cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stochastic extensions of the regularized Schrödinger-Newton equation
Creators: name: Nimmrichter, Stefan
name: Hornberger, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Schrödinger-Newton equation, which describes the nonlinear time evolution of self-gravitating quantum matter, can be made compatible with the no-signaling requirement by elevating it to a stochastic differential equation. In the deterministic form of the equation, as studied so far, the nonlinearity would lead to diverging energy corrections for localized wave packets and would create observable correlations admitting faster-than-light communication. By regularizing the divergencies and adding specific random jumps or a specific Brownian noise process, the effect of the nonlinearity vanishes in the stochastic average and gives rise to a linear and Galilean invariant evolution of the density operator.
description: 12 pages, minor corrections, equivalent to published version
presentations Course Modules -Digitel Pro IO2- Synchronous Hybrid Teaching and Learning
Creators: name: Annelies, Raes
name: Van De Plas Frederik,
name: Pieters Marieke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: the presentations connected to each synchronous hybrid session within the different modules of the Course on Synchronous Hybrid teaching (DigitelPro I02)
Order 3 Symmetry in the Clifford Hierarchy
Creators: name: Bengtsson, Ingemar
name: Blanchfield, Kate
name: Campbell, Earl
name: Howard, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the action of the first three levels of the Clifford hierarchy on sets of mutually unbiased bases comprising the Ivanovic MUB and the Alltop MUBs. Vectors in the Alltop MUBs exhibit additional symmetries when the dimension is a prime number equal to 1 modulo 3 and thus the set of all Alltop vectors splits into three Clifford orbits. These vectors form configurations with so-called Zauner subspaces, eigenspaces of order 3 elements of the Clifford group highly relevant to the SIC problem. We identify Alltop vectors as the magic states that appear in the context of fault-tolerant universal quantum computing, wherein the appearance of distinct Clifford orbits implies a surprising inequivalence between some magic states.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures. Published version
Stable isotopy in four dimensions
Creators: name: Auckly, Dave
name: Kim, Hee Jung
name: Melvin, Paul
name: Ruberman, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R55 (Primary), 57N13, 57R52 (Secondary)

description: We construct infinite families of topologically isotopic but smoothly distinct knotted spheres in many simply connected 4-manifolds that become smoothly isotopic after stabilizing by connected summing with $S^2 \times S^2$, and as a consequence, analogous families of diffeomorphisms and metrics of positive scalar curvature for such 4-manifolds. We also construct families of smoothly distinct links, all of whose corresponding proper sublinks are smoothly isotopic, that become smoothly isotopic after stabilizing.
description: 24 pages; many color figures; Updated version: 25 pages; minor expository changes; to appear in Journal London Mathematical Society
Quantum metrology with unitary parametrization processes
Creators: name: Liu, Jing
name: Jing, Xiaoxing
name: Wang, Xiaoguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Fisher information is a central quantity in quantum metrology. We discuss an alternative representation of quantum Fisher information for unitary parametrization processes. The highlight of this representation is that all information of parametrization transformation, i.e., the entire dynamical information, is totally involved in a Hermitian operator H. Utilizing this representation, quantum Fisher information is only determined by H and the initial state. We apply this representation in a collective spin system and show the specific expression of H. For a simple case, a spin-half system, the quantum Fisher information is given and the optimal states to access maximum quantum Fisher information are found. Furthermore, for an exponential form initial state, an analytical expression of quantum Fisher information by H operator is provided. The multiparameter quantum metrology is also considered and discussed utilizing this representation in the last.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
title: Kooperationen italienischsprachiger Eliten auf den Großbaustellen der Habsburgermonarchie
Creators: name: Thenner, Andrea
Year: 2021

description: Industrieller Fortschritt und Migration prägten das 19. Jahrhundert. In diesem Spannungsfeld ist auch diese Masterarbeit angesiedelt, indem sie italienischsprachige Migration, insbesondere die von Eliten im Bauwesen, in der Habsburgermonarchie im 19. Jahrhundert behandelt. Die Forschungsfrage dazu lautet: Wie gestaltete sich die Zusammenarbeit italienischsprachiger Eliten auf den Großbaustellen der Habsburgermonarchie während des 19. Jahrhunderts? Die Kooperation der Ingenieure Ermenegildo Francesconi, Luigi Negrelli, Carlo Ghega und des Unternehmers Antonio Tallachini wird als Beispiel herangezogen. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Vernetzung dieser Männer zu analysieren und zu zeigen, welche Rolle dabei Migration und gemeinsame Herkunft spielten. Anhand bereits existenter Darstellungen in der Forschungsliteratur sowie durch Quellenmaterial wie Briefe und ausgewählte Zeitungsartikel werden die Kommunikationsstrukturen der vier Männer analysiert. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Francesconi, Negrelli, Ghega und Tallachini innerhalb des Infrastrukturbaus als Netzwerk agierten und es kein Zufall war, dass sie im Laufe ihrer Karrieren bei denselben Projekten oder innerhalb derselben Institutionen tätig waren. Zudem kann durch methodische Ansätze der historischen Netzwerkforschung festgestellt werden, dass das Netzwerk dieser Männer einem Wandel unterlag und sie zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten in unterschiedlichen Konstellationen zusammenarbeiteten. Ihre gemeinsame Herkunft spielte insofern eine Rolle, als dass erste Kooperationen bereits vor der Auswanderung aus den norditalienischen Gebieten erfolgten und auch die sprachliche Komponente ausschlaggebend war. Außerdem wird das Netzwerk dieser Männer in Zusammenhang mit dem historischen Kontext diskutiert, wobei festgestellt werden kann, dass die norditalienischen Gebiete zu Beginn des 19. Jahrhunderts im Straßenbau durchaus fortschrittlich waren und die Migration dieser Männer sich als Brain Gain für die Habsburgermonarchie auswirkte.
Coding scheme for 3D vertical flash memory
Creators: name: Kim, Yongjune
name: Mateescu, Robert
name: Song, Seung-Hwan
name: Bandic, Zvonimir
name: Kumar, B. V. K. Vijaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently introduced 3D vertical flash memory is expected to be a disruptive technology since it overcomes scaling challenges of conventional 2D planar flash memory by stacking up cells in the vertical direction. However, 3D vertical flash memory suffers from a new problem known as fast detrapping, which is a rapid charge loss problem. In this paper, we propose a scheme to compensate the effect of fast detrapping by intentional inter-cell interference (ICI). In order to properly control the intentional ICI, our scheme relies on a coding technique that incorporates the side information of fast detrapping during the encoding stage. This technique is closely connected to the well-known problem of coding in a memory with defective cells. Numerical results show that the proposed scheme can effectively address the problem of fast detrapping.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures. accepted to ICC 2015. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1410.1775
Glashow resonance as a window into cosmic neutrino sources
Creators: name: Barger, V.
name: Fu, Lingjun
name: Learned, J. G.
name: Marfatia, D.
name: Pakvasa, S.
name: Weiler, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Glashow resonance at E_ν=6.3 PeV is a measure of the \barν_e content of the astrophysical neutrino flux. The fractional \barν_e content depends on the neutrino production model at the cosmic neutrino source, and the environment at the source. Thus, the strength of the Glashow resonance event rate is a potential window into astrophysical sources. We quantify the "Glashow resonometer" and comment on the significance that no Glashow events are observed in the IceCube three-year data.
description: 11 pages, 2 tables, 1 figure. Version to appear as a Rapid Communication in PRD
Effective theory of a doubly charged singlet scalar: complementarity of neutrino physics and the LHC
Creators: name: King, Stephen F.
name: Merle, Alexander
name: Panizzi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a rather minimal extension of the Standard Model involving just one extra particle, namely a single $SU(2)_L$ singlet scalar $S^{++}$ and its antiparticle $S^{--}$. We propose a model independent effective operator, which yields an effective coupling of $S^{\pm \pm}$ to pairs of same sign weak gauge bosons, $W^{\pm} W^{\pm}$. We also allow tree-level couplings of $S^{\pm \pm}$ to pairs of same sign right-handed charged leptons $l^{\pm}_Rl'^{\pm}_R$ of the same or different flavour. We calculate explicitly the resulting two-loop diagrams in the effective theory responsible for neutrino mass and mixing. We propose sets of benchmark points for various $S^{\pm \pm}$ masses and couplings which can yield successful neutrino masses and mixing, consistent with limits on charged lepton flavour violation (LFV) and neutrinoless double beta decay. We discuss the prospects for $S^{\pm \pm}$ discovery at the LHC, for these benchmark points, including single and pair production and decay into same sign leptons plus jets and missing energy. The model represents a minimal example of the complementarity between neutrino physics (including LFV) and the LHC, involving just one new particle, the $S^{\pm \pm}$.
description: 57 pages, 14 figures, 10 tables, version accepted for publication in JHEP
title: Petromasculinity, progressive neoliberalism, and right-wing protests in Canada
Creators: name: Conway, Janet M.
name: Mauer, Heike
Publisher: name: DuEPublico
Year: 2023

description: Janet Conway is a Professor of Sociology at Brock University, Canada. Her research focuses on global justice, transnational feminisms and indigenous activisms. From May to July 2022 she was a research fellow at the Freie Universität Berlin. With Heike Mauer she talked about progressive neoliberalism and right-wing protests as current challenges to politics of solidarity and justice.
description: blog interdisziplinäre geschlechterforschung
Cosmological singularities in Born-Infeld determinantal gravity
Creators: name: Bouhmadi-Lopez, Mariam
name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Born-Infeld determinantal gravity has been recently proposed as a way to smooth the Big Bang singularity. This theory is formulated on the Weitzenbock space-time and the teleparallel representation is used instead of the standard Riemannian representation. We find that although this theory is shown to be singularity-free for certain region of the parameter space in which the divergence of the Hubble rate at the high energy regime is substituted by a de-Sitter stage or a bounce in a Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe, cosmological singularities such as Big Rip, Big Bang, Big Freeze, and Sudden singularities can emerge in other regions of the configuration space of the theory. We also show that all these singular events exist even though the Universe is filled with a perfect fluid with a constant equation of state.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, RevTex4-1. A minor change. Version accepted in PRD
A neural network z-vertex trigger for Belle II
Creators: name: Neuhaus, Sara
name: Skambraks, Sebastian
name: Abudinén, Fernando
name: Chen, Yang
name: Feindt, Michael
name: Frühwirth, Rudolf
name: Heck, Martin
name: Kiesling, Christian
name: Knoll, Alois
name: Paul, Stephan
name: Schieck, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the concept of a track trigger for the Belle II experiment, based on a neural network approach, that is able to reconstruct the z (longitudinal) position of the event vertex within the latency of the first level trigger. The trigger will thus be able to suppress a large fraction of the dominating background from events outside of the interaction region. The trigger uses the drift time information of the hits from the Central Drift Chamber (CDC) of Belle II within narrow cones in polar and azimuthal angle as well as in transverse momentum (sectors), and estimates the z-vertex without explicit track reconstruction. The preprocessing for the track trigger is based on the track information provided by the standard CDC trigger. It takes input from the 2D ($r - φ$) track finder, adds information from the stereo wires of the CDC, and finds the appropriate sectors in the CDC for each track in a given event. Within each sector, the z-vertex of the associated track is estimated by a specialized neural network, with a continuous output corresponding to the scaled z-vertex. The input values for the neural network are calculated from the wire hits of the CDC.
description: Proceedings of the 16th International workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in physics research (ACAT), Preprint, reviewed version (only minor corrections)
Beyond the Power Law: Uncovering Stylized Facts in Interbank Networks
Creators: name: Vandermarliere, Benjamin
name: Karas, Alexei
name: Ryckebusch, Jan
name: Schoors, Koen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We use daily data on bilateral interbank exposures and monthly bank balance sheets to study network characteristics of the Russian interbank market over Aug 1998 - Oct 2004. Specifically, we examine the distributions of (un)directed (un)weighted degree, nodal attributes (bank assets, capital and capital-to-assets ratio) and edge weights (loan size and counterparty exposure). We search for the theoretical distribution that fits the data best and report the "best" fit parameters. We observe that all studied distributions are heavy tailed. The fat tail typically contains 20% of the data and can be mostly described well by a truncated power law. Also the power law, stretched exponential and log-normal provide reasonably good fits to the tails of the data. In most cases, however, separating the bulk and tail parts of the data is hard, so we proceed to study the full range of the events. We find that the stretched exponential and the log-normal distributions fit the full range of the data best. These conclusions are robust to 1) whether we aggregate the data over a week, month, quarter or year; 2) whether we look at the "growth" versus "maturity" phases of interbank market development; and 3) with minor exceptions, whether we look at the "normal" versus "crisis" operation periods. In line with prior research, we find that the network topology changes greatly as the interbank market moves from a "normal" to a "crisis" operation period.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Moduli of morphisms of logarithmic schemes
Creators: name: Wise, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that there is a logarithmic algebraic space parameterizing logarithmic morphisms between fixed logarithmic schemes when those logarithmic schemes satisfy natural hypotheses. As a corollary, we obtain the algebraicity of the stack of stable logarithmic maps without restriction on the logarithmic structure of the target.
description: 45 pages; one error corrected, some new material on Zariski logarithmic structures, and a new appendix by Sam Molcho with explicit constructions in important examples; comments welcome!
Statistics of work distribution in periodically driven closed quantum systems
Creators: name: Dutta, Anirban
name: Das, Arnab
name: Sengupta, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the statistics of the work distribution $P(w)$ in a $d-$dimensional closed quantum system with linear dimension $L$ subjected to a periodic drive with frequency $ω_0$. We show that after an integer number of periods of the drive, the corresponding rate function $I(w)= -\ln[P(w)]/L^d$ satisfies an universal lower bound $I(0)\ge n_d$ and has a zero at $w=Q$, where $n_d$ and $Q$ are the defect density and residual energy generated during the drive. We supplement our results by calculating $I(w)$ for a class of $d$-dimensional integrable models and show that it has oscillatory dependence on $ω_0$ originating from Stuckelberg interference generated during multiple passage through intermediate quantum critical points or regions during the drive. We suggest experiments to test our theory.
description: v2 10 pages 4 figs; additional proof of one of the results; all major conclusions remain same
On the scalar consistency relation away from slow roll
Creators: name: Sreenath, V.
name: Hazra, Dhiraj Kumar
name: Sriramkumar, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As is well known, the non-Gaussianity parameter $f_{_{\rm NL}}$, which is often used to characterize the amplitude of the scalar bi-spectrum, can be expressed completely in terms of the scalar spectral index $n_{\rm s}$ in the squeezed limit, a relation that is referred to as the consistency condition. This relation, while it is largely discussed in the context of slow roll inflation, is actually expected to hold in any single field model of inflation, irrespective of the dynamics of the underlying model, provided inflation occurs on the attractor at late times. In this work, we explicitly examine the validity of the consistency relation, analytically as well as numerically, away from slow roll. Analytically, we first arrive at the relation in the simple case of power law inflation. We also consider the non-trivial example of the Starobinsky model involving a linear potential with a sudden change in its slope (which leads to a brief period of fast roll), and establish the condition completely analytically. We then numerically examine the validity of the consistency relation in three inflationary models that lead to the following features in the scalar power spectrum due to departures from slow roll: (i) a sharp cut off at large scales, (ii) a burst of oscillations over an intermediate range of scales, and (iii) small, but repeated, modulations extending over a wide range of scales. It is important to note that it is exactly such spectra that have been found to lead to an improved fit to the CMB data, when compared to the more standard power law primordial spectra, by the Planck team. We evaluate the scalar bi-spectrum for an arbitrary triangular configuration of the wavenumbers in these inflationary models and explicitly illustrate that, in the squeezed limit, the consistency condition is indeed satisfied even in situations consisting of strong deviations from slow roll.
description: v1: 22 pages, 3 figures, the latest version of BINGO is available at https://www.physics.iitm.ac.in/~sriram/bingo/bingo.html; v2: 23 pages, 3 figures, minor changes, references added, accepted for publication in JCAP
Some Stars are Totally Metal: A New Mechanism Driving Dust Across Star-Forming Clouds, and Consequences for Planets, Stars, and Galaxies
Creators: name: Hopkins, Philip F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust grains in neutral gas behave as aerodynamic particles, so they can develop large density fluctuations independent of gas density fluctuations. Specifically, gas turbulence can drive order-of-magnitude 'resonant' fluctuations in the dust on scales where the gas stopping/drag timescale is comparable to the turbulent eddy turnover time. Here we show that for large grains (size >0.1 micron, containing most grain mass) in sufficiently large molecular clouds (radii >1-10 pc, masses >10^4 M_sun), this scale becomes larger than the characteristic sizes of pre-stellar cores (the sonic length), so large fluctuations in the dust-to-gas ratio are imprinted on cores. As a result, star clusters and protostellar disks formed in large clouds should exhibit significant abundance spreads in the elements preferentially found in large grains. This naturally predicts populations of carbon-enhanced stars, certain highly unusual stellar populations observed in nearby open clusters, and may explain the 'UV upturn' in early-type galaxies. It will also dramatically change planet formation in the resulting protostellar disks, by preferentially 'seeding' disks with an enhancement in large carbonaceous or silicate grains. The relevant threshold for this behavior scales simply with cloud densities and temperatures, making straightforward predictions for clusters in starbursts and high-redshift galaxies. Because of the selective sorting by size, this process is not necessarily visible in extinction mapping. We also predict the shape of the abundance distribution -- when these fluctuations occur, a small fraction of the cores may actually be seeded with abundances ~100 times the mean, such that they are almost 'totally metal' (Z~1)! Assuming the cores collapse, these totally metal stars would be rare (1 in 10^4 in clusters where this occurs), but represent a fundamentally new stellar evolution channel.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted to ApJ (matches published version). Revised to expand quantitative comparisons with observations, and predictions for stellar properties and planet formation
Stop on Top: SUSY Parameter Regions, Fine-Tuning Constraints
Creators: name: Demir, Durmus Ali
name: Un, Cem Salih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze minimal supersymmetric models in order to determine in what parameter regions with what amount of fine-tuning they are capable of accomodating the LHC-allowed top-stop degeneracy window. The stops must be light enough to enable Higgs naturalness yet heavy enough to induce a 125 GeV Higgs boson mass. These two constraints imply a large mass splitting. By an elaborate scan of the parameter space, we show that stop-on-top scenario requires at least Delta_CMSSM ~ O(10^4) fine-tuning in the CMSSM. By relaxing the CMSSM parameter space with nonuniversal Higgs masses, we find that Delta_NUHM1 ~ O(10^4). The CMSSM with gravitino LSP works slightly better than the NUHM1 model. Compared to all these, the CMSSM with mu<0 and nonuniversal gauginos yield a much smaller fine-tuning Delta_{mu,g} ~ O(100). Our results show that gaugino sector can pave the road towards a more natural stop-on-top scenario.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Cooperativity and Heterogeneity in Plastic Crystals Studied by Nonlinear Dielectric Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Michl, M.
name: Bauer, Th.
name: Lunkenheimer, P.
name: Loidl, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The glassy dynamics of plastic-crystalline cyclo-octanol and ortho-carborane, where only the molecular reorientational degrees of freedom freeze without long-range order, is investigated by nonlinear dielectric spectroscopy. Marked differences to canonical glass formers show up: While molecular cooperativity governs the glassy freezing, it leads to a much weaker slowing down of molecular dynamics than in supercooled liquids. Moreover, the observed nonlinear effects cannot be explained with the same heterogeneity scenario recently applied to canonical glass formers. This supports ideas that molecular relaxation in plastic crystals may be intrinsically non-exponential. Finally, no nonlinear effects were detected for the secondary processes in cyclo-octanol.
description: Final version as accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. 6 pages, 5 figures (including 1 page and figure in Supplemental Material)
Mesoscopic pinning forces in neutron star crusts
Creators: name: Seveso, Stefano
name: Pizzochero, Pierre M.
name: Grill, Fabrizio
name: Haskell, Brynmor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crust of a neutron star is thought to be comprised of a lattice of nuclei immersed in a sea of free electrons and neutrons. As the neutrons are superfluid their angular momentum is carried by an array of quantized vortices. These vortices can pin to the nuclear lattice and prevent the neutron superfluid from spinning down, allowing it to store angular momentum which can then be released catastrophically, giving rise to a pulsar glitch. A crucial ingredient for this model is the maximum pinning force that the lattice can exert on the vortices, as this allows us to estimate the angular momentum that can be exchanged during a glitch. In this paper we perform, for the first time, a detailed and quantitative calculation of the pinning force \emph{per unit length} acting on a vortex immersed in the crust and resulting from the mesoscopic vortex-lattice interaction. We consider realistic vortex tensions, allow for displacement of the nuclei and average over all possible orientation of the crystal with respect to the vortex. We find that, as expected, the mesoscopic pinning force becomes weaker for longer vortices and is generally much smaller than previous estimates, based on vortices aligned with the crystal. Nevertheless the forces we obtain still have maximum values of order $f_{\rm{pin}}\approx 10^{15}$ dyn/cm, which would still allow for enough angular momentum to be stored in the crust to explain large Vela glitches, if part of the star is decoupled during the event.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables
Interplay between Mn-acceptor state and Dirac surface states in Mn-doped Bi$_2$Se$_3$ topological insulator
Creators: name: Mahani, M. R.
name: Pertsova, A.
name: Islam, M. Fhokru
name: Canali, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of a single substitutional Mn impurity and its associated acceptor state on the (111) surface of Bi$_2$Se$_3$ topological insulator. Combining ab initio calculations with microscopic tight-binding modeling, we identify the effects of inversion-symmetry and time-reversal-symmetry breaking on the electronic states in the vicinity of the Dirac point. In agreement with experiments, we find evidence that the Mn ion is in the ${+2}$-valence state and introduces an acceptor in the bulk band gap. The Mn-acceptor has predominantly $p$-character, and is localized mainly around the Mn impurity and its nearest-neighbor Se atoms. Its electronic structure and spin-polarization are determined by the hybridization between the Mn $d$-levels and the $p$-levels of surrounding Se atoms, which is strongly affected by electronic correlations at the Mn site. The opening of the gap at the Dirac point depends crucially on the quasi-resonant coupling and the strong real-space overlap between the spin-chiral surface states and the mid-gap spin-polarized Mn-acceptor states.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, journal
All-optical three-dimensional electron pulse compression
Creators: name: Wong, Liang Jie
name: Freelon, Byron
name: Rohwer, Timm
name: Gedik, Nuh
name: Johnson, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78A15, 78A35, 78A60, 83A05

description: We propose an all-optical, three-dimensional electron pulse compression scheme in which Hermite-Gaussian optical modes are used to fashion a three-dimensional optical trap in the electron pulse's rest frame. We show that the correct choices of optical incidence angles are necessary for optimal compression. We obtain analytical expressions for the net impulse imparted by Hermite-Gaussian free-space modes of arbitrary order. Although we focus on electrons, our theory applies to any charged particle and any particle with non-zero polarizability in the Rayleigh regime. We verify our theory numerically using exact solutions to Maxwell's equations for first-order Hermite-Gaussian beams, demonstrating single-electron pulse compression factors of $>10^{2}$ in both longitudinal and transverse dimensions with experimentally realizable optical pulses. The proposed scheme is useful in ultrafast electron imaging for both single- and multi-electron pulse compression, and as a means of circumventing temporal distortions in magnetic lenses when focusing ultrashort electron pulses.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Role of disorder in finite-amplitude shear of a 2D jammed material
Creators: name: Keim, Nathan C.
name: Arratia, Paulo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A material's response to small but finite deformations can reveal the roots of its response to much larger deformations. Here, we identify commonalities in the responses of 2D soft jammed solids with different amounts of disorder. We cyclically shear the materials while tracking their constituent particles, in experiments that feature a stable population of repeated structural relaxations. Using bidisperse particle sizes creates a more amorphous material, while monodisperse sizes yield a more polycrystalline one. We find that the materials' responses are very similar, both at the macroscopic, mechanical level and in the microscopic motions of individual particles. However, both locally and in bulk, crystalline arrangements of particles are stiffer (greater elastic modulus) and less likely to rearrange. Our work supports the idea of a common description for the responses of a wide array of materials.
The Effects of Derivatives on the Earnings Volatility of Portuguese and Spanish Listed Companies
Creators: name: De Paula Leite, Ana Catarina
name: Pimentel, Liliana Marques
Publisher: name: International Journal of Business Innovation
Year: 2022

description: The main objective of this paper is to analyse the purposes and effects of using derivatives in Portuguese and Spanish firms. For this purpose, two panel data regression models were estimated, with accounting data and firms' financial cash flow data, as well as the fair value of derivatives. The aim of the first regression was to investigate the impact of the use of derivatives on earnings volatility. The second model was to investigate the use of derivatives through financial cash flows. The results of the first model suggest that an increase in the extent of derivatives reduces earnings volatility. The second model presents debt and exchange rate effects on cash flows that may cause changes in the fair value of derivatives. Furthermore, in the second model, operating income was statistically significant for the use of derivatives, these results may indicate that the extent of derivatives can be driven by operating income. The analyses conducted also indicate that firms engage derivatives for risk management purposes, thus these derivatives are mainly measured as a hedge accounting instrument. This research has contributed to the scientific literature on derivatives by investigating the effects of the use of derivatives on the volatility of earnings of Portuguese and Spanish non-financial firms, as well as how derivatives respond to the financial cash flow sensitivities of these firms.
description: International Journal of Business Innovation, Volume 1 Issue 3 (2022)
Casimir effect for a Bose-Einstein condensate inside a cylindrical tube
Creators: name: Biswas, Shyamal
name: Bhattacharyya, Saugata
name: Agarwal, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore Casimir effect on an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) inside a cylindrical tube. The Casimir force for the confined BEC comprises of (i) a mean-field part arising from the spatial inhomogeneity of the condensate order parameter, and (ii) a quantum fluctuation part arising from the confinement of Bogoliubov excitations in the condensate. Our analytical result predicts Casimir force on a cylindrical shallow of $^4$He well below the $λ$-point, and can be tested experimentally.
description: Quantum liquid part of the version-1 after major revisions. 9 pages, 2 figures. Accepted in Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics
MPEC 2023-R76 : 2005 TS45
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Self-propulsion of pure water droplets by spontaneous Marangoni stress driven motion
Creators: name: Izri, Ziane
name: van der Linden, Marjolein N.
name: Michelin, Sébastien
name: Dauchot, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report spontaneous motion in a fully bio-compatible system consisting of pure water droplets in an oil-surfactant medium of squalane and monoolein. Water from the droplet is solubilized by the reverse micellar solution, creating a concentration gradient of swollen reverse micelles around each droplet. The strong advection and weak diffusion conditions allow for the first experimental realization of spontaneous motion in a system of isotropic particles at sufficiently large Péclet number according to a straightforward generalization of a recently proposed mechanism. Experiments with a highly concentrated solution of salt instead of water, and tetradecane instead of squalane, confirm the above mechanism. The present swimming droplets are able to carry external bodies such as large colloids, salt crystals, and even cells.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
The Challenges of Accounting and the Role of Social Pressure in Sustainability Reporting
Creators: name: Pires, Amélia Maria Martins
name: Rodrigues, Fernando
Publisher: name: International Journal of Business Innovation
Year: 2022

description: The most recent reporting proposals tend to consider information that is not eminently financial. A trend that has been encouraged since the awareness that the decision-making process should take into consideration environmental, social, and corporate governance factors and that has been helping companies internalize that their responsibilities to society go beyond their economic and legal obligations. A trend that would eventually lead different organizations to work hard to offer regulations capable of guiding the process of preparing and disclosing the required information, but which, by becoming mandatory only for certain types of companies, would end up including mostly voluntary reporting practices and with an information capacity clearly below expectations. It is in this context that this study is developed, with the main purpose of presenting a reflection on the main reporting trends, although particularly focused on corporate sustainability reporting, to identify challenges and the role that accounting and social pressure may be called upon to play. The results point to a low adherence and to the non-consolidation of the different proposals that have emerged, presenting the option for non-binding reporting practice as the main justification for the main criticisms and for the fact that, so far, a fully instituted reporting model has not been achieved at this level. Also allow us to anticipate that the main difficulty has to do with the little attention and concern that companies have dedicated to these matters, which will only be overcome as the market judge’s corporate performance at this level, benefiting investments with economically favorable expectations once their environmental and social impacts are weighed.
description: International Journal of Business Innovation, Volume 1 Issue 3 (2022)
Value Added and Capital Efficiency in Green and Brown Bulgarian Energy Companies
Creators: name: Nesheva-Kiosseva, NInel Ivanova
Publisher: name: International Journal of Business Innovation
Year: 2022

description: The paper explores the problem of the creation of value added created by companies in the energy sector in Bulgaria. Nuclear, coal, water, solar, wind, oil and gas energy companies are studied. The study covers 2019 and 2020. for some companies, an estimate has been made for 2018. From the point of view of the economic conjuncture, it covers the pre-covid crisis and the covid crisis manifestation. These years allow comparisons to be made about the performance of different enterprises – from the "green" and "brown" energy kinds in terms of value creation. The basic research method is the original VAICtm. The primary data is the data from the financial statements of the enterprises. Through the VAICtm methodology, the value added created by the capitals of each of the enterprises is measured. The VAIC coefficient is accepted as the indicator reflecting the "total efficiency" of the company or its "intellectual abilities". The effectiveness of the structural (physical) and intellectual capital in different types of energy enterprises has been established and a comparative analysis has been made. Based on the results obtained from VAICtm, the analysis of enterprise performance is extended using correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The relationship between the value added of intellectual capital and the carbon emissions of "brown" coal plants was calculated; the water footprint of hydropower plants was assessed. The cluster analysis shows results for the possibility of a smooth transition to sustainable green energy by combining brown and green energy. The measurement the water footprint raises the question of the proper and fair distribution of water resources between "green” hydropower enterprises, other industrial enterprises, agriculture and households. With the cessation of activities of non-environmental energy enterprises, the efficiency of Brown energy's intellectual capital will cease to be used. In this perspective, partial conclusions have been drawn (only for the surveyed enterprises) about the cost of losing the intellectual capital of brown energy.
description: International Journal of Business Innovation, Volume 1 Issue 3 (2022)
IAS 36: The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the aircrafts recoverable amount in the European aviation sector
Creators: name: Alves, Sandra
name: Pimenta, Filippe
Publisher: name: International Journal of Business Innovation
Year: 2022

description: The year of 2020 will be marked in history by the pandemic caused by the Covid-19 outbreak. Worldwide economies and markets have been affected by the consequences of the highly transmissible disease, particularly the aviation segment. Considering that the main activity of airlines is only possible through their aircrafts, the objective of this study consists in estimating, based on International Accounting Standard no. 36 – Impairment of Assets, the recoverable amount of these assets in the European Union commercial aviation sector. The results suggest that Lufthansa and Ryanair Groups do not indicate any impairment loss to be recognized in the Financial Statements as of December 31st 2021. For IAG Group, we concluded that may be a reversal of the impairment loss recognized in the prior year - 2020. Finally, for AirFrance-KLM Group, according to our estimation, the Group may reinforce the impairment loss in the amount of approximately €674M.
description: International Journal of Business Innovation, Volume 1 Issue 3 (2022)
MUSE discovers perpendicular arcs in the inner filament of Cen A
Creators: name: Hamer, Stephen
name: Salomé, Philippe
name: Combes, Francoise
name: Salomé, Quentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence of AGN interaction with the IGM is observed in some galaxies and many cool core clusters. Radio jets are suspected to dig large cavities into the surrounding gas. In most cases, very large optical filaments are seen around the central galaxy. The origin of these filaments is still not understood. Star-forming regions are sometimes observed inside the filaments and are interpreted as evidence of positive feedback. Cen A is a nearby galaxy with huge optical filaments aligned with the AGN radio-jet direction. We searched for line ratio variations along the filaments, kinematic evidence of shock-broadend line widths, and large-scale dynamical structures. We observed a 1'x1' region around the inner filament of Cen A with MUSE on the VLT during Science Verification. The brightest lines detected are the Halpha, [NII], [OIII] and [SII]. MUSE shows that the filaments are made of clumpy structures inside a more diffuse medium aligned with the radio-jet axis. We find evidence of shocked shells surrounding the star-forming clumps from the line profiles, suggesting that the star formation is induced by shocks. The clump line ratios are best explained by a composite of shocks and star formation illuminated by a radiation cone from the AGN. We also report a previously undetected large arc-like structure: three streams running perpendicular to the main filament; they are kinematically, morphologically, and excitationally distinct. The clear difference in the excitation of the arcs and clumps suggests that the arcs are very likely located outside of the radiation cone and match the position of the filament only in projection. The three arcs are most consistent with neutral material swept along by a backflow of the jet plasma from the AGN outburst that is ionised through a diffuse radiation field with a low-ionisation parameter that continues to excite gas away from the radiation cone.
description: 14 Pages (4 paper, 10 appendices), 12 Figures (3 paper, 9 appendicies). Accepted for publication by A&A
MPEC 2023-R77 : 2014 QF434
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Biologie lernen durch Concept Mapping: Bedeutung eines Lernstrategietrainings für kognitive Belastung, kognitive Prozesse und Lernleistung – Kurzdarstellung des DFG–Projekts
Creators: name: Großschedl, Jörg
name: Tröbst, Steffen
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Biologie (ZDB) - Biologie Lehren und Lernen
Year: 2018

description: ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die Beschäftigung mit Biologie erfordert ein Denken in Zusammenhängen. Concept Maps veranschaulichen Zusammenhänge durch Begriffe, die durch beschriftete Pfeile semantisch sinnvoll verbunden sind. Traditionell wird davon ausgegangen, dass die Anfertigung von Concept Maps (sog. Concept Mapping) deshalb lernwirksam ist, weil mit ihr anspruchsvolle kognitive Prozesse der Organisation und Elaboration einhergehen. In jüngster Zeit wurde diese etablierte Vorstellung erschüttert, indem vor allem der Abruf von Informationen aus dem Langzeitgedächtnis für die Lernwirksamkeit des Concept Mapping verantwortlich gemacht wurde. Moniert werden kann, dass in den zugrundeliegenden Studien ausschließlich Lernmaterialien geringen Umfangs verwendet und Concept Mapping nicht trainiert wurde. Das geplante Projekt zielt darauf ab, die berichteten Befunde vor dem Hintergrund dieser beiden Monita kritisch zu prüfen. Aus einer biologiedidaktischen Perspektive dient es der evidenzbasierten Entwicklung eines wirksamen Concept Mapping-Trainings. Aus Perspektive der psychologischen Grundlagenforschung gewährt es Einblick in die kognitiven Prozesse, die die Lernwirksamkeit des Concept Mapping bedingen. ABSTRACT Learning biology is characterized by thinking about interrelationships. Concept maps represent interrelationships through concepts connected to each other with labelledarrows. Traditionally, researchers assume that the construction of concept maps (so-called concept mapping) fosters learning by initiating organization and elaboration as complex cognitive processes. Recently, the cognitive basis of the learning efficacy of concept mapping has been questioned as some researchers reasoned that retrieval of information from long-term memory underlies the efficacy of concept mapping. We criticize that the texts to be learned in these studies were comparatively short. Moreover, participants had not been specifically trained in using concept mapping. Our project aims at examining the robustness of the findings reported above. With regard to biology education, we will devise an effective and evidence-based training in concept mapping. From a psychological perspective, the findings will give insight into the cognitive processes that underlie the efficacy of concept mapping as a learning strategy.
description: Zeitschrift für Didaktik der Biologie (ZDB) - Biologie Lehren und Lernen, Bd. 22 (2018)