cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Youth aspirations, perceptions of farming, and migration decisions in rural Sub-Saharan Africa: Further empirical evidence from Ethiopia
Creators: name: Mussa, Essa Chanie
name: Mussa, Essa Chanie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Aspirations
subject: Perceptions
subject: Migration decisions
subject: Youth
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa
subject: Ethiopia

description: The study discusses the aspirations and preferences of youth in rural sub-Saharan Africa using a large-scale SMS-based survey data and complements it with an investigation on the causal effects of adolescent aspirations on migration decisions when youth in southwestern Ethiopia. The cross-country youth study shows that most rural youth in Africa prefer working in nonfarm economic sectors. It also finds that above half of the rural youth are undecided about their migration aspirations, providing an opportunity for governments to influence the rural out migration of youth. However, policymakers should also be equally aware that anti-poverty policy measures that simply improve the incomes of rural youth might have unpredictable and unintended consequences on their migration decisions. As a result, policy measures may have to also influence the perceptions of youth toward farming and rural life, and to make rural areas more attractive to the youth. Taking southwestern Ethiopia as a case in point, it was found that above half the adolescents have negative perceptions about farming (both farming life and the pre-requisites to become a farmer). The results also show that educational and occupational aspirations during adolescence exert differing effects on migration decisions after four years. That is, while those who aspired to attain more years of schooling are unlikely to out-migrate within this time period, their counterparts who aspired to have high socio-economic status occupations tend to out-migrate from the respective areas. The study concludes that the out-migration of youth from rural areas and small towns may not be only due to push factors such as lack of farmland, but it could also be due to their aspirations to work in high socio-economic status occupations which are not often found in the rural areas. Thus, African countries should work to make rural areas and farming more attractive to the aspiring youth such as through improving access to technology, developing infrastructure, and providing support to rural non-farm sectors expansion.
Revisiting student stories (Abdelaziz & Rivera Pérez, 2024)
Creators: name: Abdelaziz, Mariam M.
name: Rivera Pérez, Jean F.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420110
subject: Speech pathology
classificationCode: 420602
subject: Health equity
classificationCode: 390305
subject: Professional education and training

description: Purpose: The current study revisits our previous research, delving deeper into microaggressions (MAs) and interpersonal conflict (IC) in speech, language, and hearing sciences (SLHS) training programs. Participants came from both marginalized and nonmarginalized backgrounds.Method: A 39-item electronic survey based on our previous research was distributed online to 236 participants of current and former SLHS students through social media and e-mail listservs.Results: Students that identified as belonging to marginalized and nonmarginalized groups reported high levels of MAs and IC, respectively. Linear regression revealed that the more marginalized identities a participant reported, the more aggression they experienced. Analyses also suggest that specific cultural and linguistic identities more likely predicted experiencing specific types of MAs than others. MAs and IC were largely underreported.Conclusions: This study highlights the quantifiable prevalence of MAs and IC in SLHS training programs. It underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions to address systemic inequities. Overall, these findings emphasize the importance of fostering an inclusive and equitable environment in SLHS, promoting cultural competence, and social justice in the professions.Supplemental Material S1. Action items for building inclusive spaces.Supplemental Material S2. Microaggressions 2.0.Abdelaziz, M. M., & Rivera Pérez, J. F. (2024). Revisiting Student Stories: Understanding Microaggressions and Interpersonal Conflict Within Speech-Language and Hearing Sciences Training Programs. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 33(6), 2871–2888. https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00209
The NAVIGATE project: A GloVANet–WoCoVA position statement on the nomenclature for vascular access devices
Creators: name: van Rens, M
name: van der Lee, R
name: Spencer, Timothy
name: van Boxtel, T
name: Barone, G
name: Crocoli, A
name: Pinelli, F
name: Pittiruti, M
Publisher: name: University of Wollongong
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 3201
subject: Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing

description: The field of vascular access has witnessed significant advancements in recent years, improving healthcare delivery across various patient populations through the use of diverse intravascular access devices. Despite these innovations, a critical issue remains: the lack of a globally standardized set of descriptors for these devices. This gap impedes clear communication and coordination within the healthcare community. Recognizing the necessity for standardized terminology, the Global Vascular Access Network (GloVANet), in collaboration with the World Congress of Vascular Access (WoCoVA), initiated the NAVIGATE project (NomenclAture Via Integrated Global Advancements in Terminology Efficiencies). The aim of the project is to propose a clear and practical nomenclature for current vascular access devices, encompassing both central, peripheral venous, and arterial access devices. A panel of international vascular access experts from several clinical domains was selected by the Scientific Committee of WoCoVA to develop a position statement around vascular access device nomenclature. Following a comprehensive literature review, a consensus was reached using a modified Delphi process. The outcome of this collaborative effort is a WoCoVA/GloVANet position statement, which provides standardized nomenclature for vascular access devices. The adoption of unified terminology brings several benefits, firstly, it ensures clarity, reproducibility, and comparability when reporting in clinical studies, and secondly, reduces ambiguous or imprecise terms in communication between healthcare professionals in clinical practice.
Inhaled nitric oxide as adjunctive therapy for severe malaria: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Hawkes, Michael T
name: Conroy, Andrea L
name: Opoka, Robert O
name: Hermann, Laura
name: Thorpe, Kevin E
name: McDonald, Chloe
name: Kim, Hani
name: Higgins, Sarah
name: Namasopo, Sophie
name: John, Chandy
name: Miller, Chris
name: Liles, W. C
name: Kain, Kevin C
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Severe malaria remains a major cause of childhood mortality globally. Decreased endothelial nitric oxide is associated with severe and fatal malaria. The hypothesis was that adjunctive inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) would improve outcomes in African children with severe malaria. Methods A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial of iNO at 80 ppm by non-rebreather mask versus room air placebo as adjunctive treatment to artesunate in children with severe malaria was conducted. The primary outcome was the longitudinal course of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), an endothelial biomarker of malaria severity and clinical outcome. Results One hundred and eighty children were enrolled; 88 were assigned to iNO and 92 to placebo (all received IV artesunate). Ang-2 levels measured over the first 72 h of hospitalization were not significantly different between groups. The mortality at 48 h was similar between groups [6/87 (6.9 %) in the iNO group vs 8/92 (8.7 %) in the placebo group; OR 0.78, 95 % CI 0.26–2.3; p = 0.65]. Clinical recovery times and parasite clearance kinetics were similar (p > 0.05). Methaemoglobinaemia >7 % occurred in 25 % of patients receiving iNO and resolved without sequelae. The incidence of neurologic deficits (<14 days), acute kidney injury, hypoglycaemia, anaemia, and haemoglobinuria was similar between groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions iNO at 80 ppm administered by non-rebreather mask was safe but did not affect circulating levels of Ang-2. Alternative methods of enhancing endothelial NO bioavailability may be necessary to achieve a biological effect and improve clinical outcome. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01255215
Improving the fairness of FAST TCP to new flows
Creators: name: Cui, Tony
name: Andrew, Lachlan L. H.
name: Zukerman, Moshe
name: Tan, Liansheng
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: It has been observed that FAST TCP, and the related protocol TCP Vegas, suffer unfairness when many flows arrive at a single bottleneck link, without intervening departures. We show that the effect is even more marked if a new flow arrives when existing flows share bandwidth fairly, and propose a simple method to ameliorate this effect.
Wirtschaftsmacht und soziales Elend
Creators: name: Wieck, Hans-Georg
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: In seinem fünfteiligen Essay über Indiens Rolle als Wirtschaftsmacht setzt sich der Autor mit wachsendem sozialem Elend auseinander. Im folgenden zweiten und dritten Teil seiner Analyse stehen Indiens Wirtschaft und seine äußere Sicherheit im Mittelpunkt.
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
"HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L. (MOYLI KUNGABOQAR O"SIMLIGI) TURIGA MANSUB GEOGRAFIK UZOQ NAMUNALAR DURAGAYLARINI DASTLABKI TAHLILI"
Creators: name: Bozorova, R.P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur maqolada Helianthus annuus L. (moyli kungaboqar) turiga mansub geografik jihatdan uzoq hududlardan olingan namunalar asosida yaratilgan duragaylarning dastlabki fenologik, morfologik, agronomik va molekulyar tahlillari yoritilgan. O‘tkazilgan tadqiqotlar natijasida ayrim duragaylarda erta pishish, yuqori hosildorlik (3,2 t/ga gacha), yog‘ miqdorining ko‘pligi (49% gacha) va kasalliklarga chidamlilik kabi ustunliklar aniqlangan. Geografik xilma-xillikdan samarali foydalanish kungaboqar seleksiyasida genetik resurslarni boyitish va zamonaviy talabga javob beruvchi navlarni yaratishda muhim omil ekanligi isbotlangan.
Das Geheimnis namens Sarmad
Creators: name: Aafreedi, Navras Jaat
name: Schein, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Der jüdisch geborene, zum Islam konvertierte homosexuelle Dichter und Derwisch Sarmad wurde am Ende zum Opfer der vom Moghul-Kaiser Aurangzeb (1618-1707) geförderten islamischen Orthodoxie. Das von den Gläubigen hochgeehrte Grabmal dieses außergewöhnlichen Grenzgängers zwischen den Kulturen befindet sich mitten in AltDelhi, direkt an der berühmten, unter Aurangzebs Vater Shah Jahan (1592-1666) errichteten Jama Masjid, die einstmals als die größte Moschee der Welt galt.
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
Wiege des Polosports
Creators: name: Mentschel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Reiterspiele mit Ball und Schläger gab es in vielen Teilen der Welt. Doch als die Wiege des modernen Polosports gilt Manipur. Englische Kolonialoffiziere hatten das Spiel Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts in der Region entdeckt und weiterentwickelt. Nach Ende der Kolonialzeit fristete Polo in Manipur lange ein Schattendasein. Inzwischen geht es mit dem Mannschaftsspiel hoch zu Ross aber wieder aufwärts. Beleg dafür ist ein internationales Turnier, zu dem auch eine deutsche Mannschaft in den Nordosten Indiens reiste.
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
Communicating Uncertainty in Explanations of the Outcomes of Machine Learning Models
Creators: name: Zukerman, Ingrid
name: Maruf, Sameen
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460208
subject: Natural language processing

description: We conducted a user study to determine which factors influence users’ acceptance of predictions made by Machine Learning models, and how two types of uncertainty representations affect users’ views about explanations.
Theretra capensis
Creators: name: Bąkowski, Marek
name: László, Gyula M.
name: Takano, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Sphingidae
Theretra
Theretra capensis

description: 69. Theretra capensis (Linnaeus, 1764) (Figs. 119-120)
Material examined:
 Chimanimani National Reserve: [18] – 2 exs.; Maputo Special Reserve: [27A] – 3 exs.; [27C] – 6 exs.; [28] – 6 exs.; [30A] – 31 exs.; [30B] – 7 exs.; [30D] – 6 exs.; [30F] – 15 exs.; [30G] – 3 exs.; [30I] – 4 exs.
description: Published as part of Bąkowski, Marek, László, Gyula M. & Takano, Hitoshi, 2020, A contribution to the knowledge of the Sphingidae fauna of Mozambique, pp. 45-77 in Ecologica Montenegrina 35 on page 72, DOI: 10.37828/em.2020.35.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13232145
Reframing the conversation: applying the principles of diversity, equity and inclusion to scholarly communications
Creators: name: Shearer, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: OR2020
Repositories
Bibliodiversity
Jussieu Call
Open science

description: Many of the worlds most critical challenges must be addressed globally. This presentation covers "Fostering Bibliodiversity in Scholarly Communications: A Call for Action" http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3752923. Bibliodiversity = diversity, inclusion and equality in scholarly communications. Repositories support bibliodiversity and new roles and functions for repositories are discussed. Diversity is an important characteristic of any healthy ecosystem, including scholarly communications. Diversity in services and platforms, funding mechanisms, and evaluation measures will allow the scholarly communication system to accommodate the different workflows, languages, publication outputs, and research topics that support the needs and epistemic pluralism of different research communities. In addition, diversity reduces the risk of vendor lock-in, which inevitably leads to monopoly, monoculture, and high prices. As we transition to open access and open science, there is an opportunity to reverse this decline and foster greater diversity in scholarly communications; what the Jussieu Call refers to as bibliodiversity. Bibliodiversity, by its nature, cannot be pursued through a single, unified approach, however it does require strong coordination in order to avoid a fragmented and siloed ecosystem. Building on the principles outlined in the Jussieu Call, this presentation explores the current state of diversity in scholarly communications, and issues a call for action, specifying what each community can do individually and collectively to support greater bibliodiversity in a more intentional fashion. We are calling on the community to take concerted efforts to foster bibliodiversity through several specific actions.
Wie frauenfeindlich ist Indien?
Creators: name: Wessler, Heinz Werner
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Die Situation von Frauen in Indien ist derzeit wieder einmal ein vieldiskutiertes Thema. Und als Indologe, der Indien trotz allem liebt, muss ich mir – gelegentlich schmerzhaft – die Frage stellen lassen: Ist die Kultur, deren Studium ich nicht nur meine wissenschaftliche Karriere, sondern in gewisser Weise auch meine Leidenschaft und sogar mein Leben gewidmet habe, eine ganz besonders frauenfeindliche Kultur?
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
Von Natur aus unrein?
Creators: name: Lanzet, Kanchana
name: Von Heiseler, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Die völlig unvorstellbare und brutale Vergewaltigung der 23-jährigen Physiotherapie-Studentin am 16. Dezember 2012 in Indiens Hauptstadt Delhi erschütterte die Nation und schockierte die Welt. Gewalt gegen Frauen und Kinder, darunter häusliche Gewalt, sexuelle Körperverletzung, Vergewaltigung und Mord an Frauen, ist das einzige Thema, das alle Grenzen von Kaste, Klasse, Volkszugehörigkeit, Ideologie und Religion überschreitet. Wovon wir Zeugen wurden und weiter werden, wenn es darum geht, wie Indien seine Frauen behandelt, ist nur die Spitze des Eisberges. So traurig es auch sein mag: Erst das grausige Martyrium einer jungen Frau hat ein landesweites Erwachen ausgelöst und eine Wahrnehmung der Grausamkeiten aller Art, darunter Vergewaltigungen, denen indische Mädchen und Frauen tagtäglich ausgesetzt sind. Kanchana Lanzet spürt den vielfältigen Ursachen nach.
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
18-month outcomes of surgical treatment for noma (cancrum oris): case series, Noma Children's Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria
Creators: name: E Farley
name: MA Amirtharajah
name: R Winters
name: AO Taiwo
name: MJ Oyemakinde
name: A Fotso
name: L Torhee
name: U Mehta
name: K Bil
name: A Lenglet
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Poster presented at MSF Scientific Days International (London), May 13/14, 2020.
The Cedar Project: resilience in the face of HIV vulnerability within a cohort study involving young Indigenous people who use drugs in three Canadian cities
Creators: name: Pearce, Margo E.
name: Jongbloed, Kate A.
name: Richardson, Christopher G.
name: Henderson, Earl W.
name: Pooyak, Sherri
name: Oviedo-Joekes, Eugenia
name: Christian, Wunuxtsin M.
name: Schechter, Martin T.
name: Spittal, Patricia M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Background: Indigenous scholars have long argued that it is critical for researchers to identify factors related to cultural connectedness that may protect against HIV and hepatitis C infection and buffer the effects of historical and lifetime trauma among young Indigenous peoples. To our knowledge, no previous epidemiological studies have explored the effect of historical and lifetime traumas, cultural connectedness, and risk factors on resilience among young, urban Indigenous people who use drugs. Methods This study explored risk and protective factors associated with resilience among participants of the Cedar Project, a cohort study involving young Indigenous peoples who use illicit drugs in three cities in British Columbia, Canada. We utilized the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale to measure resilience, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to measure childhood maltreatment, and the Symptom-Checklist 90-Revised to measure psychological distress among study participants. Multivariate linear mixed effects models (LME) estimated the effect of study variables on mean change in resilience scores between 2011-2012. Results Among 191 participants, 92 % had experienced any form of childhood maltreatment, 48 % had a parent who attended residential school, and 71 % had been in foster care. The overall mean resilience score was 62.04, with no differences between the young men and women (p = 0.871). Adjusted factors associated with higher mean resilience scores included having grown up in a family that often/always lived by traditional culture (B = 7.70, p = 0.004) and had often/always spoken their traditional language at home (B = 10.52, p < 0.001). Currently knowing how to speak a traditional language (B = 13.06, p = 0.001), currently often or always living by traditional culture (B = 6.50, p = 0.025), and having recently sought drug/alcohol treatment (B = 4.84, p = 0.036) were also significantly associated with higher mean resilience scores. Adjusted factors associated with diminished mean resilience scores included severe childhood emotional neglect (B = −13.34, p = 0.001), smoking crack daily (B = −5.42, p = 0.044), having been sexual assaulted (B = −14.42, p = 0.041), and blackout drinking (B = −6.19, p = 0.027). Conclusions Young people in this study have faced multiple complex challenges to their strength. However, cultural foundations continue to function as buffers that protect young Indigenous people from severe health outcomes, including vulnerability to HIV and HCV infection.
Protestwelle mit Wirkungen
Creators: name: Butalia, Urvashi
name: Von Heiseler, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Nun entscheidet ein Schnellgericht: Seit Januar wird den fünf mutmaßlichen Vergewaltigern einer jungen Studentin in Neu-Delhi der Prozess gemacht. Sie müssen sich wegen Mordes verantworten – ihnen droht die Todesstrafe. Ein weiterer Tatverdächtiger wird sich vor einem Jugendstrafgericht verantworten müssen. Das Verfahren vor dem Schnellgericht findet unter Ausschluss der Öffentlichkeit und der Medien statt. Derweil geht die Diskussion über sexuelle Gewalt gegen Frauen weiter. Die feministische Verlegerin Urvashi Butalia skizziert die Debatte und stellt die Frage nach den Ursachen der Gewalt in der indischen Gesellschaft.
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
Theretra dominikae Melichar & Rezac 2014
Creators: name: Bąkowski, Marek
name: László, Gyula M.
name: Takano, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Sphingidae
Theretra
Theretra dominikae

description: 70. Theretra dominikae Melichar & Řezáč, [2014] (Fig. 118)
Material examined:
 Quirimbas National Park: [23] – 1 ex.
description: Published as part of Bąkowski, Marek, László, Gyula M. & Takano, Hitoshi, 2020, A contribution to the knowledge of the Sphingidae fauna of Mozambique, pp. 45-77 in Ecologica Montenegrina 35 on page 72, DOI: 10.37828/em.2020.35.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13232145
title: Inter-Hemispheric Asymmetry in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Due to the December 04, 2021 Solar Eclipse: MHD-GCM Coupled Simulations
Creators: name: Hong, Yu
name: Deng, Yue
name: Welling, Daniel
name: Ridley, Aaron
name: Lu, Gang
name: Maute, Astrid
name: Zhu, Qingyu
name: Mrak, Sebastijian
name: Waters, Colin
name: Sheng, Cheng
name: Lopez, Ramon
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics

description: Solar eclipses present unique opportunities for investigating the Geospace environment. While the impact of rapidly changing solar radiation on Earth’s ionosphere-thermosphere (IT) is well studies, the effects of eclipses on magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) coupling dynamics, particularly through alterations in ionospheric conductance, remain inadequately explored. Moreover, the abrupt and substantial changes during eclipses may induce notable inter-hemispheric asymmetry (IHA) in the MI system. A total solar eclipse occurred over western Antarctica from 06 to 09 UT on December 04, 2021. In this study, a new eclipse mask model will be used to specify the EUV irradiation for driving the Global Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model (GITM), with NCAR electrodynamo module as the global electrodynamic driver. For comparison, two runs are conducted with or without the eclipse mask. Subsequently, by feeding GITM simulated ionospheric conductivity from the two runs back to the BATS-R-US Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) model, the impacts of the eclipse will be further assessed. The study lies on the three aspects: 1) Validating simulation through data-model comparisons regarding the eclipse response and IHAs in the MI system; 2) Assessing eclipse-induced depletion of ionospheric conductivity and its impacts on the magnetosphere. 3) Investigating the eclipse feedback from magnetosphere to the ionosphere such as the response time. Our study will help quantify the solar eclipse effects on the global MI system to shed new lights on magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere studies under extraordinary solar conditions.
Nun beten und baden sie wieder
Creators: name: Imhasly, Bernard
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Es ist das größte religiöse Fest der Welt: die Kumbh Mela. Dieses „Fest des Nektarkrugs“ findet alle drei Jahre an einem anderen heiligen Ort in Indien statt. Doch jedes zwölfte Jahr findet die Maha Kumbh Mela, das große Wallfahrtsfest, im indischen Allahabad statt. Dort fließen Ganges und Jamuna zusammen. In diesem Jahr kamen 100 Millionen Hindu-Pilger zum heiligen Bad.
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
Effects of taurine supplementation on cognitive function: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Creators: name: Cao, Qinglong
name: Nie, Zizheng
name: Liu, Yingying
name: Xu, Jiaoyang
name: Chen, Liangjing
name: Han, Shufen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Mental Health

description: Taurine is recognised for its neuroprotective effects, however, its potential role on cognition remains controversial. A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the effects of taurine on cognition in both cognitively impaired and non-impaired populations. Electronic databases was searched up to January 2025 according to eligibility criteria. A total of 7 RCTs with 9 intervention trials involving 402 individuals were included. Taurine, administered alone or in combination with exercise training, did not exhibit significant effects in cognitive scores. Compared with therapeutic drugs alone, the combination of taurine and therapeutic drugs did not produce greater improvements in cognitive performance, however, subgroup analysis indicated that this combination resulted in significant enhancements in the Mini-Mental State Examination (WMD = 3.09, 95% CI: 2.29–3.90). Overall, the findings of the present meta-analysis do not provide sufficient evidence to support the efficacy of taurine supplementation in enhancing cognitive function.
title: Artificial Intelligence for the Public Sector: Bridging the Gap between Academia and Practice
Creators: name: Mintz, Zander
name: Ma, Ji
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational social science

description: As academic knowledge expands, it becomes increasingly difficult for academics and practitioners to keep track of new developments, identify relevant studies on a topic of interest, assess the content and quality of existing evidence and even select what evidence to build upon to advance a field of knowledge (Linnenluecke et al., 2019). This is particularly true for the nascent, yet burgeoning field of research related to the use of Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) in the Public Sector. Consequently, policy practitioners looking to explore how to effectively leverage A.I. in their organizations may encounter a fragmented academic landscape that is becoming increasingly difficult to navigate. This paper therefore proposes a functional framework that organizes and links academic scholarship in this field to the functions of public governance most pertinent to policy practitioners. To test this framework, we employ a novel, computational approach. First, we conduct a systematic literature review of relevant, peer-reviewed academic journal abstracts pulled from OpenAlex API. We then utilize a pre-trained BERT large language model (LLM) to generate unsupervised topic representations, or themes, from this corpus of academic abstracts. Lastly, we classify the topic representations and their semantically similar articles using our functional framework. In addition to using a novel computational approach for conducting a systematic literature review that is transparent, reproducible, easily updated, and efficient, this paper aims to provide a practical resource for both academics and policy professionals interested in exploring the applications of A.I. technologies in the public sector.
Dirty, difficult and dangerous
Creators: name: Heidegger, Patrizia
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Was geschieht eigentlich mit Kreuzfahrtschiffen, Öltankern und Frachtschiffen, wenn sie nach Meile um Meile auf den Weltmeeren von den großen Reedereien gegen modernere Exemplare ausgetauscht werden? Tausende Tonnen Stahl zu zerlegen und zu recyceln, dazu braucht es schweres Gerät und fachmännisches Know-How, so möchte man zumindest meinen. Oft ist allerdings genau das Gegenteil der Fall. Die Bedingungen, unter denen die Ozeanriesen in den Ländern Südasiens verschrottet werden, kosten die dortigen Arbeiter nicht selten Leben und Gesundheit. Was sich an Südasiens Stränden abspielt, ist hierzulande weitgehend unbekannt. Patrizia Heidegger beleuchtet die Details.
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
title: Detecting Stance of Social Media Posts Toward Truthfulness of Factual Claims for Social Goods
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhengyuan
name: Zhang, Zeyu
name: Zhang, Haiqi
name: Li, Chengkai
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer science

description: The proliferation of misinformation on social media poses a challenge to public discourse and decision-making. To address this, we have developed a large language model (LLM)-based system for truthfulness stance detection, focusing on discerning social media users' stances toward the veracity of factual claims. Building on the newly introduced \textit{TruthSD} dataset, which contains over 2,000 tweet-claim pairs annotated for stance, our system incorporates advanced LLM such as Zephyr, further enhanced through the integration of external knowledge retrieved from fact-checking corpora. Our approach involves pairing tweets with factual claims from reputable sources such as PolitiFact, then classifying the stance of these tweets as Positive, Neutral/No Stance, or Negative toward the truthfulness of the claims. This system is designed to assist journalists, fact-checkers, and policymakers in quickly identifying and understanding public opinion regarding various claims, thus contributing to efforts aimed at mitigating the spread of misinformation. In addition, the system leverages Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to access and utilize external knowledge, improving the accuracy of stance detection even in cases where the factual context is complex or ambiguous. Preliminary evaluations on the \textit{TruthSD} dataset demonstrate that our model outperforms existing state-of-the-art stance detection systems, achieving higher precision and recall rates. The implications of this research are broad, providing a practical tool for real-time analysis of public stances on factual claims, which can enhance the quality of public discourse and support informed decision-making in a variety of contexts. The developed model and its associated API are expected to be valuable resources for further research and application in the fight against misinformation.
Fragile Träume
Creators: name: Hofsäß, Anna
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Die Fotografie in Bangladesch ist im Gegensatz zur Malerei bislang nicht als Kunstform etabliert. Dennoch hat Bangladesch eine rege Fotografieszene, und hier tummelt sich die größte Zahl an Fotojournalisten weltweit. Alle zwei Jahre findet in Dhaka eines der größten Fotografiefestivals Asiens, die Chobi Mela, statt. Anna Hofsäß beleuchtet das diesjährige Festival, dessen Thema „Fragilität“ war, und sprach mit dem Fotografen Samsul Alam Helal.
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
Theretra monteironis
Creators: name: Bąkowski, Marek
name: László, Gyula M.
name: Takano, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Sphingidae
Theretra
Theretra monteironis

description: 71. Theretra monteironis (Butler, 1882) (Figs. 115-116)
Material examined:
 Gorongosa National Park: [4B] – 1 ex.; [4E] – 4 exs.; [4P] – 1 ex.; Chimanimani National Reserve: [18] – 1 ex.; [19] – 3 exs.; Maputo Special Reserve: [28] – 5 exs.; [30A] – 14 exs.; [30B] – 3 exs.; [30D] – 1 ex.; [30F] – 1 ex.; [30G] – 1 ex.; [30H] – 1 ex.
description: Published as part of Bąkowski, Marek, László, Gyula M. & Takano, Hitoshi, 2020, A contribution to the knowledge of the Sphingidae fauna of Mozambique, pp. 45-77 in Ecologica Montenegrina 35 on page 72, DOI: 10.37828/em.2020.35.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13232145
Literatur aus Kerala
Creators: name: Punnamparambil, Jose
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Kerala und Deutschland blicken auf eine mehr als 500-jährige Geschichte ihrer Zusammenarbeit zurück, insbesondere bei der Entwicklung und Förderung der Malayalam-Sprache und -Literatur. Drei deutsche Missionare, Hanxleden (ein Jesuit aus Osnabrück), Gundert (ein Basler Missionar) und Nagel (ein Lutheraner aus Basel) haben sich in Kerala zwei bis drei Dekaden lang aufgehalten, die Sprachen Sanskrit und Malayalam gründlich gelernt und durch ihre fundierten Werke dazu beigetragen, dass sich Malayalam als moderne, schöpferische Sprache entwickeln konnte. Ein Projekt von in Deutschland lebenden Malayalis hat sich vorgenommen, an diese Tradition anzuknüpfen.
description: Südasien, Bd. 37 Nr. 1 (2017): Bestandsaufnahmen
title: Content Moderation in the Era of Generative AI
Creators: name: Bethany, Emet
name: Bethany, Mazal
name: Najafirad, Peyman
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Machine learning

description: In today's digital landscape, billions of individuals express themselves online daily, necessitating effective content moderation to manage non-compliant expressions. This study introduces a novel method for policy-driven content moderation that combines the strengths of human oversight with the capabilities of advanced visual language models (VLMs). Our approach addresses two critical challenges in content moderation: providing accurate rationales for content flagging and effectively handling potentially problematic content while preserving compliant areas. The system analyzes user-generated content by cross-referencing it against predefined content moderation policies, utilizing VLMs to detect and interpret visual elements within the content. To address these challenges, we propose a two-step process. First, we perform visual reasoning by designing a VLM conditioned on pre-trained content classifiers to generate accurate, policy-grounded rationales for flagging content. Second, we introduce a counterfactual explanation algorithm for minimal identification and handling of non-compliant regions. This algorithm employs a content classifier attribution matrix to guide optimal subregion segmentation, followed by an informed greedy search to determine the minimum number of subregions required to modify the classifier's output. Additionally, our method incorporates a content obfuscation mechanism that selectively modifies or conceals non-compliant content, preventing the spread of potentially harmful material. We conducted extensive experiments on data from social networks to evaluate our method. The results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed approach in providing accurate rationales and achieving minimal, effective handling of non-compliant content. This work contributes to the development of more transparent and efficient content moderation systems on social media platforms, and addresses the computational challenges inherent in managing vast quantities of online content while enhancing user trust and platform safety.
title: Numerical Investigation of Angular Particle Dynamics
Creators: name: Tubije, John Michael B.
name: Ciri, Umberto
name: Rodríguez-Abudo, Sylvia
name: Leonardi, Stefano
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid mechanics
subject: Particle dynamics

description: Suspended particles in fluid flows are typically modeled as spheres due to their isotropic properties, which simplify the resolution of particle shape, dynamics, and kinematics. While existing literature has extensively studied spheroidal particles that can either be prolate(rod-shaped) or oblate(disk-shaped), natural sediment grains often exhibit angularity. These edges as well as the non-isotropic shape can lead to different dynamic and kinematic behaviors compared to non-angular particles. In this study, we model angular particles as octahedrons using the Immersed Boundary Method. The first part of the study involves direct numerical simulations of oscillatory flow over a bed of angular particles to compare stress distributions with those over spherical beds. The second part examines the dynamic behavior differences among spherical, spheroidal, and octahedral particles in steady flow. Particle layout significantly influences rotation statistics, with upstream particle wakes affecting the torque on downstream particles.
In eigener Sache: Das Südasienbüro braucht Ihre Unterstützung
Creators: name: Ernst, Sonja
name: Falter, Fabian
name: Wessler, Heinz Werner
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: Hiermit wenden wir, der Vorstand des Südasienbüros, uns einmal direkt an Sie, liebe Leserin und lieber Leser. Anlass ist die finanzielle Situation des Vereins und die Notwendigkeit einer soliden Förderung. 2016 war ein Stresstest für den Verein: In finanzieller Hinsicht sowie bedingt durch verschiedene Personalwechsel. Viele Leser/-innen wissen möglicherweise nicht viel über das Südasienbüro. Um die Situation des Vereins zu verstehen, wollen wir die Arbeit im Verein vorstellen und die aktuellen Probleme beschreiben. Ebenso wollen wir unsere Perspektive schildern und unterstreichen, warum wir es für wichtig halten, dass unser Engagement weitergeht.
description: Südasien, Bd. 37 Nr. 1 (2017): Bestandsaufnahmen
Theretra mothironi Haxaire & Melichar 2012
Creators: name: Bąkowski, Marek
name: László, Gyula M.
name: Takano, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Sphingidae
Theretra
Theretra mothironi

description: 72. Theretra mothironi Haxaire & Melichar, 2012 (Fig. 117)
Material examined:
 Gorongosa National Park: [4B] – 2 exs.; [4E] – 1 ex.; Chimanimani National Reserve: [19] – 1 ex.
description: Published as part of Bąkowski, Marek, László, Gyula M. & Takano, Hitoshi, 2020, A contribution to the knowledge of the Sphingidae fauna of Mozambique, pp. 45-77 in Ecologica Montenegrina 35 on page 72, DOI: 10.37828/em.2020.35.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13232145
Are vitamin D receptor gene rs731236, rs2228570 and NOS3 gene rs3138808 polymorphisms associated with diabetic retinopathy?
Creators: name: Taşkın, Emre
name: Coşkun, Mehmet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Despite efforts to date, little is known about the genetic background of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Pathogenesis of DR involves processes like inflammation, proliferation and angiogenesis that vitamin D receptor (VDR) and endothelial nitric oxide (NOS3) genes are involved. Investigation of associations between VDR gene rs731236, rs2228570 and NOS3 gene rs3138808 polymorphisms and diabetic retinopathy was aimed. 260 participants were divided into three groups: controls (n = 83), non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (n = 101) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (n = 46). PCR-RFLP assay was used for genotyping. Genotype and allele frequencies as well as basic characteristics were compared both between groups and intragroup. Mean FPG (p = 0.003), mean HbA1c (%) (p = 0.007) and mean HbA1c (p = 0.003) were significantly different between groups. Mean FPG of NPDR patients in rs731236 polymorphism was significantly different between genotypes under additive model (p = 0.018). Under dominant model, mean FPG of NPDR patients in rs731236 was significantly different between TT and TC+CC genotypes (p = 0.009). Under dominant model regarding rs2228570, mean BUN level of homozygous wild-type genotype was significantly higher than that of polymorphic allele carriers of NPDR group (p = 0.022). Regarding rs2228570 polymorphism, plasma creatine level of polymorphic genotypes was significantly lower than that of wild type genotype in control group (p = 0.040). Allele and genotype frequencies among groups were not significantly different (p > 0.05). Binary regression analysis didn’t indicate any significant influence on having DR (p > 0.05, all). In the studied population, this study is the first to investigate and demonstrate that VDR gene polymorphisms rs731236 and rs2228570 and NOS3 gene polymorphism rs3138808 are not associated with diabetic retinopathy.
Theretra orpheus subsp. orpheus
Creators: name: Bąkowski, Marek
name: László, Gyula M.
name: Takano, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Sphingidae
Theretra
Theretra orpheus
Theretra orpheus orpheus (herrich-Schäffer, 1854)

description: 73. Theretra orpheus orpheus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1854) (Fig. 114)
Material examined:
 Maputo Special Reserve: [27B] – 1 ex.; [30B] – 2 exs.
description: Published as part of Bąkowski, Marek, László, Gyula M. & Takano, Hitoshi, 2020, A contribution to the knowledge of the Sphingidae fauna of Mozambique, pp. 45-77 in Ecologica Montenegrina 35 on page 72, DOI: 10.37828/em.2020.35.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13232145
title: Using Kwant to Unveil a Non-sinusoidal Current-phase Relation in a Semiconductor-superconductor Josephson Junction
Creators: name: Feldman, K.
name: Hao, Z.
name: Shankar, S.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum physics

description: The Josephson junction (JJ) is seen in many applications, such as superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs), which are extremely sensitive magnetometers; Superconducting Nonlinear Asymmetric Inductive eLements (SNAILs), which are used in quantum-limited parametric amplifiers; and in the development of quantum computers, where they are used as the basic elements of superconducting qubits. Recently, semiconductor-superconductor based JJs drew attention due to experimentally observed intrinsically lower nonlinearity compared to conventional Al/AlOx-based JJs. This indicates that the current phase relation (CPR) of such JJs are non-sinusoidal, unlike their Al/AlOx counterparts. So far, no direct modeling of this non-sinusoidal CPR has been reported. To study the non-sinusoidal current-phase relationship in this new semi-super JJ, we use Kwant, a Python package that simulates mesoscopic scale quantum transport systems using a tight binding model. We model a semi-super JJ as a 2D electron gas inside of a variable size insulator between two superconducting leads. It uses tight-binding hamiltonians to compute physical quantities like conductance, wavefunctions, and the local density of states in those systems. We simulate the Andreev bound state energies as a function of the superconducting phase. These energy bands allow us to calculate the current associated with each superconducting phase difference, after which we use Fourier analysis and Taylor expansion to study its nonlinearity. A reasonably sized Kwant model on a powerful laptop took nearly a full day to run, so we built Kwant from source on the TACC supercomputer Frontera, to use MUMPS, a sparse matrix solver. Using a parallelized Kwant program, this configuration now allows us to take advantage of both thread and process based parallelization on a full compute node of 56 cores to run simulations at least 2 orders of magnitude larger in about 4 hours.
Endspiel beginnt
Creators: name: Imhasly, Bernard
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2021

description: In mehreren Ländern Südasiens wird demnächst gewählt. Nicht nur Pakistan geht dieses Jahr an die Urnen. Das Fest der Demokratie wird auch in Bangladesch und in den Malediven gefeiert. In Indien sind Regionalwahlen in zehn Bundesstaaten angesagt, quasi die „Primärwahlen“ für die Endausscheidung im Jahr darauf. 2014 ist auch das Datum für die Präsidentschaftswahl in Afghanistan. In welchem Zustand befindet sich das Land? Und wo steht Präsident Hamid Karzai? Er darf nicht mehr kandidieren, und die Afghanen stellen sich die bange Frage, wer ihm wohl folgen wird.
description: Südasien, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (2013): Dalits
title: Impact of Aerosol-Cloud Interactions on Weather Patterns: Insights from WRF-Chem SBM-MOSAIC Simulations Over Texas
Creators: name: Khorshidian, Nima
name: Choi, Yunsoo
name: Mousavinezhad, Seyedali
name: Pouyaei, Arman
name: Park, Jincheol
name: Fan, Jiwen
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Climate science

description: Understanding aerosol-cloud interactions is crucial for accurate weather forecasting and air quality modeling due to their significant effects on precipitation, cloud dynamics, and aerosol dispersion. In this study, we utilized the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) to investigate how advanced meteorological simulations, enhanced by sophisticated microphysics parameterizations and data assimilation techniques, influence air quality outcomes across Texas during August 19-20, 2022. The study explored four modeling configurations: (1) Morrison two-moment bulk microphysics, (2) Morrison’s scheme with observation nudging, (3) the Spectral Bin Microphysics (SBM), and (4) SBM with observation nudging. While the SBM scheme provides a detailed representation of aerosol-cloud processes, our focus was on assessing how these improved meteorological simulations contribute to more accurate air quality predictions. Our results indicated a stepwise improvement in simulation accuracy, starting from the Morrison scheme and significantly enhanced by the SBM scheme when combined with observation nudging. Notably, the SBM with nudging configuration substantially improved the model's ability to capture convective precipitation, aligning more closely with NEXRAD radar reflectivity data. Specifically, in Houston, the correlation coefficient (R) increased from -0.21 to 0.82, the index of agreement (IOA) from 0.10 to 0.87, and the normalized mean bias (NMB) decreased from 99% to 34%. These improvements in meteorology also led to more accurate PM2.5 concentration predictions, particularly through better representation of aerosol washout during rainfall. For instance, in Houston, the SBM with nudging reduced the NMB in PM2.5 simulations from -20% to 5% and improved IOA from 0.43 to 0.61. Similarly, in San Antonio, the NMB improved from -27% to -22%, R increased from 0.48 to 0.82, and IOA from 0.66 to 0.86. Our findings highlight the critical role of precise meteorological inputs in enhancing the reliability of air quality models, especially in terms of aerosol-cloud interaction dynamics and precipitation processes.
Centroctena imitans
Creators: name: Bąkowski, Marek
name: László, Gyula M.
name: Takano, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Sphingidae
Centroctena
Centroctena imitans

description: 74. Centroctena imitans (Butler, 1882) (Figs 121-122)
Material examined:
 Maputo Special Reserve: [27B] – 1 ex.; [28] – 1 ex.; [30A] – 16 exs.; [30B] – 5 exs.; [30D] – 2 exs.; [30F] – 4 exs.; [30G] – 3 exs.
description: Published as part of Bąkowski, Marek, László, Gyula M. & Takano, Hitoshi, 2020, A contribution to the knowledge of the Sphingidae fauna of Mozambique, pp. 45-77 in Ecologica Montenegrina 35 on page 74, DOI: 10.37828/em.2020.35.5, http://zenodo.org/record/13232145
Poster: OXN - Automated Observability Assessments for Cloud-Native Applications
Creators: name: Borges, Maria C.
name: Bauer, Joshua
name: Werner, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: observability
microservice architectures
observability assessments
cloud-native
software architecture

description: Poster for the paper "OXN - Automated Observability Assessments for Cloud-Native Applications" presented at the 21st International Conference on Software Architecture (ICSA’24) on June 4-8 2024 in Hyderabad India