cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A QUBO Algorithm to Compute Eigenvectors of Symmetric Matrices
Creators: name: Krakoff, Benjamin
name: Mniszewski, Susan M.
name: Negre, Christian F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an algorithm to compute the extremal eigenvalues and corresponding eigenvectors of a symmetric matrix by solving a sequence of Quadratic Binary Optimization problems. This algorithm is robust across many different classes of symmetric matrices, can compute the eigenvector/eigenvalue pair to essentially arbitrary precision, and with minor modifications can also solve the generalized eigenvalue problem. Performance is analyzed on small random matrices and selected larger matrices from practical applications.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Lung Cancer Diagnosis Using Deep Attention Based on Multiple Instance Learning and Radiomics
Creators: name: Chen, Junhua
name: Zeng, Haiyan
name: Zhang, Chong
name: Shi, Zhenwei
name: Dekker, Andre
name: Wee, Leonard
name: Bermejo, Inigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Early diagnosis of lung cancer is a key intervention for the treatment of lung cancer computer aided diagnosis (CAD) can play a crucial role. However, most published CAD methods treat lung cancer diagnosis as a lung nodule classification problem, which does not reflect clinical practice, where clinicians diagnose a patient based on a set of images of nodules, instead of one specific nodule. Besides, the low interpretability of the output provided by these methods presents an important barrier for their adoption. In this article, we treat lung cancer diagnosis as a multiple instance learning (MIL) problem in order to better reflect the diagnosis process in the clinical setting and for the higher interpretability of the output. We chose radiomics as the source of input features and deep attention-based MIL as the classification algorithm.The attention mechanism provides higher interpretability by estimating the importance of each instance in the set for the final diagnosis.In order to improve the model's performance in a small imbalanced dataset, we introduce a new bag simulation method for MIL.The results show that our method can achieve a mean accuracy of 0.807 with a standard error of the mean (SEM) of 0.069, a recall of 0.870 (SEM 0.061), a positive predictive value of 0.928 (SEM 0.078), a negative predictive value of 0.591 (SEM 0.155) and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.842 (SEM 0.074), outperforming other MIL methods.Additional experiments show that the proposed oversampling strategy significantly improves the model's performance. In addition, our experiments show that our method provides an indication of the importance of each nodule in determining the diagnosis, which combined with the well-defined radiomic features, make the results more interpretable and acceptable for doctors and patients.
title: Fostbroedernas Eigles Och Asmunds Saga; 1693
title: Fortissimorum pugilum Egilli et Asmundi Historia
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Salanus, Petrus
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Nebent.: Fortißimorum Pugilum Egilli & Asmundi Historiam ... Illustravit Petrus Salanus. - Text isländ., schwed. und lat.
Deep learning with self-supervision and uncertainty regularization to count fish in underwater images
Creators: name: Tarling, Penny
name: Cantor, Mauricio
name: Clapés, Albert
name: Escalera, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Effective conservation actions require effective population monitoring. However, accurately counting animals in the wild to inform conservation decision-making is difficult. Monitoring populations through image sampling has made data collection cheaper, wide-reaching and less intrusive but created a need to process and analyse this data efficiently. Counting animals from such data is challenging, particularly when densely packed in noisy images. Attempting this manually is slow and expensive, while traditional computer vision methods are limited in their generalisability. Deep learning is the state-of-the-art method for many computer vision tasks, but it has yet to be properly explored to count animals. To this end, we employ deep learning, with a density-based regression approach, to count fish in low-resolution sonar images. We introduce a large dataset of sonar videos, deployed to record wild mullet schools (Mugil liza), with a subset of 500 labelled images. We utilise abundant unlabelled data in a self-supervised task to improve the supervised counting task. For the first time in this context, by introducing uncertainty quantification, we improve model training and provide an accompanying measure of prediction uncertainty for more informed biological decision-making. Finally, we demonstrate the generalisability of our proposed counting framework through testing it on a recent benchmark dataset of high-resolution annotated underwater images from varying habitats (DeepFish). From experiments on both contrasting datasets, we demonstrate our network outperforms the few other deep learning models implemented for solving this task. By providing an open-source framework along with training data, our study puts forth an efficient deep learning template for crowd counting aquatic animals thereby contributing effective methods to assess natural populations from the ever-increasing visual data.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, submitted to indexed journal
Practice Abstracts BRANCHES PROJECT H2020 - PA19
Creators: name: Agnieszka Pyzel (WMODR)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biomethane, pig manure, organic fertilizer

description: Biogal – The green biogas plant in Boleszyn
description: BRANCHES will produce and share more than 50 case studies, considered Best Practices. The selected case studies will be summarized in Practice Abstracts (PAs), documents tailored for practitioners, shared through the project media and collected on this webpage. The numbering of the PAs only refers to chronological order of uploading. Enjoy your reading!
Lepus castroviejoi Palacios 1977
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Lagomorpha
Leporidae
Lepus
Lepus castroviejoi

description: Lepus castroviejoi Palacios, 1977. Donana, Acta Vertebr., 1976, 3(2):205 -223. TYPE LOCALITY: Spain, Leon Prov., San Emiliano, Puerto Ventana. DISTRIBUTION: Between Sierra de Ancares and Sierra de Pena Labra (N. Spain). COMMENT: Probably a subspecies of europaeus (JECF).
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Lagomorpha, pp. 595-604 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 599, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353003
The SLUGGS Survey: Wide Field Imaging of the Globular Cluster System of NGC 4278
Creators: name: Usher, Christopher
name: Forbes, Duncan A.
name: Spitler, Lee R.
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Strader, Jay
name: Woodley, Kristin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use multi-pointing HST ACS and wide field Subaru Suprime-Cam imaging to study the globular cluster system of the L* elliptical galaxy NGC 4278. We have also obtained a handful of new globular cluster spectra with Keck/DEIMOS. We determine the globular cluster surface density profile and use it to calculate the total number of globular clusters, finding the system to be slightly more populous than average for galaxies of its luminosity. We find clear evidence for bimodality in the globular cluster colour distribution and for a colour-magnitude relation in the blue subpopulation (a 'blue tilt'). We also find negative radial colour gradients in both colour subpopulations of equal strength which are similar in strength to those reported in other galaxies. The sizes of NGC 4278's globular clusters decrease with redder colours and increase with galactocentric radius. The ratio of the sizes of blue to red globular clusters is independent of galactocentric radius demonstrating that internal effects are responsible for the size difference with colour.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. For more information about the SLUGGS Survey please see http://sluggs.swin.edu.au/
Vertical Farming: A Futuristic Approach for Crop Production
Creators: name: Banik, Rahul
name: Aakash Sunaratiya
name: Barsha Mansingh
name: Bag, Subrata
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Creation of concrete forests rather than the green forests by the people, climate change, expansion of urban areas, increasing the area of dryland, decreasing in the fresh water supply and population growth results in diminishing the per capita land availability frequently. FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) reveals that per capita available land is forecasted to decrease by 2050 to one third of the amount available in 1970. World population is estimated to be 9 billion by 2050 this leads to growing the demand of food products while the area under cultivation is static one. Now a days greater than 50% of the people are living in urban areas and 80% of the available land is used across the globe. Overuse of natural nonrenewable resources results in diminishing the environmental balance. Ecosystem is altered and soil degradation is going on due to overuse of chemical fertilizers and other chemical substances. All the above-mentioned problems have a bit solution named vertical farming. An innovative approach is vertical farming in which hydroponics (providing nutrient solutions to the crop root zones without soil system), aeroponics and cuttingedge greenhouse methods are used. These technologies are used with vertical farming as because the transportation of soil from ground to high building is very much hectic as well as expensive. Normally according to climatic condition of a particular area the crop is chosen for cultivation but in case of vertical farming it is not necessary as vertical farming associated with the controlled environmental condition and provide better quality of yield/ produce though out the year irrespective of season.
Experimental determination of the propulsion matrix of the body of helical Magnetospirillum magneticum cells
Creators: name: Yu, Liu
name: Nagard, Lucas Le
name: Barkley, Solomon
name: Smith, Lauren
name: Fradin, Cecile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Helical-shaped magnetotactic bacteria provide a rare opportunity to precisely measure both the translational and rotational friction coefficients of micron-sized chiral particles. The possibility to align these cells with a uniform magnetic field allows to clearly separate diffusion along and perpendicular to their longitudinal axis. Meanwhile, their corkscrew shape allows detecting rotations around their longitudinal axis, after which orientation correlation analysis can be used to retrieve rotational diffusion coefficients in the two principal directions. Using light microscopy, we measured the four principal friction coefficients of deflagellated Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 cells, and compared our results to that expected for cylinders of comparable size. We show that for rotational motions, the overall dimensions of the cell body are what matters most, while the exact body shape influences translational motions. To obtain a full characterization of the friction matrix of these elongated chiral particles, we also quantified the coupling between the rotation around and translation along the longitudinal axis of the cell. Our results suggest that for this bacterial species cell body rotation could significantly contribute to cellular propulsion.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
The volume of positive braid links
Creators: name: Baader, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Based on recent work by Futer, Kalfagianni and Purcell, we prove that the volume of sufficiently complicated positive braid links is proportional to the signature defect $Δσ=2g-σ$.
description: 4 pages
Non-Kähler Calabi-Yau manifolds
Creators: name: Tosatti, Valentino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q25, 53C55, 32W20, 32Q20, 32G05

description: We study the class of compact complex manifolds whose first Chern class vanishes in the Bott-Chern cohomology. This class includes all manifolds with torsion canonical bundle, but it is strictly larger. After making some elementary remarks, we show that a manifold in Fujiki's class C with vanishing first Bott-Chern class has torsion canonical bundle. We also give some examples of non-Kahler Calabi-Yau manifolds, and discuss the problem of defining and constructing canonical metrics on them.
description: 18 pages; corrected small typos; final version to appear in Contemp. Math
Lepus flavigularis Wagner 1844
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Lagomorpha
Leporidae
Lepus
Lepus flavigularis

description: Lepus flavigularis Wagner, 1844. In Schreber, Die Saugethiere..., Suppl. 4: 106. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Oaxaca, probably near Tehuantepec City. DISTRIBUTION: Coastal plains and bordering foothills on south end of Isthmus of Tehuantepec (Oaxaca, Mexico), along Pacific coast to Chiapas (Mexico). COMMENT: Closely related to callotis; see Anderson and Gaunt, 1962, Am. Mus. Novit., 2088:1- 16; also see Hall, 1981:330. ISIS NUMBER: 5301409002002010001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Lagomorpha, pp. 595-604 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 599, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353003
description: {"references": ["Anderson, S., and A. S. Gaunt. 1962. A classification of white-sided jack rabbits of Mexico. American Museum Novitates, 2088: 1 - 16.", "Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90."]}
title: Saga Om K. Oloff Tryggwaszon i Norrege; 1691
title: Hwilken hafwer warit den berömligste och loftigste Konungh i Norlanden/ och därsammestädes Christendomen först och lyckeligst utwidgat Sammanskreswen på gammal Swenska eller Gothiska = Historia Olai Tryggwæ Filii In Norrigia
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Oddr Snorrason
name: Reenhielm, Jacob Isthmén
name: Ulrika Eleonora Schweden, Königin
name: Christine Schweden, Königin
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Text schwed. u. lat.
Explaining a Series of Models by Propagating Shapley Values
Creators: name: Chen, Hugh
name: Lundberg, Scott M.
name: Lee, Su-In
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Local feature attribution methods are increasingly used to explain complex machine learning models. However, current methods are limited because they are extremely expensive to compute or are not capable of explaining a distributed series of models where each model is owned by a separate institution. The latter is particularly important because it often arises in finance where explanations are mandated. Here, we present DeepSHAP, a tractable method to propagate local feature attributions through complex series of models based on a connection to the Shapley value. We evaluate DeepSHAP across biological, health, and financial datasets to show that it provides equally salient explanations an order of magnitude faster than existing model-agnostic attribution techniques and demonstrate its use in an important distributed series of models setting.
Practice Abstracts BRANCHES PROJECT H2020 - PA20
Creators: name: Jyrki Raitila (VTT)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Drying, solar energy, bio-mass

description: Biomass hybrid dryer
description: BRANCHES will produce and share more than 50 case studies, considered Best Practices. The selected case studies will be summarized in Practice Abstracts (PAs), documents tailored for practitioners, shared through the project media and collected on this webpage. The numbering of the PAs only refers to chronological order of uploading. Enjoy your reading!
Lepus habessinicus Hemprich and Ehrenberg 1832
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Lagomorpha
Leporidae
Lepus
Lepus habessinicus

description: Lepus habessinicus Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1832. Symb. Phys. Mamm., p. 2. TYPE LOCALITY: Ethiopia, E. coast, near Arkiko. DISTRIBUTION: Ethiopia; Somalia. COMMENT: Probably subspecies of capensis (JECF). Reviewed by Petter, 1963, Mammalia, 27:238-255. ISIS NUMBER: 5301409002002012001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Lagomorpha, pp. 595-604 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 599, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353003
Observational distinction between black holes and naked singularities: the role of the redshift function
Creators: name: Ortiz, Néstor
name: Sarbach, Olivier
name: Zannias, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest that the redshift of photons traveling from past to future null infinity through a collapsing object could provide an observational signature capable of differentiating between the formation of a globally naked singularity and the formation of an event horizon. Supporting evidence for this idea is drawn from the analysis of photons with zero angular momentum through the center of a collapsing spherical dust cloud. We show that the frequency shift as a function of proper time with respect to stationary observers has distinct features depending on whether the object collapses to a black hole or a naked singularity.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Journal reference, expanded discussion, typos corrected, updated references
A QUBO formulation for top-$τ$ eigencentrality nodes
Creators: name: Akrobotu, Prosper D.
name: James, Tamsin E.
name: Negre, Christian F. A.
name: Mniszewski, Susan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The efficient calculation of the centrality or "hierarchy" of nodes in a network has gained great relevance in recent years due to the generation of large amounts of data. The eigenvector centrality (aka eigencentrality) is quickly becoming a good metric for centrality due to both its simplicity and fidelity. In this work we lay the foundations for solving the eigencentrality problem of ranking the importance of the nodes of a network with scores from the eigenvector of the network, using quantum computational paradigms such as quantum annealing and gate-based quantum computing. The problem is reformulated as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) that can be solved on both quantum architectures. The results focus on correctly identifying a given number of the most important nodes in numerous networks given by the sparse vector solution of our QUBO formulation of the problem of identifying the top-$τ$ highest eigencentrality nodes in a network on both the D-Wave and IBM quantum computers
description: 20 pages, 35 figures
Mixing Time Guarantees for Unadjusted Hamiltonian Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Bou-Rabee, Nawaf
name: Eberle, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60J05, 65C05, 65P10

description: We provide quantitative upper bounds on the total variation mixing time of the Markov chain corresponding to the unadjusted Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (uHMC) algorithm. For two general classes of models and fixed time discretization step size $h$, the mixing time is shown to depend only logarithmically on the dimension. Moreover, we provide quantitative upper bounds on the total variation distance between the invariant measure of the uHMC chain and the true target measure. As a consequence, we show that an $\varepsilon$-accurate approximation of the target distribution $μ$ in total variation distance can be achieved by uHMC for a broad class of models with $O\left(d^{3/4}\varepsilon^{-1/2}\log (d/\varepsilon )\right)$ gradient evaluations, and for mean field models with weak interactions with $O\left(d^{1/2}\varepsilon^{-1/2}\log (d/\varepsilon )\right)$ gradient evaluations. The proofs are based on the construction of successful couplings for uHMC that realize the upper bounds.
description: 43 pages
Metastable spiking networks in the replica-mean-field limit
Creators: name: Yu, Luyan
name: Taillefumier, Thibaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing metastable neural dynamics in finite-size spiking networks remains a daunting challenge. We propose to address this challenge in the recently introduced replica-mean-field (RMF) limit. In this limit, networks are made of infinitely many replicas of the finite network of interest, but with randomized interactions across replicas. Such randomization renders certain excitatory networks fully tractable at the cost of neglecting activity correlations, but with explicit dependence on the finite size of the neural constituents. However, metastable dynamics typically unfold in networks with mixed inhibition and excitation. Here, we extend the RMF computational framework to point-process-based neural network models with exponential stochastic intensities, allowing for mixed excitation and inhibition. Within this setting, we show that metastable finite-size networks admit multistable RMF limits, which are fully characterized by stationary firing rates. Technically, these stationary rates are determined as the solutions of a set of delayed differential equations under certain regularity conditions that any physical solutions shall satisfy. We solve this original problem by combining the resolvent formalism and singular-perturbation theory. Importantly, we find that these rates specify probabilistic pseudo-equilibria which accurately capture the neural variability observed in the original finite-size network. We also discuss the emergence of metastability as a stochastic bifurcation, which can be interpreted as a static phase transition in the RMF limits. In turn, we expect to leverage the static picture of RMF limits to infer purely dynamical features of metastable finite-size networks, such as the transition rates between pseudo-equilibria.
description: 40 pages, 14 figures
Star Clusters in M31. V. Evidence for Self-Enrichment in Old M31 Clusters from Integrated Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Schiavon, Ricardo P.
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Graves, Genevieve J.
name: Strader, Jay
name: MacArthur, Lauren A.
name: Courteau, Stephane
name: Harding, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past decade, the notion that globular clusters (GCs) are composed of coeval stars with homogeneous initial chemical compositions has been challenged by growing evidence that they host an intricate stellar population mix, likely indicative of a complex history of star formation and chemical enrichment. Several models have been proposed to explain the existence of multiple stellar populations in GCs, but no single model provides a fully satisfactory match to existing data. Correlations between chemistry and global parameters such as cluster mass or luminosity are fundamental clues to the physics of GC formation. In this Letter, we present an analysis of the mean abundances of Fe, Mg, C, N, and Ca for 72 old GCs from the Andromeda galaxy. We show for the first time that there is a correlation between the masses of GCs and the mean stellar abundances of nitrogen, spanning almost two decades in mass. This result sheds new light on the formation of GCs, providing important constraints on their internal chemical evolution and mass loss history.
description: To appear in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Sur L'intensite de champ magnetique terrestre dans le passe historique et geologique
Creators: name: Jarboe, Nicholas
Publisher: name: EarthRef Digital Archive
Year: 2021

description: Archeo or paleomagnetical studies are devoted generally to the direction of the ancient (magnetic) field ; the present paper deals with the intensity of this field. Successive phases of the method which the authors have developed since 1937 for this purpose are exposed, followed by a general perspective of its results. The paper can be divided in two parts, each one including three chapters. In the first part, after a brief summing up of the basic facts, the few tentatives which have been put into action in order to find the intensity of the ancient field are examined. Then the method proper to the authors and which consists in comparing thermoremanent magnetizations artificially given to a sample, with the one that the same sample presented in nature when it had been found, are described. Systematic series of trials are necessary in order to be able to eliminate, one by one, the numerous defects which prevent of making a safe use of the method in its simplest form. Some results are incidently brought out regarding the last past centuries.
Lepus insularis Bryant 1891
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Lagomorpha
Leporidae
Lepus
Lepus insularis

description: Lepus insularis Bryant, 1891. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sei., ser. 2, 3:92. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Baja California del Sur, Gulf of California, Espiritu Santo Isl. DISTRIBUTION: Espiritu Santo Isl., off coast of Baja California (Mexico). COMMENT: Melanic form, related to californicus; see Hall, 1981:328. ISIS NUMBER: 5301409002002013001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Lagomorpha, pp. 595-604 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 599, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353003
description: {"references": ["Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90."]}
On the Mass Ratio Distribution of Black Hole Mergers in Triple Systems
Creators: name: Martinez, Miguel A. S.
name: Rodriguez, Carl L.
name: Fragione, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations have shown that the majority of massive stars, progenitors of black holes (BHs), have on average more than one stellar companion. In triple systems, wide inner binaries can be driven to a merger by the third body due to long-term secular interactions, most notably by the eccentric Lidov-Kozai effect. In this study, we explore the properties of BH mergers in triple systems and compare their population properties to those of binaries produced in isolation and assembled in dense star clusters. Using the same stellar physics and identical assumptions for the initial populations of binaries and triples, we show that stellar triples yield a significantly flatter mass ratio distribution from $q=1$ down to $q\sim0.3$ than either binary stars or dense stellar clusters, similar to the population properties inferred from the most recent catalog of gravitational-wave events, though we do not claim that all the observed events can be accounted for with triples. While hierarchical mergers in clusters can also produce asymmetric mass ratios, the unique spins of such mergers can be used to distinguished them from those produced from stellar triples. All three channels occupy distinct regions in total mass-mass ratio space, which may allow them to be disentangled as more BH mergers are detected by LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJL. Comments welcome
Sagan Af Illuga Grydar Föstra Eller Illuge Grydar Fostres Historia; 1695
Creators: name: Olofsson, Gudmund
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Tryckt i Vysala, Åhr 1695
Production of CO3+ through the Strong-Field Ionization and Coulomb Explosion of Formic Acid Dimer
Creators: name: Sutton, Shaun F.
name: Miller, Dane M.
name: Quiroz, Lenin M.
name: Sen, Ananya
name: Tarakeshwar, Pilarisetty
name: Sayres, Scott G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Femtosecond laser pulses are utilized to drive multiple ionization in gas-phase formic acid dimers and ions are studied using time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The interaction of formic acid dimer with 200 fs linearly polarized laser pulses of 400 nm with intensi-ties up to 3.7x1015 W/cm2 produces a carbon monoxide trication. Experimental measurements of the kinetic energy release of the ions are consistent with our molecular dynamics simulations of the Coulomb explosion of a formic acid dimer and suggest that no movement occurs during ionization. KER values were recorded as high as 44 eV for CO3+. Potential energy curves for COn+, for n < 4, have been calculated using CCSD(T) and confirm the existence of metastable states with a large potential barrier with respect to dissociation. This combined experimental and theoretical effort shows the existence of sufficiently long-lived CO3+.
description: main text: 6 pages, 4 figures, SI: 10 pages 2 figures
Recent Progress in III-V based ferromagnetic semiconductors: Band structure, Fermi level, and tunneling transport
Creators: name: Tanaka, Masaaki
name: Ohya, Shinobu
name: Hai, Pham Nam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-based electronics or spintronics is an emerging field, in which we try to utilize spin degrees of freedom as well as charge transport in materials and devices. While metal-based spin-devices, such as magnetic-field sensors and magnetoresistive random access memory using giant magnetoresistance and tunneling magnetoresistance, are already put to practical use, semiconductor-based spintronics has greater potential for expansion because of good compatibility with existing semiconductor technology. Many semiconductor-based spintronics devices with useful functionalities have been proposed and explored so far. To realize those devices and functionalities, we definitely need appropriate materials which have both the properties of semiconductors and ferromagnets. Ferromagnetic semiconductors (FMS), which are alloy semiconductors containing magnetic atoms such as Mn and Fe, are one of the most promising classes of materials for this purpose, and thus have been intensively studied for the past two decades. Here, we review the recent progress in the studies of the most prototypical III-V based FMS, p-type (GaMn)As, and its heterostructures with focus on tunneling transport, Fermi level, and bandstructure. Furthermore, we cover the properties of a new n-type FMS, (InFe)As, which shows electron-induced ferromagnetism. These FMS materials having zinc-blende crystal structure show excellent compatibility with well-developed III-V heterostructures and devices.
description: Accepted in Applied Physics Reviews
Practice Abstracts BRANCHES PROJECT H2020 - PA21
Creators: name: Shalaja Weber (DBFZ), Laura Garcia (DBFZ)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biobased thermoplastics, meadow grass

description: Grass factory – from meadow grass to in-novative materials
description: BRANCHES will produce and share more than 50 case studies, considered Best Practices. The selected case studies will be summarized in Practice Abstracts (PAs), documents tailored for practitioners, shared through the project media and collected on this webpage. The numbering of the PAs only refers to chronological order of uploading. Enjoy your reading!
Dynamic Length Scales in Glass-Forming Liquids: A Inhomogeneous Molecular Dynamics Simulation Approach
Creators: name: Kim, Kang
name: Saito, Shinji
name: Miyazaki, Kunimasa
name: Biroli, Giulio
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we numerically investigate a new method for the characterization of growing length scales associated with spatially heterogeneous dynamics of glass-forming liquids. This approach, motivated by the formulation of the inhomogeneous mode-coupling theory (IMCT) [Biroli G. et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2006 97, 195701], utilizes inhomogeneous molecular dynamics simulations in which the system is perturbed by a spatially modulated external potential. We show that the response of the two-point correlation function to the external field allows one to probe dynamic correlations. We examine the critical properties shown by this function, in particular the associated dynamic correlation length, that is found to be comparable to the one extracted from standardly-employed four-point correlation functions. Our numerical results are in qualitative agreement with IMCT predictions but suggest that one has to take into account fluctuations not included in this mean-field approach in order to reach quantitative agreement. Advantages of our approach over the more conventional one based on four-point correlation functions are discussed.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Chem. B
Lepus mandshuricus Radde 1861
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Lagomorpha
Leporidae
Lepus
Lepus mandshuricus

description: Lepus mandshuricus Radde, 1861. Melanges Biol. Acad. St. Petersb., 3:684. TYPE LOCALITY: U.S. S. R., S. Khabarovskii Krai, Bureja Mtns. DISTRIBUTION: N.E. China; N. Korea; Ussuri region (U.S. S.R.). COMMENT: Distinct from brachyurus; see Angermann, 1966, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 42(2):321-335. Placed in Caprolagus brachyurus by Gromov and Baranova, 1981:63.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Lagomorpha, pp. 595-604 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 600, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353003
description: {"references": ["Angermann, R. 1966. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Lepus (Lagomorpha, Leporidae). I. Abgrenzung der Gattung Lepus. II. Der taxonomische Status von Lepus brachyurus Temminck und Lepus mandshuricus Radde. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologische Museum in Berlin, 42: 127 - 335.", "Gromov, I. M., and G. I. Baranova (eds.). 1981. Katalog mlekopitayushchikh SSSR [Catalog of mammals of the USSR]. Nauka, Leningrad, 456 pp. (in Russian)."]}
Automated Estimation of Total Lung Volume using Chest Radiographs and Deep Learning
Creators: name: Sogancioglu, Ecem
name: Murphy, Keelin
name: Scholten, Ernst Th.
name: Boulogne, Luuk H.
name: Prokop, Mathias
name: van Ginneken, Bram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Total lung volume is an important quantitative biomarker and is used for the assessment of restrictive lung diseases. In this study, we investigate the performance of several deep-learning approaches for automated measurement of total lung volume from chest radiographs. 7621 posteroanterior and lateral view chest radiographs (CXR) were collected from patients with chest CT available. Similarly, 928 CXR studies were chosen from patients with pulmonary function test (PFT) results. The reference total lung volume was calculated from lung segmentation on CT or PFT data, respectively. This dataset was used to train deep-learning architectures to predict total lung volume from chest radiographs. The experiments were constructed in a step-wise fashion with increasing complexity to demonstrate the effect of training with CT-derived labels only and the sources of error. The optimal models were tested on 291 CXR studies with reference lung volume obtained from PFT. The optimal deep-learning regression model showed an MAE of 408 ml and a MAPE of 8.1\% and Pearson's r = 0.92 using both frontal and lateral chest radiographs as input. CT-derived labels were useful for pre-training but the optimal performance was obtained by fine-tuning the network with PFT-derived labels. We demonstrate, for the first time, that state-of-the-art deep learning solutions can accurately measure total lung volume from plain chest radiographs. The proposed model can be used to obtain total lung volume from routinely acquired chest radiographs at no additional cost and could be a useful tool to identify trends over time in patients referred regularly for chest x-rays.
description: Under review
Why is the Conclusion of the GERDA Experiment not Justified ?
Creators: name: Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, Hans Volker
name: Krivosheina, Irina V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first results of the GERDA double beta experiment in Gran Sasso were recently presented. They are fully consistent with the Heidelberg-Moscow experiment, but because of its low statistics cannot proof anything at this moment. It is no surprise that the statistics is still far from being able to test the signal claimed by the HEIDELBERG-MOSCOW experiment. The energy resolution of the coaxial detectors is a factor of 1.5 worse than in the HEIDELBERG-MOSCOW experiment. The original goal of background reduction to 10^{-2}counts/kgykeV, or by an order of magnitude compared to the HEIDELBERG-MOSCOW experiment, has not been reached. The background is only a factor 2.3 lower if we refer it to the experimental line width, i.e. in units counts/kgy energy resolution. With pulse shape analysis (PSA) the background in the HEIDELBERG-MOSCOW experiment around Q_{ββ} is 4x10^{-3} counts/kgykeV \cite{HVKK-IVK-MPhLA2006}, which is a factor of 4 (5 referring to the line width) lower than that of GERDA with pulse shape analysis. The amount of enriched material used in the GERDA measurement is 14.6kg, only a factor of 1.34 larger than that used in the HM experiment. The background model is oversimplified and not yet adequate. It is not shown that the lines of their background can be identified. GERDA has to continue the measurement further ~5years, until they can responsibly present an understood background. The present half life limit presented by GERDA of T_{1/2}^{0ν} > 2.1 x 10^{25} y (90% confidence level, i.e. 1.6sigma)) is still lower than the half-life of T_{1/2}^{0ν} = 2.23^{{+0.44}_{-0.31}} x 10^{25} y \cite{HVKK-IVK-MPhLA2006} determined in the HEIDELBERG-MOSCOW experiment.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX; typo in abstract, change of text format, list of references, acknowledgements added
Discovery of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems using a Runge-Kutta Inspired Dictionary-based Sparse Regression Approach
Creators: name: Goyal, Pawan
name: Benner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discovering dynamical models to describe underlying dynamical behavior is essential to draw decisive conclusions and engineering studies, e.g., optimizing a process. Experimental data availability notwithstanding has increased significantly, but interpretable and explainable models in science and engineering yet remain incomprehensible. In this work, we blend machine learning and dictionary-based learning with numerical analysis tools to discover governing differential equations from noisy and sparsely-sampled measurement data. We utilize the fact that given a dictionary containing huge candidate nonlinear functions, dynamical models can often be described by a few appropriately chosen candidates. As a result, we obtain interpretable and parsimonious models which are prone to generalize better beyond the sampling regime. Additionally, we integrate a numerical integration framework with dictionary learning that yields differential equations without requiring or approximating derivative information at any stage. Hence, it is utterly effective in corrupted and sparsely-sampled data. We discuss its extension to governing equations, containing rational nonlinearities that typically appear in biological networks. Moreover, we generalized the method to governing equations that are subject to parameter variations and externally controlled inputs. We demonstrate the efficiency of the method to discover a number of diverse differential equations using noisy measurements, including a model describing neural dynamics, chaotic Lorenz model, Michaelis-Menten Kinetics, and a parameterized Hopf normal form.
Optical Conductivity Measurement of a Dimer-Mott to Charge-Order Phase Transition in a Two-Dimensional Quarter-Filled Organic Salt Compound
Creators: name: Okazaki, Ryuji
name: Ikemoto, Yuka
name: Moriwaki, Taro
name: Shikama, Takahisa
name: Takahashi, Kazuyuki
name: Mori, Hatsumi
name: Nakaya, Hideki
name: Sasaki, Takahiko
name: Yasui, Yukio
name: Terasaki, Ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a novel insulator-insulator transition arising from the internal charge degrees of freedom in the two-dimensional quarter-filled organic salt beta-(meso-DMBEDT-TTF)2PF6. The optical conductivity spectra above Tc = 70 K display a prominent feature of the dimer-Mott insulator, characterized by a substantial growth of a dimer peak near 0.6 eV with decreasing temperature. The dimer-peak growth is rapidly quenched as soon as a peak of the charge order shows up below Tc, indicating a competition between the two insulating phases. Our infrared imaging spectroscopy has further revealed a spatially competitive electronic phases far below Tc, suggesting a nature of quantum phase transition driven by material-parameter variations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, supplemental material, to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Safe reopening of university campuses is possible with COVID-19 vaccination
Creators: name: Junge, Matthew
name: Li, Sheng
name: Samaranayake, Samitha
name: Zalesak, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an agent-based SEIR model to simulate COVID-19 spread at a 16000-student mostly non-residential urban university during the Fall 2021 Semester. We find that mRNA vaccine coverage above 80% makes it possible to safely reopen to in-person instruction. If vaccine coverage is 100%, then our model indicates that facemask use is not necessary. Our simulations with vaccine coverage below 70% exhibit a right-skew for total infections over the semester, which suggests that high levels of infection are not exceedingly rare with campus social connections the main transmission route. Less effective vaccines or incidence of new variants may require additional intervention such as screening testing to reopen safely.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Disentangling Strong Dynamics through Quantum Interferometry
Creators: name: Murayama, Hitoshi
name: Rentala, Vikram
name: Shu, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new probe of strongly coupled electroweak symmetry breaking at the 14 TeV LHC by measuring a phase shift in the event distribution as a function of the decay azimuthal angles in massive gauge boson scattering. A large phase shift arises from an interference effect between the strongly interacting longitudinal modes and the transverse modes of the gauge bosons. We find that even very broad resonances of masses up to 900 GeV can be probed at 3$σ$ significance with a 3000 fb$^{-1}$ run of the LHC by using this technique. We also present the estimated reach for a future 50 TeV proton-proton collider.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Revised introduction and more details added to discussion of results; results are unchanged. Version accepted by PRD