cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Model of Optimal Empty Rail Car Distribution at Railway Transport Nodes
Creators: name: Rakhmangulov, Aleksandr
name: Kolga, Anatoliy
name: Osintcev, Nikita
name: Stolpovskikh, Ivan
name: Sladkowski, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: At present there are two trends in the market of rail freight transportation in Russia: freight owners put forward higher demands to the transportation quality (promptness of delivery) in an effort to reduce storage costs by means of reducing the size of freight shipment; the structure of railcar traffic volume of the railways of Russia is getting more complex due to the reduction of the average shipment size and due to the transfer of railcar fleet ownership to a large number of operating companies. These trends significantly complicate operational management supervision of railway stations and transport nodes. Application of typical data from the information system about the railcar location at the transportation node is not enough for the dispatchers to make the best decision concerning the car traffic management. The article is concerned with the description and development of the mathematical model of empty railcar distribution for loading at the railway transport node; this model will take into account the requirements of railcar owners in terms of their cars application, the operating work level of railroad stations of the transportation node and the possibility of adding the groups of empty railcars to the transfer trains, clean-up trains and industrial railway trains operating on a tight schedule. The developed model and the software package were implemented in the information system of the industrial railway of the major metallurgical enterprise - OJSC "Magnitogorsk Metallurgical Works", which processes up to two thousand of railcars belonging to different owners. This model made it possible to reduce the labour intensity of dispatcher operation planning the empty railcar distribution for loading and reduce the total time the railcars spend in the enterprise railway system.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
title: A pictorial review of the variety of CT findings in patients with H1N1 infection (Swine-origin) in winter season 2016.
Creators: name: Nechaev, Valentin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Lung

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To rewiew the radiological findings in patients with H1N1 infection (Swine-origin) in winter season...
Combining Search, Social Media, and Traditional Data Sources to Improve Influenza Surveillance
Creators: name: Santillana, Mauricio
name: Nguyen, Andre T.
name: Dredze, Mark
name: Paul, Michael J.
name: Brownstein, John S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a machine learning-based methodology capable of providing real-time ("nowcast") and forecast estimates of influenza activity in the US by leveraging data from multiple data sources including: Google searches, Twitter microblogs, nearly real-time hospital visit records, and data from a participatory surveillance system. Our main contribution consists of combining multiple influenza-like illnesses (ILI) activity estimates, generated independently with each data source, into a single prediction of ILI utilizing machine learning ensemble approaches. Our methodology exploits the information in each data source and produces accurate weekly ILI predictions for up to four weeks ahead of the release of CDC's ILI reports. We evaluate the predictive ability of our ensemble approach during the 2013-2014 (retrospective) and 2014-2015 (live) flu seasons for each of the four weekly time horizons. Our ensemble approach demonstrates several advantages: (1) our ensemble method's predictions outperform every prediction using each data source independently, (2) our methodology can produce predictions one week ahead of GFT's real-time estimates with comparable accuracy, and (3) our two and three week forecast estimates have comparable accuracy to real-time predictions using an autoregressive model. Moreover, our results show that considerable insight is gained from incorporating disparate data streams, in the form of social media and crowd sourced data, into influenza predictions in all time horizons
Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue in kabuki syndrome with associated hyper-IgM syndrome/common variable immunodeficiency
Creators: name: Lederman, H.M.
name: Illei, P.B.
name: Merlo, C.A.
name: Kolb, T.M.
name: Yang, S.C.
name: Mock, J.R.
Publisher: name: American Thoracic Society
Year: 2016

description: A 28-year-old woman with a medical history significant for Kabuki syndrome with associated hyper-IgM syndrome/common variable immunodeficiency presented with a 3-month history of dyspnea, pleuritic pain, and nonproductive cough. Imaging demonstrated nodular infiltrates increasing toward the lung bases (Figure 1A). Bronchoscopy with lavage and transbronchial biopsies was performed to evaluate for an infectious or inflammatory etiology; however, results were unrevealing, and no infectious etiology was identified. Therefore, she underwent a video-assisted thoracic surgery biopsy that demonstrated nodular lymphoid hyperplasia with follicles centered on small airways and areas of organizing pneumonia (Figure 1B). Immunostains demonstrated follicles composed of CD31 T cells and CD201 B cells (Figure 1B) and no morphologic evidence of lymphoma or plasma cell neoplasm. Results were consistent with bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). High-dose steroids were administered without resolution of symptoms or radiographic findings. A report of effective responses with rituximab and azathioprine in patients with common variable immunodeficiency who had a similar inflammatory lung process containing tertiary lymphoid structures, granulomas, and organizing pneumonia has been published (1). After four doses of rituximab (weekly), together with the initiation of azathioprine, her symptoms and radiographic findings improved (Figure 1C).
Regulatory T cell DNA methyltransferase inhibition accelerates resolution of lung inflammation
Creators: name: Mandke, P.
name: Tripathi, A.
name: Garibaldi, B.T.
name: Yegnasubramanian, S.
name: Gibbs, K.W.
name: Singer, B.D.
name: Chau, E.
name: D'Alessio, F.R.
name: Mock, J.R.
name: Aggarwal, N.R.
name: Sidhaye, V.K.
name: King, L.S.
name: Florez, M.A.
Publisher: name: American Thoracic Society
Year: 2015

description: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common and often fatal inflammatory lung condition without effective targeted therapies. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) resolve lung inflammation, but mechanisms that enhance Tregs to promote resolution of established damage remain unknown. DNA demethylation at the forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) locus and other key Treg loci typify the Treg lineage. To test how dynamic DNA demethylation affects lung injury resolution, we administered the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (DAC) to wild-type (WT) mice beginning 24 hours after intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury. Mice that received DAC exhibited accelerated resolution of their injury. Lung CD4+CD25hi Foxp3+ Tregs from D AC-treated WT mice increased in number and displayed enhanced Foxp3 expression, activation state, suppressive phenotype, and proliferative capacity. Lymphocyte-deficient recombinase activating gene-1-null mice and Treg-depleted (diphtheria toxin-treated Foxp3DTR) mice did not resolve their injury in response to DAC. Adoptive transfer of 2 ×105 DAC-treated, but not vehicle-treated, exogenous Tregs rescued Treg-deficient mice from ongoing lung inflammation. In addition, in WT mice with influenza-induced lung inflammation, DAC rescue treatment facilitated recovery of their injury and promoted an increase in lung Treg number. Thus, DNA methyltransferase inhibition, at least in part, augments Treg number and function to accelerate repair of experimental lung injury. Epigenetic pathways represent novel manipulable targets for the treatment of ARDS.
(101744) Ann Hopkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Effect of chronic intermittent hypoxia on triglyceride uptake in different tissues
Creators: name: Shin, M.-K.
name: Mock, J.R.
name: Gay, J.
name: Yao, Q.
name: Polotsky, V.Y.
name: Hernandez, K.L.
name: Jun, J.C.
name: Aggarwal, N.R.
name: Drager, L.F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) inhibits plasma lipoprotein clearance and adipose lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in association with upregulation of an LPL inhibitor angiopoietin-like protein 4 (Angptl4). We hypothesize that CIH inhibits triglyceride (TG) uptake via Angptl4 and that an anti-Angptl4-neutralizing antibody would abolish the effects of CIH. Male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to four weeks of CIH or intermittent air (IA) while treated with Ab (30 mg/kg ip once a week). TG clearance was assessed by [H 3 ]triolein administration retroorbitally. CIH delayed TG clearance and suppressed TG uptake and LPL activity in all white adipose tissue depots, brown adipose tissue, and lungs, whereas heart, liver, and spleen were not affected. CD146+ CD11b α pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were responsible for TG uptake in the lungs and its inhibition by CIH. Antibody to Angptl4 decreased plasma TG levels and increased TG clearance and uptake into adipose tissue and lungs in both control and CIH mice to a similar extent, but did not reverse the effects of CIH. The antibody reversed the effects of CIH on LPL in adipose tissue and lungs. In conclusion, CIH inactivates LPL by upregulating Angptl4, but inhibition of TG uptake occurs predominantly via an Angptl4/LPL-independent mechanism.
Long-range Coulomb interaction in nodal-ring semimetals
Creators: name: Huh, Yejin
name: Moon, Eun-Gook
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently there have been several proposals of materials predicted to be nodal-ring semimetals, where zero energy excitations are characterized by a nodal ring in the momentum space. This class of materials falls between the Dirac-like semimetals and the more conventional Fermi-surface systems. As a step towards understanding this unconventional system, we explore the effects of the long-range Coulomb interaction. Due to the vanishing density of states at the Fermi level, Coulomb interaction is only partially screened and remains long-ranged. Through renormalization group and large-$N_f$ computations, we have identified a nontrivial interacting fixed point. The screened Coulomb interaction at the interacting fixed point is an irrelevant perturbation, allowing controlled perturbative evaluations of physical properties of quasiparticles. We discuss unique experimental consequences of such quasiparticles: acoustic wave propagation, anisotropic dc conductivity, and renormalized phonon dispersion as well as energy dependence of quasiparticle lifetime.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. v3: published
title: The clinical impact of Transient Severe Motion Artefact in hepatobiliary magnetic resonance imaging.
Creators: name: Slaven, Kirsty
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR
subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the symptoms and imaging findings associated with transient severe motion artefact (TSM) Highlight the incidence, risk factors and clinical significance of...
title: Air in the brain
Creators: name: Garcia Martinez, Beatriz
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Acute
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Emergency

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We propose to attend these objectives: To analyze the most usual presentations of cerebral air embolism To show the main imagingsigns of air embolism in the...
title: Co-variation of silicate, carbonate, and sulfide weathering drives CO2 release with erosion: Constraints from southern Taiwan.
Creators: name:  Bufe , Aaron
name:  Hovius , Niels
name:  Emberson , Robert
name:  Rugenstein , Jeremy
name:  Galy , Albert
name:  Hassenruck-Gudipati , Hima
name:  Chang , Jui-Ming
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: The supply of fresh minerals to Earth’s surface by erosion is thought to modulate global climate by removing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) through silicate weathering. In turn, weathering of accessory carbonate and sulfide minerals is a geologically-relevant CO2 source, which may dampen or reverse the effect of silicate weathering on climate. Although these weathering pathways commonly operate side by side, we lack quantitative constraints on their co-evolution across erosion-rate gradients. Using stream-water chemistry across a 3 order-of-magnitude erosion-rate gradient in shales and sandstones of southern Taiwan, here, we demonstrate that silicate, sulfide, and carbonate weathering are linked: Increasing sulfide oxidation generates sulfuric acid and boosts carbonate solubility whereas silicate weathering kinetics remain constant or even decline, perhaps due to buffering of the pH by carbonates. On timescales shorter than marine sulfide compensation, CO2 emission rates from weathering in rapidly-eroding terrain are more than twice the CO2 sequestration rates in slow-eroding terrain. On longer timescales, CO2 emissions are compensated, but CO2 sequestration rates do not increase with erosion, in contrast to assumptions in carbon cycle models. We posit that these patterns are broadly applicable to many Cenozoic mountain ranges that expose dominantly siliciclastic metasediments.
Macrophage A2A adenosinergic receptor modulates oxygen-induced augmentation of murine lung injury
Creators: name: Garibaldi, B.T.
name: Mock, J.R.
name: Sidhaye, V.
name: Avalos, C.
name: Powell, J.
name: Waickman, A.T.
name: Polotsky, V.Y.
name: Files, D.C.
name: Chau, E.
name: Eto, Y.
name: D'Alessio, F.R.
name: King, L.S.
name: Aggarwal, N.R.
name: Horton, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) causes significant morbidity and mortality. Exacerbating factors increasing the risk of ARDS remain unknown. Supplemental oxygen is oftennecessary inbothmild and severe lung disease. The potential effects of supplemental oxygen may include augmentation of lung inflammation by inhibiting antiinflammatory pathways in alveolar macrophages. We sought to determine oxygen- derived effects on the anti-inflammatory A2A adenosinergic (ADORA2A) receptor in macrophages, and the role of the ADORA2A receptor in lung injury. Wild-type (WT) and ADORA2A-/- mice received intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (IT LPS), followed 12 hours later by continuous exposure to 21% oxygen (control mice) or 60% oxygenfor1to3days. Wemeasuredthephenotypic endpoints of lung injury and the alveolarmacrophage inflammatory state.We tested an ADORA2A-specific agonist, CGS-21680 hydrochloride, in LPS plus oxygen-exposed WT and ADORA2A-/- mice. We determined the specific effects of myeloid ADORA2A, using chimera experiments. Compared with WT mice, ADORA2A-/- mice exposed to IT LPS and 60%oxygen demonstrated significantly more histologic lung injury, alveolar neutrophils, and protein. Macrophages from ADORA2A-/- mice exposedto LPS plus oxygen expressed higher concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and cosignaling molecules. CGS- 21680 prevented the oxygen-induced augmentation of lung injury after LPS only in WT mice. Chimera experiments demonstrated that the transfer of WT but not ADORA2A-/- bone marrow cells into irradiated ADORA2A-/- mice reduced lung injury after LPS plus oxygen, demonstrating myeloid ADORA2A protection. ADORA2A is protective against lung injury after LPS and oxygen. Oxygen after LPS increases macrophage activation to augment lung injury by inhibiting the ADORA2A pathway.
title: Because men get it too: what we need to know
Creators: name: Nuñez Barragan, Karla
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Recognize the imaging findings of a normal male breast. 2. Provide a review of the most frequent breast lesions encountered in males. 3. Describe the imaging features of non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions of the male breast using ultrasound...
Variable Stars in Local Group Galaxies. I: Tracing the Early Chemical Enrichment and Radial Gradients in the Sculptor dSph with RR Lyrae Stars
Creators: name: Martínez-Vázquez, C. E.
name: Monelli, M.
name: Bono, G.
name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Ferraro, I.
name: Bernard, E. J.
name: Gallart, C.
name: Fiorentino, G.
name: Iannicola, G.
name: Udalski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identified and characterized the largest (536) RR Lyrae (RRL) sample in a Milky Way dSph satellite (Sculptor) based on optical photometry data collected over $\sim$24 years. The RRLs display a spread in V-magnitude ($\sim$0.35 mag) which appears larger than photometric errors and the horizontal branch (HB) luminosity evolution of a mono-metallic population. Using several calibrations of two different reddening free and metal independent Period-Wesenheit relations we provide a new distance estimate $μ$=19.62 mag ($σ_μ$=0.04 mag) that agrees well with literature estimates. We constrained the metallicity distribution of the old population, using the $M_I$ Period-Luminosity relation, and we found that it ranges from -2.3 to -1.5 dex. The current estimate is narrower than suggested by low and intermediate spectroscopy of RGBs ($Δ$[Fe/H] $\le$ 1.5). We also investigated the HB morphology as a function of the galactocentric distance. The HB in the innermost regions is dominated by red HB stars and by RRLs, consistent with a more metal-rich population, while in the outermost regions it is dominated by blue HB stars and RRLs typical of a metal-poor population. Our results suggest that fast chemical evolution occurred in Sculptor, and that the radial gradients were in place at an early epoch.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS accepted
(101746) Ernest Holloway
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Neonatal brain MRI. When should we think in CMV?
Creators: name: Garcia Martinez, Beatriz
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Congenital
subject: Cerebral palsy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: CNS
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We propose to attend these objectives: To know the different patterns of cytomegalovirus infection in the newborn brain. To recognize the US and MR imaging findings of the congenital cytomegalovirus infection as well as the postnatal acquired...
title: MR neurography features of Sciatic Neuropathy Revisited: Imaging correlates of pathological substrates
Creators: name: Vadapalli, Ram Mohan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Pathology
subject: Inflammation
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To elucidate Imaging biomarkers of Sciatic Neuropathy . Clinical EMNG and MR Neurography features of Sciatic neuropathy. Common and Uncommon causes of Sciatic Neuropathy are...
Characterizing the effects of free carriers in fully-etched, dielectric-clad silicon waveguides
Creators: name: Sharma, Rajat
name: Puckett, Matthew W.
name: Lin, Hung-Hsi
name: Vallini, Felipe
name: Fainman, Yeshaiahu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically characterize the free-carrier plasma dispersion effect in fully-etched silicon waveguides, with various dielectric material claddings, due to fixed and interface charges at the silicon-dielectric interfaces. The values used for these charges are obtained from the measured capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of SiO2, SiNx, and Al2O3 thin films deposited on silicon substrates. The effect of the charges on the properties of silicon waveguides is then calculated using the semiconductor physics tool Silvaco in combination with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method solver Lumerical. Our results show that, in addition to being a critical factor in the analysis of such active devices as capacitively-driven silicon modulators, this effect should also be taken into account when considering the propagation losses of passive silicon waveguides.
title: Passive Subsurface Characterisation (PSC): Using the groundwater response to Earth tides and atmospheric pressure
Creators: name:  Rau , Gabriel C.
name:  Blum , Philipp
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Characterising subsurface hydraulic and geomechanical properties is a prerequisite for Earth resource management. Traditional approaches such as hydraulic testing are costly and require specific infrastructure as well as expertise which limits general testing capabilities. Passive Subsurface Characterisation (PSC) uses the groundwater response to natural forces, such as Earth tides and atmospheric pressure changes, to determine state of confinement and estimate hydro-geomechanical properties of the subsurface in-situ. This approach only requires standard measurements of groundwater hydraulic head and barometric pressure as well as theoretical Earth tides which can be calculated. This presentation gives an overview of the state of the science. Calculation of hydro-geomechanical subsurface properties from standard groundwater monitoring datasets can be done conveniently using the new python package HydroGeoSines (HGS). HGS contains key methods from the peer-reviewed literature and therefore allows anyone with python skills to apply PSC to their datasets. PSC offers cost-effective estimations and can be applied to existing datasets provided they meet minimum quality criteria. Further analysis applied to monitoring bores at different field sites around the world exemplifies that, apart from basic hydraulic properties (hydraulic conductivity, specific storage, barometric efficiency), the full poroelastic parameter space (porosity, shear, Young’s and bulk moduli, Skempton’s and Biot-Willis coeﬃcients and undrained/drained Poisson’s ratios) can be determined. Since PSC is an underutilised tool, this presentation aims to raise awareness as well as for the need to update groundwater monitoring practice to maximise the benefits of PSC.
Regulatory T cells reduce acute lung injury fibroproliferation by decreasing fibrocyte recruitment
Creators: name: King, L.S.
name: Mock, J.R.
name: Files, D.C.
name: Eto, Y.
name: Aggarwal, N.R.
name: Sidhaye, V.
name: Drummond, M.B.
name: Garibaldi, B.T.
name: D'Alessio, F.R.
name: Chau, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Acute lung injury (ALI) causes significant morbidity and mortality. Fibroproliferation in ALI results in worse outcomes, but the mechanisms governing fibroproliferation remain poorly understood. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important in lung injury resolution. Their role in fibroproliferation is unknown. We sought to identify the role of Tregs in ALI fibroproliferation, using a murine model of lung injury. Wild-type (WT) and lymphocyte-deficient Rag-1-/- mice received intratracheal LPS. Fibroproliferationwascharacterizedby histology and the measurement of lung collagen. Lung fibrocytes were measured by flow cytometry. To dissect the role of Tregs in fibroproliferation, Rag-1-/- mice received CD4 +CD25+ (Tregs) or CD4+ CD25- Tcells (non-Tregs) at the time of LPS injury. To define the role of the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12 (CXCL12)-CXCR4 pathway in ALI fibroproliferation, Rag-1-/- mice were treated with the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 to block fibrocyte recruitment. WT and Rag-1-/- mice demonstrated significant collagen deposition on Day 3 after LPS. WT mice exhibited the clearance of collagen, but Rag-1-/- mice developed persistent fibrosis. This fibrosis was mediated by the sustained epithelial expression of CXCL12 (or stromal cell-derived factor 1 [SDF-1]) that led to increased fibrocyte recruitment. The adoptive transfer of Tregs resolved fibroproliferation by decreasing CXCL12 expression and subsequent fibrocyte recruitment. Blockade of the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis with AMD3100 also decreased lung fibrocytes and fibroproliferation. These results indicate a central role for Tregs in the resolution of ALI fibroproliferation by reducing fibrocyte recruitment along the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis. A dissection of the role of Tregs in ALI fibroproliferation may inform the design of new therapeutic tools for patients with ALI.
Simulation of Time-dependent Heisenberg Models in 1D
Creators: name: Volosniev, A. G.
name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Zinner, N. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we provide a theoretical analysis of strongly interacting quantum systems confined by a time-dependent external potential in one spatial dimension. We show that such systems can be used to simulate spin chains described by Heisenberg Hamiltonians in which the exchange coupling constants can be manipulated by time-dependent driving of the shape of the external confinement. As illustrative examples, we consider a harmonic trapping potential with a variable frequency and an infinite square well potential with a time-dependent barrier in the middle.
description: Version accepted for publication in PRB
(101747) Elizabeth Mary Elkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Lumbosacral Plexus Unveiled: Imaging anatomy revisited with tips and tricks residents should know
Creators: name: Vadapalli, Ram Mohan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training
subject: Pathology
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To highlight the MRI techniques for Imaging of Lumbosacral plexus and How we do it Lessons Elucidate the MR anatomy of Lumbosacral plexus and to identify all the key branches and Nerves of the Plexus Overview common and Uncommon pathologies of...
Applications of citrus bioactive compounds in improving athletic status: a systematic review
Creators: name: Zare, Reza
name: Redha, Ali Ali
name: Wangdi, Jimmy
name: Bowtell, Joanna
name: Torquati, Luciana
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Sports Sciences

description: The aim of this study is to review the literature on the bioactive potential and applications of citrus bioactive compounds in sports nutrition
A critical role for muscle ring finger-1 in acute lung injury-associated skeletal muscle wasting
Creators: name: Aggarwal, N.R.
name: Patterson, C.
name: Tankersley, C.G.
name: Liu, C.
name: Messi, M.L.
name: Willis, M.S.
name: DeGorordo, A.
name: Kesari, P.
name: Johnston, L.F.
name: Furlow, J.D.
name: Bodine, S.C.
name: D'Alessio, F.R.
name: Crow, M.T.
name: Simmers, J.L.
name: Murdoch, J.
name: Garibaldi, B.T.
name: King, L.S.
name: Delbono, O.
name: Files, D.C.
name: Mock, J.R.
name: Cohn, R.D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Rationale: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a debilitating condition associated with severe skeletal muscle weakness thatpersists in humans long after lung injury has resolved. The molecular mechanisms underlying this condition are unknown. Objectives: To identify the muscle-specific molecular mechanisms responsible for muscle wasting in a mouse model of ALI. Methods:Changes in skeletal muscle weight, fiber size, in vivo contractile performance, and expression of mRNAs and proteins encoding muscle atrophy-associated genes for muscle ring finger-1 (MuRF1) and atrogin1 were measured. Genetic inactivation of MuRF1 or electroporation-mediated transduction of miRNA-based short hairpin RNAs targeting either MuRF1 or atrogin1 were used to identify their role in ALI-associated skeletal muscle wasting. Measurements and Main Results: Mice with ALI developed profound muscle atrophy and preferential loss of muscle contractile proteins associatedwith reducedmuscle function in vivo. Although mRNA expression of the muscle-specific ubiquitin ligases, MuRF1 and atrogin1, was increased in ALI mice, only MuRF1 protein levels were up-regulated. Consistent with these changes, suppression of MuRF1 by genetic or biochemical approaches prevented muscle fiber atrophy, whereas suppression of atrogin1 expression was without effect. Despite resolution of lung injury and down-regulation of MuRF1 and atrogin1, force generation in ALI mice remained suppressed. Conclusions: These data show that MuRF1 is responsible for mediating muscle atrophy that occurs during the period of active lung injury inALI mice and that, as in humans, skeletal muscle dysfunction persists despite resolution of lung injury.
Single Gate P-N Junctions in Graphene-Ferroelectric Devices
Creators: name: Hinnefeld, J. Henry
name: Xu, Ruijuan
name: Rogers, Steven
name: Pandya, Shishir
name: Shim, Moonsub
name: Martin, Lane W.
name: Mason, Nadya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene's linear dispersion relation and the attendant implications for bipolar electronics applications have motivated a range of experimental efforts aimed at producing p-n junctions in graphene. Here we report electrical transport measurements of graphene p-n junctions formed via simple modifications to a PbZr$_{0.2}$Ti$_{0.8}$O$_3$ substrate, combined with a self-assembled layer of ambient environmental dopants. We show that the substrate configuration controls the local doping region, and that the p-n junction behavior can be controlled with a single gate. Finally, we show that the ferroelectric substrate induces a hysteresis in the environmental doping which can be utilized to activate and deactivate the doping, yielding an `on-demand' p-n junction in graphene controlled by a single, universal backgate.
title: Impact of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio on abdominal fat distribution, fatty liver and hepatic volumes: a CT volumetric study
Creators: name: Acar, Türker
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Metabolic disorders

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio has been used to predict outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease, cancer and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Moreover, several studies have shown that N/Lratio is more elevated in...
(101745) Matilda Selina Radford
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Geohub: Sustainable Geomodeling
Creators: name:  Semmler , Georg
name:  Schaeben , Helmut
name:  Jasper , Heinrich
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Digital 3D geomodels are becoming a routine tool for geoscientific research, engineering and surveying. Most models incorporate various datasets into a simplified virtual representation of reality. Turning the process of model building into something sustainable, so that future users can build on the results and insights provided by a given model raises a number of questions: • How can we assure that other users can reconstruct the same model given the required information? • How do we ensure that repetition of a construction using the same information yields the same geomodel, such that the process itself is reproducible? With Geohub we present a theoretical framework to represent a construction process of a geomodel. We represent a construction process as directed acylic hypergraph. Each node of this hypergraph represents a dataset used or generated as part of the construction process. Each hyperedge represents a construction step, that transforms a set of input datasets into a single possible intermediate output dataset. Construction steps consists of a generic representation, which is executable with a computer. This enables us to repeat a construction process to: • check if the construction of a geomodel is reproducible by comparing the results of different repetitions • update a geomodel with new input data by repeating the construction using the new dataset • generate different realisations of the same geomodel built by input dataset based on stochastic distributions. Eventually we present an implementation of this framework ensuring repeatability of the construction process and reproducibility of the geomodels constructed in this way.
MTORC2 signalling regulates M2 macrophage differentiation in response to helminth infection and adaptive thermogenesis
Creators: name: Collins, S.L.
name: Powell, J.D.
name: Illei, P.B.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Hallowell, R.W.
name: Oh, M.
name: Vigeland, C.L.
name: Scott, A.L.
name: Craig, J.M.
name: Chan-Li, Y.
name: Mitzner, W.
name: Horton, M.R.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2017

description: Alternatively activated macrophages (M2) have an important function in innate immune responses to parasitic helminths, and emerging evidence also indicates these cells are regulators of systemic metabolism. Here we show a critical role for mTORC2 signalling in the generation of M2 macrophages. Abrogation of mTORC2 signalling in macrophages by selective conditional deletion of the adaptor molecule Rictor inhibits the generation of M2 macrophages while leaving the generation of classically activated macrophages (M1) intact. Selective deletion of Rictor in macrophages prevents M2 differentiation and clearance of a parasitic helminth infection in mice, and also abrogates the ability of mice to regulate brown fat and maintain core body temperature. Our findings define a role for mTORC2 in macrophages in integrating signals from the immune microenvironment to promote innate type 2 immunity, and also to integrate systemic metabolic and thermogenic responses.
Probing the nature of the TeV gamma-ray binary HESS J0632+057 by monitoring Be disk variability
Creators: name: Moritani, Yuki
name: Okazaki, Atsuo T.
name: Carciofi, Alex C.
name: Imada, Akira
name: Akitaya, Hiroshi
name: Ebisuda, Nana
name: Itoh, Ryosuke
name: Kawaguchi, Kenji
name: Mori, Kensho
name: Takaki, Katsutoshi
name: Ueno, Issei
name: Ui, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on monitoring observations of the TeV gamma-ray binary HESS J0632+057, which were carried out to constrain the interaction between the Be circumstellar disk and the compact object of unknown nature, and provide for the first time high-dispersion (R > 50000) optical spectra in the second half of the orbital cycle, from apastron through periastron. The Halpha, Hbeta, and Hgamma line profiles are found to exhibit remarkable short-term variability for ~1 month after the apastron (phase 0.6--0.7), whereas they show little variation near the periastron. These emission lines show "S-shaped" variations with timescale of ~150 days, which is about twice that reported previously. In contrast to the Balmer lines, no profile variability is seen in any FeII emission line. We estimate the radii of emitting regions of the Halpha, Hbeta, Hgamma, and FeII emission lines to be ~30, 11, 7, and 2 stellar radii (R_*), respectively. The amplitudes of the line profile variations in different lines indicate that the interaction with the compact object affects the Be disk down to, at least, the radius of 7 R_* after the apastron. This fact, together with little profile variability near the periastron, rules out the tidal force as the major cause of disk variability. Although this leaves the pulsar wind as the most likely candidate mechanism for disk variations, understanding the details of the interaction, particularly the mechanism for causing a large-scale disk disturbance after the apastron, remains an open question.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJ Letter
title: Normal findings and complications of breast implants.
Creators: name: FERNÁNDEZ SOBRINO, ISABEL
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Breast
subject: Complications
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The objetives are: - To review the types of breast implants and their normal radiologic features. - To describe the complications of breast implants inultrasound, mammography and magnetic...
title: Occlusive and stenotic lesions of carotid arteries. MSCT and MRI in repair planning and in identification of peri-procedural complications.
Creators: name: Krotova, Olga
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Show the findings by image in CT, MRI and Angiography for planning of open and endovascular surgery and for identification of periprocedural complications. Demonstrate the role of collateral vessels as an important determinant of outcome of vascular...
Deletion of mtorc1 activity in CD4+ T cells is associated with lung fibrosis and increased γδ T cells
Creators: name: Oh, M.-H.
name: Hughes, A.H.
name: Chan-Li, Y.
name: Horton, M.R.
name: Powell, J.D.
name: Vigeland, C.L.
name: Collins, S.L.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2016

description: Pulmonary fibrosis is a devastating, incurable disease in which chronic inflammation and dysregulated, excessive wound healing lead to progressive fibrosis, lung dysfunction, and ultimately death. Prior studies have implicated the cytokine IL-17A and Th17 cells in promoting the development of fibrosis. We hypothesized that loss of Th17 cells via CD4-specific deletion of mTORC1 activity would abrogate the development of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. However, in actuality loss of Th17 cells led to increased mortality and fibrosis in response to bleomycin. We found that in the absence of Th17 cells, there was continued production of IL-17A by γδT cells. These IL-17A+γδT cells were associated with increased lung neutrophils and M2 macrophages, accelerated development of fibrosis, and increased mortality. These data elucidate the critical role of IL-17A+ γδT cells in promoting chronic inflammation and fibrosis, and reveal a novel therapeutic target for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
One-hit wonder: Late after burn injury, granulocytes can clear one bacterial infection but cannot control a subsequent infection
Creators: name: Cairns, B.A.
name: Wolfgang, M.C.
name: Dunn, J.L.M.
name: Maile, R.
name: Duncan, D.N.
name: Kartchner, L.B.
name: Glenn, L.I.
name: Gode, C.J.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Objective: Burn injury induces an acute hyperactive immune response followed by a chronic immune dysregulation that leaves those afflicted susceptible to multiple secondary infections. Many murine models are able to recapitulate the acute immune response to burn injury, yet few models are able to recapitulate long-term immune suppression and thus chronic susceptibility to bacterial infections seen in burn patients. This has hindered the field, making evaluation of the mechanisms responsible for these susceptibilities difficult to study. Herein we describe a novel mouse model of burn injury that promotes chronic immune suppression allowing for susceptibility to primary and secondary infections and thus allows for the evaluation of associated mechanisms. Methods: C57Bl/6 mice receiving a full-thickness contact burn were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 days (primary infection) and/or 17 days (secondary infection) after burn or sham injury. The survival, pulmonary and systemic bacterial load as well as frequency and function of innate immune cells (neutrophils and macrophages) were evaluated. Results: Following secondary infection, burn mice were less effective in clearance of bacteria compared to sham injured or burn mice following a primary infection. Following secondary infection both neutrophils and macrophages recruited to the airways exhibited reduced production of anti-bacterial reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and the pro-inflammatory cytokineIL-12 while macrophages demonstrated increased expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 compared to those from sham burned mice and/or burn mice receiving a primary infection. In addition the BALF from these mice contained significantly higher level so of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 compared to those from sham burned mice and/or burn mice receiving a primary infection. Conclusions: Burn-mediated protection from infection is transient, with a secondary infection inducing immune protection to collapse. Repeated infection leads to increased neutrophil and macrophage numbers in the lungs late after burn injury, with diminished innate immune cell function and an increased anti-inflammatory cytokine environment.
CP(N-1) Quantum Field Theories with Alkaline-Earth Atoms in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Laflamme, C.
name: Evans, W.
name: Dalmonte, M.
name: Gerber, U.
name: Mejía-Díaz, H.
name: Bietenholz, W.
name: Wiese, U. -J.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a cold atom implementation to attain the continuum limit of (1+1)-d CP(N-1) quantum field theories. These theories share important features with (3+1)-d QCD, such as asymptotic freedom and $θ$ vacua. Moreover, their continuum limit can be accessed via the mechanism of dimensional reduction. In our scheme, the CP(N-1) degrees of freedom emerge at low energies from a ladder system of SU(N) quantum spins, where the N spin states are embodied by the nuclear Zeeman states of alkaline-earth atoms, trapped in an optical lattice. Based on Monte Carlo results, we establish that the continuum limit can be demonstrated by an atomic quantum simulation by employing the feature of asymptotic freedom. We discuss a protocol for the adiabatic state preparation of the ground state of the system, the real-time evolution of a false $θ$-vacuum state after a quench, and we propose experiments to unravel the phase diagram at non-zero density.
description: Published Version, Added impurity analysis