cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Introduction to the special issue: multiple jobholding in Europe
Creators: name: Conen, Wieteke
name: Schulze Buschoff, Karin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Employment patterns
subject: income groups
subject: job quality
subject: multiple jobholding
subject: moonlighting
subject: platform economy
subject: social security
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: In a number of European countries there is a clear trend towards increased multiple jobholding. As things stand, however, little is known about the structure and the potential consequences of this increase, notably in terms of quality of work and social protection. This special issue focuses on contemporary forms of multiple jobholding in Europe. Have the structure, nature and dynamics of multiple jobholding changed over time? What are the roles of labour market flexibility, technological change and work fragmentation in the development of multiple jobholding? And do multiple jobholders benefit from similar and adequate employment terms, conditions and protections compared with single jobholders, or are they worse off as a consequence of their (fragmented) employment situation? What implications do these findings have for unions, policy-makers and the regulation of work? The collection of articles in this special issue adds to the literature on emerging forms of employment in the digital age and challenges for social protection, also in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. This introduction initiates a discussion of central debates on multiple jobholding and presents a synopsis of the articles in this issue.
Alternative Model-Based and Design-Based Frameworks for Inference From Samples to Populations: From Polarization to Integration
Creators: name: Sterba, Sonya K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: A model-based framework, due originally to R. A. Fisher, and a design-based framework, due originally to J. Neyman, offer alternative mechanisms for inference from samples to populations. We show how these frameworks can utilize different types of samples (nonrandom or random vs. only random) and allow different kinds of inference (descriptive vs. analytic) to different kinds of populations (finite vs. infinite). We describe the extent of each framework's implementation in observational psychology research. After clarifying some important limitations of each framework, we describe how these limitations are overcome by a newer hybrid model/design-based inferential framework. This hybrid framework allows both kinds of inference to both kinds of populations, given a random sample. We illustrate implementation of the hybrid framework using the High School and Beyond data set.
Additional file 2 of The relationship between high physical activity and premenstrual syndrome in Japanese female college students
Creators: name: Kawabe, Rika
name: Chen, Chang Yu
name: Morino, Saori
name: Mukaiyama, Kohei
name: Shinohara, Yuki
name: Kato, Masaya
name: Shimizu, Hiroki
name: Shimoura, Kanako
name: Nagai-Tanima, Momoko
name: Aoyama, Tomoki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. PMS symptoms questionnaire.
Long-rising Type II supernovae resembling supernova 1987A -- I. A comparative study through scaling relations
Creators: name: Pumo, M. L.
name: Cosentino, S. P.
name: Pastorello, A.
name: Benetti, S.
name: Cherubini, S.
name: Manicò, G.
name: Zampieri, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim of improving our knowledge about their nature, we conduct a comparative study on a sample of long-rising Type II supernovae (SNe) resembling SN 1987A. To do so, we deduce various scaling relations from different analytic models of H-rich SNe, discussing their robustness and feasibility. Then we use the best relations in terms of accuracy to infer the SN progenitor's physical properties at the explosion for the selected sample of SN 1987A-like objects, deriving energies of $\sim 0.5$-$15$ foe, radii of $\sim 0.2$-$100 \times 10^{12}$ cm, and ejected masses of $\sim 15$-$55$\msun. Although the sample may be too small to draw any final conclusion, these results suggest that (a) SN 1987A-like objects have parameters at explosion covering a wide range of values; (b) the main parameter determining their distribution is the explosion energy; (c) a high-mass ($\gtrsim 30$\,\Msun), high-energy ($\gtrsim 10$\,foe) tail of events, linked to extended progenitors with radii at explosion $\sim 10^{13}$-$10^{14}$\,cm, challenge standard theories of neutrino-driven core-collapse and stellar evolution. We also find a correlation between the amount of $^{56}$Ni in the ejecta of the SN 1987A-like objects and the spectrophotometric features of the SN at maximum, that may represent a tool for estimating the amount of $^{56}$Ni in the SN ejecta whitout having information on the tail luminosity.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, and 2 appendices, accepted for publication on MNRAS
A Moderated Nonlinear Factor Model for the Development of Commensurate Measures in Integrative Data Analysis
Creators: name: McGinley, James S.
name: Hussong, Andrea M.
name: Zucker, Robert
name: Chassin, Laurie
name: Curran, Patrick J.
name: Burns, Alison
name: Bauer, Daniel J.
name: Sher, Kenneth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Integrative data analysis (IDA) is a methodological framework that allows for the fitting of models to data that have been pooled across two or more independent sources. IDA offers many potential advantages including increased statistical power, greater subject heterogeneity, higher observed frequencies of low base-rate behaviors, and longer developmental periods of study. However, a core challenge is the estimation of valid and reliable psychometric scores that are based on potentially different items with different response options drawn from different studies. In Bauer and Hussong (2009) we proposed a method for obtaining scores within an IDA called moderated nonlinear factor analysis (MNLFA). Here we move significantly beyond this work in the development of a general framework for estimating MNLFA models and obtaining scale scores across a variety of settings. We propose a five step procedure and demonstrate this approach using data drawn from n=1972 individuals ranging in age from 11 to 34 years pooled across three independent studies to examine the factor structure of 17 binary items assessing depressive symptomatology. We offer substantive conclusions about the factor structure of depression, use this structure to compute individual-specific scale scores, and make recommendations for the use of these methods in practice.
Labour Market Segmentation within Ethnic Economies: The Ethnic Penalty for Invisible Kurdish Migrants in the United Kingdom
Creators: name: Kesici, Mehmet Rauf
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ethnic economy
subject: ethnic penalty
subject: internal ethnicity
subject: Kurdish labour
subject: migration
subject: segmentation
subject: work
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Despite the extensive literature on the labour market outcomes of migration, little attention has been given to labour market inequalities within ethnic economies containing internal ethnicity. This article, using a field-study, multi-segmented labour market approach and the enclave hypothesis, contributes to the literature by demonstrating the key roles of different migration patterns and ethnic disparities in shaping labour market segmentation. It focuses on how and why Kurdish migrants are located in the lower segments of the labour market in their shared ethnic (migrant) economy in London. It argues that the Kurds’ underprivileged position associated with an ethnic penalty for them in the UK results from their relatively recent migration history, (un)documented asylum status and the ongoing persecution against them in Turkey. The article concludes that different migration histories, particular motivations for migration and ethnic disparities stratify migrants into distinct segments of the labour market in the country of destination.
Partial Measurement Invariance: Extending and Evaluating the Cluster Approach for Identifying Anchor Items
Creators: name: Pohl, Steffi
name: Schulze, Daniel
name: Stets, Eric
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: measurement invariance
subject: differential item functioning
subject: scale indeterminacy
subject: cluster analysis
subject: anchor items
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: When measurement invariance does not hold, researchers aim for partial measurement invariance by identifying anchor items that are assumed to be measurement invariant. In this paper, we build on Bechger and Maris’s approach for identification of anchor items. Instead of identifying differential item functioning (DIF)-free items, they propose to identify different sets of items that are invariant in item parameters within the same item set. We extend their approach by an additional step in order to allow for identification of homogeneously functioning item sets. We evaluate the performance of the extended cluster approach under various conditions and compare its performance to that of previous approaches, that are the equal-mean difficulty (EMD) approach and the iterative forward approach. We show that the EMD and the iterative forward approaches perform well in conditions with balanced DIF or when DIF is small. In conditions with large and unbalanced DIF, they fail to recover the true group mean differences. With appropriate threshold settings, the cluster approach identified a cluster that resulted in unbiased mean difference estimates in all conditions. Compared to previous approaches, the cluster approach allows for a variety of different assumptions as well as for depicting the uncertainty in the results that stem from the choice of the assumption. Using a real data set, we illustrate how the assumptions of the previous approaches may be incorporated in the cluster approach and how the chosen assumption impacts the results.
Damping of metallized bilayer nanomechanical resonators at room temperature
Creators: name: Seitner, Maximilian J.
name: Gajo, Katrin
name: Weig, Eva M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of gold thin-films subsequently deposited on a set of initially bare, doubly clamped, high-stress silicon nitride string resonators at room temperature. Analytical expressions for resonance frequency, quality factor and damping for both in- and out-of-plane flexural modes of the bilayer system are derived, which allows for the determination of effective elastic parameters of the composite structure from our experimental data. We find the inverse quality factor to scale linearly with the gold film thickness, indicating that the overall damping is governed by losses in the metal. Correspondingly, the mechanical linewidth increases by more than one order of magnitude compared to the bare silicon nitride string resonator. Furthermore, we extract mechanical quality factors of the gold film for both flexural modes and show that they can be enhanced by complete deposition of the metal in a single step, suggesting that surface and interface losses play a vital role in metal thin-films.
Maternal Allostatic Load and Perinatal Outcomes: A Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Hood, Clarissa
name: Musick, Joslin
name: Langford, Sheridan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biomarkers
subject: 111704 Community Child Health
subject: 111401 Foetal Development and Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111402 Obstetrics and Gynaecology

description: This scoping review aims to summarize the extent and type of evidence available on how maternal allostatic load is measured biophysically. The review will determine the tools and markers that are currently used to measure allostatic load as it relates to perinatal outcomes.
Additional file 3 of The relationship between high physical activity and premenstrual syndrome in Japanese female college students
Creators: name: Kawabe, Rika
name: Chen, Chang Yu
name: Morino, Saori
name: Mukaiyama, Kohei
name: Shinohara, Yuki
name: Kato, Masaya
name: Shimizu, Hiroki
name: Shimoura, Kanako
name: Nagai-Tanima, Momoko
name: Aoyama, Tomoki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Questionnaire of diagnostic criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
Renormalization of competing interactions and superconductivity on small scales
Creators: name: Aharony, A.
name: Entin-Wohlman, O.
name: Imry, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction-induced orbital magnetic response of a nanoscale ring is evaluated for a diffusive system which is a superconductor in the bulk. The interplay of the renormalized Coulomb and Fröhlich interactions is crucial. The magnetic susceptibility which results from the fluctuations of the uniform superconducting order parameter is diamagnetic (paramagnetic) when the renormalized combined interaction is attractive (repulsive). Above the transition temperature of the bulk the total magnetic susceptibility has contributions from many wave-vector- and (Matsubara) frequency-dependent order parameter fluctuations. Each of these contributions results from a different renormalization of the relevant coupling energy, when one integrates out the fermionic degrees of freedom. The total diamagnetic response of the large superconductor may become paramagnetic when the system's size decreases.
description: To appear in a special issue of J. Stat. Phys., honoring K. G. Wilson
‘Shoulda, Coulda, Woulda’: Young Swiss audiences’ attitudes, expectations and evaluations of audiovisual news and information content and the implications for public service television
Creators: name: Autenrieth, Ulla
name: Künzler, Matthias
name: Fehlmann, Fiona
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audiovisual media usage
subject: news avoidance
subject: young audiences
subject: information access
subject: public service media
subject: news consumption
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::070 Publizistische Medien, Journalismus, Verlagswesen::070 Publizistische Medien, Journalismus, Verlagswesen

description: Public service media (PSM) are still seen in most European countries as a core means of informing citizens of all ages. Nevertheless, PSM struggle to reach young audiences, who are often characterised as news-avoidant or news-deprived. This article asks what meaning the news and information offered by PSM have for young people. The qualitative study describes young people’s attitudes and expectations regarding audiovisual news and information content through observation of their media usage habits in an experimental setting. It provides insights regarding how young people find and select news in today’s digital media environment and highlights opportunities for PSM providers to reach and engage with young audiences more effectively.
Herschel-ATLAS and ALMA: HATLAS J142935.3-002836, a lensed major merger at redshift 1.027
Creators: name: Messias, Hugo
name: Dye, Simon
name: Nagar, Neil
name: Orellana, Gustavo
name: Bussmann, R. Shane
name: Calanog, Jae
name: Dannerbauer, Helmut
name: Fu, Hai
name: Ibar, Edo
name: Inohara, Andrew
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Negrello, Mattia
name: Riechers, Dominik A.
name: Sheen, Yun-Kyeong
name: Amber, Simon
name: Birkinshaw, Mark
name: Bourne, Nathan
name: Clements, Dave L.
name: Cooray, Asantha
name: De Zotti, Gianfranco
name: Demarco, Ricardo
name: Dunne, Loretta
name: Eales, Stephen
name: Fleuren, Simone
name: Lupu, Roxana E.
name: Maddox, Steve J.
name: Michalowski, Michal J.
name: Omont, Alain
name: Rowlands, Kate
name: Smith, Dan
name: Smith, Matt
name: Valiante, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] Aims: This work focuses on one lensed system, HATLAS J142935.3-002836 (H1429-0028), selected in the Herschel-ATLAS field. Gathering a rich, multi-wavelength dataset, we aim to confirm the lensing hypothesis and model the background source's morphology and dynamics, as well as to provide a full physical characterisation. Methods: Multi-wavelength high-resolution data is utilised to assess the nature of the system. A lensing-analysis algorithm which simultaneously fits different wavebands is adopted to characterise the lens. The background galaxy dynamical information is studied by reconstructing the 3-D source-plane of the ALMA CO(J:4-3) transition. Near-IR imaging from HST and Keck-AO allows to constrain rest-frame optical photometry independently for the foreground and background systems. Physical parameters (such as stellar and dust masses) are estimated via modelling of the spectral energy distribution taking into account source blending, foreground obscuration, and differential magnification. Results: The system comprises a foreground edge-on disk galaxy (at z_sp=0.218) with an almost complete Einstein ring around it. The background source (at z_sp=1.027) is magnified by a factor of ~8-10 depending on wavelength. It is comprised of two components and a tens of kpc long tidal tail resembling the Antennae merger. As a whole, the system is a massive stellar system (1.32[-0.41,+0.63] x1E11 Mo) forming stars at a rate of 394+-90 Mo/yr, and has a significant gas reservoir M_ISM = 4.6+-1.7 x1E10 Mo. Its depletion time due to star formation alone is thus expected to be tau_SF=M_ISM/SFR=117+-51 Myr. The dynamical mass of one of the components is estimated to be 5.8+-1.7 x1E10 Mo, and, together with the photometric total mass estimate, it implies that H1429-0028 is a major merger system (1:2.8[-1.5,+1.8]).
description: submitted to A&A, 20 pages, 12 figures
Eccentric contractions induce rapid isometric torque drop in dystrophin-deficient dogs
Creators: name: Kornegay, Joe N.
name: Case, Doug
name: Markert, Chad D.
name: Bogan, Daniel J.
name: Tegeler, Christopher J.
name: Childers, Martin K.
name: Grange, Robert W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We tested the hypothesis that eccentric contractions (ECCs) rapidly induce greater-than-normal isometric torque drop in dystrophin-deficient golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) muscles. ECCs were imposed by forcibly stretching activated muscles. The results indicate that isometric torque drop was greater in GRMD versus controls (P < 0.0001). Our findings support the hypothesis that ECCs induce greater-than-normal isometric torque drop in GRMD muscles. The magnitude of ECC-induced isometric torque loss may be an ideal clinical endpoint in the GRMD model.
On bifurcations of area-preserving and non-orientable maps with quadratic homoclinic tangencies
Creators: name: Delshams, Amadeu
name: Gonchenko, Marina
name: Gonchenko, Sergey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study bifurcations of non-orientable area-preserving maps with quadratic homoclinic tangencies. We study the case when the maps are given on non-orientable two-dimensional surfaces. We consider one and two parameter general unfoldings and establish results related to the emergence of elliptic periodic orbits.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
“You are not my boss!”: Managing inter-organizational collaboration in German ground handling operations
Creators: name: Ziehe, Dominique
name: Helfen, Markus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: airports
subject: ground handling
subject: inter-organizational collaboration
subject: organizational networks
subject: practice theory
subject: ramp agents
subject: relational coordination
subject: service delivery networks (SDN)
subject: work organization
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: While inter-organizational coordination among firms in networks has become a widespread phenomenon and the governance of inter-organizational networks has garnered considerable attention in the management literature, the repercussions of the network form for managing and organizing work remain a considerable gap in the literature. Building on Gittell’s concept of relational coordination, we explore the inter-organizational work collaboration in four German airports’ ground handling operations. By zooming-in on ramp agents’ boundary spanning work role, our comparative study illustrates whether and how a collaboration in inter-organizational work processes is brought about in practice. Our findings reveal the various practices ramp agents deploy in order to handle the tensions emerging from divergent organizational jurisdictions and the requirements for collaboration. We also illuminate how the field-level context influences inter-organizational collaboration by setting conditions such as workload and time restrictions in distributed service delivery.
Regulation of the calpain and ubiquitin-proteasome systems in a canine model of muscular dystrophy
Creators: name: Li, Luge
name: Bogan, Dan
name: Kornegay, Joe N.
name: Rodríguez, Jessica E.
name: Patterson, Cam
name: Wadosky, Kristine M.
name: Gonzalez, Jason
name: Min, Jin-na
name: Willis, Monte
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Previous studies have tested the hypothesis that calpain and/or proteasome inhibition is beneficial in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, based largely on evidence that calpain and proteasome activities are enhanced in the mdx mouse.
Einleitung zur Themenausgabe: Mehrfachbeschäftigung in Europa
Creators: name: Conen, Wieteke
name: Schulze Buschoff, Karin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Beschäftigungsstrukturen
subject: Einkommensgruppen
subject: Arbeitsplatzqualität
subject: Mehrfachbeschäftigung
subject: Nebenerwerbstätigkeit
subject: Plattformökonomie
subject: soziale Sicherheit
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: In einer Reihe europäischer Länder ist der eindeutige Trend zu beobachten, dass immer mehr Arbeitnehmer:innen einer Mehrfachbeschäftigung nachgehen. Zum gegenwärtigen Zeitpunkt ist allerdings wenig über die Struktur und die potenziellen Konsequenzen dieser Entwicklung besonders im Hinblick auf die Qualität der Beschäftigung und die soziale Absicherung der Betroffenen bekannt. Diese Ausgabe von Transfer befasst sich mit modernen Formen multipler Arbeitsverhältnisse in Europa. Haben sich Struktur, Natur und Dynamik der Mehrfachbeschäftigung im Laufe der Zeit verändert? Welche Rollen spielen ein flexibler Arbeitsmarkt, der technologische Wandel und die Fragmentierung der Arbeit bei der Entwicklung multipler Arbeitsverhältnisse? Profitieren Mehrfachbeschäftigte von vergleichbaren und adäquaten Beschäftigungsbedingungen, Arbeitsbedingungen und sozialer Absicherung im Vergleich zu Beschäftigten mit nur einem Job, oder sind sie infolge ihrer (fragmentierten) Beschäftigungssituation schlechter gestellt? Welche Konsequenzen ergeben sich daraus für Gewerkschaften, politische Entscheidungsträger und die Regulierung der Arbeit? Die Beiträge dieser Themenausgabe von Transfer ergänzen die vorhandene Fachliteratur über neue Beschäftigungsformen im digitalen Zeitalter und über die damit verbundenen Herausforderungen für den Sozialschutz auch vor dem Hintergrund der Covid-19-Pandemie. Diese Einführung soll die wichtigsten Auseinandersetzungen zum Thema Mehrfachbeschäftigung skizzieren und präsentiert eine Zusammenfassung der Artikel dieser Ausgabe.
Hamster models of COVID-19 pneumonia reviewed: How human can they be?
Creators: name: Gruber, Achim D.
name: Firsching, Theresa C.
name: Trimpert, Jakob
name: Dietert, Kristina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: animal model
subject: COVID-19
subject: hamster
subject: histopathology
subject: review
subject: pathology
subject: preclinical research
subject: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
subject: vaccines
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The dramatic global consequences of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic soon fueled quests for a suitable model that would facilitate the development and testing of therapies and vaccines. In contrast to other rodents, hamsters are naturally susceptible to infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) rapidly developed into a popular model. It recapitulates many characteristic features as seen in patients with a moderate, self-limiting course of the disease such as specific patterns of respiratory tract inflammation, vascular endothelialitis, and age dependence. Among 4 other hamster species examined, the Roborovski dwarf hamster (Phodopus roborovskii) more closely mimics the disease in highly susceptible patients with frequent lethal outcome, including devastating diffuse alveolar damage and coagulopathy. Thus, different hamster species are available to mimic different courses of the wide spectrum of COVID-19 manifestations in humans. On the other hand, fewer diagnostic tools and information on immune functions and molecular pathways are available than in mice, which limits mechanistic studies and inference to humans in several aspects. Still, under pandemic conditions with high pressure on progress in both basic and clinically oriented research, the Syrian hamster has turned into the leading non-transgenic model at an unprecedented pace, currently used in innumerable studies that all aim to combat the impact of the virus with its new variants of concern. As in other models, its strength rests upon a solid understanding of its similarities to and differences from the human disease, which we review here.
H-reflex modulation in the human medial and lateral gastrocnemii during standing and walking
Creators: name: Segal, Richard L.
name: Wolpaw, Jonathan R.
name: Thompson, Aiko K.
name: Makihara, Yukiko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The soleus H-reflex is dynamically modulated during walking. However, modulation of the gastrocnemii H-reflexes has not been studied systematically.
Additional file 1 of Cryoprecipitate transfusion in trauma patients attenuates hyperfibrinolysis and restores normal clot structure and stability: Results from a laboratory sub-study of the FEISTY trial
Creators: name: Morrow, Gael B.
name: Feller, Timea
name: McQuilten, Zoe
name: Wake, Elizabeth
name: Ariëns, Robert A. S.
name: Winearls, James
name: Mutch, Nicola J.
name: Laffan, Mike A.
name: Curry, Nicola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figures.
Incorporation of metabolic activation potentiates cyclophosphamide-induced DNA damage response in isogenic DT40 mutant cells
Creators: name: Nakamura, Jun
name: Takeda, Shunichi
name: Hashimoto, Kiyohiro
name: Swenberg, James A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Elucidating the DNA repair pathways that are activated in the presence of genotoxic agents is critical to understand their modes of action. Although the DT40 cell-based DNA damage response (DDR) assay provides rapid and sensitive results, the assay cannot be used on genotoxic compounds that require metabolic activation to be reactive. Here, we applied the metabolic activation system to a DDR and micronucleus (MN) assays in DT40 cells. Cyclophosphamide (CP), a well-known cross-linking agent requiring metabolic activation, was preincubated with liver S9 fractions. When DT40 cells and mutant cells were exposed to the preactivated CP, CP caused increased cytotoxicity in FANC-, RAD9-, REV3- and RAD18-mutant cells compared to isogenic wild-type cells. We then performed a MN assay on DT40 cells treated with preactivated CP. An increase in the MN was observed in REV3- and FANC-mutant cells at lower concentrations of activated CP than in the parental DT40 cells. These results demonstrated that the incorporation of metabolic preactivation system using S9 fractions significantly potentiates DDR caused by CP in DT40 cells and their mutants. In addition, our data suggest that the metabolic preactivation system for DDR and MN assays has a potential to increase the relevance of this assay to screening various compounds for potential genotoxicity.
Dendritic Polyglycerol Amine: An Enhanced Substrate to Support Long-Term Neural Cell Culture
Creators: name: Clément, Jean-Pierre
name: Al-Alwan, Laila
name: Glasgow, Stephen D.
name: Stolow, Avya
name: Ding, Yi
name: Quevedo Melo, Thaiany
name: Khayachi, Anouar
name: Liu, Yumin
name: Hellmund, Markus
name: Haag, Rainer
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cell survival
subject: cell differentiation
subject: dendritic polyglycerol amine
subject: human iPSCs
subject: neural culture
subject: surface coating
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Long-term stable cell culture is a critical tool to better understand cell function. Most adherent cell culture models require a polymer substrate coating of poly-lysine or poly-ornithine for the cells to adhere and survive. However, polypeptide-based substrates are degraded by proteolysis and it remains a challenge to maintain healthy cell cultures for extended periods of time. Here, we report the development of an enhanced cell culture substrate based on a coating of dendritic polyglycerol amine (dPGA), a non-protein macromolecular biomimetic of poly-lysine, to promote the adhesion and survival of neurons in cell culture. We show that this new polymer coating provides enhanced survival, differentiation and long-term stability for cultures of primary neurons or neurons derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Atomic force microscopy analysis provides evidence that greater nanoscale roughness contributes to the enhanced capacity of dPGA-coated surfaces to support cells in culture. We conclude that dPGA is a cytocompatible, functionally superior, easy to use, low cost and highly stable alternative to poly-cationic polymer cell culture substrate coatings such as poly-lysine and poly-ornithine. Summary statement Here, we describe a novel dendritic polyglycerol amine-based substrate coating, demonstrating superior performance compared to current polymer coatings for long-term culture of primary neurons and neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells.
Electron Spin Dephasing and Optical Pumping of Nuclear Spins in GaN
Creators: name: Wang, G.
name: Zhu, C. R.
name: Liu, B. L.
name: Ye, H.
name: Balocchi, A.
name: Amand, T.
name: Urbaszek, B.
name: Yang, H.
name: Marie, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the donor-bound electron spin dynamics in cubic GaN by time-resolved Kerr rotation experiments. The ensemble electron spin dephasing time in this quantum dot like system characterized by a Bohr radius of 2.5 nm is of the order of 1.5 ns as a result of the interaction with the fluctuating nuclear spins. It increases drastically when an external magnetic field as small as 10 mT is applied. We extract a dispersion of the nuclear hyperfine field δBn $\sim$ 4 mT, in agreement with calculations. We also demonstrate for the first time in GaN based systems the optical pumping of nuclear spin yielding the build-up of a significant nuclear polarization.
Unbowed, unbent, unbroken? Examining the validity of the responsibility to protect
Creators: name: Scherzinger, Johannes
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: intervention
subject: norm validity
subject: quantitative text analysis
subject: R2P
subject: United Nations
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: How has the sentiment around the “responsibility to protect” (R2P) changed over time? Scholars have debated far and wide whether the political norm enjoys widespread discursive acceptance or is on the brink of decline. This article contends that we can use sentiment analysis as an important indicator for norm validity. My analysis provides three crucial insights. First, despite the well-known fear of some scholars, R2P is still frequently invoked in Security Council deliberations on issues of international peace and security. Second, overall levels of affirmative language have remained remarkably stable over time. This finding indicates that R2P is far from being obliterated. Out of 130 states, 4 international organizations (IOs), and 2 non-governmental organizations (NGOs) invoking the norm, 65% maintain a positive net-sentiment. Third, zooming into Libya as a case illustration of a critical juncture, we see some minor tonal shifts from some pivotal member states. Adding the fact that interest constellations within the Permanent Five are heterogeneous concerning the third pillar of R2P, future military interventions, sanctioned under the norm, seem unlikely.
Low muscle strength and increased arterial stiffness go hand in hand
Creators: name: König, Maximilian
name: Buchmann, Nikolaus
name: Seeland, Ute
name: Spira, Dominik
name: Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth
name: Demuth, Ilja
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: muscle strength
subject: arterial stiffness
subject: handgrip
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Low handgrip strength and increased arterial stiffness are both associated with poor health outcomes, but evidence on the relationship between handgrip strength and arterial stiffness is limited. In this cross-sectional analysis of combined baseline datasets from the LipidCardio and Berlin Aging Study II cohorts we aimed to examine whether handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with arterial stiffness. 1511 participants with a median age of 68.56 (IQR 63.13-73.08) years were included. Arterial stiffness was assessed by aortal pulse wave velocity (PWV) with the Mobil-O-Graph device. Handgrip strength was assessed with a handheld dynamometer.The mean HGS was 39.05 +/- 9.07 kg in men and 26.20 +/- 7.47 kg in women. According to multivariable linear regression analysis per 5 kg decrease in handgrip strength there was a mean increase in PWV of 0.08 m/s after adjustment for the confounders age, sex, coronary artery disease, systolic blood pressure, body mass index, cohort, and smoking. Thus, there was evidence that low handgrip strength and increased arterial stiffness go hand in hand. Arterial stiffness can possibly create the missing link between low handgrip strength and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Causality and direction of causality remain to be determined.
Nucleotide excision repair gene polymorphisms, meat intake and colon cancer risk
Creators: name: Steck, Susan E.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Hu, Jennifer J.
name: Antwi, Samuel
name: Keku, Temitope
name: Galanko, Joseph
name: Butler, Lesley M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Much of the DNA damage from colon cancer-related carcinogens, including heterocyclic amines (HCA) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) from red meat cooked at high temperature, are repaired by the nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. Thus, we examined whether NER non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) modified the association between red meat intake and colon cancer risk.
title: Διεθνής διασυνοριακή δυνεργασία στο Δίκτυο Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας της ΕΕ-27 με τρίτες χώρες - Υφιστάμενη κατάσταση και μελλοντικά σχέδια
title: International cross-border cooperation in the Electricity Network of EU-27 with third countries - Current status and future plans
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Καλλιτσάρη, Άννα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ευρωπαϊκό Δίκτυο Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας
subject: Γραμμές ηλεκτρικής διασύνδεσης
subject: Διασυνοριακή συνεργασία
subject: Ηλεκτρική διασύνδεση με τρίτες χώρες

description: Το διασυνοριακό εμπόριο ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας αποτελεί βασική πτυχή της κοινής αγοράς ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας που εγκαθιδρύεται από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (ΕΕ). Η δημιουργία της κοινής αγοράς ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας της ΕΕ ξεκίνησε με την απελευθέρωση των εθνικών τομέων ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας των κρατών-μελών πριν από περισσότερο από δύο δεκαετίες. Στόχος ήταν η μετατροπή μιας μονοπωλιακής και συντηρητικής βιομηχανίας σε μια αποτελεσματική και καινοτόμο αγορά, ανοικτή σε νέους παίκτες, τεχνολογίες και επιχειρηματικά μοντέλα. Η εναρμόνιση των κανόνων της αγοράς ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας απαιτεί ένα συντονισμένο πλαίσιο πολιτικής μεταξύ των κρατών-μελών. Για να διευκολυνθεί η ανάπτυξη κοινών ρυθμίσεων στον τομέα της ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας, δημιουργήθηκαν νέοι θεσμοί για τη ρύθμιση των διασυνοριακών δικτύων και των εθνικών αγορών ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας. Η ανάπτυξη και η εφαρμογή κοινών κανόνων στην αγορά ενθάρρυναν τη δημιουργία μηχανισμών περιφερειακής συνεργασίας και τη διμερή συνεργασία. Η συνεργασία σε επίπεδο ΕΕ στον τομέα της ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας διευκολύνει τον συντονισμό κυρίως μεταξύ των κρατών-μελών, των Εθνικών Ρυθμιστικών Αρχών (ΕΡΑ), των Διαχειριστών Συστημάτων Μεταφοράς (ΔΣΜ) και των μελλοντικών Διαχειριστών Συστημάτων Διανομής (ΔΣΔ). Επίκεντρο της συνεργασίας είναι η εναρμόνιση των εθνικών κανόνων της αγοράς ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας, μέσω νομοθετικών διαδικασιών (π.χ. κανονισμός για την ηλεκτρική ενέργεια ή οδηγία για την ηλεκτρική ενέργεια), τεχνικών κανονισμών μειωμένης εξασφάλισης (κωδικοί δικτύου της ΕΕ) και κοινών αποφάσεων, με τους όρους, τις προϋποθέσεις και τις μεθοδολογίες που υπαγορεύουν οι ΕΡΑ. Πρωταρχικός στόχος είναι η δημιουργία μιας ολοκληρωμένης αγοράς ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας στην ΕΕ. Για την επίτευξη αυτού του στόχου απαιτείται η ενοποίηση του Ευρωπαϊκού δικτύου ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με την εγκατάσταση και αποτελεσματική χρήση διασυνοριακών γραμμών ηλεκτρικής διασύνδεσης των εθνικών δικτύων ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας τόσο μεταξύ των κρατών μελών της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης όσο και με τρίτες χώρες. Στόχος της παρούσας Διπλωματικής Εργασίας είναι η ανάδειξη του οργανωτικού και επιχειρησιακού μοντέλου που υιοθετεί η Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση ως προς τη δημιουργία του Ευρωπαϊκού Δικτύου Ηλεκτρικής Ενέργειας, καθώς και των υφιστάμενων και προωθούμενων σχεδιασμών διασυνοριακής ηλεκτρικής διασυνδεσιμότητας – ειδικά στην Ανατολική και Νοτιοανατολική πλευρά της Ευρώπης (όπου βρίσκονται και τα περισσότερα εκ των νεότερων κρατών μελών της ΕΕ).
Software for the analysis of mutations at the human hprt gene
Creators: name: Cariello, Neal F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: A computerized database containing DNA sequence information regarding human HPRT mutants has been created. The database itself is in the dBASE format and contains information on about 1500 mutants. In addition, an IBM PC compatible software package to analyze the information in the database has been developed. Both the database and software are freely available via the Internet.
Caffeine and human DNA metabolism: the magic and the mystery
Creators: name: Kaufmann, W
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The ability of caffeine to reverse cell cycle checkpoint function and enhance genotoxicity after DNA damage was examined in telomerase-expressing human fibroblasts. Caffeine reversed the ATM-dependent S and G2 checkpoint responses to DNA damage induced by ionizing radiation (IR), as well as the ATR- and Chk1-dependent S checkpoint response to ultraviolet radiation (UVC). Remarkably, under conditions in which IR-induced G2 delay was reversed by caffeine, IR-induced G1 arrest was not. Incubation in caffeine did not increase the percentage of cells entering the S phase 6–8 h after irradiation; ATM-dependent phosphorylation of p53 and transactivation of p21Cip1/Waf1 post-IR were resistant to caffeine. Caffeine alone induced a concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis. It inhibited the entry of human fibroblasts into S phase by 70–80% regardless of the presence or absence of wildtype ATM or p53. Caffeine also enhanced the inhibition of cell proliferation induced by UVC in XP variant fibroblasts. This effect was reversed by expression of DNA polymerase η, indicating that translesion synthesis of UVC-induced pyrimidine dimers by DNA pol η protects human fibroblasts against UVC genotoxic effects even when other DNA repair functions are compromised by caffeine.
Radio emission of tidal disruption events from wind-cloud interaction
Creators: name: Bu, De-Fu
name: Chen, Liang
name: Mou, Guobin
name: Qiao, Erlin
name: Yang, Xiao-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Winds can be launched in tidal disruption event (TDE). It has been proposed that the winds can interact with the cloud surrounding the black hole, produce bow shocks, accelerate electrons, and produce radio emission. We restudy the wind-cloud interaction model. We employ the properties of winds found by the radiation hydrodynamic simulations of super-Eddington circularized accretion flow in TDEs. We can calculate the peak radio emission frequency, the luminosity at the peak frequency, and their time-evolution based on the TDEs wind-cloud interaction model. We find that the model predicted peak radio emission frequency, the luminosity at peak frequency, and their time evolution can be well consistent with those in TDEs AT2019dsg and ASASSN-14li. This indicates that in these two radio TDEs, the wind-cloud interaction mechanism may be responsible for the radio emission.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Epigenetic effects of the continuous exposure to peroxisome proliferator WY-14,643 in mouse liver are dependent upon peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α
Creators: name: Pogribny, Igor P.
name: Tryndyak, Volodymyr P.
name: Witt, Sarah E.
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Woods, Courtney G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Peroxisome proliferators are potent rodent liver carcinogens that act via a non-genotoxic mechanism. The mode of action of these agents in rodent liver includes increased cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis, secondary oxidative stress and other events; however, it is not well understood how peroxisome proliferators are triggering the plethora of the molecular signals leading to cancer. Epigenetic changes have been implicated in the mechanism of liver carcinogenesis by a number of environmental agents. Short-term treatment with peroxisome proliferators and other non-genotoxic carcinogens leads to global and locus-specific DNA hypomethylation in mouse liver, events that were suggested to correlate with a burst of cell proliferation. In the current study, we investigated the effects of long-term exposure to a model peroxisome proliferator WY-14,643 on DNA and histone methylation. Male SV129 mice were fed a control or WY-14,643-containing (1000 ppm) diet for 1 wk, 5 wks or 5 months. Treatment with WY-14,643 led to progressive global hypomethylation of liver DNA as determined by an HpaII-based cytosine extension assay with the maximum effect reaching over 200% at 5 months. Likewise, trimethylation of histone H4 lysine 20 and H3 lysine 9 was significantly decreased at all time points. The majority of cytosine methylation in mammals resides in repetitive DNA sequences. In view of this, we measured the effect of WY-14,643 on the methylation status of major and minor satellites, as well as in IAP, LINE1 and LINE2 elements in liver DNA. Exposure to WY-14,643 resulted in a gradual loss of cytosine methylation in major and minor satellites, IAP, LINE1 and LINE2 elements. The epigenetic changes correlated with the temporal effects of WY-14,643 on cell proliferation rates in liver, but no sustained effect on c-Myc promoter methylation was observed. Finally, WY-14,643 had no effect on DNA and histone methylation status in Pparα-null mice at any of the time points considered in this study. These data indicate the importance of epigenetic alterations in the mechanism of action of peroxisome proliferators and the key role of PPARα.
Eigenstate Thermalization and Representative States on Subsystems
Creators: name: Khemani, Vedika
name: Chandran, Anushya
name: Kim, Hyungwon
name: Sondhi, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quantum system A U B made up of degrees of freedom that can be partitioned into spatially disjoint regions A and B. When the full system is in a pure state in which regions A and B are entangled, the quantum mechanics of region A described without reference to its complement is traditionally assumed to require a reduced density matrix on A. While this is certainly true as an exact matter, we argue that under many interesting circumstances expectation values of typical operators anywhere inside A can be computed from a suitable pure state on A alone, with a controlled error. We use insights from quantum statistical mechanics - specifically the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) - to argue for the existence of such "representative states".