cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Outwitting EF-Tu and the ribosome
title: translation with d-amino acids
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Achenbach, John
name: Jahnz, Michael
name: Bethge, Lucas
name: Paal, Krisztina
name: Jung, Maria
name: Schuster, Maja
name: Albrecht, Renate
name: Jarosch, Florian
name: Nierhaus, Knud H.
name: Klussmann, Sven
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Key components of the translational apparatus, i.e. ribosomes, elongation factor EF-Tu and most aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, are stereoselective and prevent incorporation of d-amino acids (d-aa) into polypeptides. The rare appearance of d-aa in natural polypeptides arises from post-translational modifications or non-ribosomal synthesis. We introduce an in vitro translation system that enables single incorporation of 17 out of 18 tested d-aa into a polypeptide; incorporation of two or three successive d-aa was also observed in several cases. The system consists of wild-type components and d-aa are introduced via artificially charged, unmodified tRNAGly that was selected according to the rules of ‘thermodynamic compensation’. The results reveal an unexpected plasticity of the ribosomal peptidyltransferase center and thus shed new light on the mechanism of chiral discrimination during translation. Furthermore, ribosomal incorporation of d-aa into polypeptides may greatly expand the armamentarium of in vitro translation towards the identification of peptides and proteins with new properties and functions.
Smart Computers and Strong Lensing: Galaxy Evolution and Cosmology
Creators: name: Jacobs, Colin
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Einstein's Theory of General Relativity predicts a rare phenomenon called "gravitational lensing", where a massive body causes curvature in spacetime and acts as a giant cosmic lens. This work explores the application of a machine learning technique, convolutional neural networks, to finding images of gravitational lenses amongst large databases of astronomical data. Due to their rarity, we chose to train the machine using simulations. Using this technique we were able to make over five hundred new discoveries.
An investigation of the effect of flow obstructions on critical heat flux, pressure drop and heat transfer.
Creators: name: Vaitekunas, David A.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Mechanical.

description: A series of single-phase and two-phase flow experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of flow obstructions on heat transfer, pressure drop, and critical heat flux inside an 8 mm tube. A novel technique of positioning flow obstructions using an external magnetic ring was used to vary the type, spacing, and number of obstacles. Experiments on a single 18%-area and 30%-area ring in liquid Freon-134a show a maximum increase in heat transfer of 10% to 60% at the flow obstacle, and an exponential decay in relative enhancement over 5 to 10 diameters downstream. The associated pressure drop for the 18% ring and 30% ring show a head loss coefficient of 0.12 and 0.26, respectively. A total of 755 CHF data points were obtained for both 30% rings and 3 x 6% area square blockages in Freon-134a and Freon-22. Relative increases of 60% to 100% were obtained in CHF for the same local quality, and 20% to 50% for the same inlet temperature. The results show an exponential rise in CHF with decreased spacing from the exit. There was no accumulative effect (at the exit) when more than 1 obstacle was used to increase CHF, and no decrease in nominal CHF was observed. Analytical models of dryout in annular flow were implemented using an object-oriented framework to simulate the effect of various flow enhancement mechanisms on CHF. Numerous reference tube models were assessed for use in enhancement model analysis. Detailed analysis of liquid film stripping, droplet impingement, and mass transfer enhancement using the models of Whalley et al. (1974), and Hewitt and Govan (1990) show that droplet impingement and mass transfer enhancement are the most likely causes of increased CHF. A 10% to 30% run-off of the entrained liquid impinging on the flow obstruction surface is enough to produce a maximum increase of 20% to 50% in predicted CHF for the same inlet temperature. Subsequently, increases in mass transfer up to 150% to 180% over 30 to 50 diameters are necessary to produce the same CHF enhancement. A different set of flow enhancement parameters were required for each inlet condition, given the complex nature of flow around the obstacle, current limitations in the reference models, and the analytical equivalency between both droplet impingement and mass transfer enhancement. Several recommendations are made for further research in the areas of reference tube modeling, flow visualization, obstacle modeling, and object-oriented simulation.
Biophysical model of bacterial cell interactions with nanopatterned cicada wing surfaces
Creators: name: Pogodin, Sergey
name: Hasan, Jafar
name: Baulin, Vladimir A.
name: Webb, Hayden
name: Truong, Vi Khanh
name: Phong Nguyen, The Hong
name: Boshkovikj, Veselin
name: Fluke, Christopher
name: Watson, Gregory S.
name: Watson, Jolanta A.
name: Crawford, Russell
name: Ivanova, Elena
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3406
subject: Physical chemistry
classificationCode: 4018
subject: Nanotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: The nanopattern on the surface of Clanger cicada (Psaltoda claripennis) wings represents the first example of a new class of biomaterials that can kill bacteria on contact based solely on their physical surface structure. The wings provide a model for the development of novel functional surfaces that possess an increased resistance to bacterial contamination and infection. We propose a biophysical model of the interactions between bacterial cells and cicada wing surface structures, and show that mechanical properties, in particular cell rigidity, are key factors in determining bacterial resistance/sensitivity to the bactericidal nature of the wing surface. We confirmed this experimentally by decreasing the rigidity of surface-resistant strains through microwave irradiation of the cells, which renders them susceptible to the wing effects. Our findings demonstrate the potential benefits of incorporating cicada wing nanopatterns into the design of antibacterial nanomaterials.
Aminoglycoside-driven biosynthesis of selenium-deficient Selenoprotein P
Creators: name: Renko, Kostja
name: Martitz, Janine
name: Hybsier, Sandra
name: Heynisch, Bjoern
name: Voss, Linn
name: Everley, Robert A.
name: Gygi, Steven P.
name: Stoedter, Mette
name: Wisniewska, Monika
name: Köhrle, Josef
name: Gladyshev, Vadim N.
name: Schomburg, Lutz
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Hepatocytes
subject: Selenium-binding proteins
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Selenoprotein biosynthesis relies on the co-translational insertion of selenocysteine in response to UGA codons. Aminoglycoside antibiotics interfere with ribosomal function and may cause codon misreading. We hypothesized that biosynthesis of the selenium (Se) transporter selenoprotein P (SELENOP) is particularly sensitive to antibiotics due to its ten in frame UGA codons. As liver regulates Se metabolism, we tested the aminoglycosides G418 and gentamicin in hepatoma cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B and Hepa1-6) and in experimental mice. In vitro, SELENOP levels increased strongly in response to G418, whereas expression of the glutathione peroxidases GPX1 and GPX2 was marginally affected. Se content of G418-induced SELENOP was dependent on Se availability, and was completely suppressed by G418 under Se-poor conditions. Selenocysteine residues were replaced mainly by cysteine, tryptophan and arginine in a codon-specific manner. Interestingly, in young healthy mice, antibiotic treatment failed to affect Selenop biosynthesis to a detectable degree. These findings suggest that the interfering activity of aminoglycosides on selenoprotein biosynthesis can be severe, but depend on the Se status, and other parameters likely including age and general health. Focused analyses with aminoglycoside-treated patients are needed next to evaluate a possible interference of selenoprotein biosynthesis by the antibiotics and elucidate potential side effects.
3287807.pdf
Creators: name: Atzeni, Simone
name: Rab, Syed Adil
name: Corrielli, Giacomo
name: Polino, Emanuele
name: Valeri, Mauro
name: Mataloni, Paolo
name: Spagnolo, Nicolo
name: Crespi, Andrea
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
name: Osellame, Roberto
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Extended description of device fabrication and characterization
Trade and Contact between the Athapascan Regional Bands and the Northwest Coast Cultures
Creators: name: Croes, Dale R.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This WSU Graduate School paper attempts to explain trade and contact relationships found in late prehistoric and early White contact periods among the Pacific Drainage Athapascans and the Northwest Coast of North America. The locations and subdivisions of these regional bands are shown on the following map, page 2 (after Osgood, 1958). The specific Athapascan and Coastal regions dealt with here are colored in yellow. The Atha­pascan regions will be handled consecutively, and certain regions will be grouped because of their interconnection with particular trade re­gions. The routes of trade, trade goods, and processes of exchange will be most of the criteria examined here, yet the cultural relationships, during this time period, will be the important data considered here, for it is in the realm of their relationships that they established their contacts. In other words, each group had culturally shared ideas on how to approach and exchange with other cultural groups, and these cultural connections for this time period will be considered important here following the assumption that the cultural view of groups towards trade resources from other groups can be considered similar to their cultural views towards other environmental resources sought by the group; the main difference being they have to develop, patterns towards other cultures rather than towards the environment. The important ques­tion here then is how were these cultural relationships characterized between the different regions and particularly between the coast and in­terior? It will be seen that the factors answering this question vary between each regional band and also varies through time.
Le récit dans le théâtre contemporain.
Creators: name: Desorchers, Nadine.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Literature, Canadian (French).

description: Le théâtre contemporain se distingue par sa propension évidente à une parole pléthorique, qui impose le récit comme mode d'énonciation du discours théâtral. Au cours des vingt dernières années, la structure théâtrale a éclaté, offrant des juxtapositions de niveaux temporels tout en privilégiant les retours sur le passé, ce qui a permis au récit de prendre de plus en plus d'ampleur. La scène s'est ainsi peuplée de personnages venant raconter leur parcours et confesser leurs travers. L'omniprésence de la narration, contraire aux principes artistotéliciens, appelait une nouvelle définition du concept de récit, puisque sa définition traditionnelle, «narration d'un événement survenu hors-scène», ne pouvait rendre compte d'une pratique où la parole, plus que jamais, se fait action. C'est donc à la lumière des différentes modalités du récit dans les dramaturgies françaises et québécoises contemporaines que la présente étude a tenté d'élaborer de nouveaux outils propres à l'analyse du théâtre contemporain, qui oblige à une remise en question des rapports entre personnage et spectateur. L'abondance des monologues, dans lesquels s'affiche, impudique, l'intimité d'un personnage en quête d'une histoire comme d'un interlocuteur, prive le spectateur de ses repères classiques, tels la fiction et la communication intrascénique, du «quatrième mur» naturaliste. Le récit, contaminé par des procédés romanesques, poétiques ou musicaux, offre aux acteurs des partitions élaborées, pour soliste ou pour chceur. Mais ces partitions de parole, par leur appel au souffle et à la voix, viennent «re-théâtraliser» le récit qui, loin d'être un «pis-aller» dramaturgie, devient la pierre de touche d'une nouvelle dramaturgie.
title: Invisible Violence
title: An Institutional Ethnography of a Batterer Intervention Program
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Foster, Cheyenne
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2029
Subjects: Batterer Intervention Program
Feminism
Institutional Ethnography
Intimate Partner Violence
Oppression
Violence

