cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Resilience of the quantum Rabi model in circuit QED
Creators: name: Manucharyan, Vladimir E.
name: Baksic, Alexandre
name: Ciuti, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In circuit quantum electrodynamics (circuit QED), an artificial "circuit atom" can couple to a quantized microwave radiation much stronger than its real atomic counterpart. The celebrated quantum Rabi model describes the simplest interaction of a two-level system with a single-mode boson field. When the coupling is large enough, the bare multilevel structure of a realistic circuit atom cannot be ignored even if the circuit is strongly anharmonic. We explored this situation theoretically for flux (fluxonium) and charge (Cooper pair box) type multi-level circuits tuned to their respective flux/charge degeneracy points. We identified which spectral features of the quantum Rabi model survive and which are renormalized for large coupling. Despite significant renormalization of the low-energy spectrum in the fluxonium case, the key quantum Rabi feature -- nearly-degenerate vacuum consisting of an atomic state entangled with a multi-photon field -- appears in both types of circuits when the coupling is sufficiently large. Like in the quantum Rabi model, for very large couplings the entanglement spectrum is dominated by only two, nearly equal eigenvalues, in spite of the fact that a large number of bare atomic states are actually involved in the atom-resonator ground state. We interpret the emergence of the two-fold degeneracy of the vacuum of both circuits as an environmental suppression of flux/charge tunneling due to their dressing by virtual low-/high-impedance photons in the resonator. For flux tunneling, the dressing is nothing else than the shunting of a Josephson atom with a large capacitance of the resonator. Suppression of charge tunneling is a manifestation of the dynamical Coulomb blockade of transport in tunnel junctions connected to resistive leads.
description: Invited manuscript (in press) for the Special Issue "Semi-classical and quantum Rabi models", Journal of Physics A
Remarks on critical metrics of the scalar curvature and volume functionals on compact manifolds with boundary
Creators: name: Baltazar, H.
name: Ribeiro, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a general Böchner type formula which enables us to prove some rigidity results for $V$-static spaces. In particular, we show that an $n$-dimensional positive static triple with connected boundary and positive scalar curvature must be isometric to the standard hemisphere, provided that the metric has zero radial Weyl curvature and satisfies a suitable pinching condition. Moreover, we classify $V$-static spaces with non-negative sectional curvature.
description: Fixed typos
Projekt SEXUS - en landsdækkende, prospektiv kohorteundersøgelse om samspillet mellem seksualitet og sundhed i Danmark
Creators: Statens Serum Institut
Morten Frisch
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: At belyse den seksuelle sundhed og samspillet mellem seksualitet og helbred i Danmark
Universal terms in the overlap of the ground state of the spin-1/2 XXZ chain with the Néel state
Creators: name: Brockmann, Michael
name: Stéphan, Jean-Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze universal terms that appear in the large system size scaling of the overlap between the Néel state and the ground state of the spin-1/2 XXZ chain in the antiferromagnetic regime. In a critical theory, the order one term of the asymptotics of such an overlap may be expressed in terms of $g$-factors, known in the context of boundary conformal field theory. In particular, for the XXZ model in its gapless phase, this term provides access to the Luttinger parameter. In its gapped phase, on the other hand, the order one term simply reflects the symmetry broken nature of the phase. In order to study the large system size scaling of this overlap analytically and to compute the order one term exactly, we use a recently derived finite-size determinant formula and perform an asymptotic expansion. Our analysis confirms the predictions of boundary conformal field theory and enables us to determine the exponent of the leading finite-size correction.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures, minor changes. Invited contribution to the special issue of J. Phys. A: "John Cardy's scale-invariant journey in low dimensions: a special issue for his 70th birthday"
Exact heat kernel on a hypersphere and its applications in kernel SVM
Creators: name: Zhao, Chenchao
name: Song, Jun S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Many contemporary statistical learning methods assume a Euclidean feature space. This paper presents a method for defining similarity based on hyperspherical geometry and shows that it often improves the performance of support vector machine compared to other competing similarity measures. Specifically, the idea of using heat diffusion on a hypersphere to measure similarity has been previously proposed, demonstrating promising results based on a heuristic heat kernel obtained from the zeroth order parametrix expansion; however, how well this heuristic kernel agrees with the exact hyperspherical heat kernel remains unknown. This paper presents a higher order parametrix expansion of the heat kernel on a unit hypersphere and discusses several problems associated with this expansion method. We then compare the heuristic kernel with an exact form of the heat kernel expressed in terms of a uniformly and absolutely convergent series in high-dimensional angular momentum eigenmodes. Being a natural measure of similarity between sample points dwelling on a hypersphere, the exact kernel often shows superior performance in kernel SVM classifications applied to text mining, tumor somatic mutation imputation, and stock market analysis.
