cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The WRULD Judgment Database: the design of a database to act as a reference source to United Kingdom Court judgments on work related upper limb disorders, using FileMaker Pro
Creators: name: Fensome, Sally M.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The WRULD Judgment Database: the design of a database to act as a reference source to United Kingdom Court judgments on work related upper limb disorders, using FileMaker Pro
Caustic Crossing in the Gravitational Lens Q2237+0305
Creators: name: Shalyapin, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The monitoring of the gravitational lens Q2237+0305 carried out by the OGLE group during 1997--1999 is analyzed. The significant light amplifications in the C and A quasar components with maxima in mid- and late 1999, respectively, are interpreted as the crossing of microlens caustics by the source. A constraint on the emitting-region size R < 10^(15) cm has been obtained from the light-curve shape by assuming a power-law quasar brightness distribution (r^2+R^2)^(-p). To estimate the exponent p ~ 1.2 requires refining the standard model for the quasar continuum formation in an optically thick accretion disk with p = 1.5
description: 10 pages, LaTex, 4 eps figures, to appear in Astronomy Letters
Orthogonality catastrophe in a composite fermion liquid
Creators: name: Leonard, Darren J. T.
name: Portengen, T.
name: Nicopoulos, V. Nikos
name: Johnson, Neil F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the emergence of an orthogonality catastrophe in the response of a composite fermion liquid as the filling factor νapproaches 1/2m, where m=1,2,3.... A tunneling experiment is proposed in which dramatic changes in the I-V characteristic should be observable as νis varied. Explicit I-V characteristics calculated within the so-called Modified Random Phase Approximation, are provided for ν=1/3 -> ν=1/2.
description: Latex two-column 6 pages including 5 figures
Canonical gauges in higher gauge theory
Creators: name: Gastel, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58E15, 53C08

description: We study the problem of finding good gauges for connections in higher gauge theories. We find that, for $2$-connections in strict $2$-gauge theory and $3$-connections in $3$-gauge theory, there are local "Coulomb gauges" that are more canonical than in classical gauge theory. In particular, they are essentially unique, and no smallness of curvature is needed in the critical dimensions. We give natural definitions of $2$-Yang-Mills and $3$-Yang-Mills theory and find that the choice of good gauges makes them essentially linear. As an application, (anti-)selfdual $2$-connections over $B^6$ are always $2$-Yang-Mills, and (anti-)selfdual $3$-connections over $B^8$ are always $3$-Yang-Mills.
U(1)xSU(2) Chern--Simons gauge theory of underdoped cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Marchetti, P. A.
name: Su, Zhao-Bin
name: Yu, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chern-Simons bosonization with U(1)xSU(2) gauge field is applied to 2-D t-J model in the limit t >> J, to study the normal state properties of underdoped cuprate superconductors. We prove the existence of an upper bound on the partition function for holons in a spinon background, and we find the optimal spinon configuration saturating the upper bound on average--a coexisting flux phase and s+id-like RVB state. After neglecting the feedback of holon fluctuations on the U(1) field B and spinon fluctuations on the SU(2) field V, the holon field is a fermion and the spinon field is a hard--core boson. We show that the B field produces a πflux phase for holons, converting them into Dirac--like fermions, while the V field, taking into account the feedback of holons produces a gap for spinons vanishing in zero doping limit. The nonlinear sigma-model with a mass term describes the crossover from short-ranged antiferromagnetic (AF) state in doped samples to long range AF order in reference compounds. Moreover, we derive a low--energy effective action in terms of spinons, holons and a self-generated U(1) gauge field. The gauge fluctuations are not confining due to coupling to holons, but yield an attractive interaction between spinons and holons leading to a bound state with electron quantum numbers. The renormalisation effects due to gauge fluctuations give rise to non--Fermi liquid behaviour for the composite electron.This formalism provides a new interpretation of the spin gap in underdoped superconductors (due to short-ranged AF order) and predicts the minimal gap for the physical electron is proportional to the square root of the doping concentration.
description: 31 pages, REVTEX, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Phallus undefined-1
Creators: name: Li, Huili
name: Mortimer, Peter E.
name: Karunarathna, Samantha C.
name: Xu, Jianchu
name: Hyde, Kevin D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Phallales
Phallaceae
Phallus
Phallus undefined-1

description: Phallus sp. 1. Fig. 2. A-1, A-2.
