momentary ASBP, with adjustment for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and body mass index. Sensitivity analyses were conducted examining psychological factors associated with self-esteem: sense of mastery, optimism, social support, and depressive symptoms.
Results:
On average, a 1-point increase in cube root–transformed anxiety was associated with a 0.80-mm Hg (standard error = 0.09, p < .001) increase in ASBP, and the interaction of high self-esteem and momentary anxiety was significant, such that this effect was 0.48 (standard error = 0.20, p = .015) less in individuals with high self-esteem compared with all others. Results for self-esteem remained significant when adjusting for sex and psychological factors.
Conclusions:
Momentary increases in anxiety are associated with acute increases in ASBP, and high self-esteem buffers the effect of momentary anxiety on blood pressure. Thus, high self-esteem may confer cardiovascular benefit by reducing the acute effects of anxiety on systolic blood pressure.
Inverse source problems for time-fractional mixed parabolic-hyperbolic type equations
Creators: name: Feng, Pengbin
name: Karimov, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30

description: In the present paper we consider an inverse source problem for time-fractional mixed parabolic-hyperbolic equation with the Caputo derivative. In case, when hyperbolic part of the considered mixed type equation is wave equation, the uniqueness of source and solution are strongly influenced by initial time and generally is ill-posed. However, when the hyperbolic part is time fractional, the problem is well posed if end time is large. Our method relies on the orthonormal system of eigenfunctions of the operator with respect to space variable. We proved the uniqueness and stability of certain weak solutions for considered problems.
description: 19 pages
title: Gladius Goliath evolutus è pallio. (1. Regum C. 21.) Seu Divus Ivo Jusititiae Promotor Zelantissimus; involutis hisce futurorum belli eventuum temporibus, pro felici armorum Augustissimi Romanorum Imperatoris Leopoldi I. Contra hostes suos Successu; [1701]
title: bene ominosâ annuâ panegyri, Coram Senatu, Populoque Academico, In Basilica Teynensi in lucem eductus
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pelikan, Johann Joseph
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2016

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Vetero-Pragæ Typis Georgij Labaun.
Prevalence, Determinants, and Clinical Significance of Masked Hypertension in a Population-Based Sample of African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study
Creators: name: Diaz, Keith M.
name: Veerabhadrappa, Praveen
name: Brown, Michael D.
name: Whited, Matthew C.
name: Dubbert, Patricia M.
name: Hickson, DeMarc A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: African Americans
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
Blood pressure
Medicine

description: Background:
 The disproportionate rates of cardiovascular disease in African Americans may, in part, be due to suboptimal assessment of blood pressure (BP) with clinic BP measurements alone. To date, however, the prevalence of masked hypertension in African Americans has not been fully delineated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate masked hypertension prevalence in a large population-based sample of African Americans and examine its determinants and association with indices of target organ damage (TOD).

Methods:
 Clinic and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring were conducted in 972 African Americans enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study. Common carotid artery intima-media thickness, left ventricular mass index, and the urinary albumin:creatinine excretion ratio were evaluated as indices of TOD.

Results:
 Masked hypertension prevalence was 25.9% in the overall sample and 34.4% in participants with normal clinic BP. All indices of TOD were significantly higher in masked hypertensives compared to sustained normotensives and were similar between masked hypertensives and sustained hypertensives. Male gender, smoking, diabetes, and antihypertensive medication use were independent determinants of masked hypertension in multivariate analyses.

Conclusions:
 In this population-based cohort of African Americans, approximately one-third of participants with presumably normal clinic BP had masked hypertension when BP was assessed in their daily environment. Masked hypertension was accompanied by a greater degree of TOD in this cohort.
Amblyrhiza inundata Cope 1868
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Heptaxodontidae
Amblyrhiza
Amblyrhiza inundata

