cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Small values and forbidden values for the Fourier antidiagonal constant of a finite group
Creators: name: Choi, Yemon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C15 (primary), 20D99, 43A30 (secondary)

description: For a finite group $G$, let ${\rm AD}(G)$ denote the Fourier norm of the antidiagonal in $G\times G$. It was shown recently by the author (IMRN, 2023) that ${\rm AD}(G)$ coincides with the amenability constant of the Fourier algebra of $G$, and is equal to the normalized sum of the cubes of character degrees of $G$. Motivated by a gap result for amenability constants due to Johnson (JLMS, 1994), we determine exactly which numbers in the interval $[1,2]$ arise as values of ${\rm AD}(G)$.
 As a by-product, we show that the set of values of ${\rm AD}(G)$ does not contain all its limit points. Some other calculations or bounds for ${\rm AD}(G)$ are given for familiar classes of finite groups. We also indicate a connection between ${\rm AD}(G)$ and the commuting probability of $G$, and use this to show that every finite group $G$ satisfying ${\rm AD}(G)< \frac{61}{15}$ must be solvable; here the value $\frac{61}{15}$ is best possible.
description: v4: AMS-LaTeX, 10pt mathpazo fonts; 18 pages. Various corrections and improvements, incorporating feedback from a referee; the main results are unchanged. Accepted for publication in J. Austral. Math. Soc
Exploring the Impact Factors on the Frequency of Applications for Zoning Amendment in the City of New York
Creators: Cai, Tiancheng
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: City planning
subject: Regional planning
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The socio-economic impact of zoning and its amendments have long been core planning issue while there is few research about the zoning amendment behavior itself. This study aims to real the impact factors on the frequency of zoning amendment applications under Uniform Land Use Review Procedure in New York City. Based on the zoning records from year 1976 to 2012 and census data, using Poisson Regression and Negative Binomial Regression model to compare the 59 community districts, it discovers that the larger area, the higher income level, the larger proportion of non-Hispanic white population and the lower owner-occupied rate a community has, the more frequency of applications it will see.
Jacobi vector fields of integrable geodesic flows
Creators: name: Matveev, V. S.
name: Topalov, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58F05, 58F07, 53B21

description: We show that an invariant surface allows to construct the Jacobi vector field along a geodesic and construct the formula for the normal component of the Jacobi field. If a geodesic is the transversal intersection of two invariant surfaces (such situation we have, for example, if the geodesic is hyperbolic), then we can construct a fundamental solution of the the Jacobi-Hill equation. This is done for quadratically integrable geodesic flows.
description: 15 pages, latex2e, 2 Postscript figures included
Quantum Theory of Triboelectricity
Creators: name: Alicki, Robert
name: Jenkins, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a microphysical theory of the triboelectric effect by which mechanical rubbing separates charges across the interface between two materials. Surface electrons are treated as an open system coupled to two baths, corresponding to the bulks. Extending Zel'dovich's theory of bosonic superradiance, we show that motion-induced population inversion can generate an electromotive force. We argue that this is consistent with the basic phenomenology of triboelectrification and triboluminescence as irreversible processes, and we suggest how to carry out more precise experimental tests.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures + supplemental material (2 pages, 1 figure). v5: replaced to match published version (minor changes of form)
title: Polytrichum juniperinum
title: Wacholder-Widertonmoos (Polytrichum juniperinum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Braunfilziges Haarmützenmoos
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 4 Bilder des Wacholder-Widertonmooses.
Cyanus uysalii Negaresh 2020
Creators: name: Negaresh, Kazem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Calliphoridae
Cyanus
Cyanus uysalii

description: 19. Cyanus uysalii (Şirin & Çeçen) Negaresh (2020: 245).
 Centaurea uysalii Şirin & Çeçen (2019: 810). Type:— TURKEY. C4 Karaman: Çakırdağı, between Kavurgalık hill and Pelitli stream, rocky area, 1270–1390 m, 37° 23′ 11″ N, 33° 29′ 26″ E, 1 May 2018, Şirin & Çeçen 733 (holotype KNYA!, isotype ANK).
 Distribution: — Cyanus uysalii is a very rare endemic of Karaman Province, S Turkey. It is only known from the type locality in Çakırdağı (Fig. 10).
description: Published as part of Negaresh, Kazem, 2022, A checklist of the genus Cyanus (Asteraceae, Cardueae) in Turkey, with notes on taxonomy and distribution, pp. 18-40 in Phytotaxa 531 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5843470
Figure S5 Ancestral Character Estimates Austronesian from A worldwide view of matriliny: using cross-cultural analyses to shed light on human kinship systems
Creators: name: Surowiec, Alexandra
name: Snyder, Kate T.
name: Creanza, Nicole
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: Computational Biology

description: Although matriliny and matrilocality are relatively rare in contemporary human populations, these female-based descent and residence systems are present in different cultural contexts and across the globe. Previous research has generated numerous hypotheses about which cultural traits are associated with the stability or loss of matrilineal descent. In addition, several studies have examined matrilineal descent with phylogenetic analyses; however, the use of language phylogenies has restricted these analyses to comparisons within a single language family, often confined to a single continent. Cross-cultural comparisons are particularly informative when they account for the relationships between widely distributed populations, as opposed to treating each population as an independent sample or focusing on a single region. Here, we study the evolution of descent systems on a worldwide scale. First, we test for significant associations between matriliny and numerous cultural traits that have been theoretically associated with its stability or loss, such as subsistence strategy, animal domestication, mating system, residence pattern, wealth transfer and property succession. In addition, by combining genetic and linguistic information to build a global supertree that includes 16 matrilineal populations, we also perform phylogenetically controlled analyses to assess the patterns of correlated evolution between descent and other traits: for example, does a change in subsistence strategy generally predict a shift in the rules of descent, or do these transitions happen independently? These analyses enable a worldwide perspective on the pattern and process of the evolution of matriliny and matrilocality.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The evolution of female-biased kinship in humans and other mammals’.
Frustration Elimination and Excited State Search in Coherent Ising Machines
Creators: name: Zhou, Zheng-Yang
name: Gneiting, Clemens
name: You, J. Q.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frustration, that is, the impossibility of satisfying the energetic preferences between all spin pairs simultaneously, underlies the complexity of many fundamental properties in spin systems, including the computational difficulty in determining their ground states. Coherent Ising machines (CIMs) have been proposed as a promising analog computational approach to efficiently find different degenerate ground states of large and complex Ising models. However, CIMs also face challenges in solving frustrated Ising models: frustration not only reduces the probability of finding good solutions, but it also prohibits the leveraging quantum effects in doing so. To circumvent these detrimental effects of frustration, we show how frustrated Ising models can be mapped to frustration-free CIM configurations by including ancillary modes and modifying the coupling protocol used in current CIM designs. Such frustration elimination may empower current CIMs to benefit from quantum effects in dealing with frustrated Ising models. In addition, these ancillary modes can also enable error detection and searching for excited states.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Routine surveillance of asymptomatic healthcare personnel for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2): Not a prevention strategy
Creators: name: Weber, D.J.
name: Shenoy, E.S.
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2021

description: "As capacity for severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnostics has expanded, both with assay types (nucleic acid amplification tests, NAATs, antigen tests, and serology) and specimen collection options (nasopharyngeal, NP; oropharyngeal, OP; saliva; mid-turbinate, MT; anterior nares, AN), interest in the use of routine, serial screening of asymptomatic individuals in a variety of settings has expanded. Notably, the use of asymptomatic surveillance in higher education and professional and nonprofessional athletics has become commonplace, but transmission in these settings has also been linked to lapses in implementation of basic infection prevention practices such as masking and physical distancing. Given the considerable interest in asymptomatic surveillance in areas outside of healthcare, the question of the utility of routine screening among healthcare 
personnel (HCP) in acute-care facilities has been raised. In this focused review, we describe the reported risk of acquisition of infection after HCP exposures to occultly infected patients,
the risk acquisition of infection by patients exposed to occultly infected HCP, and the prevalence of asymptomatic infection among HCP in settings where screening has been implemented. We also assess the potential role or routine surveillance of asymptomatic HCP to reduce the risk of nosocomial transmission from HCP-to-HCP and HCP-to-patient. We report on the early experience of acute-care facilities that have offered screening of asymptomatic HCP outside confirmed exposures, and we conclude with considerations for facilities considering offering screening, either “on demand” or as part of routine surveillance."
Symplectic fillings of asymptotically dynamically convex manifolds I
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhengyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider exact fillings with vanishing first Chern class of asymptotically dynamically convex (ADC) manifolds. We construct two structure maps on the positive symplectic cohomology and prove that they are independent of the filling for ADC manifolds. The invariance of the structure maps implies that the vanishing of symplectic cohomology and the existence of symplectic dilations are properties independent of the filling for ADC manifolds. Using them, various topological applications on symplectic fillings are obtained, including the uniqueness of diffeomorphism types of fillings for many contact manifolds. We use the structure maps to define the first symplectic obstructions to Weinstein fillability. In particular, we show that for all dimension $4k+3, k\ge 1$, there exist infinitely many contact manifolds that are exactly fillable, almost Weinstein fillable but not Weinstein fillable. The invariance of the structure maps generalizes to strong fillings with vanishing first Chern class. We show that any strong filling with vanishing first Chern class of a class of manifolds, including $(S^{2n-1},ξ_{std}), \partial(T^*L \times \mathbb{C}^n)$ with $L$ simply connected, must be exact and have unique diffeomorphism type. As an application of the proof, we show that the existence of symplectic dilation implies uniruledness. In particular any affine exotic $\mathbb{C}^n$ with non-negative log Kodaira dimension is a symplectic exotic $\mathbb{C}^{n}$.
description: 69 pages. Revised version, accepted by Journal of Topology
Exploring the Impact of the Implementation of Reality Pedagogy: Self-efficacy, Social Capital, and Distributed Cognition
Creators: Taher, Tanzina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Science--Study and teaching

description: As our current society becomes more and more dependent on science and technology, it calls for our students to be more science-oriented and involved in science. However, as statistics show, our urban students are not as engaged in science classes, resulting in poor performance in science. With this fact in mind, this study explores a recently developed pedagogic approach called reality pedagogy. In this qualitative ethnographic case study, the yearlong experience of six urban students enrolled in a science class of an urban public secondary school where the pedagogic tools of reality pedagogy were being implemented is examined. The study examines reality pedagogy via the lens of self-efficacy, social capital, and distributed cognition frames in order to understand the contribution the tools of reality pedagogy offer. Participants in this study included immigrant and non-immigrant urban science students as well as students with learning disabilities (LD) and students with no learning disabilities (NLD). Findings of this study revealed that participating in reality pedagogy facilitated the development of self-efficacy in science of three of the four students, where one was an LD student and two were NLD students. The experiences of all four of these students are discussed in detail. The study also revealed that the two immigrant participants of reality pedagogy were positively impacted, in that both students' shared social capital was positively impacted and the frame of distributed cognition played a role in their science classroom participation.
Collective excitations and low-energy ionization signatures of relativistic particles in silicon detectors
Creators: name: Essig, Rouven
name: Plestid, Ryan
name: Singal, Aman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid-state detectors with a low energy threshold have several applications, including searches of non-relativistic halo dark-matter particles with sub-GeV masses. When searching for relativistic, beyond-the-Standard-Model particles with enhanced cross sections for small energy transfers, a small detector with a low energy threshold may have better sensitivity than a larger detector with a higher energy threshold. In this paper, we calculate the low-energy ionization spectrum from high-velocity particles scattering in a dielectric material. We consider the full material response including the excitation of bulk plasmons. We generalize the energy-loss function to relativistic kinematics, and benchmark existing tools used for halo dark-matter scattering against electron energy-loss spectroscopy data. Compared to calculations commonly used in the literature, such as the Photo-Absorption-Ionization model or the free-electron model, including collective effects shifts the recoil ionization spectrum towards higher energies, typically peaking around 4--6 electron-hole pairs. We apply our results to the three benchmark examples: millicharged particles produced in a beam, neutrinos with a magnetic dipole moment produced in a reactor, and upscattered dark-matter particles. Our results show that the proper inclusion of collective effects typically enhances a detector's sensitivity to these particles, since detector backgrounds, such as dark counts, peak at lower energies.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures including appendices and references. Error corrected in Eqs. (1, 2, 3). Numerical shift in cross section but qualitative results unchanged
Beta-adrenergic receptor blockers and liver cancer mortality in a national cohort of hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Creators: name: Udumyan, Ruzan
name: Montgomery, Scott
name: Duberg, Ann-Sofi
name: Fang, Fang
name: Valdimarsdottir, Unnur
name: Ekbom, Anders
name: Smedby, Karin E.
name: Fall, Katja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: β-adrenergic signaling has been implicated in the pathology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the evidence from clinical studies is limited. In this national population-based cohort study, we investigated the possible association of β-adrenergic receptor blockers and cancer-specific mortality among patients with primary HCC diagnosed in Sweden between 2006 and 2014. Methods: Patients were identified from the Swedish Cancer Register (n = 2104) and followed until 31 December 2015. We used Cox regression to evaluate the association of β-blockers dispensed within 90 days prior to cancer diagnosis, ascertained from the national Prescribed Drug Register, with liver cancer mortality identified from the Cause of Death Register, while controlling for socio-demographic factors, tumor characteristics, comorbidity, other medications and treatment procedures. Results: Over a median follow-up of 9.9 months, 1601 patients died (of whom 1309 from liver cancer). Compared with non-use, β-blocker use at cancer diagnosis [n = 714 (predominantly prevalent use, 93%)] was associated with lower liver cancer mortality [0.82 (0.72–0.94); p = .005]. Statistically significant associations were observed for non-selective [0.71 (0.55–0.91); p = .006], β1-receptor selective [0.86 [0.75–1.00); p = .049] and lipophilic [0.78 (0.67–0.90); p = .001] β-blockers. No association was observed for hydrophilic β-blockers [1.01 (0.80–1.28); p = .906] or other antihypertensive medications. Further analysis suggested that the observed lower liver cancer mortality rate was limited to patients with localized disease at diagnosis [0.82 (0.67–1.01); p = .062]. Conclusion: β-blocker use was associated with lower liver cancer mortality rate in this national cohort of patients with HCC. A higher-magnitude inverse association was observed in relation to non-selective β-blocker use.
Uncertain dynamical systems defined by pseudomeasures
Creators: name: Hamm, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper deals with uncertain dynamical systems in which predictions about the future state of a system are assessed by so called pseudomeasures. Two special cases are stochastic dynamical systems, where the pseudomeasure is the conventional probability measure, and fuzzy dynamical systems in which the pseudomeasure is a so called possibility measure. New results about possibilistic systems and their relation to deterministic and to stochastic systems are derived by using idempotent pseudolinear algebra. By expressing large deviation estimates for stochastic perturbations in terms of possibility measures, we obtain a new interpretation of the Freidlin-Wentzell quasipotentials for stochastic perturbations of dynamical systems as invariant possibility densities.
description: 43 pages, LaTeX 2.09, minor changes to mirror version to appear in J.Math.Phys., June/July 1997
Cross-reactive coronavirus antibodies with diverse epitope specificities and Fc effector functions
Creators: name: Graham, Barney S.
name: Nargi, Rachel S.
name: Wang, Nianshuang
name: Parks, Robert
name: Suryadevara, Naveenchandra
name: Shiakolas, Andrea R.
name: Schäfer, Alexandra
name: Janowska, Katarzyna
name: Crowe Jr., James E.
name: Holt, Clinton M.
name: Ledgerwood, Julie E.
name: Kramer, Kevin J.
name: Chen, Rita E.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Martinez, David R.
name: Venkat, Rohit
name: Wall, Steven
name: Diamond, Michael S.
name: Acharya, Priyamvada
name: McLellan, Jason S.
name: Sutton, Rachel E.
name: Raju, Nagarajan
name: Pilewski, Kelsey A.
name: Carnahan, Robert H.
name: Haynes, Barton F.
name: Manamela, Nelia P.
name: Morris, Lynn
name: Wrapp, Daniel
name: Richardson, Simone I.
name: Georgiev, Ivelin S.
name: Friedman Fechter, Emilee
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2021

description: The continual emergence of novel coronavirus (CoV) strains, like SARS-CoV-2, highlights the critical need for broadly reactive therapeutics and vaccines against this family of viruses. From a recovered SARS-CoV donor sample, we identify and characterize a panel of six monoclonal antibodies that cross-react with CoV spike (S) proteins from the highly pathogenic SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, and demonstrate a spectrum of reactivity against other CoV. Epitope mapping reveals that these antibodies recognize multiple epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 S, including the receptor binding domain, N-terminal domain, and S2 subunit. Functional characterization demonstrates that the antibodies mediate phagocytosis - and in some cases trogocytosis - but not neutralization in vitro. When tested in vivo in murine models, two of the antibodies demonstrate a reduction in hemorrhagic pathology in the lungs. The identification of cross-reactive epitopes recognized by functional antibodies expands the repertoire of targets for pan-coronavirus vaccine design strategies.
title: Ceratodon purpureus
title: Purpurmoos (Ceratodon purpureus)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Hornzahnmoos
subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 6 Bilder des Purpurmooses.
The Lanczos Algorithm for extensive Many-Body Systems in the Thermodynamic Limit
Creators: name: Witte, N. S.
name: Bessis, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C22 (Primary), 05E35, 58F19, 44A60 (Secondary)

description: We establish rigourously the scaling properties of the Lanczos process applied to an arbitrary extensive Many-Body System which is carried to convergence n to infinity and the thermodynamic limit N to infinity taken. In this limit the solution for the limiting Lanczos coefficients are found exactly and generally through two equivalent sets of equations, given initial knowledge of the exact cumulant generating function. The measure and the Orthogonal Polynomial System associated with the Lanczos process in this regime are also given explicitly. Some important representations of these Lanczos functions are given, including Taylor series expansions, and theorems controlling their general properties are proven.
description: 25 pages Latex2e with amsmath
Cyanus woronowii Sojak 1972
Creators: name: Negaresh, Kazem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Calliphoridae
Cyanus
Cyanus woronowii

description: 20. Cyanus woronowii (Bornm. ex Sosn.) Soják (1972: 132).
 Centaurea triumfettii var. pleiocephala Bornmüller (1914: 6). Centaurea woronowii Bornmüller ex Sosnovsky (1926: 91). Type:— TURKEY. A8 Çoruh: distr. Artvin, in detritibus lapidosis inter Artvin et Ardanuč (loc. Tskal-Okro), 9 July 1911, Woronow 6187 (B 10 0366313!).
 Distribution: — Cyanus woronowii is a rare endemic of Artvin Province, NE Turkey (Fig. 10).
 Selected specimens examined:— TURKEY. A8 Çoruh (Artvin): Artvin, stony slopes, 700 m, 28 April 1960, Stainton 8278 (E!); 20 km S of Artvin, 730 m, Huber-Morath 15880 (Hb. Hub. - Mor.!); 7 km E of Ardanuç, 1500 m, Watson et al. 3102 (E!).
description: Published as part of Negaresh, Kazem, 2022, A checklist of the genus Cyanus (Asteraceae, Cardueae) in Turkey, with notes on taxonomy and distribution, pp. 18-40 in Phytotaxa 531 (1) on pages 35-36, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.531.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5843470
Universality of reservoir systems with recurrent neural networks
Creators: name: Yasumoto, Hiroki
name: Tanaka, Toshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Approximation capability of reservoir systems whose reservoir is a recurrent neural network (RNN) is discussed. We show what we call uniform strong universality of RNN reservoir systems for a certain class of dynamical systems. This means that, given an approximation error to be achieved, one can construct an RNN reservoir system that approximates each target dynamical system in the class just via adjusting its linear readout. To show the universality, we construct an RNN reservoir system via parallel concatenation that has an upper bound of approximation error independent of each target in the class.
Differential Geometry of Quantum States, Observables and Evolution
Creators: name: Ciaglia, Florio M.
name: Ibort, Alberto
name: Marmo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geometrical description of Quantum Mechanics is reviewed and proposed as an alternative picture to the standard ones. The basic notions of observables, states, evolution and composition of systems are analised from this perspective, the relevant geometrical structures and their associated algebraic properties are highlighted, and the Qubit example is thoroughly discussed.
description: 20 pages, comments are welcome!
Surowiec Snyder Creanza Supplemental text from A worldwide view of matriliny: using cross-cultural analyses to shed light on human kinship systems
Creators: name: Surowiec, Alexandra
name: Snyder, Kate T.
name: Creanza, Nicole
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: Computational Biology

description: Although matriliny and matrilocality are relatively rare in contemporary human populations, these female-based descent and residence systems are present in different cultural contexts and across the globe. Previous research has generated numerous hypotheses about which cultural traits are associated with the stability or loss of matrilineal descent. In addition, several studies have examined matrilineal descent with phylogenetic analyses; however, the use of language phylogenies has restricted these analyses to comparisons within a single language family, often confined to a single continent. Cross-cultural comparisons are particularly informative when they account for the relationships between widely distributed populations, as opposed to treating each population as an independent sample or focusing on a single region. Here, we study the evolution of descent systems on a worldwide scale. First, we test for significant associations between matriliny and numerous cultural traits that have been theoretically associated with its stability or loss, such as subsistence strategy, animal domestication, mating system, residence pattern, wealth transfer and property succession. In addition, by combining genetic and linguistic information to build a global supertree that includes 16 matrilineal populations, we also perform phylogenetically controlled analyses to assess the patterns of correlated evolution between descent and other traits: for example, does a change in subsistence strategy generally predict a shift in the rules of descent, or do these transitions happen independently? These analyses enable a worldwide perspective on the pattern and process of the evolution of matriliny and matrilocality.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The evolution of female-biased kinship in humans and other mammals’.
title: Cynodontium polycarpum
title: Vielfrüchtiges Hundszahnmoos (Cynodontium polycarpum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 1 Bild des Vielfrüchtigen Hundszahnmooses.
title: Hedwigia ciliata
title: Hedwigsmoos (Hedwigia ciliata)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 1 Bild des Hedwigsmooses.
title: Mnium hornum
title: Schwanenhals-Sternmoos (Mnium hornum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 12 Bilder des Schwanenhals-Sternmooses.
title: Singaporean preschool teachers' perspectives and response towards advertisements in digital media for use with children
Creators: name: Gan, Jason H
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: digital media
subject: advertisements
subject: early childhood education

description: Synchronous digital media content is increasingly used by teachers in early years classrooms as teaching resources. A challenge for educators is the imposition and unpredictable nature of advertisements that appear alongside the online content. The informing literature confirms that educators see benefits and view some content in advertisements as being inappropriate for children. However, to date, there have been few studies that have investigated teachers' perceptions and responses towards advertisements in digital content. Through the lens of the theory of planned behaviour, this explorative, qualitative study will shed light on how five preschool teachers from Singapore perceive and respond to advertisements in their classroom. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and video elicitation which were conducted online. Findings reveal that participants were aware of advertisements and find some useful while others were considered inappropriate. Participants believe that stakeholders were also aware of advertisements. Despite lack of training, participants develop their own response to manage advertisements. This study concludes that teachers have strong intentions to respond to advertisements when needed but their behaviours were limited by the unpredictability of advertisements and their content, and their confidence in managing the situation. This study helps in understanding how teachers perceive and manage the imposition and unpredictable nature of advertisements and the implications in their classrooms.
Strain-derivative of thermoelectric properties: a sensitive probe for nematicity
Creators: name: Caglieris, Federico
name: Wuttke, Christoph
name: Hong, Xiaochen
name: Sykora, Steffen
name: Kappenberger, Rhea
name: Aswartham, Saicharan
name: Wurmehl, Sabine
name: Büchner, Bernd
name: Hess, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nematic instability of iron-based superconductors is an undebatable ingredient of the physics of iron-based superconductors. Yet, its origin remains enigmatic as it involves a fermiology with an intricate interplay of lattice-, orbital- and spin- degrees of freedom. It is well known that thermoelectric transport is an excellent probe for revealing even subtle signatures of instabilities and pertinent fluctuations. In this paper, we report a strong response of the thermoelectric transport properties of two underdoped 1111 iron-based superconductors to a vanishingly small strain. By introducing the strain-derivative of the Seebeck and the Nernst coefficients, we provide a novel description of the nematic order parameter, proving the existence of an anisotropic Peltier-tensor beside an anisotropic conductivity-tensor. Our measurements reveal that the transport nematic phenomenology is the result of the combined effect of both an anisotropic scattering time and Fermi surface distortions, pointing out that in a realistic description, abreast of the spin-fluctuations also the orbital character is a fundamental ingredient. In addition, we show that nematic fluctuations universally relax in a Curie-Weiss fashion above T_S in all the elasto-transport measurements and we provide evidences that nematicity must be band-selective.
title: Mnium affine
title: Verwandtes Sternmoos (Mnium affine)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 9 Bilder des Verwandten Sternmooses.
Quo Vadis: Hybrid Machine Learning Meta-Model based on Contextual and Behavioral Malware Representations
Creators: name: Trizna, Dmitrijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a hybrid machine learning architecture that simultaneously employs multiple deep learning models analyzing contextual and behavioral characteristics of Windows portable executable, producing a final prediction based on a decision from the meta-model. The detection heuristic in contemporary machine learning Windows malware classifiers is typically based on the static properties of the sample since dynamic analysis through virtualization is challenging for vast quantities of samples. To surpass this limitation, we employ a Windows kernel emulation that allows the acquisition of behavioral patterns across large corpora with minimal temporal and computational costs. We partner with a security vendor for a collection of more than 100k int-the-wild samples that resemble the contemporary threat landscape, containing raw PE files and filepaths of applications at the moment of execution. The acquired dataset is at least ten folds larger than reported in related works on behavioral malware analysis. Files in the training dataset are labeled by a professional threat intelligence team, utilizing manual and automated reverse engineering tools. We estimate the hybrid classifier's operational utility by collecting an out-of-sample test set three months later from the acquisition of the training set. We report an improved detection rate, above the capabilities of the current state-of-the-art model, especially under low false-positive requirements. Additionally, we uncover a meta-model's ability to identify malicious activity in validation and test sets even if none of the individual models express enough confidence to mark the sample as malevolent. We conclude that the meta-model can learn patterns typical to malicious samples from representation combinations produced by different analysis techniques. We publicly release pre-trained models and anonymized dataset of emulation reports.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
A new model of quantum chaotic billiards: Spectral Statistics and Wavefunctions in 2D
Creators: name: Cuevas, E.
name: Louis, E.
name: Verges, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum chaotic dynamics is obtained for a tight-binding model in which the energies of the atomic levels at the boundary sites are chosen at random. Results for the square lattice indicate that the energy spectrum shows a complex behavior with regions that obey the Wigner-Dyson statistics and localized and quasi-ideal states distributed according to Poisson statistics. Although the averaged spatial extension of the eigenstates in the present model scales with the size of the system as in the Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble, the fluctuations are much larger.
description: 4 twocolumnn pages in revtex style, 4 postscript figures, to be published in PRL, send comments to jav@boston.icmm.csic.es
Exploring the Impacts of Railway Station Accessibility on Property Value: A Case Study of Beijing
Creators: Li, Boying
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: City planning
Real property--Valuation
Local transit stations
Local transit stations--Planning
Land use, Urban

description: Living in the urban area or close to a transit hub is expensive in Beijing. Urban built environment could provide more high-quality amenities and more job opportunities; while public transit hub benefits people with better access to each part of the city. Therefore, this research selected five primary railway stations in Beijing to explore the railway station accessibility on property value. Since these five stations have a different built environment in the proximity, whether the urban environment has a relationship with the impacts of accessibility is uncertain. By using the hedonic model in quantitative analysis, this research could answer the questions. The primary findings are: (1) Within a certain radius, the railway stations have an overall positive impact of raising the property values. Generally, the impacts are maximum when the radius is 1.16 km. (2) Suburban and urban built environment play an important role in determining the impacts of railway station accessibility. If a property is in the suburb, it will be much cheaper because of the under-developed built environment. (3) More commercial activities and job opportunities in the railway station area could raise property values. From the aspect of urban planning, this research comes up with several strategies for station planning: (1) Promote mixed-use development and transit-oriented development in the suburban railway station project to increase mobility. (2) Create a transaction management platform to increase the supply of affordable housing in the station area. (3) Implement a feedback loop among stakeholders and introduce more investment to enhance local economic development.
Categorical composable cryptography: extended version
Creators: name: Broadbent, Anne
name: Karvonen, Martti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We formalize the simulation paradigm of cryptography in terms of category theory and show that protocols secure against abstract attacks form a symmetric monoidal category, thus giving an abstract model of composable security definitions in cryptography. Our model is able to incorporate computational security, set-up assumptions and various attack models such as colluding or independently acting subsets of adversaries in a modular, flexible fashion. We conclude by using string diagrams to rederive the security of the one-time pad, correctness of Diffie-Hellman key exchange and no-go results concerning the limits of bipartite and tripartite cryptography, ruling out e.g., composable commitments and broadcasting. On the way, we exhibit two categorical constructions of resource theories that might be of independent interest: one capturing resources shared among multiple parties and one capturing resource conversions that succeed asymptotically.
 This is a corrected version of the paper arXiv:2208.13232 published originally on December 18, 2023.
description: Extended version of arXiv:2105.05949 which appeared in FoSSaCS 2022
Symmetric 2$-$(36,15,6) designs with an automorphism of order two
Creators: name: Rukavina, Sanja
name: Tonchev, Vladimir D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B05, 94B05

description: The parameters 2-(36,15,6) are the smallest parameters of symmetric designs for which a complete classification up to isomorphism is yet unknown. Bouyukliev, Fack and Winne classified all 2-$(36,15,6)$ designs that admit an automorphism of odd prime order, and gave a partial classification of such designs that admit an automorphism of order 2. In this paper, we give the classification of all symmetric 2-$(36,15,6)$ designs that admit an automorphism of order two. It is shown that there are exactly $1 547 701$ nonisomorphic such designs, $135 779$ of which are self-dual designs. The ternary linear codes spanned by the incidence matrices of these designs are computed. Among these codes, there are near-extremal self-dual codes with previously unknown weight distributions.
description: 20 pages
Measurement and feedback for cooling heavy levitated particles in low frequency traps
Creators: name: Walker, L. S.
name: Robb, G. R. M.
name: Daley, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a possible route to ground state cooling of a levitated nanoparticle, magnetically trapped by a strong permanent magnet, using a combination of measurement and feedback. The trap frequency of this system is much lower than those involving trapped ions or nano-mechanical resonators. Minimisation of environmental heating is therefore challenging as it requires control of the system on a timescale comparable to the inverse of the trap frequency. We show that these traps are an excellent platform for performing optimal feedback control via real-time state estimation, for the preparation of motional states with measurable quantum properties.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
On higher-derivative effects on the gravitational potential and particle bending
Creators: name: Brandhuber, Andreas
name: Travaglini, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using modern amplitude techniques we compute the leading classical and quantum corrections to the classical gravitational potential between two massive scalars induced by adding an $R^3$ term to Einstein gravity. We then study the scattering of massless scalars, photons and gravitons off a heavy scalar in the presence of the same $R^3$ deformation, and determine the bending angle in the three cases from the non-analytic component of the scattering amplitude. Similarly to the Einstein-Hilbert case, we find that the classical contribution to the bending angle is universal, but unlike that case, universality is preserved also by the first quantum correction. Finally we extend our analysis to include a deformation of the form $ΦR^2$, where $Φ$ is the dilaton, which arises in the low-energy effective action of the bosonic string in addition to the $R^3$ term, and compute its effect on the graviton bending.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures. v2: typos corrected, one reference added, several comments and clarifications added in Section 2. v3: JHEP version. v4: typos corrected
Sine-Gordon Revisited
Creators: name: Dimock, J.
name: Hurd, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sine-Gordon model in two dimensional space time in two different domains. For beta > 8 pi and weak coupling, we introduce an ultraviolet cutoff and study the infrared behavior. A renormalization group analysis shows that the model is asymptotically free in the infrared. For beta < 8 pi and weak coupling, we introduce an infrared cutoff and study the ultraviolet behavior. A renormalization group analysis shows that the model is asymptotically free in the ultraviolet.
description: 43 pages, Latex 2.09
Figure S7 Ancestral Character Estimation Indo-european tree from A worldwide view of matriliny: using cross-cultural analyses to shed light on human kinship systems
Creators: name: Surowiec, Alexandra
name: Snyder, Kate T.
name: Creanza, Nicole
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: Computational Biology

description: Although matriliny and matrilocality are relatively rare in contemporary human populations, these female-based descent and residence systems are present in different cultural contexts and across the globe. Previous research has generated numerous hypotheses about which cultural traits are associated with the stability or loss of matrilineal descent. In addition, several studies have examined matrilineal descent with phylogenetic analyses; however, the use of language phylogenies has restricted these analyses to comparisons within a single language family, often confined to a single continent. Cross-cultural comparisons are particularly informative when they account for the relationships between widely distributed populations, as opposed to treating each population as an independent sample or focusing on a single region. Here, we study the evolution of descent systems on a worldwide scale. First, we test for significant associations between matriliny and numerous cultural traits that have been theoretically associated with its stability or loss, such as subsistence strategy, animal domestication, mating system, residence pattern, wealth transfer and property succession. In addition, by combining genetic and linguistic information to build a global supertree that includes 16 matrilineal populations, we also perform phylogenetically controlled analyses to assess the patterns of correlated evolution between descent and other traits: for example, does a change in subsistence strategy generally predict a shift in the rules of descent, or do these transitions happen independently? These analyses enable a worldwide perspective on the pattern and process of the evolution of matriliny and matrilocality.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The evolution of female-biased kinship in humans and other mammals’.
Blanchfield pairings and Gordian distance
Creators: name: Friedl, Stefan
name: Kitayama, Takahiro
name: Suzuki, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10 (Primary), 57K31 (Secondary)

description: A lower bound of the Gordian distance is presented in terms of the Blanchfield pairing. Our approach, in particular, allows us to show at least for 195 pairs of unoriented nontrivial prime knots with up to 10 crossings that their Gordian distance is equal to 3, most of which are difficult to treat otherwise.
description: 20 pages. Version 2 also includes computational results for composite knots