cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bottomonium dipion transitions
Creators: name: Simonov, Yu. A.
name: Veselov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dipion transitions of the subthreshold bottomonium levels $Υ(nS)\to Υ(n'S) ππ$ with $n>n', n=2,3,4, n'=1,2$ are studied in the framework of the chiral decay Lagrangian, derived earlier. The channels $B\bar B, B\bar B^*+ c.c, B^* \bar B^*$ are considered in the intermediate state and realistic wave functions of $Υ(n S),B$ and $B^*$ are used in the overlap matrix elements. Imposing the Adler zero requirement on the transition matrix element, one obtains 2d and 1d dipion spectra in reasonable agreement with experiment.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures
Development of Phosphorus Thin Doped Layers by Plasma Immersion for Homo- Hetero Junction Solar Cells Application
Creators: name: Jourdan, J.
name: Desrues, T.
name: Lanterne, A.
name: Muñoz, D.
name: Varache, R.
name: Danel, A.
name: Carroy, P.
name: Roux, C.
name: Dubois, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 552-555
description: Introducing a thin inverted doped layer at the interface between the intrinsic amorphous silicon (a- Si:H) and the crystalline silicon (c-Si) surface seems to be a promising solution to overcome the socalled inversion layer issues which can impact negatively the carrier transport and though the FF in the classical heterojunction technology (SHJ). The emerging homo-heterojunction (H-H) solar cell architecture presented in this work is based on the classical heterojunction adding thin and highly doped - c-Si layers (either (p+) or (n+)) at the front and/or back a-Si:H/c-Si interface. In this work, we study the formation of thin phosphorus doped layers realized by the innovative Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation (PIII) approach to improve the front-side of a rear-emitter device. Impact of both the implantation and the subsequent anneal steps have been investigated for different implantation doses and annealing temperatures not to degrade the whole device. Then, H-H solar cells have been processed integrating the thin phosphorus doped layer into the standard SHJ process flow available on the CEA-INES pilot line and compared with standard SHJ cells. It is found that H-H architecture exhibit higher performances than standard SHJ solar cells (+0.1%), especially in terms of VOC and passivation. However, a non-understood limitation of the FF is limiting the full potential of this emerging concept and further work is currently ongoing to better understand this limitation and optimize the process flow adapted to the H-H concept.
Impact of WACC and Other Parameters on Future Utility-Scale PV LCOE
Creators: name: Vartiainen, E.
name: Masson, G.
name: Breyer, C.
name: Moser, D.
name: Román Medina, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Finance, Markets and Policies
Costs, Economics, Finance and Markets

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1937-1949
description: Solar photovoltaics (PV) is already the cheapest form of electricity generation in many countries and market segments. Market prices of PV modules and systems have developed so fast that it is difficult to find reliable up to date public data on real PV capital (CAPEX) and operational expenditures (OPEX) on which to base the levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) calculations. This paper projects the future utility-scale PV LCOE until 2050 in several European countries. It uses the most recent and best available public input data for the PV LCOE calculations and future projections. Utility-scale PV LCOE in 2019 in Europe with 7% nominal Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) ranges from 24 €/MWh in Malaga to 42 €/MWh in Helsinki. This is remarkable since the average electricity day-ahead market price in Finland was 47 €/MWh and in Spain 57 €/MWh in 2018. This means that PV is already cheaper than average spot market electricity all over Europe. By 2030, PV LCOE will range from 14 €/MWh in Malaga to 24 €/MWh in Helsinki with 7% nominal WACC. This range will be 9-15 €/MWh by 2050, making PV clearly the cheapest form of electricity generation everywhere. Sensitivity analysis shows that apart from location, WACC is the most important input parameter in the calculation of PV LCOE. Increasing nominal WACC from 2% to 10% will double the LCOE. Changes in PV CAPEX and OPEX, learning rates or market volume growth scenarios have a relatively smaller impact on future PV LCOE.
Additional file 2 of Natural history of respiratory muscle strength in spinal muscular atrophy: a prospective national cohort study
Creators: name: Veldhoen, Esther S.
name: Wijngaarde, Camiel A.
name: Hulzebos, Erik H. J.
name: Wösten-van Asperen, Roelie M.
name: Wadman, Renske I.
name: van Eijk, Ruben P. A.
name: Asselman, Fay Lynn
name: Stam, Marloes
name: Otto, Louise A. M.
name: Cuppen, Inge
name: Scheijmans, Feline E. V.
name: den Oudenrijn, Laura P. Verweij-van
name: Bartels, Bart
name: Gaytant, Michael A.
name: van der Ent, Cornelis K.
name: van der Pol, W. Ludo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2 Standardized PEF (in %) stratified by SMA type: model parameters estimates.
Electrode Design for Wire Interconnected Back Contact Solar Cells
Creators: name: Spribille, A.
name: Huyeng, J.D.
name: Schweigstill, T.
name: Franzetti, I.
name: Rendler, L.C.
name: Clement, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 196-200
description: Back contact back junction (BC-BJ) solar cells are a well-studied cell concept for high efficiency silicon solar cells. Wire interconnection is a known approach for the interconnection of solar cells with electrodes on front and rear side but has only recently been investigated in combination with back contact concepts [1]. Here, an optimal electrode design has quite different requirements. This study determines the smallest possible electrode geometry for linear electrodes on BC-BJ solar cells by conducting peel tests on geometry variations. Moreover, it is shown that the reliability of the wire interconnection is improved by implementing an optimized H-shaped pad geometry. Consequently, the H-shape is applied on BC-BJ half-cells and evaluated based on peel force measurements, as well as electroluminescence images of wire interconnected half-cells. A significant increase of peel force from below 0.1 N for linear pads to above 0.3 N for H-shaped pads, as well as a significant decrease of failure rate from 12.5 % for linear pads down to 4.5 % are demonstrated
On the reduction of hypercubic lattice artifacts
Creators: name: de Soto, F.
name: Roiesnel, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This note presents a comparative study of various options to reduce the errors coming from the discretization of a Quantum Field Theory in a lattice with hypercubic symmetry. We show that it is possible to perform an extrapolation towards the continuum which is able to eliminate systematically the artifacts which break the O(4) symmetry.
description: 15 pages. 4 figures. Minor changes (Appendix and refs added)
Z_3 Dark Matter and Two-Loop Neutrino Mass
Creators: name: Ma, Ernest
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter is usually distinguished from ordinary matter by an odd-even parity, i.e. the discrete symmetry Z_2. The new idea of Z_3 dark matter is proposed with a special application to generating radiative Majorana neutrino masses in two-loop order.
description: expanded (9 pages, 2 figures), 2 references added
Simultaneous Contacting of Boron and Phosphorus Doped Surfaces with a Single Screen Printing Paste
Creators: name: Huyeng, J.D.
name: Spribille, A.
name: Prince, M.G.
name: Rendler, L.C.
name: Ebert, C.
name: Eitner, U.
name: Clement, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 472-477
description: The contact formation by screen printed metal pastes is widely employed in standard solar cell production. To expand the use of screen printed electrodes to n-type solar cells, both boron and phosphorus doped surfaces need to be contacted. To do so with a single material has some advantages especially for IBC solar cells. In this study we test four different screen printing pastes on different boron and phosphorus dopings and in combination with different silicon nitride thicknesses. Phosphorus doping could be contacted over a wide range of sheet resistances, nitride thicknesses and fast firing conditions, leaving much freedom to target the boron contacts. Boron dopings are successfully contacted with all materials, if no capping silicon nitride layer was present. With silicon nitride capping an AgAl and an Ag paste are found to be suitable choices. The lowest contact resistivities with 100 nm SiNX capping determined in this study are C = 0.5 mΩ cm² on phosphorus (Ag) and C = 1.8 mΩ cm² on boron (Ag) doping with one single paste. These results enable highly efficient homojunction IBC cells at low cost.
Thomas More,  could the utopia of some become the dystopia of others?
Creators: name: Liebart, Déborah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: thomas more, utopia, dystopia, brussels economic forum, slavery, common good, utopians, inclusive society

description: This week after listening to speeches at the Brussels Economic Forum, I decided to write about utopia. In Belgium, on June 18, 2019, the question was how to build a more inclusive society through new technologies to make the world fairer and to reduce poverty … If you have seen my previous writings and my research topics, you already know that I have a certain "tenderness", critical sometimes, for utopian attempts throughout history.

The issues discussed during the BEF make me want to talk to you about Thomas More and his sometimes satirical, sometimes touching remarks, of the England of his time : criticism of land appropriation by the nobility and the clergy, rising taxes, civil wars, crumbling agriculture in favor of the raising of wool beasts for which capitalists monopolize the land, development of begging, vagrancy, food shortages… Problems that power resolves through jail sentences and / or executionner...
Non-invasive detection of molecular bonds in quantum dots
Creators: name: Rogge, M. C.
name: Haug, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed charge detection on a lateral triple quantum dot with star-like geometry. The setup allows us to interpret the results in terms of two double dots with one common dot. One double dot features weak tunnel coupling and can be understood with atom-like electronic states, the other one is strongly coupled forming molecule-like states. In nonlinear measurements we identified patterns that can be analyzed in terms of the symmetry of tunneling rates. Those patterns strongly depend on the strength of interdot tunnel coupling and are completely different for atomic- or molecule-like coupled quantum dots allowing the non-invasive detection of molecular bonds.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Boosting capacitive performance of manganese oxide nanorods by decorating with three-dimensional crushed graphene
Creators: name: Reaz, Akter Hossain
name: Saha, Shimul
name: Roy, Chanchal Kumar
name: Wahab, Md Abdul
name: Will, Geoffrey
name: Amin, Mohammed A.
name: Yamauchi, Yusuke
name: Liu, Shude
name: Kaneti, Yusuf Valentino
name: Hossain, Md. Shahriar
name: Firoz, Shakhawat H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. TEM images of (a) MnOx/S-rGO and (b) MnOx/C-rGO and HRTEM images of (c) MnOx/S-rGO and (d) MnOx/C-rGO. Figure S2. High-resolution O1s XPS spectra of (a) MnOx/S-rGO and (b) MnOx/C-rGO. Figure S3. High resolution C 1 s XPS spectra of (a) MnOx/S-rGO and (b) MnOx/C-rGO. Figure S4. High resolution Mn 2p XPS spectra of (a) MnOx/S-rGO and (b) MnOx/C-rGO. Figure S5. (a) CV curves at different scan rates and (b) GCD curves at different current densities of MnOx in 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte in the potential range of − 0.1 to 0.8 V. Figure S6. Electrochemical study in 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte with a three-electrode system: (a) CV curves at different scan rates and (b) GCD curves at different current densities of MnOx/S-rGO in the potential range of − 0.1 to 0.8 V. Figure S7. (a) CV curves at different scan rates and (b) GCD at different current densities of MnOx/C-rGO in 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte in the potential range of − 0.1 to 0.8 V. Figure S8. Electrochemical study in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte with a two-electrode system. CV curves of the symmetric devices prepared with (a) MnOx/S-rGO and (b) MnOx/C-rGO at different scan rates. GCD curves of the symmetric devices prepared with (c) MnOx/S-rGO and (d) MnOx/C-rGO at different current densities in the voltage range of 0 to 1.5 V. Figure S9. Equivalent fitting circuit. Table. S1 The obtained values of RS, Rct, Cdl, Zw, Cp, from EIS fitting.
Application of Different Gas Mixtures Types in p-Doped Layers of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells in the Rear Emitter Configuration
Creators: name: Abramov, A.
name: Andronikov, D.
name: Dubrovskiy, A.
name: Emtsev, K.
name: Ivanov, G.
name: Semenov, A.V.
name: Shakhray, I.
name: Terukov, E.I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 556-557
description: The effect of different gas mixtures on properties of p-doped layers and performance of SHJ solar cells was investigated. It is shown that optical properties and PL intensity depend on the composition of gas mixture. The best cell parameters were obtained by using the gas mixture without atoms of carbon. In this case, a significant increase in cell efficiency (~0.2% abs.) is observed for the industrial PECVD system by using a large number of samples.
Eigenvalue Estimates for submanifolds of $N \times \mathbb{R}$ with locally bounded mean curvature
Creators: name: Bessa, G. Pacelli
name: Costa, M. Silvana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C40; 53C42; 58C40

description: We give lower bounds for the fundamental tone of open sets in submanifolds with locally bounded mean curvature in $ N \times \mathbb{R}$, where $N$ is an $n$-dimensional complete Riemannian manifold with radial sectional curvature $K_{N} \leq κ$. When the immersion is minimal our estimates are sharp. We also show that cylindrically bounded minimal surfaces has positive fundamental tone.
description: 9 pages
Israel's Agricultural Economy in Brief
Creators: name: Kurtzig, Michael
name: Kurtzig, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1969
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Relations/Trade
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Agriculture has been Important in Israel's economy since establishment of the State 20 years ago. Initially small-scale and underdeveloped, Israel's agriculture today is highly advanced and sophisticated. Agricultural production since 1948 has increased sixfold in value (at current prices). Agricultural exports, totaling less than $20 million in 1948, reached a value of over $140 million in 1967. Twenty percent of 1967 's exports were processed agricultural goods. One-fifth of the country's land area is in crops. Israeli farmers produce more than three-quarters (by value) of the country's food, and agricultural products comprise about one-quarter of total exports. New agricultural export products--such as flowers, avocados, and vegetables geared to the European winter market--are receiving priority, and processed exports continue to increase.
Methodology and Tool for the Electrical Layout of BIPV-Modules with Novel Design Features
Creators: name: Eisenlohr, J.
name: Gasparotto, S.
name: Mondon, A.
name: Schäfer, L.
name: Heinrich, M.
name: Kuhn, T.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Applications and Integration
PV on/in Buildings, Infrastructure, Landscape, Water and Nature

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1749-1753
description: For photovoltaic systems that are integrated into buildings (building-integrated photovoltaics, BIPV), the aesthetical properties are crucial. While PV-modules based on (pseudo-)square crystalline silicon solar cells feature a geometrically regular and usually very technical appearance, architects and designers demand more freedom of design for PV-modules. Simultaneously, the electric efficiency and yield should stay in the focus when developing aesthetically valuable modules. In this work, we present a novel BIPV module design method aiming at high efficiency and innovative design. The novel concept is based on the idea that a PV cell can also consist of several parts that are electrically connected in parallel. These solar cell parts can vary in size and shape and be connected using a wire-based approach. A large variety of geometrical designs is possible and the modules can be aesthetically integrated into the design of a building’s envelope. The electric design of those modules is of course more challenging and we developed a simulation tool that allows for calculating the electric module properties based on an arbitrary design. The design can be given as an image, which is automatically translated via image recognition into a SPICE model. Using SPICE, the relevant electrical output (IV-curve, Jsc, Voc, FF) can be calculated and designs can be optimized electrically.
Plasma Oxidation for the Front Side Passivation of PERC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Mohamed Okasha Mohamed Okasha, A.
name: Kafle, B.
name: Torda, B.
name: Teßmann, C.
name: Moldovan, A.
name: Hofmann, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 423-426
description: A thin silicon oxide film is grown using microwave plasma oxidation (MW-PO) for improving the surface passivation quality of silicon nitride SiNx anti-reflection coating layer on crystalline silicon wafers without affecting the optical properties of the layer. The SiNx layers deposited at different conditions of chamber pressure are found to have different optical properties. Meanwhile, inclusion of thin oxide layer did not lead to change in optics of the front-side passivation stack. The oxide thickness was varied from 1.5-2.5 nm and is found to be influenced mainly by the change in the microwave power, chamber pressure and the substrate temperature. A comparison of single layer SiNx and the SiOx/SiNx stack is made for PERC solar cells, which revealed an enhancement of open-circuit voltage VOC up to 7 mV for the stack layer suggesting a positive effect of plasmabased oxidation on the emitter surface passivation
Measuring and Modelling the Generation of Acetic Acid in Aged Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate-Based Encapsulants Used in Solar Modules
Creators: name: Gnocchi, L.
name: Virtuani, A.
name: Vallat-Michel, A.
name: Fairbrother, A.
name: Li, H.-Y.
name: Ballif, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1069-1072
description: Acetic acid is produced in solar modules encapsulated with an Ethylene Vinyl Acetate based polymer. This is a major issue for the long-term stability of the module performance (i.e. series resistance increase and fill factor reduction). Quantitative assessment of acetic acid generation is necessary for the development of durability models. This step requires the use of invasive techniques, which ultimately destroy the module. In this work, a facile solution to opening modules for measurement of acid concentration is tested. An ETFE foil is placed in between the front/rear glass. It is then straightforward to separate the polymer encapsulant from the laminated stack and collect the produced acid. Liquid Chromatography coupled with a UV detector is the technique used to quantify the acetic acid concentration. The effect of the ETFE foil with respect to a standard module configuration (using one-cell mini-modules) during damp heat test is also assessed in order to understand the viability of the proposed method. Results show a faster degradation during damp heat test when ETFE is present due to faster water diffusion and condensation inside the module, an observation that forces us to be cautious on the validity of the results for samples that do not contain ETFE Finally, a preliminary acetic acid production simulation is shown and compared with the obtained experimental results.
Delayed neutrino-driven supernova explosions aided by the standing accretion-shock instability
Creators: name: Marek, A.
name: Janka, H. Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of 2D hydrodynamic simulations of stellar core collapse, which confirm that the neutrino-heating mechanism remains viable for the explosion of a wider mass range of supernova progenitors with iron cores. We used an energy-dependent treatment of the neutrino transport based on the "ray-by-ray plus" approximation, in which the number, energy, and momentum equations are closed with a variable Eddington factor obtained by iteratively solving a model Boltzmann equation. We focus on the evolution of a 15 Msun progenitor and show that shock revival and the explosion are initiated at about 600 ms post bounce, powered by neutrino energy deposition. Similar to previous findings for an 11.2 Msun star, but significantly later, the onset of the explosion is fostered by the standing accretion shock instability (SASI). This instability exhibits highest growth rates for the dipole and quadrupole modes, which lead to large-amplitude bipolar shock oscillations and push the shock to larger radii, thus increasing the time accreted matter is exposed to neutrino heating in the gain layer. Therefore also convective overturn behind the shock is strengthened. A "soft" nuclear equation of state that causes a rapid contraction and a smaller radius of the forming neutron star and thus a fast release of gravitational binding energy, seems to be more favorable for an explosion. Rotation has the opposite effect because it leads to a more extended and cooler neutron star and thus lower neutrino luminosities and mean energies and overall less neutrino heating. Neutron star g-mode oscillations and the acoustic mechanism play no important role in our simulations. (abridged)
description: 46 pages, 20 figures, 59 eps files; submitted to ApJ; significantly extended and revised version to account for referee comments; high-resolution images can be obtained upon request
Turkey's Agricultural Economy in Brief
Creators: name: Kurtzig, Michael E.
name: Kurtzig, Michael E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Turkey
subject: agricultural production
subject: trade
subject: wheat
subject: cotton
subject: tobacco
subject: agricultural statistics

description: This report describes recent trends in Turkish agriculture, trade, and economic planning. Cotton, tobacco, and filberts remain leading exports, while wheat needs--the prime food stable--are satisfied by domestic production and imports. The United States receives most of the Turkish tobacco exports while supplying most of Turkey's import requirements for wheat, fats and oils, and feed grains. The continuing modernization of farming technology, greater use of fertilizers, and the introduction of higher-yielding plant varieties have improved the agricultural picture. Though agriculture remains dominant in the Turkish economy, government efforts to step up industrial development through 5-year planning programs continues. The GNP growth target of 7 percent is being achieved.
On the Existence of the Coleman Instantons
Creators: name: Mukhanov, Viatcheslav
name: Sorin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify infinite classes of potentials for which the Coleman instantons do not exist. For these potentials, the decay of a false vacuum must be described by the new instantons introduced in [7,8].
description: 6 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures
Moment bounds for non-linear functionals of the periodogram
Creators: name: Faÿ, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we prove the validity of the Edgeworth expansion of the Discrete Fourier transforms of some linear time series. This result is applied to approach moments of non linear functionals of the periodogram. As an illustration, we give an expression of the mean square error of the Geweke and Porter-Hudak estimator of the long memory parameter. We prove that this estimator is rate optimal, extending the result of Giraitis, Robinson, Samarov (1997) from Gaussian to linear processes.
Sampling stream sediments for gold in mineral exploration, southern British Columbia
Creators: name: Day, Stephen John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The problems encountered by mineral explorationists when sampling stream sediments for gold were investigated by considering the sparsity of free gold particles and their tendency to form small placers at certain locations in the stream bed. Fourteen 20-kg samples of -5-mm sediment were collected from contrasting energy and geochemical environments in five streams draining gold occurrences in southern British Columbia. The samples were sieved to six size fractions (420 µm to 52 µm) and gold content was determined by neutron activation analysis following preparation of two density fractions using methylene iodide. Gold concentrations were converted to estimated number of free gold particles and the Poisson probability distribution was used to show that much larger field samples (>100 kg of -1 mm screened sediment) would be required to reduce random variability due to nugget effects to acceptable levels. However, in a comparison of conventional sampling methods, the lowest probability of failing to detect a stream sediment gold anomaly is obtained using the sampling method described in this study. Small-scale placer formation was investigated by collecting twenty 60-kg samples of -2-mm sediment from ten locations along five kilometres of Harris Creek in the Okanagan region, east of Vernon. Samples were prepared and analysed as described above though heavy-mineral concentrates were only prepared for two size fractions. Gold was found to be considerably enriched in sandy-gravel deposits compared to sand deposits, with the effect decreasing as sediment size decreased. The level of enrichment varies on the stream in response to changing channel slope and local hydraulic conditions. Gold anomaly dilution is apparent in sand deposits but not apparent in sandy-gravel deposits since gold is preferentially deposited in gravels as channel slope decreases. These results are presented in the framework of H.A. Einstein's sediment transport model. Sediment collected from gravels may represent the best geochemical sample since placer-forming processes produce high gold concentrations, however in very high energy streams, the small quantities of fine sediment in gravels may lead to unacceptable nugget effects. In the latter case, a sample collected from a sand deposit is a satisfactory alternative.
Additional file 1 of Natural history of respiratory muscle strength in spinal muscular atrophy: a prospective national cohort study
Creators: name: Veldhoen, Esther S.
name: Wijngaarde, Camiel A.
name: Hulzebos, Erik H. J.
name: Wösten-van Asperen, Roelie M.
name: Wadman, Renske I.
name: van Eijk, Ruben P. A.
name: Asselman, Fay Lynn
name: Stam, Marloes
name: Otto, Louise A. M.
name: Cuppen, Inge
name: Scheijmans, Feline E. V.
name: den Oudenrijn, Laura P. Verweij-van
name: Bartels, Bart
name: Gaytant, Michael A.
name: van der Ent, Cornelis K.
name: van der Pol, W. Ludo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Classification of SMA types.
Comment on "Minimal size of a barchan dune"
Creators: name: Andreotti, B.
name: Claudin, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now an accepted fact that the size at which dunes form from a flat sand bed as well as their `minimal size' scales on the flux saturation length. This length is by definition the relaxation length of the slowest mode toward equilibrium transport. The model presented by Parteli, Duran and Herrmann [Phys. Rev. E 75, 011301 (2007)] predicts that the saturation length decreases to zero as the inverse of the wind shear stress far from the threshold. We first show that their model is not self-consistent: even under large wind, the relaxation rate is limited by grain inertia and thus can not decrease to zero. A key argument presented by these authors comes from the discussion of the typical dune wavelength on Mars (650 m) on the basis of which they refute the scaling of the dune size with the drag length evidenced by Claudin and Andreotti [Earth Pla. Sci. Lett. 252, 30 (2006)]. They instead propose that Martian dunes, composed of large grains (500 micrometers), were formed in the past under very strong winds. We show that this saltating grain size, estimated from thermal diffusion measurements, is not reliable. Moreover, the microscopic photographs taken by the rovers on Martian aeolian bedforms show a grain size of 87 plus or minus 25 micrometers together with hematite spherules at millimetre scale. As those so-called ``blueberries'' can not be entrained by reasonable winds, we conclude that the saltating grains on Mars are the small ones, which gives a second strong argument against the model of Parteli et al.
description: A six page comment on ``Minimal size of a barchan dune'' by Parteli, Duran and Herrmann [Phys. Rev. E 75, 011301 (2007) arXiv:0705.1778]
Effect of adding cinnamon and using spray drying method on antioxidant properties of instant green tea.pdf
Creators: name: Latifi, Zahra
name: Biderooni, Bita Isanezhad
name: Ebrahimi, Peyman
name: Shabnam Khatami Moghadam
name: Azadi, Reza
name: Nasiraie, Leila Roozbeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90899 Food Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Over the past few years, anti-cancer properties, pharmaceutical and specific health effects of instant green tea attracted consumers' attention. This paper seeks to assess the antioxidant properties of cinnamon instant green tea dried using the spray drying method. Firstly, we prepared a liquid extract (1:10) from green tea and then, the obtained extract was dried using a spray dryer apparatus to produce instant tea. In the next stage, three different percentages of dried cinnamon extract powder were added to the manufactured instant tea in separate containers. In continuous, sensory properties, acidity, pH, total polyphenols content and antioxidant activity of obtained cinnamon instant tea were evaluated. Eventually, the results exhibited that adding cinnamon to instant tea powder significantly increased the amount of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Also, the acidity and pH of the tea extract and instant tea powder treatments had a significant difference, statistically (p< 0.05). However, the instant tea treatments containing 3 and 5% of cinnamon had no significant difference. Although when the cinnamon extract was added there was no significant difference, the sensory properties of flavored instant tea improved considerably.
กลยุทธ์การเข้าสู่ตลาดต่างประเทศของธุรกิจขายตรงในประเทศเวียดนาม
Creators: name: ศักดิ์ดา ศิริภัทรโสภณ
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2554
Subjects: การบริหารธุรกิจระหว่างประเทศ,กลยุทธ์การเข้าสู่ตลาด,ธุรกิจขายตรง

description: 3, 16, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
Energy-level pinning and the 0.7 spin state in one dimension: GaAs quantum wires studied using finite-bias spectroscopy
Creators: name: Graham, A. C.
name: Sawkey, D. L.
name: Pepper, M.
name: Simmons, M. Y.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of electron-electron interactions on the energy levels of GaAs quantum wires (QWs) using finite-bias spectroscopy. We probe the energy spectrum at zero magnetic field, and at crossings of opposite-spin-levels in high in-plane magnetic field B. Our results constitute direct evidence that spin-up (higher energy) levels pin to the chemical potential as they populate. We also show that spin-up and spin-down levels abruptly rearrange at the crossing in a manner resembling the magnetic phase transitions predicted to occur at crossings of Landau levels. This rearranging and pinning of subbands provides a phenomenological explanation for the 0.7 structure, a one-dimensional (1D) nanomagnetic state, and its high-B variants.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Shared Solar Cooperatives in Brazil: Context, Overcoming Barriers and Lessons to Be Drawn from Previous European Countries Experiences
Creators: name: Schneider, K.
name: Fink, J.
name: Japp, C.
name: Scheidt Manoel, P.
name: De Oliveira, M.O.M.
name: Ruther, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Finance, Markets and Policies
Policies and Scenarios for Renewables, Societal and Global Challenges

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1899-1905
description: Then integration of rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to individual households has increased manifold in recent years. Mainly in urban areas, a good portion of the population rent their houses or live in multifamily households, where it is not economically feasible to invest in a rooftop solar PV system, or where roofs are not adequate for PV integration. In this context, community solar has the potential to overcome those barriers by providing a way for all energy consumers to access solar photovoltaics. In Brazil, community solar projects became possible in late 2015, when shared distributed generation (DG) was regulated by the National Energy Agency ANEEL. This paper is focused on the cooperative model of community solar and it aims to present the context of shared solar cooperatives in Brazil, as well as the barriers and experiences experienced in Europe. Since in Brazil shared DG cooperatives are a very recent possibility in the decentralized energy generation market, there is a lack of information and understanding about this model. We present the current national context in a review format intending to shed some light to what is happening in Brazil and to contribute with the international discussion on this topic.
The Vision of Large Scale PV Manufacturing in Europe: A Dream or Chance for Execution?
Creators: name: Fath, P.
name: Bett, A.W.
name: Trube, J.
name: Herritsch, S.
name: Nold, S.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Jooss, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 290-293
description: The increased use of solar energy in Europe and Germany is essential if the climate goals of the Paris agreement are to be achieved. While the production equipment for solar modules is still manufactured in Germany, the production of cells has almost completely migrated to Asia. However, this process could now be reversed; the production of solar modules could take place in Europe again at competitive costs. According to the study commissioned by the VDMA, this would require a production capacity of at least 5 gigawatts (GW) per year. Today, solar power is one of the cheapest ways of providing energy internationally, especially due to the excellent research and development work in Europe. Prices for modules have fallen by half in the past three years and the usage of solar power is steadily increasing. In Europe alone, 11.5 GW of capacity was added last year. Experts predict an increase of another 24 GW of capacity for the EU next year. Considering the need for sector coupling, an annual increase of more than 100 GW is expected in Europe between 2025 and 2030, which is a significant market size
De las Gradas a las Calles. Los efectos de los grupos ultras en la sociedad
Creators: name: González, Epifanio Asián
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Ultras, Fútbol, Violencia, Política

description: El fútbol es un fenómeno de masas que provoca pasiones y decepciones en sus aficionados y en la sociedad en general. Un porcentaje muy alto de la población asiste cada fin de semana a alentar a sus respectivos equipos a los estadios de fútbol repartidos por todo el país. Pero no todo es felicidad y alegría en este espectáculo. Existe una cara desagradable y negativa que empaña la deportividad con la que se vive este deporte y en muchas ocasiones, lo que tiene que ser una fiesta se convierte en un infierno, o en lo que es peor, en una auténtica y literal guerra surgida por los enfrentamientos de los grupos ultras. Es aquí donde las administraciones e instituciones que están inmersas en este deporte, tienen que implementar medidas legislativas para minimizar y controlar a esta lacra que son las hinchadas radicales.
An analysis of the time-frequency structure of several bursts from FRB121102 detected with MeerKAT
Creators: name: Platts, E.
name: Caleb, M.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Main, R. A.
name: Weltman, A.
name: Shock, J. P.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Bezuidenhout, M. C.
name: Jankowski, F.
name: Morello, V.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Rajwade, K. M.
name: Rhodes, L.
name: Wu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the complex time-frequency structure of a sample of previously reported bursts of FRB 121102 detected with the MeerKAT telescope in September 2019. The wide contiguous bandwidth of these observations have revealed a complex bifurcating structure in some bursts at $1250$ MHz. When de-dispersed to their structure-optimised dispersion measures, two of the bursts show a clear deviation from the cold plasma dispersion relationship below $1250$ MHz. We find a differential dispersion measure of ${\sim}1{-}2$ pc cm$^{-3}$ between the lower and higher frequency regions of each burst. We investigate the possibility of plasma lensing by Gaussian lenses of ${\sim}10$ AU in the host galaxy, and demonstrate that they can qualitatively produce some of the observed burst morphologies. Other possible causes for the observed frequency dependence, such as Faraday delay, are also discussed. Unresolved sub-components in the bursts, however, may have led to an incorrect DM determination. We hence advise exercising caution when considering bursts in isolation. We analyse the presence of two apparent burst pairs. One of these pairs is a potential example of upward frequency drift. The possibility that burst pairs are echoes is also discussed. The average structure-optimised dispersion measure is found to be $563.5\pm 0.2 (\text{sys}) \pm 0.8 (\text{stat})$ pc cm$^{-3}$ $-$ consistent with the values reported in 2018. We use two independent methods to determine the structure-optimised dispersion measure of the bursts: the DM_phase algorithm and autocorrelation functions. The latter $-$ originally developed for pulsar analysis $-$ is applied to FRBs for the first time in this paper.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Modeling oxidative injury response in human kidney organoids
Creators: name: Przepiorski, Aneta
name: Vanichapol, Thitinee
name: Espiritu, Eugenel B.
name: Crunk, Amanda E.
name: Parasky, Emily
name: McDaniels, Michael D.
name: Emlet, Dave R.
name: Salisbury, Ryan
name: Happ, Cassandra L.
name: Vernetti, Lawrence A.
name: MacDonald, Matthew L.
name: Kellum, John A.
name: Kleyman, Thomas R.
name: Baty, Catherine J.
name: Davidson, Alan J.
name: Hukriede, Neil A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figures.
100% Renewable Energies - Management of about 50% PV Electricity for Switzerland
Creators: name: Muntwyler, U.
name: Schüpbach, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: Finance, Markets and Policies
Policies and Scenarios for Renewables, Societal and Global Challenges

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2000-2005
description: The Swiss Energy Strategy 2050 aims to phase out the five nuclear power plants in Switzerland by 2050 and plans to replace 20 TWh (of the total 60 TWh needed) with renewable energy and energy efficiency. If Switzerland aims to also replace all combustion engine cars running in Switzerland and all fossil fuel heating systems, another 20 TWh are needed. This totals to a 40 TWh of electricity that need replacing, which is more than 50% of the current electricity needs in Switzerland. Here, it is elaborated on how this massif amount of power from renewable energy into the grid can be managed with photovoltaics (PV) and in a cost-effective way in Switzerland.
Iran: Agricultural Production and Trade
Creators: name: Kurtzig, Michael E.
name: Kurtzig, Michael E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Iran
subject: crop and livestock production
subject: farm policy
subject: marketing
subject: farm inputs
subject: land reform
subject: trade
subject: oil

description: Iran's economy is growing rapidly, exceeding 14 percent in both 1971/72 and 1972/73. Increasing oil production dominates export revenue. Agriculture's share of GNP continues to decline but it still employs the largest share of the labor force. Agricultural exports comprise about 7 percent of total exports and consist mainly of cotton, fruits and nuts, and hides and skins. Major agricultural imports are cereals, especially wheat, fats and oils, sugar, tea, and dairy products. Wheat is the most important food grain. Production fluctuates substantially from year to year depending on the weather and Iran may be either self-sufficient or in need of imports. On occasion, wheat has even been exported. The growth of the livestock sector has been slow, due mainly to severe winters and lack of feed. The land reform program, begun in 1962, is now substantially completed and is expected to stimulate agricultural development. Expanded irrigation facilities and increased productivity are major goals of agricultural development. In addition, efforts are being made to improve Iran's marketing and distribution systems.
Performance Evaluation of Monitoring Algorithms for Photovoltaic Systems
Creators: name: Øgaard, M.B.
name: Skomedal, A.
name: Selj, J.H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2019
Subjects: PV Systems and Storage – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Operation, Performance and Maintenance of PV Systems

description: 36th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1632-1636
description: Monitoring solutions for commercial photovoltaic (PV) systems are becoming increasingly widespread, but often performs poorly, especially in locations with varying weather conditions. In this work two standard performance metrics commonly used in PV system monitoring, temperature corrected performance ratio and specific yield, have been calculated and evaluated for real-world conditions. The data is collected from eight inverters of 13-18 kWp each, installed at a commercial large-scale PV system in Norway. The results show that naïve use of the tested performance metrics give unreliable monitoring with high variation in the PV system performance estimation, often resulting in false alarms. Very low solar elevation and irradiance, snow and technical irregularities in the installation are the primary causes of false alarms in the monitoring. It is shown that for certain climates standard filtering approaches are not sufficient to solve these problems, and that site-specific filtering of data gives more stable monitoring output, entailing more data and less variation.
Additional file 1 of A qualitative study of how COVID-19 impacts on Australians’ hopes and dreams
Creators: name: Huang, Quincy F.
name: Rolf, Floraidh
name: Booker, Lauren A.
name: Moore, Taleah
name: Thompson, Sandra C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interview Guide_Attitudes and practices towards the COVID-19 pandemic.