cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing short-term variability and sampling of primary volatiles in comet 46P/ Wirtanen
Creators: name: Khan, Younas
name: Gibb, Erika L.
name: Bonev, Boncho
name: Roth, Nathan X.
name: Saki, Mohammad
name: DiSanti, Michael A.
name: Dello Russo, Neil
name: Vervack, Jr., Ronald J.
name: McKay, Adam
name: Combi, Michael R.
name: Shou, Yinsi
name: Cordiner, Martin A.
name: Kawakita, Hideyo
name: Fougere, Nicolas
name: Protopapa, Silvia
Publisher: name: Web Portal IOP
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences

description: The exceptionally favorable close approach of Jupiter-family comet 46P/Wirtanen in 2018 December enabled characterization of its primary volatile composition with exceptionally high spatial resolution and sensitivities using the iSHELL spectrograph at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility on Maunakea, HI. We sampled emissions from H2O, HCN, C2H2, NH3, C2H6, and CH3OH on UT 2018 December 21 using two instrumental settings that spanned the 2.9–3.6 μm spectral region. We also obtained a sensitive 3σ upper limit for H2CO and for the rarely studied molecule HC3N. We report rotational temperatures, production rates, and mixing ratios (relative to H2O as well as to C2H6). We place our results in context by comparing them with other comets observed at near-IR wavelengths. We also compare our results with those obtained using the NIRSPEC-2 spectrograph on Keck II on UT December 17 and 18 and with results obtained from iSHELL on other dates during the same apparition. Within 1–2σ uncertainty, production rates obtained for all molecules in this work were consistent with those obtained using NIRSPEC-2 except H2O, indicating low-level variability on a timescale of days. Mixing ratios with respect to H2O in 46P/Wirtanen were consistent with corresponding values from NIRSPEC-2 within the uncertainty with the exception of CH3OH, which yielded a higher ratio on December 21. Our measurements afforded a high temporal resolution that spanned ∼2/3 of the rotational period of 46P/Wirtanen, enabling us to test short-term variability in the production rates of H2O and HCN due to rotational effects. Both H2O and HCN production rates showed similar temporal variability, resulting in nearly constant HCN/H2O.
The Progenitors of Short-Hard Gamma-Ray Bursts from an Extended Sample of Events
Creators: name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Nakar, Ehud
name: Ofek, Eran
name: Fox, D. B.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Soderberg, A. M.
name: Harrison, F.
name: Price, P. A.
name: Penprase, B. E.
name: Frail, D.
name: Berger, E.
name: Gladders, M.
name: Mulchaey, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of the afterglow emission and host galaxies of short-hard gamma-ray bursts (SHBs) is one of the most exciting recent astronomical discoveries. Indications that SHB progenitors belong to old stellar populations, in contrast to those of the long-soft GRBs, provide a strong clue about their physical nature. Definitive conclusions however are limited by the small number of SHBs with known hosts. Here, we present our investigation of SHBs previously localized by the interplanetary network (IPN) using new and archival optical and X-ray observations. We show that we can likely identify the host galaxies/clusters for additional two bursts, significantly increasing the sample of SHBs with known hosts and/or distances. In particular, we determine that the bright SHB 790613 occurred within the rich galaxy cluster Abell 1892, making it probably the nearest SHB currently known. We show that the brightest galaxy within the error box of SHB 000607, at z=0.14, is most likely the host galaxy of this event. Additionally, we rule out the existence of galaxy overdensities (down to ~21mag) near the locations of two other SHBs, and set a lower limit on their probable redshift. We combine our SHB sample with events discovered recently by the Swift and HETE-2 missions, and investigate the properties of the extended sample. Comparison to SNe Ia shows that the progenitors of SHBs are typically older, implying a typical life time of several Gy. We also show that it is unlikely that there is a significant population of progenitors with life time shorter than 1Gy. This result disfavors the popular model of NS-NS mergers as the progenitors of SHBs.
description: Revised following comments. Matches version submitted to ApJ
Using Reinforcement Learning in the Algorithmic Trading Problem
Creators: name: Ponomarev, Evgeny
name: Oseledets, Ivan
name: Cichocki, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The development of reinforced learning methods has extended application to many areas including algorithmic trading. In this paper trading on the stock exchange is interpreted into a game with a Markov property consisting of states, actions, and rewards. A system for trading the fixed volume of a financial instrument is proposed and experimentally tested; this is based on the asynchronous advantage actor-critic method with the use of several neural network architectures. The application of recurrent layers in this approach is investigated. The experiments were performed on real anonymized data. The best architecture demonstrated a trading strategy for the RTS Index futures (MOEX:RTSI) with a profitability of 66% per annum accounting for commission. The project source code is available via the following link: http://github.com/evgps/a3c_trading.
THE MAIN DIFFERENCES  OF SIMULTANEOUSLY AND       CONSECUTIVE TRANSLATION
Creators: name: Abduvaliyeva Farangizxon Salohiddin qizi Student of Fergana State University
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: For centuries, people from all over the world have engaged in translation and interpretation as a long-standing creative endeavor that is shaped by history and culture. It is the same across all of the earth's continents and areas. Since humans have existed for thousands of years, their progeny have used translation to express their creative interests, possibilities, and passions. It is an international communication tool that is consistently and successfully employed. Human nations are aware of one another thanks to translation and translators; this exchange took place. Due to their historical, social, and intellectual nature, linguistics attempts to establish equality and parity in its procedures. Translators and linguists are constantly at the forefront of their respective eras' cultures was operating Thus, among the domains that humanity has created, translation has emerged as an invaluable, valued, noble, and sophisticated endeavor.

KEY WORDS: translation, translator, oral, written, simultaneously, consecutive   whispering.
EDF (Epigraphic Database Falsae) e le copie di iscrizioni urbane nella collezione del Museo Civico di Catania
Creators: name: Caldelli, Maria Letizia
Publisher: name: HISTORIKA Studi di storia greca e romana
Year: 2021

description: Un nuovo database informatico di testi e immagini, EDF (Epigraphic Database Falsae), ha lo scopo di riunire e mettere a disposizione di un pubblico di utenti quanto più vasto possibile le iscrizioni falsae prodotte in Italia dal Medioevo a oggi, con falsae intendendo realtà molto differenti tra loro, quali le copie di iscrizioni di età greco-romana, le epigrafi d'invenzione che imitano dolosamente l'antico, trascrizioni o rielaborazioni di passi letterari o di monete, alterazioni di iscrizioni antiche. Con questo contributo, il progetto, frutto del finanziamento PRIN 2015 - False testimonianze. Copie, contraffazioni, manipolazioni e abusi del documento epigrafico, intende fornire una presentazione delle sue potenzialità, prendendo come esempio la straordinaria collezione di copie di epigrafi di epoca romana ospitata nel Museo Civico di Catania.
description: HISTORIKA Studi di storia greca e romana, Vol 10 (2020)
Quantifying the hypervolatile abundances in Jupiter-family comet 46P/Wirtanen
Creators: name: McKay, Adam
name: DiSanti, Michael A.
name: Cochran, Anita L.
name: Bonev, Boncho
name: Dello Russo, Neil
name: Vervack, Jr., Ronald J.
name: Gibb, Erika
name: Roth, Nathan X.
name: Saki, Mohammad
name: Khan, Younas
name: Kawakita, Hideyo
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We present analysis of IR and optical spectroscopy of Jupiter-family comet (JFC) 46P/Wirtanen obtained in 2019 January, when the comet had sufficient geocentric velocity to enable studies of the hypervolatiles CO and CH4, as well as [O I] emission. These species could not be studied near closest approach in mid-December because there was insufficient Doppler shift to separate the cometary emission from their corresponding telluric absorption lines. We employed the [O I] observations as a proxy for the CO2/H2O ratio, as CO2 cannot be observed directly from the ground, and space-based assets sensitive to CO2 were not able to observe 46P during this apparition. We focused our analysis on H2O, CO, CH4, C2H6, CH3OH, and CO2 (via [O I] emission). We detected strong emissions from H2O, C2H6, and CH3OH. Over the 3 nights, we found evidence for changing mixing ratios, mostly due to a variable H2O production rate. In 46P, C2H6 and CH3OH are enriched compared to cometary averages, with mixing ratios relative to H2O of ∼1% and ∼3%, respectively. Measurements of CH4 and CO have been especially rare in JFCs. We report significant 3σ upper limits on CH4/H2O < 0.97% and CO/H2O < 0.54%. They place CH4 being near-average or depleted, and CO being strongly depleted in 46P compared with Oort cloud comets. 46P has comparable CO/H2O to the few other measurements in JFCs, but enriched in C2H6 and CH3OH. Our inferred CO2/H2O mixing ratio is ∼15%, though accounting for systematic uncertainties from the lack of knowledge of [O I] photochemistry means a value between 10% and 20% is likely. The compositional profile of 46P is similar to another small, hyperactive comet: 103P/Hartley 2. The mechanism of CO2-driven water-rich ice grain production proposed for 103P/Hartley 2 may be operating on 46P as well.
On the origins of Riemann-Hilbert problems in mathematics
Creators: name: Bothner, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 30E25, Secondary 45M05, 60B20

description: This article is firstly a historic review of the theory of Riemann-Hilbert problems with particular emphasis placed on their original appearance in the context of Hilbert's 21st problem and Plemelj's work associated with it. The secondary purpose of this note is to invite a new generation of mathematicians to the fascinating world of Riemann-Hilbert techniques and their modern appearances in nonlinear mathematical physics. We set out to achieve this goal with six examples, including a new proof of the integro-differential Painlevé-II formula of Amir, Corwin, Quastel \cite{ACQ} that enters in the description of the KPZ crossover distribution. Parts of this text are based on the author's plenary lecture at the $15$th International Symposium on Orthogonal Polynomials, Special Functions and Applications (OPSFA) in Hagenberg, Austria.
description: 56 pages, 9 figures, to appear in Nonlinearity. Version 2 corrects typos and updates literature
QUAND LES IMMEUBLES DE GRANDE HAUTEUR SONT EN BOIS - WHEN HIGH RISE BUILDINGS ARE MADE OF WOOD
Creators: name: BERTIN, Ingrid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120202 Building Science and Techniques
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: 120302 Design Innovation
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 120402 Engineering Design Knowledge
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: In 2016, the “Earth Overshoot Day” landed on the 8th August. This day represents the time of year from which human demand exceeds the earth's ability to regenerate its resources. The construction sector produces more than 70% of waste in France. Faced with this alarming observation, the methods of construction must become more virtuous. Wood, which is the only fully renewable building material, must regain a prominent place in the building industry. Its qualities, in particular, its lightness, will make it possible to propose solutions to urbanization problems by increasing heights. Its reduced weight will allow building implementation on more constrained sites. The speed of construction that wood can offer, can reduce noise and the carbon footprint. The BIM tool, already implemented within setec tpi, finds here its full usefulness with the prefabrication of wood. In France, the Wood Industries Plan, carried out by ADIVbois, envisages the construction of several high-rise wooden buildings (up to 15 storeys high). These demonstrators will have to give a new dynamic to the French wood industry and allow the development of engineered wood from local species. Similar initiatives have taken place in Canada and the USA. Some European countries such as the Scandinavian countries (14 storeys built in Norway) and Austria, have more favorable circumstances and highly competitive wood industries. France wants to catch up, thanks in particular to its currently under-exploited forest potential. Setec tpi has been appointed by ADIVbois to manage the Structures workshop of the technical commission. It has accumulated knowledge, and extended its expertise in high-rise buildings using wood material. A guide for the design of high-rise wooden buildings has been prepared for future designers. The various studies and case studies have highlighted critical points to initiate research. The notions of damping, creep, stiffness of connections will have to be mastered in order to reach new height records
Quantifying the hypervolatile abundances in Jupiter-family comet 46P/Wirtanen
Creators: name: McKay, Adam
name: DiSanti, Michael A.
name: Cochran, Anita L.
name: Bonev, Boncho
name: Dello Russo, Neil
name: Vervack, Jr., Ronald J.
name: Gibb, Erika
name: Roth, Nathan X.
name: Saki, Mohammad
name: Khan, Younas
name: Kawakita, Hideyo
Publisher: name: Web Portal IOP
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences

description: We present analysis of IR and optical spectroscopy of Jupiter-family comet (JFC) 46P/Wirtanen obtained in 2019 January, when the comet had sufficient geocentric velocity to enable studies of the hypervolatiles CO and CH4, as well as [O I] emission. These species could not be studied near closest approach in mid-December because there was insufficient Doppler shift to separate the cometary emission from their corresponding telluric absorption lines. We employed the [O I] observations as a proxy for the CO2/H2O ratio, as CO2 cannot be observed directly from the ground, and space-based assets sensitive to CO2 were not able to observe 46P during this apparition. We focused our analysis on H2O, CO, CH4, C2H6, CH3OH, and CO2 (via [O I] emission). We detected strong emissions from H2O, C2H6, and CH3OH. Over the 3 nights, we found evidence for changing mixing ratios, mostly due to a variable H2O production rate. In 46P, C2H6 and CH3OH are enriched compared to cometary averages, with mixing ratios relative to H2O of ∼1% and ∼3%, respectively. Measurements of CH4 and CO have been especially rare in JFCs. We report significant 3σ upper limits on CH4/H2O < 0.97% and CO/H2O < 0.54%. They place CH4 being near-average or depleted, and CO being strongly depleted in 46P compared with Oort cloud comets. 46P has comparable CO/H2O to the few other measurements in JFCs, but enriched in C2H6 and CH3OH. Our inferred CO2/H2O mixing ratio is ∼15%, though accounting for systematic uncertainties from the lack of knowledge of [O I] photochemistry means a value between 10% and 20% is likely. The compositional profile of 46P is similar to another small, hyperactive comet: 103P/Hartley 2. The mechanism of CO2-driven water-rich ice grain production proposed for 103P/Hartley 2 may be operating on 46P as well.
How does experience change firms' foreign investment decisions to non-market events?
Creators: name: Oh, Chang Hoon
name: Shin, Jiyoung
name: Oetzel, Jennifer
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We examine how experience with two types of non-market risks (e.g., natural disasters and armed conflicts) changes foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions. Extending research on organizational learning and FDI, we hypothesize that the greater the experience with recent, frequent and high-intensity risk, the more likely that experience can moderate the relationship between non-market risks and firm international expansion. Given a sample of 625 Fortune Global 500 firms and their investments in 117 countries between 1999 and 2008, we find that experience with recent, frequent, and high-intensity risk can change a firm's FDI decision from risk avoidance to risk management.
Primer sequences for Sanger sequencing
Creators: name: Xiaosen Ma
name: Li, Ming
name: Anli Tong
name: Wang, Fen
name: Yunying Cui
name: Xuebin Zhang
name: Zhang, Yushi
name: Chen, Shi
name: Yuxiu Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111203 Cancer Genetics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Primer sequences for Sanger sequencing and PCR conditions
Ricci linear Weyl/Maxwell mutual sourcing
Creators: name: Davidson, Aharon
name: Ygael, Tomer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elevate the field theoretical similarities between Maxwell and Weyl vector fields into a full local scale/gauge invariant Weyl/Maxwell mutual sourcing theory. In its preliminary form, and exclusively in four dimensions, the associated Lagrangian is dynamical scalar field free, hosts no fermion matter fields, and Holdom kinetic mixing is switched off. The mutual sourcing term is then necessarily spacetime curvature (not just metric) dependent, and inevitably Ricci linear, suggesting that a non-vanishing spacetime curvature can in principle induce an electromagnetic current. In its mature form, however, the Weyl/Maxwell mutual sourcing idea serendipitously constitutes a novel variant of the gravitational Weyl-Dirac (incorporating Brans-Dicke) theory. Counter intuitively, and again exclusively in four dimensions, the optional quartic scalar potential gets consistently replaced by a Higgs-like potential, such that the co-divergence of the Maxwell vector field resembles a conformal vacuum expectation value.
description: Essay awarded Honorable Mention by the Gravity Research Foundation 2020. v.2 Title shorten, abstract modified to include the co-scalar VEV
Questions méthodologiques et nouveaux projets pour Inscriptions of Libya
Creators: name: Dobias-Lalou, Catherine
name: Bencivenni, Alice
name: Berthelot, Hugues
name: Chevrollier, François
Publisher: name: HISTORIKA Studi di storia greca e romana
Year: 2021

description: Questo articolo presenta alcuni aspetti relativi al progetto Inscriptions of Libya (InsLib) sviluppato in Francia, Italia e Gran Bretagna e dedicato alla pubblicazione online ad accesso libero delle iscrizioni della Libia antica e di altre risorse ad esse correlate. Il gruppo italo-francese ha la responsabilità dell'edizione, in formato EpiDoc, sia delle iscrizioni del periodo preromano (IG Cyrenaica) sia delle iscrizioni metriche di tutte le epoche (IG Cyrenaica Verse), come pure dei relativi materiali d'archivio e prosopografia. Dopo un breve quadro sulla storia e sulla metodologia del progetto, ognuno dei quattro autori del contributo illustra un tema correlato al suo lavoro. Autore 1 spiega il metodo scelto per raccogliere e classificare la bibliografia. Dato che l'edizione digitale offre traduzioni in più lingue moderne, Autore 2 riflette sulle modalità di traduzione delle iscrizioni in relazione alla pubblicazione online e al pubblico eterogeneo degli utenti. Autore 3 presenta il progetto relativo alla digitalizzazione dei calchi delle iscrizioni. Autore 4 spiega come stia completando la Prosopographia Cyrenaica del compianto André Laronde che rimane ad oggi inedita, evidenziando la metodologia che dovrebbe essere utilizzata per la pubblicazione online, anche in connessione con altri progetti in corso.
description: HISTORIKA Studi di storia greca e romana, Vol 10 (2020)
L'eccedenza nell'Atene del IV secolo: il caso di Apollodoro
Creators: name: Pischedda, Eleonora
Publisher: name: HISTORIKA Studi di storia greca e romana
Year: 2021

description: Nell’Atene del IV secolo le distribuzioni delle entrate pubbliche tra le varie casse era regolamentata dai nomoi. Tra i principali fondi la Cassa per gli Spettacoli era senza dubbio la destinataria di ingenti allocazioni. Anche le eccedenze venivano ripartite in base alle disposizioni di una legge della città: in tempo di pace venivano indirizzate al Theorikon e in tempo di guerra alla Cassa militare. Non tutti erano però concordi su questa spartizione: Apollodoro e Demostene si esposero in più occasioni nel tentativo di far abrogare o modificare questo nomos. Durante uno di questi tentativi Apollodoro venne coinvolto in una causa giudiziaria e giudicato colpevole. Cercheremo di capire quale fu l’accusa alla base dell’azione giudiziaria e come mai Apollodoro non riuscì ad ottenere il consenso dei giurati.
description: HISTORIKA Studi di storia greca e romana, Vol 10 (2020)
Integrated Modelling of Consumer Choice, Producer Decisions, and Policy Design in the Automotive Market
Creators: name: Yip, Arthur Hongchun
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: In this thesis, I explored and investigated consumer choice modeling, optimal engineering design, and technology-specific policy simulation in three studies. In the first study (Chapter 2), “On the Implications of Using Composite Vehicles in Choice Model Prediction,” I investigated the issues of choice set representation in choice modeling methodology. I derived composite correction factors for logit-class models that can help reconcile differences in modeling results in composite-level and elemental-level models. I then demonstrated cases where correction factors may be useful. This contributed to an improved understanding of how competitor representation affects choice predictions. In the second study (Chapter 3), “Implications of Competitor Representation on Optimal Engineering Design ,” I investigated profit-maximizing engineering design models that integrate choice models for demand. Specifically, I studied how competitor representation can affect the trade-off between cost and benefit of design change. I derived a closed-form expression for the marginal cost and benefit relationship for the level of an attribute under optimal design assuming a latent-class or mixed logit (random-coefficients logit) demand model. I used this to characterize the impact of competitor representation in a case study of optimal automotive design. In the third study (Chapter 4), “The dynamic costs and benefits of a technology-forcing policy nested in a broader performance standard: the case of ZEV and CAFE,” I addressed the complexity of dynamic effects and nested policy interaction in automotive energy and environmental policy. I focus on two policies: Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV) mandates and Corporate Average Fuel Economy / Greenhouse Gas (CAFE/GHG) standards. I simulated consumer, producer, and government decisions in a model with explicit technological change, dynamic learning-by-doing spillover effects, policy interaction effects, and endogenous fleet standard setting via cost-benefit analysis. I demonstrated the potential impacts of ZEV mandates: potential net social benefit or net social cost, depending on key factors and parameters. I identified these key factors and quantified the trade-offs that may inform ZEV and CAFE/GHG fleet standard policy-making.
How does experience change firms' foreign investment decisions to non-market events?
Creators: name: Oh, Chang Hoon
name: Shin, Jiyoung
name: Oetzel, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services
classificationCode: 3507
subject: Strategy, management and organisational behaviour

description: We examine how experience with two types of non-market risks (e.g., natural disasters and armed conflicts) changes foreign direct investment (FDI) decisions. Extending research on organizational learning and FDI, we hypothesize that the greater the experience with recent, frequent and high-intensity risk, the more likely that experience can moderate the relationship between non-market risks and firm international expansion. Given a sample of 625 Fortune Global 500 firms and their investments in 117 countries between 1999 and 2008, we find that experience with recent, frequent, and high-intensity risk can change a firm's FDI decision from risk avoidance to risk management.
DYNAMIC RESOURCE AND AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS USING STOCHASTIC OPTIMAL CONTROL: AN INTRODUCTION
Creators: name: Larson, Bruce A.
name: Larson, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper analyzes the optimwn control of stochastic processes. An investment model is used to introduce stochastic differential equations, interpret Ito's lemma, and derive Bellman's equation. An economic model of soil conservation where erosion is a stochastic process is then used to derive and interpret the stochastic maximum principle.
Using concentration-discharge relationships to identify influences on surface and subsurface water chemistry along a watershed urbanization gradient
Creators: name: Balerna, Jessica A.
name: Melone, Jacob C.
name: Knee, Karen
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Urban development within watersheds impacts the hydrology and water quality of streams, but changes to groundwater-surface water interactions in this “urban stream syndrome” are not yet well understood. This study focused on three stream systems in a northern Virginia (USA) protected area with 14.2, 31.7, and 66.1% developed land in their watersheds. Surface water was sampled weekly for nutrients, dissolved metals, sulfate, ancillary water quality parameters, and discharge over two non-consecutive years with the hyporheic zone sampled during the second year. Concentration-discharge relationships revealed largely chemostatic behavior in surface water solutes in the least urbanized stream, while in the two more urbanized streams, these relationships tended to have significant positive and negative slopes, indicating diverse delivery pathways depending on the constituent. In the least urbanized stream, linear regressions between discharge and solute concentrations in hyporheic water had exclusively negative slopes, indicating source-limited delivery, while the other two urbanized streams maintained largely chemostatic behavior. Average specific conductance and nitrate + nitrite concentrations in stream surface water reflected an urbanization gradient, while sulfate, Ca, K and Sr concentrations suggested a threshold effect: the stream with a mostly forested watershed had the lowest concentrations, while the other two were higher and similar. Specific conductance indicated salinization of both surface and groundwater at the two more urban streams, possibly threatening aquatic organisms. Metal concentrations in surface and subsurface water were often positively correlated with specific conductance and negatively correlated with pH, suggesting that they may originate from road salt and/or be mobilized by acid precipitation. These results indicate the importance of monitoring both baseflow and stormflow as pathways for pollution.
Wigner's little group and Berry's phase for massless particles
Creators: name: Lindner, Netanel H.
name: Peres, Asher
name: Terno, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ``little group'' for massless particles (namely, the Lorentz transformations $Λ$ that leave a null vector invariant) is isomorphic to the Euclidean group E2: translations and rotations in a plane. We show how to obtain explicitly the rotation angle of E2 as a function of $Λ$ and we relate that angle to Berry's topological phase. Some particles admit both signs of helicity, and it is then possible to define a reduced density matrix for their polarization. However, that density matrix is physically meaningless, because it has no transformation law under the Lorentz group, even under ordinary rotations.
description: 4 pages revtex
ThermoStereoRT: Thermal Stereo Matching in Real Time via Knowledge Distillation and Attention-based Refinement
Creators: name: Hu, Anning
name: Li, Ang
name: Jin, Xirui
name: Zou, Danping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce ThermoStereoRT, a real-time thermal stereo matching method designed for all-weather conditions that recovers disparity from two rectified thermal stereo images, envisioning applications such as night-time drone surveillance or under-bed cleaning robots. Leveraging a lightweight yet powerful backbone, ThermoStereoRT constructs a 3D cost volume from thermal images and employs multi-scale attention mechanisms to produce an initial disparity map. To refine this map, we design a novel channel and spatial attention module. Addressing the challenge of sparse ground truth data in thermal imagery, we utilize knowledge distillation to boost performance without increasing computational demands. Comprehensive evaluations on multiple datasets demonstrate that ThermoStereoRT delivers both real-time capacity and robust accuracy, making it a promising solution for real-world deployment in various challenging environments. Our code will be released on https://github.com/SJTU-ViSYS-team/ThermoStereoRT
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. Accepted to IEEE ICRA 2025. This is the preprint version
Shakeup and shakeoff satellite structure in the electron spectrum of $^{83}$Kr$^m$
Creators: name: Robertson, R. G. Hamish
name: Venkatapathy, Vedantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isotope $^{83}$Kr$^m$, a 1.8-hr isomer of stable $^{83}$Kr, has become a standard for the calibration of tritium beta decay experiments to determine neutrino mass. It is also widely used as a low-energy electron source for the calibration of dark-matter experiments. The nominally monoenergetic internal conversion lines are accompanied by shakeup and shakeoff satellites that modify the line shape. We draw on theoretical and experimental information to derive a quantitative description of the satellite spectrum of the K-conversion line.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. v2 corrects a computing problem with the 3p line. v3 final, refs updated
Using concentration-discharge relationships to identify influences on surface and subsurface water chemistry along a watershed urbanization gradient
Creators: name: Balerna, Jessica A.
name: Melone, Jacob C.
name: Knee, Karen
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences

description: Urban development within watersheds impacts the hydrology and water quality of streams, but changes to groundwater-surface water interactions in this “urban stream syndrome” are not yet well understood. This study focused on three stream systems in a northern Virginia (USA) protected area with 14.2, 31.7, and 66.1% developed land in their watersheds. Surface water was sampled weekly for nutrients, dissolved metals, sulfate, ancillary water quality parameters, and discharge over two non-consecutive years with the hyporheic zone sampled during the second year. Concentration-discharge relationships revealed largely chemostatic behavior in surface water solutes in the least urbanized stream, while in the two more urbanized streams, these relationships tended to have significant positive and negative slopes, indicating diverse delivery pathways depending on the constituent. In the least urbanized stream, linear regressions between discharge and solute concentrations in hyporheic water had exclusively negative slopes, indicating source-limited delivery, while the other two urbanized streams maintained largely chemostatic behavior. Average specific conductance and nitrate + nitrite concentrations in stream surface water reflected an urbanization gradient, while sulfate, Ca, K and Sr concentrations suggested a threshold effect: the stream with a mostly forested watershed had the lowest concentrations, while the other two were higher and similar. Specific conductance indicated salinization of both surface and groundwater at the two more urban streams, possibly threatening aquatic organisms. Metal concentrations in surface and subsurface water were often positively correlated with specific conductance and negatively correlated with pH, suggesting that they may originate from road salt and/or be mobilized by acid precipitation. These results indicate the importance of monitoring both baseflow and stormflow as pathways for pollution.
System and Energy Dependence of Strangeness Production with STAR
Creators: name: Salur, Sevil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The yields and spectra of strange hadrons have each been measured by STAR as a function of centrality in $\rm \sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 200 GeV AuAu collisions. By comparison to measurements in pp and dAu at $\rm \sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV and in AuAu at $\rm \sqrt{s_{NN}}=62$ GeV the dependence on system size and energy is studied. Short-lived resonances, such as $Σ(1385)$ and $Λ(1520)$, that may decay and regenerate in the medium, are used to examine the dynamical evolution between production and freeze-out for these systems. Particle production is investigated by comparison to thermal models, which assume a simple scaling of the yield with $\rm N_{part}$, in order to calculate the strangeness enhancement. Our hyperon measurements in AuAu indicate that $\rm N_{bin}$ may be a more appropriate scale for the strangeness correlation volume. In this case canonical suppression can not be simply parameterized with the geometrical overlap volume but will depend on the individual quark content of each particle. This theory is tested by comparing the data from different collision systems and centralities.
description: Quark Matter 2005 Talk. Talk ppt file with further supporting plots can be found in http://qm2005.kfki.hu/talk2_select.pshtml?sel=106
title: Pharmacogenomics of non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug-induced gastrointestinal complications
Creators: name: Esume, CO
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Over 30 million people worldwide use aspirin and other non-aspirin non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) on a daily basis. It is estimated that over 25% of patients treated for arthritis with NSAIDs have experienced gastrointestinal (GI) complications that required hospital admission and 60% of deaths from adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are attributable to NSAID use. Significant non-genetic risk factors for the development of NSAID-related gastrointestinal complications include gender, H. pylori infection, and concomitant medications. Three genes (UGT1A6, PAI-1 and EYA1) with biological plausibility for roles in NSAID-related ulcers were analysed. Our analysis of genetic risk factors for NSAID-related GI complications in 1197 case-control subjects showed no association between a UGT1A6 polymorphism and NSAIDinduced GI toxicity (p=0.052). Furthermore, a meta-analysis of UGT1A6 studies confirmed that there was no association between NSAID-related GI complications and UGT1A6. The PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism was also not associated with NSAID-related ulcers and bleeding (n=756), while the EYA1 rs12678747 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was significantly (p<0.05, OR 1.52; 95% CI 1.21, 1.91) associated with binary ulcer status. In healthy volunteers, EYA1 gene expression in gastric biopsies was not related to the carriage of this SNP; this contrasts with the difference observed in patients with ulceration suggesting that there may be a SNP-disease interaction, which needs further study. EYA1 was found to be expressed in atypical gastrin secreting (AGS) cells, but the relative expression was significantly (p<0.05) lower than in healthy human gastric epithelial cells and in renal cortical epithelial cells. Functional assays performed to explore the mechanism of NSAID-related gastric cell death and validate a plausible role for EYA1 in this process showed that there are multiple cell death pathways occurring concurrently in this cell model depending on the concentration of aspirin. At lower concentrations (10-20mM), PARP cleavage was observed suggestive of an apoptotic process, while at 50mM, necrotic cell death was the predominant mode of cell death. There was a significant (p<0.05) concentration-dependent decrease in the caspase 3 and 7 activity in AGS cells despite a significant (p<0.05) fall in the viability of the cells compared to the controls, suggesting that there is a role for non-caspase dependent mechanisms in the cell death. In summary, the thesis has focused on the clinical, molecular and functional aspects of peptic ulceration caused by NSAIDs (including aspirin). A novel pathway involving EYA1 has been investigated; this needs further work to define the exact mechanisms by which EYA1 leads to cell death and gastrointestinal injury in patients taking NSAIDs (including aspirin).
title: Circulating microRNAs in Osteoporosis
Creators: name: Mandourah, AY
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: Osteoporosis is the most common age-related bone disease. It is clinically symptomless until the first fracture happens and once diagnosed it is often found to be associated with low bone mineral density (LBMD) of T-Score ≤ -2.5. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been used successfully as promising biomarkers to diagnose and assess the progression of complex diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, as well as the effectiveness of treatment. This research aims to identify circulatory miRNAs associated with the progression of osteoporosis in a test group of patients using advanced PCR arrays initially and the identified differentially-expressed miRNAs were validated in individual clinical specimens using RT-qPCR. The potential target genes were analyzed using bioinformatics tools. Ethical approval was obtained prior to patient recruitment. A total of 161 participants were recruited and assigned to five groups: Non-Osteoporosis control group (T-Score ≥-1), osteopenia (T-Score -2.5 SD), osteopenia with fracture (T-Score -2.5 SD), osteoporosis (T-Score ≤ -2.5 SD) and osteoporosis with fracture (T-Score ≤ -2.5 SD). RNAs were extracted and analyzed from all serum and plasma samples. A panel of 49 differentially expressed miRNAs (up or down by >3 fold) between osteopenia and osteoporosis patient groups was identified using a miRNA PCR Array. Six miRNAs: miR-215-5p, miR-99a-5p, miR-100, miR-373-5p, miR-4516 and miR-122-5P, were significantly differentially-expressed between osteoporosis and osteopenia patients by initial RT-qPCR screening. Further analysis showed that the levels of circulating miRNAs: hsa-miR-373-5p, hsa-miR-122-5p and hsa-miR-215-5p and plasma hsa-4516 were associated with fragility fracture, and correlated with low bone mineral density. The results suggest that these miRNAs could be potential diagnostic biomarkers for osteoporosis in the future. Potential target genes of these miRNAs were also analyzed using bioinformatics tools. The project demonstrated that circulating miRNAs can be purified from serum and plasma and could be developed as critical diagnostic tools for osteoporosis.
Identification of non-Fermi liquid fermionic self-energy from quantum Monte Carlo data
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao Yan
name: Klein, Avraham
name: Sun, Kai
name: Chubukov, Andrey V.
name: Meng, Zi Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations of correlated electron systems provide unbiased information about system behavior at a quantum critical point (QCP) and can verify or disprove the existing theories of non-Fermi liquid (NFL) behavior at a QCP. However, simulations are carried out at a finite temperature, where quantum-critical features are masked by finite temperature effects. Here we present a theoretical framework within which it is possible to separate thermal and quantum effects and extract the information about NFL physics at $T=0$. We demonstrate our method for a specific example of 2D fermions near a Ising-ferromagnetic QCP. We show that one can extract from QMC data the zero-temperature form of fermionic self-energy $Σ(ω)$ even though the leading contribution to the self-energy comes from thermal effects. We find that the frequency dependence of $Σ(ω)$ agrees well with the analytic form obtained within the Eliashberg theory of dynamical quantum criticality, and obeys $ω^{2/3}$ scaling at low frequencies. Our results open up an avenue for QMC studies of quantum-critical metals.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
A model for the coupled eruption of a pseudostreamer and helmet streamer
Creators: name: Wyper, Peter F.
name: Antiochos, Spiro K.
name: DeVore, C. Richard
name: Lynch, Benjamin J.
name: Karpen, Judy T.
name: Kumar, Pankaj
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A highly important aspect of solar activity is the coupling between eruptions and the surrounding coronal magnetic field topology, which determines the trajectory and morphology of the event and can even lead to sympathetic eruptions from multiple sources. In this paper, we report on a numerical simulation of a new type of coupled eruption, in which a coronal jet initiated by a large pseudostreamer filament eruption triggers a streamer-blowout coronal mass ejection (CME) from the neighboring helmet streamer. Our configuration has a large opposite-polarity region positioned between the polar coronal hole and a small equatorial coronal hole, forming a pseudostreamer flanked by the coronal holes and the helmet streamer. Further out, the pseudostreamer stalk takes the shape of an extended arc in the heliosphere. We energize the system by applying photospheric shear along a section of the polarity inversion line within the pseudostreamer. The resulting sheared-arcade filament channel develops a flux rope that eventually erupts as a classic coronal-hole-type jet. However, the enhanced breakout reconnection above the channel as the jet is launched progresses into the neighboring helmet streamer, partially launching the jet along closed helmet streamer field lines and blowing out the streamer top to produce a classic bubble-like CME. This CME is strongly deflected from the jet's initial trajectory and contains a mixture of open and closed magnetic field lines. We present the detailed dynamics of this new type of coupled eruption, its underlying mechanisms, and the implications of this work for the interpretation of in situ and remote-sensing observations.
LOW-INPUT, SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE: ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF INCREASED ALFALFA PRODUCTION IN THE EASTERN CORN BELT
Creators: name: Foltz, John C.
name: Martin, Marshall A.
name: Foltz, John C.
name: Martin, Marshall A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Inclusion of alfalfa in crop rotations on Eastern Corn Belt farms with high and low productivity soils was analyzed with a mathematical programming model. Net incomes were larger with the government program but inclusion of alfalfa in the rotation reduced nitrogen fertilizer and herbicide use, potentially reducing environmental degradation.
title: Decentralisation as a form of corporatism : the case of Nord-Pas-de-Calais
Creators: name: Budd, Leslie
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: The world economy appears to have undergone profound changes since the end of the Second World War. Its regulatory nature has changed from being primarily national to become international. The "Golden Age", from the late 1940s to early 1970s, was based on a regime of accumulation and accompanying mode of regulation, commonly known as Fordism. At the heart of the mode of regulation in most European economies was the concept of corporatism, whereby economic and social interests were incorporated into some policy arena with the state. The stability conditions of Fordism, as a regime of accumulation, began to break down in the late 1960s. The national basis of economic regulation was weakened and the legitimacy of major components of the mode of regulation, like corporatism, undermined.

The ensuing changes in the world economy have been described as being part of the "new international division of labour". Essentially, technological changes offered the possibility production occurring around the globe without the constraints of time and space. The international economy took on the appearance of being global-local or international-regional. Consequently regions and localities attempted to develop a relative autonomy from the central state in making themselves attractive as sites across which international economic transactions would flow. In order to negotiate this autonomy and these transactions, local and regional interests are incorporating themselves into some policy arrangements with the local/regional state. Despite the demise of corporatism at a national level, it re-appears at a decentralised or devolved level as part of a mode or modes of regulation consistent with the new circumstances. What this research examines is the relationship between the decentralisation of state functions stemming from the decentralisation of production and corporatism. France and one of its largest regions was chosen to study because they represent an unpromising case because of the historical antipathy to corporatism. What is argued is that the historical lineage of corporatism is stronger than conventionally thought. Furthermore, the nature of neo-liberalism in France leads logically to corporatism. In the circumstances of the "new international division of labour" and the formal decentralisation of state powers and means of financing them in France, since 1982, regional interest groups have organised within a concerted framework with the recently empowered local/regional state. Therefore, the logic of these circumstances leads to the argument that decentralisation is a form of corporatism.