title: Prediction Model Based on DoE and FTIR Data to Control Fast Setting and Early Shrinkage of Alkaline-Activated Slag/Silica Fume Blended Cementitious Material
Creators: name: Schade, Tim
name: Middendorf, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: alkali-activated materials
subject: FTIR
subject: shrinkage
subject: design of experiments
subject: 600
subject: Schrumpfen
subject: Versuchsplanung
subject: Schlacke
subject: Zement
subject: Schnellhärtung
subject: Stoffeigenschaft

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
The Heterogeneous Multiscale Finite Element Method for the Homogenization of Linear Elastic Solids and a Comparison with the FE$^2$ Method
Creators: name: Eidel, Bernhard
name: Fischer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 74G15, 74G65, 74Q05, 74Q15

description: The Heterogeneous Multiscale Finite Element Method (FE-HMM) is a two-scale FEM based on asymptotic homogenization for solving multiscale partial differential equations. It was introduced in [W. E and B. Engquist, \emph{Commun. Math. Sci.}, 1 (2003), 87--132]. The objective of the present work is an FE-HMM formulation for the homogenization of linear elastic solids in a geometrical linear frame, and doing so, for the first time, of a vector-valued field problem. A key ingredient of FE-HMM is that macrostiffness is estimated by stiffness sampling on heterogeneous microdomains in terms a of modified quadrature formula, which implies an equivalence of energy densities of the microscale with the macroscale. Beyond this coincidence with the Hill-Mandel macrohomogeneity condition, which is the cornerstone of the FE$^2$ method, we elaborate a conceptual comparison with the latter method. After developing an algorithmic framework we (i) assess the existing a priori convergence estimates for the micro- and macro-errors in various norms, (ii) verify optimal strategies in uniform micro-macro mesh refinements based on the estimates, (iii) analyze superconvergence properties of FE-HMM, and (iv) compare the numerical results of FE-HMM with those of FE$^2$.
Styrket implementering af Housing First
Creators: Socialstyrelsen
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: Formålet med vidensafdækningen er at styrke implementeringen af Housing First i de danske kommuner, herunder understøtte omlægningen af den kommunale indsats på hjemløshedsområdet til Housing First-tilgangen og de tre evidensbaserede bostøttemetoder, CTI, ICM og ACT. Vidensafdækningens primære fokus er at fremdrage læring på tværs af kommuner og lande. Det vil sige, at den afgrænser sig fra at evaluere den enkelte kommunes indsats med at implementere Housing First. Endvidere vil vidensafdækningen afgrænse sig fra at evaluere virkningen af Housing First på borgerniveau, da der allerede er valid evidens for positiv effekt i tidligere evalueringer.
Polynomial approximation of non-Gaussian unitaries by counting one photon at a time
Creators: name: Arzani, Francesco
name: Treps, Nicolas
name: Ferrini, Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum computation with continous-variable systems, quantum advantage can only be achieved if some non-Gaussian resource is available. Yet, non-Gaussian unitary evolutions and measurements suited for computation are challenging to realize in the lab. We propose and analyze two methods to apply a polynomial approximation of any unitary operator diagonal in the amplitude quadrature representation, including non-Gaussian operators, to an unknown input state. Our protocols use as a primary non-Gaussian resource a single-photon counter. We use the fidelity of the transformation with the target one on Fock and coherent states to assess the quality of the approximate gate.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Brugertilfredshedsundersøgelse på det specialiserede voksenområde
Creators: VIVE – Det Nationale Forsknings- og Analysecenter for Velfærd
Didde Cramer Jensen
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: VIVE har for Social- og Ældreministeriet gennemført en brugertilfredshedsundersøgelse blandt borgere på det specialiserede voksenområde. Målgruppen er borgere på 18 år eller derover med betydelig nedsat fysisk eller psykisk funktionsevne eller særlige sociale problemer, som modtager støtte efter SL §85, §§107-108.
Formålet med undersøgelsen er, at belyse brugertilfredsheden med en række specifikke borgerrettede ydelser, der leveres i forbindelse med den socialpædagogiske støtte, samt borgernes tilfredshed med visitationsprocessen og kontakt til de respektive visitationsmyndigheder.
Emission Noise and High Frequency Cut-Off of the Kondo Effect in a Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Delagrange, R.
name: Basset, J.
name: Bouchiat, H.
name: Deblock, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By coupling on chip a carbon nanotube to a quantum noise detector, a superconductor-insulator-superconductor junction, via a resonant circuit, we measure the emission noise of a carbon nanotube quantum dot in the Kondo regime. The signature of the Kondo effect in the current noise is measured for different ratios of the Kondo temperature over the measured frequency and for different asymmetries of the coupling to the contacts, and compared to finite frequency quantum noise calculations. Our results point towards the existence of a high frequency cut-off of the electronic emission noise associated with the Kondo resonance. This cut-off frequency is of the order of a few times the Kondo temperature when the electronic system is close to equilibrium, which is the case for a strongly asymmetric coupling. On the other hand, this cut-off is shifted to lower frequency in a symmetric coupling situation, where the bias voltage drives the Kondo state out-of-equilibrium. We then attribute the low frequency cut-off to voltage induced spin relaxation.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures and appendix
Landau Singularities from the Amplituhedron
Creators: name: Dennen, Tristan
name: Prlina, Igor
name: Spradlin, Marcus
name: Stanojevic, Stefan
name: Volovich, Anastasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple geometric algorithm for determining the complete set of branch points of amplitudes in planar N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory directly from the amplituhedron, without resorting to any particular representation in terms of local Feynman integrals. This represents a step towards translating integrands directly into integrals. In particular, the algorithm provides information about the symbol alphabets of general amplitudes. We illustrate the algorithm applied to the one- and two-loop MHV amplitudes.
description: 34 pages, 16 figures; v2: minor corrections and improvements
On the maximum principle for a time-fractional diffusion equation
Creators: name: Luchko, Yuri
name: Yamamoto, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A33, 35A05, 35B30, 35B50, 35C05, 35E05, 35L05, 45K05, 60E99

description: In this paper, we discuss the maximum principle for a time-fractional diffusion equation $$ \partial_t^αu(x,t) = \sum_{i,j=1}^n \partial_i(a_{ij}(x)\partial_j u(x,t)) + c(x)u(x,t) + F(x,t),\ t>0,\ x \in Ω\subset {\mathbb R}^n$$ with the Caputo time-derivative of the order $α\in (0,1)$ in the case of the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition. Compared to the already published results, our findings have two important special features. First, we derive a maximum principle for a suitably defined weak solution in the fractional Sobolev spaces, not for the strong solution. Second, for the non-negative source functions $F = F(x,t)$ we prove the non-negativity of the weak solution to the problem under consideration without any restrictions on the sign of the coefficient $c=c(x)$ by the derivative of order zero in the spatial differential operator. Moreover, we prove the monotonicity of the solution with respect to the coefficient $c=c(x)$.
description: 11 pages
Landsdækkende Undersøgelse af Patienter Somatik 2020
Creators: Center for Patientinddragelse
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: Formålet med LUP er, at:
• Identificere og sammenligne forskelle i patienters oplevelser inden for udvalgte temaer på tværs af landet.
• Følge udviklingen i patienters oplevelser og vurderinger systematisk over tid.
• Levere data til arbejdet med kvalitetsforbedringer, herunder målrettede oplysninger for de enkelte patientgrupper.
On the decay rate for the wave equation with viscoelastic boundary damping
Creators: name: Stahn, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 35L05 (Primary) 35P20, 47D06 (Secondary)

description: We consider the wave equation with a boundary condition of memory type. Under natural conditions on the acoustic impedance $\hat{k}$ of the boundary one can define a corresponding semigroup of contractions (Desch, Fasangova, Milota, Probst 2010). With the help of Tauberian theorems we establish energy decay rates via resolvent estimates on the generator $-\mathcal{A}$ of the semigroup. We reduce the problem of estimating the resolvent of $-\mathcal{A}$ to the problem of estimating the resolvent of the corresponding stationary problem. Under not too strict additional assumptions on $\hat{k}$ we establish an upper bound on the resolvent. For the wave equation on the interval or the disk we prove our estimates to be sharp.
description: 29 pages. We corrected an error in the formulation of Theorem 4(iii). This error has no influence on other parts of the paper. We extended the paper slightly by adding a characterization of the range of A (Section 3.4) in case 0 is a spectral point
Multi-component order parameter superconductivity of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ revealed by topological junctions
Creators: name: Anwar, M. S.
name: Ishiguro, R.
name: Nakamura, T.
name: Yakabe, M.
name: Yonezawa, S.
name: Takayanagi, H.
name: Maeno, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystals of the Sr$_2$RuO$_4$-Ru eutectic system are known to exhibit enhanced superconductivity at 3~K, in addition to the bulk superconductivity of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ at 1.5~K. The 1.5-K phase is believed to be a spin-triplet, chiral $p$-wave state with the multi-component order parameter, giving rise to chiral domain structure. In contrast, the 3-K phase is attributable to enhanced superconductivity of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ in the strained interface region between Ru inclusion of a few to tens of micrometers in size and the surrounding Sr$_2$RuO$_4$. We investigate the dynamic behavior of a topological junction, where a superconductor is surrounded by another superconductor. Specifically, we fabricated Nb/Ru/Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ topological superconducting junctions, in which the difference in phase winding between the $s$-wave superconductivity in Ru micro-islands induced from Nb and the superconductivity of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ mainly governs the junction behavior. Comparative results of the asymmetry, hysteresis and noise in junctions with different sizes, shapes, and configurations of Ru inclusions are explained by the chiral domain-wall motion in these topological junctions. Furthermore, a striking difference between the 1.5-K and 3-K phases is clearly revealed: the large noise in the 1.5-K phase sharply disappears in the 3-K phase. These results confirm the multi-component order-parameter superconductivity of the bulk Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, consistent with the chiral $p$-wave state, and the proposed non-chiral single-component superconductivity of the 3-K phase.
Renormalization group procedure for potential $-g/r^2$
Creators: name: Dawid, Sebastian M.
name: Gonsior, Rafał
name: Kwapisz, Jan
name: Serafin, Kamil
name: Tobolski, Mariusz
name: Głazek, Stanisław D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Schrödinger equation with potential $-g/r^2$ exhibits a limit cycle, described in the literature in a broad range of contexts using various regularizations of the singularity at $r=0$. Instead, we use the renormalization group transformation based on Gaussian elimination, from the Hamiltonian eigenvalue problem, of high momentum modes above a finite, floating cutoff scale. The procedure identifies a richer structure than the one we found in the literature. Namely, it directly yields an equation that determines the renormalized Hamiltonians as functions of the floating cutoff: solutions to this equation exhibit, in addition to the limit-cycle, also the asymptotic-freedom, triviality, and fixed-point behaviors, the latter in vicinity of infinitely many separate pairs of fixed points in different partial waves for different values of $g$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
A Halo Model Approach to the $\rm{21\, cm}$ and $\rm{Ly}α$ Cross-correlation
Creators: name: Feng, Chang
name: Cooray, Asantha
name: Keating, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a halo-model-based approach to calculate the cross-correlation between $\rm{21\,cm}$ HI intensity fluctuations and $\rm{Ly}α$ emitters (LAE) during the epoch of reionization (EoR). Ionizing radiation around dark matter halos are modeled as bubbles with the size and growth determined based on the reionization photon production, among other physical parameters. The cross-correlation shows a clear negative-to-positive transition, associated with transition from ionized to neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium during EoR. The cross-correlation is subject to several foreground contaminants, including foreground radio point sources important for $\rm{21\,cm}$ experiments and low-$z$ interloper emission lines, such as $\rm{H}α$, OIII, and OII, for $\rm{Ly}α$ experiments. Our calculations show that by masking out high fluxes in the $\rm{Ly}α$ measurement, the correlated foreground contamination on the $\rm{21\,cm}$-$\rm{Ly}α$ cross-correlation can be dramatically reduced. We forecast the detectability of $\rm{21\,cm}$-$\rm{Ly}α$ cross-correlation at different redshifts and adopt a Fisher matrix approach to estimate uncertainties on the key EoR parameters that have not been well constrained by other observations of reionization. This halo-model-based approach enables us to explore the EoR parameter space rapidly for different $\rm{21\,cm}$ and $\rm{Ly}α$ experiments.
description: 13 pages, 17 figures. Version accepted for publication in ApJ
Calculable mass hierarchies and a light dilaton from gravity duals
Creators: name: Elander, Daniel
name: Piai, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of gauge/gravity dualities, we calculate the scalar and tensor mass spectrum of the boundary theory defined by a special 8-scalar sigma-model in five dimensions, the background solutions of which include the 1-parameter family dual to the baryonic branch of the Klebanov-Strassler field theory. This provides an example of a strongly-coupled, multi-scale system that yields a parametrically light mass for one of the composite scalar particles: the dilaton. We briefly discuss the implications of these findings towards identifying a satisfactory solution to both the big and little hierarchy problems of the electro-weak theory.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Version accepted for publication in Phys.Lett.B
Dark matter self-interactions from a general spin-0 mediator
Creators: name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
name: Wild, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter particles interacting via the exchange of very light spin-0 mediators can have large self-interaction rates and obtain their relic abundance from thermal freeze-out. At the same time, these models face strong bounds from direct and indirect probes of dark matter as well as a number of constraints on the properties of the mediator. We investigate whether these constraints can be consistent with having observable effects from dark matter self-interactions in astrophysical systems. For the case of a mediator with purely scalar couplings we point out the highly relevant impact of low-threshold direct detection experiments like CRESST-II, which essentially rule out the simplest realization of this model. These constraints can be significantly relaxed if the mediator has CP-violating couplings, but then the model faces strong constraints from CMB measurements, which can only be avoided in special regions of parameter space.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures + appendices. v2: Matches published version. v3: fixed typographical mistake in eq. (2.8). v4: fixed typographical mistake in eq. (C.4)
ETHNA System Implementation Co-design Requirements Guiding Paper – The ETHNA Lab. ETHNA System Project – Deliverable 5.3
Creators: name: Neuhaus, Sigrid Vedel
name: Holstener, Simon
name: Vestergaard Bidstrup, Maya
name: Kotnis, Sita Ramchandra
name: Rodríguez Coronel, Martha
name: González-Esteban, Elsa
name: Eekhout, Xavier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RRI
Ethics
Ethical Governance
Research
Innovation
Living Labs

description: This document includes a guide on the ETHNA Lab, followed by the methodological reflections made during the development of the ETHNA Lab, a short introduction to the implementation process, including the support structure offered to the implementing organisations, and finally some concluding reflections on the desired outcome of the ETHNA Lab process.
Extended Stakeholder Mapping of the Implementing Institutions. ETHNA System Project – Deliverable 5.2
Creators: name: Holstener, Simon
name: Vedel Neuhaus, Sigrid
name: Vestergaard Bidstrup, Maya
name: González-Esteban, Elsa
name: Calvo, Patrici
name: De Grandis, Giovanni
name: Must, Ülle
name: Camarinha-Matos, Luis M.
name: Ferrada, Filipa
name: Oliveira, Ana Inês
name: Bertolín, Juan Antonio
name: Pardo Gil, Eva
name: Hajdinjak, Marko
name: Damianova, Zoya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RRI
Ethics
Ethical Governance
Research
Innovation
ETHNA System

description: This document contains an overview of the ETHNA System, as well as the ETHNA Lab and the stakeholder
 approach. It also contains the stakeholder mapping process as well as an overview of the engagement plan, both
 focusing on external QH stakeholders. The report ends with a recapitulation of the different approaches to the stakeholder mapping and engagement plan. The appendix includes an overview of each of the stakeholder mapping.
Entropy-limited hydrodynamics: a novel approach to relativistic hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Guercilena, Federico
name: Radice, David
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present entropy-limited hydrodynamics (ELH): a new approach for the computation of numerical fluxes arising in the discretization of hyperbolic equations in conservation form. ELH is based on the hybridisation of an unfiltered high-order scheme with the first-order Lax-Friedrichs method. The activation of the low-order part of the scheme is driven by a measure of the locally generated entropy inspired by the artificial-viscosity method proposed by Guermond et al. Here, we present ELH in the context of high-order finite-differencing methods and of the equations of general-relativistic hydrodynamics. We study the performance of ELH in a series of classical astrophysical tests in general relativity involving isolated, rotating and nonrotating neutron stars, and including a case of gravitational collapse to black hole. We present a detailed comparison of ELH with the fifth-order monotonicity preserving method MP5, one of the most common high-order schemes currently employed in numerical-relativity simulations. We find that ELH achieves comparable and, in many of the cases studied here, better accuracy than more traditional methods at a fraction of the computational cost (up to 50 % speedup). Given its accuracy and its simplicity of implementation, ELH is a promising framework for the development of new special- and general-relativistic hydrodynamics codes well adapted for massively parallel supercomputers.
description: 26 pages, 26 figures. Small revisions, matches the version to be published
Report of the Selected Aspects That Can Be Tested and Accompany the Implementation Process. ETHNA System Project – Deliverable 5.1
Creators: name: Holstener, Simon
name: Neuhaus, Sigrid
name: Vestergaard Bidstrup, Maya
name: Bernal, Laura
name: Feenstra, Ramón
name: González-Esteban, Elsa
name: De Grandis, Giovanni
name: Must, Ülle
name: Camarinha Matos, Luis M.
name: Ferrada, Filipa
name: Oliveira, Ana Inês
name: Bertolín, Juan Antonio
name: Pardo Gil, Eva
name: Hajdinjak, Marko
name: Damianova, Zoya
name: Dimova, Adriana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RRI
Ethics
Ethical Governance
Research
Innovation

description: This document includes a a short introduction to the ETHNA System and the ETHNA Lab process, including a description of the first step of the ETHNA Lab, the Planning step, in which the Implementation Plans are developed. Afterwards, each of the implementing organisations’ Implementation Plans are presented, including an overview of the planning activities that has led to the development of the Implementation Plan, as well as the Implementation Plan itself. The Implementation Plan includes an overview of the initial assessment carried out by the organisation, the decisions made on the RRI Office(r), as well as a general overview of the further implementation and actions planned. The report ends with a recapitulation of the Implementation Plans and an overview of the further process
Genomic measures of inbreeding coefficients and genome-wide scan for runs of homozygosity islands in Iranian river buffalo, Bubalus bubalis
Creators: name: GHOREISHIFAR, Seyed Mohammad
name: Moradi-Shahrbabak, H
name: Fallahi, MH
name: Moradi-Shahrbabak, M
name: Abdollahi-Arpanahi, R
name: Khansefid, Majid
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3105
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: Consecutive homozygous fragments of a genome inherited by offspring from a common ancestor are known as runs of homozygosity (ROH). ROH can be used to calculate genomic inbreeding and to identify genomic regions that are potentially under historical selection pressure. The dataset of our study consisted of 254 Azeri (AZ) and 115 Khuzestani (KHZ) river buffalo genotyped for ~ 65,000 SNPs for the following two purposes: 1) to estimate and compare inbreeding calculated using ROH (FROH), excess of homozygosity (FHOM), correlation between uniting gametes (FUNI), and diagonal elements of the genomic relationship matrix (FGRM); 2) to identify frequently occurring ROH (i.e. ROH islands) for our selection signature and gene enrichment studies. Results: In this study, 9102 ROH were identified, with an average number of 21.2 ± 13.1 and 33.2 ± 15.9 segments per animal in AZ and KHZ breeds, respectively. On average in AZ, 4.35% (108.8 ± 120.3 Mb), and in KHZ, 5.96% (149.1 ± 107.7 Mb) of the genome was autozygous. The estimated inbreeding values based on FHOM, FUNI and FGRM were higher in AZ than they were in KHZ, which was in contrast to the FROH estimates. We identified 11 ROH islands (four in AZ and seven in KHZ). In the KHZ breed, the genes located in ROH islands were enriched for multiple Gene Ontology (GO) terms (P ≤ 0.05). The genes located in ROH islands were associated with diverse biological functions and traits such as body size and muscle development (BMP2), immune response (CYP27B1), milk production and components (MARS, ADRA1A, and KCTD16), coat colour and pigmentation (PMEL and MYO1A), reproductive traits (INHBC, INHBE, STAT6 and PCNA), and bone development (SUOX). Conclusion: The calculated FROH was in line with expected higher inbreeding in KHZ than in AZ because of the smaller effective population size of KHZ. Thus, we find that FROH can be used as a robust estimate of genomic inbreeding. Further, the majority of ROH peaks were overlapped with or in close proximity to the previously reported genomic regions with signatures of selection. This tells us that it is likely that the genes in the ROH islands have been subject to artificial or natural selection.
Spin mediated magneto-electro-thermal transport behavior in Ni80Fe20/MgO/p-Si thin films
Creators: name: Lou, P. C.
name: Beyermann, W. P.
name: Kumar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Si, spin-phonon interaction is the primary spin relaxation mechanism. At low temperatures, the absence of spin-phonon relaxation will lead to enhanced spin accumulation. Spin accumulation may change the electro-thermal transport within the material, and thus may serve as an investigative tool for characterizing spin-mediated behavior. Here we present the first experimental proof of spin accumulation induced electro-thermal transport behavior in a Pd (1 nm)/Ni80Fe20 (25 nm)/MgO (1 nm)/p-Si (2 um) specimen. The spin accumulation originates from the spin-Hall effect. The spin accumulation changes the phononic thermal transport in p-Si causing the observed magneto-electro-thermal transport behavior. We also observe the inverted switching behavior in magnetoresistance measurement at low temperatures in contrast to magnetic characterization, which is attributed to the canted spin states in p-Si due to spin accumulation. The spin accumulation is elucidated by current dependent anomalous Hall resistance measurement, which shows a decrease as the electric current is increased. This result may open a new paradigm in the field of spin-mediated transport behavior in semiconductor and semiconductor spintronics.
description: 25 pages, 5 main and 6 supplementary figures
Direct estimation of density functionals using a polynomial basis
Creators: name: Wisler, Alan
name: Berisha, Visar
name: Spanias, Andreas
name: Hero, Alfred O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A number of fundamental quantities in statistical signal processing and information theory can be expressed as integral functions of two probability density functions. Such quantities are called density functionals as they map density functions onto the real line. For example, information divergence functions measure the dissimilarity between two probability density functions and are useful in a number of applications. Typically, estimating these quantities requires complete knowledge of the underlying distribution followed by multi-dimensional integration. Existing methods make parametric assumptions about the data distribution or use non-parametric density estimation followed by high-dimensional integration. In this paper, we propose a new alternative. We introduce the concept of "data-driven basis functions" - functions of distributions whose value we can estimate given only samples from the underlying distributions without requiring distribution fitting or direct integration. We derive a new data-driven complete basis that is similar to the deterministic Bernstein polynomial basis and develop two methods for performing basis expansions of functionals of two distributions. We also show that the new basis set allows us to approximate functions of distributions as closely as desired. Finally, we evaluate the methodology by developing data driven estimators for the Kullback-Leibler divergences and the Hellinger distance and by constructing empirical estimates of tight bounds on the Bayes error rate.
description: Under review for IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Shear banding, discontinuous shear thickening, and rheological phase transitions in athermally sheared frictionless disks
Creators: name: Vågberg, Daniel
name: Olsson, Peter
name: Teitel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on numerical simulations of simple models of athermal, bidisperse, soft-core, massive disks in two dimensions, as a function of packing fraction $ϕ$, inelasticity of collisions as measured by a parameter $Q$, and applied uniform shear strain rate $\dotγ$. Our particles have contact interactions consisting of normally directed elastic repulsion and viscous dissipation, as well as tangentially directed viscous dissipation, but no inter-particle Coulombic friction. Mapping the phase diagram in the $(ϕ,Q)$ plane for small $\dotγ$, we find a sharp first-order rheological phase transition from a region with Bagnoldian rheology to a region with Newtonian rheology, and show that the system is always Newtonian at jamming. We consider the rotational motion of particles and demonstrate the crucial importance that the coupling between rotational and translational degrees of freedom has on the phase structure at small $Q$ (strongly inelastic collisions). At small $Q$ we show that, upon increasing $\dotγ$, the sharp Bagnoldian-to-Newtonian transition becomes a coexistence region of finite width in the $(ϕ,\dotγ)$ plane, with coexisting Bagnoldian and Newtonian shear bands. Crossing this coexistence region by increasing $\dotγ$ at fixed $ϕ$, we find that discontinuous shear thickening can result if $\dotγ$ is varied too rapidly for the system to relax to the shear-banded steady state corresponding to the instantaneous value of $\dotγ$.
description: 27 pages, 36 figures, new version corresponds to published version
The ETHNA System. A Guide to the Ethical Governance of RRI in Innovation and Research in Research Performing Organisations and Research Funding Organisations. ETHNA System Project – Deliverable 4.2
Creators: name: González-Esteban, Elsa
name: Feenstra, Ramón
name: Calvo, Patrici
name: Sanahuja, Rosana
name: Fernández-Beltrán, Fernando
name: García-Marzá, Domingo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RRI
Ethics
Innovation
Research
Governance

description: Guide to the Ethical Governance of RRI in Innovation and Research in Research Performing Organisations and Research Funding Organisations.
Influence of gravitational waves on circular moving particles
Creators: name: Faber, Manfried
name: Suda, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of a gravitational wave background on particles in circular motion. We are especially interested in waves leading to stationary orbits. This consideration is limited to circular orbits perpendicular to the incidence direction. As a main result of our calculation we obtain in addition to the well-known alteration of the radial distance a time dependent correction term for the phase modifying the circular motion of the particle. A background of gravitational waves creates some kind of uncertainty.
description: Figures adjusted to correction term for the angular velocity, and references added
British Gallup Poll CQ 345
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); James Callaghan as prime minister (1); Margaret Thatcher as leader of Conservative Party (1); David Steel as leader of Liberal Party (1); party support (2); General Election in October 1974 (2); urgent problems facing country (2); party handling urgent problems (1); future of general election (2); government prices and incomes policy (4); effectiveness of government economic policies (1); government restriction of wage claims (3); government doing enough to control prices (1); future of rising prices (1); trade unions on prices and incomes policy (1); driving license (1); driving after drinking any alcohol (2); breathalyzer use (2); strictness of alcohol limits (1); police stopping motorists at random to admit breath alcohol tests (1); loss of license if drinking alcohol before driving (1); knowledge of charities (8); Age Concern charity and elderly situation (1); sewing machine in household (4); knowledge of kitchen furniture products (27); knowledge of bedroom furniture products (24); knowledge of living room furniture products (6); knowledge of kitchen furniture manufacturers (23); knowledge of bedroom furniture manufacturers (20); items in household (18); items thinking of buying in next few months (21); likelihood of buying household item (21); buying or renting television (1); knowledge of Open University or University of the Air (2); consideration of studying at Open University (1); newspapers read weekly (10); knowledge of biscuit manufacturers (1); canned ready-to-serve custard (5); hair color (2); hygiene products use (56); hair color restorative (10); Grecian 2000 or Lady Grecian (2).
Testing the binary black hole nature of a compact binary coalescence
Creators: name: Krishnendu, N. V.
name: Arun, K. G.
name: Mishra, Chandra Kant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel method to test the binary black hole (BBH) nature of compact binaries detectable by gravitational wave (GW) interferometers and hence constrain the parameter space of other exotic compact objects. The spirit of the test lies in the "no-hair" conjecture for black holes where all properties of a black hole are characterised by the mass and the spin of the black hole. The method relies on observationally measuring the quadrupole moments of the compact binary constituents induced due to their spins. If the compact object is a Kerr black hole (BH), its quadrupole moment is expressible solely in terms of its mass and spin. Otherwise, the quadrupole moment can depend on additional parameters (such as equation of state of the object). The higher order spin effects in phase and amplitude of a gravitational waveform, which explicitly contains the spin-induced quadrupole moments of compact objects, hence uniquely encodes the nature of the compact binary. Thus we argue that an independent measurement of the spin-induced quadrupole moment of the compact binaries from GW observations can provide a unique way to distinguish binary BH systems from binaries consisting of exotic compact objects.
description: Matches the published version in PRL. Waveform section is added. Mathematica readable file for the waveform is with the source
Secret Loss of Unitarity due to the Classical Background
Creators: name: Yang, I-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a quantum subsystem can become significantly entangled with a classical background through a process with little or none semi-classical back-reactions. We study two quantum harmonic oscillators coupled to each other in a time-independent Hamiltonian. We compare it to its semi-classical approximation in which one of the oscillators is treated as the classical background. In this approximation, the remaining quantum oscillator has an effective Hamiltonian which is time-dependent, and its evolution appears to be unitary. However, in the fully quantum model, the two oscillators can entangle with each other. Thus the unitarity of either individual oscillator is never guaranteed. We derive the critical time scale after which the unitarity of either individual oscillator is irrevocably lost. In particular, we give an example that in the adiabatic limit, unitarity is lost before other relevant questions can be addressed.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, version 2, accepted by PRD. Added discussion regarding the interpretation of why such loss is a "secret"
Direct Estimation of Information Divergence Using Nearest Neighbor Ratios
Creators: name: Noshad, Morteza
name: Moon, Kevin R.
name: Sekeh, Salimeh Yasaei
name: Hero, Alfred O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a direct estimation method for Rényi and f-divergence measures based on a new graph theoretical interpretation. Suppose that we are given two sample sets $X$ and $Y$, respectively with $N$ and $M$ samples, where $η:=M/N$ is a constant value. Considering the $k$-nearest neighbor ($k$-NN) graph of $Y$ in the joint data set $(X,Y)$, we show that the average powered ratio of the number of $X$ points to the number of $Y$ points among all $k$-NN points is proportional to Rényi divergence of $X$ and $Y$ densities. A similar method can also be used to estimate f-divergence measures. We derive bias and variance rates, and show that for the class of $γ$-Hölder smooth functions, the estimator achieves the MSE rate of $O(N^{-2γ/(γ+d)})$. Furthermore, by using a weighted ensemble estimation technique, for density functions with continuous and bounded derivatives of up to the order $d$, and some extra conditions at the support set boundary, we derive an ensemble estimator that achieves the parametric MSE rate of $O(1/N)$. Our estimators are more computationally tractable than other competing estimators, which makes them appealing in many practical applications.
description: 2017 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)
Sampling and Reconstruction Using Bloom Filters
Creators: name: Sengupta, Neha
name: Bagchi, Amitabha
name: Bedathur, Srikanta
name: Ramanath, Maya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we address the problem of sampling from a set and reconstructing a set stored as a Bloom filter. To the best of our knowledge our work is the first to address this question. We introduce a novel hierarchical data structure called BloomSampleTree that helps us design efficient algorithms to extract an almost uniform sample from the set stored in a Bloom filter and also allows us to reconstruct the set efficiently. In the case where the hash functions used in the Bloom filter implementation are partially invertible, in the sense that it is easy to calculate the set of elements that map to a particular hash value, we propose a second, more space-efficient method called HashInvert for the reconstruction. We study the properties of these two methods both analytically as well as experimentally. We provide bounds on run times for both methods and sample quality for the BloomSampleTree based algorithm, and show through an extensive experimental evaluation that our methods are efficient and effective.
On transient waves in linear viscoelasticity
Creators: name: Colombaro, Ivano
name: Giusti, Andrea
name: Mainardi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74D05, 74H40, 74J99, 76A10, 44A10, 33C10

description: The aim of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of method of the wave-front expansion, also known in the literature as the Buchen-Mainardi algorithm. In particular, many applications of this technique to the fundamental models of both ordinary and fractional linear viscoelasticity are thoroughly presented and discussed.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures
On Vietoris-Rips complexes of ellipses
Creators: name: Adamaszek, Michal
name: Adams, Henry
name: Reddy, Samadwara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E45, 55U10, 68R05

description: For $X$ a metric space and $r>0$ a scale parameter, the Vietoris-Rips complex $VR_