cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optical Berry Curvature of Hinge State and Its Detection
Creators: name: Liu, Zheng
name: Qiao, Zhenhua
name: Gao, Yang
name: Niu, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the topological hinge state can possess a nontrivial optical Berry curvature in the nonAbelian formulation of the Berry curvature. It can be readily probed by the circular photogalvanic effect (CPGE), with the light illuminating a specific hinge, and we refer to it as the hinge CPGE. As a concrete example, we calculate the hinge CPGE in ferromagnetic MnBi2nTe3n+1, and find that the hinge CPGE peak structure well reflects the optical Berry curvature of hinge states and the optical sum rule captures the optical Berry curvature between the hinge state and the ground state. Thus, the hinge CPGE provides a promising route towards the optical detection of the hinge state geometrical structure.
Apparent Fine Tunings for Field Theories with Broken Space-Time Symmetries
Creators: name: Nicolis, Alberto
name: Rothstein, Ira Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exhibit a class of effective field theories that have hierarchically small Wilson coefficients for operators that are not protected by symmetries but are not finely tuned. These theories possess bounded target spaces and vacua that break space-time symmetries. We give a physical interpretation of these theories as generalized solids with open boundary conditions. We show that these theories realize unusual RG flows where higher dimensional (seemingly irrelevant) operators become relevant even at weak coupling. Finally, we present an example of a field theory whose vacuum energy relaxes to a hierarchically small value compared to the UV cut-off.
description: 21 Pages
Additional file 1: of Greater political commitment needed to eliminate malaria
Creators: name: Minghui Ren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Multilingual abstracts in the five official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 468 kb)
Speculative Resales of Maryland Tobacco
Creators: name: Brown, J. W. H.
name: Brown, J. W. H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1960
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: Maryland speculators receive more than one-half million dollars in gross income from each year's tobacco crop. For the purpose of this study, a speculator is defined as a person purchasing tobacco for immediate resale in the hope of making a profit. Maryland speculators who purchase for immediate resale may be divided into four groups: (1) Pinhookers, who buy tobacco on the auction floor and resell it on the auction floor; (2) transfer buyers, who purchase tobacco on the farm where it is grown and sell it either on the auction market or on the hogshead market; (3) warehousemen, who buy tobacco on the auction market and resell it on the auction market; and (4) those who operate as both transfer buyers and pinhookers. Results of this study have been made available to the Maryland Tobacco Authority, which regulates the Maryland tobacco auctions. On the basis of these findings, that agency is tightening up its regulations and its inspection of the operation of the markets. This should result in more efficient operation of the markets and in lower speculative margins. Reduced speculative margins may give farmers a better opportunity to retain part of the margins for themselves.
Conhecimento sobre anticoagulação oral em pacientes após o implante de valva metálica cardíaca: revisão integrativa.
Creators: name: Thomaz Lima, Isabele
name: Algarte Fernandes, Paolla
name: Maier, Suellen Rodrigues de Oliveira
name: Dessotte, Carina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110201 Cardiology (incl. Cardiovascular Diseases)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111004 Clinical Nursing: Tertiary (Rehabilitative)
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Avaliar, a partir de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, o conhecimento dos pacientes sobre a terapia de anticoagulação oral após cirurgia cardíaca para implante de valva metálica cardíaca. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, cujo a questão norteadora do estudo foi elaborada seguindo a estratégia PICO, a saber: Qual o conhecimento dos pacientes sobre a terapia de anticoagulação oral após cirurgia cardíaca para implante de valva metálica? As buscas serão realizadas nas bases de dados: Embase; Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), via Pubmed; SCOPUS, via Elsevier; e Web of Science. Previamente à busca, serão selecionados descritores controlados do Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) para a busca no MEDLINE; Emtree para a busca na Embase; além de descritores não controlados (palavras-chave) nas bases Web of Science e SCOPUS. Todos os descritores controlados e não controlados serão combinados com operadores booleanos, AND e OR. Com relação à hierarquia da evidência, os artigos selecionados foram classificados conforme Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine, sequencialmente, obedecendo os seguintes níveis: I - as evidências científicas provenientes de revisão sistemática de ensaios randomizados controlados ou clínicos randomizados (ECR); II – evidências científicas provenientes de revisões sistemáticas randomizadas individuais ou observacionais; III - evidências científicas por meio de estudos sem randomização, coorte ou de seguimento; IV - evidências científicas derivadas de estudos de caso-controle, estudos de caso e longitudinais; e V - evidências originárias de estudos descritivos. Para viabilizar um processo de busca organizado e criterioso, será utilizado o The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)
Volume 12: Issue 4: Advancing Nuclear Power
Creators: Various
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024

Volume 12: Issue 4: Advancing Nuclear Power
This special issue presents seven insightful articles that delve into the economic viability of small modular reactors (SMRs), providing system-bearing ancillary services, fully electric maritime vessels, modeling and simulation of SMR-based power systems, cybersecurity challenges and cyberattack detection mechanisms, hydrogen production, and intrinsic safety features of SMRs. The eighth article is a viewpoint article analyzing SMRs in terms of modularity and evaluating SMRs for addressing the global challenge of decarbonization in the electricity sector by 2050. The issue also includes three articles from regular submission which present the development of a bulk carrier and general cargo ship standard for shore power connections in port, a historic review of the business models of power systems focusing in particular on Tokyo Electric Light Company's forward-looking perspectives on electricity management, and a discussion on electrification education.
Teaching the angle as direction using visual programming
Creators: name: KAKAVAS, KONSTANTINOS
name: ZACHAROS, KONSTANTINOS
name: SKOPELITI, IRINI
name: KOMIS, VASSILIS
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: Concept of the angle, angle as direction, Scratch, visual programming

description: The present research is part of a wider study, which aims to teach the concept of angle using the visual programming language Scratch. Four semi-structured real-world digital simulations were designed that highlighted the angle as a “change of direction” of an object's initial position or initial trajectory. The research involved 35 sixth grade students who used Scratch to design the digital simulations in order for the students to master the aspect of the concept of the angle related to “direction”. It was found that visual programming can be used satisfactorily to teach “direction” as a sub-dimension of angle. Specifically, 32 students designed at least 3 correct digital simulations, while a variety of strategies were observed that students used to achieve the goal of each task. It was also found that Scratch helped the students effectively manipulate the dynamic characteristics of the angle in each situation they designed.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Education, Vol. 3, N. 1 (2023)
A Retrieve-and-Read Framework for Knowledge Graph Link Prediction
Creators: name: Pahuja, Vardaan
name: Wang, Boshi
name: Latapie, Hugo
name: Srinivasa, Jayanth
name: Su, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge graph (KG) link prediction aims to infer new facts based on existing facts in the KG. Recent studies have shown that using the graph neighborhood of a node via graph neural networks (GNNs) provides more useful information compared to just using the query information. Conventional GNNs for KG link prediction follow the standard message-passing paradigm on the entire KG, which leads to superfluous computation, over-smoothing of node representations, and also limits their expressive power. On a large scale, it becomes computationally expensive to aggregate useful information from the entire KG for inference. To address the limitations of existing KG link prediction frameworks, we propose a novel retrieve-and-read framework, which first retrieves a relevant subgraph context for the query and then jointly reasons over the context and the query with a high-capacity reader. As part of our exemplar instantiation for the new framework, we propose a novel Transformer-based GNN as the reader, which incorporates graph-based attention structure and cross-attention between query and context for deep fusion. This simple yet effective design enables the model to focus on salient context information relevant to the query. Empirical results on two standard KG link prediction datasets demonstrate the competitive performance of the proposed method. Furthermore, our analysis yields valuable insights for designing improved retrievers within the framework.
description: Accepted to CIKM'23; Published version DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3583780.3614769 ;12 pages, 4 figures
Information Systems Usage Issues in Agricultural Organisations: Exploratory Status Quo Bias Theory Perspective
Creators: name: Nugawela, Saliya
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2025

description: Despite the great potential of information systems to deliver innovative solutions, farm stakeholders tend to lack the enthusiasm to use information systems solutions, demonstrating a degree of resistance. The research was conducted to explain why information systems usage issues are observed in agricultural organisations and how the farm stakeholders' status quo bias gives rise to information systems usage issues. This research makes an essential contribution by extending the existing theoretical knowledge of Status quo bias theory by incorporating three new constructs to the status quo bias theory. Risk and Uncertainty, Innate Conservatism, and Work Impediments are the three new constructs.
Millimetre Science with the Upgraded Australia Telescope
Creators: name: Wong, T.
name: Melatos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new astronomical window into the southern skies has been opened with the high-frequency upgrade to the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), which allows radio-interferometric mapping of sources at wavelengths as short as 3mm. In anticipation of the upgrade's completion, a two-day workshop was held at the University of Melbourne in November 2001. The workshop covered a diverse range of fields, tied together by a common theme of identifying key areas where ATCA observations can have an impact. More than half of the talks were concerned with molecular clouds and star formation, with the remainder covering topics such as molecular gas in the Galactic Centre, Seyfert nuclei, and high-redshift objects. Some early results from the 3mm and 12mm prototype systems were also presented. In consultation with the speakers, we are presenting in this article a summary of the talks. The original slides are available at http://www.atnf.csiro.au/whats_on/workshops/mm_science2001/ .
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, summary of a workshop held in Melbourne in 2001 Nov., to appear in PASA, minor corrections
Long-term Deformation Monitoring of CERN Concrete-lined Tunnels using Distributed Fibre-optic Sensing
Creators: name: V. Di Murro, L. Pelecanos
Publisher: name: Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Fibre-optic sensing
Tunnels
Soil-structure interaction
Brillouin scattering
Long-term monitoring

description: The Geotechnical Engineering Journal of the SEAGS & AGSSEA, 50, 2, pp 1-7
Dielectric relaxation and predominance of NSPT and OLPT conduction processes in Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3
Creators: name: Zaitouni, H.
name: Hajji, L.
name: Choukri, E.
name: Mezzane, D.
name: Abkhar, Z.
name: Essaleh, L.
name: Alimoussa, A.
name: Marssi, M. El
name: Luk'yanchuk, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relaxation and conduction mechanism of Ba0.90Sr0.10TiO3 (BST) ceramic, synthesized by the solid state reaction method. The dielectric and relaxation properties are analyzed in the temperature range of 380-450°C with alternative current in the frequency range of 20Hz-1MHz. Variation of dielectric constant, ε', with temperature shows a normal ferroelectric transition at Tc=95°C with a weak degree of diffuseness. The modified Cole-Cole equation is used to describe all contributions to the relaxation mechanism. The frequency exponent m(ω,T) deduced from experimental data of the dielectric loss (ε") as m(ω, T)=($\partial$ ln ε"/$\partial$ ln ω) shows a temperature and frequency dependence. Two conduction process are observed: non-overlapping small-polaron tunneling (NSPT) at low frequencies and overlapping large polaron tunneling (OLPT) at high frequencies. The analysis of Nyquist plots reveals also the presence of two contributions, who which the activation energies have been calculated.
Distributed Brillouin Sensing for Geotechnical Infrastructure: Capabilities and Challenges
Creators: name: N. Noether And S. Von Der Mark
Publisher: name: Southeast Asian Geotechnical Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Distributed fiber-optic Brillouin sensing
BOFDA
Spatial resolution
Dynamic range

description: The Geotechnical Engineering Journal of the SEAGS & AGSSEA, 50, 2, pp 8-12
Bohmian Mechanics as a Practical Tool
Creators: name: Oianguren-Asua, Xabier
name: Destefani, Carlos F.
name: Villani, Matteo
name: Ferry, David K.
name: Oriols, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this chapter, we will take a trip around several hot-spots where Bohmian mechanics and its capacity to describe the microscopic reality, even in the absence of measurements, can be harnessed as computational tools, in order to help in the prediction of phenomenologically accessible information (also useful for the followers of the Copenhagen theory). As a first example, we will see how a Stochastic Schrödinger Equation, when used to compute the reduced density matrix of a non-Markovian open quantum system, necessarily seems to employ the Bohmian concept of a conditional wavefunction. We will see that by dressing these conditional wavefunctions with an interpretation, the Bohmian theory can prove to be a useful tool to build general quantum frameworks, like a high-frequency electron transport model. As a second example, we will introduce how a Copenhagen "observable operator" can be derived from numerical properties of the Bohmian trajectories, which within Bohmian mechanics, are well-defined even for an "unmeasured" system. Most importantly in practice, even if these numbers are given no ontological meaning, not only we will be able to simulate (thus, predict and talk about) them, but we will see that they can be operationally determined in a weak value experiment. Therefore, they will be practical numbers to characterize a quantum system irrespective of the followed quantum theory.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, final version of the chapter of the book "Physics and the Nature of Reality: Essays in Memory of Detlef D\"urr", published by Springer (2024), edited by Angelo Bassi, Sheldon Goldstein, Roderich Tumulka and Nino Zangh\`i
Black holes and gravitational waves in concert - a probe of superstring cosmology
Creators: name: Copeland, Edmund J.
name: Liddle, Andrew R.
name: Lidsey, James E.
name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two strands of observational gravitation, one the search for astrophysical evidence of primordial black holes and the other the search for gravitational waves, may combine to provide strong evidence in favour of cosmological models based on superstring theory, the leading candidate for unifying gravity with the other fundamental forces.
description: 5 pages, Latex, no figures. Awarded fifth prize in 1998 Gravity Research Foundation Essay Competition. To appear in Gen. Rel. Grav
Deep Learning for Classical Japanese Literature
Creators: name: Clanuwat, Tarin
name: Bober-Irizar, Mikel
name: Kitamoto, Asanobu
name: Lamb, Alex
name: Yamamoto, Kazuaki
name: Ha, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Much of machine learning research focuses on producing models which perform well on benchmark tasks, in turn improving our understanding of the challenges associated with those tasks. From the perspective of ML researchers, the content of the task itself is largely irrelevant, and thus there have increasingly been calls for benchmark tasks to more heavily focus on problems which are of social or cultural relevance. In this work, we introduce Kuzushiji-MNIST, a dataset which focuses on Kuzushiji (cursive Japanese), as well as two larger, more challenging datasets, Kuzushiji-49 and Kuzushiji-Kanji. Through these datasets, we wish to engage the machine learning community into the world of classical Japanese literature. Dataset available at https://github.com/rois-codh/kmnist
description: To appear at Neural Information Processing Systems 2018 Workshop on Machine Learning for Creativity and Design
Matrix balls, radial analysis of Berezin kernels, and hypergeometric determinants
Creators: name: Neretin, Yurii A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 43A85, 22E46, 53C35, 32A25, 43A90, 33C05, 33E20, 15A15

description: Consider the pseidounitary group $G=U(p,q)$ and its compact subgroup $K=U(p)$. We construct an explicit unitary intertwining operator from the tensor product of a holomorphic representation and a antiholomorphic representation of $G$ to the space $L^2(G/K)$. This implies the existense of a canonical action of the group $G\times G$ in $L^2(G/K)$. We also give a survey of analysis of Berezin kernels and their relations with special functions.
description: 46 pages; misprints are corrected; addendum on pseudoriemannian symmetric spaces is added
Discovering Process Models With Long-Term Dependencies While Providing Guarantees and Filtering Infrequent Behavior Patterns
Creators: name: Mannel, Lisa Luise
name: van der Aalst, Wil M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In process discovery, the goal is to find, for a given event log, the model describing the underlying process. While process models can be represented in a variety of ways, Petri nets form a theoretically well-explored description language and are therefore often used. In this paper, we extend the eST-Miner process discovery algorithm. The eST-Miner computes a set of Petri net places which are considered to be fitting with respect to a certain fraction of the behavior described by the given event log as indicated by a given noise threshold. It evaluates all possible candidate places using token-based replay. The set of replayable traces is determined for each place in isolation, i.e., these sets do not need to be consistent. This allows the algorithm to abstract from infrequent behavioral patterns occurring only in some traces. However, when combining places into a Petri net by connecting them to the corresponding uniquely labeled transitions, the resulting net can replay exactly those traces from the event log that are allowed by the combination of all inserted places. Thus, inserting places one-by-one without considering their combined effect may result in deadlocks and low fitness of the Petri net. In this paper, we explore adaptions of the eST-Miner, that aim to select a subset of places such that the resulting Petri net guarantees a definable minimal fitness while maintaining high precision with respect to the input event log. Furthermore, current place evaluation techniques tend to block the execution of infrequent activity labels. Thus, a refined place fitness metric is introduced and thoroughly investigated. In our experiments we use real and artificial event logs to evaluate and compare the impact of the various place selection strategies and place fitness evaluation metrics on the returned Petri net.
description: Fundamenta Informaticae, Petri Nets Special Issue 2022
NUTRIENT TRADING IN LAKE ROTORUA: WHERE ARE WE NOW?
Creators: name: Lock, Kelly
name: Kerr, Suzi
name: Lock, Kelly
name: Kerr, Suzi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: water quality
subject: nutrients
subject: trading
subject: Lake Rotorua

description: A number of decisions need to be made when setting up a nutrient trading system including defining a target, allocating allowances and setting up a monitoring system. To ensure that the nutrient trading system implemented operates in harmony with existing regulation, existing work and institutions need to be used to guide this decision making process. This paper briefly explores each of the decisions required to implement a nutrient trading system and to what extent they have been addressed so far. This will provide context for following papers which will examine each issue in more depth.
Mental representations of children 4-6 years old about air in ‘open’ and ‘closed’ space
Creators: name: KONTILI, EVANTHIA-MARKELLA
name: KALIAMPOS, GEORGE
name: RAVANIS, KONSTANTINOS
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: Early Childhood Science Education, air, mental representations

description: A significant amount of research in the field of Early Childhood Science Education is oriented towards the study of young children's mental representations of entities, phenomena and concepts in the physical sciences. These representations can be proved as powerful tools for the development of activities in overcoming children's difficulties and constructing in their minds new representations compatible with Physical Sciences models. Despite the fact that air constitutes a fundamental physical entity of children’s everyday life, it has been hardly studied in the international literature. In the current paper an attempt was made to study the mental representations of children aged 4-6 years old about air. In particular, we investigated children’s representations about the existence of air in both indoor and outdoor environments. Forty-one children attending a kindergarten in Patras (Greece) took part in the study. Along individual semi-structured interviews, the children were presented with 3 different pictures and were asked to point out whether air exist in the illustrated images. Specifically, the images depicted an indoor room with either a closed or open window as well as an outdoor environment and the discussions with the children focused on the different characteristics of the portrayed pictures. The results showed that the presence of air is identified in a more consistent and stable manner either in outdoor environments or in indoor rooms which however come in contact with outdoor environment through an open window.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Education, Vol. 3, N. 2 (2023) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée 8, Tunisia
Towards Design For a Nutrient Trading Programme to Improve Water Quality in Lake Rotorua
Creators: name: Kerr, Suzi
name: Lauder, Glen
name: Fairman, David
name: Kerr, Suzi
name: Lauder, Glen
name: Fairman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: water quality
subject: emissions trading
subject: non-point
subject: source
subject: pollution
subject: nutrients
subject: Rotorua communication
subject: learning

description: This paper explores how to enhance the role for academic research (natural sciences, economics and their integration; and stakeholder management) within the development and implementation of water quality policy in New Zealand. Our focus is on the use of market based instruments and particularly nutrient trading programmes, which are one important part of the potential tool kit to address these issues. We discuss why nutrient trading might be an appropriate instrument for the Lake Rotorua catchment. We survey the existing literature and then outline the outstanding scientific, economic and governance questions that need to be addressed to design an effective trading programme. Finally we discuss how to design a process to address these questions drawing on both technical and practical knowledge through a learning process.
Incompatibility of quantum instruments
Creators: name: Leppäjärvi, Leevi
name: Sedlák, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum instruments describe outcome probability as well as state change induced by measurement of a quantum system. Incompatibility of two instruments, i. e. the impossibility to realize them simultaneously on a given quantum system, generalizes incompatibility of channels and incompatibility of positive operator-valued measures (POVMs). We derive implications of instrument compatibility for the induced POVMs and channels. We also study relation of instrument compatibility to the concept of non-disturbance. Finally, we prove equivalence between instrument compatibility and postprocessing of certain instruments, which we term complementary instruments. We illustrate our findings on examples of various classes of instruments.
description: accepted version
On the formation and evolution of black-hole binaries
Creators: name: Podsiadlowski, Philipp
name: Rappaport, Saul
name: Han, Zhanwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic study of the formation and evolution of binaries containing black holes and normal-star companions with a wide range of masses. We first reexamine the standard formation scenario for close black-hole binaries, where the spiral-in of the companion in the envelope of a massive star causes the ejection of the envelope. We estimate the formation rates for different companion masses and different assumptions about the common-envelope structure and other model parameters. We find that black-hole binaries with intermediate- and high-mass secondaries can form for a wide range of assumptions, while black-hole binaries with low-mass secondaries can only form with apparently unrealistic assumptions (in agreement with previous studies). We then present detailed binary evolution sequences for black-hole binaries with secondaries of 2 to 17 Msun and demonstrate that in these systems the black hole can accrete appreciably even if accretion is Eddington limited (up to 7 Msun for an initial black-hole mass of 10 Msun) and that the black holes can be spun up significantly in the process. We discuss the implications of these calculations for well-studied black-hole binaries (in particular GRS 1915+105), ultra-luminous X-ray sources and Cygnus X-1. Finally, we discuss how some of the assumptions in the standard model could be relaxed to allow the formation of low-mass, short-period black-hole binaries which appear to be very abundant in Nature. (Abstract abridged)
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, accepted by MNRAS, Figs. 2a/2b and 5 in very reduced format
Analyse praxéologique de la modélisation de l’évolution temporelle d’un système chimique : étude de cas en classe de terminale
Creators: name: RASSAA, KAOUTHER
name: MAY, AMAL
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: Anthropological theory of didactics, Praxeologies, Chemical kinetics, Modeling

description: This article raises the question of how a Tunisian secondary school teacher models, at the level of the final class (grade 13), the temporal evolution of a chemical system and the reasons they give to justify their choices. This work is part of the anthropological theory of didactics. The analysis of the statements of the teacher interviewed highlights the absence of a unifying model for all the kinetic phenomena studied and a relative lack of interest in the microscopic modeling of temporal evolution of a chemical system. Behind these choices lies a set of theoretically unfounded convictions and beliefs.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Education, Vol. 3, N. 2 (2023) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée 8, Tunisia
Analyse comparative de l’intervention didactique de deux enseignantes de physique dans le cadre théorique de la tutelle et médiation dans l’enseignement scientifique
Creators: name: OUERGHI, MEISSA
name: BEN KILANI, CHIRAZ
name: BOILEVIN, JEAN-MARIE
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: Teacher practice, tutoring, mediation, chronogenesis

description: This article compares the practices of two physics teachers in primary classes, based on the categorization of their didactic interventions. The classification of the interventions according to the two concepts of tutoring and mediation made it possible to describe the forms of assistance provided by the teacher in the classroom. Tracking the variation in the type of intervention according to chronogenesis also makes it possible to address the relationship between the forms of intervention chosen by the teacher and the construction of knowledge.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Education, Vol. 3, N. 2 (2023) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée 8, Tunisia
Absorption of surface acoustic-waves by quantum dots: discrete spectrum limit
Creators: name: Knaebchen, Andreas
name: Entin-Wohlman, Ora
name: Galperin, Yuri
name: Levinson, Yehoshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absorption of surface acoustic waves (SAW's) by an array of quantum dots in which the mean level spacing Delta is larger than the sound frequency omega, the temperature T, and the phase breaking rate tau^{-1}_phi is considered. The direct and the intra-level (Debye) contributions to the SAW attenuation coefficient Gamma are evaluated, and it is shown that the sensitivity to weak magnetic fields and spin-orbit scattering (``weak localization effects'') is dramatically enhanced as compared to the case of a continuous spectrum, Delta < tau^{-1}_phi. It is argued that the non-invasive measurement of Gamma represents a new tool for the investigation of the temperature dependence of the energy relaxation rate, tau^{-1}_epsilon, and the phase breaking rate, tau^{-1}_phi$, of isolated electronic systems.
description: 6 pages, no figures, Europhysics Letter style
Convergent perturbation expansion of energy eigenfunctions on unperturbed basis states in classically-forbidden regions
Creators: name: Wang, Jiaozi
name: Wang, Wen-ge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of eigenfunctions of perturbed systems, given on the eigenbases of unperturbed, integrable systems. For a given pair of perturbed and unperturbed systems, with respect to the energy of each perturbed state, the unperturbed basis states can be divided into two groups: one in the classically-allowed region and the other in the classically-forbidden region; correspondingly, the eigenfunction of the perturbed state is also divided into two parts. In the semiclassical limit, it is shown that, making use of components of the eigenfunction in its classically-allowed region, its components in the classically-forbidden region can be written in the form of a convergent perturbation expansion, which is valid for all perturbation strengths.
A population of faint, old, and massive quiescent galaxies at 3 < z < 4 revealed by JWST NIRSpec Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Jacobs, Colin
name: Kawinwanichakij, Lalitwadee
name: Schreiber, Corentin
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Esdaile, James
name: Kacprzak, Glenn G.
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: Lagos, Claudia
name: Marchesini, Danilo
name: Marsan, Z. Cemile
name: Oesch, Pascal A.
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Remus, Rhea-Silvia
name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present a sample of 12 massive quiescent galaxy candidates at z~3-4 observed with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec). These galaxies were pre-selected from the Hubble Space Telescope imaging and 10 of our sources were unable to be spectroscopically confirmed by ground based spectroscopy. By combining spectroscopic data from NIRSpec with multi-wavelength imaging data from the JWST Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam), we analyse their stellar populations and their formation histories. We find that all of our galaxies classify as quiescent based on the reconstruction of their star formation histories but show a variety of quenching timescales and ages. All our galaxies are massive ($\sim0.1-1.2 \times 10^{11} M\odot$), with masses comparable to massive galaxies in the local Universe. We find that the oldest galaxy in our sample formed $\sim1.0\times10^{11} M\odot$ of mass within the first few hundred million years of the Universe and has been quenched for more than a billion years by the time of observation at z$\sim$3.2 ($\sim$2 billion years after the Big Bang). Our results point to very early formation of massive galaxies requiring a high conversion rate of baryons to stars in the early Universe.
description: Published in Nature Scientific Reports
Assessment of climate change in the North-East region of Côte d‘Ivoire: Future precipitation, temperature, and meteorological drought using CMIP6 models
Creators: name: Kouman, Kouamé Donald
name: Akpoti, Komlavi
name: Kouadio, Boyossoro Hélène
name: Kabo-bah, Amos T.
name: Dembélé, Moctar
name: Siabi, Ebenezer K.
name: Mensah, Jacob Kofi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Climate change effects are expected to be profoundly local and region-specific, underlining the urgent need for local-level assessments. This study emphasizes the agriculturally important Zanzan region of northeastern Côte d’Ivoire and examines future changes in precipitation, temperature, and resultant drought conditions based on six global climate models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) under shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) scenarios - SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5. We integrate data from 12 stations within the Zanzan region, applying CMhyd software to correct model biases. Key statistical metrics confirm the well-calibrated nature of the corrected GCMs vis-à-vis observed data. Projections show a decrease in annual precipitation by an average of 133 mm and 177 mm under SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios respectively by 2100. Future precipitation patterns suggest a shift towards the prevalent dry season. Tmax and Tmin are projected to increase by +3 °C and +4.8 °C (SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5) and +3.3 °C (both scenarios) respectively, by the end of the century. These changes suggest an intensification of severe droughts, particularly in the 2050s and 2080s, as assessed by the SPEI. Additionally, extreme temperatures (TX90p) and consecutive dry days (CDD) are projected to intensify, posing imminent threats to food security, water resources, and public health in the Zanzan region. This study bridges a critical gap by offering localized insights into future climate scenarios, thereby enhancing our understanding of the region-specific impacts of climate change. The research also underscores the urgency of adaptation and mitigation strategies tailored to the Zanzan region’s vulnerabilities.
Radio/X-Ray Luminosity Relation for X-Ray Bright Galactic Nuclei: Implications on Weighing Supermassive Black Hole
Creators: name: Chang, Heon-Young
name: Choi, Chul-Sung
name: Yi, Insu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically thin and geometrically thick accretion flows are known to be responsible for the observed radio/X-ray luminosity relation of the X-ray bright galactic nuclei. It has also been suggested that supermassive black hole masses can be estimated from measurements of the core radio luminosity and the X-ray luminosity by using the advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) model. In this study we increase the number of data available by compiling the radio/X-ray fluxes and the mass in published literatures, and compare the observed ratio of the luminosities with predictions from various models of optically thin accretion flows. Semi-analytically derived relations of the luminosities are presented in cases of the standard ADAF model and modified ADAF models, in which a truncation of inner parts of the flows and winds causing a reduction of the infalling matter are included. We show that the observed relation can be used indeed to estimate the supermassive black hole mass, provided that properties of such accretion flows are known. Having investigated sensitivities of the method on modifications of the 'standard' ADAF model, we find that a general trend of model predictions from the 'standard' ADAF, the truncated ADAF and the 'windy' ADAF are somewhat indistinguishable. We also find, however, that the extreme case of the windy model is inconsistent with currently available observational data, unless microphysics parameters are to be substantially changed. High resolution radio observations, however, are required to avoid the contamination of non-disk components, such as, a jet component, which, otherwise, results in the over-estimated SMBH mass.
description: 22 pages, 3 eps figures, accepted to AJ
Autonomie des élèves en physique : étude quantitative des points de vue des enseignants libanais
Creators: name: EL HAJJAR, DARINE
name: EL HAGE, SUZANE
name: BOILEVIN, JEAN-MARIE
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: Didactic autonomy, physics teachers, quantitative study, Lebanon, high school

description: This article presents the results of a survey by questionnaire on the points of view of 217 Lebanese teachers of physics concerning the autonomy of their scientific third year students in public high schools. The theoretical framework is based on several domains of autonomy while distinguishing transdisciplinary pedagogical autonomy from disciplinary didactic autonomy. According to the teachers questioned, half the students in the class are psycho-affective autonomous, while less than a third are methodological autonomous. What's more, less than 25% of the students in the class qualified as autonomous by their teachers, were able to either acquire or mobilize certain knowledge.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Education, Vol. 3, N. 2 (2023) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée 8, Tunisia
Stable maps and Quot schemes
Creators: name: Popa, Mihnea
name: Roth, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H60; 14N35

description: In this paper we study the relationship between two different compactifications of the space of vector bundle quotients of an arbitrary vector bundle on a curve. One is Grothendieck's Quot scheme, while the other is a moduli space of stable maps to the relative Grassmannian. We establish an essentially optimal upper bound on the dimension of the two compactifications. Based on that, we prove that for an arbitrary vector bundle, the Quot schemes of quotients of large degree are irreducible and generically smooth. We precisely describe all the vector bundles for which the same thing holds in the case of the moduli spaces of stable maps. We show that there are in general no natural morphisms between the two compactifications. Finally, as an application, we obtain new cases of a conjecture on effective base point freeness for pluritheta linear series on moduli spaces of vector bundles.
description: 39 pages, 1 figure; final version with a few expository changes suggested by the referee
Monoidal Width
Creators: name: Di Lavore, Elena
name: Sobociński, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce monoidal width as a measure of complexity for morphisms in monoidal categories. Inspired by well-known structural width measures for graphs, like tree width and rank width, monoidal width is based on a notion of syntactic decomposition: a monoidal decomposition of a morphism is an expression in the language of monoidal categories, where operations are monoidal products and compositions, that specifies this morphism. Monoidal width penalises the composition operation along ``big'' objects, while it encourages the use of monoidal products. We show that, by choosing the correct categorical algebra for decomposing graphs, we can capture tree width and rank width. For matrices, monoidal width is related to the rank. These examples suggest monoidal width as a good measure for structural complexity of processes modelled as morphisms in monoidal categories.
Les logiques pratiques des éducateurs spécialisés à propos du Trouble du Spectre de l’Autisme
Creators: name: SAAIDIA, SALEM
name: EL MEDDAH, FATEN
Publisher: name: Mediterranean Journal of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: Autism Spectrum Disorder, social representation, declared practices, specialized educator

description: This article aims to determine the social representation of special educators regarding Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and its impact on their declared practices. Based on the theory of social representations, we interviewed 53 Tunisian special educators who work with people with this disorder, using a questionnaire. The results show that special educators' social representations of ASD are pathological. The relationship between this social representation and the declared practices of special educators is mediated by two practical logics: individualization and normalization.
description: Mediterranean Journal of Education, Vol. 3, N. 2 (2023) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée 8, Tunisia
Spectral sequences of Type Ia supernovae. II. Carbon as a diagnostic tool for explosion mechanisms
Creators: name: Heringer, E.
name: van Kerkwijk, M. H.
name: Sim, S. A.
name: Kerzendorf, W. E.
name: Graham, Melissa L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How an otherwise inert carbon-oxygen white dwarf can be made to explode as a Type Ia supernova remains unknown. A promising test of theoretical models is to constrain the distribution of material that is left unburned, in particular of carbon. So far, most investigations used line identification codes to detect carbon in the ejecta, a method that cannot be readily compared against model predictions because it requires assumed opacities and temperatures. Here, we instead use tomographic techniques to investigate the amount of carbon in the inner layers of SN~2011fe, starting from the previously published tomographic analysis of Mazzali et al. From the presence of the carbon feature in the optical at early epochs and its disappearance later on, we derive an average carbon mass fraction between 0.001 and 0.05 for velocities in the range $13500 \lesssim v \lesssim 16000\ \rm{km\ s^{-1}}$, and an upper limit of 0.005 inside that region. Based on our models and the assumed density profile, only small amounts of carbon should be in the neutral state, too little to be responsible for features seen in near-infrared spectra that were previously identified as due to neutral carbon; We discuss possible reasons for this discrepancy. We compare our results against a suite of explosion models, although uncertainties in both the models and our simulations make it difficult to draw definitive conclusions.
Hypergraphs with Polynomial Representation: Introducing $r$-splits
Creators: name: Pitois, François
name: Haddad, Mohammed
name: Seba, Hamida
name: Togni, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Inspired by the split decomposition of graphs and rank-width, we introduce the notion of $r$-splits. We focus on the family of $r$-splits of a graph of order $n$, and we prove that it forms a hypergraph with several properties. We prove that such hypergraphs can be represented using only $\mathcal O(n^{r+1})$ of its hyperedges, despite its potentially exponential number of hyperedges. We also prove that there exist hypergraphs that need at least $Ω(n^r)$ hyperedges to be represented, using a generalization of set orthogonality.