Anastrepha pseudorobusta Norrbom & Korytkowski 2009, new species
Creators: name: Norrbom, Allen L.
name: Korytkowski, Cheslavo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Anastrepha
Anastrepha pseudorobusta

description: Anastrepha pseudorobusta, new species   
Figs. 16, 54, 87–88, 134–136, 160, 180  
 Anastrepha robusta Greene 1934: 144 [in part, Venezuelan specimen]; Caraballo 1981: 136.   
 Anastrepha pseudorobusta Norrbom 1985: 144 [nomen nudum; wing, aculeus tip]; Korytkowski 1997: 67 [nomen nudum; in key]; Korytkowski 2004: 63 [nomen nudum; in key].   
 Diagnosis. Anastrepha pseudorobusta is similar to A. jamaicensis, A. nigrifascia, and A. simulans in having the C-band and S-band connected, vein M strongly curved apically, the S-band largely orange in cells br and dm-cu, and the aculeus straight and between 1–3 mm long with a nonserrate, awl-shaped tip about as broad in lateral view as in ventral view and between 0.2–0.4 mm long, 2.5–4.5 times as long as wide. It differs from those three species in having the aculeus tip longer (0.33–0.39 mm long vs. 0.22–0.27 in the other species). It further differs from A. jamaicensis and A. simulans in having only one distal row of large hooklike denticles on the eversible membrane, and from A. nigrifascia in having the scutum entirely microtrichose and the proximal arm of the V-band not interrupted nor constricted in cell r 4+5. In the key of Steyskal (1977) it runs to p. 29 but not well to any of the species on that page. It differs from all of them by the combination of the aculeus less than 2.3 mm long, the subscutellum and mediotergite without lateral dark brown marks, and the S-band and V-band connected.   
 Description. Mostly yellow to orange, with white to pale yellow markings. Setae red brown to dark brown.   
Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 3–5 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, at most twice as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, slightly concave to slightly convex (usually straight) dorsally and medially. Antenna extended 0.60–0.75 distance to ventral facial margin.  
Thorax (Fig. 16): Mostly yellow to orange with following areas white or pale yellow (not always well differentiated in dried specimens): postpronotal lobe; inverted T-shaped medial vitta, sometimes diffuse or reduced to quadrate posterior area extended laterally to dorsocentral seta; paired sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including intra-alar seta; entire scutellum; dorsal margin of anepisternum; dorsal margin of katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Posterior margin of scutum usually with dark orange to orange brown band, slightly darker than other orange parts of scutum (fainter in Venezuelan and Peruvian females), with more or less straight anterior margin, not extended to acrostichal seta, ending laterally at sublateral white vitta, not extended to intra-alar seta. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum 3.9–4.2 mm long. Scutum entirely microtrichose; setulae yellow to orange, sometimes brownish laterally. Katepisternal seta weak, yellow to medium brown, at most 0.33 as large as anepimeral seta.  
 Wing (Fig. 54): Length 7.94–8.50 mm, width 3.0– 3.45 mm, ratio 2.36–2.65. Apex of vein R 1 at 0.54–0.56 wing length. Cell c 1.15–1.38 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.25–3.66 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 without sharp bends or undulations. Crossvein r-m at 0.62–0.67 distance from bm-cu to dm-cu on vein M. Vein M very strongly curved apically; cell r 4+5 0.68–0.84 times as wide at apex as at level of dm-cu. Cell bcu with distal lobe moderately long, length of bcu 1.63–1.73 times as long as anterior margin. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate brown. C-band mostly yellowish to orange; cell bc yellowish; cell c yellowish, base slightly darker, posteriorly sometimes with elongate subhyaline area; pterostigma mostly moderate brown; cells r 1, br, and r orange except posterior and distal margins partially narrowly moderate brown. Cband and S-band broadly connected along vein R 4+5, hyaline area in cell br moderately large, elongate, reaching vein R 4+5, 1.0–1.45 times as long as distal orange area of cell; cell dm with basal hyaline area moderately large. Basal half of S-band mostly orange with narrow brown margins in radial cells and distally in cell dm, proximal margin in cell dm orange; at least posterior half of part in cell cu 1 moderate brown; posterior margin with distinct incision in cell cu 1; distal section of band orange with brown margins, entirely brown in cell r 4+5; medium width to moderately broad, at apex of vein R 2+3 0.63–0.81 times width of cell r 2+3, slightly broadening in cell r 2+3, not extended to apex of vein M; hyaline area proximal to it ending at vein R 2+3 or occasionally (Trinidad male) extended slightly into cell r 1. Hyaline basomarginal spot in cell r 1 triangular, often narrow and/or with blunt apex, extended to R 4+5, its apex aligned proximal to crossvein r-m. V-band complete, mostly brown, connected, usually narrowly, to S-band in cell r 2+3; proximal arm with medial orange area bordering anterior half to entire length of dm-cu and extending to or beyond vein R 4+5; proximal arm slender anteriorly, gradually broadening posteriorly, with basal extension along wing margin, at level of vein M 1.25–1.50 times as wide as distal arm and 0.75–0.90 times as wide as hyaline area proximal to it in cells r 4+5 and dm; distal arm slender to moderately broad.   
 2+3   
Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings.  
 Male terminalia: Similar to A. nigrifascia. Lateral surstylus short, extended beyond prensisetae by ca. 0.5 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view with apex blunt or with posterodistal margin concave; in posterior view lateral and medial margins convex, apex blunt. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas connected but lateral areas separate dorsally. Phallus 3.50 mm long, 0.83 times as long as mesonotum; glans 0.40 mm long.   
Female terminalia: Oviscape 2.45–2.91 mm long, 0.60–0.71 times as long as mesonotum; entirely orange; spiracle at basal 0.32–0.41. Eversible membrane (Figs. 87–88) with 9–10 long hooklike dorsobasal scales in 1 row distal to similar number of small, stout scales. Aculeus (Figs. 134–136) straight or sometimes with base very weakly dorsally curved in lateral view, 2.00– 2.23 mm long; base strongly expanded, 0.25–0.27 mm wide; shaft 0.07–0.09 mm wide at midlength; tip (Figs. 160, 180) 0.33–0.39 mm long, 0.08–0.095 mm wide, 3.47–4.38 times as long as wide, 0.08–0.09 mm wide in lateral view, 1.0 times ventral width, in ventral view parallel-sided basally or slightly expanded subbasally, then gradually tapered, nonserrate. Spermathecae spherical.  
 Distribution. Anastrepha pseudorobusta is known from Trinidad, southeastern Venezuela (Bolívar), and Amazonian Peru (Madre de Dios).   
 Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species other than dates of capture of adults are unknown.   
 Type Data. Holotype female (USNM USNMENT00216167), TRINIDAD: area VII (coastal St. David or northcoastal St. Andrew Parish), trap #181, in sapodilla, 20 Dec 1989. Paratypes: PERU: Madre de Dios: Manu, Río Manu, Pakitza, 12°7'S 70°58'W, 250 m, 9–23 Sep 1988, A. Freidberg, 1♀ (USNM USNMENT00216334). TRINIDAD: area VI (southeastern St. George Parish), trap #179, in orange tree, 1990, 1♀ (USNM USNMENT00216242); area XVII (northeastern Victoria Parish), trap #349, in orange tree, 2 Apr 1990, 1♂ (USNM USNMENT00216232); area XV (southeastern Caroni Parish), trap #286, 10 Apr 1990, 1♂ (USNM USNMENT00216168). VENEZUELA: Bolívar: C. [Ciudad or Cerro?] Bolívar, 14 May 1898, Collection C. W. Johnson, paratype Anastrepha robusta Greene, 1♀ (MCZ USNMENT00216401).   
 Etymology. The name of this species is an adjective from the Greek pseudos (false) and the epithet of A. robusta, which this species resembles but is not most closely related.
description: Published as part of Norrbom, Allen L. & Korytkowski, Cheslavo A., 2009, A revision of the Anastrepha robusta species group (Diptera: Tephritidae) 2182, pp. 1-91 in Zootaxa 2182 (1) on pages 47-49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2182.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5316544