cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS): Studi Pustaka (Library Research) dan Bibliometrik VOSviewer
Creators: name: Anggreni, Lailatul Selfi
name: Budianto, Eka Wahyu Hestya
name: Dewi, Nindi Dwi Tetria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS)
Studi Pustaka
Bibliometrik
VOSviewer

description: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan topik penelitian seputar Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS) dengan pendekatan kualitatif, yang bersifat studi pustaka (library research). Teknik pengumpulan data dengan: pertama, membuka sofware Perish/Harzing, lalu mencari jurnal berdasarkan kategori title words berkata kunci "Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS)" dalam kurun waktu seluruh tahun. Kedua, mengumpulkan data judul jurnal dalam Microsoft Excel, dan mengidentifikasi judul jurnal yang ganda. Ketiga, mengunduh file berformat RIS (Research Information Systems) dan PDF (Portable Document Format) dari seluruh jurnal yang telah dikumpulkan datanya. Keempat, memasukkan file data RIS ke dalam software Mendeley Dekstop. Teknik analisis data dengan memetakan topik penelitian seputar Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS)berdasarkan jurnal-jurnal yang telah dikumpulkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 8 pemetaan topik penelitian menggunakan studi pustaka seputar Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS). Implikasi dan kontribusi penelitian ini adalah pemetaan topik-topik penelitian seputar Badan Arbitrase Syariah Nasional (BASYARNAS), baik yang sering ataupun jarang diteliti oleh peneliti, sehingga peneliti lainnya dapat mengetahui kekosongan penelitian dalam topik ini.
Additional file 11 of Developing principles for sharing information about potential trial intervention benefits and harms with patients: report of a modified Delphi survey
Creators: name: Svobodova, Martina
name: Jacob, Nina
name: Hood, Kerry
name: Gillies, Katie
name: Hale, Rachel
name: Bostock, Jennifer
name: Bower, Peter
name: Edwards, Adrian
name: Farthing, Penelope
name: Rawlinson, Sarah
name: Treweek, Shaun
name: Howick, Jeremy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 11. Final set of principle statements.
Modélisation de l'admission à travers une soupape inverse
Creators: name: Quintanilla, Martin
name: Lanzetta, François
name: Bégot, Sylvie
name: Ranc, Pierre
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2020
Subjects: moteur Ericsson
soupape
modélisation
remplissage

description: Le moteur Ericsson, inventé par l'américain d'origine suédoise John Ericsson en 1833, fait partie des machines à apport de chaleur externe (MACE), lesquelles peuvent fonctionner avec différentes sources d'énergie : combustibles fossiles, biomasse, solaire, chaleur fatale, etc. Le moteur Ericsson, dans sa configuration la plus simple, est constitué d'une enceinte de compression, d'un échangeur de chaleur et d'une enceinte de détente ; le fluide de travail est de l'air, lequel est comprimé, réchauffé et détendu avec pour but de convertir de l'énergie thermique en énergie mécanique ou électrique si on ajoute une génératrice au système. Le fluide admis dans le détendeur doit passer à travers les soupapes d'admission. Afin d'estimer le débit massique qui rentre dans l'enceinte, l'équation de Barré Saint-Venant est souvent utilisée dans les travaux sans préciser s'il s'agit de soupapes classiques (ouverture vers l'intérieur de l'enceinte) ou inverses (ouverture vers l'extérieur de l'enceinte). Cet article présente un modèle dynamique de l'admission d'air dans une enceinte à volume constant à travers une soupape inverse. Le modèle développé qui emploie l'équation de Barré Saint-Venant est confronté, en vue de sa validation, aux données expérimentales obtenues à partir d'essais réalisés par la société Ananké sur l'enceinte de détente d'un moteur Ericsson à soufflets métalliques. La campagne d'essais a été effectuée pour de l'air à température ambiante comme fluide de travail, pour quatre différentes pressions (125, 150, 250 et 350 kPa) et trois volumes (166, 369 et 518~$\unit{cm^3}$) différents. Les premiers résultats issus de la confrontation entre les expérimentations et la simulation donnent une valeur du coefficient de décharge compris entre 0,4 et 0,5 pour la soupape inverse en fonction de la pression d'admission.
Software Pauli Tracking for Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Paler, Alexandru
name: Devitt, Simon J.
name: Nemoto, Kae
name: Polian, Ilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The realisation of large-scale quantum computing is no longer simply a hardware question. The rapid development of quantum technology has resulted in dozens of control and programming problems that should be directed towards the classical computer science and engineering community. One such problem is known as Pauli tracking. Methods for implementing quantum algorithms that are compatible with crucial error correction technology utilise extensive quantum teleportation protocols. These protocols are intrinsically probabilistic and result in correction operators that occur as byproducts of teleportation. These byproduct operators do not need to be corrected in the quantum hardware itself. Instead, byproduct operators are tracked through the circuit and output results reinterpreted. This tracking is routinely ignored in quantum information as it is assumed that tracking algorithms will eventually be developed. In this work we help fill this gap and present an algorithm for tracking byproduct operators through a quantum computation. We formulate this work based on quantum gate sets that are compatible with all major forms of quantum error correction and demonstrate the completeness of the algorithm.
description: 5 Pages, 1 figure, Accepted for Design, Automation and Test In Europe (DATE'2014)
Phenomenological Varying Modified Chaplygin Gas with Variable $G$ and $Λ$: Toy Models for Our Universe
Creators: name: Sadeghi, J.
name: Khurshudyan, M.
name: Farahani, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article motivated by the recent articles and results of two authors. Recently, J. Sadeghi and H. Farahani presented a work [1], where they include viscosity and analyze general model, by this way they extended models considered by M. Khurshudyan [2] and [3]. In this article, We tempt to consider varying Modified Chaplygin gas model in case of variable $G$ and $Λ$. It is well known, that varying $G$ and $Λ$ gives rise to modified field equations and modified conservation laws. We will consider two different toy models. First model is a Universe with one component phenomenological gas of our consideration, while for the second model we assume existence of a composed fluid of gas and a matter with $P=ω(t)ρ_{m}$. Sign changeable interaction between fluids is accepted. We will analyze important cosmological parameters like EoS parameter of a fluid, deceleration parameter $q$ of the model.
description: 16 pages, 12 figure
Additional file 1 of Developing principles for sharing information about potential trial intervention benefits and harms with patients: report of a modified Delphi survey
Creators: name: Svobodova, Martina
name: Jacob, Nina
name: Hood, Kerry
name: Gillies, Katie
name: Hale, Rachel
name: Bostock, Jennifer
name: Bower, Peter
name: Edwards, Adrian
name: Farthing, Penelope
name: Rawlinson, Sarah
name: Treweek, Shaun
name: Howick, Jeremy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. CREDES Checklist.
Etude des performances thermiques et dynamiques d'un écoulement de nano-fluides dans une conduite cylindrique
Creators: name: Guechi, Mohamed-Rabie
name: Abboudi, Saïd
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2020
Subjects: convection forcée
nano-fluides
monophasique
diphasique.

description: Dans ce travail, on étudie numériquement le comportement convectif d'un écoulement de nano-fluides dans une conduite cylindrique horizontale soumise à un flux thermique constant au niveau de sa paroi. On propose de comparer deux approches de l'écoulement, la première dite monophasique basée sur l'utilisation de propriétés effectives du nano-fluide, la seconde dite diphasique basée sur les deux modèles Mixture et Euler-Euler. Les équations de conservation sont résolues à l'aide du code Ansys-Fluent. Dans le modèle monophasique, la conductivité thermique et la viscosité dynamique effective des nano-fluides sont approchées respectivement par les modèles de Hamilton-crosser et de Drew-Passman. Les simulations numériques sont effectuées dans le cas de l'eau pure et des mélanges d'eau et de nanoparticules composées de métaux purs (Cu, Al) et d'oxydes de métaux ($\unit{CuO}$, $\unit{Al_2O_3}$). Les influences de certains paramètres tels que la concentration de nanoparticules, le nombre de Reynolds et le nombre de Peclet sur l'amélioration du transfert de chaleur des nano-fluides ont été étudiées. Les résultats des deux modèles diphasiques présentent un faible écart et leurs comparaisons avec le modèle monophasique montrent une différence significative en accord avec les travaux de la littérature. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l'augmentation de la fraction volumique des nanoparticules favorise le transfert de chaleur, et que le modèle diphasique Euler-Euler donne de meilleurs résultats. L'application des nano-fluides comme fluide caloporteur potentiel dans les systèmes de conversion d'énergie solaire est en cours d'étude et aura donc pour effet d'améliorer leur performance et leur rendement.
Nonlinear Photoluminescence Properties of Trions in Hole-doped Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Akizuki, Naoto
name: Iwamura, Munechiyo
name: Mouri, Shinichiro
name: Miyauchi, Yuhei
name: Kawasaki, Tomohiro
name: Watanabe, Hiroshi
name: Suemoto, Tohru
name: Watanabe, Kouta
name: Asano, Kenichi
name: Matsuda, Kazunari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the excitation density dependence of photoluminescence (PL) spectra of excitons and trions (charged excitons) in hole-doped single-walled carbon nanotubes. We found that the PL intensity of trions exhibited a strong nonlinear saturation behavior as the excitation density increased, whereas that of excitons exhibited a weak sublinear behavior. The strong PL saturation of trions is attributed to depletion of doped holes that are captured by excitons in the formation processes. Moreover, the effective radiative lifetime of a trion was evaluated to be approximately 20 ns.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures in main text and 10 pages, 4 figures in supplemental material
The World Beyond Europe in the Romance Epics of Boiardo and Ariosto, book presentation, part 1
Creators: name: Cavallo, Jo Ann
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Literature

description: Part 1: Professor Jo Ann Cavallo presents her book, The World Beyond Europe in the Romance Epics of Boiardo and Ariosto, at the De Bosis Colloquium in Italian Studies, Harvard University, April 28, 2014.
Additional file 2 of Developing principles for sharing information about potential trial intervention benefits and harms with patients: report of a modified Delphi survey
Creators: name: Svobodova, Martina
name: Jacob, Nina
name: Hood, Kerry
name: Gillies, Katie
name: Hale, Rachel
name: Bostock, Jennifer
name: Bower, Peter
name: Edwards, Adrian
name: Farthing, Penelope
name: Rawlinson, Sarah
name: Treweek, Shaun
name: Howick, Jeremy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2. Delphi survey instruction.
Caractérisation d'un micro-échangeur de chaleur implanté dans un régénérateur magnétocalorique
Creators: name: Plait, Antony
name: De Larochelambert, Thierry
name: Giurgea, Stefan
name: Espanet, Christophe
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2020
Subjects: Micro-échangeur
réfrigération magnétique
résultats expérimentaux
caractérisation

description: Le département ÉNERGIE de l'Institut FEMTO-ST développe depuis quelques années des recherches autour de la production de froid et chaleur à haute efficacité grâce aux propriétés magnétocaloriques de certains matériaux autour de température ambiante. Cette technologie offre d'importants avantages environnementaux car l'efficacité théorique des cycles magnétocaloriques actifs à régénérateur (AMR) utilisés est supérieure à celle des technologies classiques à compression de vapeur ; de plus, contrairement à ces dernières, son fonctionnement n'utilise pas de gaz à effet de serre. L'analyse du cycle AMR pour différentes formes d'onde du champ magnétique et de la vitesse du fluide caloporteur est un levier essentiel pour concevoir et mettre en œuvre des applications de chauffage et de refroidissement efficaces basées sur l'effet magnétocalorique. La modélisation des phénomènes multi-physiques qui se produisent à l'intérieur-même des régénérateurs magnétocaloriques actifs nécessite le couplage de modèles magnétostatique, magnétocalorique et thermo-fluidique. Le régénérateur magnétocalorique utilisé dans notre système est composé de quatorze plaques de gadolinium et deux micro-échangeurs de chaleur identiques. Ces derniers ont été conçus au laboratoire et fabriqués par fusion laser de micro-billes inox pour être placés aux deux extrémités du régénérateur magnétocalorique actif afin d'échanger rapidement et efficacement sa puissance magnétocalorique. De forme rhombique à courants croisés non-brassés, ils comportent 5 micro-canaux transversaux et 6 micro-canaux longitudinaux à surfaces micro-structurées pour en augmenter l'efficacité sans augmentation des pertes de charge. Après fabrication, ils ont d'abord été testés au sein du laboratoire afin de caractériser leurs performances thermiques et dynamiques, notamment les puissances échangées, ainsi que les paramètres KSF, NUT, DTML et l'efficacité. Afin de déterminer au mieux ces paramètres, le micro-échangeur est équipé à chaque entrée/sortie d'un support permettant de mesurer la température et la pression des écoulements par thermocouples de type K et micro-capteurs de pression de marque Kulite de type XTL-140M.
MPEC 2023-V90 : 2023 VS2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VS2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risks Computed for Benzo[A]Pyrene and Two Tobacco-Specific N-Nitrosamines in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke Compared with Lung Cancer Risks Derived from Epidemiologic Data
Creators: name: Austin, Donald F.
name: Stellman, Steven D.
name: Toccalino, Patricia L.
name: Watanabe, Karen H.
name: Djordjevic, Mirjana V.
name: Pankow, James F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Epidemiology
Oncology
Public health

description: The manner in which humans smoke cigarettes is an important determinant of smoking risks. Of the few investigators that have predicted cancer risks from smoking on a chemical-specific basis, most used mainstream cigarette smoke (MCS) carcinogen emissions obtained via machine smoking protocols that only approximate human smoking conditions. Here we use data of Djordjevic et al. [Djordjevic, M.V., Stellman, S.D., Zang, E., 2000. Doses of nicotine and lung carcinogens delivered to cigarette smokers. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 92, 106–111] for MCS emissions of three carcinogens measured under human smoking conditions to compute probability distributions of incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values using Monte Carlo simulations. The three carcinogens considered are benzo[a]pyrene, N  ′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK). Computed NNK ILCR values were compared with lifetime risks of lung cancer (ILCR*((obsΣ/CMD)-lung)) derived from American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Studies (CPS) I and II. Within the Monte Carlo simulation results, NNK was responsible for the greatest ILCR values for all cancer endpoints: median ILCR values for NNK were ~18-fold and 120-fold higher than medians for NNN and benzo[a]pyrene, respectively. For “regular” cigarettes, the NNK median ILCR for lung cancer was lower than ILCR*((obsΣ/CMD)-lung) from CPS-I and II by less than 90-fold for men and less than 4-fold for women. Given what is known about chemical carcinogens in MCS, this study shows that there is a higher incidence of lung cancer from exposure to MCS than can be predicted with current risk assessment methods using available toxicity and emission data.
Modélisation et simulation par exploration statistique de chemins thermiques dans un empilement magnétique refroidi par des caloducs.
Creators: name: Eymet, Vincent
name: Piaud, Benjamin
name: Prisse, Lucien
name: Ybanez, Ludovic
name: Harribey, Dominique
name: Lefevre, Yvan
name: Llibre, Jean-François
name: Dutour, Sebastien
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2020
Subjects: Simulation
Monte-Carlo
complexité géométrique
fonction de transfert

description: Afin d'accélérer l'utilisation de l'énergie électrique dans des applications embarquées forte puissance, il est nécessaire d'augmenter les performances de chaque brique technologique. Une des voies possible est d'améliorer la gestion des contraintes thermiques. Par exemple, améliorer l'extraction, le transport et la dissipation de la chaleur générée par les pertes dans un enroulement permettrait d'augmenter la densité de courant et donc sa puissance spécifique sans nuire à sa fiabilité. Dans cette communication, nous présentons des simulations thermiques d'un assemblage de tôles magnétiques et de bobinages qui sont refroidis par des caloducs réalisé dans le cadre d'un projet porté par Airbus. Ces simulations sont réalisées avec le code libre Stardis basé sur une formulation statistique des transferts thermiques. Les algorithmes mis en œuvre dans ce code reposent sur l'équivalence entre l'équation de la chaleur et un processus Brownien (Feynman-Kac, 1949). Ce type d'approche existe depuis la proposition d'algorithmes Walk-on-Spheres (Muller, 1956) mais n'a jamais passé, à notre connaissance, la barrière de la complexité géométrique. Ces approches retrouvent un intérêt aujourd'hui avec les techniques informatiques de suivis de chemins devenues disponibles grâce à la synthèse d'image et d'effets spéciaux. Nous montrerons dans cette communication, en nous appuyant sur l'exemple de l'assemblage précité, les principales caractéristiques de l'approche codée dans Stardis comme: l'indépendance à la complexité géométrique, l'inexistence d'un maillage volumique, la capacité à faire du calcul sonde et également l'évaluation de la "fonction de transfert". Par fonction de transfert, nous entendons dans ce contexte le lien entre un observable thermique comme la température en un point critique du système et les sources (sources de puissance, conditions aux limites).
SDO/AIA and Hinode/EIS Observations of Interaction Between an EUV Wave and Active Region Loops
Creators: name: Yang, Liheng
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Liu, Wei
name: Li, Ting
name: Shen, Yuandeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed analysis of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wave and its interaction with active region (AR) loops observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly and the Hinode EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS). This wave was initiated from AR 11261 on 2011 August 4 and propagated at velocities of 430--910 km\s. It was observed to traverse another AR and cross over a filament channel on its path. The EUV wave perturbed neighboring AR loops and excited a disturbance that propagated toward the footpoints of these loops. EIS observations of AR loops revealed that at the time of the wave transit, the original redshift increased by about 3 km\s, while the original blueshift decreased slightly. After the wave transit, these changes were reversed. When the EUV wave arrived at the boundary of a polar coronal hole, two reflected waves were successively produced and part of them propagated above the solar limb. The first reflected wave above the solar limb encountered a large-scale loop system on its path, and a secondary wave rapidly emerged 144 Mm ahead of it at a higher speed. These findings can be explained in the framework of a fast-mode magnetosonic wave interpretation for EUV waves, in which observed EUV waves are generated by expanding coronal mass ejections.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures, accepted by ApJ
Assessment of coastal erosion and flooding hazard in the Beaufort Sea coast
Creators: name: Vieira, Gonçalo
name: Whalen, Dustin
name: Irrgang, Anna
name: Mora, Carla
name: Canário, João
name: Freitas, Pedro
name: Pinheiro, Daniel
name: Lantuit, Hugues
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Arctic permafrost coasts are major carbon (Schuur et al., 2015) and mercury pools (Schuster et al 2018) and represent about 34% of Earth's coastline, with large sectors affected by high erosion rates (Fritz et al, 2017), increasingly affecting coastal communities. Year-round reduction in Arctic sea ice is forecasted and by the end of the 21st century, models indicate a decrease in sea ice area from 43 to 94% in September and from 8 to 34% in February (IPCC, 2014). An increase of the sea-ice free season duration will further expose coasts to wave action, with changing climate also modifying the contribution of terrestrial erosion (Fritz et al., 2015, Ramage et al 2018, Irrgang et al 2018). Within the project NUNATARYUK, we are updating the mapping of the Arctic coast and assessing the hazard exposure of communities, with the Beaufort Sea as a case-study. The surveying methodology includes: i. a high resolution update of the coastline mapping and change rates using Pleiades (CNES) satellite acquisitions from 2018, ii. a survey using RTK-UAV aerial imagery of long-term monitoring sites from the CanadaUS border to King Point, as well as sites in Amundsen Bay, and iii. ultra high-resolution surveys of coastal settlements using RTK-UAV in collaboration with communities aiming at improving coastal hazard assessment (e.g. Tuktoyaktuk and Paulatuk). This presentation shows the updates from this integrated coastal assessment with the field data from the summer of 2019.
The Role of Driving Energy and Delocalised States for Charge Separation in Organic Semiconductors
Creators: name: Bakulin, Artem A.
name: Rao, Akshay
name: Pavelyev, Vlad G.
name: van Loosdrecht, Paul H. M.
name: Pshenichnikov, Maxim S.
name: Niedzialek, Dorota
name: Cornil, Jérôme
name: Beljonne, David
name: Friend, Richard H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron-hole pair created via photon absorption in organic photoconversion systems must overcome the Coulomb attraction to achieve long-range charge separation. We show that this process is facilitated through the formation of excited, delocalized band states. In our experiments on organic photovoltaic cells, these states were accessed for a short time (<1ps) via IR optical excitation of electron-hole pairs bound at the heterojunction. Atomistic modelling showed that the IR photons promote bound charge pairs to delocalised band states, similar to those formed just after singlet exciton dissociation, which indicates that such states act as the gateway for charge separation. Our results suggest that charge separation in efficient organic photoconversion systems, occurs through hot-state charge delocalisation rather than energy-gradient-driven intermolecular hopping.
Smoking Habits and Tar Levels in a New American Cancer Society Prospective Study of 1.2 Million Men and Women
Creators: name: Stellman, Steven D.
name: Garfinkel, Lawrence
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1986
Subjects: Oncology
Epidemiology
Public health

description: In 1982 the American Cancer Society (ACS) enrolled over 1.2 million American men and women in a prospective mortality study of cancer and other causes in relation to environmental and life-style factors. Biennial follow-up is planned through 1988. At the time of enrollment, 23.6% of the men and 20.0% of the women were current smokers of cigarettes. Compared with a similar ACS study of 1 million subjects enrolled 23 years earlier, among men the proportion of current smokers was halved and that of ex-smokers doubled, while among women the proportion of ever-smokers increased by 10% and that of ex-smokers quadrupled. Most smokers of filter cigarettes had smoked nonfiltered cigarettes earlier in life. The median year for switching to filters was 1964, the year of the first Surgeon General's report. More than one-third of male smokers' and one-half of female smokers' current brands had tar yields below 12 mg; less than 9% of male smokers' and 4% of female smokers' current brands had tar yields of 20.2 mg or more (nonfilters). The study population differed in many respects from the general U.S. population; the study population had, for example, a much higher average educational level. Nevertheless, distributions of smoking habits changed a few percentage points after adjustment to the educational level of the general population.
Additional file 3 of Developing principles for sharing information about potential trial intervention benefits and harms with patients: report of a modified Delphi survey
Creators: name: Svobodova, Martina
name: Jacob, Nina
name: Hood, Kerry
name: Gillies, Katie
name: Hale, Rachel
name: Bostock, Jennifer
name: Bower, Peter
name: Edwards, Adrian
name: Farthing, Penelope
name: Rawlinson, Sarah
name: Treweek, Shaun
name: Howick, Jeremy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3. Full round 1 results.
Réduction modale adaptée à la simulation thermique avec rayonnement : Application à une pièce dans un four industriel
Creators: name: Gaume, Benjamin
name: Joly, Frédéric
name: Quéméner, Olivier
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2020
Subjects: Rayonnement thermique
modèle réduit
réduction modale
radiosité
éléments finis

description: La simulation numérique d'applications industrielles telles que les satellites ou les fours, nécessitent une modélisation fine de l'ensemble des phénomènes physiques et plus particulièrement du rayonnement. Le rayonnement thermique de par sa forte non-linéarité et son intégration dans l'espace rend les simulations numériques couteuses tant en temps de calcul qu'en utilisation de mémoire. Nous proposons une méthode de réduction modale pour réduire un problème de transferts thermiques dominé par le rayonnement. A cette fin, la méthode AROMM (Amalgam Reduced Order Modal Model) [1], qui est une extension de la méthode BERM [2,3,4], préserve l'intégrité de la géométrie, est couplée à la méthode classique des radiosités. L'application traitée est une pièce de titane complexe chauffée par deux panneaux radiants placés dans un four. La méthode AROMM réduit d'un facteur 100 le temps de calcul nécessaire pour obtenir la solution, tout en maintenant une erreur moyenne inférieure à 0,1\%. Ces très bonnes performances ouvrent la voie à une procédure de contrôle ou d'identification dans un délai raisonnable pour ce type d'applications. {\footnotesize \noindent ~[1] B. Gaume, F. Joly and O. Quéméner, Modal reduction for a problem of heat transfer with radiation in an enclosure, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 141 (2019) 779-788. \noindent ~[2] S. Carmona, Y. Rouizi, O. Quéméner, F. Joly, and A. Neveu. Estimation of heat flux by using reduced model and the adjoint method. application to a brake disc rotating. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 131:94 – 104, 2018. \noindent ~[3] S. Carmona, Y. Rouizi, and O. Quéméner. Spatio-temporal identification of heat flux density using reduced models. application to a brake pad. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 128:1048 – 1063, 2019. \noindent ~[4] O. Quéméner, A. Neveu, and E. Videcoq. A specific reduction method for branch modal formulation: Application to highly non linear configuration. Int. J. Thermal Sci., 46(9):890–907, 2006.}
Permafrost thaw in the coastal Russian Arctic : interconnectedness of cultural & material dimensions
Creators: name: Doloisio, Natalia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: permafrost thaw
Yakutia
culture

description: Oral presentation at the French-Russian Workshop “Environmental Changes in Siberia”, 21st October 2019, Cité internationale Universitaire de Paris, France.
A Qualitative Examination of Health and Health Care Utilization after the September 11th Terror Attacks among World Trade Center Health Registry Enrollees
Creators: name: Welch, Alice E.
name: Caramanica, Kimberly
name: Debchoudhury, Indira
name: Pulizzi, Allison
name: Farfel, Mark R.
name: Stellman, Steven D.
name: Cone, James E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Public health
Environmental health
Health services administration
Medical care

description: Background
Many individuals who have 9/11-related physical and mental health symptoms do not use or are unaware of 9/11-related health care services despite extensive education and outreach efforts by the World Trade Center (WTC) Health Registry (the Registry) and various other organizations. This study sought to evaluate Registry enrollees’ perceptions of the relationship between physical and mental health outcomes and 9/11, as well as utilization of and barriers to 9/11-related health care services.

Methods
Six focus groups were conducted in January 2010 with diverse subgroups of enrollees, who were likely eligible for 9/11-related treatment services. The 48 participants were of differing race/ethnicities, ages, and boroughs of residence. Qualitative analysis of focus group transcripts was conducted using open coding and the identification of recurring themes.

Results
Participants described a variety of physical and mental symptoms and conditions, yet their knowledge and utilization of 9/11 health care services were low. Participants highlighted numerous barriers to accessing 9/11 services, including programmatic barriers (lack of program visibility and accessibility), personal barriers such as stigmatization and unfamiliarity with 9/11-related health problems and services, and a lack of referrals from their primary care providers. Moreover, many participants were reluctant to connect their symptoms to the events of 9/11 due to lack of knowledge, the amount of time that had elapsed since 9/11, and the attribution of current health symptoms to the aging process.

Conclusions
Knowledge of the barriers to 9/11-related health care has led to improvements in the Registry’s ability to refer eligible enrollees to appropriate treatment programs. These findings highlight areas for consideration in the implementation of the new federal WTC Health Program, now funded under the James Zadroga 9/11 Health and Compensation Act (PL 111-347), which includes provisions for outreach and education.

Keywords:
September 11, 2001, 9/11; World Trade Center Health Registry; Health care utilization; Barriers to care; Focus groups
Additional file 4 of Developing principles for sharing information about potential trial intervention benefits and harms with patients: report of a modified Delphi survey
Creators: name: Svobodova, Martina
name: Jacob, Nina
name: Hood, Kerry
name: Gillies, Katie
name: Hale, Rachel
name: Bostock, Jennifer
name: Bower, Peter
name: Edwards, Adrian
name: Farthing, Penelope
name: Rawlinson, Sarah
name: Treweek, Shaun
name: Howick, Jeremy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 4. Summary round 1 results.
The Extent and Patterns of Usage of Agent Orange and Other Herbicides in Vietnam
Creators: name: Stellman, Jeanne M.
name: Stellman, Steven D.
name: Christian, Richard
name: Weber, Tracy
name: Tomasallo, Carrie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agent Orange--War use
Herbicides--War use
Vietnam War, 1961-1975
Public health

description: Herbicides including Agent Orange were sprayed by United States forces for military purposes during the Vietnam War (1961–1971) at a rate more than an order of magnitude greater than for similar domestic weed control. In 1974, the US National Academy of Sciences published estimates of the extent and distribution of herbicides sprayed. Here we present revised estimates, developed using more-complete data. The spray inventory is expanded by more than seven million litres, in particular with heavily dioxin-contaminated herbicides. Estimates for the amount of dioxin sprayed are almost doubled. Hamlet census data reveal that millions of Vietnamese were likely to have been sprayed upon directly. Our identification of specific military herbicide targets has led to a more coherent understanding of spraying. Common errors in earlier interpretations of the spray data are also discussed.
Additional file 5 of Developing principles for sharing information about potential trial intervention benefits and harms with patients: report of a modified Delphi survey
Creators: name: Svobodova, Martina
name: Jacob, Nina
name: Hood, Kerry
name: Gillies, Katie
name: Hale, Rachel
name: Bostock, Jennifer
name: Bower, Peter
name: Edwards, Adrian
name: Farthing, Penelope
name: Rawlinson, Sarah
name: Treweek, Shaun
name: Howick, Jeremy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5. Full round 2 results.
Cancer Mortality Among Woodworkers
Creators: name: Stellman, Steven D.
name: Garfinkel, Lawrence
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Medicine, Industrial
Oncology
Epidemiology

description: The mortality experience of 10,322 men employed in woodworking industries was compared with that of 406,798 nonwoodworkers. All subjects were enrolled in an American Cancer Society study and followed prospectively from 1959 through 1972. Age-adjusted rates of death from all causes and from all cancers were not higher in the woodworker group, but excess rates were observed for cancers of the lung, stomach, and bladder, as well as nonmelanoma skin cancer and possibly leukemia. Woodworkers experienced significantly decreased rates of colon-rectum cancer and coronary heart disease. The elevated cancer rates could not be explained by cigarette smoking habits. If anything, there is evidence to suggest a possible interaction between employment in woodworking trades and heavy cigarette smoking, in increasing the risk of lung and bladder cancer.
Environmental Conservation and Mining: Between Experience and Expectation in the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: West, Paige
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Since the 1970s the residents of Maimafu village, a rural settlement in the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea, have been affected by both an environmental conservation project and a series of gold mining explorations on their lands. The paper examines this history of conservation and mining and shows how residents of Maimafu have struggled to interpret the promises made by ecologists and miners. Using stories about a mining study tour some residents took to the Porgera mine, the paper also discusses how people come to imagine what their future might look like if mining begins taking place on their lands.
Ultrafast carrier dynamics in thin-films of the topological insulator Bi2Se3
Creators: name: Glinka, Yuri D.
name: Babakiray, Sercan
name: Johnson, Trent A.
name: Holcomb, Mikel B.
name: Lederman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient reflectivity measurements of thin films, ranging from 6 to 40 nm in thickness, of the topological insulator Bi2Se3 revealed a strong dependence of the carrier relaxation time on the film thickness. For thicker films the relaxation dynamics are similar to those of bulk Bi2Se3, where the contribution of the bulk insulating phase dominates over that of the surface metallic phase. The carrier relaxation time shortens with decreasing film thickness, reaching values comparable to those of noble metals. This effect may result from the hybridization of Dirac cone states at the opposite surfaces for the thinnest films.
Experimental study of the structure of chalcogenide glassy semiconductors in three-component systems of Ge-As-Se and As-Sb-Se by means of NQR and EPR spectroscopy
Creators: name: Bolebrukh, O. N.
name: Sinyavsky, N. Ya.
name: Korneva, I. P.
name: Dobosz, B.
name: Ostafin, M.
name: Nogaj, B.
name: Krzyminiewski, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of chalcogenide glassy semiconductors in three-component systems of Ge-As-Se and As-Sb-Se has been studied by means of both NQR and EPR spectroscopy. Investigation of mutual local coordination of atoms has been performed. The results are presented for various ways of combining structural units to provide medium and long-range chemical order of chalcogenide glasses. It appears that for the Ge-As-Se system the structural transition from a two-dimensional to three-dimensional structure occurs at r = 2.45.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Tourism as Science and Science as Tourism: Environment, Society, Self, and Other in Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: West, Paige
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The experience of villagers in Maimafu, in the Crater Mountain Wildlife Management Area of the Eastern Highlands of Papua New Guinea, calls attention to two forms of social interaction between rural people and outsiders that have been little examined in the anthropological literature. One of these is scientific research and the other is scientific tourism, a form of ecotourism that is linked not to science but to self‐fashioning and individual gain. Scientific tourists may be seeking an educational adventure that they can turn into symbolic capital on their return home, a way into the world of science, or an experience that can be turned into economic capital through publication in popular magazines. For both researchers and scientific journalists, New Guinea combines the exotic, the about‐to‐be‐lost, the primitive, the untouched, and the spectacular and is therefore a powerful space for imaginary and representational practice.
Effets thermiques des oxydes au cours de la mise en forme à haute température de roues pour le ferroviaire
Creators: name: Serebriakov, Ivan
name: Méresse, Damien
name: Moreau, Philippe
name: Puchi-Cabrera, Eli Saul
name: Dubar, Laurent
name: La Barbera Sosa, Jose Gregorio
name: Salengro, Stéphane
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2020
Subjects: Oxyde
Forgeage à chaud
Barrière thermique

description: La fabrication de roues pour l'industrie ferroviaire à grande vitesse est réalisée à haute température en plusieurs étapes. La première étape concerne la chauffe de la billette en nuance d'acier : la billette est chauffée progressivement dans des fours à gaz pendant 4h jusqu'à la température de 1325$^{\circ}$C. La billette est ensuite transportée jusqu'à sa zone de décalaminage puis acheminée vers les outils de forgeage (Temps moyen de transfert four/outils de forgeage : 40 s.). La mise en forme est alors réalisée en deux étapes afin d'obtenir une ébauche puis la pièce finale forgée. Des opérations de perçages et laminages terminent le processus de fabrication de la roue. La présence importante et la création d'oxydes avant et après le décalaminage affectent énormément les étapes de forgeage de la roue. Si les travaux antérieurs se sont principalement intéressés aux pouvoirs lubrifiants ou abrasifs des oxydes, peu de travaux ont étudié les conséquences thermiques pendant la mise en forme à haute température. La couche d'oxyde est constituée de wustite, de magnétite et d'hématite. La composition de la couche est fonction de la température. A 700$^{\circ}$C (température d'interface lors du forgeage) la couche est constituée de 95\% de wustite et de 5\% de magnétite et d'hématite. Cette couche d'oxydes se crée très rapidement et atteint, dans notre cas, plus de 5\% du volume total de la billette avant décalaminage. Avec des caractéristiques thermiques des oxydes éloignées des caractéristiques thermiques de l'acier (notamment la conductivité thermique des oxydes qui est 10 fois moindres que celle de l'acier) et l'influence de l'émissivité, l'impact sur la distribution de températures est important et ne peut être négligé. En effet, dans les plages de variation de température considérées, la loi de comportement de l'acier évolue de façon significative et induit des écarts importants sur les efforts de forgeage prédits. Dans cette étude, nous avons modélisé par Eléments Finis le processus de mise en forme en prenant en compte les couches d'oxydes jusqu'aux étapes de forgeage. L'analyse thermique montre précisément le rôle de barrière thermique qu'ont les oxydes et l'impact sur la mise en forme à haute température de la roue ferroviaire. La confrontation avec des mesures thermiques effectuées sur le site industriel de MG-Valdunes permet la validation de notre modélisation et de notre démarche.
Etude comparative de l'échauffement dans un toron de 12 fils pour 3 dispositions données
Creators: name: Petitgirard, Julien
name: Baucour, Philippe
name: Chamagne, Didier
name: Fouillien, Eric
name: Delmare, Jean-Christophe
name: Mosser, Dominique
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2020
Subjects: faisceau électrique
toron de fil
échauffement
expérimental
dispositions aléatoires

description: Les faisceaux électriques dans les moyens de transport doivent répondre à de plus en plus d'exigences et de contraintes tel que l'augmentation du nombre de fils liée à la complexité croissante des systèmes embarqués, la diversité importante compte tenu des différentes configurations proposées aux clients, la variabilité de l'environnement thermique, la réduction de l'espace disponible pour le cheminement. En vue de dimensionner les faisceaux de manière optimale (en termes de qualité, de coût, de durabilité et de sûreté de fonctionnement), il est important de comprendre le comportement thermique interne au toron. Le processus de fabrication des faisceaux étant principalement manuel, il induit une variabilité importante dans la position des fils au sein des torons. De plus, la présence de fils dits de "communication" très peu alimentés peut servir de dissipateur thermique tandis que la présence de fils dits de "puissance" favorise l'échauffement thermique. Des essais expérimentaux sont présentés afin d'apprécier le comportement thermique d'un toron de 12 fils dont 6 sont alimentés. Les torons ont été peignés afin d'obtenir 3 dispositions maîtrisées qui ont été testées. Le but de cette étude est de montrer l'impact de la position des fils alimentés dans un toron. Dans un premier cas, les fils alimentés sont concentrés vers le centre du toron. Dans un deuxième cas, les fils alimentés sont positionnés l'extérieur du toron et dans un dernier cas, les fils de faibles sections (alimentés ou non) sont concentrés au centre. Cette étude montre un niveau d'échauffement différent notable dans les fils non alimentés. De plus, il est possible de projeter une tendance de disposition à privilégier pour mieux distribuer la chaleur générée par effet Joule. Cette étude expérimentale est complétée par une comparaison avec un modèle thermique 2D. Ce modèle thermique est basé sur une résolution d'un réseau nodal qui permettra par la suite de se substituer à ces essais.
An Efficient Self-optimized Sampling Method for Rare Events in Nonequilibrium Systems
Creators: name: Jiang, Huijun
name: Pu, Mingfeng
name: Hou, Zhonghuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare events such as nucleation processes are of ubiquitous importance in real systems. The most popular method for nonequilibrium systems, forward flux sampling (FFS), samples rare events by using interfaces to partition the whole transition process into sequence of steps along an order parameter connecting the initial and final states. FFS usually suffers from two main difficulties: low computational efficiency due to bad interface locations and even being not applicable when trapping into unknown intermediate metastable states. In the present work, we propose an approach to overcome these difficulties, by self-adaptively locating the interfaces on the fly in an optimized manner. Contrary to the conventional FFS which set the interfaces with euqal distance of the order parameter, our approach determines the interfaces with equal transition probability which is shown to satisfy the optimization condition. This is done by firstly running long local trajectories starting from the current interface $ł_i$ to get the conditional probability distribution $P_c$, and then determining $ł_{i+1}$ by equalling $P_c$ to a give value $p_0$. With these optimized interfaces, FFS can be run in a much efficient way. In addition, our approach can conveniently find the intermediate metastable states by monitoring some special long trajectories that nither end at the initial state nor reach the next interface, the number of which will increase sharply from zero if such metastable states are encountered. We apply our approach to a model two-state system and a two-dimensional lattice gas Ising model. Our approach is shown to be much more efficient than the conventional FFS method without losing accuracy, and it can also well reproduce the two-step nucleation scenario of the Ising model with easy identification of the intermidiate metastable state.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 6 of Developing principles for sharing information about potential trial intervention benefits and harms with patients: report of a modified Delphi survey
Creators: name: Svobodova, Martina
name: Jacob, Nina
name: Hood, Kerry
name: Gillies, Katie
name: Hale, Rachel
name: Bostock, Jennifer
name: Bower, Peter
name: Edwards, Adrian
name: Farthing, Penelope
name: Rawlinson, Sarah
name: Treweek, Shaun
name: Howick, Jeremy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 6. Consensus meeting statements.