description: Amblyrhiza inundata Cope, 1868. Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., p. 313. TYPE LOCALITY: West Indies, Anguilla, Bat Cave. DISTRIBUTION: Anguilla, St. Martin. STATUS: Extinct. SYNONYMS: latidens, quadridens.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 805, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
Technical advantages for weak value amplification: When less is more
Creators: name: Jordan, Andrew N.
name: Martínez-Rincón, Julián
name: Howell, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The technical merits of weak value amplification techniques are analyzed. We consider models of several different types of technical noise in an optical context and show that weak value amplification techniques (which only use a small fraction of the photons) compare favorably with standard techniques (which uses all of them). Using the Fisher information metric, we demonstrate that weak value techniques can put all of the Fisher information about the detected parameter into a small portion of the events and show how this fact alone gives technical advantages. We go on to consider a time correlated noise model, and find that a Fisher information analysis indicates that while the standard method can have much larger information about the detected parameter than the postselected technique. However, the estimator needed to gather the information is technically difficult to implement, showing that the inefficient (but practical) signal-to-noise estimation of the parameter is usually superior. We also describe other technical advantages unique to imaginary weak value amplification techniques, focusing on beam deflection measurements. In this case, we discuss combined noise types (such as detector transverse jitter, angular beam jitter before the interferometer and turbulence) for which the interferometric weak value technique gives higher Fisher information over conventional methods. We go on to calculate the Fisher information of the recently proposed photon recycling scheme for beam deflection measurements, and show it further boosts the Fisher information by the inverse postselection probability relative to the standard measurement case.
Fitbit®: An accurate and reliable device for wireless physical activity tracking
Creators: name: Diaz, Keith M.
name: Krupka, David J.
name: Chang, Melinda J.
name: Peacock, James
name: Ma, Yao
name: Goldsmith, Jeff
name: Schwartz, Joseph E.
name: Davidson, Karina W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Fitness walking
Exercise--Measurement
Biotechnology--Health aspects
Biomedical engineering

description: Although physicians recognize the importance of physical activity in the prevention and maintenance of chronic diseases, few incorporate physical activity counseling into routine clinic visits. One major barrier has been the paucity of means to objectively assess patient's long-term physical activity patterns. We investigated if the Fitbit®, one of the most common wireless physical activity trackers in the consumer market, met reasonable validity and reliability standards such that they could be used by primary care physicians to monitor their patient's physical activity objectively between clinic visits.

Keywords:
Physical activity; Validation; Activity monitoring; Accelerometer; Walking; Fitbit
Особливості українського перекладу 469-ї вака з японської антології «Кокінвакашю» (за результатами наукової конференції «Поезія вака у світі»)
Creators: name: Andrianov, Dmytro
name: TSUCHIDA, K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470519
subject: Literature in Japanese

description: According to the results of the online academic conference "Waka poetry around the world: Viewing reception and transformation of Japanese culture through multilingual translation", an analysis of the Ukrainian translation of the 469th waka poem from the poetic anthology "Kokin Wakashū" (the Collection of Japanese Poetry Ancient and Modern) by I. P. Bondarenko was carried out. It is this translation that is the subject of the presented study. The goal, which was to reveal the peculiarities of the Ukrainian version of the mentioned poem, was achieved due to its comparison with Chinese, English, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, and Spanish translations. It was found that the Ukrainian translation of the waka poem No. 469 from the anthology "Kokin Wakashū" is characterized by common features that are typical for a number of translations into European languages. In particular, the syllabic structure of the original (a waka poem is composed of 5-7-5-7-7 syllables) has not been preserved in the Ukrainian translation, as well as in the other translations, and these translations themselves are written in five lines. Such common features also include lexical-semantic transformations caused by the difficulties of translating Japanese realia into European languages. For example, such nominations from the original work as "hototogisu" and "ayame" in many multilingual translation versions, including the studied Ukrainian one, are translated with the help of the words "cuckoo" and "iris", respectively, instead of their exact analogues – "lesser cuckoo" and "iris sanguinea". At the same time, there are foreign language versions with observance of the original syllabic verse and an accurate translation of the mentioned realia. Along with the common features, some features that make the translation of the 469th waka verse into Ukrainian unique were also revealed. Among those the translation of the original "satsuki" (the fifth month according to the old calendar and approximately June according to the modern one) as the season of the growth of herbs through the Ukrainian equivalent to "May" (the fifth month according to the modern calendar) literally meaning the "month of herbs", as well as the combination of the first and the second part of the poem through an emotional connection can be named.
On positive proportion of rank zero twists of elliptic curves over Q
Creators: name: Xiong, Maosheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 14H52

description: Extending the idea of \cite{dab2} and using the 2-descent method, we provide three general families of elliptic curves over Q such that a positive proportion of prime-twists of such elliptic curves have rank zero simultaneously.
The Power of Expression
Creators: name: Bloom, Lois
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Language acquisition
Developmental psychology

description: The Inaugural Lecture as Edward Lee Thorndike Professor of Psychology and Education at Teachers College, Columbia University. Lois Bloom summarizes the major theoretical principles that have informed an intellectual lifetime of research in early language acquisition, and shares her delight in discovering that many of these principles echo ideas expressed by Edward Lee Thorndike, one of the early founders of American Psychology. For example, "Meanings are in persons' minds, not in words, and when we say that a word has or possesses such and such meanings, we are really saying that it has evoked, or caused, those meanings. Until it gets into a mind, a word is only puffs of air or streaks of ink".
Protocol for qualitative data collection with science journalists about the sea and the coast
Creators: name: Pinto, Bruno Miguel Lourenço
name: Matias, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200101 Communication Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This protocol accompanies the article "European journalists and the sea: contexts, motivations, and difficulties" (Pinto & Matias, in press). The protocol refers to the project "European Journalists and the Sea", which aims to improve our knowledge about science and environmental journalism concerning the marine environment in 10 European countries. Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews with science and environment journalists that publish in quality newspapers. The script of the interviews is in the file 'Interview script European Journalists & Sea'. All journalists provided written consent for participation and interview recording according to the form in the file 'Informed consent European Journalists & Sea'. All data from interviews with journalists from 13 European countries, between February and May 2021 are in the file 'Data interviews European Journalists & Sea'.
Remote Tomography Via von Neumann-Arthurs-Kelly Interaction
Creators: name: Roy, S. M.
name: Deshpande, Abhinav
name: Sakharwade, Nitica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Teleportation usually involves entangled particles 1,2 shared by Alice and Bob, Bell-state measurement on particle 1 and system particle by Alice, classical communication to Bob, and unitary transformation by Bob on particle 2. We propose a novel method: interaction-based remote tomography. Alice arranges an entanglement generating von Neumann-Arthurs-Kelly interaction between the system and two apparatus particles, and then teleports the latter to Bob. Bob reconstructs the unknown initial state of the system not received by him by quadrature measurements on the apparatus particles .
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Limning the Semantic Frontier of Informed Consent
Creators: name: Washington, Harriet A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Consent (Law)
Research--Moral and ethical aspects
Ethics

description: It is the researcher’s responsibility to provide accurate, complete, and unbiased verbal and written information yet, as this essay discusses, challenges to meaningful research consent abound in the communication between researcher and subject. This discussion of these challenges is far from exhaustive, but it will flag some of the potholes that researchers must anticipate on the sometimes rocky road to eliciting meaningful consent. These hazards include unfamiliar scientific terms and connotations, divergent conceptions of medical history and science, the conscious and unconscious deploying of rosy adjectives with which scientists sometimes “sell” a study in lieu of describing it, semiotics that magnify the therapeutic illusion, and legal maneuvers that bypass consent altogether.
High-loop perturbative renormalization constants for Lattice QCD (II): three-loop quark currents for tree-level Symanzik improved gauge action and n_f=2 Wilson fermions
Creators: name: Brambilla, Michele
name: Di Renzo, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical Stochastic Perturbation Theory was able to get three- (and even four-) loop results for finite Lattice QCD renormalization constants. More recently, a conceptual and technical framework has been devised to tame finite size effects, which had been reported to be significant for (logarithmically) divergent renormalization constants. In this work we present three-loop results for fermion bilinears in the Lattice QCD regularization defined by tree-level Symanzik improved gauge action and n_f=2 Wilson fermions. We discuss both finite and divergent renormalization constants in the RI'-MOM scheme. Since renormalization conditions are defined in the chiral limit, our results also apply to Twisted Mass QCD, for which non-perturbative computations of the same quantities are available. We emphasize the importance of carefully accounting for both finite lattice space and finite volume effects. In our opinion the latter have in general not attracted the attention they would deserve.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, pdflatex
title: Polyglot Performances: Darstellungen und Diskussionen von Mehrsprachigkeit auf YouTube
Creators: name: Mertin, Julian
Publisher: name: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 400 Sprache, Linguistik

description: Digitale Medien wie YouTube eröffnen neue Möglichkeiten, Mehrsprachigkeit zu nutzen, zu präsentieren und darüber zu diskutieren. Hierbei ist zu beachten, dass das Verhalten und die Erfahrungen online in enger Verbindung mit dem Verhalten und den Erfahrungen offline stehen. Plattformen wie YouTube ermöglichen dabei nicht nur die Verwendung und Repräsentation verschiedenster Sprachen, sondern ebenso das Aufeinandertreffen unterschiedlicher Ideologien im Hinblick auf Mehrsprachigkeit. Untersucht wurden zwei Forschungsfragen:
Forschungsfrage 1: Wie präsentieren und diskutieren YouTuber:innen ihre eigenen mehrsprachigen Fähigkeiten in ihren Videos und wie reagieren die Zusehenden darauf?
Forschungsfrage 2: Welche Stereotype und Vorurteile werden von den Zusehenden in den Kommentaren diskutiert und welche Assoziationen mit Mehrsprachigkeit überwiegen?
Erwartet wurde die Darstellung und Diskussion von Mehrsprachigkeit als etwas Überraschendes und Beeindruckendes, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit Ethnizität und Nationalität. Ebenso wurde erwartet, dass sowohl von den YouTuber:innen, als auch den
Zusehenden das Stereotyp bestätigt wird, demnach die Anzahl der beherrschten Sprachen mit einem gewissen Grad an Respektabilität einhergeht. Die vorliegende Studie arbeitete mit vier YouTube-Kanälen und -Videos, insgesamt 400 Kommentaren basierend auf einer Sortierung nach "Top-Kommentaren", sowie einem Kommentarstrang, der 94 Kommentare umfasst. Mehrsprachigkeit lässt sich, den Erkenntnissen dieses Forschungsprojekts folgend, auf der Videoplattform YouTube und speziell innerhalb des Genres der Mehrsprachigkeitsinszenierungen als beeindruckende, begehrenswerte Fähigkeit verstehen, die abhängig von Faktoren wie Authentizität, Ethnizität, Nationalität und der individuellen Form der Mehrsprachigkeit zu bewerten ist. Innerhalb des Genres wird Mehrsprachigkeit nicht als etwas Negatives aufgefasst, sondern ausschließlich mit neutralen oder positiven Assoziationen verbunden, gleichwohl sich YouTuber:innen wie auch Kommentierende einer gewissen Macht der Inszenierung bewusst sind. Die in dieser Studie erlangten Ergebnisse lassen sich zwar nicht auf Repräsentationen und Diskussionen außerhalb des Genres der Mehrsprachigkeitsinszenierungen bzw. der Online-Plattform YouTube verallgemeinern, doch können die hier präsentierten Auffassungen von Mehrsprachigkeit als Grundlage für weitere soziolinguistische Studien genommen werden, um derartigen Auffassungen auch in anderen Bereichen nachzuspüren.
Complementary and alternative medicine use and absenteeism among individuals with chronic disease
Creators: name: Mongiovi, Jennifer
name: Shi, Zaixing
name: Greenlee, Heather
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Absenteeism (Labor)
Chronic diseases--Economic aspects
Alternative medicine--Social aspects
Alternative medicine

description: Background
It is estimated that over half of the adult U.S. population currently has one or more chronic conditions, resulting in up to an estimated $1,600 in productivity loss annually for each employee with chronic disease. Previous studies have suggested that integrating alternative or complementary health approaches with conventional medicine may be beneficial for managing the symptoms, lifestyle changes, treatment, physical and psychosocial consequences that result from chronic illness.

Methods
Using the 2012 National Health Interview Survey Data, we examined the associations between self-reported use of various forms of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies (dietary supplements, mind-body practices) and the number of days missed from job or business in the past 12 months due to illness or injury. Multivariable Poisson regression was used to determine the association between CAM use and absence from work among individuals with one or more chronic disease (n = 10,196).

Results
Over half (54 %) of the study population reported having one chronic disease, while 19 % had three or more conditions. The three most common chronic diseases were high cholesterol (48 %), arthritis (35 %) and hypertension (31 %). More participants used dietary supplements (72 %) while fewer individuals reported using mind-body practices (17 %) in the past twelve months. Over half of individuals reported missing any number of days from job or business due to illness or injury (53 %). Of those who had missed any days from work, 42 % missed one or two days, 36 % missed three to five days, and 23 % missed six days or more. The rate of missing days from job or business due to injury or illness increased among those who reported use of mind-body practices (Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) = 1.55, 95 % CI: 1.09, 2.21). There was no association between use of dietary supplements and absenteeism (IRR = 1.13, 95 % CI: 0.85, 1.51).

Conclusions
In a population of individuals with chronic disease, individuals who reported use of mind-body practices had higher rate of absenteeism due to injury or illness. Future studies should examine the effects CAM on symptoms associated with chronic disease and whether managing these symptoms can reduce absence from work, school, and other responsibilities.

Keywords

Dietary supplements Mind-body practices Complementary and alternative medicine Employee health Absenteeism Chronic disease
Elasmodontomys Anthony 1916
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Heptaxodontidae
Elasmodontomys

description: Elasmodontomys Anthony, 1916. Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 27: 199. TYPE SPECIES: Elasmodontomys obliquus Anthony, 1916. SYNONYMS: Heptaxodon.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 805, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
Seeded growth of monodisperse and spherical silver nanoparticles
Creators: name: Zihlmann, Simon
name: Lüönd, Felix
name: Spiegel, Johanna K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aiming at spherical and monodisperse silver nanoparticles with diameters up to 100 nm, the potential of heterogeneous nucleation of silver particles was explored. Gold seed particles, mainly produced with a spark discharge generator, were carried by nitrogen through a three-zone tube furnace. Silver was evaporated at 1210 °C in the first zone of the furnace and particle growth and shaping took place in the subsequent zones, heated to 730 °C and 390 °C respectively. The generated aerosol was monitored by a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), while parameters, such as furnace temperature, seed particle size and concentration and nitrogen carrier gas flow, were investigated. Off-line atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the morphology of the silver nanoparticles in addition to the SMPS scans. Spherical silver nanoparticles with a mobility diameter of more than 115 nm and a geometric standard deviation of typically 1.09 or lower at concentrations as large as 5e5cm^{-3} could be produced. The mobility diameter of the monodisperse aerosol could be varied in the range of 50 nm to 115 nm by changing the furnace temperature or the gold seed particle size. Elemental analysis revealed that the gold from the seed particles formed a homogeneous alloy with the silver (< 3.5 atomic percent of gold). The growth mechanism could not be identified unambiguously since the obtained silver particles could both originate from heterogeneous nucleation of silver vapour on the seed particles or from coagulation and coalescence of the seed particles with smaller, homogeneously nucleated silver particles. Moreover, the narrow size distribution opens the opportunity to obtain an exclusively singly charged, monodisperse calibration aerosol at sufficient concentrations after and additional mobility selection process.
description: 17(5) pages, 8(4) figures main article (supplementary), submitted to Journal of Aerosol Science
title: Überzeugungsarbeit in österreichischen Regierungserklärungen
Creators: name: Bucher, Juliane
Year: 2023

description: Die folgende Masterarbeit zielt auf die sprachwissenschaftliche Analyse fünf politischer Reden ab. Die Regierungserklärungen von Wolfgang Schüssel, Christian Kern, Sebastian Kurz und Alexander Schallenberg werden hinsichtlich der Überzeugungsarbeit, die sie leisten, untersucht. Dabei wird das Augenmerk auf die darin angesprochenen Themenfelder, die aristotelischen Kategorien Ethos, Logos und Pathos und den Einsatz rhetorischer Mittel gelegt. Es erfolgt eine Toposanalyse sowie eine Anwendung der Spreachakttheorie. Zuletzt werden die den Regierungserklärungen folgenden Parlamentsdebatten hinsichtlich der Einstellungen der reagierenden Abgeordneten betrachtet. Mithilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse wird die Untersuchung durchgeführt und die Daten werden anschließend verschriftlicht und hinsichtlich ihrer Überzeugungskraft gedeutet. Es zeigt sich, dass jede der Reden eine Vielzahl an Überzeugungsmitteln anwendet, die in einer von Massenmedien geprägten Gesellschaft auch notwendig sind, um das heterogene Publikum von den politischen Akteur*innen selbst und den Werten, für die die Regierung einsteht, zu überzeugen.