cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Can length structure of English Channel cephalopod landings reveal trends in exploitation?
Creators: name: Deguines, A.
name: Bouali, A.
name: Robin, J. P.
Publisher: name: ASC 2007 - Theme session O
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The need of alternative methods for the assessment of fishing pressure is often advocated in Cephalopod stocks in relation with their short life span and presumably variable life traits. English Channel Loliginid squid and cuttlefish are among the first Cephalopod resources in the Northeast Atlantic. English Channel fishery data collection programmes have already enabled to apply slightly modified versions of 'classical single species methods' like monthly cohort analysis. The present study revisits landings length frequency sampling (which is carried out at the Port-en-Bessin fish market and now extends over a number of months) and analyses if length structures can reveal changes in cohort exploitation patterns. Changes in length structure are explored via multivariate correspondence analysis (CA) in which variables (i.e. length-classes) and records (i.e. sampling dates) can be plotted simultaneously. The largest dataset concerns Loligo forbesi with 11 fishing seasons sampled consistently from June-N to march N+1 with length classes ranging from 7 to 50+ cm DML). Factorial analysis splits differences in length structures into a series of independent factors of decreasing importance. Factor 1 describes changes in modal length and underlines that the main source of variability in length data is seasonal modal progression. Factor 2 reveals differences in length variance and projections in the F1-F2 plane show an arch effect (which is even clearer in Loligo vulgaris). Interannual differences between fishing seasons are less clear. Length-structure changes are discussed in the light of recruitment strength and fishing mortality estimates (in previously assessed cohorts). Fishing mortality and recruitment also show month-to-month variations that correspond to specific length structures. However, length-structures do not seem adapted to predict inter-annual changes in the fishery and no significant relationship could be found at the inter-annual scale.
Table of resistant genes
Creators: name: Libro, Pietro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310206
subject: Sequence analysis
classificationCode: 310204
subject: Genomics and transcriptomics
classificationCode: 310201
subject: Bioinformatic methods development
classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified

description: Insecticide resistance represents a major threat for the control of insect vectors. In last years, genetically-based tools have been proposed as a cutting-edge alternative to counteract this problem. However, high-quality -omics resources are crucial for an effective application of these tools. Here, we presented a de novo transcriptome of the mosquito vector Culex pipiens, assembled by using sequences of susceptible and diflubenzuron-resistant individuals. A total of 437,233,732 reads were assembled and annotated and the high-quality of the assemblage was confirmed by TransRate and BUSCO. A mapping percentage until 94.8% was obtained by aligning contigs to Nr, SwissProt, and TrEMBL, with 27,281 sequences that simultaneously mapped on the three databases. A total of 14,966 ORFs were also functionally annotated by using the eggNOG database. A comparison through the orthologues with other five mosquito species further validated the quality of the Cx. pipiens transcriptome. This resource represents therefore a valuable reference for further investigations about mosquito biology, their adaptation to insecticides, as well as to identify target sequences for genetic-based control tools.
Consensus Formation in Multi-state Majority and Plurality Models
Creators: name: Chen, P.
name: Redner, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study consensus formation in interacting systems that evolve by multi-state majority rule and by plurality rule. In an update event, a group of G agents (with G odd), each endowed with an s-state spin variable, is specified. For majority rule, all group members adopt the local majority state; for plurality rule the group adopts the local plurality state. This update is repeated until a final consensus state is generally reached. In the mean field limit, the consensus time for an N-spin system increases as ln N for both majority and plurality rule, with an amplitude that depends on s and G. For finite spatial dimensions, domains undergo diffusive coarsening in majority rule when s or G is small. For larger s and G, opinions spread ballistically from the few groups with an initial local majority. For plurality rule, there is always diffusive domain coarsening toward consensus.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, 2-column revtex4 format. Updated version: small changes in response to referee comments. For publication in J Phys A
There is a maximal homogeneous family over ω
Creators: name: Kojman, Menachem
name: Saharon  Shelah
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "We prove that under CH there is a homogeneous family over [omega] which is maximal with respect to inclusion."
Analysis and simulations of multifrequency induction hardening
Creators: name: Hömberg, Dietmar
name: Petzold, Thomas
name: Rocca, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: multifrequency induction hardening
subject: heat equation
subject: Maxwell's equations
subject: well-posedness of the initial boundary value problem
subject: stability estimates
subject: finite element simulations
subject: 35Q61
subject: 35K40
subject: 78M10

description: We study a model for induction hardening of steel. The related differential system consists of a time domain vector potential formulation of the Maxwell's equations coupled with an internal energy balance and an ODE for the volume fraction of austenite, the high temperature phase in steel. We first solve the initial boundary value problem associated by means of a Schauder fixed point argument coupled with suitable a-priori estimates and regularity results. Moreover, we prove a stability estimate entailing, in particular, uniqueness of solutions for our Cauchy problem. We conclude with some finite element simulations for the coupled system.
Young's Double-Slit, Invisible Objects and the Role of Noise in an Optical Epsilon-near-Zero Experiment
Creators: name: Ploss, Daniel
name: Kriesch, Arian
name: Etrich, Christoph
name: Engheta, Nader
name: Peschel, Ulf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) media disclose the peculiarities of electrodynamics in the limit of infinite wavelength but non-zero frequency for experiments and applications. Theory suggests that wave interaction with obstacles and disturbances dramatically changes in this domain. To investigate the optics of those effects we fabricated a nanostructured 2D optical ENZ multilayer waveguide that is probed with wavelength-tuned laser light via a nanoscale wave launch configuration. In this experimental framework we directly optically measure wave propagation and diffraction in a realistic system with the level and scale of imperfection that is typical in nanooptics. As we scan the wavelength from 1.0 $μ$m to 1.7 $μ$m, we approach the ENZ regime, and observe the interference pattern of a micro-scale Young's double slit to steeply diverge. By evaluating multiple diffraction orders we experimentally determine the effective refractive index $n_{eff}$ and its zero-crossing as an intrinsic measured reference, which is in agreement with theoretical predictions. We further verify that the double-slit and specifically placed scattering objects become gradually invisible when approaching the ENZ regime. We also observe that light-matter-interaction intensifies towards ENZ and quantify how speckle noise, caused by tiny random imperfections, increasingly dominates the optical response and blue-shifts the cut-off frequency.
description: 24 pages manuscript with 4 figures and 40 pages supplementary information with 27 figures
Using Gaussian Basis-Sets with Gaussian Nuclear Charge Distribution to Solve Dirac-Hartree-Fock Equation for 83 Bi-Atom
Creators: name: Jasim, Bilal K.
name: Abood, Ayad A. Al-Ani. Saad N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the Dirac-Hartree-Fock equations for system has many-particles. The difficulties associated with Gaussians model are likely to be more complex in relativistic Dirac-Hartree-Fock calculations. To processing these problem, we use accurate techniques. The four-component spinors will be expanded into a finite basis-set, using Gaussian basis-set type dyall.2zp to describe 4-component wave functions, in order to describe the upper and lower two components of the 4-spinors, respectively. The small component Gaussian basis functions have been generated from large component Gaussian basis functions using kinetic balance relation. The considered techniques have been applied for the heavy element 83 Bi. We adopt the Gaussian charge distribution model to describe the charge of nuclei. To calculate accurate properties of the atomic levels, we used Dirac-Hartree-Fock method, which have more flexibility through Gaussian basis-set to treat relativistic quantum calculation for a system has many-particle. Our obtained results for the heavy atom (Z=83), including the total energy, energy for each spinor in atom, and expectation value of give are good compared with relativistic Visscher treatment. This accuracy is attributed to the use of the Gaussian basis-set type Dyall to describe the four-component spinors.
description: The authors have addition work on this paper
On thermodynamical couplings of quantum mechanics and macroscopic systems
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: GENERIC
subject: density matrix
subject: Hamiltonian systems
subject: Onsager systems
subject: canonical correlation
subject: heat reservoirs
subject: non-equilibrium steady states
subject: Maxwell-Bloch equation
subject: thermo-opto-electronics
subject: 37N20
subject: 47N50
subject: 80A99
subject: 81V70
subject: 78A35

description: Pure quantum mechanics can be formulated as a Hamiltonian system in terms of the Liouville equation for the density matrix. Dissipative effects are modeled via coupling to a macroscopic system, where the coupling operators act via commutators. Following Öttinger (2010) we use the GENERIC framework to construct thermodynamically consistent evolution equations as a sum of a Hamiltonian and a gradient-flow contribution, which satisfy a particular non-interaction condition: We give three applications of the theory. First, we consider a finite-dimensional quantum system that is coupled to a finite number of simple heat baths, each of which is described by a scalar temperature variable. Second, we model quantum system given by a one-dimensional Schrödinger operator connected to a one-dimensional heat equation on the left and on the right. Finally, we consider thermo-opto-electronics, where the Maxwell-Bloch system of optics is coupled to the energy-drift-diffusion system for semiconductor electronics.
