cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asymmetrasca cienka Dworakowska 1982, n. comb.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca cienka

description: Asymmetrasca cienka (Dworakowska, 1982), n. comb., new record from China
(Figs 1–2, 82–85)
Empoasca (Empoasca) cienka Dworakowska, 1982: 45
Specimens examined. China: Hubei Prov.: 1♂, Lianghekou, Fangxian, 1.viii.2001, coll. Zhiqiang He; Sichuan Prov.: 1♂, Mt. Qingcheng, 8.vii.2005, coll. Lin Lu; Xinjiang Prov.: 1♂, Yili, 19–20.viii. 1979, 700 m, coll. Tong Chen; Shaanxi Prov.: 3♂♂, Yangling, vii.1986, coll. Yalin Zhang; Hunan Prov.: 1♂, Mt. Mang, Chenzhou, 31.vii.1985; 5♂♂, Mt. Heng, 10.viii.1985, all coll. Yalin Zhang & Yonghui Chai; 3♂♂, Yacheng,, 14.v.1983, coll. Yalin Zhang; 1♂, Mt. Tianping, Sangzhi,, 12.viii. 2001, 1250 m; Henan Prov.: 2♂♂, Mt. Jigong, 11.vii. 1997, coll. Jian Hu, light trap; Shandong Prov.: 1♂, Mt. Kunyu, Yantai, 10.vii. 2001, 900 m, coll. Daozheng Qin & Zhenjiang Liu.
Distribution. China (Hubei, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Shaanxi, Hainan, Hunan, Henan, Shandong), Korea. Host. Arbutus (Ericaceae).
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on page 329, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca cisiana Dworakowska 1971, n. comb.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca cisiana

description: Asymmetrasca cisiana (Dworakowska, 1971), n. comb.
Empoasca cisiana Dworakowska, 1971: 509
Distribution. China (Guangdong: "Tsin-ien, 100 km W of Canton" [from original description]) Note. This species is known only from the male holotype, which was not available for study.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on page 329, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca dahaituoensis Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca dahaituoensis

description: Asymmetrasca dahaituoensis, Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
(Figs 3–12, 86–89)
Type materials. China: holotype ♂, Hebei Prov.: Dahaituo, Chicheng, 7.viii. 2006, coll. Yani Duan; paratypes: 2♂♂, same data as holotype. All in NWAFU.
Length: ♂ 2.8 mm.
Ground colour of body yellow-greenish (Fig. 89). Crown with light green patch on each side of coronal suture (Fig. 86). Eyes black-brown. Pronotum with irregular patches on anterior margin of pronotum and under eyes. Forewing and hind wing semitransparent. Abdomen yellow. Legs pale yellow (Fig. 88).
Ventral abdominal apodemes parallel-sided, reaching segment 5 (Fig. 5). Male pygofer in lateral view with posterior margin broadly rounded, 15 stout setae along posterior margin (Fig. 3); pygofer appendage curved posterodorsad following posterior margin of pygofer (Fig. 4). Anal hook well-developed, with numerous apical papillae (Fig. 10). Subgenital plate in lateral view, curved gradually caudodorsad apically, not expanded apically; with numerous macrosetae and fine setae somewhat irregular; setal group A with 3 long stout setae and group B with 24–26 short microsetae on apical half (Fig. 12). Paramere with 5 teeth on dentifer, 7 setae subapically, apex nearly straight in lateral view, curved laterad in ventral view (Fig. 11). Connective broad, posterior margin medially emarginate (Fig. 7). Aedeagal shaft well sclerotized, preatrium long and straight, nearly as long as shaft; dorsal apodeme well developed; shaft somewhat sinuate in lateral view, with several denticuli dorsally; distal process nearly straight in posterior view, apex not expanded, without teeth, bent slightly ventrad at tip (Figs 8, 9).
Etymology. The species name is derived from the type locality, Dahaituo, in Hebei Province.
Diagnosis. This new species is similar to Empoasca sakaii Dworakowska, 1982, but differs in having the apex of the aedeagal process narrow rather than expanded apically and the preatrium relatively long and narrow in lateral view.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on page 330, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca decedens Paoli 1932
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca decedens

description: Asymmetrasca decedens (Paoli, 1932), reinstated comb., new record from China
(Figs 13–20, 90–93)
Empoasca decedens Paoli, 1932: 117; Dworakowska, 1970: 275; Dworakowska, 1971: 508; Dworakowska, 1973: 56 Asymmetrasca decedens (Paoli); Dlabola, 1958: 52
Specimens examined. China: Shaanxi Prov.: 1♂, Liuba, 10.vii.1980; 1♂, Wugong, vii.1979; 1♂, Chenggu, 3.v.1980; 1♂, Yanan, 17.vi.1987; 1♂, Qinling Station, 8.v.1980; 1♂, Wutai, Zhouzhi, 25.vi.1980; 1♂, Zhenba, 28.vi.1980; all coll. Ning Ma.
Distribution. China (Shaanxi), North Korea, Russia, Italy, Egypt, France, Cyprus, Iraq, Palestine, France, Slovakia.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on page 331, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca helica Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca helica

description: Asymmetrasca helica, Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
(Figs 21–29, 94–97)
Type materials. China: holotype ♂, Zhejiang Prov.: Mt. Tianmu, 8.viii.2007, coll. Xinmin Zhang; paratypes: 2♂♂, same data as holotype. All in NWAFU.
Length: ♂ 3.2 mm–3.3 mm.
General color of body yellow-greenish (Fig. 97). Crown yellowish, with some obvious green markings on each side of coronal suture (Fig. 94). Eyes black. Pronotum broad, with irregular patches of cream-yellowish on anterior margin. Scutoscutellar sulcus beige. Lateral parts of scutellum with cream-yellowish triangular spots. Forewing and hind wing semitransparent. Abdomen yellow. Legs pale yellow to yellow (Fig. 96).
Ventral abdominal apodemes subparallel-sided, reaching segment 5 (Fig. 23). Male pygofer in lateral view slightly narrowing caudad (Fig. 21); pygofer appendage slightly curved along margin of lobe in lateral view (Fig. 22). Anal hook well-developed, papillose apically (Fig. 26). Subgenital plate with ventral margin curved dorsally in nearly half apical part, sinuate, with numerous macrosetae and fine setae somewhat irregularly arranged; setal group A with 3 stout setae; group B with 17–23 short microsetae, group C with three rows of macrosetae, group D arranged irregularly, lateral side with some slim setae (Fig. 29). Paramere long, subapically curved, dentifer with 5 teeth, 4–6 setae present subapically (Fig. 28). Connective broad, with posterior margin shallowly emarginate medially (Fig. 27). Aedeagus with preatrium nearly as long as shaft, slightly sinuate in lateral view; dorsal apodeme nearly as long as preatrium; shaft nearly straight, without dorsal denticuli; distal process elongate, slender, strongly and evenly curved throughout length, forming semicircle in posterior view; apex slender, without teeth (Figs 24, 25).
Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Greek word " helix " meaning "curl" and refers to the strongly curved aedeagal appendage.
Diagnosis. This species is similar to A. kaicola Dworakowska, 1982, but differs from the latter in having the aedeagal shaft straight and the apical process evenly curved and tapered distally.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on pages 331-333, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca hypercurvata Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca hypercurvata

description: Asymmetrasca hypercurvata, Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
(Figs 30–37, 98–100)
Type specimens. China: holotype ♂, Fujian Prov.: Huanggang, Mt. Wuyi, 16.viii. 2008, 780 m, coll. Xia Gao & Xiaoting Li; paratypes: 1♂, same data as holotype; 2♂♂, Zhejiang Prov.: Qingliangfeng, Lin’an, 6.viii.2008, 1100 m, coll. Daozheng Qin. All in NWAFU.
Length: ♂ 3.0 mm–3.1 mm.
General color of body yellow-greenish (Fig. 100). Crown yellowish, with dark green markings on each side of coronal suture obvious (Fig. 98). Eyes black. Pronotum broad, with irregular patches of cream-yellowish on anterior margin. Lateral parts of scutellum with cream-yellowish triangular spots. Forewing and hind wing semitransparent. Abdomen yellow. Legs pale yellow to pale green (Fig. 99).
Ventral abdominal apodemes subparallel-sided, reaching midlength of segment 5 (Fig. 32). Male pygofer in lateral view slightly narrowing caudad, ornamented with 7–9 stout setae on each side of pygofer lobe (Fig. 30); pygofer appendage slightly arched dorsocaudad, not exceeding caudal margin of lobe in lateral view. Anal tube process well developed, rugose apically (Fig. 31). Subgenital plate in lateral view curved gradually caudodorsad apically, tapering to rounded apex; with numerous macrosetae and fine setae somewhat irregularly scattered; setae group A with 3 stout setae, group B with 16–22 short microsetae, group C with three rows of macrosetae, group D arranged in single row through most of length, irregular at base and apex (Fig. 37). Paramere long, subapically curved, dentifer with 5 teeth, 4–6 setae present subapically (Fig. 36). Connective broad, with posterior margin deeply emarginate medially (Fig. 35). Aedeagus with preatrium long, straight; dorsal apodeme obsolete; shaft irregularly sinuate and slender, slightly tapered, without dorsal denticuli; apical process long, slightly curved, apex expanded and distinctly bifid (Figs 33–34).
Etymology. The specific epithet was formed by combining the Greek prefix " hyper -" meaning "above" with the Latin " curvus ", meaning curve and refers to the overlap of the aedeagal appendage with the shaft in lateral view.
Diagnosis. This species is similar to A. decedens Paoli, 1932, but differs from the latter in having the aedeagus with a longer process that overlaps the shaft in lateral view and has the apex bifid.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on pages 333-334, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca kaicola Dworakowska 1982, n. comb.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca kaicola

description: Asymmetrasca kaicola (Dworakowska, 1982), n. comb.
(Figs 38–39, 101–104)
Empoasca (Empoasca) kaicola Dworakowska, 1982: 46
syn. nov.
Specimens examined. China: Shaanxi Prov.: 1♂, Weinan, 31.viii.1980, coll. Shaoyou Liu; 1♂, Dali, 3.ix.1980, coll. Shaoyou Liu; 5♂♂, Yangling, vii.1986, coll. Yalin Zhang; 1♂, Xixiang, 9.vii.2001, coll. Daozheng Qin; Shandong Prov.: 1♂, Mt. Kunyu, Yantai, 10.vii.2001, coll. Daozheng Qin & Zhenjiang Liu; 4♂♂, Mt. Meng, Mengyin, 23.vii.2001, coll. Daozheng Qin & Zhenjiang Liu; Hunan Prov.: 3♂♂, Chenzhou, 11.viii.1985, coll. Yalin Zhang; Hainan Prov.: 1♂, Lingshui, 6.v.1983, coll. Yalin Zhang, light trap; 2♂♂, Jianfengling, 19.v.1983, coll. Yalin Zhang.
Distribution. China (Henan [type locality], Shaanxi, Shangdong, Hunan, Hainan), Japan.
Host. Gossypium (Malvaceae), Phaseolus (Fabaceae), Cinnamomum camphora (Lauraceae).
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on pages 334-335, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca liaoensis Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca liaoensis

description: Asymmetrasca liaoensis, Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
(Figs 40–46, 105–108)
Type materials. China: holotype ♂, Liaoning Prov.: Beiling Park, Shenyang, 8.viii.2009, coll. Daozheng Qin; paratypes: 2♂♂, same data as holotype. All in NWAFU.
Length: ♂ 2.9 mm–3.0 mm.
General color of body yellow-greenish (Fig. 108). Crown yellowish, with obvious olive markings on each side of coronal suture (Fig. 105). Pronotum broad, with irregular patches of yellow-greenish on anterior margin. Lateral parts of scutellum with cream-yellowish triangular spots. Forewing and hind wing semitransparent. Abdomen yellow. Legs pale yellow to pale green (Fig. 107).
Abdominal apodemes subparallel-sided, reaching midlength of segment 5 (Fig. 41). Male pygofer slightly narrowing caudad, ornamented with 7 rigid setae on each side of pygofer lobe (Fig. 40); pygofer appendage slightly curved, not exceeding caudal margin of lobe in lateral view. Subgenital plate in lateral view curved gradually caudodorsad apically, expanded apically; group A with 4 moderately long setae; group B with 21 short microsetae, group C arranged in two rows of macrosetae, from medial margin to apical margin of inner side, group D irregular, with most setae short except near apex (Fig. 46). Paramere long, subapically curved, dentifer with 5 teeth; 3–6 setae present preapically (Fig. 45). Connective broad, with posterior margin slightly emarginate medially (Fig. 42). Aedeagus with preatrium nearly as long as shaft, very broad in lateral view; dorsal apodeme relatively small; shaft somewhat sinuate, without dorsal denticuli; apical process slender, nearly straight, apex weakly bifurcated (Figs 43, 44).
Etymology. The specific epithet is based on the province, Liaoning, where the holotype was collected Diagnosis. This species is similar to A. lutowa Dworakowska, 1971, but differs in the much broader preatrium and nearly straight aedeagal process.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on pages 335-336, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca lutowa Dworakowska 1971, n. comb.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca lutowa

description: Asymmetrasca lutowa (Dworakowska, 1971), n. comb.
(Figs 47–48, 109–111)
Empoasca lutowa Dworakowska, 1971: 508; Chou & Ma, 1981: 195
Empoasca (Empoasca) lutowa, Dworakowska, 1982: 44; Zhang, Liu & Qin, 2008: 66
Specimens examined. China: Shaanxi Prov.: 1♂, Houhe, Yangling, 2.vi.1980, coll. Ning Ma; Zhejiang Prov.: 1♂, Wukengling, Baizushan, 13.viii. 2003, 567 m, light trap, coll. Wu Dai.
Distribution. China (Shaanxi, Zhejiang), Korea [type locality].
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on page 336, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca mona Dworakowska 1994, n. comb.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca mona

description: Asymmetrasca mona (Dworakowska, 1994), n. comb.
(Figs 49–50, 112–115)
Empoasca (Empoasca) mona Dworakowska, 1994: 101
Specimen examined. China: Yunnan Prov.: 1♂, Xinzhuxiang, Judian, Lijiang, 5.xi.1999, 2300 m, coll. I. Dworakawska.
Distribution. China (Yunnan), India (Sikkim [type locality]).
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on pages 336-337, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca nipponica Dworakowska 1982, n. comb.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca nipponica

description: Asymmetrasca nipponica (Dworakowska, 1982), n. comb.
Empoasca (Empoasca) nipponica Dworakowska, 1982: 46
Distribution. Japan (Honshu).
Note. This species is known only from the type series from Kyoto, Japan. Specimens were not examined for this study.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on page 337, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca reflexilis Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca reflexilis

description: Asymmetrasca reflexilis, Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
(Figs 51–60, 116–118)
Type materials. China: holotype ♂, Sichuan Prov., Mianning, 8.vi.1999, coll. I. Dworakowska; paratypes: 4♂♂, Sichuan Prov., Mianning, 8.vi.1999, coll. Daozheng Qin. All in NWAFU.
Length: ♂ 3.2 mm–3.4 mm.
Ground colour of body yellowish (Fig. 118). Crown with light green patch on each side of coronal suture (Fig. 116). Eyes brown. Pronotum with irregular patches on anterior margin of pronotum and under eyes. Forewing and hind wing semitransparent. Abdomen light yellow. Legs light green to yellow-greenish (Fig. 117).
Ventral abdominal apodemes well developed, reaching midlength of segment 5, parallel-sided to broadly rounded apices (Fig. 58). Male pygofer slightly narrowing caudad, with a few rigid setae on caudal-dorsal angle (Fig. 51); ventral pygofer appendage tapering, slightly curved, not exceeding lobe margin (Fig. 52). Anal appendage solid, with numerous serrations apically (Fig. 53). Subgenital plate in lateral view, curved gradually caudodorsad apically, tapering to rounded apex; with numerous macrosetae and fine setae somewhat irregularly scattered; dorsolateral margin group A with 5 long stout setae, group B with 24–26 short microsetae on apical 2/3 (Fig. 60), group C double near base, with a single row of macrosetae distally, group D irregular with numerous elongate setae. Paramere with 6–7 teeth on dentifer, several setae subapically (Fig. 59). Connective broad, with anterior margin slightly emarginated medially (Fig. 54). Aedeagus with preatrium straight, longer than shaft; dorsal apodeme well developed; shaft in lateral view curved dorsad, with ventral notch adjacent to gonopore, without dorsal denticuli; apical process elongate, slender, strongly curved, apex tapered and serrate (Figs 55, 56).
Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the Latin " reflexus " meaning "turned back" and refers to the reflexed aedeagal process.
Diagnosis. The new species is similar to A. kaicola Dworakowska, 1982, but can be distinguished by the strongly curved aedeagal appendage lacking an apical bifurcation.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on pages 337-338, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca uncus Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca uncus

description: Asymmetrasca uncus, Liu and Zhang, sp. nov.
(Figs 65–74, 127–130)
Type materials. China: holotype ♂, Fujian Prov.: Tongmucun, Wuyi, 3.viii.2009, coll. Yanghui Cao; paratypes: 2♂♂, same data as holotype; Fujian Prov.: 2♂♂, Sangang, 9.vii.1984, coll. Zhixin Cui; Guizhou Prov.: 1♂, Huaxi, 25.vii.2001, coll. Qiang Sun, light trap. All in NWAFU.
Length: ♂ 3.5 mm–3.6 mm.
Ground colour of body gray green (Fig. 130). Crown with light green patch on each side of coronal suture (Fig. 127). Eyes brown. Pronotum with irregular patches on anterior margin of pronotum and under eyes. Forewing smoky, hind wing hyaline. Abdomen yellow. Legs pale yellow to green (Fig. 129).
Ventral abdominal apodemes subparallel-sided, reaching midlength of segment 5 (Fig. 67). Male pygofer in lateral view with posterior margin broadly rounded, ornamented with 15 rigid setae on each side of pygofer lobe (Fig. 65); pygofer appendage not exceeding pygofer margin, tapering to apex (Fig. 68). Anal appendage swollen at base, narrowing to apex, with numerous papillae apically (Fig. 71). Subgenital plate in lateral view, curved gradually caudodorsad apically, expanded apically; with numerous macrosetae and fine setae distributed somewhat irregularly; group A with 4 long stout setae subbasally, group B with 19 short microsetae on apical half, group C double near base, with single row of macrosetae distally, group D irregular with numerous elongate setae (Fig. 74). Paramere with 3 teeth on dentifer, 7 setae subapically (Fig. 73). Connective broad, anterior margin concave, strongly sclerotized along mid-line (Fig. 72). Aedeagus with preatrium well developed, shorter and broader than shaft; dorsal apodeme well developed; shaft in lateral view nearly straight, tapered, without dorsal denticuli; apical process strongly and evenly curved, apex expanded and slightly bifid (Figs 69, 70).
Etymology. The specific epithet is based on the Latin " uncus " meaning "hook" and refers to the hooklike apical aedeagal process.
Diagnosis. The new species is similar to Empoasca cienka Dworakowska, 1982, but differs in its long hooklike apical aedeagal process.
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on pages 340-341, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Asymmetrasca uniprossicae Sohi 1977, n. comb.
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Fletcher, Murray J.
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
name: Zhang, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Asymmetrasca
Asymmetrasca uniprossicae

description: Asymmetrasca uniprossicae (Sohi, 1977), n. comb.
(Figs 75–81, 131–134)
Empoasca uniprossicae Sohi, 1977: 359
Specimens examined. China: Sichuan Prov.: 2♂♂, Moxi, Luding, 4.xi.1999, 1600 m, coll. Daozheng Qin. Distribution. China (Sichuan), India [type locality].
Host. Cannabis sativa, Indian hemp (Cannabaceae).
description: Published as part of Liu, Yang, Fletcher, Murray J., Dietrich, Christopher H. & Zhang, Ya-Lin, 2014, New species and records of Asymmetrasca (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Empoascini) from China and name changes in Empoasca (Matsumurasca), pp. 327-350 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on page 341, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/227248
Leptothrips Hood 1909
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips

description: Leptothrips Hood
Leptothrips Hood, 1909: 249. Type species Cryptothrips aspersus Hinds 1902, by monotypy; synonym of Phloeothrips mali Fitch.
Members of this genus share character states with other Phlaeothripinae species in the Tribe Haplothripini (Mound & Minaei 2007): antennae usually 8-segmented; head usually with maxillary bridge present; prosternum with paired basantra (praepectal plates); fore wings usually slightly constricted medially. From other Haplothripini the genus is distinguished by the presence of longitudinally striate sculpture on the metanotum (Figs 25–30). Prior to this study a total of 38 species were listed in this genus (ThripsWiki 2017), but nine of these species are here placed into synonymy. Moreover, a recently described species, based on a single male specimen, L. texcosensis Johansen- Naime et al. (2017), is here recognised as a species of Haplothrips. It shares with two other species that also were described as members of Leptothrips Group Primarius (see discussion above) the presence of equiangular reticulate sculpture on the metanotum. This species is thus referred to as Haplothrips texcosensis Johansen-Naime et al. comb.n.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on pages 305-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Leptothrips cassiae Watson
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips
Leptothrips cassiae

description: Leptothrips cassiae (Watson)
Haplothrips cassiae Watson, 1920: 23
Known only from Florida, this is one of the species that lacks transverse striae medially on the pronotum. Johansen (1987) placed cassiae in his “ Group Obesus ” and thus distinguished it from mali on the basis of the claimed differences in the shape of the tube discussed and illustrated above. Almost no structural difference has been detected between specimens identified as cassiae from Southeastern USA, and specimens identified as oribates from Southwestern USA. These two species have the mesonotal transverse striae (Fig. 1) more widely spaced than in mali. However, a single female (in ERMR) from Venezuela has been studied that has the mesonotum closely striate but otherwise shares the character states of cassiae.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Leptothrips distalis Hood
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips
Leptothrips distalis

description: Leptothrips distalis (Hood)
Haplothrips distalis Hood, 1925: 103.
Zygothrips californicus Mason, 1926: 156. Synonymy in Cott, 1956: 101. Leptothrips pristinus Johansen, 1987: 33. Syn. n.
This is another member of the genus known only from the western States. It is one of the few species in the genus with a small tooth on the inner margin of the fore tarsus, but is distinguished from two other species with this structure by the presence of several duplicated cilia on the fore wing. The pronotum bears transverse striae, the pronotal mid-lateral setae are present as in fasciculatus, but the mesonotum is closely striate in contrast to that species (Fig. 28). Cott (1956: 103) indicated that distalis had been found breeding in large numbers on a species of Atriplex at Firebaugh (near Fresno) in California. He stated that the plants were severely damaged by this thrips, and made no reference to the possibility that it might be predatory. Johansen described pristinus from Baja California, and distinguished it because of the presence on antennal segment IV of a small accessory sense cone on the external margin. However, as discussed above, the presence of these minute sensilla coeloconica appears to be unstable in some species, and examination of a paratype of pristinus (in USNM) suggests that this species cannot be distinguished satisfactorily from distalis.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 307, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Leptothrips fasciculatus
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips
Leptothrips fasciculatus

description: Leptothrips fasciculatus (Crawford DL)
Phyllothrips fasciculata Crawford DL, 1909: 105.
Phyllothrips fasciculata var. stenoceps Crawford DL, 1909: 108. Anthothrips nigricornis Jones, 1912: 17.
Haplothrips jonesi Karny, 1912: 344. Replacement name for nigricornis Jones, a homonym of nigricornis Bagnall, 1910. Leptothrips russelli Morgan, 1913: 39.
Described from both sexes on Eriogonum fasciculatum [Polygonaceae] at Claremont, California, this species is known to breed in the flowers of this plant with no evidence that it is predatory (Wiesenborn 2012). Specimens have also been studied from Nevada and Arizona. Despite sharing with purpuratus the presence of a fore tarsal tooth and the absence of duplicated wing cilia, the pronotum of fasciculatus has no prominent sculpture lines but has well-developed mid-lateral setae (Fig. 22). Moreover, the sculpture lines on the mesonotum are not closely spaced, but form an almost reticulate pattern (Fig. 28). The fore tarsal tooth of males is considerably larger than that of females.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 307, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Leptothrips heliomanes Hood 1927
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips
Leptothrips heliomanes

description: Leptothrips heliomanes Hood
Leptothrips heliomanes Hood, 1927a: 202.
Described from an unspecified number of both sexes taken from an unknown plant near Palm Springs, California, a Lectotype was designated for this species by Pitkin (1978: 282). The number of major sense cones on antennal segment IV was stated by Johansen (1987: 78) to be three plus a minor one. However, re-examination of the lectotype and seven specimens bearing the same data has confirmed that all of them bear four sensilla basiconica (= major sense cones) on this segment. In May, 2015, heliomanes was found in large numbers at Big Morongo Canyon, 50 miles east of Riverside. It was breeding on grasses in association with unidentified mites. Adults collected at the same site but on the leaves of Prosopis trees have shorter antennae with only three sense cones on segment IV and possibly represent papago. Series of heliomanes typically have few or no duplicated cilia on the fore wing, but individuals sometimes have up to 6 cilia on one but not on both fore wings. Moreover, the duplicated cilia on some wings are unusually slender. Samples sometimes include individuals with three major sense cones on segment IV, and if such individuals were collected alone they would be identified as either papago or primigenus, depending on the presence or absence of duplicated cilia. Despite this, judging from the many specimens in ERMR, it appears that heliomanes is a valid species and probably the Western version of the Eastern species mali.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 307, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Leptothrips larreae Hood 1939
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips
Leptothrips larreae

description: Leptothrips larreae Hood
Leptothrips larreae Hood, 1939: 207.
Described from Arizona, with paratypes from California, all associated with Larrea tridentata [Zygophyllaceae], this species probably feeds on mites within cecidomyiid galls on this plant (Wiesenborn 2015). More than 100 slide mounted specimens from Larrea have been studied (from ERMR), mainly collected in California. When the head is truly horizontal, the compound eyes are clearly longer ventrally than dorsally (but see caveat above). The postocular setae are short, 20–25 microns in length, scarcely reaching the posterior margin of the eye. The number of duplicated cilia on the fore wing is variable within any given population, with bilateral asymmetry in the number being common. At least 10% of adults have no duplicated cilia on one or both fore wings. Antennal segment IV usually has three sense cones, but a very few specimens have been seen with only two on one antenna. Moreover, the small ancillary sense cone (= sensillum coeloconicum) on the external margin of segment IV is present in most examined specimens, but cannot be seen on one or both antennae of a substantial minority of specimens. Despite this variation, the specimens from Larrea consistently have antennal segments III and IV rather short, and antennal segment III with no sense cone. However, not all Leptothrips individuals collected from Larrea are identifiable as larreae. Three specimens from Larrea at Banning, California, have a sense cone on antennal segment III, and antennal segments III+IV more than 160 microns long; the two females have four sense cones on segment IV but the male only three, and the number of duplicated cilia varies from 1 to 4 on these three specimens.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 308, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Leptothrips macroocellatus Watson
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips
Leptothrips macroocellatus

description: Leptothrips macroocellatus Watson
Leptothrips aspersus macro -ocellatus Watson, 1913: 148. Leptothrips confusus Johansen, 1987: 89. Syn. n.
The Code of Zoological Nomenclature (http://www.iczn.org/iczn/index.jsp) specifies that a hyphen should be deleted from any compound name, except where the first of the two names is a single letter. Watson described this species from an unspecified number of specimens taken from orange leaves at Gainesville, Florida, in January, 1913. Johansen (1987: 93) stated that he had designated a Lectotype of macroocellatus, but no such specimen has been found in either USNM or FSAC. The only slides found that bear original data are in FSAC, and these include two larvae and six adults, of which only one has an antenna. Based on these specimens, this species is interpreted as having sculpture lines on the pronotum posteriorly and laterally but not medially (Fig. 21), and in having antennal segment IV with three sense cones. Moreover, the external margin of segment IV bears a small ancillary sense cone (= sensillum coeloconicum), although this is not always visible. The compound eyes are large, but the extent to which they are longer ventrally than dorsally depends on the orientation of the head on slide mounted specimens. Samples of this species have been studied (in ERMR) from Florida (Orlando) and South Carolina (Colleton Cty), also (in USNM) from Ft Garland (Colorado). However, a few unidentified specimens mentioned by Mound et al. (2016) that were collected from Jatropha curcas at Chiapas, Mexico can now be identified as this species, together with 50 specimens representing both sexes collected by Francisco Infante in March and April, 2014, at various sites in the Southern parts of Chiapas State. The species confusus was based on a single female from Homestead, Florida (in USNM), and placed in a key between mali and macroocellatus. This specimen was distinguished from macroocellatus because it has the eyes scarcely prolonged ventrally and the major setae rather shorter.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 310, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Liothrips mcconelli Crawford
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Liothrips
Liothrips mcconelli

description: Liothrips mcconelli Crawford DL
Liothrips mcconelli Crawford DL, 1910: 163.
Leptothrips primigenus Johansen, 1987: 72. Syn. n.
Although at one time placed as a synonym of mali, the presence of only three major sense cones (sensilla basiconica) on the fourth antennal segment distinguishes this species. It was collected and described by Crawford from four females and four males taken in Guadalajara, Mexico. From these specimens Johansen (1987) designated a female lectotype (in California Academy of Sciences), and listed many specimens of the species from Mexico and also a few in USA from Utah, Idaho and California. He then described primigenus from a single female taken at Yosemite, California, distinguishing it because antennal segment IV of the holotype lacks a small ancillary sense cone (= sensillum coeloconicum) on the external surface. This five micron long ancillary sense cone is present on most of the 150 specimens (in ERMR) that are here identified as mcconelli, although it is certainly absent on both antennae of a few of them, and mcconelli is here interpreted as a common species in California. It is distinguished from larreae by the presence of a sense cone on antennal segment III, and the greater length, 130 microns, of antennal segments III+IV, and distinguished from mali by the presence on segment IV of three not four major sense cones (sensilla basiconica). However, the number of fore wing duplicated cilia is variable amongst the specimens examined. For example, in a series of 14 individuals taken from Sycamore at Riverside (30.vi.1958) the number varies from 0 to 7, two of these specimens have no duplicated cilia on either wing, and one male has antennal segment IV with four sense cones. As indicated above, character state variation amongst the five species, heliomanes, larreae, mali, mcconelli and papago is very confusing, with the occasional individual intermediate in structure between two or more of these. Specimens identified as mcconelli have been studied from Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Texas, and Utah from various plants, particularly tree species in the genera Acer, Alnus, Fraxinus, Prunus, and Quercus.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 311, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Leptothrips occidentalis Johansen 1987
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips
Leptothrips occidentalis

description: Leptothrips occidentalis Johansen
Leptothrips occidentalis Johansen, 1987: 59.
This species remains known only from the original specimens: two females and one male collected at Bridgeland, Utah. It is remarkable for the long and deeply retracted maxillary stylets that are close together medially in the head (Fig. 5). Despite this, the species is similar to heliomanes in having the pronotum with particularly strong transverse striae, and the fore wing lacking duplicated cilia.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 311, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Leptothrips opimus Johansen 1987
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips
Leptothrips opimus

description: Leptothrips opimus Johansen
Leptothrips opimus Johansen, 1987: 43.
This species is based on a single female that is labelled “ Colorado, Allenspark, Pine, 1950”. The specimen is slidemounted in Clarite, and as a result it is crushed and distorted, with crumpled wings, and the sense cones eroded and faint. The pronotum has strong transverse striae at least on the anterior third, the mesonotum is transversely striate, the basal pores of four major sense cones are visible on antennal segment IV, but the head is too distorted to decide if the eyes are prolonged ventrally. Antennal segment II is asymmetric and presumably aberrant (Fig. 6), and the specimen is possibly a deformed individual of heliomanes.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 311, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558
Leptothrips oribates Hood 1939
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence
name: O'Donnell, Cheryle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Phlaeothripidae
Leptothrips
Leptothrips oribates

description: Leptothrips oribates Hood
Leptothrips oribates Hood, 1939: 205.
Leptothrips oregonensis Hood, 1939:213; Synonymised by O’Neill, 1972: 272. Leptothrips brevicapitis Johansen, 1987: 52. Syn. n.
Described from Colorado, Arizona and New Mexico, with one synonym from Oregon, specimens of this species have also been seen from Nevada and California. It is closely associated with species of Pinus, and has been taken several times from immature pine cones. It is distinguished from pini, with which it shares this host association, by the presence on antennal segment IV of four sense cones. Both species lack pronotal sculpture and have the fore wings pale at the base, but the available distribution records suggest that they are adapted to rather different ecological conditions, with pini mainly from the Florida area, but oribates from the Western states. Johansen described brevicapitis from a few specimens associated with Pinus from California and Arizona. He stated that these specimens have the eyes prolonged ventrally, in contrast to those of oribates. However, the difference between the dorsal and ventral surfaces in the holotype (see Fig. 73 in Johansen, 1987) is trivial, and involves a difference of no more than the diameter of a single ommatidium. The extent to which the eyes are longer ventrally than dorsally in the available specimens of oribates is here interpreted as being associated with the orientation of the head in slide-mounted specimens (see discussion above). More than 40 specimens of oribates have been studied from various sites in California (in ERMR); two of these were noted to have only three sense cones on segment IV of one antenna (but not on both), and in all of them segment IV lacked a small ancillary sense cone (= sensillum coeloconicum) on the external surface.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence & O'Donnell, Cheryle, 2017, Predation, phytophagy and character state confusion among North American species of the genus Leptothrips (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripinae), pp. 301-315 in Zootaxa 4294 (3) on page 312, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4294.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/832558