cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Abelian and non-Abelian topological behavior of a neutral spin-1/2 particle in a background magnetic field
Creators: name: Zygelman, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a numerical experiment in which a neutral spin-1/2 particle subjected to a static magnetic vortex field passes through a double-slit barrier. We demonstrate that the resulting interference pattern on a detection screen exhibits fringes reminiscent of Aharonov-Bohm scattering by a magnetic flux tube. To gain better understanding of the observed behavior, we provide analytic solutions for a neutral spin-1/2 rigid planar rotor in the aforementioned magnetic field. We demonstrate how that system exhibits a non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm effect due to the emergence of an effective Wu-Yang (WY)flux tube. We study the behavior of the gauge invariant partition function and demonstrate a topological phase transition for the spin-1/2 planar rotor. We provide an expression for the partition function in which its dependence on the Wilson loop integral of the WY gauge potential is explicit. We generalize to a spin-1 system in order to explore the Wilzcek-Zee (WZ) mechanism in a full quantum setting. We show how degeneracy can be lifted by higher order gauge corrections that alter the semi-classical, non-Abelian, WZ phase. Models that allow analytic description offer a foil to objections that question the fidelity of predictions based on the generalized Born-Oppenheimer approximation in atomic and molecular systems. Though the primary focus of this study concerns the emergence of gauge structure in neutral systems, the theory is also applicable to systems that posses electric charge. In that case, we explore interference between fundamental gauge fields (i.e. electromagnetism) with effective gauge potentials. We propose a possible laboratory demonstration for the latter in an ion trap setting. We illustrate how effective gauge potentials influence wave-packet revivals in the said ion trap.
Integrated assessment of the environmental, economic and social impacts of land use change using a GIS format – the CLUES model
Creators: name: Harris, Simon
name: Elliott, Sandy
name: McBride, Graham
name: Shankar, Ude
name: Quinn, John
name: Wheeler, David
name: Wedderburn, Liz
name: Hewitt, Allan
name: Gibb, Robert
name: Parfitt, Roger
name: Clothier, Brent
name: Green, Steve
name: Munguia, Oscar Montes De Oca
name: Dake, Chris K.G.
name: Rys, Gerald
name: Harris, Simon
name: Elliott, Sandy
name: McBride, Graham
name: Shankar, Ude
name: Quinn, John
name: Wheeler, David
name: Wedderburn, Liz
name: Hewitt, Allan
name: Gibb, Robert
name: Parfitt, Roger
name: Clothier, Brent
name: Green, Steve
name: Munguia, Oscar Montes De Oca
name: Dake, Chris K.G.
name: Rys, Gerald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: sustainability indicators
subject: catchment models
subject: water quality
subject: economic impacts
subject: land use change

description: The CLUES model is an integrated catchment based model that designed to assist policy makers in understanding the implications of land use scenarios for water quality and a range of other indicators. CLUES integrates a number of existing models from several research providers, including SPARROW (catchment hydrology), OVERSEER and SPASMO (nutrient losses), ENSUS (nitrate leaching risk), and a socioeconomic model. These are combined in a GIS framework which allows scenarios of land use to be assessed in a spatial manner. Regional council staff have been trained in its use, and the model is under ongoing development in response to feedback from users. This paper discusses the overall framework of the CLUES model, and discusses in greater depth the socio-economic components and their integration with the biophysical models.
Heating (Gapless) Color-Flavor Locked Quark Matter
Creators: name: Fukushima, Kenji
name: Kouvaris, Chris
name: Rajagopal, Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the phase diagram of neutral quark matter at high baryon density as a function of the temperature T and the strange quark mass Ms. At T=0, there is a sharp distinction between the insulating color-flavor locked (CFL) phase, which occurs where Ms^2/mu < 2 Delta, and the metallic gapless CFL phase, which occurs at larger Ms^2/mu. Here, mu is the chemical potential for quark number and Delta is the gap in the CFL phase. We find this distinction blurred at nonzero T, as the CFL phase undergoes an insulator-to-metal crossover when it is heated. We present an analytic treatment of this crossover. At higher temperatures, we map out the phase transition lines at which the gap parameters Delta_1, Delta_2 and Delta_3 describing ds-pairing, us-pairing and ud-pairing respectively, go to zero in an NJL model. For small values of Ms^2/mu, we find that Delta_2 vanishes first, then Delta_1, then Delta_3. We find agreement with a previous Ginzburg-Landau analysis of the form of these transitions and find quantitative agreement with results obtained in full QCD at asymptotic density for ratios of coefficients in the Ginzburg-Landau potential. At larger Ms^2/mu, we find that Delta_1 vanishes first, then Delta_2, then Delta_3. Hence, we find a "doubly critical'' point in the (Ms^2/mu,T)-plane at which two lines of second order phase transitions (Delta_1->0 and Delta_2->0) cross. Because we do not make any small-Ms approximation, if we choose a relatively strong coupling leading to large gap parameters, we are able to pursue the analysis of the phase diagram all the way up to such large values of Ms that there are no strange quarks present.
