cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mechanobiology predicts raft formations triggered by ligand-receptor activity across the cell membrane
Creators: name: Carotenuto, A. R.
name: Lunghi, L.
name: Piccolo, V.
name: Babaei, M.
name: Dayal, K.
name: Pugno, N. M.
name: Zingales, M.
name: Deseri, L.
name: Fraldi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Clustering of ligand-binding receptors of different types on thickened isles of the cell membrane, namely lipid rafts, is an experimentally observed phenomenon. Although its influence on cell response is deeply investigated, the role of the coupling between mechanical processes and multiphysics involving the active receptors and the surrounding lipid membrane during ligand-binding has not yet been understood. Specifically, the focus of this work is on G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which regulate specific cell processes through chemical signalling pathways involving a synergistic balance between the cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) produced by active GPCRs in the intracellular environment and its efflux, mediated by Multidrug Resistance Proteins (MRPs) transporters. This paper develops a multiphysics approach based on the interplay among energetics, multiscale geometrical changes and mass balance of species, i.e. active GPCRs and MRPs, including diffusion and kinetics of binding and unbinding. Because the obtained energy depends upon both the kinematics and the changes of species densities, balance of mass and of linear momentum are coupled and govern the space-time evolution of the cell membrane. The mechanobiology involving remodelling and change of lipid ordering of the cell membrane allows to predict dynamics of transporters and active receptors -in agreement with experimentally observed cAMP levels- and how the latter trigger rafts formation and cluster on such sites. Within the current scientific debate on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and on the basis of the ascertained fact that lipid rafts often serve as an entry port for viruses, it is felt that approaches accounting for strong coupling among mechanobiological aspects could even turn helpful in better understanding membrane-mediated phenomena such as COVID-19 virus-cell interaction.
Marginal Deformations of N=4 SYM from Open/Closed Twistor Strings
Creators: name: Kulaxizi, Manuela
name: Zoubos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how the marginal deformations of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory (analysed in particular by Leigh and Strassler) arise within B-model topological string theory on supertwistor space CP(3|4). This is achieved by turning on a certain closed string background in the fermionic directions. Through a specific open/closed correlation function, this mode induces a correction to holomorphic Chern-Simons theory, corresponding to the self-dual part of the chiral operator added on the gauge theory side. The effect of the deformation is interpreted as non-anticommutativity between some of the odd coordinates of CP(3|4). Motivated by this, we extend the twistor formalism for calculating MHV amplitudes in N=4 SYM to these N=1 theories by introducing a suitable star product between the wavefunctions. We check that our prescription yields the expected results to linear order in the deformation parameter.
description: 1+29 pages. v2: Various typos corrected, minor clarifications
Die Kornkammer des Ostens blockiert ihre Markt- und Wachstumschancen
Creators: name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Belyaeva, Maria
name: Bobojonov, Ihtiyor
name: Djuric, Ivan
name: Götz, Linde
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Müller, Daniel
name: Perekhozhuk, Oleksandr
name: Petrick, Martin
name: Prehn, Sören
name: Prishchepov, Alexander
name: Renner, Swetlana
name: Schierhorn, Florian
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Belyaeva, Maria
name: Bobojonov, Ihtiyor
name: Djuric, Ivan
name: Götz, Linde
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Müller, Daniel
name: Perekhozhuk, Oleksandr
name: Petrick, Martin
name: Prehn, Sören
name: Prishchepov, Alexander
name: Renner, Swetlana
name: Schierhorn, Florian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: Der Kornkammer des Ostens, namentlich Russland, der Ukraine und Kasachstan, wird aufgrund riesiger Flächen- und Ertragspotenziale eine zunehmende Bedeutung für die Weltgetreidemärkte zugesprochen. Allerdings blockieren widersinnige Markt- und Handelspolitiken, anhaltende betriebliche Produktivitätslücken sowie Defizite in der Vermarktungsinfrastruktur nachhaltig die Realisierung von Produktions- und Marktpotenzialen. Voraussetzung für deren Realisierung wären eine Priorisierung marktkonformer und exportorientierter Politiken sowie massive Investitionen in die räumliche und betriebliche Infrastruktur. Des Weiteren wäre aktuell natürlich auch eine zügige Bewältigung der Krim-Krise erforderlich.
Spectroscopic Signatures of Electron-Phonon Coupling in Silicon-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
Creators: name: Liu, Albert
name: Cundiff, Steven T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vacancy centers in diamond have proven to be a viable solid-state platform for quantum coherent opto-electronic applications. Among the variety of vacancy centers, silicon-vacancy (SiV) centers have recently attracted much attention as an inversion-symmetric system that is less susceptible to electron-phonon interactions. Nevertheless, phonon-mediated processes still degrade the coherent properties of SiV centers, however characterizing their electron-phonon coupling is extremely challenging due to their weak spectroscopic signatures and remains an open experimental problem. In this paper we theoretically investigate signatures of electron-phonon coupling in simulated linear and nonlinear spectra of SiV centers. We demonstrate how even extremely weak electron-phonon interactions, such as in SiV centers, may be completely characterized via nonlinear spectroscopic techniques and even resolved between different fine-structure transitions.
The non-linear evolution of bispectrum from the scale-free N-body simulation
Creators: name: Hou, Y. H.
name: Jing, Y. P.
name: Zhao, D. H.
name: Börner, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have accurately measured the bispectrum for four scale-free models of structure formation with the spectral index $n=1$, 0, -1, and -2. The measurement is based on a new method that can effectively eliminate the alias and numerical artifacts, and reliably extend the analysis into the strongly non-linear regime. The work makes use of a set of state-of-the art N-body simulations that have significantly increased the resolution range compared with the previous studies on the subject. With these measured results, we demonstrated that the measured bispectrum depends on the shape and size of $k$-triangle even in the strongly nonlinear regime. It increases with wavenumber and decreases with the spectral index. These results are in contrast with the hypothesis that the reduced bispectrum is a constant in the strongly non-linear regime. We also show that the fitting formula of Scoccimarro & Frieman (1999) does not describe our simulation results well (with a typical error about 40 percent). In the end, we present a new fitting formula for the reduced bispectrum that is valid for $-2 \leq n \leq 0$ with a typical error of 10 percent only.
description: 33 pages, including 1 table, 14 figures, accepted by ApJ
Una aproximacion a los cercados y acotamientos de tierros en Extremadura a finales del siglo XVIII y principios del XIX: la puesta en vigor de la real cedula de 15 de junio de 1788
Creators: name: Salazar, Felipa Sanchez
name: Salazar, Felipa Sanchez
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Cercados
subject: acotamientos
subject: derrota de mieses
subject: derechos de propiedad
subject: Extremadura
subject: siglo XVII
subject: fences
subject: boundaries
subject: defeat of mieses
subject: ownership
subject: XVII century

description: Los cerramientos constituian para los titulares de fincas rusticas un requisto necesario para invertir a fin de lograr un aumento d la productividad. Pero cabe pregunatrse si esta era la veradera finalidad de quienes los impulsaban y cuales eran los obstaculos para llevarlos a cabo. En esta comunicacion intento dar respuesta a estas cuestiones y analizar, en un espacio concreto-Extremadura_, una de las medidas de reforma agraria ihustrada desatendida por la historiografia. He utilizado para llevar a cabo este estudio los expedientes que con motivo de la puesta en vigor de la realcedula de 15 de junio de 1788 se conservan en el Archivo Historico Nacional, Seccion de consejos...To fence the fields was a needed requirement from the field owners in order to obtain a productivity increase. But one could ask whether if this was really the intention behind and which ones were the barriers to bring it to success. This time I am trying to give an answer to these questions and to analyze specifically in Extremadura one of the measures of the agricultural reform which hasn't been paid attention by the historiography. In order to study this case I have use the records that are kept in the Archivo Historico Nacional, in the Council Section, where the Royal warrant of June 15th, 1788 is archived.
Scalable neural networks for the efficient learning of disordered quantum systems
Creators: name: Saraceni, N.
name: Cantori, S.
name: Pilati, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supervised machine learning is emerging as a powerful computational tool to predict the properties of complex quantum systems at a limited computational cost. In this article, we quantify how accurately deep neural networks can learn the properties of disordered quantum systems as a function of the system size. We implement a scalable convolutional network that can address arbitrary system sizes. This network is compared with a recently introduced extensive convolutional architecture [K. Mills et al., Chem. Sci. 10, 4129 (2019)] and with conventional dense networks with all-to-all connectivity. The networks are trained to predict the exact ground-state energies of various disordered systems, namely a continuous-space single-particle Hamiltonian for cold-atoms in speckle disorder, and different setups of a quantum Ising chain with random couplings, including one with only short-range interactions and one augmented with a long-range term. In all testbeds we consider, the scalable network retains high accuracy as the system size increases. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the network scalability enables a transfer-learning protocol, whereby a pre-training performed on small systems drastically accelerates the learning of large-system properties, allowing reaching high accuracy with small training sets. In fact, with the scalable network one can even extrapolate to sizes larger than those included in the training set, accurately reproducing the results of state-of-the-art quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Quasinormal modes, quantized black holes, and correspondence principle
Creators: name: Khriplovich, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contrary to the wide-spread belief, the correspondence principle does not dictate any relation between the asymptotics of quasinormal modes and the spectrum of quantized black holes. Moreover, this belief is in conflict with simple physical arguments.
description: 2 pages; a new argument added
Old Dualities and New Anomalies
Creators: name: Bonezzi, Roberto
name: Diaz-Jaramillo, Felipe
name: Hohm, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the question whether the worldsheet theory of a string admits a global O(d,d) symmetry. We consider the truncation of the target space theory in which fields are independent of d coordinates, which is O(d,d,R) invariant. The worldsheet theory is not O(d,d,R) invariant, unless it is truncated by setting winding and center-of-mass momenta to zero. We prove consistency of this truncation and give a manifestly O(d,d,R) invariant action, generalizing a formulation due to Tseytlin by including all external and internal target space fields. It is shown that, due to chiral bosons, this symmetry is anomalous. The anomaly is cancelled by a Green-Schwarz mechanism that utilizes the external B-field.
description: 42 pages, references added
Mathematical model of the cerebral circulation and distribution of cerebrospinal fluid
Creators: name: Sanchez Cazares, Karla Elena
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Shifts in cerebral fluid are known to be important in a number of diseases, and in conditions of microgravity such as space travel. In this work we develop a fluid mechanical model from firstprinciples incorporating key features of the flow of both blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the intracranial and spinal spaces. For the cerebral blood vessels, we model the arteries and veins as symmetric bifurcating trees with constant geometrical scaling factors between generations, assume one-dimensional flow in each vessel and account for elastic effects via a pressure-area relationship, and we assume the capillaries have a constant resistance. We treat the vessel walls as porous media to find the transmural flux of plasma. We assume flow between the other compartments to be proportional to the pressure difference; additionally, the flow to the outer-dural space is assumed to be one-way. The set of ordinary differential equations for the evolution of the fluid pressures and volumes of each compartment can be solved numerically. Additional features include autoregulation, which we model by ensuring constant pressure at the microcirculation, meaning the resulting model must be solved iteratively. Also, we can model the effect of postural changes by including hydrostatic effects in the spinal column. The results are in accordance with physiological measurements and indicate that the pressure in the vasculature is highly sensitive to changes in vessel geometry, which also affects the transmural flux, whilst ventricular and spinal subarachnoid spaces are sensitive to compliances. We investigate transitions from supine to standing and upside down positions and also the effect of the external pressure surrounding the outer-dural spinal compartment. The model is computationally inexpensive and can be used as a platform for further analysis of cerebrovascular behaviour.
Concrete Surface Crack Detection with Convolutional-based Deep Learning Models
Creators: name: Zadeh, Sara Shomal
name: birgani, Sina Aalipour
name: Khorshidi, Meisam
name: Kooban, Farhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Effective crack detection is pivotal for the structural health monitoring and inspection of buildings. This task presents a formidable challenge to computer vision techniques due to the inherently subtle nature of cracks, which often exhibit low-level features that can be easily confounded with background textures, foreign objects, or irregularities in construction. Furthermore, the presence of issues like non-uniform lighting and construction irregularities poses significant hurdles for autonomous crack detection during building inspection and monitoring. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have emerged as a promising framework for crack detection, offering high levels of accuracy and precision. Additionally, the ability to adapt pre-trained networks through transfer learning provides a valuable tool for users, eliminating the need for an in-depth understanding of algorithm intricacies. Nevertheless, it is imperative to acknowledge the limitations and considerations when deploying CNNs, particularly in contexts where the outcomes carry immense significance, such as crack detection in buildings. In this paper, our approach to surface crack detection involves the utilization of various deep-learning models. Specifically, we employ fine-tuning techniques on pre-trained deep learning architectures: VGG19, ResNet50, Inception V3, and EfficientNetV2. These models are chosen for their established performance and versatility in image analysis tasks. We compare deep learning models using precision, recall, and F1 scores.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, Journal paper
Waves, Coriolis force and the dynamo effect
Creators: name: Mahajan, S. M.
name: Mininni, P. D.
name: Gómez, D. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamo activity caused by waves in a rotating magneto-plasma is investigated. In astrophysical environments such as accretion disks and at sufficiently small spatial scales, the Hall effect is likely to play an important role. It is shown that a combination of the Coriolis force and Hall effect can produce a finite $α$-effect by generating net helicity in the small scales. The shear/ion-cyclotron normal mode of the Hall plasma is the dominant contributor to the dynamo action for short scale motions.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, ApJ (in press)
Flux Vacua Statistics for Two-Parameter Calabi-Yau's
Creators: name: Misra, A.
name: Nanda, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the number of flux vacua for type IIB string theory on an orientifold of the Calabi-Yau expressed as a hypersurface in WCP^4[1,1,2,2,6] by evaluating a suitable integral over the complex-structure moduli space as per the conjecture of Douglas and Ashok. We show that away from the singular conifold locus, one gets a power law, and that the (neighborhood) of the conifold locus indeed acts as an attractor in the (complex structure) moduli space. We also study (non)supersymmetric solutions near the conifold locus.In the process, we evaluate the periods near the conifold locus. We also study (non)supersymmetric solutions near the conifold locus, and show that supersymmetric solutions near the conifold locus do not support fluxes.
description: 17 pages, LaTex; Part of AN's BTech end-of-undergraduate-freshman(=first)-year summer project at IIT Roorkee; v3: a reference and clarifying text and equations added, a numerical error corrected
Borel Resummation Method with Conformal Mapping and the Ground State Energy of the Quartic Anharmonic Oscillator
Creators: name: Gaddah, Wajdi A.
name: Jwan, Ibrahim S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the resummation of the divergent Rayleigh-Shrodinger perturbation expansion for the ground state energy of the quartic anharmonic oscillator in one dimension. We apply the Borel-Pade resummation method combined with a conformal mapping of the Borel plane to improve the accuracy and to enlarge the convergence domain of the perturbative expansion. This technique was recently used in perturbative QCD to accelerate the convergence of Borel-summed Green's functions. In this framework, we calculated the ground state energy of the quartic anharmonic oscillator for various coupling constants and compared our results with the ones we obtained from the diagonal Pade approximation and the standard Borel resummation technique. The results are also tested on a number of exact numerical solutions available for weak and strong coupling constants. As a part of our calculations, we computed the coefficients of the first 50 correction terms in the Rayleigh-Shrodinger perturbation expansion using the method of Dalgarno and Stewart. The conformal mapping of the Borel plane is shown to enhance the power of Borel's method of summability, especially in the strong coupling domain where perturbation theory is not applicable.
description: 8 pages, Conference Proceedings
Global Stabilization for Systems Evolving on Manifolds
Creators: name: Malisoff, Michael
name: Krichman, Mikhail
name: Sontag, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93B05

description: We show that any globally asymptotically controllable system on any smooth manifold can be globally stabilized by a state feedback. Since we allow discontinuous feedbacks, we interpret the solutions of our systems in the ``sample and hold'' sense introduced by Clarke-Ledyaev-Sontag-Subbotin (CLSS). Our work generalizes the CLSS Theorem which is the special case of our result for systems on Euclidean space. We apply our result to the input-to-state stabilization of systems on manifolds relative to actuator errors, under small observation noise.
description: 25 pages, 0 figues, submitted for publication in October 2004
Analytical results for entanglement in the five-qubit anisotropic Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Wang, XiaoGuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the eigenvalue problem of the five-qubit anisotropic Heisenberg model, without use of Bethe's Ansatz, and give analytical results for entanglement and mixedness of two nearest-neighbor qubits. The entanglement takes its maximum at Delta= (Delta>1) for the case of zero (finite) temperature with Delta being the anisotropic parameter. In contrast, the mixedness takes its minimum at Delta=1 (Delta>1) for the case of zero (finite) temperature.
description: Four pages, three figures
La crisis de sucesion generacional en la agricultura japonesa
Creators: name: Izcara Palacios, Simon Pedro
name: Izcara Palacios, Simon Pedro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: The agricultural sector is dominated by family forms of production (i.e. a large proportion of the new entrants come from within the sector towards family succession). Moreover
subject: the role of the family has become more rather than less influential. This makes succession critical to the economic viability of agriculture. In Japan
subject: during the last decades many factors have combined to discourage the new generations from apoting a career on the farm: the erosion of the system
subject: widened opportunities for off-farm employment
subject: inadequate business size
subject: and so on. As a result
subject: the percentage of farmers with a successor working on the farm is very low. Farmers without successors are profoundly pessimistic
subject: intend to continue farming indefinitely
subject: but lack the incentive and motivation to continue expanding farm capacity. The study reported here focuses on the problem of the lack of successors in Japanese agriculture. I will also focus on farmers' views of their present situation
subject: and their views on succession. At the methodological level
subject: in-depth interviews were carried out with 24 farmers in Asahikawa (Japan).

description: La agricultura se caracteriza por el predominio de una forma de produccion familiar (es una actividad economica en la cual los nuevos entrantes proceden generalmente de la propia unidad familiar). Es mas, el caracter familiar de la actividad agraria se ha acentuado. Por ello, el proceso de sucesion es fundamental para la viabilidad de la actividad agraria. En Japon, durante las ultimas decadas, la conjuncion de varios factores ha desincentivado a los hijos de los agricultores para continuar con la actividad agraria: la erosion del sistema las atractivas oportunidades de empleo extragrario, la inadecuada dimension economica de las explotaciones, etc. Como consecuencia, el porcentaje de agricultores que cuentan con un sucesor trabajando en la explotacion es muy bajo. Los agricultores que carecen de sucesor son profundamente pesimistas, se sienten obligados a trabajar en la agricultura indefinidamente, pero carecen de incentivo y moticacion para expandir su explotacion. Esta investigacion analiza el problema de la crisis de sucesion en la agricultura japonesa. Asimismo, examina la vision de los agricultores en torno a su situacion presente, asi como su opinion sobre el problema de la sucesion. En el plano metodologico, fueron realizadas entrevistas en produndidad a 24 agricultores en la localidad japonesa de Asahikawa...
Large $N_c$ QCD at non-zero chemical potential
Creators: name: Cohen, Thomas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general issue of large $N_c$ QCD at nonzero chemical potential is considered with a focus on understanding the difference between large $N_c$ QCD with an isospin chemical potential and large $N_c$ QCD with a baryon chemical potential. A simple diagrammatic analysis analogous to `t Hooft's analysis at $μ=0$ implies that the free energy with a given baryon chemical potential is equal to the free energy with an isospin chemical potential of the same value plus $1/N_c$ corrections. Phenomenologically, these two systems behave quite differently. A scenario to explain this difference in light of the diagrammatic analysis is explored. This scenario is based on a phase transition associated with pion condensation when the isospin chemical potential exceeds $m_π/2$; associated with this transition there is breakdown of the $1/N_c$ expansion--in the pion condensed phase there is a distinct $1/N_c$ expansion including a larger set of diagrams. While this scenario is natural, there are a number of theoretical issues which at least superficially challenge it. Most of these can be accommodated. However, the behavior of quenched QCD which raises a number of apparently analogous issues cannot be easily understood completely in terms of an analogous scenario. Thus, the overall issue remains open.
Intentional access management : making access control usable for end-users
Creators: name: Cao, Xiang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In today's network-connected, highly dynamic and distributed computing environments, end-users are motivated to share information and collaborate. It is often the responsibility of end-users, however, to control access to their information. The usability of access control mechanisms in modern distributed systems has been widely criticized but little studied. In this thesis, I carefully examine one widely deployed access control mechanism embedded in the WebDAV (Web-based Distributed Authoring and Versioning) standard, from the point-of-view of an end-user trying to decide how to grant or deny access to some resource to a third party. My analysis points to problems with the conceptual usability of the system. Significant effort is required on the part of the user to determine how to implement the desired access rules. The user, however, has low expertise and interest in this task, given that such access management actions are almost always secondary to the collaborative task at hand. This gap between interest and complexity does, however, indicate a possible solution to this problem: to recast the access control puzzle as a decision-support problem in which user intentions (i.e., the descriptions of desired system outputs) are interpreted by an access mediator that either automatically or semi-automatically decides how to achieve the designated goals. I call such systems intentional access management (IAM) systems, and describe them in both general and specific terms. I then propose a set of design principles, as well as three levels of IAM model (wizard, full, and multi-backend). By using the IAMs, end-users interact with the access control system in a natural and consistent way (e.g., by simply specifying their intentions and getting feedback in terms of system effects) without needing to know the internal security mechanism used. Such simplification makes access control more usable. To demonstrate the feasibility and usability of the proposed IAM models, I develop an intentional access management system for WebDAV. End-users can manage access to their WebDAV resources by specifying intentions to this system. The results of a user study conducted on the system show its superior usability compared to traditional access management tools like the access control list editor.
Simulation of long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments with GLoBES
Creators: name: Huber, P.
name: Lindner, M.
name: Winter, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the GLoBES (``General Long Baseline Experiment Simulator'') software package, which allows the simulation of long-baseline and reactor neutrino oscillation experiments. One part of the software is the abstract experiment definition language to define experiments with beam and full detector descriptions as accurate as possible. Many systematics options are provided, such as normalization and energy calibration errors, or the choice between spectral or total rate information. For the definition of experiments, a new transparent building block concept is introduced. In addition, an additional program provides the possibility to develop and test new experiment definitions quickly. Another part of GLoBES is the user's interface, which provides probability, rate, and $Δχ^2$ information for a given experiment or any combination of up to 32 experiments in C. Especially, the $Δχ^2$ functions allow a simulation with statistics only, systematics, correlations, and degeneracies. In particular, GLoBES can handle the full multi-parameter correlation among the oscillation parameters, external input, and matter density uncertainties.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Software available at http://www.ph.tum.de/~globes
Vortices in condensate mixtures
Creators: name: Josserand, Christophe
name: Pomeau, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a condensate made of two different atomic molecular species, Onsager's quantization condition implies that around a vortex the velocity field cannot be the same for the two species. We explore some simple consequences of this observation. Thus if the two condensates are in slow relative translation one over the other, the composite vortices are carried at a velocity that is a fraction of the single species velocity. This property is valid for attractive interaction and below a critical velocity which corresponds to a saddle-node bifurcation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 8 of On the origin of European sheep as revealed by the diversity of the Balkan breeds and by optimizing population-genetic analysis tools
Creators: name: Ciani, Elena
name: Mastrangelo, Salvatore
name: Silva, Anne Da
name: Marroni, Fabio
name: Ferenčaković, Maja
name: Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo
name: Baird, Hayley
name: Barbato, Mario
name: Colli, Licia
name: Delvento, Chiara
name: Dovenski, Toni
name: Gorjanc, Gregor
name: Hall, Stephen J. G.
name: Hoda, Anila
name: Li, Meng-Hua
name: Božidarka Marković
name: McEwan, John
name: Moradi, Mohammad H.
name: Otsanda Ruiz-Larrañaga
name: Ružić-Muslić, Dragana
name: Šalamon, Dragica
name: Simčič, Mojca
name: Stepanek, Ondrej
name: Curik, Ino
name: Cubric-Curik, Vlatka
name: Lenstra, Johannes A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 8: Figure S4. Left panels: normal PCA plots of 525 sheep (≤ 6 per breed) including the inbred EFB, KCH, VBS. Right panels: supervised PCA of 546 sheep, including three mouflon populations, in which EFB, KCH and VBS as well as the mouflons have been excluded for calculation of the principal components (svPC1, svPC2 and svPC3).
Density functional theory description of hole-trapping in SiO$_2$: a successful self-interaction-corrected approach
Creators: name: d'Avezac, Mayeul
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a self-interaction-corrected (SIC) density-functional-theory (DFT) approach for the description of systems with an unpaired electron or hole such as spin 1/2 defect-centers in solids or radicals. Our functional is easy-to-implement and its minimization does not require additional computational effort with respect to ordinary DFT functionals. In particular it does not present multi-minima, as the conventional SIC functionals. We successfully validate the method studying the hole self-trapping in quartz associated to the Al substitutional impurity. We show that our approach corrects for the well known failures of standard DFT functionals in this system.
description: 4 pages
Additional file 9 of On the origin of European sheep as revealed by the diversity of the Balkan breeds and by optimizing population-genetic analysis tools
Creators: name: Ciani, Elena
name: Mastrangelo, Salvatore
name: Silva, Anne Da
name: Marroni, Fabio
name: Ferenčaković, Maja
name: Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo
name: Baird, Hayley
name: Barbato, Mario
name: Colli, Licia
name: Delvento, Chiara
name: Dovenski, Toni
name: Gorjanc, Gregor
name: Hall, Stephen J. G.
name: Hoda, Anila
name: Li, Meng-Hua
name: Božidarka Marković
name: McEwan, John
name: Moradi, Mohammad H.
name: Otsanda Ruiz-Larrañaga
name: Ružić-Muslić, Dragana
name: Šalamon, Dragica
name: Simčič, Mojca
name: Stepanek, Ondrej
name: Curik, Ino
name: Cubric-Curik, Vlatka
name: Lenstra, Johannes A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 9: Figure S5. Supervised PCA of 546 animals as in Fig. 2b, showing svPC1 vs. svPC3 averaged per breed.
Biofilm growth on rugose surfaces
Creators: name: Rodriguez, David
name: Einarsson, Baldvin
name: Carpio, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A stochastic model is used to assess the effect of external parameters on the development of submerged biofilms on smooth and rough surfaces. The model includes basic cellular mechanisms, such as division and spreading, together with an elementary description of the interaction with the surrounding flow and probabilistic rules for EPS matrix generation, cell decay and adhesion. Insight on the interplay of competing mechanisms as the flow or the nutrient concentration change is gained. Erosion and growth processes combined produce biofilm structures moving downstream. A rich variety of patterns are generated: shrinking biofilms, patches, ripple-like structures traveling downstream, fingers, mounds, streamer-like patterns, flat layers, porous and dendritic structures. The observed regimes depend on the carbon source and the type of bacteria.
Projected hydrologic changes over the north of the Iberian Peninsula using a Euro-CORDEX multi-model ensemble
Creators: name: Yeste, Patricio
name: Rosa-Cánovas, Juan José
name: Romero-Jiménez, Emilio
name: Ojeda, Matilde García-Valdecasas
name: Gámiz-Fortis, Sonia R.
name: Castro-Díez, Yolanda
name: Esteban-Parra, María Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study explores the impacts of climate change on the hydrology of the headwater areas of the Duero River Basin, the largest basin of the Iberian Peninsula. To this end, an ensemble of 18 Euro-CORDEX model experiments was gathered for 1975-2005 and 2021-2100, under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, and were used as the meteorological forcings of the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) during the hydrological modelling exercise. The projected hydrologic changes for the future period were analyzed at annual and seasonal scales using several evaluation metrics, such as the delta changes of the atmospheric and land variables, the runoff and evapotranspiration ratios of the overall water balance, the snowmelt contribution to the total streamflow and the centroid position for the daily hydrograph of the average hydrologic year. Annual streamflow reductions of up to 40% were attained in various parts of the basin for 2071-2100 under RCP8.5 scenario, and resulted from the precipitation decreases in the southern subwatersheds and the combined effect of the precipitation decreases and evapotranspiration increases in the north. The runoff and the evapotranspiration ratios evinced a tendency towards an evaporative regime in the north part of the basin and a strengthening of the evaporative response in the south. Seasonal streamflow changes were mostly negative and dependent on the season considered, with greater detriments in spring and summer, and less intense ones in autumn and winter. The snowmelt contribution to the total streamflow was strongly diminished with decreases reaching -80% in autumn and spring, thus pointing to a change in the snow regime for the Duero mountains. Finally, the annual and seasonal changes of the centroid position accounted for the shape changes of the hydrograph, constituting a measure of seasonality and reflecting high correlations degrees with the streamflow delta changes.
Dynamics of bacterial aggregates in microflows
Creators: name: Carpio, Ana
name: Einarsson, Baldvin
name: Espeso, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Biofilms are bacterial aggregates that grow on moist surfaces. Thin homogeneous biofilms naturally formed on the walls of conducts may serve as biosensors, providing information on the status of microsystems (MEMS) without disrupting them. However, uncontrolled biofilm growth may largely disturb the environment they develop in, increasing the drag and clogging the tubes. To ensure controlled biofilm expansion we need to understand the effect of external variables on their structure. We formulate a hybrid model for the computational study of biofilms growing in laminar microflows. Biomass evolves according to stochastic rules for adhesion, erosion and motion, informed by numerical approximations of the flow fields at each stage. The model is tested studying the formation of streamers in three dimensional corner flows, gaining some insight on the effect of external variables on their structure.
Development of novel apparatus for establishing swelling and water retention characteristics of bentonite
Creators: name: Mantikos, Vasileios
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Despite the breakthroughs in suction control and measurement for laboratory testing of unsaturated soils at the range of high suctions, existing equipment faces limitations in either the precision, the range, or the practicality. The aim of the present thesis is to develop novel apparatus for establishing the swelling and water retention characteristics of compacted bentonite, which may exhibit very high suctions at its as-compacted state. The development of the equipment is based upon the best elements of existing equipment, combined in a simple and efficient manner and extends the range of existing suction-controlled facilities in the Geotechnics Laboratory of Imperial College London. A new humidity generator is presented, based on the principles of the divided-flow method. The divided-flow humidity generator (dfHG) controls the relative humidity (RH) in a sealed chamber, allowing suction control of soil samples through the Vapour Equilibrium Technique (VET). The control of RH is automated and is obtained by the proportional mixing of dry and wet air based on the feedback given on RH measurements in the chamber with affordable, individually calibrated capacitance hygrometers. Direct comparison with other suction-control methods, and derivation of water retention curves for reference soil materials validate the method. The automated control and the continuous operational range of suction provides the versatility of pressure generators, while the simplicity of the system is comparable to the practicality of the air-regulation method. The humidity generator is subsequently adapted to a newly-developed oedometer, to assist in the investigation of highly expansive clays, such as bentonites. The device allows the application of continuous, automated control of suction in the range between 30 MPa and 300 MPa, while applying complex stress and hydraulic paths for swelling tests. Equilibrium on each suction step is assessed through the combined evaluation of swelling stress, RH of the outflow air and water exchanged with the soil sample. The method is validated through successful investigation of the swelling behaviour of a natural sodium bentonite.
Links to code, data, and plots of "Regression and evaluation on a forward interpolated version of the great circle arcs–based distortion metric of map projections"
Creators: name: Yan, Jin
name: Xu, TianSheng
name: Li, Ni
name: Gong, Guanghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 10301 Numerical Analysis
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90901 Cartography
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Code, data, and plots for a novel numerical approximation metric (i.e., FWD-GCA-based metric) of distortion in map projections.
FWD-GCA-based metric was introduced in this study:

Jin Yan, Tiansheng Xu, Ni Li, and Guanghong Gong. "Regression and Evaluation on a Forward Interpolated Version of the Great Circle Arcs–Based Distortion Metric of Map Projections" ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 10: 649. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10100649
### Prerequisite ###
Install dependencies in Julia:using PkgPkg.add("CSV")Pkg.add("DataFrames")Pkg.add("Proj4")Pkg.add("ForwardDiff")

Install dependencies in Python:pip install numpy scipy matplotlib
### Links to codes ###

Julia code of GCA-based and the proposed FWD-GCA-based metrics:10.6084/m9.figshare.15022092

Julia code of traditional differential-based metrics for more than 85 map projections:
10.6084/m9.figshare.15022074

Some auxiliary functions in Julia and Python for calculations, analyses, and plots.10.6084/m9.figshare.15022095
### Links to data ###

Approximately 200k sample points (CSV file) on sphere for evaluating differential-based, GCA, and FWD-GCA metrics:10.6084/m9.figshare.15022071

Results (CSV format in ZIP files) of angular and area distortions for 200k sample points:
[angular] 10.6084/m9.figshare.16681864[area] 10.6084/m9.figshare.16681867

Coordinates of approximately 1 million 2-D sample points (CSV format in ZIP files) on projection plane for each map projection to draw plots:10.6084/m9.figshare.15035457

### Links to plots ###
Plots of area and angular distortions for all map projections we evaluated:[angular] 10.6084/m9.figshare.16681909
[area] 10.6084/m9.figshare.16681912
Energy Research Update April 17 2025.pdf
Creators: name: Ussenaliyeva, Dr.Aizhan Aisha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 400402
subject: Chemical and thermal processes in energy and combustion
classificationCode: 400403
subject: Chemical engineering design
classificationCode: 400404
subject: Electrochemical energy storage and conversion
classificationCode: 310103
subject: Cell metabolism
classificationCode: 310101
subject: Analytical biochemistry

description: April 17th 2025 research discovery - integration of Oil&Gas technologies with neuroscience.
Deep Blind Super-Resolution for Satellite Video
Creators: name: Xiao, Yi
name: Yuan, Qiangqiang
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Zhang, Liangpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recent efforts have witnessed remarkable progress in Satellite Video Super-Resolution (SVSR). However, most SVSR methods usually assume the degradation is fixed and known, e.g., bicubic downsampling, which makes them vulnerable in real-world scenes with multiple and unknown degradations. To alleviate this issue, blind SR has thus become a research hotspot. Nevertheless, existing approaches are mainly engaged in blur kernel estimation while losing sight of another critical aspect for VSR tasks: temporal compensation, especially compensating for blurry and smooth pixels with vital sharpness from severely degraded satellite videos. Therefore, this paper proposes a practical Blind SVSR algorithm (BSVSR) to explore more sharp cues by considering the pixel-wise blur levels in a coarse-to-fine manner. Specifically, we employed multi-scale deformable convolution to coarsely aggregate the temporal redundancy into adjacent frames by window-slid progressive fusion. Then the adjacent features are finely merged into mid-feature using deformable attention, which measures the blur levels of pixels and assigns more weights to the informative pixels, thus inspiring the representation of sharpness. Moreover, we devise a pyramid spatial transformation module to adjust the solution space of sharp mid-feature, resulting in flexible feature adaptation in multi-level domains. Quantitative and qualitative evaluations on both simulated and real-world satellite videos demonstrate that our BSVSR performs favorably against state-of-the-art non-blind and blind SR models. Code will be available at https://github.com/XY-boy/Blind-Satellite-VSR
description: Published in IEEE TGRS