cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Conflicts, Territories, and the Institutionalization of Post-Agrarian Economies on an Expanding Tourist Frontier in Quilotoa, Ecuador
Creators: name: Williams, J.
name: Quick, J.
name: Quiroga, D.
name: Ordoñez, A.
name: Colloredo-Mansfeld, R.
name: Paltán López, H.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2018

description: World Heritage and associated conservation-based tourism can generate significant national income, yet the top-down efforts to open up new tourist destinations can displace communities that are meant to benefit. In Ecuador, the administration of Rafael Correa has invested substantially in both new infrastructure and community level training in order to steer world heritage visitors into a more diversified tourist sector. Our research examined the attempt of one community at the crater lake Quilotoa (Cotopaxi province) to maintain control of their economy in the face of increased state investments. We asked, under what circumstances is a community able to both define and defend a zone of locally managed economic development? To answer the question, we carried out a participatory GIS mapping project focused on sites of conflict and community assemblies and supplemented the mapping with an economic survey and detailed career histories. Our research finds that, since 1988, cycles of conflicts within the community of Quilotoa and between Quilotoa and its neighbors came to define an effective, yet informal, territorial boundary within which residents were highly committed to mobilize to defend their work and investments. Interviews show the importance of territory as political resources used by the community to escalate commercial conflicts into matters of wide public concern and ultimately establish the institutional basis of non-agricultural work.
(502055) Benjamin Woodman Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Mission driven intermediaries as anchors of the middle ground in the American food system: Evidence from Warrenton NC
Creators: name: Guinn, Andrew
name: Kelmenson, Sophie
name: Cumming, Gabriel
name: Colloredo‐Mansfeld, Rudolph
name: Tewari, Meenu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Moving beyond direct marketing, food systems work is increasingly connecting sustainably grown food with supermarkets, dining services, and other mainstream outlets. It is here that growers come face‐to‐face with the rigid conditions of a globalized food system. In this paper we document the emergence of mission‐driven intermediaries as bridging institutions in the middle spaces of American agriculture that are using value addition and strategic scaling up to connect alternative food systems to local and regional markets at profitable prices. Through in‐depth interviews with Working Landscapes of Warrenton, North Carolina, we describe one path to becoming a Mission‐Driven Intermediary, in which intermediaries with roots in the nonprofit sector evolve into organizations of hybrid form that include revenue‐generating activities. This institutional heterodoxy allows lateral alliances with diverse entities that help recombine existing resources in new ways, enabling the organization to demonstrate long‐term commitment to the local food project while successfully improvising to survive in a highly competitive and corporatized industry.
Hypergeometric analytic continuation of the strong-coupling perturbation series for the 2d Bose-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Sanders, Sören
name: Heinisch, Christoph
name: Holthaus, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a scheme for analytic continuation of the strong-coupling perturbation series of the pure Bose-Hubbard model beyond the Mott insulator-to-superfluid transition at zero temperature, based on hypergeometric functions and their generalizations. We then apply this scheme for computing the critical exponent of the order parameter of this quantum phase transition for the two-dimensional case, which falls into the universality class of the three-dimensional $XY$ model. This leads to anontrivial test of the universality hypothesis.
description: 5 figures
(502051) Edith Woodman Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(502052) Maud Frances Woodman Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Colonial palynomorphs from the Upper Ordovician of north-eastern Iran: ‘thalli’, coenobial Chlorophyceae (Hydrodictyaceae) or cyanobacteria?
Creators: name: Navidi-Izad, Navid
name: Hashemi, Hossein
name: Cascales-Miñana, Borja
name: Régnier, Sylvie
name: Wellman, Charles H.
name: Servais, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: This study documents ‘colonial’ palynomorphs from the Upper Ordovician Ghelli Formation of north-eastern Iran. The aggregates of organic-walled microfossils come from the Katian Armoricochitina nigerica–Ancyrochitina merga chitinozoan biozones of this formation. The ‘colonial’ microfossils can be classified as acritarchs and/or cryptospores, but they cannot be attributed to a particular biological group. Some specimens resemble ‘thalli’ of putative spores, such as Grododowon orthogonalis Strother 2017. Other clusters may suggest an affinity to green algal groups, in particular to colonial chlorophyceaen algae, most probably belonging to Hydrodictyaceae. Some specimens also show morphological similarities with cyanobacterial groups. There is so far no evidence to relate these ‘colonial’ palynomorphs to primitive land plants, but we hypothesise that they were possibly produced by ancient green algal lineages with some kind of subaerial existence.
The power of Ecuador's indigenous communities in an era of cultural pluralism
Creators: name: Colloredo-Mansfeld, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The Ecuadorian indigenous movement emerged just as the binaries that once defined the Indian/white boundary became acknowledged internal polarities of indigenous society. In this article, I argue that these divergences energized indigenous communities, which built material infrastructure, social networks, and political capital across widening gaps in values and incomes. They managed this task through a kind of vernacular statecraft, making the most of list making, council formation, and boundary drawing. As the movement shifts into electoral politics, the same community politics that launched it now challenges the national organization. As they work to define a coherent national program, the principal organizations of the national movement must reproduce the local contacts and relations among communities that made Ecuador's indigenous pluriculturalism such a potent presence in the 1990s.
A real-time fast radio burst: polarization detection and multiwavelength follow-up
Creators: name: Petroff, E.
name: Bailes, M.
name: Barr, E. D.
name: Barsdell, B. R.
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Bian, F.
name: Burke-Spolaor, S.
name: Caleb, M.
name: Champion, D.
name: Chandra, P.
name: Da Costa, G.
name: Delvaux, C.
name: Flynn, C.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Jameson, A.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Kasliwal, M. M.
name: Keane, E. F.
name: Keller, S.
name: Kocz, J.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Leloudas, G.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Mulchaey, J. S.
name: Ng, C.
name: Ofek, E. O.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Schmidt, B. P.
name: Shen, Yue
name: Stappers, B.
name: Tisserand, P.
name: van Straten, W.
name: Wolf, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are one of the most tantalizing mysteries of the radio sky; their progenitors and origins remain unknown and until now no rapid multiwavelength follow-up of an FRB has been possible. New instrumentation has decreased the time between observation and discovery from years to seconds, and enables polarimetry to be performed on FRBs for the first time. We have discovered an FRB (FRB 140514) in real-time on 14 May, 2014 at 17:14:11.06 UTC at the Parkes radio telescope and triggered follow-up at other wavelengths within hours of the event. FRB 140514 was found with a dispersion measure (DM) of 562.7(6) cm$^{-3}$ pc, giving an upper limit on source redshift of $z \lesssim 0.5$. FRB 140514 was found to be 21$\pm$7% (3-$σ$) circularly polarized on the leading edge with a 1-$σ$ upper limit on linear polarization $<10%$. We conclude that this polarization is intrinsic to the FRB. If there was any intrinsic linear polarization, as might be expected from coherent emission, then it may have been depolarized by Faraday rotation caused by passing through strong magnetic fields and/or high density environments. FRB 140514 was discovered during a campaign to re-observe known FRB fields, and lies close to a previous discovery, FRB 110220; based on the difference in DMs of these bursts and time-on-sky arguments, we attribute the proximity to sampling bias and conclude that they are distinct objects. Follow-up conducted by 12 telescopes observing from X-ray to radio wavelengths was unable to identify a variable multiwavelength counterpart, allowing us to rule out models in which FRBs originate from nearby ($z < 0.3$) supernovae and long duration gamma-ray bursts.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
(502054) Thomas Horrocks Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
An ethnography of neoliberalism
Creators: name: Colloredo-Mansfeld, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Both a method and a goal of neoliberal policy, competitiveness structures ever more economic practices while consolidating cultural and community commitments. Current anthropological models treat competition narrowly as a reflection of economic inputs - capital, innovation, and talent. In contrast, I show that, first, competing successfully is predicated less and less on economic factors and increasingly on expressiveness and communication. Second, competition entails not so much individualism as positioning and thus is best understood as a structural relationship among competitors. Third, the essential cultural work of competition is not to sweep away inefficient conventions but rather to reconcile the painful inequalities emergent within a community with its professed shared values. To support these claims, I analyze artisan economies, a sector of the global economy that has been surprisingly, if not always happily, revitalized by neoliberal policies. Concentrating on indigenous artisans in Ecuador, I examine how people use words, art, crafted objects, and consumer goods to construct competition as an economic and moral field and place themselves within it.
Wide-Field InfraRed Survey Telescope (WFIRST) Mission and Synergies with LISA and LIGO-Virgo
Creators: name: Gehrels, Neil
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wide-Field InfraRed Survey Telescope (WFIRST) is a NASA space mission in study for launch in 2024. It has a 2.4 m telescope, wide-field IR instrument operating in the 0.7 - 2.0 micron range and an exoplanet imaging coronagraph instrument operating in the 400 - 1000 nm range. The observatory will perform galaxy surveys over thousands of square degrees to J=27 AB for dark energy weak lensing and baryon acoustic oscillation measurements and will monitor a few square degrees for dark energy SN Ia studies. It will perform microlensing observations of the galactic bulge for an exoplanet census and direct imaging observations of nearby exoplanets with a pathfinder coronagraph. The mission will have a robust and well-funded guest observer program for 25% of the observing time. WFIRST will be a powerful tool for time domain astronomy and for coordinated observations with gravitational wave experiments. Gravitational wave events produced by mergers of nearby binary neutron stars (LIGO-Virgo) or extragalactic supermassive black hole binaries (LISA) will produce electromagnetic radiation that WFIRST can observe.
description: Proceedings paper for 10th International LISA Symposium, May 18-23, 2014
(502049) William Henry [Woodman] Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Electronic response of graphene to linelike charge perturbations
Creators: name: Jiang, Bor-Yuan
name: Fogler, Michael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of electrostatic screening of a charged line by undoped or weakly doped graphene is treated beyond the linear-response theory. The induced electron density is found to be approximately doping independent, n(x)~(log x)^2/x^2, at intermediate distances x from the charged line. At larger x, twin p-n junctions may form if the external perturbation is repulsive for graphene charge carriers. The effect of such inhomogeneities on conductance and quantum capacitance of graphene is calculated. The results are relevant for transport properties of graphene grain boundaries and for local electrostatic control of graphene with ultrathin gates.
description: Fixed typos and added references
On the definition of Kac-Moody 2-category
Creators: name: Brundan, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10, 18D10

description: We show that the Kac-Moody 2-categories defined by Rouquier and by Khovanov and Lauda are the same.
description: 16 pages
Energy Partitions and Evolution in a Purely Thermal Solar Flare
Creators: name: Fleishman, Gregory D.
name: Nita, Gelu M.
name: Gary, Dale E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a solely thermal flare, which we detected in the microwave range from the thermal gyro- and free-free emission it produced. An advantage of analyzing thermal gyro emission is its unique ability to precisely yield the magnetic field in the radiating volume. When combined with observationally-deduced plasma density and temperature, these magnetic field measurements offer a straightforward way of tracking evolution of the magnetic and thermal energies in the flare. For the event described here, the magnetic energy density in the radio-emitting volume declines over the flare rise phase, then stays roughly constant during the extended peak phase, but recovers to the original level over the decay phase. At the stage where the magnetic energy density decreases, the thermal energy density increases; however, this increase is insufficient, by roughly an order of magnitude, to compensate for the magnetic energy decrease. When the magnetic energy release is over, the source parameters come back to nearly their original values. We discuss possible scenarios to explain this behavior.
description: ApJ in press; 11 pp, 6 figs; 3 on-line animations
The last Glacial and Holocene history of mountain woodlands in the southern part of the Western Carpathians, with emphasis on the spreading of Fagus sylvatica
Creators: name: Maroš Wiezik
name: Jamrichová, Eva
name: Hájková, Petra
name: Hrivnák, Richard
name: Frantíšek Máliš
name: Petr, Libor
name: Jankovská, Vlasta
name: Čierniková, Malvína
name: Hájek, Michal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The Western Carpathians have recently been examined by several palaeoecological studies. However, they are still a region that remains underexplored in terms of the Holocene history of mountain woodlands. We analysed an 8,000 years old peat sequence from the southern part of the Western Carpathians (the Bykovo site) for pollen, needles and stomata, and reviewed the data on the occurrence and spread of beech since the last Glacial times in order to put results from Bykovo into the context of the whole Western Carpathians. For the pre-industrial times, we reconstructed mixed beech-fir or beech-fir-spruce woodlands in zonal habitats, noble hardwood woodlands on screes, and spruce woodlands in peaty and wet habitats. A meta-analysis of available pollen data for beech revealed that a few sites in Pannonia and on the southern Carpathian fringes reached beech pollen abundances exceeding 0.5% already at the very beginning of the Holocene (12–10 cal BP). Moreover, the pattern of reaching greater pollen abundance limits showed a clear south-to-north gradient starting in the Pannonian lowland. Therefore, the direction of the spread of beech based on pollen abundances and the absence of beech macrofossil evidence during the Last Glacial Maximum do not support local glacial refugia of beech directly in the Western Carpathians. The timing of local beech occurrence (empirical pollen limit of 1.4–2%) and its expansion (rational pollen limit of up to 5 %) at the Bykovo site fits well this gradual spread of beech from the south. The first period of beech spreading in the Bykovo area around 6,250 cal BP coincides well with the period of increased precipitation between 6,100 and 6,800 cal BP, as reconstructed by different proxies (e.g. stable isotopes) for the Western Carpathians.
Rethinking American Indian and Non-Indian Relations in the United States and Exploring Tribal Sovereignty: Perspectives from Indian Country and from Inside the Bureau of Indian Affairs
Creators: name: Lambert, Valerie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This article uses materials from field research conducted at the level of tribal homelands and at the federal level of the Bureau of Indian Affairs to rethink and reconceptualize Indian–non-Indian relations and federal–Indian relations in the United States. I document the ways Chickasaw and Choctaw tribal officials are moving beyond the “deadliest enemies” model of Indian–non-Indian relations in tribal homelands in their pursuit of strategies that expand the role of tribal governments, mobilize support from local non-Indians for American Indian tribal empowerment and resurgence, and institutionalize a reordered regional political hierarchy. Cultural constructions of tribal sovereignty undergird these strategies and the transformations that are unfolding in the territories of the American Indian tribe in which I am enrolled and its neighbor tribe. Turning to a second site of participant-observation field research, I document the ways a different but related construction of tribal sovereignty drives the work of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, an agency whose workforce is more than 95 percent American Indian. Federal–Indian relations are shown to take shape through systematic responses to bureaucratic imperatives, the circulation of legal and popular constructions of Indian identity, and the resistance to segregation of the categories of “federal” and “Indian” in federal–Indian affairs.
The Big Black Box of Indian Country: The Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Federal-Indian Relationship
Creators: name: Lambert, Valerie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The nature of the relationship between the US government and American Indians is, of course, one of the big questions structuring federal tribal relations. Anthropological constructions of the federal- tribal relationship undergird nearly all contemporary ethnographies of American Indians, including the author's ethnography about the Choctaw Nation. Many of these works, including hers, characterize this relationship in remarkably simplistic ways, cleaving to a fundamental narrative that powerfully and persuasively constructs the relationship between the US government and American Indians as oppositional and hostile. The story of the Choctaw Nation, for example, is a story in which the US government forcibly relocated Choctaws to what was then Indian Territory on the Trail of Tears; passed allotment legislation and later termination legislation oriented toward ending our tribe's existence as a sovereign nation; and worked to wrest ownership and control of Choctaw water from the tribe during the late twentieth century instead of, as the federal Indian trust responsibility mandates, protecting their tribal water rights.
(502050) Gertrude Woodman Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Structure of marginally jammed polydisperse packings of frictionless spheres
Creators: name: Zhang, Chi
name: O'Donovan, Cathal B.
name: Corwin, Eric I.
name: Cardinaux, Frédéric
name: Mason, Thomas G.
name: Möbius, Matthias E.
name: Scheffold, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the packing structure of a marginally jammed bulk ensemble of polydisperse spheres using an extended granocentric mode explicitly taking into account rattlers. This leads to a relation- ship between the characteristic parameters of the packing, such as the mean number of neighbors and the fraction of rattlers, and the radial distribution function g(r). We find excellent agreement between the model predictions for g(r) and packing simulations as well as experiments on jammed emulsion droplets. The observed quantitative agreement opens the path towards a full structural characterization of jammed particle systems for imaging and scattering experiments.
description: submitted
Negotiating American Indian inclusion: Sovereignty, same-sex marriage, and sexual minorities in Indian country
Creators: name: Lambert, Valerie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: On April 17, 2013, two intertwined, symbolic actions occurred in the New Zealand
Parliament. In a vote of 77 to 44, this nation became the thirteenth country in the
world to legalize same-sex marriage. When it became clear that the bill had passed,
lawmakers and spectators broke into song, specifically a Maori song, “Pokarekare Ana,”
sung in the Maori language. As an American and an enrolled member of the Choctaw
Nation, I felt a mix of emotions at the time, including happiness for New Zealand
and sorrow for Americans and American Indians. In the United States, a comparable
victory for what some activists have termed “marriage equality” was not achieved until
June 26, 2015, more than two years after New Zealand’s passage of the bill and more
than fourteen years after the Netherlands became the first country to legalize same-sex
marriage. Moreover, as far as I am aware, no American Indian even speculated that a
Native-authored song would be sung in a Native language in court when the decision
was announced. And indeed, no such song was heard issuing from the US Supreme
Court building on that historic day.
(502041) Elizabeth Woodman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fc-engineered antibody therapeutics with improved anti-SARS-CoV-2 efficacy
Creators: name: Francis, R.L.
name: Rice, C.M.
name: Jones, A.T.
name: Kao, K.S.
name: Yamin, R.
name: Baric, R.S.
name: Schäfer, A.
name: Bournazos, S.
name: Sheahan, T.P.
name: Hoffmann, H.-H.
name: Ravetch, J.V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Monoclonal antibodies with neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 have demonstrated clinical benefits in cases of mild-to-moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection, substantially reducing the risk for hospitalization and severe disease1–4. Treatment generally requires the administration of high doses of these monoclonal antibodies and has limited efficacy in preventing disease complications or mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-195. Here we report the development and evaluation of anti-SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies with optimized Fc domains that show superior potency for prevention or treatment of COVID-19. Using several animal disease models of COVID-196,7, we demonstrate that selective engagement of activating Fcγ receptors results in improved efficacy in both preventing and treating disease-induced weight loss and mortality, significantly reducing the dose required to confer full protection against SARS-CoV-2 challenge and for treatment of pre-infected animals. Our results highlight the importance of Fcγ receptor pathways in driving antibody-mediated antiviral immunity and exclude the possibility of pathogenic or disease-enhancing effects of Fcγ receptor engagement of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies upon infection. These findings have important implications for the development of Fc-engineered monoclonal antibodies with optimal Fc-effector function and improved clinical efficacy against COVID-19 disease.
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-mediated phosphorylation of p300 enhances myosin heavy chain I/β gene expression via acetylation of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 - Additional Files
Creators: name: Bernardes Silva, Martine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Original raw data and supporting information for Figures 3A, 5A, 6F, 7B and 7D of: Meissner JD, Freund R, Krone D, Umeda PK, Chang KC, Gros G, Scheibe RJ. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2-mediated phosphorylation of p300 enhances myosin heavy chain I/beta gene expression via acetylation of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Aug;39(14):5907-25. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkr162
(502045) Thomas Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Thermally Induced Nonlinear Optical Absorption in Metamaterial Perfect Absorbers
Creators: name: Guddala, Sriram
name: Kumar, Raghwendra
name: Ramakrishna, S. Anantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A metamaterial perfect absorber consisting of a tri-layer (Al/ZnS/Al) metal-dielectric-metal system with top aluminium nano-disks is fabricated by laser-interference lithography and lift-off processing. The metamaterial absorber had peak resonant absorbance at 1090 nm and showed nonlinear absorption for 600ps laser pulses at 1064 nm wavelength. A nonlinear saturation of reflectance was measured to be dependent on the average laser power incident and not the peak laser intensity. The nonlinear behaviour is shown to arise from the heating due to the absorbed radiation and photo-thermal changes in the dielectric properties of aluminium. The metamaterial absorber is seen to be damage resistant at large laser intensities of 25 MW/cm2.
description: Under review
User adherence to mHealth and the role of patient support apps in self-management of diabetes
Creators: name: Böhm, Anna-Katharina
name: Jensen, Morten Lind
name: Sørensen, Mads Reinholdt
name: Stargardt, Tom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: An abstract submitted to the European Health Economics Association (EUHEA) Conference 2020 in Oslo (only contains preliminary results)
Gametes deficient for Pot1 telomere binding proteins alter levels of telomeric foci for multiple generations
Creators: name: Maddox, P.
name: Lister-Shimauchi, E.H.
name: Dinh, M.
name: Ahmed, S.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: Deficiency for telomerase results in transgenerational shortening of telomeres. However, telomeres have no known role in transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. C. elegans Protection Of Telomeres 1 (Pot1) proteins form foci at the telomeres of germ cells that disappear at fertilization and gradually accumulate during development. We find that gametes from mutants deficient for Pot1 proteins alter levels of telomeric foci for multiple generations. Gametes from pot-2 mutants give rise to progeny with abundant POT-1::mCherry and mNeonGreen::POT-2 foci throughout development, which persists for six generations. In contrast, gametes from pot-1 mutants or pot-1; pot-2 double mutants induce diminished Pot1 foci for several generations. Deficiency for MET-2, SET-25, or SET-32 methyltransferases, which promote heterochromatin formation, results in gametes that induce diminished Pot1 foci for several generations. We propose that C. elegans POT-1 may interact with H3K9 methyltransferases during pot-2 mutant gametogenesis to induce a persistent form of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance that causes constitutively high levels of heterochromatic Pot1 foci.
Parallel clustering of high-dimensional social media data streams
Creators: name: Gao, Xiaoming
name: Ferrara, Emilio
name: Qiu, Judy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce Cloud DIKW as an analysis environment supporting scientific discovery through integrated parallel batch and streaming processing, and apply it to one representative domain application: social media data stream clustering. Recent work demonstrated that high-quality clusters can be generated by representing the data points using high-dimensional vectors that reflect textual content and social network information. Due to the high cost of similarity computation, sequential implementations of even single-pass algorithms cannot keep up with the speed of real-world streams. This paper presents our efforts to meet the constraints of real-time social stream clustering through parallelization. We focus on two system-level issues. Most stream processing engines like Apache Storm organize distributed workers in the form of a directed acyclic graph, making it difficult to dynamically synchronize the state of parallel workers. We tackle this challenge by creating a separate synchronization channel using a pub-sub messaging system. Due to the sparsity of the high-dimensional vectors, the size of centroids grows quickly as new data points are assigned to the clusters. Traditional synchronization that directly broadcasts cluster centroids becomes too expensive and limits the scalability of the parallel algorithm. We address this problem by communicating only dynamic changes of the clusters rather than the whole centroid vectors. Our algorithm under Cloud DIKW can process the Twitter 10% data stream in real-time with 96-way parallelism. By natural improvements to Cloud DIKW, including advanced collective communication techniques developed in our Harp project, we will be able to process the full Twitter stream in real-time with 1000-way parallelism. Our use of powerful general software subsystems will enable many other applications that need integration of streaming and batch data analytics.
description: IEEE/ACM CCGrid 2015: 15th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing, 2015
(502048) Mary Constance Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Engineering threshold-based selection systems
Creators: name: Rasmussen, N.R.
name: Pedone, K.H.
name: Cox, A.D.
name: Ahmed, S.
name: Leopold, L.E.
name: Reiner, D.J.
name: González-Pérez, V.
name: Der, C.J.
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of America
Year: 2021

description: Using model organisms to identify novel therapeutic targets is frequently constrained by pre-existing genetic toolkits. To expedite positive selection for identification of novel downstream effectors, we engineered conditional expression of activated CED-10/Rac to disrupt Caenorhabditis elegans embryonic morphogenesis, titrated to 100% lethality. The strategy of engineering thresholds for positive selection using experimental animals was validated with pharmacological and genetic suppression and is generalizable to diverse molecular processes and experimental systems.
Germ granule dysfunction is a hallmark and mirror of Piwi mutant sterility
Creators: name: Billmyre, K.K.
name: Spichal, M.
name: Ahmed, S.
name: Heestand, B.
name: Mello, C.C.
name: Frenk, S.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: In several species, Piwi/piRNA genome silencing defects cause immediate sterility that correlates with transposon expression and transposon-induced genomic instability. In C. elegans, mutations in the Piwi-related gene (prg-1) and other piRNA deficient mutants cause a transgenerational decline in fertility over a period of several generations. Here we show that the sterility of late generation piRNA mutants correlates poorly with increases in DNA damage signaling. Instead, sterile individuals consistently exhibit altered perinuclear germ granules. We show that disruption of germ granules does not activate transposon expression but induces multiple phenotypes found in sterile prg-1 pathway mutants. Furthermore, loss of the germ granule component pgl-1 enhances prg-1 mutant infertility. Environmental restoration of germ granule function for sterile pgl-1 mutants restores their fertility. We propose that Piwi mutant sterility is a reproductive arrest phenotype that is characterized by perturbed germ granule structure and is phenocopied by germ granule dysfunction, independent of genomic instability.
Maternal Inheritance: Longevity Programs Nourish Progeny via Yolk
Creators: name:  Ahmed, S.
name: Dowen, R.H.
Publisher: name: Cell Press
Year: 2019

description: Epigenetic effects can be mediated by changes in chromatin state that are transmitted from parent to child via gametes, but support is gathering for maternal yolk, which is deposited into ooctyes, as an extranuclear epigenetic factor that can contribute to phenotypic plasticity across generations in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Recovery of the Candidate Protoplanet HD 100546 b with Gemini/NICI and Detection of Additional (Planet-Induced?) Disk Structure at Small Separations
Creators: name: Currie, Thayne
name: Muto, Takayuki
name: Kudo, Tomoyuki
name: Honda, Mitsuhiko
name: Brandt, Timothy D.
name: Grady, Carol
name: Fukagawa, Misato
name: Burrows, Adam
name: Janson, Markus
name: Kuzuhara, Masayuki
name: McElwain, Michael W.
name: Follette, Katherine
name: Hashimoto, Jun
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Kandori, Ryo
name: Kusakabe, Nobuhiko
name: Kwon, Jungmi
name: Mede, Kyle
name: Morino, Jun-ichi
name: Nishikawa, Jun
name: Pyo, Tae-Soo
name: Serabyn, Gene
name: Suenaga, Takuya
name: Takahashi, Yasuhiro
name: Wisniewski, John
name: Tamura, Motohide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first independent, second-epoch (re-)detection of a directly-imaged protoplanet candidate. Using $L^\prime$ high-contrast imaging of HD 100546 taken with the Near-Infrared Coronagraph and Imager (NICI) on Gemini South, we recover `HD 100546 b' with a position and brightness consistent with the original VLT/NaCo detection from Quanz et al, although data obtained after 2013 will be required to decisively demonstrate common proper motion. HD 100546 b may be spatially resolved, up to $\approx$ 12-13 AU in diameter, and is embedded in a finger of thermal IR bright, polarized emission extending inwards to at least 0.3". Standard hot-start models imply a mass of $\approx$ 15 $M_{J}$. But if HD 100546 b is newly formed or made visible by a circumplanetary disk, both of which are plausible, its mass is significantly lower (e.g. 1--7 $M_{J}$). Additionally, we discover a thermal IR-bright disk feature, possibly a spiral density wave, at roughly the same angular separation as HD 100546 b but 90 degrees away. Our interpretation of this feature as a spiral arm is not decisive, but modeling analyses using spiral density wave theory implies a wave launching point exterior to $\approx$ 0.45" embedded within the visible disk structure: plausibly evidence for a second, hitherto unseen wide-separation planet. With one confirmed protoplanet candidate and evidence for 1--2 others, HD 100546 is an important evolutionary precursor to intermediate-mass stars with multiple super-jovian planets at moderate/wide separations like HR 8799.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication/to be published in ApJ Letters
Chemical freeze-out parameters in Beam Energy Scan Program of STAR at RHIC
Creators: name: Das, Sabita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The STAR experiment at RHIC has completed its first phase of the Beam Energy Scan (BES-I) program to understand the phase structure of the quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The bulk properties of the system formed in Au+Au collisions at different center of mass energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = $ 7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV have been studied from the data collected in the year 2010 and 2011. The centrality and energy dependence of mid-rapidity ($|y|$ < 0.1) particle yields, and ratios are presented here. The chemical freeze-out parameters are extracted using measured particle ratios within the framework of a statistical model.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures, presented at the International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (ISMD 2014), Bologna, Italy, September 8-12, 2014
Average Multiplicative Order of Finitely Generated Subgroup of Rational Numbers Over Primes
Creators: name: Pehlivan, Cihan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a finitely generated multiplicative subgroup of rational numbers $Γ$, assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, we determine an asymptotic formula for average over prime numbers, powers of the order of the reduction group modulo $p$. The problem was considered in the case of rank $1$ by Pomerance and Kurlberg. In the case when $Γ$ contains only positive numbers, we give an explicit expression for the involved density in terms of an Euler product. We conclude with some numerical computations.
Generating population weights for the Well-being of older people measure (WOOP)
Creators: name: Himmler, Sebastian
name: van Exel, Job
name: Brouwer, Werner
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: health state valuation, well-being, choice experiment

description: Background & Objective There is a growing need for accurately measuring well-being of older people to inform public policy. To account for the large heterogeneity in quality of life, multi-attribute instruments are required. To be suitable for economic evaluations, the instrument's levels have to be weighted. These weights are commonly based on population preferences. This study aims to assess the suitability of two alternative approaches in estimating such population weights for a newly developed nine-dimensional well-being measure, the WOOP (well-being of older people) in an elderly population. Furthermore, we will present first results for the population weights. Methods In order to assess the cognitive burden of best-worst scaling (BWS) and discrete choice experiment (DCE) for obtaining weights for the WOOP, we created an online survey, which was tested in six think-aloud interviews and administered to a sample of 469 individuals aged 65 and above. Respondents were randomised to one of three randomised study arms with 13 choice tasks each. One arm included a DCE, where levels were colour-coded and overlapped. The second arm consisted of a case 2 BWS exercise. To test, whether colour coding would also be useful for BWS, we included a third arm, which presented respondents with a colour-coded BWS exercise. Cognitive burden and quality of the different tasks are assessed in terms of stability, monotonicity and continuity, as well as self-reported cognitive burden and answering time. The preferred method will then be used to create population weights using a sample of 1,000 Dutch citizens aged 65 and above. Results Think-aloud interviews and survey responses indicate that both BWS and DCE for valuing a nine-dimensional instrument are feasible for most respondents. Drop-out rate and completion time were lower in the DCE, while there was mixed evidence on the self-reported cognitive burden of the tasks itself. However, a larger share of respondents expressed that they could have answered more tasks in the DCE arm. In terms of stability, monotonicity and continuity, the answers to DCE tasks outperform the BWS answers. Preliminary results on the importance of the dimensions indicate that besides dimensions like mental and physical health, being able to cope with the current situation and feeling useful is also relevant to respondents. Discussion Results of the conducted analysis hint towards DCE being the more suitable methodological choice for estimating the population weights of a nine-dimensional quality of life instrument in the elderly. This not only informs the decision on how to proceed with the valuation of the WOOP but the more general discussion on the appropriateness of BWS and DCE exercises in health preference research.