cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A rapid-scan optical interferometric cross-correlator for time-resolved laser spectroscopy
Creators: name: Zhu, Rong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The rapid progress of short pulse laser technology has provided a concomitant increase in the use of ultrashort lasers for the characterization of the optical and electronic properties of semiconductor nanostructures and devices. As the characteristic timescale of the phenomenon under investigation approaches the optical pulse width that is used, it becomes increasely important to be able to fully characterize the amplitude and phase of the pulses before and after interacting with a sample in any given experiment. Towards this end, we designed and developed a computerized optical interferometric cross-correlator for femtosecond time-resolved laser spectroscopy, which can be used to extract amplitude and phase information from pulses used to probe a variety of systems. This electro-optical system, which we refer to as the rapid scan interferometric cross correlation system (RICCS), consists of a femtosecond Ti: sapphire laser source, a custom Mach- Zehnder interferometer for cross correlations, a continuous wave (cw) HeNe laser and a Michelson interferometer for relative path delay decoding, linear optoelectronic detection, electronic processing, computerized device control, and signal acquisition and data analysis. A novel aspect of this system is the use of a mirror mounted on an audio speaker as a rapid scanner to provide the relative path delay between the reference beam and signal beam in the Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Interferograms with up to 500 fringes each scan can be acquired by the computer at rates up to 25 scans per second. This thesis describes the principles of the operation of this RICCS system, its implementation, and its use in both auto-correlation and cross correlation modes.
On the geometry of Petrov type II spacetimes
Creators: name: Aksteiner, Steffen
name: Andersson, Lars
name: Araneda, Bernardo
name: Whiting, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general, geometries of Petrov type II do not admit symmetries in terms of Killing vectors or spinors. We introduce a weaker form of Killing equations which do admit solutions. In particular, there is an analog of the Penrose-Walker Killing spinor. Some of its properties, including associated conservation laws, are discussed. Perturbations of Petrov type II Einstein geometries in terms of a complex scalar Debye potential yield complex solutions to the linearized Einstein equations. The complex linearized Weyl tensor is shown to be half Petrov type N. The remaining curvature component on the algebraically special side is reduced to a first order differential operator acting on the potential.
Αναίρεση κατ’ αρ. 551 Κ.Ποιν.Δ.
Creators: name: Παπαστεργίου, Κωνσταντίνος Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Συνολική Ποινή
αρ. 551 Κ.Ποιν.Δ
Επιγενόμενη Συρροή
Total Penalty
ar. 551 Code of Criminal Procedure
Cassation

description: Αντικείμενο της μελέτης είναι η διερεύνηση του αναιρετικού ελέγχου, όταν ασκείται, σύμφωνα με το αρ. 551 Κ.Π.Δ., κατά απόφασης που σχηματίζει συνολική ποινή. Αρχικά επιχειρείται μία ανάλυση της νομικής φύσης της συνολικής ποινής και του τεχνικού χαρακτήρα του αρ. 551 Κ.Π.Δ., και στη συνέχεια εξετάζονται τα ζητήματα του αμετάκλητου της απόφασης, ως προϋπόθεσης για τον σχηματισμό συνολικής ποινής, της χειροτέρευσης της θέσης του κατηγορούμενου, της κλήτευσης του καταδικασθέντος, των αντιρρήσεων περί την εκτέλεση κατ’ αρ. 565 Κ.Π.Δ., της αναστολής της εκτέλεσης της απόφασης καθορισμού συνολικής ποινής, της αιτιολογίας της απόφασης, των αναιρετικοί λόγων που συναντώνται συχνότερα και άλλες επιμέρους νομολογιακές παραδοχές, που προκύπτουν από τον ιδιόμορφο χαρακτήρα της απόφασης που σχηματίζει συνολική ποινή.
description: The object of this thesis is to point out the important case law on art. 551 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, which regulates the cassation against judgments that formulate a total penalty, for concurrent offences. Firstly, the preliminary issues of the legal nature of the total penalty and the technical character of ar. 551 of the Code of Criminal Procedure are examined. Continuing, the paper proceeds to present the jurisprudence on the matters of the finality of the merging penalties, as a prerequisite for the formation of a total penalty, the non reformatio in peius principle, the vocare ad curiam, the filing of objections against the execution of penalties, according to ar. 565 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the suspension of the execution of judgments that formulate a total penalty, the reasoning of such judgments, the most common grounds for cassation and other important issues relating to the subject.
TARdYS: Design and Prototype of an Exoplanet Hunter for TAO using a R6 Echelle Grating
Creators: name: Rukdee, S.
name: Vanzi, L.
name: Schwab, C.
name: Flores, M.
name: Valenzuela, A.
name: Pember, J.
name: Zapata, A.
name: Motohara, K.
name: Yoshii, Y.
name: Pinto, M. Tala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One limitation in characterizing exoplanet candidates is the availability of infrared, high-resolution spectrographs. An important factor in the scarcity of high precision IR spectrographs is the high cost of these instruments. We present a new optical design, which leads to a cost-effective solution. Our instrument is a high-resolution (R=60,000) infrared spectrograph with a R6 Echelle grating and an image slicer. We compare the best possible performance of quasi-Littrow and White Pupil setups, and prefer the latter because it achieves higher image quality. The instrument is proposed for the University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory (TAO) 6.5 m telescope in Chile. The Tao Aiuc high Resolution (d) Y band Spectrograph (TARdYS) covers 0.843-1.117 um. To reduce the cost, we squeeze 42 spectral orders onto a 1K detector with a semi-cryogenic solution. We obtain excellent resolution even when taking realistic manufacturing and alignment tolerances as well as thermal variations into account. In this paper, we present early results from the prototype of this spectrograph at ambient temperature.
Dynamical Models of Elliptical Galaxies in z=0.5 Clusters: I. Data-Model Comparison and Evolution of Galaxy Rotation
Creators: name: van der Marel, Roeland P.
name: van Dokkum, Pieter G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spatially resolved stellar rotation velocity and velocity dispersion profiles form Keck/LRIS absorption-line spectra for 25 galaxies, mostly visually classified ellipticals, in three clusters at z=0.5. We interpret the kinematical data and HST photometry using oblate axisymmetric two-integral f(E,Lz) dynamical models based on the Jeans equations. This yields good fits, provided that the seeing and observational characteristics are carefully modeled. The fits yield for each galaxy the dynamical M/L and a measure of the galaxy rotation rate. Paper II addresses the implied M/L evolution. Here we study the rotation-rate evolution by comparison to a sample of local elliptical galaxies of similar present-day luminosity. The brightest galaxies in the sample all rotate too slowly to account for their flattening, as is also observed at z=0. But the average rotation rate is higher at z=0.5 than locally. This may be due to a higher fraction of misclassified S0 galaxies (although this effect is insufficient to explain the observed strong evolution of the cluster S0 fraction with redshift). Alternatively, dry mergers between early-type galaxies may have decreased the average rotation rate over time. It is unclear whether such mergers are numerous enough in clusters to explain the observed trend quantitatively. Disk-disk mergers may affect the comparison through the so-called progenitor bias, but this cannot explain the direction of the observed rotation-rate evolution. Additional samples are needed to constrain possible environmental dependencies and cosmic variance in galaxy rotation rates. Either way, studies of the internal stellar dynamics of distant galaxies provide a valuable new approach for exploring galaxy evolution.
description: ApJ, submitted; 17 pages formatted with emulateapj
Kerr geometry beyond the Quantum theory
Creators: name: Burinskii, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dirac electron theory and QED do not take into account gravitational field, while the corresponding Kerr-Newman solution with parameters of electron has very strong stringy, topological and non-local action on the Compton distances, polarizing space-time and deforming the Coulomb field. We discuss the relation of the electron to the Kerr's microgeon model and argue that the Kerr geometry may be hidden beyond the Quantum Theory. In particular, we show that the Foldi-Wouthuysen `mean-position' operator of the Dirac electron is related to a complex representation of the Kerr geometry, and to a complex stringy source. Therefore, the complex Kerr geometry may be hidden beyond the Dirac equation.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, based on the invited talk given at the workshop `Beyond the Quantum',v. 2. added new results, title is changed
Κάθετοι περιορισμοί και συμβόλαια προμηθειών με ασύμμετρη πληροφόρηση
Creators: name: Χατζή, Μαρία Ευάγγελου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Κάθετοι Περιορισμοί
RPM
Διαπραγματευτική Δύναμη
Vertical restraints
Bargaining Power

description: Οι κάθετες σχέσεις και οι κάθετοι περιορισμοί μεταξύ των επιχειρήσεων αποτελούν σημαντικό θέμα τόσο από οικονομική όσο από νομική πλευρά. Η αξιολόγηση όλων των μορφών κάθετων περιορισμών, τα αποτελέσματα που επιφέρει η εφαρμογή τους καθώς και η αντιμετώπισή τους από την αντιμονοπωλιακή νομοθεσία έχουν προκαλέσει αντιπαραθέσεις και σύγχυση. Στην παρούσα εργασία αρχικά γίνεται μια αναλυτική προσέγγιση των κάθετων περιορισμών, των επιπτώσεων τους, της νομικής αντιμετώπισής τους σε ΗΠΑ και Ε.Ε αλλά και της ισχύουσας νομοθεσίας. Στην συνέχεια δημιουργήθηκε ένα υπόδειγμα μέσα από το οποίο εξετάζονται και αξιολογούνται τα αποτελέσματα που προκύπτουν από την εφαρμογή τριών μορφών κάθετων συμβολαίων όταν υπάρχει διαπραγματευτική δύναμη και στο κάτω επίπεδο της κάθετης αλυσίδας και συνδυάζεται με ασύμμετρη διαπραγμάτευση. Ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον παρουσιάζει η περίπτωση του συμβολαίου διατήρησης τιμής μεταπώλησης (RPM) σχετικά με τα αποτελέσματα που επιφέρει. Στην παρούσα εργασία, αποδεικνύεται ότι ο περιορισμός της διατήρησης τιμής μεταπώλησης, υπό προϋποθέσεις, είναι αποτελεσματικότερος και επιθυμητός σε σύγκριση με τις υπόλοιπες μορφές κάθετων περιορισμών που εφαρμόστηκαν, αφού ενισχύει την συνολική ευημερία και οδηγεί σε χαμηλότερες τιμές για τους καταναλωτές.
description: Vertical relationships and vertical restraints are a major issue for both economists and lawyers. Τhe assessment of vertical restraints, their effects and their legal treatment by antitrust laws have caused controversy and confusion. This paper deals with an analytic review to vertical restraints, their effects, their legal treatment and the current legislation toward vertical restraints in US and EU. A model has been created through which we examined the effects of three types of vertical restraints in case there is bargaining power and asymmetric information to the downstream level of a vertical chain. More significant are the results related to the implementation of resale price maintenance (RPM) in a vertical chain with downstream asymmetric information. In this paper, we show that the restriction of resale price maintenance, under certain conditions, is effective and more desirable in comparison with other forms of vertical restraints implemented, since it enhances total welfare and leads to lower final prices for consumers.
Absorption in the fractional quantum Hall regime: trion dichroism and spin polarization
Creators: name: Groshaus, J. G.
name: Plochocka-Polack, P.
name: Rappaport, M.
name: Umansky, V.
name: Bar-Joseph, I.
name: Dennis, B. S.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N
name: West, K. W.
name: Gallais, Y.
name: Pinczuk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of optical interband absorption in the fractional quantum Hall regime in a GaAs quantum well in the range 0 < nu < 1. We investigate the mechanism of singlet trion absorption, and show that its circular dichroism can be used as a probe of the spin polarization of the ground state of the two-dimensional electron system (2DES). We find that at nu = 1/3 the 2DES is fully spin-polarized. Increasing the filling factor results in a gradual depolarization, with a sharp minimum in the dichroism near nu = 2/3. We find that in the range 0.5 < nu < 0.85 the 2DES remains partially polarized for the broad range of magnetic fields from 2.75 to 11 Tesla. This is consistent with the presence of a mixture of polarized and depolarized regions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures (Fig 4 is in color)
Κοινωνικοεπαγγελματικές δομές και εκπαίδευση στις Νοτιοδυτικές Κυκλάδες κατά τα πρώτα χρόνια της ανεξαρτησίας
Creators: name: Σακκής, Δημήτρης Α.
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 1996

description: With this project, what is being studied is, the participation of the social-professional categories and social levels in the educational processing in Cyclades, during the years after the Greek Independence. This study became reality only after the discovery of unknown archives of the history of education, which was put forward after the access to the archives relating to Othon. The conclusion is: 1. Children from every social level of the region and especially from the financially lower level had the right and the ability to be educated. Therefore, the participation in education-up to a certain point-had no relation to the social and financial classification. 2. The girls' participation rate could be regarded totally satisfactory for the customs in those days. 3. The poor child used to start attending at an older age, due to the problems as far as the cost of living was: concerned. 4. We realise that the first students' attendance in the independent Greece was generally regular, despite the students' activities and occupations which had no relation to the school environment. What is mentioned above, makes clear that the 1834 law for the primary education was-up to a point-democratic.
description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 23 (1996)
Edge-selective extremal damping from topological heritage of dissipative Chern insulators
Creators: name: Hegde, Suraj S.
name: Ehmcke, Toni
name: Meng, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most important practical hallmarks of topological matter is the presence of topologically protected, exponentially localised edge states at interfaces of regions characterised by unequal topological invariants. Here, we show that even when driven far from their equilibrium ground state, Chern insulators can inherit topological edge features from their parent Hamiltonian. In particular, we show that the asymptotic long-time approach of the non-equilibrium steady state, governed by a Lindblad Master equation, can exhibit edge-selective extremal damping. This phenomenon derives from edge states of non-Hermitian extensions of the parent Chern insulator Hamiltonian. The combination of (non-Hermitian) topology and dissipation hence allows to design topologically robust, spatially localised damping patterns.
description: 4pages, 6 figures + Supplemental material. Published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Μοντελοποίηση προγραμμάτων (program modeling): η περίπτωση του προγράμματος για τη λειτουργική εκμάθηση της νεοελληνικής γλώσσας
Creators: name: Πασιαρδής, Πέτρος
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 1996

description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 23 (1996)
Quantum speedup of classical mixing processes
Creators: name: Richter, Peter C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most approximation algorithms for #P-complete problems (e.g., evaluating the permanent of a matrix or the volume of a polytope) work by reduction to the problem of approximate sampling from a distribution $π$ over a large set $§$. This problem is solved using the {\em Markov chain Monte Carlo} method: a sparse, reversible Markov chain $P$ on $§$ with stationary distribution $π$ is run to near equilibrium. The running time of this random walk algorithm, the so-called {\em mixing time} of $P$, is $O(δ^{-1} \log 1/π_*)$ as shown by Aldous, where $δ$ is the spectral gap of $P$ and $π_*$ is the minimum value of $π$. A natural question is whether a speedup of this classical method to $O(\sqrt{δ^{-1}} \log 1/π_*)$, the diameter of the graph underlying $P$, is possible using {\em quantum walks}. We provide evidence for this possibility using quantum walks that {\em decohere} under repeated randomized measurements. We show: (a) decoherent quantum walks always mix, just like their classical counterparts, (b) the mixing time is a robust quantity, essentially invariant under any smooth form of decoherence, and (c) the mixing time of the decoherent quantum walk on a periodic lattice $\Z_n^d$ is $O(n d \log d)$, which is indeed $O(\sqrt{δ^{-1}} \log 1/π_*)$ and is asymptotically no worse than the diameter of $\Z_n^d$ (the obvious lower bound) up to at most a logarithmic factor.
description: 13 pages; v2 revised several parts
Multivariate Estimations of Equilibrium Climate Sensitivity from Short Transient Warming Simulations
Creators: name: Bastiaansen, Robbin
name: Dijkstra, Henk A.
name: von der Heydt, Anna S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most used metrics to gauge the effects of climate change is the equilibrium climate sensitivity, defined as the long-term (equilibrium) temperature increase resulting from instantaneous doubling of atmospheric CO$_2$. Since global climate models cannot be fully equilibrated in practice, extrapolation techniques are used to estimate the equilibrium state from transient warming simulations. Because of the abundance of climate feedbacks - spanning a wide range of temporal scales - it is hard to extract long-term behaviour from short-time series; predominantly used techniques are only capable of detecting the single most dominant eigenmode, thus hampering their ability to give accurate long-term estimates. Here, we present an extension to those methods by incorporating data from multiple observables in a multi-component linear regression model. This way, not only the dominant but also the next-dominant eigenmodes of the climate system are captured, leading to better long-term estimates from short, non-equilibrated time series.
description: Main Text (10 pages, 4 figures) plus Supporting Information (36 pages, 18 figures, 1 table)
From Sakata Model to Goldberg-Ne'eman Quarks and Nambu QCD Phenomenology and "Right" and "Wrong" experiments
Creators: name: Lipkin, Harry J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic theoretical milestones were the Sakata SU(3) symmetry, the Goldberg-Ne'eman composite model with SU(3) triplets having baryon number (1/3) and the Nambu color gauge Lagrangian. The transition was led in right and wrong directions by experiments interpreted by phenomenology. A "good" experiment on $\bar p p$ annihilation at rest showed that the Sakata model predictions disagreed with experiment. A "bad" experiment prevented the use of the Goldberg-Ne'eman triplet model to predict the existence and masses of the of the $Ξ^*$ and $Ω^-$. More "good" experiments revealed the existence and mass of the $Ξ^*$ and the $Ω^-$ and the absence of positive strangeness baryon resonances, thus confirming the "tenfold way". Further "good experiments" revealed the existence of the vector meson nonet, SU(3) breaking with singlet-octet mixing and the suppression of the $ϕ\to ρπ$ decay. These led to the quark triplet model. The paradox of peculiar statistics then arose as the $Δ^{++}$ and $Ω^-$ contained three identical spin-1/2 fermions coupled symmetrically to spin (3/2). This led to color and the Nambu QCD. The book "Lie Groups for Pedestrians" used the Sakata model with the name "sakaton" for the $pnΛ$ triplet to teach the algebra of SU(3) to particle physicists in the U.S. and Europe who knew no group theory. The Sakata model had a renaissance in hypernuclear physics in the 1970's.
description: 8 pages
Κοινωνικές σχέσεις των μαθητών με δυσλεξία με τους συνομηλίκούς τους: εμπειρίες ενηλίκων με δυσλεξία από τη φοίτηση στο γενικό σχολείο
Creators: name: Νιζάμη, Χρυσούλα Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: μαθησιακές δυσκολίες
κοινωνικές σχέσεις
εμπειρίες ενηλίκων
learning difficulties
social relationships
adult experiences

description: Αρκετά ερευνητικά δεδομένα έχουν καταδείξει πως τα παιδιά με μαθησιακές δυσκολίες αντιμετωπίζουν συχνά δυσκολίες και στις κοινωνικές τους σχέσεις. Η διερεύνηση του συγκεκριμένου θέματος είναι περιορισμένη τόσο στην Ελλάδα όσο και στο εξωτερικό. Η εργασία αυτή αποσκοπούσε να καταγράψει τις εμπειρίες ενηλίκων με δυσλεξία σχετικά με τις κοινωνικές τους σχέσεις, κατά την περίοδο φοίτησης στο σχολείο. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν οχτώ ενήλικες με διαγνωσμένη δυσλεξία. Το εργαλείο που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για τη διεξαγωγή της έρευνας ήταν η ημιδομημένη συνέντευξη και η ανάλυση των δεδομένων έγινε με τη μέθοδο της ποιοτικής ανάλυσης περιεχομένου. Τα ευρήματα της έρευνας αποκάλυψαν μια σειρά από δυσκολίες στον κοινωνικό τομέα. Οι περισσότεροι βίωσαν την απομόνωση και την αρνητική στάση των συμμαθητών αλλά και των εκπαιδευτικών. Δεν αποκάλυπταν πως έχουν δυσλεξία και συνήθως δημιουργούσαν φιλικές σχέσεις με περιθωριοποιημένους μαθητές. Η κατάσταση αυτή επηρρέασε τη μετέπειτα κοινωνική τους λειτουργικότητα και τις κοινωνικές τους σχέσεις.
description: A variety of studies has showed that children with learning difficulties cope with problems related to their social relationships. Researches about this subject are limited not only in Greece but also abroad. This study deals with the experiences of adults with dyslexia and focuses on their personal and social relationships throughout their school career. Eight Greek adults with diagnosed dyslexia participated in this study. The method that has been chosen for the conduction of the survey was semi structured interviews which were qualitatively analysed. The study revealed a variety of social difficulties. The majority of dyslexic adults experienced social isolation and negative behavior from their classmates and their teachers as well. Most of them preferred not to reveal their learning difficulty and appeared to be attached to marginalized students. That situation influence their future functionality/ well being.
Η συστηματική παρατήρηση της συμπεριφοράς: κριτήρια εφαρμογής της στην παιδαγωγική πράξη
Creators: name: Αρουτσίδου, Μαρία Δ.
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 1996

description: Unter der Perspektive, die systematische Beobachtung des Verhaltens in der Schulpraxis Verwendung findet, werden als theoretische Ansatzpunkte folgende Aspekte des Themas behandelt : a) die Integration der Beobachtung in den peatagogischen Prozess b) die Begruendung ihrer Anwendung in Vorgaengen des Entstehens undEntfaltens von Verhalten in konkreten Situationen - Bettinas. Die Ausgangsthese lautet: jeder Lehrer braucht zu wissen, wieweit seine Arbeitsziele realisiert werden und ob diese den Motiven und den Lernmöglichkeiten seiner Schueler entsprechen. Die Informationen fuer solche Fragen muss man logischer Weise bei den Empfaengern seiner Arbeit suchen, den Schuelern selbst, und zwar in ihren psychischen Bereichen, wo Lernen und Erziehen aufgenommen und realisiert werden. Darauf zielt die Beobachtung des Verhaltens ab: Ueber die Aeusserungen des Verhaltens in die innere Komponente seines Entstehens zu gelangen. Die Planung und Durchführung einer so gerichteten Beobachtung wird mit folgendem verhaltenstheoretischen Modell in Zusammenhang gebracht; das Individuum entfaltet Verhalten, weil bestimmte Reize -auessere oder innere - Motive in ihm erregen, welche es aktivieren, Ziele, Handlungsweisen und Strategien zu waehlen, um den Motivanforderungen entgegenzukommen. Unter diesem Modell laesst sich das Vorgehen bei der Beobachtung folgenderweise differenzieren : - die aussere Situation und das geaeusserte Verhalten in ihren Einzelkomponenten analysieren - den zentralen Sinn des jeweiligen Verhaltens erfassen, d.h. den Faktor, der diesen Einzelelementen Zussammenhalt verleiht, da: - dieser Sinn von den im Verhalten wirkenden Motiven herausgeht, - die Basismotive des Verhaltens allgemeingueltigen Charakter haben und daher - ihr Sinn jedem aus direkter Erfahrung bekannt und unterscheid¬bar ist.
description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 23 (1996)
Broad band optical transmission measurements in semiconductor waveguides
Creators: name: Morin, Richard Henry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A broad band optical transmission measurement system has been realized to determine properties of light propagation in semiconductor waveguides in the 800-1200 nm wavelength range. Illumination from a halogen source is coupled to a single-mode optical fibre and focused onto the input facet of the waveguide via a confocal, diffraction limited lens system. The output light is imaged by another diffraction limited lens through a spatial filter and coupled into a high resolution Fourier Transform Interferometer. The samples studied were epitaxially grown, strained InGaAs quantum well waveguide structures. Measurements of the transmitted spectra over a -1600 cm-1 spectral range in the vicinity of the fundamental absorption edges of these samples resulted in the determination of the guided mode's group index of refraction (and its dispersion), and the absolute absorption coefficient for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magentic (TM) polarizations. The measured group indices were compared to those calculated by solving Maxwell's equations using a simple quasi-two dimensional model for the InGaAs quantum well's index of refraction. Agreement with the TE group index data was good, but the large difference in the TE and TM dispersion near the bandgap energy clearly demonstrates the anisotropic nature of the quantum well's index of refraction. The TM absorption edge was well above the InGaAs bandgap and its detailed shape was successfully compared with a calculation based on a bandstructure obtained using k-p theory. The TE absorption was measured below the InGaAs bandgap and it's exponential energy dependence was tentatively interpreted in terms of a bulk model for the Urbach
Differentiate ChatGPT-generated and Human-written Medical Texts
Creators: name: Liao, Wenxiong
name: Liu, Zhengliang
name: Dai, Haixing
name: Xu, Shaochen
name: Wu, Zihao
name: Zhang, Yiyang
name: Huang, Xiaoke
name: Zhu, Dajiang
name: Cai, Hongmin
name: Liu, Tianming
name: Li, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Large language models such as ChatGPT are capable of generating grammatically perfect and human-like text content, and a large number of ChatGPT-generated texts have appeared on the Internet. However, medical texts such as clinical notes and diagnoses require rigorous validation, and erroneous medical content generated by ChatGPT could potentially lead to disinformation that poses significant harm to healthcare and the general public.
 Objective: This research is among the first studies on responsible and ethical AIGC (Artificial Intelligence Generated Content) in medicine. We focus on analyzing the differences between medical texts written by human experts and generated by ChatGPT, and designing machine learning workflows to effectively detect and differentiate medical texts generated by ChatGPT.
 Methods: We first construct a suite of datasets containing medical texts written by human experts and generated by ChatGPT. In the next step, we analyze the linguistic features of these two types of content and uncover differences in vocabulary, part-of-speech, dependency, sentiment, perplexity, etc. Finally, we design and implement machine learning methods to detect medical text generated by ChatGPT.
 Results: Medical texts written by humans are more concrete, more diverse, and typically contain more useful information, while medical texts generated by ChatGPT pay more attention to fluency and logic, and usually express general terminologies rather than effective information specific to the context of the problem. A BERT-based model can effectively detect medical texts generated by ChatGPT, and the F1 exceeds 95%.
Amplification of rotation velocity using weak measurements in Sagnac's interferometer
Creators: name: Huang, Jing-Hui
name: Duan, Xue-Ying
name: Hu, Xiang-Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the amplification of rotation velocity with the Sagnac interferometer based on the concept of weak-value amplification. By using a different scheme to perform the Sagnac interferometer with the probe in momentum space, we have demonstrated the new weak measure protocol to detect the small rotation velocity by amplifying the phase shift of the Sagnac effect. At the given the maximum incident intensity of the initial spectrum, the detection limit of the intensity of the spectrometer and the accuracy of angular velocity measurement, we can theoretical give the appropriate potselection and the minimum of optical path area before experiment. In addition, we put forward a new optical design to increase the optical path area and decrease the size of the interferometer to overcome the limit of instrument size. Finally, our modified Sagnac's interferometer based on weak measurement is innovative and efficient probing the small rotation velocity signal.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1203.0827 by other authors
Minimal model for active nematics: quasi-long-range order and giant fluctuations
Creators: name: Chate, Hugues
name: Ginelli, Francesco
name: Montagne, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a minimal microscopic model for active nematic particles similar in spirit to the Vicsek model for self-propelled polar particles. In two dimensions, we show that this model exhibits a Kosterlitz-Thouless-like transition to quasi-long-range orientational order and that in this non-equilibrium context, the ordered phase is characterized by giant density fluctuations, in agreement with the predictions of Ramaswamy {\it et al.} [Europhys. Lett. {\bf 62}, 196 (2003)].
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. 4 pages, 4 figures
Δυσνόητο περιεχόμενο στα σχολικά βιβλία ιστορίας: μεθοδολογικές υποδείξεις για τη διδασκαλία και την κατανόησή τους
Creators: name: Κουλουμπαρίτση, Αλεξάνδρα
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 1995

description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 22 (1995)
title: HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF STUDENTS
title: SAÚDE E QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE ESTUDANTES
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: SALUD Y CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LOS ESTUDIANTES
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Sousa, Thiago Ferreira de
name: Lourenço, Camilo Luis Monteiro
name: Amorim, Angelo Mauricio de
Publisher: name: Cenas Educacionais
Year: 2023
Subjects: Saúde
Ensino secundário
Ensino Superior
Health
Secondary education
Higher Education
Salud
Educación secundaria
Enseñanza Superior

description: Presentation of the Thematic Dossier HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF STUDENTS
description: Apresentação do Dossiê Temático SAÚDE E QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE ESTUDANTES
description: Presentación del Dossier Temático SALUD Y CALIDAD DE VIDA DE LOS ESTUDIANTES
Emergence of curved momentum-spacetime and its effect on the cyclotron motion in the antiferromagnetic quantum critical metal
Creators: name: Borges, Francisco
name: Lee, Sung-Sik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that anisotropic quantum corrections can dynamically give rise to curved momentum-spacetimes for quasiparticles in metals. In the (2+1)-dimensional antiferromagnetic quantum critical metal, a curved momentum-spacetime arises as the critical spin fluctuations generate red shift that dilates frequency of electron unevenly on the Fermi surface. As the disparity of the momentum-dependent red shift is controlled by the shape of the Fermi surface, the momentum-spacetime geometry that emerges at low energies depends on the bare nesting angle of the Fermi surface. With increasing nesting angle, the region in which electron motion is slowed down by critical spin fluctuations shrinks. On the other hand, the increasing nesting angle makes the red shift stronger near the hot spots due to the weakened screening of the interaction. These competing effects result in a non-monotonic dependence of the cyclotron frequency of electron on the nesting angle of the Fermi surface. The red shift that becomes more singular at the hot spots with increasing nesting angle creates a possibility of realizing a momentum-space black hole horizon beyond a critical nesting angle : the electron motion becomes `perpetually' slowed down as it approaches a hot spot in the same way that the motion of a free falling object freezes near the event horizon of a black hole with respect to an asymptotic observer. However, the analogous horizon in momentum space does not lead to a vanishing cyclotron frequency because the metric singularity at the hot spots is cut off by thermal effects present above the non-zero superconducting transition temperature.
description: 22 pages
Understanding modes of negative differential resistance in amorphous and polycrystalline vanadium oxides
Creators: name: Nandi, Sanjoy Kumar
name: Das, Sujan Kumar
name: Estherby, Caleb
name: Gentle, Angus
name: Elliman, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal-oxide-metal devices based on amorphous VOx are shown to exhibit one of two distinct negative differential resistance (NDR) characteristics depending on the maximum current employed for electroforming. For low compliance currents they exhibit a smooth S-type characteristic and have a temperature-dependent device resistance characterised by an activation energy of 0.25 eV, consistent with conduction in polycrystalline VO2, while for high-compliance currents they exhibit an abrupt snap-back characteristic and a resistance characterised by an activation energy of 0.025 eV, consistent with conduction in oxygen deficient VOx. In both cases, the temperature dependence of the switching voltage implies that the conductivity change is due to the insulator-metal transition in VO2. From this analysis it is concluded that electroforming at low currents creates a conductive filament comprised largely of polycrystalline VO2, while electroforming at high currents creates a composite structure comprised of VO2 and a conductive halo of oxygen deficient VOx. The effect of electroforming on the NDR mode is then explained with reference to a lumped element model of filamentary conduction that includes the effect of a parallel resistance created by the halo. These results provide new insight into the NDR response of vanadium-oxide-based devices and a basis for designing devices with specific characteristics.
description: 14 pages and 7 Figures
Πρακτική άσκηση: καταγραφή εμπειριών και απόψεων φοιτητών/τριών των τμημάτων των ΠΤΔΕ και ΦΠΨ του ΑΠΘ: δύο μελέτες περίπτωσης (case studies)
Creators: name: Δάσιου, Όλγα
name: Ευαγγέλου, Μαγδαληνή
name: Μητροπούλου, Ελένη
name: Μουταφίδου, Αναστασία
name: Χατζηπαναγιώτου, Παρασκευή
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 1995

description: In commissioning this study, the researchers wished to examine the organization, the conduct and the effectiveness of practicum for primary and secondary teachers. The process was highlighted by the use of a qualitative method while evidence came from documentation provided by interviews with 11 students (6 from the department of Primary Education and 5 from the department of Secondary Education). According to the interviews' material became obvious: a) the student’s positive attitude to the concept and b) the need for improvement as regards the organization, the duration and the content of practicum.
description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 22 (1995)
Impact of Building Envelope Modification on Energy Performance of High-Rise Apartments in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Creators: name: Hassan, Ahmad Sanusi
name: Al-Ashwal, Najib Taher
Publisher: name: TUENGR GROUP
Year: 2015
Subjects: Energy Saving, thermal comfort, passive envelope, thermal insulation, glazing

description: 3, 6, International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies
Three-dimensional simulations of the inhomogeneous Low Solar Wind
Creators: name: Magyar, N.
name: Nakariakov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the near future, Parker Solar Probe will put theories about the dynamics and nature of the transition between the solar corona and the solar wind to stringent tests. The most popular mechanism aimed to explain the dynamics of the nascent solar wind, including its heating and acceleration is magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. Most of the previous models focus on nonlinear cascade induced by interactions of outgoing Alfvén waves and their reflections, ignoring effects that might be related to perpendicular structuring of the solar coronal plasma, despite overwhelming evidence for it. In this paper, for the first time, we analyse through 3D MHD numerical simulations the dynamics of the perpendicularly structured solar corona and solar wind, from the low corona to 15 R_Sun. We find that background structuring has a strong effect on the evolution of MHD turbulence, on much faster time scales than in the perpendicularly homogeneous case. On time scales shorter than nonlinear times, linear effects related to phase mixing result in a 1/f perpendicular energy spectrum. As the turbulent cascade develops, we observe a perpendicular (parallel) energy spectrum with the power law index of -3/2 or -5/3 (-2), a steeper perpendicular magnetic field than velocity spectrum, and a strong build-up of negative residual energy. We conclude that the turbulence is most probably generated by the self-cascade of the driven transverse kink waves, referred to previously as `uniturbulence', which might represent the dominant nonlinear energy cascade channel in the pristine solar wind.
description: Accepted in ApJ
A method to determine the M2 beam quality from the electric field in a single plane
Creators: name: Griessmann, M. H.
name: Martinez-Becerril, A. C.
name: Lundeen, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser beam quality is a key parameter for both industry and science. However, the most common measure, the M2 parameter, requires numerous intensity spatial-profiles for its determination. This is particularly inconvenient for modelling the impact of photonic devices on M2, such as metalenses and thin-film stacks, since models typically output a single electric field spatial-profile. Such a profile is also commonly determined in experiments from e.g., Shack-Hartmann sensors, shear plates, or off-axis holography. We introduce and test the validity and limitations of an explicit method to calculate M2 from a single electric field spatial-profile of the beam in any chosen transverse plane along the propagation direction.
Deep Photonic Reservoir Computer Based on Frequency Multiplexing with Fully Analog Connection Between Layers
Creators: name: Lupo, Alessandro
name: Picco, Enrico
name: Zajnulina, Marina
name: Massar, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reservoir computers (RC) are randomized recurrent neural networks well adapted to process time series, performing tasks such as nonlinear distortion compensation or prediction of chaotic dynamics. Deep reservoir computers (deep-RC), in which the output of one reservoir is used as the input for another one, can lead to improved performance because, as in other deep artificial neural networks, the successive layers represent the data in more and more abstract ways. We present a fiber-based photonic implementation of a two-layer deep-RC based on frequency multiplexing. The two RC layers are encoded in two frequency combs propagating in the same experimental setup. The connection between the layers is fully analog and does not require any digital processing. We find that the deep-RC outperforms a traditional RC by up to two orders of magnitude on two benchmark tasks. This work paves the way towards using fully analog photonic neuromorphic computing for complex processing of time series, while avoiding costly analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog conversions.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Η μαθηματική εκπαίδευση των δασκάλων και το επίπεδο διαδικαστικής γνώσης και εννοιολογικής κατανόησης των κλασμάτων
Creators: name: Χρίστου, Κ.
name: Φιλίππου, Γιώργος
Publisher: name: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση
Year: 1995

description: The mathematical preparation of prospective elementary school teachers has recently been the focus of a number of research studies in different countries around the world. The depth of knowledge when the newcomers join the department of education plays a major role in their future career and it should be taken into account when designing appropriate programs of study to cater for their actual needs. In the present study the prospective teachers' procedural and conceptual knowledge of fractions was investigated through a specially prepared written questionnaire. The results indicated that when entering University, the Cypriot prospective elementary teachers had a narrow understanding of the basic ideas underlying the conceptual understanding of fractions, where as their procedural knowledge could be described as satisfactory. A statistically significant difference was found between the means, favouring the performance in procedural against the performance in conceptual knowledge of fractions. The findings suggest that the mathematics programs of prospective elementary teachers should emphasise conceptual understanding of fractions and the connections between conceptual and, procedural knowledge in general.
description: Παιδαγωγική Επιθεώρηση, Vol. 22 (1995)
Fermion mass hierarchy in an extended left-right symmetric model
Creators: name: Bonilla, Cesar
name: Hernández, A. E. Cárcamo
name: Kovalenko, Sergey
name: Lee, H.
name: Pasechnik, R.
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Left-Right symmetric model that provides an explanation for the mass hierarchy of the charged fermions within the framework of the Standard Model. This explanation is achieved through the utilization of both tree-level and radiative seesaw mechanisms. In this model, the tiny masses of the light active neutrinos are generated via a three-loop radiative inverse seesaw mechanism, with Dirac and Majorana submatrices arising at one-loop level. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of the inverse seesaw mechanism being implemented with both submatrices generated at one-loop level. The model contains a global $U(1)_{X}$ symmetry which, after its spontaneous breaking, allows for the stabilization of the Dark Matter (DM) candidates. We show that the electroweak precision observables, the electron and muon anomalous magnetic moments as well as the Charged Lepton Flavor Violating decays, $μ\rightarrow e γ$, are consistent with the current experimental limits. In addition, we analyze the implications of the model for the $95$ GeV diphoton excess recently reported by the CMS collaboration and demonstrate that such anomaly could be easily accommodated. Finally, we discuss qualitative aspects of DM in the considered model.
description: Matches published version
Excess Vibrational Modes and the Boson Peak in Model Glasses
Creators: name: Xu, Ning
name: Wyart, Matthieu
name: Liu, Andrea J.
name: Nagel, Sidney R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excess low-frequency normal modes for two widely-used models of glasses were studied at zero temperature. The onset frequencies for the anomalous modes for both systems agree well with predictions of a variational argument, which is based on analyzing the vibrational energy originating from the excess contacts per particle over the minimum number needed for mechanical stability. Even though both glasses studied have a high coordination number, most of the additional contacts can be considered to be weak.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters
Neural Architecture Search For Keyword Spotting
Creators: name: Mo, Tong
name: Yu, Yakun
name: Salameh, Mohammad
name: Niu, Di
name: Jui, Shangling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks have recently become a popular solution to keyword spotting systems, which enable the control of smart devices via voice. In this paper, we apply neural architecture search to search for convolutional neural network models that can help boost the performance of keyword spotting based on features extracted from acoustic signals while maintaining an acceptable memory footprint. Specifically, we use differentiable architecture search techniques to search for operators and their connections in a predefined cell search space. The found cells are then scaled up in both depth and width to achieve competitive performance. We evaluated the proposed method on Google's Speech Commands Dataset and achieved a state-of-the-art accuracy of over 97% on the setting of 12-class utterance classification commonly reported in the literature.
description: will be presented in INTERSPEECH 2020