cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trichoderma mangshanicum K. Chen & W. Y. Zhuang HMAS 2017, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Chen, Kai
name: Zhuang, Wen-Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Pezizomycetes
Pezizales
Pezizaceae
Trichoderma
Trichoderma mangshanicum

description: Trichoderma mangshanicum K. Chen & W.Y. Zhuang, sp. nov. Fig 5
Fungal Names: FN570281.
 Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the type locality.
 Diagnosis. Colony growing moderate on CMD and PDA, slow on SNA 25 °C. Conidiophores trichoderma-like, phialides narrowly lageniform, conidia green, globose to subglobose, less commonly ellipsoid.
On CMD after 72 h colony radius 30–31 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 7 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, radial, finely zonate, aerial hyphae numerous, forming several concentric rings. Conidiation noted after 3 d, effuse on aerial hyphae, appearing in 5–6 concentric rings. No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
On PDA after 72 h colony radius 28 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 7 d at 25 °C. Colony similar to CMD, but aerial hyphae more abundant. Conidiation noted after 2 d, effused on aerial hyphae, numerous. Conidiophores symmetrical, trichoderma-like, comprising a conspicuous main axis with short side branches or phialides, branches paired or unpaired, rebranching 1–2 times. Phialides typically paired, less commonly solitary or in whorls of 3–4, narrowly lageniform, (8.1–)10.0–14.4(–18.1) × 2.2–3.3 μm, l/ w 3.0 –6.0, 1.4–2.8 μm wide at the base (n = 40). Conidia green, with 1 larger or many minute guttules, globose to subglobose, less commonly ellipsoid, 2.8–3.9(–4.6) × 2.8–3.6 μm, l/ w 1.0 –1.4 (n=40). No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
On SNA after 72 h colony radius 9–11 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 20 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, loose, margin irregular and not well defined, aerial hyphae inconspicuous. Conidiation noted after 7 d, on short erect conidiophores or aerial hyphae. No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
 Strains examined: CHINA. Hunan: Chenzhou, Mangshan, elev. 1703 m, isolated from soil, 13 November 2015, K. Chen TC860 (holotype HMAS 248810, ex-type culture CGMCC 3.18324). ibid., K. Chen TC862 (HMAS 248811); K. Chen TC863 (HMAS 248812).
 Notes: Trichoderma mangshanicum is closely related to T. pararogersonii (Fig 1), but the latter species differs in colony morphology, conidial shape and size (more elongate and slightly larger), and much slow growth rate on SNA (9–11 mm vs. 26–27 mm, 25 °C, 72 h, Jaklitsch & Voglmayr 2015). They show also divergent sequence data of all DNA markers tested in this study.
description: Published as part of Chen, Kai & Zhuang, Wen-Ying, 2017, Seven soil-inhabiting new species of the genus Trichoderma in the Viride clade, pp. 28-46 in Phytotaxa 312 (1) on pages 36-39, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13701723
Nielsen Realisation by Gluing: Limit Groups and Free Products
Creators: name: Hensel, Sebastian
name: Kielak, Dawid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20E06

description: We generalise the Karrass-Pietrowski-Solitar and the Nielsen realisation theorems from the setting of free groups to that of free products. As a result, we obtain a fixed point theorem for finite groups of outer automorphisms acting on the relative free splitting complex of Handel--Mosher and on the outer space of a free product of Guirardel--Levitt, as well as a relative version of the Nielsen realisation theorem, which in the case of free groups answers a question of Karen Vogtmann. We also prove Nielsen realisation for limit groups, and as a byproduct obtain a new proof that limit groups are CAT($0$). The proofs rely on a new version of Stallings' theorem on groups with at least two ends, in which some control over the behaviour of virtual free factors is gained.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure
title: Artificial neural networks for multi-target low-thrust missions
Creators: name: Viavattene, Giulia
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: Multi-target missions are an attractive solution to visit multiple bodies in a single mission, increasing the scientific return and reducing the cost, compared to multiple missions to individual targets. Designing multi-target missions represents a challenging task since it requires multiple options to be estimated, given the large number of objects which can be considered as potential targets. Low-thrust propulsion systems are preferred to rendezvous multiple targets in a mission as they allow to utilise less propellant mass than high-thrust systems to perform the same trajectory. However, low-thrust trajectories are computationally expensive to compute. This PhD thesis proposes to use artificial neural networks (ANN), as a fast and accurate estimation method for optimal low-thrust transfers. An artificial neural network and a sequence search (SS) algorithm can be designed to find solutions to three kinds of multi-target global optimisation problems: (i) multiple active debris removal missions (MADR), (ii) multiple near-Earth asteroid rendezvous (MNR) missions, with the option of returning a sample to Earth, and (iii) multi-objective optimisation of low-thrust propulsion systems for multi-target missions. MADR missions allows for the disposal of inactive satellites and larger objects, preventing the build-up of space junk and allowing to replace ageing agents in a constellation. Similarly, MNR missions allow to reduce the cost of each NEA observation and increase the possibility of visiting multiple asteroids of interest in a single mission. The trained ANN is employed within a SS algorithm, based on a tree-search method and breadth-first criterion, to identify multiple rendezvous sequences and select those with lowest time of flight and/or required propellant mass. To compute the full trajectory and control history, the sequences are subsequently recalculated by using an optimal control solver based on a pseudospectral method. Also, to optimise the propulsion system for a given mission, a multi-objective optimisation using a genetic algorithm is performed, where ANNs are employed to quickly estimate the cost and duration of multi-target transfers. The results show that neural networks can estimate the duration and cost of low-thrust transfers with high accuracy, for all the three applications. Employing machine learning within a sequence search algorithm to preliminary design multitarget missions allows to significantly reduce the computational time required with respect to other most commonly used methods in the literature, while maintaining a high accuracy. Given the combinatorial nature of the problem, the benefits in terms of computational time introduced by the ANN increase exponentially with a linear increase of the number of bodies in the database.
Trichoderma shaoguanicum K. Chen & W. Y. Zhuang HMAS 2017, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Chen, Kai
name: Zhuang, Wen-Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Pezizomycetes
Pezizales
Pezizaceae
Trichoderma
Trichoderma shaoguanicum

description: Trichoderma shaoguanicum K. Chen & W.Y. Zhuang, sp. nov. Fig 6
Fungal Names: FN570280.
 Etymology: The specific epithet refers to the type locality.
 Diagnosis. Colony growing fast on CMD, PDA and SNA at 25 °C. Conidiophores verticillium-like, phialides subulate, less commonly lageniform or ampulliform, conidia green, ellipsoid.
On CMD after 72 h colony radius 53–55 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 4 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, radial, zonate, aerial hyphae common. Conidiation noted after 4 d, formed on aerial hyphae and in pustules, pustules appearing in several concentric zones, denser along the colony margin, loose, first white, turning green after 6 d. Conidiophores verticillium-like, comprising a recognizable main axis, simple side branches arising along the length of the main axis, mostly paired, sometimes solitary. Phialides paired or in whorls of 3, typically straight, subulate, less commonly lageniform or ampulliform, (6.9–)10.3–15.0(–17.2) × 2.8–4.4 μm, l/w (1.8–)3.0–5.6, 2.1–3.3 μm wide at the base (n = 40). Conidia green, with 1–2 larger or many minute guttules, ellipsoid, 4.4–5.3(–7.2) × 3.6–3.9(–4.7) μm, l/ w 1.2 –1.6 (n = 40). No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
On PDA after 72 h colony radius 45–48 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 5 d at 25 °C. Colony similar to CMD, but with more pustules, pustules spreading in concentric rings, loose, aggregated. Conidiation noted after 2 d, formed on aerial hyphae and pustules. Chlamydospores common. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
On SNA after 72 h colony radius 18–20 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 15 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, radial, aerial hyphae inconspicuous, margin not well defined. Conidiation noted after 3 d, formed on pustules, pustules scattered, loose, with irregular shape, first white, turning green after 4 d. Chlamydospores rare. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
 Strains examined: CHINA. Guangdong: Shaoguan, Chebaling, elev. 500 m, isolated from soil, 9 November 2015, K. Chen TC826 (holotype HMAS 248809, ex-type culture CGMCC 3.18323). ibid., K. Chen TC825 (HMAS 248808).
 Notes: According to our phylogenetic analyses (Fig 1), T. shaoguanicum is closely related to T. hamatum which differs in much shorter phialides [(4.0–)5.0–7.7(–10.8) μm long], smaller conidia [(3.5–)4.0–4.7(–5.3) × (2.5–)2.7– 3.0(–3.3) μm], pachybasium-like other than verticillium-like conidiophores, and compact pustules with long hairs protruding from the surface (Jaklitsch & Voglmayr 2015).
description: Published as part of Chen, Kai & Zhuang, Wen-Ying, 2017, Seven soil-inhabiting new species of the genus Trichoderma in the Viride clade, pp. 28-46 in Phytotaxa 312 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13701723
Trichoderma tardum K. Chen & W. Y. Zhuang HMAS 2017, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Chen, Kai
name: Zhuang, Wen-Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Pezizomycetes
Pezizales
Pezizaceae
Trichoderma
Trichoderma tardum

description: Trichoderma tardum K. Chen & W.Y. Zhuang, sp. nov. Fig 7
Fungal Names: FN570278.
 Etymology: The specific epithet refers to slow growth of the fungus.
 Diagnosis. Colony growing very slow on CMD, PDA and SNA at 25 °C. Conidiophores acremonium-like to verticillium-like, phialides lageniform, conidia green, globose to subglobose.
On CMD after 72 h colony radius 8 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 40 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, margin slightly lobed, aerial hyphae inconspicuous. No conidiation noted within 30 d. No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
On PDA after 72 h colony radius 12–13 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 24 d at 25 °C. Colony white, margin not well defined, aerial hyphae numerous. No conidiation noted within 30 d. Chlamydospores rare. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
On SNA after 72 h colony radius 3 mm and mycelium not covering the plate within 40 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, inconspicuous, margin not well defined, aerial hyphae nearly lacking. Conidiation noted after 15 d, formed on short erect conidiophores and aerial hyphae. Conidiophores simple, acremonium-like to verticillium-like, unbranched with solitary phialides or with few simple branches inclined upwards. Phialides formed solitary, less commonly in whorls of 2–3, lageniform, (6.2–)9.0–13.1 × (1.4–)2.1–4.1(–5.0) μm, l/ w 2.5 –6.0(–9.0), 1.4–2.8 μm wide at the base (n = 30). Conidia green, globose to subglobose, 3.1–4.3 × 3.1–4.3 μm, l/ w 1.0 –1.2 (n=40). Chlamydospores numerous. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
 Strains examined: CHINA. Hubei: Shennongjia, elev. 2816 m, isolated from soil, 19 November 2014, K. Chen TC199 (holotype HMAS 248798, ex-type culture CGMCC 3.18320). ibid., K. Chen TC242 (HMAS 248799).
 Notes: Trichoderma tardum is most similar to T. oligosporum in slow growth rates on all three media, and scant conidia on CMD and PDA at 25 °C. The conidia of T. tardum are green while that of T. oligosporum are hyaline (Zhu & Zhuang 2015). As to phylogenetic positions, T. oligosporum belongs to the Psychrophilum clade other than Viride clade. Although T. caerulescens is sister of T. tardum, it differs in much faster growth rates (30–41mm on CMD, 27– 36mm on PDA, 24–30mm on SNA at 25 °C after 72 h), forming numerous conidia on CMD and PDA, and giving rise to blue pigments on CMD (Jaklitsch et al. 2012). The distinctions between T. tardum and T. bifurcatum were already discussed above.
description: Published as part of Chen, Kai & Zhuang, Wen-Ying, 2017, Seven soil-inhabiting new species of the genus Trichoderma in the Viride clade, pp. 28-46 in Phytotaxa 312 (1) on pages 39-43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13701723
Optimal Measurements for Symmetric Quantum States with Applications to Optical Communication
Creators: name: Krovi, Hari
name: Guha, Saikat
name: Dutton, Zachary
name: da Silva, Marcus P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimum probability of error (MPE) measurement discriminates between a set of candidate quantum states with the minimum average error probability allowed by quantum mechanics. Conditions for a measurement to be MPE were derived by Yuen, Kennedy and Lax (YKL). MPE measurements have been found for states that form a single orbit under a group action, i.e., there is a transitive group action on the states in the set. For such state sets, termed geometrically uniform (GU) by Forney, it was shown that the `pretty good measurement' (PGM) attains the MPE. Even so, evaluating the actual probability of error (and other performance metrics) attained by the PGM on a GU set involves inverting large matrices, and is not easy in general. Our first contribution is a formula for the MPE and conditional probabilities of GU sets, using group representation theory. Next, we consider sets of pure states that have multiple orbits under the group action. Such states are termed compound geometrically uniform (CGU). MPE measurements for general CGU sets are not known. In this paper, we show how our representation-theoretic description of optimal measurements for GU sets naturally generalizes to the CGU case. We show how to compute the MPE measurement for CGU sets by reducing the problem to solving a few simultaneous equations. The number of equations depends on the sizes of the multiplicity space of irreducible representations. For many common group representations (such as those of several practical good linear codes), this is much more tractable than solving large semi-definite programs---which is what is needed to solve the YKL conditions numerically for arbitrary state sets. We show how to evaluate MPE measurements for CGU states for some examples relevant to quantum-limited classical optical communication.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Assessing the Training Program for New Graduate Assistants: One Institution's Experience
Creators: name: Ashley, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006
Subjects: Reference services--usage
Student assistants--College and university libraries
Student assistants--training
Reference services--training--evaluation
Reference services--North Carolina

description: Much has been written about the importance of graduate assistants at the academic library reference desk yet little has been done to gauge how effective training programs are in comparison with the kinds of questions students are likely to receive.  This study analyzes the training program at one academic library to determine if the approach used adequately prepares students for the most common questions they are likely to encounter. Using a sample of actual questions asked at the reference desk, the training program graduate assistants receive was assessed to determine how well the type of training offered matched the most common types of questions asked.  The study finds that the training program does a good job of preparing students for certain kinds of questions but overlooks other important areas.
Three Upsilon Transforms Related to Tempered Stable Distributions
Creators: name: Grabchak, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the properties of three upsilon transforms, which are related to the class of $p$-tempered $α$-stable ($TS^p_α$) distributions. In particular, we characterize their domains and show how they can be represented as compositions of each other. Further, we show that if $-\infty
title: Design and performance of high-efficiency flexible thermoelectric Mmaterials and devices
Creators: name: Sun, Shuai
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401602
subject: Composite and hybrid materials
classificationCode: 401703
subject: Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical)

description: Thermoelectric (TE) materials, realizing the conversions between heat and electrics, have grasped intensive interest in temperature control, power generation, wearable electronics, and low-grade (< 400 K) waste heat recycling. Particularly, flexible TEs (FTEs) exhibit exceptional mechanical properties, light weight features, and outstanding processing performance. However, some unavoidable shortcomings such as insufficient TE performances, high toxicity, high price, and tedious pre-/post-processing steps still exist. Thus, this thesis focuses on preparing high-efficiency flexible TE materials, optimizing their performances, and digging into internal theories. Furthermore, as-prepared materials are utilized to install TE devices, ensuring their practical applications. We initially developed a super-large 25×20 cm2 commercial-graphite produced p-type composite films, by one-step standard industrial hot-pressing process. The prepared composite films with an optimized power factor (S2σ) of 94 μW m-1 K-2 are highly flexible and industrially promising. Furthermore, we utilized the ultrafast and cost-effective hot-pressing method to fabricate an ionic liquid/phenolic resin/carbon fiber/expanded graphite hybrid n-type film. The expanded graphite as the major component enables high flexibility, the introduction of phenolic resin and carbon fiber enhances the shear resistance and toughness of the film, while the ion-induced carrier migration contributes to a high power factor of 38.7 μW m−1 K−2. At last, a graphene oxide hybrid ionic FTE film was prepared, showing high comprehensive TE performance of S of −76.7 mV K−1, S2σ of 85.9 μW m−1 K−2, and ZT of 0.086 at 383 K, which is competitive among existing ionic thermoelectric materials. Simultaneously, tensile strength of 219.7 kPa, elongation at break of 389 %, Young’s module of 84.1 kPa, toughness of 0.4 MJ m−3, and flexibility of 180° bending are performed in this film. The in-situ integrated 9-leg 25×25 mm2 flexible device generates a superior output voltage of 205 mV under a small temperature difference of 5.7 K. This work involves the comprehensive study in the FTE area, where the results will provide general and valuable guidance to the material preparation, performance enhancement, devices designation, and industrial amplification.
Dual accelerating Airy-Talbot recurrence effect
Creators: name: Zhang, Yiqi
name: Zhong, Hua
name: Belić, Milivoj R.
name: Liu, Xing
name: Zhong, Weiping
name: Zhang, Yanpeng
name: Xiao, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the dual accelerating Airy-Talbot recurrence effect, i.e., the self-imaging of accelerating optical beams, by propagating a superposition of Airy beams with successively changing transverse displacements. The dual Airy-Talbot effect is a spontaneous recurring imaging of the input and of the input with alternating component signs. It results from the constructive interference of Airy wave functions, which is also responsible for other kinds of Airy beams, for example, Airy breathers. An input composed of finite-energy Airy beams also displays the dual Airy-Talbot effect, but it demands a large transverse displacement and diminishes fast along the propagation direction.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Trichoderma vulgatum K. Chen & W. Y. Zhuang HMAS 2017, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Chen, Kai
name: Zhuang, Wen-Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Pezizomycetes
Pezizales
Pezizaceae
Trichoderma
Trichoderma vulgatum

description: Trichoderma vulgatum K. Chen & W.Y. Zhuang, sp. nov. Fig 8
Fungal Names: FN570279.
 Etymology: The specific epithet refers to possessing common phenotypic features.
 Diagnosis. Colony growing moderate on CMD and PDA, slow on SNA at 25 °C. Conidiophores trichoderma-like, phialides ampulliform or narrowly lageniform, conidia green, globose to subglobose.
On CMD after 72 h colony radius 37–38 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 5 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, radial, margin well defined, aerial hyphae common, denser with distance from the original inoculum. Conidiation noted after 4 d, formed on aerial hyphae, mainly concentrated along the colony margin. No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
On PDA after 72 h colony radius 28–32 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 6 d at 25 °C. Colony green, finely zonate, green and yellow concentric rings alternate, margin well defined, aerial hyphae abundant. Conidiation noted after 2 d, formed on aerial hyphae, abundant, yellow, turning green. Conidiophores densely disposed, trichoderma-like, comprising a main axis with many side branches, branches typically paired, sometimes solitary or in whorls of 3, rebranching up to 3 times. Phialides paired or in whorls of 3–4, ampulliform or narrowly lageniform, (6.9–)9.0– 12.5(–15.2) × 2.5–3.5 μm, l/ w 2.2 –4.8, 2.1–2.8 μm wide at the base (n = 40). Conidia green, globose to subglobose, less commonly ellipsoid or oblong, 3.3–4.7(–6.1) × 3.1–3.9 μm, l/ w 1.0 –1.4(–2.0) (n=40). Chlamydospores rare. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
On SNA after 72 h colony radius 14–15 mm and mycelium covering the plate after 11 d at 25 °C. Colony hyaline, radial, margin not well defined, aerial hyphae absent. Conidiation not noted in 21 d. No chlamydospores observed. No distinct odor, no diffusing pigment observed.
 Strains examined: CHINA. Hubei: Shennongjia, elev. 2291 m, isolated from soil, 19 November 2014, K. Chen TC194 (holotype HMAS 248796, ex-type culture CGMCC 3.18319). ibid., K. Chen TC884 (HMAS 248797).
 Notes: Phylogenetically, T. vulgatum shows close relationship to T. austrokoningii and T. sinokoningii (Fig 1). Trichoderma austrokoningii differs in shorter phialides (7.0– 10.5 mm long), smaller conidia (3.0–3.7× 2.2–2.7 mm), and faster growth rates particularly on SNA (27–34 mm on SNA at 25 °C after 72 h, Samuels et al. 2006). Trichoderma sinokoningii grows faster on all media (50–52 mm on CMD, 38–40 mm on PDA, 20–22 mm on SNA at 25 °C after 72 h), and produces numerous conidia on SNA after 2 d (Qin & Zhuang 2016b).
description: Published as part of Chen, Kai & Zhuang, Wen-Ying, 2017, Seven soil-inhabiting new species of the genus Trichoderma in the Viride clade, pp. 28-46 in Phytotaxa 312 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.312.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13701723
Mechanics and Applications of Frugal Manufactured Materials and Functional Surfaces
Creators: name: SONG, ZHIXIONG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401408
subject: Manufacturing processes and technologies (excl. textiles)

description: This research work pioneers the feasibility of integrating the novel concept of frugal manufacturing into surface engineering techniques to assist the transformation of our manufacturing activities to a more sustainable level. The project utilizes inexpensive and easily accessible materials such as candle soot and copper sheets to fabricate functional surfaces and materials with extreme wettability and antimicrobial characteristics. With the underlying mechanisms behind them being fully investigated and understood, they subsequently exhibited excellent performances in deriving novel solutions to important applications such as fog water harvesting, surface sanitization, bioaerosol detection, wastewater remediation, and digital microfluidics.
title: Nonparametric Bayesian inference for meta-stable conformational dynamics
Creators: name: Köhs, Lukas
name: Kukovetz, Kerri
name: Rauh, Oliver
name: Koeppl, Heinz
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2022

description: Analyses of structural dynamics of biomolecules hold great promise to deepen the understanding of and ability to construct complex molecular systems. To this end, both experimental and computational means are available, such as fluorescence quenching experiments or molecular dynamics simulations, respectively. We argue that while seemingly disparate, both fields of study have to deal with the same type of data about the same underlying phenomenon of conformational switching. Two central challenges typically arise in both contexts: (i) the amount of obtained data is large, and (ii) it is often unknown how many distinct molecular states underlie these data. In this study, we build on the established idea of Markov state modeling and propose a generative, Bayesian nonparametric hidden Markov state model that addresses these challenges. Utilizing hierarchical Dirichlet processes, we treat different meta-stable molecule conformations as distinct Markov states, the number of which we then do not have to set a priori. In contrast to existing approaches to both experimental as well as simulation data that are based on the same idea, we leverage a mean-field variational inference approach, enabling scalable inference on large amounts of data. Furthermore, we specify the model also for the important case of angular data, which however proves to be computationally intractable. Addressing this issue, we propose a computationally tractable approximation to the angular model. We demonstrate the method on synthetic ground truth data and apply it to known benchmark problems as well as electrophysiological experimental data from a conformation-switching ion channel to highlight its practical utility.
Loop corrections to primordial non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Boran, Sibel
name: Kahya, E. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss quantum gravitational loop effects to observable quantities such as curvature power spectrum and primordial non-Gaussianity of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation. We first review the previously shown case where one gets a time dependence for zeta-zeta correlator due to loop corrections. Then we investigate the effect of loop corrections to primordial non-Gaussianity of CMB. We conclude that, even with a single scalar inflaton, one might get a huge value for non-Gaussianity which would exceed the observed value by at least 30 orders of magnitude. Finally we discuss the consequences of this result for scalar driven inflationary models.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, matches the published version in PRD
Oscillating and Static Universes from a Single Barotropic Fluid
Creators: name: Kehayias, John
name: Scherrer, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider cosmological solutions to general relativity with a single barotropic fluid, where the pressure is a general function of the density, $p = f(ρ)$. We derive conditions for static and oscillating solutions and provide examples, extending earlier work to these simpler and more general single-fluid cosmologies. Generically we expect such solutions to suffer from instabilities, through effects such as quantum fluctuations or tunneling to zero size. We also find a classical instability ("no-go" theorem) for oscillating solutions of a single barotropic perfect fluid due to a necessarily negative squared sound speed.
description: 5 pages; v2: additional references, minor clarification in Sec. IIC, matches version published in JCAP
Cumulant $t$-expansion for strongly correlated fermions
Creators: name: Zhuravlev, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic nonperturbative scheme is implemented to calculate the ground state energy for a wide class of strongly correlated fermion models. The scheme includes: (a) method of automatic calculations of the cumulants of the model Hamiltonian; (b) method of the ground state energy calculation from these cumulants using the $t$-expansion proposed by Horn and Weinstein [Phys. Rev. D \textbf{30}, 1256 (1984)] with new procedure of its extrapolation to $t\rightarrow\infty$. As an example of application of the method all cumulants up to the 8-th order for spinless fermion model are calculated exactly, and converging sequences of approximations to the ground state energy are obtained for one-, two- and three-dimensional versions of the model.
Piszter_et_al_TableS2_ESM.docx from Wide-gamut structural colours on Oakblue butterflies by naturally tuned photonic nanoarchitectures
Creators: name: Piszter, Gábor
name: Kertész, Krisztián
name: Bálint, Zsolt
name: Biró, László Péter
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Table S2: Investigated Arhopala species and specimens
Noncommutative Solenoids and the Gromov-Hausdorff Propinquity
Creators: name: Latremoliere, Frederic
name: Packer, Judith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58B34, 46L89

description: We prove that noncommutative solenoids are limits, in the sense of the Gromov-Hausdorff propinquity, of quantum tori. From this observation, we prove that noncommutative solenoids can be approximated by finite dimensional quantum compact metric spaces, and that they form a continuous family of quantum compact metric spaces over the space of multipliers of the solenoid, properly metrized.
description: 15 Pages, minor corrections
Mitteilungen des Oberhessischen Geschichtsvereins Gießen 23 (1920)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 1920
Subjects: subject: ddc:943

description: Roloff, G.: Ernst Vogt Beyhoff, Fritz: Stadt und Festung Gießen im Zeitalter des Dreißigjährigen Krieges, 2, Die Festung Gießen Paul, Gustav: Ein wiederaufgefundenes Schülerverzeichnis des Gießener Pädagogiums aus dem Jahre 1616 Eck, Johannes: Universitätsstudium der Zisterzienser mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Klosters Arnsburg Museumsbericht Bücherbesprechung Chronik des Vereins
Mitteilungen des Oberhessischen Geschichtsvereins Gießen 14 (1906)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 1906
Subjects: subject: ddc:943

description: Vigener, Fritz: Kuno von Falkenstein und Erzbischof Gerlach von Mainz in den Jahren 1354-1358 Schädel, Ludwig: Der Gründer der "Ludoviciana" in der Haft des Winterkönigs Schäfer, Rudolf: Das herrschaftliche Gericht zu Höchst an der Nidder Kleinere Mitteilungen: Vogt, Ernst: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Klosters Lorsch Ebel, Karl: Ein neues Buch über das alte Worms Schäfer, Rudolf: Zunftbriefe im Besitz des Großh. Kreisamts Lauterbach Heuser, Emil: Zu der ältesten Gießener Universitätsfahne Bericht des Konservators Chronik des Vereins
title: Thermodynamic stability and solid solution hardening effects of CrMnFeCoNi based high entropy alloys
Creators: name: Keil, Tom Christopher
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: High entropy alloys (HEAs) are a novel class of alloys, which emerged in 2004, containing five or more constituent elements in equiatomic or near-equiatomic ratio. On the one hand, this alloying concept opens up a vast compositional range and consequently a wide range of interesting properties, and on the other hand, it represents a break with classical metallurgy as there is no differentiation between solute and solvent species. The present thesis focuses on the change in properties by changing the overall allying concept from conventional alloys to HEAs. Diffusion couples or discrete sample compositions were used to investigate the thermodynamic stability and solid solution hardening effects in face- centered cubic (fcc) CrMnFeCoNi based HEAs. Diffusion couples were produced to investigate the phase stability as well as solid solution hardening effects within wide chemical gradients. The individual solubility limits of the different constituents are identified and discussed within the context of different phase stability models. Solid solution hardening was investigated up the phase boundary with an emphasis on the effects of the different constituents on the hardening behavior. The experimental nanoindentation hardness was analyzed using the classical Labusch solid solution hardening model as well as the more recent model from Varvenne and Curtin, which is specifically designed for equiatomic fcc HEAs. Discrete sample compositions based on the pseudo-binary (CrMnFeCo)1-xNix HEA system were used to study the transition behavior from a pure element over dilute solid solutions to HEAs with an focus on the effects of solutes on the microstructural refinement during deformation and on the microstructural stability during subsequent annealing. After high pressure torsion deformation, an inverse correlation was found between saturation grain size and solid solution hardening contribution for both dilute solid solutions as well as HEAs, i.e., the higher the solid solution hardening contribution, the lower the saturation grain size. Additionally, alloys with a higher solute concentration show an enhanced thermal stability in terms of grain growth, which can be attributed to the kinetic stabilization due to pinning effects (Solute and Zener drag).
Mitteilungen des Oberhessischen Geschichtsvereins Gießen 24 (1922)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 1922
Subjects: subject: ddc:943

description: Ebel, Karl: Aus der Geschichte von Grünberg in Oberhessen Velke, Wilhelm: Der erste Lutherdrucker stammt aus Grünberg in Oberhessen Vigener, Fritz: Die katholisch-theologische Fakultät in Gießen und ihr Ende Bericht über die Vereinstätigkeit 1920-1922
TASEP hydrodynamics using microscopic characteristics
Creators: name: Ferrari, Pablo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The convergence of the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process to the solution of the Burgers equation is a classical result. In his seminal 1981 paper, Herman Rost proved the convergence of the density fields and local equilibrium when the limiting solution of the equation is a rarefaction fan. An important tool of his proof is the subadditive ergodic theorem. We prove his results by showing how second class particles transport the rarefaction-fan solution, as characteristics do for the Burgers equation, avoiding subadditivity. In the way we show laws of large numbers for tagged particles, fluxes and second class particles, and simplify existing proofs in the shock cases. The presentation is self contained.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures. This version is accepted for publication in Probability Surveys, February 20 2018
Only Time Will Tell: A Content Analysis of Juvenile and Young Adult Literature on Characters with Disabilities and Whether Character Portrayals Have Improved Over Time
Creators: name: Wilson, Caitlin E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: People with disabilities--Juvenile fiction
People with disabilities--Fiction
Young adult literature--History & criticism

description: This research examines fourteen examples of juvenile and young adult fiction novels that include characters with disabilities. The study aims to analyze seven works of literature written between the years 1980--1990, and seven works of literature written between the years 2000--2010 in order to determine if the portrayals of characters with disabilities have seen improvement. Improvement in this sense would mean that the characters with disabilities were portrayed in a positive light, with a realistic depiction, and including a great sense of character development throughout the novel in which they are featured. Through this study, it is evident that there is a marked improvement in the portrayals of characters with disabilities, yet further representation in the amount of novels that are available for young audiences is still a work in progress.
Mitteilungen des Oberhessischen Geschichtsvereins Gießen 25 (1923)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 1923
Subjects: subject: ddc:943

description: Meyer, Wolfgang: Johann von Schlitz, gen. von Görtz, als Staatsmann und Politiker Ebel, Karl: Aus der Geschichte von Grünberg in Hessen Harrassowitz, Hermann: Alte Eisenhütten bei Ilbeshausen Nies, August: Ein Zweig der Familie von Moltke in Oberhessen Kunkel, Otto: Zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte, Ausgrabungen und Funde in Oberhessen 1920-1922 Museumsbericht
The M-theory origin of global properties of gauge theories
Creators: name: Amariti, Antonio
name: Klare, Claudius
name: Orlando, Domenico
name: Reffert, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that global properties of gauge groups can be understood as geometric properties in M-theory. Different wrappings of a system of N M5-branes on a torus reduce to four-dimensional theories with $A_{N-1}$ gauge algebra and different unitary groups. The classical properties of the wrappings determine the global properties of the gauge theories without the need to impose any quantum conditions. We count the inequivalent wrappings as they fall into orbits of the modular group of the torus, which correspond to the S-duality orbits of the gauge theories.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Mitteilungen des Oberhessischen Geschichtsvereins Gießen 20 (1912)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 1912
Subjects: subject: ddc:943

description: Immisch, Otto: Geschichte des großherzoglich hessischen philologischen Seminars in Gießen Becker, Eduard: Regesten aus dem Alsfelder Stadtarchiv 1501-1550 Kalbfuß, Hermann: Die Kirche zu Schiffenberg Bremer, Walther: Eberstadt, vor- und frühgeschichtliche Forschungen und Funde Kutsch, Ferdinand: Die Ringwälle auf dem Hausberg bei Butzbach Bericht des Konservators Chronik des Vereins
Mitteilungen des Oberhessischen Geschichtsvereins Gießen 17 (1909)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 1909
Subjects: subject: ddc:943

description: Kalbfuß, Hermann: Das Augustinerchorherrenstift Schiffenberg Knetsch, Karl: Ueber den heutigen Stand der genealogischen Forschung in Hessen Kleinere Mitteilungen: Schäfer, Rudolf: Gräfliche Ysenburgische Verordnung über die Feldfrevel vom 15. Okt. 1736 Schäfer, Rudolf: Gräfliche Ysenburgische Verordnung wegen des Diebsbuchs und des Diebsschillings Lehnert, G.: Nachträge und Berichtigungen zur Chronik der Universität Gießen, Bd. I der Festschrift zur 3. Jahrhundertfeier Ebel, Karl: Eine neue hessische Zeitschrift für Heimatgeschichte Bericht des Konservators Chronik des Vereins
Skyrme models and nuclear matter equation of state
Creators: name: Adam, Christoph
name: Haberichter, Mareike
name: Wereszczynski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of pressure in a class of generalised Skyrme models. We introduce pressure as the trace of the spatial part of the energy-momentum tensor and show that it obeys the usual thermodynamical relation. Then, we compute analytically the mean-field equation of state in the high and medium pressure regimes by applying topological bounds on compact domains. The equation of state is further investigated numerically for the charge one skyrmions. We identify which term in a generalised Skyrme model is responsible for which part in the equation of state. Further, we compare our findings with the corresponding results in the Walecka model.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures; updated to match published version in Phys. Rev. C
Supplementary material and figures from Temperature activated transient receptor potential ion channels from Antarctic fishes
Creators: name: York, Julia M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Plant Cell and Molecular Biology
Animal Cell and Molecular Biology

description: Antarctic notothenioid fishes (cryonotothenioids) live in waters that range between −1.86°C and an extreme maximum +4°C. Evidence suggests these fish sense temperature peripherally, but the molecular mechanism of temperature sensation in unknown. Previous work identified transient receptor potential (TRP) channels TRPA1b, TRPM4 and TRPV1a as the top candidates for temperature sensors. Here, cryonotothenioid TRPA1b and TRPV1a are characterized using Xenopus oocyte electrophysiology. TRPA1b and TRPV1a showed heat-evoked currents with Q10s of 11.1 ± 2.2 and 20.5 ± 2.4, respectively. Unexpectedly, heat activation occurred at a threshold of 22.9 ± 1.3°C for TRPA1b and 32.1 ± 0.6°C for TRPV1a. These fish have not experienced such temperatures for at least 15 Myr. Either (1) another molecular mechanism underlies temperature sensation, (2) these fishes do not sense temperatures below these thresholds despite having lethal limits as low as 5°C, or (3) native cellular conditions modify the TRP channels to function at relevant temperatures. The effects of osmolytes, pH, oxidation, phosphorylation, lipids and accessory proteins were tested. No conditions shifted the activity range of TRPV1a. Oxidation in combination with reduced cholesterol significantly dropped activation threshold of TRPA1b to 11.3 ± 2.3°C, it is hypothesized the effect may be due to lipid raft disruption.
The conductivity of strong electrolytes from stochastic density functional theory
Creators: name: Démery, Vincent
name: Dean, David S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic density functional theory is applied to analyze the conductivity of strong two species electrolytes at arbitrary field strengths. The corresponding stochastic equations for the density of the electrolyte species are solved by linearizing them about the mean density of ionic species, yielding an effective Gaussian theory. The non-equilibrium density-density correlation functions are computed and the conductivity of the electrolyte is deduced. In the bulk, our results give a simple derivation of the results of Onsager and coworkers who used very different methods. The method developed here can also be used to study electrolytes confined in one and two dimensions and interacting via either the three dimensional Coulomb interaction or the Coulomb interaction corresponding to that dimension of space.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Mitteilungen des Oberhessischen Geschichtsvereins Gießen 22 (1915)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 1915
Subjects: subject: ddc:943

description: Beyhoff, Fritz: Stadt und Festung Gießen im Zeitalter des Dreißigjährigen Krieges, 1, Die Stadt Gießen Ebel, Karl: Der Reichskrieg gegen Philipp d.Ä. von Falkenstein 1364-1366 Museumsbericht Chronik des Vereins
Positive correlation between the cyclotron line energy and luminosity in sub-critical X-ray pulsars: Doppler effect in the accretion channel
Creators: name: Mushtukov, Alexander A.
name: Tsygankov, Sergey S.
name: Serber, Alexander V.
name: Suleimanov, Valery F.
name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cyclotron resonance scattering features observed in the spectra of some X-ray pulsars show significant changes of the line centroid energy with the pulsar luminosity. Whereas for bright sources above the so called critical luminosity these variations are established to be connected with the appearance of the high accretion column above the neutron star surface, at low, sub-critical luminosities the nature of the variations (but with the opposite sign) has not been discussed widely. We argue here that the cyclotron line is formed when the radiation from a hotspot propagates through the plasma falling with a mildly relativistic velocity onto the neutron star surface. The position of the cyclotron resonance is determined by the Doppler effect. The change of the cyclotron line position in the spectrum with luminosity is caused by variations of the velocity profile in the line-forming region affected by the radiation pressure force. The presented model has several characteristic features: (i) the line centroid energy is positively correlated with the luminosity; (ii) the line width is positively correlated with the luminosity as well; (iii) the position and the width of the cyclotron absorption line are variable over the pulse phase; (iv) the line has a more complicated shape than widely used Lorentzian or Gaussian profiles; (v) the phase-resolved cyclotron line centroid energy and the width are negatively and positively correlated with the pulse intensity, respectively. The predictions of the proposed theory are compared with the variations of the cyclotron line parameters in the X-ray pulsar GX 304-1 over a wide range of sub-critical luminosities as seen by the INTEGRAL observatory.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Mitteilungen des Oberhessischen Geschichtsvereins Gießen 21 (1914)
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
name: Justus Liebig University Giessen
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Gießen
Year: 1914
Subjects: subject: ddc:943

description: Bremer, Walther: Römisches aus der nördlichen Wetterau Vogt, Ernst: Mainz und Hessen im späteren Mittelalter, 2 Arnecke, Friedrich: Drei zeitgenössische Quellen aus den Tagen der Gießener Schwarzen Becker, Eduard: Regesten aus dem Alsfelder Stadtarchiv 1551-1832 Kleinere Mitteilungen Museumsbericht Chronik des Vereins
Supplemental Tables 1 and 2 from Rhythmic chew cycles with distinct fast and slow phases are ancestral to gnathostomes
Creators: name: Richard, Brian A.
name: Spence, Meghan
name: Rull-Garza, Mateo
name: Tolosa Roba, Yonas
name: Schwarz, Daniel
name: Ramsay, Jason B.
name: Laurence-Chasen, J. D.
name: Ross, Callum F.
name: Konow, Nicolai
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Clinical Microbiology
Evolutionary Biology not elsewhere classified

description: Information about animals used in this study.; Chew cycles and data used for analyses.