cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 27063.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.01.1985, erstellt von Hans Ulrich Keller
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit den statistischen Angaben, für die Werte g, f sowie Gr (Anzahl g) und darüber hinaus einer Spalte für A: mit Hilfe eines korrekt-reduzierenden optischen Filters von blossem Auge sichtbare Flecken
Supplementary Figure 1. from A Laurasian origin for a pantropical bird radiation is supported by genomic and fossil data (Aves: Coraciiformes)
Creators: name: McCullough, Jenna M.
name: Moyle, Robert G.
name: Smith, Brian T.
name: Andersen, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Maximum likelihood topology from the concatenated, partitioned RAxML analysis of the 90% complete dataset of Coraciiformes and their outgroups with 1000 bootstraps. Dots represent bootstrap support: black circles indicate ≥ 95%, grey circles indicate ≥ 75–≤ 94%, and white indicate ≤ 74% bootstrap support.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 27232.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 15.10.1985, erstellt von Hans Ulrich Keller
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit den statistischen Angaben, für die Werte g, f sowie Gr (Anzahl g) und darüber hinaus einer Spalte für A: mit Hilfe eines korrekt-reduzierenden optischen Filters von blossem Auge sichtbare Flecken
(103578) Kathleen Ellison Oliver
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
“I want your kidney!” Information seeking, sharing, and disclosure when soliciting a kidney donor online
Creators: name: Costello, Kaitlin Light
name: Murillo, Angela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Objective This study investigates how people use the Internet to search for an altruistic kidney donor. Although many opinion pieces on this phenomenon have been written, this is the first qualitative study focused on online kidney solicitation from the potential recipient’s point of view. Methods Eight participants – four who successfully found donors and four who were still searching – were interviewed, and inductive content analysis was performed. Results Three themes appear in our data: choosing to go online to find a donor, information hubs, and information flow. These themes emphasize the process of information seeking and disclosure when using the Internet to find an altruistic kidney donor. Conclusion The benefits from searching online are not limited to the possibility of finding a kidney donor. Our participants also experience a wide variety of socially supportive activities from their online networks. Additionally, our participants felt that the potential benefits of finding a donor online outweighed risks to their privacy. Practice implications Not all potential recipients will find a kidney donor online. Participants indicated that through sharing educational information, staying positive, and actively maintaining their online solicitation efforts they received numerous social benefits even if they did not find a kidney donor.
(103584) Dennis Woodward
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A mid-infrared Mueller ellipsometer with pseudo-achromatic optical elements
Creators: name: Garcia-Caurel, E.
name: Lizana, A.
name: Ndong, G.
name: Al-Bugami, B.
name: Bernon, C.
name: Al-Qahtani, E.
name: Rengnez, F.
name: De Martino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this article is to present a new broadband Mueller ellipsometer designed to work in the mid-infrared range, from 3 to 14 microns. The Mueller ellipsometer, which can be mounted in reflection or in transmission configuration, consists of a polarization state generator (PSG), a sample holder, and a polarization state analyzer (PSA). The PSG consists in one linear polarizer and a retarder sequentially rotated to generate a set of four optimal polarization states. The retarder consists in a bi-prism made of two identical Fresnel rhombs disposed symmetrically and joined by optical contact, giving the ensemble a "V" shape. Retardation is induced by the four total internal reflections that the beam undergoes when it propagates through the bi-prism. Total internal reflection allows to generate a quasi-achromatic retardation. The PSA is identical to the PSG, but with its optical elements mounted in reverse order. After a measurement run, the instrument yields a set of sixteen independent values, which is the minimum amount of data required to calculate the Mueller matrix of the sample. The design of the Mueller ellipsometer is based on the optimization of an objective criterion that allows minimizing the propagation of errors from raw data to the Mueller matrix of the sample. The pseudo-achromatic optical elements ensure a homogeneous quality of the measurements for all wavelengths. The performance of the Mueller ellipsometer in terms of precision, and accuracy, is discussed and illustrated with a few examples.
Exploring dark matter microphysics with galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Escudero, Miguel
name: Mena, Olga
name: Vincent, Aaron C.
name: Wilkinson, Ryan J.
name: Boehm, Celine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use present cosmological observations and forecasts of future experiments to illustrate the power of large-scale structure (LSS) surveys in probing dark matter (DM) microphysics and unveiling potential deviations from the standard $Λ$CDM scenario. To quantify this statement, we focus on an extension of $Λ$CDM with DM-neutrino scattering, which leaves a distinctive imprint on the angular and matter power spectra. After finding that future CMB experiments (such as COrE+) will not significantly improve the constraints set by the Planck satellite, we show that the next generation of galaxy clustering surveys (such as DESI) could play a leading role in constraining alternative cosmologies and even have the potential to make a discovery. Typically we find that DESI would be an order of magnitude more sensitive to DM interactions than Planck, thus probing effects that until now have only been accessible via $N$-body simulations.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables. v2: refined DESI forecast technique, added contour plot for p-wave constraints and forecast. v3: corrected typo in H0 values in Tables II and III for the s-wave interaction
Supplementary Figure 9. from A Laurasian origin for a pantropical bird radiation is supported by genomic and fossil data (Aves: Coraciiformes).
Creators: name: McCullough, Jenna M.
name: Moyle, Robert G.
name: Smith, Brian T.
name: Andersen, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Time-calibrated maximum clade credibility tree showing species level relationships of Coraciiformes based on 500 ultraconserved elements, fossil calibrations, and maximum likelihood topology constraints. Nodes are highly supported unless indicated otherwise. Node ages were estimated in BEAST with three fossil calibrations (Table S2), indicated by circles at nodes, and two secondary calibrations (see text) indicated by empty red circles; 95% credible intervals of divergence times are denoted by horizontal grey bars at nodes. Ancestral ranges were estimated with the DEC+j model from current species' distributions, indicated by coloured squares at tips. Coloured squares at nodes indicate inferred ancestral ranges. Elongated rectangles indicate a posteriori added fossil taxa that represent Holarctic distributions of the group. Note that distributions of outgroup taxa were coded to represent the entire distribution of the corresponding taxonomic family. Areas inferred: A) North America; B) Caribbean islands, including Trinidad; C) South America; D) Palearctic; E) Africa and Madagascar; F) Indomalaya; G) Wallacea and the Philippines; H) New Guinea and Australia; I) Oceania, including the Bismarck Archipelago and New Zealand.
(103579) Frederic Thomas Oliver
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fixed-energy harmonic functions
Creators: name: Abrams, Aaron
name: Kenyon, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34B45 (Primary), 05C31, 52C20

description: We study the map from conductances to edge energies for harmonic functions on finite graphs with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We prove that for any compatible acyclic orientation and choice of energies there is a unique choice of conductances such that the associated harmonic function realizes those orientations and energies. We call the associated function enharmonic. For rational energies and boundary data the Galois group of ${\mathbb Q}^{tr}$ (the totally real algebraic numbers) over ${\mathbb Q}$ permutes the enharmonic functions, acting on the set of compatible acyclic orientations. A consequence is the non-tileability of certain polygons by rational-area rectangles. For planar graphs there is an enharmonic conjugate function, together these form the real and imaginary parts of a "fixed energy" analytic function. In the planar scaling limit for ${\mathbb Z}^2$ (and the fixed south/west orientation), these functions satisfy a nonlinear analog of the Cauchy-Riemann equations, namely \begin{eqnarray*}u_xv_y &=& 1\\u_yv_x&=&-1.\end{eqnarray*} We give an analog of the Riemann mapping theorem for these functions, as well as a variational approach to finding solutions in both the discrete and continuous settings.
title: An IPA exploration of the experiences of mothers of infants with congenital heart disease who have undergone surgery in the first year of life: And Clinical Research Portfolio
Creators: name: Marscheider, Evelyn
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Congenital Heart Disease, qualitative, mother, experience, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

description: Background: The term “congenital heart disease’ (CHD) refers to abnormalities of the heart that are present from birth, and typically require timely medical intervention. The unique stressors faced by mothers whose children have CHD can cause increased psychological distress, impact on quality of life and the capacity for optimal parenting. More research is needed into the lived experiences of mothers whose infants are diagnosed with CHD and undergo surgery to help understand their experiences and target interventions appropriately. Aim: To explore the lived experiences of mothers whose infants received an antenatal diagnosis of CHD and who had undergone surgery within the first year of life. Method: Individual interviews were conducted with 5 mothers to explore their lived experiences. All interviews were transcribed verbatim and were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Results: One superordinate theme was developed to capture the mothers’ experiences overall: ‘A battle on multiple fronts’. 5 subthemes illustrated the mothers’ battles: The Trauma of the Battle – “Fighting an uphill battle”; The Fight for Survival – “Is it compatible with life?”; A Fight for Family-Centred Care – “A constant battle to be her parent”; Allies – “Everyone is on the same side”; and A Lonely Battle – “They are not there to help me”. Conclusion: Mothers described an inherent fight following an antenatal diagnosis of CHD, throughout which factors exacerbated or mitigated their sense of threat and conflict. Healthcare services need to create a sense of support and togetherness to reduce the experience of additional stressors in the mothers’ battle.
Supplementary Figure 4. from A Laurasian origin for a pantropical bird radiation is supported by genomic and fossil data (Aves: Coraciiformes).
Creators: name: McCullough, Jenna M.
name: Moyle, Robert G.
name: Smith, Brian T.
name: Andersen, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Maximum likelihood topology from the concatenated, partitioned RAxML analysis of the 75% complete dataset of well performing toepads and tissue samples of Coraciiformes and their outgroups with 1000 bootstraps. Dots represent bootstrap support: black circles indicate ≥ 95%, grey circles indicate ≥ 75–≤ 94%, and white indicate ≤ 74% bootstrap support.
Entrance channel X–HF (X = Cl, Br and I) complexes studied by high-resolution infrared laser spectroscopy in helium nanodroplets
Creators: name: Miller, Roger
name: Küpper, Jochen
name: Merritt, Jeremy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Rotationally resolved infrared spectra are reported for halogen atom – HF free radical complexes formed in helium nanodroplets. An effusive pyrolysis source is used to dope helium droplets with Cl, Br and I atoms, formed by thermal dissociation of Cl2, Br2 and I2. A single hydrogen fluoride molecule is then added to the droplets, resulting in the formation of the X-HF complexes of interest. Analysis of the resulting spectra confirms that the observed species have 2Π3/2 ground electronic states, consistent with the linear hydrogen bound structures predicted from theory. Stark spectra are also reported for these species, from which the permanent electric dipole moments are determined.
Dissipative instability in partially ionised prominence plasmas
Creators: name: Ballai, Istvan
name: Oliver, Ramon
name: Alexandrou, Marios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of dissipative instability at the boundary (seen here as tangential discontinuity) between the viscous corona and the partially ionised prominence plasma in the incompressible limit. The importance of the partial ionisation is investigated in terms of the ionisation fraction. Matching the solutions for the transversal component of the velocity and total pressure at the interface between the prominence and coronal plasmas, we derive a dispersion relation whose imaginary part describes the evolution of the instability. Results are obtained in the limit of weak dissipation. Using simple analytical methods, we show that dissipative instabilities appear for flow speeds that are lower than the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability threshold. While viscosity tends to destabilise the plasma, the effect of partial ionisation (through the Cowling resistivity) will act towards stabilising the interface. For ionisation degrees closer to a neutral gas the interface will be unstable for larger values of equilibrium flow. The same principle is assumed when studying the appearance of instability at the interface between prominences and dark plumes. The unstable mode appearing in this case has a very small growth rate and dissipative instability cannot explain the appearance of flows in plumes. The present study improves our understanding of the complexity of dynamical processes at the interface of solar prominences and solar corona, and the role partial ionisation can have on the stability of the plasma. Our results clearly show that the problem of partial ionisation introduces new aspects of plasma stability with consequences on the evolution of solar prominences.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Supplementary Figure 10. from A Laurasian origin for a pantropical bird radiation is supported by genomic and fossil data (Aves: Coraciiformes)
Creators: name: McCullough, Jenna M.
name: Moyle, Robert G.
name: Smith, Brian T.
name: Andersen, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Comparison between biogeographical analysis with different levels of fossil inclusion. A) results of DEC+j model when fossil taxa are incorporated as separate branches (full results are shown in Fig. S9); B) the DEC results of (A); C) results of DEC+j model when outgroup fossil taxa are incorporated into the ranges of the extant clades; D) the DEC+j model results when fossil taxa are allowed in areas in which they have not been found to account for an incomplete fossil record as indicated by a question mark in the coloured range square; and E) the DEC+j model results in which no fossil taxa are incorporated into the analysis. The AIC model selection results are below their respective trees, as A and B are from the same analysis, they share one model selection table.
CHEMOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND BIOMARKERS OF DISEASE AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION FIBERS TO EVALUATE GAS SENSING LAYERS
Creators: name: Woollam, Mark David
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Metabolomic chemistry
Sensor technology (incl. chemical aspects)
Separation science
Instrumental methods (excl. immunological and bioassay methods)
Bioassays
Analytical spectrometry

description: Canines can detect different diseases simply by smelling different biological sample types, including urine, breath and sweat. This has led researchers to try and discovery unique volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarkers. The power of VOC biomarkers lies in the fact that one day they may be able to be utilized for noninvasive, rapid and accurate diagnostics at a point of care using miniaturized biosensors. However, the identity of the specific VOC biomarkers must be demonstrated before designing and fabricating sensing systems. Through an extensive series of experiments, VOCs in urine are profiled by solid phase microextraction (SPME) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify biomarkers for breast cancer using murine models. The results from these experiments indicated that unique classes of urinary VOCs, primarily terpene/terpenoids and carbonyls, are potential biomarkers of breast cancer. Through implementing chemometric approaches, unique panels of VOCs were identified for breast cancer detection, identifying tumor location, determining the efficacy of dopaminergic antitumor treatments, and tracking cancer progression. Other diseases, including COVID-19 and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) were also probed to identify volatile biomarkers present in breath samples. VOC biomarker identification is an important step toward developing portable gas sensors, but another hurdle that exists is that current sensors lack selectivity toward specific VOCs of interest. Furthermore, testing sensors for sensitivity and selectivity is an extensive process as VOCs must be tested individually because the sensors do not have modes of chromatographic separation or compound identification. Another set of experiments is presented to demonstrate that SPME fibers can be coated with materials, used to extract standard solutions of VOCs, and analyzed by GC-MS to determine the performance of various gas sensing layers. In the first of these experiments, polyetherimide (PEI) was coated onto a SPME fiber and compared to commercial polyacrylate (PAA) fibers. The second experiment tuned the extraction efficiency of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) - carbon black (CB) composites and showed that they had higher sensitivity for urinary VOC extraction relative to a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) SPME fiber. These results demonstrate SPME GC-MS can rapidly characterize and tune the VOC adsorption capabilities of gas sensing layers.
(103585) Vere Modder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Application of struvite to replace monoammonium phosphate in modern alfalfa systems
Creators: name: Mackey, Erin M.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Phosphorus
Alfalfa--Fertilizers

description: Most inorganic phosphorus (P) fertilizers are derived from depleting phosphate rock reserves. Producers of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) have experienced declining soil test P. Struvite is a slow-release P fertilizer recovered from wastewater and animal manure. Struvite's low solubility could require supplementation with a soluble fertilizer like monoammonium phosphate (MAP) to meet early growth requirements. Three experiments were conducted for this thesis: 1) an agronomic field plot trial with different ratios of MAP:struvite (0:0, 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 37.5:62.5, 25:75, 12.5:87.5, 0:100) applied to fall-planted and spring-planted alfalfa; 2) a 63-day soil incubation that evaluated release of Olsen P (OP) from the same MAP:struvite ratios as temperature decreased (26 to 15°C) and increased (12.4 to 22.6°C) to mimic fall and spring weather, respectively; and 3) an agronomic demonstration in two commercial alfalfa fields in central Washington that compared MAP (100:0) to MAP:struvite 30:70 on an established alfalfa stand (Field 1) and struvite (0:100) on a new seeding of alfalfa (Field 2). Treatments 100:0 and 0:100 were statistically similar (P>0.05) in total DM yield, total P uptake, and average quality across the season and in the first cutting for fall- and spring-planted alfalfa. These results support completely replacing MAP with struvite in modern alfalfa systems where the soil applied struvite is incorporated. The 0:100 soils were statistically similar or greater in OP concentration compared to 100:0 for the first 14 days of fall incubation, but ended with significantly less OP. However, 100:0 and 0:100 soils had similar OP the entire spring incubation. Causes of fluctuation in OP as soils warmed was unclear, thus future research should focus on the effect of warming soil temperatures on sorption reactions and P-solubilizing microbial populations in relation to struvite dissolution. The MAP-fertilized alfalfa produced 0.6 Mg ha-1 DM yield and 1 kg ha-1 P uptake more than 30:70 across 4 cuttings in Field 1, whereas struvite produced 0.3 Mg ha-1 DM yield and 1.4 kg ha-1 P uptake more than MAP across 2 cuttings in Field 2. These results support the hypothesis that struvite can provide sufficient P to alfalfa during early development without MAP supplementation.
(103574) Mabel Peggy Gwenevere Jenkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Figure 6. from A Laurasian origin for a pantropical bird radiation is supported by genomic and fossil data (Aves: Coraciiformes).
Creators: name: McCullough, Jenna M.
name: Moyle, Robert G.
name: Smith, Brian T.
name: Andersen, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multispecies coalescent topology of the 75% complete dataset of 10 million quartets produced by SVDqartets with 100 BS support. Black circles indicate ≥ 95%, grey circles indicate ≥ 75–≤ 94%, and white indicate ≤ 74% bootstrap support.
Surfaces of general type with q=2 are rigidified
Creators: name: Liu, Wenfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 14J50, Secondary 14J29

description: Let $S$ be a minimal smooth projective surface of general type with irregularity $q=2$. We show that, if $S$ has a nontrivial holomorphic automorphism acting trivially on the cohomology with rational coefficients, then it is a surface isogenous to a product. As a consequence of this geometric characterization, one infers that no nontrivial automorphism of surfaces of general type with $q=2$ (which are not necessarily minimal) can be homotopic to the identity. In particular, such surfaces are rigidified in the sense of Fabrizio Catanese.
description: 11 pages; Theorem 1.2 in the preliminary and Remark 3.2 are added; to appear in Communications in Contemporary Mathematics
(103575) Grace Magdalen Jenkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A high-resolution infrared spectroscopic investigation of the halogen atom–HCN entrance channel complexes solvated in superfluid helium droplets
Creators: name: Merritt, Jeremy
name: Miller, Roger
name: Küpper, Jochen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Rotationally resolved infrared spectra are reported for the X-HCN (X = Cl, Br, I) binary complexes solvated in helium nanodroplets. These results are directly compared with that obtained previously for the corresponding X-HF complexes [J. M. Merritt, J. Kupper, and R. E. Miller, PCCP, 7, 67 (2005)]. For bromine and iodine atoms complexed with HCN, two linear structures are observed and assigned to the 2Σ1/2 and 2Π3/2 ground electronic states of the nitrogen and hydrogen bound geometries, respectively. Experiments for HCN + chlorine atoms give rise to only a single band which is attributed to the nitrogen bound isomer. That the hydrogen bound isomer is not stabilized is rationalized in terms of a lowering of the isomerization barrier by spin-orbit coupling. Theoretical calculations with and without spin-orbit coupling have also been performed and are compared with our experimental results. The possibility of stabilizing high-energy structures containing multiple radicals is discussed, motivated by preliminary spectroscopic evidence for the di-radical Br-HCCCN-Br complex. Spectra for the corresponding molecular halogen HCN-X2 complexes are also presented.
Supplementary Figure 9. from A Laurasian origin for a pantropical bird radiation is supported by genomic and fossil data (Aves: Coraciiformes)
Creators: name: McCullough, Jenna M.
name: Moyle, Robert G.
name: Smith, Brian T.
name: Andersen, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Time-calibrated maximum clade credibility tree showing species level relationships of Coraciiformes based on 500 ultraconserved elements, fossil calibrations, and maximum likelihood topology constraints. Nodes are highly supported unless indicated otherwise. Node ages were estimated in BEAST with three fossil calibrations (Table S2), indicated by circles at nodes, and two secondary calibrations (see text) indicated by empty red circles; 95% credible intervals of divergence times are denoted by horizontal grey bars at nodes. Ancestral ranges were estimated with the DEC+j model from current species' distributions, indicated by coloured squares at tips. Coloured squares at nodes indicate inferred ancestral ranges. Elongated rectangles indicate a posteriori added fossil taxa that represent Holarctic distributions of the group. Note that distributions of outgroup taxa were coded to represent the entire distribution of the corresponding taxonomic family. Areas inferred: A) North America; B) Caribbean islands, including Trinidad; C) South America; D) Palearctic; E) Africa and Madagascar; F) Indomalaya; G) Wallacea and the Philippines; H) New Guinea and Australia; I) Oceania, including the Bismarck Archipelago and New Zealand.
Supplementary Figure 4. from A Laurasian origin for a pantropical bird radiation is supported by genomic and fossil data (Aves: Coraciiformes)
Creators: name: McCullough, Jenna M.
name: Moyle, Robert G.
name: Smith, Brian T.
name: Andersen, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Maximum likelihood topology from the concatenated, partitioned RAxML analysis of the 75% complete dataset of well performing toepads and tissue samples of Coraciiformes and their outgroups with 1000 bootstraps. Dots represent bootstrap support: black circles indicate ≥ 95%, grey circles indicate ≥ 75–≤ 94%, and white indicate ≤ 74% bootstrap support.
A simulation-based study of the neutron backgrounds for NaI dark matter experiments
Creators: name: Jeon, Eunju
name: Kim, Yeongduk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the direct search experiments for weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter, the DAMA experiment observed an annual modulation signal interpreted as WIMP interactions with a significance of 9.2$σ$. Recently, Jonathan Davis claimed that the DAMA modulation may be interpreted on the basis of the neutron scattering events induced by the muons and neutrinos together. We tried to simulate the neutron backgrounds at the Gran Sasso and Yangyang laboratory with and without the polyethylene shielding to quantify the effects of the ambient neutrons on the direct detection experiments based on the crystals.
Supplementary Figure 6. from A Laurasian origin for a pantropical bird radiation is supported by genomic and fossil data (Aves: Coraciiformes)
Creators: name: McCullough, Jenna M.
name: Moyle, Robert G.
name: Smith, Brian T.
name: Andersen, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multispecies coalescent topology of the 75% complete dataset of 10 million quartets produced by SVDqartets with 100 BS support. Black circles indicate ≥ 95%, grey circles indicate ≥ 75–≤ 94%, and white indicate ≤ 74% bootstrap support.
(103577) Nadine Vera Theodora Reeves Oliver
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Material from On the origin of degeneracy in the genetic code.
Creators: name: D. L. Gonzalez
name: S. Giannerini
name: R. Rosa
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The degeneracy of amino acid coding is one of the most crucial and enigmatic aspects of the genetic code. Different theories about the origin of the genetic code have been developed. However, to date, there is no comprehensive hypothesis on the mechanism that might have generated the degeneracy as we observe it. Here, we provide a new theory that explains the origin of the degeneracy based only on symmetry principles. The approach allows to describe exactly the degeneracy of the early code (progenitor of the genetic code of LUCA, the last universal common ancestor) which is hypothesized to have the same degeneracy of the present vertebrate mitochondrial genetic code. The theory is based upon the tessera code, that fits as the progenitor of the early code. Moreover, we describe in detail the possible evolutionary transitions implied by our theory. The approach is supported by a unified mathematical framework that accounts for the degeneracy properties of both nuclear and mitochondrial genetic codes. Our work provides a new perspective to the understanding of the origin of the genetic code and the roles of symmetry principles on the organization of genetic information.
Rebar: Reinforcing a Matching Estimator with Predictions from High-Dimensional Covariates
Creators: name: Sales, Adam C
name: Hansen, Ben B
name: Rowan, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In causal matching designs, some control subjects are often left unmatched, and some covariates are often left unmodeled. This article introduces "rebar," a method using high-dimensional modeling to incorporate these commonly discarded data without sacrificing the integrity of the matching design. After constructing a match, a researcher uses the unmatched control subjects--the remnant--to fit a machine learning model predicting control potential outcomes as a function of the full covariate matrix. The resulting predictions in the matched set are used to adjust the causal estimate to reduce confounding bias. We present theoretical results to justify the method's bias-reducing properties as well as a simulation study that demonstrates them. Additionally, we illustrate the method in an evaluation of a school-level comprehensive educational reform program in Arizona.
description: Published in Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics (Currently 12/6/17 "Online First")
Figure S3 from Conformity bias in the cultural transmission of music sampling traditions.
Creators: name: Youngblood, Mason
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Leave-one-out cross validation indicates that the results are robust across tolerance levels (n = 10; ε: 0.005, 0.01, 0.05). Prediction error with ε = 0.005 is 0.0035, ε = 0.01 is 0.0042, and ε = 0.05 is 0.0099. The x-axis is the true parameter values, the y-axis is the estimated parameter values, and the colors correspond to the three tolerance levels.
Pediatric Pulmonology Year in Review 2014: Part 2
Creators: name: Schwarze, Jurgen
name: Auten, Richard
name: Noah, Terry L.
name: Davis, Stephanie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Our discipline and our journal cover an extremely broad range of research and scholarly topics related to children’s respiratory disorders. To better meet the needs of our readership for updated perspectives on the rapidly expanding knowledge in our field, we will summarize the past year’s publications in our major topic areas, as well as selected publications in these areas from the core clinical journal literature outside our own pages. A previous review (Part 1) summarized papers published in 2014 relevant to asthma, diagnostic testing/endoscopy, sleep and breathing disorders, respiratory complications of neuromuscular disorders, and rare lung diseases. The current review covers articles on neonatal lung disease, pulmonary physiology, and respiratory infection.
Can Superconducting Cosmic Strings Piercing Seed Black Holes Generate Supermassive Black Holes in the Early Universe?
Creators: name: Lake, Matthew J.
name: Harko, Tiberiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of a large number of supermassive black holes (SMBH) at redshifts $z > 6$, when the Universe was only 900 million years old, raises the question of how such massive compact objects could form in a cosmologically short time interval. Each of the standard scenarios proposed, involving rapid accretion of seed black holes or black hole mergers, faces severe theoretical difficulties in explaining the short-time formation of supermassive objects. In this work we propose an alternative scenario for the formation of SMBH in the early Universe, in which energy transfer from superconducting cosmic strings piercing small seed black holes is the main physical process leading to rapid mass increase. As a toy model, the accretion rate of a seed black hole pierced by two antipodal strings carrying constant current is considered. Using an effective action approach, which phenomenologically incorporates a large class of superconducting string models, we estimate the minimum current required to form SMBH with masses of order $M = 2 \times 10^{9}M_{\odot}$ by $z = 7.085$. This corresponds to the mass of the central black hole powering the quasar ULAS J112001.48+064124.3 and is taken as a test case scenario for early-epoch SMBH formation. For GUT scale strings, the required fractional increase in the string energy density, due to the presence of the current, is of order $10^{-7}$, so that their existence remains consistent with current observational bounds on the string tension. In addition, we consider an "exotic" scenario, in which an SMBH is generated when a small seed black hole is pierced by a higher-dimensional $F-$string, predicted by string theory. We find that both topological defect strings and fundamental strings are able to carry currents large enough to generate early-epoch SMBH via our proposed mechanism.
description: 26 pages, no figures. Published version
Correspondence Bias in Performance Evaluation: Why Grade Inflation Works
Creators: name: Moore, Don
name: Gino, Francesca
name: Swift, Samuel
name: Sharek, Zachariah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: When explaining others’ behaviors, achievements, and failures, it is common for people to attribute too much influence to the individual’s disposition and too little influence to the structural and situational influences impinging on the actor. Although performance is a joint function of ability and situational facilitation or impediments, dispositional inference ascribes too much to individual ability. We hypothesize that this tendency leads university admissions decisions to favor students coming from institutions with lenient grading because they will have their high performance mistaken for evidence of high ability. In four studies using both laboratory experiments and actual admissions decisions, we show that those who display high performance simply due to lenient grading or to an easy task are favored in selection. These results have implications for research on attribution, because they provide a more stringent test of the correspondence bias, and allow for a more precise measure of its size. Implications for admissions and personnel selection decisions are also discussed.
Figure S2 from Conformity bias in the cultural transmission of music sampling traditions.
Creators: name: Youngblood, Mason
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A goodness-of-fit test for the rejection form of ABC (n = 1000; ε = 0.01) indicates that the model is a good fit for the data (p = 0.47). The x-axis corresponds to the Euclidean distance between the simulated and observed summary statistics for each iteration, and the y-axis is the number of iterations with each range of distances.
(103572) Barbara Frances Powell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
From Primed Construct to Motivated Behavior: Validation Processes in Goal Pursuit
Creators: name: Loersch, Chris
name: Rucker, Derek
name: Payne, B. Keith
name: DeMarree, Kenneth
name: Briñol, Pablo
name: Petty, Richard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Past research has found that environmental primes can automatically initiate unconscious goal striving. Recent models of priming have suggested that this effect might be moderated by validation processes. According to a goal validation perspective, primes should cause changes in one’s motivational state to the extent people have confidence in the prime-related mental content. Across three experiments we provided the first direct empirical evidence for this goal validation account. Using a variety of goal priming manipulations (cooperation versus competition, achievement, and self-improvement versus saving money) and validity inductions (power, ease, and writing about confidence), we demonstrated that the impact of goal primes on behavior occurs to a greater extent when conditions foster confidence (versus doubt) in mental contents. Indeed, when conditions foster doubt, goal priming effects are eliminated or counter to the implications of the prime. The implications of these findings for research on goal priming and validation processes are discussed.
Mental Models at Work: Cognitive Causes and Consequences of Conflict in Organizations
Creators: name: Cohen, Taya
name: Katz, James
name: Chou, Eileen
name: Halevy, Nir
name: Panter, A. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This research investigated the reciprocal relationship among mental models of conflict and various forms of dysfunctional social relations in organizations, including experiences of task and relationship conflicts, interpersonal hostility, workplace ostracism, and abusive supervision. We conceptualize individual differences in conflict construals as reflecting variation in people’s belief structures about conflict, and explore how different elements in people’s associative networks – in particular, their beliefs about their best and worst strategy in conflict – relate to their personality, shape their experiences of workplace conflict, and influence others’ behavioral intentions toward them. Five studies using a variety of methods (including crosssectional surveys, a 12-week longitudinal diary study, and an experiment), show that best strategy beliefs relate in theoretically meaningful ways to individuals’ personality; shape social interactions and relationships significantly more than worst strategy beliefs; and are updated over time as a result of individuals’ ongoing experiences of conflict.