cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Primordial Black Holes from Rapid Turns in Two-field Models
Creators: name: Anguelova, Lilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study rapid-turn trajectories in a class of two-field cosmological models, whose scalar manifold is the Poincaré disk. Background solutions in multi-field inflation, with field-space trajectories exhibiting sharp turns, can seed primordial black hole (PBH) formation. We investigate a class of exact solutions with hidden symmetry and show that they exhibit the kind of transient rapid-turn period, needed to induce PBH generation. Furthermore, we relax the symmetry condition and find, in a certain regime, modified solutions with improved behavior of the Hubble $η$-parameter, which preserve the desired shape of the turning rate function. Interestingly, the modified solutions describe a brief ultra-slow roll phase, followed by long-term slow roll inflation. It is notable that slow roll occurs near the center (not near the boundary) of the Poincaré disk, unlike in the standard $α$-attractor case.
description: 49 pages; minor improvements, references added
Transforming learner handover to promote self-regulated learning: Views from the postgraduate learner
Creators: name: Tran, Allen
name: Leblanc, Aaron
name: Epstein, Ian
name: Haroon, Babar
name: Lees, Caitlin
name: MacGregor, Jenna
name: Nabha Shetty
name: Ceilidh MacPhail
name: Jorin Lindensmith
name: Moses, Brian
name: McCoy, Kyle
name: Doucet, Robyn
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background

Competency-based medical education (CBME) emphasizes longitudinal assessment and coaching of learners. Learner handover (LH) is the sharing of information on a given learner’s progress between faculty supervisors and could aid in longitudinal feedback. Perspectives on learner handover by faculty supervisors and educational leaders is varied. Information regarding the learners’ perspectives on learner handover is lacking. This study aimed to obtain the perspectives of internal medicine (IM) postgraduate learners training in a CBME program on LH.



Methods

This qualitative study used constructivist grounded theory. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in a virtual format with 7 postgraduate learners in IM at a single center in Canada. Two team members conducted iterative, inductive analysis to develop codes and themes. Final themes were generated after a series of reflexive discussions with our purposefully assembled research team of faculty and learners with varied experience and perspectives within medical education.



Results

Despite participating in LH, learners did not identify the process as a known phenomenon. The identified benefits include longitudinal coaching, self-regulated learner development, and advanced knowledge of the clinical teaching unit team members’ strengths and weaknesses. The risks of biasing supervisors and learner anxiety were noted. To improve the practices of LH, learners suggested LH should be learner-centric, have minimal impact on the current assessment burden, standardized and transparent. A model to implement LH that integrates these findings with existing literature and promotes self-regulated learning is described.



Conclusion

Postgraduate learners have similar perspectives on LH as other groups within medical education. A model for LH that refocuses and leverages existing LH activity into a process for developing a self-regulated learner is created from the findings in this study and from the literature.
Hungarian Agriculture and EU Accession
Creators: name: Popp, Jozsef
name: Udovecz, Gabor
name: Popp, Jozsef
name: Udovecz, Gabor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: CAP
subject: EU-accession
subject: market developments
subject: Hungary

description: Prior to enlargement regulations and the subsidy system played an important role in stabilising, especially, the livestock sectors, producers got used to national intervention mechanism, and production became rather insensitive to market signals. This, along with other shortcomings, caused serious problems in the process of opening the domestic markets during the EU integration process. In this paper, after discussing the evolution of the Hungarian agricultural policy, we focus on the major agricultural sectors in the context of the development of agricultural and food trade in Hungary after EU enlargement. Despite excess stocks of cereals, the prospects for the major feed grain consuming sectors (i.e. dairy, pig meat and broiler meat production) to expand look rather slim in the mid-term. Meat and dairy producers will face the burdens of adjustment in the livestock sectors and the anticipated boom of biofuel production in Hungary.
Novel Pressure Phase Diagram of Heavy Fermion Superconductor CePt$_{3}$Si Investigated by ac Calorimetry
Creators: name: Tateiwa, Naoyuki
name: Haga, Yoshinori
name: Matsuda, Tatsuma D.
name: Ikeda, Shugo
name: Yasuda, Takashi
name: Takeuchi, Tetsuya
name: Settai, Rikio
name: Onuki, Yoshichika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure dependences of the antiferromagnetic and superconducting transition temperatures have been investigated by ac heat capacity measurement under high pressures for the heavy-fermion superconductor CePt$_3$Si without inversion symmetry in the tetragonal structure. The Néel temperature $T_{\rm N}$ = 2.2 K decreases with increasing pressure and becomes zero at the critical pressure $P_{\rm AF}$ $\simeq$ 0.6 GPa. On the other hand, the superconducting phase exists in a wider pressure region from ambient pressure to about 1.5 GPa. The pressure phase diagram of CePt$_3$Si is thus very unique and has never been reported before for other heavy fermion superconductors.
description: 4 pages and 3 figures. This paper will be published in the July issue of J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
CONSEQUENCES OF THE TWO RECORD YEARS OF CEREAL INTERVENTION IN HUNGARY
Creators: name: Rieger, Laszlo
name: Szoke, Gyula
name: Rieger, Laszlo
name: Szoke, Gyula
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: EU cereal policy
subject: cereal intervention
subject: maize intervention
subject: Hungary

description: In this paper, problems connected to the adaptation of EU cereal intervention in Hungary are discussed. Statistical evidence is provided about the two record years of intervention in Hungary proving that farmers did not take part in intervention though the system was sought to be tailored to farmers' needs. Intervention purchases took place at the wholesale level and traders were the most active participants in both intervention periods. This dynamic intervention activity of traders will significantly alter the Hungarian trade sector by bringing it closer to the physical processes of the cereal chain. As to the size of intervention, the great volume of the purchase of maize has resulted in an exceptionally severe problem considering the large surplus of Hungarian cereals. Recently, the Commission hampered maize intervention in Hungary by excluding this crop from cereals eligible for intervention. This measure is criticised in the paper, as we deem it unnecessary in recent market conditions, and in our view it doesn't make up the compulsory need for a complex reconsideration of recent EU cereal policy on the long term.
Additional file 1 of Incidence, causes, and maternofetal outcomes of obstructed labor in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Asteray Assmie Ayenew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Prisma checklist.
Leadership development in healthcare: Empowering nurses through the charge nurse course
Creators: name: Lee, Jenny
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background



A charge nurse is a registered nurse who holds the responsibility of supervising the

daily operations of nursing units. The aim of the Charge Nurse course at the National

University Hospital (NUH), Singapore, is to equip senior staff nurses (SSNs) with

essential knowledge and skills to manage nursing units and ensure smooth and

efficient daily functioning of patient care. In the absence of nursing supervisors, SSNs

play a pivotal role in overseeing staffing, managing the unit, and facilitating

seamless communication between healthcare providers for enhanced patient care

outcomes.



Summary of Work



The full-day Charge Nurse course conducted bi-monthly, trains newly promoted

SSNs on the "6 Habits of Highly Effective Bosses." These habits include expanding self-

awareness, practicing empathy, following Golden Principle rules, maintaining proper

boundaries, criticizing artfully, and flexing to different people styles. Participants

engage in group discussions and role plays based on case scenarios related to

individual habit. Post-course, the participants would complete the Charge Nurse

competency checklist within three months.



Summary of Results



In 2023, 117 SSNs attended the one-day Charge Nurse course. A 5-point Likert scale

survey revealed high participant satisfaction, with ratings of 4.8 for course content,

subject coverage, and class activity effectiveness. Transfer of learning was rated 3.8

pre-course and increased to 4.4 out of 5 post course. 100% of participants

recommended the Charge Nurse course, highlighting its positive impact on

leadership behaviour and motivation for the role. Additionally, direct observations

from participants’ nursing supervisors yielded positive feedback. 80% of the

participants successfully completed the competency checklist and demonstrated

competence in performing the Charge Nurse role within 3 months post course.



Discussion and Conclusions



The Charge Nurse course is pivotal in facilitating the role transition of SSN into the

Charge Nurse role. This training imparts essential skills in leadership, communication,

and healthcare management. It addresses areas like staff coordination, conflict

resolution, and manpower management. Essentially, the course elevates SSNs into

assuming leadership roles, fostering a positive workplace atmosphere, and

advancing patient care coordination.



Take Home Messages



Master effective leadership and organizational skills to ensure smooth coordination

and delivery of patient care.
The Structure of Individual (Family) Farms in Hungary
Creators: name: Szep, Katalin
name: Burger, Anna
name: Szep, Katalin
name: Burger, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: agricultural production
subject: efficiency
subject: family farms
subject: land tenure
subject: land use

description: In 2003 a research study looked at the position of smallholders; the survey was carried out using questionnaires and interviews. The 613 farms included in the survey were situated in 3 counties in the Southern Great Plain of Hungary and in 3 counties of the Western part of the country (Transdanubia). The results of the survey showed that there was a firm tendency of concentration among the Hungarian individual farms. Though their average size is about 3 ha, the number and area of farms over 50 ha size are rapidly growing and taking a significant part of the total individual agricultural area. The number of small farms is great but their total farming area is relatively small. The concentration takes place primarily due to renting. The land market is sluggish mainly owing to the land-buying restrictions and the small intention to sell of those owners who are waiting for higher prices. Land prices are low but rising, especially on the western border of the country, near to Austria.
Isolate record for VAFB-ISO-722
Creators: name: Holloway, Corinne
Year: 1900
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This document is the isolated find record for VAFB-ISO-722. The artifact is a flake scraper.
The Dynamics of Agricultural Productivity and Industrial Transformation in Transition Countries
Creators: name: Kim, Hanho
name: An, Donghwan
name: Kim, Hanho
name: An, Donghwan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: transition countries
subject: efficiency
subject: productivity
subject: directional distance function
subject: agricultural reform
subject: initial condition
subject: industrial transformation

description: Relying on the frontier production approach, we investigated the performance of the agricultural sector in 28 transition countries and its changes over time, especially focusing on the dynamics of productivity changes and the effects of reform policy. Our findings are: (i) Asian and CEE transition countries performed better than CIS countries, while the performance improvement of CEE countries seems to be more prominent compared to that of Asian and CIS countries; (ii) The productivity growth is mainly attributable to the technical progress, particularly in CEE countries; (iii) Reform policy and industrial transformation seems to have positive effects on the performance of agricultural sector and its changes; (iv) The initial conditions do matter.
Statement of teaching philosophy: A narrative medicine workshop on pedagogy
Creators: name: Danby, Margaux
name: Sorini, Maya J.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Narrative medicine is a discipline dedicated to enriching clinical practice through the arts, humanities, and social sciences – including but not limited to literature, visual art, creative writing, philosophy, and disability studies – and the exploration of how these fields can mirror and inform the clinical encounter. Narrative medicine workshops, which involve the close reading of a literary or artistic “text” followed by a reflective writing exercise, translate theory into practice by fostering the essential skills of clinicians including the ability to recognize one another’s humanity, honing listening skills, working in teams to incorporate different perspectives, probing our own emotional reactions, and attending to the stories of others. Each component of the workshop calls participants to practice one or more of the skills above in an enriching environment free from the pressure and hierarchy of clinical medicine.



This workshop offers an introduction to narrative medicine and the NM workshop format, followed by a interactive workshop. The workshop is broken into two major sections: the first involves viewing, close reading, and discussing a creative text (Keith Leonard’s “Statement of Teaching Philosophy”), followed by writing to and sharing responses to a prompt derived from the text.



Intended outcomes of this workshop include: Develop a working understanding of narrative medicine theory and principles. Use poetry and prose as inroads to discuss the student-teacher relationship. Understand the role of uncertainty in the classroom, especially how we coexist with uncertainty. Recognize the co-creation of narrative involved in the clinical relationship. Strengthen abilities to facilitate that co-creation. Build confidence in the ability to both interpret existing stories and co-create new ones. Explore ways to teach narrative competency to trainees. Begin to ask questions like, “What is this patient leaving out?” “What parts of the story have I filled in?” and “What questions can I ask to get a more complete narrative?”
Additional file 2 of Incidence, causes, and maternofetal outcomes of obstructed labor in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Asteray Assmie Ayenew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. NOS quality assessment score for the included studies.
Bodies and Structures: Deep-Mapping Modern East Asian History - An Introduction
Creators: name: Ambaras, David R.
name: McDonald, Kate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Humanities
Spatial Humanities
History
Geography
East Asia

description: Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association (virtual), April 2021.
description: Supported by a Digital Humanities Advancement Grant (Level II) from the National Endowment for the Humanities, grant number HAA-266465-19.
The profession of (agricultural) economists and the experience of transition
Creators: name: Koester, Ulrich
name: Koester, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Washington Consensus
subject: land reform
subject: farm organization

description: The objective of the paper is to survey the state of knowledge of economists and agricultural economists at the onset of transition and seventeen years later. The "standard" economic reasoning in the early nineties were based on neoclassical economics and documented was has been termed the Washington Consensus. It is shown that the discrepancy between expectations and reality as well as the evolution of institutional economics has challenged economists. A "blue print" favoured in the early nineties seems to be opposed by many economist nowadays. Agricultural economists have been influenced by the lines of thought in the main profession, but there approach became country-specific in early years of the transition period. Nevertheless, there are some open questions concerning assessment and approach in giving policy advice.
The importance of the fifth answer option for the evaluation of MCQs
Creators: name: Schmitz, Ulrich
name: Lindner, Marcus
name: Becker, Jan
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Background

In Germany, a nationally standardised written final examination in dentistry will be held for the first time in November 2024. It will consist of 200 questions with predetermined correct answers. As with the written examination in medicine, MCQs with five answer options were created by experts. Due to the difficulties in developing suitable distractors and our own studies in 2022 and 2023, it was decided to use MCQs with four answer options. This gave rise to the research question of which option should be deleted or does the cancellation of various options influence the results achieved?

Summary of Work

For this purpose, a trial exam was prepared with 100 MCQs, in which 97 students took part (shortly after their actual exam). These were randomised into three groups of 32 and 33 participants. One group solved questions with five answer options, one solved questions with four options, where the fifth was removed by a group of experts according to technical and strategic aspects, and one solved questions with four answer options, where ChatGPT removed one option. Thus, the answer options of the second and third group differed in 79 items. The results achieved by all groups were assessed in accordance with the rules of the 2019 Dental Licensing Regulations and subsequently statistically analysed.

Summary of Results

The group with questions with 5 answer options scored an average of 60.6 points (Median 60.0, SD 11.11), with 4 options with the 5th option cancelled by experts 63.5 points (62.34, 13.45), with the option cancelled by ChatGPT also 63.5 points (62.73, 10.94). A Bayes MCMC simulation (Markow-Chain-Monte-Carlo method) with 10,000 generated examples shows that the probability of a better result for a randomly selected person from one group compared to a randomly selected person from another group is the same for all three groups.

Discussion and Conclusion

The results indicate that the choice of a fifth option for cancellation is not very important. However, this should be confirmed in a larger cohort.



Take Home Message

The results achieved by all three groups showed no significant differences. It appears to be irrelevant for the test result which answer option is removed, unless it’s not the correct answer.
The splashback boundary of haloes in hydrodynamic simulations
Creators: name: O'Neil, Stephanie
name: Barnes, David J.
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Diemer, Benedikt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The splashback radius, $R_{\rm sp}$, is a physically motivated halo boundary that separates infalling and collapsed matter of haloes. We study $R_{\rm sp}$ in the hydrodynamic and dark matter only IllustrisTNG simulations. The most commonly adopted signature of $R_{\rm sp}$ is the radius at which the radial density profiles are steepest. Therefore, we explicitly optimise our density profile fit to the profile slope and find that this leads to a $\sim5\%$ larger radius compared to other optimisations. We calculate $R_{\rm sp}$ for haloes with masses between $10^{13-15}{\rm M}_{\odot}$ as a function of halo mass, accretion rate and redshift. $R_{\rm sp}$ decreases with mass and with redshift for haloes of similar $M_{\rm200m}$ in agreement with previous work. We also find that $R_{\rm sp}/R_{\rm200m}$ decreases with halo accretion rate. We apply our analysis to dark matter, gas and satellite galaxies associated with haloes to investigate the observational potential of $R_{\rm sp}$. The radius of steepest slope in gas profiles is consistently smaller than the value calculated from dark matter profiles. The steepest slope in galaxy profiles, which are often used in observations, tends to agree with dark matter profiles but is lower for less massive haloes. We compare $R_{\rm sp}$ in hydrodynamic and N-body dark matter only simulations and do not find a significant difference caused by the addition of baryonic physics. Thus, results from dark matter only simulations should be applicable to realistic haloes.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS
What can be learned from pupils and staff in Key Stage 3 & 4 Pupil Referral Units about processes leading to permanent exclusion? Opportunities for improving practice
Creators: name: Blanchard, Jo
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023
Subjects: Permanent Exclusion
Pupil Referral Units
Secondary-aged Exclusion
School Exclusion
Educational Psychology

