cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on QSO emissivity using H I and He II Lyman alpha forest
Creators: name: Khaire, Vikram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum of cosmic ultraviolet background radiation at He II ionizing energies (E > 4 Ryd) is important to study the He II reionization, thermal history of the intergalactic medium (IGM) and metal lines observed in QSO absorption spectra. It is determined by the emissivity of QSOs at E > 4 Ryd obtained from their observed luminosity functions and the mean spectral energy distribution (SED). The SED is approximated as a power-law at energies E > 1 Ryd, $f_E \propto E^α$, where the existing observations constrain the power-law index $α$ only up to ~2.3 Ryd. Here, we constrain $α$ for E > 4 Ryd using recently measured He II Lyman-alpha effective optical depths ($τ_{HeII}$), H I photoionization rates and updated H I distribution in the IGM. We find that -1.6 > $α$ > -2 is required to reproduce the $τ_{HeII}$ measurements when we use QSO emissivity obtained from their luminosity function using optical surveys. We also find that the models where QSOs can alone reionize H I can not reproduce the $τ_{HeII}$ measurements. These models need modifications, such as a break in mean QSO SED at energies greater than 4 Ryd. Even after such modifications the predicted He II reionization history, showing that the He II is highly ionized even at z~5, is significantly different from the standard models. Therefore, the thermal history of the IGM will be crucial to distinguish these models. We also provide the He II photoionization rates obtained from binned $τ_{HeII}$ measurements.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Uprooting 'The Green Man': A Reappraisal of Gothic Foliate Head and Mask Iconography, c. 1200-1350
Creators: name: Harrington, Cassandra Louise
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2024

description: Composite foliate figures flourished throughout the art and architecture of the Gothic period. Despite their lasting influence on the development of illumination and sculpture in Europe, these vegetal hybrids still lack a systematic art-historical study that looks beyond the Anglophone world. This thesis seeks to address this lacuna through an interdisciplinary study of the manifestations of this motif in France and England. Tracing the development of these images in sculpture from Saint-Denis (c. 1200) to Southwell Minster (c. 1285), this thesis also examines its manifestations in manuscripts, from the Beatus Vir initials of Psalters to the bas-de-page illuminations of the Estoire de Seint Aedward le Rei (c. 1250). Documenting diverse sources of evidence, including archaeological reports, architectural drawings, marginalia, hagiography, and theological writings, supports a fresh understanding of this motif, starting with its contemporary nomenclature. Abandoning the rather limiting designation 'Green Man', this thesis proposes more appropriate terminology for these figures, whilst highlighting key variations in taxonomy for two distinct, yet related, image tropes. This sets the basis for situating this motif within the intellectual history of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Considering the relation of foliate figures to networks of cultural and intellectual exchange, and taking into account their location, adjacent imagery, visibility, and marginality across media, this thesis sheds light on their cultural and symbolic significance as well as their dissemination and development. This study also explores the ancient precedents of these motifs, and demonstrates their didactic, and not merely decorative, function. Understood in terms of transition and metamorphosis, the Gothic foliate mask was not merely a Roman relic, but an ancient image trope adapted to contemporary demands: rebirthed with a new, allegorical, significance that enriched both manuscripts and buildings. It suggests that Gothic foliate figures were not folkloristic, either in derivation or connotation, but rather, scholastic: gateways into the world, and mind, of medieval humanism.
Experimental simulation of quantum temporal steering beyond rotating-wave approximation
Creators: name: Xiong, Shao-Jie
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Sun, Zhe
name: Yu, Li
name: Jin, Jinshuang
name: Xu, Xiao-Qiang
name: Liu, Jin-Ming
name: Chen, Kefei
name: Yang, Chui-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing the dynamics of open systems usually starts with a perturbative theory and involves various approximations, such as the Born, Markov and rotating-wave approximation (RWA). However, the approximation approaches could introduce more or less incompleteness in describing the bath behaviors. Here, we consider a quantum channel, which is modeled by a qubit (a two-level system) interacting with a bosonic bath. Unlike the traditional works, we experimentally simulate the system-bath interaction without applying the Born, Markov, and rotating-wave approximations. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental simulation of the quantum channels without any approximations mentioned above, by using linear optical devices. The results are quite useful and interesting, which not only reveal the effect of the counter-rotating terms but also present a more accurate picture of the quantum channel dynamics. Besides, we experimentally investigate the dynamics of the quantum temporal steering (TS), i.e., a temporal analogue of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering. The experimental and theoretical results are in good agreement and show that the counter-rotating terms significantly influence the TS dynamics. When one monogamously associates TS with the security of the cryptographic protocols (e.g., BB84), our experimental tests reveal that the channels based on RWA will provide exaggerated security durations, while they are actually insecure in non-RWA channel cases. This implies that doing RWA may result in a risk for the security of quantum key distribution. Our findings are expected to have useful applications in secure quantum communications and future interesting TS studies.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Stochastic model and kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of solute interactions with stationary and moving grain boundaries. I. Model formulation and application to one-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Mishin, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple stochastic model of solute drag by moving grain boundaries (GBs) is presented. Using a small number of parameters, the model describes solute interactions with GBs and captures nonlinear GB dynamics, solute saturation in the segregation atmosphere, and the breakaway from the atmosphere. The model is solved by kinetic Monte-Carlo (KMC) simulations with time-dependent transition barriers. The non-Markovian nature of the KMC process is discussed. In Part I of this work, the model is applied to planar GBs driven by an external force. The model reproduces all basic features of the solute drag effect, including the maximum of the drag force at a critical GB velocity. The force-velocity functions obtained depart from the scaling predicted by the classical models by Cahn and Lücke-Stüwe, which are based on more restrictive assumptions. The paper sets the stage for Part II, in which the GB will be treated as a 2D solid-on-solid interface.
description: Submitted to Physical Review Materials
PREVENZIONE ANTE DELICTUM E DIRITTI FONDAMENTALI NELL'ORDINAMENTO INGLESE
Creators: name: BEDUSCHI, LODOVICA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: The investigation takes its cue from an assessment and a question. The assessment is that recent years have seen a larger preoccupation with risk and public protection. In many European legal systems social insecurity has led to a shift in the criminal policy. This shift includes greater attention on risk management and, as a consequence, the implementation of preventive measures which can be applied on conviction or even before. On the other hand, the question sounds like: are preventive orders to be welcomed and what limits should be set to their use? The reasons of the comparison with the English legal system are twofold. First, the introduction of preventive orders in the English legal system is relatively recent. Courts have long had preventive powers (typically the power to bind a person over, which take different forms, some at the common law, some under various statues such as the Justice of the Peace Act 1361 and the Magistrates? Courts Act 1980). However since 1998 there have been several additions to their powers, with various civil preventive orders becoming available. Second, the reflection on the justificatory framework for preventive measures, which focused on the endeavours of the European Court of Human Rights, gives us an interesting new perspective for embarking on the task of finding such a framework.
MODELLING INTERMOLECULAR FORCES IN BIOMOLECULES: FROM PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS TO HALOGEN BONDS.
Creators: name: RENDINE, STEFANO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: The accurate description and evaluation of the intermolecular interactions has a great importance in the molecular modelling of biological systems. Protein-protein interactions, in particular, being involved in virtually every cellular process, are nowadays the object of thorough studies aimed at the understanding and modulation of the underlying mechanism. In the Part I of the present work, it will be shown how, through a computational approach, it is possible to get an in-depth analysis of the network of interactions occurring at the interface between tubulin subunits and how vinblastine, a commonly used anticancer agents, is able to interfere with the correct protein association, so having a therapeutic effect. In the Part II, the self-association of the bacterial protein FtsZ will be studied, showing that the detailed description of the protein-protein interactions can provide key information for the de-novo design of inhibiting molecules. Finally, in the Part II, the attention will be focused on the computational study of halogen bonding, which is found to have a great relevance in the recognition process between biological macromolecules and halogenated agents. In particular, it will be shown that a specific approach is mandatory for its correct description in the framework of the classical force-fields.
Novel All-Orders Single-Scale Approach to QCD Renormalization Scale-Setting
Creators: name: Shen, Jian-Ming
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Du, Bo-Lun
name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Principle of Maximal Conformality (PMC) provides a rigorous method for eliminating renormalization scheme-and-scale ambiguities for perturbative QCD predictions. The PMC uses the renormalization group equation to fix the $β$-pattern of each order in an arbitrary pQCD approximant, and it then determines the optimal renormalization scale by absorbing all $\{β_{i}\}$ terms into the running coupling at each order. The resulting coefficients of the pQCD series match the scheme-independent conformal series with $β=0$. As in QED, different renormalization scales appear at each order; we call this the multi-scale approach. In this paper, we present a novel single-scale approach for the PMC, in which a single effective scale is constructed to eliminate all non-conformal $β$-terms up to a given order simultaneously. The PMC single-scale approach inherits the main features of the multi-scale approach; for example, its predictions are scheme-independent, and the pQCD convergence is greatly improved due to the elimination of divergent renormalon terms. As an application of the single-scale approach, we investigate the $e^+e^-$ annihilation cross-section ratio $R_{e^+e^-}$ and the Higgs decay-width $Γ(H \to b \bar{b})$, including four-loop QCD contributions. The resulting predictions are nearly identical to the multi-scale predictions for both the total and differential contributions. Thus in many cases, the PMC single-scale approach PMC-s, which requires a simpler analysis, could be adopted as a reliable substitution for the PMC multi-scale approach for setting the renormalization scale for high-energy processes, particularly when one does not need detailed information at each order. The elimination of the renormalization scale uncertainty increases the precision of tests of the Standard Model at the LHC.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Discussions improved and references updated. To be published in Phys.Rev.D
Strongly Nonlinear Topological Phases of Cascaded Topoelectrical Circuits
Creators: name: Tang, Jijie
name: Ma, Fangyuan
name: Li, Feng
name: Guo, Honglian
name: Zhou, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circuits provide ideal platforms of topological phases and matter, yet the study of topological circuits in the strongly nonlinear regime, has been lacking. We propose and experimentally demonstrate strongly nonlinear topological phases and transitions in one-dimensional electrical circuits composed of nonlinear capacitors. Nonlinear topological interface modes arise on domain walls of the circuit lattices, whose topological phases are controlled by the amplitudes of nonlinear voltage waves. Experimentally measured topological transition amplitudes are in good agreement with those derived from nonlinear topological band theory. Our prototype paves the way towards flexible metamaterials with amplitude-controlled rich topological phases and is readily extendable to two and three-dimensional systems that allow novel applications.
description: 18+9 pages, 4+3 figures
title: Τεχνικές στατιστικού ποιοτικού ελέγχου σε βιομηχανίες τροφίμων με έμφαση στα σχήματα δειγματοληψίας
title: Statistical quality control techniques in food industries with emphasis on sampling schemes
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Τούλης, Δημήτριος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Δειγματοληψία

description: Η ποιότητα στην σύγχρονη κοινωνία αποτελεί βασικό κριτήριο για την επι-λογή ενός προϊόντος ή μια υπηρεσίας από τους καταναλωτές. Η άποψη πως η ποιότητα ‘κοστίζει’ είναι ξεπερασμένη. Αντιθέτως, αυτό που είναι επιζήμιο για μια επιχείρηση είναι η έλλειψη ποιότητας. Για να πιστοποιήσει μια επιχείρηση πως παράγει ή παρέχει ποιοτικά προϊόντα – υπηρεσίες, θεσπίζει διάφορα συστήματα ελέγχου της ποιότητας. Ο ποιοτικός έλεγχος είναι ένας τρόπος επαλήθευσης του προτύπου ενός προϊόντος ή μιας υπηρεσίας κατά τη διαδικασία κατασκευής του και χρησιμεύει για τη μείωση της πιθανότητας εισαγωγής ελαττωματικών προϊόντων στην αγορά. Φυ-σικά οι επιχειρήσεις τροφίμων και ειδικά οι μονάδες παραγωγής, δεν θα μπορούσαν να αποτελούν εξαίρεση στην εφαρμογή συστημάτων ποιοτικού ελέγχου. Τα συστήματα ποιοτικού ελέγχου που θα μπορούσε να εφαρμόσει μια μονάδα παραγωγής τροφίμων είναι πολλά και διαφοροποιούνται ανάλογα τη φύση του προϊόντος. Ένα σύστημα ποιοτικού ελέγχου που βρίσκει εφαρμογή σε όλες τις μονάδες παραγωγής τροφίμων είναι αυτό της δειγματοληψίας. Στη παρούσα εργασία, θα παρουσιαστούν ποιες είναι οι διάφορες μέθοδοι δειγματοληψίας καθώς και θα μελετηθούν πλάνα δειγματοληψίας σε μορφή ανάλυσης σεναρίων (case studies), σε επιχειρήσεις τρο-φίμων με διαφορετικής φύσης προϊόντα και διαφορετική παραγωγικότητα.
Coupled Ablowitz-Ladik equations with branched dispersion
Creators: name: Babalic, Corina N.
name: Carstea, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complete integrability and multisoliton solutions are discussed for a multicomponent Ablowitz-Ladik system with branched dispersion relation. It is also shown that starting from a "diagonal" (in two-dimensions) completely integrable Ablowitz-Ladik equation, one can obtain all the results using a periodic reduction.
description: 22 pages
Off-shell gluon production in interaction of a projectile with 2 or 3 targets
Creators: name: Braun, M. A.
