cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Synthetic Polarization Maps of an Outflow Zone from Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
Creators: name: Bino, Gianfranco
name: Basu, Shantanu
name: Machida, Masahiro N
name: Tritsis, Aris
name: Sharkawi, Mahmoud
name: Kadam, Kundan
name: Das, Indrani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The canonical theory of star formation in a magnetized environment predicts the formation of hourglass-shaped magnetic fields during the prestellar collapse phase. In protostellar cores, recent observations reveal complex and strongly distorted magnetic fields in the inner regions that are sculpted by rotation and outflows. We conduct resistive, nonideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of a protostellar core and employ the radiative transfer code POLARIS to produce synthetic polarization segment maps. Comparison of our mock-polarization maps based on the toroidal-dominated magnetic field in the outflow zone with the observed polarization vectors of SiO lines in Orion Source I shows a reasonable agreement when the magnetic axis is tilted at an angle $θ= 15^{\circ}$ with respect to the plane-of-sky and if the SiO lines have a net polarization parallel to the local magnetic field. Although the observed polarization is from SiO lines and our synthetic maps are due to polarized dust emission, a comparison is useful and allows us to resolve the ambiguity of whether the line polarization is parallel or perpendicular to the local magnetic field direction.
(780) Jabez Butterworth
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A new species of genus Gangesia, Woodland (1924) from the freshwater catfish Clarius batrachus
Creators: name: Shaikh, Ishrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Zoology not elsewhere classified

description: The present communication deals with a new species of the genus Gangesia (Gangesia) batrachusi n.sp. The present species differs from all other known species of the genus in having scolex almost quadrangular; rosteller hooks in two circles (disturbed) nail like; neck present; number of testes 105 to 115(109) in a single field; ovary large, distinctly bilobed; vagina thin, posterior to cirrus pouch; genital pores irregularly alternate ;vitallaria follicular.
(782) Dora Pullan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Modelling Information from Gene drive for population genetic control: non-functional resistance and parental effects.
Creators: name: Beaghton, Andrea K.
name: Hammond, Andrew
name: Nolan, Tony
name: Crisanti, Andrea
name: Burt, Austin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Description of population genetics model
Planetary Collisions outside the Solar System: Time Domain Characterization of Extreme Debris Disks
Creators: name: Meng, Huan Y. A.
name: Su, Kate Y. L.
name: Rieke, George H.
name: Rujopakarn, Wiphu
name: Myers, Gordon
name: Cook, Michael
name: Erdelyi, Emery
name: Maloney, Chris
name: McMath, James
name: Persha, Gerald
name: Poshyachinda, Saran
name: Reichart, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Luminous debris disks of warm dust in the terrestrial planet zones around solar-like stars are recently found to vary, indicative of ongoing large-scale collisions of rocky objects. We use Spitzer 3.6 and 4.5 μm time-series observations in 2012 and 2013 (extended to 2014 in one case) to monitor 5 more debris disks with unusually high fractional luminosities ("extreme debris disk"), including P1121 in the open cluster M47 (80 Myr), HD 15407A in the AB Dor moving group (80 Myr), HD 23514 in the Pleiades (120 Myr), HD 145263 in the Upper Sco Association (10 Myr), and the field star BD+20 307 (>1 Gyr). Together with the published results for ID8 in NGC 2547 (35 Myr), this makes the first systematic time-domain investigation of planetary impacts outside the solar system. Significant variations with timescales shorter than a year are detected in five out of the six extreme debris disks we have monitored. However, different systems show diverse sets of characteristics in the time domain, including long-term decay or growth, disk temperature variations, and possible periodicity.
description: 50 pages, 14 figures, 9 tables; Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Basis for time crystal phenomena in ultra-cold atoms bouncing on an oscillating mirror
Creators: name: Golletz, Weronika
name: Czarnecki, Andrzej
name: Sacha, Krzysztof
name: Kuros, Arkadiusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider classical dynamics of a 1D system of $N$ particles bouncing on an oscillating mirror in the presence of gravitational field. The particles behave like hard balls and they are resonantly driven by the mirror. We identify the manifolds the particles move on and derive the effective secular Hamiltonian for resonant motion of the particles. Proper choice of time periodic oscillations of the mirror allows for engineering of the effective behaviour of the particles. In particular, the system can behave like a $N$-dimensional fictitious particle moving in an $N$-dimensional crystalline structure. Our classical analysis constitutes a basis for quantum research of novel time crystal phenomena in ultra-cold atoms bouncing on an oscillating atom mirror.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
(783) Kate Pullan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Self-Presentation Strategies in the Platform Profiles of Successful Freelancers
Creators: name: Negrut, Mara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The digital gig economy has been experiencing substantial growth in recent years. In this competitive marketplace, knowledge workers are solely responsible for developing their personal brand and reputation, which are essential for acquiring consistent work. Effective self-presentation is critical for success, and freelancing platforms provide important opportunities for workers to creatively present themselves through their profiles. This research explored the self-presentations strategies used by successful freelancers in their profiles to convey competence and distinction to clients in order to acquire gigs. Through a qualitative analysis of 240 profiles of Top Rated freelancers on the platform Upwork, this study identified the following four self-presentation strategies: 1) highlighting work history, 2) emphasizing qualifications and credentials, 3) including overarching soft skills, and 4) creating a positive tone in the profile. We analyze the findings using genre theory based on the work of John Swales and Vijay K. Bhatia. The findings suggest that successful freelancer profiles do contain a set of similar self-presentation strategies, which include showcasing both hard skills and intangible assets, but the ways in which freelancers utilize these strategies are highly individualized.
Tables S1, S2, and S3 from Gene drive for population genetic control: non-functional resistance and parental effects
Creators: name: Beaghton, Andrea K.
name: Hammond, Andrew
name: Nolan, Tony
name: Crisanti, Andrea
name: Burt, Austin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Proportions of different types of germline cells (S1), proportions of gamete types (S2), and model parameters and baseline values (S3).
Fitting a distribution to Value-at-Risk and Expected Shortfall, with an application to covered bonds
Creators: name: Tasche, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91G40 (Primary), 91G70 (Secondary)

description: Covered bonds are a specific example of senior secured debt. If the issuer of the bonds defaults the proceeds of the assets in the cover pool are used for their debt service. If in this situation the cover pool proceeds do not suffice for the debt service, the creditors of the bonds have recourse to the issuer's assets and their claims are pari passu with the claims of the creditors of senior unsecured debt. Historically, covered bonds have been very safe investments. During their more than two hundred years of existence, investors never suffered losses due to missed payments from covered bonds. From a risk management perspective, therefore modelling covered bonds losses is mainly of interest for estimating the impact that the asset encumbrance by the cover pool has on the loss characteristics of the issuer's senior unsecured debt. We explore one-period structural modelling approaches for covered bonds and senior unsecured debt losses with one and two asset value variables respectively. Obviously, two-assets models with separate values of the cover pool and the issuer's remaining portfolio allow for more realistic modelling. However, we demonstrate that exact calibration of such models may be impossible. We also investigate a one-asset model in which the riskiness of the cover pool is reflected by a risk-based adjustment of the encumbrance ratio of the issuer's assets.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Post-Colonial Philippines’ History: A Lens into the South China Sea Conflict and U.S. Regional Interests
Creators: name: Nesteruk, Svetlana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: This thesis looks through the lens of the Philippines’ post-colonial history to better understand how and why the mainstream understanding of the South China Sea conflict is lacking necessary historical perspective. By looking at asymmetry, rebalancing, and the post-colonial history of the Philippines itself, this thesis focuses on ideas that dominate the news today, which have roots in a largely obscured U.S. history of anti-communism and colonialism. Though the SCS conflict is often framed as a new clash between political superpowers United States and China, the Philippines’ history reveals that U.S. interests in the region have been constant, evolving over time to combat its perceived challenges of communism and China’s more recent economic and military rise. Furthermore, I stress that the chief regional political organization, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), finds itself in a challenging situation. This organization has gained considerable leverage as member states work together, yet it struggles to find a consistent policy to move forward towards resolving territorial and sovereignty claims in the SCS without the U.S. or China as arbiters. The Philippines, where domestic issues overshadow foreign policy, will continue to bargain on its own terms, choosing to go it alone or negotiate through ASEAN situationally rather than siding with either superpower. It is vitally important to reflect on the U.S.’s goals in the region and recognize that the U.S. needs the Philippines as a strategic ally, and that the Philippines has options outside of its relationship with the United States. Ultimately, the Philippines’ historical perspective can reveal the legacies of U.S. colonialism in the SCS, and draw attention to U.S. goals, motivations, and challenges in the SCS conflict and in the broader Southeast Asian region.
Light-front description of infinite spin fields in six-dimensional Minkowski space
Creators: name: Buchbinder, I. L.
name: Fedoruk, S. A.
name: Isaev, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new $6D$ infinite spin field theory in the light-front formulation. The Lorentz-covariant counterparts of these fields depend on 6-vector coordinates and additional spinor variables. Casimir operators in this realization are found. We obtain infinite-spin fields in the light-cone frame which depend on two sets of the $\mathrm{SU}(2)$-harmonic variables. The generators of the $6D$ Poincaré group and the infinite spin field action in the light-front formulation are presented.
description: 1 + 19 pages, v2: typos corrected
Figure S1 from Gene drive for population genetic control: non-functional resistance and parental effects
Creators: name: Beaghton, Andrea K.
name: Hammond, Andrew
name: Nolan, Tony
name: Crisanti, Andrea
name: Burt, Austin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Dynamics of load over time vs heterozygote fitness cost or rate of resistance
Radiative losses in the chromosphere during a C-class flare
Creators: name: Yadav, Rahul
name: Rodríguez, J. de la Cruz
name: Kerr, Graham S.
name: Baso, C. J. Díaz
name: Leenaarts, Jorrit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar flares release an enormous amount of energy into the corona. A substantial fraction of this energy is transported to the lower atmosphere, which results in chromospheric heating. The mechanisms that transport energy to the lower solar atmosphere during a flare are still not fully understood. We aim to estimate the temporal evolution of the radiative losses in the chromosphere at the footpoints of a C-class flare, in order to set observational constraints on the electron beam parameters of a RADYN flare simulation. We estimated the radiative losses from hydrogen, and singly ionized Ca and Mg using semi-empirical model atmospheres. To estimate the integrated radiative losses in the chromosphere the net cooling rates were integrated between the temperature minimum and the height where the temperature reaches 10 kK. The stratification of the net cooling rate suggests that the Ca IR triplet lines are responsible for most of the radiative losses in the flaring atmosphere. During the flare peak time, the contribution from Ca II H & K and Mg II h & k lines are strong and comparable to the Ca IR triplet ($\sim$32 kW m$^{-2}$). Since our flare is a relatively weak event the chromosphere is not heated above 11 kK, which in turn yields a subdued Lyα contribution ($\sim$7 kW m$^{-2}$). The temporal evolution of total integrated radiative losses exhibits sharply-rising losses (0.4 kW m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$) and a relatively slow decay (0.23 kW~m$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$). The maximum value of total radiative losses is reached around the flare peak time, and can go up to 175 kW m$^{-2}$ for a single pixel located at footpoint. After a small parameter study, we find the best model-data consistency in terms of the amplitude of radiative losses and the overall atmospheric structure with a RADYN flare simulation in the injected energy flux of $5\times10^{10}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, abridged abstract
Figure S2 from Gene drive for population genetic control: non-functional resistance and parental effects
Creators: name: Beaghton, Andrea K.
name: Hammond, Andrew
name: Nolan, Tony
name: Crisanti, Andrea
name: Burt, Austin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Equilibrium drive allele frequency and load for parental effects on both fitness and gene transmission
Harmonic calibration of quadrature phase interferometry
Creators: name: Ferrero, Baptiste
name: Bellon, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two output signals of quadrature phase interferometers allow to benefit both from the high sensitivity of interferometry (working inside a fringe) and from an extended input range (counting fringes). Their calibration to reach a linear output is traditionally performed using Heydemann's correction, which involves fitting one output versus the other by an ellipse. Here we present two alternative methods based on the linear response of the measurement to a sinusoidal input in time, which enables a direct calibration with an excellent linearity. A ten fold improvement with respect to the usual technique is demonstrated on an optical interferometer measuring the deflection of scanning force microscopy cantilevers.
(784) Hetty Pullan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Romans on the Runway: Classical Reception in Contemporary High Fashion
Creators: name: Rhinehart, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Romans on the Runway explores how contemporary high fashion brands and designers have integrated the Classical Greek and Roman world into their collections over the last decade. This project investigates how these collections utilize not only the visual forms of ancient material culture, but also the sociological, political, and cultural meaning of classicizing dress in contemporary fashion. I explore how contemporary fashion incorporates references to the ancient past that are mediated through the lens of classical reception, especially neoclassical dress from the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. I approach this project through an art historical lens that draws heavily from fashion theory and receptions studies, while also engaging with aspects of gender, race, class, and identity. This project draws from recent scholarship in both Classics and Costume Studies and provides a new framework for exploring a topic that has not been thoroughly investigated in nearly two decades.
title: Konzept und Evaluation einer Facebook-Applikation zur crossmedialen Selbstorganisation freiwilliger Helfer
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Marc-André
name: Reuter, Christian
name: Thomas, Oliver
name: Teuteberg, F.
Publisher: name: Association for Information Systems AIS
Year: 2023

description: Das mitteleuropäische Hochwasser 2013 sorgte für große Schäden in weiten Teilen Deutschlands. Währenddessen und in der anschließenden Wiederherstellungsphase koordinierten betroffene und nicht betroffene Bürger ihre Hilfsaktivitäten nicht nur vor Ort, sondern auch in sozialen Medien wie Twitter, Facebook und mit Tools wie Google Maps. Basierend auf einer Vorstudie zu den Aktivitäten in Twitter und Facebook sowie Interviews mit „Digital Volunteers“ (hier: Gründer und Moderatoren von Facebook-Gruppen zum Hochwasser) stellt dieser Beitrag eine als Facebook-App realisierte crossmediale Applikation zur gruppen- und plattformübergreifenden Informationsbeschaffung und -Veröffentlichung vor, die der (Selbst-)Koordination ungebundener Helfer dienen soll. Diese wurde mit 20 Nutzern qualitativ evaluiert und zeigt Implikationen für die technische Unterstützung der Partizipation Freiwilliger in Katastrophenlagen auf.
Euclide avait-il besoin de l'algorithme d'Euclide pour démontrer l'unicité de la factorisation?
Creators: name: Pengelley, David
name: Richman, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11-03 (01A20 11A51)

description: French translation, by Henri Lombardi and Stefan Neuwirth, of the article "Did Euclid need the Euclidean algorithm to prove unique factorization?", American Mathematical Monthly 113 (2006), pages 196-205.
The Impact of Alternative Therapies on the Quality of Life in Pediatric Patients
Creators: name: Koontz, Taylor
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Alternative therapies are defined as a therapy that is not a traditional part of medical practice. These therapies may include acupuncture, massage therapy, and pet therapy. These therapies have the ability to greatly increase the quality of life in hospitalized pediatric patients. Previous studies focus on a single therapy and the impact that the therapy has on the patient’s condition. A Moment of Magic is an organization that provides an alternative therapy in the form of character visits to hospitalized children. This study looks at the impact of this single alternative therapy. This population has the most exposure to alternative therapies. Caregivers were given the opportunity to respond to a survey after interacting with A Moment of Magic. The responses from this survey were evaluated to see if pediatric caregivers believe that the therapy improved the child’s quality of life. 
		Key words: pediatric, therapy, alternative, quality, caregivers, complementary
Unraveling the spin reorientation process in rare earth perovskite PrFe0.1Cr0.9O3
Creators: name: Shen, Jiyu
name: Mo, Jiajun
name: Lu, Zeyi
name: Gong, Chenying
name: Wu, Zongjin
name: Gao, Kaiyang
name: Liu, Min
name: Xia, Yanfang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast spin control plays a pivotal role in condensed matter physics. In this study, we analyzed the macroscopic magnetization of the PrFe0.1Cr0.9O3 system by molecular field model fitting. And the whole process of system spin reorientation is accurately calculated in the fitting process. It is found that, unlike the rare-earth perovskites we have previously studied, PrFe0.1Cr0.9O3 exhibits spin-reversion properties during the reorientation process. This research will lay a theoretical foundation for precise spin control in the future.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2207.03220
(779) Robert Ackrill Breare
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Material from Serratia marcescens shapes cutaneous bacterial communities and influences survival of an amphibian host.
Creators: name: Madison, Joseph D.
name: Ouellette, Scot P.
name: Emme Schmidt
name: Kerby, Jacob L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology

description: This file contains supplementary methods, figures and tables, excluding tables S5-S9.
Multifractal detrended moving average analysis of global temperature records
Creators: name: Mali, Provash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multifractal structure of global monthly mean temperature anomaly time series over the period of 1850-2012 are studied in terms of the multifractal detrended moving average (MFDMA) analysis. We try to address the possible source(s) and the nature of multifractality in the time series data by comparing the results derived from the actual series with those from a set of shuffled and surrogate series. It is seen that the MFDMA method predicts a multifractal structure of the temperature anomaly records that is more or less similar to what was obtained from the multifractal detrended analysis for the same set of data. In our analysis the major contribution of multifractality in the data is found to be due to the long-range temporal correlation among the measurements, however the contribution of a fat-tail distribution function of the variables is not negligible. The existence of long-range correlation is also confirmed by the constancy of the local slopes of the fluctuation function over a sufficient scale intervals. The results of the moving average analysis are found to depend upon the location of the detrending window and tend to the observations of the multifractal detrended analysis for a specific choice of the location of the detrending window.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures and 1 table, Corrected version to be published in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment (JSTAT)
Thermal instability in radiation hydrodynamics: instability mechanisms, position-dependent S-curves, and attenuation curves
Creators: name: Proga, Daniel
name: Waters, Tim
name: Dyda, Sergei
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local thermal instability can plausibly explain the formation of multiphase gas in many different astrophysical environments, but the theory is only well understood in the optically thin limit of the equations of radiation hydrodynamics (RHD). Here we lay groundwork for transitioning from this limit to a full RHD treatment assuming a gray opacity formalism. We consider a situation where the gas becomes thermally unstable due to the hardening of the radiation field when the main radiative processes are free-free cooling and Compton heating. We identify two ways in which this can happen: (i) when the Compton temperature increases with time, through a rise in either the intensity or energy of a hard X-ray component; and (ii) when attenuation reduces the flux of the thermal component so that the Compton temperature increases with depth through the slab. Both ways likely occur in the broad line region of active galactic nuclei where columns of gas can be ionization bounded. In such instances where attenuation is significant, thermal equilibrium solution curves become position-dependent and it no longer suffices to assess the stability of an irradiated column of gas at all depths using a single equilibrium curve. We demonstrate how to analyze a new equilibrium curve -- the attenuation curve -- for this purpose, and we show that by Field's instability criterion, a negative slope along this curve indicates that constant density slabs are thermally unstable whenever the gas temperature increases with depth.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, version slightly revised and accepted to ApJ Letters
Supplementary Modelling Information from Gene drive for population genetic control: non-functional resistance and parental effects
Creators: name: Beaghton, Andrea K.
name: Hammond, Andrew
name: Nolan, Tony
name: Crisanti, Andrea
name: Burt, Austin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Description of population genetics model
Convective inhibition with an atmosphere, I: super-critical cores on sub-Neptune/super-Earths
Creators: name: Markham, Steve
name: Stevenson, Dave
name: Guillot, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we generalize the notion of convective inhibition to apply in cases where there is an infinite reservoir of condensible species (i.e., an ocean). We propose a new model for the internal structure and thermal evolution of super-Earths with hydrogen envelopes. We derive the criterion for convective inhibition in a generalizes phase mixture from first principles thermodynamics. We then investigate the global ocean case using a water-hydrogen system, for which we have data, as an example. We then extend our arguments to apply to a system of hydrogen and silicate vapor. We then employ a simple atmospheric model to apply our findings to super-Earths and to make predictions about their internal structures and thermal evolution. For hydrogen envelope masses roughly in the range between 0.1-10% Earth's mass, convective contact between the envelope and core may shut down because of the compositional gradient that arises from silicate partial vaporization. For envelope hydrogen masses that cause the associated basal pressure to exceed the critical pressure of pure silicate (of order a couple kilobars), the base of that envelope and top of the core lie on the critical line of the two-phase hydrogen-silicate phase diagram. The corresponding temperature is much higher than convective models would suggest. The core then cools inefficiently, with intrinsic heat fluxes potentially comparable to the Earth's internal heat flux today. This low heat flux may allow the core to remain in a high entropy supercritical state for billions of years, but the details of this depend on the nature of the two-component phase diagram at high pressure, something that is currently unknown. A supercritical core thermodynamically permits the dissolution of large quantities of hydrogen into the core.
description: Accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Examining the Contextual Factors of the Community Eligibility Provision in North Carolina
Creators: name: Rivers, Lauryn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: School Nutrition is a significant aspect of the student experience, evidenced by the creation of the National School Lunch Program in 1946. In 2010, Congress established the Community Eligibility Provision (CEP) under the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act. This provision allows qualifying schools and school districts to serve free school meals to all students without collecting individual meal applications. Though CEP has many benefits, not all eligible schools and school districts adopt and implement this provision. This led to the following research question: What are the economic, political, and geographical characteristics of eligible North Carolina schools that relate to their decision to participate in CEP? Results from a multilevel logistic regression indicate that schools that implement CEP are more likely to have a higher Identified Student Percentage, more democratic votes per county, and lower household incomes per county.
Rogue waves in a resonant erbium-doped fiber system with higher-order effects
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu
name: Li, Chuanzhong
name: He, Jingsong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We mainly investigate a coupled system of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the Maxwell-Bloch equations which describes the wave propagation in an erbium-doped nonlinear fiber with higher-order effects including the forth-order dispersion and quintic non-Kerr nonlinearity. We derive the one-fold Darbox transformation of this system and construct the determinant representation of the $n$-fold Darboux transformation. Then the determinant representation of the $n$th new solutions $(E^{[n]},\, p^{[n]},\, η^{[n]})$ which were generated from the known seed solutions $(E, \, p, \, η)$ is established through the $n$-fold Darboux transformation. The solutions $(E^{[n]},\, p^{[n]},\, η^{[n]})$ provide the bright and dark breather solutions of this system. Furthermore, we construct the determinant representation of the $n$th-order bright and dark rogue waves by Taylor expansions and also discuss the hybrid solutions which are the nonlinear superposition of the rogue wave and breather solutions.
description: 25 Pages Applied Mathematics and Computation 273(2016) 826-841
Stability of neutron stars in Horndeski theories with Gauss-Bonnet couplings
Creators: name: Minamitsuji, Masato
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Horndeski theories containing a scalar coupling with the Gauss-Bonnet (GB) curvature invariant $R_{\rm GB}^2$, we study the existence and linear stability of neutron star (NS) solutions on a static and spherically symmetric background. For a scalar-GB coupling of the form $αξ(ϕ) R_{\rm GB}^2$, where $ξ$ is a function of the scalar field $ϕ$, the existence of linearly stable stars with a nontrivial scalar profile without instabilities puts an upper bound on the strength of the dimensionless coupling constant $|α|$. To realize maximum masses of NSs for a linear (or dilatonic) GB coupling $α_{\rm GB}ϕR_{\rm GB}^2$ with typical nuclear equations of state, we obtain the theoretical upper limit $\sqrt{|α_{\rm GB}|}<0.7~{\rm km}$. This is tighter than those obtained by the observations of gravitational waves emitted from binaries containing NSs. We also incorporate cubic-order scalar derivative interactions, quartic derivative couplings with nonminimal couplings to a Ricci scalar besides the scalar-GB coupling and show that NS solutions with a nontrivial scalar profile satisfying all the linear stability conditions are present for certain ranges of the coupling constants. In regularized 4-dimensional Einstein-GB gravity obtained from a Kaluza-Klein reduction with an appropriate rescaling of the GB coupling constant, we find that NSs in this theory suffer from a strong coupling problem as well as Laplacian instability of even-parity perturbations. We also study NS solutions with a nontrivial scalar profile in power-law $F(R_{\rm GB}^2)$ models, and show that they are pathological in the interior of stars and plagued by ghost instability together with the asymptotic strong coupling problem in the exterior of stars.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures
Revolutionizing Race: An analysis of 1970's Cuban Race Relations
Creators: name: Carlos Alfonso
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Following the 1960's reforms, the Cuban government's stance on racism changes, claiming that racism as an issue on the island had been resolved due to the reforms. These claims could not be further from the truth and based on the recent claims of colorblindness by the Cuban government. As the island's economic situation improved, so too did the standing of many Afro-Cubans and so a decade of supposed racial equality ended with the mass migration in the Mariel boatlift. Through oral interviews and historical analysis, the reality of racism in Cuba in the 1970s becomes more apparent.
Tables S5-S9 from Serratia marcescens shapes cutaneous bacterial communities and influences survival of an amphibian host.
Creators: name: Madison, Joseph D.
name: Ouellette, Scot P.
name: Emme Schmidt
name: Kerby, Jacob L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology

description: This file contains the supplementary staistical results of tables S5 through S9.
Analysis of risk propagation using the world trade network
Creators: name: Kim, Sungyong
name: Yun, Jinhyuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An economic system is an exemplar of a complex system in which all agents interact simultaneously. Interactions between countries have generally been studied using the flow of resources across diverse trade networks, in which the degree of dependence between two countries is typically measured based on the trade volume. However, indirect influences may not be immediately apparent. Herein, we compared a direct trade network to a trade network constructed using the personalized PageRank (PPR) encompassing indirect influences. By analyzing the correlation of the gross domestic product (GDP) between countries, we discovered that the PPR trade network has greater explanatory power on the propagation of economic events than direct trade by analyzing the GDP correlation between countries. To further validate our observations, an agent-based model of the spreading economic crisis was implemented for the Russia-Ukraine war of 2022. The model also demonstrates that the PPR explains the actual impact more effectively than the direct trade network. Our research highlights the significance of indirect and long-range relationships, which have often been overlooked
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Guidelines for policy-science interface
Creators: name: Graabak, Ingeborg
name: Belsnes, Michael
name: Crespo del Granado, Pedro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This report (Open ENTRANCE deliverable 2.5) describes the science-policy interface in the H2020 project Open ENTRANCE and gives the project’s recommendations to how future energy system projects in Europe may strengthen their interaction with policy and decision makers. The science-policy interface has been defined as “social processes which encompass relations between scientists and other actors in the policy process, and which allow for exchanges, co-evolution, and joint construction of knowledge with the aim of enriching decision-making”. Policy and decision makers should in this report be understood in a broader context as politicians at both EU, national and local level together with the policy forming and policy implementing entities but also decision makers related to the energy system like Transmission System Operators (TSOs), ENTSO-E, ETSOG, ACER and national regulators, energy producers, distribution system operators (DSOs) etc. Open ENTRANCE’s interactions with policy- and decision makers have mainly taken place in six workshops in the beginning and in the final stages of the project work with themes covering: development of scenarios for decarbonisation of the energy system macro-economic analyses of the energy transition case studies of specific challenges of the energy transition. Furthermore, Open ENTRANCE was the main responsible project for the EMP-E 2020 conference, which was a meeting place for around 500 energy system modellers and policy and decision makers in Europe. Finally, the 10 newsletter and active dissemination via Twitter and LinkedIn have also been an important part of Open ENTRANCE’s policy science interface. The main recommendations for the future are: i) a strategy plan for the science-policy interface should be developed early in the project ii) energy system modelling projects should work with policy relevant cases and questions iii) ECEMP should be kept and further developed as a meeting place for policy and decision makers and energy system modellers.
Pain Treatment Disparities Among Patients with Differing, Gender, Race, and Socioeconomic Status in the Acute Care Setting: A Literature Review
Creators: name: Daniel, Madeline
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The opioid epidemic within the United States is an ongoing public health crisis. Emergency departments and acute care floors are some of the top sources of opioid prescribing behind dental offices and step-down care departments (Smith et al., 2020). With the placement of interventions like controlled opioid prescribing in these departments to counteract the opioid epidemic, providers’ prescribing biases for opioid and nonopioid analgesics to treat acute pain have been recorded (Richards et al., 2020). This review was conducted by searching the PubMed and CINAHL databases for research. All articles found were published between 2015 and 2020, with the exception of one earlier seminal study dating back to 2008. The results of this literature review found there are evident disparities amongst gender, race and socioeconomic status (SES) when it comes to assessment and treatment of acute pain. Equality in pain care and assessment is a human right and these disparities cannot go unresolved. This literature review aims to research what information is relevant and current on pain treatment disparities within the acute care setting, and how these disparities may have been influenced by America’s opioid epidemic.
Keywords:  Pain care, pain management, disparities, prescribing bias, opioids, emergency care, acute care, acute pain, race, gender, socioeconomic status, literature review
(777) Ellen Ackrill
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Nonlinear dynamics of the dissipative anisotropic two-photon Dicke model
Creators: name: Li, Jiahui
name: Fazio, Rosario
name: Chesi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the semiclassical limit of the anisotropic two-photon Dicke model with a dissipative bosonic field and describe its rich nonlinear dynamics. Besides normal and 'superradiant'-like phases, the presence of localized fixed points reflects the spectral collapse of the closed-system Hamiltonian. Through Hopf bifurcations of superradiant and normal fixed points, limit cycles are formed in certain regions of parameters. We also identify a pole-flip transition induced by anisotropy and a region of chaotic dynamics, which appears from a cascade of period-doubling bifurcations. In the chaotic region, collision and fragmentation of symmetric attractors take place. Throughout the phase diagram we find several examples of phase coexistence, leading to the segmentation of phase space into distinct basins of attraction.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures
LHC constraints on Gravitino Dark Matter
Creators: name: Arbey, Alexandre
name: Battaglia, Marco
name: Covi, Laura
name: Hasenkamp, Jasper
name: Mahmoudi, Farvah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitino Dark Matter represents a compelling scenario in Supersymmetry, which brings together a variety of data from cosmology and collider physics. We discuss the constraints obtained from the LHC on supersymmetric models with gravitino dark matter and neutralino NLSP, which is the case most difficult to disentangle at colliders from a neutralino LSP forming DM. The phenomenological SUSY model with 19+1 free parameters is adopted. Results are obtained from broad scans of the phase space of these uncorrelated parameters. The relation between gravitino mass, gluino mass and reheating temperature as well as the derived constraints on these parameters are discussed in detail. This relation offers a unique opportunity to place stringent bounds on the cosmological model, within the gravitino dark matter scenario, from the results of the LHC searches in Run-2 and the planned High-Luminosity upgrade.
description: 28 pages, 14 figures, to appear on Phys. Rev. D
Supplementary Material from Serratia marcescens shapes cutaneous bacterial communities and influences survival of an amphibian host
Creators: name: Madison, Joseph D.
name: Ouellette, Scot P.
name: Emme Schmidt
name: Kerby, Jacob L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology

description: This file contains supplementary methods, figures and tables, excluding tables S5-S9.