cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strongylognathus
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Strongylognathus
Eciton
Eciton testaceum

description: Genus Strongylognathus Mayr, 1853
Strongylognathus Mayr, 1853:389.
Type-species: Eciton testaceum Schenck, 1852.
Worker and queen. Mandibles falcate, tapering to apex, edentate or occasionally with a minute denticle before apex. Palp formula -4:3, antennae 12 segmented. Propodeum with a pair of very small denticles.
Male. Mandibles as worker but smaller; antennae 10 segmented with elongated second funicular segment as in Tetramorium.
This is a palaearctic genus with several species each dependant on one or other Tetramorium species. One species only occurs in North Europe.
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on page 80
Strongylognathus testaceus
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Strongylognathus
Strongylognathus testaceus

description: 27. Strongylognathus testaceus (Schenck, 1852)
Figs. 108,109.
Eciton testaceum Schenck, 1852:117.
Worker. Yellowish brown. Head rectangular with pronounced occipital emargination and posterolateral angles. Body shining with long fine pale hairs present also on appendages. Sculpture variable, with longitudinal striae present or more or less effaced on head and alitrunk. Length: 2.0-3.6 mm.
Queen. Darker than worker, brownish with paler appendages. Wings pale with 1 cubital cell, 1 discoidal and an open radial cell. Length: 3.5-3.8 mm.
Male. Dark brown with pale brown appendages. Head small narrower than promesonotum. Occiput emarginate sharply angled postero-laterally. Antennal scape shorter than second funiculus segment. Length: 3.2-4 mm.
Distribution. Very rare in S. Sweden, only recorded from Sm. and 01. - Recorded in England from Devon, Dorset and Hants very locally. - Range: Pyrenees to Ukraine, North Italy to Sweden.
Biology. This species occurs only in the nests of its host Tetramorium caespitum. Workers and brood of both host and parasite are present but only the sexuals of Strongylognathus are developed, the original Tetramorium queen as well as the adoptive Strongylognathus queen usually being found present together.
S. testaceus workers are normally greatly outnumbered by Tetramorium workers. Observations on this and related species suggest that neighbouring nests of the host species are raided to recruit more Tetramorium pupae to the colony which is often very populous with up to 20,000 individuals. Alatae are present in July and August
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on pages 80-82
Additional file 1: of Ambulatory oxygen in fibrotic lung disease (AmbOx): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Visca, Dina
name: Tsipouri, Vicky
name: Mori, Letizia
name: Ashi Firouzi
name: Fleming, Sharon
name: Farquhar, Morag
name: Leung, Elizabeth
name: Maher, Toby
name: Cullinan, Paul
name: Hopkinson, Nick
name: Wells, Athol
name: Banya, Winston
name: Whitty, Jennifer
name: Huzaifa Adamali
name: Spencer, Lisa
name: Piersante Sestini
name: Renzoni, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: AmbOx protocol v3.0. (PDF 440 kb)
Tetramorium
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Tetramorium
Formica
Formica caespitum

description: Genus Tetramorium Mayr, 1855
Tetramorium Mayr, 1855:423.
Type-species: Formica caespitum Linne, 1758.
Worker and queen. Lateral margins of clypeus raised into a ridge in front of antennal insertions; mandibles with 3 strong apical teeth followed by a row of smaller denticles. Sting with lamelliform appendage. Pronotum of worker distinctly angled anterolaterally. Body hairs simple.
Male. Antennae 10 segmented with elongate second funiculus segment, mandibles dentate. Body hairs simple.
This is a very large genus with several hundred species mainly distributed throughout the palaeotropic and palaearctic regions. One species is native in North Europe and one or more subtropical cosmopolitan species are occasionally introduced and may become established in heated premises.
Keys to species of Tetramorium
Workers and queens
1 Frontal carinae short; body colour brownish black............ 28. caespitum (Linne)
Frontal carinae extended backwards as longitudinal ridges almost to occipital margin; body colour yellowish to reddish brown.............................................. 2
2(1) Dorsum of alitrunk and petiole nodes coarsely rugulose; body hairs long and numerous. Queen has first gaster tergite with fine longitudinal striae at base (Fig. 113)...................................................................... bicarinatum (Nylander)
Alitrunk finely rugulose with numerous punctures; body hairs short and sparse. Queen has postpetiole and first gaster tergite finely punctulate simillimum (Smith)
Males
Tetramorium bicarinatum (Nylander, 1846) [stat. rev. Bolton, 1977]
Fig. 113.
Myrmica bicarinata Nylander, 1846b: 1061.
Worker and queen. Pale reddish, coarse reticulo-rugulose sculpture; frontal carinae
1 Postpetiole smooth and shining............................................ simillimum (Smith)
Postpetiole punctured or regulose .................................................................. 2
2(1) Head and alitrunk yellowish brown. Frontal carinae extend backward to level of ocelli ........................................................................ bicarinatum (Nylander)
Head and alitrunk blackish brown. Frontal carinae short 28. caespitum (Linne)
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on pages 82-84
Paranocarodes brevipes Ramme 1951
Creators: name: Ünal, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Pamphagidae
Paranocarodes
Paranocarodes brevipes

description: Paranocarodes brevipes Ramme, 1951 sp. rev.
(Figs. 51, 399–400, 431–432, 840)
Nocarodes Straubei Fieb.: Werner 1905: 2.
Paranocarodes brevipes n. sp.: Ramme 1951: 278, 284, 427.
Paranocarodes brevipes Ramme, 1951: Karabağ 1958: 117; Weidner 1969: 158. Paranocarodes fieberi tolunayi Karabağ, 1949: Demirsoy 1973: 413, partim; Demirsoy 1977: 65, partim. Paranocarodes brevipes Ramme, 1951: Demirsoy 1977: 65, as syn. of tolunayi. Paranocarodes aff. fieberi (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882): Ünal 2001: 3.
Type locality. Turkey, Konya, Saray Dağı. Holotype: male (NMW).
Material examined. TURKEY: Asia min., [Konya], Serai-Dagh [Saray Dağı] bei Konia, 1902, 1♂ (Holotype) (leg. Penther); Serai-Dagh, 1620 m, 13.5.1902, 1♀ (Allotype) (leg. Penther); [Konya], Serai-Dagh bei Konia, Asia min., 1♀ [Topotype] (det. Ramme as Paranocarodes fieberi) (NMW); [Konya], Serai-Dagh bei Konia, Asia min., 1902, 1♂ (Paratype) (leg. Penther) (MfN); [Karaman], Maden-Chehir [Madenşehir], 4.1924, 1♂ (Paratype) (NHMUK); Konya, Tatköy, Ağlayançal Tepesi, 1600–1700 m, 20.6.2008, 3♂, 4♀; Karaman, Karadağ, 2278 m, 17.6.2003, 9♂, 13♀; Karaman, Sertavul Geçidi, 1650 m, 18.6.2003, 6♂, 2♀; Karaman, Ermenek, Akpınar Yaylası, 1575 m, 36.39.762 N, 32.55.966 E, 6.6.2012, 6♂, 1♀, plus 2♂, 3♀ in alcohol; Karaman, Ermenek, Karamanbey Geçidi, 1893 m, 6.6.2012, 6♀ (all leg. M. Ünal); Konya, Bozkır, Sorkun, 1100 m, 14.6.1997, 1♂ (leg. M. Ünal) (Ünal 2001); Konya, Bozkır, Kuruçay, 1200–1300 m, 14.6.1997, 1♀ (leg. M. Ünal) (Ünal 2001) (AİBÜEM); Turkey, [Karaman], Sertavul Geçidi, 4800 ft, 21.6.1960, 7♂, 4♀ (leg. K. M. Guichard & D. H. Harvey) (NHMUK).
Distribution. Known from Konya, Karaman provinces, mainly southern edge of Central Anatolia, between Saray Dağı and Sertavul Pass (Fig. 840).
Remarks. According to Ramme (1951: 284) the coloration brighter in male [Holotype], completely decolorised and also shrunk in female [Allotype] presumably by the treatment with alcohol. Therefore the hind tibia in both sexes are seen pale brownish, but its natural coloration is black as in all other specimens listed above including the Tatköy population, where is very close (only several kms.) to the type locality Saray Dağı. Ramme identified a female (NMW) from the type locality as P. fieberi, probably before his decision on the new species, P. brevipes.
description: Published as part of Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, pp. 1-223 in Zootaxa 4206 (1) on page 106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4206.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/208260
Paranocarodes lubricus Mistshenko 1951
Creators: name: Ünal, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Pamphagidae
Paranocarodes
Paranocarodes lubricus

description: Paranocarodes lubricus Mistshenko, 1951
(Figs. 51, 406–407, 433–434, 840)
Nocarodes Straubei Fieb.: Werner 1901: 282, partim.
Paranocarodes lubricus sp. nov.: Mistshenko 1951: 517.
Paranocarodes lubricus Mistshenko, 1951: Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko 1951: 341; Karabağ 1958: 115. Paranocarodes cilicicus n. sp.: Ramme 1951:278, 281, 427. syn. nov.
Paranocarodes cilicicus Ramme, 1951: Karabağ 1958: 116; Weidner 1969: 158. Paranocarodes fieberi tolunayi Karabağ, 1949: Demirsoy 1973: 413, partim; Demirsoy 1977: 65, partim. Paranocarodes lubricus Mistshenko, 1951: Demirsoy 1977: 65, as syn. of tolunayi. Paranocarodes cilicicus Ramme, 1951: Demirsoy 1977: 65, as syn. of tolunayi.
Type locality. S. Turkey: Bolkar Dağları. Holotype: female (ZIN).
Material examined. TURKEY: Asia Minor, Cilic. Taurus [Bolkar Dağları], 1904, 1♀ (Holotype) (leg. M. Holtz) (ZIN); Asia Minor, Taurus cilic., 1895, 1♂ (Holotype of Paranocarodes cilicicus), 1♀ (Paratype of Paranocarodes cilicicus) (leg. Holtz) (MfN); Asia Minor, Taurus cilic., 1895, 1♀ (leg. Holtz) [Topotype] (det. as P. straubei Fieb.) (NHMUK); Turkey, Anatolia, Mersin, between Ermenek & Anamur, 1900 m, 17.8.1949, 1♂ (leg. P. H. Davis) (NHMUK); Karaman, Ermenek, Kazancı, 36.28.430 N, 32.50.442 E, 1511 m, 7.6.2012, 1♀, plus 1♂, 3♀ in alcohol (leg. M. Ünal); Mersin, Kazancı-Anamur, Halkalı Yaylası, 1400 m, 36.22.896 N, 32.56.661 E, 7.6.2012, 1♀ in alcohol (leg. M. Ünal) (AİBÜEM); Kleinasien, 1914, 1♂ (leg. Tölg) (det as P. straubei var.); Beyruth [Berit Dağı, Kahramanmaraş], 1♂ (det as P. straubei); [Adana, Pozantı], Külek [Gülek], 1♂, 1♀ (Paratypes of Paranocarodes cilicicus) (leg. Lederer) (det. Br. v.W. as Nocarodes straubei) (NMW).
Distribution. Known from S. Turkey: Bolkar Mountains placed between Niğde, Karaman, Mersin and Adana provinces and reaches to Taşeli Peninsula between Anamur and Ermenek in the West and to Kahramanmaraş in the East (Fig. 840).
Remarks. Brunner’s (1882) record from Beyruth belongs to this species. The word “Beyruth” probably comes from Berit. Some plant records were also given as “Beryt=Beirut=Beyrut” in the Flora of Turkey and it was determined that those plants were collected from the Berit Mountain in Kahramanmaraş Province of Turkey (Güner & Ekim, 2014). As geographical distribution of this species, it is possibly more correct rather than Beirut, Lebanon.
description: Published as part of Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, pp. 1-223 in Zootaxa 4206 (1) on pages 106-107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4206.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/208260
Tetramorium caespitum
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Tetramorium
Tetramorium caespitum

description: 28. Tetramorium caespitum (Linne, 1758)
Figs. 2, 110-112.
Formica caespitum Linne, 1758:581.
Worker. Blackish brown, sometimes paler; head including clypeus and alitrunk regularly longitudinally striate. Petiole and postpetiole with shallow punctures and sculpture but smooth in centre. Propodeal spines very short, broadly denticulate, petiole and postpetiole about as broad as long. Length: 2.5-4 mm.
Queen. Blackish brown with appendages and mandibles paler. Pronotum concealed above by overarching mesonotum. Mesonotum and scutellum smooth and shining. Much larger than worker with petiole and postpetiole broadly transverse. Wings pale with 1 discoidal and 1 cubital cell and open radial cell; pterostigma and veins yellowish. Length: 6-8.0 mm.
Male. Head much narrower than alitrunk, rounded with very large eyes; antennal scape shorter than second funiculus segment. Y-shaped notauli and parapsidal furrows distinct. Postpetiole much wider than long. Head, propodeum, petiole and postpetiole longitudinally striate, mid body more finely striate. Size much larger than worker. Length: 5.5-7 mm.
Distribution. Locally common in Denmark and Southern Fennoscandia up to approximately latitude 62° 50'. - Range: holarctic: America to Japan, North Africa to N. Europe including British Isles.
Biology. The species tends to be coastal in North Europe but also inland on heath and on the open borders of woodland, nesting in the earth and also under stones. Colonies are normally single queened, but populous with up to 10,000 or more workers. This species is moderately aggressive, living by predation on other arthropods, scavenging and also from root aphid honeydew. Seeds of various herbs and grasses are often collected into the nest. The alatae are conspicuously large compared with the workers; they are developed in the early summer and fly in late June and July. prolonged backward; propodeal spines long. Length of worker: 3.4-4 mm, queen: 5-5.5 mm.
Male. Yellow brown to brown; mesonotum and postpetiole shining, rest of alitrunk and head weakly sculptured; frontal carinae prolonged backward; occiput bluntly angled at posterolateral borders; propodeum with 2 short spines. Length: 4.5-5 mm.
Biology. This is a cosmopolitan species of tropical origin often introduced and established in heated glasshouses in the British Isles. It nests in small communities in earth, under bark and in or on shrubby hothouse plants. Long know as Tetramorium guineense (Fabricius), Bolton (1977) has shown that the correct name is T. bicarinatum.
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on pages 84-85
Paranocarodes beieri Ramme 1951
Creators: name: Ünal, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Pamphagidae
Paranocarodes
Paranocarodes beieri

description: Paranocarodes beieri (Ramme, 1951)
(Figs. 5, 53, 397–398, 435–436, 840)
Granulodes beieri n. sp.: Ramme 1951: 278, 288, 427.
Granulodes beieri Ramme, 1951: Karabağ 1958: 125; Weidner 1969: 162. Ananothrotes fieberi (Br.-W.): Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko 1951: 340. Paranocarodes beieri (Ramme, 1951): Demirsoy 1973: 409, 410, partim; Demirsoy 1977: 60, 61, partim; Presa & Garcia 1983:
24; Otte 1994: 184.
Type locality. Turkey: Konya-Kayseri. Holotype: male (NMW).
Material examined. TURKEY: Asia min., Konia bis Kaisarie [Konya-Kayseri], 1902, 1♂ (Holotype), 1♀ (Paratype) (leg. Penther) (NMW); Asia min., Konia bis Kaisarie, 1902, 1♂, 1♀ (Paratypes) (leg. Penther) (MfN); Taurus cil., Dumbelek Dagh, 1♂, 1♀ (NMW); Taurus cil., Asia Minor, 1♀ (NMW); [Niğde], Cappadocia, Ovadjyk, 1♂ (det. as Nocarodes straubei) (NMW); Asia Minor, Cilic. Taurus, Dumbelek dagh, 1904, 1♀ (leg. M. Holtz) (det. Mistshenko as Ananothrotes fieberi) (ZIN); Asia Minor, Külek [Gülek], 1♀ (det. Brunner as straubei) (MNCN); Niğde, Ulukışla, Bolkar Dağı, Medetsiz Tepesi, 2450–2600 m, 12.7.2008, 8♂, 11♀ (leg. M. Ünal & A. Erden) (AİBÜEM).
Distribution. S. Turkey. Mainly Bolkar Mountains and its near vicinity (Fig. 840).
Remarks. Ramme (1951: 288) described this species as the type species of Granulodes, which is a synonym of Paranocarodes.
Demirsoy (1977) identified some specimens collected from Akşehir as P. beieri. He used them to prepare the key and the illustration for this species, but the characters given by him do not agree with the types of P. beieri and those given by Ramme (1951). Identification of Akşehir specimens should be confirmed, they could be P. anatoliensis anamas sp. nov. or P. brevipes Ramme rather than the others. Yalım & Çıplak (2002) recorded this species from Antalya, Termessos, probably because of the variation of hind leg coloration of P. a. anatoliensis Demirsoy even in the same habitat (see P. anatoliensis). P. beieri is only found in the Bolkar Mountains (Cilician Taurus) and its vicinity.
description: Published as part of Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, pp. 1-223 in Zootaxa 4206 (1) on page 107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4206.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/208260
Tetramorium simillimum
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Tetramorium
Tetramorium simillimum

description: Tetramorium simillimum (Smith, 1851)
Myrmica simillima Smith, 1851:118.
Workers and queen. Weakly sculptured, pale red much smaller than T. guineense. Length of worker: 1.6-2 mm, queen: 2.2-2.5 mm. Male. Light yellowish red; occiput rounded. Length: 2.5 mm.
Biology. This cosmopolitan species occasionally occurs in heated glasshouses in Europe and has been recorded from Denmark and also on several occasions in England.
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on page 85
Ebnerodes Ramme 1951
Creators: name: Ünal, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Pamphagidae
Ebnerodes

description: Genus: Ebnerodes Ramme, 1951
Ramme 1951: 278, 288. Type species: Nocarodes tölgi Ebner, 1919.
Weidner 1969: 157, 159; Demirsoy 1973: 406, 409; Demirsoy 1977: 55, 57; Presa & Garcia 1983: 8; Otte 1994: 191.
description: Published as part of Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, pp. 1-223 in Zootaxa 4206 (1) on page 107, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4206.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/208260
Pelecinobaccha concinna Williston 1891, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves
name: Marshall, Stephen A.
name: Skevington, Jeffrey H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Pelecinobaccha
Pelecinobaccha concinna

description: Pelecinobaccha concinna (Williston, 1891) comb. nov.
Map 11. Figure 23.
Baccha concinna Williston, 1891 — Williston, 1891: 38. Type locality: Mexico, Guerrero, Chilpancingo. Type female BMNH (not examined).
Ocyptamus concinnus. Thompson et al., 1976: 15 (catalog citation).
As in P. dracula except: Male. Wing bare on most of posterior ½ of cell bm and anterior margin of cu p. Genitalia: Surstylus setulae shorter. Basiphallus with posterior apex long and gently curved posteriorly; distiphallus with anterior surface strongly curved posteriorly. Postgonite ventro-apical extremity more rounded. Female. Second tergite rectangular and long, length ~1.5 times minimum width. Genitalia: 7th tergite with some pile on apical ½, apical margin slightly concave. Eighth tergite with short extensions at the dorsal start of the basal crest, densely pilose (unusual for Pelecinobaccha).
Length. 9–11mm; wing 7–8.5mm.
Distribution. Guatemala, Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero).
Material examined. GUATEMALA. Purchased from Fritz Plaumann by Paul H. Arnaud, Jr., Collection of Paul Arnaud Jr. [green label] April 1966 (1 ♂, USNM ENT 00257738). MEXICO. Chiapas, 20–25 Mi NE Huixtla, 3000 ft., 0 1 Jun 1969, H.J.Teskey (1 ♀, CNC Diptera 161220); ..., 25Mi N Huixtla, 3200 ft., Malaise trap, 4 Jun 1969 (1 ♂, CNC Diptera 161219); …, Finca Prusia (33Km S. Jaltenango, 1000m, 10–12 May 1985, A.Freidberg (1 ♂, USNM ENT 00257739); ..., Tuxtla Gutierrez, Jul 1959, N.L.H.Krauss (1 ♂, USNM ENT 00257734).
Comments. Nigel Wyatt studied the type specimens in the BMNH, confirming the wing microtrichosity difference between B. concinna and B. dracula.
description: Published as part of Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves, Marshall, Stephen A. & Skevington, Jeffrey H., 2014, Revision of the genus Pelecinobaccha Shannon, description of Relictanum gen. nov., and redescription of Atylobaccha flukiella (Curran, 1941) (Diptera: Syrphidae), pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 3819 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3819.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/251284
Paranothrotes Mistshenko 1951
Creators: name: Ünal, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Pamphagidae
Paranothrotes

description: Genus: Paranothrotes Mistshenko, 1951
Mistshenko, 1951: 519. Type species: Paranothrotes tenuicornis Mistshenko, 1951.
Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko 1951: 290, 343; Bey-Bienko 1957: 1701; Karabağ 1958: 118; Shumakov 1963: 53; Descamps & Donskoff 1965: 500; Avakyan 1968: 88, 93; Weidner 1969: 157, 159; Demirsoy 1973: 406, 414; Demirsoy 1977: 57, 67; Salman 1978: 67; Presa & Garcia 1983: 25; Ihsan & Donskoff 1988: 21, 25; Otte 1994: 185; Mirzayans 1998: 18; Zhang, Yin & Yin 2003: 220; Hodjat 2012: 264, 267.
Nocaropsis Ramme, 1951: 278, 279, 289 (Type species: Nocarodes gotvendicus I. Bol.) syn. nov. Nocaropsis Ramme, 1951: Bey-Bienko 1957: 1701, as syn. of Paranothrotes; Presa & Garcia 1983: 18; Otte 1994: 175; Yin, Shi & Yin (1996: 440), sensu Eades et al. 2016.
Remarks. Bey-Bienko (1957) considered the genus Nocaropsis Ramme a synonym of Paranothrotes for the first time, but Presa & Garcia (1983: 18), Otte (1994: 175) and Yin, X.-C., J. Shi & Z. Yin (1996, sensu Eades et al. 2016) gave it as valid genus. I propose here again it is a synonym of Paranothrotes.
Otte (1994: 185) listed “ Paranothrotes chinghaiensis Demirsoy ” with the reference of “Ying, 1974”. It is probably a listing mistake. Asulconotus chinghaiensis Ying, 1974 is a Gomphocerinae species from China.
description: Published as part of Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, pp. 1-223 in Zootaxa 4206 (1) on pages 108-109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4206.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/208260
Additional file 3: Figure S2. of Dyslipidemia and reference values for fasting plasma lipid concentrations in Danish/North-European White children and adolescents
Creators: name: Nielsen, Tenna
name: Lausten-Thomsen, Ulrik
name: Cilius Fonvig
name: Bøjsøe, Christine
name: Pedersen, Lise
name: Bratholm, Palle
name: Hansen, Torben
name: Pedersen, Oluf
name: Jens-Christian Holm
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Cumulative relative frequency plots of concentrations of HDL. Concentrations measured in 2012 measured on the Cobas® 6000 (Blue curve) and in 2014 on the Dimension Vista®1500 (Red curve). (PDF 28 kb)
MPEC 2024-J154 : 2024 JQ3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 JQ3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Essential oil constituents of regional ethnomedicinal plants as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro: an integrated molecular docking, molecular dynamics and QM/MM study
Creators: name: Phonglo, Ambalika
name: Dowerah, Dikshita
name: Sarma, Srutishree
name: Ahmed, Najima
name: Dutta, Priyanka
name: Basumutary, Moumita
name: Deka, Ramesh Ch.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The scientific community has achieved a remarkable milestone by creating efficacious vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The treatment alternatives are still restricted, though. The bioactive ingredients present in natural plants are known to exhibit diverse pharmacological effects against many diseases. Using computational techniques such as molecular docking, drug-likeness, ADMET study, MD simulation, and our own N-layered Integrated molecular Orbital and Molecular mechanics (ONIOM) calculations, this study aimed to investigate essential oil constituents of Lindera neesiana, Litsea cubeba and Zanthoxylum armatum DC plants as a potential natural inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). To determine their binding affinity, 107 phytochemical substances in total were docked inside the binding pocket of Mpro. Copaene showed the highest binding affinity among the 107 compounds, with an energy of −7.90 kcal/mol. Furthermore, physiochemical and ADMET properties were evaluated for the top five phytocompounds. The studied phytocompounds showed good physiochemical and pharmacokinetic behaviour with no associated toxicity. MD simulation further provided evidence for stable interaction of phytocompounds within the binding pocket of Mpro. Subsequently, ONIOM calculation was done on the best-hit complex, wherein the hydrogen bonding interactions were retained with appreciable negative energy. These in silico results indicate that the specific phytocompounds present in essential oils of L. neesiana, L. cubeba, and Z. armatum DC have significant inhibitor ability against SARS-CoV-2 main protease and could be explored for future therapeutic investigations.
Pelecinobaccha cyclops Hull 1947, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves
name: Marshall, Stephen A.
name: Skevington, Jeffrey H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Pelecinobaccha
Pelecinobaccha cyclops

description: Pelecinobaccha cyclops (Hull, 1947) comb. nov.
Baccha cyclops Hull, 1947.— Hull, 1947b: 406. Type locality: Colombia, Muzo. Holotype male unknown. Hull, 1949a: 235 (fig. 196, male abdomen).
Ocyptamus cyclops. Thompson et al., 1976: 16 (catalog citation).
Male. Similar to P. aster except: Male. Head: Occiput shining steel-blue dorsally. Thorax: Scutellum disc pile black. Wing: Dark brown; alula possibly the width of c cell. Legs: Profemur brownish yellow, protibia with subapical borwn ring, three last protarsomeres brown, first and second yellow. Mesofemur light brown but yellow brown on base and apex; mesotibia yellow but darker on apex, three last mesotarsomeres brown, first and second yellow. Metafemur brown but base yellow, mesotibia yellow on basal ⅓. Abdomen: Black with bluish reflections. Genitalia: Not dissected.
Female. Female unknown.
Length. 12.5mm.
Distribution. Colombia (Boyaca).
Comments. This redescription is based on Hull’s (1947b) original description. The information available in the original description is inadequate to clearly distinguish P. cyclops from similar species. In Hull’s 1949a key P. cyclops keys out as ‘Alula near or quite as wide as the basal part of costal cell […]’ (page 108, couplet 54), which suggests that the alula is much wider than on P. aster, although this information is not present in the original description.
description: Published as part of Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves, Marshall, Stephen A. & Skevington, Jeffrey H., 2014, Revision of the genus Pelecinobaccha Shannon, description of Relictanum gen. nov., and redescription of Atylobaccha flukiella (Curran, 1941) (Diptera: Syrphidae), pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 3819 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3819.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/251284
Enhanced targeting efficacy of baicalein analogues on the dimeric state of SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease compared to monomeric state
Creators: name: Foudah, Ahmed I.
name: Alam, Aftab
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, has been a global threat affecting the entire world. It is a single-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the coronavirus family. In SARS-CoV2, the 3CL protease protein significantly contributes to viral replication and is responsible for viral polyprotein cleavage. These factors make 3CL protease a promising drug target to inhibit the growth of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, using in silico approaches, we have targeted the 3CL protease of SARS-CoV-2 to identify promising antiviral candidates for COVID-19 treatment. Here, 463 structural analogs of Baicalein compounds were collected initially, and by employing the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) technique on 76 antiviral compounds, screening was done against monomeric and dimeric versions of the target protein. Further, based on the molecular interaction studies and MD simulation, followed by validation of the obtained simulation trajectories using PCA and MM/PBSA calculation, it was observed that ligands showed better binding stability with dimeric proteins than monomeric proteins and can be used as suitable therapeutic candidates for SARS-CoV2 treatment. The MD simulation showed a favorable, robust outcome for the 46885476 when bound to the dimeric state. It matched the control in the number of hydrogen bonds and conformational stability. This molecule also directly impacted the catalytic dyads of the protein, suggesting potential inhibitory action. In addition, this study helps to accelerate the drug development process against SARS-CoV2 through the observed in-silico results, which need to be validated using clinical experiments in future studies.
Additional file 6: Figure S6. of Impaired lysosomal activity mediated autophagic flux disruption by graphite carbon nanofibers induce apoptosis in human lung epithelial cells through oxidative stress and energetic impairment
Creators: name: Mittal, Sandeep
name: Sharma, Pradeep
name: Ratnakar Tiwari
name: Rayavarapu, Raja
name: Shankar, Jai
name: Chauhan, Lalit
name: Pandey, Alok
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: GCNF induced ATP loss and inhibition of glucose uptake in A549 cells. (a) A549 cells exposed to GCNF (1 – 100 μg/ml) for 24 h time period showed a dose dependent decrease in ATP level compared to control cells which was measured using ATP measurement kit by a luminometer. Values are expressed as mean ± SE of three independent experiment. *p<0.05 was considered as statistical significant. (b) A549 cells were treated with GCNF for 24 h time and glucose uptake was determined using 2 - NBDG according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Significant reduction in fluorescence was detected as measured by the flow cytometer. (PDF 913 kb)
Additional file 4: of Protective intraoperative ventilation with higher versus lower levels of positive end-expiratory pressure in obese patients (PROBESE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: T. Bluth
name: R. Teichmann
name: T. Kiss
name: I. Bobek
name: J. Canet
name: G. Cinnella
name: L. De Baerdemaeker
name: C. Gregoretti
name: G. Hedenstierna
name: S. Hemmes
name: M. Hiesmayr
name: M. Hollmann
name: S. Jaber
name: J. Laffey
name: M. Licker
name: K. Markstaller
name: I. Matot
name: G. MĂźller
name: G. Mills
name: J. Mulier
name: C. Putensen
name: R. Rossaint
name: J. Schmitt
name: M. Senturk
name: A. Serpa Neto
name: P. Severgnini
name: J. Sprung
name: M. F. Vidal Melo
name: H. Wrigge
name: M. Schultz
name: P. Pelosi
name: M. Gama De Abreu
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology

description: Standard operating procedures (SOP) for plasma Sampling. (PDF 115Â kb)
Camponotus fallax
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus fallax

description: 29. Camponotus fallax (Nylander, 1856)
Figs. 114, 115.
Formica fallax Nylander, 1856:57.
Worker. Dark brownish red to black with legs and antennae paler; body hairs sparse; microsculpture on head and alitrunk dense, giving somewhat opaque appearance; gaster shining. Clypeus not projecting forward beyond mandibular insertions, middle of front border incised; in the larger examples the cleft is deep, giving a bidentate appearance. Mandibles broad with five distinct teeth. In profile dorsum of alitrunk rather flat, propodeum with steep descending basal face; petiole broadly oval in front view. Length: variable 4-9 mm.
Queen. Similar in appearance with long steeply descending basal face of propodeum. Length: 8-10 mm.
Male. Brownish black; clypeal emargination shallow, sometimes indistinct; petiole shallowly emarginate, low and thick in profile. Wings pale except for yellowish front border and stigma of fore-wing. Mandibles with apical tooth only. Length: 7-8 mm.
Distribution. Sweden: Vastmanland, where Forsslund (1957) found it locally in old oak trees. Very rare. - Range: Central and South Europe, Portugal to Ukraine and Morocco to Poland.
Biology. This species lives in small colonies of 30-50 individuals under bark or in dead wood of old trees up to 2 m or more above ground in open deciduous woodland or parkland. Workers forage singly and are fugitive. Alatae have been recorded in early summer, May and June.
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on page 88
Camponotus vagus
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus vagus

description: 30. Camponotus vagus (Scopoli, 1763)
Figs. 116-120.
Formica vaga Scopoli, 1763:312.
In this group of species the anterior border of the clypeus is entire, straight or feebly convex and does not extend beyond the mandibular insertions. The alitrunk in the worker caste is high and steep sided; in profile the dorsum is convex without a break, the dorsal face of the propodeum abruptly curving into the long almost vertical basal face. From above the pronotum is much wider than the rest of the alitrunk which narrows to half its width posteriorly. Mandibles are large with five strong teeth which are often blunted and worn in the larger workers. The male has the mandibles slender with an apical tooth only.
Worker. Uniformly black with profuse body hairs. The sculpture is finely transverse and closely punctured, obscured by long thick pubescence. Length: 6-12 mm. Queen. As worker. Length: 14-16 mm.
Male. Pubescence dilute; petiole deeply emarginate rising to a sharp acute angle at each side of the dorsal crest. Length: 9-10 mm.
Distribution. Sweden: Öl. and Gtl. - Finland: Ab and Ka. Rare. - Range: a South European species abundant in the Mediterranean area, but recorded from Portugal to South Russia and the mountains of North Africa to Poland.
Biology. C. vagus nests in dry rotten wood among roots under stones in dry sun exposed banks. It is an active aggressive species biting freely on disturbance. As with other species of this group it is both carnivorous and aphidicolous. According to Pisarski (1961) alatae have been recorded in July in Poland where it occurs very locally in the Centre and South.
Note. Forsslund (1957a) doubted its existence in Fennoscandia as the only verifiable specimen was an alate queen taken in Öland. However, there is a good series of workers from Gotland in the University of Lund collection, an old specimen from Karelia australis in the Helsinki Museum and a live colony has been kept under observation by A. K. Merisuo at Rymattylla in southwest Finland (Merisuo and Kapyla, 1975).
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on page 90
Camponotus herculeanus
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus herculeanus

description: 31. Camponotus herculeanus (Linne, 1758)
Figs. 121,123.
Formica herculeana horni, 1758:579.
Workers. Bicoloured with alitrunk dull red to reddish black, head and gaster dull black.
Frons has deep close set punctures. Long pubescence on dorsum of first gaster tergite overlapping posterior border. Length: 5-12 mm.
Queen. Sides of alitrunk, propodeum and scale dull red, rest black; punctures and pubescence as in worker. Length: 14-17 mm.
Male. Entirely black, tarsi and funiculi paler; wings yellowish infuscate; head and gaster hairs sparse but present on all gaster tergitcs. Petiole scale has shallow dorsal emargination with raised sides rounded to blunt lateral angles.
Distribution. Throughout Fennoscandia; local in Denmark and absent from the British Isles. - Range: throughout mountain Europe and extending through Northern Eurasia from Norway to Eastern Siberia to the northernmost tree frontier in Arctic Norway.
Biology. This species is a typical denizen of shaded coniferous forest nesting in rotten stumps and occasionally mining in living trees. Fertilised females found nests singly. Alatae are developed in the late summer but overwinter to swarm in June.
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on pages 90-91
Camponotus ligniperda
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus
Camponotus ligniperda

description: 32. Camponotus ligniperda (Latreille, 1802)
Fig. 122.
Formica ligniperda Latreille, 1802a:88.
This species is similar in all castes to C. herculeanus but distinguished by the brighter colour and more shining gaster.
Worker. Alitrunk bright yellowish red to red; pubescence is short and sparse, usually absent on medial dorsal surfaces of the first and second gaster tergites. Length: 6-14 mm.
Queen. Propodeum, scale and usually anterior face of gaster clear red, rest worker, head punctures shallow. Length: 16-18 mm.
Male. Pilosity reduced so that projecting hairs usually absent from the first gasw tergite with only one or two present towards the posterior border of the second tergite. Length: 8-12 mm.
Distribution. Common in Central and South Fennoscandia north to latitude 63°; more local in Denmark; not found in British Isles. - Range: Central Spain to West Russia, Sicily to Central Sweden.
Biology. This species is characteristically found in stony banks and along the sun exposed borders of woodland, either nesting under stones or in dry stumps. It is an aggressive ant biting freely and will sometimes attack other Camponotus or Formica colonies. The larger workers bite their opponents clean through the alitrunk or crush their heads with their strong mandibles. A more xerothermic species than C. herculeanus its habits are otherwise similar.
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on page 91
Lasius flavus
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Lasius
Lasius flavus

description: 33. Lasius flavus (Fabricius, 1781)
Figs. 124-127.
Formica flava Fabricius, 1781:491.
Worker. Clear yellow to brownish yellow. Body hairs on dorsum of gaster and alitrunk long; appendages and body covered with more or less thick adpressed pubescence, more dilute on head. No erect hairs on tibiae, scapes or genae. Scale thin in side view, low and broad in front view with dorsal margin mildly convex straight or in larger specimens occasionally emarginate. Size very variable in North European populations. Length: 2.2-4.8 mm.
Queen. Light to dark brown with underside paler. Pubescence and pilosity as in worker. Head distinctly narrower than alitrunk. Eyes with numerous short hairs. Wings partly infuscate. Length: 7.2-9.5 mm.
Male: Dark brown to brownish black. Scape and tibial hairs entirely lacking; head narrower than alitrunk; mandibles with one apical and pre-apical tooth. Vein m-cu often missing on fore-wing but usually present in extreme northern populations. Wings faintly tinted but not infuscate. Length: 3.5-5.0 mm.
Distribution. Throughout Denmark and Southern Fennoscandia up to latitude 67°; one record for Polmark in the Norwegian Finnmark. - Throughout British Isles excluding Northern Islands. - Range: North America to Japan; North Africa to Arctic.
Biology. This species is very widely distributed and one of the most abundant in North Europe where it is a characteristic earth mound builder in pastures and along the periphery of woodlands but also nesting under stones in rocky areas. Colonies are started by one or more queens with primary pleometrose quite frequent. In North Europe nests in exposed places and in northern extremity of its distribution, L. flavus exhibits a wide range of worker size. On warm sites in southern areas usually in sandy lowland heath, worker size is small and much less variable. Eye ommatidium number is correlated with size and series of small workers with eyes with low ommatidium number are sometimes referred to Lasius myops Forel. However, queen size is constant regardless of worker size. L. myops is therefore regarded as a synonym of L. flavus. Individual nests may contain several thousand individuals and favourable nest sites, e. g. pasture sloping with a southern aspect, may be crowded with mound nests. This species, as with L. niger, tends to swarm on the same day in any one area and in years of abundant production of sexuals huge mating may occur during late July or August. This species is hypogoeic, seldom occurring above ground, feeding on small insects and the exudate of subterranean root feeding aphids.
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on page 96
Lasius alienus
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Lasius
Lasius alienus

description: 34. Lasius alienus (Forster, 1850)
Figs. 128-130.
Formica aliena Forster, 1850:36.
Worker. Greyish yellow to brownish black. Pubescence adpressed, moderately thick over whole body and appendages. Short erect hairs scattered over dorsum and round whole occipital margin of head. Back of head convex. Ocelli indistinct or invisible; frontal furrow indistinct. Erect hairs absent on scape and front tibiae, sometimes present on hind tibiae. Length: 3.0-4.2 mm.
Queen. Greyish black to brownish black. Wings hyaline. Head much narrower than broad alitrunk. Pubescence and pilosity as in worker, no erect hairs on scape and front tibiae. Length: 8.0-9.0 mm.
Male. Greyish black. Wings hyaline. No erect hairs on tibiae or scapes. Length: 3.0-3.8 mm.
Distribution. Common in Denmark and South Sweden; in Norway only recorded from. O, HE and VE; in Finland recorded as far north as Ob and Ks. - Common in South Britain, local in Ireland and Southwest Scotland. - Range: Portugal to Japan also Himalayas, North Africa to Finland. Also North America (Wilson, 1955).
Biology. This wide ranging species nests in the soil on sandy lowland heaths, dry open pasture, sea cliffs and rocky outcrops in North Europe. Its habits are mainly subterranean, feeding on the exudates of root aphids but also by scavenging and predating small insects. Workers are generally unobtrusive and non aggressive compared with Lasius niger. Nests are single queened founded by solitary fertilised queens. Mating swarms occur in August.
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on pages 97-98
Lasius brunneus
Creators: name: Collingwood, C. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1979
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Lasius
Lasius brunneus

description: 35. Lasius brunneus (Latreille, 1798) Figs. 131,132.
Formica brunnea Latreille, 1798:41.
Worker. Bicoloured with gaster dark brown contrasting with testaceous or pale reddish brown head and alitrunk. Pubescence and body hairs sparse. Occipital hairs restricted to median area of back of head only. Scapes and tibiae never with erect hairs. Back of head flat or feebly concave. Frontal triangle and frontal furrow distinct, ocelli small but always clearly visible. Length: 3.2-4.5 mm.
Queen. Dark brown. Head comparatively massive, nearly as broad as alitrunk. Fore-wings partly infuscate. Ocelli conspicuous. Pilosity and other head features as worker. Head width 1.50-1.65 mm. Length: 8.0-9.0 mm.
Male. Dark brown. Head large with conspicuous frontal suture; mandibles with well marked pre-apical cleft. Dorsal margin of petiole deeply concave. Fore-wings partly infuscate. Length: 3.5-4.5 mm.
Distribution. Denmark: LFM, local; Sweden: Sm. - Dlr; Norway: 0, B, AK, VE and TE. - Not recorded from Finland. - Locally common in Central South England. - Range: Spain to Crimea and West Himalayas, Italy to Sweden.
Biology. This species nests in the interior of old trees, chiefly oak, but has also been recorded from hedgerows. It is fugitive and non-aggressive, rapidly dispersing on disturbance and because of its cryptic habits may be somewhat under-recorded. In Norway and Sweden it has frequently occurred nesting in the timbers of old houses and farm buildings, where its populous colonies may be difficult to dislodge. It chiefly tends tree aphids including the large bark feeding Stomaphis. Single queens initiate colonies in the crevices of old trees but may also be accepted back into the mother nest after the mating flight which occurs in June and early July.
description: Published as part of Collingwood, C. A., 1979, The Formicidae (Hymenoptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark., pp. 1-174 in Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica 8 on page 98