cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Guide to the gadiform fishes of the eastern North Pacific : cods, grenadiers, hakes, morids, codlings
Creators: name: Hoff, Gerald Raymond, 1962-
name: Stevenson, Duane E., 1970-
name: Orr, James W.
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fishes--North Pacific Ocean--Identification--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
subject: Gadiformes--North Pacific Ocean--Identification--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
subject: Gadiformes--North Pacific Ocean--Geographical distibution--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

description: Encompassing the species commonly known as cods, the order Gadiformes comprises nine families of about 555 species around the world. In the eastern North Pacific, five families are represented: the true cods (Gadidae), grenadiers (Macrouridae), codlings (Moridae), hakes (Merlucciidae), and arrowtails (Melanonidae). Members of this order are among the most familiar fishes of the North Pacific and they support some of the largest fisheries in the world. Although worldwide a few gadiforms are occasionally found in freshwater, with the exception of a single freshwater species, the burbot (Lota lota), all species in the eastern North Pacific are exclusively marine. They occupy a broad range of habitats from shallow arctic waters to some of the deepest waters of the North Pacific.This guide describes the gadiforms found in the marine waters of the eastern North Pacific and Arctic oceans adjacent to North America from the Alaska arctic to the U.S.-Mexico border, as well as the burbot, the only gadiform species found in freshwater. This guide treats members of the order in the region, including both common and rarely observed species. Although other species of North Pacific fishes have traditionally been referred to as 'cods,' they are not true cods (Gadiformes). These include widely known species such as the black cod or sablefish of the family Anoplopomatidae, the lingcod of the family Hexagrammidae, and the rockcods (rockfishes) of the family Scorpaenidae. These species are not gadiforms and are not included in this guide. This guide is designed to be used by researchers, students, and industry professionals to help identify these abundant, common, and commercially important species. The keys to families and individual species lead to species accounts that include a photograph, distribution map, size range, depth range, brief life history information, and comparisons with similar species
Operational Assessment of 20 Northeast Groundfish Stocks, Updated Through 2014
Creators: name: Northeast Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Publisher: name: Northeast Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Groundfish fisheries--Research--North Atlantic Ocean.
subject: Fish stock assessment--North Atlantic Ocean.

description: Assessments for all 20 groundfish stocks (Table 1) in the New England Fishery Management Councils (NEFMC) Multispecies Groundfish Fisheries Management Plan were updated and reviewed during September 14-18, 2015 at the Northeast Fisheries Science Center (NEFSC), Woods Hole, MA. This represents the fourth comprehensive assessment of the status of all the groundfish stocks since 2001. The first three comprehensive assessments were produced through the Groundfish Assessment Review Meeting (GARM) process (NEFSC 2002, 2005, 2008). Thirteen of the groundfish stocks were updated through the Operational Assessment process (NEFSC 2012). Operational assessments, first described by the Northeast Regional Coordinating Council (NRCC) in 2011, rely on decisions of previous benchmarks for model formulation and definition of biological reference points (BRPs). The terms of reference for the operational assessments are provided in Section 22.1. The efficiency of the Operational Assessment process increases the frequency of assessments, but reduces the ability to modify model structure either in response to new data or external inputs. Major modifications of the assessment models are restricted to benchmark assessments that can incorporate a much greater range of information but for far fewer stocks. In this context, the scope of admissible changes in the assessment was summarized in a letter from the NRCC (22.2). Of particular note, newly available research resulted in modifications of discard mortality rates applied in several assessments.
ENSURING FOOD SAFETY IS THE NEED OF THE HOUR
Creators: name: Eshmuratov, Marat
name: Sabirova, Diana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article is about ensuring food safety, solving food safety problems and solutions. By safe food, we usually mean high-quality, environmentally friendly food, without genetically modified organisms (GMOs), such as pesticides. We mean products without harmful elements related to food.
Fission-fragment mass distributions from strongly damped shape evolution
Creators: name: Randrup, J.
name: Moller, P.
name: Sierk, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Random walks on five-dimensional potential-energy surfaces were recently found to yield fission-fragment mass distributions that are in remarkable agreement with experimental data. Within the framework of the Smoluchowski equation of motion, which is appropriate for highly dissipative evolutions, we discuss the physical justification for that treatment and investigate the sensitivity of the resulting mass yields to a variety of model ingredients, including in particular the dimensionality and discretization of the shape space and the structure of the dissipation tensor. The mass yields are found to be relatively robust, suggesting that the simple random walk presents a useful calculational tool. Quantitatively refined results can be obtained by including physically plausible forms of the dissipation, which amounts to simulating the Brownian shape motion in an anisotropic medium.
description: 14 pages, 11 ps figures
Hybrid ququart-encoded quantum cryptography protected by Kochen-Specker contextuality
Creators: name: Cabello, Adan
name: D'Ambrosio, Vincenzo
name: Nagali, Eleonora
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum cryptographic protocols based on complementarity are nonsecure against attacks in which complementarity is imitated with classical resources. The Kochen-Specker (KS) theorem provides protection against these attacks, without requiring entanglement or spatially separated composite systems. We analyze the maximum tolerated noise to guarantee the security of a KS-protected cryptographic scheme against these attacks, and describe a photonic realization of this scheme using hybrid ququarts defined by the polarization and orbital angular momentum of single photons.
description: REVTeX4-1, 5 pages, 2 figures
Decay of Axisymmetric Solutions of the Wave Equation on Extreme Kerr Backgrounds
Creators: name: Aretakis, Stefanos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Cauchy problem for the wave equation on extreme Kerr backgrounds under axisymmetry. Specifically, we consider regular axisymmetric initial data prescribed on a Cauchy hypersurface S which connects the future event horizon with spacelike or null infinity, and we solve the linear wave equation on the domain of dependence of S. We show that the spacetime integral of an energy-type density is bounded by the initial conserved flux corresponding to the stationary Killing field T, and we derive boundedness of the non-degenerate energy flux corresponding to a globally timelike vector field N. Finally, we prove uniform pointwise boundedness and power-law decay for solutions to the wave equation. Our estimates hold up to and including the event horizon. We remark that these results do not yield decay for the derivatives transversal to the horizon, and this is suggestive that these derivatives may satisfy instability properties analogous to those shown in our previous work on extreme Reissner-Nordstrom backgrounds.
description: 47 pages, 17 figures
title: Endangered Species Act (ESA) Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion Crowley Fuels Dock Expansion and Upgrade (POA-2018-00199)
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Alaska Regional Office
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Alaska Regional Office
Year: 2020

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; AKRO-2020-00125
Field-theory calculation of the electric dipole moment of the neutron and paramagnetic atoms
Creators: name: Blundell, S. A.
name: Griffith, J.
name: Sapirstein, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electric dipole moments (edms) of bound states that arise from the constituents having edms are studied with field-theoretic techniques. The systems treated are the neutron and a set of paramagnetic atoms. In the latter case it is well known that the atomic edm differs greatly from the electron edm when the internal electric fields of the atom are taken into account. In the nonrelativistic limit these fields lead to a complete suppression, but for heavy atoms large enhancement factors are present. A general bound-state field theory approach applicable to both the neutron and paramagnetic atoms is set up. It is applied first to the neutron, treating the quarks as moving freely in a confining spherical well. It is shown that the effect of internal electric fields is small in this case. The atomic problem is then revisited using field-theory techniques in place of the usual Hamiltonian methods, and the atomic enhancement factor is shown to be consistent with previous calculations. Possible application of bound-state techniques to other sources of the neutron edm is discussed.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
The Stony Brook Assembly on Porch of the Old Hallock Homestead
Creators: name: Unknown
name: Melville, Ward
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1907
Subjects: Stony Brook
Main Street
History
Porches
Hallock Family
Camp meetings
Religious dwellings
Religious facilities
Religious retreats
Evangelists
Stony Brook Assembly

description: This image shows the Stony Brook Assembly on the porch of the Old Hallock Homestead, later known as the Three Village Inn. For many years, the Stony Brook Assembly, an evangelical organization, operated a camp and a religious retreat in the building, after purchasing the building in 1907. A date is estimated based on the attire of those pictured and the ownership history. The building is now known as the Three Village Inn.
description: something
Impacts of dark energy on weighing neutrinos after DESI BAO
Creators: name: Du, Guo-Hong
name: Wu, Peng-Ju
name: Li, Tian-Nuo
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, DESI has released baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) data, and DES has also published its five-year supernova (SN) data. These observations, combined with cosmic microwave background (CMB) data, support a dynamically evolving dark energy at a high confidence level. When using cosmological observations to weigh neutrinos, the results of weighing neutrinos will be significantly affected by the measurement of dark energy due to the degeneracy between neutrino mass and the dark-energy equation of state. Therefore, we need to understand how the dynamical evolution of dark energy in the current situation will affect the measurement of neutrino mass. In this work, we utilize these latest observations and other additional distance measurements to discuss the mutual influence between neutrinos and dark energy, then calculate the Bayes factor to compare models. We consider three neutrino mass hierarchies including degenerate hierarchy (DH), normal hierarchy (NH), and inverted hierarchy (IH), as well as three dark energy models including $Λ\rm CDM$, $w\rm CDM$, and $w_0w_a \rm CDM$ models. Cosmological data combined with the prior of particle physics experiments can provide strong to decisive evidence favoring the $w_0w_a {\rm CDM}+\sum m_ν$ model with NH. In the $w_0w_a \rm CDM$ model, using the CMB+DESI+DESY5 data, we obtain constraints on the total neutrino mass, $\sum m_ν<0.171\ \rm eV,\ 0.204\ \rm eV,\ 0.220\ \rm eV$, for DH, NH, and IH, respectively. Furthermore, taking into account the neutrino hierarchy or incorporating additional distance measurements results in a more pronounced deviation from the $Λ$CDM model for dark energy. The latter, particularly, exhibits a deviation at a confidence level that surpasses $4σ$.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Lsst Observing Strategy
Creators: name: Ivezić, Željko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Astronomy
LSST
Optical Surveys

description: The science of the LSST will, in part, be driven by how it observes the sky (the footprint and cadence of the survey). I provide a brief overview of the ongoing community and Project work on LSST observing strategy, and pointers for how to join this effort.
description: NSF Pavilion talk presented at the American Astronomical Society meeting 227.
Postinfectious Bronchiolitis Obliterans (PIBO) Among Children in Malaysia: A Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Chiang, LUI Sze
name: CHE DAUD Che Zubaidah
name: MOHAMMAD N.Fafwati Faridatul Akmar
name: KAMAL Maria
name: MUSA Azizah
name: SHARIBUDIN Nor Khailawati
name: Hafizah, ZAINUDDIN
name: Farizah, MOHD HAIRI
name: GAN Eu Ann
name: KAILASAM Pavithira Devi
name: NG Eunice Chin Nien
name: GAN Cheng Guang
name: GANAPATHI Rasheila
name: ABU OSMAN Mohd Shahrulfahmi
name: Hasliza, A RAZAK
name: ABD RAHIM Siti Aishah
name: NG Wen Ying
name: KASSIM Asiah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans
PIBO
lower respiratory tract infection
children less than 5 years old
pediatrics

description: Introduction:  Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is an irreversible obstructive lung disease following lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in children, especially during the first three years of life. It is estimated that 1% of LRTI in children will develop into PIBO; however, the local data are scarce. Aim:  To describe the characteristics of the children less than 5 years old diagnosed with PIBO from the year 2015-2019 (5 years period). Methodology:  Retrospective study involved ten hospitals under MOH visited by a Respiratory Paediatrician. Children less than 5 years old diagnosed with PIBO between 1st January 2015 and 31st December 2019. Results:  Sixty children were included with male predominance (60.0%), and majority were Malay (83.4%). The median age at diagnosis was 15.0 months (IQ range 10.25-25.5 months) ranging between 2.0 and 80.0 months. Seventeen (28.3%) of the children were born prematurely (<37 completed weeks), and 10(16.7%) children required ventilation during the neonatal period. One-third of the patients had a family history of atopy, and half of the children had a history of exposure to tobacco smoke. Recurrent infections reported in about 8.5% of children. Viruses were predominant pathogen in LRTI i.e. Adenovirus (58.3%), RSV (34.0%), Influenza virus (8.5%) and Para influenza virus (8.5%). Discussion/Conclusion:  It is important to recognize PIBO as one of the complications of LRTI in young children, especially following respiratory virus infection. Prematurity and exposure to tobacco smoke may increase the risk of LRTI in children, which leads to complication like PIBO.
 Disclaimer: Abstract text might vary slightly from what is displayed in the e-poster.
description: This poster was submitted to the 14th National Conference for Clinical Research (NCCR) in August 18-20, 2021. https://nccrconference.com.my/
Generalised Heine-Stieltjes and Van Vleck polynomials associated with degenerate, integrable BCS models
Creators: name: Marquette, Ian
name: Links, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Bethe Ansatz/Ordinary Differential Equation (BA/ODE) correspondence for Bethe Ansatz equations that belong to a certain class of coupled, nonlinear, algebraic equations. Through this approach we numerically obtain the generalised Heine-Stieltjes and Van Vleck polynomials in the degenerate, two-level limit for four cases of exactly solvable Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) pairing models. These are the s-wave pairing model, the p+ip-wave pairing model, the p+ip pairing model coupled to a bosonic molecular pair degree of freedom, and a newly introduced extended d+id-wave pairing model with additional interactions. The zeros of the generalised Heine-Stieltjes polynomials provide solutions of the corresponding Bethe Ansatz equations. We compare the roots of the ground states with curves obtained from the solution of a singular integral equation approximation, which allows for a characterisation of ground-state phases in these systems. Our techniques also permit for the computation of the roots of the excited states. These results illustrate how the BA/ODE correspondence can be used to provide new numerical methods to study a variety of integrable systems.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Technique for high axial shielding factor performance of large-scale, thin, open-ended, cylindrical Metglas magnetic shields
Creators: name: Malkowski, S.
name: Adhikari, R.
name: Hona, B.
name: Mattie, C.
name: Woods, D.
name: Yan, H.
name: Plaster, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metglas 2705M is a low-cost commercially-available, high-permeability Cobalt-based magnetic alloy, provided as a 5.08-cm wide and 20.3-$μ$m thick ribbon foil. We present an optimized construction technique for single-shell, large-scale (human-size), thin, open-ended cylindrical Metglas magnetic shields. The measured DC axial and transverse magnetic shielding factors of our 0.61-m diameter and 1.83-m long shields in the Earth's magnetic field were 267 and 1500, for material thicknesses of only 122 $μ$m (i.e., 6 foil layers). The axial shielding performance of our single-shell Metglas magnetic shields, obtained without the use of magnetic shaking techniques, is comparable to the performance of significantly thicker, multiple-shell, open-ended Metglas magnetic shields in comparable-magnitude, low-frequency applied external fields reported previously in the literature.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Modelling Gesture Based Ubiquitous Applications
Creators: name: Zacharia, Kurien
name: Elias, Eldo P.
name: Varghese, Surekha Mariam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2; I.3.7
subject: 68U20, 68U05

description: A cost effective, gesture based modelling technique called Virtual Interactive Prototyping (VIP) is described in this paper. Prototyping is implemented by projecting a virtual model of the equipment to be prototyped. Users can interact with the virtual model like the original working equipment. For capturing and tracking the user interactions with the model image and sound processing techniques are used. VIP is a flexible and interactive prototyping method that has much application in ubiquitous computing environments. Different commercial as well as socio-economic applications and extension to interactive advertising of VIP are also discussed.
description: 10 pages; The International Journal of Multimedia & Its Applications (IJMA) Vol.3, No.4, November 2011
Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Town Hall
Creators: name: Willman, Beth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: LSST
Astronomy
Optical Surveys

description: This presentation describes the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope goals, the data products, the current status of construction and how to become involved.
description: Presented at the LSST Town Hall held as part of the 227th meeting of the American Astronomical Society.
Laser-induced radial birefringence and spin-to-orbital optical angular momentum conversion in silver-doped glasses
Creators: name: Amjad, Jafar Mostafavi
name: Khalesifard, Hamid Reza
name: Slussarenko, Sergei
name: Karimi, Ebrahim
name: Marrucci, Lorenzo
name: Santamato, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Samples of Ag$^+$/Na$^{+}$ ion-exchanged glass that have been subject to intense laser irradiation may develop novel optical properties, as a consequence of the formation of patterns of silver nanoparticles and other structures. Here, we report the observation of a laser-induced permanent transverse birefringence, with the optical axis forming a radial pattern, as revealed by the spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion occurring in a probe light beam. The birefringence pattern can be modeled well as resulting from thermally-induced stresses arising in the silver-doped glass during laser exposure, although the actual mechanism leading to the permanent anisotropy is probably more complex.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
The Lsst Science Collaborations
Creators: name: Walkowicz, Lucianne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: LSST
Astronomy
Optical Surveys

description: This presentation describes the LSST Science Collaborations and how to become involved.
description: Presented at the LSST Town Hall held as part of the 227th meeting of the American Astronomical Society.
The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope Corporation: Preparing For Big Data
Creators: name: Eliason, Pat
name: Osmer, Pat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: LSST
Astronomy
Optical Surveys

description: The LSST Corporation is a not-for-profit 501(c)3Arizona corporation created to initiate the LSST project in order to advance the science of astronomy and physics. This presentation describes the role and objectives of LSSTC and how the science collaborations can be supported.
description: Presented at the LSST Town Hall held as part of the 227th meeting of the American Astronomical Society.
The Universal Initial Mass Function In The XUV Disk of M83
Creators: name: Koda, Jin
name: Yagi, Masafumi
name: Boissier, Samuel
name: de Paz, Armando Gil
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Meyer, Jennifer Donovan
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Thilker, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report deep Subaru Halpha observations of the XUV disk of M83. These new observations enable the first complete census of very young stellar clusters over the entire XUV disk. Combining Subaru and GALEX data with a stellar population synthesis model, we find that (1) the standard, but stochastically-sampled, initial mass function (IMF) is preferred over the truncated IMF, because there are low mass stellar clusters (10^{2-3}Msun) that host massive O-type stars; that (2) the standard Salpeter IMF and a simple aging effect explain the counts of FUV-bright and Halpha-bright clusters with masses >10^3Msun; and that (3) the Halpha to FUV flux ratio over the XUV disk supports the standard IMF. The Subaru Prime Focus Camera (Suprime-Cam) covers a large area even outside the XUV disk -- far beyond the detection limit of the HI gas. This enables us to statistically separate the stellar clusters in the disk from background contamination. The new data, model, and previous spectroscopic studies provide overall consistent results with respect to the internal dust extinction (Av~0.1 mag) and low metallicity (~0.2Zsun) using the dust extinction curve of SMC.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Free field realization of the exceptional current superalgebra $\hat{D(2,1;\a)}_k$
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Yang, Wen-Li
name: Ding, Xiang-Mao
name: Feng, Jun
name: Ke, San-Min
name: Wu, Ke
name: Zhang, Yao-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The free-field representations of the $D(2,1;\a)$ current superalgebra and the corresponding energy-momentum tensor are constructed. The related screening currents of the first kind are also presented.
description: Latex file, 10 pages
A diameter--bandwidth product limitation of isolated-object cloaking
Creators: name: Hashemi, Hila
name: Qiu, Cheng Wei
name: McCauley, Alexander P.
name: Joannopoulos, J. D.
name: Johnson, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that cloaking of isolated objects is subject to a diameter-bandwidth product limitation: as the size of the object increases, the bandwidth of good (small cross-section) cloaking decreases inversely with the diameter, as a consequence of causality constraints even for perfect fabrication and materials with negligible absorption. This generalizes a previous result that perfect cloaking of isolated objects over a nonzero bandwidth violates causality. Furthermore, we demonstrate broader causality-based scaling limitations on any bandwidth-averaged cloaking cross-section, using complex analysis and the optical theorem to transform the frequency-averaged problem into a single scattering problem with transformed materials.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Compactified String Theories -- Generic Predictions for Particle Physics
Creators: name: Acharya, Bobby Samir
name: Kane, Gordon
name: Kumar, Piyush
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years it has been realized that in string/$M$ theories compactified to four dimensions which satisfy cosmological constraints, it is possible to make some generic predictions for particle physics and dark matter: a non-thermal cosmological history before primordial nucleosynthesis, a scale of supersymmetry breaking which is "high" as in gravity mediation, scalar superpartners too heavy to be produced at the LHC (although gluino production is expected in many cases), and a significant fraction of dark matter in the form of axions. When the matter and gauge spectrum below the compactification scale is that of the MSSM, a robust prediction of about 125 GeV for the Higgs boson mass, predictions for various aspects of dark matter physics, as well as predictions for future precision measurements, can be made. As a prototypical example, $M$ theory compactified on a manifold of $G_2$ holonomy leads to a good candidate for our "string vacuum", with the TeV scale emerging from the Planck scale, a de Sitter vacuum, robust electroweak symmetry breaking, and solutions of the weak and strong CP problems. In this article we review how these and other results were derived, from the key theoretical ideas to the final phenomenological predictions.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure. Invited Review for International Journal of Modern Physics A
REMIX SPH -- improving mixing in smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations using a generalised, material-independent approach
Creators: name: Sandnes, Thomas D.
name: Eke, Vincent R.
name: Kegerreis, Jacob A.
name: Massey, Richard J.
name: Ruiz-Bonilla, Sergio
name: Schaller, Matthieu
name: Teodoro, Luis F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present REMIX, a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) scheme designed to alleviate effects that typically suppress mixing and instability growth at density discontinuities in SPH simulations. We approach this problem by directly targeting sources of kernel smoothing error and discretisation error, resulting in a generalised, material-independent formulation that improves the treatment both of discontinuities within a single material, for example in an ideal gas, and of interfaces between dissimilar materials. This approach also leads to improvements in capturing wider hydrodynamic behaviour unrelated to mixing. We demonstrate marked improvements in three-dimensional test scenarios, focusing on cases with particles of equal mass across the simulation. This choice is particularly relevant for use cases in astrophysics and engineering -- specifically those in which particles are free to evolve over a large range of density scales -- where bespoke choices of unequal particle masses in the initial conditions cannot easily be used to address emergent and evolving density discontinuities. We achieve these improvements while maintaining sharp discontinuities; without introducing additional equation of state dependence in, for example, particle volume elements; and without contrived or targeted corrections. Our methods build upon a fully compressible and thermodynamically consistent core-SPH construction, retaining Galilean invariance as well as conservation of mass, momentum, and energy. REMIX is integrated in the open-source, state-of-the-art SWIFT code and is designed with computational efficiency also in mind, meaning that its improved hydrodynamic treatment can be used for high-resolution simulations without prohibitive cost to run-speed.
description: 55 pages, 36 figures, published in Journal of Computational Physics
Stability and Instability of Extreme Reissner-Nordström Black Hole Spacetimes for Linear Scalar Perturbations I
Creators: name: Aretakis, Stefanos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the problem of stability and instability of extreme Reissner-Nordstrom spacetimes for linear scalar perturbations. Specifically, we consider solutions to the linear wave equation on a suitable globally hyperbolic subset of such a spacetime, arising from regular initial data prescribed on a Cauchy hypersurface crossing the future event horizon. We obtain boundedness, decay and non-decay results. Our estimates hold up to and including the horizon. The fundamental new aspect of this problem is the degeneracy of the redshift on the event horizon. Several new analytical features of degenerate horizons are also presented.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures; published version of results contained in the first part of arXiv:1006.0283, various new results added
The effect of language of ethnic identity in Canada
Creators: name: Pigott, Brooke Shapley
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2003

description: Bibliography: p. 56-60
description: Language is known to have an effect on ethnic identity in that language retention of a mother tongue or home language acts as a stronger connector to the ethnic community for such persons as compared to those who do not retain the language. This analysis uses data from a specially designed survey of Canadian university students carried out in 2000-2001. It looks at the effects of language on the emergence of a Canadian identity. The results show that respondents with higher levels of linguistic assimilation tend to exhibit lower levels of ethnic-connectedness and are therefore more likely to identify themselves as Canadian, compared to others who are less assimilated in terms of language. This research will assist the current debate on the need for new census questions regarding identity and the importance of retaining the ethnic ancestry question and the language questions on Canada's national census.
Fractional Spin Josephson Effect and Electrically Controlled Magnetization in Quantum Spin Hall Edges
Creators: name: Meng, Qinglei
name: Shivamoggi, Vasudha
name: Hughes, Taylor L.
name: Gilbert, Matthew J.
name: Vishveshwara, Smitha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a spin Josephson effect in a system of two ferromagnets coupled by a tunnel junction formed of 2D time-reversal invariant topological insulators. In analogy with the more commonly studied instance of the Josephson effect for charge in superconductors, we investigate properties of the phase-coherent {\it spin} current resulting from the misalignment of the in-plane magnetization angles of the two ferromagnets. We show that the topological insulating barrier offers the exciting prospect of hosting a {\it fractional} spin Josephson effect mediated by bound states at the ferromagnet-topological insulator interface. We provide multiple perspectives to understand the $4π$ periodic nature of this effect. We discuss several measurable consequences, such as, the generation of a transverse voltage signal which allows for purely electrical measurements, an inverse of this effect where an applied voltage gives rise to a transverse spin-current, and a fractional AC spin-Josephson effect.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures (v2:fixed typo, added reference)
Tunable second harmornic in altermagnetic Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Sun, Hai-Peng
name: Zhang, Song-Bo
name: Li, Chang-An
name: Trauzettel, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of external electric and Zeeman fields on the Josephson effect in a planar superconductor/altermagnet/superconductor junction. Remarkably, we find that the current-phase relation (CPR) can be forward or backward skewed due to a pronounced second harmonic term. It decisively depends on the altermagnetic field strength. This second harmonic can be measured directly using double SQUID devices. The CPR skewness can be effectively manipulated by electric gating. Moreover, we identify two additional impacts of external electric and magnetic fields on the Josephson current: (i) Fields can induce 0-$π$ transitions. (ii) Fields can substantially enhance the critical current. This enhancement is surprising since supercurrents are typically suppressed by magnetic fields.
description: 8 pages
Scalar field description of a parametric model of dark energy
Creators: name: Barboza, E. M.
name: Alcaniz, J. S.
name: Santos, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretical and observational aspects of a time-dependent parameterization for the dark energy equation of state (EoS) $w(z)$, which is a well behaved function of the redshift $z$ over the entire cosmological evolution, i.e., $z \in [-1,\infty)$. By using a theoretical algorithm of constructing the quintessence potential directly from the effective EoS parameter, we derive and discuss the general features of the resulting potential for this $w(z)$ function. Since the parameterization here discussed allows us to divide the parametric plane in defined regions associated to distinct classes of dark energy models, we use the most recent observations from type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillation peak and Cosmic Microwave Background shift parameter to check which class is observationally prefered. We show that the largest portion of the confidence contours lies into the region corresponding to a possible crossing of the so-called phanton divide line at some point of the cosmic evolution.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX
Coastal groundwater systems: mapping chloride distribution from borehole and geophysical data
Küstennahe Grundwassersysteme: Kartierung der Chloridverteilung aus Bohrdaten und Geophysik
Creators: name: Rahman, Mohammad Azizur
name: Zhao, Qian
name: Wiederhold, Helga
name: Skibbe, Nico
name: González, Eva
name: Deus, Nico
name: Siemon, Bernhard
name: Kirsch, Reinhard
name: Elbracht, Jörg
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chloride distribution
subject: Coastal aquifer
subject: Formation factor
subject: Groundwater electrical conductivity
subject: Helicopter-borne electromagnetics
subject: Hubschrauber-Elektromagnetik
subject: Küstenaquifer
subject: Chloridverteilung
subject: Elektrische Leitfähigkeit des Grundwassers
subject: Formationsfaktor
subject: 690

description: Information on chloride (Cl) distribution in aquifers is essential for planning and management of coastal zone groundwater resources as well as for simulation and validation of density-driven groundwater models. We developed a method to derive chloride concentrations from borehole information and helicopter-borne electromagnetic (HEM) data for the coastal aquifer in the Elbe-Weser region where observed chloride and electrical conductivity data reveal that the horizontal distribution of salinity is not uniform and does not correlate with the coastline. The integrated approach uses HEM resistivity data, borehole petrography information, grain size analysis of borehole samples as well as observed chloride and electrical conductivity to estimate Cl distribution. The approch is not straightforward due to the complex nature of the geology where clay and silt are present. Possible errors and uncertainties involved at different steps of the method are discussed.
description: Informationen zur Chloridverteilung im Grundwasserleiter sind für Planung und Management von Grundwasserressourcen in Küstengebieten sowie für die Simulation und Validierung von dichtegesteuerten Grundwassermodellen von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Es wurde eine Methode zur Ableitung der Chloridkonzentration aus Bohrungen und hubschrauber-elektromagnetischen Daten (HEM) entwickelt und für den Küstengrundwasserleiter des Elbe-Weser-Dreiecks eingesetzt. Die dort beobachteten Chloriddaten und elektrischen Leitfähigkeitsdaten zeigen eine ungleichmäßige horizontale Verteilung des Salzgehalts, die nicht mit der Küstenlinie korreliert. Der integrierte Ansatz verwendet HEM-Daten des spezifischen elektrischen Widerstands, Bohrloch-Petrographie-Informationen, Korngrößenanalysen von Bohrlochproben sowie beobachtete Chlorid- und elektrische Leitfähigkeitswerte, um die Chlorid-Verteilung abzuschätzen. Mögliche Fehler und Unsicherheiten bei den verschiedenen Schritten des Verfahrens werden diskutiert.
Polarization pattern of vector vortex beams generated by $q$-plates with different topological charges
Creators: name: Cardano, Filippo
name: Karimi, Ebrahim
name: Slussarenko, Sergei
name: Marrucci, Lorenzo
name: de Lisio, Corrado
name: Santamato, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the polarization topology of the vector beams emerging from a patterned birefringent liquid crystal plate with a topological charge $q$ at its center ($q$-plate). The polarization topological structures for different $q$-plates and different input polarization states have been studied experimentally by measuring the Stokes parameters point-by-point in the beam transverse plane. Furthermore, we used a tuned $q=1/2$-plate to generate cylindrical vector beams with radial or azimuthal polarizations, with the possibility of switching dynamically between these two cases by simply changing the linear polarization of the input beam.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Journal of Applied Optics
Asymptomatic COVID-19 Presentation in Children: Should We Screen?
Creators: name: Xuan, Kuan Pei
name: Khoo, Denisa
name: Karisha Sivam
name: Naim, Nurul Ain
name: Ong Li Teng
name: See Kwee Ching
name: Peariasamy, Kalaiarasu M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
Asymptomatic
Screening
Presentation
Children

description: Introduction Children infected with SARS-CoV-2 are usually asymptomatic but potentially infective. Transmission of the virus within school settings can impact the level of community transmission through onward spread from children to adults. More data is needed to understand the clinical manifestations and role of children in transmitting this disease. Methodology We describe the clinical presentations, laboratory findings, including serial saliva samplings and outcomes of a group of five children who were managed at a designated COVID-19 centre in Malaysia. Results We have included five children with ages ranging from 5 to 8 years (3 males, 2 females) who were asymptomatic at admission into our study. Four had positive contact with a COVID-19 family member whilst one had positive travelling abroad history. Laboratory findings confirmed all were tested positive for Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) from the nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) taken. We collected serial saliva samplings for disease monitoring and found out that two out of five children had positive RT-PCR detected (cyclic threshold, Ct. value ranging from 26.05 to 35.92). Despite these, all of them were asymptomatic throughout the whole duration of hospitalisation and discharged home after being admitted for 6 to 11 days. Conclusion The recent spike in the number of school clusters calls into question the effectiveness of the current intervention measures in school settings. Schools can benefit from using the child-friendly approach of randomised sequential testing saliva specimens to screen for asymptomatic COVID-19 presentation in children. [Disclaimer: Abstract text might vary slightly from what is displayed in the e-poster]
description: This poster was submitted to the 14th National Conference for Clinical Research (NCCR) in August 18-20, 2021. https://nccrconference.com.my/
The Dynamics of Rayleigh-Taylor Stable and Unstable Contact Discontinuities with Anisotropic Thermal Conduction
Creators: name: Lecoanet, Daniel
name: Parrish, Ian J.
name: Quataert, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of anisotropic thermal conduction along magnetic field lines on an accelerated contact discontinuity in a weakly collisional plasma. We first perform a linear stability analysis similar to that used to derive the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) dispersion relation. We find that anisotropic conduction is only important for compressible modes, as incompressible modes are isothermal. Modes grow faster in the presence of anisotropic conduction, but growth rates do not change by more than a factor of order unity. We next run fully non-linear numerical simulations of a contact discontinuity with anisotropic conduction. The non-linear evolution can be thought of as a superposition of three physical effects: temperature diffusion due to vertical conduction, the RTI, and the heat flux driven buoyancy instability (HBI). In simulations with RTI-stable contact discontinuities, the temperature discontinuity spreads due to vertical heat conduction. This occurs even for initially horizontal magnetic fields due to the initial vertical velocity perturbation and numerical mixing across the interface. The HBI slows this temperature diffusion by reorienting initially vertical magnetic field lines to a more horizontal geometry. In simulations with RTI-unstable contact discontinuities, the dynamics are initially governed by temperature diffusion, but the RTI becomes increasingly important at late times. We discuss the possible application of these results to supernova remnants, solar prominences, and cold fronts in galaxy clusters.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Characteristics of Inpatient Falls and Fall Related Injury
Creators: name: LIM, Bee Chiu
name: MAHMUD, Fatihah
name: Bunyamin ABDULLAH
name: HISHAM, Muhammad Hazrul BADRUL
name: NALALINGAM, Shanti
name: NOR, Fariz Safhan MOHAMAD
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Characteristics
Illness
Fall
Inpatient
Injury

description: Introduction To identify characteristics of inpatient falls and associated factors with injury outcome within a hospital setting. Method A cross-sectional study of falls occurring within inpatient settings was conducted. Data from the incident reporting team and medical records were collected for inpatient fall between 1st January 2017 and 31st December 2019, at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA). Pearson Chi-square or Fisher Exact test were performed to assess relationships between categorical variables. Results We analysed 44 fall incidents. Males fell most frequently (n = 24, 54.5%). Falls from the bedside were the most common (n = 23, 52.3%) and during the night shift from 9 pm until 7 am, (n = 18, 40.9%). The fall rate was 0.3 falls per 1000 patient-days among the hospitalised patients. Overall, the patients who fell experienced a minor injury (n = 23, 52.3%). The highest fall rate was noted in the surgical based departments (i.e., general surgery, neurosurgery, and orthopaedics) which is 0.71 falls per 1000 patient-days. Elderly patients (age 51 years and above) were more likely to sustain minor to major injury compared to other age groups (n = 16, 80.0%, P-value = 0.008). The associations between gender, time of fall, mental status, the department involved and injury severity are not statistically significant. Conclusion This study provides a comprehensive review of the characteristics of fall events and injury outcome in HTAA over three years. Risk assessment and management plans should focus on education, particularly surrounding bed safety. [Disclaimer: Abstract text might vary slightly from what is displayed in the e-poster]
description: This poster was submitted to the 14th National Conference for Clinical Research (NCCR) in August 18-20, 2021. https://nccrconference.com.my/
A study of X-ray flares - II. RS CVn type Binaries
Creators: name: Pandey, J. C.
name: Singh, K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of seven flares detected from five RS CVn-type binaries (UZ Lib, σGem, λAnd, V711 Tau and EI Eri) observed with XMM-Newton observatory. The quiescent state X-ray luminosities in the energy band of 0.3-10.0 keV of these stars were found to be 10^{30.7-30.9} erg/s. The exponential decay time in all the sample of flares range from ~ 1 to 8 hrs. The luminosity at peak of the flares in the energy band of 0.3-10.0 keV were found to be in the range of 10^{30.8} - 10^{31.8} erg/s. The great sensitivity of the XMM-EPIC instruments allowed us to perform time resolved spectral analysis during the flares and also in the subsquent quiescent phases. The derived metal abundances of coronal plasma were found to vary during the flares observed from σGem, V771 Tau and EI Eri. In these flares elemental abundances found to be enhanced by factors of ~ 1.3-1.5 to the quiescent states. In most of the flares, the peak temperature was found to be more than 100 MK whereas emission measure increased by factors of 1.5 - 5.5. Significant sustained heating was present in the majority of flares. The loop lengths (L) derived for flaring structure were found to be of the order of 10^{10 -11} cm and are smaller than the stellar radii (R*) i.e. L/R* \lesssim 1. The flare from σGem showed a high and variable absorption column density during the flare.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS