cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data from: Rise and diversification of chondrichthyans in the Paleozoic
Creators: name: Schnetz, Lisa
name: Dunne, Emma
name: Feichtinger, Iris
name: Butler, Richard
name: Coates, Michael
name: Sansom, Ivan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Hangenberg extinction
early evolution
subsampling
Diversity patterns
acanthodians

description: The Paleozoic represents a key time interval in the origins and early diversification of chondrichthyans (cartilaginous fishes), but their diversity and macroevolution are largely obscured by heterogenous spatial and temporal sampling. The predominantly cartilaginous skeletons of chondrichthyans pose an additional limitation on their preservation potential and hence on the quality of their fossil record. Here, we use a newly compiled genus-level dataset and the application of sampling standardization methods to analyze global total-chondrichthyan diversity dynamics through time from their first appearance in the Ordovician through to the end of the Permian. Subsampled estimates of chondrichthyan genus richness were initially low in the Ordovician and Silurian but increased substantially in the early Devonian. Richness reached its maximum in the middle Carboniferous before dropping across the Carboniferous/Permian boundary and gradually decreasing throughout the Permian. Sampling is higher in both the Devonian and Carboniferous compared with the Silurian and most of the Permian stages. Shark-like scales from the Ordovician are too limited to allow for some of the subsampling techniques. Our results detect two Paleozoic radiations in chondrichthyan diversity: the first in the earliest Devonian, led by acanthodians (stem-group chondrichthyans), which then decline rapidly by the late Devonian, and the second in the earliest Carboniferous, led by holocephalans, which increase greatly in richness across the Devonian-Carboniferous boundary. Dispersal of chondrichthyans, specifically holocephalans, into deeper water environments may reflect a niche expansion following the faunal displacement in the aftermath of the Hangenberg extinction event at the end of the Devonian.
description: Funding provided by: Natural Environment Research CouncilCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/02b5d8509Award Number: NE/L002493/1
Funding provided by: SYNTHESYS project*Crossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number:
description: All information on data collection as well as specific details can be found in the Methods section of the manuscript. Please also see the README file for additional data & method information.
PITYOPHAGUS QUERCUS REITTER, 1877, A NEW SAPROXYLIC SAP BEETLE FOR THE ITALIAN FAUNA (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae)
Creators: name: Audisio, Paolo
name: Chiari, Stefano
name: Zauli, Agnese
name: Jansson, Nicklas
name: Carpaneto, Giuseppe Maria
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: During ecological investigations on saproxylic beetle communities of central Italy (Latium), at Bosco Polverino (a mixed evergreen/deciduous forest fragment dominated by cork oaks), and at Allumiere (a small fragment of beech forest surrounded by turkey oak stands), the authors found three specimens of Pityophagus quercus Reitter, 1877 (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae). These are the first known records of this species in Italy, and the first one in association with an evergreen oak, Quercus suber. This discovery led us to review both bionomical and faunistic data so far available on this exceedingly rare and poorly known species.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 2 (2011)
UNA NUOVA TYPHLOREICHEIA DELLA SARDEGNA CENTRO-ORIENTALE (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Creators: name: Magrini, Paolo
name: Marcia, Paolo
name: Onnis, Carlo
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: Nella presente nota è descritta Typhloreicheia casalei n. sp., scoperta nella grotta Grotta “Buco sotto la punta Zippiri” N° 2649 Sa/NU (Supramonte di Urzulei, Ogliastra, Sardegna centro-orientale), ben distinta da tutte le specie note di Sardegna particolarmente per la struttura dei genitali sia maschili sia femminili. Il lobo mediano dell’edeago è grande, molto arcuato, con apice flesso sul lato ventrale ad angolo retto (caratteristica per ora unica nel genere); nell’endofallo è presente una lamella copulatrice grande, subtriangolare, ben sclerificata, a forma di “testa di serpente”. Anche i parameri presentano caratteristiche peculiari: grandi, molto larghi soprattutto all’apice, e forniti di tre setole apicali di grandi dimensioni. L’ovopositore si presenta relativamente piccolo, con gonostili sottili e arcuati, e forniti sul margine esterno di due sottili setole ensiformi per lato, molto allungate. Per la struttura dell’edeago, la nuova specie risulta particolarmente affine a Typhloreicheia sardoa Baudi, 1891 del massiccio del Gennargentu, che presenta anche la medesima chetotassi elitrale, con setole presenti sulle interstrie 2, 3, 5, 7. Le importanti differenze morfologiche fra le due specie sono illustrate nel testo e nelle figure.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 2 (2011)
DUE NUOVE SPECIE SINTOPICHE DI TYPHLOREICHEIA DELLA SARDEGNA SUD-ORIENTALE (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Creators: name: Magrini, Paolo
name: Marcia, Paolo
name: Casale, Achille
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: Vengono descritte e illustrate due nuove specie sintopiche di Typhloreicheia della Sardegna sud-orientale: la prima, T. carlonnisi n. sp., campionata alla base del pozzo d’ingresso della Grotta Su Pittiolu de Gospuru (Armungia, Cagliari), la seconda, T. paladinii n. sp., campionata sotto i massi che circondano l’ingresso della medesima cavità e sul Monte Lora presso San Vito (Muravera). La prima risulta affine per molti caratteri alle specie del “gruppo angelae” (sensu Magrini 2003a), e si distingue dalle altre Typhloreicheia note di Sardegna per la combinazione dei seguenti caratteri: piccole dimensioni, tempie appiattite e poco sporgenti, elitre con setole discali presenti nelle interstrie 2-3-5-7 e margini laterali con denticoli presenti fino all’apice; edeago breve, con apice del lobo mediano sottile e incurvato ventralmente in visione laterale, asimmetrico in visione ventrale. Lamella copulatrice costituita da una lamina allungata con apice arrotondato, con la porzione dorsale nettamente sclerificata in forma di artiglio. La seconda, appartenente al “gruppo occulta” (sensu Magrini & Bulirsch 2002), si differenzia dall’affine Typhloreicheia viti Magrini & Bulirsch, 2002 per le elitre più allungate e meno convesse, per l’edeago più robusto, con lobo mediano meno appuntito e appena incurvato a sinistra in visione ventrale e apice più corto e largo in visione laterale, e per la lamella copulatrice con apice più arrotondato; le differenze nettamente maggiori nei confronti delle altre specie del gruppo sono evidenziate nella chiave dicotomica allegata. La spettacolare radiazione adattativa del genere Typhloreicheia in Sardegna, recentemente proposta e discussa da uno degli autori del presente contributo (A.C.), e le ipotesi concernenti l’origine di questa linea di Reicheiina nell’isola, sono richiamate ed evidenziate alla luce dei nuovi dati.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 2 (2011)
Dynamics of a dislocation bypassing an impenetrable precipitate: the Hirsch mechanism revisited
Creators: name: Hatano, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical process where an edge dislocation in fcc copper bypasses an impenetrable precipitate is investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulation. A mechanism which is quite different from the Orowan mechanism is observed, where a dislocation leaves two prismatic loops near a precipitate: i.e. the Hirsch mechanism. It is found that the critical stress for the Hirsch mechanism is almost the same with the Orowan stress, while the spatial inhomogeneity of the shear stress is essential to the Hirsch mechanism. We also find that the repetition of the Hirsch mechanism does not increase the critical stress.
description: 4 pages
IN RICORDO DI BACCIO BACCETTI (Firenze, 7 maggio 1931 - Siena, 18 dicembre 2010)
Creators: name: Sbordoni, Valerio
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: -
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 1 (2011)
Accelerometer Method of Riding-Quality Testing
Creators: name: Rizenbergs, Rolands L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: At a meeting of Highway Research Board Committee D-B4 last January, R. L. Rizenbergs presented an oral description of our development of the accelerometer method of measuring road roughness; and representatives from several state highway departments expressed an interest in duplicating our instrumentation. It became incumbent upon us then to prepare a more formal description for distribution to the Committee and other interested parties. The report submitted herewith is intended to fulfill that purpose. No specific action is requested. Copies are furnished for information only.
Time and Dirac Observables in Friedmann Cosmologies
Creators: name: Farajollahi, Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cosmological time variable is emerged from the Hamiltonian formulation of Friedmann model to measure the evolution of dynamical observables in the theory. A set of observables has been identified for the theory on the null hypersurfaces that its evolution is with respect to the volume clock introduced by the cosmological time variable.
description: 11 pages
title: Mandatory self-reporting of criminal conduct by a company: corporate rights and engaging the privilege against self-incrimination
Creators: name: Fisher, Jonathan Simon
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2021

description: This thesis considers whether the privilege against self-incrimination is engaged when a company is required to make a suspicious activity report which discloses criminal conduct committed by an officer or employee pursuant to section 330(1) of the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002. If the assertion of the privilege is not recognised, a company’s failure to disclose suspicious information will constitute a criminal offence punishable by unlimited fine. Whilst the scope of an individual’s obligation to self-report criminal conduct is relatively narrow, there is much wider exposure for a company which acts only through the conduct of its officers and employees. The research is doctrinal and addresses important theoretical issues. Locating mandatory reporting within a contemporary narrative which embraces criminal liability for omissions, the thesis develops a theoretical foundation for the law’s recognition of a company’s claim to assert the privilege against self-incrimination in response to the self-reporting aspect of the mandatory requirement. As a fundamental civil liberty, the underlying rationales of the privilege are enlivened by the coercive force which the mandatory reporting requirement presents. The privilege serves to maintain evidential reliability, and protect dignity, autonomy, and privacy. To develop the claim that a company is entitled to assert the privilege against self-incrimination, the basis on which a company may assert rights is comprehensively explored. Traditional approaches struggle to provide an adequate basis for the recognition of corporate rights. The research draws on consequentialist arguments which sustain the law’s acknowledgment of corporate rights and, in particular, a company’s right to assert the privilege against self-incrimination where the company is exposed to the risk of criminal investigation and prosecution. This line of contention engages with the work of modernist theorists who conceptualise a company as a moral agent.
