Archaeological Investigations in 2007 and 2008 at the Mission and Mission Garden Loci of the Clearwater Site, AZ BB:13:6 (ASM), and the Santa Cruz River Westside Canals, AZ BB:13:481 (ASM), Tucson, Pima County, Arizona
Creators: name: Fernandez, Rachel
Publisher: name: Desert Archaeology, Inc.
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Arizona (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/335/arizona-state-territory
subject: Tucson Basin
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2758/tucson-basin
subject: Pima (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/7353/pima-county
subject: Tucson, AZ
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76651/tucson-az
subject: Paleoindian Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/7695/paleoindian-period
subject: Spanish Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/4082/spanish-period
subject: Early Ceramic period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5978/early-ceramic-period
subject: Classic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/125/classic-period
subject: Mexican Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5981/mexican-period
subject: American Territorial Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/7709/american-territorial-period
subject: Early Agricultural period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/158/early-agricultural-period
subject: Archaic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5726/archaic-period
subject: Sedentary Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5504/sedentary-period
subject: Protohistoric Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/161/protohistoric-period
subject: Hohokam Sequence
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/7715/hohokam-sequence
subject: Cienaga phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/196/cienaga-phase
subject: American Statehood Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/7716/american-statehood-period
subject: PaleoIndian
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/4/paleoindian
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Huhugam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8166/huhugam
subject: Archaic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8/archaic
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: Clearwater Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/100543/clearwater-site
subject: Santa Cruz River Westside Canals
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104790/santa-cruz-river-westside-canals
subject: AZ BB:13:6 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/83477/az-bb136-asm
subject: AZ BB:13:481 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/104791/az-bb13481-asm
subject: Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/301/funerary-and-burial-structures-or-features
subject: Canid Burial
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/3247/canid-burial
subject: Isolated Burial
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/305/isolated-burial
subject: Inhumation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/947/inhumation
subject: Foundation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1142/foundation
subject: Crematorium
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/2104/crematorium
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Settlements
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/252/settlements
subject: Hamlet / Village
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/254/hamlet-village
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Extramural Surface
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/2112/extramural-surface
subject: Pit House / Earth Lodge
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/263/pit-house-earth-lodge
subject: Privy Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/3591/privy-pit
subject: Rock Concentration
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1291/rock-concentration
subject: Well
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/527/well
subject: Canal or Canal Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/275/canal-or-canal-feature
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Fence
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/342/fence
subject: Hearth
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/343/hearth
subject: Pond
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/3354/pond
subject: Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/347/midden
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/357/roasting-pit-oven-horno
subject: Post Hole / Post Mold
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/359/post-hole-post-mold
subject: Trash Concentration
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1831/trash-concentration
subject: Rock Alignment
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/360/rock-alignment
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Fire Cracked Rock
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/5/fire-cracked-rock
subject: Glass
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/6/glass
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Metal
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/11/metal
subject: Radiocarbon Dating
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135975/radiocarbon-dating
subject: Artifact Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/3318/artifact-analysis
subject: Pollen Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/3351/pollen-analysis
subject: Historic Background Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/18/historic-background-research
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan

description: Desert Archaeology, Inc., personnel conducted archaeological fieldwork for the City of Tucson at the Mission and Mission Garden loci of the Clearwater site, AZ BB:13:6 (ASM), and the Santa Cruz River Westside Canal site, AZ BB:13:481 (ASM), in March through July 2007, and September through October 2008. The work was conducted to mitigate the effects of the planned construction of the Mission of San Agustín, Ancestral Village, Carrillo House, and Mission Garden components of the Tucson Origins Heritage Park. As of June 2015, only the Mission Garden component was constructed. The project was funded by the City of Tucson as part of the Rio Nuevo redevelopment project. In all, 461 archaeological features were documented at the Clearwater site, and 21 canal segments from the Santa Cruz River Westside Canal site were studied. These features date from the time span between the Silverbell Interval of the Early Agricultural period (circa 2100 B.C.) into the American Statehood period, ending at about A.D. 1960. The features located included prehistoric pit structures, roasting pits, and small pits used for various purposes. Mission-era features included foundations of the Mission Garden walls and several middens. American Territorial period features were also found and included a brick-lined well and several outhouse pits. A number of prehistoric and protohistoric mortuary features were also located. These were excavated, and the remains and associated artifacts were repatriated to the Tohono O'Odham Nation. Analyses presented in this report used the features, recovered artifacts, plant materials, and faunal bone to examine three research issues — the changing riverine oasis, oasis communities, and community diversity.