The genomic epidemiology of multi-drug resistant invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in selected sub-Saharan African countries
Creators: name: Park, Se Eun
name: Pham, Duy Thanh
name: Pak, Gi Deok
name: Panzner, Ursula
name: Maria Cruz Espinoza, Ligia
name: Von Kalckreuth, Vera
name: Im, Justin
name: Mogeni, Ondari D.
name: Schütt-Gerowitt, Heidi
name: Crump, John A
name: Breiman, Robert F
name: Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw
name: Owusu-Dabo, Ellis
name: Rakotozandrindrainy, Raphaël
name: Bassiahi Soura, Abdramane
name: Aseffa, Abraham
name: Gasmelseed, Nagla
name: Sooka, Arvinda
name: Keddy, Karen H
name: May, Jürgen
name: Aaby, Peter
name: Biggs, Holly M
name: Hertz, Julian T
name: Montgomery, Joel M
name: Cosmas, Leonard
name: Olack, Beatrice
name: Fields, Barry
name: Sarpong, Nimako
name: Razafindrabe, Tsiriniaina Jean Luco
name: Raminosoa, Tiana Mirana
name: Kabore, Leon Parfait
name: Sampo, Emmanuel
name: Teferi, Mekonnen
name: Yeshitela, Biruk
name: El Tayeb, Muna Ahmed
name: Krumkamp, Ralf
name: Dekker, Denise Myriam
name: Jaeger, Anna
name: Tall, Adama
name: Gassama, Amy
name: Niang, Aissatou
name: Bjerregaard-Andersen, Morten
name: Løfberg, Sandra Valborg
name: Deerin, Jessica Fung
name: Park, Jin Kyung
name: Konings, Frank
name: Carey, Megan E
name: Van Puyvelde, Sandra
name: Ali, Mohammad
name: Clemens, John
name: Dougan, Gordon
name: Baker, Stephen
name: Marks, Florian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Original research
1506
epidemiology
medical microbiology
typhoid and paratyphoid fevers
cross-sectional survey

description: Funder: Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (SIDA)
description: Funder: Government of Republic of Korea
description: Funder: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
description: Background: Invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) is one of the leading causes of bacteraemia in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to provide a better understanding of the genetic characteristics and transmission patterns associated with multi-drug resistant (MDR) iNTS serovars across the continent. Methods: A total of 166 iNTS isolates collected from a multi-centre surveillance in 10 African countries (2010–2014) and a fever study in Ghana (2007–2009) were genome sequenced to investigate the geographical distribution, antimicrobial genetic determinants and population structure of iNTS serotypes–genotypes. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted in the context of the existing genomic frameworks for various iNTS serovars. Population-based incidence of MDR-iNTS disease was estimated in each study site. Results: Salmonella Typhimurium sequence-type (ST) 313 and Salmonella Enteritidis ST11 were predominant, and both exhibited high frequencies of MDR; Salmonella Dublin ST10 was identified in West Africa only. Mutations in the gyrA gene (fluoroquinolone resistance) were identified in S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium in Ghana; an ST313 isolate carrying blaCTX-M-15 was found in Kenya. International transmission of MDR ST313 (lineage II) and MDR ST11 (West African clade) was observed between Ghana and neighbouring West African countries. The incidence of MDR-iNTS disease exceeded 100/100 000 person-years-of-observation in children aged &lt;5 years in several West African countries. Conclusions: We identified the circulation of multiple MDR iNTS serovar STs in the sampled sub-Saharan African countries. Investment in the development and deployment of iNTS vaccines coupled with intensified antimicrobial resistance surveillance are essential to limit the impact of these pathogens in Africa.