cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Swift sky localization of gravitational waves using deep learning seeded importance sampling
Creators: name: Kolmus, Alex
name: Baltus, Grégory
name: Janquart, Justin
name: van Laarhoven, Twan
name: Caudill, Sarah
name: Heskes, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fast, highly accurate, and reliable inference of the sky origin of gravitational waves would enable real-time multi-messenger astronomy. Current Bayesian inference methodologies, although highly accurate and reliable, are slow. Deep learning models have shown themselves to be accurate and extremely fast for inference tasks on gravitational waves, but their output is inherently questionable due to the blackbox nature of neural networks. In this work, we join Bayesian inference and deep learning by applying importance sampling on an approximate posterior generated by a multi-headed convolutional neural network. The neural network parametrizes Von Mises-Fisher and Gaussian distributions for the sky coordinates and two masses for given simulated gravitational wave injections in the LIGO and Virgo detectors. We generate skymaps for unseen gravitational-wave events that highly resemble predictions generated using Bayesian inference in a few minutes. Furthermore, we can detect poor predictions from the neural network, and quickly flag them.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Constraining the mass of the Local Group
Creators: name: Carlesi, Edoardo
name: Hoffman, Yehuda
name: Sorce, Jenny G.
name: Gottlöber, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass of the Local Group (LG) is a crucial parameter for galaxy formation theories. However, its observational determination is challenging - its mass budget is dominated by dark matter which cannot be directly observed. To meet this end the posterior distributions of the LG and its massive constituents have been constructed by means of constrained and random cosmological simulations. Two priors are assumed - the LCDM model that is used to set up the simulations and a LG model,which encodes the observational knowledge of the LG and is used to select LG-like objects from the simulations. The constrained simulations are designed to reproduce the local cosmography as it is imprinted onto the Cosmicflows-2 database of velocities. Several prescriptions are used to define the LG model, focusing in particular on different recent estimates of the tangential velocity of M31. It is found that (a) different $v_{tan}$ choices affect the peak mass values up to a factor of 2, and change mass ratios of $M_{M31}$ to $M_{MW}$ by up to 20%; (b) constrained simulations yield more sharply peaked posterior distributions compared with the random ones; (c) LG mass estimates are found to be smaller than those found using the timing argument; (d) preferred MW masses lie in the range of $(0.6 - 0.8)\times10^{12} M_{\odot}$ whereas (e) $M_{M31}$ is found to vary between $(1.0 - 2.0)\times10^{12} M_{\odot}$, with a strong dependence on the $v_{tan}$ values used.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Verschwendungsarm Arbeiten : Was Dienstleister von der Lean-Production-Philosophie lernen können
Creators: name: Kerka, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Institut f. angew. Innovationsforschung; Technische Informationsbibliothek u. Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: QP 500

description: Innovation: Forschung und Management; 30
New spectroscopic confirmations of Lyman-$α$ emitters at z $\sim$ 7 from the LAGER survey
Creators: name: Harish, Santosh
name: Wold, Isak G. B.
name: Malhotra, Sangeeta
name: Rhoads, James
name: Hu, Weida
name: Wang, Junxian
name: Zheng, Zhen-ya
name: Barrientos, L. Felipe
name: González-López, Jorge
name: Perez, Lucia A.
name: Khostovan, Ali Ahmad
name: Infante, Leopoldo
name: Jiang, Chunyan
name: Moya-Sierralta, Cristóbal
name: Pharo, John
name: Valdes, Francisco
name: Yang, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report spectroscopic confirmations of 15 Lyman-alpha galaxies at $z\sim7$, implying a spectroscopic confirmation rate of $\sim$80% on candidates selected from LAGER (Lyman-Alpha Galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization), which is the largest (24 deg$^2$) survey aimed at finding Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs) at $z\sim7$ using deep narrow-band imaging from DECam at CTIO. LAEs at high-redshifts are sensitive probes of cosmic reionization and narrow-band imaging is a robust and effective method for selecting a large number of LAEs. In this work, we present results from the spectroscopic follow-up of LAE candidates in two LAGER fields, COSMOS and WIDE-12, using observations from Keck/LRIS. We report the successful detection of Ly$α$ emission in 15 candidates (11 in COSMOS and 4 in WIDE-12 fields). Three of these in COSMOS have matching confirmations from a previous LAGER spectroscopic follow-up and are part of the overdense region, LAGER-$z7$OD1. Additionally, two candidates that were not detected in the LRIS observations have prior spectroscopic confirmations from Magellan. Including these, we obtain a spectroscopic confirmation success rate of $\sim$$80$% for LAGER LAE candidates. Apart from Ly$α$, we do not detect any other UV nebular lines in our LRIS spectra; however, we estimate a 2$σ$ upper limit for the ratio of NV/Ly$α$, $f_{NV}/f_{Lyα} \lesssim 0.27$, which implies that ionizing emission from these sources is mostly dominated by star formation. Including confirmations from this work, a total of 33 LAE sources from LAGER are now spectroscopically confirmed. LAGER has more than doubled the sample of spectroscopically confirmed LAE sources at $z\sim7$.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; Submitted to ApJ
TostadaHD: retos y metodologías de la educación virtual
Creators: name: del Rio Riande, Gimena
name: Afanador-Llach, Maria José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Humanidades Digitales

description: El 15 de abril de 2020, Gimena del Río Riande* y Maria José Afanador-Llach** moderaron una sesión de la TostadaHD sobre retos y metodologías de las educación virtual. Acá retomamos algunos aspectos de la discusión que tuvimos con los participantes.
Creating Linguistic Habits in the Lab
Creators: name: Kapatsinski, Vsevolod
name: Matthews, Danielle
name: Bannard, Colin
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The starting point for this projects is the observation that frequent production of sequence of words, sounds or characters XY produces an entrenched habit in language users such that:
1. Production of X can lead to the errorful production of Y in contexts where it is not appropriate (Bannard et al, 2019).
2. Production of Y in contexts other than X will become more difficult than otherwise would be the case (Harmon & Kapatsinki, 2021).
Learning to Operate an Electric Vehicle Charging Station Considering Vehicle-grid Integration
Creators: name: Ye, Zuzhao
name: Gao, Yuanqi
name: Yu, Nanpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) calls for the widespread installation of EV charging stations. To maximize the profitability of charging stations, intelligent controllers that provide both charging and electric grid services are in great need. However, it is challenging to determine the optimal charging schedule due to the uncertain arrival time and charging demands of EVs. In this paper, we propose a novel centralized allocation and decentralized execution (CADE) reinforcement learning (RL) framework to maximize the charging station's profit. In the centralized allocation process, EVs are allocated to either the waiting or charging spots. In the decentralized execution process, each charger makes its own charging/discharging decision while learning the action-value functions from a shared replay memory. This CADE framework significantly improves the scalability and sample efficiency of the RL algorithm. Numerical results show that the proposed CADE framework is both computationally efficient and scalable, and significantly outperforms the baseline model predictive control (MPC). We also provide an in-depth analysis of the learned action-value function to explain the inner working of the reinforcement learning agent.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Slitless spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope Near-Infrared Camera (JWST NIRCam)
Creators: name: Greene, Thomas P.
name: Chu, Laurie
name: Egami, Eiichi
name: Hodapp, Klaus W.
name: Kelly, Douglas M.
name: Leisenring, Jarron
name: Rieke, Marcia
name: Robberto, Massimo
name: Schlawin, Everett
name: Stansberry, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The James Webb Space Telescope near-infrared camera (JWST NIRCam) has two 2.'2 $\times$ 2.'2 fields of view that are capable of either imaging or spectroscopic observations. Either of two $R \sim 1500$ grisms with orthogonal dispersion directions can be used for slitless spectroscopy over $λ= 2.4 - 5.0$ $μ$m in each module, and shorter wavelength observations of the same fields can be obtained simultaneously. We present the latest predicted grism sensitivities, saturation limits, resolving power, and wavelength coverage values based on component measurements, instrument tests, and end-to-end modeling. Short wavelength (0.6 -- 2.3 $μ$m) imaging observations of the 2.4 -- 5.0 $μ$m spectroscopic field can be performed in one of several different filter bands, either in-focus or defocused via weak lenses internal to NIRCam. Alternatively, the possibility of 1.0 -- 2.0 $μ$m spectroscopy (simultaneously with 2.4 -- 5.0 $μ$m) using dispersed Hartmann sensors (DHSs) is being explored. The grisms, weak lenses, and DHS elements were included in NIRCam primarily for wavefront sensing purposes, but all have significant science applications. Operational considerations including subarray sizes, and data volume limits are also discussed. Finally, we describe spectral simulation tools and illustrate potential scientific uses of the grisms by presenting simulated observations of deep extragalactic fields, galactic dark clouds, and transiting exoplanets.
description: 12 pages with 7 figures, to be submitted to SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2016 (9904-13). Latest version has a minor figure correction
title: Essays on cost and surplus sharing games and contest theory
Creators: name: Pham, Ngoc Anh
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: This thesis contains three essays on cost and surplus-sharing games. In the first chapter, Lorenz comparison between increasing serial and Shapley value cost-sharing rule, I consider the cost-sharing problem using a cooperative approach and compare the Shapley value and the Moulin-Shenker’s (Increasing) serial rule in the Lorenz sense. The result allows me to provide the complete ordering in inequality among the four popular sharing rules: The average share, the Shapley value, the Increasing serial, and the Decreasing serial sharing rule. In the later two chapters, I study the Tullock contest, which is a different interpretation of the non-cooperative surplus sharing game with the average rule. My second chapter, Underperforming and Outperforming contestant: Who to support?, consider a repeated Tullock contest where the designer has the option to favour either the early winner or the loser in the subsequent round, aiming to maximise the total effort. In the later section of the chapter, the contest designer is granted the additional capability to determine the prize distribution between the two stages. My work focuses on the optimal biasing decision and allocation of prizes to achieve the highest level of effort. In the third chapter, Benefits of Intermediate Competition with Non-Monetary Incentive, the underlying assumption is that the designer places importance not only on the total effort invested in the contest but also on the contest’s selection accuracy. I focus on investigating the impact of introducing an intermediate stage with a non-monetary incentive on the contest’s performance in both dimensions. By analysing the contest from this perspective, my work provides insights into the potential advantages and enhancements that can be achieved through the inclusion of intermediate competition and non-monetary incentives.
Experimental validation of a micromechanically-based compaction law for soft/hard grain mixtures
Creators: name: Cárdenas-Barrantes, Manuel
name: Barés, Jonathan
name: Renouf, Mathieu
name: Azéma, Émilien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we report on an experimental study which analyzes the compressive behavior of 2D bidisperse granular assemblies made of soft (hyperelastic) and hard grains in varying proportions ($κ$). By means of a recently developed uniaxial compression set-up \cite{vu2019_pre} and using advanced Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method, we follow, beyond the jamming point, the evolution of the main mechanical observables, from the global scale down to the strain field inside each deformable grain. First, we experimentally validate and extend to the uni-axial case a recently proposed micro-mechanical compaction model linking the evolution of the applied pressure $P$ to the packing fraction $ϕ$ \cite{cantor2020_prl}. Second, we reveal two different linear regimes depending on whether the system is above or below a cross-over strain unraveling a transition from a discrete to a continuous-like system. Third, the evolution of these linear laws are found to vary linearly with $κ$, up to a saturation point around $κ=80$\% of hard particles. These results provide a comprehensive experimental and theoretical framework that can now be extended to a more general class of polydisperse soft granular systems.
description: 5 pages
Bayesian analysis of effective dark matter models
Creators: name: Newstead, Jayden L.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Cosmological models based on a complex scalar field with a power-law potential associated with a polytropic equation of state
Creators: name: Chavanis, Pierre-Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct cosmological models based on a complex scalar field with a power-law potential $V=\frac{K}{γ-1}(\frac{m}{\hbar})^{2γ}|φ|^{2γ}$ associated with a polytropic equation of state $P=Kρ^γ$ (the potential associated with an isothermal equation of state $P=ρk_B T/m$ is $V=\frac{m k_B T}{\hbar^2}|φ|^2 [\ln(m^2|φ|^2/ρ_*\hbar^2)-1]$ and the potential associated with a logotropic equation of state $P=A\ln(ρ/ρ_P)$ is $V=-A[\ln(m^2|φ|^2/\hbar^2ρ_P)+1]$). We consider a fast oscillation regime of ``spintessence'' where the equations of the problem can be simplified. We study all possible cases with arbitrary (positive and negative) values of the polytropic constant and polytropic index. The $Λ$CDM model, the Chaplygin gas model and the Bose-Einstein condensate model are recovered as particular cases of our study corresponding to a constant potential ($γ=0$), an inverse square-law potential ($γ=-1$), and a quartic potential ($γ=2$). We also derive the two-fluid representation of the Chaplygin gas model.
Hilbert space hypocoercivity for the Langevin dynamics revisited
Creators: name: Grothaus, Martin
name: Stilgenbauer, Patrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a complete elaboration of the $L^2$-Hilbert space hypocoercivity theorem for the degenerate Langevin dynamics via studying the longtime behavior of the strongly continuous contraction semigroup solving the associated Kolmogorov (backward) equation as an abstract Cauchy problem. This hypocoercivity result is proven in previous works before by Dolbeault, Mouhot and Schmeiser in the corresponding dual Fokker-Planck framework, but without including domain issues of the appearing operators. In our elaboration, we include the domain issues and additionally compute the rate of convergence in dependence of the damping coefficient. Important statements for the complete elaboration are the m-dissipativity results for the Langevin operator established by Conrad and the first named author of this article as well as the essential selfadjointness results for generalized Schrödinger operators by Wielens or Bogachev, Krylov and Röckner. We emphasize that the chosen Kolmogorov approach is natural. Indeed, techniques from the theory of (generalized) Dirichlet forms imply a stochastic representation of the Langevin semigroup as the transition kernel of diffusion process which provides a martingale solution to the Langevin equation. Hence an interesting connection between the theory of hypocoercivity and the theory of (generalized) Dirichlet forms is established besides.
description: Published in Methods of Functional Analysis and Topology (MFAT), available at http://mfat.imath.kiev.ua/article/?id=847
Out of equilibrium stationary states, percolation, and sub-critical instabilities in a fully non conservative system
Creators: name: Génois, Mathieu
name: Hersen, Pascal
name: Bertin, Eric
name: Courrech, Sylvain
name: Grégoire, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exploration of the phase diagram of a minimal model for barchan fields leads to the description of three distinct phases for the system: stationary, percolable and unstable. In the stationary phase the system always reaches an out of equilibrium, fluctuating, stationary state, independent of its initial conditions. This state has a large and continuous range of dynamics, from dilute -- where dunes do not interact -- to dense, where the system exhibits both spatial structuring and collective behavior leading to the selection of a particular size for the dunes. In the percolable phase, the system presents a percolation threshold when the initial density increases. This percolation is unusual, as it happens on a continuous space for moving, interacting, finite lifetime dunes. For extreme parameters, the system exhibits a sub-critical instability, where some of the dunes in the field grow without bound. We discuss the nature of the asymptotic states and their relations to well-known models of statistical physics.
Electronic transport and scattering times in tungsten-decorated graphene
Creators: name: Elias, Jamie A.
name: Henriksen, Erik A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic transport properties of monolayer graphene have been studied before and after the deposition of a dilute coating of tungsten adatoms on the surface. For coverages up to 2.5\% of a monolayer, we find tungsten adatoms simultaneously donate electrons to graphene and reduce the carrier mobility, impacting the zero- and finite-field transport properties. Two independent transport analyses suggest the adatoms lie nearly 1 nm above the surface. The presence of adatoms is also seen to impact the low field magnetoresistance, altering the signatures of weak localization.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures; fixed figure sizes and captions
Off the Beaten Path: Let's Replace Term-Based Retrieval with k-NN Search
Creators: name: Boytsov, Leonid
name: Novak, David
name: Malkov, Yury
name: Nyberg, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Retrieval pipelines commonly rely on a term-based search to obtain candidate records, which are subsequently re-ranked. Some candidates are missed by this approach, e.g., due to a vocabulary mismatch. We address this issue by replacing the term-based search with a generic k-NN retrieval algorithm, where a similarity function can take into account subtle term associations. While an exact brute-force k-NN search using this similarity function is slow, we demonstrate that an approximate algorithm can be nearly two orders of magnitude faster at the expense of only a small loss in accuracy. A retrieval pipeline using an approximate k-NN search can be more effective and efficient than the term-based pipeline. This opens up new possibilities for designing effective retrieval pipelines. Our software (including data-generating code) and derivative data based on the Stack Overflow collection is available online.
Initial directional singularity in inflationary models
Creators: name: Fernandez-Jambrina, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C75

description: In [1] a new cosmological model is proposed with no big bang singularity in the past, though past geodesically incomplete. This model starts with an inflationary era, follows with a stiff matter dominated period and evolves to accelerated expansion in an asymptotically de Sitter regime in a realistic fashion. The big bang singularity is replaced by a directional singularity. This singularity cannot be reached by comoving observers, since it would take them an infinite proper time lapse to go back to it. On the contrary, observers with nonzero linear momentum have the singularity at finite proper time in their past, though arbitrarily large. Hence, the time lapse from the initial singularity can be as long as desired, even infinity, depending on the linear momentum of the observer. This conclusion applies to similar inflationary models. Due to the interest of these models, we address here the properties of such singularities.
description: RevTeX, 11 pages, typos corrected
Reaching for the Edge I: Probing the Outskirts of Massive Galaxies with HSC, DECaLS, SDSS, and Dragonfly
Creators: name: Li, Jiaxuan
name: Huang, Song
name: Leauthaud, Alexie
name: Moustakas, John
name: Danieli, Shany
name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Abraham, Roberto
name: Ardila, Felipe
name: Kado-Fong, Erin
name: Lokhorst, Deborah
name: Lupton, Robert
name: Price, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outer light (stellar halos) of massive galaxies has recently emerged as a possible low scatter tracer of dark matter halo mass. To test the robustness of outer light measurements across different data sets, we compare the surface brightness profiles of massive galaxies using four independent data sets: the Hyper Suprime-Cam survey (HSC), the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS), the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), and the Dragonfly Wide Field Survey (Dragonfly). We use customized pipelines for HSC and DECaLS to achieve better sky background subtraction. For galaxies at $z<0.05$, Dragonfly has the best control of systematics, reaching surface brightness levels of $μ_r \sim 30$ mag/arcsec$^{2}$. At $0.19 200$ kpc without significant bias. At $0.19
description: 19 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to MNRAS. Main results are shown in Fig 5-10
Tissue specific computed tomography
Creators: name: Shankar, Rohini Vidya.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Application of recoil-imaging time projection chambers to directional neutron background measurements in the SuperKEKB accelerator tunnel
Creators: name: Schueler, J.
name: Vahsen, S. E.
name: Lewis, P. M.
name: Hedges, M. T.
name: Liventsev, D.
name: Meier, F.
name: Nakayama, H.
name: Natochii, A.
name: Thorpe, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaseous time projection chambers (TPCs) with high readout segmentation are capable of reconstructing detailed 3D ionization distributions of nuclear recoils resulting from elastic neutron scattering. Using a system of six compact TPCs with pixel ASIC readout, filled with a 70:30 mixture of He:CO$_2$ gas, we analyze the first directional measurements of beam-induced neutron backgrounds in the tunnel regions surrounding the Belle II detector at the SuperKEKB $e^+e^-$ collider. With the use of 3D recoil tracking, we show that these TPCs are capable of maintaining nearly $100\%$ nuclear recoil purity to reconstructed ionization energies ($E_\text{reco}$) as low as 5 $\mathrm{keV_\text{ee}}$. Using a large sample of simulated $^4$He, $^{12}$C, and $^{16}$O recoil tracks, we find consistency between predicted and measured recoil energy spectra in five of the six TPCs, providing useful validation of the neutron production mechanisms modeled in simulation. Restricting this sample to $^4$He recoil tracks with $E_\text{reco}>40$ $\mathrm{keV_\text{ee}}$, we demonstrate axial angular resolutions within $8^{\circ}$ and we introduce a procedure that under suitable conditions, correctly assigns the vector direction to $91\%$ of simulated $^4$He recoils. Applying this procedure to assign vector directions to measured $^4$He recoil tracks, we observe consistency between the angular distributions of observed and simulated recoils, providing first experimental evidence of localized neutron "hotspots" in the accelerator tunnel. Observed rates of nuclear recoils in these TPCs suggest that simulation overestimates the neutron flux from these hotspots.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures. Accepted by Nuclear Instruments & Methods In Physics Research, A
The LHC searches for heavy neutral Higgs bosons by jet substructure analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-Higgs-doublet model contains extra Higgs bosons, with mass ranges spanning from several hundred GeV to about 1 TeV. We study the possible experimental searches for the neutral Higgs bosons of $A$ and $H$ at the future high-luminosity LHC runs. Besides of the conventional search modes that are inspired by the supersymmetric models, we discuss two search modes which were not quite addressed previously. They are the decay modes of $A\to hZ$ and $A/H \to t \bar t$. Thanks to the technique of tagging boosted objects of SM-like Higgs bosons and top quarks, we show the improved mass reaches for heavy neutral Higgs bosons with masses up to $\sim{\cal O}(1)\,\TeV$. The modes proposed here are complementary to the conventional experimental searches motivated by the MSSM.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, proceedings of Hong Kong IAS conference 2016, based on two previous published papers of: 1410.4447, 1509.03848
A volcanological investigation of the polymagmatic Red Rock Volcanic Complex and a 3D geophysical interpretation of the subsurface structure and geology of the poly-lobate Lake Purdigulac maar, Newer Volcanics Province, southeastern Australia
Creators: name: Piganis, Felicity.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: Η κοινωνική προστασία ως δημόσια πολιτική
title: Social protection as public policy
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μπαρλαμά, Ιωάννα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Κοινωνική προστασία
Κοινωνική ασφάλιση
Κοινωνική πρόνοια
Προστασία υγείας
Δημόσια πολιτική
ΕΟΠΥΥ
ΕΦΚΑ

description: Η παγκοσμιοποίηση, η ραγδαία επιτάχυνση της τεχνολογικής προόδου, ο αυξανόμενος ανταγωνισμός των αγορών, η απελευθέρωση του εμπορίου, η διαρκής μεταβολή του επιχειρηματικού και παραγωγικού τοπίου, η οικονομική κρίση και οι δημοσιονομικές πολιτικές λιτότητας επέφεραν στην χώρα μας την συρρίκνωση των κοινωνικών δαπανών, την αποσταθεροποίηση των κοινωνικών σχέσεων και την αποδυνάμωση του κοινωνικού διχτύου προστασίας προς τις ευπαθείς κυρίως ομάδες. Ως εκ τούτου, καθίσταται επιτακτική η ανάγκη για ενίσχυση του θεσμού της κοινωνικής προστασίας ως δημόσιας πολιτικής. Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία θα συμβάλλει στην εμβάθυνση της έννοιας της κοινωνικής προστασίας ως «δημόσιας πολιτικής». Θα διερευνηθούν ενδεχόμενες δράσεις του Κράτους και πιθανοί συντελεστές της άμβλυνσης των κοινωνικών ανισοτήτων και της επίτευξης της μέγιστης κοινωνικής συνοχής και ευημερίας. Θα μελετηθεί ο τρόπος άσκησης της κοινωνικής πολιτικής στην Ελλάδα και θα επιχειρηθεί να αποδειχθεί με ποιούς τρόπους το κοινωνικό κράτος μπορεί να συμβάλλει στην οικονομική ανάπτυξη.
Representation Learning via Quantum Neural Tangent Kernels
Creators: name: Liu, Junyu
name: Tacchino, Francesco
name: Glick, Jennifer R.
name: Jiang, Liang
name: Mezzacapo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Variational quantum circuits are used in quantum machine learning and variational quantum simulation tasks. Designing good variational circuits or predicting how well they perform for given learning or optimization tasks is still unclear. Here we discuss these problems, analyzing variational quantum circuits using the theory of neural tangent kernels. We define quantum neural tangent kernels, and derive dynamical equations for their associated loss function in optimization and learning tasks. We analytically solve the dynamics in the frozen limit, or lazy training regime, where variational angles change slowly and a linear perturbation is good enough. We extend the analysis to a dynamical setting, including quadratic corrections in the variational angles. We then consider hybrid quantum-classical architecture and define a large-width limit for hybrid kernels, showing that a hybrid quantum-classical neural network can be approximately Gaussian. The results presented here show limits for which analytical understandings of the training dynamics for variational quantum circuits, used for quantum machine learning and optimization problems, are possible. These analytical results are supported by numerical simulations of quantum machine learning experiments.
description: v1,v2: 40=11+29 pages, many figures. v3: clearing typos, responding feedbacks, and minor modifications
Bose and Fermi Statistics and the Regularization of the Nonrelativistic Jacobian for the Scale Anomaly
Creators: name: Lin, Chris L.
name: Ordonez, Carlos R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We regulate in Euclidean space the Jacobian under scale transformations for two-dimensional nonrelativistic fermions and bosons interacting via contact interactions and compare the resulting scaling anomalies. For fermions, Grassmannian integration inverts the Jacobian: however, this effect is cancelled by the regularization procedure and a result similar to that of bosons is attained. We show the independence of the result with respect to the regulating function, and show the robustness of our methods by comparing the procedure with an effective potential method using both cutoff and $ζ$-function regularization.
description: 10 pages (this version is the published version)
Shared and Differential Neurocognitive Mechanisms in Obesity and Binge Eating Disorder from Adolescence to Adulthood: An Attempt to Improve Prediction of Clinical Outcome
Creators: name: Janssen, Lieneke
name: Waltmann, Maria
name: Horstmann, Annette
name: Herzog, Nadine
name: Deserno, Lorenz
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2020

description: This preregistration gives an overview of the background, overarching hypotheses, and design of a large study consisting of several subprojects. Detailed information about the subprojects and the respective analysis plans can be found in separate preregistrations.
Study of the very high energy gamma-ray spectrum from the Galactic Center and future prospects
Creators: name: Belikov, Alexander V.
name: Moulin, Emmanuel
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-based gamma ray observations of the Galactic Center region have revealed a high energy gamma ray source spatially coincident with the gravitational centroid of our Galaxy. The pointlike emission detected by H.E.S.S. exhibits an energy cut-off at about 10 TeV. We identify the parameters of the best fit of the exponential and the super-exponential cutoff models to the spectrum of the pointlike source and find that super-exponential one provides a similar quality of the fit to the spectrum of the pointlike source as the best-fit exponential cutoff model, while a dark matter interpretation does not provide as good a fit in the whole energy range of the signal. Based on the magnitude of the flux we derive constraints in the plane of the slope of the density profile $γ$ and the critical radius, below which the density is assumed to be constant, $r_c$. Motivated by recent results on the spectrum and morphology from H.E.S.S. and by the possible observation of a super-exponential cutoff, we forecast the observations of super-exponential versus exponential cut-offs by the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). We derive a formula for $J$-factor in the small angle approximation and propose approximate morphological constraints on the central source.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in PRD
title: Το παιδικό βιβλίο: Η συμβολή, η σημαντικότητα του στην προσχολική αγωγή και η αξιοποίηση του με ψηφιακή μορφή
title: The child's book: Its contribution, its significance in the preschool education and its utilization with a digital form
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Τσέντζου, Χριστιάνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Παιδικό
Βιβλίο
Τεχνολογίες
Ψηφιακό
Ολόπλευρη ανάπτυξη
Προσχολική αγωγή

description: Αναγνωρίζοντας τη σπουδαιότητα της προσχολικής ηλικίας για την ανάπτυξη των παιδιών, επισημαίνεται ο ρόλος που διαδραματίζει το παιδικό βιβλίο στη γλωσσική, πνευματική και κοινωνική τους ανάπτυξη. Αρχικά, αναλύονται τα οφέλη της ανάγνωσης παιδικών βιβλίων, όπως η ενίσχυση της γλωσσικής ικανότητας, η καλλιέργεια της φαντασίας και η ενεργοποίηση της δημιουργικότητας. Επιπροσθέτως, υπογραμμίζεται η αλληλένδετη σχέση και επιρροή που ασκεί η εικαστική πλευρά των παιδικών βιβλίων στην ανάπτυξης της αισθητικής αντίληψης. Η σημερινή εποχή χαρακτηρίζεται από την ασύλληπτη ταχύτητα με την οποία προχωρά η τεχνολογία με τις νέες γενιές να έρχονται σε επαφή με τον ψηφιακό κόσμο από τις πρώτες στιγμές της ζωής τους. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, ανακύπτει η ερώτηση για το κατά πόσο οι νέες γενιές έρχονται πλέον σε επαφή με τα παραδοσιακά βιβλία αλλά παράλληλα βιώνουν και τα οφέλη των νέων τεχνολογιών μέσω των ηλεκτρονικών βιβλίων. Εξετάζεται η ενσωμάτωση της ψηφιακής τεχνολογίας στην προσχολική αγωγή και τις μεθόδους με τις οποίες μπορεί να αξιοποιηθεί το παιδικό βιβλίο με ψηφιακούς τρόπους. Αναφέρονται πρωτοποριακές πρακτικές και εργαλεία, όπως τα ψηφιακά βιβλία, που προσφέρουν νέες δυνατότητες για τη διδασκαλία και την ανάπτυξη δεξιοτήτων στα παιδιά. Παρατηρούνται οι προκλήσεις και οι πιθανοί κίνδυνοι που συνδέονται με την αξιοποίηση της ψηφιακής τεχνολογίας στην προσχολική αγωγή, όπως η υπερβολική έκθεση στην οθόνη και η απώλεια της φυσικής αλληλεπίδρασης. Η ενθάρρυνση της ανταλλαγής ιδεών, της συζήτησης και της συνεργασίας συμβάλλει στην αποτελεσματική αξιοποίηση του παιδικού βιβλίου με ψηφιακούς τρόπους. Οι εκπαιδευτικοί μπορούν να διαμορφώσουν πλαίσια που ενθαρρύνουν την αλληλεπίδραση με τα ψηφιακά παιδικά βιβλία, παρέχοντας κατάλληλες οδηγίες και προσαρμοσμένες δραστηριότητες. Οι γονείς μπορούν να συμμετέχουν ενεργά, διαβάζοντας και συζητώντας με τα παιδιά τα ψηφιακά βιβλία και προωθώντας την κριτική σκέψη και την ανάπτυξη γλωσσικών δεξιοτήτων. Συνοψίζοντας, η παρούσα εργασία τονίζει τη σημαντικότητα του παιδικού βιβλίου στην προσχολική αγωγή και παρουσιάζει τη δυνατότητα αξιοποίησής του με ψηφιακούς τρόπους. Μέσω της δημιουργίας συνεργατικών περιβαλλόντων και της ενθάρρυνσης της συνεργασίας μεταξύ εκπαιδευτικών, γονέων και παιδιών, ευνοείται η ενίσχυση της εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασία η οποία προωθεί την ανάπτυξη της κριτικής σκέψης, της δημιουργικότητας, των κοινωνικών δεξιοτήτων και του ψηφιακού γραμματισμού παρέχοντας ταυτόχρονα μια ευκαιρία για εμπλουτισμό και ανεπτυγμένη εκπαιδευτική εμπειρία για τα παιδιά
Polarization study of gamma-ray binary
Creators: name: Hu, Xingxing
name: Takata, Jumpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization of X-ray emission is a unique tool used to investigate the magnetic field structure around astrophysical objects. In this paper, we study the linear polarization of X-ray emissions from gamma-ray binary systems based on pulsar scenarios. We discuss synchrotron emissions from pulsar wind particles accelerated by a standing shock. We explore three kinds of axisymmetric magnetic field structures: (i) toroidal magnetic fields, (ii) poloidal magnetic fields, and (iii) tangled magnetic fields. Because of the axisymmetric structure, the polarization angle of integrated emission is oriented along or perpendicular to the shock-cone axis projected on the sky and swings by 360? in one orbit. For the toroidal case, the polarization angle is always directed along the shock cone axis and smoothly changes along the orbital phase. For the poloidal/tangled magnetic field, the direction of the polarization angle depends on the system parameters and orbital phase. In one orbit, the polarization degree for the toroidal case can reach the maximum value of the synchrotron radiation (? 70%), while the maximum polarization degree for poloidal/tangled field cases is several 10%. We apply our model to bright gamma-ray binary LS 5039 and make predictions for future observations. With the expected sensitivity of the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, linear polarization can be detected by an observation of several days if the magnetic field is dominated by the toroidal magnetic field. If the magnetic field is dominated by the poloidal/tangled field, significant detection is expected with an observation longer than 10 days.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
Ultracold few fermionic atoms in needle-shaped double wells: spin chains and resonating spin clusters from microscopic Hamiltonians emulated via antiferromagnetic Heisenberg and t-J models
Creators: name: Yannouleas, Constantine
name: Brandt, Benedikt B.
name: Landman, Uzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances with trapped ultracold atoms intensified interest in simulating complex physical phenomena, including quantum magnetism and transitions from itinerant to non-itinerant behavior. Here we show formation of antiferromagnetic ground states of few ultracold fermionic atoms in single and double well (DW) traps, through microscopic Hamiltonian exact diagonalization for two DW arrangements: (i) two linearly oriented one-dimensional, 1D, wells, and (ii) two coupled parallel wells, forming a trap of two-dimensional, 2D, nature. The spectra and spin-resolved conditional probabilities reveal for both cases, under strong repulsion, atomic spatial localization at extemporaneously created sites, forming quantum molecular magnetic structures with non-itinerant character. These findings usher future theoretical and experimental explorations into the highly-correlated behavior of ultracold strongly-repelling fermionic atoms in higher dimensions, beyond the fermionization physics that is strictly applicable only in the 1D case. The results for four atoms are well described with finite Heisenberg spin-chain and cluster models. The numerical simulations of three fermionic atoms in symmetric double wells reveal the emergent appearance of coupled resonating 2D Heisenberg clusters, whose emulation requires the use of a t-J-like model, akin to that used in investigations of high T$_c$ superconductivity. The highly entangled states discovered in the microscopic and model calculations of controllably detuned, asymmetric, double wells suggest three-cold-atom DW quantum computing qubits.
description: 35 pages, 10 color figures. For related papers, see http://www.prism.gatech.edu/~ph274cy/
CO₂ adsorption selectivity of amine modified siliceous mesostructured cellular foam
Creators: name: Subagyono, Dirgarini Julia Nurlianti.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Kognitive und motivationale Effekte digitaler Medien in Lern- und Leistungssituationen
Creators: name: Brüggemann, Thomas Ulrich
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digitale Medien
subject: Moduseffekt
subject: Motivation
subject: Unterricht
subject: Kognitive Belastung
subject: 370

description: Digitale Medien sind mittlerweile ein wichtiger Bestandteil des Unterrichts. Sie erlauben neue Methoden der Unterrichtsgestaltung und sie lassen sich zur Kompetenzerfassung mit computerbasierten und computeradaptiven Testformaten einsetzen. Dabei unterscheiden sie sich von analogen Methoden oft in ihrer Funktionsweise und Darstellungsart. Diese Unterschiede können sich auf die kognitiven und motivationalen Merkmale von Lernenden auswirken. Die vorliegende Dissertation bearbeitete die Fragestellung, inwiefern sich digitale Medien sowohl in Lern-, als auch in Leistungssituationen auf die kognitiven und motivationalen Merkmale von Schülerinnen und Schülern auswirken. Die Dissertation umfasst drei Einzelbeiträge. Im ersten Beitrag wurde untersucht, wie sich die Einstellungen von Lehrkräften zu digitalen Medien im Unterricht vor dem Hintergrund der Schulschließungen aufgrund der COVID-19 Pandemie zwischen 2020 und 2021 veränderten. Darüber hinaus wurde die Veränderung des Technological, Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) der Lehrkräfte erfasst. Es konnte herausgefunden werden, dass das TPACK-Wissen der Lehrkräfte zwischen 2020 und 2021 anstieg, sich die Einstellungen gegenüber digitalen Medien der Lehrkräfte jedoch nur vereinzelt veränderten. Dabei schätzen Lehrkräfte digitale Medien 2021 als weniger motivierend auf die Schülerinnen und Schüler ein als 2020. Im zweiten und dritten Beitrag wurden die Effekte von digitalen Medien auf die kognitive Belastung, Testängstlichkeit und Lesemotivation in einem Lesekompetenztest für die vierte Klasse untersucht. Die Ergebnisse stellten keine negativen Auswirkungen von digitalen Medien in computerbasierten oder computeradaptiven Tests auf die kognitive Belastung, Testängstlichkeit oder Lesemotivation im Vergleich zu einem papierbasierten Test fest. Die Lesemotivation der Schülerinnen und Schüler war am Computer zunächst höher, sank über den Testverlauf jedoch auf das Niveau des papierbasierten Tests ab. Demgegenüber nahm die kognitive Belastung in allen Testformaten über den Testverlauf hinweg zu. Die Dissertation bietet neue Perspektiven auf die kognitiven und motivationalen Effekte digitaler Medien im Unterrichtskontext der Grundschule und liefert wichtige empirische Befunde zum Moduseffekt. Implikationen für die schulische Praxis und zukünftige Forschung werden diskutiert.
Majorana Neutrino Masses from Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decays and Lepton-Number-Violating Meson Decays
Creators: name: Liu, Jun-Hao
name: Zhang, Jue
name: Zhou, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schechter-Valle theorem states that a positive observation of neutrinoless double-beta ($0νββ$) decays implies a finite Majorana mass term for neutrinos when any unlikely fine-tuning or cancellation is absent. In this note, we reexamine the quantitative impact of the Schechter-Valle theorem, and find that current experimental lower limits on the half-lives of $0νββ$-decaying nuclei have placed a restrictive upper bound on the Majorana neutrino mass $|δm^{ee}_ν| < 7.43 \times 10^{-29}~{\rm eV}$ radiatively generated at the four-loop level. Furthermore, we generalize this quantitative analysis of $0νββ$ decays to that of the lepton-number-violating (LNV) meson decays $M^- \to {M^\prime}^+ + \ell^-_α+ \ell^-_β$ (for $α$, $β$ = $e$ or $μ$). Given the present upper limits on these rare LNV decays, we have derived the loop-induced Majorana neutrino masses $|δm^{ee}_ν| < 9.7 \times 10^{-18}~{\rm eV}$, $|δm^{eμ}_ν| < 1.6 \times 10^{-15}~{\rm eV}$ and $|δm^{μμ}_ν| < 1.0 \times 10^{-12}~{\rm eV}$ from $K^- \to π^+ + e^- + e^-$, $K^- \to π^+ + e^- + μ^-$ and $K^- \to π^+ + μ^- + μ^-$, respectively. A partial list of radiative neutrino masses from the LNV decays of $D$, $D_s^{}$ and $B$ mesons is also given.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, clarification added and references updated, Phys. Lett. B in press
Long-ranged order and flow alignment in sheared $p-$atic liquid crystals
Creators: name: Giomi, Luca
name: Toner, John
name: Sarkar, Niladri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a hydrodynamic theory of $p-$atic liquid crystals, namely two-dimensional anisotropic fluids endowed with generic $p-$fold rotational symmetry. Our approach, based on an order parameter tensor that directly embodies the discrete rotational symmetry of $p-$atic phases, allows us to unveil several unknown aspects of flowing $p-$atics, that previous theories, characterized by ${\rm O(2)}$ rotational symmetry, could not account for. This includes the onset of long-ranged orientational order in the presence of a simple shear flow of arbitrary shear rate, as opposed to the standard quasi-long-ranged order of two-dimensional liquid crystals, and the possibility of flow alignment at large shear rates.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2106.11957