cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Influence of the black hole spin on the chaotic particle dynamics within a dipolar halo
Creators: name: Nag, Sankhasubhra
name: Sinha, Siddhartha
name: Ananda, Deepika B.
name: Das, Tapas K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of the spin angular momentum of astrophysical black holes in controlling the special relativistic chaotic dynamics of test particles moving under the influence of a post-Newtonian pseudo-Kerr black hole potential, along with a perturbative potential created by a asymmetrically placed (dipolar) halo. Proposing a Lyapunov-like exponent to be the effective measure of the degree of chaos observed in the system under consideration, it has been found that black hole spin anti-correlates with the degree of chaos for the aforementioned dynamics. Our findings have been explained applying the general principles of dynamical systems analysis.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Long-Term Stability of HJT Solar Cells under Illumination and UV Exposure
Creators: name: Luka, T.
name: Sporleder, K.
name: Hevisov, D.
name: Bauer, J.
name: Eiternick, S.
name: Großer, S.
name: Turek, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 302-304
description: Long term stability is a major quality criterion of solar cells. In particular, light exposure together with increased temperatures can lead to severe degradation losses. In this work, advanced cell technologies namely PERC and hetero-junction solar cells are investigated under illumination with white and UV light at moderate and elevated temperatures. The PERC solar cells showed a medium light induced degradation at elevated temperature. A similar trend is observed under UV illumination. Hetero-junction solar cells do not degrade under white light illumination. To the contrary, an efficiency improvement is observed under light exposure at increased temperatures. This improvement is mainly due to an increase in fill factor. The fill factor still increases during a treatment with pronounced UV amount. Even more, the elevated temperature treatment leads to a long-term stabilization of the HJT cells under UV exposure.
Flexible Bifacial Amorphous Si Quintuple- and Sextuple-Junction Solar Cells for IoT Devices
Creators: name: Konagai, M.
name: Noge, H.
name: Ishikawa, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Thin Film and Foil-Based Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 295-301
description: Bifacial a-SiOx:H/a-SiOx:H/a-Si:H/a-SiOx:H/a-SiOx:H quintuple-junction and a-SiOx:H/a-SiOx:H/aSi:H/a-Si:H/a-SiOx:H/a-SiOx:H sextuple-junction solar cells were prepared by the PE-CVD. The solar cell has a structure in which both sides are sandwiched between ITO layers, and the structure allows light irradiation from both sides. A total of 49 cells having an area of 0.25 cm2 , 0.5 cm2 , and 1 cm2 was fabricated on a 10cm x 10cm substrate. The distribution of open-circuit voltage, Voc, under low illumination in all 49 solar cells was investigated. As one example of applying bifacial multi-junction a-Si based solar cells as an independent power source for the Internet of Things (IoT) devices, a flexible bifacial quintuple-junction solar cell was also prepared. In the sextuple-junction solar cell, an open-circuit voltage of 4.1 and 3.5 V was obtained even at a low illuminance of 3,000 and 100 lux, respectively. In the quintuple-junction solar cell formed on the polyimide film substrate, an open-circuit voltage of 3.2 and 2.7 V was obtained at 3,000 and 100 lux, respectively. The decreasing amount of the open circuit voltage when the irradiation intensity became 1/10, Voc (1/10), was 62-64 mV/cell.
Das Thema "Ehescheidung nach Ehebruch" auf dem Konzil von Trient (1563)
Creators: name: Fransen, Piet F.
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 6 Nr. 5 (1970): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 6, Heft 5
Influence of Edge Recombinations on the Performance of Half-, Shingled- and Full Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Giglia, V.
name: Veirman, J.
name: Varache, R.
name: Portaluppi, B.
name: Harrison, S.
name: Fourmond, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 282-285
description: Full size silicon heterojunction solar cells (SHJ) made on the pilot line at CEA-INES reach efficiencies () up to 24.5%. However, photoluminescence pictures of such cells reveal that the cell edges are the site of a significant recombination activity. Therefore, mitigating recombination at the edges can in principle represent an interesting path to unlock higher . This challenge is all the more important for cells with a high perimeter/area ratio and/or cut edges, such as half-cells and shingled cells obtained by cutting from full size cells. For such technologies, 1) the edges resulting from cutting are cleaved while 2) the remaining edges typically feature a gap where TCO is missing due to TCO masking. To our knowledge, cell edge effects for different SHJ cell configurations (full, half or shingled) have been little addressed, are poorly understood, and guidelines for efficient edge treatment are therefore still missing. The results of our investigations reveal that the native passivation quality of the cell edges is significant, which leads to a remarkably low 0.15% loss in efficiency. On the contrary, our work on the half- and shingled-cells revealed that the repassivation of the cut edges could be an efficient lever for increasing such cells efficiencies.
Auditing spreadsheets: With or without a tool?
Creators: name: Schalkwijk, Simone
name: Hermans, Felienne
name: van der Ven, Michiel
name: Duits, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spreadsheets are known to be error-prone. Over the last decade, research has been done to determine the causes of the high rate of errors in spreadsheets. This paper examines the added value of a spreadsheet tool (PerfectXL) that visualizes spreadsheet dependencies and determines possible errors in spreadsheets by defining risk areas based on previous work. This paper will firstly discuss the most common mistakes in spreadsheets. Then we will summarize research on spreadsheet tools, focussing on the PerfectXL tool. To determine the perceptions of the usefulness of a spreadsheet tool in general and the PerfectXL tool in particular, we have shown the functionality of PerfectXL to several auditors and have also interviewed them. The results of these interviews indicate that spreadsheet tools support a more effective and efficient audit of spreadsheets; the visualization feature in particular is mentioned by the auditors as being highly supportive for their audit task, whereas the risk feature was deemed of lesser value.
description: 15 Pages, 2 Tables, 8 Colour Figures
Stress Induced Inhomogeneities in Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells: From Characterization to Advanced Electrical Modelling
Creators: name: Kikelj, M.
name: Lipovsek, B.
name: Bokalic, M.
name: Topic, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 286-289
description: In this contribution we present a fully scalable, quasi-SPICE distributed modelling approach for a wholesome analysis of stress induced, as well as inherent inhomogeneities (material impurities, grain boundaries) in silicon solar cells and PV modules based on electroluminescence imaging. We describe the derivation of electrical models for different IEC TS 60904-13 recognised stress induced inhomogeneities, namely the active and the inactive cracks, dead cell areas, and contact finger interruptions, and highlight their effects on the current-voltage characteristic of the cell. We validate our model on a selection of experimental cases of sample silicon solar cells on the basis of a comparative study of current-voltage characteristics and electroluminescence images. We demonstrate the applicability of our model on a complexly damaged full-sized sample cell, showing excellent agreement with the measurements.
Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) and Catalytic CVD (Hot-Wire CVD) for High-Rate Fabrication of Thin-Film Silicon Layers
Creators: name: Leszczynski, S.
name: Leszczynska, B.
name: Strobel, C.
name: Albert, M.
name: Stahr, F.
name: Kuske, J.
name: Bartha, J.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Thin Film and Foil-Based Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 290-294
description: The main invention in this work is an application of HW-CVD and PECVD technique in one dynamic deposition system, utilizing the advantages of both methods. The focus here has been placed on the compatibility of both deposition technologies in the production of layer stacks used in the solar cell fabrication. The process parameters were developed in such a way, that different combinations of i-, p- and n- layers using PECVD and HW-CVD were deposited during a single in-line dynamic process run. Electrical parameters of fabricated thin films, as well as the passivation properties of the layer stacks, and characteristics of the HIT solar cells, give a clear picture of the quality of the combined deposition procedure. The latest results clearly show that the passivation layers with high lifetime values (14 ms) can be achieved for both deposition methods. Although, during the fabrication of the solar cells using stacks of HW-CVD i-layer and PECVD n/p-layers a degradation of the open-circuit voltage (Voc) was observed. One possible explanation for these phenomena can be that the ion bombardment during the PECVD process degrades the properties of i-HW-CVD layer. Thus, for better understanding, the electrical and structural properties of different conducting and intrinsic materials and their stacks were analyzed. Finally, complex simulation studies of HW-CVD and PECVD processes were performed to explain the principle differences between these two deposition methods.
Review and Recent Development in Combining Photoluminescence- and Electroluminescence-Imaging with Carrier Lifetime Measurements via Modulated Photoluminescence at Variable Temperatures
Creators: name: Höffler, H.
name: Schindler, F.
name: Brand, A.
name: Herrmann, D.
name: Eberle, R.
name: Post, R.
name: Kessel, A.
name: Greulich, J.
name: Schubert, M.C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 264-276
description: In this contribution we give a review on measurement techniques which allow to measure the minority carrier lifetime in silicon solar cell precursors in a spatially resolved manner. The measurement of spatially resolved lifetime using the combination of modulated photoluminescence and photoluminescence imaging (Mod-PL calibrated PLI) is reviewed in detail. Based on our experience we present a canon of recommendations for the features of the experimental setup and the data analysis methods, which we consider to be necessary for Mod-PL calibrated PLI measurements. Using these recommendations the results of selected samples are checked for reproducibility, selfconsistency and cross compared to photoconductance based results. Reproducibility is observed to be better than 1 %. The dependence on critical input parameters like measurement frequency and calibration position is observed to be smaller than 5 %. Comparison to photoconductance decay measurements for a broad variety of specimen throughout our R&D environment reveals deviation of less than 10 % for most samples, which can partly be attributed to potential artifacts in the photoconductance measurements. An overview on some selected applications of temperature controlled Mod-PL calibrated PLI measurements in an R&D environment is given. The overview includes the applications: prediction of efficiency potential of silicon material, process optimization of laser processes, quantitative determination of metal induced recombination, quantitative determination of series resistance, determination of material specific temperature coefficients and classification and localization of material defects via temperature and injection dependent lifetime spectroscopy.
Three-dimensional non-equilibrium Potts systems with magnetic friction
Creators: name: Li, Linjun
name: Pleimling, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-equilibrium steady states that emerge when two interacting three-dimensional Potts blocks slide on each other. As at equilibrium the Potts model exhibits different types of phase transitions for different numbers $q$ of spin states, we consider the following three cases: $q=2$ (i.e. the Ising case), $q=3$, and $q=9$, which at equilibrium yield respectively a second order phase transition, a weak first order transition and a strong first order transition. In our study we focus on the anisotropic character of the steady states that result from the relative motion and discuss the change in finite-size signatures when changing the number $q$ of spin states.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the Physical Review E
Primordial magnetic fields in the $f^{2}FF$ model in large field inflation under de Sitter and power law expansion
Creators: name: AlMuhammad, Anwar
name: Lopez-Mobilia, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the $f^{2}FF$ model to study the generation of primordial magnetic fields (PMF) in the context of large field inflation (LFI), described by the potential, $V \sim M ϕ^{p}$. We compute the magnetic and electric spectra for all possible values of the model parameters under de Sitter and power law expansion. We show that scale invariant PMF are not obtained in LFI to first order in the slow roll approximation, if we impose the constraint $V(ϕ=0)\sim 0$. Alternatively, if these constraints are relaxed, the scale invariant PMF can be generated. The associated electric field energy can fall below the energy density of inflation, $ρ_{\rm{Inf}}$ for the ranges of comoving wavenumbers, $ k > 8 \times 10^{-7} \rm{Mpc^{-1}}$ and $ k > 4 \times 10^{-6} \rm{Mpc^{-1}}$ in de Sitter and power law (PL) expansion. Further, it can drop below $ρ_{\rm{Inf}}$ on the ranges, e-foldings $N > 51$, $p<1.66$, $p >2.03$, $l_0 > 3 \times 10^5 {M_{\rm{Pl}}}^{-1} (H_i < 3.3 \times 10^{-6} M_{\rm{Pl}})$, and $M > 2.8 \times 10^{-3} M_{\rm{Pl}}$. All of the above ranges fit with the observational constraints.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, Astronomische Nachrichten (AN) Vol.337, Issue No.3, 2016
Contacting of Busbarless Solar Cells for Accurate I-V Measurements
Creators: name: Bothe, K.
name: Kruse, C.
name: Hinken, D.
name: Brendel, R.
name: Rauer, M.
name: Hohl-Ebinger, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 277-281
description: In recent years, solar cell development has undergone a major change in metallization layout. In their most radical form, busbarless solar cells completely omit the busbar and leave the fingers as solely contacting area. Consequently, characterization and calibration laboratories were forced to develop new contacting units. At the same time, the question of the correct arrangement of current and sense contacts arises. To perform accurate and precise measurements of the current-voltage characteristic of busbarless solar cells, we transfer the well-established concept of busbar-resistance neglecting contacting to the measurement of busbarless cells. The result is a universally valid gridresistance neglecting contacting scheme, which provides the same fill factor as one would get if one had contacted the entire metallized area of the solar cell. We demonstrate that a variety of contacting schemes are able to determine this fill factor if the sensing contact is correctly placed. We provide experimental evidence of consistent results for a contacting with 12 contact bars at ISFH CalTeC and 30 wires at Fraunhofer ISE CalLab, respectively. For the fill factor of 15 silicon solar cells with finger line resistances ranging from 0.6 to 12 /cm we show that the En-values between both calibration laboratories are well below 1, demonstrating a very good agreement within the accompanied measurement uncertainty.
AMPERE: The European PV Manufacturing Ready to Compete in the Premium High Efficiency Market
Creators: name: Colletti, C.
name: Gerardi, C.
name: Bizzarri, F.
name: Strahm, B.
name: Richter, A.
name: Muñoz, D.
name: Izzi, M.
name: Levrat, J.
name: Ballif, C.
name: Nielsen, O.
name: Hartlin, B.
name: Melzer, B.
name: Tallián, M.
name: Lombardo, S.
name: Balucani, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 256-260
description: A premium photovoltaic module technology with high efficiency, high reliability, and low LCOE has been industrialized in Europe by Enel Green Power in the framework of the H2020 funded project AMPERE, acronym for Automated photovoltaic cell and Module industrial Production to regain and secure European Renewable Energy market.. An innovative full-scale automated 200MWp/y production line of innovative silicon heterojunction technology (HJT) PV bifacial cells and modules has been started up in 2019 in Catania (Italy). In this paper we report the main outcome of this successful project. All the processes, methods, techniques, automation systems developed in the project and used in production represent an innovation with respect to the market mainstream technologies and with respect to the current practice in PV industry. The manufacturing plant is actually representing a technological leap that revolutionizes the production of the system allowing a new line of European latest-generation bifacial photovoltaic HJT modules.
Spectral Luminescence: Science and Applications in Silicon Photovoltaics
Creators: name: Nguyen, H.T.
name: Macdonald, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 261-263
description: In nature, many materials have their unique luminescence fingerprints. These fingerprints are strongly dependent on material properties, device structures, surrounding environments, and measurement conditions. These complex relationships provide us with unique opportunities to explore the properties of photovoltaic materials and devices by performing luminescence measurements from above the sample surfaces. A silicon solar cell can emit many luminescence peaks under appropriate excitation conditions. By investigating the fundamental properties of these peaks (energy, shape, and intensity) and their evolutions versus various fabrication and measurement conditions, we can extract many critical properties of the solar cell. This paper briefly reviews the physics and our recent advances in luminescence spectroscopy and imaging techniques to characterize silicon wafers and solar cells.
Metallicity Calibration and Photometric Parallax Estimation: I. UBV photometry
Creators: name: Guctekin, S. Tuncel
name: Bilir, S.
name: Karaali, S.
name: Ak, S.
name: Ak, T.
name: Bostanci, Z. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present metallicity and photometric parallax calibrations for the F and G type dwarfs with photometric, astrometric and spectroscopic data. The sample consists of 168 dwarf stars covering the colour, iron abundance and absolute magnitude intervals $0.30
description: 13 pages, 11 figures and 2 tables, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
OPTIMIZATION OF CROSS-BORDER SUPPLY CHAINS WITHIN SADC: A CASE STUDY OF THE COPPER MINING SECTOR IN ZAMBIA AND THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
Creators: name: Mbonigaba Celestin*, A. Dinesh Kumar** & M. Vasuki***
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The optimization of cross-border supply chains within the Southern African Development Community (SADC), particularly in the copper mining sector of Zambia and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), is essential for enhancing regional economic integration and global competitiveness. This study investigates the challenges and opportunities in this sector from July 2020 to June 2024, employing a triangulation model that integrates quantitative data, qualitative insights, and comparative analysis. The research identifies key obstacles, including inadequate transportation infrastructure, inconsistent customs regulations, and logistical inefficiencies that collectively hinder the efficiency and profitability of the copper supply chain.

The correlation analysis between copper production and infrastructure quality demonstrates a strong positive relationship, with a validation percentage of 99.7%, underscoring the critical impact of infrastructure improvements on production efficiency. The study proposes several optimization strategies, including substantial investment in infrastructure, regulatory harmonization, capacity building in supply chain management, and the adoption of advanced technologies like block chain and IoT. These strategies aim to reduce bureaucratic delays, enhance transparency, and promote sustainable practices within the copper mining supply chain.

The findings of this research offer actionable insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and regional organizations, contributing
TOPCon – Technology Options for Cost Efficient Industrial Manufacturing
Creators: name: Kafle, B.
name: Goraya, B.S.
name: Mack, S.
name: Feldmann, F.
name: Nold, S.
name: Rentsch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 242-251
description: Currently, PV industry is looking towards different technologically feasible options of transferring passivating contact or TOPCon cell concept from laboratory research towards industrial manufacturing. In this paper, we perform techno-economic assessment of industrial manufacturing of TOPCon-based solar cells after assessing various process routes based on currently production-ready and upcoming future alternative process technologies. Under given assumptions, TOPCon-concepts are found to remain economically competitive against bifacial PERC in terms of levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), if a minimum absolute gain in cell efficiency > 0.4- 0.6% can be maintained.
Mastering the Defectivity: Prerequisite for High Efficiency Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Varache, R.
name: Dahan, J.
name: Hotel, J.
name: Favre, W.
name: Danel, A.
name: Roux, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 252-255
description: The crystalline (c-Si) wafer passivation quality is known to be a key factor in the performance of high efficiency silicon based solar cells, among them silicon heterojunction cells (SHJ). During the cell fabrication process, wafers are manipulated via different handling systems entering in contact with the bare or weakly protected c-Si surface. Here the passivation quality brought by amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) is likely to be locally degraded. The amount of defectivity is revealed by spatially resolved photoluminescence. In this contribution, an image processing software HETLUMTOOL developed internally at CEA is introduced. It allows for the quantification of the defectivity, that can then linked to cell performance. The cell power conversion efficiency loss due to the defectivity amounts roughly 1.5% for cells produced at CEA [2018 data]. HETLUMTOOL features several options useful in a production line as a check of the correct behavior of the wafer transport system, for various cell technologies. Works done at CEA to reduce the defectivity took an important part in the achievement of the 24.63% cell (total area - 244.3 cm²) certified SHJ cell produced on an industrial set of tools. More recently a power conversion efficiency of 25.00% was reached (212.84cm²).
Fluctuation Diamagnetism in Two-Band Superconductors
Creators: name: Adachi, Kyosuke
name: Ikeda, Ryusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalously large fluctuation diamagnetism around the superconducting critical temperature has been recently observed on iron selenide (FeSe) [S. Kasahara et al., unpublished]. This indicates that superconducting fluctuations (SCFs) play a more significant role in FeSe, which supposedly has two-band structure, than in the familiar single-band superconductors. Motivated by the data in FeSe, SCF-induced diamagnetism is examined in a two-band system, on the basis of a phenomenological approach with a Ginzburg-Landau functional. The obtained results indicate that the SCF-induced diamagnetism may be more enhanced than that in a single-band system due to the existence of two distinct fluctuation modes. Such enhancement of diamagnetism unique to a two-band system seems consistent with the large diamagnetism observed on FeSe, though still far from a quantitative agreement.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Aspects of Gallium Doping for PERC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Fischer, G.
name: Wolny, F.
name: Neuhaus, H.
name: Müller, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 238-241
description: This study addresses the practical advantages and disadvantages of gallium-doped silicon for use in PERC solar cells. In a statistical analysis concerning the bulk recombination of various monocrystalline materials, it is shown that the Ga doping has advantages not only in Cz but also in cast-mono silicon material. Subsequently, the behavior of Ga-doped Si wafers concerning different degradation mechanisms is investigated. It is shown that the material properties change significantly during the PERC cell process. Nevertheless, LID and LeTID mechanisms are significantly reduced in all Ga-doped materials. A discussion of the Fe acceptor pairing shows that this must be considered especially in the evaluation of IV measurements. Finally, the less favorable specific resistance profile over ingot height is discussed for the Ga doping with resulting limitations and countermeasures. In conclusion, taking into account the examined aspects, the high potential of Ga-doped silicon wafers is compared to all other investigated materials in current industrial PERC cell processes by numerical device simulation.
Exponential energy growth due to slow parameter oscillations in quantum mechanical systems
Creators: name: Turaev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a periodic emergence and destruction of an additional quantum number leads to an exponential growth of energy of a quantum mechanical system subjected to a slow periodic variation of parameters. The main example is given by systems (e.g., quantum billiards and quantum graphs) with periodically divided configuration space. In special cases, the process can also lead to a long period of cooling that precedes the acceleration, and to the desertion of the states with a particular value of the quantum number.
An analysis of visitors' behavior in the Louvre Museum: A study using Bluetooth data
Creators: name: Yoshimura, Yuji
name: Sobolevsky, Stanislav
name: Ratti, Carlo
name: Girardin, Fabien
name: Carrascal, Juan Pablo
name: Blat, Josep
name: Sinatra, Roberta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Museums often suffer from so-called "hyper-congestion", wherein the number of visitors exceeds the capacity of the physical space of the museum. This can potentially deteriorate the quality of visitor's experience disturbed by other visitors' behaviors and presences. Although this situation can be mitigated by managing visitors' flow between spaces, a detailed analysis of the visitor's movement is required to fully realize and apply a proper solution to the problem. This paper analyzes the visitor's sequential movements, the spatial layout, and the relationship between them in large-scale art museums - Louvre Museum - using anonymized data collected through noninvasive Bluetooth sensors. This enables us to unveil some features of visitor's behavior and spatial impact that shed some light on the mechanism of the museum overcrowding. The analysis reveals that the visiting style of short and long stay visitors are not as significantly different as one could expect. Both types of visitors tend to visit a similar number of key locations in the museum while the longer stay type visitors just tend to do so more extensively. In addition, we reveal that some ways of exploring the museum appear frequently for both types of visitors, although long stay type visitors might be expected to diversify much more given the greater time spent in the museum. We suggest that these similarities/dissimilarities make for an uneven distribution of the quantity of visitors in the museum space. The findings increase the understanding of the unknown behaviors of visitors, which is key to improve the museum's environment and visiting experience.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Bayesian monitoring of emerging infectious diseases
Creators: name: Polyakov, Pavel
name: Breban, Romulus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We define data analyses to monitor a change in R, the average number of secondary cases caused by a typical infected individual. The input dataset consists of incident cases partitioned into outbreaks, each initiated from a single index case. We split of the input dataset into two successive subsets, to evaluate two successive R values, according to the Bayesian paradigm. We used the Bayes factor between the model with two different R values and that with a single R value to justify that the change in R is statistically significant. We validated our approach using simulated data, generated using known R. In particular, we found that claiming two distinct R values may depend significantly on the number of outbreaks. We then reanalyzed data previously studied by Jansen et al. [Jansen et al. Science 301 (5634), 804], concerning the effective reproduction number for measles in the UK, during 1995-2002. Our analyses showed that the 1995-2002 dataset should be divided into two separate subsets for the periods 1995-1998 and 1999-2002. In contrast, Jansen et al. take this splitting point as input of their analysis. Our estimated effective reproduction numbers R are in good agreement with those found by Jansen et al. In conclusion, our methodology for detecting temporal changes in R using outbreak-size data worked satisfactorily with both simulated and real-world data. The methodology may be used for updating R in real time, as surveillance outbreak data become available.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures
Payments for environmental services with ecological thresholds: farmers’ preferences for a sponsorship bonus
Creators: name: Le Gloux, Fanny
name: Ropars-Collet, Carole
name: Issanchou, Alice
name: Dupraz, Pierre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: water quality
subject: choice experiment
subject: collective action
subject: mixed logit model
subject: latent class model

description: Designing incentives for agri-environmental public good provision with threshold effects calls for payment mechanisms favouring critical mass participation and continuity of commitments at the landscape scale. Studies show farmers are reluctant to collective requirements but favourable to a bonus rewarding collective action. We conducted a choice experiment to test the acceptability of a bonus in a hypothetical scheme for improving rivers’ water quality in France. We introduce a sponsorship bonus each time the farmer convinces a peer into entering the scheme that can be combined with a collective result bonus per hectare if the river reaches a higher step of the water quality scale. We consider the involvement of local financers could increase the willingness to pay beyond opportunity costs and income foregone, and propose higher levels of payment than agri-environmental schemes. Results suggests a sponsorship bonus on its own is cost-effective, and that preferences for the bonus levels are heterogeneous..
On the Frattini subgroup of a finite group
Creators: name: Aivazidis, Stefanos
name: Ballester-Bolinches, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D25, 20D10

description: We study the class of finite groups $G$ satisfying $Φ(G/N)= Φ(G)N/N$ for all normal subgroups $N$ of $G$. As a consequence of our main results we extend and amplify a theorem of Doerk concerning this class from the soluble universe to all finite groups and answer in the affirmative a long-standing question of Christensen whether the class of finite groups which possess complements for each of their normal subgroups is subnormally closed.
description: 8 pages, no figures
Challenges for Efficient Integration of SHJ Based Solar Cells in Shingle Module Configuration
Creators: name: Harrison, S.
name: Bettinelli, A.
name: Portaluppi, B.
name: Giglia, V.
name: Carrière, C.
name: Sekkat, A.
name: Munoz-Rojas, D.
name: Barth, V.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Low Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 223-227
description: Half-cell and/or Shingle will soon become reference configuration for next generation of modules, especially with the continuous increase of wafer size. With this paper, we propose to review current progresses made in understanding and optimization of the fabrication of these specific SHJ Half-cell/Shingle cells. By adapting the production line to the Shingle configuration and corresponding additional process steps, we adress in particular the following critical points: metallization and edge losses mitigation. We do not limit our analysis to existing process optimization (laser power impact, single print metallization limitation), but propose as well additional integration approaches that could counter-balance or limit the parasitic defects generated during the cleavage process (adapted initial wafer specifications, alternative TLS cleavage, post process curing steps…etc). Finally, first module integration results obtained are presented, with promising output powers and excellent reliability already demonstrated.
Nuclear chiral and magnetic rotation in covariant density functional theory
Creators: name: Meng, Jie
name: Zhao, Pengwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitations of chiral rotation observed in triaxial nuclei and magnetic and/or antimagnetic rotations seen in near-spherical nuclei have attracted a lot of attention. Unlike conventional rotation in well-deformed or superdeformed nuclei, here the rotational axis is not necessary coinciding with any principal axis of the nuclear density distribution. Thus, tilted axis cranking is mandatory to describe these excitations self-consistently in the framework of covariant density functional theory (CDFT). We will briefly introduce the formalism of tilted axis cranking CDFT and its application for magnetic and antimagnetic rotation phenomena. Configuration-fixed CDFT and its predictions for nuclear chiral configurations and for favorable triaxial deformation parameters are also presented, and the discoveries of the multiple chiral doublets (M\c{hi}D) in 133Ce and 103Rh are discussed.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures, an invited comment to Physica Scripta to the Focus Issue on Nuclear Structure: Celebrating the 75 Nobel Prize, in press
Factors Affecting Burnout in Out-of-Office Workers in Thailand: a Moderated Multiple Regression Approach
Creators: name: Pattarachat Maneechaeye
Publisher: name: Stamford International University Thailand
Year: 2020
Subjects: Burnout
Isolation
Moderated Multiple Regression
Out-of-Office Workers

description: ASEAN Journal of Management & Innovation, 7, 1, 108 - 118
Novel Patterning Techniques for Copper Electroplated Metallization on Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lachowicz, A.
name: Andreatta, G.
name: Blondiaux, N.
name: Faes, A.
name: Diaz Leon, J.J.
name: Christmann, G.
name: Allebé, C.
name: Fontaine, C.
name: Haumesser, P.-H.
name: Jourdan, J.
name: Muñoz, D.
name: Godard, M.
name: Darnon, M.
name: Despeisse, M.
name: Nicolay, S.
name: Ballif, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Low Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 228-232
description: For the current PV production about 2000 tons of silver are consumed per year. This is already 10% of the entire world annual silver supply. The PV production is expected to grow significantly in the next decades in order to enable the energy transition to 100% renewables. Annual production volumes in the terawatt range are predicted already for 2030 and this may lead to higher silver price and put more pressure on the industry to replace silver by copper. With the currently available processes the cost advantage of copper plating over screen printing is relatively small and the implementation of plating in production is slowed down by the high up-front investment for equipment. The highest cost share of the process sequence has the patterning and research activities focus on new, i.e. more cost competitive patterning techniques. Within the Ameliz project several approaches are investigated: firstly, patterning by printing a metal seed grid with a dielectric layer as plating mask and secondly masking by a monolayer of self-assembling molecules. These molecules consist of a phosphonic acid group and a hydrocarbon chain. They are bonded to the ITO surface and form a monolayer of well-ordered, densely packed hydrophobic chains, which protects the ITO surface against plating solutions. Furthermore, methods for selective formation of a copper seed layer by electrografting and for improved adhesion by ITO reduction are being investigated.
Interview with Dan Labby, M.D.
Creators: name: Oregon Medical Association
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Labby, Daniel H., 1914-2015
Yellow Fever Vaccine
World War II
Practice, Psychological
Ethics
Faculty
Physician-Patient Relations
Oregon--Portland

description: Daniel Labby, M.D., was a distinguished physician and educator who began his tenure at the University of Oregon Medical School (UOMS) faculty in 1947, following his graduation in 1939. He played a pivotal role in founding OHSU's Center for Ethics in Health Care and its Senior Clinician Seminars. In this interview, Labby reflects on his medical school experiences in the late 1930s, the impact of World War II on his education, and the evolution of medical education in the post-war era. He also addresses topics such as physician-patient relations, medical ethics, mentors' influence, and psychiatry's development.
Cadboro Bay United Church [Project: 091-02-67]
Creators: name: Hodgson, Alan J. (Alan James)
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Church architecture
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/860550
subject: Architects
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/813114
subject: Architecture, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/813842
subject: Architecture
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/813346
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Church buildings
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/860599
subject: Cadboro Bay United Church (Saanich, B.C.)
subject: Modern movement (Architecture)
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1024437

description: Project material consists of one large folder of architectural drawings; and additional textual records pertaining to a church addition for Cadboro Bay United Church, located at 2625 Arbutus Road in Saanich, B.C. Cadboro Bay United Church has since been renamed Broad View United Church. Included are site plans; floor plans; landscaping plans; foundation plans; roof plans; elevations; detail drawings; section drawings; HVAC plans; electrical plans; colour and finish plans; perspective drawings; general conditions; specifications; and other material produced at various stages of the design process.
A Roadmap towards 24%-Efficiency PERC Cells Based on Screen Printing for Mass Production
Creators: name: Zhang, X.
name: Liu, W.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Chen, S.
name: Xu, G.
name: Hu, Y.Y.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Chen, D.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Altermatt, P.P.
name: Verlinden, P.J.
name: Feng, Z.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 233-237
description: We investigate a commercially feasible roadmap towards 24% efficient PERC cells in mass production based on low cost screen printing and tube diffusion and passivation technology. We do this through (i) the fine-tuning of our process and device design, which resulted in 23.39% efficient PERC cells on Ga-doped CZ wafers, independently confirmed by ISFH CalTeC; and (ii) state-of-art device simulations, based on monitor wafers and finished cell measurements, to forecast changes in process and device design. We compare our results with the well-known PERC roadmap of Min et al. and discuss, in which details commercial production differs nowadays from the forecast of this well-known road map made 5 years ago. The differences are a better understanding of hydrogenation, an improved low-pressure phosphorus diffusion, and Ga-doped wafers. The improvements of these three features in mass production make it likely that, in contrast to the forecast five years ago, close to 24% efficiency may be obtained even without advanced printing techniques. This makes it likely that the standard PERC cells keeps in mainstream for another about 3 years before passivating contacts take over.
Process Influences during Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition of Passivating Si-Based Doping Glasses for PERT Solar Cell Concepts
Creators: name: Geml, F.
name: Engelhardt, J.
name: Gapp, B.
name: Reinalter, L.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2020
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Low Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 37th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 214-217
description: PERT (Passivated Emitter, Rear Totally diffused) solar cells based on n-type crystalline Si are influencing the commercial solar cell market. Due to a highly competitive market, a low-cost production is favorable. Atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition tools provide a feasible process with high throughput, low production as well as low upkeep costs. Furthermore, the deposition of single-sided doped glass layers enables the possibility of a cost-efficient co-diffusion step. Based on diborane, phosphine and oxygen as precursor gases, borosilicate glass (BSG) and phosphorus silicate glass (PSG) layers are deposited, reaching high surface passivation quality after diffusion. In this contribution, we show the influences of an atmospheric treatment in combination with a capping layer on BSG and PSG, respectively. Emitters diffused from such glasses can be used to produce high-efficiency low-cost PERT solar cells.
Algebraic Theory of Measurement Processes in Quantum Systems
Creators: name: de Melo, C. A. M.
name: Pimentel, B. M.
name: Ramirez, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we deal in a pedagogical way with an approach to construct an algebraic structure for the Quantum Mechanical measurement processes from the concept of \emph{Measurement Symbol}. Such concept was conceived by Julian S. Schwinger and constitutes a fundamental piece in his variational formalism and its several applications.
description: Written in Portuguese. Preprint version of the published paper
Letter from Barbara Hepworth to Herbert Read, Sunday, June 28, [1959?]
Creators: name: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Artists--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817571
subject: Women artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1177159
subject: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1898202
subject: Art historians
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815554
subject: Artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817559
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Art movements
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815613
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Read, Herbert, 1893-1968
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1754386

description: Part of a collection of letters to Sir Herbert Read from Dame Barbara Hepworth (English artist and sculptor and, along with Read, a member of the modern art movement Unit One founded by Paul Nash), that span the time period of 1940 to 1965 and discuss their artistic and literary endeavors, philosophical and political views, and personal lives. Hepworth asks Read to write a foreword for her exhibition catalogue.