cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two novel families of multiscale staggered patch schemes efficiently simulate large-scale, weakly damped, linear waves
Creators: name: Divahar, J.
name: Roberts, A. J.
name: Mattner, Trent W.
name: Bunder, J. E.
name: Kevrekidis, Ioannis G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many multiscale wave systems exhibit macroscale emergent behaviour, for example, the fluid dynamics of floods and tsunamis. Resolving a large range of spatial scales typically requires a prohibitively high computational cost. The small dissipation in wave systems poses a significant challenge to further developing multiscale modelling methods in multiple dimensions. This article develops and evaluates two families of equation-free multiscale methods on novel 2D staggered patch schemes, and demonstrates the power and utility of these multiscale schemes for weakly damped linear waves. A detailed study of sensitivity to numerical roundoff errors establishes the robustness of developed staggered patch schemes. Comprehensive eigenvalue analysis over a wide range of parameters establishes the stability, accuracy, and consistency of the multiscale schemes. Analysis of the computational complexity shows that the measured compute times of the multiscale schemes may be 10^5 times smaller than the compute time for the corresponding full-domain computation. This work provides the essential foundation for efficient large-scale simulation of challenging nonlinear multiscale waves.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures, and 6 tables
May, Reinhard, Humes Moralphilosophie unter chinesischem Einfluss
Creators: name: Wissemann, Michael
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: May, Reinhard, Humes Moralphilosophie unter chinesischem Einfluss, Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag 2012, 122 S., (ISBN 978-3-515- 10044-1).
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 3 (2012): Forum Classicum
Magnetism and its microscopic origin in iron-based high-temperature superconductors
Creators: name: Dai, Pengcheng
name: Hu, Jiangping
name: Dagotto, Elbio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-temperature superconductivity in the iron-based materials emerges from, or sometimes coexists with, their metallic or insulating parent compound states. This is surprising since these undoped states display dramatically different antiferromagnetic (AF) spin arrangements and N$\rm \acute{e}$el temperatures. Although there is general consensus that magnetic interactions are important for superconductivity, much is still unknown concerning the microscopic origin of the magnetic states. In this review, progress in this area is summarized, focusing on recent experimental and theoretical results and discussing their microscopic implications. It is concluded that the parent compounds are in a state that is more complex than implied by a simple Fermi surface nesting scenario, and a dual description including both itinerant and localized degrees of freedom is needed to properly describe these fascinating materials.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, Review article, accepted for publication in Nature Physics
Gravitational lensing in plasma: Relativistic images at homogeneous plasma
Creators: name: Tsupko, Oleg Yu.
name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, Gennady S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of plasma presence on relativistic images formed by Schwarzschild black hole lensing. When a gravitating body is surrounded by a plasma, the lensing angle depends on a frequency of the electromagnetic wave due to refraction properties, and the dispersion properties of the light propagation in gravitational field in plasma. The last effect leads to difference, even in uniform plasma, of gravitational deflection angle in plasma from vacuum case. This angle depends on the photon frequency, what resembles the properties of the refractive prism spectrometer. Here we consider the case of a strong deflection angle for the light, traveling near the Schwarzschild black hole, surrounded by a uniform plasma. Asymptotic formulae are obtained for the case of a very large deflection angle, exceeding $2π$. We apply these formulae for calculation of position and magnification of relativistic images in a homogeneous plasma, which are formed by the photons performing one or several revolutions around the central object. We conclude that the presence of the uniform plasma increases the angular size of relativistic rings or the angular separation of point images from the gravitating center. The presence of the uniform plasma increases also a magnification of relativistic images. The angular separation and the magnification become significantly larger than in the vacuum case, when the photon frequency goes to a plasma frequency.
description: accepted to Physical Review D
UNDERSTANDING ,ACTIONABILITY AND SUITABILITY OF EDUCATIONAL VIDEOS ON HOME-BASED STROKE REHABILITATION PROGRAM: A SCOPING REVIEW
Creators: name: RAZAK, MUHAMMAD
name: Manaf, Haidzir
name: Nordin, Nor
name: Roslan, Nor
name: Alghwiri, Alia
name: Zohdi, Wan
name: Hashim, Natiara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Educational Video
subject: Home-Based Stroke Rehabilitation
subject: Neurorehabilitation
subject: Stroke

description: Background: Educational video is a productive means to advocate home-based stroke rehabilitation programs among individuals with stroke. This study assesses the understandability, actionability, and suitability of newly developed educational videos encouraging home-based stroke rehabilitation among individuals with stroke. Method: A scoping review will be carried out and reported based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA 2020). A literature search was performed in several online databases, namely MedlinePlus, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing, and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify home-based stroke rehabilitation intervention components, theories, and other relevant clinical guidelines. Discussion: This review will offer updated information regarding educational videos on home-based stroke rehabilitation in managing the stroke population. This review is essential in identifying the feasibility and validity of educational videos on home-based stroke rehabilitation among individuals with stroke and also can determine the best components that clinical practitioners can use to improve stroke recovery.
Latein und Europa. Spurensuche in Texten und Bildern. Bearbeitet von Michael Hotz / Der Staat und der Einzelne. Cicero, De republica. Bearbeitet von Michael Dronia / „Ich bitte um Gnade, Caesar!“ Ciceros Rede Pro Ligario. Bearbeitet von Ulf Jesper
Creators: name: Schmitz, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu:

Latein und Europa. Spurensuche in Texten und Bildern. Bearbeitet von Michael Hotz, Reihe: Transfer Band 14. Bamberg: Buchners Verlag 2011, 48 S. (ISBN978-3-7661-5174-2).

Der Staat und der Einzelne. Cicero, De republica. Bearbeitet von Michael Dronia, Reihe: Transfer Band 15. Bamberg: Buchners Verlag 2011, 92 S. (ISBN 978-3-7661 -5175-9).

„Ich bitte um Gnade, Caesar!“ Ciceros Rede Pro Ligario. Bearbeitet von Ulf Jesper, Reihe: Transfer Band 16. Bamberg: Buchners Verlag 2012, 48 S. (ISBN978-3-7661-5176-6).
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 3 (2012): Forum Classicum
Additional file 1 of Effects of Upper-Body Plyometric Training on Physical Fitness in Healthy Youth and Young Adult Participants: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Garcia-Carrillo, Exal
name: Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo
name: Thapa, Rohit K.
name: Afonso, José
name: Granacher, Urs
name: Izquierdo, Mikel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Search strategy (code line) for each database.
$β^{+}$ Gamow-Teller strengths from unstable $^{14}$O via the $(d,{}^2\text{He})$ reaction in inverse kinematics
Creators: name: Giraud, S.
name: Zamora, J. C.
name: Zegers, R.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Ayyad, Y.
name: Bacca, S.
name: Beceiro-Novo, S.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Carls, A.
name: Chen, J.
name: Cortesi, M.
name: DeNudt, M.
name: Hagen, G.
name: Hultquist, C.
name: Maher, C.
name: Mittig, W.
name: Ndayisabye, F.
name: Noji, S.
name: Novario, S. J.
name: Pereira, J.
name: Rahman, Z.
name: Schmitt, J.
name: Serikow, M.
name: Sun, L. J.
name: Surbrook, J.
name: Watwood, N.
name: Wheeler, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, the $(d,{}^2\text{He})$ reaction was successfully used in inverse kinematics to extract the Gamow-Teller transition strength in the $β^{+}$ direction from an unstable nucleus. The nucleus studied was $^{14}$O, and the Gamow-Teller transition strength to $^{14}$N was extracted up to an excitation energy of 22 MeV. The measurement of the $(d,{}^2\text{He})$ reaction in inverse kinematics was made possible by the combination of an active target time projection chamber and a magnetic spectrometer. The data were used to test shell-model and state-of-the-art coupled cluster calculations. Shell-model calculations reproduce the measured Gamow-Teller strength distribution up to about 15 MeV reasonably well, after the application of a phenomenological quenching factor. Coupled-cluster calculation reproduces the full strength distribution well without such quenching, owing to the large model space, the inclusion of strong correlations, and the coupling of the weak interaction to two nucleons through two-body currents. This indicates that such calculations provide a very promising path for answering long-standing questions about the observed quenching of Gamow-Teller strengths in nuclei.
Informed, uninformed or misinformed? A cross-national analysis of populist party supporters across European democracies
Creators: name: van Kessel, Stijn
name: Sajuria, Javier
name: Van Hauwaert, Steven M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Recent research suggests that populist party supporters are not necessarily unsophisticated protest voters. This leads us to question the still popular assumption that these individuals are politically uninformed. Simultaneously, given the current political and media climate and debates about ‘fake news’, this article asks to what extent misinformation, i.e. the possession of erroneous political information, stimulates populist party support. Survey data from nine European democracies are used to assess to what extent populist party supporters differ from abstainers and non-populist party supporters in terms of their political information and misinformation. It is found that holding correct political information relates positively to the likelihood of turning out, whether it is to support populist or non-populist parties. It is further found that political misinformation relates positively to support for right-wing populist parties. The findings provide a first empirical and comparative contribution to recent debates that seek to connect misinformation and political behaviour.
The reshaping of political conflict over Europe: from pre-Maastricht to post-‘Euro crisis’
Creators: name: Schäfer, Constantin
name: Popa, Sebastian A.
name: Braun, Daniela
name: Schmitt, Hermann
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Party competition over European integration is structured by two main dimensions of political conflict: a socio-economic dimension (market liberalisation vs. a more regulated economy) and a socio-cultural dimension (libertarian, cosmopolitan values vs. authoritarian, nationalist values). This article investigates the relationship between these conflict dimensions and parties’ positions towards EU issues across time and space, in particular focussing on two ‘critical junctures’ in the European unification process. For this purpose, analysis is made of the election manifestos of parties competing in European Parliament elections (Euromanifestos) from 1979 to 2014. First, it is found that the key moment of the Maastricht treaty significantly reshaped party competition over Europe. After Maastricht, positions towards European integration have become less connected to the economic dimension and much more related to the cultural dimension in Western Europe. Second, it is contended that the Euro crisis has not dramatically restructured political conflict over European integration.
title: Βιβλιογραφική επισκόπηση πρόβλεψη τουριστικών αφίξεων
Creators: name: Κορακας Νικολαος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2015

description: Καταγραφή σε πίνακες μεθόδων πρόβλεψης τουριστικών αφίξεων σε σημαντικούς παγκόσμιους τουριστικούς προορισμούς
Cavity Jahn-Teller Polaritons in Molecules
Creators: name: Nandipati, Krishna
name: Vendrell, Oriol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Jahn-Teller (JT) polaritons, which emerge from the interaction of the two normal-incidence electromagnetic modes with perpendicular polarizations in a Fabry-Perot cavity resonator with JT active systems. These JT polaritons are characterized by a mixed $(+/-)$--circular electromagnetic polarization that originates from the molecular JT vibronic coupling of the material subsystem. Consequently, the exchange of photonic and vibronic angular momenta can be very efficient; exciting the cavity-JT system with short, polarized light pulses results in a dynamical and oscillatory response of the polarization in the cavity medium. Due to the photonic-vibronic coupling, we show how the cavity polarization direction becomes frequency dependent and does not necessarily coincide with the polarization direction of the external fields used to drive the system.
description: 6 pages, 4 Figures
Entanglement-Enhanced Optomechanical Sensing
Creators: name: Xia, Yi
name: Agrawal, Aman R.
name: Pluchar, Christian M.
name: Brady, Anthony J.
name: Liu, Zhen
name: Zhuang, Quntao
name: Wilson, Dalziel J.
name: Zhang, Zheshen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optomechanical systems have been exploited in ultrasensitive measurements of force, acceleration, and magnetic fields. The fundamental limits for optomechanical sensing have been extensively studied and now well understood -- the intrinsic uncertainties of the bosonic optical and mechanical modes, together with the backaction noise arising from the interactions between the two, dictate the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL). Advanced techniques based on nonclassical probes, in-situ pondermotive squeezed light, and backaction-evading measurements have been developed to overcome the SQL for individual optomechanical sensors. An alternative, conceptually simpler approach to enhance optomechanical sensing rests upon joint measurements taken by multiple sensors. In this configuration, a pathway toward overcoming the fundamental limits in joint measurements has not been explored. Here, we demonstrate that joint force measurements taken with entangled probes on multiple optomechanical sensors can improve the bandwidth in the thermal-noise-dominant regime or the sensitivity in shot-noise-dominant regime. Moreover, we quantify the overall performance of entangled probes with the sensitivity-bandwidth product and observe a 25% increase compared to that of the classical probes. The demonstrated entanglement-enhanced optomechanical sensing could enable new capabilities for inertial navigation, acoustic imaging, and searches for new physics.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
Moderner Humanismus - Perspektiven und Reflexionen. Festvortrag, gehalten am 6.10.2011 anlässlich des zehnjährigen Bestehens des Sächsischen Landesgymnasiums in St. Afra in Meißen
Creators: name: Kipf, Stefan
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 4 (2012): Forum Classicum
Generalized Parton Distributions of the Photon with Helicity Flip
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Asmita
name: Nair, Sreeraj
name: Ojha, Vikash Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of the photon when the helicity of the initial photon is different from the final photon. We calculate the GPDs using overlaps of photon light-front wave functions (LFWFs) at leading order in electromagnetic coupling $α$ and zeroth order in the strong coupling $α_s$, when the momentum transfer is purely in the transverse direction. These involve a contribution of orbital angular momentum of two units in the LFWFs. We express these GPDs in the impact parameter space.
description: Minor changes, version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Gravitational Tension and Thermodynamics of Planar AdS Spacetimes
Creators: name: El-Menoufi, Basem Mahmoud
name: Ett, Benjamin
name: Kastor, David
name: Traschen, Jennie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive new thermodynamic relations for asymptotically planar AdS black hole and soliton solutions. In addition to the ADM mass, these spacetimes are characterized by gravitational tensions in each of the planar spatial directions. We show that with planar AdS asymptotics, the sum of the ADM mass and tensions necessarily vanishes, as one would expect from the AdS /CFT correspondence. Each Killing vector of such a spacetime leads to a Smarr formula relating the ADM mass and tensions, the black hole horizon and soliton bubble areas, and a set of thermodynamic volumes that arise due to the non-vanishing cosmological constant. These Smarr relations display an interesting symmetry between black holes and bubbles, being invariant under the simultaneous interchange of the mass and black hole horizon area with the tension and soliton bubble area. This property may indicate a symmetry between the confining and deconfined phases of the dual gauge theory.
description: 23 pages; v2 references added
Two Images: Corner of Drawing room, Cheyne Row, and Back Dining Room, 1881
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Homes
Dining rooms
Drawing rooms
Sofas
Fireplaces

description: Two images: "Corner of Drawing room, Cheyne Row. By C Baly Summer 1881"; "Back Dining room Cheyne Row (C. Baly) Summer 1881"
Two images: Drawing Room, and "Drawingroom Fireplace, Cheyne Row
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Homes
Drawing rooms
Bookcases
Fireplaces
Furniture

description: Two images: "Chelsea 1881 Drawing Room"; and "Drawingroom fireplace &c Cheyne Row / Photo by C. Baly, Summer 1881"
Lagrangian model for passive scalar gradients in turbulence
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaolong
name: Carbone, Maurizio
name: Bragg, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation for the fluid velocity gradient along a Lagrangian trajectory immediately follows from the Navier-Stokes equation. However, such an equation involves two terms that cannot be determined from the velocity gradient along the chosen Lagrangian path: the pressure Hessian and the viscous Laplacian. A recent model handles these unclosed terms using a multi-level version of the recent deformation of Gaussian fields (RDGF) closure (Johnson \& Meneveau, Phys.~Rev.~Fluids, 2017). This model is in remarkable agreement with DNS data and works for arbitrary Taylor Reynolds numbers $\Rey_λ$. Inspired by this, we develop a Lagrangian model for passive scalar gradients in isotropic turbulence. The equation for passive scalar gradients also involves an unclosed term in the Lagrangian frame, namely the scalar gradient diffusion term, which we model using the RDGF approach. However, comparisons of the statistics obtained from this model with direct numerical simulation (DNS) data reveal substantial errors due to erroneously large fluctuations generated by the model. We address this defect by incorporating into the closure approximation information regarding the scalar gradient production along the local trajectory history of the particle. This modified model makes predictions for the scalar gradients, their production rates, and alignments with the strain-rate eigenvectors that are in very good agreement with DNS data. However, while the model yields valid predictions up to around $\Rey_λ\approx 500$, beyond this, the model breaks down.
Additional file 1 of Association of distance between hospitals and volume of shared admissions
Creators: name: Turbow, Sara D.
name: Uppal, Teg
name: Chang, Howard H.
name: Ali, Mohammed K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix1. Sample development diagram. Appendix 2. Distribution of hospitalcharacteristics of admission hospitals in admission-readmission dyads. Appendix 3. Distribution of hospitalcharacteristics of readmission hospitals in dyads. Appendix 4. Sensitivity analyses for additional hospital/payer characteristics, all readmissions. Appendix 5. Distribution of hospital characteristics of index hospitals in dyads, 30-day readmissions. Appendix 6. Distribution of hospital characteristics of readmission hospitals in dyads, 30-day readmissions. Appendix 7. Linear regression models, 30-day readmissions. Appendix 8. Distribution of hospital characteristics of index hospitals in dyads, first admission-readmission pair only. Appendix 9. Distribution of hospital characteristics of readmission hospitals in dyads, first admission-readmission pair only. Appendix 10. Linear regression models, first admission-readmission pair only. Appendix 11. Linear regression models, outcome is percent of total admissions to admission and readmission hospital.
Populism between voting and non-electoral participation
Creators: name: Pirro, Andrea L. P.
name: Portos, Martín
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: The article focuses on a neglected aspect of populist mobilisation, i.e. non-electoral participation (NEP), and elaborates on the extent to which populist party voters engage politically outside the polling station. The study addresses the question that populist parties and movements of the left and right originate from distinctive political experiences, and drive different forms of engagement with politics. The hypotheses are tested on NEP, based on populist party vote, social values and issue preferences relying on a unique cross-national survey. The findings significantly broaden our understanding of populist mobilisation and refine a number of notions related to the different logics of participation of the left and right. While challenging common understandings of populism as inherently distrustful and apathetic, and protest as an exclusive practice of the left, the study critically places NEP at the heart of populism in general, and populist right politics in particular.
Pressure induced ferromagnetism in antiferromagnetic Fe_1.03Te
Creators: name: Bendele, M.
name: Maisuradze, A.
name: Roessli, B.
name: Gvasaliya, S. N.
name: Pomjakushina, E.
name: Weyeneth, S.
name: Conder, K.
name: Keller, H.
name: Khasanov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic properties of Fe1.03Te under hydrostatic pressure up to p ~ 5.7 GPa were investigated by means of muon spin rotation, dc magnetization, and neutron depolarization measurements. With increasing pressure the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature TN decreases continuously from 70 K at ambient pressure towards higher pressures. Surprisingly, the commensurate antiferromagnetic order of FeTe enters a region of incommensurate and dynamical magnetic order before at p ~ 1.7 GPa the system turns ferromagnetic. The ferromagnetic ordering temperature TC increases with increasing pressure.
Ein neuer spiralkeramischer Kreis an der Nordostküste der Adria
Creators: name: Reinecke, Paul
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2017

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 23, Nr. 4 (1939)
From Nano to Macro: Overview of the IEEE Bio Image and Signal Processing Technical Committee
Creators: name: Aviyente, Selin
name: Frangi, Alejandro
name: Meijering, Erik
name: Muñoz-Barrutia, Arrate
name: Liebling, Michael
name: Van De Ville, Dimitri
name: Olivo-Marin, Jean-Christophe
name: Kovačević, Jelena
name: Unser, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The Bio Image and Signal Processing (BISP) Technical Committee (TC) of the IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) promotes activities within the broad technical field of biomedical image and signal processing. Areas of interest include medical and biological imaging, digital pathology, molecular imaging, microscopy, and associated computational imaging, image analysis, and image-guided treatment, alongside physiological signal processing, computational biology, and bioinformatics. BISP has 40 members and covers a wide range of EDICS, including CIS-MI: Medical Imaging, BIO-MIA: Medical Image Analysis, BIO-BI: Biological Imaging, BIO: Biomedical Signal Processing, BIO-BCI: Brain/Human-Computer Interfaces, and BIO-INFR: Bioinformatics. BISP plays a central role in the organization of the IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) and contributes to the technical sessions at the IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), and the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP). In this paper, we provide a brief history of the TC, review the technological and methodological contributions its community delivered, and highlight promising new directions we anticipate.
Deservingness perceptions, welfare state support and vote choice in Western Europe
Creators: name: Attewell, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In today’s diversified party systems, the economic dimension is no longer a unidimensional conflict between pro-redistribution voters of the left and anti-redistribution voters of the right. Analyzing 2016 European Social Survey data for 15 Western European countries, this article argues that perceptions of the deservingness of benefit recipients and attitudes towards the scope of the welfare state are distinct, powerful predictors of vote choice. The effects of attitudes on these two subdimensions are strong and congruent in predicting voting for older party families. Deservingness perceptions are an even more powerful predictor of voting for green and radical right parties, while attitudes towards the scope of the welfare state are not significant predictors of voting for either. Disaggregating the economic left/right reveals that certain types of redistribution attitudes predict vote choice even for parties known for their positions on ‘non-economic’ issues like immigration and European integration.
Soft local times and decoupling of random interlacements
Creators: name: Popov, Serguei
name: Teixeira, Augusto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35 (Primary), 60G50, 82C41 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we establish a decoupling feature of the random interlacement process I^u in Z^d, at level u, for d \geq 3. Roughly speaking, we show that observations of I^u restricted to two disjoint subsets A_1 and A_2 of Z^d are approximately independent, once we add a sprinkling to the process I^u by slightly increasing the parameter u. Our results differ from previous ones in that we allow the mutual distance between the sets A_1 and A_2 to be much smaller than their diameters. We then provide an important application of this decoupling for which such flexibility is crucial. More precisely, we prove that, above a certain critical threshold u**, the probability of having long paths that avoid I^u is exponentially small, with logarithmic corrections for d=3. To obtain the above decoupling, we first develop a general method for comparing the trace left by two Markov chains on the same state space. This method is based in what we call the soft local time of a chain. In another crucial step towards our main result, we also prove that any discrete set can be "smoothened" into a slightly enlarged discrete set, for which its equilibrium measure behaves in a regular way. Both these auxiliary results are interesting in themselves and are presented independently from the rest of the paper.
description: 10 figures
Non-line-of-sight imaging with arbitrary illumination and detection pattern
Creators: name: Liu, Xintong
name: Wang, Jianyu
name: Xiao, Leping
name: Shi, Zuoqiang
name: Fu, Xing
name: Qiu, Lingyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging aims at reconstructing targets obscured from the direct line of sight. Existing NLOS imaging algorithms require dense measurements at rectangular grid points in a large area of the relay surface, which severely hinders their availability to variable relay scenarios in practical applications such as robotic vision, autonomous driving, rescue operations and remote sensing. In this work, we propose a Bayesian framework for NLOS imaging with no specific requirements on the spatial pattern of illumination and detection points. By introducing virtual confocal signals, we design a confocal complemented signal-object collaborative regularization (CC-SOCR) algorithm for high quality reconstructions. Our approach is capable of reconstructing both albedo and surface normal of the hidden objects with fine details under the most general relay setting. Moreover, with a regular relay surface, coarse rather than dense measurements are enough for our approach such that the acquisition time can be reduced significantly. As demonstrated in multiple experiments, the new framework substantially enhances the applicability of NLOS imaging.
description: main article: 32 pages with 8 figures; supplementary information: 49 pages with 26 figures
Additional file 1 of Gut microbiota of the young ameliorates physical fitness of the aged in mice
Creators: name: Kim, Kwang H.
name: Chung, Yusook
name: Huh, Ji-Won
name: Park, Dong Jin
name: Cho, Yejin
name: Oh, Yeseul
name: Jeong, Haengdueng
name: Yoon, Jaekyung
name: Kang, Ju-Hee
name: Shin, Hae-Sol
name: Kim, Hyoung-Chin
name: Kwon, Soon-Kyeong
name: Seo, Kyoung Yul
name: Oh, Seung Hyun
name: Seong, Je Kyung
name: Ha, Sang-Jun
name: Nam, Ki Taek
name: Kim, Jihyun F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Physiological characteristics of old mice exposed to the three treatments. Figure S2. Physiological characteristics of very old mice transplanted with microbiota from control, very old, and young mice. Figure S3. Immune profile of FMT mice. Figure S4. Correlation analysis between microbial clusters and DEGs in the colon tissue.
Sex als Motor. Warum es zwei Geschlechter gibt
Creators: name: Wink, Michael
Publisher: name: Ruperto Carola
Year: 2017

description: Die einfachste Art, sich zu vermehren, ist die Zweiteilung. So machen es einzellige Lebewesen, beispielsweise die Bakterien. Geschmälert wird ihr Fortpflanzungserfolg dadurch nicht. Mehrzellige Organismen bevorzugen es, sich auf sexuellem Wege fortzupflanzen. Das bedeutet einen erheblichen Mehraufwand – nicht allein, was die Suche nach einem geeigneten Partner angeht. Was also ist der Vorteil von zwei Geschlechtern? Geht es nicht auch ohne Sex?
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 10 (2017): Frau & Mann
Soziale Ligaturen im Wandel: Fragmente einer Analyse sozialer Ungleichheiten
Creators: name: Messner, Angelika C.
Publisher: name: Studium Generale
Year: 2017

description: Bei einer Einwohnerzahl von 1,369 Milliarden (Stand Juli 2013) weist die VR China zwar ein geringes Durchschnittsalter der Bevölkerung mit 36,3 Jahren auf, global gesehen aber leben hier bereits jetzt die meisten über Sechzigjährigen. China ist dem Klub der alternden, entwickelten Industriestaaten beigetreten – ohne bereits selbst ein entwickeltes Industrieland zu sein. Neben dem notorischen Frauenmangel und dem rapiden Anstieg der Lebenserwartung auf durchschnittlich 72 Jahre, beunruhigt die Tatsache, dass gegenwärtig die erste Elterngeneration der Ein-Kind-Politik das Rentenalter erreicht: Ihre Nachkommen, Einzelkinder, müssten beide Elternteile und vier Großelternteile (d.h. sechs Personen) versorgen. Auch wenn das im Juli 2013 lancierte Gesetz zum „Schutz der Rechte und Interessen älterer Menschen“ die Kinder von über Sechzigjährigen zu regelmäßigen besuchen verpflichtet, kann dies die staatlich kaum existente Altenpflege nicht wirklich ersetzen.

Der Vortrag stellt die Frage nach den Bindungen und Ligaturen angesichts einer sich verändernden Ökonomie und Moral-Landschaft in einzelnen Lebensverläufen alter Menschen.
description: Studium Generale, Anders altern
title: Τεχνικές εξαγωγής σημείων ενδιαφέροντος σε τούνελ από σκυρόδεμα
Creators: name: Δαβαρης Κωνσταντινος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2015

description: Τον τελευταίο καιρό το ενδιαφέρον της ανίχνευσης ρωγμών και θρυμματισμών στα τούνελ έχει αυξηθεί. Αρκετά τούνελ βρίσκονται σε λειτουργία πολλά χρόνια, ενώ το κόστος κατασκευής ενός νέου τούνελ είναι πολύ υψηλό. Η ύπαρξη πολλών ατυχημάτων, κατά καιρούς, έχει καταστήσει την παρακολούθηση και ανίχνευση της δομικής τους κατάστασης επιτακτική.
Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, δημιουργήθηκε ένας αλγόριθμος, στον οποίο χρησιμοποιήθηκαν και αξιολογήθηκαν πέντε διαφορετικοί ανιχνευτές που πάρθηκαν από την εργαλειοθήκη της Matlab, με απώτερο σκοπό την ανίχνευση ρωγμών και θρυμματισμών στην εσωτερική επένδυση ενός τούνελ από σκυρόδεμα. Τα δεδομένα που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ήταν 37 πραγματικές φωτογραφίες από το τούνελ V-S-H της Ελβετίας. Κάθε μια από τις 37 φωτογραφίες, έχει την αντίστοιχή της σχολιαστική εικόνα (annotation image), η οποία εμπεριέχει τις ακριβείς συντεταγμένες των ελαττωματικών σημείων του σκυροδέματος. Οι πραγματικές φωτογραφίες, σε συνδυασμό με τις αντίστοιχες τους σχολιαστικές εικόνες, χρησιμοποιούνται προκειμένου να ανευρεθούν και να διαχωριστούν, τα ελαττωματικά σημεία θρυμματισμών και ρωγμών, από τα σημεία που δεν είναι ελαττωματικά σε δομικό επίπεδο. Τα σημεία αυτά χρησιμοποιούνται για την αξιολόγηση των ανιχνευτών και, κατ’ επέκταση, την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων. Συμπερασματικά, ο ανιχνευτής  SURF  δίνει τα πιο εύρωστα αποτελέσματα ως προς την συνολική αξιολόγηση των ελλατωμάτων των τούνελ σκυροδέματος. Εν αντιθέσει, ο Harris παρουσιάζει καλύτερη απόδοση στον εντοπισμό των θρυμματισμών ενώ ο BRISK για τις ρωγμές.
description: Recently, the detection of structural defects (cracks and spallings) has been of great interest. Several tunnels have been in operation for many years, while the cost of a new tunnel construction is very high. Occasionally, there have been many accidents, which require the immediate inspection and detection of their structural state.
In this diploma thesis, we developed an algorithm, which uses and assesses five different detectors from the Computer Vision Matlab toolbox. Our ultimate goal is to detect cracks and spallings in the inner concrete lining of a tunnel. The data used are 37 real-time images of the tunnel V-S-H in Switzerland. Each one of the 37 images, has its respective annotation image, which includes the exact coordinates of the defective points of the concrete lining. We use these real-time images combined with their respective annotation images, so as to find and separate the defective points (cracks and spallings), from the structurally non-defective points. These points are used to assess the detectors selected, thus to reach a useful conclusion. In conclusion, SURF descriptor yields the most robust results as regards the total defects of concrete tunnel. On the contrary, Harris presents the best performance in detecting spalling defects while BRISK as for the cracks.
Exact momentum fluctuations of an accelerated quark in N=4 super Yang-Mills
Creators: name: Fiol, Bartomeu
name: Garolera, Blai
name: Torrents, Genis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we consider a heavy quark moving with constant proper acceleration in the vacuum of any four dimensional conformal field theory. We argue that the two-point function of its momentum fluctuations is exactly captured by the Bremsstrahlung function that gives the total radiated power. For the particular case of N=4 SU(N) SYM this function is exactly known, so in this case we obtain an explicit expression for the momentum diffusion coefficient, and check that various limits of this result are reproduced by probe computations in AdS_5. Finally, we evaluate this transport coefficient for a heavy quark accelerated in the vacuum of N=4 SU(3) SYM, and comment on possible lessons of our results for the study of heavy quarks traversing the super Yang-Mills plasma.
description: 22+1 pages ; 2 figures. v2: added references
Van der Waals Interactions in Density Functional Theory by combining the Quantum Harmonic Oscillator-model with Localized Wannier Functions
Creators: name: Silvestrelli, Pier Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new scheme to include the van der Waals (vdW) interactions in approximated Density Functional Theory (DFT) by combining the Quantum Harmonic Oscillator model with the Maximally Localized Wannier Function technique. With respect to the recently developed DFT/vdW-WF2 method, also based on Wannier Functions, the new approach is more general, being no longer restricted to the case of well separated interacting fragments. Moreover, it includes higher than pairwise energy contributions, coming from the dipole--dipole coupling among quantum oscillators. The method is successfully applied to the popular S22 molecular database, and also to extended systems, namely graphite and H$_2$ adsorbed on the Cu(111) metal surface (in this case metal screening effects are taken into account). The results are also compared with those obtained by other vdW-corrected DFT schemes.
Gaia Data Release 3. The first Gaia catalogue of eclipsing binary candidates
Creators: name: Mowlavi, N.
name: Holl, B.
name: Lecœur-Taïbi, I.
name: Barblan, F.
name: Kochoska, A.
name: Prša, A.
name: Mazeh, T.
name: Rimoldini, L.
name: Gavras, P.
name: Audard, M.
name: de Fombelle, G. Jevardat
name: Nienartowicz, K.
name: Garcia-Lario, P.
name: Eyer, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first Gaia catalogue of eclipsing binary candidates released in Gaia DR3, describe its content, provide tips for its usage, estimate its quality, and show illustrative samples. The catalogue contains 2,184,477 sources with G magnitudes up to 20 mag. Candidate selection is based on the results of variable object classification performed within the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium, further filtered using eclipsing binary-tailored criteria based on the G light curves. To find the orbital period, a large ensemble of trial periods is first acquired using three distinct period search methods applied to the cleaned G light curve. The G light curve is then modelled with up-to two Gaussians and a cosine for each trial period. The best combination of orbital period and geometric model is finally selected using Bayesian model comparison based on the BIC. A global ranking metric is provided to rank the quality of the chosen model between sources. The catalogue is restricted to orbital periods larger than 0.2 days. About 530,000 of the candidates are classified as eclipsing binaries in the literature as well, out of ~600,000 available crossmatches, and 93% of them have published periods compatible with the Gaia periods. Catalogue completeness is estimated to be between 25% and 50%, depending on the sky region, relative to the OGLE4 catalogues of eclipsing binaries towards the Galactic Bulge and the Magellanic Clouds. The analysis of an illustrative sample of ~400,000 candidates with significant parallaxes shows properties in the observational HR diagram as expected for eclipsing binaries. The subsequent analysis of a sub-sample of detached bright candidates provides further hints for the exploitation of the catalogue. The orbital periods, light curve model parameters, and global rankings are all published in the catalogue with their related uncertainties where applicable.
description: Submitted to A&A. Main text: 23 pages, 35 figures. Four appendices (17 pages) with 38 figures
Public trust in the European legal systems: independence, accountability and awareness
Creators: name: Garoupa, Nuno
name: Magalhães, Pedro C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Two findings stand out in the literature on public attitudes vis-à-vis courts. The first is that judicial independence increases public trust. The second is that ‘to know courts is to love them’. In this study, these stylised facts are used as a starting point to ask three questions. First, is there also a role for judicial accountability in fostering public trust, above and beyond that played by independence? Second, could it be that only the most aware citizens are sensitive to such properties of the judicial system? Third, is the notion that ‘to know courts is to love them’ limited to systems with high levels of judicial independence and accountability? Using recently available macro-level indicators of judicial independence and accountability and the high-quality survey data collected by the European Social Survey in 32 countries throughout more than a decade, this study provides evidence that the answers to these questions are positive.
Ultra-high energy collision with neither black hole nor naked singularity
Creators: name: Nakao, Ken-ichi
name: Kimura, Masashi
name: Patil, Mandar
name: Joshi, Pankaj S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the collision between two concentric spherical thin shells. The inner shell is charged, whereas the outer one is either neutral or charged. In the situation we consider, the charge of the inner shell is larger than its gravitational mass, and the inside of it is empty and regular. Hence the domain just outside it is described by the overcharged Reissner-Nordstrom geometry whereas the inside of it is Minkowski. First, the inner shell starts to shrink form infinity with finite kinetic energy, and then the outer shell starts to shrink from infinity with vanishing kinetic energy. The inner shell bounces on the potential wall and collides with the ingoing outer shell. The energy of collision between these shells at "their center of mass frame" does not exceed the total energy of the system. By contrast, by virtue of the very large gamma factor of the relative velocity of the shells, the energy of collision between two of the constituent particles of these shells at their center of mass frame can be much larger than the Planck scale. This result suggests that the black hole or naked singularity is not necessary for ultra-high energy collision of particles.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure. Equation (B36) in the 1st version of the manuscript is incorrect, and thus we have corrected it. The result becomes different from the original one, but the conclusion that the ultra-high energy collision of particles is possible is unchanged