description: It is well-documented that permanent exclusion from school can have several adverse consequences. Government statistics show that permanent exclusion disproportionately affects disadvantaged and vulnerable students, particularly those with special educational needs, thus exacerbating educational inequalities. Furthermore, the cycle of disadvantage is perpetuated by the negative onward trajectory for excluded pupils, such as reduced educational attainment and increased likelihood of engaging in criminal activities.

Additionally, the lack of effective alternatives to exclusion and inconsistencies in decision-making processes in schools contribute to the wider issue. The systemic complexities and emotional toll on students and families, coupled with the long-term societal costs, underline the urgent need for comprehensive reform in the way permanent exclusion is addressed within the education system.

This study explored the critical insights that can be gained from the perspectives, views and experiences of both students and staff members in Key Stage 3 and 4 Pupil Referral Units (PRUs) and begins by examining the national context and acknowledging the often-negative outcomes associated with permanent exclusion from mainstream educational settings. A systematic literature review identified a gap in the research focussing on pupils’ and PRU staff’s retrospective views, thus, prompting an examination of the experiences of permanently excluded students who have been placed in PRUs. The study also aimed to add to an existing body of literature supporting the need for changes to permanent exclusion processes.

A qualitative research design was utilised. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven members of staff and five secondary-aged pupils within two pupil referral units from one local authority. The study investigated the lived experiences of pupils and the views of dedicated PRU staff who have developed deep insights into the processes and impact of permanent exclusion from mainstream school. The epistemological underpinning of this study lies within social constructivism and aligns with a critical realist ontology. Thematic analysis identifies several key findings, including the paramount importance of relationships within educational environments, the significance of effective communication, and the necessity for early identification of special needs among students. Additionally, the research considered the effectiveness of punitive measures and zero tolerance policies in addressing the issue of weapons carrying among these often-vulnerable students.

By integrating these insights, this study seeks to contribute to the ongoing discourse surrounding the processes of permanent exclusions and consider opportunities for improving practice.
The Pitfalls of Transition: Crowding Out the "National Virtues"
Creators: name: Miljkovic, Dragan
name: Miljkovic, Dragan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: external monitoring
subject: institutional change
subject: intrinsic motivation
subject: portfolio theory
subject: Washington consensus

description: In this paper a view is advanced that explains why the transition to markets did not always lead to the outcomes predicted by the Washington Consensus type strategies. Institutional portfolio theory is used to define a myriad of interests and goals of a transition economy. A model is developed in which external intervention and increased external monitoring are shown to lead to lessening of the intrinsic motivation within transition economies to pursue the reforms as prescribed by Washington Consensus sometimes resulting in very slow growth rates or even a decline of the GDP.
Prompt Optical Detection of GRB 050401 with ROTSE-IIIa
Creators: name: Rykoff, E. S.
name: Yost, S. A.
name: Krimm, H. A.
name: Aharonian, F.
name: Akerlof, C. W.
name: Alatalo, K.
name: Ashley, M. C. B.
name: Barthelmy, S. D.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Guver, T.
name: Horns, D.
name: Kiziloglu, U.
name: McKay, T. A.
name: Ozel, M.
name: Phillips, A.
name: Quimby, R. M.
name: Rujopakarn, W.
name: Schaefer, B. E.
name: Smith, D. A.
name: Swan, H. F.
name: Vestrand, W. T.
name: Wheeler, J. C.
name: Wren, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ROTSE-IIIa telescope at Siding Spring Observatory, Australia, detected prompt optical emission from Swift GRB 050401. In this letter, we present observations of the early optical afterglow, first detected by the ROTSE-IIIa telescope 33 s after the start of gamma-ray emission, contemporaneous with the brightest peak of this emission. This GRB was neither exceptionally long nor bright. This is the first prompt optical detection of a GRB of typical duration and luminosity. We find that the early afterglow decay does not deviate significantly from the power-law decay observable at later times, and is uncorrelated with the prompt gamma-ray emission. We compare this detection with the other two GRBs with prompt observations, GRB 990123 and GRB 041219a. All three bursts exhibit quite different behavior at early times.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Metaheuristics "In the Large"
Creators: name: Swan, Jerry
name: Adriaensen, Steven
name: Brownlee, Alexander E. I.
name: Hammond, Kevin
name: Johnson, Colin G.
name: Kheiri, Ahmed
name: Krawiec, Faustyna
name: Merelo, J. J.
name: Minku, Leandro L.
name: Özcan, Ender
name: Pappa, Gisele L.
name: García-Sánchez, Pablo
name: Sörensen, Kenneth
name: Voß, Stefan
name: Wagner, Markus
name: White, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68W99

description: Following decades of sustained improvement, metaheuristics are one of the great success stories of optimization research. However, in order for research in metaheuristics to avoid fragmentation and a lack of reproducibility, there is a pressing need for stronger scientific and computational infrastructure to support the development, analysis and comparison of new approaches. We argue that, via principled choice of infrastructure support, the field can pursue a higher level of scientific enquiry. We describe our vision and report on progress, showing how the adoption of common protocols for all metaheuristics can help liberate the potential of the field, easing the exploration of the design space of metaheuristics.
Oscillons of Axion-Like Particle: Mass distribution and power spectrum
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Nakano, Wakutaka
name: Nakatsuka, Hiromasa
name: Sonomoto, Eisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In string theory, the simultaneous existence of many Axion-Like Particles (ALPs) are suggested over a vast mass range, and a variety of potentials have been developed in the context of inflation. In such potentials shallower than quadratic, the prominent instability can produce localized dense objects, oscillons. Because of the approximate conservation of their adiabatic invariant, oscillons generally survive quite long, maybe up to the current age of the universe in the case of ultra-light ALPs with $m \sim 10^{-22}\ {\rm eV}$. Such oscillons can have significant effects on the evolution of the recent universe. In this paper, we investigate the oscillons of the pure-natural type potential by classical lattice simulation to explore the key quantities necessary for phenomenological application: the number density of oscillons, the oscillon mass distribution, the energy ratio of oscillons to the ALP field, and the power spectrum. Then, we evolve these values in consideration of the analytic decay rate.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of Discrete choice experiments or best-worst scaling? A qualitative study to determine the suitability of preference elicitation tasks in research with children and young people
Creators: name: Rogers, Helen J.
name: Marshman, Zoe
name: Rodd, Helen
name: Rowen, Donna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Isolate record for VAFB-ISO-763
Creators: name: Holloway, Corinne
Year: 1900
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This document is the isolated find record for VAFB-ISO-763. The artifact is a decortication flake.
Dynamics of Open Bosonic Quantum Systems in Coherent State Representation
Creators: name: Dalvit, D. A. R.
name: Berman, G. P.
name: Vishik, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of decoherence and relaxation of open bosonic quantum systems from a perspective alternative to the standard master equation or quantum trajectories approaches. Our method is based on the dynamics of expectation values of observables evaluated in a coherent state representation. We examine a model of a quantum nonlinear oscillator with a density-density interaction with a collection of environmental oscillators at finite temperature. We derive the exact solution for dynamics of observables and demonstrate a consistent perturbation approach.
description: 7 pages
The Evolution of Property Rights to Land in Sarawak: An Institutionalist Perspective
Creators: name: Cramb, Rob A.
name: Cramb, Rob A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The paper examines the evolution of customary land tenure in Sarawak. It first reviews economic theory relating to the evolution of land tenure, then outlines the tenure system of the !ban, the major indigenous group in Sarawak. The impact of the Sarawak state on customary tenure is examined for the Brooke period (1841-1941), the British colonial period (1946-63) and particularly the period since the formation of Malaysia (1963 to present). The paper concludes that both economic and political factors have affected the evolution of property rights to land in Sarawak.
Photocount statistics in mesoscopic optics
Creators: name: Balog, S.
name: Zakharov, P.
name: Scheffold, F.
name: Skipetrov, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of the impact of mesoscopic fluctuations on the photocount statistics of coherent light scattered in a random medium. Poisson photocount distribution of the incident light widens and gains additional asymmetry upon transmission through a suspension of small dielectric spheres. The effect is only appreciable when the average number of photocounts becomes comparable or larger than the effective dimensionless conductance g of the sample.
description: Thoroughly revised text and figures, new data set, new figure added
Household Goals and Technology Adoption of Smallholders in Eastern Kenya
Creators: name: Parton, Kevin A.
name: Parton, Kevin A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The farm-household system of smallholders in semi-arid eastern Kenya is described. This is followed by a review of the extent of adoption of a set of new practices. A lexicographic utility framework is then developed to analyse the interaction between household goals and technology adoption. The results highlight the importance of closely considering goals of individual farmers when designing technologies and disseminating information on new practices.
Micro-level Studies and Policy Analysis: Experiences from Tonga and South Kalimantan
Creators: name: Delforce, Julie C.
name: Potter, Lesley M.
name: Delforce, Julie C.
name: Potter, Lesley M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Policy-oriented studies at the household and village level are undertaken by researchers from a range of disciplines. In this paper, we focus on two such studies, one conducted in Tonga by agricultural economists, the other in Indonesia by a geographer. While there are differences in disciplinary approach, some fundamental requirements emerge for the successful integration of micro-level research into the policy making process.
Modelling the Adoption of HYV Technology in Developing Economies: Theory and Empirics
Creators: name: Quilkey, John J.
name: Pradhan, Jadunath
name: Quilkey, John J.
name: Pradhan, Jadunath
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: International Development
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Modelling the adoption of HYV technology in developing economies may be effectively prosecuted at the microlevel in a non-separable, decision-theoretic system. The degree of adoption of high-yielding varieties of rice can be incorporated into the household decision framework and account can be taken of imperfections in labour and commodity markets. Despite the gap between theory and practice, an embryonic empirical model is implemented using survey data from Orissa, India to appraise the effectiveness of a range of agricultural policies on farm-family welfare, farm output, marketed surplus of food and rural employment.
Multi-Layered Safety for Legged Robots via Control Barrier Functions and Model Predictive Control
Creators: name: Grandia, Ruben
name: Taylor, Andrew J.
name: Ames, Aaron D.
name: Hutter, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of dynamic locomotion over rough terrain requires both accurate foot placement together with an emphasis on dynamic stability. Existing approaches to this problem prioritize immediate safe foot placement over longer term dynamic stability considerations, or relegate the coordination of foot placement and dynamic stability to heuristic methods. We propose a multi-layered locomotion framework that unifies Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) with Model Predictive Control (MPC) to simultaneously achieve safe foot placement and dynamic stability. Our approach incorporates CBF based safety constraints both in a low frequency kino-dynamic MPC formulation and a high frequency inverse dynamics tracking controller. This ensures that safety-critical execution is considered when optimizing locomotion over a longer horizon. We validate the proposed method in a 3D stepping-stone scenario in simulation and experimentally on the ANYmal quadruped platform.
Beckmann, Joachim (hrsg.): Kirchliches Jahrbuch für die Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland 1973
Creators: name: Kg.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (1976): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 25, Heft 3
Experience with World Bank Funded Rural Development
Creators: name: Donaldson, Graham
name: Donaldson, Graham
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Rural development projects, designed to reach large numbers of families in villages throughout the world, were a major element in World Bank strategy in the 1970s and 1980s. Evaluation of nearly 400 completed projects shows two out of three have been satisfactory. This paper reviews and extracts lessons from evaluation of both satisfactory and unsatisfactory projects. Based on these findings it postulates a three part model of successful rural development initiatives based on incentive, production and institutional components.
A Relativistic Wave Equation for the Skyrmion
Creators: name: Rajeev, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a relativistically invariant wave equation for the Skyrme soliton. It is a differential equation on the space $R^{1,3}\times S^3$ which is invariant under the Lorentz group and isospin. The internal variable valued in $SU(2)\approx S^3$ describes the orientation of the soliton. The mass of a particle of spin and isospin both equal to $j={1\over 2},{3\over 2}...$ is predicted to be $M=m\sqrt{1+K_2j(j+1)\over 1+K_1j(j+1)}$ which agrees with the known spectrum for low angular momentum. The iso-scalar magnetic moment is predicted to be $-{K_1\over 4m}{\mathbf Σ}$, where ${\mathbf Σ}$ is the spin.
Modeling inelastic phonon scattering in atomic- and molecular-wire junctions
Creators: name: Paulsson, Magnus
name: Frederiksen, Thomas
name: Brandbyge, Mads
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computationally inexpensive approximations describing electron-phonon scattering in molecular-scale conductors are derived from the non-equilibrium Green's function method. The accuracy is demonstrated with a first principles calculation on an atomic gold wire. Quantitative agreement between the full non-equilibrium Green's function calculation and the newly derived expressions is obtained while simplifying the computational burden by several orders of magnitude. In addition, analytical models provide intuitive understanding of the conductance including non-equilibrium heating and provide a convenient way of parameterizing the physics. This is exemplified by fitting the expressions to the experimentally observed conductances through both an atomic gold wire and a hydrogen molecule.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
EC Agricultural Policy in 1992-93: Implementation of CAP Reform
Creators: name: Manegold, Dirk
name: Manegold, Dirk
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Topical information is given on the development and management of major EC agricultural markets on the farm price decisions for the coming year and on the consequences of recent changes in the Common Agricultural Policy. The compromise between the EC and the US which may lead to a solution to the ongoing GAIT negotiations is discussed. and the problems in implementing the new agrimonetary regime are considered.
Additional file 2 of Discrete choice experiments or best-worst scaling? A qualitative study to determine the suitability of preference elicitation tasks in research with children and young people
Creators: name: Rogers, Helen J.
name: Marshman, Zoe
name: Rodd, Helen
name: Rowen, Donna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Does Muscle Matter? An Economic Evaluation of Live Cattle Characteristics
Creators: name: Williams, Christine H.
name: Rolfe, John
name: Longworth, John W.
name: Williams, Christine H.
name: Rolfe, John
name: Longworth, John W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The Queensland Livestock Market Reporting Service (QLMRS) was established in 1980 by the livestock and Meat Authority of Queensland. Weekly reports on the major live cattle auctions in Queensland indicate the prices of different types of cattle, categorised by their age, sex, weight, fat score and type of feed. Previous research has suggested that differences in these characteristics account for only some of the price variation observed at cattle auctions. This paper investigates other characteristics not included in the QLMRS market reports which may be important in determining the price of cattle. Data on the standard QLMRS characteristics and on other potentially important characteristics have been collected by the authors for a large number of lots of live cattle sold at two different auction sites in Queensland. This paper analyses the contribution both of characteristics regularly reported by the QMLRS and of other characteristics not reported by the QLMRS to explaining the variation in prices observed at these auctions. Hedonic price models are estimated which provide estimates of the premiums and discounts associated with different levels of the characteristics for which data were collected. The paper highlights the limitations of current market reports and indicates that the inclusion of muscle score may add considerably to the information content of these reports. More generally, the analysis suggests that liveweight auctions may not represent an efficient price discovery mechanism for cattle.
Unstable particle's wave-function renormalization prescription
Creators: name: Zhou, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We strictly define two set Wave-function Renormalization Constants (WRC) under the LSZ reduction formula for unstable particles at the first time. Then by introducing antiparticle's WRC and the CPT conservation law we obtain a new wave-function renormalization condition which can be used to totally determine the two set WRC. We calculate two physical processes to manifest the consistence of the present wave-function renormalization prescription with the gauge theory in standard model. We also prove that the conventional wave-function renormalization prescription which discards the imaginary part of unstable particle's WRC leads to physical amplitude gauge dependent.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures