cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Versatility of type-II van der Waals heterostructures: a case study with SiH-CdCl2
Creators: name: Priydarshi, Achintya
name: Arora, Abhinav
name: Chauhan, Yogesh Singh
name: Agarwal, Amit
name: Bhowmick, Somnath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unlike bilayers or a few layers thick materials, heterostructures are designer materials formed by assembling different monolayers in any desired sequence. As a result, while multilayer materials come with their intrinsic properties, heterostructures can be tailor-made to suit specific applications. Taking SiH-CdCl 2 as a representative system, we show the potential of heterostructures for several applications, like piezoelectricity, photocatalytic water splitting, and tunnel field effect transistor (TFET). Our study confirms that the characteristics of the heterostructure mainly depend on the potential difference between the constituent monolayers. From the vast database of available layered materials, many such combinations with a suitable potential difference are expected to have similar properties. Our work points to a vast pool of assembled materials with multifunctionality, an excellent asset for next-generation device applications.
Antiretroviral Therapy for Prevention of HIV Infection: New Clues From an Animal Model
Creators: name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Kashuba, A.D.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the early 1990s profoundly changed the face of HIV infection by improving survival rates. But ART has equal potential for prevention, since it reduces the probability of HIV transmission from an infected person to their sexual partner(s). Although there have been no randomized controlled clinical trials on the subject, antiretroviral drugs are currently used in clinical practice for post-exposure prophylaxis after inadvertent occupational exposure (based on the results of a case control study) or after sexual exposure to the virus. Pre- and postexposure prophylaxis (PrEP and PEP, respectively) have been used successfully to interrupt transmission of HIV from infected mothers to their babies
Effects of resistance exercise training on depressive symptoms among young adults: A randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: OSullivan, Darragh
name: Gordon, Brett R.
name: LYONS, MARK
name: Meyer, Jacob D.
name: Herring, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Evidence supports the antidepressant effects of resistance exercise training (RET); however, findings among young adults at-risk for elevated depressive symptoms are limited. This randomized controlled trial examined the effects of eight weeks of ecologically-valid, guidelines-based RET, compared to a wait-list control, on depressive symptoms among 55 young adults (26±5y; 36 female) with and without subclinical, or analogue, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (AGAD; Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire GAD subscale ≥6 and Penn State Worry Questionnaire ≥45) and Major Depressive Disorder (AMDD). Following a three-week familiarization period, participants completed one-on-one, twice-weekly RET sessions. The 16-item, self-reported Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) assessed depressive symptoms. RM-ANCOVAs examined between-group differences, and significant interactions were decomposed with simple effects analysis. Hedges’ d effect sizes (95%CI) quantified the magnitude of differences in change between groups across time. Stratified analyses were conducted among subsamples with AMDD and AGAD. There were no baseline depressive symptom differences between groups. Attendance was 83%, and compliance was 80%. RET induced statistically significant, clinically meaningful, large-magnitude reductions in depressive symptoms from baseline to week eight in the total (d = 1.01; [95%CI: 0.44–1.57]), AMDD (d = 1.71; [95%CI: 0.96–2.46]), and AGAD (d = 1.39; [95%CI: 0.55–2.24]) samples. These findings support guidelines-based RET as a promising treatment for mild depression.
Contemporaneous Observations of Hα Luminosities and Photometric Amplitudes for M dwarfs
Creators: name: Garcia Soto, Aylin
name: Newton, Elisabeth R.
name: Burrows, Abigail D.
name: Sweeney, Tara
name: Douglas, Stephanie T.
name: Kesseli, Aurora Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: stars: activity
stars: low-mass
stars: rotation
stars: chromospheres

description: Many M dwarfs are known to have strong magnetic fields, but we are still unsure about the properties of their starspots and the origin of their magnetic dynamos. Both starspots and magnetic activity are related to the surface magnetic field, so one means of examining magnetic phenomena is to connect photometric variability (driven by starspots) and magnetic activity. We studied 56 M dwarfs with periods of 0.1 to 27 days. We present time-series optical photometry from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and contemporaneous optical spectra obtained using the Ohio State MultiObject Spectrograph (OSMOS) on the MDM 2.4m telescope in Arizona. Using the TESS light curves, we measure rotation periods and photometric amplitudes. From the OSMOS spectra, we calculate the equivalent width of Hα. We find a loose positive correlation between Hα luminosity and photometric amplitudes for stars in the saturated regime of the rotation-activity relation (Pearson correlation coefficient \(0.664^{+0.023}_{-0.026}\)). We additionally see short term variability in Hα equivalent widths and enhancement from flares.
