Scotaena trifasciata * Klug 1810
Creators: name: Carnimeo, Fernando Henrique
name: Noll, Fernando Barbosa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tiphiidae
Scotaena
Scotaena trifasciata

description: Scotaena trifasciata Klug
(Figs 13–16, 90, 96, 99)
Scotaena trifasciata Klug, 1810: 40. Holotype, BRAZIL: Bahia, date unknown (Hoffmannsegg) 1♂ (MfN).
Thynnus trifasciatus. Klug, 1840: 32–33. Smith, 1859: 49.
Scotaena trifasciata. Dalla-Torre, 1897: 117. Turner, 1908a: 253. Turner, 1910a: 19. Kimsey, 1992: 134. Kimsey, 2004a: 511. Carnimeo et al, 2017: 255.
Male redescription. Structure: A longitudinal line between the anterior ocelli and the supra-antennal plates; clypeus central notch with depth of about 1/4 of clypeus length; wings hyaline, ferruginous on the anterior margins, stigma and on the apex of the forewing, covering the marginal cell and the submarginal II and III. The region between the first and second cubital cell slightly ferruginous; mesepisternal lamellae short and subquadrate, with mesepisternal suture feebly raised at the apex; first metasomal tergite length as long as its breadth; epipygium rugose, with deep punctures and transverse striae sculptured towards the apex, converging subapically.
Coloration. Body dark brown variegated with yellow markings. Two small and diffuse spots on the supraantennal plates apex. The apical half of the clypeus, except the margins. The mandibles, except for the apex and margins. The anterior pronotal margin, reaching the laterals. Small spots on the mesopleuron anteriorly. The tegulae and a spot on the middle of the mesoscutum. A transverse fascia on the middle of the scutellum and two diffuse spots on the antero-lateral margins. The central region of the metanotum and its antero-lateral margins. A pair of rounded spots on the propodeal dorsal surface. The inner surface of the femora. transverse fasciae subapically on the tergites I–III.
Female: Unknown.
Distribution. The habitat of this species is still unknown, since the locality presented for the holotype is not precise.
Discussion. There are four specimens listed as Scotaena trifasciata on MfN collection, but only one of them (the holotype) has the correct identification, the other three are actually S. pubescens. The species description presented by Klug (1810) relies almost exclusively on color features, for this reason a redescription is provided. Due to the age of the specimen some parts are missing, like the mouthparts, the antennae and the tip of the hypopygium, which is broken. Thus, in order to try to preserve the only S. trifasciata specimen available, the genital capsule was not extracted for further description. The species was described as Scotaena, but Klug himself (1840) later referred to it as Thynnus trifasciatus. This designation was followed only by Smith (1859), while other authors continued to use Scotaena trifasciata.
description: Published as part of Carnimeo, Fernando Henrique & Noll, Fernando Barbosa, 2018, On the dumping ground genus Scotaena Klug, 1810 (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Thynninae): Phylogeny, taxonomy and geographic distribution, pp. 451-490 in Zootaxa 4399 (4) on pages 458-459, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4399.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1206764