cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unconventional charge density wave in the organic conductor alpha-(BEDT-TTF)_2KHg(SCN)_4
Creators: name: Maki, Kazumi
name: Dóra, Balázs
name: Kartsovnik, Mark
name: Virosztek, Attila
name: Korin-Hamzic, Bojana
name: Basletic, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low temperature phase (LTP) of alpha-(BEDT-TTF)_2KHg(SCN)_4 salt is known for its surprising angular dependent magnetoresistance (ADMR), which has been studied intensively in the last decade. However, the nature of the LTP has not been understood until now. Here we analyse theoretically ADMR in unconventional (or nodal) charge density wave (UCDW). In magnetic field the quasiparticle spectrum in UCDW is quantized, which gives rise to spectacular ADMR. The present model accounts for many striking features of ADMR data in alpha-(BEDT-TTF)_2KHg(SCN)_4.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Asymptotic Bethe ansatz of ABJM open spin chain from giant graviton
Creators: name: Chen, Hui-Huang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous work, the two-loop integrability of ABJM determinant like operator has been well established. In this paper, we push the integrability to all loop orders. The asymptotic Bethe ansatz equations for ABJM determinant like operator (open string attached on giant graviton) are obtained. In the derivation, the symmetries preserved by the bulk and the boundary played a crucial role. Taking the weak coupling limit and applying appropriate fermionic dualities, we obtained a different set of scalar sector Bethe equations with our previous results. When the "gauge" transformation on Bethe equations was introduced, the discrepancy disappeared.
description: 16 pages, published version,typoes fixed
Experimental facilities in Latin America
Creators: name: Dib, C.O.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: School Proceedings
Year: 2021

description: These lecture notes briefly describe the current and planned experimental facilities for high-energy physics research in Latin America. The list is not exhaustive nor the descriptions are complete, but I tried to select some of the most representative facilities and large international experiments at the time. Given that particle physics today is tightly related to cosmology and astrophysics, and South America is where most of the major astronomical observatories in the world are located, I start by listing some of the representative observatories. Then we move on to the main accelerator facilities, which are few and mainly for applications, but the core of particle physics research infrastructure in Latin America is in astroparticle physics, which is where I take most of the time to describe. The name and location of each infrastructure are listed, the scientific goals and some introductory description of the detecting techniques. Specific details are not included, which can be found in the literature.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: School Proceedings, Vol. 2 (2021): Proceedings of the 2019 CERN–Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics, Villa General Belgrano, Argentina, 13–26 March 2019
Biofouling in marine aquaculture: a review of recent research and developments
Creators: name: Bannister, Jana
name: Sievers, Michael
name: Bush, Flora
name: Bloecher, Nina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Biofouling in marine aquaculture is one of the main barriers to efficient and sustainable production. Owing to the growth of aquaculture globally, it is pertinent to update previous reviews to inform management and guide future research. Here, the authors highlight recent research and developments on the impacts, prevention and control of biofouling in shellfish, finfish and seaweed aquaculture, and the significant gaps that still exist in aquaculturalists’ capacity to manage it. Antifouling methods are being explored and developed; these are centred on harnessing naturally occurring antifouling properties, culturing fouling-resistant genotypes, and improving farming strategies by adopting more sensitive and informative monitoring and modelling capabilities together with novel cleaning equipment. While no simple, quick-fix solutions to biofouling management in existing aquaculture industry situations have been developed, the expectation is that effective methods are likely to evolve as aquaculture develops into emerging culture scenarios, which will undoubtedly influence the path for future solutions.
Use of Embedded Clauses in Heritage and Monolingual Russian
Creators: name: Martynova, Maria
name: Zuban, Yulia
name: Gagarina, Natalia
name: Szucsich, Luka
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: heritage Russian
subject: monolingual Russian
subject: embedded clauses
subject: formality
subject: mode
subject: 400 Sprache

description: This study investigates the production of clausal embeddings by 195 Russian speakers (67 monolingually raised speakers, 68 heritage speakers in the US, and 60 heritage speakers in Germany) in different communicative situations varying by formality (formal vs. informal) and mode (spoken vs. written). Semi-spontaneous data were manually annotated for clause type and analyzed using a binomial generalized mixed-effects model. Our results show that heritage speakers of both groups and monolingually raised speakers behave alike regarding their use of embedded clauses. Specifically, all speaker groups produce embedded clauses more frequently in formal situations compared to informal situations. Mode was not found to influence the production of embedded clauses. This behavior suggests an underlying register awareness in heritage speakers of Russian. Such register awareness might be a result of the high involvement of heritage speakers with Russian. This study contributes to our understanding of linguistic outcomes of heritage speakers and highlights the influence of communicative situations on language production.
The Time of Flight System of the AMS-02 Space Experiment
Creators: name: Brocco, L.
name: Casadei, D.
name: Cindolo, F.
name: Contin, A.
name: Laurenti, G.
name: Levi, G.
name: Montanari, A.
name: Palmonari, F.
name: Patuelli, L.
name: Sbarra, C.
name: Zichichi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Time-of-Flight (TOF) system of the AMS detector gives the fast trigger to the read out electronics and measures velocity, direction and charge of the crossing particles. The new version of the detector (called AMS-02) will be installed on the International Space Station on March 2004. The fringing field of the AMS-02 superconducting magnet is $1.0\div2.5$ kG where the photomultiplers (PM) are installed. In order to be able to operate with this residual field, a new type of PM was chosen and the mechanical design was constrained by requiring to minimize the angle between the magnetic field vector and the PM axis. Due to strong field and to the curved light guides, the time resolution will be $150\div180$ ps, while the new electronics will allow for a better charge measurement.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Proc. of 7th Int. Conf. on Adv. Tech. and Part. Phys., 15-19 October 2001,Como (Italy)
Acrotritia rustica
Creators: name: Niedbała, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Euphthiracaridae
Acrotritia
Acrotritia rustica

description: Acrotritia rustica (Niedbała, 1991)
 (Fig. 24 A-G)
 Rhysotritia rustica Niedbała, 1991.
 Rhysotritia rustica: Niedbała 2001.
 Diagnosis — Measurements of specimen from MAG-083: prodorsum: length 232, height 96, setae: ss 66, in 106, le 66, ro 58, ex 15; notogaster: length 459, height 328, setae: c 1 73, c 1 /c 1 -d 1 =0.63, h 1 73, ps 1 68. Specimen from Madagascar are bigger than holotype. Species of medium size; colour yellow; integument punctuate. Prodorsum with one pair of simple, long lateral carinae; sensilli long with oblongly extended head tapered with small barbs, interlamellar, lamellar, rostral setae erect, interlamellar and lamellar spinose, rostral rough; exobothridial setae minute; in > le > ss = ro > ex. Notogaster with fairly short (c 1 /c 1 -d 1 =0.65) setae, finely barbed at distal half; vestigial setae f 1 a little dorsal of setae h 1. Ventral region; 9 pairs of genital setae with formula 8: 1 and 2 pairs of aggenital setae present. Chaetome of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-3-5(2)-5(1), II: 1-3-3(1)- 4(1) III: 2-2-2(1)-3(1), IV: 2-1-2-2(1); all tarsi monodactylous.
Localities in Tanzania: Uluguru and Nguru Mts. Species new to TAN.
Distribution — Species with very strange distribution; known from western Palaearctic (North Europe, Macaronesia and Holo-Mediterranean areas, disjunctive) Afrotropical Region, central part and South Africa.
description: Published as part of Niedbała, Wojciech, 2017, Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Tanzania, pp. 957-1072 in Acarologia 57 (4) on page 993, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20174217, http://zenodo.org/record/5402635
A square-well model for the structural and thermodynamic properties of simple colloidal systems
Creators: name: Acedo, L.
name: Santos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for the radial distribution function $g(r)$ of a square-well fluid of variable width previously proposed [S. B. Yuste and A. Santos, J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 101}, 2355 (1994)] is revisited and simplified. The model provides an explicit expression for the Laplace transform of $rg(r)$, the coefficients being given as explicit functions of the density, the temperature, and the interaction range. In the limits corresponding to hard spheres and sticky hard spheres the model reduces to the analytical solutions of the Percus-Yevick equation for those potentials. The results can be useful to describe in a fully analytical way the structural and thermodynamic behavior of colloidal suspensions modeled as hard-core particles with a short-range attraction. Comparison with computer simulation data shows a general good agreement, even for relatively wide wells.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures; Figs. 4 and 5 changed, Fig. 6 new; to be published in J. Chem. Phys
X-Ray CT Reconstruction of Additively Manufactured Parts using 2.5D Deep Learning MBIR
Creators: name: Ziabari, Amirkoushyar
name: Kirka, Michael
name: Paquit, Vincent
name: Bingham, Philip
name: Venkatakrishnan, Singanallur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we present a deep learning algorithm to rapidly obtain high quality CT reconstructions for AM parts. In particular, we propose to use CAD models of the parts that are to be manufactured, introduce typical defects and simulate XCT measurements. These simulated measurements were processed using FBP (computationally simple but result in noisy images) and the MBIR technique. We then train a 2.5D deep convolutional neural network [4], deemed 2.5D Deep Learning MBIR (2.5D DL-MBIR), on these pairs of noisy and high-quality 3D volumes to learn a fast, non-linear mapping function. The 2.5D DL-MBIR reconstructs a 3D volume in a 2.5D scheme where each slice is reconstructed from multiple inputs slices of the FBP input. Given this trained system, we can take a small set of measurements on an actual part, process it using a combination of FBP followed by 2.5D DL-MBIR. Both steps can be rapidly performed using GPUs, resulting in a real-time algorithm that achieves the high-quality of MBIR as fast as standard techniques. Intuitively, since CAD models are typically available for parts to be manufactured, this provides a strong constraint "prior" which can be leveraged to improve the reconstruction.
Solvent effects on radical copolymerization of acrylonitrile and methyl acrylate: solvent polarity and solvent-monomer interaction
Creators: name: Hao, Jian
name: An, Feng
name: Chunxiang Lu
name: Yaodong Liu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: New insights for the effects of organic solvent polarities and solvent-monomer interactions on the radical copolymerization for an important copolymer, poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl acrylate) (PAN-co-MA), were provided in this research. Solvents, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), were used as reaction media. The polarity of these solvents was in the sequence of DMAc
Amplification of intense light fields by nearly free electrons
Creators: name: Matthews, Mary
name: Morales, Felipe
name: Patas, Alexander
name: Lindinger, Albrecht
name: Gateau, Julien
name: Berti, Nicolas
name: Hermelin, Sylvain
name: Kasparian, Jérôme
name: Richter, Maria
name: Bredtmann, Timm
name: Smirnova, Olga
name: Wolf, Jean-Pierre
name: Ivanov, Misha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic and molecular interactions with photons
subject: Exotic atoms and molecules
subject: Ultrafast photonics
subject: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics::530 Physics::539 Modern physics

description: Light can be used to modify and control properties of media, as in the case of electromagnetically induced transparency or, more recently, for the generation of slow light or bright coherent extreme ultraviolet and X-ray radiation. Particularly unusual states of matter can be created by light fields with strengths comparable to the Coulomb field that binds valence electrons in atoms, leading to nearly free electrons oscillating in the laser field and yet still loosely bound to the core1,2. These are known as Kramers–Henneberger states3, a specific example of laser-dressed states2. Here, we demonstrate that these states arise not only in isolated atoms4,5, but also in rare gases, at and above atmospheric pressure, where they can act as a gain medium during laser filamentation. Using shaped laser pulses, gain in these states is achieved within just a few cycles of the guided field. The corresponding lasing emission is a signature of population inversion in these states and of their stability against ionization. Our work demonstrates that these unusual states of neutral atoms can be exploited to create a general ultrafast gain mechanism during laser filamentation.
LHC highlights and prospects
Creators: name: Gerber, C.E.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: School Proceedings
Year: 2021

description: These lectures were presented at the 2019 CERN–Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics. They were centered on the experimental methods used in hadron colliders to advance our understanding in the field of high-energy particle physics. From accelerators, to particle detector technologies, object identification and data analyses techniques, the lectures did not attempt to provide a comprehensive, in-depth technical background, but rather focused on an overview of experimental techniques that enabled our advances in supporting and challenging the predictions of the Standard Model. This document includes a selection of the material presented in the lectures, focusing on how advances in detector technologies and object identification enabled the development of increasingly sophisticated data analysis techniques. This write-up also includes an outlook to the future LHC program and beyond.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: School Proceedings, Vol. 2 (2021): Proceedings of the 2019 CERN–Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics, Villa General Belgrano, Argentina, 13–26 March 2019
Projectile motion without calculus
Creators: name: Rizcallah, Joseph A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Projectile motion is a constant theme in introductory-physics courses. It is often used to illustrate the application of differential and integral calculus. While most of the problems used for this purpose, such as maximizing the range, are kept at a fairly elementary level, some, such as determining the safe domain, involve not so elementary techniques, which can hardly be assumed of the targeted audience. In the literature, several attempts have been undertaken to avoid calculus altogether and keep the exposition entirely within the realm of algebra and/or geometry. In this paper, we propose yet another non-calculus approach which uses the projectile's travel times to shed new light on these problems and provide instructors with an alternate method to address them with their students.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, typos corrected
title: Do Couples Pool Their Income?
title: Evidence from Demand System Estimation for Germany
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Beznoska, Martin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Income Pooling
subject: Intra-Household Allocation
subject: Consumer Demand
subject: QUAIDS
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Whether couples pool their resources and behave like a unit or spend their income individually is crucial for social and tax policy. In this paper, I provide a test of the income pooling hypothesis using administrative cross-sectional survey data on expenditures and individual incomes of couple households in Germany. The test is performed within the Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) framework, which allows for an endogenous expenditure budget and endogenous individual income contribution shares in an instrumental variables approach. Although the hypothesis is broadly rejected, there are significant differences regarding the marital status, the presence of at least one child in the household and whether the household is located in a former West or East German federal state. Married couples and couples with children are closer to the acceptance of the hypothesis than unmarried couples without children.
Acrotritia spiculifera
Creators: name: Niedbała, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Euphthiracaridae
Acrotritia
Acrotritia spiculifera

description: Acrotritia spiculifera (Mahunka, 1991)
 (Fig. 25 A-F)
 Rhysotritia clavata spiculifera Mahunka, 1991.
 Rhysotritia spiculifera: Niedbała 2001.
 Diagnosis — Measurements of paratype: prodorsum: length 205, height 83, width 157; setae: ss 56, in 88, le 63, ro 48, ex 8; notogaster: length 414, height and width 252, setae: c 1 45, c 1 /c 1 -d 1 =0.5, h 1 56, ps 1 53; length of genitoaggenital plate 144; length of anoadanal plate 182. Medium-sized species: colour yellow; surface of body punctuated. Prodorsum with simple lateral carinae; sensilli with well-separated, claviform head covered with small spines; other setae, with exception of exobothridial, ciliate; in > le > ss > ro > ex. Notogaster with relatively short setae (c 1 < c 1 - d 1). Ventral region; 9 pairs of genital and 2 pairs of aggenital setae; anal and adanal setae, except minute an 3, similar in length. Tarsi of legs monodactylous.
 Remark — This species differs from a very similar A. clavata (Märkel, 1964) only by the presence of 9 pairs of genital setae (versus 6 pairs of genital setae).
Locality in Tanzania: Nguru Mts. Species new to TAN.
Distribution — Pantropical species.
description: Published as part of Niedbała, Wojciech, 2017, Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Tanzania, pp. 957-1072 in Acarologia 57 (4) on pages 993-997, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20174217, http://zenodo.org/record/5402635
Soft versus Hard Dynamics for Field-driven Solid-on-Solid Interfaces
Creators: name: Rikvold, Per Arne
name: Kolesik, Miroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical arguments and dynamic Monte Carlo simulations show that the microstructure of field-driven Solid-on-Solid interfaces depends strongly on the dynamics. For nonconservative dynamics with transition rates that factorize into parts dependent only on the changes in interaction energy and field energy, respectively (soft dynamics), the intrinsic interface width is field-independent. For non-factorizing rates, such as the standard Glauber and Metropolis algorithms (hard dynamics), it increases with the field. Consequences for the interface velocity and its anisotropy are discussed.
description: 9 pages LaTex with imbedded .eps figs. Minor revisions
Current oscillations in a metallic ring threaded by a time-dependent magnetic flux
Creators: name: Arrachea, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a mesoscopic metallic ring threaded by a magnetic flux which varies linearly in time PhiM(t)=Phi t with a formalism based in Baym-Kadanoff-Keldysh non-equilibrium Green functions. We propose a method to calculate the Green functions in real space and we consider an experimental setup to investigate the dynamics of the ring by recourse to a transport experiment. This consists in a single lead connecting the ring to a particle reservoir. We show that different dynamical regimes are attained depending on the ratio hbar Phi/Phi0 W, being Phi0=h c/e and W, the bandwidth of the ring. For moderate lengths of the ring, a stationary regime is achieved for hbar Phi/Phi0 >W. In the opposite case with hbar Phi/Phi0 < W, the effect of Bloch oscillations driven by the induced electric field manifests itself in the transport properties of the system. In particular, we show that in this time-dependent regime a tunneling current oscillating in time with a period tau=2piPhi0/Phi can be measured in the lead. We also analyze the resistive effect introduced by inelastic scattering due to the coupling to the external reservoir.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
Flavour dynamics and violations of the CP symmetry
Creators: name: Pich, A.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: School Proceedings
Year: 2021

description: An overview of flavour physics and CP-violating phenomena is presented. The Standard Model quark-mixing mechanism is discussed in detail and its many successful experimental tests are summarized. Flavour-changing transitions put very stringent constraints on new-physics scenarios beyond the Standard Model framework. Special attention is given to the empirical evidences of CP violation and their important role in our understanding of flavour dynamics. The current status of the so-called flavour anomalies is also reviewed.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: School Proceedings, Vol. 2 (2021): Proceedings of the 2019 CERN–Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics, Villa General Belgrano, Argentina, 13–26 March 2019
Non-relativistic symmetries in three space-time dimensions and the Nappi-Witten algebra
Creators: name: Peñafiel, Diego M.
name: Salgado-Rebolledo, Patricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Extended Bargmann and Newton-Hooke algebras in 2+1 dimensions can be obtained as expansions of the Nappi-Witten algebra. The result can be generalized to obtain two infinite families of non-relativistic symmetries, which include the Maxwellian Exotic Bargmann symmetry, its generalized Newton-Hooke counterpart, and its Hietarinta dual. In each case, the invariant bilinear form on the Nappi-Witten algebra leads to the invariant tensor on the expanded algebra, allowing one to construct the corresponding Chern-Simons gravity theory.
description: 19 pages
MOESM1 of TIPE2 acts as a biomarker for tumor aggressiveness and suppresses cell invasiveness in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC)
Creators: name: Jia, Wenyu
name: Li, Zequn
name: Chen, Junyu
name: Sun, Lei
name: Liu, Chuanqian
name: Wang, Shaping
name: Chi, Jingwei
name: Niu, Jun
name: Lai, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for the detection of PTC and tumor infiltration using TIPE2 expression.
Heavy-ion physics: freedom to do hot, dense, exciting QCD
Creators: name: Tejeda-Yeomans, M.E.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: School Proceedings
Year: 2021

description: In these two lectures I review the basics of heavy-ion collisions at relativistic energies and the physics we can do with them. I aim to cover the basics on the kinematics and observables in heavy-ion collider experiments, the basics on the phenomenology of the nuclear matter phase diagram, some of the model building and simulations currently used in the heavy-ion physics community and a selected list of amazing phenomenological discoveries and predictions.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: School Proceedings, Vol. 2 (2021): Proceedings of the 2019 CERN–Latin-American School of High-Energy Physics, Villa General Belgrano, Argentina, 13–26 March 2019
General Convolutional Sparse Coding with Unknown Noise
Creators: name: Wang, Yaqing
name: Kwok, James T.
name: Ni, Lionel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional sparse coding (CSC) can learn representative shift-invariant patterns from multiple kinds of data. However, existing CSC methods can only model noises from Gaussian distribution, which is restrictive and unrealistic. In this paper, we propose a general CSC model capable of dealing with complicated unknown noise. The noise is now modeled by Gaussian mixture model, which can approximate any continuous probability density function. We use the expectation-maximization algorithm to solve the problem and design an efficient method for the weighted CSC problem in maximization step. The crux is to speed up the convolution in the frequency domain while keeping the other computation involving weight matrix in the spatial domain. Besides, we simultaneously update the dictionary and codes by nonconvex accelerated proximal gradient algorithm without bringing in extra alternating loops. The resultant method obtains comparable time and space complexity compared with existing CSC methods. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real noisy biomedical data sets validate that our method can model noise effectively and obtain high-quality filters and representation.
Mythos Praxis um jeden Preis? Die Wurzeln und Modellierung des Lehr-Lern-Labors
Creators: name: Rehfeldt, Daniel
name: Seibert, David
name: Klempin, Christiane
name: Lücke, Martin
name: Sambanis, Michaela
name: Nordmeier, Volkhard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Lehr-Lern-Labor
subject: Lehr-Lern-Labor-Seminar
subject: Lehramtsausbildung
subject: Lehramtsstudium
subject: Praxisrelevanz
subject: Reflexion
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::378 Hochschulbildung

description: Lehr-Lern-Labor-Seminare sind seit vielen Jahren in der Naturwissenschaftsdidaktik und seit kurzem auch in der geisteswissenschaftlichen Didaktik anzutreffende universitäre Seminarkonzepte, die mehrmalige Schüler*innenbesuche an der Universität implementieren. Diese bewirken auf den ersten Blick eine Erhöhung der Praxisanteile im Lehramtsstudium, die dem Wunsch nach mehr Praxis vieler Studierender entgegenzukommen scheint und dem zu theoretisch anmutenden Lehramtsstudium entgegenwirkt. Analysiert man die Situation allerdings genauer, so erscheint nicht ein „mehr“ an Praxis, sondern „bessere“ d.h. mit Theorie vernetzte, reflektierte Praxis als wünschenswert für eine moderne, adäquate Lehramtsausbildung in der ersten Phase. Die Lehr-Lern-Labor-Seminare können eine solche, „bessere“ Praxis bieten, sie müssen allerdings eine Reihe von Kriterien erfüllen. Hierzu zählt nicht nur eine längst überfällig erscheinende Definition und theoretische Modellierung des Lehrformats, sondern auch die explizite Einbettung theoretischer und reflexiver Phasen. Ersteres wird in diesem Beitrag erarbeitet und vorgestellt, letzteres bedarf einer empirischen Prüfung, die auch im Lehr-Lern-Labor-Seminar-Projekt der Freien Universität Berlin vorgenommen wird.
CP Violation in the B0 meson system with BaBar
Creators: name: Weatherall, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BABAR detector, at the PEP-II asymmetric B Factory at SLAC collected a sample of 32 million BBbar pairs whilst operating at energies near the Upsilon(4S) resonance between October 1999 and May 2001. An study of time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in events where one neutral B meson is fully reconstructed in a final state containing charmonium produced the measurement sin2beta = 0.59 +- 0.14 (stat) +- 0.05 (syst), which constitutes an observation of CP violation in the B0 meson system at the 4 sigma level. Also presented are preliminary results from a study of CP violation in the decays B0 to pi+pi- and B0 to K+pi-.
description: 9 pages, 3 postscript figues, submitted to 7th Topical Seminar on Legacy of LEP and SLC
Field-Dependent Tilt and Birefringence of Electroclinic Liquid Crystals: Theory and Experiment
Creators: name: Selinger, J. V.
name: Collings, P. J.
name: Shashidhar, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An unresolved issue in the theory of liquid crystals is the molecular basis of the electroclinic effect in the smectic-A phase. Recent x-ray scattering experiments suggest that, in a class of siloxane-containing liquid crystals, an electric field changes a state of disordered molecular tilt in random directions into a state of ordered tilt in one direction. To investigate this issue, we measure the optical tilt and birefringence of these liquid crystals as functions of field and temperature, and we develop a theory for the distribution of molecular orientations under a field. Comparison of theory and experiment confirms that these materials have a disordered distribution of molecular tilt directions that is aligned by an electric field, giving a large electroclinic effect. It also shows that the net dipole moment of a correlated volume of molecules, a key parameter in the theory, scales as a power law near the smectic-A--smectic-C transition.
description: 18 pages, including 9 postscript figures, uses REVTeX 3.0 and epsf.sty
Targeted metabolomics analysis of the eye tissue of triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice at an early pathological stage
Creators: name: Shen, Liming
name: Tang, Xiaoxiao
name: Zhang, Huajie
name: Zhuang, Hongbin
name: Lin, Jing
name: Zhao, Yuxi
name: Liu, Xukun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified

description:   
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious neurodegenerative disease in people of age 65 years and older. The detailed etiology and pathogenesis of AD have not been elucidated yet today. In this study, the eye tissue of 2- and 6-month-old triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease (3×Tg-AD) male mice and age-sex-matched wild-type (WT) mice were analyzed using a targeted metabolomics approach. Compared with WT mice, 20 and 44 metabolites were identified as differential metabolites respectively in 2- and 6-month-old AD mice groups. Among them, 8 metabolites presented differences both in the two groups, and 5 of them showed a consistent changing trend. These differential metabolites were found associated with Purine metabolism, Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, Pyruvate metabolism, Lysine degradation, Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis, and Pyrimidine metabolism pathways. The results suggest that the eye tissue of AD mice has changed in the early stages of the disease, which is similar to the result of our previous targeted metabolomics analysis of the hippocampus. Although the differential metabolites in the two tissues were different, compared with WT mice, the results showed that the differential metabolites can already be observed in the two tissues of AD mice compared with WT mice at the age of 2 months, and were more obvious at the age of 6 months. These results reveal from the metabolite perspective that the eye and hippocampus of AD mice have changed at an early age. The differential metabolites and the mechanisms associated with them are both similar and tissue-specific.
Fast Solar Image Classification Using Deep Learning and its Importance for Automation in Solar Physics
Creators: name: Armstrong, John A.
name: Fletcher, Lyndsay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The volume of data being collected in solar physics has exponentially increased over the past decade and with the introduction of the $\textit{Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope}$ (DKIST) we will be entering the age of petabyte solar data. Automated feature detection will be an invaluable tool for post-processing of solar images to create catalogues of data ready for researchers to use. We propose a deep learning model to accomplish this; a deep convolutional neural network is adept at feature extraction and processing images quickly. We train our network using data from $\textit{Hinode/Solar Optical Telescope}$ (SOT) H$α$ images of a small subset of solar features with different geometries: filaments, prominences, flare ribbons, sunspots and the quiet Sun ($\textit{i.e.}$ the absence of any of the other four features). We achieve near perfect performance on classifying unseen images from SOT ($\approx$99.9\%) in 4.66 seconds. We also for the first time explore transfer learning in a solar context. Transfer learning uses pre-trained deep neural networks to help train new deep learning models $\textit{i.e.}$ it teaches a new model. We show that our network is robust to changes in resolution by degrading images from SOT resolution ($\approx$0.33$^{\prime \prime}$ at $λ$=6563Å) to $\textit{Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly}$ (SDO/AIA) resolution ($\approx$1.2$^{\prime \prime}$) without a change in performance of our network. However, we also observe where the network fails to generalise to sunspots from SDO/AIA bands 1600/1700Å due to small-scale brightenings around the sunspots and prominences in SDO/AIA 304Å due to coronal emission.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Perú 2018: hacia una Educación Intercultural Bilingüe sentipensante
Creators: name: Canaza-Choque, Franklin Américo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education

description: En el presente se busca prescribir los distintos rasgos culturales del cual se codifica el país de países: Perú, en un marco de trasmutación capitalista neo extractivo y de cambio climático. El estudio se desdobla dentro del paradigma cualitativo de revisión teórica. En ese tránsito, es insoslayable afianzar una Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) sentipensante como agenda en la constitución de un proyecto comunitario que englobe saberes y sentires fronterizos sobre una superficie desigual y excluyente. En tal razón, se apuesta por una EIB que pueda llegar a las regiones en donde el vivir de los distintos mundos necesitan interconectarse. Así como también, en plena mutación-mundo,
Acrotritia vestita
Creators: name: Niedbała, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Euphthiracaridae
Acrotritia
Acrotritia vestita

description: Acrotritia vestita (Berlese, 1913)
 (Fig. 26 A-C)
 Rhysotritia anchistea Niedbała, 1998 syn. by Niedbała 2000.
 Rhysotritia bifurcata Niedbała, 1993 syn. by Niedbała 2000.
 Rhysotritia niedbalai Balogh et Balogh, 2002 syn. by Niedbała 2006b.
 Rhysotritia comteae Mahunka, 1983 syn. by Subías 2004
 Rhysotritia comteae: Niedbała 2001.
 Acrotritia vestita: Niedbała & Ermilov 2014.
 Diagnosis — Measurements: length of prodorsum 220-240; length of notogaster: 440-480. Species of medium size; colour light brown, brown; integument punctate. Prodorsum with one pair of lateral carinae bifurcated at the distal end; sensilli with distinct head covered with numerous small spines; interlamellar, lamellar and rostral setae rigid, erect covered with small spines in distal half; interlamellar setae longer than rostral and lamellar setae; exobothridial setae minute; in > ss > le > ro > ex; distance between lamellar setae almost the same as distance between rostral setae. Notogaster with setae covered with small spines in distal half. Ventral region; 9 pairs of genital and 2 pairs of aggenital setae present. Chaetome of legs (without tarsi): I: 1-3-4(2)- 5(1), II: 1-4-3(1)-4(1), III: 2-2-2(1)-3(1), IV: 2-1-2-2(1); tarsi of legs I bidactylous, tarsi II-IV heterotridactylous.
 1-3
Localities in Tanzania: Arusha Region: Niedbała 2008a; Uluguru and Nguru Mts.
Distribution — Pantropical species.
description: Published as part of Niedbała, Wojciech, 2017, Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Tanzania, pp. 957-1072 in Acarologia 57 (4) on page 997, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20174217, http://zenodo.org/record/5402635
Smearing of charge fluctuations in a grain by spin-flip assisted tunneling
Creators: name: Hur, Karyn Le
name: Simon, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the charge fluctuations of a grain (large dot) coupled to a lead via a small quantum dot in the Kondo regime. We show that the strong entanglement of charge and spin flips in this setup can result in a stable SU(4) Kondo fixed point, which considerably smears out the Coulomb staircase behavior already in the weak tunneling limit. This behavior is robust enough to be experimentally observable.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, final version for PRB Rapid Comm
An Algorithm for the Visualization of Relevant Patterns in Astronomical Light Curves
Creators: name: Pieringer, Christian
name: Pichara, Karim
name: Catelán, Márcio
name: Protopapas, Pavlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 85-08

description: Within the last years, the classification of variable stars with Machine Learning has become a mainstream area of research. Recently, visualization of time series is attracting more attention in data science as a tool to visually help scientists to recognize significant patterns in complex dynamics. Within the Machine Learning literature, dictionary-based methods have been widely used to encode relevant parts of image data. These methods intrinsically assign a degree of importance to patches in pictures, according to their contribution in the image reconstruction. Inspired by dictionary-based techniques, we present an approach that naturally provides the visualization of salient parts in astronomical light curves, making the analogy between image patches and relevant pieces in time series. Our approach encodes the most meaningful patterns such that we can approximately reconstruct light curves by just using the encoded information. We test our method in light curves from the OGLE-III and StarLight databases. Our results show that the proposed model delivers an automatic and intuitive visualization of relevant light curve parts, such as local peaks and drops in magnitude.
description: Accepted 2019 January 8. Received 2019 January 8; in original form 2018 January 29. 7 pages, 6 figures
Canuschiza insularis Lacroix 1999
Creators: name: Sehnal, Richard
name: Král, David
name: Bezděk, Aleš
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melolonthidae
Canuschiza
Canuschiza insularis

description: Checklist of Canuschiza insularis species group
 C. adah sp. nov. wadi Adah
 C. croton sp. nov. Diksam plateau: wadi Esgego, wadi Zerig
 C. dracaena sp. nov. Diksam plateau: Firmihin, wadi Zerig
 C. firmihin sp. nov. Diksam plateau: Diksam lake; Firmihin
 C. hagher sp. nov. Hagher Mts.: area of Mt. Skand
 C. insularis Lacroix, 1999 widely distributed:Aloove, Ayhaft, Esgego, Firmihin, Hadibo, Hamadero, Irisseyl, Kaza Kazihon, Shuab
 C. jatropha sp. nov. Diksam plateau: Firmihin; wadi Zerig
 C. skand sp. nov. Hagher Mts.: area of Mt. Skand
description: Published as part of Sehnal, Richard, Král, David & Bezděk, Aleš, 2014, Canuschiza of Socotra Island (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) Part 1. Canuschiza insularis species group, pp. 139-171 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 54 on page 170, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5312012
Additional file 1: of Efficacy and safety of Tripterygium wilfordii hook F for chronic urticaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Liu, Liu
name: Zhao, Huaibo
name: Sun, Xiaoying
name: Zheng, Qi
name: Luo, Ying
name: Ru, Yi
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Chen, Xi
name: Zhu, Bo
name: Yin, Chengqian
name: Li, Bin
name: Li, Xin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Table S1. PRISMA checklist. (DOC 69 kb)
Assessing the impact of a future volcanic eruption on decadal predictions
Creators: name: Illing, Sebastian
name: Kadow, Christopher
name: Pohlmann, Holger
name: Timmreck, Claudia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: climate system
subject: volcanic eruption
subject: prediction system
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The likelihood of a large volcanic eruption in the future provides the largest uncertainty concerning the evolution of the climate system on the timescale of a few years, but also an excellent opportunity to learn about the behavior of the climate system, and our models thereof. So the following question emerges: how predictable is the response of the climate system to future eruptions? By this we mean to what extent will the volcanic perturbation affect decadal climate predictions and how does the pre-eruption climate state influence the impact of the volcanic signal on the predictions? To address these questions, we performed decadal forecasts with the MiKlip prediction system, which is based on the MPI-ESM, in the low-resolution configuration for the initialization years 2012 and 2014, which differ in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase. Each forecast contains an artificial Pinatubo-like eruption starting in June of the first prediction year and consists of 10 ensemble members. For the construction of the aerosol radiative forcing, we used the global aerosol model ECHAM5-HAM in a version adapted for volcanic eruptions. We investigate the response of different climate variables, including near-surface air temperature, precipitation, frost days, and sea ice area fraction. Our results show that the average global cooling response over 4 years of about 0.2 K and the precipitation decrease of about 0.025 mm day−1 is relatively robust throughout the different experiments and seemingly independent of the initialization state. However, on a regional scale, we find substantial differences between the initializations. The cooling effect in the North Atlantic and Europe lasts longer and the Arctic sea ice increase is stronger in the simulations initialized in 2014. In contrast, the forecast initialized in 2012 with a negative PDO shows a prolonged cooling in the North Pacific basin.
Surface Magnetic Phase Diagram of Tetragonal Manganites
Creators: name: Fang, Zhong
name: Terakura, Kiyoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To gain insights into the fundamental and characteristic features of the surface of doped manganites, we constructed a general magnetic phase diagram of La$_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$MnO$_3$ (001) surfaces in the plane spanned by $x$ and the bulk tetragonal distortion $c/a$, from the first-principles calculations. We found that the surfaces are quite different from the bulk in the sense that both the (La, Sr)O and MnO$_2$ terminated surfaces show strong tendency toward antiferromagnetism (A-type and C-type respectively). The basic physics governing the phase diagram can be understood in terms of the surface orbital polarizations. It is also found that the strong surface segregation of Sr atoms is mostly caused by the electrostatic interaction and will further enhance the tendency to surface antiferromagnetism.
description: 3 figures
Microtritia Markel 1964
Creators: name: Niedbała, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Euphthiracaridae
Microtritia

description: Microtritia Märkel, 1964
 Microtritia: Aoki 1980b, Balogh and Mahunka 1983, Mahunka 1990 a, Subías 2004
 Type species — Phthiracarus minimus Berlese, 1904
 Diagnosis — Cuticular surface of body finely porose. Prodorsum without median crista, with one pair of lateral carinae; bothridial scales situated above the bothridia; posterior median apodeme present; lamellar and rostral setae in median (paraxial) position; interlamellar setae situated near the bothridia. Notogaster with 14 pairs of setae; setae of row ps situated almost in one line; terminal sinus or terminal fissure at posterior end present; one pair of openings of lateral opisthonotal glands (gla) and 5 pairs of lyrifissures: ia, im, ip, ips, ih present. Ventral region; palps three-segmented with formula: (1-2)-1-(7-8)(1); genitoaggenital and anoadanal plates completely fused; anogenital cleft present; one median interlocking triangle present. Legs: each trochanter with one seta; genua IV without solenidia; setae d on tibiae IV coupled with solenidion; solenidia ř 1 and ř 2 without coupled setae; famuli located far from solenidia; all tarsi monodactylous.
Distribution — Semicosmopolitan.
description: Published as part of Niedbała, Wojciech, 2017, Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Tanzania, pp. 957-1072 in Acarologia 57 (4) on page 997, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20174217, http://zenodo.org/record/5402635