cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Histamine and the stomach: chemical histamine assays
Creators: name: Lorenz, Wilfried
name: Thon, K.
name: Stöltzing, H.
name: Neugebauer, E.
name: Lindlar, R.
name: Sattler, J.
name: Weber, D.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Biological Assay
subject: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/standards
subject: Decision Trees
subject: Fluorometry/standards
subject: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/standards
subject: Gastric Mucosa/chemistry
subject: Histamine/analysis
subject: Humans
subject: Intestinal Mucosa/chemistry
subject: Meta-Analysis as Topic
subject: Peptic Ulcer/metabolism
subject: Radioimmunoassay/standards
subject: Sensitivity and Specificity

description: Histamine assays in gastroduodenal tissues and body fluids are not an absolute objective of scientific interest but are related to the role of histamine in health and disease. Hence, the reliability of histamine assays has to be assessed in relation to this aim. Sensitivity and specificity of the chemical histamine assays are similar in tissues and body fluids. The modern developments in a fluorometric-fluoroenzymatic assay guarantee the highest sensitivity and specificity, especially by tests that monitor specificity in each single run of histamine determinations. Precision and accuracy of histamine measurement were especially investigated for the fluorometric assay. They included tests on the coefficient of variation over the whole concentration range, long-term precision with double-sample standard control charts, comparison of several methods for histamine assay including bioassay, and long-term accuracy with the use of Cusum charts. Finally, appropriate sample preparation, sample-taking, relevant body fluids and tissues, and the right time for sample-taking were evaluated in extended methodologic studies. Histamine assays are not just methods for a normal routine laboratory. Extended knowledge about histamine release and metabolism will be necessary to analyse data in this particular field with reasonable validity.
Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya spin density by skew scattering
Creators: name: Cahaya, Adam B.
name: Leon, Alejandro O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropic exchange couplings, such as the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), have played a vital role in the formation and dynamics of spin textures. This work predicts an anisotropic conduction electron spin density in metals with heavy magnetic impurities. The polarization of this $Dzyaloshinskii$-$Moriya$ $spin$ $density$ (DM-SD) is not collinear to the localized magnetic moments but rotated by the spin-dependent skew scattering of heavy atoms. The DM-SD induces the DMI between magnetic moments in metals and, therefore, it is the anisotropic extension of the Rutherman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yoshida spin density. Our model consists of two localized magnetic moments, one with a large spin-orbit coupling (a lanthanide or rare earth), in a free electron gas. The lanthanide spin controls the DM-SD strength and polarization, promising a flexible control mechanism for anisotropic couplings.
Theoretical surgery: a new specialty in operative medicine
Creators: name: Lorenz, Wilfried
name: Rothmund, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Decision Support Techniques
subject: Decision Trees
subject: General Surgery/organization & administration
subject: Humans
subject: Medicine
subject: Meta-Analysis as Topic
subject: Specialization

description: Theoretical surgery is defined as a nonoperative decision analysis and clinical and basic research supporting system for surgery. It developed to meet the needs of academic surgeons to coordinate communication with basic science disciplines. This article summarizes the development of this idea at the University of Marburg where theoretical surgery has reached departmental and institutional proportions. Its objectives and methods are described. Central to its operation are permanent working teams of 2 clinical surgeons, 1 basic scientist (theoretical surgeon), 1-2 technicians, and 1-2 students focusing on one problem in a joint interdisciplinary manner. Decision analysis with classification methods and the creation of decision trees and algorithms are central to the operation of this experiment. Lessons learned from this academic experiment and the accomplishments during the past 20 years are summarized on 3 levels of efficacy: performance, changing strategies, and outcome.
On the existence of critical exponents for self-avoiding walks
Creators: name: Guttmann, Anthony J
name: Jensen, Iwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe some ideas of John Hammersley for proving the existence of critical exponents for two-dimensional self-avoiding walks and provide numerical evidence for their correctness.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Fibonacci Anyons From Abelian Bilayer Quantum Hall States
Creators: name: Vaezi, Abolhassan
name: Barkeshli, Maissam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of realizing non-Abelian statistics and utilizing it for topological quantum computation (TQC) has generated widespread interest. However, the non-Abelian statistics that can be realized in most accessible proposals is not powerful enough for universal TQC. In this paper, we consider a simple bilayer fractional quantum Hall (FQH) system with the $1/3$ Laughlin state in each layer. We show that interlayer tunneling can drive a transition to an exotic non-Abelian state that contains the famous `Fibonacci'anyon, whose non-Abelian statistics is powerful enough for universal TQC. Our analysis rests on startling agreements from a variety of distinct methods, including thin torus limits, effective field theories, and coupled wire constructions. We provide evidence that the transition can be continuous, at which point the charge gap remains open while the neutral gap closes. This raises the question of whether these exotic phases may have already been realized at $ν= 2/3$ in bilayers, as past experiments may not have definitively ruled them out.
description: 5+9 pages. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Topological Zero-Dimensional Defect and Flux States in Three-Dimensional Insulators
Creators: name: Schindler, Frank
name: Tsirkin, Stepan S.
name: Neupert, Titus
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: Wieder, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In insulating crystals, it was previously shown that defects with two fewer dimensions than the bulk can bind topological electronic states. We here further extend the classification of topological defect states by demonstrating that the corners of crystalline defects with integer Burgers vectors can bind 0D higher-order end (HEND) states with anomalous charge and spin. We demonstrate that HEND states are intrinsic topological consequences of the bulk electronic structure and introduce new bulk topological invariants that are predictive of HEND dislocation states in solid-state materials. We demonstrate the presence of first-order 0D defect states in PbTe monolayers and HEND states in 3D SnTe crystals. We relate our analysis to magnetic flux insertion in insulating crystals. We find that $π$-flux tubes in inversion- and time-reversal-symmetric (helical) higher-order topological insulators bind Kramers pairs of spin-charge-separated HEND states, which represent observable signatures of anomalous surface half quantum spin Hall states.
description: Final version, 23 pg main text + 76 pg appendix, 8 + 24 figures
Empathietraining in der Realschule
Creators: name: Rüttimann, Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
Empathie
Realschulklasse

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit aus dem Themenbereich der schulischen Heilpädagogik ist der Empathie gewidmet. In einer Realschulklasse wird im Zusammenhang mit den sozialen und emotionalen Kompetenzen die Empathiefähigkeit und das angemessene soziale Verhalten der Jugendlichen erforscht. Messungen fanden vor und nach einem selbst zusammengestellten Training zur Empathie statt, das aus neun Lektionen bestand. Das Ziel dieser schriftlichen Darlegung ist es, diese beiden Fähigkeitsaspekte bei den Jugendlichen zu fördern und die Antwort auf die Hauptforschungsfrage, wie Empathie als Teil der sozialen und emotionalen Kompetenzen in der Realschule durch gezieltes Empathietraining gefördert werden kann, zu finden. Um die Fragestellung zu beantworten und Ergebnisse zu erhalten, wurde eine quantitative Sozialforschung im Bereich der Aktionsforschung in einer ersten Realschulklasse nur mit männlichen Jugendlichen in St. Gallen durchgeführt. Dafür wurde das diagnostische Messinstrument ‹Fragebogen zur Erfassung von Empathie und angemessenem sozialem Verhalten› von Claudia Meindl (1999) verwendet und ein Empathietrainingsprogramm zusammengestellt. Die Auswertungen der quantitativen Studie zeigten, dass das bewältigte Empathietraining in der Realschulklasse, das mit dem deskriptiven Verfahren verarbeitet wurde, einen positiven Einfluss auf die Empathiefähigkeit und das angemessene soziale Verhalten der Jugendlichen hatte. Mit dem analytischen Verfahren der Mittelwertvergleiche der beiden Durchführungen des Fragebogens vor und nach dem Empathietraining konnte jedoch nichts Messbares nachgewiesen werden. In weiterführenden Forschungen im Bereich des Trainings von Empathie in der Oberstufe, insbesondere der Realschule, könnte der Einfluss der (Empathie-)Fähigkeiten der Lehrperson auf die Klasse untersucht werden. Weitere Möglichkeiten zur Forschung wären die Anwendung der Mixed-Methods in einer ähnlichen Arbeit, die Änderung des Messinstrumentes oder eine breiter angelegte qualitative Studie mit beiden Geschlechtern in St. Gallen oder schweizweit.
Incidence and clinical importance of perioperative histamine release: randomised study of volume loading and antihistamines after induction of anaesthesia
Creators: name: Lorenz, Wilfried
name: Duda, D.
name: Dick, W.
name: Sitter, H.
name: Doenicke, A.
name: Black, A.
name: Weber, Doris
name: Menke, H.
name: Stinner, B.
name: Junginger, T.
name: Trial Group, Mainz/Marburg
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adolescent
subject: Adult
subject: Aged
subject: Aged, 80 and over
subject: Anesthesia, General
subject: Cimetidine/therapeutic use
subject: Dimethindene/therapeutic use
subject: Double-Blind Method
subject: Female
subject: Hemodynamics/drug effects
subject: Histamine/blood
subject: Histamine Release/drug effects
subject: Humans
subject: Intraoperative Complications/prevention & control
subject: Male
subject: Middle Aged
subject: Polygeline/therapeutic use

description: Although histamine release is recognised as a common event during anaesthesia and surgery, few clinicians judge the resultant cardiorespiratory disturbances serious enough to warrant prophylaxis with antihistamines. We have assessed the incidence and importance of histamine release in a randomised 2 x 2 factorial study. 240 patients representing a routine throughput of major general surgery were studied during a standardised induction of anaesthesia and preoperative loading of the circulation with either Ringer solution or Haemaccel-35, with or without antihistamine prophylaxis with dimetindene (H1) plus cimetidine (H2). Cardiorespiratory disturbances were graded as detectable, clinically relevant, or life-threatening from observers' records of the anaesthesia and the actions taken by the anaesthetists. Disturbances that were accompanied by significant rises in plasma histamine were further designated histamine-related, and those that were not were designated histamine-unrelated. Anaesthetists, observers, and designators were blinded to whether or not the patients had received antihistamines and to which solution was used for circulatory volume loading. Clinically relevant or life-threatening histamine-related disturbances occurred in 8% of the patients who after induction of anaesthesia received Ringer without antihistamines, in 26% of those who received Haemaccel without antihistamines, and in 2% or less of those who received antihistamines (p < or = 0.0001). There were 4 life-threatening histamine-related disturbances, all in patients who received Haemaccel without antihistamines (p < 0.01). Histamine-unrelated disturbances occurred in 16% overall, with no obvious effect of Haemaccel or antihistamines. The histamine-related disturbances under anaesthesia were remarkable for their severity (even with small rises in histamine concentrations), for the prevalence of bradycardia, and for the absence of skin signs. Their likelihood and severity were increased in patients with tumours. The results of the trial make a case for routine prophylaxis with antihistamines as part of anaesthetic management.
New CuSO4-related high-temperature polymorph of AgIISO4
Creators: name: Domanski, Mateusz
name: Mazej, Zoran
name: Grochala, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silver(II) compounds exhibit powerful oxidizing properties and strong magnetic superexchange. AgSO4 is a rare fluorine-free salt of Ag(II) which found some application in organic chemistry. Here, we report a discovery of a new AgSO4 polymorph (\b{eta}). The distinct nature of the two polytypes of AgSO4 is established using powder x-ray diffraction, vibrational spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. The \b{eta} polymorph crystallizes in the monoclinic system (P21/n) and shows structural similarities with CuSO4. DFT calculations indicate very small differences in the energy of the two polymorphs AgSO4, but the relative stability of the \b{eta} polymorph should increase with temperature. The monoclinic distortion of the orthorhombic CuSO4 prototype originates from an unprecedented strong antiferromagnetic interaction between Ag sites along the unit cell diagonal.
description: 7 pages, 3 Tables, 6 Figures, and electronic supplement of 16 pages
Riemannian metrics on Lie groupoids
Creators: name: del Hoyo, Matias L.
name: Fernandes, Rui Loja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A22, 58H05

description: We introduce a notion of metric on a Lie groupoid, compatible with multiplication, and we study its properties. We show that many families of Lie groupoids admit such metrics, including the important class of proper Lie groupoids. The exponential map of these metrics allow us to establish a Linearization Theorem for Riemannian groupoids, obtaining both a simpler proof and a stronger version of the Weinstein-Zung Linearization Theorem for proper Lie groupoids. This new notion of metric has a simplicial nature which will be explored in future papers of this series.
description: 29 pages; Final version accepted for publication in Journal f\"ur die reine und angewandte Mathematik (Crelle)
Opportunistic hip fracture risk prediction in Men from X-ray: Findings from the Osteoporosis in Men (MrOS) Study
Creators: name: Schmarje, Lars
name: Reinhold, Stefan
name: Damm, Timo
name: Orwoll, Eric
name: Glüer, Claus-C.
name: Koch, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Osteoporosis is a common disease that increases fracture risk. Hip fractures, especially in elderly people, lead to increased morbidity, decreased quality of life and increased mortality. Being a silent disease before fracture, osteoporosis often remains undiagnosed and untreated. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold-standard method for osteoporosis diagnosis and hence also for future fracture prediction (prognostic). However, the required special equipment is not broadly available everywhere, in particular not to patients in developing countries. We propose a deep learning classification model (FORM) that can directly predict hip fracture risk from either plain radiographs (X-ray) or 2D projection images of computed tomography (CT) data. Our method is fully automated and therefore well suited for opportunistic screening settings, identifying high risk patients in a broader population without additional screening. FORM was trained and evaluated on X-rays and CT projections from the Osteoporosis in Men (MrOS) study. 3108 X-rays (89 incident hip fractures) or 2150 CTs (80 incident hip fractures) with a 80/20 split were used. We show that FORM can correctly predict the 10-year hip fracture risk with a validation AUC of 81.44 +- 3.11% / 81.04 +- 5.54% (mean +- STD) including additional information like age, BMI, fall history and health background across a 5-fold cross validation on the X-ray and CT cohort, respectively. Our approach significantly (p < 0.01) outperforms previous methods like Cox Proportional-Hazards Model and \frax with 70.19 +- 6.58 and 74.72 +- 7.21 respectively on the X-ray cohort. Our model outperform on both cohorts hip aBMD based predictions. We are confident that FORM can contribute on improving osteoporosis diagnosis at an early stage.
description: Oral Presentation at MICCAI 2022 Workshop (PRIME), Considered for best paper award Predictive Intelligence in Medicine. PRIME 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13564
Loricophrya Matthes 1956
Creators: name: Sergeeva, Nelli
name: Dovgal, Igor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Ciliophora
Phyllopharyngea
Paracinetida
Loricophryidae
Loricophrya

description: Genus Loricophrya Matthes, 1956
 Freshwater, marine and soil suctorians with the stylotheca. The stalk-like protuberance of the stylotheca is shorter than the lorica itself and may absent. The cell body spherical or ellipsoid. Macronucleus spherical or elongated. Several clavate tentacles are arranged at the apical surface of the body. Reproduction by exogemmy with formation of a single apical protomite. Swarmer oval with longitudinal ciliary rows and tentacles. Type species: Thecacineta parva Schulz, 1932.
description: Published as part of Sergeeva, Nelli & Dovgal, Igor, 2016, Loricophrya bosporica n. sp. (Ciliophora, Suctorea) epibiont of Desmoscolex minutus (Nematoda, Desmoscolecida) from oxic / anoxic boundary of the Black Sea Istanbul Strait's outlet area, pp. 596-600 in Zootaxa 4061 (5) on page 596, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4061.5.9, http://zenodo.org/record/263640
Enhanced nonlinear optomechanics in a coupled-mode photonic crystal device
Creators: name: Burgwal, Roel
name: Verhagen, Ewold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear component of the optomechanical interaction between light and mechanical vibration promises many exciting classical and quantum mechanical applications, but is generally weak. Here we demonstrate enhancement of nonlinear optomechanical measurement of mechanical motion by using pairs of coupled optical and mechanical modes in a photonic crystal device. In the same device we show linear optomechanical measurement with a strongly reduced input power and reveal how both enhancements are related. Our design exploits anisotropic mechanical elasticity to create strong coupling between mechanical modes while not changing optical properties. Additional thermo-optic tuning of the optical modes is performed with an auxiliary laser and a thermally-optimised device design. We envision broad use of this enhancement scheme in multimode phonon lasing, two-phonon heralding and eventually nonlinear quantum optomechanics.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Searching for a dipole modulation in the large-scale structure of the Universe
Creators: name: Fernández-Cobos, R.
name: Vielva, P.
name: Pietrobon, D.
name: Balbi, A.
name: Martínez-González, E.
name: Barreiro, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several statistical anomalies in the CMB temperature anisotropies seem to defy the assumption of a homogeneous and isotropic universe. In particular, a dipole modulation has been detected both in WMAP and Planck data. We adapt the methodology proposed by Eriksen et al. (2007) on CMB data to galaxy surveys, tracing the large-scale structure. We analyse the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) data at a resolution of ~2 degrees for three different flux thresholds: 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mJy respectively. No evidence of a dipole modulation is found. This result suggests that the origin of the dipole asymmetry found in the CMB cannot be assigned to secondary anisotropies produced at redshifts around z = 1. However, it could still have been generated at redshifts higher or lower, such as the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect produced by the local structures. Other all-sky surveys, like the infrared WISE catalogue, could help to explore with a high sensitivity a redshift interval closer than the one probed with NVSS.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Some minor changes have been done from the original manuscript. This paper is accepted by MNRAS
Time sequence of histamine release and formation in rat endotoxic shock
Creators: name: Neugebauer, E.
name: Rixen, D.
name: Garcia-Caballero, M.
name: Scheid, B.
name: Lorenz, Wilfried
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Disease Models, Animal
subject: Female
subject: Histamine/biosynthesis
subject: Histamine Release/physiology
subject: Histidine Decarboxylase/metabolism
subject: Kinetics
subject: Rats
subject: Rats, Sprague-Dawley
subject: Shock, Septic/physiopathology
subject: Tissue Distribution

description: Increased histamine release and formation (induced histamine) are two hypotheses considered in the pathogenesis of endotoxic shock development. To prove both hypotheses a sequence of four randomized controlled studies in rats was performed. Histamine release was measured indirectly as a decrease in tissue-histamine contents (lung, liver, spleen, stomach); histamine formation was estimated directly as an increase in histidine decarboxylase (HDC) activity in the same organs. Changes in contents and enzymatic activities were determined 4 and 8 h after shock induction; in addition, at the time of death, the activity of HDC was measured in heart, kidney, and small intestine. 4 h after shock induction, there was a significant decrease in the tissue-histamine content as measured only in the liver, with the same trend in lung and spleen. 8 h after endotoxin application, however, histamine concentration increased in the liver (significantly p < .05) and lung compared to the NaCl control group. The manifestation of changes in HDC activity in various organs was selective (i.e., not all organs showed alterations), not uniform (decreased as well as increased activities were measured), and time-dependent (no increase in HDC activity in animals dying at > 20 h). At 4 and 8 h, only the liver showed a strong increase in HDC activity which can explain the increase in histamine content. In lung, spleen, and stomach, a significant decrease occurred. The results on histamine release and formation let us conclude that histamine is involved in the pathogenesis of endotoxic shock development.
Finite real multiple zeta values generate the whole space $Z$
Creators: name: Yasuda, Seidai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M32 (Primary), 05A19 (Secondary)

description: We prove that the $\mathbb{Q}$-vector space generated by the multiple zeta values is generated by the finite real multiple zeta values introduced by Kaneko and Zagier.
description: 19 pages, no figure
Role of the edges in a quasicrystalline Haldane model
Creators: name: Traverso, Simone
name: Sassetti, Maura
name: Ziani, Niccolò Traverso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the role of the edges in determining the features of the topological phase in a quasicrystalline higher order topological insulator. We consider a specific model consisting of two stacked Haldane models with opposite Chern number and a $30^\circ$ twist, whose structure is crystallographically equivalent to that of the graphene quasicrystal. We find that the gap-opening in the low energy spectrum of the higher order topological insulator occurs at different energies when different kinds of edges are considered. Crucially, bearded bonds appear to be necessary for the gap to appear close to the charge neutrality point. In the more realistic case of zigzag edges, the gap opens symmetrically in the electron and hole sectors, away from zero energy. We explain our findings by inspecting the edge-bands of the decoupled bilayer, in the approximation of quasi-periodicity.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Super duality and Crystal bases for quantum orthosymplectic superalgebras II
Creators: name: Kwon, Jae-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37

description: Let $\mathcal{O}^{int}_q(m|n)$ be a semisimple tensor category of modules over a quantum ortho-symplectic superalgebra of type $B, C, D$ introduced in the author's previous work. It is a natural counterpart of the category of finitely dominated integrable modules over a quantum group of type $B, C, D$ from a viewpoint of super duality. Continuing the previous work on type $B$ and $C$, we classify the irreducible modules in $\mathcal{O}^{int}_q(m|n)$, and prove the existence and uniqueness of their crystal bases in case of type $D$. A new combinatorial model of classical crystals of type $D$ is introduced, whose super analogue gives a realization of crystals for the highest weight modules in $\mathcal{O}^{int}_q(m|n)$.
description: 37 pages with a minor revision on v1 and v2. Some figures have been added
Alternative Lernorte ein ethnografischer Vergleich
Creators: name: Schneider, Tobias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
alternative Lernorte

description: Neben einem professionell geführten Classroom Management werden in unseren Schulen aktuell alternative Lernorte eingerichtet. Diese werden beispielsweise „Trainingsraum“, „Lerninsel“, „Update“, „Schulinsel“ oder „Förderzentrum“ genannt. Damit wird versucht, den Wünschen vieler Lehrpersonen nach Entlastung, einem flexiblen Umgang mit den vorhandenen Ressourcen der integrativen Förderung und nach Erweiterung der pädagogischen Handlungsmöglichkeiten im Umgang mit Kindern mit besonderem Förderbedarf entgegenzukommen. Können diese Bedürfnisse mit einem alternativen Lernort erfüllt werden? Wenn ja, was braucht es für ein gutes Gelingen? Können alternative Lernorte darüber hinaus die Wirksamkeit der Schulischen Heilpädagogen in unseren Schulen fördern, indem ihnen Räume zugewiesen werden, die sie gewinnbringend pädagogisch strukturieren können? Kann dadurch ein echter Mehrwert entstehen und inwiefern werden dadurch Klassenlehrpersonen, einzelne Schülerinnen und Schüler sowie ganze Klassen entlastet? Oder entsteht durch diese institutionalisierte Form des Verweises aus der Klasse ein DepotEffekt, der das Ziel der Integration in weite Ferne rückt, weil damit die Probleme nicht mehr im Kontext ihrer Entstehung gelöst werden müssen, sondern einfach weitergegeben werden können? In dieser Arbeit werden zwei verschiedene alternative Lernorte an Ostschweizer Oberstufenschulen beschrieben und kontrastiert. Die teilnehmenden Beobachtungen werden analysiert und diskutiert, wobei der Fokus auf den pädagogischen Prozessen und auf den Funktionen liegt, die ein alternativer Lernort übernimmt. Zudem geht es um die Frage, in welchem Zusammenhang bestimmte Strukturmerkmale eines alternativen Lernortes mit der darin realisierten Pädagogik und Arbeitsteilung stehen. Mit dieser Forschung werden Erfahrungswerte gesammelt, die zukünftig im Zusammenhang mit der Institutionalisierung alternativer Lernorte genutzt werden können. Die herausgearbeiteten Gelingensbedingungen können dazu beitragen, in vergleichbaren Kontexten alternative Lernorte aufzubauen oder zu verbessern.
On the spectra of quenched random perturbations of partially expanding maps on the torus
Creators: name: Nakano, Yushi
name: Wittsten, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C30 (primary), 37D30, 37H99, 58J40 (secondary)

description: We consider quenched random perturbations of skew products of rotations on the unit circle over uniformly expanding maps on the unit circle. It is known that if the skew product satisfies a certain condition (shown to be generic in the case of linear expanding maps), then the transfer operator of the skew product has a spectral gap. Using semiclassical analysis we show that the spectral gap is preserved under small random perturbations. This implies exponential decay of quenched random correlation functions for smooth observables at small noise levels.
description: Changed title, updated introduction and added references, reorganized the paper, added sections 3.2 and 4.1, and strengthened the main result (Theorem 1.6)
Finding smart contract vulnerabilities with ConCert's property-based testing framework
Creators: name: Milo, Mikkel
name: Nielsen, Eske Hoy
name: Annenkov, Danil
name: Spitters, Bas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide three detailed case studies of vulnerabilities in smart contracts, and show how property-based testing would have found them: 1. the Dexter1 token exchange; 2. the iToken; 3. the ICO of Brave's BAT token. The last example is, in fact, new, and was missed in the auditing process. We have implemented this testing in ConCert, a general executable model/specification of smart contract execution in the Coq proof assistant. ConCert contracts can be used to generate verified smart contracts in Tezos' LIGO and Concordium's rust language. We thus show the effectiveness of combining formal verification and property-based testing of smart contracts.
Dissociation of dark matter and gas in cosmic large-scale structure
Creators: name: McDonald, William
name: Obreschkow, Danail
name: Garratt-Smithson, Lilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The partial spatial separation of cold dark matter (DM) and gas is a ubiquitous feature in the formation of cosmic large-scale structure. This separation, termed dissociation, is prominent in galaxy clusters that formed through collisions of massive progenitors, such as the famous `Bullet' cluster. A direct comparison of the incidence of such dissociated structures with theoretical predictions is challenged by the rarity of strongly dissociated systems and the difficulty to quantify dissociation. This paper introduces a well-defined dimensionless dissociation index $S\in[-1,1]$ that encodes the quadrupole difference between DM and gas in a custom region. Using a simulation of cosmic large-scale structure with cold DM and ideal non-radiating gas, in $Λ$CDM cosmology, we find that 90 per cent of the haloes are positively dissociated ($S>0$), meaning their DM is more elongated than their gas. The spatial density of highly dissociated massive structures appears consistent with observations. Through idealised $N$-body+SPH simulations of colliding gaseous DM haloes, we further explore the details of how ram-pressure causes dissociation in binary collisions. A suite of 300 such simulations reveals a scale-free relation between the orbital parameters of binary collisions and the resulting dissociation. Building on this relation, we conclude that the frequency of dissociated structures in non-radiative cosmological simulations is nearly fully accounted for by the major (mass ratio $>1:10$) binary collisions predicted by such simulations. In principle, our results allow us to constrain the orbital parameters that produced specific observed dissociated clusters.
description: 20 pages, 24 figures. This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) following peer review
The blazar TXS 0506+056 associated with a high-energy neutrino: MAGIC VHE observations and multi-messenger implications
Creators: name: Bernardini, Elisa
name: Bhattacharyya, Wrijupan
name: Satalecka, Konstancja
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: TeV Particle Astrophysics conference, Berlin, Germany, 27 Aug 2018 - 31 Aug 2018
description: A neutrino with energy of ∼ 290 TeV, IceCube-170922A, was detected in coincidence with the BLLac  object  TXS  0506+056  during  enhanced  gamma-ray  activity,  with  chance  coincidence  being  rejected at ∼3σ level.  We monitored the object in the very-high-energy (VHE) band with the MAGIC telescopes for∼41 hours from 1.3 to 40.4 days after the neutrino detection.  Day-timescale variability is clearly resolved.  We interpret the quasi-simultaneous neutrino and broadband electromagnetic observations with a novel one-zone lepto-hadronic model, based on interactions of electrons and protons  co-accelerated  in  the  jet  with  external  photons  originating  from  a  slow-moving  plasma  sheath surrounding  the  faster  jet  spine.   We  can  reproduce  the  multiwavelength  spectra  of  TXS  0506+056 with neutrino rate and energy compatible with IceCube-170922A, and with plausible values for the jet power of ∼$10^{45} − 4 × 10^{46} erg s^{−1}$.  The steep spectrum observed by MAGIC is concordant with internal $γγ$ absorption above a few tens of GeV entailed by photohadronic production of a ∼ 290 TeV neutrino, corroborating a genuine connection between the multi-messenger signals.  In contrast to previous predictions of predominantly hadronic emission from neutrino sources, the gamma-rays can be mostly ascribed to inverse Compton up scattering of external photons by accelerated electrons.  The X-ray and VHE bands provide crucial constraints on the emission from both accelerated electrons andprotons.  We infer that the maximum energy of protons in the jet co-moving frame can be in the range ∼ $10^{14}$ to $10^{18}$ eV.
Was brauchen die heranreifenden Äpfel? Die «Zone der nächsten Entwicklung» nach Lew Wygotski in der Spiel- und Lernbegleitung
Creators: name: Hartmann, Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Masterarbeit
ZNE
Lew Wygotski

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem ko-konstruktivistischen Ansatz der «Zone der nächsten Entwicklung» (ZNE), die vom russischen Psychologen Lew Wygotski entwickelt wurde. Im Spiel lernt das junge Kind, erfasst und entdeckt Zusammenhänge, baut seine sprachlichen, sozialen und emotionalen Fähigkeiten aus. Das Spiel ist das zentrale Element für das Lernen im Zyklus 1. Dadurch stellt sich die Frage nach einer professionellen Spiel- und Lernbegleitung. Die ZNE geht von den bestehenden und den sich anbahnenden Fähigkeiten des Kindes aus. Im Konzept wird darauf geachtet, dass eine Über- und Unterforderung vermieden wird. Somit basiert die ZNE auf einem zutiefst heilpädagogischen Verständnis. In dieser Arbeit wird mit einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse und Interviews der Frage nachgegangen, welche Rolle der Ansatz der ZNE in der Spiel- und Lernbegleitung spielt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen auf, dass die ZNE in den letzten Jahren enorm an Bedeutung gewonnen hat. In der Praxis wird jedoch oft noch der Ansatz der «Selbstbildung» gelebt.
Learning Stationary Correlated Equilibria in Constrained General-Sum Stochastic Games
Creators: name: Hakami, Vesal
name: Dehghan, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study constrained general-sum stochastic games with unknown Markovian dynamics. A distributed constrained no-regret Q-learning scheme (CNRQ) is presented to guarantee convergence to the set of stationary correlated equilibria of the game. Prior art addresses the unconstrained case only, is structured with nested control loops, and has no convergence result. CNRQ is cast as a single-loop three-timescale asynchronous stochastic approximation algorithm with set-valued update increments. A rigorous convergence analysis with differential inclusion arguments is given which draws on recent extensions of the theory of stochastic approximation to the case of asynchronous recursive inclusions with set-valued mean fields. Numerical results are given for the exemplary application of CNRQ to decentralized resource control in heterogeneous wireless networks (HetNets).
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables in IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, Vol. XX, No. XX, 2015
Evaluation of liquefaction potential by energy-based and stress-based methods and gene expressing programming (case study: Tabriz city)
Creators: name: Sahebkaram Alamdari, Armin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400502
subject: Civil geotechnical engineering
classificationCode: 400506
subject: Earthquake engineering

description: Liquefaction in soil layers is a vital factor that intensifies earthquake damages. During an earthquake, liquefaction is likely to take place due to the existence of water in the loose layers of granular soils. As a result, assessing the soil liquefaction risk is of significance in highly seismic-prone zones as it can help put in place arrangements to stabilize the soil and lessen liquefaction risk. Tabriz, in the North-West of Iran, stretches over the North Tabriz Fault and has suffered several devastating earthquakes, making it one of the most seismically active regions throughout the Iranian Plateau. This study compares the evaluation process and the results of two methods based on stress and energy proposed. Applying the two approaches based on the data collected from different areas around Tabriz, a liquefaction zoning map has been presented. Eventually, based on the evaluated liquefaction potential using the stated methods and adopting the gene expression programming (GEP) approach, some equations have been presented to estimate the liquefaction potential for the case study. The predictions of the presented models were consistent with the findings of experimental methods, demonstrating appropriate statistical measures.
Generalized Matter Parities from Finite Modular Symmetries
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Nishimura, Satsuki
name: Otsuka, Hajime
name: Tanimoto, Morimitsu
name: Yamamoto, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We classify a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model by discrete symmetries originating from finite modular symmetries $Γ_N$. Since all the couplings in supersymmetric theories of finite modular symmetries $Γ_N$ are described by holomorphic modular forms with even modular weights, renormalizable and non-renormalizable operators such as baryon- and/or lepton-number violating operators are severely constrained. From the modular transformation of matter multiplets with modular weight $1/M$, we find $\mathbb{Z}_{2M}$ symmetries, including the generalized baryon and lepton parities, $R$-parity, $\mathbb{Z}_3$ baryon triality and $\mathbb{Z}_6$ proton hexality. Such $\mathbb{Z}_{2M}$ symmetries are enlarged to $\mathbb{Z}_{2M} \rtimes \mathbb{Z}_2^{\text{CP}}$ symmetries together with the CP transformation.
description: 23 pagess, v2: published version
The potential of microcalorimeter x-ray spectrometers for measurement of relative fluorescence-line intensities
Creators: name: Fowler, J. W.
name: Miaja-Avila, L.
name: O'Neil, G. C.
name: Ullom, J. N.
name: Whitelock, H.
name: Swetz, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have previously used an array of cryogenic microcalorimeters with 4 eV energy resolution to measure emission-line profiles and energies of the characteristic L-shell x rays of four elements of the lanthanide series: praseodymium, neodymium, terbium, and holmium. We consider the power of the same data set for the estimation of the lines' relative intensities. Intensities must be corrected for detector efficiency and self-absorption, and we estimate uncertainties on the corrections. These data represent one of the first uses of cryogenic energy-dispersive sensors to estimate the relative intensities of x-ray fluorescence lines. They show that a future measurement of thin-film samples with microcalorimeter detectors could achieve systematic uncertainties below 1% on relative line intensities over a broad energy range.
description: Submitted to Radiation Physics & Chemistry, special issue on x-ray fundamental parameters
Non-Abelian topological insulators from an array of quantum wires
Creators: name: Sagi, Eran
name: Oreg, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a construction of a large class of topological states using an array of quantum wires. First, we show how to construct a Chern insulator using an array of alternating wires that contain electrons and holes, correlated with an alternating magnetic field. This is supported by semi-classical arguments and a full quantum mechanical treatment of an analogous tight-binding model. We then show how electron-electron interactions can stabilize fractional Chern insulators (Abelian and non-Abelian). In particular, we construct a relatively stable non-Abelian $\mathbb{Z}_{3}$ parafermion state. Our construction is generalized to wires with alternating spin-orbit couplings, which give rise to integer and fractional (Abelian and non-Abelian) topological insulators. The states we construct are effectively two-dimensional, and are therefore less sensitive to disorder than one-dimensional systems. The possibility of experimental realization of our construction is addressed.
Ethical HelpDesk Report v2
Creators: name: Doukas George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ethics
Data Processing

description: The Ethics Helpdesk scrutinizes the research, to guarantee that no undue risk for the user, whether technically, nor related to the breach of privacy, is possible. Thus, the Consortium shall implement the research project in full respect of the legal and ethical national requirements and code of practice. The purpose of this document is to report the ethical issues or any other complications that arose from the beginning of SPHINX implementation to date and how these were treated. The document focuses on three ethical issues: the processing of personal data, the discovery of incidental findings and the misuse of research findings which were highlighted in D 1.10 (2019).
Control of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov States through a Bosonic Mode
Creators: name: Müller, Helene
name: Eckstein, Martin
name: Kusminskiy, Silvia Viola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of a bosonic degree of freedom on Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states emerging from a magnetic impurity in a conventional superconductor. Starting from the Anderson impurity model, we predict that an additional p-wave conduction band channel opens up if a bosonic mode is coupled to the tunnelling between impurity and host, which implies an additional pair of odd-parity YSR states. The bosonic mode can be a vibrational mode or the electromagnetic field in a cavity. The exchange couplings in the two channels depend sensitively on the state of the bosonic mode (ground state, few quanta or classically driven Floquet state), which opens possibilities for phononics or photonics control of such systems, with a rich variety of ground and excited states.
Isospin-breaking effects in the two-pion contribution to hadronic vacuum polarization
Creators: name: Colangelo, Gilberto
name: Hoferichter, Martin
name: Kubis, Bastian
name: Stoffer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isospin-breaking (IB) effects in the two-pion contribution to hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) can be resonantly enhanced, if related to the interference of the $ρ(770)$ and $ω(782)$ resonances. This particular IB contribution to the pion vector form factor and thus the line shape in $e^+e^-\to π^+π^-$ can be described by the residue at the $ω$ pole - the $ρ$-$ω$ mixing parameter $ε_ω$. Here, we argue that while in general analyticity requires this parameter to be real, the radiative channels $π^0γ$, $ππγ$, $ηγ$ can induce a small phase, whose size we estimate as $δ_ε=3.5(1.0)^\circ$ by using a narrow-width approximation for the intermediate-state vector mesons. We then perform fits to the $e^+e^-\to π^+π^-$ data base and study the consequences for the two-pion HVP contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, its IB part due to $ρ$-$ω$ mixing, and the mass of the $ω$ resonance. We find that the global fit does prefer a non-vanishing value of $δ_ε=4.5(1.2)^\circ$, close to the narrow-resonance expectation, but with a large spread among the data sets, indicating systematic differences in the $ρ$-$ω$ region.
description: 18 pages; journal version