Thyrocopa usitata Butler
Creators: name: Medeiros, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Oecophoridae
Thyrocopa
Thyrocopa usitata

description: 29. Thyrocopa usitata (Butler)
(Figs. 47, 91)
Depressaria usitata Butler, 1881: 396.
Lectotype: UNITED STATES: HAWAII: Oahu: Near Honolulu (81.7/69, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 5 (5) 7, 1881: 396): 1 Ƥ (slide 3900 BMNH), Blackburn (BMNH), designated by Zimmerman, 1978: 956, fig. 666 (as “ holotype ”). Paralectotype: UNITED STATES: HAWAII: Oahu: Near Honolulu (81.7/69, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 5 (5) 7, 1881: 396): 1 Ƥ (abdomen missing), Blackburn (BMNH).
Thyrocopa usitata (Butler), Meyrick, 1883a: 33, “but error in identification; see abusa Walsingham, 1907b: 504, 733, plate 14, fig. 28” (Zimmerman 1978: 991).
Thyrocopa usitata (Butler); Zimmerman, 1978: 991, figs. 666, 694.
Thyrocopa criminosa Meyrick, 1915a: 372; Zimmerman 1978: 985, figs. 655, 671. NEW SYNONYMY. Lectotype: UNITED STATES: HAWAII: Oahu: 1 3 (slide 9552 Clarke in BMNH), 1908, Perkins (BMNH), designated by Zimmerman, 1978: figs. 655, 671.
Paralectotypes: HAWAII: Oahu: 3 3, 1Ƥ, 1908–1910, Perkins (BMNH).
Thyrocopa criminosa Meyrick; Zimmerman, 1978: 985, figs. 655, 671. NEW SYNONYMY.
Thyrocopa librodes Meyrick, 1915a: 370.
Lectotype: UNITED STATES: HAWAII: Kauai: 1 Ƥ (slide 9555 Clarke, BMNH), 1900, Palmer (BMNH), designated by Zimmerman, 1978: figs. 660, 689 (as “ holotype ”).
Thyrocopa librodes Meyrick; Zimmerman, 1978: 988, figs. 660, 689. NEW SYNONYMY.
Thyrocopa sucosa Meyrick, 1915a: 371.
Lectotype: UNITED STATES: HAWAII: Oahu: Koolau Mts.: 1 3 (slide 9553 Clarke, BMNH), 1908, Perkins (BMNH), designated by Zimmerman, 1978: figs. 665, 673 (as “ holotype ”).
Thyrocopa sucosa Meyrick; Zimmerman, 1978: 990, figs. 665, 673. NEW SYNONYMY.
Diagnosis: Thyrocopa usitata lacks the dorsal median ridge on the uncus of T. abusa; the antennal cilia surround the flagellomere of the male in contrast to only on the ventral side in T. albonubila, T. elikapekae, T. kokeensis, T. seminatella, T. spilobathra, and T. peleana; the uncus is more deeply cleft apically than in T. epicapna, T. indecora, or T. kikaelekea; and T. usitata has a much darker forewing ground color than T. alterna.
Description: Head: Scales brown with apex often lighter. Antenna ca. 0.7–0.8x forewing length; very dense, very short, piliform cilia surround male flagellomere; female flagellomere with less dense, slightly longer, piliform cilia on ventral side. Labial palpus variable in color, ranging from brown to mottled brown and very light brown; third segment usually less mottled and darker in color; third segment ca. 0.8x length of second. Thorax: Brown. Forewing 7–11 mm; ground color brown; pattern variable; discal area sometimes clouded with poorly defined blackish spots in cell; sometimes with curving poorly defined whitish band through terminal area; sometimes with evenly spaced spots on distal half of costa and along termen at vein endings. Hingwing light brown, area near anal margin sometimes darker brown, fringe light brown. Abdomen: Whitish-brown to brown. Male genitalia (Fig. 91) with apex of uncus deeply cleft; sacculus short, tapered to sharp apex. Female genitalia with signum long.
Food plants: A larva collected from rotting bark of Acacia koa on 5 Aug 1984 emerged on 3 Sep 1984.
Flight period: Year-round.
Distribution: Kauai, Oahu, Hawaii Island (possibly extinct).
Remarks: Very similar to T. subahenea, but occurs on Kauai and Oahu (and possibly Hawaii Island). Due to the particularly drab appearance of some specimens, this species may at first glance be mistaken for a rubbed T. indecora. However, although the male sacculus is similar to T. indecora, the male uncus is distinctive.
Additional material examined: no locality label: 1 Ƥ, T. Blackburn (BPBM). UNITED STATES: HAWAII: Kauai: 3400’ [1036 m], Kokee St. Park, Halemanu: 1 Ƥ, 3 Oct 1973, K. E. Sattler (BMNH); 3800’ [1158 m], Kokee St. Park, Nualolo Trail: 1 Ƥ, 30 Sep 1973, K. & E. Sattler (BMNH); 4000’ [1219 m], Kokee St. Park, Kahuamaa Flat: 1 3, 13 Jun 1982, K. & E. Sattler (BMNH); 4000’ [1219 m], Kokee St. Park, Kaunuohua Ridge: 1 Ƥ, 6 Sep 1973, K. & E. Sattler (BMNH); Alakai Swamp, Pihea: 1 3 (slide MJM31), 28 Nov 1975, E. Perry (BPBM); Kaholuamanu: 1 3 (slide MJM19), 1 Ƥ, Apr 1920, J.A. Kusche (BPBM); Kaholuamanu 4000’ [1219 m]: 2 3, 1 Ƥ, Apr 1895, Perkins (BMNH); Kaholuamanu 4000’ [1219 m]: 3 Ƥ (slide 15), Apr 1895, Perkins (BPBM); Kokee: 2 Ƥ (slide 51), Jan–Mar 1919, J.A. Kusche (BPBM); Kokee: 1 3, 1 Ƥ, Oct 1926, E.J.K. Rice (BPBM); Kokee: 1 Ƥ, 10–20 Aug 1959, J.W. Beardsley (BPBM); Kokee: 1 Ƥ, 15 Jun 1982, J.C.E. Riotte (BPBM); Kokee St. Park: 1 3, 6 Jul 1986, Chemsak & Katsura (EMEC); Kokee St. Park, Honopu Trailhead: 1 3 (slide 08A00), 23 Jul 2008, M.J. Medeiros (BPBM); Kokee St. Park, Kaluapuhi Tr.: 1 3 (slide 07A61), 1 Ƥ (slide 07A68), 24–25 May 2007, 1 3 (slide 07B56), 9 Oct 2007, 1 3, 28 July 2008, M.J. Medeiros (BPBM); Kokee St. Park, nr. Alakai Jct.: 3 3, 11 Oct 2007, M.J. Medeiros (BPBM); Kokee St. Park, Nu’alolo Tr.: 3 3 (slide 07B43), 2 Ƥ (slide 07B34), 7–10 Oct 2007, M.J. Medeiros (BPBM); Kokee St. Park, Pihea Tr.: 2 3 (slides 07A89 & 07B47), 27 May–8 Dec 2007, M.J. Medeiros (BPBM); Mtns. 3000–4000’ [914–1219 m]: 2 Ƥ, May–June 1894, Perkins (BMNH); Na Pali-Kona FR, Alakai Swamp @ Junct. Pihea Trail, 1200 m: 3 3 (slide LA49), 1 Ƥ, 18 Aug 2006, D. Rubinoff & J. Eiben (UHIM); Waialeale: 1 Ƥ, 5 Mar 1929, J.A. Kusche (BPBM). Oahu: 2500’ [762 m], Waianae Range, Gulch NE of Puu Kanehoa: 1 3, 10 Oct 1976, K. & E. Sattler (BMNH); Ko’olau Mtns., Konahuinui Tr., above 2500’ [762 m]: 2 3 (slide LA43), 1 Jun 2006, W. Haines (UHIM); Ko’olau Mtns., Wiliwilinui Trail: 1 3 (slide LA37), 6 Jun 2006, J. Eiben & W. Haines (UHIM); Mount Tantalus,,800–2,000’ [610 m], ex. rotting bark of Acacia koa 3 Sep 1884: 1 3 (slide MJM49), 5 Aug 1984, W.D. Perreira (BPBM); Near head of Kawailoa Gulch: 1 Ƥ, Apr 1893, Perkins (BMNH); NW Koolau Range: 5 3 (slide 31570 BMNH) (one abdomen missing), 1 Ƥ, Jul 1901, Perkins (BMNH); Round Top, ex. Lantana (?): 1 Ƥ (slide USNM 86558), 13 Jun 1908, no collector information (originally identified as abusa); Round Top: 1 3 (slide 86551 USNM), 13 Jun 1908, no collector information (this specimen appears to be the source of the drawing and misidentification of abusa in Zimmerman (1978, pg. 957, fig. 667) (USMN); SE Koolau Range: 1 Ƥ, 2 Ƥ (slide 31583 BMNH) (one abdomen missing), July 1900, Perkins (BMNH); Waianae Mts, 915 m, Ohikilolo Ridge: 1 3 (slide MJM26), 2 Ƥ, 21 May 1976 (BPBM); Waianae Mts., Mokulela For. Res., Pahole Gulch, 550 m: 2 3, 1 Jan 1974, F.G. Howarth & S.L. Montgomery (BPBM); Waianae Range above Makua Valley, 2200’ [671 m]: 1 3, 1Ƥ (fig. 47) (slide 31571 BMNH), 11 Sep 1976, K. & E. Sattler (BMNH). Hawaii Island: Mt. Kilauea: 2 3, Aug 1896, Perkins (BMNH); Mt. Kilauea: 1 Ƥ (abdomen missing), Aug 1896, Perkins (BPBM).
description: Published as part of Medeiros, Matthew J., 2009, A revision of the endemic Hawaiian genus Thyrocopa (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae: Xyloryctinae), pp. 1-47 in Zootaxa 2202 on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275119