cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Solar Radiation Under Thinned and Unthinned Lodgepole Pine Stands on the Utah State University School Forest
Creators: name: Durtschi, Belden B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: Shortwave solar radiation was measured in the late winter of 1967 by means of actinographs below the canopy of two lodgepole pine stands, one thinned and the other unthinned, in northern Utah. Observations were made at four randomly selected stations in each stand and at one station in a large clearing. Radiation available below the thinned and unthinned stands was compared, and radiation in the open was compared with radiation beneath each stand.
Nearly a ll differences between stands were significant as were the differences between each stand and the open area.
A close correlation was shown between total radiation in the open and total radiation beneath forest stands.
It was concluded that the radiation beneath either the thinned or the unthinned stand was above the minimum (ca. 10 percent of full sunlight) required for adequate reproduction of Engelmann spruce and subalpine fir.
Forecasts of CMB lensing reconstruction of AliCPT-1 from the foreground cleaned polarization data
Creators: name: Han, Jiakang
name: Hu, Bin
name: Ghosh, Shamik
name: Li, Siyu
name: Dou, Jiazheng
name: Delabrouille, Jacques
name: Jin, Jing
name: Li, Hong
name: Liu, Yang
name: Remazeilles, Mathieu
name: Zhao, Wen
name: Zhang, Pengjie
name: Li, Zheng-Wei
name: Liu, Cong-Zhan
name: Zhang, Yong-jie
name: Kuo, Chao-Lin
name: Zhang, Xinmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) observations are unavoidably contaminated by emission from various extra-galactic foregrounds, which must be removed to obtain reliable measurements of the cosmological signal. In this paper, we demonstrate CMB lensing reconstruction in AliCPT-1 after foreground removal, combine the two bands of AliCPT-1 (90 and 150~GHz) with Planck HFI bands (100, 143, 217 and 353~GHz) and with the WMAP-K band (23~GHz). In order to balance contamination by instrumental noise and foreground residual bias, we adopt the Needlet Internal Linear Combination (NILC) method to clean the E-map and the constrained Internal Linear Combination (cILC) method to clean the B-map. The latter utilizes additional constraints on average frequency scaling of the dust and synchrotron to remove foregrounds at the expense of somewhat noisier maps. Assuming 4 modules observing 1 season from simulation data, the resulting effective residual noise in E- and B-map are roughly $15~μ{\rm K}\cdot{\rm arcmin}$ and $25~μ{\rm K}\cdot{\rm arcmin}$, respectively. As a result, the CMB lensing reconstruction signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) from polarization data is about SNR$\,\approx\,$4.5. This lensing reconstruction capability is comparable to that of other stage-III small aperture millimeter CMB telescopes.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Optimal rates of convergence and error localization of Gegenbauer projections
Creators: name: Wang, Haiyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A10, 41A25

description: Motivated by comparing the convergence behavior of Gegenbauer projections and best approximations, we study the optimal rate of convergence for Gegenbauer projections in the maximum norm. We show that the rate of convergence of Gegenbauer projections is the same as that of best approximations under conditions of the underlying function is either analytic on and within an ellipse and $λ\leq0$ or differentiable and $λ\leq1$, where $λ$ is the parameter in Gegenbauer projections. If the underlying function is analytic and $λ>0$ or differentiable and $λ>1$, then the rate of convergence of Gegenbauer projections is slower than that of best approximations by factors of $n^λ$ and $n^{λ-1}$, respectively. An exceptional case is functions with endpoint singularities, for which Gegenbauer projections and best approximations converge at the same rate for all $λ>-1/2$. For functions with interior or endpoint singularities, we provide a theoretical explanation for the error localization phenomenon of Gegenbauer projections and for why the accuracy of Gegenbauer projections is better than that of best approximations except in small neighborhoods of the critical points. Our analysis provides fundamentally new insight into the power of Gegenbauer approximations and related spectral methods.
description: IMA J. Numer. Anal., to appear
Environment of MAMBO galaxies in the COSMOS field
Creators: name: Aravena, Manuel
name: Bertoldi, Frank
name: Carilli, Chris L.
name: Schinnerer, Eva
name: McCracken, Henry J.
name: Salvato, Mara
name: Riechers, Dominik
name: Sheth, Kartik
name: Smolcic, Vernesa
name: Capak, Peter
name: Koekemoer, Anton
name: Menten, Karl M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Submillimeter galaxies (SMG) represent a dust-obscured high-redshift population undergoing massive star formation activity. Their properties and space density have suggested that they may evolve into spheroidal galaxies residing in galaxy clusters. In this paper, we report the discovery of compact (~10"-20") galaxy overdensities centered at the position of three SMGs detected with the Max-Planck Millimeter Bolometer camera (MAMBO) in the COSMOS field. These associations are statistically significant. The photometric redshifts of galaxies in these structures are consistent with their associated SMGs; all of them are between z=1.4-2.5, implying projected physical sizes of ~170 kpc for the overdensities. Our results suggest that about 30% of the radio-identified bright SMGs in that redshift range form in galaxy density peaks in the crucial epoch when most stars formed.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Hotter Than Expected: HST/WFC3 Phase-resolved Spectroscopy of a Rare Irradiated Brown Dwarf with Strong Internal Heat Flux
Creators: name: Amaro, Rachael C.
name: Apai, Daniel
name: Zhou, Yifan
name: Lew, Ben W. P.
name: Casewell, Sarah L.
name: Mayorga, L.
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Tan, Xianyu
name: Lothringer, Joshua D.
name: Parmentier, Vivien
name: Barman, Travis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With infrared flux contrasts larger than typically seen in hot Jupiter, tidally-locked white dwarf-brown dwarf binaries offer a superior opportunity to investigate atmospheric processes in irradiated atmospheres. NLTT5306 is such a system, with a M$_{BD}$ = 52 $\pm$ 3 M$_{Jup}$ brown dwarf orbiting a T$_{eff}$ = 7756 $\pm$ 35 K white dwarf with an ultra-short period of $\sim$102 min. We present HST/WFC3 spectroscopic phase curves of NLTT5306, consisting of 47 spectra from 1.1 to 1.7 microns with an average S/N=65 per wavelength. We extracted the phase-resolved spectra of the brown dwarf NLTT5306B, finding a small (<100 K) day/night temperature difference ($\sim$5 percent of the average day-side temperature). Our best-fit model phase curves revealed a complex wavelength-dependence on amplitudes and relative phase offsets, suggesting longitudinal-vertical atmospheric structure. The night-side spectrum was well-fit by a cloudy, non-irradiated atmospheric model while the day-side was best-matched by a cloudy, weakly irradiated model. Additionally, we created a simple radiative energy redistribution model of the atmosphere and found evidence for efficient day-to-night heat redistribution and a moderately high Bond albedo. We also discovered an internal heat flux much higher than expected given the published system age, leading to an age reassessment that resulted in NLTT5306B most likely being much younger. We find that NLTT5306B is the only known significantly irradiated brown dwarf where the global temperature structure is not dominated by external irradiation, but rather its own internal heat. Our study provides an essential insight into the drivers of global circulation and day-to-night heat transport as a function of irradiation, rotation rate, and internal heat.
description: 31 pages, 25 figures, Accepted to Astrophysical Journal with video abstract. Video abstract available at https://www.rachaelamaro.com/research-1
title: Role of Transition Metals in Nitrite Decomposition in Soil
Creators: name: Bajwa, J. S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1971

description: Iron and copper increased the decomposition of nitrite significantly during the first two hours of reaction when 150 parts per million (ppm) of nitrite and nitrogen was added to an acidic soil. Manganese was found to have a slight effect. There was no additional effect of the added metals after two hours reaction time.
The higher concentration of metals was not effective in catalyzing the decomposition of the added nitrite in nitrogen. All the added nitrite nitrogen was not recovered and the deficit could be due to the formation of nitrogen gas.
Suuõõne mikroobiökoloogia kroonilise parodontiidi puhul
Creators: name: Leibur, Edvitar
name: Mikelsaar, Marika
name: Kõll-Klais, Piret
name: Mändar, Reet
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: krooniline parodontiit, kaaries, mikrofloora

description: Krooniline  parodontiit  on  hammast  ümbritsevate  kudede  põletik, mille  tähtsamaks
tekkepõhjuseks  peetakse  peamiselt  hambakatus  paiknevaid  gramnegatiivseid  anaeroobseid  mikroorganisme,  samas  ei  ole  võimalik  esile  tuua  ühte  kindlat  haigustekitajat.  Arvatakse,  et  igemealuse keskkonna  muutumine  tingib mikrofloora  tasakaalu häirumise, kuid ei ole teada, missugused mikroobigrupid on sellesse protsessi
haaratud.  Töös  on  võrreldud  kroonilist  parodontiiti  põdevate  ja  tervete isikute
igemealust mikrofloorat  ning  hinnatud  kariogeensete mikroorganismide  olemasolu  ja
hulka süljes võrrelduna vastavate kliiniliste näitajatega.
description: Eesti Arst, November 2003
Exploring the shear viscosity in four-dimensional planar black holes beyond General Relativity
Creators: name: Bravo-Gaete, Moisés
name: Guajardo, Luis
name: Santos, Fabiano F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well known shear viscosity to entropy density ratio ($η/s$) cannot be computed when the black hole space-time has zero thermodynamic entropy. This is the case, for example, when General Relativity in four dimensions is complemented with Critical Gravity, or in particular scenarios within the Four-dimensional-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theories. Recently, it has been shown that the zero entropy situation can be overcome in these examples by introducing suitable matter fields. With this at hand, in this paper we analyze each case and the impact of these extra sources in the ratio, in terms of their new parameters. We find that, while the $η/s$ ratio remains constant and insensitive in the former, this is not the case for the latter. To perform the calculations, we construct a Noether charge using a space-like Killing vector. The accuracy of the aforementioned findings is supported by the Kubo formalism.
description: Version 3, references modified. Accepted version to Physical Review D
Additional file 1 of Geographical origin of Plasmodium vivax in the Hainan Island, China: insights from mitochondrial genome
Creators: name: Li, Yuchun
name: Huang, Xiaomin
name: Qing, Ling
name: Zeng, Wen
name: Zeng, Xiangjie
name: Meng, Feng
name: Wang, GuangZe
name: Chen, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Primer sequences. Primers used for amplifying and sequencing the mitochondrial genome of Plasmodium vivax.
Giant nonlinear Hall effect in strained twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Zhang, Cheng-Ping
name: Xiao, Jiewen
name: Zhou, Benjamin T.
name: Hu, Jin-Xin
name: Xie, Ying-Ming
name: Yan, Binghai
name: Law, K. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have shown that moiré flat bands in a twisted bilayer graphene(TBG) can acquire nontrivial Berry curvatures when aligned with hexagonal boron nitride substrate [1, 2], which can be manifested as a correlated Chern insulator near the 3/4 filling [3, 4]. In this work, we show that the large Berry curvatures in the moiré bands lead to strong nonlinear Hall(NLH) effect in a strained TBG with general filling factors. Under a weak uniaxial strain $\sim 0.1\%$, the Berry curvature dipole which characterizes the nonlinear Hall response can be as large as $\sim$ 200Å, exceeding the values of all previously known nonlinear Hall materials [5-14] by two orders of magnitude. The dependence of the giant NLH effect as a function of electric gating, strain and twist angle is further investigated systematically. Importantly, we point out that the giant NLH effect appears generically for twist angle near the magic angle due to the strong susceptibility of nearly flat moiré bands to symmetry breaking induced by strains. Our results establish TBG as a practical platform for tunable NLH effect and novel transport phenomena driven by nontrivial Berry phases.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Comments are welcome
Variational Theory of Hot Nucleon Matter II : Spin-Isospin Correlations and Equation of State of Nuclear and Neutron Matter
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the variational theory for fermions at finite temperature and high density, developed in an earlier paper, to symmetric nuclear matter and pure neutron matter. This extension generalizes to finite temperatures, the many body technique used in the construction of the zero temperature Akmal-Pandharipande-Ravenhall equation of state. We discuss how the formalism can be used for practical calculations of hot dense matter. Neutral pion condensation along with the associated isovector spin longitudinal sum rule is analyzed. The equation of state is calculated for temperatures less than 30 MeV and densities less than three times the saturation density of nuclear matter. The behavior of the nucleon effective mass in medium is also discussed.
description: 48 pages, 20 figures
Vähihaigestumustrendid Eestis 1990–1999
Creators: name: Mägi, Margit
name: Härmaorg, Pille
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: vähk, haigestumus, ajatrend, Eesti Vähiregister

description: Artiklis on analüüsitud vähihaigestumuse muutusi Eestis 1990.–1994. ning 1995.–1999. a Eesti Vähiregistri andmete põhjal. Kõigi vähipaikmete korral kokku suurenes vähihaigestumus meestel 6% ja naistel 11%. Kõige enam sagenes kilpnäärmevähk naistel, mitte-Hodgkini lümfoom ja pahaloomuline nahamelanoom nii meestel kui naistel. Vähenes leukeemia- ja maovähihaigestumus. Oluliseks tulemuseks on meeste kopsuvähihaigestumuse suurenemise lakkamine, mis tõenäoliselt peegeldab suitsetamisharjumuste muutust pikema aja jooksul. Naiste püsivalt suur emakakaelavähi- haigestumus viitab aga esmajoones lausskriiningu puudumisele Eestis.


Eesti Arst 2003; 82 (10): 680–685
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2003
Quasianalytic functionals and ultradistributions as boundary values of harmonic functions
Creators: name: Debrouwere, Andreas
name: Vindas, Jasson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary. 31B25, 46F15, 46F05. Secondary. 46F20

description: We study boundary values of harmonic functions in spaces of quasianalytic functionals and spaces of ultradistributions of non-quasianalytic type. As an application, we provide a new approach to Hörmander's support theorem for quasianalytic functionals. Our main technical tool is a description of ultradifferentiable functions by almost harmonic functions, a concept that we introduce in this article. We work in the setting of ultradifferentiable classes defined via weight matrices. In particular, our results simultaneously apply to the two standard classes defined via weight sequences and via weight functions.
description: 25 pages
Trombofiilia ja rasedus
Creators: name: Liigant, Aive
name: Kirss, Anne
name: Kõrv, Janika
name: Vibo, Riina
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003
Subjects: rasedus, insult, trombofiilia

description: Trombofiilia ehk hüperkoagulatiivne seisund võib olla pärilik või omandatud. Päriliku trombofiilia põhjustena tuntakse mitmete koagulatsioonitegurite puudulikkust (proteiin S, proteiin C, antitrombiin III defitsiit ja aktiveeritud proteiin C resistentsus). Trombofiilia peamisteks kliinilisteks ilminguteks on jalgade süvaveenitromboos, kopsuarteri trombemboolia või mõlemad üheskoos. Haruldasem on tromboos pindmistes, aju või vistseraalsetes veenides. Artiklis on esitatud haigusjuht, kus 25aastasel patsiendil tekkisid seoses rasedusega mitmed trombootilised tüsistused.


Eesti Arst 2003; 82 (10): 723–728
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2003
Probing the Spin Structure of the Proton using Polarized Proton-Proton Collisions and the Production of W Bosons
Creators: name: Beaumier, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: phenix
w-boson
longitudinal spin asymmetry
polarization
dimuon

description: This thesis discusses the process of extracting the longitudinal asymmetry, AW±L, describing W → μ production in forward kinematic regimes. This asymmetry is used to constrain our understanding of the polarized parton distribution functions characterizing ̄u and ̄d sea-quarks in the proton.
Collisions in piecewise flat gravity in 3+1 dimensions
Creators: name: van de Meent, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the (3+1)-dimensional locally finite gravity model proposed by 't Hooft. In particular we revisit the problem of resolving collisions of string defects. We provide a new geometric description of the configurations of strings using piecewise flat manifolds, and use it to resolve a more general class of collisions. We argue that beyond certain bounds for the deficiency/surplus angles no resolutions may be found that satisfy the imposed causality conditions.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures
title: An Empirical Analysis of Demand Interrelationships: An Application to Selected Agricultural Commodities in Venezuela
Creators: name: Brito, Hector Luis Mata
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: The primary objective of this study was to develop demand equations at retail for selected Venezuelan food commodities. Commodities included for analysis were rice, refined sugar, crude sugar, flour, potatoes, beef, pork, black beans, corn, and powdered milk.
The basic statistical technique employed in the analysis was least squares multiple regression. Although several mathematical forms for these demand equations were evaluated, a log-log transform was found to be most useful. Independent variables included own price, prices of substitutes and complements, time and income. Observations were taken from Venezuelan time series data over the period 1945-1965.
Development of these basic demand equations facilitated the treatment of a second objective which was to evaluate the degree of complementarity and substitution between each one of the commodities included in the model. Further, it provided the necessary structural framework to give exante examination to selected policy alternatives for Venezuelan agriculture. Alternatives examined included minimwn price and import policies.
Interesting results and conclusions may be s ummarized as follows:
1. Difficult statistical problems are encountered in an attempt to estimate direct and cross elasticities of demand from time series data.
2. A less general approach utilizing principles of demand theory is advisable until further requirements are made in the data series.
3. A consistent demand model docs provide useful insights into the interrelationships of commodity demands in terms of direction of change in price and quantity if not in terms of their magnitude.
4. Regional and social stratification of price, income and consumption data should improve the reliability of any subsequent analyses.
5. Additional household expenditure surveys of a cross-sectional nature would provide useful and necessary checks on the demand estimates obtained from time series data.
Pope Pius XII on the world community; discourse of Pope Pius XII to the fifth annual congress of the Union of Italian Catholic Jurists, Rome, December 6, 1953,with commentaries by Edward A. Conway and Gustave Weigel. Edited by Charles Keenan.
Creators: name: PiusXII,Pope,1876-1958.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: Not Assigned
title: The Effect of Alternate Wetting and Drying on the Ammonium and Nitrite Nitrogen Transformation in Soils
Creators: name: Baligar, Virupax C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1971

description: Investigations were carried out to study the effect of alternate wetting and drying cycles on the mineralization, nitrification, and denitrification of soil nitrogen in two soils, in the presence or absence of added ammonium and nitrite. Soils were analyzed at the end of each drying cycle for total inorganic nitrogen, ammonium, and nitrite nitrogen. Gaseous products, i.e., ammonia, and the oxides of nitrogen (NO and NO2) were collected in the course of drying for determination.
The drying cycles accelerated the rate of nitrogen mineralization in both soils and further increased the oxidation of applied and available ammonium. The rate of ammonium transformation was faster in Yolo clay loam soil than in Miami silt loam.
A faster rate of nitrification was also observed in Yolo clay loam. This may be because of a higher pH of the Yolo clay loam soil. The successive drying cycles had a pronounced effect on the nitrate formation in both soils.
The extent of nitrite decomposition was inversely related to soil pH. The amount of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2) evolved were inversely related to soil pH, but significant amounts of NO and N02 were evolved from even the slightly alkaline Yolo clay loam. The loss of nitrogen oxides increased with increased number of drying cycles and, further, the losses of nitrogen increased with increase in nitrite level. The majority of the nitrogen losses from these soils may be due to the direct decomposition of nitrite and possibly slight losses due to an interaction of nitrite and ammonium ions during the course of drying the soil.
A considerable amount of nitrogen remained as undetected in treatments receiving either ammonium or nitrite or both. These losses of nitrogen apparently are other than by the release of NO, NO2, and NH3. The undetected nitrogen loss from the soil system may be either in the form of N2O or N2.
No volatile losses of ammonia were recorded from the acid Miami silt loam soil. The greatest amount of applied ammonium nitrogen volatilized as ammonia in Yolo clay loam during the initial drying cycles. The rate of ammonia volatilization increased with increase in applied ammonium concentration.
Definition of electric and magnetic fields in curved spacetime
Creators: name: Hwang, Jai-chan
name: Noh, Hyerim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Defining the electric and magnetic field vectors in curved spacetime requires a proper choice of the observer's frame four-vector. Related literature shows that this fundamental issue in physics still needs to be properly resolved. In recent literature on using electromagnetic means to detect gravitational waves, an ad hoc definition based on regarding $F_{ab}$ with two covariant indices as the special relativistic one is popular. We show that by assigning physical fields to tensor components in that way, one cannot identify the frame four-vector allowing such a choice, thus failing to properly define the external charge and current densities in that frame. We propose the normal frame as the proper one. In this frame, the weak gravity corrections appear as the effective polarizations and magnetizations in both the homogeneous and inhomogeneous parts of Maxwell equations.
description: 6 pages, no figure, published version in Annals of Physics
Seljaaju komprimeeriv ekstraduraalne metastaas
Creators: name: Kaasik, Ain-Elmar
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003

description: 64aastasel mehel tekkisid esmakordselt elus piinavad valud kaelas ning vasakus õlas ja käes. Visa valusündroomi põhjuse selgitamiseks tehtud ülisamba kaelaosa röntgeniülesvõtted tõid esile väljendunud degeneratiivsed muutused (osteokondroos ja spondüloos) alumistes kaelalülides.

Eesti Arst 2003; 82 (10): 720–721
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2003
The Role of Outflow Feedback on Accretion of Compact Objects in Accretion Disk of Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Chen, Ken
name: Ren, Jia
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact objects (COs) can exist and evolve in an active galactic nuclei (AGN) disk, triggering a series of attractive CO-related multi-messenger events around a supermassive black hole. To better understand the nature of an embedded CO and its surroundings and to investigate CO-related events more accurately, in this paper, we study the specific accretion process of a CO in an AGN disk and explore the role of outflow feedback. We show that the asymptotically isotropic outflow generated from the CO hyper-Eddington accretion would truncate the circum-CO disk and push out its surrounding gas, resulting in recurrent formation and refilling of an outflow cavity to intermittently stop the accretion. Applying this universal cyclic process to black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs), we find that, even if it is above the Eddington rate, the mass rate accreted onto a BH is dramatically reduced compared with the initial gas captured rate and thus consumes few mass of the AGN disk; outflow feedback on a NS is generally similar, but possesses complexities on the existence of a stellar magnetic field and hard surface. We demonstrate that although outflow feedback itself may be unobservable, it remarkably alters the CO evolution via reducing its mass growth rate, and the AGN disk can survive from the otherwise drastic CO accretion overlooking outflow. In addition, we discuss the potential influence of underdense cavity on CO-related events, which embodies the significant role of outflow feedback as well.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Meditsiinidoktor Helena Soomer
Creators: name: Leibur, Edvitar
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003

description: 19. juunil 2003 kaitses Tartu Ülikooli arstiteaduskonna nõukogu ees doktoriväitekirja Helena Soomer. Töö “Isiku tuvastamise ja vanuse määramise meetodite usaldatavus kohtustomatoloogias” (“Validation of identification and age estimation methods in forensic odontology”) valmis Tartu ja Helsingi Ülikoolis. Tööd juhendasid professor Edvitar Leibur TÜ stomatoloogia kliinikust ja doktor Helena Ranta (PhD) Helsingi Ülikooli
kohtumeditsiini osakonnast. Väitekirja oponeeris Irena Dawidson (PhD), kes on Rootsi Rahvusliku Kohtumeditsiini Ameti kohtuodontoloogia sektsiooni juhataja. Oponent märkis tunnustavalt töö kõrget metoodilist taset, uurimistulemuste tähtsust ning rakendatavust kohtuarstiteaduses. Nõukogu otsusega tunnistati Helena Soomer meditsiinidoktori kraadi vääriliseks, kaitsmise hindeks summa cum laude.
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2003
title: A Study of Prevalence of Sleep Apnea Among Commercial Truck Drivers [Brief]
Creators: name: Research Divison
Publisher: name: Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01jt5mq34
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2002
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91821
subject: Sleep
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/90810
subject: Apnea

description: Staying awake means staying alive. This is a slogan used to describe a research study on sleep apnea sponsored by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) and the American Transportation Research Institute of the American Trucking Associations (ATA). The research project addressed the prevalence of sleep apnea among commercial truck drivers, potential risk factors, and its impact on driving performance. This Tech Brief summarizes the project's final report, A Study of Prevalence of Sleep Apnea Among Commercial Truck Drivers.
Eesti Kardioloogide Selts 40
Creators: name: Eha, Jaan
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003

description: Tänavu septembris möödus 40 aastat Eesti Kardioloogide Seltsi (EKS) asutamisest.
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2003
Balti Dermatoveneroloogide Assotsiatsioon
Creators: name: Silm, Helgi
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003

description: Balti Dermatoveneroloogide assotsiatsioon moodustati kohe pärast Läti, Leedu ja Eesti
iseseisvumist 1991. a. Ürituse eestvedajaks oli professor Andris Rubins Riiast, kes valiti ka assotsiatsiooni presidendiks. Asepresidendiks valiti prof Herman Vahter Eestist ning prof Genovaide Lapinskaite Leedust. 2000. a septembrini oli Eesti poolseks asepresidendiks dotsent Elle Elberg ning 2000. a septembrist praeguse ajani on prof Helgi Silm
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2003
Observational constraint on axion dark matter in a realistic halo profile with gravitational waves
Creators: name: Tsutsui, Takuya
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axions are considered as a candidate of dark matter. The axions form coherent clouds which delay and amplify gravitational waves (GWs) at a resonant frequency. That is, the coherent axion clouds produce secondary GWs following a primary wave. All GWs from compact binary mergers detected so far propagate in the Milky Way halo composed of dark matter so that such GWs are followed by the secondary GWs. Since the properties of the secondary GWs depend on the axion mass and coupling with the parity violating sector of gravity, we can search for a characteristic signal produced by axions. In our previous study, we have developed a search method optimized for the axion signals, and obtained about ten times stronger constraint on the coupling than the previous best one for the axion mass range, $[1.7 \times 10^{-13},\,8.5 \times 10^{-12}]\,\mathrm{eV}$. However, in our previous search, we assume that dark matter is homogeneously distributed in the Milky Way halo, which is unrealistic. In this paper, we extend the dark matter profile to a more realistic one called the core NFW profile, and find that the constraint in our previous study is robust to the dark matter profile.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Minor English corrections
Additional file 1 of Ancient mitochondrial DNA connects house mice in the British Isles to trade across Europe over three millennia
Creators: name: García-Rodríguez, Oxala
name: Hardouin, Emilie A.
name: Hambleton, Ellen
name: Monteith, Jonathan
name: Randall, Clare
name: Richards, Martin B.
name: Ceiridwen J. Edwards
name: Stewart, John R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Archaeology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary material including Table S1, Table S2, Table S3 and Figure S1.
Higher-Order Nonlinear Anomalous Hall Effects Induced by Berry Curvature Multipoles
Creators: name: Zhang, Cheng-Ping
name: Gao, Xue-Jian
name: Xie, Ying-Ming
name: Po, Hoi Chun
name: Law, K. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, it has been shown that Berry curvature monopoles and dipoles play essential roles in the anomalous Hall effect and the nonlinear Hall effect respectively. In this work, we demonstrate that Berry curvature multipoles (the higher moments of Berry curvatures at the Fermi energy) can induce higher-order nonlinear anomalous Hall (NLAH) effect. Specifically, an AC Hall voltage perpendicular to the current direction emerges, where the frequency is an integer multiple of the frequency of the applied current. Importantly, by analyzing the symmetry properties of all the 3D and 2D magnetic point groups, we note that the quadrupole, hexapole and even higher Berry curvature moments can cause the leading-order frequency multiplication in certain materials. To provide concrete examples, we point out that the third-order NLAH voltage can be the leading-order Hall response in certain antiferromagnets due to Berry curvature quadrupoles, and the fourth-order NLAH voltage can be the leading response in the surface states of topological insulators induced by Berry curvature hexapoles. Our results are established by symmetry analysis, effective Hamiltonian and first-principles calculations. Other materials which support the higher-order NLAH effect are further proposed, including 2D antiferromagnets and ferromagnets, Weyl semimetals and twisted bilayer graphene near the quantum anomalous Hall phase.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
In the Kreisgang between classical and quantum physics
Creators: name: Brukner, Caslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All our statements about the physical world are expressed in terms of everyday notions and thus in terms of classical physics. This necessity is behind each of our attempt to extract meaning out of empirical data and to communicate this knowledge to others. As such, it must apply also to the account of measurement arrangements and to the outcome in quantum experiments. On the other hand, however, if quantum mechanics is universally valid it should be possible to give a purely quantum mechanical description of objects of increasingly large sizes, eventually of the measurement devices themselves. It is suggested to resolve this dilemma by using the method of von Weizsaecker's circular and consistent movement in a reconstruction (Kreisgang) in which it is legitimate to recover the elements with which one started the reconstruction. The parameters entering the complex amplitudes of a quantum state have an operational meaning as parameters that specify the configuration of macroscopic instruments by which the state is prepared and measured. This classical aspect in each quantum description is at the "beginning" of the Kreisgang. The Kreisgang is "closed" by showing that under the every-day conditions of coarse-grained measurements a description of macroscopic instruments emerges in terminology of classical physics and the three-dimensional ordinary space from within quantum theory.
description: 5 pages, to be published in the philosophy journal "UnoMolti" in Italian
2003. aasta Nobeli auhind füsioloogias ja meditsiinis
Creators: name: Tomberg, Tiiu
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003

description: Selle aasta Nobeli auhind määrati kahele teadlasele avastuste eest, mis viisid kaasaegse piltdiagnostilise uurimismeetodi magnetresonantstomograafia (MRT, ingl magnetic resonance imaging) väljatöötamiseni. Teineteisest sõltumatult arendasid nad 1970. aastate alguses varem tuntud tugevat magnetvälja ja kõrgsageduslikke
raadiolaineid kasutavat uuringutehnoloogiat, mis sai aluseks uuele diagnostikameetodile, mida on nüüdseks rakendatud enam kui 22 000 keskuses üle maailma.
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2003
title: The United States Marshals in Utah Territory to 1896
Creators: name: Brown, Vernal A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: In the administration of justice in the Territory of Utah the United States marshal served an important role, especially because of the conflict between Mormons and non- Mormons. The marshal was an officer of the federal court, and as such he served warrants, obtained witnesses, helped select jurors , conducted executions upon order of the court, collected the census, served as warden of the territorial penitentiary, and in addition. performed many minute and tedious duties.
While the fir s t Uni ted States marshal in Utah was Mormon, all others were non-Mormon and most were recruited from outside the territory. In general, they were capable men, though appointed out of political consideration.
During the anti-Mormon crusade, from 1874 to 1890 , the United States marshal was directly involved in prosecutions under the Anti-Bigamy Law of 1862, the Poland Act, the Edmunds and Edmunds-Tucker Act. Notwithstanding the heated controversies there were no killings by United States marshals in Utah, though there was one by a deputy marshal.
Each marshal is studied in turn, giving biographical information with an account of the main activities in which each was engaged.
Retrieval of material properties of monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides from magnetoexciton energy spectra
Creators: name: Ly, Duy-Nhat
name: Le, Dai-Nam
name: Nguyen, Duy-Anh P.
name: Hoang, Ngoc-Tram D.
name: Phan, Ngoc-Hung
name: Nguyen, Hoang-Minh L.
name: Le, Van-Hoang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reduced exciton mass, polarizability, and dielectric constant of the surrounding medium are essential properties for semiconducting materials, and they have been extracted recently from the magnetoexciton energies. However, the acceptable accuracy of the suggested method requires very high magnetic intensity. Therefore, in the present paper, we propose an alternative method of extracting these material properties from recently available experimental magnetoexciton s-state energies in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). The method is based on the high sensitivity of exciton energies to the material parameters in the Rytova-Keldysh model. It allows us to vary the considered material parameters to get the best fit of the theoretical calculation to the experimental exciton energies for the $1s$, $2s$, and $3s$ states. This procedure gives values of the exciton reduced mass and $2D$ polarizability. Then, the experimental magnetoexciton spectra compared to the theoretical calculation also determine the average dielectric constant. Concrete applications are presented only for monolayers WSe$_2$ and WS$_2$ from the recently available experimental data; however, the presented approach is universal and can be applied to other monolayer TMDCs. The mentioned fitting procedure requires a fast and effective method of solving the Schrödinger equation of an exciton in monolayer TMDCs with a magnetic field. Therefore, we also develop such a method in this paper for highly accurate magnetoexciton energies.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables; submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Magnetic evolution of superactive regions. Complexity and potentially unstable magnetic discontinuities
Creators: name: Criscuoli, S.
name: Romano, P.
name: Zuccarello, F.
name: Giorgi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we have studied the temporal evolution of some properties of a sample of superactive regions with the aim to single out the most significant for flare activity forecasting. We have investigated properties of 14 superactive regions, observed between January 1st 2000 and December 31st 2006 with MDI/SOHO instrument and characterized by a particularly intense flare activity during their passage on the solar disk. We have analyzed the temporal evolution of fractal and multifractal properties of photospheric magnetic fields, namely the generalized fractal dimension and the cntribution and dimensionality diversities, as well as the potential unstable volumes of magnetic discontinuities above the studied ARs. Correlations of these quantities with the flare index, which provides information about the flare activity of a region, have also been estimated. We found that in 50 % of our sample the generalized fractal dimension is correlated with the flare index computed over windows of 50 hours, while the contribution diversity and the dimensional diversity are anticorrelated with the same index. An increase of the potential unstable volume of magnetic discontinuities in the corona is observed before the phases characterized by more frequent and intense flares. We also found that the free energy distribution functions of unstable volumes of the analyzed superactive regions can be fitted with straight lines whose slope is larger than the values found in previous works for less active magnetic regions. The generalized fractal dimension and the potential unstable volume of magnetic discontinuities are the most suitable for statistical investigations of relations with flare activity over longer (50 hours) and shorter (few hours) time intervals, respectively.
Entropy collapse versus entropy rigidity for Reeb and Finsler flows
Creators: name: Abbondandolo, Alberto
name: Alves, Marcelo R. R.
name: Saglam, Murat
name: Schlenk, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: On every closed contact manifold there exist contact forms with volume one whose Reeb flows have arbitrarily small topological entropy. In contrast, for many closed manifolds there is a uniform positive lower bound for the topological entropy of (not necessarily reversible) normalized Finsler geodesic flows.
description: minor corrections and two preprints added
Erialane tsiviilvastutuskindlustus Eesti Arstide Liidu liikmetele
Creators: name: Rehemaa, Katrin
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003

description: Vajadus arstide vastutuskindlustuse järele tekkis seoses võlaõigusseaduse jõustumisega 2002. a suvel. Esimesed vastutuskindlustuslepingud sõlmisid Tallinna ja Tartu Arstide Liit sama aasta sügisel, ülejäänud arstide liidu liikmed said kindlustuse käesoleva aasta algusest. Kindlustajaks oli ERGO Kindlustus. Kevadel otsustas EAL volikogu, et edaspidi sõlmitakse üks ühine kindlustusleping kõigile Eesti Arstide Liidu liikmetele. Vaagides eri kindlustusseltside tingimusi, leidis eestseisus, et otstarbekas on vahetada kindlustusandjat ja sõlmida leping If Eesti Kindlustusega.
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2003
Optimality of non-conservative driving for finite-time processes with discrete states
Creators: name: Remlein, Benedikt
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An optimal finite-time process drives a given initial distribution to a given final one in a given time at the lowest cost as quantified by total entropy production. We prove that for system with discrete states this optimal process involves non-conservative driving, i.e., a genuine driving affinity, in contrast to the case of system with continuous states. In a multicyclic network, the optimal driving affinity is bounded by the number of states within each cycle. If the driving affects forward and backwards rates non-symmetrically, the bound additionally depends on a structural parameter characterizing this asymmetry.
description: 5+8 pages, 2+2 figures
Evaluation of research and evolution of science indicators
Creators: name: Leydesdorff, Loet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whereas the research program of the measurement of scientific communications emerged in a context where the delineations among academia, government, and industry were institutionalized, the systemic development of these relations during the second half of the 20th century has changed the system of reference for the evaluation of research. In a knowledge-based economy science fulfills functions that change the definitions of what is considered research and globalization has changed the relevance of national systems of reference. Science, of course, has been internationally oriented from its very beginning, but the entrainment of the research process in these global developments is reflected in the research evaluation and the scientometric measurement. In other words, the systems under study have become more complex. A complex dynamics can analytically be decomposed in several subdynamics. The evolving systems and subsystems communicate in different dimensions and the evaluation has become part of the codification of these communications.
Eesti arstid Maailma Arstide Liidu üldkogul
Creators: name: Oro, Indrek
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2003

description: 10.–14. septembrini võõrustas Soome Arstide Liit Helsingis Maailma Arstide Liidu (World Medical Association, WMA) peaassambleed. Esinduslik aastakoosolek toimus Helsingis teist korda. Esmakordselt peeti WMA peaassamblee Soome pealinnas 1964. aastal. Toona kujunes sellest ajalooline sündmus seoses arstiteaduslike inimuuringute eetiliste normide ehk Helsingi deklaratsiooni heakskiitmisega. Eestist oli Soome Arstide Liit kutsunud vaatlejana kohale kaks esindajat: Eesti Arstide Liidu presidendi Andres Korgi ja allakirjutanu.
description: Eesti Arst, Oktoober 2003
Black holes surrounded by generic dark matter profiles: appearance and gravitational-wave emission
Creators: name: Figueiredo, Enzo
name: Maselli, Andrea
name: Cardoso, Vitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a numerical approach to find asymptotically flat black hole solutions coupled to anisotropic fluids, described by generic density profiles. Our model allows for a variety of applications in realistic astrophysical scenarios, and is potentially able to describe the geometry of galaxies hosting supermassive black holes, dark matter environments and accretion phenomena. We apply our framework to a black hole surrounded by different families of dark matter profiles, namely the Hernquist, the Navarro-Frenk White and the Einasto models. We study the geodesic motion of light and of massive particles in such spacetimes. Moreover we compute gravitational axial perturbations induced by a small secondary on the numerical background, and determine the changes in the emitted gravitational wave fluxes compared to the vacuum case. Our analysis confirms and extend previous studies showing that modifications of orbital frequencies and axial fluxes can be described in terms of gravitational-redshift, regardless of the halo model.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures