cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Signatures of nonadiabatic BCS state dynamics in pump-probe conductivity
Creators: name: Krull, H.
name: Manske, D.
name: Uhrig, G. S.
name: Schnyder, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the pump-probe response of nonequilibrium BCS superconductors coupled to optical phonons. For ultrashort pump pulses a nonadiabatic regime emerges, which is characterized by oscillations of the superconducting order parameter as well as by the generation of coherent phonons. Using the density-matrix formalism, we compute the pump-probe response in the nonadiabatic regime of the coupled Bogoliubov quasiparticle-phonon system and determine the signatures of the order parameter and of the phonon oscillations in the pump-probe conductivity. We find that the nonadiabatic dynamics of the BCS superconductor reflects itself in oscillations of the pump-probe response as functions of delay time between pump and probe pulses. We argue that from the analysis of this oscillatory behavior both frequency and decay time of the algebraically decaying order-parameter oscillations can be inferred. Similarly, the coherent phonons are evidenced in the pump-probe conductivity by oscillations with the frequency of the phonons. Remarkably, we find that the oscillatory response in the pump-probe conductivity is resonantly enhanced when the frequency of the order-parameter oscillations is tuned to the phonon energy.
On The Survival and Abundance of Disk-dominated Galaxies
Creators: name: Koda, Jun
name: Milosavljevic, Milos
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of disk-dominated galaxies in a Lambda CDM universe. Their existence is considered to be a challenge for the Lambda CDM cosmology, because galaxy mergers isotropize stellar disks and trigger angular momentum transport in gas disks, thus fostering the formation of central stellar spheroids. Here, we postulate that the formation of stellar spheroids from gas-rich disks is controlled by two parameters that characterize galaxy mergers, the mass ratio of merging dark matter halos, and the virial velocity of the larger merging halo. We utilize merger histories generated from realizations of the cosmological density field to calculate the fraction of dark matter halos that have avoided spheroid formation, and compare the derived statistics with the spheroid occupation fractions in surveys of nearby galaxies. We find, for example, that the survival rate of disk-dominated galaxies in Lambda CDM is just high enough to explain the observed fractional representation of disk-dominated galaxies in the universe if the only mergers which lead to central spheroid formation are those with mass ratios M2/M1 > 0.3 and virial velocities Vvir,1 > 55 km/s. We discuss the physical origin of this criterion.
Extracting conditional confidentiality policies
Creators: name: Tschantz, Michael Carl.
name: Wing, Jeannette Marie.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "We present a static analysis that extracts from a program's source code a sound approximation of the most restrictive conditional confidentiality policy that the program obeys. To formalize conditional confidentiality policies, we present a modified definition of noninterference that depends on runtime information. We implement our analysis and experiment with the resulting tool on C programs. While we focus on using our analysis for policy extraction, the process can more generally be used for information flow analysis. Unlike traditional information flow analysis that simply states what flows are possible in a program, our tool also states what conditions must be satisfied by an execution for each flow to be enabled. Furthermore, our analysis is the first to handle interactive I/O while being compositional and flow sensitive."
Supplementary document for A PDMS-filled micro-spring Fabry-Perot cavity for temperature sensing - 6562055.pdf
Creators: name: Cao, Simin
name: Shang, Xinggang
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Wang, Ning
name: Qiu, Min
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: A PDMS-filled micro-spring Fabry-Perot cavity for temperature sensing
Methodic development of a composite battery module housing
Creators: name: John, Leonard Stefan
name: Liebertseder, Johannes
name: De Keyser, H.
name: Dekeyser, Arne
name: Berg, Lars-Fredrik
name: Tübke, Jens
name: Doppelbauer, Martin
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2024

description: The "Composite Battery Module" project aimed to reevaluate existing housing designs for battery modules in electric vehicles and to explore alternative construction methods using composite materials. The development of a prototype began with a general observation and characterization of a pouch cell, extending these findings to the module level, and encapsulating them in a component-specific requirements system. Based on these conditions, the presented housing concept was developed, with particular attention paid to the "Integrated Connection and Cooling Plate" (ICCP), which combines the defining features within a single component.
A Model of the Mechanisms Underlying Exploratory Behaviour
Creators: name: Gabora, Liane
name: Colgan, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A model of the mechanisms underlying exploratory behaviour, based on empirical research and refined using a computer simulation, is presented. The behaviour of killifish from two lakes, one with killifish predators and one without, was compared in the laboratory. Plotting average activity in a novel environment versus time resulted in an inverted-U-shaped curve for both groups; however, the curve for killifish from the lake without predators was (1) steeper, (2) reached a peak value earlier, (S) reached a higher peak value, and (4) subsumed less area than the curve for killifish from the lake with predators. We hypothesize that the shape of the exploration curve reflects a competition between motivational subsystems that excite and inhibit exploratory behaviour in a way that is tuned to match the affordance probabilities of the animal's environment. A computer implementation of this model produced curves which differed along the same four dimensions as differentiate the two killifish curves. All four differences were reproduced in the model by tuning a single parameter: the time-dependent component of the decay-rate of the exploration-inhibiting subsystem.
description: 17 pages
Promoting Public Participation in Environmental Protection and Flood Risk Management in Ho Chi Minh City - Vietnam
Creators: name: Pham Thi Anh
name: Nguyen Thi Bao Ngoc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Urban flooding
flood risk
public participatory role
public awareness

description: Urban flooding is an increasingly important issue. It has become a regular phenomenon in many towns and cities in the world over the past years. Flooding in urban areas in Ho Chi Minh City poses serious challenges not only by affecting large numbers of people and properties in urban areas but also directly hindering the economic growth of the city. Despite the huge technical effort to improve the city's drainage system, which is necessitated by phenomenal growth of the city and the challenges of climate change and land subsidence, it is impossible to put and end to flooding. The human factor appears an important element in the flooding problem and the efforts of flood reduction. In this study the emphasis was laid on the issue of inappropriate garbage disposal which leads to obstruction of drainage systems. As a part of a well-planned strategy an interactive survey was conducted in about 820 households in flooding areas. The survey focused on awareness and behavior of public garbage disposal of households living in flooded areas. People have an understanding of the causes of flooding, and have a sense of environmental protection, they can contribute to reducing flooding. In addition to technological solutions, community awareness, solutions for management and sanctioning are necessary.
On the statistical properties of turbulent energy transfer rate in the inner Heliosphere
Creators: name: Sorriso-Valvo, Luca
name: Carbone, Francesco
name: Perri, Silvia
name: Greco, Antonella
name: Marino, Raffaele
name: Bruno, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transfer of energy from large to small scales in solar wind turbulence is an important ingredient of the longstanding question about the mechanism of the interplanetary plasma heating. Previous studies have shown that magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is statistically compatible with the observed solar wind heating as it expands in the heliosphere. However, in order to understand which processes contribute to the plasma heating, it is necessary to have a local description of the energy flux across scales. To this aim, it is customary to use indicators such as the magnetic field partial variance of increments (PVI), which is associated with the local, relative, scale-dependent magnetic energy. A more complete evaluation of the energy transfer should also include other terms, related to velocity and cross-helicity. This is achieved here by introducing a proxy for the local, scale dependent turbulent energy transfer rate epsilon_Dt(t), based on the third-order moment scaling law for MHD turbulence. Data from Helios 2 are used to determine the statistical properties of such a proxy in comparison with the magnetic and velocity fields PVI, and the correlation with local solar wind heating is computed. PVI and epsilon_Dt(t) are generally well correlated, however epsilon_Dt(t) is a very sensitive proxy that can exhibit large amplitude values, both positive and negative, even for low amplitude peaks in the PVI. Furthermore, epsilon_Dt(t) is very well correlated with local increases of temperature when large amplitude bursts of energy transfer are localized, thus suggesting an important role played by this proxy in the study of plasma energy dissipation.
description: This is a pre-print of an article to be published in Solar Physics. The final authenticated version will be soon available online
Quantum magnetism and criticality
Creators: name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic insulators have proved to be fertile ground for studying new types of quantum many body states, and I survey recent experimental and theoretical examples. The insights and methods transfer also to novel superconducting and metallic states. Of particular interest are critical quantum states, sometimes found at quantum phase transitions, which have gapless excitations with no particle- or wave-like interpretation, and control a significant portion of the finite temperature phase diagram. Remarkably, their theory is connected to holographic descriptions of Hawking radiation from black holes.
description: 39 pages, 10 figures, review article for non-specialists; (v2) added clarifications and references; (v3) minor corrections; (v4) added footnote on hydrodynamic long-time tails
Externalities in Cake Cutting
Creators: name: Brânzei, Simina
name: Procaccia, Ariel D.
name: Zhang, Jie
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The cake cutting problem models the fair division of a heterogeneous good between multiple agents. Previous work assumes that each agent derives value only from its own piece. However, agents may also care about the pieces assigned to other agents; such externalities naturally arise in fair division settings. We extend the classical model to capture externalities, and generalize the classical fairness notions of proportionality and envy-freeness. Our technical results characterize the relationship between these generalized properties, establish the existence or nonexistence of fair allocations, and explore the computational feasibility of fairness in the face of externalities.
Can Conformal Prediction Obtain Meaningful Safety Guarantees for ML Models?
Creators: name: Seferis, Emmanouil
name: Burton, Simon
name: Cheng, Chih-Hong
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: conformal prediction
CP
Deep Neural Networks
DNN
safety
safety integrity level
machine learning
ML

description: Conformal Prediction (CP) has been recently proposed as a methodology to calibrate the predictions of Machine Learning (ML) models so that they can output rigorous quantification of their uncertainties. For example, one can calibrate the predictions of an ML model into prediction sets, that guarantee to cover the ground truth class with a probability larger than a specified threshold. In this paper, we study whether CP can provide strong statistical guarantees that would be required in safety-critical applications. Our evaluation on the ImageNet demonstrates that using CP over state-of-the-art models fails to deliver the required guarantees. We corroborate our results by deriving a simple connection between the CP prediction sets and top-k accuracy.
Additional file 1: of Phenotypical profile and global transcriptomic profile of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae due to carbapenemase-encoding plasmid acquisition
Creators: name: Long, Dan
name: Zhu, Lan-lan
name: Du, Fang-ling
name: Xiang, Tian-xin
name: Wan, La-Gen
name: Wei, Dan-dan
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. Gel image of S1-PFGE result of the BD2411 and TfpNDM-hvKP isolates. (A) Isolates were digested using S1 nuclease and subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The gel was subjected to Gel Red staining and analyzed in a CHEF-Mapper XA PFGE system. H, size marker strain Salmonella enterica ser. Braenderup H9812 digested with XbaI;(B) The corresponding Southern blot, hybridized with a DNA probe to the blaNDM sequence. (PDF 143 kb)
Concept Combination and the Origins of Complex Cognition
Creators: name: Gabora, Liane
name: Kitto, Kirsty
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: At the core of our uniquely human cognitive abilities is the capacity to see things from different perspectives, or to place them in a new context. We propose that this was made possible by two cognitive transitions. First, the large brain of Homo erectus facilitated the onset of recursive recall: the ability to string thoughts together into a stream of potentially abstract or imaginative thought. This hypothesis is supported by a set of computational models where an artificial society of agents evolved to generate more diverse and valuable cultural outputs under conditions of recursive recall. We propose that the capacity to see things in context arose much later, following the appearance of anatomically modern humans. This second transition was brought on by the onset of contextual focus: the capacity to shift between a minimally contextual analytic mode of thought, and a highly contextual associative mode of thought, conducive to combining concepts in new ways and 'breaking out of a rut'. When contextual focus is implemented in an art-generating computer program, the resulting artworks are seen as more creative and appealing. We summarize how both transitions can be modeled using a theory of concepts which highlights the manner in which different contexts can lead to modern humans attributing very different meanings to the interpretation of one concept.
description: 24 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1308.5032
Extensible records without subsumption
Creators: name: Harper, Robert William
name: Pierce, Benjamin C.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract "We present a calculus of operations on extensible records, based on a polymorphic lambda calculus with constrained quantification. This system is related to Cardelli and Mitchell's calculus of operations on records, but expresses constraints on record operations using explicit predicates on types rather than a subtype relation."
The PomXYZ Proteins Self-Organize on the Bacterial Nucleoid to Stimulate Cell Division
Creators: name: Schumacher, Dominik
name: Bergeler, Silke
name: Harms, Andrea
name: Vonck, Janet
name: Huneke-Vogt, Sabrina
name: Frey, Erwin
name: Søgaard-Andersen, Lotte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cell division site positioning is precisely regulated to generate correctly sized and shaped daughters. We uncover a novel strategy to position the FtsZ cytokinetic ring at midcell in the social bacterium Myxococcus xanthus. PomX, PomY and the nucleoid-binding ParA/MinD ATPase PomZ self-assemble forming a large nucleoid-associated complex that localizes at the division site before FtsZ to directly guide and stimulate division. PomXYZ localization is generated through self-organized biased random motion on the nucleoid towards midcell and constrained motion at midcell. Experiments and theory show that PomXYZ motion is produced by diffusive PomZ fluxes on the nucleoid into the complex. Flux differences scale with the intracellular asymmetry of the complex and are converted into a local PomZ concentration gradient across the complex with translocation towards the higher PomZ concentration. At midcell, fluxes equalize resulting in constrained motion. Flux-based mechanisms may represent a general paradigm for positioning of macromolecular structures in bacteria.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, 29 pages supplemental information, 7 supplemental figures
Diluted antiferromagnet in a ferromagnetic enviroment
Creators: name: Hase, M. O.
name: Mendes, J. F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of robustness of a network under random ``attacks'' is treated in the framework of critical phenomena. The persistence of spontaneous magnetization of a ferromagnetic system to the random inclusion of antiferromagnetic interactions is investigated. After examing the static properties of the quenched version (in respect to the random antiferromagnetic interactions) of the model, the persistence of the magnetization is analysed also in the annealed approximation, and the difference in the results are discussed.
The Beer Can Theory of Creativity
Creators: name: Gabora, Liane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This chapter explores the cognitive mechanisms underlying the emergence and evolution of cultural novelty. Section Two summarizes the rationale for viewing the process by which the fruits of the mind take shape as they spread from one individual to another as a form of evolution, and briefly discusses a computer model of this process. Section Three presents theoretical and empirical evidence that the sudden proliferation of human culture approximately two million years ago began with the capacity for creativity: that is, the ability to generate novelty strategically and contextually. The next two sections take a closer look at the creative process. Section Four examines the mechanisms underlying the fluid, associative thought that constitutes the inspirational component of creativity. Section Five explores how that initial flicker of inspiration crystallizes into a solid, workable idea as it gets mulled over in light of the various constraints and affordances of the world into which it will be born. Finally, Section Six wraps things up with a few speculative thoughts about the overall unfolding of this evolutionary process.
description: 25 pages
Realization of a double-slit SQUID geometry by Fermi arc surface states in a WTe$_2$ Weyl semimetal
Creators: name: Shvetsov, O. O.
name: Kononov, A.
name: Timonina, A. V.
name: Kolesnikov, N. N.
name: Deviatov, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study electron transport between two superconducting indium leads, coupled to the WTe$_2$ crystal surface. WTe$_2$ is characterized by presence of Fermi arc surface states, as a predicted type-II Weyl semimetal candidate. We demonstrate Josephson current in unprecedentedly long 5~$μ$m In-WTe$_2$-In junctions, which is confirmed by $I-V$ curves evolution with temperature and magnetic field. The Josephson current is mostly carried by the topological surface states, which we demonstrate in a double-slit SQUID geometry, realized by coupling the opposite WTe$_2$ crystal surfaces.
Additional file 3: of Phenotypical profile and global transcriptomic profile of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae due to carbapenemase-encoding plasmid acquisition
Creators: name: Long, Dan
name: Zhu, Lan-lan
name: Du, Fang-ling
name: Xiang, Tian-xin
name: Wan, La-Gen
name: Wei, Dan-dan
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Susceptibility of K. pnuemoniae BD2411 (WT) and its transformant (TfpNDM-hvKP) (DOC 24 kb)
Extending the Graphics Pipeline with Adaptive, Multi-Rate Shading
Creators: name: He, Yong
name: Gu, Yan
name: Kayvon  Fatahalian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to complex shaders and high-resolution displays (particularly on mobile graphics platforms), fragment shading often dominates the cost of rendering in games. To improve the efficiency of shading on GPUs, we extend the graphics pipeline to natively support techniques that adaptively sample components of the shading function more sparsely than per-pixel rates. We perform an extensive study of the challenges of integrating adaptive, multi-rate shading into the graphics pipeline, and evaluate two- and three-rate implementations that we believe are practical evolutions of modern GPU designs. We design new shading language abstractions that simplify development of shaders for this system, and design adaptive techniques that use these mechanisms to reduce the number of instructions performed during shading by more than a factor of three while maintaining high image quality.
International Competition Enhance Capacity Utilisation: The Evidence from Indonesia, Philippines and Vietnam
Creators: name: Pidani, Rita R.
name: Mahmood, Amir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Capacities
competitiveness
institutional performance
growth
quantitative

description: This paper explores the relationship between capacity utilisation and international market competition using firm-level data from Indonesia, Philippines, and Vietnam, looking for the possibility of efficient firms self-selecting rather than learning-by-exporting to join foreign markets. Capacity utilization has emerged as a rationale for these short-lived productivity improvements. The impact of international market competition on capacity utilisation follows a curvilinear relationship with a decreasing marginal point as a restriction for further expansion, according to both linear and quadratic models estimated on an unbalanced variance of exporting and non-exporting firms. The higher capacity utilisation rate in the non-exporting group not only reflects a strong domestic business orientation of firms in general, but also suggests that exporter SMEs in these countries have selected the learning-by-exporting entry mode. The influence of firm and industry physiognomies on a firm's capacity utilisation is further explored in the paper, which finds that wage productivity, competition, firm size, and legal structure all have linearly positive and capacity-based effects. The findings consistently emphasise the importance of capacities, competitiveness, and institutional performance in promoting SMEs' development.
Higgs Self-Coupling as a Probe of Electroweak Phase Transition
Creators: name: Noble, Andrew
name: Perelstein, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that, within a broad class of extensions of the Standard Model, there is a tight corellation between the dynamics of the electroweak phase transition and the cubic self-coupling of the Higgs boson: Models which exhibit a strong first-order EWPT predict a large deviation of the Higgs self-coupling from the Standard Model prediction, as long as no accidental cancellations occur. Order-one deviations are typical. This shift would be observable at the Large Hadron Collider if the proposed luminosity or energy upgrades are realized, as well as at a future electron-positron collider such as the proposed International Linear Collider. These measurements would provide a laboratory test of the dynamics of the electroweak phase transition.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures; minor changes to clarify a few points
Meme and Variations: A Computer Model of Cultural Evolution
Creators: name: Gabora, Liane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Holland's (1975) genetic algorithm is a minimal computer model of natural selection that made it possible to investigate the effect of manipulating specific parameters on the evolutionary process. If culture is, like biology, a form of evolution, it should be possible to similarly abstract the underlying skeleton of the process and develop a minimal model of it. Meme and Variations, or MAV, is a computational model, inspired by the genetic algorithm, of how ideas evolve in a society of interacting individuals (Gabora 1995). The name is a pun on the classical music form 'theme and variations', because it is based on the premise that novel ideas are variations of old ones; they result from tweaking or combining existing ideas in new ways (Holland et al. 1981). MAV explores the impact of biological phenomena such as over-dominance and epistasis as well as cognitive and social phenomena such as the ability to learn generalizations or imitate others on the fitness and diversity of cultural transmissible actions.
description: 14 pages
Rigorous results in space-periodic two-dimensional turbulence
Creators: name: Kuksin, Sergei
name: Shirikyan, Armen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30, 35R60, 37A25, 37L55, 60F05, 60F10, 60H15, 76D05

description: We survey the recent advance in the rigorous qualitative theory of the 2d stochastic Navier-Stokes system that are relevant to the description of turbulence in two-dimensional fluids. After discussing briefly the initial-boundary value problem and the associated Markov process, we formulate results on the existence, uniqueness and mixing of a stationary measure. We next turn to various consequences of these properties: strong law of large numbers, central limit theorem, and random attractors related to a unique stationary measure. We also discuss the Donsker-Varadhan and Freidlin-Wentzell type large deviations, as well as the inviscid limit and asymptotic results in 3d thin domains. We conclude with some open problems.
An Adiabatic Decomposition of the Hodge Cohomology of Manifolds Fibred over Graphs
Creators: name: Fritzsch, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58A14, 58J37

description: In this article we use the combinatorial and geometric structure of manifolds with embedded cylinders in order to develop an adiabatic decomposition of the Hodge cohomology of these manifolds. We will on the one hand describe the adiabatic behaviour of spaces of harmonic forms by means of a certain Čech-de Rham complex and on the other hand generalise the Cappell-Lee-Miller splicing map to the case of a finite number of edges, thus combining the topological and the analytic viewpoint. In parts, this work is a generalisation of works of Cappell, Lee and Miller in which a single-edged graph is considered, but it is more specific since only the Gauss-Bonnet operator is studied.
description: 19 pages, published
Additional file 4: of Phenotypical profile and global transcriptomic profile of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae due to carbapenemase-encoding plasmid acquisition
Creators: name: Long, Dan
name: Zhu, Lan-lan
name: Du, Fang-ling
name: Xiang, Tian-xin
name: Wan, La-Gen
name: Wei, Dan-dan
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S2. Comparison of differentially expressed genes in the pLVPK plasmid between the BD2411 and TfpNDM-hvKP isolates (DOC 374 kb)
Neutrinos, supernovae, and the origin of the heavy elements
Creators: name: Qian, Yong-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars of ~8-100 solar masses end their lives as core-collapse supernovae (SNe). In the process they emit a powerful burst of neutrinos, produce a variety of elements, and leave behind either a neutron star or a black hole. The wide mass range for SN progenitors results in diverse neutrino signals, explosion energies, and nucleosynthesis products. A major mechanism to produce nuclei heavier than iron is rapid neutron capture, or the r process. This process may be connected to SNe in several ways. A brief review is presented on current understanding of neutrino emission, explosion, and nucleosynthesis of SNe.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Bilangan
Creators: name: Mochamad Rizqi Adhi Pratama
name: Hawa, Anni Malihatul
name: Rochmawati, Nur Intan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Bilangan, Berhitung, Sekolah Dasar

description: Buku ini merupakan buku materi dan latihan berhitung kelas III Sekolah Dasar yang dilengkapi dengan gambar dan ilustrasi yang membuat anak tertarik dalam berlatih berhitung.
Additional file 7 of Disruption of histamine/H1R signaling pathway represses cardiac differentiation and maturation of human induced pluripotent stem cells
Creators: name: Zhu, Xiaowei
name: Ding, Suling
name: Li, Hui
name: Zhang, Zhiwei
name: Xu, Lili
name: Wu, Jian
name: Wang, Xiangfei
name: Zou, Yunzeng
name: Yang, Xiangdong
name: Ge, Junbo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 7 : Table S2. Quantitative real time PCR primers.
Emergence of quasi-units in the one dimensional Zhang model
Creators: name: Sadhu, Tridib
name: Dhar, Deepak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Zhang model of sandpile on a one dimensional chain of length $L$, where a random amount of energy is added at a randomly chosen site at each time step. We show that in spite of this randomness in the input energy, the probability distribution function of energy at a site in the steady state is sharply peaked, and the width of the peak decreases as $ {L}^{-1/2}$ for large $L$. We discuss how the energy added at one time is distributed among different sites by topplings with time. We relate this distribution to the time-dependent probability distribution of the position of a marked grain in the one dimensional Abelian model with discrete heights. We argue that in the large $L$ limit, the variance of energy at site $x$ has a scaling form $L^{-1}g(x/L)$, where $g(ξ)$ varies as $\log(1/ξ)$ for small $ξ$, which agrees very well with the results from numerical simulations.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, RevTex4
Formation of adsorbate structures induced by external electric field in plasma-condensate systems
Creators: name: Kharchenko, Vasyl O.
name: Dvornichenko, Alina V.
name: Borysiuk, Vadym N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new model of plasma-condensate system, by taking into account an anisotropy of transference reactions of adatoms between neighbor layers of multi-layer system, caused by the strength of the electric field near substrate. We discuss an influence of the strength of the electric field onto first-order phase transitions and conditions for adsorbate patterning in plasma-condensate systems. It is shown that separated pyramidal-like multi-layer adsorbate islands can be formed in the plasma-condensate system if the strength of the electric field near substrate becomes larger tan the critical value, which depends on the interaction energy of adsorbate and adsorption coefficient.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Algebraic tensor products and internal homs of noncommutative L^p-spaces
Creators: name: Pavlov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the multiplication map L^a(M)\otimes_M L^b(M)\to L^{a+b}(M) is an isometric isomorphism of (quasi)Banach M-M-bimodules. Here L^a(M)=L_{1/a}(M) is the noncommutative L_p-space of an arbitrary von Neumann algebra M and \otimes_M denotes the algebraic tensor product over M equipped with the (quasi)projective tensor norm, but without any kind of completion. Similarly, the left multiplication map L^a(M)\to Hom_M(L^b(M),L^{a+b}(M)) is an isometric isomorphism of (quasi)Banach M-M-bimodules, where Hom_M denotes the algebraic internal hom. In particular, we establish an automatic continuity result for such maps. Applications of these results include establishing explicit algebraic equivalences between the categories of L_p(M)-modules of Junge and Sherman for all p\ge0, as well as identifying subspaces of the space of bilinear forms on L^p-spaces.
description: 22 pages. Comments and questions are very welcome. v2: Contains the journal version together with additional expository material
Nonlinear Excitations in Magnetic Lattices with Long-Range Interactions
Creators: name: Molerón, Miguel
name: Chong, C.
name: Martínez, Alejandro J.
name: Porter, Mason A.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Daraio, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study - experimentally, theoretically, and numerically - nonlinear excitations in lattices of magnets with long-range interactions. We examine breather solutions, which are spatially localized and periodic in time, in a chain with algebraically-decaying interactions. It was established two decades ago [S. Flach, Phys. Rev. E 58, R4116 (1998)] that lattices with long-range interactions can have breather solutions in which the spatial decay of the tails has a crossover from exponential to algebraic decay. In this Letter, we revisit this problem in the setting of a chain of repelling magnets with a mass defect and verify, both numerically and experimentally, the existence of breathers with such a crossover.
Search for Ultra High-Energy Neutrinos with AMANDA-II
Creators: name: The IceCube Collaboration
name: Ackermann, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for diffuse neutrinos with energies in excess of 10^5 GeV is conducted with AMANDA-II data recorded between 2000 and 2002. Above 10^7 GeV, the Earth is essentially opaque to neutrinos. This fact, combined with the limited overburden of the AMANDA-II detector (roughly 1.5 km), concentrates these ultra high-energy neutrinos at the horizon. The primary background for this analysis is bundles of downgoing, high-energy muons from the interaction of cosmic rays in the atmosphere. No statistically significant excess above the expected background is seen in the data, and an upper limit is set on the diffuse all-flavor neutrino flux of E^{-2} $Φ$_{90%CL} < 2.7 $\times$ 10^{-7} GeV cm^{-2} s^{-1} sr^{-1} valid over the energy range of 2 $\times$ 10^5 GeV to 10^9 GeV. A number of models which predict neutrino fluxes from active galactic nuclei are excluded at the 90% confidence level.
description: accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal
Düsseldorf - Kreis Mettmann. Kompetenz- und Innovationsanalyse zum Strukturwandel im Rheinischen Revier. Kurzfassung
Creators: name: Kahl, Julian
name: Klement, Benjamin
name: Dornbusch, Friedrich
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2021

description: Im Auftrag des Regionalmanagements Düsseldorf - Kreis Mettmann hat das Fraunhofer-Zentrum für Internationales Management und Wissensökonomie IMW diese Studie erarbeitet, die neben dem Innovationsgeschehen in der Region Düsseldorf - Kreis Mettmann, Kompetenzbereiche und Innovationsfelder in den Blick nimmt, welche in Zusammenarbeit mit den Kompetenzträger*innen des Rheinischen Reviers, das Potenzial haben, substanzielle Impulse für den Strukturwandel zu erzeugen. Die vorliegende Studie zielt darauf ab, mögliche Kooperationsfelder sowie gemeinsame Stärken und Schwächen der beiden Regionen zu identifizieren. Aus wissenschaftlicher Perspektive ist es für das Gelingen regionaler Kooperation von entscheidender Bedeutung, dass Kooperationsfelder an bestehenden Komplementaritäten zwischen den beiden Teilräumen ansetzen und diese durch geeignete Handlungsansätze adressieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund zielt diese Studie im Wesentlichen darauf ab, Komplementaritäten zwischen der Region Düsseldorf - Kreis Mettmann und dem Rheinischen Revier aufzudecken.
Product-state Approximations to Quantum Ground States
Creators: name: Brandão, Fernando G. S. L.
name: Harrow, Aram W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local Hamiltonian problem consists of estimating the ground-state energy (given by the minimum eigenvalue) of a local quantum Hamiltonian. First, we show the existence of a good product-state approximation for the ground-state energy of 2-local Hamiltonians with one or more of the following properties: (1) high degree, (2) small expansion, or (3) a ground state with sublinear entanglement with respect to some partition into small pieces. The approximation based on degree is a surprising difference between quantum Hamiltonians and classical CSPs (constraint satisfaction problems), since in the classical setting, higher degree is usually associated with harder CSPs. The approximation based on low entanglement, in turn, was previously known only in the regime where the entanglement was close to zero. Since the existence of a low-energy product state can be checked in NP, the result implies that any Hamiltonian used for a quantum PCP theorem should have: (1) constant degree, (2) constant expansion, (3) a "volume law" for entanglement with respect to any partition into small parts. Second, we show that in several cases, good product-state approximations not only exist, but can be found in polynomial time: (1) 2-local Hamiltonians on any planar graph, solving an open problem of Bansal, Bravyi, and Terhal, (2) dense k-local Hamiltonians for any constant k, solving an open problem of Gharibian and Kempe, and (3) 2-local Hamiltonians on graphs with low threshold rank, via a quantum generalization of a recent result of Barak, Raghavendra and Steurer. Our work introduces two new tools which may be of independent interest. First, we prove a new quantum version of the de Finetti theorem which does not require the usual assumption of symmetry. Second, we describe a way to analyze the application of the Lasserre/Parrilo SDP hierarchy to local quantum Hamiltonians.
description: 44 pages. v2: proof of thm 6 corrected
An Overview of Economic Crisis in Croatia: Causes and Its Consequences
Creators: name: Skube, Karmen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Post-communist states
self-managerial socialism
quadruple transition
stuctural reforms
merit-system in the public administration

description: This study highlights the effects of transformation of the inherited political system, with the reference to the way political parties and state institutions function as well as determine the negative impact of the transformation of the political system into the area of economy. In evaluating the causes of the crisis, those characteristics unique to Croatia must be seen in comparison to the majority of other post-communist countries. This is mainly related to the peculiarities of an inherited socialist system, and the circumstances in which the process of political and economic transformation of the Croatian society was begunThe process of multiple transformation of the socio-political system based on a peculiar paradigm of self-management of social ownership was carried out as the newly constituted state struggled to retain its independence and territorial integrity. According to the author, these factors are the key to understanding Croatia's current economic and social crisis, which is caused by the current value system. This system, built in the early 1990s, is a direct result of the war and a poorly managed transition. The applied value structure caused a gradual disintegration of civilization and became an impediment to further democratisation. Instead of advancing democracy toward the rule of law and justice, a “distorted” set of principles opened the way for the emergence of institutional corruption. According to the author, the inconsistencies that occurred during the period of political transition from a one-party regime to a democracy founded on democratic pluralism and the rule of law are the root of the issue. During the last decade of the twentieth century, the outcome of this democratic transition was the establishment of a political structure dominated by the dominance of one powerful political party and a weak opposition. Another issue raised by the author is the organisational model of the majority of newly formed political parties, which is characterised by a rigid hierarchical structure, with a powerful leader in charge of a small elitist circle of people who developed this political programme. It is concluded that implemented political transformation of the society was politocracy—an established model of the rule of political parties that functions in today’s conditions. Also,the phase of economic transformation has allowed the rise of plutocracy, which has paved the way for the practise of ruling in favour of the citizen, to the detriment of the common good, in near collaboration with politocracy. According to the author, the most important necessity for Croatia to emerge from its economic crisis is a shift in its system of values,, and the prerequisite for this is the implementation of structural reforms in all fields of society—above all, the reform of the political system.
Progress in measuring neutrino quasielastic interactions
Creators: name: Gran, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is an exciting time for folks who are looking at neutrino cross sections, and the especially important quasielastic interaction. We are able to inspect several recent results from K2K and MiniBooNE and are looking forward to a couple more high statistics measurements of neutrino and anti-neutrino interactions. There is additional interest because of the need for this cross section information for current and upcoming neutrino oscillation experiments. This paper is a brief review of our current understanding and some puzzles when we compare the recent results with past measurements. I articulate some of the short term challenges facing experimentalists, neutrino event generators, and theoretical work on the quasielastic interaction.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the Few-GeV Region (NuInt07)
Extended parallelism in the Groebner basis algorithm
Creators: name: Schwab, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "This paper presents a new parallel algorithm to compute Gro╠êbner bases utilizing two different forms of parallelism. A coarse-grain technique developed by Jean-Phillipe Vidal expands and reduces S-polynomials in parallel. A fine-grain technique, proposed by Melenk and Neun, constructs a pipeline of processors to overlap execution of the reduction operations. A hybrid algorithm that outperforms both of the original approaches is presented below. I also discuss the design and implementation approaches used to construct an efficient version of this algorithm."