cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fast-to-Alfvén Mode Conversion Mediated by Hall Current. I. Cold Plasma Model
Creators: name: Cally, Paul S.
name: Khomenko, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photospheric temperature minimum in the Sun and solar-like stars is very weakly ionized, with ionization fraction $f$ as low as $10^{-4}$. In galactic star forming regions, $f$ can be $10^{-10}$ or lower. Under these circumstances, the Hall current can couple low frequency Alfvén and magneto\-acoustic waves via the dimensionless Hall parameter $ε=ω/Ω_\text{i}f$, where $ω$ is the wave frequency and $Ω_\text{i}$ is the mean ion gyrofrequency. This is analysed in the context of a cold (zero-$β$) plasma, and in less detail for a warm plasma. It is found that Hall coupling preferentially occurs where the wave vector is nearly field-aligned. In these circumstances, Hall coupling in theory produces a continual oscillation between fast and Alfvén modes as the wave passes through the weakly ionized region. At low frequencies (mHz), characteristic of solar and stellar normal modes, $ε$ is probably too small for more than a fraction of one oscillation to occur. On the other hand, the effect may be significant at the far higher frequencies (Hz) associated with magnetic reconnection events. In another context, characteristic parameters for star forming gas clouds suggest that $\mathcal{O}(1)$ or more full oscillations may occur in one cloud crossing. This mechanism is not expected to be effective in sunspots, due to their high ion gyrofrequencies and Alfvén speeds, since the net effect depends inversely on both and therefore inverse quadratically on field strength.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. To appear in Astrophys. J. (accepted 13 Oct 2015)
Homelessness Prevention in Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Adolescents
Creators: name: Gastrell, Laura
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals are largely overrepresented in the adolescent homeless population, as LGBT individuals account for roughly 10% or less of the total population, but nearly 40% of the homeless population (Durso & Gates, 2012). Compared to their non-LGBT homeless peers, LGBT homeless adolescents are at greater risk for mental and sexual health issues and chronic homelessness, which is considered an extreme form of poverty (Ofstenhage, Radday, & Stanzler, 2011). Extreme poverty is estimated to cost the US $500 billion a year (Holzer, Schanzenbach, Duncan, & Ludwig, 2007). Such a high economic burden threatens the economic vitality of the United States (US) and indicates an urgent need to intervene and reduce homelessness among the LGBT adolescent population. LGBT adolescents are at a greater risk of homelessness due to poor coping mechanisms during adolescent and sexual identity development and familial or peer conflict (Keuroghlian, Shtasel, & Bassuk, 2014). To meaningfully impact LGBT adolescent homelessness and reduce the national economic burden, the Self campaign was developed. Self is a social marketing campaign proposal to change San Francisco Unified School District's middle and high school culture and curriculum such that all adolescents will learn, observe, and practice healthy psychosocial skills. The campaign includes modified disciplinary guidelines, a psychosocial skills development course, staff education, and modifications to counselor services. Keywords: homeless, homelessness, LGBT, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, gay, sexual minority, street youth, and runaway.
title: Point of no return for improvement of cartilage as indicated by dGEMRIC before and after weight loss in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A cohort study
Creators: name: Boesen, Mikael
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To assess if weight loss can improve the quality of hyaline cartilage in patients with Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA). Cartilage quality was assessed via delayed Gadolinium Enhanced MRI of Cartilage (dGEMRIC) in obese patients (BMI>30) with varying...
Program algebra for random access machine programs
Creators: name: Middelburg, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.4; E.3; F.1.1; F.1.3

description: This paper presents an algebraic theory of instruction sequences with instructions for a random access machine (RAM) as basic instructions, the behaviours produced by the instruction sequences concerned under execution, and the interaction between such behaviours and RAM memories. This theory provides a setting for the development of theory in areas such as computational complexity and analysis of algorithms that distinguishes itself by offering the possibility of equational reasoning to establish whether an instruction sequence computes a given function and being more general than the setting provided by any known version of the RAM model of computation. In this setting, a semi-realistic version of the RAM model of computation and a bit-oriented time complexity measure for this version are introduced. Under the time measure concerned, semi-realistic RAMs can be simulated by multi-tape Turing machines with quadratic time overhead.
description: 27 pages, revision of v2 with presentation improved. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1901.08840, arXiv:1808.04264
Quantum Quasi-Zeno Dynamics: Transitions mediated by frequent projective measurements near the Zeno regime
Creators: name: Elliott, Thomas J.
name: Vedral, Vlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequent observation of a quantum system leads to quantum Zeno physics, where the system evolution is constrained to states commensurate with the measurement outcome. We show that, more generally, the system can evolve between such states through higher-order virtual processes that pass through states outside the measurement subspace. We derive effective Hamiltonians to describe this evolution, and the dependence on the time between measurements. We demonstrate application of this phenomena to prototypical quantum many-body system examples, spin chains and atoms in optical lattices, where it facilitates correlated dynamical effects.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Adoption of Law Enforcement Naloxone Programs: Through a Diffusion Theory Framework
Creators: name: Skavroneck, Sara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) has identified law enforcement naloxone programs (LENP) as an essential strategy to expand naloxone access. Recruiting law enforcement to play a central role in naloxone expansion is a significant paradigm shift in our nation's approach to drug use. In law enforcement naloxone programs, officers are in a position to help, rather than punish, drug users at risk of overdose. The abrupt shift in expectations for law enforcement creates a need to evaluate whether a paradigm shift in federal policy has also translated to a shift in attitudes and behaviors of law enforcement towards naloxone use. The goals of this paper are twofold. First, I aim to identify variables that influence the decision of law enforcement to support or resist the adoption of law enforcement naloxone programs.Guided by a diffusion of innovations theoretical framework, I will explore the differences in the rate and process of adoption of LENP in a sample of 5 states. I hypothesize that the adoption rate of law enforcement naloxone programs will be positively associated with a high degree of perceived compatibility, a high degree of perceived relative advantage, and a low degree of perceived complexity for program implementation by law enforcement officers. Second, I will conduct a systematic review of the literature that evaluates the attitudes and behaviors of law enforcement officials towards naloxone programs. With these two objectives, my goal is to provide evidence that supports future policy-making decisions about law enforcement naloxone programs in the United States.
title: Spectrum of Radiological Findings in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Creators: name: Abubacker Sulaiman, Farook
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Hyperplasia / Hypertrophy

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Diagnosis of primary hyper parathyroidism using various imaging modalities. To describe the difference between each modality in diagnosing primary hyper parathyroidism. To get familiarize with spectrum of Radiologicalimagesand findings in primary...
Compensation Practices of States of the European Union Connected to Crimes Against Women
Creators: name: Bochmann, Christian
name: Griesheim, Kai-Uwe
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Europäische Union , Gewalt gegen Frauen , Kompensation
subject: 360

description: The overall aim of this preliminary study is to provide data on the compensation practices of various States within the European Union and in particular, will concentrate on crimes of domestic violence against women and examine the different outcomes for these victims, under each legal system. A secondary purpose of the text is to contribute background material for the workshop on Women in the Criminal Justice System, during the Tenth United Nations Congress on the Prevention of Crime and the Treatment of Offenders, to be held in April 2000 in Vienna, Austria. Due to the fact that a violent crime is a criminal offence and at the same time triggers civil liability for compensation there are two possible proceedings against the offender: Civil proceedings in the criminal courts and civil proceedings in the civil courts. For the reason that the financial resources of the offender may be not sufficient and for the reason that it is highly questionable especially in cases of domestic violence against women, if the offender is willing to cooperate the question of state compensation arises, too, in this respect. Therefore, this report particularly deals with the possibilities for the victim to get compensation from the offender in criminal and / or civil proceedings, and with the existence, form, and extent of special State schemes of compensation for victims of violent crimes. In our research we were studying not only these compensation practices but for each of the chosen countries we took also care in the position of the victim in legal proceedings, i.e. in particular: definition and legal status of the victim, the rights and duties in the prosecution, and the rights and duties in the court.
Firmware
Creators: name: Broekman, André
name: Steyn, Wynand
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: agricultural engineering
subject: agriculture
subject: Arduino
subject: avodadoes
subject: civil engineering
subject: Civiltronics
subject: postharvest
subject: sensor platform
subject: smart fruit
subject: smaTo
subject: smAvo
subject: TinyDuino
subject: tomatoes

description: Arduino firmware for the TinyDuino sensor platform
Causal mediation analysis decomposition of between-hospital variance
Creators: name: Chen, Bo
name: Lawson, Keith A.
name: Finelli, Antonio
name: Saarela, Olli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Causal variance decompositions for a given disease-specific quality indicator can be used to quantify differences in performance between hospitals or health care providers. While variance decompositions can demonstrate variation in quality of care, causal mediation analysis can be used to study care pathways leading to the differences in performance between the institutions. This raises the question of whether the two approaches can be combined to decompose between-hospital variation in an outcome type indicator to that mediated through a given process (indirect effect) and remaining variation due to all other pathways (direct effect). For this purpose, we derive a causal mediation analysis decomposition of between-hospital variance, discuss its interpretation, and propose an estimation approach based on generalized linear mixed models for the outcome and the mediator. We study the performance of the estimators in a simulation study and demonstrate its use in administrative data on kidney cancer care in Ontario.
Early Childhood Caries: A Public Health Intervention using Fluoride Varnish on Infants in North Carolina
Creators: name: Lynch, Carleen M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: National studies in the United States have demonstrated clear evidence that a disproportionate number of young children from lower socioeconomic status are suffering the majority of dental caries. At the same time there are only limited numbers of pediatric dental specialists available to treat young children, and often they are not able to take children covered by Medicaid or the State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP). This paper describes the occurrence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC), the barriers to prevention or treatment, and the development of new techniques that have potential to focus prevention on infants. A pilot study called Smart Smiles focusing on the use of these new techniques and their application in pediatric offices to infants at highrisk for ECC is currently being evaluated in North Carolina. This paper provides a review of methods to recruit low-income participants into the evaluation phase of the Smart Smiles project. The literature review indicates that ECC is a disease of rampant dental caries experienced extensively in a small percentage of usually low-income children. The dental community where this study takes place has difficulty in providing an acceptable level of oral health care to this population. It has been proposed that use of an existing infrastructure where infants are accessing medical care can be used to provide an intervention to limit the extent of ECC. A high level of community involvement will be required to develop a level of trust in the target population that will be conducive to eliminating the mutlifactorial causes of ECC. Any successful intervention and following evaluation will include local participation of community leaders as well as target population parents and children's caregivers. Access to oral care at multiple levels, including health professions outside the field of dentistry will increase the provision of preventive measures towards ECC.
Family sizes for complete multipartite graphs
Creators: name: Gregg, Danielle
name: Mattman, Thomas W.
name: Porat, Zachary
name: Todd, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05C10, Secondary 57M15, 05C35

description: The obstruction set for graphs with knotless embeddings is not known, but a recent paper of Goldberg, Mattman, and Naimi indicates that it is quite large. Almost all known obstructions fall into four Triangle-Y families and they ask if there is an efficient way of finding or estimating the size of such graph families. Inspired by this question, we investigate the family size for complete multipartite graphs. Aside from three families that appear to grow exponentially, these families stabilize: after a certain point, increasing the number of vertices in a fixed part does not change family size.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables v2 - substantial revision including improved estimate of family size of K_n family
Orbiting Carbon Observatory approach for estimating the atmospheric water vapour feedback in tropical India
Creators: name: Raychaudhuri, Barun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: This work reports a novel method of determining the atmospheric water vapour feedback by utilizing the simultaneously retrieved atmospheric column concentrations of carbon dioxide (xCO2), the total column of water vapour (H2O) and the temperature (T7) at 700 hPa obtained from Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2) and Orbiting Carbon Observatory-3 (OCO-3) data. The study areas are the tropical land cover of India and the surrounding deep seas. The methodology involves annual mean values for xCO2, H2O and T7 defined by averaging over a full year. The practical range of variation of saturation vapour pressure with surface temperature allows a linear approximation of the annual mean H2O versus xCO2. The linear correlation of the annual mean xCO2 and H2O values over the years 2016–2022 for OCO-2 and 2020–2022 for both OCO-2 and OCO-3 revealed an opposite trend of temporal variation for populated land and unpopulated deep sea regions. A feedback for water vapour was defined in terms of the long-term variation of annual mean H2O with annual mean xCO2 over years 2016–2022 and the corresponding variation with annual mean T7. The water vapour feedback for each ppm increase of annual mean xCO2 was equivalent to approximately 0.015 W m−2 and 0.007 W m−2 for populated and deep sea regions, respectively. The corresponding changes in T7 were an increase of 0.0267 K and a decrease of 0.0044 K, respectively.
title: CT evaluation of aortic dissections with a double prospective high pitch spiral (double Flash) CT scan in diastolic and systolic phase.
Creators: name: Budaj, Irilda
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Segmentation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Dissection
subject: Acute

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the advantages of a low dose CT protocol scan with a double high pitch spiral CT scan and with prospective ECG triggering in diastolic and systolic phase, with a single contrast bolus in a single apnea, for aortic dissections (AD)...
Updating of Implicit Adaptation Processes through Erroneous Numeric Feedback
Creators: name: Larssen, Beverley C.
name: Hodges, Nicola J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: There is debate about how implicit and explicit processes interact in sensorimotor adaptation, implicating how error signals drive learning. Target error information is thought to primarily influence explicit processes, therefore manipulations to the veracity of this information should impact adaptation but not implicit recalibration (i.e. after-effects). Thirty participants across three groups initially adapted to rotated cursor feedback. Then we manipulated numeric target error through knowledge of results (KR) feedback, where groups practised with correct or incorrect (+/-15°) numeric KR. Participants adapted to erroneous KR, but only the KR + 15 group showed augmented implicit recalibration, evidenced by larger after-effects than before KR exposure. In the presence of sensory prediction errors, target errors modulated after-effects, suggesting an interaction between implicit and explicit processes.
Predicting Relationship Labels and Individual Personality Traits from Telecommunication History in Social Networks using Hawkes Processes
Creators: name: Nurek, Mateusz
name: Michalski, Radosław
name: Lizardo, Omar
name: Rizoiu, Marian-Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile phones contain a wealth of private information, so we try to keep them secure. We provide large-scale evidence that the psychological profiles of individuals and their relations with their peers can be predicted from seemingly anonymous communication traces -- calling and texting logs that service providers routinely collect. Based on two extensive longitudinal studies containing more than 900 college students, we use point process modeling to describe communication patterns. We automatically predict the peer relationship type and temporal dynamics, and assess user personality based on the modeling. For some personality traits, the results are comparable to the gold-standard performances obtained from survey self-report data. Findings illustrate how information usually residing outside the control of individuals can be used to reconstruct sensitive information.
Late time multi wavelength observations of Swift J1644+5734: A luminous optical/IR bump and quiescent X-ray emission
Creators: name: Levan, A. J.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
name: Brown, G. C.
name: Metzger, B. D.
name: Page, K. L.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Lyman, J. D.
name: Wiersema, K.
name: Stanway, E. R.
name: Fruchter, A. S.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Bloom, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present late-time multi-wavelength observations of Swift J1644+57, suggested to be a relativistic tidal disruption flare (TDF). Our observations extend to >4 years from discovery, and show that 1.4 years after outburst the relativistic jet switched-off on a timescale less than tens of days, corresponding to a power-law decay faster than $t^{-70}$. Beyond this point weak X-rays continue to be detected at an approximately constant luminosity of $L_X \sim 5 \times 10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$, and are marginally inconsistent with a continuing decay of $t^{-5/3}$, similar to that seen prior to the switch-off. Host photometry enables us to infer a black hole mass of $M_{BH}=3 \times 10^6$ M$_{\odot}$, consistent with the late time X-ray luminosity arising from sub-Eddington accretion onto the black hole in the form of either an unusually optically faint AGN or a slowly varying phase of the transient. Optical/IR observations show a clear bump in the light curve at timescales of 30-50 days, with a peak magnitude (corrected for host galaxy extinction) of $M_R \sim -22-23$. The luminosity of the bump is significantly higher than seen in other, non-relativistic TDFs and does not match any re-brightening seen at X-ray or radio wavelengths. Its luminosity, light curve shape and spectrum are broadly similar to those seen in superluminous SNe, although subject to large uncertainties in the correction of the significant host extinction. We discuss these observations in the context of both TDF and massive star origins for Swift J1644+5734 and other candidate relativistic tidal flares.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
title: Cardiac CT emerging role in myocardial perfusion evaluation.
Creators: name: Seitun, Sara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Arteriosclerosis

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Evaluate the emerging role of dynamic myocardial perfusion assessment with CT, in patients with suspected ischemic cardiomyopathy, identifying: - Ischemic perfusion defects highlighted in stress conditions and reversible in rest conditions - Fixed...
Ribbonlength of families of folded ribbon knots
Creators: name: Denne, Elizabeth
name: Haden, John Carr
name: Larsen, Troy
name: Meehan, Emily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10

description: We study Kauffman's model of folded ribbon knots: knots made of a thin strip of paper folded flat in the plane. The folded ribbonlength is the length to width ratio of such a ribbon knot. We give upper bounds on the folded ribbonlength of 2-bridge, $(2,q)$ torus, twist, and pretzel knots, and these upper bounds turn out to be linear in the crossing number. We give a new way to fold $(p,q)$ torus knots and show that their folded ribbonlength is bounded above by $2p$. This means, for example, that the trefoil knot can be constructed with a folded ribbonlength of 6. We then show that any $(p,q)$ torus knot $K$ with $p\geq q>2$ has a constant $c>0$, such that the folded ribbonlength is bounded above by $c\cdot Cr(K)^{1/2}$. This provides an example of an upper bound on folded ribbonlength that is sub-linear in crossing number.
description: 33 pages, 26 figures. Second version corrects minor errors as well as Theorem 4: $(p,q)$ torus links with $p\geq q\geq 2$ have folded ribbonlength bounded above by $2p$
A Complete Uniform Substitution Calculus for Differential Dynamic Logic
Creators: name: Platzer, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.4.1; F.3.1; F.3.2; I.2.3
subject: 03F03, 03B70, 34A38

description: This article introduces a relatively complete proof calculus for differential dynamic logic (dL) that is entirely based on uniform substitution, a proof rule that substitutes a formula for a predicate symbol everywhere. Uniform substitutions make it possible to use axioms instead of axiom schemata, thereby substantially simplifying implementations. Instead of subtle schema variables and soundness-critical side conditions on the occurrence patterns of logical variables to restrict infinitely many axiom schema instances to sound ones, the resulting calculus adopts only a finite number of ordinary dL formulas as axioms, which uniform substitutions instantiate soundly. The static semantics of differential dynamic logic and the soundness-critical restrictions it imposes on proof steps is captured exclusively in uniform substitutions and variable renamings as opposed to being spread in delicate ways across the prover implementation. In addition to sound uniform substitutions, this article introduces differential forms for differential dynamic logic that make it possible to internalize differential invariants, differential substitutions, and derivatives as first-class axioms to reason about differential equations axiomatically. The resulting axiomatization of differential dynamic logic is proved to be sound and relatively complete.
description: Long article extending the conference version that appeared at CADE 2015, arXiv:1503.01981
Causal relationships between adolescents’ social self-efficacy and online communication with friends and new people
Creators: name: Dedkova, Lenka
name: Mýlek, Vojtěch
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Communication Technology and New Media
subject: Other Psychology
subject: Communication
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Interpersonal and Small Group Communication
subject: longitudinal
subject: survey
subject: new people
subject: social skills
subject: adolescents
subject: offline friends
subject: online communication
subject: social self-efficacy

description: In this study, we will examine the impact of online communication on adolescents’ social self-efficacy. We aim to enrich the current literature in several ways. First, we will test the internet-enhanced social skills hypothesis, which states that online communication provides adolescents with opportunities to practice and improve their social skills (Koutamanis et al., 2013). We will examine the relationships between adolescents’ online communication and social self-efficacy – an important part of adolescents’ social competence closely related to subjective well-being (Li et al., 2014). Second, we will use longitudinal design and employ a random intercept cross-lagged panel model to analyze the data. This procedure will allow us to draw causal conclusions and separate between-person differences from within-person dynamics (Hamaker et al., 2015). Lastly, we will examine the relationship between online communication and social self-efficacy for two types of communication partners – existing offline friends and new people met on the internet.
title: Use of Dual Energy CT (DE-CT) in myocardial perfusion alterations detection.
Creators: name: Boccalini, Sara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the possible myocardial perfusion alterations that can be revealed with a cardiac CT in Dual-Energy modality (DE): - Ischemic perfusion defects highlighted in stress conditions and reversible in rest conditions - Fixed ischemic perfusion...
An Inertial Block Majorization Minimization Framework for Nonsmooth Nonconvex Optimization
Creators: name: Hien, Le Thi Khanh
name: Phan, Duy Nhat
name: Gillis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we introduce TITAN, a novel inerTIal block majorizaTion minimizAtioN framework for non-smooth non-convex optimization problems. To the best of our knowledge, TITAN is the first framework of block-coordinate update method that relies on the majorization-minimization framework while embedding inertial force to each step of the block updates. The inertial force is obtained via an extrapolation operator that subsumes heavy-ball and Nesterov-type accelerations for block proximal gradient methods as special cases. By choosing various surrogate functions, such as proximal, Lipschitz gradient, Bregman, quadratic, and composite surrogate functions, and by varying the extrapolation operator, TITAN produces a rich set of inertial block-coordinate update methods. We study sub-sequential convergence as well as global convergence for the generated sequence of TITAN. We illustrate the effectiveness of TITAN on two important machine learning problems, namely sparse non-negative matrix factorization and matrix completion.
description: 42 pages, we have clarified several aspects of the paper
Functional Brain Alterations and Differences of Autobiographical Memory Regulation in Survivors of Adverse Childhood Experiences
Creators: name: von Schröder, Claudius
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: The goal of the present project is to extend previous findings on autobiographical memory regulation for traumatic events in survivors of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) by including adequate sample sizes and comparison groups, appropriate neuroimaging methods, by investigating memory regulation mechanisms, and by differentiating early trauma histories by type, timing, and severity of ACEs. Specifically, we plan to investigate whether functional alterations in brain perfusion, as well as autonomic stress reactivity during script-driven symptom provocation, and memory suppression ability vary dimensional as a function of the type, timing, and severity of abuse and neglect experienced before age eighteen (as measured by the MACE interview and the CTQ). Furthermore, we will examine if memory suppression ability moderates any relationships between symptom profile (i.e. dissociative vs intrusive/hyperarousal) and alterations in functional brain perfusion.
A survey and analysis of TLS interception mechanisms and motivations
Creators: name: de Carnavalet, Xavier de Carné
name: van Oorschot, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: TLS is an end-to-end protocol designed to provide confidentiality and integrity guarantees that improve end-user security and privacy. While TLS helps defend against pervasive surveillance of intercepted unencrypted traffic, it also hinders several common beneficial operations typically performed by middleboxes on the network traffic. Consequently, various methods have been proposed that "bypass" the confidentiality goals of TLS by playing with keys and certificates essentially in a man-in-the-middle solution, as well as new proposals that extend the protocol to accommodate third parties, delegation schemes to trusted middleboxes, and fine-grained control and verification mechanisms. We first review the use cases expecting plain HTTP traffic and discuss the extent to which TLS hinders these operations. We retain 19 scenarios where access to unencrypted traffic is still relevant and evaluate the incentives of the stakeholders involved. Second, we survey 30 schemes by which TLS no longer delivers end-to-end security, and by which the notion of an "end" changes, including caching middleboxes such as Content Delivery Networks. Finally, we compare each scheme based on deployability and security characteristics, and evaluate their compatibility with the stakeholders' incentives. Our analysis leads to a number of key findings, observations, and research questions that we believe will be of interest to practitioners, policy makers and researchers.
description: This paper will appear in ACM Computing Surveys
title: MDCT signs differentiating retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal lesions- diagnostic pearls
Creators: name: Kala, Prachi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The diagnosis of retroperitoneal lesions is challenging which includes lesions from the retroperitoneal organs and lesions outside the major organs. To differentiate and diagnose retroperitoneal lesions and Intraperitioneal lesions based on signs on...
Adolescents’ interactions with new people from the internet and the quality of existing friendships
Creators: name: Dedkova, Lenka
name: Mýlek, Vojtěch
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Interpersonal and Small Group Communication
subject: Other Psychology
subject: Communication
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Communication Technology and New Media
subject: Social Psychology
subject: survey
subject: face-to-face meetings
subject: displacement hypothesis
subject: stimulation hypothesis
subject: longitudinal
subject: new people
subject: adolescents
subject: online communication
subject: friendship quality

description: The main aim of this study is to examine how adolescents’ online communication with new people they know only from the internet impacts the quality of their offline friendships. We expect that in line with the displacement hypothesis (Kraut et al., 1998; Nie, 2001), online communication with new people negatively impacts the quality of adolescents’ offline friendships. However, indirectly through the formation of new offline friendships, online communication with people met online may also stimulate offline friendship quality.
Metabolically mapping the duration of action of transcranial infrared laser stimulation in rat brains using histochemical staining
Creators: name: Wade, Zachary S.
name: 0000-0002-1393-4836
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Photobiomodulation
Cytochrome C oxidase
Transcranial infrared laser stimulation

description: Photobiomodulation via transcranial infrared laser stimulation (TILS) is a novel intervention for non-invasively simulating mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome c oxidase (CCO). CCO is the terminal enzyme in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, which catalyzes oxygen reduction for the metabolism of energy; the photoactivation of this enzyme is associated with improved cerebral oxygenation and cognition. This experiment aimed to measure the duration of effects of TILS in rat brains up to 4 weeks after a single stimulation session. The rats’ brains were collected 1 day, 2 weeks, or 4 weeks post-stimulation, and untreated brains were collected 1 day after the sham procedure. Coronal sections of the brains were stained using cytochrome oxidase histochemistry, then digitally imaged. Optical density readings of 28 regions of interest were taken using ImageJ and then converted to cytochrome C oxidase activity units for analysis. ANCOVAs compared each active laser condition to sham with whole brain average as a covariate. The infralimbic cortex showed significant mean differences from 1-day to sham (p=0.04) and 2-weeks to sham (p=0.023). Other significant differences from 2-weeks to sham included lateral septum (p=0.015), accumbens core (p=0.017), CA3 of the hippocampus (p=0.02), and the molecular layer of the hippocampus (p=0.009). Medial amygdala showed a significant difference between 4-weeks and sham (p=0.036). In addition, correlation analysis suggested that functional connectivity of the brain regions of interest increased as the result of TILS, with the most pronounced changes at 4-weeks post-stimulation.
Why American Authorities Should Consider a Temporary Recommendation for Use of Baclofen in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder
Creators: name: Chedaille, Philippe
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The existing literature disagrees in terms of treatment options and alternatives for individuals dealing with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), but agree on the need to solve this public health concern. This paper seeks to first understand the disease and the drugs available for its treatment and secondly reviews the guidelines and regulations that either restrict or encourage the market authorization (MA) of a drug. Those will be the foundations for suggesting the implementation of a temporary recommendation for use of the Baclofen in the treatment of AUD. A review of positive and negative outcomes from peer-reviewed Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) is provided to demonstrate Baclofen's success in the treatment of AUD and support the implementation of a temporary recommendation for use (TRU) in the United States.
High-velocity gas towards the LMC resides in the Milky Way halo
Creators: name: Richter, P.
name: de Boer, K. S.
name: Werner, K.
name: Rauch, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To explore the origin of high-velocity gas in the direction of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) we analyze absorption lines in the ultraviolet spectrum of a Galactic halo star that is located in front of the LMC at d=9.2 kpc distance. We study the velocity-component structure of low and intermediate metal ions in the spectrum of RXJ0439.8-6809, as obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) onboard HST, and measure equivalent widths and column densities for these ions. We supplement our COS data with a Far-Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer spectrum of the nearby LMC star Sk-69 59 and with HI 21cm data from the Leiden-Argentina-Bonn (LAB) survey. Metal absorption towards RXJ0439.8-6809 is unambiguously detected in three different velocity components near v_LSR=0,+60, and +150 km/s. The presence of absorption proves that all three gas components are situated in front of the star, thus being located in the disk and inner halo of the Milky Way. For the high-velocity cloud (HVC) at v_LSR=+150 km/s we derive an oxygen abundance of [O/H]=-0.63 (~0.2 solar) from the neighbouring Sk-69 59 sightline, in accordance with previous abundance measurements for this HVC. From the observed kinematics we infer that the HVC hardly participates in the Galactic rotation. Our study shows that the HVC towards the LMC represents a Milky Way halo cloud that traces low-column density gas with relatively low metallicity. It rules out scenarios in which the HVC represents material close to the LMC that stems from a LMC outflow.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; submitted to A&A Letters
Anti-corruption, Transparency, and Accountability in the Pharmaceutical Sector: Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Vargas Ares, M. Carmen
name: Kohler, Jillian
name: Townsend, Belinda
name: Khalil, Hanan
name: Yaptenco, Kevin
name: Gleeson, Deborah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Other Business
subject: Pharmacy Administration, Policy and Regulation
subject: Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Health Services Administration
subject: Health and Medical Administration
subject: Accountability
subject: ACTA
subject: Anti-corruption
subject: Framework
subject: Pharmaceutical sector
subject: Transparency

description: The objective of this scoping review is to examine the institutions, policies, and processes that foster anti-corruption, transparency, and accountability in the pharmaceutical sector.
Adhesion energy measurements for silver films on alumina using micro-cold spray
Creators: name: Goyal, Aditya
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Micro-cold spray
Adhesion measurements
Aerosol deposition
Additive manufacturing

description: Conducting patterned silver traces are deposited onto substrates for use as electrical interconnects on many devices. Unlike existing processes that require a high temperature post-deposition step, the micro cold spray (MCS) process can be conducted at room temperature. A key issue for this application is the adhesion of the silver to the substrate. There are a variety of qualitative methods for evaluating adhesion of films that include the tape test where adhesives of different strengths are applied to the surface and then peeled off to determine the relative adhesion of the film to the substrate. This thesis is focused on the development of a sandwich specimen geometry to enable a quantitative measurement of the adhesion energy of films deposited onto substrates using the micro cold spray process. Silver films were deposited onto alumina films using the MCS process. Sandwich specimens were then produced where a second alumina substrate was bonded to the top of the silver film using different adhesives. Of the adhesives that were tested, it was found that fast acting epoxy provided the best combination of properties for this purpose. The samples were then tested using a previously developed flexural test that was used to supply the driving force to first drive the crack through the lower substrate and then for delamination of the film. The experiments revealed that the force required to initiate fracture was sufficiently high that the crack propagated dynamically until it fully delaminated the film which did not enable a direct measurement of the adhesion energy. Analysis showed that an upper bound of the adhesion energy could be determined. However, the obtained interfacial energy from these experiments was found out to be around 10 J/m². The results and suggestions for improving the tests are discussed.
Phase diagram of 4D field theories with chiral anomaly from holography
Creators: name: Ammon, Martin
name: Leiber, Julian
name: Macedo, Rodrigo P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within gauge/gravity duality, we study the class of four dimensional CFTs with chiral anomaly described by Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in five dimensions. In particular we determine the phase diagram at finite temperature, chemical potential and magnetic field. At high temperatures the solution is given by an electrically and magnetically charged AdS Reissner-Nordstroem black brane. For sufficiently large Chern-Simons coupling and at sufficiently low temperatures and small magnetic fields, we find a new phase with helical order, breaking translational invariance spontaneously. For the Chern-Simons couplings studied, the phase transition is second order with mean field exponents. Since the entropy density vanishes in the limit of zero temperature we are confident that this is the true ground state which is the holographic version of a chiral magnetic spiral.
description: 42 pages, 16 figures. Match published version
Combining Harmonic Generation and Laser Chirping to Achieve High Spectral Density in Compton Sources
Creators: name: Terzić, Balša
name: Reeves, Cody
name: Krafft, Geoffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently various laser-chirping schemes have been investigated with the goal of reducing or eliminating ponderomotive line broadening in Compton or Thomson scattering occurring at high laser intensities. As a next level of detail in the spectrum calculations, we have calculated the line smoothing and broadening expected due to incident beam energy spread within a one-dimensional plane wave model for the incident laser pulse, both for compensated (chirped) and unchirped cases. The scattered compensated distributions are treatable analytically within three models for the envelope of the incident laser pulses: Gaussian, Lorentzian, or hyperbolic secant. We use the new results to demonstrate that the laser chirping in Compton sources at high laser intensities: (i) enables the use of higher order harmonics, thereby reducing the required electron beam energies; and (ii) increases the photon yield in a small frequency band beyond that possible with the fundamental without chirping. This combination of chirping and higher harmonics can lead to substantial savings in the design, construction and operational costs of the new Compton sources. This is of particular importance to the the widely popular laser-plasma accelerator based Compton sources, as the improvement in their beam quality enters the regime where chirping is most effective.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures