cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Political Flexibility of the Self-Fulfilling Prophecy
Creators: name: Brandmayr, Federico
Publisher: name: Sociologica
Year: 2023

description: The article analyzes Robert K. Merton’s theory of the self-fulfilling prophecy, focusing on how the theory was used in US legal proceedings after 1954 concerning how state authorities should enforce racial desegregation in public schools. In those encounters, Merton's theory was used to support both immediate integration of schools and a much more gradualist reform program. The article argues that the self-fulfilling prophecy served opposite political ends because of its endogenous properties, notably its generality and ambiguity, and because of certain exogenous factors, notably the adversarial nature of U.S. court proceedings and the different political cultures that theory users inhabited.
description: Sociologica, Vol. 16 No. 3 (2022)
A geometric characterisation of toric varieties
Creators: name: Brown, Morgan
name: McKernan, James
name: Svaldi, Roberto
name: Zong, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E30

description: We prove a conjecture of Shokurov which characterises toric varieties using log pairs.
description: 40 pages
Planetary Signatures in the SAO 206462 (HD 135344B) Disk: A Spiral Arm Passing Through Vortex?
Creators: name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Hartmann, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disk surrounding SAO 206462, an 8 Myr-old Herbig Ae star, has recently been reported to exhibit spiral arms, an asymmetric dust continuum, and a dust-depleted inner cavity. By carrying out two-dimensional, two-fluid hydrodynamic calculations, we find that a planetary-mass companion located at the outer disk could be responsible for these observed structures. In this model, the planet excites primary and secondary arms interior to its orbit. It also carves a gap and generates a local pressure bump at the inner gap edge where a vortex forms through Rossby wave instability. The vortex traps radially drifting dust particles, forming a dust-depleted cavity in the inner disk. We propose that the vortex is responsible for the brightest southwestern peak seen in infrared scattered light and sub-millimeter dust continuum emission. In particular, it is possible that the scattered light is boosted as one of the spiral arms passes through the high density vortex region, although the vortex alone may be able to explain the peak. We suggest that a planetary companion with a mass of 10-15 M_J is orbiting SAO 206462 at 100-120 au. Monitoring of the brightest peak over the next few years will help reveal its origin because the spiral arms and vortex will show distinguishable displacement.
description: proof version
Understanding the nature of the heavy pentaquarks and searching for them in pion-induced reactions
Creators: name: Liu, Xiao-Hai
name: Oka, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the reaction $π^- p \to π^- J/ψp$ via the open-charm hadron rescattering diagrams. Due to the presence of the triangle singularity (TS) in the rescattering amplitudes, the TS peaks can simulate the pentaquark-like resonances arising in the $J/ψp$ invariant mass distributions, which may bring ambiguities on our understanding of the nature of the exotic states. Searching for the heavy pentaquark in different processes may help us to clarify the ambiguities, because of the highly process-dependent characteristic of the TS mechanism.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables
A protosolar nebula origin for the ices agglomerated by Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Creators: name: Mousis, O.
name: Lunine, J. I.
name: Luspay-Kuti, A.
name: Guillot, T.
name: Marty, B.
name: Ali-Dib, M.
name: Wurz, P.
name: Altwegg, K.
name: Bieler, A.
name: Hässig, M.
name: Rubin, M.
name: Vernazza, P.
name: Waite, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the icy material accreted by comets during their formation in the outer regions of the protosolar nebula is a major open question in planetary science. Some scenarios of comet formation predict that these bodies agglomerated from crystalline ices condensed in the protosolar nebula. Concurrently, alternative scenarios suggest that comets accreted amorphous ice originating from the interstellar cloud or from the very distant regions of the protosolar nebula. On the basis of existing laboratory and modeling data, we find that the N$_2$/CO and Ar/CO ratios measured in the coma of the Jupiter family comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by the ROSINA instrument aboard the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft match those predicted for gases trapped in clathrates. If these measurements are representative of the bulk N$_2$/CO and Ar/CO ratios in 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, it implies that the ices accreted by the comet formed in the nebula and do not originate from the interstellar medium, supporting the idea that the building blocks of outer solar system bodies have been formed from clathrates and possibly from pure crystalline ices. Moreover, because 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is impoverished in Ar and N$_2$, the volatile enrichments observed in Jupiter's atmosphere cannot be explained solely via the accretion of building blocks with similar compositions and require an additional delivery source. A potential source may be the accretion of gas from the nebula that has been progressively enriched in heavy elements due to photoevaporation.
description: The Astrophysical Journal Letters, in press
title: The Validity of Using High Resolution Digital Image Correlation to Investigate the Influence of Stacking Fault Energies on Deformation Mechanics
Creators: name: Cheney, Suzanne
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: When placing metallic components in safety-critical environments, such as nuclear reactors, it is important to be able to accurately predict their service lifetime. For these predictions to be reliable in safety-critical environments they need to accommodate behaviour at the microscale as well as the macroscale. Micro-scale strain development can be measured during mechanical loading and then used to help predict failure within such components.

 In this thesis, neutron diffraction (ND) was used to measure bulk-scale lattice strains for grains with orientations that correlate to the diffraction peaks. However, ND is expensive and only available at several national facilities. Therefore, high-resolution digital image correlation (HR-DIC) has been proposed as a cheaper and more accessible alternative. This project therefore compares the strain data collected from both ND and HR-DIC to evaluate the effectiveness of using HR-DIC as a bulk grain-scale technique.

 To evaluate the effectiveness of HR-DIC as a bulk strain measurement technique, the effect of stacking fault energy (SFE) on deformation mechanics was selected as a comparable phenomenon. The materials were selected to represent a range of stacking fault energy, stainless steel 316 (SS316), INVAR and pure nickel. The samples were prepared to be tested in both in situ neutron diffraction tensile tests and in situ HR-DIC tensile tests, with post-mortem EBSD analysis performed on the neutron diffraction samples to investigate EBSD metrics.

 For the SS316 sample, the HR-DIC showed three distinct orientation peaks, showing that the technique was able to accurately distinguish and divide the data into the orientation subsets. The 111-, 220-, and 200-orientation subsets show a broader range of strain behaviour in the low SFE materials (SS316 and INVAR) compared to the high SFE material (nickel). This was in good agreement with the results of the neutron diffraction tests and the EBSD metric analysis.
Risk perception of climate change: Empirical evidence for Germany
Creators: name: Frondel, Manuel
name: Simora, Michael
name: Sommer, Stephan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: damage experience
subject: generalized ordered logit
subject: natural hazards
subject: 310
subject: 330
subject: 620

description: The perception of risks resulting from climate change is a key factor in motivating individual adaptation and prevention behavior, as well as for the support of climate policy measures. Using a generalized ordered logit approach and drawing on a unique data set originating from two surveys conducted in 2012 and 2014, each among more than 6,000 German households, we analyze the determinants of individual risk perception associated with three kinds of natural hazards: heat waves, storms, and floods. Our focus is on the role of objective risk measures and experience with these natural hazards, whose frequency is likely to be affected by climate change. In line with the received literature, the results suggest that personal experience with adverse events and, even more importantly, personal damage therefrom are strong drivers of individual risk perception.
description: Discussion Paper / SFB823;33, 2016
SupplementaryInfo_Fowleretal_MBBR.docx from Biofilm thickness controls the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic processes in microbial community assembly in moving bed biofilm reactors
Creators: name: Fowler, S. Jane
name: Torresi, Elena
name: Dechesne, Arnaud
name: Smets, Barth F.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biotechnology

description: Deterministic and stochastic processes are believed to play a combined role in microbial community assembly, though little is known about the factors determining their relative importance. We investigated the effect of biofilm thickness on community assembly in nitrifying moving bed biofilm reactors using biofilm carriers where maximum biofilm thickness is controlled. We examined the contribution of stochastic and deterministic processes to biofilm assembly in a steady state system using neutral community modelling and community diversity analysis with a null-modelling approach. Our results indicate that the formation of biofilms results in habitat filtration, causing selection for phylogenetically closely related community members, resulting in a substantial enrichment of Nitrospira spp. in the biofilm communities. Stochastic assembly processes were more prevalent in biofilms 200 µm and thicker, while stronger selection in thinner (50 µm) biofilms could be driven by hydrodynamic and shear forces at the biofilm surface. Thicker biofilms exhibited greater phylogenetic beta-diversity, which may be driven by a variable selection regime caused by variation in environmental conditions between replicate carrier communities, or by drift combined with low migration rates resulting in stochastic historical contingency during community establishment. Our results indicate that assembly processes vary with biofilm thickness, contributing to our understanding of biofilm ecology and potentially paving the way towards strategies for microbial community management in biofilm systems.
Effects of $c/a$ Anisotropy and Local Crystal Structure on Superconductivity in $A\mathrm{Fe_{2}}(\mathrm{As}_{1-x}\mathrm{P}_{x}\mathrm{)_{2}}$ ($A$=Ba$_{1-y}$Sr$_y$, Sr$_{1-y}$Ca$_y$ and Eu)
Creators: name: Adachi, Toru
name: Nakamatsu, Yusuke
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuya
name: Miyasaka, Shigeki
name: Tajima, Setsuko
name: Ichimiya, Masayoshi
name: Ashida, Masaaki
name: Sagayama, Hajime
name: Nakao, Hironori
name: Kumai, Reiji
name: Murakami, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the effects of $c/a$ anisotropy and local crystal structure on superconductivity (SC) in As/P solid solution systems, $A\mathrm{Fe_{2}}(\mathrm{As}_{1-x}\mathrm{P}_{x}\mathrm{)_{2}}$ ($A$122P) with various $A$ ions. With decreasing $A$ site atomic size from $A$=Ba to Eu, the structural anisotropy decreases, and the rate of decreasing with $x$ also increases. The rapid narrowing of the region of antiferromagnetic composition ($x$) can be considered to be a result of this anisotropy change due mainly to the change in the Fermi surface (FS) nesting condition. By contrast, although the structural anisotropy systematically changes, the maximum $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ values are almost the same in all $A$122P systems except for Eu122P. These results indicate that the modification of the FS topology via the structural anisotropy does not affect SC. However local structural parameters, such as pnictogen height, are crucial for $T_{\mathrm{c}}$.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Predigt in der Kathedrale St. Trinitatis zu Dresden im Rahmen der Tagung der Edith-Stein-Gesellschaft am 14.Juni 2009
Creators: name: Reinelt, Joachim
Publisher: name: Edith Stein Jahrbuch
Year: 2025

description: 164625449X
description: Edith Stein Jahrbuch, V. 16 (2010): Edith Stein Jahrbuch, Band 16
Compact stars with quadratic equation of state
Creators: name: Ngubelanga, Sifiso A.
name: Maharaj, Sunil D.
name: Ray, Subharthi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide new exact solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell system of equations for matter configurations with anisotropy and charge. The spacetime is static and spherically symmetric. A quadratic equation of state is utilised for the matter distribution. By specifying a particular form for one of the gravitational potentials and the electric field intensity we obtain new exact solutions in isotropic coordinates. In our general class of models, an earlier model with a linear equation of state is regained. For particular choices of parameters we regain the masses of the stars PSR J1614-2230, 4U 1608-52, PSR J1903+0327, EXO 1745-248 and SAX J1808.4-3658. A comprehensive physical analysis for the star PSR J1903+0327 reveals that our model is reasonable.
description: 10 pages, submitted for publication
A finite-element toolbox for the stationary Gross-Pitaevskii equation with rotation
Creators: name: Vergez, Guillaume
name: Danaila, Ionut
name: Auliac, Sylvain
name: Hecht, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new numerical system using classical finite elements with mesh adaptivity for computing stationary solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The programs are written as a toolbox for FreeFem++ (www.freefem.org), a free finite-element software available for all existing operating systems. This offers the advantage to hide all technical issues related to the implementation of the finite element method, allowing to easily implement various numerical algorithms.Two robust and optimised numerical methods were implemented to minimize the Gross-Pitaevskii energy: a steepest descent method based on Sobolev gradients and a minimization algorithm based on the state-of-the-art optimization library Ipopt. For both methods, mesh adaptivity strategies are implemented to reduce the computational time and increase the local spatial accuracy when vortices are present. Different run cases are made available for 2D and 3D configurations of Bose-Einstein condensates in rotation. An optional graphical user interface is also provided, allowing to easily run predefined cases or with user-defined parameter files. We also provide several post-processing tools (like the identification of quantized vortices) that could help in extracting physical features from the simulations. The toolbox is extremely versatile and can be easily adapted to deal with different physical models.
Dark spots along slowly scaling chains of plasmonic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Zito, Gianluigi
name: Rusciano, Giulia
name: Sasso, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the optical response of slowly scaling linear chains of mismatched silver nanoparticles. Hybridized plasmon chain resonances manifest unusual local field distributions around the nanoparticles that result from symmetry breaking of the geometry. Importantly, we find localization patterns characterized by bright hot-spots alternated by what we term \textit{dark} spots. A dark spot is associated to dark plasmons that have collinear and antiparallel dipole moments along the chain. As a result, the field amplification in the dark interjunction gap is extinguished for incident polarization parallel to the chain axis. Despite the strong plasmonic coupling, the nanoparticles on the sides of this dark gap experience a dramatic asymmetric field amplification with amplitude gain contrast $> 2 \times 10^2$. Remarkably, also for polarization orthogonal to the axis, gap hot-spots form on resonance.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Engineering interactions and anyon statistics by multicolor lattice-depth modulations
Creators: name: Cardarelli, Lorenzo
name: Greschner, Sebastian
name: Santos, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a multicolor modulation of the depth of an optical lattice allows for a flexible independent control of correlated hopping, occupation-dependent gauge fields, effective on-site interactions without Feshbach resonances, and nearest-neighbor interactions. As a result, the lattice-depth modulation opens the possibility of engineering with minimal experimental complexity a broad class of lattice models in current experiments with ultra-cold atoms, including Hubbard models with correlated hopping, peculiar extended models, and two-component anyon-Hubbard models.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Photoproduction of $KΛ$ on the proton
Creators: name: Skoupil, Dalibor
name: Bydzovsky, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kaon photoproduction on the proton is studied in the resonance region using an isobar model. The higher-spin nucleon (3/2 and 5/2) and hyperon (3/2) resonances were included in the model utilizing the consistent formalism by Pascalutsa and they were found to play an important role in data description. The spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 hyperon resonances in combination with the Born terms contribute significantly to the background part of the amplitude. Various forms of the hadron form factor were considered in the construction and the dipole and multidipole forms were selected as those most suitable for the data description. Model parameters were fitted to new experimental data from CLAS, LEPS, and GRAAL collaborations and two versions of the model, BS1 and BS2, were chosen. Both models provide a good overall description of the data for the c.m. energies from the threshold up to 2.4 GeV. Predicted cross sections of the models at very small kaon angles being consistent with results of the Saclay-Lyon model indicate that the models could be also successful in predicting the hypernucleus production cross sections. Although kaon photoproduction takes place in the third-resonance region with many resonant states, the total number of included resonances, 15 and 16, is quite moderate and it is comparable with numbers of resonances in other models. The set of chosen nucleon resonances overlaps well with the set of the most probable contributing states determined in the Bayesian analysis with the Regge-plus-resonance model. Particularly, we confirm that the missing resonances $P_{13}(1900)$ and $D_{13}(1875)$ do play important role in the description of data. However, the spin-1/2 state $P_{11}(1880)$ included in the Bayesian analysis was replaced in our analysis with the near-mass spin-5/2 state $N^*(1860)$, recently considered by the Particle Data Group.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
Alpha decay as a probe for the structure of neutron-deficient nuclei
Creators: name: Qi, Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advent of radioactive ion beam facilities and new detector technologies have opened up new possibilities to investigate the radioactive decays of highly unstable nuclei, in particular the proton emission, $α$ decay and heavy cluster decays from neutron-deficient (or proton-rich) nuclei around the proton drip line. It turns out that these decay measurements can serve as a unique probe for studying the structure of the nuclei involved. On the theoretical side, the development in nuclear many-body theories and supercomputing facilities have also made it possible to simulate the nuclear clusterization and decays from a microscopic and consistent perspective. In this article we would like to review the current status of these structure and decay studies in heavy nuclei, regarding both experimental and theoretical opportunities. We then discuss in detail the recent progress in our understanding of the nuclear $α$ formation probabilities in heavy nuclei and their indication on the underlying nuclear structure.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
title: Modulating Catalytic Selectivity by Base Addition in Aqueous Reductive Amination of 1,6-Hexanediol Using Ru/C
Creators: name: Gupta, Navneet Kumar
name: Palenicek, Phillip
name: Nortmeyer, Lucas
name: Meyer, Gregor Maurice
name: Schäfer, Timo
name: Hellmann, Tim
name: Hofmann, Jan P.
name: Rose, Marcus
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2023

description: Efficient base-modulated product selectivity in the aqueous-phase Ru/C-catalyzed reductive amination of 1,6-hexanediol (HDO) was reported by performing the reaction at mild conditions (463 K, 25 bar H2). High selectivity of amines could be controlled by the addition of different bases; for example, Cs2CO3 addition gave a high yield of 6-amino-1-hexanol (AH, 26%). However, the addition of Ba(OH)2 resulted in the formation of high yield of secondary amination products, hexamethylenediamine (HMDA, 34%) and azepane (26%). The hydroxide base, especially Ba(OH)2, aids in the initial conversion of HDO to AH by significantly decreasing the apparent activation energy from 68 to 48 kJ mol–1. A closer analysis of the formation of secondary products (azepane and HMDA) revealed a faster reaction between NH3 and the carbonyl-containing intermediate by the addition of Ba(OH)2 into the reaction solution.
title: Doppel-Filtrations-Plasmapherese in der Therapie einer akuten nekrotisierenden Skleritis bei rheumatoider Arthritis
Creators: name: Rath, Thomas
name: Becker, Heidemarie
name: Baumgärtel, Martin W.
name: Heinz, Carsten
name: Heiligenhaus, Arndt
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Skeritis
subject: rheumatoide Arthritis
subject: Plasmapherese
subject: Therapie
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Wir berichten über eine 72-jährige Patientin, die seit über 40 Jahren unter einer rheumatoiden Arthritis (RA) litt. Die antirheumatische Therapie beschränkte sich seit langem auf die Einnahme von Prednisolon 5 mg/d. Eine Basistherapie war bisher nicht erfolgt. Die[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 44. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Rheumatologie (DGRh); 30. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Orthopädische Rheumatologie (DGORh); 26. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Kinder- und Jugendrheumatologie (GKJR)
Time Domain Science with ALMA and the Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade
Creators: name: Torne, Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Time domain astronomy is key to understand astrophysical processes that vary in time. Unfortunately, many of these events are often elusive or difficult to study – either because they are unpredictable on-off events (like neutron star mergers, supernovae, gamma-ray-bursts or some fast radio bursts), or because the time scales are too short (less than a second) or too long (years or more) to be easily observed. There is a wealth of astronomical
sources showing variability, from fast-spinning pulsars to evolving stars or tidal disruption events, with enormous
differences in their characteristic time scales. In addition, some experiments require a very high timing accuracy,
like gravity theory tests with radio pulsars. Offering the community observatories capable to observe in all the
different time ranges and with sufficient sensitivity and timing accuracy is challenging. ALMA, with its broad
wavelength range and superb sensitivity, is a fundamental instrument for time domain research; in particular
because the millimetre window is often less explored in some of these experiments than other wavelengths. In
this talk, we will focus on the requirements to enable, improve, or facilitate, time domain science with ALMA
and the Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade. We will make some emphasis in the very-fast time domain (fractions of
a second to minutes), which is typically the most difficult to access due to more stringent technical requirements.
Geodesics on a K3 surface near the orbifold limit
Creators: name: Lye, Jørgen Olsen
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Calabi–Yau
subject: Closed geodesics
subject: Complex Monge–Ampère
subject: Hyperkähler
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: This article studies Kummer K3 surfaces close to the orbifold limit. We improve upon estimates for the Calabi–Yau metrics due to Kobayashi. As an application, we study stable closed geodesics. We use the metric estimates to show how there are generally restrictions on the existence of such geodesics. We also show how there can exist stable, closed geodesics in some highly symmetric circumstances due to hyperkähler identities.
Origin of molecular oxygen in Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Creators: name: Mousis, O.
name: Ronnet, T.
name: Brugger, B.
name: Ozgurel, O.
name: Pauzat, F.
name: Ellinger, Y.
name: Maggiolo, R.
name: Wurz, P.
name: Vernazza, P.
name: Lunine, J. I.
name: Luspay-Kuti, A.
name: Mandt, K. E.
name: Altwegg, K.
name: Bieler, A.
name: Markovits, A.
name: Rubin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular oxygen has been detected in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko with abundances in the 1-10% range by the ROSINA-DFMS instrument on board the Rosetta spacecraft. Here we find that the radiolysis of icy grains in low-density environments such as the presolar cloud may induce the production of large amounts of molecular oxygen. We also show that molecular oxygen can be efficiently trapped in clathrates formed in the protosolar nebula, and that its incorporation as crystalline ice is highly implausible because this would imply much larger abundances of Ar and N2 than those observed in the coma. Assuming that radiolysis has been the only O2 production mechanism at work, we conclude that the formation of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is possible in a dense and early protosolar nebula in the framework of two extreme scenarios: (1) agglomeration from pristine amorphous icy grains/particles formed in ISM and (2) agglomeration from clathrates that formed during the disk's cooling. The former scenario is found consistent with the strong correlation between O2 and H2O observed in 67P/C-G's coma while the latter scenario requires that clathrates formed from ISM icy grains that crystallized when entering the protosolar nebula.
description: The Astrophysical Journal Letters, in press
Spin injection and spin transport in paramagnetic insulators
Creators: name: Okamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin injection and the spin transport in paramagnetic insulators described by simple Heisenberg interactions using auxiliary particle methods. Some of these methods allow access to both paramagnetic states above magnetic transition temperatures and magnetic states at low temperatures. It is predicted that the spin injection at an interface with a normal metal is rather insensitive to temperatures above the magnetic transition temperature. On the other hand below the transition temperature, it decreases monotonically and disappears at zero temperature. We also analyze the bulk spin conductance. It is shown that the conductance becomes zero at zero temperature as predicted by linear spin wave theory but increases with temperature and is maximized around the magnetic transition temperature. These findings suggest that the compromise between the two effects determines the optimal temperature for spintronics applications utilizing magnetic insulators.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Cu-MOF-808 as a Sensing Material for Gaseous Hydrogen Sulfide
Creators: name: Marquardt, Nele
name: Dahlke, Melina
name: Schaate, Andreas
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: colorimetric sensors
subject: copper
subject: gas sensors
subject: hydrogen sulfide
subject: metal-organic frameworks
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The selective detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an important task because of its potentially hazardous effects not only on the environment but also on human health. Here, we present the zirconium-based MOF-808, which was modified with copper salts, as a colorimetric sensor material for the visible, reversible and sensitive H2S detection at room temperature. The copper cations, which are incorporated in the oxidation state +II, are installed at the inorganic building units (IBUs) of the framework so that they are accessible for interactions with H2S. The activated copper doped MOF-808 powder shows significant and fast color change in the presence of H2S, which can be detected by UV-vis spectroscopy. Moreover, the detection process is reversible by heating the material to 120 °C under ambient conditions leading to its decolorization. The detection performance of the material was studied by in situ UV-vis measurements in a reaction chamber. The material was able to respond to 100 ppm H2S in several cycles of exposure and heating to 120 °C under moist air conditions in a defined wavelength range. This reversibility is very uncommon for copper-based H2S sensing reactions and highlights the potential of MOFs as selective sensing materials.
Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia prepared using gel casting and two-stage sintering
Creators: name: Jhan, Jing-Siang
name: Chen, Chih-Cheng
name: Liu, Yu-Chi
name: Hsiang, Hsing-I
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Gel casting technology and a two-stage sintering process were used to produce yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia (YTZP) ceramics with excellent mechanical properties. A carbonic acid-based polyelectrolyte dispersant was used as a dispersant to prepare a well-dispersed nano-sized (94 nm) zirconia slurry with a high solid content (45 vol%) for gel casting. The functional carboxyl groups of the polyelectrolyte dispersant reacted with epoxy monomer (ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, EGDGE) as it was added to the slurry, resulting in a decrease in gelling incubation time and an increase in viscosity, resulting in gel casting failure. Adding hydroquinone (HQ) to the slurry can cause polymerization to be delayed and the gel-casting working time to be extended. To control grain growth, a two-stage sintering process was used. The temperature for the first stage of sintering was set at 1300°C, then lowered to 1240°C and soaked for 24 h in the second stage to achieve a relative density of greater than 99%. The two-stage sintered sample has a Vickers hardness of 15.2 GPa, fracture toughness of 7.8 MPa.m1/2, and flexural strength of 771 MPa.
Measurable Safety of Automated Driving Functions in Commercial Motor Vehicles - Technological and Methodical Approaches
Creators: name: Elgharbawy, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: automatisiertes Fahren
Nutzfahrzeuge
Testmethoden
Stichprobenverfahren
messbare Sicherheitsvorhersage
automated driving
commercial motor vehicles
test methods
sampling methods
measurable safety prediction

description: With the further development of automated driving, the functional performance increases resulting in the need for new and comprehensive testing concepts. This doctoral work aims to enable the transition from quantitative mileage to qualitative test coverage by aggregating the results of both knowledge-based and data-driven test platforms. The validity of the test domain can be extended cost-effectively throughout the software development process to achieve meaningful test termination criteria.
Molecular Emission in Dense Massive Clumps from the Star-Forming Regions S231-S235
Creators: name: Ladeyschikov, D. A.
name: Kirsanova, M. S.
name: Tsivilev, A. P.
name: Sobolev, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article deals with observations of star-forming regions S231-S235 in 'quasi-thermal' lines of ammonia (NH$_3$), cyanoacetylene (HC$_3$N) and maser lines of methanol (CH$_3$OH) and water vapor (H$_2$O). S231-S235 regions is situated in the giant molecular cloud G174+2.5. We selected all massive molecular clumps in G174+2.5 using archive CO data. For the each clump we determined mass, size and CO column density. After that we performed observations of these clumps. We report about first detections of NH$_3$ and HC$_3$N lines toward the molecular clumps WB89 673 and WB89 668. This means that high-density gas is present there. Physical parameters of molecular gas in the clumps were estimated using the data on ammonia emission. We found that the gas temperature and the hydrogen number density are in the ranges 16-30 K and 2.8-7.2$\times10^3$ cm$^{-3}$, respectively. The shock-tracing line of CH$_3$OH molecule at 36.2 GHz is newly detected toward WB89 673.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Förderspiele für die Poltertherapie Eine Sammlung von theoriegeleiteten Förderspielen für die Therapie von Poltern im Bereich Phonetik-Phonologie bei Kindern im Alter von fünf bis zwölf Jahren
Creators: name: Schleuniger, Jasmin
name: Hug, Zoé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Logopädie
Sprachstörung
Stottern
Poltern
Therapie
Bachelorarbeit

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit geht es um die Therapie von phonetisch-phonologischen Auffälligkeiten bei Poltern. Ein Vergleich von Therapieinterventionen für phonetischphonologische Auffälligkeiten bei Poltern und spezifischen Sprachentwicklungsstörungen zeigt, dass sowohl Gemeinsamkeiten als auch Unterschiede bei den beiden Therapien vorliegen. Es wurde eine theoriegeleitete Förderspielsammlung für den Therapiebaustein Phonetik-Phonologie für Kinder im Alter von 5 – 12 Jahren entwickelt. Die Förderspielsammlung enthält 22 Spiele und orientiert sich an den Kriterien entwicklungsspezifisch, theoriegeleitet, attraktiv, verständlich und ökonomisch. Eine Auswahl der Förderspiele und ein Link zur Online-Umfrage wurde zur Evaluation an 67 berufstätige Logopädinnen und Logopäden sowie an 4 Mitstudentinnen per E-Mail versendet. Aufgrund eines technischen Problems der Umfragesoftware LimeSurvey beschränkte sich der Rücklauf auf insgesamt fünf Umfragen. Aus diesem Grund wurde auf eine qualitative und quantitative Auswertung verzichtet und Einzelstatements zur Anpassung der Förderspiele verwendet.
Extrapolating from experiments, confidently
Creators: name: Khosrowi, Donal
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Bayesian evidence amalgamation
subject: Causal inference
subject: Confidence
subject: Economics
subject: Evidence-based policy
subject: External validity
subject: Extrapolation
subject: Uncertainty
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: Extrapolating causal effects from experiments to novel populations is a common practice in evidence-based-policy, development economics and other social science areas. Drawing on experimental evidence of policy effectiveness, analysts aim to predict the effects of policies in new populations, which might differ importantly from experimental populations. Existing approaches made progress in articulating the sorts of similarities one needs to assume to enable such inferences. It is also recognized, however, that many of these assumptions will remain surrounded by significant uncertainty in practice. Unfortunately, the existing literature says little on how analysts may articulate and manage these uncertainties. This paper aims to make progress on these issues. First, it considers several existing ideas that bear on issues of uncertainty, elaborates the challenges they face, and extracts some useful rationales. Second, it outlines a novel approach, called the support graph approach, that builds on these rationales and allows analysts to articulate and manage uncertainty in extrapolation in a systematic and unified way.
Viewpoint: Opportunities and challenges of two-dimensional magnetic van der Waals materials: magnetic graphene?
Creators: name: Park, Je-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been a huge increase of interests in two-dimensional van der Waals materials over the past ten years or so with the conspicuous absence of one particular class of materials: magnetic van der Waals systems. In this Viewpoint, we point it out and illustrate how we might be able to benefit from exploring these so-far neglected materials.
description: Accepted as Viewpoint in J. Phys. Condens Matter
title: The Commemoration and Care of First World War Dead Buried in the United Kingdom through the lens of the Organisational Culture of the Imperial War Graves Commission, 1917-1939
Creators: name: Kelleher, Megan Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores the commemoration and care of First World War dead in the United Kingdom by the Imperial (later known as Commonwealth) War Graves Commission. While much research has previously discussed the work of the Commission within the context of its work overseas, and visits to the battlefields have increased in popularity over the decades since the conflict ended, the graves of those buried on home soil have received little to no attention from both the public and academics. The thesis aims to challenge the preconceived notions surrounding the work of the Commission and the broader historiography of Remembrance in the United Kingdom through highlighting the ways within which the memorialisation practices found here both conform to and contrast with the styles utilised at overseas cemeteries. Furthermore, the thesis highlights the adaptability that the Commission had to utilise in order to extend its remit to United Kingdom-based war graves, particularly when considering the moral, financial and legal involvement of the bereaved. Across the five chapters that formulate the main body of the text, various aspects of the Commission’s work will be explained. This includes the organisational, legal and administrative histories of the organisation in addition to the impact, both emotionally and spatially, that these sites of memory have had on the broader rites and rituals associated with Remembrance. In contrast to current beliefs surrounding this topic, the thesis highlights that the interactions between the public and these sites of memory conform more towards attitudes associated with civilianised attitudes to grief and bereavement, rather than being completely omitted from Remembrance ceremonies from the outset. Moreover, the thesis highlights the influence of other similar organisations on the work of the Commission in relation to its task in Britain. Utilising a case study of the creation of Cannock Chase German Cemetery in the 1950s and 1960s, the thesis highlights that the Commission adapted its own practices based on the precedents set by other similar organisations. This raises further questions surrounding the challenges of ownership over war graves, and how the legal and moral impact of these queries often made the Commission’s task in the United Kingdom unique when compared to the cemeteries and memorials in its care overseas.
Cyclic Adams Operations
Creators: name: Brown, Michael K.
name: Miller, Claudia
name: Thompson, Peder
name: Walker, Mark E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Q$ be a commutative, Noetherian ring and $Z \subseteq \operatorname{Spec}(Q)$ a closed subset. Define $K_0^Z(Q)$ to be the Grothendieck group of those bounded complexes of finitely generated projective $Q$-modules that have homology supported on $Z$. We develop "cyclic" Adams operations on $K_0^Z(Q)$ and we prove these operations satisfy the four axioms used by Gillet and Soulé in their paper "Intersection Theory Using Adams Operations". From this we recover a shorter proof of Serre's Vanishing Conjecture. We also show our cyclic Adams operations agree with the Adams operations defined by Gillet and Soulé in certain cases.
description: We have added citations to Olivier Haution's thesis, in which cyclic Adams operations are also developed
Hubbard interactions in iron-based pnictides and chalcogenides: Slater parametrization, screening channels and frequency dependence
Creators: name: van Roekeghem, Ambroise
name: Vaugier, Loïg
name: Jiang, Hong
name: Biermann, Silke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the strength of the frequency-dependent on-site electronic interactions in the iron pnictides LaFeAsO, BaFe2As2, BaRu2As2, and LiFeAs and the chalcogenide FeSe from first principles within the constrained random phase approximation. We discuss the accuracy of an atomic-like parametrization of the two-index density-density interaction matrices based on the calculation of an optimal set of three independent Slater integrals, assuming that the angular part of the Fe-d localized orbitals can be described within spherical harmonics as for isolated Fe atoms. We show that its quality depends on the ligand-metal bonding character rather than on the dimensionality of the lattice: it is excellent for ionic-like Fe-Se (FeSe) chalcogenides and a more severe approximation for more covalent Fe-As (LaFeAsO, BaFe2As2) pnictides. We furthermore analyze the relative importance of different screening channels, with similar conclusions for the different pnictides but a somewhat different picture for the benchmark oxide SrVO3: the ligand channel does not appear to be dominant in the pnictides, while oxygen screening is the most important process in the oxide. Finally, we analyze the frequency dependence of the interaction. In contrast to simple oxides, in iron pnictides its functional form cannot be simply modeled by a single plasmon, and the actual density of modes enters the construction of an effective Hamiltonian determining the low-energy properties.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Design and Implementation of A Tour Guide Mobile Application.pdf
Creators: name: ASIAMAH-BOATENG, AARON
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other information and computing sciences not elsewhere classified
Information systems education
Information systems not elsewhere classified
Information systems organisation and management

description: Tourism is recognized as an essential component of Africa's strategy framework for equitable and sustainable growth. Travel and tour agencies offer a variety of services to tourists, allowing tourists to enjoy organized tourism in Ghana. Some of these services include escorting tourists to tourist attractions, selling tickets, booking hotels etc. Unfortunately, not all agencies can be trusted; some agencies simply disappear with their clients' money, provide improper guidelines and information which can endanger the life of tourists in Ghana. Tourists who rely solely on a travel agency to interact with them, wait for business hours, or deal with someone else's schedule. Meeting up with people, whether from agencies or freelancers may also constitute a security risk. In order to solve these problems, the research reviewed existing works relating to tourism and designed and implemented a tour guide mobile application using the waterfall methodology. The smartphone mobile application we developed provide services which include; giving useful information about tourist attractions, directing travelers to tourist attractions, capturing tour memories, and booking tourist attractions. The system we developed has undergone several forms of testing to ensure that it is bug-free and fit for usage. The following recommendations were also made by the team: Future work can be done to build and implement a tourist crisis and disaster management system (TCDM) to aid in the mitigation of tourism hazards as well as post-crisis recovery. The current system is a mobile application for Android. Future developments may include iOS support.
Representations of symmetric groups with non-trivial determinant
Creators: name: Ayyer, Arvind
name: Prasad, Amritanshu
name: Spallone, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E10, 20C30, 05A17, 05A15

description: We give a closed formula for the number of partitions $λ$ of $n$ such that the corresponding irreducible representation $V_λ$ of $S_n$ has non-trivial determinant. We determine how many of these partitions are self-conjugate and how many are hooks. This is achieved by characterizing the $2$-core towers of such partitions. We also obtain a formula for the number of partitions of $n$ such that the associated permutation representation of $S_n$ has non-trivial determinant.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures