cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parsec scale polarization properties of the TeV blazar Markarian 421
Creators: name: Lico, R.
name: Giroletti, M.
name: Orienti, M.
name: Gomez, J. L.
name: Casadio, C.
name: D'Ammando, F.
name: Blasi, M. G.
name: Cotton, W.
name: Edwards, P. G.
name: Fuhrmann, L.
name: Jorstad, S.
name: Kino, M.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
name: Krichbaum, T. P.
name: Marscher, A. P.
name: Paneque, D.
name: Piner, B. G.
name: Sokolovsky, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a polarization analysis at radio frequencies of Markarian 421, one of the closest (z=0.03) TeV blazars. The observations were obtained, both in total and in polarized intensity, with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at 15, 24, and 43 GHz throughout 2011, with one observation per month (for a total of twelve epochs). We investigate the magnetic field topology and the polarization structure on parsec scale and their evolution with time. We detect polarized emission both in the core and in the jet region, and it varies with frequency, location and time. In the core region we measure a mean fractional polarization of about 1-2%, with a peak of about 4% in March at 43 GHz; the polarization angle is almost stable at 43 GHz, but it shows significant variability in the range 114-173 deg at 15 GHz. In the jet region the polarization properties show a more stable behavior; the fractional polarization is about 16% and the polarization angle is nearly perpendicular to the jet axis. The higher EVPA variability observed at 15 GHz is due both to a variable Faraday rotation effect and to opacity. The residual variability observed in the intrinsic polarization angle, together with the low degree of polarization in the core region, could be explained with the presence of a blend of variable cross-polarized subcomponents within the beam.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of the 12th European VLBI Network Symposium and Users Meeting (7-10 October 2014, Cagliari, Italy)
A new family of bioSFQ logic/memory cells
Creators: name: Semenov, Vasili K.
name: Golden, Evan B.
name: Tolpygo, Sergey K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductor electronics (SCE) is competing to become a platform for efficient implementations of neuromorphic computing and deep learning algorithms (DLAs) with projects mostly concentrating on searching for gates that would better mimic behavior of real neurons. In contrast, we believe that most of the required components have already been demonstrated during the long history of SCE, whereas the missing part is how to organize these components to efficiently implement DLAs. We propose a family of logic/memory cells in which stored multi-bit data are encoded by quasi-analog currents or magnetic flux in superconductor loops while transmitted data are encoded as the rate of SFQ pulses. We designed, fabricated, and tested some of the basic cells to demonstrate a proof of concept, e.g., a unipolar and bipolar multipliers based on Josephson junction comparators. We coined the term bioSFQ to clearly connote close but distinguishable relations between the conventional SFQ electronics and its new neuromorphic paradigm.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 29 references. Presented at 15-th European Conference on Applied Superconductivity, September 5-9, 2021, presentation #291
Perturbative Analysis of the Interacting Rotating Bose Gas
Creators: name: Moss, Megan Schuyler
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: The study of ultracold quantum systems has expanded dramatically since the first experimental realization of Bose-Einstein Condensation in atomic alkali gases in 1995 [1]. Furthermore, there is particular interest in the study of rotating condensates because of the formation of quantized vortices in a triangular lattice. This strange behavior is a consequence of the fact that interacting ultracold quantum systems enter the superfluid phase, which can only be understood through the consideration of inter-particle interactions. This thesis performs a first-order approximation for the expectation value of the angular momentum for a system of interacting, rotating Bose gas in order to characterize the effects of these interactions on the angular momentum of the system. Using perturbative expansion, this calculation can be performed analytically, and the results can be used as a base-line estimation for fully numerical Monte Carlo approaches. Additionally, the results presented in this thesis can be used to better understand how properties of the system, such as the moment of inertia, change as a function of the rotational frequency.
Building models of topological quantum criticality from pivot Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Tantivasadakarn, Nathanan
name: Thorngren, Ryan
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
name: Verresen, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in understanding symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases has been greatly aided by our ability to construct lattice models realizing these states. In contrast, a systematic approach to constructing models that realize quantum critical points between SPT phases is lacking, particularly in dimension $d>1$. Here, we show how the recently introduced notion of the pivot Hamiltonian -- generating rotations between SPT phases -- facilitates such a construction. We demonstrate this approach by constructing a spin model on the triangular lattice, which is midway between a trivial and SPT phase. The pivot Hamiltonian generates a $U(1)$ pivot symmetry which helps to stabilize a direct SPT transition. The sign-problem free nature of the model -- with an additional Ising interaction preserving the pivot symmetry -- allows us to obtain the phase diagram using quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We find evidence for a direct transition between trivial and SPT phases that is consistent with a deconfined quantum critical point with emergent $SO(5)$ symmetry. The known anomaly of the latter is made possible by the non-local nature of the $U(1)$ pivot symmetry. Interestingly, the pivot Hamiltonian generating this symmetry is nothing other than the staggered Baxter-Wu three-spin interaction. This work illustrates the importance of $U(1)$ pivot symmetries and proposes how to generally construct sign-problem-free lattice models of SPT transitions with such anomalous symmetry groups for other lattices and dimensions.
