cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ramsey numbers for set-colorings
Creators: name: Le, Yen Hoang
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022

description: For s, t, n ∈ N with s ≥ t, an (s, t)-coloring of K$_n$ is an edge coloring of Kn in which each edge is assigned a set of t colors from {1, . . . , s}. For k ∈ N, a monochromatic K$_k$ is a set of k vertices S such that for some color i ∈ [s], i ∈ c(uv) for all distinct u, v ∈ S. As in the case of the classical Ramsey number, we are interested in the least positive integer n = R$_{s,t}$(k) such that for any (s, t)-coloring of K$_n$, there exists a monochromatic K$_k$. We estimate upper and lower bounds for general cases and calculate close bounds for some small cases of R$_{s,t}$(k).
An open source tool to infer epidemiological and immunological dynamics from serological data: Serosolver
Creators: name: Lessler, J
name: Minter, A
name: Ainslie, K.E.C
name: Yang, B
name: Riley, S
name: Kucharski, A.J
name: Hay, J.A
name: Cummings, D.A.T
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2020

description: We present a flexible, open source R package designed to obtain biological and epidemiological insights from serological datasets. Characterising past exposures for multi-strain pathogens poses a specific statistical challenge: observed antibody responses measured in serological assays depend on multiple unobserved prior infections that produce cross-reactive antibody responses. We provide a general modelling framework to jointly infer infection histories and describe immune responses generated by these infections using antibody titres against current and historical strains. We do this by linking latent infection dynamics with a mechanistic model of antibody kinetics that generates expected antibody titres over time. Our aim is to provide a flexible package to identify infection histories that can be applied to a range of pathogens. We present two case studies to illustrate how our model can infer key immunological parameters, such as antibody titre boosting, waning and crossreaction, as well as latent epidemiological processes such as attack rates and age-stratified infection risk.
Tunable single-mode photonic lasing from zirconia inverse opal photonic crystals
Creators: name: Nishijima, Y.
name: Ueno, K.
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Mizeikis, V.
name: Misawa, Hiroaki
name: Maeda, Mitsuru
name: Minaki, Masashi
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Lasing from zirconia inverse opal photonic crystal structures infiltrated by solutions of rhodamine dyes was found to exhibit single-mode lasing peaks with spectral width less than 1 nm and quality factor in excess of 4000. The lasing occurs within the approximate range of high-reflectance spectral region associated with photonic stop band along (111) crystallographic direction, but its wavelength is not fixed to the corresponding Bragg wavelength of the periodic structure, and depends on the spectral position of the gain band. This lasing regime can be useful for realizing tunable single-mode photonic crystal lasers.
Proclitus praetor
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Proclitus
Proclitus praetor

description: Proclitus praetor (HALIDAY, 1838)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 2: 1♁ 20.v.-1.vi., 1♀ 1-15.vi., 2♀♀ 27.vii.-10.viii., 1♀ 7- 21.ix.; trap 8: 1♀ 15-29.vi.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 119, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
The Role of Advection in Storm Surge for Hurricane Michael (2018)
Creators: name: Bilskie, M. V.
name: Luettich, R. A.
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Year: 2024

description: Hurricane Michael (2018) made landfall near Mexico Beach, FL, as a Category 5 hurricane, with gauge‐measured water levels over 4 m. Wind and pressure fields were created by blending a parametric near‐field model with a gridded far‐field model. Winds and modeled water levels were well validated across Michael's large impact a‐ea. A detailed analysis of the coastal surge caused by Michael demonstrates that advection contributed significantly to Michael's highest water levels and the timing of the water level across a large portion of the Michael impact area. A momentum balance in a streamwise‐normal coordinate system demonstrates that the advection contributions due to spatial gradients in the flow are identified with streamwise convergence/expansion of the flow field (Bernoulli acceleration) and curvature in the flow field (centrifugal acceleration). These effects are created by the regional geometry and the storm's wind field and are most likely to affect back barrier water levels and along curved coastlines. These findings provide an improved understanding of the role of advection in determining storm surge and, thus, the importance of including it in storm surge models.
It takes two to tango: including men in family planning. A comparison of UK and French policies with reference to sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Hart, Kate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Gender studies
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Health Care
subject: Anthropology

description: This research examines differing historic approaches to family planning in the UK and France and how these have impacted former colonial policies in sub-Saharan Africa. The research critically analyses the obstacles - and potential benefits - to including men in sexual health and reproductive rights (SHRH) in both donor and partner country policies.
Three-dimensional modeling of the heat-affected zone in laser machining applications
Creators: name: Beresna, Martynas
name: Gertus, Titas
name: Tomašiunas, Rolandas
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Misawa, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Thermal load as well as its three-dimensional (3D) spatial distribution has been estimated inside representative materials: glass (low thermal diffusion), silicon (semimetal properties), and sapphire (a crystalline dielectric of a high thermal conductivity) for typical laser processing and direct laser writing applications. The 3D temperature distribution allows to calculate thermal stress around the focal region. This provides an assessment tool for optimization of laser microprocessing conditions for controlled laser dicing and cutting applications.
Update on pathology laboratory development and research in advancing regional cancer care in Malawi
Creators: name: Chimzimu, Fred
name: Khan, Shiraz
name: Gastier-Foster, Julie M.
name: Krysiak, Robert
name: Kampani, Coxcilly
name: Brownlee, Amy J.
name: Westmoreland, Kate D.
name: Painschab, Matthew S.
name: Chagomerana, Maganizo B.
name: Ozuah, Nmazuo W.
name: Malamba-Banda, Chikondi
name: Dewey, Morgan
name: Gopal, Satish
name: Tomoka, Tamiwe
name: Fedoriw, Yuri
name: Mulenga, Maurice
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2024

description: The pathology laboratory at Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Lilongwe, Malawi was established in 2011. We published our initial experiences in laboratory development and telepathology in 2013 and 2016, respectively. The purpose of this paper is to provide an update on our work by highlighting the positive role laboratory development has played in improving regional cancer care and research. In addition, we provide a summary of the adult pathology data from specimens received between July 1, 2011, and May 31, 2019, with an emphasis on malignant diagnoses. We compare these summaries to estimates of cancer incidence in this region to identify gaps and future needs.
Scheltens ratings, clinical white matter hyperintensities and executive functioning in the Cache County Memory Study
Creators: name: Farrer, Thomas J.
name: Bigler, Erin D.
name: Tsui-Caldwell, Yoko H. W.
name: Abildskov, Tracy J.
name: Tschanz, JoAnn T.
name: Welsh-Bohmer, Kathleen A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Examine the association between neuropsychologically assessed executive function and clinically identifiable white matter burden from magnetic resonance imaging, using a visual rating system (Scheltens Rating System) applied to the Cache County Memory Study (CCMS) archival database. We used the Scheltens Ratings Scale to quantify white matter lesion burden in the CCMS sample and used this metric as a predictor of executive function. The sample included 60 individuals with dementia and 13 healthy controls. Higher Scheltens ratings were associated with poorer task performance on an Executive Function composite score of common neuropsychological tests. This association held true for both controls and dementing cases. The current findings support extensive prior literature demonstrating the association between brain vascular health determined by white matter burden and clinical outcomes based on neuropsychological assessment of cognitive performance.
CARs are sharpening their weapons
Creators: name: Biondi, Marta
name: Dotti, Gianpietro
name: Serafini, Marta
name: Tettamanti, Sarah
name: Biondi, Andrea
name: Pievani, Alice
Publisher: name: BMJ
Year: 2024

description: The tumor microenvironment hinders CAR T-cell
access,
activation, and persistence at the tumor site, thereby
impacting on the therapeutic efficacy. To tackle these
obstacles, ongoing efforts are focusing on further
engineering CAR T-cells
to enhance their homing, fitness,
long-term
persistence, and antitumor activity. Advances
in genetic modification have prompted the development
of armored CAR T-cells
equipped with a combination of
synergistic elements strengthening their function. These
include cytokine release, chemokine receptor expression,
immune checkpoint inhibition, gene-editing
of inhibitory
molecules, or metabolic reprogramming, among others.
Multiarmored CAR T-cells
may allow addressing the
unmet clinical needs of patients with solid tumors or
hard-to-
treat
hematological malignancies who do not
benefit from conventional CAR T-cell
therapy. Accordingly,
several clinical trials are currently assessing the safety and
efficacy of these novel CAR constructs.
Stenomacrus curvulus
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Stenomacrus
Stenomacrus curvulus

description: Stenomacrus curvulus (THOMSON, 1897)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 15: 1♀ 11-25.viii., 2♀♀ 25.viii.-8.ix.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 119, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: kinetics, correlates of protection, and association with severity
Creators: name: Burke, D.S
name: Hitchings, M.D.T
name: Trimmer-Smith, L
name: Garcia-Carreras, B
name: Yang, B
name: Etienne, V
name: Borgert, B.A
name: Salje, H
name: Solomon, B.D
name: Rattigan, S.M
name: Lessler, J
name: Wesolowski, A
name: Moreno, C.A
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Huang, A.T
name: Katzelnick, L.C
name: Rodriguez-Barraquer, I
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2020

description: Many public health responses and modeled scenarios for COVID-19 outbreaks caused by SARS-CoV-2 assume that infection results in an immune response that protects individuals from future infections or illness for some amount of time. The presence or absence of protective immunity due to infection or vaccination (when available) will affect future transmission and illness severity. Here, we review the scientific literature on antibody immunity to coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 as well as the related SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs). We reviewed 2,452 abstracts and identified 491 manuscripts relevant to 5 areas of focus: 1) antibody kinetics, 2) correlates of protection, 3) immunopathogenesis, 4) antigenic diversity and cross-reactivity, and 5) population seroprevalence. While further studies of SARS-CoV-2 are necessary to determine immune responses, evidence from other coronaviruses can provide clues and guide future research.
Chirp effect in hard X-ray generation from liquid target when irradiated by femtosecond pulses
Creators: name: Hatanaka, Koji
name: Ida, Takahito
name: Ono, Hiroshi
name: Matsushima, Shin Ichi
name: Fukumura, Hiroshi
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Misawa, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The chirp effect on a X-ray emission intensity from a CsCl aqueous solution jet irradiated by femtosecond pulses was systematically studied. The p-polarized chirped pulses were more efficient as compared with the shortest pulses determined by the spectral bandwidth. The negatively-chirped pulses of approximately 240 fs duration produced up to 1.0 times larger X-ray intensity as compared with the transform-limited 1.60 fs pulses. The angular dependence of X-ray generation can be explained by the resonant absorption. Numerical simulations of electron density evolution due to the avalanche and multi-photon absorption supports qualitatively well the experimental observations.
Surgical technique: Posterior retropleural thoracotomy for resection of a T10 dumbbell schwannoma
Creators: name: Ojukwu, Disep I.
name: Wilkinson, Brandon M.
name: Dawson, Timothy
name: Galgano, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Scientific Scholar
Year: 2024

description: Background: Myelopathy and nerve root dysfunction resulting from the imperceptible growth of intraspinal schwannomas have been well documented.[1] Thoracic spine schwannomas, in particular, have exceptional growth potential due to the presence of the posterior mediastinum and retropleural spaces accommodating insidious and often subclinical tumor expansion.[5] Extraspinal extension of these lesions, however, poses a distinct challenge for surgeons.[3,4].
Case Description: Here, we provide a two-dimensional intraoperative video demonstrating the technical nuances concerning maximally safe resection of a partially cystic thoracic dumbbell schwannoma having extraspinal extension with associated bony remodeling of the T10 vertebral body and neural foramen in a middle-aged male. A posterolateral approach with T8-T12 fusion, retropleural thoracotomy, facetectomies, and pediculectomies allowed for gross total resection. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed, and the parietal pleura was kept intact throughout the surgery. In addition, the patient continued to have improved symptoms and was ambulatory at 6-month follow-up.
Conclusion: Gross total resection of a partially cystic thoracic dumbbell schwannoma was achieved without complications. Our use of a preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction for surgical planning,[2] intraoperative ultrasound,[6] and a durable instrumentation construct were essential for a successful outcome. Moreover, great care was taken to avoid violating the tumor-parietal pleura plane, which would have resulted in postoperative respiratory complications.
Multivariate analysis of Vitis subgenus Vitis seed morphology
Creators: name: Rivera, D.
name: Miralles, B.
name: Obón, C.
name: Carreño, E.
name: Palazón, J. A.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2015

description: We studied 142 grapevine seed samples belonging to 5 Vitis species, 92 cultivars of Vitis vinifera, 12 feral/wild populations and 4 hybrid rootstock cultivars. Eleven different characters from the seed and one allometric index have been used. Seeds show a wide range of variation in body dimensions, and in other parameters. Two largely differentiated clusters were obtained. Coincidences with previous seed classifications are discussed. Wild extra-European species have smaller seeds. The index breadth/length (STUMMER’s index) doesn’t allow to separate wild grapevines and cultivars. It defines, however, the “wild syndrome” values above 0.8 corresponding to wild extra-European Vitis species, occasionally used as rootstocks. Ferals/wild individuals tend to display smaller berries and plumper pips than their cultivated relatives therefore “looking wild”. The multivariate analysis place together ferals/wild and related cultivars in their respective clusters and does not discriminate a cluster of wild European grapevine.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 46 No. 4 (2007): Vitis
Scheltens ratings, clinical white matter hyperintensities and executive: Functioning in the Cache County Memory Study
Creators: name: Farrer, Thomas J.
name: Bigler, Erin D.
name: Tsui-Caldwell, Yoko H. W.
name: Abildskov, Tracy J.
name: Tschanz, JoAnn T.
name: Welsh-Bohmer, Kathleen A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Examine the association between neuropsychologically assessed executive function and clinically identifiable white matter burden from magnetic resonance imaging, using a visual rating system (Scheltens Rating System) applied to the Cache County Memory Study (CCMS) archival database. We used the Scheltens Ratings Scale to quantify white matter lesion burden in the CCMS sample and used this metric as a predictor of executive function. The sample included 60 individuals with dementia and 13 healthy controls. Higher Scheltens ratings were associated with poorer task performance on an Executive Function composite score of common neuropsychological tests. This association held true for both controls and dementing cases. The current findings support extensive prior literature demonstrating the association between brain vascular health determined by white matter burden and clinical outcomes based on neuropsychological assessment of cognitive performance.
Stenomacrus merula
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Stenomacrus
Stenomacrus merula

description: Stenomacrus merula (GRAVENHORST, 1829)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 2: 1♀ 20.iv.-5.v., 1♀ 5-20.v.; trap 4: 1♀ 20.iv.-5.v.; trap 8: 1♀ 15-29.vi.; trap 12: 2♀♀ 20.iv.-5.v.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 119, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Indonesian Military Height Data
Publisher: name: Utrecht University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social Sciences - Social and economic geography (5.7)
subject: Humanities - History and archaeology (6.1)
subject: Indonesia
subject: heights
subject: income inequality
subject: regional development
subject: economic development
subject: Independence
subject: education
subject: occupation
subject: ethnicity

description: This height data set, constructed from Indonesian military data, Indonesia Family Life Surveys (IFLS) and a sample of Europeans born in Indonesia who joined the Royal Dutch Indies Army (KNIL), was constructed to generate a trend of heights in Java and the Outer Provinces throughout the twentieth century. The data set contains information about education, ethnicity, occupation, height, place of birth, place of last residence, migration and religion.

The study of heights provides a promising approach to a better understanding of the biological welfare of countries and regions for which conventional economic data are relatively sparse. More concretely, the research based on this data set employs a set of socioeconomic variables to explain economic status, using height as a proxy, in an attempt to gauge the effect of changing political and social structure on economic mobility in Indonesian society before and after Independence. Since a person’s height is determined by health during the ﬁrst years after birth, it is fundamentally an indicator of parents’ welfare; as such, it is more a cause than a consequence of socioeconomic position. Yet, height can also serve as a proxy for the welfare of sons, permitting ﬁndings to be interpreted as socioeconomic factors affecting well-being. The upshot is that religion, birthplace, ethnicity, education, and occupation all affect height development, and thus human well-being.

Articles in which the theoretical background of this study, a detailed discussion of the data and research results can be found are the following:
- Bas van Leeuwen and Peter Foldvari, 'Economic Mobility in a Colonial and Postcolonial Economy: Indonesia', Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Vol. 47 (2) 2016, pp. 171-191.
- Péter Földvári, József Gáll, Daan Marks, and Bas van Leeuwen, 'Indonesia’s regional welfare development, 1900-1990: new anthropometric evidence ,' Economics & Human Biology , Vol. 11 (1) 2013, pp. 78-89.

The Excel-file in this data package contains both the codebook (first worksheet) and the data (second worksheet) of the data set.
Estimation of grape quality in vineyards using a new viticultural index
Creators: name: Martinez De Toda, F.
name: Tardaguila, T.
name: Sancha, J. C.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2015

description: Crop yield, total leaf area, canopy surface area and other vineyard parameters were determined on different 'Tempranillo' and 'Grenache' (Vitis vinifera L.) vineyards situated in Rioja appellation (Spain). All parameters were determined during three years. Grape vineyard assessment was performed by Vitur scoresheet, proposed by TARDAGUILA and MARTINEZ DE TODA (2005). The main chemical composition parameters of grape pulp and skin were also determined. The correlations between the viticultural variables and the chemical composition variables of the grapes were also analysed. The parameter that displayed the best correlation with grape phenolic composition was the CSA/Y/ShL parameter, referred to as the Toda Index. This index could be used to estimate the phenolic composition of grapes. It also presented the best correlations with grape quality, estimated using the Vitur score-sheet. These results suggest that, for winegrape vineyard assessment, Vitur score-sheet (necessarily subjective) may be replaced with the new Toda index (faster and objective). The main advantage of this new parameter is that it is easy to determine and is completely objective, unlike visual estimation which offers a high degree of subjectivity.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 46 No. 4 (2007): Vitis
Limited genetic diversity among clones of red wine cultivar 'Carmenère' as revealed by microsatellite and AFLP markers
Creators: name: Moncada, X.
name: Hinrichsen, P.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2015

description: 'Carmenère' is a fine red wine cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) that has spread, unrecorded from France to other countries. It probably arrived in Chile before the Phylloxera crisis in Europe where it remained confused with Merlot and other red wine cultivars until the mid 1990s. In this study, genetic diversity among 26 accessions from Chile, France and Italy was analysed using microsatellite (SSR) and AFLP markers. Using 20 SSR markers, a “standard genotype” was established and three different haplotypes were found, presumably arising by a mutation at the VVMD7 and VMC5g7 loci. In the case of AFLP, using 11 primer combinations five groups were identified, with one main cluster of 22 accessions not differentiated. Combining both techniques it was possible to identify five out of the 26 accessions analysed. Together, these results suggest that 'Carmenère' exhibits a lower genetic diversity in comparison with other French red wine cultivars. This is a factor to consider when managing a clonal selection assay. Possible causes are discussed.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 46 No. 4 (2007): Vitis
Simple sequence repeat-based assessment of genetic diversity in 'Dimrit' and 'Gemre' grapevine accessions from Turkey
Creators: name: Şelli, F.
name: Bakir, M.
name: Inan, G.
name: Aygün, H.
name: Boz, Y.
name: Yaşasin, S.
name: Özer, C.
name: Akman, B.
name: Söylemezoğlu, G.
name: Kazan, K.
name: Ergül, A.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2015

description: It is widely believed that Turkey has played an important role in the evolution of modern day grapes due to its unique geographical location with close proximity to the regions of grape diversity. Despite this, the rich grape germplasm found in Turkey has not been sufficiently analyzed genetically. In this study, 31 grapevine accessions from 'Dimrit' (or 'Dilmit') and 'Gemre' grape groups were genetically analyzed at eight SSR (microsatellite) loci (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD24, VVMD27, VVMD28, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79) and for a number of ampeolographic characteristics. These analyses identified sufficient genetic diversity between these two grape groups that, in general, clustered separately in the dendrogram constructed based on the SSR data. However, the ecogeographical distribution and genetic relationship of the genotypes did not show any significant correlation. Two 'Gemre' accessions were determined as genetically identical. In addition, one case of synonym and several cases of homonym genotypes were identified. The results reported here are important first steps towards better characterization of these grape genotypes and would aid future germplasm management and breeding efforts.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 46 No. 4 (2007): Vitis
Disperis bodkinii Bolus
Creators: name: Kurzweil, Hubert
name: Manning, John C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Disperis
Disperis bodkinii

description: 58.Disperis bodkinii Bolus Icon. Orchid. Austro-Afric. 1: t. 96 (1896); Schlechter, Bull. Herb. Boissier, ser. 1, 6: 937 (1898); Rolfe, Fl. Cap. 5, 3: 307 (1913), as bodkini; J. C. Manning in H. P. Linder F Kurzweil, Orch. S. Afr.: 312 (1999). — Type: South Africa, Claremont Flats, Bodkin 7970 (lecto-, NH, designated by Linder F Kurzweil 1999; isolecto-, BOL, GRA, K). Plants pubescent, to 150 mm. Leaves 2, alternate, ovate to suborbicular, usually 8-25 × 5- 17 mm. Flowers 1-2(-3), small, green and white, sometimes with pinkish or brownish tinge; median sepal 2-3 × 1.7 mm, with erect hood 2-3 mm long, lateral sepals ovate, 2-3 × 1.5 mm; petals obovate, with basal auricle, 2.5 × 1.5 mm; lip free from gynostemium, claw linear, blade triangular, appendage entire, curved, apically bifid, glabrous except at apex. DISTRIBUTION AND PHENOLOGY. — South Africa (Western Cape); in fynbos, also in pine plantations, from 25 to 760 m. Flowering from (June) July to October, often after fire. Plants of this species are tiny and therefore frequently overlooked, thus creating the impression that they are exceedingly rare.
description: Published as part of Kurzweil, Hubert & Manning, John C., 2005, A synopsis of the genus Disperis Sw. (Orchidaceae), pp. 155-207 in Adansonia (3) (3) 27 (2) on pages 195-196, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5186519
DIZAYN VA SAN'AT
Creators: name: Nasirova, Sabo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada biz dizayn tasviriy san’at turi ekanligini va buning uchun juda ko’p dalillar borligini aytib o’tdik. Shuningdek, u dizayn va san’at uyg’unligini ham aks ettiradi
Response of fiber Bragg grating transmission dips at twice the Bragg wavelength to transverse strain
Creators: name: Bal, Harpreet K.
name: Sidiroglou, Fotios
name: Yam, Sui P.
name: Brodzeli, Zourab
name: Wade, Scott
name: Baxter, Greg W.
name: Collins, Stephen F.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Abstract not reproduced here by request of the publisher. The text is available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.837539
Marker assisted selection (MAS) for powdery mildew resistance in a grapevine hybrid family
Creators: name: Molnár, S.
name: Galbács, Z.
name: Halász, G.
name: Hoffmann, S.
name: Kiss, E.
name: Kozma, P.
name: Veres, A.
name: Galli, Z.
name: Szöke, A.
name: Heszky, L.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2015

description: Research Note
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 46 No. 4 (2007): Vitis
Migration, hotspots, and dispersal of HIV infection in Rakai, Uganda
Creators: name: Wawer, M.J
name: Nabukalu, D
name: Grabowski, M.K
name: Kigozi, G
name: Nalugoda, F
name: Nantume, B
name: Nankinga, J
name: Serwadda, D
name: Ssekasanvu, J
name: Lessler, J
name: Santelli, J.S
name: Reynolds, S.J
name: Chang, L.W
name: Kennedy, C
name: Kagaayi, J
name: Gray, R.H
name: Bazaale, J
name: Ssekubugu, R
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2020

description: HIV prevalence varies markedly throughout Africa, and it is often presumed areas of higher HIV prevalence (i.e., hotspots) serve as sources of infection to neighboring areas of lower prevalence. However, the small-scale geography of migration networks and movement of HIV-positive individuals between communities is poorly understood. Here, we use population-based data from ~22,000 persons of known HIV status to characterize migratory patterns and their relationship to HIV among 38 communities in Rakai, Uganda with HIV prevalence ranging from 9 to 43%. We find that migrants moving into hotspots had significantly higher HIV prevalence than migrants moving elsewhere, but out-migration from hotspots was geographically dispersed, contributing minimally to HIV burden in destination locations. Our results challenge the assumption that high prevalence hotspots are drivers of transmission in regional epidemics, instead suggesting that migrants with high HIV prevalence, particularly women, selectively migrate to these areas.
Cholera prevention and control in refugee settings: Successes and continued challenges
Creators: name: Hast, M
name: Shannon, K
name: Azman, A.S
name: Legros, D
name: Lessler, J
name: McKay, H
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2019

description: Cholera has long been viewed as a serious threat for refugee populations. In the 1980s and 90s, refugee camps proliferated in Africa and Asia as a result of large civil wars and environmental disasters. These camps experienced large-scale cholera outbreaks with regularity because of overcrowding, scarce clean water, and poor sanitation and hygiene practices. Death rates were often high because of preexisting malnutrition, comorbidities, and limited access to medical care. With appropriate clinical management, cholera mortality can be well below 1%, but it can be as high as 50%–60% without proper care. During this time, humanitarian organizations developed a variety of guidelines and standards to reduce morbidity and mortality during cholera outbreaks in these populations. Mobilization around these issues was greatly accelerated in 1994, when a particularly massive outbreak occurred among Rwandan refugees in the Lake Kivu region of Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo), and approximately 42,000 people died. In response to this unprecedented tragedy, the humanitarian community developed and adopted the Sphere standards for the minimumacceptable living conditions and availability of health services in refugee camps and other humanitarian responses.
The projected impact of geographic targeting of oral cholera vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa: A modeling study
Creators: name: Lee, E.C
name: Kaminsky, J
name: McKay, H.S
name: Lessler, J
name: Moore, S.M
name: Azman, A.S
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2019

description: Background Cholera causes an estimated 100,000 deaths annually worldwide, with the majority of burden reported in sub-Saharan Africa. In May 2018, the World Health Assembly committed to reducing worldwide cholera deaths by 90% by 2030. Oral cholera vaccine (OCV) plays a key role in reducing the near-term risk of cholera, although global supplies are limited. Characterizing the potential impact and cost-effectiveness of mass OCV deployment strategies is critical for setting expectations and developing cholera control plans that maximize the chances of success. Methods and findings We compared the projected impacts of vaccination campaigns across sub-Saharan Africa from 2018 through 2030 when targeting geographically according to historical cholera burden and risk factors. We assessed the number of averted cases, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years and the cost-effectiveness of these campaigns with models that accounted for direct and indirect vaccine effects and population projections over time. Under current vaccine supply projections, an approach optimized to targeting by historical burden is projected to avert 828,971 (95% CI 803,370-859,980) cases (equivalent to 34.0% of projected cases; 95% CI 33.2%-34.8%). An approach that balances logistical feasibility with targeting historical burden is projected to avert 617,424 (95% CI 599,150-643,891) cases. In contrast, approaches optimized for targeting locations with limited access to water and sanitation are projected to avert 273,939 (95% CI 270,319-277,002) and 109,817 (95% CI 103,735-114,110) cases, respectively. We find that the most logistically feasible targeting strategy costs US$1,843 (95% CI 1,328-14,312) per DALY averted during this period and that effective geographic targeting of OCV campaigns can have a greater impact on cost-effectiveness than improvements to vaccine efficacy and moderate increases in coverage. Although our modeling approach does not project annual changes in baseline cholera risk or directly incorporate immunity from natural cholera infection, our estimates of the relative performance of different vaccination strategies should be robust to these factors. Conclusions Our study suggests that geographic targeting substantially improves the cost-effectiveness and impact of oral cholera vaccination campaigns. Districts with the poorest access to improved water and sanitation are not the same as districts with the greatest historical cholera incidence. While OCV campaigns can improve cholera control in the near term, without rapid progress in developing water and sanitation services or dramatic increases in OCV supply, our results suggest that vaccine use alone is unlikely to allow us to achieve the 2030 goal.
Including men in family planning: a comparison of UK and French policies in sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Hart, Kate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Gender studies
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Health Care
subject: Anthropology

description: This research examines differing historic approaches to family planning in the UK and France and how these have impacted former colonial policies in sub-Saharan Africa. The research critically analyses the obstacles - and potential benefits - to including men in sexual health and reproductive rights (SHRH) in both donor and partner country policies.
Differential mobility and local variation in infection attack rate
Creators: name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Lessler, J
name: Salje, H
name: Haw, D.J
name: Read, J.M
name: Riley, S
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2019

description: Infectious disease transmission in animals is an inherently spatial process in which a host's home location and their social mixing patterns are important, with the mixing of infectious individuals often different to that of susceptible individuals. Although incidence data for humans have traditionally been aggregated into low-resolution data sets, modern representative surveillance systems such as electronic hospital records generate high volume case data with precise home locations. Here, we use a gridded spatial transmission model of arbitrary resolution to investigate the theoretical relationship between population density, differential population movement and local variability in incidence. We show analytically that a uniform local attack rate is only possible for individual pixels in the grid if susceptible and infectious individuals move in the same way. Using a population in Guangdong, China, for which a robust quantitative description of movement is available (a movement kernel), and a natural history consistent with pandemic influenza; we show that local cumulative incidence is positively correlated with population density when susceptible individuals are more connected in space than infectious individuals. Conversely, under the less intuitively likely scenario, when infectious individuals are more connected, local cumulative incidence is negatively correlated with population density. The strength and direction of correlation changes sign for other kernel parameter values. We show that simulation models in which it is assumed implicitly that only infectious individuals move are assuming a slightly unusual specific correlation between population density and attack rate. However, we also show that this potential structural bias can be corrected by using the appropriate non-isotropic kernel that maps infectious-only code onto the isotropic dual-mobility kernel. These results describe a precise relationship between the spatio-social mixing of infectious and susceptible individuals and local variability in attack rates. More generally, these results suggest a genuine risk that mechanistic models of high-resolution attack rate data may reach spurious conclusions if the precise implications of spatial force-of-infection assumptions are not first fully characterized, prior to models being fit to data.
Orb2 enables rare-codon-enriched mRNA expression during Drosophila neuron differentiation
Creators: name: Sawyer, Jessica K.
name: Laederach, Alain
name: Volkan, Pelin C.
name: Stewart, Rebeccah K.
name: Fox, Donald T.
name: Nguyen, Patrick
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Regulation of codon optimality is an increasingly appreciated layer of cell- and tissue-specific protein expression control. Here, we use codon-modified reporters to show that differentiation of Drosophila neural stem cells into neurons enables protein expression from rare-codon-enriched genes. From a candidate screen, we identify the cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding (CPEB) protein Orb2 as a positive regulator of rare-codon-dependent mRNA stability in neurons. Using RNA sequencing, we reveal that Orb2-upregulated mRNAs in the brain with abundant Orb2 binding sites have a rare-codon bias. From these Orb2-regulated mRNAs, we demonstrate that rare-codon enrichment is important for mRNA stability and social behavior function of the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR). Our findings reveal a molecular mechanism by which neural stem cell differentiation shifts genetic code regulation to enable critical mRNA stability and protein expression.
Impacts of Zika emergence in Latin America on endemic dengue transmission
Creators: name: Huang, A.T
name: Mier-y-Teran-Romero, L
name: Lessler, J
name: Martinez, S.D
name: Borchering, R.K
name: King, G.D
name: Cinkovich, S.C
name: Rojas, D.P
name: Rodriguez-Barraquer, I
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Katzelnick, L.C
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2019

description: In 2015 and 2016, Zika virus (ZIKV) swept through dengue virus (DENV) endemic areas of Latin America. These viruses are of the same family, share a vector and may interact competitively or synergistically through human immune responses. We examine dengue incidence from Brazil and Colombia before, during, and after the Zika epidemic. We find evidence that dengue incidence was atypically low in 2017 in both countries. We investigate whether subnational Zika incidence is associated with changes in dengue incidence and find mixed results. Using simulations with multiple assumptions of interactions between DENV and ZIKV, we find cross-protection suppresses incidence of dengue following Zika outbreaks and low periods of dengue incidence are followed by resurgence. Our simulations suggest correlations in DENV and ZIKV reproduction numbers could complicate associations between ZIKV incidence and post-ZIKV DENV incidence and that periods of low dengue incidence are followed by large increases in dengue incidence.
Developing Preceptors to Teach in an Interprofessional Practice
Creators: name: Rodgers, Philip T.
Publisher: name: North Carolina Institute of Medicine
Year: 2024

description: So often, practicing health care providers gravitate to precepting—mentoring health profession learners through personal instruction and training—in silos. Though there may be colleagues from other professions around us in the patient care space, we can frequently take the path of least resistance in clinical teaching: to just focus on our own learners. There is no fault in that—that is who we as clini­cal preceptors are most beholden to in teaching. We are most familiar with the needs of our own profession’s learn­ers, knowing their trajectory through an educational model that we’ve been through ourselves. But when we teach in a silo, we create silo mentalities in those learners. To truly instill a collaborative team mindset, teaching should have a spirit of interprofessional education—to learn from, with, and about other professions’ learners. The preceptor must create and foster that collaborative learning environment, intentionally bringing together learners from other profes­sions. Because including other professions can be a foreign concept or create discomfort for the preceptor, educa­tional coordinators need to educate preceptors in effective interprofessional precepting activities and models.
Data integration over the Internet for e-commerce
Creators: name: Yong, Jianming
name: Yang, Yun
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Because the Internet has become the infrastructure of e commerce, more and more data sources are distributed over the Internet. How to effectively integrate the data has become a hot research topic. This paper discusses fundamental methods: global as view and local as view. Then we build hierarchical global schema repositories to effectively integrate all heterogenous data sources to form an integrated system for Internet-based e-commerce. A three-tier architecture has been proposed to organise the global schema repositories. Finally we discuss how to use XML to build these repositories.
Mapping vaccination coverage to explore the effects of delivery mechanisms and inform vaccination strategies
Creators: name: Thorley, J
name: Utazi, C.E
name: Cutts, F.T
name: Lessler, J
name: Metcalf, C.J.E
name: Takahashi, S
name: Ferrari, M.J
name: Alegana, V.A
name: Tatem, A.J
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2019

description: The success of vaccination programs depends largely on the mechanisms used in vaccine delivery. National immunization programs offer childhood vaccines through fixed and outreach services within the health system and often, additional supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) are undertaken to fill gaps and boost coverage. Here, we map predicted coverage at 1 × 1 km spatial resolution in five low- and middle-income countries to identify areas that are under-vaccinated via each delivery method using Demographic and Health Surveys data. We compare estimates of the coverage of the third dose of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-containing vaccine (DTP3), which is typically delivered through routine immunization (RI), with those of measles-containing vaccine (MCV) for which SIAs are also undertaken. We find that SIAs have boosted MCV coverage in some places, but not in others, particularly where RI had been deficient, as depicted by DTP coverage. The modelling approaches outlined here can help to guide geographical prioritization and strategy design.
Symplecis bicingulata
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Symplecis
Symplecis bicingulata

description: Symplecis bicingulata (GRAVENHORST, 1829)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap2: 1♀ 5-20.v.; trap 7: 1♀ 5-20.v., 1♀ 21.ix.-5.x.; trap 8: 1♀ 15-29.vi.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic, known from Georgia (RIEDEL & JAPOSHVILI 2021).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 119, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Structural biology research and the origins of genetic coding
Creators: name: Carter, Charlie
Publisher: name: Adjacent Digital Politics
Year: 2024

description: Charles W. Carter, Jr, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, reviews the ways that recent research in Structural Biology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Phylogenetics have opened the origins of genetic coding to experimental study and their important implications. Structural Biology is the study of the 3D arrangements of atoms in biological molecules. It is an immensely rich source of information that has continually transformed how we think of ourselves. Knowing a structure adds a new level of reality to an entire range of mechanistic models. The double helical structure of DNA likely brought the most fundamental overhaul of our perspective. It showed that units we had called “genes” have a structure that makes the idea of a “heritable blueprint” unmistakably self- explanatory.
Are Teachers Satisfied With Their Evaluations? The Importance of Teaching Context and Trends Over Time
Creators: name: Morris, Wesley T.
name: Sartain, Lauren
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2024

description: Nationally, teachers have experienced major changes in how their performance is evaluated. Teacher satisfaction with the evaluation system likely influences whether they will use the evaluation data to make instructional improvements, yet we know little about teachers’ perceptions of their evaluations. Using survey data from Chicago Public Schools, we explore teacher satisfaction with the evaluation system and their perceptions of its fairness and accuracy. Sixty percent of teachers reported being satisfied with the district’s reformed teacher evaluation. However, satisfaction declined following the implementation of the district’s more rigorous evaluation system, driven by tenured teachers’ differentially negative impressions. Notably, teacher satisfaction was higher in schools with strong climates, particularly where teachers perceived instructional leadership as effective. These findings underscore the importance of school leaders in the implementation of teacher evaluation policies and suggest that some principals need support fostering school climates focused on instructional improvement and building strong relationships with staff.
The Rural Interprofessional Health Initiative
Creators: name: Zomorodi, Meg
name: Alexander, Lorraine
name: Rodgers, Philip T.
Publisher: name: North Carolina Institute of Medicine
Year: 2024

description: Innovative models that prepare students for careers in rural health are of increasing interest. The UNC Rural Interprofessional Health Initiative (RIPHI) is an intentional interprofessional model that has been in existence since 2017. This article provides an overview of this work, lessons learned, and opportunities for future partnerships.