Anacroneuria saofrancisco Novaes & Vilela & Lopez & Ferreira 2018, n. sp.
Creators: name: Novaes, Marcos Carneiro
name: Vilela, Diogo Silva
name: Lopez, Vinicius Marques
name: Ferreira, Rhainer Guillermo Nascimento
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Anacroneuria
Anacroneuria saofrancisco

description: Anacroneuria saofrancisco n. sp.
Figures 2–6.
Material examined. Holotype male: BRAZIL (BR), Minas Gerais State (MG), Serra da Canastra National Park (SCNP), Rio do Peixe (-20.2569, -46.4097), 17–19.x.2017, GFT, MZSP. Paratypes: BR, MG, SCNP, 2 males and 3 females, Rio do Peixe (20.2569, -46.4097), 17–19.x.2017, GFT, MZSP. Additional material: BR, MG, SCNP, 2 nymphs, Rio do Peixe (-20.2569, -46.4097), 17–19.x.2017, GFT, MZSP.
Description. General color brown. Head light brown with central part yellowish; clypeal area setose; M-line incomplete, slightly visible and with diffuse limits; (Fig. 2); lappets brown; gena and parietalia light brown; postfrontal line U-shaped; antenna and palps brow. Pronotum dark brown, with whitish bands medially and laterally (Fig. 2). Legs, femora light brown, tibia and tarsi darker. Wing membrane and veins brown. Cerci brown.
Male. Forewing length 11.1–11.7 mm. Hammer a truncate cone (Fig. 3). Penial armature with a pair of small ventral, membranous lobes (Figs. 4–6); in dorsal view, 3-lobed apically with lateral lobes (shoulders) well sclerotized (Fig. 4); ventral apical part (Fig. 5) a thin flap-shaped sclerotized structure (ventral membranous lobes are attached to this structure); hooks relatively large, regularly curved and with apex pointed (Fig. 5); dorsal keel absent.
Female. Forewing length 14.7–15.5 mm. Subgenital plate light brown and 4-lobed (Fig. 7). Median notch relatively deep, mesal lobes wider than lateral ones. Lateral lobes slightly shorter than medial ones. Egg elongate oval, ca. 0.22 x 0.45 mm (Fig. 8).
Nymph. General color dark brown. Head dark brown with lighter areas near ocelli, compound eyes and parietallia (Fig. 9); M-line slightly visible and with diffuse limits; eyes and ocelli black. Pronotum dark brown with median line and scattered areas light brown (Fig. 9). Mandibles, maxillae, and labium as in Figs. 10–12, respectively. Forefemur with lateral surface covered by sparse bristles (Fig. 13); dorsally and ventrally with higher density of thick bristles; dorsally, with strong fringe of hairs. Tibia ventrally with sparse thick bristles, and dorsally with a row of thick bristles and a well-developed band of hairs. Cerci dark brown with thick bristles; segments differ in shape and size from base to apex (Fig. 14). Thoracic gills: ASC1, PSC1, AT2, AT3 and PT3 (sensu Shepard & Stewart 1983; Stewart & Stark 2002). Measurements (n=5): head width 2.9–3.1 mm; head length 1.7– 1.9 mm; antennae length 5.5–5.8 mm; pronotum width 3.0– 3.4 mm; pronotum length 1.8–2.5 mm; cercal length 6.9–7.1 mm; total length (without cerci) 10.9–11.5 mm.
Remarks. The penial armature of A. saofrancisco resembles A. tabatae Froehlich 2010a. However, the apical penial structure of A. saofrancisco is wider than A. tabatae, as shown in ventral, dorsal, and lateral views (Figs. 4– 6). Additionally, A. tabatae has only a single ventral membranous lobe, whereas A. saofrancisco has two.
The head and pronotal color pattern of the nymphs of A. saofrancisco resembles that of A. flintorum Froehlich 2002 (Almeida et al., 2018). However, the nymph of A. saofrancisco is lighter than A. flintorum. Furthermore, the M-line in A. flintorum is well defined but indistinct in A. saofrancisco.
Etymology. This name refers to the São Francisco River where the specimens were collected.
description: Published as part of Novaes, Marcos Carneiro, Vilela, Diogo Silva, Lopez, Vinicius Marques & Ferreira, Rhainer Guillermo Nascimento, 2018, Certain species of Plecoptera from the headwater springs of National Integration River (São Francisco), Brazil, pp. 195-200 in Zootaxa 4429 (1) on pages 196-197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4429.1.13, http://zenodo.org/record/1279732