cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deposition of Ga2O3 thin films by liquid metal target sputtering
Creators: name: Zubkins, Martins
name: Vibornijs, Viktors
name: Strods, Edvards
name: Butanovs, Edgars
name: Bikse, Liga
name: Ottosson, Mikael
name: Hallén, Anders
name: Gabrusenoks, Jevgenijs
name: Purans, Juris
name: Azens, Andris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports on the deposition of amorphous and crystalline thin films of Ga2O3 by reactive pulsed direct current magnetron sputtering from a liquid gallium target onto fused (f-) quartz and c plane (c-) sapphire substrates, where the temperature of the substrate is varied from room temperature (RT) to 800°C. The deposition rate (up to 37 nm/min at RT on f-quartz and 5 nm/min at 800°C on c-sapphire) is two to five times higher than the data given in the literature for radio frequency sputtering. Deposited onto unheated substrates, the films are X-ray amorphous. Well-defined X-ray diffraction peaks of \b{eta}-Ga2O3 start to appear at a substrate temperature of 500°C. Films grown on c-sapphire at temperatures above 600°C are epitaxial. However, the high rocking curve full width at half maximum values of {\approx} 2.4-2.5° are indicative of the presence of defects. A dense and void-free microstructure is observed in electron microscopy images. Composition analysis show stoichiometry close to Ga2O3 and no traces of impurities. The optical properties of low absorptance (<1%) in the visible range and an optical band gap of approximately 5 eV are consistent with the data in the literature for Ga2O3 films produced by other deposition methods.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
A scientometric analysis of the 100 most cited articles on magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound
Creators: name: Rezai, Ali
name: Krishna, Vibhor
name: Garg, Kanwaljeet
name: Ranjan, Manish
name: Singh, Manmohan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background Diagnostic ultrasound has long been a part of a physician’s armamentarium, but transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) is an emerging treatment of neurological disorders. Consequently, the literature in this field is increasing at a rapid pace.ObjectiveThis analysis was aimed to identify the top-cited articles on FUS to discern their origin, spread, current trends highlighting future impact of this novel neurosurgical intervention.MethodsWe searched the Web of Science database on 28th May 2021 and identified the top 100 cited articles. These articles were analyzed with various scientometric parameters like the authors, corresponding authors, country of corresponding author, journal of publication, year of publication. Citation based parameters including total citations, mean citations per article and mean citations, citation count, and the citation per year, citations per year and co-authors per document were studied as well in addition to Hirsch h-index, g-index, m-index, Bradford’s Law, Lotka’s law and Collaboration index.ResultsThe 100 top-cited articles were published between 1998 and 2019 in 45 different journals. The average citations per document and citations per document per year were 97.78 and 12.47, respectively. The most prolific authors were Hynynen K (Medical Biophysics—Toronto), Elias WJ (Neurosurgery—Virginia), Zadicario (InSightec). The Journal of Neurosurgery published the most top-cited articles (n = 11), and most articles originated from the United States, followed by Canada. Among individual institutions, the University of Toronto was the most productive. Conclusion FUS is an emerging treatment of neurological disorders. With its increasing application, the FUS literature is increasing rapidly. Eleven countries contributed to the top 100 cited articles, with the top 2 countries (the United States and Canada) contributing to more than half of these articles.
Additional file 1 of The effect of TLR3 priming conditions on MSC immunosuppressive properties
Creators: name: Tolstova, Tatiana
name: Dotsenko, Ekaterina
name: Kozhin, Peter
name: Novikova, Svetlana
name: Zgoda, Victor
name: Rusanov, Alexander
name: Luzgina, Nataliya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in the study
Quadrupole deformation signatures in elastic electron scattering from oriented odd-A nuclei
Creators: name: Sarriguren, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elastic electron scattering from oriented odd-Aaxially deformed nuclei is studied in the plane-wave Born approximation. The nuclear structure is described within a microscopic selfconsistent Skyrme deformed Hartree-Fock approximation with pairing correlations. The interference form factors between monopole and quadrupole Coulomb terms that characterize the nuclear response with aligned nuclear targets are shown to increase or decrease the unpolarized cross-section, depending on the sign of the quadrupole deformation. This feature provides valuable information on the nuclear deformation that can be used as a signature of the oblate or prolate character of the nuclear shape. Some selected cases of nuclei with different spins are presented that exemplify the scope of the method.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
title: Analysis of the impact of the commercialisation and corporatisation of universities on academic identity and accounting education: A case study of an Indonesian private university
Creators: name: Tandiono, Rosaline
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: corporatisation, commercialisation, private universities, family, accounting education, academic identity, institutional logics, institutionalisation, case study, Indonesia.

description: Despite a large number of discussions on the corporatisation of universities, there is a limited understanding of how and why universities in the private sector become commercialised. Similarly, although scholars have criticised the effect of the corporatisation of universities, little attempt has been made to theorise the impact of such a phenomenon on the overall organisation, academic identity and accounting education. This thesis fills the vacuum by examining a private family-owned university in Indonesia as its case study. The choice of a family-owned university is owing to its growing popularity, including in Indonesia. In addition, the family-type university’s unique characteristics enrich the understanding of a private university’s commercialisation. As its theoretical lens, this study uses institutional logics to gain insight into how multiple logics affect a private family-owned university. Specifically, this study focuses on four selected logics – academic, business, family, and social. The rationale behind focusing on these four logics is due to their relevance to the case being investigated. Thus, the institutional logics are used to analyse the origin and the development of the four selected logics in a private family-owned university and to investigate the logics’ implications on the university as a whole, its academic identity, and its accounting education. This study’s empirical data is mainly derived from interviews but, additionally, the study relies on observation and other documents gathered during the fieldwork and published on the internet. This study’s findings suggest that ownership factors influence the emergence and dominance of business logics in the university. Family logics, although not dominant, are always present and support business logics. The academic and social logics emerge as additional logics and serve to legitimise the university. Consequently, nearly all the university’s practices are affected by the dominant business logics. The prevailing business logic also changes the way in which academics perceive themselves, resulting in a divergent academic identity. Lastly, the dominant business logic also indirectly affects accounting education. In this study, the dominant business logic limits the accounting academics’ professional development in viewing accounting beyond the technical course.
Additional file 1 of Clinical situations for which 3D Printing is considered an appropriate representation or extension of data contained in a medical imaging examination: vascular conditions
Creators: name: Lee, Joonhyuk
name: Chadalavada, Seetharam C.
name: Ghodadra, Anish
name: Ali, Arafat
name: Arribas, Elsa M.
name: Chepelev, Leonid
name: Ionita, Ciprian N.
name: Ravi, Prashanth
name: Ryan, Justin R.
name: Santiago, Lumarie
name: Wake, Nicole
name: Sheikh, Adnan M.
name: Rybicki, Frank J.
name: Ballard, David H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Stable soliton comb from dual ring microresonators
Creators: name: Karunakaran, Anamika Nair
name: Manetta, Angelo
name: Varming, Poul
name: Helgason, Oskar B.
name: Montague, Patrick
name: Pu, Minhao
name: Torres-Company, Victor
name: Yvind, Kresten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: SiN dual ring resonator
frequency comb generation
noise pump laser
frequency drifts
stable soliton

description: We present a packaged SiN dual ring resonator for frequency comb generation Using a low frequency noise pump laser and active
 temperature stabilization we alleviate frequency drifts and detuning fluctuations The resulting solitons are stable over several hours.
Long-Range Atom-Wall Interactions and Mixing Terms: Metastable Hydrogen
Creators: name: Jentschura, U. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interaction of metastable 2S hydrogen atoms with a perfectly conducting wall, including parity-breaking S-P mixing terms (with full account of retardation). The neighboring 2P_1/2 and 2P_3/2 levels are found to have a profound effect on the transition from the short-range, nonrelativistic regime, to the retarded form of the Casimir-Polder interaction. The corresponding P state admixtures to the metastable 2S state are calculated. We find the long-range asymptotics of the retarded Casimir-Polder potentials and mixing amplitudes, for general excited states, including a fully quantum electrodynamic treatment of the dipole-quadrupole mixing term. The decay width of the metastable 2S state is roughly doubled even at a comparatively large distance of 918 atomic units (Bohr radii) from the perfect conductor. The magnitude of the calculated effects is compared to the unexplained Sokolov effect.
description: 6 pages; RevTeX
How fundamental are fundamental constants?
Creators: name: Duff, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I argue that the laws of physics should be independent of one's choice of units or measuring apparatus. This is the case if they are framed in terms of dimensionless numbers such as the fine structure constant, alpha. For example, the Standard Model of particle physics has 19 such dimensionless parameters whose values all observers can agree on, irrespective of what clock, rulers, scales... they use to measure them. Dimensional constants, on the other hand, such as h, c, G, e, k..., are merely human constructs whose number and values differ from one choice of units to the next. In this sense only dimensionless constants are "fundamental". Similarly, the possible time variation of dimensionless fundamental "constants" of nature is operationally well-defined and a legitimate subject of physical enquiry. By contrast, the time variation of dimensional constants such as c or G on which a good many (in my opinion, confusing) papers have been written, is a unit-dependent phenomenon on which different observers might disagree depending on their apparatus. All these confusions disappear if one asks only unit-independent questions. We provide a selection of opposing opinions in the literature and respond accordingly.
description: Note added. 30 pages latex. 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:hep-th/0208093 (unpublished)
Axisymmetric gravity-capillary standing waves on the surface of a fluid
Creators: name: Fillette, Jules
name: Fauve, Stéphan
name: Falcon, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental study of axisymmetric gravity-capillary standing waves generated by a vertically vibrating ring partially immersed into a fluid. Different regimes of standing waves are highlighted at the basin center depending on the forcing parameters: linear, nonlinear, and ejection regimes. For weak forcing, the standing waves display a resonant response, close to a natural frequency of the circular basin, predicted by the linear theory. For stronger forcing, we observed that the experimental spatial profile of standing waves breaks the up-down symmetry, and is well described by a third-order nonlinear theory. When the forcing is further increased, the maximum height of the axisymmetric wave crest at the basin center is found to increase linearly with its wavelength, due to the saturation of its steepness, a result well captured by a proposed model.
Additional file 2 of Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer
Creators: name: Xun, Helen
name: Shallal, Christopher
name: Unger, Justin
name: Tao, Runhan
name: Torres, Alberto
name: Vladimirov, Michael
name: Frye, Jenna
name: Singhala, Mohit
name: Horne, Brockett
name: Kim, Bo Soo
name: Burke, Broc
name: Montana, Michael
name: Talcott, Michael
name: Winters, Bradford
name: Frisella, Margaret
name: Kushner, Bradley S.
name: Sacks, Justin M.
name: Guest, James K.
name: Kang, Sung Hoon
name: Caffrey, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Air-tightness tests of the Vent-Lock FloRest.
MeerKAT discovery of 13 new pulsars in Omega Centauri
Creators: name: Chen, W.
name: Freire, P. C. C.
name: Ridolfi, A.
name: Barr, E. D.
name: Stappers, B.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Ransom, S. M.
name: Levin, L.
name: Breton, R. P.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Camilo, F.
name: Buchner, S.
name: Champion, D. J.
name: Abbate, F.
name: Krishnan, V. Venkatraman
name: Padmanabh, P. V.
name: Gautam, T.
name: Vleeschower, L.
name: Geyer, M.
name: Grießmeier, J-M.
name: Men, Y. P.
name: Balakrishnan, V.
name: Bezuidenhout, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most massive globular cluster in our Galaxy, Omega Centauri, is an interesting target for pulsar searches, because of its multiple stellar populations and the intriguing possibility that it was once the nucleus of a galaxy that was absorbed into the Milky Way. The recent discoveries of pulsars in this globular cluster and their association with known X-ray sources was a hint that, given the large number of known X-ray sources, there is a much larger undiscovered pulsar population. We used the superior sensitivity of the MeerKAT radio telescope to search for pulsars in Omega Centauri. In this paper, we present some of the first results of this survey, including the discovery of 13 new pulsars; the total number of known pulsars in this cluster currently stands at 18. At least half of them are in binary systems and preliminary orbital constraints suggest that most of the binaries have light companions. We also discuss the ratio between isolated and binaries pulsars and how they were formed in this cluster.
Comparison between HIV self-testing and facility-based HIV testing approach on HIV early detection among men who have sex with men: A cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Ni, Yuxin
name: Lu, Ying
name: Feng, Yunlong
name: Cui, Mingting
name: Huang, Shanzi
name: Li, Jiarun
name: Tang, Haotong
name: Lyu, Hang
name: Zhou, Yi
name: Wang, Yuyu
name: Jing, Fengshi
name: Guo, Zhihui
name: Xu, Yao
name: Mei, Wenhua
name: Huang, Shaoli
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background To assess whether HIV self-testing (HIVST) has a better performance in identifying HIV-infected cases than the facility-based HIV testing (HIVFBT) approach. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among men who have sex with men (MSM) by using an online questionnaire (including information on sociodemographic, sexual biography, and HIV testing history) and blood samples (for limiting antigen avidity enzyme immunoassay, gene subtype testing, and taking confirmed HIV test). MSM who were firstly identified as HIV positive through HIVST and HIVFBT were compared. Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used to explore any association between both groups and their subgroups. Results In total, 124 MSM HIV cases were identified from 2017 to 2021 in Zhuhai, China, including 60 identified through HIVST and 64 through HIVFBT. Participants in the HIVST group were younger (≤30 years, 76.7% vs. 46.9%), were better educated (>high school, 61.7% vs. 39.1%), and had higher viral load (≥1,000 copies/ml, 71.7% vs. 50.0%) than MSM cases identified through HIVFBT. The proportion of early HIV infection in the HIVST group was higher than in the HIVFBT group, identified using four recent infection testing algorithms (RITAs) (RITA 1, 46.7% vs. 25.0%; RITA 2, 43.3% vs. 20.3%; RITA 3, 30.0% vs. 14.1%; RITA 4, 26.7% vs. 10.9%; all p < 0.05). Conclusions The study showed that HIVST has better HIV early detection among MSM and that recent HIV infection cases mainly occur in younger and better-educated MSM. Compared with HIVFBT, HIVST is more accessible to the most at-risk population on time and tends to identify the case early. Further implementation studies are needed to fill the knowledge gap on this medical service model among MSM and other target populations.
Room-temperature addressing of single rare-earth atoms in optical fiber
Creators: name: Takezawa, Mikio
name: Suzuki, Ryota
name: Takahashi, Junichi
name: Shimizu, Kaito
name: Naruki, Ayumu
name: Katsumata, Kazutaka
name: Nemoto, Kae
name: Sadgrove, Mark
name: Sanaka, Kaoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare-earth (RE) atoms in solid-state materials are attractive components for photonic quantum information systems because of their coherence properties even in high-temperature environments. We have experimentally performed the single-site optical spectroscopy and optical addressing of a single RE atom in an amorphous silica optical fiber at room temperature. The single-site optical spectroscopy of the tapered RE-doped fiber shows nonresonant emission lines similar to those seen in the case of an unstructured fiber and the autocorrelation function of photons emitted from the fiber shows the antibunching effect due to the spatial isolation given by the tapered fiber structure. The ability to address single RE atoms at room temperature provides a very stable and cost-effective technical platform for the realization of a solid-state system for a large-scale quantum optical network and other quantum technologies based on a large number of spectral channels from visible to midinfrared wavelengths.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Contraceptive method use trajectories among young women in Kenya: A qualitative study
Creators: name: Waga, Erick
name: Onyango, Bernard
name: Benova, Lenka
name: van den Akker, Thomas
name: McGuire, Courtney
name: Calhoun, Lisa M.
name: Speizer, Ilene S.
name: Zulu, Eliya M.
name: Mandal, Mahua
name: Delvaux, Thérèse
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background Many young women experience important key life transitions during adolescence and early adulthood, such as initiation of sexual activity, first use of contraceptives, marriage, and childbirth. For young women to be able to plan and manage their lives, it is critical to understand how these life events intersect and shape their contraceptive decision-making. This study aims to explore young women's contraceptive method use trajectories, including the factors that influence contraceptive decision-making throughout adolescence and youth. Methodology In 2019, the Full Access, Full Choice project (FAFC), implemented by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and the African Institute for Development Policy, conducted 30 in-depth interviews with young women aged 18–24 years in three counties in Kenya (Nairobi, Mombasa and Migori). Eligible respondents had used two or more modern contraceptive methods. Interview guides utilized a modified life history approach to capture details about respondents' contraceptive use and life experiences from the time they first used contraception until the time of interview.ResultsWe identified five separate contraceptive use trajectories based on the occurrence and timing of marriage, childbirth, and contraceptive method choice as well as various influences on contraceptive decision-making. The majority of respondents began their contraceptive journey by using male condoms or emergency contraception, but subsequent contraceptive decisions were varied across trajectories and influenced by different factors. For many women, the initiation of a non-coitally dependent method occurred after the birth of a child; for some, this was the first method used. Once women transitioned to using a non-coitally dependent method such as injectables or implants, many cycled through different methods to find one that had fewer side effects or provided the desired duration of protection. Discussion This study highlights the nuanced needs of young women throughout their adolescent and youth years in Kenya. This suggests that programs and policies need to encompass young women's diversity of experiences and motivations to best serve them.
New Luminous Blue Variables in the Andromeda galaxy
Creators: name: Sholukhova, O.
name: Bizyaev, D.
name: Fabrika, S.
name: Sarkisyan, A.
name: Malanushenko, V.
name: Valeev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed spectroscopy of five Luminous Blue Variable (LBV) candidates and two known LBV stars (AE And and Var A-1) in M31. We obtained the same-epoch near-infrared (NIR) and optical spectra of these stars. The NIR spectra were taken with Triplespec spectrograph at the 3.5-m telescope at Apache Point Observatory, and the optical spectroscopy was done with SCORPIO focal reducer at the 6-m BTA telescope (SAO RAS). The candidates demonstrate typical LBV features in their spectra: broad and strong hydrogen lines, HeI, FeII, and [FeII] lines. All our candidates show photometric variability. We develop a new approach to the LBV parameters estimation based on the inherent property of LBVs to change their spectral type at constant bolometric luminosity. We compare the spectral energy distributions of the variable stars obtained in two or more different states and estimate temperatures, reddening, radii and luminosities of the stars using this method. Two considered candidates (J004526.62+415006.3 and J004051.59+403303.0) have to be classified as new LBV stars. Two more candidates are, apparently, B[e]-supergiants. The nature of one more star (J004350.50+414611.4) is not clear. It does not show obvious LBV-like variability and remains an LBV-candidate.
description: to appear in MNRAS, 10 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 1 of A systematic review of faculty development programs based on the Harden teacher’s role framework model
Creators: name: Kohan, Mahmoud
name: Changiz, Tahereh
name: Yamani, Nikoo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. A copy of the search strategy used within MEDLINE/PubMed database.
Additional file 3 of Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer
Creators: name: Xun, Helen
name: Shallal, Christopher
name: Unger, Justin
name: Tao, Runhan
name: Torres, Alberto
name: Vladimirov, Michael
name: Frye, Jenna
name: Singhala, Mohit
name: Horne, Brockett
name: Kim, Bo Soo
name: Burke, Broc
name: Montana, Michael
name: Talcott, Michael
name: Winters, Bradford
name: Frisella, Margaret
name: Kushner, Bradley S.
name: Sacks, Justin M.
name: Guest, James K.
name: Kang, Sung Hoon
name: Caffrey, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Design files for Vent-Lock splitters, needle valve, and manometer adaptor.
Prevalence and diversity of type VI secretion systems in a model beneficial symbiosis
Creators: name: Septer, Alecia N.
name: Clark, Emily Grace
name: Chien, Iris
name: Warwick, Alexander M.
name: Krueger, Madelyn
name: Suria, Andrea M.
name: Wilkins, Hannah
name: Smith, Stephanie
name: Speare, Lauren
name: Chen, Yuzhou
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is widely distributed in diverse bacterial species and habitats where it is required for interbacterial competition and interactions with eukaryotic cells. Previous work described the role of a T6SS in the beneficial symbiont, Vibrio fischeri, during colonization of the light organ of Euprymna scolopes squid. However, the prevalence and diversity of T6SSs found within the distinct symbiotic structures of this model host have not yet been determined. Here, we analyzed 73 genomes of isolates from squid light organs and accessory nidamental glands (ANGs) and 178 reference genomes. We found that the majority of these bacterial symbionts encode diverse T6SSs from four distinct classes, and most share homology with T6SSs from more distantly related species, including pathogens of animals and humans. These findings indicate that T6SSs with shared evolutionary histories can be integrated into the cellular systems of host-associated bacteria with different effects on host health. Furthermore, we found that one T6SS in V. fischeri is located within a genomic island with high genomic plasticity. Five distinct genomic island genotypes were identified, suggesting this region encodes diverse functional potential that natural selection can act on. Finally, analysis of newly described T6SSs in roseobacter clade ANG isolates revealed a novel predicted protein that appears to be a fusion of the TssB-TssC sheath components. This work underscores the importance of studying T6SSs in diverse organisms and natural habitats to better understand how T6SSs promote the propagation of bacterial populations and impact host health.
Self-consistent dynamical models with a finite extent -- II. Radially truncated models
Creators: name: Baes, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxies, dark matter haloes, and star clusters have a finite extent, yet most simple dynamical models have an infinite extent. The default method to generate dynamical models with a finite extent is to apply an energy truncation to the distribution function, but this approach is not suited to construct models with a preset density profile and it imposes unphysical constraints on the orbit population. We investigate whether it is possible to construct simple dynamical models for spherical systems with a preset density profile with a finite extent, and ideally with a different range of orbital structures. We systematically investigate the consistency of radially truncated dynamical models, and demonstrate that no spherical models with a discontinuous density truncation can be supported by an ergodic orbital structure. On the other hand, we argue that many radially truncated models can be supported by a tangential Osipkov-Merritt orbital structure that becomes completely tangential at the truncation radius. We formulate a consistency hypothesis for radially truncated models with such an orbital structure, and test it using an analytical example and the numerical exploration of a large model parameter space using the SpheCow code. We physically interpret our results in terms of the occupancy of bound orbits, and we discuss possible extensions of the tangential Osipkov-Merritt orbital structure that can support radially truncated models.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
From classical mendelian randomization to causal networks for systematic integration of multi-omics
Creators: name: Mendez-Giraldez, Raul
name: Yazdani, Akram
name: Yazdani, Azam
name: Kosorok, Michael R.
name: Schaid, Daniel J.
name: Samiei, Ahmad
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The number of studies with information at multiple biological levels of granularity, such as genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, is increasing each year, and a biomedical questaion is how to systematically integrate these data to discover new biological mechanisms that have the potential to elucidate the processes of health and disease. Causal frameworks, such as Mendelian randomization (MR), provide a foundation to begin integrating data for new biological discoveries. Despite the growing number of MR applications in a wide variety of biomedical studies, there are few approaches for the systematic analysis of omic data. The large number and diverse types of molecular components involved in complex diseases interact through complex networks, and classical MR approaches targeting individual components do not consider the underlying relationships. In contrast, causal network models established in the principles of MR offer significant improvements to the classical MR framework for understanding omic data. Integration of these mostly distinct branches of statistics is a recent development, and we here review the current progress. To set the stage for causal network models, we review some recent progress in the classical MR framework. We then explain how to transition from the classical MR framework to causal networks. We discuss the identification of causal networks and evaluate the underlying assumptions. We also introduce some tests for sensitivity analysis and stability assessment of causal networks. We then review practical details to perform real data analysis and identify causal networks and highlight some of the utility of causal networks. The utilities with validated novel findings reveal the full potential of causal networks as a systems approach that will become necessary to integrate large-scale omic data.
Combining Riesz bases in $R^d$
Creators: name: Kozma, Gady
name: Nitzan, Shahaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that every finite union of rectangles in $R^d$ admits a Riesz basis of exponentials.
description: 14 pages
Random Field Driven Spatial Complexity at the Mott Transition in VO2
Creators: name: Liu, Shuo
name: Phillabaum, B.
name: Carlson, E. W.
name: Dahmen, K. A.
name: Vidhyadhiraja, N. S.
name: Qazilbash, M. M.
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first application of critical cluster techniques to the Mott metal-insulator transition in vanadium dioxide. We show that the geometric properties of the metallic and insulating puddles observed by scanning near-field infrared microscopy are consistent with the system passing near criticality of the random field Ising model as temperature is varied. The resulting large barriers to equilibrium may be the source of the unusually robust hysteresis phenomena associated with the metal-insulator transition in this system.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 1 supplementary information
Additional file 4 of Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer
Creators: name: Xun, Helen
name: Shallal, Christopher
name: Unger, Justin
name: Tao, Runhan
name: Torres, Alberto
name: Vladimirov, Michael
name: Frye, Jenna
name: Singhala, Mohit
name: Horne, Brockett
name: Kim, Bo Soo
name: Burke, Broc
name: Montana, Michael
name: Talcott, Michael
name: Winters, Bradford
name: Frisella, Margaret
name: Kushner, Bradley S.
name: Sacks, Justin M.
name: Guest, James K.
name: Kang, Sung Hoon
name: Caffrey, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S4. Tests of tidal volume control with and without O-rings.
RelativisticDynamics.jl: Relativistic Spin-Orbital Dynamics in Julia
Creators: name: Kimpson, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RelativisticDynamics.jl is an open-source Julia package for relativistic spin-orbital dynamics in the gravitational strong-field of a Kerr spacetime. Existing codes for modelling the dynamics of spinning objects like pulsars in the strong-field regime are generally lacking, since such systems occupy an intermediate regime that is generally overlooked. At the "low" end of this regime there are post-Newtonian descriptions which neglect the influence of the pulsar spin on the underlying spacetime metric ("spin-curvature" coupling). At the "high" end there are the full numerical relativity solutions which are primarily applicable toe two black holes with a mass ratio $\mathcal{O}(1)$, and are computationally intractable for pulsar systems observed over a large number of orbital cycles. RelativisticDynamics.jl aims to bridge this gap by providing a modern, fast code for accurate numerical evolution of spinning relativistic systems via the Mathisson-Papetrou-Dixon formalism. Julia is a modern language that solves the "two language problem", enabling fast dynamic typing and JIT compilation on conjunction with petaflop performance, comparable with numerical languages that are better known in the astrophysics community such as C or Fortran. RelativisticDynamics.jl is written to be fully type flexible, being able to support arbitrary number formats, and fully differentiable via automatic differentiation.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in JOSS. Code available at https://github.com/tomkimpson/RelativisticDynamics.jl. Pull requests, issues, etc. welcome
Additional file 2 of A systematic review of faculty development programs based on the Harden teacher’s role framework model
Creators: name: Kohan, Mahmoud
name: Changiz, Tahereh
name: Yamani, Nikoo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Appendix 2. The Coding Sheet.
Critical review of conformational B-cell epitope prediction methods
Creators: name: Cia, Gabriel
name: Pucci, Fabrizio
name: Rooman, Marianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Accurate in-silico prediction of conformational B-cell epitopes would lead to major improvements in disease diagnostics, drug design and vaccine development. A variety of computational methods, mainly based on machine learning approaches, have been developed in the last decades to tackle this challenging problem. Here, we rigorously benchmarked nine state-of-the-art conformational B-cell epitope prediction webservers, including generic and antibody-specific methods, on a dataset of over 250 antibody-antigen structures. The results of our assessment and statistical analyses show that all the methods achieve very low performances, and some do not perform better than randomly generated patches of surface residues. In addition, we also found that commonly used consensus strategies that combine the results from multiple webservers are at best only marginally better than random. Finally, we applied all the predictors to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as an independent case study, and showed that they perform poorly in general, which largely recapitulates our benchmarking conclusions. We hope that these results will lead to greater caution when using these tools until the biases and issues that limit current methods have been addressed, promote the use of state-of-the-art evaluation methodologies in future publications, and suggest new strategies to improve the performance of conformational B-cell epitope prediction methods.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Combined study of microwave-power/linear-polarization dependence of the microwave-radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations in GaAs/AlGaAs devices
Creators: name: Ye, Tianyu
name: Liu, Han-Chun
name: Wegscheider, W.
name: Mani, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a combined microwave polarization-dependence and power-dependence study of the microwave-radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations in high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure devices at liquid helium temperatures. The diagonal resistance was measured with the magnetic field fixed at the extrema of the radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillations, as the microwave power was varied at a number of microwave polarization angles. The results indicate a nonlinear relation between the oscillatory peak or valley magnetoresistance and the microwave power, as well as a cosine square relation between the oscillatory peak or valley magnetoresistance and the microwave polarization angle. The main features are briefly compared with the predictions of existing models.
Tracking the impacts of precipitation phase changes through the hydrologic cycle in snowy regions: From precipitation to reservoir storage
Creators: name: Herman, Jonathan D.
name: Pavelsky, Tamlin M.
name: Huning, Laurie S.
name: Sobolowski, Stefan P.
name: Wrzesien, Melissa L.
name: Cohen, Jonathan S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Cool season precipitation plays a critical role in regional water resource management in the western United States. Throughout the twenty-first century, regional precipitation will be impacted by rising temperatures and changing circulation patterns. Changes to precipitation magnitude remain challenging to project; however, precipitation phase is largely dependent on temperature, and temperature predictions from global climate models are generally in agreement. To understand the implications of this dependence, we investigate projected patterns in changing precipitation phase for mountain areas of the western United States over the twenty-first century and how shifts from snow to rain may impact runoff. We downscale two bias-corrected global climate models for historical and end-century decades with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) regional climate model to estimate precipitation phase and spatial patterns at high spatial resolution (9 km). For future decades, we use the RCP 8.5 scenario, which may be considered a very high baseline emissions scenario to quantify snow season differences over major mountain chains in the western U.S. Under this scenario, the average annual snowfall fraction over the Sierra Nevada decreases by >45% by the end of the century. In contrast, for the colder Rocky Mountains, the snowfall fraction decreases by 29%. Streamflow peaks in basins draining the Sierra Nevada are projected to arrive nearly a month earlier by the end of the century. By coupling WRF with a water resources model, we estimate that California reservoirs will shift towards earlier maximum storage by 1–2 months, suggesting that water management strategies will need to adapt to changes in streamflow magnitude and timing.
Why People Skip Music? On Predicting Music Skips using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Meggetto, Francesco
name: Revie, Crawford
name: Levine, John
name: Moshfeghi, Yashar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Music recommender systems are an integral part of our daily life. Recent research has seen a significant effort around black-box recommender based approaches such as Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). These advances have led, together with the increasing concerns around users' data collection and privacy, to a strong interest in building responsible recommender systems. A key element of a successful music recommender system is modelling how users interact with streamed content. By first understanding these interactions, insights can be drawn to enable the construction of more transparent and responsible systems. An example of these interactions is skipping behaviour, a signal that can measure users' satisfaction, dissatisfaction, or lack of interest. In this paper, we study the utility of users' historical data for the task of sequentially predicting users' skipping behaviour. To this end, we adapt DRL for this classification task, followed by a post-hoc explainability (SHAP) and ablation analysis of the input state representation. Experimental results from a real-world music streaming dataset (Spotify) demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in this task by outperforming state-of-the-art models. A comprehensive analysis of our approach and of users' historical data reveals a temporal data leakage problem in the dataset. Our findings indicate that, overall, users' behaviour features are the most discriminative in how our proposed DRL model predicts music skips. Content and contextual features have a lesser effect. This suggests that a limited amount of user data should be collected and leveraged to predict skipping behaviour.
description: Accepted at CHIIR 2023
Additional file 5 of Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer
Creators: name: Xun, Helen
name: Shallal, Christopher
name: Unger, Justin
name: Tao, Runhan
name: Torres, Alberto
name: Vladimirov, Michael
name: Frye, Jenna
name: Singhala, Mohit
name: Horne, Brockett
name: Kim, Bo Soo
name: Burke, Broc
name: Montana, Michael
name: Talcott, Michael
name: Winters, Bradford
name: Frisella, Margaret
name: Kushner, Bradley S.
name: Sacks, Justin M.
name: Guest, James K.
name: Kang, Sung Hoon
name: Caffrey, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5: Fig. S5. Comparisons of Vent-Lock FloRest performances depending on materials.
Additional file 3 of A systematic review of faculty development programs based on the Harden teacher’s role framework model
Creators: name: Kohan, Mahmoud
name: Changiz, Tahereh
name: Yamani, Nikoo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Summary of included studies.
Epitaxial growth of large-gap quantum spin Hall insulator on semiconductor surface
Creators: name: Zhou, Miao
name: Ming, Wenmei
name: Liu, Zheng
name: Wang, Zhengfei
name: Li, Ping
name: Liu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formation of topological quantum phase on conventional semiconductor surface is of both scientific and technological interest. Here, we demonstrate epitaxial growth of 2D topological insulator, i.e. quantum spin Hall (QSH) state, on Si(111) surface with a large energy gap, based on first-principles calculations. We show that Si(111) surface functionalized with 1/3 monolayer of halogen atoms [Si(111)-sqrt(3) x sqrt(3)-X (X=Cl, Br, I)] exhibiting a trigonal superstructure, provides an ideal template for epitaxial growth of heavy metals, such as Bi, which self-assemble into a hexagonal lattice with high kinetic and thermodynamic stability. Most remarkably, the Bi overlayer is "atomically" bonded to but "electronically" decoupled from the underlying Si substrate, exhibiting isolated QSH state with an energy gap as large as 0.8 eV. This surprising phenomenon is originated from an intriguing substrate orbital filtering effect, which critically select the orbital composition around the Fermi level leading to different topological phases. Particularly, the substrate-orbital-filtering effect converts the otherwise topologically trivial freestanding Bi lattice into a nontrivial phase; while the reverse is true for Au lattice. The underlying physical mechanism is generally applicable, opening a new and exciting avenue for exploration of large-gap topological surface/interface states.
description: Total 26 pages, 7 figures. Supporting information included. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1401.3392