Eurypon brunus Aguilar-Camacho & Carballo 2013, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria
name: Carballo, Jose Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Raspailiidae
Eurypon
Eurypon brunus

description: Eurypon brunus sp. nov.   
(Figures 14D, 21, 22)   Material examined   
 Holotype: MCNM 1.01 / 661, 31 / 10 / 2002, Isla Lobos 1 (Mazatlán, Sinaloa), 5 m (23 ◦ 13 ′ 49 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 27 ′ 43 ′′ W). Paratypes: 653-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 29 / 10 / 2002, Isla Lobos 1 (Mazatlán, Sinaloa) 4 m (23 ◦ 13 ′ 49 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 27 ′ 43 ′′ W). 655-LEB- ICML-UNAM, 31 / 10 / 2002, Isla Lobos 1 (Mazatlán, Sinaloa), 5 m (23 ◦ 13 ′ 49 ′′ N, 106 ◦ 27 ′ 43 ′′ W). 1505-LEB-ICML-UNAM, 11 / 10 / 2006, Cueva Marietas (Bahia Banderas, Nayarit), 11 m (20 ◦ 42 ′ 1 ′′ N, 105 ◦ 33 ′ 57 ′′ W).    Description   
Encrusting sponge, size 3–4 cm length × 1–3 cm width and 5–7 mm thick growing over rocks. Oscules and ostia not visible. Surface hispid. Consistency fleshy and difficult to tear. Colour in life black or dark brown, pale in preservation (Figure 14D).   Skeleton   
 Straight choanosomal subtylostyles in two categories: 700–1625 × 7.5–20 µm (Figures 21A, B, 22A) and 110–375 × 2.5–10 µm (Figures 21C, 22A). Acanthostyles with short recurved spines in two sizes: 200–390 × 7.5–20 µm (Figures 21D, 22B) and 60–190 × 2.5–12.5 µm (Figures 21E, 22B). Straight or curved subectosomal styles / anisoxeas: 260–520 × 1.75–5 µm (Figures 21F, 22C) (Table 11). The ectosomal skeleton is absent. The choanosomal skeleton is hymedesmoid. Main subtylostyles and acanthostyles are embedded in a spongin layer. The styles / anisoxeas are dispersed in the subectosomal region (Figure 22D).    Remarks   
 Eurypon brunus sp. nov. is a subtidal species from the Mexican Pacific Ocean. It is characterized by having subtylostyles in two categories, acanthostyles in two sizes and subectosomal styles / anisoxeas. The only species assigned to this genus which have these characteristics are Eurypon miniaceum (Thiele 1905) and Eurypon graphidiophora (Hentschel 1911) (Table 12). Eurypon miniaceum (Thiele 1905) is a red encrusting sponge described from Calbuco (Chile) at 30 m depth. This species has choanosomal tylostyles in three categories 2000–3000 × 30 µm; 800 × 30 µm; and > 120 µm), acanthostyles (120 µm) and subectosomal styles (550 × 5 µm). Eurypon brunus sp. nov. has the acanthostyles I longer than in E. miniaceum. Eurypon graphidiophora (Hentschel 1911) is a grey encrusting sponge described from Australia. This species has straight or curved styles (280–1500 × 7–11 µm), acanthostyles (48–88 × 5 µm) and ectosomal rhapides / styles (350–400 × 2–3 µm). The acanthostyles are longer in E. brunus sp. nov. than in E. graphidiophora.    Etymology   
 Named brunus, which means brown in Latin.
description: Published as part of Aguilar-Camacho, Jose Maria & Carballo, Jose Luis, 2013, Raspailiidae (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida) from the Mexican Pacific Ocean with the description of seven new species, pp. 1663-1706 in Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) (J. Nat. Hist.) 47 (25 - 28) on pages 1692-1695, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2013.769642, http://zenodo.org/record/4607504