cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Functional Breast MRI with BOLD Contrast
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Early detection of breast cancer currently stands as one of the best defenses to the disease, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) becoming an increasingly more valuable technology. Currently, MRI diagnostic protocols use Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI, requiring intravenous injection of a contrast agent, such as Gadolinium. This helps distinguish malignant areas of the breast by highlighting unusual morphology and depicting areas with increased perfusion of blood. Unfortunately, MRI is associated with many “false positives” leading to unnecessary biopsies. Beyond DCE-MRI, new approaches, such as functional MRI (fMRI), detect hemodynamic variation in a tissue due to changes in oxygenation using a method called Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) contrast. Traditionally, this technique has been used to study the brain, but has the potential to evaluate tumor metabolism and angiogenesis. Variations in oxygenation may give insight on tumor types, predict susceptibility to anti-angiogenic therapeutics, and monitor chemotherapeutics. To date, no major study has been published which evaluates fMRI BOLD contrast in healthy and malignant human breast tissue. We plan to evaluate BOLD contrast in the breast by stimulating tissue oxygenation with a breathing protocol where we can vary the oxygen intake.

 To validate our fMRI BOLD contrast breast imaging, we plan to first develop a robust methodology for detecting BOLD contrast in the breasts of healthy volunteers. BOLD contrast has previously been used to evaluate brain function and its application to the breast poses several challenging adaptations. Three of the challenges we plan to address include: (1) determining the best way to stimulate a variation in oxygen flow through the breast, (2) evaluating the effects of menstrual cycle on BOLD contrast in the breast, and (3) separating the glandular tissue and lipid oxygen measurements in the breast. Once a robust method has been developed, we will evaluate the technology on a small cohort of breast cancer patients at Stanford Hospital. This project also involves collaborations with radiologists and medical physics experts at Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco.

 Determining breast tumor oxygen metabolism with BOLD contrast MRI will provide a non-invasive technique that complements MRI’s utility in breast imaging. BOLD contrast MRI in the breast has the potential to improve the specificity of MRI in detecting tumors, predict therapy response, and monitor therapy response.
Assessment of population exposures to airborne allergenic pollen in the US from 1994 to 2010
Creators: name: Mei, Kun
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: Airborne allergenic pollen is a main cause of Allergic Airway Disease (AAD), which affects 5%-30% of the population in industrialized countries. Furthermore, allergenic pollen has been reported to act synergistically with common air pollutants, such as ozone and particular matter, to exacerbate allergy symptoms. Studies of population exposures to allergenic pollen will help to provide useful information for the scientific community to aid allergy sufferers.  In the present study, a probabilistic exposure modeling system has been developed using Monte Carlo methods to simulate exposures of the general population in the United States (US) to airborne allergenic pollen. Simulations were conducted by sampling randomly from distributions of outdoor and indoor allergenic pollen concentrations and distributions of activity data for the general US population. These activity data include time spent indoors and outdoors, inhalation rates, exposed skin area, hand-to-mouth touch frequency, etc. Distributions of airborne allergenic pollen concentrations from representative trees, weeds and grass in nine climate regions in contiguous US were developed from observed airborne pollen counts collected at the American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) monitoring stations. US demographic data were used to generate the distributions of activities stratified by age and gender in the corresponding climate regions.   The mean and standard deviation of “virtual individual” daily inhalation intakes from 1994 to 2000 in the contiguous US (CONUS) were &4±193 (mean±1std.) pollen grains/day for ragweed (Ambrosia), 213±68& pollen grains/day for mugwort (Artemisia), 146±616 pollen grains/day for birch (Betula), &2±23& pollen grains/day for grasses (Gramineae), and 401±1312 pollen grains/day for oak (Quercus), during their respective pollen periods. The mean and standard deviation of daily “virtual individual” daily inhalation intakes from 2003 to 2010 in the CONUS were 162±540 pollen grains/day for ragweed (Ambrosia), 121±284 pollen grains/day for mugwort (Artemisia), 163±&80 pollen grains/day for birch (Betula), 114±368 pollen grains/day for grasses (Gramineae), and 66&±19&4 pollen grains/day for oak (Quercus), during their respective pollen periods.   Global sensitivity analysis of the simulations, based on Morris’ design, was used to investigate sensitivity and interaction effects of the daily intakes of allergenic pollen to the model parameters and inputs.   Exposure estimates were sensitive to parameters such as indoor ventilation rate, density of pollen, removal coefficient of pollen on the skin and efficiency of adherence to skin. The inhalation route contributes 140 times higher pollen exposure levels than the dermal contact route and 15& times higher pollen exposure levels than the unintentional ingestion route for subjects of the general population.
Humbertiella Saussure 1869
Creators: name: Schwarz, Christian J.
name: Konopik, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Mantodea
Liturgusidae
Humbertiella

description: Humbertiella Saussure, 1869
= Theopompula Giglio-Tos, 1917
Members of this lineage are found on tree bark. There are several poorly defined species in S and SE Asia; a taxonomic revision of the genus is required.
Humbertiella ocularis Saussure, 1872
Humbertiella ocularis Saussure, 1872: 16 -17
= Theopompa disparilis Westwood, 1889: 29, pl. 13, fig. 2G, 3E
Distribution. Malay Peninsula, Sunda Islands, New Guinea (?) (Giglio-Tos 1927, Ehrmann 2002, Helmkampf et al. 2007, Bragg 2010).
Bornean records. Sarawak: Balangian (SMSM), Sadong (SMSM), Mt. Serapi (CS in situ), Lanjak Entimau (1 m, CSUB), Mt. Dulit (Beier 1937), Claudetown (Beier 1958), Lambir Hills (Bragg 2010), Dahan (Bragg 2010); Brunei: Labu River (Bragg 2010), Kuala Belalong (OK in situ); Sabah: Sandakan (Hebard 1920), Labuan Island (Hebard 1920), Sorinsim (AFUW), Crocker Range (AFUW), Poring Hot Springs (Helmkampf et al. 2007; SMNK), Ulu Dusun (Bragg 2010), Danum Valley (Bragg 2010); Sukau (Bragg 2010), Labuk River (Bragg 2010), Jesselton (Bragg 2010), Kota Kinabalu (Bragg 2010), Kalimantan: Mentawir (Beier 1958), Tengah (Bragg 2010), Sampit (ZMB).
Remarks. H. ocularis is the only species of this predominantly continental genus known to reach the Malay Archipelago. Its occurrence in New Guinea (Ehrmann 2002) is doubtful (no specimens listed by Beier 1965).
description: Published as part of Schwarz, Christian J. & Konopik, Oliver, 2014, An annotated checklist of the praYing mantises (Mantodea) of Borneo, including the results of the 2008 scientific expedition to Lanjak Entimau Wildlife SanctuarY, Sarawak, pp. 130-168 in Zootaxa 3797 (1) on page 136, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3797.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/226038
Observations and modeling of the coastal ocean beneath tropical and extra-tropical cyclones
Creators: name: Miles, Travis N.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: Tropical and extra-tropical cyclones are important episodic events that redistribute heat, nutrients, sediment, pollutants, carbon and other tracers on continental shelves, enhance near-surface chlorophyll and initiate phytoplankton blooms. These storms also cause extensive coastal damage through direct wind forcing, storm surge and precipitation. Despite the importance of these storms, they are chronically difficult to sample due to the extreme sampling conditions.     In my thesis I present data from Teledyne-Webb Slocum autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) deployed beneath an extra-tropical cyclone, Nor’Ida, and Huricane Sandy on the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB). In the first chapter of my thesis I used data from multiple AUVs and an ocean observation network to show that small-scale (O10km) spatial variability in sediment grain size is responsible for observed spatial variability in sediment resuspension and transport, even in large storms.     In the second chapter we deployed an AUV with an upward looking current meter beneath Hurricane Sandy and found that offshore advection of a downwelling front rapidly removed a cold water mass (the summer Cold Pool) from the continental-shelf over 18 hours before the storm made landfall. This study demonstrates that advective processes need to be included in future coupled atmospheric-ocean models to accurately forecast storm intensity.     In the third and final chapter of my thesis I used optical, acoustic and hydrographic data collected by the AUV during Hurricane Sandy to validate coupled hydrographic, bottom boundary layer and sediment models. This study is one of the first validations of the coupled model during an extreme storm on the MAB and shows broad patterns of erosion and deposition during Hurricane Sandy.
Eptesicus nilssonii
Creators: name: Jo, Yeong-Seok
name: Baccus, John T.
name: Koprowski, John L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Eptesicus
Eptesicus nilssonii

description: Eptesicus nilssonii (Keyserling et Blasius, 1839) —Northern Bat
Ƒespertilio nilssonii Keyserling and Blasius, 1839 p.315; Type locality- Sweden.
Eptesicus nilssonii: Mori, 1928 p.293; Tate, 1947 p.90; Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.155; Won, 1968 p.118; Han, 1994 p.45; Won & Smith, 1999 p.11; Son, 2001 p.111; Yoon, 2004 p.81.
E. parvus Kishida, 1932 p.2; Type locality- northern Korea; Tate, 1947 p.91.
E. nilssonii parvus: Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.155; Won, 1958 p.457; Won, 1967 p.336; Won, 1968 p.120; Corbet, 1978 p.57 (doubtful); Yoshiyuki, 1989 p.168; Yoon, 1992 p.48; Yoon, 2010 p.65.
Range: The distribution of E. nilssonii ranges throughout the Korean Peninsula, but the species remains rare in southern Korea (Han et al. 2011; Fig. 35). The northern bat was first recorded in Lanam, Hamgyeongbuk Province and observed in the area surrounding Seoul and Gyeonggi Province (Won 1967; Son 2001; Kim et al. 2015).
Remarks: Only the Subspecies Eptesicus nilssonii parvus Kishida, 1932 was recognized for Korea (Won 1968; Yoon 2010). Although Hanák and Horáćek (1986) regarded this subspecies as an erroneous identification of Pipistrellus savii, Yoshiyuki (1989) classified E. nilssonii from Sakhalin and Hokkaido to E. n. parvus.
description: Published as part of Jo, Yeong-Seok, Baccus, John T. & Koprowski, John L., 2018, Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status, pp. 1-216 in Zootaxa 4522 (1) on pages 57-58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2610198
Getting things done
Creators: name: Miracchi, Lisa
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: In Getting Things Done, I develop and defend a new theory of achievement. An achievement, as I use the term, is the crown performance of a cognitive or practical domain. In the perceptual domain, the achievement is perceiving things as they are; in the epistemic domain, it is knowing that p; in the practical domain, it is intentionally accomplishing what one intends. In each of these domains there are corresponding cases of failure that deviate from achievements in interesting ways, and that also deserve explanation. These include hallucinations, perceptual illusions, cases of justified false belief, and cases where we fail to do what we try to do. Traditionally, theorists have supposed that achievements and their corresponding failures may both be explained in terms of neutral performances---mental states or actions that may obtain both in cases of achievement and in cases of failure---and non-personal (non-mental, non-agential) conditions. For example, visually representing, believing, and intending have all been posited as neutral common factors that help to explain the achievements and corresponding failures in their respective domains. In my dissertation, I argue against this approach and develop an achievement-first alternative.    In "Achievements and Exercises'', I argue against the traditional common factor approach to competences, and propose an achievement-first theory---the dual exercise account. According to it, there are no neutral exercises of competence; exercises are either constitutively achievements or constitutively failures. In "Competence to Know'', I apply the dual exercise account to the epistemic domain, and propose a direct virtue epistemology, on which knowledge is a manifestation of a competence to know, not to believe truly. In "A Virtue Aistheology'', I apply the dual exercise account to the perceptual domain.    In these three chapters, I provide a new framework for theorizing about mental phenomena. I show how an achievement-first virtue-theoretic approach can be an explanatory rival of the traditional common factor approach. It makes progress both in answering questions that arise on any achievement-first approach, such as what it is for achievements to be mental states in their own right, as well as traditional problems, such as how achievements are related to corresponding failures.
Additional file 1: of Trends in bednet ownership and usage, and the effect of bednets on malaria hospitalization in the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS): 2008â  2015
Creators: name: Kamau, Alice
name: Nyaga, Victoria
name: Evasius Bauni
name: Tsofa, Benjamin
name: Abdisalan Noor
name: Bejon, Philip
name: J. Scott
name: Hammitt, Laura
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Timeline for the KHDSS bednet survey, sero-survey and the mass distribution. (DOCX 260Â kb)
Arachnotheutes stefanschmidti Schmid-Egger 2017
Creators: name: Gadallah, Neveen S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
name: Brothers, Denis J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Arachnotheutes
Arachnotheutes stefanschmidti

description: Arachnotheutes stefanschmidti Schmid-Egger, 2017
Distribution in the Arabian Peninsula: United Arab Emirates (Schmid-Egger 2017).
Extralimital distribution: No records.
description: Published as part of Gadallah, Neveen S., Schmid-Egger, Christian & Brothers, Denis J., 2020, Biodiversity of the aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Arabian Peninsula: Vespoidea, Pompilidae, pp. 153-173 in Zootaxa 4754 (1) on page 160, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4754.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/3719039
Pipistrellus Kaup 1829
Creators: name: Jo, Yeong-Seok
name: Baccus, John T.
name: Koprowski, John L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Pipistrellus

description: Genus Pipistrellus Kaup, 1829
With Genus Nyctalus, this genus represents Tribe Pipistrellini and Subfamily Vespertilioninae. All Korean species representing the Genus Pipistrellus are classified in the Subgenus Pipistrellus. Three species of Pipistrellus have been listed as inhabiting Korea, but the presence of one of them, Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774) remains doubtful. Although P. pipistrellus was reported in central Korea (Ellerman & Morrison-Scott 1951; Won 1958, 1967), no available specimens or collection data exist; these reports possibly represent erroneous identifications (Corbet 1978). Therefore, we delisted P. pipistrellus from our list of the mammals of Korea and confirm two species of Pipistrellus in Korea.
description: Published as part of Jo, Yeong-Seok, Baccus, John T. & Koprowski, John L., 2018, Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status, pp. 1-216 in Zootaxa 4522 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2610198
Theopompa Stal 1877
Creators: name: Schwarz, Christian J.
name: Konopik, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Mantodea
Liturgusidae
Theopompa

description: Theopompa Stål, 1877
This is another lineage of bark-dwelling species, preferring the canopy layer of large trees. Predominantly Sundaian.
Theopompa tosta Stål, 1877
Distribution. Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, Philippines, New Guinea (?) (Stål 1877, Giglio-Tos 1927, Ehrmann 2002, Helmkampf et al. 2007, Bragg 2010; ZMB).
Bornean records. Sarawak: Lambir Hills (Bragg 2010), Mt. Mulu (Bragg 2010); Brunei: Kuala Belalong (Bragg 2010), Selanjak River (Bragg 2010); Sabah: Ulu Dusun (Bragg 2010), Sepilok (Bragg 2010), Long Pa Sia (Bragg 2010), Danum Valley (Helmkampf et al. 2007, Bragg 2010), Poring Hot Springs (Helmkampf et al. 2007), Brumas (Bragg 2010), Labuk River (Bragg 2010), Crocker Range (AFUW), Maliau Basin (OK in situ), Darvel Bay (ZMB); Kalimantan: Wahnes (ZMB), Tengah (Bragg 2010).
Remarks. Its occurrence in New Guinea (Ehrmann 2002) is doubtful (no specimens listed by Beier 1965).
Theopompa borneana Giglio-Tos, 1917
Distribution. Malay Peninsula, Borneo (Giglio-Tos 1927, Werner 1933, Ehrmann 2002, Bragg 2010).
Bornean records. Sarawak: Batang Ai (SMNK), Mt. Dulit (Beier 1937), Mt. Mulu (Bragg 2010); Sabah: Danum Valley (Bragg 2010), Mt. Trus Madi (Bragg 2010), Labuk River (Bragg 2010), Sandakan (Bragg 2010), Kretam River (Bragg 2010); Kalimantan: Tengah (Bragg 2010), Roetui River (ZMB), Wahnes (ZMB).
Remarks. Considered to be a synonym of T. burmeisteri (De Haan, 1842) by Hebard (1920), but shown to be a valid species by Bragg (2010).
Fam. Tarachodidae Giglio-Tos, 1917 1 Subfam. Caliridinae Giglio-Tos, 1915 1,2
description: Published as part of Schwarz, Christian J. & Konopik, Oliver, 2014, An annotated checklist of the praYing mantises (Mantodea) of Borneo, including the results of the 2008 scientific expedition to Lanjak Entimau Wildlife SanctuarY, Sarawak, pp. 130-168 in Zootaxa 3797 (1) on pages 136-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3797.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/226038
Arachnotheutes aegyptorum
Creators: name: Gadallah, Neveen S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
name: Brothers, Denis J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Arachnotheutes
Arachnotheutes aegyptorum

description: Arachnotheutes aegyptorum (Priesner, 1955)
Distribution in the Arabian Peninsula: United Arab Emirates (Schmid-Egger 2017).
Extralimital distribution: Egypt, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Libya, Somalia, Syria, Tunisia, Turkmenistan (Priesner 1966b; Wolf 1978b, 1997, 1998a, 2004b; Wolf et al. 2009).
description: Published as part of Gadallah, Neveen S., Schmid-Egger, Christian & Brothers, Denis J., 2020, Biodiversity of the aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Arabian Peninsula: Vespoidea, Pompilidae, pp. 153-173 in Zootaxa 4754 (1) on page 160, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4754.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/3719039
Self-Screening HPV and Anal Dysplasia in HIV Infected Women
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Although women comprise the majority of anal cancer cases in the United States, research regarding an acceptable means of screening at risk populations particularly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected women is lacking. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted disease in adults worldwide and is a well known cause of anal cancer. Persons living with HIV are at higher risk for acquiring HPV infections and HPV associated cancers. Much of the research regarding the detection of HPV has been performed in men who have sex with men (MSM). We propose a study that looks at self-collected versus clinician collected specimens in a population of HIV infected and high-risk HIV uninfected women. Moreover, we hope to examine the types and prevalence of virus present in both the anus and the cervix to see if they show a relationship. This study consists of a single visit/cross-sectional study looking at the acceptability of self-screening for anal cancer as well as prospective study that looks at the presence cancer forming HPV types and early stages of cancer overtime. Ideally enrollment will take place concurrently. An initial screening concerning knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, will be conducted. After which, participants will be assigned to take a swab of their anus prior to or after the clinician collected anal and cervical swabs. Patient performed anal specimen collection will be facilitated with the aid of an illustrated instruction sheet. Participants will then complete a questionnaire that assesses their opinion of the procedures performed. Participants who agree to participate in the prospective study will complete 3 visits over a 9 month period. Both studies will recruit up to 120 patients from three main clinics in San Mateo. We anticipate that self-collected samples will be an acceptable and reasonable screening process for HPV infection and early anal cancer screening in high risk and HIV infected women. Ultimately, if proven successful this process will allow for a large scale screening process in communities with limited use of and access to healthcare and improve our understanding of anal cancer; an often overlooked disease in women.
Development of anion-binding approaches to asymmetric catalysis
Creators: name: Mittal, Nisha
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: The dual catalytic approach in asymmetric catalysis has gained considerable attention in recent times.  Many otherwise inefficient and unattainable chemical processes can be accomplished by this approach.  Outlined within this dissertation are recent efforts in improving the overall efficiency of this process as well as expanding this method involving nucleophilic/anion-binding catalysis to the kinetic resolution of allylic amines and 1,2-diamines.  An efficient catalytic system has been identified through targeted structural modifications of both the achiral nucleophilic catalyst and the chiral anion-binding co-catalyst.  This has resulted in increased selectivities while simultaneously allowing for significantly reduced catalyst loadings.  Based on the mechanistic insight into the anion binding approach for the kinetic resolution of amines, we established that there was a 1:1 catalyst to benzoate anion binding ratio.  Cooperative approaches in which Brønsted acids act in concert with other Brønsted acids or (thio) urea co-catalysts have gained significance.  This study describes the synthesis of a new class of chiral conjugate-base-stabilized Brønsted acid catalysts and a new concept for cooperative hydrogen bonding/ Brønsted acid catalysis.  These chiral Brønsted acids contain a carboxylic acid group which is connected via an appropriate linker to an anion receptor moiety such as a thiourea.  Substrate protonation by the catalyst results in the association of the conjugate base with the anion recognition site, resulting in the formation of a rigid catalyst/substrate ion pair.  We were able to successfully apply this concept to the catalytic enantioselective Povarov and Pictet-Spengler reactions.
Multinuclear MRI of Breast Tumors
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Earlier and more accurate diagnosis, as well as better selection and assessment of treatments could dramatically improve survival of breast cancer. Numerous diagnostic modalities exist, including physical examination, x-ray mammography, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Proton MRI has been demonstrated as a more sensitive method than x-ray mammography, but suffers from limited specificity. Recent technology advances enable diagnostic quality MR images of sodium in vivo. Since sodium levels are significantly elevated in tumors, simultaneous multinuclear MRI, of both protons and sodium, offers a potentially more specific overall imaging modality. The development of multinuclear MRI as a clinical tool for evaluation of breast cancer will require technical developments, thorough characterization of sodium MRI in the breast, and clinical evaluation in patients.

 There are two major hypotheses in the overall research topic. First, we hypothesize that MRI can quantitatively detect differences in sodium concentrations between tumors and normal tissue. This will be tested by the development of new hardware, software and analysis techniques, followed by in vivo imaging in volunteers to characterize normal tissue, and finally by a preliminary study in patients with suspected tumors. We further hypothesize that quantitative sodium MRI will improve the specificity of current breast MRI exams, which will be tested in follow-on research to the proposed project.

 There are three specific aims in this research. First, we will develop new receive coil hardware and pulse sequence software for multinuclear MRI, and new analysis techniques to quantify sodium concentrations. Second, we will characterize MRI relaxation properties of sodium in normal breast tissue. Finally, we will develop a sodium/proton MRI protocol based on these properties and perform a preliminary patient study evaluating the benefits of multinuclear MRI for breast imaging, enabling broader clinical studies in future projects. To accomplish these aims, we will design and build a dual-tuned, bilateral breast coil to receive the MRI signal from both sodium and water at 3T. We will develop new MRI pulse sequences for multinuclear imaging using this coil, including methods to separate macromolecule-bound sodium from free sodium. To measure sodium concentrations in breast tissue which includes diffuse fat, we will combine sodium measurements with quantification of fat using proton MRI. After carefully measuring relaxation parameters of sodium in normal tissue, we will perform a preliminary patient study.

 High quality quantitative sodium and proton imaging could significantly improve the specificity of MRI for detection of breast cancer. These new imaging methods ultimately have the potential to increase survival rates through earlier diagnosis and better treatment management.
Soft materials design via self assembly of functionalized icosahedral particles
Creators: name: Muthukumar, Vidyalakshmi Chockalingam
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: In this work we simulate self assembly of icosahedral building blocks using a coarse  grained model of the icosahedral capsid of virus 1m1c. With significant advancements in  site-directed functionalization of these macromolecules [1], we propose possible  application of such self-assembled materials for drug delivery. While there have been  some reports on organization of viral particles in solution through functionalization,  exploiting this behaviour for obtaining well-ordered stoichiometric structures has not yet  been explored. Our work is in well agreement with the earlier simulation studies of  icosahedral gold nanocrystals, giving chain like patterns [5] and also broadly in  agreement with the wet lab works of Finn, M.G. et. al., who have shown small  predominantly chain-like aggregates with mannose-decorated Cowpea Mosaic Virus  (CPMV) [22] and small two dimensional aggregates with oligonucleotide  functionalization on the CPMV capsid [1].  To quantify the results of our Coarse Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations I  developed analysis routines in MATLAB using which we found the most preferable  nearest neighbour distances (from the radial distribution function (RDF) calculations) for  iii  different lengths of the functional groups and under different implicit solvent conditions,  and the most frequent coordination number for a virus particle (histogram plots further  using the information from RDF).  Visual inspection suggests that our results most likely span the low temperature limits  explored in the works of Finn, M.G. et al., and show a good degree of agreement with the  experimental results in [1] at an annealing temperature of 4˚C. Our work also reveals the  possibility of novel stoichiometric N-mer type aggregates which could be synthesized  using these capsids with appropriate functionalization and solvent conditions.
Engineering EGFR antagonists for breast tumor targeting
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: ErbB receptors are displayed on the exterior surface of many breast tumor cells and transmit molecular signals from the extracellular environment to the inside of the cell. In this way, they mediate normal cell processes and functions, but in breast tumors can trigger aberrant cell growth. This growth regulatory role makes the ErbB receptors attractive targets for therapeutic intervention. In particular, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), an ErbB receptor, has been shown to be present in up to 90% of breast cancer tumors and metastases. The presence of EGFR on the surface of breast tumor cells has been shown to correlate with tumor aggressiveness and poor clinical prognosis. To activate EGFR, specific ligands attach to the extracellular domain of the receptor. Then, the activated EGFR associates with another activated EGFR or ErbB receptor family member, forming a receptor complex. The intracellular regions of these receptors are then responsible for communicating biological signals to the rest of the cell.

 Current antibody-based therapies targeting the extracellular domain of EGFR are limited by high production cost, poor tumor penetration, and unwanted side effects. The goal of this proposal is to develop novel breast tumor-targeting agents that will: (1) bind cell surface EGFR with high affinity, (2) block natural ligand binding, and (3) prevent homo- or heterodimerization of ErbB receptors, consequently inhibiting tumor cell signaling and progression. These novel EGFR antagonists will be created by applying interdisciplinary molecular engineering techniques. Rational design will be used to incorporate portions of natural ligands into alternate polypeptides that possess native receptor binding conformations but cripple receptor-mediated signaling critical for tumor growth. These polypeptides will then be engineered for high EGFR binding affinity through directed evolution using yeast surface display.
Socio-­economic trends of the World Heritage List
Creators: name: Moulder, Lauren
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: As the World Heritage List approaches its 1000th site, the inevitable question is: “What is the future of the List?”  Searching for this answer can only begin through an examination of the trends and data of sites and countries represented on the List. Through 35-years, 190 countries, and 982 sites, the List has consistently been reflective of major political and economic world events, as cultural health is directly related to economic, political, and social health. Countries that have the most stable socio-economic status, or Most-Developed, dominate the list. With this in mind, the World Heritage Committee established the Global Strategy in 1994 to balance the List and expand the World Heritage program around the world. The Asia and Pacific region was highly supported by the initiatives of the World Heritage Centre, including the Local Effort and Preservation program, and the financial support through the Funds-in-Trust of Most-Developed countries.   Whereas many developed countries once endeavored to designate many of their sites on the World Heritage List, now many of these countries are turning away from the inherited problems of listing. The turbulent economic climate in recent years has made economic security and growth a priority for countries. Communities are willing to risk their World Heritage status in order to bring about new development. The first city to lose their World Heritage status over this situation was Dresden, in 2009. Now the United Kingdom has four sites in danger of losing their designation because of development projects.   This thesis aims to examine the changing situations that cause a declining participation in the World Heritage program, and how despite the World Heritage Committee’s best efforts, many developing countries are losing international, national, and local support. Sites in developing countries or small communities may also face local political and social aversion to designation. When these situations are compounded with decreasing financial support, developing countries may also look to sacrifice their place in the program, just as has been becoming the trend for developed countries.
Eptesicus serotinus
Creators: name: Jo, Yeong-Seok
name: Baccus, John T.
name: Koprowski, John L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Eptesicus
Eptesicus serotinus

description: Eptesicus serotinus (Schreber, 1774) —Common Serotine
Ƒespertilio serotinus Schreber, 1774 p.167; Type locality- France.
Eptesicus serotinus pallens Miller, 1911 p.53; Type locality- Kansu, China; Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.157; Won, 1958 p.457; Won, 1967 p.334; Won, 1968 p.115; Corbet, 1978 p.57; Yoon, 1992 p.51; Yoon, 2010 p.71.
E. serotinus: Mori, 1928 p.391; Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.156; Won, 1968 p.115; Corbet, 1978 p.57; Han, 1994 p.45; Won & Smith, 1999 p.12; Son, 2001 p.113; Yoon, 2004 p.82; Yoon, 2010 p.68.
E. brachydigitus Mori, 1928 p.291; Type locality-Pyongyang, Korea.
E. coreensis Kishida in Kishida & Mori, 1931 p.378 (Nomen nudum).
E. serotinus brachydigitus: Ellerman & Morrison-Scott, 1951 p.158; Won, 1958 p.456; Won, 1967 p.332; Won, 1968 p.118; Yoon, 1992 p.51; Yoon, 2010 p.68.
Range: Since its nesting sites are mostly in buildings, the common serotine occurs mostly around villages throughout Korea (Han et al. 2011; Fig. 36).
Remarks: Two subspecies, Eptesicus serotinus pallens Miller, 1911 and Eptesicus serotinus brachydigitus Mori, 1928, were considered to occur in Korea (Won 1968; Yoon 2010). However, whether a geographic barrier separates the two subspecies remains unclear (Won & Smith 1999). Based on mtDNA analyses, Juste et al. (2013) suggested an elevation of the Subspecies E. s. pachyomus to a specific status as E. pachyomus (including E. s. andersoni and E. s. pallens in East Asia). Since Juste et al. (2013) used only one sample from Shanxi, China (not from Korea) as representing E. s. pallens, further studies including Korean samples are required for defining the taxonomy of Korean populations.
description: Published as part of Jo, Yeong-Seok, Baccus, John T. & Koprowski, John L., 2018, Mammals of Korea: a review of their taxonomy, distribution and conservation status, pp. 1-216 in Zootaxa 4522 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2610198
Additional file 3: Figure S3. of Local estrogen axis in the human bone microenvironment regulates estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Amanatullah, Derek
name: Tamaresis, John
name: Chu, Pauline
name: Bachmann, Michael
name: Hoang, Nhat
name: Collyar, Deborah
name: Mayer, Aaron
name: West, Robert
name: Maloney, William
name: Contag, Christopher
name: King, Bonnie
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Estrogen receptor expression and response to estrogen in culture. A Immunohistochemical staining with anti-estrogen receptor antibody detected estrogen receptor expression in MCF-7, but not MDA-MB-231 cells. B When cultured in phenol red-free medium with 5% charcoal-stripped serum, the addition of 100 nM estradiol elicited a proliferative response by the ER+ MCF-7, but not ER- MDA-MB-231 cells. Significantly greater BLI signal was detected after 5 days of culture in the treated vs. control cultures (p = 0.042) as determined by t test (n = 3, error bars represent standard deviation). These results confirm the estrogen-responsiveness of ER+ MCF-7 cells relative to the ER- MDA-MB-231 cells used in our model. (PDF 6849 kb)
Expulsions and receptions
Creators: name: Munem, Bahia
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2014

description: This dissertation examines the resettlement of a group of Palestinian Iraq War refugees in Brazil.  In 200&, Latin America's largest democracy and self-proclaimed racial democracy made what it claimed was a humanitarian overture by resettling 108 Palestinian refugees displaced from Baghdad as a result of the Iraq War. The majority of them had escaped from Baghdad in 2003 and had been living for nearly five years in a makeshift refugee camp on the border of Jordan and Iraq. Utilizing a multi-method approach, this work examines how Brazil, with its long history of Arab migration, incorporates this specific re-diasporized group into the folds of its much-touted racial democracy, an important arm of Brazilian exceptionalism.  In order to address the particularity of Palestinian refugees, and while considering pluralism discourses and other important socio-political dynamics, I engage and extend Edward Said’s framework of Orientalism by analyzing its machinations in Brazil.   To closely assess the particularity of the resettled Palestinian refugees (but also Arabs more generally), I consider how already stereotyped Brazilians construct Palestinians in Brazil through an Orientalist lens.  This Orientalism, I argue, is a product of a Neo-Orientalist glaze. This formulation takes into consideration the racialized and exoticized constructions of Brazilians in order to examine how these essentialist ideas are reconfigured and reproduced to “Orientalize” other others.  In examining the near and distant history of this group, interrogating labor histories and contemporary labor practices, dissecting their incorporation into Brazilian public policies, and interrogating discourses of cultural misrecognitions and problematic Palestinian cultural constructions, I have made significant theoretical interventions and highlighted distinct ways in which members of a minority community are de-subjectified and re-subjectified in the Brazilian context. Moreover, this analysis provides insight into the Brazilian nation-state and the scope and scale of its neoliberal form of statecraft.    Considered together, my dissertation engages and traverses a wide range of literatures, crosses disciplinary boundaries, and contributes to multiple fields of study. At the same time, it illuminates in fine detail the daily lives of a group of refugees whose experiences can help us re-imagine the lives of multiply-displaced persons in other times and places.
Additional file 2: of Declining amenable mortality: a reflection of health care systems?
Creators: name: Gianino, Maria
name: Lenzi, Jacopo
name: Fantini, Maria
name: Ricciardi, Walter
name: Damiani, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Nolte and McKeeâ  s list of causes of death considered amenable to health care. (PDF 24Â kb)
Hillaire, N. (1975). Des images dans la littérature (Modernité) : Quatre études.
Creators: name: .
name: Hillaire, Norbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1975

description: Ces quatre études interrogent la relation entre l'écriture et les images, dans la peinture, dans le décor urbain ou au cinéma, au miroir de quatre textes littéraires qui s'inscrivent dans le paysage de la modernité artistique : Nadja (André Breton); Claude Simon (Orion aveugle); Alain Robbe-Grillet (Glissements progressifs du plaisir); Michel Butor (les Mots dans la Peinture).
Toxoplasma gondii and the central nervous system
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that lives inside the cells of the infected host. Toxoplasma has a worldwide distribution and is able to infect a variety of mammalian animals, including humans. Humans often become infected after eating or drinking food or water contaminated with parasites, and up to a third of the world may be infected with Toxoplasma. An infection with Toxoplasma usually causes no symptoms and is without consequence in most people. Unfortunately, for those who become infected with HIV, a virus that severely weakens the immune system, Toxoplasma becomes a very serious problem. The ability of Toxoplasma to wreak havoc in patients with AIDS is related to its ability to infect people with normal immune systems, and then lie dormant in certain tissues, especially the brain. Once the immune system is sufficiently weak, the parasite becomes active again, leading to severe brain infections. Thus, understanding how Toxoplasma travels from the gastrointestinal tract to the brain and how it is able to remain quietly in the brain- even in a person with a normal immune system- may enable the development of treatments for this dormant stage. Currently, there are no treatments for this dormant stage. My hypothesis is that Toxoplasma has intrinsic properties that allow it to spread to the brain and that it exploits some of the unique properties of the brain to ensure its survival there. I propose studying both the acute and chronic infection by infecting mice with a parasite that can be followed by special imaging techniques. Thus, I can image the mice each day and follow the parasite as it moves from the gastrointestinal tract to the brain, and watch when the infection enters its chronic stage. I will couple this imaging with examining the brains of infected animals at various time points with confocal microscopy, which allows for three dimensional images to be created. I will stain the brains with special stains for brain cells, immune cells, and the parasite and focus on determining how the parasite moves to the brain, what area of the brain it prefers, and if it prefers a specific type of brain cell to live in during the dormant part of its infection. The goal of this proposal is to elucidate both Toxoplasma’s ability to infect the brain and its persistence, which may ultimately lead to eradication of the dormant infection and prevent the severe brain infection seen in AIDS patients.
Arachnotheutes wolfi Schmid-Egger 2017
Creators: name: Gadallah, Neveen S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
name: Brothers, Denis J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Arachnotheutes
Arachnotheutes wolfi

description: Arachnotheutes wolfi Schmid-Egger, 2017
Distribution in the Arabian Peninsula: United Arab Emirates (Schmid-Egger 2017).
Extralimital distribution: No records.
description: Published as part of Gadallah, Neveen S., Schmid-Egger, Christian & Brothers, Denis J., 2020, Biodiversity of the aculeate wasps (Hymenoptera: Aculeata) of the Arabian Peninsula: Vespoidea, Pompilidae, pp. 153-173 in Zootaxa 4754 (1) on page 161, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4754.1.16, http://zenodo.org/record/3719039
Caliris Giglio-Tos 1915
Creators: name: Schwarz, Christian J.
name: Konopik, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Mantodea
Tarachodidae
Caliris

description: Caliris Giglio-Tos, 1915
Arboricolous genus.
Caliris elegans Giglio-Tos, 1915
Distribution. Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo (Giglio-Tos 1915b, 1927, Beier 1942, Ehrmann 2002; AFUW). Bornean records. Sabah: Crocker Range (AFUW), Sorinsim (AFUW), Sandakan (Hebard 1920); Kalimantan: Mahakkam (Werner 1922a).
description: Published as part of Schwarz, Christian J. & Konopik, Oliver, 2014, An annotated checklist of the praYing mantises (Mantodea) of Borneo, including the results of the 2008 scientific expedition to Lanjak Entimau Wildlife SanctuarY, Sarawak, pp. 130-168 in Zootaxa 3797 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3797.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/226038
Des images dans la littérature 4 études, 1975.
Creators: name: .
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1975

description: Ces quatre études interrogent la relation entre l'écriture et les images, dans la peinture, dans le décor urbain ou au cinéma, au miroir de quatre textes littéraires qui s'inscrivent dans le paysage de la modernité artistique : Nadja (André Breton); Claude Simon (Orion aveugle); Alain Robbe-Grillet (Glissements progressifs du plaisir); Michel Butor (les Mots dans la Peinture).
Additional file 1: of What do Australian consumers, pharmacists and prescribers think about documenting indications on prescriptions and dispensed medicines labels?: A qualitative study
Creators: name: Garada, Mona
name: McLachlan, Andrew
name: Schiff, Gordon
name: Lehnbom, Elin
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Semi-structured interview guides. (DOCX 17 kb)
Gildella Giglio-Tos 1927
Creators: name: Schwarz, Christian J.
name: Konopik, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Mantodea
Tarachodidae
Gildella

description: Gildella Giglio-Tos, 1927
= Gilda Giglio-Tos, 1915
Very similar to Caliris, and likewise arboricolous.
Gildella suavis (Giglio-Tos, 1915) §
Gilda suavis Giglio-Tos, 1915)
Distribution. N Borneo (Giglio-Tos 1915b, Hebard 1920, Ehrmann 2002). Sabah: Sandakan (Hebard 1920); Crocker Range (AFUW), Tawau Hills (AFUW), Poring Hot Springs (AFUW).
Remarks. There is also a photographic record from Lambir Hills (Windisch, pers. comm.)
description: Published as part of Schwarz, Christian J. & Konopik, Oliver, 2014, An annotated checklist of the praYing mantises (Mantodea) of Borneo, including the results of the 2008 scientific expedition to Lanjak Entimau Wildlife SanctuarY, Sarawak, pp. 130-168 in Zootaxa 3797 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3797.1.12, http://zenodo.org/record/226038