cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Agglomeration vs. Heritage: The Molds and Plastics Industries in Portugal
Creators: name: Costa, Carla
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The evolution of regional industry clusters is examined by exploring two perspectives: the mechanisms driving the performance of one clustered industry, and the mechanisms and cross-industry effects driving the collocation of related industries and enhancing their performance in the clustered region. In the first study, the analysis focuses on one clustered industry (molds manufacture for injection-molded plastics fabrication). The second study broadens the scope to examine in more detail the linkages between two closely related industries (molds manufacture and injection-molded plastics manufacture). Two theories that aim to explain these phenomena are taken into consideration: agglomeration economies and organizational heritage. The settingfor this research is in Portugal, where the molds industry developed into world-class, high-technology leaders driven heavily by exports. When looking at one specific agglomerated industry characterized by a network of small,vertically disintegrated companies, we find that both mechanisms have significant effects on performance. However, effects associated with heritage through spinoffs seem to have a stronger impact. In addition, when looking at more advanced stages of the cluster’s evolution, we findevidence of durability of heritage effects in the growth and sustainment stages of the cluster life cycle. Results also point to the importance of spinoffs from related industries. When analyzing collocation of related industries, results imply that organizational reproduction through thetransmission of capabilities from parent firms in the related industry to spinoffs locating in the same region is the foremost driver of collocation of the molds and plastics injection industries. The presence of the plastics industry also has a positive impact on the molds industry, but theinverse relationship is not significant.
GIAOTracker: A comprehensive framework for MCMOT with global information and optimizing strategies in VisDrone 2021
Creators: name: Du, Yunhao
name: Wan, Junfeng
name: Zhao, Yanyun
name: Zhang, Binyu
name: Tong, Zhihang
name: Dong, Junhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, algorithms for multiple object tracking tasks have benefited from great progresses in deep models and video quality. However, in challenging scenarios like drone videos, they still suffer from problems, such as small objects, camera movements and view changes. In this paper, we propose a new multiple object tracker, which employs Global Information And some Optimizing strategies, named GIAOTracker. It consists of three stages, i.e., online tracking, global link and post-processing. Given detections in every frame, the first stage generates reliable tracklets using information of camera motion, object motion and object appearance. Then they are associated into trajectories by exploiting global clues and refined through four post-processing methods. With the effectiveness of the three stages, GIAOTracker achieves state-of-the-art performance on the VisDrone MOT dataset and wins the 3rd place in the VisDrone2021 MOT Challenge.
description: ICCV 2021 Workshop
Estimating the Supply Curve for Nutria Pelts From Coastal Louisiana and the Impacts Associated with Declining Prices
Creators: name: Dedah, Cheikhna O.
name: Isaacs, Jack C.
name: Keithly, Walter R.
name: Kazmierczak, Richard F.
name: Dedah, Cheikhna O.
name: Isaacs, Jack C.
name: Keithly, Walter R.
name: Kazmierczak, Richard F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Nutria harvests vary with price. As pelt prices declined, nutria populations - and wetland degradation - have risen. This paper develops a nutria supply model to predict harvests at various prices which are incorporated into a wetland loss model to determine how alternative incentive programs affect changes in wetland degradation.
From the open Heisenberg model to the Landau-Lifshitz equation
Creators: name: Norambuena, Ariel
name: Franco, Andrés
name: Coto, Raúl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic systems can be described by the classical Landau-Lifshitz (LL) equation or the fully quantum open Heisenberg model. Using the Lindblad master equation and the mean-field approximation, we demonstrate that the open Heisenberg model is reduced to a generalized LL equation. The open dynamic is modeled using spin-boson interactions with a common bosonic reservoir at thermal equilibrium. By tracing out the bosonic degrees of freedom, we obtain two different decoherence mechanisms: on-site dissipation and an effective spin-spin interaction mediated by bosons. Using our approach, we perform hysteresis calculations, closely connected with the Stoner-Wohlfarth theory. We compare the exact numerical master equation and the mean-field model, revealing the role of correlations originated by non-local interactions. Our work opens new horizons for the study of the LL dynamics from an open quantum formalism.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
IQF Catfish Retail Pack: A Study of Consumers' Willingness to Pay
Creators: name: Quagrainie, Kwamena K.
name: Quagrainie, Kwamena K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The study examined the potential for household-size packs of catfish fillets for grocery sales. Households would purchase 6-fillet packs in various packaging materials except in Styrofoam. The average price households are willing to pay is $4.37/lb. Households that prepare catfish fried have a higher probability of purchasing such retail packs.
Directly Measured Limit on the Interplanetary Matter Density from Pioneer 10 and 11
Creators: name: Nieto, Michael Martin
name: Turyshev, Slava G.
name: Anderson, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft had exceptional deep-space navigational capabilities. The accuracies of their orbit reconstruction were limited, however, by a small, anomalous, Doppler frequency drift that can be interpreted as an acceleration of (8.74 +/- 1.33) x 10^{-8} cm/s^2 directed toward the Sun. We investigate the possibility that this anomaly could be due to a drag on the spacecraft from their passing through the interplanetary medium. Although this mechanism is an appealing one, the existing Pioneer radiometric data would require an unexpectedly high mass density of interplanetary dust for this mechanism to work. Further, the magnitude of the density would have to be nearly constant at distances ~ 20-70 AU. Therefore, it appears that such an explanation is very unlikely, if not ruled out. Despite this, the measured frequency drift by itself places a directly-measured, model-independent limit of \lessim 3 x 10^{-19} g/cm^3 on the mass density of interplanetary dust in the outer(~20-70 AU) solar system. Lower experimental limits can be placed if one presumes a model that varies with distance. An example is the limit \lessim 6 x 10^{-20} g/cm^3 obtained for the model with an axially-symmetric density distribution that falls off as the inverse of the distance. We emphasize that the limits obtained are experimentally-measured, in situ limits. A mission to investigate the anomaly would be able to place a better limit on the density, or perhaps even to measure it.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, publication version
Influence of Cost Share and EQIP Incentive Payments on Adoptions of Best Management Practices by Louisiana Dairy Farmers
Creators: name: Gauthier, Wayne M.
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Westra, John V.
name: Hall, Larry M.
name: Gauthier, Wayne M.
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Westra, John V.
name: Hall, Larry M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Adoption of best management practices (BMPs) minimizes the negative externalities created by the manure by-product of milk production. Logistic regression procedure was used to understand the impact of socioeconomic attributes of Louisiana dairy farmers on BMP adoption decision relative to the cost share and incentive payment.
Anonymisation and Personal Data
Creators: name: Eizen Kimura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 80303 Computer System Security
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This Japanese document is the abridged translation of 'Anonymisation and Personal Data' by Finnish Social Science Data Archive.
On time-inhomogeneous controlled diffusion processes in domains
Creators: name: Dong, Hongjie
name: Krylov, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93E20, 90C40 (Primary)

description: Time-inhomogeneous controlled diffusion processes in both cylindrical and noncylindrical domains are considered. Bellman's principle and its applications to proving the continuity of value functions are investigated.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117906000000395 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Buddhism to Promote Learning Behaviors in Social Studies of High School Students as Sanghasamakkhiwitthaya School, Nakhon Phanom Province
Creators: name: YiKaew Somngam
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: Buddhism
Learning Behaviors
Social Studies
High School Students

description: International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews, 2, 1, 43-50
Charge and spin density distributions around Zn impurities in cuprates
Creators: name: Bersier, C.
name: Renold, S.
name: Stoll, E. P.
name: Meier, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of zinc substitution on the local electronic structure of several cuprates is investigated using first-principles cluster calculations. Clusters comprising 5, 9, and 13 copper atoms in the cuprate plane of La$_2$CuO$_4$, YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$, and YBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$ are used. Spin polarized calculations with different multiplicities in the framework of density functional theory enable a detailed study of the changes in the charge and spin density distribution induced by Zn substitution. Furthermore, doping with charge carriers in the above materials is simulated and the resulting changes in the charge distribution are compared to the changes induced by Zn impurities. These differences are then discussed in terms of a phenomenological model related to properties expected from the generic phase diagram. The effects of zinc substitution are rather local and as expected the absolute values of the Mulliken charges at both nearest and next nearest neighbor oxygens to Zn are larger than in the unsubstituted clusters. The calculated electric field gradient at Cu sites that are nearest neighbor to Zn is found to be somewhat larger than in the unsubstituted cluster whereas that of next nearest neighbors is about 5% smaller. We conclude that the satellite peak in the Cu NQR spectrum occurring upon Zn substitution in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$ and YBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$ has its origin at Cu that are next nearest neighbors to Zn.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Towards Scalable Automated Vulnerability Scanning & Exploitation
Creators: name: Booz, Jarrett
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Offensive security assessments, where expert hackers attack a network to document vulnerabilities that can be exploited, are one way to approach network security.These assessments provide useful insights but can often be time consuming and expensive. Automating offensive security assessments can decrease time and monetaryexpenses. Current works on automating offensive security assessments focus on exploitation or post-exploitation actions, but not both. We present the Scalable Automated Vulnerability scanning & Exploitation Tool (SAVE-T) which is comprised of additions to an existing automated tool for offensive security assessments. The additions made here add support for various architectures, exploitation capabilities, service fingerprinting, and enhanced decision making conditions. SAVE-T allows an automated system to perform both exploitation and post-exploitation actions to provide more coverage and reliability for automated offensive security assessments in a scalable manner.We demonstrate the tool on networks of increasing size containing Windows workstation operating systems from XP to Windows 10, Windows server operating systemsfrom Server '08 R2 to Server 2016, Ubuntu, and IoT devices such as Raspberry Pi and IP cameras.
Suppression of quantum chaos in a quantum computer hardware
Creators: name: Lages, J.
name: Shepelyansky, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical and analytical studies of a quantum computer proposed by the Yamamoto group in Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 017901 (2002). The stable and quantum chaos regimes in the quantum computer hardware are identified as a function of magnetic field gradient and dipole-dipole couplings between qubits on a square lattice. It is shown that a strong magnetic field gradient leads to suppression of quantum chaos.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, research done at http://www.quantware.ups-tlse.fr/
Data dictionary
Creators: name: Okoro, Johnson
name: Ekeroku., Ambrose
name: Nweze, Benedicta
name: Tobechukwu Odionye
name: Chinenye Ezeonwuka
name: Owoh, Jude
name: Martins Onuoha
name: Nkire, Joel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A table describing the data codes in the microsoft excel
D4.5 - ChildRescue Pilot Experimentation Documentation Release II
Creators: name: Child, The Smile Of The
name: Hellenic Red Cross
name: Child Focus
name: Suite5
name: SingularLogic
name: UBITECH
name: Frankfurt University
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: pilot experimentation
pilot implementation

description: This deliverable is related to the documentation of the ChildRescue pilots operation and execution. This report will
 mainly test and evaluate the second (and final) version of the ChildRescue platform.
Economics of Transporting Poultry Litter from Northwest Arkansas to Eastern Arkansas Croplands
Creators: name: Young, Kenneth B.
name: Carreira, Rita I.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Goodwin, Harold L.
name: Young, Kenneth B.
name: Carreira, Rita I.
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Goodwin, Harold L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Applying baled litter from northwest Arkansas shipped by truck with backhauls, supplemented with chemical fertilizers provided the most cost-efficient method to supply nutrients to crops in eastern Arkansas, according to a GAMS optimization. Shipping raw litter by truck and barge is the optimal choice when backhauls or baling is unavailable.
Demonstration of quantum telecloning of optical coherent states
Creators: name: Koike, Satoshi
name: Takahashi, Hiroki
name: Yonezawa, Hidehiro
name: Takei, Nobuyuki
name: Braunstein, Samuel L.
name: Aoki, Takao
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum cryptography promises in-principle secure communication between two parties via a quantum channel, with the ability to discover eavesdropping when it occurs. In 1999, a telecloning protocol was invented [M. Murao {\it et al}., Phys. Rev. A {\bf 59}, 156 (1999)] that provides a way for an eavesdropper to remotely monitor a quantum cryptographic channel such that even if eavesdropping is discovered, the identity and location of the eavesdropper is guaranteed uncompromised. Here we demonstrate unconditional telecloning experimentally for the first time. We symmetrically teleclone coherent states of light, achieving a fidelity for each clone of $F = 0.58 \pm 0.01$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Effects of Catfish, Crawfish, and Shrimp Imports on U.S. Domestic Prices
Creators: name: Lee, Young-Jae
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Lee, Young-Jae
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Recent increases in imports of catfish, crawfish, and shrimp have caused concern as to their impact on domestic prices. This study seeks to identify the linkages between imports of these goods and producer prices. Increases in imports of catfish and shrimp are shown to decrease related domestic prices. However, recent trends show a simultaneous increase in both imports and domestic prices of crawfish.
Predicting the impact of treatments over time with uncertainty aware neural differential equations
Creators: name: De Brouwer, Edward
name: Hernández, Javier González
name: Hyland, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting the impact of treatments from observational data only still represents a majorchallenge despite recent significant advances in time series modeling. Treatment assignments are usually correlated with the predictors of the response, resulting in a lack of data support for counterfactual predictions and therefore in poor quality estimates. Developments in causal inference have lead to methods addressing this confounding by requiring a minimum level of overlap. However,overlap is difficult to assess and usually notsatisfied in practice. In this work, we propose Counterfactual ODE (CF-ODE), a novel method to predict the impact of treatments continuously over time using Neural Ordinary Differential Equations equipped with uncertainty estimates. This allows to specifically assess which treatment outcomes can be reliably predicted. We demonstrate over several longitudinal data sets that CF-ODE provides more accurate predictions and more reliable uncertainty estimates than previously available methods.
Consumer Response to Genetically Modified Foods
Creators: name: Brant, Molly
name: Tilley, Daniel S.
name: Mowen, John C.
name: Brant, Molly
name: Tilley, Daniel S.
name: Mowen, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The consumer trait and characteristic identification, and corresponding relationship to the genetically modified food product's negative reactions was determined from a 354 respondent, 130 item mailed survey. The survey and partially mediated model from Mowen's 3M Model of Personality and Motivation explained how personality traits influence genetically modified food reactions.
Orbifold Unification for the Gauge and Higgs Fields and Their Couplings
Creators: name: Gogoladze, Ilia
name: Li, Tianjun
name: Mimura, Yukihiro
name: Nandi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an orbifold GUT model in which the NMSSM Higgs trilinear couplings are unified with the three Standard Model gauge couplings. The model is constructed as an N=2 supersymmetric SU(8) gauge theory in six dimensions, which is reduced to the NMSSM with extra U(1) factors upon compactification. Such an unification is in good agreement with experiments. The predicted upper limit for the lightest CP-even neutral Higgs boson is somewhat larger than in the MSSM, and can be tested in the upcoming Large Hadron Collider.
description: RevTex4, 5 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in PLB
BSE, U.S. Beef Trade and Cattle Feeding Industry
Creators: name: Almas, Lal K.
name: Colette, W. Arden
name: Amosson, Stephen H.
name: Almas, Lal K.
name: Colette, W. Arden
name: Amosson, Stephen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: A brief review of the beef and cattle market following the diagnosis of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in Canada and U.S. in 2003 is conducted. The focus is on the recent changes in the beef market experienced by major exporting and importing countries with special emphasis on the beef trade and cattle industry in the U.S. A single case of BSE in the U.S. has significantly disrupted global beef trade. Many countries banned beef imports from the U.S. and Canada. Continuation of these bans through 2004, particularly for the U.S., resulted in reduced beef exports. Brazil has become the number one beef exporter with estimated exports of 1.47 million tons in 2004 and is forecast to export 1.62 million tons in 2005. U.S. is the largest beef importer in the world. U.S. beef exports were a record 1.143 million tons in 2003. Beef exports from the U.S. for 2004 have been 0.202 million tons, just 17.7 percent of 2003 exports. The value of beef export losses for 2004 has been estimated as $2.73 billion. U.S. is forecast to export 0.272 million tons in 2005, representing a 35 percent increase over 2004. However, the beef export forecast for 2005 is still far below the pre-BSE levels. On the other hand U.S. beef imports have increased from 1.36 million tons in 2003 to 1.63 million tons in 2004. Imports are expected to reach 1.7 million tons in 2005. The lack of Canadian beef and live cattle imports, in conjunction with already tight U.S. supplies and strong demand, drove both beef and cattle prices up in the latter part of 2003. However, a decline of 29 percent in beef prices was experienced from December 2003 until March 2004 after the diagnosis of BSE in the U.S. BSE has also impacted live cattle trade, especially among the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) partners.
The Value of Hunting Package Attributes
Creators: name: Buller, Virginia
name: Hudson, Darren
name: Parkhurst, Gregory M.
name: Whittington, Andrew
name: Buller, Virginia
name: Hudson, Darren
name: Parkhurst, Gregory M.
name: Whittington, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Economic impacts of hunting activities reveals opportunities for landowners to capitalize on apparent market demand for fee-access hunting. This paper discusses the marginal values of hunting package attributes. The results will provide landowners the information needed to make optimal management decision.
Discrete Morse Theory for free chain complexes
Creators: name: Kozlov, Dmitry N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend the combinatorial Morse complex construction to the arbitrary free chain complexes, and give a short, self-contained, and elementary proof of the quasi-isomorphism between the original chain complex and its Morse complex. Even stronger, the main result states that, if $C_*$ is a free chain complex, and $\cm$ an acyclic matching, then $C_*=C_*^\cm\oplus T_*$, where $C_*^\cm$ is the Morse complex generated by the critical elements, and $T_*$ is an acyclic complex.
Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition in the Early Four-Chambered Embryonic Heart
Creators: name: Jallerat, Quentin
name: Feinberg, Adam W
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: During embryonic development, the heart undergoes complex morphogenesis from a liner tube into the four chambers consisting of ventricles, atria and valves. At the same time, the cardiomyocytes compact into a dense, aligned, and highly vascularized myocardium. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is known to play an important role in this process but understanding of the expression and organization remains incomplete. Here, we performed 3D confocal imaging of ECM in the left ventricle and whole heart of embryonic chick from stages Hamburger-Hamilton 28-35 (days 5-9) as an accessible model of heart formation. First, we observed the formation of a fibronectin-rich, capillary-like networks in the myocardium between day 5 and day 9 of development. Then, we focused on day 5 prior to vascularization to determine the relative expression of fibronectin, laminin, and collagen type IV. Cardiomyocytes were found to uniaxially align prior to vascularization and, while the epicardium contained all ECM components, laminin was reduced, and collagen type IV was largely absent. Quantification of fibronectin revealed highly aligned fibers with a mean diameter of ~500 nm and interfiber spacing of ~3 µm. These structural parameters (volume, spacing, fiber diameter, length, and orientation) provide a quantitative framework to describe the organization of the embryonic ECM.
Dpse.TableS7.csv
Creators: name: Fuller, Zachary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Counts of non-synonymous and annotated cis-regulatory changes in genes detected as differentially expressed on XR.
Magnetic resonance probing of ferroelectricity and magnetism in metal-organic frameworks
Creators: name: Abhyankar, Nandita
name: Bertaina, Sylvain
name: Orio, Maylis
name: Dalal, Naresh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of the spin probe Mn2+ to study the paraelectric ferroelectric transition in DMAMnF and Mn2 doped DMZnF, which are considered to be model metal organic frameworks (MOF) with a Pb free perovskite architecture. In DMAMnF, we study the variation of the Mn2+ EPR line shape and intensity at the X-band (9.4 GHz) and over 80 to 300 K, and we show the absence of magnetoelectric coupling at the ferroelectric transition. At the antiferromagnetic transition in DMMnF, we detect a magnetoelectric coupling caused by weak ferromagnetism in the AFM phase. In DMZnF, the combination of EPR of the Mn2+ probe and DFT show that the crystal field is predominantly determined by the DMA+ cations.
Is a Plasma Diamagnetic?
Creators: name: Engelhardt, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical plasmas in thermodynamic equilibrium should be neither para- nor diamagnetic due to the action of the Lorentz force. Magnetic confinement, however, is based on the observed diamagnetism of laboratory plasmas. The apparent paradox is investigated on the basis of the resistive magneto-hydrodynamic equations. It is found that, at least in simple plasma configurations, these equations do not permit a solution, i. e. the paradox cannot be resolved. It seems that the Lorentz force is a test-particle approximation which is not suitable to describe the interaction of moving particles in agreement with the conservation of energy.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Physics Essays (www.physicsessays.com) December 2005 (Vol. 18 No. 4)
Environmentally Adjusted Elasticity Measures
Creators: name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Shaik, Saleem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Here, using input, output and nitrogen pollution data related to one state, we propose to extend the elasticity concept to include environmental pollution treated as undesirable output to provide the environmentally adjusted elasticity measures for the period, 1936-1997 in a two-step procedure.
Order-Disorder Behavior at Thin Film Oxide Interfaces
Creators: name: Spurgeon, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Order-disorder processes fundamentally determine the structure and properties of many important oxide systems for energy and computing applications. While these processes have been intensively studied in bulk materials, they are less investigated and understood for nanostructured oxides in highly non-equilibrium conditions. These systems can now be realized through a range of deposition techniques and probed at exceptional spatial and chemical resolution, leading to a greater focus on interface dynamics. Here we survey a selection of recent studies of order-disorder behavior at thin film oxide interfaces, with a particular emphasis on the emergence of order during synthesis and disorder in extreme irradiation environments. We summarize key trends and identify directions for future study in this growing research area.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Optical Magnetoelectric Effect in Multiferroic Materials: Evidence for a Lorentz Force Acting on a Ray of Light
Creators: name: Sawada, Kei
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically propose that the optical analog of a Lorentz force acting on a ray of light is realized in multiferroic materials such as GaFeO$_3$ showing the magnetoelectric effect. The toroidal moment plays the role of a ``vector potential" while its rotation corresponds to a "magnetic field" for photons. Hence, the light is subject to the Lorentz force when propagating through the domain wall region of the ferromagnetic or ferroelectric order. A realistic estimate on the magnitude of this effect is given.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. The title is changed
Redundant apodization for direct imaging of exoplanets I: Robustness to primary mirror segmentation-induced errors outside the segment diffraction limit
Creators: name: Leboulleux, Lucie
name: Carlotti, Alexis
name: N'Diaye, Mamadou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct imaging and spectroscopy of Earth-like planets and young Jupiters require contrasts up to 10^6-10^10 at angular separations of a few dozen milliarcseconds. To achieve this goal, one of the most promising approaches consists of using large segmented primary mirror telescopes with coronagraphic instruments. However, coronagraphs are highly sensitive to wavefront errors. The segmentation itself is responsible for phasing errors and segment vibrations to be controlled at a subnanometric accuracy. We propose an innovative method for a coronagraph design that allows a consequent relaxation of the segment phasing constraints for low segment-count mirrors and generates an instrument that is more robust to segment-level wavefront errors. It is based on an optimization of the coronagraph that includes a segment-level apodization. This is repeated over the pupil to match the segmentation redundancy and improves the contrast stability beyond the minimum separation set by the single-segment diffraction limit. We validate this method on a GMT-like pupil for two coronagraph types: apodized pupil Lyot coronagraphs (APLC) and apodizing phase plate coronagraphs (APP). For the APLC, redundant apodization enables releasing the piston phasing constraints by a factor of 5 to 20 compared to classical designs. For the APP, the contrast remains almost constant up to 1 radian RMS of the phasing errors. We also show that redundant apodizations increase the robustness of the coronagraph to segment tip-tilt errors, as well as to missing segments. This method cannot be applied to higher-segment count mirrors such as the ELT or the TMT, but it is particularly suitable for low segment-count mirrors (fewer than 20 segments) such as the GMT aperture. These mirrors aim for high-contrast imaging of debris disks or exoplanets down to 100 mas.
description: 11 pages, 17 figures
Constraining Cosmological Parameters by the Cosmic Inversion Method
Creators: name: Kogo, Noriyuki
name: Sasaki, Misao
name: Yokoyama, Jun'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the question of how tightly we can constrain the cosmological parameters by using the ``cosmic inversion'' method in which we directly reconstruct the power spectrum of primordial curvature perturbations, $P(k)$, from the temperature and polarization spectra of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). In a previous paper, we suggested that it may be possible to constrain the cosmological parameters using the fact that the reconstructed $P(k)$ does not depend on how many polarization data we incorporate in our inversion procedure if and only if the correct values of the cosmological parameters are used. The advantage of this approach is that we need no assumption regarding the functional form of $P(k)$. In this paper, we estimate typical errors in the determination of the cosmological parameters when our method is applied to the PLANCK observation. We investigate constraints on $h$, $Ω_b$, $Ω_m$, and $Ω_Λ$ through Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, version to be published in Prog. Theor. Phys
Wortspiele als Entstehungsfaktor der therapeutischen Funktionen einiger griechischer Heiligen
Creators: name: Meinardus, Otto F. A.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 64 (1980): Oriens christianus, Band 64
Factorizable electroweak O(alpha) corrections for top quark pair production and decay at a linear e+e- collider
Creators: name: Kolodziej, Karol
name: Staron, Adam
name: Lorca, Alejandro
name: Riemann, Tord
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the standard model predictions for top quark pair production and decay into six fermions at a linear e+ e- collider. We include the factorizable electroweak O(alpha) corrections in the pole approximation and QED corrections due to the initial state radiation in the structure function approach. The effects of the radiative corrections on the predictions are illustrated by showing numerical results for two selected six-fermion reactions e+ e- -> b nu_mu mu+ bar{b} mu- bar{nu_mu} and e+ e- -> b nu_mu mu+ bar{b} d bar{u}.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures; a comment on the corrections that were not included in the paper and one reference added; accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. C
New CP-odd Observable in H -> t \bar{t}
Creators: name: Valencia, G.
name: Wang, Yili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a CP-violating triple product correlation that occurs in the decay of a neutral Higgs boson into t\bar{t} pairs when the Higgs boson does not have a definite CP nature. We consider the H -> t \bar{t} decay channel as well as the gluon fusion process gg -> H -> t \bar{t}. The asymmetry in Higgs decay, normalized to the H -> t \bar{t} width, can reach the 6% percent level. In the gluon fusion process the corresponding normalized asymmetry is smaller by an order of magnitude. We present a crude estimate of this observable at the LHC.
description: typos corrected, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Electroencephalographic correlates of cerebral engagement in auditory and visual language processing tasks in persons with down syndrome
Creators: name: Sturrock, Sara Katheleen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There has been extensive research performed regarding language processing in persons with Down syndrome. The results of initial dichotic listening studies and movement control studies lead Elliott Weeks and Elliott (1987) to propose a model of functional dissociation between brain centers sub-serving language perception and those sub-serving language production in persons with DS. Based on this model many new avenues of research emerged. The predictions of the model that have been tested thus far have focused on behavioural actions of persons with DS as compared to non-DS populations. The results of these subsequent experiments have provided support to the dissociation model (Elliott, Weeks & Elliott 1987). The present experiments were intended to further investigate language laterality in persons with DS. EEG was used as a means of investigating the purported atypical cerebral lateralization for language perception in persons with DS. The results of the present experiments lend some support to the dissociation model of DS and suggest that the model may be broadened to encompass language processing in general and not auditory language processing specifically.
Unfolding designable structures
Creators: name: Dias, Cristiano L.
name: Grant, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among an infinite number of possible folds, nature has chosen only about 1000 distinct folds to form protein structures. Theoretical studies suggest that selected folds are intrinsically more designable than others; these selected folds are unusually stable, a property called the designability principle. In this paper we use the 2D hydrophobic-polar lattice model to classify structures according to their designability, and Langevin dynamics to account for their time evolution. We demonstrate that, among all possible folds, the more designable ones are easier to unfold due to their large number of surface-core bonds.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, Proceeding of the 3rd International Conference NEXT-SigmaPhi
Comparison of the Electronic Structures of Two Non-cuprate Layered Transition Metal Oxide Superconductors
Creators: name: Ylvisaker, E. R.
name: Lee, K. -W.
name: Pickett, W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comparison is made of the electronic structure of the little-studied layered transition metal oxide LiNbO$_2$ with that of Na$_x$CoO$_2$, which has attracted tremendous interest since superconductivity was discovered in its hydrate. Although the active transition metal $d$ states are quite different due to different crystal fields and band filling, both systems show a strong change of electronic structure with changes in the distance between the transition metal ion layer and the oxygen layers. The niobate is unusual in having a large second-neighbor hopping amplitude, and a nearest neighbor hopping amplitude that is sensitive to the Nb-O separation. Li$_x$NbO$_2$ also presents the attractive simplicity of a single band triangular lattice system with variable carrier concentration that is superconducting.
description: 5 pages, 3 embedded figures (Proceedings in third Hiroshima international workshop)
Splitting the split supersymmetry
Creators: name: Cheung, Kingman
name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In split supersymmetry, the supersymmetric scalar particles are all very heavy, at least at the order of 10^9 GeV, but the gauginos, Higgsinos, and one of the neutral Higgs bosons remain below a TeV. Here we further split the split supersymmetry by taking the Higgsino mass parameter μto be very large. In this case, the μproblem is avoided and we keep the wino as a dark matter candidate. A crude gauge coupling unification is still preserved. Dark matter signals and collider phenomenology are discussed in this μ-split SUSY scenario. The most interesting dark matter signal is the annihilation into monochromatic photons. In colliders, chargino-pair and the associated chargino-neutralino production cross sections have a certain ratio due to gauge couplings, and the chargino has long decays.
description: 18 pages and 4 plots; references added, to be submitted to Phys. Rev. D
A Femtosecond Nanometer Free Electron Source
Creators: name: Hommelhoff, Peter
name: Sortais, Yvan
name: Aghajani-Talesh, Anoush
name: Kasevich, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a source of free electron pulses based on a field emission tip irradiated by a low-power femtosecond laser. The electron pulses are shorter than 70 fs and originate from a tip with an emission area diameter down to 2 nm. Depending on the operating regime we observe either photofield emission or optical field emission with up to 200 electrons per pulse at a repetition rate of 1 GHz. This pulsed electron emitter, triggered by a femtosecond oscillator, could serve as an efficient source for time-resolved electron interferometry, for time-resolved nanometric imaging and for synchrotrons.
Ochterus caffer
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Carapezza, Attilio
name: Jindra, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Ochteridae
Ochterus
Ochterus caffer

description: Ochterus caffer (Stål, 1855)
(Figs 8, 19)
 Pelogonus caffer Stål, 1855: 46 (original description). SYNTYPE (s): South Africa: Natal (NHRS).
 Pelogonus marginatus (partim): STÅL (1866): 170–171 (redescription, catalogue); STÅL (1876): 137 (catalogue).
 Ochterus marginatus caffer: JACZEWSKI (1934):606 –607 (differential diagnosis, illustrations); JACZEWSKI (1935): 483 (key to species); POISSON (1948): 169 (distribution); POISSON (1949): 48 (distribution); POISSON (1954): 363 (distribution); BERTRAND (1962): 882 (distribution); POISSON (1968a): 401 (distribution); POISSON (1968b):34 (distribution); POISSON & SALLIER DUPIN (1969): 19 (distribution).
 Ochterus caffer: MANCINI (1939a): 124 –125 (raised to species status, variability, illustrations); KORMILEV (1973): 2 –3, 5–6, 8 (redescription, illustrations), POLHEMUS & POLHEMUS (2008): 286 (key to species for Indian Ocean).
 Material examined.?: Environs du Tsad [= environs of Lake Chad], 1937, 5 1 ♀, Škulina lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). BENIN: SE, Cove, Zou river, 16.iv.2000, 2, J. Halada lgt., P.Kment det.(ZJPC). CAME- ROON: NW, Tubah sbdiv., Big Babanki, N of Bamenda, 2100 m a.s.l., xii.2009, 1, R. Sehnal lgt., P. Kment det. (ZJPC). DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: ITURI: Congo b., Ituri, 1937, 1, Škulina lgt., P. Kment det. (NMPC). CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: ca. 60 km W Bouar, 5°45′N 15°13′E, 660 m a.s.l., 23.iii.2010, 1, J. Halada lgt., P. Kment det. (MMBC); 60 km W Bouar, 5°42′N 16°00′E, 860 m a.s.l., 30.iii.2010, 1, J. Halada lgt., P. Kment det. (MMBC). IVORY COAST: Bouaké, 22.–23.iv.1964, 1, R. H. Cobben lgt., P. Kment det. (ACPI). MADAGASCAR: CE, 1 km E of Andreba, village, 2 km E of Alaotra lake, 30.x.2003, 2 1 ♀, P. Baňař lgt., P.Kment det.
  Ochterus breviculus Nieser & Chen, 1992
 Ochterus breviculus Nieser & Chen, 1992: 9 –11 (description, differential diagnosis, illustrations). HOLOTYPE:, China: Tibet: ʻBeibeng, 850 m’ (IZAS).
 Ochterus breviculus: POLHEMUS (1995a): 25 (catalogue); XIE & LIU (2013): 6 (checklist).
  Distribution. Oriental/Palaearctic Region:  China: Yunnan (NIESER & CHEN 1992, XIE & LIU 2013), Xizang (= Tibet) (NIESER & CHEN 1992, XIE & LIU 2013).
  Ochterus bruneiensis Zettel & Lane, 2010
 Ochterus bruneiensis Zettel & Lane, 2010: 98 –101 (description, illustrations). HOLOTYPE:, Brunei: Brunei-Muara District, Sungai Akar, waterfall area near main road, 47 m a.s.l., N 04°56′45″ E 114°59′13″ (BMKB).
  Distribution. Oriental Region:  Brunei (ZETTEL & LANE 2010).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr, Carapezza, Attilio & Jindra, Zdeněk, 2020, Taxonomic catalogue of the family Ochteridae with description of Ochterus papaceki sp. nov. from Socotra Island and Tanzania (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 23-64 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3879659
't Hooft loops and perturbation theory
Creators: name: de Forcrand, Philippe
name: Lucini, Biagio
name: Noth, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that high-temperature perturbation theory describes extremely well the area law of SU(N) spatial 't Hooft loops, or equivalently the tension of the interface between different Z_N vacua in the deconfined phase. For SU(2), the disagreement between Monte Carlo data and lattice perturbation theory for sigma(T)/T^2 is less than 2%, down to temperatures O(10) T_c. For SU(N), N>3, the ratios of interface tensions, (sigma_k/sigma_1)(T), agree with perturbation theory, which predicts tiny deviations from the ratio of Casimirs, down to nearly T_c. In contrast, individual tensions differ markedly from the perturbative expression. In all cases, the required precision Monte Carlo measurements are made possible by a simple but powerful modification of the 'snake' algorithm.
description: presented at Lattice 2005 (topology and confinement), 6 pages, 7 figures
title: Automating inductive reasoning with recursive functions
Creators: name: Hajdu, Marton
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: formal methods
subject: inductive reasoning
subject: first-order theorem proving
subject: induction

description: Formally ensuring software reliability is challenging due to the growing complexity of software in terms of its size, used unbounded and inductive data types and supported workflow. As manual code analysis is not a viable solution, automated reasoning approaches are needed for proving software correct. There are several prominent methods addressing this challenge by (i) translating parts of a system to a logic-based formalism and (ii) using automated theorem proving to validate certain safety and liveness program properties.In this context a vital ingredient in automated reasoning is inductive reasoning, which can/must be used whenever repetition is present in a software component, e.g. loops or recursive data structures in computer programs or feedback loops in electric circuits. The two main branches in the literature are explicit and implicit induction. In this thesis focus on the former approach which is based broadly on the Noetherian well-founded induction principle. There is a plethora of research already done in this area with several automated theorem provers as well as proof assistants are equipped with inductive reasoning techniques. Some of the earliest ones are Nqthm/ACL2, Inka and Oyster/CLAM. Recently, modern automated theorem provers, such as ZipperPosition, CVC4 and Vampire, started to incorporate inductive types and reasoning.The aim of the proposed thesis is to advance the state-of-the art in inductive reasoning within first-order logic theorem proving, by using automating reasoning with recursive function definitions over inductive data types.