cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatial patterns in the ovigerous Callinectes sapidus spawning migration: results from a coupled behavioral-physical model
Creators: name: Carr, Sarah D.
name: Tankersley, Richard A.
name: Hench, James L.
name: Forward Jr., Richard B.
name: Luettich Jr., Richard A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Ovigerous blue crabs Callinectes sapidus use ebb-tide transport (ETT), a vertical migratory behavior in which crabs ascend into the water column during ebb tides, to migrate from estuarine adult habitats to coastal larval release locations. We have developed a detailed behavioral model of ovigerous blue crab ETT from previous laboratory and field studies and coupled this model to a hydrodynamic model of the Beaufort Inlet region of North Carolina. We have simulated the trajectories of migratory ovigerous crabs in the region and determined spatial patterns in migratory success, migratory speeds, the residence times of crabs in different regions of the estuary, and potential larval-release locations. Highly active crabs can start their migration from almost anywhere in the estuary and reach suitable larval-release locations within a typical 4 d migratory period, whereas crabs with lower activity levels can only reach suitable larval-release locations if they start their migration in the lower-to-mid estuary. Migratory speeds in the estuary range from 8 km d-1. Crabs with lower activity levels are resident in the mid-to-upper estuary for relatively long periods of time, whereas highly active crabs are resident in the lower estuary and coastal ocean for most of the migratory period. Larval release is predicted to occur throughout the estuary and in the coastal ocean within -5 km of Beaufort Inlet. Fisheries managers can use these spatial patterns to determine management strategies (e.g. spatial closures to fishing) that will protect migratory blue crab spawning stock in tidal regions effectively.
title: Le développement de la pensée critique par la pratique du débat réglé portant sur une question socialement vive de développement durable.
title: Le développement de la pensée critique par la pratique du débat réglé portant sur une question socialement vive de développement durable.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dumont, Charlotte
name: Yagchi, Joe-Alexy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Attitudes
subject: capacités
subject: débat réglé
subject: développement durable
subject: loup
subject: milieu naturel
subject: pensée critique
subject: question socialement vive
subject: réintroduction

description: Notre étude s’est intéressée au développement de la pensée critique par la pratique du débat argumentatif en classe chez des élèves de 2H et de 6H. Les différents débats menés ont porté sur la question de la réintroduction du loup en Suisse. Notre question de recherche s’est ainsi posée : est-ce que le débat argumentatif, portant sur une question socialement vive de développement durable, a pu faire progresser les élèves dans l’exercice de la réflexion et de l’argumentation ? En d'autres termes, nous avons souhaité connaître le potentiel de cette pratique discursive dans la construction d'arguments et d'idées chez les élèves et dans quelle mesure elle les a aidés à prendre position et à changer de perspective. L’évolution de la pensée critique a été mesurée quantitativement et qualitativement : combien de fois la parole a été prise, pour quelles raisons et de quelles manières. Une liste élaborée par R. H. Ennis (1987) a servi d’ancrage théorique pour guider l’analyse. Elle présente les capacités propres à la pensée critique et les attitudes caractéristiques de la pensée critique. Chacune des dimensions contient par ailleurs différents critères dont quatre ont été retenus. Deux de ces critères sont la formulation de jugements de valeur ainsi que l’interaction avec les autres personnes en présentant une argumentation. Ils ont trait aux capacités propres à cette forme de pensée. L’expression d’une ouverture d’esprit et la prise en considération des sentiments d’autrui, les deux autres, se réfèrent aux attitudes. L’hypothèse de départ, mentionnant que la pratique du débat réglé portant sur une question socialement vive de développement durable permet de développer la pensée critique des élèves, a pu être validée. Néanmoins, nous avons pu observer certaines nuances en fonction des résultats obtenus, les données évoluant différemment selon les critères d’observation, les situations et les élèves.
Behavioural mechanisms underlying functional response of sea stars Asterias vulgaris preying on juvenile sea scallops Placopecten magellanicus
Creators: name: Dowd, Michael
name: Wong, Melisa C.
name: Barbeau, Myriam A.
name: Richard, K. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The functional response characterises the relationship between prey density and the consumption rate of individual predators. Typically, it is studied by fitting a model to observations of predation rate at different prey densities. The behavioural mechanisms underlying a functional response are not well understood, and estimates of model parameters seldom conform to observations of behaviour. We have developed a mechanistic approach that directly incorporates behavioural observations into characterisation of the functional response. Laboratory experiments were used to record predation rates and observe foraging behaviour of sea stars Asterias vulgaris preying on juvenile sea scallops Placopecten magellanicus at different densities. Experiments were conducted in tanks with no sediment and tanks with sediment. Behavioural data from the experiments were used to calculate parameters of functional response models Th (handling time per prey) and a (rate of successful search). On both substrates, Th remained constant across prey density, while a was density-dependent. An inverse quadratic was used to describe a and was incorporated into a functional response model. Estimates of a were also obtained by fitting the functional response model to the predation rate data using regression analysis. These estimates of a were highly consistent with the estimates calculated from behavioural data. On both substrates, sea stars preying on scallops had a Type III sigmoid-shaped functional response; on sediment, predation rate decreased at high prey densities. Sea star ability to capture attacked prey was probably the mechanism underlying the observed responses. In general, behavioural information can lead to better understanding of observed functional responses. © Inter-Research 2006.
(2710) Mary Katherine Bashforth
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Algebraic Quantum Codes: Linking Quantum Mechanics and Discrete Mathematics
Creators: name: Grassl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general framework of quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) as a subspace of a complex Hilbert space and the corresponding error models. Then we illustrate how QECCs can be constructed using techniques from algebraic coding theory. Additionally, we discuss secondary constructions for QECCs, leading to propagation rules for the parameters of QECCs.
description: 19 pages; written for both mathematicians and physicists
Scattering of Nucleons in the Classical Skyrme Model
Creators: name: Foster, David
name: Manton, Nicholas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classically spinning B=1 Skyrmions can be regarded as approximations to nucleons with quantised spin. Here, we investigate nucleon-nucleon scattering through numerical collisions of spinning Skyrmions. We identify the dineutron/diproton and dibaryon short-lived resonance states, and also the stable deuteron state. Our simulations lead to predictions for the polarisation states occurring in right angle scattering. Videos of our numerical results are shown at http://www.bristoltheory.org/people/david.foster/skyrmevideos/.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
How humans transmit language: Supplementary Material. A model for language internalisation and transmission. from How humans transmit language: horizontal transmission matches word frequencies among peers on Twitter
Creators: name: Bryden, John
name: Wright, Shaun P.
name: Jansen, Vincent A. A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Language transmission, the passing on of language features such as words between people, is the process of inheritance that underlies linguistic evolution. To understand how language transmission works, we need a mechanistic understanding based on empirical evidence of lasting change of language usage. Here, we analysed 200 million online conversations to investigate transmission between individuals. We find that frequency of word usage is inherited over conversations, not just the binary presence or the absence of a word in a person's lexicon. We propose a mechanism for transmission whereby for each word someone encounters there is a chance they will use it more often. Using this mechanism, we measure that for one word in around every hundred someone encounters, they will use that word more frequently. As more commonly used words are encountered more often, this means that it is the frequencies of words which are copied. Beyond this, our measurements indicate that this per-encounter mechanism is neutral and applies without any further distinction as to whether a word encountered in a conversation is commonly used or not. An important consequence of this is that frequencies of many words can be used in concert to observe and measure language transmission, and our results confirm this. These results indicate that our mechanism for transmission can be used to study language patterns and evolution within populations.
Rainbow Crossings: Gay Irish Migrants and LGBT Politics in 1980s London
Creators: name: Leeworthy, Daryl
Publisher: name: Studi irlandesi. A Journal of Irish Studies
Year: 2020

description: This article explores the involvement of Irish activists in the LGBT civil rights movement in 1980s London. At its core is a reconsideration of Mark Ashton, the charismatic figurehead of Lesbians and Gays Support the Miners (LGSM) as portrayed in the 2014 film Pride. Despite Ashton’s Northern Irish background, very little attention has been paid to his Irishness: scholarship has tended to focus on the 1984-1985 British miners’ strike instead. Here, I set Ashton alongside two other activists – Paud Hegarty, the manager of the Gay’s the Word Bookshop, and the playwright Colm Ó Clúbhán – to suggest that the role of migrants in gay life and grassroots politics in London in the 1980s was not a coincidence but rather suggestive of the transnational character of the LGBT civil rights movement.
description: Studi irlandesi. A Journal of Irish Studies, Vol. 10 No. 10 (2020): "Minorities in/and Ireland"
Supplementary Information for 'The narrow gap between norms and cooperative behaviour in a reindeer herding community'.
Creators: name: Thomas, Matthew Gwynfryn
name: Bård-Jørgen Bårdsen
name: Næss, Marius Warg
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Cooperation evolves on social networks and is shaped, in part, by norms: beliefs and expectations about the behaviour of others or of oneself. Networks of cooperative social partners and associated norms are vital for pastoralists, such as Saami reindeer herders in northern Norway. However, little is known quantitatively about how norms structure pastoralists' social networks or shape cooperation. Saami herders reported their social networks and participated in field experiments, allowing us to gauge the overlap between reported and emergent cooperation. We show that individuals' perceptions of reciprocal cooperation within their social networks exceeded actual reciprocity, although both occurred frequently and were concentrated within herding groups. Herders with more extensive cooperation networks received more rewards in an economic game. Although herders overestimated reciprocal helping, cooperation in this community was still extensive, suggesting that perceived norms potentially allow network structures promoting cooperation to emerge and be maintained.
Complications of a non-native oyster introduction: facilitation of a local parasite
Creators: name: Bishop, Melanie J.
name: Carnegie, Ryan B.
name: Burreson, Eugene M.
name: Peterson, Charles H.
name: Stokes, Nancy A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: ABSTRACT: Among the risks of introducing non-native species to novel environments is the possibility that the non-native might serve as a reservoir for enzootic pathogens formerly at low abundance. The recent identification of Bonamia sp. in previously uninfected non-native Suminoe oysters deployed to Bogue Sound, Morehead City, North Carolina, USA, raises serious concerns about the oyster’s ability to act as a reservoir for the parasite, not formerly known along the east coast of the USA. To assess the current distribution of the Bonamia sp. parasite and its environmental tolerances, non-reproductive triploid Suminoe oysters, certified as uninfected, were deployed at 5 high salinity sites across North Carolina, chosen because of their similarity to the Bogue Sound site, and along a salinity gradient radiating from Morehead City Port, at which the parasite is known to occur. Screening of 2 oyster cohorts failed to detect the Bonamia sp. parasite beyond the immediate vicinity of Morehead City port. At the port, infection was almost entirely confined to small (
(2704) Johannes Petrus Kuenen
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Techniques for cetaceanhabitat modeling
Creators: name: Becker, E. A.
name: Halpin, P.
name: Baumgartner, M. F.
name: Werner, F.
name: Forney, K. A.
name: Pershing, A. J.
name: Barlow, J.
name: Read, A.
name: Torres, L.
name: Fauchald, P.
name: Ferguson, M. C.
name: Redfern, J. V.
name: Hyrenbach, K. D.
name: Kaschner, K.
name: Ballance, L. T.
name: Reilly, S. B.
name: Hamazaki, T.
name: Qian, S. S.
name: Good, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Cetacean-habitat modeling, although still in the early stages of development, represents a potentially powerful tool for predicting cetacean distributions and understanding the ecological processes determining these distributions. Marine ecosystems vary temporally on diel to decadal scales and spatially on scales from several meters to 1000s of kilometers. Many cetacean species are wide-ranging and respond to this variability by changes in distribution patterns. Cetacean-habitat models have already been used to incorporate this variability into management applications, including improvement of abundance estimates, development of marine protected areas, and understanding cetacean-fisheries interactions. We present a review of the development of cetacean-habitat models, organized according to the primary steps involved in the modeling process. Topics covered include purposes for which cetacean-habitat models are developed, scale issues in marine ecosystems, cetacean and habitat data collection, descriptive and statistical modeling techniques, model selection, and model evaluation. To date, descriptive statistical techniques have been used to explore cetacean-habitat relationships for selected species in specific areas; the numbers of species and geographic areas examined using computationally intensive statistic modeling techniques are considerably less, and the development of models to test specific hypotheses about the ecological processes determining cetacean distributions has just begun. Future directions in cetacean-habitat modeling span a wide range of possibilities, from development of basic modeling techniques to addressing important ecological questions.
Classical to quantum correspondence in dissipative directed transport
Creators: name: Carlo, Gabriel G.
name: Rivas, Alejandro M. F.
name: Spina, Maria E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the quantum and classical properties of the (Quantum) Isoperiodic Stable Structures -- (Q)ISSs -- which organize the parameter space of a paradigmatic dissipative ratchet model, i.e. the dissipative modified kicked rotator. We study the spectral behavior of the corresponding classical Perron-Frobenius operators with thermal noise and the quantum superoperators without it for small $\hbar_{\rm eff}$ values. We find a remarkable similarity between the classical and quantum spectra. This finding significantly extends previous results -- obtained for the mean currents and asymptotic distributions only -- and on the other hand unveils a classical to quantum correspondence mechanism where the classical noise is qualitatively different from the quantum one. This is crucial not only for simple attractors but also for chaotic ones, where just analyzing the asymptotic distribution reveals insufficient. Moreover, we provide with a detailed characterization of relevant eigenvectors by means of the corresponding Weyl-Wigner distributions, in order to better identify similarities and differences. Finally, this model being generic, it allows us to conjecture that this classical to quantum correspondence mechanism is a universal feature of dissipative systems.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Coming Out, Queer Sex, and Heteronormativity in two Irish-language Novels
Creators: name: Mac Risteaird, Seán
Publisher: name: Studi irlandesi. A Journal of Irish Studies
Year: 2020

description: It has been nearly 30 years since Teresa de Lauretis coined the term “Queer Theory” in a special edition of Differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies (1991). Since then, Queer Theory has evolved and changed, becoming an interdisciplinary in-vogue “methodology” that questions the subversive and the different.The social, cultural, and literary landscape of Ireland has also changed in those 30 years, a country that was once seen as a place where “homosexuality has occupied an uncomfortable place” (Conrad 2001, 124). This paper will discuss the literary texts of two Irish-language writers, Micheál Ó Conghaile and Pádraig Standún, who both reflect these shifts in attitudes in contemporary modern Ireland. Both writers unpack public and private expressions of identity, sex, and heteronormativity in their work. Bringing bold new themes to a language that was once perceived to be linked to nationalism and the Catholic Church, both Ó Conghaile and Standún engage with queer themes in their literary works, which have largely gone unnoticed by English language critics. This paper will seek to flesh out how these Irish-language writers spoke to, and for, a community within a community and for a minority within a minority. Discussing both Sna Fir (1999) (Amongst Men)1 and Cion Mná (1993) (A Woman’s Love), I will explore how queer identity has intersected with Irish-language literature and will question how these texts interact with broader cultural phenomena such as coming out, queer sex, and heteronormativity.
description: Studi irlandesi. A Journal of Irish Studies, Vol. 10 No. 10 (2020): "Minorities in/and Ireland"
Perturbation theory of the quadratic Lotka-Volterra double center
Creators: name: Françoise, Jean-Pierre
name: Gavrilov, Lubomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C05, 37F75, 34M35

description: We revisit the bifurcation theory of the Lotka-Volterra quadratic system \begin{eqnarray} X_0 :\left\{\begin{aligned} \dot{x}=& - y -x^2+y^2 ,\\ \dot{y}= &\;\;\;\;x - 2xy \end{aligned} \right. \end{eqnarray} with respect to arbitrary quadratic deformations. The system $X_0$ has a double center, which is moreover isochronous. We show that the deformed system $X_0$ can have at most two limit cycles on the finite plane, with possible distribution $(i,j)$, where $i+j\leq2$. Our approach is based on the study of pairs of bifurcation functions associated to the centers, expressed in terms of iterated path integrals of length two.
description: 40 pages
Supplementary Information for 'The narrow gap between norms and cooperative behaviour in a reindeer herding community'
Creators: name: Thomas, Matthew Gwynfryn
name: Bård-Jørgen Bårdsen
name: Næss, Marius Warg
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary Information for 'The narrow gap between norms and cooperative behaviour in a reindeer herding community'
Can I Write About It Yet?: The Influence of Politics on Literary Representations of Lesbians in Irish Women’s Writing
Creators: name: Charczun, Anna
Publisher: name: Studi irlandesi. A Journal of Irish Studies
Year: 2020

description: The paper explores how lesbian representation evolves in a specifically Irish context. It examines selected texts of Mary Dorcey and Emma Donoghue, who were the leading lesbian authors of the last decade of the twentieth century, and whose writing entered Irish lesbian writing into a new stage of referring to lesbian desire in an open manner, thus entering lesbian fiction into the canon of Irish literature. The article analyses Dorcey’s and Donoghue’s lesbian works in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, as well as the political atmosphere and the religious secularity of the Republic of Ireland, which prevented these works from coming out sooner, and whose characters are not only openly lesbian, but also occupy central spaces of their respective narratives.
description: Studi irlandesi. A Journal of Irish Studies, Vol. 10 No. 10 (2020): "Minorities in/and Ireland"
XRD images from Orientation-dependent structural and photocatalytic properties of LaCoO3 epitaxial nano-thin films.
Creators: name: Zhang, Yan-Ping
name: Liu, Hai-Feng
name: Hu, Hai-Long
name: Rui-Shi Xie
name: Ma, Guo-Hua
name: Huo, Ji-Chuan
name: Wang, Hai-Bin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: XRD patter of LCO powder and LCO on (100)Si, and ω-scans of LAO substrates
Linking behavioural ecology and oceanography: larval behaviour determines growth, mortality and dispersal
Creators: name: Jørgensen, Christian
name: Vikebø, Frode
name: Huse, Geir
name: Kristiansen, Trond
name: Fiksen, Øyvind
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: ABSTRACT: Highly resolved general circulation models (GCMs) now generate realistic flow fields, and have revealed how sensitive larval drift routes are to vertical positioning in the water column. Sensible representation of behavioural processes then becomes essential to generate reliable patterns of environmental exposure (growth and survival), larval drift trajectories and dispersal. Existing individual-based models involving larval fish allow individuals to vary only in their attributes such as spatial coordinates, and not in their inherited behavioural strategies or phenotypes. We illustrate the interaction between short-term behaviour and longer-term dispersal consequences applying a model of larval cod Gadus morhua drifting in a GCM, and show how variations in swimming behaviour influence growth and dispersal. We recommend a deep integration of oceanography and behavioural ecology. First, we need to understand the causes and survival value of behaviours of larval fish, framed in terms of behavioural ecology. Second, we need practices to address how drift and dispersal of offspring are generating spawning strategies (timing and location) of adults, using life history theory. Third, the relative importance of local growth and mortality versus the need to drift to particular areas depend strongly on the mobility of organisms at the time of settling, or the spatial fitnesslandscape. The field of ‘individual-based ecology’ provides sound methods to approach this interface between evolutionary theory and physical oceanography.
(2706) Samuel Arthur Wicksteed
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Improved rates for prediction and identification of partially observed linear dynamical systems
Creators: name: Lee, Holden
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Identification of a linear time-invariant dynamical system from partial observations is a fundamental problem in control theory. Particularly challenging are systems exhibiting long-term memory. A natural question is how learn such systems with non-asymptotic statistical rates depending on the inherent dimensionality (order) $d$ of the system, rather than on the possibly much larger memory length. We propose an algorithm that given a single trajectory of length $T$ with gaussian observation noise, learns the system with a near-optimal rate of $\widetilde O\left(\sqrt\frac{d}{T}\right)$ in $\mathcal{H}_2$ error, with only logarithmic, rather than polynomial dependence on memory length. We also give bounds under process noise and improved bounds for learning a realization of the system. Our algorithm is based on multi-scale low-rank approximation: SVD applied to Hankel matrices of geometrically increasing sizes. Our analysis relies on careful application of concentration bounds on the Fourier domain -- we give sharper concentration bounds for sample covariance of correlated inputs and for $\mathcal H_\infty$ norm estimation, which may be of independent interest.
description: 30 pages
Co-occurrence of dinoflagellate and cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms in southwest Florida coastal waters: dual nutrient (N and P) input controls
Creators: name: Joyner, Alan R.
name: Paerl, Hans W.
name: Joyner, Jennifer J.
name: Arthur, Karen
name: O'Neil, Judith M.
name: Heil, Cynthia A.
name: Paul, Valerie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: ABSTRACT: During July 2006, 2 distinctly different harmful algal blooms (HABs), one dominated by the pelagic red tide dinoflagellates Karenia spp. and the other by the benthic cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula, occurred simultaneously in the coastal embayments surrounding Sanibel and Captiva Islands, Florida, USA. The co-occurring HABs were investigated using in situ bioassays with additions of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) alone and in combination to assess nutrient controls of these ‘dueling’ toxin-producing species. Photosynthetic, biomass (chlorophyll a), and (in L. majuscula) nitrogen fixation responses to nutrient enrichment were examined over 4 d. Primary productivity in Karenia spp. was consistently stimulated by N additions, while P additions failed to show stimulation. When added in combination with N, P did not lead to additional stimulation above N alone. Similar patterns of chlorophyll a stimulation were observed. These patterns were observed at 2 d, after which the cells fell out of suspension. Nutrient stimulation of L. majuscula metabolic activities as well as biomass production was smaller and much slower, relative to controls, than responses observed in Karenia spp. After the demise of Karenia spp., L. majuscula was able to continue utilizing subsequent nutrient additions, and it responded most strongly to the N+P additions after 4 d. This study confirms previous estuarine and coastal studies that indicated that when non-N₂-fixing HABs co-occur with N₂-fixing cyanobacterial HAB species, both N and P inputs need to be carefully considered and, in all likelihood, controlled.
Scanning electron microscopy images from Orientation-dependent structural and photocatalytic properties of LaCoO3 epitaxial nano-thin films.
Creators: name: Zhang, Yan-Ping
name: Liu, Hai-Feng
name: Hu, Hai-Long
name: Rui-Shi Xie
name: Ma, Guo-Hua
name: Huo, Ji-Chuan
name: Wang, Hai-Bin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: The surface morphology of LCO films
Holographic microscopy reconstruction in both object and image half spaces with undistorted 3D grid
Creators: name: Verrier, Nicolas
name: Alexandre, Danier
name: Tessier, Gilles
name: Gross, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an holographic microscopy reconstruction method, which propagates the hologram, in the object half space, in the vicinity of the object. The calibration yields reconstructions with an undistorted reconstruction grid i.e. with orthogonal $x$, $y$ and $z$ axis and constant pixels pitch. The method is validated with an USAF target imaged by a $\times$60 microscope objective, whose holograms are recorded and reconstructed for different USAF locations along the longitudinal axis: -75 to +75 $μ$m. Since the reconstruction numerical phase mask, the reference phase curvature and MO form an afocal device, the reconstruction can be interpreted as occurring equivalently in the object or in image half space.
Predictive Network Configuration with Hierarchical Spectral Clustering for Software Defined Vehicles
Creators: name: Laclau, Pierre
name: Bonnet, Stéphane
name: Ducourthial, Bertrand
name: Li, Xiaoting
name: Lin, Trista
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing connectivity and autonomy of vehicles has led to a growing need for dynamic and real-time adjustments to software and network configurations. Software Defined Vehicles (SDV) have emerged as a potential solution to adapt to changing user needs with continuous updates and onboard reconfigurations to offer infotainment, connected, and background services such as cooperative driving. However, network configuration management in SDVs remains a significant challenge, particularly in the context of shared Ethernet-based in-vehicle networks. Traditional worst-case static configuration methods cannot efficiently allocate network resources while ensuring Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees for each network flow within the physical topology capabilities. In this work, we propose a configuration generation methodology that addresses these limitations by dynamically switching between pre-computed offboard configurations downloaded to the vehicle. Simulation results are presented and future work is discussed.
Random quantum circuits anti-concentrate in log depth
Creators: name: Dalzell, Alexander M.
name: Hunter-Jones, Nicholas
name: Brandão, Fernando G. S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum circuits consisting of randomly chosen two-local gates and study the number of gates needed for the distribution over measurement outcomes for typical circuit instances to be anti-concentrated, roughly meaning that the probability mass is not too concentrated on a small number of measurement outcomes. Understanding the conditions for anti-concentration is important for determining which quantum circuits are difficult to simulate classically, as anti-concentration has been in some cases an ingredient of mathematical arguments that simulation is hard and in other cases a necessary condition for easy simulation. Our definition of anti-concentration is that the expected collision probability, that is, the probability that two independently drawn outcomes will agree, is only a constant factor larger than if the distribution were uniform. We show that when the 2-local gates are each drawn from the Haar measure (or any two-design), at least $Ω(n \log(n))$ gates (and thus $Ω(\log(n))$ circuit depth) are needed for this condition to be met on an $n$ qudit circuit. In both the case where the gates are nearest-neighbor on a 1D ring and the case where gates are long-range, we show $O(n \log(n))$ gates are also sufficient, and we precisely compute the optimal constant prefactor for the $n \log(n)$. The technique we employ relies upon a mapping from the expected collision probability to the partition function of an Ising-like classical statistical mechanical model, which we manage to bound using stochastic and combinatorial techniques.
description: 46 pages, 7 figures. v2: Reformatted, fixed typos, added figure 3
Electron-beam evaporated cobalt films on molecular beam epitaxy prepared GaAs(001)
Creators: name: Ding, Z.
name: Thibado, P. M.
name: Awo-Affouda, C.
name: LaBella, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have deposited Co films on the GaAs(001) surface by using an e-beam evaporation method. The thicknesses of the Co films are measured by using x-ray reflectivity and Rutherford backscattering. The magnetic properties of the films have been measured using superconducting quantum interference device. The magnetization of the films was found to decrease with increasing film thickness. The slight degradation of magnetic properties is attributed to increasing roughness on the Co surface or the Co/GaAs interface during the Co deposition.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
West Nile Virus Epidemic in Germany Triggered by Epizootic Emergence, 2019
Creators: name: Ziegler, Ute
name: Santos, Pauline Dianne
name: Groschup, Martin H.
name: Hattendorf, Carolin
name: Eiden, Martin
name: Höper, Dirk
name: Eisermann, Philip
name: Keller, Markus
name: Michel, Friederike
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Müller, Kerstin
name: Werner, Doreen
name: Kampen, Helge
name: Beer, Martin
name: Frank, Christina
name: Lachmann, Raskit
name: Tews, Birke Andrea
name: Wylezich, Claudia
name: Rinder, Monika
name: Lachmann, Lars
name: Grünewald, Thomas
name: Szentiks, Claudia A.
name: Sieg, Michael
name: Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas
name: Cadar, Daniel
name: Lühken, Renke
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: West Nile virus
subject: Germany
subject: epizooty
subject: epidemic
subject: human
subject: bird
subject: horses
subject: mosquitoes
subject: transmission risk
subject: zoonoses
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: One year after the first autochthonous transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) to birds and horses in Germany, an epizootic emergence of WNV was again observed in 2019. The number of infected birds and horses was considerably higher compared to 2018 (12 birds, two horses), resulting in the observation of the first WNV epidemy in Germany: 76 cases in birds, 36 in horses and five confirmed mosquito-borne, autochthonous human cases. We demonstrated that Germany experienced several WNV introduction events and that strains of a distinct group (Eastern German WNV clade), which was introduced to Germany as a single introduction event, dominated mosquito, birds, horse and human-related virus variants in 2018 and 2019. Virus strains in this clade are characterized by a specific-Lys2114Arg mutation, which might lead to an increase in viral fitness. Extraordinary high temperatures in 2018/2019 allowed a low extrinsic incubation period (EIP), which drove the epizootic emergence and, in the end, most likely triggered the 2019 epidemic. Spatiotemporal EIP values correlated with the geographical WNV incidence. This study highlights the risk of a further spread in Germany in the next years with additional human WNV infections. Thus, surveillance of birds is essential to provide an early epidemic warning and thus, initiate targeted control measures.
Individual-based modeling of feeding ecology and prey selection of larval cod on Georges Bank
Creators: name: Kristiansen, Trond
name: Werner, Francisco E.
name: Lough, R. Gregory
name: Buckley, Larry J.
name: Broughton, Elisabeth A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Understanding larval fish survival dynamics is essential to determining variability in future adult population structure. Realistic modeling of larval fish feeding ecology depends on incorporating both the biotic and abiotic conditions that affect predator–prey interactions. We used an individual-based model (IBM) to test which variables drive Atlantic larval cod Gadus morhua feeding preferences. The IBM included a bioenergetics component that incorporated metabolic parameters and growth and a mechanistic prey selection component that depended on larval development and behavior, prey size and behavior, depth, light, and physical oceanographic conditions. We applied our model to Georges Bank and incorporated high-resolution field data on environmental conditions and prey abundance to analyze larval cod feeding ecology. Based on simulated selectivity indices, we found that cod prey selection was determined by differential encounter of prey due to the abundance of suitably sized prey, their visibility, and larval cod ability to capture these prey items. The model suggested that Pseudocalanus spp. were the dominant prey species for larval cod because of their abundance in the water column and their large image area. Centropages spp. were also modeled to be an important part of larval diet, but no copepodite stages of this taxon were found in gut samples. Lack of Centropages spp. in the gut samples indicated that they are more elusive in their behavior than Pseudocalanus spp. Overall our results suggest larval cod feeding ecology on Georges Bank is a consequence of the physical and biological conditions rather than active prey selection.
(2702) Annie Rebecca Wickstead
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: AR (design+fabrication): AR-assisted Design and Robotic Fabrication Framework for Parametric Masonry Structures
Creators: name: Song, Yang
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: Digital technologies enable the digital continuum from design to production, yet there are still certain practical limitations. Under the trends of architectural digitalisation and the rapid development of immersive media device technology, augmented reality (AR) and its unique characteristics are expected to have the ability to integrate with parametric thinking to optimise conventional digital design and fabrication processes.

After combining the possibility of the above-emerging fields and analysing the corresponding research values, I proposed my practice-based research aim to explore AR technology for investigating and formulating a framework of digital architectural design and robotic fabrication in an immersive and interactive manner. This comprehensive framework encompasses various crucial aspects, including parametric design, design feedback, robotic fabrication, and human-robot collaboration, in the AR environment to provide optimised solutions for today's design and construction methods, closely following the trends of the times and current technological developments.

This study adopted an experimental research strategy and validated the proposed framework with parametric masonry structure experiments from design to fabrication phases. Not only did I validate this framework with masonry structures, but also my framework has the potential to be developed and promoted in-depth for other architectural materialities and proposals, which bridges the practical constraints between conventional design and construction in a novel way.

My research is significant as it contributes to knowledge in AR, parametric design, robotic fabrication, and their combinations in architectural aspects. The research findings illustrate how AR technology can be employed to build up a design-to-fabrication framework to enrich the current methods following the trends of digitalisation in architecture. These achieved findings are rooted in both theoretical underpinnings and practical experimentation, thus enhancing the understanding of AR-assisted design and robotic fabrication knowledge, and helping architectural practitioners in the practice of the AR-assisted design-to-fabrication framework. At the same time, my findings from the literature review and the practice-based experiments analysed the merits and limitations of this research and made a summary of the applicable to users with different scenarios. The unique contribution of my research not only lies in investigating and verifying the AR-assisted design-to-fabrication framework, but also in providing a list of recommendations and future direction suggestions for other people to take forward in the future, as well as the speculation of future horizons in architectural digitalisation.
XRD images from Orientation-dependent structural and photocatalytic properties of LaCoO3 epitaxial nano-thin films
Creators: name: Zhang, Yan-Ping
name: Liu, Hai-Feng
name: Hu, Hai-Long
name: Rui-Shi Xie
name: Ma, Guo-Hua
name: Huo, Ji-Chuan
name: Wang, Hai-Bin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: XRD patter of LCO powder and LCO on (100)Si, and ω-scans of LAO substrates
MultiCapCLIP: Auto-Encoding Prompts for Zero-Shot Multilingual Visual Captioning
Creators: name: Yang, Bang
name: Liu, Fenglin
name: Wu, Xian
name: Wang, Yaowei
name: Sun, Xu
name: Zou, Yuexian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supervised visual captioning models typically require a large scale of images or videos paired with descriptions in a specific language (i.e., the vision-caption pairs) for training. However, collecting and labeling large-scale datasets is time-consuming and expensive for many scenarios and languages. Therefore, sufficient labeled pairs are usually not available. To deal with the label shortage problem, we present a simple yet effective zero-shot approach MultiCapCLIP that can generate visual captions for different scenarios and languages without any labeled vision-caption pairs of downstream datasets. In the training stage, MultiCapCLIP only requires text data for input. Then it conducts two main steps: 1) retrieving concept prompts that preserve the corresponding domain knowledge of new scenarios; 2) auto-encoding the prompts to learn writing styles to output captions in a desired language. In the testing stage, MultiCapCLIP instead takes visual data as input directly to retrieve the concept prompts to generate the final visual descriptions. The extensive experiments on image and video captioning across four benchmarks and four languages (i.e., English, Chinese, German, and French) confirm the effectiveness of our approach. Compared with state-of-the-art zero-shot and weakly-supervised methods, our method achieves 4.8% and 21.5% absolute improvements in terms of BLEU@4 and CIDEr metrics. Our code is available at https://github.com/yangbang18/MultiCapCLIP.
description: ACL'2023, 13 pages, 4 figures