cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Force Detection Sensitivity Spectrum Calibration of Levitated Nanomechanical Sensor Using Harmonic Coulomb Force
Creators: name: Fu, Zhenhai
name: Zhu, Shaochong
name: Dong, Ying
name: Chen, Xingfan
name: Hu, Huizhu
name: Gao, Xiaowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillators based on levitated particles are promising for the development of ultrasensitive force detectors. The theoretical performance of levitated nanomechanical sensors is usually characterized by the so-called thermal noise limit force detection sensitivity, which does not exhibit spectral specificity in practical measurements. To characterize the actual detection performance, we propose a method for the force detection sensitivity calibration of a levitated nanomechanical sensor based on the harmonic Coulomb force. Utilizing the measured transfer function, we obtained the force detection sensitivity spectrum from the position spectrum. Although the thermal noise limit force detection sensitivity of the system reached $\rm\left( {4.39 \pm 0.62} \right) \times {10^{ - 20}} N/H{z^{1/2}}$ at $\rm{2.4\times10^{-6} mbar}$ with feedback cooling, the measured sensitivity away from the resonance was of the order of $\rm10^{-17} N/Hz^{1/2}$ based on the existing detection noise level. The calibration method established in our study is applicable to the performance evaluation of any optical levitation system for high-sensitivity force measurements.
Dirac Equation in (1+1)-Dimensional Curved Spacetime and the Multiphoton Quantum Rabi Model
Creators: name: Pedernales, J. S.
name: Beau, M.
name: Pittman, S. M.
name: Egusquiza, I. L.
name: Lamata, L.
name: Solano, E.
name: del Campo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an exact mapping between the Dirac equation in (1+1)-dimensional curved spacetime (DCS) and a multiphoton quantum Rabi model (QRM). A background of a (1+1)-dimensional black hole requires a QRM with one- and two-photon terms that can be implemented in a trapped ion for the quantum simulation of Dirac particles in curved spacetime. We illustrate our proposal with a numerical analysis of the free fall of a Dirac particle into a (1+1)-dimensional black hole, and find that the Zitterbewegung effect, measurable via the oscillatory trajectory of the Dirac particle, persists in the presence of gravity. From the duality between the squeezing term in the multiphoton QRM and the metric coupling in the DCS, we show that gravity generates squeezing of the Dirac particle wave function.
Variational quantum amplitude estimation
Creators: name: Plekhanov, Kirill
name: Rosenkranz, Matthias
name: Fiorentini, Mattia
name: Lubasch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to perform amplitude estimation with the help of constant-depth quantum circuits that variationally approximate states during amplitude amplification. In the context of Monte Carlo (MC) integration, we numerically show that shallow circuits can accurately approximate many amplitude amplification steps. We combine the variational approach with maximum likelihood amplitude estimation [Y. Suzuki et al., Quantum Inf. Process. 19, 75 (2020)] in variational quantum amplitude estimation (VQAE). VQAE typically has larger computational requirements than classical MC sampling. To reduce the variational cost, we propose adaptive VQAE and numerically show in 6 to 12 qubit simulations that it can outperform classical MC sampling.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Scattering theory of mesons in doped antiferromagnetic Mott insulators: Multichannel perspective and Feshbach resonance
Creators: name: Homeier, Lukas
name: Bermes, Pit
name: Grusdt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling the underlying pairing mechanism of charge carriers in strongly correlated electrons, starting from a microscopic theory, is among the central challenges of condensed-matter physics. Hereby, the key task is to understand what causes the appearance of superconductivity at comparatively high temperatures upon hole doping an antiferromagnetic (AFM) Mott insulator. Recently, it has been proposed that at strong coupling and low doping, the fundamental one- and two-hole meson-type constituents -- magnetic polarons and bipolaronic pairs -- likely realize an emergent Feshbach resonance producing near-resonant $d_{x^2-y^2}$ interactions between charge carriers. Here, we provide detailed calculations of the proposed scenario by describing the open and closed meson scattering channels in the $t$-$t'$-$J$ model using a truncated basis method. After integrating out the closed channel constituted by bipolaronic pairs, we find $d_{x^2-y^2}$ attractive interactions between open channel magnetic polarons. The closed form of the derived interactions allows us analyze the resonant pairing interactions and we find enhanced (suppressed) attraction for hole (electron) doping in our model. The formalism we introduce provides a framework to analyze the implications of a possible Feshbach scenario, e.g. in the context of BEC-BCS crossover, and establishes a foundation to test quantitative aspects of the proposed Feshbach pairing mechanisms in doped antiferromagnets.
description: 20 pages + 11 figures
Breathing Inequality? Income, Ethnicity and PM2.5 Exposure in Bologna, Italy
Creators: name: Drigo, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Climate Change
subject: Sustainability
subject: Environmental inequality
subject: Environmental justice
subject: Air pollution
subject: Racial disparities
subject: Socioeconomic status

description: This study addresses the presence of an environmental justice issue along the dimensions of income and ethnicity in the urban context of Bologna, Italy. Among other Italian cities, Bologna has historically had a left-leaning political tendency and has made considerable substantial efforts to address social issues extensively. This makes it a useful cross-section dataset links gridded PM2.5 concentration data at 0.01°x0.01° resolution with census demographic characteristics and income per capita information for the year 2011. This study presents two main findings. i) It confirms the existence of an environmental justice gap, which affects vulnerable segments of the population along both income and ethnicity dimensions. A 1% increase in income per capita is associated with a 0.09% decrease in PM2.5 levels (a rise of 1 standard deviation of income per capita in the census corresponds to a reduction of -0.53 mg/m³ in PM2.5); whereas a 1% increase in the share of non-white individuals living in the census tract leads to a 0.13% increase in PM2.5 levels (+3.92 mg/m³ increase associated with a rise of 1 standard deviation in the proportion of non-whites in the census). ii) There is currently no evidence to suggest that exposure disparities for nonwhite individuals are changing depending on income level, whether it is lower or higher. Residence in lower/higher income areas of the city does not significantly exacerbate/alleviate these disparities for non-white communities. Overall, these results highlight the widespread occurrence of environmental injustice across various geographical and political settings, including those that have historically prioritized social concerns.
Composable security in relativistic quantum cryptography
Creators: name: Vilasini, V.
name: Portmann, Christopher
name: del Rio, Lidia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Relativistic protocols have been proposed to overcome some impossibility results in classical and quantum cryptography. In such a setting, one takes the location of honest players into account, and uses the fact that information cannot travel faster than the speed of light to limit the abilities of dishonest agents. For example, various relativistic bit commitment protocols have been proposed. Although it has been shown that bit commitment is sufficient to construct oblivious transfer and thus multiparty computation, composing specific relativistic protocols in this way is known to be insecure. A composable framework is required to perform such a modular security analysis of construction schemes, but no known frameworks can handle models of computation in Minkowski space. By instantiating the systems model from the Abstract Cryptography framework with Causal Boxes, we obtain such a composable framework, in which messages are assigned a location in Minkowski space (or superpositions thereof). This allows us to analyse relativistic protocols and to derive novel possibility and impossibility results. We show that (1) coin flipping can be constructed from the primitive channel with delay, (2) biased coin flipping, bit commitment and channel with delay are all impossible without further assumptions, and (3) it is impossible to improve a channel with delay. Note that the impossibility results also hold in the computational and bounded storage settings. This implies in particular non-composability of all proposed relativistic bit commitment protocols, of bit commitment in the bounded storage model, and of biased coin flipping.
description: Clarified definitions and formulations, clarified how causal boxes are instantiated, strengthened results
Contributions of the subprocess $K^*_0(1430) \to Kη^{\prime}$ in the charmless three-body $B$ meson decays
Creators: name: Ma, Ai-Jun
name: Wang, Wen-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the contributions for $Kη^{\prime}$ pair originating from the scalar intermediate state $K_0^{*}(1430)$ in the three-body decays $B\to Kη^{\prime} h$ ($h=π, K$) within the perturbative QCD approach. The contribution of $K^*_0(1430)\to Kη^{\prime}$ is described by the Flatt${\rm \acute{e}}$ formula with coupled channels $Kπ$, $Kη$ and $Kη^{\prime}$. The strong coupling constants $g_{K^*_0Kη^{(\prime)}}$ are extracted from $g_{K^*_0 Kπ}$ within flavor SU$(3)$ symmetry. In spite of the strong depression by phase space near the threshold of $Kη^\prime$, the $CP$ averaged branching fractions for the $B\to K^*_0(1430) h \to Kη^\prime h$ decays are predicted to be on the order of $10^{-8}$ to $10^{-5}$, which are non-negligible for the corresponding three-body $B$ decays. Since the K$η$ system is almost decoupled from the even-spin strange mesons under flavor SU$(3)$ symmetry, those quasi-two-body $B$ decays with subprocess $K^*_0(1430) \to K η$ shall have quite small branching ratios and are not taken into account in this work. We also estimate that the branching fraction for $K_0^{*}(1430)\to Kη^{\prime}$ is about one fifth of that for $K_0^{*}(1430)\to Kπ$. The predictions for the relevant decays are expected to be tested by the LHCb and Belle-II experiments in the future.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures and 4 tables. Matching the published version in PRD
Programmable Superpositions of Ising Configurations
Creators: name: Sieberer, Lukas M.
name: Lechner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a framework to prepare superpositions of bit strings, i.e., many-body spin configurations, with deterministic programmable probabilities. The spin configurations are encoded in the degenerate ground states of the lattice-gauge representation of an all-to-all connected Ising spin glass. The ground state manifold is invariant under variations of the gauge degrees of freedom, which take the form of four-body parity constraints. Our framework makes use of these degrees of freedom by individually tuning them to dynamically prepare programmable superpositions. The dynamics combines an adiabatic protocol with controlled diabatic transitions. We derive an effective model that allows one to determine the control parameters efficiently even for large system sizes.
description: published version, 12 pages, 4 figures
Coexistence of Antiferromagnetism and Superconductivity in Mn/Nb(110)
Creators: name: Conte, Roberto Lo
name: Bazarnik, Maciej
name: Palotás, Krisztián
name: Rózsa, Levente
name: Szunyogh, László
name: Kubetzka, André
name: von Bergmann, Kirsten
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the structural and magnetic properties of single and double atomic layers of Mn on a clean and unreconstructed Nb(110) substrate. Low-temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements reveal a proximity-induced superconducting state in the Mn thin films, which are found to grow pseudomorphically on the Nb surface. Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy measurements reveal a c(2x2) antiferromagnetic order in the Mn layers, with an out-of-plane spin-orientation. First-principles density functional theory calculations confirm the experimentally observed magnetic state, which is understood as the consequence of a strong intra- and inter-layer nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange coupling. These results are expected to be of importance for the design and the investigation of novel superconducting antiferromagnetic spintronic systems.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Scotogenic neutrino masses with gauged matter parity and gauge coupling unification
Creators: name: Hernández, A. E. Cárcamo
name: Hati, Chandan
name: Kovalenko, Sergey
name: Valle, José W. F.
name: Vaquera-Araujo, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building up on previous work we propose a Dark Matter (DM) model with gauged matter parity and dynamical gauge coupling unification, driven by the same physics responsible for scotogenic neutrino mass generation. Our construction is based on the extended gauge group \3311, whose spontaneous breaking leaves a residual conserved matter parity, $M_{P}$, stabilizing the DM particle candidates of the model. A key role is played by the Majorana ${\rm SU(3)_{L}}$-octet leptons, in allowing successful gauge coupling unification and one-loop scotogenic neutrino mass generation. Theoretical consistency allows for a \emph{plethora} of new particles at the $\lsim \mathcal{O}$(10) TeV scale, hence accessible to future collider and low-energy experiments.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Density controls the kinetic stability of ultrastable glasses
Creators: name: Fullerton, Christopher J.
name: Berthier, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a swap Monte Carlo algorithm to numerically prepare bulk glasses with kinetic stability comparable to that of glass films produced experimentally by physical vapor deposition. By melting these systems into the liquid state, we show that some of our glasses retain their amorphous structures longer than 10^5 times the equilibrium structural relaxation time. This exceptional kinetic stability cannot be achieved experimentally for bulk materials. We perform simulations at both constant volume and constant pressure to demonstrate that the density mismatch between the ultrastable glass and the equilibrium liquid accounts for a major part of the observed kinetic stability.
description: 7 Pages, 6 Figures. Figures 4b) and 5b) updated, revisions to text to improve discussion, missing page numbers added to references, typos corrected
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Albuminuria, serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate as predictors of cardio-renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and kidney disease: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Norris, Keith
name: Smoyer, Karen
name: Rolland, Catherine
name: Vaart, Jan Van Der
name: Grubb, Eliza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Individual quality assessment scores for each publication according to the Downs & Black quality assessment tool. Table S2. Risk estimates for albuminuria/proteinuria measures according to clinical outcomes reported in longitudinal publications. Table S3. Risk estimates for serum creatinine, uric acid, and estimated glomerular filtration rate measures according to clinical outcomes reported in longitudinal publications. Table S4. Risk estimates for combined albuminuria/proteinuria and serum creatinine/uric acid/estimated glomerular filtration rate measures according to clinical outcomes reported in longitudinal publications. (DOCX 315 kb)
Additional file 2: of Supporting play exploration and early developmental intervention versus usual care to enhance development outcomes during the transition from the neonatal intensive care unit to home: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Dusing, Stacey
name: Tripathi, Tanya
name: Marcinowski, Emily
name: Thacker, Leroy
name: Brown, Lisa
name: Hendricks-MuĂąoz, Karen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: List of Videos SPEEDI Phase 1. Lists the names and length of the videos provided to parents in SPEEDI Phase 1. These videos were available to the parents on an ipad or laptop computer for use during the 21Â days of Phase 1 intervention. Parents were asked to watch all the videos at least 1 time, but had access to watch them as often as they wanted. (DOCX 16 kb)
Additional file 1: of Effect and safety of acupuncture for Hwa-byung, an anger syndrome: a study protocol of a randomized controlled pilot trial
Creators: name: Hye-Yoon Lee
name: Kim, Jung-Eun
name: Mikyung Kim
name: Ae-Ran Kim
name: Hyo-Ju Park
name: O-Jin Kwon
name: Jung-Hyo Cho
name: Sun-Yong Chung
name: Kim, Joo-Hee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Checklist of Standards for Reporting Interventions in Clinical Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) (DOCX 19Â kb)
Neutrino Up-scattering via the Dipole Portal at Forward LHC Detectors
Creators: name: Ismail, Ahmed
name: Jana, Sudip
name: Abraham, Roshan Mammen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The significant neutrino flux at high rapidity at the LHC motivates dedicated forward detectors to study the properties of neutrinos at TeV energies. We investigate magnetic dipole interactions between the active neutrinos and new sterile states at emulsion and liquid argon experiments that could be located in a future Forward Physics Facility (FPF) downstream of the ATLAS interaction point. The up-scattering of neutrinos off electrons produces an electron recoil signature that can probe new regions of parameter space at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), particularly for liquid argon detectors due to low momentum thresholds. We also consider the decay of the sterile neutrino through the dipole operator, which leads to a photon that could be displaced from the production vertex. FPF detectors can test sterile neutrino states as heavy as 1 GeV produced through the dipole portal, highlighting the use of high energy LHC neutrinos as probes of new physics.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, version accepted for publication in PRD
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0047
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0047, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0047, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Multipartite separability of density matrices of graphs
Creators: name: Zhao, Hui
name: Zhao, Jing Yun
name: Jing, Naihuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new layers method is presented for multipartite separability of density matrices from simple graphs. Full separability of tripartite states is studied for graphs on degree symmetric premise. The models are generalized to multipartite systems by presenting a class of fully separable states arising from partially symmetric graphs.
description: 16 pages
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Precise genome-wide mapping of single nucleosomes and linkers in vivo
Creators: name: RÄZvan Chereji
name: Ramachandran, Srinivas
name: Bryson, Terri
name: Henikoff, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Chemical cleavages produced by H3Q85C. Figure S2. H3Q85C cleavage mapping distinguishes between real NDRs and MNase artifacts (MNase-sensitive nucleosomes). Figure S3. Determination of the gap size using cross-correlations between the distributions of the DNA fragment ends. Figure S4. Correlations among nucleosome spacing, NDR width, transcription levels, and ChIP-seq data. Figure S5. Sketch of the statistical mechanics formalism for predicting nucleosome occupancy. (PDF 2035 kb)
A note on the identity module in $c=0$ CFTs
Creators: name: He, Yifei
name: Saleur, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been understood that non-trivial Conformal Field Theories (CFTs) with vanishing central charge ($c=0$) are logarithmic. So far however, the structure of the identity module -- the (left and right) Virasoro descendants of the identity field -- had not been elucidated beyond the stress-energy tensor $T$ and its logarithmic partner $t$ (the solution of the "$c\to 0$ catastrophe"). In this paper, we determine this structure together with the associated OPE of primary fields up to level $h=\bar{h}=2$ for polymers and percolation CFTs. This is done by taking the $c\to 0$ limit of $O(n)$ and Potts models and combining recent results from the bootstrap with arguments based on conformal invariance and self-duality. We find that the structure contains a rank-3 Jordan cell involving the field $T\bar{T}$, and is identical for polymers and percolation. It is characterized in part by the common value of a non-chiral logarithmic coupling $a_0=-{25\over 48}$.
description: 24 pages. v2: comments added, typos corrected. v3: comments in footnote 7 improved
A meshfree arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method for the BGK model of the Boltzmann equation with moving boundaries
Creators: name: Tiwari, Sudarshan
name: Klar, Axel
name: Russo, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 2020: 65C05, 65M99, 70E99, 76P05, 76T20

description: In this paper we present a novel technique for the simulation of moving boundaries and moving rigid bodies immersed in a rarefied gas using an Eulerian-Lagrangian formulation based on least square method. The rarefied gas is simulated by solving the Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) model for the Boltzmann equation of rarefied gas dynamics. The BGK model is solved by an Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) method, where grid-points/particles are moved with the mean velocity of the gas. The computational domain for the rarefied gas changes with time due to the motion of the boundaries. To allow a simpler handling of the interface motion we have used a meshfree method based on a least-square approximation for the reconstruction procedures required for the scheme. We have considered a one way, as well as a two-way coupling of boundaries/rigid bodies and gas flow. The numerical results are compared with analytical as well as with Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) solutions of the Boltzmann equation. Convergence studies are performed for one-dimensional and two-dimensional test-cases. Several further test problems and applications illustrate the versatility of the approach.
Power corrections from decoupling of the charm quark
Creators: name: Knechtli, Francesco
name: Korzec, Tomasz
name: Leder, Björn
name: Moir, Graham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decoupling of heavy quarks at low energies can be described by means of an effective theory as shown by S. Weinberg in Ref. [1]. We study the decoupling of the charm quark by lattice simulations. We simulate a model, QCD with two degenerate charm quarks. In this case the leading order term in the effective theory is a pure gauge theory. The higher order terms are proportional to inverse powers of the charm quark mass $M$ starting at $M^{-2}$. Ratios of hadronic scales are equal to their value in the pure gauge theory up to power corrections. We show, by precise measurements of ratios of scales defined from the Wilson flow, that these corrections are very small and that they can be described by a term proportional to $M^{-2}$ down to masses in the region of the charm quark mass.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, v2: Introduction and Conclusions expanded, new fits added to Figure 2 and 3, References updated
Fine corrections in the effective string describing SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in three dimensions
Creators: name: Caristo, Fabrizio
name: Caselle, Michele
name: Magnoli, Nicodemo
name: Nada, Alessandro
name: Panero, Marco
name: Smecca, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the effective string that describes the infrared dynamics of SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in three dimensions. By combining high-precision lattice simulation results for Polyakov-loop correlators at finite temperatures close to (and less than) the deconfinement one with the analytical constraints from renormalization-group arguments, from the exact integrability of the two-dimensional Ising model that describes the universality class of the critical point of the theory, from conformal perturbation theory, and from Lorentz invariance, we derive tight quantitative bounds on the corrections to the effective string action beyond the Nambu-Goto approximation. We show that these corrections are compatible with the predictions derived from a bootstrap analysis of the effective string theory, and have a value which does not allow to prove the Axionic String Ansatz for this model
description: 1+31 pages, 11 figures v2: references added, discussion of the numerical analysis expanded, matches published version
Emergent interlayer magnetic order via strain-induced orthorhombic distortion in the 5d Mott insulator Sr2IrO4
Creators: name: Shrestha, S.
name: Krautloher, M.
name: Zhu, M.
name: Kim, J.
name: Hwang, J.
name: Kim, J.
name: Kim, J. -W.
name: Keimer, B.
name: Seo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a La2CuO4-like interlayer antiferromagnetic order in Sr2IrO4 films with large orthorhombic distortion (> 1.5%). The biaxial lattice strain in epitaxial heterostructures of Sr2IrO4/Ca3Ru2O7 lowers the crystal symmetry of Sr2IrO4 from tetragonal (C4) to orthorhombic (C2), guiding the Ir 5d Jeff = 1/2 pseudospin moment parallel to the elongated b-axis via magnetic anisotropy. From resonant X-ray scattering experiments, we observed an antiferromagnetic order in the orthorhombic Sr2IrO4 film whose interlayer stacking pattern is inverted from that of the tetragonal Sr2IrO4 crystal. This interlayer stacking is similar to that of the orthorhombic La2CuO4, implying that the asymmetric interlayer exchange interaction along a and b-directions exceeds the anisotropic interlayer pseudo-dipolar interaction. Our result suggests that strain-induced distortion can provide a delicate knob for tuning the long-range magnetic order in quasi-two-dimensional systems by evoking the competition between the interlayer exchange coupling and the pseudo-dipolar interaction.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Fairly Allocating Contiguous Blocks of Indivisible Items
Creators: name: Suksompong, Warut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the classic problem of fairly allocating indivisible items with the extra feature that the items lie on a line. Our goal is to find a fair allocation that is contiguous, meaning that the bundle of each agent forms a contiguous block on the line. While allocations satisfying the classical fairness notions of proportionality, envy-freeness, and equitability are not guaranteed to exist even without the contiguity requirement, we show the existence of contiguous allocations satisfying approximate versions of these notions that do not degrade as the number of agents or items increases. We also study the efficiency loss of contiguous allocations due to fairness constraints.
description: Appears in the 10th International Symposium on Algorithmic Game Theory (SAGT), 2017
Storage of photonic time-bin qubits for up to 20 ms in a rare-earth doped crystal
Creators: name: Ortu, Antonio
name: Holzäpfel, Adrian
name: Etesse, Jean
name: Afzelius, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-duration quantum memories for photonic qubits are essential components for achieving long-distance quantum networks and repeaters. The mapping of optical states onto coherent spin-waves in rare earth ensembles is a particularly promising approach to quantum storage. However, it remains challenging to achieve long-duration storage at the quantum level due to read-out noise caused by the required spin-wave manipulation. In this work, we apply dynamical decoupling techniques and a small magnetic field to achieve the storage of six temporal modes for 20, 50 and 100 ms in a $^{151}$Eu$^{3+}$:Y$_2$SiO$_5$ crystal, based on an atomic frequency comb memory, where each temporal mode contains around one photon on average. The quantum coherence of the memory is verified by storing two time-bin qubits for 20 ms, with an average memory output fidelity of $F=(85\pm 2)\%$ for an average number of photons per qubit of $μ_\text{in}$ = 0.92$\pm$0.04. The qubit analysis is done at the read-out of the memory, using a type of composite adiabatic read-out pulse we developed.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Version updated to the published one on npj Quantum Inf
A graph complexity measure based on the spectral analysis of the Laplace operator
Creators: name: Mateos, Diego M.
name: Morana, Federico
name: Aimar, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we introduce a concept of complexity for undirected graphs in terms of the spectral analysis of the Laplacian operator defined by the incidence matrix of the graph. Precisely, we compute the norm of the vector of eigenvalues of both the graph and its complement and take their product. Doing so, we obtain a quantity that satisfies two basic properties that are the expected for a measure of complexity. First,complexity of fully connected and fully disconnected graphs vanish. Second, complexity of complementary graphs coincide. This notion of complexity allows us to distinguish different kinds of graphs by placing them in a "croissant-shaped" region of the plane link density - complexity, highlighting some features like connectivity,concentration, uniformity or regularity and existence of clique-like clusters. Indeed, considering graphs with a fixed number of nodes, by plotting the link density versus the complexity we find that graphs generated by different methods take place at different regions of the plane. We consider some generated graphs, in particular the Erdös-Rényi, the Watts-Strogatz and the Barabási-Albert models. Also, we place some particular, let us say deterministic, to wit, lattices, stars, hyper-concentrated and cliques-containing graphs. It is worthy noticing that these deterministic classical models of graphs depict the boundary of the croissant-shaped region. Finally, as an application to graphs generated by real measurements, we consider the brain connectivity graphs from two epileptic patients obtained from magnetoencephalography (MEG) recording, both in a baseline period and in ictal periods .In this case, our definition of complexity could be used as a tool for discerning between states, by the analysis of differences at distinct frequencies of the MEG recording.
description: 11 pages , 7 figures
N-doped surfaces of superconducting niobium cavities as a disordered composite
Creators: name: Weingarten, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Q-factor of superconducting accelerating cavities can be substantially improved by a special heat treatment under N2 atmosphere (N-doping). Recent experiments at Fermi National Laboratory investigated the dependence of Q on the RF frequency and showed, unexpectedly, both an increase and a decrease with the RF field amplitude. This paper shall explain this finding by extending a previously proposed model founded on the two fluid model of RF losses, percolation and the proximity effect in a disordered composite.
Approximating reproduction numbers: a general numerical method for age-structured models
Creators: name: De Reggi, Simone
name: Scarabel, Francesca
name: Vermiglio, Rossana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34L16, 37N25, 65L15, 65L60, 65P99, 92D25, 92D30

description: In this paper, we introduce a general numerical method to approximate the reproduction numbers of a large class of multi-group, age-structured, population models with a finite age span. To provide complete flexibility in the definition of the birth and transition processes, we propose an equivalent formulation for the age-integrated state within the extended space framework. Then, we discretize the birth and transition operators via pseudospectral collocation. We discuss applications to epidemic models with continuous and piecewise continuous rates, with different interpretations of the age variable (e.g., demographic age, infection age and disease age) and the transmission terms (e.g., horizontal and vertical transmission). The tests illustrate that the method can compute different reproduction numbers, including the basic and type reproduction numbers as special cases.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
Area difference bounds for dissections of a square into an odd number of triangles
Creators: name: Labbé, Jean-Philippe
name: Rote, Günter
name: Ziegler, Günter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B45

description: Monsky's theorem from 1970 states that a square cannot be dissected into an odd number of triangles of the same area, but it does not give a lower bound for the area differences that must occur. We extend Monsky's theorem to "constrained framed maps"; based on this we can apply a gap theorem from semi-algebraic geometry to a polynomial area difference measure and thus get a lower bound for the area differences that decreases doubly-exponentially with the number of triangles. On the other hand, we obtain the first superpolynomial upper bounds for this problem, derived from an explicit construction that uses the Thue-Morse sequence.
description: 32 pages, 22 figures. Version v1: Sections 3.1-3.3 have been restructured; a new Section 8 on even dissections has been added. Version v2 includes a correction in Section 7.5 that was not completely carried out in the journal version
An analytic description of substructure-induced gravitational perturbations in stellar systems
Creators: name: Delos, M. Sten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbations to stellar systems can reflect the gravitational influence of dark matter substructures. On scales much smaller than the size of a stellar system, we point out analytic connections between the stellar and dark matter distributions. In particular, the density and velocity power spectra of the stars are proportional to the density power spectrum of the perturbing dark matter, scaled by $k^{-4}$. This relationship allows easy evaluation of the suitability of a stellar system for detecting dark substructure. As examples, we show that the Galactic stellar halo is expected to be sensitive to cold dark matter substructure at wavenumbers $k\lesssim 0.3$ kpc$^{-1}$, and the Galactic disk might be sensitive to substructure at wavenumbers $k\sim 4$ kpc$^{-1}$. The perturbations considered in this work are short-lived, being rapidly erased by the stellar velocity dispersion, so it may be possible to attribute a detection to dark matter substructure without ambiguity.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; matches published version
Effects of intermittency on turbulent transport in magnetized plasmas
Creators: name: Palade, D. I.
name: Pomârjanschi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze how the turbulent transport of $\mathbf{E}\times \mathbf{B}$ type in magnetically confined plasmas is affected by intermittent features of turbulence. The latter are captured by the non-Gaussian distribution $P(ϕ)$ of the turbulent electric potential $ϕ$. Our analysis is performed at an analytical level and confirmed numerically using two statistical approaches. We have found that the diffusion is inhibited linearly by intermittency, mainly via the kurtosis of the distribution $P(ϕ)$. The associated susceptibility for this linear process is shown to be dependent on the poloidal velocity $V_p$ and on the correlation time $τ_c$ with a maxima at the time-of-flight $τ_{fl}$. Intermittency does not affect the Kubo number scaling in the strong regime.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
Emergent transport in a many-body open system driven by interacting quantum baths
Creators: name: Reisons, Juris
name: Mascarenhas, Eduardo
name: Savona, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze an open many-body system that is strongly coupled at its boundaries to interacting quantum baths. We show that the two-body interactions inside the baths induce emergent phenomena in the spin transport. The system and baths are modeled as independent spin chains resulting in a global non-homogeneous XXZ model. The evolution of the system-bath state is simulated using matrix-product-states methods. We present two phase transitions induced by bath interactions. For weak bath interactions we observe ballistic and insulating phases. However, for strong bath interactions a diffusive phase emerges with a distinct power-law decay of the time-dependent spin current $Q\propto t^{-α}$. Furthermore, we investigate long-lasting current oscillations arising from the non-Markovian dynamics in the homogeneous case, and find a sharp change in their frequency scaling coinciding with the triple point of the phase diagram.
description: Significant changes to the presentation. Soon in PRB
Non-linear corrections to the longitudinal structure function $F_{L}$ from the parametrization of $F_{2}$: Laplace transform approach
Creators: name: Boroun, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-linear corrections (NLC) to the longitudinal structure function in a limited approach is derived at low values of the Bjorken variable $x$ by using the Laplace transforms technique. The non-linear behavior of the longitudinal structure function is determined with respect to the Gribov-Levin-Ryskin Mueller-Qiu (GLR-MQ) and Altarelli-Martinelli (AM) equations. These results show that the non-linear longitudinal structure function can be determined directly in terms of the parametrization of $F_{2}(x,Q^{2})$ and the derivative of the proton structure function with respect to $\ln{Q^{2}}$. These corrections improve the behavior of the longitudinal structure function at low values of $Q^{2}$ in comparison with other parametrization methods.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.09465
Phase diagram of quantum generalized Potts-Hopfield neural networks
Creators: name: Fiorelli, Eliana
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
name: Müller, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and analyze an open quantum generalization of the q-state Potts-Hopfield neural network, which is an associative memory model based on multi-level classical spins. The dynamics of this many-body system is formulated in terms of a Markovian master equation of Lindblad type, which allows to incorporate both probabilistic classical and coherent quantum processes on an equal footing. By employing a mean field description we investigate how classical fluctuations due to temperature and quantum fluctuations effectuated by coherent spin rotations affect the ability of the network to retrieve stored memory patterns. We construct the corresponding phase diagram, which in the low temperature regime displays pattern retrieval in analogy to the classical Potts-Hopfield neural network. When increasing quantum fluctuations, however, a limit cycle phase emerges, which has no classical counterpart. This shows that quantum effects can qualitatively alter the structure of the stationary state manifold with respect to the classical model, and potentially allow one to encode and retrieve novel types of patterns.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Spectroscopic evidence of multi-gap superconductivity in non-centrosymmetric AuBe
Creators: name: Datta, Soumya
name: Vasdev, Aastha
name: Rana, Partha Sarathi
name: Motla, Kapil
name: Kataria, Anshu
name: Singh, Ravi Prakash
name: Das, Tanmoy
name: Sheet, Goutam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AuBe is a chiral, non-centrosymmetric superconductor with transition temperature $T_C$ $\simeq$ 3.25 K. The broken inversion symmetry in its crystal structure makes AuBe a possible candidate to host a mixed singlet-triplet pairing symmetry in its superconducting order parameter ($Δ$). This possibility was investigated by transport, thermodynamic, and muon-spin rotation/relaxation experiments in AuBe. However, this issue was not addressed using direct spectroscopic probes so far. In addition, certain ambiguities exist in the description of superconductivity in AuBe based on $μ$SR experiments reported earlier. Here we report scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) on AuBe down to 300 mK. We found a signature of two superconducting gaps (with 2$Δ_1/k_{B}T_{C}$ = 4.37 and 2$Δ_2/k_{B}T_{C}$ = 2.46 respectively) and a clean BCS-like temperature dependence of both the gaps. We have also performed band structure calculations to identify the different bands that might give rise to the observed two-gap superconductivity in AuBe.
description: Added fresh analysis based on additional data. Added band structure calculations. Corrected typos. Added references. Updated author list. To appear in $\textit{Physical Review B}$