Prodasineura kong Phan & Ngo 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Phan, Quoc Toan
name: Ngo, Quoc Phu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Protoneuridae
Prodasineura
Prodasineura kong

description: Prodasineura kong sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6BEEA763-7AFB-4426-B919-024387DEC48E
Figs 9A, C–D, 10 A–B, 11 A, C, E, 12 A–B, 13 C–D, 14 A–B, 15 A, 16 C, 18
Diagnosis
Male very similar to those of P. croconota and P. verticalis but differing in following characters: large transversal stripe on dorsal surface of head (Fig. 9A), interrupted centrally, not connecting, covering anterior ocellus as in P. verticalis (Fig. 6E) (with small spots in P. croconota, Fig. 6A); antehumeral stripe narrow (Fig. 9A), not large shield-shaped as in P. croconota and P. verticalis (Fig. 6 C–D). In fully mature specimens, paraprocts of P. verticalis entirely black (Fig. 7 D–E) while yellow apically in P. kong sp. nov. (Fig. 9C). Cerci distinctly different in shape (Fig. 9C, E). Cerci, paraprocts yellow or bluish (except for black ventral side of cerci and base of paraprocts) in P. croconota (Fig. 7 A–B). Structure of posterior pronotal lobe of female prothorax somewhat similar to that in P. croconota (Fig. 13A, D) with two short, robust horns, unlike two long horns of P. verticalis (Fig. 13 G–H). Prodasineura kong sp. nov. similar to P. lancastrei sp. nov. by sharing same character of narrow antehumeral stripe on male synthorax, but males differ very much in structure of appendages, wing colouration. Females differ in structure of posterior pronotal lobe (see Diagnosis for P. lancastrei sp. nov.).
Etymology
The new species is named after the giant ape Kong since it was discovered at the filming location of the American monster film “Kong: Skull Island”, in Tu Lan Caves System of Quang Binh Province, central Vietnam. A noun in apposition.
Material examined
Holotype
VIETNAM • ♂; Quang Binh Province, Minh Hoa District, Tan Hoa Commune; 17.776° N, 106.0701° E; 144 m a.s.l.; 18 Jul. 2019; Q.T. Phan & Q.P. Ngo leg.; ZCDTU 2019071811-ODO.
Paratypes (9 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀)
VIETNAM – Quang Binh Province • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; 14 Apr. 2016; Q.T. Phan leg.; ZCDTU 2016041412-ODO • 5 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; ZCDTU 2019071812-18-ODO. – Bac Kan Province • 2 ♂♂; Ba Be District, Cho Ra Commune; 22.444° N, 105.846° E; 25 Jun. 2014; T. Kompier leg.; RMNH. – Cao Bang Province • 1 ♂; Cao Bang City; 22.681° N, 106.273° E; 20 May 2015; T. Kompier leg.; RMNH.
Description
Male (Figs 9 A–C, 10A–B, 12A, 14A, 15A)
MEASUREMENTS. Hind wing 20 mm, abdomen (including appendages) 31 mm.
HEAD. Labrum, mandible, genae, anteclypeus dark red except for upper genae; upper genae black. Space between eye margins, genae shining black (Fig. 9A). Frontal, dorsal surfaces of head, including postclypeus, antennae, matt black except for large orange transverse stripe running from eye margins across anterior ocellus (Fig. 12A).
THORAX. Prothorax black with orange markings on distal margin of each pronotal lobe as follows: thin stripe on anterior lobe, small spots on posterior lobe, large oval spot on middle pronotal lobe (Fig. 9A). Propleuron entirely black. Synthorax black with narrow orange antehumeral stripe; two other distinct stripes: paler orange on metepisternum, yellowish on lower margin of metepimeron (Fig. 9A).
LEGS. Mostly black except for some small dark yellow spots on coxa, trochanter, femur; flexor surface of tibia dark yellowish.
WINGS. Completely hyaline, Px 16, 14 in forewings, hindwings respectively. Pterostigma black (Fig. 10A).
ABDOMEN. Mostly black except: yellow triangular spots on lower margins of S1; yellowish bands on ventro-lateral surfaces of S2; small spot on anterior margin of S3, whitish spot on dorsal anterior margin of S4–7; S8–10 entirely black (Fig. 14A).
ANAL APPENDAGES. Typical of members of genus Prodasineura with cerci hammer-like shaped; paraprocts broad at base, tapering abruptly to rounded tip; cerci black excepted tip dark yellowish; paraprocts black at base; remain yellowish (Fig. 9 C–D).
GENITAL LIGULA. Latero-apically with two robust flagella with pointed tips; subbasal shorter flagellum, expanding apically as rounded lobe (Fig. 10B).
Female (Figs 11A, C, E, 12B, 13 C–D, 14B)
MEASUREMENTS. Hindwing 20.5 mm, abdomen (including appendages) 31 mm.
HEAD Figs 11A, 12B. Labrum yellowish with black dot beneath upper margin; mandibles, genae yellowish except for small black dot near anteclypeus; yellow colour extends from compound eyes just over postclypeus to level of base of antennae; antennae black; anteclypeus dark yellowish; postclypeus yellow with two separated black spots, black stripe centrally. Antennae black except for second segment, yellowish anteriorly. Front, rear of head black with large transverse yellowish stripe at level of anterior ocellus.
THORAX Figs 11A, 13 C–D. Prothorax black, laterally yellowish, forming large oval stripe on middle pronotal lobe. In dorso-oblique view, posterior lobe with pair of raised robust anterior projections, two ear-like processes (Fig. 13 C–D). In dorsal view, projections sharply curving upward (Fig. 13D). Synthorax black with three yellow stripes (Fig. 11A).
LEGS. Coxae yellowish with large outer black spot; trochanter yellow with flexor side black; tibia, tarsus, claws black.
WINGS Fig. 14B. Hyaline, forewings slightly longer than hindwings, Px 15, 13 in forewings, hindwings respectively. Pterostigma brown.
ABDOMEN Figs 11C, E, 14B. Black with yellowish pattern: S1 with heart-shaped spot on lateral sides; S2 with narrow yellowish stripes along lower margins; ventro-lateral halves of S3–6 brown-yellowish with oval yellowish spot on anterior margin of each segments; S7 dark brownish and S8–9 black with yellowish stripe on lower margin; dorsal side of S8 with oval yellow spot posteriorly but extending to mid-dorsally on S9; lower margin of S10 black but with yellowish marking dorsally (Fig. 11C).
APPENDAGES. Yellowish except for lower margin of cerci; cerci dark brownish; ovipositor black, distal end yellowish (Fig. 11C, E).
Variation in male and female paratypes
Paratypes from Bac Kan with some orange on dorsum of cerci; male from type location with incomplete transverse band between compound eyes over anterior ocellus. Male from Cao Bang with small orange
spot on posterodorsal corner of propleuron. Other male paratypes from type location provided no significant differential features from holotype male. Compound eyes bright red in living male (Fig. 15A). Stripes on male synthorax bright orange in life (Fig. 15A), but stripe on lower margin of metepimeron becoming yellowish after acetone treatment in holotype (Fig. 9A).
MEASUREMENTS. Hind wing 20–21 mm, abdomen (including appendages) 30–31 mm.
Distribution
Vietnam (Fig. 18): Cao Bang (Cao Bang City), Bac Kan (Ba Be District) and Quang Binh (Minh Hoa District) Provinces.
Habitat and ecology
The new species was collected in Quang Binh from an open stream (about 3–6 m wide) with fast running water a low limestone mountain area (Fig. 16B). This species usually flies over the surface of water, fighting with two other species of Prodasineura present, for occupation of the habitat near the border of the stream, the blue P. coerulescens and the dark P. autumnalis.
description: Published as part of Phan, Quoc Toan & Ngo, Quoc Phu, 2020, A revision of the systematics and distribution of the damselfly genus Prodasineura Cowley, 1934 (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae) in Vietnam with description of two new species, pp. 1-27 in European Journal of Taxonomy 650 on pages 13-17, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.650, http://zenodo.org/record/3839797