The nucleon-nucleon potential beyond the static approximation
Creators: name: Mondejar, Jorge
name: Soto, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that, due to the use of static nucleon propagators in Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbation Theory, the current calculations of the nucleon-nucleon potential miss certain contributions starting at two loops. These contributions give rise to contact interactions, which are both parametrically and numerically more important than the so called NNLO potentials. They show a peculiar dependence on the light quark masses, which should be taken into account when performing chiral extrapolations of lattice data. However, they do not appear to have an impact on phenomenology since they can be absorbed into redefinitions of unknown parameters which are usually fitted to data.
description: 20 pages. Misprints corrected, explanations and references added. Journal version. Corrected misprints in formulas 30,31 and 32 in Journal version
Modeling specific action potentials in the human atria based on a minimal reaction-diffusion model
Creators: name: Richter, Yvonne
name: Lind, Pedro G.
name: Maass, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present an effective method to model empirical action potentials of specific patients in the human atria based on the minimal model of Bueno-Orovio, Cherry and Fenton adapted to atrial electrophysiology. In this model, three ionic are currents introduced, where each of it is governed by a characteristic time scale. By applying a nonlinear optimization procedure, a best combination of the respective time scales is determined, which allows one to reproduce specific action potentials with a given amplitude, width and shape. Possible applications for supporting clinical diagnosis are pointed out.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Unavoidable Selection Effects in the Analysis of Faint Galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field: Probing the Cosmology and Merger History of Galaxies
Creators: name: Totani, Tomonori
name: Yoshii, Yuzuru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present a detailed analysis of the number count and photometric redshift distribution of faint galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field (HDF), paying a special attention to the selection effects including the cosmological dimming of surface brightness of galaxies. We find a considerably different result from previous studies ignoring the selection effects, and these effects should therefore be taken into account in the analysis. We find that the model of pure luminosity evolution (PLE) of galaxies in the Einstein-de Sitter (EdS) universe predicts much smaller counts than those observed at faint magnitude limits by a factor of more than 10, so that a very strong number evolution of galaxies with η> 3-4 must be invoked to reproduce the I_{814} counts, when parametrized as ϕ^* \propto (1+z)^η. However we show that such a strong number evolution under realistic merging processes of galaxies can not explain the steep slope of the B_{450} and V_{606} counts, and it is seriously inconsistent with their photometric redshift distribution. We find that these difficulties still persist in an open universe with Ω_0 > 0.2, but are resolved only when we invoke a $Λ$-dominated flat universe, after examining various systematic uncertainties in modeling the formation and evolution of galaxies. The present analysis revitalizes the practice of using faint number counts as an important cosmological test, giving one of the arguments against the EdS universe and suggests acceleration of the cosmic expansion by vacuum energy density. While a modest number evolution of galaxies with η~ 1 is still necessary even in a Lambda-dominated universe, a stronger number evolution with η> 1 is rejected from the HDF data, giving a strong constraint on the merger history of galaxies.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures, final version matching publication in ApJ. Some references added. The complete ps file of Table 3 is available at http://th.nao.ac.jp/~totani/images/paper/ty2000-table3.ps
Log-concave sampling: Metropolis-Hastings algorithms are fast
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Raaz
name: Chen, Yuansi
name: Wainwright, Martin J.
name: Yu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of sampling from a strongly log-concave density in $\mathbb{R}^d$, and prove a non-asymptotic upper bound on the mixing time of the Metropolis-adjusted Langevin algorithm (MALA). The method draws samples by simulating a Markov chain obtained from the discretization of an appropriate Langevin diffusion, combined with an accept-reject step. Relative to known guarantees for the unadjusted Langevin algorithm (ULA), our bounds show that the use of an accept-reject step in MALA leads to an exponentially improved dependence on the error-tolerance. Concretely, in order to obtain samples with TV error at most $δ$ for a density with condition number $κ$, we show that MALA requires $\mathcal{O} \big(κd \log(1/δ) \big)$ steps, as compared to the $\mathcal{O} \big(κ^2 d/δ^2 \big)$ steps established in past work on ULA. We also demonstrate the gains of MALA over ULA for weakly log-concave densities. Furthermore, we derive mixing time bounds for the Metropolized random walk (MRW) and obtain $\mathcal{O}(κ)$ mixing time slower than MALA. We provide numerical examples that support our theoretical findings, and demonstrate the benefits of Metropolis-Hastings adjustment for Langevin-type sampling algorithms.
description: 42 pages, 11 Figures; The first two authors contributed equally; A subset of results were presented in an extended abstract at COLT 2018
title: AFRAME - A framework for fleet and area based fisheries management
Creators: name: Santurtún, Marina
name: Poos, J.J.
name: Marchal, P.
name: Maravelias, C.
name: Ulrich, C.
name: Reeves, S.
name: Wilson, D.C.
name: Alonso, C.
name: Castro, J.
name: Christiansen, A.S.
name: García, D.
name: Hoff, A.
name: Iriondo, A.
name: Kvamme, C.
name: Kynoch, R.
name: Mahevas, S.
name: Prellezo, R.
name: Quincoces, I.
name: Vassilopoulou., V.
Publisher: name: ASC 2007 - Theme session O
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.OBJECTIVE: ∙Develop a framework for fleet and area-based framework that integrates single-species assessment and advice for fisheries management. Framework must be robust to uncertainty (e.g. lack of discard data). Development of reference points is also considered as a basis for setting management targets. Three Case Studies comprise regions/areas where the need for a fleet-based management is most urgent: 1. North Sea, 2 Western Area and 3 Mediterranean Sea. ∙Moving towards an ecosystem approach requires that the ecosystem, rather than single fish stocks, is the focus for management. At this moment, multifleet and mixed-species fisheries management is based on single-species with some adjustments of other information. There is only limited integrated advice given for an area, and well-defined targets for management fisheries are also largely missing. ∙Thus, new management needs to address directly the fleets and fisheries in an area and ensure that human activities are within sustainable bounds defined by the productivity of the ecosystem and in particular of the fish stocks.
Orbital Effect of the Magnetic Field in Dynamical Mean-Field Theory
Creators: name: Acheche, S.
name: Arsenault, L-F.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The availability of large magnetic fields at international facilities and of simulated magnetic fields that can reach the flux-quantum-per-unit-area level in cold atoms, calls for systematic studies of orbital effects of the magnetic field on the self-energy of interacting systems. Here we demonstrate theoretically that orbital effects of magnetic fields can be treated within single-site dynamical mean-field theory with a translationally invariant quantum impurity problem. As an example, we study the one-band Hubbard model on the square lattice using iterated perturbation theory as an impurity solver. We recover the expected quantum oscillations in the scattering rate and we show that the magnetic fields allow the interaction-induced effective mass to be measured through the single-particle density of states accessible in tunneling experiments. The orbital effect of magnetic fields on scattering becomes particularly important in the Hofstadter butterfly regime.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Flux quantization in dilatonic Taub-NUT dyons
Creators: name: Flores-Alfonso, Daniel
name: Quevedo, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacetimes that include a boundary at infinity have a non-trivial topology. The homology of the background influences gauge fields living on them and lead to topological charges. We investigate the charges and fluxes of fields over a Taub--NUT background in Einstein--Maxwell dilaton--axion gravity, by using the relative homology and de Rham cohomology. It turns out that the electromagnetic sector is devoid of restrictions from a topological viewpoint. There are, however, flux quanta for the axion and dilaton fields. These results are obtained from the absolute homology of the spacetime boundary. The solutions we probe originate in the four dimensional low energy limit of heterotic string theory. So our results are complemented by the stringy coupling present in the fields. The quantization has a bundle theoretic interpretation as the axion's flux corresponds to the topological index of an underlying 2-bundle.
description: Final published version
Theory of magnetostriction with applications to TbxDy1-xFe2
Creators: name: James, Richard D.
name: Kinderlehrer, David
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "We present a new approach to magnetostriction that is formulated to describe materials with large magnetostriction. The main idea of the theory is to derive precisely from lattice considerations the potential wells of the anisotropy energy. The theory exhibits frustration in the sense explored by the authors in the rigid case (James and Kinderlehrer [1990]), with fine domains modeled by minimizing sequences. The theory is applied to the material Tb[subscript x]Dy[subscript 1-x]FeΓéé. The theory predicts accurately the domain structures observed by Lord [1990] in growth twinned crystals, and suggests a mechanism of magnetostriction involving a switch from a coarse domain structure to a different finer domain structure."
An Exact Approach for the Balanced k-Way Partitioning Problem with Weight Constraints and its Application to Sports Team Realignment
Creators: name: Recalde, Diego
name: Severín, Daniel
name: Torres, Ramiro
name: Vaca, Polo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work a balanced k-way partitioning problem with weight constraints is defined to model the sports team realignment. Sports teams must be partitioned into a fixed number of groups according to some regulations, where the total distance of the road trips that all teams must travel to play a Double Round Robin Tournament in each group is minimized. Two integer programming formulations for this problem are introduced, and the validity of three families of inequalities associated to the polytope of these formulations is proved. The performance of a tabu search procedure and a Branch & Cut algorithm, which uses the valid inequalities as cuts, is evaluated over simulated and real-world instances. In particular, an optimal solution for the realignment of the Ecuadorian Football league is reported and the methodology can be suitable adapted for the realignment of other sports leagues.
description: A preliminary version of this paper appeared at ISCO 2016
The volume preserving motion by mean curvature as an asymptotic limit of reaction diffusion equations
Creators: name: Golovaty, Dmitry
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "We study the asymptotic limit of the reaction-diffusion equation u[superscript epsilon, subscript t] = [delta] u[superscript epsilon] - 1/2[subscript epsilon]f(u[superscript epsilon]) + 1/[epsilon]g(u[superscript epsilon])[lambda][superscript epsilon] as [epsilon] tends to zero in a radially symmetric domain in R[superscript n] subject to the constraint [f over omega]h(u[superscript epsilon]dx=const. The energy estimates and the signed distance function approach are used to show that a limiting solution can be characterized by moving interfaces. The interfaces evolve by nonlocal (volume preserving) mean curvature flow. Possible interactions between the interfaces are discussed as well."
Stabilisation of wave equations on the torus with rough dampings
Creators: name: Burq, Nicolas
name: Gérard, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the damped wave equation on a compact manifold with {\em continuous} dampings, the geometric control condition is necessary and sufficient for {uniform} stabilisation. In this article, on the two dimensional torus, in the special case where $a(x) = \sum\_{j=1}^N a\_j 1\_{x\in R\_j}$ ($R\_j$ are polygons), we give a very simple necessary and sufficient geometric condition for uniform stabilisation. We also propose a natural generalization of the geometric control condition which makes sense for $L^\infty$ dampings. We show that this condition is always necessary for uniform stabilisation (for any compact (smooth) manifold and any $L^\infty$ damping), and we prove that it is sufficient in our particular case on $\mathbb{T}^2$ (and for our particular dampings).
Investigating Competition in Financial Markets: A Sparse Autologistic Model for Dynamic Network Data
Creators: name: Betancourt, Brenda
name: Rodríguez, Abel
name: Boyd, Naomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a sparse autologistic model for investigating the impact of diversification and disintermediation strategies in the evolution of financial trading networks. In order to induce sparsity in the model estimates and address substantive questions about the underlying processes the model includes an $L^1$ regularization penalty. This makes implementation feasible for complex dynamic networks in which the number of parameters is considerably greater than the number of observations over time. We use the model to characterize trader behavior in the NYMEX natural gas futures market, where we find that disintermediation and not diversification or momentum tend to drive market microstructure.
The Viscous Surface-Internal Wave Problem: Global Well-Posedness and Decay
Creators: name: Yanjin  Wang
name: Tice, Ian
name: Chanwoo  Kim
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the free boundary problem for two layers of immiscible, viscous, incompressible fluid in a uniform gravitational field, lying above a general rigid bottom in a three-dimensional horizontally periodic setting. We establish the global well-posedness of the problem both with and without surface tension. We prove that without surface tension the solution decays to the equilibrium state at an almost exponential rate; with surface tension, we show that the solution decays at an exponential rate. Our results include the case in which a heavier fluid lies above a lighter one, provided that the surface tension at the free internal interface is above a critical value, which we identify. This means that sufficiently large surface tension stabilizes the Rayleigh–Taylor instability in the nonlinear setting. As a part of our analysis, we establish elliptic estimates for the two-phase stationary Stokes problem.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of coccidia in domestic pigs in China between 1980 and 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gong, Qing-Long
name: Zhao, Wen-Xuan
name: Wang, Yan-Chun
name: Zong, Ying
name: Wang, Qi
name: Yang, Yang
name: Yang, Yi
name: Shi, Kun
name: Li, Jian-Ming
name: Leng, Xue
name: Du, Rui
name: Zhao, Quan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. PRISMA Checklist item. Table S2. Detailed search strategy and restrictions. Table S3. Normal distribution test for the normal rate and the different conversion of the normal rate. Table S4. The code in R for this meta-analysis. Table S5. Studies included in the analysis. Table S6. Included studies and quality scores. Table S7. Egger’s for Publication Bias. Table S8. Pooled prevalence of different coccidia species in China. Table S9. List of abbreviations.
