cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
VIRIS: A Visual-Infrared Imaging System for the Lick Observatory 1-M Telescope
Creators: name: Graham, James R.
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
name: Misch, Anthony A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a system in use at the Lick Observatory 1-m Nickel telescope for near-simultaneous imaging at optical and near-infrared wavelengths. The combined availability of a CCD and a NICMOS-3 camera makes the system well-suited for photometric monitoring from 0.5-2.2 microns of a variety of astrophysical objects. Our science program thus far has concentrated on studying variability trends in young stellar objects.
description: 11 pages LaTex, 3 Postscript figure, Pub. Astr. Soc. Pac. 1998, in press
Rasch analysis of the upper-limb subscale of the stroke rehabilitation assessment of movement (STREAM) tool in an acute stroke cohort Rasch analysis of the upper-limb subscale of the STREAM tool in an acute stroke population
Creators: name: Mateen, Bilal A.
name: Baker, Karen
name: E. Diane Playford
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide. The most common impairment resulting from stroke is upper-limb weakness. Objectives: To determine the usefulness and psychometric validity of the upper-limb subscale of the STREAM in an acute stroke population. Methods: Rasch Analysis, including unidimensionality assumption testing, determining model fit, and analysis of: reliability, residual correlations, and differential item functioning. Results: 125 individuals were assessed using the upper-limb subscale of the Stroke Rehabilitation Assessment of Movement (STREAM) tool. Rasch analysis suggests the STREAM is a unidimensional measure. However, when scored using the originally proposed method (0–2), or using the response pattern (0–5) neither variant fit the Rasch model (p Conclusions: The study proposes a new scoring method for the upper-limb subscale of the STREAM outcome measure in the acute stroke population.
A Machine-learning framework for automatic reference-free quality assessment in MRI
Creators: name: Küstner, Thomas
name: Gatidis, Sergios
name: Liebgott, Annika
name: Schwartz, Martin
name: Mauch, Lukas
name: Martirosian, Petros
name: Schmidt, Holger
name: Schwenzer, Nina F.
name: Nikolaou, Konstantin
name: Bamberg, Fabian
name: Yang, Bin
name: Schick, Fritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging offers a wide variety of imaging techniques. A large amount of data is created per examination which needs to be checked for sufficient quality in order to derive a meaningful diagnosis. This is a manual process and therefore time- and cost-intensive. Any imaging artifacts originating from scanner hardware, signal processing or induced by the patient may reduce the image quality and complicate the diagnosis or any image post-processing. Therefore, the assessment or the ensurance of sufficient image quality in an automated manner is of high interest. Usually no reference image is available or difficult to define. Therefore, classical reference-based approaches are not applicable. Model observers mimicking the human observers (HO) can assist in this task. Thus, we propose a new machine-learning-based reference-free MR image quality assessment framework which is trained on HO-derived labels to assess MR image quality immediately after each acquisition. We include the concept of active learning and present an efficient blinded reading platform to reduce the effort in the HO labeling procedure. Derived image features and the applied classifiers (support-vector-machine, deep neural network) are investigated for a cohort of 250 patients. The MR image quality assessment framework can achieve a high test accuracy of 93.7$\%$ for estimating quality classes on a 5-point Likert-scale. The proposed MR image quality assessment framework is able to provide an accurate and efficient quality estimation which can be used as a prospective quality assurance including automatic acquisition adaptation or guided MR scanner operation, and/or as a retrospective quality assessment including support of diagnostic decisions or quality control in cohort studies.
title: Multimodal imaging investigation of structural rich club alterations in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: Amyloid deposition, structural atrophy, and functional activation differences
Creators: name: Markett, Sebastian
name: Boeken, Ole J.
name: Wudarczyk, Olga A.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Alzheimer
subject: connectome
subject: mild cognitive impairment
subject: multimodal
subject: network hubs
subject: rich club
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by significant cerebral dysfunction, including increased amyloid deposition, gray matter atrophy, and changes in brain function. The involvement of highly connected network hubs, known as the “rich club,” in the pathology of the disease remains inconclusive despite previous research efforts. In this study, we aimed to systematically assess the link between the rich club and AD using a multimodal neuroimaging approach. We employed network analyses of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), longitudinal assessments of gray matter atrophy, amyloid deposition measurements using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and meta-analytic data on functional activation differences. Our study focused on evaluating the role of both the structural brain network's core and extended rich club regions in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and those diagnosed with AD. Our findings revealed that structural rich club regions exhibited accelerated gray matter atrophy and increased amyloid deposition in both MCI and AD. Importantly, these regions remained unaffected by altered functional activation patterns observed outside the core rich club regions. These results shed light on the connection between two major AD biomarkers and the rich club, providing valuable insights into AD as a potential disconnection syndrome.
Additional file 2 of Targeting NEK2 impairs oncogenesis and radioresistance via inhibiting the Wnt1/β-catenin signaling pathway in cervical cancer
Creators: name: Xu, Tie
name: Zeng, Yulan
name: Shi, Linli
name: Yang, Qin
name: Chen, Yeshan
name: Wu, Gang
name: Li, Guiling
name: Xu, Shuangbing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Correlation between the clinicopathologic variables and expression of NEK2 in 123 paraffin-embedded cervical cancer tissues.
Inflationary study of non-Gaussianity using two-dimensional geometrical measures of CMB temperature maps
Creators: name: Junaid, M.
name: Pogosyan, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we effectively calculated the two-dimensional Minkowski functionals for cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps generated by single field models of inflation with a standard kinetic term. We started with calculation of the bispectrum of initial perturbations and then calculated the two-dimensional configuration space cubic moments for temperature fluctuations. These cubic moments give rise to first order non-Gaussian correction terms to the Minkowski functionals. Thus, we developed a robust mechanism to predict the amount of non-Gaussianity generated by inflation in the CMB temperature maps using Minkowski functionals.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1506.01212
Valley Instanton versus Constrained Instanton
Creators: name: Aoyama, Hideaki
name: Harano, Toshiyuki
name: Sato, Masatoshi
name: Wada, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the new valley equation, we propose the most plausible method for constructing instanton-like configurations in the theory where the presence of a mass scale prevents the existence of the classical solution with a finite radius. We call the resulting instanton-like configuration as valley instanton. The detail comparison between the valley instanton and the constrained instanton in $ϕ^4$ theory and the gauge-Higgs system are carried out. For instanton-like configurations with large radii, there appear remarkable differences between them. These differences are essential in calculating the baryon number violating processes with multi bosons.
description: 37 pages, 8 eps figures, LaTeX, uses epsf.sty, citesort.sty and wrapfig2.sty. Minor modifications
A counterintuitive way to speed up pedestrian and granular bottleneck flows prone to clogging: Can 'more' escape faster?
Creators: name: Nicolas, Alexandre
name: Ibáñez, Santiago
name: Kuperman, Marcelo
name: Bouzat, Sebastián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dense granular flows through constrictions, as well as competitive pedestrian evacuations, are hindered by a propensity to form clogs. We usesimulations of model pedestrians and experiments with granular disks to explore an original strategy to speed up these flows, which consists in including contact-averse entities in the assembly. On the basis of a minimal cellular automaton and a continuous agent-based model for pedestrian evacuation dynamics, we find that the inclusion of polite pedestrians amid a given competitive crowd fails to reduce the evacuation time when the constriction (the doorway) is acceptably large. This is not surprising, because adding agents makes the crowd larger. In contrast, when the door is so narrow that it can accommodate at most one or two agents at a time, our strategy succeeds in substantially curbing long-lived clogs and speeding up the evacuation. A similar effect is seen experimentally in a vibrated two-dimensional hopper flow with an opening narrower than 3 disk diameters. Indeed, by adding to the initial collection of neutral disks a large fraction of magnetic ones, interacting repulsively, we observe a shortening of the time intervals between successive egresses of neutral disks, as reflected by the study of their probability distribution. On a more qualitative note, our study suggests that the much discussed analogy between pedestrian flows and granular flows could be extended to some behavioural traits of individual pedestrians.
Strong mixing measures for $C_0$-semigroups
Creators: name: Murillo-Arcila, Marina
name: Peris, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A25, 47A16

description: Our purpose is to obtain a very effective and general method to prove that certain $C_0$-semigroups admit invariant strongly mixing measures. More precisely, we show that the Frequent Hypercyclicity Criterion for $C_0$-semigroups ensures the existence of invariant mixing measures with full support. We will several examples, that range from birth-and-death models to the Black-Scholes equation, which illustrate these results.
description: 14 pages
Type Ia Supernovae in the First Few Days: Signatures of Helium Detonation versus Interaction
Creators: name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Jiang, Ji-an
name: Shigeyama, Toshikazu
name: Doi, Mamoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism for the early-phase blue and excessive emission within the first few days, reported so far for a few type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), has been suggested to be interaction of the SN ejecta either with a non-degenerate companion star or circumstellar media (CSM). Recently, another mechanism has been suggested within the context of the He detonation-triggered SN scenario (i.e., double detonation scenario or He-ignited violent merger), in which the radioactive isotopes in the outermost layer of the SN ejecta produce the early emission. In this paper, we investigate properties of the early-phase excessive emission predicted by these different scenarios. The He detonation scenario shows different behaviors in the early flash than the companion/CSM interaction scenarios. Especially clear diagnostics is provided once the behaviors in the UV and in the optical are combined. The spectra synthesized for the He detonation scenario are characterized by the absorptions due to the He detonation products, which especially develop in the decay phase. We further expect a relation between the properties of the early-phase flash and those of the maximum SN emission, in a way the brighter and slower initial flash is accompanied by a more substantial effect of the additional absorptions (and reddening). This relation, however, should be considered together with the maximum luminosity of the SN, since the larger luminosity suppresses the effect of the additional absorption. With these expected features, we address the possible origins of the observed excessive early-phase emission for a few SNe.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of LncRNA JPX promotes cervical cancer progression by modulating miR-25-3p/SOX4 axis
Creators: name: Chen, Xia
name: Yang, Jingxiu
name: Wang, Yuping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Clinical correlation of JPX expression in CC (n = 39).
VLBA Continuum Observations of NGC 4258: Constraints on an Advection-Dominated Accretion Flow
Creators: name: Herrnstein, J. R.
name: Greenhill, L. J.
name: Moran, J. M.
name: Diamond, P. J.
name: Inoue, M.
name: Nakai, N.
name: Miyoshi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a 3 sigma upper limit of 220 microJanskys on any 22-GHz continuum emission coincident with the central engine in NGC 4258. If NGC 4258 is powered by an advection-dominated accretion flow, this radio upper limit implies that the inner advection-dominated flow cannot extend significantly beyond about 100 Schwarzschild radii.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, to be published in ApJ Letters
Ramond-Ramond Flux Stabilization of D-Branes
Creators: name: Pawelczyk, Jacek
name: Rey, Soo-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In AdS_n x S^m threaded by N-units of Ramond-Ramond flux, the dynamics of a Dm-brane wrapped on S^{m-1} embedded in S^m is investigated. Under the condition that flux of the dual gauge field on the D-brane worldvolume is quantized integrally, It is found that the wrapped D-brane is stable both locally and globally and, on AdS_n, behaves effectively as a fundamental string. It is also claimed that the semi-infinite partially wrapped D-brane `lasso' around the S^m.
description: 10 pages, Latex, v2. typos corrected, v3. typos corrected and 1 ref. added v4. grant acknowledgement number changed v5. to appear in Physics Letters B
How Usable are Rust Cryptography APIs?
Creators: name: Mindermann, Kai
name: Keck, Philipp
name: Wagner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context: Poor usability of cryptographic APIs is a severe source of vulnerabilities. Aim: We wanted to find out what kind of cryptographic libraries are present in Rust and how usable they are. Method: We explored Rust's cryptographic libraries through a systematic search, conducted an exploratory study on the major libraries and a controlled experiment on two of these libraries with 28 student participants. Results: Only half of the major libraries explicitly focus on usability and misuse resistance, which is reflected in their current APIs. We found that participants were more successful using rust-crypto which we considered less usable than ring before the experiment. Conclusion: We discuss API design insights and make recommendations for the design of crypto libraries in Rust regarding the detail and structure of the documentation, higher-level APIs as wrappers for the existing low-level libraries, and selected, good-quality example code to improve the emerging cryptographic libraries of Rust.
Up-regulation of Toll-like receptors 7 and 9 and its potential implications in the pathogenic mechanisms of LMNA-related myopathies
Creators: name: Cappelletti, Cristina
name: Salerno, Franco
name: Canioni, Eleonora
name: Mora, Marina
name: Mantegazza, Renato
name: Bernasconi, Pia
name: Maggi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Laminopathies are a heterogeneous group of diseases, caused by mutations in lamin A/C proteins. The most common laminopathy (LMNA-related myopathies, LMNA-RM) affects skeletal and cardiac muscles; muscle histopathology is variable, ranging from mild unspecific changes to dystrophic features, sometimes with inflammatory evidence. Whether the genetic defect might activate innate immune components, leading to chronic inflammation, myofiber necrosis and fibrosis, is still unknown. By qPCR, a significant up-regulation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and 9 transcripts was found in LMNA-RM compared to other myopathic and non-myopathic muscles. A marked TLR7/9 staining was observed on LMNA-RM blood vessels and muscle fibers and, when present, on infiltrating cells, mainly macrophages, scattered in the tissue or localized close to degenerated muscle fibers and connective tissue. Our results recognize innate immunity as a player in LMNA-RM pathogenesis. Modulation of TLR7/9 signaling pathways and decrease of macrophage-mediated inflammation might be potential therapeutic strategies in LMNA-RM management. Abbreviations: DMD, Duchenne muscular dystrophy; EDMD2, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy type 2; FSHD, facio-scapulo-humeral muscular dystrophy; LGMD1B, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B; LMNA-CMD, LMNA-related congenital muscular dystrophy; LMNA-RM, LMNA-related myopathies; sIBM, sporadic inclusion body myositis; TLR, Toll-like receptor
On the Fairlie's Moyal formulation of M(atrix)- theory
Creators: name: Hssaini, M.
name: Sedra, M. B.
name: Bennai, M.
name: Maroufi, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the Moyal formulation of M-theory in the large N-limit, we propose to reexamine the associated membrane equations of motion in 10 dimensions formulated in terms of Poisson bracket. Among the results obtained, we rewrite the coupled first order Nahm's equations into a simple form leading in turn to their systematic relation with $SU(\infty)$ Yang Mills equations of motion. The former are interpreted as the vanishing condition of some conserved currents which we propose. We develop also an algebraic analysis in which an ansatz is considered and find an explicit form for the membrane solution of our problem. Typical solutions known in literature can also emerge as special cases of the proposed solution
description: 16 pages
Recurrence properties of hypercyclic operators
Creators: name: Bès, Juan
name: Menet, Quentin
name: Peris, Alfredo
name: de Dios, Yunied Puig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A16

description: We generalize the notions of hypercyclic operators, $\mathfrak{U}$-frequently hypercyclic operators and frequently hypercyclic operators by introducing a new notion of hypercyclicity, called $\mathcal{A}$-frequent hypercyclicity. We then state an $\mathcal{A}$-Frequent Hypercyclicity Criterion, inspired from the Hypercyclicity Criterion and the Frequent Hypercyclicity Criterion, and we show that this criterion characterizes the $\mathcal{A}$-frequent hypercyclicity for weighted shifts. We finish by investigating which kind of properties of density can have the sets ${N(x, U)=\{n\in \mathbb{N}:T^nx\in U\}}$ for a given hypercyclic operator and study the new notion of reiteratively hypercyclic operators.
description: 24 pages
Four Dimensional Orbit Spaces of Compact Coregular Linear Groups
Creators: name: Sartori, G.
name: Talamini, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All four dimensional orbit spaces of compact coregular linear groups have been determined. The results are obtained through the integration of a universal differential equation, that only requires as input the number of elements of an integrity basis of the ideal of polynomial invariants of the linear group. Our results are relevant and lead to universality properties in the physics of spontaneous symmetry breaking at the classical level.
description: 23 pages, plain LaTeX, a review that has not distributed regularly
The development of multiple criteria decision making methods with applications to the selection problem in mining and mineral processing
Creators: name: Fernando, Fernando
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Over the past decade, decision makers in the mining and mineral processing industry have had to deal with multiple challenges such as varying metal prices, depleting resource quality, and complying with stricter environmental regulations. Besides, the mining and mineral processing industry also needs to consider the use of renewable energy in order to comply with strict environmental regulations. In addition, since the use of renewable energy has costs associated to the additional equipment installation and maintenance, optimizing the equipment selection to minimise energy costs is of vital importance. Therefore, decision makers in the sector often face problems that involve multidisciplinary knowledge that take into account technical, social, economic and environmental aspects. Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM), which is a part of operations research, has become extremely useful to overcome a variety of decision making problems in mining and mineral processing. Although a very large number of MCDM methods have been developed, the effectiveness of these methods still depends on the objective of the decision making process (i.e. selection, sorting, ranking, description) and the nature of the problem. An exhaustive literature review on the applications and trends of MCDM for the selection problem in mining and mineral processing has been conducted in this work. The literature review indicates that conventional MCDM methods have been frequently criticised on several drawbacks including its inability to quantify the uncertainty in data and information, the occurrence of the rank reversal phenomenon, and its difficulty in aggregating several judgements and preferences from multiple decision makers including related uncertainty on their judgements or preferences, as well as the robustness of MCDM methods in dealing with non-homogenous data (i.e. quantitative and qualitative). This thesis presents the development of four new MCDM methods and their application to the selection problem (i.e. determining the best option from a set) in mining and mineral processing by taking into account the role of uncertainties in the decision making process. This work mainly demonstrates the value of applying the concept of constrained fuzzy arithmetic in fuzzy extension of conventional MCDM methods when the input data that need to be analysed are difficult to define precisely. In order to showcase the capability of the developed methods, three case studies on the selection problem in the mining industry were conducted. Furthermore, the robustness of the developed methods are shown by conducting sensitivity analyses and comparing their results to those obtained from existing methods.
Space-Time Noncommutativity, Discreteness of Time and Unitarity
Creators: name: Chaichian, M.
name: Demichev, A.
name: Presnajder, P.
name: Tureanu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Violation of unitarity for noncommutative field theory on compact space-times is considered. Although such theories are free of ultraviolet divergences, they still violate unitarity while in a usual field theory such a violation occurs when the theory is nonrenormalizable. The compactness of space-like coordinates implies discreteness of the time variable which leads to appearance of unphysical modes and violation of unitarity even in the absence of a star-product in the interaction terms. Thus, this conclusion holds also for other quantum field theories with discrete time. Violation of causality, among others, occurs also as the nonvanishing of the commutation relations between observables at space-like distances with a typical scale of noncommutativity. While this feature allows for a possible violation of the spin-statistics theorem, such a violation does not rescue the situation but makes the scale of causality violation as the inverse of the mass appearing in the considered model, i.e., even more severe. We also stress the role of smearing over the noncommutative coordinates entering the field operator symbols.
description: 10 pages, plain LaTeX
The Specification Property for $C_0$-Semigroups
Creators: name: Bartoll, S.
name: Martínez-Giménez, F.
name: Peris, A.
name: Rodenas, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A16

description: We study one of the strongest versions of chaos for continuous dynamical systems, namely the specification property. We extend the definition of specification property for operators on a Banach space to strongly continuous one-parameter semigroups of operators, that is, $C_0$-semigroups. In addition, we study the relationships of the specification property for $C_0$-semigroups (SgSP) with other dynamical properties: mixing, Devaney's chaos, distributional chaos and frequent hypercyclicity. Concerning the applications, we provide several examples of semigroups which exhibit the SgSP with particular interest on solution semigroups to certain linear PDEs, which range from the hyperbolic heat equation to the Black-Scholes equation.
description: 13 pages
Fermions and world-line supersymmetry
Creators: name: van Holten, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The world-line path-integral representation of fermion propagators is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the representation of $γ_5$, which is connected to the realization of manifest world-line supersymmetry.
description: Contr. Proc. Buckow Symposium (1995); latex, 12 pages
Simultaneous Optical Flow and Segmentation (SOFAS) using Dynamic Vision Sensor
Creators: name: Stoffregen, Timo
name: Kleeman, Lindsay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an algorithm (SOFAS) to estimate the optical flow of events generated by a dynamic vision sensor (DVS). Where traditional cameras produce frames at a fixed rate, DVSs produce asynchronous events in response to intensity changes with a high temporal resolution. Our algorithm uses the fact that events are generated by edges in the scene to not only estimate the optical flow but also to simultaneously segment the image into objects which are travelling at the same velocity. This way it is able to avoid the aperture problem which affects other implementations such as Lucas-Kanade. Finally, we show that SOFAS produces more accurate results than traditional optic flow algorithms.
Finite intersection property and dynamical compactness
Creators: name: Huang, Wen
name: Khilko, Danylo
name: Kolyada, Sergiy
name: Peris, Alfred
name: Zhang, Guohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 37B05, Secondary 54H20

description: Dynamical compactness with respect to a family as a new concept of chaoticity of a dynamical system was introduced and discussed in [22]. In this paper we continue to investigate this notion. In particular, we prove that all dynamical systems are dynamically compact with respect to a Furstenberg family if and only if this family has the finite intersection property. We investigate weak mixing and weak disjointness by using the concept of dynamical compactness. We also explore further difference between transitive compactness and weak mixing. As a byproduct, we show that the $ω_{\mathcal{F}}$-limit and the $ω$-limit sets of a point may have quite different topological structure. Moreover, the equivalence between multi-sensitivity, sensitive compactness and transitive sensitivity is established for a minimal system. Finally, these notions are also explored in the context of linear dynamics.
Color randomization of fast gluon-gluon pairs in the quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Zakharov, B. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the color randomization of two-gluon states produced after splitting of a primary fast gluon in the quark-gluon plasma. We find that for the LHC conditions the color randomization of the $gg$ pairs is rather slow. At jet energies $E=100$ and $500$ GeV, for typical jet path length in the plasma in central Pb+Pb collisions, the $SU(3)$-multiplet averaged color Casimir of the $gg$ pair differs considerably from its value $2N_c$ for a fully randomized $gg$ state. Our calculations of the energy dependence for generation of the nearly collinear decuplet $gg$ states, that can lead to the baryon jet fragmentation, show that the contribution of the anomalous decuplet color states to the baryon production should become small at $p_T\gtrsim 10$ GeV.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
Pulsed laser deposition of zinc oxide thin films for optoelectronic applications
Creators: name: Franklin, Joseph B.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films have great promise for a wide range of optoelectronic applications, however controlling crystallinity and stoichiometry at low processing temperatures remains a challenge. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a versatile technique that allows precise control the film properties. The crystallinity and electrical properties can, theoretically, be tuned by altering a wide variety of deposition parameters. However, until now there has been little work performed exploring PLD as a technique for the preparation of thin films at low temperature, for use in optoelectronic applications. In this thesis, PLD is demonstrated as a highly appropriate technique for the preparation of semiconducting and electrically conducting transparent films, over a wide range of substrate temperatures applicable for optoelectronic grade substrates. Deposition conditions are identified allowing the low temperature deposition of ZnO directly onto functional organic poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) coated substrates. To demonstrate the applicability of this methodology the preparation of conventional architecture hybrid (inorganic:organic) photovoltaic devices is outlined with no degradation to the microstructure, optical or electrical properties of the P3HT observed. The methodology is widely applicable for depositing oxide interlayers multilayer organic devices. In this thesis, the role of ZnO is investigated as i) an exciton dissociation and electron transporting layer in hybrid devices, ii) an optical spacing layer in organic bulk heterojunction photovoltaic devices and iii) as a transparent conducting oxide (when doped with A1) as a top contact for organic optoelectronic devices. Device performance is optimised through careful control of PLD parameters. In each device and in free-standing thin films the microstructure, morphology and crystallographic nature of the as-deposited ZnO is studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrical properties are studied in both operational devices and by 4-point probe measurements.
Effect of small water retention structures on diffusive CO2 and CH4 emissions along a highly impounded river
Creators: name: Lluís Gómez-Gener
name: Gubau, Marina
name: Schiller, Daniel Von
name: Marcé, Rafael
name: Biel Obrador
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The impoundment of running waters through the construction of large dams is recognised as one of the most important factors determining the transport, transformation, and outgassing of carbon (C) in fluvial networks. However, the effects of small and very small water retention structures (SWRS) on the magnitude and spatiotemporal patterns of C emissions are still unknown, even though SWRS are the most common type of water retention structure causing river fragmentation worldwide. Here we evaluated and compared diffusive carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emissions from river sections impounded by SWRS and from their adjacent free-flowing sections along a highly impounded river. Emissions from impounded river sections (mean [SE] = 17.7 [2.8] and 0.67 [0.14] mmol m−2 d−1, for CO2 and CH4, respectively) never exceeded those from their adjacent free-flowing river sections (230.6 [49.7] and 2.14 [0.54] mmol m−2 d−1). We attribute this finding to the reduced turbulence in impounded river sections induced by SWRS compared to free-flowing river sections (i.e., physical driver). Likewise, the presence of SWRS favoured an increase of the concentration of CH4 in impounded waters, but this increase was not sufficient to cause a significant influence in the CH4 efflux from the downstream free-flowing river sections. By contrast, this influenced the larger-scale longitudinal patterns of dissolved CH4, which exhibited a clear shifting pattern along the study stretch, modulated by variables associated with the presence of SWRS, such as higher water residence times, higher sedimentation rates, and higher temperatures. Overall, our results show that the presence of SWRS can modify the concentrations of C gases in highly impounded rivers but exerts a minor influence on diffusive C emissions.
Strong transitivity properties for operators
Creators: name: Bès, Juan
name: Menet, Quentin
name: Peris, Alfredo
name: de Dios, Yunied Puig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A16

description: Given a Furstenberg family $\mathscr{F}$ of subsets of $\mathbb{N}$, an operator $T$ on a topological vector space $X$ is called $\mathscr{F}$-transitive provided for each non-empty open subsets $U$, $V$ of $X$ the set $\{n\in \mathbb{Z}_+ : T^n(U)\cap V\neq\emptyset\}$ belongs to $\mathscr{F}$. We classify the topologically transitive operators with a hierarchy of $\mathscr{F}$-transitive subclasses by considering families $\mathscr{F}$ that are determined by various notions of largeness and density in $\mathbb{Z}_+$.
N- and 1-time Classical Description of N-body Relativistic Kinematics and the Electromagnetic Interaction
Creators: name: Lusanna, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic covariant 1-time description (rest-frame instant form) for N relativistic scalar particles is defined. The system of N charged scalar particles plus the electromagnetic field is described in this way: the study of its Dirac observables allows the extraction of the Coulomb potential from field theory and the regularization of the classical self-energy by using Grassmann-valued electric charges. The 1-time covariant relativistic statistical mechanics is defined.
Characteristics of Two-episode Emission Patterns in {\em Fermi} Long Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Lan, Lin
name: Lü, Hou-Jun
name: Zhong, Shu-Qing
name: Zhang, Hai-Ming
name: Rice, Jared
name: Cheng, Ji-Gui
name: Du, Shen-Shi
name: Li, Long
name: Lin, Jie
name: Lu, Rui-Jing
name: Liang, En-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-episode emission components separated by quiescent gaps in the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been observed in the {\em Swift} era, but there is a lack of spectral information due to the narrow energy band of the {\em Swift}/Burst Alert Telescope. In this paper, a systematic analysis of the spectral and temporal properties of the prompt emission of 101 {\em Fermi}/Gamma-ray Burst Monitor detected long GRBs show the existence of two-episode emission components in the light curves, with quiescent times of up to hundreds of seconds. We focus on investigating the differences of those two emission episodes. We find that the light curves of the two emission components exhibit different behavior, e.g., a soft emission component that either precedes or follows the main prompt emission or that the intensity of the two emission episodes are comparable with each other. No statistically significant correlation in the duration of the two emission episodes can be claimed. We define a new parameter $\varepsilon$ as the ratio of the peak flux of the first and second emission episodes and find that a higher $\varepsilon$ corresponds to a larger fluence. The preferred spectral model in our analysis is a cutoff power-law model for most GRBs. The distribution of $E_p$ for episodes I and II range from tens of keV to 1000 keV with a lognormal fit and there are no significant differences between them. Moreover, we do not find significant relationships between $\varepsilon$ and $E_p$ for the two emission episodes. Those results suggest that these two-episode emission components likely share the same physical origin.
description: 22 pages, 1 Table, 5 Figures. updated the reference list and matched the published version
Non-BPS D-branes on a Calabi-Yau Orbifold
Creators: name: Majumder, Jaydeep
name: Sen, Ashoke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system containing a pair of non-BPS D-strings of type IIA string theory on an orbifold, representing a single D2-brane wrapped on a nonsupersymmetric 2-cycle of a Calabi-Yau 3-fold with $(h^{(1,1)},h^{(1,2)})$ = (11,11), is analyzed. In certain region of the moduli space the configuration is stable. We show that beyond the region of stability the system can decay into a pair of non-BPS D3-branes. At one point on the boundary of the region of stability, there exists a marginal deformation which connects the system of non-BPS D-strings to the system of non-BPS D3-branes. Across any other point on the boundary of the region of stability, the transition from the system of non-BPS D-strings to the system of non-BPS D3-branes is first order. We discuss the phase diagram in the moduli space for these configurations.
description: LaTeX file, 27 pages, epsf
Semi-Analytic Modelling of Galaxy Formation: The Local Universe
Creators: name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Primack, Joel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using semi-analytic models of galaxy formation, we investigate galaxy properties such as the Tully-Fisher relation, the B and K-band luminosity functions, cold gas contents, sizes, metallicities, and colours, and compare our results with observations of local galaxies. We investigate several different recipes for star formation and supernova feedback, including choices that are similar to the treatment in Kauffmann, White & Guiderdoni (1993) and Cole et al. (1994) as well as some new recipes. We obtain good agreement with all of the key local observations mentioned above. In particular, in our best models, we simultaneously produce good agreement with both the observed B and K-band luminosity functions and the I-band Tully-Fisher relation. Improved cooling and supernova feedback modelling, inclusion of dust extinction, and an improved Press-Schechter model all contribute to this success. We present results for several variants of the CDM family of cosmologies, and find that models with values of $Ω_0 \simeq 0.3$--0.5 give the best agreement with observations.
description: 26 pages, LaTeX, MNRAS format, 23 inlined postscript figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Revised version contains substantial changes including improved models. High resolution figures, original version, and summary of changes may be found at http://www.fiz.huji.ac.il/~rachels/papers/sp.html
Particle Motion in a Yang-Mills Field: Wong's Equations and Spin One-half Analogues
Creators: name: Macfarlane, N Linden A J
name: van Holten, J W
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete, straightforward and natural Lagrangian description is given for the classical non-relativistic dynamics of a particle with colour or internal symmetry degrees of freedom moving in a background Yang-Mills field. This provides a new simple Lagrangian formalism for Wong's equations for spinless particles, and presents also their generalisation, in gauge covariant form, for spin-$\frack$ particles, within a complete Lagrangian formalism.
description: 6 pages, latex file, to appear in Czech J Phys
Solving parity games through fictitious play
Creators: name: Wang, Huaxin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The thesis aims to find an efficient algorithm for solving parity games. Parity games are graph-based, 0-sum, 2-person games with infinite plays. It is known that these games are determined: all nodes in these games are won by exactly one player. Solving parity games is equivalent to the model checking problem of modal mu-calculus; an efficient solution has important implications to program verification and controller synthesis. Although the decision problem of which player wins a given node is generally believed to be in PTIME, all known algorithms so far have been shown to run in (sub)exponential time. The design of existing algorithms either derives from the determinacy proof of parity games or from a purely graph theoretical perspective, using certain rank functions to iteratively search for an optimal solution. Since parity games are 2-person, 0-sum games, in this thesis I borrow ideas of game theory and investigate the viability of using fictitious play to solve them. Fictitious play is a method where two players choose strategies in strict alternation, and where these choices are “best responses” against the last k (so called bounded recall length) or against all strategies (unbounded recall length) of the other player chosen so far. I use this method to design an algorithm that can solve partity games and study its theoretical and experimental properties. For example, I prove that the basic algorithm solves fully connected games in polynomial time through a number of iterations that is bounded by a small constant. Although the proof is not extended to the general cases in the thesis, the basic algorithm performs demonstrably well against existing solvers in experiments over a large number and variety of games. In particular, the empirically obtained number of iterations that our basic algorithm requires appears to increase polynomially against the game sizes for all the games tested. Furthermore, the algorithm is conjectured to have a run time complexity bounded by O(n4 log2(n)) and I provide a discussion of strategy graphs and their emperically observed properties that motivates this conjecture. One caveat of fictitious play with bounded recall length is that the algorithm may fail to converge to the optimal solution due to the presence of nonoptimal strategy cycles of length greater than 2. In this thesis, I observe that in practice such cases account for less than 0.01% of the games tested. Different cycle resolution methods are explored in the thesis to address this. One particular method combines our basic algorithm and the discrete strategy solver together such that the resulting algorithm is guaranteed to terminate with the optimal solution. Also, this combined solver shares the runtime performance of fictitious play.
Tenthredo capreae Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Tenthredo
Tenthredo capreae

description: Tenthredo capreae [spec. nov.]
T. Salicis. Fn. svec. 933.
Alb. ins. 59. f. g. h.
Habitat in Salicibus.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 559, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206