description: In June of 2020, Violence Free Colorado released an open letter entitled “Moment of Truth” in which over forty sexual assault and domestic violence coalitions around the United States signed. This statement was intended to highlight the coercive, violent, and racist partnerships with the criminal justice system in agencies that do anti-violence work. Involved in this work are batterer intervention programs (BIP) that partner with criminal justice agencies for referrals and funding. To explore these issues further, this dissertation implemented an institutional ethnographic (IE) design rooted in the standpoint of the experiences of the clinicians and staff to uncover institutionalized ruling relations around which organizational practices are coordinated. Using a mixed-method approach consisting of in-depth interviews, participant-observation, and textual analysis, this study sought to uncover how systems of oppression permeate and translate violence in a batterer intervention program in a Pacific Northwest metropolitan setting. Applying Young’s (2011) theoretical framework of oppression to the analysis, themes of exploitation, marginalization, powerlessness, cultural imperialism, and violence emerged at an organizational level with staff as well as being translated onto clients. The ruling relations that emerged highlight macrolevel institutional influences that impede and harm program fidelity which work against eradicating intimate partner violence.
Greenhouse - Gas - Neutrality in Germany until 2050
Creators: name: Berger, Juliane
name: Fee, Eric
name: Hain, Benno
name: Günther, Jens
name: Knoche, Guido
name: Purr, Katja
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2019
Subjects: Klimaneutralität
Ressourcenerhaltung
Nachhaltige Bewirtschaftung
Energiewende
Energieeffizienz
Klimaschutz
Windenergie
Photovoltaik
Erneuerbare Energie

description: The success of climate and natural resource protection depends amongst others on the expansion of renewable energies. The policy paper describes the central results of the RESCUE study as well as the challenges and steps required to expand renewable energies in order to achieve greenhouse gas neutrality, and for Germany to make an appropriate contribution to the Paris Climate Agreement. Quelle: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de
title: Advancing REACH - The Restriction Procedure
title: Advancing REACH - The Restriction Procedure
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Wirth, Olaf
name: Reihlen, Antonia
name: Jepsen, Dirk
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: REACH-System
subject: Regulierung
subject: REACH
subject: restriction procedure
subject: risks of substances
subject: Regulation
subject: workload for authorities
subject: Chemicals

description: Dieser Bericht ist Teil des Ressortforschungsplan Vorhabens "REACH-Weiterentwicklung", das basierend auf Analysen verschiedener REACH-Prozesse sowie angrenzender Fragestellungen (Substitution, Nachhaltige Chemie, Vorsorgeprinzip, Erzeugnisse, Kosten-Nutzen Analysen, Sozio-Ökomische Analysen, Finanzierung der ECHA) Optionen für eine Verbesserung der (Umsetzung der) REACH-Verordnung entwickelt. Auf der Grundlage einer Literaturauswertung und Fallstudien zu ausgewählten Beschränkungen, untersucht diese Teilstudie den Beschränkungsprozess, identifiziert Defizite in der Effizienz des Verfahrens und zeigt Optionen für eine verbesserte Umsetzung auf, einschließlich Veränderungen im Rechtstext. Insgesamt funktioniert das Beschränkungsverfahren gut. Dennoch gibt es einige Aspekte, durch die die Arbeitsbelastung der Behörden verringert und das Verfahren schneller durchlaufen werden könnte. Quelle: Forschungsbericht
description: This report is provided in the scope of the project 'Advancing REACH', funded by the research plan of the German Ministry of the Environment. The project aims to develop options to improve the implementation of REACH by analysing various REACH processes and related issues, including substitution, sustainable chemistry, precautionary principle, articles, cost-benefit analyses, socio-economic analyses and financing ECHA. Based on a literature review and case studies of selected restrictions, this sub-study assesses the restriction process, identifies deficits in its efficiency and points out options for an improved implementation, including changes in the legal text. Overall, the restriction procedure is evaluated as working well. Nevertheless, the authorities' workload could be reduced and the procedure be accelerated in several aspects. Quelle: Forschungsbericht
description: The restriction process is a central instrument of ⁠REACH⁠ to regulate risks of substances by means of a restriction or prohibition for certain concentration ranges and uses. This project analysed the current implementation of the process based on a literature review and case studies with a focus on the workload for authorities, the duration of the procedure and the role oft he committees. Overall, the restriction procedure is evaluated as working well - nevertheless, the authorities’ workload could be reduced and the procedure be accelerated. The report comes up with proposals to make the restriction procedure more simple, efficient and faster.
Molecular Organization of the Nanoscale Surface Structures of the Dragonfly Hemianax papuensis Wing Epicuticle
Creators: name: Ivanova, Elena
name: Nguyen, Song Ha
name: Webb, Hayden
name: Hasan, Jafar
name: Truong, Vi Khanh
name: Lamb, Robert N.
name: Duan, Xiaofei
name: Tobin, Mark J.
name: Mahon, Peter
name: Crawford, Russell
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The molecular organization of the epicuticle (the outermost layer) of insect wings is vital in the formation of the nanoscale surface patterns that are responsible for bestowing remarkable functional properties. Using a combination of spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, including Synchrotron-sourced Fourier-transform infrared microspectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) depth profiling and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), we have identified the chemical components that constitute the nanoscale structures on the surface of the wings of the dragonfly, Hemianax papuensis. The major components were identified to be fatty acids, predominantly hexadecanoic acid and octadecanoic acid, and n-alkanes with even numbered carbon chains ranging from C14 to C30. The data obtained from XPS depth profiling, in conjunction with that obtained from GCMS analyses, enabled the location of particular classes of compounds to different regions within the epicuticle. Hexadecanoic acid was found to be a major component of the outer region of the epicuticle, which forms the surface nanostructures, and was also detected in deeper layers along with octadecanoic acid. Aliphatic compounds were detected throughout the epicuticle, and these appeared to form a third discrete layer that was separate from both the inner and outer epicuticles, which has never previously been reported.
Fractionation of organic liquid mixtures by reverse osmosis.
Creators: name: Fang, Yi.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Chemical.

description: A systematic investigation has been conducted to demonstrate the general applicability of reverse osmosis (RO) fractionation of organic liquid mixtures by laboratory prepared cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) and aromatic polyamide (PA) membranes. Surface excess values have been determined by liquid chromatography (LC) technique for the four model organic liquid mixtures for CAB and PA materials. The principal findings of this study are: (i) separations take place in all the four model organic liquid mixtures, and PA membranes given separations higher than CAB membranes under same experimental conditions; (ii) preferential sorption exists in all the four model systems for CAB and PA materials, (iii) the RO results are explained by the combined consideration of surface excess data determined from LC, and Stokes' Law radius calculated from literature data.
title: THE BLOCK ALBUM
title: HIP-HOP'S REIMAGINING OF BLACK LIFE
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ross, Charles  Allen
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Black Public Sphere
Hip-Hop
Hood Films
Social Death
Music

description: This project is an examination of the ways Hip-hop builds a Black Public Sphere that challenges the hegemonic public sphere. In this examination I call this Black Public Sphere the ‘Block’. On the Block, Hip-hop reimagines Black life to produce a Black social life that is in defiance of social death and prison life. Specifically, this project is concerned with the Blocks of Erykah Badu, Mos Def, Dead Prez, Killer Mike, Jay-Z, and Nipsey Hussle. Additionally, this examination takes a look at what I call Neo-Hood Films. The films that are analyzed are ‘The After Party’ and ‘Dope’. The analysis of these films articulates the ways in which they infuse elements of Hip-hop to create Blocks to challenge past notions of Blackness and masculinity. Finally, this project concludes by asking how can we use the idea of the Block in the pursuit of freedom.
What makes an ideal global stocktake?
Creators: name: Hermwille, Lukas
name: Siemons, Anne
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Emissionsminderung
Klimaschutz
Klimaänderung

description: Many hope that the Global Stocktake under the Paris Agreement can become a catalyst for increased mitigation ambition over time. Based on different theories of change, this paper outlines four governance functions for the Global Stocktake. It can contribute to the Paris Agreement as a pacemaker (stimulating and synchronizing policy processes across governance levels), by ensuring accountability of Parties, by enhancing ambition through benchmarks for action and transformative learning, and by reiterating and refining the guidance and signal provided from the Paris Agreement. The paper further outlines process- and information-related preconditions that would enable an ideal Global Stocktake. Quelle: Umweltbundesamt
Facilitating intimacy: A comparative outcome study of emotionally focused and cognitive interventions.
Creators: name: Dandeneau, Michel L.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Psychology, Clinical.

description: The present study delineated intimacy from other confounding concepts in the literature and investigated the differential effects of two types of marital interventions taken from Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) and Cognitive Marital Therapy (CMT), on levels of marital intimacy, dyadic trust and dyadic adjustment. It was hypothesized that both EFT and CMT would have a positive effect on levels of intimacy, trust and adjustment as compared to a wait-list control group, and that there would be a differential effect in favor of EFT as compared to CMT. Thirty-six couples free of distress and seeking to enhance their intimate relationship were randomly assigned to EFT, CMT or a wait-list control group. Therapists' interventions were monitored and found to be faithfully implemented. Groups were equivalent on demographic variables and quality of therapeutic alliance. Results indicated that both EFT and CMT group means were higher than controls on the self-report measures of intimacy. Observational measures of intimacy revealed differential effects in favor of EFT as compared to CMT at posttest. At a ten-week follow-up, EFT group means were higher than CMT on self-reported intimacy and adjustment.
Modern radiation therapy and potential fertility preservation strategies in patients with cervical cancer undergoing chemoradiation
Creators: name: Ghadjar, Pirus
name: Budach, Volker
name: Köhler, Christhardt
name: Jantke, Andreas
name: Marnitz, Simone
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::619 Gynäkologie, Pädiatrie, Geriatrie

description: Young patients with cervical cancer who undergo chemoradiation might be interested in fertility preservation, not only dependent upon the use of a gestational carrier as maybe achieved by the use of ovarian transposition and cryo-conservation of oocytes or ovarian tissue, but may prefer to carry pregnancy to term after cancer treatment. The latter approach is a non- established concept needing both modern radiation therapy approaches as well as modifications -if at all possible- in current recommendations for target volume delineation to spare dose to the unaffected uterus. Future strategies to serve selected patients in this respect should only be conducted in prospective clinical evaluations and are critically discussed in this article.
Employment integration in Australia: Experiences of Serbian refugees from former Yugoslavia
Creators: name: Stapar, Stanko
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This thesis concentrates on the lived experiences of skilled refugees and explores their employment integration pathways over time, using life course analysis. The work explores vital yet neglected stories and voices in a qualitative study of Serbian refugee experiences. The findings address the research gap in regard to skills utilisation of Serbian refugees and offers policy advice and recommendations on how to improve policies and program delivery. Making better use of refugee skills brings benefits to society, employers and refugees themselves.
Le pouvoir fédéral de dépenser dans le cadre du droit constitutionnel canadien.
Creators: name: Maher, Michel.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Law.

description: Le pouvoir de depenser du gouvernement federal peut s'expliquer par l'importance des normes nationales dans l'application des principes egalitaires, et par l'importance de la notion de garantie de l'exercice des competences des provinces, dans le respect du partage des pouvoirs. Les instruments economiques dont dispose le Canada ont des objets et des limites varies: mentionnons les politiques monetaire, commerciale, budgetaire et fiscale. Le role de la politique fiscale comme instrument economique est lie a l'accroissement des engagements des Etats relativement aux regles de droit international economique. Ces regles conditionnent l'efficacite et la disponibilite des autres leviers economiques de l'Elat. Nous verrons qu'avec la reduction de l'efficacite des autres leviers economiques, la politique fiscale beneficie d'un effet compensateur. Durant toute la periode d'apres-guerre, un certain degre d'interventionnisme a ete l'epine dorsale des politiques economiques dans les pays de l'OCDE. Dans un Etat federal, ce phenomene s'actualise par le federalisme fiscal. L'interventionnisme s'exerce notamment par le pouvoir de depenser, qui correspond a un depassement des limites constitutionnelles dans l'exercice du pouvoir d'affectation des credits. Il constitue un instrument parmi d'autres de la politique fiscale. Sa source, sa nature et son efficacite dependent donc aussi du role et de l'importance de la politique fiscale. Il existe des regimes federaux qui reconnaissent explicitement ce pouvoir dans leurs lois fondamentales et d'autres ou celui-ci prend sa source dans diverses theories. Pourtant dans les deux cas, l'exercice du pouvoir de depenser constitue une fonction essentielle de l'Etat federal. Dans un Etat federal comme le Canada, les finances publiques sont structurees en fonction d'arrangements financiers entre l'Etat federe et l'Etat central. Or, ces accords sont determines par des facteurs conjoncturels et institutionnels. Les facteurs conjoncturels prennent une dimension toute particuliere alors que les collectivites federes administrent des budgets de plus en plus importants. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
title: Obergrenze für Emissionen im europäischen Emissionshandel muss schneller sinken - Potenziale dafür sind vorhanden
title: Obergrenze für Emissionen im europäischen Emissionshandel muss schneller sinken
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Zaklan, Aleksandar
name: Gibis, Claudia
name: Duscha, Vicki
name: Weiß, Jan
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Europäisches Emissionshandelssystem
Klimapolitik

description: Die EU-Kommission beabsichtigt, als Teil des "Europäischen Green Deals" im September 2020 einen Vorschlag zur Anhebung des europäischen Klimaschutzziels vorzulegen. Demnach sollen die Treibhausgas-Emissionen bis zum Jahr 2030 um 50 bis 55 Prozent (im Vergleich zu 1990) sinken, anstatt, wie nach derzeitigem Ziel, um nur 40 Prozent. Von einigen AkteurInnen wird sogar eine Minderung um bis zu 65 Prozent diskutiert. Dabei geht es auch um die Frage, welche Minderungsbeiträge die vom europäischen Emissionshandel (EU Emissions Trading System, EU-ETS) erfassten Sektoren erbringen sollen und können (Kasten 1). Als Basis für die EU-Langfriststrategie hat die europäische Kommission zudem in ihrer â€Ìstrategischen Visionâ€Ì das Erreichen von Klimaneutralität bis spätestens 2050 als Ziel formuliert. Quelle: https://www.diw.de
Heart rate as an early warning parameter and proxy for subsequent mortality in Danio rerio embryos exposed to ionisable substances
Creators: name: Gräff, Thomas
name: Schweizer, Mona
name: Von Der Ohe, Peter C.
name: Kühnen, Ute
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Risikoanalyse

description: Environmental risk assessments of organic chemicals usually do not consider pH as a key factor. Hence, most substances are tested at a single pH only, which may underestimate the toxicity of ionisable substances with a pKa in the range of 4-10. Thus, the ability to consider the pH-dependent toxicity would be crucial for a more realistic assessment. Moreover, there is a tendency in acute toxicity tests to focus on mortality only, while little attention is paid to sublethal endpoints. We used Danio rerio embryos exposed to ten ionisable substances (the acids diclofenac, ibuprofen, naproxen and triclosan and the bases citalopram, fluoxetine, metoprolol, propranolol, tramadol and tetracaine) at four external pH levels, investigating the endpoints mortality (LC50) and heart rate (EC20). Dose-response curves were fitted with an ensemble-model to determine the true uncertainty and variation around the mean endpoints. The ensemble considers eight (heart rate) or twelve (mortality) individual models for binominal and Poisson distributed data, respectively, selected based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). In case of equally good models, the mean endpoint of all models in the ensemble was calculated, resulting in more robust ECx estimates with lower 'standard errors' as compared to randomly selected individual models. We detected a high correlation between mortality (LC50) at 96 hpf and reduced heart rate (EC20) at 48 hpf for all compounds and all external pH levels (r = 0.98). Moreover, the observed pH-dependent effects were strongly associated with log D and thus, likely driven by differences in uptake (toxicokinetic) rather than internal (toxicodynamic) processes. Prospectively, the a priori consideration of pH-dependent effects of ionisable substances might make testing at different pH levels redundant, while the endpoint of mortality might even be replaced by a reliable sublethal proxy that would reduce the exposure, accelerating the evaluation process. © 2021 The Authors
Arsen in Abfällen
Creators: name: Wiedemann, Hartmut Ulf
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Industrieabfall
subject: Abfall
subject: Arsen
subject: Abfall | Ressourcen

description: Die historische Literaturstudie zum Thema Arsen in Abfällen gibt einen Überblick über Konzentrationen und Streubreiten von Arsen in industriellen Massenabfällen. Um ihre Bedeutung in der Abfallwirtschaft aufzuzeigen, wird die jeweilige Herkunft und Zusammensetzung dieser Industrieabfälle, ihr Mengenanfall und ihre Entsorgungswege in die Darstellung einbezogen, da die angesprochenen Abfälle nicht etwa wegen hoher Arsengehalte auffällig geworden sind, sondern weil sie kontinuierlich in großen Mengen anfallen. Das Mengenaufkommen hat zur Folge, dass Elemente wie Arsen, selbst wenn sie in den Abfällen nur als Nebenbestandteil oder lediglich in Spurenkonzentrationen (unter 100 mg/kg) vorkommen, sich dennoch zu nicht unbedenklichen Quantitäten aufsummieren.Die Studie verwendet an vielen Stellen historische Quellen und Daten. Die Daten und Beschreibungen stellen dabei eine Situation für Arsenabfälle dar, die sich zwischenzeitlich verändert hat. Der technische Fortschritt hat in vielen Fällen zu deutlichen Verbesserungen der Situation geführt. Eine Aussage über aktuelle Verfahren, Abfälle und Entsorgungswege kann daher aus der Studie nicht abgeleitet werden.Um ein Beispiel zu nennen: Es hat sich vieles am Anfall und der Entsorgung von Jarositschlamm sowie der Deponietechnik geändert. Hinsichtlich der Jarositschlamm wurde im vergangenen Jahrhundert eine zusätzliche Prozessstufe entwickelt und installiert, die eine Verbesserung des ursprünglichen Jarositabfalls zur Folge hatte, ebenso wie die Umstellung von Ammoniumjarosit auf Natriumjarosit, welcher weiter zu Jarofix verarbeitet wird. Der im Kap. 3.5 genannte „Jarositschlamm“ wird seit einigen Jahren als Jarofix in einer Qualität, die eine Einstufung in einer Deponieklasse DK 1 ermöglicht, deponiert.
Collagen Type III and VI Turnover in Response to Long-Term Immobilization
Creators: name: Sun, Shu
name: Henriksen, Kim
name: Karsdal, Morten A.
name: Byrjalsen, Inger
name: Rittweger, Jörn
name: Armbrecht, Gabriele
name: Belavy, Daniel L.
name: Felsenberg, Dieter
name: Nedergaard, Anders F.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Muscle mass and function are perturbed by immobilization and remobilization. When muscle mass changes, the quality and quantity of the extracellular matrix protein, particularly the collagens, change with it. In this study, we investigated the temporal profile of three peptide biomarkers derived from turnover of collagen type III and type VI in a long-term immobilization and remobilization study. We also compared individual biomarker levels with Lean body Mass (LBM) and changes therein, hypothesizing that these biomarkers would be biomarkers of the remodeling processes associated with immobilization and/or remobilization. Methods In the Berlin bed rest study, 20 young men were recruited and randomly assigned to 8-week’s strict bed rest with or without resistive vibration exercise countermeasure. We measured three neo-epitope ELISA kits in the serum samples of this study: Pro-C3, measured the synthesis of collagen type III; Pro-C6, measured the synthesis of collagen type VI; and C6M measured the degradation of collagen type VI induced by MMP-2 and MMP-9 cleavage. Results Pro-C3 and Pro-C6 biomarkers are up-regulated with both immobilization and remobilization, whereas C6M is hardly affected at all. We found that Pro-C3 and C6M levels are related to LBM at baseline and that high levels of Pro-C6 are associated with smaller changes in muscle mass during both immobilization and remobilization. Conclusion The Pro-C3 and–C6 biomarkers change likely reflect remodeling changes in response to unloading or reloading, whereas C6M does not appear to respond to unloading. Pro-C3 and C6M levels correlate with LBM at baseline, while Pro-C6 is related to the anabolic and catabolic responses to unloading and reloading.
Approaches to analysis and simplification of non-Markovian system models
Creators: name: Dankar, Fida Kamal
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: In this thesis, we present an algorithm to transform a subset of generalized semi-Markov processes into semi-Markov processes. The transformation preserves steady-state simulation, a simulation that allows us to retrieve the steady state probability of the generalized semi-Markov process from that of the transformed process. The method presented could generate semi-Markov processes with big state spaces, for that reason we introduce a two state simplification techniques. The first one deals with the state space explosion problem by deleting states from the original generalized semi-Markov process. The aim of this technique is to generate semi-Markov processes with smaller state space. The technique deletes states from the generalized semi-Markov process while preserving the distribution of time needed to travel between non-deleted states; the technique also preserves the transient state probabilities of a subset of the states in the process. The other technique deals with the state space explosion problem at the level of semi-Markov processes. It works by deleting states from the semi-Markov processes while preserving the average time to travel between non-deleted states, or what we call mean passage-time equivalence, the technique also preserves the steady state probabilities of a subset of the states in the process.
Epilithic diatom communities of selected streams from the Lerma-Chapala Basin, Central Mexico, with the description of two new species
Creators: name: Mora, Demetrio
name: Carmona, Javier
name: Jahn, Regine
name: Zimmermann, Jonas
name: Abarca, Nelida
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Central Mexico
subject: diatom communities
subject: epilithon
subject: indicator species
subject: Lerma-Chapala Basin
subject: mountain streams
subject: new species
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The Lerma-Chapala Basin, in Central Mexico, is geologically heterogeneous, climatically diverse and boasts high biodiversity, lying within two Biodiversity Hotspots, namely Mesoamerica and the Madrean Pine–Oak Woodlands. Epilithon and water samples were collected in the basin from 14 sampling sites three times each, two sampling campaigns during the rainy season and one in the dry season. A total of 274 infrageneric taxa in 48 genera were recorded. The taxonomic composition observed was dominated by taxa from the genera Nitzschia, Gomphonema, Pinnularia, Navicula, Sellaphora and Eunotia. About a third of the taxa found could not be identified to the species level. From those unidentified morphodemes, two are described as new species, namely Brachysira altepetlensis and Sellaphora queretana. Furthermore, Eolimna rhombica is transferred to Sellaphora. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed that specific conductivity and pH were the main environmental factors driving the community composition observed. Three groups of samples were identified after the CCA: 1) characterized by acidic waters and low conductivity; 2) with circumneutral waters, low specific conductivity and high temperature and phosphorous concentrations; and 3) characterized by circumneutral waters, high conductivity and low nitrogen concentrations. The indicator value method (IndVal), based on the relative abundance and relative frequency of the most abundant taxa was calculated based on the groups observed in the CCA, identifying the characteristic taxa for each of the three groups.
title: A Greener Common Agricultural Policy
title: A Greener Common Agricultural Policy
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: common agricultural policy
subject: agriculture
subject: greening
subject: cap
subject: reform
subject: Agriculture Commission
subject: KLU
subject: Landwirtschaft
subject: Abfall | Ressourcen
subject: Waste | Resources
subject: Agriculture

description: A revised Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) for 2014 - 2020 was agreed between the EU Commission, the Agriculture Council and the European Parliament in late June 2013. While the reform essentially follows Agriculture Commissioner Dacian Cioloș proposed agenda, the outcome became watered down in the course of negotiations. This is the conclusion reached by the Agriculture Commission at the German Federal Environment Agency (KLU), which has issued its assessment of the reform decisions in an opinion.
In Vitro HIV-1 Evolution in Response to Triple Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors & In Silico Phenotypic Analysis
Creators: name: Rath, Barbara A.
name: Yousef, Kaveh Pouran
name: Katzenstein, David K.
name: Shafer, Robert W.
name: Schütte, Christof
name: Kleist, Max Von
name: Merigan, Thomas C.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Effectiveness of ART regimens strongly depends upon complex interactions between the selective pressure of drugs and the evolution of mutations that allow or restrict drug resistance. Methods Four clinical isolates from NRTI-exposed, NNRTI-naive subjects were passaged in increasing concentrations of NVP in combination with 1 µM 3 TC and 2 µM ADV to assess selective pressures of multi-drug treatment. A novel parameter inference procedure, based on a stochastic viral growth model, was used to estimate phenotypic resistance and fitness from in vitro combination passage experiments. Results Newly developed mathematical methods estimated key phenotypic parameters of mutations arising through selective pressure exerted by 3 TC and NVP. Concentrations of 1 µM 3 TC maintained the M184V mutation, which was associated with intrinsic fitness deficits. Increasing NVP concentrations selected major NNRTI resistance mutations. The evolutionary pathway of NVP resistance was highly dependent on the viral genetic background, epistasis as well as stochasticity. Parameter estimation indicated that the previously unrecognized mutation L228Q was associated with NVP resistance in some isolates. Conclusion Serial passage of viruses in the presence of multiple drugs may resemble the selection of mutations observed among treated individuals and populations in vivo and indicate evolutionary preferences and restrictions. Phenotypic resistance estimated here “in silico” from in vitro passage experiments agreed well with previous knowledge, suggesting that the unique combination of “wet-” and “dry-lab” experimentation may improve our understanding of HIV-1 resistance evolution in the future.
A randomized trial of a computerized versus an audio-booklet decision aid for women considering post-menopausal hormone replacement therapy.
Creators: name: Rostom, Alaa.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology.

description: Background. Decision support interventions (DSIs) are interventions used by patients and their practitioners to help make difficult shared healthcare decisions. The efficacy of these interventions is well established. However, there are no formal comparisons of the efficacy of different delivery methods. Interactive computerized delivery methods have the advantage of allowing patients to control the flow of information and to receive feedback on their comprehension. Objective. To compare the efficacy of an interactive computerized DSI for women considering long term hormone replacement therapy (HRT), to that of a validated audio-booklet-based version of the same intervention. Study design. Fifty-one peri- and post-menopausal women aged 40--70 who were literate in English, and who showed no evidence of cognitive impairment, were randomized to use either the computerized or the standard audio-booklet version of the DSI. The patients were interviewed with a pre- and post-intervention questionnaire. Interventions. (1) Standard audio-booklet-based decision aid: A 40-minute audio tape guided participants through an illustrated booklet describing the risks and benefits of post-menopausal HRT. (2) Interactive computer based decision aid: The computerized version of the DSI presents identical information as synchronized text/audio/animation. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Indelible impressions: Tattoos and tattooing in the context of incarceration.
Creators: name: McDonough, Jodi Michelle.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Anthropology, Cultural.

description: In consideration of the prevalence and popularity of tattoos among our prison population, I argue that the disciplinary institution and the carceral experience may have an effect upon the function and value of tattoos for the prisoner. My approach to analysis is informed by the application of discourse analysis in the work of James Messerschmidt on the construction of masculinity, and Michel Foucault on the body of the condemned within the dynamics of the disciplinary institution. Given such insights and theoretical underpinnings, the purpose of this qualitative study is to explore whether the prison and the experience of incarceration has an effect upon the meaning, value and appeal of tattoos among Canadian prisoners, and more specifically, among men serving life sentences. I conducted eight non-directive interviews with incarcerated lifers concerning tattooing and their tattoos. Following the interviews, I undertook a time frame analysis in order to organize and examine the subjects' experiences with tattooing during three different time periods, these being, prior to incarceration, during incarceration, and today. Given the exploratory nature of my study, my research may be more accurately conceptualized as an exercise in logic of discovery rather than an exercise in the logic of verification. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Antibiotika-Rückstände im oberflächennahen Grundwasser in Nordwestdeutschland
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Antibiotika
Tierarzneimittel
Grundwasser
Wirtschaftsdünger

description: Antibiotika werden sowohl in der Human- als auch in der Tiermedizin in großen Mengen eingesetzt. Es ist zu vermuten, dass sie aus der Tierhaltung mit der Ausbringung von Wirtschaftsdüngern über den Boden und die ungesättigte Zone in das Grundwasser gelangen können. In verschiedenen Untersuchungen wurde in den vergangenen Jahren in Nordwestdeutschland das oberflächennahe Grundwasser an Risikostandorten auf Rückstände von Tierarzneimitteln untersucht. Dabei wurden wiederholt Wirkstoffe aus der Gruppe der Sulfonamide im Grundwasser nachgewiesen, zum Teil auch deutlich oberhalb der Nachweisgrenze. Ob die Tierarzneimittel mit dem Wirtschaftsdünger ins Grundwasser eingetragen worden sind, konnte bislang noch nicht eindeutig geklärt werden. Die Untersuchungen werden deswegen 2015 und 2016 unter freiwilliger Mitarbeit der betroffenen Landwirte fortgesetzt. Quelle: http://www.dwa.de