cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Flavored Peccei-Quinn symmetry
Creators: name: Ahn, Y. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an attempt to uncover any underlying physics in the standard model (SM), we suggest a $μ$--$τ$ power law in the lepton sector, such that relatively large 13 mixing angle with bi-large ones can be derived. On the basis of this, we propose a neat and economical model for both the fermion mass hierarchy problem of the SM and a solution to the strong CP problem, in a way that no domain wall problem occurs, based on $A_{4}\times U(1)_{X}$ symmetry in a supersymmetric framework. Here we refer to the global $U(1)_X$ symmetry that can explain the above problems as "flavored Peccei-Quinn symmetry". In the model, a direct coupling of the SM gauge singlet flavon fields responsible for spontaneous symmetry breaking to ordinary quarks and leptons, both of which are charged under $U(1)_X$, comes to pass through Yukawa interactions, and all vacuum expectation values breaking the symmetries are connected each other. So, the scale of Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking is shown to be roughly located around $10^{12}$ GeV section through its connection to the fermion masses. The model predictions are shown to lie on the testable regions in the very near future through on-going experiments for neutrino oscillation, neutrinoless double beta decay and axion. We examine the model predictions, arisen from the $μ$--$τ$ power law, on leptonic $CP$ violation, neutrinoless double beta decay and atmospheric mixing angle, and show that the fermion mass and mixing hierarchies are in good agreement with the present data. Interestingly, we show the model predictions on the axion mass $m_a\simeq2.53\times10^{-5}$ eV and the axion coupling to photon $g_{aγγ}\simeq1.33\times10^{-15}~{\rm GeV}^{-1}$. And subsequently the square of the ratio between them is shown to be 1 or 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of the conventional axion model.
description: 60 pages, 6 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Матеріали курсу «Інноваційне підприємництво та стартапи в ЄС». Проєкт «Зміцнення лідерства та спроможності ЄС у сфері науки та інновацій» (101175767—EU_STRENGHTS—ERASMUS-JMO-2024-HEI-TCH-RSCH)
Creators: name: Омельяненко, Віталій
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: EU_STRENGHTS
INNOVATION
START UP

description: Презентація містить навчальні матеріали за темами:

1)    Ландшафт фінансування в ЄС та фінансові стратегії

2)   Тренінг з огляду грантових можливостей для бізнесу

3)   Адаптація бізнес-моделей до ринків ЄС

4)   Масштабування діяльності та інтернаціоналізація. Масштабованість і виклики для МСП

5)   Заснування бізнесу в ЄС (можливості та кейси)

6)   Податковий аспект бізнесу в ЄС

7)   Практичний досвід управління інноваціями

8)   Смарт-рішення для бізнесу в ЄС

9)   Огляд можливостей European Enterprise Network

 

Матеріали курсу «Інноваційне підприємництво та стартапи в ЄС». Проєкт «Зміцнення лідерства та спроможності ЄС у сфері науки та інновацій» (101175767—EU_STRENGHTS—ERASMUS-JMO-2024-HEI-TCH-RSCH)*

*Проєкт фінансується Європейським Союзом. Висловлені думки та погляди є лише особистими думками авторів і не обов'язково відображають позицію Європейського Союзу чи Виконавчого агентства з освіти та культури ЄС (EACEA). Європейський Союз та EACEA не несуть відповідальності за ці погляди.
Regulating Future Driving: Automated Vehicles and the Harmonisation of Australian Laws
Creators: name: Brown, Amanda
name: Bennett, Belinda
name: Brady, Mark
name: Tranter, Kieran
name: Butler, Des
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 480408
subject: Law, science and technology

description: Harmonisation of Australian laws to ensure national consistency will be an important aspect of the introduction of automated vehicles in Australia. This paper analyses the current Australian regulatory landscape and considers the opportunities for harmonisation of Australian law and policy. It begins in Part II with an overview of automated vehicles. Part III considers the harmonisation of Australian transport regulation in relation to automated vehicles. Part IV of the paper analyses four key areas for the introduction of automated vehicles: vehicle operator licensing; application of existing road rules to automated vehicles; the proposal for a national in-service safety regulator; and compulsory third-party insurance. Each of these areas is analysed in terms of the challenges they pose, as well as the opportunities for harmonisation. We argue that the introduction of automated vehicles represents a unique, historic opportunity to modernise and harmonise Australia’s road transport laws.
Looking down in the ancestral selection graph: A probabilistic approach to the common ancestor type distribution
Creators: name: Lenz, Ute
name: Kluth, Sandra
name: Baake, Ellen
name: Wakolbinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92D15, 60J28, 60J60

description: In a (two-type) Wright-Fisher diffusion with directional selection and two-way mutation, let $x$ denote today's frequency of the beneficial type, and given $x$, let $h(x)$ be the probability that, among all individuals of today's population, the individual whose progeny will eventually take over in the population is of the beneficial type. Fearnhead [Fearnhead, P., 2002. The common ancestor at a nonneutral locus. J. Appl. Probab. 39, 38-54] and Taylor [Taylor, J. E., 2007. The common ancestor process for a Wright-Fisher diffusion. Electron. J. Probab. 12, 808-847] obtained a series representation for $h(x)$. We develop a construction that contains elements of both the ancestral selection graph and the lookdown construction and includes pruning of certain lines upon mutation. Besides being interesting in its own right, this construction allows a transparent derivation of the series coefficients of $h(x)$ and gives them a probabilistic meaning.
description: Theoretical Population Biology, in press
Diplomacy
Creators: name: Benalleg, Hamza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Citizen Diplomacy Glossary The development of unofficial lines of contact between opposing factions via regular people in order to enhance trust and foster mutual understanding.
 Diplomacy is the practice of conducting international affairs through negotiation, dialogue, or any other technique that promotes harmonious ties between nations. Diplomacy, in a broader sense, is a collection of activities, institutions, and discourses that are essential for a fundamental understanding of the international system’s historical growth as well as its evolving functional and normative demands.
 Good offices in diplomacy A method of amicable conflict resolution in which a neutral third person attempts to foster conversation between the parties while making no substantive suggestions on possible settlement conditions.
 Diplomatic Mediation is a way of peaceful conflict resolution in which a neutral third party can make meaningful ideas in order to reach a compromise or assist a political agreement, as requested by the parties.
 Diplomatic wrangling the most common way of peaceful conflict resolution. It is the process of exploring and reconciling competing perspectives among nations in order to establish an acceptable solution for all parties in areas of mutual interest.
 Inquiry The official and unbiased evaluation of facts by a neutral panel, as requested by the disputants, in order to avoid misunderstandings and allow a peaceful resolution.
 Sustainable Diplomacy is an overtly normative approach to diplomacy that calls for diplomacy to serve the general interest of mankind rather than the interests of individual governments.
title: Can machine learning enhance return predictability of selected metal commodities?
Creators: name: Albrechts, Reinhard Benjamin Achim Walter
Year: 2021

description: Diese Arbeit vergleicht die Vorhersagbarkeit von Renditen der Metallrohstoffe Gold, Silber, Platin, Palladium und Kupfer auf verschiedenen Datensätzen und über mehrere Veranlagungsperiodizitäten. Ziel ist es, festzustellen, ob Deep-Learning-Modelle die Ergebnisse von Tharann (2019) auf aktuelleren Daten bestätigen und/oder verbessern können, wobei jener starke Indikatoren für eine solche Vorhersagbarkeit auf derselben Auswahl von Metall-Futures aufdeckt, insbesondere nach Einbeziehung des Aruoba-Diebold-Scotti Business Conditions Index (ADS-Index). Sowohl der Quellcode als auch eine Beschreibung der verwendeten Datenfelder sind bereitgestellt, um alle Ergebnisse (mit minimalem Installationsaufwand) reproduzierbar machen zu können. Insgesamt gibt es deutliche Hinweise darauf, dass Metallrenditen vorhersehbar sind und die Forschung für verschiedenste Anleger mit unterschiedlichen Präferenzen bei der Umschichtung von Vermögenswerten attraktiv sein dürfte. Die Tests wurden mit täglichen, wöchentlichen, monatlichen und vierteljährlichen Perioden für drei verschiedene Datensätze durchgeführt. Insgesamt scheinen sowohl Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) als auch Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) lineare Kleinstquadrateschätzer (OLS), eine häufig verwendete Methode in ähnlichen Veröffentlichungen, auf den verwendeten Daten zu übertreffen.
description: This thesis compares predictability of returns of the metal commodities Gold, Silver, Platinum, Palladium and Copper on multiple datasets and across multiple resampling periods. The goal is to determine if deep learning models can confirm and/or enhance the findings of Tharann (2019) on more recent data, who finds strong predictability on the same selection of metal futures out of sample especially after including the Aruoba-Diebold-Scotti Business Conditions Index (ADS-Index). Both the source code as well as a description of the data fields used are provided in order to make all findings reproducible (with minimal installation efforts). Overall, there are strong indications that metal returns are likely predictable and research should be attractive for many types of investors with different asset re-allocation preferences. Tests are run with daily, weekly, monthly and quarterly data on three different sets of predictive variables. As for the utilized models, both Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) as well as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can outperform linear Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), still one of the most utilized tools in existing research on similar topics, on the underlying datasets.
Essay zur Enttabuisierung von Klassismus
Creators: name: Zillig, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 360
subject: Klassismus
subject: Diskriminierung

description: Der Artikel wurde in 2021 verfasst und von einer Zeitschriftenredaktion angenommen. Zur Veröffenlichung kam es nicht.
Nematic and supernematic phases in Kagome quantum antiferromagnets under a magnetic field
Creators: name: Picot, Thibaut
name: Poilblanc, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimizing translationally invariant infinite-Projected Entangled Pair States (iPEPS), we investigate the spin-2 Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki (AKLT) and spin-1 Heisenberg models on the Kagome lattice as a function of magnetic field. We found that the magnetization curves offer a wide variety of compressible and incompressible phases. Incompressible nematic phases breaking the lattice $C_3$ rotation -- for which we propose simple qualitative pictures -- give rise to magnetization plateaux at reduced magnetization $m_z=5/6$ and $m_z=1/3$ for spin-2 and spin-1, respectively, in addition to the $m_z=0$ plateaux characteristic of zero-field gapped spin liquids. Moving away from the plateaux we observe a rich variety of compressible superfluid nematic -- named "supernematic" -- phases breaking spontaneously both point group and spin-U(1) symmetries, as well as a superfluid phase preserving lattice symmetries. We also identify the nature -- continuous or first-order -- of the various phase transitions. Possible connections to experimental spin-1 systems are discussed.
description: 5 pages + supplemental material (6 pages)
Lepton Mixing, Residual Symmetries, and Trigonometric Diophantine Equations
Creators: name: Hu, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study residual symmetries in the lepton sector. Our first concern is the symmetry of the charged lepton mass matrix in the basis where the Majorana neutrino mass matrix is diagonal, which is strongly constrained by the requirement that the symmetry group generated by residual symmetries is finite. In a recent work R. M. Fonseca and W. Grimus found that there exists a set of constraint equations that can be completely solved, which is essential in their approach to the classification of lepton mixing matrices that are fully determined by residual symmetries. In this paper, a method to handle trigonometric Diophantine equations is introduced. We will show that the constraint equations found by Fonseca and Grimus can also be solved by this method. Detailed derivation and discussion will be presented in a self-contained way. In addition, we will also show that, in the case where residual symmetries satisfy a reality condition, this method can be used to solve the equation constraining parameters in the symmetry assignment that controls the group structure generated by residual symmetries and is directly related to mixing matrix elements.
description: 22 pages
Complete Set of Lessons
Creators: name: Rosenwald, Anne
name: Arora, Gaurav
name: Mathur, Vinayak
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2018

description: The Genome Solver Project began as a way to teach faculty some basic skills in bioinformatics - no coding or scripting. These Lessons also work well in the undergraduate classroom, culminating with an authentic community research project.
Periodic Golay pairs of length 72
Creators: name: Djokovic, Dragomir Z.
name: Kotsireas, Ilias S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct supplementary difference sets (SDS) with parameters $(72;36,30;30)$. These SDSs give periodic Golay pairs of length 72. No periodic Golay pair of length 72 was known previously. The smallest undecided order for periodic Golay pairs is now 90. The periodic Golay pairs constructed here are the first examples having length divisible by a prime congruent to 3 modulo 4. The main tool employed is a recently introduced compression method. We observe that Turyn's multiplication of Golay pairs can be also used to multiply a Golay pair and a periodic Golay pair.
description: 10 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1408.6116
Critical fluctuations of a confined binary mixture
Creators: name: Zubaszewska, Małgorzata
name: Gendiar, Andrej
name: Masłowski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploiting the mapping between a binary mixture and the Ising model we have analyzed the critical fluctuations by means of the density-matrix renormalization group technique. The calculations have been carried out for a two-dimensional Ising strip subject to equal strong surface fields. It was found that the critical Casimir force displays significantly different behavior on opposite sides of the capillary condensation line, especially below the critical temperature. It can be concluded that in a real binary mixtures the most attractive force appears at temperatures near T_C and at reservoir compositions slightly away from the critical composition.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
title: Towards a miniaturized photoacoustic sensor for application in transcutaneous CO2 monitoring
title: Supplementary data
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: El-Safoury, Mahmoud
name: Weber, Christian
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CO2 measurement
subject: Photoacoustic sensor
subject: Commercial NDIR sensor
subject: DDC::600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::600 Technik::600 Technik, Technologie

