cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Protecting a quantum state from environmental noise by an incompatible finite-time measurement
Creators: name: Brasil, Carlos Alexandre
name: de Castro, Leonardo Andreta
name: Napolitano, Reginaldo de Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that measurements of finite duration performed on an open two-state system can protect the initial state from a phase-noisy environment, provided the measured observable does not commute with the perturbing interaction. When the measured observable commutes with the environmental interaction, the finite-duration measurement accelerates the rate of decoherence induced by the phase noise. For the description of the measurement of an observable that is incompatible with the interaction between system and environment, we have found an approximate analytical expression, valid at zero temperature and weak coupling with the measuring device. We have tested the validity of the analytical predictions against an exact numerical approach, based on the superoperator-splitting method, that confirms the protection of the initial state of the system. When the coupling between the system and the measuring apparatus increases beyond the range of validity of the analytical approximation, the initial state is still protected by the finite-time measurement, according with the exact numerical calculations.
description: REVISED VERSION: 37 pages, 3 figures
Resolving the L/T transition binary SDSS J2052-1609 AB
Creators: name: Stumpf, M. B.
name: Geißler, K.
name: Bouy, H.
name: Brandner, W.
name: Goldman, B.
name: Henning, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binaries provide empirical key constraints for star formation theories, like the overall binary fraction, mass ratio distribution and the separation distribution. They play a crucial role to calibrate the output of theoretical models, like absolute magnitudes, colors and effective temperature depending on mass, metallicity and age. We present first results of our on-going high-resolution imaging survey of late type brown dwarfs. The survey aims at resolving tight brown dwarf binary systems to better constrain the T dwarf binary fraction. We intent to follow-up the individual binaries to determine orbital parameters. Using NACO at the VLT we performed AO-assisted near-infrared observations of SDSS J2052-1609. High-spatial resolution images of the T1 dwarf were obtained in H and Ks filters. We resolved SDSS J2052-1609 into a binary system with a separation of 0.101" \pm 0.001". Archival data from HST/NICMOS taken one year previous to our observations proves the components to be co-moving. Using the flux ratio between the components we infer J, H and Ks magnitudes for the resolved system. From the near-IR colors we estimate spectral types of T1 +1 -4 and T2.5 \pm 1 for component A and B, respectively. A first estimate of the total system mass yields Mtot > 78 Mjup, assuming a circular orbit.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication by A&A
The Exoplanet Orbit Database
Creators: name: Wright, Jason T
name: Fakhouri, Onsi
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Han, Eunkyu
name: Feng, Ying
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Fischer, Debra A.
name: Valenti, Jeff A.
name: Anderson, Jay
name: Piskunov, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a database of well determined orbital parameters of exoplanets. This database comprises spectroscopic orbital elements measured for 427 planets orbiting 363 stars from radial velocity and transit measurements as reported in the literature. We have also compiled fundamental transit parameters, stellar parameters, and the method used for the planets discovery. This Exoplanet Orbit Database includes all planets with robust, well measured orbital parameters reported in peer-reviewed articles. The database is available in a searchable, filterable, and sortable form on the Web at http://exoplanets.org through the Exoplanets Data Explorer Table, and the data can be plotted and explored through the Exoplanets Data Explorer Plotter. We use the Data Explorer to generate publication-ready plots giving three examples of the signatures of exoplanet migration and dynamical evolution: We illustrate the character of the apparent correlation between mass and period in exoplanet orbits, the selection different biases between radial velocity and transit surveys, and that the multiplanet systems show a distinct semi-major axis distribution from apparently singleton systems.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures (5 color), preprint style. Accepted to PASP v.2: includes changes suggested by referee, including important and corrections and clarifications
Examining how pharyngeal taste input and internal physiological context influence feeding decisions in Drosophila
Creators: name: LeDue, Emily Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: To survive animals must find and consume nutritive foods. The chemical composition of food sources is evaluated using gustation. Because of its importance to survival, feeding behaviors are tightly regulated. Changes in feeding occur in response to the external environment and the animal’s internal physiological state. Expendable behaviours can be suppressed during starvation to prioritize feeding. This thesis examines the role of two factors in feeding decisions: the location of taste input and starvation. Pharyngeal sense organs in Drosophila are the last evaluation point before food is ingested. It was previously unclear whether they served a unique function in feeding. To investigate this, we focused on appetitive gustatory pharyngeal neurons and showed they express nine gustatory receptors which respond to sweet compounds. Mutants lacking peripheral taste have functional pharyngeal sense organs. In the absence of peripheral taste cues, the pharyngeal sense organs can drive the choice and ingestion of sweet compounds by sustaining consumption. Knocking down pharyngeal neurons in these mutants allowed us to examine a sweet-blind fly in a short term feeding assay. Putatively sweet-blind flies do not show a preference for sweet compounds in a short-term feeding assay, suggesting that nutrient sensing is not operating in this context. Starved flies have an increased tolerance for bitter foods, which is mediated by sensitization and desensitization of sweet and bitter taste, respectively. Mechanisms that cause the sensitization of sweet taste have been studied, but those that underlie desensitization of bitter taste were unknown. We identify a pair of octopaminergic/tyraminergic modulatory neurons called the ventrolateral cluster of octopaminergic neurons (OA-VLs). Because OA-VLs exist in close physical proximity to bitter neuron axon terminals but are not postsynaptic to them, we examined their function as modulators of bitter neuron output. Tonic firing rate of OA-VLs decreases as a function of starvation. Octopamine and tyramine are sufficient to potentiate bitter neuron response in starved flies, suggesting that reduction in OA-VL activity during starvation depotentiates bitter neuron output. Silencing OA-VLs causes a reduction in bitter neuron output and increased acceptance of bitter compounds. OA-VLs may act directly on bitter sensory neurons through the Oct-Tyr receptor.
Additional file 2 of A comparison of demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospital influenza-related viral pneumonia patients
Creators: name: Fu, Bin
name: Wu, Zhengjie
name: Huang, Lingtong
name: Chai, Zhaohui
name: Zheng, Peidong
name: Sun, Qinmiao
name: Gu, Silan
name: Xu, Qiaomai
name: Feng, Haiting
name: Tang, Lingling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Table S1: Univariate Analysis of Factors Associated with Invasive Mechanical Ventilation due to Three Types Hospitalized Influenza-related Viral Pneumonia Patients.
Avian Ecosystem Services and Disservices Within a Mixed Landscape of Intensive Agriculture and Grassland
Creators: name: Garfinkel, Megan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Much of the Midwest region of the United States is farmed intensively for corn and soybeans. Grasslands and prairies, once abundant in this landscape, are now found in small patches embedded within the agricultural matrix. These grasslands provide habitat for populations of birds, which forage both in natural and nearby cultivated habitats. Birds provide ecosystem services in this system by consuming herbivorous pest arthropods, or disservices by consuming beneficial predatory arthropods that would otherwise consume pests. I conducted a series of experimental and observational studies to examine the pest control services and disservices provided by birds within this study system. First, I conducted exclosure experiments using cages to exclude birds from corn and soybean crops adjacent to a prairie. I found that birds provided significant net services in corn, but significant net disserves in the adjacent soybean crops. The next year, I again conducted exclosure experiments in soybeans, and measured the effect of birds on both leaf damage by pests and soybean grain yield. I found that exclosure plots had lower levels of leaf damage by pests than control plots, but there was no resulting effect on crop yield. I also found that sites with higher bird species richness had lower levels of leaf damage by pests. Finally, I further examined the diets of grassland/soybean field bird communities via DNA barcoding. I compared the diets of different bird species and birds captured at different sites. I found that the bird community consumed a wide variety of prey species, and that diets differed by both bird species and capture site. I also found that birds consumed more herbivorous than predatory arthropods. My findings suggest that birds responded opportunistically to prey availability, and are likely able to respond quickly to pest outbreaks. The combined results of this dissertation suggest that birds have the potential to provide surprisingly large economic effects within an intensively farmed corn and soybean landscape. Grassland and prairie habitat near farmland provides a source population of birds that provide these top-down trophic interactions. Furthermore, birds provide services beyond those provided by beneficial arthropod natural enemies, while disservices are limited.
On the Perturbative Stability of Quantum Field Theories in de Sitter Space
Creators: name: Boyanovsky, Daniel
name: Holman, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a field theoretic generalization of the Wigner-Weisskopf method to study the stability of the Bunch-Davies vacuum state for a massless, conformally coupled interacting test field in de Sitter space. We find that in $λϕ^4$ theory the vacuum does {\em not} decay, while in non-conformally invariant models, the vacuum decays as a consequence of a vacuum wave function renormalization that depends \emph{singularly} on (conformal) time and is proportional to the spatial volume. In a particular regularization scheme the vacuum wave function renormalization is the same as in Minkowski spacetime, but in terms of the \emph{physical volume}, which leads to an interpretation of the decay. A simple example of the impact of vacuum decay upon a non-gaussian correlation is discussed. Single particle excitations also decay into two particle states, leading to particle production that hastens the exiting of modes from the de Sitter horizon resulting in the production of \emph{entangled superhorizon pairs} with a population consistent with unitary evolution. We find a non-perturbative, self-consistent "screening" mechanism that shuts off vacuum decay asymptotically, leading to a stationary vacuum state in a manner not unlike the approach to a fixed point in the space of states.
description: 36 pages, 4 figures. Version to appear in JHEP, more explanations
Phosphoproteome analysis of the near-haploid cell line HAP1 reveals phosphorylation events originating from PDZ-binding kinase/T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase (PBK/TOPK)
Creators: name: Albony, Hasan
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 570 Life science

description: PBK is a serine/threonine kinase. During mitosis, PBK phosphorylates the inter-zinc finger linker sequence (TGEKP) of hundreds of C2H2 zinc finger proteins and liberates these transcription factors from the condensing chromatin. This study aimed to investigate PBK-dependent phosphorylation events by analyzing the phosphoproteome of both wild and PBK knockout HAP1 cells. The analysis identified candidates belong to DNA- and RNA binding proteins (ADNP and FUBP1) or dynamic regulators of cell organelles (MARCKS and PGRMC1).
Many-Body Rate Limit on Photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Mackie, Matt
name: Phou, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly report on zero-temperature photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate, focusing on the many-body rate limit for atom-molecule conversion. An upgraded model that explicitly includes spontaneous radiative decay leads to an unanticipated shift in the position of the photoassociation resonance, which affects whether the rate (constant) maximizes or saturates, as well as the limiting value itself. A simple analytical model agrees with numerical experiments, but only for high density. Finally, an explicit comparison with the two-body unitary limit, set by the size of the condensate, finds that the many-body rate limit is generally more strict.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 59 references. v2: discussion added; to appear in PRA
Additional file 3 of A comparison of demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospital influenza-related viral pneumonia patients
Creators: name: Fu, Bin
name: Wu, Zhengjie
name: Huang, Lingtong
name: Chai, Zhaohui
name: Zheng, Peidong
name: Sun, Qinmiao
name: Gu, Silan
name: Xu, Qiaomai
name: Feng, Haiting
name: Tang, Lingling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Table S2: Univariate Analysis of Factors Associated with Death due to Three Types Hospitalized Influenza-related Viral Pneumonia Patients.
Genomics of Pain in Sickle Cell Disease
Creators: name: Nilanjana Sadhu
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder characterized by debilitating episodes of acute pain along with lifelong chronic pain. Pain is not only the major reason for high healthcare costs and poor quality of life but has also been reported as a predictor of mortality among SCD patients. Yet pain management in SCD remains a challenging task owing to the high inter-individual variability in the manifestation of pain. Research in the field of pain genetics, including some of our preliminary work, suggests that pain variability can be explained, to some extent, by genetic factors such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). However, comprehensive candidate gene studies and polygenic modeling of the different SCD pain phenotypes are still largely missing. In this dissertation, I investigated the role of numerous SNPs in acute and chronic pain variability in SCD. First, I examined the effect of SNPs in four candidate genes: phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT), serotonin 1A receptor (HTR1A), dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), and S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B). DBH SNPs associated with both acute and chronic pain, PNMT and HTR1A SNPs associated with acute pain only, and S100B SNPs associated with chronic pain only. Several SNPs exhibited sex-specific associations. Functional analyses revealed that some SNPs may be altering tissue-specific gene expression, and/or potentially interfering with transcription factor binding. Pain being a complex phenotype, I also performed polygenic analyses by applying machine-learning and statistical methods to capture the collective effect of SNPs across several interacting genes on the chronic pain variability in SCD. Using a network-assisted analysis approach, I built a 12-SNP polygenic model for prediction of chronic pain severity among SCD patients. I also evaluated the contribution of SNPs in different nervous-system signaling pathways using pathway-based analysis. I found that SNPs in monoamine signaling genes accounted for ~ 30% of the variability in chronic pain. Findings from this research not only expand our understanding of the genetic factors involved in modulating pain in SCD, but also offer a platform for the development of polygenic pain prediction models for a more comprehensive and personalized approach towards pain diagnosis, classification, and management.
Practical Quantum Coin Flipping
Creators: name: Pappa, Anna
name: Chailloux, André
name: Diamanti, Eleni
name: Kerenidis, Iordanis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we show for the first time that quantum coin flipping with security guarantees that are strictly better than any classical protocol is possible to implement with current technology. Our protocol takes into account all aspects of an experimental implementation like losses, multi-photon pulses emitted by practical photon sources, channel noise, detector dark counts and finite quantum efficiency. We calculate the abort probability when both players are honest, as well as the probability of one player forcing his desired outcome. For channel length up to 21 km, we achieve a cheating probability that is better than in any classical protocol. Our protocol is easy to implement using attenuated laser pulses, with no need for entangled photons or any other specific resources.
description: v2, 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 4 of A comparison of demographic, epidemiological and clinical characteristics of hospital influenza-related viral pneumonia patients
Creators: name: Fu, Bin
name: Wu, Zhengjie
name: Huang, Lingtong
name: Chai, Zhaohui
name: Zheng, Peidong
name: Sun, Qinmiao
name: Gu, Silan
name: Xu, Qiaomai
name: Feng, Haiting
name: Tang, Lingling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Table S3: Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated with Invasive Mechanical Ventilation due to Three Types of Hospital Influenza-related Viral Pneumonia Patients.
Linear amplification and quantum cloning for non-Gaussian continuous variables
Creators: name: Nha, Hyunchul
name: Milburn, G. J.
name: Carmichael, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate phase-insensitive linear amplification at the quantum limit for single- and two-mode states and show that there exists a broad class of non-Gaussian states whose nonclassicality survives even at an arbitrarily large gain. We identify the corresponding observable nonclassical effects and find that they include, remarkably, two-mode entanglement. The implications of our results for quantum cloning outside the Gaussian regime are also addressed.
description: published version with reference update
Palm Theory, Mass Transports and Ergodic Theory for Group-Stationary Processes
Creators: name: Gentner, Daniel Sebastian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2011
Subjects: Palm Theory
Mass-Transport Principle
Random measures
Ergodic Theory
Stochastic Geometry
Cox Delauney mosaic
random partitions
manifolds

description: This thesis is about random measures stationary with respect to a possibly non-transitive group action. It contains chapters on Palm Theory, the Mass-Transport Principle and Ergodic Theory for such random measures. The thesis ends with a discussion of several new models in Stochastic Geometry (Cox Delauney mosaics, isometry stationary random partitions on Riemannian manifolds).
LRET Imaging Improvement with Cell-permeable, Multi-fluorophore Protein Labels
Creators: name: Hoseinisoflaee, Mona
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Genetically encoded biosensors based on Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) are used to microscopically visualize dynamic changes in protein interactions and activities within living cells. However, the spectral overlap between fluorescent protein (FP) donors and acceptors makes it challenging to accurately quantify changes in FRET signals, and multi-color imaging of two or more FP FRET pairs in a single cell is extremely difficult. Lanthanide-based FRET (LRET) biosensors incorporate luminescent Tb3+ or Eu3+ complexes with ms-scale excited-state lifetimes and multiple narrow-line emission bands as donors and FPs (or other conventional fluorophores) as acceptors. Time-gated microscopy uses pulsed excitation and delayed detection to eliminate the ns-scale fluorescence background and cleanly detect Ln(III)-sensitized FP emission. To increase LRET signals and achieve faster and more sensitive imaging, I have sought to develop biosensors that combine multiple Ln(III) donors with a single fluorescent acceptor. Due to a mismatch in emission lifetimes, multiple excited donors can sequentially transfer energy to a single nearby acceptor, thereby generating several photons following a single excitation pulse. Numerous studies have demonstrated that cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) facilitate direct translocation of small molecules from culture medium into the cytoplasm. This dissertation includes the results of efforts to design and prepare small molecule protein labels that are linked to multiple lanthanide complexes and CPPs as part of a strategy to improve the cellular uptake of bright LRET biosensors. Although the mechanism of cellular entry is under debate, there is clear evidence that shows that small molecules linked to CPPs can translocate directly into the cytoplasm from culture medium in a non-endocytic manner while macromolecules enter cells via endocytosis. The extent to which CPP-linked cargo enters via an endocytic or non-endocytic pathway depends on several factors including cargo size, temperature, concentration, and plasma membrane lipid composition. In this dissertation, I present the results of efforts to design and characterize lanthanide probes that are comprised of multiple Tb3+ or Eu3+ complexes that are conjugated to CPPs. I show that a probe bearing two Tb3+ complexes effectively doubled the sensitized emission intensity relative to equivalent single-luminenophore probes. By adjusting cell-loading temperature and culture medium composition, I successfully delivered dual-Tb3+ probes into the cytoplasm and selectively labeled recombinantly expressed fusion proteins, thereby demonstrating proof-of-concept of my overall LRET signal-enhancement strategy. In the final chapter, I present new LRET probe designs including a Tb3+ complex linked to tris-nitrilotriacetate for labeling histidine-tagged proteins and a Eu3+ protein label.
Polarization of prompt J/psi in pp -> J/psi+X at sqrt{s}=200 GeV
Creators: name: Chung, Hee Sok
name: Kim, Seyong
name: Lee, Jungil
name: Yu, Chaehyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of the nonrelativistic QCD factorization approach, we compute the cross section and polarization of prompt J/psi produced from proton-proton collisions at the center-of-momentum energy sqrt{s}=200 GeV. We present the transverse-momentum distribution in the forward-rapidity region 1.2 < |y| < 2.2 and the rapidity distribution over the transverse-momentum range 2 GeV < p_T < 20 GeV. The perturbative contributions are computed at leading order in the strong coupling constant. We predict slight transverse polarization of J/psi in the forward-rapidity region, while that for the mid-rapidity region is slightly longitudinal. The transverse-momentum distribution agrees well with the PHENIX preliminary data and the color-singlet-model prediction at next-to-leading order in alpha_s, but disagrees with the result from the leading-order color-singlet model or the s-channel-cut method.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, minor corrections, version published in Phys. Rev. D
Applications of LA-ICP-MS analysis to zircon : assessing downhole fractionation and pre-treatment effects for U-Pb geochronology and trace element variations in accessory minerals from the Bushveld Complex
Creators: name: Ver Hoeve, Thomas James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Zircon and other U-Th-Pb-bearing minerals are now recognized as key geochemical and geochronological tracers of the evolution of late-stage fractionated interstitial melt in mafic layered intrusions. Two separate, yet complementary, applications of laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) on zircon from layered intrusions are presented with the goals of advancing the analytical capabilities of LA-ICP-MS and showcasing the powerful geochemical fingerprinting of zircon. The effects of downhole fractionation, the time-dependent evolution of Pb-U ratios during laser ablation, represents a significant limitation on the accuracy of U-Th-Pb zircon geochronology by LA-ICP-MS. Exponential downhole correction models developed from the analyses of three common zircon reference materials (Plešovice, Temora-2, 91500) and applied to low-U zircon from Precambrian mafic intrusions (Laramie, Bushveld, Stillwater) indicate that successful correction requires careful matrix-matching the reference zircon to the unknowns. Pre-treatment protocols, including annealing and leaching, applied to all analyzed zircon produces strong effects on downhole fractionation with correlative impact on the relative accuracy of the calculated ages as a function of the downhole behaviour in the reference material used. In the Paleoproterozoic Bushveld Complex, the world’s largest layered intrusion, the trace element systematics of zircon provide temperature-composition constraints on the near-solidus crystallization of mafic-ultramafic cumulates and overlying granitic rocks. Zircon occurs with other late-stage interstitial minerals (e.g., quartz, biotite, Na-plagioclase) and crystallized at temperatures ranging from 950°C down to 690°C based on Ti-in-zircon thermometry. Forward modeling using rhyolite-MELTS of proposed Bushveld parental magmas yields similar zircon saturation temperatures from melts of intermediate-silicic composition, representing less than ~15% remaining melt, and reproduces the observed mineral assemblages. Anomalously high and variable Th/U in zircon from the Critical Zone (e.g., UG2 chromitite, Merensky Reef) reflects U loss to late, oxidized Cl-rich fluids that exsolved from the fractionated interstitial melt, a process that may be a characteristic feature of large open-system layered intrusions (e.g., Neoarchean Stillwater Complex). The presence of late-stage interstitial zircon and other accessory minerals in layered intrusions provides new in situ geochemical and geochronological tools for evaluating the origin and evolution of mafic-ultramafic magmatism in the Earth’s crust throughout geological time.
Extremal black holes, Holography & Coarse graining
Creators: name: Simon, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review some of the concepts at the crossroads of gravitational thermodynamics, holography and quantum mechanics. First, the origin of gravitational thermodynamics due to coarse graining of quantum information is exemplified using the half-BPS sector of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM and its LLM description in type IIB supergravity. The notion of black holes as effective geometries, its relation to the fuzzball programme and some of the puzzles raising for large black holes are discussed. Second, I review recent progress for extremal black holes, both microscopically, discussing a constituent model for stationary extremal non-bps black holes, and semiclassically, discussing the extremal black hole/CFT conjecture. The latter is examined from the AdS${}_3$/CFT${}_2$ perspective. Third, I review the importance of the holographic principle to encode non-local gravity features allowing us to relate the gravitational physics of local observers with thermodynamics and the role causality plays in these arguments by identifying horizons (screens) as diathermic walls. I speculate with the emergence of an approximate CFT in the deep IR close to any horizon and its relation with an effective dynamical description of the degrees of freedom living on these holographic screens.
description: 68 pages, 6 figures, invited review published in International Journal of Modern Physics A; v2 contains further references and extra comments on rotating extremal multi-center black hole configurations
Enabling Retrospective Management of Data in the Cloud
Creators: name: Khan, Mohammad Taha
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Online cloud storage is a convenient and affordable way to store data over long periods. Today, millions of Internet users who have adopted cloud storage have accumulated years of information across thousands of files. The data stored is diverse, ranging from old photo-albums to old tax returns. As the social and personal contexts around this data continue to evolve, some of it loses its value and relevance over time. Even worse, some may contain sensitive information that puts users at risk. With the increasing prevalence of cyber crimes and data breaches, the decision to retain certain information online should be re-evaluated over time. Unfortunately, due to the scale of data, manual management of the cloud is infeasible, and there is a need for smart tools that allow users to achieve their desired management in an effective manner. In this thesis, we present a comprehensive oversight into the problem. Through an exploratory study, we investigate the need for remediations for retrospective data management. Our results demonstrate a clear desire among users to manage files and the inability to do so due to the lack of practical tools. We then conduct a second study in which we carry out qualitative interviews to understand the kinds of management users intend. Finally, we incorporate the learned insights into the design of a learning-based tool (Aletheia). We predict users desired management decisions with an accuracy of 79%. Aletheia’s performance validates a human-centric approach to developing management for files in the cloud. It also improves upon state of the art in minimizing the attack surface of cloud accounts.
Holographic metals and the fractionalized Fermi liquid
Creators: name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there is a close correspondence between the physical properties of holographic metals near charged black holes in anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, and the fractionalized Fermi liquid phase of the lattice Anderson model. The latter phase has a "small" Fermi surface of conduction electrons, along with a spin liquid of local moments. This correspondence implies that certain mean-field gapless spin liquids are states of matter at non-zero density realizing the near-horizon, AdS_2 x R^2 physics of Reissner-Nordstrom black holes.
description: 4 pages; (v2+v3) Clarifications, corrected typos, and new refs
Numerical methods of localization of Wannier functions in modeling of Photonic Crystals
Creators: name: Bulovyatova, Tatiana
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wannier functions
photonic crystals
spread functional
Bloch waves
Maxwell equations

description: This work presents an introduction into the theory of Wannier functions applied to Photonic Crystals. Different numerical methods of localization of Wannier functions based on minimization of the spread functional are considered and implemented. A new method of sum-unitary transform of the WF basis is presented.
From feasts to Facebook and back again : technology, media, and belonging among urban Nisga'a and Tsimshian youth
Creators: name: Wolowic, Jennifer Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: For urban Tsimshian and Nisga’a youth in Prince Rupert, cell phones, cameras and Facebook are among the latest tools used to connect with families and friends across geographical distance as well as address the historical, cultural, and economic gaps created by processes of displacement. Traditional Northwest Coast First Nations’ social practices and feasts are expressed in intensely public ways; that visibility construct and maintain their social relationships and communities. Although the youth I met sometimes feel alienated from larger Canadian society as well as from village communities and feast protocols, traditional ideas of public participation embedded in social activities are sometimes successfully remediated to digital technology and Facebook for two reasons. First, public presentation and dissemination have effectively stabilized Northwest Coast First Nations’ societies across vast geographical distances for centuries. Second, the continued emphasis on public expression is part of new, creative ways the youth and families I met use mobile digital technology to create an active, somewhat de-localized, community-based support system. It is a response to colonization that creates opportunities to find and manage economic, emotional, and social support. As one result, I argue digital technology and media have become part of a succession of technological practices and tools used to create community, identity, and social stability for young people. By exploring historical practices as they relate to digital technology—some of which was introduced via photography and media production during the course of this research—I explore traditional and emergent modes of public participation that connects youth to their heritage and community, while addressing their unique needs.
$B \to π\ell ν_l$ Width and $|V_{ub}|$ from QCD Light-Cone Sum Rules
Creators: name: Khodjamirian, A.
name: Mannel, Th.
name: Offen, N.
name: Wang, Y. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ the $B\toπ$ form factors obtained from QCD light-cone sum rules and calculate the $B\to π\ell ν_l$ width ($\ell=e,μ$) in units of $1/|V_{ub}|^2$, integrated over the region of accessible momentum transfers, $0\leq q^2\leq 12.0 ~GeV^2$. Using the most recent BABAR-collaboration measurements we extract $|V_{ub}|=(3.50^{+0.38}_{-0.33}\big|_{th.}\pm 0.11 \big|_{exp.})\times 10^{-3}$. The sum rule results for the form factors, taken as an input for a $z$-series parameterization, yield the $q^2$-shape in the whole semileptonic region of $B\to π\ellν_\ell$. We also present the charged lepton energy spectrum in this decay. Furthermore, the current situation with $B\to τν_τ$ is discussed from the QCD point of view. We suggest to use the ratio of the $B\to πτν_τ$ and $B\to π\ell ν_l ~(\ell =μ,e) $ widths as an additional test of Standard Model. The sensitivity of this observable to new physics is illustrated by including a charged Higgs-boson contribution in the semileptonic decay amplitude.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures; comments added in section 4, version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Evidence for t\bar{t}γProduction and Measurement of σ_t\bar{t}γ/ σ_t\bar{t}
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
name: Aaltonen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data corresponding to 6.0/fb of ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV collected by the CDF II detector, we present a cross section measurement of top-quark pair production with an additional radiated photon. The events are selected by looking for a lepton, a photon, significant transverse momentum imbalance, large total transverse energy, and three or more jets, with at least one identified as containing a b quark. The ttbar+photon sample requires the photon to have 10 GeV or more of transverse energy, and to be in the central region. Using an event selection optimized for the ttbar+photon candidate sample we measure the production cross section of, and the ratio of cross sections of the two samples. Control samples in the dilepton+photon and lepton+photon+$\met$, channels are constructed to aid in decay product identification and background measurements. We observe 30 ttbar+photon candidate events compared to the standard model expectation of 26.9 +/- 3.4 events. We measure the ttbar+photon cross section to be 0.18+0.08 pb, and the ratio of the cross section of ttbar+photon to ttbar to be 0.024 +/- 0.009. Assuming no ttbar+photon production, we observe a probability of 0.0015 of the background events alone producing 30 events or more, corresponding to 3.0 standard deviations.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Воспроизводительные качества свиноматок в условиях промышленного комплекса
Creators: name: Зеленина О.В.
name: Королева Е.В.
name: Тараканова Н.С.
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2021
Subjects: свиноматки
воспроизводительные качества
масса и сохранность поросят
sows
reproductive qualities
mass and safety of piglets

description: Результаты исследования показали, что многоплодие свиноматок увеличивается до шестого-седьмого опоросов, живая масса одного поросенка при рождении – до пятого опороса. Приросты живой массы поросят не зависят от возраста свиноматок. Количество погибших поросят за подсосный период увеличивается после пятого опороса.
description: The article shows that the fertility of sows increases up to their sixth-seventh farrowing, while the body weight of one piglet at its birth goes up to the fifth farrowing. The body weight gain of piglets does not depend on the age of sows. The number of dead piglets during the suckling period increases after the sow’s fifth farrowing.
Additional file 1 of Viability of a MSQOL-54 general health-related quality of life score using bifactor model
Creators: name: Giordano, Andrea
name: Testa, Silvia
name: Bassi, Marta
name: Cilia, Sabina
name: Bertolotto, Antonio
name: Quartuccio, Maria Esmeralda
name: Pietrolongo, Erika
name: Falautano, Monica
name: Grobberio, Monica
name: Niccolai, Claudia
name: Allegri, Beatrice
name: Viterbo, Rosa Gemma
name: Confalonieri, Paolo
name: Giovannetti, Ambra Mara
name: Cocco, Eleonora
name: Grasso, Maria Grazia
name: Lugaresi, Alessandra
name: Ferriani, Elisa
name: Nocentini, Ugo
name: Zaffaroni, Mauro
name: De Livera, Alysha
name: Jelinek, George
name: Solari, Alessandra
name: Rosato, Rosalba
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary figure 1. Configuration of the confirmatory two second-order factors model including 12 first-order factors and two second-order factors. CF, cognitive function; EB, emotional wellbeing; EN, energy; HD, health distress; HP, health perceptions; HRQOL, health-related quality of life; PH, physical health; QOL, overall quality of life; RLEP, role limitations due to emotional problems; RLPP, role limitations due to physical problems; SeF, sexual function; SF, social function.
High Performance Computing for Stability Problems - Applications to Hydrodynamic Stability and Neutron Transport Criticality
Creators: name: Subramanian, Chandramowli
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2011
Subjects: hydrodynamic stability
neutron transport criticality
eigenvalue problem
pseudospectrum
high performance computing

description: In this work we examine two kinds of applications in terms of stability and perform numerical evaluations and benchmarks on parallel platforms. We consider the applicability
of pseudospectra in the field of hydrodynamic stability to obtain more information than a
traditional linear stability analysis can provide. Furthermore, we treat the neutron transport criticality problem and highlight the Davidson method as an attractive alternative to the so far widely used power method in that context.
Generalized metric formulation of double field theory
Creators: name: Hohm, Olaf
name: Hull, Chris
name: Zwiebach, Barton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized metric is a T-duality covariant symmetric matrix constructed from the metric and two-form gauge field and arises in generalized geometry. We view it here as a metric on the doubled spacetime and use it to give a simple formulation with manifest T-duality of the double field theory that describes the massless sector of closed strings. The gauge transformations are written in terms of a generalized Lie derivative whose commutator algebra is defined by a double field theory extension of the Courant bracket.
description: 36 pages, v2: minor corrections
Pure General Gauge Mediation for Early LHC Searches
Creators: name: Abel, Steven
name: Dolan, Matthew J.
name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Khoze, Valentin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present benchmark points for Pure General Gauge Mediation (GGM) models specifically optimised for early LHC searches. The pure GGM set-up is as defined in our previous paper arXiv:0910.2674: namely we adopt the minimal set-up in which B_mu is generated only through gauge interactions, and as a result tan beta is a prediction rather than an input. The only input parameters are messenger masses together with two independent scales which generate gaugino and scalar masses. The parameter space favoured by current experimental data includes an interesting region with light gluinos (m_g < 500 GeV and relatively heavy squarks) and a bino-like NLSP where early discovery is likely. We also find interesting regions of parameter space where the NLSP is a stau or stau/neutralino co-NLSP and the squark masses are relatively low. We present benchmark points which are typical for each of these three regions, and give the spectrum, branching ratios, and also the overall 2 -> 2 cross-sections. This data in SLHA format can be found at http://www.ippp.dur.ac.uk/~SUSY
description: 22 pages, 6 figures. Version 2: added discussion of Tevatron limits
Additional file 2 of Viability of a MSQOL-54 general health-related quality of life score using bifactor model
Creators: name: Giordano, Andrea
name: Testa, Silvia
name: Bassi, Marta
name: Cilia, Sabina
name: Bertolotto, Antonio
name: Quartuccio, Maria Esmeralda
name: Pietrolongo, Erika
name: Falautano, Monica
name: Grobberio, Monica
name: Niccolai, Claudia
name: Allegri, Beatrice
name: Viterbo, Rosa Gemma
name: Confalonieri, Paolo
name: Giovannetti, Ambra Mara
name: Cocco, Eleonora
name: Grasso, Maria Grazia
name: Lugaresi, Alessandra
name: Ferriani, Elisa
name: Nocentini, Ugo
name: Zaffaroni, Mauro
name: De Livera, Alysha
name: Jelinek, George
name: Solari, Alessandra
name: Rosato, Rosalba
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary figure 2. Configuration of the confirmatory single second-order factor model, including 12 first-order factors and one second-order factor. CF, cognitive function; EB, emotional wellbeing; EN, energy; HD, health distress; HP, health perceptions; HRQOL, health-related quality of life; PH, physical health; QOL, overall quality of life; RLEP, role limitations due to emotional problems; RLPP, role limitations due to physical problems; SeF, sexual function; SF, social function.
Bistabiles Magneto-Formgedächtnis-Mikroventil
Creators: name: Barth, Johannes
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Mikroventil
Mikroaktorik
Mikrofluidik
FGL
bistabil

description: Bistable actuators only consume energy during the switching process. This characteristic renders these kind of actuators extremely interesting for applications in the field of microfluidics. This work presents a novel principle of bistable actuation, which combines an antagonistic shape memory alloy (SMA) actuation mechanism with magnetostatic latching. A bistable microvalve, using this principle is demonstrated.