cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Academic resilience, academic buoyancy and the motivation and engagement scale : a construct validity approach
Creators: name: Stephens, KH
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: University students navigate a variety of adversities throughout their studies. Academic resilience and academic buoyancy reflect a student's ability to cope with major maladaptive adversity or low-level impeding adversity respectively. This study investigated whether academic resilience and academic buoyancy can be empirically differentiated using the Academic Resilience Scale (ARS) and Academic Buoyancy Scale (ABS) developed by Martin and Marsh (2006, 2008a). Construct validity was assessed for both scales, as well as the Motivation and Engagement Scale University-College (MES-UC) also developed by Martin (2009). The total sample comprised 761 university students (575 females, 186 males) who completed the ARS and ABS, a sub-sample of which (44; 26 females, 18 males) completed further scales including the MES-UC, Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) (Pintrich, Smith, Garcia, & McKeachie, 1991), Academic Resilience Scale 30 (ARS-30) (Cassidy, 2016) and revised Adult Attachment Scale (AAS-r) (Collins, 1996). Correlational analyses established a significant strong positive correlation between the ARS and ABS. The MES-UC was found to be a relatively appropriate measure of motivation and engagement constructs as evidenced by a significant moderate positive correlation with the MSLQ, and a weak positive correlation with the AAS-r. The ARS and ABS showed nonsignificant weak negative correlations with the AAS-r, but did not correlate with the ARS-30, suggesting they may be measuring constructs unrelated to academic resilience. Theoretically, these results call for Martin and Marsh's predictive model, factors and literature around academic resilience and academic buoyancy to be revised, and for the merit of research and assessments using their respective scales to be re-evaluated. Practically, a single global scale reflecting academic resilience and academic buoyancy as different levels of one construct may be beneficial for strategic interventions and assessments of students in the future.
The Puzzling Frequencies of CEMP and NEMP Stars
Creators: name: Pols, O. R.
name: Izzard, R. G.
name: Glebbeek, E.
name: Stancliffe, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of binary population simulations of carbon- and nitrogen-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP and NEMP) stars. We show that the observed paucity of very nitrogen-rich stars puts strong constraints on possible modifications of the initial mass function at low metallicity.
description: 3 pages, contribution to "The Origin of the Elements Heavier than Iron" in honor of the 70th birthday of Roberto Gallino, Torino, Italy, September 2008
Self-Propelled Rods near Surfaces
Creators: name: Elgeti, Jens
name: Gompper, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behavior of self-propelled nano- and micro-rods in three dimensions, confined between two parallel walls, by simulations and scaling arguments. Our simulations include thermal fluctuations and hydrodynamic interactions, which are both relevant for the dynamical behavior at nano- to micrometer length scales. In order to investigate the importance hydrodynamic interactions, we also perform Brownian-dynamics-like simulations. In both cases, we find that self-propelled rods display a strong surface excess in confined geometries. An analogy with semi-flexible polymers is employed to derive scaling laws for the dependence on the wall distance, the rod length, and the propulsive force. The simulation data confirm the scaling predictions.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures
The Multiple Zeta Value Data Mine
Creators: name: Blümlein, J.
name: Broadhurst, D. J.
name: Vermaseren, J. A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a data mine of proven results for multiple zeta values (MZVs) of the form $ζ(s_1,s_2,...,s_k)=\sum_{n_1>n_2>...>n_k>0}^\infty \{1/(n_1^{s_1} >... n_k^{s_k})\}$ with weight $w=\sum_{i=1}^k s_i$ and depth $k$ and for Euler sums of the form $\sum_{n_1>n_2>...>n_k>0}^\infty t\{(ε_1^{n_1} >...ε_1 ^{n_k})/ (n_1^{s_1} ... n_k^{s_k}) \}$ with signs $ε_i=\pm1$. Notably, we achieve explicit proven reductions of all MZVs with weights $w\le22$, and all Euler sums with weights $w\le12$, to bases whose dimensions, bigraded by weight and depth, have sizes in precise agreement with the Broadhurst--Kreimer and Broadhurst conjectures. Moreover, we lend further support to these conjectures by studying even greater weights ($w\le30$), using modular arithmetic. To obtain these results we derive a new type of relation for Euler sums, the Generalized Doubling Relations. We elucidate the "pushdown" mechanism, whereby the ornate enumeration of primitive MZVs, by weight and depth, is reconciled with the far simpler enumeration of primitive Euler sums. There is some evidence that this pushdown mechanism finds its origin in doubling relations. We hope that our data mine, obtained by exploiting the unique power of the computer algebra language {\sc form}, will enable the study of many more such consequences of the double-shuffle algebra of MZVs, and their Euler cousins, which are already the subject of keen interest, to practitioners of quantum field theory, and to mathematicians alike.
Additional file 4 of Time‑resolved transcriptome analysis during transitions of sulfur nutritional status provides insight into triacylglycerol (TAG) and astaxanthin accumulation in the green alga Chromochloris zofingiensis
Creators: name: Mao, Xuemei
name: Lao, Yongmin
name: Sun, Han
name: Li, Xiaojie
name: Yu, Jianfeng
name: Chen, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4.: Fig. S1. Carotenoids contents after 4-days culture. (a) Astaxanthin forms composition (b) α-carotene content (c) total carotenoids content. Fig. S2. Volcano plot of DEGs. (a) SS-6 h (b) SS-12 h (c) SS-24 h (d) SS-48 h (e) SR-12 h. Fig. S3. KEGG pathway classification and of DEGs. (a-b) KEGG pathway classification in SS-6 h (0 h as control) and SR-12 h (SS-48 h as control) (c-d) KEGG pathway functional enrichment in SS-6 h (0 h as control) and SR-12 h (SS-48 h as control). Fig. S4. Transcriptional regulation at SS-6 h (0 h as control). (a) KEGG pathway of “photosynthesis-antenna protein” (b) KEGG pathway of “proteasome”. The red and blue boxes indicate up-regulation and down-regulation respectively. Fig. S5. Hierarchical cluster analysis of DEGs responding to both SS and SR in enriched KEGG pathways. Fig. S6. Transcriptional regulation in KEGG pathway of “photosynthesis”. (a) SS-6 h (0 h as control) (b) SR-12 h (SS-48 h as control). The red and blue boxes indicate up-regulation and down-regulation respectively. Fig. S7. RT-PCR results of β-CT (a), DGTT5 (b) and BKT1 (c) at early SS. Table S1. Reads number and mapping ratio of RNA profiling. Table S2. Expression patterns of genes involved in TAG, astaxanthin biosynthesis and central carbon mechanism. Table S3. Fatty acid composition of TAG and TFA after 4-days culture. Table S4. ROS abundance in C. zofingiensis under different status.
Hierarchical spatial models for predicting tree species assemblages across large domains
Creators: name: Finley, Andrew O.
name: Banerjee, Sudipto
name: McRoberts, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatially explicit data layers of tree species assemblages, referred to as forest types or forest type groups, are a key component in large-scale assessments of forest sustainability, biodiversity, timber biomass, carbon sinks and forest health monitoring. This paper explores the utility of coupling georeferenced national forest inventory (NFI) data with readily available and spatially complete environmental predictor variables through spatially-varying multinomial logistic regression models to predict forest type groups across large forested landscapes. These models exploit underlying spatial associations within the NFI plot array and the spatially-varying impact of predictor variables to improve the accuracy of forest type group predictions. The richness of these models incurs onerous computational burdens and we discuss dimension reducing spatial processes that retain the richness in modeling. We illustrate using NFI data from Michigan, USA, where we provide a comprehensive analysis of this large study area and demonstrate improved prediction with associated measures of uncertainty.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOAS250 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
A generalization of Thom's transversality theorem
Creators: name: Vokřínek, Lukáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R35, 57R45

description: We prove a generalization of Thom's transversality theorem. It gives conditions under which the jet map $f_*|_Y:Y\subseteq J^r(D,M)\ra J^r(D,N)$ is generically (for $f:M\ra N$) transverse to a submanifold $Z\subseteq J^r(D,N)$. We apply this to study transversality properties of a restriction of a fixed map $g:M\ra P$ to the preimage $(j^sf)^{-1}(A)$ of a submanifold $A\subseteq J^s(M,N)$ in terms of transversality properties of the original map $f$. Our main result is that for a reasonable class of submanifolds $A$ and a generic map $f$ the restriction $g|_{(j^sf)^{-1}(A)}$ is also generic. We also present an example of $A$ where the theorem fails.
Polaron Recombination in Pristine and Annealed Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Deibel, C.
name: Baumann, A.
name: Wagenpfahl, A.
name: Dyakonov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The major loss mechanism of photogenerated polarons was investigated in P3HT:PCBM solar cells by the photo-CELIV technique. For pristine and annealed devices, we find that the experimental data can be explained by a bimolecular recombination rate reduced by a factor of about ten (pristine) and 25 (annealed) as compared to Langevin theory. Aided by a macroscopic device model, we discuss the implications of the lowered loss rate on the characteristics of polymer:fullerene solar cells.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
Predicting miscalibration of academic self-efficacy in first-year university undergraduates
Creators: name: Thomas, LT
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Academic self-efficacy is traditionally viewed as one of the most important non-intellective determinants of performance outcomes in student populations. However, undergraduate students are particularly prone to miscalibration‚ÄövÑvp, whereby their self-efficacy beliefs do not align with their performance outcomes. Typically, students believe they are capable of higher performance outcomes than those they achieve. However, little is known about what underlies miscalibration of academic self-efficacy miscalibration. The aim in the present study was therefore to explore potential predictors of academic self-efficacy miscalibration in undergraduate university students. The study investigated the influence of a range of characteristics on the likelihood of being overconfident, underconfident, or calibrated. Participants were 85 undergraduate psychology students, who completed a 64-item online questionnaire assessing intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, task value, internal attribution of success, external attribution of failure, previous experience in pre-tertiary psychology, Australian Tertiary Admissions Ranking (ATAR) scores, perfectionistic self-presentation, and sex. Participants were prone to miscalibration overall; though in this sample, most were underconfident. Multinomial logistic regression models provided support for the influence extrinsic and intrinsic motivation and task value, the internal attribution of success, pre-tertiary psychology completion, and ATAR scores. Furthermore, several hypotheses were only partially supported; predictor variables differentiated between students according to their calibration group, but not in the anticipated direction. Students were prone to miscalibration nonetheless, thus indicating that educational interventions that specifically target under-confidence in university undergraduates may be necessary.
Sex differences in fear conditioning and extinction
Creators: name: Blackley, H
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Females have a known vulnerability to developing anxiety disorders. Greater fear conditioning and impaired fear extinction are proposed underlying mechanisms of anxiety disorder development. The aim of the current study was to examine sex differences in fear conditioning, extinction and reinstatement of fear whilst controlling for levels of sex hormones. It was anticipated that females, tested when their estrogen and progesterone is low, would have reduced fear conditioning but impaired fear extinction, compared to males. Skin conductance and ratings of threat expectancy were recorded for 36 undergraduates who underwent a differential fear conditioning, extinction and reinstatement paradigm. Results suggest there were no sex differences in the overall magnitude of fear acquisition and extinction for SCR amplitude. However, males displayed greater generalised SCR amplitude at the start of extinction, and more rapid fear SCR reduction in this phase, though not only to the feared stimulus, and greater reinstatement of fear for SCR amplitude. On the other hand, females displayed greater threat expectancy ratings in the acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement phases. These findings are broadly consistent with previous literature and highlight an interesting differential response between SCR and cognitive threat expectancy between males and females during fear conditioning, extinction and reinstatement.
The Rational qKZ Equation and Shifted Non-Symmetric Jack Polynomials
Creators: name: Kakei, Saburo
name: Nishizawa, Michitomo
name: Saito, Yoshihisa
name: Takeyama, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39A13; 33C52; 81R50

description: We construct special solutions to the rational quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation associated with the Lie algebra $gl_N$. The main ingredient is a special class of the shifted non-symmetric Jack polynomials. It may be regarded as a shifted version of the singular polynomials studied by Dunkl. We prove that our solutions contain those obtained as a scaling limit of matrix elements of the vertex operators of level one.
description: no figure, we gave a proof of the conjecture in the second version; we modified section 4.2 of the first version to correct an error in Proposition 4.4 and give more general result
Study of molecular motion on main group III and V addition complexes by broadline and pulse NMR.
Creators: name: Ang, Tian Tse
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The proton magnetic resonance absorption and spin-lattice relaxation measurements have been carried out on Me₃N-BMe₃, Me₃N-AℓMe₃, Me₃P-BMe₃, Me₃P,Me₃B, Me₂NH-BMe₃, Me₂NH- AℓMe₃, Me₃NBBr₃, Me^NBB^, and trimethylamine-halogen complexes in order to study the molecular motion and phase transitions of these complexes in the solid state between 77 K to their melting points. The activation energies and rate parameters associated with these motional processes are reported. The second moment data of all the trimethyl amine addition complexes indicate the methyl groups attached to nitrogen are all rigid (as far as the nmr second moment is concerned) at liquid nitrogen temperature and at higher temperature the methyl groups as well as the trimethylamine moiety rotate with a frequency greater than about 10 kHz. The methyl groups rotate prior to the rotation of the trimethylamine moiety in all but the Me₃N-Br₂ and Me₃N-BMe₃ complexes. The present study concludes that if the intermolecular contributions to the activation energies for methyl group reorientations are of the same order, the activation energies for the methyl groups follow the trend of the stability of the trimethyl amine complexes. The second moment data show that the methyl groups attached to boron, phosphorus and aluminium are all reorientating at 77 K at a rate faster than about 10 kHz. The relaxation studies conclude that the activation energies for the three methyl groups attached to various central atoms decrease in the order N > C > B > Si > Aℓ. Comparison of the calculated and experimental minimum for methyl group reorientation suggests that there is small distortion of the C₃ potential well, and comparison of the calculated and experimental pre-exponential factors suggests that the activation energy for rotation of the whole molecule or the moiety is temperature dependent.
Hidden Galilean symmetry, conservation laws and emergence of spin current in the soliton sector of chiral helimagnet
Creators: name: Bostrem, I. G.
name: Kishine, J.
name: Lavrov, R. V.
name: Ovchinnikov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the spin current problem in chiral helimagnet, we rigorously elucidated the hidden Galilean invariance in the chiral XY model under the magnetic field. The Lie group analysis is applied to the differential equations of the continuum theory of the chiral helimagnet with the parity-violating Dzyaloshinskii-Morya coupling under a transversal magnetic field. Lie point symmetries and the invariant solutions under these symmetries are found. They present sliding solutions that come up as a consequence of breaking of both spin rotational symmetry by the external magnetic field and a parity violation due to the Dzyaloshinskii-Morya interaction. We found that variational symmetries are related with translations in space and time, the corresponding energy and momentum conservation laws are derived. We therefore succeeded in justifying the existence of the transport spin current in chiral helimagnet.
description: 14 pages
Efficacy of MiCBT for family carers : reducing psychological distress and improving mindfulness self-efficacy
Creators: name: Becker, TM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Empirical evidence to support the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in improving psychological well-being and mindfulness ability has been well documented in clinical populations, and more recently in non-clinical populations such as family carers. The current study evaluated the effectiveness of Mindfulnessintegrated Cognitive Behavioural therapy (MiCBT; Cayoun, 2011) delivered over a 9-week group program in a sample of 33 family carers. As hypothesised on the basis of previous research, family carers reported significant reductions in perceived levels of depression, anxiety and stress, and significant improvements in mindfulness-based self-efficacy and mindfulness-related skills over the duration of the program. Benefits were also maintained at 1-month follow-up. Correlation analyses indicated preliminary evidence for a negative relationship between carers' levels of stress and mindfulness-based self-efficacy. However, due to the small sample size, further research directions are suggested to confirm the effectiveness of MiCBT for family carers.
Effects of parallel ion motion on zonal flow generation in ion-temperature-gradient mode turbulence
Creators: name: Anderson, J.
name: Li, J.
name: Kishimoto, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of parallel ion motion for zonal flow generation in ion-temperature-gradient (ITG) mode turbulence is investigated with focus on the effects of acoustic modes and toroidicity on the zonal flow. One possible reason for the weak suppression of ITG turbulence by zonal flows found in experiments in the Columbia Linear Machine (CLM) [Phys. Plasmas {\bf 13} 055905 (2006)] might be due to the small toroidicity ($ε_n = 2L_n/R$) in the experiment. The zonal flow is often directly dependent on the ITG mode and the coupling of zonal flow to acoustic modes and hence is directly affected by any change of the relevant parameters. The model consists of the continuity, temperature and parallel ion momentum equations for the ITG turbulence. The zonal flow time evolution is described by a Hasegawa-Mima like equation and a fifth order zonal flow dispersion relation is derived. The results are interpreted in terms of quality of zonal flows, i.e., the ratio of growth rate and real frequency ($Q = Ω^{IM}/Ω^{RE}$). It is found that the quality of the zonal flow rapidly decreases with decreasing toroidicity.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Antecedents and consequences of eating and their role in obesity
Creators: name: Bower, J
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The aim of this research thesis was to provide a preliminary examination of the contextual antecedents and psychological drivers of individual eating patterns, and explore the relationship between these patterns and mechanisms that mediate body mass index (BMI). Two related studies focussed on the frequency of snacking behaviour, particularly consumption of energy-dense foods (Study I), and the role of stimulus dependence and hedonic response in maintaining snacking behaviour (Study 2). Using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) methodology, data were collected from 53 participants representing a range of BMI. For 10 consecutive days, participants were asked to log every instance of eating and drinking that occurred and to respond to survey questions about the situational context of eating episodes. Although the average snacking frequency was low overall, a relatively large proportion of food consumed was energy-dense, and higher BMI was shown to be significantly associated with increased frequency of snacking. Stimulus dependent (i.e. cue-driven) eating did have a role in participants' eating patterns, compared to hedonic (i.e. reward-driven) response which was not found to influence future eating decisions. However, neither of these eating motives was found to be associated with baseline BMI. These results give valuable insight into the complexity of individual eating patterns, and have important implications for weight management interventions and national health outcomes.
\ ... towardes the better attaynyng of thys langage ... \" : French as a subject for study in Early Tudor England"
Creators: name: Conway, RK
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: In January 1506, a storm forced Philip, Archduke of Austria and King of Castile and Leon, and his wife Joanna, sister of Catherine of Aragon the dowager princess of Wales, to land unexpectedly near Weymouth on the Dorset coast. As the traditional story goes, about twenty-year-old John Russell - the son of a relatively obscure, local gentry family with long and continuing mercantile ties with France - was called upon to act as translator and then to accompany the royal visitors to the court at Windsor. His performance at these tasks apparently so impressed Henry VII that Russell was soon appointed to the king's chamber. How young Russell acquired enough foreign language skills and cosmopolitan polish to be chosen for this opportunity and then make such an impression is not certain. He may have encountered foreigners through his family's trading activities in Weymouth or he may, as was claimed in the seventeenth century by Thomas Fuller, have been 'bred beyond the Seas' .1 Either way, this was not the traditional beginnings of a courtly career - typically a childhood spent in a noble or clerical household, followed perhaps by a period at university or the inns of court. French was clearly not the only skill he possessed. It needed much more than a flair for vernacular languages (he may have spoken Italian and Spanish as well) to succeed in his wide-ranging domestic and overseas appointments, including a number of undercover or espionage activities mostly in France; to weather the storms of Henry Vlll's marriages; to be a valued servant to four monarchs; and to be rewarded with increasingly important lands, properties, wealth and titles.
Electron-lattice interaction and its impact on high Tc superconductivity
Creators: name: Kresin, V. Z.
name: Wolf, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Colloquium, the main features of the electron-lattice interaction are discussed and high values of the critical temperature up to room temperature could be provided. While the issue of the mechanism of superconductivity in the high Tc cuprates continues to be controversial, one can state that there have been many experimental results demonstrating that the lattice makes a strong impact on the pairing of electrons. The polaronic nature of the carriers is also a manifestation of strong electron-lattice interaction. One can propose an experiment that allows an unambiguous determination of the intermediate boson (phonon, magnon, exciton, etc.) which provides the pairing. The electron-lattice interaction increases for nanosystems, and this is due to an effective increase in the density of states.
Bulk flows in Virasoro minimal models with boundaries
Creators: name: Fredenhagen, Stefan
name: Gaberdiel, Matthias R.
name: Schmidt-Colinet, Cornelius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behaviour of boundary conditions under relevant bulk perturbations is studied for the Virasoro minimal models. In particular, we consider the bulk deformation by the least relevant bulk field which interpolates between the mth and (m-1)st unitary minimal model. In the presence of a boundary this bulk flow induces an RG flow on the boundary, which ensures that the resulting boundary condition is conformal in the (m-1)st model. By combining perturbative RG techniques with insights from defects and results about non-perturbative boundary flows, we determine the endpoint of the flow, i.e. the boundary condition to which an arbitrary boundary condition of the mth theory flows to.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures. v4: Typo in fig. 2 corrected
A photoionisation mass spectrometric study of some stereoisomers
Creators: name: Akhtar, Zinat Mahal (Mia)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Photoionisation mass spectrometry has been used to study a number of stereoisomeric systems. Low resolution spectra were obtained for the epimers of 4-t-butylcyclohexanol, 4-t-butylcyclohexyl acetate, 4-t-butylcyclohexyl methyl ether and the 4, 3, and 2 methyl substituted cyclohexanols using the He 584 Å radiation and the Lyman a radiation for ionisation. Analogues labelled with deuterium at specific positions were also prepared for all the molecules studied. The major fragments in the low resolution spectra were mass measured to determine the elemental composition. Possible fragmentation pathways are postulated for the different molecules studied making use of the information obtained from the labelled analogues, together with the high resolution results and any observed ions due to metastable transitions. The epimers of 4-t-butylcyclohexanol and 4-t-butylcyclohexyl methyl ether give rise to mass spectra which differ in the relative abundances of both the molecular ion and other major ions. The observed differences are explained in terms of the stereochemical arrangement of the atoms and groups in the respective isomers. The spectra obtained for cis and trans 4-t-butylcyclohexyl acetate are almost identical. The similarity is proposed to be due to the intervention of different mechanisms from that observed in the corresponding alcohols and ethers. An attempt is also made to discuss the results obtained for the various methyl cyclohexanols both in terms of the spatial arrangement and the position of the substituent.
NOAA First MODIS SST Reanalysis (MODIS RAN1) from Terra and Aqua
Creators: name: Jonasson, Olafur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This presentation was given by Olafur Jonasson during his GHRSST Talk on 18 December 2023 entitled: NOAA First MODIS SST Reanalysis (MODIS RAN1) from Terra and Aqua. You can find the full recording of the talk here: https://youtu.be/U1z_5vANJbE
Nucleon form factors with 2+1 flavor dynamical domain-wall fermions
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Takeshi
name: Aoki, Yasumichi
name: Blum, Tom
name: Lin, Huey-Wen
name: Ohta, Shigemi
name: Sasaki, Shoichi
name: Tweedie, Robert
name: Zanotti, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our numerical lattice QCD calculations of the isovector nucleon form factors for the vector and axialvector currents: the vector, induced tensor, axialvector, and induced pseudoscalar form factors. The calculation is carried out with the gauge configurations generated with N_f=2+1 dynamical domain wall fermions and Iwasaki gauge actions at beta = 2.13, corresponding to a cutoff 1/a = 1.73 GeV, and a spatial volume of (2.7 fm)^3. The up and down quark masses are varied so the pion mass lies between 0.33 and 0.67 GeV while the strange quark mass is about 12% heavier than the physical one. We calculate the form factors in the range of momentum transfers, 0.2 < q^2 < 0.75 GeV^2. The vector and induced tensor form factors are well described by the conventional dipole forms and result in significant underestimation of the Dirac and Pauli mean-squared radii and the anomalous magnetic moment compared to the respective experimental values. We show that the axialvector form factor is significantly affected by the finite spatial volume of the lattice. In particular in the axial charge, g_A/g_V, the finite volume effect scales with a single dimensionless quantity, m_pi L, the product of the calculated pion mass and the spatial lattice extent. Our results indicate that for this quantity, m_pi L > 6 is required to ensure that finite volume effects are below 1%.
description: 47 pages, 31 figures
Mechanism of permanganate oxidation of alkanes, arenes and related compounds
Creators: name: Spitzer, Udo Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The permanganate oxidation of alkanes and arenes has been studied in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA)-water. This solvent system has the unique advantage of being virtually inert to oxidative degradation and yet providing adequate solubilities for the reactants. The mechanistic investigation involved kinetic studies to determine the orders with respect to oxidant, substrate,and acid. Complementary techniques such as product studies, substituent effects, activation parameters, and isotope effects completed the mechanistic investigation. The oxidation of several alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones was also investigated to aid in the interpretation of the results. Because of the poor fit of the kinetic data with the previously determined H[sub O] function for TFA-water the H[sub R] function was determined using the Hammett approach of overlapping indicators. The identity of the oxidants in the acidic medium was established by cryoscopic and spectrophotometric means. It was found that the most vigorous oxidant was permanganyl ion (MnO₃⁺), with some contributing oxidation by both permanganic acid (HMnO₄) and permanganate ion (MnO₄⁻) in the case of easily oxidized compounds such as alcohols, aldehydes, or enols. The mechanism of the acidic permanganate oxidation of alkanes (ethane to n-tridecane) was found to proceed via rate-determining homolytic carbon-hydrogen bond scission as depicted below. [See Thesis for Diagrams] The -mechanism of arene oxidation was shown to proceed via rate-determining electrophilic attack by permanganyl ion on the aromatic ring to yield ring degradation products. Phenols are believed to be intermediates in this process as depicted below. [See Thesis for Diagrams] The mechanisms of the oxidation of alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, and formic acid were determined and shown to be consistent with mechanisms previously established under other conditions. The behaviour of two electrophiles, nitrosonium ion (NO⁺) and nitronium ion (NO₂⁺), generated respectively from sodium nitrite and sodium nitrate, was examined in the TFA-water medium. It was found that the nitronium ions thus generated could be successfully used to carry out electrophilic aromatic nitrations in excellent yields but that the nitrosonium ions were inert. It was also determined that the tetra(n-hexyl)ammonium permanganate salt could be prepared in good yield and used as an oxidant for a variety of substrates in benzene solution.
Accumlation by charities : do Australian legal restraints maintain an intergenerational balance?
Creators: name: Murray, IW
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Charities matter. They play critical roles in our economies and societies and we expect and receive much from them. The accumulation of assets by charities matters too as it raises profound ethical, economic and social considerations. These considerations are many. How should the public benefits produced by charities and affected by accumulation be shared between different generations? It is, after all, inherent in the notion of accumulation, that the delivery of some benefits will be deferred. Which generation(s) should decide that allocation of benefits? Might the decision-making discretion afforded to charity controllers over accumulation and the allocation of benefits increase agency costs and so reduce the level of public benefit achieved? This thesis examines the role played by legal constraints on accumulation in answering these questions. That is a critical task, as there has been limited doctrinal and normative analysis of the legal constraints upon accumulation by charities, particularly in Australia. It reveals that the legal restraints contain significant gaps in relation to the intergenerational distribution of benefits and to the balance of decisionmaking between generations. In particular, the thesis asserts that, to fill those gaps, there is room for reform to better identify and incorporate normative principles into the rules. Two reforms are proposed. First, charity controllers should be required to have regard to principles of intergenerational justice when exercising their powers, with accompanying mechanisms, such as more fulsome reporting, to support accountability. Intergenerational justice, which articulates the obligations owed to past and future generations including in relation to meeting basic social and economic needs of members of society, thus provides a normative basis for determining intergenerational distributional matters. Second, in the context of balancing decisionmaking between generations, it is argued that charity controllers should be given broader powers to disregard accumulation requirements, so as to afford greater decision-making freedom to current generations. That greater scope ought to apply where, without changing the broad category of charitable purpose, materially greater public benefit would be achieved by a more rigorous or efficient application of principles of intergenerational justice, or by the adoption of different principles of intergenerational justice. This approach is grounded in insights from intergenerational justice and from the cy-pr‚àö¬Æs reform debates about creator intent, the achievement of public benefit and disincentivising giving. Both reforms are intended to be implemented in ways that safeguard charity independence from government.
Rest-frame UV versus optical morphologies of galaxies using Sersic profile fitting: the importance of morphological K-correction
Creators: name: Rawat, Abhishek
name: Wadadekar, Yogesh
name: De Mello, Duilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show a comparison of the rest-frame UV morphologies of a sample of 162 intermediate redshift (median redshift 1.02) galaxies with their rest-frame optical morphologies. We select our sample from the deepest near-UV image obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) using the WFPC2 (F300W) as part of the parallel observations of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field campaign overlapping with the HST/ACS GOODS dataset. We perform single component Sersic fits in both WFPC2/F300W (rest-frame UV) and ACS/F850LP (rest-frame optical) bands and deduce that the Sersic index $n$ is estimated to be smaller in the rest-frame UV compared to the rest-frame optical, leading to an overestimation of the number of merger candidates by ~40-100% compared to the rest-frame optical depending upon the cutoff in $n$ employed for identifying merger candidates. This effect seems to be dominated by galaxies with low values of n(F300W) <= 0.5 that have a value of n(F850LP) ~ 1.0. We argue that these objects are probably clumpy starforming galaxies or minor mergers, both of which are essentially contaminants, if one is interested in identifying major mergers. In addition we also find evidence that the axis ratio b/a is lower, i.e. ellipticity (1-b/a) is higher in rest-frame UV compared to the rest-frame optical. Moreover, we find that in the rest-frame UV, the number of high ellipticity (e >= 0.8) objects are higher by a factor of ~2.8 compared to the rest-frame optical. This indicates that the reported dominance of elongated morphologies among high-z LBGs might just be a bias related to the use of rest-frame UV datasets in high-z studies.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Spectral Methods for Parameterized Matrix Equations
Creators: name: Constantine, Paul G.
name: Gleich, David F.
name: Iaccarino, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65T99

description: We apply polynomial approximation methods -- known in the numerical PDEs context as spectral methods -- to approximate the vector-valued function that satisfies a linear system of equations where the matrix and the right hand side depend on a parameter. We derive both an interpolatory pseudospectral method and a residual-minimizing Galerkin method, and we show how each can be interpreted as solving a truncated infinite system of equations; the difference between the two methods lies in where the truncation occurs. Using classical theory, we derive asymptotic error estimates related to the region of analyticity of the solution, and we present a practical residual error estimate. We verify the results with two numerical examples.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Chern-Simons Modified General Relativity
Creators: name: Alexander, Stephon
name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chern-Simons modified gravity is an effective extension of general relativity that captures leading-order, gravitational parity violation. Such an effective theory is motivated by anomaly cancelation in particle physics and string theory. In this review, we begin by providing a pedagogical derivation of the three distinct ways such an extension arises: (1) in particle physics, (2) from string theory and (3) geometrically. We then review many exact and approximate, vacuum solutions of the modified theory, and discuss possible matter couplings. Following this, we review the myriad astrophysical, solar system, gravitational wave and cosmological probes that bound Chern-Simons modified gravity, including discussions of cosmic baryon asymmetry and inflation. The review closes with a discussion of possible future directions in which to test and study gravitational parity violation.
description: 104 pages, 2 figures, 186 references, Invited Review accepted for publication in Phys. Repts. This version corrects a minor typo in Eq. (174) of the published version
Additional file 2 of Isolation of TSCD11 Gene for Early Chloroplast Development under High Temperature in Rice
Creators: name: Fang, Guonan
name: Yang, Shenglong
name: Ruan, Banpu
name: Liu, Chaolei
name: Zhang, Anpeng
name: Jiang, Hongzhen
name: Ding, Shilin
name: Tian, Biao
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Jahan, Noushin
name: Zhu, Li
name: Zhang, Guangheng
name: Dong, Guojun
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Zeng, Dali
name: Guo, Longbiao
name: Gao, Zhenyu
name: Qian, Qian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2 Table S1 Pigment contents of the WT and the tscd11 mutant Table S2 Agronomic characters of the WT and the tscd11 mutant. Table S3 Genetic analysis of tscd11. Table S4 Primers used for fine mapping. Table S5 Primers used for vector construction. Table S6 Primers used for qRT-PCR.
Using the minimum spanning tree to trace mass segregation
Creators: name: Allison, Richard J.
name: Goodwin, Simon P.
name: Parker, Richard J.
name: Zwart, Simon F. Portegies
name: de Grijs, Richard
name: Kouwenhoven, M. B. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to detect and quantify mass segregation in star clusters. It compares the minimum spanning tree (MST) of massive stars with that of random stars. If mass segregation is present, the MST length of the most massive stars will be shorter than that of random stars. This difference can be quantified (with an associated significance) to measure the degree of mass segregation. We test the method on simulated clusters in both 2D and 3D and show that the method works as expected. We apply the method to the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) and show that the method is able to detect the mass segregation in the Trapezium with a `mass segregation ratio' Λ_{MSR}=8.0 \pm 3.5 (where Λ_{MSR}=1 is no mass segregation) down to 16 \Msun, and also that the ONC is mass segregated at a lower level (~2.0 \pm 0.5) down to 5 \Msun. Below 5 \Msun we find no evidence for any further mass segregation in the ONC.
description: Accepted in MNRAS
Investigating the effect of subsoil manuring on soil arthropods in the northern midlands of Tasmania
Creators: name: Chapman, T
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: A study was carried out as part of a larger trial into the soil amelioration technique called subsoil manuring (SSM). This technique involves the use of a deep ripper to directly place organic amendments into the upper layer of the subsoil of duplex soils which have significant constraints to crop growth. In this study, soil arthropods were extracted from topsoil and subsoil samples from three sites (two irrigated and one dry land) on duplex soils in the northern midlands of Tasmania. There were a total of five different SSM treatments: control, deep-ripped only, and deep-ripped with a range of organic amendments including poultry manure and poppy seed meal. Arthropods were extracted from soil samples using a Burlese-Tullgren funnel apparatus and identified to arthropod order. Two orders, acari and collembola, were dominant and used for further analysis. The acari were further separated into the suborders mesostigmata and oribatida. Data from the sites was collected and analysed separately and then the mesostigmatid population between treatments was compared across all sites. There was a significantly higher abundance of mesostigmatid mites in the plots that had an organic amendment added to the subsoil. The dryland cereal site was more responsive to the treatments compared to the irrigated cropping sites.
Optimising grass seeding rates for improved establishment of perennial legumes in cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata) swards
Creators: name: Stevenson, K
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The effect of grass seeding rate on legume establishment was investigated in the low rainfall region of the Tasmanian midlands. Three clover species, Caucasian clover, Talish clover and red clover were paired with one of two cocksfoot species, summer active cocksfoot or winter active cocksfoot, at three different grass seeding rates 1 kg/ha, 3 kg/ha and 5 kg/ha. Successful establishment was defined as the maintenance of a clover proportion of 20-45% in the sward, and was determined using plant number. Successful establishment of all three clover species was achieved for the 5 month duration of the experiment. Clover proportions within the recommended range were recorded when Talish clover or Caucasian clover was sown with either cocksfoot species at the grass seeding rate of 3 kg/ha. The same result was achieved when red clover was paired with either cocksfoot species at the grass seeding rate of 5 kg/ha. Sowing treatments that contained red clover produced a significantly (P<0.05) greater biomass, than sowing treatments that contained Talish clover or Caucasian clover. The results of a parallel experiment conducted in a glasshouse at the University of Tasmania, highlighted several key differences between the species in morphology and development rate. A faster rate of leaf emergence, larger leaf area and larger shoot length were observed on cocksfoot seedlings than observed on Talish clover and Caucasian clover seedlings. Red clover seedling were observed to develop secondary stems, this contributed to their greater biomass production and improved performance relative to that of the other clover species. Issues of poor establishment previously reported for slow growing clover species, such as Caucasian clover and Talish clover, were overcome by pairing these species with cocksfoot at a lowered grass seeding rate.
Anomalies and Hawking fluxes from the black holes of topologically massive gravity
Creators: name: Porfyriadis, Achilleas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomaly cancelation method proposed by Wilczek et al. is applied to the black holes of topologically massive gravity (TMG) and topologically massive gravito-electrodynamics (TMGE). Thus the Hawking temperature and fluxes of the ACL and ACGL black holes are found. The Hawking temperatures obtained agree with the surface gravity formula. Both black holes are rotating and this gives rise to appropriate terms in the effective U(1) gauge field of the reduced (1+1)-dimensional theory. It is found that the terms in this U(1) gauge field correspond exactly to the correct angular velocities on the horizon of both black holes as well as the correct electrostatic potential of the ACGL black hole. So the results for the Hawking fluxes derived here from the anomaly cancelation method, are in complete agreement with the ones obtained from integrating the Planck distribution.
description: 15 pages, no figures, accepted in PLB, v2: references