cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Motivations to use hormonal contraceptive methods and condoms among HIV-positive and negative women randomized to a progestin contraceptive in Malawi: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Chinula, L.
name: Kourtis, Athena P.
name: Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra
name: Bula, Agatha K.
name: Tang, J. H.
name: Hurst, Stacey A.
name: Chapola, John
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2021

description:
Background Although many countries have been promoting hormonal contraceptives to prevent unintended pregnancy and condom use to prevent HIV transmission, little is known about how women targeted by these messages have interpreted and internalized them. We describe HIV-positive and negative women’s understanding of the benefits of contraception and condoms and their motivations to use them. Methods This is a qualitative sub-study from a clinical trial evaluating the effects of progestin contraception on HIV-positive and negative women aged 18–45 years randomly assigned to depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injection or levonorgestrel (LNG) implant. We purposively recruited 41 women to participate in in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) after randomization into the main study. We conducted a total of 30 IDIs and 6 FGDs comprised of 4–7 women (N = 32). All women were counselled about potential risks for HIV acquisition/transmission with progestin-only contraception, drug-drug interactions between the implant and efavirenz-based ART, and the need to use condoms with their assigned contraceptive to help prevent pregnancy and HIV acquisition and transmission. Results All women understood that HIV is transmitted through unprotected sex and that HIV transmission can be prevented through condom use but not DMPA injection or LNG implant use. Nearly all HIV-positive women knew or suspected that their partners were also HIV-positive and were most interested in using condoms to prevent infection with a drug-resistant HIV strain to keep their HIV viral load low. Almost all reported that their partners agreed to condom use, but few used them consistently. Most women believed that condoms were effective at preventing both HIV and pregnancy if used consistently. Nearly all women considered contraception and condom use as important in preventing unintended pregnancy and HIV because partner disclosure of HIV status is low. Conclusion Our results showed that both HIV-positive and negative women understood modes of HIV transmission and prevention and were aware that hormonal contraceptives are only effective for preventing pregnancy and not HIV. Although both HIV-negative and positive women were motivated to use condoms to prevent both HIV acquisition and infection with other HIV strains respectively, they all faced challenges from their partners in using condoms consistently.
Solenochalcidia insolita
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chalcididae
Solenochalcidia
Solenochalcidia insolita

description: Solenochalcidia insolita (W ALKER, 1871)
Chalcis insolita n.sp.: WALKER 1871a: 6 (descr. ♂ ♀, Tadjoura).
Halticella insolita (WALKER, 1871): WALKER 1871 b: 41 (tax., cat. North Africa).
Chalcis insolita WALKER, 1871: DE DALLA TORRE 1898: 388 (world cat. (Djibouti, not East Africa)).
Chalcis insolita WALKER, 1871: SCHMIEDEKNECHT 1909: 27 (world cat. (Djibouti, not East Africa)).
Chalcis insolita WALKER, 1871: INNES BEY 1911: 108 (Tadjoura, cat. Lord Collection).
Chalcis insolita WALKER, 1871: MASI 1929: 116-7 (tax.).
Chalcis insolita WALKER, 1871: SCHMITZ 1946: 27 (cat. Afr. reg. (Djibouti, not East Africa)), 29 (tax.).
Solenochalcidia insolita (WALKER, 1871): BOUČEK 1974b: 335 (tax., type design. (♂), Tadjoura).
Solenochalcidia insolita (WALKER, 1871): CANCIAN DE ARAUJO 2014: 14 (tab. 1: cat.), 101 (fig. 67), 102 (tree 1: tax.), 104 (tree 2: tax.), 106 (tree 3: tax.), 108 (tree 4: tax.), 110 (tree 5: tax.), 112 (app. 1: tax.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Tadjoura.
Solenochalcidia insolita is also known from the Palaearctic region (Algeria).
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 912, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
Non-adiabatic electron charge pumping in coupled semiconductor quantum dots
Creators: name: Arseyev, P. I.
name: Maslova, N. S.
name: Mantsevich, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of non-adiabatic electron pumping in the system of three coupled quantum dots attached to the leads is discussed. We have found out that periodical changing of energy level position in the middle quantum dot results in non zero mean tunneling current appeared due to non-adiabatic non-equilibrium processes. The same principle can be used for fabrication of a new class of semiconductor electronic devices based on non-stationary non-equilibrium currents. As an example we propose a nanometer quantum emitter with non-stationary inverse level occupation achieved by electron pumping.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Black Italia : migrant voices from Africa
Creators: name: Di Maio, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Africans
Europeans

description: Through the centuries, historical and fictional characters of African descent have been an integral part of Italian culture at large – from Hannibal to Othello, to ‘Faccetta Nera’, up to present-day immigrants. Yet their presence, in history as much as in the arts, has often been marginalized, or considered episodic, if not entirely overlooked by Italy’s dominant discourse. The recent arrival of a plethora of immigrants from the four corners of the world, many of whom from African countries, has urged Italians to recuperate their African past as an essential, and often problematic, component of their national identity. Yet historical sources appear fragmentary and often interpolated. How to re-compose the neglected African Italian heritage?
Does primary motor cortex plasticity parallel adaptive modification to human walking?
Creators: name: Zabukovec, Jeanie Ruth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Walking in a novel environment, such as with resistance, has been associated with changes in muscle activity (Lam, Anderschitz & Dietz, 2006), limb position (Lam et al., 2006; 2008) and cortical spinal activity (Capaday, Lavoie, Barbeau, Schneider & Bonnard, 1999; Bonnard, Camus, Coyle & Pailhous, 2002) compared to baseline walking measurements. Previous literature on locomotor adaptation, suggests that the nervous system has the ability to adapt to task demands. The location and mechanisms of these physiological and kinematic changes are still unknown. The purpose of the current study was to verify that corticospinal (CS) excitability is altered by resisted walking. Second, we explored whether CS changes are modulated by attention and lastly whether changes in excitability are muscle specific. Locomotor adaptations were induced in 40 healthy participants using a robotic gait-assisted treadmill (Lokomat). Velocity-dependent resistance was applied against hip and knee movements during walking. CS excitability was assessed by quantifying motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation immediately before and after adaptation to both resisted and nonresisted walking. Recruitment curves were collected by stimulating at increments of 5% from 105-145%AMT. To determine whether adaptation is muscle specific, MEPs were measured through random assignment of either the biceps femoris (BF) or rectus femoris (RF). To evaluate the impact of attention on adaptive walking, half the participants attended to their walking pattern via a visual feedback tracking task (post_cog). The other half watched a controlled visual stimulus (post_nocog). Results demonstrated a significant increase in MEP amplitude in the BF and not the RF following resisted walking. The post_cog condition adaptations did not reveal an increase in MEP amplitude compared the post_nocog condition. Results suggest that locomotor adaptations result in an increase in CS excitability that is muscle specific. Focused attention to motor adaptation may not be an important modulator of movement and motor learning as has been reported in past work. The current study is the first to consider both the role of the CS system in adaptations during walking and the impact of attention on CS excitability and parallels previous findings on muscle specific locomotor adaptations.
How accurate and confident are clinicians when predicting 1-year post-implantation speech perception outcomes?
Creators: name: Philpott, Nikki
name: Philips, Birgit
name: Donders, Rogier
name: Mylanus, Emmanuel A. M.
name: Huinck, Wendy J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Outcome prediction
Speech perception
Cochlear implants

description: This poster was presented at the 2023 Conference on Implantable Auditory Prostheses from July 9-14, 2023 in Lake Tahoe, California.
Additional file 3 of Feasibility of conducting qualitative research with persons living with dementia and their caregivers during a home-delivered meals pilot trial
Creators: name: Gadbois, Emily A.
name: Bunker, Jennifer N.
name: Hilgeman, Michelle
name: Shield, Renee
name: McAuliff, Kathleen E.
name: Mills, Whitney
name: Thomas, Kali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Caregiver Interview Guide.
Alpha privative
Creators: name: Gardini, Nicola
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Literature

description: Neuro-scientific writing is the realm of lacuna. Not only is lacuna an important object of interest for neuroscientists (in whatever form of impairment – be it linguistic or physical), but lacuna is the main source – and was for a long time the sole source – of neuro-scientific knowledge (today, research can count on such a revolutionary technique as brain-imaging – fMRI and PET). To read neuroscience means fundamentally to become acquainted with deficits.
Fathering perceptions and experiences of Ethiopian immigrant/refugee men in a Canadian urban centre
Creators: name: Tachble, Admasu A.
Publisher: name: Social Work
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 220-238
description: Although there are some studies on issues relating to immigrant and refugee resettlement in general, there is paucity of research on immigrant and refugee fathers in Canada. In the absence of research-based information professionals and researchers as well as other service providing agencies are left with their own experiences, biases and concerns as to how to assist immigrant and refugee fathers. In light of these, the purpose of the current study is to explore the fathering perceptions and experiences of Ethiopian newcomer fathers in a Canadian urban centre and narrow the knowledge gap that exists about these men. A descriptive phenomenological approach was employed to gather information from 2 Ethiopian immigrant and 8 refugee fathers living in Calgary through face-to-face individual interviews. The fathers were asked about their perceptions of fathering and their experiences as fathers in the Canadian context. Data were analyzed through inductive approach to allow findings to emerge from the raw data. The results of the study identified that the fathers demonstrated deep sense of commitment, concern and responsibility to fulfill their paternal roles in the changing context of immigration through provision of basic necessities, protection, guidance, sharing child care and household activities with their spouses. The findings also suggest that fathering experiences in Canada brought in changes in the paternal behaviour of the fathers through modification of parenting styles. The study further indicated the need for understanding the support needs of immigrant and refugee fathers by service providing entities through out the resettlement process.
Technique detection software for Sparse Matrices
Creators: name: Khan, Muhammad Taimoor
name: Usman, Anila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparse storage formats are techniques for storing and processing the sparse matrix data efficiently. The performance of these storage formats depend upon the distribution of non-zeros, within the matrix in different dimensions. In order to have better results we need a technique that suits best the organization of data in a particular matrix. So the decision of selecting a better technique is the main step towards improving the system's results otherwise the efficiency can be decreased. The purpose of this research is to help identify the best storage format in case of reduced storage size and high processing efficiency for a sparse matrix.
description: 10 pages
Photon-photon scattering: a tutorial
Creators: name: Liang, Yi
name: Czarnecki, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-established results for the low-energy photon-photon scattering, gamma gamma --> gamma gamma, have recently been questioned. We analyze that claim and demonstrate that it is inconsistent with experience. We demonstrate that the mistake originates from an erroneous manipulation of divergent integrals and discuss the connection with another recent claim about the Higgs decay into two photons. We show a simple way of correctly computing the low-energy gamma gamma scattering.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures; v2: typographical errors corrected in eqs 1, 20, and 21; ref. [23] added
Now that's Italian! representations of Italian food in American popular magazines, 1950-2000
Creators: name: Cinotto, Simone
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Mass media

description: "Few things identify Italy and Italians (and home and abroad) as food. Food occupies center stage in many popular representations of Italian national culture, and the market of Italian Food (i.e., the food represented, perceived, and exchanged as “Italian”) has reached global dimensions. Since food is a cultural artifact, imbued with meanings and values, the cross-cultural consumption of Italian cuisine is a significant marker of the way in which others see and imagine Italy and the Italians. Everyday, massive numbers of consumers in different places purchase commodified Italian identities in a culinary form. What are the images and symbols that Italian Food conveys and why are attractive? How these images and symbols have been changing over time and for the effect of what forces? Given the size of the American market for Italian Food and the role of the United States as a site of production of internationally distributed images in the second half of the Twentieth Century, the case study of the consumption of Italian Food in postwar America is essential to any historical approach to these issues. The case study also makes an interesting example of changing mechanisms of “consumption of the Other” in contemporary America."
125 GeV Higgs Boson from t-b-tau Yukawa Unification
Creators: name: Gogoladze, Ilia
name: Shafi, Qaisar
name: Ün, Cem Salih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify a class of supersymmetric SU(4)_c x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R models in which imposing essentially perfect t-b-tau Yukawa coupling unification at M_GUT yields a mass close to 122-126 GeV for the lightest CP-even (SM-like) Higgs boson. The squark and gluino masses in these models exceed 3 TeV, but the stau and charginos in some cases can be considerably lighter. We display some benchmark points corresponding to neutralino-stau and bino-wino coannihilations as well as A-resonance. The well-known MSSM parameter tan beta is around 46-52.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Is Italy an "Atlantic" country?
Creators: name: Mariano, Marco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: International relations
History
History, Modern

description: "In this paper I will try to outline the emergence of the idea of Atlantic Community (from now on AC) during and in the aftermath of World War II and the peculiar, controversial place of Italy in the AC framework. Both among American policymakers and in public discourse, especially in the press, AC came to define a transatlantic space including basically North American and Western European countries, which supposedly shared political and economic principles and institutions (liberal democracy, individual rights and the rule of law, free market and free trade), cultural traditions (Christianity and, more generally, “Western civilization”) and, consequently, national interests."
How can one recognize what one did not know? Mnemosyne and the art of the twentieth century
Creators: name: Carbone, Mauro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Art

description: "In a page of his posthumous book entitled The Visible and the Invisible (1964), the French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1908-1961) writes: “As the ethnologist in the face of societies called archaic . . . must describe a mythical time where certain events ‘in the beginning’ maintain a continued efficacity; so also social psychology, precisely if it wishes to really know our own societies, cannot exclude a priori the hypothesis of mythical time as a component of our personal and public history”. For Merleau-Ponty it is precisely this mythical time that is evoked in the works of Proust and Freud, or in the attention for simultaneity that characterizes modern painting."
Additional file 1 of Statistical analyses of ordinal outcomes in randomised controlled trials: protocol for a scoping review
Creators: name: Selman, Chris J.
name: Lee, Katherine J.
name: Whitehead, Clare L.
name: Manley, Brett J.
name: Mahar, Robert K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1. Data extraction questionnaire. This is a copy of the data extraction questionnaire that will be used for this review in PDF format.
Confronting images in motion : abεbuu adekai and funerary practices among the Ga of Ghana
Creators: name: Bonetti, Roberta
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Africans
Ethnology
Funeral decorations

description: This paper stems from my research on abεbuu adekai, literally, “receptacles of proverbs,” and better known internationally as fantasy coffins. These artifacts constitute a widespread leitmotif within contemporary African art but have yet to be examined from an ethnographical perspective. Such coffin-sarcophagi were first built and employed in Accra in the 1960s, following Ghana’s independence. Their origin is usually attributed to a carpenter named Kane Kwei (1924-1992). The themes chosen for the coffins' shape – cocoa seeds, Mercedes Benz, onions, boats, and many others — represent aspects of everyday life that relate to notions of prestige and well-being. The coffins are brightly colored, varnished, and topped with sumptuous structures. The variety of motifs has steadily increased, and craftsmen are constantly devising new images. My presentation aimed at highlighting certain processes of mise en image or mise en figuration among the Ga of Ghana, focusing particularly on the funerary object-image – the coffin. Rather than dwelling on the question of whether these products can be classified as art, my research stresses inventiveness within the community in order to understand how adekai function in the local context, the ideas embedded in them, and how they communicate to a local audience .
A dictionary-based method for detecting machine-generated domains
Creators: name: Wang, Tianyu
name: Chen, Li-Chiou
name: Genc, Yegin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Internet robots, also known as bots, have transformed the businesses and society with convenience. However, the dynamics of these interactions could be under adversarial circumstances with detrimental effects on network security. Bots that use domain-generation algorithms (DGAs) can generate many random domains dynamically so that static domain blacklists become ineffective in preventing malicious attacks by botnets. Various families of recent botnets have used DGA to establish communication with the bots. Researchers have introduced various detection methods with moderate success. Methods proposed so far either detect only DGAs that use non-variations forms or focus on the classification accuracy instead of time complexity, which would be critical in real-world production. The goal of this article is to explore how machine learning can help in detecting machine-generated domain names. To that end, we propose a dictionary-based n-gram method that can detect 39 DGA variations. We compared our method with existing research and found that our method can improve the performance of the existing classification algorithms. At last, our method can achieve competitive results as the LSTM model while requiring less time and complexity. Our research helps real-time production for DGA detection and provides insight in protecting DNS server and information security.
General Hidden Conformal Symmetry of 4D Kerr-Newman and 5D Kerr Black Holes
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Zhang, Jia-ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two known CFT duals, namely the J-picture and the Q-picture, for a four-dimensional Kerr-Newman black hole, corresponding to the angular momentum $J$ and the electric charge $Q$ respectively. In our recent study we found a one-parameter class of CFT duals for extremal Kerr-Newman black hole, connecting these two pictures. In this paper we study these novel CFT duals for the generic non-extremal Kerr-Newman black hole. We investigate the hidden conformal symmetry in the low frequency scattering off Kerr-Newman black hole, from which the dual temperatures could be read. We find that there still exists a hidden conformal symmetry for a general CFT dual. We reproduce the correct Bekenstein-Hawking entropy from the Cardy formula, assuming the form of the central charge being invariant. Moreover we compute the retarded Green's function in the general CFT dual picture and find it is in good match with the CFT prediction. Furthermore we discuss the hidden conformal symmetries of the five dimensional Kerr black hole and obtain the similar evidence to support the general dual CFT pictures.
description: 25 pages; Typos corrected; Revision in accordance to the changes in 1106.4148
Structural-functional relationships in the human thrombin A-chain
Creators: name: Carter, Isis Sarah Rosemary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Thrombin is the terminal protease in the coagulation cascade and plays a pivotal role in haemostasis, affecting both amplification and down-regulation of coagulation. Although prothrombin is one of the most widely studied enzymes in biology, the role of the thrombin A-chain region has been neglected in comparison to the other domains. While originally considered to be simply an activation remnant with little physiological function, mutations in the prothrombin A-chain region lead to bleeding disorders. There is evidence that the thrombin A-chain may play a role as an allosteric effector in enzymatic reactions and may also represent a structural scaffold to stabilize the protease domain; however, the exact role(s) of the A-chain remain to be elucidated. In this thesis, the roles of the A-chain region in prothrombin folding and activation, thrombin Ca²⁺⁺ binding, enzyme stability and function were investigated. The results from this study suggest that the A-chain region is not required for prothrombin folding and secretion out of the cells; however, the A-chain is required for prothrombin activation. In an independent study using x-ray crystallographic techniques, NMR and activity assays, no evidence of a Ca²⁺⁺ binding site was found in the thrombin A-chain or elsewhere in the thrombin molecule. During prothrombin activation, nascent thrombin undergoes autolysis of a 13-residue N-terminal peptide of the A-chain to produce α-thrombin. Nascent thrombin and α-thrombin were compared to assess the effects of the A13 peptide. Contrary to expectation, autolysis of the A13 peptide at the N-terminus of the thrombin A-chain was very slow, with a half life of 46 minutes. Investigation of whether retention of this peptide affected thrombin structure and activity revealed that nascent thrombin was significantly different than α-thrombin in terms of 1) chromogenic activity and fibrinogen clotting activity, 2) thermal stability, 3) heparin binding and 4) inhibition by antithrombin. These studies further our knowledge of the roles the A-chain plays in the zymogen prothrombin and protease thrombin, and demonstrate that the A-chain A13 peptide of nascent thrombin may be a procoagulant stabilizer of thrombin in coagulation.
Direct measurement of the angular power spectrum of cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies in the WMAP Data
Creators: name: Chiang, Lung-Yih
name: Chen, Fei-Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies is one of the most important on characteristics of the Universe such as its geometry and total density. Using flat sky approximation and Fourier analysis, we estimate the angular power spectrum from an ensemble of least foreground-contaminated square patches from WMAP W and V frequency band map. This method circumvents the issue of foreground cleaning and that of breaking orthogonality in spherical harmonic analysis due to masking out the bright Galactic plane region, thereby rendering a direct measurement of the angular power spectrum. We test and confirm Gaussian statistical characteristic of the selected patches, from which the first and second acoustic peak of the power spectrum are reproduced, and the third peak is clearly visible albeit with some noise residual at the tail.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Hints into Kepler's method
Creators: name: Gattei, Stefano
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Astronomy

description: Some of Johannes Kepler’s works seem very different in character. His youthful Mysterium cosmographicum (1596) argues for heliocentrism on the basis of metaphysical, astronomical, astrological, numerological, and architectonic principles. By contrast, Astronomia nova (1609) is far more tightly argued on the basis of only a few dynamical principles. In the eyes of many, such a contrast embodies a transition from Renaissance to early modern science. However, Kepler did not subsequently abandon the broader approach of his early works: similar metaphysical arguments reappeared in Harmonices mundi libri V (1619), and he reissued the Mysterium cosmographicum in a second edition in 1621, in which he qualified only some of his youthful arguments. I claim that the conceptual and stylistic features of the Astronomia nova – as well as of other “minor” works, such as Strena seu De nive sexangula (1611) or Nova stereometria doliorum vinariorum (1615) – are intimately related and were purposely chosen because of the response he knew to expect from the astronomical community to the revolutionary changes in astronomy he was proposing. Far from being a stream-of-consciousness or merely rhetorical kind of narrative, as many scholars have argued, Kepler’s expository method was carefully calculated both to convince his readers and to engage them in a critical discussion in the joint effort to know God’s design.
Inclusive B-Meson Production at the LHC in the GM-VFN Scheme
Creators: name: Kniehl, B. A.
name: Kramer, G.
name: Schienbein, I.
name: Spiesberger, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the next-to-leading-order cross section for the inclusive production of B mesons in pp collisions in the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme, an approach which takes into account the finite mass of the b quarks. We use realistic evolved non-perturbative fragmentation functions obtained from fits to e+e- data and compare results for the transverse-momentum and rapidity distributions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with recent data from the CMS Collaboration. We find good agreement, in particular at large values of pT.
description: Minor changes to the text, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 1 of Multimorbidity and determinants for initiating outpatient trajectories: A population-based study
Creators: name: Bell, Cathrine
name: Prior, Anders
name: Appel, Charlotte Weiling
name: Frølich, Anne
name: Pedersen, Asger Roer
name: Vedsted, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Holomorphic Bisectional Curvatures, Supersymmetry Breaking, and Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Sinha, Kuver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Working in $D=4, N=1$ supergravity, we utilize relations between holomorphic sectional and bisectional curvatures of Kahler manifolds to constrain Affleck-Dine baryogenesis. We show the following No-Go result: Affleck-Dine baryogenesis cannot be performed if the holomorphic sectional curvature at the origin is isotropic in tangent space; as a special case, this rules out spaces of constant holomorphic sectional curvature (defined in the above sense) and in particular maximally symmetric coset spaces. We also investigate scenarios where inflationary supersymmetry breaking is identified with the supersymmetry breaking responsible for mass splitting in the visible sector, using conditions of sequestering to constrain manifolds where inflation can be performed.
description: 9 pages
Observation of inconsistent carbon isotope compositions of chlorine-isotopologue pairs of individual organochlorines on gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Tang, Caiming
name: Tan, Jianhua
name: Fan, Yujuan
name: Zheng, Ke
name: Huang, Qiuxin
name: Peng, Xianzhi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Relative abundances of chlorine and carbon isotopologues of individual organochlorines (e.g. polychlorinated organic pollutants) are generally recognised to comply with stochastic distribution, and thus can be calculated by the binomial theorem. As a result, carbon isotope ratios derived from different chlorine-isotopologue pairs, e.g. 12C235Cl4 vs. 12C13C35Cl4, should be consistent. Yet this recognition may not exactly reflect the reality. This study investigated the consistency/inconsistency of carbon isotope compositions of chlorine-isotopologue pairs of individual organochlorines including two chloroethylenes, three polychlorinated biphenyls, methyl-triclosan and hexachlorobenzene. The raw carbon isotope ratios were measured by gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. Data simulations in terms of background subtraction, background addition, dual 13C-atoms substitution, deuterium substitution and hydrogen-transfer, along with measurements at different injection concentrations were conducted to confirm the validity of measured carbon isotope ratios and their differences. Inconsistent carbon isotope ratios derived from chlorine-isotopologue pairs of individual organochlorines were observed, and the isotopologues of each organochlorine were thus inferred to be non-randomly distributed. Mechanistic interpretation for these findings was tentatively proposed according to a basic principle in clumped-isotope geochemistry, reaction thermodynamics and kinetics, along with isotope effects occurring in electron ionisation mass spectrometry. This study sheds light on the actual carbon isotope compositions of chlorine-isotopologue pairs of organochlorines, and yields new insights into the real distributions of carbon and chlorine isotopologues. The inconsistent carbon isotope compositions of chlorine-isotopologue pairs are anticipated to benefit the exploration of formation conditions and source identification of organochlorine pollutants.
Staging EUrope
Creators: name: Skantze, P. A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Europeans

description: "We get to the Lungotevere Papereschi late, but this is Rome and we know the spettacolo will not begin on time. If we were going to the theatre in New York, London or Munich, well then. Still we walk quickly past the beautifully lit outdoor space that announces the theatre even before one is in it, the soft candles on the ruined wall, the milling about a makeshift bar. We round the corner of the theatre where there is a huge queue pressed against a side of the building not customarily used as an entrance."
Adsorption of cobalt on graphene: Electron correlation effects from a quantum chemical perspective
Creators: name: Rudenko, A. N.
name: Keil, F. J.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the adsorption of a single cobalt atom (Co) on graphene by means of the complete active space self-consistent field approach, additionally corrected by the second-order perturbation theory. The local structure of graphene is modeled by a planar hydrocarbon cluster (C$_{24}$H$_{12}$). Systematic treatment of the electron correlations and the possibility to study excited states allow us to reproduce the potential energy curves for different electronic configurations of Co. We find that upon approaching the surface, the ground-state configuration of Co undergoes several transitions, giving rise to two stable states. The first corresponds to the physisorption of the adatom in the high-spin $3d^74s^2$ ($S=3/2$) configuration, while the second results from the chemical bonding formed by strong orbital hybridization, leading to the low-spin $3d^9$ ($S=1/2$) state. Due to the instability of the $3d^9$ configuration, the adsorption energy of Co is small in both cases and does not exceed 0.35 eV. We analyze the obtained results in terms of a simple model Hamiltonian that involves Coulomb repulsion ($U$) and exchange coupling ($J$) parameters for the 3$d$ shell of Co, which we estimate from first-principles calculations. We show that while the exchange interaction remains constant upon adsorption ($\simeq1.1$ eV), the Coulomb repulsion significantly reduces for decreasing distances (from 5.3 to 2.6$\pm$0.2 eV). The screening of $U$ favors higher occupations of the 3$d$ shell and thus is largely responsible for the interconfigurational transitions of Co. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the approaches that are based on density functional theory with respect to transition metal atoms on graphene, and we conclude that a proper account of the electron correlations is crucial for the description of adsorption in such systems.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Asymptotic analysis of first passage processes : with applications to animal movement
Creators: name: Venu, Kurella
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Understanding the dependence of animal behaviour on resource distribution is a central problem in mathematical ecology. In a habitat, the distribution of food resources and their accessibility from an animal's location together with the search time involved in foraging, all govern the survival of a species. In this work, we investigate various scenarios that affect foraging habits of animals in a landscape. The work, unlike previous studies, analyzes the first passage quantities on complex prey-predator distributions in a given domain in order to derive simple analytical problems that can readily be solved numerically. We use standard stochastic models such as the Kolmogorov equations of first passage times and splitting probability, to model both the foraging time of a predator and the chances of survival of prey on a landscape with prey and predator patches. We obtain an asymptotic solution to these Kolmogorov equations using a hybrid asymptotic-numerical singular perturbation technique that utilizes the fact that the ratio of the size of prey patches is small in comparison to the overall landscape. Results from this hybrid approach are then verified by undertaking full numerical simulations of the governing partial differential equations of the first passage processes. By using this hybrid formulation we identify the underlying parameters that affect the search time of a predator and splitting probability of prey, which are otherwise difficult to ascertain using only numerical tools. This analytical understanding of how parameters influence the first passage processes is a key step in quantifying foraging behavior in model ecological systems.
Magnetoresistance and negative differential resistance in Ni/Graphene/Ni vertical heterostructures driven by finite bias voltage: A first-principles study
Creators: name: Saha, Kamal K.
name: Blom, Anders
name: Thygesen, Kristian S.
name: Nikolic, Branislav K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the nonequilibrium Green function formalism combined with density functional theory, we study finite-bias quantum transport in Ni/Gr_n/Ni vertical heterostructures where $n$ graphene layers are sandwiched between two semi-infinite Ni(111) electrodes. We find that recently predicted "pessimistic" magnetoresistance of 100% for $n \ge 5$ junctions at zero bias voltage $V_b \rightarrow 0$, persists up to $V_b \simeq 0.4$ V, which makes such devices promising for spin-torque-based device applications. In addition, for parallel orientations of the Ni magnetizations, the $n=5$ junction exhibits a pronounced negative differential resistance as the bias voltage is increased from $V_b=0$ V to $V_b \simeq 0.5$ V. We confirm that both of these nonequilibrium effects hold for different types of bonding of Gr on the Ni(111) surface while maintaining Bernal stacking between individual Gr layers.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, PDFLaTeX; Figure labels corrected
Public history and the production of the "culture of Shiraz"
Creators: name: Manoukian, Setrag
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Islamic civilization
Islam--Customs and practices

description: The project examines the production of historical knowledge in contemporary Shiraz, focusing on several "cultural activities" such as restorations, publications and events. Discussing the strategies of different state and municipal institutions as well as the particular expressive modalities through which the past is constructed and inscribed on urban space, I underlie the conflicted character of these dynamics and argue that the production of public history in Iran is best understood as a series of interventions instituting a system of dispersion rather than the reworking of a stable national imagination.
Aximopsis obocki
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eurytomidae
Aximopsis
Aximopsis obocki

description: Aximopsis obocki (RISBEC, 1955)
Eurytoma obocki n.sp.: RISBEC 1955: 562 (fig. 5a), 565 (descr. ♀, Obock, footnote: tax.).
Eurytoma obocki RISBEC, 1955: DELVARE 1988: 122 (key), 127 (figs 38, 39), 129 (tax., descr. ♀, Obock).
Aximopsis obocki (RISBEC, 1955): GATES & DELVARE 2008: 7 (tax., Obock), 22 (host-parasite cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Obock.
Eurytoma obocki is only known from Djibouti.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 912, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
Additional file 1 of Identification of kukoamine a as an anti-osteoporosis drug target using network pharmacology and experiment verification
Creators: name: Luo, Liying
name: Guan, Zhiyuan
name: Jin, Xiao
name: Guan, Zhiqiang
name: Jiang, Yanyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The workflow of KuA in treatment of OP. Figure S2. GO enrichment analysis among target genes. (A) Cell type signature. (B) Disgenet analysis. (C) Trrust analysis. (D) Pagenbase analysis. (E) Transcription factor. Figure S3. KuA improve the mechanical properties and inflammation level in OVX mice. (A) Stiffness of tibia. (B) Displacement of tibia. (C) Energy absorption. (D) serum IL-6. (E)serum CRP. (F) serum TNF-α. (G) serum IL-1b. (H) Principal genetic analysis among all variable. Figure S4. The PYGM related signaling pathway of potential target genes of LC in OP. Figure S5. KuA increased significantly the tibia and spine bone microstructure and mechanical properties in OVX mice. Figure S6. KuA increased significantly the spine bone microstructure and mechanical properties in OVX mice. Table S1. Primer Sequences used for RT-QPCR.
Additional file 2 of Statistical analyses of ordinal outcomes in randomised controlled trials: protocol for a scoping review
Creators: name: Selman, Chris J.
name: Lee, Katherine J.
name: Whitehead, Clare L.
name: Manley, Brett J.
name: Mahar, Robert K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 2. Anticipated challenges with data extraction and how they will be handled. This is a table that outlines that anticipated challenges with data extraction in PDF format.
Tunable capacitive inter-dot coupling in a bilayer graphene double quantum dot
Creators: name: Fringes, Stefan
name: Volk, Christian
name: Terrés, Bernat
name: Dauber, Jan
name: Engels, Stephan
name: Trellenkamp, Stefan
name: Stampfer, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a double quantum dot which is formed in a width-modulated etched bilayer graphene nanoribbon. A number of lateral graphene gates enable us to tune the quantum dot energy levels and the tunneling barriers of the device over a wide energy range. Charge stability diagrams and in particular individual triple point pairs allow to study the tunable capacitive inter-dot coupling energy as well as the spectrum of the electronic excited states on a number of individual triple points. We extract a mutual capacitive inter-dot coupling in the range of 2 - 6 meV and an inter-dot tunnel coupling on the order of 1.5 μeV.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Asymptotic dynamics of coined quantum walks on percolation graphs
Creators: name: Kollár, Bálint
name: Kiss, Tamás
name: Novotný, Jaroslav
name: Jex, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum walks obey unitary dynamics: they form closed quantum systems. The system becomes open if the walk suffers from imperfections represented as missing links on the underlying basic graph structure, described by dynamical percolation. Openness of the system's dynamics creates decoherence, leading to strong mixing. We present a method to analytically solve the asymptotic dynamics of coined, percolated quantum walks for a general graph structure. For the case of a circle and a linear graph we derive the explicit form of the asymptotic states. We find that a rich variety of asymptotic evolutions occur: not only the fully mixed state, but other stationary states; stable periodic and quasiperiodic oscillations can emerge, depending on the coin operator, the initial state, and the topology of the underlying graph.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Scalar Neutrino as Asymmetric Dark Matter: Radiative Neutrino Mass and Leptogenesis
Creators: name: Ma, Ernest
name: Sarkar, Utpal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the scalar neutrino $\tildeν_L$ has odd R parity, yet it has long been eliminated as a dark-matter candidate because it scatters elastically off nuclei through the $Z$ boson, yielding a cross section many orders of magnitude above the experimental limit. We show how it can be reinstated as a dark-matter candidate by splitting the masses of its real and imaginary parts in an extension of the MSSM with scalar triplets. As a result, radiative Majorana neutrino masses are also generated. In addition, decays of the scalar triplets relate the abundance of this asymmetric dark matter to the baryon asymmetry of the Universe through leptogenesis.
description: 9 pages with 4 figures