cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evolution of electronic and magnetic properties of Sr$\mathbf{_2}$IrO$\mathbf{_4}$ under strain
Creators: name: Parschke, Ekaterina M.
name: Chen, Wei-Chih
name: Ray, Rajyavardhan
name: Chen, Cheng-Chien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by properties-controlling potential of the strain, we investigate strain dependence of structure, electronic and magnetic properties of Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ using complementary theoretical tools: {\it ab-initio} calculations, analytical approaches (rigid octahedra picture, Slater-Koster integrals), and extended $t-{\mathcal{J}}$ model. We find that strain affects both Ir-Ir distance and Ir-O-Ir angle, and the rigid octahedra picture is not relevant. Second, we find fundamentally different behavior for compressive and tensile strain. One remarkable feature is the formation of two subsets of bond- and orbital- dependent carriers, a compass-like model, under compression. This originates from the strain-induced renormalization of the Ir-O-Ir superexchange and O on-site energy. We also show that under compressive (tensile) strain, Fermi surface becomes highly dispersive (relatively flat). Already at a tensile strain of $1.5\%$, we observe spectral weight redistribution, with the low-energy band acquiring almost purely singlet character. These results can be directly compared with future experiments.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, includes Supplemental Information
Electroweak interaction of particles with accelerated matter and astrophysical applications
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The description of physical processes in accelerated frames opens a window to numerous new phenomena. One can encounter these effects both in the subatomic world and on a macroscale. In the present work we review our recent results on the study of the electroweak interaction of particles with an accelerated background matter. In our analysis we choose the noninertial comoving frame, where matter is at rest. Our study is based on the solution of the Dirac equation, which exactly takes into account both the interaction with matter and the nonintertial effects. First, we study the interaction of ultrarelativistic neutrinos, electrons and quarks with the rotating matter. We consider the influence of the matter rotation on the resonance in neutrino oscillations and the generation of anomalous electric current of charged particles along the rotation axis. Then, we study the creation of neutrino-antineutrino pairs in a linearly accelerated matter. The applications of the obtained results for elementary particle physics and astrophysics are discussed.
description: 3 pages in LaTeX2e; 17lomcon style file is included; contribution to the proceedings of the 17th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics
A Case of “Pill-takers”: Understanding Perceptions and Stigmas surrounding Medication Usage
Creators: name: Jain, Nupur
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: BACKGROUND: Over half of all Americans take prescription medications regularly, and commentators have noted that modern society has become overly reliant on “pill-taking.”  OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of this study was to better understand how healthy individuals’ perceive the identity of a “pill-taker,” using Phase I trial participants as a proxy for healthy individuals.METHODS: This was a mixed methods study that utilized qualitative and quantitative analysis. The data source was semi-structured interview transcripts and demographic data (n = 131) from the HealthyVOICES project, a 5-year study in the UNC Department of Social Medicine and Center for Bioethics. Two sets of interviews were investigated for each participant (n = 261), and participants were evaluated as “pill-takers,” “not-pill-takers,” or “ambivalent” based on their responses to questions about medications. Secondary coding was conducted on interview transcripts to reveal broader themes. Chi-square analyses were conducted to test the relationships between sociodemographic factors (age, race, socioeconomic status, and gender) and “pill-taking” status. RESULTS: Chi-square analysis revealed no statistically significant relationship between sociodemographic factors and “pill-taking” status. Qualitative analysis revealed four broad themes, particularly for not pill-takers and those who were ambivalent: (1) natural/herbal remedies are preferable alternatives to pill-taking; (2) pills are dangerous chemicals and harmful to the body; (3) healthy individuals can be ambivalent about medications; and (4) pill-taking is related to the flawed medication culture in the U.S. CONCLUSION: It is possible that pill-taking culture affects demographic groups equally, and that there are no significant relationships between sociodemographic characteristics and pill-taking status. The qualitative findings indicate that there are strong negative views of pill-taking among some healthy volunteers, which could have important implications for adherence to medication regimens. When studying healthy individuals in the future, it will be important to consider that these individuals may not have fully formed opinions on medications because they have infrequent need to take them. Further research should be done in order to assess the relationship between pill-taking status and sociodemographic variables. Additionally, a more randomized sample of general Americans should be studied to further understand healthy individuals’ perceptions of medications.
