cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Breakup of particle-laden droplets in airflow
Creators: name: Xu, Zhikun
name: Wang, Tianyou
name: Che, Zhizhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atomisation of suspension containing liquid and dispersed particles is prevalent in many applications. Previous studies of droplet breakup mainly focused on homogeneous fluids, and the heterogeneous effect of particles on the breakup progress is unclear. In this study, the breakup of particle-laden droplets in airflow is investigated experimentally. Combining synchronised high-speed images from the side view and the 45$^\circ$ view, we compare the morphology of particle-laden droplets with that of homogeneous fluids in different breakup modes. The results show that the higher effective viscosity of particle-laden droplets affects the initial deformation, and the heterogeneous effect of particles appears in the later breakup stage. To evaluate the heterogeneous effect of particles quantitatively, we eliminate the effect of the higher effective viscosity of particle-laden droplets by comparing cases corresponding to the same inviscid Weber number. The quantitative comparison reveals that the heterogeneous effect of particles accelerates the fragmentation of liquid film and promotes localised rapid piercing. A correlation length that depends on the particle diameter and the volume fraction is proposed to characterise the length scale of the concentration fluctuation under the combined effect of the initial flattening and later stretching during the droplet breakup process. Based on this correlation length, the fragment size distributions are analysed, and the scaling results agree well with the experimental data.
description: 29 pages, 19 figures
ISM conditions in z~0.2 Lyman-Break Analogs
Creators: name: Contursi, A.
name: Baker, A. J.
name: Berta, S.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Fischer, J.
name: Verma, A.
name: Nielbock, M.
name: Carpio, J. Grácia
name: Veilleux, S.
name: Sturm, E.
name: Davies, R.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Hailey-Dunsheath, S.
name: Herrera-Camus, R.
name: Janssen, A.
name: Poglitsch, A.
name: Sternberg, A.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of far--infrared (FIR) [CII] and [OI] fine structure line and continuum observations obtained with $Herschel$/PACS, and CO(1-0) observations obtained with the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer, of Lyman Break Analogs (LBAs) at $z\sim 0.2$. The principal aim of this work is to determine the typical ISM properties of $z\sim 1-2$ Main Sequence (MS) galaxies, with stellar masses between $10^{9.5}$ and $10^{11}$ $M_{\odot}$, which are currently not easily detectable in all these lines even with ALMA and NOEMA. We perform PDR modeling and apply different IR diagnostics to derive the main physical parameters of the FIR emitting gas and dust and we compare the derived ISM properties to those of galaxies on and above the MS at different redshifts. We find that the ISM properties of LBAs are quite extreme (low gas temperature, high density and thermal pressure) with respect to those found in local normal spirals and more active local galaxies. LBAs have no [CII] deficit despite having the high specific star formation rates (sSFRs) typical of starbursts. Although LBAs lie above the local MS, we show that their ISM properties are more similar to those of high-redshift MS galaxies than of local galaxies above the main sequence. This data set represents an important reference for planning future ALMA [CII] observations of relatively low-mass MS galaxies at the epoch of the peak of the cosmic star formation.
description: 19 pages, 12 Figures,8 Tables, Accepted for publication in A&A
Structure-preserving numerical simulations of test particle dynamics around slowly rotating neutron stars within Hartle-Thorne approach
Creators: name: Shahzadi, Misbah
name: Kolos, Martin
name: Saleem, Rabia
name: Habib, Yousaf
name: Eduarte-Rojas, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the chaotic signatures of the geodesic dynamics for particles moving in the slowly rotating Hartle-Thorne spacetime; an approximate solution of vacuum Einstein field equations describing the exterior of a massive, deformed, and slowly rotating compact object. We employ the numerical study to examine the geodesics of prolate and oblate deformations for generic orbits and find the plateaus of the rotation curve, which are associated with the existence of Birkhoff islands in the Poincare surface of the section, where the ratio of the radial and polar frequency of geodesics remains constant throughout the island. We investigate various phase space structures, including hyperbolic points and chaotic regions in the neighborhood of resonant islands. Moreover, chaotic behavior is observed to be governed by the stickiness phenomenon, where chaotic orbits remain attached to stable ones for an extended duration before eventually diverging and are attracted toward the surface of the neutron star. The precision of the numerical integration used to simulate the particle's trajectories plays a crucial role in the structures of the Poincare surface of the section. We present a comparison of several efficient structure-preserving numerical schemes of order four applied to the considered non-integrable dynamical system and we investigate which schemes possess the canonical property of the Hamiltonian flow. Among the class of non-symplectic integrators, we employ the explicit Runge-Kutta method and explicit general linear method with a standard projection technique to project the numerical solution onto the desired manifold. The projection scheme admits the integration without any drift from the desired manifold and is computationally cost-effective. We are concerned with two crucial aspects -- long-term behaviour and CPU time consumption.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 1: of The effects of Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis B94 on gastrointestinal wellness in adults with Praderâ Willi syndrome: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Alyousif, Zainab
name: Miller, Jennifer
name: Sandoval, Mariana
name: MacPherson, Chad
name: Varuni Nagulesapillai
name: Dahl, Wendy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: SPIRIT checklist. (PDF 169Â kb)
Debris Disc Constraints on Planetesimal Formation
Creators: name: Krivov, Alexander V.
name: Ide, Aljoscha
name: Löhne, Torsten
name: Johansen, Anders
name: Blum, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two basic routes for planetesimal formation have been proposed over the last few decades. One is a classical "slow-growth" scenario. Another one is particle concentration models, in which small pebbles are concentrated locally and then collapse gravitationally to form planetesimals. Both types of models make certain predictions for the size spectrum and internal structure of newly-born planetesimals. We use these predictions as input to simulate collisional evolution of debris discs left after the gas dispersal. The debris disc emission as a function of a system's age computed in these simulations is compared with several Spitzer and Herschel debris disc surveys around A-type stars. We confirm that the observed brightness evolution for the majority of discs can be reproduced by classical models. Further, we find that it is equally consistent with the size distribution of planetesimals predicted by particle concentration models - provided the objects are loosely bound "pebble piles" as these models also predict. Regardless of the assumed planetesimal formation mechanism, explaining the brightest debris discs in the samples uncovers a "disc mass problem." To reproduce such discs by collisional simulations, a total mass of planetesimals of up to ~1000 Earth masses is required, which exceeds the total mass of solids available in the protoplanetary progenitors of debris discs. This may indicate that stirring was delayed in some of the bright discs, that giant impacts occurred recently in some of them, that some systems may be younger than previously thought, or that non-collisional processes contribute significantly to the dust production.
description: This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in MNRAS following peer review. The version of record (MNRAS Vol. 474, Issue 2, 21 February 2018, Pages 2564-2575) is available online at https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2932
Laurent Inversion
Creators: name: Coates, Tom
name: Kasprzyk, Alexander
name: Prince, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J33 (Primary), 14J45, 52B20 (Secondary)

description: We describe a practical and effective method for reconstructing the deformation class of a Fano manifold X from a Laurent polynomial f that corresponds to X under Mirror Symmetry. We explore connections to nef partitions, the smoothing of singular toric varieties, and the construction of embeddings of one (possibly-singular) toric variety in another. In particular, we construct degenerations from Fano manifolds to singular toric varieties; in the toric complete intersection case, these degenerations were constructed previously by Doran--Harder. We use our method to find models of orbifold del Pezzo surfaces as complete intersections and degeneracy loci, and to construct a new four-dimensional Fano manifold.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures. This supersedes our earlier preprint with the same name (arXiv:1505.01855 [math.AG]). The new version is much more systematic, and works beyond the toric complete intersection case; it also draws connections to the work of Doran--Harder on amenable collections and Batyrev--Borisov on nef partitions
Lettre de Giuseppe Valeriano Vannetti à Jean-François Séguier, 1754-05-22
Creators: name: Vannetti, Giuseppe Valeriano
name: Vannetti, Giuseppe Valeriano
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Vie académique

description: [transcription] Copia della risposta al Signor Gianfrancesco Séguier a Verona ai 22 Maggio 1754.

Illustrissimo Signor Signore e Padrone colendissimo

La libertà presasi dall'Accademia nostra nello ascrivere che fece al catalogo la sua dottissima Persona provenne in primissimo luogo dal pensiero di esercitare un atto di vera stima e di giustizia verso chi nella Repubblica letteraria è oggimai tanto benemerito per varie sue belle e profonde opere, come di fatto è Vostra Signoria Illustrissima; dappoi dalla fidanza, che il di Lei animo al sommo gentile ed amorevole verso chi nelle lettere si affatica, non sarebbe per negarci il tanto da noi desiderato onore di fregiare vie maggiormente il suddetto catalogo mediante il suo chiarissimo nome. In tanta confidenza ci pose appunto il nostro amoroso Accademico Signor Abate de` Frisinghelli, cui Ella favorisce della sua amicizia. E ben vide l'Accademia nostra avverata la sua speranza coll'umanissimo foglio, di cui Ella si compiacque onorarla, e nel quale veramente con molto cortesi parole, e somma bontà le palesa il suo gentile aggradimento; il che di quanta consolazion cagione sia stato a noi tutti, io non le so abbastanza dire. Per l'una e l'altra cosa rendianle percio' tutti que` ringraziamenti, che a un tanto segnalato favore si possano maggiori e più vivi; e preghianla caldamente di volerci Ella conservare quel suo cortese affetto anche nel tempo avvenire, il quale a tanta gloria torna del ceto nostro. Questi [f. 73v] sono i veraci sentimenti, ch`io mi do l'onore di dimostrare in nome de` Rettori nostri, e per conseguenza dell'Accademia tutta, cui essi rappresentano; e io in particolare pieno di ossequio e di alta stima verso la sua molta virtù con ogni desiderio di poterla in alcun conto ubbidire alla sua buona affezione mi raccomando, e mi segno

Di Vostra Signoria Illustrissima

Roveredo a' 22 Maggio 1754

Devotissimo Obbligatissimo Servitore

Giuseppe Valeriano K[avalier?] Vannetti

Segretario

[le secrétaire de l'académie de Rovereto se félicite de l'accord donné par Séguier à son inscription au nombre des académiciens]
description: [personnes citées] Accademia degli Agiati (Rovereto), Francesco Giuseppe Frisinghelli
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Rovereto, Biblioteca Civica [cote]ms. 17.4, fol. 73
Earth System Modeling 2.0: A Blueprint for Models That Learn From Observations and Targeted High-Resolution Simulations
Creators: name: Schneider, Tapio
name: Lan, Shiwei
name: Stuart, Andrew
name: Teixeira, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Climate projections continue to be marred by large uncertainties, which originate in processes that need to be parameterized, such as clouds, convection, and ecosystems. But rapid progress is now within reach. New computational tools and methods from data assimilation and machine learning make it possible to integrate global observations and local high-resolution simulations in an Earth system model (ESM) that systematically learns from both. Here we propose a blueprint for such an ESM. We outline how parameterization schemes can learn from global observations and targeted high-resolution simulations, for example, of clouds and convection, through matching low-order statistics between ESMs, observations, and high-resolution simulations. We illustrate learning algorithms for ESMs with a simple dynamical system that shares characteristics of the climate system; and we discuss the opportunities the proposed framework presents and the challenges that remain to realize it.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures
Inverse transitions and disappearance of the λ-line in the asymmetric random field Ising and Blume-Capel models
Creators: name: Das, Santanu
name: Sumedha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on reentrance in the random field Ising and Blume-Capel models, induced by an asymmetric bimodal random field distribution. The conventional continuous line of transitions between the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases, the λ-line, is wiped away by the asymmetry. The phase diagram, then, consists of only first order transition lines that always end at ordered critical points. We find that while for symmetric random field distributions there was no reentrance, the asymmetry in the random field results in a range of temperatures for which magnetisation shows reentrance. While this does not give rise to an inverse transition in the Ising model, for the Blume-Capel model, however, there is a line of first order inverse phase transitions that ends at an inverse ordered critical point. We show that the location of the inverse transitions can be inferred from the ground state phase diagram of the model.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E (Letter)
Distant Field BHB Stars III: Identification of a probable outer halo stream at Galactocentric distance r = 70 kpc
Creators: name: Clewley, L.
name: Warren, S. J.
name: Hewett, P. C.
name: Norris, John. E.
name: Wilkinson, M. I.
name: Evans, N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VLT-FORS1 spectra of a sample of 34 faint 20.0 < g* < 21.1 A-type stars selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Early Data Release, with the goal of measuring the velocity dispersion of blue horizontal branch (BHB) stars in the remote Galactic halo, R~80kpc. We show that colour selection with 1.08 < u*-g* < 1.40 and -0.2 < g*-r* < -0.04 minimises contamination of the sample by less luminous blue stragglers. In classifying the stars we confine our attention to the 20 stars with spectra of signal-to-noise ratio > 15 per Angstrom. Classification produces a sample of eight BHB stars at distances 65-102 kpc from the Sun (mean 80 kpc), which represents the most distant sample of Galactic stars with measured radial velocities. The dispersion of the measured radial component of the velocity with respect to the centre of the Galaxy is 58+-15km/s. This value is anomalously low in comparison with measured values for stars at smaller distances, as well as for satellites at similar distances. Seeking an explanation for the low measured velocity dispersion, further analysis reveals that six of the eight remote BHB stars are plausibly associated with a single orbit. Three previously known outer halo carbon stars also appear to belong to this stream. The velocity dispersion of all nine stars relative to the orbit is only 15+-4 km/s. Further observations along the orbit are required to trace the full extent of this structure on the sky.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
MOESM3 of Association between hydroxocobalamin administration and acute kidney injury after smoke inhalation: a multicenter retrospective study
Creators: name: Dépret, François
name: Hoffmann, Clément
name: Daoud, Laura
name: Thieffry, Camille
name: Monplaisir, Laure
name: Creveaux, Jules
name: Annane, Djillali
name: Parmentier, Erika
name: Mathieu, Daniel
name: Wiramus, Sandrine
name: Demeure DIt Latte, Dominique
name: Kpodji, Aubin
name: Textoris, Julien
name: Robin, Florian
name: Klouche, Kada
name: Pontis, Emmanuel
name: Schnell, Guillaume
name: Barbier, François
name: Constantin, Jean-Michel
name: Clavier, Thomas
name: Cheyron, Damien
name: Terzi, Nicolas
name: Sauneuf, Bertrand
name: Guerot, Emmanuel
name: Lafon, Thomas
name: Herbland, Alexandre
name: Megarbane, Bruno
name: Leclerc, Thomas
name: Mallet, Vincent
name: Pirracchio, Romain
name: Legrand, Matthieu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3 : Table S3. Multivariate analysis of factors associated with RRT.
Multi-instanton calculus in N=2 supersymmetric QCD
Creators: name: Aoyama, Hideaki
name: Harano, Toshiyuki
name: Sato, Masatoshi
name: Wada, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microscopic tests of the exact results are performed in N=2 SU(2) supersymmetric QCD. We construct the multi-instanton solution in N=2 supersymmetric QCD and calculate the two-instanton contribution ${\cal F}_2$ to the prepotential ${\cal F}$ explicitly. For $N_f=1,2$, instanton calculus agrees with the prediction of the exact results, however, for $N_f=3$, we find a discrepancy between them.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, The result for $N_f=4$ flavors is added, which does not agree with Seiberg-Witten's result, but does agree with the result of hep-th/9607202
Additional file 2: of Indicators for evaluating European population health: a Delphi selection process
Creators: name: Freitas, Ângela
name: Santana, Paula
name: Oliveira, Mónica
name: Almendra, Ricardo
name: Costa, João Bana E
name: Costa, Carlos Bana E
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Web Delphi survey screens illustrating the implementation and monitoring of the Delphi process on the web platform. (DOCX 6129 kb)
Probing the baryogenesis and dark matter relaxed in phase transition by gravitational waves and colliders
Creators: name: Huang, Fa Peng
name: Li, Chong Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological phase transition with Q-balls production mechanism can explain the baryogenesis and dark matter simultaneously, where constraints on dark matter masses and reverse dilution are significantly relaxed. We study how to probe this scenario by collider signals at QCD next-to-leading order and gravitational wave signals.
description: 22 pages,9 figures,4 tables, published in Phys.Rev.D
The Dunkl-Fokker-Planck Equation in $1+1$ Dimensions
Creators: name: Mota, R. D.
name: Ojeda-Guillén, D.
name: Xicoténcatl, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By replacing the spatial derivative with the Dunkl derivative, we generalize the Fokker-Planck equation in (1+1) dimensions. We obtain the Dunkl-Fokker-Planck eigenvalues equation and solve it for the harmonic oscillator plus a centrifugal-type potential. Furthermore, when the drift function is odd, we reduce our results to those of the recently developed Wigner-Dunkl supersymmetry.
description: 10 pages
MOESM4 of Association between hydroxocobalamin administration and acute kidney injury after smoke inhalation: a multicenter retrospective study
Creators: name: Dépret, François
name: Hoffmann, Clément
name: Daoud, Laura
name: Thieffry, Camille
name: Monplaisir, Laure
name: Creveaux, Jules
name: Annane, Djillali
name: Parmentier, Erika
name: Mathieu, Daniel
name: Wiramus, Sandrine
name: Demeure DIt Latte, Dominique
name: Kpodji, Aubin
name: Textoris, Julien
name: Robin, Florian
name: Klouche, Kada
name: Pontis, Emmanuel
name: Schnell, Guillaume
name: Barbier, François
name: Constantin, Jean-Michel
name: Clavier, Thomas
name: Cheyron, Damien
name: Terzi, Nicolas
name: Sauneuf, Bertrand
name: Guerot, Emmanuel
name: Lafon, Thomas
name: Herbland, Alexandre
name: Megarbane, Bruno
name: Leclerc, Thomas
name: Mallet, Vincent
name: Pirracchio, Romain
name: Legrand, Matthieu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 4 : Table S4. Multivariate analysis of factors associated with major adverse kidney events.
A Bayesian Analogue of Gleason's Theorem
Creators: name: Marlow, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel notion of probability within quantum history theories and give a Gleasonesque proof for these assignments. This involves introducing a tentative novel axiom of probability. We also discuss how we are to interpret these generalised probabilities as partially ordered notions of preference and we introduce a tentative generalised notion of Shannon entropy. A Bayesian approach to probability theory is adopted throughout, thus the axioms we use will be minimal criteria of rationality rather than ad hoc mathematical axioms.
description: 14 pages, v2: minor stylistic changes, v3: changes made in-line with to-be-published version
Strong coupling constant extraction from high-multiplicity Z+jets observables
Creators: name: Johnson, Mark
name: Maître, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a strong coupling constant extraction at Next-to-Leading Order QCD accuracy using ATLAS Z+2,3,4 jets data. This is the first extraction using processes with a dependency to high powers of the coupling constant. We obtain values of the strong coupling constant at the $Z$ mass compatible with the world average and with uncertainties commensurate with other NLO extractions at hadron colliders. Our most conservative result for the strong coupling constant is $α_S=0.1178 ^{+0.0051}_{- 0.0043}$.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
A resolved outflow of matter from a Brown Dwarf
Creators: name: Whelan, Emma T.
name: Ray, Thomas P.
name: Bacciotti, Francesca
name: Natta, Antonella
name: Testi, Leonardo
name: Randich, Sofia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The birth of stars involves not only accretion but also, counter-intuitively, the expulsion of matter in the form of highly supersonic outflows. Although this phenomenon has been seen in young stars, a fundamental question is whether it also occurs amongst newborn brown dwarfs: these are the so-called 'failed stars', with masses between stars and planets, that never manage to reach temperatures high enough for normal hydrogen fusion to occur. Recently, evidence for accretion in young brown dwarfs has mounted, and their spectra show lines that are suggestive of outflows. Here we report spectro-astrometric data that spatially resolve an outflow from a brown dwarf. The outflow's characteristics appear similar to, but on a smaller scale than, outflows from normal young stars. This result suggests that the outflow mechanism is universal, and perhaps relevant even to the formation of planets.
WeatherDepth: Curriculum Contrastive Learning for Self-Supervised Depth Estimation under Adverse Weather Conditions
Creators: name: Wang, Jiyuan
name: Lin, Chunyu
name: Nie, Lang
name: Huang, Shujun
name: Zhao, Yao
name: Pan, Xing
name: Ai, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Depth estimation models have shown promising performance on clear scenes but fail to generalize to adverse weather conditions due to illumination variations, weather particles, etc. In this paper, we propose WeatherDepth, a self-supervised robust depth estimation model with curriculum contrastive learning, to tackle performance degradation in complex weather conditions. Concretely, we first present a progressive curriculum learning scheme with three simple-to-complex curricula to gradually adapt the model from clear to relative adverse, and then to adverse weather scenes. It encourages the model to gradually grasp beneficial depth cues against the weather effect, yielding smoother and better domain adaption. Meanwhile, to prevent the model from forgetting previous curricula, we integrate contrastive learning into different curricula. By drawing reference knowledge from the previous course, our strategy establishes a depth consistency constraint between different courses toward robust depth estimation in diverse weather. Besides, to reduce manual intervention and better adapt to different models, we designed an adaptive curriculum scheduler to automatically search for the best timing for course switching. In the experiment, the proposed solution is proven to be easily incorporated into various architectures and demonstrates state-of-the-art (SoTA) performance on both synthetic and real weather datasets. Source code and data are available at \url{https://github.com/wangjiyuan9/WeatherDepth}.
description: 6 pages, accept by ICRA 2024
Freezing of Moduli by N=2 Dyons
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Shmakova, Marina
name: Wong, Wing Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In N=2 ungauged supergravity we have found the most general double-extreme dyonic black holes with arbitrary number n_v of constant vector multiplets and n_h of constant hypermultiplets. They are double-extreme: 1) supersymmetric with coinciding horizons, 2) the mass for a given set of quantized charges is extremal. The spacetime is of the Reissner-Nordstrom form and the vector multiplet moduli depend on dyon charges. As an example we display n_v complex moduli as functions of 2(n_v+1) electric and magnetic charges in a model related to a classical Calabi-Yau moduli space. A specific case includes the complex S, T, U moduli depending on 4 electric and 4 magnetic charges of 4 U(1) gauge groups.
description: 23 pages, no figures, ref. added, minor corrections, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
On Prediction-Modelers and Decision-Makers: Why Fairness Requires More Than a Fair Prediction Model
Creators: name: Scantamburlo, Teresa
name: Baumann, Joachim
name: Heitz, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An implicit ambiguity in the field of prediction-based decision-making regards the relation between the concepts of prediction and decision. Much of the literature in the field tends to blur the boundaries between the two concepts and often simply speaks of 'fair prediction.' In this paper, we point out that a differentiation of these concepts is helpful when implementing algorithmic fairness. Even if fairness properties are related to the features of the used prediction model, what is more properly called 'fair' or 'unfair' is a decision system, not a prediction model. This is because fairness is about the consequences on human lives, created by a decision, not by a prediction. We clarify the distinction between the concepts of prediction and decision and show the different ways in which these two elements influence the final fairness properties of a prediction-based decision system. In addition to exploring this relationship conceptually and practically, we propose a framework that enables a better understanding and reasoning of the conceptual logic of creating fairness in prediction-based decision-making. In our framework, we specify different roles, namely the 'prediction-modeler' and the 'decision-maker,' and the information required from each of them for being able to implement fairness of the system. Our framework allows for deriving distinct responsibilities for both roles and discussing some insights related to ethical and legal requirements. Our contribution is twofold. First, we shift the focus from abstract algorithmic fairness to context-dependent decision-making, recognizing diverse actors with unique objectives and independent actions. Second, we provide a conceptual framework that can help structure prediction-based decision problems with respect to fairness issues, identify responsibilities, and implement fairness governance mechanisms in real-world scenarios.
Additional file 1: of Physical activity and nutrition intervention for Singaporean women aged 50 years and above: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Wong, Elaine
name: Lee, Andy
name: James, Anthony
name: Jonine Jancey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (DOC 127 kb)
Permeation through a lamellar stack of lipid mixtures
Creators: name: Hoshino, Takuma
name: Komura, Shigeyuki
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study material transport and permeation through a lamellar stack of multi-component lipid membranes by performing Monte Carlo simulations of a stacked two-dimensional Ising model in presence of permeants. In the model, permeants are transported through the stack via in-plane lipid clusters, which are inter-connected in the vertical direction. These clusters are formed transiently by concentration fluctuations of the lipid mixture, and the permeation process is affected, especially close to the critical temperature of the binary mixture. We show that the permeation rate decays exponentially as function of temperature and permeant lateral size, whereas the dependency on the characteristic waiting time obeys a stretched exponential function. The material transport through such lipid clusters can be significantly affected around physiological temperatures.
description: Accepted version
Lettre de Philippe Laurent de Joubert à Jean-François Séguier, 1780-11-29
Creators: name: de Joubert, Philippe Laurent
name: De Joubert, Philippe Laurent
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fossiles
Sciences naturelles (général)

description: [transcription] A Montpellier, ce 29 novembre 1780.

[Joubert]

Votre lettre m'a trouvé, mon cher Monsieur, arrivant de Sète vendredi, où j'avais séjourné pour visiter les salins qui prennent une excellente tournure. Je ne pouvais vous répondre que le lundi et dans l'intervalle du vendredi au lundi. Mon oncle m'a très tristement occupé par sa maladie et sa mort. Je me flatte que vous voudrez bien en prendre quelque part au chagrin qu'elle me cause. J'ai perdu un homme de bon conseil, un exemple dans tous les genres de devoir. Il avait autant de zèle que de science dans les affaires de la Province.

Vous devez avoir vu hier au soir Monsieur l'archevêque de Narbonne avec Monsieur de Ratte.

Je vous remercie des soins que vous voulez vous [fol. 104 v] donner pour les manuscrits. Je ne peux que vous réitérer mes très sinbcères remeciements en vous assurant que je ne ferai un bon usage de ce que vous avez intention de me procurer. J'attends de Saint-Sauveur une caisse d'échantillons de pierres calaminaires. Je me ferai d'autant plus de plaisir de vous en donner que celles qui viennent de l'étranger n'ont pas le même coup d'oeil. Il a fallu le [...] et pour la faire connaître à Monsieur Fage et à Monsieur de Romé de l'Isle.

Parmi les articles de livres que vous avez la bonté de me proposer, il y en a deux que je désire les mémoires de Loriot et de la Faye sur le mortier et les recherches sur les médailles de Poinsinet. [fol. 105 r] Je vous serais redevable de 12 lt. 6 s. que je remettrai à la personne que vous voudrez bien m'indiquer ou que Monsieur de Romé vous paiera pour moi.

Permettez-moi de lui faire ici mes compliments. Je suis avec un sincère et respectueux attachement,

Monsieur,

Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur

Joubert

[fol. 105 v] [Joubert]

A Monsieur

Monsieur Séguier de l'Académie des

Inscriptions et Belles Lettres

De Paris

A Nîmes.
description: [note autre main] [Joubert]
description: [personnes citées] Arthur-Richard Dillon, Balthazar-Georges Sage, Etienne Hyacinthe de Ratte, Jean-Baptiste Louis Romé de L'Isle, René-Gaspard (Oncle) Joubert
description: [reférence bibliographique citée] Lafaye, Recherche sur la préparaation que les Romains donnaient à la chaux, Paris, 1777
. Loriot, Antoine-Jospeh, Mémoire sur une découverte dans l'art de bâtir faite par le sieur Loriot, mécanicien, pensionnaire du Roi; dans lequel on rend publi. Poinsinet de Sivry, Louis, Nouvelles recherche sur la science des médailles, inscriptions et hiéroglyphes antiques..., Maestricht, chez J. E. Dufour et P. Roux, 1778, in-4°.
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote]ms. 248_27, fol. 104-105
description: Source: ark:/12148/btv1b10015539v
Additional file 12: of Genome-wide identification of the auxin response factor gene family in Cicer arietinum
Creators: name: Die, Jose
name: Gil, Juan
name: Millan, Teresa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S8. Distribution de CRES. a. Simulated data set. b. Actual data set. (PDF 47 kb)
CO diffusion and desorption kinetics in CO$_2$ ices
Creators: name: Cooke, Ilsa R.
name: Öberg, Karin I.
name: Fayolle, Edith C.
name: Peeler, Zoe
name: Bergner, Jennifer B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion of species in icy dust grain mantles is a fundamental process that shapes the chemistry of interstellar regions; yet measurements of diffusion in interstellar ice analogs are scarce. Here we present measurements of CO diffusion into CO$_2$ ice at low temperatures (T=11--23~K) using CO$_2$ longitudinal optical (LO) phonon modes to monitor the level of mixing of initially layered ices. We model the diffusion kinetics using Fick's second law and find the temperature dependent diffusion coefficients are well fit by an Arrhenius equation giving a diffusion barrier of 300 $\pm$ 40 K. The low barrier along with the diffusion kinetics through isotopically labeled layers suggest that CO diffuses through CO$_2$ along pore surfaces rather than through bulk diffusion. In complementary experiments, we measure the desorption energy of CO from CO$_2$ ices deposited at 11-50 K by temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and find that the desorption barrier ranges from 1240 $\pm$ 90 K to 1410 $\pm$ 70 K depending on the CO$_2$ deposition temperature and resultant ice porosity. The measured CO-CO$_2$ desorption barriers demonstrate that CO binds equally well to CO$_2$ and H$_2$O ices when both are compact. The CO-CO$_2$ diffusion-desorption barrier ratio ranges from 0.21-0.24 dependent on the binding environment during diffusion. The diffusion-desorption ratio is consistent with the above hypothesis that the observed diffusion is a surface process and adds to previous experimental evidence on diffusion in water ice that suggests surface diffusion is important to the mobility of molecules within interstellar ices.
Recent results from the STAR spin program at RHIC
Creators: name: Sarsour, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The STAR experiment uses polarized p+p collisions at RHIC to determine the contributions to the spin of the proton from gluon spin and from orbital angular momentum of the quarks and gluons. Selective STAR measurements of the longitudinal double spin asymmetry for inclusive jet and inclusive hadron production are presented here. In addition, we report measurements of the transverse spin asymmetry for di-jet production at mid-rapidity and the transverse single-spin asymmetry for forward pi0 production
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, presented at GHP06 conference
Additional file 1 of A novel apidaecin Api-PR19 synergizes with the gut microbial community to maintain intestinal health and promote growth performance of broilers
Creators: name: Wu, Shengru
name: Wang, Jian
name: Zhu, Liqin
name: Ren, Hao
name: Yang, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The differential bacteria among CON, AGP, and ABP identified using the linear discriminant analysis and effect size (LEfSe) analysis. Note: CON indicates control group; ABP indicates Api-PR19 group; AGP indicates enramycin (antibiotic) group. The differential microbiota at each level (including phylum, class, family, genus and species) were analyzed and the first letter before the bacteria represents the level of the identified bacteria: p: phylum, c: class, f: family, g: genus, s: species. Table S1. Physical and chemical parameters of apidaecin-HbIb, apidaecin-Hb1C-20, and api-PR19. Table S2. Composition and nutrient level of the basal diet (air-dry basis). Table S3. Broiler immunization program used in the present study. Table S4. Primers used in the relative real-time quantitative PCR for gene expression in broilers. Table S5. Primers used in the absolute real-time quantitative PCR for caecal bacteria in broilers. Table S6. The effect of Api-PR19 on villus height, crypt depth and villus height/crypt depth ratio in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of broiler chickens.
Geometrically constrained multifield models with BNRT solutions
Creators: name: Marques, M. A.
name: Menezes, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate multifield models in which the two-field BNRT model is coupled to a third field through mediator functions in the Lagrangian density. To conduct the investigation, we obtain the equations of motion and develop a first-order formalism based on energy minimization. Two possibilities are considered: i) the third field acting in the mediator functions to modify the BNRT solutions; ii) the BNRT fields feeding the mediator function to produce effects in the kink solution of the third field. In the case i), the results show that the solutions may be related to the standard ones with the coordinate redefined in terms of the mediator functions if they are equal. This allows to induce effects similar to geometric constrictions in the core, or to compactify the tail of the BNRT solutions. If the mediator functions differ one from another, we show that the effects are distinct, with the compactification of just one of the two-field solutions. In the case ii), the orbit parameter of the model plays an important role, modifying the mediator function that induces changes in the profile of the kink associated to the third field.
description: v2; 13 pages, 7 figures; text and references added; accepted in Chaos, Solitons and Fractals
String Duality and Modular Forms
Creators: name: Kawai, Toshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tests of duality between heterotic strings on $K3\times T^2$ (restricted on certain Narain moduli subspaces) and type IIA strings on K3-fibered Calabi-Yau threefolds are attempted in the weak coupling regime on the heterotic side by identifying pertinent modular forms related to the computations of string threshold corrections. Concretely we discuss in parallel the three cases associated with Calabi-Yau manifolds $(A):X(6,2,2,1,1)_{2}^{-252}$, $(B):X(12,8,2,1,1)_{3}^{-480}$ and $(C):X(10,3,3,2,2)_{4}^{-132}$ on the type IIA side.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX 2.09
Graph Filters and the Z-Laplacian
Creators: name: Yan, Xiaoran
name: Sadler, Brian M.
name: Drost, Robert J.
name: Yu, Paul L.
name: Lerman, Kristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In network science, the interplay between dynamical processes and the underlying topologies of complex systems has led to a diverse family of models with different interpretations. In graph signal processing, this is manifested in the form of different graph shifts and their induced algebraic systems. In this paper, we propose the unifying Z-Laplacian framework, whose instances can act as graph shift operators. As a generalization of the traditional graph Laplacian, the Z-Laplacian spans the space of all possible Z-matrices, i.e., real square matrices with nonpositive off-diagonal entries. We show that the Z-Laplacian can model general continuous-time dynamical processes, including information flows and epidemic spreading on a given graph. It is also closely related to general nonnegative graph filters in the discrete time domain. We showcase its flexibility by considering two applications. First, we consider a wireless communications networking problem modeled with a graph, where the framework can be applied to model the effects of the underlying communications protocol and traffic. Second, we examine a structural brain network from the perspective of low- to high-frequency connectivity.
description: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing (September 2017 special issue on Graph Signal Processing)
Cosmological and idealized simulations of dark matter haloes with velocity-dependent, rare and frequent self-interactions
Creators: name: Fischer, Moritz S.
name: Kasselmann, Lenard
name: Brüggen, Marcus
name: Dolag, Klaus
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: Ragagnin, Antonio
name: Robertson, Andrew
name: Schmidt-Hoberg, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter self-interactions may have the capability to solve or at least mitigate small-scale problems of the cosmological standard model, Lambda Cold Dark Matter. There are a variety of self-interacting dark matter models that lead to distinguishable astrophysical predictions and hence varying success in explaining observations. Studies of dark matter (DM) density cores on various mass scales suggest a velocity-dependent scattering cross-section. In this work, we investigate how a velocity dependence alters the evolution of the DM distribution for frequent DM scatterings and compare to the velocity-independent case. We demonstrate that these cases are qualitatively different using a test problem. Moreover, we study the evolution of the density profile of idealized DM haloes and find that a velocity dependence can lead to larger core sizes and different time-scales of core formation and core collapse. In cosmological simulations, we investigate the effect of velocity-dependent self-interaction on haloes and satellites in the mass range of $\approx 10^{11} - 10^{14}$ M$_\odot$. We study the abundance of satellites, density, and shape profiles and try to infer qualitative differences between velocity-dependent and velocity-independent scatterings as well as between frequent and rare self-interactions. We find that a strongly velocity-dependent cross-section can significantly amplify the diversity of rotation curves, independent of the angular dependence of the differential cross-section. We further find that the abundance of satellites in general depends on both the velocity dependence and the scattering angle, although the latter is less important for strongly velocity-dependent cross-sections.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures + appendices, accepted for publication in MNRAS