cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chaotic cyclotron and Hall trajectories due to spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Kirichenko, E. V.
name: Stephanovich, V. A.
name: Sherman, E. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the synergistic effect of a gauge field, Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC), and Zeeman splitting can generate chaotic cyclotron and Hall trajectories of particles. The physical origin of the chaotic behavior is that the SOC produces a spin-dependent (so-called anomalous) contribution to the particle velocity and the presence of Zeeman field reduces the number of integrals of motion. By using analytical and numerical arguments, we study the conditions of chaos emergence and report the dynamics both in the regular and chaotic regimes. {We observe the critical dependence of the dynamic patterns (such as the chaotic regime onset) on small variations in the initial conditions and problem parameters, that is the SOC and/or Zeeman constants. The transition to chaotic regime is further verified by the analysis of phase portraits as well as Lyapunov exponents spectrum.} The considered chaotic behavior can occur in solid state systems, weakly-relativistic plasmas, and cold atomic gases with synthetic gauge fields and spin-related couplings.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Comprehensive calculations of energy levels, radiative transition parameters, hyperfine structure constants A$_J$-B$_J$, Landé g$_J$ factors and isotope shifts for Sc XX
Creators: name: Rathi, Shikha
name: Sharma, Lalita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large scale calculations for the energy levels, transition rates, oscillator strengths, hyperfine interaction constants, Landé g$_J$ factors and isotope shifts have been performed for $1s^2$ and $1snl \: (n=2-8 $ and $l \leq (n-1) )$ levels of He-like scandium, Sc XX. The GRASP2018 package based on the multi-configurational Dirac-Fock method is used to perform these calculations. The leading quantum electrodynamics corrections, Breit interactions and nuclear recoil effects are also included in the succeeding relativistic configuration interaction calculations. The relativistic isotope shift (RIS4) program is used to determine the mass and field shifts factors. A detailed comparison of the present results with the corresponding values from the NIST database and other theoretical work, wherever available, has been done, and an excellent agreement is achieved. A large section of the results is reported for the first time in the present work.
Additional file 1 of Long-term survival of elderly patients after intensive care unit admission for acute respiratory infection: a population-based, propensity score-matched cohort study
Creators: name: Guillon, Antoine
name: Hermetet, Coralie
name: Barker, Kimberly A.
name: Youenn Jouan
name: Gaborit, Christophe
name: Ehrmann, Stephan
name: Manach, Yannick Le
name: Pierre-François Dequin
name: Grammatico-Guillon, Leslie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary information on Methods. ICD-10 diagnosis codes used.
Realizability of Planar Point Embeddings from Angle Measurements
Creators: name: Dümbgen, Frederike
name: Helou, Majed El
name: Scholefield, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Localization of a set of nodes is an important and a thoroughly researched problem in robotics and sensor networks. This paper is concerned with the theory of localization from inner-angle measurements. We focus on the challenging case where no anchor locations are known. Inspired by Euclidean distance matrices, we investigate when a set of inner angles corresponds to a realizable point set. In particular, we find linear and non-linear constraints that are provably necessary, and we conjecture also sufficient for characterizing realizable angle sets. We confirm this in extensive numerical simulations, and we illustrate the use of these constraints for denoising angle measurements along with the reconstruction of a valid point set.
Weaning Off Corn: Crop Residues and the Transition to Cellulosic Ethanol
Creators: name: Malcolm, Scott A.
name: Malcolm, Scott A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Recent legislation has set ambitious targets for cellulosic ethanol to be realized in the not-too-distant future. While corn-based ethanol will continue to be the most important supply, its share—but not the quantity—will diminish over time. How agriculture responds to market and environmental challenges will be in large part governed by the evolution and adoption of cellulosic ethanol production technology. One possible scenario is that development of cellulosic production technology occurs more rapidly than expected, before the establishment of alternative cellulosic feedstocks, enabling crop residues to be used in lieu of corn during the transition to dedicated energy crops. This article examines the market and environmental consequences of shifting biofuel production from corn to cellulosic production technology fed by crop residues. Results show that reducing corn required for ethanol by increasing production of crop residue-based cellulosic ethanol shifts crop production and changes tillage and rotation choice. These changes demonstrate mixed effects on key environmental indicators, with benefits and adverse consequences varying regionally.