description: {"references": ["Agol, E. et al. (2020), AJ, 159, 123", "Angus, R. et al. (2018), MNRAS, 474, 2094", "Astropy Collaboration, et al. (2013), A&A, 558, A33", "Barentsen, G. et al. (2020), KeplerGO/lightkurve: Lightkurve v1.11.0, Zenodo", "Douglas, S. T. et al. (2014), ApJ, 795, 161", "Feinstein, A., D. et al. (2020), JOSS , 5, 2347", "Feinstein, A. D. et al. (2020), AJ, 160, 219", "Foreman-Mackey, D. (2018), arXiv:1801.10156", "Foreman-Mackey, D. et al. (2017), ASCL, ascl:1709.008", "Foreman-Mackey, D. et al. (2020), exoplanet-dev/exoplanet: exoplanet v0.3.2, Zenodo", "Foreman-Mackey, D. et al. (2020), dfm/celerite: celerite v0.4.0, Zenodo", "Fouqu\u00e9, P. et al. (2018), MNRAS, 475, 1960", "Kesseli, A. Y. et al. (2018), AJ, 155, 225", "Kruse, E. A. et al. (2010), ApJ, 722, 1352", "Lee, K.-G. et al. (2010), ApJ, 708, 1482", "Lightkurve Collaboration et al. (2018), ASCL, ascl:1812.013", "Martini, P. et al. (2011), PASP, 123, 187", "McQuillan, A. et al. (2012), A&A, 539, A137", "McQuillan, A. et al. (2013), MNRAS, 432, 1203", "Medina, A. A. et al. (2022), ApJ, 928, 185", "Newton, E. R. et al. (2016), ApJ, 821, 93", "Newton, E. R. et al. (2017), ApJ, 834, 85", "Reiners, A. et al. (2018), A&A, 612, A49", "Ricker, G. R. et al. (2015), JATIS, 1, 01400", "Wright, N. J. et al. (2018), MNRAS, 479, 2351"]}
title: Leitlinien zur Nutzung von generativen KI-Anwendungen in der Lehre an der HsH
title: Handreichung des Servicezentrums Lehre der Hochschule Hannover
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Eube, Cornelia
name: Rasche, Theresia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Diese Leitlinien befassen sich mit dem Einsatz von generativer Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in der Lehre an der Hochschule Hannover und haben empfehlenden Charakter. Der Fokus dieses Dokuments liegt auf textgenerierenden KI-Anwendungen. Verfasst wurden die Leitlinien im Servicezentrum Lehre der Hochschule Hannover.
Modular properties of characters of the W3 algebra
Creators: name: Iles, Nicholas J.
name: Watts, Gérard M. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a previous work, exact formulae and differential equations were found for traces of powers of the zero mode in the W3 algebra. In this paper we investigate their modular properties, in particular we find the exact result for the modular transformations of traces of $W_0^n$ for n = 1, 2, 3, solving exactly the problem studied approximately by Gaberdiel, Hartman and Jin. We also find modular differential equations satisfied by traces with a single $W_0$ inserted, and relate them to differential equations studied by Mathur et al. We find that, remarkably, these all seem to be related to weight 0 modular forms with expansions with non-negative integer coefficients.
description: 20 pages. v2: 23 pages. v3: 23 pages, published in JHEP
Scalar Field Theories with Polynomial Shift Symmetries
Creators: name: Griffin, Tom
name: Grosvenor, Kevin T.
name: Horava, Petr
name: Yan, Ziqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our study of naturalness in nonrelativistic QFTs of the Lifshitz type, focusing on scalar fields that can play the role of Nambu-Goldstone (NG) modes associated with spontaneous symmetry breaking. Such systems allow for an extension of the constant shift symmetry to a shift by a polynomial of degree $P$ in spatial coordinates. These "polynomial shift symmetries" in turn protect the technical naturalness of modes with a higher-order dispersion relation, and lead to a refinement of the proposed classification of infrared Gaussian fixed points available to describe NG modes in nonrelativistic theories. Generic interactions in such theories break the polynomial shift symmetry explicitly to the constant shift. It is thus natural to ask: Given a Gaussian fixed point with polynomial shift symmetry of degree $P$, what are the lowest-dimension operators that preserve this symmetry, and deform the theory into a self-interacting scalar field theory with the shift symmetry of degree $P$? To answer this (essentially cohomological) question, we develop a new graph-theoretical technique, and use it to prove several classification theorems. First, in the special case of $P=1$ (essentially equivalent to Galileons), we reproduce the known Galileon $N$-point invariants, and find their novel interpretation in terms of graph theory, as an equal-weight sum over all labeled trees with $N$ vertices. Then we extend the classification to $P>1$ and find a whole host of new invariants, including those that represent the most relevant (or least irrelevant) deformations of the corresponding Gaussian fixed points, and we study their uniqueness.
description: 70 pages. v2: minor clarifications, typos corrected, a reference added
The Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines Null Promoter Variant Does Not Influence HIV-1 Acquisition or Disease Progression
Creators: name: Goldstein, D.B.
name: Dickson, S.P.
name: Haynes, B.F.
name: Letvin, N.L.
name: Shianna, K.V.
name: Ge, D.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: McMichael, A.J.
name: Walker, B.D.
name: Julg, B.
name: Carrington, M.
name: Weintrob, A.C.
name: Fellay, J.
name: Michael, N.L.
name: de Bakker, P.I.W.
name: Walley, N.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Ma’am – We read with great interest the article by He et al. [2008] describing the effects on HIV acquisition and disease progression of a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP, rs2814778,-46T→C) that disrupts the promoter region of the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) gene and abolishes gene expression in red blood cells. He et al. reported that HIV-infected African Americans have a frequency of the null homozygous genotype (-46C/C) of 70% while non-HIV infected individuals have a null genotype frequency of 60%. Based on this frequency difference they argued that the null allele confers susceptibility to infection with HIV-1. They also reported that the null genotype is associated with better outcomes amongst those who do become infected, including longer survival, slower loss of CD4+ T-lymphocytes, and delayed progression to HIV-associated dementia.
Antiretrovirals to prevent HIV infection: Pre-and postexposure prophylaxis
Creators: name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Gay, C.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: More than 3 million people are now receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) worldwide. Currently, the indications for ART depend primarily on CD4 count, blood viral burden, and clinical signs and symptoms suggesting advanced HIV disease. However, interest is increasing in ART's preventive potential. Postexposure prophylaxis following both occupational and nonoccupational exposure to HIV is the standard-of-care in many settings. Observational and ecologic studies suggest that ART administered to HIV-infected people reduces transmission within serodiscordant couples. Pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV infection is a potentially safe and intermittent intervention for very high-risk people, and clinical trials to evaluate this preventive strategy are underway. The prevention benefits of ART may begin to affect the decision of when to start therapy and add a much-needed strategy to current HIV prevention efforts.
Feasibility of a metamagnetic transition in correlated systems
Creators: name: Acharya, Swagata
name: Medhi, Amal
name: Vidhyadhiraja, N. S.
name: Taraphder, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-standing issue of the competition between the magnetic field and the Kondo effect, favoring, respectively, triplet and singlet ground states is addressed using a cluster slave-rotor mean field theory for the Hubbard model and its spin-correlated, spin-frustrated extensions in 2 dimension. The metamagnetic jump is established and compared with earlier results of dynamical mean-field theory. The present approach also reproduces the emergent super-exchange energy scale in the insulating side. A scaling is found for the critical Zeeman field in terms of the intrinsic coherence scale just below the metal-insulator transition where the critical spin fluctuations are soft. The conditions for metamagnetism to appear at a reasonable field are also underlined. The Gutzwiller analysis on the 2D Hubbard model and a quantum Monte Carlo calculation on the Heisenberg spin system are performed to check the limiting cases of the cluster slave-rotor results for the Hubbard model. Low-field scaling features for magnetization are discussed.
description: arxiv version has 8 pages and 7 figures
Platymamersopsis mysorensis Cook 1967
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Anisitsiellidae
Platymamersopsis
Platymamersopsis mysorensis

description: Platymamersopsis mysorensis Cook, 1967
Records from the study area: Kerala—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Large rivers.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
Beyond Tree Level with Solar Neutrinos: Towards Measuring the Flavor Composition and CP Violation
Creators: name: Brdar, Vedran
name: Xu, Xun-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After being produced as electron neutrinos ($ν_e$), solar neutrinos partially change their flavor to $ν_μ$ and $ν_τ$ en route to Earth. Although the flavor ratio of the $ν_e$ flux to the total flux has been well measured, the $ν_μ:ν_τ$ composition has not yet been experimentally probed. In this work we investigate the potential of the next-generation experiments for measuring the $ν_μ:ν_τ$ flavor ratio by utilizing flavor-dependent radiative corrections in the cross sections for $ν_μ$ and $ν_τ$ scattering. Since the transition probabilities of $ν_e$ to $ν_μ$ and $ν_τ$ depend on the leptonic CP phase, we also investigate the sensitivity to the CP phase and show that a statistical significance of $\sim1 σ$ could be reached through precision measurements of solar neutrino spectra.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Public COVID-19 vaccination acceptance: A narrative review of correlated factors
Creators: name: Hatami, Amirali
name: Hajiloo, Ahmad
name: Bayati, Romina
name: Kakavand, Peyman
name: Nasrollahi, Amirhossein
name: Yarahmadi, Amirhossein
name: Nourmohammadi, Mohammadjavad
name: Asadi, Heshmatollah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Following the discovery of the first instances of COVID-19 in nations and the subsequent announcement of a “pandemic” by WHO, worldwide efforts to identify efficient methods to combat COVID-19 began. One of the most effective solutions is to carry out widespread vaccination against the virus. Despite this, some members of the community refuse to be vaccinated. The present paper reviews the potential causes and factors correlating with people's hesitation to receive COVID-19 vaccines. This article is a narrative review paper. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using COVID-19, Vaccine, Acceptance, and Hesitancy keywords. Qualitative content analysis was performed and associated predictors with public vaccination acceptance were identified. According to the study, hesitation in receiving COVID-19 vaccines, regardless of the countries, is significant among females, lower ages, lower education level, doubt about efficacy, and concerns about the safety of the vaccines, history of not receiving vaccines, especially the influenza vaccine, distrust of regional or national health officials, low level of health literacy and lack of information, fear of side effects and other complications, doubt of pharmaceutical companies and fear of lobbying, presence of chronic underlying diseases and comorbidities, lower socioeconomic status and racial or religious minorities. According to the results, several factors can influence individuals' uncertainty about COVID-19 vaccines. Given the importance of vaccinating the majority of the community to achieve mass immunity, healthcare systems should consider the vaccine acceptance rate to be a vital and substantial factor.
Importance sampling in path space for diffusion processes with slow-fast variables
Creators: name: Hartmann, Carsten
name: Schütte, Christof
name: Weber, Marcus
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C05

description: Importance sampling is a widely used technique to reduce the variance of a Monte Carlo estimator by an appropriate change of measure. In this work, we study importance sam- pling in the framework of diffusion process and consider the change of measure which is realized by adding a control force to the original dynamics. For certain exponential type expectation, the corresponding control force of the optimal change of measure leads to a zero-variance estimator and is related to the solution of a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellmann equation. We focus on certain diffu- sions with both slow and fast variables, and the main result is that we obtain an upper bound of the relative error for the importance sampling estimators with control obtained from the limiting dynamics. We demonstrate our approximation strategy with an illustrative numerical example.
description: 41 pages
Tally of exoplanet-host stars showing a seismic signal
Creators: name: Lundkvist, Mia Sloth
name: Larsen, Jens Reersted
name: Winther, Mark Lykke
name: Hatt, Emily
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Most studies of exoplanets rely on precise stellar parameters. An attractive way to obtain these is through asteroseismology, provided the host star shows oscillations that can be analysed. However, both the number of detected exoplanets and the number of pulsating/oscillating stars are rising continuously, causing an updated list of seismic host stars and their properties to be overdue. As a consequence, we are now assembling this updated catalogue of pulsating/oscillating stars that host confirmed and/or candidate exoplanets, and we need your help to ensure that we have included your asteroseismic host star in the sample. We will revisit the seismic detection of the solar-like oscillators and perform grid-based modelling of stars in the sample using the BASTA code.
Sensitivity to activity of M dwarf spectral lines
Creators: name: Lafarga, Marina
name: Consortium, The CARMENES
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: stellar activity
M dwarfs
CARMENES
line-by-line
high-resolution spectroscopy

description: Stellar activity poses one of the main obstacles for the detection and characterisation of exoplanets around cool stars, as it deforms the absorption line profiles of stellar spectra creating signals that can hide or mimic the presence of companions. A wide variety of techniques are being developed with the aim of disentangling signals of stellar and planetary origins. These range from the decorrelation or modelling of the activity signals in the radial velocity (RV) time series, to the RV extraction using carefully selected wavelength regions of the stellar spectrum which are less affected by activity. In this work, we analyse the effects of activity on individual absorption features present on the optical spectra of active M dwarf stars. By studying the correlations between the individual line RVs and activity indicators, we are able to classify the observed lines according to their sensitivity to activity. This allows us to select differently affected lines and use them to compute RVs for which we mitigate or enhance the activity signal to varying degrees. We also observe that the same lines on similar stars show different sensitivities to activity, suggesting the generalisation of a line list a challenging endeavour.
description: {"references": ["Dumusque, X. (2018), A&A, 620, A47", "Cretignier, M. et al. (2020), A&A, 633, A76", "Siegel, J. C. et al. (2022), AJ, 163, 260", "Reiners, A. et al. (2018), A&A, 612, A49", "Quirrenbach, A. et al. (2016), SPIE 9908, 990812"]}
GarmentCode: Programming Parametric Sewing Patterns
Creators: name: Korosteleva, Maria
name: Sorkine-Hornung, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Garment modeling is an essential task of the global apparel industry and a core part of digital human modeling. Realistic representation of garments with valid sewing patterns is key to their accurate digital simulation and eventual fabrication. However, little-to-no computational tools provide support for bridging the gap between high-level construction goals and low-level editing of pattern geometry, e.g., combining or switching garment elements, semantic editing, or design exploration that maintains the validity of a sewing pattern. We suggest the first DSL for garment modeling -- GarmentCode -- that applies principles of object-oriented programming to garment construction and allows designing sewing patterns in a hierarchical, component-oriented manner. The programming-based paradigm naturally provides unique advantages of component abstraction, algorithmic manipulation, and free-form design parametrization. We additionally support the construction process by automating typical low-level tasks like placing a dart at a desired location. In our prototype garment configurator, users can manipulate meaningful design parameters and body measurements, while the construction of pattern geometry is handled by garment programs implemented with GarmentCode. Our configurator enables the free exploration of rich design spaces and the creation of garments using interchangeable, parameterized components. We showcase our approach by producing a variety of garment designs and retargeting them to different body shapes using our configurator. Project page: https://igl.ethz.ch/projects/garmentcode/
description: Presented at SIGGRAPH Asia 2023
Global uniqueness for the Calderón problem with Lipschitz conductivities
Creators: name: Caro, Pedro
name: Rogers, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove uniqueness for Calderón's problem with Lipschitz conductivities in higher dimensions. Combined with the recent work of Haberman, who treated the three and four dimensional cases, this confirms a conjecture of Uhlmann. Our proof builds on the work of Sylvester and Uhlmann, Brown, and Haberman and Tataru who proved uniqueness for $C^1$ conductivities and Lipschitz conductivities sufficiently close to the identity.
Replication Package
Creators: name: Azzeh, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Delivering a reliable and high-quality software system to client is a big challenge in software development and evolution process. One of the software measures that confirm the quality of the system is the defect density. Practitioners usually need this measure during software development process or during a period of operation to indicate the reliability of software system. However, since predicting defect density before testing the modules is time consuming, managers need to build a prediction model that can help in detecting the defective modules. This process can reduce the testing cost and improve testing resources utilizations. The most intrinsic feature of software defect datasets is the data sparsity in the defect density which might bias the final prediction. Therefore, we use deep learning to build defect density prediction models and handle the inherit challenge of data sparsity in defect density. Deep learning has shown to be effective with sparse data. The constructed model has been evaluated against well-known machine learning methods over 28 public datasets. The obtained results confirmed that the deep learning model is generally more adequate than other machine models over the datasets with high and very high sparsity ratios, and competitive choice when the sparsity ratio is either medium or low
Quantum Hall bilayer in dipole representation
Creators: name: Predin, Sonja
name: Milovanović, Milica V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum Hall bilayer (QHB) at filling factor $ ν= 1 $ represents a competition between Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) at small distances between layers and fermionic condensation, whose influence grows with distance and results in two separate Fermi liquid states for the underlying quasiparticles at very large (or infinite) distances. The question that can be raised is whether, at intermediate distances between layers, a distinct phase exists, or if a singular transition occurs, with the possibility that this happens at infinite distances. Here, using a dipole representation for fermionic quasiparticles, we find support for the latter scenario: Within a large and relevant range of distances, BEC condensation, identified as Cooper $ s $-wave pairing of dipole quasiparticles, prevails over both Cooper $ p $-wave pairing and $ s $-wave excitonic pairing of the same quasiparticles.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Adsorption and release behavior of chemicals from microplastics during environmental aging
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaoxin
name: Halsall, Crispin
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: Plastics are widely used in daily life due to their flexibility,
 durability and low cost. Due to their global usage, and poor handling at
 all stages of use from manufacture to disposal, an increasing quantity of
 microplastic debris has been detected in aquatic environments. As
 microplastics are composed of a wide range of chemical additives (e.g.,
 plasticizers, flame retardants, fillers, etc.), with those chemicals are
 not tightly bound into the polymer, they can be released into the
 environment, and furthermore, due to the hydrophobicity of microplastics,
 contaminants present environment might be adsorbed by microplastics.
 Microplastics have been shown to undergo extensive aging

 after physical abrasion, UV irradiation, biodegradation, etc. The aging
 effect is an important process that determines the transport and
 transformation of microplastics in the environment, as well as their
 interactions with environmental contaminants. This study investigates the
 aging mechanism, factors affect the aging process, and evaluates how aging
 of microplastics (including UV irradiation, biofilms colonization, natural
 aging) affects their surface properties, adsorption/desorption
 performance, presence of

 additives, etc. Generally, the oxygen-containing groups on the surface of
 microplastics increase after aging, and sometimes the surface brightness
 and colour-difference are changed (e.g., yellowing). Together with the
 changes in surface roughness, all of them directly or indirectly affect
 the adsorption/desorption performance of bisphenols (typical
 endocrine-disrupting chemicals) on microplastics. The interaction
 mechanisms involved H-bonding, π-π interaction, hydrophobicity
 interaction, electrostatic interaction. In addition, suspect screening
 analysis suggested that additives (e.g.,

 antioxidants, light stabilizers, plasticizers) might be vital in
 controlling the aging

 process, and the aging of microplastics affects the present of additives,
 leading to the changes of leaching behavior of additives from
 microplastics to the aquatic environment. This study combined both
 laboratory and field work, providing direct evidence of microplastic
 particles aging processes and their potential environmental risks due as a
 transport vector and exposure medium.
Overestimation of the South African HIV incidence using the BED IgG assay?
Creators: name: Price, M.
name: Karita, E.
name: Westreich, D.
name: Pettifor, A.
name: Fiscus, S.
name: Cohen, M.
name: Fiamma, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: To the Editor: We thank Rehle et al. for their important study of HIV incidence in South Africa, which we read with great interest. We agree with the authors that the incidence of HIV in South Africa is probably extremely high, particularly among young women, and believe that the study will help us focus HIV prevention efforts on appropriate subgroups. We have serious concerns, however, about the applicability of the BED IgG assay to the South African HIV epidemic. In light of recent evidence, we are concerned that Rehle et al. have overstated the true absolute incidence of HIV in South Africa.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Cause, Effect, or Both?
Creators: name: Miller, W.C.
name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: BC Decker Inc.
Year: 1998

description: The infectiousness of the index case and the susceptibility of the exposed host mediate the sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Infectiousness of the index case is determined by the inoculum of HIV and viral factors that favor transmission. Persons with primary infection, late stage disease, or low CD4 counts appear to transmit HIV with greater efficiency, presumably through increased viral burden in genital secretions. Susceptibility to HIV infection is determined by hereditary resistance factors, acquired immunity, site of exposure to the virus, and integrity of local barriers (e.g., vaginal epithelium). Hereditary resistance factors, such as cell surface receptors required for transmission of some viral variants, have been identified in studies of exposed, but uninfected persons. Acquired immunity, including protective cytotoxic T lymphocyte or antibody responses, may be important in persons repeatedly exposed to HIV who do not become infected. Sexual practices also affect susceptibility, with receptive anal intercourse having the highest risk, followed by vaginal intercourse and fellatio. Similarly, women are more susceptible to infection than men, through vaginal intercourse. In general, any factor affecting excretion of HIV or the number of receptive cells can be expected to affect the efficiency of transmission.
Bandgaps of insulators from moment-functional based spectral density-functional theory
Creators: name: Freimuth, Frank
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Mokrousov, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the method of spectral moments it is possible to construct the spectral function of a many-electron system from the first $2P$ spectral moments ($P=1,2,3,\dots$). The case $P=1$ corresponds to standard Kohn-Sham density functional theory (KS-DFT). Taking $P>1$ allows us to consider additional important properties of the uniform electron gas (UEG) in the construction of suitable moment potentials for moment-functional based spectral density-functional theory (MFbSDFT). For example, the quasiparticle renormalization factor $Z$, which is not explicitly considered in KS-DFT, can be included easily. In the 4-pole approximation of the spectral function of the UEG (corresponding to $P=4$) we can reproduce the momentum distribution, the second spectral moment, and the charge response acceptably well, while a treatment of the UEG by KS-DFT reproduces from these properties only the charge response. For weakly and moderately correlated systems we may reproduce the most important aspects of the 4-pole approximation by an optimized two-pole model, which leaves away the low-energy satellite band. From the optimized two-pole model we extract \textit{parameter-free universal} moment potentials for MFbSDFT, which improve the description of the bandgaps in Si, SiC, BN, MgO, CaO, and ZnO significantly.
Surface Plasmon Resonance of Nanoparticles and Applications in Imaging
Creators: name: Ammari, Habib
name: Deng, Youjun
name: Millien, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we provide a mathematical framework for localized plasmon resonance of nanoparticles. Using layer potential techniques associated with the full Maxwell equations, we derive small-volume expansions for the electromagnetic fields, which are uniformly valid with respect to the nanoparticle's bulk electron relaxation rate. Then, we discuss the scattering and absorption enhancements by plasmon resonant nanoparticles. We study both the cases of a single and multiple nanoparticles. We present numerical simulations of the localized surface plasmonic resonances associated to multiple particles in terms of their separation distance.
Collaboration within a shared digital paradigm: opportunities and outcomes
Creators: name: De Bastiani Chiara,
name: Fabbris Giulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: digital humanities
Italian cultural heritage
Germanic cultural heritage
cultural heritage digitization
data reuse

description: The aim of this poster is to present the partial results of a collaboration between two PON projects whose common goal is the valorization of Italian Cultural Heritage resources by inserting them in a digital paradigm. The cooperation consists in the connection of a SPARQL Endpoint with a visualization and annotation app in order to further enrich the data and ensure their dissemination and reuse.
Comparison of molecular and microscopic techniques for detection of Treponema pallidum in genital ulcers
Creators: name: Jethwa, H.S.
name: Behets, F.
name: Folds, J.D.
name: Lule, G.
name: Cohen, M.
name: Hoffman, I.
name: Hamilton, H.
name: Dallabetta, G.
name: Schmitz, J.L.
Publisher: name: American Society for Microbiology
Year: 1995

description: We compared the ability of direct immunofluorescent staining (DFA) and the PCR to detect Treponema pallidum in specimens from patients with genital ulcer disease. Touch preparations from 156 patients with genital lesions were fixed in acetone and stained with a fluorescein-labeled monoclonal antibody specific for the 37-kDa antigen of T. pallidum. After microscopic examination, the smear was removed from the slide with a swab. DNA was extracted with phenol-chloroform and precipitated with isopropanol. Ten microliters of the extracted DNA was amplified by PCR using primers for the gene encoding the 47-kDa protein of T. pallidum and hybridized to an internal probe. Twenty-two of 156 specimens were positive for T. pallidum by DFA and PCR, while 127 were negative by both methods, yielding a concordance of 95.5% (κ = 0.84). Four specimens were positive by PCR and negative by DFA, while three specimens were negative by PCR and positive by DFA. The DFA-negative, PCR-positive specimens may have resulted from the presence of large numbers of leukocytes on the slides, obscuring visualization of treponemes. The DFA- positive, PCR-negative results were not due to inhibition of the PCR since purified T. pallidum DNA was amplified when added to aliquots of these specimens. Negative results in these specimens were most likely due to inefficient recovery of their DNA. These data suggest that DFA and PCR are equivalent methods for detection of T. pallidum on touch preparations of genital lesions. Further refinements of the PCR assay are necessary for it to significantly improve the detection of T. pallidum in genital lesions.
Kepler: Robust Learning for Faster Parametric Query Optimization
Creators: name: Doshi, Lyric
name: Zhuang, Vincent
name: Jain, Gaurav
name: Marcus, Ryan
name: Huang, Haoyu
name: Altinbüken, Deniz
name: Brevdo, Eugene
name: Fraser, Campbell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most existing parametric query optimization (PQO) techniques rely on traditional query optimizer cost models, which are often inaccurate and result in suboptimal query performance. We propose Kepler, an end-to-end learning-based approach to PQO that demonstrates significant speedups in query latency over a traditional query optimizer. Central to our method is Row Count Evolution (RCE), a novel plan generation algorithm based on perturbations in the sub-plan cardinality space. While previous approaches require accurate cost models, we bypass this requirement by evaluating candidate plans via actual execution data and training an ML model to predict the fastest plan given parameter binding values. Our models leverage recent advances in neural network uncertainty in order to robustly predict faster plans while avoiding regressions in query performance. Experimentally, we show that Kepler achieves significant improvements in query runtime on multiple datasets on PostgreSQL.
description: SIGMOD 2023
A general parameterized mathematical food web model that predicts a stable green world in the terrestrial ecosystem
Creators: name: Konno, Kotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Terrestrial ecosystems are generally green and only a small part (<10%) of the plant matter is consumed by herbivores annually,but the reason has been unclear due to the lack of food web models for predicting the absolute herbivore biomass in physical units. Here, I present a simple parameterized mathematical food web model that can predict the biomass density of herbivores h (kg protein/m3) and carnivores c from ecological factors such as the nutritive values of plants np (kg protein/m3), herbivores nh, and carnivores nc, searching efficiency (volume) of carnivores S (/day), eating efficiency (speed) of herbivores eh (/day) and carnivores ec, respiratory decrease in herbivore and carnivore biomasses, dh (/day) and dc, absorption efficiency of herbivores and carnivores h (ratio) and c, and probabilities of carnivores preying on herbivores or carnivores, Phc (ratio) and Pcc.The model predicts a stable equilibrium with low herbivore biomass h sufficient to keep the world green if the food web consists of the three trophic levels, plants, herbivores and carnivores; intraguild predation of carnivores exists; np>eh, and Phc>Pcc >0,which are well-realized in above-ground terrestrial ecosystems where plant-rich "green world" is common. The h and c calculated from our model showed good agreement with those from empirical observations in forests, where both h and c are ca. 100 mg (fresh biomass/m2), and in savannahs. The model predicts that the nutritive values and digestibility of plants are positively correlated with h and the intensity of herbivory, which theoretically explains the out-door defensive effects of the anti-nutritive or quantitative defenses (e.g., tannins, protease inhibitors) of plants, and predicts that c and c/h are positively correlated with the relative growth rate of herbivores. The present model introduced parameterized realities into food web theory.
description: 68 pages, 2 figure, 3 Tables
Modelling waves in solar-like interiors with the MUSIC code
Creators: name: Le Saux, Arthur
name: Baraffe, Isabelle
name: Guillet, Thomas
name: Vlaykov, Dimitar
name: Morison, Adrien
name: Clark, Josh
name: Pratt, Jane
name: Goffrey, Tom
name: Réville, Victor
name: Brun, Allan Sacha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Hydrodynamics
Waves
Methods: numerical
Stars: interiors
Stars: solar-type

description: The importance of waves propagating in the stars is twofold. First, they offer a great opportunity to unveil stellar internal structure and dynamics thanks to the observation of oscillations modes of stars, this is the field of asteroseismology. Secondly, they have an impact on the internal structure and evolution of stars as they can transport angular momentum, energy and chemical elements between different region of the star. In this presentation I would like to particularly focus on internal gravity waves (IGW). Observation of these waves remain challenging and their properties in stellar interiors remain poorly constrained. These properties of IGW are inherently 3D, non-linear and anisotropic. Consequently, multi-dimensional simulations are needed in order to test theoretical models and guide observations! This is essential for past, present and future missions such as Kepler, TESS or PLATO.
 In this talk, I will present a study of IGW in solar-like stars based on multi-dimensional stellar structure models preformed with a fully compressible hydrodynamics time implicit code, the MUSIC code. I will discuss how an artificial increase of the stellar luminosity and of the thermal diffusivity by several orders of magnitudes impact the waves properties. Our results suggest that this technique affect the excitation of IGW, because of an impact on convective motions and overshooting, but also their damping. This is of particular importance when studying mixing and stellar rotation.
description: {"references": ["Le Saux, A. et al., (2022), A&A, 660, A51", "Baraffe, I. et al., (2021), A&A, 654, A126", "Baraffe, I. et al., (2022), A&A, 659, A53"]}
Glyphidocera Walsingham
Creators: name: DAVID ADAMSKI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Symmocidae
Glyphidocera

description: Review of Glyphidocera Walsingham of Costa Rica (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Glyphidoceridae) DAVID ADAMSKI Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 37012, MRC­ 168, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013 ­ 7012; Email: dadamski@sel.barc.usda.gov
description: Published as part of DAVID ADAMSKI, 2005, Review of Glyphidocera Walsingham of Costa Rica (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Glyphidoceridae), pp. 1-158 in Zootaxa 858 on page 3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.170793
Streamers feeding the SVS13-A protobinary system: astrochemistry reveals accretion shocks?
Creators: name: Bianchi, Eleonora
name: López-Sepulcre, Ana
name: Ceccarelli, Cecilia
name: Codella, Claudio
name: Podio, Linda
name: Bouvier, Mathilde
name: Enrique-Romero, Joan
name: Bachiller, Rafael
name: Leflochb, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ALMA high-angular resolution (~ 50 au) observations of the binary system SVS13-A. More specifically, we analyse deuterated water (HDO) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) emission. The molecular emission is associated with both the components of the binary system, VLA4A and VLA4B. The spatial distribution is compared to that of formamide (NH2CHO), previously analysed in the system. Deuterated water reveals an additional emitting component spatially coincident with the dust accretion streamer, at a distance larger than 120 au from the protostars, and at blue-shifted velocities (> 3 km/s from the systemic velocities). We investigate the origin of the molecular emission in the streamer, in light of thermal sublimation temperatures calculated using updated binding energies (BE) distributions. We propose that the observed emission is produced by an accretion shock at the interface between the accretion streamer and the disk of VLA4A. Thermal desorption is not completely excluded in case the source is actively experiencing an accretion burst.
description: Accepted for publication in Faraday Discussions 2023
A América Latina da Disney: O imperialismo por meio do discurso
Creators: name: Costa, Marla Barbosa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Este trabalho se propõe a analisar de forma crítica o papel da Walt Disney Company durante a política de boa vizinhança dos Estados Unidos. O discurso contido nas obras da Disney aparece como um instrumento potencialmente colonizador, através da convicção de que todos possuem o seu “feliz para sempre”. A disneyficação do mundo – um processo de transformação, criado através do soft power da organização e do seu poder de atração e de mitificação do mundo –, cria padrões de consumo, trabalho, comunicação e infraestrutura, todos baseado em uma ideologia dominante. Partindo de uma análise das peças criadas durante o período entre guerras, discute-se a criação de novos personagens, bem como a utilização de personagens já conhecidos do grande público em situações adversas. Atrelado a isso, discute-se o imperialismo ideológico e as suas consequências nos países subdesenvolvidos ou em desenvolvimento da América Latina.