HI debris in the IC 1459 galaxy group
Creators: name: Saponara, Juliana
name: Koribalski, Bärbel S.
name: Benaglia, Paula
name: López, Manuel Fernández
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HI synthesis imaging of the giant elliptical galaxy IC 1459 and its surroundings with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). Our search for extended HI emission revealed a large complex of HI clouds near IC 1459, likely the debris from tidal interactions with neighbouring galaxies. The total HI mass ($\sim 10^9$\Msun) in the detected clouds spans 250 kpc from the north-east of the gas-rich spiral NGC 7418A to the south-east of IC 1459. The extent and mass of the HI debris, which shows rather irregular morphology and kinematics, are similar to those in other nearby groups. Together with HI clouds recently detected near two other IC 1459 group members, namely IC 5270 and NGC 7418, using Phased-Array Feeds (PAFs) on the Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP), the detected debris make up a significant fraction of the group's intergalactic medium.
title: The DFO Experience with Inclusive Advisory Processes
Creators: name: Rice, Jake
Publisher: name: ASC 2007 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In 1996 the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada re-instituted a national coordination office for ensuring peer review and provision of science advice on fisheries issues. When Canada’s Oceans Act and the Species-at-Risk Act were passed in the late 1990s, the mandate for coordination of peer review and provision of advice was extended to cover the science support for these pieces of legislation, and all other substantive peer review and advisory needs of the policy and management sectors of the Department. From the outset the Canadian Science Advisory Secretariat and the regional offices were instructed to ensure that “experiential knowledge” was brought into the body of information used in assessments and advice, which required fishermen to participate actively in the assessment process. When the federal government approved the Principles and Guidelines for Science Advice for Government Effectiveness, the standards for engagement were raised. To ensure inclusiveness of all types of information and knowledge, and transparency of review and advisory processes, the Principles and Guidelines required full participation in the entire process by individuals from groups whose lives would be directly affected by the scientific advice. CSAS and the regional offices have tried a number of different approaches to meeting these standards for inclusiveness and transparency. Some have failed badly, some have usually succeeded, and many have a patchy performance record. Over time we have developed guidance for “best practice” in making our review and advisory processes inclusive and transparent, without sacrificing scientific quality or independent. The presentation will review these “best practices” and lessons learned from the Canadian experience.
Formulation of thermo-elastic dissipative material behavior using GENERIC
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Gradient structure
subject: reversible mass action reactions
subject: free energy functional
subject: entropy functional
subject: energy balance equation
subject: van Roosbroeck equations
subject: 35Q74
subject: 74C15
subject: 74F05

description: The theory of GENERIC (general equations for non-equilibrium reversible irreversibel coupling) is presented in a mathematical form. It is applied first to simple mechanical systems and then generalized to standard generalized materials. It is shown that nonisothermal viscoplasticity can be cast into the form of GENERIC, if the dissipative structure is generalized from linear functionals to the more general subdifferential of convex potentials.
Coulomb-blockade transport in quasi-one dimensional polymer nanofibers
Creators: name: Aleshin, A. N.
name: Lee, H. J.
name: Jhang, S. H.
name: Kim, H. S.
name: Akagi, K.
name: Park, Y. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the low temperature current-voltage (I-V) characteristics studies in quasi-one dimensional conducting polymer nanofibers. We find a threshold voltage Vt below which little current flows at temperatures below 30-40 K. For V > Vt current scales as (V/Vt - 1)^zeta, where zeta ~ 1.8-2.1 at high biases. Differential conductance oscillations are found whose magnitude increases as temperature decreases below 10 K. We attribute the observed low temperature I-V behavior to Coulomb blockade effects with a crossover to Luttinger liquid-like behavior at high temperature. We demonstrate that at low temperatures such a doped conjugated polymer fiber can be considered as an array of small conducting regions separated by nanoscale barriers, where the Coulomb blockade tunneling is the dominant transport mechanism.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B, Brief Reports (2005)
Permutation glass
Creators: name: Williams, Mobolaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of disordered systems provides many simple models in which the competing influences of thermal and non-thermal disorder lead to new phases and non-trivial thermal behavior of order parameters. In this paper, we add a model to the subject by considering a system where the state space consists of various orderings of a list. As in spin glasses, the disorder of such "permutation glasses" arises from a parameter in the Hamiltonian being drawn from a distribution of possible values, thus allowing nominally "incorrect orderings" to have lower energies than "correct orderings" in the space of permutations. We analyze a Gaussian, uniform, and symmetric Bernoulli distribution of energy costs, and, by employing Jensen's inequality, derive a general condition requiring the permutation glass to always transition to the correctly ordered state at a temperature lower than that of the non-disordered system, provided that this correctly ordered state is accessible. We in turn find that in order for the correctly ordered state to be accessible, the probability that an incorrectly-ordered component is energetically favored must be less than the inverse of the number of components in the system. We show that all of these results are consistent with a replica symmetric ansatz of the system and argue that there is no permutation glass phase characterized by replica symmetry breaking, but there is glassy behavior represented by a residual entropy at zero temperature. We conclude by discussing an apparent duality between permutation glasses and fermion gases.
description: Relative to the previous version (and the journal paper), this version includes a necessary citation and provides a new phase diagram and interpretation of glassy behavior
The variational formulation of the Fokker-Planck equation : a summary
Creators: name: Jordan, Richard
name: Kinderlehrer, David
name: Otto, Felix
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "The Fokker-Planck equation, or forward Kolmogorov equation, describes the evolution of the probability density for a stochastic process associated with an Ito stochastic differential equation. It pertains to a wide variety of time-dependent systems in which randomness plays a role. In this paper, we are concerned with Fokker-Planck equations for which the drift term is given by the gradient of a potential. For a broad class of potentials, we construct a time-discrete, iterative variational scheme whose solutions converge to the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation. The major novelty of this iterative scheme is that the time step is governed by the Wasserstein metric on probability measures. This formulation enables us to reveal an appealing, and previously unexplored, relationship between the Fokker-Planck equation and the associated free energy functional. Namely, we demonstrate that the dynamics may be regarded as a gradient flux, or a steepest descent, for the free energy with respect to the Wasserstein metric."
Additional file 1 of Synergistic mechanism of GH11 xylanases with different action modes from Aspergillus niger An76
Creators: name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhao, Sha
name: Shang, Weihao
name: Yan, Zijuan
name: Wu, Xiuyun
name: Li, Yingjie
name: Chen, Guanjun
name: Liu, Xinli
name: Wang, Lushan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Growth condition of A. niger An76 on different carbon sources. Fig. S2. Gene relative transcript levels of xynE induced by 1% glycerol, xylose, XOS, BX and WAX at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h. Fig. S3. Sequence alignment of XynA, XynB, XynC, XynD and XynE with related GH11 and GH10 xylanases. a Alignment of XynA, XynB, XynD, XynE from A. niger An76 and XylA from Aspergillus niger CBS513.88, XynC from Talaromyces funiculosus IMI-134756 and Xyn2 from Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30. b GH10 xylanases alignment includes XynC from A. niger An76 and XynA from Aspergillus niger CBS513.88 and Xyn2 from Penicillium canescens VKPM F178. Strictly conserved residues are highlighted by a red background, and conservatively substituted residues are boxed. Fig. S4. SDS-PAGE analysis of four GH11 xylanases from A. niger An76 expressed in E. coli strain BL21 (DE3). Lane M: protein molecular weight marker. Fig. S5. The catalytic activities of the three GH11 xylanases on various substrates (beechwood xylan, wheat arabinoxylan, wheat bran and corncob). Fig. S6. FACE electrophoresis analysis of the products after hydrolysis of various xylans. Four substrates (beechwood xylan, wheat arabinoxylan, wheat bran, and corn cob) were hydrolyzed by XynA, XynB and XynD for 12 h under optimal conditions. Mixture of xylose (X1), xylobiose (X2), xylotriose (X3), xylotertraose (X4), xylopentaose (X5), xylohexaose (X6) was used as standards makers. Fig. S7. FACE analysis of products following hydrolysis of xylohexaose and xylotetraose by XynA, XynB and XynD. a The products of xylotetraose hydrolyzed by XynA. b The products of xylotetraose hydrolyzed by XynB. c The products of xylohexaose hydrolyzed by XynD. d The products of xylotetraose hydrolyzed by XynD. Xylose (X1), xylobiose (X2), xylotriose (X3), xylotetraose (X4), xylopentaose (X5), xylohexaose (X6) was used as standards makers. Table S1. Endo-β-1,4-xylanase of Aspergillus niger An76. Table S2. Primers used in this study.
On the vanishing-viscosity limit in parabolic systems with rate-independent dissipation terms
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
name: Zelik, Sergey
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Doubly nonlinear equations
subject: parametrized solutions
subject: rate-independent systems
subject: vanishing-viscosity limit
subject: jump path
subject: 35K55
subject: 34E15

description: We consider quasilinear parabolic systems with a nonsmooth rate-independent dissipation term in the limit of very slow loading rates, or equivalently with fixed loading and vanishing viscosity $varepsilon>0$. Because for nonconvex energies the solutions will develop jumps, we consider the vanishing-viscosity limit for the graphs of the solutions in the extended state space in arclength parametrization, where the norm associated with the viscosity is used to keep the subdifferential structure of the problem. A crucial point in the analysis are new a priori estimates that are rate independent and that allows us to show that the total length of the graph remains bounded in the vanishing-viscosity limit. To derive these estimates we combine parabolic regularity estimates with ideas from rate-independent systems.
Cotton Fiber and Spinning Properties as Affected by Certain Ginning Practices in San Joaquin Valley, California, Season 1958-59
Creators: name: Ross, John E.
name: Leonard, Clarence G.
name: Shanklin, Edward H.
name: Ross, John E.
name: Leonard, Clarence G.
name: Shanklin, Edward H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1961
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: In the past several years, textile mills have indicated that repeated application of gin drying and cleaning equipment and its misuse in striving for higher grade levels have seriously impaired cotton's spinnability. Even though grade levels might have been improved with no noticeable effect on standard fiber property measurements, very significant changes in cotton's spinnability may occur. In turn, this reduction in spinnability has resulted in increased processing costs and lower value of the finished products. And in general, the economic position of American cotton, both at home and abroad, has been adversely affected. Thus, alleviation of a major economic problem in the marketing of cotton depends on the identification and measurement of those attributes which constitute cotton quality. Proper values must be placed on these attributes to assure equitable pricing. Therefore, scientific and technological problems are involved in identification and measurement of these quality attributes, and the complete solution involves engineers, technologists, economists, physicists, chemists, and others. The study, involving cotton from the 1958 crop, is the first in a group of broad studies conducted cooperatively by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and a commercial ginning company. The object was to determine the effects of drying and lint cleaning on fiber properties, grade, and spinning performance of cotton grown in the San Joaquin Valley of California.
From discrete visco-elasticity to continuum rate-independent plasticity: Rigorous results
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
name: Truskinovsky, Lev
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Snap-spring potential
subject: hysteresis
subject: Gamma convergence for evolution
subject: rate-independent plasticity
subject: viscous gradient flow
subject: wiggly energy
subject: 74C15
subject: 74N30
subject: 74D10
subject: 70K70

description: We show that continuum models for ideal plasticity can be obtained as a rigorous mathematical limit starting from a discrete microscopic model describing a visco-elastic crystal lattice with quenched disorder. The constitutive structure changes as a result of two concurrent limiting procedures: the vanishing-viscosity limit and the discrete to continuum limit. In the course of these limits a non-convex elastic problem transforms into a convex elastic problem while the quadratic rate-dependent dissipation of visco-elastic solid transforms into a singular rate-independent dissipation of an ideally plastic solid. In order to emphasize ideas we employ in our proofs the simplest prototypical system describing transformational plasticity of shape-memory alloys. The approach, however, is sufficiently general and can be used for similar reductions in the cases of more general plasticity and damage models.
A class of probabilistic models for the Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Wagner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Schrödinger equation
subject: probabilistic representation
subject: stochastic particle model
subject: piecewise deterministic Markov process
subject: 35Q41
subject: 60J25
subject: 81Q05

description: A class of stochastic particle models for the spatially discretized time-dependent Schrödinger equation is constructed. Each particle is characterized by a complex-valued weight and a position. The particle weights change according to some deterministic rules between the jumps. The jumps are determined by the creation of offspring. The main result is that certain functionals of the particle systems satisfy the Schrödinger equation. The proofs are based on the theory of piecewise deterministic Markov processes.
title: Is a rigorous and fair referee's evaluation of a papers or a grantapplication ever achievable?
Creators: name: Hart, Paul J. B.
Publisher: name: ASC 2007 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Part of the routine of academic life is to be asked to referee papers submitted to journals or grant applications to funding agencies. I will outline the pressures under which a referee operates when performing these two tasks. In both cases, it is assumed that the referee is an expert on the material being assessed. This is more likely to be the case for a paper but being an expert does not guarantee that a paper is properly evaluated. Pressure of work often means that referees take short cuts and this can mean that contentious statements in manuscripts, apparently supported by references to the literature are not as secure as they seem. Examples of this will be given from the literature dealing with fish welfare. With research grants the pressure on funding agencies result from the large number of applications that greatly exceeds the number that can be funded. Many research councils argue that their primary criterion for assessment is scientific quality. It is argued in this article that this property cannot be objectively assessed and that it would be better to focus on national needs for the information that would be provided by a proposal and the track record of the applicant. I propose that primary papers would be better if shorn of their lengthy introductions and discussions and that grants should be assessed on criteria other than scientific excellence.