cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Price and Trade Relations and Market Integration in Pacific Pork Markets
Creators: name: Li, Jau-Rong
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1997

description: Market integration testing is important to agricultural marketing, industrial organization, international trade, and international model design. With reliable market integration information, decision makers can undertake appropriate actions to maximize profits, welfare, or both. Level I market analysis, which uses price data solely, has proved unreliable especially in the presence of discontinuous or bidirectional trade, or significant or nonstationary transaction costs.
Level II market analysis methods, which incorporate both transactions costs and prices, permit spatial markets to be integrated in some periods and segmented in others, thereby obviating many level I method problems. However, level II methods still fail to distinguish between market integration and spatial market equilibrium. Both level I and level II methods omit the rich information provided by trade flow data.
This dissertation develops the first level III method-combining price, transactions costs, and trade flow data, and thus can move beyond the flaws remaining in levels I and II methods. The full information parity bounds model (FIPBM) enables researchers to distinguish between market integration, a concept of market "conduct," and spatial market equilibrium, one of market "performance." FIPBM also shows real promise in signaling the importance of unobservable transactions costs, the frequencly of nontrading periods of competitive disequilibrium likely due to nontariff trade barriers, and the effects of asymmetric trade policies. FIPBM seems better suited to international markets analysis than do other existing methods.
This dissertation applies levels I,II, and III methods to analyze price, trade, and market relationships in the product and factor markets of pork industries in key Pacific Rim countries. This empirical work highlights the superiority of the FIPBM approach. FIPBM finds that pork, hog, and feed grain markets between Canada and the United States are almost always integrated. But they are not in competitive equilibrium, implying that there frequently exist positive accounting profits to arbitrage. By contrast, markets between Asian (Taiwan and Japan) and North American countries (Canada and the United States) are integrated less frequently than are intra-North American markets. This reflects greater trans-Pacific transactions costs that reduce tradability. However, markets between Asian and North American countries are commonly in competitive equilibrium.
Josephson effect in a Fibonacci quasicrystal
Creators: name: Sandberg, Anna
name: Awoga, Oladunjoye A.
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
name: Holmvall, Patric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiperiodicity has recently been proposed to enhance superconductivity and its proximity effect. At the same time, there has been significant experimental progress in the fabrication of quasiperiodic structures, also in reduced dimensions. Motivated by these developments, we use microscopic tight-binding theory to investigate the DC Josephson effect through a ballistic Fibonacci chain attached to two superconducting leads. The Fibonacci chain is one of the most studied examples of quasicrystals, hosting a rich multifractal spectrum, containing topological gaps with different winding numbers. We study how the Andreev bound states (ABS), current-phase relation, and the critical current depend on the quasiperiodic degrees of freedom, from short to long junctions. While the current-phase relation shows a traditional $2π$ sinusoidal or sawtooth profile, we find that the ABS obtain quasiperiodic oscillations and that the Andreev reflection is qualitatively altered, leading to quasiperiodic oscillations in the critical current as a function of junction length. Surprisingly, despite earlier proposals of quasiperiodicity enhancing superconductivity compared to crystalline junctions, we do not in general find that it enhances the critical current. However, we find significant current enhancement for reduced interface transparency due to the modified Andreev reflection. Furthermore, by varying the chemical potential, e.g. by an applied gate voltage, we find a fractal oscillation between superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) and superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) behavior. Finally, we show that the winding of the subgap states leads to an equivalent winding in the critical current, such that the winding numbers, and thus the topological invariant, can be determined.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures
Quaternary geology in the Southern Ogilivie Ranges : Yukon Territory and an investigation of morphological, periglacial, pedological and botanical criteria for possible use in the chronology of morainal sequences.
Creators: name: Ricker, Karl Edwin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Five periods of ice advance in the North Klondike-upper Blackstone basins of the Ogilvie Mountains are recognized by the downvalley sequence of progressively older moraines. The youngest occurred during the last millennium and is represented by glacierets and fresh moraines. The other advances are of the Pleistocene Epoch; from youngest to oldest they are: Age I (valley glacier stage), Age II (transection glacier), Age IIA (transection glacier with piedmont) and Age III (mountain ice cap). Evidence for Age III is limited to the north slope of the ranges. Age IIA was recognized only on the north slope and may represent a slightly older pulse of the Age II. This chronosequence is tentatively correlated with those elsewhere in the northern Cordillera. Within the region an array of surficial elements indicates that a continuous and discontinuous mosaic of processes have operated interdependently during the Quaternary. A product of these processes is mapped under one of eight facies - attention being directed to the varieties of features associated with the glacial and periglacial cycles. Of the latter, active, inactive and degradational forms exist. Strong correlations between the distribution of some types of surficial features and the underlying bedrock geology are recognized. No changes in morphology, permafrost distribution, pebble weathering, pedogenesis and floral succession could be related to the ages of the Pleistocene moraines. The influence of permafrost on all ages of moraines, the variability in their environment of deposition, and an edaphic and climatic discontinuity produce greater differences than does the age factor. In the northern half of the study area, permafrost and associated phenomena were observed to greatly retard chemical alteration; on the other hand, they permit the development of only a vegetational and pedological "polyclimax", rather than a single mesic climax, in a time span of less than 11,000-15,000 years.
New embedding results for double phase problems with variable exponents and a priori bounds for corresponding generalized double phase problems
Creators: name: Ho, Ky
name: Winkert, Patrick
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik
subject: double phase problems
subject: variable exponents
subject: a priori bounds
subject: embedding results
subject: Musielak–Orlicz Sobolev spaces

description: In this paper we present new embedding results for Musielak–Orlicz Sobolev spaces of double phase type. Based on the continuous embedding of W^1,H(Ω) into L^H*(Ω), where H* is the Sobolev conjugate function of H, we present much stronger embeddings as known in the literature. Based on these results, we consider generalized double phase problems involving such new type of growth with Dirichlet and nonlinear boundary condition and prove appropriate boundedness results of corresponding weak solutions based on the De Giorgi iteration along with localization arguments.
The Right Spin: Learning Object Motion from Rotation-Compensated Flow Fields
Creators: name: Bideau, Pia
name: Learned-Miller, Erik
name: Schmid, Cordelia
name: Alahari, Karteek
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: motion segmentation
subject: video segmentation
subject: optical flow
subject: camera motion estimation

description: A good understanding of geometrical concepts as well as a broad familiarity with objects lead to excellent human perception of moving objects. The human ability to detect and segment moving objects works in the presence of multiple objects, complex background geometry, motion of the observer and even camouflage. How we perceive moving objects so reliably is a longstanding research question in computer vision and borrows findings from related areas such as psychology, cognitive science and physics. One approach to the problem is to teach a deep network to model all of these effects. This is in contrast with the strategy used by human vision, where cognitive processes and body design are tightly coupled and each is responsible for certain aspects of correctly identifying moving objects. Similarly, from the computer vision perspective there is evidence that classical, geometry-based techniques are better suited to the “motion-based” parts of the problem, while deep networks are more suitable for modeling appearance. In this work, we argue that the coupling of camera rotation and camera translation can create complex motion fields that are difficult for a deep network to untangle directly. We present a novel probabilistic model to estimate the camera’s rotation given the motion field. We then rectify the flow field to obtain a rotation-compensated motion field for subsequent segmentation. This strategy of first estimating camera motion, and then allowing a network to learn the remaining parts of the problem, yields improved results on the widely used DAVIS benchmark as well as the more recent motion segmentation data set MoCA (Moving Camouflaged Animals).
title: The Role of Ammonia in Reproductive Inefficiency in High-Producing Dairy Cows Fed Excess Rumen Degraded Protein
Creators: name: Hammon, Douglas Scott
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: The role of ammonia in reproductive inefficiency in early lactation dairy cows was studied in a series of experiments designed to determine the concentrations of ammonia in normal bovine follicular fluid (bFF), to determine the effects of ammonia on the bovine embryo during specific stages of development, and to test the hypothesis that elevated plasma urea nitrogen concentration is associated with elevated ammonia and urea nitrogen concentrations in the reproductive fluids.
In the first study, ammonia concentration in different size follicles and the effect of ammonia during in vitro maturation on embryo development were determined. Ammonia concentration in the bFF was significantly different (P10 mm) and ammonia concentration decreased as follicle size increased. There was no difference (P>0.05) in cleavage rates, morula development, and blastocyst development when oocytes were exposed to various concentrations of ammonia during in vitro maturation.
In the second study, the effects of addition of ammonia in the media during in vitro fertilization (IVF), culture (IVC), and throughout maturation (IVM), IVF, and IVC were evaluated. Addition of moderate concentrations of ammonia to IVF media resulted in a significant (P
In the third study, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) concentrations were related to follicular and uterine fluid ammonia and urea concentrations in early lactation dairy cows. Mean PUN concentrations were used to distribute the cows into two groups: 1) cows with PUN ≥ 20 mg/dl (HPUN), and 2) cows with PUN
Voltage-controlled on switching and manipulation of magnetization via the redox transformation of β-FeOOH nanoplatelets
Creators: name: Nichterwitz, Martin
name: Neitsch, Sabine
name: Röher, Stefan
name: Wolf, Daniel
name: Nielsch, Kornelius
name: Leistner, Karin
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Iron films
subject: Iron oxyhydroxide
subject: Magneto-ionic effects
subject: Magnetoelectric actuation
subject: Voltage control of magnetism
subject: 530

description: Redox-based metal/metal oxide transformations achieved via electrolytic gating recently emerged as a novel, magneto-ionic route for voltage control of magnetism. So far, mainly metal or oxide thin films and nanoporous metal alloy structures are used as starting materials. The present study demonstrates a magneto-ionic transformation starting from a stable electrodeposited FeOOH nanoplatelet structure. The application of a low voltage in a Li-based electrolyte results in the reduction of the virtually non-magnetic FeOOH into ferromagnetic Fe, yielding an ON switching of magnetization. The magnetization can be tuned in a large range by the time of voltage application and remains stable after voltage-switch off. A reversible magneto-ionic change of magnetization of up to 15% is achieved in the resulting iron films with a thickness of about 30 nm. This large magneto-ionic effect is attributed to the enhanced roughness of the iron films obtained from the nanoplatelet structure. The robust, voltage-controlled, and non-volatile ON switching of magnetism starting from a stable oxide structure is promising for the development of energy-efficient magnetic switches, magnetic actuation and may offer new avenues in magnetoelectronic devices. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Detecting the tunneling rates for strongly interacting fermions on optical lattices
Creators: name: Anfossi, Alberto
name: Barbiero, Luca
name: Montorsi, Arianna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly interacting fermionic atoms on optical lattices are studied through a Hubbard-like model Hamiltonian, in which tunneling rates of atoms and molecules between neighboring sites are assumed to be different. In the limit of large onsite repulsion U, the model is shown to reproduce the t-J Hamiltonian, in which the J coefficient of the Heisenberg term depends on the particle-assisted tunneling rate g: explicitly, $J=4 g^2/U$. At half-filling, g drives a crossover from a Brinkman-Rice paramagnetic insulator of fully localized atoms (g=0) to the antiferromagnetic Mott insulator of the standard Hubbard case (g=t). This is observed already at the intermediate coupling regime in the number of doubly occupied sites, thus providing a criterion to extract from measurements the effective value of g.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: A bulk-loading algorithm for the BoND-Tree index scheme for non-ordered discrete data spaces
Creators: name: Choi, DY
name: Islam, AKMT
name: Pramanik, S
name: Zhu, Q
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2016

description: Recent years have witnessed an increasing demand to process queries on large datasets in Non-ordered Discrete Data Spaces (NDDS) from numerous applications. A number of index trees have been proposed in the literature to support efficient queries on large datasets in an NDDS. However, the conventional tuple-loading method for building the index trees, takes too much time. Although numerous bulk-loading techniques have been proposed to efficiently build index trees for large datasets in Continuous Data Spaces (CDS), limited work has been done to efficiently bulk-load an index tree for a large dataset in an NDDS. In this paper, we present a bulk-loading method to efficiently build the recently proposed BoND-tree for a large dataset in an NDDS. A number of effective strategies have been incorporated in the method to facilitate the efficient bulk-loading process. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed bulk-loading method is quite promising in efficiently building a BoND-tree for a large non-ordered discrete dataset.
title: Essays on the Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth and Development: The Case of Jordan
Creators: name: Husein, Jamal G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: This dissertation examines the role of foreign aid in economic growth and development of Jordan. The flow of foreign capital takes two main forms: private foreign investment, mostly foreign direct investment by large multinational corporations, and public development assistance (foreign aid) from both individual national governments and multinational donor agencies. The distinguishing characteristic of foreign aid is the concessional element. In this dissertation, recent techniques and advances in time-series analysis are used in the empirical section of Chapters 2 and 3, i.e., vector autoregression (VAR), impulse response functions, and variance decompositions. In the fourth chapter, we use a nonlinear three-stage least square estimate to test the impact of foreign aid on the fiscal behavior of Jordanian government.
The results of this study indicate that foreign aid in its aggregated form exerted an overall short-run positive dynamic impact on Jordanian growth rate of output, while it had a severe and long-run negative dynamic impact on domestic saving rate. When foreign aid is decomposed into its two main components, i.e., foreign aid grants and foreign aid loans, we found that grants exerted a long-run positive dynamic impact on Jordanian output growth and a severe long-run negative impact on its domestic saving rate. On the other hand, foreign aid loans had a positive but short-run impact on output growth and a positive long-run dynamic impact on domestic saving rate. We also found that foreign aid significantly affects both the revenue and expenditure side of the Jordanian government budget.
Foreign aid grants positively affect consumption expenditures while foreign loans had no significant impact on government consumption. We also found that tax revenues in Jordan are mainly used to finance public consumption expenditures and not public investment. Furthermore, in the presence of foreign aid (grants and loans), an increase in taxes leads to an increase in public consumption expenditures and vice versa. Finally, the results show that in the presence of foreign aid, the Jordanian public sector reduces its efforts to collect taxes.
title: Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Commercial Market Projections
Creators: name: Federal Aviation Administration: Office of Commercial Space Transportation
Publisher: name: Not Available
Year: 1995
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87913
subject: Commercial space transportation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90984
subject: Outer space
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/89616
subject: Communications satellites
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/89559
subject: Mobile communication systems
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/89400
subject: Navigational satellites

description: This study assesses the possible number of small commercial satellites to be

launched to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) in the period 1995-2005. The information

provided reflects an Office of Commercial Space Transportation (OCST)

assessment of overall trends in the mobile communications services and LEO

commercial satellite markets, with the ultimate purpose of projecting future

space transportation needs to LEO.  Tables and a chart included.
String Axiverse
Creators: name: Arvanitaki, Asimina
name: Dimopoulos, Savas
name: Dubovsky, Sergei
name: Kaloper, Nemanja
name: March-Russell, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory suggests the simultaneous presence of many ultralight axions possibly populating each decade of mass down to the Hubble scale 10^-33eV. Conversely the presence of such a plenitude of axions (an "axiverse") would be evidence for string theory, since it arises due to the topological complexity of the extra-dimensional manifold and is ad hoc in a theory with just the four familiar dimensions. We investigate how upcoming astrophysical experiments will explore the existence of such axions over a vast mass range from 10^-33eV to 10^-10eV. Axions with masses between 10^-33eV to 10^-28eV cause a rotation of the CMB polarization that is constant throughout the sky. The predicted rotation angle is of order α~1/137. Axions in the mass range 10^-28eV to 10^-18eV give rise to multiple steps in the matter power spectrum, that will be probed by upcoming galaxy surveys. Axions in the mass range 10^-22eV to 10^-10eV affect the dynamics and gravitational wave emission of rapidly rotating astrophysical black holes through the Penrose superradiance process. When the axion Compton wavelength is of order of the black hole size, the axions develop "superradiant" atomic bound states around the black hole "nucleus". Their occupation number grows exponentially by extracting rotational energy from the ergosphere, culminating in a rotating Bose-Einstein axion condensate emitting gravitational waves. This mechanism creates mass gaps in the spectrum of rapidly rotating black holes that diagnose the presence of axions. The rapidly rotating black hole in the X-ray binary LMC X-1 implies an upper limit on the decay constant of the QCD axion f_a<2*10^17GeV, much below the Planck mass. This reach can be improved down to the grand unification scale f_a<2*10^16GeV, by observing smaller stellar mass black holes.
description: 42 pages, 10 figures;v2: refs and minor changes added
Lean Management / Lean Leadership –  A Cursory Perspective on Global Research and the Practice in Japan
Creators: name: Ditzer, Roman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Although management and leadership are generally differentiated from one another, research has long since done away with this distinction: "instead of distinguishing managers from leaders, we should be seeing managers as leaders, and leadership as management practiced well." (Henry Mintzberg). And indeed, more often than not managers are also leaders at the same time. How should this be seen in the context of Lean Management / Lean Leadership? Is there a successful lean leadership style? And what characterises it? Scientists and managers provide answers to these questions. In a short article, the tasks of a manager-leader in a lean organisation are divided into four areas and these are described. Quotes from the literature and from practitioners in Japan illustrate the approach and self-image of managers in Japanese lean organisations. This shows that against the background of a holistic understanding of Lean as an improvement system, managers must master a wide range of tools.
On the existence of quantum representations for two dichotomic measurements
Creators: name: Fritz, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under which conditions do outcome probabilities of measurements possess a quantum-mechanical model? This kind of problem is solved here for the case of two dichotomic von Neumann measurements which can be applied repeatedly to a quantum system with trivial dynamics. The solution uses methods from the theory of operator algebras and the theory of moment problems. The ensuing conditions reveal surprisingly simple relations between certain quantum-mechanical probabilities. It also shown that generally, none of these relations holds in general probabilistic models. This result might facilitate further experimental discrimination between quantum mechanics and other general probabilistic theories.
description: 16+7 pages, presentation improved and minor errors corrected
title: Effect of Land in Commons on the Decision-Making Behavior of the Pastoralists in the Central Rangelands of Somalia
Creators: name: Abdulle, Abdinasir Mohamed
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: Degradations of the rangelands is very common around the permanent settlements of the central rangelands of Somalia. This degradation is attributed to overstocking resulting form the fact that the rangelands are communally owned and herders are ignoring the shadow value of the forage. Information about the optimal herd size would help halt the rangeland degradation.
In this study, two allocation mechanisms were compared. The first was the private ownership solution where someone owns the rangeland and decides how many animals should be grazed there. The second was the solution where the rangeland is owned in common by the dwellers of the area and access to it is free and unrestricted. For the private ownership, a model was developed that solves the economically optimal herd size and forage stock. The model also determines the optimal milk production and sales and live-cattle sales and slaughters during the transition period and at the stationary state. For the communal ownership, the set of the first-order conditions of the model were solved simultaneously after the shadow value of the forage was dropped.
A computer program of the optimization algorithm, GAM/MINOS, was used to solve both problems using data from the central rangelands of Somalia. GAMS/MINOS provided the optimal values of all of the state, costate, and control variables during the transition period and at the stationary state.
title: Management of Microbial Nitrate Production in Agricultural Soils
Creators: name: Shi, Wei
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: Nitrate (NO3-) is of central importance in the internal soil nitrogen (N) cycle. While animal wastes and nitrification inhibitors have been used in modern agriculture for decades, their effects on soil NO3- production in relation to ammonium (NH4+) availability and nitrifier population activity in agricultural soils receiving animal wastes or nitrification inhibitors.
Several laboratory and field studies assessed the impacts of variously treated dairy wastes and the effects of repeated long-term use of a nitrification inhibitor, nitrapyrin, on microbial NO3- production and soil NO3- concentrations in Utah agricultural soils. The various process rates of N mineralization, nitrification, and microbial N immobilization were determined in laboratory and field systems using 15N isotope dilution techniques. Nitrification potentials were used simultaneously to measure the nitrifier population size and activity.
Microbial NO3- immobilization was not observed in the laboratory and field experiments. The lack of microbial NO3- immobilization was not observed in the laboratory and field experiments. The lack of microbial NO3- consumption indicates that nitrification was the primary process controlling soil NO3- concentrations. Nitrifiers were not weaker competitors than heterotrophs for utilizing soil NH4+; about 50% of the NH4+ mineralized was used by nitrifiers. Low carbon availability may have limited heterotrophic microbial growth, thereby minimizing the heterotrophic microbial consumption of NH4+ and NO3-.
Effects of dairy wastes on soil NH4+ availability depend on the treatment systems of dairy wastes and their application rates. The N mineralization potentials were approximately 5% of the organic N in dairy-waste compost versus 90% of the organic N in dairy waste digested anaerobically. Dairy-waste compost at appropriate application rates did not increase nitrification rates, nitrification potentials, or soil NO3- concentrations for several months following application. However, even stabilized dairy-waste compost led to high nitrification rates and potentials and elevated soil NO3- concentrations when it was applied at an excessive rate (i.e., 100 Mg dry wt. ha-1).
In a dryland wheat agroecosystem, repeated use of nitrapyrin for 8 years had a 2-year residual effect observed as lower nitrification potentials in soils with a history of nitrapyrin use compared to soils without that history.
John Lyon Gardiner Ledger A, 1790-1796
Creators: name: Gardiner, John Lyon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1790
Subjects: Account books
Gardiner Family
Gardiner, John Lyon, 1770-1816
Gardiner's Island
Business & finance
Money

description: One of several ledges and account books kept by John Lyon Gardiner (1770-1816), proprietor of Gardiner's Island. John Lyon Gardiner kept detailed accounts, and some of his account books also overlap this period. Multiple ledgers are identified as "Ledger A." In this account, names range from local to Eastern Long Island, like Mathew Mulford, David Gardiner, Thomas Baker, Stephen Howell,Nathaniel Dominy, John Jermain, to more cosmopolitan and business oriented, like merchants from New London.
title: The hybrid digital tree: A new indexing technique for large string databases
Creators: name: Xue, Q
name: Pramanik, S
name: Qian, G
name: Zhu, Q
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2005

description: There is an increasing demand for efficient indexing techniques to support queries on large string databases. In this paper, a hybrid RAM/disk-based index structure, called the Hybrid Digital tree (HD-tree), is proposed. The HD-tree keeps internal nodes in the RAM to minimize the number of disk I/Os, while maintaining leaf nodes on the disk to maximize the capability of the tree for indexing large databases. Experimental results using real data have shown that the HD-tree outperformed the Prefix B-tree for prefix and substring searches. In particular, for distinctive random queries in the experiments, the average number of disk I/Os was reduced by a factor of two to three, while the running time was reduced in an order of magnitude.
Rapid Formation of Icy Super-Earths and the Cores of Gas Giant Planets
Creators: name: Kenyon, Scott J.
name: Bromley, Benjamin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a coagulation model that leads to the rapid formation of super-Earths and the cores of gas giant planets. Interaction of collision fragments with the gaseous disk is the crucial element of this model. The gas entrains small collision fragments, which rapidly settle to the disk midplane. Protoplanets accrete the fragments and grow to masses of at least 1 Earth mass in roughly 1 Myr. Our model explains the mass distribution of planets in the Solar System and predicts that super-Earths form more frequently than gas giants in low mass disks.
description: ApJLetters, accepted; 10 pages of text and 2 figures
Self-Regenerating Soft Biophotovoltaic Devices
Creators: name: Qiu, Xinkai
name: Castañeda Ocampo, Olga
name: De Vries, Hendrik W.
name: Van Putten, Maikel
name: Loznik, Mark
name: Herrmann, Andreas
name: Chiechi, Ryan C.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : ACS Publications
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: cofabrication
subject: EGaIn
subject: microfluidics
subject: photosystem I
subject: self-assembly
subject: stretchable photovoltaics
subject: 540
subject: 600

description: This paper describes the fabrication of soft, stretchable biophotovoltaic devices that generate photocurrent from photosystem I (PSI) complexes that are self-assembled onto Au electrodes with a preferred orientation. Charge is collected by the direct injection of electrons into the Au electrode and the transport of holes through a redox couple to liquid eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn) electrodes that are confined to microfluidic pseudochannels by arrays of posts. The pseudochannels are defined in a single fabrication step that leverages the non-Newtonian rheology of EGaIn. This strategy is extended to the fabrication of reticulated electrodes that are inherently stretchable. A simple shadow evaporation technique is used to increase the surface area of the Au electrodes by a factor of approximately 106 compared to planar electrodes. The power conversion efficiency of the biophotovoltaic devices decreases over time, presumably as the PSI complexes denature and/or detach from the Au electrodes. However, by circulating a solution of active PSI complexes the devices self-regenerate by mass action/self-assembly. These devices leverage simple fabrication techniques to produce complex function and prove that photovoltaic devices comprising PSI can retain the ability to regenerate, one of the most important functions of photosynthetic organisms. © 2018 American Chemical Society.
Iceberg water transportation from Antarctica to Australia
Creators: name: Spandonide, B
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The amount of iceberg water that annually dissolves into the sea corresponds to a substantial part of the world's annual consumption of freshwater. The Australian Antarctic Territory (AAT) has 30 % of the icebergs of the world. This freshwater resource melts into the Southern Ocean. If harvested, it will have a positive effect on terrestrial ecosystems and the water market. This renewable freshwater resource will need a sustainable transportation system. The south western corner of Australia is drought prone and freshwater availability is a limiting factor. Western Australia (WA) and Perth are facing water problems. The demand and requirement for water is increasing. Australian freshwater supplies could be increased using this type of freshwater resource with appropriate technology. The question of whether icebergs from Antarctica could be transported to help solve this water shortage was studied in the 1970s and given up later because of economic and environmental obstacles. The questions need to be examined as to what are the most appropriate transportation techniques, how marine ecosystems could be protected and if a profitable system of transportation can be designed. The aims and objectives of this research are to study the geographical transportation conditions and to determine the feasibility of an iceberg transportation system from the AAT to WA. It will propose future iceberg transportation research. I studied and analysed iceberg properties, iceberg detection, sea transportation systems and techniques, environmental issues and the protection of marine ecosystems, and legal considerations related to the transportation of iceberg freshwater and the profitability of a specific iceberg water transportation system between the AAT and WA. My work provided a paradigmatic frame for iceberg transportation research. It is an original contribution to the water transportation discipline. Within this frame, a new design for an iceberg transportation system was proposed. Practical and feasible technical parameters of the iceberg transportation system were developed. The transportation system is based on three main steps: 1. belting and wrapping of the iceberg in-situ with a bag and a collar; 2. transportation of this system into warmer areas and the collection of the melted water of the iceberg in the collar and specific fresh waterbags, and 3. waterbag transportation from Antarctica to Australia using sustainable techniques of current drifting and kite towing. Given the increasing challenges for water in south WA this iceberg transportation system, could represent a viable long term source of freshwater. This iceberg transportation system proposal is an innovation which may be used by the Australian Government or private companies in further research to provide solutions for the freshwater crisis.
Lean Management / Lean Leadership –  A View of the Research and Practice in Japan
Creators: name: Ditzer, Roman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Although management and leadership are generally differentiated from one another, research has long since done away with this distinction: "instead of distinguishing managers from leaders, we should be seeing managers as leaders, and leadership as management practiced well." (Henry Mintzberg). And indeed, more often than not managers are also leaders at the same time. How should this be seen in the context of Lean Management / Lean Leadership? Is there a successful lean leadership style? And what characterises it? Scientists and managers provide answers to these questions. In a short article, the tasks of a manager-leader in a lean organisation are divided into four areas and these are described. Quotes from the literature and from practitioners in Japan illustrate the approach and self-image of managers in Japanese lean organisations. This shows that against the background of a holistic understanding of Lean as an improvement system, managers must master a wide range of tools.
Letters from Solomon and Robert Townsend to Lushington & Kirk, 1787
Creators: name: Townsend, Solomon, 1746-1811/Townsend, Robert, 1753-1838
name: Pennypacker, Morton
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1787
Subjects: Correspondence
Slavery
Slaves
Long Island
New York

description: Correspondence from brothers Solomon and Robert Townsend, merchants of New York, N.Y. and Oyster Bay, N.Y., to merchants Lushington & Kirk, at Charleston, South Carolina, New York, N.Y., January 17-March 22, 1787. Letter from Townsend brothers, of both New York, N.Y., and Oyster Bay, N.Y., to Charleston, South Carolina merchants Lushington & Kirk (buyers of Solomon Townsend's iron anchors), requesting assistance in repurchasing their family slave, Elizabeth, who escaped from their Oyster Bay home (Rayhnam Hall) with The Queen's Rangers during their occupation of the Townsend home during the Revolutionary War. Elizabeth was then sold to a British man in New York, and in 1783, re-sold through Robert to a New York widow named Mrs. Ann Sharwin. Though Robert was opposed to slavery, he arranged for this sale at Elizabeth’s request, as she had a baby and did not want to evacuate with the British. On February 2, 1785, the owner’s new husband, Alexander Robertson, sold her to Captain Richard Palmes, of Charleston, South Carolina, without her child. Original copy sent by Captain Elliot, this copy made by Capt. Myer (?). After Mr. Kirk, of firm Lushington & Kirk, refused to execute deal, based on his principles against selling slaves, the Townsend brothers requested assistance from Charleston merchant Adam Gilchrist. No further documentation, i.e. whether slave Elizabeth was ever brought back north. [additional clarification provided by Claire Bellerjeau of Rayhnam Hall, Oyster Bay, N.Y., 9/17/2012].
title: Inheritance of Resistance to Loose Smut (U. tritici) in Certain Wheat Crosses
Creators: name: Tolman, Bion
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1933

description: During recent years the principles of Mendelism have been used extensively in the production of the new types of plants possessing resistance to various diseases. Results of this mode of attacking the disease problem have been very favorable. Old varieties are gradually giving way to newer types equal to or exceeding in quality and productivity as well as possessing resistance to one or more diseases.
Loose smut (U. tritici) in wheat, while not as serious a problem in Utah as the covered smut (T. tritici), according to Tapke (14) has caused an average annual loss of between 50,000 and 100,000 bushels of wheat. these data shown in figure 1 are for the period 1917 to 1926, inclusive.
The various methods advocated for the control of loose smut (U. tritici), with the exception of the use of resistant varieties and hot water treatments, either have been impradtical of application or have been ineffective in control or both (14).
The modified hot water treatment of Freeman and Johnson (4), has generally been the method recommended. While this method is effective if properly executed, it is rather complicated and tedious to apply, especially for farmers who are not usually properly equipped. Because of this and the fact that the disease frequently escapes observation, seed treatment for the control of loose smut (U. tritici) is seldom practiced; as a result the smut is allowed to go unchecked. The development of a resistant variety possessing the adaptability and desirable characteristics of our locally-grown spring wheats would be a decided advantage to the farmers in combating the disease.
MXenes and the progress of Li–S battery development - a perspective
Creators: name: Balach, Juan
name: Giebeler, Lars
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: MXene phase
subject: 2D material
subject: lithium
subject: sulfur battery
subject: rational design
subject: self-healing electrode
subject: device minimization
subject: self-charging
subject: 530

description: Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery has attracted tremendous interest owing to its high energy density at affordable costs. However, the irreversible active material loss and subsequent capacity fading caused by the uncontrollable shuttling of polysulfides have greatly hampered its commercial viability. MXenes, a novel class of 2D materials derived from nano-layered MAX phases, have been shown the potential to push the development of sulfur-based batteries to a next level owing to their high conductivity, strong polysulfide affinity and electrocatalytic properties. This perspective article focuses on the possible implications that MXene-based materials will have in the development of advanced sulfur-based batteries and their potential application in different upcoming technologies. In four sections possible developments are outlined which can be reached in the next 10 years, that enable a highly reliable, minimized Li–S battery finally combined with energy harvesters to fabricate autonomous power supplies for the next generation of microscaled devices like meteorological or geotechnical probes, wearable (medical) sensors or other suitable mobile devices. Finally, a flowchart illustrates the possible way to realize some important milestones for the certain possible steps with significant contributions of MXenes.
Prospects for MSSM Higgs Searches at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Draper, Patrick
name: Liu, Tao
name: Wagner, Carlos E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Tevatron reach for neutral Higgs bosons in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), using current exclusion limits on the Standard Model Higgs. We study four common benchmark scenarios for the soft supersymmetry-breaking parameters of the MSSM, including cases where the Higgs decays differ significantly from the Standard Model, and provide projections for the improvements in luminosity and efficiency required for the Tevatron to probe sizeable regions of the $(m_A, \tanβ)$ plane.
description: 23 pages, 21 figures; References added, benchmark scenarios and figures updated, webpage link added
title: Inheritance of Resistance to Six Races of Bunt, to Awns and Kernel Color in a Wheat Cross
Creators: name: Simons, Marr D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1950

description: Wheat is the most important cereal crop of the world, and one of the most serious diseases affecting it over much of its range is covered smut or bunt (57). The word "bunt", according to Heald (48), is a contraction of an old English term, "burnt ear", which fittingly describes the ravages of covered smut.
A new method for filling information gaps after peak picking in LC-HRMS data
Creators: name: Müller, Erik
name: Krauss, Martin
name: Brack, Werner
name: Schulze, Tobias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Non-targeted LC-HRMS is a key analytical technology for the identification of targets, suspects and unknowns and for the profiling of environmental or human samples. While there are many options of peak picking in LC-HRMS extracted ion or whole spectra chromatograms, the heuristic algorithms can not account for all types and shapes of noise that can occur in the data. Even though some algorithms exist to mitigate this problem, most result in many false positives. We introduce a new algorithm that fills in missing peaks while keeping the dataset reliable for evaluation.
ESMARConf2021 Workshop 2: Systematic review coordinating bodies and how they can help you
Creators: name: Haddaway, Neal
name: Jacqualyn Eales
name: Pardo, Jordi Pardo
name: Pullin, Andrew
name: Welch, Vivian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This workshop and panel discussion focus on what the major systematic review coordinating bodies, the Campbell Collaboration, CEE and Cochrane, can provide by way of support to anyone wishing to conduct a robust evidence synthesis. Each organisation briefly presents itself, followed by a panel discussion with questions from the conference participants.
Tunable Photomechanics in Diarylethene-Driven Liquid Crystal Network Actuators
Creators: name: Lahikainen, Markus
name: Kuntze, Kim
name: Zeng, Hao
name: Helantera, Seidi
name: Hecht, Stefan
name: Priimagi, Arri
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : ACS Publications
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: diarylethene
subject: liquid crystal polymer network
subject: logic gate
subject: photoactuation
subject: photoswitch
subject: reconfiguration
subject: 540
subject: 600

description: The response of soft actuators made of stimuli-responsive materials can be phenomenologically described by a stimulus-deformation curve, depicting the controllability and sensitivity of the actuator system. Manipulating such stimulus-deformation curve allows fabricating soft microrobots with reconfigurable actuation behavior, which is not easily achievable using conventional materials. Here, we report a light-driven actuator based on a liquid crystal polymer network containing diarylethene (DAE) photoswitches as cross-links, in which the stimulus-deformation curve under visible-light illumination is tuned with UV light. The tuning is brought about by the reversible electrocyclization of the DAE units. Because of the excellent thermal stability of the visible-absorbing closed-form DAEs, the absorbance of the actuator can be optically fixed to a desired value, which in turn dictates the efficiency of photothermally induced deformation. We employ the controllability in devising a logical AND gate with macroscopic output, i.e., an actuator that bends negligibly under UV or visible light irradiation, but with profound shape change when addressed to both simultaneously. The results provide design tools for reconfigurable microrobotics and polymer-based logic gating. © 2020 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.