cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
"Spectral Implementation" for creating a labeled pseudo-pure state and the Bernstein-Vazirani's algorithm in a four-qubit nuclear magnetic resonance quantum processor
Creators: name: Peng, Xinhua
name: Zhu, Xiwen
name: Fang, Ximing
name: Feng, Mang
name: Liu, Maili
name: Gao, Kelin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum circuit is introducted to describe the preparation of a labeled pseudo-pure state by mutiplet-component excitation scheme which has been experimentally implemented on a 4-qubit nuclear magnetic resonance quantum processor. Meanwhile, we theoretically analyze and numerically inverstigate the low-power selective single-pulse implementation of a controlled-rotation gate, which manifests its validity in our experiment. Based on the labeled pseudo-pure state prepared, a 3-qubit Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm has been experimentally demonstrated by spectral implementation. The "answers" of the computations are indentified from the split speak positions in the spectra of the observer spin, which are equivalent to projective measurements required by the algorithms.
description: 7 pages
Modelling of Droplet Drying Mechanisms
Creators: name: Abdulrahman N. Alharbi
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis aims to develop an understanding of the drying mechanisms of a liquid droplet containing solid particles by consideration of the heat and mass transfer processes involved and mechanical behaviour of the porous material during drying. The previous studies mostly used methods to solve coupled heat and mass transfer equations using mathematical tools. This study contributes to an understanding of the mechanical behaviour of drying a single droplet containing solids. Modelling of the drying mechanisms involves heat, mass transfer and changing of the droplet size. An inflation model was added to the drying model to describe the particle expansion under internal vapour pressure in the second drying stage when the droplet temperature is higher than the boiling temperature. COMSOL Multiphysics ® finite element software was used to solve the governing equations. The numerical results were validated using analytical solutions, existing experimental data from the literature and published numerical studies. Different model parameters were varied to simulate their effect on droplet temperature, mass profiles and also the effect on the timing of the shell. Higher air velocity results in faster formation of the shell. Increasing the air temperature generates high internal pressure which in turn produces significant inflation of a porous particle. The mechanical expansion is considered using concepts adapted from poroelasticity, whereby the deformation of the porous structure is strongly influenced by the pore pressure arising from heat and mass transfer as well as evaporation of the solvent in the pore space. Qualitative agreement has been obtained with published experimental results, highlighting the need for appropriate characterisation of the mechanical properties of the porous matrix which evolve as functions of porosity and temperature during the drying process.
Mapping the binding site of P2X7 receptor antagonists
Creators: name: Anfal Bin Dayel
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is a ligand gated ion channel activated by high concentrations of ATP that are usually found in conditions of stress, cellular damage and disease. Selective P2X7R antagonists therefore may have therapeutic potential for treatment of several pathological conditions. Understanding how P2X7R antagonists act on the receptor is useful to facilitate drug design. In this thesis the molecular basis for several selective P2X7R antagonists has been investigated. This was done by using a range of chimeras and mutations between antagonist sensitive hP2X7R and antagonist insensitive hP2X1R. This work showed that the selective P2X7R antagonist AZ11645373 binds at the allosteric pocket between two adjacent subunits away from the orthosteric ATP binding pocket. Molecular docking of AZ11645373 is in line with effects of mutations on the sensitivity to the antagonist. The allosteric binding mode of AZ11645373 explains variation in antagonist sensitivity between human and rat P2X7Rs. Comparing the effects of allosteric point mutations of AZ11645373 with other previously characterized allosteric inhibitors demonstrated that there is a similar reduction in sensitivity with the F88A, T90V, D92A, F103A and V312A mutations. These allosteric mutations were used as a signature to identify the site of action for P2X7R antagonists ZINC58368839, KN-62, Brilliant Blue G and Calmidazolium. The combination of signature allosteric point mutations and molecular docking propose that ZINC58368839 has a mode of binding similar to AZ11645373. However, the binding site for the large molecule P2X7R antagonists KN-62, Brilliant Blue G and Calmidazolium appear to be more complex, because they not only bind at the allosteric site but also extend into the central cavity. In conclusion, this thesis has enhanced our knowledge of selective P2X7R antagonists and advanced a template to develop allosteric P2X7R inhibitors.
Quantum Instability of the Cauchy Horizon in Reissner-Nordström-deSitter Spacetime
Creators: name: Hollands, Stefan
name: Wald, Robert M.
name: Zahn, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical General Relativity, the values of fields on spacetime are uniquely determined by their values at an initial time within the domain of dependence of this initial data surface. However, it may occur that the spacetime under consideration extends beyond this domain of dependence, and fields, therefore, are not entirely determined by their initial data. This occurs, for example, in the well-known (maximally) extended Reissner-Nordström or Reissner-Nordström-deSitter (RNdS) spacetimes. The boundary of the region determined by the initial data is called the "Cauchy horizon." It is located inside the black hole in these spacetimes. The strong cosmic censorship conjecture asserts that the Cauchy horizon does not, in fact, exist in practice because the slightest perturbation (of the metric itself or the matter fields) will become singular there in a sufficiently catastrophic way that solutions cannot be extended beyond the Cauchy horizon. Thus, if strong cosmic censorship holds, the Cauchy horizon will be converted into a "final singularity," and determinism will hold. Recently, however, it has been found that, classically this is not the case in RNdS spacetimes in a certain range of mass, charge, and cosmological constant. In this paper, we consider a quantum scalar field in RNdS spacetime and show that quantum theory comes to the rescue of strong cosmic censorship. We find that for any state that is nonsingular (i.e., Hadamard) within the domain of dependence, the expected stress-tensor blows up with affine parameter, $V$, along a radial null geodesic transverse to the Cauchy horizon as $T_{VV} \sim C/V^2$ with $C$ independent of the state and $C \neq 0$ generically in RNdS spacetimes. This divergence is stronger than in the classical theory and should be sufficient to convert the Cauchy horizon into a strong curvature singularity.
description: 50 pages, abstract truncated due to arXiv length restriction. v2: minor corrections
Microwave shielding of ultracold polar molecules with imperfectly circular polarization
Creators: name: Karman, Tijs
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of microwave radiation to produce a repulsive shield between pairs of ultracold polar molecules and prevent collisional losses that occur when molecular pairs reach short range. We carry out coupled-channels calculations on RbCs+RbCs and CaF+CaF collisions in microwave fields. We show that effective shielding requires predominantly circular polarization, but can still be achieved with elliptical polarization that is around 90% circular.
A Lattice Calculation of Thermal Dilepton Rates
Creators: name: Karsch, F.
name: Laermann, E.
name: Petreczky, P.
name: Stickan, S.
name: Wetzorke, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using clover improved Wilson fermions we calculate thermal vector meson correlation functions above the deconfinement phase transition of quenched QCD. At temperatures 1.5 Tc and 3Tc they are found to differ by less than 15% from that of a freely propagating quark anti-quark pair. This puts severe constraints on the dilepton production rate and in particular rules out a strong divergence of the dilepton rate at low energies. The vector spectral function, which has been reconstructed using the Maximum Entropy Method, yields an enhancement of the dilepton rate over the Born rate of at most a factor two in the energy interval 4 < E/T < 8 and suggests that the spectrum is cut-off at low energies by a thermal mass threshold of about (2-3)T.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX2e File, 5 EPS files; minor corrections, modified error bins in Fig.2a
Are sills a record of applied horizontal compression?
Creators: name: Stephens, Tara Louise
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Igneous sills represent an important component of the deformation history in volcanic settings, yet palaeostress analyses in volcanic regions focus only on dykes. The close spatial relationship between sills and dykes in layered host rocks has led many models to propose that sills are fed by dykes, and that dyke-to-sill transitions are driven by layering. Such models require a local stress rotation – from horizontal extension for dykes, to horizontal compression for sills – suggesting low-deviatoric stress, facilitating the dilation and intrusion of pre-existing discontinuities. These models, however, do not account for sill geometries that cut across layered host rocks.To constrain the controls on the emplacement, geometry, and distribution of sills in layered media, this thesis presents a detailed structural characterization of three sill complexes: The Loch Scridain Sills (Isle of Mull, UK); the Little Minch Sills (Isle of Skye, UK); and the San Rafael Sills (Utah, USA). To constrain the stress state during sill emplacement I fit mechanical models for slip tendency, dilation tendency, and fracture susceptibility to local and overall sill attitudes. I also present a new depth-independent mechanical model to constrain the paleostress ratio and driving fluid pressure ratio during emplacement, using sill attitude and opening angle.This thesis demonstrates that host rock layering is not always the primary control on the location and distribution of sills in layered media. Sills in Mull and Utah represent magma-filled thrust faults, which were emplaced contemporaneously with a previously unrecognized applied horizontal compression; sills in Skye reflect components of layering control, overprinted by stress state control. I show that structural field analyses are an important, and often overlooked, component of sill-complex studies. The results presented here have critical implications to the development, final architecture, and tectonic significance of sill complexes, and also to the scale of observation required to properly assess the dyke to sill transition.
Forbidden frozen-in dark matter
Creators: name: Darmé, Luc
name: Hryczuk, Andrzej
name: Karamitros, Dimitrios
name: Roszkowski, Leszek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine and point out the importance of a regime of dark matter production through the freeze-in mechanism that results from a large thermal correction to a decaying mediator particle mass from hot plasma in the early Universe. We show that mediator decays to dark matter that are kinematically forbidden at the usually considered ranges of low temperatures can be generically present at higher temperatures and actually dominate the overall dark matter production, thus leading to very distinct solutions from the standard case. We illustrate these features by considering a dark Higgs portal model where dark matter is produced via decays of a scalar field with a large thermal mass. We identify the resulting ranges of parameters that are consistent with the correct dark matter relic abundance and further apply current and expected future collider, cosmological, and astrophysical limits.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures; v2: References updated, typos corrected, matches version published in JHEP
Branes on Charged Dilatonic Backgrounds: Self-Tuning, Lorentz Violations and Cosmology
Creators: name: Grojean, C.
name: Quevedo, F.
name: Tasinato, G.
name: Zavala, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an n+q+2 dimensional background that has dilatonic q-brane singularities and that is charged under an antisymmetric tensor field, the background spacetime being maximally symmetric in n-dimensions with constant curvature k=0,+1,-1. For k=1 the bulk solutions correspond to black q-branes. For k=0,-1 the geometry resembles the `white hole' region of the Reissner-N"ordstrom solution with a past Cauchy horizon. The metric between the (timelike) singularity and the horizon is static whereas beyond the horizon it is cosmological. In the particular case of q=0, we study the motion of a codimension one n-brane in these charged dilatonic backgrounds that interpolate between the original scalar self-tuning and the black hole geometry and provide a way to avoid the naked singularity problem and/or the need of having exotic matter on the brane. These backgrounds are asymmetrically warped and so break 4D Lorentz symmetry in a way that is safe for particle physics but may lead to faster than light propagation in the gravitational sector.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures, JHEP LaTeX. Few typos corrected. Published version
Coupled Systems of Differential-Algebraic and Kinetic Equations with Application to the Mathematical Modelling of Muscle Tissue
Creators: name: Plunder, Steffen
name: Simeon, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a coupled system composed of a linear differential-algebraic equation (DAE) and a linear large-scale system of ordinary differential equations where the latter stands for the dynamics of numerous identical particles. Replacing the discrete particles by a kinetic equation for a particle density, we obtain in the mean-field limit the new class of partially kinetic systems. We investigate the influence of constraints on the kinetic theory of those systems and present necessary adjustments. We adapt the mean-field limit to the DAE model and show that index reduction and the mean-field limit commute. As a main result, we prove Dobrushin's stability estimate for linear systems. The estimate implies convergence of the mean-field limit and provides a rigorous link between the particle dynamics and their kinetic description. Our research is inspired by mathematical models for muscle tissue where the macroscopic behaviour is governed by the equations of continuum mechanics, often discretised by the finite element method, and the microscopic muscle contraction process is described by Huxley's sliding filament theory. The latter represents a kinetic equation that characterises the state of the actin-myosin bindings in the muscle filaments. Linear partially kinetic systems are a simplified version of such models, with focus on the constraints.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures
Lattice Option Pricing By Multidimensional Interpolation
Creators: name: Kargin, Vladislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A05; 65D05

description: This note proposes a method for pricing high-dimensional American options based on modern methods of multidimensional interpolation. The method allows using sparse grids and thus mitigates the curse of dimensionality. A framework of the pricing algorithm and the corresponding interpolation methods are discussed, and a theorem is demonstrated that suggests that the pricing method is less vulnerable to the curse of dimensionality. The method is illustrated by an application to rainbow options and compared to Least Squares Monte Carlo and other benchmarks.
description: 12 pages, tables omitted
Pectinopygus bifasciatus
Creators: name: Ilieva, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Pectinopygus
Pectinopygus bifasciatus

description: Pectinopygus bifasciatus (Piaget, 1880)
 Report: [1] Touleshkov (1958).
 Synonym: Epipelecanus bifasciatus Piaget [1].
 Host: Pelecanus crispus Bruch [1].
 Distribution in Bulgaria: Dobrich, Srebarna (Silistra Region) [1].
description: Published as part of Ilieva, Mihaela, 2009, Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 2138 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2138.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5314302
Torquing the Condensate: Angular Momentum Transport in Bose-Einstein Condensates by Solitonic "Corkscrew"
Creators: name: Kanai, Toshiaki
name: Guo, Wei
name: Tsubota, Makoto
name: Jin, Dafei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When rotating classical fluid drops merge together, angular momentum can be advected from one to another due to the viscous shear flow at the drop interface. It remains elusive what the corresponding mechanism is in inviscid quantum fluids such as Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). Here we report our theoretical study of an initially static BEC merging with a rotating BEC in three-dimensional space along the rotational axis. We show that a soliton sheet resembling a "corkscrew" spontaneously emerges at the interface. Rapid angular momentum transfer at a constant rate universally proportional to the initial angular momentum density is observed. Strikingly, this transfer does not necessarily involve fluid advection or drifting of the quantized vortices. We reveal that the solitonic corkscrew can exert a torque that directly creates angular momentum in the static BEC and annihilates angular momentum in the rotating BEC. Uncovering this intriguing angular momentum transport mechanism may benefit our understanding of various coherent matter-wave systems, spanning from atomtronics on chips to dark matter BECs at cosmic scales.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Pectinopygus brevicornis
Creators: name: Ilieva, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Pectinopygus
Pectinopygus brevicornis

description: Pectinopygus brevicornis (Denny, 1842)
 Report: [1] Touleshkov (1958).
 Synonym: Philichthyophaga brevicornis Denny [1].
 Host: Phalacrocorax aristotelis (L.) [1].
 Distribution in Bulgaria: Varna [1].
description: Published as part of Ilieva, Mihaela, 2009, Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 2138 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2138.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5314302
Investigating Aspirin and Ticagrelor for the prevention of tumour cell-induced platelet aggregation
Creators: name: Chauhan, Meera
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Background:Tumour-cell induced platelet aggregation (TCIPA) increases the metastatic potential ofcancer. Mechanisms include protection of tumour cells from immune destruction,interaction of platelet receptors with tumour ligands to facilitate adhesion, andenrichment of the tumour microenvironment, promoting extravasation andproliferation. Use of antiplatelet agents could reduce TCIPA, resulting in reducedmetastatic progression and increased patient survival. Ticagrelor, a P2Y12 antagonist, isan antiplatelet medication used in cardiovascular disease. To date, this has not beeninvestigated for the reduction of TCIPA in cancer patients. This study investigated theeffects of Ticagrelor and aspirin as monotherapy and dual therapy in metastatic breastand colorectal cancer patients.Method:Blood was collected from healthy volunteers and patients with metastatic cancer. Theinitial study focused on assay development, and in vitro experiments investigatingplatelet activation. An interventional study investigated platelet activation in healthydonors and patients with metastatic breast or colorectal cancer. Participants wererandomised to receive aspirin or Ticagrelor for 2 weeks, followed by a 2-week washoutand crossover to the other monotherapy, before completing 2 weeks of dualtherapy. Blood samples were taken at baseline and the end of each treatment. Lighttransmission aggregometry assessed platelet reactivity in terms of spontaneousaggregation and aggregation response to agonists. Flow cytometry measured theactivation status of the platelets by the amount of P-selectin expression, fibrinogenbinding and Annexin-V binding. Extracellular vesicles were quantified by flowcytometry, and cell-free DNA by qPCR; these were explored as potential biomarkers.Results:17 healthy volunteers and 57 metastatic cancer patients provided blood samples for theinitial study. Cancer patients had significantly higher amounts of spontaneousaggregation and levels of P-selectin expression compared to healthy volunteers. 20healthy people, 10 breast and 6 colorectal cancer patients started the interventionalstudy. Colorectal patients had higher spontaneous aggregation at baseline, which couldbe significantly reduced by Ticagrelor. Breast patients had higher amounts of fibrinogenbinding at baseline, and this was significantly reduced by Ticagrelor.Conclusion:Platelets from cancer patients are hyperreactive, as evidenced by their ability tospontaneously aggregate, and the higher expression of platelet activation markers.These platelets have a high sensitivity to P2Y12 inhibition, and Ticagrelor reduced theactivation of platelets with a low incidence of patient adverse outcomes. This warrantslarger studies into Ticagrelor as an adjunct to anticancer treatment and potentialprophylactic treatment for cancer-associated venous thromboembolism.
Effective conductivity in a lattice model for binary disordered media with complex distributions of grain sizes
Creators: name: Piasecki, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using numerical simulations and analytical approximations we study a modified version of the two-dimensional lattice model [R. Piasecki,phys. stat. sol. (b) 209, 403 (1998)] for random pH:(1-p)L systems consisting of grains of high (low) conductivity for H-(L-)phase, respectively. The modification reduces a spectrum of model bond conductivities to the two pure ones and the mixed one. The latter value explicitly depends on the average concentration gamma(p) of the H-component per model cell. The effective conductivity as a function of content p of the H-phase in such systems can be modelled making use of three model parameters that are sensitive to both grain size distributions, GSD(H) and GSD(L). However, to incorporate into the model information directly connected with a given GSD, a computer simulation of the geometrical arrangement of grains is necessary. By controlling the polydispersity in grain sizes and their relative area frequencies, the effective conductivity could be raised or decreased and correlated with gamma(p). When the phases are interchanged, a hysteresis-loop-like behaviour of the effective conductivity, characteristic of dual media, is found. We also show that the topological non-equivalence of the system's microstructure accompanies some GSDs, and it can be detected by the entropic measure of the spatial inhomogeneity of model cells.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, published version
Infrared behavior of Weyl Gravity: Functional Renormalization Group approach
Creators: name: Jizba, Petr
name: Rachwal, Leslaw
name: Knap, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from an ultraviolet fixed point, we study the infrared behavior of quantum Weyl gravity in terms of a functional renormalization group (RG) flow equation. To do so, we employ two classes of Bach-flat backgrounds, namely maximally symmetric spacetimes and Ricci-flat backgrounds in the improved one-loop scheme. We show that in the absence of matter fields and with a topological term included, the effective action exhibits dynamical breaking of scale symmetry. In particular, it is shown that apart from a genuine IR fixed point that is reached at a zero-value of the running scale, the RG flow also exhibits bouncing behavior in the IR regime. We demonstrate that both $β_C$ and $β_E$ reach the RG turning point (almost) simultaneously at the same finite energy scale, irrespectively of the chosen background. The IR fixed point itself is found to be IR-stable in the space of the considered couplings. Ensuing scaling dimensions of both operators are also computed. Salient issues, including the connection of the observed bouncing RG flow behavior with holography and prospective implications in early Universe cosmology, are also briefly discussed.
description: 21 pages (main article), 15 pages (supplemental material), 1 figure; journal version with a supplement added at the end of the main article, citations and hyperlinks added
Conditions for the confirmation of three-particle non-locality
Creators: name: Mitchell, Peter
name: Popescu, Sandu
name: Roberts, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of genuine three-particle non-locality introduced by Svetlichny \cite{Svetlichny} is discussed. Svetlichny's inequality which can distinguish between genuine three-particle non-locality and two-particle non-locality is analyzed by reinterpreting it as a frustrated network of correlations. Its quantum mechanical maximum violation is derived and a situation is presented that produces the maximum violation. It is shown that the measurements performed in recent experiments to demonstrate GHZ entanglement \cite{Bouwmeester}, \cite{Pan} do not allow this inequality to be violated, and hence can not be taken as confirmation of genuine three-particle non-locality. Modifications to the experiments that would make such a confirmation possible are discussed.
description: minor revisions, references added
An In Depth Analysis Of Cyberconflict: A Case Study Of British Muslims And The #Notinmyname Movement
Creators: name: Kartini B. Kamaruzzaman
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This research concerns the #NotInMyName movement which was first initiated by a group of British Muslims in the United Kingdom in September 2014 to retaliate against extremist groups and to tackle online radicalisation. This thesis examines, first, the role of religion in the socio-political and ethnoreligious dimensions of #NotInMyName and, second, the influence of digital media on the said movement including the uses of ICT and social media within the group of British Muslims. This research employs the cyberconflict framework (2006), which is an analytical model that synthesises approaches to social movement theory, media theory and conflict theory, and calls for the framework to be extended to account more effectively for the role of religion in social movements that involve forms of ethno-religious conflict. The research uses a qualitative single case-study design and employs mixed method techniques of data collection ranging from semi-structured interviews, Twitter data (tweets) and news articles to public documentation on movement activists and organisations‟ websites. The research findings contribute to and expand debates on British Muslims‟ participation in socio-political movements. The research findings found that religion (with an empirical focus on Islam) plays important yet various roles. First, religion helped shape the socio-political and ethnoreligious characteristics of the #NotInMyName movement and, second, religion has informed the uses of digital media among British Muslim actors in the said movement.
Pectinopygus excornis
Creators: name: Ilieva, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Pectinopygus
Pectinopygus excornis

description: Pectinopygus excornis (Blagoveshtchensky, 1940)
 Report: [1] Touleshkov (1958).
 Synonym: Philichthyophaga excorne Blagoveshtchensky [1].
 Host: Phalacrocorax pygmeus (Pallas) [1].
 Distribution in Bulgaria: Varna [1].
description: Published as part of Ilieva, Mihaela, 2009, Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 2138 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2138.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5314302
Langevin Evolution of Disoriented Chiral Condensate
Creators: name: Bettencourt, Luis M. A.
name: Rajagopal, Krishna
name: Steele, James V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the matter produced in a relativistic heavy ion collision cools through the QCD phase transition, the dynamical evolution of the chiral condensate will be driven out of thermal equilibrium. As a prelude to analyzing this evolution, and in particular as a prelude to learning how rapid the cooling must be in order for significant deviations from equilibrium to develop, we present a detailed analysis of the time-evolution of an idealized region of disoriented chiral condensate. We set up a Langevin field equation which can describe the evolution of these (or more realistic) linear sigma model configurations in contact with a heat bath representing the presence of other shorter wavelength degrees of freedom. We first analyze the model in equilibrium, paying particular attention to subtracting ultraviolet divergent classical terms and replacing them by their finite quantum counterparts. We use known results from lattice gauge theory and chiral perturbation theory to fix nonuniversal constants. The result is a theory which is ultraviolet cutoff independent and that reproduces quantitatively the expected equilibrium behavior of the quantum field theory of pions and sigma fields over a wide range of temperatures. Finally, we estimate the viscosity $η(T)$, which controls the dynamical timescale in the Langevin equation, by requiring that the timescale for DCC decay agrees with previous calculations. The resulting $η(T)$ is larger than that found perturbatively. We also determine the temperature below which the classical field Langevin equation ceases to be a good model for the quantum field dynamics.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, uses RevTex; v2 very small change to the caption of Fig.7. Version to appear in Nucl. phys. A
Type III Seesaw for Neutrino Masses in $U(1)_{B-L}$ Model with Multi-component Dark Matter
Creators: name: Biswas, Anirban
name: Borah, Debasish
name: Nanda, Dibyendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a $B-L$ gauged extension of the Standard Model where light neutrino masses arise from type III seesaw mechanism. Unlike the minimal $B-L$ model with three right handed neutrinos having unit lepton number each, the model with three fermion triplets is however not anomaly free. We show that the leftover triangle anomalies can be cancelled by two neutral Dirac fermions having fractional $B-L$ charges, both of which are naturally stable by virtue of a remnant $\mathbb{Z}_2 \times \mathbb{Z}'_2$ symmetry, naturally leading to a two component dark matter scenario without any ad-hoc symmetries. We constrain the model from all relevant phenomenological constraints including dark matter properties. Light neutrino mass and collider prospects are also discussed briefly. Due to additional neutral gauge bosons, the fermion triplets in type III seesaw can have enhanced production cross section in collider experiment.
description: 50 pages,11 figures, 5 tables, version accepted for publication in JHEP
Kinetic energy driven superconductivity and pseugogap phase in weakly doped antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Wrobel, P.
name: Eder, R.
name: Micnas, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an effective Hamiltonian for spin polarons forming in weakly doped antiferromagnets and demonstrate that the system becomes superconducting at finite doping. We argue that the driving mechanism which gives rise to superconductivity is lowering of the kinetic energy by formation of mobile antiferromagnetic spin bipolarons. That source of attraction between holes is by definition effective if the antiferromagnetic correlation length is longer than the radius of forming polarons. Notwithstanding that the attraction is strongest in the undoped system with long range order, the superconducting order parameter vanishes when the doping parameter decreases which should be attributed to emptying the spin polaron band and approaching the Mott insulator phase. Since the hypothetical normal phase of low density gas of fermions is unstable against formation of bound hole pairs the intensity of low energy excitations is suppressed and the pseudogap forms in the underdoped region.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Replica Wormholes and the Entropy of Hawking Radiation
Creators: name: Almheiri, Ahmed
name: Hartman, Thomas
name: Maldacena, Juan
name: Shaghoulian, Edgar
name: Tajdini, Amirhossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The information paradox can be realized in anti-de Sitter spacetime joined to a Minkowski region. In this setting, we show that the large discrepancy between the von Neumann entropy as calculated by Hawking and the requirements of unitarity is fixed by including new saddles in the gravitational path integral. These saddles arise in the replica method as complexified wormholes connecting different copies of the black hole. As the replica number $n \to 1$, the presence of these wormholes leads to the island rule for the computation of the fine-grained gravitational entropy. We discuss these replica wormholes explicitly in two-dimensional Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity coupled to matter.
description: 46 pages; v2 references added
On the gravitational entropy of accelerating black holes
Creators: name: Guha, Sarbari
name: Chakraborty, Samarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we have examined the validity of a proposed definition of gravitational entropy in the context of accelerating black hole solutions of the Einstein field equations, which represent the realistic black hole solutions. We have adopted a phenomenological approach proposed in Rudjord et al [20] and expanded by Romero et al [21], in which the Weyl curvature hypothesis is tested against the expressions for the gravitational entropy. Considering the $C$-metric for the accelerating black holes, we have evaluated the gravitational entropy and the corresponding entropy density for four different types of black holes, namely, non-rotating black hole, non-rotating charged black hole, rotating black hole and rotating charged black hole. We end up by discussing the merits of such an analysis and the possible reason of failure in the particular case of rotating charged black hole and comment on the possible resolution of the problem.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures
Reevaluating Uncertainties in $\bar B\to X_sγ$ Decay
Creators: name: Gunawardana, Ayesh
name: Paz, Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare decay $\bar B\to X_sγ$ is an important probe of physics beyond the standard model. The largest uncertainty on the total rate and the CP asymmetry arises from resolved photon contributions. These appear first at order $1/m_b$ and are related to operators other than $Q_{7γ}$ in the effective weak Hamiltonian. One of the three leading contributions, $Q^q_1-Q_{7γ}$, is described by a non-local function whose moments are related to HQET parameters. We use recent progress in our knowledge of these parameters to reevaluate the resolved photon contribution to $\bar B\to X_sγ$ total rate and CP asymmetry.
description: Text and references added. Journal version
Pectinopygus forficulatus
Creators: name: Ilieva, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Pectinopygus
Pectinopygus forficulatus

description: Pectinopygus forficulatus (Nitzsch [In Giebel], 1866)
 Report: [1] Touleshkov (1958).
 Synonym: Epipelecanus forficulatus Nitzsch [1].
 Host: Pelecanus onocrotalus L. [1].
 Distribution in Bulgaria: Dobrich, Lukovit, Varna [1].
description: Published as part of Ilieva, Mihaela, 2009, Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 2138 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2138.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5314302
LAN -- A materials notation for 2D layered assemblies
Creators: name: Tritsaris, Georgios A.
name: Xie, Yiqi
name: Rush, Alexander M.
name: Carr, Stephen
name: Mattheakis, Marios
name: Kaxiras, Efthimios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials offer intriguing possibilities for novel physics and applications. Before any attempt at exploring the materials space in a systematic fashion, or combining insights from theory, computation and experiment, a formal description of information about an assembly of arbitrary composition is required. Here, we introduce a domain-generic notation that is used to describe the space of 2D layered materials from monolayers to twisted assemblies of arbitrary composition, existent or not-yet-fabricated. The notation corresponds to a theoretical materials concept of stepwise assembly of layered structures using a sequence of rotation, vertical stacking, and other operations on individual 2D layers. Its scope is demonstrated with a number of example structures using common single-layer materials as building blocks. This work overall aims to contribute to the systematic codification, capture and transfer of materials knowledge in the area of 2D layered materials.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Supplementary Figures from Population densities predict forebrain size variation in the cleaner fish Labroides dimidiatus
Creators: name: Zegni Triki
name: Levorato, Elena
name: McNeely, William
name: Marshall, Justin
name: Redouan Bshary
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The ‘social brain hypothesis' proposes a causal link between social complexity and either brain size or the size of key brain parts known to be involved in cognitive processing and decision-making. While previous work has focused on comparisons between species, how social complexity affects plasticity in brain morphology at the intraspecific level remains mostly unexplored. A suitable study model is the mutualist ‘cleaner’ fish Labroides dimidiatus, a species that removes ectoparasites from a variety of ‘client’ fishes in iterative social interactions. Here, we report a positive relationship between the local density of cleaners, as a proxy of both intra- and interspecific sociality, and the size of the cleaner's brain parts suggested to be associated with cognitive functions, such as the diencephalon and telencephalon (that together form the forebrain). In contrast, the size of the mesencephalon, rhombencephalon and brain stem, assumed more basal in function, were independent of local fish densities. Selective enlargement of brain parts, that is mosaic brain adjustment, appears to be driven by population density in cleaner fish.
Big bang nucleosynthesis constraints on bulk neutrinos
Creators: name: Goh, H. S.
name: Mohapatra, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the constraints imposed by the requirement of successful big bang nucleosynthesis on models with one large extra dimension and a single bulk neutrino. We solve the Boltzman kinetic equations for the thermal distribution of bulk neutrino modes and evaluate their contribution to the energy density of the universe at the BBN epoch. This helps us to constrain the size of the extra dimensions and the mixing parameter between the active and bulk neutrinos.
description: Minor changes in text; final results unchanged; a shortened version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Consumer Confidence in the Food System, Media Coverage and Stock Prices for the Food Industry
Creators: name: Garcia-Fuentes, Pablo
name: Ferreira, Gustavo
name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Kinsey, Jean D.
name: Degeneffe, Dennis
name: Garcia-Fuentes, Pablo
name: Ferreira, Gustavo
name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Kinsey, Jean D.
name: Degeneffe, Dennis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty
Productivity Analysis

description: Ongoing food safety incidents have generated a national interest in the significant costs that food recalls impose on stakeholders. This paper examines the impact of media coverage of food safety events on consumer confidence in food safety, and measures the response of stock prices of food companies to changes in consumer confidence. Results show that increases in media coverage have a negative impact on consumer confidence, and that decreases in the levels of consumer confidence regarding food safety have a negative impact on a stock price index for a basket of food companies. These findings suggest that financial performance of food companies is generally and negatively affected by food safety events, even though the event may be company and/or category-specific in nature.
Additional file 2: of Contrast-induced acute kidney injury and adverse clinical outcomes risk in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yang, Yi
name: George, Kaisha
name: Luo, Ran
name: Cheng, Yichun
name: Shang, Weifeng
name: Ge, Shuwang
name: Xu, Gang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Search strategy to identify studies. (PDF 224 kb)
Market and Pricing Potential for Extended Season Fresh Produce Sales: An Intermountain West Example
Creators: name: Curtis, Kynda R.
name: Yeager, Irvin
name: Black, Brent
name: Drost, Daniel
name: Ward, Ruby
name: Curtis, Kynda R.
name: Yeager, Irvin
name: Black, Brent
name: Drost, Daniel
name: Ward, Ruby
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This study assesses the potential for extending the farmers’ market season in the Intermountain West by evaluating producer and market manager perceptions regarding product availability, pricing, and marketing realities through web-based surveys conducted in 2011. Potential extended season fresh produce pricing was evaluated through forecasting models using pricing data collected at farmers’ markets in the region. Study results show that both producers and market managers perceive potential benefits to extending the market season, but detail potential obstacles, such as location and costs. Produce price premiums in the extended season are likely, but vary by product in magnitude and timing.
Single-spin asymmetries and soft-gluon poles
Creators: name: Koike, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanism for the single transverse spin asymmeties in the pion production, p^\uparrow + p'\to π(\ell_T) + X, and the Λhyperon polarization, p + p' \to Λ^\uparrow (\ell_T)+ X, is investigated in the framework of QCD factorization theorem. We identify all the soft-gluon pole contributions coming from the twist-3 distribution and/or fragmentation functions and show that they give rise to large asymmetries at large x_F.
description: Talk presented at the conference DIS2001 held at Bologna, Italy from April 27 to May 1, 2001. 4 pages with 2 figures in Latex
Dynamics of Consumer Response to Food Contamination: The 2007 Peanut Butter Recall
Creators: name: Bakhtavoryan, Rafael
name: Capps, Oral
name: Salin, Victoria
name: Bakhtavoryan, Rafael
name: Capps, Oral
name: Salin, Victoria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: We investigate the foodborne illness outbreak affecting a national brand of peanut butter to determine how demand for the product category was affected. The illness outbreak coincided with growth in the quantity demanded for the peanut butter category. The negative impact on the category associated with the initiation of the product recall was significant and dissipated over time. The recovery of the product category after the recall indicates that the information was correctly targeted and actions of the companies in the market overcame the initial food scare.
Bad Quality and the Peach Industry: Consumer Reaction to Inferior Produce
Creators: name: Campbell, Benjamin L.
name: Mhlanga, Saneliso
name: Lesschaeve, Isabelle
name: Campbell, Benjamin L.
name: Mhlanga, Saneliso
name: Lesschaeve, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty

description: The impact of introducing low quality fruit into the supply chain can have ramifications throughout the value chain. Taking peaches as an example, we utilize a Canada wide online consumer survey to better understand how a low quality purchase will affect a consumers’ repurchase from the same producer, packer, retailer, and region. Results indicate that approximately half of respondents showed a lower propensity to repurchase from value chain members, including a decreased propensity to repurchase from the production region selling lower quality fruit. Further, consumer characteristics and behaviors do play a role in how a consumer places blame for lower quality peaches.