RESOLVE Trial_Statistical Analysis Plan_Pre-registration
Creators: name: Bagg, Matthew
name: Lo, Serigne
name: Cashin, Aidan
name: Herbert, Rob
name: O'Connell, Neil
name: Lee, Hopin
name: Hübscher, Markus
name: Wand, Benedict
name: O'Hagan, Edel
name: Rizzo, Rodrigo
name: Moseley, G.
name: Stanton, Tasha
name: Maher, Christopher
name: Goodall, Stephen
name: Saing, Sopany
name: Zahara, Pauline
name: McAuley, James
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Pre-print of statistical analysis plan for the RESOLVE trial for people with chronic low back pain
Light-Induced Structures in Attosecond Transient Absorption Spectroscopy of Molecules
Creators: name: Bækhøj, Jens E.
name: Madsen, Lars Bojer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of light-induced structures in attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of molecular systems is investigated theoretically. It is shown how nuclear dynamics affect these structures. We find that a theoretical three-surface model captures the main characteristics in the calculated spectra. Based on this model, nuclear dynamics is divided into different categories, each category having unique signatures in the absorption spectra. Finally, we discuss the possibility for experimental observation of light-induced structures in molecules.
Bond-dependent slave-particle cluster theory based on density matrix expansion
Creators: name: Jin, Zheting
name: Ismail-Beigi, Sohrab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient and accurate computational methods for dealing with interacting electron problems on a lattice are of broad interest to the condensed matter community. For interacting Hubbard models, we introduce a cluster slave-particle approach that provides significant computational savings with high accuracy for total energies, site occupancies, and interaction energies. Compared to exact benchmarks using density matrix renormalization group for $d$-$p$ Hubbard models, our approach delivers accurate results using two to three orders of magnitude lower computational cost. Our method is based on a novel slave-particle decomposition with an improved description of particle hoppings, and a new density matrix expansion method where the interacting lattice slave-particle problem is then turned into a set of overlapping real-space clusters which are solved self-consistently with appropriate physical matching constraints at shared lattice sites between clusters.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures
Discovery and Validation of Kepler-452b: A 1.6-Re Super Earth Exoplanet in the Habitable Zone of a G2 Star
Creators: name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Twicken, Joseph D.
name: Batalha, Natalie M.
name: Caldwell, Douglas A.
name: Cochran, William D.
name: Endl, Michael
name: Latham, David W.
name: Esquerdo, Gilbert A.
name: Seader, Shawn
name: Bieryla, Allyson
name: Petigura, Erik
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Rowe, Jason F.
name: Torres, Guillermo
name: Bryson, Stephen T.
name: Buchhave, Lars
name: Ramirez, Ivan
name: Wolfgang, Angie
name: Li, Jie
name: Campbell, Jennifer R.
name: Tenenbaum, Peter
name: Sanderfer, Dwight
name: Henze, Christopher E.
name: Catanzarite, Joseph H.
name: Gilliland, Ronald L.
name: Borucki, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery and validation of Kepler-452b, a transiting planet identified by a search through the 4 years of data collected by NASA's Kepler Mission. This possibly rocky 1.63$^{+0.23}_{-0.20}$ R$_\oplus$ planet orbits its G2 host star every 384.843$^{+0.007}_{0.012}$ days, the longest orbital period for a small (R$_p$ < 2 R$_\oplus$) transiting exoplanet to date. The likelihood that this planet has a rocky composition lies between 49% and 62%. The star has an effective temperature of 5757$\pm$85 K and a log g of 4.32$\pm$0.09. At a mean orbital separation of 1.046$^{+0.019}_{-0.015}$ AU, this small planet is well within the optimistic habitable zone of its star (recent Venus/early Mars), experiencing only 10% more flux than Earth receives from the Sun today, and slightly outside the conservative habitable zone (runaway greenhouse/maximum greenhouse). The star is slightly larger and older than the Sun, with a present radius of 1.11$^{+0.15}_{-0.09}$ R$_\odot$ and an estimated age of 6 Gyr. Thus, Kepler-452b has likely always been in the habitable zone and should remain there for another 3 Gyr.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures
Probing the non-standard neutrino interactions using quantum statistics
Creators: name: Kim, C. S.
name: Rosiek, Janusz
name: Sahoo, Dibyakrupa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the well established principles of Lorentz invariance, CP and CPT symmetry, and quantum statistics we do a model-independent study of effects of possible non-standard couplings of (Dirac and Majorana) neutrinos. The study is sensitive to the different quantum statistical properties of the Dirac and Majorana neutrinos which, contrary to neutrino-mediated processes of lepton number violation, could lead to observable effects not suppressed by the small ratios of neutrino and heavier particle masses. For processes with a neutrino-antineutrino pair of the same flavor in the final state, we formulate the ``Dirac Majorana confusion theorem (DMCT)'' showing why it is normally very difficult to observe the different behaviour of both kinds of neutrinos in experiments if they have only the standard model (SM)-like left-handed vector couplings to gauge bosons. We discuss deviations from the confusion theorem in the presence of non-standard neutrino interactions, allowing to discover or constrain such novel couplings. We illustrate the general results with two chosen examples of neutral current processes, $Z \to ν\, \overlineν$ and $\mathcal{P}_i \to \mathcal{P}_f \, ν\, \overlineν$ (with $\mathcal{P}_{i,f}$ denoting pseudoscalar mesons, such as $B,K,π$). Our analysis shows that using 3-body decays the presence of non-standard interactions can not only be constrained but one can also distinguish between Dirac and Majorana neutrino possibilities.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, for the published version visit the DOI
Effect of Protective Helmets on Visual and Sensory Performance
Creators: name: Kramer, Michelle Rebecca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Current helmet testing does not consider implications on ability to see and respond,
which is key to reducing injury risk. The purpose was to determine the effect of athletic headgear
(i.e., football, lacrosse, and ice hockey helmets) on visual and sensory performance, as measured
by scores on the Senaptec Sensory Station. Subjects were assessed on visual clarity, contrast
sensitivity, depth perception, near-far quickness, target capture, perception span, multiple object
tracking, eye-hand coordination, go/no go, and hand reaction time via the computer based system
under helmeted and unhelmeted conditions. Participants performed significantly worse on eyehand
coordination (p=0.01) and go/no go (p<0.01) assessments when wearing a helmet. Hockey
helmets significantly affected visual clarity (p=0.01) and hand reaction time (p<0.01), but
football and lacrosse helmets did not. Visual training with helmets should be considered to try to
combat some of these visual deficits.
A characterization of cut locus for $C^1$ hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Miura, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26B05, 53A05

description: Let $Ω$ be an open set in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with $C^1$-boundary and $Σ$ be the skeleton of $Ω$, which consists of points where the distance function to $\partialΩ$ is not differentiable. This paper characterizes the cut locus (ridge) $\overlineΣ$, which is the closure of the skeleton, by introducing a generalized radius of curvature and its lower semicontinuous envelope. As an application we give a sufficient condition for vanishing of the Lebesgue measure of $\overlineΣ$.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
COVID-19 Survey
Creators: name: Lodi-Smith, Jennifer
name: Rodgers, Jonathan
name: Luna, Martha
name: Long, Caleb
name: Khan, Sarah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on an existing sample of primarily older adults. Participants will be solicited from the existing participant pool of the Canisius College Institute for Autism Research’s Aging and Autism Study (Aging in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Outcomes and Indicators; NIA #1R21AG059051-01; NIA #1R21AG059051-01-S1; co-PIs: Jennifer Lodi-Smith & Jonathan D. Rodgers). An important component of the existing research project was the assessment of individual differences in personal and social factors associated with aging. This new work investigates the extent to which these factors contribute to resiliency in this time and the extent to which the disruptions from COVID-19 are impacting individual lives. Additionally, this work can inform our understanding of medical adherence and autism characteristics in adults. We know of no published literature on autism and medical adherence in adults. The pandemic crisis and our existing data provides important opportunities to inform this important area of research. Initial data collection will allow publication of immediate analysis of health behavior engagement and coping in the target population. The one-year follow-up will facilitate growth modeling and an evaluation of more distal impact of COVID-19 disruption.
Measurements of nitrous acid (HONO), hydroxyl (OH), nitric oxide (NO), hydroperoxyl (HO2), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the upper troposphere: is peroxynitrous acid (HOONO) a missing source of HONO?
Creators: name: Weyland, Benjamin
name: Kluge, Flora
name: Pfeilsticker, Klaus
name: Rohloff, Roland
name: Harder, Hartwig
name: Tadic, Ivan
name: Fischer, Horst
name: Doerich, Raphael
name: Crowley, John
name: Bohn, Birger
name: Taraborrelli, Domenico
name: Rosanka, Simon
name: Obersteiner, Florian
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: EGU General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, 23 Apr 2023 - 28 Apr 2023; doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu23-5894
Depletion in fermionic chains with inhomogeneous hoppings
Creators: name: Mula, Begoña
name: de Buruaga, Nadir Samos Sáenz
name: Sierra, Germán
name: Santalla, Silvia N.
name: Rodríguez-Laguna, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of a free-fermionic chain with inhomogeneous hoppings at half-filling can be mapped into the Dirac vacuum on a static curved space-time, which presents exactly homogeneous occupations due to particle-hole symmetry. Yet, far from half-filling we observe density modulations and depletion effects. The system can be described by a 1D Schrödinger equation on a different static space-time, with an effective potential which accounts for the depleted regions. We provide a semiclassical expression for the single-particle modes and the density profiles associated to different hopping patterns and filling fractions. Moreover, we show that the depletion effects can be compensated for all filling fractions by adding a chemical potential proportional to the hoppings. Interestingly, we can obtain exactly the same density profiles on a homogeneous chain if we introduce a chemical potential which is inverse to the hopping intensities, even though the ground state is different from the original one.
IEMP Uruguayan Candombe
Creators: name: Jure, Luis
name: Rocamora, Martín
name: Tarsitani, Simone
name: Clayton, Martin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Latin American Languages and Societies
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Ethnomusicology
subject: Music
subject: Music Performance

description: A collection of audiovisual recordings of Uruguayan Candombe drum ensemble performances, with detailed annotations.
The impact of the orbital decay of the LAGEOS satellites on the frame-dragging tests
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The laser-tracked geodetic satellites LAGEOS, LAGEOS II and LARES are currently employed, among other things, to measure the general relativistic Lense-Thirring effect in the gravitomagnetic field of the spinning Earth with the hope of providing a more accurate test of such a prediction of the Einstein's theory of gravitation than the existing ones. The secular decay $\dot a$ of the semimajor axes $a$ of such spacecrafts, recently measured in an independent way to a $σ_{\dot a}\approx 0.1-0.01$ m yr$^{-1}$ accuracy level, may indirectly impact the proposed relativistic experiment through its connection with the classical orbital precessions induced by the Earth's oblateness $J_2$. \textcolor{black}{Indeed,} the systematic bias due to the current measurement errors $σ_{\dot a}$ is of the same order of magnitude of, or even larger than, the expected relativistic signal itself; moreover, it grows linearly with the time span $T$ of the analysis. \textcolor{black}{Therefore, the parameter-fitting algorithms must be properly updated in order to suitably cope with such a new source of systematic uncertainty. Otherwise,} an improvement of one-two orders of magnitude in measuring the orbital decay of the satellites of the LAGEOS family would be required to reduce this source of systematic uncertainty to a percent fraction of the Lense-Thirring signature.
description: LaTex2e, 2 tables, 1 figure, 12 pages. At press in Advances in Space Research (ASR)
Τεχνολογίες, Μεγάλα Δεδομένα και Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη: ζητήματα ηθικής και Δεοντολογίας
Creators: name: Ιωαννίδου, Μαρία Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Μεγάλα Δεδομένα
Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη
Κώδικας ηθικής και δεοντολογίας
Big Data
Artificial Intelligence
Code of Ethics and Conduct

description: Η σύγχρονη τεχνολογία σηματοδοτεί μια νέα εποχή για τη ζωή των ανθρώπων. Τα μεγάλα δεδομένα και η τεχνητή νοημοσύνη μεταβάλλουν σημαντικά το περιβάλλον προσφέροντας πλήθος καινοτομιών. Ταυτόχρονα, όμως αυτή η έντονη παρουσία τους στην καθημερινότητα δημιουργεί και σοβαρούς κινδύνους όπως κρίση των ηθικών αξιών καθώς και καταπάτηση θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων. Επομένως, η κρισιμότητα του ζητήματος είναι τέτοια που χρειάζεται επαυξημένο έλεγχο και άμεση οριοθέτηση. Αυτός ο προβληματισμός σε συνδυασμό με την μη επαρκή πληροφόρηση των πολιτών από τους θεσμούς και τα ΜΜΕ για τις ηθικές επιπτώσεις της (Τεχνητής Νοημοσύνης) ΤΝ, λειτούργησαν ως εφαλτήριο για την επιλογή του αντικειμένου της εργασίας. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψιν τα παραπάνω, σχεδιάστηκε και αναπτύχθηκε ένας διαδραστικός οδηγός και μια ιστοσελίδα ενημέρωσης και εκπαίδευσης για ζητήματα ηθικής και δεοντολογίας που αφορούν την ΤΝ, στα ελληνικά. Στόχος, μέσω αυτού του έργου, είναι ο γραμματισμός τόσο του ευρέος κοινού για την απόκτηση γνώσεων και ανάπτυξης κριτικής σκέψης γι’ αυτό το επίκαιρο ζήτημα όσο και των εργαζομένων στο πεδίο της τεχνολογίας, ώστε να διαμορφώσουν αξιόπιστη ΤΝ.
description: Contemporary technology heralds a new era in human life. Big data and artificial intelligence are significantly transforming the environment, offering a plethora of innovations. However, their intense presence in everyday life also creates serious risks such as a crisis of ethical values and the violation of fundamental rights. Therefore, the criticality of the issue necessitates enhanced scrutiny and immediate delineation. This reflection, combined with the insufficient information provided to citizens by institutions and the media regarding the ethical implications of AI, served as a catalyst for the choice of the subject of this work. Taking the above into account, an interactive guide and an informational website on ethical and moral issues related to AI were designed and developed in Greek. The goal of these projects is to educate both the general public for the acquisition of knowledge and the development of critical thinking on this timely issue, as well as workers in the field of technology, so they can shape reliable AI.
description: Τμήμα Νομικής, Συνεργαζόμενα Τμήματα: Δημοσιογραφίας και Μέσων Μαζικής Επικοινωνίας
Anatomy of the Akhmediev breather: cascading instability, first formation time and Fermi-Pasta-Ulam recurrence
Creators: name: Chin, Siu A.
name: Ashour, Omar A.
name: Belic, Milivoj R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By invoking Bogoliubov's spectrum, we show that for the nonlinear Schrodinger equation, the modulation instability (MI) of its n = 1 Fourier mode on a finite background automatically triggers a further cascading instability, forcing all the higher modes to grow exponentially in locked-step with the n = 1 mode. This fundamental insight, the enslavement of all higher modes to the n = 1 mode, explains the formation of a triangular-shaped spectrum which generates the Akhmediev breather, predicts its formation time analytically from the initial modulation amplitude, and shows that the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) recurrence is just a matter of energy conservation with a period twice the breather's formation time. For higher order MI with more than one initial unstable modes, while most evolutions are expected to be chaotic, we show that it is possible to have isolated cases of "super-recurrence", where the FPU period is much longer than that of a single unstable mode.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures
Synthesizing evidence to increase retention of newly educated and employed nurses in medical hospitals – A study protocol for an umbrella review
Creators: name: Berthelsen, Connie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Education

description: The proposed umbrella review will aim to describe, appraise and synthesize the combined evidence from systematic reviews reporting the content and process of interventions aiming to increase retention of newly graduated and employed nurses in medical hospitals.
Effects of Transparency Marketing on Firms' Ability to Create and Capture Value
Creators: name: Iyer, Sidarth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Transparency marketing is the act of including intentionally shared information in the value proposition of a good or service. Business research is incomplete in demonstrating how transparency marketing strengthens firms’ ability to create and capture value. Despite the success of companies like Patagonia and Everlane, transparency marketing is a relatively new phenomenon. Supported by previous academic literature, this research hypothesizes that when firms use transparency marketing strategically, they can indirectly create and capture additional value by influencing consumer cognitive processes. These cognitive mechanisms are trust perceptions of a firm and its products and psychological closeness between consumers and a firm. To validate this hypothesis, this research utilizes a mixed methodology including a quantitative consumer survey experiment and qualitative firm manager interviews. Thus, this research finds evidence from both the receiving and sending perspectives of transparency marketing of an indirect, mediated causal relationship between transparency marketing and willingness to buy.
A Scoping Review Protocol on the Use of Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Nursing Data Systems
Creators: name: Singla, Shina
name: Medeiros, Christina
name: Howitt, Lyndsay
name: Burt, Amy
name: Nizum, Nafsin
name: Naik, Shanoja
name: Grinspun, Doris
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics and Probability
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
subject: Databases and Information Systems

description: This document contains the scoping review protocol for the "Use of Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Nursing Data Systems".
An Improved Algorithm for Eye Corner Detection
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Anirban
name: Mandloi, Anshit
name: George, Anjith
name: Routray, Aurobinda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a modified algorithm for the detection of nasal and temporal eye corners is presented. The algorithm is a modification of the Santos and Proenka Method. In the first step, we detect the face and the eyes using classifiers based on Haar-like features. We then segment out the sclera, from the detected eye region. From the segmented sclera, we segment out an approximate eyelid contour. Eye corner candidates are obtained using Harris and Stephens corner detector. We introduce a post-pruning of the Eye corner candidates to locate the eye corners, finally. The algorithm has been tested on Yale, JAFFE databases as well as our created database.
A conceptual introduction to Bayesian Model Averaging
Creators: name: Hinne, Max
name: Hinne, Max
name: van den Bergh, Don
name: Gronau, Quentin
name: Wagenmakers, Eric-Jan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: ANCOVA
subject: Bayesian analysis
subject: Bayesian model averaging
subject: meta-analysis
subject: network analysis

description: These scripts and JASP files accompany the manuscript 'A conceptual introduction to Bayesian model averaging' and can be used to repeat the analyses therein.
title: Managing Complexity and Change in International Relations: The Case of Yemen
Creators: name: Culton, Michael J.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Matters of war and peace may be as old as civilization itself but the definitions and practices of each are constantly evolving. Innumerable theories and models have been developed over the past few centuries, which are designed to explain modern international politics. As academics and policymakers debate their assumptions regarding conflict and cooperation, current events challenge their intellectual foundations and may even serve to overturn them. The scholars and practitioners of foreign policy may have reached the point where the traditional explanations of political behavior can no longer account for the pressing issues of the day. In such an age of immense complexity and dynamic change, a new path to political understanding must be forged.

The way forward is through integration. Combining theoretical elements within International Relations and marrying them with key concepts found in Political Science is the first step towards progress. As a basis for consensus, the competing approaches offered by academia must agree on the most fundamental features of international politics. The concepts of anarchy, order, and power provide the intellectual building blocks for explaining many global political flashpoints when one considers an issue from an outside-in perspective. Similarly, analyzing the quality and function of the state is crucial when one views such an event from the inside-out. By fusing the outside-in with the inside-out, one is better able to understand international political and security events from which competent policies and solutions can be utilized to address them. The following work utilizes the case study of Yemen and its struggle against al Qaeda. Yemen's war on terrorism exemplifies the complexity of today's security problems while illustrating the utility of an integrationist approach. Although the analysis presented cannot claim a new universal truth in the pursuit of political understanding, the work represents the first step towards grappling with a constantly evolving and increasingly diverse political landscape.
PyPose: A Library for Robot Learning with Physics-based Optimization
Creators: name: Wang, Chen
name: Gao, Dasong
name: Xu, Kuan
name: Geng, Junyi
name: Hu, Yaoyu
name: Qiu, Yuheng
name: Li, Bowen
name: Yang, Fan
name: Moon, Brady
name: Pandey, Abhinav
name: Aryan
name: Xu, Jiahe
name: Wu, Tianhao
name: He, Haonan
name: Huang, Daning
name: Ren, Zhongqiang
name: Zhao, Shibo
name: Fu, Taimeng
name: Reddy, Pranay
name: Lin, Xiao
name: Wang, Wenshan
name: Shi, Jingnan
name: Talak, Rajat
name: Cao, Kun
name: Du, Yi
name: Wang, Han
name: Yu, Huai
name: Wang, Shanzhao
name: Chen, Siyu
name: Kashyap, Ananth
name: Bandaru, Rohan
name: Dantu, Karthik
name: Wu, Jiajun
name: Xie, Lihua
name: Carlone, Luca
name: Hutter, Marco
name: Scherer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has had remarkable success in robotic perception, but its data-centric nature suffers when it comes to generalizing to ever-changing environments. By contrast, physics-based optimization generalizes better, but it does not perform as well in complicated tasks due to the lack of high-level semantic information and reliance on manual parametric tuning. To take advantage of these two complementary worlds, we present PyPose: a robotics-oriented, PyTorch-based library that combines deep perceptual models with physics-based optimization. PyPose's architecture is tidy and well-organized, it has an imperative style interface and is efficient and user-friendly, making it easy to integrate into real-world robotic applications. Besides, it supports parallel computing of any order gradients of Lie groups and Lie algebras and $2^{\text{nd}}$-order optimizers, such as trust region methods. Experiments show that PyPose achieves more than $10\times$ speedup in computation compared to the state-of-the-art libraries. To boost future research, we provide concrete examples for several fields of robot learning, including SLAM, planning, control, and inertial navigation.
description: Project Website: https://pypose.org Documentation: https://pypose.org/docs/ Tutorial: https://pypose.org/tutorials/ Source code: https://github.com/pypose/pypose
Many-body description of STM-induced fluorescence of charged molecules
Creators: name: Jiang, Song
name: Neuman, Tomas
name: Bretel, Remi
name: Boeglin, Alex
name: Scheurer, Fabrice
name: Moal, Eric Le
name: Schull, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scanning tunneling microscope is used to study the fluorescence of a model charged molecule (quinacridone) adsorbed on a sodium chloride (NaCl)-covered metallic sample. Fluorescence from the neutral and positively charged species is reported and imaged using hyper-resolved fluorescence microscopy. A many-body excitation model is established based on a detailed analysis of voltage, current and spatial dependencies of the fluorescence and electron transport features. This model reveals that quinacridone adopts a large palette of charge states, transient or not, depending on the voltage used and the nature of the underlying substrate. This model has a universal character and explains the electronic and fluorescence properties of many other molecules adsorbed on thin insulators.
Valley Hall effect in disordered monolayer MoS2 from first principles
Creators: name: Olsen, Thomas
name: Souza, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons in certain two-dimensional crystals possess a pseudospin degree of freedom associated with the existence of two inequivalent valleys in the Brillouin zone. If, as in monolayer MoS2, inversion symmetry is broken and time-reversal symmetry is present, equal and opposite amounts of k-space Berry curvature accumulate in each of the two valleys. This is conveniently quantified by the integral of the Berry curvature over a single valley - the valley Hall conductivity. We generalize this definition to include contributions from disorder described with the supercell approach, by mapping ("unfolding") the Berry curvature from the folded Brillouin zone of the disordered supercell onto the normal Brillouin zone of the pristine crystal, and then averaging over several realizations of disorder. We use this scheme to study from first-principles the effect of sulfur vacancies on the valley Hall conductivity of monolayer MoS2. In dirty samples the intrinsic valley Hall conductivity receives gating-dependent corrections that are only weakly dependent on the impurity concentration, consistent with side-jump scattering and the unfolded Berry curvature can be interpreted as a k-space resolved side-jump. At low impurity concentrations skew scattering dominates, leading to a divergent valley Hall conductivity in the clean limit. The implications for the recently-observed photoinduced anomalous Hall effect are discussed.
description: 13 pages
Captives, Conflict, and Conquest: The Changing Roles of Prisoners in Anglo-Indian Warfare, 1754-1765
Creators: name: Kowalczyk, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Central to the analysis here are the Anglo-Indian conflicts of the mid-eighteenth century, beginning in 1754 and ending in 1765. Within that period were three major Anglo-Indian Wars: the French and Indian War, the Anglo-Cherokee War, and Pontiac’s War. The French and Indian War began as a contest between New France and the British colony of Virginia for hegemony in the Ohio Country, spilled over into Europe itself, and ended when Britain conquered Canada, leaving it the sole European power in North American east of the Mississippi River. The Anglo-Cherokee War broke out when Cherokee warriors, dissatisfied with the reimbursement they had received for accompanying a British military expedition during the French and Indian War, stole horses from British colonists on the way back to their villages. The colonists attacked, the warriors retaliated, and the conflict escalated until British soldiers razed two thirds of the Cherokee villages over the course of three separate expeditions from 1759 to 1761. Pontiac’s War began in 1763, when a loose confederation of Great Lakes and Ohio Valley tribes, alarmed by rapid British encroachment onto their lands, undertook to drive colonists out of their territory by attacking British forts and settlements. British expeditions into the region in 1764 brought the Natives to the negotiating table. The British had not been driven out, but they agreed in the final peace treaty that ended the war not to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Within the context of these three wars, British officers and Native warriors demonstrated their differing conceptions of captivity and the uses of captives. Chapter 1 explains the differences between British and Native conceptions of captivity and the roles that captives played in those respective societies. Chapter 2 describes how the British and Natives attempted to use captives in order to facilitate peacemaking. These attempts were sometimes successful, but at other times the two sides’ differing ideas of captivity hampered them and instead escalated conflict. Chapter 3 examines how, in conjunction with other tools of coercion, the British use of captives to signify their dominance over their Native adversaries forced some tribes to acknowledge, albeit reluctantly and superficially, that the British were now the dominant European power in eastern North America. This thesis demonstrates that, by understanding the different meanings and functions of captivity in the Anglo-Indian conflicts of the mid-eighteenth century, it is possible to at least partially explain those wars’ frequent escalation and to determine when the balance of power on the Middle Ground began to shift in favor of the British.
Cultural nestedness in the motion pictures ecosystem
Creators: name: Morin, Olivier
name: Sobchuk, Oleg
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: cultural evolution
subject: cultural selection
subject: digital humanities
subject: nestedness

description: This project considers nestedness patterns in a large-scale database of movies and movie ratings. All details are in the uploaded pdf file, which is regularly updated. All information relevant to this preregistration are in the file nested-2020-08-20.pdf, sections 7 to 10.
Spin dynamics of the generalized quantum spin compass chain
Creators: name: Laurell, Pontus
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo
name: Dagotto, Elbio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the dynamical spin structure factor of the generalized spin-$1/2$ compass spin chain using the density matrix renormalization group. The model, also known as the twisted Kitaev spin chain, was recently proposed to be relevant for the description of the spin chain compound CoNb$_2$O$_6$. It features bond-dependent interactions and interpolates between an Ising chain and a one-dimensional variant of Kitaev's honeycomb spin model. The structure factor, in turn, is found to interpolate from gapped and non-dispersive in the Ising limit to gapless with non-trivial continua in the Kitaev limit. In particular, the component of the structure factor perpendicular to the Ising directions changes abruptly at the Kitaev point into a dispersionless continuum due to the emergence of an extensive groundstate degeneracy. We show this continuum is consistent with analytical Jordan-Wigner results. We also discuss implications for future inelastic scattering experiments and applications to materials, particularly CoNb$_2$O$_6$.
description: Main text: 10 pages, 6 figures. Supplemental material: 5 pages, 2 figures
Same-sign Higgsino Production at the CERN LHC: How Not to Hunt for Natural Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Stengel, Patrick
name: Tata, Xerxes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the prospects for detecting light charged higgsinos that are expected to be a necessary feature of natural SUSY models via $pp\to {\widetilde W}^\pm{\widetilde W}_1^\pm jj+X$ processes arising dominantly from $W^\pm W^\pm$ fusion at LHC13. The signal will be a pair of same-sign leptons ($e$ or $μ$) in events with two relatively forward, hemispherically-separated jets with a large rapidity gap. We find that even though the higgsinos have a full-strength $SU(2)$ gauge couplings to $W$-bosons, the LHC13 cross section for the production of same sign higgsino pairs is smaller than 0.02 fb over most of the interesting range of natural SUSY parameters, even before leptonic branching fractions of the chargino are included. This cross section is strongly suppressed because the two neutral Majorana higgsinos can be combined into a single Dirac neutralino if the bino and the winos are much heavier than the higgsinos, as is the case in natural SUSY models: in this limit, higgsino couplings to $W$-bosons exhibit an emergent (approximate) $U(1)_{\rm ino}$ global symmetry that suppresses same sign higgsino production by vector boson fusion. We conclude that this channel is not a viable way to search for natural SUSY even at the high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) in Patients with Opioid Use Disorders in Primary Care: Evidence for Efficacy
Creators: name: Patel, Roshni
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Aim: To investigate effective, non-pharmacological brief interventions (BIs) in the Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) process for patients with opioid use disorders (OUDs) in primary care settings.Background: In recent years, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) has created the evidence-based practice known as SBIRT to identify, reduce and prevent problematic use of alcohol and illicit drugs (“SBIRT”, n.d.). While awareness of this process has risen, there has been a concentration in applying this process to patients with alcohol misuse in acute care areas. With the national opioid crisis on the rise and SUDs prohibiting proper care of chronic conditions, there is a need to identify effective BIs in primary care that do not require further professional licensure credentials or education. Method: A thorough review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Google Scholar and PsychInfo as data sources (n=14). Findings: Mixed results were found for effective, non-pharmacological BIs. Themes of using motivational interviewing and computerized programs as the BI were found in the studies; however, not all yielded effective outcomes that linked patients to treatment. More research is needed to determine efficient, cost effective interventions in primary care settings.Keywords: opioid use disorder, substance use disorder, SBIRT, brief intervention, primary care
Spectrally enhancing near-field radiative transfer between gold gratings by exciting magnetic polariton in nanometric vacuum gaps
Creators: name: Yang, Yue
name: Wang, Liping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we theoretically demonstrate that near field radiative transport between one dimensional periodic grating microstructures separated by nanometer vacuum gaps can be spectrally enhanced by exciting magnetic polariton. Fluctuational electrodynamics that incorporates scattering matrix theory with rigorous coupled wave analysis is employed to exactly calculate the near field radiative flux between two gold gratings. Besides the well known coupled surface plasmon polaritons, the radiative flux can be also spectrally enhanced due to magnetic polariton, which is excited in the gap between gold ridges. The mechanisms of magnetic polariton in the near field radiative transport are elucidated in detail, while the unusual enhancement cannot be predicted by either the Derjaguin or effective medium approximations. The effects of vacuum gap distance and grating geometry parameters between the two gratings are investigated. The findings will open up a new way to control near field radiative transfer by magnetic polariton with micro or nanostructured metamaterials.
Skorokhod's M1 topology for distribution-valued processes
Creators: name: Ledger, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Skorokhod's M1 topology is defined for càdlàg paths taking values in the space of tempered distributions (more generally, in the dual of a countably Hilbertian nuclear space). Compactness and tightness characterisations are derived which allow us to study a collection of stochastic processes through their projections on the familiar space of real-valued càdlàg processes. It is shown how this topological space can be used in analysing the convergence of empirical process approximations to distribution-valued evolution equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
CPM01 - Brain-spinal cord interactions for conditioned pain modulation with pressure pain
Creators: name: Ojala, Karita
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology

description: Condititioned pain modulation study using pressure pain and simultaneous brain and spinal cord imaging
Truncated generalized coherent states
Creators: name: Giraldi, Filippo
name: Mainardi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of the canonical coherent states of a quantum harmonic oscillator has been performed by requiring the conditions of normalizability, continuity in the label and resolution of the identity operator with a positive weight function. Relying on this approach, in the present scenario coherent states are generalized over the canonical or finite dimensional Fock space of the harmonic oscillator. A class of generalized coherent states is determined such that the distribution of the number of excitations departs from the Poisson statistics according to combinations of stretched exponential decays, power laws and logarithmic forms. The analysis of the Mandel parameter shows that these generalized coherent states exhibit (non-classical) sub-Poissonian or super-Poissonian statistics of the number of excitations for small values of the label, according to determined properties. The statistics is uniquely sub-Poissonian for large values of the label. As particular cases, truncated Wright generalized coherent states exhibit uniquely non-classical properties, differently from the truncated Mittag-Leffler generalized coherent states.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures