cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vortices in a cylinder: Localization after depinning
Creators: name: Silvestrov, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Edge effects in the depinned phase of flux lines in hollow superconducting cylinder with columnar defects and electric current along the cylinder are investigated. Far from the ends of the cylinder vortices are distributed almost uniformly (delocalized). Nevertheless, near the edges these free vortices come closer together and form well resolved dense bunches. A semiclassical picture of this localization after depinning is described. For a large number of vortices their density $ρ(x)$ has square root singularity at the border of the bunch ($ρ(x)$ is semicircle in the simplest case). However, by tuning the strength of current, the various singular regimes for $ρ(x)$ may be reached. Remarkably, this singular behaviour reproduces the phase transitions discussed during the past decade within the random matrix regularization of 2d-Gravity.
description: 4 pages, REVTEX, 2 eps figures
Soil amendments improve vegetation establishment and evapotranspiration on store and release mine cover systems
Creators: name: Millar, C.
name: Barber, L.
name: Robeson, M.
name: Sump, D.
name: McDonnell, J. J.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Design and construction of mine cover systems in cold regions presents challenges due to harsh climates and limited material availability. Balancing soil moisture requirements for vegetation establishment while limiting water ingress into mine rock is particularly difficult. We evaluated a surface amendment from Profile Products LLC, which combines biotic soil technology with a flexible, erosion-resistant growth medium, when applied to a set of simulated mine cover systems built from low organic content clay-loam soil from a Canadian mine site. The study assessed the amendment's impact on vegetation establishment and ecohydrological functions, including infiltration, net percolation , and evapotranspiration (ET). Four covers were constructed at the Multi-Purpose Soil Testing (MOST) Facility, University of Saskatchewan: two with the amendment and two without, all seeded with native herbaceous vegetation from northern Ontario. Controlled experiments spanned three growing seasons, each lasting four months, simulating a humid-continental (Dfa/Dfb) climate with 365 mm of precipitation per season and temperatures between 17.5 and 25.9 °C. Results indicated that the amended covers achieved higher vegetation establishment rates, greater canopy coverage, and greater total aboveground biomass production compared to the controls. During the crucial first establishment season, canopy coverage on amended covers was 34 – 48% higher. Over three seasons, control cover canopy coverage did not attain levels observed on the amended covers. Total aboveground biomass production was 2,404 – 2,676 kg/Ha higher on the amended covers. Owing to higher vegetation density the amended covers had higher rates of ET (21 – 136 mm more / season), and accordingly, also had 11 – 13 % less percolation into the underlying mine rock. Results suggest that these soil amendments could be a useful way to rapidly stabilize slopes, improve ET rates, and limit percolation through improved growing conditions on mined land cover systems composed of poor-quality materials.
Black Holes as Fundamental Strings: Comparing the Absorption of Scalars
Creators: name: Emparan, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently proposed ``correspondence principle'' of Horowitz and Polchinski provides a concrete means to relate (among others) black holes with electric NS-NS charges to fundamental strings and correctly match their entropies. We test further this correspondence by examining the greybody factors in the absorption rates of neutral, minimally coupled scalars by a near extremal black hole. Perhaps surprisingly, the results disagree in general with the absorption by weakly coupled strings. Though this does not disprove the correspondence, it indicates that it might not be simple in this region of the black hole parameter space.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX. Few minor changes. Version to appear in PRD
Savage Mind to Savage Machine: Techniques and Disciplines of Creativity, c. 1880-1985
Creators: Nolan, Ginger
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Americans
subject: Comparative literature

description: This dissertation explores how the imagined semiotic mode of the unconscious, illiterate "savage" was instrumental to twentieth-century technologies of production in two respects: firstly, in the context of a global division of labor, as a way to disqualify certain groups' intellectual products from the category of intellectual property; and, secondly, in disciplines of aesthetic production, as an imaginary model on which to base new technologies of design and communication. In my dissertation, Savage Mind to Savage Machine: Techniques and Disciplines of Creativity (1870-1985), I argue that class inequalities under capitalism have been linked to the ongoing formulation of two distinct--albeit tacit--categories of epistemic subjectivity: one whose creative intellectual processes are believed to constitute personal property, and one whose creative intellectual processes--because these are deemed rote or unconscious--are not regarded as the property of those who wield them. This epistemic apartheid exists despite the fact that the unconscious psyche or, as I call it, the "Savage Mind," was, at the same time, repeatedly invoked by modernist designers in their efforts to formulate creative technologies, ones that tended increasingly towards digital modes of production. The history I examine in the dissertation reveals how modernist design has implicitly constituted itself as the process through which unconscious, magical creativity becomes consciously systematized and reified as technological, scientific forms of production. The dissertation is structured around four disciplinary paradigms of design, which collectively span the late nineteenth to late twentieth centuries--industrial design, architecture, environmental design, and media arts--and asks how and why each of these sub-disciplines invoked "savage thought" to develop new methods of creativity. While it is well-known that Europe's avant-gardes often imitated the visual forms of so-called primitive societies, there is scant scholarship accounting for how the alleged thought processes of an "originary" intelligence--gleaned from the theories of anthropologists, psychologists, and other social scientists--were translated into modernist design methods. Designers in fact hoped to discover in "primitive" and magical thought specific intellectual mechanisms for linking designed things to larger contexts of signification, a search that dovetailed with early endeavors in the field of Artificial Intelligence to devise computational languages and environments. The Savage Mind thus lies at the heart of new media technologies, even while intellectual property in those technologies remains the purview of a scientific elite.
Band- and k-dependent Self-Energy Effects in the Unoccupied and Occupied Quasiparticle Band Structure of Cu
Creators: name: Strocov, V. N.
name: Claessen, R.
name: Aryasetiawan, F.
name: Blaha, P.
name: Nilsson, P. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excited-state self-energy effects in the electronic structure of Cu, a prototype weakly correlated system containing states with different degrees of localization, are investigated with emphasis on the unoccupied states up to 40 eV above the Fermi level. The analysis employs the experimental quasiparticle states mapped under full control of the 3-dimensional wavevector k using very-low energy electron diffraction for the unoccupied states and photoemission for the occupied states. The self-energy corrections to the density-functional theory show a distinct band- and k-dependence. This is supported by quasiparticle GW calculations performed within the framework of linearized muffin-tin orbitals. Our results suggest however that the GW approximation may be less accurate in the localized d-bands of Cu with their short-range charge fluctuations. We identify a connection of the self-energy behavior with the spatial localization of the one-electron wavefunctions in the unit cell and with their behavior in the core region. Mechanisms of this connection are discussed based on the local-density picture and on the non-local exchange interaction with the valence states.
description: 8 pages, 6 Postscript figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. B; typos corrected
Processing Effects on the Formability of Magnesium Alloy Sheets
Creators: name: Bohlen, Jan
name: Cano, Guadalupe
name: Drozdenko, Daria
name: Dobron, Patrik
name: Kainer, Karl
name: Gall, Sven
name: Müller, Sören
name: Letzig, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: magnesium alloys
subject: rolling
subject: extrusion
subject: sheet
subject: forming limit curves
subject: Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD)

description: As a generalized semi-finished product, the use of magnesium sheets requires addressing two major aspects of their processing: their microstructure and texture control, which are both essential for the forming behavior of such sheets during their forming to parts. Further, the processing of such sheets is complex, and therefore expensive, and requires simplification. In this work, magnesium alloys AZ31, ZE10, and ME21 are investigated in the form of conventionally rolled sheets, as well as in the form of extruded sheets. Their microstructural and textural development are correlated to their mechanical and forming properties. During extrusion, strong textures develop that hinder stretch-forming operations, even in rare earth-containing alloys. Chemical composition and process parameters have a significant impact on the texture development, and enable the design of sheet materials with weak textures and potentially enhanced formability.
title: Реализация алгоритмов обработки форм в рамках динамических Интернет-сайтов с применением языка программирования РНР
title: Учебное пособие для СПО
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Богун В.В.
Publisher: name: Профобразование, Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2020

description: В учебном пособии рассмотрены различные алгоритмы обработки форм, представленных в рамках динамических Интернет-страниц, на основе применения языка программирования PHP и реляционной системы управления базами данных MySQL. Рассмотрены механизмы обработки информации с сохранением данных в текстовых файлах и таблицах баз данных с приведением скриншотов и исходных кодов программ для пользовательской и администраторской сторон. Приведены макеты динамических Интернет-страниц к решению необходимых задач. Подготовлено в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом среднего профессионального образования. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов, получающих образование по укрупненной группе специальностей 09.00.00 «Информатика и вычислительная техника», изучающих дисциплины «Информационные системы и программирование», «Web-технологии», «Web-дизайн».
title: Vermessung elektronischer Wellenfunktionen in Halbleitern: Von Quantenpunkten zu komplexeren Systemen
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Markus
Publisher: name: Cramer
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: 53

description: Mit Hilfe der Rastertunnelspektroskopie bei tiefen Temperaturen ist die lokale elektronische Zustandsdichte des III-V-Halbleiters InAs in verschiedenen Dimensionen vermessen worden. Dabei wurde neben der Dimension auch das externe Magnetfeld und die Unordnung als thermodynamische Parameter variiert. In nulldimensionalen Quantenpunkten konnten einzelne Wellenfunktionen abgebildet werden. In höherdimensionalen Systemen wurden stets mehrere Wellenfunktionen gleichzeitig abgebildet. Unterschiedliche Effekte wie Perkolation, schwache Lokalisierung, Driftzustände im Magnetfeld oder partielle Lokalisierung im extremen Quantenlimes konnten im Realraum dargestellt werden.
Does History Repeat Itself? Periodic Time Cosmology
Creators: name: Gould, Elizabeth
name: Afshordi, Niayesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that the cosmic history might repeat in cycles, with an infinite series of similar aeons in the past and the future. Here, we instead propose that the cosmic history repeats itself exactly, constructing a universe on a periodic temporal history, which we call Periodic Time Cosmology. In particular, the primordial power spectrum, convolved with the transfer function throughout the cosmic history, would form the next aeon's primordial power spectrum. By matching the big bang to the infinite future using a conformal rescaling (a la Penrose), we uniquely determine the primordial power spectrum, in terms of the transfer function up to two free parameters. While nearly scale invariant with a red tilt on large scales, using Planck and Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation observations, we find the minimal model is disfavoured compared to a power-law power spectrum at $5.1σ$. However, extensions of $Λ$CDM cosmic history change the large scale transfer function and can provide better relative fits to the data. For example, the best fit seven parameter model for our Periodic Time Cosmology, with $w=-1.024$ for dark energy equation of state, is only disfavoured relative to a power-law power spectrum (with the same number of parameters) at $1.8σ$ level. Therefore, consistency between cosmic history and initial conditions provides a viable description of cosmological observations in the context of Periodic Time Cosmology.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures; unfinished form appears in PhD thesis of Elizabeth Gould (Sept 2017, University of Waterloo), updated to be consistent with published version
Cylicomorpha parviflora Urb.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Caricaceae
Cylicomorpha
Cylicomorpha parviflora

description: Cylicomorpha parviflora Urb.  —
Habit: Tree.
Habitat: LMWF; up to 1 600 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
References: Fries (1923b), Hemsley (1958).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Geodesics in Open Universes
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
name: Levin, Janna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the geodesics on homogeneous and isotropic negatively curved spaces in a simple form suitable for application to cosmological problems. We discuss how the patterns in the microwave sky of anisotropic homogeneous universes can be predicted qualitatively by looking at the invariances that generate their three-geometries.
description: 5 pages LaTeX
title: Сетевые технологии. Обработка форм в рамках динамических Интернет-сайтов
title: Учебное пособие для бакалавров
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Богун В.В.
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2020

description: В предлагаемом учебном пособии рассмотрена реализация различных алгоритмов обработки форм, представленных в рамках динамических Интернет-страниц, на основе применения объектно-ориентированного скриптового языка программирования PHP и реляционной системы управления базами данных MySQL. Рассмотрены механизмы обработки информации с сохранением данных в текстовых файлах и таблицах баз данных с приведением скриншотов и исходных кодов программ для пользовательской и администраторской сторон. Для реализации самостоятельной деятельности студентов (в рамках практических или лабораторных занятий, а также при организации внеуадиторной научно-исследовательской деятельности) приведены макеты динамических Интернет-страниц к решению необходимых задач. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по направлениям подготовки 01.03.02 «Прикладная математика и информатика», 02.03.03 «Математическое администрирование информационных систем», изучающих дисциплину «Сетевые технологии». Будет также полезно при изучении дисциплин «Информатика», «Информационные технологии», «Алгоритмизация и программирование». Может использоваться преподавателями и студентами различных направлений бакалавриата, изучающими применение информационных технологий в профессиональной деятельности с точки зрения обработки форм в рамках динамических Интернет-сайтов.
Advanced Concepts for ISRU-Based Additive Manufacturing of Planetary Habitats
Creators: name: Rich, Bee
name: Läkk, Hanna
name: Arnhof, Marlies
name: Cheibas, Ina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Space Science
subject: 90103 Aerospace Structures
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90199 Aerospace Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: ECSSMET 2021 conference paper of novel ideas studied in the field of space architecture and infrastructure by the Advanced Concepts Team (ACT) at the European Space Agency.
title: Mit Quanteneffekten zu neuen Halbleiterbauelementen
Creators: name: Weimann, Günter
Publisher: name: Cramer
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: 53

description: Halbleiterbauelemente haben unsere Welt verändert, ohne Transistor und Laserdiode wäre die schier unbegrenzte und fast kostenlose Speicherung, Verarbeitung und Übertragung von Daten – und Information – undenkbar. Der Fortschritt in der Mikroelektronik lag für Jahrzehnte in der Skalierung: Immer kleinere Strukturen führten zu immer höheren Integrationsgraden, eröffneten aber auch neue Bauelementfunktionen. Heutige Strukturierungsverfahren, wie z.B. die Molekularstrahlepitaxie eignen sich für die Herstellung von Heterostrukturen – das sind Schichtfolgen aus unterschiedlichen Halbleitern – in Nanometerdimensionen, und damit in der Größenordnung der Materialwellenlänge der Elektronen. Die dabei auftretenden Quanteneffekte führen zu verbesserten Bauelementeigenschaften, so beim Elektronentransport in modulationsdotierten Feldeffekttransistoren oder bei den niedrigen Schwellenströmen von Quantenfilm- und Quantenpunktlasern. Während "konventionelle" Halbleiterlaser und -detektoren mit Übergängen zwischen Leitungs- und Valenzband, also Interband-Übergängen arbeiten, sind die hier vorgestellten Bauelemente unipolar mit Übergängen zwischen Subbändern im Leitungsband. Sie eröffnen weite Spektralbereiche im Infraroten.
Finite time blow up for a Navier-Stokes like equation
Creators: name: Montgomery-Smith, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q30 46E35 (Primary); 34G20, 37L05, 47D06, 47H10 (Secondary)

description: We consider an equation similar to the Navier-Stokes equation. We show that there is initial data that exists in every Triebel-Lizorkin or Besov space (and hence in every Lebesgue and Sobolev space), such that after a finite time, the solution is in no Triebel-Lizorkin or Besov space (and hence in no Lebesgue or Sobolev space). The purpose is to show the limitations of the so called semigroup method for the Navier-Stokes equation. We also consider the possibility of existence of solutions with initial data in the Besov space $\dot B^{-1,\infty}_\infty$. We give initial data in this space for which there is no reasonable solution for the Navier-Stokes like equation.
description: Also available at http://www.math.missouri.edu/~stephen/preprints/
Euphorbia schimperiana var. schimperiana Scheele var. schimperiana
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbia
Euphorbia schimperiana
Euphorbia schimperiana scheele var. schimperiana

description: Euphorbia schimperiana Scheele var. schimperiana  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF, HZ; up to 3 400 m. Distribution: I.
 Voucher: Ragati Forest Station, 16 Aug. 1981, Ekkens 066 (EA).
References: Carter & Smith (1988), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Measuring geometric phases with a dynamical quantum Zeno effect in a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Do, H. V.
name: Gessner, M.
name: Cataliotti, F. S.
name: Smerzi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A closed-trajectory evolution of a quantum state generally imprints a phase that contains both dynamical and geometrical contributions. While dynamical phases depend on the reference system, geometric phase factors are uniquely defined by the properties of the outlined trajectory. Here, we generate and measure geometric phases in a Bose-Einstein condensate of $^{87}$Rb using a combination of dynamical quantum Zeno effect and measurement-free evolution. We show that the dynamical quantum Zeno effect can inhibit the formation of a geometric phase without altering the dynamical phase. This can be used to extract the geometric Aharonov-Anandan phase from any closed-trajectory evolution without requiring knowledge or control of the Hamiltonian.
description: 4+3 pages, 4+3 figures
Aspects of the Second Law of Thermodynamics from Quantum Statistical Mechanics to Quantum Information Theory
Creators: name: Rajagopal, A. K.
name: Rendell, R. W.
name: Abe, Sumiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kullback-Leibler inequality is a way of comparing any two density matrices. A technique to set up the density matrix for a physical system is to use the maximum entropy principle, given the entropy as a functional of the density matrix, subject to known constraints. In conjunction with the master equation for the density matrix, these two ingredients allow us to formulate the second law of thermodynamics in its widest possible setting. Thus problems arising in both quantum statistical mechanics and quantum information can be handled. Aspects of thermodynamic concepts such as the Carnot cycle will be discussed. A model is examined to elucidate the role of entanglement in the Landauer erasure problem.
description: 6 pages
Test Cases for Capacity Expansion Planning with Unit Commitment
Creators: name: Semini Wijekoon
name: Liebman, Ariel
name: Dunstall, Simon
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90607 Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Renewable Power)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: In this paper, six test cases; 6 bus, 6 bus ww, 14 bus, 15 bus, 21 bus and 24 bus were updated for capacity expansion planning problems with unit commitment. The test cases were collected from multiple sources and the obtained data was considered as the existing system. Existing thermal units were updated for unit commitment formulation and candidate thermal units, renewable units, battery storage units and transmission lines were added for the planning problem.
Sato-Tate Problem for GL(3)
Creators: Zhou, Fan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Based upon the work of Goldfeld and Kontorovich on the Kuznetsov trace formula of Maass forms for SL(3,Z), we prove a weighted vertical equidistribution theorem (with respect to the generalized Sato-Tate measure) for the p-th Hecke eigenvalue of Maass forms, with the rate of convergence. With a conjectured orthogonality relation between the Fourier coefficients of Maass forms for SL(N,Z) for N≥4, we generalize the above equidistribution theorem to N≥4.
Applying mine engineering practice into reclamation of mine rock spoils
Creators: name: Mitchell, Jill
name: Formanski, D. J.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Mine engineering principles facilitate efficient and safe material movement from mine design and technical support to mine operations. These principles, when implemented in mine reclamation programs, add value especially where large volumes of material are moved. Incorporating reclamation goals up front in mine design can improve the outcome of reclamation programs by identifying efficiencies. Utilizing mine engineering expertise as technical support during reclamation operations supports continued optimization. The purpose of this paper is to describe methods in which mine engineering practice benefits landforming of mine rock spoils (MRSs). These methods both incorporate the knowledge of mine reclamation experts and utilize mine engineering experience. Results are realized prior to construction of MRSs, while planning reclamation and during reclamation of MRSs. Mine engineering principles enable the efficiency and optimization necessary to accelerate mine reclamation and support sustainable resource development.
Saving Money or Saving Energy? Decision Architecture and Decision Modes to Encourage Energy Saving Behaviors
Creators: Forster, Hale A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Energy conservation
subject: Energy consumption
subject: Consumers--Attitudes--Research
subject: Climatic changes--Social aspects

description: Reducing energy use is a critical near-term strategy to mitigate climate change. Energy savings behaviors provide multiple benefits to the consumer and to society in addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions: financial savings from lower energy bills, improved home comfort, fossil fuel resource conservation, energy independence, and improved local and indoor air quality, among others. Yet many policies to encourage reductions in energy use continue to focus on motivating behavior change with financial benefits, and little behavioral research has explored how these multiple benefits influence energy use decisions. Given the continued need for decreased energy use, more research is needed on how to leverage both financial and nonfinancial motivations to encourage energy saving behaviors. This dissertation consists of three separate papers, each addressing different elements of how individuals integrate financial and nonfinancial benefits to make energy use decisions. It presents the results of eight online and field studies conducted with over 395,000 U.S. residents. Chapters 1 and 2 focus on the decision architecture of the presentation of multiple benefits. Chapter 1 develops an inconspicuous change in savings metric to gently nudge individuals to consider energy use in addition to financial savings. It shows that presenting energy savings as a percentage of end-use energy increases behavioral adoption compared to a standard presentation of dollars saved. Chapter 2 explicitly presents environmental benefits in different ways, examining whether message effectiveness differs according to participants’ political ideologies. It shows that presenting environmental benefits in addition to financial benefits can increase interest in a large energy efficiency investment. Furthermore, while environmental benefits framed as climate change are motivating only for liberals, environmental benefits framed as stewardship and energy independence are motivating for both liberals and conservatives. Chapter 3 develops a measurement scale for a potential mechanism explaining why environmental and financial benefit frames lead to different decision outcomes: decision modes, or the qualitatively different ways that people make decisions. It defines six decision modes: calculation, affect, social norms, identity, habitual, and moral. These papers contribute to the behavioral science literature, expanding our understanding of the ways that decision makers incorporate the financial and environmental benefits of energy saving behaviors when making energy savings choices. These papers also provide actionable insights for policy makers to decrease energy consumption by improving the presentation of energy saving decisions.
The realizability of some finite-length modules over the Steenrod algebra by spaces
Creators: name: Baker, Andrew
name: Bauer, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P42 (Primary), 55S10, 55S20 (Secondary)

description: The Joker is an important finite cyclic module over the mod-$2$ Steenrod algebra $\mathcal A$. We show that the Joker, its first two iterated Steenrod doubles, and their linear duals are realizable by spaces of as low a dimension as the instability condition of modules over the Steenrod algebra permits. This continues and concludes prior work by the first author and yields a complete characterization of which versions of Jokers are realizable by spaces or spectra and which are not. The constructions involve sporadic phenomena in homotopy theory ($2$-compact groups, topological modular forms) and may be of independent interest.
description: 11 pages, to appear in Algebraic and Geometric Topology
Turraea robusta Gurke
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Meliaceae
Turraea
Turraea robusta

description: Turraea robusta Gürke  —
Habit: Small tree.
Habitat: LMWF; up to 1 900 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Near Lake Nkunga, Alt. 1 861 m, 8 Aug. 2015, SAJIT 003813 (HIB).
Reference: N/A.
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Saving Our Sons: An Examination of a Single-Gender  Elementary School for Black Males in  New York City
Creators: Robinson III, M. Louis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Educational leadership
Single-sex schools
African American boys--Social conditions
African American boys--Education

description: This qualitative single-case study was conducted to ascertain the effective factors necessary to successfully launch a single-gender elementary school for Black males in an urban setting. This analysis examines effective pedagogical practices and successful elementary-aged models that address the social emotional and academic needs of Black males within New York City. Two research questions guided the framework of this study: (a) in single-gender elementary schools for Black males, what factors contribute to their academic and social-emotional growth and development? and (b) In what ways do school design, context, and leadership practice inform the academic and social-emotional growth and development of students of single-gender schools for Black males? Qualitative research methodology was used for this study. Data collection through field observations and elite individual interviews included the participation of key stakeholders including administrators and educators. The findings, data analysis, and evaluation of the site visit served as a blueprint to highlight the components necessary to accelerate the achievement of Black males.
Advanced Concepts for ISRU-Based Additive Manufacturing of Planetary Habitats
Creators: name: Cheibas, Ina
name: Läkk, Hanna
name: Rich, Bee
name: Arnhof, Marlies
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Space Science
subject: 90103 Aerospace Structures
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90199 Aerospace Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: ECSSMET 2021 conference paper of novel ideas studied in the field of space architecture and infrastructure by the Advanced Concepts Team (ACT) at the European Space Agency.
Coherent and incoherent chaotic tunneling near singlet-doublet crossings
Creators: name: Kohler, Sigmund
name: Utermann, Ralf
name: Hanggi, Peter
name: Dittrich, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the spectrum of systems showing chaos-assisted tunneling, three-state crossings are formed when a chaotic singlet intersects a tunnel doublet. We study the dissipative quantum dynamics in the vicinity of such crossings. A harmonically driven double well coupled to a bath serves as a model. Markov and rotating-wave approximations are introduced with respect to the Floquet spectrum of the time-dependent central system. The resulting master equation is integrated numerically. We find various types of transient tunneling, determined by the relation of the level width to the inherent energy scales of the crossing. The decay of coherent tunneling can be significantly retarded or accelerated. Modifications of the quantum asymptotic state by the crossing are also studied. The comparison with a simple three-state model shows that in contrast to the undamped case, the participation of states outside the crossing cannot be neglected in the presence of dissipation.
description: 23 pages LaTeX, including 22 figures; corrected typos, minor changes
Savings Groups: Integrative Services Spark Women’s Social Empowerment
Creators: Lawson, Kayla M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Women--Social conditions
subject: Microfinance
subject: Women--Economic conditions
subject: Human rights
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Women's studies
subject: Economics

description: Using the case studies of IRC’s EA$E program in Burundi, IRC’s adapted program in Côte d’Ivoire, Wellness and Agriculture for Life Advancement Program (WALA) in Malawi, and Intervention with Microfinance for AIDS and Gender Equity (IMAGE) in South Africa, this thesis sought to answer the questions: what are some of the program features that influence the success of savings groups in socially empowering women? Might such social empowerment pave the way for shifting gender norms? This thesis argues that savings groups programs designed with integrative services, which include men, are context-specific, and need-tailored, have great potential to socially empower women and transform gender norms into those that promote equality. By analyzing each program design, this thesis shows that joined together, these specific program features can transcend country and program differences and impact the effectiveness and success of savings groups socially empowering women and shifting gender norms. Women reported increased empowerment, which included reductions in economic abuse and intimate partner violence, and an increase in household decision-making, and social capital. Adopting this set of program features in savings group program design may prove to be critical in effectively socially empowering women.
Additional file 1 of Valorization of Gelidium amansii for dual production of D-galactonic acid and 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid by chemo-biological approach
Creators: name: Liu, Peng
name: Xie, Jiaxiao
name: Tan, Huanghong
name: Zhou, Feng
name: Zou, Lihua
name: Ouyang, Jia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Screening of five different Pseudomonas sp. strains for oxidation of D-galactose and HMF. Table S2. Comparison of D-galactonic acid and HMFCA biosynthesis from different substrates. Table S3. Plasmids and oligonucleotide primers for gcd disruption.
Caylusea abyssinica Fisch. & C. A. Mey.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Resedaceae
Caylusea
Caylusea abyssinica

description: Caylusea abyssinica (Fresen.) Fisch. & C.A.Mey.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 3 000 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Upper Imenti Forest, Alt. 2 234 m, 7 Aug. 2015, SAJIT 003196 (HIB).
References: Fries & Fries (1924), Bussmann (1994), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Scalable Emulation of Heterogeneous Systems
Creators: Garcia Cota, Emilio
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Computer science
Emulators (Computer programs)
Computer architecture

description: The breakdown of Dennard's transistor scaling has driven computing systems toward application-specific accelerators, which can provide orders-of-magnitude improvements in performance and energy efficiency over general-purpose processors. To enable the radical departures from conventional approaches that heterogeneous systems entail, research infrastructure must be able to model processors, memory and accelerators, as well as system-level changes---such as operating system or instruction set architecture (ISA) innovations---that might be needed to realize the accelerators' potential. Unfortunately, existing simulation tools that can support such system-level research are limited by the lack of fast, scalable machine emulators to drive execution. To fill this need, in this dissertation we first present a novel machine emulator design based on dynamic binary translation that makes the following improvements over the state of the art: it scales on multicore hosts while remaining memory efficient, correctly handles cross-ISA differences in atomic instruction semantics, leverages the host floating point (FP) unit to speed up FP emulation without sacrificing correctness, and can be efficiently instrumented to---among other possible uses---drive the execution of a full-system, cross-ISA simulator with support for accelerators. We then demonstrate the utility of machine emulation for studying heterogeneous systems by leveraging it to make two additional contributions. First, we quantify the trade-offs in different coupling models for on-chip accelerators. Second, we present a technique to reuse the private memories of on-chip accelerators when they are otherwise inactive to expand the system's last-level cache, thereby reducing the opportunity cost of the accelerators' integration.
Scalable Community Detection in Massive Networks using Aggregated Relational Data
Creators: Jones, Timothy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: System analysis
subject: Relational databases

description: The analysis of networks is used in many fields of study including statistics, social science, computer sciences, physics, and biology. The interest in networks is diverse as it usually depends on the field of study. For instance, social scientists are interested in interpreting how edges arise, while biologists seek to understand underlying biological processes. Among the problems being explored in network analysis, community detection stands out as being one of the most important. Community detection seeks to find groups of nodes with a large concentration of links within but few between. Inferring groups are important in many applications as they are used for further downstream analysis. For example, identifying clusters of consumers with similar purchasing behavior in a customer and product network can be used to create better recommendation systems. Finding a node with a high concentration of its edges to other nodes in the community may give insight into how the community formed. Many statistical models for networks implicitly define the notion of a community. Statistical inference aims to fit a model that posits how vertices are connected to each other. One of the most common models for community detection is the stochastic block model (SBM) [Holland et al., 1983]. Although simple, it is a highly expressive family of random graphs. However, it does have its drawbacks. First, it does not capture the degree distribution of real-world networks. Second, it allows nodes to only belong to one community. In many applications, it is useful to consider overlapping communities. The Mixed Membership Stochastic Blockmodel (MMSB) is a Bayesian extension of the SBM that allows nodes to belong to multiple communities. Fitting large Bayesian network models quickly become computationally infeasible when the number of nodes grows into the hundred of thousands and millions. In particular, the number of parameters in the MMSB grows as the number of nodes squared. This thesis introduces an efficient method for fitting a Bayesian model to massive networks through use of aggregated relational data. Our inference method converges faster than existing methods by leveraging nodal information that often accompany real world networks. Conditioning on this extra information leads to a model that admits a parallel variational inference algorithm. We apply our method to a citation network with over three million nodes and 25 million edges. Our method converges faster than existing posterior inference algorithms for the MMSB and recovers parameters better on simulated networks generated according to the MMSB.
Homogeneous hyper-Hermitian metrics which are conformally hyper-Kähler
Creators: name: Barberis, Maria Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C15, 53C25, 53C30

description: Let $g$ be a hyper-Hermitian metric on a simply connected hypercomplex four-manifold $M$. We show that when the isometry group $I(M,g)$ contains a subgroup acting simply transitively on $M$ by hypercomplex isometries then the metric $g$ is conformal to a hyper-Kähler metric. We describe explicitely the corresponding hyper-Kähler metrics and it follows that, in four dimensions, these are the only hyper-Kähler metrics containing a homogeneous metric in its conformal class.
description: 6 pages
Ritchiea albersii Gilg
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Capparaceae
Ritchiea
Ritchiea albersii

description: Ritchiea albersii Gilg  —
Habit: Shrub or small tree.
Habitat: LMWF; up to 2 500 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: South Mount Kenya, Alt. 1 798 m, 16 Nov. 1964, Agnew 5863 (EA, WAG).
References: Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a, 1998).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Consideration of climate change in water quality modelling to inform risk based remediation of the abandoned Atlin Ruffner Mine
Creators: name: Mott, Ali
name: Mills, Ryan
name: Sanborn, Mike
name: Whitehead-Delong, Lily
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Risk-based remediation of mine sites is informed by human health and ecological risk assessment (HHERA), with a regulatory requirement to confirm that site conditions, including receiving environment water quality, are understood now and in the future. Prediction of water quality is therefore of great importance for the purposes of evaluating regulatory compliance, remedial option development, HHERA, and risk management decision-making when site conditions have not yet stabilized, and water quality cannot be directly measured. However, water quality modelling is challenging due to uncertainty associated with seasonal variability in meteoric and climatic conditions. In the context of mine closure, the evolution of geochemical source terms over longer time scales adds complexity. Water balance and water quality models (WBWQM) range in complexity from simple spreadsheet models to complex dynamic deterministic or probabilistic models. Industry-standard software can be utilized for the dynamic modeling of complex systems to aid in robust decision-making and risk analysis by simulating stochastic and time-series inputs to capture current and future conditions and incorporate natural variability. A WBWQM was developed using GoldSim™ coupled with Hydrologic Engineering Center Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) to identify primary sources of contaminant loading, simulate receiving environment water quality, inform the HHERA, and help prioritize risk management actions at the abandoned Atlin Ruffner Mine. The model was calibrated to existing hydrologic conditions and used to simulate runoff for future conditions by developing and applying climate-factored meteoric inputs. Geochemical source terms were applied to the water balance and used to estimate contaminant loads and water quality. The results will inform the HHERA to ensure conclusions and recommendations are robust and reasonably protective of receptors under current and future conditions.