description: 19+6 pages. v2 published version
Lupinus angustifolius Genome sequencing
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2015
Subjects: genome sequencing
Monoisolate

description: Lupinus angustifolius, genome re-sequencing by whole genome shotgun sequencing projectDifferent cultivars sequenced: Unicrop; Tallerack; Mandelup; Quilinock; Merrit; Kalya; Yorrel; Coromup; Jenabillup
Exercise prehabilitation for people with myeloma undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation: results from PERCEPT pilot randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: McCourt, Orla
name: Fisher, Abigail
name: Ramdharry, Gita
name: Land, Joanne
name: Roberts, Anna L.
name: Rabin, Neil
name: Yong, Kwee
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is first line treatment for newly diagnosed patients with myeloma but often results in functional deficits and reduced quality of life (QOL). Physically active myeloma patients have better QOL, less fatigue and reduced morbidity. This trial aimed to investigate the feasibility of a physiotherapist-led exercise intervention delivered across the continuum of the myeloma ASCT pathway at a UK centre. Initially designed and delivered as a face-to-face trial, the study protocol was adapted to virtual delivery in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. A pilot randomised controlled trial of a partly supervised exercise intervention with incorporated behaviour change techniques delivered before, during and for 3 months following ASCT compared to usual care. Face-to-face delivery of the pre-ASCT supervised intervention was adapted to virtually-supervised group classes via video conferencing. Primary outcomes related to feasibility; recruitment rate, attrition and adherence. Secondary outcomes included patient reported measures of QOL (EORTC C30, FACT-BMT, EQ5D), and fatigue (FACIT-F), measures of functional capacity (six-minute walk test (6MWT), timed sit-to-stand (TSTS), hand grip strength, self-reported and objective physical activity (PA). Over 11 months 50 participants were enrolled and randomised. Overall, uptake to the study was 46%. The attrition rate was 34%, mainly related to failure to undergo ASCT. Loss of follow-up for other reasons was low. Secondary outcomes demonstrate potential for the benefit of exercise prior to, during and after ASCT with improvements in QOL, fatigue, functional capacity and PA evident on admission for ASCT and 3 months post-ASCT. Results indicate acceptability and feasibility of delivering exercise prehabilitation, in person and virtually within the ASCT pathway in myeloma. The effects of prehabilitation and rehabilitation provision as a component of the ASCT pathway warrants further investigation.
Conus betulinus Transcriptome or Gene expression
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2015
Subjects: transcriptome
Multiisolate

description: The venom of predatory marine cone snails mainly contains a diverse array of unique bioactive peptides commonly referred to as conopeptides or conotoxins. These peptides have proven to be valuable pharmacological probes and potential drugs because of their high specificity and affinity to important ion channels, receptors and transporters of the nervous system. The most important goal of this project is to find more Conotoxin genes.
DNA Methylation and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Preterm Born Children: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Sowers, Meaghan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Preterm infants are at an increased risk of developing detrimental neurodevelopmental outcomes. Although substantial research exists on DNA methylation related to growth and development of newborns, there are currently no systematic reviews focusing on how epigenetic dysregulation of DNA methylation is associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm children. We sought to understand how DNA methylation and their associated genes play a role in the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants born less than 37 weeks gestational age. We searched electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science in this systematic review and identified 2,312 studies. Based on pre-determined criteria, we conducted a full-text review of 39 studies. From the five studied included in the final sample, we discovered increased methylation of NR3C1, F10, PLA2G4E, TRIM9, GRIK3, ADCY7, CABLES, GNAO1, PRKCZ, FDHI3, RHOF, SH3BP5, STX1A, HSP90AA1 and CRHBP and hypomethylation of HSD11B2 are all associated with increased risk for cognitive impairment in preterm infants. Whereas, hypermethylation of FKBP5, CRHR2 and TH are associated with a decreased risk in cognitive impairment. Future research should further examine these genes and their methylation patterns to be used as biomarkers for the early diagnosis of neurodevelopmental outcomes in children born preterm.
