cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 7: of Size matters: three methods for estimating nuclear size in mycorrhizal roots of Medicago truncatula by image analysis
Creators: name: Carotenuto, Gennaro
name: Sciascia, Ivan
name: Oddi, Ludovica
name: Volpe, Veronica
name: Genre, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Putative ploidy classes based on Sturges analysis of nuclear volume measures. All nuclear volumes measured with 3D Object Counter in 375x375x45μm z-stack projections from M. truncatula uninoculated (6 root sections, 594 nuclei) and mycorrhizal (6 root sections, 893 nuclei) ROC segments were clustered according to Sturges’ rule into 25 μm3 wide classes. Four classes were identified in uninoculated and eight in mycorrhizal sections; size limits and average volume ± standard deviation are presented for each class (PDF 29 kb)
A Simple Model Of Private Firms In A Centrally Planned Economy
Creators: name: Berkowitz, Daniel
name: Berkowitz, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper models the behavior of private firms in a parallel consumer goods market. The state sector is characterized by a fixed quantity, quality and price of output while the private sector strategically chooses its quality and quantity. The private sector response to a marginal cut-back in state provision of consumer goods is analyzed for the possible regimes of an excess-demand equilibrium. It is shown that this cut-back, unaccompanied by transfers of assets or materials to the private sector, may increase public welfare.
Interference and entanglement: an intrinsic approach
Creators: name: Man'ko, Vladimir I
name: Marmo, Giuseppe
name: Sudarshan, E C George
name: Zaccaria, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An addition rule of impure density operators, which provides a pure state density operator, is formulated. Quantum interference including visibility property is discussed in the context of the density operator formalism. A measure of entanglement is then introduced as the norm of the matrix equal to the difference between a bipartite density matrix and the tensor product of partial traces. Entanglement for arbitrary quantum observables for multipartite systems is discussed. Star-product kernels are used to map the formulation of the addition rule of density operators onto the addition rule of symbols of the operators. Entanglement and nonlocalization of the pure state projector and allied operators are discussed. Tomographic and Weyl symbols (tomograms and Wigner functions) are considered as examples. The squeezed-states and some spin-states (two qubits) are studied to illustrate the formalism.
description: LaTex, 19 pages, to appear in J. Phys. A
Recursive Optimal Mechanisms With History-Dependent, Privately-Observed Shocks
Creators: name: Phelan, Christopher
name: Phelan, Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This note extends the works of Spear and Srivastava (1987) and Phelan and Townsend (1991) on the use of recursive techniques for finding optimal mechanisms given repeated moral hazard. Specifically, it relaxes the assumption that the stochastic process determining privately observed shocks is time-independent, allowing instead such shocks to follow an n-stage Markov process. The techniques developed make transparent the fact that optimal mechanisms with history-dependent privately-observed shocks will, in general, be ex-post inefficient. The main trick is expand the set of state statistics from a singleton denoting the expected discounted utility of the agent at a point in time, to a vector of utilities denoting the expected discounted utility of the agent for each possible deviation strategy for the preceding n-periods. This method solves an ex-post adverse selection problem, and with a slight extension, an ex-ante adverse selection problem as well.
title: Distribution, ecology, and population structure of Senecio lopezii (Asteraceae) in the Serra de Monchique (SW Portugal)
Creators: name: Hagemann, Dorothee
name: Deil, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 58

description: The Serra de Monchique, a mountain chain in the hinterland of the Algarve Province, is characterized
by a remarkable degree of floristic richness and endemism. Senecio lopezii, a tall-growing hemicryptophyte,
is one of these endemic plants. We studied the local distribution, the ecological requirements,
and the size and vitality of the populations in order to evaluate the vulnerability of this species with
regard to disturbance by man and landuse changes. Between April and June 2001, populations
observed in an area of 84 km² (= the central part of the Serra) were analysed in detail by non-destructive
methods. A synopsis of the phytosociology and ecology of the species, based on literature including
the Spanish populations in the Campo de Gibraltar (SW Andalusia), is presented.
Senecio lopezii was discovered in the Serra de Monchique at only 5 localities, all in mid altitude (500 to
600 m a. s. l.) in the mesomediterranean bioclimatic belt on the northwestern, windward side of the
Serra. The species is associated with the Sanguisorbo-Quercetum suberis quercetosum canariensis and
its shaded fringes. It persists in Castanea sativa coppices, cultivated on sites with semi-deciduous oak
forests as climax, when the topsoil remains intact.
Population size ranges from 30 to 350 individuals, the total number is 920 specimens. Plant size and
phenological stage were recorded for 258 individuals. Most of them (89 %) are sterile adults, which
persist in dark conditions under a closed tree canopy. Flowering starts at a specific plant size and
increases with growing rosette diameter, respectively, increasing number of leaves. To get information
about the age structure, the life cycle, the role of the seed bank, and the effect of clearings of the shrub
layer, further investigations are necessary.
Senecio lopezii is a rare species as regards distribution, habitat specification and population size. It
must be considered as a potentially endangered species, because it will not tolerate the transformation
of oak forests into Eucalyptus plantations.
description: Dynamik der synanthropen Vegetation : Festschrift für Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, p. 209
Identification of Endogenous Social Effects: The Reflection Problem
Creators: name: Manski, Charles F.
name: Manski, Charles F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: An endogenous social effect exists if the propensity of an individual to behave in some way varies with the prevalence of that behavior in some reference group containing the individual. This paper investigates aspects of the problem of identifying endogenous effects from data on actual behavior. Empirical researchers have long been sensitive to the problem of distinguishing social effects from reference-group fixed effects. The present analysis reveals that the identification of endogenous effects is tenuous even in the absence of reference-group fixed effects. There are two main findings. First, a researcher who does not a priori know how individuals form their reference groups cannot infer this from data on actual behavior and cannot determine whether social effects really are present. Second, suppose that individual behavior is known to be affected directly by specified variables z ·and that an individual's reference group is known to be the sub-population having specified attributes x. Then the effect of reference-group behavior on individual behavior is not identified if x and z are either functionally dependent or statistically independent.
Finite times to equipartition in the thermodynamic limit
Creators: name: De Luca, J.
name: Lichtenberg, A.
name: Ruffo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time scale T to equipartition in a 1D lattice of N masses coupled by quartic nonlinear (hard) springs (the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam beta model). We take the initial energy to be either in a single mode gamma or in a package of low frequency modes centered at gamma and of width delta-gamma, with both gamma and delta-gamma proportional to N. These initial conditions both give, for finite energy densities E/N, a scaling in the thermodynamic limit (large N), of a finite time to equipartition which is inversely proportional to the central mode frequency times a power of the energy density E/N. A theory of the scaling with E/N is presented and compared to the numerical results in the range 0.03 <= E/N <= 0.8.
description: Plain TeX, 5 `eps' figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
A New Framework of Authentication Over Cloud Computing
Creators: name: Leila, Megouache
name: Zitouni, Abdelhafid
name: Djoudi, Mahieddine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growth of local data annually implies extra charges for the customers, which makes their business slowing down. Cloud computing paradigm comes with new technologies that offer a very economic and cost-effective solution, but the organizations are slow in accepting it due to security issues and challenges associated with it. Security is one of the major issues which hamper the growth of cloud and it is highly crucial to protect the sensitive data and systems in thecloud setting inorder toensure theprivacy ofits users. This work explores the new directions in cloud computing security, while highlighting the correct selection of these fundamental technologies from cryptographic point of view.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, Conference: Proceedings of the Computational Methods in Systems and Software (COMESYSO 2017)
Iris graminea Linnaeus
Creators: name: Le Brun, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1962
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Iridaceae
Iris
Iris graminea

description: Iris graminea L
.n'est connu, dans nos Alpes, depuis un petit nombre d'annees,que de plusieurs localites situees au dessus de Grasse, dans des buxaies-corylaies sur sol karstique a IOOO m d'alt.- Les localites les plus rapprochees se trouvent,' a1'E.,le San-Giorgio (Tessin) - "a proximite de Veratrum nigrum ! - et, "a1'W W., lescollines duLauragais et etle Toulousain. Karstique "a Caussols, pres de Grasse, cet Iris, ia ecologie tres souple, accepte, dans le voisinage du golfe de Gascogne, la lande atlantique.
description: Published as part of Le Brun, P., 1962, Tour d'Horizon floristique sur les alpes françaises, pp. 55-70 in Vegetatio 11 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.1007/bf00301299, http://zenodo.org/record/6928804
title: Die Wilde Tulpe (Tulipa sylvestris L.) im Raum Celle – Biotopbindung und Verbreitungsbild eines Neophyten
Creators: name: Wohlgemuth, John
name: Kaiser, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 58

description: By using the area of Celle as an example, this paper illustrates the expansion of the neophytic species
wild tulip (Tulipa sylvestris). Coming from former historic parks and gardens the wild tulip spreads to
grassland and near-natural fringes, scrubs and forests, also to alluvial forests of the Pruno-Fraxinetum,
the Stellario nemorum-Alnetum glutinosae and the Ulmenion minoris. Tulipa sylvestris mostly grows
near to rivers. So we can decide that wild tulip spreads by hydrochory.
description: Dynamik der synanthropen Vegetation : Festschrift für Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, p. 491
B-Model project : UBC Farm compost financial feasibility executive summary
Creators: name: Vivier, Claire
name: Hyde, Kate
name: Edara, Teja
name: Durrant, Devin
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: UBC Farm and the UBC Centre for Interactive Research on Sustainability are seeking to determine the financial viability of a composting facility at UBC Farm. The concept was brought forward due to the increasing quantity of food waste being generated on the UBC campus as a result of the Zero Waste Action Plan. The campus is expected to generate 1000 tonnes of food waste over the 2014-2015 academic year and 1300 tonnes the following year. If this growth continues as expected, UBC’s in house composting facility will reach its capacity limit in the next few years and additional food waste will have be shipped to external facilities to be processed. There is an opportunity for some of this food waste to be diverted to UBC farm to be composted and used on the farm. This fits well with UBC’s zero waste initiative and it would create a unique closed loop food cycle. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
title: Die nordamerikanische Rot-Esche (Fraxinus pennsylvanica MARSH.) – zur Biologie eines in den Auenwäldern der Mittelelbe eingebürgerten Neophyten
Creators: name: Zacharias, Dietmar
name: Breucker, Ariane
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 58

description: Dynamik der synanthropen Vegetation : Festschrift für Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, p. 499
Orchis spitzelii SAUT
Creators: name: Le Brun, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1962
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Orchis
Orchis spitzelii

description: Orchis Spitzelii SAUT
.,également omis pour la France dans la Flore de HEGI, offre,dans les Alpes meridionales, une aire extremement circonscrite dans la region de Thorenc (Alpes maritimes), oiu on le rencontre sous les Pins sylvestres.Une localite curieusement aberrante a ete trouvee recem ment,non loin de Grenoble, sur le rebord oriental du Vercors.
description: Published as part of Le Brun, P., 1962, Tour d'Horizon floristique sur les alpes françaises, pp. 55-70 in Vegetatio 11 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.1007/bf00301299, http://zenodo.org/record/6928804
Geometry of the extreme Kerr black holes
Creators: name: Wang, Bin
name: Su, Ru-Keng
name: Yu, P. K. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometrical properties of the extreme Kerr black holes in the topological sectors of nonextreme and extreme configurations are studied. We find that the Euler characteristic plays an essential role to distinguish these two kinds of extreme black holes. The relationship between the geometrical properties and the intrinsic thermodynamics are investigated.
description: Latex version, 10 pages
K(n)-local duality for finite groups and groupoids
Creators: name: Strickland, Neil P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P42; 55P60; 55R40

description: We define an inner product (suitably interpreted) on the K(n)-local spectrum LG := L_{K(n)}BG_+, where G is a finite group or groupoid. This gives an inner product on E^*BG_+ for suitable K(n)-local ring spectra E. We relate this to the usual inner product on the representation ring when n=1, and to the Hopkins-Kuhn-Ravenel generalised character theory. We show that LG is a Frobenius algebra object in the K(n)-local stable category, and we recall the connection between Frobenius algebras and topological quantum field theories to help analyse this structure. In many places we find it convenient to use groupoids rather than groups, and to assist with this we include a detailed treatment of the homotopy theory of groupoids. We also explain some striking formal similarities between our duality and Atiyah-Poincare duality for manifolds.
description: 37 pages; one included postscript figure
Versatile photoacoustic spectrometer based on a mid-infrared pulsed optical parametric oscillator
Creators: name: Lamard, Laurent
name: Balslev-Harder, David
name: Peremans, Andre
name: Petersen, Jan C.
name: Lassen, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the usefulness of a nanosecond pulsed single-mode mid-infrared (MIR) optical parametric oscillator (OPO) for Photoacoustic (PA) spectroscopic measurements. The maximum wavelength ranges for the signal and idler are 1.4 um to 1.7 um and 2.8 um to 4.6 um, respectively, and with a MIR output power of up to 500 mW. Making the OPO useful for different spectroscopic PA trace-gas measurements targeting the major market opportunity of environmental monitoring and breath gas analysis. We perform spectroscopic measurements of methane (CH4) nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ammonia (NH3) in the 2.8 um to 3.7 um wavelength region. The measurements were conducted with a constant flow rate of 300 ml/min, thus demonstrating the suitability of the gas sensor for real time trace gas measurements. The acquired spectra are compared with data from the Hitran database and good agreement is found. Demonstrating a resolution bandwidth of 1.5 1/cm. An Allan deviation analysis shows that the detection limit for methane at optimum integration time for the PA sensor is 8 ppbV (nmol/mol) at 105 seconds of integration time.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1712.04547
Quantum Theory of Geometry II: Volume operators
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: Lewandowski, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A functional calculus on the space of (generalized) connections was recently introduced without any reference to a background metric. It is used to continue the exploration of the quantum Riemannian geometry. Operators corresponding to volume of three-dimensional regions are regularized rigorously. It is shown that there are two natural regularization schemes, each of which leads to a well-defined operator. Both operators can be completely specified by giving their action on states labelled by graphs. The two final results are closely related but differ from one another in that one of the operators is sensitive to the differential structure of graphs at their vertices while the second is sensitive only to the topological characteristics. (The second operator was first introduced by Rovelli and Smolin and De Pietri and Rovelli using a somewhat different framework.) The difference between the two operators can be attributed directly to the standard quantization ambiguity. Underlying assumptions and subtleties of regularization procedures are discussed in detail in both cases because volume operators play an important role in the current discussions of quantum dynamics.
description: Latex, 3 figures
Gain-Embedded Meta Mirrors for Optically Pumped Semiconductor Disk Lasers
Creators: name: Yang, Zhou
name: Lidsky, David
name: Sheik-Bahae, Mansoor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and analyze an active mirror structure that uses a subwavelength grating reflector combined with optical gain. The structure is designed to be directly bonded to a thermal substrate (such as diamond) for efficient heat removal. We present optical wave propagation and thermal transport analysis and show that such a structure is well suited for power scaling of optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers to multi-kilowatt CW power operation.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 4 of Fine-tuning licensing strategies to boost MSC-based immunomodulatory secretome
Creators: name: Rossello-Gelabert, Maria
name: Igartua, Manoli
name: Santos-Vizcaino, Edorta
name: Hernandez, Rosa Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 4
title: Ambrosia artemisiifolia in Mais: Entwicklung und Konkurrenz
Creators: name: Zwerger, Peter
name: Eggers, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 58

description: In a competition trial in maize with Ambrosia artemisiifolia (additive design; randomized block with
4 replications) under semi-field conditions, different weed densities (2 to 8 plants/m²) hardly influenced
the weed plant diameter as well as plant height. Although there was no difference in maize plant
height at the different weed densities, the total fresh weight and cob weight were significantly influenced:
The competition of 2 or 8 Ambrosia-plants/m² resulted in maize yield losses of 9% and 32%
respectively.
description: Dynamik der synanthropen Vegetation : Festschrift für Prof. Dr. Dietmar Brandes, p. 531
Understanding Military Doctrinal Change During Peacetime
Creators: Gallo, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: International relations
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Armed Forces
subject: Military doctrine

description: This study examines processes of military doctrinal change during periods of peace. Given the conventional wisdom of hidebound bureaucratic military organizations, why do these organizations innovate doctrinally? Rather than conduct competitive hypothesis testing between two or more theories of military innovation or pursue a heretofore undiscovered monocausal theory, I develop and test a theoretical framework that synthesizes more than one approach to military doctrinal innovation. I use this framework to conduct a structured, focused, case-study comparison of two military organizations - the U.S. Army and the U.S. Marine Corps - from the post-World War II period until 2001. The study yields seven findings. First, the systemic causes of military doctrinal innovation are best described by balance of threat theory. Second, contrary to the existing literature, civilian intervention is not a necessary or sufficient cause of doctrinal innovation. Third, militaries consistently strive to establish a monopoly over warfare in a particular jurisdictional domain. Fourth, the frequency of military doctrinal change is a function of the complexity of the strategic problem that doctrine is designed to solve. Fifth, the complexity of the cases studied supports the argument that monocausal explanations fail to account for the interaction of multiple variables that affect doctrinal innovation. Sixth, military doctrinal innovation during peacetime is not anomalous because military organizations constantly revise their theories of victory as threats change in the external environment. Finally, the existence of doctrinal institutions creates a norm for a reliance on military doctrine.
Adonis pyrenaica DC.
Creators: name: Le Brun, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1962
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Adonis
Adonis pyrenaica

description: Adonis pyrenaica DC. et Isatis alpina VILL.
ont déjà été cités(,, Vegetatio", I957).
description: Published as part of Le Brun, P., 1962, Tour d'Horizon floristique sur les alpes françaises, pp. 55-70 in Vegetatio 11 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.1007/bf00301299, http://zenodo.org/record/6928804
D8.5: Report on Cycle 1 hackathon
Creators: name: van Heerwaarden, Chiel
name: Benedict, Imme
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: About this document

This document is a report on the Cycle 1 hackathon, which was designed to make the NextGEMS PIs familiar with the data produced by storm-resolving models.

Work package in charge

WP8

Executive summary

The first nextGEMS Hackathon was organized in collaboration with Storm&Society in month M4. The Knowledge Coproduction component of the Hackathon focused on selecting sites for highfrequencydata logging (Task 8.3) and diagnostics (Task 8.4). The event brought for the first time the PIs together to make them acquainted with the data and to learn the tools that the PhDs and postdocs in the new positions will use. The activities helped in finding out which output data is still missing for addressing the nextGEMS research goals and deliverables. This report will describe the most important results of the first hackathon and presents its main conclusions and recommendations for future work in the nextGEMS project.

Conclusion & Results

The hackathon has been a successful event for the PIs of the project to not only get to know each other but also to learn the tools and methods to access the large data sets of the ICON and IFS simulations. It has shown the great potential of global simulations at storm resolving resolution, but also the challenges of handling its very large amount of data. In addition, it has provided hints on where the models need improvement and which output variables need to be added to the current set.
title: EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CULTURAL VALUES AND DIET PATTERNS AMONG MEXICAN AND CUBAN IMMIGRANTS IN KENTUCKY
Creators: name: Omran, Nasreen
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Health sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The number of Latinx in the U.S. is expected to grow to about 28 percent of the population by the year 2060. As the number of Latinx increases in the U.S. it is important to understand how cultural beliefs influence dietary behaviors as Latinx are disproportionately affected by diet related disease such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. The aim of this secondary data analysis is to examine the relationship between family values, gender roles, and religious values on diet patterns in adult Mexican and Cuban immigrants in Kentucky utilizing the Mexican American Cultural Values Scale. The study findings show there are no direct relationships between cultural values, and diet patterns. Implications for future research include utilizing measures of health beliefs related to diet which may provide clarity to the role cultural values play in influencing diet.
description: © 2021 Nasreen Omran
A duality relation for fluid spacetime
Creators: name: Dadhich, Naresh
name: Patel, L. K.
name: Tikekar, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the electromagnetic resolution of gravitational field. We show that under the duality transformation, in which active and passive electric parts of the Riemann curvature are interchanged, a fluid spacetime in comoving coordinates remains invariant in its character with density and pressure transforming, while energy flux and anisotropic pressure remaining unaltered. Further if fluid admits a barotropic equation of state, $p = (γ- 1) ρ$ where $1 \leq γ\leq 2$, which will transform to $p = (\frac{2 γ}{3 γ- 2} - 1) ρ$. Clearly the stiff fluid and dust are dual to each-other while $ρ+ 3 p =0$, will go to flat spacetime. However the n $(ρ- 3 p = 0)$ and the deSitter $(ρ+ p = 0$) universes ar e self-dual.
description: 5 pages, LaTeX version, Accepted in Classical Quantum Gravity as a Letter
Soliton S matrices for the critical A_{N-1}^(1) chain
Creators: name: Doikou, Anastasia
name: Nepomechie, Rafael I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute by Bethe Ansatz both bulk and boundary hole scattering matrices for the critical A_{N-1}^(1) quantum spin chain. The bulk S matrix coincides with the soliton S matrix for the A_{N-1}^(1) Toda field theory with imaginary coupling. We verify our result for the boundary S matrix using a generalization of the Ghoshal-Zamolodchikov boundary crossing relation.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX; v2. contains ``Note Added'' and 1 more reference
Understanding Patrimonial Resilience: Lessons from the Ottoman Empire
Creators: Kobas, Tolga
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: History
subject: Politics and government
subject: Despotism

description: Once declared as a habitual relic of ‘the Third World’ countries, patrimonial regimes have re-emerged on a global scale. Even in the fully bureaucratized states, patrimonial relations made a convincing comeback. How did patrimonialism, which used to be condemned as an artifact from a distant past, prove to be so tenacious, even resurgent in the current global political economy? How does modern capitalism, which emerges painfully out of the crucible of patrimonial states and empires, become, once again, a patrimonial formation? What makes patrimonial-type regimes resilient?
      In pursuit of this question, the dissertation analyzes the historical-social conditions of possibility for the longevity and resilience of the Ottoman Empire –a patrimonial and bureaucratic empire that ruled a vastly diverse population of people spread over three continents and did so with relative peace and stability. How did the Ottomans keep their patriarchal core and its patrimonial organization intact for six centuries? The research finds three elements that contributed to the maintenance of the empire’s patrimonial formation: adab, an Islamic tradition of professionalism, good manners, and moral propriety; a patrimonial status elite (devşirme) composed of men separated from their non-Muslim parents at childhood and carefully cultivated as Ottoman Sunni Muslims and employed in various capacities for state service; and third, a specialized apparatus of the patriarchal state, the imperial palace schools formed as a network around the main academy at the Topkapi Palace, the Enderûn-ı Hümâyûn.
      The dissertation focuses on the life, curricula, and pedagogy at the Enderûn campus. As part of the imperial academy’s courtly habitus the Islamic tradition of adab was central to the students’ upbringing and cultivation. How did this historically unique combination of (tradition, status, and apparatus) contribute to the Ottoman Empire’s structural stability and organizational endurance?
Dye-doped dual-frequency nematic cells as fast-switching polarization-independent shutters
Creators: name: Li, Bing-Xiang
name: Xiao, Rui-Lin
name: Paladugu, Sathyanarayana
name: Shiyanovskii, Sergij V.
name: Lavrentovich, Oleg D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present polarization-independent optical shutters with a sub-millisecond switching time. The approach utilizes dual-frequency nematics doped with a dichroic dye. Two nematic cells with orthogonal alignment are driven simultaneously by a low-frequency or high-frequency electric field to switch the shutter either into a transparent or a light-absorbing state. The switching speed is accelerated via special short pulses of high amplitude voltage. The approach can be used in a variety of electro-optical devices.
Analytic study of the null singularity inside spherical charged black holes
Creators: name: Burko, Lior M.
name: Ori, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically the features of the Cauchy horizon (CH) singularity inside a spherically-symmetric charged black hole, nonlinearly perturbed by a self-gravitating massless scalar field. We derive exact expressions for the divergence rate of the blue-shift factors, namely the derivatives in the outgoing direction of the scalar field $Φ$ and the area coordinate $r$. Both derivatives are found to grow along the contracting CH exactly like $1/r$. Our results are valid everywhere along the CH singularity, up to the point of full focusing. These exact analytic expressions are verified numerically.
description: 5 pages, RevTeX, no figures
Understanding Park Usership: An Examination of the Role of User Studies in Park Planning
Creators: Wallach, Alex J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: City planning
Parks--Planning
Parks--Public use

description: This thesis examines the role of user studies in park planning. Cities spend millions of dollars maintaining, upgrading, and expanding urban park systems. Yet the physical design and upkeep of public spaces alone does not make for good parks; it is the users of public spaces that create vibrant, successful urban spaces. However, few park managers actually understand who the users of the public space are, in part because finding the answer is not considered a priority. Increasingly, planners have conducted regular user surveys as a method to understand park usership. While this process is challenging, data collected about park users collected through counts, surveys, interviews, observations, and many other methods provides extremely valuable information that cannot be learned through other methods. This information can guide decision making and inform park planning in many ways. Historical records establish that different forms of user analyses have long played a valuable, if underappreciated, role in understanding and shaping urban parks. This thesis uses visitor data collected at Brooklyn Bridge Park and interviews with planners to demonstrate how the information learned through user studies can be used to recognize important equity issues, design flaws, or conflicting uses, in addition to identifying possible solutions. The evidence suggests that user studies produce the most valuable findings when they are conducted regularly, combine several methods of data collection, and are used to supplement traditional methods of interacting with park constituents. While user studies can be extremely valuable in evaluating public spaces and guiding future improvements, lack of resources and inflexibility in the planning process impedes their value. Because each public space is unique, studies of usership are more appropriate at a park-specific level, although some findings may translate into generalizable knowledge. In order to make the most of user studies, the planning process needs to recognize not only the value of continuing evaluation, but the fact that evaluation can reveal unanticipated findings that require flexibility. Overall, performing regular studies of park usership is a valuable planning tool for all types of parks that should be prioritized and warrants public funding.
Creating quanta with "annihilation" operator
Creators: name: Mizrahi, S. S.
name: Dodonov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An asymmetric nature of the boson `destruction' operator $\hat{a}$ and its `creation' partner $\hat{a}^{\dagger}$ is made apparent by applying them to a quantum state $|ψ>$ different from the Fock state $|n>$. We show that it is possible to {\em increase} (by many times or by any quantity) the mean number of quanta in the new `photon-subtracted' state $\hat{a}|ψ>$. Moreover, for certain `hyper-Poissonian' states $|ψ>$ the mean number of quanta in the (normalized) state $\hat{a}|ψ>$ can be much greater than in the `photon-added' state $\hat{a}^{\dagger}|ψ> $. The explanation of this `paradox' is given and some examples elucidating the meaning of Mandel's $q$-parameter and the exponential phase operators are considered.
description: 10 pages, LaTex, an extended version with several references added and the text divided into sections; to appear in J. Phys. A
Thlaspi silvium GAUD.
Creators: name: Le Brun, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1962
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Thlaspi
Thlaspi silvium

description: Thlaspi silvium GAUD.
(Valais, Piémont)n'est pas, comme le nom pourraitle laisser croire, une espece silvatique(,,SilviusMons ":leCervin) mais TODO de l'etage alpin, strictement confinee,dans les Alpes frangaises,enhaute TODO TODO Maurienneau au dessusde Bonneval(serpentine)etdans leQueyras (prairies TODO de la Traversette au pieddu Viso;schistes lustres).
description: Published as part of Le Brun, P., 1962, Tour d'Horizon floristique sur les alpes françaises, pp. 55-70 in Vegetatio 11 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.1007/bf00301299, http://zenodo.org/record/6928804
Permanent Governance Model for the ERIC Forum
Creators: name: Oepen, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ERICs
governance

description: The ERIC Forum (originally called ERIC Network) managed successful activities since its inception. However, the growing role of the Forum, and the growing needs of the ERICs, required a clearer governance and decision-making rules. WP2 deliverable 2.1 builds on the existing ERIC Forum Memorandum of Understanding to provide the Forum with new, more robust governance and a clear set of rules to expand the Forum’s activities even further.
Separating Use and Reuse to Improve Both
Creators: name: Arora, Hrshikesh
name: Servetto, Marco
name: Oliveira, Bruno C. D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context: Trait composition has inspired new research in the area of code reuse for object oriented (OO) languages. One of the main advantages of this kind of composition is that it makes possible to separate subtyping from subclassing; which is good for code-reuse, design and reasoning. However, handling of state within traits is difficult, verbose or inelegant. Inquiry: We identify the this-leaking problem as the fundamental limitation that prevents the separation of subtyping from subclassing in conventional OO languages. We explain that the concept of trait composition addresses this problem, by distinguishing code designed for use (as a type) from code designed for reuse (i.e. inherited). We are aware of at least 3 concrete independently designed research languages following this methodology: TraitRecordJ, Package Templates and DeepFJig. Approach: In this paper, we design $42_μ$ a new language, where we improve use and reuse and support the This type and family polymorphism by distinguishing code designed for use from code designed for reuse. In this way $42_μ$ synthesise the 3 approaches above, and improves them with abstract state operations: a new elegant way to handle state composition in trait based languages. Knowledge and Grounding: Using case studies, we show that $42_μ$'s model of traits with abstract state operations is more usable and compact than prior work. We formalise our work and prove that type errors cannot arise from composing well typed code. Importance: This work is the logical core of the programming language 42. This shows that the ideas presented in this paper can be applicable to a full general purpose language. This form of composition is very flexible and could be used in many new languages.
Raw data of the
Creators: name: Han, Yi
name: Sucheng Mu
name: Baojun Xie
name: Wei, Wei
name: Xingyue Wu
name: Yilin Yang
name: Chaoyuan Jin
name: Min, Min
name: Guorong Gu
name: Haidong Zhang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Raw data
The behavior of closed inextensible membranes in linear and quadratic shear flows
Creators: name: Olla, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a spheroidal vesicle, bounded by an inextensible membrane, is analyzed in function of the enclosed fluid viscosity, and of the membrane mechanical properties. The two situations in which a bending rigidity and a shear elasticity are the potential energy source in the membrane have been compared, and the stability properties of quasi-spherical vesicle shapes discussed. The transition from tank-treading to flipping motion in an external shear flow, has been studied in function of the vesicle internal viscosity and of the strength of the shear quadratic component. The transverse lift strength has been calculated in both cases of a tank-treading and of a flipping motion regime.
description: 16 pages, Latex, one eps figure included
title: Braunschweigische Anzeigen : offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt. 72. Jahr 1816
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Fürstliche Waisenhaus-Buchdruckerei
Year: 1816
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Braunschweigische Anzeigen
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigische Anzeigen: offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt, vol. 72. 1816
MOESM1 of Expression of benzoyl-CoA metabolism genes in the lignocellulolytic host Caldicellulosiruptor bescii
Creators: name: Sander, Kyle
name: Yeary, Meredith
name: Mahan, Kristina
name: Whitham, Jason
name: Giannone, Richard
name: Brown, Steven
name: Rodriguez, Miguel
name: Graham, David
name: Hankoua, Bertrand
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Diagram of plasmid pJOT1 used to heterologously express a codon-optimized Ferp_1044 gene from Ferroglobus placidus, encoding a benzoyl-CoA ligase, in C. bescii. Figure S2. Diagram of plasmid pJOT2 used to heterologously express codon-optimized genes from Ferroglobus placidus encoding a benzoyl-CoA ligase (Ferp_1044), a benzoyl-CoA reductase (Ferp_1184â Ferp_1187), and a putative benzoate transporter (Ferp_1370). Unique ribosome binding site regions (~â 40 upstream basepairs) were identified from highly transcribed C. bescii genes (Blumer-Schuette et al. 2012) and placed upstream of each gene. Table S1. Primers used in this study. Table S2. Plasmids used in this study.
Draba nemorosa Linnaeus
Creators: name: Le Brun, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1962
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Draba
Draba nemorosa

description: Draba nemorosa L.est
une espèce circum-arctique assez répandue dans l'Europe septentrionaleet centralejusqu'en jusqu'enStyrie etau Piemont.Elledoit TODO TODO se trouver encoreen enhaute TODO Maurienne,sur des rochers eboules enamont TODO TODO TODO deBonneval-sur-Arc, et, dans le TODO du TODO Guil, pres de Ristolas,'a moins de TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO TODO
description: Published as part of Le Brun, P., 1962, Tour d'Horizon floristique sur les alpes françaises, pp. 55-70 in Vegetatio 11 (1) on page 61, DOI: 10.1007/bf00301299, http://zenodo.org/record/6928804
title: Braunschweigische Heimat, 15. Jahrgang 1924
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Appelhans
Year: 1924
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Landeskunde
subject: 900

description: Braunschweigische Heimat, vol. 15. 1924
Shallow EDSLs and Object-Oriented Programming: Beyond Simple Compositionality
Creators: name: Zhang, Weixin
name: Oliveira, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context: Embedded Domain-Specific Languages (EDSLs) are a common and widely used approach to DSLs in various languages, including Haskell and Scala. There are two main implementation techniques for EDSLs: shallow embeddings and deep embeddings. Inquiry: Shallow embeddings are quite simple, but they have been criticized in the past for being quite limited in terms of modularity and reuse. In particular, it is often argued that supporting multiple DSL interpretations in shallow embeddings is difficult. Approach: This paper argues that shallow EDSLs and Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) are closely related. Gibbons and Wu already discussed the relationship between shallow EDSLs and procedural abstraction, while Cook discussed the connection between procedural abstraction and OOP. We make the transitive step in this paper by connecting shallow EDSLs directly to OOP via procedural abstraction. The knowledge about this relationship enables us to improve on implementation techniques for EDSLs. Knowledge: This paper argues that common OOP mechanisms (including inheritance, subtyping, and type-refinement) increase the modularity and reuse of shallow EDSLs when compared to classical procedural abstraction by enabling a simple way to express multiple, possibly dependent, interpretations. Grounding: We make our arguments by using Gibbons and Wu's examples, where procedural abstraction is used in Haskell to model a simple shallow EDSL. We recode that EDSL in Scala and with an improved OO-inspired Haskell encoding. We further illustrate our approach with a case study on refactoring a deep external SQL query processor to make it more modular, shallow, and embedded. Importance: This work is important for two reasons. Firstly, from an intellectual point of view, this work establishes the connection between shallow embeddings and OOP, which enables a better understanding of both concepts. Secondly, this work illustrates programming techniques that can be used to improve the modularity and reuse of shallow EDSLs.