cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Editorial: Dialogismo(s) e construção de conhecimento II
Creators: name: Hamido, Gracinda
name: César, Margarida
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2007

description: Este é o segundo de um número duplo da revista Interacções, com o tema "A construção de conhecimento enquanto empreendimento dialógico/interactivo". O objectivo deste número duplo é reunir cientistas e práticos de várias disciplinas/áreas científicas e tecnológicas, promovendo a apresentação e discussão de projectos de investigação recentes ou em curso, acerca do papel das interacções/relações dialógicas na construção do conhecimento. Pretende-se apresentar evidências e elaborações/discussões teóricas, a partir de vários campos de investigação e de prática, acerca do papel das relações de natureza dialógica (intra e inter individuais e comunitárias) nos processos de aprendizagem/desenvolvimento/mudança implicados na construção e apropriação de conhecimento. Pretende-se também explorar e clarificar algumas implicações educacionais e societárias desses processos, pressupondo que eles podem ser observados em vários contextos (escolas e outras organizações, comunidades, contextos profissionais, pessoais e interpessoais, entre outros) e analisados através de diferentes quadros de referência teóricos e metodológicos (Educação, Psicologia, Sociologia, Antropologia, História, Ciência, Artes, entre outros).
description: Interacções, vol. 3 n.º 7 (2007): A construção de conhecimento enquanto empreendimento dialógico/interactivo II.
Knowledge and interaction through diverse lenses
Creators: name: Markova, Ivana
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2007

description: The concepts like knowledge and interaction have acquired many different meanings in human and social sciences and consequently, the knowledge construction in cognitive science, computing, socio-biology and dialogicality refers to diverse processes. This article draws attention to such diversities in meanings of knowledge and interaction and to their ontologies. It first discusses the Cartesian, connectivist and neuro-biological approaches to knowledge and processing of information. It then presents a dialogical theory of knowledge based on the Ego-Alter interaction. It argues that knowledge is co-constructed jointly by the Ego-Alter, leading to the epistemological triadic relation the Ego-Alter-Object. Dialogical theory brings communication into the centre of the theory of knowledge. The last part of the paper discusses the construction of knowledge in and through communication genres, giving as examples persuasion and argumentation.
description: Interacções, vol. 3 n.º 7 (2007): A construção de conhecimento enquanto empreendimento dialógico/interactivo II.
Leading-edge vortex shedding from rotating wings
Creators: name: Kolomenskiy, Dmitry
name: Elimelech, Yossef
name: Schneider, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents a numerical investigation of the leading-edge vortices generated by rotating triangular wings at Reynolds number $Re=250$. A series of three-dimensional numerical simulations have been carried out using a Fourier pseudo-spectral method with volume penalization. The transition from stable attachment of the leading-edge vortex to periodic vortex shedding is explored, as a function of the wing aspect ratio and the angle of attack. It is found that, in a stable configuration, the spanwise flow in the recirculation bubble past the wing is due to the centrifugal force, incompressibility and viscous stresses. For the flow outside of the bubble, an inviscid model of spanwise flow is presented.
Stabilität und Prädiktion von Prüfungsangst bei Studierenden
Creators: name: Sommer, Klara
name: Odenwald, Michael
name: Fehm, Lydia
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Prüfungsangst
subject: Stabilität
subject: Prädiktion
subject: zeitlicher Verlauf
subject: Längsschnittstudie
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Theoretischer Hintergrund: Obwohl Prüfungsangst ein häufiges Anliegen in psychologischen Beratungsstellen ist, wissen wir wenig über ihren zeitlichen Verlauf sowie über Risikofaktoren für hohe Prüfungsangst kurz vor den Prüfungen. Fragestellung: Diese Studie untersucht, ob sich die Intensität von Prüfungsangst während eines Semesters verändert und wie Personen mit hoher Belastung kurz vor der Prüfung früh identifiziert werden können. Methodik: Zu Beginn und kurz vor den Prüfungen des Wintersemesters 2014/15 wurden Prüfungsangst, Depressivität und Prokrastination bei 427 Studierenden (88.3 % Erstsemester; 68.4 % weiblich; Altersdurchschnitt 20.0 Jahre) erfasst. Ergebnisse: Die Analyse auf Einzelfallebene zeigte, dass sich die Prüfungsangst bei den meisten Studierenden nicht signifikant veränderte. Bei der Vorhersage der Prüfungsangst zum Semesterende stellten Prüfungsangst und Depressivität zu Semesterbeginn signifikante Prädiktoren dar. Diese wurden anhand von 80 % der Gesamtstichprobe ermittelt und an den anderen 20 % validiert. Schlussfolgerungen: Erhöhte Prüfungsangst und Depressivität zu Semesterbeginn können die frühe Identifikation von Studierenden mit bedeutsamer Prüfungsangst kurz vor Prüfungen ermöglichen.
Maximal finite abelian subgroups of E8
Creators: name: Draper, Cristina
name: Elduque, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B25, 17B40, 20G15

description: The maximal finite abelian subgroups, up to conjugation, of the simple algebraic group of type E8 over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 are computed. This is equivalent to the determination of the fine gradings on the simple Lie algebra of type E8 with trivial neutral homogeneous component.
description: 20 pages
Cohomology of classifying spaces of loop groups and finite Chevalley groups associated with spin groups
Creators: name: Kameko, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For n>2, we prove the mod 2 cohomology of the finite Chevalley group Spin_n(F_q) is isomorphic to that of the classifying space of the loop group of the spin group Spin(n).
description: This is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Topology and Geometry 2013 (ICTG 2013) which will be published as a special issue of "Topology and its Applications"
Intersubjetividade e desejo nas relações sociais: o caso dos jogos de representação de papéis
Creators: name: Guimarães, Danilo Silva
name: Simão, Lívia Mathias
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2007

description: Este relato de pesquisa tem como objetivo apresentar uma compreensão do processo de construção de conhecimento acerca do outro e de si, tomando como situação empírica de análise interações de um grupo de jogadores de RPG (Role - Playing Games). Realizamos estudo focalizando principalmente relações entre as dimensões do desejo e da alteridade, abertas pelas ações simbólicas que os participantes da pesquisa projetavam, em sua futuridade. Focalizamos, a partir daí, as rupturas no compartilhamento intersubjetivo, trazidas pelas interações dialógicas, que foram acompanhadas por processos de transição, nos quais os recursos simbólicos utilizados pelos participantes reorganizavam suas experiências subjetivas. Como resultado da investigação, chegamos a um quadro interpretativo da dinâmica dos elementos envolvidos nas relações dialógicas, depreendidas da realidade social concreta de sujeitos. Observamos que na constituição do significado das ações, outrem costuma fazer-se presente por meio de configurações simbólicas diversas. O significado essencial das construções pessoais estaria, assim, endereçado a outrem, com quem o eu procuraria assegurar um plano comum de compartilhamento, ao mesmo tempo que buscaria formas de transição simbólica diante das rupturas advindas de sua relação com outrem.
description: Interacções, vol. 3 n.º 7 (2007): A construção de conhecimento enquanto empreendimento dialógico/interactivo II.
Post-Soviet changes in cropping practices in the irrigated drylands of the Aral Sea basin
Creators: name: Rufin, Philippe
name: Peña-Guerrero, Mayra Daniela
name: Umirbekov, Atabek
name: Wei, Yanbing
name: Müller, Daniel
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cropping frequency
subject: crop production
subject: land use intensity
subject: irrigation
subject: intensification
subject: Landsat
subject: Central Asia
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Water withdrawals for irrigated crop production constitute the largest source of freshwater consumption on Earth. Monitoring the dynamics of irrigated crop cultivation is crucial for tracking crop water consumption, particularly in water-scarce areas. We analyzed changes in water-dependent crop cultivation for 650 000 km2 of Central Asian drylands, including the entire basin of the Amu Darya river, once the largest tributary to the Aral Sea before large-scale irrigation projects grossly reduced the amount of water reaching the river delta. We used Landsat time series to map overall cropland extent, dry season cropping, and cropping frequency in irrigated croplands annually from 1987 to 2019. We scrutinized the emblematic change processes of six localities to discern the underlying causes of these changes. Our unbiased area estimates reveal that between 1988 and 2019, irrigated dry season cropping declined by 1.34 million hectares (Mha), while wet season and double cropping increased by 0.64 Mha and 0.83 Mha, respectively. These results show that the overall extent of cropland in the region remained stable, while higher cropping frequency increased harvested area. The observed changes’ overall effect on water resource use remains elusive: Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, declining dry season cultivation reduced crop water demand while, more recently, increasing cropping frequency raised water consumption. Our analysis provides the first fine-scale analysis of post-Soviet changes in cropping practices of the irrigated areas of Central Asia. Our maps are openly available and can support future assessments of land-system trajectories and, coupled with evapotranspiration estimates, changes in crop water consumption.
IL FAIT MOINS NOIR QUAND ON PARLE - Groupes Balint/Education: Le Dialogue Pédagogie Psychanalyse en Formation d'Enseignants comme Outil pour la Compréhension des Vécus de Destructivité et Recherche Créative du Modifiable
Creators: name: Sá, Maria Teresa Casanova De Araújo
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2007

description: Les enseignants sont de plus en plus devant toute une série d’enfants et d’adolescents qui  viennent en classe en quête d’identité, avec de profonds besoins d'affirmation de soi, parfois avec une profonde souffrance à la suite d’une vie familiale et intérieure faite de trop de vécus de cassure. Si l’intervention en milieu scolaire s’adresse le plus souvent aux élèves, les enseignants éprouvent de plus en plus le besoin d’être soutenus. La Psychanalyse, avec son propos de  lire au delà de ce qui se présente devant nous, sachant  bien que l’individu n’est jamais réductible au comportement qu’il donne à voir, nous invite à chercher l’intelligibilité et le sens pour l’activité humaine dans ses racines pulsionnelles et relationnelles et à découvrir les voies par lesquelles un être humain se construit, se déconstruit et se construit autrement. Ainsi, elle  offre un outil précieux aux enseignants. L’auteur propose une réflexion sur les apports de la Psychanalyse à l’Education, présentant le dispositif des groupes de formation Balint pour enseignants.
description: Interacções, vol. 3 n.º 7 (2007): A construção de conhecimento enquanto empreendimento dialógico/interactivo II.
Group-velocity slowdown in quantum-dots and quantum-dot molecules
Creators: name: Michael, Stephan
name: Chow, Weng W.
name: Schneider, Hans Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the slowdown of optical pulses due to quantum-coherence effects in InGaAs-based quantum dots and quantum dot molecules. Simple models for the electronic structure of quantum dots and, in particular, quantum-dot molecules are described and calibrated using numerical simulations. It is shown how these models can be used to design optimized quantum-dot molecules for quantum coherence applications. The wave functions and energies obtained from the optimizations are used as input for a microscopic calculation of the quantum-dot material dynamics including carrier scattering and polarization dephasing. The achievable group velocity slowdown in quantum-coherence V schemes consisting of quantum-dot molecule states is shown to be substantially higher than what is achievable from similar transitions in typical InGaAs-based single quantum dots.
description: Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices XXII, SPIE Photonics West 2014
Facades-as-a-Service
Creators: name: Azcárate-Aguerre, Juan F.
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2023

description: Facades-as-a-Service (FaaS) is a systemic innovation model aiming to accelerate and enhance the energy and comfort performance improvement of our buildings, while safeguarding the availability of material resources for future generations. The circular economy and clean energy transitions in the built environment have respectively dominated the academic dialogue in architecture, engineering, and real estate over the last decades. While significant progress has been made, and many fine examples of more sustainable architecture exist, the process has been hindered by traditional systemic models for the planning, contracting, financing, construction, and management of building projects. If we are to meet the ambitious climate-change mitigation goals and material resource preservation challenges of our generation, it is crucial to re-think the way in which we build, operate, and decommission the built environment. Product-service systems (PSS) are a promising model for realigning environmental risks and responsibilities with financial and business objectives, while promoting much deeper and long-lasting collaboration between all parties involved in a building’s life-cycle. This thesis focuses on the building envelope, as one of the most performance-determining systems in our buildings. It then questions the technological, managerial, financial, and legal contexts which often perpetuate unsustainable linear practices despite the urgency for - and technical feasibility of - more energy- and resource-efficient alternatives. Facades-as-a-Service is a topic that extends far beyond technological readiness and architectural engineering. It is rather a thesis about how we make façade construction and retrofitting decisions, the systemic parameters that determine and constraint these decisions, and whether – in the search for a more sustainable built environment – we should question the fundamental concepts behind these decisions. The results show that gradual and strategic development with a multi-disciplinary perspective can enable and facilitate the implementation of more efficient and sustainable building practices.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 11 (2023): Facades-as-a-Service
Intencionalidade psicológica em investigação: dar voz a crianças sobre a sua tristeza
Creators: name: Zamith-Cruz, Judite
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2007

description: Ao longo da infância, um dos factores protectores consiste na criança possuir alguém em quem confie e que lhe comunique verbalmente (com clareza) acreditar na sua capacidade e possibilidade. E caso se pretenda atingir o seu íntimo com a intenção de a confrontar, educando, e de a levar a desenvolver-se, passar-se-á pela relação como desafio positivo, antecedida de um tipo de perturbação psicológica. Todos somos aprendizes, quando vivamos situações de «andaimagem» (scaffolding) que desafiem a estabilidade.

A investigação psicológica integra a colaboração individual com cerca de 100 crianças para sabermos modos diversos de lidarem com desencorajamento e frustração, nas idades de frequentarem o jardim-de-infância e o ensino básico, 1º ciclo.

Com base na experiência «vivida» e na fantasia criativa das crianças, elas conversaram, escreveram e/ou realizaram desenhos, o que veio a constituir dados qualitativos. Outra decisão foi valorizar-se o contexto de descoberta. A orientação metodológica foi construir teoria em alternativa a testar uma teoria, o que não impediu aprofundar-se uma teoria contextual do significado - Análise Textual, porque se presume que a personalidade é forjada segundo padrões narrativos: todos nós definirmos finalidades para protagonistas humanos e chegamos a forçá-los a reagirem de modo específico, em imaginação.

A forma mais eloquente de recriarmos versões do mundo chamou-se Narrativa. Nessa abordagem à Psicologia, os dados são «textos», optando-se por interpretá-los com técnicas da metodologia qualitativa Grounded Analysis: construção de categorias a posteriori e de diagramas.

Evidenciaram-se sequências narrativas e momentos significativos de leves tristezas, perdas de afecto reais ou antecipadas.
description: Interacções, vol. 3 n.º 7 (2007): A construção de conhecimento enquanto empreendimento dialógico/interactivo II.
Modelo de tutoria: construção dialógica de sentido(s)
Creators: name: Azevedo, Nair Rios
name: Nascimento, Ana Teresa Brito
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2007

description: O nosso objectivo é evidenciar o percurso conceptual e metodológico de concepção e desenvolvimento de um modelo de funcionamento, formação e investigação centrado na figura de tutor, no âmbito da Fundação LIGA. Esta organização dirige-se a uma população alargada, em múltiplas e diferenciadas situações de carência social, muitas portadoras de deficiência, mas todas consideradas pessoas (corpo e singularidade individual e coexistência social), conceito forte e fundador da actividade da instituição.

Se o critério conceptual e funcional da LIGA é a centralidade da pessoa, isso significa que toda a acção se deve nortear pela partilha do projecto pessoal de sentido de todos com quem trabalha. Justifica-se a adopção de um modelo de tutoria na medida em que se acredita que este é capaz de potenciar as capacidades, escolhas e decisões que vão concretizando o projecto de vida de cada um.

Questionamos, então, as fronteiras conceptuais do conceito de “tutor”. O tutor, como figura modelar – reflexo do modelo da instituição – deverá ser descrito e entendido através da análise de um conjunto de competências relacionais e técnicas que ecoam na organização, sistematizando-as e dando-lhes forma, de modo a potenciar a sua realização em todos os programas e por todos os seus membros. A questão que se impõe é saber quais são essas competências, evidenciá-las, procurando que sejam consciencializadas e assumidas por todos.
 Descrevemos neste artigo o processo utilizado na organização, para a concepção e implementação de uma prática centrada na figura do tutor. É da procura de novos caminhos, novas estratégias que se trata, e, fundamentalmente de construção de conhecimento.
description: Interacções, vol. 3 n.º 7 (2007): A construção de conhecimento enquanto empreendimento dialógico/interactivo II.
School identity: a living document on the relationship between the biography of the principal relating to school identity
Creators: name: Avest, K. H. (Ina) Ter
name: Bakker, C. (Cok)
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2007

description: Identity, since long a concept used in developmental theories on puberty and early adolescence, in this article is used as a concept describing the situational determined process of creating a distinct profile of the school. In this process, it is argued, the role of the principal of the school is of particular interest. The Self Confrontation Method (SCM) is supposed to play an important role in clarifying the autobiographical aspects of the principal’s main life theme in relation to his role of being the leading and motivating person in the creative process of identity development of the school. The principal’s life theme and the process of identity development of the school seem to be closely related.
description: Interacções, vol. 3 n.º 7 (2007): A construção de conhecimento enquanto empreendimento dialógico/interactivo II.
Numerical Relativity and Astrophysics
Creators: name: Lehner, Luis
name: Pretorius, Frans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Throughout the Universe many powerful events are driven by strong gravitational effects that require general relativity to fully describe them. These include compact binary mergers, black hole accretion and stellar collapse, where velocities can approach the speed of light, and extreme gravitational fields --$Φ_{\rm Newt}/c^2 \simeq 1$-- mediate the interactions. Many of these processes trigger emission across a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum. Compact binaries further source strong gravitational wave emission that could directly be detected in the near future. This feat will open up a gravitational wave window into our Universe and revolutionize its understanding. Describing these phenomena requires general relativity, and --where dynamical effects strongly modify gravitational fields-- the full Einstein equations coupled to matter sources. Numerical relativity is a field within general relativity concerned with studying such scenarios that cannot be accurately modeled via perturbative or analytical calculations. In this review, we examine results obtained within this discipline, with a focus on its impact in astrophysics.
description: 46 pages, 8 Figures; version of publication to appear in Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
title: Exploring the Space Between: Community Perspectives and Experiences of Child Discipline and the Relationship with the Discourse of Children’s Rights in Northwest Tanzania
Creators: name: Kelly, SA
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2020

description: In 2011, three-quarters of young people reported experiencing survey-defined physical violence before turning 18 in the Tanzania Violence Against Children Survey (VACS). Physical punishment is, however, legal across all settings of children’s lives on mainland Tanzania. This ethnography focuses on the space between community perceptions and experiences of child discipline and the discourse on children’s rights. The study’s conceptual framework combines a socio-ecological model with the concept of liminality to consider policies, practices and perspectives about physical punishment within a rapidly transforming society. Data were collected April 2016 – May 2017 in a northwest Tanzania peri-urban town, with some Dar es Salaam national-level data also collected. Methods included observation, in-depth interviews, group discussions with teachers, caregivers, and children (8-12 years), and policy and media reviews. As a term, physical punishment proved more consistently understood for discussing children’s experiences of violence than corporal punishment. Physical punishment was common in the peri-urban town and mostly considered necessary. Some national rights translators, adults and children across the socio-ecological model contest the practice. Adults resisted physical punishment’s abolishment using enactments of avoidance, negotiation and/or outright rejection. Multiple childhood realities emerged along class lines with middle-class providing some protection from physical punishment. Children mostly said physical punishments were necessary for maintaining respect and obedience, but also relayed that excessive physical punishment was violence and created fear and stress that could undermine learning. This ethnography demonstrates the value of combined methods in understanding children’s daily realities and the complicated and uncomfortable relativist ethics of researching physical punishment of children. I argue that global rights discourse is not just imposed. Rather, it is resisted, debated and dynamic, occupying a liminal space within broader societal change. Resolution on use of physical punishment has not yet been reached; however, transformations are on-going which considered the best interest of the child.
A escola, ecologia viva e reflexiva: o poder de mudar
Creators: name: Hamido, Gracinda
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2007

description: É sobretudo centrados numa discussão dos traços identitários da Escola e dos conceitos de mudança, de inovação e de aprendizagem, que nos propomos analisar algumas implicações do papel da escola, enquanto organização, no acesso ao conhecimento e ao saber que é suposta promover. Este papel converte-a num elemento nuclear dos processos de mudança e inovação das sociedades, sendo certo, porém, que a obriga a desenvolver a capacidade de, ela própria, aprender. Entre os traços identitários da escola e dos agentes que a habitam e a sua reclamada mudança, existe uma relação dialógica que importa analisar. Ela envolve (re)avaliações de pressupostos, valores e práticas, numa dinâmica que mobiliza  competências para pensar e agir, interagir e decidir com outros, ou seja, competências de pensamento e de aprendizagem colectivos/organizacionais. Defendemos que estas competências se geram no (inter)agir colectivo que relaciona, conecta, articula e integra diferentes lógicas de acção, epistemologias e ideologias. Geram-se, portanto, na assunção do dialogismo essencial que atravessa os processos de construção de conhecimento.
description: Interacções, vol. 3 n.º 7 (2007): A construção de conhecimento enquanto empreendimento dialógico/interactivo II.
Jupyter book tutorials demonstrating xarray-based workflows for cloud-hosted remote sensing data
Creators: name: Marshall, Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Recent advances in satellite imagery availability, cloud-computing resources and open-source software represent exciting developments in earth science and climate research. Access to computing resources and storage are significant bottlenecks and barriers to participation that hinder efforts to undo historical legacies of exclusion in the sciences. Transitioning to cloud-based workflows has the potential to drastically increase efficiency and broaden scientific participation, two important objectives on the path to understanding and preparing mitigation strategies for a changing climate. With evolving computational tools comes the associated need for detailed, accessible documentation and educational resources to increase usership of these tools and datasets. This work presents Jupyter Book tutorials focusing on datasets relevant to cryospheric research: Inter-Mission Time Series of Land Ice Velocity and Elevation (ITS_LIVE) glacier surface velocity and Sentinel-1 radiometric terrain-corrected (RTC) backscatter data. The tutorials demonstrate accessing and interacting with cloud-hosted remote sensing datasets on platforms such as Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Planetary Computer (PC) using the open-source Python package xarray. We focus on complex, novel, real-world datasets that carry considerable scientific value. The tutorials were developed with an emphasis on accessible, explanatory text that includes solutions to commonly-encountered errors, step-by-step descriptions of xarray functionality, and ways to incorporate xarray tools to improve common scientific pipelines. Scaling educational resources related to remote sensing datasets, cloud-computing resources and scientific data analysis is critical in order to leverage the potential of these resources and realize their benefit. This work provides broadly applicable, accessible examples and establishes a framework through which future examples may be developed
Characterizing the weak topological properties: Berry phase point of view
Creators: name: Yoshimura, Yukinori
name: Imura, Ken-Ichiro
name: Fukui, Takahiro
name: Hatsugai, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose classification schemes for characterizing two-dimensional topological phases with nontrivial weak indices. Here, "weak" implies that the Chern number in the corresponding phase is trivial, while the system shows edge states along specific boundaries. As concrete examples, we analyze different versions of the so-called Wilson-Dirac model with (i) anisotropic Wilson terms, (ii) next nearest neighbor hopping terms, and (iii) a superlattice generalization of the model, here in the tight-binding implementation. For types (i) and (ii) a graphic classification of strong properties is successfully generalized for classifying weak properties. As for type (iii), weak properties are attributed to quantized Berry phase pi along a Wilson loop.
description: 15 pages, 6 captioned figures (32 panels in total)
Exploring Sensory Processing among Hearing Impaired and Culturally Deaf Children
Creators: name: Coulson-Thaker, Kim
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sensory Processing
Child and Adolescent Mental Health
Scoping Review
Deaf
Children

description: It is estimated that 5-10% of the non-clinical paediatric population experience difficulties with sensory processing (SP). In some clinical groups 90-95% of children are estimated to experience difficulties in this area. SP needs correlate with higher rates of mental health difficulties. Deaf and hearing-impaired children experience at least one sensory input differently than the general population. They are also more vulnerable to mental health difficulties than their hearing peers. SP needs among Deaf and hearing-impaired children have never been explored. Aim: This study explored SP and mental wellbeing among 5 to 10-year-old Deaf and hearing-impaired children. Method: A quantitative, within group design (N = 21) was used. Scores from two parent-rated measures routinely used in clinical and research settings were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. These measures were the Sensory Profile Caregiver Questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: In each area of SP 19 - 76% of the Deaf and hearing-impaired sample demonstrated ‘atypical’ responses. Mean SP scores for the Deaf and hearing-impaired children differed significantly from norms for typically developing children and those with a diagnosis of ASD and a diagnosis of ADHD. Children using hearing aids showed greater difficulties in two SP areas compared to those using cochlear implants. Degree of hearing loss and sign language use were not found to impact SP. SP scores explained a significant proportion of variance in scores related to mental wellbeing. Conclusion: Cautiously it is suggested that Deaf and hearing-impaired children may have a unique SP profile, SP may be influenced by the use of hearing equipment, and there is a link between SP needs and mental wellbeing among these children. More research across the lifespan including research into assessment and interventions is needed.
The Ginger-shaped Asteroid 4179 Toutatis: New Observations from a Successful Flyby of Chang'e-2
Creators: name: Huang, Jiangchuan
name: Ji, Jianghui
name: Ye, Peijian
name: Wang, Xiaolei
name: Yan, Jun
name: Meng, Linzhi
name: Wang, Su
name: Li, Chunlai
name: Li, Yuan
name: Qiao, Dong
name: Zhao, Wei
name: Zhao, Yuhui
name: Zhang, Tingxin
name: Liu, Peng
name: Jiang, Yun
name: Rao, Wei
name: Li, Sheng
name: Huang, Changning
name: Ip, Wing-Huen
name: Hu, Shoucun
name: Zhu, Menghua
name: Yu, Liangliang
name: Zou, Yongliao
name: Tang, Xianglong
name: Li, Jianyang
name: Zhao, Haibin
name: Huang, Hao
name: Jiang, Xiaojun
name: Bai, Jinming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 13 December 2012, Chang'e-2 conducted a successful flyby of the near-Earth asteroid 4179 Toutatis at a closest distance of 770 $\pm$ 120 meters from the asteroid's surface. The highest-resolution image, with a resolution of better than 3 meters, reveals new discoveries on the asteroid, e.g., a giant basin at the big end, a sharply perpendicular silhouette near the neck region, and direct evidence of boulders and regolith, which suggests that Toutatis may bear a rubble-pile structure. Toutatis' maximum physical length and width are (4.75 $\times$ 1.95 km) $\pm$10$\%$, respectively, and the direction of the +$z$ axis is estimated to be (250$\pm$5$^\circ$, 63$\pm$5$^\circ$) with respect to the J2000 ecliptic coordinate system. The bifurcated configuration is indicative of a contact binary origin for Toutatis, which is composed of two lobes (head and body). Chang'e-2 observations have significantly improved our understanding of the characteristics, formation, and evolution of asteroids in general.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Editorial - Prática profissional de professores: centralidade da reflexão nos processos de supervisão
Creators: name: Campos, Joana
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2008

description: O presente número organiza-se em torno da centralidade que a reflexão assume nos processos de supervisão da prática profissional de professores. Os resultados das investigações que neste número se reúnem demonstram que essa centralidade é tão significativa nos contextos de formação inicial como nos de formação contínua. Os autores que sobre as questões de formação e desenvolvimento profissional dos professores se tem vindo a debruçar, aqui reunidos, sublinham o carácter processual dessa reflexão, assim como a importância de que se revestem os instrumentos e procedimentos analíticos que o alimentam. Embora com considerações e resultados aproximados no que à reflexão e supervisão nos processos de formação e desenvolvimento profissional dos professores dizem respeito, os artigos deste número temático apresentam uma significativa diversidade de pontos de partida e questões investigativas, assim como de quadros teóricos de referência e métodos e técnicas de pesquisa empírica.
description: Interacções, vol. 4 n.º 8 (2008): A prática profissional de professores: a centralidade da reflexão nos processos de supervisão.
The Impact of Introduced European Catfish (Silurus glanis L.) in UK Waters: a Three Pond Study
Creators: name: Rees, Ann
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silurus glanis
European catfish
non-native species
invasive potential
ecological impacts
socio-economic impacts
disease transmission

description: Invasive fish species pose a threat to native fish species diversity across the globe with the extinction of many native and endemic fish species. There are concerns about the increase in non-native Silurus glanis introductions for trophy angling into the UK and possible harmful impacts to native fish communities. This study aimed to determine a) how different S. glanis size groups may influence establishment success into new environments by using parameters such as growth and trophic alterations and b) the potential risks posed by holding non-native S. glanis. Three ponds and a lake situated in the flood zone to the surrounding river catchment in southern England were used as study sites. A first application in Europe of the European Non-native Species in Aquaculture Risk Analysis (ENSARS) and stable isotope analysis contributed to address the study aims. From this study of the three S. glanis size groups there was a suggestion of differences in growth and trophic impact were correlated with fish size suggesting that life history traits can influence establishment into invaded ponds. Large sized S. glanis exhibited high trophic position in food web which was indicative of an apex predator in pond communities. Across all S. glanis size groups, individuals had distinct differences in isotopic 13C range of diet. This suggests that S. glanis have plasticity in trophic strategy and phenotypic response within new environments which may influence establishment success. The ENSARS analysis distinguished between the potential risks of harmful ecological and socio-economic impacts posed by the likelihood of S. glanis establishment and spread of disease transmission to native fish communities. The analysis suggested that shallow drainage channels and floodplains were likely to be favourable spawning and breeding habitats. A novel ancyrocephalid monogenean parasite Thaparocleidus vistulensis was detected upon S. glanis which was a new finding for the UK. Climate type and habitat niche also influence establishment of non-native fish with predicted thermal changes in aquatic habitats driven by climate change likely to facilitate S. glanis invasiveness into aquatic habitats throughout the UK. Consequently the present risk status of non-native S. glanis invasive potential is liable to change in future years which should be taken into account by updating appropriate risk and regulatory policies in non-native fisheries management.
Prática pedagógica: cenário de formação profissional
Creators: name: Galveias, Maria De Fátima Cid
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2008

description: O presente texto resulta da transcrição da comunicação apresentada pela autora na Jornadas de Prática Pedagógica na Escola Superior de Educação de Santarém, dinamizadas no âmbito da iniciação à prática profissional dos cursos de Educação de Infância e Professores do Ensino Básico – 1º Ciclo. Nessa comunicação a autora apresentou uma breve sistematização teórica dos cenários de supervisão para a formação de professores, enfatizando os elementos que considera mais relevantes para a formação inicial dos professores, e que constituem referencial para  a iniciação profissional dos cursos em referência. São ainda apresentadas com detalhe as etapas do processo supervisivo em torno da iniciação a uma prática profissional de professores que se pretende que seja reflexiva, problematizadora, promotora de pesquisa e construtora de conhecimento profissional.
description: Interacções, vol. 4 n.º 8 (2008): A prática profissional de professores: a centralidade da reflexão nos processos de supervisão.
Bias Correction and Modified Profile Likelihood under the Wishart Complex Distribution
Creators: name: Nascimento, Abraão D. C.
name: Frery, Alejandro C.
name: Cintra, Renato J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes improved methods for the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of the equivalent number of looks $L$. This parameter has a meaningful interpretation in the context of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) images. Due to the presence of coherent illumination in their processing, PolSAR systems generate images which present a granular noise called speckle. As a potential solution for reducing such interference, the parameter $L$ controls the signal-noise ratio. Thus, the proposal of efficient estimation methodologies for $L$ has been sought. To that end, we consider firstly that a PolSAR image is well described by the scaled complex Wishart distribution. In recent years, Anfinsen et al. derived and analyzed estimation methods based on the ML and on trace statistical moments for obtaining the parameter $L$ of the unscaled version of such probability law. This paper generalizes that approach. We present the second-order bias expression proposed by Cox and Snell for the ML estimator of this parameter. Moreover, the formula of the profile likelihood modified by Barndorff-Nielsen in terms of $L$ is discussed. Such derivations yield two new ML estimators for the parameter $L$, which are compared to the estimators proposed by Anfinsen et al. The performance of these estimators is assessed by means of Monte Carlo experiments, adopting three statistical measures as comparison criterion: the mean square error, the bias, and the coefficient of variation. Equivalently to the simulation study, an application to actual PolSAR data concludes that the proposed estimators outperform all the others in homogeneous scenarios.
A comunicação nas aulas de matemática revelada nas narrativas escritas em diários reflexivos de futuros professores
Creators: name: Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2008

description: Neste artigo buscou-se identificar o tipo de comunicação que ocorre nas aulas de matemática, reveladas em diários reflexivos dos futuros professores durante o estágio da docência e as suas aprendizagens nesse cenário. Foi solicitada a produção de diários reflexivos das observações realizadas. O contexto de práticas de ensino e estágio da docência são concebidos como importante espaço reflexivo, possibilitando aos licenciandos conhecer e analisar a realidade escolar; investigar, planejar e implementar diferentes metodologias para o ensino de matemática. A comunicação matemática é um dos aspectos que tem merecido atenção nas orientações curriculares, por se constituir num indicador da natureza do processo de ensino-aprendizagem e em condição necessária para o seu desenvolvimento. Verificou-se que a comunicação nas aulas de matemática observadas tem sido realizada timidamente e com pouca intencionalidade. A pesquisa revelou que refletir sobre essas práticas ainda na formação inicial é fundamental para a constituição docente.
description: Interacções, vol. 4 n.º 8 (2008): A prática profissional de professores: a centralidade da reflexão nos processos de supervisão.
Evaluation of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate measurement by IRIA automated method and Westergren manual method at Myungsung Christian Medical Center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Dawit Tsegaye
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Background: - Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is still a widely used hematological parameter as indicator of disease condition. Westergren method is the standard method based on International committee for Standardization in Hematology (ICSH) recommendation for measuring ESR. But nowadays different automated instruments are available with reduced turnaround time, which increase the quality by reducing bio-hazard risk for the laboratory professionals. However, there is no method comparison study conducted in Ethiopia and still the old method is used in many health facilities.

Objective: -Evaluation of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate measurement by IRIA automated method and Westergren manual method at Myungsung Christian Medical Center, Addis Ababa
Congresso de ciências do cotidiano: uma proposta inovadora para o desenvolvimento do estágio supervisionado na formação de inicial de professores
Creators: name: Oliveira, Márcia Márcia Rozenfeld Gomes De
name: Bozzini, Isabela Custódio Talora
name: Monte, Maria Das Graças
name: Freitas, Denise De
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2008

description: Este trabalho discute as contribuições da disciplina Prática de Ensino de Ciências para a formação reflexiva dos futuros professores de Ciências e Biologia. Essa disciplina foi permeada pelo desafio de organizar, executar e avaliar um “Congresso sobre as Ciências do Cotidiano” em parceria com nove escolas do Ensino Fundamental da rede pública de São Carlos – SP (Brasil); o que deu ao curso um caráter inovador. Tinha-se a expectativa de que a adoção de uma intervenção didático-pedagógica envolvendo um projeto desafiador, como o Congresso, sustentaria, de um lado, a construção de inovações no ensino como uma forma de os licenciandos experimentarem outras modalidades do currículo e do trabalho docente e, de outro, propiciar a formação profissional de professoras/pesquisadoras iniciantes. Como forma de coleta de dados dessa experiência utilizamos questionários aplicados aos licenciandos, crônicas escritas pelos alunos da disciplina ao término do semestre letivo, diário de bordo de uma pós-graduanda participante da experiência e os relatos da pós-graduanda e da professora responsável pela disciplina. Constatamos que, para os alunos da graduação, essa experiência possibilitou: aprendizagem sobre a docência em suas múltiplas dimensões: um trabalho coletivo no ambiente educacional; a reflexão na e sobre a ação; o contato com uma pluralidade de estratégias de ensino; a percepção da importância do vínculo com os alunos, a importância da criatividade e da flexibilidade nas ações de ensino; e vivenciar que a mudança é possível.
description: Interacções, vol. 4 n.º 8 (2008): A prática profissional de professores: a centralidade da reflexão nos processos de supervisão.
Design and Synthesis of Novel pH-Sensitive Anticancer Drug and Efflux Pump Inhibitor Conjugates
Creators: name: Ramdeen-Lessey, Klis Keith
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2020
Subjects: Anticancer
EPI
cis-aconityl
cancer
treatment

description: Resistance to anti-cancer therapies has proven a challenge for effective treatments. Efflux pumps when overexpressed in cancer cells, eject drugs from the cell, rendering them ineffective. The pH of cancer cells is generally lower than that of normal cells, due to their raised metabolic rate. This disparity can be exploited using a prodrug that is activated at an acidic pH, resulting in improved efficacy for treatments. Co-administration of an efflux pump inhibitor (EPI) with an anticancer drug can prevent drug efflux, reduce normal cell cytotoxicity, and improve the efficacy. Using the cytotoxic drug, doxorubicin, the EPIs, MC70 and norverapamil with the cis¬-aconityl linker, possible conjugates were modelled. We chose the cis-aconityl linker because it is acid-labile at pH values <7 and, is suitable for targeted release of doxorubicin in tumours. Linker conjugates for glucosamine and 4-aminotetrahydropyran, model compounds for doxorubicin, 4-phenylphenol, the model compound for MC70, and dibutylamine, phenethylamine and N-methyl-phenethylamine, model compounds for norverapamil, were synthesized and analysed. This study has laid the groundwork for a novel way of increasing the efficacy of doxorubicin, and possibly other medicine, which will hopefully lead to more studies and eventual treatments and therapies.
Professional knowledge construction through reflective practice and tutorial supervision
Creators: name: Campos, Joana
Publisher: name: Interacções
Year: 2008

description: In this paper the implications of the primary school teachers’ education model implemented at the School of Education of Santarém from 2001 up till now are analysed with respect to the perceived implications of the experienced model on their professional knowledge and practice as beginner teachers. The focus of the research goes to the procedures of reflective analysis, feedback and supervision developed during the practicum throughout the whole training curriculum. Some data are presented and analyzed from a longitudinal exploratory study that has been developed focusing on a sample of beginner teachers who experienced the model, initiating their activity: a) Analysis of individual written reflections produced regularly by students (5 per year), within the practicum, and of their interaction with written feedbacks provided by the supervisor’s team on those reflective writings; b) Semi-structured interviews to a smaller sample within this group in order to deepen the understanding of the same issues.
description: Interacções, vol. 4 n.º 8 (2008): A prática profissional de professores: a centralidade da reflexão nos processos de supervisão.