SoTL in Civil and Structural Engineering Protocol
Creators: name: Jiménez Rios, Alejandro
name: Plevris, Vagelis
name: Nogal, Maria
name: Admiraal, Wilhelm Friedrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systematic Review
subject: Scholarship of Teaching and Learning
subject: Civil Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Structural Engineering

description: This document presents the protocol adopted to perform a systematic review for the SoTL in Civil and Structural Engineering following the checklist provided by PRISMA and guidelines of the PRISMA-P Explanation and Elaboration.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 101066739.
On Category $\mathcal{O}$ over triangular Generalized Weyl Algebras
Creators: name: Khare, Apoorva
name: Tikaradze, Akaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S37, 18G05, 16D90

description: We analyze the BGG Category $\mathcal{O}$ over a large class of generalized Weyl algebras (henceforth termed GWAs). Given such a "triangular" GWA for which Category $\mathcal{O}$ decomposes into a direct sum of subcategories, we study in detail the homological properties of blocks with finitely many simples. As consequences, we show that the endomorphism algebra of a projective generator of such a block is quasi-hereditary, finite-dimensional, and graded Koszul. We also classify all tilting modules in the block, as well as all submodules of all projective and tilting modules. Finally, we present a novel connection between blocks of triangular GWAs and Young tableaux, which provides a combinatorial interpretation of morphisms and extensions between objects of the block.
description: Final form (minor revisions), 30 pages; to appear in Journal of Algebra
The long-term burden of a symptom cluster and association with longitudinal physical and emotional functioning in breast cancer survivors
Creators: name: Ebbestad, Freja Ejlebæk
name: Ammitzbøll, Gunn
name: Horsbøll, Trine Allerslev
name: Andersen, Ingelise
name: Johansen, Christoffer
name: Zehran, Bo
name: Dalton, Susanne Oksbjerg
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Fatigue, insomnia and pain are some of the most common and distressing symptoms experienced during breast cancer (BC) treatment and survivorship. The symptoms have been found to impact one another and to form a symptom cluster, and greater severity of the symptoms may be negatively associated with physical and emotional functioning in survivorship. In exploratory analyses from a randomized controlled trial examining the effect of progressive resistance training on the development of lymphedema after BC, we aimed to examine the burden of the symptom cluster fatigue-pain-insomnia, and its prognostic value for long-term symptom severity as well as emotional and physical functioning Latent profile analysis was used to identify groups with similar severity of pain, fatigue and insomnia among 158 patients with BC two weeks after surgery. Mixed effects Tobit regression models were used to estimate fatigue, pain, insomnia, and physical and emotional functioning 20 weeks, 1 year and 3.5 years after surgery. Two symptom burden groups were identified: 80% of women had a low severity while 20% of women had a high severity of the three symptoms after BC surgery. 3.5 years later, the women with high symptom burden post-surgery still had higher pain, insomnia and fatigue scores than women with low symptom burden. High symptom burden post-surgery was associated with worse physical functioning 3.5 years later, while emotional functioning was only negatively impacted during the first year. These findings warrant larger studies investigating if symptom burden early in BC trajectory can be used for risk stratification for persistent symptoms and diminished physical functioning with the purpose of developing and implementing targeted interventions.
Superfluidity and Quantum Geometry in Twisted Multilayer Systems
Creators: name: Törmä, P.
name: Peotta, S.
name: Bernevig, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Designer 2D materials where the constituent layers are not aligned may result in band structures with dispersionless, "flat" bands. Twisted bilayer graphene has been found to show correlated phases as well as superconductivity related to such flat bands. In parallel, theory work has discovered that superconductivity and superfluidity is determined by the quantum geometry and topology of the band structure. These recent key developments are merging to a flourishing research topic: understanding the possible connection and ramifications of quantum geometry on the induced superconductivity and superfluidity in moiré multilayer and other flat band systems. This article presents an introduction to how quantum geometry governs superfluidity in platforms including, and beyond, graphene. We explain how a new type of topology discovered in TBG could affect superconductivity, pinpoint the geometric contribution in its Beretzinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) critical temperature, and mention moiré materials beyond TBG. Ultracold gases are introduced as a complementary platform for quantum geometric effects and a comparison is made to moiré materials. An outlook sketches the prospects of twisted multilayer systems in providing the route to room temperature superconductivity.
description: Accepted version, before editing by the journal editors. We recommend the journal version, if you have access to it
Horizon Run 4 Simulation: Coupled Evolution of Galaxies and Large-scale Structures of the Universe
Creators: name: Kim, Juhan
name: Park, Changbom
name: L'Huillier, Benjamin
name: Hong, Sungwook E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Horizon Run 4 is a cosmological $N$-body simulation designed for the study of coupled evolution between galaxies and large-scale structures of the Universe, and for the test of galaxy formation models. Using $6300^3$ gravitating particles in a cubic box of $L_{\rm box} = 3150 ~h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$, we build a dense forest of halo merger trees to trace the halo merger history with a halo mass resolution scale down to $M_s = 2.7 \times 10^{11} h^{-1}{\rm M_\odot}$. We build a set of particle and halo data, which can serve as testbeds for comparison of cosmological models and gravitational theories with observations. We find that the FoF halo mass function shows a substantial deviation from the universal form with tangible redshift evolution of amplitude and shape. At higher redshifts, the amplitude of the mass function is lower, and the functional form is shifted toward larger values of $\ln (1/σ)$. We also find that the baryonic acoustic oscillation feature in the two-point correlation function of mock galaxies becomes broader with a peak position moving to smaller scales and the peak amplitude decreasing for increasing directional cosine $μ$ compared to the linear predictions. From the halo merger trees built from halo data at 75 redshifts, we measure the half-mass epoch of halos and find that less massive halos tend to reach half of their current mass at higher redshifts. Simulation outputs including snapshot data, past lightcone space data, and halo merger data are available at http://sdss.kias.re.kr/astro/Horizon-Run4/.
description: 17 pages, 17 Figures, Accepted for Publication in JKAS. Data available at http://sdss.kias.re.kr/astro/Horizon-Run4/
An inherently parallel H2-ULV factorization for solving dense linear systems on GPUs
Creators: name: Ma, Qianxiang
name: Yokota, Rio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hierarchical low-rank approximation of dense matrices can reduce the complexity of their factorization from O(N^3) to O(N). However, the complex structure of such hierarchical matrices makes them difficult to parallelize. The block size and ranks can vary between the sub-blocks, which creates load imbalance. The dependency between the sub-blocks during factorization results in serialization. Since many sub-blocks are low-rank, their small computational load exposes the overhead of runtime systems. The combination of these factors makes it challenging to implement these methods on GPUs. In this work, we show that dense matrices can be factorized with linear complexity, while extracting the potential parallelism of GPUs. This is made possible through the H2-ULV factorization, which removes the dependency on trailing sub-matrices.
IR-Improved Amplitude-Based Resummation in Quantum Field Theory: New Results and New Issues
Creators: name: Ward, B. F. L.
name: Jadach, S.
name: Placzek, W.
name: Skrzypek, M.
name: Was, Z.
name: Yost, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the advancement of strategies for the precision physics programs for the HL-LHC, FCC-ee, FCC-hh, ILC, CLIC, CEPC, and CPPC, the need for proper control of the attendant theoretical precision tags is manifest. We discuss the role that amplitude-based resummation may play in this regard with examples from the LHC, the proposed new colliders and quantum gravity.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, presented by B.F.L. Ward at Radcor-LoopFest2021, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA, May 2021; improved references; misprints corrected
Assigning Temperatures to Eigenstates
Creators: name: Burke, Phillip C.
name: Nakerst, Goran
name: Haque, Masudul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the study of thermalization in finite isolated quantum systems, an inescapable issue is the definition of temperature. We examine and compare different possible ways of assigning temperatures to energies or equivalently to eigenstates in such systems. A commonly used assignment of temperature in the context of thermalization is based on the canonical energy-temperature relationship, which depends only on energy eigenvalues and not on the structure of eigenstates. For eigenstates, we consider defining temperature by minimizing the distance between (full or reduced) eigenstate density matrices and canonical density matrices. We show that for full eigenstates, the minimizing temperature depends on the distance measure chosen and matches the canonical temperature for the trace distance; however, the two matrices are not close. With reduced density matrices, the minimizing temperature has fluctuations that scale with subsystem and system size but appears to be independent of distance measure. In particular limits, the two matrices become equivalent while the temperature tends to the canonical temperature.
description: v2: Updated with changes made for publication in Phys. Rev. E. 17 pages, 16 figures. v1: 15 Pages, 15 figures
A SMACK Model of Colliding Planetesimals in the $β$ Pictoris Debris Disk
Creators: name: Nesvold, Erika R.
name: Kuchner, Marc J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new model of the $β$ Pictoris disk-and-planet system that simulates both the planetesimal collisions and the dynamics of the resulting dust grains, allowing us to model features and asymmetries in both thermal and scattered light images of the disk. Our two-part model first simulates the collisional and dynamical evolution of the planetesimals with the Superparticle-Method Algorithm for Collisions in Kuiper belts (SMACK) and then simulates the dynamical evolution of the resulting dust grains with a standard Bulirsch-Stoer N-body integrator. Given the observed inclination and eccentricity of the $β$ Pictoris b planet, the model neatly ties together several features of the disk: the central hole in the submillimeter images, the two-disk "x"-pattern seen in scattered light, and possibly even the clumpy gas seen by ALMA. We also find that most of the dust in the $β$ Pictoris system is likely produced outside the ring at 60-100 AU. Instead of a birth ring, this disk has a "stirring ring" at 60-100 AU where the high-velocity collisions produced by the secular wave launched by the planet are concentrated. The two-disk x-pattern arises because collisions occur more frequently at the peaks and troughs of the secular wave. The perturbations of the disk in this region create an azimuthally and vertically asymmetric spatial distribution of collisions, which could yield an azimuthal clump of gas without invoking resonances or an additional planet.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Pilot implementation of MiLES: a web-based intervention targeted at managers with the aim of enhancing the successful return to work of employees with cancer
Creators: name: Berkhout, M. A.
name: Tamminga, S. J.
name: de Boer, A. G. E. M.
name: Dewa, C. S.
name: de Jong, A.
name: de Rijk, A. E.
name: Greidanus, M. A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: MiLES is a web-based intervention targeted at managers with the aim of enhancing the successful return to work (RTW) of employees with cancer. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers to and facilitators of implementing MiLES in organizations, from a manager’s perspective. MiLES was implemented as a pilot in four organizations for six weeks. Sixteen managers were included, of which fourteen were interviewed regarding their perceived barriers to and facilitators of implementation of MiLES in their organization. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed with content analysis. The managers experienced barriers to and facilitators of implementation related to: (1) implementation responsibilities, (2) the intervention’s content, and (3) organizational characteristics. Regarding implementation responsibilities, management board approval and an organizational infrastructure with distinct described implementation responsibilities were perceived as facilitators. Regarding the intervention’s content, its accessibility, user-friendliness and completeness were perceived as facilitators. If the content did not meet the manager’s specific needs, this was perceived as a barrier. Regarding organizational characteristics, several intangible (e.g., added value of MiLES within different organizations) and tangible (e.g., integration into absenteeism registration) organizational characteristics were perceived as facilitators. The absence of a quiet place to use MiLES was perceived as barrier. Implementation of MiLES in organizations may benefit from an infrastructure within the organization that defines responsibilities regarding intervention delivery to managers of employees with cancer. Such an infrastructure should be aligned to existing organizational structures. As per interviewed managers, MiLES has added value in diverse organizations.
Generation of cold magnetized relativistic plasmas at the rear of thin foils irradiated by ultra-high-intensity laser pulses
Creators: name: Korzhimanov, Artem V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme to generate magnetized relativistic plasmas in laboratory is proposed. It is based on interaction of ultra-high-intensity sub-picosecond laser pulses with few-micron thick foils or films. By means of Particle-In-Cell simulations it is shown that energetic electrons produced by the laser and evacuated at the rear of the target trigger an expansion of the target and builds up a strong azimuthal magnetic field. It is shown that in the expanding plasma sheath a ratio of the magnetic pressure and the electron rest-mass energy density exceeds unity whereas a the plasma pressure is lower than the magnetic pressure and the electron gyroradius is lower than the plasma dimension. This scheme can be utilised to study astrophysical extreme phenomena such as relativistic magnetic reconnection in laboratory.
Knowledge Gaps Regarding Birth Control and Emergency Contraceptives Among College Educated Woman: An educational intervention
Creators: name: Emily Morgan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Contraceptive educational programs have shown a positive impact upon female’s contraceptive beliefs, attitudes and behaviors. Additional research established that college-aged women have the highest levels of method noncompliance when compared to an older female demographic. The following paper discusses an educational intervention that set out to provide birth control and emergency contraception information to college-educated females. A post-survey was utilized to gather data regarding the distribution of knowledge deficits among different methods of birth control. The methods discussed were the arm implant, the shot, intrauterine devices (IUD), oral pill, the ring, and emergency contraception. Forty-seven females took part in the study. Qualitative and quantitative data was collected and analyzed. It was found that the arm implant and the IUD showed the greatest increase in knowledge after the presentation compared to before. Qualitative data provided that after the educational session eight women were now considering switching from oral contraceptives to birth control with less user error such as the IUD or arm implant. It was discussed that increasing educational programs that grant participants generalized knowledge about several types of birth control, with an emphasis upon methods that decrease user error, would be beneficial in preventing pregnancy in this demographic. Additionally it was hypothesized that college age females may be noncompliant with oral birth control because they were not informed on the best practices for taking oral birth control. This is supported by the fact that 45.9% of participants recorded new information dealing with the understanding the best practices for the usage of oral birth control. It was recommended that increasing contraceptive educational programs with a focus on improving method compliance could be beneficial within this demographic.
The Impact of Business Process Reengineering Implementation on the Human Resource Dimension: A Preliminary Assessment Based on the Experiences of Selected Public Institutions
Creators: name: Abdurezaq Ziad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010

description: This study is about the preliminary assessment of the perceived impact of Business Process Reengineering implementation on the human resource dimensions in selected public institutions. It is a survey research. The target population of the study was the employees of the selected institutions, namely Ministry of Capacity Building (MOCB) Ministry of Education (MOE), Ministry of Trade and Industry (MOTI) and Ethiopian Civil Service College (ECSC). A sample size of 70 out of 700 employees was taken. The relevant data was collected through survey questionnaire and random sampling technique was employed when distributing the survey questionnaires. Out of the 70 questionnaires distributed to the randomly selected employees, 55 were properly completed and returned. This represents a response rate of approximately 78.6% from the distributed questionnaires. The data was analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferences were made accordingly. Major findings revealed that the impact of BPR implementation in the selected organizations was negative in most core human resource dimensions (i.e. reward, promotion, work life, etc,), except empowerment and career development. Some recommendations that might enable BPR to be a reliable vehicle in the process of achieving effectiveness and efficiency in public institutions in the long run are presented.
Getting Serious About Diversity: Journalism and Mass Communications Schools as Sites for Recruiting and Retaining Diverse Talent
Creators: name: Malin Curry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: “Diversity” has become a buzz word for organizations and institutions alike. This is especially true for journalism and mass communications schools that will often tout around brochures and informational materials that feature minority students prominently. But, sometimes the realities put forth by these schools does not reflect the actual experience of enrolled minorities. For more context, institutions seeking accreditation from the Accrediting Council on Education in Journalism and Mass Communications must comply with a specific diversity standard if they are hoping to gain accreditation every six years. There lies a disconnect between public perception and actual experience that can discourage students from declaring certain majors in the journalism and mass communications fields, and sometimes attending a school at all. Some might argue that this problem is affecting the Hussman School of Journalism and Media thus creating a lack of perceived diversity in the school itself. This study seeks to answer the question of what barriers are preventing minority candidates from pursuing degrees in journalism and mass communications, what resources schools provide to prospective and current minority students associated with their institution and what strategies Hussman might adopt when considering ways to better its current minority recruitment and retention strategies. The study features a comparative chart with a list of resources found at 10 J-schools nationwide, and relies on interviews conducted with experts in the field of diversity and inclusion at the academic level and current Hussman students to make assertions about strategies to pursue moving forward. The end result, is a list of four recommendations Hussman administrators might choose to carry out as they build out their diversity plan moving forward, and as they prepare to be reviewed for accreditation.
Curvature Dependence of Hydrophobic Hydration Dynamics
Creators: name: Weiß, R. Gregor
name: Heyden, Matthias
name: Dzubiella, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the curvature-dependence of water dynamics in the vicinity of hydrophobic spherical solutes using molecular dynamics simulations. For both, the lateral and perpendicular diffusivity as well as for H-bond kinetics of water in the first hydration shell, we find a non-monotonic solute-size dependence, exhibiting extrema close to the well-known structural crossover length scale for hydrophobic hydration. Additionally, we find an apparently anomalous diffusion for water moving parallel to the surface of small solutes, which, however, can be explained by topology effects. The intimate connection between solute curvature, water structure and dynamics has implications for our understanding of hydration dynamics at heterogeneous biomolecular surfaces.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
TRINITY RELATIONSHIP AMONG WEB SERVERS, DATABASE SERVERS AND HUMANS IN DIFFERENT ROLES AND SETTINGS
Creators: name: Li, Zihao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: Database server
Human-computer interaction
Web servers
Performance--Evaluation

description: Front-end web server and back-end database servers are widely recognized as two essential infrastructure components that cast a significant influence on the stability and success of individuals and organizations. Nevertheless, unreliable or problematic servers could cause issues to jeopardize the regular operation of those organizations. Knowing that the market now exists a wide range of available web server and database server providers, users face challenges of effectively evaluating those service providers based on their experience and perception of the definition of the excellent and robust web server
and database server. Thus, the study would provide a detailed analysis and comparison between available and accessible performance evaluation methods. Besides, anonymous surveys within user groups are conducted to show reflections of how different groups of users in different roles and setting tend to evaluate the performance, and feedbacks from semi-structured interviews are presented and discussed.
From QCD-based hard-scattering to nonextensive statistical mechanical descriptions of transverse momentum spectra in high-energy $pp$ and $p\bar p$ collisions
Creators: name: Wong, Cheuk-Yin
name: Wilk, Grzegorz
name: Cirto, Leonardo J. L.
name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse spectra of both jets and hadrons obtained in high-energy $pp$ and $p\bar p $ collisions at central rapidity exhibit power-law behavior of $1/p_T^n$ at high $p_T$. The power index $n$ is 4-5 for jet production and is 6-10 for hadron production. Furthermore, the hadron spectra spanning over 14 orders of magnitude down to the lowest $p_T$ region in $pp$ collisions at LHC can be adequately described by a single nonextensive statistical mechanical distribution that is widely used in other branches of science. This suggests indirectly the possible dominance of the hard-scattering process over essentially the whole $p_T$ region at central rapidity in high-energy $pp$ and $p \bar p$ collisions. We show here direct evidences of such a dominance of the hard-scattering process by investigating the power indices of UA1 and ATLAS jet spectra over an extended $p_T$ region and the two-particle correlation data of the STAR and PHENIX Collaborations in high-energy $pp$ and $p \bar p$ collisions at central rapidity. We then study how the showering of the hard-scattering product partons alters the power index of the hadron spectra and leads to a hadron distribution that may be cast into a single-particle nonextensive statistical mechanical distribution. Because of such a connection, the nonextensive statistical mechanical distribution may be considered as a lowest-order approximation of the hard-scattering of partons followed by the subsequent process of parton showering that turns the jets into hadrons, in high energy $pp$ and $p\bar p$ collisions.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
HeLa S3 single-cell RNA-seq
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2015
Subjects: transcriptome
Monoisolate

description: Background: Viral infection causes multiple forms of human cancer, and HPV infection is the primary factor in cervical carcinomas. Recent single cell RNA-seq studies highlight the tumor heterogeneity present in most cancers, but virally-induced tumors have not been studied. HeLa is a well characterized HPV+ cervical cancer cell line.Result: We developed a new high throughput pipeline to prepare single cell RNA at nanoliter scale based on a customized microwell chip. Using this method, we successfully amplified full-length transcripts of 669 single HeLa S3 cells and 40 of them were randomly selected to perform single cell RNA sequencing. Based on these data, we obtained a comprehensive understanding of the heterogeneity of HeLa S3 cell gene expression, alternative splicing and gene fusions. Furthermore, we identified a high diversity of HPV-18 expression and splicing at the single cell level. By co-expression analysis we identified 283 E6, E7 co-regulated genes, including CDC25, PCNA, PLK4, BUB1B and IRF1 known to interact with HPV viral proteins.Conclusion: Our results reveal the heterogeneity of a virus-infected cell line. Not only provide a transcriptome characterization of HeLa S3 cells at the single cell level, but are a demonstration of the power of single cell RNA-seq analysis of virally infected cells and cancers.
Ab initio calculation of muon capture on $^{24}$Mg
Creators: name: Jokiniemi, L.
name: Miyagi, T.
name: Stroberg, S. R.
name: Holt, J. D.
name: Kotila, J.
name: Suhonen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study ordinary muon capture (OMC) on $^{24}$Mg from a first principles perspective. Starting from a particular two- and three-nucleon interaction derived from chiral effective field theory, we use the valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group (VS-IMSRG) framework to construct effective Hamiltonians and muon-capture operators which nonperturbatively account for many-body physics outside the valence space. The obtained nuclear matrix elements are compared against those from the phenomenological shell model. The impact of including the correlations from the nuclear shell model (NSM) as well as including the induced two-body part is studied in detail. Furthermore, the effects of realistic bound-muon wave function on the operators is studied. Finally, predictions for capture rates to the lowest excited states in $^{24}$Na are given and compared with available data. It is found that the spectroscopic properties of $^{24}$Mg and its OMC daughter $^{24}$Na are fairly well described by both the NSM and VS-IMSRG, and that the effect of the hadronic two-body currents significantly reduces the OMC rates. Both models have some difficulties in matching the measured OMC rates, especially for the $2^+$ final states. This calls for further studies in other light nuclei with available OMC data.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 14 tables, including appendix. Corresponds to the published version
Taphonomy of two Holocene penguin taphocoenoses in Potter Peninsula, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica
Creators: name: Hospitaleche, Carolina Acosta
name: Gelfo, Javier N.
name: Quaggia, Bruno
name: Reguero, Marcelo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Abandoned rookeries belonging to any of the Pygoscelis species are very particular taphocoenosis, usually preserved due to the accumulations of bones, pebbles, and guano year after year in the same nesting area, that condense together with other biogenic material and form ornithogenic sediments. The results of the excavation, sieved and analyses of sediment and materials found in two rookeries formed during the last 8000 years, named Pingfo I and Pingfo II and found in the 25 de Mayo/King George Island (South Shetland Islands, West Antarctica) are presented here. The analyses of the bones and eggshells, taxonomic and ontogenetic composition, elements representation, transport degree, predation, and scavenging marks, together with the micropalaeontological content provided informative tools for the reconstruction of the nesting areas, suggesting that bones were transported and accumulated in Pingfo I that would represent high energy beach, whereas a breeding colony was settled in Pingfo II. The preservation of hexactinellid spicules and several arthropod remains are particularly informative for the levels at Pingfo I. The preservation of a Culicidae (Diptera) wing could be the first middle Holocene record of the group in Antarctica, the only continent without extant mosquitoes.
Organ Donation in Trauma Patients: An Overview of Treating Patients Versus Saving Organs in the Emergency Department
Creators: name: Parrish, Sydney
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Organ donation is a complex, controversial topic in today’s healthcare world. Even with increased efforts to support more patients on the organ donation waiting list, the organ shortage continues, as the number of candidates on the waiting list exponentially increases annually compared to the number of eligible donors and performed transplants. The question is, where can we intervene to close the gap between these numbers? Research shows that one area in need of reformation is the emergency department, specifically regarding organ donations among deceased patients with traumatic injuries. Trauma patients account for many of the deaths occurring in the hospital setting; therefore, to maximize the availability of deceased donor organs, it is extremely critical to evaluate the emergency department and trauma patients as potential donors. A review of the literature was conducted to determine the gaps and barriers that exist during the organ donation approach, specifically after trauma-related deaths. It is essential that the communication gaps which occur between healthcare professionals and families, as well as the various ethical factors associated with organ donation, are addressed in order to enhance the emergency department’s ability to identify donors.
A new SANU (Mammalia, Panperissodactyla) from the early Eocene levels of the Lumbrera Formation at Los Cardones National Park (Salta Province, Northwestern Argentina)
Creators: name: Zimicz, Natalia
name: Fernández, M.
name: Bond, M.
name: Chornogubsky, L.
name: Fernicola, J.C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: New remain of a SANU from the lower levels of the Lumbrera Formation is described. It consists of a left dentary fragment with a m3 preserving a partially broken trigonid and a complete talonid. Kyraodus churcalensis gen. et. sp nov. is characterised by the following combination of features: brachydont and bunodont molar; talonid larger than trigonid; distal wall of the metaconid not inflated; hypoconid subequal in height, but more voluminous than the distally placed hypoconulid; small entoconid closer to the hypoconulid; metastylid vestigial; strong cristid obliqua lingually projected and mesially ascending, closing labially the talonid basin, which is a narrow oblique valley labio-lingually opened; hypocristid present without contacting the hypoconulid; postcristid present, contacting the entoconid and closing the small valley between the later and hypoconulid; strong mesio-labial cingulid and reduced disto-labial one. The cladistic analysis performed yields 380 most parsimonious trees (177 steps each). In the strict consensus, Kyraodus is positioned in a clade with Mioclaenidae, Litopterna, Didolodontidae and Phenacodontidae, separated from Notoungulata plus Kollpaniidae. Kyraodus represents the ancient condylarth known from Northwestern Argentina and the accompanying fauna is the first confirmed early Ypresian assemblage of Argentina highlighting the importance of the region for the early radiation of native ungulates. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:55379E92-AB62-4E9A-9FC8-2F1B6A1B2B39