cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Late time solution for interacting scalar in accelerating spaces
Creators: name: Prokopec, Tomislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider stochastic inflation in an interacting scalar field in spatially homogeneous accelerating space-times with a constant principal slow roll parameter $ε$. We show that, if the scalar potential is scale invariant (which is the case when scalar contains quartic self-interaction and couples non-minimally to gravity), the late-time solution on accelerating FLRW spaces can be described by a probability distribution function (PDF) $ρ$ which is a function of $φ/H$ only, where $φ=φ(\vec x)$ is the scalar field and $H=H(t)$ denotes the Hubble parameter. We give explicit late-time solutions for $ρ\rightarrow ρ_\infty(φ/H)$, and thereby find the order $ε$ corrections to the Starobinsky-Yokoyama result. This PDF can then be used to calculate e.g. various $n-$point functions of the (self-interacting) scalar field, which are valid at late times in arbitrary accelerating space-times with $ε=$ constant.
description: 13 pages
Introduction to Open Science: Why it is necessary and how we practice open science @ WIN
Creators: name: Gould van Praag, Cassandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Short talk introducing the motivations behind the development of open science and the support available to learn and practice open science at the Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), University of Oxford. Presented in the introductory lectures of WIN magnetic resonance imaging graduate program, October 2020.
(103113) Eleanor Pendrell Newton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Can knowledge of germline markers of toxicity optimize dosing and efficacy of cancer therapy?
Creators: name: Crona, Daniel
name: Innocenti, Federico
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The systemic treatment of cancer with traditional cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents and more targeted agents is often complicated by the onset of adverse drug reactions. Pharmacogenetic prediction of adverse drug reactions might have consequences for dosing and efficacy. This review discusses relevant examples where the germline variant–toxicity relationship has been validated as an initial step in developing clinically useful pharmacogenetic markers and provides examples where germline variants have influenced dosing strategies and/or survival or other outcomes of efficacy. This review will also provide insight into the reasons why more pharmacogenetic markers have not been routinely integrated into clinical practice.
title: Automated breast volume sonography in detection of occult breast lesions in dense breast
Creators: name: Gazhonova, Veronika
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Oncology
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Pathology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Other than age and specific genetic mutations, dense breast tissue is one of the strongest risk factors to predict who will develop breast cancer [1]. Like body mass index, it is one of the few modifiable breast cancer risk factors. Breast density...
The Nitrogen Budget of Earth
Creators: name: Johnson, Ben
name: Goldblatt, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comprehensively compile and review N content in geologic materials to calculate a new N budget for Earth. Using analyses of rocks and minerals in conjunction with N-Ar geochemistry demonstrates that the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE) contains \sim7\pm4 times present atmospheric N (4\times10^18 kg N, PAN), with 27\pm16\times10^18 kg N. Comparison to chondritic composition, after subtracting N sequestered into the core, yields a consistent result, with BSE N between 17\pm13\times10^18 kg to 31\pm24\times10^18 kg N. In the chondritic comparison we calculate a N mass in Earth's core (180\pm110 to 300\pm180\times10^18 kg) and discuss the Moon as a proxy for the early mantle. Significantly, we find the majority of the planetary budget of N is in the solid Earth. The N estimate herein precludes the need for a "missing N" reservoir. Nitrogen-Ar systematics in mantle rocks and basalts identify two mantle reservoirs: MORB-source like (MSL) and high-N. High-N mantle is composed of young, N-rich material subducted from the surface and is identified in OIB and some xenoliths. In contrast, MSL appears to be made of old material, though a component of subducted material is evident in this reservoir as well. Using our new budget, we calculate a δ15N value for BSE plus atmosphere of \sim2\permil. This value should be used when discussing bulk Earth N isotope evolution. Additionally, our work indicates that all surface N could pass through the mantle over Earth history, and the mantle may act as a long-term sink for N. Since N acts as a tracer of exchange between the atmosphere, oceans, and mantle over time, clarifying its distribution in the Earth is critical for evolutionary models concerned with Earth system evolution. We suggest that N be viewed in the same vein as carbon: it has a fast, biologically mediated cycle which connects it to a slow, tectonically-controlled geologic cycle.
description: Manuscript accepted in Earth Science Reviews
IT and Lacan
Creators: name: Fuks, Adam Mateusz Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: lacan, psychoanalysis, haskell, scheme, lisp, category theory, computer security

description: Towards formalization of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. The paper applies computer science and mathematical terms to psychoanalytical concepts to aid formalization of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. This paper is a work in progress. https://github.com/aammff/lacan
description: {"references": ["https://github.com/aammff/lacan"]}
(103112) William Barker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
IT and Lacan
Creators: name: Fuks, Adam Mateusz Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: lacan, psychoanalysis, haskell, scheme, lisp, c++, category theory, computer security

description: Towards formalization of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. The paper applies computer science and mathematical terms to psychoanalytical concepts to aid formalization of Lacanian Psychoanalysis. This paper is a work in progress. https://github.com/aammff/lacan
description: {"references": ["https://github.com/aammff/lacan"]}
Detrended partial cross-correlation analysis of two nonstationary time series influenced by common external forces
Creators: name: Qian, Xi-Yuan
name: Liu, Ya-Min
name: Jiang, Zhi-Qiang
name: Podobnik, Boris
name: Zhou, Wei-Xing
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When common factors strongly influence two power-law cross-correlated time series recorded in complex natural or social systems, using classic detrended cross-correlation analysis (DCCA) without considering these common factors will bias the results. We use detrended partial cross-correlation analysis (DPXA) to uncover the intrinsic power-law cross-correlations between two simultaneously recorded time series in the presence of nonstationarity after removing the effects of other time series acting as common forces. The DPXA method is a generalization of the detrended cross-correlation analysis that takes into account partial correlation analysis. We demonstrate the method by using bivariate fractional Brownian motions contaminated with a fractional Brownian motion. We find that the DPXA is able to recover the analytical cross Hurst indices, and thus the multi-scale DPXA coefficients are a viable alternative to the conventional cross-correlation coefficient. We demonstrate the advantage of the DPXA coefficients over the DCCA coefficients by analyzing contaminated bivariate fractional Brownian motions. We calculate the DPXA coefficients and use them to extract the intrinsic cross-correlation between crude oil and gold futures by taking into consideration the impact of the US dollar index. We develop the multifractal DPXA (MF-DPXA) method in order to generalize the DPXA method and investigate multifractal time series. We analyze multifractal binomial measures masked with strong white noises and find that the MF-DPXA method quantifies the hidden multifractal nature while the MF-DCCA method fails.
description: 7 Latex pages including 3 figures
(103111) Charles Dexter Barker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
RONALD ERNEST GRIGG - Bibliography from RONALD ERNEST GRIGG. 1 September 1935 — 10 January 2021
Creators: name: Sridharan, Visuvanathar
name: Stevenson, Paul J.
name: Nimal Gunaratne, H. Q.
name: Prasanna de Silva, A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis

description: Ron Grigg left an indelible mark on heterocyclic chemistry, especially through his pioneering 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions and palladium-catalysed cyclizations. Although he worked with a broad range of organic and organometallic compounds, he was most closely associated with innovations in the synthesis and properties of pyrrole and pyrrolidine derivatives throughout his career. His products and methodologies not only inspired numerous academic laboratories, they also enabled many developments in the pharmaceutical, forensic, environmental and sensing sectors. He established the Queen's University Environmental Science and Technology (QUESTOR) Centre and the Molecular Innovation, Diversity and Automated Synthesis (MIDAS) Centre at the University of Leeds. His spin-out company, Lumichem Ltd, commercialized his chemistry for visualizing latent fingerprints.
Reduced foreign body response at nitric oxide-releasing subcutaneous implants
Creators: name: Klitzman, Bruce
name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
name: Prichard, Heather L.
name: Hetrick, Evan M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The tissue response to nitric oxide (NO)-releasing subcutaneous implants is presented. Model implants were created by coating silicone elastomer with diazeniumdiolate-modified xerogel polymers capable of releasing NO. The host tissue response to such implants was evaluated at 1, 3, and 6 weeks and compared to that of uncoated silicone elastomer blanks and xerogel-coated controls incapable of releasing NO. Delivery of NO (~375 pmol/cm2 of implant surface area) reduced the foreign body collagen capsule (“scar tissue”) thickness by >50% compared to uncoated silicone elastomer after 3 weeks. The chronic inflammatory response at the tissue/implant interface was also reduced by >30% at NO-releasing implants after 3 and 6 weeks. Additionally, CD-31 immunohistochemical staining revealed ~77% more blood vessels in proximity to NO-releasing implants after 1 week compared to controls. These findings suggest that conferring NO release to subcutaneous implants may promote effective device integration into healthy vascularized tissue, diminish foreign body capsule formation, and improve the performance of indwelling medical devices that require constant mass transport of analytes (e.g., implantable sensors).
Geodesics on metrics of Eguchi-Hanson type
Creators: name: Yang, Yekun
name: Zhang, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Geodesic equations are solved when at least two of $θ$, $ϕ$ and $ψ$ are constant, or $r$ is constant, on scalar flat metrics of Eguchi-Hanson type. They can also be solved also on Eguchi-Hanson metrics which are Ricci flat if only $ϕ$ is constant. However, the explicit solution of the geodesic equations is not available yet if only $ψ$ is constant.
description: 19 pages
Mirror Theorem for Elliptic Quasimap Invariants
Creators: name: Kim, Bumsig
name: Lho, Hyenho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 14D23, 14N35

description: We propose and prove a mirror theorem for the elliptic quasimap invariants for smooth Calabi-Yau complete intersections in projective spaces. The theorem combined with the wall-crossing formula appeared in paper (arXiv:1308.6377) implies mirror theorems of Zinger and Popa for the elliptic Gromov-Witten invariants for those varieties. This paper and the wall-crossing formula provide a unified framework for the mirror theory of rational and elliptic Gromov-Witten invariants.
description: Theorem 2.6 strengthened for the toric setup
Single-cell analysis of the Cellular Landscape of Vulvar Melanoma Provides New Insight for Immunotherapy Administration
Creators: name: 吕明壹
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Monoisolate
Medical

description: Single-cell analysis of the Cellular Landscape of Vulvar Melanoma Provides New Insight for Immunotherapy Administration
Learning Off-Road Terrain Traversability with Self-Supervisions Only
Creators: name: Seo, Junwon
name: Sim, Sungdae
name: Shim, Inwook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating the traversability of terrain should be reliable and accurate in diverse conditions for autonomous driving in off-road environments. However, learning-based approaches often yield unreliable results when confronted with unfamiliar contexts, and it is challenging to obtain manual annotations frequently for new circumstances. In this paper, we introduce a method for learning traversability from images that utilizes only self-supervision and no manual labels, enabling it to easily learn traversability in new circumstances. To this end, we first generate self-supervised traversability labels from past driving trajectories by labeling regions traversed by the vehicle as highly traversable. Using the self-supervised labels, we then train a neural network that identifies terrains that are safe to traverse from an image using a one-class classification algorithm. Additionally, we supplement the limitations of self-supervised labels by incorporating methods of self-supervised learning of visual representations. To conduct a comprehensive evaluation, we collect data in a variety of driving environments and perceptual conditions and show that our method produces reliable estimations in various environments. In addition, the experimental results validate that our method outperforms other self-supervised traversability estimation methods and achieves comparable performances with supervised learning methods trained on manually labeled data.
description: Accepted to IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters. Our video can be found at https://bit.ly/3YdKanw
Spin diffusion in ultracold spin-orbit coupled $^{40}$K gas
Creators: name: Yu, T.
name: Wu, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the steady-state spin diffusion for ultracold spin-orbit coupled $^{40}$K gas by the kinetic spin Bloch equation approach both analytically and numerically. Four configurations, i.e., the spin diffusions along two specific directions with the spin polarization perpendicular (transverse configuration) and parallel (longitudinal configuration) to the effective Zeeman field are studied. It is found that the behaviors of the steady-state spin diffusion for the four configurations are very different, which are determined by three characteristic lengths: the mean free path $l_τ$, the Zeeman oscillation length $l_Ω$ and the spin-orbit coupling oscillation length $l_α$. It is analytically revealed and numerically confirmed that by tuning the scattering strength, the system can be divided into {\it five} regimes: I, weak scattering regime ($l_τ\gtrsim l_Ω, l_α$); II, Zeeman field-dominated moderate scattering regime ($l_Ω\ll l_τ\ll l_α$); III, spin-orbit coupling-dominated moderate scattering regime ($l_α\ll l_τ\ll l_Ω$); IV, relatively strong scattering regime ($l_τ^c\ll l_τ\ll l_Ω, l_α$); V, strong scattering regime ($l_τ\ll l_Ω, l_α,l_τ^c$), with $l_τ^c$ representing the crossover length between the relatively strong and strong scattering regimes. In different regimes, the behaviors of the spacial evolution of the steady-state spin polarization are very rich, showing different dependencies on the scattering strength, Zeeman field and spin-orbit coupling strength. The rich behaviors of the spin diffusions in different regimes are hard to be understood in the framework of the simple drift-diffusion model or the direct inhomogeneous broadening picture in the literature. ...
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Filling-Enforced Quantum Band Insulators in Spin-Orbit Coupled Crystals
Creators: name: Po, Hoi Chun
name: Watanabe, Haruki
name: Zaletel, Michael P.
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While band insulators are usually described in wavevector space in terms of fully filled bands, they are sometimes also described in terms of a complementary Wannier picture in which electrons occupy localized, atom-like orbitals. Under what conditions does the latter picture break down? The presence of irremovable quantum entanglement between different sites can obstruct a localized orbital description, which occurs in systems like Chern and topological insulators. We collectively refer to such states as Quantum Band Insulators (QBIs). Here we report the theoretical discovery of a filling-enforced QBI - that is, a free electron insulator in which the band filling is smaller than the minimum number dictated by the atomic picture. Consequently such insulators have no representation in terms of filling localized orbitals and must be QBIs. This is shown to occur in models of certain cubic crystals with non-symmorphic space groups. Like topological insulators, filling-enforced QBIs require spin-orbit coupling. However, in contrast, they do not typically exhibit protected surface states. Instead their nontrivial nature is revealed by studying the quantum entanglement of their ground state wavefunction.
description: 4.5 pages + 7.5 page Appendices, 2+4 figures; v3: Corrected Fig. 5 in Appendix B; added discussion on surface states (Fig. 6)
(103107) Elizabeth Katherine Voss
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Defect-induced magnetism in TiO$_2$: An example of quasi 2D magnetic order with perpendicular anisotropy
Creators: name: Stiller, Markus
name: Esquinazi, Pablo D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic order at room temperature induced by atomic lattice defects, like vacancies, interstitials or pairs of them, has been observed in a large number of different nonmagnetic hosts, such as pure graphite, oxides and silicon-based materials. High Curie temperatures and time independent magnetic response at room temperature indicate the extraordinary robustness of this new phenomenon in solid state magnetism. In this work, we review experimental and theoretical results in pure TiO$_2$ (anatase), which magnetic order can be triggered by low-energy ion irradiation. In particular, we discuss the systematic observation of an ultrathin magnetic layer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at the surface of this oxide.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
title: 3D printing: Applications and How to Do It
Creators: name: Lynch, Jeremy
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Anatomy
subject: CAD
subject: CT
subject: CAD
subject: Segmentation
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the basic concepts and principles of 3D printing, including types of 3D printers and materials. To describe common applications of the technique. To present a technique using widely available software by which a radiologist may create 3D...
(103106) Richard Joseland
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Reduced bacterial adhesion to fibrinogen-coated substrates via nitric oxide release
Creators: name: Geer, Carri B.
name: Hetrick, Evan M.
name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
name: Charville, Gregory W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The ability of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing xerogels to reduce fibrinogen-mediated adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Escherichia coli is described. A negative correlation was observed between NO surface flux and bacterial adhesion for each species tested. For S. aureus and E. coli, reduced adhesion correlated directly with NO flux from 0 to 30 pmol cm−2 s−1. A similar dependence for S. epidermidis was evident from 18 to 30 pmol cm−2 s−1. At a NO flux of 30 pmol cm−2 s−1, surface coverage of S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and E. coli was reduced by 96, 48, and 88%, respectively, compared to non-NO-releasing controls. Polymeric NO release was thus demonstrated to be an effective approach for significantly reducing fibrinogen-mediated adhesion of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in vitro, thereby illustrating the advantage of active NO release as a strategy for inhibiting bacterial adhesion in the presence of pre-adsorbed protein.
High-Temperature Ionization in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Desch, Steven J.
name: Turner, Neal J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the abundances of electrons and ions in the hot (> 500 K), dusty parts of protoplanetary disks, treating for the first time the effects of thermionic and ion emission from the dust grains. High-temperature ionization modeling has involved simply assuming that alkali elements such as potassium occur as gas-phase atoms and are collisionally ionized following the Saha equation. We show that the Saha equation often does not hold, because free charges are produced by thermionic and ion emission and destroyed when they stick to grain surfaces. This means the ionization state depends not on the first ionization potential of the alkali atoms, but rather on the grains' work functions. The charged species' abundances typically rise abruptly above about 800 K, with little qualitative dependence on the work function, gas density, or dust-to-gas mass ratio. Applying our results, we find that protoplanetary disks' dead zone, where high diffusivities stifle magnetorotational turbulence, has its inner edge located where the temperature exceeds a threshold value ~1000 K. The threshold is set by ambipolar diffusion except at the highest densities, where it is set by Ohmic resistivity. We find that the disk gas can be diffusively loaded onto the stellar magnetosphere at temperatures below a similar threshold. We investigate whether the "short-circuit" instability of current sheets can operate in disks and find that it cannot, or works only in a narrow range of conditions; it appears not to be the chondrule formation mechanism. We also suggest that thermionic emission is important for determining the rate of Ohmic heating in hot Jupiters.
description: 68 pages, 20 figures
The effect of surface demineralization of cortical bone allograft on the properties of recombinant adeno-associated virus coatings
Creators: name: Awad, Hani A.
name: Xie, Chao
name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: Zhang, Xinping
name: Yanoso, Laura
name: Schwarz, Edward M.
name: Samulski, Jade
name: Yannariello-Brown, Judith
name: Yazici, Cemal
name: Reynolds, David G.
name: Gertzman, Arthur A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Freeze-dried recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) coated structural allografts have emerged as an approach to engender necrotic cortical bone with host factors that will persist for weeks following surgery to facilitate revascularization, osteointegration, and remodeling. However, one major limitation is the nonporous cortical surface that prohibits uniform distribution of the rAAV coating prior to freeze-drying. To overcome this we have developed a demineralization method to increase surface absorbance while retaining the structural integrity of the allograft. Demineralized bone wafers (DBW) made from human femoral allograft rings demonstrated a significant 21.1 % (73.6 ± 3.9 % vs. 52.5 ± 2.6 %; p<0.001) increase in percent surface area coating versus mineralized controls. Co-incubation of rAAV-luciferase (rAAV-Luc) coated DBW with a monolayer of C3H10T1/2 cells in culture led to peak luciferase levels that were not significantly different from soluble rAAV-Luc controls (p>0.05), although the peaks occurred at 60hrs and 12hrs, respectively. To assess the transduction efficiency of rAAV-Luc coated DBW in vivo, we first performed a dose response with allografts containing 107, 109 or 1010 particles that were surgically implanted into the quadriceps of mice, and assayed by in vivo bioluminescence imaging (BLI) on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21. The results demonstrated a dose response in which the DBW coated with 1010 rAAV-Luc particles achieved peak gene expression levels on day 3, which persisted until day 21, and was significantly greater than the 107 dose throughout this time period (p<0.01). A direct comparison of mineralized versus DBW coated with 1010 rAAV-Luc particles failed to demonstrate any significant differences in transduction kinetics or efficiency in vivo. Thus, surface demineralization of human cortical bone allograft increase its absorbance for uniform rAAV coating, without affecting vector transduction efficiency.
Anti-biofilm efficacy of nitric oxide-releasing silica nanoparticles
Creators: name: Paul, Heather S.
name: Shin, Jae Ho
name: Hetrick, Evan M.
name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The ability of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing silica nanoparticles to kill biofilm-based microbial cells is reported. Biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans were formed in vitro and exposed to NO-releasing silica nanoparticles. Replicative viability experiments revealed that ≥ 99% of cells from each type of biofilm were killed via NO release, with the greatest efficacy (≥ 99.999% killing) against gram-negative P. aeruginosa and E. coli biofilms. Cytotoxicity testing demonstrated that the highest dose of NO-releasing silica nanoparticles inhibited fibroblast proliferation to a lesser extent than clinical concentrations of currently-administered antiseptics (e.g., chlorhexidine) with proven wound-healing benefits. This study demonstrates the promise of employing nanoparticles for delivering an antimicrobial agent to microbial biofilms.
(103105) Emily Alfrina Joseland
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Characterization and performance of nucleic acid nanoparticles combined with protamine and gold
Creators: name: Hickey, Anthony J.
name: Craig, Michael
name: Engstrom, Eric
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Akhtar, Uzma
name: Garrad, Richard
name: Parker, Brooke
name: Barber, Stephanie
name: Sallee, Michael
name: DeLong, Robert K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Macromolecular nucleic acids such as DNA vaccines, siRNA, and splice-site switching oligomers (SSO) have vast chemotherapeutic potential. Nanoparticulate biomaterials hold promise for DNA and RNA delivery when a means for binding is identified that retains structure-function and provides stabilization by the nanoparticles. In order to provide these benefits of binding, we combined DNA and RNA with protamine— demonstrating association to gold microparticles by electrophoretic, gel shot, fluorescence, and dynamic laser light spectroscopy (DLLS). A pivotal finding in these studies is that the Au-protamine-DNA conjugates greatly stabilize the DNA; and DNA structure and vaccine activity are maintained even after exposure to physical, chemical, and temperature-accelerated degradation. Specifically, protamine formed nanoparticles when complexed to RNA. These complexes could be detected by gel shift and were probed by high throughput absorbance difference spectroscopy (HTADS). Biological activity of these RNA nanoparticles (RNPs) was demonstrated also by a human tumor cell splice-site switching assay and by siRNA delivery against B-Raf—a key cancer target. Finally, RNA:protamine particles inhibited growth of cultured human tumor cells and bacteria. These data provide new insights into DNA and RNA nanoparticles and prospects for their delivery and chemotherapeutic activity.
(103100) Mary Ann [Cox]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Nitric oxide-releasing S-nitrosothiol-modified xerogels
Creators: name: Dobmeier, Kevin P.
name: Privett, Benjamin J.
name: Riccio, Daniel A.
name: Paul, Heather S.
name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
name: Hetrick, Evan M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The synthesis, material characterization, and in vitro biocompatibility of S-nitrosothiol (RSNO)-modified xerogels is described. Thiol-functionalized xerogel films were formed by hydrolysis and co-condensation of 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS) sol-gel precursors at varying concentrations. Subsequent thiol nitrosation via acidified nitrite produced RSNO-modified xerogels capable of generating nitric oxide (NO) for up to 2 weeks under physiological conditions. Xerogels also exhibited NO generation upon irradiation with broad-spectrum light or exposure to copper, with NO fluxes proportional to wattage and concentration, respectively. Xerogels were capable of storing up to ∼1.31 µmol NO mg−1, and displayed negligible fragmentation over a 2 week period. Platelet and bacterial adhesion to nitrosated films was reduced compared to non-nitrosated controls, confirming the antithrombotic and antibacterial properties of the NO-releasing materials. Fibroblast cell viability was maintained on the xerogel surfaces illustrating the promise of RSNO-modified xerogels as biomedical device coatings.
(103099) Thomas Cox
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Transparent magnetic photoresists for bioanalytical applications
Creators: name: Sims, Christopher E.
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Gach, Philip C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Microfabricated devices possessing magnetic properties are of great utility in bioanalytical microdevices due to their controlled manipulation with external magnets. Current methods for creating magnetic microdevices yield a low-transparency material preventing light microscopy-based inspection of biological specimens on the structures. Uniformly transparent magnetic photoresists were developed for microdevices that require high transparency as well as consistent magnetism across the structure. Colloidal formation of 10 nm maghemite particles was minimized during addition to the negative photoresists SU-8 and 1002F through organic capping of the nanoparticles and utilization of solvent-based dispersion techniques. Photoresists with maghemite concentrations of 0.01 to 1% had a high transparency due to the even dispersal of maghemite nanoparticles within the polymer as observed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM). These magnetic photoresists were used to fabricate microstructures with aspect ratios up to 4:1 and a resolution of 3 μm. Various cell lines showed excellent adhesion and viability on the magnetic photoresists. An inspection of cells cultured on the magnetic photoresists with TEM showed cellular uptake of magnetic nanoparticles leeched from the photoresists. Cellular contamination by magnetic nanoparticles was eliminated by capping the magnetic photoresist surface with native 1002F photoresist or by removing the top layer of the magnetic photoresist through surface roughening. The utility of these magnetic photoresists was demonstrated by sorting single cells (HeLa, RBL and 3T3 cells) cultured on arrays of releasable magnetic micropallets. 100% of magnetic micropallets with attached cells were collected following release from the array. 85–92% of the collected cells expanded into colonies. The polymeric magnetic materials should find wide use in the fabrication of microstructures for bioanalytical technologies.
title: Optimal scanning technique for targetted fusion ultrasound with virtual mammographic navigation in patients with macromastia
Creators: name: Gazhonova, Veronika
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Hybrid Imaging
subject: Computer applications
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Cancer
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Background: Mammography (MMG) is the principal technique for women with macromastia and fatty involution being much more sensitive in breast cancer detection than ultrasound (US) [1]. Low specificity of MMG contributes to the additional use of...
(103098) Selina Cox
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Regulation of hepatic stem/progenitor phenotype by microenvironment stiffness in hydrogel models of the human liver stem cell niche
Creators: name: Superfine, Richard
name: Reid, Lola M.
name: Wauthier, Eliane
name: Guilak, Farshid
name: Turner, Rachael A.
name: Lubkin, Sharon R.
name: Barbier, Claire
name: Lozoya, Oswaldo A.
name: Prestwich, Glenn D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Human livers have maturational lineages of cells within liver acini, beginning periportally in stem cell niches, the canals of Hering, and ending in polyploid hepatocytes pericentrally and cholangiocytes in bile ducts. Hepatic stem cells (hHpSCs) in vivo are partnered with mesenchymal precursors to endothelia (angioblasts) and stellate cells, and reside in regulated microenvironments, stem cell niches, containing hyaluronans (HA). The in vivo hHpSC niche is modeled in vitro by growing hHpSC in two-dimensional (2D) cultures on plastic. We investigated effects of 3D microenvironment, mimicking the liver’s stem cell niche, on these hHpSCs by embedding them in HA-based hydrogels prepared with Kubota’s Medium (KM), a serum-free medium tailored for endodermal stem/progenitors. The KM-HA hydrogels mimicked the niches, matched diffusivity of culture medium, exhibited shear thinning and perfect elasticity under mechanical loading, and had predictable stiffness depending on their chemistry. KM-HA hydrogels, which supported cell attachment, survival and expansion of hHpSC colonies, induced transition of hHpSC colonies towards stable heterogeneous populations of hepatic progenitors depending on KM-HA hydrogel stiffness, as shown by both their gene and protein expression profile. These acquired phenotypes did not show morphological evidence of fibrotic responses. In conclusion, this study shows that the mechanical properties of the microenvironment can regulate differentiation in endodermal stem cell populations.
(103097) Alfred Ernest Ashmead
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Properly Integral Polynomials over the Ring of Integer-valued Polynomials on a Matrix Ring
Creators: name: Peruginelli, Giulio
name: Werner, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F20, 13B22, 11C99

description: Let $D$ be a domain with fraction field $K$, and let $M_n(D)$ be the ring of $n \times n$ matrices with entries in $D$. The ring of integer-valued polynomials on the matrix ring $M_n(D)$, denoted ${\rm Int}_K(M_n(D))$, consists of those polynomials in $K[x]$ that map matrices in $M_n(D)$ back to $M_n(D)$ under evaluation. It has been known for some time that ${\rm Int}_{\mathbb{Q}}(M_n(\mathbb{Z}))$ is not integrally closed. However, it was only recently that an example of a polynomial in the integral closure of ${\rm Int}_{\mathbb{Q}}(M_n(\mathbb{Z}))$ but not in the ring itself appeared in the literature, and the published example is specific to the case $n=2$. In this paper, we give a construction that produces polynomials that are integral over ${\rm Int}_K(M_n(D))$ but are not in the ring itself, where $D$ is a Dedekind domain with finite residue fields and $n \geq 2$ is arbitrary. We also show how our general example is related to $P$-sequences for ${\rm Int}_K(M_n(D))$ and its integral closure in the case where $D$ is a discrete valuation ring.
description: final version, to appear in J. Algebra (2016); comments are welcome!
(103096) Herbert Ashmead
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(103095) Harriette Florence Ashmead
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
MPEC 2023-T214 : 2019 AV3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.