A San Pedro Phase Agricultural Field and Early Ceramic Period Occupations in the Middle Santa Cruz Valley, Southern Arizona: Investigations at the Stewart Brickyard and Rillito Loop Sites
Creators: name: Brin, Adam
Publisher: name: Desert Archaeology, Inc.
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Marana, AZ
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/80031/marana-az
subject: Middle Santa Cruz River Valley
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/54246/middle-santa-cruz-river-valley
subject: Interstate 10
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/80615/interstate-10
subject: Pima (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/7353/pima-county
subject: Southern Arizona
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76716/southern-arizona
subject: Arizona (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/79515/arizona-state-territory
subject: Early Agricultural period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/158/early-agricultural-period
subject: San Pedro phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/195/san-pedro-phase
subject: Agua Caliente phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/6391/agua-caliente-phase
subject: Tortolita Phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/6025/tortolita-phase
subject: Early Ceramic period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5978/early-ceramic-period
subject: Mid 20th Century
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/3964/mid-20th-century
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: AZ AA:12:961 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89806/az-aa12961-asm
subject: Cortaro Fan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89808/cortaro-fan
subject: Stewart Brickyard site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89807/stewart-brickyard-site
subject: AZ AA:12:252 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89810/az-aa12252-asm
subject: Rillito Loop
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89809/rillito-loop
subject: AZ AA:12:256 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89812/az-aa12256-asm
subject: AZ AA:12:486 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89811/az-aa12486-asm
subject: AZ AA:12:51 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/89813/az-aa1251-asm
subject: Well
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/527/well
subject: Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/272/resource-extraction-production-transportation-structure-or-features
subject: Agricultural or Herding
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/273/agricultural-or-herding
subject: Trash Deposit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/946/trash-deposit
subject: Canal or Canal Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/275/canal-or-canal-feature
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: planting bed
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/467/planting-bed
subject: Artifact Scatter
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/340/artifact-scatter
subject: Hearth
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/343/hearth
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/357/roasting-pit-oven-horno
subject: Pit House / Earth Lodge
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/263/pit-house-earth-lodge
subject: Historic Pits
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/2411/historic-pits
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Dating Sample
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/3/dating-sample
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Fire Cracked Rock
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/5/fire-cracked-rock
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Radiocarbon Dating
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135975/radiocarbon-dating
subject: Petrographic Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/4090/petrographic-analysis
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing

description: Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) proposed widening Interstate 10 (I-10) in northern Pima County, Arizona. Desert Archaeology, Inc., was contracted to mitigate the potential effects construction would have on significant cultural resources. A phased data recovery program was completed that addressed construction impacts at five archaeological sites along the l-10 corridor. Phase 1, exploratory trenching, tested for subsurface deposits at AZ AA:12:51 (ASM), AA:12:252 (ASM), AZ AA:12:486 (ASM), and AZ AA:12:256 (ASM). Cultural deposits were not identified in the project area at AA:12:486 or AA:12:256, and these two sites were excluded from further work. Phase 2 investigations, consisting of horizontal mechanical stripping and hand-excavation, mitigated the remaining two sites and revealed a canal complex recorded as AZ AA:12:961 (ASM). Results as a whole for the project area indicate a sequence of small, dispersed activity locales, which were occupied intermittently over an exceedingly long duration of time. AA:12:252 included a small, limited-activity area consisting of clustered pits that date from the Agua Caliente phase to the Tortolita phase. Components at AA:12:51 are not dissimilar, and indicate occupations perhaps as early as the unnamed phase, with reoccupations during the San Pedro, Tortolita and Early Rincon phases. Environmental and subsistence data, artifacts, and features were generally infrequent at the investigated sites, making interpretations tenuous. The most significant finding was a San Pedro phase irrigated field system and associated canals, AA:12:961, at AA:12:51. Multiple crops were grown during a limited interval, and the structure of the field demonstrates a high degree of irrigation competency.