cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Resilience: multi-hop tax reallocation in Ripple for guaranteed basic income
Creators: name: Nygren, Johan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: ABSTRACT: Ripple, the multi-hop mutual credit system invented by Ryan Fugger in 2003, is an ideal topology for a person-to-person safety net. The web of credit lines that Ripple models can be used as a conduit for reallocation of transaction taxes, used to pay for debt reduction to provide a social safety net for access to basic needs. The result is similar to Silvio Gesell’s notion of “decaying currency”.
Flexural wave modulation and mitigation in airfoils using acoustic black holes
Creators: name: Sampath, Kaushik
name: Sieck, Caleb F
name: Guild, Matthew D
name: Ikei, Alec K
name: Rohde, Charles A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study introduces a framework for the design and implementation of acoustic black holes (ABHs) in airfoils. A generalized multi-parameter damped-ABH generation function is mapped onto NACA series airfoils. Representative geometries and a uniformly distributed baseline, all with the same mass of structure and damping are fabricated using multi-material PolyJet 3D printing. Laser Doppler vibrometer measurements along the airfoil chord in response to a broadband 0.1 - 12 kHz excitation show a decrease in trailing edge vibrations by as much as 10 dB, a broadband 5 dB reduction across the entire chord as well as substantial spatial and temporal modulation of flexural waves by ABH-embedded foils. Finite element analysis (FEA) models are developed and validated based on the measured data. Furthermore, a parametric FEA study is performed on a set of comparable designs to elucidate the scope of modulation achievable. These findings are applicable to trailing-edge noise reduction, flow control, structural enhancement and energy harvesting for airfoils.
Shape restricted regression with random Bernstein polynomials
Creators: name: Chang, I-Shou
name: Chien, Li-Chu
name: Hsiung, Chao A.
name: Wen, Chi-Chung
name: Wu, Yuh-Jenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F15, 62G08 (Primary) 65D10 (Secondary)

description: Shape restricted regressions, including isotonic regression and concave regression as special cases, are studied using priors on Bernstein polynomials and Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. These priors have large supports, select only smooth functions, can easily incorporate geometric information into the prior, and can be generated without computational difficulty. Algorithms generating priors and posteriors are proposed, and simulation studies are conducted to illustrate the performance of this approach. Comparisons with the density-regression method of Dette et al. (2006) are included.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921707000000157 in the IMS Lecture Notes Monograph Series (http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Comparison of HPC Architectures for Computing All-Pairs Shortest Paths. Intel Xeon Phi KNL vs NVIDIA Pascal
Creators: name: Costanzo, Manuel
name: Rucci, Enzo
name: Costi, Ulises
name: Chichizola, Franco
name: Naiouf, Marcelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today, one of the main challenges for high-performance computing systems is to improve their performance by keeping energy consumption at acceptable levels. In this context, a consolidated strategy consists of using accelerators such as GPUs or many-core Intel Xeon Phi processors. In this work, devices of the NVIDIA Pascal and Intel Xeon Phi Knights Landing architectures are described and compared. Selecting the Floyd-Warshall algorithm as a representative case of graph and memory-bound applications, optimized implementations were developed to analyze and compare performance and energy efficiency on both devices. As it was expected, Xeon Phi showed superior when considering double-precision data. However, contrary to what was considered in our preliminary analysis, it was found that the performance and energy efficiency of both devices were comparable using single-precision datatype.
description: Computer Science - CACIC 2020. CACIC 2020. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1409. Springer, Cham
The Gamma Ray Burst section of the White Paper on the Status and Future of Very High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy: A Brief Preliminary Report
Creators: name: Falcone, A. D.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Baring, M. G.
name: Blandford, R.
name: Connaughton, V.
name: Coppi, P.
name: Dermer, C.
name: Dingus, B.
name: Fryer, C.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Granot, J.
name: Horan, D.
name: Katz, J. I.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Meszaros, P.
name: Norris, J.
name: Parkinson, P. Saz
name: Peer, A.
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, E.
name: Razzaque, S.
name: Wang, X.
name: Zhang, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a short report on the preliminary findings of the gamma ray burst (GRB) working group for the white paper on the status and future of very high energy (VHE; >50 GeV) gamma-ray astronomy. The white paper discusses the status of past and current attempts to observe GRBs at GeV-TeV energies, including a handful of low-significance, possible detections. The white paper concentrates on the potential of future ground-based gamma-ray experiments to observe the highest energy emission ever recorded for GRBs, particularly for those that are nearby and have high Lorentz factors in the GRB jet. It is clear that the detection of VHE emission would have strong implications for GRB models, as well as cosmic ray origin. In particular, the extended emission phase (including both afterglow emission and possible flaring) of nearby long GRBs could provide the best possibility for detection. The difficult-to-obtain observations during the prompt phase of nearby long GRBs and short GRBs could also provide particularly strong constraints on the opacity and bulk Lorentz factors surrounding the acceleration site. The synergy with upcoming and existing observatories will, of course, be critical for both identification of GRBs and for multiwavelength/multimessenger studies.
description: to appear in Proceedings of Gamma Ray Bursts 2007 Meeting, Santa Fe, New Mexico; 5 pages, 4 figures
A Catalog of New M33 Star Clusters Based on the HST/WFPC2 Images
Creators: name: Park, Won-Kee
name: Lee, Myung Gyoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the result of a survey for star clusters in M33 using the HST/WFPC2 archive images. We have found 104 star clusters, including 32 new ones, in the images of 24 fields that were not included in the previous studies. Combining these with previous data in the literature, we increase the number of M33 star clusters found in the HST images to 242. We have derived BVI integrated photometry of these star clusters from the CCD images taken with CFH12k mosaic camera at CFHT. Integrated color-magnitude diagrams of the M33 star clusters are found to be similar in general to those of star clusters in the Large Magellanic Cloud, except that M33 has a much lower fraction of blue star clusters. We find 29 red star clusters with 0.5 <= (B-V)_0 <= 1.1 and 0.7 <=(V-I)_0 <= 1.2, which are old globular cluster candidates. We divide the cluster sample into three groups according to their (B-V)_0 color: blue star clusters with (B-V)_0 <= 0.3, intermediate color star clusters with 0.3 < (B-V)_0 <0.5, and red star clusters with (B-V)_0 >= 0.5. Most of the new clusters in M33 are located along the sequence that is consistent with the theoretical evolutionary path for Z=0.004, Y=0.24 in the (B-V)_0--(V-I)_0 diagram, while a few of them are in the redder side in the (V-I)_0 color. The red clusters are found relatively more in the outer region of M33 than the blue and intermediate color clusters, and that many of the blue stars are located in the HII regions. The luminosity function for the blue star clusters shows a peak at Mv ~ -7.3 mag, while that for the intermediate color star cluster shows a peak at the fainter magnitude Mv ~ -6.3 mag. The luminosity function for the red star clusters shows also a peak at Mv ~ -6.8 mag, although the number of the clusters is small.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, and 5 tables. Accepted for publication in AJ
Gravitational time delay effects by Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes in strong field limits
Creators: name: Hsieh, Tien
name: Lee, Da-Shin
name: Lin, Chi-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time delay between two relativistic images due to strong gravitational lensing of the light rays caused by the Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes. The trajectories of the light rays are restricted on the equatorial plane. Using the known form of the deflection angle in the strong deflection limit (SDL) allows us to analytically develop the formalism for the travel time of the light from the distant source winding around the black hole several times and reaching the observer. We find that the black hole with higher mass or with spin of the extreme black hole potentially have higher time delay. The effect of the charge of the black hole enhances the time delay between the images lying on the opposite side of the optical axis resulting from the light rays when one light ray is in the direct orbit and the other is in the retrograde orbit. In contrary, when both light rays travel along either direct or retrograde orbits giving the images on the same side of the optical axis, the charge effect reduces the time delay between them. We then examine the time delay observations due to the galactic and supermassive black holes respectively
description: 33 pages, 5 figures. Revised version to appear in Physical Review D. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.09008
Caratterizzazione meccanica delle saldature per attrito con utensile rotante
Creators: name: Ponzi, Paolo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Il presente lavoro di tesi si pone come obiettivo la caratterizzazione tecnologica del recente processo di saldatura allo stato solido denominato FSW.  Nel cap.1 si fornisce una panoramica generale dell’alluminio delle sue proprietà fisiche e meccaniche ed i metodi per la sua produzione.
Nel cap.2 si descrivono poi le applicazioni industriali di questo materiale con riferimento particolare al settore automobilistico ed aerospaziale.
Nel cap.3 si definisce la classificazione delle leghe di alluminio con riferimento alle prestazioni performanti di questi materiali, alle modalità di migliorare le proprietà meccaniche con opportuni trattamenti termici e meccanici.
Il cap.4 è dedicato ai problemi della saldatura dell’alluminio e all’introduzione della tecnologia Friction Stir Welding valutandone gli aspetti caratteristici.
Riconosciuti i vantaggi di questa tecnica, il cap.5 comprende l’analisi degli aspetti metallografici del giunto e gli effetti della saldatura.
Nei cap. 6 e 7 vengono illustrati i materiali e metodi, per la 1a campagna di prove volta al confronto fra FSW e TIG, utilizzati durante la realizzazione dei giunti e delle prove di trazione, di durezza e di fatica, seguiti dai rispettivi risultati.
Nel capitolo 8 si illustrano i materiali e metodi della 2a campagna di prove volta alla caratterizzazione della tecnologia FSW, seguono nel capitolo 9 i risultatti di tale indagine.
Data però la complessità della realtà una buona soluzione di un problema non può prescindere da ipotesi e schematizzazioni. Infatti è quasi impossibile descrivere e riprodurre esattamente i fenomeni fisici, ed occorre spesso fare alcune approssimazioni in modo da tradurre il problema in equazioni risolubili con strumenti matematici. Nell’interpretazione dei risultati ottenuti è importante poi, tenere presente le assunzioni fatte durante lo studio. In questo modo, nell’ambito della scelta dei parametri di processo è possibile verificare criticamente l’influenza di ciascuno di essi.
La sinergia di ipotesi e schematizzazioni attiva un modello semplificativo per relazionarsi al fenomeno in oggetto, tuttavia non esiste alcun metodo generale per la trattazione di nuovi problemi in quanto un’ ipotesi può essere valida per un problema e fallace per un altro.
L’esperienza insegna che il principale requisito per la formulazione di ipotesi e approssimazioni corrette, è una completa e profonda comprensione fisica del fenomeno studiato.
Il cap.10 raccoglie infine le conclusioni del lavoro di tesi, sottolineando i margini di sviluppo del processo FSW.
L’architettura delle navi da crociera: processi evolutivi verso l'habitat residenziale transitorio
Creators: name: Rizzo, Adele Marina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: La tesi propone una indagine innovativa in merito alla evoluzione delle tecniche e tipologie di costruzione delle navi  da crociera, al fine di individuare il rapporto e gli scambi possibili con il settore dell'edilizia residenziale industrializzata a carattere transitorio.
Homogenization strategies and computational analyses for masonry structures via micro-mechanical approach
Creators: name: Rivieccio, Patrizia Giovanna
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Masonry is a heterogeneous medium which shows an anisotropic and inhomogeneous nature. In particular, the inhomogeneity is due to its biphasic composition and, consequently, to the different mechanical properties of its constituents, mortar and natural or artificial blocks. The anisotropy is, instead, due to the different masonry patterns since the mechanical response is affected by the geometrical arrangement of the constituents. The unquestionable importance of a lot of real masonry estate requires researcher’s particular attention for this kind of structures. Therefore, in order to design an efficient response for repairing existing masonry structures, a large number of theoretical studies, experimental laboratory activities and computational procedures have been proposed in scientific literature.
The main object of the present work is, in a first moment, to furnish an overall description of the different homogenization approaches utilized in literature for modelling masonry structures in linear-elastic field. Then, it will be given a number of new possible proposals for theoretical models which yield global constitutive relationships. Later, computational analyses are employed in order to compare the analytical results obtained from the proposed homogenization techniques and the literature data.
PC1643+4631A,B: The Lyman-Alpha Forest at the Edge of Coherence
Creators: name: Casey, Caitlin M.
name: Impey, Christopher D.
name: Petry, Catherine E.
name: Marble, Andrew R.
name: Dave, Romeel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the first measurement and detection of coherence in the intergalactic medium (IGM) at substantially high redshift (z~3.8) and on large physical scales (~2.5 h^-1 Mpc). We perform the measurement by presenting new observations from Keck LRIS of the high redshift quasar pair PC 1643+4631A, B and their Ly-alpha absorber coincidences. This experiment extends multiple sightline quasar absorber studies to higher redshift, higher opacity, larger transverse separation, and into a regime where coherence across the IGM becomes weak and difficult to detect. We fit 222 discrete Ly-alpha absorbers to sightline A and 211 to sightline B. Relative to a Monte Carlo pairing test (using symmetric, nearest neighbor matching) the data exhibit a 4sigma excess of pairs at low velocity splitting (<150 km/s), thus detecting coherence on transverse scales of ~2.5 h^-1 Mpc. We use spectra extracted from an SPH simulation to analyze symmetric pair matching, transmission distributions as a function of redshift and compute zero-lag cross-correlations to compare with the quasar pair data. The simulations agree with the data with the same strength (~4sigma) at similarly low velocity splitting above random chance pairings. In cross-correlation tests, the simulations agree when the mean flux (as a function of redshift) is assumed to follow the prescription given by Kirkman et al. (2005). While the detection of flux correlation (measured through coincident absorbers and cross-correlation amplitude) is only marginally significant, the agreement between data and simulations is encouraging for future work in which even better quality data will provide the best insight into the overarching structure of the IGM and its understanding as shown by SPH simulations.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures; accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal
Ground state of a confined Yukawa plasma including correlation effects
Creators: name: Henning, C.
name: Ludwig, P.
name: Filinov, A.
name: Piel, A.
name: Bonitz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of an externally confined one-component Yukawa plasma is derived analytically using the local density approximation (LDA). In particular, the radial density profile is computed. The results are compared with the recently obtained mean-field (MF) density profile \cite{henning.pre06}. While the MF results are more accurate for weak screening, LDA with correlations included yields the proper description for large screening. By comparison with first-principle simulations for three-dimensional spherical Yukawa crystals we demonstrate that both approximations complement each other. Together they accurately describe the density profile in the full range of screening parameters.
description: revtex file plus 7 eps figures
Suppression of Tunneling of Superconducting Vortices Caused by a Remote Gate: Example of an Extended Object Tunneling
Creators: name: Michaeli, K.
name: Finkel'stein, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a recent experiment in which the resistance of a superconducting film has been measured in magnetic field. A strong decrease of the superconducting film resistance has been observed when a metallic gate is placed above the film. We study how the magnetic coupling between vortices in a thin superconducting film and electrons in a remote unbiased gate suppresses the tunneling rate of the vortices. We examine two general approaches to analyze tunneling in the presence of slow low-energy degrees of freedom: the functional-integral and scattering formalisms. In the first one, the response of the electrons inside the metallic gate to a change in the vortex position is described by the "tunneling with dissipation". We consider the Eddy current induced in the gate by the magnetic flux of the vortex as a result of tunneling. In the second approach, the response is given in terms of scattering of the electrons by the magnetic flux of the vortex in a way similar to the Aharonov-Bohm scattering. A sudden change in the vortex position leads to the Orthogonality Catastrophe that opposes the vortex tunneling. We show that the magnetic coupling between the vortices and the electrons inside the gate can lead to a dramatic suppression of the vortex tunneling, restoring the superconducting property in accord with the experiment.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Markov properties in presence of measurement noise
Creators: name: Kleinhans, David
name: Friedrich, Rudolf
name: Waechter, Matthias
name: Peinke, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, several powerful tools for the reconstruction of stochastic differential equations from measured data sets have been proposed [e.g. Siegert et al., Physics Letters A 243, 275 (1998); Hurn et al., Journal of Time Series Analysis 24, 45 (2003)]. Efficient application of the methods, however, generally requires Markov properties to be fulfilled. This constraint typically seems to be violated on small scales, which frequently is attributed to physical effects. On the other hand, measurement noise such as uncorrelated measurement and discretization errors has large impacts on the statistics of measurements on small scales. We demonstrate, that the presence of measurement noise, likewise, spoils Markov properties of an underlying Markov processes. This fact is promising for the further development of techniques for the reconstruction of stochastic processes from measured data, since limitations at small scales might stem from artificial noise sources rather than from intrinsic properties of the dynamics of the underlying process. Measurement noise, however, can be controlled much better than the intrinsic dynamics of the underlying process.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Non- and semi-parametric analysis of failure time data with missing failure indicators
Creators: name: Gijbels, Irene
name: Lin, Danyu
name: Ying, Zhiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62J99 (Primary) 62F12, 62G05 (Secondary)

description: A class of estimating functions is introduced for the regression parameter of the Cox proportional hazards model to allow unknown failure statuses on some study subjects. The consistency and asymptotic normality of the resulting estimators are established under mild conditions. An adaptive estimator which achieves the minimum variance-covariance bound of the class is constructed. Numerical studies demonstrate that the asymptotic approximations are adequate for practical use and that the efficiency gain of the adaptive estimator over the complete-case analysis can be quite substantial. Similar methods are also developed for the nonparametric estimation of the survival function of a homogeneous population and for the estimation of the cumulative baseline hazard function under the Cox model.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921707000000166 in the IMS Lecture Notes Monograph Series (http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Effect of Interfacial Dipole on Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation
Creators: name: Lu, Hao
name: Xu, Quanming
name: Wu, Jianyang
name: Hong, Rongdun
name: Zhang, Zhisen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we performed molecular dynamics simulations of ice nucleation on a rigid surface model of cubic zinc blende structure with different surface dipole strength and orientation. It follows that, despite the excellent lattice match between cubic ice and substrates, the ice nucleation happened only when the interfacial water molecules (IWs) have the same or similar orientations as that of the water molecules in cubic ice. The free energy landscapes revealed that, for substrates with improper dipole strength/orientation, large free energy barriers arose to prevent the dipole of IWs rotating to the right orientation to trigger ice formation. Our results suggest that the traditional concept of lattice match, the similarity of lattice length between a substrate and the new-formed crystalline, should be extended to a broader match include the similarity between the molecular orientations of the interfacial component and the component in the specific new-formed crystalline face.
The Prograde Orbit of Exoplanet TrES-2b
Creators: name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Narita, Norio
name: Suto, Yasushi
name: Turner, Edwin L.
name: Fischer, Debra A.
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Vogt, Steven S.
name: O'Donovan, Francis T.
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We monitored the Doppler shift of the G0V star TrES-2 throughout a transit of its giant planet. The anomalous Doppler shift due to stellar rotation (the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect) is discernible in the data, with a signal-to-noise ratio of 2.9, even though the star is a slow rotator. By modeling this effect we find that the planet's trajectory across the face of the star is tilted by -9 +/- 12 degrees relative to the projected stellar equator. With 98% confidence, the orbit is prograde.
description: ApJ, in press [15 pages]
Nekrotisierende Myositis des Oberschenkels
Creators: name: Schmitz, Paul
name: Hausmann, Nadine
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: SCLS, Systemisches Capillary-leak-Syndrom, Infektion, Abszess, Kompartmentresektion
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Infektionen des muskuloskeletalen Systems sind in der Unfallchirurgie mitunter die Krankheitsbilder, die Patienten am gravierendsten beeinträchtigen, Ärzte fachlich sowie Kliniken und das Gesundheitssystem ökonomisch herausfordern. Das systemische „Capillary-leak“-Syndrom (SCLS) ist ein seltenes idiopathisches Syndrom, welches auch bei harmlosen Infektionen fulminante lebensbedrohliche Verläufe provozieren kann. Neben einer übersichtlichen Darstellung des SCLS wird über einen betroffenen Patienten, der infolge einer instabilen Narbe eine nekrotisierende Myositis des Oberschenkels entwickelte, berichtet.
Additional file 1 of Toxic stress-specific cytoprotective responses regulate learned behavioral decisions in C. elegans
Creators: name: Hajdú, Gábor
name: Gecse, Eszter
name: Taisz, István
name: Móra, István
name: Sőti, Csaba
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Methods. Supplementary Methods – Kinetic Chemotaxis, Motility and Thermotolerance Assay. Fig. S1. Undiluted BA and DA on kinetic chemotaxis and thermotolerance. Fig. S2. Odor preconditioning-induced motility and aversion. Fig. S3. ccBA on DAF-16 translocation and expression of various stress reporters. Fig. S4. Effect of daf-16 and skn-1 RNAi on ccBA survival. Fig. S5. Toxicity and food aversion by undiluted methyl-salicylate. Fig. S6 ccBA effect on food avoidance of sgk-1 and pmk-1 mutants.
Towards precise galaxy evolution: a comparison between spectral indices of $z\sim1$ galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulation and the LEGA-C survey
Creators: name: Wu, Po-Feng
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: van der Wel, Arjen
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Zibetti, Stefano
name: Bezanson, Rachel
name: D'Eugenio, Francesco
name: Gallazzi, Anna
name: Pacifici, Camilla
name: Straatman, Caroline M. S.
name: Barišić, Ivana
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Maseda, Michael V.
name: Muzzin, Adam
name: Sobral, David
name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first comparison of observed stellar continuum spectra of high-redshift galaxies and mock galaxy spectra generated from hydrodynamical simulations. The mock spectra are produced from the IllustrisTNG TNG100 simulation combined with stellar population models and take into account dust attenuation and realistic observational effects (aperture effects and noise). We compare the simulated $D_n4000$ and EW(H$δ$) of galaxies with $10.5 \leq \log(M_\ast/M_\odot) \leq 11.5$ at $0.6 \leq z \leq 1.0$ to the observed distributions from the LEGA-C survey. TNG100 globally reproduces the observed distributions of spectral indices, implying that the age distribution of galaxies in TNG100 is generally realistic. Yet there are small but significant differences. For old galaxies, TNG100 shows small $D_n4000$ when compared to LEGA-C, while LEGA-C galaxies have larger EW(H$δ$) at fixed $D_n4000$. There are several possible explanations: 1) LEGA-C galaxies have overall older ages combined with small contributions (a few percent in mass) from younger ($<1$~Gyr) stars, while TNG100 galaxies may not have such young sub-populations; 2) the spectral mismatch could be due to systematic uncertainties in the stellar population models used to convert stellar ages and metallicities to observables. In conclusion, the latest cosmological galaxy formation simulations broadly reproduce the global age distribution of galaxies at $z\sim1$ and, at the same time, the high quality of the latest observed and simulated datasets help constrain stellar population synthesis models as well as the physical models underlying the simulations.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted by AJ
Impact of Ion Clearing Electrodes on Beam Dynamics in DAFNE
Creators: name: Zobov, M.