Basidiocarp 150 mm high × 17 mm wide, spherical to subglobose when young, the exoperidium rupturing at maturity to reveal the cap and stipe. Cap 42 mm × 24 mm, campanulate, with a white opening at apex; surface smooth when young (A1–3), becoming reticulate with irregular ridges and pits, and showing white as flies consume the olive (1–3F5–8) gleba, which is slimy and smelly. Stipe hollow, pure white, 65 mm high × 17 mm wide, cylindrical, and reticulate or lacunose with elliptical or polygonal lacunae. Indusium at first folded up under the cap, later expanding to become well developed with orange tones. Volva off-white, without scales, but not smooth to the touch, attached to the soil by a thick rhizomorph. Basidiospores [25/1/1] 2.96–4.93 × 2–3 µm, L=4.22, W=2.05, Q=2.06, ellipsoidal or oblong to cylindrical, hyaline with drops, wall smooth and slightly thickened. Hyphae of stipe hyaline, and foam-like (not tightly packed) under the microscope. Basidia and cystidia not seen. Hyphae of volva hyaline, tubulose, and branched, with clamp connections (Fig. 5). Odour: foul or putrid.
Habitat/Distribution: —on soil, in rotting litter, solitary or in groups, Yunnan Province, China.
Notes: —The main characters of Phallus sp. 1 are a slightly orange indusium, which expands from under the cap at maturity and the white cap, smooth without reticulation under the olive (1–3F5–8) gleba (Fig. 2. A-1, A-2 & Fig. 6. C), when immature. Although phylogenetic tree shows 100% bootstrap support for Phallus sp. 1 and P. luteus (Liou & L. Hwang) T. Kasuya (2009: 106), morphologically P. sp. 1 and P. luteus are different, even though the specimen of P. sp. 1 used in this study is immature. When young, the cap of P. luteus is reticulate under the olive brown gleba, the indusium of P. luteus is yellow, and the spore size of P. luteus is smaller than that of P. sp. 1 (Kasuya 2008). P. sp. 1 should also be compared with Phallus multicolor (Berk. & Broome) Cooke (1882?57); however, the cap surface of P. multicolour is lemon yellow under the olive brown gleba and the stipe is yellow white (Dutta et al. 2012). As only one specimen was found, we described it, but do not introduce it as a new species in this paper.
Material examined: — CHINA. Yunnan Province: Xishuangbanna, Mengsong Village, UTM-N2379744.485281, UTM-E653217.753714, alt. 1600m, 14 August 2012, Lei Ye, (HKAS78339).
description: Published as part of Li, Huili, Mortimer, Peter E., Karunarathna, Samantha C., Xu, Jianchu & Hyde, Kevin D., 2014, New species of Phallus from a subtropical forest in Xishuangbanna, China, pp. 91-103 in Phytotaxa 163 (2) on pages 99-100, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.163.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5132271
Gauge fixing and the Hamiltonian for cylindrical spacetimes
Creators: name: Marugan, Guillermo A. Mena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a complete gauge fixing for cylindrical spacetimes in vacuo that, in principle, do not contain the axis of symmetry. By cylindrically symmetric we understand spacetimes that possess two commuting spacelike Killing vectors, one of them rotational and the other one translational. The result of our gauge fixing is a constraint-free model whose phase space has four field-like degrees of freedom and that depends on three constant parameters. Two of these constants determine the global angular momentum and the linear momentum in the axis direction, while the third parameter is related with the behavior of the metric around the axis. We derive the explicit expression of the metric in terms of the physical degrees of freedom, calculate the reduced equations of motion and obtain the Hamiltonian that generates the reduced dynamics. We also find upper and lower bounds for this reduced Hamiltonian that provides the energy per unit length contained in the system. In addition, we show that the reduced formalism constructed is well defined and consistent at least when the linear momentum in the axis direction vanishes. Furthermore, in that case we prove that there exists an infinite number of solutions in which all physical fields are constant both in the surroundings of the axis and at sufficiently large distances from it. If the global angular momentum is different from zero, the isometry group of these solutions is generally not orthogonally transitive. Such solutions generalize the metric of a spinning cosmic string in the region where no closed timelike curves are present.
description: 12 pages, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Full Counting Statistics of Charge in Quenched Quantum Gases
Creators: name: Horvath, David X.
name: Rylands, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unless constrained by symmetry, measurement of an observable on an ensemble of identical quantum systems returns a distribution of values which are encoded in the full counting statistics. While the mean value of this distribution is important for determining certain properties of a system, the full distribution can also exhibit universal behavior. In this paper we study the full counting statistics of particle number in one dimensional interacting Bose and Fermi gases which have been quenched far from equilibrium. In particular we consider the time evolution of the Lieb-Liniger and Gaudin-Yang models quenched from a Bose-Einstein condensate initial state and calculate the full counting statistics of the particle number within a subsystem. We show that the scaled cumulants of the charge in the initial state and at long times are simply related and in particular the latter are independent of the model parameters. Using the quasi-particle picture we obtain the full time evolution of the cumulants and find that although their endpoints are fixed, the finite time dynamics depends strongly on the model parameters. We go on to construct the scaled cumulant generating functions and from this determine the limiting charge probability distributions at long time which are shown to exhibit distinct non-trivial and non-Gaussian fluctuations and large deviations.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 1 appendix
Twists in Ferromagnetic Monolayers With Trigonal Prismatic Symmetry
Creators: name: Hals, Kjetil M. D.
name: Everschor-Sitte, Karin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional materials such as graphene or hexagonal boron nitride are indispensable in industry. The recently discovered 2D ferromagnetic materials also promise to be vital for applications. In this work, we develop a phenomenological description of non-centrosymmetric 2D ferromagnets with trigonal prismatic crystal structure. We chose to study this special symmetry group since these materials do break inversion symmetry and therefore, in principle, allow for chiral spin structures such as magnetic helices and skyrmions. However, unlike all non-centrosymmetric magnets known so far, we show that the symmetry of magnetic trigonal prismatic monolayers neither allow for an internal relativistic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) nor a reactive spin-orbit torque. We demonstrate that the DMI only becomes important at the boundaries, where it modifies the boundary conditions of the magnetization and leads to a helical equilibrium state with a helical wavevector that is inherently linked to the internal spin orientation. Furthermore, we find that the helical wavevector can be electrically manipulated via dissipative spin-torque mechanisms. Our results reveal that 2D magnets offer a large potential for unexplored magnetic effects.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
MOESM3 of Utility of 5-(furan-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
name: Sayed, Ibrahim El
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Mangoud Mangoud
name: Hosny, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. 1H NMR, Mass and IR spectra of compound (3).
Nucleus-Electron Model for States Changing from a Liquid Metal to a Plasma and the Saha Equation
Creators: name: Chihara, J.
name: Ueshima, Y.
name: Kiyokawa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the quantal hypernetted-chain (QHNC) method, which has been proved to yield accurate results for liquid metals, to treat a partially ionized plasma. In a plasma, the electrons change from a quantum to a classical fluid gradually with increasing temperature; the QHNC method applied to the electron gas is in fact able to provide the electron-electron correlation at arbitrary temperature. As an illustrating example of this approach, we investigate how liquid rubidium becomes a plasma by increasing the temperature from 0 to 30 eV at a fixed normal ion-density $1.03 \times 10^{22}/cm^3$. The electron-ion radial distribution function (RDF) in liquid Rb has distinct inner-core and outer-core parts. Even at a temperature of 1 eV, this clear distinction remains as a characteristic of a liquid metal. At a temperature of 3 eV, this distinction disappears, and rubidium becomes a plasma with the ionization 1.21. The temperature variations of bound levels in each ion and the average ionization are calculated in Rb plasmas at the same time. Using the density-functional theory, we also derive the Saha equation applicable even to a high-density plasma at low temperatures. The QHNC method provides a procedure to solve this Saha equation with ease by using a recursive formula; the charge population of differently ionized species are obtained in Rb plasmas at several temperatures. In this way, it is shown that, with the atomic number as the only input, the QHNC method produces the average ionization, the electron-ion and ion-ion RDF's, and the charge population which are consistent with the atomic structure of each ion for a partially ionized plasma.
description: 28 pages(TeX) and 11 figures (PS)
Nonlocal quantum differentiation between polarization objects using entanglement
Creators: name: Besaga, Vira R.
name: Zhang, Luosha
name: Vega, Andres
name: Chauhan, Purujit Singh
name: Siefke, Thomas
name: Steinlechner, Fabian
name: Pertsch, Thomas
name: Sukhorukov, Andrey A.
name: Setzpfandt, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a wide range of applications a fast, non-destructive, remote, and sensitive identification of samples with predefined characteristics is preferred instead of their full characterization. Here, we report on the experimental implementation of a nonlocal quantum measurement scheme enabling to distinguish different transparent and birefringent samples by means of polarization-entangled photon pairs and remote state preparation. On an example set of more than 80 objects with varying Mueller matrices we show that only two coincidence measurements are already sufficient for successful discrimination in contrast to at least 8 required for a comprehensive inspection. The decreased number of measurements and the sample set significantly exceeding a typical set size for various problems demonstrate the high potential of the method for applications aiming at biomedical diagnostics, remote sensing, and other classification/detection tasks.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
MOESM4 of Utility of 5-(furan-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
name: Sayed, Ibrahim El
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Mangoud Mangoud
name: Hosny, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. 1H NMR, Mass and IR spectra of compound (4).
Transferring the quantum state of electrons across a Fermi sea with Coulomb interaction
Creators: name: Duprez, H.
name: Sivre, E.
name: Anthore, A.
name: Aassime, A.
name: Cavanna, A.
name: Gennser, U.
name: Pierre, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coulomb interaction generally limits the quantum propagation of electrons. However, it can also provide a mechanism to transfer their quantum state over larger distances. Here, we demonstrate such a form of teleportation, across a metallic island within which the electrons are trapped much longer than their quantum lifetime. This effect originates from the low temperature freezing of the island's charge $Q$ which, in the presence of a single connected electronic channel, enforces a one-to-one correspondence between incoming and outgoing electrons. Such high-fidelity quantum state imprinting is established between well-separated injection and emission locations, through two-path interferences in the integer quantum Hall regime. The added electron quantum phase of $2πQ/e$ can allow for strong and decoherence-free entanglement of propagating electrons, and notably of flying qubits.
A random walk version of Robbins' problem: small horizon
Creators: name: Allaart, Pieter C.
name: Allen, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G40

description: In Robbins' problem of minimizing the expected rank, a finite sequence of $n$ independent, identically distributed random variables are observed sequentially and the objective is to stop at such a time that the expected rank of the selected variable (among the sequence of all $n$ variables) is as small as possible. In this paper we consider an analogous problem in which the observed random variables are the steps of a symmetric random walk. Assuming continuously distributed step sizes, we describe the optimal stopping rules for the cases $n=2$ and $n=3$ in two versions of the problem: a "full information" version in which the actual steps of the random walk are disclosed to the decision maker; and a "partial information" version in which only the relative ranks of the positions taken by the random walk are observed. When $n=3$, the optimal rule and expected rank depend on the distribution of the step sizes. We give sharp bounds for the optimal expected rank in the partial information version, and fairly sharp bounds in the full information version.
description: 18 pages, 2 tables
Optical Color Gradients in Star-Forming Ring Galaxies
Creators: name: Korchagin, V.
name: Mayya, Y. D.
name: Vorobyov, E. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute radial color gradients produced by an outwardly propagating circular wave of star formation and compare our results with color gradients observed in the classical ring galaxy, the ``Cartwheel''. We invoke two independent models of star formation in the ring galaxies. The first one is the conventional density wave scenario, in which an intruder galaxy creates a radially propagating density wave accompanied by an enhanced star formation following the Schmidt law. The second scenario is a pure self-propagating star formation model, in which the intruder only sets off the first burst of stars at the point of impact. Both models give essentially the same results. Systematic reddening of B-V, V-K colors towards the center, such as that observed in the Cartwheel, can be obtained only if the abundance of heavy elements in the star-forming gas is a few times below solar. The B-V and V-K color gradients observed in the Cartwheel can be explained as a result of mixing of stellar populations born in a star-forming wave propagating through a low-metallicity gaseous disk, and a pre-existing stellar disk of the size of the gaseous disk with color properties typical to those observed in nearby disk galaxies.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Divergence of neutron microbeams from planar waveguides
Creators: name: Kozhevnikov, S. V.
name: Zhaketov, V. D.
name: Keller, T.
name: Khaydukov, Yu. N.
name: Ott, F.
name: Radu, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron planar waveguides are focusing devices generating a narrow neutron beam of submicron width. Such a neutron microbeam can be used for the investigation of local microstructures with high spatial resolution. The essential parameter of the microbeam is its angular width. The main contribution to the microbeam angular divergence is Fraunhofer diffraction on a narrow slit. We review and discuss various ways to characterize the angular divergence of the neutron microbeam using time-of-flight and fixed wavelength reflectometers.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures. Submitted to NIM A
Large Language Models for Mathematicians
Creators: name: Frieder, Simon
name: Berner, Julius
name: Petersen, Philipp
name: Lukasiewicz, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have received immense interest for their general-purpose language understanding and, in particular, their ability to generate high-quality text or computer code. For many professions, LLMs represent an invaluable tool that can speed up and improve the quality of work. In this note, we discuss to what extent they can aid professional mathematicians. We first provide a mathematical description of the transformer model used in all modern language models. Based on recent studies, we then outline best practices and potential issues and report on the mathematical abilities of language models. Finally, we shed light on the potential of LLMs to change how mathematicians work.
MOESM5 of Utility of 5-(furan-2-yl)-3-(p-tolyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds with antimicrobial activity
Creators: name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
name: Sayed, Ibrahim El
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Hussein, Ahmed
name: Mangoud Mangoud
name: Hosny, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. 1H NMR, Mass and IR spectra of compound (5).
Assessment on the Potential Use of Roller Road Barrier at Megadike East Access Road in San Fernando, Pampanga
Creators: name: Ernie G. Manabat, John Gabriel B. Gran, Lovell C. Perez Jr, Erica A. Santos, Ricalyn V. Sarmiento, Alvin D. Velasco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Electrical Utility in Nepal is having the problems in demand side management. For analyzing the issues, Utility has to recognize the consumption pattern of consumers as monthly, category, reading area and season wise consumptions. Monthly consumptions say that which month is having maximum and minimum demand of electricity. Similarly, which consumers’ category require maximum and minimum electricity, same analysis is done for reading areas. Seasonal analysis of consumptions behavior of consumers may find the real demand of electricity at seasonal basis. NEA still has the electrical crisis in dry seasons. To fulfill the demand of electricity in dry season, NEA is importing the electrical power from India. Similarly,one can analyze the actual demand of consumer by reading area, category, month and season. Data mining is done by using ICT tools like Python and MySQL.

In thisarticle, consumption patterns of consumers are to be recognized for enhancing and upgradation of existing supply chain of electrical network which helps in proper demand side management in monthly, reading areas, consumers’ category as well as seasonal basis. This helps on determination of actual demand of electrical energy so that NEA can manage the electrical crisis optimally.
On the Stability of the O(N)-Invariant and the Cubic-Invariant 3-Dimensional $N$-Component Renormalization Group Fixed Points in the Hierarchical Approximation
Creators: name: Pinn, K.
name: Rehwald, M.
name: Wieczerkowski, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute renormalization group fixed points and their spectrum in an ultralocal approximation. We study a case of two competing non-trivial fixed points for a three-dimensional real $N$-component field: the O(N)-invariant fixed point vs.~the cubic-invariant fixed point. We compute the critical value $N_{c}$ of the cubic $ϕ^{4}$-perturbation at the O(N)-fixed point. The O(N) fixed point is stable under a cubic $ϕ^{4}$-perturbation below $N_{c}$, above $N_{c}$ it is unstable. The critical value comes out as $2.219435
description: 27 pages Latex2e, 4 figures
การพัฒนาการจัดการเรียนรู้แบบ MCIS ต่อมโนมติเรื่อง พันธะเคมี ของนักเรียนชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 4
Creators: name: ภาณุ บุตรวิเศษ
Publisher: name: หน่วยวิจัยวิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยี และสิ่งแวดล้อมเพื่อการเรียนรู้ คณะวิทยาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยศรีนครินทรวิโรฒ
Year: 2558
Subjects: มโนมติเรื่องพันธะเคมี
การจัดการเรียนรู้แบบ MCIS
การวิจัยเชิงปฏิบัติการ

description: วารสารหน่วยวิจัยวิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยี และสิ่งแวดล้อมเพื่อการเรียนรู้ (JSTEL), 6, 2, 156-174
Quantization of the electromagnetic field outside static black holes and its application to low-energy phenomena
Creators: name: Crispino, L. C. B.
name: Higuchi, A.
name: Matsas, G. E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Gupta-Bleuler quantization of the free electromagnetic field outside static black holes in the Boulware vacuum. We use a gauge which reduces to the Feynman gauge in Minkowski spacetime. We also discuss its relation with gauges used previously. Then we apply the low-energy sector of this field theory to investigate some low-energy phenomena. First, we discuss the response rate of a static charge outside the Schwarzschild black hole in four dimensions. Next, motivated by string physics, we compute the absorption cross sections of low-energy plane waves for the Schwarzschild and extreme Reissner-Nordström black holes in arbitrary dimensions higher than three.
description: 26 pages (revtex), no figures, misprints in some conditions corrected
การเรียนรู้เรื่อง วัฏจักรเซลล์และไมโทซิส ด้วยการสืบเสาะวิทยาศาสตร์: แนวทางเชิงรุกเพื่อเพิ่มผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนและความคงทนของความรู้
Creators: name: สุภาพร พรไตร
Publisher: name: หน่วยวิจัยวิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยี และสิ่งแวดล้อมเพื่อการเรียนรู้ คณะวิทยาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยศรีนครินทรวิโรฒ
Year: 2558
Subjects: การสืบเสาะวิทยาศาสตร์
วัฏจักรเซลล์
ไมโทซิส
ผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียน
ความคงทนของความรู้

description: วารสารหน่วยวิจัยวิทยาศาสตร์ เทคโนโลยี และสิ่งแวดล้อมเพื่อการเรียนรู้ (JSTEL), 6, 2, 175-187
Microscopic theory of vortex dynamics in homogeneous superconductors
Creators: name: Ao, P.
name: Zhu, X. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex dynamics in fermionic superfluids is carefully considered from the microscopic point of view. Finite temperatures, as well as impurities, are explicitly incorporated. To enable readers understand the physical implications, macroscopic demonstrations based on thermodynamics and fluctuations- dissipation theorems are constructed. For the first time a clear summary and a critical review of previous results are given.
description: Presentations are made more straightforward. A detailed presentation that why the vortex friction is finite when the geometric phase exists, as required by referees, though I think it is obvious
Definite photon deflections of topological defects in metasurfaces and symmetry-breaking phase transitions with material loss
Creators: name: Sheng, Chong
name: Liu, Hui
name: Chen, Huanyang
name: Zhu, Shining
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combination of topology and general relativity can lead to some profound and farsighted predictions. It is well known that symmetry breaking of the Higgs vacuum field in the early universe possibly induced topological defects in spacetime, whose nontrivial effects can provide some clues about the universe's origin. Here, by using an artificial waveguide bounded with rotational metasurface, the nontrivial effects of a topological defect of spacetime are experimentally emulated. The photon deflection in the topological waveguide has a robust definite angle that does not depend on the location and momentum of incident photons. This is remarkably different from the random optical scattering in trivial space. By including material loss such a topological effect can be well understood from the symmetry breaking of photonic modes. Our technique provides a platform to investigate topological gravity in optical systems. This method can also be extended to obtain many other novel topological photonic devices.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Application of AI in Nutrition
Creators: name: Ramakrishnan, Ritu
name: Xing, Tianxiang
name: Chen, Tianfeng
name: Lee, Ming-Hao
name: Gao, Jinzhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In healthcare, artificial intelligence (AI) has been changing the way doctors and health experts take care of people. This paper will cover how AI is making major changes in the health care system, especially with nutrition. Various machine learning and deep learning algorithms have been developed to extract valuable information from healthcare data which help doctors, nutritionists, and health experts to make better decisions and make our lifestyle healthy. This paper provides an overview of the current state of AI applications in healthcare with a focus on the utilization of AI-driven recommender systems in nutrition. It will discuss the positive outcomes and challenges that arise when AI is used in this field. This paper addresses the challenges to develop AI recommender systems in healthcare, providing a well-rounded perspective on the complexities. Real-world examples and research findings are presented to underscore the tangible and significant impact AI recommender systems have in the field of healthcare, particularly in nutrition. The ongoing efforts of applying AI in nutrition lay the groundwork for a future where personalized recommendations play a pivotal role in guiding individuals toward healthier lifestyles.
Numerical Calculations of the B1g Raman Spectrum of the Two-Dimensional Heisenberg Model
Creators: name: Sandvik, A. W.
name: Capponi, S.
name: Poilblanc, D.
name: Dagotto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The B1g Raman spectrum of the two-dimensional S=1/2 Heisenberg model is discussed within Loudon-Fleury theory at both zero and finite temperature. The exact T=0 spectrum for lattices with up to 6*6 sites is computed using Lanczos exact diagonalization. A quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method is used to calculate the corresponding imaginary-time correlation function and its first two derivatives for lattices with up to 16*16 spins. The imaginary-time data is continued to real frequency using the maximum-entropy method, as well as a fit based on spinwave theory. The numerical results are compared with spinwave calculations for finite lattices. There is a surprisingly large change in the exact spectrum going from 4*4 to 6*6 sites. In the former case there is a single dominant two-magnon peak at frequency w/J appr. 3.0, whereas in the latter case there are two approximately equal-sized peaks at w/J appr. 2.7 and 3.9. This is in good qualitative agreement with the spinwave calculations including two-magnon processes on the same lattices. Both the Lanczos and the QMC results indicate that the actual infinite-size two-magnon profile is broader than the narrow peak obtained in spinwave theory, but the positions of the maxima agree to within a few percent. The higher-order contributions present in the numerical results are merged with the two-magnon profile and extend up to frequencies w/J appr. 7. The first three frequency cumulants of the spectrum are in excellent agreement with results previously obtained from a series expansion around the Ising limit. Typical experimental B1g$ spectra for La2CuO4 are only slightly broader than what we obtain here. The exchange constant extracted from the peak position is J appr. 1400K, in good agreement with values obtained from neutron scattering and NMR experiments.
description: 15 pages, Revtex, 13 PostScript figures
The Gaia Ultra-Cool Dwarf Sample -- II: Structure at the end of the main sequence
Creators: name: Smart, R. L.
name: Marocco, F.
name: Sarro, L. M.
name: Barrado, D.
name: Beamin, J. C.
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Jones, H. R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify and investigate known late M, L and T dwarfs in the Gaia second data release. This sample is being used as a training set in the Gaia data processing chain of the ultra cool dwarfs work package. We find 695 objects in the optical spectral range M8 to T6 with accurate Gaia coordinates, proper motions, and parallaxes which we combine with published spectral types and photometry from large area optical and infrared sky surveys. We find that 100 objects are in 47 multiple systems, of which 27 systems are published and 20 are new. These will be useful benchmark systems and we discuss the requirements to produce a complete catalog of multiple systems with an ultra cool dwarf component. We examine the magnitudes in the Gaia passbands and find that the GBP magnitudes are unreliable and should not be used for these objects. We examine progressively redder colour magnitude diagrams and see a notable increase in the main sequence scatter and a bivariate main sequence for old and young objects. We provide an absolute magnitude spectral sub-type calibration for G and GRP passbands along with linear fits over the range M8 L8 for other passbands.
description: 19 pages, 24 figures, submitted to MNRAS but still time to make minor changes
Linear Index Coding With Multiple Senders and Extension to a Cellular Network
Creators: name: Kim, Jae-Won
name: No, Jong-Seon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, linear index codes with multiple senders are studied, where every receiver receives encoded messages from all senders. A new fitting matrix for the multiple senders is proposed and it is proved that the minimum rank of the proposed fitting matrices is the optimal codelength of linear index codes for the multiple senders. In addition, a new type of a side information graph related with the optimal codelength is proposed and whether given side information is critical or not is studied. Furthermore, linear index codes for the cellular network scenario are studied, where each receiver can receive a subset of sub-codewords. Since some receivers cannot receive the entire codeword in the cellular network scenario, the encoding method based on the fitting matrix has to be modified. In the cellular network scenario, we propose another fitting matrix and prove that an optimal generator matrix can be found based on these fitting matrices. In addition, some properties on the optimal codelength of linear index codes for the cellular network case are studied.
Linking people, linking places: a study of electronic mail-based communications and networks in the library world with special reference to PACS-L
Creators: name: Cham, Mei-Mei
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Linking people, linking places: a study of electronic mail-based communications and networks in the library world with special reference to PACS-L
Spread complexity for measurement-induced non-unitary dynamics and Zeno effect
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Aranya
name: Das, Rathindra Nath
name: Dey, Bidyut
name: Erdmenger, Johanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using spread complexity and spread entropy, we study non-unitary quantum dynamics. For non-hermitian Hamiltonians, we extend the bi-Lanczos construction for the Krylov basis to the Schrödinger picture. Moreover, we implement an algorithm adapted to complex symmetric Hamiltonians. This reduces the computational memory requirements by half compared to the bi-Lanczos construction. We apply this construction to the one-dimensional tight-binding Hamiltonian subject to repeated measurements at fixed small time intervals, resulting in effective non-unitary dynamics. We find that the spread complexity initially grows with time, followed by an extended decay period and saturation. The choice of initial state determines the saturation value of complexity and entropy. In analogy to measurement-induced phase transitions, we consider a quench between hermitian and non-hermitian Hamiltonian evolution induced by turning on regular measurements at different frequencies. We find that as a function of the measurement frequency, the time at which the spread complexity starts growing increases. This time asymptotes to infinity when the time gap between measurements is taken to zero, indicating the onset of the quantum Zeno effect, according to which measurements impede time evolution.
description: Minor modification, published in JHEP, matches published version
A Mathematical Model for the Behavior of Individuals in a Social Field
Creators: name: Helbing, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Related to an idea of Lewin, a mathematical model for behavioral changes under the influence of a social field is developed. The social field reflects public opinion, social norms and trends. It is not only given by external factors (the environment) but also by the interactions of individuals. Two important kinds of interaction processes are distinguished: Imitative and avoidance processes. Variations of individual behavior are taken into account by ``diffusion coefficients''.
description: For related work see http://www.theo2.physik.uni-stuttgart.de/helbing.html
Additional file 7: of Discovery of isomiRs in PBMCs of diseased vis-Ă -vis healthy Indian water buffaloes
Creators: name: Jasdeep Dhanoa
name: Jasdeep Singh
name: Singh, Amarjit
name: Jaspreet Arora
name: R. Sethi
name: C. Mukhopadhyay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Table S4. Novel mature Common isomiRs Brucella Nili Ravi and Healthy Murrah. (DOCX 52 kb)
Internal avalanches in a pile of superconducting vortices
Creators: name: Behnia, K.
name: Capan, C.
name: Mailly, D.
name: Etienne, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an array of miniature Hall probes, we monitored the spatiotemporal variation of the internal magnetic induction in a superconducting niobium sample during a slow sweep of external magnetic field. We found that a sizable fraction of the increase in the local vortex population occurs in abrupt jumps. The size distribution of these avalanches presents a power-law collapse on a limited range. In contrast, at low temperatures and low fields, huge avalanches with a typical size occur and the system does not display a well-defined macroscopic critical current.
description: 5 pages including 5 figures
title: How We Defeated Shell. Milieudefensie et al. c. Royal Dutch Shell. Uno sguardo dietro le quinte
Creators: name: Serafinelli, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2024

description: Il 26 maggio 2021, nei Paesi Bassi, il Tribunale distrettuale dell’Aja ha pronunciato una storica sentenza, giudicando in favore di un gruppo di associazioni ambientaliste e affermando la responsabilità civile da cambiamento climatico della Royal Dutch Shell PLC. A séguito della pronuncia, l’associazione capofila – l’olandese Milieudefensie – ha pubblicato una guida, emblematicamente intitolata "How We Defeated Shell. Milieudefensie et al. c. Royal Dutch Shell PLC – a peek behind the scenes", su come citare in giudizio le imprese altamente inquinanti. Il volume ne offre una traduzione in italiano, alla quale viene anteposto un saggio di taglio scientifico funzionale a collocare la pubblicazione e la pronuncia olandese nel più ampio panorama del contenzioso climatico, sub specie civile.
Kruskal coordinates as canonical variables for Schwarzschild black holes
Creators: name: Varadarajan, Madhavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a transformation from the usual ADM metric-extrinsic curvature variables on the phase space of Schwarzschild black holes, to new canonical variables which have the interpretation of Kruskal coordinates. We explicitly show that this transformation is non-singular, even at the horizon. The constraints of the theory simplify in terms of the new canonical variables and are equivalent to the vanishing of the canonical momenta. Our work is based on earlier seminal work by Kuchar in which he reconstructed curvature coordinates and a mass function from spherically symmetric canonical data. The key feature in our construction of a nonsingular canonical transformation to Kruskal variables, is the scaling of the curvature coordinate variables by the mass function rather than by the mass at left spatial infinity.
description: 18 pages, no figures
Fast convergence to an approximate solution by message-passing for complex optimizations
Creators: name: Hayashi, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Message-passing (MP) is a powerful tool for finding an approximate solution in optimization. We generalize it to nonlinear product-sum form, and numerically show the fast convergence for the minimum feedback vertex set and the minimum vertex cover known as NP-hard problems. From the linearity of MP in a logarithmic space, it is derived that an equilibrium solution exists in a neighborhood of random initial values. These results will give one of the reason why the convergence is very fast in collective computation based on a common mathematical background.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables