cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Systematic approach for assessing whether undeletable chromosomal regions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are required for cell viability
Creators: name: Hassan, Naim
name: Easmin, Farhana
name: Sasano, Yu
name: Ekino, Keisuke
name: Hisataka Taguchi
name: Harashima, Satoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used to generate DNA modules for replacement, splitting and duplication. Table S2. Primers used for colony PCR.
Thermal convection in mono-disperse and bi-disperse granular gases: A simulation study
Creators: name: Paolotti, Daniela
name: Barrat, Alain
name: Marconi, Umberto Marini Bettolo
name: Puglisi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a simulation study of inelastic hard-disks vibrated in a vertical container. An Event-Driven Molecular Dynamics method is developed for studying the onset of convection. Varying the relevant parameters (inelasticity, number of layers at rest, intensity of the gravity) we are able to obtain a qualitative agreement of our results with recent hydrodynamical predictions. Increasing the inelasticity, a first continuous transition from the absence of convection to one convective roll is observed, followed by a discontinuous transition to two convective rolls, with hysteretic behavior. At fixed inelasticity and increasing gravity, a transition from no convection to one roll can be evidenced. If the gravity is further increased, the roll is eventually suppressed. Increasing the number of monolayers the system eventually localizes mostly at the bottom of the box: in this case multiple convective rolls as well as surface waves appear. We analyze the density and temperature fields and study the existence of symmetry breaking in these fields in the direction perpendicular to the injection of energy. We also study a binary mixture of grains with different properties (inelasticity or diameters). The effect of changing the properties of one of the components is analyzed, together with density, temperature and temperature ratio fields. Finally, the presence of a low-fraction of quasi-elastic impurities is shown to determine a sharp transition between convective and non-convective steady states.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication on Physical Review E
Additional file 8 of Inferring residency and movement patterns of horse-eye jack Caranx latus in relation to a Caribbean marine protected area acoustic telemetry array
Creators: name: Novak, Ashleigh J.
name: Becker, Sarah L.
name: Finn, John T.
name: Danylchuk, Andy J.
name: Pollock, Clayton G.
name: Zandy Hillis-Starr
name: Jordaan, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8. Individual spatial graphs of all seven tagged horse-eye jack C. latus used for analyses. Dark nodes represent core use receivers (CURs) while light grey nodes are the remaining receivers each fish visited. Note, this type of plot does not show the non-visited receivers. Grey lines connecting nodes are directed movement pathways and thickness of lines is proportional to frequency of use. Node size corresponds with amount of detections, with larger nodes indicating higher use. The red ‘x’ in each graph is the release location. Spatial graphs for Tags 23603 and 23608 were selected as examples for Fig. 3 in the article.
title: 02_0266
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Laser pulse driven control of charge and spin order in the two-dimensional Kondo lattice
Creators: name: Fauseweh, Benedikt
name: Zhu, Jian-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast and dynamical control of quantum phases is highly desired in the application of quantum phenomena in devices. On the experimental side, ultrafast laser pulses provide an ideal platform to induce femtosecond dynamics in a variety of materials. Here, we show that a laser pulse driven heavy fermion system, can be tuned to dynamically evolve into a phase, which is not present in equilibrium. Using the state-of-the-art time-dependent variational Monte Carlo method, we perform numerical simulations of realistic laser pulses applied to the Kondo Lattice model. By tracking spin and charge degrees of freedom we identify a dynamical phase transition from a charge ordered into a metallic state, while preserving the spin order of the system. We propose to use higher harmonic generation to identify the dynamical phase transition in an ultrafast experiment.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures + supplemental material, comments are welcome
A Neutron Star with a Strange Quark Star-like Mass-Radius Relation
Creators: name: Arapoğlu, A. Savaş