name: Battisti, A.
name: Clozza, A.
name: Lollo, V.
name: Milardi, C.
name: Spataro, B.
name: Stella, A.
name: Vaccarezza, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Presently clearing electrodes are being considered as a possible cure of e-cloud driven problems in existing and future colliders. 'Invisible' electrodes, made of a thin highly resistive layer pasted on a dielectric plate, have been proposed as one of design solutions for the e-cloud clearing. For the first time such electrodes were successfully used in the electron-positron accumulator (EPA) of LEP. Similar electrodes had been using for a long time for ion clearing purposes in the DAFNE electron ring. Theoretical considerations and experimental measurements at DAFNE have revealed a substantial contribution of the ion clearing electrodes (ICE) to the machine broad-band impedance giving rise to several harmful effects degrading the collider performance. In this paper we discuss the impact of the electrodes on DAFNE beam dynamics, show the results of ICE wake field and impedance calculations and compare them with available experimental data. We also describe the procedure of ICE removal from the wiggler sections of the electron ring that has resulted in remarkable improvements in terms of beam dynamics and geometric luminosity.
description: Invited Talk at the mini-Workshop on Electron Cloud Clearing (ECL2), CERN, 1-2 March 2007. 7 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Two non-commutative parameters and regular cosmological phase transition in the semi-classical dilaton cosmology
Creators: name: Kim, Wontae
name: Son, Edwin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological phase transitions from modified equations of motion by introducing two non-commutative parameters in the Poisson brackets, which describes the initial- and future-singularity-free phase transition in the soluble semi-classical dilaton gravity with a non-vanishing cosmological constant. Accelerated expansion and decelerated expansion corresponding to the FRW phase appear alternatively, and then it ends up with the second accelerated expansion. The final stage of the universe approaches the flat spacetime independent of the initial state of the curvature scalar as long as the product of the two non-commutative parameters is less than one. Finally, we show that the initial-singularity-free condition is related to the second accelerated expansion of the universe.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; v2. to appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
New adaptive synchronization algorithm for a general class of hyperchaotic complex-valued systems with unknown parameters and its application to secure communication
Creators: name: Shoreh, A. A. -H.
name: Kuznetsov, N. V.
name: Mokaev, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This report aims to study adaptive synchronization between a general class of hyperchaotic complex-valued systems with unknown parameters, which is motivated by extensive application areas of this topic in nonlinear sciences (e.g., secure communications, encryption techniques, etc.). Based on the complexity of hyperchaotic dynamical systems, which may be beneficial in secure communications, a scheme to achieve adaptive synchronization of a general class of hyperchaotic complex-valued systems with unknown parameters is proposed. To verify scheme's consistency, the control functions based on adaptive laws of parameters are derived analytically, and the related numerical simulations are performed. The complex-valued Rabinovich system describing the parametric excitation of waves in a magneto-active plasma is considered as an interesting example to study this kind of synchronization. A scheme for secure communication and improving the cryptosystem is proposed; the sketch is constructed to split the message and inject some bit of information signal into parameters modulation and the other bit into the transmitter system's states, which, in turn, complicates decryption task by intruders. Meanwhile, the information signal can be accurately retrieved at the receiver side by adaptive techniques and decryption function. Different types of encrypted messages are considered for testing the robustness of the proposed scheme (e.g., plain text and gray images with diverse scales of white Gaussian noise).
online_appendix.html
Creators: name: Holz, Manuel
name: Mayerl, Jochen
name: Andersen, Henrik
name: Maskow, Britta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Online Appendix for the study: How does migration background affect COVID-19 vaccination intentions? A complex relationship between general attitudes, religiosity, acculturation and fears of infection. 
Additional file 1 of Making sense of DialysisConnect: a qualitative analysis of stakeholder viewpoints on a web-based information exchange platform to improve care transitions between dialysis clinics and hospitals
Creators: name: Vandenberg, Ann E.
name: Jaar, Bernard G.
name: James, Kyle P.
name: Lea, Janice
name: O’Donnell, Christopher
name: Masud, Tahsin
name: Mutell, Rich
name: Plantinga, Laura C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. DialysisConnect prototype: Slides extracted from video shown to focus group participants with private information redacted
Additional file 2 of Making sense of DialysisConnect: a qualitative analysis of stakeholder viewpoints on a web-based information exchange platform to improve care transitions between dialysis clinics and hospitals
Creators: name: Vandenberg, Ann E.
name: Jaar, Bernard G.
name: James, Kyle P.
name: Lea, Janice
name: O’Donnell, Christopher
name: Masud, Tahsin
name: Mutell, Rich
name: Plantinga, Laura C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table 1. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research 32-item checklist for DialysisConnect coherence study
Camera lucida : the moving image as evocative document : film form, film meaning and the grammatology of archival selection
Creators: name: Ljunggren, Rhonda L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the characteristics of moving image documents such as they pertain to the selection of films for archival preservation. It is advanced that both the physical nature of the film record and the nature of the evidence it presents are prime considerations in the development of archival selection criteria. Furthermore it is argued that the structure and content of film are interrelated factors which impact significantly upon the determination of archival value, and the suitability of the film record for permanent preservation. Finally, a major factor affecting selection involves accounting for the impact of film as a reflector and purveyor of popular culture. Given the powerful influence of film in moulding popular ideas, attitudes, and value systems, archival selection criteria must take into account film of all types if there is to be any future prospect of assessing the impact of film on society in a given period. The sources used for this study include the writings of historians and archivists concerning film as historical evidence and the archival selection thereof, as well as traditional film literature. The study proceeds from a consideration of the technical and structural aspects of film to a content-oriented discussion involving the reflective and influential nature of the moving image document. Archival selection is considered in terms of its necessity and justifiability with regard to the nature of the film record, and alternative modes of selection are investigated.
Origin of Rashba spin-splitting and strain tunability in ferroelectric bulk CsPbF$_3$
Creators: name: Bhumla, Preeti
name: Gill, Deepika
name: Sheoran, Sajjan
name: Bhattacharya, Saswata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in conjunction with broken inversion symmetry acts as a key ingredient for several intriguing quantum phenomena viz. persistent spin textures, topological surface states and Rashba-Dresselhaus (RD) effects. The coexistence of spontaneous polarization and the RD effect in ferroelectric materials enables the electrical control of spin degree of freedom. In light of this, we explore here the ferroelectric lead halide perovskite viz. CsPbF$_3$ as a potential candidate in the field of spintronics by employing state-of-the-art first-principles based methodologies viz. density functional theory (DFT) with semi-local and hybrid functional (HSE06) combined with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and many-body perturbation theory (G$_0$W$_0$). For a deeper understanding of the observed spin-splitting, we have analyzed the spin textures within the combined framework of DFT and $\textbf{k.p}$ model Hamiltonian. The latter confirms that there is no out of plane spin component indicating that the Rashba splitting dominates over Dresselhaus splitting in this system. Owing to the presence of Pb-6$p$ orbital in conduction band, the large value of Rashba coefficient ($α_R$) at conduction band minimum (CBm) is noticed in comparison to that of at the valence band maximum (VBM). Notably, we also observe that strength of Rashba spin-splitting can be substancially tuned on application of uniaxial strain ($\pm5\%$). This finding will further pave the path for perovskite-based spintronics devices.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures
On the volume functional of compact manifolds with boundary with constant scalar curvature
Creators: name: Miao, Pengzi
name: Tam, Luen-Fai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20; 58JXX

description: We study the volume functional on the space of constant scalar curvature metrics with a prescribed boundary metric. We derive a sufficient and necessary condition for a metric to be a critical point, and show that the only domains in space forms, on which the standard metrics are critical points, are geodesic balls. In the zero scalar curvature case, assuming the boundary can be isometrically embedded in the Euclidean space as a compact strictly convex hypersurface, we show that the volume of a critical point is always no less than the Euclidean volume bounded by the isometric embedding of the boundary, and the two volumes are equal if and only if the critical point is isometric to a standard Euclidean ball. We also derive a second variation formula and apply it to show that, on Euclidean balls and ''small'' hyperbolic and spherical balls in dimensions 3 to 5, the standard space form metrics are indeed saddle points for the volume functional.
Distributed Resilient Submodular Action Selection in Adversarial Environments
Creators: name: Liu, Jun
name: Zhou, Lifeng
name: Tokekar, Pratap
name: Williams, Ryan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter, we consider a distributed submodular maximization problem for multi-robot systems when attacked by adversaries. One of the major challenges for multi-robot systems is to increase resilience against failures or attacks. This is particularly important for distributed systems under attack as there is no central point of command that can detect, mitigate, and recover from attacks. Instead, a distributed multi-robot system must coordinate effectively to overcome adversarial attacks. In this work, our distributed submodular action selection problem models a broad set of scenarios where each robot in a multi-robot system has multiple action selections that may fulfill a global objective, such as exploration or target tracking. To increase resilience in this context, we propose a fully distributed algorithm to guide each robot's action selection when the system is attacked. The proposed algorithm guarantees performance in a worst-case scenario where up to a portion of the robots malfunction due to attacks. Importantly, the proposed algorithm is also consistent, as it is shown to converge to the same solution as a centralized method. Finally, a distributed resilient multi-robot exploration problem is presented to confirm the performance of the proposed algorithm.
Additional file 1 of Self-perceived workplace discrimination and mental health among immigrant workers in Italy: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Napoli, Anteo Di
name: Rossi, Alessandra
name: Baralla, Francesca
name: Ventura, Martina
name: Gatta, Rosaria
name: Perez, Monica
name: Sarchiapone, Marco
name: Mirisola, Concetta
name: Petrelli, Alessio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Path analysis model of relation of S-PWD on MCS mediated by psychophysical factors.
Observations of X-ray Flares from Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Falcone, A. D.
name: Morris, D.
name: Racusin, J.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Romano, P.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Pagani, C.
name: Stroh, M.
name: Grupe, D.
name: Campana, S.
name: Covino, S.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Gehrels, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift-XRT observations of the X-ray emission from gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and during the GRB afterglow have led to many new results during the past two years. One of these exciting results is that approximately 1/3-1/2 of GRBs contain detectable X-ray flares. The mean fluence of the X-ray flares is ~10 times less than that of the initial prompt emission, but in some cases the flare is as energetic as the prompt emission itself. The flares display fast rises and decays, and they sometimes occur at very late times relative to the prompt emission (sometimes as late as 10^5 s after T_0) with very high peak fluxes relative to the underlying afterglow decay that has clearly begun prior to some flares. The temporal and spectral properties of the flares are found to favor models in which flares arise due to the same GRB internal engine processes that spawned the prompt GRB emission. Therefore, both long and short GRB internal engine models must be capable of producing high fluences in the X-ray band at very late times.
description: Solicited paper to appear in Proceedings of Gamma Ray Bursts 2007 Meeting, Santa Fe, New Mexico; 6 pages, 4 figures
HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF UZBEK MUSIC  AND MAQOM ART
Creators: name: Murodova, S.Q.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article provides information about the historical development stages of Uzbek classical music and the art of status, its meaning. At the same time, the information about the music festivals held in our country, the importance of their works, the attention paid to the art of music and status, has been summarized.
Coherent Electron Scattering Captured by an Attosecond Quantum Stroboscope
Creators: name: Mauritsson, J.
name: Johnsson, P.
name: Gustafsson, E.
name: Swoboda, M.
name: Ruchon, T.
name: LHuillier, A.
name: Schafer, K. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic properties of atoms, molecules and solids are governed by electron dynamics which take place on extremely short time scales. To measure and control these dynamics therefore requires ultrafast sources of radiation combined with efficient detection techniques. The generation of extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond (1 as = 10-18 s) pulses has, for the first time, made direct measurements of electron dynamics possible. Nevertheless, while various applications of attosecond pulses have been demonstrated experimentally, no one has yet captured or controlled the full three dimensional motion of an electron on an attosecond time scale. Here we demonstrate an attosecond quantum stroboscope capable of guiding and imaging electron motion on a sub-femtosecond (1 fs = 10-15 s) time scale. It is based on a sequence of identical attosecond pulses which are synchronized with a guiding laser field. The pulse to pulse separation in the train is tailored to exactly match an optical cycle of the laser field and the electron momentum distributions are detected with a velocity map imaging spectrometer (VMIS). This technique has enabled us to guide ionized electrons back to their parent ion and image the scattering event. We envision that coherent electron scattering from atoms, molecules and surfaces captured by the attosecond quantum stroboscope will complement more traditional scattering techniques since it provides high temporal as well as spatial resolution.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures