cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetic field affects stellar limb darkening
Creators: name: Kostogryz, Nadiia
name: Shapiro, Aleksandr
name: Witzke, Veronika
name: Cameron, Robert
name: Gizon, Laurent
name: Krivova, Natalie
name: Maxted, Pierre F. L.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Solanki, Sami K.
name: Valenti, Jeff
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Transit light curves are affected by host star darkening towards the limb, impacting transit profile and depth. Thus, accurate determination of planetary radii and atmospheric composition requires solving the problem of limb darkening for stars with different parameters. However, there is a conundrum: multiple observations show significantly brighter stellar limbs as compared to all available stellar models. We propose that neglecting surface stellar magnetic fields is the main issue in models of the limb darkening. Magnetic fields form within stars and emerge on their surface. Here, we focus on small-scale concentrations of surface magnetic field that create a rather uniform network on stellar surface. We simulated it using 3D radiative magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) code MURaM and radiative transfer code MPS-ATLAS. We found that including this network in our simulations allows reproducing stellar limb darkening deduced from the observations of Kepler and TESS transits, thus reconciling models and observations. The dependence of limb darkening on stellar surface magnetic field offers a fascinating prospect for measuring magnetization of stars with transiting planets. This method is especially promising since it is sensitive to small-scale fields, which in the exemplary case of the Sun play a crucial role in the total magnetic flux, and, thus, are important for comprehending stellar dynamo and star-planet interaction. All in all, the limb darkening approach presents an intriguing possibility to measure stellar magnetic fields using the upcoming PLATO mission, which is projected to discover numerous transiting planets.
Fidelity as a figure of merit in quantum error correction
Creators: name: Almlöf, Jonas
name: Björk, Gunnar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the fidelity as a figure of merit in quantum error correction schemes. We show that when identifiable but uncorrectable errors occur as a result of the action of the channel, a common strategy that improves the fidelity actually decreases the transmitted mutual information. The conclusion is that while the fidelity is simple to calculate and therefore often used, it is perhaps not always a recommendable figure of merit for quantum error correction. The reason is that while it roughly speaking encourages optimisation of the "mean probability of success", it gives no incentive for a protocol to indicate exactly where the errors lurk. For small error probabilities, the latter information is more important for the integrity of the information than optimising the mean probability of success.
MPEC 2023-P86 : 2022 OA10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
New Approaches for Calculating Moran's Index of Spatial Autocorrelation
Creators: name: Chen, Yanguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatial autocorrelation plays an important role in geographical analysis, however, there is still room for improvement of this method. The formula for Moran's index is complicated, and several basic problems remain to be solved. Therefore, I will reconstruct its mathematical framework using mathematical derivation based on linear algebra and present four simple approaches to calculating Moran's index. Moran's scatterplot will be ameliorated, and new test methods will be proposed. The relationship between the global Moran's index and Geary's coefficient will be discussed from two different vantage points: spatial population and spatial sample. The sphere of applications for both Moran's index and Geary's coefficient will be clarified and defined. One of theoretical findings is that Moran's index is a characteristic parameter of spatial weight matrices, so the selection of weight functions is very significant for autocorrelation analysis of geographical systems. A case study of 29 Chinese cities in 2000 will be employed to validate the innovatory models and methods. This work is a methodological study, which will simplify the process of autocorrelation analysis. The results of this study will lay the foundation for the scaling analysis of spatial autocorrelation.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, PLoS ONE, 2013
The revenue benefit of tariffs in less developed countries
Creators: name: Kinniburgh, Ian Colville.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Impact of the wave-like nature of Proca stars on their gravitational-wave emission
Creators: name: Sanchis-Gual, Nicolas
name: Bustillo, Juan Calderón
name: Herdeiro, Carlos
name: Radu, Eugen
name: Font, José A.
name: Leong, Samson H. W.
name: Torres-Forné, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of the dynamics and gravitational-wave emission of head-on collisions of spinning vector boson stars, known as Proca stars. To this aim we build a catalogue of about 800 numerical-relativity simulations of such systems. We find that the wave-like nature of bosonic stars has a large impact on the gravitational-wave emission. In particular, we show that the initial relative phase $Δε=ε_1-ε_2$ of the two complex fields forming the stars (or equivalently, the relative phase at merger) strongly impacts both the emitted gravitational-wave energy and the corresponding mode structure. This leads to a non-monotonic dependence of the emission on the frequency of the secondary star $ω_2$, for fixed frequency $ω_1$ of the primary. This phenomenology, which has not been found for the case of black-hole mergers, reflects the distinct ability of the Proca field to interact with itself in both constructive and destructive manners. We postulate this may serve as a smoking gun to shed light on the possible existence of these objects.
description: Updated version
High-energy monitoring of NGC 4593 with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR. X-ray spectral analysis
Creators: name: Ursini, F.
name: Petrucci, P. -O.
name: Matt, G.
name: Bianchi, S.
name: Cappi, M.
name: De Marco, B.
name: De Rosa, A.
name: Malzac, J.
name: Marinucci, A.
name: Ponti, G.
name: Tortosa, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a joint Xmm-Newton/NuSTAR monitoring of the Seyfert 1 NGC 4593, consisting of 5x20 ks simultaneous observations spaced by two days, performed in January 2015. The source is variable, both in flux and spectral shape, on time-scales down to a few ks and with a clear softer-when-brighter behaviour. In agreement with past observations, we find the presence of a warm absorber well described by a two-phase ionized outflow. The source exhibits a cold, narrow and constant Fe K alpha line at 6.4 keV, and a broad component is also detected. The broad-band (0.3-79 keV) spectrum is well described by a primary power law with Gamma=1.6-1.8 and an exponential cut-off varying from 90(+40,-20) keV to >700 keV, two distinct reflection components, and a variable soft excess correlated with the primary power law. This campaign shows that probing the variability of Seyfert 1 galaxies on different time-scales is of prime importance to investigate the high-energy emission of AGNs.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Condensate losses and oscillations induced by Rydberg atoms
Creators: name: Karpiuk, Tomasz
name: Brewczyk, Mirosław
name: Rzążewski, Kazimierz
name: Gaj, Anita
name: Krupp, Alexander T.
name: Löw, Robert
name: Hofferberth, Sebastian
name: Pfau, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically analyze the impact of a single Rydberg electron onto a Bose-Einstein condensate. Both $S-$ and $D-$ Rydberg states are studied. The radial size of $S-$ and $D-$states are comparable, hence the only difference is due to the angular dependence of the wavefunctions. We find the atom losses in the condensate after the excitation of a sequence of Rydberg atoms. Additionally, we investigate the mechanical effect in which the Rydberg atoms force the condensate to oscillate. Our numerical analysis is based on the classical fields approximation. Finally, we compare numerical results to experimental data.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Inverse Compton X-ray Emissions from TeV blazar Mrk421 during a Historical Low-Flux State Observed with NuSTAR
Creators: name: Kataoka, Jun
name: Stawarz, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the detection of excess hard X-ray emission from the TeV BL Lac object Mrk421 during the historical low-flux state of the source in January 2013. NuSTAR observations were conducted four times between MJD56294 and MJD56312 with a total exposure of 80.9 ksec. The source flux in the 3-40 keV range was nearly constant except for MJD56307, when the average flux level increased by a factor of three. Throughout the exposure, the X-ray spectra of Mrk421 were well represented by a steep power-law model with a photon index of 3.1, although a significant excess was noted above 20 keV in the MJD56302 data when the source was in its faintest state. Moreover, Mrk421 was detected at more than the 4-sigma level in the 40-79 keV count maps for both MJD56307 and MJD56302 but not during the remaining two observations. The detected excess hard X-ray emissions connect smoothly with the extrapolation of the high-energy gamma-ray continuum of the blazar constrained by Fermi-LAT during the source quiescence. These findings indicate that, while the overall X-ray spectrum of Mrk421 is dominated by the highest-energy tail of the synchrotron continuum, the variable excess hard X-ray emission above 20 keV (on the timescale of a week) is related to the inverse Compton emission component. We discuss the resulting constraints on the variability and spectral properties of the low-energy segment of the electron energy distribution in the source.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Machine Learning to detect M dwarfs pulsations in CARMENES radial velocity time-series
Creators: name: Emmanuel-Martínez, Ciro
name: Rodríguez-López, Cristina
name: Amado, Pedro José
name: Rodón, José Ramón
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: PLATO mission will deliver hundreds of thousands of high precision light curves, and ground-based spectroscopic radial velocity observations of thousands of interesting targets will follow. Machine Learning techniques must be applied to get insights from such a huge volume of data. We present an example of the application of Machine Learning techniques to search for pulsations in ground-based RV time-series of M dwarfs. Thermodynamical and solar-like pulsations have been theoretically predicted for M dwarfs, but not yet detected observationally. PLATO mission will deliver high precision light curves for more than 5,000 M dwarfs, which are also amenable of these Machine Learning techniques for pulsation searches.
description: We acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU (AEI) through projects PID2019-109522GB-C52 and the Centre of Excellence "Severo Ochoa" award (CEX2021-001131-S) to the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA-CSIC, Spain).
End-to-end simulations as an indispentable tool for PLATO's core and complimentary science program
Creators: name: Jannsen, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The uninterrupted and high-precision photometry provided by space-borne instruments such as PLATO
 require long preparatory phases. Versatile siulations that accomudate PLATO’s innovative payload design
 are thus needed to continuously assist with the design, assessment, and validation of the instrument.
 Realisitic and reliable simulations are likewise essential in order to shape and test the processing pipeline
 which will, together with ground-based RV follow-up observations, deliver the necessary unforseen stellar
 and planetary parameters needed for system characterisation. Accordingly, we here present PlatoSim, a
 dedicated end-to-end PLATO camera simulator with the ability to simulate all of the expected observations
 of the PLATO space mission, including image time series, meta data, house-keeping data, and light curves.
 The strong predictive power of PlatoSim will be shown through its diverse applicability and contribution
 to numerous working groups within the PLATO Mission Consortium. Aside the core science program, 8%
 of the mission operation will be used on complimentary sciences. Thus, a suite of new simulation studies
 will be used to highlight the scientific potential of the PLATO complimentary science program – including
 stellar pulsators (e.g. γ Doradus star, δ Scuti stars, Cepheids, and RR Lyrae), eclipsing binaries, transient
 events (e.g. super massive black hole binaries, γ-ray bursts, and stellar activity), and synergies of these
 to the core science program. PLATO’s ability to photometrically detect a suite of variable phenomenae
 will be placed in the context to how simulations with PlatoSim quantitatively can help to push beyond
 current theoretical barriers of stellar structure and evolution prior to mission launch.
Emergence, Construction, or Unlikely? Navigating the Space of Questions regarding Life's Origins
Creators: name: Bartlett, Stuart
name: Wong, Michael L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey some of the philosophical challenges and pitfalls within origins research. Several of these challenges exhibit circularities, paradoxes, or anthropic biases. We present origins approaches in terms of three broad categories: unlikely (life's origin was a chance event), construction (life's origin was a stepwise series of synthesis and assembly processes), and emergence (life was always an amalgam of many parallel processes from which the living state emerged as a natural outcome of physical driving forces). We critically examine some of the founding and possibly misleading assumptions in these categories. Such assumptions need not be detrimental to scientific progress as long as their limits are respected. We conclude by attempting to concisely state the most significant enigmas still remaining in the origins field and suggest routes to solve them.
On the optimal experimental design for heat and moisture parameter estimation
Creators: name: Berger, Julien
name: Dutykh, Denys
name: Mendes, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the context of estimating material properties of porous walls based on in-site measurements and identification method, this paper presents the concept of Optimal Experiment Design (OED). It aims at searching the best experimental conditions in terms of quantity and position of sensors and boundary conditions imposed to the material. These optimal conditions ensure to provide the maximum accuracy of the identification method and thus the estimated parameters. The search of the OED is done by using the Fisher information matrix and a priori knowledge of the parameters. The methodology is applied for two case studies. The first one deals with purely conductive heat transfer. The concept of optimal experiment design is detailed and verified with 100 inverse problems for different experiment designs. The second case study combines a strong coupling between heat and moisture transfer through a porous building material. The methodology presented is based on a scientific formalism for efficient planning of experimental work that can be extended to the optimal design of experiments related to other problems in thermal and fluid sciences.
description: 32 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables, 34 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/
Validity of the Local Approximation in Iron- Pnictides and Chalcogenides
Creators: name: Sémon, Patrick
name: Haule, Kristjan
name: Kotliar, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a cluster DMFT (Dynamical Mean Field Theory) approach to study the normal state of the iron pnictides and chalcogenides. In the regime of moderate mass renormalizations, the self-energy is very local, justifying the success of single site DMFT for these materials and for other Hunds metals. We solve the corresponding impurity model with CTQMC (Continuous Time Quantum Monte-Carlo) and find that the minus sign problem is not severe in regimes of moderate mass renormalization.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Elastic Instabilities in Flows through Pillared Micro channels
Creators: name: De, S.
name: van der Schaaf, J.
name: Deen, N. G.
name: Kuipers, J. A. M.
name: Peters, E. A. J. F.
name: Padding, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Viscoelastic fluids exhibit elastic instabilities in simple shear flow and flow through curved streamlines. Surprisingly, we found in a porous medium such fluids show strikingly different hydrodynamic instabilities depicted by very large sideways excursions and presence of fast and slow moving lanes which have not been reported before. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements through a pillared microchannel, provide experimental evidence of such instabilities at very low Reynolds number (< 0.01). We observe a transition from a symmetric laminar to an asymmetric flow, which finally transforms to a nonlinear aperiodic flow with strong lateral movements. The instability is characterized by a rapid increase in spatial and temporal fluctuations of velocity components and pressure at a critical Deborah number (De). Our experiments reveal the presence of a fascinating interplay between pore space and fluid rheology.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Midrapidity cluster formation in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Bratkovskaya, Elena
name: Glässel, Susanne
name: Kireyeu, Viktar
name: Aichelin, Jörg
name: Bleicher, Marcus
name: Blume, Christoph
name: Coci, Gabriele
name: Kolesnikov, Vadim
name: Steinheimer, Jan
name: Voronyuk, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of clusters and hypernuclei at midrapidity employing the Parton-Hadron-Quantum-Molecular-Dynamics (PHQMD) approach, a microscopic n-body transport model based on the QMD propagation of the baryonic degrees of freedom with density dependent 2-body potential interactions. In PHQMD the cluster formation occurs dynamically, caused by the interactions. The clusters are recognized by the Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) algorithm. We present the PHQMD results for cluster and hypernuclei formation in comparison with the available experimental data at relativistic energies. PHQMD allows to study the time evolution of formed clusters and the origin of their production, which helps to understand how such weakly bound objects are formed and survive in the rather dense and hot environment created in heavy-ion collisions. It offers therefore an explanation of the 'ice in the fire' puzzle. To investigate whether this explanation of the 'ice in the fire' puzzle applies only to the MST results we study also the deuterons production by coalescence. We embed MST and coalescence in the PHQMD and UrQMD transport approaches in order to obtain model independent results. We find that both clustering procedures give very similar results for the deuteron observables in the UrQMD as well as in the PHQMD environment. This confirms that our solution for the 'ice in the fire' puzzle is common to MST and coalescence and independent of the transport approach.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, Contribution to the SQM-2022 Proceedings
Supermassive Black Hole Binary Environments: Effects on the Scaling Laws and Time to Detection for the Stochastic Background
Creators: name: Vigeland, Sarah J.
name: Siemens, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the primary gravitational wave (GW) sources for pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) is the stochastic background formed by supermassive black holes binaries (SMBHBs). In this paper, we investigate how the environments of SMBHBs will effect the sensitivity of PTAs by deriving scaling laws for the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the optimal cross-correlation statistic. The presence of gas and stars around SMBHBs will accelerate the merger at large distances, depleting the GW stochastic background at low frequencies. We show that environmental interactions may delay detection by a few years or more, depending on the PTA configuration and the frequency at which the dynamical evolution transitions from being dominated by environmental effects to GW-dominated.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Design, Implementation, and Performance Evaluation of a Fiber Bragg Gratings(FBG) based Smart Insole to Measure Plantar Pressure and Temperature
Creators: name: Mahmud, Sakib
name: Khandakar, Amith
name: Chowdhury, Muhammad E. H.
name: AbdulMoniem, Mohammed
name: Reaz, Mamun Bin Ibne
name: Mahbub, Zaid Bin
name: Sadasivuni, Kishor Kumar
name: Murugappan, M
name: Alhatou, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Various foot complications can be easily avoided by continuous monitoring of foot plantar temperature and pressure. In this work, the design, characterization, and implementation of a Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) based smart insole capable of simultaneously measuring plantar pressure and temperature has been reported. The instrumented insole was tested and verified during static and gait exercises. The paper also provides a comparison of the developed optoelectronic-based solution with a commercially available and widely used plantar pressure measurement and analysis system and a lab-made, electronic sensor-based smart insole that can measure both plantar temperature and pressure. It was shown that even though the commercially available expensive system is very robust and highly precise due to many sensing units on the insole, the developed insole with a smaller number of sensors can provide both plantar temperature and pressure with reasonable precision while displaying both foot pressure and temperature maps, and gait cycle plots in real-time. The FBG-based solution is comfortable and safer than the other systems being compared. Thus, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed solution as an addition to the research area for detecting foot complications non-invasively using foot insoles.
Dynamical signatures of structural connectivity damage to a model of the brain posed at criticality
Creators: name: Haimovici, Ariel
name: Balenzuela, Pablo
name: Tagliazucchi, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Synchronization of brain activity fluctuations is believed to represent communication between spatially distant neural processes. These inter-areal functional interactions develop in the background of a complex network of axonal connections linking cortical and sub-cortical neurons, termed the human "structural connectome". Theoretical considerations and experimental evidence support the view that the human brain can be modeled as a system operating at a critical point between ordered (sub-critical) and disordered (super-critical) phases. Here, we explore the hypothesis that pathologies resulting from brain injury of different etiology are related to the model of a critical brain. For this purpose, we investigate how damage to the integrity of the structural connectome impacts on the signatures of critical dynamics. Adopting a hybrid modeling approach combining an empirical weighted network of human structural connections with a conceptual model of critical dynamics, we show that lesions located at highly transited connections progressively displace the model towards the sub-critical regime. The topological properties of the nodes and links are of less importance when considered independently of their weight in the network. We observe that damage to midline hubs such as the middle and posterior cingulate cortex is most crucial for the disruption of criticality in the model. However, a similar effect can be achieved by targeting less transited nodes and links whose connection weights add up to an equivalent amount. This implies that brain pathology does not necessarily arise due to insult targeted at well-connected areas and that inter- subject variability could obscure lesions located at non-hub regions. Finally, we discuss the predictions of our model in the context of clinical studies of traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative disorders.
description: 6 figures, 26 pages
title: Ferry Landing Park Fishing Pier
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Town of Ocean Isle Beach, Ferry Landing Park Fishing Pier, Ocean Isle Beach, Brunswick County, North Carolina FEMA Project: PA-04-NC-4568-PW-00229 PN 162219
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Southeast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Southeast Region
Year: 2022

description: SERO-2021-02098
The Fossil Nuclear Outflow in the Central 30 pc of the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Hsieh, Pei-Ying
name: Ho, Paul T. P.
name: Hwang, Chorng-Yuan
name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Matsushita, Satoki
name: Koch, Patrick M.
name: Iono, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new 1-pc (30") resolution CS($J=2-1$) line map of the central 30 pc of the Galactic Center (GC), made with the Nobeyama 45m telescope. We revisit our previous study of the extraplanar feature called polar arc (PA), which is a molecular cloud located above SgrA* with a velocity gradient perpendicular to the Galactic plane. We find that the PA can be traced back to the Galactic disk. This provides clues of the launching point of the PA , roughly $6\times10^{6}$ years ago. Implications of the dynamical time scale of the PA might be related to the Galactic Center Lobe (GCL) at parsec scale. Our results suggest that in the central 30 pc of the GC, the feedback from past explosions could alter the orbital path of the molecular gas down to the central tenth of parsec. In the follow-up work of our new CS($J=2-1$) map, we also find that near the systemic velocity, the molecular gas shows an extraplanar hourglass-shaped feature (HG-feature) with a size of $\sim$13 pc. The latitude-velocity diagrams show that the eastern edge of the HG-feature is associated with an expanding bubble B1, $\sim$7 pc away from SgrA*. The dynamical time scale of this bubble is $\sim3\times10^{5}$ years. This bubble is interacting with the 50 km s$^{-1}$ cloud. Part of the molecular gas from the 50 km s$^{-1}$ cloud was swept away by the bubble to $b=-0.2deg$. The western edge of the HG-feature seems to be the molecular gas entrained from the 20 km s$^{-1}$ cloud towards the north of the Galactic disk. Our results suggest a fossil explosion in the central 30 pc of the GC a few 10$^{5}$ years ago.
description: 38 pages,12 figures, accepted for ApJ
An Empirical definition of money in Australia
Creators: name: Alexander, Leigh.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Optimal Profile Design for Acoustic Black Holes using Timoshenko beam Theory
Creators: name: Sørensen, Kasper S.
name: Cornean, Horia D.
name: Sorokin, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 00A69, 74J05, 74P10

description: We revisit the problem of constructing one-dimensional acoustic black holes. Instead of considering the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, we use Timoshenko's approach instead, which is known to be more realistic at higher frequencies. Our goal is to minimize the reflection coefficient under a constraint imposed on the normalized wave number variation. We use the calculus of variations in order to derive the corresponding Euler-Lagrange equation analytically and then use numerical methods to solve this equation in order to find the optimal height profile for different frequencies. We then compare these profiles to the corresponding ones previously found using the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and see that in the lower range of the dimensionless frequency $Ω$ (defined using the largest height of the plate), the optimal profiles almost coincide, as expected. For higher such frequencies, even for values where Euler-Bernoulli theory should still be marginally valid, the profiles predicted using Euler-Bernoulli differ substantially from the correct ones predicted by Timoshenko theory. One explanation for this phenomenon is that unlike in the constant height case, in our setting the wave numbers also depend on the ratio between the smallest and the largest heights.
description: 12 pages and 8 figures
title: Starbuck Bridge Replacement Project
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion, and Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Starbuck Bridge Replacement, Tucannon River, HUC 17060107, Columbia County, Washington (One Project)
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2022

description: WCRO-2021-02849
A Timed Process Algebra for Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Bres, Emile
name: van Glabbeek, Rob
name: Höfner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.2; F.3.1; C.2.2

description: This paper proposes a timed process algebra for wireless networks, an extension of the Algebra for Wireless Networks. It combines treatments of local broadcast, conditional unicast and data structures, which are essential features for the modelling of network protocols. In this framework we model and analyse the Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector routing protocol, and show that, contrary to claims in the literature, it fails to be loop free. We also present boundary conditions for a fix ensuring that the resulting protocol is indeed loop free.
description: An extended abstract of this paper---everything but the appendices---appeared in Proc. ESOP'16. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1312.7645
The special right facility in the international monetary system
Creators: name: Durbin, Stanley Roy.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
High-velocity extended molecular outflow in the star-formation dominated luminous infrared galaxy ESO 320-G030
Creators: name: Pereira-Santaella, M.
name: Colina, L.
name: García-Burillo, S.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Arribas, S.
name: Cazzoli, S.
name: Emonts, B.
name: López, J. Piqueras
name: Planesas, P.
name: Bergmann, T. Storchi
name: Usero, A.
name: Villar-Martín, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze new high spatial resolution (~60 pc) ALMA CO(2-1) observations of the isolated luminous infrared galaxy ESO 320-G030 (d=48 Mpc) in combination with ancillary HST optical and near-IR imaging as well as VLT/SINFONI near-IR integral field spectroscopy. We detect a high-velocity (~450 km/s) spatially resolved (size~2.5 kpc; dynamical time ~3 Myr) massive (~10^7 Msun; mass rate~2-8 Msun/yr) molecular outflow originated in the central ~250 pc. We observe a clumpy structure in the outflowing cold molecular gas with clump sizes between 60 and 150 pc and masses between 10^5.5 and 10^6.4 Msun. The mass of the clumps decreases with increasing distance, while the velocity is approximately constant. Therefore, both the momentum and kinetic energy of the clumps decrease outwards. In the innermost (~100 pc) part of the outflow, we measure a hot-to-cold molecular gas ratio of 7x10^-5, which is similar to that measured in other resolved molecular outflows. We do not find evidence of an ionized phase in this outflow. The nuclear IR and radio properties are compatible with strong and highly obscured star-formation (A_k ~ 4.6 mag; SFR~15 Msun/yr). We do not find any evidence for the presence of an active galactic nucleus. We estimate that supernova explosions in the nuclear starburst (ν(SN) ~ 0.2 yr^-1) can power the observed molecular outflow. The kinetic energy and radial momentum of the cold molecular phase of the outflow correspond to about 2% and 20%, respectively, of the supernovae output. The cold molecular outflow velocity is lower than the escape velocity, so the gas will likely return to the galaxy disk. The mass loading factor is ~0.1-0.5, so the negative feedback due to this star-formation powered molecular outflow is probably limited.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A; 13 pages, 9 figures
“I think it’s a lot harder” – fundamentals for developing a core curriculum in telecommunication and teleconsultation in undergraduate medical education in the UK
Creators: name: Wetzlmair, Lisa-Christin
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: Telehealth
Medical education
Teleconsultation
Mixed methods

description: Telehealth has become increasingly important in modern healthcare systems, as remote communication with colleagues (i.e. telecommunication) and remote consultations with patients (i.e. teleconsultations) increased in the last decades. The workforce should be prepared for working in digitised healthcare systems which demand different skills, competencies, and attitudes. A systematic literature review has shown limited evidence-informed training regarding telecommunication and teleconsultation (TC) at undergraduate level. These results led to the aim of this PhD study: exploring factors that can inform a core curriculum on TC in UK undergraduate medical education. An additional coverage mixed-methods design was conducted, utilising an online questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Medical educators and undergraduate medical students in the UK were invited to participate in this study. The development of the questionnaire was based on the Technology Acceptance Model and the results of a test-retest cycle. Quantitative data was analysed descriptively, and qualitative data was analysed inductively and deductively using thematic analysis. Results indicated that most students and educators have had experiences with TC during the pandemic. Medical schools adapted their curriculum quickly, yet most study participants could not report on the formalities and content of teaching taking place in academic learning environments. The opinions on TC were mixed but students as well as educators think that it requires efficacious triaging systems and different communication skills. Globally, healthcare systems are increasing the use of telehealth. It is essential to prepare the future workforce for those changes. This study contributed to building the foundation for the development of a TC core curriculum in UK undergraduate medical education.
Highly-twisted states of light from a high quality factor photonic crystal ring
Creators: name: Lu, Xiyuan
name: Wang, Mingkang
name: Zhou, Feng
name: Heuck, Mikkel
name: Zhu, Wenqi
name: Aksyuk, Vladimir A.
name: Englund, Dirk R.
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twisted light with orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been extensively studied for applications in quantum and classical communications, microscopy, and optical micromanipulation. Ejecting the naturally high angular momentum whispering gallery modes (WGMs) of an optical microresonator through a grating-assisted mechanism, where the generated OAM number ($l$) is the difference of the angular momentum of the WGM and that of the grating, provides a scalable, chip-integrated solution for OAM generation. However, demonstrated OAM microresonators have exhibited a much lower quality factor ($Q$) than conventional WGM resonators (by $>100\times$), and an understanding of the ultimate limits on $Q$ has been lacking. This is crucial given the importance of $Q$ in enhancing light-matter interactions, such as single emitter coupling and parametric nonlinear processes, that underpin many important microresonator applications. Moreover, though high-OAM states are often desirable, the limits on what is achievable in a microresonator configuration are not well understood. Here, we provide new physical insight on these two longstanding questions, through understanding OAM from the perspective of mode coupling in a photonic crystal ring, and linking it to the commonly studied case of coherent backscattering between counter-propagating WGMs. In addition to demonstrating high-$Q$ ($10^5$ to $10^6$), high estimated OAM ejection efficiency (up to $90~\%$), and high-OAM number (up to $l$ = 60), our empirical model is supported by experiments and provides a quantitative explanation for the behavior of $Q$ and OAM ejection efficiency with $l$ for the first time. The state-of-the-art performance and new understanding of the physics of microresonator OAM generation will open new opportunities for realizing OAM applications using chip-integrated technologies.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Necessity of Tensorial Connections for Spinorial Systems
Creators: name: Fabbri, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider spinorial fields in polar form to deduce their respective tensorial connection in various physical situations: we show that in some cases the tensorial connection is a useful tool, instead in other cases it arises as a necessary object. The comparative analysis of the different cases possessing a tensorial connection is done, investigating the analogies between space-time structures. Eventual comments on quantum field theory and specific spinors are given.
description: 10 pages
Fiber-integrated silicon carbide silicon vacancy-based magnetometer
Creators: name: Quan, Wei-Ke
name: Liu, Lin
name: Luo, Qin-Yue
name: Liu, Xiao-Di
name: Wang, Jun-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon vacancy in silicon carbide has drawn much attention for various quantum sensing. However, most of the previous experiments are achieved using confocal scanning systems, which limit its applications in practical applications. In this work, we demonstrate a compact fiber-integrated silicon carbide silicon vacancy-based vector magnetometer at room temperature. First, we effectively couple the silicon vacancy in a tiny silicon carbide slice to an optical fiber tip and realize the readout of the spin signal through the fiber at the same time. We then study the optically detected magnetic resonance spectra at different laser and microwave powers, obtaining an optimized magnetic field sensitivity of 12.3 μT/Hz1/2. Based on this, the magnetometer is performed to measure the strength and polar angle of an external magnetic field, respectively. Through these experiments, we have paved the way for fiber-integrated silicon vacancy-based magnetometer applications in practical environments such as geophysics and biomedical sensing.
Light cluster production at NICA
Creators: name: Bastian, N. -U.
name: Batyuk, P.
name: Blaschke, D.
name: Danielewicz, P.
name: Ivanov, Yu. B.
name: Karpenko, Iu.
name: Röpke, G.
name: Rogachevsky, O.
name: Wolter, H. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light cluster production at the NICA accelerator complex offers unique possibilities to use these states as "rare probes" of in-medium characteristics such as phase space occupation and early flow. In order to explain this statement, in this contribution theoretical considerations from the nuclear statistical equilibrium model and from a quantum statistical model of cluster production are supplemented with a discussion of a transport model for light cluster formation and with results from hydrodynamic simulations combined with the coalescence model.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. A
Understanding and reducing deleterious defects in metastable alloy GaAsBi
Creators: name: Luo, Guangfu
name: Yang, Shujiang
name: Jenness, Glen R.
name: Song, Zhewen
name: Kuech, Thomas F.
name: Morgan, Dane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Technological applications of novel metastable materials are frequently inhibited by abundant defects residing in these materials. Using first-principles methods we investigate the point defect thermodynamics and phase segregation in the technologically-important metastable alloy GaAsBi. Our calculations predict defect energy levels in good agreement with abundant previous experiments and clarify the defect structures giving rise to these levels. We find that vacancies in some charge states become metastable or unstable with respect to antisite formation, and this instability is a general characteristic of zincblende semiconductors with small ionicity. The dominant point defects degrading electronical and optical performances are predicted to be As$_G$$_a$, Bi$_G$$_a$, Bi$_G$$_a$+Bi$_A$$_s$, As$_G$$_a$+Bi$_A$$_s$, V$_G$$_a$ and V$_G$$_a$+Bi$_A$$_s$, of which the first-four and second-two defects are minority-electron and minority-hole traps, respectively. V$_G$$_a$ is also found to play a critical role in controlling the metastable Bi supersaturation through mediating Bi diffusion and clustering. To reduce the influences of these deleterious defects, we suggest shifting the growth away from As-rich condition and/or using hydrogen passivation to reduce the minority-carrier traps. We expect this work to aid in the applications of GaAsBi to novel electronic and optoelectronic devices, and shine a light on controlling the deleterious defects in other metastable materials.
Supplementary material from Reproductive phenology is a repeatable, heritable trait linked to the timing of other life history events in a migratory marine predator
Creators: name: Oosthuizen, W. C.
name: Pistorius, P. A.
name: Bester, M. N.
name: Altwegg, R.
name: de Bruyn, P. J. N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 60801
subject: Animal Behaviour

description: Population-level shifts in reproductive phenology in response to environmental change are common, but whether individual-level responses are modified by demographic and genetic factors remains less well understood. We used mixed models to quantify how reproductive timing varied across 1772 female southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) breeding at Marion Island in the Southern Ocean (1989–2019), and to identify the factors that correlate with phenological shifts within- and between individuals. We found strong support for covariation in the timing of breeding arrival dates and the timing of the preceding moult. Breeding arrival dates were more repeatable at the individual-level, as compared to the population-level, even after accounting for individual traits (wean date as a pup, age and breeding experience) associated with phenological variability. Mother-daughter similarities in breeding phenology were also evident, indicating that additive genetic effects may contribute to between-individual variation in breeding phenology. Over 30 years, elephant seal phenology did not change towards earlier or later dates, and we found no correlation between annual fluctuations in phenology and indices of environmental variation. Our results show how maternal genetic (or non-genetic) effects, individual traits and linkages between cyclical life-history events can drive within- and between-individual variation in reproductive phenology.