name: Salykin, M. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the effective QCD action for the Regge kinematics amplitudes for virtual gluon emission are studied in collision of a projectile with two and three targets. It is demonstrated that all un- Feynman singularities cancel between induced vertices and rescattering contributions. Formulas simplify considerably in a special gauge which is a straightforward generalization of the light-cone gauge for emission of real gluons.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; submitted to Eur.Phys.Jour.C
Geometrical dependence of domain wall propagation and nucleation fields in magnetic domain wall sensor devices
Creators: name: Borie, B.
name: Kehlberger, A.
name: Wahrhusen, J.
name: Grimm, H.
name: Kläui, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the key domain wall properties in segmented nanowires loop-based structures used in domain wall based sensors. The two reasons for device failure, namely the distribution of domain wall propagation field (depinning) and the nucleation field are determined with Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect (MOKE) and Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) measurements for thousands of elements to obtain significant statistics. Single layers of Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$, a complete GMR stack with Co$_{90}$Fe$_{10}$/Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$ as a free layer and a single layer of Co$_{90}$Fe$_{10}$ are deposited and industrially patterned to determine the influence of the shape anisotropy, the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the fabrication processes. We show that the propagation field is little influenced by the geometry but significantly by material parameters. The domain wall nucleation fields can be described by a typical Stoner-Wohlfarth model related to the measured geometrical parameters of the wires and fitted by considering the process parameters. The GMR effect is subsequently measured in a substantial number of devices (3000), in order to accurately gauge the variation between devices. This reveals a corrected upper limit to the nucleation fields of the sensors that can be exploited for fast characterization of working elements.
Optimal potentials for diffusive search strategies
Creators: name: Kuśmierz, Łukasz
name: Bier, Martin
name: Gudowska-Nowak, Ewa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider one dimensional diffusive search strategies subjected to external potentials. The location of a single target is drawn from a given probability density function (PDF) $f_G(x)$ and is fixed for each stochastic realization of the process. We optimize the quality of the search strategy as measured by the mean first passage time (MFPT) to the position of the target. For a symmetric but otherwise arbitrary distribution $f_G(x)$ we find the optimal potential that minimizes the MFPT. The minimal MFPT is given by a nonstandard measure of the dispersion, which can be related to the cumulative Rényi entropy. We compare optimal times in this model with optimal times obtained for the model of diffusion with stochastic resetting, in which the diffusive motion is interrupted by intermittent jumps (resets) to the initial position. Additionally, we discuss an analogy between our results and a so-called square-root principle.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Associations between the implementation of telework strategies and job performance: Moderating influences of boundary management preferences and telework experience
Creators: name: Härtel, Tobias M.
name: Hüttemann, Dominik
name: Müller, Julia
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: telework
subject: telework strategies
subject: job performance
subject: boundary theory
subject: boundary management preferences
subject: telework experience
subject: person-environment fit
subject: 330 - Wirtschaft

description: Boosted by the COVID-19 pandemic, more than ever, an organization’s success depends on its teleworkers’ performance. However, little attention has been paid to the individual strategies implemented by teleworkers to achieve goals such as drawing boundaries between work- and private-life, working task-oriented and productively, and keeping social contact. We collected quantitative survey data of 548 teleworkers indicating their implementation of 85 telework strategies derived from scientific literature and popular media (e.g., working in a separate room, wearing work clothes at home), self-reported job performance, boundary management preferences, and telework experience. We identified (a) the implementation of telework strategies, (b) associations with job performance, (c) divergences between the implementation and the performance association, and (d) moderating influences of boundary management preferences and telework experience. The results suggest that the most implemented telework strategies tend to be the ones most positively associated with job performance. These telework strategies serve goals related to working task-oriented and productively by adopting a conducive work attitude as well as keeping social contact by using modern communication technology rather than goals related to drawing boundaries between work- and private-life. The findings underscore the benefits of expanding a narrow focus on telework strategies stemming from boundary theory to unravel telework strategies’ puzzling impacts on (tele-) work outcomes. Also, taking a person-environment fit perspective appeared to be a promising approach to tailor evidence-based best practice telework strategies to teleworkers’ individual preferences and needs (boundary management preferences and telework experience).
Communications-Aware Robotics: Challenges and Opportunities
Creators: name: Licea, Daniel Bonilla
name: Silano, Giuseppe
name: Ghogho, Mounir
name: Saska, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has seen significant growth in the research community, industry, and society. Many of these agents are equipped with communication systems that are essential for completing certain tasks successfully. This has led to the emergence of a new interdisciplinary field at the intersection of robotics and communications, which has been further driven by the integration of UAVs into 5G and 6G communication networks. However, one of the main challenges in this research area is how many researchers tend to oversimplify either the robotics or the communications aspects, hindering the full potential of this new interdisciplinary field. In this paper, we present some of the necessary modeling tools for addressing these problems from both a robotics and communications perspective, using the UAV communications relay as an example.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for presentation to the 2023 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS) at Lazarski University, Warsaw, Poland
Quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects in quantum dissipative systems
Creators: name: Wu, Wei
name: Lin, Hai-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects in quantum dissipative systems by employing a hierarchical equations of motion approach which is beyond the usual Markovian approximation, the rotating wave approximation, and the perturbative approximation. The quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno dynamics of a biased qubit-boson model and a biased qutrit-boson model are provided as illustrative examples. It is found that (i) there exists multiple Zeno-anti-Zeno crossover phenomena, (ii) the non-Markovian characteristic of the bath may be favorable for the accessibility of the Zeno dynamics, and (iii) high bath temperature may add the difficulty in observing the quantum Zeno effect in quantum dissipative systems.
description: Last Version
The Spectrum of Interstitial Solute Energies in Polycrystals
Creators: name: Wagih, Malik
name: Schuh, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A computational method is presented to measure the spectrum of segregation energies for an interstitial solute at grain boundaries (GBs) in a polycrystal. For the Pd-H system, that spectrum of GB interstitial segregation energies is found to consist of a mixture of two normal-like distributions, characteristic of GB octahedral and tetrahedral sites. We also derive a thermodynamic isotherm to calculate the equilibrium segregation state in a polycrystal that recognizes the need for referencing two interstitial site types, and show that it conforms well to experimental data in the Pd-H system.
Emergent phases in a compass chain with multisite interactions
Creators: name: You, Wen-Long
name: Zhang, Cheng-Jie
name: Ni, Weihai
name: Gong, Ming
name: Oleś, Andrzej M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a dimerised spin chain with biaxial magnetic interacting ions in the presence of an externally induced three-site interactions out of equilibrium. In the general case, the three-site interactions play a role in renormalizing the effective uniform magnetic field. We find that the existence of zero-energy Majorana modes is intricately related to the sign of Pfaffian of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes Hamiltonian and the relevant $Z_2$ topological invariant. In contrast, we show that an exotic spin liquid phase can emerge in the compass limit through a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) quantum phase transition. Such a BKT transition is characterized by a large dynamic exponent $z=4$, and the spin-liquid phase is robust under a uniform magnetic field. We find the relative entropy and the quantum discord can signal the BKT transitions. We also uncover a few differences in deriving the correlation functions for the systems with broken reflection symmetry.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Efficient Machine Learning for new physics discoveries
Creators: name: Losapio, Gianvito
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Machine Learning
Particle Physics

description: Searching for new physics, i.e., physical laws that go beyond the reference models, is the absolute priority of the field. In this thesis, a novel machine learning approach for model-independent new physics searches is presented, based on the work by D’Agnolo and Wulzer, 2019. The core algorithm of our proposal is powered by recent large scale implementations of kernel methods, non-parametric models that can approximate any continuous function given enough data. The model evaluates the compatibility between experimental data and a reference model, by implementing a hypothesis testing procedure based on the likelihood ratio. Model-independence is enforced by avoiding any prior assumption about the presence or shape of new physics components in the measurements. We show that our solution has dramatic advantages compared to neural network implementations in terms of training times and computational resources, while maintaining comparable performances. Our algorithm has been tested on High Energy Physics datasets of increasing dimensionality.
New is not always better: Virtual reality does not necessarily enhance mnemonic processing
Creators: name: Johnsdorf, Marike
name: Kim Anh, Pham
name: Schmidt, Tino
name: Truong, Van Ly
name: Wohnig, Andre
name: Kisker, Joanna
name: Gruber, Thomas
name: Schöne, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: memory
subject: virtual reality
subject: learning
subject: technology
subject: education
subject: 150 - Psychologie

description: Integrating new technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) can contribute to increasing efficiency in several areas relevant to society. VR can be applied in various contexts and has the potential to improve mnemonic processes and memory performance. However, the specific conditions under which VR is more beneficial than conventional learning methods remain unclear. To further investigate the value of VR for mnemonic processing, participants performed a memory task under three different conditions. For that task, they were presented with rules regarding the spatial arrangement of building blocks with a written text or a video in 2D on a screen or in 3D/360° with a head-mounted display. Following the learning session, memory performance was measured by a recognition test involving a multiple-choice questionnaire, in which participants had to mark the correct arrangement of building blocks, and a construction test, in which they had to arrange five different building blocks according to the rules learned. Additionally, participants had to arrange 38 building blocks according to the rules in a free recall test the following day. Surprisingly, results revealed no superiority effect for learning in VR. Instead, learning the rules with the text yielded the best memory performance results, indicating that prior experience with conventional learning methods facilitates declarative knowledge acquisition. Considering previous findings regarding cognitive processing in VR, our results suggest that in passive learning, processing the more salient and personally relevant virtual stimuli in the surrounding VR environment requires more attentional resources. Therefore, VR impairs focusing on the relevant declarative information and impedes the transfer of the learned knowledge to different contexts. When considering to implement VR, the value to the particular domain and specific learning task should be taken into consideration: For learning basic declarative information without actively involving the students, conventional learning methods seem sufficient and more efficient for mnemonic processing compared to new technologies.
User-driven Intelligent Interface on the Basis of Multimodal Augmented Reality and Brain-Computer Interaction for People with Functional Disabilities
Creators: name: Stirenko, S.
name: Gordienko, Yu.
name: Shemsedinov, T.
name: Alienin, O.
name: Kochura, Yu.
name: Gordienko, N.
name: Rojbi, A.
name: Benito, J. R. López
name: González, E. Artetxe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The analysis of the current integration attempts of some modes and use cases of user-machine interaction is presented. The new concept of the user-driven intelligent interface is proposed on the basis of multimodal augmented reality and brain-computer interaction for various applications: in disabilities studies, education, home care, health care, etc. The several use cases of multimodal augmentation are presented. The perspectives of the better human comprehension by the immediate feedback through neurophysical channels by means of brain-computer interaction are outlined. It is shown that brain-computer interface (BCI) technology provides new strategies to overcome limits of the currently available user interfaces, especially for people with functional disabilities. The results of the previous studies of the low end consumer and open-source BCI-devices allow us to conclude that combination of machine learning (ML), multimodal interactions (visual, sound, tactile) with BCI will profit from the immediate feedback from the actual neurophysical reactions classified by ML methods. In general, BCI in combination with other modes of AR interaction can deliver much more information than these types of interaction themselves. Even in the current state the combined AR-BCI interfaces could provide the highly adaptable and personal services, especially for people with functional disabilities.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, submitted to Future of Information and Communication Conference (FICC) 2018, 5-6 April 2018, Singapore
title: Development and Characterization of a FKBP51FK1 Affinity Matrix for Protein-Protein Interaction Studies
Creators: name: Merz, Stephanie Katharina
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: The FK506 binding protein 51 (FKBP51) plays a role in psychiatric diseases such as major depression and anxiety. Several studies indicated that FKBP51 is also related to cancer, chronic pain and metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes. However, the underlying cellular and molecular biological mechanisms are poorly understood. FKBP51 belongs to the FKBP protein family that includes several FK506 binding proteins sharing structural identities. In the last years, FKBP51 has emerged as a drug target, even though the structural similarity of FKBPs makes the development of selective FKBP ligands still challenging. Two FKBP lead compounds, SAFit1 and SAFit2, showing selectivity for FKBP51 in comparison with the biological counterpart FKBP52, were developed by the Hausch research group some years ago. Both compounds interact with the binding pocket of the FK1 domain. Unfortunately, the biological function of FKBP51 and the cellular effects of FKBP ligands are hardly understood until now. The aim of the PhD project was to gain insights into the FKBP51 protein interaction network. The identification of FKBP51 binding partners is a good starting point for elucidating cellular functions, the underlying signal transduction and signaling pathways of FKBP51. The project was focused on the enrichment of potential FKBP51 binding proteins interacting with the binding pocket of the FK1 domain. For this purpose, a FKBP51FK1 affinity matrix was developed and the affinity matrix preparation protocol was optimized. A fluorescence-based binding assay was developed to characterize the FKBP51FK1 affinity matrix. The binding pocket integrity was shown by the binding and competitive elution of a fluorescein-labeled FKBP ligand. A pull-down assay applying FKBP51FK1 as bait was developed to enrich potential FKBP51 binding proteins from cell lysates. The protein enrichment was assessed by a bottom-up proteomic approach in cooperation with SINTEF Industry in Trondheim. Another part of the PhD thesis dealt with the characterization of new FKBP ligands by competitive fluorescence polarization assays. Here, high affinity ligands showing dissociation constants in the picomolar range were discovered. In addition to that, a macrocyclic compound showing selectivity for FKBP51 in comparison with FKBP12 was identified.
Symmetric Toda, gradient flows, and tridiagonalization
Creators: name: Bloch, Anthony M.
name: Karp, Steven N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Toda lattice (1967) is a Hamiltonian system given by $n$ points on a line governed by an exponential potential. Flaschka (1974) showed that the Toda lattice is integrable by interpreting it as a flow on the space of symmetric tridiagonal $n\times n$ matrices, while Moser (1975) showed that it is a gradient flow on a projective space. The symmetric Toda flow of Deift, Li, Nanda, and Tomei (1986) generalizes the Toda lattice flow from tridiagonal to all symmetric matrices. They showed the flow is integrable, in the classical sense of having $d$ integrals in involution on its $2d$-dimensional phase space. The system may be viewed as integrable in other ways as well. Firstly, Symes (1980, 1982) solved it explicitly via $QR$-factorization and conjugation. Secondly, Deift, Li, Nanda, and Tomei (1986) 'tridiagonalized' the system into a family of tridiagonal Toda lattices which are solvable and integrable. In this paper we derive their tridiagonalization procedure in a natural way using the fact that the symmetric Toda flow is diffeomorphic to a twisted gradient flow on a flag variety, which may then be decomposed into flows on a product of Grassmannians. These flows may in turn be embedded into projective spaces via Plücker embeddings, and mapped back to tridiagonal Toda lattice flows using Moser's construction. In addition, we study the tridiagonalized flows projected onto a product of permutohedra, using the twisted moment map of Bloch, Flaschka, and Ratiu (1990). These ideas are facilitated in a natural way by the theory of total positivity, building on our previous work (2023).
description: 21 pages
Uq[OSp(3|2)] quantum chains with quantum group invariant boundaries
Creators: name: Frahm, Holger
name: Martins, Márcio J.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : North-Holland Publ. Co.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: analytical Bethe-Ansatz
subject: conformal-invariance
subject: operstor conent
subject: contiunm-limit
subject: transfer-matrix
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Based on the finite-size analysis of the spectrum of the quantum group invariant deformation of the OSp(3|2) superspin chain we identify the operator content of the conformal field theory describing the model in its scaling limit. We find that the macroscopic degeneracy of the conformal weights observed in the thermodynamic limit of the isotropic superspin chain is lifted by the deformation.
Phase diagrams of the extended Bose-Hubbard model in one dimension by Monte-Carlo simulation with the help of a stochastic-series expansion
Creators: name: Kawaki, Keima
name: Kuno, Yoshihito
name: Ichinose, Ikuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study phase diagrams of the extended Bose-Hubbard model (EBHM) in one dimension by means of the quantum Monte-Carlo (QMC) simulation using the stochastic-series expansion (SSE).In the EBHM, there exists a nearest-neighbor repulsion as well as the on-site repulsion. In the SSE-QMC simulation, the highest particle number at each site, $n_c$, is also a controllable parameter, and we found that the phase diagrams depend on the value of $n_c$. It is shown that in addition to the Mott insulator, superfluid, density wave, the phase so-called Haldane insulator and supersolid appear in the phase diagrams, and their locations in the phase diagrams are clarified.
description: 9 pages and 13 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Non-equilibrium thermal transport and vacuum expansion in the Hubbard model
Creators: name: Karrasch, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most straightforward ways to study thermal properties beyond linear response is to monitor the relaxation of an arbitrarily large left-right temperature gradient $T_L-T_R$. In one-dimensional systems which support ballistic thermal transport, the local energy currents $\langle j(t)\rangle$ acquire a non-zero value at long times, and it was recently investigated whether or not this steady state fulfills a simple additive relation $\langle j(t\to\infty)\rangle=f(T_L)-f(T_R)$ in integrable models. In this paper, we probe the non-equilibrium dynamics of the Hubbard chain using density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) numerics. We show that the above form provides an effective description of thermal transport in this model; violations are below the finite-time accuracy of the DMRG. As a second setup, we study how an initially equilibrated system radiates into different non-thermal states (such as the vacuum).
On the Origin of Questions in Process Mining Projects - Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Zerbato, Francesca
name: Koorn, Jelmer J.
name: Beerepoot, Iris
name: Weber, Barbara
name: Reijers, Hajo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Supplementary Material for the article: "On the Origin of Questions in Process Mining Projects", to appear in EDOC 2022.
The mechanisms of self-organised criticality in social processes of knowledge creation
Creators: name: Tadic, Bosiljka
name: Dankulov, Marija Mitrovic
name: Melnik, Roderick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the online social dynamics, a robust scaling behaviour appears as a key feature of many collaborative efforts that lead to the new social value. The underlying empirical data thus offer a unique opportunity to study the origin of self-organised criticality in social systems. In contrast to physical systems in the laboratory, various human attributes of the actors play an essential role in the process along with the contents (cognitive, emotional) of the communicated artefacts. As a prototypal example, we consider the social endeavour of knowledge creation via Questions\ \& Answers (Q\&A). Using a large empirical dataset from one of such Q\&A sites and theoretical modelling, we examine the temporal correlations at all scales and the role of cognitive contents to the avalanches of the knowledge creation process. Our analysis shows that the long-range correlations and the event clustering are primarily determined by the universal social dynamics, providing the external driving of the system by the arrival of new users. While the involved cognitive contents (systematically annotated in the data and observed in the model) are crucial for a fine structure of the developing knowledge networks, they only affect the values of the scaling exponents and the geometry of large avalanches and shape the multifractal spectrum. Furthermore, we find that the level of the activity of the communities that share the knowledge correlates with the fluctuations of the innovation rate, implying that the increase of innovation may serve as the active principle of self-organisation. To identify relevant parameters and unravel the role of the network evolution underlying the process in the social system under consideration, we compare the social avalanches to the avalanche sequences occurring in the field-driven physical model of disordered solids.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Chaos and fast scrambling delays of dyonic Kerr-Sen-AdS$_4$ black hole and its ultra-spinning version
Creators: name: Prihadi, Hadyan Luthfan
name: Zen, Freddy Permana
name: Dwiputra, Donny
name: Ariwahjoedi, Seramika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scrambling time and its delay are calculated using holography in an asymptotically AdS black hole solution of the gauged Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton-Axion (EMDA) theory, the dyonic Kerr-Sen-AdS$_4$ black hole, perturbed by rotating and charged shock waves along the equator. The leading term of the scrambling time for a black hole with large entropy is logarithmic in the entropy and hence supports the fast scrambling conjecture for this black hole solution, which implies that the system under consideration is chaotic. We also find that the instantaneous minimal Lyapunov index is bounded by $κ=2πT_H/(1-μ\mathcal{L})$, which is analogous to the surface gravity but for the rotating shock waves, and becomes closer to equality for the near extremal black hole. For a small value of the AdS scale, we found that the Lyapunov exponent can exceed the bound for a large value of $\mathcal{L}$. Due to the presence of the electric and magnetic charge of the shock waves, we also show that the scrambling process of this holographic system is delayed by a time scale that depends on the charges of the shock waves. The calculations also hold for the ultra-spinning version of this black hole. The result of this paper generalizes the holographic calculations of chaotic systems which are described by an EMDA theory in the bulk.
description: 19 pages
Perception On Green Entrepreneurial Opportunities In Wastewater Management Implications For Sustainable Economic Growth In Nigeria.pdf
Creators: name: Orji, Evelyn   Ijeoma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The world’s wastewater – 80 percent of which is released into the environment without adequate treatment – is a valuable resource from which clean water, energy, nutrients, and other resources can be recovered. As population grows and urbanization increases, more wastewater is generated and there is need to create more awareness on the health, economic and environmental implications of poorly disposed wastewater. Climate change, global warming and other related environmental challenges such as water pollution presently pose as a threat to biodiversity and sustainable economic growth in Nigeria. However, within these environmental challenges are selfreliant opportunities, one of which is green entrepreneurship in wastewater management. Perceivably, this has implications for sustainable economic growth in Nigeria. This paper calls for smarter wastewater management, including reuse and resource recovery. It also examined wastewater management projects in Nigeria which have paid dividends for people, the environment, and economies in the short and long-term. This paper concludes by highlighting the economic, environmental and health benefits of wastewater management for sustainable development in Nigeria. KEYWORDS: Economic Growth, Green Entrepreneurship, Waste Water Management, Sustainable Development, Nigeria.
title: Prix de thèse Islam Moyen-Orient et mondes musulmans, édition 2023
Publisher: name: EHESS
Year: 2024

description: Le Groupement d’Intérêt Scientifique (GIS) Moyen-Orient et Mondes Musulmans et l’Institut d’étude de l’Islam et des Sociétés du Monde Musulman (IISMM) sont heureux de publier le palmarès 2023 des Prix IMOMM.
Transport in quasiperiodic interacting systems: from superdiffusion to subdiffusion
Creators: name: Lev, Yevgeny Bar
name: Kennes, Dante M.
name: Klöckner, Christian
name: Reichman, David R.
name: Karrasch, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a combination of numerically exact and renormalization-group techniques we study the nonequilibrium transport of electrons in an one-dimensional interacting system subject to a quasiperiodic potential. For this purpose we calculate the growth of the mean-square displacement as well as the melting of domain walls. While the system is nonintegrable for all studied parameters, there is no on finite region default of parameters for which we observe diffusive transport. In particular, our model shows a rich dynamical behavior crossing over from superdiffusion to subdiffusion. We discuss the implications of our results for the general problem of many-body localization, with a particular emphasis on the rare region Griffiths picture of subdiffusion.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. A more detailed analysis of the dynamical exponents extraction and discussion of the relevant times. Adds a log-derivative for the FRG section