cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
British Gallup Poll CQ 333
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Government approval (1); James Callaghan performance (1); Margaret Thatcher performance (1); Daniel Steel performance (1); party support (1); last general election (2); discuss politics (1); hold strong opinions (1); future unemployment (1); future prices (1); firm busyness (1); personal financials (2); time to spend (1); time to buy (1); curb inflation (1); unemployment issues (5); sewing machine (4); household appliances (63); home medicine (22); deserts (55).
Improving Condensed Phase Water Dynamics with Explicit Nuclear Quantum Effects: the Polarizable Q-AMOEBA Force Field
Creators: name: Mauger, Nastasia
name: Plé, Thomas
name: Lagardère, Louis
name: Huppert, Simon
name: Piquemal, Jean-Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new parametrization of the AMOEBA polarizable force field for water denoted Q-AMOEBA, for use in simulations that explicitly account for nuclear quantum effects (NQEs). This study is made possible thanks to the recently introduced adaptive Quantum Thermal Bath (adQTB) simulation technique which computational cost is comparable to classical molecular dynamics. The flexible Q-AMOEBA model conserves the initial AMOEBA functional form, with an intermolecular potential including an atomic multipole description of electrostatic interactions (up to quadrupole), a polarization contribution based on the Thole interaction model and a buffered 14-7 potential to model van der Waals interactions. It has been obtained by using a Force Balance fitting strategy including high-level quantum chemistry reference energies and selected condensed phase properties targets. The final Q-AMOEBA model is shown to accurately reproduce both gas phase and condensed phase properties, notably improving the original AMOEBA water model. This development allows the fine study of NQEs on water liquid phase properties such as the average H-O-H angle compared to its gas phase equilibrium value, isotope effects etc... Q-AMOEBA also provides improved infrared spectroscopy prediction capabilities compared to AMOEBA03. Overall, we show that the impact of NQEs depends on the underlying model functional form and on the associated strength of hydrogen bonds. Since adQTB simulations can be performed at near classical computational cost using the Tinker-HP package, Q-AMOEBA can be extended to organic molecules, proteins and nucleic acids opening the possibility for the large scale study of the importance of NQEs in biophysics.
PI3K-Dependent GSK3？(Ser9)-Phosphorylation Is Implicated in the Intestinal Epithelial Cell Wound-Healing Response
Creators: name: Karrasch, Thomas
name: Spaeth, Tanja
name: Jobin, Christian
name: Allard, Brigitte
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Introduction The ability of the intestinal epithelial barrier to respond to various injurious insults is an essential component of intestinal homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for wound-healing and repair in the intestine are poorly understood. The glycogen synthase kinase 3？ (GSK3？) has been implicated in various biological processes such as cellular motility, cell spreading and recently inflammation. Aim To investigate the role of GSK3？ in intestinal epithelial cell restitution. Methods Rat intestinal epithelial IEC18 cells were serum-starved for 16 to 24h and wounded by multiple scraping. Akt(Ser473)-, GSK3？(Ser9)- and RelA(Ser536)-phosphorylation were determined by Western blot using specific phospho-antibodies. The inhibitors AG1478 (1 μM) and Ly294002 (25 μM) were used to block EGF-R autophosphorylation and PI3K-activation, respectively. ？-catenin/LEF/TCF dependent transcription was determined by reporter gene assay (TOP/FOP system). C-myc gene expression was evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. GSK3？？/？ mouse embryonic fibroblasts were used to characterize the role of GSK3？ in wounding-induced cell migration. Results Wounding induced GSK3？(Ser9) phosphorylation in IEC-18 cells, which led to ？-catenin accumulation as well as nuclear translocation of ？-catenin. ？-catenin stabilization/nuclear translocation led to enhanced LEF-TCF transcriptional activity and subsequent c-myc mRNA accumulation in wounded cell monolayers. Blocking PI3K/Akt signaling with Ly294002 prevented wound-induced GSK3？(Ser9) phosphorylation as well as ？-catenin nuclear translocation and significantly attenuated restitution. Additionally, wounding induced rapid NF-kB(Ser536) phosphorylation, which was inhibited by AG1478, but not by Ly294002. GSK3？？/？ cells demonstrated significantly attenuated wound-induced restitution compared to wild-type cells. Conclusion We conclude that PI3K-mediated GSK3？ phosphorylation is involved in the intestinal epithelial wound-healing response. Phosphorylation of GSK3？ may be important for intestinal restitution by promoting cell motility in response to wounding.
Time/CNN/Yankelovich Poll # 1995-95004: Mexico
Creators: name: CNN
name: Time
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Economy (2); favorability ratings of political leaders and parties; devaluation of the peso (6); blame for devaluation (6); aid from the United States (3); NAFTA (2); President Zedillo (2); the PRI (2); United States (5);immigration (2); living in the U.S. (3).
Gould's Belt
Creators: name: Palouš, Jan
name: Ehlerová, Soňa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local velocity patterns of star forming regions, young OB stars, nearby OB associations, atomic and molecular gas are confronted with models of an expanding region. We test free expansion from a point or from a ring, expanding 2D shell, and expanding 3D belt with abrupt or gradual energy injection snow-plowing the ambient medium with or without the drag forces including fragmentation and porosity of the medium. There is no agreement on the expansion time, which varies from 30 - 100 Myr. The inclination of the Gould belt is not explained by the above models of expansion. An oblique impact of a high velocity cloud may explain it, but the observed velocity pattern is difficult to reproduce. The Gould's belt may be one of the many structures resulting from shell-shell collisions in the galactic plane. The origin of the Gould's belt may be connected to instabilities in the curling gas flows downstream from the Galaxy spiral arms, forming ISM clouds and star formation complexes.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, Lessons from the Local Group: A Conference in Honour of David Block and Bruce Elmegreen, Springer
USIA Survey: Public Opinion Survey in Nicaragua
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: General outlook of the country (3); source of news (8); listening to foreign radio, watching foreign television programs (2); problems faced by country (3); economic situation (2); should rely on own efforts/aid from other countries for rebuilding economy (1); favorability of various countries (8); democracy in Central America (1); democracy in Nicaragua (2); personal meaning of democracy (1); most important aspect of democracy (1); country most helpful, most harmful to development of democracy in Central America (2); personal influence on government policy decisions (1); US promotion of democratic systems in Central America (1); favorability of various political leaders (13); favorability of various institutions (19); International Court of Justice case raised by Sandinista government against US (1); Sandinista revolution (5); President Dona Violeta job performance (2); favor/oppose various reforms Violeta wants to implement (6); Violeta’s dealing with Sandinistas (1); Sandinista acting to defend best interests of Nicaraguan people/weaken Chamorro government (1); favor/oppose various actions taken by the Sandinistas (8); favor/oppose demobilization of the Contras/National Resistance (RN) (1); ex-Contras/RN (2); Contras/RN should/should not receive land and supplies to help them begin civilian life (1); US aid to Violeta’s government (1); US sanctions on Sandinista government (1); US support for Contras/RN (1); US aid for last year's elections (1); US military aid for Salvadoran government (1); victory by leftist revolutionary forces/Salvadoran government better for Salvadoran people (1); US troops in Honduras (2); drug use and trafficking in Nicaragua (3); has/does not have close friends, relatives living in the US (1); appliances, utilities in house (6); have/have not been interviewed before (1).
Picomolar Dichotomous Activity of Gnidimacrin Against HIV-1
Creators: name: Zhu, Lei
name: Ho, Phong
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
name: Huang, Li
name: Chen, Chin-Ho
name: Yu, Jie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has offered a promising approach for controlling HIV-1 replication in infected individuals. However, with HARRT, HIV-1 is suppressed rather than eradicated due to persistence of HIV-1 in latent viral reservoirs. Thus, purging the virus from latent reservoirs is an important strategy toward eradicating HIV-1 infection. In this study, we discovered that the daphnane diterpene gnidimacrin, which was previously reported to have potent anti-cancer cell activity, activated HIV-1 replication and killed persistently-infected cells at picomolar concentrations. In addition to its potential to purge HIV-1 from latently infected cells, gnidimacrin potently inhibited a panel of HIV-1 R5 virus infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at an average concentration lower than 10 pM. In contrast, gnidimacrin only partially inhibited HIV-1 ×4 virus infection of PBMCs. The strong anti-HIV-1 R5 virus activity of gnidimacrin was correlated with its effect on down-regulation of the HIV-1 coreceptor CCR5. The anti-R5 virus activity of gnidimacrin was completely abrogated by a selective protein kinase C beta inhibitor enzastaurin, which suggests that protein kinase C beta plays a key role in the potent anti-HIV-1 activity of gnidimacrin in PBMCs. In summary, these results suggest that gnidimacrin could activate latent HIV-1, specifically kill HIV-1 persistently infected cells, and inhibit R5 viruses at picomolar concentrations.
USIA Poll # 2001-I200131: Domestic Issues/Institutions/Government/Security/International Issues/Relations with US
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Direction of country (7); economy (6); confidence in organizations and institutions (9); performance of government (8); development of nuclear weapons (2); assumption of roles (1); civilian democratic rule (2); foreign affairs (49); elections (2); severity and importance of issues (3).
Gallup/CNN/USA Today Poll: Family Issues
Creators: name: CNN
name: USA Today
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: President Bill Clinton job performance (1); Congressional job performance (1); Bill Clinton favorability (1); Hillary Rodham Clinton favorability (1); Bill Clinton's handling of various issues (10); Bill Clinton's character and qualities (10); stock market (1); Timothy McVeigh (1); respondent's children (7); influence of mother, father on children(2); raising children now vs. in the past (1); time spent with children (1); opportunities for today's children (3); would rather have boy/girl (1); self evaluation of raising children (1); children's respect for adults (2); spanking (2); allowance (2); eating meals together at home as family (1); saying grace (1); men's/women's lives more difficult (1); marriage (7); men helping with housework, chores (6); women working (2); retirement (8); television ratings (2); cloning (2).
Submillimeter Polarimetry with PolKa, a reflection-type modulator for the APEX telescope
Creators: name: Wiesemeyer, Helmut
name: Hezareh, Talayeh
name: Kreysa, Ernst
name: Weiss, Axel
name: Güsten, Rolf
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Siringo, Giorgio
name: Schuller, Frederic
name: Kovacs, Attila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imaging polarimetry is an important tool for the study of cosmic magnetic fields. In our Galaxy, polarization levels of a few up to $\sim$10\% are measured in the submillimeter dust emission from molecular clouds and in the synchrotron emission from supernova remnants. Only few techniques exist to image the distribution of polarization angles, as a means of tracing the plane-of-sky projection of the magnetic field orientation. At submillimeter wavelengths, polarization is either measured as the differential total power of polarization-sensitive bolometer elements, or by modulating the polarization of the signal. Bolometer arrays such as LABOCA at the APEX telescope are used to observe the continuum emission from fields as large as $\sim0\fdg2$ in diameter. %Here we present the results from the commissioning of PolKa, a polarimeter for Here we present PolKa, a polarimeter for LABOCA with a reflection-type waveplate of at least 90\% efficiency. The modulation efficiency depends mainly on the sampling and on the angular velocity of the waveplate. For the data analysis the concept of generalized synchronous demodulation is introduced. The instrumental polarization towards a point source is at the level of $\sim0.1$\%, increasing to a few percent at the $-10$db contour of the main beam. A method to correct for its effect in observations of extended sources is presented. Our map of the polarized synchrotron emission from the Crab nebula is in agreement with structures observed at radio and optical wavelengths. The linear polarization measured in OMC1 agrees with results from previous studies, while the high sensitivity of LABOCA enables us to also map the polarized emission of the Orion Bar, a prototypical photon-dominated region.
Plasmodium falciparum Gametocyte Carriage Is Associated with Subsequent Plasmodium vivax Relapse after Treatment
Creators: name: Socheat, Duong
name: Khemawoot, Phisit
name: Smith, Bryan L.
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Se, Youry
name: Shah, Naman K.
name: Saunders, David L.
name: Kuntawunggin, Worachet
name: Sriwichai, Sabaithip
name: Tyner, Stuart D.
name: Lon, Chanthap
name: Noedl, Harald
name: Fukuda, Mark M.
name: Bethell, Delia
name: Lin, Jessica T.
name: Schaecher, Kurt
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Mixed P. falciparum/P. vivax infections are common in southeast Asia. When patients with P. falciparum malaria are treated and followed for several weeks, a significant proportion will develop P. vivax malaria. In a combined analysis of 243 patients recruited to two malaria treatment trials in western Cambodia, 20/43 (47%) of those with P. falciparum gametocytes on admission developed P. vivax malaria by Day 28 of follow-up. The presence of Pf gametocytes on an initial blood smear was associated with a 3.5-fold greater rate of vivax parasitemia post-treatment (IRR = 3.5, 95% CI 2.0–6.0, p<0.001). The increased rate of post-treatment P. vivax infection persisted when correlates of exposure and immunity such as a history of malaria, male gender, and age were controlled for (IRR = 3.0, 95% CI 1.9–4.7, p<0.001). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed that only a low proportion of subjects (5/55 or 9.1%) who developed vivax during follow-up had detectable Pv parasites in the peripheral blood at baseline. Molecular detection of falciparum gametocytes by reverse transcriptase PCR in a subset of patients strengthened the observed association, while PCR detection of Pv parasitemia at follow-up was similar to microscopy results. These findings suggest that the majority of vivax infections arising after treatment of falciparum malaria originate from relapsing liver-stage parasites. In settings such as western Cambodia, the presence of both sexual and asexual forms of P. falciparum on blood smear at presentation with acute falciparum malaria serves as a marker for possible occult P. vivax coinfection and subsequent relapse. These patients may benefit from empiric treatment with an 8-aminoquinolone such as primaquine.
Lattice Fermionic Casimir effect in a Slab Bag and Universality
Creators: name: Mandlecha, Yash V.
name: Gavai, Rajiv V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the physically more appealing MIT Bag boundary conditions to study the Casimir effect on the lattice. Employing the formalism of arXiv:2005.10758 to calculate the Casimir energy for free lattice fermions, we show that the results for the naive, Wilson and overlap fermions match the continuum expressions precisely in the zero lattice spacing limit, as expected from universality. In contrast to arXiv:2005.10758 where the result for the naive fermions rapidly oscillates with the lattice size for both, the periodic (P) and anti-periodic (AP) boundary conditions, no oscillations are observed with the lattice size. Furthermore, the apparent violation of the universality for naive fermion in arXiv:2005.10758 is shown to be cured by applying suitable series extrapolation techniques, thus demonstrating that the Casimir energy for the naive fermions with periodic/antiperiodic boundary conditions agrees with the results for other free lattice fermions, and can as well be used to obtain the results for the Dirac fermion in the zero limit of the lattice spacing.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures; typos corrected
Plexin-B2 Negatively Regulates Macrophage Motility, Rac, and Cdc42 Activation
Creators: name: Davis, Beckley K.
name: Holl, Eda K.
name: Wen, Haitao
name: Guthrie, Elizabeth H.
name: O'Connor, Brian P.
name: Ting, Jenny P.-Y.
name: Jha, Sushmita
name: Garcia-Mata, Rafael
name: Roney, Kelly E.
name: Bear, James E.
name: Sharek, Lisa
name: Jones, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Plexins are cell surface receptors widely studied in the nervous system, where they mediate migration and morphogenesis though the Rho family of small GTPases. More recently, plexins have been implicated in immune processes including cell-cell interaction, immune activation, migration, and cytokine production. Plexin-B2 facilitates ligand induced cell guidance and migration in the nervous system, and induces cytoskeletal changes in overexpression assays through RhoGTPase. The function of Plexin-B2 in the immune system is unknown. This report shows that Plexin-B2 is highly expressed on cells of the innate immune system in the mouse, including macrophages, conventional dendritic cells, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. However, Plexin-B2 does not appear to regulate the production of proinflammatory cytokines, phagocytosis of a variety of targets, or directional migration towards chemoattractants or extracellular matrix in mouse macrophages. Instead, Plxnb2−/− macrophages have greater cellular motility than wild type in the unstimulated state that is accompanied by more active, GTP-bound Rac and Cdc42. Additionally, Plxnb2−/− macrophages demonstrate faster in vitro wound closure activity. Studies have shown that a closely related family member, Plexin-B1, binds to active Rac and sequesters it from downstream signaling. The interaction of Plexin-B2 with Rac has only been previously confirmed in yeast and bacterial overexpression assays. The data presented here show that Plexin-B2 functions in mouse macrophages as a negative regulator of the GTPases Rac and Cdc42 and as a negative regulator of basal cell motility and wound healing.
Socioeconomic Differences in Older Adolescents’ Mental Health, Stress, and Resilience During the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Reil, Kresh
name: Bono, Giacomo
name: Duffy, Taylor
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: College Students
subject: COVID
subject: Mental Health
subject: Resilience
subject: Socioeconomic Differences
subject: Stress

description: Data
Potential Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy and Screening on Cervical Cancer Mortality in HIV-Positive Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Simulation
Creators: name: Atashili, Julius
name: Myers, Evan
name: Adimora, Adaora A.
name: Eron, Joseph
name: Smith, Jennifer S.
name: Miller, William C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: BackgroundDespite having high cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates, screening for cervical precancerous lesions remains infrequent in sub-Saharan Africa. The need to screen HIV-positive women because of the higher prevalence and faster progression of cervical precancerous lesions may be heightened by the increased access to highly-active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Policymakers need quantitative data on the effect of HAART and screening to better allocate limited resources. Our aim was to quantify the potential effect of these interventions on cervical cancer mortality.Methods and FindingsWe constructed a Markov state-transition model of a cohort of HIV-positive women in Cameroon. Published data on the prevalence, progression and regression of lesions as well as mortality rates from HIV, cervical cancer and other causes were incorporated into the model. We examined the potential impact, on cumulative cervical cancer mortality, of four possible scenarios: no HAART and no screening (NHNS), HAART and no screening (HNS), HAART and screening once on HAART initiation (HSHI), and HAART and screening once at age 35 (HS35). Our model projected that, compared to NHNS, lifetime cumulative cervical cancer mortality approximately doubled with HNS. It will require 262 women being screened at HAART initiation to prevent one cervical cancer death amongst women on HAART. The magnitudes of these effects were most sensitive to the rate of progression of precancerous lesions.ConclusionsScreening, even when done once, has the potential of reducing cervical cancer mortality among HIV-positive women in Africa. The most feasible and cost-effective screening strategy needs to be determined in each setting.
Generation and quantum control of giant plasmon pulses by transient quantum coherence
Creators: name: Huo, Weiguang
name: Voronine, Dmitri V.
name: Scully, Marlan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amplified ultrashort laser pulses are useful in many fields of science and engineering. Pushing the frontiers of ultrashort pulse generation will lead to new applications in biomedical imaging, communications and sensing. We propose a new, quantum approach to ultrashort pulse generation using transient quantum coherence which predicts order of magnitude stronger pulses generated with lower input energy than in the steady-state regime, reducing the practical heating limitations. This femtosecond quantum-coherent analog of nanosecond Q-switching is not limited by the pulse duration constraints of the latter, and, in principle, may be used for a variety of lasers including x-ray and plasmon nanolasers. We apply this approach to generation of giant plasmon pulses and achieve quantum control of plasmon relaxation dynamics by varying the drive pulse delay, amplitude and duration. We provide insights into the control mechanisms, and discuss future implementations and applications of this new source of ultrashort nanooptical fields.
Bose-Einstein condensation of photons with nonlocal nonlinearity in a dye-doped graded-index microcavity
Creators: name: Strinati, Marcello Calvanese
name: Conti, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a microcavity made by a graded-index (GRIN) glass, doped by dye molecules, placed within two planar mirrors and study Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of photons. The presence of the mirrors leads to an effective photon mass, and the index grading provides an effective trapping frequency; the photon gas becomes formally equivalent to a two dimensional Bose gas trapped in an isotropic harmonic potential. The inclusion of nonlinear effects provides an effective interaction between photons. We discuss, in particular, thermal lensing effects and nonlocal nonlinearity, and quantitatively compare our results with the reported experimental data.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Single-Epoch Black Hole Mass Estimators For Broad-Line Active Galactic Nuclei: Recalibrating Hbeta with A New Approach
Creators: name: Feng, Hua
name: Shen, Yue
name: Li, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on an updated Hbeta reverberation mapping (RM) sample of 44 nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN), we propose a novel approach for black hole (BH) mass estimation using two filtered luminosities computed from single-epoch (SE) AGN spectra around the Hbeta region. We found that the two optimal-filter luminosities extract virial information (size and virial velocity of the broad line region, BLR) from the spectra, justifying their usage in this empirical BH mass estimator. The major advantages of this new recipe over traditional SE BH mass estimators utilizing continuum luminosity and broad line width are: 1) it has a smaller intrinsic scatter of 0.28 dex calibrated against RM masses; 2) it is extremely simple to use in practice, without any need to decompose the spectrum; 3) it produces unambiguous and highly repeatable results even with low signal-to-noise spectra. The combination of the two luminosities can also cancel out, to some extent, systematic luminosity errors potentially introduced by uncertainties in distance or flux calibration. In addition, we recalibrated the traditional SE mass estimators using broad Hbeta full width at half maximum (FWHM) and monochromatic continuum luminosity at 5100A (L_5100). We found that using the best-fit slopes on FWHM and L_5100 (derived from fitting the BLR radius-luminosity relation and the correlation between rms line dispersion and SE FWHM, respectively) rather than simple assumptions (e.g., 0.5 for L_5100 and 2 for FWHM) leads to more precise SE mass estimates, improving the intrinsic scatter from 0.41 dex to 0.36 dex with respect to the RM masses. We compared different estimators and discussed their applications to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) quasar sample. Due to the limitations of the current RM sample, application of any SE recipe calibrated against RM masses to distant quasars should be treated with caution.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures, ApJ to appear
Holographic influence functional and its application to decoherence induced by quantum critical theories
Creators: name: Yeh, Chen-Pin
name: Hsiang, Jen-Tsung
name: Lee, Da-Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a particle influenced by strongly-coupled quantum critical theories is studied by the holographic approach. A real-time prescription for the AdS/CFT correspondence in the context of nonequilibrium physics is proposed from mainly the field theoretic consideration, and the associated holographic influence functional is obtained. We then study the decoherence dynamics of a particle induced by the quantum critical theories with a dynamical exponent $z$. We find that as $z$ increases, the decoherence effect becomes less significant. The similar behavior is found as we heat up the environment. However, in this case the decoherence effect is enhanced not only by its strong coupling constant but also from the finite temperature effect. Finally a comparison is made with the result of a particle influenced by the free field.
Classical and Quantum Dynamics of Gyroscopic Systems and Dark Energy
Creators: name: Comelli, Denis
name: Di Giambattista, Maicol
name: Pilo, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gyroscopic systems in classical and quantum field theory are characterized by the presence of at least two scalar degrees of freedom and by terms that mix fields and their time derivatives in the quadratic Lagrangian. In Minkowski spacetime, they naturally appear in the presence of a coupling among fields with time-dependent vacuum expectation values and fields with space-dependent vacuum expectation values, breaking spontaneously Lorentz symmetry; this is the case for a supersolid. In a cosmological background a gyroscopic system can also arise from the time dependence of non-diagonal kinetic and mass matrices. We study the classical and quantum dynamics computing the correlation functions on the vacuum state that minimizes the energy. Two regions of stability in parameter space are found: in one region, dubbed normal, the Hamiltonian is positive defined, while in the second region, dubbed anomalous, it has no definite sign. Interestingly, in the anomalous region the 2-point correlation function exhibits a resonant behaviour in a certain region of parameter space. We show that dynamical dark energy models (with exact equation of state $w=-1$) can be realised as a gyroscopic system.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures. Final version published in JCAP
Magnetic Proximity Effect and Interlayer Exchange Coupling of Ferromagnetic/Topological Insulator/Ferromagnetic Trilayer
Creators: name: Li, Mingda
name: Cui, Wenping
name: Yu, Jin
name: Dai, Zuyang
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Katmis, Ferhat
name: Guo, Wanlin
name: Moodera, Jagadeesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic proximity effect between topological insulator (TI) and ferromagnetic insulator (FMI) is considered to have great potential in spintronics. However, a complete determination of interfacial magnetic structure has been highly challenging. We theoretically investigate the interlayer exchange coupling of two FMIs separated by a TI thin film, and show that the particular electronic states of the TI contributing to the proximity effect can be directly identified through the coupling behavior between two FMIs, together with a tunability of coupling constant. Such FMI/TI/FMI structure not only serves as a platform to clarify the magnetic structure of FMI/TI interface, but also provides insights into designing the magnetic storage devices with ultrafast response.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Gallup/CNN/USA Today Poll: US at War With Iraq
Creators: name: CNN
name: USA Today
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: George W. Bush job performance 91); Satisfied/dissatisfied with U.S (1); Other world leaders view of George W. Bush (1); Satisfied/dissatisfied with U.S. position in the world (1); Worried about becoming a victim of terrorism (1); Future terrorist attacks (1); Following the war news (2); Favor/Oppose the War (2); View of why you favor the war (1); Feelings toward the war (2); Length of war (1); Number of Americans killed or injured (1); Who is winning the war (1); Possible outcomes from war (1); Saddam Hussein avoiding the war (1); Weapons of mass destruction (1); View about the war (1); Main source of information about the war (1); Personal effects as a result of the war (1); View of anti-war protestors (2); Oscar awards ceremony (1); U.S. troops taken prisoner by Iraq (1).
Pregnancy and Virologic Response to Antiretroviral Therapy in South Africa
Creators: name: Cole, Stephen R.
name: Nagar, Shashi
name: Maskew, Mhairi
name: Sanne, Ian
name: Westreich, Daniel
name: van der Horst, Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Although women of reproductive age are the largest group of HIV-infected individuals in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the impact of pregnancy on response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in that setting. We examined the effect of incident pregnancy after HAART initiation on virologic response to HAART.
Accelerating Certifiable Estimation with Preconditioned Eigensolvers
Creators: name: Rosen, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convex (specifically semidefinite) relaxation provides a powerful approach to constructing robust machine perception systems, enabling the recovery of certifiably globally optimal solutions of challenging estimation problems in many practical settings. However, solving the large-scale semidefinite relaxations underpinning this approach remains a formidable computational challenge. A dominant cost in many state-of-the-art (Burer-Monteiro factorization-based) certifiable estimation methods is solution verification (testing the global optimality of a given candidate solution), which entails computing a minimum eigenpair of a certain symmetric certificate matrix. In this letter, we show how to significantly accelerate this verification step, and thereby the overall speed of certifiable estimation methods. First, we show that the certificate matrices arising in the Burer-Monteiro approach generically possess spectra that make the verification problem expensive to solve using standard iterative eigenvalue methods. We then show how to address this challenge using preconditioned eigensolvers; specifically, we design a specialized solution verification algorithm based upon the locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (LOBPCG) method together with a simple yet highly effective algebraic preconditioner. Experimental evaluation on a variety of simulated and real-world examples shows that our proposed verification scheme is very effective in practice, accelerating solution verification by up to 280x, and the overall Burer-Monteiro method by up to 16x, versus the standard Lanczos method when applied to relaxations derived from large-scale SLAM benchmarks.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Quality of clinical practice guidelines for severe odontogenic infection in adults: a scoping review
Creators: name: Chávez Rimache, Lesly
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This is a scoping review that will evaluate the quality of clinical practice guidelines on the management of cervicofacial odontogenic infections. Inclusion criteria: 1. Clinical practice guidelines on the treatment of maxillofacial and cervical infections of odontogenic origin (facial or cervicofacial cellulitis, cervicofacial abscess, osteomyelitis, Ludwig's angina, and cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis/cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis). 2. Clinical practice guidelines that have been published from January 2010 to January 2022. 3. Clinical practice guidelines that have been published in Spanish and English.
Salvage excavations at VAHR 7921-1151 'Lyndhurst Inland Port 6': Carrum Swamp: Analysis of the archaeological assemblage
Creators: name: Filihia, Meredith
name: Kucera, Paul
name: Minos, Racheal
name: Oataway, Kym
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Archaeology Program, La Trobe University
A method to improve the sensitivity of radio telescopes
Creators: name: Lieu, Richard
name: Kibble, Tom W. B.
name: Duan, Lingze
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an extension of the ideas of Hanbury-Brown and Twiss, a method is proposed to eliminate the phase noise of white chaotic light in the regime where it is dominant, and to measure the much smaller Poisson fluctuations from which the incoming flux can be reconstructed (via the equality between variance and mean). The best effect is achieved when the timing resolution is finer than the inverse bandwidth of the spectral filter. There may be applications to radio astronomy at the phase noise dominated frequencies of $1 - 10$GHz, in terms of potentially increasing the sensitivity of telescopes by an order of magnitude.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, 1 appendix. ApJ in press
Gallup/CNN/USA Today Poll: 2004 Presidential Election/Economy/Mars
Creators: name: CNN
name: USA Today
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: How much thought given to upcoming presidential election (1); how often vote (1); plan to vote in election this November (2); George W. Bush vs. Wesley Clark (2); George W. Bush vs. Howard Dean (2); George W. Bush vs. John Kerry (2); George W. Bush vs. John Edwards (2); George W. Bush job performance (5); opinion of people in news (8); Democratic presidential candidates (3); how would react if John Kerry won Democratic nomination (1); economy (2); most important issue facing the country (1); how much do a president's policies affect personal economic situation (1); how much do a president's policies affect national economic conditions (1); enthusiasm about voting in this year's presidential election (1); think John Kerry would/would not make a good president (1); George W. Bush too conservative/about right/too liberal (1); John Kerry too conservative/about right/too liberal (1); characteristics apply more to John Kerry/George W. Bush (8); would trust George W. Bush/John Kerry more in certain situations (5); Iraq (7); confidence in U.S. intelligence system (1); interest in highly publicized trials that are set to begin in next few months (10); U.S. exploration on Mars (2); Statue of Libery should remain closed for security reasons/should be opened to the public (1); new movie called Van Helsing (2).
Kleinschnittger, J. (2024). The influence of offender nationality on individual punitiveness: Empirical evidence from Germany. Paper presented at the 24rd Annual Conference of the European Society for Criminology at the University of Bucharest,14. September 2024, Bucharest, Romania.
Creators: name: Kleinschnittger, Janosch
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: sanctioning
criminal law
punitivity
prejudice
migration
asylum

description: The punishment of offenders is not only a matter for criminal courts. Rather, it is a highly political issue that is controversially discussed by the German society in media and politics. Virulent terms in the German debate on crime, especially in the context of increasing migration movements, such as "Ausländerkriminalität" (crime explicitly committed by foreigners) or "Clankriminalität” (gang crime by members of large families of Arab descent), show that for some social actors the origin of perpetrators is of particular importance in the question of how society should deal with crime and offenders.

Using data from a German population survey (N = 1,461), this paper presents results with respect to attitudes in the German population and addresses the link between the rejection of people who have immigrated to Germany and the individual need to punish harshly. Using an experimental vignette design, punitive attitudes are operationalized as the respondents' individual desire for punishment in response to a fictitious criminal case committed by a German, Syrian, Congolese or Ukrainian asylum seeker.
Research Options for Controlling Zoonotic Disease in India, 2010–2015
Creators: name: Abbas, Syed Shahid
name: Kakkar, Manish
name: Sekar, Nitin
name: Shah, Naman K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: BackgroundZoonotic infections pose a significant public health challenge for low- and middle-income countries and have traditionally been a neglected area of research. The Roadmap to Combat Zoonoses in India (RCZI) initiative conducted an exercise to systematically identify and prioritize research options needed to control zoonoses in India.Methods and FindingsPriority setting methods developed by the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative were adapted for the diversity of sectors, disciplines, diseases and populations relevant for zoonoses in India. A multidisciplinary group of experts identified priority zoonotic diseases and knowledge gaps and proposed research options to address key knowledge gaps within the next five years. Each option was scored using predefined criteria by another group of experts. The scores were weighted using relative ranks among the criteria based upon the feedback of a larger reference group. We categorized each research option by type of research, disease targeted, factorials, and level of collaboration required. We analysed the research options by tabulating them along these categories. Seventeen experts generated four universal research themes and 103 specific research options, the majority of which required a high to medium level of collaboration across sectors. Research options designated as pertaining to ‘social, political and economic’ factorials predominated and scored higher than options focussing on ecological, genetic and biological, or environmental factors. Research options related to ‘health policy and systems’ scored highest while those related to ‘research for development of new interventions’ scored the lowest.ConclusionsWe methodically identified research themes and specific research options incorporating perspectives of a diverse group of stakeholders. These outputs reflect the diverse nature of challenges posed by zoonoses and should be acceptable across diseases, disciplines, and sectors. The identified research options capture the need for ‘actionable research’ for advancing the prevention and control of zoonoses in India.
Scale-dependent Hausdorff dimensions in 2d gravity
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Budd, T.
name: Watabiki, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: By appropriate scaling of coupling constants a one-parameter family of ensembles of two-dimensional geometries is obtained, which interpolates between the ensembles of (generalized) causal dynamical triangulations and ordinary dynamical triangulations. We study the fractal properties of the associated continuum geometries and identify both global and local Hausdorff dimensions.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
supp_bioL from Early conversion of maternal androgens affects the embryo already in the first week of development
Creators: name: Wang, Yuqi
name: Riedstra, Bernd
name: Hulst, Ronja
name: Noordhuis, Roy
name: Groothuis, Ton
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: supplementary material to support for manuscript
Gallup/CNN/USA Today/Red Cross Poll # 2005-45: Hurricane Katrina Survivors
Creators: name: American Red Cross
name: CNN
name: USA Today
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Emotions about Hurricane Katrina (9); most difficult thing to deal with since Hurricane Katrina hit (3); certain things did/did not happen to respondent as a result of Hurricane Katrina (13); separation from family members as a result of Hurricane Katrina (4); evacuation from Hurricane Katrina (4); condition of home since Hurricane Katrina hit (1); how likely that community will be hit again in lifetime by another natural disaster as bad as Hurricane Katrina (1); living situation since Hurricane Katrina (2); employment situation (3); worries about future (2); plans for future (1); type of assistance most needed to recover from Hurricane Katrina (3); response of government agencies to Hurricane Katrina (9).
Cosmology in a reduced Born-Infeld--$f(T)$ theory of gravity
Creators: name: Jana, Soumya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A perfect fluid, spatially flat cosmology in a $f(T)$ model, derived from a recently proposed general Born-Infeld type theory of gravity is studied. Four dimensional cosmological solutions are obtained assuming the equation of state $p=ωρ$. For a positive value of $λ$ (a parameter in the theory) the solution is singular (of big-bang type) but may have accelerated expansion at an early stage. For $λ<0$ there exists a non-zero minimum scale factor and a finite maximum value of the energy density, but the curvature scalar diverges. Interestingly, for $λ<0$, the universe may undergo an eternal accelerated expansion with a de Sitter expansion phase at late times. We find these features without considering any extra matter field or even negative pressure. Fitting our model with Supernova data we find that the simplest dust model ($p=0$), with $λ>0$, is able to generate acceleration and fits well, although the resulting properties of the universe differ much from the known, present day, accepted values. The best fit model requires (with $λ> 0$) an additional component of the physical matter density, with a negative value of the equation of state parameter, along with dust. The $λ< 0$ solutions do not fit well with observations. Though these models do not explain the dark energy problem with consistency, their analysis does shed light on the plausibility of an alternative geometrical explanation.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, submitted to PRD