cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enumeration of Rational Cuspidal Curves via the WDVV equation
Creators: name: Biswas, Indranil
name: Choudhury, Apratim
name: Mukherjee, Ritwik
name: Paul, Anantadulal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N35, 14J45

description: We give a conjectural formula for the characteristic number of rational cuspidal curves in the projective plane by extending the idea of Kontsevich's recursion formula (namely, pulling back the equality of two divisors in the four pointed moduli space). The key geometric input that is needed here is that in the closure of rational cuspidal curves, there are two component rational curves which are tangent to each other at the nodal point. While this fact is geometrically quite believable, we haven't as yet proved it; hence our formula is for the moment conjectural. The answers that we obtain agree with what has been computed earlier Ran, Pandharipande, Zinger and Ernstrom and Kennedy. We extend this technique (modulo another conjecture) to obtain the characteristic number of rational quartics with an E6 singularity.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Comments are welcome. Made some changes to the exposition
Additional file 1 of Supra-additive effect of chronic inflammation and atherogenic dyslipidemia on developing type 2 diabetes among young adults: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Lan, Yulong
name: Wu, Dan
name: Cai, Zhiwei
name: Xu, Yuancheng
name: Ding, Xiong
name: Wu, Weiqiang
name: Lan, Shaocong
name: Chen, Lan
name: Guo, Zheng
name: Balmer, Lois
name: Li, Xingang
name: Song, Manshu
name: Wu, Shouling
name: Gao, Jingli
name: Wang, Wei
name: Chen, Youren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Numbers of participations in the follow-up period. Abbreviation: No. number. Table S2. Age-associated risk of CumAIP (quartiles) for type 2 diabetes. Table S3. Age-associated risk of CumCRP thresholds (1,3 mg/L) for type 2 diabetes. Table S4. CumAIP-associated type 2 diabetes risks across different CumCRP strata (<1,1–3,≥3 mg/L). Table S5. Age-associated risk of co-exposure to CumAIP and CumCRP for incident type 2 diabetes. Table S6. Age-associated risk of co-exposure to CumCRP and CumAIP for type 2 diabetes (reference group: CumAIP<− 0.0699 and 1≤ CumCRP <3 mg/L). Table S7. Age-associated risk of co-exposure to CumCRP and CumAIP for type 2 diabetes (reference group: CumAIP≥− 0.0699 and CumCRP≥3 mg/L). Table S8. Age-associated risk of co-exposure to CumCRP and CumAIP for type 2 diabetes (reference group: CumAIP≥− 0.0699 and 1≤CumCRP<3 mg/L). Table S9. Additive effect of elevated chronic inflammation and dyslypidemia on developing type 2 diabetes. Table S10. Sensitivity analysis of age-associated risks of co-exposure of CumCRP and CumAIP for type 2 diabetes by additional adjustment for baseline fatty liver degree (3987/42925). Table S11. Reverse analysis of age-associated risk of co-exposure to CumCRP and CumAIP for type 2 diabetes by excluding diabetes onset within the first follow-up visit (2492/41430). Table S12. Sensitivity analysis of age-associated risks of co-exposure of CumCRP and CumAIP for type 2 diabetes by excluding baseline CVD (3719/40713). Table S13. Sensitivity analysis of age-associated risks of co-exposure of CumCRP and CumAIP for type 2 diabetes by excluding impaired fasting glucose in exposure period (2061/35287). Table S14. Sensitivity analysis of age (<40,40–49,50–59,60–69,≥70)-associated risks of co-exposure of CumCRP and CumAIP for type 2 diabetes on raw data (3977/42807). Table S15. Sensitivity analysis of age(<45, 45–64,≥65)-associated risks of co-exposure of CumCRP and CumAIP for type 2 diabetes on raw data (3977/42807). Fig S1. Strategy of the study design. Fig S2. Flowchart of the study participants. Fig S3. Kaplan‒Meier curves of cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes with the co-exposure subgroups in the entire cohort and across age subgroups
WASP-10b: a 3M_J, gas-giant planet transiting a late-type K star
Creators: name: Christian, D. J.
name: Gibson, N. P.
name: Simpson, E. K.
name: Street, R. A.
name: Skillen, I.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Cameron, A. Collier
name: Joshi, Y. C.
name: Keenan, F. P.
name: Stempels, H. C.
name: Haswell, C. A.
name: Horne, K.
name: Anderson, D. R.
name: Bentley, S.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Clarkson, W. I.
name: Enoch, B.
name: Hebb, L.
name: Hébrard, G.
name: Hellier, C.
name: Irwin, J.
name: Kane, S. R.
name: Lister, T. A.
name: Loeillet, B.
name: Maxted, P.
name: Mayor, M.
name: McDonald, I.
name: Moutou, C.
name: Norton, A. J.
name: Parley, N.
name: Pont, F.
name: Queloz, D.
name: Ryans, R.
name: Smalley, B.
name: Smith, A. M. S.
name: Todd, I.
name: Udry, S.
name: West, R. G.
name: Wheatley, P. J.
name: Wilson, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of WASP-10b, a new transiting extrasolar planet (ESP) discovered by the WASP Consortium and confirmed using NOT FIES and SOPHIE radial velocity data. A 3.09 day period, 29 mmag transit depth, and 2.36 hour duration are derived for WASP-10b using WASP and high precision photometric observations. Simultaneous fitting to the photometric and radial velocity data using a Markov-chain Monte Carlo procedure leads to a planet radius of 1.28R_J, a mass of 2.96M_J and eccentricity of ~0.06. WASP-10b is one of the more massive transiting ESPs, and we compare its characteristics to the current sample of transiting ESP, where there is currently little information for masses greater than ~2M_J and non-zero eccentricities. WASP-10's host star, GSC 2752-00114 (USNO-B1.0 1214-0586164) is among the fainter stars in the WASP sample, with V=12.7 and a spectral type of K5. This result shows promise for future late-type dwarf star surveys.
description: 6 Pages, 3 Figures, 3 Tables, accepted in MNRAS
Momentum-space modulated symmetries in the Luttinger liquid
Creators: name: Chaduteau, Alexandre
name: Raess, Nyan
name: Davenport, Henry
name: Schindler, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral Luttinger liquid develops quantum chaos as soon as a -- however slight -- nonlinear dispersion is introduced for the microscopic electronic degrees of freedom. For this nonlinear version of the model, we identify an infinite family of translation-invariant interaction potentials with corresponding modulated symmetries. These symmetries are highly unconventional: they are modulated in momentum space (and do not seem to have an easy physical interpretation). We develop a systematic understanding of these symmetries and study the resulting blocks in the Hamiltonian. In particular, this approach allows us to predict the analytic Hamiltonian block sizes and derive asymptotic scaling laws in the limit of large total momentum. These blocks are reminiscent of Hilbert space fragmentation in that, even though they are labeled by a symmetry, this symmetry is highly nonlocal and does not have a simple interpretation. We corroborate this result by studying entanglement entropy and level statistics.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Youth analysis of near infrared spectra of young low-mass stars and brown dwarfs
Creators: name: Almendros-Abad, V.
name: Mužić, K.
name: Moitinho, A.
name: Krone-Martins, A.
name: Kubiak, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim at building a method that efficiently identifies young low-mass stars and brown dwarfs from low-resolution near-infrared spectra, by studying gravity-sensitive features and their evolution with age. We built a dataset composed of all publicly available ($\sim$2800) near-infrared spectra of dwarfs with spectral types between M0 and L3. First, we investigate methods for the derivation of the spectral type and extinction using comparison to spectral templates, and various spectral indices. Then, we examine gravity-sensitive spectral indices and apply machine learning methods, in order to efficiently separate young ($\lesssim$10 Myr) objects from the field. Using a set of six spectral indices for spectral typing, including two newly defined ones (TLI-J and TLI-K), we are able to achieve a precision below 1 spectral subtype across the entire spectral type range. We define a new gravity-sensitive spectral index (TLI-g) that consistently separates young from field objects, showing a performance superior to other indices from the literature. Even better separation between the two classes can be achieved through machine learning methods which use the entire NIR spectra as an input. Moreover, we show that the H- and K-bands alone are enough for this purpose. Finally, we evaluate the relative importance of different spectral regions for gravity classification as returned by the machine learning models. We find that the H-band broad-band shape is the most relevant feature, followed by the FeH absorption bands at 1.2 $μm$ and 1.24 $μm$ and the KI doublet at 1.24 $μm$.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures. Accepted by A&A, SINFONI spectroscopic data will be made public on Vizier upon publication
Designing Reliable Virtualized Radio Access Networks
Creators: name: Usubütün, Ufuk
name: Gomes, André
name: Narayanan, Shankaranarayanan Puzhavakath
name: Hiltunen, Matti
name: Panwar, Shivendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As virtualization of Radio Access Networks (RAN) gains momentum, understanding the impact of hardware and software disaggregation on resiliency becomes critical to meet the high availability requirements of mobile networks. Our paper presents an analytical model, using continuous time Markov chains, to study the impact of virtualization and disaggregation on RAN availability. Our evaluation, assuming typical parameter value ranges for failure and recovery rates, points to containerized platform reliability as a constraint on vRAN availability. We also find that with active-passive replication, increasing hardware replication factor beyond 2 may not bring any benefits unless failover times are reduced. We also compare the reliability of centralized and distributed virtualized central units.
description: 7 pages, To appear at IEEE Globecom 2024
Statistical thermodynamics of a two dimensional relativistic gas
Creators: name: Montakhab, Afshin
name: Ghodrat, Malihe
name: Barati, Mahmood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we study a fully relativistic model of a two dimensional hard-disk gas. This model avoids the general problems associated with relativistic particle collisions and is therefore an ideal system to study relativistic effects in statistical thermodynamics. We study this model using molecular-dynamics simulation, concentrating on the velocity distribution functions. We obtain results for $x$ and $y$ components of velocity in the rest frame ($Γ$) as well as the moving frame ($Γ'$). Our results confirm that Jüttner distribution is the correct generalization of Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. We obtain the same "temperature" parameter $β$ for both frames consistent with a recent study of a limited one-dimensional model. We also address the controversial topic of temperature transformation. We show that while local thermal equilibrium holds in the moving frame, relying on statistical methods such as distribution functions or equipartition theorem are ultimately inconclusive in deciding on a correct temperature transformation law (if any).
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Few-Shot Fine-Grained Action Recognition via Bidirectional Attention and Contrastive Meta-Learning
Creators: name: Wang, Jiahao
name: Wang, Yunhong
name: Liu, Sheng
name: Li, Annan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fine-grained action recognition is attracting increasing attention due to the emerging demand of specific action understanding in real-world applications, whereas the data of rare fine-grained categories is very limited. Therefore, we propose the few-shot fine-grained action recognition problem, aiming to recognize novel fine-grained actions with only few samples given for each class. Although progress has been made in coarse-grained actions, existing few-shot recognition methods encounter two issues handling fine-grained actions: the inability to capture subtle action details and the inadequacy in learning from data with low inter-class variance. To tackle the first issue, a human vision inspired bidirectional attention module (BAM) is proposed. Combining top-down task-driven signals with bottom-up salient stimuli, BAM captures subtle action details by accurately highlighting informative spatio-temporal regions. To address the second issue, we introduce contrastive meta-learning (CML). Compared with the widely adopted ProtoNet-based method, CML generates more discriminative video representations for low inter-class variance data, since it makes full use of potential contrastive pairs in each training episode. Furthermore, to fairly compare different models, we establish specific benchmark protocols on two large-scale fine-grained action recognition datasets. Extensive experiments show that our method consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance across evaluated tasks.
description: Accepted in ACM Multimedia 2021
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Palumbo, Francesca
name: Bispo, João
name: Cherubin, Stefano
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Computer systems organization → Multicore architectures
subject: Computer systems organization → Reconfigurable computing
subject: Software and its engineering → Runtime environments

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: OASIcs, Vol. 100, 13th Workshop on Parallel Programming and Run-Time Management Techniques for Many-Core Architectures and 11th Workshop on Design Tools and Architectures for Multicore Embedded Computing Platforms (PARMA-DITAM 2022), pages 0:i-0:viii
Surface charge properties of selected soils
Creators: name: Hendershot, William Hamilton
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The aim of this thesis was to examine the use of surface charge characteristics as a measure of pedogenic development in selected soils of the humid, temperate environment of southwestern British Columbia. A secondary objective, using a wider range of soil types, was to gain further knowledge of the factors which influence the values of ZPC (the zero point of charge) and σi (its displacement from the zero point of titration, ZPT), so that these measurements might be better understood. Measurement techniques, using potentiometric titration, have a significant effect on the values of ZPC and σi obtained in the laboratory. The fast-adsorption procedure measures the fast reaction taking place at the particle surface, while the slow-adsorption procedure measures the additional slow reaction resulting from the incorporation of H⁺ and OH⁻ ions into the structure of oxide coatings. Therefore the values obtained using the slow-adsorption procedure result in higher ZPC values and lower σi values than the fast-adsorption procedure. NaCl-saturation of the exchange complex prior to titration results in the exchange of strongly bonded ions such as Al³⁺ and P0₄³⁻ and thus alters the properties of the surface. In the case of untreated samples with ZPC values below pH 5.0 and σi values less than -0.2 meq/l00g there was a shift to lower ZPC and σi values; if the values for the untreated samples were above this, then the shift was in the opposite direction. The fast-adsorption method using untreated samples is therefore considered to be the most accurate means of measuring the surface charge properties as they exist in the field. Indirect evidence suggested that the presence of organic matter caused a decrease in the ZPC and σi values. This evidence is in the form of simple correlation coefficients between organic C and σi. The results of partial correlation analysis removing the effect of organic matter indicate strong relationships between ZPC and soil age and also between σi and soil age. Evidence of this relationship is also supported by direct measurement. The removal of a portion of the organic matter using a pretreatment of Na0Cl resulted in a significant increase in both the ZPC and values. Potentiometric titration is a useful measure of surface charge characteristics and of soil genesis. In soils with large amounts of clay minerals, as the sesquioxide content increased the ZPC became better defined and moved to a higher pH and σi approached zero. In sandy soils, the values of ZPC and σi are only significantly related to soil age when the effect of soil organic matter content has been eliminated. On the other hand, the ΔpH value, defined as the difference between ZPC and pH(KCl), compensates for differences in organic matter and provides a good indicator of the extent of soil development.
The young protostellar disk in IRAS16293-2422 B is hot and shows signatures of gravitational instability
Creators: name: Zamponi, Joaquin
name: Maureira, María José
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Liu, Hauyu Baobab
name: Ilee, John D.
name: Forgan, Duncan
name: Caselli, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deeply embedded protostars are actively fed from their surrounding envelopes through their protostellar disk. The physical structure of such early disks might be different from that of more evolved sources due to the active accretion. We present 1.3 and 3\,mm ALMA continuum observations at resolutions of 6.5\,au and 12\,au respectively, towards the Class 0 source IRAS 16293-2422 B. The resolved brightness temperatures appear remarkably high, with $T_{\rm b} >$ 100\,K within $\sim$30\,au and $T_{\rm b}$ peak over 400\,K at 3\,mm. Both wavelengths show a lopsided emission with a spectral index reaching values less than 2 in the central $\sim$ 20\,au region. We compare these observations with a series of radiative transfer calculations and synthetic observations of magnetohydrodynamic and radiation hydrodynamic protostellar disk models formed after the collapse of a dense core. Based on our results, we argue that the gas kinematics within the disk may play a more significant role in heating the disk than the protostellar radiation. In particular, our radiation hydrodynamic simulation of disk formation, including heating sources associated with gravitational instabilities, is able to generate the temperatures necessary to explain the high fluxes observed in IRAS 16293B. Besides, the low spectral index values are naturally reproduced by the high optical depth and high inner temperatures of the protostellar disk models. The high temperatures in IRAS 16293B imply that volatile species are mostly in the gas phase, suggesting that a self-gravitating disk could be at the origin of a hot corino.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Helping You Improve Development Productivity and Software Sustainability: An Overview of the IDEAS Productivity Project
Creators: name: Bernholdt, David E.
name: Dubey, Anshu
name: Heroux, Michael A.
name: O'Neal, Jared
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Software engineering
computational science and engineering
software productivity
software sustainability

description: The IDEAS Productivity project (https://ideas-productivity.org) was established to help address challenges to software productivity and sustainability driven by the confluence of demands for predictive multiscale and multiphysics simulations, analysis, and design in computational science and engineering (CSE) and rapid and significant changes in the architectures of high-end computing systems (HPC).

IDEAS focuses on improving scientific productivity by qualitatively improving developer productivity (positively impacting product quality, development time, and staffing resources) and software sustainability (reducing the cost of maintaining, sustaining, and evolving software capabilities in the future)—thereby enabling a fundamentally different attitude to creating and supporting CSE applications.

We are working within the broader CSE/HPC community to help create an extreme-scale scientific software development ecosystem composed of high-quality, reusable CSE software components and libraries; a collection of best practices, processes, and tools; and substantial outreach mechanisms for promoting and disseminating productivity improvements.  We intend to improve CSE productivity by enabling better, faster and cheaper CSE application capabilities for extreme-scale computing.

This poster will provide an overview of the IDEAS project’s approach and activities, how you can benefit from this work, and how you can contribute to its further advancement

Presented at:

	PASC19, Zurich, Switzerland
	ISC 2019, Frankfurt, Germany

Note: the Zenodo previewer does not render the poster properly.  Please download and view the actual PDF file instead.
description: This research was supported by the Exascale Computing Project (17-SC-20-SC), a collaborative effort of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science and the National Nuclear Security Administration.
Matching the frequency spectrum of PMS stars by means of standard and rotating models
Creators: name: Di Criscienzo, M.
name: Ventura, P.
name: Antona, F. D'
name: Marconi, M.
name: Ruoppo, A.
name: Ripepi, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We applied the ATON code to the computation of detailed grids of standard (non--rotating) and rotating Pre--Main Sequence (PMS) models and computed their adiabatic oscillation spectra,with the aim of exploring the seismic properties of young stars. We adopt a method similar to the matching mode method by Guenther and Brown making use, when necessary, also of our rotating evolutionary code to compute the models for PMS stars. The method is described by a preliminary application to the frequency spectrum of two PMS stars (85 and 278) in the young open cluster NGC 6530. For the Star 85 we confirm, with self--consistent rotating models, previous interpretation of the data, attributing three close frequencies to the mode n=4, l=1 and m=0,+1,--1. For the Star 278 we find a different fit for the frequencies, corresponding to a model within the original error box of the star, and dispute the possibility thatthis star has an effective temperature much cooler that the red boundary of the radial instability strip.
description: 9pages, 2 tables, 6 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
'They're creepy creatures with human-like features': children's experiences of visual hallucinations in Charles Bonnet syndrome-a qualitative study.
Creators: name: Jones, Lee
name: Ditzel-Finn, Lara
name: McDonald, Leanne
name: Moosajee, Mariya
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: Stem Cells
subject: Stem Cells
classificationCode: Gene Expression
subject: Gene Expression
classificationCode: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Genetics & Genomics
classificationCode: Developmental Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
classificationCode: Neurosciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms

description: OBJECTIVE: Charles Bonnet syndrome (CBS) refers to the presence of visual hallucinations occurring secondary to visual impairment. The aim of this study was to understand the phenomenology of CBS in children and assess the emotional impact and support needs of patients and their families. DESIGN: Semistructured qualitative interview study. SETTING: UK. PARTICIPANTS: Children (7-15 years) with an inherited retinal disease living with CBS and their parents. RESULTS: 10 participants were recruited from six families (dyadic interviews n=4; parent-only interviews n=2). Thematic analysis identified five superordinate themes relating to experiences of CBS: (1) diagnosis journey, (2) hallucination phenomenology, (3) impact of hallucinations, (4) understanding and managing hallucinations and (5) experiences of support. The impact of CBS was broad and heterogenous, causing significant disruption to patients' daily life. Limited awareness led to parents expressing largely negative healthcare experiences. Overall, the extent of knowledge and understanding of CBS was an indicator of successful self-management of the condition. CONCLUSIONS: The journey towards understanding and managing CBS for both parents and children is challenging. Although coping strategies can lead to improved adjustment, visual hallucinations compounded the difficulty of living with a chronic visual impairment. Healthcare providers have an integral role in ensuring patients and families are effectively supported to allay fears and promote psychological well-being.
On the Effectiveness of Neural Operators at Zero-Shot Weather Downscaling
Creators: name: Sinha, Saumya
name: Benton, Brandon
name: Emami, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning (ML) methods have shown great potential for weather downscaling. These data-driven approaches provide a more efficient alternative for producing high-resolution weather datasets and forecasts compared to physics-based numerical simulations. Neural operators, which learn solution operators for a family of partial differential equations (PDEs), have shown great success in scientific ML applications involving physics-driven datasets. Neural operators are grid-resolution-invariant and are often evaluated on higher grid resolutions than they are trained on, i.e., zero-shot super-resolution. Given their promising zero-shot super-resolution performance on dynamical systems emulation, we present a critical investigation of their zero-shot weather downscaling capabilities, which is when models are tasked with producing high-resolution outputs using higher upsampling factors than are seen during training. To this end, we create two realistic downscaling experiments with challenging upsampling factors (e.g., 8x and 15x) across data from different simulations: the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis version 5 (ERA5) and the Wind Integration National Dataset Toolkit (WTK). While neural operator-based downscaling models perform better than interpolation and a simple convolutional baseline, we show the surprising performance of an approach that combines a powerful transformer-based model with parameter-free interpolation at zero-shot weather downscaling. We find that this Swin-Transformer-based approach mostly outperforms models with neural operator layers in terms of average error metrics, whereas an Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network (ESRGAN)-based approach is better than most models in terms of capturing the physics of the ground truth data. We suggest their use in future work as strong baselines.
No Radial Excitations in Low Energy QCD. I. Diquarks and Classification of Mesons
Creators: name: Friedmann, Tamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new schematic model for mesons in which the building blocks are quarks and flavor-antisymmetric diquarks. The outcome is a new classification of the entire meson spectrum into quark-antiquark and diquark-antidiquark states which does not give rise to a radial quantum number: all mesons which have so far been believed to be radially excited are orbitally excited diquark-antidiquark states; similarly, there are no radially excited baryons. Further, mesons that were previously viewed as "exotic" are no longer exotic as they are now naturally integrated into the classification as diquark-antidiquark states. The classification also leads to the introduction of isorons (iso-hadrons), which are analogs of atomic isotopes, and their magic quantum numbers, which are analogs of the magic numbers of the nuclear shell model. The magic quantum numbers of isorons match the quantum numbers expected for low-lying glueballs in lattice QCD. We observe that interquark forces in mesons behave substantially differently from those in baryons: qualitatively, they are color-magnetic in mesons but color-electrostatic in baryons. We comment on potential models and the hydrogen atom. The implications of our results for confinement, asymptotic freedom, and a new set of relations between two fundamental properties of hadrons - their size and their energy - are discussed in our companion paper [arXiv:0910.2231].
description: 40 pages, references added, minor revisions, to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C
T. W. Morris House
Creators: name: Weber, Harvey A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures
Dwellings

description: This image shows a front exterior view of the T. W. Morris House located on Hither Lane. This image was taken by photographer Harvey A. Weber (1917-1991) and is part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
Examining Roles, Support, and Experiences of Community Health Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Bangladesh: A Mixed Methods Study
Creators: name: Roy, Shongkour
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Health Care

description: Introduction: Understanding community health workers’ (CHWs) experiences of sustaining routine health care promotion and provision activities as well as their challenges in adopting new responsibilities within a dynamic context is critical. This study explored the roles and perspectives of CHWs within the government-led coronavirus disease (COVID-19) community
 health response in Bangladesh.
 Methods: We conducted a mixed methods study to explore the government’s response to COVID-19 and its association with community health programming through a telephone-based survey of 370 government-employed CHWs. We also conducted 28 in-depth interviews with policy makers, program managers, CHW supervisors, and
 CHWs. We conducted exploratory and regression analysis of survey data and qualitative analysis of interview data.
 Results: The majority of CHWs reported receiving training related to COVID-19, including community-based prevention strategies from government and nongovernment stakeholders. Access to infection prevention supplies differed significantly by CHW cadre, and perspectives on the provision of adequate supplies varied qualita-
 tively. CHWs reported slight decreases in routine work across all health areas early in the pandemic, and a majority reported added COVID-19-related responsibilities as the pandemic continued, in-cluding advising on signs/symptoms in their communities and re-
 ferring suspected cases of COVID-19 for advanced facility care.
 Regression analyses showed that government support and integration of CHWs into their response—particularly being trained on COVID-19—predicted CHW capacity to advise communities on symptoms and provide routine services.
 Discussion: Government-employed CHWs in Bangladesh continued to provide health education and routine services in their communities despite pandemic- and response-related challenges. Varied support and differential CHW cadre-specific effects on COVID-19 awareess building in the community, referral, and routine service provi-
 sion merit attention in Bangladesh’s pluralistic community health system. While COVID-19 infection and government-mandated lock- downs restricted CHW mobility, the workers’ capacity to continue service provision and education can be leveraged in vaccination and surveillance efforts moving forward.
Vertical, Temporal, and Horizontal Scaling of Hierarchical Hypersparse GraphBLAS Matrices
Creators: name: Kepner, Jeremy
name: Davis, Tim
name: Byun, Chansup
name: Arcand, William
name: Bestor, David
name: Bergeron, William
name: Gadepally, Vijay
name: Hubbell, Matthew
name: Houle, Michael
name: Jones, Michael
name: Klein, Anna
name: Milechin, Lauren
name: Mullen, Julie
name: Prout, Andrew
name: Reuther, Albert
name: Rosa, Antonio
name: Samsi, Siddharth
name: Yee, Charles
name: Michaleas, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hypersparse matrices are a powerful enabler for a variety of network, health, finance, and social applications. Hierarchical hypersparse GraphBLAS matrices enable rapid streaming updates while preserving algebraic analytic power and convenience. In many contexts, the rate of these updates sets the bounds on performance. This paper explores hierarchical hypersparse update performance on a variety of hardware with identical software configurations. The high-level language bindings of the GraphBLAS readily enable performance experiments on simultaneous diverse hardware. The best single process performance measured was 4,000,000 updates per second. The best single node performance measured was 170,000,000 updates per second. The hardware used spans nearly a decade and allows a direct comparison of hardware improvements for this computation over this time range; showing a 2x increase in single-core performance, a 3x increase in single process performance, and a 5x increase in single node performance. Running on nearly 2,000 MIT SuperCloud nodes simultaneously achieved a sustained update rate of over 200,000,000,000 updates per second. Hierarchical hypersparse GraphBLAS allows the MIT SuperCloud to analyze extremely large streaming network data sets.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 32 references, accepted to IEEE HPEC 2021. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2001.06935
DIS on a Large Nucleus in AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Albacete, Javier L.
name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
name: Taliotis, Anastasios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the total cross section for deep inelastic scattering (DIS) on a nucleus at high energy for a strongly coupled N=4 super Yang-Mills theory using AdS/CFT correspondence. In analogy to the small coupling case we argue that at high energy the total DIS cross section is related to the expectation value of the Wilson loop formed by the quark-antiquark dipole. We model the nucleus by a metric of a shock wave in AdS_5. We then calculate the expectation value of the Wilson loop by finding the extrema of the Nambu-Goto action for an open string attached to the quark and antiquark lines of the loop in the background of an AdS_5 shock wave. We find three extrema of the Nambu-Goto action: the string coordinates at the extrema are complex-valued and are given by three different branches of the solution of a cubic equation. The physically meaningful solutions for the total DIS cross section are given either by the only branch with a purely imaginary string coordinate in the bulk or by a superposition of the two other branches. For both solutions we obtain the forward scattering amplitude N for the quark dipole-nucleus scattering. We study the onset of unitarity with increasing center-of-mass energy and transverse size of the dipole: we observe that for both solutions the saturation scale, while energy-dependent at lower energies, at very high energy becomes independent of energy/Bjorken-x. The saturation scale depends very strongly on the atomic number of the nucleus as Q_s ~ A^{1/3}.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures; v2: minor typos corrected, references added; v3: addendum included
Dark stars: Implications and constraints from cosmic reionization and extragalactic background radiation
Creators: name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Banerjee, Robi
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark stars powered by dark matter annihilation have been proposed as the first luminous sources in the universe. These stars are believed to form in the central dark matter cusp of low-mass minihalos. Recent calculations indicate stellar masses up to \sim1000 solar masses and/or have very long lifetimes. The UV photons from these objects could therefore contribute significantly to cosmic reionization. Here we show that such dark star models would require a somewhat artificial reionization history, based on a double-reionization phase and a late star-burst near redshift $z\sim6$, in order to fulfill the WMAP constraint on the optical depth as well as the Gunn-Peterson constraint at $z\sim6$. This suggests that, if dark stars were common in the early universe, then models are preferred which predict a number of UV photons similar to conventional Pop. III stars. This excludes dark stars with 100 solar masses that enter a main-sequence phase and other models that lead to a strong increase in the number of UV photons. We also derive constraints for massive as well as light dark matter candidates from the observed X-ray, gamma-ray and neutrino background, considering dark matter profiles which have been steepened during the formation of dark stars. This increases the clumping factor at high redshift and gives rise to a higher dark matter annihilation rate in the early universe. We furthermore estimate the potential contribution from the annihilation products in the remnants of dark stars, which may provide a promising path to constrain such models further, but which is currently still uncertain.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted at PRD
First image-guided treatment of a mouse tumor with radioactive ion beams
Creators: name: Boscolo, Daria
name: Lovatti, Giulio
name: Sokol, Olga
name: Vitacchio, Tamara
name: Evangelista, Francesco
name: Haettner, Emma
name: Tinganelli, Walter
name: Graeff, Christian
name: Weber, Uli
name: Schuy, Christoph
name: Nitta, Munetaka
name: Moglioni, Martina
name: Kostyleva, Daria
name: Purushothaman, Sivaji
name: Thirolf, Peter G.
name: Bortfeldt, Jonathan
name: Scheidenberger, Christoph
name: Parodi, Katia
name: Durante, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radioactive ion beams (RIB) are a key focus of current research in nuclear physics. Already long ago it was proposed that they could have applications in cancer therapy. In fact, while charged particle therapy is potentially the most effective radiotherapy technique available, it is highly susceptible to uncertainties in the beam range. RIB are well-suited for image-guided particle therapy, as isotopes that undergo \b{eta}+-decay can be precisely visualized using positron emission tomography (PET), enabling accurate real-time monitoring of the beam range. We successfully treated a mouse osteosarcoma using a radioactive 11C-ion beam. The tumor was located in the neck, in close proximity to the spinal cord, increasing the risk of radiation-induced myelopathy from even slight variations in the beam range caused by anatomical changes or incorrect calibration of the planning CT. We managed to completely control the tumor with the highest dose while minimizing toxicity. Low-grade neurological side effects were correlated to the positron activity measured in the spine. The biological washout of the activity from the tumor volume was dependent on the dose, indicating a potential component of vascular damage at high doses. This experiment marks the first instance of tumor treatment using RIB and paves the way for future clinical applications.
description: 56 pages, 13 figures, supplements. Video supplements available on request
Food in the floodplain? Exploring the potential to grow food and racial equity on Austin’s floodplain buyout lands
Creators: name: Albornoz, Sara Belén
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Floodplain buyouts
Planned retreat
Racial equity
Social equity
Sustainable agriculture
Community gardens
Food forests
Regenerative agriculture
Urban agriculture
Green infrastructure
Environmental gentrification
Green gentrification
Climate change
Environmental justice
Austin
Municipal government

description: As climate change unfolds, municipal governments like the City of Austin, Texas are using voluntary floodplain buyouts—a form of planned retreat—as a strategy to move residents out of hazard-prone areas. As a result of buyouts, city governments become stewards of vacant, publicly owned lands that cannot be developed, and face decisions about how to use them. Governments have the opportunity to repurpose buyout lands into community amenities, such as sustainable agriculture projects, that can generate an array of social and ecological benefits. In deciding how to repurpose buyout lands, however, governments have a responsibility to pay special attention to the implications of their actions for racial equity. Racial equity matters in this context because communities of color are being disproportionately impacted by both climate change impacts and planned retreat, and because the creation of green amenities in historically disinvested neighborhoods has the potential to spur gentrification and displacement. This professional report explores the questions: 1) Are sustainable agriculture projects a viable use for public, urban floodplain buyout lands? and 2) How can municipal governments pursue such projects in a way that prioritizes racial equity? I address these questions through a case study of a specific prospective agriculture site on City of Austin-owned floodplain buyout land in the Lower Onion Creek buyout area, which is located in the historically Latinx, climate impacted Southeast Austin neighborhood of Dove Springs. Using an environmental justice framework and a mixed-methods approach, I evaluate the likelihood that the conditions that sustainable agriculture projects require for success can be met at the prospective site, in light of the site’s physical characteristics and propensity for flooding; safety considerations; and regulatory and environmental constraints. Drawing insights from Dove Springs community leaders and subject matter experts, I discuss how the planning and implementation of a sustainable agriculture project at the prospective site could be carried out in a way that advances racial equity and environmental justice. Finally, I present recommendations for concrete next steps the City of Austin can take to move this project forward while prioritizing equity and justice.
Determining the Anisotropic Exchange Coupling of CrO_2 via First-Principles Density Functional Theory Calculations
Creators: name: Sims, H.
name: Oset, S. J.
name: Butler, W. H.
name: MacLaren, James M.
name: Marsman, Martijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a study of the anisotropic exchange interactions in bulk CrO_2 calculated from first principles within density functional theory. We determine the exchange coupling energies, using both the experimental lattice parameters and those obtained within DFT, within a modified Heisenberg model Hamiltonian in two ways. We employ a supercell method in which certain spins within a cell are rotated and the energy dependence is calculated and a spin-spiral method that modifies the periodic boundary conditions of the problem to allow for an overall rotation of the spins between unit cells. Using the results from each of these methods, we calculate the spin-wave stiffness constant D from the exchange energies using the magnon dispersion relation. We employ a Monte Carlo method to determine the DFT-predicted Curie temperature from these calculated energies and compare with accepted values. Finally, we offer an evaluation of the accuracy of the DFT-based methods and suggest implications of the competing ferro- and antiferromagnetic interactions.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
Systematics and biogeography of penduline tits complex in Iran
Creators: name: Beiranvand, Hossein Barani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Penduline tits, Remiz , R. pendulinus, R. macronyx , Birds Distribution, Iran, Persia

description: Penduline tits in Iran, based on examination of skins and literatures (Bochenski, 1998; Dolgushinet al., 1972; Stepanyan, 2003; Zarudny and Härms, 1912; Zarudny, 1892; Zarudny, 1908b and …), are comprises of 3 species with a total of 7 subspecies. Eurasian Penduline Tit (Remiz pendulinus), Black-headed Penduline Tit (Remiz macronyx), and White-crowned Penduline Tit (Remiz coronatus), all occurring in Iran. The subspecies that appear in Iran seems to be: R. p. pendulinus, R. p. menzbieri, R. p. neglectus, R. p. caspius, R. m. macronyx, R. m. nigricans, and R. c. coronatus. Certainly recorded subspecies and their distribution are R. p. menzbieri (north-western Iran, Zagros Mountains), R. p. caspius (along the south-eastern shores of the Caspian Sea), R. m. macronyx (south Caspian), R. m. nigricans (Sistan basin), R. c. coronatus (north-eastern of Iran). Though the review below is based on recent investigations, Zarudny at 1911 reached already the same conclusion almost a century ago, distinguishing 3 species with a total of 7 subspecies in Iran, though the names he used are deviating from those used at present.