description: Measured microphone and NDIR detector signals
Heat Trace and Functional Determinant in One Dimension
Creators: name: Avramidi, Ivan G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the spectral properties of the Laplace type operator on the circle. We discuss various approximations for the heat trace, the zeta function and the zeta-regularized determinant. We obtain a differential equation for the heat kernel diagonal and a recursive system for the diagonal heat kernel coefficients, which enables us to find closed approximate formulas for the heat trace and the functional determinant which become exact in the limit of infinite radius. The relation to the generalized KdV hierarchy is discussed as well.
description: 28 pages
Unidirectionally Invisible Potentials as Local Building Blocks of all Scattering Potentials
Creators: name: Mostafazadeh, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a complete solution of the problem of constructing a scattering potential v(x) that possesses scattering properties of one's choice at an arbitrary prescribed wavenumber. Our solution involves expressing v(x) as the sum of at most six unidirectionally invisible finite-range potentials for which we give explicit formulas. Our results can be employed for designing optical potentials. We discuss its application in modeling threshold lasers, coherent perfect absorbers, and bidirectionally and unidirectionally reflectionless absorbers, amplifiers, and phase shifters.
description: Expanded version including a postpublication addendum which improves the results considerably, 7 pages, 3 figures added
Microwave readout of Majorana qubits
Creators: name: Ohm, Christoph
name: Hassler, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana qubits offer a promising way to store and manipulate quantum information by encoding it into the state of Majorana zero modes. As the information is stored in a topological property of the system, local noise cannot lead to decoherence. Manipulation of the information is achieved by braiding the zero modes. The measurement, however, is challenging as the information is well hidden and thus inherently hard to access. Here, we discuss a setup for measuring the state of a Majorana qubit by employing standard tools of microwave engineering. The basic physical effect that we employ is the fact that a voltage-biased Josephson junction hosting Majorana fermions allows photons to be emitted and absorbed at half the Josephson frequency. We show that in the dispersive regime, our setup allows us to perform a quantum nondemolition measurement and to reach the quantum limit. An appealing feature of our setup is that the interaction of the Majorana qubit with the measurement device can be turned on and off at will by changing the dc bias of the junction.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Interacting supernovae and supernova impostors. SN 2007sv: the major eruption of a massive star in UGC 5979
Creators: name: Tartaglia, L.
name: Pastorello, A.
name: Taubenberger, S.
name: Cappellaro, E.
name: Maund, J. R.
name: Benetti, S.
name: Boles, T.
name: Bufano, F.
name: Duszanowicz, G.
name: Elias-Rosa, N.
name: Harutyunyan, A.
name: Hermansson, L.
name: Hoeflich, P.
name: Maguire, K.
name: Navasardyan, H.
name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Taddia, F.
name: Turatto, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of the photometric and spectroscopic monitoring campaign of the transient SN 2007sv. The observables are similar to those of type IIn supernovae, a well-known class of objects whose ejecta interact with pre-existing circum-stellar material. The spectra show a blue continuum at early phases and prominent Balmer lines in emission, however, the absolute magnitude at the discovery of SN 2007sv (M_R = - 14.25 +/- 0.38) indicate it to be most likely a supernova impostor. This classification is also supported by the lack of evidence in the spectra of very high velocity material as expected in supernova ejecta. In addition we find no unequivocal evidence of broad lines of alpha - and/or Fe-peak elements. The comparison with the absolute light curves of other interacting objects (including type IIn supernovae) highlights the overall similarity with the prototypical impostor SN 1997bs. This supports our claim that SN 2007sv was not a genuine supernova, and was instead a supernova impostor, most likely similar to the major eruption of a luminous blue variable.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 15 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables
title: Klima kommunizieren
Creators: name: Steffner, Theresa
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit untersucht die Rolle des Emotional Flows in der Klimakommunikation. In einer experimentellen Studie wurden vier Artikel zum Thema nachhaltiger Mode so manipuliert, dass positive und negative Emotion, ein Shift von positiver zu negativer, sowie ein Shift von negativer zu positiver Emotion ausgelöst wurden. Ziel der Arbeit war es zu vergleichen, ob eine Emotional-Flow-Bedingung im Vergleich zu einer Single-Emotion-Bedingung umweltschonendere Einstellung, Verhaltensintention und tatsächliches Verhalten hervorruft. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine Lücke zwischen Umwelteinstellung und umweltschonendem Verhalten hin. Die Annahme, dass ein Emotional Flow als Message Design effektiver ist, konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Da die Untersuchung des Emotional Flow bisher nur vereinzelt erfolgt ist, leistet die vorliegende Forschung einen Beitrag zur Schließung dieser Forschungslücke.
title: Heightened Technology in the Care of Type 1 Diabetes: An Ethical Symbiosis?
Creators: name: Larsen, Susanna
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This paper explores the common negative consequences and ethical issues associated with the evolving medical technology used in the care of Type 1 diabetes. In this paper, I will discuss the ethical impacts of technology on diabetic youth: their view of self, their mechanical requirements, and their health priorities. In order to define the scope of the issues, I will use the following intellectual tools: feminist theory, care ethics, and philosophical discussions of control. This paper will also outline some possible solutions to these ethical issues.
Ising-like models on arbitrary graphs : The Hadamard way
Creators: name: Mosseri, Rémy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generic framework to describe classical Ising-like models defined on arbitrary graphs. The energy spectrum is shown to be the Hadamard transform of a suitably defined sparse "coding" vector associated with the graph. We expect that the existence of a fast Hadamard transform algorithm (used for instance in image ccompression processes), together with the sparseness of the coding vector, may provide ways to fasten the spectrum computation.. Applying this formalism to regular graphs, such as hypercubic graphs, we obtain a simple recurrence relation for the spectrum, which significantly speeds up its determination. First attempts to analyse partition functions and transfer matrices are also presented.
description: published version, minor changes from v1
The Second Laws for an Information driven Current through a Spin Valve
Creators: name: Strasberg, Philipp
name: Schaller, Gernot
name: Brandes, Tobias
name: Jarzynski, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a physically realizable Maxwell's demon device using a spin valve interacting unitarily for a short time with electrons placed on a tape of quantum dots, which is thermodynamically equivalent to the device introduced by Mandal and Jarzynski [PNAS 109, 11641 (2012)]. The model is exactly solvable and we show that it can be equivalently interpreted as a Brownian ratchet demon. We then consider a measurement based discrete feedback scheme, which produces identical system dynamics, but possesses a different second law inequality. We show that the second law for discrete feedback control can provide a smaller, equal or larger bound on the maximum extractable work as compared to the second law involving the tape of bits. Finally, we derive an effective master equation governing the system evolution for Poisson distributed bits on the tape (or measurement times respectively) and we show that its associated entropy production rate contains the same physical statement as the second law involving the tape of bits.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Comments on HKT supersymmetric sigma models and their Hamiltonian reduction
Creators: name: Fedoruk, Sergey
name: Smilga, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using complex notation, we present new simple expressions for two pairs of complex supercharges in HKT supersymmetric sigma models. The second pair of supercharges depends on the holomorphic antisymmetric "hypercomplex structure" tensor which plays the same role for the HKT models as the complex structure tensor for the Kaehler models. When the Hamiltonian and supercharges commute with the momenta conjugate to the imaginary parts of the complex coordinates, one can perform a Hamiltonian reduction. The models thus obtained represent a special class of quasicomplex sigma models introduced recently by Ivanov and Smilga.
description: 1+22 pages, typos corrected
The Lie group of real analytic diffeomorphisms is not real analytic
Creators: name: Dahmen, Rafael
name: Schmeding, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58D15 (primary), 58D05, 22E65, 58B10, 26E05 (secondary)

description: We construct an infinite dimensional real analytic manifold structure for the space of real analytic mappings from a compact manifold to a locally convex manifold. Here a map is real analytic if it extends to a holomorphic map on some neighbourhood of the complexification of its domain. As is well known the construction turns the group of real analytic diffeomorphisms into a smooth locally convex Lie group. We prove then that the diffeomorphism group is regular in the sense of Milnor. In the inequivalent "convenient setting of calculus" the real analytic diffeomorphisms even form a real analytic Lie group. However, we prove that the Lie group structure on the group of real analytic diffeomorphisms is in general not real analytic in our sense.
description: 33 pages, LaTex, v2: now includes a proof for the regularity of the real analytic diffeomorphism group
Self-guided quantum tomography
Creators: name: Ferrie, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a self-learning tomographic technique in which the experiment guides itself to an estimate of its own state. Self-guided quantum tomography (SGQT) uses measurements to directly test hypotheses in an iterative algorithm which converges to the true state. We demonstrate through simulation on many qubits that SGQT is a more efficient and robust alternative to the usual paradigm of taking a large amount of informationally complete data and solving the inverse problem of post-processed state estimation.
description: v2: published version
Almost-Fisher families
Creators: name: Das, Shagnik
name: Sudakov, Benny
name: Vieira, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A classic theorem in combinatorial design theory is Fisher's inequality, which states that a family $\mathcal F$ of subsets of $[n]$ with all pairwise intersections of size $λ$ can have at most $n$ non-empty sets. One may weaken the condition by requiring that for every set in $\mathcal F$, all but at most $k$ of its pairwise intersections have size $λ$. We call such families $k$-almost $λ$-Fisher. Vu was the first to study the maximum size of such families, proving that for $k=1$ the largest family has $2n-2$ sets, and characterising when equality is attained. We substantially refine his result, showing how the size of the maximum family depends on $λ$. In particular we prove that for small $λ$ one essentially recovers Fisher's bound. We also solve the next open case of $k=2$ and obtain the first non-trivial upper bound for general $k$.
description: 27 pages (incluiding one appendix)
The frequency and infrared brightness of circumstellar discs at white dwarfs
Creators: name: Rocchetto, M.
name: Farihi, J.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Bergfors, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: White dwarfs whose atmospheres are polluted by terrestrial-like planetary debris have become a powerful and unique tool to study evolved planetary systems. This paper presents results for an unbiased Spitzer IRAC search for circumstellar dust orbiting a homogeneous and well-defined sample of 134 single white dwarfs. The stars were selected without regard to atmospheric metal content but were chosen to have 1) hydrogen rich atmospheres, 2) 17 000 K < T_eff < 25 000 K and correspondingly young post main-sequence ages of 15-270Myr, and 3) sufficient far-ultraviolet brightness for a corresponding Hubble Space Telescope COS Snapshot. Five white dwarfs were found to host an infrared bright dust disc, three previously known, and two reported here for the first time, yielding a nominal 3.7% of white dwarfs in this post-main sequence age range with detectable circumstellar dust. Remarkably, complementary HST observations indicate that a fraction of 27% show metals in their photosphere that can only be explained with ongoing accretion from circumstellar material, indicating that nearly 90% of discs escape detection in the infrared, likely due to small emitting surface area. This paper also presents the distribution of disc fractional luminosity as a function of cooling age for all known dusty white dwarfs, suggesting possible disc evolution scenarios and indicating an undetected population of circumstellar discs.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures and 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
ANALYZING THE MULTIFACETED FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE SUCCESS OF WOMEN IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN KERALA
Creators: name: Dr. D. THAMIZHVEL
name: SHAMBU K K
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Women Entrepreneurs, Success Factors, Financial Costs, Structural Development, Empowerment, Business Growth, Gender Equality, Economic Development.

description: Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the primary factors influencing the success of women entrepreneurship in the Kerala region. Conducted as an empirical research in a descriptive approach, the study aimed to identify key elements that significantly impact the success rates of female business owners while operating their companies. The population of women entrepreneurs in the South Kerala region was obtained from the Directorate of Industries and Commerce. The research encompassed 11,355 female business owners spread across the region. A pilot study was conducted to assess the reliability of data collection methods, leading to the determination that a sample size of 286 would be optimal. The sample was selected using the tippet's table approach, a form of simple random sampling. For analyzing the cause-and-effect relationship among various factors contributing to the success rates of women entrepreneurs, path analysis was employed. The study identified specific areas where women entrepreneurs require focused training and support, such as Lacking Knowledge on Digital Marketing Skill and Factors of Production (LKDFP), Dominant Financial Cost and Changes in Regulations (FCCR), and Labor Problems and Structural Development (LPSD). Addressing these challenges and providing support in less-privileged regions could significantly enhance the chances of success for women entrepreneurs.
Low-Energy Behavior of Gluons and Gravitons from Gauge Invariance
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: Davies, Scott
name: Di Vecchia, Paolo
name: Nohle, Josh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that at tree level, on-shell gauge invariance can be used to fully determine the first subleading soft-gluon behavior and the first two subleading soft-graviton behaviors. Our proofs of the behaviors for n-gluon and n-graviton tree amplitudes are valid in D dimensions and are similar to Low's proof of universality of the first subleading behavior of photons. In contrast to photons coupling to massive particles, in four dimensions the soft behaviors of gluons and gravitons are corrected by loop effects. We comment on how such corrections arise from this perspective. We also show that loop corrections in graviton amplitudes arising from scalar loops appear only at the second soft subleading order. This case is particularly transparent because it is not entangled with graviton infrared singularities. Our result suggests that if we set aside the issue of infrared singularities, soft-graviton Ward identities of extended BMS symmetry are not anomalous through the first subleading order.
description: RevTeX, 5 figures, 28 pages; v3 minor corrections and clarifications
Orbital parameters of infalling satellite haloes in the hierarchical $Λ$CDM model
Creators: name: Jiang, Lilian
name: Cole, Shaun
name: Sawala, Till
name: Frenk, Carlos S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present distributions of orbital parameters of infalling satellites of $Λ$CDM haloes in the mass range $10^{12}-10^{14}$M$_\odot$, which represent the initial conditions for the subsequent evolution of substructures within the host halo. We use merger trees constructed in a high resolution cosmological N-body simulation to trace satellite haloes, and identify the time of infall. We find signficant trends in the distribution of orbital parameters with both the host halo mass and the ratio of satellite-to-host halo masses. For all host halo masses, satellites whose infall mass is a larger fraction of the host halo mass have more eccentric, radially biased orbits. At fixed satellite-to-host halo mass ratio, high mass haloes are biased towards accreting satellites on slightly more radial orbits. To charactise the orbital distributions fully requires fitting the correlated bivariate distribution of two chosen orbital parameters (e.g. radial and tangential velocity or energy and angular momentum). We provide simple fits to one choice of the bivariate distributions, which when transformed faithfully, captures the behaviour of any of the projected one-dimensional distributions.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Determining surface properties with bimodal and multimodal AFM
Creators: name: Forchheimer, Daniel
name: Borysov, Stanislav S.
name: Platz, Daniel
name: Haviland, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be extended to bimodal and multimodal AFM in which the cantilever is simultaneously excited at two ore more resonance frequencies. Such excitation schemes result in one additional amplitude and phase images for each driven resonance, and potentially convey more information about the surface under investigation. Here we present a theoretical basis for using this information to approximate the parameters of a tip-surface interaction model. The theory is verified by simulations with added noise corresponding to room-temperature measurements.
Information Causality in the Quantum and Post-Quantum Regime
Creators: name: Ringbauer, Martin
name: Fedrizzi, Alessandro
name: Berry, Dominic W.
name: White, Andrew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum correlations can be stronger than anything achieved by classical systems, yet they are not reaching the limit imposed by relativity. The principle of information causality offers a possible explanation for why the world is quantum and why there appear to be no even stronger correlations. Generalizing the no-signaling condition it suggests that the amount of accessible information must not be larger than the amount of transmitted information. Here we study this principle experimentally in the classical, quantum and post-quantum regimes. We simulate correlations that are stronger than allowed by quantum mechanics by exploiting the effect of polarization-dependent loss in a photonic Bell-test experiment. Our method also applies to other fundamental principles and our results highlight the special importance of anisotropic regions of the no-signalling polytope in the study of fundamental principles.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures + Supplement(2 pages, 3 figures)
Baryonic torii: Toroidal baryons in a generalized Skyrme model
Creators: name: Gudnason, Sven Bjarke
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a Skyrme-type model with a potential term motivated by Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), which we call the BEC Skyrme model. We consider two flavors of the model, the first is the Skyrme model and the second has a sixth-order derivative term instead of the Skyrme term; both with the added BEC-motivated potential. The model contains toroidally shaped Skyrmions and they are characterized by two integers P and Q, representing the winding numbers of two complex scalar fields along the toroidal and poloidal cycles of the torus, respectively. The baryon number is B=PQ. We find stable Skyrmion solutions for P=1,2,3,4,5 with Q=1, while for P=6 and Q=1 it is only metastable. We further find that configurations with higher Q>1 are all unstable and split into Q configurations with Q=1. Finally we discover a phase transition, possibly of first order, in the mass parameter of the potential under study.
description: RevTeX: 31 pages, 16 figures; V2: published version (section V added)
Noisy signals: do ratings’ volatility depend on the length of the consumption span?
Creators: name: Boto-García, David
name: Leoni, Veronica
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2023
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: This paper investigates the informational content of online reviews. For the case of hotels, we model how the length of the stay shapes the variance of review scores. Grounded on violations of temporal monotonicity, errors in recall and hedonic adaptation theories, we first present a characterization of how the consumption span affects the non-deterministic component of consumer satisfaction. Next, we conduct an empirical analysis using more than 525,000 individual reviews from Booking.com in 5 major European cities. Under a heteroskedastic framework, we document that individual ratings’ volatility decreases with the length of the stay. This implies that online ratings from short stayers (short consumption episodes) are noisy signals of the underlying hotel quality. Furthermore, we show that greater volatility in hotel ratings translates into a lower share of useful reviews for subsequent consumers. Our findings offer relevant insights for platform design operators about the sources of ratings’ volatility and how this affects social learning.
Robust Geometry Estimation using the Generalized Voronoi Covariance Measure
Creators: name: Cuel, Louis
name: Lachaud, Jacques-Olivier
name: Mérigot, Quentin
name: Thibert, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Voronoi Covariance Measure of a compact set K of R^d is a tensor-valued measure that encodes geometric information on K and which is known to be resilient to Hausdorff noise but sensitive to outliers. In this article, we generalize this notion to any distance-like function delta and define the delta-VCM. We show that the delta-VCM is resilient to Hausdorff noise and to outliers, thus providing a tool to estimate robustly normals from a point cloud approximation. We present experiments showing the robustness of our approach for normal and curvature estimation and sharp feature detection.
Simulations for a next-generation UHECR observatory
Creators: name: Oikonomou, Foteini
name: Kotera, Kumiko
name: Abdalla, Filipe B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the potential of a future, ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) experiment, that is able to overcome the limitation of low statistics, to detect anisotropy in the arrival directions of UHECRs. We concentrate on the lower energy range of future instruments (E > 50 EeV), where, if the UHECR source number density is not too low, the sources should be numerous enough to imprint a clustering pattern in the sky, and thus possibly in the UHECR arrival directions. Under these limits, the anisotropy signal should be dominated by the clustering of astrophysical sources per-se in the large-scale structures, and not the clustering of events around individual sources. We study the potential for a statistical discrimination between different astrophysical models which we parametrise by the number density of UHECR sources, the possible bias of the UHECR accelerators with respect to the galaxy distribution, and the unknown fraction of UHECRs that have been deflected by large angles. We demonstrate that an order-of-magnitude increase in statistics would allow to discriminate between a variety of astrophysical models, provided that a sub-sample of light elements can be extracted, and that it represents at least ~70% of the overall flux, sensitive to the UHECR source number density. Even without knowledge of the composition, an anisotropy at the 99.7% level should be detectable when the number of detected events exceeds 2000 beyond 50 EeV, as long as the composition is proton dominated, and the number density of UHECR sources is relatively high. If the UHECR sources are strongly biased relative to the galaxy distribution, as are for example galaxy clusters, an anisotropy at the 99.7% should be detectable once the number of detected events exceeds 1000, if the fraction of protons at the highest energies is ~60% or higher.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures; published in JCAP; arXiv version updated to include minor revisions
Spacetime curvature and the Higgs stability during inflation
Creators: name: Herranen, Matti
name: Markkanen, Tommi
name: Nurmi, Sami
name: Rajantie, Arttu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been claimed that the electroweak vacuum may be unstable during inflation due to large fluctuations of order $H$ in case of a high inflationary scale as suggested by BICEP2. We compute the Standard Model Higgs effective potential including UV-induced curvature corrections at one-loop level. We find that for a high inflationary scale a large curvature mass is generated due to RG running of non-minimal coupling $ξ$, which either stabilizes the potential against fluctuations for $ξ_{\rm EW} \gtrsim 6\cdot 10^{-2}$, or destabilizes it for $ξ_{\rm EW} \lesssim 2 \cdot 10^{-2}$ when the generated curvature mass is negative. Only in the narrow intermediate region the effect of the curvature mass may be significantly smaller.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Version published in PRL
Optimal strongly conflict-avoiding codes of even length and weight three
Creators: name: Zhang, Yijin
name: Lo, Yuan-Hsun
name: Wong, Wing Shing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94B25, 94C30, 11A15

description: Strongly conflict-avoiding codes (SCACs) are employed in a slot-asynchronous multiple-access collision channel without feedback to guarantee that each active user can send at least one packet successfully in the worst case within a fixed period of time. Assume all users are assigned distinct codewords, the number of codewords in an SCAC is equal to the number of potential users that can be supported. SCACs have different combinatorial structure compared with conflict-avoiding codes (CACs) due to additional collisions incurred by partially overlapped transmissions. In this paper, we establish upper bounds on the size of SCACs of even length and weight three. Furthermore, it is shown that some optimal CACs can be used to construct optimal SCACs of weight three.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure. Submitted to Designs, Codes and Cryptography. 1st revision
Cumulants, free cumulants and half-shuffles
Creators: name: Ebrahimi-Fard, Kurusch
name: Patras, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Free cumulants were introduced as the proper analog of classical cumulants in the theory of free probability. There is a mix of similarities and differences, when one considers the two families of cumulants. Whereas the combinatorics of classical cumulants is well expressed in terms of set partitions, the one of free cumulants is described, and often introduced in terms of non-crossing set partitions. The formal series approach to classical and free cumulants also largely differ. It is the purpose of the present article to put forward a different approach to these phenomena. Namely, we show that cumulants, whether classical or free, can be understood in terms of the algebra and combinatorics underlying commutative as well as non-commutative (half-)shuffles and (half-)unshuffles. As a corollary, cumulants and free cumulants can be characterized through linear fixed point equations. We study the exponential solutions of these linear fixed point equations, which display well the commutative, respectively non-commutative, character of classical, respectively free, cumulants.
description: updated and revised version; accepted for publication in PRSA