cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Disorder-dependent slopes of the upper critical field in nodal and nodeless superconductors
Creators: name: Kogan, V. G.
name: Prozorov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the slopes of the upper critical field $\partial_{T}H_{c2}|_{T_{c}}\equiv\partial H_{_{c2}}/\partial T$ at $T_{c}$ in anisotropic superconductors with transport (non-magnetic) scattering employing the Ginzburg-Landau theory, developed for this situation by S. Pokrovsky and V. Pokrovsky, Phys. Rev. B 54, 13275 (1996). We found unexpected behavior of the slopes for a $d-$wave superconductor and in a more general case of materials with line nodes in the order parameter. Specifically, the presence of line nodes causes $\partial_{T}H_{c2}|_{T_{c}}$ to decrease with increasing non-magnetic scattering parameter $P$, unlike the nodeless case where the slope increases. In a pure $d-$wave case, the slope $\partial H_{c2}|_{T_{c}}$ changes from decreasing to increasing when scattering parameter approaches $P\approx0.91\,P_{\rm crit}$, where $P_{\rm crit}\approx0.2807$ at which $T_{c}\to0$ that implies the the existence of a gapless state in $d-$wave superconductors with transport scattering in the interval, $0.91\,P_{\rm {crit}}
Theory of the Simultaneous Transient Dispersive Readout of Multiple Spin Qubits
Creators: name: Ginzel, Florian
name: Burkard, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a paradigm of multiplexed dispersive qubit measurement performed while the qubits dephase. A Laplace transformation of the time-dependent cavity response allows to separate contributions from multiple qubits coupled to the same resonator mode, thus allowing for simultaneous single-shot read out. With realistic parameters for silicon spin qubits we find a competitive readout fidelity, while the measurement time compares favourably to conventional dispersive readout. We extend the multiplexed readout method to quantum non-demolition measurements using auxiliary qubits.
Rúbrica para Evaluar Manuscritos Científicos
Creators: name: Ventura-León, José
name: Mamani-Benito, Oscar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 390402
subject: Education assessment and evaluation

description: Esta es la rubrica que se elaboró como parte de la investigación Diseño y validación de una rúbrica analítica para evaluar manuscritos científicos.  
La Rúbrica para Evaluar Manuscritos Científicos se encuentra bajo una licencia Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC 4.0).
Slope of the upper critical field at $T_{c}$ in two-band superconductors with non-magnetic disorder: $s_{++}$ superconductivity in $\textrm{Ba}_{1-x}\textrm{K}_{x}\textrm{Fe}_{2}\textrm{As}_{2}$
Creators: name: Prozorov, R.
name: Kogan, V. G.
name: Konczykowski, M.
name: Tanatar, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent theory of the disorder-dependent slope of the upper critical field, $H_{c2}$, at the superconducting transition temperature, $T_{c}$, is extended to multiband superconductors aiming at iron-based superconductors, considering two constant gaps of different magnitude and, potentially, different signs. The result shows that there is only a narrow domain inside the $s_{\pm}$ pairing state where the slope increases with the increase of transport (non-magnetic) scattering rate, $P$. In most phase space, the slope should decrease in an $s_{\pm}$ state and increase in the $s_{++}$ pairing state. The experiment shows that in an archetypal iron-based superconductor, $\textrm{Ba}_{1-x}\textrm{K}_{x}\textrm{Fe}_{2}\textrm{As}_{2}$ (BaK122), non-magnetic disorder induced by electron irradiation increases the slope $S$ across the superconducting ``dome,'' at different $x$. This implies that $\textrm{Ba}_{1-x}\textrm{K}_{x}\textrm{Fe}_{2}\textrm{As}_{2}$ is likely an $s_{++}$ superconductor with two (or more) gaps of different magnitudes. This work reopens a decade-long discussion of the nature of the superconducting order parameter in iron pnictides.
description: v2 updated with the new data (Fig.10)
CPT-Odd effects on the electromagnetic properties of charged leptons in the Standard Model Extension
Creators: name: Hurtado-Silva, J. S.
name: Toscano, J. J.
name: Vázquez-Hernández, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of the CPT-Odd electroweak gauge sector of the Standard Model Extension on the electromagnetic properties of charged leptons is studied. This gauge sector is characterized by the $(k_1)_μ$ and $(k_2)_μ$ Lorentz violation (LV) coefficients, which have positive mass dimension because they are associated with a $U_Y(1)$-invariant and with an $SU_L(2)$-invariant dimension-three operators, respectively. We present a comprehensive study on the impact of this sector on the magnetic dipole moment (MDM) and the electric dipole moment (EDM) of charged leptons, up to second order in these LV coefficients, both at the tree and one-loop levels.The contributions of $O(k_i)$ to the MDM are found to be suppressed relative to the corresponding contributions to the EDM by approximately three orders of magnitude. Using a recent experimental limit on the electron EDM the $|(k_2)_0-|\mathbf{k_2}|\cosθ_γ|<0.86\, m_e$ bound was obtained. As far as the contributions of $O(k^2_i)$ are concerned, we find that the tree-level contributions are suppressed with respect to the one-loop ones by at least a factor of $\left(m^2_l/m^2_Z\right)$. We find that the contribution to the electron MDM is by far the dominant one, as it can be up to four and seven orders of magnitude greater than those of the muon and tau, respectively. The Lorentz coefficient $(k_{AF})_μ$ of the Carroll-Field-Jackiw's QED is given by a linear combination of $(k_1)_μ$ and $(k_2)_μ$. Assuming that $|k^2_1|, |k^2_2|\gg |k^2_{AF}|$ and taking $(k_{AF})_μ=0$, which implies that $(k_1)_μ$ and $(k_2)_μ$ are collinear, we obtain an upper bound of $\left|\frac{ k^2_2}{m^2_e} \right|<4.36\times 10^{-10}$. The fact that $k^2_2$ is an observer Lorentz invariant allows us to introduce a new-physics scale through $\sqrt{k^2_2}=Λ_{CPT}$, for which we obtain the upper limit $Λ_{CPT}< 2.08 \times 10^{-5}\, m_e$.
description: 39 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Hitchhiker's Guide to Super-Resolution: Introduction and Recent Advances
Creators: name: Moser, Brian
name: Raue, Federico
name: Frolov, Stanislav
name: Hees, Jörn
name: Palacio, Sebastian
name: Dengel, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the advent of Deep Learning (DL), Super-Resolution (SR) has also become a thriving research area. However, despite promising results, the field still faces challenges that require further research e.g., allowing flexible upsampling, more effective loss functions, and better evaluation metrics. We review the domain of SR in light of recent advances, and examine state-of-the-art models such as diffusion (DDPM) and transformer-based SR models. We present a critical discussion on contemporary strategies used in SR, and identify promising yet unexplored research directions. We complement previous surveys by incorporating the latest developments in the field such as uncertainty-driven losses, wavelet networks, neural architecture search, novel normalization methods, and the latests evaluation techniques. We also include several visualizations for the models and methods throughout each chapter in order to facilitate a global understanding of the trends in the field. This review is ultimately aimed at helping researchers to push the boundaries of DL applied to SR.
description: accepted by IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 2023
The Effect of Noise on the Emergence of Continuous Norms and its Evolutionary Dynamics
Creators: name: Anagnou, Stavros
name: Polani, Daniel
name: Salge, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We examine the effect of noise on societies of agents using an agent-based model of evolutionary norm emergence. Generally, we see that noisy societies are more selfish, smaller and discontent, and are caught in rounds of perpetual punishment preventing them from flourishing. Surprisingly, despite the effect of noise on the population, it does not seem to evolve away. We carry out further analysis and provide reasons for why this may be the case. Furthermore, we claim that our framework that evolves the noise/ambiguity of norms may be a new way to model the tight/loose framework of norms, suggesting that despite ambiguous norms detrimental effect on society, evolution does not favour clarity.
description: Accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the Artificial Life Conference 2023 (ALIFE 2023), MIT Press
Reliable computation by large-alphabet formulas in the presence of noise
Creators: name: Tan, Andrew K.
name: Ho, Matthew
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present two new positive results for reliable computation using formulas over physical alphabets of size $q > 2$. First, we show that for logical alphabets of size $\ell = q$ the threshold for denoising using gates subject to $q$-ary symmetric noise with error probability $\varepsilon$ is strictly larger than that for Boolean computation, and is possible as long as signals remain distinguishable, i.e. $ε< (q - 1) / q$, in the limit of large fan-in $k \rightarrow \infty$. We also determine the point at which generalized majority gates with bounded fan-in fail, and show in particular that reliable computation is possible for $ε< (q - 1) / (q (q + 1))$ in the case of $q$ prime and fan-in $k = 3$. Secondly, we provide an example where $\ell < q$, showing that reliable Boolean computation can be performed using $2$-input ternary logic gates subject to symmetric ternary noise of strength $\varepsilon < 1/6$ by using the additional alphabet element for error signaling.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
From Traditional Public Administration To Digital Hybrid Public Administration
Creators: name: Şen, Alper Tunga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: When the process from past to present is examined, it can be seen that digitalization and technology are increasingly making themselves felt in daily life. This digitalization and technology not only causes many innovations in every field, but also causes many changes in the field of public administration. On the other hand, with the effects of this change, public administration is increasingly gaining a hybrid structure. Many different studies argue that the digital public management approach and the hybrid public management approach are different from each other. The purpose of this study is to reveal that the hybrid structure of today's public administration approach is actually realized together with digitalization. In addition, it is emphasized that today's public administration approach should actually be called a digital hybrid public administration approach. The study was carried out by the literature review method, and the works of many local and foreign scientists were examined. As a result, it is understood that today's public administration approach should be described as digital hybrid public administration. It is also important as it is a study that can be expanded with field research in the future.
Dynamical Maps for Accelerating Detectors
Creators: name: Jose, Shalin
name: Shaji, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the open quantum dynamics of a two-level particle detector that starts accelerating through Minkowski vacuum weakly coupled to a massless scalar field. We consider a detector with non-zero size and study its time evolution for the case where it is initially in inertial motion and subsequently a constant acceleration is switched on for a finite time. We study the dynamical maps that describe the evolution of such a system and show that the dynamics is not completely positive (NCP). The inertial motion prior to the acceleration can entangle the detector and field leading to the NCP dynamics. We examine the nature of the open dynamics during the accelerated phase as a function of the duration of prior inertial motion and the magnitude of the acceleration.
description: 12 pages,5 figures
title: The Board of Strategy and Union Military Planning for Sea Operations Against the Southern Confederacy
Creators: name: Novotny, Samuel
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1978

description:
The subject of this paper is a Union "Board of Strategy" convened by the Secretary of the Navy, Gideon Welles, in June of IS61 to examine all matters pertaining to the naval blockade of the Confederacy. The idea for the board originated with Alexander Dallas Bache, Superintendent of the Coast Survey; in addition to him, the board consisted of Major John Gross Bernard of the Army and Captain Samuel Francis Du Pont and Commander Charles Henry Davis of the Navy.

The board during its three months existence developed a comprehensive plan for the conduct of the blockade of the Confederacy and provided suggestions for amphibious operations against the Confederate coastline. Its work influenced General George B. McClellan to lead his army in an amphibious operation via the Virginia peninsula towards the capture of Richmond.

The board's recommendations resulted in some of the earliest Union victories, but unfortunately historians had made little mention of its work.
Quasi-crystalline order in vibrated granular matter
Creators: name: Plati, Andrea
name: Maire, Raphael
name: Fayen, Etienne
name: Boulogne, Francois
name: Restagno, Frederic
name: Smallenburg, Frank
name: Foffi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-crystals are aperiodic structures that present crystallographic properties which are not compatible with that of a single unit cell. Their revolutionary discovery in a metallic alloy, less than three decades ago, has required a full reconsideration of what we defined as a crystal structure. Surprisingly, quasi-crystalline structures have been discovered also at much larger length scales in different microscopic systems for which the size of elementary building blocks ranges between the nanometric to the micrometric scale. Here, we report the first experimental observation of spontaneous quasi-crystal self-assembly at the millimetric scale. This result is obtained in a fully athermal system of macroscopic spherical grains vibrated on a substrate. Starting from a liquid-like disordered phase, the grains begin to locally arrange into three types of squared and triangular tiles that eventually align, forming 8-fold symmetric quasi-crystal that has been predicted in simulation but not yet observed experimentally in non-atomic systems. These results are not only the proof of a novel route to spontaneously assemble quasi-crystals but are of fundamental interest for the connection between equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical physics.
description: 4 Pages, 3 Figures
ROMA: Run-Time Object Detection To Maximize Real-Time Accuracy
Creators: name: Lee, JunKyu
name: Varghese, Blesson
name: Vandierendonck, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper analyzes the effects of dynamically varying video contents and detection latency on the real-time detection accuracy of a detector and proposes a new run-time accuracy variation model, ROMA, based on the findings from the analysis. ROMA is designed to select an optimal detector out of a set of detectors in real time without label information to maximize real-time object detection accuracy. ROMA utilizing four YOLOv4 detectors on an NVIDIA Jetson Nano shows real-time accuracy improvements by 4 to 37% for a scenario of dynamically varying video contents and detection latency consisting of MOT17Det and MOT20Det datasets, compared to individual YOLOv4 detectors and two state-of-the-art runtime techniques.
description: Accepted at the IEEE/CVF Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) 2023
Outlook for detecting the gravitational wave displacement and spin memory effects with current and future gravitational wave detectors
Creators: name: Grant, Alexander M.
name: Nichols, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave memory effects arise from non-oscillatory components of gravitational wave signals, and they are predictions of general relativity in the nonlinear regime that have close connections to the asymptotic properties of isolated gravitating systems. There are many types of memory effects that have been studied in the literature. In this paper we focus on the "displacement" and "spin" memories, which are expected to be the largest of these effects from sources such as the binary black hole mergers which have already been detected by LIGO and Virgo. The displacement memory is a change in the relative separation of two initially comoving observers due to a burst of gravitational waves, whereas the spin memory is a portion of the change in relative separation of observers with initial relative velocity. As both of these effects are small, LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA can only detect memory effects from individual events that are much louder (and thus rarer) than those that have been detected so far. By combining data from multiple events, however, these effects could be detected in a population of binary mergers. In this paper, we present new forecasts for how long current and future detectors will need to operate in order to measure these effects from populations of binary black hole systems that are consistent with the populations inferred from the detections from LIGO and Virgo's first three observing runs. We find that a second-generation detector network of LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA operating at the O4 ("design") sensitivity for 1.5 years and then operating at the O5 ("plus") sensitivity for an additional year can detect the displacement memory. For Cosmic Explorer, we find that displacement memory could be detected for individual loud events, and that the spin memory could be detected in a population within 2 years of observation time.
description: 18+7 pages, 8 figures; v2: fixed typos and errors and re-ran analysis (results unchanged), matches published version; v3: incorporates errata (results changed, now more optimistic); v4: fixed typesetting issue
The nature of time and motion in relativistic operational reality
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: de Bianchi, Massimiliano Sassoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the construction of spacetime is personal, specific to each observer, and requires combining aspects of both discovery and creation. What is usually referred to as the block universe then emerges by noting that part of the future is contained in the present, but without the limitations that the four-dimensional block universe usually implies, of a reality in which change would be impossible. In our operational approach, reality remains dynamic, with free choice playing a central role in its conceptualization. We therefore claim that Einstein's relativity revolution has not been fully realized, since most physicists do not seem to be open to the idea that objects move not only in space, but also and especially in time, and more generally in spacetime, with their rest mass being a measure of their kinetic time energy. When relativistic motion is revisited as a genuine four-dimensional motion, it becomes possible to reinterpret the parameter c associated with the coordinate speed of light, which becomes the magnitude of the four-velocity of all material entities. We also observe that the four-dimensional motion in Minkowski space can be better understood if placed in the broader perspective of quantum mechanics, if non-locality is interpreted as non-spatiality, thus indicating the existence of an underlying non-spatial reality, the nature of which could be conceptual, consistent with the conceptuality interpretation of quantum mechanics. This hypothesis is reinforced by noting that when observers, or experiencers, as they will be referred to in this article, are described by acknowledging their cognitive nature, of entities moving in a semantic space, Minkowski metric emerges in a natural way.
description: 20 pages
Microwave hinge states in a simple-cubic-lattice photonic crystal insulator
Creators: name: Takahashi, Shun
name: Ashida, Yuya
name: Phan, Huyen Thanh
name: Yamashita, Kenichi
name: Ueda, Tetsuya
name: Wakabayashi, Katsunori
name: Iwamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically and experimentally demonstrated a higher-order topological state in a three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystal (PhC) with a complete photonic bandgap. Two types of cubic lattices were designed with different topological invariants, which were theoretically and numerically confirmed by the finite difference of their Zak phases. Topological boundary states in the two-dimensional interfaces and hinge states in the one-dimensional corners were formed according to the higher-order of bulk-boundary correspondence. Microwave measurements of the fabricated 3D PhC containing two boundaries and one corner showed a localized intensity, which confirmed the boundary and hinge states.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Atlas-Based Interpretable Age Prediction In Whole-Body MR Images
Creators: name: Starck, Sophie
name: Kini, Yadunandan Vivekanand
name: Ritter, Jessica Johanna Maria
name: Braren, Rickmer
name: Rueckert, Daniel
name: Mueller, Tamara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Age prediction is an important part of medical assessments and research. It can aid in detecting diseases as well as abnormal ageing by highlighting potential discrepancies between chronological and biological age. To improve understanding of age-related changes in various body parts, we investigate the ageing of the human body on a large scale by using whole-body 3D images. We utilise the Grad-CAM method to determine the body areas most predictive of a person's age. In order to expand our analysis beyond individual subjects, we employ registration techniques to generate population-wide importance maps that show the most predictive areas in the body for a whole cohort of subjects. We show that the investigation of the full 3D volume of the whole body and the population-wide analysis can give important insights into which body parts play the most important roles in predicting a person's age. Our findings reveal three primary areas of interest: the spine, the autochthonous back muscles, and the cardiac region, which exhibits the highest importance. Finally, we investigate differences between subjects that show accelerated and decelerated ageing.
description: Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2024:029
Randomized semi-quantum matrix processing
Creators: name: Tosta, Allan
name: Silva, Thais de Lima
name: Camilo, Giancarlo
name: Aolita, Leandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a hybrid quantum-classical framework for simulating generic matrix functions more amenable to early fault-tolerant quantum hardware than standard quantum singular-value transformations. The method is based on randomization over the Chebyshev approximation of the target function while keeping the matrix oracle quantum, and is assisted by a variant of the Hadamard test that removes the need for post-selection. The resulting statistical overhead is similar to the fully quantum case and does not incur any circuit depth degradation. On the contrary, the average circuit depth is shown to get smaller, yielding equivalent reductions in noise sensitivity, as explicitly shown for depolarizing noise and coherent errors. We apply our technique to partition-function estimation, linear system solvers, and ground-state energy estimation. For these cases, we prove advantages on average depths, including quadratic speed-ups on costly parameters and even the removal of the approximation-error dependence.
description: Accepted for publication in NPJ Quantum Information
Enhanced localization in the prethermal regime of continuously measured many-body localized systems
Creators: name: Patrick, Kristian
name: Yang, Qinghong
name: Liu, Dong E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many-body localized systems exhibit a unique characteristic of avoiding thermalization, primarily attributed to the presence of a local disorder potential in the Hamiltonian. In recent years there has been an interest in simulating these systems on quantum devices. However, actual quantum devices are subject to unavoidable decoherence that can be modeled as coupling to a bath or continuous measurements. The quantum Zeno effect is also known to inhibit thermalization in a quantum system, where repeated measurements suppress transport. In this work we study the interplay of many-body localization and the many-body quantum Zeno effect. In a prethermal regime, we find that signatures of many-body localization are enhanced when the system is coupled to a bath that contains measurements of local fermion population, subject to the appropriate choice of system and bath parameters.
description: Published version. 10 pages, 5 figures, including Supplementary Materials
DETERMINATION METHODS OF FACTORS AFFECTING PIGGYBACK TRANSPORTATION
Creators: name: 1Ziyoda Mukhamedova, 2Diyor Boboev 1-DSc., Professor, Department of Transport and cargo systems, the Faculty of Transportation system management, Tashkent State Transport University, Uzbekistan, Tashkent Corresponding Author, E-mail: mziyoda1987@gmail.com  2-Assistant, Department of Transport and cargo systems, the Faculty of Transportation system management, Tashkent State Transport University, Uzbekistan, Tashkent Corresponding Author
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The management of intermodal transportation is a complex and responsible process. Rail transport is traditionally used in the implementation of international and intercontinental piggyback transportation. The task of rail transport is to provide transportation over the so-called "land bridges" - land sections on which the route begins and ends, or through which it transits. Despite a significant level of computerization and informatization, the level of delays in the delivery of goods in the field of piggyback intermodal transportation is not decreasing. The unsatisfactory speed of piggyback trains is a significant factor in these delays. This problem is of common nature, and not faced by intermodal operators operating only in the Siberian and Eurasian continental land bridges, which pass through the territory of Russia and Kazakhstan, respectively, and deliver goods from Japan. It also applies to the American and Canadian land bridges, through which Japanese goods reach consumers in the United States and Canada, and through the ports of Germany and the Netherlands - to consumers in Western Europe. This situation has developed due to the lack of effective approaches to building management systems that would demonstrate a high level of efficiency in the face of uncertainty, which is a natural component of the transportation process. The article is devoted to the correlation analysis of factors affecting the cargo turnover of piggyback transportation in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The main factors affecting the cargo turnover of piggyback transportation were identified; the degree of the effect was established by statistical methods. Based on data obtained for the last ten years, a correlation matrix and a regression model of cargo turnover were built. The results obtained make it possible to build forecasts for the cargo turnover of piggyback transportation from two to four years with a 95% confidence interval.

Keywords: multimodal transportation, factor analysis, regression model
Linear magnetic susceptibility of anisotropic superconductors of cuboidal shape
Creators: name: Prozorov, Ruslan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simplified model of anisotropic magnetic susceptibility in the Meissner-London vortex-free state of cuboidal superconducting samples is presented. Using this model, precision measurements of the magnetic response in three perpendicular directions of a magnetic field with respect to primary crystal axes, can be used to extract the components of the London penetration depth, thus enabling the evaluation of the general superfluid density tensor, which is needed in the analysis of the superconducting gap structure.
description: Accepted in Journal of Applied Physics: Methods. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.06489
Automatic and Accurate Classification of Hotel Bathrooms from Images with Deep Learning
Creators: name: temiz, hakan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460306
subject: Image processing
classificationCode: 460304
subject: Computer vision
classificationCode: 461103
subject: Deep learning
classificationCode: 350804
subject: Tourism marketing
classificationCode: 350803
subject: Tourism management

description: Guest rooms are one of the most important places in terms of customer satisfaction in hotels. As the bathrooms are one of the most complained parts of the rooms, special care should be taken. Guests rate and share comments and images of their positive or negative experience with hotels. Guests tend to prove their satisfaction, dissatisfaction or bad experience with bathrooms with the images enclosed to their reviews. These evidences (positive or negative reviews and also images) greatly influences the preferences of prospective guests. Therefore, determining the factors that cause discontent or bad experience from analyzing the images can be important to increase customer satisfaction. A system that instantly detects the negative situations that cause the guest to be unhappy will allow the hotel management to take the necessary actions immediately. In this study, a deep learning algorithm was designed that automatically classifies hotel bathrooms as positive (good) or problematic (bad) from image analysis. The algorithm allows to detection of the presence of negative (defects, dirtiness, deficiencies, malfunctions, etc.) and undesirable conditions in bathrooms that may cause the guests to be dissatisfied to be detected automatically from the images. As a result of the experiments, it has been seen that the proposed algorithm can classify bathroom images with very high accuracy. The proposed method can allow the rapid and automatic detection of the presence of the conditions that can cause positive or negative experiences from bathroom images shared by guests
Anisotropic multiband superconductivity in 2M-WS$_{2}$ probed by controlled disorder
Creators: name: Ghimire, Sunil
name: Joshi, Kamal R.
name: Konczykowski, Marcin
name: Grasset, Romain
name: Datta, Amlan
name: Tanatar, Makariy A.
name: Berube, Damien
name: Xu, Su-Yang
name: Fang, Yuqiang
name: Huang, Fuqiang
name: Orth, Peter P.
name: Scheurer, Mathias S.
name: Prozorov, Ruslan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsically superconducting Dirac semimetal 2M-WS$_{2}$ is a promising candidate to realize proximity-induced topological superconductivity in its protected surface states. A precise characterization of the bulk superconducting state is essential for understanding the nature of surface superconductivity in the system. Here, we perform a detailed experimental study of the temperature and nonmagnetic disorder dependence of the London penetration depth $λ$, the upper critical field $H_{c2}$, and the superconducting transition temperature $T_c$ in 2M-WS$_{2}$. We observe a power-law dependence $λ(T) - λ(0) \propto T^{3}$ at temperatures below $0.35~T_c$, which is remarkably different from the expected exponential attenuation of a fully gapped isotropic $s$-wave superconductor. We then probe the effect of controlled nonmagnetic disorder induced by 2.5 MeV electron irradiation at various doses and find a significant $T_c$ suppression rate. Together with the observed increase of the slope $dH_{c2}/dT|_{T=T_c}$ with irradiation, our results reveal a strongly anisotropic $s^{++}$ multiband superconducting state that takes the same sign on different Fermi sheets. Our results have direct consequences for the expected proximity-induced superconductivity of the topological surface states.
On the transient number of a knot
Creators: name: Eudave-Muñoz, Mario
name: Aguilar, Joan Carlos Segura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10, 57M12

description: The transient number of a knot K, denoted tr(K), is the minimal number of simple arcs that have to be attached to K, in order that K can be homotoped to a trivial knot in a regular neighborhood of the union of K and the arcs. We give a lower bound for tr(K) in terms of the rank of the first homology group of the double branched cover of K. In particular, if t(K)=1, then the first homology group of the double branched cover of K is cyclic. Using this, we can calculate the transient number of many knots in the tables and show that there are knots with arbitrarily large transient number.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Periods of elliptic surfaces with $p_g=q=1$
Creators: name: Engel, Philip
name: Greer, François
name: Ward, Abigail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J27

description: We prove that the period mapping is dominant for elliptic surfaces over an elliptic curve with 12 nodal fibers, and that its degree is larger than 1.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Unified description of superconductivity in neutron stars
Creators: name: Kobyakov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I study the location and symmetry of superconducting protons. Solving the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equations based on the unified Barcelona-Catania-Paris-Madrid equation of state (BCPM EoS) and on the pairing gap calculations by Lim and Holt [1], I find that roughly 500 meters of the liquid core (with isotropic and continuous symmetry) and roughly 100-150 meters of the core-crust interface (with anisotropic symmetry) are superconducting, while the rest of the star is normal. To specify whether the superconducting symmetry is discreet in the pasta phase, I study the coexistence of the saturated nuclear and the pure neutron matter using EoS based on the chiral effective field theory (ChEFT). I find that the maximum pressure at coexistence is $P_{*}\simeq0.5\;{\rm MeV\,fm^{-3}}$. To verify the precision of the coexistence calculations I evaluate the surface and the Coulomb corrections using the compressible liquid drop model. I calculate the proton tunneling rate in the perfectly ordered slab region of the pasta phase and conclude that for the chosen EoS, the proton supercurrent tunneling between the adjacent slabs is negligible and the slab region should be described as a discreet symmetry system of quasi two-dimensional layers.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Multiwavelength Constraints on the Origin of a Nearby Repeating Fast Radio Burst Source in a Globular Cluster
Creators: name: Pearlman, Aaron B.
name: Scholz, Paul
name: Bethapudi, Suryarao
name: Hessels, Jason W. T.
name: Kaspi, Victoria M.
name: Kirsten, Franz
name: Nimmo, Kenzie
name: Spitler, Laura G.
name: Fonseca, Emmanuel
name: Meyers, Bradley W.
name: Stairs, Ingrid H.
name: Tan, Chia Min
name: Bhardwaj, Mohit
name: Chatterjee, Shami
name: Cook, Amanda M.
name: Curtin, Alice P.
name: Dong, Fengqiu Adam
name: Eftekhari, Tarraneh
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Güver, Tolga
name: Kaczmarek, Jane
name: Leung, Calvin
name: Masui, Kiyoshi W.
name: Michilli, Daniele
name: Prince, Thomas A.
name: Sand, Ketan R.
name: Shin, Kaitlyn
name: Smith, Kendrick M.
name: Tendulkar, Shriharsh P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise origins of fast radio bursts (FRBs) remain unknown. Multiwavelength observations of nearby FRB sources can provide important insights into the enigmatic FRB phenomenon. Here, we present results from a sensitive, broadband X-ray and radio observational campaign of FRB 20200120E, the closest known extragalactic repeating FRB source (located 3.63 Mpc away in an ~10-Gyr-old globular cluster). We place deep limits on the persistent and prompt X-ray emission from FRB 20200120E, which we use to constrain possible origins for the source. We compare our results with various classes of X-ray sources, transients, and FRB models. We find that FRB 20200120E is unlikely to be associated with ultraluminous X-ray bursts, magnetar-like giant flares, or an SGR 1935+2154-like intermediate flare. Although other types of bright magnetar-like intermediate flares and short X-ray bursts would have been detectable from FRB 20200120E during our observations, we cannot entirely rule them out as a class. We show that FRB 20200120E is unlikely to be powered by an ultraluminous X-ray source or a young extragalactic pulsar embedded in a Crab-like nebula. We also provide new constraints on the compatibility of FRB 20200120E with accretion-based FRB models involving X-ray binaries. These results highlight the power of multiwavelength observations of nearby FRBs for discriminating between FRB models.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy (2024), 57 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables
Efficient decoding of stabilizer code by single-qubit local operations and classical communication
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Koki
name: Yamasaki, Hayata
name: Murao, Mio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a protocol for extracting distributed one-qubit quantum information encoded in a stabilizer code of multiple qubits, only by single-qubit local operations and classical communication (LOCC) without global operations or entanglement resources. This protocol achieves efficient extraction within a polynomial time in terms of the number of physical qubits. We apply this protocol to a setting of quantum information splitting where a subset of spatially separated parties cooperate by classical communication to extract quantum information shared among all the parties. For this task, our LOCC extraction protocol allows designing hierarchical information access structures among the parties, where the minimum number of parties required to cooperate depends on the location of extracting the shared quantum information. These results provide a fundamental building block of distributed quantum information processing that requires access to distributed quantum information encoded in the stabilizer codes.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Probing chiral and flavored $Z^\prime$ from cosmic bursts through neutrino interactions
Creators: name: A., ShivaSankar K.
name: Das, Arindam
name: Lambiase, Gaetano
name: Nomura, Takaaki
name: Orikasa, Yuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of tiny neutrino mass is an unsolved puzzle leading to a variety of phenomenological aspects beyond the Standard Model (BSM). We consider $U(1)$ gauge extension of the Standard Model (SM) where so-called seesaw mechanism is incarnated with the help of thee generations of Majorana type right-handed neutrinos followed by the breaking of $U(1)$ and electroweak gauge symmetries providing anomaly free structure. In this framework, a neutral BSM gauge boson $Z^\prime$ is evolved. To explore the properties of its interactions we consider chiral (flavored) frameworks where $Z^\prime$ interactions depend on the handedness (generations) of the fermions. In this paper we focus on $Z^\prime-$neutrino interactions which could be probed from cosmic explosions. We consider $ν\overlineν \to e^+ e^-$ process which can energize gamma-ray burst (GRB221009A, so far the highest energy) through energy deposition. Hence estimating these rates we constrain $U(1)$ gauge coupling $(g_X)$ and $Z^\prime$ mass $(M_{Z^\prime})$ under Schwarzchild (Sc) and Hartle-Thorne (HT) scenarios. We also study $ν-$DM scattering through $Z^\prime$ to constrain $g_X-M_{Z^\prime}$ plane using IceCube data considering high energy neutrinos from cosmic blazar (TXS0506+056), active galaxy (NGC1068), the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and the Lyman-$α$ data, respectively. Finally highlighting complementarity we compare our results with current and prospective bounds on $g_X-M_{Z^\prime}$ plane from scattering, beam-dump and $g-2$ experiments.
description: 47 pages, 16 figures
Dynamics of projectable functions: Towards an atlas of wandering domains for a family of Newton maps
Creators: name: Florido, Robert
name: Fagella, Núria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a one-parameter family $F_λ$ of transcendental entire functions with zeros, whose Newton's method yields wandering domains, coexisting with the basins of the roots of $F_λ$. Wandering domains for Newton maps of zero-free functions have been built before by, e.g., Buff and Rückert based on the lifting method. This procedure is suited to our Newton maps as members of the class of projectable functions (or maps of the cylinder), i.e. transcendental meromorphic functions $f(z)$ in the complex plane that are semiconjugate, via the exponential, to some map $g(w)$, which may have at most a countable number of essential singularities.
 In this paper we make a systematic study of the general relation (dynamical and otherwise) between $f$ and $g$, and inspect the extension of the logarithmic lifting method of periodic Fatou components to our context, especially for those $g$ of finite-type. We apply these results to characterize the entire functions with zeros whose Newton's method projects to some map $g$ which is defined at both $0$ and $\infty$. The family $F_λ$ is the simplest in this class, and its parameter space shows open sets of $λ$-values in which the Newton map exhibits wandering or Baker domains, in both cases regions of initial conditions where Newton's root-finding method fails.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures
Liouville equations on complete surfaces with nonnegative Gauss curvature
Creators: name: Cai, Xiaohan
name: Lai, Mijia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study finite total curvature solutions of the Liouville equation $Δu+e^{2u}=0$ on a complete surface $(M,g)$ with nonnegative Gauss curvature. It turns out that the asymptotic behavior of the solution separates two extremal cases: on the one end, if the solution decays not too fast, then $(M,g)$ must be isometric to the standard Euclidean plane; on the other end, if $(M,g)$ is isometric to the flat cylinder $\mathbb{S}^1\times \mathbb{R}$, then solutions must decay linearly and are completely classified.
Counsels to my fellow Kenyans
Creators: name: O., Orkoiyot
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 500399
subject: Philosophy not elsewhere classified

description: I have been compelled to write this piece, not as part of condemnation to any parties, but simply as a voice of reason to my fellow countrymen. The current events happening in our country portray devastation, hatred, anger and even malice to some greater extent, traits not desirable for economic growth.It is not my wish to lean on either side, and with reason, explain matters as plain as I can. I do not represent every citizen of this great country, but I pray that my words explain what most, if not all, feel.
Maximal Cliques in Scale-Free Random Graphs
Creators: name: Bläsius, Thomas
name: Katzmann, Maximillian
name: Stegehuis, Clara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the number of maximal cliques, i.e., cliques that are not contained in any larger clique, in three network models: Erdős-Rényi random graphs, inhomogeneous random graphs (also called Chung-Lu graphs), and geometric inhomogeneous random graphs. For sparse and not-too-dense Erdős-Rényi graphs, we give linear and polynomial upper bounds on the number of maximal cliques. For the dense regime, we give super-polynomial and even exponential lower bounds. Although (geometric) inhomogeneous random graphs are sparse, we give super-polynomial lower bounds for these models. This comes from the fact that these graphs have a power-law degree distribution, which leads to a dense subgraph in which we find many maximal cliques. These lower bounds seem to contradict previous empirical evidence that (geometric) inhomogeneous random graphs have only few maximal cliques. We resolve this contradiction by providing experiments indicating that, even for large networks, the linear lower-order terms dominate, before the super-polynomial asymptotic behavior kicks in only for networks of extreme size.