cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Graphite modified epoxy-based adhesive for joining of aluminium and PP/graphite composites
Creators: name: Rzeczkowski, P.
name: Pötschke, Petra
name: Fischer, M.
name: Kühnert, I.
name: Krause, Beate
Publisher: name: New York, NY [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: aluminium and alloys
subject: composites
subject: conductive adhesives
subject: epoxy/epoxides
subject: Mechanical properties of adhesives
subject: 530

description: A graphite-modified adhesive was developed in order to simultaneously enhance the thermal conductivity and the strength of an adhesive joint. The thermal conductivity through the joint was investigated by using highly filled PP/graphite composite substrates, which were joined with an epoxy adhesive of different layer thicknesses. Similar measurements were carried out with a constant adhesive layer thickness, whilst applying an epoxy adhesive modified with expanded graphite (EG) (6, 10, and 20 wt%). By reducing the adhesive layer thickness or modifying the adhesive with conductive fillers, a significant increase of the thermal conductivity through the joint was achieved. The examination of the mechanical properties of the modified adhesives was carried out by tensile tests (adhesive only), lap-shear tests, and fracture energy tests (mode 1) with aluminium substrates. Modification of the adhesive with EG led to an increase of the tensile lap-shear strength and the adhesive fracture energy (mode 1) of the joint. In addition, burst pressure tests were performed to determine the strength of the joint in a complex component. The strength of the joint increased with the graphite content in the PP substrate and in the epoxy adhesive.
Protective and adjuvant environments in the context of allergic diseases
Creators: name: Gawlitta, Nadine
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: Studies demonstrated a low prevalence of allergy and asthma among farmer children compared to non-farmer children. We targeted small respirable compounds in the gas and particulate phase of distinct farming aerosols to gain first insights of a potential allergy-protective effect of such small organic compounds. Specific differences between a potential protective (cow shed) and non-protective (sheep shed) environment were identified and biologically tested. Moreover, allergy-adjuvant environments derived from distinct diesel exhaust and pollen exposure were comprehensively characterized.
Laboratory Measurements of White Dwarf Photospheric Spectral Lines: H$β$
Creators: name: Falcon, Ross E.
name: Rochau, G. A.
name: Bailey, J. E.
name: Gomez, T. A.
name: Montgomery, M. H.
name: Winget, D. E.
name: Nagayama, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We spectroscopically measure multiple hydrogen Balmer line profiles from laboratory plasmas to investigate the theoretical line profiles used in white dwarf atmosphere models. X-ray radiation produced at the Z Pulsed Power Facility at Sandia National Laboratories initiates plasma formation in a hydrogen-filled gas cell, replicating white dwarf photospheric conditions. Here we present time-resolved measurements of H$β$ and fit this line using different theoretical line profiles to diagnose electron density, $n_{\rm e}$, and $n=2$ level population, $n_2$. Aided by synthetic tests, we characterize the validity of our diagnostic method for this experimental platform. During a single experiment, we infer a continuous range of electron densities increasing from $n_{\rm e}\sim4$ to $\sim30\times10^{16}\,$cm$^{-3}$ throughout a 120-ns evolution of our plasma. Also, we observe $n_2$ to be initially elevated with respect to local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE); it then equilibrates within $\sim55\,$ns to become consistent with LTE. This supports our electron-temperature determination of $T_{\rm e}\sim1.3\,$eV ($\sim15,000\,$K) after this time. At $n_{\rm e}\gtrsim10^{17}\,$cm$^{-3}$, we find that computer-simulation-based line-profile calculations provide better fits (lower reduced $χ^2$) than the line profiles currently used in the white dwarf astronomy community. The inferred conditions, however, are in good quantitative agreement. This work establishes an experimental foundation for the future investigation of relative shapes and strengths between different hydrogen Balmer lines.
description: 11 double-column pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Novel Partners of SPAG11B Isoform D in the Human Male Reproductive Tract1
Creators: name: French, Frank S.
name: Tan, Jiann An
name: Hamil, Katherine G.
name: Hall, Susan H.
name: Grossman, Gail
name: Petrusz, Peter
name: Radhakrishnan, Yashwanth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Human sperm-associated antigen 11 (SPAG11) is closely related to beta-defensins in structure, expression, and function. Like the beta-defensins, SPAG11 proteins are predominantly expressed in the male reproductive tract, where their best-known major roles are in innate host defense and reproduction. Although several hypotheses have emerged to describe the evolution of beta-defensin and SPAG11 multifunctionality, few describe these multiple functions in terms of defensin interactions with specific proteins. To gain insight into the protein interaction potentials of SPAG11 and the signaling pathways that SPAG11 may influence, we used a yeast two-hybrid screening of a human testis-epididymis library. The results reveal human SPAG11B isoform D (SPAG11B/D) interactions with tryptase alpha/beta 1 (TPSAB1), tetraspanin 7 (TSPAN7), and attractin (ATRN). These interactions were confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation and glutathione S-transferase affinity matrix binding. SPAG11B/D and the three interacting proteins are expressed in the proximal epididymis, and all function in immunity and fertility pathways. We analyzed the functional consequences of SPAG11B/D interaction with TPSAB1 and showed that SPAG11B/D is both a substrate and a potent inhibitor of TPSAB1 activity. Furthermore, we show that (like SPAG11B/D) TSPAN7 and ATRN are associated with spermatozoa.
(103145) Winifred Beatrice Maish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Non-Zero Component Graph of a Finite Dimensional Vector Space
Creators: name: Das, Angsuman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C25, 05C69

description: In this paper, we introduce a graph structure, called non-zero component graph on finite dimensional vector spaces. We show that the graph is connected and find its domination number and independence number. We also study the inter-relationship between vector space isomorphisms and graph isomorphisms and it is shown that two graphs are isomorphic if and only if the corresponding vector spaces are so. Finally, we determine the degree of each vertex in case the base field is finite.
description: To appear in Communications in Algebra, Taylor & Francis
Extruded polycarbonate/Di-Allyl phthalate composites with ternary conductive filler system for bipolar plates of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells
Creators: name: Naji, Ahmed
name: Krause, Beate
name: Pötschke, Petra
name: Ameli, Amir
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: bipolar plates
subject: conductive polymer composites
subject: electrical and thermal conductivity
subject: extrusion
subject: fuel cell
subject: hybrid fillers
subject: mechanical properties
subject: 530
subject: 600

description: Here, we report multifunctional polycarbonate (PC)-based conductive polymer composites (CPCs) with outstanding performance manufactured by a simple extrusion process and intended for use in bipolar plate (BPP) applications in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells. CPCs were developed using a ternary conductive filler system containing carbon nanotube (CNT), carbon fiber (CF), and graphite (G) and by introducing di-allyl phthalate (DAP) as a plasticizer to PC matrix. The samples were fabricated using twin-screw extrusion followed by compression molding and the microstructure, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and mechanical properties were investigated. The results showed a good dispersion of the fillers with some degree of interconnection between dissimilar fillers. The addition of DAP enhanced the electrical conductivity and tensile strength of the CPCs. Due to its plasticizing effect, DAP reduced the processing temperature by 75 °C and facilitated the extrusion of CPCs with filler loads as high as 63 wt% (3 wt% CNT, 30 wt% CF, 30 wt% G). Consequently, CPCs with the through-plane electrical, in-plane electrical and thermal conductivities and tensile strength of 4.2 S cm-1, 34.3 S cm-1, 2.9 W m-1 K-1, and 75.4 MPa, respectively, were achieved. This combination of properties indicates the potential of PC-based composites enriched with hybrid fillers and plasticizers as an alternative material for BPP application.
A statistically constrained internal method for single image super-resolution
Creators: name: Chatillon, Pierrick
name: Gousseau, Yann
name: Lefebvre, Sidonie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning based methods for single-image super-resolution (SR) have drawn a lot of attention lately. In particular, various papers have shown that the learning stage can be performed on a single image, resulting in the so-called internal approaches. The SinGAN method is one of these contributions, where the distribution of image patches is learnt on the image at hand and propagated at finer scales. Now, there are situations where some statistical a priori can be assumed for the final image. In particular, many natural phenomena yield images having power law Fourier spectrum, such as clouds and other texture images. In this work, we show how such a priori information can be integrated into an internal super-resolution approach, by constraining the learned up-sampling procedure of SinGAN. We consider various types of constraints, related to the Fourier power spectrum, the color histograms and the consistency of the upsampling scheme. We demonstrate on various experiments that these constraints are indeed satisfied, but also that some perceptual quality measures can be improved by the proposed approach.
Messanlage zur Untersuchung des Seebeck-Effektes in Polymermaterialien
Creators: name: Jenschke, Wolfgang
name: Ullrich, Mathias
name: Krause, Beate
name: Pötschke, Petra
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Seebeck coefficient
subject: thermoelectric effect
subject: temperature measurement
subject: temperature control
subject: 620

description: The thermoelectric effect named after the physicist Thomas Johann Seebeck has been investigated sufficiently well for all technically relevant metals and has been used for a long time, among other things, for temperature measurement by means of thermocouples. Less well known and researched is the Seebeck effect in polymer materials, which are gaining increasing influence in the sensor industry today. This article describes a measuring system designed specifically to study the Seebeck effect in polymeric samples with the aim of developing tailored polymers for sensory engineering applications using the Seebeck effect. The special requirement of the measuring system is the realization of constant accurate temperature sources.
Analysis of Recombinant Human Semenogelin as an Inhibitor of Human Sperm Motility1
Creators: name: Richardson, Richard T.
name: O'Rand, Michael G.
name: Mitra, Anurag
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Eppin (epididymal protease inhibitor [SPINLW1]) is present in a protein complex on the human sperm surface that contains lactotransferrin, clusterin, and semenogelin (SEMG1). During ejaculation the presence of semenogelin inhibits sperm progressive motility until semenogelin is hydrolyzed by prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Although eppin binds all three components in its protein complex, the binding of semenogelin to eppin appears to be critical for the inhibition of progressive motility. The effect of the originally identified seminal plasma motility inhibitor fragment has not been clearly defined on live spermatozoa. Therefore, we have used recombinant semenogelin (rSEMG1) and its fragments, including a semenogelin mutant in which cysteine 239 was changed to glycine, coupled with a computer assisted sperm analysis assay to study the motility inhibitory properties of semenogelin. Each fragment and the mutant were tested for their effects on motility. Recombinant semenogelin significantly inhibited sperm progressive motility in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The C-terminal semenogelin fragment (amino acids 164–283) containing cysteine 239 significantly inhibited sperm progressive motility, whereas the N-terminal fragment (amino acids 24–163), a short C-terminal fragment (amino acids 172–215) without cysteine 239, and the mutant fragment (amino acids 24–283 with glycine 239) did not inhibit motility. After treatment with recombinant semenogelin, spermatozoa could be washed and treated with PSA, partially reversing the inhibition of progressive motility. Cysteine 239 of rSEMG1 appears to be the critical amino acid for both binding to eppin and inhibiting sperm motility.
Phosphoglycerate Kinase 2 (PGK2) Is Essential for Sperm Function and Male Fertility in Mice
Creators: name: Goulding, Eugenia H.
name: Willis, William D.
name: Eddy, E. M.
name: O'Brien, Deborah A.
name: Dai, Qunsheng
name: Kitto, G. Barrie
name: Geyer, Christopher B.
name: Danshina, Polina V.
name: McCarrey, John R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Phosphoglycerate kinase 2 (PGK2), an isozyme that catalyzes the first ATP-generating step in the glycolytic pathway, is encoded by an autosomal retrogene that is expressed only during spermatogenesis. It replaces the ubiquitously expressed phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) isozyme following repression of Pgk1 transcription by meiotic sex chromosome inactivation during meiotic prophase and by postmeiotic sex chromatin during spermiogenesis. The targeted disruption of Pgk2 by homologous recombination eliminates PGK activity in sperm and severely impairs male fertility, but does not block spermatogenesis. Mating behavior, reproductive organ weights (testis, excurrent ducts, and seminal vesicles), testis histology, sperm counts, and sperm ultrastructure were indistinguishable between Pgk2−/− and wild-type mice. However, sperm motility and ATP levels were markedly reduced in males lacking PGK2. These defects in sperm function were slightly less severe than observed in males lacking glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spermatogenic (GAPDHS), the isozyme that catalyzes the step preceding PGK2 in the sperm glycolytic pathway. Unlike Gapdhs−/− males, the Pgk2−/− males also sired occasional pups. Alternative pathways that bypass the PGK step of glycolysis exist. We determined that one of these bypass enzymes, acylphosphatase, is active in mouse sperm, perhaps contributing to phenotypic differences between mice lacking GAPDHS or PGK2. This study determined that PGK2 is not required for the completion of spermatogenesis, but is essential for sperm motility and male fertility. In addition to confirming the importance of the glycolytic pathway for sperm function, distinctive phenotypic characteristics of Pgk2−/− mice may provide further insights into the regulation of sperm metabolism.
Multi-Projector Color Structured-Light Vision
Creators: name: Je, Changsoo
name: Lee, Kwang Hee
name: Lee, Sang Wook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.2.10; I.4.8

description: Research interest in rapid structured-light imaging has grown increasingly for the modeling of moving objects, and a number of methods have been suggested for the range capture in a single video frame. The imaging area of a 3D object using a single projector is restricted since the structured light is projected only onto a limited area of the object surface. Employing additional projectors to broaden the imaging area is a challenging problem since simultaneous projection of multiple patterns results in their superposition in the light-intersected areas and the recognition of original patterns is by no means trivial. This paper presents a novel method of multi-projector color structured-light vision based on projector-camera triangulation. By analyzing the behavior of superposed-light colors in a chromaticity domain, we show that the original light colors cannot be properly extracted by the conventional direct estimation. We disambiguate multiple projectors by multiplexing the orientations of projector patterns so that the superposed patterns can be separated by explicit derivative computations. Experimental studies are carried out to demonstrate the validity of the presented method. The proposed method increases the efficiency of range acquisition compared to conventional active stereo using multiple projectors.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures
Understanding the fundamental connection between electronic correlation and decoherence
Creators: name: Kar, Arnab
name: Chen, Liping
name: Franco, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a theory that exposes the fundamental and previously overlooked connection between the correlation among electrons and the degree of quantum coherence of electronic states in matter. For arbitrary states, the effects only decouple when the electronic dynamics induced by the nuclear bath is pure-dephasing in nature such that $[H^{S},H^{SB}]=0$, where $H^{S}$ is the electronic Hamiltonian and $H^{SB}$ is the electron-nuclear coupling. We quantitatively illustrate this connection via exact simulations of a Hubbard-Holstein molecule using the Hierarchical Equations of Motion that show that increasing the degree of electronic interactions can enhance or suppress the rate of electronic coherence loss.
The number of additive triples in subsets of abelian groups
Creators: name: Samotij, Wojciech
name: Sudakov, Benny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A set of elements of a finite abelian group is called sum-free if it contains no Schur triple, i.e., no triple of elements $x,y,z$ with $x+y=z$. The study of how large the largest sum-free subset of a given abelian group is had started more than thirty years before it was finally resolved by Green and Ruzsa a decade ago. We address the following more general question. Suppose that a set $A$ of elements of an abelian group $G$ has cardinality $a$. How many Schur triples must $A$ contain? Moreover, which sets of $a$ elements of $G$ have the smallest number of Schur triples? In this paper, we answer these questions for various groups $G$ and ranges of $a$.
description: 20 pages; corrected the erroneous equality in (1) in the statement of Theorem 1.3
Investigation of a medium-sized floating offshore wind turbine with stall regulation
Creators: name: Aye, Moe Moe
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 620 Engineering & allied operations

description: The thesis begins with the development of a stall control concept for a variable-speed medium-sized floating offshore wind turbine. Firstly, the control and protection concepts were developed to ensure the highest possible efficiency throughout the operation. Secondly, fully integrated aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulations were performed to characterize the global dynamic response of the system, identify the design driving loads, and highlight the impacts brought about by the floating support structure.
(103144) Frederick John Maish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Classification of Mouse Sperm Motility Patterns Using an Automated Multiclass Support Vector Machines Model1
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhaojun
name: Tsuruta, James K.
name: O'Brien, Deborah A.
name: Wang, Wei
name: Goodson, Summer G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Vigorous sperm motility, including the transition from progressive to hyperactivated motility that occurs in the female reproductive tract, is required for normal fertilization in mammals. We developed an automated, quantitative method that objectively classifies five distinct motility patterns of mouse sperm using Support Vector Machines (SVM), a common method in supervised machine learning. This multiclass SVM model is based on more than 2000 sperm tracks that were captured by computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) during in vitro capacitation and visually classified as progressive, intermediate, hyperactivated, slow, or weakly motile. Parameters associated with the classified tracks were incorporated into established SVM algorithms to generate a series of equations. These equations were integrated into a binary decision tree that sequentially sorts uncharacterized tracks into distinct categories. The first equation sorts CASA tracks into vigorous and nonvigorous categories. Additional equations classify vigorous tracks as progressive, intermediate, or hyperactivated and nonvigorous tracks as slow or weakly motile. Our CASAnova software uses these SVM equations to classify individual sperm motility patterns automatically. Comparisons of motility profiles from sperm incubated with and without bicarbonate confirmed the ability of the model to distinguish hyperactivated patterns of motility that develop during in vitro capacitation. The model accurately classifies motility profiles of sperm from a mutant mouse model with severe motility defects. Application of the model to sperm from multiple inbred strains reveals strain-dependent differences in sperm motility profiles. CASAnova provides a rapid and reproducible platform for quantitative comparisons of motility in large, heterogeneous populations of mouse sperm.
Spectral Models for Early Time SN 2011fe Observations
Creators: name: Baron, E.
name: Friesen, P. Hoeflich Brian
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Hsiao, E.
name: Ellis, R. S.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Nugent, P. E.
name: Dominguez, I.
name: Krisciunas, K.
name: Phillips, M. M.
name: Suntzeff, N.
name: Wang, L.
name: Thomas, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use observed UV through near IR spectra to examine whether SN 2011fe can be understood in the framework of Branch-normal SNe Ia and to examine its individual peculiarities. As a benchmark, we use a delayed-detonation model with a progenitor metallicity of Z_solar/20. We study the sensitivity of features to variations in progenitor metallicity, the outer density profile, and the distribution of radioactive nickel. The effect of metallicity variations in the progenitor have a relatively small effect on the synthetic spectra. We also find that the abundance stratification of SN 2011fe resembles closely that of a delayed detonation model with a transition density that has been fit to other Branch-normal Type Ia supernovae. At early times, the model photosphere is formed in material with velocities that are too high, indicating that the photosphere recedes too slowly or that SN 2011fe has a lower specific energy in the outer ~0.1 M_sun than does the model. We discuss several explanations for the discrepancies. Finally, we examine variations in both the spectral energy distribution and in the colors due to variations in the progenitor metallicity, which suggests that colors are only weak indicators for the progenitor metallicity, in the particular explosion model that we have studied. We do find that the flux in the U band is significantly higher at maximum light in the solar metallicity model than in the lower metallicity model and the lower metallicity model much better matches the observed spectrum.
description: 9 pages, 14 figures, MNRAS, in press, fixed typo
Mobilitäts-Ratgeber für Berlin
Creators: name: Daubitz, Stephan
name: Abt, Elena
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Berlin
subject: Nahverkehr
subject: Armut
subject: Mobilität
subject: Mobilitätsarmut
classificationCode: 380
subject: Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr

description: Der Mobilitätsratgeber hilft Menschen, kostengünstig durch Berlin zu kommen. Besonders soll er alle Personen unterstützen, die von wenig Geld leben. Der Ratgeber ist ein Ergebnis des Projekts MobileInclusion, das sich mit Armut und Mobilität in den Städten Berlin und Hamburg befasst.
description: The mobility handbook offers support to citizens to discover Berlin on a low budget. Target persons are low-income residents, whereas the handbook holds the potential to serve many more persons. The handbook is a result of the MobileInclusion project that investigates transport disadvantage in Berlin and Hamburg.
Cosmological Constant, Quantum Measurement, and the Problem of Time
Creators: name: Banerjee, Shreya
name: Bera, Sayantani
name: Singh, Tejinder P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three of the big puzzles of theoretical physics are the following: (i) There is apparently no time evolution in the dynamics of quantum general relativity, because the allowed quantum states must obey the Hamiltonian constraint. (ii) During a quantum measurement, the state of the quantum system randomly collapses from being in a linear superposition of the eigenstates of the measured observable, to just one of the eigenstates, in apparent violation of the predictions of the deterministic, linear Schrödinger equation. (iii) The observed value of the cosmological constant is exceedingly small, compared to its natural value, creating a serious fine-tuning problem. In this essay we propose a novel idea to show how the three problems help solve each other.
description: 5 pages, honorable mention in Gravity Research Foundation essay contest 2015
Cavity effect in the quasinormal mode spectrum of topological stars
Creators: name: Heidmann, Pierre
name: Speeney, Nicholas
name: Berti, Emanuele
name: Bah, Ibrahima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scalar perturbations of topological solitons, smooth horizonless solutions in five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory that correspond to coherent states of gravity via the dynamics of extra compact dimensions. First, we compute scalar quasinormal modes for topological stars that have a single unstable photon sphere, and we show that the spectrum is very similar to that of a black hole with the same photon sphere. Next, we study topological stars that have both a stable inner photon sphere and an unstable one. The first few quasinormal modes are localized around the inner photon sphere. The spectrum also contains ''black-hole like modes'' localized at the unstable outer photon sphere. The frequencies of these modes are similar to those of a black hole, but their imaginary part is smaller due to a cavity effect associated with the inner photon sphere. The longer damping produced by this trapping effect may have implications for black hole spectroscopy.
description: 17 pages + Appendix, 11 figures
On numerical study of the discrete spectrum of a two-dimensional Schrodinger operator with soliton potential
Creators: name: Adilkhanov, A. N.
name: Taimanov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The discrete spectra of certain two-dimensional Schrodinger operators are numerically calculated. These operators have interesting spectral properties, i.e. their kernels are multi-dimensional and the deformations of potentials via the Novikov-Veselov equation (a two-dimensional generalization of the Korteweg-de Vries equation) lead to blowups, and are obtained by the Moutard transformation. The calculations supply the numerical evidence for certain statements on integrable systems related to the 2D Schrodinger operator. The numerical scheme is applicable to a general 2D Schrodinger operator with fast decaying potential.
description: 17 pages
Scholarly Publishing in the European Research Area (ERA) - Supporting the Visibility of Hamburg Research Results
Creators: name: Meinecke, Isabella
name: Krüger, Oliver
name: Greiner, Isabella
Publisher: name: Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: open access
open science
networking
scholarly communication
publishing
EU projects

description: Open Science is on the political and funding agenda on the national (DFG, BMBF, KMK) as well as on the international level. The European Commission funds the projects CRAFT-OA, DIAMAS, and PALOMERA in order to establish Diamond open access publication services. Networked institutional infrastructure for journals and books is built on high quality standards and will be integrated in platforms like the EOSC or OpenAIRE, thus supporting the formal quality and visibility of scholar-led publications.
The Hamburg State and University Library (Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg) participates in these processes. Its publication services are excellently networked on the European level. With this poster, we will explain the mentioned projects and show how publications of Hamburg researchers can benefit from these developments.
This poster was being presented at the "Digital Total" in Hamburg, October 9-10, 2023. The event was organized and conducted by the House of Computing & Data Science (HCDS) of the Universität Hamburg, in collaboration with partners from the scientific platform PIER PLUS and the Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Hamburg.
(103143) Mary Caroline McGillivray
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(103142) Jacob Paul Stroman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Characterization of EPPIN's Semenogelin I Binding Site: A Contraceptive Drug Target1
Creators: name: Silva, Erick J.R.
name: O'Rand, Michael G.
name: Hamil, Katherine G.
name: Richardson, Richard T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Epididymal protease inhibitor (EPPIN) is found on the surface of spermatozoa and works as a central hub for a sperm surface protein complex (EPPIN protein complex [EPC]) that inhibits sperm motility on the binding of semenogelin I (SEMG1) during ejaculation. Here, we identify EPPIN's amino acids involved in the interactions within the EPC and demonstrate that EPPIN's sequence C102-P133 contains the major binding site for SEMG1. Within the same region, the sequence F117-P133 binds the EPC-associated protein lactotransferrin (LTF). We show that residues Cys102, Tyr107, and Phe117 in the EPPIN C-terminus are required for SEMG1 binding. Additionally, residues Tyr107 and Phe117 are critically involved in the interaction between EPPIN and LTF. Our findings demonstrate that EPPIN is a key player in the protein-protein interactions within the EPC. Target identification is an important step toward the development of a novel male contraceptive, and the functionality of EPPIN's residues Cys102, Tyr107, and Phe117 offers novel opportunities for contraceptive compounds that inhibit sperm motility by targeting this region of the molecule.
Analysen zur Optimierung des Screenings auf Gram-negative Bakterien und Enterokokken
Creators: name: Pohl, Friederike Pola Johanna
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Um einer Verbreitung von multi-resistenten Bakterien entgegenzuwirken, sind Screening-Untersuchungen auch für MRGN und VRE durch das RKI empfohlen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden präanalytische Parameter als Einflussgröße auf die Screening-Qualität untersucht. Es wurden drei verschiedene Stieltupfer eingesetzt und perianale sowie intraanale Abstriche genommen. Die Proben wurden auf den Nachweis Gram-negativer Spezies und Enterokokken geprüft. Die Auswertung ergab, dass sich in Abhängigkeit von Screening-Ort und -Material relevante Unterschiede bezüglich des Nachweises der Spezies zeigen.
Loss of Calcium in Human Spermatozoa via EPPIN, the Semenogelin Receptor1
Creators: name: O'Rand, Michael G.
name: Widgren, Esther E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The development of a new male contraceptive requires a transition from animal model to human and an understanding of the mechanisms involved in the target's inhibition of human spermatozoan fertility. We now report that semenogelin (SEMG1) and anti-EPPIN antibodies to a defined target site of 21 amino acids on the C terminal of EPPIN cause the loss of intracellular calcium, as measured by Fluo-4. The loss of intracellular calcium explains our previous observations of an initial loss of progressive motility and eventually the complete loss of motility when spermatozoa are treated with SEMG1 or anti-EPPIN antibodies. Thimerosal can rescue the effects of SEMG1 on motility, implying that internal stores of calcium are not depleted. Additionally, SEMG1 treatment of spermatozoa decreases the intracellular pH, and motility can be rescued by ammonium chloride. The results of this study demonstrate that EPPIN controls sperm motility in the ejaculate by binding SEMG1, resulting in the loss of calcium, most likely through a disturbance of internal pH and an inhibition of uptake mechanisms. However, the exact steps through which the EPPIN-SEMG1 complex exerts its effect on internal calcium levels are unknown. Anti-EPPIN antibodies can substitute for SEMG1, and, therefore, small-molecular weight compounds that mimic anti-EPPIN binding should be able to substitute for SEMG1, providing the basis for a nonantibody, nonhormonal male contraceptive.
Development of Fe- and Co-based catalysts for sustainable organic synthesis
Creators: name: Chandrashekhar, Vishwas Gajanor
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: In this thesis, the development of Fe- and Co-based nanoparticle and molecularly defined catalysts for sustainable organic synthesis is reported. For this synthesis, mainly catalytic hydrogenations and reductive aminations are used, which allows for the cost-effective and practical access to different kinds of amines including drug targets and intermediates. The detailed characterization of nanostructured catalytic materials by TEM, EDX, XPS, XRD, EPR and Mössbauer spectroscopy as well as molecularly defined complexes by NMR and X-ray crystal structure is presented.
Untersuchung des N-Körperproblems und Optimierung der Ableitungsfunktion
Creators: name: Pichler, Olaf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: N-Körper, Newton, Nummerik, Optimierung, Gewöhnliche Differenzialgleichungen

description: Schon die alten Griechen beschäftigten sich mit der Bewegung der Körper. Selbst ein einfach wirkendes Konstrukt, wie die Bewegung von Massepunkten im Raum unter dem Einfluss der Gravitation, kann sehr schnell zu einem komplexen Problem werden. Da dieses nur für Systeme mit zwei Körpern analytisch lösbar ist, benötigen wir für multiple Körper einen numerischen Ansatz. Auch heute ist dieses Problem Gegenstand zahlreicher Forschungen, obwohl sich die Wissenschaft diesem seit 400 Jahren annimmt. Sogar mit modernen Rechnern ist die akkurate Näherung des N-Körperproblems sehr ressourcen- und zeitaufwendig weshalb die Optimierung der Probleme nicht nur Kosten spart, sondern auch die Möglichkeit für das Lösen noch größerer Systeme eröffnet. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Auswahl verschiedener Lösungsmethoden und den Möglichkeiten der Effizienzsteigerung.
Metabolic Substrates Exhibit Differential Effects on Functional Parameters of Mouse Sperm Capacitation
Creators: name: Xie, Guoxiang
name: O'Brien, Deborah A.
name: Goodson, Summer G.
name: Qiu, Yunping
name: Jia, Wei
name: Sutton, Keith A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Although substantial evidence exists that sperm ATP production via glycolysis is required for mammalian sperm function and male fertility, conflicting reports involving multiple species have appeared regarding the ability of individual glycolytic or mitochondrial substrates to support the physiological changes that occur during capacitation. Several mouse models with defects in the signaling pathways required for capacitation exhibit reductions in sperm ATP levels, suggesting regulatory interactions between sperm metabolism and signal transduction cascades. To better understand these interactions, we conducted quantitative studies of mouse sperm throughout a 2-h in vitro capacitation period and compared the effects of single substrates assayed under identical conditions. Multiple glycolytic and nonglycolytic substrates maintained sperm ATP levels and comparable percentages of motility, but only glucose and mannose supported hyperactivation. These monosaccharides and fructose supported the full pattern of tyrosine phosphorylation, whereas nonglycolytic substrates supported at least partial tyrosine phosphorylation. Inhibition of glycolysis impaired motility in the presence of glucose, fructose, or pyruvate but not in the presence of hydroxybutyrate. Addition of an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation reduced motility with pyruvate or hydroxybutyrate as substrates but unexpectedly stimulated hyperactivation with fructose. Investigating differences between glucose and fructose in more detail, we demonstrated that hyperactivation results from the active metabolism of glucose. Differences between glucose and fructose appeared to be downstream of changes in intracellular pH, which rose to comparable levels during incubation with either substrate. Sperm redox pathways were differentially affected, with higher levels of associated metabolites and reactive oxygen species generated during incubations with fructose than during incubations with glucose.
Development of optimised algorithms to calculate equation-of-state data in many-particle systems consisting of hard, anisotropic particles
Creators: name: Marienhagen, Philipp
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 500 Natural sciences
subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: In this work, equations of state of hard, anisotropic particles are studied employing the complementary methods of virial theory and Monte Carlo simulations. To calculate higher-order virial coefficients, an algorithm is developed and optimised for hard particles. Using this algorithm, virial coefficients of hard lenses and hard, oblate ellipsoids of revolution are calculated. The method is extended to the 4D space. The development of a cluster Monte Carlo algorithm gives access to precise equation-of-state data, which is compared to the virial series.
Universal bursty behavior in the air transportation system
Creators: name: Ito, Hidetaka
name: Nishinari, Katsuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Social activities display bursty behavior characterized by heavy-tailed inter-event time distributions. We examine the bursty behavior of airplanes' arrivals in hub airports. The analysis indicates that the air transportation system universally follows a power-law inter-arrival time distribution with an exponent $α=2.5$ and an exponential cutoff. Moreover, we investigate the mechanism of this bursty behavior by introducing a simple model to describe it. In addition, we compare the extent of the hub-and-spoke structure and the burstiness of various airline networks in the system. Remarkably, the results suggest that the hub-and-spoke network of the system and the carriers' strategy to facilitate transit are the origins of this universality.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Spatial and temporal variability in the Northeast Atlantic Subtropical gyre and implications for the biogeochemistry of the region
Creators: name: Vieira Frazão, Helena Cristina
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 500 Natural sciences
subject: 530 Physics
subject: 570 Life science

description: Ocean circulation distributes heat, salt, and nutrients through the different basins. Thus, changes in circulation will ultimately impact the biogeochemistry of the ocean. In this work, the variability of currents and water column properties were studied in the Northeast Subtropical Atlantic, together with changes in the biogeochemistry in the upper 300 m over the North Atlantic Subtropical gyre. It was found that ocean circulation and biogeochemistry in the North Atlantic underwent drastic changes since the 1960s, leading to a reduction in the CO2 uptake by the oceans in the last 100 years.
(103141) Lila Selina Stroman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Genome-Wide Analysis of Open Chromatin in Human Epididymis Epithelial Cells Reveals Candidate Regulatory Elements for Genes Coordinating Epididymal Function1
Creators: name: Song, Lingyun
name: Crawford, Gregory E.
name: Bischof, Jared M.
name: London, Darin
name: Harris, Ann
name: Gillen, Austin E.
name: Furey, Terrence S.
name: Gosalia, Nehal
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The epithelium lining the epididymis has a pivotal role in ensuring a luminal environment that can support normal sperm maturation. Many of the individual genes that encode proteins involved in establishing the epididymal luminal fluid are well characterized. They include ion channels, ion exchangers, transporters, and solute carriers. However, the molecular mechanisms that coordinate expression of these genes and modulate their activities in response to biological stimuli are less well understood. To identify cis-regulatory elements for genes expressed in human epididymis epithelial cells, we generated genome-wide maps of open chromatin by DNase-seq. This analysis identified 33 542 epididymis-selective DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHS), which were not evident in five cell types of different lineages. Identification of genes with epididymis-selective DHS at their promoters revealed gene pathways that are active in immature epididymis epithelial cells. These include processes correlating with epithelial function and also others with specific roles in the epididymis, including retinol metabolism and ascorbate and aldarate metabolism. Peaks of epididymis-selective chromatin were seen in the androgen receptor gene and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which has a critical role in regulating ion transport across the epididymis epithelium. In silico prediction of transcription factor binding sites that were overrepresented in epididymis-selective DHS identified epithelial transcription factors, including ELF5 and ELF3, the androgen receptor, Pax2, and Sox9, as components of epididymis transcriptional networks. Active genes, which are targets of each transcription factor, reveal important biological processes in the epididymis epithelium.