Classical simulatability, entanglement breaking, and quantum computation thresholds
Creators: name: Virmani, S.
name: Huelga, Susana F.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the amount of noise required to turn a universal quantum gate set into one that can be efficiently modelled classically. This question is useful for providing upper bounds on fault tolerant thresholds, and for understanding the nature of the quantum/classical computational transition. We refine some previously known upper bounds using two different strategies. The first one involves the introduction of bi-entangling operations, a class of classically simulatable machines that can generate at most bipartite entanglement. Using this class we show that it is possible to sharpen previously obtained upper bounds in certain cases. As an example, we show that under depolarizing noise on the controlled-not gate, the previously known upper bound of 74% can be sharpened to around 67%. Another interesting consequence is that measurement based schemes cannot work using only 2-qubit non-degenerate projections. In the second strand of the work we utilize the Gottesman-Knill theorem on the classically efficient simulation of Clifford group operations. The bounds attained for the pi/8 gate using this approach can be as low as 15% for general single gate noise, and 30% for dephasing noise.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. v2: small typos changed, no change to results
Sustainable design applied to low income communities in developing countries : the example of Pintassilgo Community - Santo Andre, Brazil
Creators: name: De Matos, Claudia Marreco Sardenberg
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The overall goal of this thesis was to explore sustainable design principles and its applicability to low income communities situated in environmentally sensitive areas, focusing on the case of developing countries. Guidelines were established considering typical problems of those communities and than a case study was developed, applying the proposed guidelines to a real case situation at Pintassilgo Community, in Santo Andre, Brazil.
Birth and Evolution of Isolated Radio Pulsars
Creators: name: Faucher-Giguere, C. -A.
name: Kaspi, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the birth and evolution of Galactic isolated radio pulsars. We begin by estimating their birth space velocity distribution from proper motion measurements of Brisken et al. (2002, 2003). We find no evidence for multimodality of the distribution and favor one in which the absolute one-dimensional velocity components are exponentially distributed and with a three-dimensional mean velocity of 380^{+40}_{-60} km s^-1. We then proceed with a Monte Carlo-based population synthesis, modelling the birth properties of the pulsars, their time evolution, and their detection in the Parkes and Swinburne Multibeam surveys. We present a population model that appears generally consistent with the observations. Our results suggest that pulsars are born in the spiral arms, with a Galactocentric radial distribution that is well described by the functional form proposed by Yusifov & Kucuk (2004), in which the pulsar surface density peaks at radius ~3 kpc. The birth spin period distribution extends to several hundred milliseconds, with no evidence of multimodality. Models which assume the radio luminosities of pulsars to be independent of the spin periods and period derivatives are inadequate, as they lead to the detection of too many old simulated pulsars in our simulations. Dithered radio luminosities proportional to the square root of the spin-down luminosity accommodate the observations well and provide a natural mechanism for the pulsars to dim uniformly as they approach the death line, avoiding an observed pile-up on the latter. There is no evidence for significant torque decay (due to magnetic field decay or otherwise) over the lifetime of the pulsars as radio sources (~100 Myr). Finally, we estimate the pulsar birthrate and total number of pulsars in the Galaxy.
description: 27 pages, including 15 figures, accepted by ApJ
On the Fragility of the Basis on the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman Equation in Economic Dynamics
Creators: name: Hosoya, Yuhki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91B62, 35D40

description: In this paper, we provide an example of the optimal growth model in which there exist infinitely many solutions to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation but the value function does not satisfy this equation. We consider the cause of this phenomenon, and find that the lack of a solution to the original problem is crucial. We show that under several conditions, there exists a solution to the original problem if and only if the value function solves the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. Moreover, in this case, the value function is the unique nondecreasing concave solution to the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. We also show that without our conditions, this uniqueness result does not hold.
Expected Changes in Farm Landscape with the Introduction of a Biomass Market
Creators: name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Nalley, Lawton Lanier
name: Vickery, Gina B.
name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Nalley, Lawton Lanier
name: Vickery, Gina B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This study examines how the introduction of dedicated energy crops—switchgrass and forage sorghum—may affect Arkansas’ crop allocation decisions. The study captures crop production practices at the county or crop reporting district level. Results are in a static equilibrium framework and limited to a one-year ahead forecast. The model’s predictive success was evaluated by comparing 2007 model results with no energy crop production to actual acreages harvested. Switchgrass entered land use at approximately $25 and $35/dry ton in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Higher 2008 commodity prices for traditional crops caused lower switchgrass acreage peaks compared to 2007. Further, at higher biomass price levels—$45 to $55/dry ton depending on year and whether or not land charges were applied—the annual energy crop, forage sorghum, surpassed switchgrass acreage primarily as a result of its higher yield. Since acreage supply response is quite elastic, biorefineries will be exposed to significant price risk, especially at higher biomass prices, when the annual energy crop exceeds perennial switchgrass in acreage. Finally, the study examined impacts of biomass production on resource use. Regardless of ownership scenario, in 2007 and 2008, a 13 and 10 percent reduction, respectively, in irrigation water per acre occurred when the price of switchgrass increases from $25 to $65. Labor and fuel use showed no such trends. This is a significant finding, given diminishing water resources for a large portion of the Arkansas crop producing region.
Using $γ$-ray observations of dwarf spheroidal galaxies to test the possible common origin of the W-boson mass anomaly and the GeV $γ$-ray/antiproton excesses
Creators: name: Zhu, Ben-Yang
name: Li, Shang
name: Cheng, Ji-Gui
name: Hu, Xiao-Song
name: Li, Rong-Lan
name: Liang, Yun-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent result from Fermilab suggests that the measured W-boson mass deviates from the prediction of the Standard Model (SM) with a significance of $>7σ$, and there may exist new physics beyond the SM. It is proposed that the inert two Higgs doublet model (i2HDM) can well explain the new W-boson mass. Meanwhile, the lightest neutral scalar $S$ in the i2HDM can be stable and play the role of dark matter with a preferred dark matter mass of $\sim 54-74$ GeV. It is also found that part of the parameter space of this model can explain both the Galactic center GeV gamma-ray excess detected by $Fermi$-LAT and the GeV antiproton excess detected by AMS-02 through a $SS\rightarrow WW^*$ annihilation. In this paper, we aim to test the possible common i2HDM origin of the three anomaly/excesses using the $Fermi$-LAT observations of Milky Way dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies. We perform single and stacking analyses on 19 dSphs that have J-factor measurements. We find that our upper limits are below the favored parameters and seems to be able to exclude the possibility of a common origin of the three anomaly/excesses. However, because the J-factor measurements include relatively large uncertainties, which come from the measurements of stellar kinematics, whether this model could be reliably excluded needs to be further confirmed by future observations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, updated to match the accepted version
Supply-side Policies to Conserve Biodiversity and Save the Orangutan from Oil Palm Expansion: An Economic Assessment
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Swarna Nantha, Hemanath
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Swarna Nantha, Hemanath
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Oil Palm
subject: Borneo
subject: Orangutan
subject: conservation

description: Tropical forests are biodiversity-rich but are dwindling at a rapid rate, not only in Southeast Asia but elsewhere also. The result is a loss of natural ecosystems, a reduction in carbon sequestration, and increasing global extinction of wild species, including iconic species. While several developments contribute to the destruction of tropical forests, the main threat comes from their clearing for the purpose of agricultural production, for example in the Amazon Basin for the expansion of the beef industry and soya bean cultivation. In Borneo and Sumatra, the principal threat to tropical forests comes from the expansion of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) cultivation. This is expected to result in significant biodiversity loss and is a danger to the continuing existence of the iconic orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus). The preferred route for oil palm expansion is by the conversion of lowland tropical forests to plantations. Lowland tropical forests are the prime habitat of the orangutan and this species is especially at risk as a result of oil palm expansion. Two supply-side policies have been suggested in the literature as ways to reduce this expansion and reduce pressure on species such as the orangutan. It has been recommended that Imperata cylindrica grasslands be used to help accommodate future oil palm expansion in Borneo and Sumatra and that emphasis be placed on raising the yield of oil palms. It is hypothesised that this will reduce the demand for clearing tropical forest for the purpose of oil palm expansion. Both of these hypotheses are critically evaluated by means of economic analysis. It is concluded that neither of these policies are likely to be very effective in reducing the clearing of tropical forests in Borneo and Sumatra in order to grow oil palm.
"slha_parameters.tar.gz" of "Search for supersymmetry using final states with one lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector in sqrt{s} = 7 TeV pp"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2011

description: Link to the tables of MSUGRA/CMSSM SHLA parameters (unpack then view index.html)
description: CERN-LHC. Search for SUSY in final states containing one isolated lepton (electron or muon), jets and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The data sample, collected during 2010, has a total integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1. No excess above the standard model is found. This record contains the distributions in missing ET, the transverse mass (MT) between the lepton and the missing transverse momentum vector, and the effective mass defined as the scalar sum of the pT of the three leading jets, the pT of the lepton and the missing ET. Also tabulated are the 95 PCT exclusion limits on m_0 and m_(1/2) for the MSUGRA/CMSSM model.
Toward equilibrium ground state of charge density waves in rare-earth tritellurides
Creators: name: Frolov, A. V.
name: Orlov, A. P.
name: Hadj-Azzem, A.
name: Lejay, P.
name: Sinchenko, A. A.
name: Monceau, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the charge density wave (CDW) ground state below the Peierls transition temperature, $T_{CDW}$, of rare-earth tritellurides is not at its equilibrium value, but depends on the time where the system was kept at a fixed temperature below $T_{CDW}$. This ergodicity breaking is revealed by the increase of the threshold electric field for CDW sliding which depends exponentially on time. We tentatively explain this behavior by the reorganization of the oligomeric (Te$_x$)$^{2-}$ sequence forming the CDW modulation.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted in PRB
"combined_data.tar.gz" of "Search for supersymmetry using final states with one lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector in sqrt{s} = 7 TeV pp"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2011

description: Link to the combined 0 and 1 lepton analysis (unpack then view index.html)
description: CERN-LHC. Search for SUSY in final states containing one isolated lepton (electron or muon), jets and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The data sample, collected during 2010, has a total integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1. No excess above the standard model is found. This record contains the distributions in missing ET, the transverse mass (MT) between the lepton and the missing transverse momentum vector, and the effective mass defined as the scalar sum of the pT of the three leading jets, the pT of the lepton and the missing ET. Also tabulated are the 95 PCT exclusion limits on m_0 and m_(1/2) for the MSUGRA/CMSSM model.
On ergodic theorems for free group actions on noncommutative spaces
Creators: name: Anantharaman-Delaroche, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L53, 46L55, 46L50

description: We extend in a noncommutative setting the individual ergodic theorem of Nevo and Stein concerning measure preserving actions of free groups and averages on spheres $s_{2n}$ of even radius. Here we study state preserving actions of free groups on a von Neumann algebra $A$ and the behaviour of $(s_{2n}(x))$ for $x$ in noncommutative spaces $L^p(A)$. For the Cesàro means $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1} s_k$ and $p = +\infty$, this problem was solved by Walker. Our approach is based on ideas of Bufetov. We prove a noncommutative version of Rota ``Alternierende Verfahren'' theorem. To this end, we introduce specific dilations of the powers of some noncommutative Markov operators.
Additional file 1 of Cardiovascular and diabetes burden attributable to physical inactivity in Mexico
Creators: name: Medina, Catalina
name: Coxson, Pamela
name: Penko, Joanne
name: Janssen, Ian
name: Bautista-Arredondo, Sergio
name: Simón Barquera
name: Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary information for the Cardiovascular Disease Policy Model – Mexico (structure, calibration, inputs and framework).
Estimating North Dakota's Economic Base
Creators: name: Coon, Randal C.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Coon, Randal C.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: economic base
subject: sales for final demand
subject: input-output model
subject: personal income

description: North Dakota’s economic base is comprised of those activities producing a product paid for by nonresidents, or products exported from the state. North Dakota’s economic base activities include agriculture, mining, manufacturing, tourism, and federal government payments for construction and to individuals. Development of the North Dakota economic base data is important because it provides the information to quantify the state’s economic growth, and it creates the final demand sectors for the North Dakota Input-Output Model. This report provides a brief description of the methodology used to estimate each individual sector and the associated data sources. Sales for final demand have been estimated for the 1958-2007 period. Personal income generated by the North Dakota Input-Output Model can be compared to Bureau of Economic Analysis values to validate the model. For the 50-year period the state’s economic base has been estimated, the absolute average difference from Bureau of Economic Analysis personal income was 7.19 percent.
Parameter-Efficient Person Re-identification in the 3D Space
Creators: name: Zheng, Zhedong
name: Zheng, Nenggan
name: Yang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: People live in a 3D world. However, existing works on person re-identification (re-id) mostly consider the semantic representation learning in a 2D space, intrinsically limiting the understanding of people. In this work, we address this limitation by exploring the prior knowledge of the 3D body structure. Specifically, we project 2D images to a 3D space and introduce a novel parameter-efficient Omni-scale Graph Network (OG-Net) to learn the pedestrian representation directly from 3D point clouds. OG-Net effectively exploits the local information provided by sparse 3D points and takes advantage of the structure and appearance information in a coherent manner. With the help of 3D geometry information, we can learn a new type of deep re-id feature free from noisy variants, such as scale and viewpoint. To our knowledge, we are among the first attempts to conduct person re-identification in the 3D space. We demonstrate through extensive experiments that the proposed method (1) eases the matching difficulty in the traditional 2D space, (2) exploits the complementary information of 2D appearance and 3D structure, (3) achieves competitive results with limited parameters on four large-scale person re-id datasets, and (4) has good scalability to unseen datasets. Our code, models and generated 3D human data are publicly available at https://github.com/layumi/person-reid-3d .
description: The code is available at https://github.com/layumi/person-reid-3d
High-Frequency Tunable Grounded & Floating Incremental-Decremental Meminductor Emulator and Application
Creators: name: Shukla, Garima
name: Kumar, Pratik
name: Paul, Sajal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes a new design for realizing grounded and floating meminductor emulators built with two operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) and two second-generation current conveyors. The proposed grounded and floating emulators claim that the circuits are much simpler in design and can be utilized in incremental and decremental topologies. The proposed circuits' performance has been verified with Cadence Virtuoso Spectre using standard CMOS 180nm technology. Furthermore, the layout of the proposed circuits has been designed, and post-layout simulations have been performed. The non-ideal and Monte Carlo analyses have been carried out in detail. This paper also proposes the application of a meminductor as an Amplitude Modulator (AM). Moreover, the experimental results are presented to verify the theoretical and simulation analyses of proposed meminductor emulator circuits.
description: 48 Pages, 22 Figures
What Do We Really Know About Cosmic Acceleration?
Creators: name: Shapiro, Charles
name: Turner, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Essentially all of our knowledge of the acceleration history of the Universe - including the acceleration itself - is predicated upon the validity of general relativity. Without recourse to this assumption, we use SNeIa to analyze the expansion history and find (i) very strong (5 sigma) evidence for a period of acceleration, (ii) strong evidence that the acceleration has not been constant, (iii) evidence for an earlier period of deceleration and (iv) only weak evidence that the Universe has not been decelerating since z~0.3.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
2009 Outlook of the U.S. and World Sugar Markets, 2008-2018
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: sugar
subject: production
subject: exports
subject: consumption
subject: ending stocks

description: This report evaluates the U.S. and world sugar markets for 2008-2018 using the Global Sugar Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, population growth, weather conditions, and technological changes. Both the U.S. and world sugar economies are predicted to remain stable over the next ten years in spite of the 2007-08 surge in world oil prices. That increase in price caused an increase in the conversion of sugar into ethanol in Brazil, while other exporting countries increased their production in response to those higher prices. Sugar prices returned to normal levels in 2008. World demand for sugar is expected to grow at a similar rate to world supply, resulting in Carribean sugar prices remaining near the 13.0 -14.0 cents/lb range throughout the forecast period. The U.S. wholesale price of sugar is projected to decrease slightly from 28.60 cents/lb in 2008 to 28.40 cents/lb in 2018, if Brazil continues to convert sugar into ethanol. It is projected that Mexico will be able to export 119 thousand metric tons of sugar to the United States by 2018. World trade volumes of sugar are expected to increase throughout the forecast period.
"slha_parameters.tar.gz" of "Search for squarks and gluinos using final states with jets and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV proton-proton collisions"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2011

description: Link to the tables of MSUGRA/CMSSM SHLA parameters (unpack then view index.html)
description: CERN-LHC. Study of events having final states with no leptons, jets and missing transverse momentum, and with no reconstructed electrons or muons, in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. Data are selected with various cuts and criteria to enhance different physics regions as described in the text of the paper. Exclusion limits on gluino and squark masses in SUSY models are presented for a simplified model (described in the paper) together with limits on m_0 and m_1/2 in MSUGRA/CMSSM models. The data sample has a total integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1 and shows no excess above the Standard Model background.
Pressure-induced Shape-shifting of Helical Bacteria
Creators: name: Pastrana, Cesar L.
name: Qiu, Luyi
name: Armon, Shahaf
name: Gerland, Ulrich
name: Amir, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many bacterial species are helical in form, including the widespread pathogen H. pylori. Motivated by recent experiments on H. pylori showing that cell wall synthesis is not uniform, we investigate the possible formation of helical cell shape induced by elastic heterogeneity. We show, experimentally and theoretically, that helical morphogenesis can be produced by pressurizing an elastic cylindrical vessel with helical reinforced lines. The properties of the pressurized helix are highly dependent on the initial helical angle of the reinforced region. We find that steep angles result in crooked helices with, surprisingly, reduced end-to-end distance upon pressurization. This work helps to explain the possible mechanisms for the generation of helical cell morphologies and may inspire the design of novel pressure-controlled helical actuators.
Additional file 1 of Systematic review of the effect of training interventions on the skills of health professionals in promoting health behaviour, with meta-analysis of subsequent effects on patient health behaviours
Creators: name: Hatfield, Thomas G.
name: Withers, Thomas M.
name: Greaves, Colin J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Example of the search strategy for Medline (Ovid).
2009 Outlook of the U.S. and World Wheat Industries, 2008-2018
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: common wheat
subject: durum wheat
subject: production
subject: exports
subject: consumption
subject: ending stocks

description: This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2008-2018 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change. Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to remain relatively healthy for the next ten years. World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to remain strong. The price levels in 2007 and 2008 will not be maintained in 2009 and future because increased wheat and corn production in 2008 and reduced demand for corn for ethanol production will lower demand and increase supply. World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of common wheat may grow faster than that of durum wheat.
"combined_data.tar.gz" of "Search for squarks and gluinos using final states with jets and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector in sqrt(s) = 7 TeV proton-proton collisions"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2011

description: Link to the combined 0 and 1 lepton analysis (unpack then view index.html)
description: CERN-LHC. Study of events having final states with no leptons, jets and missing transverse momentum, and with no reconstructed electrons or muons, in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. Data are selected with various cuts and criteria to enhance different physics regions as described in the text of the paper. Exclusion limits on gluino and squark masses in SUSY models are presented for a simplified model (described in the paper) together with limits on m_0 and m_1/2 in MSUGRA/CMSSM models. The data sample has a total integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1 and shows no excess above the Standard Model background.
A microscopic derivation of Gibbs measures for the 1D focusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Rout, Andrew
name: Sohinger, Vedran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 81V70, 60G60, 82B10, 35Q40

description: In this paper, we give a microscopic derivation of Gibbs measures for the focusing cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation on the one-dimensional torus from many-body quantum Gibbs states. Since we are not making any positivity assumptions on the interaction, it is necessary to introduce a truncation of the mass in the classical setting and of the rescaled particle number in the quantum setting. Our methods are based on a perturbative expansion of the interaction, similarly as in previous work of Fröhlich, Knowles, Schlein, and the second author. Due to the presence of the truncation, the obtained series have infinite radius of convergence. We treat the case of bounded, integrable, and delta function interaction potentials, without any sign assumptions. Within this framework, we also study time-dependent correlation functions. This is the first such known result in the focusing regime.
description: 45 pages
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: September 2018 Nebraska 02 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); opinion of various public figures (2); Nebraska Congressional District 02 (1); Democratic Candidate Kara Eastman (1); Republican Candidate Don Bacon (1); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); support/oppose various political positions (3); pre-existing condition (1).
Extended molt phenology models improve inferences about molt duration and timing
Creators: name: Boersch-Supan, Philipp H.
name: Hanmer, Hugh J.
name: Robinson, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Molt is an essential life-history event in birds and many mammals, as maintenance of feathers and fur is critical for survival. Despite this molt remains an understudied life-history event. Non-standard statistical techniques are required to estimate the phenology of molt from observations of plumage or pelage state, and existing molt phenology models have strict sampling requirements which can be difficult to meet under real-world conditions. We present an extended modelling framework that can accommodate features of real-world molt datasets, such re-encounters of individuals, misclassified molt states, and/or molt state-dependent sampling bias.
 We demonstrate that such features can lead to biased inferences when using existing molt phenology models, and show that our model extensions can improve inferences about molt phenology under a wide range of sampling conditions. We hope that our novel modelling framework removes barriers for modelling molt phenology data from realworld datasets and thereby further facilitates the uptake of appropriate statistical methods for such data. Although we focus on molt, the modelling framework is applicable to other phenological processes which can be recorded using either ordered categories or approximately linear progress scores.
description: 44 pages, 15 figures
Multi-Agent Safe Planning with Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Zhu, Zheqing
name: Bıyık, Erdem
name: Sadigh, Dorsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-agent safe systems have become an increasingly important area of study as we can now easily have multiple AI-powered systems operating together. In such settings, we need to ensure the safety of not only each individual agent, but also the overall system. In this paper, we introduce a novel multi-agent safe learning algorithm that enables decentralized safe navigation when there are multiple different agents in the environment. This algorithm makes mild assumptions about other agents and is trained in a decentralized fashion, i.e. with very little prior knowledge about other agents' policies. Experiments show our algorithm performs well with the robots running other algorithms when optimizing various objectives.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Published at IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 2020
Grain Contracting Strategies: The Case of Durum Wheat
Creators: name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: One of the impacts of higher prices along with greater volatility in futures, basis and spreads is that there is pressure for greater use of cash contracts for grain. There is a wide array of cash contracts with varying terms that pose major strategic alternatives for buyers and the marketing system, particularly as buyers seek to use contracting as an element of risk mitigation. Durum is a crop where many of these issues and challenges are apparent. Durum is more risky than competing crops with greater price, yield and quality risk. And in contrast to competing crops, futures do not exist, cross hedging is poor and forward contracting has been used minimally. There are three purposes of this article: Provide a survey of contract terms used in grain contracting with growers, illustrate some issues in contracting of some of the specialty grains (durum) in the upper Midwest, and develop a model to analyze alternative contracting strategies in the case of durum. We introduce alternative pricing features, and explore other alternatives and analyze them in terms of risk and return to growers.
Dynamics of a surfactant-laden bubble bursting through an interface
Creators: name: Constante-Amores, C. R.
name: Kahouadji, L.
name: Batchvarov, A.
name: Shin, S.
name: Chergui, J.
name: Juric, D.
name: Matar, O. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of surfactant on the dynamics of a bubble bursting through an interface. We perform fully three-dimensional direct numerical simulations using a hybrid interface-tracking/level-set method accounting for surfactant-induced Marangoni stresses, sorption kinetics, and diffusive effects. We select an initial bubble shape corresponding to a large Laplace number and a vanishingly small Bond number in order to neglect gravity, and isolate the effects of surfactant on the flow. Our results demonstrate that the presence of surfactant affects the dynamics of the system through Marangoni-induced flow, driving motion from high to low concentration regions, which is responsible for the onset of a recirculation zone close to the free surface. These Marangoni stresses rigidify the interface, delay the cavity collapse, and influence the jet breakup process.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Systematic review of the effect of training interventions on the skills of health professionals in promoting health behaviour, with meta-analysis of subsequent effects on patient health behaviours
Creators: name: Hatfield, Thomas G.
name: Withers, Thomas M.
name: Greaves, Colin J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Study characteristics.
Explaining Neural Networks without Access to Training Data
Creators: name: Marton, Sascha
name: Lüdtke, Stefan
name: Bartelt, Christian
name: Tschalzev, Andrej
name: Stuckenschmidt, Heiner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider generating explanations for neural networks in cases where the network's training data is not accessible, for instance due to privacy or safety issues. Recently, $\mathcal{I}$-Nets have been proposed as a sample-free approach to post-hoc, global model interpretability that does not require access to training data. They formulate interpretation as a machine learning task that maps network representations (parameters) to a representation of an interpretable function. In this paper, we extend the $\mathcal{I}$-Net framework to the cases of standard and soft decision trees as surrogate models. We propose a suitable decision tree representation and design of the corresponding $\mathcal{I}$-Net output layers. Furthermore, we make $\mathcal{I}$-Nets applicable to real-world tasks by considering more realistic distributions when generating the $\mathcal{I}$-Net's training data. We empirically evaluate our approach against traditional global, post-hoc interpretability approaches and show that it achieves superior results when the training data is not accessible.
Grain Contracting Strategies: The Case of Durum Wheat (Summary)
Creators: name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
name: Wilson, William W.
name: Dahl, Bruce L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: One of the impacts of higher prices along with greater volatility in futures, basis and spreads is that there is pressure for greater use of cash contracts for grain. Indeed there has been growth in contracting for a number of competing crops in recent years. There is a wide array of cash contracts with varying terms that pose major strategic alternatives for buyers and the marketing system, particularly as buyers seek to use contracting as an element of risk mitigation. Durum is a crop where many of these issues and challenges are apparent. Durum is more risky than competing crops. There is greater price and yield risk as well as quality risk, and in contrast to competing crops, futures do not exist, cross hedging is poor and forward contracting has been used minimally. There are three purposes of this paper : First, we provide a survey of contract terms used in grain contracting with growers. Second, we illustrate some issues in contracting of some of the specialty grains (durum) in the upper Midwest. Finally, we develop a model to analyze alternative contracting strategies in the case of durum. We introduce alternative pricing features, as well as explore other alternatives and analyze them in terms of risk and return to growers.
Market Structure Conduct Performance Hypothesis Revisited Using Stochastic Frontier Efficiency Analysis
Creators: name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Edwards, Seanicaa
name: Harris, James
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Edwards, Seanicaa
name: Harris, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Stochastic frontier analysis, which is used to estimate the technical efficiency, is extended to examine the market structure, conduct and performance hypothesis for the U.S. trucking industry. The technical efficiency measure takes into account not only the relationship between inputs used in the production of output but also simultaneously examine the importance of market structure conduct factors on the performance of the firm. An empirical application to U.S. trucking carriers over the period 1994-2003 is examined. Results reveal that the variables average haul, average load, debt-to-equity and market concentration significantly affected technical efficiency. Capital, fixed and variable input variables were significant in the production function equation.
Measurement of one-dimensional matter-wave quantum breather
Creators: name: Staroń, Piotr
name: Syrwid, Andrzej
name: Sacha, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing the Bethe ansatz approach and numerical simulations of measurements of particles' positions we investigate a post-quench many-body dynamics of attractively interacting bosons on a ring, which in the mean-field approach corresponds to the so-called breather solution. Despite the fact that the initial many-body ground state is translationally invariant, the measurements reveal breather dynamics if quantum fluctuations of the center of mass of the system are extracted. Moreover, the analysis of the many-body evolution shows signatures of dissociation of the solitons that form the breather.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures accepted for publication in Physical Review A