cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discrete Symmetry Breaking Transitions Between Paired Superfluids
Creators: name: Bhaseen, M. J.
name: Ejima, S.
name: Essler, F. H. L.
name: Fehske, H.
name: Hohenadler, M.
name: Simons, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the zero-temperature phase diagram of bosons interacting via Feshbach resonant pairing interactions in one dimension. Using DMRG (Density Matrix Renormalization Group) and field theory techniques we characterize the phases and quantum phase transitions in this low-dimensional setting. We provide a broad range of evidence in support of an Ising quantum phase transition separating distinct paired superfluids, including results for the energy gaps, correlation functions and entanglement entropy. In particular, we show that the Ising correlation length, order parameter and critical properties are directly accessible from a ratio of the atomic and molecular two-point functions. We further demonstrate that both the zero-momentum occupation numbers and the visibility are in accordance with the absence of a purely atomic superfluid phase. We comment on the connection to recent studies of boson pairing in a generalized classical XY model.
description: 18 pages, 22 figures
The Romelsberger Index, Berkooz Deconfinement, and Infinite Families of Seiberg Duals
Creators: name: Sudano, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Romelsberger's index has been argued to be an RG-invariant and, therefore, Seiberg-duality-invariant object that counts protected operators in the IR SCFT of an N=1 theory. These claims have so far passed all tests. In fact, it remains possible that this index is a perfect discriminant of duality. The investigation presented here bolsters such optimism. It is shown that the conditions of total ellipticity, which are needed for the mathematical manifestation of duality, are equivalent to the conditions ensuring non-anomalous gauge and flavor symmetries and the matching of (most) 't Hooft anomalies. Further insights are gained from an analysis of recent results by Craig, et al. It is shown that a non-perturbative resolution of an apparent mismatch of global symmetries is automatically accounted for in the index. It is then shown that through an intricate series of dynamical steps, the index not only remains fixed, but the only integral relation needed is the one that gives the "primitive" Seiberg dualities, perhaps hinting that the symmetry at the core is fundamental rather than incidental.
description: 47 pages; some typos corrected
title: Assessing Marine Protected Areas network and alternative management scenarios for the sustainable exploitation of fish resources in the Southwest lagoon of New Caledonia
Creators: name: Preuss, B.
name: Pelletier, D.
name: Wantiez, L.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session L
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Following a supposed decline of fish resources in the southwestern lagoon of New Caledonia during the 1980s, the government implemented a network of marine reserves, most of which have been monitored through field surveys for 15 years. This lagoon is a large coastal coral reef seascape, subject to substantial pressure from fishing and other activities. Therefore, the relevance and efficiency of an MPA for a sustainable exploitation of resources is a complex issue. Based on modelling of key fish resources and fishing activities, the aim of this study is (i) to determine the key parameters of the biology and the ecology of species regarding stock management issues, (ii) to evaluate the sustainability of the exploitation, depending on alternative management scenarios under a range of hypotheses about fish connectivity between habitats. Using the ISIS-FISH model with sensitivity analysis, we select the most critical parameters of population dynamics for best stock management. Moreover, we focus on spatial consideration as coral reefs are very fragmented habitats, and fishing pressure is highly heterogeneous in the study area. MPAs are currently the main management tool for lagoonal fisheries in the southwestern lagoon of New Caledonia. The ISIS-FISH model with habitat consideration is used to evaluate through simulations the relevance of a range of management scenarios to ensure the sustainable exploitation of main fish resources.
title: The Big Five Personality Traits and Social Support During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: The Supporters, the Supported, and the Overlooked
Creators: name: Kratt, Luise
name: Höltmann, Gesine
name: Hutter, Swen
name: Specht, Jule
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Big Five
subject: COVID‐19 pandemic
subject: personality
subject: social support
subject: volunteering
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Social support can benefit its recipients and even its providers and is especially important in times of crisis. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, support from society and personal networks became particularly crucial but individuals greatly differed in their support reception and provision. The Big Five personality traits may be key to explaining these interindividual differences: In this study, we investigated their impact on the support provided, received and additionally needed during the COVID‐19 pandemic using data collected in October 2020 in a large German sample ( N  = 3330). The Big Five personality traits predicted support received from the state, civil society and the social network, with extraversion and openness emerging as positive and conscientiousness and emotional stability as negative predictors. The need for additional support was predicted positively by openness and negatively by conscientiousness, emotional stability and agreeableness. Support provision was predicted by all traits, positively by extraversion and openness and negatively by conscientiousness and emotional stability. Notably, agreeableness showed positive associations with social but negative associations with societal support reception and provision. Our findings highlight the importance of personality in social support processes during crises and the need to distinguish between different support sources. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement .
MPEC 2023-X89 : 2023 XU1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XU1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Understanding quantum measurement from the solution of dynamical models
Creators: name: Allahverdyan, Armen E.
name: Balian, Roger
name: Nieuwenhuizen, Theo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum measurement problem, understanding why a unique outcome is obtained in each individual experiment, is tackled by solving models. After an introduction we review the many dynamical models proposed over the years. A flexible and rather realistic model is introduced, describing the measurement of the $z$-component of a spin through interaction with a magnetic memory simulated by a Curie--Weiss magnet, including $N \gg1$ spins weakly coupled to a phonon bath. Initially prepared in a metastable paramagnetic state, it may transit to its up or down ferromagnetic state, triggered by its coupling with the tested spin, so that its magnetization acts as a pointer. A detailed solution of the dynamical equations is worked out. Conditions are found, which ensure that the process satisfies the features of ideal measurements. Various imperfections are discussed, as well as attempts of incompatible measurements. The first steps consist in the solution of the Hamiltonian dynamics for the spin-apparatus density matrix $D(t)$. On a longer time scale, the trend towards equilibrium of the magnet produces a final state $D(t_{\rm f})$ that involves correlations between the system and the indications of the pointer, thus ensuring registration. A difficulty lies in a quantum ambiguity: There exist many incompatible decompositions of the density matrix $\scriptD(t_{\rm f})$. This difficulty is overcome by dynamics due to suitable interactions within the apparatus. Any subset of runs thus reaches over a brief delay a stable state which satisfies the same hierarchic property as in classical probability theory. Standard quantum statistical mechanics alone appears sufficient to explain the occurrence of a unique answer in each run. Finally, pedagogical exercises are proposed while the statistical interpretation is promoted for teaching. [Abridged]
description: Minor changes, matches published version. 201 pages Latex, 377 references, 15 figures
title: Revising Common Approaches for Calibration: Insights From a 1‐D Tracer‐Aided Hydrological Model With High‐Dimensional Parameters and Objectives
Creators: name: Wu, Songjun
name: Tetzlaff, Doerthe
name: Soulsby, Chris
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: tracers
subject: hydrology
subject: calibration
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: The dimensionality of parameters and objectives has been increasing due to the accelerating development of models and monitoring network, which brings potential challenges for calibration. In this study, two common philosophies for multi‐objective optimisation in hydrology (the use of aggregated scalar criterion or vector functions) were revisited with different sampling strategies: (a) random sampling, (b) DiffeRential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREAM as an example of an aggregated scalar function), and (c) Non‐Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA‐II as Pareto‐based multi‐objective optimisation). By testing the ability of algorithms to simultaneously capture soil moisture and soil water isotopes at three depths under four vegetation covers, we found random sampling performed poorly in matching observations due to its inability to explore high‐dimensional parameter space. DREAM, in contrast, could provide efficient parameter convergence with informal likelihood functions, but the choice of formal likelihood function is difficult due to the lack of knowledge about model residuals, leading to poor performance. NSGA‐II is effective and efficient after aggregating objectives to ≤4, but failed when calibrating against all 24 objectives. Overall, both philosophies and all three approaches are challenged by increasing dimensionality, and it generally requires a degree of trial‐and‐error before achieving a successful calibration. This suggests the potential to explore a more flexible way to describe model residuals (e.g., by defining limits of acceptability). Alternatively, improvements could be made by using an ensemble of models to represent the system (instead of “best” model) given the average of a calibrated ensemble usually performed better than any individual model.
Quantum impurity coupled to Majorana edge fermions
Creators: name: Zitko, Rok
name: Simon, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum impurity coupled to the edge states of a two-dimensional helical topological superconductor, i.e., to a pair of counterpropagating Majorana fermion edge channels with opposite spin polarizations. For an impurity described by the Anderson impurity model, we show that the problem maps onto a variant of the interacting resonant two-level model which, in turn, maps onto the ferromagnetic Kondo model. Both magnetic and non-magnetic impurities are considered. For magnetic impurities, the bosonization and numerical renormalization group analyses show that the system flows to a fixed point with residual ln 2 entropy and we find characteristically anisotropic static and dynamic impurity magnetic susceptibilities. For non-magnetic impurities, the system flows to a fixed point with no residual entropy and we find diamagnetic response at low temperatures. We comment on the Schrieffer-Wolff transformation for problems with non-standard conduction band continua and on the issues related to the differences in describing the impurities by either Anderson or Kondo impurity models.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
title: Novel biophysical life cycle model for European anchovy in the NW Mediterranean: towards a fisheries management tool
Creators: name: Ospina-Álvarez, A.
name: Palomera, I.
name: Garreu, P.
name: Nicolle, A.
name: Parada, C.
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session L
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Recruitment of European anchovy is thought to depend largely on the passive transport of eggs and larvae from spawning to nursery areas. Here we consider an individual-based, discrete, and stochastic model (IBM) for the transport and advection of anchovy eggs and early larvae in the northwestern Mediterranean. This is the first time that an IBM has been applied to field data of eggs and larvae densities from the Gulf of Lions (GoL) and the Catalan Sea. To this aim, we consider: (i) the effect of egg-buoyancy changes through development and (ii) the effect of diel vertical migration (DVM) through larval growth, on transport or retention. Ichthyoplankton samples were obtained during June 2007/2008 DEPM surveys. Egg-density measurements were carried out in a density gradient column to obtain an equation describing the egg-density changes through development. A DVM scheme adjusted by larvae stages’ ability to swim was implemented. The output of a Mars3D hydrodynamic model was coupled to ICHTHYOP-IBM, allowing the analysis of transport owing to mesoscale processes. We found that the coupled hydrodynamic–IBM model is sensitive to initial conditions of eggs in the water column, the egg vertical displacement owing to buoyancy, and vertical movement of early larvae. The GoL is the main spawning area of anchovy in the region. The shelf-slope current along the continental slope off the Catalan Sea advects surface waters. Applying coupled hydrodynamic–IBM models to the simulated advection and transport spectra allows us to determine to what extent the recruitment of anchovy populations in the Catalan Sea depend on transport mechanisms.
Quis pendit ipsa pretia: facebook valuation and diagnostic of a bubble based on nonlinear demographic dynamics
Creators: name: Cauwels, Peter
name: Sornette, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We present a novel methodology to determine the fundamental value of firms in the social-networking sector based on two ingredients: (i) revenues and profits are inherently linked to its user basis through a direct channel that has no equivalent in other sectors; (ii) the growth of the number of users can be calibrated with standard logistic growth models and allows for reliable extrapolations of the size of the business at long time horizons. We illustrate the methodology with a detailed analysis of facebook, one of the biggest of the social-media giants. There is a clear signature of a change of regime that occurred in 2010 on the growth of the number of users, from a pure exponential behavior (a paradigm for unlimited growth) to a logistic function with asymptotic plateau (a paradigm for growth in competition). We consider three different scenarios, a base case, a high growth and an extreme growth scenario. Using a discount factor of 5%, a profit margin of 29% and 3.5 USD of revenues per user per year yields a value of facebook of 15.3 billion USD in the base case scenario, 20.2 billion USD in the high growth scenario and 32.9 billion USD in the extreme growth scenario. According to our methodology, this would imply that facebook would need to increase its profit per user before the IPO by a factor of 3 to 6 in the base case scenario, 2.5 to 5 in the high growth scenario and 1.5 to 3 in the extreme growth scenario in order to meet the current, widespread, high expectations. To prove the wider applicability of our methodology, the analysis is repeated on Groupon, the well-known deal-of-the-day website which is expected to go public in November 2011. The results are in line with the facebook analysis. Customer growth will plateau. By not taking this fundamental property of the growth process into consideration, estimates of its IPO are wildly overpriced.
description: New version includes additional study of groupon, confirming our conclusions with facebook on the existence of significant overvaluation in the social network sector
title: Deciphering the Cell Surface Sugar‐Coating via Biochemical Pathways
Creators: name: Ghosh, Pritam
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Glycan
subject: Copper click chemistry
subject: Metalloid boron
subject: Target therapeutics
subject: AI-ML
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik und verwandte Technologien

description: Cell surface components, specifically glycans, play a significant role in several biological functions like cell structure, crosstalk between cells, and eventual target recognition of the cells for therapeutics. The dense layer of glycans, i. e., glycocalyx, could differ in taxon, species, and cell type. Glycans are coupled with lipids and proteins to form glycolipids, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored proteins, making their study challenging. However, understanding glycosylation at the cellular level is vital for fundamental research and advancing glycan‐targeted therapy. Among different pathways, metabolic glycan labelling uses the natural metabolic processes of the cell to introduce abiotic functionality into glycan residues. The Bertozzi group pioneered metabolic oligosaccharide engineering using glycan salvage pathways to convert monosaccharides with unnatural modifications. This eventually results in the probe becoming part of the complex cellular glycan structures via click chemistry using copper. On the other hand, the boronic acid‐based probe can recognise carbohydrates in a single step without any chemical modification of the surface. This review discusses the significance of glycans as biomarkers for different diseases and the necessity to evaluate them in situ within the physiological environment. The review also discusses the prospect of this field and its potential applications.
title: L${L}$‐functions of Kloosterman sheaves
Creators: name: Qin, Yichen
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: In this article, we study a family of motives Mn+1k$\mathrm{M}_{n+1}^k$associated with the symmetric power of Kloosterman sheaves constructed by Fresán, Sabbah, and Yu. They demonstrated that for n=1$n=1$, the L$L$‐functions of M2k$\mathrm{M}_{2}^k$extend meromorphically to C$\mathbb {C}$and satisfy the functional equations conjectured by Broadhurst and Roberts. Our work aims to extend these results to the L$L$‐functions of some of the motives Mn+1k$\mathrm{M}_{n+1}^k$, with n>1$n>1$, as well as other related two‐dimensional motives. In particular, we prove several conjectures of Evans type, which relate moments of Kloosterman sheaves and Fourier coefficients of modular forms.
Additional file 1: of X-chromosome association study reveals genetic susceptibility loci of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Creators: name: Zuo, Xiao-Yu
name: Feng, Qi-Sheng
name: Sun, Jian
name: Wei, Pan-Pan
name: Chin, Yoon-Ming
name: Guo, Yun-Miao
name: Xia, Yun-Fei
name: Li, Bo
name: Xia, Xiao-Jun
name: Jia, Wei-Hua
name: Liu, Jian-Jun
name: Khoo, Alan
name: Mushiroda, Taisei
name: Ng, Ching-Ching
name: Su, Wen-Hui
name: Zeng, Yi-Xin
name: Bei, Jin-Xin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental materials. This file contains supplemental tables (Table S1-S8) and figures (Figure S1-S6). (PDF 2826 kb)
Study of exclusive one-pion and one-eta production using hadron and dielectron channels in pp reactions at kinetic beam energies of 1.25 GeV and 2.2 GeV with HADES
Creators: name: HADES Collaboration
name: Agakishiev, G.
name: Alvarez-Pol, H.
name: Balanda, A.
name: Bassini, R.
name: Böhmer, M.
name: Bokemeyer, H.
name: Boyard, J. L.
name: Cabanelas, P.
name: Chernenko, S.
name: Christ, T.
name: Destefanis, M.
name: Dohrmann, F.
name: Dybczak, A.
name: Eberl, T.
name: Fabbietti, L.
name: Fateev, O.
name: Finocchiaro, P.
name: Friese, J.
name: Fröhlich, I.
name: Galatyuk, T.
name: Garzón, J. A.
name: Gernhäuser, R.
name: Gilardi, C.
name: Golubeva, M.
name: González-Díaz, D.
name: Guber, F.
name: Gumberidze, M.
name: Hennino, T.
name: Holzmann, R.
name: Ierusalimov, A.
name: Iori, I.
name: Ivashkin, A.
name: Jurkovic, M.
name: Kämpfer, B.
name: Kanaki, K.
name: Karavicheva, T.
name: Koenig, I.
name: Koenig, W.
name: Kolb, B. W.
name: Kotte, R.
name: Kozuch, A.
name: Krizek, F.
name: Kühn, W.
name: Kugler, A.
name: Kurepin, A.
name: Lang, S.
name: Lapidus, K.
name: Liu, T.
name: Maier, L.
name: Markert, J.
name: Metag, V.
name: Michalska, B.
name: Morinière, E.
name: Mousa, J.
name: Münch, M.
name: Müntz, C.
name: Naumann, L.
name: Otwinowski, J.
name: Pachmayer, Y. C.
name: Pechenov, V.
name: Pechenova, O.
name: Cavalcanti, T. Pérez
name: Pietraszko, J.
name: Pospísil, V.
name: Przygoda, W.
name: Ramstein, B.
name: Reshetin, A.
name: Roy-Stephan, M.
name: Rustamov, A.
name: Sadovsky, A.
name: Sailer, B.
name: Salabura, P.
name: Sánchez, M.
name: Schmah, A.
name: Schwab, E.
name: Sobolev, Yu. G.
name: Spataro, S.
name: Spruck, B.
name: Ströbele, H.
name: Stroth, J.
name: Sturm, C.
name: Tarantola, A.
name: Teilab, K.
name: Tlusty, P.
name: Toia, A.
name: Traxler, M.
name: Trebacz, R.
name: Tsertos, H.
name: Wagner, V.
name: Wisniowski, M.
name: Wojcik, T.
name: Wüstenfeld, J.
name: Yurevich, S.
name: Zanevsky, Y.
name: Zumbruch, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of exclusive π^{+,0} and η production in pp reactions at 1.25 GeV and 2.2 GeV beam kinetic energy in hadron and dielectron channels. In the case of π^+ and π^0, high-statistics invariant-mass and angular distributions are obtained within the HADES acceptance as well as acceptance corrected distributions, which are compared to a resonance model. The sensitivity of the data to the yield and production angular distribution of Δ(1232) and higher lying baryon resonances is shown, and an improved parameterization is proposed. The extracted cross sections are of special interest in the case of pp \to pp η, since controversial data exist at 2.0 GeV; we find σ=0.142 \pm 0.022 mb. Using the dielectron channels, the π^0 and η Dalitz decay signals are reconstructed with yields fully consistent with the hadronic channels. The electron invariant masses and acceptance corrected helicity angle distributions are found in good agreement with model predictions.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures, to be published in EPJA
Contemporary issues in the US financial services industry
Creators: name: Luu, Hiep Ngoc
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: HG181.L8
subject: Financial services industry--United States
subject: Banks and banking--United States

description: This thesis comprises three empirical studies, which investigate selected contemporary issues in the US financial services industry. The first study, entitled “Organizational Culture, Competition and Bank Loan Loss Provisioning” examines the extent to which organizational culture affects bank loan loss provisioning practices following changes to the competitive environment. I use a textual analysis approach in conjunction with the so-called Competing Values Framework in order to measure various types of organizational culture (including control, collaborate, compete and create cultures). The results of a difference-in-difference analyses suggest that banks with a control culture exercise less discretion over loan loss provisions. Compete and create banks use more discretionary loan loss provisions when industry competition increases. These results provide novel cultural-based evidence to explain why banks behave differently following changes to the competitive environment. As such, this chapter contributes to the literature on: bank loan loss provisioning practices, bank competition, and organizational culture. The second study, entitled “Does shareholder discipline benefit banking stability? Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment”, investigates the impact of shareholder litigation rights on bank stability. As a quasi-natural experiment, I exploit the staggered adoption of the Universal Demand laws (which weakened the litigation rights of bank shareholders in listed banks) across numerous US states. The results of a difference-in-differences analysis suggest that weakened shareholder litigation rights enhance bank stability. Overall, this finding provides novel evidence that shareholder litigation rights may not be an effective corporate governance mechanism in constraining bank risk. In the third study entitled “Strategic Relatedness and Mergers and Acquisitions Outcomes: Empirical Evidence from US Credit Unions”, I use the US credit union industry as a laboratory to examine the impact of strategic relatedness on deal initiations and merger and acquisition (M&As) outcomes. The results of an extensive empirical analysis suggest that if two credit unions are strategically related, they are more likely to merge. However, these types of merger destroy value.
title: Succession of Bacteria and Archaea Within the Soil Micro‐Food Web Shifts Soil Respiration Dynamics
Creators: name: Tamang, Mandip
name: Sikorski, Johannes
name: Van Bommel, Miriam
name: Piecha, Marc
name: Urich, Tim
name: Ruess, Liliane
name: Huber, Katharina
name: Neumann‐Schaal, Meina
name: Pester, Michael
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: grazing
subject: microbial community
subject: nematode
subject: respiration
subject: soil
subject: trophic interactions
subject: 570 Biologie

description: Bacterivorous nematodes are important grazers in the soil micro‐food web. Their trophic regulation shapes the composition and ecosystem services of the soil microbiome, but the underlying population dynamics of bacteria and archaea are poorly understood. We followed soil respiration and 221 dominant bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing variants (ASVs) in response to top‐down control by a common bacterivorous soil nematode, Acrobeloides buetschlii , bottom‐up control by maize litter amendment and their combination over 32 days. Maize litter amendment significantly increased soil respiration, while A. buetschlii addition caused an earlier peak in soil respiration. Underlying bacterial and archaeal population dynamics separated into five major response types, differentiating in their temporal abundance maxima and minima. In‐depth analysis of these population dynamics identified a broad imprint of A. buetschlii grazing on dominant bacterial ( Acidobacteriota, Bacteroidota, Gemmatimonadota, Pseudomonadota ) and archaeal ( Nitrososphaerota ) ASVs. Combined bottom‐up control by maize litter and top‐down control by A. buetschlii grazing caused a succession of soil microbiota, driven by population changes first in the Bacteroidota , then in the Pseudomonadota and finally in the Acidobacteriota and Nitrososphaerota . Our results are an essential step forward in understanding trophic modulation of soil microbiota and its feedback on soil respiration.
Providing technical parameters of resistive cables of the heating floor system with preservation of thermal resistance of insulation
Creators: name: Bezprozvannych, G. V.
name: Grynyshyna, M. V.
name: Kyessayev, O. G.
name: Grechko, O. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Introduction. The main purpose of resistive cables is to convert the current flowing through the cable into heat. The maximum operating temperature of the conductive core should not exceed 100 °C. Power output per cable per unit length (nominal specific electrical power per 1 m of heating cable at rated line voltage per 1m cable) is the main technical parameter of these cables. The heat released by the conductivity of the core current, taking into account the change in the resistivity of the core material from temperature, is directly proportional to the square of the linear voltage drop across the core, and inversely proportional to the linear resistance of the core. Typical heat dissipation in such cables does not exceed 10 W/m, provided the cable is placed in the air. Purpose. Determination of the specific power of the cable system when varying the thickness of the insulation and the protective polymer shell, provided the thermal stability of the insulation on the basis of thermal balance between the power released in the core and the power released into the environment from the surface of the resistive heating. Methodology. The calculation of the linear heat flux is performed in two steps: when changing the radius of insulation (thickness of insulation) and the constant thickness of the protective polymer shell; at constant thickness of insulation and change of radius of the protective polymer jacket. The highest values of linear heat flux at (70-90) W/m are achieved for the optimum design of a single-conductor resistive cable from a conductive core in the range of 0,4 mm to 1,6 mm when varying the thickness of the cross-linked polyethylene insulation and protective sheath based on polyvinyl chloride plastic. The specific power of heating resistive cables, provided the thermal stability of the crosslinked polyethylene insulation is determined based on the thermal balance between the power generated in the core and the power dissipated from the surface of the cable into the air. Practical value. The thickness of the insulation and the linear voltage of the heating resistive cable, depending on the material of the core, providing thermal stability of the insulation are substantiated. The methodology of substantiation of specific power, which corresponds to thermal stability of heating resistive cables on the basis of thermal balance, can be applied to both the floor heating system and other areas of application of heating cables.
title: Efficient racemization of the pharmaceutical compound Levetiracetam using solvent-free mechanochemistry
Creators: name: Lopes, Chrystal
name: Casali, Lucia
name: Emmerling, Franziska
name: Leyssens, Tom
name: Dupray, Valérie
name: Brandel, Clement
name: Cartigny, Yohann
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: We present the racemization of an active pharmaceutical ingredient Levetiracetam using a novel approach. We demonstrate the design of a 100% solvent-free process that proceeds by high energy milling inside a regular mixer mill. The kinetics of the racemization process is drastically improved compared to the solution-based approach and illustrates the tremendous potential of mechanochemistry. In this study, we highlight the importance of mixing efficiency regarding data reproducibility, and we show, in particular, that water contamination has a negative impact on the reaction rate. Moreover, in situ X-ray diffraction gives us first insights into the mechanisms involved in the solid state during the mechanochemical racemization process.
title: Exploring gender dynamics in climate-smart agriculture adoption: a study in semi-arid Dodoma, Tanzania
Creators: name: Awoke, Mahlet Degefu
name: Löhr, Katharina
name: Kimaro, Anthony A.
name: Lana, Marcos
name: Soh Wenda, Boris D.
name: Buabeng, Kwabena
name: Hafner, Johannes Michael
name: Sieber, Stefan
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: adoption
subject: climate change
subject: climate-smart agriculture
subject: gender
subject: Tanzania
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Introduction: Climate change threatens agricultural production, particularly in developing countries, where agriculture supports over 2.5 billion people. Women, who comprise 43% of the agricultural labor force, are particularly vulnerable due to gender inequalities, especially in African societies. While Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) offers potential benefits to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change, its benefits are not evenly distributed, with a notable gender gap in adoption. Methods: This study investigates how gender dynamics influence CSA adoption patterns in Tanzania’s semi-arid Dodoma regions, using a mixed-methods approach. The study included a survey of 380 households and focus group discussions with 75 participants. Results: The results reveal lower CSA adoption among female-headed households (51% non-adopters) compared to male-headed households (38% non-adopters). Probit and Poisson regression analyses identify several key determinants of adoption and adoption intensity, including marital status, livestock ownership, land access, and the availability of extension services. Female-headed households face unique barriers, such as smaller landholdings, labor constraints, and limited access to credit, training, and group membership. The study also highlights the absence of female extension workers in villages. Discussion: The findings emphasize the need for targeted policy interventions to address these challenges and promote more equitable CSA adoption. These include implementing land reforms to ensure equitable land access for women, designing inclusive training programs that accommodate women’s time constraints, and increasing the representation of female extension workers to enhance CSA knowledge dissemination among female farmers. Additionally, improving access to credit facilities for female farmers, strengthening social networks through farmer groups, and improving transport infrastructure to reduce logistical barriers are crucial to further supporting CSA adoption. These targeted interventions are essential for overcoming gender-specific barriers, ensuring that CSA benefits are more equitably distributed, and ultimately supporting sustainable agricultural development.
Pole expansion of self-energy and interaction effect on topological insulators
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Jiang, Hua
name: Dai, Xi
name: Xie, X. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study effect of interactions on time-reversal-invariant topological insulators. Their topological indices are expressed by interacting Green's functions. Under the local self-energy approximation, we connect topological index and surface states of an interacting system to an auxiliary noninteracting system, whose Hamiltonian is related to the pole-expansions of the local self-energy. This finding greatly simplifies the calculation of interacting topological indices and gives an noninteracting pictorial description of interaction driven topological phase transitions. Our results also bridge studies of the correlated topological insulating materials with the practical dynamical-mean-field-theory calculations.
description: 4.2 pages, 3 figures, reference added, typos corrected
title: Combining biotelemetry and genetics provides complementary insights relevant to the management and conservation of a freshwater predator (Esox lucius) living in brackish lagoons
Creators: name: Lukyanova, Olga
name: Dhellemmes, Félicie
name: Dennenmoser, Stefan
name: Nolte, Arne W.
name: Arlinghaus, Robert
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Population connectivity
subject: Ecological connectivity
subject: Genetic connectivity
subject: Metapopulation
subject: Telemetry
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: To inform the management of wild fish populations, it is equally important to understand both the ecological connectivity of habitat patches, apparent at annual and seasonal scales, and the genetic connectivity, emerging at evolutionary scales across generations. Ecological connectivity indicates the potential for rapid recolonization upon local depletion, while genetic connectivity informs about the conservation needs related to the evolution of subpopulations and ecotypes in metapopulations. We combined acoustic biotelemetry and pooled-genome sequencing to study a northern pike ( Esox lucius ) population as a model of a freshwater piscivore that inhabits a network of shallow brackish lagoons in the southern Baltic Sea. We found limited ecological connectivity among genetically similar subpopulations of pike, suggesting a metapopulation structure characterized by discrete local subpopulations with infrequent migrations between them. Connectivity of different lagoons increased during spawning, suggesting directed spawning migrations to either freshwater rivers or low salinity patches in connected lake-like bays. Spawning site fidelity to either brackish or freshwater spawning sites was observed, further contributing to the reproductive isolation of certain subpopulations. The genetic population structure aligned with salinity gradients and geographical distance and was significant between pairs of rivers draining into the lagoon network, but it was unrelated to ecological connectivity. The results collectively suggest that local subpopulations may not rapidly replenish upon local depletion and that even weak connectivity among subpopulations was sufficient to maintain genetic homogeneity across lagoons with similar salinity levels. Effective management and conservation of species forming metapopulations, such as the coastal northern pike studied here, necessitate localized approaches that adapt fishing mortality to local abundance and promote access to specific habitats, especially rivers, during spawning to conserve the entire genetic biodiversity and foster resilience of the metapopulation.
Fourth level MSSM inflation from new flat directions
Creators: name: Choudhury, Sayantan
name: Pal, Supratik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of inflation driven by minimal extension of SUSY, commonly known as MSSM. Starting from gauge invariant flat directions in the n = 4 level comprising of QQQL,QuQd,QuLe and uude, we construct the inflaton potential and employ it to investigate for its consequences around the saddle point arising from the non-vanishing fourth derivative of the original potential. To this end, we derive the expressions for the important parameters in MSSM inflation using the loop corrected potential. We further estimate the observable parameters and find them to fit well with recent observational data from WMAP7 by using the code CAMB. We also explore the possibility of primordial black hole formation from our model. Finally, we analyze one loop RGE and compute different phenomenological parameters which could be precisely determined in LHC or future Linear Colliders.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures, Final version, Accepted for publication in JCAP
null intelligent multi-floor mobile robot transportation system in life science laboratories
Creators: name: Abdulla, Ali Abduljalil
Publisher: name: University Rostock
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 000 Generalities, Science
subject: 620 Engineering & allied operations

description: In this dissertation, a new intelligent multi-floor transportation system based on mobile robot is presented to connect the distributed laboratories in multi-floor environment. In the system, new indoor mapping and localization are presented, hybrid path planning is proposed, and an automated doors management system is presented. In addition, a hybrid strategy with innovative floor estimation to handle the elevator operations is implemented. Finally the presented system controls the working processes of the related sub-system. The experiments prove the efficiency of the presented system.
title: Anchovy recruitment with a bio-physical model in the Peru current system
Creators: name: Brochier, Timothée
name: Échevin, Vincent
name: Tam, Jorge
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session L
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Small pelagic fish reproduction success is known to be dependent on environmental conditions, and is very variable in unstable areas such as upwelling current systems. Here we present an individual-based model of anchovy first stage of life, with recruitment criterion based on environmental factors provided by a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of the Humboldt Current System (HCS). We tested different recruitment criterion based on retention rate in (i) the continental shelf, (ii) the plankton-rich area supplied by a satellite chlorophyll a climatology, or (iii) the plankton-rich area supplied by ROMS-PISCES. To test the realism of the recruitment criterion, we used field observations of spawning distributions in Peru (northern HCS) to force the IBM spawning patterns, and then compare the predicted reproduction success with the corresponding field observations of recruitment. We then apply this model in the frame of climate change using future scenarios such as hydrodynamical forcing, based on a downscaling of the IPSL-CM4 large-scale ocean circulation corresponding to the two contrasted climate scenarios, the so-called preindustrial and quadrupling CO2. The adult spawning pattern in this new environment is then determined via an iterative (multigeneration) process by natural selection on the early life stage.
title: Combinatorial refinement on circulant graphs
Creators: name: Kluge, Laurence
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm
subject: Color refinement
subject: Circulant graphs
subject: Cayley graphs
subject: Schur modules
subject: 004 Informatik

description: The combinatorial refinement techniques have proven to be an efficient approach to isomorphism testing for particular classes of graphs. If the number of refinement rounds is small, this puts the corresponding isomorphism problem in a low-complexity class. We investigate the round complexity of the two-dimensional Weisfeiler--Leman algorithm on circulant graphs, i.e., on Cayley graphs of the cyclic group Zn, and prove that the number of rounds until stabilization is bounded by O(d(n)logn), where d(n)is the number of divisors of n. As a particular consequence, isomorphism can be tested in NC for connected circulant graphs of order pℓwith p an odd prime, ℓ>3and vertex degree Δsmaller than p. We also show that the color refinement method (also known as the one-dimensional Weisfeiler--Leman algorithm) computes a canonical labeling for every non-trivial circulant graph with a prime number of vertices after individualization of two appropriately chosen vertices. Thus, the canonical labeling problem for this class of graphs has at most the same complexity as color refinement, which results in a time bound of O(Δnlogn). Moreover, this provides a first example where a sophisticated approach to isomorphism testing put forward by Tinhofer has a real practical meaning.
What Intervention Techniques Are Effective in Changing Positive Affective Variables and Physical Activity? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Cheng
name: Finne, Emily
name: Kopp, Alexandra
name: Jekauc, Darko
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: intervention
subject: technique
subject: positive affective variable
subject: physical activity
subject: moderator

description: A recent meta-analysis has demonstrated that positive affective variables (PAVs) partially mediate physical activity (PA) interventions. However, the effectiveness of each intervention technique on PAVs and PA is still unknown. Thus, this meta-analytic review included two primary objectives: (1) to summarize intervention effects on PA and PAVs; (2) to examine each behavior change technique's effectiveness in modifying PAVs and PA. Following PRISMA protocols, we had searched five electronic databases by April 1, 2020. The random-effect model in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Version 3 was adopted to perform these meta-analytic analyses. The search identified 1,742 articles, and 37 studies (49 datasets) met our inclusion criteria. Finally, inferential statistics yielded that: the utilization of “teach to use prompts/cues,” “facilitate social comparison,” and “provide information on consequences of behavior in general” had positive effects on PA or PAVs outcomes; the utilization of “barrier identification/problem solving” and “plan social support/social change” negatively affected on PA or PAVs outcomes. However, there was considerable heterogeneity in the findings. Nonetheless, this paper has considerable implications for guiding future comparative intervention studies to achieve more reliable outcomes.