cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based aerosol characterization using OCO-2 O2 A-band observations
Creators: name: Chen, Sihe
name: Natraj, Vijay
name: Zeng, Zhao-Cheng
name: Yung, Yuk-ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aerosol scattering influences the retrieval of the column-averaged dry-air mole fraction of CO2 (XCO2) from the Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2). This is especially true for surfaces with reflectance close to a critical value where there is very low sensitivity to aerosol loading. A spectral sorting approach was introduced to improve the characterization of aerosols over coastal regions. Here, we generalize this procedure to land surfaces and use a two-step neural network to retrieve aerosol parameters from OCO-2 measurements. We show that, by using a combination of radiance measurements in the continuum and inside the absorption band, both the aerosol optical depth and layer height, as well as their uncertainties, can be accurately predicted. Using the improved aerosol estimates as a priori, we demonstrate that the accuracy of the XCO2 retrieval can be significantly improved compared to the OCO-2 Level-2 Standard product. Furthermore, using simulated observations, we obtain estimates of the error in the retrieved XCO2. These simulations indicate that the bias-corrected OCO-2 Lite data, which is used for flux inversions, may have remaining biases due to misinterpretation of aerosol effects.
description: 16 pages, submitted to JQSRT
On thermodynamics of N=6 superconformal Chern-Simons theories at strong coupling
Creators: name: Garousi, Mohammad R.
name: Ghodsi, Ahmad
name: Khosravi, Mehran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it has been conjectured that N=6, U(N)_{k} \times U(N)_{-k} Chern-Simons theory is dual to M-theory on AdS_4\times S^7/Z_{k}. By studying one-loop correction to the M-theory effective action, we calculate the correction to the entropy of thermal field theory at strong coupling. For large k level, we have also found the alpha' correction to the entropy from the string correction of the type IIA effective action. The structure of these two corrections at strong t'Hooft coupling are different.
description: 17 pages; v4: Section 4.1 modified
SOFIA FEEDBACK survey: exploring the dynamics of the stellar wind driven shell of RCW 49
Creators: name: Tiwari, M.
name: Karim, R.
name: Pound, M. W.
name: Wolfire, M.
name: Jacob, A.
name: Buchbender, C.
name: Güsten, R.
name: Guevara, C.
name: Higgins, R. D.
name: Kabanovic, S.
name: Pabst, C.
name: Ricken, O.
name: Schneider, N.
name: Simon, R.
name: Stutzki, J.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We unveil the stellar wind driven shell of the luminous massive star-forming region of RCW 49 using SOFIA FEEDBACK observations of the [CII] 158 $μ$m line. The complementary dataset of the $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO J = 3 - 2 transitions is observed by the APEX telescope and probes the dense gas toward RCW 49. Using the spatial and spectral resolution provided by the SOFIA and APEX telescopes, we disentangle the shell from a complex set of individual components of gas centered around RCW 49. We find that the shell of radius ~ 6 pc is expanding at a velocity of 13 km s$^{-1}$ toward the observer. Comparing our observed data with the ancillary data at X-Ray, infrared, sub-millimeter and radio wavelengths, we investigate the morphology of the region. The shell has a well defined eastern arc, while the western side is blown open and is venting plasma further into the west. Though the stellar cluster, which is ~ 2 Myr old gave rise to the shell, it only gained momentum relatively recently as we calculate the shell's expansion lifetime ~ 0.27 Myr, making the Wolf-Rayet star WR20a a likely candidate responsible for the shell's re-acceleration.
description: 31 pages, 17 figures
Simplified Langevin approach to the Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model of DNA
Creators: name: Santos, Francisco de los
name: Hammal, Omar Al
name: Munoz, Miguel Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple Langevin approach is used to study stationary properties of the Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model for DNA, allowing known properties to be recovered in an easy way. Results are shown for the denaturation transition in homogeneous samples, for which some implications, so far overlooked, of an analogy with equilibrium wetting transitions are highlighted. This analogy implies that the order-parameter, asymptotically, exhibits a second order transition even if it may be very abrupt for non-zero values of the stiffness parameter. Not surprisingly, we also find that for heterogeneous DNA, within this model the largest bubbles in the pre-melting stage appear in adenine-thymine rich regions, while we suggest the possibility of some sort of not strictly local effects owing to the merging of bubbles.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
High photon number path entanglement in the interference of spontaneously downconverted photon pairs with coherent laser light
Creators: name: Hofmann, Holger F.
name: Ono, Takafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the quantum interference between downconverted photon pairs and photons from coherent laser light can produce a maximally path entangled N-photon output component with a fidelity greater than 90% for arbitrarily high photon numbers. A simple beam splitter operation can thus transform the 2-photon coherence of down-converted light into an almost optimal N-photon coherence.
description: 5 pages, including 2 figures and 1 table, final version for publication as rapid communication in Phys. Rev. A
Parameter Tuning of Three-Flavor Dynamical Anisotropic Clover Action
Creators: name: Lin, Huey-Wen
name: Edwards, Robert G.
name: Joó, Bálint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we perform parameter tuning with dynamical anisotropic clover lattices using the Schrödinger functional and stout-smearing in the fermion field. We find that $ξ_R/ξ_0$ is relatively close to 1 in our parameter search, which allows us to fix $ξ_0$ in our runs. We proposed to determine the gauge and fermion anisotropy in a Schrödinger-background small box using Wilson loop ratios and PCAC masses. We demonstrate that these ideas are equivalent to but more efficient than the conventional meson dispersion approach. The spatial and temporal clover coefficients are fixed to the tree-level tadpole-improved clover values, and we demonstrate that they satisfy the nonperturbative condition determined by Schrödinger functional method.
description: 7 pages. Presented at the XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 30 - August 4 2007, Regensburg, Germany
Effects of Strain on Orbital Ordering and Magnetism at the Perovskite Oxide Interfaces: LaMnO$_3$/SrMnO$_3$
Creators: name: Nanda, B. R. K.
name: Satpathy, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how strain affects orbital ordering and magnetism at the interface between SrMnO$_3$ and LaMnO$_3$ from density-functional calculations and interpret the basic results in terms of a three-site Mn-O-Mn model. Magnetic interaction between the Mn atoms is governed by a competition between the antiferromagnetic superexchange of the Mn t$_{2g}$ core spins and the ferromagnetic double exchange of the itinerant e$_g$ electrons. While the core electrons are relatively unaffected by the strain, the orbital character of the itinerant electron is strongly affected, which in turn causes a large change in the strength of the ferromagnetic double exchange. The epitaxial strain produces the tetragonal distortion of the MnO$_6$ octahedron, splitting the Mn-e$_g$ states into x$^2$-y$^2$ and 3z$^2$-1 states, with the former being lower in energy, if the strain is tensile in the plane, and opposite if the strain is compressive. For the case of the tensile strain, the resulting higher occupancy of the x$^2$-y$^2$ orbital enhances the in-plane ferromagnetic double exchange owing to the larger electron hopping in the plane, causing at the same time a reduction of the out-of-plane double exchange. This reduction is large enough to be overcome by antiferromagnetic superexchange, which wins to produce a net antiferromagnetic interaction between the out-of-plane Mn atoms. For the case of the in-plane compressive strain, the reverse happens, viz., that the higher occupancy of the 3z$^2$-1 orbital results in the out-of-plane ferromagnetic interaction, while the in-plane magnetic interaction remains antiferromagnetic. Concrete density-functional results are presented for the (LaMnO$_3$)$_1$/(SrMnO$_3$)$_1$ and (LaMnO$_3$)$_1$/(SrMnO$_3$)$_3$ superlattices for various strain conditions.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
Nuclear-resonant electron scattering
Creators: name: Pálffy, Adriana
name: Harman, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate nuclear-resonant electron scattering as occurring in the two-step process of nuclear excitation by electron capture (NEEC) followed by internal conversion. The nuclear excitation and decay are treated by a phenomenological collective model in which nuclear states and transition probabilities are described by experimental parameters. We present capture rates and resonant strengths for a number of heavy ion collision systems considering various scenarios for the resonant electron scattering process. The results show that for certain cases resonant electron scattering can have significantly larger resonance strengths than NEEC followed by the radiative decay of the nucleus. We discuss the impact of our findings on the possible experimental observation of NEEC.
description: 24 pages, 2 plots, 5 tables
Horizon-Penetrating Transonic Accretion Disks around Rotating Black Holes
Creators: name: Takahashi, Rohta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stationary hydrodynamic equations for the transonic accretion disks and flows around rotating black holes are presented by using the Kerr-Schild coordinate where there is no coordinate singularity at the event horizon. We use two types of the causal viscosity prescription, and the boundary conditions for the transonic accretion flows are given at the sonic point. For one type of the causal viscosity prescription we also add the boundary conditions at the viscous point where the accreting radial velocity is nearly equal to the viscous diffusion velocity. Based on the formalism for the transonic accretion disks, after we present the calculation method of the transonic solutions, the horizon-penetrating transonic solutions which smoothly pass the event horizon are calculated for several types of the accretion flow models: the ideal isothermal flows, the ideal and the viscous polytropic flows, the advection dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) with the relativistic equation of state, the adiabatic accretion disks, the standard accretion disks, the supercritical accretion disks. These solutions are obtained for both non-rotating and rotating black holes. The calculated accretion flows plunge into black hole with finite three velocity smaller than the speed of light even at the event horizon or inside the horizon, and the angular velocities of the accretion flow at the horizon are generally different from the angular velocity of the frame-dragging due to the black hole's rotation. These features contrast to the results obtained by using the Boyer-Lindquist coordinate with the coordinate singularity at the horizon.
description: MNRAS accepted
Gaussian Process Classification for Galaxy Blend Identification in LSST
Creators: name: Buchanan, James J.
name: Schneider, Michael D.
name: Armstrong, Robert E.
name: Muyskens, Amanda L.
name: Priest, Benjamin W.
name: Dana, Ryan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant fraction of observed galaxies in the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will overlap at least one other galaxy along the same line of sight, in a so-called "blend." The current standard method of assessing blend likelihood in LSST images relies on counting up the number of intensity peaks in the smoothed image of a blend candidate, but the reliability of this procedure has not yet been comprehensively studied. Here we construct a realistic distribution of blended and unblended galaxies through high-fidelity simulations of LSST-like images, and from this we examine the blend classification accuracy of the standard peak-finding method. Furthermore, we develop a novel Gaussian process blend classifier model, and show that this classifier is competitive with both the peak-finding method as well as with a convolutional neural network model. Finally, whereas the peak-finding method does not naturally assign probabilities to its classification estimates, the Gaussian process model does, and we show that the Gaussian process classification probabilities are generally reliable.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, version accepted by ApJ
Measurements of the elastic constants of a liquid crystal
Creators: name: Morris, Stephen William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The bend and splay elastic constants of the nematic liquid crystal octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB) are measured as a function of temperature using an electric-field-induced deformation. The capacitance and birefringence of a sample cell, temperature controlled to 0.1mK, were simultaneously measured as a function of applied voltage. The splay constant is determined from the critical voltage at the onset of the deformation (the Freedericksz transition). The bend constant is found by fitting the data above the critical voltage to the theory of Deuling, which is derived in full. The data is also analysed in the high- and low-field limits of the theory. The bend elastic constant displays a pretransitional divergence near the nematic-smectic A phase transition due to smectic fluctuation effects. The divergent part is fit by a power law with a critical exponent of 1.0±0.1. The Deuling theory, which is based on the assumption of linear elasticity, shows systematic deviation from the data at high voltages at all temperatures, with the disagreement increasing rapidly as the smectic phase is approached. This result suggests that the linear elastic theory of Dueling/ fails for large deformations and where smectic fluctuations contribute signifigantly to the bend elasticity. The failure near the smectic transition may be explainable by the quenching of smectic fluctuations by the deformation.
Regularity theory for fully nonlinear integro-differential equations
Creators: name: Caffarelli, Luis
name: Silvestre, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider nonlinear integro-differential equations, like the ones that arise from stochastic control problems with purely jump Lèvy processes. We obtain a nonlocal version of the ABP estimate, Harnack inequality, and interior $C^{1,α}$ regularity for general fully nonlinear integro-differential equations. Our estimates remain uniform as the degree of the equation approaches two, so they can be seen as a natural extension of the regularity theory for elliptic partial differential equations.
description: Minor typos corrected, and some extra comments added
Hall effect on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: León, Gladys
name: Berthod, Christophe
name: Giamarchi, Thierry
name: Millis, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the high frequency Hall effect on a two-dimensional triangular lattice with nearest-neighbor hopping and a local Hubbard interaction. The complete temperature and doping dependencies of the high-frequency Hall coefficient $R_H$ are evaluated analytically and numerically for small, intermediate, and strong interactions using various approximation schemes. We find that $R_H$ follows the semiclassical $1/qn^*$ law near T=0, but exhibits a striking $T$-linear behavior with an interaction- and doping-dependent slope at high temperature. We compare our results with previous theories as well as Hall measurements performed in the cobaltates.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Διερεύνηση του μηχανισμού αστοχίας των συνθηκών θεμελίωσης της Ι.Μ. Χιλανδαρίου, Αγίου Όρους
Creators: name: Πούλιος, Αγησίλαος Θεοδώρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Γεωλογία
subject: Καθιζήσεις
subject: Υπολειμματικά εδάφη
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Kerkyra
subject: Residual soils

description: Η συντήρηση και η αποκατάσταση έργων πολιτιστικής κληρονομιάς απαιτεί πλήρη και αναλυτικό έλεγχο των γεωλογικών και γεωτεχνικών παραμέτρων που τα επηρεάζουν. Έτσι είναι δυνατόν να αποσαφηνίζονται οι μηχανισμοί αστοχίας που μπορεί να δρουν ή να ενεργοποιηθούν και εξαιτίας τεχνικών παρεμβάσεων και να γίνεται λεπτομερής σχεδιασμός έργων αντιμετώπισής τους, με χρονικό ορίζοντα μεγαλύτερο των συμβατικών οικοδομικών έργων.Στη συγκεκριμένη εργασία παρουσιάζονται και αξιολογούνται τα γεωλογικά και γεωτεχνικά δεδομένα καθώς και οι μηχανισμοί αστοχίας του υπεδάφους θεμελίωσης της Ιεράς Μονής Χιλανδαρίου, στα πλαίσια των έργων αποκατάστασης της δυτικής πτέρυγας της Μονής. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, παρουσιάζονται τα αποτελέσματα της γεωτεχνικής έρευνας που εκτελέσθηκε στη Μονή, που περιλαμβάνει την εκτέλεση γεωτρήσεων, επί τόπου και εργαστηριακών δοκιμών και κατασκευάζεται το γεωτεχνικό προσομοίωμα του υπεδάφους έδρασης της Ιεράς Μονής. Στη συνέχεια με βάση το προσομοίωμα γίνονται οι έλεγχοι συμπεριφοράς του εδάφους έναντι παραμορφώσεων και καθιζήσεων.Τέλος, αποσαφηνίζεται ο κυρίαρχος μηχανισμός αστοχίας του υπεδάφους θεμελίωσης της Μονής και διαστασιολογούνται προτεινόμενα μέτρα αντιμετώπισής του.
description: The conservation and restoration of cultural heritage structures requires a complete and detailed analysis of the geological and geotechnical parameters that affect them. Thus, it is possible to clarify the failure mechanisms that act upon them or might be activated due to engineering interventions and to carry out detailed planning of measures to mitigate their effect at a time scale longer than conventional construction works.In the present thesis, the geological and geotechnical data as well as the failure mechanisms affecting the foundation of the Holy Monastery of Chilandari are presented and evaluated, in the context of the restoration of the western wing of the Monastery. More specifically, the results of the geotechnical investigation carried out at the Monastery are presented, which includes sample drilling in situ and laboratory tests and the formulation of the geotechnical model of the area of foundation of the Holy Monastery. Based on the model, the behavior of the soil is investigated against deformations and settlement.Finally, the principal failure mechanism of the subsoil foundation of the Monastery is established and countermeasures are designed and dimensioned.
Campi Flegrei 2011-2012 dMODELS - snapshot
Creators: name: Wolniewicz, Gosia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The analytical model of deformation dMODELS was applied to the Campi Flegrei case study for the period 2011-2012. This RO contains the source parameters and the estimated errors committed in modeling the geophysical source by inverting GPS data; the shape of the source is considered as a sphere. More details are available in the 'documents' folder within the 'Content' section (see 'Description dModels_Campi_Flegrei.docx').
The symbiotic star CH Cygni. I. An analysis of the shocked nebulae at different epochs
Creators: name: Contini, M.
name: Angeloni, R.
name: Rafanelli, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. We analyse the line and continuum spectra of the symbiotic system CH Cygni. Aims. To show that the colliding-wind model is valid to explain this symbiotic star at different phases. Methods. Peculiar observed features such as flickering, radio variation, X-ray emission, as well as the distribution of the nebulae and shells throughout the system are investigated by modelling the spectra at different epochs. The models account consistently for shock and photoionization and are constrained by absolute fluxes. Results. We find that the reverse shock between the stars leads to the broad lines observed during the active phases, as well as to radio and hard X-ray emission, while the expanding shock is invoked to explain the data during the transition phases.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, 10 tables, submitted to A&A on 5th December 2007
y-scaling in Quasielastic Electron Scattering from Nuclei
Creators: name: Kim, K. S.
name: Wright, L. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relativistic single particle model is used to calculate the inclusive $(e,e')$ reaction from $A=$12, 40, 56, 197, and 208 nuclei in the quasielastic region. We have shown that this model provides a very good description of the available experimental cross sections when they are dominated by the quasielastic process. In this paper we use this model to investigate the dependence of $y$-scaling on electron kinematics, particularly the electron scattering angle, for a range of squared four momentum transfer $0.20-0.80$ (GeV/c)$^2$. In this kinematic domain, Coulomb distortion of the electron does not significantly affect scaling, but final state interactions of the knocked out nucleon do affect scaling particularly when the nucleons have lower energies. In general, we find that scaling works for this reaction, but at lower values of the four momentum transfer, the scaling function does have some dependence on the electron scattering angle. We also consider a modification of y-scaling to include small binding energy effects as a function of Z and A and show that there is some improvement in scaling.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures
Multicriticality of Two-dimensional Class D Disordered Topological Superconductors
Creators: name: Wang, Tong
name: Pan, Zhiming
name: Ohtsuki, Tomi
name: Gruzberg, Ilya A.
name: Shindou, Ryuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generic two-dimensional disordered topological superconductor in symmetry class D exhibits rich phenomenology and multiple phases: diffusive thermal metal (DTM), Anderson insulator (AI), and thermal quantum Hall (TQH) phase (a topological superconductor). We numerically investigate the phase diagram of a lattice model of such class D superconductor, specifically focusing on transitions between the phases and the associated universal critical behaviors. We confirm the existence of a tricritical point and its repulsive nature at the point on the phase diagram where the three phases meet. We characterize the critical behaviors at various critical points and the tricritical point using numerical evaluation of the localization length, the conductance (or conductivity), and the density of states. We conclude that the two metal-insulator transitions (DTM-TQH and DTM-AI) belong to the same universality class, whereas the tricritical point (TCP) represents a distinct universality class.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Brundan-Kazhdan-Lusztig and super duality conjectures
Creators: name: Cheng, Shun-Jen
name: Wang, Weiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We formulate a general super duality conjecture on connections between parabolic categories O of modules over Lie superalgebras and Lie algebras of type A, based on a Fock space formalism of their Kazhdan-Lusztig theories which was initiated by Brundan. We show that the Brundan-Kazhdan-Lusztig (BKL) polynomials for Lie superalgebra gl(m|n) in our parabolic setup can be identified with the usual parabolic Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials. We establish some special cases of the BKL conjecture on the parabolic category O of gl(m|n)-modules and additional results which support the BKL conjecture and super duality conjecture.
description: v2, 44 pages, mild changes, clarifications on Introduction and other places
Is gravitational entropy quantized ?
Creators: name: Kothawala, Dawood
name: Padmanabhan, T.
name: Sarkar, Sudipta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Einstein's gravity, the entropy of horizons is proportional to their area. Several arguments given in the literature suggest that, in this context, both area and entropy should be quantized with an equally spaced spectrum for large quantum numbers. But in more general theories (like, for e.g, in the black hole solutions of Gauss-Bonnet or Lanczos-Lovelock gravity) the horizon entropy is \emph{not} proportional to area and the question arises as to which of the two (if at all) will have this property. We give a general argument that in all Lanczos-Lovelock theories of gravity, it is the \emph{entropy} that has equally spaced spectrum. In the case of Gauss-Bonnet gravity, we use the asymptotic form of quasi normal mode frequencies to explicitly demonstrate this result. Hence, the concept of a quantum of area in Einstein Hilbert (EH) gravity needs to be replaced by a concept of \emph{quantum of entropy} in a more general context.
description: RevTeX 4; 4 pages; no figures
Inflation and type III seesaw mechanism in $ν$-gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking
Creators: name: Kawai, Shinsuke
name: Okada, Nobuchika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss realization of cosmic inflation in the $ν$-gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking scenario, in which a set of 24-dimensional chiral superfields responsible for the type III seesaw mechanism play the role of the messenger fields in gauge mediation. Using the data from neutrino oscillations, we show that the model satisfies constraints from the lepton flavor violation, perturbativity of the unified gauge couplings, the observed abundance of dark matter as well as the Higgs mass of 125.1 GeV. The predicted spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation fits well with the observation. We also comment on the falsifiability of this scenario by future experiments.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, version to appear in PRD
Hermitian conjugate measurement
Creators: name: Terashima, Hiroaki
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new class of probabilistic reversing operations on the state of a system that was disturbed by a weak measurement. It can approximately recover the original state from the disturbed state especially with an additional information gain using the Hermitian conjugate of the measurement operator. We illustrate the general scheme by considering a quantum measurement consisting of spin systems with an experimentally feasible interaction and show that the reversing operation simultaneously increases both the fidelity to the original state and the information gain with such a high probability of success that their average values increase simultaneously.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures; a paragraph is added in the introduction
Malpighian tubules of A. dorsalis mosquito larvae : general characteristics and mechanism of magnesium transport
Creators: name: Ng, Karen Karpui
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Malpighian tubules of A. dorsalis mosquito larvae, studied in vitro, actively transported magnesium at high rates against concentration gradients as large as 16-fold and transepithelial potential gradients of approximately -l5mV. Fluid secretion rates, determined over 90 minute periods, in the presence and absence of cAMP, indicated that A. dorsalis tubules were viable and had secretion rates of the same magnitude as those reported for A. taeniorhynchus tubules. Having characterized the in vitro preparation of Malpighian tubules, the main hypothesis that Mg²⁺ transport is driven predominately by counter transport with Na⁺ was tested. This hypothesis was not supported by kinetic, Na-substitution, or inhibitor studies. Kinetic and Bumetanide studies suggest backflux of K drives J mg; however, this was not consistently found in other studies.
GMASS Ultradeep Spectroscopy of Galaxies at z~2. III: The emergence of the color bimodality at z~2
Creators: name: Cassata, P.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Kurk, J.
name: Rodighiero, G.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Mignoli, M.
name: Berta, S.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Franceschini, A.
name: Halliday, C.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Zamorani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this work is to study the evolution of the rest frame color distribution of galaxies with the redshift, in particular in the critical interval 1.410.1, and we study their morphological and spectro-photometric properties. We show that the contribution to this sample of early-type galaxies, defined as galaxies with a spheroidal morphology and no star formation, decreases from 60-70% at z<0.5 down to ~50% at redshift z=2. At z>2 we still find red galaxies in the mass complete sample, even if the bimodality is not seen any more. About 25% of these red galaxies at z>2 are passively evolving, with the bulk of their stars formed at redshift z>`3.
description: to appear on A&A letters, 4 pages, 3 figures
Radion stabilization from the vacuum on flat extra dimensions
Creators: name: Santos, Elí
name: Pérez-Lorenzana, A.
name: Pimentel, Luis O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Volume stabilization in models with flat extra dimension could follow from vacuum energy residing in the bulk when translational invariance is spontaneously broken. We study a simple toy model that exemplifies this mechanism which considers a massive scalar field with non trivial boundary conditions at the end points of the compact space, and includes contributions from brane and bulk cosmological constants. We perform our analysis in the conformal frame where the radion field, associated with volume variations, is defined, and present a general strategy for building stabilization potentials out of those ingredients. We also provide working examples for the interval and the $T^n/Z_2$ orbifold configuration.
description: Comments and clarifications added throughout the text. Typos corrected and references added. Final version, 27 pages, five figures included
Toward asynchronous EEG-based BCI: Detecting imagined words segments in continuous EEG signals
Creators: name: Hernández-Del-Toro, Tonatiuh
name: Reyes-García, Carlos A.
name: Villaseñor-Pineda, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An asynchronous Brain--Computer Interface (BCI) based on imagined speech is a tool that allows to control an external device or to emit a message at the moment the user desires to by decoding EEG signals of imagined speech. In order to correctly implement these types of BCI, we must be able to detect from a continuous signal, when the subject starts to imagine words. In this work, five methods of feature extraction based on wavelet decomposition, empirical mode decomposition, frequency energies, fractal dimension and chaos theory features are presented to solve the task of detecting imagined words segments from continuous EEG signals as a preliminary study for a latter implementation of an asynchronous BCI based on imagined speech. These methods are tested in three datasets using four different classifiers and the higher F1 scores obtained are 0.73, 0.79, and 0.68 for each dataset, respectively. This results are promising to build a system that automatizes the segmentation of imagined words segments for latter classification.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures
An eclectic approach to the study of parental attitudes towards a disabled child. The context of St. John Paul II
Creators: name: Forma, Paulina
Publisher: name: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach
Year: 2024

description: SPIS TREŚCI ARTYKUŁY I ROZPRAWY TERESA WILK, O potrzebie szerszego wprowadzenia sztuki w szkolny proces edukacyjno-wychowawczy młodego pokolenia . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 11 KARINA LEKSY, Body in the social domain of the Internet – the effect of social comparisons on self-esteem and body-related behavior of young adults . . . . 25 JUSTYNA ŚWIERCZYŃSKA, BEATA PAWŁOWSKA, IZABELA CHOJNOWSKA- -ĆWIĄKAŁA, Mothers’ personality traits and psychological and social functioning of children with autism spectrum disorder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 BARBARA LULEK, Zabawa – praca – fascynacja. Obraz dzieciństwa w pracowni artystycznej . . . . .. . . . 71 PAULINA FORMA, An eclectic approach to the study of parental attitudes towards a disabled child. The context of St. John Paul II . . 87 ANNA RÓŻA MAKARUK, Ocena skuteczności Interpersonalnego Treningu Twórczego Myślenia (ITTM) w podnoszeniu poziomu samooceny jego uczestników . . .101 DANUTA NIKITENKO, Twórczość i kreatywność w świetle rozważań pedagogicznych (studenci pedagogiki na temat kreatywności) . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 KATARZYNA ROGOZIŃSKA, Zygmunt Noskowski (1846–1909) – sylwetka nauczyciela muzyki . .139 JUSTYNA SALA-SUSZYŃSKA, Wpływ gier na rozwój osobowości dziecka . . . . . . . 157 KATARZYNA SEGIET, Odpowiedzialność rodzicielska w obliczu przemian społecznych . . . . 173 MONIKA WOJTKOWIAK, Brotherhood in the aid service. The “Warrior Project” as a new form of development and support provided by soldiers to soldiers 189 ALEKSANDRA SOBAŃSKA, Postawy czytelnicze – próba konceptualizacji i ich znaczenie w badaniach edukacyjnych . . . . 199 BADANIA I KOMUNIKATY AGNIESZKA ZAJĄC, Rozumienie seksualności i wychowania seksualnego dzieci przez matki i nauczycielki przedszkola . . . 213 MARLENA STRADOMSKA, Pornografia 2.0. Nowe zagrożenia na podstawie studiów przypadków . . . . . . . 231 ANNA RÓG, ANNA SKOTNICKA, Czas wolny w czasie pandemii w perspektywie młodzieży ostatnich klas szkoły podstawowej – wybrane aspekty . . . . . . . . . . 245 WERONA KRÓL-GIERAT, VERA SAVIĆ, The diverse linguistic attainment and attitude development of children learning English as a foreign language in inclusive classes . . . . . . . . 261 DAMIAN LABIAK, Młodzi nauczyciele muzyki wobec wyzwań swojej profesji. Komunikat z badań . . . . . . 289 DOROTA RUSZKIEWICZ, Rodzeństwo w roli rodzicielskiej . . . . . . . 309
description: The birth of a disabled child determines the situation of the family, it leads, inter alia, to changes in parental attitudes. This article is theoretical and empirical in nature. It illustrates the antinomy of parental attitudes towards a disabled child. The diagnosis of attitudes leads to the formulation of pedagogical and ethical guidelines that would modify parental functioning and parental experiences. In ethical terms, they are undoubtedly related to the experience of man as a moral subject (Sztaba 2013, 2019).
Quantum and classical temporal correlations in $(1 + 1)D$ Quantum Cellular Automata
Creators: name: Gillman, Edward
name: Carollo, Federico
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ $(1 + 1)$-dimensional quantum cellular automata to study the evolution of entanglement and coherence near criticality in quantum systems that display non-equilibrium steady-state phase transitions. This construction permits direct access to the entire space-time structure of the underlying non-equilibrium dynamics. It contains the full ensemble of classical trajectories and also allows for the analysis of unconventional correlations, such as entanglement in the time direction between the "present" and the "past". Close to criticality, the dynamics of these correlations - which we quantify through the second-order Renyi entropy - displays power-law behavior on its approach to stationarity. Our analysis is based on quantum generalizations of classical non-equilibrium systems: the Domany-Kinzel cellular automaton and the Bagnoli-Boccara-Rechtman model, for which we provide estimates for the critical exponents related to the classical and quantum components of the entropy. Our study shows that $(1 + 1)$-dimensional quantum cellular automata permit an intriguing perspective on the nature of classical and quantum correlations in out-of-equilibrium systems.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Supplementary Material of 7 pages, 2 figures
AAACS 2013 Closing Keynote - Actionable Curriculum Theory
Creators: name: De Oliveira Andreotti, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS)
Year: 2014

description: In her conference keynote, Vanessa de Oliveira Andreotti also responds to the challenges posed in the 2013 call, offering an array of conceptual provocations and invocations aimed at dislodging the assumptions of Western modernity.
description: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS), Vol 10 No 1 (2014)
Modified perturbation theory for pair production and decay of fundamental unstable particles
Creators: name: Nekrasov, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an asymptotic expansion in powers of the coupling constant directly of the cross-section for pair production and decay of fundamental unstable particles. The resonant and kinematic singularities arising in the expansion we treat in the sense of distributions. This mode allows us to transform formally divergent integrals into absolutely convergent ones with keeping the asymptotic property of the expansion. The appropriate procedure is elaborated up to an arbitrary order of the expansion. The peculiarity of application of the procedure in the threshold region is analysed. The scheme of the calculations within the NNLO approximation is explicitly discussed.
description: 32 pages, matches IJMPA version
Lectures on Scattering Amplitudes via AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Alday, Luis F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent progress on computing scattering amplitudes of planar N=4 super Yang-Mills at strong coupling by using the AdS/CFT duality. We do explicit computations by using both, dimensional regularization and a cut-off in the radial direction. Up to an additive constant independent on the kinematics, the finite piece of the amplitude is the same in both regularizations. The later scheme is particularly appropriate for understanding the conformal properties of the amplitudes.
description: Harvmac, 23 pages, 6 figures
Education and the Resurrection of the New Civil Rights Movement
Creators: name: Wilcox, Deborah
Publisher: name: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS)
Year: 2014

description: Civil Rights activist and scholar Deborah Wilcox draws on her own history in the movement to provide a critical reading of Meira Levinson’s call for a radical new approach to civics education in her recent book, No Citizen Left Behind.
description: Journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Curriculum Studies (JAAACS), Vol 10 No 1 (2014)
Experimental Verification of the Quantized Conductance of Photonic Crystal Waveguides
Creators: name: Dai, Weitao
name: Wang, Bingnan
name: Koschny, Thomas
name: Soukoulis, Costas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experiments that demonstrate the quantization of the conductance of photonic crystal waveguides. To obtain a diffusive wave, we have added all the transmitted channels for all the incident angles. The conductance steps have equal height and a width of one half the wavelength used. Detailed numerical results agree very well with the novel experimental results.
description: Phys. Rev. B (submitted)
Optimized two-dimensional Networks with edge crossing cost: frustrated anti-ferromagnetic spin system
Creators: name: Cheng, An-Liang
name: Lai, Pik-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quasi two-dimensional network connection growth model that minimizes the wiring cost while maximizing the network connections, but at the same time edge crossings are penalized or forbidden. This model is mapped to a dilute anti-ferromagnetic Ising spin system with frustrations. We obtain analytic results for the order-parameter or mean degree of the optimized network using mean field theories. The cost landscape is analyzed in detail showing complex structures due to frustration as the crossing penalty increases. For the case of strictly no edge crossing is allowed, the mean-field equations lead to a new algorithm that can effectively find the (near) optimal solution even for this strongly frustrated system. All these results are also verified by Monte Carlo simulations and numerical solution of the mean-field equations. Possible applications and relation to the planar triangulation problem is also discussed.
Direct Measurement of 2D and 3D Interprecipitate Distance Distributions from Atom-Probe Tomographic Reconstructions
Creators: name: Karnesky, Richard A.
name: Isheim, Dieter
name: Seidman, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Edge-to-edge interprecipitate distance distributions are critical for predicting precipitation strengthening of alloys and other physical phenomena. A method to calculate this 3D distance and the 2D interplanar distance from atom-probe tomographic data is presented. It is applied to nanometer-sized Cu-rich precipitates in an Fe-1.7 at.% Cu alloy. Experimental interprecipitate distance distributions are discussed.
A search for radio emission from double-neutron star merger GW190425 using Apertif
Creators: name: Boersma, Olivér
name: van Leeuwen, Joeri
name: Adams, Elizabeth A. K.
name: Adebahr, Björn
name: Kutkin, Alexander
name: Oosterloo, Tom
name: de Blok, W. J. G.
name: Brink, R. van den
name: Coolen, A. H. W. M.
name: Connor, L.
name: Damstra, S.
name: Dénes, H.
name: Hess, K. M.
name: van der Hulst, J. M.
name: Hut, B.
name: Ivashina, M.
name: Loose, G. M.
name: Lucero, D. M.
name: Maan, Y.
name: Mika, Á.
name: Moss, V. A.
name: Mulder, H.
name: Oostrum, L. C.
name: Ruiter, M.
name: van der Schuur, D.
name: Smits, R.
name: Vermaas, N. J.
name: Vohl, D.
name: Ziemke, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detection of the electromagnetic emission from coalescing binary neutron stars (BNS) is important for understanding the merger and afterglow. We present a search for a radio counterpart to the gravitational-wave source GW190425, a BNS merger, using Apertif on the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope (WSRT). We observe a field of high probability in the associated localisation region for 3 epochs at 68, 90 and 109 days post merger. We identify all sources that exhibit flux variations consistent with the expected afterglow emission of GW190425. We also look for possible transients. These are sources which are only present in one epoch. In addition, we quantify our ability to search for radio afterglows in fourth and future observing runs of the gravitational-wave detector network using Monte Carlo simulations. We found 25 afterglow candidates based on their variability. None of these could be associated with a possible host galaxy at the luminosity distance of GW190425. We also found 55 transient afterglow candidates that were only detected in one epoch. All turned out to be image artefacts. In the fourth observing run, we predict that up to three afterglows will be detectable by Apertif. While we did not find a source related to the afterglow emission of GW190425, the search validates our methods for future searches of radio afterglows.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication
Does a Computer have an Arrow of Time?
Creators: name: Maroney, O. J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In [Sch05a], it is argued that Boltzmann's intuition, that the psychological arrow of time is necessarily aligned with the thermodynamic arrow, is correct. Schulman gives an explicit physical mechanism for this connection, based on the brain being representable as a computer, together with certain thermodynamic properties of computational processes. [Haw94] presents similar, if briefer, arguments. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the support for the link between thermodynamics and an arrow of time for computers. The principal arguments put forward by Schulman and Hawking will be shown to fail. It will be shown that any computational process that can take place in an entropy increasing universe, can equally take place in an entropy decreasing universe. This conclusion does not automatically imply a psychological arrow can run counter to the thermodynamic arrow. Some alternative possible explana- tions for the alignment of the two arrows will be briefly discussed.
description: 31 pages, no figures, publication version