cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Misconceptions, conceptual pluralism, and conceptual toolkits: bringing the philosophy of science to the teaching of evolution
Creators: name: Reydon, Thomas A. C.
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Conceptual change
subject: Conceptual pluralism
subject: Conceptual toolkit
subject: Fitness
subject: Natural selection
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: This paper explores how work in the philosophy of science can be used when teaching scientific content to science students and when training future science teachers. I examine the debate on the concept of fitness in biology and in the philosophy of biology to show how conceptual pluralism constitutes a problem for the conceptual change model, and how philosophical work on conceptual clarification can be used to address that problem. The case of fitness exemplifies how the philosophy of science offers tools to resolve teaching difficulties and make the teaching of scientific concepts more adequate to the actual state of affairs in science. © 2021, The Author(s).
Streptopus amplexifolius
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S.amplexifolius (L.) DC. Cat. 344. l: Col de Morgins (J.); Cocorier (Garns);Van-Bas(Coquoz); Sex des Oranges (Favarger);Nordflanke der Golette (Zimmermann);ob Les Marecottes (Coquoz); Emaney (F.); Finhaut (Coquoz); Gueulaz-Emosson (idem); unter Charavex (Vischer); Combe de Martigny (F.); Col de la Forclaz (Closuit); Trient (idem). - 2: Östlich Rischinen ob Blatten (Marietan). - 3:Le Chäble (Miller); Fionnay (Marietan); ob Bürchen (Binz); Saastal:Fee, bei den Bodmen (Hirschmann), Almagell (Marietan, Bmz, Becherer). - 3a: Zwischbergental bei der «Säge» und unterhalb Cagrande am Possettabach (Becherer). - 4: Aletschwald (Marietan); im Binntal (vgl. Cat.) mehrfach (Binz, Becherer, P.); Unterwasser, Nordwesthangdes Hungerberges (Thommen); Gerental (P., Thommen).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
One-Particle Measurement of the Antiproton Magnetic Moment
Creators: name: ATRAP Collaboration
name: DiSciacca, J.
name: Marshall, M.
name: Marable, K.
name: Gabrielse, G.
name: Ettenauer, S.
name: Tardiff, E.
name: Kalra, R.
name: Fitzakerley, D. W.
name: George, M. C.
name: Hessels, E. A.
name: Storry, C. H.
name: Weel, M.
name: Grzonka, D.
name: Oelert, W.
name: Sefzick, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: \DeclareRobustCommand{\pbar}{\HepAntiParticle{p}{}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\p}{\HepParticle{p}{}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\mup}{$μ_{p}${}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\mupbar}{$μ_{\pbar}${}{}\xspace} \DeclareRobustCommand{\muN}{$μ_N${}{}\xspace For the first time a single trapped \pbar is used to measure the \pbar magnetic moment ${\bmμ}_{\pbar}$. The moment ${\bmμ}_{\pbar} = μ_{\pbar} {\bm S}/(\hbar/2)$ is given in terms of its spin ${\bm S}$ and the nuclear magneton (\muN) by $μ_{\pbar}/μ_N = -2.792\,845 \pm 0.000\,012$. The 4.4 parts per million (ppm) uncertainty is 680 times smaller than previously realized. Comparing to the proton moment measured using the same method and trap electrodes gives $μ_{\pbar}/μ_p = -1.000\,000 \pm 0.000\,005$ to 5 ppm, for a proton moment ${\bmμ}_{p} = μ_{p} {\bm S}/(\hbar/2)$, consistent with the prediction of the CPT theorem.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1201.3038
title: Subverting the “banlieue girl identity” through gender performance in Céline Sciamma’s Bandes de Filles
Creators: name: Munier, Evie
Publisher: name: IUScholarWorks
Year: 2019

description: Bande de Filles – Girlhood, is the story of Marieme, a young black woman living in the banlieue, who meets Lady, Adiatou and Fily, and becomes a member of their girl gang – the direct translation of the French title. At home, Marieme lives with an absent mother, and two young sisters she feels obligated to protect from their violent older brother. At school, Marieme wants to continue on to high school, but the guidance counselor wants to direct her toward a vocational school. Marieme is 16 years old and this is her story: she is a stereotypical figure of the young banlieue girl, living in a challenging social environment dominated by a masculine figure, expected to take over parental responsibility, failing academically and marginalized by the academic institution. This is the identity that is prescribed to young banlieue women, constructed on social stigmas, thus establishing the banlieue girl as a social category. In Bande de Filles, French director Céline Sciamma portrays Marieme as the speaker of these young girls who are trying to subvert and emancipate themselves from these preexisting norms of femininity tied into their identity.
Defects dynamics following thermal quenches in square spin-ice
Creators: name: Levis, Demian
name: Cugliandolo, Leticia F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the single spin flip stochastic dynamics of the two dimensional sixteen vertex model. We single out several dynamic regimes controlled by different processes that we describe. We analyse the emergence of very long-lived metastable states and their dependence on the system size, boundary conditions, and working parameters. We investigate the coarsening process after quenches into the ordered ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic phases. We discuss our results in the context of artificial spin ice on square lattices.
description: 14 pages
Phantom scalar-tensor models and cosmological tensions
Creators: name: Ballardini, M.
name: Ferrari, A. G.
name: Finelli, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study three different extended scalar-tensor theories of gravity by also allowing a negative sign for the kinetic term for the scalar field in the Jordan frame. Our scope is to understand how the observational constraints for these models cope with the volume of the parameter space in which the theory is healthy. Models with a negative kinetic term lead to decreasing effective gravitational constant with redshift and behave as an effective relativistic component with a negative energy density as opposite to their corresponding version with a standard kinetic term. As a consequence, we find that the extended branch with a negative sign for the kinetic term correspond in general to lower $H_0$ and $σ_8$ compared to $Λ$CDM. We find that in all the cases with a negative sign for the kinetic term studied here, cosmological observations constrain these models around GR and prefer a volume of the parameter space in which the theory is not healthy since the scalar field behave as a ghost also in the related Einstein frame. We show that also in the phantom branch early modify gravity with a quartic coupling can substantially reduce the $H_0$ tension fitting the combination of cosmic microwave background data from Planck, baryon acoustic oscillations from BOSS and eBOSS, and Supernovae from the Pantheon sample with calibration information by SH0ES.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables
title: »Vom Kreis aus freier Hand«. Zeichnungen und Collagen von Mara Loytved-Hardegg. Ausstellung im Stadtmuseum Fembohaus Nürnberg, März bis Mai 1992
Creators: name: Mende, Matthias
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
How many Keplerian arcs are there between two points of spacetime?
Creators: name: Albouy, Alain
name: Ureña, Antonio J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70F05 (Primary) 70G75 (Secondary)

description: We consider the Keplerian arcs around a fixed Newtonian center joining two prescribed distinct positions in a prescribed flight time. We prove that, putting aside the "opposition case" where infinitely many planes of motion are possible, there are at most two such arcs of each "type". There is a bilinear quantity that we call b which is in all the cases a good parameter for the Keplerian arcs joining two distinct positions. The flight time satisfies a "variational" differential equation in b, and is a convex function of b.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
On the Relationship between D'Angelo q-type and Catlin q-type
Creators: name: Brinzanescu, Vasile
name: Nicoara, Andreea C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32F18, 32T25 (Primary), 32V35, 13H15 (Secondary)

description: We establish inequalities relating two measurements of the order of contact of q-dimensional complex varieties with a real hypersurface.
description: 18 pages; accepted at the Journal of Geometric Analysis; see arXiv:1102.0356 for the origin of this investigation
Gerhart Hauptmann liest Leopardi
Creators: name: Tempel, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Wloclawek : Wiss. Verl. der Staatlichen Fachhochschule
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Reception
subject: Hauptmann, Gerhart
subject: Leopardi, Giacomo
subject: Rezeption
subject: Rezeptionsforschung
subject: Hauptmann, Gerhart
subject: Leopardi, Giacomo
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::800 | Literatur, Rhetorik, Literaturwissenschaft::830 | Deutsche Literatur

description: Gerhart Hauptmann beschäftigte sich über einen längeren Zeitraum mit dem italienischen Dichter Giacomo Leopardi. Anhand von Tagebuchnotizen und Lesespuren in zwei deutschprachigen Leopardi-Ausgaben der nachgelassenen Bibliothek Hauptmanns rekonstruiert der Aufsatz Hauptmanns Leopardi-Rezeption (vor allem im Zeitraum 1929 und 1938), die mehr der Selbstbespiegelung im Lesen als kritischer oder produktiver Auseinandersetzung dient. Ein weiterer Abschnitt betrachtet Hauptmanns Interesse an Leopardis Biographie, das u.a. die Lesespuren im Vorwort zur Auswahl-Ausgabe von Leopardis Werken durch Ludwig Wolde bezeugen, aber auch die Anteilnahme an der biographischen Leopardi-Skizze in Herbert Eulenbergs populärem Büchlein 'Schattenbilder und Lichtbilder' (1926).
Resolving an Individual One-Proton Spin Flip to Determine a Proton Spin State
Creators: name: DiSciacca, J.
name: Marshall, M.
name: Marable, K.
name: Gabrielse, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous measurements with a single trapped proton or antiproton detected spin resonance from the increased scatter of frequency measurements caused by many spin flips. Here a measured correlation confirms that individual spin transitions and states are detected instead. The high fidelity suggests that it may be possible to use quantum jump spectroscopy to measure the p and \pbar magnetic moments much more precisely.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures
Exact Relation with Two-point Correlation Functions and Phenomenological Approach for Compressible Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence
Creators: name: Banerjee, Supratik
name: Galtier, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compressible isothermal magnetohydrodynamic turbulence is analyzed under the assumption of statistical homogeneity and in the asymptotic limit of large kinetic and magnetic Reynolds numbers. Following Kolmogorov we derive an exact relation for some two-point correlation functions which generalizes the expression recently found for hydrodynamics. We show that the magnetic field brings new source and flux terms into the dynamics which may act on the inertial range similarly as a source or a sink for the mean energy transfer rate. The introduction of a uniform magnetic field simplifies significantly the exact relation for which a simple phenomenology may be given. A prediction for axisymmetric energy spectra is eventually proposed.
description: 1 figure
Locally finite profinite rings
Creators: name: Dobrowolski, Jan
name: Krupiński, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the structure of locally finite profinite rings. We classify (Jacobson-) semisimple locally finite profinite rings as products of complete matrix rings of bounded cardinality over finite fields, and we prove that the Jacobson radical of any locally finite profinite ring is nil of finite nilexponent. Our results apply to the context of small compact $G$-rings, where we also obtain a description of possible actions of $G$ on the underlying ring.
description: 17 pages
Robust Hydraulic Fracture Monitoring (HFM) of Multiple Time Overlapping Events Using a Generalized Discrete Radon Transform
Creators: name: Ely, Gregory
name: Aeron, Shuchin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we propose a novel algorithm for multiple-event localization for Hydraulic Fracture Monitoring (HFM) through the exploitation of the sparsity of the observed seismic signal when represented in a basis consisting of space time propagators. We provide explicit construction of these propagators using a forward model for wave propagation which depends non-linearly on the problem parameters - the unknown source location and mechanism of fracture, time and extent of event, and the locations of the receivers. Under fairly general assumptions and an appropriate discretization of these parameters we first build an over-complete dictionary of generalized Radon propagators and assume that the data is well represented as a linear superposition of these propagators. Exploiting this structure we propose sparsity penalized algorithms and workflow for super-resolution extraction of time overlapping multiple seismic events from single well data.
Additional file 1 of Implementing a cirrhosis order set in a tertiary healthcare system: a theory-informed formative evaluation
Creators: name: Hyde, A. M.
name: Johnson, E.
name: Luig, T.
name: Schroeder, D.
name: Carbonneau, M.
name: Campbell-Scherer, D.
name: Tandon, P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Interview Guide.
Analytical Description of the Quantum-Mesoscopic-Classical Transition in Systems with Quasi-Discrete Environment
Creators: name: Chtchelkatchev, N. M.
name: Glatz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate dynamic properties of inhomogeneous nano-materials, which appear in analytical descriptions typically as series of $δ$-functions with corresponding Gibbs weights. We focus on observables relevant for transport theories of Josephson junction arrays and granular systems near the superconductor -- insulator transition. Furthermore, our description applies to the theory of tunnel junctions exchanging energy with a "bath", the latter having a discrete spectrum. Using the matrix theta-function formalism we find an analytical expression for the transport characteristics capturing the complete temperature driven transition from the quantum to the classical regime.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
title: Eine gefährliche Kombi? Wie demografischer Wandel und Klimawandel zusammenhängen
Creators: name: Schwieren, Christiane
name: Schröder, Johannes
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2012

description: Zwei Trends werden in den kommenden Jahrzehnten in beunruhigender Weise aufeinandertreffen: der globale Klimawandel und der demografische Wandel hin zu einer immer älter werdenden Bevölkerung. Gerade die Älteren aber sind es, die über die materiellen Ressourcen verfügen, um die drohenden Folgen des Klimawandels zum Wohle der jungen Generationen zu bewältigen. Das Heidelberger Forschungsprojekt CLIMAGE vereint Wissenschaftler aus den Wirtschaftswissenschaften, der Psychologie und der Gerontopsychiatrie mit dem gemeinsamen Ziel, die Motive und Begrenzungen alternder Gesellschaften im Umgang mit dem Klimawandel besser zu verstehen.
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 1 (2012): Alt & Jung, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Ausgaben pro Band: 2
title: Editorial
Creators: name: Eitel, Bernhard
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Himmel & Hölle – In der aktuellen Ausgabe unseres Forschungsmagazins widmen wir uns den „ganz großen Fragen“ nach dem Woher und dem Wohin von Mensch, Welt und Umwelt. Heidelberger Wissenschaftler bearbeiten in diesen Zusammenhängen Themenkomplexe, die sich von theologischen Reflexionen über kulturelle, gesell- schaftliche und historische Diskurse bis hin zu den astronomischen Fragen nach der Entstehung der Welt und der Zeit vor dem Urknall erstrecken.
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 2 (2013): Himmel & Hölle, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Ausgaben pro Band: 2
title: Воронежская топонимия в аспекте лексикографии
Creators: name: Попов, Сергей
Publisher: name: Новгородский печатный двор
Year: 2019

description: Многочисленные региональные топонимические исследования в субъектах Российской Федерации нуждаются в лексикографической фиксации; в статье рассматривается воронежская топонимия в аспекте лексикографии, приводится краткий обзор топонимических словарей Воронежской области, подготовленных историками, журналистами, лингвистами и изданных в 1966–2018 годах.
Collective response to local perturbations: how to evade threats without losing coherence
Creators: name: Loffredo, Emanuele
name: Venturelli, Davide
name: Giardina, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Living groups move in complex environments and are constantly subject to external stimuli, predatory attacks and disturbances. An efficient response to such perturbations is vital to maintain the group's coherence and cohesion. Perturbations are often local, i.e. they are initially perceived only by few individuals in the group, but can elicit a global response. This is the case of starling flocks, that can turn very quickly to evade predators. In this paper, we investigate the conditions under which a global change of direction can occur upon local perturbations. Using minimal models of self-propelled particles, we show that a collective directional response occurs on timescales that grow with the system size and it is, therefore, a finite-size effect. The larger the group is, the longer it will take to turn. We also show that global coherent turns can only take place if i) the mechanism for information propagation is efficient enough to transmit the local reaction undamped through the whole group; and if ii) motility is not too strong, to avoid that the perturbed individual leaves the group before the turn is complete. No compliance with such conditions results in the group's fragmentation or in a non-efficient response.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
title: Ономастическое пространство ХМАО-Югры: актуальные направления исследования
Creators: name: Сироткина, Татьяна
Publisher: name: Новгородский печатный двор
Year: 2019

description: В статье на примере имен собственных, образующих ономастикон ХМАО-Югры, рассматриваются актуальные направления исследования ономастического пространства региона. Делается вывод о том, что исследование ономастического пространства Югры – актуальный вопрос настоящего, который по мере сил и возможностей решается учеными Ханты-Мансийска и Сургута, однако требует привлечения еще больших научных ресурсов, поскольку территория округа довольно обширна, а единицы, образующие его ономастикон, очень разнородны
и разнообразны.
Associahedra via spines
Creators: name: Lange, Carsten
name: Pilaud, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B05, 52B11, 20F55

description: An associahedron is a polytope whose vertices correspond to triangulations of a convex polygon and whose edges correspond to flips between them. Using labeled polygons, C. Hohlweg and C. Lange constructed various realizations of the associahedron with relevant properties related to the symmetric group and the classical permutahedron. We introduce the spine of a triangulation as its dual tree together with a labeling and an orientation. This notion extends the classical understanding of the associahedron via binary trees, introduces a new perspective on C. Hohlweg and C. Lange's construction closer to J.-L. Loday's original approach, and sheds light upon the combinatorial and geometric properties of the resulting realizations of the associahedron. It also leads to noteworthy proofs which shorten and simplify previous approaches.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures. Version 5: minor corrections
Giving meaning to "social origin" in Australian labour law and anti-discrimination legislation
Creators: name: ANGELO CAPUANO
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: The Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) (“FW Act”) and the Australian Human Rights Commission Act 1986 (Cth) (“AHRC Act”) prohibit discrimination in employment on the basis of “social origin”. The concept “social origin” is, however, highly ambiguous and elusive. This thesis is the first study of its kind in Australia and overseas to provide comprehensive and coherent guidance on the proper construction of “social origin” in the FW Act and the AHRC Act. It details numerous examples of conduct that may constitute “social origin” discrimination in Australian workplaces, and highlights that common practices, such as recruiting for “cultural fit”, may enable this type of discrimination.
Analytic combinatorics of chord and hyperchord diagrams with $k$ crossings
Creators: name: Pilaud, Vincent
name: Rué, Juanjo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05A16, 05C30, 05C10

description: Using methods from Analytic Combinatorics, we study the families of perfect matchings, partitions, chord diagrams, and hyperchord diagrams on a disk with a prescribed number of crossings. For each family, we express the generating function of the configurations with exactly $k$ crossings as a rational function of the generating function of crossing-free configurations. Using these expressions, we study the singular behavior of these generating functions and derive asymptotic results on the counting sequences of the configurations with precisely $k$ crossings. Limiting distributions and random generators are also studied.
description: 51 pages, 24 figures, 5 tables
title: Strafe als Hölle? Die theozentrischen Wurzeln des Strafrechts
Creators: name: Haas, Volker
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Was hat das staatliche Strafrecht mit Himmel und Hölle zu tun? Beide Worte – „Himmel“ wie „Hölle“ – gehören ohne Zweifel der Sprache des Glaubens an. Das staatliche Strafrecht hingegen ist eine weltliche Institution des Rechts. Zwischen Strafrecht und dem biblischen Konzept von „Himmel“ besteht – unschwer erkennbar – kein Zusammenhang. Gilt diese Aussage jedoch auch für das, was wir gemeinhin als „Hölle“ bezeichnen?
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 2 (2013): Himmel & Hölle, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Ausgaben pro Band: 2
A symmetry problem for the infinity Laplacian
Creators: name: Crasta, Graziano
name: Fragalà, Ilaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 49K20, Secondary 49K30, 35J70, 35N25

description: Aim of this paper is to prove necessary and sufficient conditions on the geometry of a domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ in order that the homogeneous Dirichlet problem for the infinity-Laplace equation in $Ω$ with constant source term admits a viscosity solution depending only on the distance from $\partial Ω$. This problem was previously addressed and studied by Buttazzo and Kawohl. In the light of some geometrical achievements reached in our recent paper "On the characterization of some classes of proximally smooth sets", we revisit the results obtained by Buttazzo and Kawohl and we prove strengthened versions of them, where any regularity assumption on the domain and on the solution is removed. Our results require a delicate analysis based on viscosity methods. In particular, we need to build suitable viscosity test functions, whose construction involves a new estimate of the distance function near singular points.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Free-free transitions in a bichromatic field of frequencies $ω$ and $2ω$ at moderate field intensities
Creators: name: Cionga, Aurelia
name: Zloh, Gabriela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free-free transitions in laser-assisted electron-hydrogen scattering in a bichromatic field of frequencies $ω$ and $2ω$ are studied at moderate intensities for fast projectiles. A hybrid approach is used, in which the field-projectile interaction is described exactly but the field-target one is described by second order perturbation theory; the projectile-target interaction is treated in the first Born approximation. The adopted description of the target enables a consistent study of the leading process to each of the considered sidebands. Numerical results are presented for the angular distributions in a geometry and at frequencies for which the target dressing is important. The influence of the relative phase between the fields is investigated, too.
Laser-heater assisted plasma channel formation in capillary discharge waveguides
Creators: name: Bobrova, N. A.
name: Sasorov, P. V.
name: Benedetti, C.
name: Bulanov, S. S.
name: Geddes, C. G. R.
name: Schroeder, C. B.
name: Esarey, E.
name: Leemans, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method of creating plasma channels with controllable depth and transverse profile for the guiding of short, high power laser pulses for efficient electron acceleration is proposed. The plasma channel produced by the hydrogen-filled capillary discharge waveguide is modified by a ns-scale laser pulse, which heats the electrons near the capillary axis. This interaction creates a deeper plasma channel within the capillary discharge that evolves on a ns-time scale, allowing laser beams with smaller spot sizes than would otherwise be possible in the unmodified capillary discharge.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: Ohne Uhr & Meterstab. Der Ursprung von Zeit und Raum
Creators: name: Wetterich, Christof
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Einfache Fragen erfordern oft komplexe Antworten. Das gilt auch für die Frage, was eigentlich vor dem Urknall war. Vieles, was Forscher dazu sagen können, ist Spekulation, anderes steht auf scheinbar gesicherten Füßen. Zweifelsfrei ist nur eines: Wer sich der Frage wissenschaftlich nähern will, muss eingefahrene Denkweisen radikal überwinden.
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 2 (2013): Himmel & Hölle, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Ausgaben pro Band: 2
Additional file 1 of Aerobic, muscle-strengthening, and flexibility physical activity and risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a population-based prospective cohort of Korean adults
Creators: name: Cho, Yoonkyoung
name: Jang, Hajin
name: Kwon, Sohyeon
name: Oh, Hannah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
The phase shift induced by a single atom in free space
Creators: name: Sondermann, Markus
name: Leuchs, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we theoretically study the phase shift a single atom imprints onto a coherent state light beam in free space. The calculations are performed in a semiclassical framework. The key parameters governing the interaction and thus the measurable phase shift are the solid angle from which the light is focused onto the atom and the overlap of the incident radiation with the atomic dipole radiation pattern. The analysis includes saturation effects and discusses the associated Kerr-type non-linearity of a single atom.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Quasi-one-dimensional harmonically trapped quantum droplets
Creators: name: Zezyulin, Dmitry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically consider effectively one-dimensional quantum droplets in a symmetric Bose-Bose mixture confined in a parabolic trap. We systematically investigate ground and excited families of localized trapped modes which bifurcate from eigenstates of the quantum harmonic oscillator as the number of particles departs from zero. Families of nonlinear modes have nonmonotonous behavior of chemical potential on the number of particles and feature bistability regions. Excited states are unstable close to the linear limit, but become stable when the number of particles is large enough. In the limit of large density, we derive a modified Thomas-Fermi distribution. Smoothly decreasing the trapping strength down to zero, one can dynamically transform the ground state solution to the solitonlike quantum droplet, while excited trapped states break in several moving quantum droplets.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for Phys. Rev. A; several additions made and typos fixed as compared to the previous version
Latent demographic profile estimation in hard-to-reach groups
Creators: name: McCormick, Tyler H.
name: Zheng, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The sampling frame in most social science surveys excludes members of certain groups, known as hard-to-reach groups. These groups, or subpopulations, may be difficult to access (the homeless, e.g.), camouflaged by stigma (individuals with HIV/AIDS), or both (commercial sex workers). Even basic demographic information about these groups is typically unknown, especially in many developing nations. We present statistical models which leverage social network structure to estimate demographic characteristics of these subpopulations using Aggregated relational data (ARD), or questions of the form "How many X's do you know?" Unlike other network-based techniques for reaching these groups, ARD require no special sampling strategy and are easily incorporated into standard surveys. ARD also do not require respondents to reveal their own group membership. We propose a Bayesian hierarchical model for estimating the demographic characteristics of hard-to-reach groups, or latent demographic profiles, using ARD. We propose two estimation techniques. First, we propose a Markov-chain Monte Carlo algorithm for existing data or cases where the full posterior distribution is of interest. For cases when new data can be collected, we propose guidelines and, based on these guidelines, propose a simple estimate motivated by a missing data approach. Using data from McCarty et al. [Human Organization 60 (2001) 28-39], we estimate the age and gender profiles of six hard-to-reach groups, such as individuals who have HIV, women who were raped, and homeless persons. We also evaluate our simple estimates using simulation studies.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS569 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Fiber modulators and fiber amplifiers for LISA
Creators: name: Tröbs, Michael
name: Barke, S.
name: Möbius, J.
name: Engelbrecht, M.
name: Theeg, T.
name: Kracht, D.
name: Sheard, Benjamin
name: Heinzel, Gerhard
name: Danzmann, Karsten
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential phase
subject: Electrooptical modulators
subject: Fiber-coupled
subject: Fourier
subject: Modulation frequencies
subject: Optical amplifier
subject: Optical path lengths
subject: Optical power
subject: Order of magnitude
subject: Phase characteristic
subject: Pump power
subject: Fiber amplifiers
subject: Gravitational effects
subject: Gravity waves
subject: Light amplifiers
subject: Phase noise
subject: Light modulators
subject: Gravitationswelle
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We present the sideband phase characteristics of a fiber-coupled integrated electro-optical modulator (EOM) at a modulation frequency of 2 GHz for Fourier frequencies from 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz. The upper phase noise limit was almost an order of magnitude better than required for LISA. The EOM's phase dependencies on temperature and transmitted optical power were measured and found to be uncritical. Additionally we have investigated three optical amplifiers emitting 1 W. Their differential phase noise and optical pathlength noise as one contribution to differential phase noise were measured. The measured differential phase noise was within the requirement. The dependencies of differential phase noise on pump power were measured and requirements for the operation of the amplifier on the LISA satellite derived.
On topological and geometric $(19_4)$ configurations
Creators: name: Bokowski, Jürgen
name: Pilaud, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C30, 68-04

description: An $(n_k)$ configuration is a set of $n$ points and $n$ lines such that each point lies on $k$ lines while each line contains $k$ points. The configuration is geometric, topological, or combinatorial depending on whether lines are considered to be straight lines, pseudolines, or just combinatorial lines. The existence and enumeration of $(n_k)$ configurations for a given $k$ has been subject to active research. A current front of research concerns geometric $(n_4)$ configurations: it is now known that geometric $(n_4)$ configurations exist for all $n \ge 18$, apart from sporadic exceptional cases. In this paper, we settle by computational techniques the first open case of $(19_4)$ configurations: we obtain all topological $(19_4)$ configurations among which none are geometrically realizable.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Neutron lifetime anomaly and mirror matter theory
Creators: name: Tan, Wanpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reviews the puzzles in modern neutron lifetime measurements and related unitarity issues in the CKM matrix. It is not a comprehensive and unbiased compilation of all historic data and studies, but rather a focus on compelling evidence leading to new physics. In particular, the largely overlooked nuances of different techniques applied in material and magnetic trap experiments are clarified. Further detailed analysis shows that the ``beam'' approach of neutron lifetime measurements is likely to give the ``true'' $β$-decay lifetime, while discrepancies in ``bottle'' measurements indicate new physics at play. The most feasible solution to these puzzles is a newly proposed ordinary-mirror neutron ($n-n'$) oscillation model under the framework of mirror matter theory. This phenomenological model is reviewed and introduced, and its explanations of the neutron lifetime anomaly and possible non-unitarity of the CKM matrix are presented. Most importantly, various new experimental proposals, especially lifetime measurements with small/narrow magnetic traps or under super-strong magnetic fields, are discussed in order to test the surprisingly large anomalous signals that are uniquely predicted by this new $n-n'$ oscillation model.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures, review paper for Universe
Quasi-configurations: building blocks for point-line configurations
Creators: name: Bokowski, Jürgen
name: Pilaud, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C30

description: We study point-line incidence structures and their properties in the projective plane. Our motivation is the problem of the existence of $(n_4)$ configurations, still open for few remaining values of $n$. Our approach is based on quasi-configurations: point-line incidence structures where each point is incident to at least $3$ lines and each line is incident to at least $3$ points. We investigate the existence problem for these quasi-configurations, with a particular attention to $3|4$-configurations where each element is $3$- or $4$-valent. We use these quasi-configurations to construct the first $(37_4)$ and $(43_4)$ configurations. The existence problem of finding $(22_4)$, $(23_4)$, and $(26_4)$ configurations remains open.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Interaction between massive planets on inclined orbits and circumstellar discs
Creators: name: Xiang-Gruess, Meng
name: Papaloizou, John C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interaction between massive planets and a gas disc with a mass in the range expected for protoplanetary discs. We use SPH simulations to study the orbital evolution of a massive planet as well as the dynamical response of the disc for planet masses between 1 and $6\ \rmn{M_J}$ and the full range of initial relative orbital inclinations. Gap formation can occur for planets in inclined orbits. For given planet mass, a threshold relative orbital inclination exists under which a gap forms. At high relative inclinations, the inclination decay rate increases for increasing planet mass and decreasing initial relative inclination. For an initial semi-major axis of 5 AU and relative inclination of $i_0=80^\circ,$ the times required for the inclination to decay by $10^\circ$ is $\sim10^{6}\ \rmn{yr}$ and $\sim10^{5}\ \rmn{yr}$ for $1\ \rmn{M_J}$ and $6\ \rmn{M_J}$. Planets on inclined orbits warp the disc by an extent that is negligible for $1\ \rmn{M_J}$ but increases with increasing mass becoming quite significant for a planet of mass $6\ \rmn{M_J}$. We also find a solid body precession of both the total disc angular momentum vector and the planet orbital momentum vector about the total angular momentum vector. Our results illustrate that the influence of an inclined massive planet on a protoplanetary disc can lead to significant changes of the disc structure and orientation which can in turn affect the orbital evolution of the planet significantly.
description: 18 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Nonlinear localized modes in PT-symmetric Rosen-Morse potential well
Creators: name: Midya, Bikashkali
name: Roychoudhury, Rajkumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the existence and properties of localized modes described by nonlinear Schroedinger equation with complex PT-symmetric Rosen-Morse potential well. Exact analytical expressions of the localized modes are found in both one dimensional and two-dimensional geometry with self-focusing and self-defocusing Kerr nonlinearity. Linear stability analysis reveals that these localized modes are unstable for all real values of the potential parameters although corresponding linear Schroedinger eigenvalue problem possesses unbroken PT-symmetry. This result has been verified by the direct numerical simulation of the governing equation. The transverse power flow density associated with these localized modes has also been examined.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Competitiveness through R&D internationalization : patent- and interview data based studies on a latecomer in the telecommunications industry
Creators: name: Schaefer, Kerstin J.
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chinese Latecomer
subject: Research and Development Internationalization
subject: Innovation Capability
subject: Greenfield Investment
subject: Mixed-Methods Approach
subject: Patentdata
subject: Chinesische Latecomer
subject: Forschungs- und Entwicklungsinternationalisierung
subject: Innovationsfähigkeit
subject: Greenfield Investitionen
subject: Mixed-Methods Ansatz
subject: Patentdaten
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie

description: In recent years, we have been observing an increase in knowledge-intensive activities from emerging market latecomer companies in established centers of state-of-the-art knowledge. This new direction of research and development (R&D) internationalization is still an under-researched strategy for latecomers to gain competitive advantage. In order to uncover these mechanisms, this dissertation uses the case of a Chinese latecomer that recently achieved a leading position in the global telecommunications market: Huawei Technologies. The focus of this dissertation is on the mechanisms that enabled the company to obtain strategic assets through R&D internationalization into leading markets. In a mixed-methods approach, quantitative patent data and qualitative interviews are combined to trace the company’s development during its emancipation from a latecomer stage to an industry leader. The results show that Huawei does its most influential R&D at its offshore locations despite the risks and challenges of having core assets abroad. By doing so, the company focuses on greenfield investments instead of acquisitions by hiring experts at offshore locations. This way, Huawei leverages the experts’ embeddedness in the networks of the global telecommunications industry, which helps the company to overcome liabilities of outsidership as well as challenges of legitimacy and become part of the global industry community. Since the company has caught up on technological and organizational knowledge, it now splits its R&D tasks between research in centers of state-of-the-art technologies and development in China, in order to transfer innovative ideas from abroad to its domestic locations. Thus, the company gains output capability by bridging the lack of innovative capability at its domestic R&D location by employing experienced and creative experts at its offshore locations.
Weakly Supervised Temporal Convolutional Networks for Fine-grained Surgical Activity Recognition
Creators: name: Ramesh, Sanat
name: Dall'Alba, Diego
name: Gonzalez, Cristians
name: Yu, Tong
name: Mascagni, Pietro
name: Mutter, Didier
name: Marescaux, Jacques
name: Fiorini, Paolo
name: Padoy, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic recognition of fine-grained surgical activities, called steps, is a challenging but crucial task for intelligent intra-operative computer assistance. The development of current vision-based activity recognition methods relies heavily on a high volume of manually annotated data. This data is difficult and time-consuming to generate and requires domain-specific knowledge. In this work, we propose to use coarser and easier-to-annotate activity labels, namely phases, as weak supervision to learn step recognition with fewer step annotated videos. We introduce a step-phase dependency loss to exploit the weak supervision signal. We then employ a Single-Stage Temporal Convolutional Network (SS-TCN) with a ResNet-50 backbone, trained in an end-to-end fashion from weakly annotated videos, for temporal activity segmentation and recognition. We extensively evaluate and show the effectiveness of the proposed method on a large video dataset consisting of 40 laparoscopic gastric bypass procedures and the public benchmark CATARACTS containing 50 cataract surgeries.
Ultrahigh Transmission Optical Nanofibers
Creators: name: Hoffman, J. E.
name: Ravets, S.
name: Grover, J. A.
name: Solano, P.
name: Kordell, P. R.
name: Wong-Campos, J. D.
name: Orozco, L. A.
name: Rolston, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a procedure for reproducibly fabricating ultrahigh transmission optical nanofibers (530 nm diameter and 84 mm stretch) with single-mode transmissions of 99.95 $ \pm$ 0.02%, which represents a loss from tapering of 2.6 $\,\times \,$ 10$^{-5}$ dB/mm when normalized to the entire stretch. When controllably launching the next family of higher-order modes on a fiber with 195 mm stretch, we achieve a transmission of 97.8 $\pm$ 2.8%, which has a loss from tapering of 5.0 $\,\times \,$ 10$^{-4}$ dB/mm when normalized to the entire stretch. Our pulling and transfer procedures allow us to fabricate optical nanofibers that transmit more than 400 mW in high vacuum conditions. These results, published as parameters in our previous work, present an improvement of two orders of magnitude less loss for the fundamental mode and an increase in transmission of more than 300% for higher-order modes, when following the protocols detailed in this paper. We extract from the transmission during the pull, the only reported spectrogram of a fundamental mode launch that does not include excitation to asymmetric modes; in stark contrast to a pull in which our cleaning protocol is not followed. These results depend critically on the pre-pull cleanliness and when properly following our pulling protocols are in excellent agreement with simulations.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures, accepted to AIP Advances