cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fast-Degradable Microbeads Encapsulating Human Umbilical Cord Stem Cells in Alginate for Muscle Tissue Engineering
Creators: name: Weir, Michael D.
name: Xu, Hockin H.K.
name: Zhou, Hongzhi
name: Trotman, Carroll Ann
name: Chen, Qianming
name: Liu, Jun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) are inexhaustible and can be obtained without an invasive surgery. To date, there has been no report on seeding hUCMSCs in three-dimensional scaffolds for muscle tissue engineering. The objectives of this study were to (1) investigate hUCMSC seeding in a scaffold for muscle engineering and (2) develop a novel construct consisting of hUCMSC-encapsulating and fast-degradable microbeads inside a hydrogel matrix. The rationale was that the hydrogel matrix would maintain the defect volume, while the microbeads would degrade to release the cells and concomitantly create macropores in the matrix. hUCMSCs were encapsulated in alginate-fibrin microbeads, which were packed in an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-modified alginate matrix (AM). This construct is referred to as hUCMSC-microbead-AM. The control consisted of the usual cell encapsulation in AM without microbeads (referred to as hUCMSC-AM). In the hUCMSC-AM construct, the hUCMSCs showed as round dots with no spreading at 1–14 days. In contrast, cells in the hUCMSC-microbead-AM construct had a healthy spreading and elongated morphology. The microbeads successfully degraded and released the cells at 8 days. Myogenic expressions for hUCMSC-microbead-AM were more than threefold those of hUCMSC-AM (p<0.05). Immunofluorescence for myogenic markers was much stronger for hUCMSC-microbead-AM than hUCMSC-AM. Muscle creatine kinase of hUCMSC-microbead-AM at 14 days was twofold that of hUCMSC-AM (p<0.05). In conclusion, hUCMSC encapsulation in novel fast-degradable microbeads inside a hydrogel matrix was investigated for muscle engineering. Compared to the usual method of seeding cells in a hydrogel matrix, hUCMSC-microbead-AM construct had greatly improved cell viability and myogenic differentiation, and hence, is promising to enhance muscle regeneration.
Burchnall-Chaundy polynomials and the Laurent phenomenon
Creators: name: Veselov, A. P.
name: Willox, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Burchnall-Chaundy polynomials $P_n(z)$ are determined by the differential recurrence relation $$P_{n+1}'(z)P_{n-1}(z)-P_{n+1}(z)P_{n-1}'(z)=P_n(z)^2$$ with $P_{-1}=P_0(z)=1.$ The fact that this recurrence relation has all solutions polynomial is not obvious and is similar to the integrality of Somos sequences and the Laurent phenomenon. We discuss this parallel in more detail and extend it to two difference equations $$Q_{n+1}(z+1)Q_{n-1}(z)-Q_{n+1}(z)Q_{n-1}(z+1)=Q_n(z)Q_n(z+1)$$ and $$R_{n+1}(z+1)R_{n-1}(z-1)-R_{n+1}(z-1)R_{n-1}(z+1)=R^2_n(z)$$ related to two different KdV-type reductions of the Hirota-Miwa and Dodgson octahedral equations. As a corollary we have a new form of the Burchnall-Chaundy polynomials in terms of the initial data $P_n(0)$, which is shown to be Laurent.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. Minor corrections
Titanium-Enriched Hydroxyapatite–Gelatin Scaffolds with Osteogenically Differentiated Progenitor Cell Aggregates for Calvaria Bone Regeneration
Creators: name: Ferreira, João R.
name: Padilla, Ricardo
name: Ko, Ching-Chang
name: Urkasemsin, Ganokon
name: Yoon, Kun
name: Hu, Wei-Shou
name: Goeckner, Kelly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Adequate bony support is the key to re-establish both function and esthetics in the craniofacial region. Autologous bone grafting has been the gold standard for regeneration of problematic large bone defects. However, poor graft availability and donor-site complications have led to alternative bone tissue-engineering approaches combining osteoinductive biomaterials and three-dimensional cell aggregates in scaffolds or constructs. The goal of the present study was to generate novel cell aggregate-loaded macroporous scaffolds combining the osteoinductive properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) with hydroxyapatite–gelatin nanocomposites (HAP-GEL) for regeneration of craniofacial defects. Here we investigated the in vivo applicability of macroporous (TiO2)-enriched HAP-GEL scaffolds with undifferentiated and osteogenically differentiated multipotent adult progenitor cell (MAPC and OD-MAPC, respectively) aggregates for calvaria bone regeneration. The silane-coated HAP-GEL with and without TiO2 additives were polymerized and molded to produce macroporous scaffolds. Aggregates of the rat MAPC were precultured, loaded into each scaffold, and implanted to rat calvaria critical-size defects to study bone regeneration. Bone autografts were used as positive controls and a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold for comparison purposes. Preimplanted scaffolds and calvaria bone from pig were tested for ultimate compressive strength with an Instron 4411® and for porosity with microcomputerized tomography (μCT). Osteointegration and newly formed bone (NFB) were assessed by μCT and nondecalcified histology, and quantified by calcium fluorescence labeling. Results showed that the macroporous TiO2-HAP-GEL scaffold had a comparable strength relative to the natural calvaria bone (13.8±4.5 MPa and 24.5±8.3 MPa, respectively). Porosity was 1.52±0.8 mm and 0.64±0.4 mm for TiO2-HAP-GEL and calvaria bone, respectively. At 8 and 12 weeks postimplantation into rat calvaria defects, greater osteointegration and NFB were significantly present in the TiO2-enriched HAP-GEL constructs with OD-MAPCs, compared to the undifferentiated MAPC-loaded constructs, cell-free HAP-GEL with and without titanium, and PLGA scaffolds. The tissue-engineered TiO2-enriched HAP-GEL constructs with OD-MAPC aggregates present a potential useful therapeutic approach for calvaria bone regeneration.
Modeling the average shortest path length in growth of word-adjacency networks
Creators: name: Kulig, Andrzej
name: Drozdz, Stanislaw
name: Kwapien, Jaroslaw
name: Oswiecimka, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate properties of evolving linguistic networks defined by the word-adjacency relation. Such networks belong to the category of networks with accelerated growth but their shortest path length appears to reveal the network size dependence of different functional form than the ones known so far. We thus compare the networks created from literary texts with their artificial substitutes based on different variants of the Dorogovtsev-Mendes model and observe that none of them is able to properly simulate the novel asymptotics of the shortest path length. Then, we identify the local chain-like linear growth induced by grammar and style as a missing element in this model and extend it by incorporating such effects. It is in this way that a satisfactory agreement with the empirical result is obtained.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review E
Cyclic Tensile Strain Enhances Osteogenesis and Angiogenesis in Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Osteoporotic Donors
Creators: name: Dirschl, Douglas R.
name: Lalush, David S.
name: Loboa, Elizabeth G.
name: Andrews, Danica M.K.
name: Tucker, Charles J.
name: Wall, Michelle E.
name: Charoenpanich, Adisri
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We have shown that the uniaxial cyclic tensile strain of magnitude 10% promotes and enhances osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) and human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) from normal, nonosteoporotic donors. In the present study, MSC from osteoporotic donors were analyzed for changes in mRNA expression in response to 10% uniaxial tensile strain to identify potential mechanisms underlying the use of this mechanical loading paradigm for prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Human MSC isolated from three female, postmenopausal osteoporotic donors were analyzed for their responses to mechanical loading using microarray analysis of over 47,000 gene probes. Human MSC were seeded in three-dimensional collagen type I constructs to mimic the organic extracellular matrix of bone and 10% uniaxial cyclic tensile strain was applied to promote osteogenesis. Seventy-nine genes were shown to be regulated within hMSC from osteoporotic donors in response to 10% cyclic tensile strain. Upregulation of six genes were further confirmed with real-time RT-PCR: jun D proto-oncogene (JUND) and plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (PLAUR), two genes identified as potential key molecules from network analysis; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, catalytic, delta polypeptide (PIK3CD) and wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 5B (WNT5B), two genes with known importance in bone biology; and, PDZ and LIM domain 4 (PDLIM4) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), two genes that we have previously shown are significantly regulated in hASC in response to this mechanical stimulus. Function analysis indicated that 10% cyclic tensile strain induced expression of genes associated with cell movement, cell proliferation, and tissue development, including development in musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems. Our results demonstrate that hMSC from aged, osteoporotic donors are capable of enhanced osteogenic differentiation in response to 10% cyclic tensile strain with significant increases in the expression of genes associated with enhanced cell proliferation, musculoskeletal development, and angiogenesis. Surprisingly, cyclic tensile strain of magnitude 10% not only enhanced osteogenesis in hMSC from osteoporotic donors, but also enhanced expression of angiogenic factors. Better understanding and methodologies to promote osteogenesis in hMSC from elderly, osteoporotic donors may greatly facilitate achieving long-term success in bone regeneration and functional bone tissue engineering for this ever-growing patient population.
Proposal for an Optomechanical Microwave Sensor at the Subphoton Level
Creators: name: Zhang, Keye
name: Bariani, Francesco
name: Dong, Ying
name: Zhang, Weiping
name: Meystre, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Because of their low energy content, microwave signals at the single-photon level are extremely challenging to measure. Guided by recent progress in single-photon optomechanics and hybrid optomechanical systems, we propose a multimode optomechanical transducer that can detect intensities significantly below the single-photon level via adiabatic transfer of the microwave signal to the optical frequency domain where the measurement is then performed. The influence of intrinsic quantum and thermal fluctuations is also discussed.
description: 14 pages, 6 pages for the main text and 8 pages for the supplemental material
Additional file 1 of Assessing public health preparedness and response in the European Union- a review of regional simulation exercises and after action reviews
Creators: name: Utheim, Mari Nythun
name: Gawad, Mohamed
name: Nygård, Karin
name: Macdonald, Emily
name: Falk, Monica
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Annex 1. Comparison between recommendations to states and SPAR indicators. Annex 2. Recommendations to EU agencies in reports reviewed. Annex 3. Comparison of recommendations with lessons learnt from COVID-19.
title: Synthese und spektroskopische Charakterisierung von N-Benzylazolen
Creators: name: Stehlik, Viktoria
Year: 2022

description: Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Diplomarbeit wurde eine Reihe von literaturbekannten N-Benzylazolen synthetisiert. Alle Synthesen liefen über die Benzylierung der kommerziell erhältlichen Grundkörper via nucleophile Substitution. In vielen Fällen wurde dabei mit einer starken Base das Na-Salz des entsprechenden Azols gebildet und dieses mit Benzylchlorid oder Benzylbromid zur gewünschten Zielverbindung umgesetzt. Alle Verbindungen wurden unter standardisierten Bedingungen mittels NMR-spektroskopischer Methoden (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 15N-NMR) charakterisiert und die Resonanzlinien so weit als möglich eindeutig zugeordnet. Die ermittelten Daten wurden hinsichtlich der jeweiligen chemischen Verschiebungen im Rahmen einer weiterführenden Studie mit den – durch verschiedene quantenchemische Verfahren – berechneten theoretischen Werten verglichen.
Extracellular Calcium Modulates Chondrogenic and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells: A Novel Approach for Osteochondral Tissue Engineering Using a Single Stem Cell Source
Creators: name: Williams, John
name: Mohiti-Asli, Mahsa
name: Dent, Morgan R.
name: Guilak, Farshid
name: Loboa, Elizabeth G.
name: Kannan, Arthi
name: Mellor, Liliana F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We have previously shown that elevating extracellular calcium from a concentration of 1.8 to 8 mM accelerates and increases human adipose-derived stem cell (hASC) osteogenic differentiation and cell-mediated calcium accretion, even in the absence of any other soluble osteogenic factors in the culture medium. However, the effects of elevated calcium on hASC chondrogenic differentiation have not been reported. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of varied calcium concentrations on chondrogenic differentiation of hASC. We hypothesized that exposure to elevated extracellular calcium (8 mM concentration) in a chondrogenic differentiation medium (CDM) would inhibit chondrogenesis of hASC when compared to basal calcium (1.8 mM concentration) controls. We further hypothesized that a full osteochondral construct could be engineered by controlling local release of calcium to induce site-specific chondrogenesis and osteogenesis using only hASC as the cell source. Human ASC was cultured as micromass pellets in CDM containing transforming growth factor-β1 and bone morphogenetic protein 6 for 28 days at extracellular calcium concentrations of either 1.8 mM (basal) or 8 mM (elevated). Our findings indicated that elevated calcium induced osteogenesis and inhibited chondrogenesis in hASC. Based on these findings, stacked polylactic acid nanofibrous scaffolds containing either 0% or 20% tricalcium phosphate (TCP) nanoparticles were electrospun and tested for site-specific chondrogenesis and osteogenesis. Histological assays confirmed that human ASC differentiated locally to generate calcified tissue in layers containing 20% TCP, and cartilage in the layers with no TCP when cultured in CDM. This is the first study to report the effects of elevated calcium on chondrogenic differentiation of hASC, and to develop osteochondral nanofibrous scaffolds using a single cell source and controlled calcium release to induce site-specific differentiation. This approach holds great promise for osteochondral tissue engineering using a single cell source (hASC) and single scaffold.
Non-Gaussian fixed points in fermionic field theories without auxiliary Bose-fields
Creators: name: Jakovac, A.
name: Patkos, A.
name: Posfay, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The functional equation governing the renormalization flow of fermionic field theories is investigated in $d$ dimensions without introducing auxiliary Bose-fields on the example of the Gross-Neveu and the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. The UV safe fixed points and the eigenvectors of the renormalization group equations linearized around them are found in the local potential approximation. The results are compared carefully with those obtained with partial bosonisation. The results do not receive any correction in the next-to-leading order approximation of the gradient expansion of the effective action.
description: extended version to appear in EPJC, 15 pages, 4 figures, uses svjour3
Mid-J CO observations of Perseus B1-East 5: evidence for turbulent dissipation via low-velocity shocks
Creators: name: Pon, Andy
name: Johnstone, Doug
name: Kaufman, Michael J.
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Plume, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant molecular clouds contain supersonic turbulence and magnetohydrodynamic simulations predict that this turbulence should decay rapidly. Such turbulent dissipation has the potential to create a warm (T ~100 K) gas component within a molecular cloud. We present observations of the CO J = 5-4 and 6-5 transitions, taken with the Herschel Space Observatory, towards the Perseus B1-East 5 region. We combine these new observations with archival measurements of lower rotational transitions and fit photodissociation region models to the data. We show that Perseus B1-E5 has an anomalously large CO J = 6-5 integrated intensity, consistent with a warm gas component existing within the region. This excess emission is consistent with predictions for shock heating due to the dissipation of turbulence in low velocity shocks with the shocks having a volume filling factor of 0.15 per cent. We find that B1-E has a turbulent energy dissipation rate of 3.5 x 10$^{32}$ erg / s and a dissipation time-scale that is only a factor of 3 larger than the flow crossing time-scale.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables, accepted by MNRAS, fixed errors described in erratum
A Study on Rural Regeneration Keywords by Using Text Network Analysis
Creators: name: Choi, Moonhyeong
name: Choi, Moonhyeong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: rural regeneration
subject: rural area
subject: regional regeneration

description: The discussions on rural regeneration have been incresed. Recently, rural areas have suffered from various problems such as the outflow of the working-population, population aging, and old aging infrastructures. As a result, rural regeneration has emerged as an urgent social issue. However, academic approaches to rural regeneration are relatively less active than in urban revitalization. Some previous research papers have pointed out these problems and called mentioned the need for rural regeneration. However, there have not been sufficient studies. Against this backdrop, This study explores the current discussions related to rural regeneration and the issues addressed importantly. This analysis identifies changes between 2016 and 2020. In 2016, the keywords related to the government's rural revitalization project and renewable energy project mainly appeared in the area of rural regeneration. However, in 2020, the keywords related to self-sustaining economic growth and self-reliance in rural areas became important. Of course, the role of government in rural regeneration remains an important issue. At the same time, the roles of rural areas and residents are emerging as a new essential issue.
title: Boletín Estadístico 2022
Creators: name: Universidad del Rosario. Dirección de Planeación y Efectividad Institucional
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2023

description: Este boletín estadístico ofrece un panorama general de las cifras de las actividades académicas y administrativas de nuestra institución en 2022, las cuales fueron lide­radas por la gestión del Rector José Alejandro Cheyne García en el último año de su primer periodo rectoral. Entre los datos claves sobre la gestión misional se presenta en primer lugar, los programas académicos por niveles de formación y unidad académica, incluyendo aquellos que nos han permitido posicionarnos en las regiones y crear alian­zas estratégicas con instituciones de calidad en todo el país. En segundo lugar, muestra un panorama exhaustivo del corazón de nuestra Univer­sidad: sus estudiantes. Se incluyen los principales datos de sus procesos de admisión, apuestas institucionales como los dobles programas, caracterización sociodemográfi­ca y desempeño académico. Posteriormente, en el tercer tema se comparten datos de internacionalización de los estudiantes como doble titulación, convenios, movilidad y asignaturas en otros idiomas. El cuarto tema corresponde a la comunidad profesoral de excelencia, que muestra un crecimiento significativo para soportar las funciones sustantivas de docencia, investi­gación y extensión. Por último, se presenta información de bienestar universitario, recursos disponibles en el CRAI, Hábitat, libros publicados por la Editorial UR y proyectos apoyados por el Centro de Estudios para la Competitividad Regional - SCORE. La mirada cuantitativa del 2022 que presenta este boletín se ve altamente enriquecida por su contraparte cualitativa, que se encuentra disponible en el Informe Anual de Gestión 2022.
Fate of Distal Lung Epithelium Cultured in a Decellularized Lung Extracellular Matrix
Creators: name: Niklason, Laura E.
name: Herzog, Erica L.
name: Calle, Elizabeth A.
name: Bove, Peter F.
name: Sundaram, Sumati
name: Leiby, Katherine L.
name: Mendez, Julio J.
name: Ghaedi, Mahboobe
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Type II cells are the defenders of the alveolus. They produce surfactant to prevent alveolar collapse, they actively transport water to prevent filling of the air sacs that would otherwise prevent gas exchange, and they differentiate to type I epithelial cells. They are an indispensable component of functional lung tissue. To understand the functionality of type II cells in isolation, we sought to track their fate in decellularized matrices and to assess their ability to contribute to barrier function by differentiation to type I alveolar epithelial cells. Rat type II cells were isolated from neonatal rat lungs by labeling with the RTII-70 surface marker and separation using a magnetic column. This produced a population of ∼50% RTII-70-positive cells accompanied by few type I epithelial cells or α-actin-positive mesenchymal cells. This population was seeded into decellularized rat lung matrices and cultured for 1 or 7 days. Culture in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium +10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) resulted in reduced expression of epithelial markers and increased expression of mesenchymal markers. By 7 days, no epithelial markers were visible by immunostaining; nearly all cells were α-actin positive. Gene expression for the mesenchymal markers, α-actin, vimentin, and TGF-βR, was significantly upregulated on day 1 (p=0.0005, 0.0005, and 2.342E-5, respectively). Transcript levels of α-actin and TGF-βR remained high at 7 days (p=1.364E-10 and 0.0002). Interestingly, human type II cells cultured under the same conditions showed a similar trend in the loss of epithelial markers, but did not display high expression of mesenchymal markers. Rat cells additionally showed the ability to produce and degrade the basement membrane and extracellular matrix components, such as fibronectin, collagen IV, and collagen I. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed significant increases in expression of the fibronectin and matrix metalloprotease-2 (MMP-2) genes after 1 day in culture (p=0.0135 and 0.0128, respectively) and elevated collagen I expression at 7 days (p=0.0016). These data suggest that the original type II-enriched population underwent a transition to increased expression of mesenchymal markers, perhaps as part of a survival or wound-healing program. These results suggest that additional medium components and/or the application of physiologically appropriate stimuli such as ventilation may be required to promote lung-specific epithelial phenotypes.
Policy and Organizing Complementarity in Community Change Campaigns
Creators: name: Blaylock, Jody
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013

description: This paper analyzes the intra-organizational partnerships in the Sweet Home Chicago Campaign for affordable housing. It outlines how this particular community change campaign effectively brought together the policy and community organizing traditions of campaigning. After outlining the general histories of various campaign strategies, it identifies Kristina Smock’s model of complementarity as a way of partnering disparate traditions. From Smock’s work and the example of Sweet Home Chicago, the paper identifies five elements that mark the potential for a policy-organizing partnership driven campaign.
Cytoskeletal and Focal Adhesion Influences on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Shape, Mechanical Properties, and Differentiation Down Osteogenic, Adipogenic, and Chondrogenic Pathways
Creators: name: Mathieu, Pattie S.
name: Loboa, Elizabeth G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great potential for regenerative medicine and tissue-engineering applications. They have multipotent differentiation capabilities and have been shown to differentiate down various lineages, including osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, myocytes, and possibly neurons. The majority of approaches to control the MSC fate have been via the use of chemical factors in the form of growth factors within the culture medium. More recently, it has been understood that mechanical forces play a significant role in regulating MSC fate. We and others have shown that mechanical stimuli can control MSC lineage specification. The cytoskeleton is known to play a large role in mechanotransduction, and a growing number of studies are showing that it can also contribute to MSC differentiation. This review analyzes the significant contribution of actin and integrin distribution, and the smaller role of microtubules, in regulating MSC fate. Osteogenic differentiation is more prevalent in MSCs with a stiff, spread actin cytoskeleton and greater numbers of focal adhesions. Both adipogenic differentiation and chondrogenic differentiation are encouraged when MSCs have a spherical morphology associated with a dispersed actin cytoskeleton with few focal adhesions. Different mechanical stimuli can be implemented to alter these cytoskeletal patterns and encourage MSC differentiation to the desired lineage.
Each regular paratopological group is completely regular
Creators: name: Banakh, Taras
name: Ravsky, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54D10, 54D15, 54E15, 22A30

description: We prove that a semiregular topological space $X$ is completely regular if and only if its topology is generated by a normal quasi-uniformity. This characterization implies that each regular paratopological group is completely regular. This resolves an old problem in the theory of paratopological groups, which stood open for about 60 years. Also we define a natural uniformity on each paratopological group and using this uniformity prove that each (first countable) Hausdorff paratopological group is functionally Hausdorff (and submetrizable). This resolves another two known open problems in the theory of paratopological groups.
description: 7 pages (in the updated version some results on the submetrizability of paratopological groups are added)
McNamara&Barta supp from Behavioural flexibility and reputation formation
Creators: name: McNamara, John M.
name: Zoltan Barta
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Computational model, supplementary results and an analytic model
Experimental realizations of full control of reflected waves with subwavelength acoustic metasurfaces
Creators: name: Li, Yong
name: Jiang, Xue
name: Li, Rui-qi
name: Liang, Bin
name: Zou, Xin-ye
name: Yin, Lei-lei
name: Cheng, Jian-chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metasurfaces with subwavelength thickness have exhibited unconventional phenomena in ways that could not be mimicked by traditional materials. Here we report the analytical design and experimental realizations of acoustic metasurface with hitherto inaccessible functionality of manipulating the reflected waves arbitrarily. By suitably designing the phase shift profile covering 2 range induced by labyrinthine units, the metasurface can reflect acoustic waves in an unusual yet controllable manner. Anomalous reflection and ultrathin planar lens with adjustable focal point were both demonstrated with carefully designed metasurfaces. Remarkably, the free manipulation of phase shifts offers great flexibility in the design of non-paraxial or paraxial acoustic self-accelerating beams with arbitrary trajectories. With the extraordinary wave-steering ability, the metasurface should open exciting possibilities for designing compact acoustic components with versatile potential and may find a variety of applications ranging from ultrasound imaging to field caustic engineering.
Influências do ambiente de prática profissional da equipe de enfermagem na segurança do paciente: uma revisão de escopo
Creators: name: Almeida, Luciana Dourado Pimenta
name: Da Silva Teixeira, Giselle Alves
name: Edilson Da Silva Pereira Filho
name: Silva, Gilberto Tadeu Reis Da
name: Deybson Borba De Almeida
name: Ednir Assis Souza
name: Nádja Shirlley De Andrade Cavalcante
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo conforme recomendações do JBI
Additional file 1 of Trajectories of body mass index in adulthood and risk of subtypes of postmenopausal breast cancer
Creators: name: Busund, Marit
name: Ursin, Giske
name: Lund, Eiliv
name: Wilsgaard, Tom
name: Rylander, Charlotta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Table 1. Comparison of selected characteristics at wave 1 of excluded participants vs. study sample. Table 2. Age-adjusted hazard ratios for the association between body fatness and ER/PR/HER2-defined subtypes of postmenopausal breast cancer. Table 3. Age-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for the association between body fatness and ER/PR-defined subtypes of postmenopausal breast cancer. Figure 1. Directed acyclic graph on the assumed relations between BMI development in adulthood, postmenopausal breast cancer and covariates. Figure 2. Twoway scatterplots of individual BMI trajectories by trajectory group.
Ex Vivo Conditions for Self-Replication of Human Hepatic Stem Cells
Creators: name: Barbier, Claire
name: Reid, Lola M.
name: Melhem, Alaa
name: Wauthier, Eliane
name: Zhang, Lili
name: McClelland, Randall
name: Schmelzer, Eva
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Human hepatic stem cells (hHpSCs), identifiable by a unique antigenic profile, have been isolated from human livers and established ex vivo under expansion conditions permissive for self-replication. The conditions consist of a substratum of type III collagen, ideally on Transwell inserts, and Kubota's medium, a serum-free medium developed for hepatic progenitors. Under these conditions the cells demonstrated a doubling time of ∼24 h, generating at least a 16-fold increase in cell number within 7–10 days; were stable at confluence for up to 2 weeks; could be passaged, if on type III collagen, to initiate colonies that went through log-phase growth and saturation density kinetics; and expressed telomerase, indicative of regenerative capacity. The hHpSC colonies remained morphologically and phenotypically stable throughout expressing epithelial cell adhesion molecule, neural cell adhesion molecule, albumin, cytokeratins 8, 18, and 19, but not α-fetoprotein, or intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Those maintained under self-replication conditions for more than a month were transplanted and found to engraft in the livers of SCID/nod mice yielding human liver tissue expressing adult liver–specific proteins. The conditions for self-replication should offer ideal culture conditions for generating large numbers of hHpSCs for use in commercial and clinical programs.
Genomic powerhouse: de novo assembly and phylogenetic analyses of Anolis mitochondrial genomes
Creators: name: Comșa, Lim Caden
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Anoles, lizards belonging to the genus Anolis, are a model clade for the fields of evolutionary biology, ecology, and their intersection. However, despite extensive study of the genus, very little genomic data are available for the over 425 species in the genus. We set out to improve availability of genomic data among Anolis species by assembling mitochondrial (mito-)genomes of several anole species, as well as to test for the conservation of mitochondrial structure and genetic elements. We created a pipeline to process short-read sequencing files and generate mito-genome assemblies. We implemented the pipeline on whole genome sequencing (WGS) reads from our own datasets, as well as on WGS and Target Capture sequencing (TC) data publicly available on the Short Reads Archive (SRA) website from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). We successfully de novo assembled and annotated 18 complete mito-genomes using our pipeline, including one genome from off-target reads pulled from a TC dataset. We found that the structure of the mito-genomes was conserved across all analyzed species. Protein coding and ribosomal RNA genes from the mito-genomes were extracted and used to perform single-gene or concatenated and partitioned phylogenetic simulations via MrBayes. Our phylogenetic analyses showed strong support for the monophyly of Anolis and for several relationships between the eight subgenera of anoles that have remained unresolved based on previous phylogenetic analysis of smaller sequence datasets. We show that mito-genomic data such as these are relatively easy to generate and can improve scientific understanding of Anolis by opening up new avenues for hypothesis-driven research, such as investigating potential differences in mitochondrial evolutionary rates between different Anolis lineages.
High-Throughput Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomic Footprinting for Tissue Engineering
Creators: name: Winnike, Jason H.
name: O'Connell, Thomas M.
name: MacDonald, Jeffrey M.
name: Gamcsik, Michael P.
name: McClelland, Randall E.
name: Seagle, Christopher
name: Christie, Megan A.
name: Ludlow, John W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We report a high-throughput (HTP) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method for analysis of media components and a metabolic schematic to help easily interpret the data. Spin-lattice relaxation values and concentrations were measured for 19 components and 2 internal referencing agents in pure and 2-day conditioned, hormonally defined media from a 3-dimensional (3D) multicoaxial human bioartificial liver (BAL). The 1H NMR spectral signal-to-noise ratio is 21 for 0.16 mM alanine in medium and is obtained in 12 min using a 400 MHz NMR spectrometer. For comparison, 2D gel cultures and 3D multicoaxial BALs were batch cultured, with medium changed every day for 15 days after inoculation with human liver cells in Matrigel–collagen type 1 gels. Glutamine consumption was higher by day 8 in the BAL than in 2D culture; lactate production was lower through the 15-day culture period. Alanine was the primary amino acid produced and tracked with lactate or urea production. Glucose and pyruvate consumption were similar in the BAL and 2D cultures. NMR analysis permits quality assurance of the bioreactor by identifying contaminants. Ethanol was observed because of a bioreactor membrane “wetting” procedure. A biochemical scheme is presented illustrating bioreactor metabolomic footprint results and demonstrating how this can be translated to modify bioreactor operational parameters or quality assurance issues.
Depth of Maximum of Air-Shower Profiles at the Pierre Auger Observatory: Measurements at Energies above 10^17.8 eV
Creators: name: Pierre Auger Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a study of the distributions of the depth of maximum, Xmax, of extensive air-shower profiles with energies above 10^17.8 eV as observed with the fluorescence telescopes of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The analysis method for selecting a data sample with minimal sampling bias is described in detail as well as the experimental cross-checks and systematic uncertainties. Furthermore, we discuss the detector acceptance and the resolution of the Xmax measurement and provide parameterizations thereof as a function of energy. The energy dependence of the mean and standard deviation of the Xmax-distributions are compared to air-shower simulations for different nuclear primaries and interpreted in terms of the mean and variance of the logarithmic mass distribution at the top of the atmosphere.
description: published version PRD
Application of Low-Frequency Alternating Current Electric Fields Via Interdigitated Electrodes: Effects on Cellular Viability, Cytoplasmic Calcium, and Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
Creators: name: McQuilling, John P.
name: Lubischer, Jane L.
name: Loboa, Elizabeth G.
name: Clarke, Laura I.
name: Grossfeld, Robert M.
name: McCullen, Seth D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Electric stimulation is known to initiate signaling pathways and provides a technique to enhance osteogenic differentiation of stem and/or progenitor cells. There are a variety of in vitro stimulation devices to apply electric fields to such cells. Herein, we describe and highlight the use of interdigitated electrodes to characterize signaling pathways and the effect of electric fields on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs). The advantage of the interdigitated electrode configuration is that cells can be easily imaged during short-term (acute) stimulation, and this identical configuration can be utilized for long-term (chronic) studies. Acute exposure of hASCs to alternating current (AC) sinusoidal electric fields of 1 Hz induced a dose-dependent increase in cytoplasmic calcium in response to electric field magnitude, as observed by fluorescence microscopy. hASCs that were chronically exposed to AC electric field treatment of 1 V/cm (4 h/day for 14 days, cultured in the osteogenic differentiation medium containing dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, and β-glycerol phosphate) displayed a significant increase in mineral deposition relative to unstimulated controls. This is the first study to evaluate the effects of sinusoidal AC electric fields on hASCs and to demonstrate that acute and chronic electric field exposure can significantly increase intracellular calcium signaling and the deposition of accreted calcium under osteogenic stimulation, respectively.
P.Oxy. LXXXIV 5463. Account of Income and Expenditure in Grain
Creators: name: Papyri, Oxyrhynchus
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200305 Latin and Classical Greek Languages
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Reproduction requests: https://www.ees.ac.uk/reproduction-requests-and-fees
Effect of Oxygen Concentration on Viability and Metabolism in a Fluidized-Bed Bioartificial Liver Using 31 P and 13 C NMR Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Lee, Haakil
name: Pediaditakis, Peter
name: Macdonald, Jeffrey M.
name: Tikunov, Andrey P.
name: Watkins, Paul B.
name: Young, Gregory B.
name: Gamcsik, Michael P.
name: Keshari, Kayvan R.
name: Jeffries, Rex E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Many oxygen mass-transfer modeling studies have been performed for various bioartificial liver (BAL) encapsulation types; yet, to our knowledge, there is no experimental study that directly and noninvasively measures viability and metabolism as a function of time and oxygen concentration. We report the effect of oxygen concentration on viability and metabolism in a fluidized-bed NMR-compatible BAL using in vivo 31P and 13C NMR spectroscopy, respectively, by monitoring nucleotide triphosphate (NTP) and 13C-labeled nutrient metabolites, respectively. Fluidized-bed bioreactors eliminate the potential channeling that occurs with packed-bed bioreactors and serve as an ideal experimental model for homogeneous oxygen distribution. Hepatocytes were electrostatically encapsulated in alginate (avg. diameter, 500 μm; 3.5×107 cells/mL) and perfused at 3 mL/min in a 9-cm (inner diameter) cylindrical glass NMR tube. Four oxygen treatments were tested and validated by an in-line oxygen electrode: (1) 95:5 oxygen:carbon dioxide (carbogen), (2) 75:20:5 nitrogen:oxygen:carbon dioxide, (3) 60:35:5 nitrogen:oxygen:carbon dioxide, and (4) 45:50:5 nitrogen:oxygen:carbon dioxide. With 20% oxygen, β-NTP steadily decreased until it was no longer detected at 11 h. The 35%, 50%, and 95% oxygen treatments resulted in steady β-NTP levels throughout the 28-h experimental period. For the 50% and 95% oxygen treatment, a 13C NMR time course (∼5 h) revealed 2-13C-glycine and 2-13C-glucose to be incorporated into [2-13C-glycyl]glutathione (GSH) and 2-13C-lactate, respectively, with 95% having a lower rate of lactate formation. 31P and 13C NMR spectroscopy is a noninvasive method for determining viability and metabolic rates. Modifying tissue-engineered devices to be NMR compatible is a relatively easy and inexpensive process depending on the bioreactor shape.
title: Der Wolf im Paläolithikum
Creators: name: Stütz, Bettina
Year: 2022

description: Ziel dieser Masterarbeit ist es einen Einblick zum Wolf im Paläolithikum, speziell zur Beziehung zum frühen Menschen, zu geben. Zu diesem Zweck wurde zum Beginn dieser Arbeit zunächst auf die naturwissenschaftlichen Eckdaten des Wolfes hingewiesen. Hauptaugenmerk liegt jedoch auf der Mensch-Tier Beziehung und deren unterschiedlichen Erscheinungsformen, die uns in der Archäologie begegnen können. Zu diesen gehören auch die sogenannten „Wolfsbestattungen“. In der Fundstelle Langmannersdorf in Österreich wurde eine solche Bestattung gefunden. Sie zeigte zwei Wölfe mit sichtbarem Bestattungsritus. Weitere geografische Beispiele zeigen die Verbindung, die der Mensch mit dem Wolf eingegangen ist und können Aufschluss auf die damalige (spirituelle) Sichtweise des Menschen geben. Doch nicht nur die damalige Mensch-Tier Beziehung soll in dieser Arbeit diskutiert werden, sondern auch die heutige. Geprägt von Märchen und Mythen findet man heutzutage zahlreiche negative Einstellungen.
Thermoelectric energy harvesting with quantum dots
Creators: name: Sothmann, Björn
name: Sánchez, Rafael
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent theoretical work on thermoelectric energy harvesting in multi-terminal quantum-dot setups. We first discuss several examples of nanoscale heat engines based on Coulomb-coupled conductors. In particular, we focus on quantum dots in the Coulomb-blockade regime, chaotic cavities and resonant tunneling through quantum dots and wells. We then turn towards quantum-dot heat engines that are driven by bosonic degrees of freedom such as phonons, magnons and microwave photons. These systems provide interesting connections to spin caloritronics and circuit quantum electrodynamics.
description: 46 pages, 20 figures, Topical review article for Nanotechnology, published version
ТЕМА: Individual project on theme "Streptocarpus Lindl." (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Gorshkova Anastasia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Горшковой Анастасии по теме " Streptocarpus Lindl." в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo).
Additional file 1 of Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injury in military recruits: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Murphy, Myles C.
name: Stannard, Joanne
name: Sutton, Vanessa R.
name: Owen, Patrick J.
name: Park, Brendon
name: Chivers, Paola T.
name: Hart, Nicolas H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix A. Systematic Review Search Strategy. Appendix B. Search Strategy Documentation. Appendix C. The quality assessment checklist and criteria used to assess the quality of individual studies. Appendix D. Recruit injury incidence rates (excluding recurrent/ subsequent injuries). The injury incidence rate for recruits (excluding recurrent/ subsequent injuries) with a medical attention injury ranged from 0.62 injured recruits per 1000 training days [1] to 8.12 injured recruits per 1000 training days. [2] The injury incidence rate for recruits with a time-loss injury (excluding recurrent/ subsequent injuries) ranged from 0.76 injured recruits per 1000 training days [3] to 5.77 injured recruits per 1000 training days. [4]. Appendix E. Study funding sources. Appendix F. Generalised linear model of study level data, assessing the association between the medical attention injury incidence rate (95% CI), and the duration of the recruit training program (weeks). Appendix G. Quality of include studies
Moments of zeta functions associated to hyperelliptic curves over finite fields
Creators: name: Rubinstein, Michael O.
name: Wu, Kaiyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11G20, 11M50, Secondary 14G10

description: Let $q$ be an odd prime power, and $H_{d,q}$ denote the set of square-free monic polynomials $D(x) \in F_q[x]$ of degree $d$. Katz and Sarnak showed that the moments, over $H_{d,q}$, of the zeta functions associated to the curves $y^2=D(x)$, evaluated at the central point, tend, as $q \to \infty$, to the moments of characteristic polynomials, evaluated at the central point, of matrices in $USp(2\lfloor (d-1)/2 \rfloor)$. Using techniques that were originally developed for studying moments of $L$-functions over number fields, Andrade and Keating conjectured an asymptotic formula for the moments for $q$ fixed and $d \to \infty$. We provide theoretical and numerical evidence in favour of their conjecture. In some cases we are able to work out exact formulas for the moments and use these to precisely determine the size of the remainder term in the predicted moments.
description: 32 pages