cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 3 of Impact of non-cardiovascular comorbidities on the quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure: a scoping review
Creators: name: Comín-Colet, Josep
name: Lorenzo, Teresa Martín
name: González-Domínguez, Almudena
name: Oliva, Juan
name: Merino, Silvia Jiménez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Risk of bias for individual studies. Risk of bias grading for individual studies according to the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies
Plasma Diagnostics From Active Region and Quiet Sun Spectra Observed by Hinode/EIS: Quantifying the Departures from a Maxwellian Distribution
Creators: name: Lörinčík, Juraj
name: Dudík, Jaroslav
name: del Zanna, Giulio
name: Dzifčáková, Elena
name: Mason, Helen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform plasma diagnostics, including that of the non-Maxwellian $κ$-distributions, in several structures observed in the solar corona by the Extreme-Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) onboard the Hinode spacecraft. To prevent uncertainties due to the in-flight calibration of EIS, we selected spectral atlases observed shortly after the launch of the mission. One spectral atlas contains an observation of an active region, while the other is an off-limb quiet Sun region. To minimize the uncertainties of the diagnostics, we rely only on strong lines and we average the signal over a spatial area within selected structures. Multiple plasma parameters are diagnosed, such as the electron density, differential emission measure, and the non-Maxwellian parameter $κ$. To do that, we use a simple, well-converging iterative scheme based on refining the initial density estimates via the DEM and $κ$. We find that while the quiet Sun spectra are consistent with a Maxwellian distribution, the coronal loops and moss observed within active region are strongly non-Maxwellian with $κ$ $\lessapprox$ 3. These results were checked by calculating synthetic ratios using DEMs obtained as a function of $κ$. Ratios predicted using the DEMs assuming $κ$-distributions converged to the ratios observed in the quiet Sun and coronal loops. To our knowledge, this work presents a strong evidence of a presence of different electron distributions between two physically distinct parts of the solar corona.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
Asynchronous Quantum Repeater using Multiple Quantum Memory
Creators: name: Yin, Chen-Long Li. Hua-Lei
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A full-fledged quantum network relies on the formation of entangled links between remote location with the help of quantum repeaters. The famous Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller quantum repeater protocol is based on long distance single-photon interference, which not only requires high phase stability but also cannot generate maximally entangled state. Here, we propose a quantum repeater protocol using the idea of post-matching, which retains the same efficiency as the single-photon interference protocol, reduces the phase-stability requirement and can generate maximally entangled state in principle. We also outline an implementation of our scheme based on the Kerr nonlinear resonator. Numerical simulations show that our protocol has its superiority by comparing with existing protocols under a generic noise model and show the feasibility of building a large-scale quantum communication network with our scheme. We believe our work represents a crucial step towards the construction of a fully-connected quantum network.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Efficient photo-induced second harmonic generation in silicon photonics
Creators: name: Lu, Xiyuan
name: Moille, Gregory
name: Rao, Ashutosh
name: Westly, Daron
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon photonics lacks a second-order nonlinear optical response in general because the typical constituent materials are centro-symmetric and lack inversion symmetry, which prohibits second-order nonlinear processes such as second harmonic generation (SHG). Here, for the first time, we realize efficient SHG in a silicon-based optical microresonator by combining a strong photo-induced effective second-order nonlinearity with resonant enhancement and perfect-phase matching. We show a record-high conversion efficiency of 2,500 %/W, which is 2 to 4 orders of magnitude larger than previous works. In particular, our devices realize mW-level SHG output powers with > 20 % power conversion efficiency. This demonstration is a major breakthrough in realizing efficient second-order nonlinear processes in silicon photonics, and paves the way for integrated self-referencing of Kerr frequency combs for compact optical frequency synthesis and optical clock technologies.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
On-chip optical parametric oscillation into the visible: generating red, orange, yellow, and green from a near-infrared pump
Creators: name: Lu, Xiyuan
name: Moille, Gregory
name: Rao, Ashutosh
name: Westly, Daron
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical parametric oscillation (OPO) in a microresonator is promising as an efficient and scalable approach to on-chip coherent visible light generation. However, so far only red light at < 420 THz (near the edge of the visible band) has been reported. In this work, we demonstrate on-chip OPO covering > 130 THz of the visible spectrum, including red, orange, yellow, and green wavelengths. In particular, using a pump laser that is scanned 5 THz in the near-infrared from 386 THz to 391 THz, the signal is tuned from the near-infrared at 395 THz to the visible at 528 THz, while the idler is tuned from the near-infrared at 378 THz to the infrared at 254 THz. The widest signal-idler separation we demonstrate of 274 THz corresponds to more than an octave span and is the widest demonstrated for a nanophotonic OPO to date. Our work is a clear demonstration of how nonlinear nanophotonics can transform light from readily accessible compact near-infrared lasers to targeted visible wavelengths of interest, which is crucial for field-level deployment of spectroscopy and metrology systems.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Regularity estimates for singular parabolic measure data problems with sharp growth
Creators: name: Park, Jung-Tae
name: Shin, Pilsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K92 (Primary) 35R06, 35B65, 42B37 (Secondary)

description: We prove global gradient estimates for parabolic $p$-Laplace type equations with measure data, whose model is $$u_t - \textrm{div} \left(|Du|^{p-2} Du\right) = μ\quad \textrm{in} \ Ω\times (0,T) \subset \mathbb{R}^n \times \mathbb{R},$$ where $μ$ is a signed Radon measure with finite total mass. We consider the singular case $$\frac{2n}{n+1}
description: 30 pages
Geodesic Structure of the Quantum-Corrected Schwarzschild Black Hole Surrounded by Quintessence
Creators: name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Hajebrahimi, Milad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering the back-reaction of the spacetime through the spherically symmetric quantum fluctuations of the background metric, Kazakov and Solodukhin removed the singularity of the Schwarzschild black hole. This regular Schwarzschild black hole has a spherical central region with a radius of the order of the Planck length. On the other hand, due to the positively accelerating expansion of the Universe, it seems that there exists a universal repulsive force known as dark energy. In the framework of quantum field theories, the quintessence field is a candidate model for investigating and modeling dark energy. Accordingly, by taking into account the quintessential matter field in the background of the Schwarzschild black hole, Kiselev gained the metric of this black hole surrounded by quintessence. By combining these two above ideas, in the present study we consider the quantum-corrected Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by quintessence to investigate null and time-like geodesics structure. Generally, this study points out that black holes are quantum-gravitational objects. We will show that the accelerated expansion of the Universe, instead of dark energy, happens because of the presence of quantum effects in this setup. Also, due to the presence of the central Planck-size sphere, the regular black hole has been possessed a shifting over radial coordinate in its inner structure.
description: 42 pages, 24 figures
DexTouch: Learning to Seek and Manipulate Objects with Tactile Dexterity
Creators: name: Lee, Kang-Won
name: Qin, Yuzhe
name: Wang, Xiaolong
name: Lim, Soo-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The sense of touch is an essential ability for skillfully performing a variety of tasks, providing the capacity to search and manipulate objects without relying on visual information. In this paper, we introduce a multi-finger robot system designed to manipulate objects using the sense of touch, without relying on vision. For tasks that mimic daily life, the robot uses its sense of touch to manipulate randomly placed objects in dark. The objective of this study is to enable robots to perform blind manipulation by using tactile sensation to compensate for the information gap caused by the absence of vision, given the presence of prior information. Training the policy through reinforcement learning in simulation and transferring the trained policy to the real environment, we demonstrate that blind manipulation can be applied to robots without vision. In addition, the experiments showcase the importance of tactile sensing in the blind manipulation tasks. Our project page is available at https://lee-kangwon.github.io/dextouch/
description: Project page: https://lee-kangwon.github.io/dextouch/; published in IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L)
Torsion Free Endotrivial Modules for Finite Groups of Lie Type
Creators: name: Carlson, Jon F.
name: Grodal, Jesper
name: Mazza, Nadia
name: Nakano, Daniel K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C33,

description: In this paper we determine the torsion free rank of the group of endotrivial modules for any finite group of Lie type, in both defining and non-defining characteristic. On our way to proving this, we classify the maximal rank $2$ elementary abelian $\ell$-subgroups in any finite group of Lie type, for any prime $\ell$, which may be of independent interest.
Search for new phenomena with top-quark pairs and large missing transverse momentum using 140 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $pp$ collision data at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is conducted for new phenomena in events with a top quark pair and large missing transverse momentum, where the top quark pair is reconstructed in final states with one isolated electron or muon and multiple jets. The search is performed using the Large Hadron Collider proton--proton collision data sample at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$. An analysis based on neural network classifiers is optimised to search for directly produced pairs of supersymmetric partners of the top quark (stop), and to search for spin-0 mediators, produced in association with a pair of top quarks, that decay into dark-matter particles. In the stop search, the analysis is designed to target models in which the mass difference between the stop and the neutralino from the stop decay is close to the top quark mass. This new search is combined with previously published searches in final states with different lepton multiplicities. No significant excess above the Standard Model background is observed, and limits at 95% confidence level are set. Models with neutralinos with masses up to 570 GeV are excluded, while for small neutralino masses models are excluded for stop masses up to 1230 GeV. Scalar (pseudoscalar) dark matter mediator masses as large as 350 (370) GeV are excluded when the coupling strengths of the mediator to Standard Model and dark-matter particles are both set to one. At lower mediator masses, models with production cross-sections as small as 0.15 (0.16) times the nominal predictions are excluded. Results of this search are also used to set constraints on effective four-fermion contact interactions between top quarks and neutrinos.
description: 56 pages in total, author list starting page 39, 13 figures, 6 tables, submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2023-22/
Additional file 1 of Estimating the lagged effect of price discounting: a time-series study on sugar sweetened beverage purchasing in a supermarket
Creators: name: Mamiya, Hiroshi
name: Schmidt, Alexandra M.
name: Moodie, Erica E. M.
name: Buckeridge, David L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
First Moments of Some Hecke $L$-functions of Prime Moduli
Creators: name: Gao, Peng
name: Zhao, Liangyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the first moments of central values of Hecke $L$-functions associated with quadratic, cubic and quartic symbols to prime moduli. This also enables us to obtain results on first moments of central values of certain families of cubic and quartic Dirichlet $L$-functions of prime moduli.
description: 11 pages
Stochastic Games with Lexicographic Reachability-Safety Objectives
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
name: Katoen, Joost-Pieter
name: Weininger, Maximilian
name: Winkler, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study turn-based stochastic zero-sum games with lexicographic preferences over reachability and safety objectives. Stochastic games are standard models in control, verification, and synthesis of stochastic reactive systems that exhibit both randomness as well as angelic and demonic non-determinism. Lexicographic order allows to consider multiple objectives with a strict preference order over the satisfaction of the objectives. To the best of our knowledge, stochastic games with lexicographic objectives have not been studied before. We establish determinacy of such games and present strategy and computational complexity results. For strategy complexity, we show that lexicographically optimal strategies exist that are deterministic and memory is only required to remember the already satisfied and violated objectives. For a constant number of objectives, we show that the relevant decision problem is in NP $\cap$ coNP, matching the current known bound for single objectives; and in general the decision problem is PSPACE-hard and can be solved in NEXPTIME $\cap$ coNEXPTIME. We present an algorithm that computes the lexicographically optimal strategies via a reduction to computation of optimal strategies in a sequence of single-objectives games. We have implemented our algorithm and report experimental results on various case studies.
description: Full version (33 pages) of CAV20 conference paper; including an appendix with technical proofs
Local integrals of motion in dipole-conserving models with Hilbert space fragmentation
Creators: name: Łydżba, Patrycja
name: Prelovšek, Peter
name: Mierzejewski, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hilbert space fragmentation is an ergodicity breaking phenomenon, in which Hamiltonian shatters into exponentially many dynamically disconnected sectors. In many fragmented systems, these sectors can be labelled by statistically localized integrals of motion, which are {\em nonlocal} operators. We study the paradigmatic nearest-neighbor pair hopping (PH) model exhibiting the so-called strong fragmentation. We show that this model hosts local integrals of motion (LIOMs), which correspond to frozen density modes with long wavelengths. The latter modes become subdiffusive when longer-range pair hoppings are allowed. Finally, we make a connection with a tilted (Stark) chain. Contrary to the dipole-conserving effective models, the tilted chain is shown to support either Hamiltonian or dipole moment as an LIOM. Numerical results are obtained from a numerical algorithm, in which finding LIOMs is reduced to the data compression problem.
The Partial Transpose and Asymptotic Free Independence for Wishart Random Matrices: Part II
Creators: name: Popa, Mihai
name: Mingo, James A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L54, 15B52, 05A05

description: Using new combinatorial techniques, we significantly improve the previous results on asymptotic distributions and asymptotic free independence relations of partial transposes of Wishart random matrices. In particular, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the asymptotic free independence of partial transposes of Wishart matrices with difference block sizes.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures
Well-balanced finite volume schemes for nearly steady adiabatic flows
Creators: name: Grosheintz-Laval, Luc
name: Käppeli, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present well-balanced finite volume schemes designed to approximate the Euler equations with gravitation. They are based on a novel local steady state reconstruction. The schemes preserve a discrete equivalent of steady adiabatic flow, which includes non-hydrostatic equilibria. The proposed method works in Cartesian, cylindrical and spherical coordinates. The scheme is not tied to any specific numerical flux and can be combined with any consistent numerical flux for the Euler equations, which provides great flexibility and simplifies the integration into any standard finite volume algorithm. Furthermore, the schemes can cope with general convex equations of state, which is particularly important in astrophysical applications. Both first- and second-order accurate versions of the schemes and their extension to several space dimensions are presented. The superior performance of the well-balanced schemes compared to standard schemes is demonstrated in a variety of numerical experiments. The chosen numerical experiments include simple one-dimensional problems in both Cartesian and spherical geometry, as well as two-dimensional simulations of stellar accretion in cylindrical geometry with a complex multi-physics equation of state.
The New Partnership Between IGSN and DataCite: Leveraging Community of Communities on Physical Specimens and Samples
Creators: name: Lehnert, Kerstin
name: Buys, Matthew
name: Klump, Jens
name: Ramdeen, Sarah
name: Cousijn, Helena
name: Wyborn, Lesley
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract of conference poster on The New Partnership Between IGSN and DataCite: Leveraging Community of Communities on Physical Specimens and Samples by Kerstin Lehnert of Columba University Palisades United States for SPNHC2022 Conference, Edinburgh. June 5-10th 2022.
Additional file 1 of Exploring the digital footprint of depression: a PRISMA systematic literature review of the empirical evidence
Creators: name: Zarate, Daniel
name: Stavropoulos, Vasileios
name: Ball, Michelle
name: de Sena Collier, Gabriel
name: Jacobson, Nicholas C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Prisma 2009 Checklist
A locally F-finite Noetherian domain that is not F-finite
Creators: name: Dumitrescu, Tiberiu
name: Ionescu, Cristodor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using an old example of Nagata, we construct a Noetherian ring of prime characteristic p, whose Frobenius morphism is locally finite, but not finite.
description: Comments are welcome!
X-CBA: Explainability Aided CatBoosted Anomal-E for Intrusion Detection System
Creators: name: Kaya, Kiymet
name: Ak, Elif
name: Bas, Sumeyye
name: Canberk, Berk
name: Oguducu, Sule Gunduz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effectiveness of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) is critical in an era where cyber threats are becoming increasingly complex. Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models provide an efficient and accurate solution for identifying attacks and anomalies in computer networks. However, using ML and DL models in IDS has led to a trust deficit due to their non-transparent decision-making. This transparency gap in IDS research is significant, affecting confidence and accountability. To address, this paper introduces a novel Explainable IDS approach, called X-CBA, that leverages the structural advantages of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to effectively process network traffic data, while also adapting a new Explainable AI (XAI) methodology. Unlike most GNN-based IDS that depend on labeled network traffic and node features, thereby overlooking critical packet-level information, our approach leverages a broader range of traffic data through network flows, including edge attributes, to improve detection capabilities and adapt to novel threats. Through empirical testing, we establish that our approach not only achieves high accuracy with 99.47% in threat detection but also advances the field by providing clear, actionable explanations of its analytical outcomes. This research also aims to bridge the current gap and facilitate the broader integration of ML/DL technologies in cybersecurity defenses by offering a local and global explainability solution that is both precise and interpretable.
Additional file 1 of Instrumental and affective communication with patients with limited health literacy in the palliative phase of cancer or COPD
Creators: name: Noordman, Janneke
name: Schulze, Lotte
name: Roodbeen, Ruud
name: Gudule Boland
name: Vliet, Liesbeth M. Van
name: Muijsenbergh, Maria Van Den
name: Dulmen, Sandra Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Backward error analysis for variational discretisations of partial differential equations
Creators: name: McLachlan, Robert I
name: Offen, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D30, 70H25, 70H50, 35A15, 35B06, 35C07, 37K58

description: In backward error analysis, an approximate solution to an equation is compared to the exact solution to a nearby modified equation. In numerical ordinary differential equations, the two agree up to any power of the step size. If the differential equation has a geometric property then the modified equation may share it. In this way, known properties of differential equations can be applied to the approximation. But for partial differential equations, the known modified equations are of higher order, limiting applicability of the theory. Therefore, we study symmetric solutions of discretized partial differential equations that arise from a discrete variational principle. These symmetric solutions obey infinite-dimensional functional equations. We show that these equations admit second-order modified equations which are Hamiltonian and also possess first-order Lagrangians in modified coordinates. The modified equation and its associated structures are computed explicitly for the case of rotating travelling waves in the nonlinear wave equation.
Generalized Random Energy Models in a Transversal Magnetic Field: Free Energy and Phase Diagrams
Creators: name: Manai, Chokri
name: Warzel, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D30, 82B44

description: We determine explicit variational expressions for the free energy of mean-field spin glasses in a transversal magnetic field, whose glass interaction is given by a hierarchical Gaussian potential as in Derrida's Generalized Random Energy Model (GREM), its continuous version (CREM) or the non-hierarchical GREM. The corresponding phase diagrams, which generally include glass transitions as well as magnetic transitions, are discussed. In the glass phase, the free energy is generally determined by both the parameters of the classical model and the transversal field.
Inferring the properties of a population of compact binaries in presence of selection effects
Creators: name: Vitale, Salvatore
name: Gerosa, Davide
name: Farr, Will M.
name: Taylor, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shortly after a new class of objects is discovered, the attention shifts from the properties of the individual sources to the question of their origin: do all sources come from the same underlying population, or several populations are required? What are the properties of these populations? As the detection of gravitational waves is becoming routine and the size of the event catalog increases, finer and finer details of the astrophysical distribution of compact binaries are now within our grasp. This Chapter presents a pedagogical introduction to the main statistical tool required for these analyses: hierarchical Bayesian inference in the presence of selection effects. All key equations are obtained from first principles, followed by two examples of increasing complexity. Although many remarks made in this Chapter refer to gravitational-wave astronomy, the write-up is generic enough to be useful to researchers and graduate students from other fields.
description: 57 pages. Updated and revised w.r.t. v1. Includes new section (5.2). v2. adds back the glossary, that was lost in previous version
The Natural History Museum on the Move: from Bloomsbury via South Kensington to Harwell a 150-year journey!
Creators: name: Valentine, Clare
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract of conference oral presentation on The Natural History Museum on the Move: from Bloomsbury via South Kensington to Harwell a 150-year journey! by Clare Valentine of The Natural History Museum for SPNHC2022 Conference, Edinburgh. June 5-10th 2022.
Additional file 2 of Exploring the digital footprint of depression: a PRISMA systematic literature review of the empirical evidence
Creators: name: Zarate, Daniel
name: Stavropoulos, Vasileios
name: Ball, Michelle
name: de Sena Collier, Gabriel
name: Jacobson, Nicholas C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary Tables
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Paradox with Position-Momentum Entangled Macroscopic Twin Beams
Creators: name: Kumar, Ashok
name: Nirala, Gaurav
name: Marino, Alberto M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial entanglement is at the heart of quantum enhanced imaging applications and high-dimensional quantum information protocols. In particular, for imaging and sensing applications, quantum states with a macroscopic number of photons are needed to provide a real advantage over the classical state-of-the-art. We demonstrate the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) paradox in its original position and momentum form with bright twin beams of light by showing the presence of EPR spatial (position-momentum) entanglement. An electron-multiplying charge-coupled-device camera is used to record images of the bright twin beams in the near and far field regimes to achieve an apparent violation of the uncertainty principle by more than an order of magnitude. We further show that the presence of quantum correlations in the spatial and temporal degrees of freedom leads to spatial squeezing between the spatial fluctuations of the bright twin beams in both the near and far fields. This provides another verification of the spatial entanglement and points to the presence of hyperentanglement in the bright twin beams.
description: 5 pages, 3 Figures. Includes Supplemental Material
Laboratory study of magnetic reconnection in lunar-relevant mini-magnetospheres
Creators: name: Rovige, Lucas
name: Cruz, Filipe D.
name: Dorst, Robert S.
name: Pilgram, Jessica J.
name: Constantin, Carmen G.
name: Vincena, Stephen
name: Cruz, Fábio
name: Silva, Luis O.
name: Niemann, Christoph
name: Schaeffer, Derek B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mini-magnetospheres are small ion-scale structures that are well-suited to studying kinetic-scale physics of collisionless space plasmas. Such ion-scale magnetospheres can be found on local regions of the Moon, associated with the lunar crustal magnetic field. In this paper, we report on the laboratory experimental study of magnetic reconnection in laser-driven, lunar-like ion-scale magnetospheres on the Large Plasma Device (LAPD) at the University of California - Los Angeles. In the experiment, a high-repetition rate (1 Hz), nanosecond laser is used to drive a fast moving, collisionless plasma that expands into the field generated by a pulsed magnetic dipole embedded into a background plasma and magnetic field. The high-repetition rate enables the acquisition of time-resolved volumetric data of the magnetic and electric fields to characterize magnetic reconnection and calculate the reconnection rate. We notably observe the formation of Hall fields associated with reconnection. Particle-in-cell simulations reproducing the experimental results were performed to study the micro-physics of the interaction. By analyzing the generalized Ohm's law terms, we find that the electron-only reconnection is driven by kinetic effects, through the electron pressure anisotropy. These results are compared to recent satellite measurements that found evidence of magnetic reconnection near the lunar surface.
Under manipulations, are some AI models harder to audit?
Creators: name: Godinot, Augustin
name: Tredan, Gilles
name: Merrer, Erwan Le
name: Penzo, Camilla
name: Taïani, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Auditors need robust methods to assess the compliance of web platforms with the law. However, since they hardly ever have access to the algorithm, implementation, or training data used by a platform, the problem is harder than a simple metric estimation. Within the recent framework of manipulation-proof auditing, we study in this paper the feasibility of robust audits in realistic settings, in which models exhibit large capacities. We first prove a constraining result: if a web platform uses models that may fit any data, no audit strategy -- whether active or not -- can outperform random sampling when estimating properties such as demographic parity. To better understand the conditions under which state-of-the-art auditing techniques may remain competitive, we then relate the manipulability of audits to the capacity of the targeted models, using the Rademacher complexity. We empirically validate these results on popular models of increasing capacities, thus confirming experimentally that large-capacity models, which are commonly used in practice, are particularly hard to audit robustly. These results refine the limits of the auditing problem, and open up enticing questions on the connection between model capacity and the ability of platforms to manipulate audit attempts.
description: To appear in the IEEE Conference on Secure and Trustworthy Machine Learning, 2024
MPEC 2024-L46 : 2018 BT6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
On graded $A$-2-absorbing submodules of graded modules over graded commutative rings
Creators: name: Al-Zoubi, Khaldoun
name: Al-Kaseasbeh, Saba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A02, 16W50

description: Let $G$ be a group with identity $e$. Let $R$ be a $G$-graded commutative ring, $M$ a graded $R$-module and $A\subseteq h(R)$ a multiplicatively closed subset of $R$. In this paper, we introduce the concept of graded $A$-2-absorbing submodules of $M$ as a generalization of graded 2-absorbing submodules and graded $A$-prime submodules of $M.$ We investigate some properties of this class of graded submodules.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.13606
Testing the Instanton Approach to the Large Amplification Limit of a Diffraction-Amplification Problem
Creators: name: Mounaix, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The validity of the instanton analysis approach is tested numerically in the case of the diffraction-amplification problem $\partial_zψ-\frac{i}{2m}\partial^2_{x^2} ψ=g\vert S\vert^2\, ψ$ for $\ln U\gg 1$, where $U=\vertψ(0,L)\vert^2$. Here, $S(x,z)$ is a complex Gaussian random field, $z$ and $x$ respectively are the axial and transverse coordinates, with $0\le z\le L$, and both $m\ne 0$ and $g>0$ are real parameters. We consider a class of $S$, called the `one-max class', for which we devise a specific biased sampling procedure. As an application, $p(U)$, the probability distribution of $U$, is obtained down to values less than $10^{-2270}$ in the far right tail. We find that the agreement of our numerical results with the instanton analysis predictions in Mounaix (2023 {\it J. Phys. A: Math. Theor.} {\bf 56} 305001) is remarkable. Both the predicted algebraic tail of $p(U)$ and concentration of the realizations of $S$ onto the leading instanton are clearly confirmed, which validates the instanton analysis numerically in the large $\ln U$ limit for $S$ in the one-max class.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, submitted to J. Phys. A: Math. Theor
Geometry of non-transitive graphs
Creators: name: Oh, Josiah
name: Pengitore, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F69, 20F18, 51F30

description: In this note, we study non-transitive graphs and prove a number of results when they satisfy a coarse version of transitivity. Also, for each finitely generated group $G$, we produce continuum many pairwise non-quasi-isometric regular graphs that have the same growth rate, number of ends, and asymptotic dimension as $G$.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 3 of ESCRT machinery plays a role in microautophagy in yeast
Creators: name: Shamsul Morshed
name: Most Naoshia Tasnin
name: Ushimaru, Takashi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3 Table S2. Plasmids used in this study.
A universal frequency engineering tool for microcavity nonlinear optics: multiple selective mode splitting of whispering-gallery resonances
Creators: name: Lu, Xiyuan
name: Rao, Ashutosh
name: Moille, Gregory
name: Westly, Daron A.
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whispering-gallery microcavities have been used to realize a variety of efficient parametric nonlinear optical processes through the enhanced light-matter interaction brought about by supporting multiple high quality factor and small modal volume resonances. Critical to such studies is the ability to control the relative frequencies of the cavity modes, so that frequency matching is achieved to satisfy energy conservation. Typically this is done by tailoring the resonator cross-section. Doing so modifies the frequencies of all of the cavity modes, that is, the global dispersion profile, which may be undesired, for example, in introducing competing nonlinear processes.Here, we demonstrate a frequency engineering tool, termed multiple selective mode splitting (MSMS), that is independent of the global dispersion and instead allows targeted and independent control of the frequencies of multiple cavity modes. In particular, we show controllable frequency shifts up to 0.8 nm, independent control of the splitting of up to five cavity modes with optical quality factors $\gtrsim 10^5$, and strongly suppressed frequency shifts for untargeted modes. The MSMS technique can be broadly applied to a wide variety of nonlinear optical processes across different material platforms, and can be used to both selectively enhance processes of interestand suppress competing unwanted processes.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Smoothed Graph Contrastive Learning via Seamless Proximity Integration
Creators: name: Behmanesh, Maysam
name: Ovsjanikov, Maks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph contrastive learning (GCL) aligns node representations by classifying node pairs into positives and negatives using a selection process that typically relies on establishing correspondences within two augmented graphs. The conventional GCL approaches incorporate negative samples uniformly in the contrastive loss, resulting in the equal treatment of negative nodes, regardless of their proximity to the true positive. In this paper, we present a Smoothed Graph Contrastive Learning model (SGCL), which leverages the geometric structure of augmented graphs to inject proximity information associated with positive/negative pairs in the contrastive loss, thus significantly regularizing the learning process. The proposed SGCL adjusts the penalties associated with node pairs in contrastive loss by incorporating three distinct smoothing techniques that result in proximity-aware positives and negatives. To enhance scalability for large-scale graphs, the proposed framework incorporates a graph batch-generating strategy that partitions the given graphs into multiple subgraphs, facilitating efficient training in separate batches. Through extensive experimentation in the unsupervised setting on various benchmarks, particularly those of large scale, we demonstrate the superiority of our proposed framework against recent baselines.
description: 26 pages
Comparison of Algorithms for Simple Stochastic Games (Full Version)
Creators: name: Kretinsky, Jan
name: Ramneantu, Emanuel
name: Slivinskiy, Alexander
name: Weininger, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simple stochastic games are turn-based 2.5-player zero-sum graph games with a reachability objective. The problem is to compute the winning probability as well as the optimal strategies of both players. In this paper, we compare the three known classes of algorithms -- value iteration, strategy iteration and quadratic programming -- both theoretically and practically. Further, we suggest several improvements for all algorithms, including the first approach based on quadratic programming that avoids transforming the stochastic game to a stopping one. Our extensive experiments show that these improvements can lead to significant speed-ups. We implemented all algorithms in PRISM-games 3.0, thereby providing the first implementation of quadratic programming for solving simple stochastic games.
Additional file 1 of Aging and self-reported health in 114 Latin American cities: gender and socio-economic inequalities
Creators: name: Castillo-Riquelme, Marianela
name: Yamada, Goro
name: Diez Roux, Ana V.
name: Alfaro, Tania
name: Flores-Alvarado, Sandra
name: Barrientos, Tonatiuh
name: Teixeira Vaz, Camila
name: Trotta, Andrés
name: Sarmiento, Olga L.
name: Lazo, Mariana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Derivation of the analytical sample. SALURBAL Study
Additional file 2 of History of malaria control in Rwanda: implications for future elimination in Rwanda and other malaria-endemic countries
Creators: name: Karema, Corine
name: Wen, Shawn
name: Sidibe, Abigail
name: Smith, Jennifer L.
name: Gosling, Roly
name: Hakizimana, Emmanuel
name: Tanner, Marcel
name: Abdisalan M. Noor
name: Tatarsky, Allison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Appendix 2. Rwanda Malaria Timeline.
Asymmetric urea, thiourea and squaramide receptors as minimal-anion binding motifs
Creators: name: McVey, Bobbie M.
name: Rumble, Joanna
name: Nathan, Charis E. V.
name: Gass, Ian A.
name: Sambrook, Mark R.
name: Cragg, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Asymmetric minimal receptors based on 4-nitrophenylurea, 1, and 4-nitrophenylthiourea, 2, were shown to bind a range of anions and are deprotonated by both fluoride and hydroxide to give a colorimetric response. A 4-trifluoromethylphenylurea receptor, 3, was deprotonated by fluoride but not hydroxide but was not discernible by the naked eye. Deprotonation of 1 by fluoride ultimately resulted in the formation of its bicarbonate complex as determined by X-ray crystallography in agreement with DFT calculations. Fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that emission of 2 reaches a maximum at two equivalents of anions except for fluoride where it continues to increase with increasing addition of TBAF allowing 2 to give a fluoride-specific response.
Ambisonics Encoding For Arbitrary Microphone Arrays Incorporating Residual Channels For Binaural Reproduction
Creators: name: Gayer, Yhonatan
name: Tourbabin, Vladimir
name: Ben-Hur, Zamir
name: Donley, Jacob
name: Rafaely, Boaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the rapidly evolving fields of virtual and augmented reality, accurate spatial audio capture and reproduction are essential. For these applications, Ambisonics has emerged as a standard format. However, existing methods for encoding Ambisonics signals from arbitrary microphone arrays face challenges, such as errors due to the irregular array configurations and limited spatial resolution resulting from a typically small number of microphones. To address these limitations and challenges, a mathematical framework for studying Ambisonics encoding is presented, highlighting the importance of incorporating the full steering function, and providing a novel measure for predicting the accuracy of encoding each Ambisonics channel from the steering functions alone. Furthermore, novel residual channels are formulated supplementing the Ambisonics channels. A simulation study for several array configurations demonstrates a reduction in binaural error for this approach.
description: Accepted for presentation at HSCMA 2024