cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Different effects of metformin and insulin on primary and secondary chemoprevention of colorectal adenoma in diabetes type 2
title: traditional and Bayesian meta-analysis
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Mansourian, Marjan
name: Karimi, Raheleh
name: Vaseghi, Golnaz
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Metformin
subject: Insulin
subject: Adenoma
subject: Colonic polyps
subject: Diabetes mellitus type 2
subject: Meta-analysis
subject: 610

description: Metformin and insulin differently affect the risk of colon cancer in type 2 diabetic patients, however their effects on colon adenoma is not clear. PubMed, ISI, Scopus and Cochrane databases were searched for studies reporting. The outcomes were total adenoma; advanced adenoma and recurrent adenoma. Traditional and Bayesian metaanalysis were conducted via random-effects models. Odds ratios (OR) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) / or credible intervals (CrI) were used to describe the ratio of different events. A random-effects model described by DerSimonian and Laird was performed, when significant between-study heterogeneity existed. Alternatively, an inverse variance fixed effects model was used, when there was no significant heterogeneity across studies. The potential publication bias was assessed with funnel plot, Egger and Begg's regression asymmetry tests. Moreover, “trim and fill” procedure was used to assess the possible effect of publication bias. For metformin intake, 11 studies (51991 patients) were included. The results showed that metformin significantly decreased the risk of advance adenoma (OR= 0.51, p< 0.001). The risk of total adenoma was not associated with metformin use (OR= 0.86, p=0.274), and metformin did not affect the risk of adenoma recurrence (OR= 0.89, p=0.137). Five studies (2678 patients) were included in the analysis to determine the effect of insulin therapy. Insulin significantly increased the risk of colorectal adenoma (OR= 1.43, p=0.002). These findings indicate that metformin has no protective effect on total and recurrent adenoma, whilst it significantly reduces the risk of advanced adenoma, but insulin increases the risk of total adenoma.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Nojadeh, Jafar Nouri
name: Sharif, Shahin Behrouz
name: Sakhinia, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: CRC
subject: MSI
subject: DNA MMR system
subject: 610

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease that is caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Although it is one of the most common cancers worldwide, CRC would be one of the most curable cancers if it is detected in the early stages. Molecular changes that occur in colorectal cancer may be categorized into three main groups: 1) Chromosomal Instability (CIN), 2) Microsatellite Instability (MSI), and 3) CpG Island Methylator phenotype (CIMP). Microsatellites, also known as Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are small (1-6 base pairs) repeating stretches of DNA scattered throughout the entire genome and account for approximately 3 % of the human genome. Due to their repeated structure, microsatellites are prone to high mutation rate. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a unique molecular alteration and hyper-mutable phenotype, which is the result of a defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system, and can be defined as the presence of alternate sized repetitive DNA sequences which are not present in the corresponding germ line DNA. The presence of MSI is found in sporadic colon, gastric, sporadic endometrial and the majority of other cancers. Approximately, 15-20 % of colorectal cancers display MSI. Determination of MSI status in CRC has prognostic and therapeutic implications. As well, detecting MSI is used diagnostically for tumor detection and classification. For these reasons, microsatellite instability analysis is becoming more and more important in colorectal cancer patients. The objective of this review is to provide the comprehensive summary of the update knowledge of colorectal cancer classification and diagnostic features of microsatellite instability.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
On the relation between the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ and the kinetic mass of heavy quarks
Creators: name: Fael, Matteo
name: Schönwald, Kay
name: Steinhauser, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the relation between the pole mass and the kinetic mass of a heavy quark to three loops. Using the known relation between the pole and the $\overline{\rm MS}$ mass we obtain precise conversion relations between the $\overline{\rm MS}$ and kinetic masses. The kinetic mass is defined via the moments of the spectral function for the scattering involving a heavy quark close to threshold. This requires the computation of the imaginary part of a forward scattering amplitude up to three-loop order. We discuss in detail the expansion procedure and the reduction to master integrals. For the latter analytic results are provided. We apply our result both to charm and bottom quark masses. In the latter case we compute and include finite charm quark mass effects. Furthermore, we determine the large-$β_0$ result for the conversion formula at four-loop order. For the bottom quark we estimate the uncertainty in the conversion between the $\overline{\rm MS}$ and kinetic masses to about 15 MeV which is an improvement by a factor two to three as compared to the two-loop formula. The improved precision is crucial for the extraction of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $|V_{cb}|$ at Belle II.
description: 53 pages, v2: Two typos in eq.(88) fixed
A non-hypergeometric E-function
Creators: name: Fresán, Javier
name: Jossen, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We answer in the negative Siegel's question whether all E-functions are polynomial expressions in hypergeometric E-functions. Namely, we show that if an irreducible differential operator of order three annihilates an E-function in the hypergeometric class, then the singularities of its Fourier transform are constrained to satisfy a symmetry property that generically does not hold. The proof relies on André's theory of E-operators and Katz's computation of the Galois group of hypergeometric differential equations.
description: 35 pages. Final version
Design, synthesis, characterization and computational docking studies of novel sulfonamide derivatives
Creators: name: Saleem, Hira
name: Maryam, Arooma
name: Bokhari, Saleem Ahmed
name: Ashiq, Ayesha
name: Rauf, Sadaf Abdul
name: Khalid, Rana Rehan
name: Qureshi, Fahim Ashraf
name: Siddiqi, Abdul Rauf
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sulfonamide
subject: Derivatives
subject: Synthesis
subject: Antimicrobial
subject: Activity
subject: Structure
subject: 610

description: This study reports three novel sulfonamide derivatives 4-Chloro-N-[(4-methylphenyl) sulphonyl]-N-propyl ben- zamide (1A), N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl benzene sulfonamide (1B) and 4-methyl-N-(2-nitrophenyl) ben- zene sulfonamide (1C). The compounds were synthesised from starting material 4-methylbenzenesulfonyl chlo- ride and their structure was studied through 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra. Computational docking was per- formed to estimate their binding energy against bacterial p-amino benzoic acid (PABA) receptor, the dihydrop- teroate synthase (DHPS). The derivatives were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial activity against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria including E. coli, B. subtilis, B. licheniformis and B. linen. 1A was found active only against B. linen; 1B was effective against E. coli, B. subtilis and B. linen whereas 1C showed activity against E. coli, B. li- cheniformis and B. linen. 1C showed maximum activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 50, 100 and 150 µg/mL against E. coli, B. licheniformis and B. linen respectively. 1C exhibited maximum affinity to DHPS with binding free energy of -8.1 kcal/mol. It enriched in the top 0.5 % of a library of 7663 compounds, ranked in order of their binding affinity against DHPS. 1C was followed by 1B which showed a moderate to low level MIC of 100, 250 and 150 µg/mL against E. coli, B. subtilis and B. linen respectively, whereas 1A showed a moderate level MIC of 100 µg/mL but only agai st B. linen. These derivatives may thus serve as potential anti-bacterial alternatives against resistant pathogens.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
The constraints of post-quantum classical gravity
Creators: name: Oppenheim, Jonathan
name: Weller-Davies, Zachary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of theories in which space-time is treated classically, while interacting with quantum fields. These circumvent various no-go theorems and the pathologies of semi-classical gravity, by being linear in the density matrix and phase-space density. The theory can either be considered fundamental or as an effective theory where the classical limit is taken of space-time. The theories have the dynamics of general relativity as their classical limit and provide a way to study the back-action of quantum fields on the space-time metric. The theory is invariant under spatial diffeomorphisms, and here, we provide a methodology to derive the constraint equations of such a theory by imposing invariance of the dynamics under time-reparametrization invariance. This leads to generalisations of the Hamiltonian and momentum constraints. We compute the constraint algebra for a wide class of realisations of the theory (the "discrete class") in the case of a quantum scalar field interacting with gravity. We find that the algebra doesn't close without additional constraints, although these do not necessarily reduce the number of local degrees of freedom.
description: 32 +4 pages, V2 added background material and general improvements. Accepted in JHEP
title: Alteration of hepatocellular antioxidant gene expression pattern and biomarkers of oxidative damage in diazinon-induced acute toxicity in Wistar rat
title: a time-course mechanistic study
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Hassani, Shokoufeh
name: Maqbool, Faheem
name: Salek-Maghsoudi, Armin
name: Rahmani, Soheila
name: Shadboorestan, Amir
name: Nili-Ahmadabadi, Amir
name: Amini, Mohsen
name: Norouzi, Parviz
name: Abdollahi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biomarker
subject: Diazinon
subject: Gene expression
subject: Molecular toxicity
subject: HPLC
subject: Oxidative stress
subject: Pesticide
subject: 610

description: In the present survey, the plasma level of diazinon after acute exposure was measured by HPLC method at a time-course manner. In addition, the impact of diazinon on the expression of the key genes responsible for hepatocellular antioxidative defense, including PON1, GPx and CAT were investigated. The increase in oxidative damages in treated rats was determined by measuring LPO, protein carbonyl content and total antioxidant power in plasma. After administration of 85 mg/kg diazinon in ten groups of male Wistar rats at different time points between 0-24 hours, the activity of AChE enzyme was inhibited to about 77.94 %. Significant increases in carbonyl groups and LPO after 0.75 and 1 hours were also observed while the plasma antioxidant power was significantly decreased. Despite the dramatic reduction of GPX and PON1 gene expression, CAT gene was significantly upregulated in mRNA level by 1.1 fold after 4 hours and 1.5-fold after 24 hours due to diazinon exposure, compared to control group. Furthermore, no significant changes in diazinon plasma levels were found after 4 hours in the treated rats. The limits of detection and quantification were 137.42 and 416.52 ng/mL, respectively. The average percentage recoveries from plasma were between 90.62 % and 95.72 %. In conclusion, acute exposure to diazinon increased oxidative stress markers in a time-dependent manner and the changes were consistent with effects on hepatic antioxidant gene expression pattern. The effect of diazinon even as a non-lethal dose was induced on the gene expression of antioxidant enzymes. The change in antioxidant defense system occurs prior to diazinon plasma peak time. These results provide biochemical and molecular evidence supporting potential acute toxicity of diazinon and is beneficial in the evaluation of acute toxicity of other organophosphorus pesticides as well.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Heat equilibrium distribution in a turbulent flow
Creators: name: Haba, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a shear flow of a scale invariant homogeneous Gaussian random velocity field which does not depend on coordinates in the direction of the flow. We investigate a heat advection coming from a Gaussian random homogeneous source. We discuss a relaxation at large time of a temperature distribution determined by the forced advection-diffusion equation. We represent the temperature correlation functions by means of the Feynman-Kac formula. Jensen inequalities are applied for lower and upper bounds on the correlation functions. We show that at finite time there is no velocity dependence of long range temperature correlations (low momentum asymptotics) in the direction of the flow but the equilibrium heat distribution has large distance correlations (low momentum behaviour) with an index depending on the scaling index of the random flow and of the index of the random forcing. If the velocity has correlations growing with the distance (a turbulent flow) then the large distance correlations depend in a crucial way on the scaling index of the turbulent flow. In such a case the correlations increase in the direction of the flow and decrease in the direction perpendicular to the flow making the stream of heat more coherent.
description: some references added, the version to appear in J.Math.Phys
Free fermions behind the disguise
Creators: name: Elman, Samuel J.
name: Chapman, Adrian
name: Flammia, Steven T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An invaluable method for probing the physics of a quantum many-body spin system is a mapping to noninteracting effective fermions. We find such mappings using only the frustration graph $G$ of a Hamiltonian $H$, i.e., the network of anticommutation relations between the Pauli terms in $H$ in a given basis. Specifically, when $G$ is (even-hole, claw)-free, we construct an explicit free-fermion solution for $H$ using only this structure of $G$, even when no Jordan-Wigner transformation exists. The solution method is generic in that it applies for any values of the couplings. This mapping generalizes both the classic Lieb-Schultz-Mattis solution of the XY model and an exact solution of a spin chain recently given by Fendley, dubbed "free fermions in disguise." Like Fendley's original example, the free-fermion operators that solve the model are generally highly nonlinear and nonlocal, but can nonetheless be found explicitly using a transfer operator defined in terms of the independent sets of $G$. The associated single-particle energies are calculated using the roots of the independence polynomial of $G$, which are guaranteed to be real by a result of Chudnovsky and Seymour. Furthermore, recognizing (even-hole, claw)-free graphs can be done in polynomial time, so recognizing when a spin model is solvable in this way is efficient. We give several example families of solvable models for which no Jordan-Wigner solution exists, and we give a detailed analysis of such a spin chain having 4-body couplings using this method.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures
Micronucleus cytome assay in the differential assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cadmium and lead in Amietophrynus regularis
Creators: name: Alimba, C.G.
name: Aladeyelu, A.M.
name: Nwabisi, I.A.
name: Bakare, A.A.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Acute toxicity
subject: Amphibian decline
subject: Cadmium and lead compounds
subject: Cytotoxicity
subject: Genome instability
subject: Micronucleus cytome assay
subject: Toad
subject: 610

description: Amphibians are increasingly being used as bio-indicator of contamination in ecosystems due to their sensitivity to xenobiotics in the environment. Cadmium and lead compounds, ubiquitous mutagens and carcinogens, are capable of eliciting genome instability in adult toads which may enhance amphibian decline. Micronucleus cytome (MN-cyt) assay, a comprehensive cytogenetic test for the assessment of genome instability induced by xenobiotics in organisms, was utilized in the differential cytogenotoxic evaluation of Cd and Pb in adult Amietophrynus regularis. A. regularis was exposed to six concentrations (8 – 512 mg/L) of the metal solutions to determine 96 h acute toxicity. Four toads per group were exposed to five sub-lethal concentrations (5 – 75 %) of the 96 h LC50 of the metals for 14 days. At post exposure, bone marrow and peripheral erythrocytes were collected for MN-cyt analysis. The metals induced differential concentration and time-dependent increase in mortality with 96 h LC50 of 36.36 mg/L (Cd) and 112.06 mg/L (Pb). No observable effective concentrations (NOEC); Cd=8 and Pb=32 (mg/L) and Lowest observable effective concentrations (LOEC); Cd=16 and Pb=64 (mg/L) were recorded for the metals. Derived toxicity factor (TF) showed that Cd was 3.08 times more toxic to the toads than Pb. The metal solutions induced significant (p<0.05) increase in frequencies of MN, binucleated, nuclear bud, notch, lobe, vacuolated erythrocytes, apoptosis and necrosis compared to the negative control. Cd elicited 1.42 and 3.26 folds increase in MN and NAs respectively, than Pb. MN-cyt assay is a suitable cytogenetic tool for assessing genome instability in A. regularis. Increased genetic instability induced by Cd and Pb may be associated with genetic related syndromes; neoplasms, reproductive dysfunctions and mortality. This suggests threat to amphibian health and may enhance population decline.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Aluminium oxide nanoparticles compromise spatial learning and memory performance in rats
Creators: name: M’rad, Imen
name: Jeljeli, Mustapha
name: Rihane, Naima
name: Hilber, Pascal
name: Sakly, Mohsen
name: Amara, Salem
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Aluminium oxide nanoparticle
subject: Hippocampus
subject: Oxidative response
subject: Spatial memory
subject: 610

description: Recently, the biosafety and potential influences of nanoparticles on central nervous system have received more attention. In the present study, we assessed the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3-NPs) on spatial cognition. Male Wistar rats were intravenously administered Al2O3-NP suspension (20 mg/kg body weight/day) for four consecutive days, after which they were assessed. The results indicated that Al2O3-NPs impaired spatial learning and memory ability. An increment in malondialdehyde levels with a concomitant decrease in superoxide dismutase activity confirmed the induction of oxidative stress in the hippocampus. Additionally, our findings showed that exposure to Al2O3-NPs resulted in decreased acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus. Fur- thermore, Al2O3-NPs enhanced aluminium (Al) accumulation and disrupted mineral element homoeostasis in the hippocampus. However, they did not change the morphology of the hippocampus. Our results show a connection among oxidative stress, disruption of mineral element homoeostasis, and Al accumulation in the hippocampus, which leads to spatial memory deficit in rats treated with Al2O3-NPs.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Evidence of a shared spectro-temporal law between sources of repeating fast radio bursts
Creators: name: Chamma, Mohammed A.
name: Rajabi, Fereshteh
name: Wyenberg, Christopher M.
name: Mathews, Abhilash
name: Houde, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectro-temporal characteristics of two repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs), namely, FRB 20180916B and FRB 20180814A, and combine the results with those from our earlier analysis on FRB 20121102A. The relationship between the frequency drift rate, or slope, of individual sub-bursts and their temporal duration is investigated. We consider a broad sample of possible dispersion measure (DM) values for each source to understand the range of valid sub-burst slope and duration measurements for all bursts and to constrain our results. We find good agreement with an inverse scaling law between the two parameters previously predicted using a simple dynamical relativistic model. The remarkably similar behaviour observed in all sources provides strong evidence that a single and common underlying physical phenomenon is responsible for the emission of signals from these three FRBs, despite their associations with different types of host galaxies at various redshifts. It also opens up the possibility that this sub-burst slope law may be a universal property among repeating FRBs, or indicates a distinct subclass among them.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted MNRAS
title: N1-benzenesulfonyl-2-pyrazoline hybrids in neurological disorders
title: syntheses, biological screening and computational studies
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Tripathi, Avinash C.
name: Upadhyay, Savita
name: Paliwal, Sarvesh
name: Saraf, Shailendra K.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 2-Pyrazolines
subject: Antidepressant and anti-anxiety
subject: Neurotoxicity
subject: Microwave synthesis
subject: Molecular docking
subject: In silico ADME prediction
subject: 610

description: A novel series of 1,3,5-trisubstituted-2-pyrazolines (5a-5t) was prepared via Claisen Schmidt condensation, followed by heterocyclization with hydrazine hydrate, substitution of N1 hydrogen of 2-pyrazoline nucleus with 4-chlorobenzenesulfonylchloride, applying conventional and green chemistry approaches. Among the two, microwave assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) emerged as a better synthetic tool in terms of faster reaction rate and high yield. Various physicochemical and spectral studies were conducted to characterize the synthesized derivatives including- IR, Mass, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and elemental analysis. During pharmacological evaluation, compound 5b showed excellent anti-anxiety activity and compound 5k exhibited the best antidepressant effect at the tested doses, 50 and 100 mg/kg b.w., being comparable to diazepam and imipramine, respectively. The docking experiments confirmed the probable mechanism of neuropharmacological action, showing excellent affinity towards MAO-A target protein, which was also evidenced from some of the key interactions with binding site residues Ala68, Tyr69 and Phe352. Furthermore, complimentary in silico pharmacokinetic recital without any potential risk of neurotoxicity (as evaluated by rotarod and actophotometer tests), or carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, reproductive toxicity, acute toxicity and irritancy (as predicted by LAZAR and OSIRIS programs) signified their probable use in depression and anxiety disorders.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
title: Ameliorative effects of Spirulina platensis against lead-induced nephrotoxicity in newborn rats
title: modulation of oxidative stress and histopathological changes
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Gargouri, Manel
name: Soussi, Ahlem
name: Akrouti, Amel
name: Magné, Christian
name: El Feki, Abdelfattah
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Antioxidant activities
subject: DNA and mRNA damage
subject: Nephrotoxicity
subject: Neonate rats
subject: Oxidative stress
subject: Spirulina supplementation
subject: 610

description: Our experimental work was aimed at evaluating the safety and protective effects of dietary spirulina supplemen- tation on the kidney of newborn rats, the offspring of lead contaminated lactating mothers. Female rats were ran- domly divided into four groups: group I (control) was given a normal diet, group II (positive control, S) received a diet enriched with spirulina, group III received only lead through drinking water (Pb), and group IV received both a diet enriched with spirulina and lead contaminated water (S Pb). The treatment of pregnant rats with lead administrated in drinking water, from the 5th day of pregnancy until day 14 after delivery, induced an increased level of renal lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl, hydrogen peroxide and advanced oxidation protein product, a decreased renal content of glutathione and antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in newborns. A statistically significant increase of renal DNA, mRNA, hematological parameters as well as in plasma urea and creatinine serum levels and lactate dehydrogenase was seen in pups, while those of uric acid declined. Interestingly, these biochemical modifications were accompanied by a significant decrease of lactate dehydrogenase in kidney, plasma alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl-transpeptidase levels, urinary levels of creatinine and urea. Conversely, supplementation of lead-treated mother’s with spirulina alleviated hematotoxicity induced by lead as evidenced, by restoring the biochemical markers cited above to near normal levels. Nevertheless, the distorted histoarchitecture in rat kidney attenuated following spirulina supple- mentation. It can be then concluded that spirulina is an important protective source against kidney impairments.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Metastability and anomalous behavior in the HMF Model: connections to nonextensive thermodynamics and glassy dynamics
Creators: name: Pluchino, A.
name: Rapisarda, A.
name: Latora, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some of the most recent results on the dynamics of the Hamiltonian Mean Field (HMF) model, a systems of N planar spins with ferromagnetic infinite-range interactions. We show, in particular, how some of the dynamical anomalies of the model can be interpreted and characterized in terms of the weak-ergodicity breaking proposed in frameworks of glassy systems. We also discuss the connections with the nonextensive thermodynamics proposed by Tsallis.
description: 12 pages. Talk presented at the International conference "Complexity, Metastability and Nonextensivity", July 20-26 2004, Erice, Sicily. To be published in the proceedings edited by C. Beck, G. Benedek, A. Rapisarda and C. Tsallis, World Scientific (2005)
A Deep Neural Network for SSVEP-based Brain-Computer Interfaces
Creators: name: Guney, Osman Berke
name: Oblokulov, Muhtasham
name: Ozkan, Huseyin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Objective: Target identification in brain-computer interface (BCI) spellers refers to the electroencephalogram (EEG) classification for predicting the target character that the subject intends to spell. When the visual stimulus of each character is tagged with a distinct frequency, the EEG records steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEP) whose spectrum is dominated by the harmonics of the target frequency. In this setting, we address the target identification and propose a novel deep neural network (DNN) architecture. Method: The proposed DNN processes the multi-channel SSVEP with convolutions across the sub-bands of harmonics, channels, time, and classifies at the fully connected layer. We test with two publicly available large scale (the benchmark and BETA) datasets consisting of in total 105 subjects with 40 characters. Our first stage training learns a global model by exploiting the statistical commonalities among all subjects, and the second stage fine tunes to each subject separately by exploiting the individualities. Results: Our DNN achieves impressive information transfer rates (ITRs) on both datasets, 265.23 bits/min and 196.59 bits/min, respectively, with only 0.4 seconds of stimulation. The code is available for reproducibility at https://github.com/osmanberke/Deep-SSVEP-BCI. Conclusion: The presented DNN strongly outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques as our accuracy and ITR rates are the highest ever reported performance results on these datasets. Significance: Due to its unprecedentedly high speller ITRs and flawless applicability to general SSVEP systems, our technique has great potential in various biomedical engineering settings of BCIs such as communication, rehabilitation and control.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Metaphonology, phonology and language in children with cleft palate
Creators: name: Rice, Martha J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the metaphonology and possible associated factors in children with non-syndromic cleft lip and palate. This prospective study involved 20 children who presented with non-syndromic cleft lip and cleft palate only. The 8 males and 12 females ranged in age from 66 to 84 months. Standardized tests were administered to assess the following abilities: metaphonology, phonology, morphosyntax and vocabulary, verbal working memory and non-verbal cognition. The results indicated that these children perform within normal limits on tests of metaphonology and on tests of morpho-syntax and vocabulary. Ninety percent of the children did have residual speech production problems appear to be related to dental issues such as malocclusions and missing teeth.
Dexmedetomidine inhibits inflammation in microglia cells under stimulation of LPS and ATP by c-Fos/NLRP3/caspase-1 cascades
Creators: name: Li, Hu
name: Zhang, Xueping
name: Chen, Mingfu
name: Chen, Jianyan
name: Gao, Tao
name: Yao, Shanglong
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dexmedetomidine
subject: NLRP3
subject: Inflammatory
subject: Microglia
subject: 610

description: NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) plays critical roles in the initiation of inflammasome-mediated inflammation in microglia, thus becomes an important therapeutic target of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Dexmedetomidine (Dex), a new type of clinical anesthetic agent, shows anti-inflammatory properties and inhibits postoperative cognitive dysfunction in AD patients. The present study was aimed to investigate effect of Dex on NLRP3 activity in activated microglia and reveal the underlying mechanisms. The human microglia clone 3 (HMC3) cells were exposed to 100 ng/ml LPS and 5 mM ATP, in the presence and absence of doses of Dex. Data from ELISA and Western blot assays showed that Dex abrogated the promoting effects of LPS/ATP on the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1ß and IL-18 in the cell medium and the expression of NLRP3 and its downstream target caspase-1 in HMC3 cells. Furthermore, the present study found that exposure of HMC3 cells to LPS/ATP increased nuclear protein levels of transcription factor c-Fos, but treatment with Dex reversed the increase in c-Fos, as indicated by Western blot and immunofluorescence measures. Luciferase reported assay revealed that c-Fos can bind to the promoter region of NLRP3 gene and positively regulate the expression. These results suggest that Dex inhibiting c-Fos nuclear protein levels promoted by LPS/ATP blocks the up-regulation of NLRP3. This suggestion is supported by co-immunoprecipitation and PCR studies, in which Dex decreased the amount of c-Fos that binds to NLRP3 under the stimulation of LPS/ATP. The present study revealed that Dex inhibits inflammation in microglia cells under stimulation of LPS and ATP by c-Fos/NLRP3/caspase-1 cascades, which adds new understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of Dex.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Micromegas in a Bulk
Creators: name: Giomataris, I.
name: De Oliveira, R.
name: Andriamonje, S.
name: Aune, S.
name: Charpak, G.
name: Colas, P.
name: Giganon, A.
name: Rebourgeard, Ph.
name: Salin, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a novel way to manufacture the bulk Micromegas detector. A simple process based on the PCB (Printed Circuit Board) technology is employed to produce the entire sensitive detector. Such fabrication process could be extended to very large area detectors made by the industry. The low cost fabrication together with the robustness of the electrode materials will make it extremely attractive for several applications ranging from particle physics and astrophysics to medicine
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Investigating climate tipping points under various emission reduction and carbon capture scenarios with a stochastic climate model
Creators: name: Mendez, Alexander
name: Farazmand, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the mitigation of climate tipping point transitions using an energy balance model. The evolution of the global mean surface temperature is coupled with the CO2 concentration through the green house effect. We model the CO2 concentration with a stochastic delay differential equation (SDDE), accounting for various carbon emission and capture scenarios. The resulting coupled system of SDDEs exhibits a tipping point phenomena: if CO2 concentration exceeds a critical threshold (around 478ppm), the temperature experiences an abrupt increase of about six degrees Celsius. We show that the CO2 concentration exhibits a transient growth which may cause a climate tipping point, even if the concentration decays asymptotically. We derive a rigorous upper bound for the CO2 evolution which quantifies its transient and asymptotic growths, and provides sufficient conditions for evading the climate tipping point. Combining this upper bound with Monte Carlo simulations of the stochastic climate model, we investigate the emission reduction and carbon capture scenarios that would avert the tipping point.
description: Accepted for publication in Proc. Roy. Soc. A
Associated Production of Neutral Higgs Boson with Squark Pair in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with Explicit CP Violation at the CERN LHC
Creators: name: Li, Zhao
name: Li, Chong Sheng
name: Li, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the associated production of neutral Higgs boson with squark pair in the minimal supersymmetric standard model with and without explicit CP violation, respectively. We show that the dominant productions in both cases are always ones of the lightest neutral Higgs boson associated with the lightest stop pair, which can reach a few pb, in the ranges of parameters allowed by constraints from the electric dipole moment experiments. In most of the parameter space, the total cross sections in the case with explicit CP violation are significantly enhanced, compared with ones without explicit CP violation. For some special parameters, several orders of magnitude enhancement can be obtained.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, version to appear in PRD
An analytical description of the disruption of star clusters in tidal fields with an application to Galactic open clusters
Creators: name: Lamers, Henny
name: Gieles, Mark
name: Bastian, Nate
name: Baumgardt, Holger
name: Kharchenko, Nina
name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple analytical description of the disruption of star clusters in a tidal field, which agrees excellently with detailed N-body simulations. The analytic expression can be used to predict the mass and age histograms of surviving clusters for any cluster initial mass function and any cluster formation history. The method is applied to open clusters in the solar neighbourhood, based on the new cluster sample of Kharchenko et al. From a comparison between the observed and predicted age distributions in the age range between 10 Myr to 3 Gyr we find the following results: (1) The disruption time of a 10^4 M_sun cluster in the solar neighbourhood is about 1.3+/-0.5 Gyr. This is a factor 5 shorter than derived from N-body simulations of clusters in the tidal field of the galaxy. (2) The present starformation rate in bound clusters within 600 pc from the Sun is 5.9+/-0.8 * 10^2 M_sun / Myr, which corresponds to a surface star formation rate in bound clusters of 5.2+/-0.7 10^(-10) M_sun/yr/pc^2. (3) The age distribution of open clusters shows a bump between 0.26 and 0.6 Gyr when the cluster formation rate was 2.5 times higher than before and after. (4) The present star formation rate in bound clusters is half as small as that derived from the study of embedded clusters. The difference suggests that half of the clusters in the solar neighbourhood become unbound within 10 Myr. (5) The most massive clusters within 600 pc had an initial mass of 3*10^4 M_sun. This is in agreement with the statistically expected value based on a cluster initial mass function with a slope of -2, even if the physical upper mass limit is as high as 10^6 M_sun.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Astronomy & Astrophysics
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor and retinoid receptors cross-talk at the CYP1A1 promoter in vitro
Creators: name: Hessel-Pras, Stefanie
name: Ehlers, Anke
name: Braeuning, Albert
name: Lampen, Alfonso
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cytochrome P450
subject: Dioxin
subject: Drug metabolism
subject: Enzyme induction
subject: RXR
subject: 610

description: The epithelium of the small intestine plays an important role in detoxification processes due to the presence of various xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes from phase I and II, as well as transport proteins of the ATP-binding cassette superfamily. Exposure to xenobiotics induces the expression of these proteins in the small intestine, with multiple signaling pathways stimulated by exogenous compounds converging at individual gene promoters by mechanisms which have not been fully understood yet. In this context the promoter region of the CYP1A1 gene, encoding the phase I monooxygenase cytochrome P450 1A1, was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation with regard to binding of xeno-sensing receptors following stimulation of Caco-2 cells with agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and retinoid receptors. Histone acetylation in the regulatory region of CYP1A1 was enhanced by treatment with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or all-trans retinoic acid (at-RA). Binding of retinoid-X-receptor (RXR) α to the promoter region was detected in response to at-RA, while AHR bound to the gene promoter following its activation by TCDD. Of note, enhanced RXRα binding was also detected after AHR stimulation, and increased AHR binding was observed after retinoid receptor activation by at-RA. Exposure of Caco-2 cells to mixtures of AHR and retinoid receptor agonists yielded synergistic induction of CYP1A1 mRNA. In conclusion, the present data improve our knowledge on retinoic acid-dependent effects on CYP1A1 expression and demonstrate unexpected mixture effects by cross-talk of the different receptors.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 17 2018
Productions of $K^*_0(1430)$ and $K_{1}$ in B decays
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Hung
name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Hsiao, Yu-Kuo
name: Wei, Zheng-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the productions of p-wave mesons $K^*_{0}(1430)$, $K_{1}(1270)$ and $K_{1}(1400)$ in B decays. By the generalized factorization approach, we find that the branching ratios of $B\to K^*_{0}(1430) ϕ$ are similar to those of $B\to K ϕ$ while the branching ratios of $B\to K_{1}(1270) ϕ$ and $B\to K_{1}(1400) ϕ$ are $O(10^{-5})$ and $O(10^{-6})$, respectively. In terms of the observation of $B\to K_{1}(1270) γ$ by BELLE, we can remove the sign ambiguity in the mixing angle for physical states $K_1(1270)$ and $K_{1}(1400)$. In addition, we analyze annihilation contributions in the decays $B\to K_1 ϕ$ and we conclude that they could be neglected.
description: 13 pages, 4 tables, 2 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
D6.4 Final Report on Competence Centre with Knowledgebase
Creators: name: Kayumbi-Kabeya, Gabin
name: Newbold, Elizabeth
name: Yates, Katie
name: Whyte, Angus
name: Molloy, Laura
name: Cepinskas, Linas
name: Walker, Bridget
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Competence Centre
FAIR

description: Emerging from the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC), the FAIRsFAIR project aimed at supplying practical solutions for the use of FAIR data principles throughout the research data life cycle, and in particular fostering FAIR data culture and the uptake of good practices in making data FAIR. Within that context of FAIRsFAIR project, WP6’s main objective was particularly concerned with addressing the effective support of FAIR uptake by engaging with communities through the establishment of a FAIR Competence Centre whose activities were mapped along the trinary: Advisory, Harmonisation, and Dissemination. The output of WP6 is contained in deliverables that report on the journey towards its main objective, including the tasks leading from the development of concepts to their implementation and practical operations. The first deliverable D6.1 (Herterich, P. et al. , 2019) explored the Overview of needs for competence centres; the second, D6.2 (Newbold, E. et al, 2021) developed concepts in the Initial core competence centre structures while the third, D6.3 (Kayumbi, G. et al, 2021) reported on practical operations in Established competence centre for variety of communities. The present deliverable D6.4 Final report for competence centre and knowledge base reports on the tasks accomplished by WP6 in the final stage of project and offers a comprehensive perspective on the work conducted.
New Physics Search in Flavour Physics
Creators: name: Hurth, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the running B, kaon and neutrino physics experiments, flavour physics takes centre stage within today's particle physics. We discuss the opportunities offered by these experiments in our search for new physics beyond the SM and discuss their complementarity to collider physics. We focus on rare B and kaon decays, highlighting specific observables in an exemplary mode. We also comment on the so-called B --> pi pi and B --> K pi puzzles. Moreover, we briefly discuss the restrictive role of long-distance strong interactions and some new tools such as QCD factorization and SCET to handle them.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Variational aspects of phase transitions with prescribed mean curvature
Creators: name: Mantoulidis, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the spectrum of phase transitions with prescribed mean curvature in Riemannian manifolds. These phase transitions are solutions to an inhomogeneous semilinear elliptic PDE that give rise to diffuse objects (varifolds) that limit to hypersurfaces, possibly with singularities, whose mean curvature is determined by the "prescribed mean curvature" function and the limiting multiplicity. We establish upper bounds for the eigenvalues of the diffuse problem, as well as the more subtle lower bounds when the diffuse problem converges with multiplicity one. For the latter, we also establish asymptotics that are sharp to order $o(\varepsilon^2)$ and $C^{2,α}$ estimates on multiplicity-one phase transition layers.
description: To appear in CVPDE. Changes from previous version: some a priori background smoothness assumptions were increased to allow for a simplified regularity theory presentation
An algebraic scheme associated with the noncommutative KP hierarchy and some of its extensions
Creators: name: Dimakis, Aristophanes
name: Muller-Hoissen, Folkert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A well-known ansatz (`trace method') for soliton solutions turns the equations of the (noncommutative) KP hierarchy, and those of certain extensions, into families of algebraic sum identities. We develop an algebraic formalism, in particular involving a (mixable) shuffle product, to explore their structure. More precisely, we show that the equations of the noncommutative KP hierarchy and its extension (xncKP) in the case of a Moyal-deformed product, as derived in previous work, correspond to identities in this algebra. Furthermore, the Moyal product is replaced by a more general associative product. This leads to a new even more general extension of the noncommutative KP hierarchy. Relations with Rota-Baxter algebras are established.
description: 59 pages, relative to the second version a few minor corrections, but quite a lot of amendments, to appear in J. Phys. A
Self-Dual Forms in Supergeometry I: The Chiral Boson
Creators: name: Cremonini, C. A.
name: Grassi, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results of A. Sen on quantum field theory models with self-dual field strengths use string field theory as a starting point. In the present work, we show that combining string field theory and supergeometry we can provide a constructive method for all these models, for any superspace representation and for any given background. The analysis is based on the new concept of pseudoform, emerging in supergeometry, which opens a new page in quantum field theory and, in particular, in supergravity. The present work deals with an explicit example, the case of the chiral boson multiplet in d=2.
MPEC 2024-C106 : 2024 CV1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 CV1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.