description: 24 pages; 22 figures; typos in labelling of Figs. 7, 20 corrected
ESM methods and figures from Coral tentacle elasticity promotes an out-of-phase motion that improves mass transfer
Creators: name: Malul, Dror
name: Roi Holzman
name: Shavit, Uri
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Corals rely almost exclusively on the ambient flow of water to support their respiration, photosynthesis, prey capture, heat exchange and reproduction. Coral tentacles extend to the flow, interact with it and oscillate under the influence of waves. Such oscillating motions of flexible appendages are considered adaptive for reducing the drag force on flexible animals in wave-swept environments, but their significance under slower flows is unclear. Using in situ and laboratory measurements of the motion of coral tentacles under wave-induced flow, we investigated the dynamics of the tentacle motion and its impact on mass transfer. We found that tentacle velocity preceded the water velocity by approximately one-quarter of a period. This out-of-phase behaviour enhanced mass transfer at the tentacle tip by up to 25% as compared with an in-phase motion. The enhancement was most pronounced under flows slower than 3.2 cm s−1, which are prevalent in many coral-reef environments. We found that the out-of-phase motion results from the tentacles' elasticity, which can presumably be modified by the animal. Our results suggest that the mechanical properties of coral tentacles may represent an adaptive advantage that improves mass transfer under the limiting conditions of slow ambient flows. Because the mechanism we describe operates by enhancing convective processes, it is expected to enhance other fitness-determining transport phenomena such as heat exchange and particle capture.
Triply degenerate nodal lines in topological and non-topological metals
Creators: name: Liu, Zhihai
name: Wang, Luyang
name: Yao, Dao-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological nodal-line semimetals exhibit double or fourfold degenerate nodal lines, which are protected by symmetries. Here, we investigate the possibility of the existence of triply degenerate nodal lines in metals. We present two types of triply degenerate nodal lines, one topologically trivial and the other nontrivial. The first type is stacked by two-dimensional pseudospin-1 fermions, which can be viewed as an critical case of a tunable band-crossing line structure that contains a symmetry-protected quadratic band-crossing line and a non-degenerate band, and can split into four Weyl nodal lines under perturbations. We find that surface states of the nodal line structure are dependent on the geometry of the lattice and the surface termination. Such a metal has a nesting of Fermi surface in a range of filling, resulting in a density-wave state when interaction is included. The second type is a vortex ring of pseudospin-1 fermions. In this system, the pseudospins form Skyrmion textures, and the surface states are fully extended topological Fermi arcs so that the model exhibits 3D quantum anomalous Hall effect with a maximal Hall conductivity. The vortex ring can evolve into a pair of vortex lines that are not closed in the first Brillouin zone. A vortex line cannot singly exist in the lattice model if it is the only nodal feature of the system.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
An intra- & inter-provincial analysis of the Fair Pharmacare policy in British Columbia
Creators: name: Coombes, Megan Eileen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the wake of several recommendations for a national approach to pharmacare, the provincial government of British Columbia made the most significant changes to its PharmaCare program in over two decades. On May 1, 2003, two major PharmaCare plans - the seniors' plan and the universal plan - were combined into a single income-tested plan known as "Fair PharmaCare". Through semi-structured interviews with seventeen policy makers I gathered insights about the fairness principles underlying this policy change. Based on the fairness objectives described by these participants, I aimed to evaluate whether the new pharmacare model would achieve its goals. Through simulations I estimated the distribution of financial burdens that would occur under the pre- and post-pharmacare models by applying the cost-sharing rules to hypothetical family types. The family compositions, income levels, and drug expenditures were selected to represent distributions of these variables drawn from real-world data sources—including the 2001 Census and provincial drug expenditure reports. Comparing the Fair PharmaCare model to the other nine provincial pharmacare models across Canada extended the analysis. Contrasted against the old pharmacare model in BC, Fair PharmaCare better protects against extremely high drug costs and better targets subsidies at low-income households. However, this is achieved at the expense of seniors predominantly, who will receive much less coverage for modest drug costs, than in the past. Compared to other provincial pharmacare models in Canada, Fair PharmaCare effectively protects against catastrophic drug costs. Universal models that employ income based maximum contribution limits best protect against catastrophic drug costs, while less comprehensive models in Atlantic Canada, and premium-based models in Quebec and Alberta, provide poorer protection.
ESM File 4: Supplementary Fig 1 from Flexibility in an emergency life-history stage: acute food deprivation prevents sickness behaviour but not the immune response
Creators: name: Wilsterman, Kathryn
name: Mattina Alonge
name: Ernst, Darcy K.
name: Limber, Cody
name: Treidel, Lisa A.
name: Bentley, George E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Boxplots of all traits measured and summarized with linear mixed models in Table 1
Modeling the Regional Economic Impacts of the 2007/08 Drought: Results and Lessons
Creators: name: Butcher, G.V
name: Ford, Stuart
name: Butcher, G.V
name: Ford, Stuart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Economic Impact
subject: Drought
subject: Modeling

description: The 2007-08 drought affected a large area of New Zealand. This paper describes the analytical framework used to estimate the associated regional and national economic impacts. Results suggest that calculating drought economic impacts by applying standard farming industry multipliers to changes in farm gate output can greatly overstate both regional and national economic impacts. Calculating impacts using differences between forecast and actual farm production and expenditure by farm type is both feasible and produces far more reliable impact estimates.
Network analyses reveal negative link between changes in adipose tissue GDF15 and BMI during dietary-induced weight loss
Creators: name: Imbert, Alyssa
name: Vialaneix, Nathalie
name: Marquis, Julien
name: Vion, Julie
name: Charpagne, Aline
name: Metairon, Sylviane
name: Laurens, Claire
name: Moro, Cedric
name: Boulet, Nathalie
name: Walter, Ondine
name: Lefebvre, Grégory
name: Hager, Jörg
name: Langin, Dominique
name: Saris, Wim
name: Astrup, Arne
name: Viguerie, Nathalie
name: Valsesia, Armand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adipose tissue (AT) transcriptome studies provide holistic pictures of adaptation to weight and related bioclinical settings changes. Objective To implement AT gene expression profiling and investigate the link between changes in bioclinical parameters and AT gene expression during 3 steps of a 2-phase dietary intervention (DI). Methods AT transcriptome profiling was obtained from sequencing 1051 samples, corresponding to 556 distinct individuals enrolled in a weight loss intervention (8-week low-calorie diet (LCD) at 800 kcal/day) followed with a 6-month ad libitum randomized DI. Transcriptome profiles obtained with QuantSeq sequencing were benchmarked against Illumina RNAseq. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to further confirm associations. Cell specificity was assessed using freshly isolated cells and THP-1 cell line. Results During LCD, 5 modules were found, of which 3 included at least 1 bioclinical variable. Change in body mass index (BMI) connected with changes in mRNA level of genes with inflammatory response signature. In this module, change in BMI was negatively associated with changes in expression of genes encoding secreted protein (GDF15, CCL3, and SPP1). Through all phases of the DI, change in GDF15 was connected to changes in SPP1, CCL3, LIPA and CD68. Further characterization showed that these genes were specific to macrophages (with LIPA, CD68 and GDF15 expressed in anti-inflammatory macrophages) and GDF15 also expressed in preadipocytes. Conclusion Network analyses identified a novel AT feature with GDF15 upregulated with calorie restriction induced weight loss, concomitantly to macrophage markers. In AT, GDF15 was expressed in preadipocytes and macrophages where it was a hallmark of anti-inflammatory cells.
Pleiades or Not? Resolving the Status of the Lithium Rich M Dwarfs HHJ339 and HHJ430
Creators: name: Stauffer, John
name: Barrado, Davide
name: David, Trevor
name: Rebull, Luisa
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne
name: Mamajek, Eric
name: Oppenheimer, Rebecca
name: Aigrain, Suzanne
name: Bouy, Herve
name: Lillo-Box, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oppenheimer et al. (1997) discovered two M5 dwarfs in the Pleiades with nearly primordial lithium. These stars are not low enough in mass to represent the leading edge of the lithium depletion boundary at Pleiades age (~125 Myr). A possible explanation for the enhanced lithium in these stars is that they are actually not members of the Pleiades but instead are members of a younger moving group seen in projection towards the Pleiades. We have used data from Gaia DR2 to confirm that these two stars, HHJ 339 and HHJ 430, are indeed not members of the Pleiades. Based on their space motions, parallaxes and positions in a Gaia-based CMD, it is probable that these two stars are about 40 parsecs foreground to the Pleiades and have ages of ~25 Myr. Kinematically they are best matched to the 32 Ori moving group.
description: Accepted by AJ
Non-Gaussianity from Preheating
Creators: name: Enqvist, Kari
name: Jokinen, Asko
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
name: Multamaki, Tuomas
name: Vaihkonen, Antti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-field model for inflation where the second order metric perturbations can be amplified by a parametric resonance during preheating. We demonstrate that there can arise a considerable enhancement of non-Gaussianity sourced by the local terms generated through the coupled perturbations. We argue that the non-Gaussianity parameter could be as large as f_{NL} ~ 50. Our results may provide a useful test of preheating in future CMB experiments.
description: 4 pages ReVTeX4, discussion and references added, conclusions unchanged
Urban Water Restrictions: Attitudes, Information and Willingness to Pay
Creators: name: Cooper, Bethany
name: Crase, Lin
name: Cooper, Bethany
name: Crase, Lin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Urban water restrictions
subject: water policy
subject: contingent valuation

description: In most urban cities across Australia, water restrictions remain the dominant policy mechanism to restrict urban water consumption. The extensive adoption of water restrictions over several years means that Australian urban water prices have consistently not reflected the opportunity cost of water (Edwards 2008). Given the generally strong political support for water restrictions and the likelihood that they will persist for some time, there is value in understanding householders’ attitudes in this context. More specifically, identifying the welfare estimate associated with avoiding urban water restrictions entirely would be a non-trivial contribution to our knowledge of the costs that attend them. This paper employs the results from the stated preference technique contingent valuation to investigate consumers’ willingness to pay to avoid urban water restrictions. It also investigates the influence that cognitive and exogenous dimensions have on utility gain associated with avoiding water restrictions. Accordingly, discussion provides some salutary insights into the impact of this policy mechanism on economic welfare.
The Carbon Challenge for Mixed Enterprise Farms
Creators: name: Kingwell, Ross S.
name: Kingwell, Ross S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: agriculture
subject: greenhouse gases
subject: economic modelling
subject: sequestration

description: As part of its climate change policy the Australian government has introduced a Mandatory Renewable Energy Target (MRET) scheme and is also attempting to introduce a Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS). Using as a case study a main agricultural region of Australia, this paper examines how farming systems in this region may be affected by the medium term policy settings of these two schemes. A bio-economic model of the region’s farming systems is developed and used to assess the schemes’ impacts on the nature and profitability of the farming systems. Results show a range of profit and enterprise impacts across the range of farming systems. Farms as providers of biomass for electricity generation and small users of electricity are liable to benefit from the MRET scheme, with the extent of benefit depending on the price offered for biomass. By contrast, the CPRS is liable to more profoundly affect farming systems, especially if agriculture is included in the scheme. The impacts of the CPRS on agriculture are mostly conditional on: the amount of free permits allocated to agriculture, the value of trees as carbon sinks, the extent of pass-through of CPRS-related costs onto agriculture and emission permit prices. Dependent on these factors, farm profits can increase by up to 20 percent or decrease by over 30 percent, relative to the ‘no CPRS’ or ‘business-as-usual’ case. If agriculture is covered by the CPRS, and emission permits and tree growth rates are sufficiently high then optimal farm plans typically involve a combination of reduced livestock numbers, the planting of permanent stands of trees on marginal farmland and other changes to the enterprise mix on farms that reduce emissions.
First AMBER/VLTI observations of hot massive stars
Creators: name: Petrov, R. G.
name: Millour, F.
name: Chesneau, O.
name: Weigelt, G.
name: Bonneau, D.
name: Stee, Ph.
name: Kraus, S.
name: Mourard, D.
name: Meilland, A.
name: Malbet, F.
name: Lisi, F.
name: Kern, P.
name: Beckmann, U.
name: Lagarde, S.
name: Gennari, S.
name: Lecoarer, E.
name: Driebe, Th.
name: Accardo, M.
name: Robbe-Dubois, S.
name: Ohnaka, K.
name: Busoni, S.
name: Roussel, A.
name: Zins, G.
name: Behrend, J.
name: Ferruzi, D.
name: Bresson, Y.
name: Duvert, G.
name: Nussbaum, E.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Feautrier, Ph.
name: Dugué, M.
name: Chelli, A.
name: Tatulli, E.
name: Heininger, M.
name: Delboulbé, A.
name: Bonhomme, S.
name: Schertl, D.
name: Testi, L.
name: Mathias, Ph.
name: Monin, J. -L.
name: Gluck, L.
name: Hofmann, K. H.
name: Salinari, P.
name: Puget, P.
name: Clausse, J. -M.
name: Fraix-Burnet, D.
name: Foy, R.
name: Isella, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AMBER is the first near infrared focal instrument of the VLTI. It combines three telescopes and produces spectrally resolved interferometric measures. This paper discusses some preliminary results of the first scientific observations of AMBER with three Unit Telescopes at medium (1500) and high (12000) spectral resolution. We derive a first set of constraints on the structure of the circumstellar material around the Wolf Rayet Gamma2 Velorum and the LBV Eta Carinae.
Proportional Conflict Redistribution Rules for Information Fusion
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
name: Dezert, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4

description: In this paper we propose five versions of a Proportional Conflict Redistribution rule (PCR) for information fusion together with several examples. From PCR1 to PCR2, PCR3, PCR4, PCR5 one increases the complexity of the rules and also the exactitude of the redistribution of conflicting masses. PCR1 restricted from the hyper-power set to the power set and without degenerate cases gives the same result as the Weighted Average Operator (WAO) proposed recently by Jøsang, Daniel and Vannoorenberghe but does not satisfy the neutrality property of vacuous belief assignment. That's why improved PCR rules are proposed in this paper. PCR4 is an improvement of minC and Dempster's rules. The PCR rules redistribute the conflicting mass, after the conjunctive rule has been applied, proportionally with some functions depending on the masses assigned to their corresponding columns in the mass matrix. There are infinitely many ways these functions (weighting factors) can be chosen depending on the complexity one wants to deal with in specific applications and fusion systems. Any fusion combination rule is at some degree ad-hoc.
description: 41 pages
Crossover in the dynamical critical exponent of a quenched two-dimensional Bose gas
Creators: name: Groszek, Andrew J.
name: Comaron, Paolo
name: Proukakis, Nikolaos P.
name: Billam, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase ordering dynamics of a uniform Bose gas in two dimensions following a quench into the ordered phase. We explore the crossover between dissipative and conservative evolution by performing numerical simulations within the classical field methodology. Regardless of the dissipation strength, we find clear evidence for universal scaling, with dynamical critical exponent $z$ characterising the growth of the correlation length. In the dissipative limit we find growth consistent with the logarithmically corrected law $[t/\log(t/t_0)]^{1/z}$, and exponent $z=2$, in agreement with previous studies. Decreasing the dissipation towards the conservative limit, we find strong numerical evidence for the expected growth law $t^{1/z}$. However, we observe a smooth crossover in $z$ that converges to an anomalous value distinctly lower than $2$ at a small finite dissipation strength. We show that this lower exponent may be attributable to a power-law vortex mobility arising from vortex--sound interactions.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures. Content the same as published version
Impurity and boundary effects in one and two-dimensional inhomogeneous Heisenberg antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Assis, P. E. G.
name: Libero, Valter L.
name: Capelle, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the ground-state energy of one and two-dimensional spatially inhomogeneous antiferromagnetic Heisenberg models for spins 1/2, 1, 3/2 and 2. Our calculations become possible as a consequence of the recent formulation of density-functional theory for Heisenberg models. The method is similar to spin-density-functional theory, but employs a local-density-type approximation designed specifically for the Heisenberg model, allowing us to explore parameter regimes that are hard to access by traditional methods, and to consider complications that are important specifically for nanomagnetic devices, such as the effects of impurities, finite-size, and boundary geometry, in chains, ladders, and higher-dimensional systems.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. B
Predictability and Fairness in Social Sensing
Creators: name: Ghosh, Ramen
name: Marecek, Jakub
name: Griggs, Wynita M.
name: Souza, Matheus
name: Shorten, Robert N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the design of distributed algorithms that govern the manner in which agents contribute to a social sensing platform. Specifically, we are interested in situations where fairness among the agents contributing to the platform is needed. A notable example are platforms operated by public bodies, where fairness is a legal requirement. The design of such distributed systems is challenging due to the fact that we wish to simultaneously realise an efficient social sensing platform, but also deliver a predefined quality of service to the agents (for example, a fair opportunity to contribute to the platform). In this paper, we introduce iterated function systems (IFS) as a tool for the design and analysis of systems of this kind. We show how the IFS framework can be used to realise systems that deliver a predictable quality of service to agents, can be used to underpin contracts governing the interaction of agents with the social sensing platform, and which are efficient. To illustrate our design via a use case, we consider a large, high-density network of participating parked vehicles. When awoken by an administrative centre, this network proceeds to search for moving missing entities of interest using RFID-based techniques. We regulate which vehicles are actively searching for the moving entity of interest at any point in time. In doing so, we seek to equalise vehicular energy consumption across the network. This is illustrated through simulations of a search for a missing Alzheimer's patient in Melbourne, Australia. Experimental results are presented to illustrate the efficacy of our system and the predictability of access of agents to the platform independent of initial conditions.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Gemini Deep Deep Survey VI: Massive Hdelta-strong galaxies at z=1
Creators: name: Borgne, Damien Le
name: Abraham, Roberto
name: Daniel, Kathryne
name: McCarthy, Patrick
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Savaglio, Sandra
name: Crampton, David
name: Juneau, Stephanie
name: Carlberg, Ray
name: Chen, Hsiao-Wen
name: Marzke, Ronald O.
name: Roth, Kathy
name: Jorgensen, Inger
name: Murowinski, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there has been a dramatic decline in the abundance of massive galaxies with strong Hdelta stellar absorption lines from z=1.2 to the present. These ``Hdelta-strong'', or HDS, galaxies have undergone a recent and rapid break in their star-formation activity. Combining data from the Gemini Deep Deep and the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys to make mass-matched samples (M*>=10^10.2 Msun), with 25 and 50,255 galaxies, respectively), we find that the fraction of galaxies in an HDS phase has decreased from about 50% at z=1.2 to a few percent today. This decrease in fraction is due to an actual decrease in the number density of massive HDS systems by a factor of 2-4, coupled with an increase in the number density of massive galaxies by about 30 percent. We show that this result depends only weakly on the threshold chosen for the Hdelta equivalent width to define HDS systems (if greater than 4 A) and corresponds to a (1+z)^{2.5\pm 0.7} evolution. Spectral synthesis studies of the high-redshift population using the PEGASE code, treating Hdelta_A, EW[OII], Dn4000, and rest-frame colors, favor models in which the Balmer absorption features in massive Hdelta-strong systems are the echoes of intense episodes of star-formation that faded about 1 Gyr prior to the epoch of observation. The z=1.4-2 epoch appears to correspond to a time at which massive galaxies are in transition from a mode of sustained star formation to a relatively quiescent mode with weak and rare star-formation episodes. We argue that the most likely local descendants of the distant massive HDS galaxies are passively evolving massive galaxies in the field and small groups.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, uses emulateapj.sty; updated to match the version accepted by ApJ. One figure added, conclusions unchanged
Improving Vocabulary Mastery Using Intralingual Subtitle and Vocabulary Self-Collection Strategy.pdf
Creators: name: Utomo, Dias Tiara Putri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130204 English and Literacy Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. LOTE, ESL and TESOL)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 200303 English as a Second Language
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200302 English Language

description: As one of the language components, vocabulary is an essential factor to master language skills. However, learning vocabulary is assumed to be a boring activity that the students are not interested in. This research aims at improving students’ vocabulary mastery using intralingual subtitle and vocabulary self-collection strategy. A classroom action research was carried out to solve the seventh (7th) graders’ problems regarding vocabulary mastery. The subjects of the study were 35 students of seventh grade at one of the junior high schools in Malang. The instruments used in this study were an interview guide for the English teacher, observation notes,questionnaire, and vocabulary tests. The researcher set the criteria of success 75% of the students achieved a score equal or higher than 75 in the vocabulary test and 75% of the students showed positive responses toward the implementation of the strategy. The result of the study showed that (1) 83% of the students or 29 out of 35 students achieved score equal or higher than 75, indicating that the use of intralingual subtitle and vocabulary self-collection strategy improved students’ vocabulary mastery, (2) there were 5 (five) major steps in implementing intralingual subtitle and vocabulary self-collection strategy to improve students’ vocabulary mastery, (3) 90% of the students showed the positive responses to the implementation of the strategy.
Woodsquat : a sociological analysis
Creators: name: Berretta, Thea Michelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Downtown Eastside neighborhood of Vancouver, British Columbia, is a contested zone of municipal, community, health, political and social debate. In the fall of 2002, these tensions erupted with the creation of a squat at 101 West Hastings, also known as the Woodward's building, created by the Vancouver affordable housing social movement. Using photographs, oral interviews, in addition to Vancouver Sun newspaper articles and a squatters' diary this comparative- qualitative methodological study creates a written history, while also formulating a sociological analysis of the Woodward's building squat and affordable housing social movement that occurred from September 14, 2002 to December 14, 2002. This critical investigation examines the Woodward's squat and affordable housing social movement employing the theories of social constructionism, sociological framing and journalistic framing. In particular, the meanings, framings and constructions of the squat and movement that are evident in the squatter's diary are compared to the understandings and images of the squat and movement offered by the local media, The Vancouver Sun newspaper. The analysis of the two documents reveals that the framings of the squat and affordable housing social movement argued and publicized by the Vancouver affordable housing social movement are not supported and reproduced by the framings of the squat and movement in The Vancouver Sun. Key words: Squatting, homelessness, historical research, framing theory, Vancouver Downtown Eastside community and housing.
Squeezing the window on isocurvature modes with the Lyman-alpha forest
Creators: name: Beltran, Maria
name: Garcia-Bellido, Juan
name: Lesgourgues, Julien
name: Viel, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various recent studies proved that cosmological models with a significant contribution from cold dark matter isocurvature perturbations are still compatible with most recent data on cosmic microwave background anisotropies and on the shape of the galaxy power spectrum, provided that one allows for a very blue spectrum of primordial entropy fluctuations (n_iso > 2). However, such models predict an excess of matter fluctuations on small scales, typically below 40 Mpc/h. We show that the proper inclusion of high-resolution high signal-to-noise Lyman-alpha forest data excludes most of these models. The upper bound on the isocurvature fraction alpha=f_iso^2/(1+f_iso^2), defined at the pivot scale k_0=0.05/Mpc, is pushed down to alpha<0.4, while n_iso=1.9+-1.0 (95% confidence limits). We also study the bounds on curvaton models characterized by maximal correlation between curvature and isocurvature modes, and a unique spectral tilt for both. We find that f_iso<0.05 (95% c.l.) in that case. For double inflation models with two massive inflatons coupled only gravitationally, the mass ratio should obey R < 3 (95% c.l.).
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Some references added. PRD in press
Slow magnetosonic wave absorption by pressure induced ionization-recombination dissipation
Creators: name: Mishonov, Todor M.
name: Varonov, Albert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new mechanisms for damping of slow magnetosonic waves (SMW) by pressure induced oscillations of the ionization degree is proposed. An explicit formula for the damping rate is quantitatively derived. Physical conditions where the new mechanism will dominate are briefly discussed. The ionization-recombination damping is frequency independent and has no hydrodynamic interpretation. Roughly speaking large area of partially ionized plasma are damper for basses of SMW while usual MHD mechanisms operate as a low pass filter. The derived damping rate is proportional to the square of the sine between the constant magnetic field and the wave-vector. Angular distribution of the spectral density of SMW and Alfvén waves (AW) created by turbulent regions and passing through large regions of partially ionized plasma is qualitatively considered. The calculated damping rate is expressed by the electron impact cross section of the hydrogen atom and in short all details of the proposed damping mechanisms are well studied.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Nonlinear evolution of r-modes: the role of differential rotation
Creators: name: Sá, Paulo M.
name: Tomé, Brigitte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has shown that differential rotation, producing large scale drifts of fluid elements along stellar latitudes, is an unavoidable feature of r-modes in the nonlinear theory. We investigate the role of this differential rotation in the evolution of the l=2 r-mode instability of a newly born, hot, rapidly rotating neutron star. It is shown that the amplitude of the r-mode saturates a few hundred seconds after the mode instability sets in. The saturation amplitude depends on the amount of differential rotation at the time the instability becomes active and can take values much smaller than unity. It is also shown that, independently of the saturation amplitude of the mode, the star spins down to rotation rates that are comparable to the inferred initial rotation rates of the fastest pulsars associated with supernova remnants. Finally, it is shown that, when the drift of fluid elements at the time the instability sets in is significant, most of the initial angular momentum of the star is transferred to the r-mode and, consequently, almost none is carried away by gravitational radiation.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Subdiffusive axial transport of granular materials in a long drum mixer
Creators: name: Khan, Zeina S.
name: Morris, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Granular mixtures rapidly segregate radially by size when tumbled in a partially filled horizontal drum. The smaller component moves toward the axis of rotation and forms a buried core, which then splits into axial bands. Models have generally assumed that the axial segregation is opposed by diffusion. Using narrow pulses of the smaller component as initial conditions, we have characterized axial transport in the core. We find that the axial advance of the segregated core is well described by a self-similar concentration profile whose width scales as $t^α$, with $α\sim 0.3 < 1/2$. Thus, the process is subdiffusive rather than diffusive as previously assumed. We find that $α$ is nearly independent of the grain type and drum rotation rate within the smoothly streaming regime. We compare our results to two one-dimensional PDE models which contain self-similarity and subdiffusion; a linear fractional diffusion model and the nonlinear porous medium equation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Submitted to Phys Rev Lett. For more info, see http://www.physics.utoronto.ca/nonlinear/
Nucleon Gluon Distribution Function from 2+1+1-Flavor Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Fan, Zhouyou
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Lin, Huey-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parton distribution functions (PDFs) provide process-independent information about the quarks and gluons inside hadrons. Although the gluon PDF can be obtained from a global fit to experimental data, it is not constrained well in the large-$x$ region. Theoretical gluon-PDF studies are much fewer than those of the quark PDFs. In this work, we present the first lattice-QCD results that access the $x$-dependence of the gluon unpolarized PDF of the nucleon. The lattice calculation is carried out with nucleon momenta up to 2.16 GeV, lattice spacing $a\approx0.12$ fm, with valence pion masses of 310 and 690 MeV. We use reduced Ioffe-time distributions to cancel the renormalization and implement a one-loop perturbative pseudo-PDF matching to the lightcone distribution. Our matrix element results in coordinate space are consistent with those obtained from the global PDF fits of CT18 NNLO and NNPDF3.1 NNLO. Our fitted gluon PDF extrapolated to the physical pion mass gives consistent results in the $x > 0.3$ region.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Geometric Cluster Algorithm for Interacting Fluids
Creators: name: Luijten, Erik
name: Liu, Jiwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a new Monte Carlo algorithm for the simulation of complex fluids. This algorithm employs geometric operations to identify clusters of particles that can be moved in a rejection-free way. It is demonstrated that this geometric cluster algorithm (GCA) constitutes the continuum generalization of the Swendsen-Wang and Wolff cluster algorithms for spin systems. Because of its nonlocal nature, it is particularly well suited for the simulation of fluid systems containing particles of widely varying sizes. The efficiency improvement with respect to conventional simulation algorithms is a rapidly growing function of the size asymmetry between the constituents of the system. We study the cluster-size distribution for a Lennard-Jones fluid as a function of density and temperature and provide a comparison between the generalized GCA and the hard-core GCA for a size-asymmetric mixture with Yukawa-type couplings.
description: To appear in "Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed-Matter Physics XVII". Edited by D.P. Landau, S.P. Lewis and H.B. Schuettler. Springer, Heidelberg, 2005
HUNGARIAN RENEWABLE ENERGYSTRATEGY AND THE UPRISE OF THE COUNTRYSIDE
Creators: name: Gergely, Sandor
name: Gergely, Sandor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: renewable energy strategy
subject: rural development
subject: local benefits
subject: Renewable Energy Advisory Service
subject: uprise of the countryside
subject: megújuló energia stratégia
subject: vidékfejlesztés
subject: lokális fejlesztő hatás
subject: Megújuló Energia Tanácsadó Szolgálat
subject: vidék felemelkedése

description: While the development, processing and logistics of fossil resources is extremely concentrated and monopolysed, the production and utilisation of renewable energy – with the exception of larger hydroelectric plants – is deconcentrated. It is especially important that the renewable sources of energy available to us might play a decisive role in the uprise of the Hungarian countryside, as green energy production might be profitable even in areas where the land is less suitable for agriculture. There is a hot sea beneath 40% of the territory of the country. Energy derived from this sea could be used to attain various local and national goals. Utilising solar energy on a local scale is an opportunity to earn extra income, and opportunity which exists even in the most underprivileged villages and micro-regions. The national renewable energy strategy developed by the author would allow Hungary to cover 38.2% of its then 1300 PJ of energy consumption from renewable sources by 2030. It would also create 192 176 new, permanently sustainable jobs. ------------------------------------------------------- A megújuló energia helyi termelése és hasznosítása elősegíti az új energiahordozó-előállítási és hasznosítási paradigma térnyerését, amelynek az a lényege, hogy a nagy energiatermelő és -ellátó rendszerek mellett, és egyre inkább helyettük, létrejönnek a helyi igényeket kiszolgáló, túlnyomórészt helyben található erőforrásokat hasznosító, sokpólusú, egyenként kis kapacitású, ám együtt nagy hatóerejű megújuló energia termelő-szállító-elosztó-fogyasztó rendszerek. A jövő intelligens energiaellátó rendszere a megújuló energiaforrásokból és azok szétosztó rendszeréből áll. Különösen fontosnak tartjuk azt, hogy a rendelkezésünkre álló megújuló energiaforrások döntő jelentőségre tehetnek szert a magyar vidék felemelkedésében, hiszen a zöldenergia a gyengébb adottságú termőterületeken is haszonnal termelhető. Az ország 40%-a alatt forró tenger van, amelynek energiáját számos helyi és országos célra fel lehet és fel is kell használni. A napenergia helyi hasznosítása pedig olyan többlet jövedelemszerzési lehetőség, amelyet a leghátrányosabb helyzetű telepü¬léseken és kistérségekben is ki lehet aknázni.
On the complete integrability and linearization of certain second order nonlinear ordinary differential equations
Creators: name: Chandrasekar, V. K.
name: Senthilvelan, M.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method of finding general solutions of second-order nonlinear ordinary differential equations by extending the Prelle-Singer (PS) method is briefly discussed. We explore integrating factors, integrals of motion and the general solution associated with several dynamical systems discussed in the current literature by employing our modifications and extensions of the PS method. In addition to the above we introduce a novel way of deriving linearizing transformations from the first integrals to linearize the second order nonlinear ordinary differential equations to free particle equation. We illustrate the theory with several potentially important examples and show that our procedure is widely applicable.
description: Proceedings of the Royal Society London Series A (Accepted for publication) 25 pages, one table