cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unlocking research: a study of UK copyright law and copyright licences in light of Open access versus traditional publishing
Creators: name: Kiss, Beata
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: Copyright was created to safeguard the rights of the creator of an original work by placing limitations on reuse. This sometimes aligns well with how we utilise and disseminate information in the age of technology; however, copyright serves the scholarly community but affects the accessibility of research outputs, author's rights, and the currently widely adopted copyright licences.
Purpose: This study explores the significance and impact of UK copyright law on scholarly journal publishing. It examines how current copyright licence models can align with the open access publishing model versus traditional publishing.
Method: This study was conducted through qualitative desk research utilising thematic analysis to examine all materials collected for this study, such as articles, books, and websites, and specified terms were employed to explore and identify patterns.
Findings: Open access provides more flexible access via the novel 'open licences', which is beneficial for authors and consumers in parallel and aligns in a better position with the thriving online culture. Traditional publishing represents a more rigid approach and challenges authors due to the demand for transferring their copyrights.
Conclusion: Copyright is a vital phenomenon in scholarly journal publishing, furnishes society whilst supporting knowledge creation and broad dissemination of academic outputs bolstered by copyright agreements. The current copyright licences provide such approaches and conditions that simultaneously support authors and consumers and fulfil the needs of scholarly journal publishing. Visibility, openness, protection, and accessibility are vital aspects of academic journal publishing; therefore, OA offers a more adaptable approach compared to the traditional publishing model, utilising Creative Commons licences that align in a better position with academic journal publishing and the thriving online culture.
Confronting sparse Gaia DR3 photometry with TESS for a sample of around 60,000 OBAF-type pulsators
Creators: name: Hey, Daniel
name: Aerts, Conny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gaia mission has delivered hundreds of thousands of variable star light curves in multiple wavelengths. Recent work demonstrates that these light curves can be used to identify (non-)radial pulsations in the OBAF-type stars, despite the irregular cadence and low light curve precision of order a few mmag. With the considerably more precise TESS photometry, we revisit these candidate pulsators to conclusively ascertain the nature of their variability. We seek to re-classify the Gaia light curves with the first two years of TESS photometry for a sample of 58,970 p- and g- mode pulsators, encompassing gamma Dor, delta Scuti, SPB, and beta Cep variables. We also supply four new catalogues containing the confirmed pulsators, along with their dominant and secondary pulsation frequencies, the number of independent mode frequencies, and a ranking according to their usefulness for future asteroseismic ensemble analysis. We find that the Gaia photometry is exceptionally accurate for detecting the dominant and secondary frequencies, reaching approximately 80% accuracy in frequency for p- and g-mode pulsators. The majority of Gaia classifications are consistent with the classifications from the TESS data, illustrating the power of the low-cadence Gaia photometry for pulsation studies. We find that the sample of g-mode pulsators forms a continuous group of variable stars along the main sequence across B, A, and F spectral types, implying that the mode excitation mechanisms for all these pulsators need to be updated with improved physics. Finally, we provide a rank-ordered table of pulsators according to their asteroseismic potential for follow-up studies. Our catalogue offers a major increase in the number of confirmed gravity-mode pulsators with an identified dominant mode suitable for follow-up TESS ensemble asteroseismology of such stars.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted to A&A
Spectral pre-processing for biomedical vibrational spectroscopy and microspectroscopic imaging
Creators: name: Lasch, Peter
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Biologische Sicherheit
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Infrared spectroscopy
subject: Spectral pre-processing
subject: Chemometrics
subject: Biomedical vibrational spectroscopy
subject: Raman spectroscopy
subject: Hyperspectral imaging
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Recent years have seen substantial progress toward the application of infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy as useful analytical tools in biomedical research. Vibrational spectroscopy, and (in particular) microspectroscopy, have been successfully applied to biomedical samples ranging from intact microorganisms, eukaryotic cells, body fluids, and tissues. The progress in the field was driven not only by technical developments but also by the effective implementation of modern concepts of spectral analysis. Pre-processing has been identified as an indispensable part of spectral data analysis. It involves, among others, outlier rejection, normalization, filtering, detrending, transformation, folding and feature selection. Goals of spectral pre-processing include better interpretability of the spectra, higher robustness and improved accuracy of subsequent quantitative or classification analysis. The aim of this review article is to explore the concepts and techniques of a variety of individual pre-processing methods and to discuss the applicability of different pre-processing techniques in the context of practical applications of biomedical IR or Raman spectroscopy. It is hoped that this article not only represents a useful guideline for beginners in the field of biomedical applications of vibrational spectroscopy, but serves also as a source of reference for more experienced spectroscopists.
II Paradigm ng Katawan-Isip-Espiritu - genetic emosyonal na walang malay na mga espirituwal na simbolo!: katutubong amerikano na mga tribo, Hawaiian Ho’omana, + katutubong Pilipinong mga tribong Ifugao panlipunang kaayusan (R Reyes) T'boli paniniwala
Creators: name: Peck Jr, Charles
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Philosophy, Philippine
subject: Filipinos--Psychology
subject: Filipinos
subject: Art, Philippine
subject: National characteristics, Philippine
subject: Filipino Americans--Social conditions
subject: Religious fundamentalism--Comparative studies
subject: Cognitive psychology
subject: Social cognitive theory
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Sa mga kultura ng Katutubong Amerikano, lumilitaw na may halos pangkalahatang pagtanggap sa konsepto ng "espiritu-buhay-puwersa" na likas sa mundo, kalikasan at mga tao, na laganap sa kultura ng Katutubong Amerikano. Halimbawa, tinanggap ng Sioux ang konsepto ng wakd o mahopa; ang Algonquin, ang ideya ng manitowi; ginamit ng Mahopa Shoshone ang salitang pukunt. Sa kabuuan ng mga tribong Iroquois, ang konsepto ay tinukoy sa iba't ibang paraan bilang orenna o karenna ng Mohawk, Cayuga, at Oneida, urente ng Tuscarora, at iarenda o orenda ng Huron. Ang Orenda (o orenna) ay isang Iroquois na pangalan para sa isang espirituwal na kapangyarihang likas sa mga tao at sa mundo. Ang mundo at kalikasan ay tiningnan bilang isang walang hanggang pakikibaka ng isang orenda laban sa iba. Ang papel ng orenda ay tiningnan sa paraang katulad ng tradisyon ng Judeo-Christian (pati na rin sa Islamic) kung saan ang Banal na espiritu ang pinagmulan at puwersa para sa propesiya, panghuhula, mga himala, pagpapala, panalangin, at pagsamba. Ang mga T'boli ay may katulad na pananaw. “Ang Fu, ang diwa ng lupa, ay may dalawahang katangian. Kung minsan ay mabait, na si Fu ay tutulong sa mga tao lalo na sa mga magsasaka sa pamamagitan ng pagpapala sa kanila ng masaganang ani o pagpapagaling sa maysakit na miyembro ng isang pamilya, masama, sa ibang pagkakataon, na si Fu ay nagdudulot ng sakit at sumisira ng mga pananim. Ang pag-unawa sa duality ng mga katangian ng espiritu ay nagbibigay ng paggalang sa bawat T'boli sa kapaligiran na umaabot sa iba't ibang elemento na nakikipag-ugnayan dito. Sa katunayan, ang mga puno, hayop, at tubig ay hindi itinuturing na mga elemento lamang kundi iba pang espirituwal na [nabubuhay] na mga nilalang.
Additional file 1 of Improving tobacco social contagion models using agent-based simulations on networks
Creators: name: Prabhakaran, Adarsh
name: Restocchi, Valerio
name: Goddard, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. S1–S8 appendices.
Radiative and mechanical energies in galaxies I. Contributions of molecular shocks and PDRs in 3C 326 N
Creators: name: Villa-Vélez, J. A.
name: Godard, B.
name: Guillard, P.
name: Forêts, G. Pineau des
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Atomic and molecular lines in galaxies offer insights into energy budgets and feedback mechanisms. Aims: This study establishes a new framework for interpreting these lines and deducing energy budgets from observations. Methods: Atomic and molecular lines detected in a given object are assumed to result from the combination of distributions of shocks and photo-dissociation regions (PDR). Using the Paris-Durham shock code and the Meudon PDR code, emissions are computed over a wide range of parameters. Total emissions are calculated using probability distribution functions, with a defined distance metric based on observed and predicted intensity ratios. Results: We analyze the radio galaxy 3C 326 N, finding both shocks and PDRs necessary to explain the line fluxes. Viable solutions occur only at low densities ($\rm n_H < 100 cm^{-3}$), indicating emission from diffuse interstellar matter. The optimal solution involves low-velocity shocks (5-20 km/s) in PDRs illuminated by UV radiation ten times stronger than in the solar neighborhood. The H$2$ 0-0 S(0) $28 μ$m, [CII] $158 μ$m, and [OI] $63 μ$m lines originate from PDRs, while other H$2$ lines mostly come from shocks. The reprocessed radiative and mechanical energies are $\rm {L_{UV} = 6.3\times10^9 L\odot}$ and $\rm {L_K = 3.9\times10^8 L_\odot}$, respectively, in agreement with 3C 326 N's infrared luminosity, and consistent with 1% of the AGN jet kinetic power dissipated in the interstellar medium. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the radiative and mechanical energy budgets of galaxies can be derived from observations of atomic and molecular lines alone. It highlights the unexpected importance of the diffuse medium for 3C 326 N. Comparison with new JWST data for 3C 326 N shows striking agreement, opening new prospects for predicting and interpreting extragalactic observations.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 22 pages, 15 figures
Swarm intelligence for full Stokes dynamic imaging reconstruction of interferometric data
Creators: name: Mus, Alejandro
name: Müller, Hendrik
name: Lobanov, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) the combination of multiple antennas permits the synthesis of a virtual telescope with a larger diameter and consequently higher resolution than the individual antennae. Yet, due to the sparse nature of the array, recovering an image from the observed data is a challenging ill-posed inverse problem. The VLBI community is interested in not only recovering an image in total intensity from interferometric data, but also to obtain results in the polarimetric and the temporal domain. Only a few algorithms are able to work in all these domains simultaneously. In particular, the algorithms based on optimization that consider various penalty terms specific to static total intensity imaging, time-variability and polarimetry are restricted to grids the domain of the objective function. In this work we present a novel algorithm, multiobjective particle swarm optimization, that is able to recover the optimal weights without any space-gridding, and to obtain the marginal contribution of each the playing terms. To this end, we utilize multiobjective optimization together with particle swarm metaheuristics. We let the swarm of weights to converge together to the best position. We evaluate our algorithm with representative synthetic data sets focused on the instrumental configuration of the Event Horizon Telescope Collaboration and its planned successors. We successfully recover the polarimetric, static and time-dynamic signature of the ground truth movie, even with relative sparsity, and a set of realistic data corruptions. This is a novel, fast, weighting space gridding-free algorithm that successfully recovers static and dynamic polarimetric reconstructions. Compared to Regularized Maximum Likelihood methods, it avoids the need for parameter surveys, and it is not limited to the number of pixels such as recently proposed multiobjective imaging algorithms.
description: Accepted in A&A
Jet Collimation and Acceleration in the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar 1928+738
Creators: name: Yi, Kunwoo
name: Park, Jongho
name: Nakamura, Masanori
name: Hada, Kazuhiro
name: Trippe, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using time-resolved multifrequency Very Long Baseline Array data and new KaVA (KVN and VERA Array) observations, we study the structure and kinematics of the jet of the flat spectrum radio quasar (FSRQ) 1928+738. We find two distinct jet geometries as function of distance from the central black hole, with the inner jet having a parabolic shape, indicating collimation, and the outer jet having a conical shape, indicating free expansion of the jet plasma. Jet component speeds display a gradual outward acceleration up to a bulk Lorentz factor $Γ_{\rm max} \approx10$, followed by a deceleration further downstream. The location of the acceleration zone matches the region where the jet collimation occurs; this is the first direct observation of an acceleration and collimation zone (ACZ) in an FSRQ. The ACZ terminates approximately at a distance of 5.6$\times 10^6$ gravitational radii, which is in good agreement with the sphere of gravitational influence of the supermassive black hole, implying that the physical extent of the ACZ is controlled by the black hole gravity. Our results suggest that confinement by an external medium is responsible for the jet collimation and that the jet is accelerated by converting Poynting flux energy to kinetic energy.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
II Paradigm ng Katawan-Isip-Espiritu - genetic emosyonal na walang malay na mga espirituwal na simbolo!: katutubong amerikano na mga tribo, Hawaiian Ho'omana, + katutubong Pilipinong mga tribong Ifugao panlipunang kaayusan (R Reyes) T'boli paniniwala
Creators: name: Peck Jr, Charles
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Filipino Americans--Social conditions
subject: Cognitive psychology
subject: National characteristics, Philippine
subject: Art, Philippine
subject: Religious fundamentalism--Comparative studies
subject: Social cognitive theory
subject: Philosophy, Philippine
subject: Filipinos--Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Filipinos

description: Sa mga kultura ng Katutubong Amerikano, lumilitaw na may halos pangkalahatang pagtanggap sa konsepto ng "espiritu-buhay-puwersa" na likas sa mundo, kalikasan at mga tao, na laganap sa kultura ng Katutubong Amerikano. Halimbawa, tinanggap ng Sioux ang konsepto ng wakd o mahopa; ang Algonquin, ang ideya ng manitowi; ginamit ng Mahopa Shoshone ang salitang pukunt. Sa kabuuan ng mga tribong Iroquois, ang konsepto ay tinukoy sa iba't ibang paraan bilang orenna o karenna ng Mohawk, Cayuga, at Oneida, urente ng Tuscarora, at iarenda o orenda ng Huron. Ang Orenda (o orenna) ay isang Iroquois na pangalan para sa isang espirituwal na kapangyarihang likas sa mga tao at sa mundo. Ang mundo at kalikasan ay tiningnan bilang isang walang hanggang pakikibaka ng isang orenda laban sa iba. Ang papel ng orenda ay tiningnan sa paraang katulad ng tradisyon ng Judeo-Christian (pati na rin sa Islamic) kung saan ang Banal na espiritu ang pinagmulan at puwersa para sa propesiya, panghuhula, mga himala, pagpapala, panalangin, at pagsamba.
Ang mga T'boli ay may katulad na pananaw. "Ang Fu, ang diwa ng lupa, ay may dalawahang katangian. Kung minsan ay mabait, na si Fu ay tutulong sa mga tao lalo na sa mga magsasaka sa pamamagitan ng pagpapala sa kanila ng masaganang ani o pagpapagaling sa maysakit na miyembro ng isang pamilya, masama, sa ibang pagkakataon, na si Fu ay nagdudulot ng sakit at sumisira ng mga pananim. Ang pag-unawa sa duality ng mga katangian ng espiritu ay nagbibigay ng paggalang sa bawat T'boli sa kapaligiran na umaabot sa iba't ibang elemento na nakikipag-ugnayan dito. Sa katunayan, ang mga puno, hayop, at tubig ay hindi itinuturing na mga elemento lamang kundi iba pang espirituwal na [nabubuhay] na mga nilalang.
Blueberry galaxies up to 200 Mpc and their optical and infrared properties
Creators: name: Kouroumpatzakis, K.
name: Svoboda, J.
name: Zezas, A.
name: Borkar, A.
name: Kyritsis, E.
name: Boorman, P. G.
name: Daoutis, C.
name: Adamcová, B.
name: Grossová, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dwarf highly star-forming galaxies (SFGs) dominated the early Universe and are considered the main driver of its reionization. However, direct observations of these distant galaxies are mainly confined to rest-frame ultraviolet and visible light, limiting our understanding of their complete properties. Therefore, it is still paramount to study their local analogs, the green pea (GP) and blueberry (BB) galaxies. This work aims to expand our knowledge of BBs by identifying a new sample that is closer and in the southern sky. In addition to the already known BBs, this new sample will allow for a statistically significant study of their properties probed by visible and infrared (IR) light. By utilizing the HECATE catalog, which provides photometry and characterization of galaxies, along with data from Pan-STARSS and SDSS, this study selects and analyzes a new sample of BBs. We employed spectral energy distribution fitting to derive homogeneous measurements of star-formation rates and stellar masses. Additionally, we measured emission-line fluxes, including $\rm HeII~λ4686$, through spectral fitting. Through this work, we identified 48 BBs, of which 40 were first recognized as such, with the nearest at 19~Mpc. 14 of the BBs are in the south sky. The BBs tend to be extremely IR red in both WISE $W1-W2$ and $W2-W3$ colors, distinguishing them from typical SFGs. Dwarf SFGs with higher specific star-formation rates tend to have redder IR colors. Blueberry galaxies stand out as the most intensely star-forming sources in the local Universe among dwarf galaxies. They exhibit unique characteristics, such as being intrinsically bluer in visible light, redder in the infrared, and less massive. They also have higher specific star-formation rates, equivalent widths, lower metallicities, and the most strongly ionized interstellar medium compared to typical SFGs and GPs.
description: 18 pages, 11 + 4 (appendix) figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics on 2024-05-02. Updated to match the published version
Mitigating Ambiguity in Requirements for Enhanced Precision in Payment Application Development within the Payments Industry
Creators: name: Mooghala, Sridhar
name: Mooghala, Sridhar
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2022

description: The adoption of new technologies and the growing complexity of payment transactions promote a rapid transformation of the payments sector, which is currently in the midst of this transformation. Consequently, the demand for increased precision in developing payment applications is increasing. Despite this, there is still a significant amount of uncertainty in the standards, which can result in misunderstandings, delays, and increased costs. In this research, we investigate the factors contributing to ambiguity in payment application requirements and suggest an approach for limiting the associated risks.
Strategic Technical Debt Management: An In-depth Analysis of its Consequences and Mitigation Strategies in the Financial Industry
Creators: name: Mooghala, Sridhar
name: Mooghala, Sridhar
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2022

description: This research looks into the important area of "Strategic Technical Debt Management" in software programs and shows how it has big effects on the complicated financial industry. This paper also takes a close look at how technical debt affects the quality, maintainability, and speed of software, focusing on how it affects economic systems. Adding graphs, tables, charts, and pictures to a story makes it better by making complicated ideas easier to understand. Real-life case studies from the banking sector give us concrete information and show us more effective methods. This paper is meant to make a big contribution to the conversation about strategic technical debt. It is aimed at both practitioners and academics and will be published in reputable journals.
Enhancing Financial Services: Leveraging Third-party APIs for FinTech Innovation
Creators: name: Mooghala, Sridhar
name: Mooghala, Sridhar
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2022

description: The study examines how third-party APIs have changed banking technology and how banks run their businesses. Fintech has changed over time as customers' needs have changed, showing how important third-party APIs are for fostering new ideas. The study is mostly about how these APIs can be used, like making payment systems better, giving real-time market info, and showing how to work together well, like IG.com and TradingView did. According to the study, APIs have improved regarding how customers feel and how efficiently things are run. The study also discusses how third-party APIs are important for the fintech business to improve and build banking services and the risks that might happen while integrating API into the fintech industry.
Utilizing the Spring Framework for Seamless Integration in Payment Ecosystems
Creators: name: Mooghala, Sridhar
name: Mooghala, Sridhar
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2021

description: This study will examine the complex topic of mixing the Spring Framework with fee websites and how this new technology can exchange matters. The critical part is the Spring Framework, famous for being flexible and user-friendly while making Java-based apps. The research will closely examine Spring Integration, designed to address lightweight app messaging. The study also explores the asynchronous, message-pushed conduct made viable via Spring Integration, specializing in how critical its miles are within the continuously converting global payment systems. The fundamental factor of this observation is to carefully review previous research that discusses the pros and cons of adding the Spring framework to payment systems. By looking carefully at cases from actual existence and using facts from dependable assets, the hope will give the readers an entire image of what integration of Spring Framework to payments indicates in real life.
Years of potential life lost for six major enteric pathogens, Germany, 2004–2008
Creators: name: Werber, Dirk
name: Hille, Katja
name: Frank, Christina
name: Dehnert, Manuel
name: Altmann, Doris
name: Müller-Nordhorn, J.
name: Koch, Judith
name: Stark, Klaus
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: epidemiology
subject: Enteric bacteria
subject: gastrointestinal infections
subject: mortality
subject: vital statistics
subject: 610 Medizin

description: In industrialized countries, acute infectious enteric diseases are usually mild, but they can also cause death. They do so, however, at different ages. Using 2004–2008 German notification data, we computed and compared crude and premature mortality [three different measures of years of potential life lost (YPLL)] of illnesses caused by Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, norovirus, rotavirus, non-typhoidal Salmonella spp., and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). Among ∼1·5 million notified illnesses, those caused by norovirus were the most frequent. The highest annual mortality was registered for salmonellosis (0·55/1 000 000 population), but listeriosis accounted for the highest number of YPLL (n=4245). Disregarding death at advanced age (i.e. >70 years), STEC illness (n=757) and rotavirus gastroenteritis (n=648) ranked second and third, following listeriosis (n=2306). Routine surveillance captures only a fraction of all incident cases and deaths, under-ascertaining the true burden of disease. Weighting death by age permits a different view on the disease burden individual enteric pathogens cause and particularly underscores the public health importance of listeriosis prevention.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and their risk factors in an informal settlement in Freetown, Sierra Leone: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Kamara, Ibrahim Franklyn
name: Tengbe, Sia Morenike
name: Bah, Abdulai Jawo
name: Nuwagira, Innocent
name: Ali, Desta Betula
name: Koroma, Fanny F.
name: Kamara, Rugiatu Z.
name: Lakoh, Sulaiman
name: Sesay, Santigie
name: Russell, James B. W.
name: Theobald, Sally
name: Lyons, Mary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
A culture of leadership based on trust: The significance of distributed leadership for sustaining quality in highly effective turn-around schools in England
Creators: name: Bernhard, Roland
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Educational leadership
subject: Education

description: It is now widely known that many state schools in the most socio-economically challenged areas of London have seen dramatic improvements in the attainment of pupils over the last twenty years. Academic research has highlighted outstanding school leadership by individuals and teams as being among the various factors that fed into these marked and rapid improvements, now labelled the ‘London Effect’. In the course of a large-scale research project funded by the Austrian Science Fund, we visited highly effective schools in difficult locations in London and other English regions to interview their leadership staff on their views of the factors influencing their schools’ success and their approaches to their leadership remits. 22 of the 43 leaders interviewed worked in schools that experienced a radical ‘turnaround’, that is, a strong trajectory of improvement from an initially unacceptable level, in the years prior to the interview. This paper explores distributed or shared leadership, a concept that made repeated  appearances in the interviewees’ comments on effective school leadership. Among the factors many of these leaders perceived as instrumental to their school's improvement and current success is the existence or creation of leadership structures which empower teachers to take on roles of responsibility and to draw up and implement school development schemes with a degree of autonomy.
sj-pdf-2-jsa-10.1177_14696053211016628 - Supplemental material for Esparto crafting under empire: Local technology and imperial industry in Roman Iberia
Creators: name: Gosner, Linda R
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-jsa-10.1177_14696053211016628 for Esparto crafting under empire: Local technology and imperial industry in Roman Iberia by Linda R Gosner in Journal of Social Archaeology
Automated AI Model Generator for Self-Learning Expansion
Creators: name: Krishnakumar Kannan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This system fully automates the detection, creation, training, and integration of AI models, ensuring AI continuously expands its knowledge without human intervention. By leveraging Machine Thought Language (MTL), structured knowledge graphs, and self-learning techniques, the AI autonomously identifies gaps, generates domain-specific models, and integrates them into a cross-functional AI ecosystem
Atypical Chikungunya virus infections: clinical manifestations, mortality and risk factors for severe disease during the 2005–2006 outbreak on Réunion
Creators: name: Economopoulou, A.
name: Dominguez, M.
name: Helynck, B.
name: Sissoko, D.
name: Wichmann, Ole
name: Quenel, P.
name: Germonneau, P.
name: Quatresous, I.
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: outbreak
subject: Chikungunya virus
subject: clinical manifestations
subject: Réunion
subject: severity
subject: 610 Medizin

description: In April 2005, an outbreak of Chikungunya fever occurred on the island of Réunion in the Indian Ocean. During winter 2005, six patients developed meningoencephalitis and acute hepatitis due to Chikungunya virus. Our objectives were to determine the incidence and mortality of atypical Chikungunya viral infections and to identify risk factors for severe disease. A hospital-based surveillance system was established to collect data on atypical Chikungunya cases. Case reports, medical records and laboratory results were reviewed and analysed. We defined an atypical case as one in which a patient with laboratory-confirmed Chikungunya virus infection developed symptoms other than fever and arthralgia. We defined a severe atypical case as one which required maintenance of at least one vital function. We recorded 610 atypical cases of Chikungunya fever: 222 were severe cases, 65 affected patients died. Five hundred and forty-six cases had underlying medical conditions (of which 226 suffered from cardiovascular, 147 from neurological and 150 from respiratory disorders). Clinical features that had never been associated with Chikungunya fever were recorded, such as bullous dermatosis, pneumonia, and diabetes mellitus. Hypertension, and underlying respiratory or cardiological conditions were independent risk factors for disease severity. The overall mortality rate was 10·6% and it increased with age. This is the first time that severe cases and deaths due to Chikungunya fever have been documented. The information presented in this article may assist clinicians in identifying the disease, selecting the treatment strategy, and anticipating the course of illness.
Identification of the feline foamy virus Bet domain essential for APOBEC3 counteraction
Creators: name: Lukic, Dragana Slavkovic
name: Hotz-Wagenblatt, Agnes
name: Lei, Janet
name: Räthe, Ann-Mareen
name: Mühle, Michael
name: Denner, Joachim
name: Münk, Carsten
name: Löchelt, Martin
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: APOBEC3
subject: Retrovirus
subject: Foamy virus
subject: Antiviral restriction factors
subject: Bet protein
subject: Host-virus interaction
subject: Virus defence protein
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: APOBEC3 (A3) proteins restrict viral replication by cytidine deamination of viral DNA genomes and impairing reverse transcription and integration. To escape this restriction, lentiviruses have evolved the viral infectivity factor (Vif), which binds A3 proteins and targets them for proteolytic degradation. In contrast, foamy viruses (FVs) encode Bet proteins that allow replication in the presence of A3, apparently by A3 binding and/or sequestration, thus preventing A3 packaging into virions and subsequent restriction. Due to a long-lasting FV-host coevolution, Bet proteins mainly counteract restriction by A3s from their cognate or highly related host species. Results: Through bioinformatics, we identified conserved motifs in Bet, all localized in the bel2 exon. In line with the localization of these conserved motifs within bel2, this part of feline FV (FFV) Bet has been shown to be essential for feline A3 (feA3) inactivation and feA3 protein binding. To study the function of the Bet motifs in detail, we analyzed the ability of targeted deletion, substitution, and chimeric FFV-PFV (prototype FV) Bet mutants to physically bind and/or inactivate feA3. Binding of Bet to feA3Z2b is sensitive to mutations in the first three conserved motifs and N- and C-terminal deletions and substitutions across almost the complete bel2 coding sequence. In contrast, the Bel1 (also designated Tas) domain of Bet is dispensable for basal feA3Z2b inactivation and binding but mainly increases the steady state level of Bet. Studies with PFV Bel1 and full-length FFV Bel2 chimeras confirmed the importance of Bel2 for A3 inactivation indicating that Bel1 is dispensable for basal feA3Z2b inactivation and binding but increases Bet stability. Moreover, the bel1/tas exon may be required for expression of a fully functional Bet protein from a spliced transcript. Conclusions: We show that the Bel2 domain of FV Bet is essential for the inactivation of APOBEC3 cytidine deaminase restriction factors. The Bel1/Tas domain increases protein stability and can be exchanged by related sequence. Since feA3 binding and inactivation by Bet are highly correlated, the data support the view that FV Bet prevents A3-mediated restriction of viral replication by creating strong complexes with these proteins.
Toward a Georeferencing Commons: A Crowdsourcing Case Study and the Creation of OldInsuranceMaps.net
Creators: name: Cox, Adam
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Historical geography--Maps
subject: Crowdsourcing
subject: Open source software

description: As institutional archives digitize their historical map collections and make them publicly available online, researchers and members of the public can pursue new methods of engagement with the materials. Certain transformations, like “georeferencing” wherein a scanned map image is turned into a geospatial raster dataset, can be time-consuming and difficult to automate, but do lend themselves to crowdsourcing, a well-accepted means by which archival processing and public engagement can be carried out in concert. Inspired by the concept of an archival commons, this article recounts the design, creation, and public participation period of a new web-based, crowdsourced georeferencing platform—something like a georeferencing commons. This work took place as a masters thesis project through 2021 and 2022, and the result continues to grow and evolve as OldInsuranceMaps.net, a public space for georeferencing historical fire insurance maps from the Library of Congress digital Sanborn Map collection. While the initial iteration of this project was built from GeoNode and GeoServer, and focused on maps of Louisiana, this article concludes with significant updates on the platform, and how it is being used by institutions and individuals well outside of Louisiana today.
Morphological Evidence for the eROSITA Bubbles Being Giant and Distant Structures
Creators: name: Liu, Teng
name: Merloni, Andrea
name: Sanders, Jeremy
name: Ponti, Gabriele
name: Strong, Andrew
name: Yeung, Michael
name: Locatelli, Nicola
name: Predehl, Peter
name: Zheng, Xueying
name: Sasaki, Manami
name: Freyberg, Michael
name: Dennerl, Konrad
name: Becker, Werner
name: Nandra, Kirpal
name: Mayer, Martin
name: Buchner, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two contradictory views of the eROSITA bubbles: either a 10 kpc-scale pair of giant bubbles blown by the Galactic center (GC), or a 100 pc-scale local structure coincidentally located in the direction of GC. A key element of this controversy is the distance to the bubbles. Based on the 3D dust distribution in the Galactic plane, we found three isolated, distant (500-800 pc) clouds at intermediate Galactic latitudes. Their projected morphologies perfectly match the X-ray shadows on the defining features of the north eROSITA bubble, i.e., the North Polar Spur (NPS) and the Lotus Petal Cloud (LPC), indicating that both the NPS and LPC are distant with a distance lower limit of nearly 1kpc. In the X-ray dark region between the NPS and LPC, we found a few polarized radio arcs and attributed them to the bubble's shock front. These arcs match up perfectly with the outer border of the NPS and LPC and provide a way to define the bubble's border. The border defined in this way can be well described by the line-of-sight tangent of a 3D skewed cup model rooted in the GC. We conclude that, instead of being two independent, distant features, NPS and LPC compose a single, giant bubble, which, therefore, is most plausibly a 10-kpc scale bubble rooted at the GC.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL. 11 pages, 5 figures
Optimal Baseline Corrections for Off-Policy Contextual Bandits
Creators: name: Gupta, Shashank
name: Jeunen, Olivier
name: Oosterhuis, Harrie
name: de Rijke, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The off-policy learning paradigm allows for recommender systems and general ranking applications to be framed as decision-making problems, where we aim to learn decision policies that optimize an unbiased offline estimate of an online reward metric. With unbiasedness comes potentially high variance, and prevalent methods exist to reduce estimation variance. These methods typically make use of control variates, either additive (i.e., baseline corrections or doubly robust methods) or multiplicative (i.e., self-normalisation). Our work unifies these approaches by proposing a single framework built on their equivalence in learning scenarios. The foundation of our framework is the derivation of an equivalent baseline correction for all of the existing control variates. Consequently, our framework enables us to characterize the variance-optimal unbiased estimator and provide a closed-form solution for it. This optimal estimator brings significantly improved performance in both evaluation and learning, and minimizes data requirements. Empirical observations corroborate our theoretical findings.
Zunehmende Unterschiede im subjektiven Gesundheitszustand zwischen den Einkommensschichten
Creators: name: Kroll, Lars Eric
name: Lampert, Thomas
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Soziale Unterschiede in der Gesundheit und Lebenserwartung werden in den letzten Jahren verstärkt diskutiert. Ungeachtet eines hohen allgemeinen Wohlstandsniveaus und einer gut ausgebauten medizinischen Versorgung der Bevölkerungen bestehen in den meisten europäischen Wohlfahrtsstaaten weiterhin ausgeprägte, sozial strukturierte Ungleichheiten in der Gesundheit und Lebenserwartung (Mackenbach 2006, Mielck 2005). Bisher gibt es allerdings nur wenige Studien, die Aussagen zur Entwicklung gesundheitlicher Ungleichheiten zulassen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird auf Basis der Daten des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP 1994-2007) für Deutschland untersucht, ob sich soziale Ungleichheiten in der Gesundheit ausgeweitet haben.
Body-Mind-Spirit Paradigm - Genetic Emotion-Charged Unconscious Spiritual Symbols!: Native American tribes, Hawaiian Ho’omana, + indigenous Filipino tribes   Ifugao social order (R Reyes) T'boli beliefs + Filipino Kapwa (shared-identity) & Ginhawa,
Creators: name: Peck Jr, Charles
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Indigenous peoples
subject: Blaan (Philippine people)
subject: Tboli (Philippine people)
subject: Indians of North America
subject: Spirituality
subject: Spirituality--Christianity
subject: New Age movement
subject: Ethnology
subject: Culture
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Among Native American cultures, there appears to have been a nearly universal acceptance of the concept of “spirit-life-force” intrinsic to the world, nature and people, pervasive in the Native American culture. For instance, the Sioux embraced the concept of wakd or mahopa; the Algonquin, the idea of manitowi; the Mahopa Shoshone used the word pukunt. Across the Iroquois tribes, the concept was referred to variously as orenna or karenna by the Mohawk, Cayuga, and Oneida, urente by the Tuscarora, and iarenda or orenda by the Huron. Orenda (or orenna) is an Iroquois name for a spiritual power intrinsic to people and the world. The world and nature were viewed as an eternal struggle of one orenda against others. The role of orenda was viewed in ways similar to the Judeo-Christian tradition (as well as Islamic) in which the Holy spirit was the source and force for prophecy, divination, miracles, blessing, prayer, and worship. The T’boli had similar views. “Fu, the spirit of the land, has a dual character. At times benevolent, that Fu would help people especially farmers by blessing them with bountiful harvests or healing the sick member of a family, malevolent, in other times, that Fu causes illness and destroys crops. Understanding on the duality of the spirit’s characteristics gives each T’boli reverence to the environment that extends to the different elements that communes with it. In fact, trees, animals, and water are not considered as mere elements but other spiritual [living] entities.  This belief system guides them to commune with nature and all entities that co-exist from it. From this belief, they anchor their respect and regard to all things that exist. They conserve, protect, and manage their natural resources like how they treat their relationship to each other.
sj-pdf-1-cvd-10.1177_20480040211027792 - Supplemental material for Ruptured infected popliteal artery aneurysm treated with endovascular therapy: A case report
Creators: name: Kojima, Shunsuke
name: Nakama, Tatsuya
name: Obunai, Kotaro
name: Watanabe, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cardiology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-cvd-10.1177_20480040211027792 for Ruptured infected popliteal artery aneurysm treated with endovascular therapy: A case report by Shunsuke Kojima, Tatsuya Nakama, Kotaro Obunai and Hiroyuki Watanabe in JRSM Cardiovascular Disease
sj-docx-1-tab-10.1177_1759720X211024828 – Supplemental material for Gastrointestinal involvement and its association with the risk for nephritis in IgA vasculitis
Creators: name: Sestan, Mario
name: Kifer, Nastasia
name: Frkovic, Marijan
name: Sapina, Matej
name: Srsen, Sasa
name: Batnozic Varga, Mateja
name: Ovuka, Aleksandar
name: Held, Martina
name: Gudelj Gracanin, Ana
name: Kozmar, Ana
name: Bulimbasic, Stela
name: Coric, Marijana
name: Laskarin, Gordana
name: Gagro, Alenka
name: Jelusic, Marija
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-tab-10.1177_1759720X211024828 for Gastrointestinal involvement and its association with the risk for nephritis in IgA vasculitis by Mario Sestan, Nastasia Kifer, Marijan Frkovic, Matej Sapina, Sasa Srsen, Mateja Batnozic Varga, Aleksandar Ovuka, Martina Held, Ana Gudelj Gracanin, Ana Kozmar, Stela Bulimbasic, Marijana Coric, Gordana Laskarin, Alenka Gagro and Marija Jelusic in Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease
sj-pdf-1-tar-10.1177_17534666211028077 – Supplemental material for Clinical effectiveness of convalescent plasma in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel
name: González-Villoria, Ruth Ana María
name: Elizondo, María Vanesa
name: Osorio, Anel Yaneli Nicolás
name: Martínez, David Gómez
name: Coca, Silvia Mercedes
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-tar-10.1177_17534666211028077 for Clinical effectiveness of convalescent plasma in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga, Ruth Ana María González-Villoria, María Vanesa Elizondo, Anel Yaneli Nicolás Osorio, David Gómez Martínez and Silvia Mercedes Coca in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
sj-pdf-3-tar-10.1177_17534666211028077 – Supplemental material for Clinical effectiveness of convalescent plasma in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel
name: González-Villoria, Ruth Ana María
name: Elizondo, María Vanesa
name: Osorio, Anel Yaneli Nicolás
name: Martínez, David Gómez
name: Coca, Silvia Mercedes
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-tar-10.1177_17534666211028077 for Clinical effectiveness of convalescent plasma in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga, Ruth Ana María González-Villoria, María Vanesa Elizondo, Anel Yaneli Nicolás Osorio, David Gómez Martínez and Silvia Mercedes Coca in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease