cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Methodological Approach to Assess the Climatic Potential of Natural Ventilation Through Façades
Creators: name: Ali Mohammed, Nejmia
name: Lobaccaro, Gabriele
name: Goia, Francesco
name: Chaudhary, Gaurav
name: Causone, Francesco
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2019

description: Due to the rapid development of super insulated and airtight buildings, the energy requirement for mechanical ventilation is becoming more and more dominant in today’s highly efficient buildings. In this scenario, natural ventilation has the potential to reduce energy use for buildings while maintaining ventilation rates that are consistent with acceptable indoor air quality. The increase in air temperature and frequency of extreme weather events (e.g. heavy rains, heat and cold waves) due to climate change will alter future outdoor boundary conditions and consequently the potential for natural ventilation in buildings. Therefore, to respond to the fluctuations in outdoor boundary conditions, the building envelope should become more and more dynamically responsive. In that sense, the façade plays an important role by regulating indoor comfort based on outdoor environmental conditions. This paper presents a methodological approach to investigate the potential of natural ventilation through the façade in office buildings in present and future climate conditions. It reviews technologies and strategies that maximise the use of natural ventilation in office buildings located in six selected different European climates. Numerical analyses were conducted, considering outdoor air temperature and humidity. Integrated façades with hybrid systems and strategies is one of the key solutions for increasing the potential of natural ventilation. The results showed that a hybrid solution with low-pressure drop heat recovery had the greatest potential to maximise the possibilities of low energy façade integrated ventilation.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): Facade Design and Engineering
The Holographic Description of Baryon in Non- Critical String Theory
Creators: name: Pahlavani, M. R.
name: Sadeghi, J.
name: Morad, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a holographic model constructed from an intersecting brane configuration $D4/D4/\bar{D4}$ in noncritical string theory. We study the baryon in the confined phase of this supergravity by considering the source term for the baryon. Also, the thermodynamics functions are studied. Moreover, we obtain the binding energy of the baryon in this holographic QCD-like model.
Suppression of viscous fluid fingering: a piecewise constant-injection process
Creators: name: Dias, Eduardo O.
name: Parisio, Fernando
name: Miranda, Jose A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The injection of a fluid into another of larger viscosity in a Hele-Shaw cell usually results in the formation of highly branched patterns. Despite the richness of these structures, in many practical situations such convoluted shapes are quite undesirable. In this letter we propose an efficient and easily reproducible way to restrain these instabilities based on a simple piecewise constant pumping protocol. It results in a reduction in the size of the viscous fingers by one order of magnitude.
description: Published in Phys. Rev. E
Shape-changing architectural skins
Creators: name: Vazquez, Elena
name: Randall, Clive
name: Duarte, Jose Pinto
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2019

description: In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in shape-changing smart materials in design fields. The ability to design responsive architectures that adapt to different climatic conditions is, without doubt, an appealing idea. One area in which shape-changing materials are applied is in the design of building skins or envelopes. This paper presents a systematic review of the literature on the use of shape-changing materials in the development of active skin systems, identifying patterns in design and manufacturing strategies. We also note the stage of development of the proposed designs and whether performance analysis was conducted to predict their behaviour. The results show that the most commonly used materials are SMA (Shape Memory Alloys) and wood-based bio-composites. Other shape-changing materials used for developing skin systems are, in order of popularity, thermo bimetals, electroactive polymers, composite bimetals, shape memory polymers, and hydrogels. The patterns identified among the studies are (1) design strategies: smart material as the skin, smart material as the actuator, combination with other non-responsive materials, responsive structures, geometric amplification; and (2) manufacturing strategies: bilayer systems and additive manufacturing. Finally, while the argument for the development of responsive skin systems is often based on the idea of efficiency and improved performance, we found that few studies can predict the performance of such skin systems.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): Facade Design and Engineering
Zitterbewegung in External Magnetic Field: Classic versus Quantum Approach
Creators: name: Zahiri-Abyaneh, Mehran
name: Farhoudi, Mehrdad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate variations of the Zitterbewegung frequency of electron due to an external static and uniform magnetic field employing the expectation value quantum approach, and compare our results with the classical model of spinning particles. We demonstrate that these two so far compatible approaches are not in agreement in the presence of an external uniform static magnetic field, in which the classical approach breaks the usual symmetry of free particles and antiparticles states, i.e. it leads to CP violation. Hence, regarding the Zitterbewegung frequency of electron, the classical approach in the presence of an external magnetic field is unlikely to correctly describe the spin of electron, while the quantum approach does, as expected. We also show that the results obtained via the expectation value are in close agreement with the quantum approach of the Heisenberg picture derived in the literature. However, the method we use is capable of being compared with the classical approach regarding the spin aspects. The classical interpretation of spin produced by the altered Zitterbewegung frequency, in the presence of an external magnetic field, are discussed.
description: 16 pages, no figures
Scaling Behavior of Heavy Fermion Metals
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
name: Amusia, M. Ya.
name: Msezane, A. Z.
name: Popov, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly correlated Fermi systems are fundamental systems in physics that are best studied experimentally, which until very recently have lacked theoretical explanations. This review discusses the construction of a theory and the analysis of phenomena occurring in strongly correlated Fermi systems such as heavy-fermion (HF) metals and two-dimensional (2D) Fermi systems. It is shown that the basic properties and the scaling behavior of HF metals can be described within the framework of a fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT) and extended quasiparticle paradigm that allow us to explain the non-Fermi liquid behavior observed in strongly correlated Fermi systems. In contrast to the Landau paradigm stating that the quasiparticle effective mass is a constant, the effective mass of new quasiparticles strongly depends on temperature, magnetic field, pressure, and other parameters. Having analyzed collected facts on strongly correlated Fermi systems with quite different microscopic nature, we find these to exhibit the same non-Fermi liquid behavior at FCQPT. We show both analytically and using arguments based entirely on the experimental grounds that the data collected on very different strongly correlated Fermi systems have a universal scaling behavior, and materials with strongly correlated fermions can unexpectedly be uniform in their diversity. Our analysis of strongly correlated systems such as HF metals and 2D Fermi systems is in the context of salient experimental results. Our calculations of the non-Fermi liquid behavior, the scales and thermodynamic, relaxation and transport properties are in good agreement with experimental facts.
description: 100 pages, 66 figures, to appear in Physics Reports
Superposition matrix for the assessment of performance-relevant adaptive façade functions
Creators: name: Boeke, Jens
name: Knaack, Ulrich
name: Hemmerling, Marco
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2019

description: The environmental boundary conditions and the demand for comfort change constantly during the use of a building. By dynamically balancing changing conditions and requirements, adaptive façades contribute to the energy efficiency of buildings. The façade fulfils a multitude of functions that are interdependent and relate to environmental conditions and requirements. By negotiating mutually supportive and competing adaptive functions, intelligent coordination offers the potential for better performance of façades in building operation. The strategy is already being applied in other application areas, such as the intelligently cooperating machines in industry 4.0. There, individual automated production plants are networked to form intelligent technical systems with regard to a common production goal. The research presented follows the assumption that this strategy can be applied to automated and adaptive functions of the façade to increase the building performance. The study identifies those functions which, due to possible automation and adaptivity, as well as effect on performance, can be considered as possible components of an intelligently cooperating system. In addition, characteristics are determined which can be used to evaluate the extent of automation and adaptivity of an individual façade function. The study shows that the detailed analysis of the automation and adaptivity within identified façade functions is possible. With a superimposition matrix, it also provides a tool that enables this assessment of the degree of automation and adaptability.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2019): Facade Design and Engineering
PLUG-N-HARVEST Facade: A Second Skin with Active and Passive Components
Creators: name: Dannapfel, Verena
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2019

description: The construction of office buildings in particular, as well as multi-family dwellings, are largely based on regular planning grids, and the widths of such grids appear to be repetitive across Europe. In the EU project, PLUG-N-HARVEST, a multi-modular façade system for refurbishment, based on these planning grids, is developed. To achieve a comprehensive improvement of the building´s energy efficiency, different solutions for active and passive energy demand reduction, as well as harvesting of heat and power were combined, while also taking into account the existing building structure, climatic region, and usage profile. The PLUG-N-HARVEST façade is designed to enclose the existing façade like a second skin. Thus, the remaining protection provided by the existing outer shell allows continuous usage. The modular approach enables economic efforts by serial production with a high degree of prefabrication and thus shortened assembly time. At the same time, the toolkit design follows the principles of the circular economy. In visual terms, various façade surfaces will be available to allow both an orientation to the existing building and an aesthetic reorientation. In 2019, pilot buildings in Greece, Spain, the United Kingdom, and Germany aim to show the adaptability of the modular toolkit to different façade geometries and to assess its ecological and economic benefits.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019): Special Issue Powerskin 2019
High-fidelity quantum memory using nitrogen-vacancy center ensemble for hybrid quantum computation
Creators: name: Yang, W. L.
name: Yin, Zhang-qi
name: Hu, Y.
name: Feng, M.
name: Du, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a hybrid quantum computing system using nitrogen-vacancy center ensemble (NVE) as quantum memory, current-biased Josephson junction (CBJJ) superconducting qubit fabricated in a transmission line resonator (TLR) as quantum computing processor and the microwave photons in TLR as quantum data bus. The storage process is seriously treated by considering all kinds of decoherence mechanisms. Such a hybrid quantum device can also be used to create multi-qubit W states of NVEs through a common CBJJ. The experimental feasibility and challenge are justified using currently available technology.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for PRA rapid communication
Bio-inspired Transparent Microfluidic Platform as Transformable Networks for Solar Modulation
Creators: name: Alston, Mark Edward
name: Pottgiesser, Uta
name: Knaack, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2019

description: The glazed envelopes on buildings play a major role in operational energy consumption as they define the boundary conditions between climate and thermal comfort. Such a façade is viewed as an uncontrolled load that sets the operational performance requirements for artificial lighting and air-cooling mechanical systems. This is in contrast to nature, which has evolved materials with the ability to learn and adapt to a micro-environment through self-regulation using materials that are multifunctional, formed by chemical composition in response to solar load. Leaf vasculature formations are of particular interest to this paper. Through leaf maximisation of daylight capture, the total leaf area density and angular distribution of leaf surfaces define the tree structure. This paper will define an approach to simulate nature to advance a microfluidic platform as a dynamic NIR absorber for solar modulation: a transformable network of multi-microchannel geometry matrix structures for autonomous transparent surfaces, for real time flow management of conductivity. This is realised through active volumetric flows within a capillary network of circulation fluidics within it, through it, and out of it for energy capture and storage, the cycle of which is determined through precise management of heat flow transport within a material. This advances transparent façades into an energy system for heat load modulation nested to climate and solar exposure, which is demonstrated in this paper.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2019): Special Issue Powerskin 2019
Molecular prototypes for spin-based CNOT quantum gates
Creators: name: Luis, F.
name: Repollés, A.
name: Martínez-Pérez, M. J.
name: Aguilà, D.
name: Roubeau, O.
name: Zueco, D.
name: Evangelisti, M.
name: Camón, A.
name: Sesé, J.
name: Barrios, L. A.
name: Aromí, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a chemically engineered structural asymmetry in [Tb2] molecular clusters renders the two weakly coupled Tb3+ spin qubits magnetically inequivalent. The magnetic energy level spectrum of these molecules meets then all conditions needed to realize a universal CNOT quantum gate.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Gyrofluid description of Alfvenic turbulence and its parallel electric field
Creators: name: Bian, N. H.
name: Kontar, E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropic Alfvénic fluctuations with $k_{\parallel}/k_{\perp}\ll 1$ remain at frequencies much smaller than the ion cyclotron frequency in the presence of a strong background magnetic field. Based on the simplest truncation of the electromagnetic gyrofluid equations in a homogeneous plasma, a model for the energy cascade produced by Alfvénic turbulence is constructed, which smoothly connect the large magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) scales and the small "kinetic" scales. Scaling relations are obtained for the electromagnetic fluctuations, as a function of $k_{\perp}$ and $k_{\parallel}$. Moreover, a particular attention is paid to the spectral structure of the parallel electric field which is produced by Alfvénic turbulence. The reason is the potential implication of this parallel electric field in turbulent acceleration and transport of particles. For electromagnetic turbulence, this issue was raised some time ago in [A. Hasegawa, K. Mima, J. Geophys. Res. {\bf 83} 1117 (1978)].
Constructing user models from eye gaze data in the domain of information visualization
Creators: name: Gingerich, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: A user-adaptive information visualization system capable of learning models of users and the visualization tasks they perform could provide interventions optimized for helping specific users in specific task contexts. This thesis investigates the accuracy of predicting visualization tasks, user performance on tasks, and user traits from gaze data. It is shown that predictions made with a logistic regression model are significantly better than a baseline classifier, with particularly strong results for predicting task type and user performance. Furthermore, classifiers built with interface-independent are compared with classifiers built with interface-dependent features. Interface-independent features are shown to be comparable or superior to interface-dependent ones. Adding highlighting interventions to trials is shown to have an effect on the accuracy of predictive models trained on the data from those trials and these effects are discussed. The applicability of all results to real-time classification is tested using datasets that limit the amount of observations that are processed into classification features. Finally, trends in features selected by classifiers and classifier accuracies over time are explored as a means to interpret the performance of the tested classification models.
Induced cosmological anisotropy by a gauge-gravity interaction
Creators: name: Lee, Bum-Hoon
name: Lee, Hochoel
name: Lee, Wonwoo
name: Nilsson, Nils A.
name: Thakur, Somyadip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple model which generates cosmological anisotropies on top of standard FLRW geometry. This is in some sense reminiscent of the mean field approximation, where the mean field cosmological model under consideration would be the standard FLRW, and the anisotropy is a small perturbative correction on top of it. Using a supergravity-inspired model, we confirm that the stable fixed point of our model corresponds to standard FLRW cosmology. We use a Bianchi VII$_0$-type model supplemented with a scalar and $U(1)$ gauge fields, and we show that the anisotropies of the geometry are generated by the non-trivial interaction between the gravity sector and the $U(1)$ gauge sector. Studying the attractor flow, we show that the anisotropies are present at early times (high redshift) and decay asymptotically to an FLRW attractor fixed point. With such a mechanism, observations of non-isotropy are not contradictory to FLRW geometry or indeed the $Λ$CDM model. Such models could in principle shed some insights on the present cosmological tensions.
description: 46 pages, 15 figures; title of paper has been changed, added and clarified discussion of results, added figure, updated references. Accepted for publication in Physics of the Dark Universe
Additional file 2: of Comprehensive proteome analyses of lysine acetylation in tea leaves by sensing nitrogen nutrition
Creators: name: Jiang, Jutang
name: Gai, Zhongshuai
name: Wang, Yu
name: Fan, Kai
name: Sun, Litao
name: Wang, Hui
name: Ding, Zhaotang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The more detailed information for the methods. (DOCX 21 kb)
Fast conservative and entropic numerical methods for the Boson Boltzmann equation
Creators: name: Markowitch, P. A.
name: Pareschi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C10, 76P05, 65D32, 65T50

description: In this paper we derive accurate numerical methods for the quantum Boltzmann equation for a gas of interacting bosons. The schemes preserve the main physical features of the continuous problem, namely conservation of mass and energy, the entropy inequality and generalized Bose-Einstein distributions as steady states. These properties are essential in order to develop schemes that are able to capture the energy concentration behavior of bosons. In addition we develop fast algorithms for the numerical evaluation of the resulting quadrature formulas which allow the final schemes to be computed only in O(N^2 log N) operations instead of O(N^3).
Nuclear PDF for neutrino and charged lepton data
Creators: name: Kovarik, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino Deep Inelastic Scattering on nuclei is an essential process to constrain the strange quark parton distribution functions in the proton. The critical component on the way to using the neutrino DIS data in a proton PDF analysis is understanding the nuclear effects in parton distribution functions. We parametrize these effects by nuclear parton distribution functions. Here we compare results from two analysis of NPDF both done at next-to-leading order in QCD. The first uses neutral current charged-lepton lA Deeply Inelastic Scattering and Drell-Yan data for several nuclear targets and the second uses neutrino-nucleon DIS data. We compare the nuclear corrections factors F_2^Fe/F_2^D for the charged-lepton data with other results from the literature. In particular, we compare and contrast fits based upon the charged-lepton DIS data with those using neutrino-nucleon DIS data.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Proceedings of 12th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super beams and Beta Beams, 2010
Extending Synthetic Data and Data Masking Procedures using Information Theory
Creators: name: Lewis, Tyler J
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nuclear engineering (incl. fuel enrichment and waste processing and storage)
Data engineering and data science

description: The two primarily methodologies discussed in this thesis are the nonparametric entropy-based synthetic timeseries (NEST) and Directed infusion of data (DIOD) algorithms.
 The former presents a novel synthetic data algorithm that is shown to outperform sismilar state-of-the-art, including generative networks, in terms of utility and data consistency. Majority of data used are open-source, and are cited where appropriate.
 DIOD presents a novel data masking paradigm that presevres the utility, privacy, and efficiency required by the current industrial paradigm, and presents a cheaper alternative to many state-of-the-art. Data used include simulation data (source code cited), equations-based data, and open-source images (cited as needed).
Environmental and Economic Benefits of Japanese KoshiInspired Mini-Louvres in Residential Buildings in Jakarta, Indonesia
Creators: name: Suryandono, Alexander Rani
name: Hariyadi, Agus
name: Fukuda, Hiroatsu
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2020

description: As the European building stock is in evident need of deep energy retrofitting to meet current European decarbonisation targets, the construction market calls for industrialised systems to boost massive renovations and activate economies of scale. The article outlines the development of an offsite fabricated system for building energy refurbishment through rainscreen façade elements. A focus is placed on such elements as they offer excellent system integration possibilities and the opportunity to boost the level of offsite fabrication, compared to other already industrialised façade systems, such as unitised façades. This research was carried out within the framework of BuildHEAT research project, funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 framework programme. The system concept is based on a systemic approach that combines energy efficiency, multifunctionality, integration of renewable energies, and ease of installation as design drivers. System development has rolled out through different phases, with an increased level of detail. During the schematic design phase, a set of different prefabricated façade panel dimensions were analysed. Afterwards, the component and system integration were assessed according to their impacts in terms of energy performance and fulfilment of mandatory technical requirements. As a last step, the most promising technical combinations underwent detailed design to verify construction feasibility and eliminate any bottlenecks during the fabrication phase. Results show that the proposed prefabricated solutions allowed: (i) simplified active system integration (photovoltaics, solar thermal, and building services), (ii) ease of installation on site, minimising the impact of renovation actions on occupants without compromising on final quality and reducing installation costs. Current limitations to extensive market diffusion of the system are related to two main aspects: (i) the need for on-site adjustments; and (ii) increased manufacturing costs compared to traditional external insulation interventions (e.g. ETICS). The current cost of the system (2020) is in the range of 3 - 1.5x the cost of, respectively, an ETICS or a vented rainscreen façade. However, as a next step, including the life-cycle perspective in the calculation, as well as accounting for economies of scale, the system will be evaluated, expecting a cost figure comparable to the rainscreen façade.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020): Facade Design and Engineering
Oceanic Diplomacy: An Introduction
Creators: name: Carter, George
name: Fry, Greg
name: Nanau, Gordon Leua
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: Dept. of Pacific Affairs, Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, The Australian National University
Year: 2021
Subjects: diplomacy
international relations
geopolitics
regionalism
multilateralism
governance
Pacific
Oceania
Oceans
Blue Pacific
Fisheries
Tuna Fishing
Pacific Diplomacy

description: When practitioners and scholars think of diplomacy in the Pacific context they usually have in mind the diplomacy of the post-independent Pacific Island states or the diplomacy of larger powers with interests in the region. Both of these understandings refer to a form of diplomacy built on Western practices and protocols and focused on the engagement between modern sovereign states. What the authors are attempting to bring to the fore in this In Brief, and the research project which it introduces, is a third understanding of diplomacy in the Pacific region which we are calling ‘Oceanic diplomacy’. It refers to the distinctive diplomatic practices and principles which come out of the long history and diverse cultures of the Pacific Islands. These longstanding traditional systems are still important in the conduct of relations among tribes and clans within the postcolonial states of the Pacific. These principles, practices and protocols work alongside Western diplomatic practices in the performance of modern diplomacy by Pacific Island states and are sometimes employed in the region’s diplomatic approaches to the global arena. The purpose of the authors, is to explore the value and significance of these practices in modern contexts within the state, between Pacific Island states, and in Pacific diplomacy in the global arena.
Nonlinear wave interaction and spin models in the MHD regime
Creators: name: Brodin, G.
name: Lundin, J.
name: Zamanian, J.
name: Stefan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we consider the influence on the electron spin in the MHD regime. Recently developed models which include spin-velocity correlations are taken as a starting point. A theoretical argument is presented, suggesting that in the MHD regime a single fluid electron model with spin correlations is equivalent to a model with spin-up and spin-down electrons constituting different fluids, but where the spin-velocity correlations are omitted. Three wave interaction of 2 shear Alfven waves and a compressional Alfven wave is then taken as a model problem to evaluate the asserted equivalence. The theoretical argument turns out to be supported, as the predictions of the two models agree completely. Furthermore, the three wave coupling coefficients obey the Manley-Rowe relations, which give further support to the soundness of the models and the validity of the assumptions made in the derivation. Finally we point out that the proposed two-fluid model can be incorporated in standard Particle-In-Cell schemes with only minor modifications.
description: 8 pages
Access to Justice in Post-RAMSI Solomon Islands Part 3: Pathways to Dispute Resolution
Creators: name: Sloan, Tom
name: Dinnen, Sinclair
name: Rowe, Mark
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: Dept. of Pacific Affairs, Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, The Australian National University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Crime
Justice
Conflict
Criminal
Solomon Islands
Post-RAMSI
RAMSI
Gender
Survey
Governance

description: This is the final in a series of three In Briefs highlighting key findings from the Solomon Islands Access to Justice Survey commissioned by the Solomon Islands government and supported by the Australian government and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP 2019a). The findings presented are drawn from the Survey Summary Report (UNDP 2019b). The survey assessed justice needs and barriers to effective dispute resolution in Solomon Islands, particularly for groups with recognised unmet needs, in the period following the withdrawal of the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI). This In Brief summarises the survey findings relating to pathways to dispute resolution. Interested readers should consult the main study reports.
Alteration Spatially Associated with the Phoenix Unconformity-Related Uranium Deposit, Athabasca Basin, Saskatchewan, Canada
Creators: name: Dann, Jack
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: uranium
economic geology
athabasca
clay mineralogy

description: Unconformity-related uranium deposits in the Athabasca Basin represent a significant global resource of uranium. One such deposit, the Phoenix Deposit, discovered in 2007 on Denison Mine’s Wheeler River property, shares similarities with other deposits in the Basin. The Phoenix Deposit is located at the apex between a basement shear structure, and the unconformity between the crystalline basement and overlying sandstones. The shear structure extends into the sandstones, this structure controls the distribution of alteration minerals in the basement and early alteration phases in sandstones. The shear structure extending to sandstones is not spatially associated with late alteration phases associated with the uranium deposit, suggesting that the structure was not important for uranium mineralisation. Bulk rock compositions of sandstones show chimney-like distribution of elements above the uranium deposit. The most notable ones are the distribution of yttrium, and boron. Rare earth elements and yttrium are not soluble in aqueous fluids at low temperatures and they are enriched in uranium ore. Therefore, the chimney-like distribution of elements are attributed to uraniferous hydrothermal activity in sandstones. Petrographic and chemical analysis of alteration associated with the Phoenix Deposit shows two types of tourmaline, a pre-ore (Tur 1) in the basement, which is likely a metamorphic product (Tur1) and a syn-ore magnesiofoitite (Tur 2) in the basement and the sandstones. Three generations of chlorite are identified within the alteration halo of the Phoenix Deposit; an early Fe-rich clinochlore (C1) in the basement and sandstones, the second generation, Mg-rich sudoitic chlorite (C2) in the basement, and a late, sudoitic chlorite (C3) in the basement and sandstones. Illite shows three types; an early and late M1 and a late M2. M1 is found as two polytypes, 1Mc and 1Mt, in the basement and sandstones, with the 1Mt having a spatial relationship with the uranium deposit. Late M2 illite is coarse-grained and occurs in the basement and sandstones. Near Infrared (NIR) spectra of sandstones overlying the deposit shows absorption features between 600 and 700 nm. It is considered that these absorption features appear to have been produced during late hydrothermal activity and may have a temporal as well as spatial relationship with uranium mineralisation.
Rate Compatible Protocol for Information Reconciliation: An application to QKD
Creators: name: Elkouss, David
name: Martinez-Mateo, Jesus
name: Lancho, Daniel
name: Martin, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information Reconciliation is a mechanism that allows to weed out the discrepancies between two correlated variables. It is an essential component in every key agreement protocol where the key has to be transmitted through a noisy channel. The typical case is in the satellite scenario described by Maurer in the early 90's. Recently the need has arisen in relation with Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocols, where it is very important not to reveal unnecessary information in order to maximize the shared key length. In this paper we present an information reconciliation protocol based on a rate compatible construction of Low Density Parity Check codes. Our protocol improves the efficiency of the reconciliation for the whole range of error rates in the discrete variable QKD context. Its adaptability together with its low interactivity makes it specially well suited for QKD reconciliation.
Access to Justice in Post-RAMSI Solomon Islands Part 2: Perceptions of Access to Justice
Creators: name: Sloan, Tom
name: Dinnen, Sinclair
name: Rowe, Mark
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: Dept. of Pacific Affairs, Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, The Australian National University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Crime
Justice
Conflict
Criminal
Solomon Islands
Post-RAMSI
RAMSI
Gender
Survey
Governance

description: This is the second part in a series of three In Briefs highlighting findings from the Solomon Islands Access to Justice Survey commissioned by the Solomon Islands government and supported by the Australian government and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP 2019a). The findings are drawn from the Survey Summary Report (UNDP 2019b). The survey assessed justice needs and barriers to effective dispute resolution, particularly among groups recognised as having unmet justice needs, including women and people with disabilities. This In Brief highlights key survey findings concerning perceptions of access to justice. Interested readers should consult the main study reports.
title: The potential for potentiation in the unconditioned quadriceps
Creators: name: Power, Gerard Michael James
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2020

description: Post-activation potentiation has been studied in muscles since the 1930s. The phenomenon is related to an increase in force and rate of force production of the muscle following a conditioning stimulus. Studies have evolved over the years, starting with electrical stimuli and testing in muscles of small animals, and progressing to volitional stimuli and testing in trained humans. Phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chains has been the only well-established mechanism contributing to post-activation potentiation. Research has also found that post-activation potentiation coexists with fatigue in the muscle. Fatigue has been shown to elicit effects in unconditioned muscles. Therefore, the primary objective of this thesis was to investigate the possibility for a unilateral conditioning activity to cause enhancements in performance to an unconditioned, contralateral, homologous muscle group. The results of the study did not give any evidence at this time for post-activation potentiation effects in an unconditioned muscle. However, the results did demonstrate the complexity of the interaction between potentiation and fatigue, and how participant characteristics and timing can affect this.
Fire Safety Façade Design and Modelling
Creators: name: Mazzucchelli, Enrico Sergio
name: Rigone, Paolo
name: De La Fuente, Blanca Judith
name: Giussani, Paolo
Publisher: name: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering
Year: 2020

description: Nowadays the construction industry is characterised by high multifunctional and complex buildings with innovative façade systems. Unlike a simple prescriptive approach according to standards and codes, a performance-based design allows to define safety levels and goals, to evaluate heat transfer to the structure and the structure response based on fire behaviour, to model different fire scenarios by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software and to personalize the design according to a specific project in order to reach the required level of safety. Through a significant case study, the paper describes the performance-based design approach in the Fire Safety Engineering field (FSE). The analysis demonstrates consistent results between the CFD fire modelling output and the laboratory test results on a real scale façade mock-up. Moreover, a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) performed on a section of the façade mullion allows to identify and to highlight the façade system critical issues in different fire scenarios.
description: Journal of Facade Design and Engineering, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020): Special Issue: European Perspectives
Access to Justice in Post-RAMSI Solomon Islands Part I: Common Conflicts and Disputes
Creators: name: Sloan, Tom
name: Dinnen, Sinclair
name: Rowe, Mark
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: Dept. of Pacific Affairs, Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, The Australian National University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Crime
Justice
Conflict
Criminal
Solomon Islands
Post-RAMSI
RAMSI
Gender
Survey
Governance

description: Solomon Islands’ law and justice sector has received substantial donor support in the two decades since the end of the civil unrest known as the Tensions. Building capacity and coordination across key agencies was an integral part of the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI). International development partners acknowledge the importance of access to justice for successful peacebuilding. The Australian government views its commitment to the Solomon Islands justice sector as a ‘30-year plus engagement’. Since RAMSI’s departure in June 2017, there has been considerable interest in evaluating progress and addressing ongoing challenges in this area. This is the first in a series of three In Briefs drawing on findings from the Solomon Islands Access to Justice Survey commissioned by the Solomon Islands government and supported by the Australian government and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP 2019a). The findings presented in this series are from the national survey reported in the Survey Summary Report (UNDP 2019b). The survey was designed around closed-response questions with preset response options — including a free-text response — that were developed, tested and validated in Solomon Islands prior to their application. Interested readers should consult the main study reports. This In Brief examines the types of disputes commonly reported, who experienced them and their impacts. The following In Briefs in this series examine perceptions of access to justice and pathways to dispute resolution.
Short rainbow cycles for families of matchings and triangles
Creators: name: Guo, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C35, 05C38, 05D40

description: A generalization of the famous Caccetta--Häggkvist conjecture, suggested by Aharoni [Rainbow triangles and the Caccetta-Häggkvist conjecture, J. Graph Theory (2019)], is that any family $\mathcal{F}=(F_1, \ldots,F_n)$ of sets of edges in $K_n$, each of size $k$, has a rainbow cycle of length at most $\lceil \frac{n}{k}\rceil$. In [Rainbow cycles for families of matchings, Israel J. Math. (2023)] and [Non-uniform degrees and rainbow versions of the Caccetta-Häggkvist conjecture, SIAM J. Discrete Math. (2023)] it was shown that asymptotically this can be improved to $O(\log n)$ if all sets are matchings of size 2, or all are triangles. We show that the same is true in the mixed case, i.e., if each $F_i$ is either a matching of size 2 or a triangle. We also study the case that each $F_i$ is a matching of size 2 or a single edge, or each $F_i$ is a triangle or a single edge, and in each of these cases we determine the threshold proportion between the types, beyond which the rainbow girth goes from linear to logarithmic.
description: 10 pages; minor edits; added a simplified proof and an alternative proof; to appear in the Journal of Graph Theory
Effects of Paenibacillus polymyxa and soil nitrogen on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifoliar (Dougl.) Engelm.) seedling growth
Creators: name: Yang, Henry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Paenbacillus polymyxa strain P2b-2R has previously been shown to colonize lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia (Dougl.) Engelm.) internal tissues and stimulate seedling growth possibly through N₂ fixation. I evaluated the biochemical characteristics of P. polymyxa strain P2b-2R and the effects of soil nitrogen (N) concentrations on lodgepole pine seedling growth after inoculation with P2b-2R. The bacterium was capable of using major plant cell wall components including carboxymethyl cellulose, xylan and sodium polypectate in addition to 39 of 95 carbon sources from BioLog GP2 microplates. These results suggest that hydrolytic enzymes may facilitate endophytic colonization by P2b-2R. Bacterial colonization and lodgepole pine seedling growth responses (foliar ¹⁵N atom % excess, foliar N concentrations, total foliar N and root and shoot biomass) to inoculation with P2b-2R were assessed at varying soil N concentrations in a one-year greenhouse study. Surface sterilized pine seeds were sown in Ray Leach cone-tainers containing an autoclaved sand-montmorillonite clay mixture and inoculated with log 6 colony forming units (cfu) P2b-2R. Non-inoculated controls received phosphate-buffered saline. Seedlings were then subjected to monthly applications of a nutrient solution containing one of four soil N concentrations as Ca(NO₃)₂ (5% ¹⁵N label): 0.0029, 0.029, 0.29 and 2.9 mmol L-¹, referred to as ‘very low’, ‘low’, ‘medium’ and ‘high’ soil N treatments, respectively. Rhizospheric and endophytic population sizes of P2b-2R, foliar ¹⁵N atom % excess and foliar N concentrations were not significantly affected by P2b-2R during the experiment. Inoculation with P2b-2R resulted in seedling biomass across the four soil N treatments four months after sowing. However, seedling growth inhibition was transient as it was not detectable four months later and by month twelve, inoculated seedlings from the very low soil N treatment had accumulated 56.3 and 46.4% more root and shoot biomass, respectively, than controls. Seedlings from the medium soil N treatment responded similarly to bacterial inoculation, but no biomass enhancement was observed at low and high soil N concentrations. My results suggest that pine biomass stimulation by P2b-2R may depend on soil N concentrations and that P2b-2R can enhance biomass accumulation of pine seedlings without providing significant amounts of fixed N.
Model Derivation, Analysis of Mathematical Concepts, and Numerical Methods from Novel generic models for differentiating stem cells reveal oscillatory mechanisms
Creators: name: Farjami, Saeed
name: Camargo Sosa, Karen
name: Dawes, Jonathan H.P.
name: Kelsh, Robert N.
name: Rocco, Andrea
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Understanding cell fate selection remains a central challenge in developmental biology. We present a class of simple yet biologically motivated mathematical models for cell differentiation that generically generate oscillations and hence suggest alternatives to the standard framework based on Waddington’s epigenetic landscape. The models allow us to suggest two generic dynamical scenarios that describe the differentiation process. In the first scenario, gradual variation of a single control parameter is responsible for both entering and exiting the oscillatory regime. In the second scenario, two control parameters vary: one responsible for entering, and the other for exiting the oscillatory regime. We analyse the standard repressilator and four variants of it and show the dynamical behaviours associated with each scenario. We present a thorough analysis of the associated bifurcations and argue that gene regulatory networks with these repressilator-like characteristics are promising candidates to describe cell fate selection through an oscillatory process.
Signatures of quantum criticality in the complex inverse temperature plane
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Lv, Songtai
name: Yang, Yang
name: Zou, Haiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Concepts of the complex partition functions and the Fisher zeros provide intrinsic statistical mechanisms for finite temperature and real time dynamical phase transitions. We extend the utility of these complexifications to quantum phase transitions. We exactly identify different Fisher zeros on lines or closed curves and elucidate their correspondence with domain-wall excitations or confined mesons for the one-dimensional transverse field Ising model. The crossover behavior of the Fisher zeros provides a fascinating picture for criticality near the quantum phase transition, where the excitation energy scales are quantitatively determined. We further confirm our results by tensor network calculations and demonstrate a clear signal of deconfined meson excitations from the disruption of the closed zero curves. Our results unambiguously show significant features of Fisher zeros for a quantum phase transition and open up a new route to explore quantum criticality.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures