cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modelli Stocastici nella Dinamica del Sistema Actina-Miosina
Creators: name: Caputo, Luigia
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Con riferimento al problema della contrazione muscolare, sotto il profilo dei fenomeni a livello molecolare coinvolti, viene affrontato il problema della modellizzazione del meccanismo responsabile per lo scorrimento della testina di miosina lungo il filamento di actina. In particolare, viene affrontata la controversa questione relativa alla validità della teoria dell'accoppiamento debole rispetto alla teoria del Lever-arm nella dinamica actina-miosina, reinterpretando ed estendendo il modello con potenziale di tipo washboard proposto altrove. In questo nuovo modello si assume che un moto browniano, in grado di sfruttare l'energia termica ambientale, coesista con lo spostamento deterministico contemplato nella teoria del Lever-arm. Ne risulta un eccellente adattamento del modello ad una serie di dati sperimentali relativi allo scivolamento sotto diverse condizioni di carico. Le argomentazioni di carattere teorico sono supportate dai risultati ottenuti per mezzo di accurate simulazioni numeriche, attraverso le quali viene anche dimostrata la robustezza del modello per differenti scelte dei parametri e del profilo del potenziale. Infine, viene proposto un modello di motore browniano consistente nel moto a balzi di una particella in un potenziale asimmetrico, periodico e con unico minimo che compie una traslazione di ampiezza pari al semiperiodo agli istanti di occorrenza di due processi di Poisson. Le quantità rilevanti in questo contesto, quali flusso, forza guida effettiva, forza d'arresto, potenza ed efficienza del motore, sono esplicitamente calcolate in funzione dei parametri del modello in forma di medie di funzioni della variabile aleatoria rappresentante la posizione della particella rappresentante la testina di miosina. Attraverso il concetto di potenziale guida effettivo si fornisce, inoltre, nel caso di transizioni (da un potenziale ad un altro) simmetriche, un collegamento con il modello coinvolgente il potenziale di tipo washboard sopra menzionato, fornendone così una giustificazione costruttiva.
Bose Fluids Above Tc: Incompressible Vortex Fluids and "Supersolidity"
Creators: name: Anderson, Philip W
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper emphasizes that non-linear rotational or diamagnetic susceptibility is characteristic of Bose fluids above their superfluid Tcs, and for sufficiently slow rotation or weak B-fields amounts to an incompressible response to vorticity. The cause is a missing term in the conventionally accepted model Hamiltonian for quantized vortices in the Bose fluid. The resulting susceptibility can account for recent observations of Chan et al on solid He, and Ong et al on cuprate superconductors.
An accurate beam model for the NRAO 91 meter radio telescope
Creators: name: Picha, James Rothwell
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Scalar field theory has been used to develop an accurate beam model for use with the National Radio Astronomy Observatory 91 meter radio telescope and the 6 cm dual feed system. The theoretical beam model was calibrated, to an accuracy of 3% of the beam peak, with a small sample of radio point sources within the declination range 23° ≤ δ ≤ 62°. The new beam model is shown to be effective in deconvolving differential beam maps, to a dynamic range of 30:1, by a maximum entropy deconvolution method.
N-body simulations of planet formation via pebble accretion II. How various giant planets form
Creators: name: Matsumura, Soko
name: Brasser, Ramon
name: Ida, Shigeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. The connection between initial disc conditions and final orbital and physical properties of planets is not well-understood. In this paper, we numerically study the formation of planetary systems via pebble accretion and investigate the effects of disc properties such as masses, dissipation timescales, and metallicities on planet formation outcomes. Methods. We improved the N-body code SyMBA that was modified by taking account of new planet-disc interaction models and type II migration. We adopted the 'two-alpha disc' model to mimic the effects of both the standard disc turbulence and the mass accretion driven by the magnetic disc wind. Results. We successfully reproduced the overall distribution trends of semi-major axes, eccentricities, and planetary masses of extrasolar giant planets. We find that, when planet formation happens fast enough, giant planets are fully grown (Jupiter mass or higher) and are distributed widely across the disc. On the other hand, when planet formation is limited by the disc's dissipation, discs generally form low-mass cold Jupiters (CJs). Our simulations also naturally explain why hot Jupiters (HJs) tend to be alone and how the observed eccentricity-metallicity trends arise. The low-metallicity discs tend to form nearly circular and coplanar HJs in situ, because planet formation is slower than high-metallicity discs, and thus protoplanetary cores migrate significantly before gas accretion. The high-metallicity discs, on the other hand, generate HJs in situ or via tidal circularisation of eccentric orbits. Both pathways usually involve dynamical instabilities, and thus HJs tend to have broader eccentricity and inclination distributions. When giant planets with very wide orbits ('super-cold Jupiters') are formed, we find that they often belong to metal-rich stars, have eccentric orbits, and tend to have (~80%) companions interior to their orbits.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables, A&A (in press)
Mauia subnotatus
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Elwood C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1942
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Anthribidae
Mauia
Mauia subnotatus

description: 5.Mauia subnotatus (Boheman) (pl. 1, G). Araecerus subnotatus Boheman, Eugenies Resa, 116, 1859. Mauia satelles Blackburn, Roy. Soc. Dublin, Trans. III, 3: 195, 1885. Contexta murina Jordan, Deutsche Ent. Zeitsch., 78, 1902. This species might be confused with small, narrow specimens of Araecerus, but the interscrobal area is broader than the interocular area rather than being narrowerasinAraecerns. Theelytraareusuallyconspicuouslytessellatedwith patches of pale and dark, rather coarse squamules. Length, 2.5-3.5 111111. breadth, 1.0-1.5 111111 Three specimens of this species were collected by Swezey on Guam as follows: one specimen from the dry leaf of a large taro at Agana, May 4, 1936; one specimen from Thespesia populnea at Umatac, May 28, and one specimen from the seed cluster of a palm (Coccothrina,r?), Yigo, Nov. 13. The National Museum sent the following, all taken by Oakley: four in roof of thatched house, Sept. 10, 1937, and one labeled " Hong Kong China, Guam 416, II-20-38, with Philippine Clipper, 38-8993." This species is widespread in the Pacific and in the Old World tropics. It frequents dead leaves, twigs, and branches of many plants.
description: Published as part of Zimmerman, Elwood C., 1942, Anthribidae Of Guam, pp. 65-72 in Insects of Guam I, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum on pages 70-71, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5159835
Spin-exchange relaxation free magnetometry with Cs vapor
Creators: name: Ledbetter, M. P.
name: Savukov, I. M.
name: Acosta, V. M.
name: Budker, D.
name: Romalis, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a Cs atomic magnetometer operating in the spin-exchange relaxation-free (SERF) regime. With a vapor cell temperature of $103^\circ\rm{C}$ we achieve intrinsic magnetic resonance widths $ΔB=17 {\rm μG}$ corresponding to an electron spin-relaxation rate of $300 {\rm s^{-1}}$ when the spin-exchange rate is $Γ_{SE}=14000 {\rm s^{-1}}$. We also observe an interesting narrowing effect due to diffusion. Signal-to-noise measurements yield a sensitivity of about $400\thinspace{\rm pG/\sqrt{Hz}}$. Based on photon shot noise, we project a sensitivity of $40 {\rm pG/\sqrt{Hz}}$. A theoretical optimization of the magnetometer indicates sensitivities on the order of $2 {\rm pG/\sqrt{Hz}}$ should be achievable in a $1 {\rm cm^3}$ volume. Because Cs has a higher saturated vapor pressure than other alkali metals, SERF magnetometers using Cs atoms are particularly attractive in applications requiring lower temperatures.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. submitted to PRA
Electronic Structure and Doping in BaFe$_2$As$_2$ and LiFeAs: Density Functional Calculations
Creators: name: Singh, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report density functional calculations of the electronic structure and Fermi surface of the BaFe$_2$As$_2$ and LiFeAs phases including doping via the virtual crystal approximation. The results show that contrary to a rigid band picture, the density of states at the Fermi energy is only weakly doping dependent and that the main effect of doping is a change in the relative sizes of the electron and hole Fermi surfaces as required by Luttinger's theory. This is a consequence of a change in As height with doping, in particular a shift of As towards Fe as holes are introduced in the Fe plane, as might be expected from simple ionic considerations. The main effect of doping is therefore a reduction in the degree of nesting of the Fermi surface. This provides a framework for understanding the approximate electron-hole symmetry in the phase diagrams of the Fe-As based superconductors.
description: Added result of calculation for SDW in stoichiometric LiFeAs
Enhanced emission from a single quantum dot in a microdisk at a deterministic diabolical point
Creators: name: Yang, Jingnan
name: Shi, Shushu
name: Xie, Xin
name: Wu, Shiyao
name: Xiao, Shan
name: Song, Feilong
name: Dang, Jianchen
name: Sun, Sibai
name: Yang, Longlong
name: Wang, Yunuan
name: Ge, Zi-Yong
name: Li, Bei-Bei
name: Zuo, Zhanchun
name: Jin, Kuijuan
name: Xu, Xiulai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on controllable cavity modes through controlling the backscattering by two identical scatterers. Periodic changes of the backscattering coupling between two degenerate cavity modes are observed with the angle between two scatterers and elucidated by a theoretical model using two-mode approximation and numerical simulations. The periodically appearing single-peak cavity modes indicate mode degeneracy at diabolical points. Then interactions between single quantum dots and cavity modes are investigated. Enhanced emission of a quantum dot with a six-fold intensity increase is obtained in a microdisk at a diabolical point. This method to control cavity modes allows large-scale integration, high reproducibility and fexible design of the size, location, quantity and shape for scatterers, which can be applied for integrated photonic structures with scatterer-modified light-matter interaction.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Araecerus vieillardi
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Elwood C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1942
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Anthribidae
Araecerus
Araecerus vieillardi

description: 7.Araecerus vieillardi (Montrouzier), (fig. 1, e; pl. 1, C). Urodon vieillardi Montrouzier, Soc. Ent. France, Ann., 873, 1860. This is a variable, common, and widespread species in Oceania. Its range TODO TODO is extended westward to the Philippines and eastward to Mangareva. Specimens range in size from 2 to 4 mm.; small males often have the teeth on the inner sides of the tibiae obsolete. Twenty-one specimens from Guam are before me. Five specimens collected by Usinger as follows: one at Inarajan, May 6, 1936; two, at Tarague, from Messerschniidia (Tournefortia), May 17; two at Mount Alifan, one from dead breadfruit, May 21, the other May 26. Fifteen specimens collected by Swezey as follows: three at Santa Rosa Peak, from dead corn stalks, May 19; three at Piti from fallen breadfruit, May 23; two from Orote Point, May 24; one at Tumon from Barringtonia speciosa, May 30; one at Agat, from Hernandia, May 31; one from Agana, June 26; one at Machanao, from Piper guahaniense, Aug. 6; one from Piti, Aug. 17, and two from seed cluster of a Ralm (Coccothrina.r?). I have seen another specimen collected by D. T. Fullaway.
description: Published as part of Zimmerman, Elwood C., 1942, Anthribidae Of Guam, pp. 65-72 in Insects of Guam I, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum on page 72, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5159835
Properties of Polarized Synchrotron Emission from Fluctuation Dynamo Action -- II. Effects of Turbulence Driving in the ICM and Beam Smoothing
Creators: name: Basu, Aritra
name: Sur, Sharanya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized synchrotron emission from the radio halos of diffuse intracluster medium (ICM) in galaxy clusters are yet to be observed. To investigate the expected polarization in the ICM, we use high resolution ($1$\,kpc) magnetohydrodynamic simulations of fluctuation dynamos, which produces intermittent magnetic field structures, for varying scales of turbulent driving ($l_{\rm f}$) to generate synthetic observations of the polarized emission. We focus on how the inferred diffuse polarized emission for different $l_{\rm f}$ is affected due to smoothing by a finite telescope resolution. The mean fractional polarization $\langle p\rangle$ vary as $\langle p \rangle \propto l_{\rm f}^{1/2}$ with $\langle p \rangle > 20\%$ for $l_{\rm f} \gtrsim 60$\,kpc, at frequencies $ν> 4\,{\rm GHz}$. Faraday depolarization at $ν< 3$\,GHz leads to deviation from this relation, and in combination with beam depolarization, filamentary polarized structures are completely erased, reducing $\langle p \rangle$ to below 5\% level at $ν\lesssim1$\,GHz. Smoothing on scales up to $30$\,kpc reduces $\langle p \rangle$ above $4$\,GHz by at most a factor of 2 compared to that expected at $1$\,kpc resolution of the simulations, especially for $l_{\rm f} \gtrsim 100$\,kpc, while at $ν< 3$\,GHz, $\langle p \rangle$ is reduced by a factor of more than 5 for $l_{\rm f} \gtrsim 100$\,kpc, and by more than 10 for $l_{\rm f} \lesssim 100$\,kpc. Our results suggest that observational estimates of, or constrain on, $\langle p \rangle$ at $ν\gtrsim 4$\,GHz could be used as an indicator of the turbulent driving scale in the ICM.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, Accepted the Special Issue "A New Window on the Radio Emission from Galaxies, Galaxy Clusters and Cosmic Web: Current Status and Perspectives" of MDPI Galaxies
Pattern avoidance and dominating compositions
Creators: name: Menon, Krishna
name: Singh, Anurag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05A18, 05A19

description: Jelínek, Mansour, and Shattuck studied Wilf-equivalence among pairs of patterns of the form $\{σ,τ\}$ where $σ$ is a set partition of size $3$ with at least two blocks. They obtained an upper bound for the number of Wilf-equivalence classes for such pairs. We show that their upper bound is the exact number of equivalence classes, thus solving a problem posed by them.
description: Feedback welcome
Noise-induced energy excitation by a general environment
Creators: name: Lombardo, Fernando C.
name: Villar, Paula I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the effects that general environments, namely ohmic and non-ohmic, at zero and high temperature induce over a quantum Brownian particle. We state that the evolution of the system can be summarized in terms of two main environmental induced physical phenomena: decoherence and energy activation. In this article we show that the latter is a post-decoherence phenomenon. As the energy is an observable, the excitation process is a direct indication of the system-environment entanglement particularly useful at zero temperature.
description: 14 pages; 7 figures. Version to appear in Phys Lett. A
Exclusive $f_{1}(1285)$ meson production for energy ranges available at the GSI-FAIR with HADES and PANDA
Creators: name: Lebiedowicz, Piotr
name: Nachtmann, Otto
name: Salabura, Piotr
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the cross section for the $p p \to p p f_{1}(1285)$ and $p \bar{p} \to p \bar{p} f_{1}(1285)$ reactions at near threshold energies relevant for the HADES and PANDA experiments at GSI-FAIR. We assume that at energies close to the threshold the $ωω\to f_{1}(1285)$ and $ρ^{0} ρ^{0} \to f_{1}(1285)$ fusion processes are the dominant production mechanisms. The vertex for the $VV \to f_{1}$ coupling is derived from an effective coupling Lagrangian. The $g_{ρρf_1}$ coupling constant is extracted from the decay rate of $f_{1}(1285) \to ρ^{0} γ$ using the vector-meson-dominance ansatz. We assume $g_{ωωf_1} = g_{ρρf_1}$, equality of these two coupling constants, based on arguments from the naive quark model and vector-meson dominance. The amplitude for the $VV \to f_{1}$ fusion, supplemented by phenomenological vertex form factors for the process, is given. The differential cross sections at energies close to the threshold are calculated. In order to determine the parameters of the model the $γp \to f_{1}(1285) p$ reaction is discussed in addition and results are compared with the CLAS data. The possibility of a measurement by HADES@GSI is presented and discussed. We performed a Monte Carlo feasibility simulations of the $p p \to p p f_1$ reaction for $\sqrt{s}$ = 3.46 GeV in the $π^+ π^- π^+ π^-$ (not shown explicitly) and $π^+ π^- π^+ π^- π^0$ final states using the PLUTO generator. The latter one is especially promising as a peak in the $π^+ π^- η$ should be observable by HADES.
description: 40 pages, 15 figures
Relativistic Spin Precession in the Double Pulsar
Creators: name: Breton, Rene P.
name: Kaspi, Victoria M.
name: Kramer, Michael
name: McLaughlin, Maura A.
name: Lyutikov, Maxim
name: Ransom, Scott M.
name: Stairs, Ingrid H.
name: Ferdman, Robert D.
name: Camilo, Fernando
name: Possenti, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double pulsar PSR J0737-3039A/B consists of two neutron stars in a highly relativistic orbit that displays a roughly 30-second eclipse when pulsar A passes behind pulsar B. Describing this eclipse of pulsar A as due to absorption occurring in the magnetosphere of pulsar B, we successfully use a simple geometric model to characterize the observed changing eclipse morphology and to measure the relativistic precession of pulsar B's spin axis around the total orbital angular momentum. This provides a test of general relativity and alternative theories of gravity in the strong-field regime. Our measured relativistic spin precession rate of 4.77 (+0.66,-0.65) degrees per year (68% confidence level) is consistent with that predicted by general relativity within an uncertainty of 13%.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, 2 movies
Direct detection of pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter with light mediator
Creators: name: Abe, Yoshihiko
name: Toma, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been found that a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson dark matter suppresses the amplitude for elastic scattering with nuclei in non-relativistic limit, and thus can naturally evade the strong constraint of dark matter direct detection experiments. In this paper, we show that non-zero elastic scattering cross section can be induced if the mediator mass is as small as momentum transfer. The predicted recoil energy spectrum can differ from that for usual thermal dark matter. Together with the relevant constraints such as thermal relic abundance, indirect detection and Higgs decays, we investigate the detectability through the current and future dark matter direct detection experiments.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, version to appear in Phys.Lett.B
Phase instability induced by polar nanoregions in a relaxor ferroelectric system
Creators: name: Xu, Guangyong
name: Wen, Jinsheng
name: Stock, C.
name: Gehring, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local inhomogeneities known as polar nanoregions (PNR) play a key role in governing the dielectric properties of relaxor ferroelectrics - a special class of material that exhibits an enormous electromechanical response and is easily polarized with an external field. Using neutron inelastic scattering methods, we show that the PNR can also significantly affect the structural properties of the relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-4.5%PbTiO3 (PZN-4.5%PT). A strong interaction is found between the PNR and the propagation of sound waves, i.e. acoustic phonons, the visibility of which can be enhanced with an external electric field. A comparison between acoustic phonons propagating along different directions reveals a large asymmetry in the lattice dynamics that is induced by the PNR. We suggest that a phase instability induced by this PNR-phonon interaction may contribute to the ultrahigh piezoelectric response of this and related relaxor ferroelectric materials. Our results also naturally explain the emergence of the various observed monoclinic phases in these systems.
The pion-nucleon interaction at low energy
Creators: name: Bagheri, Ardeshir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The π-p → γn and π-p → π⁰n reactions were studied for laboratory pion kinetic energies of 50, 66, 80, 95, 110, and 125 MeV at 9 angles between 30° and 140°, using a large Nal(Tl) detector, TINA. The results are much more accurate than previous data. The radiative capture differential cross-sections are compared with previous data and with several calculations and will specify more precisely the isoscalar amplitudes in multipole analyses. They are consistent with earlier data and confirm the principle of detailed balance, but indicate that the theoretical calculations cannot reproduce the nucleon data adequately below resonance. The charge exchange differential cross-sections are obtained by unfolding the energy spectra of the π⁰ γ-ray decay, and agree with the Karlsruhe and VPI phase-shift analyses. Pion-nucleon phase-shifts and scattering lengths are calculated and the results are in good agreement with data from the elastic scattering channels and support isospin invariance in this energy region.
Tagging the initial-state gluon
Creators: name: Caletti, Simone
name: Fedkevych, Oleh
name: Marzani, Simone
name: Reichelt, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of an electroweak boson in association with jets, in processes where the jet with the highest transverse momentum is identified as quark-initiated. The quark/gluon tagging procedure is realised by a cut on a jet angularity and it is therefore theoretically well-defined and exhibits infrared and collinear safety. In this context, exploiting resummed perturbation theory, we are able to provide theoretical predictions for transverse momentum distributions at a well-defined and, in principle, systematically improvable accuracy. In particular, tagging the leading jet as quark-initiated allows us to enhance the initial-state gluon contribution. Thus, these novel transverse momentum distributions are potentially interesting observables to probe the gluonic degrees of freedom of the colliding protons.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, version accepted by EPJ C
XMM-Newton discovery of 217 s pulsations in the brightest persistent supersoft X-ray source in M31
Creators: name: Trudolyubov, Sergey
name: Priedhorsky, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of a periodic modulation in the bright supersoft X-ray source XMMU J004252.5+411540 detected in the 2000-2004 XMM-Newton observations of M31. The source exhibits X-ray pulsations with a period P~217.7 s and a quasi-sinusoidal pulse shape and pulsed fraction ~7-11%. We did not detect statistically significant changes in the pulsation period on the time scale of 4 years. The X-ray spectra of XMMU J004252.5+411540 are extremely soft and can be approximated with an absorbed blackbody of temperature 62-77 eV and a weak power law tail of photon index ~1.7-3.1 in the 0.2-3.0 keV energy band. The X-ray properties of the source and the absence of an optical/UV counterpart brighter than 19 mag suggest that it belongs to M31. The estimated bolometric luminosity of the source varies between ~2e38 and ~8e38 ergs/s at 760 kpc, depending on the choice of spectral model. The X-ray pulsations and supersoft spectrum of XMMU J004252.5+411540 imply that it is almost certainly an accreting white dwarf, steadily burning hydrogen-rich material on its surface. We interpret X-ray pulsations as a signature of the strong magnetic field of the rotating white dwarf. Assuming that the X-ray source is powered by disk accretion, we estimate its surface field strength to be in the range 4e5 G
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, uses emulateapj style. Submitted to ApJ
Lyman Alpha Driven Outflows Around Star Forming Galaxies
Creators: name: Dijkstra, Mark
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present accurate Monte-Carlo calculations of Lyman Alpha (hereafter Lya) radiation pressure in a range of models which represent galaxies during various epochs of our Universe. We show that the radiation force that Lya photons exert on hydrogen gas in the neutral intergalactic medium (IGM), that surrounds minihalos that host the first stars, may exceed gravity by orders of magnitude and drive supersonic winds. Lya radiation pressure may also dominate over gravity in the neutral IGM that surrounds the HII regions produced by the first galaxies. However, the radiation force is likely too weak to result in supersonic outflows in this case. Furthermore, we show that Lya radiation pressure may drive outflows in the interstellar medium of star forming galaxies that reach hundreds of km/s. This mechanism could also operate at lower redshifts z<6, and may have already been indirectly detected in the spectral line shape of observed Lya emission lines.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, Accepted to MNRAS. Appendix added that discusses level populations. References added
Stone-Weierstrass type theorems for large deviations
Creators: name: Comman, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F10

description: We give a general version of Bryc's theorem valid on any topological space and with any algebra $\mathcal{A}$ of real-valued continuous functions separating the points, or any well-separating class. In absence of exponential tightness, and when the underlying space is locally compact regular and $\mathcal{A}$ constituted by functions vanishing at infinity, we give a sufficient condition on the functional $Λ(\cdot)_{\mid \mathcal{A}}$ to get large deviations with not necessarily tight rate function. We obtain the general variational form of any rate function on a completely regular space; when either exponential tightness holds or the space is locally compact Hausdorff, we get it in terms of any algebra as above. Prohorov-type theorems are generalized to any space, and when it is locally compact regular the exponential tightness can be replaced by a (strictly weaker) condition on $Λ(\cdot)_{\mid \mathcal{A}}$.
description: To appear in Electronic Communications in Probability
Evolution of Anti-de Sitter black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory
Creators: name: Zhang, Cheng-Yong
name: Liu, Peng
name: Liu, Yunqi
name: Niu, Chao
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonlinear evolution of the spherical symmetric black holes under a small neutral scalar field perturbation in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory with coupling function $f(ϕ)=e^{-bϕ}$ in asymptotic anti-de Sitter spacetime. The non-minimal coupling between scalar and Maxwell fields allows the transmission of the energy from the Maxwell field to the scalar field, but also behaves as a repulsive force for the scalar. The scalar field oscillates with damping amplitude and converges to a final value by a power law. The irreducible mass of the black hole increases abruptly at initial times and then saturates to the final value exponentially. The saturating rate is twice the decaying rate of the dominant mode of the scalar. The effects of the black hole charge, the cosmological constant and the coupling parameter on the evolution are studied in detail. When the initial configuration is a naked singularity spacetime with a large charge to mass ratio, a horizon will form soon and hide the singularity.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Two photon decay widths of non-standard Higgs bosons
Creators: name: Bates, Ross Taylor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the two photon decay widths of non-standard Higgs bosons. These widths are calculated for Two-Higgs-Doublet models in general, and for the minimal broken supersymmetry model in particular. For Two-Higgs-Doublet models a large enhancement of these widths relative to the standard model is possible. This in turn leads to larger production rates for the spin-0 bosons in ep and e⁺e⁻ colliders. However, we find that for the minimal broken supersymmetry case, a severe upper bound on this possible enhancement is imposed by the supersymmetry features. We find that while the Higgs bosons of the Two-Higgs-Doublet model could possibly be produced at readily observable rates with the HERA collider, this will not be the case in the minimal supersymmetry model. Hence detection of these Higgs bosons could provide an experimental test of supersymmetry, which would rule out the minimal model.
The Group of Hamiltonian Homeomorphisms in the L^\infty-norm
Creators: name: Müller, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D05, 53D35

description: The group Hameo (M,ω) of Hamiltonian homeomorphisms of a connected symplectic manifold (M,ω) was defined and studied in [7] and further in [6]. In these papers, the authors consistently used the L^{(1,\infty)}-Hofer norm (and not the L^\infty-Hofer norm) on the space of Hamiltonian paths (see below for the definitions). A justification for this choice was given in [7]. In this article we study the L^\infty-case. In view of the fact that the Hofer norm on the group Ham (M,ω) of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms does not depend on the choice of the L^{(1,\infty)}-norm vs. the L^\infty-norm [9], Y.-G. Oh and D. McDuff (private communications) asked whether the two notions of Hamiltonian homeomorphisms arising from the different norms coincide. We will give an affirmative answer to this question in this paper.
description: 16 pages
Gaussianization of peculiar velocities and bulk flow measurement
Creators: name: Qin, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The line-of-sight peculiar velocities are good indicators of the gravitational fluctuation of the density field. Techniques have been developed to extract cosmological information from the peculiar velocities in order to test the cosmological models. These techniques include measuring cosmic flow, measuring two-point correlation and power spectrum of the peculiar velocity fields, reconstructing the density field using peculiar velocities. However, some measurements from these techniques are biased due to the non-Gaussianity of the estimated peculiar velocities. Therefore, we use the 2MTF survey to explore a power transform that can Gaussianize the estimated peculiar velocities. We find a tight linear relation between the transformation parameters and the measurement errors of log-distance ratio. To show an example for the implement of the Gaussianized peculiar velocities in cosmology, we develop a bulk flow estimator and estimate bulk flow from the Gaussianized peculiar velocities. We use 2MTF mocks to test the algorithm, we find the algorithm yields unbiased measurements. We also find this technique gives smaller measurement errors compared to other techniques. Under the Galactic coordinates, at the depth of $30$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc, we measure a bulk flow of $332\pm27$ km s$^{-1}$ in the direction $(l,b)=(293\pm 5^{\circ}, 13\pm 4^{\circ})$. The measurement is consistent with the $Λ$CDM prediction.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables. Accepted, Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA), April/2021
Oral melatonin supplementation during in vitro fertilization treatment: a systematic PRISMA review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Mejlhede, Maria Alekseevna Braun
name: Jepsen, Jakob Braun
name: Knudsen, Ulla Breth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been suspected of reducing the success rate of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Melatonin has anti-oxidative properties and could therefore be of interest as a supplement in in vitro-fertilization (IVF) protocols. The objective of this study was to evaluate if a melatonin supplementation given in vivo to women undergoing IVF-treatment can improve the outcome. A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed, Embase and Cochrane. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool (RoB2). Primary outcome was clinical pregnancy rate (CPR). Secondary outcomes were total number of oocytes, number of mature oocytes, embryo quality, biochemical pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate and live birth rate (LBR). Seven randomized controlled trials (RCT) were included. The meta-analysis demonstrated a significantly higher mature oocyte count when melatonin was used (Mean Diff. = 1,82; 95% CI 0.37–3.27; p = .01). All seven studies showed a trend for increase in CPR, although not significant. No other measured outcomes showed a significant improvement. Two studies had ‘low risk’, three ‘some concerns’ and two studies had ‘high risk’ of bias. This meta-analysis including RCT indicates that an oral melatonin supplement during IVF-treatment can increase the number of mature oocytes, and a trend for increase CPR, albeit not significant. Most of the included studies were small. The methodological quality in three of the seven studies was moderate and two were low. Further investigations are needed to support the positive findings.
Toward a mechanism for the emergence of gravity
Creators: name: Barceló, Carlos
name: Carballo-Rubio, Raúl
name: Garay, Luis J.
name: García-Moreno, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main problems that emergent-gravity approaches face is explaining how a system that does not contain gauge symmetries ab initio might develop them effectively in some regime. We review a mechanism introduced by some of the authors for the emergence of gauge symmetries in [JHEP 10 (2016) 084] and discuss how it works for interacting Lorentz-invariant vector field theories as a warm-up exercise for the more convoluted problem of gravity. Then, we apply this mechanism to the emergence of linear diffeomorphisms for the most general Lorentz-invariant linear theory of a two-index symmetric tensor field, which constitutes a generalization of the Fierz-Pauli theory describing linearized gravity. Finally we discuss two results, the well-known Weinberg-Witten theorem and a more recent theorem by Marolf, that are often invoked as no-go theorems for emergent gravity. Our analysis illustrates that, although these results pinpoint some of the particularities of gravity with respect to other gauge theories, they do not constitute an impediment for the emergent gravity program if gauge symmetries (diffeomorphisms) are emergent in the sense discussed in this paper.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure; Contribution to the Special Issue Analogue Gravitational Dynamics; v2: Minor changes introduced in the text to match the published version
Rule-Based Reinforcement Learning for Efficient Robot Navigation with Space Reduction
Creators: name: Zhu, Yuanyang
name: Wang, Zhi
name: Chen, Chunlin
name: Dong, Daoyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For real-world deployments, it is critical to allow robots to navigate in complex environments autonomously. Traditional methods usually maintain an internal map of the environment, and then design several simple rules, in conjunction with a localization and planning approach, to navigate through the internal map. These approaches often involve a variety of assumptions and prior knowledge. In contrast, recent reinforcement learning (RL) methods can provide a model-free, self-learning mechanism as the robot interacts with an initially unknown environment, but are expensive to deploy in real-world scenarios due to inefficient exploration. In this paper, we focus on efficient navigation with the RL technique and combine the advantages of these two kinds of methods into a rule-based RL (RuRL) algorithm for reducing the sample complexity and cost of time. First, we use the rule of wall-following to generate a closed-loop trajectory. Second, we employ a reduction rule to shrink the trajectory, which in turn effectively reduces the redundant exploration space. Besides, we give the detailed theoretical guarantee that the optimal navigation path is still in the reduced space. Third, in the reduced space, we utilize the Pledge rule to guide the exploration strategy for accelerating the RL process at the early stage. Experiments conducted on real robot navigation problems in hex-grid environments demonstrate that RuRL can achieve improved navigation performance.
description: Accepted by IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, 2021, DOI: 10.1109/TMECH.2021.3072675
The prevalence of anxiety and depression of different severity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Yulu
name: Ni, Zhihong
name: Li, Keyi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms of different severity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and explore the potential contributors related to these symptoms using a meta-analysis. Databases were systemically searched for cross-sectional studies that evaluated the prevalence of anxiety and depression in women with PCOS published up to September 21 2019. Random effects model or fixed-effect model was used to analyze the data in meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and the pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) were performed to estimate the potential factors related to these symptoms. A total of 24 cross-sectional studies were included. All studies assessed depression (2316 women with PCOS). Moreover, 16 studies assessed anxiety (1698 women with PCOS), and 6 studies assessed anxiety with depression (736 women with PCOS). The analysis revealed an increase in pool prevalence of depression (42%, 95%CI: 33–52%) and anxiety (37%, 95%CI: 14–60%) among the participants with PCOS, while the pooled prevalence of depression and concurrent anxiety was 28% (95%CI: 1.7–54.2%). Besides, the pooled prevalence of mild symptoms was higher than other levels (depression: 27.5%, 95%CI: 19–36%; anxiety: 35%, 95%CI: 0.8–70.8%). Obese women with PCOS had higher odds of depression (2.098, 95% CI: 1.411–3.119, I2=0.00%, p > .05). Our meta-analysis confirmed that women with PCOS had a high prevalence of anxiety and depression of different severity, with mild symptoms being more common. Moreover, obesity may increase the risk of depression symptoms, while potential contributors and mechanisms affecting these symptoms, such as hirsutism, infertility, insulin resistance (IR), and total testosterone in women with PCOS, need to be further investigated.
The Yale Lar TPC
Creators: name: Curioni, A.
name: Fleming, B. T.
name: Soderberg, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we give a concise description of a liquid argon time projection chamber (LAr TPC) developed at Yale, and present results from its first calibration run with cosmic rays.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, NuInt07 Conference Proceedings
Milliarcsecond angular resolution of reddened stellar sources in the vicinity of the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Richichi, A.
name: Fors, O.
name: Mason, E.
name: Stegmaier, J.
name: Chandrasekhar, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, the lunar occultation technique has been employed on a very large telescope in the near-IR with the aim of achieving systematically milliarcsecond resolution on stellar sources. We have demonstrated the burst mode of the ISAAC instrument, using a fast read-out on a small area of the detector to record many tens of seconds of data at a time on fields of few squared arcsec. We have used the opportunity to record a large number of LO events during a passage of the Moon close to the Galactic Center in March 2006. We have developed a data pipeline for the treatment of LO data, including the automated estimation of the main data analysis parameters using a wavelet-based method, and the preliminary fitting and plotting of all light curves. We recorded 51 LO events over about four hours. Of these, 30 resulted of sufficient quality to enable a detailed fitting. We detected two binaries with subarcsec projected separation and three stars with a marginally resolved angular diameter of about 2 mas. Two more SiO masers, were found to be resolved and in one case we could recover the brightness profile of the extended emission, which is well consistent with an optically thin shell. The remaining unresolved stars were used to characterize the performance of the method. The LO technique at a very large telescope is a powerful and efficient method to achieve angular resolution, sensitivity, and dynamic range that are among the best possible today with any technique. The selection of targets is naturally limited and LOs are fixed-time events, however each observation requires only a few minutes including overheads. As such, LOs are ideally suited to fill small gaps of idle time between standard observations.
description: A&A in press
Weakly nonlocal thermodynamics of binary mixtures of Korteweg fluids with two velocities and two temperatures
Creators: name: Cimmelli, Vito Antonio
name: Gorgone, Matteo
name: Oliveri, Francesco
name: Pace, Angelo Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74A15 - 74A20 - 76A10

description: We provide a thermodynamic framework for binary mixtures of Korteweg fluids with two velocities and two temperatures. The constitutive functions are allowed to depend on the diffusion velocity and the specific internal energy of both constituents, together with their first gradients, as well as on the mass density of the mixture and the concentration of one of the constituents, the latters together with their first and second gradients. Compatibility with second law of thermodynamics is investigated by applying a generalized Liu procedure. In the one-dimensional case, a complete solution of the set of thermodynamic restrictions is obtained by postulating a possible form of the constitutive equations for the partial heat fluxes and stress tensors. Taking a first order expansion in the gradients of the specific entropy, the expression of the entropy flux is determined. This contains the classical terms (namely, the sum of the ratios between the heat fluxes and the temperatures of the constituents) and some additional contributions accounting for nonlocal effects.
description: 23 pages, no figures
Consent, epistemic equity and a revised theory of legitimacy
Creators: name: MacDougall, Graham David
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2021
Subjects: Political legitimacy
Consent theory
Authority
Obligation
Trust
Epistemic equity
Consent

description: In this thesis I argue, against prevailing wisdom in contemporary political philosophy, that consent is a sufficient ground of political legitimacy and I argue for a set of necessary conditions that must be satisfied in order for political consent to be valid. I call this a revised theory of consent. This theory focuses on what consenting is. It does so by arguing that what we call consent is a composite of three mental states. These are (i) recognition, (ii) trust and (iii) willingness and I argue that where (i)-(iii) are present we have consent. I then argue that this consent is valid when it is (a) suitably informed and (b) given freely. This applies in ordinary cases and in ‘high stakes’ cases. I argue that prior versions of consent theory (what I call PCT's) have failed to demonstrate that consent is sufficient for legitimacy because they place an insurmountably high epistemic burden on consenters. I argue that subjects cannot consent in line with these theories because they cannot know enough about what their consent will authorise. I call this problem the Epistemic Challenge and I argue that in order to defeat it the authority must satisfy The Principle of Epistemic Equity. They do so through meeting the conditions of the revised theory of consent by satisfying certain epistemic and equitable conditions in order to enable subjects to give valid consent. Where these necessary conditions are met I argue that the consent given is sufficient for legitimacy. In the final two chapters of this work I turn my attention to Joseph Raz’s ‘service conception’. I argue that Raz’s theory implicitly relies on consent — as I define it — and I show that were Raz to embrace the revised theory of consent then the argument of the service conception would be strengthened.