cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rotating starburst cores in massive galaxies at z=2.5
Creators: name: Tadaki, Ken-ichi
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Nelson, Erica J.
name: Belli, Sirio
name: Schreiber, Natascha M. Förster
name: Genzel, Reinhard
name: Hayashi, Masao
name: Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo
name: Koyama, Yusei
name: Lang, Philipp
name: Lutz, Dieter
name: Shimakawa, Rhythm
name: Tacconi, Linda J.
name: Übler, Hannah
name: Wisnioski, Emily
name: Wuyts, Stijn
name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Lippa, Magdalena
name: Nakanishi, Kouichiro
name: Ikarashi, Soh
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Suzuki, Tomoko L.
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Tanaka, Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spatially resolved ALMA observations of the CO J=3-2 emission line in two massive galaxies at z=2.5 on the star-forming main sequence. Both galaxies have compact dusty star-forming cores with effective radii of Re=1.3 kpc and Re=1.2 kpc in the 870 um continuum emission. The spatial extent of star-forming molecular gas is also compact with Re=1.9 kpc and Re=2.3 kpc, but more extended than the dust emission. Interpreting the observed position-velocity diagrams with dynamical models, we find the starburst cores to be rotation-dominated with the ratio of the maximum rotation velocity to the local velocity dispersion of v/sigma=7.0 (v=386 km/s) and v/sigma_0=4.1 (v=391 km/s). Given that the descendants of these massive galaxies in the local universe are likely ellipticals with v/sigma nearly an order of magnitude lower, the rapidly rotating galaxies would lose significant net angular momentum in the intervening time. The comparisons among dynamical, stellar, gas, and dust mass suggest that the starburst CO-to-H2 conversion factor of alpha_CO=0.8 Msun/(K km/s/pc2) is appropriate in the spatially resolved cores. The dense cores are likely to be formed in extreme environments similar to the central regions of local ultraluminous infrared galaxies. Our work also demonstrates that a combination of medium-resolution CO and high-resolution dust continuum observations is a powerful tool for characterizing the dynamical state of molecular gas in distant galaxies.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
On the normal approximation for random fields via martingale methods
Creators: name: Peligrad, Magda
name: Zhang, Na
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60G10, 60G48

description: We prove a central limit theorem for strictly stationary random fields under a sharp projective condition. The assumption was introduced in the setting of random variables by Maxwell and Woodroofe. Our approach is based on new results for triangular arrays of martingale differences, which have interest in themselves. We provide as applications new results for linear random fields and nonlinear random fields of Volterra-type.
description: 15 pages, Stoch. Proc. Appl. Available online 3 August 2017
Threads of memory: Reviving the ornament of a dead child at the Neolithic village of Ba`ja (Jordan)
Creators: name: Alarashi, Hala
name: Benz, Marion
name: Gresky, Julia
name: Burkhardt, Alice
name: Fischer, Andrea
name: Gourichon, Lionel
name: Gerlitzki, Melissa
name: Manfred, Martin
name: Sakalauskaite, Jorune
name: Gebel, Hans Georg K.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Calcite
subject: Neolithic period
subject: Raw materials
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: In 2018, a well-constructed cist-type grave was discovered at Ba`ja, a Neolithic village (7,400–6,800 BCE) in Southern Jordan. Underneath multiple grave layers, an 8-year-old child was buried in a fetal position. Over 2,500 beads were found on the chest and neck, along with a double perforated stone pendant and a delicately engraved mother-of-pearl ring discovered among the concentration of beads. The first was found behind the neck, and the second on the chest. The meticulous documentation of the bead distribution indicated that the assemblage was a composite ornament that had gradually collapsed, partly due to the burying position. Our aim was to challenge time degradation and to reimagine the initial composition in order to best explore the significance of this symbolic category of material culture, not as mere group of beads, but as an ornamental creation with further aesthetic, artisanal and socioeconomic implications. The reconstruction results exceeded our expectations as it revealed an imposing multi-row necklace of complex structure and attractive design. Through multiple lines of evidence, we suggest that the necklace was created at Ba`ja, although significant parts of beads were made from exotic shells and stones, including fossil amber, an unprecedented material never attested before for this period. The retrieval of such an ornament from life and its attribution to a young dead child highlights the significant social status of this individual. Beyond the symbolic functions related to identity, the necklace is believed to have played a key role in performing the inhumation rituals, understood as a public event gathering families, relatives, and people from other villages. In this sense, the necklace is not seen as belonging completely to the realm of death but rather to the world of the living, materializing a collective memory and shared moments of emotions and social cohesion.
Minimal control power of controlled dense coding and genuine tripartite entanglement
Creators: name: Oh, Changhun
name: Kim, Hoyong
name: Jeong, Kabgyun
name: Jeong, Hyunseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate minimal control power (MCP) for controlled dense coding defined by the channel capacity. We obtain MCPs for extended three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and generalized three-qubit $W$ states. Among those GHZ states, the standard GHZ state is found to maximize the MCP and so does the standard $W$ state among the $W$-type states. We find the lower and upper bounds of the MCP and show for pure states that the lower bound, zero, is achieved if and only if the three-qubit state is biseparable or fully separable. The upper bound is achieved only for the standard GHZ state. Since the MCP is nonzero only when a three-qubit entanglement exists, this quantity may be a good candidate to measure the degree of genuine tripartite entanglement.
description: 9 pages, 2 figure
Analysis of $pp$ and $\bar{p}p$ Elastic Scattering Based on Theoretical Bounds in High-Energy Physics: an Update
Creators: name: Okorokov, V. A.
name: Campos, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous work a novel parametrization was proposed for the $pp$ and $\bar{p}p$ total cross section. Here, results are presented for analysis updated with taken into account the recent data from accelerator experiments as well as from cosmic ray measurements. The analytic parameterizations suggested within axiomatic quantum field theory (AQFT) provide the quantitative description of energy dependence of global scattering observables with robust values of fit parameters. Based on the fit results the estimations are derived for the total cross section and the $ρ$ parameter in elastic $pp$ scattering at various $\sqrt{s}$ up to energy frontier $\sqrt{s}=10$ PeV which can be useful for present and future hadron colliders as well as for cosmic ray measurements at ultra-high energies.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures and 3 tables
Renyi Differential Privacy
Creators: name: Mironov, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a natural relaxation of differential privacy based on the Renyi divergence. Closely related notions have appeared in several recent papers that analyzed composition of differentially private mechanisms. We argue that the useful analytical tool can be used as a privacy definition, compactly and accurately representing guarantees on the tails of the privacy loss. We demonstrate that the new definition shares many important properties with the standard definition of differential privacy, while additionally allowing tighter analysis of composite heterogeneous mechanisms.
Cittadinanza. Inclusi ed esclusi tra gli antichi e i moderni
Creators: name: de Luise, Fulvia
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Trento
Year: 2018

description: Il volume raccoglie in gran parte i contributi al Seminario di studio Cittadinanza: chi � incluso e chi no, per gli antichi e i moderni (Trento, 22-23 febbraio 2017) e ne ripropone gli intenti: realizzare un confronto sul tema della cittadinanza, con un taglio interdisciplinare e temporalmente trasversale. Ripartire dai Greci e dalla loro esperienza della democrazia non � un semplice omaggio al tempo e al luogo in cui ha avuto origine un patrimonio di idee. C?� nel dibattito antico una forte consapevolezza di quanto il riconoscimento della cittadinanza caratterizzi un ordine politico, esprimendo la condivisione di un determinato sistema della legalit� e producendo negli individui un effetto identitario; allo stesso tempo, l?idea di cittadinanza risulta equivoca come canone di appartenenza e si presta a declinazioni in ordine a valori divergenti. La modernit�, che � stata chiamata da Bobbio �l?et� dei diritti�, non scioglie le ambiguit� dell?idea di cittadinanza, che si ripropongono in termini di conflitto in ognuno dei grandi momenti rivoluzionari, che pure hanno segnato le tappe di un percorso progressivo verso la pi� ampia apertura democratica. Il confronto sul tema della cittadinanza tra antichi e moderni, tra antichi e noi, si mantiene ad alti livelli di interesse proprio perch� evidenzia questioni irrisolte nella discussione ricorrente dei criteri per distinguere chi pu� essere cittadino e chi � escluso. Dal mito dell?autoctonia degli Ateniesi ai dibattiti di Putney sulla rilevanza della propriet� per identificare il vero cittadino, dallo jus sanguinis allo jus soli, la questione della cittadinanza domanda di essere sciolta con un atto di consapevolezza politica: perch� decidere dove passa il confine dell?inclusione non � solo l?atto costitutivo di una comunit�, ma la dichiarazione della forma di giustizia di cui tale comunit� si fa garante. Anche in un mondo come il nostro, dove molte frontiere sono divenute permeabili, ma la questione identitaria pu� riproporsi nelle forme pi� arcaiche e irriflesse dell?appartenenza, senza diventare oggetto di seria considerazione nel dibattito pubblico.
Estimated incubation period distributions of mpox using cases from two international European festivals and outbreaks in a club in Berlin, May to June 2022
Creators: name: McFarland, Sarah E.
name: Marcus, Ulrich
name: Hemmers, Lukas
name: Miura, Fuminari
name: Martínez, Jesús Iñigo
name: Martínez, Fernando Martín
name: Montalbán, Elisa Gil
name: Chazelle, Emilie
name: Mailles, Alexandra
name: Bartel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mpox
subject: incubation period distributions
subject: estimation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Background Since May 2022, an mpox outbreak affecting primarily men who have sex with men (MSM) has occurred in numerous non-endemic countries worldwide. As MSM frequently reported multiple sexual encounters in this outbreak, reliably determining the time of infection is difficult; consequently, estimation of the incubation period is challenging. Aim We aimed to provide valid and precise estimates of the incubation period distribution of mpox by using cases associated with early outbreak settings where infection likely occurred. Methods Colleagues in European countries were invited to provide information on exposure intervals and date of symptom onset for mpox cases who attended a fetish festival in Antwerp, Belgium, a gay pride festival in Gran Canaria, Spain or a particular club in Berlin, Germany, where early mpox outbreaks occurred. Cases of these outbreaks were pooled; doubly censored models using the log-normal, Weibull and Gamma distributions were fitted to estimate the incubation period distribution. Results We included data on 122 laboratory-confirmed cases from 10 European countries. Depending on the distribution used, the median incubation period ranged between 8 and 9 days, with 5th and 95th percentiles ranging from 2 to 3 and from 20 to 23 days, respectively. The shortest interval that included 50% of incubation periods spanned 8 days (4–11 days). Conclusion Current public health management of close contacts should consider that in approximately 5% of cases, the incubation period exceeds the commonly used monitoring period of 21 days.
Local Large Deviations: McMillian Theorem for multitype Galton-Watson Processes
Creators: name: Doku-Amponsah, Kwabena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A15, 94A15, 94A24, 60F10, 05C80

description: In this article we prove a local large deviation principle (LLDP) for the critical multitype Galton-Watson process from spectral potential point. We define the so-called a spectral potential $U_{\skrik}(\,\cdot,\,π)$ for the Galton-Watson process, where $π$ is the normalized eigen vector corresponding to the leading \emph{Perron-Frobenius eigen value } $\1$ of the transition matrix $\skria(\cdot,\,\cdot)$ defined from ${\skrik},$ the transition kernel. We show that the Kullback action or the deviation function, $J(π,ρ),$ with respect to an empirical offspring measure, $ρ,$ is the Legendre dual of $U_{\skrik}(\,\cdot,\,π).$ From the LLDP we deduce a conditional large deviation principle and a weak variant of the classical McMillian Theorem for the multitype Galton-Watson process. To be specific, given any empirical offspring measure $\varpi,$ we show that the number of critical multitype Galton-Watson processes on $n$ vertices is approximately $e^{n\langle \skrih_{\varpi},\,π\rangle},$ where $\skrih_{\varpi}$ is a suitably defined entropy.
description: 8 pages
Susy breaking soft terms in the supersymmetric Pati-Salam landscape from Intersecting D6-Branes
Creators: name: Sabir, Mudassar
name: Mansha, Adeel
name: Li, Tianjun
name: Wang, Zhi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the supersymmetry breaking soft terms for all the viable models in the complete landscape of three-family supersymmetric Pati-Salam models arising from intersecting D6-branes on a $\mathbb{T}^6/(\mathbb{Z}_2\times \mathbb{Z}_2)$ orientifold in type IIA string theory. The calculations are performed in the general scenario of $u$-moduli dominance with the $s$-moduli turned on, where the soft terms remain independent of the Yukawa couplings and the Wilson lines. The results for the trilinear coupling, gaugino-masses, squared-mass parameters of squarks, sleptons and Higgs depend on the brane wrapping numbers and the susy breaking parameters. We find that unlike the Yukawa couplings which remain unchanged for the models dual under the exchange of two SU(2) sectors, the corresponding soft term parameters only match for the trilinear coupling and the mass of the gluino. This can be explained by the internal geometry where the Yukawa interactions depend only on the triangular areas of the worldsheet instantons while the soft terms have an additional dependence on the orientation-angles of D6-branes in the three two-tori. In the special limit of parameter space we find universal masses for the Higgs and the gauginos.
description: 61 pages + appendix, 18 figures, accepted in JHEP
Host–pathogen associations revealed by genotyping of European strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum to describe natural endemic cycles
Creators: name: Fröhlich, Julia
name: Fischer, Susanne
name: Bauer, Benjamin
name: Hamel, Dietmar
name: Kohn, Barbara
name: Ahlers, Marion
name: Obiegala, Anna
name: Overzier, Evelyn
name: Pfeffer, Martin
name: Pfister, Kurt
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Anaplasma phagocytophilum
subject: Epidemiological cycles
subject: Host-variant combinations
subject: Sequence networks
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background The zoonotic intracellular alpha-proteobacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-transmitted pathogen. The associations between vertebrate reservoirs and vectors are described as wide-ranging, and it was previously shown that the pathogenicity of A. phagocytophilum differs depending on the combination of pathogen variant and infected host species. This leads to the question of whether there are variations in particular gene loci associated with different virulence. Therefore, this study aims at clarifying existing host-variant combinations and detecting possible reservoir hosts. To understand these interactions, a complex toolset for molecular epidemiology, phylogeny and network theory was applied. Methods Sequences of up to four gene loci (msp4, msp2, groEL and 16S rRNA) were evaluated for different isolates from variable host species, including, for example, dogs, cattle and deer. Variant typing was conducted for each gene locus individually, and combinations of different gene loci were analysed to gain more detailed information about the genetic plasticity of A. phagocytophilum. Results were displayed as minimum spanning nets and correlation nets. Results The highest diversity of variants for all gene loci was observed in roe deer. In cattle, a reduced number of variants for 16S rRNA [only 16S-20(W) and 16S-22(Y)] but multiple variants of msp4 and groEL were found. For dogs, two msp4 variants [m4-20 and m4-2(B/C)] were found to be linked to different variants of the other three gene loci, creating two main combinations of gene loci variants. Cattle are placed centrally in the minimum spanning net analyses, indicating a crucial role in the transmission cycles by possibly bridging the vector-wildlife cycle to infections of humans and domestic animals. The minimum spanning nets confirmed previously described epidemiological cycles of the bacterium in Europe, showing separation of variants originating from wildlife animals only and a set of variants shared by wild and domestic animals. Conclusions In this comprehensive study of 1280 sequences, we found a high number of gene variants only occurring in specific hosts. Additionally, different hosts show unique but also shared variant combinations. The use of our four gene loci expand the knowledge of host–pathogen interactions and may be a starting point to predict future spread and infection risks of A. phagocytophilum in Europe.
Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation Enables Top-Down Characterization of Membrane Protein Complexes and G Protein-Coupled Receptors
Creators: name: Lutomski, Corinne A.
name: El-Baba, Tarick J.
name: Hinkle, Joshua D.
name: Liko, Idlir
name: Bennett, Jack L.
name: Kalmankar, Neha V.
name: Kirschbaum, Carla
name: Greis, Kim
name: Urner, Leonhard H.
name: Pagel, Kevin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Infrared Multiphoton Dissociation
subject: Mass Spectrometry
subject: Membrane Proteins
subject: Tandem Mass Spectrometry
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Membrane proteins are challenging to analyze by native mass spectrometry (MS) as their hydrophobic nature typically requires stabilization in detergent micelles that are removed prior to analysis via collisional activation. There is however a practical limit to the amount of energy which can be applied, which often precludes subsequent characterization by top-down MS. To overcome this barrier, we have applied a modified Orbitrap Eclipse Tribrid mass spectrometer coupled to an infrared laser within a high-pressure linear ion trap. We show how tuning the intensity and time of incident photons enables liberation of membrane proteins from detergent micelles. Specifically, we relate the ease of micelle removal to the infrared absorption of detergents in both condensed and gas phases. Top-down MS via infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD), results in good sequence coverage enabling unambiguous identification of membrane proteins and their complexes. By contrasting and comparing the fragmentation patterns of the ammonia channel with two class A GPCRs, we identify successive cleavage of adjacent amino acids within transmembrane domains. Using gas-phase molecular dynamics simulations, we show that areas prone to fragmentation maintain aspects of protein structure at increasing temperatures. Altogether, we propose a rationale to explain why and where in the protein fragment ions are generated.
Phasic left atrial strain to predict worsening of diastolic function: Results from the prospective Berlin Female Risk Evaluation follow-up trial
Creators: name: Brand, Anna
name: Romero Dorta, Elena
name: Wolf, Adrian
name: Blaschke-Waluga, Daniela
name: Seeland, Ute
name: Crayen, Claudia
name: Bischoff, Sven
name: Mattig, Isabel
name: Dreger, Henryk
name: Stangl, Karl
name: Regitz-Zagrosek, Vera
name: Landmesser, Ulf
name: Knebel, Fabian
name: Stangl, Verena
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: left atrial strain
subject: diastolic dysfunction
subject: left atrium
subject: LAVI
subject: BEFRI
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: The predictive value of maximum left atrial volume index (LAVI), phasic left atrial strain (LAS) and other standard echocardiographic parameters assessing left ventricular (LV) diastolic function to discriminate a future worsening of diastolic function (DD) in patients at risk is unclear. We aimed to prospectively assess and compare the clinical impact of these parameters in a randomly selected study sample of the general urban female population. Methods and results: A comprehensive clinical and echocardiographic evaluation was performed in 256 participants of the Berlin Female Risk Evaluation (BEFRI) trial after a mean follow up time of 6.8 years. After an assessment of participants' current DD status, the predictive impact of an impaired LAS on the course of DD was assessed and compared with LAVI and other DD parameters using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Subjects with no DD (DD0) who showed a decline of diastolic function by the time of follow-up showed a reduced LA reservoir (LASr) and conduit strain (LAScd) compared to subjects who remained in the healthy range (LASr 28.0% +/- 7.0 vs. 41.9% +/- 8.5; LAScd -13.2% +/- 5.1 vs. -25.4% +/- 9.1; p < 0.001). With an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.88 (95%CI 0.82-0.94) and 0.84 (95%CI 0.79-0.89), LASr and LAScd exhibited the highest discriminative value in predicting worsening of diastolic function, whereas LAVI was only of limited prognostic value [AUC 0.63 (95%CI 0.54-0.73)]. In logistic regression analyses, LAS remained a significant predictor for a decline of diastolic function after controlling for clinical and standard echocardiographic DD parameters, indicating its incremental predictive value. Conclusion: The analysis of phasic LAS may be useful to predict worsening of LV diastolic function in DD0 patients at risk for a future DD development.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Base Station ON-OFF Switching in 5G Wireless Networks: Approaches and Challenges
Creators: name: Feng, Mingjie
name: Mao, Shiwen
name: Jiang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To achieve the expected 1000x data rates under the exponential growth of traffic demand, a large number of base stations (BS) or access points (AP) will be deployed in the fifth generation (5G) wireless systems, to support high data rate services and to provide seamless coverage. Although such BSs are expected to be small-scale with lower power, the aggregated energy consumption of all BSs would be remarkable, resulting in increased environmental and economic concerns. In existing cellular networks, turning off the under-utilized BSs is an efficient approach to conserve energy while preserving the quality of service (QoS) of mobile users. However, in 5G systems with new physical layer techniques and the highly heterogeneous network architecture, new challenges arise in the design of BS ON-OFF switching strategies. In this article, we begin with a discussion on the inherent technical challenges of BS ON-OFF switching. We then provide a comprehensive review of recent advances on switching mechanisms in different application scenarios. Finally, we present open research problems and conclude the paper.
description: Appear to IEEE Wireless Communications, 2017
Mystery of fatal ‘staggering disease’ unravelled: novel rustrela virus causes severe meningoencephalomyelitis in domestic cats
Creators: name: Matiasek, Kaspar
name: Pfaff, Florian
name: Weissenböck, Herbert
name: Wylezich, Claudia
name: Kolodziejek, Jolanta
name: Tengstrand, Sofia
name: Ecke, Frauke
name: Nippert, Sina
name: Starcky, Philip
name: Mundhenk, Lars
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurological disorders
subject: Virology
subject: domestic cats
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: ‘Staggering disease’ is a neurological disease entity considered a threat to European domestic cats (Felis catus) for almost five decades. However, its aetiology has remained obscure. Rustrela virus (RusV), a relative of rubella virus, has recently been shown to be associated with encephalitis in a broad range of mammalian hosts. Here, we report the detection of RusV RNA and antigen by metagenomic sequencing, RT-qPCR, in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in brain tissues of 27 out of 29 cats with non-suppurative meningoencephalomyelitis and clinical signs compatible with’staggering disease’ from Sweden, Austria, and Germany, but not in non-affected control cats. Screening of possible reservoir hosts in Sweden revealed RusV infection in wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus). Our work indicates that RusV is the long-sought cause of feline ‘staggering disease’. Given its reported broad host spectrum and considerable geographic range, RusV may be the aetiological agent of neuropathologies in further mammals, possibly even including humans.
CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for neurodegenerative diseases
Creators: name: Nouri Nojadeh, Jafar
name: Bildiren Eryılmaz, Nur Seren
name: Ergüder, Berrin İmge
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: gene editing
neurodegenerative disorders
CRISPR/Cas9
Alzheimer’s disease
Parkinson’s disease
Huntington’s disease
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Spinocerebellar ataxia

description: Gene therapy has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for various conditions, including blood dis-orders, ocular disease, cancer, and nervous system disorders. The advent of gene editing techniques has facilitated the ability of researchers to specifically target and modify the eukaryotic cell genome, making it a valuable tool for gene therapy. This can be performed through either in vivo or ex vivo approaches. Gene editing tools, such as zinc finger nucleases, transcription activator-like effector nucleases, and CRISPR-Cas-associated nucleases, can be employed for gene therapy purposes. Among these tools, CRISPR-Cas-based gene editing stands out because of its ability to introduce heritable genome changes by designing short guide RNAs. This review aims to provide an overview of CRISPR-Cas technology and summarizes the latest research on the application of CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology for the treatment of the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Hunting-ton’s disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Spinocerebellar ataxia.
description: EXCLI Journal; 22:Doc567; ISSN 1611-2156
Study of jet quenching with Z+jet correlations in PbPb and pp collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of jets in association with Z bosons, reconstructed via the mu+mu- and e+e- decay channels, is studied in pp and, for the first time, in PbPb collisions. Both data samples were collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The PbPb collisions were analyzed in the 0-30% centrality range. The back-to-back azimuthal alignment was studied in both pp and PbPb collisions for Z bosons with transverse momentum p[tz] > 60 GeV/c and a recoiling jet with p[tj] > 30 GeV/c. The pt imbalance, x[jz] = p[tj] / p[tz], as well as the average number of jet partners per Z, R[jz], were studied in intervals of p[tz], in both pp and PbPb collisions. The R[jz] is found to be smaller in PbPb than in pp collisions, which suggests that in PbPb collisions a larger fraction of partons, associated with the Z bosons, lose energy and fall below the 30 GeV/c p[tj] threshold.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplemental figures, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-15-013
Estimating Sparse Signals Using Integrated Wideband Dictionaries
Creators: name: Butsenko, Maksim
name: Swärd, Johan
name: Jakobsson, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a wideband dictionary framework for estimating sparse signals. By formulating integrated dictionary elements spanning bands of the considered parameter space, one may efficiently find and discard large parts of the parameter space not active in the signal. After each iteration, the zero-valued parts of the dictionary may be discarded to allow a refined dictionary to be formed around the active elements, resulting in a zoomed dictionary to be used in the following iterations. Implementing this scheme allows for more accurate estimates, at a much lower computational cost, as compared to directly forming a larger dictionary spanning the whole parameter space or performing a zooming procedure using standard dictionary elements. Different from traditional dictionaries, the wideband dictionary allows for the use of dictionaries with fewer elements than the number of available samples without loss of resolution. The technique may be used on both one- and multi-dimensional signals, and may be exploited to refine several traditional sparse estimators, here illustrated with the LASSO and the SPICE estimators. Numerical examples illustrate the improved performance.
The nuclear configurational entropy impact parameter dependence in the Color-Glass Condensate
Creators: name: Karapetyan, Gayane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact parameter (b) dependence on the saturation scale, in the framework of the Color Glass Condensate (b-CGC) dipole model, is investigated from the configurational point of view. During the calculations and analysis of the quantum nuclear states, the critical points of stability in the configurational entropy setup are computed, matching the experimental parameters that define the onset of the quantum regime in the b-CGC in the literature with very good accuracy. This new approach is crucial and important for understanding the stability of quantum systems in study of deep inelastic scattering processes.
description: 5 pages, 2 figs, published version
The properties of energetically unbound stars in stellar clusters
Creators: name: Claydon, Ian
name: Gieles, Mark
name: Zocchi, Alice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several Milky Way star clusters show a roughly flat velocity dispersion profile at large radii, which is not expected from models with a tidal cut-off energy. Possible explanations for this excess velocity include: the effects of a dark matter halo, modified gravity theories and energetically unbound stars inside of clusters. These stars are known as potential escapers (PEs) and can exist indefinitely within clusters which are on circular orbits. Through a series of N-body simulations of star cluster systems, where we vary the galactic potential, orbital eccentricity and stellar mass function, we investigate the properties of the PEs and their effects on the kinematics. We derive a prediction for the scaling of the velocity dispersion at the Jacobi surface due to PEs, as a function of cluster mass, angular velocity of the cluster orbit, and slope of the mass profile of the host galaxy. We see a tentative signal of the mass and orbital velocity dependence in kinematic data of globular clusters from literature. We also find that the fraction of PEs depends sensitively on the galactic mass profile, reaching as high as 40% in the cusp of a Navarro-Frenk-White profile and as the velocity anisotropy also depends on the slope of the galactic mass profile, we conclude that PEs provide an independent way of inferring the properties of the dark matter mass profile at the galactic radius of (globular) clusters in the Gaia era.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures, MNRAS, updated to match final journal style
Gate-tunable nonlocal Josephson effect through magnetic van der Waals bilayers
Creators: name: Bobkov, G. A.
name: Rabinovich, D. S.
name: Bobkov, A. M.
name: Bobkova, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well-known that the proximity effect at superconductor/ferromagnet (S/F) interfaces produces damped oscillatory behavior of the Cooper pair wave function within the ferromagnetic regions, which is analogous to the inhomogeneous Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superconductivity. It is often called the mesoscopic FFLO state and gives rise to $0-π$-transitions in S/F/S Josephson junctions. This paper offers an analysis of the proximity effect at interfaces between superconductors and magnetic van der Waals (vdW) bilayers. The specific feature of the proximity effect in the vdW bilayer systems is the presence of non-local Cooper pairs. We predict that the mesoscopic FFLO state formed by such pairs is sensitive to the difference between on-site energies of the monolayers composing the bilayer and, thus, can be controlled by applying a gating potential to one of the monolayers. This opens the possibility of implementing gate-controlled $0-π$ transitions in Josephson junctions through the magnetic vdW bilayer weak links.
Regional pollen-based Holocene temperature and precipitation patterns depart from the Northern Hemisphere mean trends
Creators: name: Herzschuh, Ulrike
name: Böhmer, Thomas
name: Chevalier, Manuel
name: Hebert, Raphael
name: Dallmeyer, Anne
name: Li, Chenzhi
name: Cao, Xianyong
name: Peyron, Odile
name: Nazarova, Larisa
name: Tarasov, Pavel E.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: pollen-based Holocene temperature
subject: precipitation patterns
subject: Northern Hemisphere mean trends
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: A mismatch between model- and proxy-based Holocene climate change, known as the “Holocene conundrum”, may partially originate from the poor spatial coverage of climate reconstructions in, for example, Asia, limiting the number of grid cells for model–data comparisons. Here we investigate hemispheric, latitudinal, and regional mean time series and time-slice anomaly maps of pollen-based reconstructions of mean annual temperature, mean July temperature, and annual precipitation from 1908 records in the Northern Hemisphere extratropics. Temperature trends show strong latitudinal patterns and differ between (sub-)continents. While the circum-Atlantic regions in Europe and eastern North America show a pronounced Middle Holocene temperature maximum, western North America shows only weak changes, and Asia mostly shows a continuous Holocene temperature increase. Likewise, precipitation trends show certain regional peculiarities such as the pronounced Middle Holocene precipitation maximum between 40 and 50∘ N in Asia and Holocene increasing trends in Europe and western North America, which can all be linked with Holocene changes in the regional circulation pattern responding to temperature change. Given a background of strong regional heterogeneity, we conclude that the calculation of global or hemispheric means, which initiated the Holocene conundrum debate, should focus more on understanding the spatiotemporal patterns and their regional drivers.
Completeness and absolute $H$-closedness of topological semilattices
Creators: name: Banakh, Taras
name: Bardyla, Serhii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A26, 54D30, 54D35, 54H12

description: We find (completeness type) conditions on topological semilattices $X,Y$ guaranteeing that each continuous homomorphism $h:X\to Y$ has closed image $h(X)$ in $Y$.
description: 12 pages
Experimental observation of curved light-cones in a quantum field simulator
Creators: name: Tajik, Mohammadamin
name: Gluza, Marek
name: Sebe, Nicolas
name: Schüttelkopf, Philipp
name: Cataldini, Federica
name: Sabino, João
name: Møller, Frederik
name: Guarnieri, Giacomo
name: Sotiriadis, Spyros
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: quantum simulation
subject: curved metrics
subject: light-cones
subject: ultracold atomic gases
subject: quantum fields
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We investigate signal propagation in a quantum field simulator of the Klein–Gordon model realized by two strongly coupled parallel one-dimensional quasi-condensates. By measuring local phononic fields after a quench, we observe the propagation of correlations along sharp light-cone fronts. If the local atomic density is inhomogeneous, these propagation fronts are curved. For sharp edges, the propagation fronts are reflected at the system’s boundaries. By extracting the space-dependent variation of the front velocity from the data, we find agreement with theoretical predictions based on curved geodesics of an inhomogeneous metric. This work extends the range of quantum simulations of nonequilibrium field dynamics in general space–time metrics.
Digital infrastructures for sustainable consumption - presentation at the SRI Congress 2023 in Panama city
Creators: name: Dulsrud, Arne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: sustainable consumption
sustainable consumption and production
sri congress
belmont forum
disco project

description: PPT from the SRI Congress of 2023 in Panama city, arranged by the Belmont SSCP secretariat 28 June 2023
Final assembly of Gondwana enhances crustal metal (HREE and U) endowment
Creators: name: Liu, P.
name: Gleeson, Sarah A.
name: Cook, N. J.
name: Lehmann, B.
name: Zhao, C.
name: Yao, W.
name: Bao, Z. A.
name: Wu, S. T.
name: Tian, Y. F.
name: Mao, J. W.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: xenotime U-Pb dating
subject: heavy rare earths
subject: crust metal endowment
subject: south China
subject: Gondwana assembly
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The South China Block hosts a variety of U and HREE mineralisation styles. The Yushui Cu deposit is located at a sedimentary unconformity and is enriched in HREEs and U. U-Pb ages of uraninite and xenotime indicate that the HREE mineralisation is epigenetic and formed at ca. 223 ± 1 Ma. Ore petrography, elemental mapping, and Nd isotope data suggest that HREEs and U were leached from the footwall sandstone and transported to the Cu deposit via oxidised basinal brines. U-Pb ages of detrital xenotime and zircon from the sandstone show that this sedimentary sequence was mainly derived from Silurian S-type granites, which were emplaced during Gondwana amalgamation. Rapid erosion formed clastic sedimentary rocks that contain accessory HREE-U minerals which could be remobilised by younger mineralising events. S-type granite magmatism during the final assembly of Gondwana established the crustal metal reservoir which was repeatedly tapped over geological history, including the modern formation of regolith hosted HREE deposits in South China. Given the global distribution of analogous S-type granites in other terranes globally, our study has exploration implications outside of China. This will be enlightening for finding new HREE deposits, which is vital to support the transition to a low carbon footprint energy.
Ultrasensitive Inverse Weak-Value Tilt Meter
Creators: name: Martínez-Rincón, Julián
name: Mullarkey, Christopher A.
name: Viza, Gerardo I.
name: Liu, Wei-Tao
name: Howell, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an interferometric technique for measuring ultra-small tilts. The information of a tilt in one of the mirrors of a modified Sagnac interferometer is carried by the phase difference between the counter propagating laser beams. Using a small misalignment of the interferometer, orthogonal to the plane of the tilt, a bimodal (or two-fringe) pattern is induced in the beam's transverse power distribution. By tracking the mean of such a distribution, using a split detector, a sensitive measurement of the phase is performed. With 1.2 mW of continuous-wave laser power, the technique has a shot noise limited sensitivity of 56 frad/$\sqrt{\mbox{Hz}}$, and a measured noise floor of 200 frad/$\sqrt{\mbox{Hz}}$ for tilt frequencies above 2 Hz. A tilt of 200 frad corresponds to a differential displacement of 4.0 fm in our setup. The novelty of the protocol relies on signal amplification due to the misalignment, and on good performance at low frequencies. A noise floor of about 70 prad/$\sqrt{\mbox{Hz}}$ is observed between 2 and 100 mHz.
Recent advances in availability and synthesis of the economic costs of biological invasions
Creators: name: Ahmed, Danish A.
name: Haubrock, Phillip J.
name: Cuthbert, Ross N.
name: Bang, Alok
name: Soto, Ismael
name: Balzani, Paride
name: Tarkan, Ali Serhan
name: Macêdo, Rafael L.
name: Carneiro, Laís
name: Bodey, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: environmental management
subject: guiding policy
subject: InvaCost
subject: invasive alien species
subject: economic impacts
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Biological invasions are a global challenge that has received insufficient attention. Recently available cost syntheses have provided policy- and decision makers with reliable and up-to-date information on the economic impacts of biological invasions, aiming to motivate effective management. The resultant InvaCost database is now publicly and freely accessible and enables rapid extraction of monetary cost information. This has facilitated knowledge sharing, developed a more integrated and multidisciplinary network of researchers, and forged multidisciplinary collaborations among diverse organizations and stakeholders. Over 50 scientific publications so far have used the database and have provided detailed assessments of invasion costs across geographic, taxonomic, and spatiotemporal scales. These studies have provided important information that can guide future policy and legislative decisions on the management of biological invasions while simultaneously attracting public and media attention. We provide an overview of the improved availability, reliability, standardization, and defragmentation of monetary costs; discuss how this has enhanced invasion science as a discipline; and outline directions for future development.
Spaser quenching by off-resonant plasmon modes
Creators: name: Petrosyan, L. S.
name: Shahbazyan, T. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of off-resonant plasmon modes on spaser threshold in nanoparticle-based spasers. We develop an analytical semiclassical model and derive spaser threshold condition accounting for gain coupling to higher-order plasmons. We show that such a coupling originates from inhomogeneity of gain distribution near the metal surface and leads to an upward shift of spaser frequency and population inversion threshold. This effect is similar, albeit significantly weaker, to quenching of plasmon-enhanced fluorescence near metal nanostructures due to excitation of off-resonant modes with wide spectral band. We also show that spaser quenching is suppressed for high gain concentrations and establish a simple criterion for quenching onset, which we support by numerical calculations for spherical geometry.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures