cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dissipative Topological Phase Transition with Strong System-Environment Coupling
Creators: name: Nie, Wei
name: Antezza, Mauro
name: Liu, Yu-xi
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A primary motivation for studying topological matter regards the protection of topological order from its environment. In this work, we study a topological emitter array coupled to an electromagnetic environment. The photon-emitter coupling produces nonlocal interactions between emitters. Using periodic boundary conditions for all ranges of environment-induced interactions, the chiral symmetry inherent to the emitter array is preserved. This chiral symmetry protects the Hamiltonian, and induces parity in the Lindblad operator. A topological phase transition occurs at a critical photon-emitter coupling related to the energy spectrum width of the emitter array. Interestingly, the critical point nontrivially changes the dissipation rates of edge states, yielding a dissipative topological phase transition. In the protected topological phase, edge states suffer from environment-induced dissipation for weak photon-emitter coupling. However, strong coupling leads to robust dissipationless edge states with a window at the emitter spacing. Our work shows the potential to manipulate topological quantum matter with electromagnetic environments.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Physical activity improves outcomes of combined lenvatinib plus anti-PD-1 therapy in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study and mouse model
Creators: name: Liu, Xue-Feng
name: Zhu, Xiao-Dong
name: Feng, Long-Hai
name: Li, Xiao-Long
name: Xu, Bin
name: Li, Kang-Shuai
name: Xiao, Nan
name: Lei, Ming
name: Sun, Hui-Chuan
name: Tang, Zhao-You
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Distribution of selected physical activities in the active group
Continuous Decoupling of Dynamically Expanding Systems
Creators: name: Knoll, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of decoupling and freeze-out is reinvestigated and analysed in terms of transparent semi-classical decoupling formulae, which provide a smooth decoupling in time both, for single and two particle inclusive spectra. They generalise frequently employed instantaneous freeze-out procedures and provide simple relations between the damping width and the duration of the decoupling process. The implications on physical phenomena arising from the expansion and decay dynamics of the highly compressed hadronic matter generated in high energy nuclear collisions are discussed.
description: The paper is significantly revised concentrating on the physics discussion, thereby including material that appeared during the revision stage. The formal derivations are deferred to a forthcoming paper. 20 pages, 2 Figures, Nucl. Phys. A in press
Quantum Error Correction with the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill Code
Creators: name: Grimsmo, Arne L.
name: Puri, Shruti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) code was proposed in 2001 by Daniel Gottesman, Alexei Kitaev, and John Preskill as a way to encode a qubit in an oscillator. The GKP codewords are coherent superpositions of periodically displaced squeezed vacuum states. Because of the challenge of merely preparing the codewords, the GKP code was for a long time considered to be impractical. However, the remarkable developments in quantum hardware and control technology in the last two decades has made the GKP code a frontrunner in the race to build practical, fault-tolerant bosonic quantum technology. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the GKP code with emphasis on its implementation in the circuit-QED architecture and present our outlook on the challenges and opportunities for scaling it up for hardware-efficient, fault-tolerant quantum error correction.
The Probabilistic Random Forest applied to the selection of quasar candidates in the QUBRICS Survey
Creators: name: Guarneri, Francesco
name: Calderone, Giorgio
name: Cristiani, Stefano
name: Fontanot, Fabio
name: Boutsia, Konstantina
name: Cupani, Guido
name: Grazian, Andrea
name: D'Odorico, Valentina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of known, bright ($i<18$), high-redshift ($z>2.5$) QSOs in the Southern Hemisphere is considerably lower than the corresponding number in the Northern Hemisphere due to the lack of multi-wavelength surveys at $δ<0$. Recent works, such as the QUBRICS survey, successfully identified new, high-redshift QSOs in the South by means of a machine learning approach applied on a large photometric dataset. Building on the success of QUBRICS, we present a new QSO selection method based on the Probabilistic Random Forest (PRF), an improvement of the classic Random Forest algorithm. The PRF takes into account measurement errors, treating input data as probability distribution functions: this allows us to obtain better accuracy and a robust predictive model. We applied the PRF to the same photometric dataset used in QUBRICS, based on the SkyMapper DR1, Gaia DR2, 2MASS, WISE and GALEX databases. The resulting candidate list includes $626$ sources with $i<18$. We estimate for our proposed algorithm a completeness of $\sim84\%$ and a purity of $\sim78\%$ on the test datasets. Preliminary spectroscopic campaigns allowed us to observe 41 candidates, of which 29 turned out to be $z>2.5$ QSOs. The performances of the PRF, currently comparable to those of the CCA, are expected to improve as the number of high-z QSOs available for the training sample grows: results are however already promising, despite this being one of the first applications of this method to an astrophysical context.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 12 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables
Stochastic Dynamics of Invasion and Fixation
Creators: name: Traulsen, Arne
name: Nowak, Martin A.
name: Pacheco, Jorge M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study evolutionary game dynamics in finite populations. We analyze an evolutionary process, which we call pairwise comparison, for which we adopt the ubiquitous Fermi distribution function from statistical mechanics. The inverse temperature in this process controls the intensity of selection, leading to a unified framework for evolutionary dynamics at all intensities of selection, from random drift to imitation dynamics. We derive, for the first time, a simple closed formula which determines the feasibility of cooperation in finite populations, whenever cooperation is modeled in terms of any symmetric two-person game. In contrast with previous results, the present formula is valid at all intensities of selection and for any initial condition. We investigate the evolutionary dynamics of cooperators in finite populations, and study the interplay between intensity of selection and the remnants of interior fixed points in infinite populations, as a function of a given initial number of cooperators, showing how this interplay strongly affects the approach to fixation of a given trait in finite populations, leading to counter-intuitive results at different intensities of selection.
A Fast Method of Virtual Stent Graft Deployment for Computer Assisted EVAR
Creators: name: Pionteck, Aymeric
name: Pierrat, Baptiste
name: Gorges, Sébastien
name: Albertini, Jean-Noël
name: Avril, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we introduce a new method simulating stent graft deployment for assisting endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. The method relies on intraoperative images coupled with mechanical models. A multi-step algorithm has been developed to increase the reliability of simulations. The first step predicts the position of the stent graft within the aorta. The second step is an axisymmetric geometric reconstruction of each individual stent. The third step minimizes the rotation of each stent around its main axis. Finally, the last step virtually deploys each stent within a deployment box extracted from the preoperative CT scan. A proof of concept is performed on a patient. The accuracy is compatible with the clinical threshold of 3 mm: the average distance between target and simulated stents is 1.73 $\pm$ 0.37 mm. Fenestrations of the stent-graft are reconstructed with a maximum error of less than 2.5 mm, which is enables a secure catheterization of secondary arteries. In summary, the method is able to assist EVAR practitioners by providing all necessary information for a fast and accurate stent graft positioning, combining intraoperative data and a mechanical model in a very low cost framework.
Multiple Lambda cosmology: dark fluid with time-dependent equation of state as classical analog of cosmological landscape
Creators: name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss FRW universe with time-dependent EoS dark fluid which leads to multiple de Sitter space. This model (as well as its scalar-tensor version) may be considered as some classical analog of cosmological landscape. The universe expansion history may look as transitions between different deSitter eras what suggests the interesting solution for cosmological constant problem. For specific time-dependent EoS dark fluid the possibility of transitions between universe regions with positive and negative cosmological constant is also established.
description: LaTeX file, 8 pages, no figure, version to appear in PLB
Additional file 11 of The functions of ocu-miR-205 in regulating hair follicle development in Rex rabbits
Creators: name: Liu, Gongyan
name: Li, Shu
name: Liu, Hongli
name: Zhu, Yanli
name: Bai, Liya
name: Sun, Haitao
name: Gao, Shuxia
name: Jiang, Wenxue
name: Li, Fuchang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11: Supplementary Table 6. Primer sequence information in experiments.
title: Stärkung des europäischen Verfassungsgerichtsverbundes: Die Vorteile einer umgekehrten Vorlagemöglichkeit zur Vermeidung von Kompetenzkonflikten
Creators: name: Boddenberg, Vinzenz
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 340

description: In dem Saar Brief erörtert Vinzenz Boddenberg, wie der gerichtliche Dialog zwischen dem EuGH und den Verfassungs- oder Höchstgerichten der Mitgliedsstaaten gefördert werden kann. Im Fokus der Untersuchung steht, wie künftig vermieden werden kann, dass nationale Gerichte Handlungen von Unionsorganen oder Urteile des EuGH als ultra vires qualifizieren. Der Autor diskutiert die Idee einer umgekehrten Vorlagemöglichkeit und deren Mehrwert für die Stärkung des gerichtlichen Dialogs.
description: Saar Briefs
Automated Machine Learning on Graphs: A Survey
Creators: name: Zhang, Ziwei
name: Wang, Xin
name: Zhu, Wenwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning on graphs has been extensively studied in both academic and industry. However, as the literature on graph learning booms with a vast number of emerging methods and techniques, it becomes increasingly difficult to manually design the optimal machine learning algorithm for different graph-related tasks. To solve this critical challenge, automated machine learning (AutoML) on graphs which combines the strength of graph machine learning and AutoML together, is gaining attention from the research community. Therefore, we comprehensively survey AutoML on graphs in this paper, primarily focusing on hyper-parameter optimization (HPO) and neural architecture search (NAS) for graph machine learning. We further overview libraries related to automated graph machine learning and in-depth discuss AutoGL, the first dedicated open-source library for AutoML on graphs. In the end, we share our insights on future research directions for automated graph machine learning. This paper is the first systematic and comprehensive review of automated machine learning on graphs to the best of our knowledge.
description: IJCAI 2021 Survey Track. Change bib style for better retrieval and add paper collection URL
title: Stärkung des europäischen Verfassungsgerichtsverbundes: Die Vorteile einer umgekehrten Vorlagemöglichkeit zur Vermeidung von Kompetenzkonflikten
Creators: name: Boddenberg, Vinzenz
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 340

description: In dem Saar Brief erörtert Vinzenz Boddenberg, wie der gerichtliche Dialog zwischen dem EuGH und den Verfassungs- oder Höchstgerichten der Mitgliedsstaaten gefördert werden kann. Im Fokus der Untersuchung steht, wie künftig vermieden werden kann, dass nationale Gerichte Handlungen von Unionsorganen oder Urteile des EuGH als ultra vires qualifizieren. Der Autor diskutiert die Idee einer umgekehrten Vorlagemöglichkeit und deren Mehrwert für die Stärkung des gerichtlichen Dialogs.
Break-up stage restoration in multifragmentation reactions
Creators: name: Raduta, Ad. R.
name: Bonnet, E.
name: Borderie, B.
name: Neindre, N. Le
name: Piantelli, S.
name: Rivet, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the case of Xe+Sn at 32 MeV/nucleon multifragmentation reaction break-up fragments are built-up from the experimentally detected ones using evaluations of light particle evaporation multiplicities which thus settle fragment internal excitation. Freeze-out characteristics are extracted from experimental kinetic energy spectra under the assumption of full decoupling between fragment formation and energy dissipated in different degrees of freedom. Thermal kinetic energy is determined uniquely while for freeze-out volume - collective energy a multiple solution is obtained. Coherence between the solutions of the break-up restoration algorithm and the predictions of a multifragmentation model with identical definition of primary fragments is regarded as a way to select the true value. The broad kinetic energy spectrum of $^3$He is consistent with break-up genesis of this isotope.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Realization of SOC behavior in a dc glow discharge plasma
Creators: name: Nurujjaman, Md.
name: Iyengar, A. N. Sekar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental observations consistent with Self Organized Criticality (SOC) have been obtained in the electrostatic floating potential fluctuations of a dc glow discharge plasma. Power spectrum exhibits a power law which is compatible with the requirement for SOC systems. Also the estimated value of the Hurst exponent (self similarity parameter), H being greater than 0.5, along with an algebraic decay of the autocorrelation function, indicate the presence of temporal long-range correlations, as may be expected from SOC dynamics. This type of observations in our opinion has been reported for the first time in a glow discharge system.
description: Key Words: Glow discharge; Self Organized Criticality; Hurst exponent; R/S technique; Power spectrum; Autocorrelation function; Nongaussian probability distribution function. Phys Lett A (article in Press)
Analyzing powers and differential cross sections for pn --> [pi]⁻pp(¹ ₀) at 403 and 440 MeV
Creators: name: Duncan, Fraser Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is considerable interest in the pn → π pp reaction which can proceed by a nonresonant channel from the isospin 0 pn initial state (an N Δ intermediate state cannot be formed). This thesis describes a measurement of analyzing powers and triple differential cross sections for a subset of this reaction, pn → π⁻ pp(¹S₀) by isolating the quasifree process in pd → π⁻ ppps. The experimental arrangement selects the relative S-wave component of the outgoing “diproton”. The experiment was done on TRIUMF beam line 1B using a LD₂ target; the pion was detected in a magnetic spectrometer, the two outgoing protons in a scintillator bar array. The spectator proton was undetected. Data were taken in August 1989 at 353, 403 and 440 MeV beam energies. Of these the 403 and 440 MeV data are analysed in this thesis and analyzing powers and triple differential cross sections as a function of pion scattering angle extracted at centre of mass kinetic energies, Tcm, of 55 and 70 MeV (corresponding to the 403 and 440 MeV beam energies respectively). Partial wave analysis of the data shows that, while the isospin 0 channel dominates the reaction, contributing approximately 75% of the cross section at the energies studied here, there are significant contributions from the s and d-wave pion, isospin 1 channels. Of particular importance is the contribution from the s-wave pion, isospin 1, channel whose interference with the isospin 0 channels produces the characteristic shapes of the cross sections and analyzing powers observed in the data. The d-wave pion, isospin 1 channels, are also required to fully explain the observed analyzing power distributions, and are essential for the Tcm = 70MeV data. Comparisons of the pion production data measured in this experiment with pion absorption measurements on ³He, where the absorption process is π⁻ pp(¹S₀) → pn, show a shift in the shape of the differential cross section which can be interpreted as due to differences in the wave functions for the free and bound diproton.
Specific neutral and charged black holes in $f(R)$ gravitational theory
Creators: name: Nashed, G. G. L.
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the successes of $f(R)$ theory as a neutral modification of Einstein's general relativity (GR), we continue our study in this field and attempt to find general %natural { neutral} and charged black hole (BH) solutions. In the previous papers \cite{Nashed:2020mnp,Nashed:2020tbp}, we applied the field equation of the $f(R)$ gravity to a spherically symmetric space-time $ds^2=-U(r)dt^2+\frac{dr^2}{V(r)}+r^2 \left( dθ^2+\sin^2θdϕ^2 \right)$ with unequal metric potentials $U(r)$ and $V(r)$ and with/without electric charge. {Then we have obtained equations which include all the possible static solutions with spherical symmetry.} To ensure the closed form of system of the resulting differential equations in order to obtain specific solutions, we assumed the derivative of the $f(R)$ with respect to the scalar curvature $R$ to have a form %$F_1(r)=\frac{df(R(r))}{dR(r)} \propto %{\color{red} 1 +} %\frac{c}{r^n}$ but in case $n>2$, the resulting black hole solutions with/without charge do not %generate asymptotically GR BH solutions in the limit $c\rightarrow 0$ which means that the only case that can generate GR BHs is $n=2$. %In this paper, we assume another form, i.e., $F_1(r) {=\frac{df(R(r))}{dR(r)} } = 1-\frac{F_0-\left(n-3\right)}{r^n}$ with a constant $F_0$ and show that we can generate asymptotically GR BH solutions for $n>2$ but we show that the $n=2$ case is not allowed. This form of $F_1(r)$ could be the most acceptable physical form that we can generate from it physical metric potentials that can have a well-known asymptotic form and we obtain the metric of the Einstein general relativity in the limit of $F_0\to n-3$. We show that the form of the electric charge depends on $n$ and that $n\neq 2$.}
description: LaTeX 18 pages, 16 figures, several revisions
Local limit theorems for finite and infinite urn models
Creators: name: Hwang, Hsien-Kuei
name: Janson, Svante
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60C05 (Primary)

description: Local limit theorems are derived for the number of occupied urns in general finite and infinite urn models under the minimum condition that the variance tends to infinity. Our results represent an optimal improvement over previous ones for normal approximation.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOP350 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Asymptotic generators of fermionic charges and boundary conditions preserving supersymmetry
Creators: name: Hollands, Stefan
name: Marolf, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a covariant phase space formalism to give a general prescription for defining Hamiltonian generators of bosonic and fermionic symmetries in diffeomorphism invariant theories, such as supergravities. A simple and general criterion is derived for a choice of boundary condition to lead to conserved generators of the symmetries on the phase space. In particular, this provides a criterion for the preservation of supersymmetries. For bosonic symmetries corresponding to diffeomorphisms, our prescription coincides with the method of Wald et al. We then illustrate these methods in the case of certain supergravity theories in $d=4$. In minimal AdS supergravity, the boundary conditions such that the supercharges exist as Hamiltonian generators of supersymmetry transformations are unique within the usual framework in which the boundary metric is fixed. In extended ${\mathcal N}=4$ AdS supergravity, or more generally in the presence of chiral matter superfields, we find that there exist many boundary conditions preserving ${\mathcal N}=1$ supersymmetry for which corresponding generators exist. These choices are shown to correspond to a choice of certain arbitrary boundary ``superpotentials,'' for suitably defined ``boundary superfields.'' We also derive corresponding formulae for the conserved bosonic charges, such as energy, in those theories, and we argue that energy is always positive, for any supersymmetry-preserving boundary conditions. We finally comment on the relevance and interpretation of our results within the AdS-CFT correspondence.
description: 45 pages, Latex, no figures, v2: extended discussion of positive energy theorem and explicit form of fermionic generators, references added
Fast hierarchical inversion for borehole resistivity measurements in high-angle and horizontal wells using ADNN-AMLM
Creators: name: Wu, Yizhi
name: Fan, Yiren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the rapid development of deep learning, intelligent scheme is gradually introduced to solve various nolinear inverse problems. In this paper, we combine an efficient adaptive deep neural network (ADNN) framework with adaptive modified Levenberg-Marquardt (AMLM) algorithm based on three-layer inversion model to exact formation resistivity and invasion depth from array laterolog resistivity measurements. ADNN presented in this paper can realize the 2D/3D fast forward modeling of array laterolog. AMLM algorithm and hierarchical inversion scheme are adopted to improve the anti-noise ability and convergence in complex logging environments, which realizing the fast and accurate reconstruction of longitudinal resistivity profile in HA/HZ wells. The numerical simulation shows that the ADNN forward modeling only takes 0.021s for each logging point, and the maximum relative error is less than 2%. Three-layer inversion model can eliminate the effect of surrounding bed and improve the inversion accuracy in thinly layered formation. The error between inverted results and truth model is less than 3%. The AMLM inversion algorithm can effectively suppress the influence of noise, and takes only 10 steps to achieve convergence.
Endogenous and exogenous dynamics in the fluctuations of capital fluxes: An empirical analysis of the Chinese stock market
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhi-Qiang
name: Guo, Liang
name: Zhou, Wei-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A phenomenological investigation of the endogenous and exogenous dynamics in the fluctuations of capital fluxes is investigated on the Chinese stock market using mean-variance analysis, fluctuation analysis and their generalizations to higher orders. Non-universal dynamics have been found not only in $α$ exponents different from the universal value 1/2 and 1 but also in the distributions of the ratios $η_i = σ_i^{\rm{exo}} / σ_i^{\rm{endo}}$. Both the scaling exponent $α$ of fluctuations and the Hurst exponent $H_i$ increase in logarithmic form with the time scale $Δt$ and the mean traded value per minute $$, respectively. We find that the scaling exponent $α^{\rm{endo}}$ of the endogenous fluctuations is found to be independent of the time scale, while the exponent of exogenous fluctuations $α^{\rm{exo}}=1$. Multiscaling and multifractal features are observed in the data as well. However, the inhomogeneous impact model is not verified.
description: 9 Latx pages for EPJB including 13 figures
SGTBN: Generating Dense Depth Maps from Single-Line LiDAR
Creators: name: Lu, Hengjie
name: Xu, Shugong
name: Cao, Shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Depth completion aims to generate a dense depth map from the sparse depth map and aligned RGB image. However, current depth completion methods use extremely expensive 64-line LiDAR(about $100,000) to obtain sparse depth maps, which will limit their application scenarios. Compared with the 64-line LiDAR, the single-line LiDAR is much less expensive and much more robust. Therefore, we propose a method to tackle the problem of single-line depth completion, in which we aim to generate a dense depth map from the single-line LiDAR info and the aligned RGB image. A single-line depth completion dataset is proposed based on the existing 64-line depth completion dataset(KITTI). A network called Semantic Guided Two-Branch Network(SGTBN) which contains global and local branches to extract and fuse global and local info is proposed for this task. A Semantic guided depth upsampling module is used in our network to make full use of the semantic info in RGB images. Except for the usual MSE loss, we add the virtual normal loss to increase the constraint of high-order 3D geometry in our network. Our network outperforms the state-of-the-art in the single-line depth completion task. Besides, compared with the monocular depth estimation, our method also has significant advantages in precision and model size.
Proposed realization of the Dicke-model quantum phase transition in an optical cavity QED system
Creators: name: Dimer, F.
name: Estienne, B.
name: Parkins, A. S.
name: Carmichael, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dicke model consisting of an ensemble of two-state atoms interacting with a single quantized mode of the electromagnetic field exhibits a zero-temperature phase transition at a critical value of the dipole coupling strength. We propose a scheme based on multilevel atoms and cavity-mediated Raman transitions to realise an effective Dicke system operating in the phase transition regime. Output light from the cavity carries signatures of the critical behavior which is analyzed for the thermodynamic limit where the number of atoms is very large.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
The synchrotron-self-Compton radiation accompanying shallow decaying X-ray afterglow: the case of GRB 940217
Creators: name: Wei, Da-Ming
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High energy emission (> tens MeV) of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) provides an important clue to understand the physical processes involved in GRBs, which may be correlated with the GRB early afterglow. A shallow decline phase has been well detected in about half {\it Swift} Gamma-ray Burst X-ray afterglows. The widely considered interpretation involves a significant energy injection and possibly time-evolving shock parameter(s). This work we calculate the synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) radiation of such an external forward shock and show that it could explain the well-known long term high energy (i.e., tens MeV to GeV) afterglow of GRB 940217. We propose that the cooperation of Swift and GLAST will help to reveal the nature of GRBs.
description: 11 pages, including 1 figure and 1 table
Tensor interactions in mean-field approaches
Creators: name: Dobaczewski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Basic properties of the nuclear tensor mean fields are reviewed, and their role in changing the shell structure and masses of nuclei is analyzed within the spherical Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov approach.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, Talk presented at the 3rd ANL/MSU/INT/JINA RIA Theory Workshop, Argonne, 4-7 April 2006, to be published in the World Scientific proceedings
Reaction-diffusion processes in a two-level system
Creators: name: Μουρτετζίκογλου, Αθανάσιος Θεοδοσίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Αντίδραση-διάχυση
Πολυεπίπεδο
Χημική κινητική
Reaction-diffusion
Multi-layer
Chemical kinetics

description: The goal of this thesis was to study the behaviour of a reaction-diffusion model in a two-level system. We started from the, already studied upon, cases of bimolecular annihilation reactions in a two-dimensional space, and then transformed this system in two parallel two-dimensional surfaces between which there are connections that allow the movement of particles. We examined the change of behaviour of the system in regards to two variables, the density of the connections and their radius (or angle). We compared this system with the simpler two-dimensional lattices and arrived to conclusion about the phase changes that take place when we change these variables. In the end, we showed results of measurements based on the density over time of the particles, as well as screenshots of the evolution of the system in order to point out phenomena that appear in the reaction-diffusion models.
description: Σκοπός της διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η μελέτη της συμπεριφοράς ενός μοντέλου αντίδρασης-διάχυσης σε ένα σύστημα δύο επιπέδων. Ξεκινήσαμε από τις μελετημένες περιπτώσεις των διμοριακών αντιδράσεων καταστροφής σε ένα διδιάστατο επίπεδο, και στη συνέχεια μετατρέψαμε το σύστημα σε δύο παράλληλα διδιάστατα επίπεδα μεταξύ των οποίων υπάρχουν συνδέσεις που επιτρέπουν την κίνηση των σωματιδίων. Εξετάσαμε την αλλαγή της συμπεριφοράς του συστήματος σε σχέση με δύο μεταβλητές, την πυκνότητα αυτών των συνδέσεων και την ακτίνα (ή γωνία) τους. Κάναμε σύγκριση αυτού του συστήματος με τα απλούστερα του διδιάστατου πλέγματος και εξάγαμε συμπεράσματα για τις αλλαγές φάσης που προκύπτουν στο σύστημα όσο αλλάζουν οι μεταβλητές. Παρουσιάσαμε αποτελέσματα μετρήσεων σχετικών με την πυκνότητα στο χρόνο των σωματιδίων, όπως επίσης και στιγμιότυπα από την εξέλιξη του συστήματος ώστε να γίνουν πιο άμεσα αντιληπτά φαινόμενα που παρουσιάζονται στα μοντέλα αντίδρασης-διάχυσης.
Zero-metallicity hypernova uncovered by an ultra metal-poor star in the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Creators: name: Skúladóttir, Ása
name: Salvadori, Stefania
name: Amarsi, Anish M.
name: Tolstoy, Eline
name: Irwin, Michael J.
name: Hill, Vanessa
name: Jablonka, Pascale
name: Battaglia, Giuseppina
name: Starkenburg, Else
name: Massari, Davide
name: Helmi, Amina
name: Posti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although true metal-free "Population III" stars have so-far escaped discovery, their nature, and that of their supernovae, is revealed in the chemical products left behind in the next generations of stars. Here we report the detection of an ultra-metal poor star in the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy, AS0039. With [Fe/H]$_{\rm LTE}=-4.11$, it is the most metal-poor star so far discovered in any external galaxy. Contrary to the majority of Milky Way stars at this metallicity, AS0039 is clearly not enhanced in carbon, with [C/Fe]$_{\rm LTE}=-0.75$ and A(C)=+3.60, making it the lowest detected carbon abundance in any star to date. It furthermore lacks $α$-element uniformity, having extremely low [Mg/Ca]$_{\rm NLTE}=-0.60$ and [Mg/Ti]$_{\rm NLTE}=-0.86$, in stark contrast with the near solar ratios observed in C-normal stars within the Milky Way halo. The unique abundance pattern indicates that AS0039 formed out of material that was predominantly enriched by a $\sim$20$ M_\odot$ progenitor star with an unusually high explosion energy $E=10\times10^{51}$ erg. The star AS0039 is thus one of the first observational evidence for zero-metallicity hypernovae and provides a unique opportunity to investigate the diverse nature of Population III stars.
description: Accepted in ApJL, 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, and an appendix (1 figure and 3 tables)
Embracing the Disharmony in Medical Imaging: A Simple and Effective Framework for Domain Adaptation
Creators: name: Wang, Rongguang
name: Chaudhari, Pratik
name: Davatzikos, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Domain shift, the mismatch between training and testing data characteristics, causes significant degradation in the predictive performance in multi-source imaging scenarios. In medical imaging, the heterogeneity of population, scanners and acquisition protocols at different sites presents a significant domain shift challenge and has limited the widespread clinical adoption of machine learning models. Harmonization methods which aim to learn a representation of data invariant to these differences are the prevalent tools to address domain shift, but they typically result in degradation of predictive accuracy. This paper takes a different perspective of the problem: we embrace this disharmony in data and design a simple but effective framework for tackling domain shift. The key idea, based on our theoretical arguments, is to build a pretrained classifier on the source data and adapt this model to new data. The classifier can be fine-tuned for intra-site domain adaptation. We can also tackle situations where we do not have access to ground-truth labels on target data; we show how one can use auxiliary tasks for adaptation; these tasks employ covariates such as age, gender and race which are easy to obtain but nevertheless correlated to the main task. We demonstrate substantial improvements in both intra-site domain adaptation and inter-site domain generalization on large-scale real-world 3D brain MRI datasets for classifying Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.
Stochasticity and evolutionary stability
Creators: name: Traulsen, Arne
name: Pacheco, Jorge M.
name: Imhof, Lorens A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In stochastic dynamical systems, different concepts of stability can be obtained in different limits. A particularly interesting example is evolutionary game theory, which is traditionally based on infinite populations, where strict Nash equilibria correspond to stable fixed points that are always evolutionarily stable. However, in finite populations stochastic effects can drive the system away from strict Nash equilibria, which gives rise to a new concept for evolutionary stability. The conventional and the new stability concepts may apparently contradict each other leading to conflicting predictions in large yet finite populations. We show that the two concepts can be derived from the frequency dependent Moran process in different limits. Our results help to determine the appropriate stability concept in large finite populations. The general validity of our findings is demonstrated showing that the same results are valid employing vastly different co-evolutionary processes.
A delta Scuti distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: McNamara, D. H.
name: Clementini, G.
name: Marconi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a well studied delta Scuti star discovered in the LMC. The absolute magnitude of the variable was determined from the PL relation for Galactic delta Scuti stars and from the theoretical modeling of the observed B,V,I light curves. The two methods give distance moduli for the LMC of 18.46+-0.19 and 18.48+-0.15, respectively, for a consistent value of the stellar reddening of E(B-V)=0.08+-0.02. We have also analyzed 24 delta Scuti candidates discovered in the OGLE II survey of the LMC, and 7 variables identified in the open cluster LW 55 and in the galaxy disk by Kaluzny et al. (2003, 2006). We find that the LMC delta Scuti stars define a PL relation whose slope is very similar to that defined by the Galactic delta Scuti variables, and yield a distance modulus for the LMC of 18.50+-0.22 mag. We compare the results obtained from the delta Scuti variables with those derived from the LMC RR Lyrae stars and Cepheids. Within the observational uncertainties, the three groups of pulsating stars yield very similar distance moduli. These moduli are all consistent with the "long" astronomical distance scale for the Large Magellanic Cloud.
description: Accepted for publication on AJ
A unified formulation of splitting-based implicit time integration schemes
Creators: name: González-Pinto, Severiano
name: Hernández-Abreu, Domingo
name: Pérez-Rodríguez, Maria S.
name: Sarshar, Arash
name: Roberts, Steven
name: Sandu, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65L05, 65L07

description: Splitting-based time integration approaches such as fractional steps, alternating direction implicit, operator splitting, and locally one-dimensional methods partition the system of interest into components and solve individual components implicitly in a cost-effective way. This work proposes a unified formulation of splitting time integration schemes in the framework of general-structure additive Runge-Kutta (GARK) methods. Specifically, we develop implicit-implicit (IMIM) GARK schemes, provide the order conditions and stability analysis for this class, and explain their application to partitioned systems of ordinary differential equations. We show that classical splitting methods belong to the IMIM GARK family, and therefore can be studied in this unified framework. New IMIM-GARK splitting methods are developed and tested using parabolic systems.
Γεωχημική μελέτη λιγνιτών και ενδιάμεσων στείρων ενστρώσεων των κοιτασμάτων Πτολεμαΐδας - Αμυνταίου
Creators: name: Σαπουνά, Ελένη Αντωνίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Λιγνίτης Πτολεμαΐδας
Ιχνοστοιχεία
Δείκτης ρύπανσης
Ptolemais Lignite
Trace elements
Pollution index

description: Από τα ορυχεία της λεκάνης Πτολεμαΐδας – Αμυνταίου συλλέχθηκαν συνολικά 77 δείγματα λιγνιτών και των ενδιάμεσων στείρων ενστρώσεων τα οποία αναλύθηκαν με τις μεθόδους XRF και ICP-MS για τον προσδιορισμό των συγκεντρώσεών τους σε κύρια στοιχεία και ιχνοστοιχεία. Επίσης, κρίθηκε σκόπιμο να υπολογιστεί ο δείκτης ρύπανσης κάθε ιχνοστοιχείου σε σύγκριση με τον παγκόσμιο μέσο όρο των ανθράκων [World Coals] αν πρόκειται για λιγνιτικά δείγματα και σε σύγκριση με την μέση σύσταση του φλοιού της γης αν πρόκειται για αργιλικά ή μαργαϊκά δείγματα. Από την ερμηνεία των αποτελεσμάτων προέκυψε ότι τα στοιχεία Au, Ir, Mo, Se, Ta, W, Tb, Ag, Cd, Bi, Be παρουσιάζουν συγκεντρώσεις κάτω από το όριο ανίχνευσης. Τα στοιχεία As, Br, Cs, Hf, Sb, Sc, Th, U, Sm, Eu, Yb, Lu και Sn παρουσιάζουν μέσες τιμές συγκέντρωσης < 10 ppm, ενώ τα στοιχεία Co, Cr, Rb, La, Ce, Nd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Ba, Sr, Y, Zr και V παρουσιάζουν μεγάλες τιμές συγκέντρωσης > 10 ppm. Τα στοιχεία As, Cr, Sb, U, Ni και Sn εμφανίζουν σημαντικό δείκτη ρύπανσης, συγκρινόμενα με τις μέσες συγκεντρώσεις του φλοιού της γης (crustal average) ή των παγκοσμίων ανθράκων παγκοσμίως (world coals), για μαργαϊκό-ασβεστολιθικό ή λιγνιτικό δείγμα, αντιστοίχως. Όσον αφορά τα κύρια στοιχεία, τα δείγματα παρουσιάζουν χαμηλή περιεκτικότητα σε ολικό θείο, MgO και MnO, ενώ οι συγκεντρώσεις CaO στα μαργαϊκά δείγματα είναι υψηλές
description: From the mines of the Ptolemaida-Amyntaio basin, a total of 77 samples of lignite and intermediate sterile layers were collected, which were analyzed by XRF and ICP-MS methods to determine their concentrations in major and trace elements. It was also considered appropriate to calculate the pollution index of each trace element in comparison to the global average of coals [World Coals] in the case of lignite samples and in comparison to the average composition of the earth's crust in the case of clay or marl samples. The interpretation of the results showed that the elements Au, Ir, Mo, Se, Ta, W, Tb, Ag, Cd, Bi, Be present concentrations below the detection limit. The elements As, Br, Cs, Hf, Sb, Sc, Sc, Th, U, Sm, Eu, Yb, Lu and Sn show average concentration values <10 ppm, while the elements Co, Cr, Rb, La, Ce, Nd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Ba, Sr, Y, Zr and V show high concentration values >10 ppm. Elements As, Cr, Sb, U, Ni, and Sn demonstrate significant pollution index, compared to the average concentrations of the earth’s crust or world coals, for a marl-limestone or lignite sample, respectively. As for the major elements, the samples have a low content of total sulfur, MgO and MnO, while the CaO concentrations in the marl samples are high
Additional file 2 of UBIAD1 alleviates ferroptotic neuronal death by enhancing antioxidative capacity by cooperatively restoring impaired mitochondria and Golgi apparatus upon cerebral ischemic/reperfusion insult
Creators: name: Huang, Yan
name: Liu, Jianyang
name: He, Jialin
name: Hu, Zhiping
name: Tan, Fengbo
name: Zhu, Xuelin
name: Yuan, Fulai
name: Jiang, Zheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2. The levels of ROS production in neurons.
Light tracking through ice and water -- Scattering and absorption in heterogeneous media with Photonics
Creators: name: Lundberg, J.
name: Miocinovic, P.
name: Woschnagg, K.
name: Burgess, T.
name: Adams, J.
name: Hundertmark, S.
name: Desiati, P.
name: Niessen, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the field of neutrino astronomy, large volumes of optically transparent matter like glacial ice, lake water, or deep ocean water are used as detector media. Elementary particle interactions are studied using in situ detectors recording time distributions and fluxes of the faint photon fields of Cherenkov radiation generated by ultra-relativistic charged particles, typically muons or electrons. The Photonics software package was developed to determine photon flux and time distributions throughout a volume containing a light source through Monte Carlo simulation. Photons are propagated and time distributions are recorded throughout a cellular grid constituting the simulation volume, and Mie scattering and absorption are realised using wavelength and position dependent parameterisations. The photon tracking results are stored in binary tables for transparent access through ANSI-C and C++ interfaces. For higher-level physics applications, like simulation or reconstruction of particle events, it is then possible to quickly acquire the light yield and time distributions for a pre-specified set of light source and detector properties and geometries without real-time photon propagation. In this paper the Photonics light propagation routines and methodology are presented and applied to the IceCube and Antares neutrino telescopes. The way in which inhomogeneities of the Antarctic glacial ice distort the signatures of elementary particle interactions, and how Photonics can be used to account for these effects, is described.
description: 22 pages, 8 Postscript figures, uses elsart.cls
Tunable pinning in superconducting films with magnetic micro-loops
Creators: name: Silhanek, A. V.
name: Gillijns, W.
name: Moshchalkov, V. V.
name: Metlushko, V.
name: Ilic, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the flux pinning properties of superconductor/magnetic micro-rings lattice hybrid structures. The used open triangular micromagnets represent an eight-fold degree of freedom system, with six polarized and two flux-closure possible states. By conveniently choosing the magnetic state of the underlying rings it is possible to induce different pinning potentials. We show that the magnetic vortex state with minimum stray field produces a weaker pinning in comparison with the polarized states.
Supplementary document for Two-dimensional vector bending sensor based on single excessively tilted fiber grating - 7189326.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Fudan
name: Luo, Bin-bin
name: Wu, Decao
name: Zou, Xue
name: Huang, Ling
name: Huang, Mingjiang
name: Liu, Zhihai
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Proof of the Table 1
Additional file 2 of Atypical deletion of Williams–Beuren syndrome reveals the mechanism of neurodevelopmental disorders
Creators: name: Zhou, Jianrong
name: Zheng, Ying
name: Liang, Guiying
name: Xu, Xiaoli
name: Liu, Jian
name: Chen, Shaoxian
name: Ge, Tongkai
name: Wen, Pengju
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Liu, Xiaoqing
name: Zhuang, Jian
name: Wu, Yueheng
name: Chen, Jimei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Type of cardiovascular diseases in nine WBS patients with atypical deletion.