cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Purchasing tool ensuring the conformity of ISO 9001 and base automotive requirements along the supply chain with focus on tier 2 and tier 3 suppliers
Creators: name: Hanzličková, Daniela
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: ISO 9001:20
subject: automotive requirements
subject: external providers
subject: supply chain
subject: questionnaire

description: In the past two years the quality management standards, especially in the automotive industry, have overcome significant changes in order to capture the needs of the current business environment. Companies are now in the transition period and shall upgrade their quality management standards according new requirements. As the portfolio of suppliers plays crucial role in every company, with possible effects on the entire supply chain, it is necessary to prove and monitor the requirements at every level. Therefore, two main objectives of this Master’s Thesis have been appointed. At first, the base monitoring and evaluating criteria for suppliers had to be defined. In order to extend the new requirements of quality management standard, the relevant automotive standards and the customer specific requirements have been analyzed with the focus on the requirements on the control of externally provided processes, products and services. Secondly, based on the findings a questionnaire tool, that offers a complex purchasing tool for the companies, has been designed. This questionnaire has incorporated the demands on new suppliers, as well as already existing suppliers, enhanced by the latest requirements of the automotive industry in order to ensure the conformity along the supply chain. There was a survey of 25 companies, Tier 2 and Tier 3, carried out to provide a detailed information about the ability of companies to fulfill the defined criteria. The results brought by the survey have exposed the strongest areas that the companies are fulfilling on a high level as well as the weak areas. The weak areas need to be addresses by further cooperation through supplier development in order to minimize the risks along the supply chain. Few recommendations were formulated for the development of the companies in weak areas, to increase the fulfillment of the demands of the automotive industry.
The Nearest Star of spectral type O3: A Component of the Multiple System HD 150136
Creators: name: Niemela, V. S.
name: Gamen, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From radial velocities determined in high signal-to-noise digital spectra, we report the discovery that the brightest component of the binary system HD 150136 is of spectral type O3. We also present the first double-lined orbital solution for this binary. Our radial velocities confirm the previously published spectroscopic orbital period of 2.6 days. He II absorptions appear double at quadratures, but single lines of N V and N IV visible in our spectra define a radial velocity orbit of higher semi-amplitude for the primary component than do the He II lines. From our orbital analysis, we obtain minimum masses for the binary components of 27 and 18$\modot$. The neutral He absorptions apparently do not follow the orbital motion of any of the binary components, thus they most probably arise in a third star in the system.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Geographical accessibility in assessing bypassing behaviour for inpatient neonatal care, Bungoma County-Kenya
Creators: name: Ocholla, Ian A.
name: Agutu, Nathan O.
name: Ouma, Paul O.
name: Gatungu, Daniel
name: Felistas O. Makokha
name: Gitaka, Jesse
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Sample Questionnaire.
Constraints on Axion-like Particles from the Observation of GRB 221009A by LHAASO
Creators: name: Gao, Lin-Qing
name: Bi, Xiao-Jun
name: Li, Jun
name: Yao, Run-Min
name: Yin, Peng-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHAASO collaboration recently reported the measurement of the gamma-ray spectra of GRB 221009A, which is the brightest burst ever, covering an energy range from 0.3 $\mathrm{TeV}$ to about 10 $\mathrm{TeV}$. Based on the observation, we investigate the ALP-photon oscillation effect in the host galaxy of GRB 221009A and the Milky Way. The ${\rm CL_s}$ method is applied to set constraints on the ALP parameters in this study. Given the uncertain magnetic field configuration in the host galaxy, we use three different models: a homogeneous magnetic field model, a magnetic field model identical to that of the Milky Way, and a model constructed from the HST observations of the host galaxy. We find that the constraints derived using these three host galaxy magnetic field models are comparable. Our results are complementary in the small ALP mass regions compared with other experiments.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
A comprehensive model for the Monoceros tidal stream
Creators: name: Penarrubia, J.
name: Martinez-Delgado, D.
name: Rix, H. W.
name: Gomez-Flechoso, M. A
name: Munn, J.
name: Newberg, H.
name: Bell, E. F.
name: Yanny, B.
name: Zucker, D.
name: Grebel, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have compiled an extensive dataset on potential parts of the Monoceros tidal stream and performed an exhaustive survey of dwarf galaxy semi-analytic orbits in order to constrain its orbital properties. The best-fit orbits are subsequently realized as self-consistent N-body simulations in order to reproduce the spatial and velocity distribution of satellite debris. We find that all kinematic and geometric constraints can be fit by a single stream allowing for multiple wraps. The orbital eccentricity and inclination of the progenitor are strongly constrained to be e = 0.10 \pm 0.05 and i = 25 \pm 5 deg. Ten new estimates of proper motions from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) clearly exclude all retrograde orbits. Particles lost by the satellite populate two, nearly concentric rings naturally explaining the detection of stream stars at both 6--8 kpc (Ibata et al. 2003, Newberg et al. 2003) and 12--18 kpc (the Tri/And stream; Rocha-Pinto et al. 2003) from the Sun. We have attempted to predict the present location of the Monoceros stream progenitor using different information: (i) the kinematical and spatial distribution of detections and (ii) the different mean metallicity in the innner and the outer rings. A current location at l ~ 245, b ~ -18., with a distance to the Sun r_s~15 kpc, reproduces the available constraints. The mass of the progenitor has been poorly determined due to the slow orbital decay. Similar fits have been obtained for masses (3-9)10^8 M_sun. Additionally, we have analyzed to possible common origin of the Canis Major dwarf and the Monoceros stream, unfortunately, without a conclusive result.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures, submitted to ApJ
ZMIANY WIELKOŚCI I STRUKTURY FINANSOWEGO WSPARCIA ROLNICTWA – KRAJE ROZWIJAJĄCE SIĘ VS KRAJE ROZWINIĘTE
Creators: name: Bułkowska, Małgorzata
name: Bułkowska, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: support for agriculture
subject: foreign trade
subject: developed countries
subject: developing countries

description: The aim of the study is to present the directions of changes in support for the agricultural sector in conjunction with the global trade in agri-food products in developed and developing countries, and the consequences flowing from the EU agriculture. For the analysis was used OECD data covering 47 countries. Research related to years 1986 to 2012. The analysis shows that the developing countries are steadily increasing their level of support for agricultural producers, as well as increasingly use forms of aid distorting international trade. It can be concluded that in the near future, these countries may constitute a real threat to the position of developed countries in the international arena.
title: Against Great Civilizing Missions. Working on How to Save the World on a Small Stage?
Creators: name: Sztarbowski, Paweł
Publisher: name: Instytut Im. Jerzego Grotowskiego We Wrocławiu (Wydawca); Wydział Polonistyki UJ (Współwydawca)
Year: 2021

description: From a practice-as-research perspective, the author analyses his dramaturgical work on the performance How to Save the World on the Small Stage? directed by Paweł Łysak (Teatr Powszechny in Warsaw, 2018). This particular case is the starting point for complex research of methods and tools for ecological theatre. Una Chaudhuri’s idea of “Fifth Wall Dramaturgy” becomes the inspiration to exceed only human perspective and involve inhuman actors to the theatrical structure.

Keywords: ecology; globalisation; climate change; ecological theatre; Powszechny Theatre in Warsaw
Hyperfine structure in the HD molecule
Creators: name: Komasa, Jacek
name: Puchalski, Mariusz
name: Pachucki, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate interactions between the proton spin, the deuteron spin, and the orbital angular momentum in the electronic ground state of the HD molecule. These interactions lead to hyperfine splittings of molecular energy levels. Our numerical results for the first rotational level agree well with the currently most accurate measurement performed by Ramsey {\em et al.} in the 1950s. Knowledge of the hyperfine structure of other levels is necessary for the accurate determination of rovibrational transition energies in spectroscopic measurements. We present theoretical predictions and share the numerical code used to perform numerical calculations. This work sets the ground for high precision spectroscopic tests of hyperfine interactions in molecular systems. In particular we determine the value of the deuteron quadrupole moment $Q = 0.2856(2)$ fm$^2$ and give outlook for improving its accuracy by three orders of magnitude.
description: 9 pages, three figures, corrected notation
Light control of the diffusion coefficient of active fluids
Creators: name: Vourc'h, Thomas
name: Léopoldès, Julien
name: Peerhossaini, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active fluids refer to the fluids that contain self-propelled particles such as bacteria or micro-algae, whose properties differ fundamentally from the passive fluids. Such particles often exhibit an intermittent motion, with high-motility (run) periods broken by low-motility (tumble) periods. The average motion can be modified with external stresses, such as nutrient or light gradients, leading to a directed movement called chemotaxis and phototaxis, respectively. Using cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803, a model micro-organism to study photosynthesis, we track the bacterial response to light stimuli, under isotropic and non-isotropic (directed) conditions. In particular, we investigate how the intermittent motility is influenced by illumination. We find that just after a rise in light intensity, the probability to be in the run state increases. This feature vanishes after a typical characteristic time of about 1 hour, when initial probability is recovered. Our results are well described by a mathematical model based on the linear response theory. When the perturbation is anisotropic, we observe a collective motion toward the light source (phototaxis). We show that the bias emerges due to more frequent runs in the direction of the light, whereas the run durations are longer whatever the direction.
Close binary companions of the HAeBe stars LkHa 198, Elias 1, HK Ori and V380 Ori
Creators: name: Smith, K. W.
name: Balega, Y. Y.
name: Duschl, W. J.
name: Hofmann, K. -H.
name: Lachaume, R.
name: Preibisch, T.
name: Schertl, D.
name: Weigelt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present diffraction-limited bispectrum speckle interferometry observations of four well-known Herbig Ae/Be (HAeBe) stars, LkHa 198, Elias 1, HK Ori and V380 Ori. For two of these, LkHa 198 and Elias 1, we present the first unambiguous detection of close companions. The plane of the orbit of the new LkHa 198 companion appears to be significantly inclined to the plane of the circumprimary disk, as inferred from the orientation of the outflow. We show that the Elias 1 companion may be a convective star, and suggest that it could therefore be the true origin of the X-ray emission from this object. In the cases of HK Ori and V380 Ori, we present new measurements of the relative positions of already-known companions, indicating orbital motion. For HK Ori, photometric measurements of the brightness of the individual components in four bands allowed us to decompose the system spectral energy distribution (SED) into the two separate component SEDs. The primary exhibits a strong infrared excess which suggests the presence of circumstellar material, whereas the companion can be modelled as a naked photosphere. The infrared excess of HK Ori A was found to contribute around two thirds of the total emission from this component, suggesting that accretion power contributes significantly to the flux. Submillimetre constraints mean that the circumstellar disk cannot be particularly massive, whilst the near-infrared data indicates a high accretion rate. Either the disk lifetime is very short, or the disk must be seen in an outburst phase.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 22 separate figure files
Additional file 2 of Access to routinely collected health data for clinical trials – review of successful data requests to UK registries
Creators: name: Lensen, Sarah
name: Macnair, Archie
name: Love, Sharon B.
name: Yorke-Edwards, Victoria
name: Noor, Nurulamin M.
name: Martyn, Meredith
name: Blenkinsop, Alexandra
name: Diaz-Montana, Carlos
name: Powell, Graham
name: Williamson, Elizabeth
name: Carpenter, James
name: Sydes, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Linkage identifier combinations by frequency of use (detailed extraction 2017–2018).
Describing static correlation in bond dissociation by Kohn-Sham density functional theory
Creators: name: Fuchs, M.
name: Niquet, Y. -M.
name: Gonze, X.
name: Burke, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that density functional theory within the RPA (random phase approximation for the exchange-correlation energy) provides a correct description of bond dissociation in H$_2$ in a spin-restricted Kohn-Sham formalism, i.e. without artificial symmetry breaking. We present accurate adiabatic connection curves both at equilibrium and beyond the Coulson-Fisher point. The strong curvature at large bond length implies important static (left-right) correlation, justifying modern hybrid functional constructions but also demonstrating their limitations. Although exact at infinite and accurate around the equilibrium bond length, the RPA dissociation curve displays unphysical repulsion at larger but finite bond lengths. Going beyond the RPA by including the exact exchange kernel (RPA+X), we find a similar repulsion. We argue that this deficiency is due to the absence of double excitations in adiabatic linear response theory. Further analyzing the H$_2$ dissociation limit we show that the RPA+X is not size-consistent, in contrast to the RPA.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
The completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: geometry and growth from the anisotropic void-galaxy correlation function in the luminous red galaxy sample
Creators: name: Nadathur, Seshadri
name: Woodfinden, Alex
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Aubert, Marie
name: Bautista, Julian
name: Dawson, Kyle
name: Escoffier, Stéphanie
name: Fromenteau, Sebastien
name: Gil-Marín, Héctor
name: Rich, James
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Magaña, Mariana Vargas
name: Brownstein, Joel R.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the anisotropic redshift-space void-galaxy correlation in configuration space using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) Data Release 16 luminous red galaxy (LRG) sample. This sample consists of LRGs between redshifts 0.6 and 1.0, combined with the high redshift $z>0.6$ tail of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 12 CMASS sample. We use a reconstruction method to undo redshift-space distortion (RSD) effects from the galaxy field before applying a watershed void-finding algorithm to remove bias from the void selection. We then perform a joint fit to the multipole moments of the correlation function for the growth rate $fσ_8$ and the geometrical distance ratio $D_M/D_H$, finding $fσ_8(z_\mathrm{eff})=0.356\pm0.079$ and $D_M/D_H(z_\mathrm{eff})=0.868\pm0.017$ at the effective redshift $z_\mathrm{eff}=0.69$ of the sample. The posterior parameter degeneracies are orthogonal to those from galaxy clustering analyses applied to the same data, and the constraint achieved on $D_M/D_H$ is significantly tighter. In combination with the consensus galaxy BAO and full-shape analyses of the same sample, we obtain $fσ_8=0.447\pm0.039$, $D_M/r_d=17.48\pm0.23$ and $D_H/r_d=20.10\pm0.34$. These values are in good agreement with the $Λ$CDM model predictions and represent reductions in the uncertainties of $13\%$, $23\%$ and $28\%$ respectively compared to the combined results from galaxy clustering, or an overall reduction of 55\% in the allowed volume of parameter space.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables including appendix. Matches MNRAS accepted version. v2: slightly expanded appendix, minor changes to text elsewhere. Data and code to reproduce likelihood analysis available from https://github.com/seshnadathur/victor
One Step at a Time: Combining LLMs and Static Analysis to Generate Next-Step Hints for Programming Tasks
Creators: name: Birillo, Anastasiia
name: Artser, Elizaveta
name: Potriasaeva, Anna
name: Vlasov, Ilya
name: Dzialets, Katsiaryna
name: Golubev, Yaroslav
name: Gerasimov, Igor
name: Keuning, Hieke
name: Bryksin, Timofey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Students often struggle with solving programming problems when learning to code, especially when they have to do it online, with one of the most common disadvantages of working online being the lack of personalized help. This help can be provided as next-step hint generation, i.e., showing a student what specific small step they need to do next to get to the correct solution. There are many ways to generate such hints, with large language models (LLMs) being among the most actively studied right now.
 While LLMs constitute a promising technology for providing personalized help, combining them with other techniques, such as static analysis, can significantly improve the output quality. In this work, we utilize this idea and propose a novel system to provide both textual and code hints for programming tasks. The pipeline of the proposed approach uses a chain-of-thought prompting technique and consists of three distinct steps: (1) generating subgoals - a list of actions to proceed with the task from the current student's solution, (2) generating the code to achieve the next subgoal, and (3) generating the text to describe this needed action. During the second step, we apply static analysis to the generated code to control its size and quality. The tool is implemented as a modification to the open-source JetBrains Academy plugin, supporting students in their in-IDE courses.
 To evaluate our approach, we propose a list of criteria for all steps in our pipeline and conduct two rounds of expert validation. Finally, we evaluate the next-step hints in a classroom with 14 students from two universities. Our results show that both forms of the hints - textual and code - were helpful for the students, and the proposed system helped them to proceed with the coding tasks.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 3 of Access to routinely collected health data for clinical trials – review of successful data requests to UK registries
Creators: name: Lensen, Sarah
name: Macnair, Archie
name: Love, Sharon B.
name: Yorke-Edwards, Victoria
name: Noor, Nurulamin M.
name: Martyn, Meredith
name: Blenkinsop, Alexandra
name: Diaz-Montana, Carlos
name: Powell, Graham
name: Williamson, Elizabeth
name: Carpenter, James
name: Sydes, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Data use combinations by frequency of use, among trials using data for the primary report (n = 74).
Fundamentals of the LISA Stable Flight Formation
Creators: name: Dhurandhar, S. V.
name: Nayak, K. Rajesh
name: Koshti, S.
name: Vinet, J-Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The joint NASA-ESA mission LISA relies crucially on the stability of the three spacecraft constellation. Each of the spacecraft is in heliocentric orbits forming a stable triangle. The principles of such a formation flight have been formulated long ago and analysis performed, but seldom presented if ever, even to LISA scientists. We nevertheless need these details in order to carry out theoretical studies on the optical links, simulators etc. In this article, we present in brief, a model of the LISA constellation, which we believe will be useful for the LISA community.
description: 9 Pages, 2 Figure Submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity
title: Coping with change: the case of EV manufacturer
Creators: name: Sebeykin, Vadim
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: automotive industry
subject: change
subject: business model
subject: adaptation
subject: disruption
subject: innovation
subject: value
subject: Evs
subject: Tesla

description: The main goal of this Thesis is to investigate the automotive firm’s reaction to the dynamically changing and complex competitive environment, focusing on the EV manufacturer’s business model, and to provide strategic insights and cognitive shortcuts for solving relevant managerial problems and the key trade-offs. The paper explores the theoretical pillars of the business model framework in the literature, defines its core components, relationships, and contingencies. Auxiliary, it elaborates the concepts of change, uncertainty, flexibility, ambidexterity, innovation, disruption in a business model setting. The practical part of the Thesis employs a case study format. This paper describes the EV manufacturer’s business model, analyses its value potential, alignment and change robustness. Adaptive changes to the business model are identified and examined across contingencies. Innovation and optimization of a business model are considered fit for a dynamic context.
Piecewise frequency model for searches for long-transient gravitational waves from young neutron stars
Creators: name: Grace, Benjamin
name: Wette, Karl
name: Scott, Susan M.
name: Sun, Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we characterise the performance of a new search technique designed to be sensitive to the remnants of binary neutron star systems. Sensitivity estimates of the new method on simulated data are competitive against those of other work. Previous searches for a gravitational-wave signal from a possible neutron star remnant of the binary neutron star merger event GW170817 have focused on short ($<500$~s) and long duration (2.5~hr -- 8~day) signals. To date, no such post-merger signal has been detected. We introduce a new piecewise model which has the flexibility to accurately follow gravitational-wave signals which are rapidly evolving in frequency, such as those which may be emitted from young neutron stars born from binary neutron star mergers or supernovae. We investigate the sensitivity and computational cost of this piecewise model when used in a fully coherent 1800-second $\mathcal{F}$-statistic search on simulated data containing possible signals from the GW170817 remnant. The sensitivity of the search using the piecewise model is determined using simulated data, with noise consistent with the LIGO second observing run. Across a 100--2000~Hz frequency band, the model achieves a peak sensitivity of $h_{\text{rss}}^{50\%} = 4.4 \times 10^{-23} \text{Hz}^{-1/2}$ at 200~Hz, competitive with other methods. The computational cost of conducting the search, over a bank of $1.1 \times 10^{12}$ templates, is estimated at 10 days running on 100 CPU's.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
QCD at Finite temperature and density with staggered and Wilson quarks
Creators: name: Luo, Xiang-Qian
name: Chen, He-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most challenging issues in particle physics is to study QCD in extreme conditions. Precise determination of the QCD phase diagram on temperature $T$ and chemical potential $μ$ plane will provide valuable information for quark-gluon plasma (QGP) and neutron star physics. We present results for phase structure on the $(μ, T)$ plane for lattice QCD with Wilson fermions from strong coupling Hamiltonian analysis and Kogut-Susskind Fermions from Lagrangian Monte Carlo simulations at intermediate coupling.
description: Lattice 2004 (nonzero)
Unveiling the quasar main sequence: illuminating the complexity of active galactic nuclei and their evolution
Creators: name: Panda, Swayamtrupta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Eigenvector 1 schema, or the main sequence of quasars, was introduced as an analogous scheme to the HR diagram that would allow us to understand the more complex, extended sources - active galactic nuclei (AGNs) that harbor accreting supermassive black holes. The study has spanned more than three decades and has advanced our knowledge of the diversity of Type-1 AGNs from both observational and theoretical aspects. The quasar main sequence, in its simplest form, is the plane between the FWHM of the broad H$β$ emission line and the strength of the optical FeII emission to the H$β$. While the former allows the estimation of the black hole mass, the latter enables direct measurement of the metal content and traces the accretion rate of the AGN. Together, they allow us to track the evolution of AGN in terms of the activity of the central nuclei, its effect on the line-emitting regions surrounding the AGN, and their diversity making them suitable distance indicators to study the expansion of our Universe. This mini-review aims to provide (i) a brief history leading up to the present day in the study of the quasar main sequence, (ii) introduce us to the many possibilities to study AGNs with the main sequence as a guiding tool, and (iii) highlight some recent, exciting lines of researches at the frontier of this ever-growing field.
description: Mini Review Article based on the invited talk in Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences: A Decade of Discovery and Advancement - 10th Anniversary Conference. This version matches the published version (19-09-2024)
Polymer transport in random flow
Creators: name: Celani, A.
name: Musacchio, S.
name: Vincenzi, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of polymers in a random smooth flow is investigated in the framework of the Hookean dumbbell model. The analytical expression of the time-dependent probability density function of polymer elongation is derived explicitly for a Gaussian, rapidly changing flow. When polymers are in the coiled state the pdf reaches a stationary state characterized by power-law tails both for small and large arguments compared to the equilibrium length. The characteristic relaxation time is computed as a function of the Weissenberg number. In the stretched state the pdf is unstationary and exhibits multiscaling. Numerical simulations for the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes flow confirm the relevance of theoretical results obtained for the delta-correlated model.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2 of Cancer incidence attributable to tuberculosis in 2015: global, regional, and national estimates
Creators: name: Leung, Chi Yan
name: Hsi-Lan Huang
name: Md. Mizanur Rahman
name: Nomura, Shuhei
name: Abe, Sarah Krull
name: Saito, Eiko
name: Shibuya, Kenji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary Notes
Observational evidence of spin-induced precession in active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Caproni, Anderson
name: Cuesta, Herman J. Mosquera
name: Abraham, Zulema
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that it is possible to explain the physical origin of jet precession in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) through the misalignment between the rotation axes of the accretion disk and of the Kerr black hole. We apply this scenario to quasars, Seyfert galaxies and also to the Galactic Center black hole Sgr A*, for which signatures of either jet or disk precession have been found. The formalism adopted is parameterized by the ratio of the precession period to the black hole mass and can be used to put constraints to the physical properties of the accretion disk as well as to the black hole spin in those systems.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
WeBWorK log files as a rich source of data on student homework behaviours
Creators: name: Prat, Alain
name: Code, Warren J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 97U50

description: The online homework system WeBWorK has been successfully used at several hundred colleges and universities. Despite its popularity, the WeBWorK system does not provide detailed metrics of student performance to instructors. In this article, we illustrate how an analysis of the log files of the WeBWorK system can provide information such as the amount of time students spend on WeBWorK assignments and how long they persist on problems. We estimate the time spent on an assignment by combining log file events into sessions of student activity. The validity of this method is confirmed by cross referencing with another time estimate obtained from a learning management system. As an application of these performance metrics, we contrast the behaviour of students with WeBWorK scores less than 50% with the remainder of the class in a first year Calculus course. This reveals that on average, the students who fail their homework start their homework later, have shorter activity sessions, and are less persistent when solving problems. We conclude by discussing the implications of WeBWorK analytics for instructional practices and for the future of learning analytics in undergraduate mathematics education.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. This article has been accepted for publication in the International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology (IJMEST), published by Taylor & Francis
Quantification of discreteness effects in cosmological N-body simulations: I. Initial Conditions
Creators: name: Joyce, Michael
name: Marcos, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between the results of cosmological N-body simulations, and the continuum theoretical models they simulate, is currently not understood in a way which allows a quantification of N dependent effects. In this first of a series of papers on this issue, we consider the quantification of such effects in the initial conditions of such simulations. A general formalism developed in [1] allows us to write down an exact expression for the power spectrum of the point distributions generated by the standard algorithm for generating such initial conditions. Expanded perturbatively in the amplitude of the input (i.e. theoretical, continuum) power spectrum, we obtain at linear order the input power spectrum, plus two terms which arise from discreteness and contribute at large wavenumbers. For cosmological type power spectra, one obtains as expected, the input spectrum for wavenumbers k smaller than that characteristic of the discreteness. The comparison of real space correlation properties is more subtle because the discreteness corrections are not as strongly localised in real space. For cosmological type spectra the theoretical mass variance in spheres and two point correlation function are well approximated {\it above} a finite distance. For typical initial amplitudes this distance is a few times the inter-particle distance, but it diverges as this amplitude (or, equivalently, the initial red-shift of the cosmological simulation) goes to zero, at fixed particle density. We discuss briefly the physical significance of these discreteness terms in the initial conditions, in particular with respect to the definition of the continuum limit of N-body simulations.
description: Final published version, 22 pages and 16 figures, very significantly revised, one important correction (range of allowed exponents), modified title (now part one of a series)
Planck 2018 constraints on anisotropic birefringence and its cross-correlation with CMB anisotropy
Creators: name: Gruppuso, Alessandro
name: Molinari, Diego
name: Natoli, Paolo
name: Pagano, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parity-violating extensions of standard electromagnetism produce cosmic birefringence, the in vacuo rotation of the linear polarisation direction of a photon during propagation. We employ {\it Planck} 2018 CMB polarised data to constrain anisotropic birefringence, modeled by its angular power spectrum $C_{\ell}^{αα}$, and the cross-correlation with CMB temperature maps, $C_{\ell}^{αT}$, at scales larger than $\sim$15 degrees. We present joint limits on the scale invariant quantity, $A^{αα} \equiv \ell (\ell +1) \, C_{\ell}^{αα} / 2 π$, and on the analogous amplitude for the cross-correlation, $A^{αT} \equiv \ell (\ell +1) \, C_{\ell}^{αT} / 2 π$. We find no evidence of birefringence within the error budget and obtain $A^{αα} < 0.104 \, \mbox{[deg$^2$]}$ and $A^{αT}=1.50^{+2.41}_{-4.10} \, \mbox{[$μ$K$\cdot$deg] both at } 95 \% \mbox{ C.L.}$. The latter bound appears competitive in constraining a few early dark energy models recently proposed to alleviate the $H_{0}$ tension. Slicing the joint likelihood at $A^{αT}=0$, the bound on $A^{αα}$ becomes tighter at $A^{αα} < 0.085 \, \mbox{[deg$^2$]}$ at 95$\% \mbox{ C.L.}$. In addition we recast the constraints on $A^{αα}$ as a bound on the amplitude of primordial magnetic fields responsible for Faraday rotation, finding $B_{1 {\tiny \mbox{Mpc}}} < 26.9$ nG and $B_{1 {\tiny \mbox{Mpc}}} < 24.3$ nG at 95$\%$ C.L. for the marginalised and sliced case respectively.
description: 38 pages, 34 Figures. References added. Section 6 extended. Accepted for publication in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Q^2 Evolution of Generalized Baldin Sum Rule for the Proton
Creators: name: Liang, Y.
name: Christy, M. E.
name: Ent, R.
name: Keppel, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized Baldin sum rule for virtual photon scattering, the unpolarized analogy of the generalized Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integral, provides an important way to investigate the transition between perturbative QCD and hadronic descriptions of nucleon structure. This sum rule requires integration of the nucleon structure function F_1, which until recently had not been measured at low Q^2 and large x, i.e. in the nucleon resonance region. This work uses new data from inclusive electron-proton scattering in the resonance region obtained at Jefferson Lab, in combination with SLAC deep inelastic scattering data, to present first precision measurements of the generalized Baldin integral for the proton in the Q^2 range of 0.3 to 4.0 GeV^2.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, one table; text added, one figure replaced
Numerical computation of travelling breathers in Klein-Gordon chains
Creators: name: Sire, Yannick
name: James, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study the existence of travelling breathers in Klein-Gordon chains, which consist of one-dimensional networks of nonlinear oscillators in an anharmonic on-site potential, linearly coupled to their nearest neighbors. Travelling breathers are spatially localized solutions having the property of being exactly translated by $p$ sites along the chain after a fixed propagation time $T$ (these solutions generalize the concept of solitary waves for which $p=1$). In the case of even on-site potentials, the existence of small amplitude travelling breathers superposed on a small oscillatory tail has been proved recently (G. James and Y. Sire, to appear in {\sl Comm. Math. Phys.}, 2004), the tail being exponentially small with respect to the central oscillation size. In this paper we compute these solutions numerically and continue them into the large amplitude regime for different types of even potentials. We find that Klein-Gordon chains can support highly localized travelling breather solutions superposed on an oscillatory tail. We provide examples where the tail can be made very small and is difficult to detect at the scale of central oscillations. In addition we numerically observe the existence of these solutions in the case of non even potentials.
Additional file 1 of Access to routinely collected health data for clinical trials – review of successful data requests to UK registries
Creators: name: Lensen, Sarah
name: Macnair, Archie
name: Love, Sharon B.
name: Yorke-Edwards, Victoria
name: Noor, Nurulamin M.
name: Martyn, Meredith
name: Blenkinsop, Alexandra
name: Diaz-Montana, Carlos
name: Powell, Graham
name: Williamson, Elizabeth
name: Carpenter, James
name: Sydes, Matthew R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Registries searched and approached.
A study of the dissociation dynamics of D₂O on zirconium surfaces using resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization spectroscopy
Creators: name: Musa, Mohamed O.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Atomic hydrogen adsorbates on Zr surfaces have much higher probability for dissolution into the bulk than recombinative desorption even when the surface is heated at rates as high as 10¹⁰ K/s. On the other hand, water dissociation on hot Zr surfaces (which takes place at temperatures as low as 80 K) produces molecular hydrogen very efficiently at temperatures above 230 K. To help resolve these apparently contradictory observations and to generally understand the dynamics of heavy water (D₂O) dissociation on Zr, we built an UHV chamber equipped with pressure and surface diagnostic tools to probe the rotational, vibrational and translational energy distributions of the evolving deuterium (D₂) using resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) spectroscopy and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The rotational population distributions of the first two vibrational states (υʹʹ = 0, 1) of the D₂ product were measured and found to fit Boltzmann-like distributions at Trot < or = 500 K while the surface was held at 800 K. In addition the total population of the υʹʹ = 1 was found to be four times higher than the expected value at the surface temperature, corresponding to temperature of Tvib = 1070 ± 50 K. These distribution are consistent with previous observations of hydrogen recombination on metal surfaces. Regarding the translational populations, the population of the υʹʹ = 0 was measured and was found to fit a thermal beam model at 1200 K. This indicates the existence a very small energy barrier to desorption. To verify that the observed hydrogen was due to surface recombination, we probed the rotational population distributions of the υʹʹ = 1 of hydrogen scattered from or released (through slow thermal desorption of hydrogen dissolved in the bulk) by Zr at T = 800 K. These distributions fitted at a Boltzmann-like distribution at Trot < or = 400 K. From these observations, we conclude that hydrogen release from the dissociation of water arises from recombinative desorption occurring at the surface. The efficient production of hydrogen when water reacts with hot Zr is explained in terms of competition between hydrogen and oxygen adsorbates for subsurface/bulk sites.
Fashion, Novelty and Optimality: An application from Physics
Creators: name: Galam, Serge
name: Vignes, Annick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a physical based model to describe the clothes fashion market. Every time a new outlet appears on the market, it can invade the market under certain specific conditions. Hence, the "old'' outlet can be completely dominated and disappears. Each creator competes for a finite population of agents. Fashion phenomena are shown to result from a collective phenomenon produced by local individual imitation effects. We assume that, in each step of the imitation process, agents only interact with a subset rather than with the whole set of agents. People are actually more likely to influence (and be influenced by) their close ''neighbours''. Accordingly we discuss which strategy is best fitted for new producers when people are either simply organised into anonymous reference groups or when they are organised in social groups hierarchically ordered. While counterfeits are shown to reinforce the first strategy, creating social leaders can permit to avoid them.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
Aspects of chiral anomalies at finite density
Creators: name: Metlitski, Max A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis is devoted to the study of various aspects of chiral anomaly in an environment with a non-vanishing fermion density. It is comprised of 3 semi-autonomous projects. In the first part, we examine the problem of Witten's superconducting strings at finite fermion chemical potential. We demonstrate how various symmetries of the hamiltonian can be used to exactly compute the fermion electric current in the string background. We show that the current along the string is not sensitive to the profiles of the string fields, and at fixed chemical potential and temperature depends only on the string winding number, the total gauge flux through the vortex and, possibly, the fermion mass at infinity. In the second part, we study a complementary problem of appearance of axial current on magnetic flux tubes in dense matter. We demonstrate the appearance of the axial current by an explicit microscopic calculation. We further show how the results of both parts I and II can be derived by thinking of the fermion chemical potential as a background gauge field, which induces an anomaly of the axial current. In the third part, we use 2-color QCD as a model to study the effects of simultaneous presence of the so-called Ө parameter, chemical potentials for baryon number, μ[sub B] and for isospin charge, μ[sub I]. We pay special attention to Ө, μ[sub B], μ[sub I] dependence of different vacuum condensates, including chiral and diquark condensates, as well as the gluon condensate and the topological susceptibility. We find that two phase transitions of the second order will occur when Ө relaxes from Ө = 2π to Ө = 0, if μ is of order of the pion mass, m[sub π] . We demonstrate that the transition to the superfluid phase at Ө = π occurs at a much lower chemical potential than at Ө = 0. We also show that the strong Ө dependence present near Ө = π in vacuum (Dashen's phenomenon), becomes smoothed out in the superfluid phase. Finally, we note that all results of this study easily generalize to N[sub c] = 3 QCD at finite isospin chemical potential.