cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
In-flight radiometric calibration of the ExoMars TGO Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System
Creators: name: Pommerol, Antoine
name: Thomas, Nicolas
name: Almeida, Miguel
name: Read, Mattew
name: Becerra, Patricio
name: Cesar, Camila
name: Valantinas, Adomas
name: Simioni, Emanuele
name: McEwen, Alfred S.
name: Perry, Jason
name: Marriner, Charlotte
name: Munaretto, Giovanni
name: Pajola, Maurizio
name: Tornabene, Livio L.
name: Mège, Daniel
name: Da Deppo, Vania
name: Re, Cristina
name: Cremonese, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Colour and Stereo Surface Science Imaging System (CaSSIS) of the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter returns on average twenty images per day of the Martian surface, most of them in 3 or 4 colours and some of them in stereo. CaSSIS uses a push-frame approach to acquire colour images, with four bandpass filters deposited directly above the sensor and an imaging cadence synchronized with the ground track velocity to cover the imaged area with tens of small, partially overlapping images. These "framelets" are later map-projected and mosaicked to build the final image. This approach offers both advantages and challenges in terms of radiometric calibration. While the collection of dark and flatfield frames is considerably enhanced by the frequent and fast acquisition of tens of successive images, mosaics assembled from the adjacent framelets highlight the straylight and changes in the bias of the detector. Both issues have been identified on CaSSIS images, with low intensities overall (up to a few percents), but sufficient to generate prominent artefacts on the final assembled colour images. We have therefore developed methods to correct these artefacts that are now included into the radiometric calibration pipeline. We detail here the different steps of the calibration procedure and the generation of the products used for calibration, and discuss the efficacy of the corrections. The relative uncertainties on the bias and flatfield frames are low, of the order of 0.2 and 0.1 percents, respectively. The uncertainty on the absolute radiometric calibration is of 3 percents, which is quite low for such an instrument. The straylight adds an estimated about 1 percent error to the absolute calibration. The residuals after corrections of the straylight and bias offsets are of the order of a few DNs to tens of DNs.
A Fake Instability in String Inflation
Creators: name: Cicoli, Michele
name: Guidetti, Veronica
name: Muia, Francesco
name: Pedro, Francisco G.
name: Vacca, Gian Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In type IIB Fibre Inflation models the inflaton is a Kaehler modulus which is kinetically coupled to the corresponding axion. In this setup the curvature of the field space induces tachyonic isocurvature perturbations normal to the background inflationary trajectory. However we argue that the associated instability is unphysical since it is due to the use of ill-defined entropy variables. In fact, upon using the correct relative entropy perturbation, we show that in Fibre Inflation axionic isocurvature perturbations decay during inflation and the dynamics is essentially single-field.
description: 5 pages + references, 3 figures
Simulation study of particle identification using cluster counting technique for the BESIII drift chamber
Creators: name: Xin, Shuiting
name: Zhao, Guang
name: Wu, Linghui
name: Dong, Mingyi
name: Li, Gang
name: Sun, Shengsen
name: Lou, Xinchou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The particle identification of charged hadrons, especially for the separation of $K$ and $π$, is crucial for the flavour physics study. Ionization measurement with the cluster counting technique, which has much less fluctuation than traditional $dE/dx$ measurement, is expected to provide better particle identification for the BESIII experiment. Simulation studies, including a Garfield++ based waveform analysis and a performance study of K/πidentification in the BESIII, offline software system have been performed. The results show that $K/π$ separation power and PID efficiency would be improved significantly in the momentum range above 1.2 GeV/c using cluster counting technique even with conservative resolution assumption.
description: 9 pages,7 figures
Archival Legacy Investigations of Circumstellar Environments: Overview and First Results
Creators: name: Choquet, Élodie
name: Pueyo, Laurent
name: Hagan, J. Brendan
name: Gofas-Salas, Elena
name: Rajan, Abhijith
name: Chen, Christine
name: Perrin, Marshall D.
name: Debes, John
name: Golimowski, David
name: Hines, Dean C.
name: N'Diaye, Mamadou
name: Schneider, Glenn
name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Marois, Christian
name: Soummer, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are currently conducting a comprehensive and consistent re-processing of archival HST-NICMOS coronagraphic surveys using advanced PSF subtraction methods, entitled the Archival Legacy Investigations of Circumstellar Environments program (ALICE, HST/AR 12652). This virtual campaign of about 400 targets has already produced numerous new detections of previously unidentified point sources and circumstellar structures. We present five newly spatially resolved debris disks revealed in scattered light by our analysis of the archival data. These images provide new views of material around young solar-type stars at ages corresponding to the period of terrestrial planet formation in our solar system. We have also detected several new candidate substellar companions, for which there are ongoing followup campaigns (HST/WFC3 and VLT/SINFONI in ADI mode). Since the methods developed as part of ALICE are directly applicable to future missions (JWST, AFTA coronagraph) we emphasize the importance of devising optimal PSF subtraction methods for upcoming coronagraphic imaging missions. We describe efforts in defining direct imaging high-level science products (HLSP) standards that can be applicable to other coronagraphic campaigns, including ground-based (e.g., Gemini Planet Imager), and future space instruments (e.g., JWST). ALICE will deliver a first release of HLSPs to the community through the MAST archive at STScI in 2014.
description: Proceedings of the SPIE, 9143-199. 17 pages, 11 figures
Higher-dimensional Jordan-Wigner Transformation and Auxiliary Majorana Fermions
Creators: name: Li, Kangle
name: Po, Hoi Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a scheme for performing Jordan-Wigner transformation for various lattice fermion systems in two and three dimensions which keeps internal and spatial symmetries manifest. The correspondence between fermionic and bosonic operators is established with the help of auxiliary Majorana fermions. The current construction is applicable to general lattices with even coordination number and an arbitrary number of fermion flavors. The approach is demonstrated on the single-orbital square, triangular and cubic lattices for spin-1/2 fermions. We also discuss the relation to some quantum spin liquid models.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures; modify the appendix A
Corrections to Hawking Radiation from Asteroid Mass Primordial Black Holes: I. Formalism of Dissipative Interactions in Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Silva, Makana
name: Vasquez, Gabriel
name: Koivu, Emily
name: Das, Arijit
name: Hirata, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes (PBHs) within the mass range $10^{17} - 10^{22}$ g are a favorable candidate for describing the all of the dark matter content. Towards the lower end of this mass range, the Hawking temperature, $T_{\rm H}$, of these PBHs is $T_{\rm H} \gtrsim 100$ keV, allowing for the creation of electron -- positron pairs; thus making their Hawking radiation a useful constraint for most current and future MeV surveys. This motivates the need for realistic and rigorous accounts of the distribution and dynamics of emitted particles from Hawking radiation in order to properly model detected signals from high energy observations. This is the first in a series of papers to account for the $\mathcal{O}(α)$ correction to the Hawking radiation spectrum. We begin by the usual canonical quantization of the photon and spinor (electron/positron) fields on the Schwarzschild geometry. Then we compute the correction to the rate of emission by standard time dependent perturbation theory from the interaction Hamiltonian. We conclude with the analytic expression for the dissipative correction, i.e. corrections due to the creation and annihilation of electron/positrons in the plasma.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (121)]
Creators: name: Sigismondo
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1448
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta wendet sich an die Stadtoberen von Florenz, beklagt die schlechte Behandlung seitens der Venezianer und thematisiert die Rückgabe einer Festung namens Talachio an ihn.
QAScore -- An Unsupervised Unreferenced Metric for the Question Generation Evaluation
Creators: name: Ji, Tianbo
name: Lyu, Chenyang
name: Jones, Gareth
name: Zhou, Liting
name: Graham, Yvette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Question Generation (QG) aims to automate the task of composing questions for a passage with a set of chosen answers found within the passage. In recent years, the introduction of neural generation models has resulted in substantial improvements of automatically generated questions in terms of quality, especially compared to traditional approaches that employ manually crafted heuristics. However, the metrics commonly applied in QG evaluations have been criticized for their low agreement with human judgement. We therefore propose a new reference-free evaluation metric that has the potential to provide a better mechanism for evaluating QG systems, called QAScore. Instead of fine-tuning a language model to maximize its correlation with human judgements, QAScore evaluates a question by computing the cross entropy according to the probability that the language model can correctly generate the masked words in the answer to that question. Furthermore, we conduct a new crowd-sourcing human evaluation experiment for the QG evaluation to investigate how QAScore and other metrics can correlate with human judgements. Experiments show that QAScore obtains a stronger correlation with the results of our proposed human evaluation method compared to existing traditional word-overlap-based metrics such as BLEU and ROUGE, as well as the existing pretrained-model-based metric BERTScore.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables
Pauli channels can be estimated from syndrome measurements in quantum error correction
Creators: name: Wagner, Thomas
name: Kampermann, Hermann
name: Bruß, Dagmar
name: Kliesch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of quantum error correction can be significantly improved if detailed information about the noise is available, allowing to optimize both codes and decoders. It has been proposed to estimate error rates from the syndrome measurements done anyway during quantum error correction. While these measurements preserve the encoded quantum state, it is currently not clear how much information about the noise can be extracted in this way. So far, apart from the limit of vanishing error rates, rigorous results have only been established for some specific codes. In this work, we rigorously resolve the question for arbitrary stabilizer codes. The main result is that a stabilizer code can be used to estimate Pauli channels with correlations across a number of qubits given by the pure distance. This result does not rely on the limit of vanishing error rates, and applies even if high weight errors occur frequently. Moreover, it also allows for measurement errors within the framework of quantum data-syndrome codes. Our proof combines Boolean Fourier analysis, combinatorics and elementary algebraic geometry. It is our hope that this work opens up interesting applications, such as the online adaptation of a decoder to time-varying noise.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure; Version 2: Updated with journal (Quantum) version, including a new example
Parity-doublet bands in the odd-\bm{$A$} isotones \element{237}U and \element{239}Pu by a particle-number-conserving method based on the cranked shell model
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: He, Xiao-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the reflection-asymmetric Nilsson potential, the parity-doublet rotational bands in odd-$A$ isotones \element{237}U and \element{239}Pu have been investigated by using the particle-number-conserving (PNC) method in the framework of the cranked shell model (CSM). The experimental kinematic moments of inertia (MOIs) and angular momentum alignments are reproduced very well by the PNC-CSM calculations. The significant differences of rotational properties between \element{237}U and \element{239}Pu are explained with the contribution of nucleons occupying proton octupole-correlation pairs of $π^{2} i_{13/2}f_{7/2}$. The upbendings of moments of inertia of the parity-doublet bands in \element{237}U are due to the interference terms of alignments of protons occupying $πf_{7/2}$ (${1/2}$) and the high-$j$ intruder $πi_{13/2}$ $(1/2, 3/2)$ orbitals. The splittings between the simplex partner bands of the parity-doublet bands in both \element{237}U and \element{239}Pu result from the contribution of alignment of neutron occupying the $νd_{5/2}$ ($1/2$) orbital.
Mixed messages: modulation of inflammation and immune responses by prostaglandins and thromboxanes
Creators: name: Coffman, Thomas M.
name: Koller, Beverly H.
name: Tilley, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Virtually every organism has evolved mechanisms by which, upon stimulation, lipids are released from plasma membranes and metabolized into mediators capable of changing cellular physiology. As these lipids are present at the first site exposed to external challenge, they provide an ideal substrate for the synthesis of defensive mediators and homeostatic regulators. One such group of lipid mediators is the prostanoids, including the prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxanes (TXs).
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (43)]
Creators: name: Bertolinus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1418
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Bertolinus de Bechaliis, praepositus des Augustinerklosters und der Kirche St. Cataldi in Suburbiis in Cremona, übergibt dem Antonius, Abt des Klosters Omnium Sanctorum, gelegen außerhalb der Stadtmauern Cremonas, und von Papst Martin V. eingesetzter Vollstrecker des folgenden Rechtsakts, die inserierte Bulle des Papstes vom 17. Februar 1418, gemäß welcher Antonius den Bertolinus in die Präpositur von St. Cataldi einsetzen soll.
LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL FEATURES OF THE CONCEPT OF SPACE/MÀKÀN IN ENGLISH AND KARAKALPAK LANGUAGES
Creators: name: Palimbetova, Dilbar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article examines the linguistic and cultural features of the concept of space in English and Karakalpak languages. The grammatical and lexical means of expressing spatial relations, as well as the influence of culture on the perception of space, are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the metaphorical use of spatial terms and the differences in the worldview of speakers of these languages.
p47phox is required for atherosclerotic lesion progression in ApoE–/– mice
Creators: name: Holland, Stephen M.
name: Yeh, Edward T.H.
name: Runge, Marschall S.
name: Barry-Lane, Patricia A.
name: Hu, Zhaoyong
name: van der Merwe, Marié
name: Patterson, Cam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: NADPH oxidase is upregulated in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in response to growth factor stimulation, concomitant with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We investigated the role of ROS production by NADPH oxidase in SMC responses to growth factors and in atherosclerotic lesion formation in ApoE–/– mice. SMCs from wild-type, p47phox–/–, and gp91phox–/– mice differed markedly with respect to growth factor responsiveness and ROS generation. p47phox–/– SMCs had diminished superoxide production and a decreased proliferative response to growth factors compared with wild-type cells, whereas the response of gp91phox–/– SMCs was indistinguishable from that of wild-type SMCs. The relevance of these in vitro observations was tested by measuring atherosclerotic lesion formation in genetically modified (wild-type, p47phox–/–, ApoE–/–, and ApoE–/–/p47phox–/–) mice. ApoE–/–/p47phox–/– mice had less total lesion area than ApoE–/– mice, regardless of whether mice were fed standard chow or a high-fat diet. Together, these studies provide convincing support for the hypothesis that superoxide generation in general, and NADPH oxidase in particular, have a requisite role in atherosclerotic lesion formation, and they provide a rationale for further studies to dissect the contributions of ROS to vascular lesion formation.
NIR Spectroscopy of the HAeBe Star HD 100546: III. Further Evidence of an Orbiting Companion?
Creators: name: Brittain, Sean D.
name: Carr, John S.
name: Najita, Joan R.
name: Quanz, Sascha P.
name: Meyer, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high resolution NIR spectroscopy of CO and OH emission from the Herbig Be star HD100546. We discuss how our results bear striking resemblance to several theoretically predicted signposts of giant planet formation. The properties of the CO and OH emission lines are consistent with our earlier interpretation that these diagnostics provide indirect evidence for a companion that orbits the star close to the disk wall (at ~13au). The asymmetry of the OH spectral line profiles and their lack of time variability are consistent with emission from gas in an eccentric orbit at the disk wall that is approximately stationary in the inertial frame. The time variable spectroastrometric properties of the CO v=1-0 emission line point to an orbiting source of CO emission with an emitting area similar to that expected for a circumplanetary disk (~0.1au^2) assuming the CO emission is optically thick. We also consider a counterhypothesis to this interpretation, namely that the variable CO emission arises from a bright spot on the disk wall. We conclude with a brief suggestion of further work that can distinguish between these scenarios.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Globular Cluster UVIT legacy Survey (GlobUleS) III. Omega Centauri in Far-Ultraviolet
Creators: name: Prabhu, Deepthi S.
name: Subramaniam, Annapurni
name: Sahu, Snehalata
name: Chung, Chul
name: Leigh, Nathan W. C.
name: Dalessandro, Emanuele
name: Chatterjee, Sourav
name: Rao, N. Kameswara
name: Shara, Michael
name: Cote, Patrick
name: Choudhury, Samyaday
name: Pandey, Gajendra
name: Valcarce, Aldo A. R.
name: Singh, Gaurav
name: Postma, Joesph E.
name: Rani, Sharmila
name: Bandyopadhyay, Avrajit
name: Geller, Aaron M.
name: Hutchings, John
name: Puzia, Thomas
name: Simunovic, Mirko
name: Sohn, Young-Jong
name: Thirupathi, Sivarani
name: Yadav, Ramakant Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first comprehensive study of the most massive globular cluster Omega Centauri in the far-ultraviolet (FUV) extending from the center to ~ 28% of the tidal radius using the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope aboard AstroSat. A comparison of the FUV-optical color-magnitude diagrams with available canonical models reveals that the horizontal branch (HB) stars bluer than the knee (hHBs) and the white dwarfs (WDs) are fainter in the FUV by ~ 0.5 mag than model predictions. They are also fainter than their counterparts in M13, another massive cluster. We simulated HB with at least five subpopulations, including three He-rich populations with a substantial He enrichment of Y up to 0.43 dex, to reproduce the observed FUV distribution. We find the He-rich younger subpopulations to be radially more segregated than the He-normal older ones, suggesting an in-situ enrichment from older generations. The Omega Cen hHBs span the same effective temperature range as their M13 counterparts, but some have smaller radii and lower luminosities. This may suggest that a fraction of Omega Cen hHBs are less massive than those of M13, similar to the result derived from earlier spectroscopic studies of outer extreme HB stars. The WDs in Omega Cen and M13 have similar luminosity-radius-effective temperature parameters, and 0.44 - 0.46 M$_\odot$ He-core WD model tracks evolving from progenitors with Y = 0.4 dex are found to fit the majority of these. This study provides constraints on the formation models of Omega Cen based on the estimated range in age, [Fe/H] and Y (in particular), for the HB stars.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL; 13 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Use of Machine Learning for gamma/hadron separation with HAWC
Creators: name: Capistrán, T.
name: Fan, K. L.
name: Linnemann, J. T.
name: Torres, I.
name: Parkinson, P. M. Saz
name: Yu, P. L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background showers triggered by hadrons represent over 99.9% of all particles arriving at ground-based gamma-ray observatories. An important stage in the data analysis of these observatories, therefore, is the removal of hadron-triggered showers. Currently, the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) gamma-ray observatory employs an algorithm based on a single cut in two variables, unlike other ground-based gamma-ray observatories (e.g. H.E.S.S., VERITAS), which employ a large number of variables to separate the primary particles. In this work, we explore machine learning techniques (Boosted Decision Trees and Neural Networks) to identify the primary particles detected by HAWC. Our new gamma/hadron separation techniques were tested on data from the Crab nebula, the standard reference in Very High Energy astronomy, showing an improvement compared to the standard HAWC background rejection method.
description: Presented at the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2021), Berlin, Germany - Online
Nodal discontinuous Galerkin methods for fractional diffusion equations on 2D domain with triangular meshes
Creators: name: Qiu, Liangliang
name: Deng, Weihua
name: Hesthaven, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper, as the sequel to previous work, develops numerical schemes for fractional diffusion equations on a two-dimensional finite domain with triangular meshes. We adopt the nodal discontinuous Galerkin methods for the full spatial discretization by the use of high-order nodal basis, employing multivariate Lagrange polynomials defined on the triangles. Stability analysis and error estimates are provided, which shows that if polynomials of degree $N$ are used, the methods are (N+1)-th order accurate for general triangulations. Finally, the performed numerical experiments confirm the optimal order of convergence.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (122)]
Creators: name: Magister, Antonius
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1449
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Antonius Magister, Sohn des verstorbenen Guillelmus Magister, seinerseits genannt Gallus, verpachtet dem Filipinus Manghabaffa, Sohn des verstorbenen Ardicinus Magister, seinerseits genannt Moius, ein Stück Land, gelegen auf dem Gebiet von Suno an einem Ort, genannt Uanescha.
Density profiles near nuclear surface of $^{44,52}$Ti: An indication of $α$ clustering
Creators: name: Horiuchi, W.
name: Itagaki, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the degree of $α$ ($^4$He nucleus) clustering in the ground-state density profiles of $^{44}$Ti and $^{52}$Ti. Two types of density distributions, shell- and cluster-model configurations, are generated fully microscopically with the antisymmetrized quasi-cluster model, which can describe both the j-j coupling shell and $α$-cluster configurations in a single scheme. Despite both the models reproducing measured charge radius data, we found that the $α$ clustering significantly diffuses the density profiles near the nuclear surface compared to the ideal j-j coupling shell model configuration. The effect is most significant for $^{44}$Ti, while it is less for $^{52}$Ti due to the occupation of the $0f_{7/2}$ orbits in the $^{48}$Ca core. This difference can be detected by measuring proton-nucleus elastic scattering or the total reaction cross section on a carbon target at intermediate energies.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Pressure-independent enhancement of cardiac hypertrophy in natriuretic peptide receptor A–deficient mice
Creators: name: Fox, Jennifer E.
name: Hagaman, John R.
name: Smithies, Oliver
name: Rockman, Howard A.
name: Knowles, Joshua W.
name: Esposito, Giovanni
name: Maeda, Nobuyo
name: Mao, Lan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Mice lacking natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA) have marked cardiac hypertrophy and chamber dilatation disproportionate to their increased blood pressure (BP), suggesting, in support of previous in vitro data, that the NPRA system moderates the cardiac response to hypertrophic stimuli. Here, we have followed the changes in cardiac function in response to altered mechanical load on the heart of NPRA-null mice (Npr1–/–). Chronic treatment with either enalapril, furosemide, hydralazine, or losartan were all effective in reducing and maintaining BP at normal levels without affecting heart weight/body weight. In the reverse direction, we used transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to induce pressure overload. In the Npr1–/– mice, TAC resulted in a 15-fold increase in atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) expression, a 55% increase in left ventricular weight/body weight (LV/BW), dilatation of the LV, and significant decline in cardiac function. In contrast, banded Npr1+/+ mice showed only a threefold increase in ANP expression, an 11% increase in LV/BW, a 0.2 mm decrease in LV end diastolic dimension, and no change in fractional shortening. The activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases that occurs in response to TAC did not differ in the Npr1+/+ and Npr1–/– mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the NPRA system has direct antihypertrophic actions in the heart, independent of its role in BP control.
The Trilinear Higgs Self-Couplings at ${\cal O}(α_t^2)$ in the CP-Violating NMSSM
Creators: name: Borschensky, Christoph
name: Dao, Thi Nhung
name: Gabelmann, Martin
name: Mühlleitner, Margarete
name: Rzehak, Heidi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In supersymmetric theories the Higgs boson masses are derived quantities where higher-order corrections have to be included in order to match the measured Higgs mass value at the precision of current experiments. Closely related through the Higgs potential are the Higgs self-interactions. In addition, the measurement of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling provides the first step towards the reconstruction of the Higgs potential and the experimental verification of the Higgs mechanism sui generis. In this paper, we advance our prediction of the trilinear Higgs self-couplings in the CP-violating Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the SM (NMSSM). We provide the ${\cal O}(α_t^2)$ corrections in the gaugeless limit at vanishing external momenta. The higher-order corrections turn out to be larger than the corresponding mass corrections but show the expected perturbative convergence. The inclusion of the loop-corrected effective trilinear Higgs self-coupling in gluon fusion into Higgs pairs and the estimate of the theoretical uncertainty due to missing higher-order corrections indicate that the missing electroweak higher-order corrections may be significant.
Relaxation of regularity for the Westervelt equation by nonlinear damping with application in acoustic-acoustic and elastic-acoustic coupling
Creators: name: Brunnhuber, Rainer
name: Kaltenbacher, Barbara
name: Radu, Petronela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 35L05, Secondary: 35L20

description: In this paper we show local (and partially global) in time existence for the Westervelt equation with several versions of nonlinear damping. This enables us to prove well-posedness with spatially varying $L_\infty$-coefficients, which includes the situation of interface coupling between linear and nonlinear acoustics as well as between linear elasticity and nonlinear acoustics, as relevant, e.g., in high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) applications.
Formalism for stochastic perturbations and analysis in relativistic stars
Creators: name: Satin, Seema
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbed Einstein's equations with a linear response relation and a stochastic source, applicable to a relativistic star model are worked out . These perturbations which are stochastic in nature, are of significance for building a non-equilibrium statistical theory in connections with relativistic astrophysics. A fluctuation dissipation relation for a spherically symmetric star in its simplest form is obtained. The FD relation shows how the random velocity fluctuations in the background of the unperturbed star can dissipate into Lagrangian displacement of fluid trajectories of the dense matter. Interestingly in a simple way, a constant (in time) coefficient of dissipation is obtained without a delta correlated noise. This formalism is also extended for perturbed TOV equations which have a stochastic contribution, and show up in terms of the effective or root mean square pressure perturbations. Such contributions can shed light on new ways of analysing the equation of state for dense matter. One may obtain contributions of first and second order in the equation of state using this stochastic approach.
SiPM module for the ACME III electron EDM search
Creators: name: Hiramoto, A.
name: Masuda, T.
name: Ang, D. G.
name: Meisenhelder, C.
name: Panda, C.
name: Sasao, N.
name: Uetake, S.
name: Wu, X.
name: Demille, D.
name: Doyle, J. M.
name: Gabrielse, G.
name: Yoshimura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This report shows the design and the performance of a large area Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) module developed detection of fluorescent light emitted from a 10 cm scale volume. The module was optimized for the planned ACME III electron electric dipole moment (eEDM) search, which will be a powerful probe for the existence of physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The ACME experiment searched for the eEDM with the world's highest sensitivity using cold ThO polar molecules (ACME II). In ACME III, SiPMs will be used for detection of fluorescent photons (the fundamental signal of the experiment) instead of PMTs, which were used in the previous measurement. We have developed an optimized SiPM module, based on a 16-channel SiPM array. Key operational parameters are characterized, including gain and noise. The SiPM dark count rate, background light sensitivity, and optical crosstalk are found to all be well suppressed and more than sufficient for the ACME III application.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, proceedings for NDIP20
Community Building for Research Data Repositories in Helmholtz
Creators: name: Weisweiler, Nina Leonie
name: Curdt, Constanze
name: Bertelmann, Roland
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: research data repositories
metadata
Helmholtz Association
standards
infrastructures
community building

description: The Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration (HMC) and the Helmholtz Open Science Office have launched a joint initiative at the end of 2022 to strengthen and connect research data repositories in the Helmholtz Association, and to increase their visibility in the international research landscape. Research data repositories form central hubs for metadata on the Road to FAIR: They generate, consolidate and maintain metadata, thus ensuring that valuable data generated in the course of research projects can be systematically reused over the long term.
The Helmholtz Open Science Office has been involved in re3data, the "Registry of Research Data Repositories", for over 10 years. The multi-disciplinary registry indexes repositories for searching and publishing research data and is the most comprehensive directory of research data repositories worldwide. Currently, about 100 repositories listed in re3data can be assigned to Helmholtz Centers.
Based on the information in re3data and in close collaboration with the domain-specific HMC metadata hubs, the joint initiative will map the research data repositories in Helmholtz and aim to build a networked community to further develop these infrastructures in Helmholtz, also taking into account a successful implementation of the FAIR principles.
The initiative makes use of existing synergies by linking the activities of re3data, HMC and the Helmholtz Open Science Office in a meaningful way. The results achieved will be systematically documented to support HMC, the Working Group Open Science, and other bodies in Helmholtz in practical and strategic activities in the field of research data infrastructures.
Improved local truncation schemes for the higher-order tensor renormalization group method
Creators: name: Bloch, Jacques
name: Lohmayer, Robert
name: Meister, Maximilian
name: Nunhofer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The higher-order tensor renormalization group is a tensor-network method providing estimates for the partition function and thermodynamical observables of classical and quantum systems in thermal equilibrium. At every step of the iterative blocking procedure, the coarse-grid tensor is truncated to keep the tensor dimension under control. For a consistent tensor blocking procedure, it is crucial that the forward and backward tensor modes are projected on the same lower dimensional subspaces. In this paper we present two methods, the SuperQ and the iterative SuperQ method, to construct tensor truncations that reduce or even minimize the local approximation errors, while satisfying this constraint.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Nucl. Phys. B
Crystal dislocations with different orientations and collisions
Creators: name: Patrizi, Stefania
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a parabolic differential equation whose solution represents the atom dislocation in a crystal for a general type of Peierls-Nabarro model with possibly long range interactions and an external stress. Differently from the previous literature, we treat here the case in which such dislocation is not the superpositions of transitions all occurring with the same orientations (i.e. opposite orientations are allowed as well).
Receptors for prostaglandin E2 that regulate cellular immune responses in the mouse
Creators: name: Tilley, Stephen L.
name: Coffman, Thomas M.
name: Koller, Beverly H.
name: Nguyen, MyTrang
name: Thomas, Dennis W.
name: Nataraj, Chandra
name: Mannon, Roslyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is enhanced during inflammation, and this lipid mediator can dramatically modulate immune responses. There are four receptors for PGE2 (EP1–EP4) with unique patterns of expression and different coupling to intracellular signaling pathways. To identify the EP receptors that regulate cellular immune responses, we used mouse lines in which the genes encoding each of the four EP receptors were disrupted by gene targeting. Using the mixed lymphocyte response (MLR) as a model cellular immune response, we confirmed that PGE2 has potent antiproliferative effects on wild-type responder cells. The absence of either the EP1 or EP3 receptors did not alter the inhibitory response to PGE2 in the MLR. In contrast, when responder cells lacked the EP2 receptor, PGE2 had little effect on proliferation. Modest resistance to PGE2 was also observed in EP4–/– responder cells. Reconstitution experiments suggest that EP2 receptors primarily inhibit the MLR through direct actions on T cells. Furthermore, PGE2 modulates macrophage function by activating the EP4 receptor and thereby inhibiting cytokine release. Thus, PGE2 regulates cellular immune responses through distinct EP receptors on different immune cell populations: EP2 receptors directly inhibit T cell proliferation while EP2 and EP4 receptors regulate antigen presenting cells functions.
S+-+d Wave Multiband Eliashberg Theory For The Iron Pnictides
Creators: name: Ummarino, G. A.
name: Torsello, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the critical temperature in the framework of s+-+d-wave multiband Eliashberg theory. We have solved these equations numerically to see at what values of the input parameters there is a solution with a non-zero critical temperature and what is the symmetry of the order parameter of this solution. For our model we consider the pnictide case with simplifications that allow us to obtain the most general possible information. For selected and representative cases in which the order parameter has s+-+d symmetry, we calculated the superconducting density of states, the temperature dependence of the gaps, and the superfluid density so that comparison with experimental data can be made. Finally, we show that such a system has only a twofold in-plane symmetry and undergoes a transition from nodal to fully gapped with increasing temperature.
description: 8 Figures, accepted on Physica C
Monitoring the radio galaxy M87 with HAWC
Creators: name: Capistrán, T.
name: Rojas, D. Avila
name: González, M. M.
name: Fraija, N.
name: Alfaro, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of radio galaxies at TeV energies are fascinating because their jets are misaligned concerning our sightline. Thus, it provides us with a unique opportunity to study the structure of their jets, the radiative processes, and the acceleration mechanisms involved in them. In addition, some radio galaxies have presented variability in their emission, like the giant radio galaxy M87, which has reported several activity periods. Due to its duty cycle >95% and instantaneous field of view of 2 sr, HAWC provides daily monitoring of variable sources visible from the Northern Hemisphere. In this work, we show the results of monitoring M87 between January 2015 and December 2018. HAWC's observations are consistent with the low activity state reported by other instruments (like H.E.S.S and MAGIC). However, after September 2017 (~MJD 58000), the HAWC measurements of M87 show hints of higher activity.
description: Presented at the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2021), Berlin, Germany - Online
The prostaglandin E2 EP1 receptor mediates pain perception and regulates blood pressure
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Kana
name: Burkhardt, John
name: Flannery, Patrick J.
name: Roach, Marsha
name: Coffman, Thomas M.
name: Audoly, Laurent P.
name: Ishikawa, Toshihisa
name: Shinjo, Katsuhiro
name: Kim, Hyung-Suk
name: McNeish, John D.
name: Stock, Jeffrey L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: The lipid mediator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has diverse biological activity in a variety of tissues. Four different receptor subtypes (EP1–4) mediate these wide-ranging effects. The EP-receptor subtypes differ in tissue distribution, ligand-binding affinity, and coupling to intracellular signaling pathways. To identify the physiological roles for one of these receptors, the EP1 receptor, we generated EP1-deficient (EP1–/–) mice using homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells derived from the DBA/1lacJ strain of mice. The EP1–/– mice are healthy and fertile, without any overt physical defects. However, their pain-sensitivity responses, tested in two acute prostaglandin-dependent models, were reduced by approximately 50%. This reduction in the perception of pain was virtually identical to that achieved through pharmacological inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis in wild-type mice using a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. In addition, systolic blood pressure is significantly reduced in EP1 receptor–deficient mice and accompanied by increased renin-angiotensin activity, especially in males, suggesting a role for this receptor in cardiovascular homeostasis. Thus, the EP1 receptor for PGE2 plays a direct role in mediating algesia and in regulation of blood pressure.
Scalar overproduction in standard cosmology and predictivity of non-thermal dark matter
Creators: name: Lebedev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stable scalars can be copiously produced in the Early Universe even if they have no coupling to other fields. We study production of such scalars during and after (high scale) inflation, and obtain strong constraints on their mass scale. Quantum gravity-induced Planck-suppressed operators make an important impact on the abundance of dark relics. Unless the corresponding Wilson coefficients are very small, they normally lead to overproduction of dark states. In the absence of a quantum gravity theory, such effects are uncontrollable, bringing into question predictivity of many non-thermal dark matter models. These considerations may have non-trivial implications for string theory constructions, where scalar fields are abundant.
description: 22 pages
On the metrizability of $m$-Kropina spaces with closed null 1-form
Creators: name: Heefer, Sjors
name: Pfeifer, Christian
name: van Voorthuizen, Jorn
name: Fuster, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the local metrizability of Finsler spaces with $m$-Kropina metric $F = α^{1+m}β^{-m}$, where $β$ is a closed null 1-form. We show that such a space is of Berwald type if and only if the (pseudo-)Riemannian metric $α$ and 1-form $β$ have a very specific form in certain coordinates. In particular, when the signature of $α$ is Lorentzian, $α$ belongs to a certain subclass of the Kundt class and $β$ generates the corresponding null congruence, and this generalizes in a natural way to arbitrary signature. We use this result to prove that the affine connection on such an $m$-Kropina space is locally metrizable by a (pseudo-)Riemannian metric if and only if the Ricci tensor constructed form the affine connection is symmetric. In particular we construct all counterexamples of this type to Szabo's metrization theorem, which has only been proven for positive definite Finsler metrics that are regular on all of the slit tangent bundle.
Cross-loop propagation of a quasi-periodic extreme-ultraviolet wave train triggered by successive stretching of magnetic field structures during a solar eruption
Creators: name: Sun, Zheng
name: Tian, Hui
name: Chen, P. F.
name: Yao, Shuo
name: Hou, Zhenyong
name: Chen, Hechao
name: Chen, Linjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) waves generally refer to large-scale disturbances propagating outward from sites of solar eruptions in EUV imaging observations. Using the recent observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), we report a quasi-periodic wave train propagating outward at an average speed of $\sim$308 km s$^{-1}$. At least five wavefronts can be clearly identified with the period being $\sim$120 s. These wavefronts originate from the coronal loop expansion, which propagates with an apparent speed of $\sim$95 km s$^{-1}$, about 3 times slower than the wave train. In the absence of a strong lateral expansion, these observational results might be explained by the theoretical model of Chen et al. (2002), which predicted that EUV waves may have two components: a faster component that is a fast-mode magnetoacoustic wave or shock wave and a slower apparent front formed as a result of successive stretching of closed magnetic field lines. In this scenario, the wave train and the successive loop expansion we observed likely correspond to the fast and slow components in the model, respectively.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures