cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MPEC 2024-T180 : 2024 TB5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TB5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Effects of RTD and packing on methanol oxidation in a trickling biofilter
Creators: name: Hutomo, Yuanita Wahyuni
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This research was initially focused on the study of the effects of RTDs on biotrickling filter systems and the comparison of the maximum EC and poisoning limits as functions of loadings of two packing media: Celite® Biocatalyst Carrier R-635 and Hat Creek Coal. As the research progressed, studies on the effect of nutrients addition to the coal column, observations of methanol degradations in the circulating liquid and the microorganism populations under a microscope, were added. RTD tests were performed on two identical biotrickling filter columns using CO2 tracer pulse test. Two baffle designs were chosen. RTD tests were done under dry bed conditions and over a range of air flowrates with 0 baffle, 1 baffle, and 2 baffles added into each column. Each run was replicated 6 times. The number of tank-in-series values (N), for each of the columns, were then calculated. The beds were acclimated with mixed culture from compost prior to the start of the methanol removal efficiency study. Nutrient solution and distilled water were circulated in the Celite® and coal columns, respectively. From the runs, which did not result in 100% conversion, the maximum EC values and rate constants of each column with different baffle configurations could be calculated. The inlet methanol concentration was randomly increased until poisoning occurred. Runs for the columns with 0 baffle were repeated with nutrients solution added in both columns. Samples from the liquid reservoirs were taken to study whether there was methanol degradation in the circulating liquid, and to study microorganisms under microscope. Results showed that addition of baffles decreased the N values of the columns and increased the backmixing in both systems. Maximum EC values, critical loadings, and poisoning limits were also increased with increasing backmixing. Coal was superior to Celite® as it gave good conversions without additional nutrients. Addition of nutrients in the coal column greatly improved its performance. La all runs, the rate of methanol removal was controlled by a zero order process. There was no significant methanol degradation in the circulating liquid Under the microscope, protozoa were found to be eating the biofilm. The presence of protozoa could help prevent bed from clogging.
Background Learnable Cascade for Zero-Shot Object Detection
Creators: name: Zheng, Ye
name: Huang, Ruoran
name: Han, Chuanqi
name: Huang, Xi
name: Cui, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Zero-shot detection (ZSD) is crucial to large-scale object detection with the aim of simultaneously localizing and recognizing unseen objects. There remain several challenges for ZSD, including reducing the ambiguity between background and unseen objects as well as improving the alignment between visual and semantic concept. In this work, we propose a novel framework named Background Learnable Cascade (BLC) to improve ZSD performance. The major contributions for BLC are as follows: (i) we propose a multi-stage cascade structure named Cascade Semantic R-CNN to progressively refine the alignment between visual and semantic of ZSD; (ii) we develop the semantic information flow structure and directly add it between each stage in Cascade Semantic RCNN to further improve the semantic feature learning; (iii) we propose the background learnable region proposal network (BLRPN) to learn an appropriate word vector for background class and use this learned vector in Cascade Semantic R CNN, this design makes \Background Learnable" and reduces the confusion between background and unseen classes. Our extensive experiments show BLC obtains significantly performance improvements for MS-COCO over state-of-the-art methods.
description: 18 pages, 5figures
Data-driven peakon and periodic peakon travelling wave solutions of some nonlinear dispersive equations via deep learning
Creators: name: Wang, Li
name: Yan, Zhenya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the field of mathematical physics, there exist many physically interesting nonlinear dispersive equations with peakon solutions, which are solitary waves with discontinuous first-order derivative at the wave peak. In this paper, we apply the multi-layer physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) deep learning to successfully study the data-driven peakon and periodic peakon solutions of some well-known nonlinear dispersion equations with initial-boundary value conditions such as the Camassa-Holm (CH) equation, Degasperis-Procesi equation, modified CH equation with cubic nonlinearity, Novikov equation with cubic nonlinearity, mCH-Novikov equation, b-family equation with quartic nonlinearity, generalized modified CH equation with quintic nonlinearity, and etc. These results will be useful to further study the peakon solutions and corresponding experimental design of nonlinear dispersive equations.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Star formation in the hosts of GHz peaked spectrum and compact steep spectrum radio galaxies
Creators: name: Labiano, A.
name: O'Dea, C. P.
name: Barthel, P. D.
name: de Vries, W. H.
name: Baum, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AIMS: Search for star formation regions in the hosts of potentially young radio galaxies (Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum and Compact Steep Spectrum sources). METHODS: Near-UV imaging with the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys.} RESULTS: We find near-UV light which could be the product of recent star formation in eight of the nine observed sources, though other explanations are not currently ruled out. The UV luminosities of the GPS and CSS sources are similar to those of a sample of nearby large scale radio galaxies. Stellar population synthesis models are consistent with a burst of recent star formation occuring before the formation of the radio source. However, observations at other wavelengths and colors are needed to definitively establish the nature of the observed UV light. In the CSS sources 1443+77 and 1814-637 the near-UV light is aligned with and is co-spatial with the radio source. We suggest that in these sources the UV light is produced by star formation triggered and/or enhanced by the radio source.
description: 14 pages, 11 figs. Accepted to A&A. Paper with high resolution images can be found at http://damir.iem.csic.es/extragalactic/publications/publications.html
Fine structure of exciton excited levels in a quantum dot with a magnetic ion
Creators: name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Ivchenko, E. L.
name: Besombes, L.
name: Leger, Y.
name: Maingault, L.
name: Mariette, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fine structure of excited excitonic states in a quantum dot with an embedded magnetic ion is studied theoretically and experimentally. The developed theory takes into account the Coulomb interaction between charged carriers, the anisotropic long-range electron-hole exchange interaction in the zero-dimensional exciton, and the exchange interaction of the electron and the hole with the $d$-electrons of a Mn ion inserted inside the dot. Depending on the relation between the quantum dot anisotropy and the exciton-Mn coupling the photoluminescence excitation spectrum has a qualitatively different behavior. It provides a deep insight into the spin structure of the excited excitonic states.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Transport and Percolation Theory in Weighted Networks
Creators: name: Li, Guanliang
name: Braunstein, Lidia A.
name: Buldyrev, Sergey V.
name: Havlin, Shlomo
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the distribution $P(σ)$ of the equivalent conductance $σ$ for Erdős-Rényi (ER) and scale-free (SF) weighted resistor networks with $N$ nodes. Each link has conductance $g\equiv e^{-ax}$, where $x$ is a random number taken from a uniform distribution between 0 and 1 and the parameter $a$ represents the strength of the disorder. We provide an iterative fast algorithm to obtain $P(σ)$ and compare it with the traditional algorithm of solving Kirchhoff equations. We find, both analytically and numerically, that $P(σ)$ for ER networks exhibits two regimes. (i) A low conductance regime for $σ< e^{-ap_c}$ where $p_c=1/\av{k}$ is the critical percolation threshold of the network and $\av{k}$ is average degree of the network. In this regime $P(σ)$ is independent of $N$ and follows the power law $P(σ) \sim σ^{-α}$, where $α=1-\av{k}/a$. (ii) A high conductance regime for $σ>e^{-ap_c}$ in which we find that $P(σ)$ has strong $N$ dependence and scales as $P(σ) \sim f(σ,ap_c/N^{1/3})$. For SF networks with degree distribution $P(k)\sim k^{-λ}$, $k_{min} \le k \le k_{max}$, we find numerically also two regimes, similar to those found for ER networks.
description: 4 pages, 8 figures
Η Δημοσιογραφία στην εποχή των Κοινωνικών Μέσων
Creators: name: Δαγουλά, Χρυσή Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Δημοσιογραφία
Κοινωνικά Μέσα
Διαδίκτυο
Journalism
Social Media
Internet

description: Η παρούσα εργασία στοχεύει στη μελέτη της σχέσης της δημοσιογραφίας με το διαδίκτυο – πως αυτή μετεξελίχθηκε στην πάροδο του χρόνου και πως εμφανίζεται σήμερα, έπειτα από την έλευση των κοινωνικών μέσων. Μέσα από τη θεωρία αναδύονται τα σημεία σύγκλισης αλλά και τα σημεία τομής αυτών, καθώς επίσης εξερευνώνται οι τρόποι με τους οποίους η χρήση των κοινωνικών μέσων δύναται να παράγει δημοσιογραφικό έργο. Το ενδιαφέρον επικεντρώνεται στο Twitter, πλατφόρμα η οποία έχει δυνατότητες που μπορούν να αξιοποιηθούν δημοσιογραφικά. Εν συνεχεία, τέθηκε το ζήτημα της επαλήθευσης ή μη των θεωρητικών ευρημάτων με αυτά που προκύπτουν μέσω πρωτογενούς έρευνας. Επιχειρήθηκε για το στόχο αυτό να μελετηθεί η δημοσιογραφική πλευρά του ελληνικού Twitter – κατά πόσο γίνεται εκμετάλλευση των δυνατοτήτων του, πως χρησιμοποιείται από τους συμμετέχοντες στη δημοσιογραφική πραγματικότητα της χώρας αλλά και κατά πόσο είναι αρωγός στην επικοινωνία μεταξύ πολιτών και μέσων.
description: The aim of the present thesis is to examine the relationship between journalism and the internet – how this relationship transformed over time and how it appears nowadays, after the advent of social media. Theory shed light to where internet and journalism converge as well as to where they intersect. Thus, we examined the usages of social media and how we can make them participants in the journalistic process. Our interest focused on Twitter, a platform with many “journalistic” possibilities. Subsequently, we performed virtual ethnographical research in order to verify theoretical findings. To reach this objective, we attempted to study the journalistic side of Greek Twitter – whether its participants exploit the opportunities that this unique medium offers and how they use it. Last but not least, we examined whether Twitter promote the communication between media and citizens.
Robot in the mirror: toward an embodied computational model of mirror self-recognition
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Matej
name: Wang, Shengzhi
name: Outrata, Vojtech
name: Alzueta, Elisabet
name: Lanillos, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-recognition or self-awareness is a capacity attributed typically only to humans and few other species. The definitions of these concepts vary and little is known about the mechanisms behind them. However, there is a Turing test-like benchmark: the mirror self-recognition, which consists in covertly putting a mark on the face of the tested subject, placing her in front of a mirror, and observing the reactions. In this work, first, we provide a mechanistic decomposition, or process model, of what components are required to pass this test. Based on these, we provide suggestions for empirical research. In particular, in our view, the way the infants or animals reach for the mark should be studied in detail. Second, we develop a model to enable the humanoid robot Nao to pass the test. The core of our technical contribution is learning the appearance representation and visual novelty detection by means of learning the generative model of the face with deep auto-encoders and exploiting the prediction error. The mark is identified as a salient region on the face and reaching action is triggered, relying on a previously learned mapping to arm joint angles. The architecture is tested on two robots with a completely different face.
description: To appear in KI - K\"unstliche Intelligenz - German Journal of Artificial Intelligence - Springer
The Wyoming Survey for H-alpha. I. Initial Results at z ~ 0.16 and 0.24
Creators: name: Dale, Daniel A.
name: Barlow, Rebecca J.
name: Cohen, Seth A.
name: Johnson, L. Clifton
name: Kattner, ShiAnne M.
name: Lamanna, Christine A.
name: Moore, Carolynn A.
name: Schuster, Micah D.
name: Thatcher, Jacob W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wyoming Survey for H-alpha, or WySH, is a large-area, ground-based, narrowband imaging survey for H-alpha-emitting galaxies over the latter half of the age of the Universe. The survey spans several square degrees in a set of fields of low Galactic cirrus emission. The observing program focuses on multiple dz~0.02 epochs from z~0.16 to z~0.81 down to a uniform (continuum+line) luminosity at each epoch of ~10^33 W uncorrected for extinction (3sigma for a 3" diameter aperture). First results are presented here for 98+208 galaxies observed over approximately 2 square degrees at redshifts z~0.16 and 0.24, including preliminary luminosity functions at these two epochs. These data clearly show an evolution with lookback time in the volume-averaged cosmic star formation rate. Integrals of Schechter fits to the extinction-corrected H-alpha luminosity functions indicate star formation rates per co-moving volume of 0.009 and 0.014 h_70 M_sun/yr/Mpc^3 at z~0.16 and 0.24, respectively. The formal uncertainties in the Schechter fits, based on this initial subset of the survey, correspond to uncertainties in the cosmic star formation rate density at the >~40% level; the tentative uncertainty due to cosmic variance is 25%, estimated from separately carrying out the analysis on data from the first two fields with substantial datasets.
description: To appear in the Astronomical Journal
title: Unifying Innovations in Forecasting Capabilities Workshop (UIFCW) 2023 Report
Creators: name: Vogt, Jennifer
name: Jones, Aaron
name: Wheeler, Jessica
name: Petro, Gillian
name: Domanti, Christopher
name: Adimi, Farida
name: Blackman, Keven
Publisher: name: Earth Prediction Innovation Center
Year: 2023

description: The second annual Unifying Innovations in Forecasting Capabilities Workshop (UIFCW) was hosted by the Earth Prediction Innovation Center (EPIC) and the Unified Forecast System (UFS) at the National Center for Atmospheric Research / University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (NCAR/UCAR) facility located at 3090  Center Green Dr, Boulder, CO 80301. The 2023 event built off of the 2022 event, leveraging feedback from the previous year that was utilized in planning and executing the event.
title: First Through the Black Glass Ceiling: Towards Understanding the Communication of Successful “First” Black Women of Martinsville
Creators: name: Dillard, Dasha L.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The present study investigated the communication Black women ‘firsts’ of Martinsville, Virginia received and how resilience is communicated throughout one’s lives. Seven Black women who once worked or lived in Martinsville, Virginia were interviewed to discover the resilience themes through their professional lives and how resilience was a factor in how these women became ‘firsts’ in their respective fields. The study's findings show that certain personality and communication traits define and equip Black women to succeed and overcome adversities in today’s society. Furthermore, women who exhibited personality qualities such as assertiveness, faith, rebellion, and self-preservation and communication qualities such as assimilation, confronting micro-aggression, countering, pacification, and educating were able to succeed.
Binary black holes on a budget: Simulations using workstations
Creators: name: Marronetti, Pedro
name: Tichy, Wolfgang
name: Bruegmann, Bernd
name: Gonzalez, Jose
name: Hannam, Mark
name: Husa, Sascha
name: Sperhake, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary black hole simulations have traditionally been computationally very expensive: current simulations are performed in supercomputers involving dozens if not hundreds of processors, thus systematic studies of the parameter space of binary black hole encounters still seem prohibitive with current technology. Here we show how the multi-layered refinement level code BAM can be used on dual processor workstations to simulate certain binary black hole systems. BAM, based on the moving punctures method, provides grid structures composed of boxes of increasing resolution near the center of the grid. In the case of binaries, the highest resolution boxes are placed around each black hole and they track them in their orbits until the final merger when a single set of levels surrounds the black hole remnant. This is particularly useful when simulating spinning black holes since the gravitational fields gradients are larger. We present simulations of binaries with equal mass black holes with spins parallel to the binary axis and intrinsic magnitude of S/m^2= 0.75. Our results compare favorably to those of previous simulations of this particular system. We show that the moving punctures method produces stable simulations at maximum spatial resolutions up to M/160 and for durations of up to the equivalent of 20 orbital periods.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Final version, to appear in a special issue of Class. Quantum Grav. based on the New Frontiers in Numerical Relativity Conference, Golm, July 2006
Implementing strong interference in ultrathin film top absorbers for tandem solar cells
Creators: name: Piekner, Yifat
name: Dotan, Hen
name: Tsyganok, Anton
name: Malviya, Kirtiman Deo
name: Grave, Daniel A.
name: Kfir, Ofer
name: Rothschild, Avner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong interference in ultrathin film semiconductor absorbers on metallic back reflectors has been shown to enhance the light harvesting efficiency of solar cell materials. However, metallic back reflectors are not suitable for tandem cell configurations because photons cannot be transmitted through the device. Here, we introduce a method to implement strong interference in ultrathin film top absorbers in a tandem cell configuration through use of distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). We showcase this by designing and fabricating a photoelectrochemical-photovoltaic (PEC-PV) stacked tandem cell in a V-shaped configuration where short wavelength photons are reflected back to the photoanode material (hematite, Fe2O3), whereas long wavelength photons are transmitted to the bottom silicon PV cell. We employ optical simulations to determine the optimal thicknesses of the DBR layers and the V-shape angle to maximize light absorption in the ultrathin (10 nm thick) hematite film. The DBR spectral response can be tailored to allow for a more than threefold enhancement in absorbed photons compared to a layer of the same thickness on transparent current collectors. Using a DBR to couple a bottom silicon PV cell with an ultrathin hematite top PEC cell, we demonstrate unassisted solar water splitting and show that DBRs can be designed to enhance strong interference in ultrathin films while enabling stacked tandem cell configuration.
Τα διαπολιτισμικά οφέλη της εφαρμογής μιας εκπαιδευτικής μεθόδου στο μάθημα της Πληροφορικής στο Γυμνάσιο:
Creators: name: Δελημπέη, Ελένη Αριστοτέλη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Διαπολιτισμικά οφέλη
Διδακτικές μεθοδολογίες
Πληροφορική
Intercultural benefits
Educational methods
Informatics

description: Αυτό που εξετάζεται στην παρούσα εργασία, είναι αν και κατά πόσο μια διδακτική μεθοδολογία στα πλαίσια του μαθήματος της Πληροφορικής, μπορεί να συμβάλει αποτελεσματικά και ουσιαστικά στην προσπάθεια ευαισθητοποίησης των μαθητών σε θέματα που σχετίζονται και αφορούν τη διαπολιτισμική εκπαίδευση, την καταπολέμηση του ρατσισμού, την άρση των στερεοτύπων και την αντιμετώπιση φαινομένων περιθωριοποίησης. Για το σκοπό αυτό διεξήχθη συγκριτική μελέτη ανάμεσα σε δύο διδακτικές μεθοδολογίες, της μεθόδου Project και μιας πιο κατευθυνόμενης διερευνητικής διδασκαλίας, οι οποίες εφαρμόστηκαν σε δύο τμήματα της Γ’ τάξης του Γυμνασίου Άρνισσας Ν. Πέλλας. Το περιεχόμενο της διδασκαλίας και στα δύο τμήματα ήταν διαπολιτισμικό. Οι αλλαγές στις στάσεις και απόψεις των μαθητών διερευνήθηκαν με τη χρήση ερωτηματολόγιου, στο οποίο κλήθηκαν να απαντήσουν οι συμμετέχοντες τόσο πριν όσο και μετά την εκπαιδευτική παρέμβαση. Τα δεδομένα που συλλέχθηκαν συγκρίθηκαν μεταξύ τους και ακολούθησε η ποιοτική ερμηνεία τους. Τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν έδειξαν πως η κατευθυνόμενη διερευνητική διδασκαλία οδήγησε σε καλύτερα αποτελέσματα σχετικά με την αλλαγή στάσης απέναντι στον «άλλο», ενώ η διδασκαλία με σχέδια εργασίας δεν είχε τα αναμενόμενα οφέλη.
description: The object of this study is to examine whether and to what extent a didactic method which is applied in the lessons of Informatics in high-school, can lead to positive educational outcomes which are related to intercultural education, the delimitation of racism, the positive change of stereotypic beliefs and reduction of marginalization phenomena. With this purpose in mind, a comparative study between two different didactic methods, the Project Method and a more directed exploratory one, was conducted. These methods have been applied to two classes of third grade students at the high-school of Arnissa in Pella. Both methods had a intercultural content. Changes in attitudes and opinions of students were investigated using a questionnaire, in which the participants were asked to answer both before and after the educational intervention. The collected data were compared with each other, followed by qualitative interpretation. The outcomes of this research showed that the directed exploratory method led to better results on the change of attitude towards the “other”, while the Project Method didn’t have the expected benefits.
Extensive statistical mechanics based on nonadditive entropy: Canonical ensemble
Creators: name: Parvan, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The original canonical ensemble formalism for the nonextensive entropy thermostatistics is reconsidered. It is shown that the unambiguous connection of the statistical mechanics with the equilibrium thermodynamics is provided if the entropic parameter $1/(q-1)$ is an extensive variable of the state. Based on a particular example of the perfect gas, it is proved that the Tsallis thermostatistics meets all the requirements of equilibrium thermodynamics in the thermodynamic limit. In particular, the entropy of the system is extensive and the temperature is intensive. However, for finite systems both the Tsallis and Boltzmann-Gibbs entropies are nonextensive. The equivalence of the canonical and microcanonical ensembles of Tsallis thermostatistics in the thermodynamic limit is established. The issue associated with physical interpretation of the entropic variable is discussed in detail.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Generalised Geometry for M-Theory
Creators: name: Hull, C M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Generalised geometry studies structures on a d-dimensional manifold with a metric and 2-form gauge field on which there is a natural action of the group SO(d,d). This is generalised to d-dimensional manifolds with a metric and 3-form gauge field on which there is a natural action of the group $E_{d}$. This provides a framework for the discussion of M-theory solutions with flux. A different generalisation is to d-dimensional manifolds with a metric, 2-form gauge field and a set of p-forms for $p$ either odd or even on which there is a natural action of the group $E_{d+1}$. This is useful for type IIA or IIB string solutions with flux. Further generalisations give extended tangent bundles and extended spin bundles relevant for non-geometric backgrounds. Special structures that arise for supersymmetric backgrounds are discussed.
description: 31 pages
title: Observed and Estimated Bycatch of Eulachon in the 2002-21 U.S. West Coast Fisheries
Creators: name: Gustafson, Richard
name: Richerson, Kate E.
name: Somers, Kayleigh A.
name: Tuttle, Vanessa J.
name: McVeigh, Jon T.
Publisher: name: Northwest Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 2023

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS NWFSC ; 188
description: Eulachon are a species of small silver fish in the smelt family. They are native to the Pacific Northwest, thriving in coastal waters from southwestern Alaska to Northern California. Like Pacific salmon, eulachon spawn in rivers before migrating to the ocean, where they reside near the bottom at up to 650 ft deep. The Southern Distinct Population Segment (DPS) of eulachon was listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) in 2010.
Orbitally driven spin-singlet dimerization in $S$=1 La$_{4}$Ru$_{2}$O$_{10}$
Creators: name: Wu, Hua
name: Hu, Z.
name: Burnus, T.
name: Denlinger, J. D.
name: Khalifah, P. G.
name: Mandrus, D.
name: Jang, L. -Y.
name: Hsieh, H. H.
name: Tanaka, A.
name: Liang, K. S.
name: Allen, J. W.
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Khomskii, D. I.
name: Tjeng, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using x-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Ru-$L_{2,3}$ edge we reveal that the Ru$^{4+}$ ions remain in the $S$=1 spin state across the rare 4d-orbital ordering transition and spin-gap formation. We find using local spin density approximation + Hubbard U (LSDA+U) band structure calculations that the crystal fields in the low temperature phase are not strong enough to stabilize the $S$=0 state. Instead, we identify a distinct orbital ordering with a significant anisotropy of the antiferromagnetic exchange couplings. We conclude that La$_{4}$Ru$_{2}$O$_{10}$ appears to be a novel material in which the orbital physics drives the formation of spin-singlet dimers in a quasi 2-dimensional $S$=1 system.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, and 1 table
title: State of the Geomagnetic Field 2023
Creators: name: National Centers for Environmental Information (U.S.)
Publisher: name: National Centers for Environmental Information (U.S.)
Year: 2023

description: The World Magnetic Model (WMM) is a spherical harmonic model of the Earth’s main magnetic field and its slow temporal change. It is jointly developed by the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) and the British Geological Survey (BGS) and is a joint product of the United States’ National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) and the United Kingdom’s Defence Geographic Centre (DGC). The WMM is the standard model used by the U.S. and U.K. governments as well as international organizations (e.g., the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the International Hydrographic Organization) for navigation, attitude, and heading referencing systems that make use of the geomagnetic field. It is also used widely in navigation and heading systems developed by other bodies unaffiliated with national governments.
Fingerprints of optical absorption in the perovskite LaInO$_{3}$: Insight from many-body theory and experiment
Creators: name: Aggoune, Wahib
name: Irmscher, Klaus
name: Nabok, Dmitrii
name: Vona, Cecilia
name: Anooz, Saud Bin
name: Galazka, Zbigniew
name: Albrecht, Martin
name: Draxl, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a combined theoretical and experimental study of the electronic structure and the optical absorption edge of the orthorhombic perovskite LaInO$_{3}$. Employing density-functional theory and many-body perturbation theory, we predict a direct electronic quasiparticle band gap of about 5 eV and an effective electron (hole) mass of 0.31 (0.48) m$_{0}$. We find the lowest-energy excitation at 0.2 eV below the fundamental gap, reflecting a sizeable electron-hole attraction. Since the transition from the valence band maximum (VBM, $Γ$ point) is, however, dipole forbidden the onset is characterized by weak excitations from transitions around it. The first intense excitation appears about 0.32 eV above. Interestingly, this value coincides with an experimental value obtained by ellipsometry (4.80 eV) which is higher than the onset from optical absorption spectroscopy (4.35 eV). The latter discrepancy is attributed to the fact that the weak transitions that define the optical gap are not resolved by the ellipsometry measurement. The absorption edge shows a strong dependency on the light polarization, reflecting the character of the involved valence states. Temperature-dependent measurements show a redshift of the optical gap by about 120 meV by increasing the temperature from 5 to 300 K. Renormalization due to zero-point vibrations is extrapolated from the latter measurement to amount to 150 meV. By adding the excitonic binding energy of 0.2 eV obtained theoretically to the experimental optical absorption onset, we determine the fundamental band gap at room temperature to be 4.55 eV.
Isomorphisms between topological conjugacy algebras
Creators: name: Davidson, Kenneth R.
name: Katsoulis, Elias G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47L80

description: A family of algebras, which we call topological conjugacy algebras, is associated with each proper continuous map on a locally compact Hausdorff space. Assume that $η_i:\X_i\to \X_i$ is a continuous proper map on a locally compact Hausdorff space $\X_i$, for $i = 1,2$. We show that the dynamical systems $(\X_1, η_1)$ and $(\X_2, η_2)$ are conjugate if and only if some topological conjugacy algebra of $(\X_1, η_1)$ is isomorphic as an algebra to some topological conjugacy algebra of $(\X_2, η_2)$. This implies as a corollary the complete classification of the semicrossed products $C_0(\X) \times_η \bbZ^{+}$, which was previously considered by Arveson and Josephson, Peters, Hadwin and Hoover and Power. We also obtain a complete classification of all semicrossed products of the form $A(\bbD) \times_η\bbZ^{+}$, where $A(\bbD)$ denotes the disc algebra and $η: \bbD \to \bbD$ a continuous map which is analytic on the interior. In this case, a surprising dichotomy appears in the classification scheme, which depends on the fixed point set of $η$. We also classify more general semicrossed products of uniform algebras.
description: 25 pages. Accepted for publication in Crelle's Journal
Pleiades Toolkit: Automatic rule-based modeling of bacterial gene regulation enables simulation, prediction, and perturbation of gene responses
Creators: name: Santibáñez, Rodrigo
name: Garrido, Daniel
name: Martin, Alberto
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Regulation of gene expression is essential for cell homeostasis and adaptation. This regulation relies on transcription factors and other proteins that trigger specific genetic programs. However, the complexity of this regulatory network precludes efforts to model gene regulation at genome-scale. In this work, we developed the Pleiades toolkit that is currently composed by Atlas, Pleione, and Sterope. Atlas reconstruct a Rule-Based Model (RBMs) from biological networks. These Rules are similar to chemical equations and Atlas interpret nodes as model components and edges as a set of reactions, depending on the encoded nature of the networks. After model reconstruction, Pleione parameterizes RBMs employing one of four stochastic simulation software and distribute calculations with subprocesses or SLURM, taking advantage of high-performance computers and computational clusters. Finally, Sterope performs a global sensitivity analysis of selected parameters, calculating the interference or contribution of one Rule to itself and the remaining Rules. We validate the Pleiades employing the Escherichia coli regulatory and metabolic networks retrieved from Ecocyc and expression data from the literature. The developed Toolkit allows assessing of the impact of modifications like gene copy number, operon architecture, and other common genetic modifications to understand bacterial physiology, disease, and eventually, engineering of those systems.
Manipulating Multi-qudit Entanglement Witnesses by Using Linear Programming
Creators: name: Jafarizadeh, M. A.
name: Najarbashi, G.
name: Habibian, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new class of entanglement witnesses (EWs) called reduction type entanglement witnesses is introduced, which can detect some multi-qudit entangeled states including PPT ones with Hilbert space of dimension $d_{_{1}}\otimes d_{_{2}}\otimes...\otimes d_{_{n}}$. The novelty of this work comes from the fact that the feasible regions turn out to be convex polygons, hence the manipulation of these EWs reduces to linear programming which can be solved \emph{exactly} by using simplex method. The decomposability and non-decomposability of these EWs are studied and it is shown that it has a close connection with eigenvalues and optimality of EWs. Also using the Jamiołkowski isomorphism, the corresponding possible positive maps, including the generalized reduction maps of Ref. \cite{Hall1}, are obtained.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures
Распространение и этиология маститов и эндометритов у коров
Creators: name: Ремизова Е.В
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2021
Subjects: корова
мастит
эндометрит
микрофлора
cow
mastitis
endometritis
microflora.

description: В статье представлен литературный обзор результатов исследований по изучению распространения и этиологии маститов и эндометритов в некоторых регионах РФ.
description: Article presents a literature review of the results of studies on the spread and etiology of mastitis and endometritis in some regions of the Russian Federation.
Outlook Work as an Extension Activity
Creators: name: Federal Extension Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1954
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: The purpose of this statement is to present in outline form what may be considered to be the "outlook job" of the Extension Service, (1) providing a continuous outlook information service, (2) developing a better understanding of the outlook, and (3) helping people use outlook in making decisions.
description: Prepared for discussion at Agricultural Outlook Conference, Oct. 1954.
Kadomtsev-Petviashvili turning points and CKP hierarchy
Creators: name: Krichever, I.
name: Zabrodin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A characterization of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili hierarchy of type C (CKP) in terms of the KP tau-function is given. Namely, we prove that the CKP hierarchy can be identified with the restriction of odd times flows of the KP hierarchy on the locus of turning points of the second flow. The notion of CKP tau-function is clarified and connected with the KP tau function. Algebraic-geometrical solutions and in particular elliptic solutions are discussed in detail. The new identity for theta-functions of curves with holomorphic involution having fixed points is obtained.
description: 44 pages, no figures
Entanglement entropy of aperiodic quantum spin chains
Creators: name: Igloi, F.
name: Juhasz, R.
name: Zimboras, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement entropy of blocks of contiguous spins in non-periodic (quasi-periodic or more generally aperiodic) critical Heisenberg, XX and quantum Ising spin chains, e.g. in Fibonacci chains. For marginal and relevant aperiodic modulations, the entanglement entropy is found to be a logarithmic function of the block size with log-periodic oscillations. The effective central charge, c_eff, defined through the constant in front of the logarithm may depend on the ratio of couplings and can even exceed the corresponding value in the homogeneous system. In the strong modulation limit, the ground state is constructed by a renormalization group method and the limiting value of c_eff is exactly calculated. Keeping the ratio of the block size and the system size constant, the entanglement entropy exhibits a scaling property, however, the corresponding scaling function may be nonanalytic.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Strong Spatial Dispersion in Time-Modulated Dielectric Media
Creators: name: Torrent, Dani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an effective medium description of time-modulated dielectric media. By taking the averaged fields over one modulation period, the relationship between them is derived, defining therefore the different constitutive parameters. In the most general situation, it is found that the effective material is described by means of a spatially and temporally dispersive transverse dielectric function and a constant longitudinal dielectric function. It has been also found that the frequency dependence in the former is weak, in comparison with its wavenumber-dependence (spatial dispersion). Different physical consequences of this spatial dispersion are discussed, with special emphasis in the weak dispersion approximation, limit in which it is found that the effective material behaves as a resonant and isotropic magnetodielectric medium with no additional longitudinal mode, as it is commonly found in spatially dispersive materials. Time-dependent media opens therefore an alternative way of designing dynamically tunable metamaterials.
Transversity and inclusive two-pion production
Creators: name: Radici, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for dihadron fragmentation functions is briefly outlined, that describes the fragmentation of a quark in two unpolarized hadrons. The parameters are tuned to the output of the PYTHIA event generator for two-hadron semi-inclusive production in deep inelastic scattering at HERMES. Then, predictions are made for the unknown polarized fragmentation function and the related single-spin asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of $π^+ π^-$ pairs in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering on transversely polarized targets at HERMES and COMPASS. This asymmetry can be used to extract the quark transversity distribution.
description: 4 pages, 4 composite figures, talk presented at the 17th International Spin Physics Symposium (SPIN2006), Kyoto (Japan), October 2-7, 2006
A Conservative High-Order Method Utilizing Dynamic Transfinite Mortar Elements for Flow Simulation on Curved Sliding Meshes
Creators: name: Zhang, Bin
name: Liang, Chunlei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a high-order method for flow simulation on unstructured curved nonconforming sliding meshes. This method utilizes dynamic transfinite mortar elements to exchange flow information between the two sides of a sliding interface. The method is arbitrarily high-order accurate in space, provably conservative, and satisfies outflow condition. Moreover, it retains the accuracy of a time marching scheme, and thus allows substantial reduction of rotational speed effects when equipped with a high-order temporal scheme. The method's capability of simultaneously handling multiple rotational objects is also explored. Details on the implementation are provided as well.
Gauge/gravity duality and thermalization of a boost-invariant perfect fluid
Creators: name: Janik, Romuald A.
name: Peschanski, Robi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the equation for the quasi-normal modes corresponding to the scalar excitation of a black hole moving away in the fifth dimension. This geometry is the AdS/CFT dual of a boost-invariant expanding perfect fluid in N=4 SUSY Yang-Mills theory at large proper-time. On the gauge-theory side, the dominant solution of the equation describes the decay back to equilibrium of a scalar excitation of the perfect fluid. Its characteristic proper-time can be interpreted as a thermalization time of the perfect fluid, which is a universal (and numerically small) constant in units of the unique scale of the problem. This may provide a new insight on the short thermalization-time puzzle encountered in heavy-ion collision phenomenology. A nontrivial scaling behaviour in proper-time is obtained which can be interpreted in terms of a slowly varying adiabatic approximation.
description: 11 pages, no figures; v2: misprints corrected, results unchanged; v3: reference added
title: Comparing Coral Demographic Surveys From In Situ Observations and Structure-From-Motion Photogrammetry on High Diversity Reefs Shows Low Methodological Bias but Highlights Persistent Areas of Concern
Creators: name: Charendoff, Jonathan A.
name: Couch, Courtney
name: Oliver, Thomas
name: Lamirand, Mia
name: Amir, Corinne
name: Basden, Isabelle
name: Torres-Pulliza, Damaris
name: Asbury, Mollie
name: Winston, Morgan
name: Huntington, Brittany
name: Lichowski, Frances
name: Osborn, Nicolas
name: Ehrenberg, Jon
name: Garriques, Joao
name: Samson, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 2023

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS PIFSC ; 153
description: The Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center’s Ecosystem Sciences Division (ESD) executes the National Coral Reef Monitoring Program (NCRMP) across 40 primary islands, atolls, and shallow banks in the U.S. Pacific. The goal of NCRMP is to understand how reefs are responding, in both time and space, to local and global disturbances, and what factors enhance reef resilience.
title: Indonesian palm oil exports and deforestation
Creators: name: Benedict, Jason
name: Heilmayr, Robert
Publisher: name: Trase
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 1.5
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
classificationCode: 4.1
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries
classificationCode: 5.2
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Although Indonesia’s palm oil sector has experienced a modest increase in deforestation in 2022, the last two years have seen the lowest rates of oil palm-driven deforestation in the past twenty years. Nevertheless, greenhouse gas emissions linked to the sector still account for a substantial portion of the country's total emissions.
On the observability of field-assisted birefringent Delbrück scattering
Creators: name: Ahmadiniaz, N.
name: Bussmann, M.
name: Cowan, T. E.
name: Debus, A.
name: Kluge, T.
name: Schützhold, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the scattering of an x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) beam on the superposition of a strong magnetic field $\bf{B}_{\rm ext}$ with the Coulomb field $\bf{E}_{\rm ext}$ of a nucleus with charge number $Z$. In contrast to pure Delbrück scattering (Coulomb field only), the magnetic field $\bf{B}_{\rm ext}$ introduces an asymmetry (i.e., polarization dependence) and renders the effective interaction volume quite large, while the nuclear Coulomb field facilitates a significant momentum transfer $Δ\bf k$. For a field strength of $B_{\rm ext}=10^6~\rm T$ (corresponding to an intensity of order $10^{22}~\rm W/cm^2$) and an XFEL frequency of 24 keV, we find a differential cross section $dσ/dΩ\sim10^{-25}~Z^2/(Δ{\bf k})^2$ in forward direction for one nucleus. Thus, this effect might be observable in the near future at facilities such as the Helmholtz International Beamline for Extreme Fields (HIBEF) at the European XFEL.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The Equivariant Chow rings of quot schemes
Creators: name: Braden, Tom
name: Chen, Linda
name: Sottile, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C05, 14M15, 55N91

description: We give a presentation for the (integral) torus-equivariant Chow ring of the quot scheme, a smooth compactification of the space of rational curves of degree d in the Grassmannian. For this presentation, we refine Evain's extension of the method of Goresky, Kottwitz, and MacPherson to express the torus-equivariant Chow ring in terms of the torus-fixed points and explicit relations coming from the geometry of families of torus-invariant curves. As part of this calculation, we give a complete description of the torus-invariant curves on the quot scheme and show that each family is a product of projective spaces.
description: Revised slightly. Clarifed some statements and remove one straightforward proof. 26 pages, many .eps figures