AN ANALYSIS OF PRICE POLICIES FOR WHEAT AND RICE IN CHINA
Creators: name: Jiao, Hui
name: Jiao, Hui
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the Chinese wheat and rice industries. The specific purpose is to analyze government policies for wheat and rice, and their impacts on industry performance. Dynamic relationships among prices, quantities and total GNP are investigated with a vector autoregression using Chinese data. Government intervention in domestic commodity markets is quite common in China. The Chinese government is not only heavily involved in production, but also in marketing and distribution of most commodities, especially agricultural products. Production planning and collection rationing are used to reduce the need for food imports. Grain price policy is used as an economic tool to promote the government's objectives of maintaining price stability and containing inflation. Rice and wheat are an important constituent of Chinese food consumption, and these grains are also a big part of agricultural production. Sixty percent of the total agricultural output value is from grain production, and fifty-seven percent of total output of grain is from rice and wheat. The price is not a result of market equilibrium between supply and demand in China. Rather, the price is a measure of the government's distribution objectives among different sectors. It is known that China is different from market economies in its institutions. For example, most western countries have a market system, and prices are determined by the equilibrium of supply and demand. China is a socialist country and administers a planned economy. No free markets were allowed to exist before the economic reform of 1979. Thus, conventional supply and demand analysis cannot explain the price level since prices of commodities are not determined in a market. This paper consist of six sections. The next section discusses VAR models. The following section is an overview of Chinese grain policy. Section four reports on setting up the models. Results are presented in section five, and section six contains conclusions.
A FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR ESTIMATING THE VALUE OF COMMERCIAL FISHERY
Creators: name: Ghanbari, M. Reza
name: Ghanbari, M. Reza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Production Economics

description: The "best" use of natural resources -- using them where they are needed the most and can provide the greatest return to society with respect to economic, political, and environmental standards -- is a basic question facing our society. It is a question that has received more and more attention in recent years, as an acute awareness of ecological problems has developed in the industrialized portion of the world. The problem has also become more complex as more and more natural resources are subjected to more intensive multiple uses. Conflicts arise between the users of such resources when the actions of one user encroach upon the use of the resource by another. Usually such conflicts can only be resolved by limiting one or more uses. In the case of renewable natural resources, such as fisheries, forests, or populations of other wild animals, assuming there is more than one user, the primary problems are, first, what is the optimum annual yield and how do we harvest only that amount, and second, how to divide the annual yield or harvest of the resource among the alternative users. In the Great Lakes, there is a general recognition by fisheries managers that there is some optimum combination of commercial and sport fishing that would best utilize the productive capacity of the resource. However, at present no one can precisely document the social values, the ecological constraints and the management technology needed to precisely determine optimal management of Great Lakes fisheries.
THYMELICUS LINEOLA IN SARDEGNA, SPECIE INDIGENA MISCONOSCIUTA O RECENTE INTRODUZIONE ANTROPICA? (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae)
Creators: name: Doneddu, Mario
name: Leo, Piero
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: Si riporta la presenza di Thymelicus lineola (Ochsenheimer, 1808) (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae) in Sardegna e si discute della sua possibile appartenenza alla fauna autoctona o in alternativa delle modalità con le quali abbia raggiunto l’isola.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 1 (2011)
[Field notes]
Creators: name: Jerónimo Laureano, Miguel
name: Santiago Francisco, José
name: McFarland, Teresa
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: tlp

description: The digital files associated with this Item include a series of scanned images from original physical objects. These images are aggregated at lower resolution in the file 2020-02.006.pdf. The original full resolution scans are collected in 2020-02.006.zip. Metadata pertaining to each scanned image is compiled in the tab-separated text file 2020-02.006.txt.
CHARCOAL PRODUCTION AND AGRICULTURAL EXPANSION INTO THE PERUVIAN AMAZON RAINFOREST: A HOUSEHOLD ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Labarta-Chavarri, Ricardo Antonio
name: Labarta-Chavarri, Ricardo Antonio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Agricultural expansion has traditionally led colonization of the Amazonian rainforest. Recently, pioneer farmers in the forest margins around Pucallpa, Peru, have been changing their production decisions and altering the deforestation process. In response to a government policy to protect forests in another region of the country, pioneer farmers have begun to add charcoal production to their activities. A recursive, dynamic optimization model analyzes how the incorporation of charcoal production by a representative pioneer farm would affect household net returns and the rate of deforestation. The model predicts that after 10 years, a net revenue maximizing pioneer farmer would increase household earnings and reduce forest conversion by producing charcoal. A sensitivity analysis predicts that farmers would allocate most of any additional labor to charcoal production, reinforcing the conservation effect. However, the long-term effects of charcoal production upon rainforest conversion will depend upon how extra earnings are reinvested, a decision that is beyond the scope of this model.
Blinking statistics of a molecular beacon triggered by end-denaturation of DNA
Creators: name: Ambjoernsson, Tobias
name: Metzler, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a master equation approach based on the Poland-Scheraga free energy for DNA denaturation to investigate the (un)zipping dynamics of a denaturation wedge in a stretch of DNA, that is clamped at one end. In particular, we quantify the blinking dynamics of a fluorophore-quencher pair mounted within the denaturation wedge. We also study the behavioural changes in the presence of proteins, that selectively bind to single-stranded DNA. We show that such a setup could be well-suited as an easy-to-implement nanodevice for sensing environmental conditions in small volumes.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX, IOP style. Accepted to J Phys Cond Mat special issue on diffusion
A Note on the Effects of Non-Transferable Quotas on Supply Functions
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Alston, Julian M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Marketing systems using non-transferable or imperfectly transferable quotas induce shifts in supply as well as shifts along supply functions. There are social costs associated with these shifts which are additional to those normally recognised in the literature. To reduce the size of the shifts in supply and the social costs, quotas should he efficiently transferable.
Subaru Super Deep Field with Adaptive Optics I. Observations and First Implications
Creators: name: Minowa, Yosuke
name: Kobayashi, Naoto
name: Yoshii, Yuzuru
name: Totani, Tomonori
name: Maihara, Toshinori
name: Iwamuro, Fumihide
name: Takami, Hideki
name: Takato, Naruhisa
name: Hayano, Yutaka
name: Terada, Hiroshi
name: Oya, Shin
name: Iye, Masanori
name: Tokunaga, Alan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep $K^{\prime}$-band (2.12$μ$m) imaging of 1\arcmin\ $\times$ 1\arcmin Subaru Super Deep Field (SSDF) taken with the Subaru adaptive optics (AO) system. Total integration time of 26.8 hours results in the limiting magnitude of $K^{\prime} \sim 24.7$ (5$σ$, 0\farcs2 aperture) for point sources and $K^{\prime} \sim 23.5$ (5$σ$, 0\farcs6 aperture) for galaxies, which is the deepest limit ever achieved in the $K^{\prime}$ band. The average stellar FWHM of the co-added image is 0\farcs18. Based on the photometric measurements of detected galaxies, we obtained the differential galaxy number counts, for the first time, down to $K^{\prime} \sim 25$, which is more than 0.5 mag deeper than the previous data. We found that the number count slope $d\log N/dm$ is about 0.15 at $22 < K^{\prime} < 25$, which is flatter than the previous data. Therefore, detected galaxies in the SSDF have only negligible contribution to the near-infrared extragalactic background light (EBL), and the discrepancy claimed so far between the diffuse EBL measurements and the estimated EBL from galaxy count integration has become more serious . The size distribution of detected galaxies was obtained down to the area size of less than 0.1 arcsec$^2$, which is less than a half of the previous data in the $K^{\prime}$ band. We compared the observed size-magnitude relation with a simple pure luminosity evolution model allowing for intrinsic size evolution, and found that a model with no size evolution gives the best fit to the data. It implies that the surface brightness of galaxies at high redshift is not much different from that expected from the size-luminosity relation of present-day galaxies.
description: 17 pages, 28 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Information bound for entropy production from the detailed fluctuation theorem
Creators: name: Salazar, Domingos S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuation theorems impose fundamental bounds in the statistics of the entropy production, with the second law of thermodynamics being the most famous. Using information theory, we quantify the information of entropy production and find an upper tight bound as a function of its mean from the strong detailed fluctuation theorem. The bound is given in terms of a maximal distribution, a member of the exponential family with nonlinear argument. We show that the entropy produced by heat transfer using a bosonic mode at weak coupling reproduces the maximal distribution in a limiting case. The upper bound is extended to the continuous domain and verified for the heat transfer using a levitated nanoparticle. Finally, we show that a composition of qubit swap engines satisfies a particular case of the maximal distribution regardless of its size.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Evaluating a Pig Carcase Classification Service Using Willingness to Pay Techniques
Creators: name: Mullen, John D.
name: Mullen, John D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Samples of pig producers and buyers operating at Blayney Abattoir were surveyed for their willingness to pay for the pig carcase classification service which has been in operation there since 1974. The survey of producers encountered few problems. The service was valued at more then twice its cost by seventy-one respondents representing about one third of producers normally supplying Blayney. The survey of buyers was less successful and little reliance was placed on its results.
Nonuniversality of the dispersion interaction: analytic benchmarks for van der Waals energy functionals
Creators: name: Dobson, John F.
name: Rubio, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We highlight the non-universality of the asymptotic behavior of dispersion forces, such that a sum of inverse sixth power contributions is often inadequate. We analytically evaluate the cross-correlation energy Ec between two pi-conjugated layers separated by a large distance D within the electromagnetically non-retarded Random Phase Approximation, via a tight-binding model. For two perfect semimetallic graphene sheets at T=0K we find Ec = C D^{-3}, in contrast to the "insulating" D^{-4} dependence predicted by currently accepted approximations. We also treat the case where one graphene layer is replaced by a thin metal, a model relevant to the exfoliation of graphite. Our general considerations also apply to nanotubes, nanowires and layered metals.
description: 4 pages, 0 figs
Insulation of Concrete Bridge Decks
Creators: name: Mossbarger, W. A.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The complete elimination of snow and ice from principal highways would dispel the last real impediment from winter-time driving. It is not possible, of course, to prevent rain and snow from falling onto the roadway nor to heat endless miles of roads in order to keep them snow-and ice-free. Applications of de-icing salts during the onset or following icy weather has become a standard practice since 1948, and the quantity of salt used for this purpose has increased steadily each successive year. At the present time, salting provides the most expediently satisfactory treatment for icing conditions. Bridges sometimes pose a rather special problem inasmuch as they are more exposed and tend to ice prematurely--that is, before the condition prevails elsewhere or throughout the roadway. This poses a rather serious hazard for unwary motorists who are traveling confidently upon a wet pavement and who suddenly find themselves confronted with a dangerous, icy, or frosty bridge. Warning signs and caution lights are sometimes installed at critical locations. Because bridges tend to respond more readily to changes in air temperature, they experience more severe temperatures than pavements resting directly on earth and appear to suffer commensurately greater damage from winter freezes.
DUE NUOVE SPECIE DI RAYMONDIONYMUS DELLA TOSCANA (Coleoptera, Raymondionymidae)
Creators: name: Magrini, Paolo
name: Abbazzi, Piero
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: Nella presente nota vengono descritti due nuovi Curculionoidea della Toscana, Raymondionymus degiovannii n. sp. e R. antoninii n. sp., entrambi raccolti mediante l’uso di trappole, il primo nello strato endogeo profondo e il secondo in ambiente ipogeo. R. degiovannii n. sp. risulta affine a R. andreinii (Osella, 1977) dei Monti della Calvana (Firenze-Prato), ma se ne distingue per le dimensioni maggiori, il pronoto più dilatato ai lati, le elitre più larghe alla base, le interstrie più rilevate, la clava più allungata, la netta differenza della superficie inferiore e l’edeago con svasatura apicale diversa, bottone apicale più tozzo e lamina ventrale con curvatura meno marcata. R. antoninii n. sp. si distingue agevolmente dagli altri taxa toscani per la porzione anteriore del corpo particolarmente stretta. Nel testo vengono riportate immagini fotografiche dei principali caratteri morfologici (sia interni che esterni), che contraddistinguono le nuove specie, nell’ambito del genere.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 1 (2011)
Beef Cow Inventory Response: An Attempt to Apply the Adaptive Risk Model
Creators: name: Harrison, Ian
name: Harrison, Ian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: An analysis of variations in the annual inventory of beef cows and heifers at the regional level in New South Wales using Just's adaptive risk model is reported. The State has been divided into six relatively homogeneous regions for the purposes of the study. Wherever significant coefficient estimates are obtained, inventories in the various regions are positively related to expected beef price and the variance of prices of alternative commodities and negatively related to expected prices of alternative commodities and the variance of beef price. Some of the limitations of the adaptive risk model in analysing the beef industry are discussed.
Obtaining Highway Engineering Services from Professional Engineers in Private Practice
Creators: name: Shaver, R. E.
name: Hutchinson, John W.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Current state highway department procedures for obtaining private professional engineering services are reviewed and summarized as part of a study of the consulting engineering contracting policy and procedures of the Kentucky Department of Highways. The current bases used by state highway departments for establishment of fees for the professional services of Engineering Consultants, Attorneys, Right-of-Way Appraisers, Right-of-Way Buyers, and Architects are summarized, by state, in Table 1. In general, the consulting engineering contracting practices followed in Kentucky were found to be a combination of the most desirable points of procedure represented in the replies received from other state highway departments and recommended by the Bureau of Public Roads and the professional societies. The recommendations include a Statement of Consulting Engineering Contracting Policy and Procedures which, except for noted revisions, is a restatement of Kentucky Department of Highways Official Order No. 73646, "Consulting Engineering Contract Procedures," dated March 2, 1965.
OSSERVAZIONI SULLA BIOLOGIA DI VESPERUS MACROPTERUS (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae)
Creators: name: Sechi, Daniele
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: Il presente lavoro fornisce un primo contributo alla conoscenza della biologia di Vesperus macropterus Sama, 1999 ed è basato su osservazioni in campo, effettuate in un sito della provincia di Cagliari. Le femmine di questa specie depongono le uova sulle infiorescenze disseccate di alcune piante erbacee anche a più di 1,5 m di altezza; le larve neonate raggiungono il terreno spostandosi sulla superficie o all’interno della pianta, a seconda della specie vegetale dove è avvenuta la deposizione. In nessuna altra specie del genere Vesperus Dejean, 1821 è mai stata osservata una tale biologia. Si ipotizza inoltre che esista una correlazione tra lo sviluppo delle ali membranose delle femmine e l’atipica strategia di ovideposizione della specie.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 1 (2011)
Muon-spin-rotation measurements of the penetration depth in Li_2Pd_3B
Creators: name: Khasanov, R.
name: Landau, I. L.
name: Baines, C.
name: La Mattina, F.
name: Maisuradze, A.
name: Togano, K.
name: Keller, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the magnetic field penetration depth $λ$ in the ternary boride superconductor Li$_2$Pd$_3$B ($T_c\simeq7.3$ K) have been carried out by means of muon-spin rotation ($μ$SR). The absolute values of $λ$, the Ginzburg-Landau parameter $κ$, and the first $H_{c1}$ and the second $H_{c2}$ critical fields at T=0 obtained from $μ$SR were found to be $λ(0)=252(2)$ nm, $κ(0)=27(1)$, $μ_0H_{c1}(0)=9.5(1)$ mT, and $μ_0H_{c2}(0)=3.66(8)$ T, respectively. The zero-temperature value of the superconducting gap $Δ_0=$1.31(3) meV was found, corresponding to the ratio $2Δ_0/k_BT_c=4.0(1)$. At low temperatures $λ(T)$ saturates and becomes constant below $T\simeq 0.2T_c$, in agreement with what is expected for s-wave BCS superconductors. Our results suggest that Li$_2$Pd$_3$B is a s-wave BCS superconductor with the only one isotropic energy gap.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
FURTHER RECORDS OF SCARABAEOIDEA FOUND INSIDE BURROWS OF RODENTS IN IRAN (Coleoptera)
Creators: name: Ziani, Stefano
name: Moradi Gharakhloo, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: A list of Scarabaeoids collected in burrows of rodents in Iran is presented. It represents the fourth contribution by the authors aimed at increasing the knowledge of the nidicolous scarab beetles. Aphodius coniugatus (Panzer, 1795) and Phaeaphodius tauricola (Hrubant, 1961) (Aphodiidae) are recorded for the first time from Iran. Original drawings of aedeagus and epipharynx of the latter species are included. A new dichotomic key to the species of the Onthophagus ponticus lineage (Scarabaeidae) is presented.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 1 (2011)
Singular BPS boundary conditions in $\mathcal{N} = (2,2)$ supersymmetric gauge theories
Creators: name: Okazaki, Tadashi
name: Smith, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive general BPS boundary conditions in two-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetric gauge theories. We analyze the solutions of these boundary conditions, and in particular those that allow the bulk fields to have poles at the boundary. We also present the brane configurations for the half- and quarter-BPS boundary conditions of the $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ supersymmetric gauge theories in terms of branes in Type IIA string theory. We find that both A-type and B-type brane configurations are lifted to M-theory as a system of M2-branes ending on an M5-brane wrapped on a product of a holomorphic curve in $\mathbb{C}^2$ with a special Lagrangian 3-cycle in $\mathbb{C}^3$.
description: 68 pages, 1 figure; v2: published version in JHEP
Economic Surplus Concepts and Their Use in Benefit Cost Analysis
Creators: name: Randall, Alan
name: Randall, Alan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: The conceptual bases for project evaluation, the use of Hicksian consumer's surplus concepts of value, and the implementation of the currently accepted techniques for valuing non-marketed goods and services, are developed in some detail. While the primary focus is on partial equilibrium analysis of changes pertaining to a single good, some of the complications introduced by multiple changes and general equilibrium conditions are considered.
NOTES ON PALAEARCTIC XANTHOLININI. VI. NEW SPECIES AND NEW RECORDS FROM CAUCASUS (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) (*)
Creators: name: Bordoni, Arnaldo
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: (*) 223° contribution on the knowledge of the Staphylinidae. Leptacinus khachikovi n. sp., Gyrohypnus khachikovi n. sp., Xantholinus biseriatus n. sp., Xantholinus circassicus n. sp., Xantholinus daghestanicus n. sp. are described from South European Territory of Russia. New records are listed for the named regions: Gauropterus notabilis Kirshenblat, 1951 (Daghestan), Xantholinus fortepunctatus Motschulsky, 1860 (Russian Caucasus), X. audrasi Coiffait, 1956 and Hypnogyra angularis (Ganglbauer, 1895) (South European Territory of Russia). Neotype of Xantholinus maykopensis Coiffait, 1966 is designated.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 1 (2011)
Local community participation in the establishment of national parks : planning for cooperation
Creators: name: Octeau, Claudia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The planning and management of parks and protected areas has become increasingly complex. Parks can no longer be managed as islands of wilderness in light of the interconnectedness of the social, economic and biophysical systems. Many protected areas today are failing to reach their conservation mandate while the sustainability of others is threatened. Among the predominant threats to national parks are those associated with surrounding communities. The need to actively involve local communities in protected areas planning and management, in order to build cooperative relationships between communities and the park agency, has been recognized since the late 70's. However, the traditional centralized planning approach has created a challenge for many park agencies to engage iri effective public participation. This thesis is an evaluation of Parks Canada's approach to public participation. Nine criteria of effective public participation were selected from the literature for the analytical framework. The evaluation was carried out in two steps. The first consisted in a detailed evaluation of the public participation approach used in the Saguenay St. Lawrence Marine Park (SSLMP) establishment process. The second step consisted in the analysis of the general approach to public participation and in the identification of the main constraints to effective public participation within Parks Canada. The evaluations were based on a series of interviews with Parks Canada personnel and other stakeholders involved in the establishment of national parks. In the SSLMP evaluation, it was found that most of the criteria were not considered in the development of a public participation approach. The main forms of public participation practiced consisted of public information sessions followed by public hearings. These forms of public participation contrasted significantly with the demand of the local communities for active involvement. The creation of the Consultation Committee towards the end of the establishment phase provided the communities with an opportunity for active involvement. The planners interviewed in both evaluations had limited knowledge of the theory and practice of public participation. The constraints identified by planners to the consideration of the criteria included time, money, the politics of the establishment process, and various technical and organizational limitations. As a result of the evaluation it was concluded that proposing criteria of effective public participation in order to assist planners in the development of a public participation strategy would not alone suffice to assure more effective public participation practices. Three areas of intervention were proposed to address 1) the skills development need 2) the development of an integrated planning approach which includes public participation, and 3) the disparity between the policies and the actual practice of public participation at Parks Canada.
General stability criterion of inviscid parallel flow
Creators: name: Sun, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A more restrictively general stability criterion of two-dimensional inviscid parallel flow is obtained analytically. First, a sufficient criterion for stability is found as either $-μ_1
description: Revtex4, 4 pages, 2 figures, extends the first part of physics/0512208, Accepted, to be continued
The Social Benefits from an Increase in Productivity in a Part of an Industry
Creators: name: Edwards, Geoff W.
name: Freebairn, John W.
name: Edwards, Geoff W.
name: Freebairn, John W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: Productivity often increases in a part of an industry while remaining unchanged in the rest of the industry. In assessing the social gain from a productivity increase in a part of an industry producing a tradeable commodity it is necessary to consider the relationships between the part of the industry affected, the industry in the rest of the country concerned and the industry in the rest of the world. In this paper an attempt to assess the social benefits of serrated tussock control on the tablelands of New South Wales is critically reviewed and found wanting. An analytical framework is outlined that is conceptually appropriate to that task, and to other situations where cost per unit of output is reduced in a part of an industry. The social gains from the control of serrated tussock on the New South Wales tablelands are recalculated. A discussion is also presented of some issues in the distribution of the gains from research.
title: Weeping Fig :
title: Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Weeping Fig
Group identity.
New Varieties of Plants

description: The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to elaborate the principles contained in the General Introduction (document TG/1/3), and its associated TGP documents, into detailed practical guidance for the harmonized examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) and, in particular, to identify appropriate characteristics for the examination of DUS and production of harmonized variety descriptions.
DUE NUOVI CEPHENNIUM DELLE ALPI APUANE (TOSCANA) (Coleoptera, Scydmaenidae)
Creators: name: Castellini, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: Si descrivono due nuove specie, Cephennium doderianum e C. apuanum, su esemplari raccolti nella catena montuosa delle Alpi Apuane, in Toscana; si espongono inoltre alcune osservazioni e considerazioni sulla struttura edeagica delle due specie.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 1 (2011)
Off-Farm Investment and Employment in the Australian Grazing Industry: A Preliminary Analysis
Creators: name: Robinson, Chris
name: McMahon, Pat J.
name: Robinson, Chris
name: McMahon, Pat J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: The deployment of resources off the farm constitutes an important aspect of resource use in Australian agriculture. The aims in this paper are to document the nature and extent of off-farm employment and investment in the Australian grazing industry, to undertake an analysis to identify the factors important in determining both the type of off-farm employment undertaken by operators and the off-farm employment-investment strategy chosen by the farm family, and to present farmers' reasons given for undertaking off-farm employment and investment. Off-farm employment and off-farm investment were found to be widespread in the Australian grazing industry, with the majority of farm families receiving some income from off-farm sources. In addition to the relative incomes earned from farm and off-farm sources, human capital, family structure and the life cycle stage and some non-pecuniary influences were found to be important in determining the type of off-farm resources deployment undertaken, particularly with respect to off-farm employment. Many farmers were found to view off-farm employment and off-farm investment as efficient and profitable alternatives to the allocation of all resources to farm activities.
Discrete gravity dynamics from effective spin foams
Creators: name: Asante, Seth K.
name: Dittrich, Bianca
name: Haggard, Hal M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first computation of a spin foam dynamics that provides a test of the quantum equations of motions of gravity is presented. Specifically, a triangulation that includes an inner edge is treated. The computation leverages the recently introduced effective spin foam models, which are particularly numerically efficient. Previous work has raised the concern of a flatness problem in spin foam dynamics, identifying the potential for the dynamics to lead to flat geometries in the small $\hbar$ semiclassical limit. The numerical results presented here expose a rich semiclassical regime, but one that must be understood as an interplay between the various parameters of the spin foam model. In particular, the scale of the triangulation, fixed by the areas of its boundary triangles, the discreteness of the area spectrum, input from Loop Quantum Gravity, and the curvature scales around the bulk triangles, all enter the characterization of the semiclassical regime identified here. In addition to these results on the dynamics, we show that the subtle nature of the semiclassical regime is a generic feature of the path integral quantization of systems with second class constraints.
description: 39 pages, 19 figures
CP asymmetries and branching ratios of B --> K πin supersymmetric models
Creators: name: Khalil, Shaaban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the supersymmetric contributions to the direct and mixing CP asymmetries and also to the branching ratios of the B --> K πdecays in a model independent way. We consider both gluino and chargino exchanges and emphasize that a large gluino contribution is essential for saturating the direct and mixing CP asymmetries. We also find that combined contributions from the penguin diagrams with chargino and gluino in the loop could lead to a possible solution for the branching ratios puzzle and account for the results of R_c and R_n within b --> s γconstraints. When all relevant constraints are satisfied, our result indicates that supersymmetry favors lower values of R_c. Finally we study the correlations between the mixing CP asymmetry S_{K^0 π^0} and mixing CP asymmetries of the processes B --> ϕK and B --> η' K. We show that it is quite possible for gluino exchanges to accommodate the results of that observables
description: 36 pages, 3 figures
Relative Economic Efficiency in the Australian Grazing Industry
Creators: name: Lawrence, Denis
name: Hone, Phillip
name: Lawrence, Denis
name: Hone, Phillip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: The Lau and Yotopoulos restricted profit function methodology for testing for differences in economic efficiency and its components of allocative and technical efficiency is applied to data from grazing properties in the High Rainfall Zone of New South Wales. Tests are made on the basis of property size and operator's age. Larger farms are found to be significantly more economically efficient than smaller farms. The range of data considered in this study is found to exhibit constant returns to scale. Operator's age is found to have no effect on economic, allocative or technical efficiency and both younger and older operators are found to allocate variable inputs optimally. Finally, the usefulness of the methodology for examining issues related to economic efficiency in the Australian agricultural sector is assesed.
TWO NEW BLENNIDUS (AGRAPHODERUS) SPECIES FROM PERU, WITH SYNONYMIC NOTES (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
Creators: name: Giachino, Pier Mauro
name: Allegro, Gianni
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Entomologica
Year: 2011

description: Two new Blennidus (Agraphoderus) species are described from the Andes of Peru: B. (A.) fitzcarraldi n. sp., from San Luis, Huachucocha lagoon, and from Punta Olimpica pass (Dept. of Ancash), and B. (A.) abditus n. sp., from the route Pampas-Huancavelica (Dept. of Huancavelica). A Neotype is designated for Feronia meticulosa Dejean, 1831 on historical material compared with the type by Chaudoir. The examination of the type material of Ogmopleura filicornis Straneo, 1993 and Ogmopleura bordoni Straneo, 1993 (both wrongly described from Peru based on a misinterpretation of the locality labels) compared with the Neotype of Feronia meticulosa Dejean, 1831 (described from Chile) revealed the following new synonymies: Ogmopleura filicornis Straneo, 1993 = Feronia meticulosa Dejean, 1831 syn. nov.; Ogmopleura bordoni Straneo, 1993 = Feronia meticulosa Dejean, 1831 syn. nov.
description: Fragmenta Entomologica, Vol. 43 No. 1 (2011)