cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficiently inferring community structure in bipartite networks
Creators: name: Larremore, Daniel B.
name: Clauset, Aaron
name: Jacobs, Abigail Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Bipartite networks are a common type of network data in which there are two types of vertices, and only vertices of different types can be connected. While bipartite networks exhibit community structure like their unipartite counterparts, existing approaches to bipartite community detection have drawbacks, including implicit parameter choices, loss of information through one-mode projections, and lack of interpretability. Here we solve the community detection problem for bipartite networks by formulating a bipartite stochastic block model, which explicitly includes vertex type information and may be trivially extended to $k$-partite networks. This bipartite stochastic block model yields a projection-free and statistically principled method for community detection that makes clear assumptions and parameter choices and yields interpretable results. We demonstrate this model's ability to efficiently and accurately find community structure in synthetic bipartite networks with known structure and in real-world bipartite networks with unknown structure, and we characterize its performance in practical contexts.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Filgotinib:First Approval
Creators: name: Sohita Dhillon
name: Keam, Susan J.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110322 Rheumatology and Arthritis
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110307 Gastroenterology and Hepatology

description: Declarations
Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Sohita Dhillon is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature and Susan J. Keam is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature and declare no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content.
Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here

AbstractFilgotinib (Jyseleca®) is an oral, ATP-competitive, reversible JAK1 preferential inhibitor that is being developed by Galapagos NV and Gilead Sciences for the treatment of inflammatory autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. The JAK-STAT signalling pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and filgotinib modulates this pathway by preventing the phosphorylation and activation of STATs. In September 2020, filgotinib received its first approvals in the EU and Japan. In the EU, filgotinib is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in adults who have responded inadequately to, or who are intolerant to, one or more disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). In Japan, filgotinib is indicated for the treatment of RA in patients who had an inadequate response to conventional therapies (including prevention of structural damage to joints). Clinical studies of filgotinib for the treatment of inflammatory autoimmune diseases are ongoing worldwide. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of filgotinib leading to this first approval.

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Inflation and majoron dark matter in the seesaw mechanism
Creators: name: Boucenna, Sofiane M.
name: Morisi, Stefano
name: Shafi, Qaisar
name: Valle, Jose W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that inflation and dark matter have a common origin, connected to the neutrino mass generation scheme. As a model we consider spontaneous breaking of global lepton number within the seesaw mechanism. We show that it provides an acceptable inflationary scenario consistent with the recent CMB B-mode observation by the BICEP2 experiment. The scheme may also account for the baryon asymmetry of the Universe through leptogenesis for reasonable parameter choices.
description: 6p, 3figs. v2: 2 extra tables. Version to appear in PRD
Tropidia scita
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Tropidia
Tropidia scita

description: Tropidia scita (Harris, 1776) Transpalearktický druh se subboreÁlnÍm rozšÍřenÍm. Vyskytuje se lokÁlně v okolÍ rybnÍků a mokřadů s jezÍrky. SaprofÁgnÍ larvy se vyvÍjejÍ na hnijÍcÍm rostlinném opadu v rÁkosinÁch s porosty orobinců (Typha spp.). Černousy [6a]: 14.V.-14.VI.2007, 2 ♂♂ (MT). Meandry Smědé PR [22b]: 19.-31.V.2005, 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ (MT), 2 ♂♂ (YPT); 31.V.-22.VI.2005, 3 ♂♂ (YPT); 22.VI.-5.VII.2005, 3 ♀♀ (YPT).
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
Chi dà il nome a tutti i luoghi e tutti i laghi di Marte
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Una carrellata di nomi, ufficiali e non, di crateri, rocce e scogliere marziane. Ma come e chi li sceglie, questi nomi? In parte, con uno schema definito e soggetto ad approvazione, l’Unione astronomica internazionale, e in parte gli stessi scienziati delle missioni, che negli anni si sono sbizzarriti con i personaggi e i riferimenti più disparati
Decay of Graviton Condensates and their Generalizations in Arbitrary Dimensions
Creators: name: Kuhnel, Florian
name: Sundborg, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classicalons are self-bound classical field configurations, which include black holes in General Relativity. In quantum theory, they are described by condensates of many soft quanta. In this work, their decay properties are studied in arbitrary dimensions. It is found that generically the decays of other classicalons are enhanced compared to pure graviton condensates, ie. black holes. The evaporation of higher dimensional graviton condensates turns out to match Hawking radiation solely due to non-linearites captured by the classicalon picture. Although less stable than black holes, all self-bound condensates are shown to be stable in the limit of large mass. Like for black holes, the effective coupling always scales as the inverse of the number of constituents, indicating that these systems are at critical points of quantum phase transitions. Consequences for cosmology, astro- and collider physics are briefly discussed.
description: 9 pages, 1 table; v2: minor changes to match published version
Come produrre il lampo gamma del secolo
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Cosa ha reso il gamma ray burst osservato il 9 ottobre 2022 l’esplosione cosmica più luminosa mai registrata? Uno studio pubblicato ieri su Science Advances, guidato da Brendan O’Connor della University of Maryland (Usa) e da Eleonora Troja dell’Università di Roma Tor Vergata, ipotizza una conformazione del getto in grado di spiegarne la sorprendente intensità
The Suitability of Commercial Low-Cost UASs for Forest Assessment
Creators: name: Edwards, Rowan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: This study examines the suitability of commercial low-cost Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) for use in assessing arboreal resources. These UASs are small, remotely controlled flying platforms, which have the ability to mount sensory equipment not directly related to the operation of the craft itself. The recent commercialisation of these systems has opened the potential for their use in a number of applications, including in forest assessment. The key areas investigated are the ease with which a novice operator can pilot a UAS, the suitability of the UAS for assigned tasks, the data which can be gathered, and the use of different processing tools to gain information from that data. The study allows natural resource managers to assess the potential benefits of incorporating UASs into their management techniques. Additionally, it informs UAS developers of the requirements of natural resource managers. The technology of the UAS used was found to be suitable for a number of tasks, though specific issues were identified that limit potential applications. The primary technological limitation was identified as the battery life, which served to limit most other facets of UAS implementation. For the model examined during this study, the control software was also a limiting factor, though other packages have been identified which address these issues. The current legal restrictions, especially those associated with line of sight operation, also serve to limit the usability of the system. The primary role of the UAS is identified as a tool for small scale, in situ assessments, including fixed point photography, upper canopy inspection, canopy cover line analysis and sourcing images for subsequent 3D reconstruction. The resulting data is of finer detail than traditional remote sensing techniques, though this is balanced by a comparatively smaller area which can be covered. UASs also provide the ability to assess both individual trees and stands from multiple angles and scales, allowing both fine detail and contextual assessment. This improvement in detail, when integrated with existing methods of data collection, provides the ability to construct better resolution models. With their ability to work inside and outside the canopy, these UASs also provide a novel, low cost approach for the validation of the output of such models. Seven different software packages were evaluated for the subsequent manipulation of data, with four being chosen for detailed investigation. In conclusion, UASs are deemed currently suitable for the applications considered, though there are aspects which serve to limit their effectiveness. Specifically, they do not have the capability to replace full scale aircraft, but are best utilised as a tool to augment existing processes.
Brachypalpoides lentus Meigen 1822
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Brachypalpoides
Brachypalpoides lentus

description: Brachypalpoides lentus Meigen, 1822 Eurosibiřský druh, vyskytujÍcÍ se vzÁcně v lesÍch s přestÁrlými stromy. Saproxylické larvy byly nalezeny v mokrém zetlelém dřevě v bÁzi kmenu živého buku (Fagus sylvatica). Meandry Smědé PR [22b]: 22.VI.-5.VII.2005, 1 ♀ (YPT). Špičák [41]: 5.VII.-9.VIII.2006, 1 ♂ (YPT).
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
Gas e sregolatezza: così crebbero le galassie di Jwst
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

La sfrenata formazione stellare osservata da Webb nelle galassie primordiali potrebbe aver trovato una spiegazione: secondo un team dell’università ebraica di Gerusalemme, queste galassie approfittarono di una finestra temporale – lunga circa un milione di anni – nella quale erano libere di formare stelle senza sottostare ai meccanismi di feedback che intervengono in condizioni normali
Between Conflict and Cooperation: How federalism shapes Australian climate mitigation policy
Creators: name: Farrell, Laura
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2017

description: This thesis examines how federalism shapes emissions reduction policy in the Australian electricity sector. Australian federalism is an inherently multi-level system of governance where roles and responsibilities are divided across multiple actors. This presents opportunities and challenges in dealing with climate change. It has led to a complex policy landscape of interdependent and independent emissions reduction polices at the federal and subnational level. This paper situates Australian federalism within the growing body of literature on polycentric and multi-level approaches to climate governance that claim normative superiority over unitary forms of governance. Equally, the presence of multiple actors presents coordination challenges if cooperation is not present or interests are not aligned. This thesis asks; How is Australian federalism impacting effective emissions reduction in the electricity sector? This thesis uses the Renewable Energy Target (RET) as a case study to examine the interplay between federal and subnational policy action. Comparative analysis of the federal, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) and New South Wales (NSW) approaches to the RET is conducted observing vertical and horizontal interactions. Data collected from the policy review and semi-structured interviews is analysed using orienting concepts identified in the literature review and Head’s three lenses of evidence based policy. Research findings suggest that federal, ACT and NSW RET policies have developed in relation to one another overtime. Vertical and horizontal policy interactions are primarily determined by intergovernmental relations however in the absence of federal leadership, subnational actors will act in their own best interest to ‘fill the void’. The presence of federal and subnational actors allows for top-down, bottom up and side-ways influence presenting opportunity for increased experimentation, learning, flexibility and adaptability. Experimentation and policy learning is observed at the subnational level suggesting that if actors cannot look up for direction they can look sideways. Further, intergovernmental relations are found to be dynamic; conflict, competition, and cooperation are not mutually exclusive and exist concurrently along vertical and horizontal lines. This thesis identifies political party identity as a key determinant of cooperation versus conflict in the Australian context. This novel factor has largely been overlooked in literature on multi-level governance thus far. It is found that differing political party dominance at the federal and subnational level can lead to competitive collective subnational action, giving rise to potential bottom-up influence. Conversely, in situations where political parties align at both levels, cooperation is more likely. This thesis highlights subnational actors as key players and a collective source of power in achieving emissions reduction in the Australian electricity sector.
Gli ultimi tre pianeti di Kepler
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

L'ultima campagna osservativa del telescopio spaziale Kepler della Nasa è durata solo un mese. Quando il veicolo spaziale iniziò a esaurire il carburante per il controllo dell'assetto, non riuscì a mantenere la sua posizione abbastanza a lungo da raccogliere osservazioni utili. Di quell’ultimo periodo, Kepler ci ha lasciato solo sette giorni di dati di alta qualità, dove ora sono stati trovati tre pianeti
Una nova fuori dal comune
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Mentre studiava V1674 Herculis, la nova classica più veloce mai registrata, una giovane ricercatrice del New Mexico Tech ha scoperto inaspettate emissioni non termiche provenienti dal sistema binario formato da una nana bianca e da una compagna nana, arrivando alla conclusione che la nova in questione potrebbe essere stata erroneamente classificata come semplice
Successive phase transitions and kink solutions in $ϕ^{8}$, $ϕ^{10}$, and $ϕ^{12}$ field theories
Creators: name: Khare, Avinash
name: Christov, Ivan C.
name: Saxena, Avadh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain exact solutions for kinks in $ϕ^{8}$, $ϕ^{10}$ and $ϕ^{12}$ field theories with degenerate minima, which can describe a second-order phase transition followed by a first-order one, a succession of two first-order phase transitions and a second-order phase transition followed by two first-order phase transitions, respectively. Such phase transitions are known to occur in ferroelastic and ferroelectric crystals and in meson physics. In particular, we find that the higher-order field theories have kink solutions with algebraically-decaying tails and also asymmetric cases with mixed exponential-algebraic tail decay, unlike the lower-order $ϕ^4$ and $ϕ^6$ theories. Additionally, we construct distinct kinks with equal energies in all three field theories considered, and we show the co-existence of up to three distinct kinks (for a $ϕ^{12}$ potential with six degenerate minima). We also summarize phonon dispersion relations for these systems, showing that the higher-order field theories have specific cases in which only nonlinear phonons are allowed. For the $ϕ^{10}$ field theory, which is a quasi-exactly solvable (QES) model akin to $ϕ^6$, we are also able to obtain three analytical solutions for the classical free energy as well as the probability distribution function in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures, REVTeX4.1 format; v3 corrects minor typos
Webb sente puzza di fumo a 12 miliardi di anni luce
Creators: Jacopo Danieli
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Un team internazionale di ricercatori ha individuato, grazie al telescopio spaziale James Webb e a una lente gravitazionale, le molecole organiche complesse più distanti finora osservate. Si trovano all’interno di una galassia a circa 12 miliardi di anni luce da noi e sono idrocarburi policiclici aromatici: composti presenti anche qui sulla Terra, nel fumo, nello smog e nella fuliggine. Il risultato è pubblicato questa settimana su Nature
Brachypalpus chrysites Egger 1859
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Brachypalpus
Brachypalpus chrysites

description: Brachypalpus chrysites Egger, 1859 ČS: VU BoreoalpinnÍ druh, vyskytujÍcÍ se vzÁcně na světlinÁch a okrajÍch zachovalých jehličnatých lesů s přestÁrlými a odumÍrajÍcÍmi stromy v porostu. Saproxylické larvy se vyvÍjejÍ v trouchnivějÍcÍm vlhkém dřevě kmenů starých a padlých stromů. Černá hora PR [5]: 6.V.-2.VI.2004, 1 ♂ (YPT); 25.VI.-14.VII.2004, 1 ♂ (YPT). Poledník [31]: 25.VI.-14.VII.2004, 1 ♀ (YPT). Rašeliniště Jizerky NPR [33a]: 3.-16.VI.2005, 1 ♀ (MT). Rašeliniště Jizery NPR [34]: 5.-17.V.2003, 1 ♂ (YPT). Tichá říčka PP [44]: 6.V.-2.VI.2004, 2 ♂♂ (YPT).
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
Slices of motivic Landweber spectra
Creators: name: Spitzweck, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Phase field models; parametric sharp interface methods; Stefan problem; anisotropy; solidification; crystal growth; numerical simulations; benchmark problems
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: In this paper we show that a conjecture of Voevodsky about the slices of the motivic cobordism spectrum implies a statement about the slices of motivic Landweber spectra. Over perfect fields these slices are given by the coefficients of the corresponding topological Landweber spectrum and the motivic Eilenberg MacLane spectrum. We also prove a cohomological version of Landweber exactness which applies to the compact objects of the stable motivic homotopy category.
L’Italia si candida a ospitare l’Einstein Telescope
Creators: Enrica Battifoglia e Silvia Gasparetto / Ansa
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

A presentare oggi a Roma la candidatura ufficiale del sito di Sos Enattos, in Sardegna, a ospitare l’Einstein Telescope è il governo italiano, con la presidente del Consiglio Giorgia Meloni e il vicepresidente del Consiglio e ministro degli Affari Esteri Antonio Tajani. Con loro i ministri Anna Maria Bernini ed Elvira Calderone, il sottosegretario alla presidenza del Consiglio Alfredo Mantovano, il Nobel Giorgio Parisi e il governatore della Sardegna, Christian Solinas
Alla ricerca di segnali alieni nel cuore della Galassia
Creators: Jacopo Danieli
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Un team di ricercatori guidato da Akshay Suresh, astronomo presso la Cornell University, ha sviluppato un nuovo software open-source basato sul Fast Folding Algorithm (Ffa), un algoritmo particolarmente efficiente per la ricerca di segnali periodici a banda stretta, per rilevare potenziali segnali di civiltà aliene avanzate provenienti dal centro della nostra galassia. I primi test sono stati effettuati sulle pulsar
“Ho dovuto imparare come non arrossire”
Creators: Chiara Badia
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Jocelyn Bell Burnell, l’astronoma che nel 1967 – all’epoca studentessa 24enne – scoprì la prima pulsar, era la settimana scorsa in Italia alla “Conferenza internazionale supernova”, nei Laboratori nazionali del Gran Sasso dell’Infn. Chiara Badia l’ha intervistata per Media Inaf
Non-relativistic Nambu-Goldstone modes propagating along a skyrmion line
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Michikazu
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes or gapless modes propagating along a skyrmion (lump) line in a relativistic and non-relativistic O(3) sigma model, the latter of which describes isotropic Heisenberg ferromagnets. We show for the non-relativistic case that there appear two coupled gapless modes with a quadratic dispersion. In addition to the well-known Kelvin mode consisting of two translational zero modes transverse to the skyrmion line, we show that the other consists of a magnon and dilaton, that is, a NG mode for a spontaneously broken internal U(1) symmetry and a quasi-NG mode for a spontaneously broken scale symmetry of the equation of motion. We find that the commutation relations of Noether charges admit a central extension between the dilatation and phase rotation, in addition to the one between two translations found recently. The counting rule is consistent with the Nielsen-Chadha and Watanabe-Brauner relations only when we take into account quasi-NG modes.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, 2 mpg files (animations for coupled type-II NG modes), v2: one section for the explicit breaking of the scale symmetry added, published version
Motore a magnetar alimenta i lampi gamma
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Cosa sono i lampi di raggi gamma? Come si generano? Un gruppo di ricercatori guidati da Simone Dall'Osso dell’Infn e dell’Inaf ha proposto una possibile soluzione: una magnetar appena formata e rapidamente rotante potrebbe spiegare la loro violenta accensione fino allo spegnimento definitivo. Il risultato è stato pubblicato su The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Decifrato messaggio da Marte: ora l’interpretazione
Creators: Redazione Ansa
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Nella notte tra il 31 maggio e il primo giugno è stato decifrato il messaggio pseudo-alieno inviato dalla sonda Esa Trace Gas Orbiter intorno a Marte la sera del 24 maggio e ricevuto dai radiotelescopi sulla Terra nell'ambito del progetto “A sign in space”. La decodifica, ottenuta attraverso uno sforzo collettivo internazionale, segna l'inizio di una nuova sfida: interpretare il contenuto del messaggio
Così Encelado annaffia Saturno e il suo sistema
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Le nuove immagini della Near-Infrared Camera di Webb hanno rivelato un pennacchio di vapore acqueo che si sprigiona dal polo sud di Encelado, estendendosi per 40 volte la dimensione della luna stessa. Grazie agli spettri a campo integrale del Near-Infrared Spectrograph, poi, è stato possibile confermare che l'acqua espulsa da Encelado alimenta il resto dell'ambiente circostante. Fra gli autori dello studio, Giovanni Strazzulla dell’Inaf di Catania
De Sitter microstates from T T¯ + Λ2 and the Hawking-Page transition
Creators: name: Coleman, E
name: Mazenc, EA
name: Shyam, V
name: Silverstein, E
name: Soni, RM
name: Torroba, G
name: Yang, S
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Jhep 25th Anniversary Special Issue
JHEP ANNIVERSARY SPECIAL ISSUE
Gauge-Gravity Correspondence
Models of Quantum Gravity

description: We obtain microstates accounting for the Gibbons-Hawking entropy in $dS_3$, along with a subleading logarithmic correction, from the solvable $T\bar T+\Lambda_2$ deformation of a seed CFT with sparse light spectrum. The microstates arise as the dressed CFT states near dimension $\Delta=c/6$, associated with the Hawking-Page transition; they dominate the real spectrum of the deformed theory. We exhibit an analogue of the Hawking-Page transition in de Sitter. Appropriate generalizations of the $T\bar T+\Lambda_2$ deformation are required to treat model-dependent local bulk physics (subleading at large central charge) and higher dimensions. These results add considerably to the already strong motivation for the continued pursuit of such generalizations along with a more complete characterization of $T\bar T$ type theories, building from existing results in these directions.
Buchi bianchi, là dove il tempo cambia di segno
Creators: Patrizia Caraveo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Mentre da un buco nero nulla può uscire, in un buco bianco nulla può entrare: c’è solo l’uscita ed è a senso unico. A queste ipotetiche entità è dedicato “Buchi bianchi. Dentro l’orizzonte” di Carlo Rovelli, recensito dall’astrofisica Patrizia Caraveo domenica scorsa sul Sole24Ore in questo articolo che vi riproponiamo con il consenso dell’autrice
Il primo catalogo dei brillamenti solari di Agile
Creators: Redazione Media Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

È stato realizzato il primo catalogo di Agile dei brillamenti solari, che include più di 5000 eventi rivelati dal lancio del satellite, nel 2007, fino al 2022, e contiene informazioni riguardanti la loro durata complessiva, la loro fase di crescita e decrescita e l'energia da essi rilasciata. Questa mappatura sarà pubblicata prossimamente sulla rivista scientifica The Astrophysical Journal Letter Supplement
Advances in local area optical data communication systems
Creators: name: Cunningham, David George
name: White, Ian H
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: This paper reviews optical fibre technology for local area optical communications systems. Technologies used in local systems include single and multimode fibre, single and multimode lasers, optical modulators, photodetectors, wavelength division multiplexing, multilevel modulation formats, electronic packet switching, electronic equalization and error correction. These methods have enabled the local area optical link data rate to increase from 0.1 Gb/s in 1990 to nearly a Tb/s in 2019. The challenges to increasing link data rates further, whilst reducing the transmitted power per bit, at reduced cost are discussed. Potential technical solutions and newly proposed methods which might address these challenges are highlighted.
The Potential of Jackfruit to Contribute to Rural Development in Leyte, Philippines
Creators: name: Gillies, Emma
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2016

description: The Filipino government is currently implementing policies in which different provinces are promoted as major producers of flagship commodities under the High Value Crops Development program. This policy approach contains social elements such as poverty alleviation. This thesis investigates the potential of jackfruit to become either a sustainable crop or a cash crop commodity in Leyte, the Philippines. It analyses jackfruits potential to contribute to rural development and as a result reduce levels of poverty and improve farmer’s livelihoods. This thesis uses a food systems and systems thinking approach to analyse cash crop commodities. By doing so it enables the whole system to be analysed in an holistic manner, hence addressing the inter-connectedness and interactions between the different components of the system. The cultural adaptation template which was developed by Newell (2011) is the key analytical framework utilised to undertake this analysis. This thesis seeks to understand what lessons can be learnt from structurally similar cash crop commodities case studies (banana and coconut) and applied to the jackfruit case study. Findings suggest that the policy focus of agricultural intensification to reduce levels of poverty is not successfully achieving its social policy goals. Poverty statistics have not significantly changed over the years despite the consistent increase in production, prices and export levels. The approach is resulting in significant social, environmental and economic costs at the site of production. As a result the health of the ecosystem and human wellbeing is deteriorating. The policy approach is feeding into an international economic system where the bulk production of commodities is required to meet global demand. Due to the structural similarities between the three it is likely that jackfruit will develop into a cash crop commodity. As the jackfruit industry is still being developed in Leyte, interventions in the system can occur to ensure that this does not occur. Recommended points of intervention in the system include ensuring those involved in rural agriculture have a greater influence on policy, the creation of farmer cooperatives, value adding options, organic certification, collective agreements and the establishment of government taxes and payments. Ultimately, however, the Filipino government needs to have a paradigm shift in their views from agricultural intensification policies to an approach where socio-environmental degradation does not come second to the economy. Until there is this shift, jackfruit will become a cash crop commodity for farmers and will not provide them with an adequate income which would remove them from poverty.
Brachypalpus laphriformis
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Brachypalpus
Brachypalpus laphriformis

description: Brachypalpus laphriformis (Fallén, 1816) ČS: VU Saproxylický druh mÍrného pÁsu Evropy, vyskytujÍcÍ se vzÁcně a lokÁlně v listnatých lesÍch s přestÁrlými stromy a padlou trouchnivějÍcÍ dřevnÍ hmotou. Larvy jsou znÁmy z exudÁtů a zavodněných dentrotelem v kmenech listnatých stromů. Bukovec PR [3a]: 13.VI.2005, 1 ♀; [3d]: 17.VI.2005, 1 ♀.
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
Astro-incontri per prepararci all’estate
Creators: Fabrizio Villa
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Il 21 giugno è il momento del solstizio d’estate, quando la notte è più corta. Nonostante questo, noi frequentatori notturni potremo ugualmente godere del cielo stellato e delle bellezze che esso ci offre. Venere e Marte passeranno davanti all’ammasso aperto M44, saranno visibili gli ammassi globulari che circondano la nostra galassia e la miriade di oggetti celesti in prossimità del centro galattico
How Many $e$-Folds Should We Expect from High-Scale Inflation?
Creators: name: Remmen, Grant N.
name: Carroll, Sean M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the issue of how many $e$-folds we would naturally expect if inflation occurred at an energy scale of order $10^{16}$ GeV. We use the canonical measure on trajectories in classical phase space, specialized to the case of flat universes with a single scalar field. While there is no exact analytic expression for the measure, we are able to derive conditions that determine its behavior. For a quadratic potential $V(ϕ)=m^{2}ϕ^{2}/2$ with $m=2\times10^{13}$ GeV and cutoff at $M_{\rm Pl}=2.4\times10^{18}$ GeV, we find an expectation value of $2\times10^{10}$ $e$-folds on the set of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker trajectories. For cosine inflation $V(ϕ)=Λ^{4}[1-\cos(ϕ/f)]$ with $f=1.5\times10^{19}$ GeV, we find that the expected total number of $e$-folds is 50, which would just satisfy the observed requirements of our own Universe; if $f$ is larger, more than 50 $e$-folds are generically attained. We conclude that one should expect a large amount of inflation in large-field models and more limited inflation in small-field (hilltop) scenarios.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. PRD version
Canaries of the Catchment: Exploring the partnership between oyster farmers and government actors in estuary management
Creators: name: Gordan, Anna
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2017

description: Coastal catchments are increasingly popular sites of human settlement. The ecological and social wellbeing of these catchment communities relies significantly on high water quality. As the physical sinks of catchments, estuaries provide important information regarding the sustainability of catchment activities due to their influence on water quality. Oysters are a sentinel, filter-feeding species that occur naturally in estuaries, but are also commercially bred as the major aquaculture industry in New South Wales (NSW). In the past two decades, oyster farmers in NSW have become increasingly involved in estuary management. Within a collaborative governance frame, this thesis investigates the emergence of a partnership between oyster farmers and government actors – local, regional and state – to address water quality challenges. Partnerships in Natural Resource Management (NRM) are an important area of research, as they represent a critical opportunity to apply participatory governance ideals and approaches to solving sustainability problems. However, studies of the operationalisation of NRM partnerships are sparse. This thesis responds to this theoretical gap, while also responding to professional stakeholder needs that have been identified through a transdisciplinary research approach. This thesis aimed to investigate the how existing institutional arrangements influence collaborative partnerships between oyster farmers and government actors in estuary management. My findings highlight that there are a range of factors – structural, contextual and personal - that influence the effectiveness of oyster industry-government partnerships. While these factors can act as barriers, they can also drive institutional adaptation on local and regional scales. Formal and informal types of institutional adaptation were identified in the research context, highlighting the opportunities for flexibility and innovation within a collaborative governance regime. A key finding of this research are how the personal capacities of knowledge and trust can be fostered to collaborate in estuary management and consequently encourage institutional adaptation. Adequately scaled and resourced regional NRM bodies are also critical to collaborative governance for NRM, and this research suggests that there has been a significant capacity reduction in the current regional NRM bodies in NSW. These findings have theoretical and practical implications for actors wanting to improve the likelihood of effective collaborative processes in NRM more broadly, while also providing specific insights to the NSW estuary governance context.
La supernova Sn 2023ixf osservata al Tng
Creators: Redazione Media Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Dal 21 maggio, Inaf e Iac hanno avviato una campagna osservativa in collaborazione presso il Tng al fine di studiare Sn 2023ixf, la supernova scoperta il 19 maggio nella galassia a spirale M101. Dagli spettri si evince una temperatura della fotosfera superiore a 10mila kelvin e velocità di espansione relativamente basse, significativamente inferiori alle velocità tipiche del materiale espulso dalle supernove
On Modeling Risk Shocks
Creators: name: Dorofeenko, Victor
name: Lee, Gabriel
name: Salyer, Kevin
name: Strobel, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Within the context of a financial accelerator model, we model time-varying uncertainty (i.e. risk shocks) through the use of a mixture Normal model with time variation in the weights applied to the underlying distributions characterizing entrepreneur productivity. Specifically, we model capital producers (i.e. the entrepreneurs) as either low-risk (relatively small second moment for productivity) and high-risk (relatively large second moment for productivity) and the fraction of both types is time-varying. We show that a small change in the fraction of risky types (a change from 1% to 2% of the population) can result in a large quantitative effect or a risk shock relative to standard models. The bankruptcy rate and the risk premium in the economy are very sensitive to a change in the composition of agents and is countercyclical.
Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on Vegetation Photosynthetic Activity in Tasmania's Protected Regions
Creators: name: Grafton, Brecon
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2016

description: "Tasmania hosts many unique vegetative ecosystems, which are being placed under direct threat as a result of climate change. As a result, it is important to understand what impacts climate change has been having upon these regions, in order to be better placed to anticipate what the future may hold. This thesis analyses the extent to which photosynthetic activity of vegetation in Tasmania’s protected regions may have changed between 1981 and 2013. Using the data from this 32 year period, three different linear regression models were estimated. The first model assessed changes in the Normalized Differentiated Vegetation Index (NDVI) across the study area. The second model analysed changes in the key climate variables identified (rainfall, solar radiation, maximum and minimum temperatures) in order to assess how they have varied through time. A third model compared the correlation between each climate variable and NDVI through time in order to determine the possible influence each variable may have had on NDVI. The results indicated that vegetation photosynthetic activity has increased with time over much of the protected regions of Tasmania. Further, increases in maximum daily temperature appear to be one of the primary contributing factors to this change, with lesser influence coming from minimum daily temperature, solar radiation, and rainfall.
Statistical and Systematic Errors in Measurement of Weak-Lensing Minkowski Functionals: Application to Canada-France-Hawaii Lensing Survey
Creators: name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Yoshida, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of cosmic shear using weak gravitational lensing is a challenging task that involves a number of complicated procedures. We study in detail the systematic errors in the measurement of weak lensing Minkowski Functionals (MFs). Specifically, we focus on systematics associated with galaxy shape measurements, photometric redshift errors, and shear calibration correction. We first generate mock weak-lensing catalogs that directly incorporate the actual observational characteristics of the Canada-France-Hawaii Lensing Survey (CFHTLenS). We then perform a Fisher analysis using the large set of mock catalogs for various cosmological models. We find that the statistical error associated with the observational effects degrades the cosmological parameter constraints by a factor of a few. The Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey with a sky coverage of ~1400 deg2 will constrain the dark energy equation of the state parameter with an error of Delta w_0 ~ 0.25 by the lensing MFs alone, but biases induced by the systematics can be comparable to the 1-sigma error. We conclude that the lensing MFs are powerful statistics beyond the two-point statistics, only if well-calibrated measurement of both the redshifts and the shapes of source galaxies is performed. Finally, we analyze the CFHTLenS data to explore the ability of the MFs to break degeneracies between a few cosmological parameters. Using a combined analysis of the MFs and the shear correlation function, we derive the matter density Omega_m0= 0.256+0.054-0.046.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Dimerized Mott insulators in hexagonal optical lattices
Creators: name: Jürgensen, Ole
name: Lühmann, Dirk-Sören
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bosonic atoms in optical honeycomb lattices with anisotropic tunneling and find dimerized Mott insulator phases with fractional filling. These incompressible insulating phases are characterized by an interaction-driven localization of particles in respect to the individual dimers and large local particle-number fluctuations within the dimers. We calculate the ground-state phase diagrams and the excitation spectra using an accurate cluster mean-field method. The cluster treatment enables us to probe the fundamental excitations of the dimerized Mott insulator where the excitation gap is dominated by the intra-dimer tunneling amplitude. This allows the distinction from normal Mott insulating phases gapped by the on-site interaction. In addition, we present analytical results for the phase diagram derived by a higher-order strong-coupling perturbative expansion approach. By computing finite lattices with large diameters the influence of a harmonic confinement is discussed in detail. It is shown that a large fraction of atoms forms the dimerized Mott insulator under experimental conditions. The necessary anisotropic tunneling can be realized either by periodic driving of the optical lattice or by engineering directly a dimerized lattice potential. The dimers can be mapped to to their antisymmetric states creating a lattice with coupled p-orbitals.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Chalcosyrphus nemorum
Creators: name: MAZáNEK, Libor
name: VONIČKA, Pavel
name: PREISLER, JiřÍ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Chalcosyrphus
Chalcosyrphus nemorum

description: Chalcosyrphus nemorum (Fabricius, 1805) Široce rozšÍřený holarktický druh, poměrně častý v podmÁčených lesÍch a dřevinami zarůstajÍcÍch mokřadech. Saproxylické larvy žijÍ ve vodou nasÁklém dřevě v dřevnÍm opadu, pařezech a dentrotelmÁch listnatých sromů. Černousy [6a]: 14.V.-14.VI.2007, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (MT); 14.VI.-1.VII.2007, 1 ♂ (MT); 1.-25.VII.2007, 2 ♀♀ (MT). Malá Strana PR [21]: 5.-20.VIII.2003, 1 ♀ (YPT). Meandry Smědé PR [22b]: 4.-19.V.2005, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (YPT); 19.-31.V.2005, 2 ♂♂ (YPT); 31.V.-22.VI.2005, 1 ♂ (YPT); 22.VI.-5.VII.2005, 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (YPT). Rašeliniště Jizery NPR [34]: 20.VIII.-2.IX.2003, 1 ♂ (YPT). Špičák [41]: 31.VII.2004, 1 ♀ (SW).
description: Published as part of MAZáNEK, Libor, VONIČKA, Pavel & PREISLER, JiřÍ, 2009, Syrphidae (Diptera) of the Jizerské hory Mts and Frýdlant region (northern Bohemia, Czech Republic), pp. 3-46 in Sborník Severočeského Muzea 27 on page 40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7153554
Plasma Density Estimation from Field Line Resonances in the Magnetosphere
Creators: name: Rogers, Lachlan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006

description: A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the degree of Bachelor of Science (Honours) at The School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Newcastle. When geomagnetic field lines in the Earth's magnetosphere are perturbed they may resonate like a violin string, giving rise to ultra-low frequency (ULF) hydromagnetic wave field line resonance (FLR). Through studying the effect of mass loading on FLR it is possible to remotely determine the plasma mass density in these regions. A number of attempts have previously been made to develop a technique for probing plasmaspheric densities using the harmonic structure of observed ULF field line resonances. In developing this technique further, the fundamental relationship between flux tube density and FLR harmonic frequencies has been explored. A number of parameterised density models were examined, and the Bernstein basis polynomials were found to be particularly useful due to the spatial significance of the plasma model parameters and the wide variety of possible profiles. FLR harmonics were observed in geomagnetic pulsation data measured by the GOES spacecraft in 2003. The situation with one GOES satellite slowly drifting azimuthally past another provided the opportunity to examine the azimuthal structure of the resonances. The challenges associated with determining the density profile of a flux tube from FLR harmonic frequencies have been explored. It was found that less information is contained in the harmonic series than has previously been expected.
Un terzo degli esopianeti nella zona abitabile
Creators: Jacopo Danieli
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2023

Due ricercatrici dell’Università della Florida, analizzando un campione di oltre 150 esopianeti in orbita attorno a nane rosse, hanno concluso che un terzo di questi pianeti potrebbe avere acqua liquida in superficie. Essendo le nane rosse il tipo di stelle più comune nella Galassia, potenzialmente i pianeti nella zona abitabile potrebbero essere centinaia di milioni. Tutti i dettagli verranno pubblicati su Pnas