cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Novel semi-automated algorithm for high-throughput quantification of adipocyte size in breast adipose tissue, with applications for breast cancer microenvironment
Creators: name: Lombardi, Frank L.
name: Jafari, Naser
name: Bertrand, Kimberly A.
name: Oshry, Lauren J.
name: Cassidy, Michael R.
name: Ko, Naomi Y.
name: Denis, Gerald V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The size distribution of adipocytes in fat tissue provides important information about metabolic status and overall health of patients. Histological measurements of biopsied adipose tissue can reveal cardiovascular and/or cancer risks, to complement typical prognosis parameters such as body mass index, hypertension or diabetes. Yet, current methods for adipocyte quantification are problematic and insufficient. Methods such as hand-tracing are tedious and time-consuming, ellipse approximation lacks precision, and fully automated methods have not proven reliable. A semi-automated method fills the gap in goal-directed computational algorithms, specifically for high-throughput adipocyte quantification. Here, we design and develop a tool, AdipoCyze, which incorporates a novel semi-automated tracing algorithm, along with benchmark methods, and use breast histological images from the Komen for the Cure Foundation to assess utility. Speed and precision of the new approach are superior to conventional methods and accuracy is comparable, suggesting a viable option to quantify adipocytes, while increasing user flexibility. This platform is the first to provide multiple methods of quantification in a single tool. Widespread laboratory and clinical use of this program may enhance productivity and performance, and yield insight into patient metabolism, which may help evaluate risks for breast cancer progression in patients with comorbidities of obesity. ABBREVIATIONS: BMI: body mass index.
title: The Effects of Yoga on Adults with Type II Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Creators: name: Thind, Herpreet
name: Scott-Sheldon, Lori
name: Lantini, Ryan
name: Balletto, Brittany
name: Donahue, Marissa
name: Feulner, Melissa
name: Salmoirago-Blotcher, Elena
name: Brock, Beth C.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2017

description: Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the effects of yoga for glycemic control among adults with type II diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: Comprehensive electronic databases searches located 2,559 unique studies with relevant key terms. Studies were included if they a) evaluated a yoga intervention to promote T2DM management, b) used an objective measure to assess glycemic control at post-intervention, and c) had follow-up length or post-test of at least 8 weeks from baseline. Studies were excluded if yoga was not the primary intervention focus (e.g., if yoga was part of a mindfulness-based intervention). Independent raters coded participant, design and methodological characteristics and intervention content. Weighted mean effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.

Results: Total 23 studies with 2,473 participants (M age = 53 years; 43% women) met eligibility criteria. Most studies (18) were conducted in India; 2 were conducted in England, 1 in Cuba, 1 in Indonesia, and 1 in Iran. Compared with controls, yoga participants were successful in improving their HbA1c (d+ = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.18, 0.55; k = 14), fasting blood glucose (d+ = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.38, 0.76; k = 19), postprandial blood glucose (d+ = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.17, 0.41; k = 11). Yoga was also associated with significant improvements in lipid profile, blood pressure, body mass index and waist/hip ratio. Overall, studies satisfied an average of 41% of the methodological quality (MQ) criteria; however, MQ score was not associated with any outcome (ps >.05).

Conclusion: Yoga improved glycemic outcomes and other risk factors for complications in adults with T2DM relative to a control condition. Additional studies with longer follow-ups are needed to determine the long-term efficacy of yoga for adults with T2DM.
A hot cocoon in the ultralong GRB 130925A: hints of a PopIII-like progenitor in a low density wind environment
Creators: name: Piro, Luigi
name: Troja, Eleonora
name: Gendre, Bruce
name: Ghisellini, Gabriele
name: Ricci, Roberto
name: Bannister, Keith
name: Fiore, Fabrizio
name: Kidd, Lauren A.
name: Piranomonte, Silvia
name: Wieringa, Mark H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 130925A is a peculiar event characterized by an extremely long gamma-ray duration ($\approx$7 ks), as well as dramatic flaring in the X-rays for $\approx$20 ks. After this period, its X-ray afterglow shows an atypical soft spectrum with photon index $Γ$$\sim$4, as observed by Swift and Chandra, until $\approx 10^7$ s, when XMM-Newton observations uncover a harder spectral shape with $Γ$$\sim$2.5, commonly observed in GRB afterglows. We find that two distinct emission components are needed to explain the X-ray observations: a thermal component, which dominates the X-ray emission for several weeks, and a non-thermal component, consistent with a typical afterglow. A forward shock model well describes the broadband (from radio to X-rays) afterglow spectrum at various epochs. It requires an ambient medium with a very low density wind profile, consistent with that expected from a low-metallicity blue supergiant (BSG). The thermal component has a remarkably constant size and a total energy consistent with those expected by a hot cocoon surrounding the relativistic jet. We argue that the features observed in this GRB (its ultralong duration, the thermal cocoon, and the low density wind environment) are associated with a low metallicity BSG progenitor and, thus, should characterize the class of ultralong GRBs.
description: 6 pgs, 3 figs, fig1 revised, ApJL in press
title: Inhibition of Insulin Amyloid Formation by Small Organofluorine Molecules
Creators: name: Thomas, Yanique
name: Horton, William
name: Tran, Chris D.
name: Ellstrom, Clifford J.
name: Torok, Bela
name: Torok, Marianna
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2017

description: Many human diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and diabetes mellitus type II (DM) have been connected to protein misfolding and the formation of highly ordered fibrillar protein aggregates called amyloids. DM is characterized by an overproduction of insulin to the point of insulin resistance in the body. The protein deposits in the AD-affected brain is related to the aggregation of tau protein and amyloid β (Aβ) peptide. Amyloid fibrils and their oligomeric precursors are known to be cytotoxic inducing neurological cell death. Recent clinical studies have suggested a link between Alzheimer’s disease and DM based on the fact that DM patients have double the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. It is believed that the increased risk of heart disease and stroke linked to DM causes further damage to blood vessels that eventually target the brain. Due to the continued rise of both diseases among aging adults, there is considerable interest in eluciditating the similarities and differences in the mechanism of amyloid formation of insulin and Aβ and understanding how the oligomeric state of the two peptides affect each other’s aggregation and role. Our group has already designed and experimentally tested a broad variety of small molecules, including organofluorines that effectively inhibit the self-assembly of Aβ. As an extension of these earlier studies the same group of organofluorine molecules are being tested for their inhibitory activity in the formation of insulin fibrils. The aggregation of insulin with/without these potential inhibitors at 37°C and pH=7.4 are followed by a kinetic Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence assay and visualized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The small molecule-insulin interactions are also investigated by electrospray mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS).
Lifestyle intervention in individuals with impaired glucose regulation affects Caveolin-1 expression and DNA methylation
Creators: name: Fachim, Helene A.
name: Siddals, Kirk
name: Nagaraj Malipatil
name: Donn, Rachelle P
name: Moreno, Gabriela YC
name: Dalton, Caroline F
name: Safwaan Adam
name: Handrean Soran
name: J Martin Gibson
name: Heald, Adrian H
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Aims: We investigated whether a lifestyle intervention could influence expression and DNA methylation of diabetes-related genes in patients with impaired glucose regulation (IGR), the results were compared to bariatric surgery, considering it an intensive change. Methods: Twenty participants with IGR had adipose tissue biopsy and blood collected pre- and post-lifestyle (6 months) intervention; 12 obese patients had subcutaneous fat taken before and after bariatric surgery. RNA/DNA was extracted from all samples and underwent qPCR. DNA was bisulphite converted and 12 CpG sites of Caveolin-1 (CAV1) promoter were pyrosequenced. Results: lifestyle intervention resulted in opposite direction changes in fat tissue and blood for CAV1 expression and DNA methylation and these changes were correlated between tissues, while no significative differences were found in CAV1 expression after bariatric surgery. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a role for CAV1 in modulating adipocyte function as a consequence of lifestyle changes, as exercises and diet. These results may provide insights into new therapeutic targets for diabetes prevention.
Conduction gap in graphene strain junctions: direction dependence
Creators: name: Nguyen, Mai Chung
name: Nguyen, Viet Hung
name: Nguyen, Huy-Viet
name: Dollfus, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown in a recent study [Nguyen et al., Nanotechnol. \textbf{25}, 165201 (2014)] that unstrained/strained graphene junctions are promising candidates to improve the performance of graphene transistors that is usually hindered by the gapless nature of graphene. Although the energy bandgap of strained graphene still remains zero, the shift of Dirac points in the \textbf{\emph{k}}-space due to strain-induced deformation of graphene lattice can lead to the appearance of a finite conduction gap of several hundreds meV in strained junctions with a strain of only a few percent. However, since it depends essentially on the magnitude of Dirac point shift, this conduction gap strongly depends on the direction of applied strain and the transport direction. In this work, a systematic study of conduction gap properties with respect to these quantities is presented and the results are carefully analyzed. Our study provides useful information for further investigations to exploit graphene strained junctions in electronic applications.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, submitted
title: Quantifying grain storage structure leakage by testing effects of environmental conditions on pressure loss
Creators: name: Jones, Carol
name: Conley, Taylor
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: A major concern in grain storage and management facilities is the effective control of insects and pests that reside in stored grain. Currently, the best studied method of subduing these insects is fumigating the grain bins with phosphine. However, many grain storage insects have developed a resistance to phosphine due to its misuse over the years, partially due to bin leakage, leading to minimum pest control in grain and increased product damage. The first step in managing the issue of fumigant leakage is by identifying environmental conditions that may impact the bins’ total air loss, and ultimately, fumigant loss. One way to quantify the leakage potential of a structure is to perform pressure tests. Data collected from these tests statistically quantify the significance of atmospheric conditions on bin leakage, as well as quantify leakage area in the bin. These tests were performed on a 500 bushel grain bin filled with canola seed, sealed with plastic sheeting and Gorilla duct tape. A PVC pipe “arm” and shop vacuum (Shop-Vac® 5-gallon 6-Peak HP) contraption was designed for pressure application. Constant pressure testing methods were performed to collect data for calculations of leakage area. Tests were repeated in varying environmental conditions. Data analysis included performing single sample ttests to determine significance of environmental conditions, as well as using previously established relationships to quantify predicted leakage area in each scenario. It was concluded that atmospheric conditions significantly affect gas leakage from structures (p < 0.001), so pressure test conditions should match fumigation conditions for an accurate initial fumigant dosage. Constant pressure tests accurately predict equivalent leakage area of bin, with areas demonstrating a variance of 3.4 x 10-5. Future tests to improve fumigating processes could include relationships between phosphine concentration and the leakiness of the bin, as well as automated constant pressure testing devices.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
title: Pediatric Critical Care Transfusion and Anemia Expertise Initiative
Creators: name: Valentine, Stacey L.
name: Bateman, Scot T.
name: Bembea, Mela
name: Spinella, Phillip
name: Doctor, Allan
name: Hassan, Nabil
name: Parker, Robert
name: Steiner, Marie
name: Tucci, Marisa
name: Lacroix, Jacques
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2017

description: Introduction/Hypothesis: Despite evidence that a lower hemoglobin threshold is safe in hemodynamically stable children, studies have shown that transfusion thresholds in practice are higher, exposing these children to the morbidity and mortality associated with RBC transfusion. Therefore, there is increased need for evidence-based blood management strategies for clinicians caring for critically ill children.

Methods: The Pediatric Critical Care Transfusion and Anemia Expertise Initiative has brought together a group of 49 international experts in pediatric transfusion/critical care in collaboration with the Pediatric Critical Care Blood Research Network (BloodNet), and the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI), to conduct a consensus conference series on pediatric critical care blood management. The methodology is modeled after that used in the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Consensus Conference and will create consensus statements via a structured process outlining existing data in RBC transfusion. Novel features include engagement with implementation science experts to enable consensus uptake.

Results: Two of the three expert meetings have been successfully conducted. Ten topics were identified and include recommendations on indications for RBC transfusion in critically ill children 1) based on hemoglobin triggers in the general population, 2) based on physiological triggers in the general population, 3) traumatic brain injury, 4) congenital heart disease, 5) hematologic/oncologic disease, 6) respiratory failure, 7) shock, 8) bleeding, 9) extracorporeal support, and 10) alternative processing. The systematic review was performed. The short text recommendations were generated, discussed at the second meeting and will undergo voting using the RAND UCLA Appropriateness Method to achieve consensus.

Conclusions: The TAXI consensus series is the first consensus series to convene international and multidisciplinary experts to create consensus statements on transfusion practices to improve outcomes and safety for critically ill children at risk for, or who require, RBC transfusions.
Using Kinematic Properties of Pre-Planetary Nebulae to Constrain Engine Paradigms
Creators: name: Blackman, Eric G.
name: Lucchini, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some combination of binary interactions and accretion plausibly conspire to produce the ubiquitous collimated outflows from planetary nebulae (PN) and their presumed pre-planetary nebulae (PPN) precursors. But which accretion engines are viable? The difficulty in observationally resolving the engines warrants the pursuit of indirect constraints. We show how kinematic outflow data for 19 PPN can be used to determine the minimum required accretion rates. We consider main sequence (MS) and white dwarf (WD) accretors and five example accretion rates inferred from published models to compare with the minima derived from outflow momentum conservation. While our primary goal is to show the method in anticipation of more data and better theoretical constraints, taking the present results at face value already rule out modes of accretion: Bondi-Hoyle Lyttleton (BHL) wind accretion and wind Roche lobe overflow (M-WRLOF, based on Mira parameters) are too feeble for all 19/19 objects for a MS accretor. For a WD accretor, BHL is ruled out for 18/19 objects and M-WRLOF for 15/19 objects. Roche lobe overflow (RLOF) from the primary at the Red Rectangle level can accommodate 7/19 objects, though RLOF modes with higher accretion rates are not yet ruled out. Accretion modes operating from within common envelope evolution can accommodate all 19 objects, if jet collimation can be maintained. Overall, sub-Eddington rates for a MS accretor are acceptable but 8/19 would require super-Eddington rates for a WD.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by MNRAS Letters
title: Three and half decades of research on controlled atmosphere storage of grains under nitrogen and recent utilization of the technology in Nigeria
Creators: name: Okonkwo, Egobude
name: Omodara, Michael
name: Oyewole, Shuaib
name: Osegbo, Adaora
name: Pessu, Patricia
name: Oyebanji, Adeola
name: Peters, Olufemi
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: A major breakthrough of Nigerian Stored Products Research Institute (NSPRI) is in the development of Inert Atmosphere Metal Silo (IAMS) in bulk grain storage for suitability of the climate, adoption and utilization in Nigeria. This technology uses nitrogen gas to achieve a controlled atmosphere (N2-CA) or environment for the control of stored products pests infestation and damage. Achieved 100% mortality of all life adults and immature stages of stored products insect pests; inhibited mould growth, maintained biochemical composition of stored grain and germinability (85% -91%) recorded at 12 months of storage. The system has been used to effectively store white maize, groundnut, Ife brown cowpea, wheat, paddy rice and yellow sorghum for periods of 12 – 48 months. The only system that has ability to store cowpea which cannot be stored in conventional silos. Research activities commenced from laboratory trials to pilot scale and later to medium and commercial levels. Shading the IAMS top against direct sun effect with palm fronds or hood for insulation prevented moisture migration and condensation, and maintained temperature below 30 oC in stored grain. A return per unit on investment of 0.44 was recorded when utilized for storage of wheat for a period of 48 months. IAMS has economic advantages over conventional silos which require frequency of pesticides application, turning of grains to prevent caking, food poisoning and high cost of labour. The recent utilization of this technology is due to increased awareness and demands for availability of grains for food safety, quality and nutrition. IAMS is being taken up by some entrepreneurs, marketers and Landmark University, Omu-Aru, Kwara state for grain storage in Nigeria. This technology is available for use at smallholder, medium, commercial and strategic grain reserve levels. Three and half decades of application of IAMS technology in grain storage in Nigeria is discussed.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
Whole-slide image analysis outperforms micrograph acquisition for adipocyte size quantification
Creators: name: Maguire, Anne S
name: Woodie, Lauren N
name: Judd, Robert L
name: Martin, Douglas R
name: Greene, Michael W
name: Graff, Emily C
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The distinction between biological processes of adipose tissue expansion is crucial to understanding metabolic derangements, but a robust method for quantifying adipocyte size has yet to be standardized. Here, we compared three methods for histological analysis in situ: one conventional approach using individual micrographs acquired by digital camera, and two with whole-slide image analysis pipelines involving proprietary (Visiopharm) and open-source software (QuPath with a novel ImageJ plugin). We found that micrograph analysis identified 10–40 times fewer adipocytes than whole-slide methods, and this small sample size resulted in high variances that could lead to statistical errors. The agreement of the micrograph method to measure adipocyte area with each of the two whole-slide methods was substantially less (R2 of 0.6644 and 0.7125) than between the two whole-slide methods (R2 of 0.9402). These inconsistencies were more pronounced in samples from high-fat diet fed mice. While the use of proprietary software resulted in the highest adipocyte count, the lower cost, ease of use, and minimal variances of the open-source software provided a distinct advantage for measuring the number and size of adipocytes. In conclusion, we recommend whole-slide image analysis methods to consistently measure adipocyte area and avoid unintentional errors due to small sample sizes.
About the voice production mechanism of cat purring – a critical appraisal of Remmers & Gautier, 1972
Creators: name: Herbst, Christian T.
name: Svec, Jan G.
name: Fitch, Tecumseh
Year: 2023
Subjects: cat purring
bioacoustics
physical voice production mechanism

description: No abstract available
title: Home Interventions for Older Adults with Asthma
Creators: name: Turcotte, David
name: Woskie, Susan
name: Chaves, Emily
name: Adejumo, Kelechi
name: Gore, Rebecca
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2017

description: Older asthmatic adults are more likely to experience respiratory failure than younger adults and children with asthma. Older adults spend up to 90% of their time in the home where many allergens are found. While there is sufficient evidence that home interventions improve the health of asthmatic children, there is insufficient evidence for the effectiveness of home interventions with adults. Our research evaluates the hypothesis that multi-trigger, multifaceted home interventions improve respiratory health and reduce home asthma triggers for older adults.

Methods: We evaluated the effectiveness of conducting interventions in the homes of 86 diverse, low-income older adults (age 62 or above) diagnosed with asthma, residing in public and private subsidized housing. The two largest populations include Hispanics (45%) and Asians (20%). Data was collected on respiratory health outcomes before and after the home intervention (questionnaires on symptoms, quality of life, medication use, doctor/ER/hospital visits, and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) a measure of lung inflammation). Asthma trigger activities (ATAs) and exposures were also evaluated before and after the home intervention (questionnaire, home survey, measurement of nitrogen dioxide (NO2), dust samples for rodent and cockroach allergens, biomarker for cigarette smoke exposure (urinary cotinine).

Interventions included education on asthma and environmental triggers; environmental remediation including mattress/pillow covers, provision of vacuum with HEPA filters, green cleaning supplies and changes in home as needed (commercial cleaning, integrated pest management, gas stove replacement, mold remediation).

Results: Significant health improvements were found in the following areas: number of doctor visits due to asthma, quality of life indicators including symptom and activity levels, and asthma control test.
Probability Logic for Harsanyi Type Spaces
Creators: name: Zhou, Chunlai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Probability logic has contributed to significant developments in belief types for game-theoretical economics. We present a new probability logic for Harsanyi Type spaces, show its completeness, and prove both a de-nesting property and a unique extension theorem. We then prove that multi-agent interactive epistemology has greater complexity than its single-agent counterpart by showing that if the probability indices of the belief language are restricted to a finite set of rationals and there are finitely many propositional letters, then the canonical space for probabilistic beliefs with one agent is finite while the canonical one with at least two agents has the cardinality of the continuum. Finally, we generalize the three notions of definability in multimodal logics to logics of probabilistic belief and knowledge, namely implicit definability, reducibility, and explicit definability. We find that S5-knowledge can be implicitly defined by probabilistic belief but not reduced to it and hence is not explicitly definable by probabilistic belief.
title: Polymeric Nanoparticles for Targeted Combination Treatment of Temozolomide Resistant Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM)
Creators: name: Velpurisiva, Praveena
name: Piel, Brandon
name: Lepine, Jack
name: Rai, Prakash
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2017

description: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive cancer that originates from astrocytes and spreads to spinal cord and other parts of the brain. Increase in replication of glial cells leads to advantageous mutations in the tumor. According to the cancer statistics from 2015 about 15,320 deaths were reported due to GBM. Five-year survival is less than 5% making GBM a dreadful form of cancer. Current treatment involves complex invasive surgery, followed by chemotherapy and radiation. The goal of this study is to develop a combination therapy to treat GBM using Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles encapsulated with two drugs namely gefitinib and GSK461364, each with a unique target. Gefitinib is a Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor, which competes for ATP-binding site of EGFR-TK. GSK461364 is a Polo-like Kinase (PLK-1) inhibitor that blocks the G2/M transition in tumor cell cycle. These distinct hydrophobic drugs are tested on U-87 MG (human malignant glioma) cell line. PLGA is attached to Polyethylene glycol (PEG), which is conjugated to transferrin receptor binding peptide. These transferrin peptides bind to transferrin receptors (TfR) or CD71 and enable the entry of PLGA-PEG nanoparticles across the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB). Results of characterization, TEM, SEM images, in vitro drug release profiles, stability, cytotoxicity assay, flow cytometry data of uptake of the nanoparticles will be presented.
title: Toxic effects of ozone on selected stored product insects and germ quality of germinating seeds
Creators: name: Mahroof, Rizana
name: Amoah, Barbara
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: The merchant grain beetle (MGB), Oryzaephilus mercator (Fauvel), the cigarette beetle (CB) Lasioderma serricorne (F.) and the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) cause significant damage to stored grain, grain-based products, and other durable commodities. Ozone, a highly oxidative toxic gas, has the potent to kill insects, meantime degrades rapidly to oxygen, making it a potential alternative to phosphine, a fumigant to which insects are developing resistance. The adults of MGB and CB were exposed to ozone concentrations of 100 - 400 ppm at 50 ppm increments for one hour and at 100 ppm for 1-6 h. Adults of rice weevil buried at 5, 15 or 25 cm depths within a wheat mass placed in 10 cm diameter 30 cm high PVC pipes were exposed to ozone concentration of 200 ppm for six hours and then at 12-h increments up to 60 h. Adult survival was recorded at 0, 24, and 48 h post-treatment. Significantly fewer MGB or CB adults survived when exposed to higher ozone concentrations or when exposed to ozone in the absence of food. RW adult mortality at 5 cm depth were significantly higher than that of 15 or 25 cm depths. This paper further discusses about mortality of MGB, CB and RW adults at different exposure periods at various ozone concentrations and effect of ozone on wheat germination.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
title: Optimizing Microfluidic Design for Cell Separation
Creators: name: Wakim, Joseph
name: De Jesus Vega, Marisel
name: Orbey, Nese
name: Barry, Carol
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2017

description: To evaluate the performance of various designs of crossflow filtration microfluidic devices, blood flow was modeled using computational fluid dynamics software (COMSOL Multiphysics). Velocity profiles were generated and used to analyze four critical design parameters: pillar size, pillar shape, gap size, and wall length. These parameters were optimized to yield greatest flow from an unfiltered main channel into two filtered side channels of the device, thereby maximizing filtration capacity.

Devices containing pillars of 10 µm diameter yielded a significantly greater filtration capacity than devices with pillars of 20 µm diameter. Flow patterns from the main channel to the side channels were not significantly affected when circular, octagonal, and hexagonal pillars were compared; however, use of triangular and square pillars caused a reduction in side channel flow rates. Side channel velocities consistently improved as gap sizes were increased from 3.0 µm to 8.0 µm; however, 3.5 µm gaps were included in the final design for the purpose of separating red and white blood cells. Backflow prevention walls were placed at bends in the device and were systematically lengthened until all backflow was eliminated.

Following optimization of the microfluidic device, two prototypes were prepared: a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) device with glass backing and a silicon device with PDMS backing. The filtration capacity of these devices were tested using polystyrene microspheres with sizes corresponding to those of red and white blood cells. In both prototypes, between 73 and 75% of small microspheres were consistently filtered into the side channels. Silicon-PDMS devices demonstrated better retention of large microspheres in the main channel and less microsphere agglomeration than did PDMS-glass devices. The benefits of silicon-PDMS devices, however, came at the cost of a difficult fabrication process.
Role of TLR4 in the induction of inflammatory changes in adipocytes and macrophages
Creators: name: K. McKernan
name: M. Varghese
name: R. Patel
name: K. Singer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: In obesity, high levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) contribute to adipose tissue inflammation and dysfunction. Obesity-induced macrophage infiltration leads to insulin resistance, but the adipocyte itself may play a role in generating the inflammatory milieu. Given our recent findings of the role of TLR4 in myeloid biasing in obesity, we next investigated the role of TLR4 in adipocyte generated inflammatory responses to SFAs and lipopolysaccharides. We used WT and Tlr4−/- ear mesenchymal stem cell derived adipocytes (EMSC Ad) and bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) to evaluate cell specific responses. Our work demonstrates a role for TLR4 in adipocyte- immune cell crosstalk and that SFA derived metabolites from adipocytes may induce proinflammatory stimulation of immune cells in a TLR4 independent manner.
Proceedings 1st International Workshop on Synthesis of Continuous Parameters
Creators: name: André, Étienne
name: Frehse, Goran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: F.1.1; D.4.7; F.1.2; D.2.4

description: This volume contains the proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Synthesis of Continuous Parameters (SynCoP'14). The workshop was held in Grenoble, France on April 6th, 2014, as a satellite event of the 17th European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software (ETAPS'14). SynCoP aims at bringing together researchers working on parameter synthesis for systems with continuous variables, where the parameters consist of a (usually dense) set of constant values. Synthesis problems for such parameters arise for real-time, hybrid or probabilistic systems in a large variety application domains. A parameter could be, e.g., a delay in a real-time system, or a reaction rate in a biological cell model. The objective of the synthesis problem is to identify suitable parameters to achieve desired behavior, or to verify the behavior for a given range of parameter values. This volume contains seven contributions: two invited talks and five regular papers.
title: Update on ProFume® gas fumigant (sulfuryl fluoride) use for post-harvest pest control
Creators: name: Nead-Nylander, Barbara
name: Thoms, Ellen
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
Nutzung digitaler und nicht-digitaler Materialien im Mathematikunterricht
Creators: name: Lindermayer, Christian
name: Kosiol, Timo
name: Ufer, Stefan
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digitale Medien
subject: Materialeinsatz
subject: Selbstkonzept
subject: Wert
subject: Will-Skill-Tool
subject: Sek 2
subject: interdisziplinär
subject: Digitalisierung & Mathematik
subject: 510

description: Im Zuge der digitalen Transformation sehen sich Lehrkräfte zunehmend mit der bildungspolitischen Forderung konfrontiert, digitale Materialien in ihrem Unterricht professionell und didaktisch sinnvoll zu nutzen (KMK, 2016). Dass digitale Materialien positive Effekte auf die Lernergebnisse von Schüler* innen in Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften haben können, zeigt sich u. a. in einer Meta-Analyse von Hillmayr et. al. (2020). Für die Lehrkräfte bringt die Integration digitaler Materialien in den Fachunterricht neue Herausforderungen mit sich, und sich dieser zu stellen ist eine individuelle Entscheidung. Vor diesem Hintergrund gilt es zu untersuchen, inwiefern sich Lehrkräfte zum einen systematisch darin unterscheiden, ob und wie häufig sie Materialien überhaupt einsetzen und zum anderen, ob es dabei Unterschiede gibt, wenn man zwischen digitalen und nicht-digitalen Materialien differenziert. Von Interesse ist ferner, inwieweit sich der jeweilige Einsatz durch personenbezogene Merkmale der jeweiligen Lehrkräfte oder auch durch die Schulart, an der die Lehrkräfte tätig sind, erklären lassen. Die internationale Schulleistungsstudie ICILS 2018 zeigt z. B. in fachübergreifenden Analysen, dass ein leicht höherer Anteil der Lehrkräfte an gymnasialen Schulformen digitale Materialien seit mehr als fünf Jahren im Unterricht einsetzte als an nicht-gymnasialen Schulformen (Eickelmann et. al., 2019).
Role of TLR4 in the induction of inflammatory changes in adipocytes and macrophages
Creators: name: K. McKernan
name: M. Varghese
name: R. Patel
name: K. Singer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: In obesity, high levels of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) contribute to adipose tissue inflammation and dysfunction. Obesity-induced macrophage infiltration leads to insulin resistance, but the adipocyte itself may play a role in generating the inflammatory milieu. Given our recent findings of the role of TLR4 in myeloid biasing in obesity, we next investigated the role of TLR4 in adipocyte generated inflammatory responses to SFAs and lipopolysaccharides. We used WT and Tlr4−/-  ear mesenchymal stem cell derived adipocytes (EMSC Ad) and bone marrow dendritic cells (BMDCs) to evaluate cell specific responses. Our work demonstrates a role for TLR4 in adipocyte- immune cell crosstalk and that SFA derived metabolites from adipocytes may induce proinflammatory stimulation of immune cells in a TLR4 independent manner.
title: Transcriptional Regulation of Cardiac Remodeling in a Porcine Model with Validation in Human Subjects
Creators: name: Vaze, Aditya
name: McManus, David D.
name: Donahue, Kevin
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: The majority of new atrial fibrillation (AF) cases occur in elderly patients with cardiac remodeling (CR) in the setting of structural heart disease and heart failure (HF). We leveraged a unique animal model to identify cardiac microRNAs (miRNAs) and gene regulatory mechanisms that drive this process.

Methods: We prospectively quantified atrial expression of 48 miRNAs by high-throughput qRT-PCR in 15 pigs with right-atrial pacing-induced heart disease (5 pigs with AF/severe HF, 5 pigs with AF/mild HF, and 5 control pigs) as well as in 21 patients (11 with AF and CR and 10 controls) undergoing cardiac surgery. CR and HF were defined through a metric of left atrial volume index, BNP and ejection fraction. MiRNA levels were normalized to global mean and expression compared across pig subtypes and between the two human groups.

Results: In the porcine model, miR-208b was upregulated at week 1 (ΔCT= -3.9, pT = -5.5, pT = -1.5, pT = -1.5, p<0.05) after induction of AF compared to sinus rhythm animals. The increase persisted at week 3 compared to week 1 (ΔCT = -1.5, p<0.05). Similarly, humans with AF and HF had higher tissue expression of miR-208b compared to controls (ΔCT = -1.5, p<0.05).

Conclusions: Dysregulation of miR-208b is confirmed in our porcine model and is validated in humans. Prior studies have identified miR-208b in both myosin isoform switching and conduction disease. We theorize that dysregulation of miR-208b may play a critical role in atrial structural remodeling and vulnerability to AF.
A Challenging Solar Eruptive Event of 18 November 2003 and the Causes of the 20 November Geomagnetic Superstorm. III. Catastrophe of the Eruptive Filament at a Magnetic Null Point and Formation of an Opposite-Handedness CME
Creators: name: Uralov, A. M.
name: Grechnev, V. V.
name: Rudenko, G. V.
name: Myshyakov, I. I.
name: Chertok, I. M.
name: Filippov, B. P.
name: Slemzin, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our analysis in Papers I and II (Grechnev et al., 2014, Solar Phys. 289, 289 and 1279) of the 18 November 2003 solar event responsible for the 20 November geomagnetic superstorm has revealed a complex chain of eruptions. In particular, the eruptive filament encountered a topological discontinuity located near the solar disk center at a height of about 100 Mm, bifurcated, and transformed into a large cloud, which did not leave the Sun. Concurrently, an additional CME presumably erupted close to the bifurcation region. The conjectures about the responsibility of this compact CME for the superstorm and its disconnection from the Sun are confirmed in Paper IV (Grechnev et al., Solar Phys., submitted), which concludes about its probable spheromak-like structure. The present paper confirms the presence of a magnetic null point near the bifurcation region and addresses the origin of the magnetic helicity of the interplanetary magnetic clouds and their connection to the Sun. We find that the orientation of a magnetic dipole constituted by dimmed regions with the opposite magnetic polarities away from the parent active region corresponded to the direction of the axial field in the magnetic cloud, while the pre-eruptive filament mismatched it. To combine all of the listed findings, we come to an intrinsically three-dimensional scheme, in which a spheromak-like eruption originates via the interaction of the initially unconnected magnetic fluxes of the eruptive filament and pre-existing ones in the corona. Through a chain of magnetic reconnections their positive mutual helicity was transformed into the self-helicity of the spheromak-like magnetic cloud.
description: 30 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in Solar Physics. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11207-014-0536-4
Dimensional reduction of the massless limit of the linearized "New Massive Gravity"
Creators: name: Biazotti, H. A.
name: Dalmazi, D.
name: de Gracia, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The so called "New Massive Gravity" in $D=2+1$ consists of the Einstein-Hilbert action (with minus sign) plus a quadratic term in curvatures ($K$-term). Here we perform the Kaluza-Klein dimensional reduction of the linearized $K$-term to $D=1+1$. We end up with a fourth-order massive electrodynamics in $D=1+1$ described by a rank-2 tensor. Remarkably, there appears a local symmetry in $D=1+1$ which persists even after gauging away the Stueckelberg fields of the dimensional reduction. It plays the role of a $U(1)$ gauge symmetry. Although of higher-order in derivatives, the new $2D$ massive electrodynamics is ghost free, as we show here. It is shown, via master action, to be dual to the Maxwell-Proca theory with a scalar Stueckelberg field.
description: 12 pages, one more reference and text slightly modified accordingly
Potenziale digitaler Medien zur Differenzierung im Grundschulunterricht
Creators: name: Winkel, Kirsten
name: Ladel, Silke
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digitale Medien
subject: Heterogenität
subject: Differenzierung
subject: Arbeitsgedächtnis
subject: Grundschule
subject: Arithmetik
subject: Digitalisierung & Mathematik
subject: 510

description: In verschiedenen Forschungsprojekten haben wir uns damit beschäftigt, wie digitale Medien im Grundschulunterricht eingesetzt werden können, um Kindern mit unterschiedlichen Voraussetzungen bei der Verarbeitung mathematischer Informationen im Arbeitsgedächtnis besser gerecht werden zu können (siehe Berger et al., 2022; Cubillo et al., 2022; Ladel, 2020; Winkel & Zipperle, 2022). Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist es, die Implikationen, die sich daraus für den Einsatz digitaler Medien beim Mathematiklernen in der Grundschule ergeben, zusammenzufassen. Für eine ausführlichere Fassung dieses Beitrags mit konkreten Beispielen sei verwiesen auf Winkel und Ladel (2022).
title: Implementation of SAMHSA-funded Offender Re-Entry Programs Addressing Substance Use and Co-occurring Disorders among Justice Involved Latino Adults
Creators: name: Wangari Walter, Angela
name: Hall, Jessica
name: Chassler, Deborah
name: Mullins, Rachel
name: DeJesus, Diliana
name: Stewart, Emily
name: Lundgren, Lena
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2017

description: Objectives: Racial and ethnic minorities have high rates of incarceration and persons entering the criminal justice system have disproportionate rates of mental health and substance use disorders Justice involved individuals do not receive adequate treatment resulting in greater risk of recidivism and relapse. This study examines the facilitators and barriers to implementing a SAMHSA-funded Offender Re-Entry Program (ORP) to better understand the factors that influence successful implementation of integrated bilingual/bicultural treatment, recovery, and re-entry services for recently incarcerated adult Latino individuals with substance use and co-occurring behavioral health disorders.

Methods: Structured interviews were conducted with leadership, direct staff, and non-direct staff involved in the development and implementation of the Rumbo a Casa ORP at Casa Esperanza, Inc. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), we investigated the domains and constructs that were critical to successful implementation. Interviews were analyzed using NVivo 11 software.

Results: Qualitative analyses show that across all domains, inner setting, particularly the implementation climate of an organization, is reported most often as influencing (positively or negatively) the implementation of the program. Findings show that the current process structure and the characteristics of individuals are greatly impacting program implementation as reported by direct staff. These findings demonstrate that the process of implementation which includes planning, engaging, executing, reflecting and evaluating constructs is essential for the successful implementation an offender-reentry program. Dedicated leadership is necessary to enhance implementation of fundamental program activities using a Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) quality improvement cycle.

Conclusion: An established implementation research framework can identify key issues critical to the implementation and evaluation processes. This study provides a deepened understanding of components critical to the successful implementation of an ORP and adds to the limited implementation research knowledge on evidence-based care approaches for justice involved Latino adults.