cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Novel phase transitions in XY Antiferromagnets on Plane Triangulations
Creators: name: Lv, Jian-Ping
name: Garoni, Timothy M.
name: Deng, Youjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling, we investigate the XY antiferromagnet on the triangular, Union Jack and bisected-hexagonal lattices, and in each case find both Ising and Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions. As is well-known, on the triangular lattice, as the temperature decreases the system develops chiral order for temperatures $T < \Tc$, and then quasi-long-range magnetic order on its sublattices when $T < \Ts$, with $\Ts < \Tc$. The behavior $\Ts \Tc$, before chiral order develops. In some cases, the sublattice spins then undergo a second transition, of Ising type, separating two quasi-long-range ordered phases. On the Union Jack lattice, the magnetization on the degree-4 sublattice remains disordered until $\Tc$ and then undergoes an Ising transition to a quasi-long-range ordered phase.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures. Version 2 is completely rewritten in a more reader-friendly style
Phonological Vocabulary Size and Depth in Chinese Listening Comprehension
Creators: name: Li, Qiuchen
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: phonological vocabulary size
subject: phonological vocabulary depth
subject: listening comprehension
subject: Language
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Numerous studies have examined the relationship among orthographic (written) vocabulary size, depth and listening comprehension. However, there is a notable gap in research regarding how phonological (aural) vocabulary size and depth are related to listening comprehension and how this relationship changes over time. This gap in research may be due to the lack of valid and reliable tests for measuring phonological vocabulary size and depth. To address this, two vocabulary tests were developed to measure phonological vocabulary size and depth and investigate their correlation with listening comprehension. The study further explored developmental trajectories of phonological vocabulary size and depth and their dynamic correlations with listening comprehension over a semester. Sixty-three Chinese learners at beginning, intermediate and advanced proficiency levels participated in the cross-sectional phase of the formal study. Participants completed the listening part of a Chinese proficiency test and two vocabulary tests specifically designed for the study and validated based on the Rasch model. Moreover, in the longitudinal phase of the formal study, nine additional participants finished these three tests and a subsequent interview four times during the semester. The results showed that there were significant positive correlations among phonological vocabulary size, depth and listening comprehension. However, it was observed that only vocabulary depth significantly contributed to listening comprehension accuracy. The study identified more varied patterns in the developmental trajectories of phonological vocabulary size compared with depth, including continuous decline, progress and off-and-on progress. The dynamic correlations between them and listening comprehension also revealed diverse patterns, including connected and competitive growers, and competition-support as well as support-competition shift. These patterns indicate the changing distribution of internal and external resources, such as time spent on learning Chinese, motivation, and interaction with teachers in class. The study not only provides two valid and reliable instruments for measuring Chinese learners’ phonological vocabulary size and depth but also enriches theoretical understanding of their roles in listening processes. Additionally, it sheds light on the developmental trajectories of phonological vocabulary size and depth, revealing not only progress but also attrition, and the evolving nature of their relationships with listening comprehension.
Additional file 1 of PUResNet: prediction of protein-ligand binding sites using deep residual neural network
Creators: name: Kandel, Jeevan
name: Tayara, Hilal
name: Chong, Kil To
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Feature visualization. Includes 3D plot of different features used in the study
Perturbative and nonperturbative contributions to the strange quark asymmetry in the nucleon
Creators: name: Feng, Guan-Qiu
name: Cao, Fu-Guang
name: Guo, Xin-Heng
name: Signal, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two mechanisms for the generation of an asymmetry between the strange and anti-strange quark distributions in the nucleon: nonperturbative contributions originating from nucleons fluctuating into virtual baryon-meson pairs such as $ΛK$ and $ΣK$, and perturbative contributions arising from gluons splitting into strange and anti-strange quark pairs. While the nonperturbative contributions are dominant in the large-$x$ region, the perturbative contributions are more significant in the small-$x$ region. We calculate this asymmetry taking into account both nonperturbative and perturbative contributions, thus giving a more accurate evaluation of this asymmetry over the whole domain of $x$. We find that the perturbative contributions are generally a few times larger in magnitude than the nonperturbative contributions, which suggests that the best region to detect this asymmetry experimentally is in the region $0.02 < x < 0.03$. We find that the asymmetry may have more than one node, which is an effect that should be taken into account, e.g. for parameterizations of the strange and anti-strange quark distributions used in global analysis of parton distributions.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, figures comparing theoretical calculations with NNPDF global analysis added, accepted for publication in EPJC
Objectivity and Promoting Public Trust in Value-Laden Science
Creators: name: Blomme, Laurence
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: value-laden science
subject: public trust
subject: scientific objectivity
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Education--Sciences

description: Public trust in science is crucially important to its proper operation and effectiveness in society. Despite this importance, questions about whether science should be trusted arise in areas of high concern to the lives of the people its conclusions affect. Claims about vaccines, climate change, and health directives have come to be trusted less as time passes (Lupia et al. 2024). Contributing to this problem, it is unclear to scientists or to philosophers exactly what makes science worthy of public trust. Unless it is trustworthy, the public will not act based on scientific conclusions regardless of how necessary such action is for scientific processes to be effective. Some philosophers have suggested that in order to improve public trust, the public themselves must be more involved with science, while others have suggested that scientists must make particular efforts to make their own work trustworthy. In this work, I discuss these two broad themes and argue that while each promising, alone they are insufficient for grounding public trust in science. I then consider a third alternative: that objectivity is crucially related to the trustworthiness of science. I argue that taking objectivity as fundamental to public trust in science allows for the development of a more integrative approach with other authors’ work and provides promising avenues for future research.
On the structure of blue phase III
Creators: name: Henrich, O.
name: Stratford, K.
name: Cates, M. E.
name: Marenduzzo, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report large scale simulations of the blue phases of cholesteric liquid crystals. Our results suggest a structure for blue phase III, the blue fog, which has been the subject of a long debate in liquid crystal physics. We propose that blue phase III is an amorphous network of disclination lines, which is thermodynamically and kinetically stabilised over crystalline blue phases at intermediate chiralities}. This amorphous network becomes ordered under an applied electric field, as seen in experiments.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
title: Нейромаркетинг
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Балауса, Алматы Менеджмент Университет
Year: 2022

description: Люди совершают покупки в основном по двум причинам: либо для получения положительных эмоций, либо для решения какой-то проблемы. В связи с перенасыщением предложений на рынке и избалованности потребителя, появилась необходимость совершенствования и инструментов маркетинга. Ранее считалось, что человек рационален. Маркетинговые кампании строились на описании рациональных преимуществ товаров и услуг. Сейчас результаты многочисленных исследований и последних открытий в экономике доказали главенство эмоциональной составляющей в поведении потребителей. В учебном пособии «Нейромаркетинг» описан новый подход в экономике бизнеса, который направлен на понимание процессов принятия потребителями решений с помощью физиологических методов измерения активности мозга. Представленные в учебном пособии нейробиологические основы и методы исследования, помогут понять студентам высших учебных заведений Республики Казахстан что такое нейромаркетинг и как мы можем извлечь выгоду из результатов нейромаркетинговых исследований.
Additional file 16 of A novel virtual barcode strategy for accurate panel-wide variant calling in circulating tumor DNA
Creators: name: Wu, Leilei
name: Deng, Qinfang
name: Xu, Ze
name: Zhou, Songwen
name: Li, Chao
name: Li, Yi-Xue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 16. Supplementary methods.
Convex optimization problem prototyping for image reconstruction in computed tomography with the Chambolle-Pock algorithm
Creators: name: Sidky, Emil Y.
name: Jørgensen, Jakob H.
name: Pan, Xiaochuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primal-dual optimization algorithm developed in Chambolle and Pock (CP), 2011 is applied to various convex optimization problems of interest in computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction. This algorithm allows for rapid prototyping of optimization problems for the purpose of designing iterative image reconstruction algorithms for CT. The primal-dual algorithm is briefly summarized in the article, and its potential for prototyping is demonstrated by explicitly deriving CP algorithm instances for many optimization problems relevant to CT. An example application modeling breast CT with low-intensity X-ray illumination is presented.
description: Resubmitted to Physics in Medicine and Biology. Text has been modified according to referee comments, and typos in the equations have been corrected
Additional file 2 of PUResNet: prediction of protein-ligand binding sites using deep residual neural network
Creators: name: Kandel, Jeevan
name: Tayara, Hilal
name: Chong, Kil To
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2.Model description. Includes description of different model blocks with figures.
Investor Sentiment in the Canadian Energy Service Sector
Creators: name: Taggart, Riley
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Business Administration--Management

description: This paper explores the idea of investor sentiment and its application within a specific market. The Canadian Energy Service industry 2014-2019 was a space of great volatility and this study will explore that industry and region to understand if the behavior of investors in that era was driven by the fundamental performance of the portfolio firms or if the less tangible effects of sentiment played a heightened role. This three-part study includes a general theoretical exploration of the ideas of sentiment, a set of qualitative interview data sets, and a quantitative study. The results of these studies contribute to the understanding of sentiment in small market applications and the exploration of executive attitudes toward the public market.
DISCUSSIONS ON THE GROWTH EFFICIENCY OF MONETARY POLICY IN PERIODS OF SHRINKING: WIDE SET OF COUNTRY ANALYSIS
Creators: name: DEMİRTAŞ, Tuğba
Publisher: name: ISAR Publisher
Year: 2023
Subjects: Expansionary Monetary Policy, Growth. (Jel Codes: E5, E52, O4).

description: Although monetary policy shifts from traditional policies to non-traditional policies, the policy effect is basically created through interest and monetary expansion channels. There is a wide area of discussion in the literature, in which inflation is also taken into account, on the effect on growth through interest and monetary expansion. In this study, while discussing the expansionary monetary policies and growth efficiency applied in the periods when the economies are shrinking, the reflection of the policies on the growth will be examined with an analysis consisting of a wide set of countries. To measure the growth effectiveness of monetary policy in contracting periods, the 2007-2016 period was examined with the data set of 110 countries. With the System GMM method, 4 basic growth variables and 4 monetary policy variables were taken into account. To measure the policies of the contraction period, the period 2007-2009, which is common for all countries, was examined. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the inflation-growth trade-off was less in all countries, and interest and investment policies supported growth. It is observed that monetary aggregates do not have a significant effect.
When Hydrocarbon Agendas Meet Indigenous Agency: Political Ecologies of Oil Conflicts in Ecuador’s Yasuni Amazon Forest
Creators: name: Borja, Danilo
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Indigenous
subject: Political ecology
subject: Amazon forest
subject: Gender equality
subject: Benefit sharing agreements
subject: Oil policy
subject: Violence
subject: Energy
subject: Literature--Latin American

description: The Amazon Forest is a highly biodiverse and culturally rich region with global significance for combating climate change. However, extractive activities (e.g., oil drilling) threaten the region by accelerating its deforestation and increasing poverty and inequity. This Ph.D. dissertation focuses on the multiscale politics of oil conflicts in the Ecuadorian Amazon, addressing questions relevant to indigeneity, violence, gender, and oil benefit-sharing policies. This study focuses on a worldwide visible case for hydrocarbon governance: Ecuador's Amazon Yasuní Biosphere Reserve. The Yasuní is in Ecuador’s northeastern Amazon and comprises the Waorani Ethnic Reserve, Intangible Zone, the Yasuní National Park, and transition and buffer zones. The region is the ancestral home of the Waorani, who are among Ecuador's most recently contacted Indigenous groups and have traditional Waorani (known earlier as Huaorani) tribes continuing to live in voluntary isolation. Over the past decades, the area has seen increasing territorial conflict and political contradictions between Indigenous agendas, climate efforts, changes in resource distribution policies, and the expansion of oil extraction in the region. Theoretically, this dissertation uses political ecology concepts and approaches to analyze power relationships and political strategies of key actors in this governance system, including the Waorani, the state, and oil companies. Empirically, this study draws on participant observation, interviews, and document analysis. The findings illustrate how local, national, and global pressures have shaped and been shaped by conflicts over resource distribution, gender constructions, indigeneity, and political participation, highlighting the fundamental role of constructions of Indigenous subjectivities in shaping this governance system. Given the complex socio-environmental dynamics seen in the Yasuní, this research contributes to resource governance literature and policy.
Additional file 3 of PUResNet: prediction of protein-ligand binding sites using deep residual neural network
Creators: name: Kandel, Jeevan
name: Tayara, Hilal
name: Chong, Kil To
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3. KFold training and validation results. Includes validation, training graph, success rate graph and histogram of DVO of different folds
Production Analysis in Tight/Shale Reservoirs Via Machine Learning Approaches
Creators: name: Wang, Hai
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Unconventional reservoirs
subject: Machine learning
subject: Production forecast
subject: Physics-informed neural network
subject: Time series
subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering--Chemical

description: The development of unconventional tight/shale gas reservoirs has undergone a revolutionary transformation, primarily fueled by advancements in horizontal drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies. These innovations have enabled the economical extraction of hydrocarbons from formations characterized by low permeability and complex fracture networks, positioning tight/shale gas as a pivotal component of the global energy mix. The accurate prediction of well production dynamics in these complex formations is a formidable challenge. Traditional empirical and numerical approaches, often fall short due to their inherent simplifications or computational demands. With the surge in data availability from unconventional reservoir developments, leveraging data-driven models for predicting well performance has become increasingly feasible and necessary. This thesis presents a comprehensive suite of machine learning frameworks to predict and enhance well production dynamics in tight/shale gas reservoirs. Initial efforts focus on predicting the first-year cumulative production of infill wells and optimizing their placement and stimulation design. Then, the study delves into the prediction of long-term production dynamics of shale gas wells using a dual-stage attention-based sequence-to-sequence model with some hard physics constraints. By encoding both tabular and time-series data, this model demonstrates superior accuracy and robustness in forecasting well production, outperforming traditional machine learning approaches. Subsequently, a novel physics-informed neural network approach is introduced to deduce the governing partial differential equation for shale gas production decline characterization, integrating Caputo fractional derivatives to capture the heavy-tailed phenomena in production series, thus offering a balance between interpretability and predictive capability. Further, the thesis explores the competitive adsorption of CH4/CO2 in shale formations using a Genetic Algorithm pruned Neural Network. This model robustly predicts the adsorption capacities, offering critical insights for CO2-enhanced shale gas recovery strategies and contributing to carbon capture and storage efforts.
Harnessing radical reactivity with paramagnetic organometallic chromium complexes
Creators: name: MacLeod, Kenneth Cory
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: First-row transition metal complexes are increasingly being investigated as catalysts for organic synthesis. In addition to being more abundant, less expensive, and often less toxic compared to their second and third-row analogues, first-row complexes often exhibit complementary reactivity in the form of single-electron reaction pathways. One way of avoiding this complementary reactivity has been to use redox noninnocent ligands to enforce two-electron chemistry. An alternative is to embrace the radical reactivity of first-row metals. Keeping this in mind, a CpCr β-diketiminate ligand platform, where Cp = cyclopentadienyl, was used to study Cr–C bond homolysis with a series of well-defined paramagnetic Cr(III) hydrocarbyl complexes. The results of that investigation led to the development of the first example of a single-component Cr initiator/mediator for organometallic mediated radical polymerization. Carbon–carbon bond forming reactions for organic synthesis were also targeted. A protocol was established for the Cr-catalyzed radical cyclization of bromo and chloroacetals, in which the first example of chloroacetal cyclization under catalytic conditions is reported. A tertiary phosphine was also prepared by radical C–P bond formation using a Cr catalyst. Like many low-valent transition metal complexes, the Cr(II) compounds reported herein were extremely air-sensitive, leading to the formation of oxidation products containing strong Cr–O bonds. Methods were developed to selectively break the Cr–O bonds to convert the oxidized species back to catalytically relevant compounds and to reduce the need for stringent oxygen-free reaction conditions. The final chapter examines the use of well-defined Cr compounds for C–C bond forming reactions that occur at the metal centre, as opposed to the free radical mechanisms discussed in the other chapters. Replacing the β-diketiminate ligand with a deprotonated benzylamine provided a ligand platform that was structurally similar to the CpCr β-diketiminate system, but incorporated a reactive Cr–C bond that was used to study reductive elimination reactions for C–C bond formation. Initial results indicate that reductive elimination from a Cr(IV) intermediate is achieved by single-electron oxidation of a Cr(III) complex.
Power law Kohn anomaly in undoped graphene induced by Coulomb interactions
Creators: name: de Juan, Fernando
name: Fertig, Herbert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phonon dispersions generically display non-analytic points, known as Kohn anomalies, due to electron-phonon interactions. We analyze this phenomenon for a zone boundary phonon in undoped graphene. When electron-electron interactions with coupling constant $β$ are taken into account, one observes behavior demonstrating that the electrons are in a critical phase: the phonon dispersion and lifetime develop power law behavior with $β$ dependent exponents. The observation of this signature would allow experimental access to the critical properties of the electron state, and would provide a measure of its proximity to an excitonic insulating phase.
description: Some sections enlarged, new plot added
Additional file 4 of PUResNet: prediction of protein-ligand binding sites using deep residual neural network
Creators: name: Kandel, Jeevan
name: Tayara, Hilal
name: Chong, Kil To
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 4. Miscellaneous results.
Devoicing, Aspiration and Vowel Split in Haroi: Evidence For Register (Contrastive Tongue-Root Position)
Creators: name: Lee, Ernest (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1977

description: DEVOICING, ASPIRATION AND VOWEL SPLIT IN HAROI: EVIDENCE FOR REGISTER (CONTRASTIVE TONGUE-ROOT POSITION). 87 0. INTRODUCTION 87I. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS 88 2. MOTIVATING FACTOR(S) FOR VOWEL SPLIT AND ASPIRATION 92 3. MOTIVATING FACTOR(S) FOR DEVOICING 98Notes 100Bibliography 101
The Algebro-Geometric Solutions for the Ruijsenaars-Toda Hierarchy
Creators: name: Zhao, Peng
name: Fan, Engui
name: Hou, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a detailed treatment of Ruijsenaars-Toda (RT) hierarchy with special emphasis on its the theta function representation of all algebro-geometric solutions. The basic tools involve hyperelliptic curve $\mathcal{K}_p$ associated with the Burchnall-Chaundy polynomial, Dubrovin-type equations for auxiliary divisors and associated trace formulas. With the help of a foundamental meromorphic function $ϕ$, Baker-Akhiezer vector $Ψ$ on $\mathcal{K}_p$, the complex-valued algebro-geometric solutions of RT hierarchy are derived.
description: 49 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:nlin/0702058, arXiv:nlin/0611055 by other authors
Additional file 1 of Forecasting the length-of-stay of pediatric patients in hospitals: a scoping review
Creators: name: Medeiros, Natália B.
name: Fogliatto, Flavio S.
name: Rocha, Miriam K.
name: Tortorella, Guilherme L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Radiative Corrections to Scalar Masses and Mixing in a Scale Invariant Two Higgs Doublet Model
Creators: name: Lee, Jae Sik
name: Pilaftsis, Apostolos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Higgs-boson mass spectrum of a classical scale-invariant realization of the two-Higgs-doublet model (SI-2HDM). The classical scale symmetry of the theory is explicitly broken by quantum loop effects due to gauge interactions, Higgs self-couplings and top-quark Yukawa couplings. We determine the allowed parameter space compatible with perturbative unitarity and electroweak precision data. Taking into account the LEP and the recent LHC exclusion limits on a Standard-Model-like Higgs boson H_SM, we obtain rather strict constraints on the mass spectrum of the heavy Higgs sector of the SI-2HDM. In particular, if M_{H_SM} \sim 125 GeV, the SI-2HDM strongly favours scenarios, in which at least one of the non-standard neutral Higgs bosons has a mass close to 400 GeV and is generically degenerate with the charged Higgs boson, whilst the third neutral Higgs scalar is lighter than ~ 500 GeV.
description: 27 pages, 5 eps figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 2 of Forecasting the length-of-stay of pediatric patients in hospitals: a scoping review
Creators: name: Medeiros, Natália B.
name: Fogliatto, Flavio S.
name: Rocha, Miriam K.
name: Tortorella, Guilherme L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 3 of Forecasting the length-of-stay of pediatric patients in hospitals: a scoping review
Creators: name: Medeiros, Natália B.
name: Fogliatto, Flavio S.
name: Rocha, Miriam K.
name: Tortorella, Guilherme L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3.
The Role of CHD6 in the DNA Damage Response
Creators: name: Provencher, Luc
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cells can often experience oxidative stress from events or processes such as dysfunctional metabolism, acute or chronic inflammation, hyper proliferation, and/or exposure to oxidizing or ionizing agents. Oxidative damage to DNA is one of the most common forms of DNA damage, thus cells have evolved mechanisms to cope with and repair lesions to prevent mutation accumulation and promote cell survival. One of the earliest responses to oxidative DNA damage is the activation of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymerase, resulting in the formation of negatively charged polymers on proteins, chromatin, and DNA, thereby recruiting repair factors and chromatin remodeling enzymes to reshape chromatin at damage sites. Remodeling of chromatin is critical for cellular resilience to oxidative stress, due to the refractory effect that nucleosome arrays can have on DNA damage signalling and repair. The Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding (CHD) 6 (CHD6) chromatin remodeling enzyme is recruited to sites of oxidative DNA damage in a PAR-dependent manner and is known to be important for preserving cell health during oxidative stress conditions; however, its exact role in repair and DNA repair outcomes is not fully understood. To discover the molecular mechanism by which CHD6 is regulated by and functions within the oxidative DNA damage response, I carried out biochemical, molecular, and cellular studies investigating how individual protein domains of CHD6 contribute to its recruitment and retention at DNA damage sites induced by laser micro-irradiation, and what happens to cells when CHD6 function is lost. I identified CHD6 as capable of directly binding PAR, and that both a functional PAR interacting motif and previously undescribed DNA binding domain are required for effective localization and retention of CHD6 at DNA damage sites. Investigating the biological outcomes of CHD6 loss, I discovered that CHD6-/- normal human tissue-derived cells are sensitive to PARP-trapping small molecule inhibitors and other causes of DNA replication stress, identifying a mechanism of synthetic lethality between CHD6 function and PARP-trapping drugs that does not depend on defective homologous recombination repair. Through molecular biology and mass spectrometry-based techniques, I have identified CHD6 as a base excision repair accessory factor, whose loss causes the accumulation of abasic sites in the genome. Consequently, treatment with PARP-trapping inhibitors results in overwhelming replication stress in CHD6-/- cells that proves lethal to cells. My work has compelling implications for cancer therapy development, where identification of novel ways to increase the effectiveness of PARP inhibitors or overcome acquired resistance to these drugs can positively impact patient outcomes.
Difficulty in Transitioning from Medical Residency to Independent Practice in Pathology
Creators: name: Ayala, Gabriel Eduardo
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Competency-Based Medical Education
subject: Personality
subject: Transition to Independent Medical Practice
subject: Feedback
subject: Education

description: Transitioning from residency to medical independent medical practice may be a difficult experience for physicians. In this thesis, I explore this issue amongst Canadian Pathologists through an online survey of 118 practicing pathologists and 11 follow-up in-depth one-on-one interviews. Survey results revealed that only 40% of participants reported that they did not experience difficulty transitioning to independent practice. I used a mixed methods approach to determine themes associated with difficulty transitioning. I then developed a psychological traits profile for pathologists based on the Big 5 psychological traits and looked for differences in psychological profiles between individuals who reported difficulty and those who did not. Only minor differences were observed. The biggest predictor of difficulty transitioning was the Royal College specialty with Anatomic Pathologists experiencing significantly more difficulty than General Pathologists. This difference may relate to increased opportunity for graded responsibility in General Pathology residency training programs. Finally, I explored the way pathology residents perceive different forms of feedback and offered recommendations to residency training programs on ways that feedback could be optimized to best support the transition to independent practice.
Competition for finite resources
Creators: name: Cook, L. Jonathan
name: Zia, R. K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resources in a cell are finite, which implies that the various components of the cell must compete for resources. One such resource is the ribosomes used during translation to create proteins. Motivated by this example, we explore this competition by connecting two totally asymmetric simple exclusion processes (TASEPs) to a finite pool of particles. Expanding on our previous work, we focus on the effects on the density and current of having different entry and exit rates.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, v2: minor revisions, v3: additional reference & minor corrections
Efficient Bounded Timestamping from Standard Synchronization Primitives
Creators: name: Jamadi, Ali
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Theory of computation
subject: Shared memory algorithms
subject: Bounded Timestamping
subject: Computer Science

description: Timestamping systems are at the core of many solutions to fundamental problems in distributed algorithms [2, 4, 11, 13, 15, 22, 25, 27], and are well-studied. These systems allow processes to determine the temporal ordering of events by assigning a timestamp to each event and defining an ordering on the timestamps that corresponds to the temporal order of events. Israeli and Li [19] were the first to formalize a variation of these systems, called bounded timestamping systems (BTS), wherein the domain of timestamps is finite. They established a crucial lower bound that implies any BTS implementation, where the values of the timestamps assigned to events are sufficient to determine the temporal order of events, requires Ω(𝑛) bits to represent a timestamp. Existing BTS implementations [3, 6–8, 12, 20] have Ω(𝑛) step complexity and use registers of size Ω(𝑛) bits. This thesis introduces a novel specification for a bounded times- tamping system called marker based timestamping (MBT), which has a more efficient implementation than all prior BTS implementations and is still practical. An MBT object keeps track of 𝑚 markers where each marker belongs to a process and each process has at least one marker. It provides two functionalities: mark(𝑖) operation to mark the current point in time with marker 𝑖, and isEarlier(𝑖, 𝑗) to determine the temporal order of the events marked by markers 𝑖 and 𝑗. Note that the lower bound of Israeli and Li does not apply to an MBT object. We present a linearizable, wait-free MBT implementation with constant step complexity from 𝑂(𝑚 · 𝑛) Compare-And-Swap (CAS) objects and a single bounded Fetch-And-Add (FAA) object, where each base object stores only 𝑂(log 𝑚) bits.
Characterization of Rose Essential Oils by Double-Region Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (DRAPCI-MS) with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), and Heatmap Analysis
Creators: name: Li, Minglei
name: Zhang, Yihan
name: Xi, Hui
name: Fu, Yingjie
name: Wang, Hui
name: Zhang, Yipeng
name: Sun, Shihao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Double-region atmospheric pressure chemical ionization – tandem mass spectrometry (DRAPCI-MS/MS) was used for the direct determination of the volatiles of Chinese Kushui rose essential oil (CKREO), Bulgaria Damask rose essential oil (BDREO), Turkish Damask rose essential oil (TDREO), and Moroccan Damask rose essential oil (MDREO). Eight shared aroma compounds of rose essential oils (REOs) were identified by DRAPCI-MS/MS. Twenty REOs of different species and geographical origins were conducted by principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and heatmap analysis. Moreover, the volatile components of REOs were determined by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Cluster analysis and a Venn diagram demonstrated significant differences among four populations of REOs. Both methods showed that the REOs from these populations were divided into two groups based on the species, presenting the reliability of the quantitative and chemometrics results of DRAPCI-MS. These results demonstrate that the DRAPCI-MS is suitable to identify the species responsible for the REOs.
Co-Axial, Closed Loop Geothermal Systems Modelling
Creators: name: Meehan, Gordon Seamus
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geothermal
subject: Numerical simulation
subject: District heating
subject: Engineering--Chemical

description: The Earth’s interior contains considerable unused thermal energy, far exceeding the current global energy demand. Using shallow geothermal sources for direct heating is a historically viable option. This thesis explored the exploitation of deeper sources with the use of a system of Coaxial Borehole Heat Exchangers (CBHEs). The CBHE system would be used to heat the northeast corner of the University of Calgary's main campus using horizontal wells. A computer model was developed to simulate the subsurface operation of a single CBHE. It utilized COMSOL Multiphysics 6.1, which solved the fluid flow and heat transfer physics equations using the finite element method. The CBHE’s geometry consists of a 2000 m deep well with a 2000 m lateral. The inner tubing of the well was seated concentrically within the outer casing. Various assumptions were made to simplify the model to decrease computation time and ease the convergence of a solution. These include modelling the entire geometry as one long axisymmetric system in two dimensions, neglecting the effects of the area between the bottom of the tubing and the bottom of the well, and neglecting the gravity effects. The model's accuracy and its assumptions were verified against experimental data and analytical derivations. The system's sensitivity to parameters such as the radii of the borehole and tubing, the fluid flow rate, tubing insulation properties, the number of wells, and the bottom hole temperature were investigated. Variations in these parameters directly influenced the injected and produced temperatures, impacting the system's thermal performance. One major finding was that when reinjecting unused heat, the CBHE performs better when the inner tubing is uninsulated. However, when keeping the injection temperature constant, the thermal performance was optimal with fully insulated tubing. Additionally, the time until thermal interaction between wells was explored by investigating their radial spacing; the time was found to be directly proportional to the square of the radial well spacing. Overall, a system of 44 CBHEs can provide the NE corner of the university campus with the necessary thermal power to match the 2019 usage.
Additional file 1 of Basement membrane proteins in various arterial beds from individuals with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: a proteome study
Creators: name: Steffensen, Lasse Bach
name: Iversen, Xenia Emilie Sinding
name: Hansen, Rasmus Søgaard
name: Jensen, Pia Søndergaard
name: Thorsen, Anne-Sofie Faarvang
name: Lindholt, Jes Sanddal
name: Riber, Lars Peter Schødt
name: Beck, Hans Christian
name: Rasmussen, Lars Melholt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Representative Masson trichrome and Weigert stainings of internal thoracic arteries (ITA), ascending thoracic aorta (ATA) and internal carotid artery with atherosclerotic plaque (ICA). Intima, media, adventitial and plaque compartments are shown as indicated.
Chru Phonemes
Creators: name: Puller, Eugene (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1977

description: CHRU PHONEMES. 77 0. INTRODUCTION 77 1. THE PHONOLOGICAL WORD 77 2. CONSONANTS 78 3. CONSONANT DISTRIBUTION 82 4. VOWELS 82 5. VOWEL DISTRIBUTION 84 6. NOTE ON A PROSODIC FEATURE 85Notes 86
Abstract composition laws and their modulation spaces
Creators: name: Mantoiu, Marius
name: Purice, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35S05, 42B35, 43A32

description: On classes of functions defined on R^2n we introduce abstract composition laws modelled after the pseudodifferential product of symbols. We attach to these composition laws modulation mappings and spaces with useful algebraic and topological properties.
description: 19 pages
Applying Reinforcement Learning to Physical Design Routing
Creators: name: Gandhi, Upma
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Reinforcement Learning
subject: Global Routing
subject: Physical Design
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Computer Science
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: Global routing is a significant step in designing an Integrated Circuit (IC). The quality of the global routing solution can affect its efficiency, functionality, and manufacturability. The Rip-up and Re-route (RRR) approach to global routing is widely used to generate solutions iteratively by ripping nets that cause violations and re-routing them. The main objective of this thesis is to model a complex problem such as global routing as an RL problem and test it on practical-sized routing benchmarks available in academia. The contributions presented in this thesis concentrate on automating the RRR approach by applying reinforcement learning (RL). The advantage of the RL over other machine learning-based models is that it can address the scarcity of data in the global routing field. All contributions model the RRR as an RL problem and present developed frameworks to generate solutions. The first contribution presented is called β Physical Design Router (β-PD-Router). Router and Ripper agents in this contribution are trained to resolve short violations on sample-sized circuits with size-independent features. β-PD-Router achieved ∼ 94 % accuracy to resolve violations on unseen netlists. An RL-based Ripper Framework has been developed as the second contribution to train a Ripper agent with the Advantage Actor-Critic RL algorithm to minimize short violations. One of the most current benchmark suits is used to test the performance of RL-Ripper. The third contribution discussed in this thesis is called the Ripper Framework 2.0, an extension to the Ripper Framework. It focuses on improving the generalizability of bigger designs by applying the Deep Q-Networks RL algorithm. After the first iteration of detailed routing, the guide generated with Ripper Framework 2.0 outperforms the state-of-the-route global router in the number of violations.
The rational cohomology of the mapping class group vanishes in its virtual cohomological dimension
Creators: name: Church, Thomas
name: Farb, Benson
name: Putman, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let Mod_g be the mapping class group of a genus g >= 2 surface. The group Mod_g has virtual cohomological dimension 4g-5. In this note we use a theorem of Broaddus and the combinatorics of chord diagrams to prove that H^{4g-5}(Mod_g; Q) = 0.
description: 4 pages. Final version, to appear in IMRN
Japanese Prosody and Its Role in Comprehensibility: Exploration and Training
Creators: name: Shimada, Masako
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Japanese
subject: prosody errors
subject: pitch accent
subject: segmental length contrast
subject: intelligibility
subject: comprehensibility
subject: prosody training
subject: focused instruction
subject: Education--Language and Literature
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Prosody has gained attention in L2 pronunciation research due to findings indicating that prosodic features, such as rhythm, stress, duration, and changes in pitch, have a great influence on listeners’ understanding. In Study 1, I investigated how Japanese prosody affects intelligibility and comprehensibility, with the goal of advancing our understanding of L2 Japanese prosody, as it has seen limited progress thus far. In the study, deliberate speech errors involving vowel length, consonant length, and pitch accent were produced by Japanese and English learners of Japanese. Words with and without these prosody errors were then evaluated by Japanese listeners. Results show that intelligibility is significantly affected by a combination of segmental length and pitch accent errors, while comprehensibility is almost equally impacted by each prosodic feature, whether combined or independent. Furthermore, while there is no significant difference in intelligibility of speech produced by Japanese and English L1 speakers, there is a significant difference for comprehensibility, suggesting that processing L2 speech requires more effort. In Study 2, I designed prosody training for English learners of Japanese, with a focus on vowel length and pitch accent. The training incorporated two methods—embodied and computer-assisted techniques—which were compared to determine their effectiveness in training these features. The accuracy of L2 perception and production of the target features was examined at pretest, posttest, and delayed posttest, revealing a significant overall improvement regardless of the methods used. This highlights the positive effects of both methods, yielding results within a short timeframe. These findings shed light on the crucial role of prosody in Japanese in improving L2 intelligibility and comprehensibility, which can be achieved by focused instruction using embodied and computer-assisted techniques. These techniques can be readily used in language classrooms, empowering teachers to develop effective pronunciation instruction.