cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Time evolution of broadband non-thermal emission from supernova remnants in different circumstellar environments
Creators: name: Yasuda, Haruo
name: Lee, Shiu-Hang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants (SNRs) are thought to be one of the major acceleration sites of galactic cosmic rays (CRs) and an important class of objects for high-energy astrophysics. SNRs produce multi-wavelength, non-thermal emission via accelerated particles at collisionless shocks generated by the interactions between the SN ejecta and the circumstellar medium (CSM). Although it is expected that the rich diversities observed in supernovae (SNe) and their CSM can result in distinct very-high-energy (VHE) electromagnetic signals in the SNR phase, there are only a handful of SNRs observed in both GeV and TeV gamma-rays so far. A systematic understanding of particle acceleration at SNRs in different ambient environments is therefore limited. Here, we explore non-thermal emission from SNRs in various circumstellar environments up to 5000 yrs from explosion using hydrodynamical simulations coupled with efficient particle acceleration. We find that time-evolution of emission characteristics in the VHE regime is mainly dictated by two factors; the number density of the target particles and the amplified magnetic field in the shocked medium. We also predict that Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will have a sufficient sensitivity to detect VHE gamma-rays from most young SNRs at distances
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in the ApJ
L’approche des manuels scolaires : comprendre, créer, utiliser, discuter, évaluer
Creators: name: GRIGOROVITCH, ALYONA
Publisher: name: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair
Year: 2016
Subjects: Textbooks, evaluation, teacher, student, educational policy

description: In this article is considered the textbook as a book, a document and a product. The analysis focuses on the role of users as teachers and students, but also to the role of values, school programs, cultures and policies of different countries.
description: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair, Vol. 3, N. 1 (2016)
Additional file 1 of Engineering 2D Cu-composed metal–organic framework nanosheets for augmented nanocatalytic tumor therapy
Creators: name: Zhuang, Shangwen
name: Xiang, Huijing
name: Chen, Yixin
name: Wang, Lulu
name: Chen, Yu
name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Cell viability of 4T1 and normal endothelial cells after incubated with various concentrations of PEG/Cu-BDC for 24 h, respectively. Figures S2. The GO enriched pathways ranked top ten in terms of credibility in biological process. (P-value < 0.05). Figures S3. The GO descending pathways ranked top ten in terms of credibility in biological process. (P-value < 0.05). Figures S4. Illustration of ferroptosis signaling pathway. The red blocks represent up-regulated genes. Figure S5. Routine blood parameters and serum biochemical indexes of female Kunming mice after intravenous injection with 10 or 20 mg kg−1 of PEG/Cu-BDC at the 0, 3rd, 7th, 15th, and 30th day, respectively (red and yellow for 10 mg kg−1, blue and green for 20 mg kg−1). Figure S6. H&E staining images of major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) from female Kunming mice after injection with 10 mg kg−1 of PEG/Cu-BDC at the 0, 3rd, 7th, 15th, and 30th day (Scale bar: 100 μm). Figure S7. H&E staining of major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney) from female Kunming mice after intravenous injection with 20 mg kg−1 of PEG/Cu-BDC at the 0, 3rd, 7th, 15th, and 30th day (Scale bar: 100 μm). Figure S8. Quantitative analysis of Ki-67 and apoptosis-positive tumor cells of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice in different treatment groups. Figure S9. Quantitative analysis of Ki-67 and apoptosis-positive tumor cells of MDA-MB-231 tumor-bearing mice in different treatment groups.
Estimating the Q-matrix for Cognitive Diagnosis Models in a Bayesian Framework
Creators: Chung, Meng-ta
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Psychometrics
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Educational tests and measurements

description: This research aims to develop an MCMC algorithm for estimating the Q-matrix in a Bayesian framework. A saturated multinomial model was used to estimate correlated attributes in the DINA model and rRUM. Closed-forms of posteriors for guess and slip parameters were derived for the DINA model. The random walk Metropolis-Hastings algorithm was applied to parameter estimation in the rRUM. An algorithm for reducing potential label switching was incorporated into the estimation procedure. A method for simulating data with correlated attributes for the DINA model and rRUM was offered.
              Three simulation studies were conducted to evaluate the algorithm for Bayesian estimation. Twenty simulated data sets for simulation study 1 were generated from independent attributes for the DINA model and rRUM. A hundred data sets from correlated attributes were generated for the DINA and rRUM with guess and slip parameters set to 0.2 in simulation study 2. Simulation study 3 analyzed data sets simulated from the DINA model with guess and slip parameters generated from Uniform (0.1, 0.4). Results from simulation studies showed that the Q-matrix recovery rate was satisfactory. Using the fraction-subtraction data, an empirical study was conducted for the DINA model and rRUM. The estimated Q-matrices from the two models were compared with the expert-designed Q-matrix.
Estimating the Cost-Effectiveness of a National Program that Impacts High School Graduation and Postsecondary Enrollment
Creators: Bowden, Alyshia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Education and state
School management and organization

description: This dissertation was designed to provide an example of an application of the ingredients method of cost-effectiveness analysis of Talent Search, a nation-wide federally-funded program that targets low-income students who promise to be the first generation in their families to attend college. The program serves students in grades 6 to 12 to increase the rates of high school graduation and postsecondary enrollment. Because Talent Search is a multi-site and a multi-output program, the analyses allowed for the exploration of two complexities in conducting cost-effectiveness analyses: site-level variation within a program and combining multiple outcomes to evaluate a program's efficiency.
      My results show that variation in costs, cost-effectiveness ratios, and benefit-cost ratios was wide across sites. This suggests that future work should include site-level analyses to provide a range for a program's costs and cost-effectiveness and to provide policy relevant site-level examples of the resources utilized to implement a program. Because the outcomes of Talent Search have monetary values in the labor market, I combined the program's impacts on high school completion and postsecondary enrollment to estimate the additional income generated by the program. These findings suggest that the benefits of Talent Search outweigh the costs on average. However, the variability I find across sites illustrates that more investigation and development is needed to improve the productivity of the program and to reduce inequities across sites.
      Four important contributions were made with this work: it provides an in depth example of applying the ingredients method to a complex program, it suggests that future work should include site-level analyses, it indicates that retrospective work is limited and future work should be devoted to incorporating the ingredients method contemporaneously into impact evaluations, and it informs policymakers about the cost-effectiveness of Talent Search and the ways in which cost-effectiveness varies across sites.
Polar Varieties and Efficient Real Elimination
Creators: name: Bank, B.
name: Giusti, M.
name: Heintz, J.
name: Mbakop, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14P05, 14B05, 68W30

description: Let $S_0$ be a smooth and compact real variety given by a reduced regular sequence of polynomials $f_1, ..., f_p$. This paper is devoted to the algorithmic problem of finding {\em efficiently} a representative point for each connected component of $S_0$ . For this purpose we exhibit explicit polynomial equations that describe the generic polar varieties of $S_0$. This leads to a procedure which solves our algorithmic problem in time that is polynomial in the (extrinsic) description length of the input equations $f_1, >..., f_p$ and in a suitably introduced, intrinsic geometric parameter, called the {\em degree} of the real interpretation of the given equation system $f_1, >..., f_p$.
description: 32 pages
Additional file 2: of Prominent positioning and food swaps are effective interventions to reduce the saturated fat content of the shopping basket in an experimental online supermarket: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Koutoukidis, Dimitrios
name: Jebb, Susan
name: JosĂŠ OrdĂłĂąez-Mena
name: Noreik, Michaela
name: Tsiountsioura, Melina
name: Kennedy, Sarah
name: Payne-Riches, Sarah
name: Aveyard, Paul
name: Piernas, Carmen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary figures and tables (Description of data: Examples of the interventions and additional analysis). (PDF 78 kb)
Un modèle précurseur sur la lumière pour les élèves de 10 à 11 ans : cadres théoriques et méthodologiques
Creators: name: ARNANTONAKI, DANAE
Publisher: name: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair
Year: 2016
Subjects: Precursor model, socio cognitive approach, primary education, light, shadow

description: This paper concerns a study about a precursor model on Light and Its Interactions with Transparent or Opaque Objects for 10- 11 year old students. The characteristics of this precursor model are transformed into goals from the activities of the concept of the precursor model. Conducting five sessions with 32 pupils of a terminal class of a public primary school in France, we have tried to (a) drive pupils’ thought to the scientific model by using the precursor model and (b) observe if the pupils adopt the appropriate language for light’s phenomenon .Finally a particular attention is given to the communication between the teacher and the kids for noticing if the teacher can adopt his teaching methods to the ones that we propose.
description: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair, Vol. 3, N. 1 (2016)
Integrable discretizations of the spin Ruijsenaars-Schneider models
Creators: name: Ragnisco, O.
name: Suris, Yu. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrable discretizations are introduced for the rational and hyperbolic spin Ruijsenaars--Schneider models. These discrete dynamical systems are demonstrated to belong to the same integrable hierarchies as their continuous--time counterparts. Explicit solutions are obtained for arbitrary flows of the hierarchies, including the discrete time ones.
description: LaTeX file
Neural Graph Collaborative Filtering
Creators: name: Wang, Xiang
name: He, Xiangnan
name: Wang, Meng
name: Feng, Fuli
name: Chua, Tat-Seng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning vector representations (aka. embeddings) of users and items lies at the core of modern recommender systems. Ranging from early matrix factorization to recently emerged deep learning based methods, existing efforts typically obtain a user's (or an item's) embedding by mapping from pre-existing features that describe the user (or the item), such as ID and attributes. We argue that an inherent drawback of such methods is that, the collaborative signal, which is latent in user-item interactions, is not encoded in the embedding process. As such, the resultant embeddings may not be sufficient to capture the collaborative filtering effect. In this work, we propose to integrate the user-item interactions -- more specifically the bipartite graph structure -- into the embedding process. We develop a new recommendation framework Neural Graph Collaborative Filtering (NGCF), which exploits the user-item graph structure by propagating embeddings on it. This leads to the expressive modeling of high-order connectivity in user-item graph, effectively injecting the collaborative signal into the embedding process in an explicit manner. We conduct extensive experiments on three public benchmarks, demonstrating significant improvements over several state-of-the-art models like HOP-Rec and Collaborative Memory Network. Further analysis verifies the importance of embedding propagation for learning better user and item representations, justifying the rationality and effectiveness of NGCF. Codes are available at https://github.com/xiangwang1223/neural_graph_collaborative_filtering.
description: SIGIR 2019; the latest version of NGCF paper, which is distinct from the version published in ACM Digital Library
Rapports des médiateurs à la médiation scientifique dans un contexte de partenariat école-université
Creators: name: SEFER, SORAYA
name: DELSERIEYS, ALICE
name: SAÏD, FATMA
Publisher: name: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair
Year: 2016
Subjects: Motivation, scientific career, school-university partnership, professional identity

description: The development of cooperation between different actors in and outside the school is often recommended to allow students access to a richer scientific culture. More specifically, closer cooperation between educational institutions in order to make scientific careers more attractive. It is in this context that we are interested in science workshops for students 10 to 17 year that demonstrate what it looks like the work of a researcher. Specifically, we look at how the mediators involved in these workshops see their role as scientific promoter based on their own professional and personal development.
description: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair, Vol. 3, N. 2 (2016) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée, Marseille 2016
Déséquilibre entre contrat et milieu didactiques. Cas de l’enseignement des signaux mécaniques en classe terminale
Creators: name: MAHJOUB, AFIFA
name: BEN KILANI, CHIRAZ
Publisher: name: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair
Year: 2016
Subjects: Teaching physics, the joint action theory in didactics, contract, mechanical signal

description: The purpose of this article is to understand the reasons for the inertia of the traditional didactic contract that produces, in secondary school, a teaching of physics sciences based on a qualified inductive approach seeking especially the restitution by students with factual knowledge. The analysis of a physics lesson in scientific graduating class about the propagation of a mechanical signal mobilizes tools of the theory of joint action in didactics. It appears, thereby, that the lesson progresses through a series of effects of contract that oblige the teacher to reveal to the pupils the knowledge which she wished to be apprehended by themselves.
description: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair, Vol. 3, N. 2 (2016) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée, Marseille 2016
title: RAGAR, your falsehood RADAR : RAG-augmented reasoning for political fact-checking using multimodal large language models
Creators: name: Abdul Khaliq, Mohammed
Publisher: name: Universität Stuttgart
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 004
subject: 400

description: The escalating challenge of misinformation, particularly in the context of political discourse, necessitates advanced solutions for fact-checking. This thesis introduces innovative approaches to enhance the reliability and efficiency of multimodal fact-checking through the integration of large language models (LLMs) with Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) based advanced reasoning techniques. In the digital era, where misinformation spreads rapidly across various media, including text and images, there's a critical need for robust mechanisms capable of evaluating the veracity of political claims. This work proposes two novel methodologies, Chain of RAG (CoRAG) and Tree of RAG (ToRAG), and their hybrid implementations incorporating Chain of Thought and Chain of Verification. These approaches leverage RAG techniques utilizing multimodal LLMs with reasoning techniques. The approaches are designed to process and assess political claims by considering textual and visual information, providing a comprehensive approach to fact-checking. This thesis explores the implementation of these approaches within a multimodal fact-checking pipeline, highlighting their effectiveness in improving the accuracy of veracity predictions and the generation of explanations. By employing multimodal LLMs adept at analyzing text and images, this research advances the capability of automated systems in identifying and countering misinformation. The experimental evaluation demonstrates that the proposed RAG-augmented Reasoning (RAGAR) techniques outperform existing methods that rely on sub-question generation, offering a promising solution to the challenges of political fact-checking. This thesis contributes to the fields of computational linguistics and political science by providing an effective approach to combat fake news, thereby enhancing the integrity of political discourse in the digital age.
title: Carduus acanthoides
title: Weg-Distel (Carduus acanthoides)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Stachel-Distel
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 8 Bilder der Weg-Distel.
A NEW METHOD FOR THE DETECTION AND QUANTIFICATION OF DEEP-OCEAN METHANE HYDRATES USING SEISMICS
Creators: name: Wojtowitz, Gabrielle
name: Zervos, Antonis
name: Clayton, Chris R.I.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Methane gas hydrates have attracted significant international interest as a potential future energy resource, but also as a geotechnical hazard for offshore operations related to hydrocarbon recovery. In this context, the abilities to detect the presence of hydrate in marine sediments and to quantify the amount of hydrate contained therein, have become increasingly important over the years. Detection and quantification of hydrates are done on the basis of seismic surveys, which measure indirectly the bulk dynamic properties of large volumes of sediment in situ. Seismic data are then interpreted using an effective medium model, which employs theoretical assumptions to relate wave velocities to gas hydrate content of the sediment. Wave velocity can then be used to infer hydrate concentration levels. A host of such effective medium models exists in the literature. Many of these models have been calibrated on and tested on specific sites, and are not readily transferable to other settings. In addition, many models ignore the existence of heterogeneities of the host sediment, or the inhomogeneous distribution of hydrate within it. These, however, are factors that may have a significant impact on the seismic signature of the sediment-hydrate system, and thus on the predicted quantity of hydrate. This paper presents a review of existing effective medium models and identifies general areas for improvement. A new numerical modelling method is outlined that enhances existing effective medium approaches, by taking explicitly into account different hydrate morphologies within the host sediment.
Ground state determination and band gaps of bilayers of graphenylenes and octafunctionalized-biphenylenes
Creators: name: Junkermeier, Chad E.
name: Paupitz, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Device fabrication often requires materials that are either reliably conducting, reliably semiconducting, or reliably nonconducting. Bilayer graphene (BLG) changes from a superconductor to a semiconductor depending on it's stacking, but because it is difficult to control its stacking, it is not a reliable material for device fabrication. Using DFTB+, this work demonstrates that bilayers of graphenylene, net-C, and net-W can be reliably used for device fabrication without knowing the details of their stackings. Bilayers of graphenylene and net-C are semiconducting for all sheer displacements, net-W is conducting for all sheer displacements, while that Type II, like BLG, is conducting or semiconducting depending on the sheer displacement. The method used gives bond lengths, unit cell dimensions, and band dispersion of single-layer graphene that are consistent with previously reported values, it correctly predicts that AB stacking is the ground state of BLG and gives an interlayer separation that is consistent with previous studies. The bond lengths and lattice constants of the other carbon allotropes are consistent with previously published values. \textcolor{blue}{In order to calculate the band structures the bilayer systems,} DFTB+ was first used to determined the interlayer separations of the 2-D carbon allotropes under shear displacement.
description: Accepted for publication in Computational Materials Science
title: Cirsium tuberosus
title: Knollige Kratzdistel (Cirsium tuberosus)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Knollen-Distel
subject: Carduus tuberosus
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 6 Bilder der Knolligen Kratzdistel.
Additional file 12 of Characteristics of plastid genomes in the genus Ceratostigma inhabiting arid habitats in China and their phylogenomic implications
Creators: name: Zhao, Yu-Juan
name: Liu, Jian
name: Yin, Gen-Shen
name: Gong, Xun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 12
title: Silybum marianum
title: Gewöhnliche Mariendistel (Silybum marianum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 1 Bild der Gewöhnlichen Mariendistel.
Knotted Proteins: Tie Etiquette in Structural Biology
Creators: name: Nunes, Ana
name: Faísca, Patrícia FN
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: J.3
subject: 92C05

description: A small fraction of all protein structures characterized so far are entangled. The challenge of understanding the properties of these knotted proteins, and the why and the how of their natural folding process, has been taken up in the past decade with different approaches, such as structural characterization, in vitro experiments, and simulations of protein models with varying levels of complexity. The simplest among these are the lattice Gō models, which belong to the class of structure-based models, i.e., models that are biased to the native structure by explicitly including structural data. In this review we highlight the contributions to the field made in the scope of lattice Gō models, putting them into perspective in the context of the main experimental and theoretical results and of other, more realistic, computational approaches.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication
MOESM1 of Exploration of interaction scoring criteria in the CANDO platform
Creators: name: Falls, Zackary
name: Mangione, William
name: Schuler, James
name: Samudrala, Ram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1. This file contains a detailed description of methods and additional results.
Probability for synthesis of superheavy nuclei with Z=121
Creators: name: Zargini, R.
name: Seyyedi, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study the empirical method \cite{RN464} is used for calculating the evaporation residue (ER) cross section in the synthesis of superheavy nuclei (SHN). The superheavy nuclei examined in this work fall within the range $Z=112-118$. The theoretical calculations show good agreement with the experimental data. Furthermore, this model, along with an investigation of the optimal incident energy (OIE), is used to calculate the ER cross section for a hypothetical heavy system with $Z=121$. Five promising combinations are suggested for synthesis of SHN with $Z=121$: (1) ${^{50}}\mathrm{Ti}+{^{252}}\mathrm{Es}$, with the maximum ER cross section $σ_{3n}=24.5~\mathrm{fb}$, at the optimal incident energy, $\mathrm{OIE}=230~\mathrm{MeV}$; (2) ${^{50}}\mathrm{Ti}+{^{254}}\mathrm{Es}$, with the maximum ER cross section $σ_{3n}=11.8~\mathrm{fb}$, at the optimal incident energy, $\mathrm{OIE}=229~\mathrm{MeV}$; (3) ${^{51}}\mathrm{V}+{^{251}}\mathrm{Cf}$, with the maximum ER cross section $σ_{3n}=1.2~\mathrm{fb}$, at the optimal incident energy, $\mathrm{OIE}=238~\mathrm{MeV}$; (4) ${^{51}}\mathrm{V}+{^{249}}\mathrm{Cf}$, with the maximum ER cross section $σ_{3n}=1.0~\mathrm{fb}$, at the optimal incident energy, $\mathrm{OIE}=238~\mathrm{MeV}$; and (5) ${^{54}}\mathrm{Cr}+{^{247}}\mathrm{Bk}$, with the maximum ER cross section $σ_{2n}=0.9~\mathrm{fb}$, at the optimal incident energy, $\mathrm{OIE}=243~\mathrm{MeV}$.
title: Carduus nutans
title: Nickende Distel (Carduus nutans)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 14 Bilder der Nickenden Distel.
title: Optimierung der Klassifikation von Figurenauf- und -abtritten in Dramentexten mittels Prompt Engineering
Creators: name: Ehlers, Lena
Publisher: name: Universität Stuttgart
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 004
subject: 400

description: Mit der Veröffentlichung von ChatGPT im Jahr 2022 wurde ein Paradigmenwechsel in der natürlichen Sprachverarbeitung eingeleitet, der die breite Anwendung von Prompting als eine effektive Strategie zur Textklassifizierung und -analyse beinhaltet. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Methodenwechsel von einem regelbasierten Algorithmus hin zu Prompting untersucht, um Regieanweisungen deutscher Dramen in Figurenauf- und -abtritte zu klassifizieren und die dazugehörigen Figuren zu erkennen. Mittels Prompt Engineering wird herausgefunden, welche Prompt-Templates und zusätzlichen Informationen aus den Dramentexten, wie die Figurenliste oder Figurenrede, in Verbindung mit Zero-, One- und Few-Shot Prompting am effektivsten sind, um das Ziel zu erreichen, bessere Ergebnisse als der regelbasierte Algorithmus zu erzielen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das beste Prompt-Template in Verbindung mit 5-Shot Prompting einen F1-Score von 0,75 bei der Erkennung von Figurenauf- und -abtritten und 0,82 bei der Figurenerkennung erreicht. Obwohl diese Ergebnisse um 0,1 bzw. 0,05 knapp unter denen des regelbasierten Algorithmus liegen und somit das Ziel nicht vollständig erreicht wurde, bietet die Methode dennoch Vorteile gegenüber dem regelbasierten Ansatz. Sie ist universell anwendbar, flexibler und ermöglicht die Erkennung verschiedener Ereignisse neben Figurenauf- und -abtritten.
Darboux Transformations for a Lax Integrable System in $2n$-Dimensions
Creators: name: Ma, Wen-Xiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A $2n$-dimensional Lax integrable system is proposed by a set of specific spectral problems. It contains Takasaki equations, the self-dual Yang-Mills equations and its integrable hierarchy as examples. An explicit formulation of Darboux transformations is established for this Lax integrable system. The Vandermonde and generalized Cauchy determinant formulas lead to a description for deriving explicit solutions and thus some rational and analytic solutions are obtained.
description: Latex, 14 pages, to be published in Lett. Math. Phys
title: A Situational Approach to Stalking Perpetration, Victimisation and Psychological Reactions to Stalking
Creators: name: Cheyne, Nicola
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Stalking
subject: Victimisation

description: While research on stalking has steadily expanded since 1990, there is still no conceptual model that explains stalking perpetration, stalking victimisation, and psychological reactions to stalking, such as fear, invasion of personal space and invasion of privacy. The aim of the thesis was to determine whether a situational model of stalking could assist an understanding of perpetration, victimisation and actual or anticipated psychological reactions to stalking. Whereas other theoretical approaches applied to stalking focus only on the offender, the situational approach focuses on physical and social environments that provide more opportunities for crimes to occur between particular victims and offenders. Applying the situational approach to stalking potentially allows for a greater understanding of how stalking occurs and whether environmental changes can be made to reduce criminal opportunities and deter criminal actions. The important components of the physical and social environments incorporated into the situational model of stalking tested in the thesis were stalkers and victims, their interpersonal relationships, the stalking actions engaged in by stalkers, the times and locations of stalking, and a lack of capable guardianship to stop the stalking from occurring. In the model it was proposed that particular stalkers engaged in actions against victims when certain locations and times provided opportunities to stalk, such as the absence of people who might intervene. As stalking also involves the psychological reactions of the victim, the associations between these situational elements and fear, invasion of personal space and invasion of privacy were included in the situational model of stalking.
Additional file 1: of How is the discourse of performance-based financing shaped at the global level? A poststructural analysis
Creators: name: Gautier, Lara
name: Allegri, Manuela
name: Ridde, Valéry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Interview guide. (DOCX 160 kb)
Adversarial Balancing-based Representation Learning for Causal Effect Inference with Observational Data
Creators: name: Du, Xin
name: Sun, Lei
name: Duivesteijn, Wouter
name: Nikolaev, Alexander
name: Pechenizkiy, Mykola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning causal effects from observational data greatly benefits a variety of domains such as health care, education and sociology. For instance, one could estimate the impact of a new drug on specific individuals to assist the clinic plan and improve the survival rate. In this paper, we focus on studying the problem of estimating Conditional Average Treatment Effect (CATE) from observational data. The challenges for this problem are two-fold: on the one hand, we have to derive a causal estimator to estimate the causal quantity from observational data, where there exists confounding bias; on the other hand, we have to deal with the identification of CATE when the distribution of covariates in treatment and control groups are imbalanced. To overcome these challenges, we propose a neural network framework called Adversarial Balancing-based representation learning for Causal Effect Inference (ABCEI), based on the recent advances in representation learning. To ensure the identification of CATE, ABCEI uses adversarial learning to balance the distributions of covariates in treatment and control groups in the latent representation space, without any assumption on the form of the treatment selection/assignment function. In addition, during the representation learning and balancing process, highly predictive information from the original covariate space might be lost. ABCEI can tackle this information loss problem by preserving useful information for predicting causal effects under the regularization of a mutual information estimator. The experimental results show that ABCEI is robust against treatment selection bias, and matches/outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches. Our experiments show promising results on several datasets, representing different health care domains among others.
title: Carduus defloratus
title: Berg-Distel (Carduus defloratus)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 10 Bilder der Berg-Distel.
title: eSPARQL : design and implementation of a query language for epistemic queries on knowledge graphs
Creators: name: Pan, Xinyi
Publisher: name: Universität Stuttgart
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 004

description: In recent years, large-scale knowledge graphs have emerged, integrating data from various sources. Often, this data includes assertions about other assertions, establishing contexts in which these assertions hold. A recent enhancement to RDF, known as RDF-star, allows for statements about statements and is currently under consideration as a W3C standard. However, RDF-star lacks a defined semantics for such statements and lacks intrinsic mechanisms to operate on them. This thesis describes and implements a novel query language, termed eSPARQL, tailored for epistemic RDF-star metadata and grounded in four-valued logic. Our language builds on SPARQL-star, the query language for RDF-star, by incorporating an expanded FROM clause, called FROM BELIEF, designed to manage multiple, and occasionally conflicting, beliefs. eSPARQL’s capabilities are demonstrated through four example queries, showcasing its ability to (i) retrieve individual beliefs, (ii) aggregate beliefs, (iii) identify conflicts between individuals, and (iv) handle nested beliefs (beliefs about beliefs). The implementation of eSPARQL developed in this thesis is built on top of an existing SPARQL-star query engine. In this implementation, the execution process of a eSPARQL consists of two phases. First, the expression in the FROM BELIEF clause, called belief query, is translated into a SPARQL-star CONSTRUCT query that generates an intermediary graph, containing the beliefs of the subjects described in the belief query. In the second phase, This intermediary graph is then processed with the graph pattern of the eSPARQL by translating it to a graph pattern that can be processed by a standard SPARQ-star engine. In this last phase, the implementation translates eSPARQL operations to SPARQL-star, and checks if the pattern contains nested eSPARQL queries to be processed recursively. We study two research questions: (RQ1) Does the eSPARQL implementation scale? and (RQ2) How the eSPARQL implementation execution times compare with the execution time of manually written SPARQL-star queries? To answer these research questions, use the four example eSPARQL queries that showcase the abilities of eSPARQL and create a synthetic dataset generator that generates graphs of multiple sizes. Additionally, for research question RQ2, we manually generate SPARQL-star queries that are equivalent to the example eSPARQL queries. Regarding research question RQ1, our results show that eSPARQL has an execution time that is proportional with the data size. Regarding research question RQ2, except for one question, the manually written SPARQL-star queries are clearly faster than our implementation. Although the implementation showed to be slower than the manually generated SPARQL-star queries, the eSPARQL queries are shorter and easier to understand. This positive aspect of eSPARQL, can motivate further studies on how to optimize the eSPARQL implementation.
Lattice Boltzmann method for simulation of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging physics in multiphase tissue models
Creators: name: Naughton, Noel M.
name: Tennyson, Caroline G.
name: Georgiadis, John G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We report an implementation of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to integrate the Bloch-Torrey equation, which describes the evolution of the transverse magnetization vector and the fate of the signal of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). Motivated by the need to interpret dMRI experiments in biological tissues, and to offset the small time-step limitation of classical LBM, a hybrid LBM scheme is introduced and implemented to solve the Bloch-Torrey equation. A membrane boundary condition is presented which is able to accurately represent the effects of thin curvilinear membranes typically found in biological tissues. As implemented, the hybrid LBM scheme accommodates piece-wise uniform transport, dMRI parameters, periodic and mirroring outer boundary conditions, and finite membrane permeabilities on non-boundary-conforming inner boundaries. By comparing with analytical solutions of limiting cases, we demonstrate that the hybrid LBM scheme is more accurate than the classical LBM scheme. The proposed explicit LBM scheme maintains second-order spatial accuracy, stability, and first-order temporal accuracy for a wide range of parameters. The parallel implementation of the hybrid LBM code in a multi-CPU computer system, as well as on GPUs, is straightforward and efficient. Along with offering certain advantages over finite element or Monte Carlo schemes, the proposed hybrid LBM constitutes a flexible scheme that can by easily adapted to model more complex interfacial conditions and physics in heterogeneous multiphase tissue models and to accommodate sophisticated dMRI sequences.
title: Modulation of leukocyte recruitment in animal models of inflammation in vivo
Creators: name: Culver, Hannah
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Allergic asthma
subject: Leukocyte
subject: Glucocorticosteroids

description: Inflammation is an important underlying cause of many chronic diseases, for example in allergic asthma. Glucocorticosteroids provide a powerful anti-inflammatory treatment but are associated with severe side effects when used at high doses for prolonged periods of time; new alternative or adjunct drugs therapies are therefore required. The recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation represents both a key feature of the inflammatory response and a principal source of inflammatory mediators to perpetuate disease. Novel drugs which inhibit leukocyte recruitment or activation may offer a basis for new anti-inflammatory treatments, while early evidence of pharmacological activity in vivo can help prioritise the selection and development of compounds. The present study employed, in controlled experiments, animal models to ascertain in vivo the action of several naturally occurring or synthetic compounds to modulate leukocyte recruitment and to measure any effect they may exert by counting the number of recruited leukocytes (neutrophils or eosinophils) in response to an inflammatory stimuli (used as an objective measure of drug action). Three series of experiments were conducted: one, in a mouse pouch model to test the reaction of differently pre-treated animals to cytokine stimulus; the second, in a guinea-pig model to assess the potentiating effect of pre-treatment to allergen challenge in sensitised animals; thirdly, in the same sensitised guinea-pig model to determine the anti-inflammatory action of a commercially available complementary therapy.
PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVING THE CIVIL LEGAL STATUS OF GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATORS IN UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: Jumambetov, Rasul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The Republic of Uzbekistan stands out for its rich natural resources, historical heritage, and traditional products. To protect the uniqueness of these products and enhance their competitiveness in international markets, the development of a geographical indications (GI) system is of great importance. The adoption of the Law «On Geographical Indications» in 2022 was a significant step in this field. However, there are still several challenges in its implementation and in achieving international recognition. This article discusses the civil legal status of GIs, their current state, and prospects for improvement.
title: Artemisia vulgaris
title: Gewöhnlicher Beifuß (Artemisia vulgaris)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 8 Bilder des Gewöhnlichen Beifußes.
Spectral statistics for quantized skew translations on the torus
Creators: name: Bäcker, Arnd
name: Haag, Grischa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q50

description: We study the spectral statistics for quantized skew translations on the torus, which are ergodic but not mixing for irrational parameters. It is shown explicitly that in this case the level--spacing distribution and other common spectral statistics, like the number variance, do not exist in the semiclassical limit.
description: 7 pages. One figure, included
Additional file 2: of Efficacy of commercially available biological agents for the topical treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review
Creators: name: Mutombo, Alex
name: Simoens, Cindy
name: Rahma Tozin
name: Bogers, Johannes
name: Geertruyden, Jean-Pierre
name: Jacquemyn, Yves
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: GRADE Table for Certainty of Evidence. (DOCX 20 kb)
Chemical Compositions of Field and Globular Cluster RR~Lyrae Stars: II. omega Centauri
Creators: name: Magurno, D.
name: Sneden, C.
name: Bono, G.
name: Braga, V. F.
name: Mateo, M.
name: Persson, S. E.
name: Preston, G.
name: Thevenin, F.
name: da Silva, R.
name: Dall'Ora, M.
name: Fabrizio, M.
name: Ferraro, I.
name: Fiorentino, G.
name: Iannicola, G.
name: Inno, L.
name: Marengo, M.
name: Marinoni, S.
name: Marrese, P. M.
name: Martinez-Vazquez, C. E.
name: Matsunaga, N.
name: Monelli, M.
name: Neeley, J. R.
name: Nonino, M.
name: Walker, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed spectroscopic analysis of RR Lyrae (RRL) variables in the globular cluster NGC 5139 (omega Cen). We collected optical (4580-5330 A), high resolution (R = 34,000), high signal-to-noise ratio (200) spectra for 113 RRLs with the multi-fiber spectrograph M2FS at the Magellan/Clay Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory. We also analysed high resolution (R = 26,000) spectra for 122 RRLs collected with FLAMES/GIRAFFE at the VLT, available in the ESO archive. The current sample doubles the literature abundances of cluster and field RRLs in the Milky Way based on high resolution spectra. Equivalent width measurements were used to estimate atmospheric parameters, iron, and abundance ratios for alpha (Mg, Ca, Ti), iron peak (Sc, Cr, Ni, Zn), and s-process (Y) elements. We confirm that omega Cen is a complex cluster, characterised by a large spread in the iron content: -2.58 < [Fe/H] < -0.85. We estimated the average cluster abundance as [Fe/H] = -1.80 +- 0.03, with sigma = 0.33 dex. Our findings also suggest that two different RRL populations coexist in the cluster. The former is more metal-poor ([Fe/H] < -1.5), with almost solar abundance of Y. The latter is less numerous, more metal-rich, and yttrium enhanced ([Y/Fe] > 0.4). This peculiar bimodal enrichment only shows up in the s-process element, and it is not observed among lighter elements, whose [X/Fe] ratios are typical for Galactic globular clusters.
MOESM3 of Distribution of acquired antibiotic resistance genes among Enterococcus spp. isolated from a hospital in Baotou, China
Creators: name: Tian, Yingjie
name: Yu, Hui
name: Wang, Zhanli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Differences in the prevalence of resistance genes between E. faecalis and E. faecium were compared using the Chi square test, with a p value < 0.05 indicating statistical significance.
Could philosophy inform biology education?
Creators: name: GASPARATOU, RENIA
name: ERGAZAKI, MARIDA
Publisher: name: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair
Year: 2016
Subjects: Concept formation, philosophy, biology education, classification of living organisms

description: This paper reports on the rationale of a study that aims at exploring whether philosophical theories of concept formation can inform biology education. Thus, we will first summarize some basic philosophical theories that try to explain how humans form concepts like ANIMAL, FISH, etc. And then, we will suggest that such theories can help us design learning environments to promote rigorous mechanisms of concept formation and facilitate young children in the classification of living organisms and the construction of a more meaningful understanding of the biological world.
description: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair, Vol. 3, N. 2 (2016) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée, Marseille 2016