cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis: Mucosal tissue drug distribution of RT inhibitor Tenofovir and entry inhibitor Maraviroc in a humanized mouse model
Creators: name: Yang, Kuo-Hsiung
name: Sykes, Craig
name: Remling-Mulder, Leila
name: Akkina, Ramesh
name: Veselinovic, Milena
name: Kashuba, Angela D.M.
name: LeCureux, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) strategies utilizing anti-retroviral drugs show considerable promise for HIV prevention. However there is insufficient pharmacokinetic (PK) data on drug concentrations required for protection at the relevant mucosal tissues where the infection is initiated. Here we evaluated the utility of a humanized mouse model to derive PK data on two leading drugs, the RT inhibitor tenofovir (TFV) and CCR5 inhibitor maraviroc (MVC). Following oral dosing, both the drugs and the intracellular active TFV-diphosphate could be detected in vaginal, rectal and intestinal tissues. The drug exposures (AUC24hr) were found to be higher in vaginal tissue compared to plasma with even higher levels detected in rectal and intestinal tissues. The overall trends of drug concentrations seen in humanized mice reflect those seen in the human thus establishing the utility of this model complementing the present non-human primate (NHP) models for future pre-clinical evaluations of promising HIV PrEP drug candidates.
Time integration of tensor trains
Creators: name: Lubich, Christian
name: Oseledets, Ivan
name: Vandereycken, Bart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A18, 15A69, 65F99, 65L05

description: A robust and efficient time integrator for dynamical tensor approximation in the tensor train or matrix product state format is presented. The method is based on splitting the projector onto the tangent space of the tensor manifold. The algorithm can be used for updating time-dependent tensors in the given data-sparse tensor train / matrix product state format and for computing an approximate solution to high-dimensional tensor differential equations within this data-sparse format. The formulation, implementation and theoretical properties of the proposed integrator are studied, and numerical experiments with problems from quantum molecular dynamics and with iterative processes in the tensor train format are included.
description: Submitted to SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis
title: Sous quelles conditions une activité de pairwork favorise-t-elle chez les élèves la mémorisation du vocabulaire et des structures langagières en langue étrangère ?
title: Sous quelles conditions une activité de pairwork favorise-t-elle chez les élèves la mémorisation du vocabulaire et des structures langagières en langue étrangère ?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Lerch, Mélanie
name: Von Siebenthal, Valérie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Enseignement des langues étrangères
subject: Lesson Study
subject: Pairwork
subject: Dévolution
subject: Alignement curriculaire
subject: Pratiques langagières
subject: Langues étrangères

description: Ce mémoire professionnel est l’aboutissement d’une collaboration dans le cadre d’un projet de recherche entre enseignants et étudiants en réseaux sociaux (PEERS) et qui s’est déroulé en France et en Suisse. Il porte sur les gestes professionnels de l’enseignant-e dans une activité de production orale entre pairs en langue étrangère. Brigitte Gruson (2006, p. 45) définit le pairwork comme “une activité qui met les élèves en situation interactive deux à deux”. En suivant une démarche de Lesson Study, nous avons élaboré en équipe une leçon d’anglais afin de l’enseigner dans deux classes en France, au niveau CM2 (7H) et 6ème (8H). Après analyse des deux premières leçons de recherche, nous avons construit les leçons de recherche 3 et 4 en y apportant diverses améliorations et des adaptations. Notamment, nous avons adapté la langue d’enseignement pour la Suisse, en transposant en allemand. Ce travail donne à voir les modifications apportées aux séquences en vue de favoriser les apprentissages des élèves en regard de la production orale en langue étrangère. L’analyse des pairwork en équipe a défini notre question de recherche, à savoir : sous quelles conditions une activité de pairwork favorise-t-elle chez les élèves la mémorisation du vocabulaire et des structures langagières en langue étrangère ? Les principaux concepts retenus pour répondre à cette question sont les suivants : l’alignement curriculaire des leçons, les pratiques langagières et la dévolution. Tout d’abord, pour identifier précisément nos objectifs d’apprentissage, nous avons procédé à une analyse de l’alignement curriculaire. Ensuite, l’analyse des pratiques langagières et de la dévolution dans les différentes interactions situent le rôle que prend l’enseignant-e dans les apprentissages des élèves.
Delicious to Deadly Toxin: Uncovering a Global Culinary Crisis
Creators: name: Gomathy V1 and Ulaganathan Arisekar2
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: India has vast species diversity and constitutes 10 % of the total fish species in the World. One of the most available species, pufferfish is poisonous to consume despite its nutritional advantage and delicacy worldwide. India is the third largest exporter of frozen pufferfish and China, Japan, and South Korea are the largest consumer for the same. However, these fishes are caught as by-catch due to a lack of domestic demand. Therefore, the development of organized supply and value chains in the domestic and export markets would help to utilize the available resources in India efficiently.
Stallings graphs for quasi-convex subgroups
Creators: name: Kharlampovich, Olga
name: Miasnikov, Alexei
name: Weil, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E07, 20F10, 20F67

description: We show that one can define and effectively compute Stallings graphs for quasi-convex subgroups of automatic groups (\textit{e.g.} hyperbolic groups or right-angled Artin groups). These Stallings graphs are finite labeled graphs, which are canonically associated with the corresponding subgroups. We show that this notion of Stallings graphs allows a unified approach to many algorithmic problems: some which had already been solved like the generalized membership problem or the computation of a quasi-convexity constant (Kapovich, 1996); and others such as the computation of intersections, the conjugacy or the almost malnormality problems. Our results extend earlier algorithmic results for the more restricted class of virtually free groups. We also extend our construction to relatively quasi-convex subgroups of relatively hyperbolic groups, under certain additional conditions.
description: 40 pages. New and improved version
KSHV LANA and EBV LMP1 induce the expression of UCH-L1 following viral transformation
Creators: name: Shackelford, Julia
name: Wang, Ling
name: Pagano, Joseph S.
name: Bheda-Malge, Anjali
name: Bentz, Gretchen L.
name: Damania, Blossom
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) has oncogenic properties and is highly expressed during malignancies. We recently documented that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection induces uch-l1 expression. Here we show that Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection induced UCH-L1 expression, via cooperation of KSHV Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen (LANA) and RBP-Jκ and activation of the uch-l1 promoter. UCH-L1 expression was also increased in Primary Effusion Lymphoma (PEL) cells co-infected with KSHV and EBV compared with PEL cells infected only with KSHV, suggesting EBV augments the effect of LANA on uch-l1. EBV latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is one of the few EBV products expressed in PEL cells. Results showed that LMP1 was sufficient to induce uch-l1 expression, and co-expression of LMP1 and LANA had an additive effect on uch-l1 expression. These results indicate that viral latency products of both human γ-herpesviruses contribute to uch-l1 expression, which may contribute to the progression of lymphoid malignancies.
Magnetic skyrmion logic gates: conversion, duplication and merging of skyrmions
Creators: name: Zhang, Xichao
name: Ezawa, Motohiko
name: Zhou, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic skyrmions, which are topological particle-like excitations in ferromagnets, have attracted a lot of attention recently. Skyrmionics is an attempt to use magnetic skyrmions as information carriers in next generation spintronic devices. Proposals of manipulations and operations of skyrmions are highly desired. Here, we show that the conversion, duplication and merging of isolated skyrmions with different chirality and topology are possible all in one system. We also demonstrate the conversion of a skyrmion into another form of a skyrmion, i.e., a bimeron. We design spin logic gates such as the AND and OR gates based on manipulations of skyrmions. These results provide important guidelines for utilizing the topology of nanoscale spin textures as information carriers in novel magnetic sensors and spin logic devices.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
A simian hemorrhagic fever virus isolate from persistently infected baboons efficiently induces hemorrhagic fever disease in Japanese macaques
Creators: name: Wong, Scott W.
name: Planer, Shannon
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Donaldson, Eric F.
name: Axthelm, Michael K.
name: Pecotte, Jerilyn K.
name: Colgin, Lois M.A.
name: Manoharan, Minsha
name: Rawlings, Stephanie
name: Lewis, Anne D.
name: Legasse, Alfred
name: Huynh, Jeremy
name: Vatter, Heather A.
name: Dickerson, Mary F.
name: Brinton, Margo A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Simian hemorrhagic fever virus is an arterivirus that naturally infects species of African nonhuman primates causing acute or persistent asymptomatic infections. Although it was previously estimated that 1% of baboons are SHFV-positive, more than 10% of wild-caught and captive-bred baboons tested were SHFV positive and the infections persisted for more than 10 years with detectable virus in the blood (100–1000 genomes/ml). The sequences of two baboon SHFV isolates that were amplified by a single passage in primary macaque macrophages showed a very high degree of identity to each other as well as to the genome of SHFV-LVR, a laboratory strain isolated in the 1960s. Infection of Japanese macaques with 100 PFU of a baboon isolate consistently produced high level viremia, pro-inflammatory cytokines, elevated tissue factor levels and clinical signs indicating coagulation defects. The baboon virus isolate provides a reliable BSL2 model of viral hemorrhagic fever disease in macaques.
title: Besondere Schwerpunkte des Geistliches Lebens des dritten «ABC» bei Francisco de Osuna
Creators: name: Venegas Chinchilla, Leandro Josue
Year: 2022

description: Welche sind die Schwerpunkte in dem „Dritten ABC“ von Francisco de Osuna? Diese Diplomarbeit versucht die wichtigsten Punkte von dem berühmten spanischen Werk von Francisco de Osuna zu erläutern. In dem ersten Teil dieser Arbeit werden verschiedene Themen behandelt, die das Fundament von „Tercer Abecedario Espiritual“ bilden. Vor allem wird festgehalten, welche Rolle Osuna in der Mystik Spanien des 16. Jahrhunderts spielt und was man unter dem „Dritten ABC“ versteht. Der zweite Teil dieser Arbeit, beschäftigt sich mit der Lehre vom „Recogimiento“ von Osuna und verschiedenen These, die den Kern dieses Buches zu klären versuchen, sowie mit der Lehre von „Alumbrados“, der kein guter Ruf im damaligen Spanien nachgesagt wurde. Ein dritter Teil will sich mit dem Gebet nach Francisco de Osuna auseinandersetzen. Hier betrachtet man die verschieden Gebetsweise, die in dem „Dritten ABC“ behandelt werden und dazu auch noch Überlegungen zum Vaterunser-Gebet. Zuletzt kommt man zu dem Thema von der Menschheit Christi laut Francisco de Osuna in vergleichender Darstellung zu der berühmten spanischen Mystikerin Teresa von Ávila. Hier behandelt man die Bedeutung der Menschheit Christi bei diesen beiden Autoren. Vor allem will man sich mit der Frage über den Einfluss von dem „Dritte ABC“ auf das Leben von Teresa de Ávila beschäftigen und ob sie sich von einigen Vorstellungen von Osuna in diesem Buch distanziert hat.
Measurement of the production cross section ratio sigma(chi[b2](1P)) / sigma(chi[b1](1P)) in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the production cross section ratio sigma(chi[b2](1P)) / sigma( chi[b1](1P)) is presented. The chi[b1](1P) and chi[b2](1P) bottomonium states, promptly produced in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, are detected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC through their radiative decays chi[b1,2](1P) to Upsilon(1S) + gamma. The emitted photons are measured through their conversion to electron-positron pairs, whose reconstruction allows the two states to be resolved. The Upsilon(1S) is measured through its decay to two muons. An event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.7 inverse femtobarns is used to measure the cross section ratio in a phase-space region defined by the photon pseudorapidity, abs(eta[gamma]) < 1.0; the Upsilon(1S) rapidity, abs(y[Upsilon]) < 1.5; and the Upsilon(1S) transverse momentum, 7 < pt[Upsilon] < 40 GeV. The cross section ratio shows no significant dependence on the Upsilon(1S) transverse momentum, with a measured average value of 0.85 +/- 0.07 (stat+syst) +/- 0.08 (BF), where the first uncertainty is the combination of the experimental statistical and systematic uncertainties and the second is from the uncertainty in the ratio of the chi[b] branching fractions.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
An unbiased proteomics approach to identify human cytomegalovirus RNA-associated proteins
Creators: name: Lenarcic, Erik M.
name: Moorman, Nathaniel J.
name: Ziehr, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Post-transcriptional events regulate herpesvirus gene expression, yet few herpesvirus RNA-binding proteins have been identified. We used an unbiased approach coupling oligo(dT) affinity capture with proteomics to identify viral RNA-associated proteins during infection. Using this approach, we identified and confirmed changes in the abundance or activity of two host RNA-associated proteins, DHX9 and DDX3, in cells infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). We also identified and confirmed previously unreported activities for the HCMV US22 and pp71 proteins as RNA-associated viral proteins and confirmed that a known viral RNA-binding protein, pTRS1, associates with RNA in infected cells. Further, we found that HCMV pp71 co-sedimented with polysomes, associated with host and viral RNAs, and stimulated the overall rate of protein synthesis. These results demonstrate that oligo(dT) affinity capture coupled with proteomics provides a rapid and straightforward means to identify RNA-associated viral proteins during infection that may participate in the post-transcriptional control of gene expression.
On the Drinfeld moduli problem of p-divisible groups
Creators: name: Rapoport, M.
name: Zink, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $O_D$ be the ring of integers in a division algebra of invariant $1/n$ over a p-adic local field. Drinfeld proved that the moduli problem of special formal $O_D$-modules is representable by Deligne's formal scheme version of the Drinfeld p-adic halfspace. In this paper we exhibit other moduli spaces of formal $p$-divisible groups which are represented by $p$-adic formal schemes whose generic fibers are isomorphic to the Drinfeld p-adic halfspace. We also prove an analogue concerning the Lubin-Tate moduli space.
description: Expanded introduction
SU(3) semiclassical representation of quantum dynamics of interacting spins
Creators: name: Davidson, Shainen M.
name: Polkovnikov, Anatoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a formalism for simulating quantum dynamics of lattice spin-one systems by first introducing local hidden variables and then doing semiclassical (truncated Wigner) approximation in the extended phase space. In this way we exactly take into account the local on-site Hamiltonian and approximately treat spin-spin interactions. In particular, we represent each spin with eight classical SU(3) variables. Three of them represent the usual spin components and five others are hidden variables representing local spin-spin correlations. We compare our formalism with exact quantum dynamics of fully connected spin systems and find very good agreement. As an application we discuss quench dynamics of a Bose-Hubbard model near the superfluid-insulator transition for a 3D lattice system consisting of 1000 sites.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. To appear in PRL
Exploring the Potential of Black Soldier Fly Larval Proteins as Bioactive Peptide Sources through in Silico Gastrointestinal Proteolysis: A Cheminformatic Investigation
Creators: name: Chai, Tsun-Thai
name: Wong, Fai-Chu
name: Ong, Joe-Hui
name: Abd Manan, Fazilah
name: Sabri, Mohamad Zulkeflee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computational chemistry

description: Despite their potential as a protein source for human consumption, the health benefits of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) proteins following human gastrointestinal (GI) digestion are poorly understood. This computational study explored the potential of BSFL proteins to release healthpromoting peptides after human GI digestion. Twenty-six proteins were virtually proteolyzed with GI proteases. The resultant peptides were screened for high GI absorption and non-toxicity. Shortlisted peptides were searched against the BIOPEP-UWM and Scopus databases to identify their bioactivities. The potential of the peptides as inhibitors of myeloperoxidase (MPO), NADPH oxidase (NOX), and xanthine oxidase (XO), as well as a disruptor of Keap1–Nrf2 protein–protein interaction, were predicted using molecular docking and dynamics simulation. Our results revealed that about 95% of the 5218 fragments generated from the proteolysis of BSFL proteins came from muscle proteins. Dipeptides comprised the largest group (about 25%) of fragments arising from each muscular protein. Screening of 1994 di- and tripeptides using SwissADME and STopTox tools revealed 65 unique sequences with high GI absorption and non-toxicity. A search of the databases identified 16 antioxidant peptides, 14 anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme peptides, and 17 anti-dipeptidyl peptidase IV peptides among these sequences. Results from molecular docking and dynamic simulation suggest that the dipeptide DF has the potential to inhibit Keap1–Nrf2 interaction and interact with MPO within a short time frame, whereas the dipeptide TF shows promise as an XO inhibitor. BSFL peptides were likely weak NOX inhibitors. Our in silico results suggest that upon GI digestion, BSFL proteins may yield high-GI-absorbed and non-toxic peptides with potential health benefits. This study is the first to investigate the bioactivity of peptides liberated from BSFL proteins following human GI digestion. Our findings provide a basis for further investigations into the potential use of BSFL proteins as a functional food ingredient with significant health benefits.
Identification of human papillomaviruses from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pre-cancer and invasive cervical cancer specimens in Zambia: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Polepole, Pascal
name: Bateman, Allen C
name: Mwanahamuntu, Mulindi
name: Katundu, Katundu
name: Dittmer, Dirk P
name: Shibemba, Aaron
name: Parham, Groesbeck P
name: Chibwesha, Carla J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BackgroundThe most common human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes isolated from cervical cancer in select African countries are HPV-16, HPV-18, HPV-35, and HPV-45, but the most common genotypes in Zambia are unknown. The overall objective of this study was to assess the potential impact of current HPV vaccines in preventing cervical cancer in Zambia, by determining the combined prevalence of HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 in invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and high-grade pre-cancer [cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 or 3 (CIN2/3)] cases.FindingsWe compared DNA extraction techniques to determine which assay performs well in the Zambian context, where unbuffered formalin is used to fix specimens. We then tested specimens with the Abbott RealTime High-Risk HPV test to estimate the prevalence of HPV-16/18 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ICC and CIN2/3 specimens. DNA extraction using heat (without xylene) was more successful than xylene-based extraction. Over 80% of specimens tested using heat extraction and the Abbott RealTime HPV test were positive for HPV. HPV-16 and/or HPV-18 were identified in 65/93 (69.9%) ICC specimens positive for HPV and in 38/65 (58.5%) CIN2/3 specimens positive for HPV.ConclusionsTo our knowledge this is the first report to identify HPV genotypes in cervical cancers in Zambia. A combined HPV-16/18 prevalence of 69.9% in ICC specimens suggests that current vaccines will be highly protective against cervical cancer in Zambia.
Modeling the Emission from Turbulent Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Calafut, Victoria
name: Wiita, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical model developed to calculate observed fluxes of relativistic jets in active galactic nuclei. The observed flux of each turbulent eddy is dependent upon its variable Doppler boosting factor, computed as a function of the relativistic sum of the individual eddy and bulk jet velocities and our viewing angle to the jet. The total observed flux is found by integrating the radiation from the eddies over the turbulent spectrum. We consider jets that contain turbulent eddies that have either standard Kolmogorov or recently derived relativistic turbulence spectra. We also account for the time delays in receiving the emission of the eddies due to their different simulated positions in the jet, as well as due to the varying beaming directions as they turn over. We examine these theoretical light curves and compute power spectral densities (PSDs) for a range of viewing angles, bulk velocities of the jet, and turbulent velocities. These PSD slopes depend significantly on the turbulent velocity and are essentially independent of viewing angle and bulk velocity. The flux variations produced in the simulations for realistic values of the parameters tested are consistent with the types of variations observed in radio-loud AGN as, for example, recently measured with the Kepler satellite, as long as the turbulent velocities are not too high.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures; v3: in press at J Astrophys Astron
Limited effects of Muc1 deficiency on mouse adenovirus type 1 respiratory infection
Creators: name: Weinberg, Jason B.
name: Nguyen, Y
name: Pickles, Raymond J.
name: Procario, Megan C.
name: O’Neal, Wanda K.
name: Ashley, Shanna L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Muc1 (MUC1 in humans) is a membrane-tethered mucin that exerts anti-inflammatory effects in the lung during bacterial infection. Muc1 and other mucins are also likely to form a protective barrier in the lung. We used mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1, also known as MAdV-1) to determine the role of Muc1 in the pathogenesis of an adenovirus in its natural host. Following intranasal inoculation of wild type mice, we detected increased TNF-α, a cytokine linked to Muc1 production, but no consistent changes in the production of lung Muc1, Muc5ac or overall lung mucus production. Viral loads were modestly higher in the lungs of Muc1−/− mice compared to Muc1+/+ mice at several early time points but decreased to similar levels by 14 days post infection in both groups. However, cellular inflammation and the expression of CXCL1, CCL5, and CCL2 did not significantly differ between Muc1−/− and Muc1+/+ mice. Our data therefore suggest that Muc1 may contribute to a physical barrier that protects against MAV-1 respiratory infection. However, our data do not reveal an anti-inflammatory effect of Muc1 that contributes to MAV-1 pathogenesis..
Thermodynamics of the polaron master equation at finite bias
Creators: name: Krause, Thilo
name: Brandes, Tobias
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
name: Schaller, Gernot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study coherent transport through a double quantum dot. Its two electronic leads induce electronic matter and energy transport and a phonon reservoir contributes further energy exchanges. By treating the system-lead couplings perturbatively, whereas the coupling to vibrations is treated non-perturbatively in a polaron-transformed frame, we derive a thermodynamic consistent low-dimensional master equation. When the number of phonon modes is finite, a Markovian description is only possible when these couple symmetrically to both quantum dots. For a continuum of phonon modes however, also asymmetric couplings can be described with a Markovian master equation. We compute the electronic current and dephasing rate. The electronic current enables transport spectroscopy of the phonon frequency and displays signatures of Franck-Condon blockade. For infinite external bias but finite tunneling bandwidths, we find oscillations in the current as a function of the internal bias due to the electron-phonon coupling. Furthermore, we derive the full fluctuation theorem and show its identity to the entropy production in the system.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, shortened presentation, added references, to appear in JCP
The Human Antibody Response to Dengue Virus Infection
Creators: name: de Silva, Aravinda M.
name: Wahala, Wahala M. P. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Dengue viruses (DENV) are the causative agents of dengue fever (DF) and dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Here we review the current state of knowledge about the human antibody response to dengue and identify important knowledge gaps. A large body of work has demonstrated that antibodies can neutralize or enhance DENV infection. Investigators have mainly used mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to study interactions between DENV and antibodies. These studies indicate that antibody neutralization of DENVs is a “multi-hit” phenomenon that requires the binding of multiple antibodies to neutralize a virion. The most potently neutralizing mouse MAbs bind to surface exposed epitopes on domain III of the dengue envelope (E) protein. One challenge facing the dengue field now is to extend these studies with mouse MAbs to better understand the human antibody response. The human antibody response is complex as it involves a polyclonal response to primary and secondary infections with 4 different DENV serotypes. Here we review studies conducted with immune sera and MAbs isolated from people exposed to dengue infections. Most dengue-specific antibodies in human immune sera are weakly neutralizing and bind to multiple DENV serotypes. The human antibodies that potently and type specifically neutralize DENV represent a small fraction of the total DENV-specific antibody response. Moreover, these neutralizing antibodies appear to bind to novel epitopes including complex, quaternary epitopes that are only preserved on the intact virion. These studies establish that human and mouse antibodies recognize distinct epitopes on the dengue virion. The leading theory proposed to explain the increased risk of severe disease in secondary cases is antibody dependent enhancement (ADE), which postulates that weakly neutralizing antibodies from the first infection bind to the second serotype and enhance infection of FcγR bearing myeloid cells such as monocytes and macrophages. Here we review results from human, animal and cell culture studies relevant to the ADE hypothesis. By understanding how human antibodies neutralize or enhance DENV, it will be possible to better evaluate existing vaccines and develop the next generation of novel vaccines.
Magnocellular and parvocellular influences on reflexive attention
Creators: name: Hopfinger, Joseph B.
name: Ries, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Previous studies have provided conflicting evidence regarding whether the magnocellular (M) or parvocellular (P) visual pathway is primarily responsible for triggering involuntary orienting. Here, we used event-related potentials (ERPs) to provide new evidence that both the M and P pathways can trigger attentional capture and bias visual processing at multiple levels. Specifically, cued-location targets elicited enhanced activity, relative to uncued-location targets, at both early sensory processing levels (indexed by the P1 component) and later higher-order processing stages (as indexed by the P300 component). Furthermore, the present results show these effects of attentional capture were not contingent on the feature congruency between the cue and expected target, providing evidence that this biasing of visual processing was not dependant on top-down expectations or within-pathway priming.
A Cut Principle for Information Flow
Creators: name: Guttman, Joshua D.
name: Rowe, Paul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We view a distributed system as a graph of active locations with unidirectional channels between them, through which they pass messages. In this context, the graph structure of a system constrains the propagation of information through it. Suppose a set of channels is a cut set between an information source and a potential sink. We prove that, if there is no disclosure from the source to the cut set, then there can be no disclosure to the sink. We introduce a new formalization of partial disclosure, called *blur operators*, and show that the same cut property is preserved for disclosure to within a blur operator. This cut-blur property also implies a compositional principle, which ensures limited disclosure for a class of systems that differ only beyond the cut.
description: 31 pages
Enhanced facial symmetry assessment in orthodontists
Creators: name: Mitroff, Stephen R.
name: Jackson, Tate H.
name: Clark, Kait
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Assessing facial symmetry is an evolutionarily important process, which suggests that individual differences in this ability should exist. As existing data are inconclusive, the current study explored whether a group trained in facial symmetry assessment, orthodontists, possessed enhanced abilities. Symmetry assessment was measured using face and non-face stimuli among orthodontic residents and two control groups: university participants with no symmetry training and airport security luggage screeners, a group previously shown to possess expert visual search skills unrelated to facial symmetry. Orthodontic residents were more accurate at assessing symmetry in both upright and inverted faces compared to both control groups, but not for non-face stimuli. These differences are not likely due to motivational biases or a speed-accuracy tradeoff—orthodontic residents were slower than the university participants but not the security screeners. Understanding such individual differences in facial symmetry assessment may inform the perception of facial attractiveness.
Quantum Integrability and Generalised Quantum Schubert Calculus
Creators: name: Gorbounov, Vassily
name: Korff, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14M15, 14F43, 55N20, 55N22, 05E05, 82B23, 19L47

description: We introduce and study a new mathematical structure in the generalised (quantum) cohomology theory for Grassmannians. Namely, we relate the Schubert calculus to a quantum integrable system known in the physics literature as the asymmetric six-vertex model. Our approach offers a new perspective on already established and well-studied special cases, for example equivariant K-theory, and in addition allows us to formulate a conjecture on the so-far unknown case of quantum equivariant K-theory.
description: 57 pages, 10 figures; v2: some references added and some minor changes; v3: abstract shortened, some typos corrected and a discussion of the Bethe roots for the non-equivariant case added; v4: accepted version
Using river distances in the space/time estimation of dissolved oxygen along two impaired river networks in New Jersey
Creators: name: Serre, Marc L.
name: Carter, Gail P.
name: Money, Eric
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Understanding surface water quality is a critical step towards protecting human health and ecological stability. Because of resource deficiencies and the large number of river miles needing assessment, there is a need for a methodology that can accurately depict river water quality where data do not exist. The objective of this research is to implement a methodology that incorporates a river metric into the space/time analysis of dissolved oxygen data for two impaired river basins. An efficient algorithm is developed to calculate river distances within the BMElib statistical package for space/time geostatistics. We find that using a river distance in a space/time context leads to an appreciable 10% reduction in the overall estimation error, and results in maps of DO that are more realistic than those obtained using a Euclidean distance. As a result river distance is used in the subsequent non-attainment assessment of DO for two impaired river basins in New Jersey.
Morse index and linear stability of the Lagrangian circular orbit in a three-body-type problem via index theory
Creators: name: Barutello, Vivina
name: Jadanza, Riccardo D.
name: Portaluri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70F10, 70H14, 53D12

description: It is well known that the linear stability of the Lagrangian elliptic solutions in the classical planar three-body problem depends on a mass parameter $β$ and on the eccentricity $e$ of the orbit. We consider only the circular case ($e = 0$) but under the action of a broader family of singular potentials: $α$-homogeneous potentials, for $α\in (0,2)$, and the logarithmic one. It turns out indeed that the Lagrangian circular orbit persists also in this more general setting. We discover a region of linear stability expressed in terms of the homogeneity parameter $α$ and the mass parameter $β$, then we compute the Morse index of this orbit and of its iterates and we find that the boundary of the stability region is the envelope of a family of curves on which the Morse indices of the iterates jump. In order to conduct our analysis we rely on a Maslov-type index theory devised and developed by Y.~Long, X.~Hu and S.~Sun; a key role is played by an appropriate index theorem and by some precise computations of suitable Maslov-type indices.
description: 48 pages, 13 figures, minor revisions
Topological spinon semimetals and gapless boundary states in three dimensions
Creators: name: Schaffer, Robert
name: Lee, Eric Kin-Ho
name: Lu, Yuan-Ming
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently there has been much effort in understanding topological phases of matter with gapless bulk excitations, which are characterized by topological invariants and protected intrinsic boundary states. Here we show that topological semimetals of Majorana fermions arise in exactly solvable Kitaev spin models on a series of three dimensional lattices. The ground states of these models are quantum spin liquids with gapless nodal spectra of bulk Majorana fermion excitations. It is shown that these phases are topologically stable as long as certain discrete symmetries are protected. The corresponding topological indices and the gapless boundary states are explicitly computed to support these results. In contrast to previous studies of non-interacting systems, the phases discussed in this work are novel examples of gapless topological phases in interacting spin systems.
description: 5 pages and 2 figures. Supplemental material: 2 pages
Varicella during pregnancy. Maternal and fetal effects.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: To determine the characteristics of maternal varicella at our institution, we reviewed all cases of primary varicella in pregnancy. Using a perinatal database that summarizes all obstetric admissions, we reviewed the medical records of women with varicella infections during pregnancy. Over a 5 1/2-year period, 31 pregnancies were affected by varicella infection among 11,753 deliveries. The mean age of those patients was 19.6 years, significantly different from our overall population of 25.3 years (P < .05). The racial composition of 35% Hispanic, 35% white, and 29% African American was different from that of our general population of 55% white, 38% African American, and 6% Hispanic (P = .023). The mean gestational age of the eruption of vesicles was 25 weeks. Of the 31 women, 7 had preterm labor within a week of their varicella, 3 delivered prematurely, and 3 infants had a birth weight of less than 2,700 grams. Respiratory symptoms developed in 6 women, and pneumonia developed in 4, 2 of whom required ventilatory support, 1 for 5 days, the other for 49 days. Eight women received acyclovir during gestation, and none suffered sequelae. In all, 6 infants had lesions and anomalies noted at birth, 5 possibly associated with varicella. Varicella infection is associated with a greater-than-expected level of both maternal and fetal morbidity. The fetal disease may occur due to maternal infection at any gestation and is most likely a spectrum of complications. The maternal disease appears to be worse in the latter half of pregnancy. Programs of prevention through vaccination must account for a possibly decreased level of immunity in different populations.
The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey. III. Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Masses of Galaxy Clusters at $z \sim 1$
Creators: name: Brodwin, M.
name: Greer, C. H.
name: Leitch, E. M.
name: Stanford, S. A.
name: Gonzalez, A. H.
name: Gettings, D. P.
name: Abdulla, Z.
name: Carlstrom, J. E.
name: Decker, B.
name: Eisenhardt, P. R.
name: Lin, H. W.
name: Mantz, A. B.
name: Marrone, D. P.
name: McDonald, M.
name: Stalder, B.
name: Stern, D.
name: Wylezalek, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present CARMA 30 GHz Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) observations of five high-redshift ($z \gtrsim 1$), infrared-selected galaxy clusters discovered as part of the all-sky Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS). The SZ decrements measured toward these clusters demonstrate that the MaDCoWS selection is discovering evolved, massive galaxy clusters with hot intracluster gas. Using the SZ scaling relation calibrated with South Pole Telescope clusters at similar masses and redshifts, we find these MaDCoWS clusters have masses in the range $M_{200} \approx 2-6 \times 10^{14}$ $M_\odot$. Three of these are among the most massive clusters found to date at $z\gtrsim 1$, demonstrating that MaDCoWS is sensitive to the most massive clusters to at least $z = 1.3$. The added depth of the AllWISE data release will allow all-sky infrared cluster detection to $z \approx 1.5$ and beyond.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables; Accepted to ApJ after minor revisions; results unchanged
ICONO 14 Anexo del paper empleabilidad
Creators: name: esearcher, Anonymous
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Higher education
Inclusive education
Educational technology and computing
Special education and disability

description: ICONO 14 Anexo de las publicaciones enumeradas en el artículo titulado: Empleabilidad inclusiva y el papel de las redes sociales en la sociedad digital. Un caso de estudio en Twitter, Instagram y YouTube.
DC and AC Characterization of Pancake Coils Made from Roebel-Assembled Coated Conductor Cable
Creators: name: Kario, Anna
name: Vojenčiak, Michal
name: Grilli, Francesco
name: Kling, Andrea
name: Jung, Alexandra
name: Brand, Jörg
name: Kudymow, Andrej
name: Willms, Johann
name: Walschburger, Uwe
name: Zermeno, Victor
name: Goldacker, Wilfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Roebel cables made of HTS coated conductors can carry high currents with a compact design and reduced AC losses. They are therefore good candidates for manufacturing coils for HTS applications such as motors and generators. In this paper we present the experimental DC and AC characterization of several coils assembled from a 5 meter long Roebel cable built at KIT, which differ in the number of turns and turn-to-turn spacing. Our experiments, supported by finite-element method (FEM) calculations, show that a more tightly wound Roebel coil, despite having a lower critical (and therefore operating) current, can produce a higher magnetic field than a loosely wound one. For a given magnetic field produced at the coil's center, all the coils have similar AC losses, with the exception of the most loosely wound one, which has much higher losses due to the relatively large current needed to produce the desired field. The experiments presented in this paper are carried out on the geometry of pancake coils made of Roebel cables, but they are exemplary of a more general strategy that, coupling experiments and numerical simulations, can be used to optimize the coil design with respect to different parameters, such as tape quantity, size, or AC loss, the relative importance of which is dictated by the specific application.
Isoniazid-related fatal hepatitis.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: To describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of fatal hepatitis due to single-drug isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis, we did a survey of cases from state health departments, published case reports, and reports to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 1970 to 1992. Of 108 reported cases, some clinical information was available for 76. A medical review panel judged 39 of these deaths as probably due to isoniazid hepatitis and 23 deaths as possibly due to isoniazid hepatitis. Of the 62 probable and possible cases combined, 50 (81%) were female, 49 (79%) were non-Hispanic black or Hispanic, and 19 (31%) were younger than 35 years. The median duration of isoniazid preventive therapy before symptom onset was 16 weeks. Of the 60 cases with symptom information, 54 (90%) presented with jaundice. Of the 62 cases, 26 (42%) were monitored monthly in accordance with current recommendations, and 6 of the patients were younger than 35 years. We estimate that the rate of fatal isoniazid hepatitis among patients in the public sector was no greater than 4.2 per 100,000 persons beginning therapy and no greater than 7 per 100,000 persons completing therapy. Adherence to isoniazid preventive therapy guidelines apparently reduces, but does not eliminate, the risk of fatal hepatitis. Careful patient selection, education, and monitoring are critical for minimizing that risk.
US adolescent food intake trends from 1965 to 1996
Creators: name: Cavadini, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: AIM—To examine adolescent food consumption trends in the United States with important chronic disease implications.METHODS—Analysis of dietary intake data from four nationally representative United States Department of Agriculture surveys of individuals 11-18 years of age (n = 12 498).RESULTS—From 1965 to 1996, a considerable shift in the adolescent diet occurred. Total energy intake decreased as did the proportion of energy from total fat (39% to 32%) and saturated fat (15% to 12%). Concurrent increases occurred in the consumption of higher fat potatoes and mixed dishes (pizza, macaroni cheese). Lower fat milks replaced higher fat milks but total milk consumption decreased by 36%. This decrease was accompanied by an increase in consumption of soft drinks and non-citrus juices. An increase in high fat potato consumption led to an increase in vegetable intake but the number of servings for fruits and vegetables is still below the recommended five per day. Iron, folate, and calcium intakes continue to be below recommendations for girls.CONCLUSIONS—These trends, far greater than for US adults, may compromise health of the future US population.
Localization transition in weakly-interacting Bose superfluids in one-dimensional quasiperdiodic lattices
Creators: name: Lellouch, Samuel
name: Sanchez-Palencia, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the localization of collective pair excitations in weakly-interacting Bose superfluids in one-dimensional quasiperiodic lattices. The localization diagram is first determined numerically. For intermediate interaction and quasiperiodic amplitude we find a sharp localization transition, with extended low-energy states and localized high-energy states. We then develop an analytical treatment, which allows us to quantitatively map the localization transition into that of an effective multiharmonic quasiperiodic system.
description: Final version