name: Yükselci, A. Emrah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structure of spherically symmetric and static objects in the presence of a nonminimally coupled scalar field having a potential of the form $V(ϕ)=-μ^2ϕ^2/2+λϕ^4/4$. We numerically solve equations of the system using two different realistic equations of state for neutron matter and give the mass-radius relations as well as the radial profiles of the scalar field, densities and the mass function for a sample configuration. We show that a specific solution type encountered in such systems causes characteristic neutron star mass-radius relations to turn into the ones belonging to strange quark stars.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Heisenberg-limited noisy atomic clock using a hybrid coherent and squeezed states protocol
Creators: name: Pezzè, Luca
name: Smerzi, Augusto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a hybrid quantum-classical atomic clock protocol where the interrogation of an ensemble of uncorrelated atoms in a spin-coherent state is used to feedback one (or more) spin-squeezed atomic ensembles toward their optimal phase sensitivity point. This protocol overcomes the stability of a single Ramsey clock and it reaches a Heisenberg-limited stability while avoiding non-destructive measurements. Analytical predictions are compared with numerical simulations of clocks operations including correlated 1/f local oscillator noise.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
The Role of Education and Income Inequality on Environmental Quality. A Panel Data Analysis of the EKC Hypothesis on OECD
Creators: name: Maranzano, Paolo
name: Cerdeira Bento, Joao Paulo
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Maranzano, Paolo
name: Cerdeira Bento, Joao Paulo
name: Manera, Matteo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Pollution-Income
subject: Environmental Kunzets Curve
subject: Education
subject: Income-Inequality
subject: Panel Data
subject: Clustering

description: We study the impact of human capital and the level of education on the pollution-income relationship controlling for income inequality in 17 OECD countries. By applying an innovative approach to country grouping, based on the temporal evolution of income inequality and clustering techniques to feature the annual value of the Gini Index on disposable income from 1987 to 2015, we have estimated panel data models by distinguishing between low and high levels of income inequality country clusters. Robustness checks and endogeneity tests are further performed considering as the discriminant factor the income inequality aecting the countries in the sample. The findings highlight the role of the educational level and years of schooling in validating the EKC hypothesis. We recommend that this variable should not be neglected in future EKC studies. Therefore, any EKC theory should also acknowledge a new EKC model specification that we named the Educational EKC.
2+1 gravity and Doubly Special Relativity
Creators: name: Freidel, Laurent
name: Kowalski-Glikman, Jerzy
name: Smolin, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that gravity in 2+1 dimensions coupled to point particles provides a nontrivial example of Doubly Special Relativity (DSR). This result is obtained by interpretation of previous results in the field and by exhibiting an explicit transformation between the phase space algebra for one particle in 2+1 gravity found by Matschull and Welling and the corresponding DSR algebra. The identification of 2+1 gravity as a $DSR$ system answers a number of questions concerning the latter, and resolves the ambiguity of the basis of the algebra of observables. Based on this observation a heuristic argument is made that the algebra of symmetries of ultra high energy particle kinematics in 3+1 dimensions is described by some DSR theory.
description: 8 pages Latex, no figures, typos corrected
Additional file 8 of Crystal structure of DRIK1, a stress-responsive receptor-like pseudokinase, reveals the molecular basis for the absence of ATP binding
Creators: name: Aquino, Bruno
name: Silva, Viviane C. H. Da
name: Massirer, Katlin B.
name: Arruda, Paulo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Table S3. Primers used in the RT-qPCR experiments.
Additional file 7 of Inferring residency and movement patterns of horse-eye jack Caranx latus in relation to a Caribbean marine protected area acoustic telemetry array
Creators: name: Novak, Ashleigh J.
name: Becker, Sarah L.
name: Finn, John T.
name: Danylchuk, Andy J.
name: Pollock, Clayton G.
name: Zandy Hillis-Starr
name: Jordaan, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7. Number of days in each month when individual C. latus were detected on either East End Marine Park (EEMP), Lang Bank (LB), or Teague Bay (TB) receivers. For example, in June 2016, Tag 23603 was detected on outside receivers on 6 different days within the month. Dashed lines indicate the tag had not been deployed yet. Note, Tag 19678 did not have any detections recorded on receivers outside of the Monument
Probing the inner wind of AGB stars: Interferometric observations of SiO millimetre line emission from the oxygen-rich stars R Dor and L2 Pup
Creators: name: Schoeier, F. L.
name: Olofsson, H.
name: Wong, T.
name: Lindqvist, M.
name: Kerschbaum, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High angular resolution Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) observations of SiO `thermal' millimetre line emission towards the two oxygen-rich, low mass loss rate AGB stars R Dor and L2 Pup are presented. In both cases the emission is resolved with an overall spherical symmetry. Detailed radiative transfer modelling of the SiO line emission has been performed, and the comparison between observations and models are conducted in the visibility plane, maximizing the sensitivity. The excitation analysis suggests that the abundance of SiO is as high as 4E-5 in the inner part of the wind, close to the predicted values from stellar atmosphere models. Beyond a radius of ~ 1E15 cm the SiO abundance is significantly lower, about 3E-6, until it decreases strongly at a radius of about 3E15 cm. This is consistent with a scenario where SiO first freezes out onto dust grains, and then eventually becomes photodissociated by the interstellar UV-radiation field. In these low expansion velocity sources the turbulent broadening of the lines plays an important role in the line formation. Micro-turbulent velocity widths in the range 1.1-1.5 km/s result in a very good reproduction of the observed line shapes even if the gas expansion velocity is kept constant. This, combined with the fact that the SiO and CO lines are well fitted using the same gas expansion velocity (to within 5-10%), suggest that the envelope acceleration occurs close to the stellar photosphere, within 20-30 stellar radii.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 14 pages, 14 figures
The Halpha Luminosity Function of the Galaxy Cluster Abell 521 at z = 0.25
Creators: name: Umeda, Kazuyoshi
name: Yagi, Masafumi
name: Yamada, Sanae F.
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
name: Shioya, Yasuhiro
name: Murayama, Takashi
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Ajiki, Masaru
name: Fujita, Shinobu S.
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Okamura, Sadanori
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an optical multicolor-imaging study of the galaxy cluster Abell 521 at $z = 0.25$, using Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope, covering an area of $32 \times 20$ arcmin$^2$ ($9.4 \times 5.8 h_{50}^{-2}$ Mpc$^2$ at $z = 0.25$). Our imaging data taken with both a narrow-band filter, $NB816$ ($λ_0 = 8150$Åand $Δλ= 120$Å), and broad-band filters, $B,V,R_{\rm C}, i^\prime$, and $z^\prime$ allow us to find 165 H$α$ emitters. We obtain the H$α$ luminosity function (LF) for the cluster galaxies within 2 Mpc; the Schechter parameters are $α= -0.75 \pm 0.23$, $ϕ^\star = 10^{-0.25 \pm 0.20}$ Mpc$^{-3}$, and $L^\star = 10^{42.03 \pm 0.17}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Although the faint end slope, $α$, is consistent with that of the local cluster H$α$ LFs, the characteristic luminosity, $L^\star$, is about 6 times (or $\approx 2$ mag) brighter. This strong evolution implies that Abell 521 contains more active star-forming galaxies than the local clusters, being consistent with the observed Butcher-Oemler effect. However, the bright $L^\star$ of Abell 521 may be, at least in part, due to the dynamical condition of this cluster.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, ApJ, Part 1, in press
Additional file 1 of Diastolic shock index and clinical outcomes in patients with septic shock
Creators: name: Ospina-Tascón, Gustavo A.
name: Jean-Louis Teboul
name: Hernandez, Glenn
name: Alvarez, Ingrid
name: Sánchez-Ortiz, Alvaro I.
name: Calderón-Tapia, Luis E.
name: Manzano-Nunez, Ramiro
name: Quiñones, Edgardo
name: Madriñan-Navia, Humberto J.
name: Ruiz, Juan E.
name: Aldana, José L.
name: Bakker, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables and figures.
Swift Spectroscopy of the Accretion Disk Wind in the Black Hole GRO J1655-40
Creators: name: Balakrishnan, M.
name: Miller, J. M.
name: Trueba, N.
name: Reynolds, M.
name: Raymond, J.
name: Proga, D.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Kallman, T.
name: Kaastra, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chandra obtained two High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG) spectra of the stellar-mass black hole GRO J1655-40 during its 2005 outburst, revealing a rich and complex disk wind. Soon after its launch, the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory began monitoring the same outburst. Some X-ray Telescope (XRT) observations were obtained in a mode that makes it impossible to remove strong Mn calibration lines, so the Fe K-alpha line region in the spectra was previously neglected. However, these lines enable a precise calibration of the energy scale, facilitating studies of the absorption-dominated disk wind and its velocity shifts. Here, we present fits to 15 Swift/XRT spectra, revealing variability and evolution in the outflow. The data strongly point to a magnetically driven disk wind: both the higher velocity (e.g., v ~ 10^4 km/s) and lower velocity (e.g., v ~ 10^3 km/s) wind components are typically much faster than is possible for thermally driven outflows (v < 200 km/s), and photoionization modeling yields absorption radii that are two orders of magnitude below the Compton radius that defines the typical inner extent of thermal winds. Moreover, correlations between key wind parameters yield an average absorption measure distribution (AMD) that is consistent with magnetohydrodynamic wind models. We discuss our results in terms of recent observational and theoretical studies of black hole accretion disks and outflows, and future prospects.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Single-photon emission in the near infrared from diamond colour centre
Creators: name: Wu, E
name: Jacques, V.
name: Treussart, F.
name: Zeng, H.
name: Grangier, P.
name: Roch, J. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically active colour centres based on Nickel-Nitrogen impurities are observed in natural diamond under continuous-wave excitation. The spectral analysis shows that the single emitters have a narrow-band emission in the near infrared, around 780 nm, which is almost entirely concentrated in the zero phonon line even at room temperature. The colour centre excited-state lifetime is as short as 2 ns, and the photoluminescence is linear polarized. These striking features pave the way to the realization of a triggered single photon source based on this colour centre emission well suited for open-air single-photon Quantum Key Distribution operating in day-light conditions.
description: Proceedings of PDC'05 conference (Dynamical Processes in Excited States of Solids (DPC'05) August 1st to 5th, 2005, Shanghai, China), to appear in Journal of Luminescence
Amenability of the Gauge Group
Creators: name: Carey, Alan
name: Grundling, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A07; 81T13; 46L30; 81R10; 81R15

description: Let G be one of the local gauge groups C(X,U(n)), C^\infty(X,U(n)), C(X,SU(n)) or C^\infty(X,SU(n)) where X is a compact Riemannian manifold. We observe that G has a nontrivial group topology, coarser than its natural topology, w.r.t. which it is amenable, viz the relative weak topology of C(X,M(n)). This topology seems more useful than other known amenable topologies for G. We construct a simple fermionic model containing an action of G, continuous w.r.t. this amenable topology.
description: 8 pages, Latex
Additional file 6 of Inferring residency and movement patterns of horse-eye jack Caranx latus in relation to a Caribbean marine protected area acoustic telemetry array
Creators: name: Novak, Ashleigh J.
name: Becker, Sarah L.
name: Finn, John T.
name: Danylchuk, Andy J.
name: Pollock, Clayton G.
name: Zandy Hillis-Starr
name: Jordaan, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Total number of C. latus (n = 6, no outside detections from Tag 19678) detections recorded on receivers outside of Buck Island Reef National Monument (BIRNM) either in East End Marine Park (EEMP), Lang Bank (LB), or Teague Bay (TB) from January 2016 to May 2017. Note, there were no detections recorded in January 2016 and detection data was not available for May 2017.
Integral Canonical Models of Shimura Varieties of Preabelian Type
Creators: name: vasiu, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E57, 11G10, 11G18, 14F30, 14G40, 14K10, 14K22 and 14J10

description: We prove the existence of integral canonical models of Shimura varieties of preabelian type with respect to primes of characteristic at least 5.
description: 135 pages. Version which incorporates to the oublished one corrections.All copy rights reserved for International Press
Thermal instabilities: Fragmentation and field misalignment of filament fine structure
Creators: name: Claes, Niels
name: Keppens, Rony
name: Xia, Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prominences show a surprising amount of fine structure and it is widely believed that their threads, as seen in H$α$ observations, provide indirect information concerning magnetic field topology. We investigate the spontaneous emergence and evolution of fine structure in high-density condensations formed through the process of thermal instability under typical solar coronal conditions. Our study reveals intricate multidimensional processes that occur through in situ condensations in a representative coronal volume in a low plasma beta regime. We performed 2D and 3D numerical simulations of interacting slow magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave modes when all relevant non-adiabatic effects are included. We show that the interaction of multiple slow MHD wave modes in a regime unstable to the thermal mode leads to thermal instability. This initially forms pancake-like structures almost orthogonal to the local magnetic field, while low-pressure induced inflows of matter generate rebound shocks. This is succeeded by the rapid disruption of these pancake sheets through thin-shell instabilities evolving naturally from minute ram pressure imbalances. This eventually creates high-density blobs accompanied by thread-like features from shear flow effects. The further evolution of the blobs follows the magnetic field lines, such that a dynamical realignment with the background magnetic field appears. However, the emerging thread-like features are not at all field-aligned, implying only a very weak link between fine structure orientation and magnetic field topology which has far-reaching implications for field topology interpretations based on H$α$ observations.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication, movies available upon request to the first author
Solvent Exchange in a Hele-Shaw Cell Universality of Surface Nanodroplet Nucleation
Creators: name: Zeng, Binglin
name: Wang, Yuliang
name: Zhang, Xuehua
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76-05

description: Solvent exchange (also called solvent shifting or Ouzo effect) is a generally used bottom-up process to mass-produce nanoscale droplets. In this process, a good solvent for some oil is displaced by a poor one, leading to oil nanodroplet nucleation and subsequent growth. Here we perform this process on a hydrophobic substrate so that sessile droplets so-called surface nanodroplets-develop, following the work of Zhang et al. [Zhang, X.; Lu, Z.; Tan, H.; Bao, L.; He, Y.; Sun, C.; Lohse, D. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2015, 122, 9253-9257]. In contrast to what was done in that paper, we chose a very well-controlled Hele-Shaw geometry with negligible gravitational effects, injecting the poor solvent in the center of the Hele-Shaw cell, and characterize the emerging nanodroplets as a function of radial distance and flow rates. We find that the mean droplet volume per area _area strongly depends on the local Peclet number Pe and follows a universal scaling law _area~Pe^(3/4). Moreover, the probability distribution function of the droplet volume strongly depends on the local Pe as well, regardless of the flow rates and radial distance, giving strong support to the theoretical model of the solvent exchange process developed in Zhang et al.'s work.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Development and psychometric evaluation of a new tool for measuring the attitudes of patients with progressive neurological diseases to ethical aspects of end-of-life care
Creators: name: Bužgová, Radka
name: Kozáková, Radka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1 : questionnaire. The APND-EoLC - The Attitudes of Patients with Progressive Neurological Disease to End-of- Life Care Questionnaire.
Morphology of Evaporating Sessile Microdroplets on Lyophilic Elliptical Patches
Creators: name: Escobar, Jose M. Encarnacion
name: Garcia-Gonzalez, Diana
name: Devic, Ivan
name: Zhang, Xuehua
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evaporation of droplets occurs in a large variety of natural and technological processes such as medical diagnostics, agriculture, food industry, printing, and catalytic reactions. We study the different droplet morphologies adopted by an evaporating droplet on a surface with an elliptical patch with a different contact angle. We perform experiments to observe these morphologies and use numerical calculations to predict the effects of the patched surfaces. We observe that tuning the geometry of the patches offers control over the shape of the droplet. In the experiments, the drops of various volumes are placed on elliptical chemical patches of different aspect ratios and imaged in 3D using laser scanning confocal microscopy, extracting the droplets shape. In the corresponding numerical simulations, we minimize the interfacial free energy of the droplet, by employing Surface Evolver. The numerical results are in good qualitative agreement with our experimental data and can be used for the design of micropatterned structures, potentially suggesting or excluding certain morphologies for particular applications. However, the experimental results show the effects of pinning and contact angle hysteresis, which are obviously absent in the numerical energy minimization. The work culminates with a morphology diagram in the aspect ratio vs relative volume parameter space, comparing the predictions with the measurements.
New ultracool dwarf neighbours within 20pc from Gaia DR2
Creators: name: Scholz, Ralf-Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gaia data release 2 (DR2) contains $>$6000 objects with parallaxes $(Plx+3\times{e\_Plx})>50$mas placing them within 20pc from the Sun. Since the expected numbers extrapolating the well-known 10pc census are much lower, nearby Gaia stars need a quality assessment. The 20pc sample of white dwarfs (WDs) had already been verified and completed with Gaia DR2. We aimed to check and complete the 20pc sample of ultracool dwarfs (UCDs) with spectral types $\gtrsim$M7 and given Gaia DR2 parallaxes. Dividing the Gaia DR2 20pc sample into subsamples of various astrometric and photometric quality, we studied their distribution on the sky, in the $M_G$ vs. $G$$-$$RP$ colour-magnitude diagram (CMD), and as a function of $G$ magnitude and total proper motion. After excluding 139 known WDs and 263 known UCDs from the CMD, we checked all remaining $\approx$3500 candidates with $M_G>14$mag (used to define UCDs in this study) for the correctness of their Gaia DR2 proper motions. For confirmed UCD candidates we estimated spectral types photometrically using Gaia and near-infrared absolute magnitudes and colours. We failed to confirm new WDs, but found 50 new UCD candidates not mentioned in three previous studies using Gaia DR2. They have relatively small proper motions and tangential velocities and are concentrated towards the Galactic plane. Half of them have spectral types in SIMBAD and/or previous non-Gaia distance estimates that placed them already within 20pc. For 20 of the 50 objects, we estimated photometric spectral types of M6-M6.5, slightly below the classical UCD spectral type limit. However, seven L4.5-L6.5, four L0-L1, five M8.5-M9.5, and three M7-M8 dwarfs can be considered as completely new UCDs discoveries within 20pc based on Gaia DR2. Four M6.5 and two L4.5 dwarfs have high membership probabilities (64%-99%) in the ARGUS, AB Doradus, or Carina Near young moving groups. (abbreviated)
description: accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 15 pages, 3 tables, 10 figures (reduced in size)
Automatic Design of Mechanical Metamaterial Actuators
Creators: name: Bonfanti, Silvia
name: Guerra, Roberto
name: Clos, Francesc Font
name: Rayneau-Kirkhope, Daniel
name: Zapperi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical metamaterials actuators achieve pre-determined input--output operations exploiting architectural features encoded within a single 3D printed element, thus removing the need of assembling different structural components. Despite the rapid progress in the field, there is still a need for efficient strategies to optimize metamaterial design for a variety of functions. We present a computational method for the automatic design of mechanical metamaterial actuators that combines a reinforced Monte Carlo method with discrete element simulations. 3D printing of selected mechanical metamaterial actuators shows that the machine-generated structures can reach high efficiency, exceeding human-designed structures. We also show that it is possible to design efficient actuators by training a deep neural network, eliminating the need for lengthy mechanical simulations. The elementary actuators devised here can be combined to produce metamaterial machines of arbitrary complexity for countless engineering applications.
Facial Action Unit Detection by Adaptively Constraining Self-Attention and Causally Deconfounding Sample
Creators: name: Shao, Zhiwen
name: Zhu, Hancheng
name: Zhou, Yong
name: Xiang, Xiang
name: Liu, Bing
name: Yao, Rui
name: Ma, Lizhuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Facial action unit (AU) detection remains a challenging task, due to the subtlety, dynamics, and diversity of AUs. Recently, the prevailing techniques of self-attention and causal inference have been introduced to AU detection. However, most existing methods directly learn self-attention guided by AU detection, or employ common patterns for all AUs during causal intervention. The former often captures irrelevant information in a global range, and the latter ignores the specific causal characteristic of each AU. In this paper, we propose a novel AU detection framework called AC2D by adaptively constraining self-attention weight distribution and causally deconfounding the sample confounder. Specifically, we explore the mechanism of self-attention weight distribution, in which the self-attention weight distribution of each AU is regarded as spatial distribution and is adaptively learned under the constraint of location-predefined attention and the guidance of AU detection. Moreover, we propose a causal intervention module for each AU, in which the bias caused by training samples and the interference from irrelevant AUs are both suppressed. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art AU detection approaches on challenging benchmarks, including BP4D, DISFA, GFT, and BP4D+ in constrained scenarios and Aff-Wild2 in unconstrained scenarios. The code is available at https://github.com/ZhiwenShao/AC2D.
description: This paper is accepted by International Journal of Computer Vision
Velocity centroids and the structure of interstellar turbulence: I. Analytical study
Creators: name: Levrier, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical study of the statistical properties of integrated emission and velocity centroids for a slightly compressible turbulent slab model, to retrieve the underlying statistics of three-dimensional density and velocity fluctuations. Under the assumptions that the density and velocity fields are homogeneous and isotropic, we derive the expressions of the antenna temperature for an optically thin spectral line observation, and of its successive moments with respect to the line of sight velocity component, focusing on the zeroth (intensity or integrated emission I) and first (non-normalized velocity centroid C) moments. The ratio of the latter to the former is the normalized centroid C_0, whose expression can be linearized for small density fluctuations. To describe the statistics of I, C and C_0, we derive expansions of their autocorrelation functions in powers of density fluctuations and perform a lowest-order real-space calculation of their scaling behaviour, assuming that the density and velocity fields are fractional Brownian motions. We hence confirm, within the scope of this study, the property recently found numerically by Miville-Deschenes, Levrier and Falgarone (2003, ApJ, 593, 831) that the spectral index of the normalized centroid is equal to that of the full velocity field. However, it is also argued that, in order to retrieve the velocity statistics, normalization of centroids may actually not be the best way to remove the influence of density fluctuations. In this respect, we discuss the modified velocity centroids introduced by Lazarian and Esquivel (2003, ApJL, 592, 37) as a possible alternative. In a following paper, we shall present numerical studies aimed at assessing the validity domain of these results.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Welfare Measures to Reflect Home Location Options When Transportation Systems Are Modified
Creators: name: Ma, Shuhong
name: Kockelman, Kara M.
name: Ma, Shuhong
name: Kockelman, Kara M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Demand and Price Analysis
Public Economics

description: Transportation system improvements do not provide simply travel time savings, for a fixed trip table; they affect trip destinations, modes, times of day, and, ultimately, home and business location choices. This paper examines the welfare (or willingness-to-pay) impacts of system changes by bringing residential location choice into a three-layer nested logit model to more holistically anticipate the regional welfare impacts of various system shifts using logsum differences (which quantify changes in consumer surplus). Here, home value is a function of home price, size, and accessibility; and accessibility is a function of travel times and costs, vis-?-vis all mode and destination options. The model is applied to a sample of 60 Austin, Texas, zones to estimate home buyers? welfare impacts across various scenarios, with different transit fares, automobile operating costs, travel times, and home prices. Results suggest that new locators? choice probabilities for rural and suburban zones are more sensitive to changing regional access, while urban and central business zone choice probabilities are more impacted by home price shifts. Automobile costs play a more important role in residential location choices in these simulations than those of transit, as expected in a typical U.S. setting (where automobile travel dominates). When generalized costs of automobile travel are simulated to rise 20%, 40%, and 60% (throughout the region), estimated welfare impacts (using normalized differences in logit logsum measures) for the typical new home buying household (with $70,000 in annual income and 2.4 household members) are estimated to be quite negative, at -$56,000, -$99,000, and -$132,000, respectively. In contrast, when auto?s generalized costs fall everywhere (by 20%, 40%, and then 60%), welfare impacts are very positive (+$74,000, $172,500, and $320,000, respectively). Such findings are meaningful for policymakers, planners, and others when anticipating the economic impacts of evolving transportation systems, in the face of new investments, rising travel demands, distance-based tolls, self-driving vehicles, and other changes.
Additional file 5 of Inferring residency and movement patterns of horse-eye jack Caranx latus in relation to a Caribbean marine protected area acoustic telemetry array
Creators: name: Novak, Ashleigh J.
name: Becker, Sarah L.
name: Finn, John T.
name: Danylchuk, Andy J.
name: Pollock, Clayton G.
name: Zandy Hillis-Starr
name: Jordaan, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Total number of individual fish detections recorded on receivers (n = 20) outside of Buck Island Reef National Monument (BIRNM) from January 2016 to May 2017. There were no detections recorded in January 2016 and detection data for receivers outside BIRNM were not available for May 2017. Note, Tag 19678 did not have any detections recorded on receivers outside of the Monument.
Additional file 7 of Crystal structure of DRIK1, a stress-responsive receptor-like pseudokinase, reveals the molecular basis for the absence of ATP binding
Creators: name: Aquino, Bruno
name: Silva, Viviane C. H. Da
name: Massirer, Katlin B.
name: Arruda, Paulo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Table S2. Protein IDs used for in silico analysis of ZmDRIK1.
SLACC: Simion-based Language Agnostic Code Clones
Creators: name: Mathew, George
name: Parnin, Chris
name: Stolee, Kathryn T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Successful cross-language clone detection could enable researchers and developers to create robust language migration tools, facilitate learning additional programming languages once one is mastered, and promote reuse of code snippets over a broader codebase. However, identifying cross-language clones presents special challenges to the clone detection problem. A lack of common underlying representation between arbitrary languages means detecting clones requires one of the following solutions: 1) a static analysis framework replicated across each targeted language with annotations matching language features across all languages, or 2) a dynamic analysis framework that detects clones based on runtime behavior. In this work, we demonstrate the feasibility of the latter solution, a dynamic analysis approach called SLACC for cross-language clone detection. Like prior clone detection techniques, we use input/output behavior to match clones, though we overcome limitations of prior work by amplifying the number of inputs and covering more data types; and as a result, achieve better clusters than prior attempts. Since clusters are generated based on input/output behavior, SLACC supports cross-language clone detection. As an added challenge, we target a static typed language, Java, and a dynamic typed language, Python. Compared to HitoshiIO, a recent clone detection tool for Java, SLACC retrieves 6 times as many clusters and has higher precision (86.7% vs. 30.7%). This is the first work to perform clone detection for dynamic typed languages (precision = 87.3%) and the first to perform clone detection across languages that lack a common underlying representation (precision = 94.1%). It provides a first step towards the larger goal of scalable language migration tools.
description: 11 Pages, 3 Figures, Accepted at ICSE 2020 technical track
The Multimodal Connectivity at Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Stations and the Impact on Ridership
Creators: name: Woldeamanuel, Mintesnot
name: Olwert, Craig
name: Woldeamanuel, Mintesnot
name: Olwert, Craig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Environmental Economics and Policy
Public Economics

description: A multimodality index (MI) is developed to evaluate the accessibility and convenience of transit use by investigating the connectivity of a Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) with other modes of travel. Better connected stations increase transit system ridership, resulting in environmental and social equity gains. The integration of the Orange Line BRT system in Los Angeles with other travel modes, including bicycles, pedestrians, regular buses, and private automobiles, was analyzed using field observations and LA Metro data to create a multimodality index (MI). While multimodal connectivity of the Orange Line BRT system varies across stations, a positive relationship exists between ridership and the MI, indicating that the MI is a reliable predictor of transit ridership and a useful tool for transit planning.
Driven Random Field Ising Model: some exactly solved examples in threshold activated kinetics
Creators: name: Shukla, Prabodh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The random field Ising model driven by a slowly varying uniform external field at zero temperature provides a caricature of several threshold activated systems. In this model, the non-equilibrium response of the system can be obtained analytically on a Bethe lattice if the initial state of the system has all spins aligned parallel to each other. We consider ferromagnetic as well as anti-ferromagnetic interactions. The ferromagnetic model exhibits avalanches and non-equilibrium critical behavior. The anti-ferromagnetic model is marked by the absence of these features. The ferromagnetic model is Abelian, and the anti-ferromagnetic model is non-Abelian. Theoretical approaches based on the probabilistic method are discussed in the two cases, and illustrated by deriving some basic results.
description: Invited talk at the Discussion Meeting on Statistical Mechanics of Threshold Activated Systems, IMSc, Chennai, India, (March, 2003)
CHD Risk Minimization through Lifestyle Control: Machine Learning Gateway
Creators: name: He, Xi
name: Matam, B Rajeswari
name: Bellary, Srikanth
name: Ghosh, Goutam
name: Chattopadhyay, Amit K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Studies on the influence of a modern lifestyle in abetting Coronary Heart Diseases (CHD) have mostly focused on deterrent health factors, like smoking, alcohol intake, cheese consumption and average systolic blood pressure, largely disregarding the impact of a healthy lifestyle in mitigating CHD risk. In this study, 30+ years' World Health Organization (WHO) data have been analyzed, using a wide array of advanced Machine Learning techniques, to quantify how regulated reliance on positive health indicators, e.g. fruits/vegetables, cereals can offset CHD risk factors over a period of time. Our research ranks the impact of the negative outliers on CHD and then quantifies the impact of the positive health factors in mitigating the negative risk-factors. Our research outcomes, presented through simple mathematical equations, outline the best CHD prevention strategy using lifestyle control only. We show that a 20% increase in the intake of fruit/vegetable leads to 3-6% decrease in SBP; or, a 10% increase in cereal intake lowers SBP by 3%; a simultaneous increase of 10% in fruit-vegetable can further offset the effects of SBP by 6%. Our analysis establishes gender independence of lifestyle on CHD, refuting long held assumptions and unqualified beliefs. We show that CHD risk can be lowered with incremental changes in lifestyle and diet, e.g. fruit-vegetable intake ameliorating effects of alcohol-smoking-fatty food. Our multivariate data model also estimates functional relationships amongst lifestyle factors that can potentially redefine the diagnostics of Framingham score-based CHD-prediction.
description: 10 pages, 7 tables, 2 figures together with a detailed online supplementary section including another 9 tables and 4 figures
Effective Light Source for Illuminating Overhead Guide Signs and Improving Roadway Safety
Creators: name: Obeidat, Mohammed S.
name: Rys, Malgorzata J.
name: Obeidat, Mohammed S.
name: Rys, Malgorzata J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Public Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Driver safety is considered an important issue to departments of transportation. One way to increase highway safety is to improve the visibility of overhead guide signs for drivers. Visibility improving methods include the use of sign illumination or retroreflective sheeting materials. This paper focuses on sign illumination by comparing five light sources including high pressure sodium (HPS), metal halide (MH), mercury vapor (MV), induction lighting, and light emitting diode (LED). A laboratory experiment was conducted to compare effective light distribution of each light source and a cost analysis was performed to compare initial, maintenance, and operating cost components of the light sources. Results of the light distribution experiment indicated that HPS was the optimum light source followed by MH, induction lighting, MV, and LED. Induction lighting is a promising lighting technology which features good efficiency and long life. According to cost analysis, induction lighting was the most effective source, followed by the LED, HPS, MV, and MH. Of the five light sources considered, induction lighting provided the best overall performance when considering initial cost, operating cost, expected maintenance, and sign illuminance. Environmentally, LED does not contain mercury, and for those agencies that prefer using sources that are friendlier with the environment, the LED can be their best choice.