cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Sigma-8 Tension is a Drag
Creators: name: Poulin, Vivian
name: Bernal, José Luis
name: Kovetz, Ely
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of weak gravitational lensing at low redshifts ($z\lesssim 0.5-1$), quantified by the parameter $S_8$, favor weaker matter clustering than that expected from the standard $Λ$CDM cosmological model with parameters determined by cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements. However, the amplitude of matter clustering at higher redshifts, as probed by lensing of the CMB, is consistent with $Λ$CDM. This apparent paradox suggests a connection between the $S_8$ tension and the transition from matter to dark-energy domination. Here we show that the tension can be resolved by introducing a friction between dark matter and dark energy without altering the tightly constrained expansion history. The low-$S_8$ measurements favor (at $\gtrsim3σ$, in this one parameter model) a non-zero drag leading to a suppression of low-redshift power right around the transition from matter to dark-energy domination. We suggest ways to further probe the scenario.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Comments welcome! v2: published in PRD. updated to match publish version. Added a new section with an analysis where the DE equation of state is let free to vary. Main conclusions unaffected
From Requirements to Architecture: An AI-Based Journey to Semi-Automatically Generate Software Architectures
Creators: name: Eisenreich, Tobias
name: Speth, Sandro
name: Wagner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.2

description: Designing domain models and software architectures represents a significant challenge in software development, as the resulting architectures play a vital role in fulfilling the system's quality of service. Due to time pressure, architects often model only one architecture based on their known limited domain understanding, patterns, and experience instead of thoroughly analyzing the domain and evaluating multiple candidates, selecting the best fitting. Existing approaches try to generate domain models based on requirements, but still require time-consuming manual effort to achieve good results. Therefore, in this vision paper, we propose a method to generate software architecture candidates semi-automatically based on requirements using artificial intelligence techniques. We further envision an automatic evaluation and trade-off analysis of the generated architecture candidates using, e.g., the architecture trade-off analysis method combined with large language models and quantitative analyses. To evaluate this approach, we aim to analyze the quality of the generated architecture models and the efficiency and effectiveness of our proposed process by conducting qualitative studies.
description: 4 pages, vision paper, submitted to the ICSE workshop Designing2024
Size biased couplings and the spectral gap for random regular graphs
Creators: name: Cook, Nicholas A.
name: Goldstein, Larry
name: Johnson, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80, 60B20, 60E15

description: Let $λ$ be the second largest eigenvalue in absolute value of a uniform random $d$-regular graph on $n$ vertices. It was famously conjectured by Alon and proved by Friedman that if $d$ is fixed independent of $n$, then $λ=2\sqrt{d-1} +o(1)$ with high probability. In the present work we show that $λ=O(\sqrt{d})$ continues to hold with high probability as long as $d=O(n^{2/3})$, making progress towards a conjecture of Vu that the bound holds for all $1\le d\le n/2$. Prior to this work the best result was obtained by Broder, Frieze, Suen and Upfal (1999) using the configuration model, which hits a barrier at $d=o(n^{1/2})$. We are able to go beyond this barrier by proving concentration of measure results directly for the uniform distribution on $d$-regular graphs. These come as consequences of advances we make in the theory of concentration by size biased couplings. Specifically, we obtain Bennett-type tail estimates for random variables admitting certain unbounded size biased couplings.
description: 41 pages; small changes in response to referees' comments; to appear in the Annals of Probability
Impact Evaluation of the Nuffield Early Language Intervention (NELI) Wave 2
Creators: name: Sahasranaman, Aarti
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Impact evaluation
subject: Early Years
subject: Nuffield Early Language Intervention
subject: LanguageScreen
subject: Oral Language
subject: NELI
subject: Scale-up evaluation

description: This quasi-experimental study is an impact evaluation of the Nuffield Early Language Intervention (NELI), an evidence-based oral language intervention targeting reception-age pupils with weak oral language skills. While previous trials have demonstrated that children receiving NELI make three additional months’ progress in language skills, our evaluation aims to assess the impact of NELI when delivered at scale. Using Regression Discontinuity Design, pupils who receive NELI will be compared to similar pupils who do not receive NELI. The primary outcome will be pupils’ oral language skills measured by the LanguageScreen standard score. We will also explore the impact of implementation outcomes and the impact for pupils with FSM eligibility, English as an additional language (EAL) and Special Education Needs (SEN).
Honor of Kings Arena: an Environment for Generalization in Competitive Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Wei, Hua
name: Chen, Jingxiao
name: Ji, Xiyang
name: Qin, Hongyang
name: Deng, Minwen
name: Li, Siqin
name: Wang, Liang
name: Zhang, Weinan
name: Yu, Yong
name: Liu, Lin
name: Huang, Lanxiao
name: Ye, Deheng
name: Fu, Qiang
name: Yang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces Honor of Kings Arena, a reinforcement learning (RL) environment based on Honor of Kings, one of the world's most popular games at present. Compared to other environments studied in most previous work, ours presents new generalization challenges for competitive reinforcement learning. It is a multi-agent problem with one agent competing against its opponent; and it requires the generalization ability as it has diverse targets to control and diverse opponents to compete with. We describe the observation, action, and reward specifications for the Honor of Kings domain and provide an open-source Python-based interface for communicating with the game engine. We provide twenty target heroes with a variety of tasks in Honor of Kings Arena and present initial baseline results for RL-based methods with feasible computing resources. Finally, we showcase the generalization challenges imposed by Honor of Kings Arena and possible remedies to the challenges. All of the software, including the environment-class, are publicly available at https://github.com/tencent-ailab/hok_env . The documentation is available at https://aiarena.tencent.com/hok/doc/ .
description: Accepted by NeurIPS 2022
The resource theory of nonclassicality of channel assemblages
Creators: name: Zjawin, Beata
name: Schmid, David
name: Hoban, Matty J.
name: Sainz, Ana Belén
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When two parties, Alice and Bob, share correlated quantum systems and Alice performs local measurements, Alice's updated description of Bob's state can provide evidence of nonclassical correlations. This simple scenario, famously introduced by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR), can be modified by allowing Bob to also have a classical or quantum system as an input. In this case, Alice updates her knowledge of the channel (rather than of a state) in Bob's lab. In this paper, we provide a unified framework for studying the nonclassicality of various such generalizations of the EPR scenario. We do so using a resource theory wherein the free operations are local operations and shared randomness (LOSR). We derive a semidefinite program for studying the pre-order of EPR resources and discover possible conversions between the latter. Moreover, we study conversions between post-quantum resources both analytically and numerically.
description: V2 changes: Accepted by Quantum, bibliography hyperlinks adjusted according to journal policy, small changes in text
Appraisals, perceived dyadic communication, and quality of life over time among couples coping with prostate cancer
Creators: name: Ellis, Katrina R.
name: Song, Lixin
name: Rini, Christine
name: Northouse, Laurel L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Little research has examined how prostate cancer patients’ and their spouses’ appraisals of illness and quality of life (QOL) interact with one another. This study examined the interdependent relationships between their appraisals of illness and QOL, and if their perceived dyadic communication mediated these relationships.
महिषासुर शहादत दिवस के अवसर पर इंटरनेट पर प्रसारित बैनर [Banner circulated on internet on the occasion of Mahishasur Martyrdom Day]
Creators: name: Unknown
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Caste
subject: Indigenous peoples--Social life and customs
subject: mahishasura martyrdom day
subject: Mahishasura myth and tradations
subject: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/796665
subject: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1006006
subject: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/899573
subject: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/969152
subject: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/885099
subject: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/834146

description: महिषासुर शहादत दिवस पर सोशल मीडिया में अनेक बैनर प्रसारित किए जाते हैं। यहां दिए गए बैनर उन्हीं में से चुने गए हैं।
Gate-tunable Memristive Phenonmena Mediated by Grain Boundaries in Single Layer MoS2
Creators: name: Sangwan, V. K.
name: Jariwala, D.
name: Kim, I. S.
name: Chen, K. -S.
name: Marks, T. J.
name: Lauhon, L. J.
name: Hersam, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continued progress in high speed computing depends on breakthroughs in both materials synthesis and device architectures. The performance of logic and memory can be enhanced significantly by introducing a memristor, a two terminal device with internal resistance that depends on the history of the external bias voltage. State of the art memristors, based on metal insulator metal (MIM) structures with insulating oxides, such as TiO2, are limited by a lack of control over the filament formation and external control of the switching voltage. Here, we report a class of memristors based on grain boundaries (GBs) in single-layer MoS2 devices. Specifically, the resistance of GBs emerging from contacts can be easily and repeatedly modulated, with switching ratios up to 1000 and a dynamic negative differential resistance (NDR). Furthermore, the atomically thin nature of MoS2 enables tuning of the set voltage by a third gate terminal in a field-effect geometry, which provides new functionality that is not observed in other known memristive devices.
Theoretical investigations on Kerr and Faraday rotations in topological multi-Weyl Semimetals
Creators: name: Ghosh, Supriyo
name: Sahoo, Ambaresh
name: Nandy, Snehasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent proposal of giant Kerr rotation in WSMs, we investigate the Kerr and Faraday rotations in time-reversal broken multi-Weyl semimetals (mWSMs) in the absence of an external magnetic field. Using the framework of Kubo response theory, we find that both the longitudinal and transverse components of the optical conductivity in mWSMs are modified by the topological charge ($n$). Engendered by the optical Hall conductivity, we show in the thin film limit that, while the giant Kerr rotation and corresponding ellipticity are independent of $n$, the Faraday rotation and its ellipticity angle scale as $n$ and $n^2$, respectively. In contrast, the polarization rotation in semi-infinite mWSMs is dominated by the axion field showing $n$ dependence. In particular, the magnitude of Kerr (Faraday) angle decreases (increases) with increasing $n$ in Faraday geometry, whereas in Voigt geometry, it depicts different $n$-dependencies in different frequency regimes. The obtained results on the behavior of polarization rotations in mWSMs could be used in experiments as a probe to distinguish single, double, and triple WSMs, as well as discriminate the surfaces of mWSMs with and without hosting Fermi arcs.
description: 12 Pages, 5 Figures, Submission to SciPost
Exposing the Probabilistic Causal Structure of Discrimination
Creators: name: Bonchi, Francesco
name: Hajian, Sara
name: Mishra, Bud
name: Ramazzotti, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discrimination discovery from data is an important task aiming at identifying patterns of illegal and unethical discriminatory activities against protected-by-law groups, e.g., ethnic minorities. While any legally-valid proof of discrimination requires evidence of causality, the state-of-the-art methods are essentially correlation-based, albeit, as it is well known, correlation does not imply causation. In this paper we take a principled causal approach to the data mining problem of discrimination detection in databases. Following Suppes' probabilistic causation theory, we define a method to extract, from a dataset of historical decision records, the causal structures existing among the attributes in the data. The result is a type of constrained Bayesian network, which we dub Suppes-Bayes Causal Network (SBCN). Next, we develop a toolkit of methods based on random walks on top of the SBCN, addressing different anti-discrimination legal concepts, such as direct and indirect discrimination, group and individual discrimination, genuine requirement, and favoritism. Our experiments on real-world datasets confirm the inferential power of our approach in all these different tasks.
Regular covariant representations and their Wold-type decomposition
Creators: name: Rohilla, Azad
name: Trivedi, Harsh
name: Veerabathiran, Shankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A15, 47L30, 46L08, 47L55, 47L80, 47B38

description: Olofsson introduced a growth condition regarding elements of an orbit for an expansive operator and generalized Richter's wandering subspace theorem. Later on, using the Moore-Penrose inverse, Ezzahraoui, Mbekhta, and Zerouali extended the growth condition and obtained a Shimorin-Wold-type decomposition. Shimorin-Wold-type decomposition for completely bounded covariant representations, which are close to isometric representations, is obtained in \cite{HV19}. This paper extends this decomposition for regular, completely bounded covariant representation having reduced minimum modulus $\geq 1$ that satisfies the growth condition. To prove the decomposition, we introduce the terms regular, algebraic core, and reduced minimum modulus in the completely bounded covariant representation setting and work out several fundamental results. Consequently, we shall analyze the weighted unilateral shift introduced by Muhly and Solel and introduce and explore a non-commutative weighted bilateral shift.
description: 35 pages
Early supportive medication use and end-of-life care among Medicare beneficiaries with advanced breast cancer
Creators: name: Rosenstein, Donald L.
name: Check, Devon K.
name: Dusetzina, Stacie B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: A randomized controlled trial of cancer patients has linked early supportive care with improved hospice use and less aggressive end-of-life care. In practice, the early use of supportive interventions and potential impact on end-of-life care are poorly understood. We sought to describe early use of medications to treat common breast cancer symptoms (pain, insomnia, anxiety, and depression) and to assess the relationship between early use of these treatments and end-of-life care.
Green's function and anti-holomorphic dynamics on a torus
Creators: name: Bergweiler, Walter
name: Eremenko, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 31A05, 33E05, 37F10

description: We give a new, simple proof of the fact recently discovered by C.-S. Lin and C.-L. Wang that the Green function of a torus has either three or five critical points, depending on the modulus of the torus. The proof uses anti-holomorphic dynamics. As a byproduct we find a one-parametric family of anti-holomorphic dynamical systems for which the parameter space consists only of hyperbolic components and analytic curves separating them.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures (some details added, some overall revision)
Random version of Dvoretzky's theorem in $\ell_p^n$
Creators: name: Paouris, Grigoris
name: Valettas, Petros
name: Zinn, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B06, 46B07, 46B09, 52A21, 52A23

description: We study the dependence on $\varepsilon$ in the critical dimension $k(n,p,\varepsilon)$ for which one can find random sections of the $\ell_p^n$-ball which are $(1+\varepsilon)$-spherical. We give lower (and upper) estimates for $k(n,p,\varepsilon)$ for all eligible values $p$ and $\varepsilon$ as $n\to \infty$, which agree with the sharp estimates for the extreme values $p=1$ and $p=\infty$. Toward this end, we provide tight bounds for the Gaussian concentration of the $\ell_p$-norm.
description: 45 pages; final revision; to appear in Stochastic Processes and their Applications
Compliment Patterning among Young Speakers: A Diachronic and Translational Study of English and Dubbed Italian Film Dialogue
Creators: name: Ciampi, Debora
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali
Year: 2015

description: The construction and translation of socio-pragmatic meanings in film speech poses intriguing challenges due to the complex semiotic nature of audiovisual texts. This exploratory case study presents the results of an analysis that aimed to detect and discuss the use of compliments by teenagers in English and dubbed Italian film dialogue as represented in two cult teen movies released in different decades. The results indicate that compliments tend to occur quite frequently both as creative and formulaic structures. Moreover, the formulaic patterns themselves acquire creative features due to the presence of informal and trendy expressions. Hypotheses are made about the motivations behind different distributional patterns between the two movies, thus indicating potential diachronic variations. Translation strategies are also surveyed, and both cases of creativity and dubious solutions are highlighted.
description: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali, Vol. 1 (2015)
Chinese Students’ Development of Textual Competence in L2 Italian: A Corpus-Based Study
Creators: name: Scibetta, Andrea
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali
Year: 2015

description: The majority of studies conducted about Chinese students’ acquisition of L2 Italian since the 1990s have mainly focused on the analysis of learners’ phonological and morphosyntactic competences, usually adopting contrastive methods (Valentini 1992 and Banfi 2003, inter alia). More recent studies have been carried out from the point of view of applied linguistics (Rastelli 2010) and input processing (Rastelli 2013). However, textual and meta-textual competences of this category of learners have not yet been deeply investigated, even though the importance of such competences has already been acknowledged within important documents of language policy, e.g. the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR 2001). This article is divided into two main sections. After preliminary theoretical considerations about some key-concepts, I will first emphasize, according to a theoretical background (Scalise and Ceccagno 2005; Diadori and Di Toro 2009 inter alia), the role played by some factors in slowing down, as well as in causing difficulties to Chinese students’ development of textual competence in L2 Italian. Secondly, I will analyze the results of a corpus-based cross-sectional study, the purpose of which was to investigate some aspects involved in the development of Chinese University students’ textual skills in Italian as a Second Language
description: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali, Vol. 1 (2015)
The Role of kunten Materials in the Process of Sino-Japanese Hybridization
Creators: name: Alberizzi, Valerio
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali
Year: 2015

description: The history of the Japanese written language can be seen as a main frame of different registers of the native language – buntai 文体 – intersecting at various levels with a foreign one, namely classical Chinese. Although these diatypes are different, they are all part of the same lexico-syntactic repertoire shared by the community and whose use is determined by context. Hence, the type of code in use depends on the field and purpose of the message. In recent years the field has been enriched by a number of thought-provoking theories. However, buntai studies still constitute a complex and intricate discipline within which numerous questions remain to be answered. This paper will a) provide a review of existing scholarship on the role played by kunten materials in defining the formation process of Sino-Japanese hybrid writing – wakan konkōbun; b) outline, for the first time, the main differences between the two most controversial forms of written language, Japanized written Chinese – waka kanbun – and Sino-Japanese hybrid writing, and redefine their role within the history of the Japanese written language; c) survey textual evidence to show how an embryonic form of Sino-Japanese hybrid writing existed before the twelfth century, proving that the evolution of wakan konkōbun is not directly linked to the formation of middle Japanese.
description: Quaderni di Linguistica e Studi Orientali, Vol. 1 (2015)
Examining racial variation in antiemetic use and post-chemotherapy health care utilization for nausea and vomiting among breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Check, Devon K.
name: Reeder-Hayes, Katherine E.
name: Dusetzina, Stacie B.
name: Zullig, Leah L.
name: Basch, Ethan M.
name: Weinberger, Morris
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Racial minority cancer patients may experience underuse of antiemetic medications to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). In addition to its adverse implications for quality of life, antiemetic underuse may contribute to observed disparities in acute illness during chemotherapy. To understand the potential contribution of CINV prophylaxis to breast cancer disparities, we assessed racial variation in potent antiemetic use and post-chemotherapy utilization related to CINV, and the relationship between the two.
Enhancing Self-Regulated Learning in CS Education Through Comment Analysis
Creators: name: Reeves, Theo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: This summer, my research focused on analyzing code comments to enhance our understanding of self-regulated learning (SRL) in computer science education. Recognizing that comments within code provide insight into a student's thought process, this project aimed to explore how, what, and why students comment while coding. My work involved extracting and organizing comments from code written by students in an undergraduate classroom setting, distinguishing between student-written comments and those provided by instructors. This distinction is crucial for accurately analyzing how students reflect on their problem-solving approaches and self-regulate their learning. By preparing the data for in-depth analysis, I have set the stage for future research to examine the relationship between comment use and successful SRL strategies in programming. The outcomes of this work have the potential to contribute significantly to educational models in computer science, providing educators with valuable insights into how to foster effective learning environments that support diverse learners.
Dynamic optical lattices of sub-wavelength spacing for ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Nascimbene, Sylvain
name: Goldman, Nathan
name: Cooper, Nigel R.
name: Dalibard, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to realize lattice potentials of sub-wavelength spacing for ultracold atoms. It is based on spin-dependent optical lattices with a time-periodic modulation. We show that the atomic motion is well described by the combined action of an effective, time-independent, lattice of small spacing, together with a micro-motion associated with the time-modulation. A numerical simulation shows that an atomic gas can be adiabatically loaded into the effective lattice ground state, for timescales comparable to the ones required for adiabatic loading of standard optical lattices. We generalize our scheme to a two-dimensional geometry, leading to Bloch bands with non-zero Chern numbers. The realization of lattices of sub-wavelength spacing allows for the enhancement of energy scales, which could facilitate the achievment of strongly-correlated (topological) states.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Multiple-stable anisotropic magnetoresistance memory in antiferromagnetic MnTe
Creators: name: Kriegner, D.
name: Vyborny, K.
name: Olejnik, K.
name: Reichlova, H.
name: Novak, V.
name: Marti, X.
name: Gazquez, J.
name: Saidl, V.
name: Nemec, P.
name: Volobuev, V. V.
name: Springholz, G.
name: Holy, V.
name: Jungwirth, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A common perception assumes that magnetic memories require ferromagnetic materials with a non-zero net magnetic moment. However, it has been recently proposed that compensated antiferromagnets with a zero net moment may represent a viable alternative to ferromagnets. So far, experimental research has focused on bistable memories in antiferromagnetic metals. In the present work we demonstrate a multiple-stable memory device in epitaxial manganese telluride (MnTe) which is an antiferromagnetic counterpart of common II-VI semiconductors. Favorable micromagnetic characteristics of MnTe allow us to demonstrate a smoothly varying antiferromagnetic anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) with a harmonic angular dependence on the applied magnetic field, analogous to ferromagnets. The continuously varying AMR provides means for the electrical read-out of multiple-stable antiferromagnetic memory states which we set by heat-assisted magneto-recording and by changing the angle of the writing field. We explore the dependence of the magnitude of the zero-field read-out signal on the strength of the writing field and demonstrate the robustness of the antiferromagnetic memory states against strong magnetic field perturbations. We ascribe the multiple-stability in our antiferromagnetic memory to different distributions of domains with the Néel vector aligned along one of the three $c$-plane magnetic easy axes in the hexagonal MnTe film. The domain redistribution is controlled during the heat-assisted recording by the strength and angle of the writing field and freezes when sufficiently below the Néel temperature.
Thermal State Preparation via Rounding Promises
Creators: name: Rall, Patrick
name: Wang, Chunhao
name: Wocjan, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A promising avenue for the preparation of Gibbs states on a quantum computer is to simulate the physical thermalization process. The Davies generator describes the dynamics of an open quantum system that is in contact with a heat bath. Crucially, it does not require simulation of the heat bath itself, only the system we hope to thermalize. Using the state-of-the-art techniques for quantum simulation of the Lindblad equation, we devise a technique for the preparation of Gibbs states via thermalization as specified by the Davies generator. In doing so, we encounter a severe technical challenge: implementation of the Davies generator demands the ability to estimate the energy of the system unambiguously. That is, each energy of the system must be deterministically mapped to a unique estimate. Previous work showed that this is only possible if the system satisfies an unphysical 'rounding promise' assumption. We solve this problem by engineering a random ensemble of rounding promises that simultaneously solves three problems: First, each rounding promise admits preparation of a 'promised' thermal state via a Davies generator. Second, these Davies generators have a similar mixing time as the ideal Davies generator. Third, the average of these promised thermal states approximates the ideal thermal state.
description: Accepted in Quantum
On the Optimality of Secure Network Coding
Creators: name: Guang, Xuan
name: Lu, Jiyong
name: Fu, Fang-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In network communications, information transmission often encounters wiretapping attacks. Secure network coding is introduced to prevent information from being leaked to adversaries. The investigation of performance bounds on the numbers of source symbols and random symbols are two fundamental research problems. For an important case that each wiretap-set with cardinality not larger than $r$, Cai and Yeung proposed a coding scheme, which is optimal in the senses of maximizing the number of source symbols and at the same time minimizing the number of random symbols. In this letter, we further study achievable lower bound on the number of random key and show that it just depends on the security constraint, and particularly, is independent to the information amount for transmission. This implies that when the number of transmitted source message changes, we can't reduce the number of random key to keep the same security level. We further give an intuitive interpretation on our result. In addition, a similar construction of secure linear network codes is proposed, which achieves this lower bound on the number of random key no matter how much information is transmitted. At last, we also extend our result to imperfect security case.
description: Accepted for publication in the IEEE Communications Letters. One column,10 pages
Global two-monopoles
Creators: name: Gudnason, Sven Bjarke
name: Evslin, Jarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global two-monopoles are unstable in their simplest formulation. We construct a model with a metric-like prefactor which we show can stabilize the global two-monopoles. The stabilizing construction is realized with a Skyrme sector where the metric-like prefactor is a function of the Skyrmion profile.
description: LaTeX: 34 pages, 15 figures; V2: comments added
A method to search for bulk motions in the ICM with {\sl Chandra} CCD spectra: application to the Bullet cluster
Creators: name: Liu, Ang
name: Yu, Heng
name: Tozzi, Paolo
name: Zhu, Zong-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a strategy to search for bulk motions in the intracluster medium (ICM) of merging clusters based on {\sl Chandra} CCD data. Our goal is to derive robust measurements of the average redshift of projected ICM regions obtained from the centroid of the $K_α$ line emission. We thoroughly explore the effect of the unknown temperature structure along the line of sight to accurately evaluate the systematic uncertainties on the ICM redshift. We apply our method to the "Bullet cluster" (1E~0657-56). We directly identify 23 independent regions on the basis of the surface brightness contours, and measure the redshift of the ICM averaged along the line of sight in each. We find that the redshift distribution across these regions is marginally inconsistent with the null hypothesis of a constant redshift or no bulk motion in the ICM, at a confidence level of about $2\, σ$. We tentatively identify the regions most likely affected by bulk motions and find a maximum velocity gradient of about $(46\pm 13)$ $\rm km~s^{-1}~kpc^{-1}$ along the line of sight on a scale of $\sim 260 $ kpc along the path of the "bullet." We interpret this as the possible signature of a significant mass of ICM pushed away along a direction perpendicular to the merging. This preliminary result is promising for a systematic search for bulk motions in bright, moderate-redshift clusters based on spatially resolved spectral analysis of {\sl Chandra} CCD data. This preliminary result is promising for a systematic search for bulk motions in bright, moderate-redshift clusters based on spatially resolved spectral analysis of {\sl Chandra} CCD data.
The association between clinician-based common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE) and patient-reported outcomes (PRO): a systematic review
Creators: name: Saracino, Rebecca M.
name: Matsoukas, Konstantina
name: Basch, Ethan
name: Li, Yuelin
name: Atkinson, Thomas M.
name: Stover, Angela M.
name: Bennett, Antonia V.
name: Jewell, Sarah T.
name: Ryan, Sean J.
name: Rogak, Lauren J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Symptomatic adverse events (AEs) are monitored by clinicians as part of all US-based clinical trials in cancer via the U.S. National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) for the purposes of ensuring patient safety. Recently there has been a charge toward capturing the patient perspective for those AEs amenable to patient self-reporting via patient-reported outcomes (PRO). The aim of this review was to summarize the empirically reported association between analogous CTCAE and PRO ratings.
Bethe-State Counting and the Witten Index
Creators: name: Shu, Hongfei
name: Zhao, Peng
name: Zhu, Rui-Dong
name: Zou, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We count the Bethe states of quantum integrable models with twisted boundary conditions using the Witten index of 2d supersymmetric gauge theories. For multi-component models solvable by the nested Bethe ansatz, the result is a novel restricted occupancy problem. For the SU(3) spin chain and the t-J model, we propose formulae for the solution count on singular loci in the space of twist parameters.
description: 7 pages (including the appendix and reference), 5 figures and 1 table
Long-term timing and emission behavior of the young Crab-like pulsar PSR B0540-69
Creators: name: Ferdman, Robert D.
name: Archibald, Robert F.
name: Kaspi, Victoria M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present timing solutions and spin properties of the young pulsar PSR B0540-69 from analysis of 15.8 yr of data from the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. We perform a partially phase-coherent timing analysis in order to mitigate the pronounced effects of timing noise in this pulsar. We also perform fully coherent timing over large subsets of the data set in order to arrive at a more precise solution. In addition to the previously reported first glitch undergone by this pulsar, we find a second glitch, which occurred at MJD 52927 $\pm$ 4, with fractional changes in spin frequency $Δν/ν= (1.64 \pm 0.05) \times 10^{-9}$ and spin-down rate $Δ\dotν/\dotν = (0.930 \pm 0.011) \times 10^{-4}$ (taken from our fully coherent analysis). We measure a braking index that is consistent over the entire data span, with a mean value $n = 2.129 \pm 0.012$, from our partially coherent timing analysis. We also investigated the emission behavior of this pulsar, and have found no evidence for significant flux changes, flares, burst-type activity, or pulse profile shape variations. While there is strong evidence for the much-touted similarity of PSR B0540-69 to the Crab pulsar, they nevertheless differ in several aspects, including glitch activity, where PSR B0540-69 can be said to resemble certain other very young pulsars. It seems clear that the specific processes governing the formation, evolution, and interiors of this population of recently born neutron stars can vary significantly, as reflected in their observed properties.
description: 10 pages, 1 table, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
The Klein-Gordon equation on the toric adS-Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Dunn, Jake
name: Warnick, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the Klein-Gordon equation on the exterior of the toric anti de-Sitter Schwarzschild black hole with Dirichlet, Neumann and Robin boundary conditions at $\mathcal{I}$. We define a non-degenerate energy for the equation which controls the renormalised $H^1$ norm of the field. We then establish both decay and integrated decay of this energy through vector field methods. Finally we demonstrate the necessity of `losing a derivative' in the integrated energy estimate through the construction of a Gaussian beam staying in the exterior of the event horizon for arbitrary long co-ordinate time.
description: 32 pages, 1 figure
Highly Siderophile Elements in the Earth's Mantle as a Clock for the Moon-forming Impact
Creators: name: Jacobson, Seth A.
name: Morbidelli, Alessandro
name: Raymond, Sean N.
name: O'Brien, David P.
name: Walsh, Kevin J.
name: Rubie, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the generally accepted scenario, the last giant impact on the Earth formed the Moon and initiated the final phase of core formation by melting the Earth's mantle. A key goal of geochemistry is to date this event, but different ages have been proposed. Some argue for an early Moon-forming event, approximately 30 million years (Myr) after the condensation of the first solids in the Solar System, whereas others claim a date later than 50 Myr (and possibly as late as around 100 My) after condensation. Here we show that a Moon-forming event at 40 Myr after condensation, or earlier, is ruled out at a 99.9 per cent confidence level. We use a large number of N-body simulations to demonstrate a relationship between the time of the last giant impact on an Earth-like planet and the amount of mass subsequently added during the era known as Late Accretion. As the last giant impact is delayed, the late-accreted mass decreases in a predictable fashion. This relationship exists within both the classical scenario and the Grand Tack scenario of terrestrial planet formation, and it holds across a wide range of disk conditions. The concentration of highly siderophile elements (HSEs) in Earth's mantle constrains the mass of chondritic material added to Earth during Late Accretion. Using HSE abundance measurements, we determine a Moon-formation age of 95 +/- 32 Myr since condensation. The possibility exists that some late projectiles were differentiated and left an incomplete HSE record in Earth's mantle. Even in this case, various isotopic constraints strongly suggest that the late-accreted mass did not exceed 1 per cent of Earth's mass, and so the HSE clock still robustly limits the timing of the Moon-forming event to significantly later than 40 My after condensation.
description: Includes Supplemental Material
Ethnic and gender-based prejudice towards medical doctors? The relationship between physicians’ ethnicity, gender, and ratings on a physician rating website
Creators: name: Kauff, Mathias
name: Anslinger, Julian
name: Christ, Oliver
name: Niemann, Moritz
name: Geierhos, Michaela
name: Huster, Lars
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: We investigated manifestations of ethnic and gender-based prejudice in a rather understudied high-status environment, that is we studied biased ratings of physicians with a migration background and female physicians. In a preregistered, archival study, we analyzed ratings of more than 140,000 physicians on a German rating website for medical professionals. Results indicate that general practitioners (but not dentists or specialists) with non-German names are rated less favorably than general practitioners with German names. This effect did not vary across regional contexts with varying prosperity and diversity. Our analyses also revealed that female physicians are evaluated less positively than male physicians. Contrary to our assumptions, bias against female physicians was especially strong in medical sub-disciplines that are characterized by a high share of female physicians.
Weathering the seasons of cancer survivorship: mind-body therapy use and reported reasons and outcomes by stages of cancer survivorship
Creators: name: Smith, Sunyata
name: Leniek, Karyn L.
name: Faurot, Keturah R.
name: Gaylord, Susan A.
name: Porterfield, Deborah
name: Gaylord-Scott, Nicole
name: Campo, Rebecca A.
name: Asher, Gary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Mind-body therapies (MBT), a subset of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), are used by cancer survivors to manage symptoms related to their cancer experience. MBT use may differ by cancer survivorship stage (i.e., acute, short-term, long-term) because each stage presents varying intensities of medical activities, associated emotions, and treatment effects. We examined the relationship between MBT use and survivorship stage (acute: <1 year; short-term: 1 to 5 years; long-term: >5 years since diagnosis) using the CAM supplement of the 2012 National Health Interview Survey. We also examined reported reasons for and outcomes of MBT use and frequency of MBT types.
Studying the precision of ray tracing techniques with Szekeres models
Creators: name: Koksbang, S. M.
name: Hannestad, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simplest standard ray tracing scheme employing the Born and Limber approximations and neglecting lens-lens coupling is used for computing the convergence along individual rays in mock N-body data based on Szekeres swiss cheese and onion models. The results are compared with the exact convergence computed using the exact Szekeres metric combined with the Sachs formalism. A comparison is also made with an extension of the simple ray tracing scheme which includes the Doppler convergence. The exact convergence is reproduced very precisely as the sum of the gravitational and Doppler convergences along rays in Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi models. This is not the case when the models are based on non-symmetric Szekeres models. For such models, there is a significant deviation between the exact and ray traced paths and hence also the corresponding convergences.
description: 28 pages, 16 captioned figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D. v2: Typos corrected (in appendix B and figure 6) + 2 references added. Results and conclusions unchanged. v3: Errors in section VI A and appendix C 2 corrected. Results in section VI A changed
Using Computer Vision Deep Learning Models to Detect ecDNA
Creators: name: Aarav Mehta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: ecDNA are small extrachromosomal DNA created by excess DNA damage of the linear genomes. These particles often replicate proto-oncogenes and thus are shown to result in and increase in drug-resistant cancers. The current method of studying ecDNA and the effects various therapies have on the ecDNA count and quality is by using FISH (Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization). This results in images which trained humans can discern ecDNA from. However, this process of detection requires strong human discretion and a variety of tools to segregate true ecDNA from noise, often taking up to an hour to identify all the positive locations in a single image. We hope to create a deep learning model which is able to train from the labels made by humans previously to learn a more robust object detection scheme, which can be generalized to all images. This would allow us to study drug effects on ecDNA in a fraction of the time while reducing systematic and random biases in enumerating ecDNA results from these trials.