cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Understanding and Modeling Nonlinear Behaviors in Aerospace Structures using Sine-Sweep Testing
Creators: name: Dossogne, Tilan
name: Noel, Jean-Philippe
name: Masset, Luc
name: Kerschen, Gaetan
name: Peeters, Bart
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2018
Subjects: AIRCRAFT STRUCTURE
NONLINEAR VIBRATIONS
NONLINEAR SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION
NONLINEARITY DETECTION
NONLINEARITY CHARACTERIZATION
NONLINEAR PARAMETER ESTIMATION
MODEL UPDATING
MODEL UPGRADING
LOCATION MAP
ACCELERATION SURFACE METHOD
F-16

description: During the design cycle of aircraft, the role played by the structural dynamicists consists in constructing a validated numerical model of the aircraft behavior under vibration. Model validation is performed experimentally, by correlating predicted and measured natural frequencies and mode shapes. This process has become standard in the aircraft industry; however, it relies throughout on the assumption of linearity of the structural vibrations, while it must be acknowledged that, today, test engineers are more and more often confronted with nonlinearities during ground vibration measurement campaigns. Nonlinear behavior may result from various physical mechanisms, the most notable being dynamic boundary conditions, such as clearances and impacts. In this paper, a consistent set of techniques is described to locate, characterize and model nonlinearities using typical aircraft vibration data, with the purpose of upgrading the initial linear finite-element (FE) model into a reliable nonlinear one. A constant thread in this set is the analysis of sensor measurements in the phase space. It is first shown that simple approximations in the structural equations of motion can lead to easy-to-interpret visualization plots for nonlinearity location and characterization. The analysis is then rendered quantitative by describing an effective metric for nonlinear FE model updating. The presented tools are illustrated using sine-sweep data measured at multiple forcing amplitudes on a full-scale F-16 aircraft. Nonlinear stiffness and damping elements, modeling a loosened attachment at the aircraft wing tip, are identified and introduced in a linear FE model, leading to accurate response predictions in a strongly nonlinear regime of motion.
description: AerospaceLab Journal, Issue 14, September 2018; ISSN: 2107-6596
General Boundary Conditions for Quasiclassical Theory of Superconductivity in the Diffusive Limit: Application to Strongly Spin-polarized Systems
Creators: name: Eschrig, M.
name: Cottet, A.
name: Belzig, W.
name: Linder, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boundary conditions in quasiclassical theory of superconductivity are of crucial importance for describing proximity effects in heterostructures between different materials. Although they have been derived for the ballistic case in full generality, corresponding boundary conditions for the diffusive limit, described by Usadel theory, have been lacking for interfaces involving strongly spin-polarized materials, such as e.g. half-metallic ferromagnets. Given the current intense research in the emerging field of superconducting spintronics, the formulation of appropriate boundary conditions for the Usadel theory of diffusive superconductors in contact with strongly spin-polarized ferromagnets for arbitrary transmission probability and arbitrary spin-dependent interface scattering phases has been a burning open question. Here we close this gap and derive the full boundary conditions for quasiclassical Green functions in the diffusive limit, valid for any value of spin polarization, transmission probability, and spin mixing angles (spin-dependent scattering phase shifts). It allows also for complex spin textures across the interface and for channel off-diagonal scattering (a necessary ingredient when the numbers of channels on the two sides of the interface differ). As an example we derive expressions for the proximity effect in diffusive systems involving half-metallic ferromagnets. In a superconductor/half-metal/superconductor Josephson junction we find $ϕ_0$ junction behavior under certain interface conditions.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures. More detailed explanations added, and a typo in Equation (49) is corrected (factors 4 instead 2)
NON-INTRUSIVE WIRELESS SENSING WITH MACHINE LEARNING
Creators: name: XIE, YUCHENG
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460402
subject: Data and information privacy
classificationCode: 460102
subject: Applications in health
classificationCode: 461101
subject: Adversarial machine learning

description: This dissertation explores the world of non-intrusive wireless sensing for diet and fitness activity monitoring, in addition to assessing security risks in human activity recognition (HAR). It delves into the use of WiFi and millimeter wave (mmWave) signals for monitoring eating behaviors, discerning intricate eating activities, and observing fitness movements. The proposed systems harness variations in wireless signal propagation to record human behavior while providing exhaustive details on dietary and exercise habits. Signiﬁcant contributions encompass unsupervised learning methodologies for detecting dietary and fitness activities, implementing soft-decision and deep neural networks for assorted activity recognition, constructing tiny motion mechanisms for subtle mouth muscle movement recovery, employing space-time-velocity features for multi-person tracking, as well as utilizing generative adversarial networks and domain adaptation structures to enable less cumbersome training efforts and cross-domain deployments. A series of comprehensive tests validate the efficacy and precision of the proposed non-intrusive wireless sensing systems. Additionally, the dissertation probes the security vulnerabilities in mmWave-based HAR systems and puts forth various sophisticated adversarial attacks - targeted, untargeted, universal, and black-box. It designs adversarial perturbations aiming to deceive the HAR models whilst striving to minimize detectability. The research offers powerful insights into issues and efficient solutions relative to non-intrusive sensing tasks and security challenges linked with wireless sensing technologies.
Utilização de pigmento feito a partir de argila  para tintas à base de cal
Creators: name: Martins Silva, Mayra
name: Bastos Caminha Sanjad, Thais Alessandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: No campo da conservação e do restauro arquitetônico na região Norte do Brasil, são utilizados pigmentos provenientes de outras regiões brasileiras ou mesmo de outros países, que muitas vezes encarecem processos restaurativos. Por outro lado, tem-se, na Amazônia brasileira, especialmente no Pará, uma abundância de matérias-primas para utilização como material que confere cor. Além disso, são referenciados em fontes histórico-documentais da literatura materiais próprios da região amazônica, especialmente argilas, como pigmentos minerais utilizados nas caiações de edifícios antigos. Neste sentido, o trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a utilização de um pigmento produzido a partir de argila da região amazônica em tintas à base de cal, para aplicação em revestimentos tradicionais de edifícios históricos. O pigmento foi produzido a partir de argila vermelha retirada de depósitos naturais situados em Icoaraci – PA; queima a 1000ºC; moagem; e peneiramento, gerando um pó cerâmico. O pigmento de pó cerâmico foi incorporado em formulações de tintas à base de cal, cujo método se baseou na literatura, tendo como referência o modo de preparo de Kanan (1996), Uemoto (1991) para caiações e variações das receitas relatadas em documentos escritos dos viajantes setecentistas Martius e Spix (1819) e de Daniel (2004) sobre a produção e aplicação de tintas na Amazônia, com adaptações a partir dos estudos de Silva et. al (2017). As tintas foram aplicadas em substratos de argamassa de cal e o pigmento incorporado nas tintas foi avaliado quanto à cor e à adesão superficial. Os resultados evidenciaram que o pigmento de pó cerâmico tem grande potencial enquanto solução tecnológica sustentável à salvaguarda do patrimônio cultural, especificamente com relação à revestimentos à base de cal.
Enhancing Mechanical Engineering Education Through a Virtual Instructor in an AI-Driven Virtual Reality Fatigue Test Lab
Creators: name: Yahyaeian, Amir Abbas
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401799
subject: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 401607
subject: Metals and alloy materials
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: This thesis demonstrates the combination of virtual reality (VR) and artificial intelligence (AI) specifically exploring the practical application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and GPT-based models in educational VR laboratories. The objective is to design a comprehensive learning environment where users can independently engage in laboratory experiments, deriving similar educational outcomes as they would from a traditional, physical laboratory setup, particularly within the realms of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines. Using machine learning techniques and authentic virtual reality simulating educational experiments, we propose an advanced learning platform—Virtual Reality Instructional Laboratory Environment (VRILE). A key feature of the VRILE is an AI-powered instructor capable of not only guiding the learners through the tasks but also responding intelligently to their actions in real time. The AI constituent of the VRILE uses the GPT-2 model for text generation in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). To ensure the generated instructions were contextually relevant and meaningful to lab participants, the model was trained on a dataset derived from an augmentation over user interactions within the VR environment. By pushing the boundaries of how AI can be utilized in educational VR environments, this research paves the way for broader adoption across other domains of engineering education. Furthermore, it provides a solid foundation for future research in this interdisciplinary field. It marks a significant stride in the integration of technology and education, encouraging more ventures into this promising frontier.
Strain engineering of ferroelectric domains in KxNa1−xNbO3 epitaxial layers
Creators: name: Schwarzkopf, Jutta
name: Braun, Dorothee
name: Hanke, Michael
name: Uecker, Reinhard
name: Schmidbauer, Martin
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ferroelectric domains
subject: KxNa1−xNbO3
subject: thin films
subject: strain engineering
subject: epitaxial growth
subject: X-ray diffraction
subject: piezoresponse force microscopy
subject: metal-organic chemical vapor deposition
subject: 530

description: The application of lattice strain through epitaxial growth of oxide films on lattice mismatched perovskite-like substrates strongly influences the structural properties of ferroelectric domains and their corresponding piezoelectric behavior. The formation of different ferroelectric phases can be understood by a strain-phase diagram, which is calculated within the framework of the Landau–Ginzburg–Devonshire theory. In this paper, we illustrate the opportunity of ferroelectric domain engineering in the KxNa1−xNbO3 lead-free material system. In particular, the following examples are discussed in detail: (i) Different substrates (NdGaO3, SrTiO3, DyScO3, TbScO3, and GdScO3) are used to systematically tune the incorporated epitaxial strain from compressive to tensile. This can be exploited to adjust the NaNbO3 thin film surface orientation and, concomitantly, the vector of electrical polarization, which rotates from mainly vertical to exclusive in-plane orientation. (ii) In ferroelectric NaNbO3, thin films grown on rare-earth scandate substrates, highly regular stripe domain patterns are observed. By using different film thicknesses, these can be tailored with regard to domain periodicity and vertical polarization component. (iii) A featured potassium concentration of x = 0.9 of KxNa1−xNbO3 thin films grown on (110) NdScO3 substrates favors the coexistence of two equivalent, monoclinic, but differently oriented ferroelectric phases. A complicated herringbone domain pattern is experimentally observed which consists of alternating MC and a1a2 domains. The coexistence of different types of ferroelectric domains leads to polarization discontinuities at the domain walls, potentially enabling high piezoelectric responses. In each of these examples, the experimental results are in excellent agreement with predictions based on the linear elasticity theory.
Dissipative dynamics of entangled finite-spin systems with non-competitive external fields
Creators: name: Nakagawa, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a new method based upon thermofield dynamics (TFD) to study entanglement of finite-spin systems with non-competitive external fields for both equilibrium and non-equilibrium cases. For the equilibrium finite-spin systems, the temperature dependence of the extended density matrices is derived using this method, and the effect of non-competitive external field is demonstrated. For the non-equilibrium finite-spin systems, the time dependence of the extended density matrices and the extended entanglement entropies is derived in accordance with von Noumann equation, and the dissipative dynamics of the finite-spin systems is argued. Consequently, the applicability of the TFD-based method to describe entanglement is confirmed in both equilibrium and non-equilibrium cases with the external fieds.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages, 12 figures, Eqs. (19) and (20) have been modified
QCD Kondo effect: quark matter with heavy-flavor impurities
Creators: name: Hattori, Koichi
name: Itakura, Kazunori
name: Ozaki, Sho
name: Yasui, Shigehiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Kondo effect occurs in light quark matter which contains heavy quarks as impurities. We consider a scattering between a heavy-flavor impurity and a light quark near a Fermi surface which is mediated by gluon-exchange interactions. We find that the scattering amplitude has a logarithmic infrared divergence originating from imperfect cancellation between quark-impurity and hole-impurity scatterings in a loop integral, implying the presence of a strongly coupled regime near the Fermi surface. Renormalization group method is used to find the Kondo scale where a running coupling constant hits a Landau pole. Following an illustration by a simple contact-interaction model, we examine gluon-exchange interactions on the basis of high density QCD.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Errors corrected; Results unchanged; Extended discussions inserted in Sec. IV; References added. Published in PRD
title: Characterisation of good-performing graded-aggregate seals
Creators: name: Otto, Andrew
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2024

description: The effectiveness of road surfacings, particularly thin bituminous seals, is paramount for road performance, asset management strategies and reducing the carbon/environmental cost of road surfacing. Various graded-aggregate seals, like Otta Seal, Sand Seal, and Grit Seal, have been utilised to varying degrees around the world. Their design has traditionally relied on empirical methods, leading to inconsistent outcomes. This research aimed at identifying the aggregate and aggregate-bitumen mixture characteristics essential for good-performing graded-aggregate seals and developing a more rational approach to their design.


This research assessed the performance of a selection of existing road sections, and retrieved samples of their bituminous seals, which were further tested in the laboratory and their characteristics analysed. Additionally, fresh crushed rock aggregate and natural gravels were mixed with bitumen and moulded in the laboratory, their volumetric characteristics tested and analysed.


The results showed that good-performing aggregate seals may be defined by a combination of parameters usually associated with chip seals, and parameters associated with premixed-and-laid graded-aggregate surfacings (asphalt). These characteristics are (i) proportion of particles finer than the 75 µm sieve size, (ii) modified coefficient of uniformity for particle size, (iii) minimum design layer thicknesses, (iv) bitumen absorption by the aggregate, and (v) the quantity of voids in the aggregate matrix.

 
Significantly, this research showed that the Marshall mix design approach was a good predictor of expected in-service characteristics of asphalt. The research calibrated equations used for chip seal design to enable their use in designing graded-aggregate seals. Furthermore, the research highlighted that the seal thickness-to-maximum aggregate size ratio significantly influenced seal performance and is therefore a critical design input.

 
These findings enabled the establishment of precise specifications, and a more rational design approach, ensuring enhanced predictability and performance (longevity) of graded-aggregate seals.
Accelerated Sensitivity Analysis in High-Dimensional Stochastic Reaction Networks
Creators: name: Arampatzis, Georgios
name: Katsoulakis, Markos A.
name: Pantazis, Yannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper, a two-step strategy for parametric sensitivity analysis for such systems is proposed, exploiting advantages and synergies between two recently proposed sensitivity analysis methodologies for stochastic dynamics. The first method performs sensitivity analysis of the stochastic dynamics by means of the Fisher Information Matrix on the underlying distribution of the trajectories; the second method is a reduced-variance, finite-difference, gradient-type sensitivity approach relying on stochastic coupling techniques for variance reduction. Here we demonstrate that these two methods can be combined and deployed together by means of a new sensitivity bound which incorporates the variance of the quantity of interest as well as the Fisher Information Matrix estimated from the first method. The first step of the proposed strategy labels sensitivities using the bound and screens out the insensitive parameters in a controlled manner based also on the new sensitivity bound. In the second step of the proposed strategy, the finite-difference method is applied only for the sensitivity estimation of the (potentially) sensitive parameters that have not been screened out in the first step. Results on an epidermal growth factor network with fifty parameters and on a protein homeostasis with eighty parameters demonstrate that the proposed strategy is able to quickly discover and discard the insensitive parameters and in the remaining potentially sensitive parameters it accurately estimates the sensitivities. The new sensitivity strategy can be several times faster than current state-of-the-art approaches that test all parameters, especially in "sloppy" systems. In particular, the computational acceleration is quantified by the ratio between the total number of parameters over the number of the sensitive parameters.
Kostenmonitoring von Open-Access-Publikationen: Chancen und Herausforderung für Bibliotheken
Creators: name: Pieper, Dirk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Access
Open Access Monitoring

description: Die Erfassung des Publikationsaufkommens an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen sowie das Monitoring der damit verbundenen Kosten ist ein wesentlicher Baustein der Open-Access-Transformation. Die Kenntnis dieser Daten ist Voraussetzung dafür, rationale Entscheidungen über die Teilnahme der eigenen Institution an Transformationsverträgen zu treffen. Im Online-Vortrag werden folgende Themen erörtert: Welche Datenquellen stehen zur Verfügung? Wie können Kosten von Transformationsverträgen bewertet werden? Welche Schwierigkeiten gibt es derzeit im Kontext von DEAL und wie könnten diese gelöst werden?
WEIGHTED CURVATURES IN FINSLER GEOMETRY
Creators: name: Zhao, Runzhong
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490402
subject: Algebraic and differential geometry

description: The curvatures in Finsler geometry can be defined in similar ways as in Riemannian geometry. However, since there are fewer restrictions on the metrics, many geometric quantities arise in Finsler geometry which vanish in the Riemannian case. These quantities are generally known as non-Riemannian quantities and interact with the curvatures in controlling the global geometrical and topological properties of Finsler manifolds. In the present work, we study general weighted Ricci curvatures which combine the Ricci curvature and the S-curvature, and define a weighted flag curvature which combines the flag curvature and the T -curvature. We characterize Randers metrics of almost isotropic weighted Ricci curvatures and show the general weighted Ricci curvatures can be divided into three types. On the other hand, we show that a proper open forward complete Finsler manifold with positive weighted flag curvature is necessarily diffeomorphic to the Euclidean space, generalizing the Gromoll-Meyer theorem in Riemannian geometry.
TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN DUBAI: TOURIST'S INSIGHTS ON INNOVATION
Creators: name: Sachin Kumar
name: (Dr.) Manohar Sajnani
name: Dr. Ashok Chopra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Tourism, Technological Advancements, Innovation, Tourism Impact, Dubai Expo 2020, Visitor Experiences, Economic Growth.

description: Abstract

Dubai has rapidly become a global innovation powerhouse due to its strategic focus on technical growth. Technological advances, including EXPO-2020, GITEX Technology Week, and many other major events, affect Dubai tourism. These events draw international visitors, highlight cutting-edge technology, and boost the city's tourism. This study shows how technological innovation boosts tourism and changes Dubai's global image through travelers' perspectives. This study examines the impact of technological development in Dubai from a Tourist’s perspective. By focusing on the innovations presented at Expo 2020, it hopes to provide insights into how these improvements affect tourist experiences and views of the city. The Expo's impact on Dubai's tourism industry and economic growth is examined in this study by a questionnaire given to attendees. Furthermore, the study assesses the impact of Expo 2020 on Dubai's technological environment and its current attractiveness to tourists. The survey included over 300 visitors from 25 countries, including India, Russia, China, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, the UK, Afghanistan, the USA, Sudan, Spain, the UAE, Canada, etc. The survey covers technology, indigenous enterprise, economic growth, tourism, and Expo pavilion digital connectivity. The Expo's innovation and technology's long-term effects on economic development are also examined. Dubai Expo 2020, technical advancement, and tourism are interconnected, as shown by this study. These findings highlight the importance of technology in Dubai's tourism boom. Digital technologies and a hybrid event approach enabled large-scale stakeholder engagement. Exhibitions enhance foot traffic, benefiting local businesses. AI and robotics can improve consumer experience and reduce health risks. The study found that EXPO 2020 boosted the economy, highlighting the importance of technology and innovation in Dubai's tourism industry.
title: Variability of total flavonoid and mucilage content of wild growing chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) populations
Creators: name: Gosztola, Beata
name: Németh-Zámbori, Eva
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: chamomille
subject: environment
subject: heat unit
subject: mucilage
subject: swelling index
subject: total flavonoid content

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv 453
description: During our investigation 50 wild growing chamomile populations’ active substance content, among them total flavonoid content and swelling index referring to mucilage content were examined in 2009 in the main chamomile collection areas of Hungary. Swelling index was determined according to the general and specified descriptions of Althaeae folium monograph of European Pharmacopoeia, while total flavonoid content was measured by the method described in the monograph of Crataegi folium cum flore. The 50 Hungarian wild growing chamomile populations proved to be very heterogeneous in terms of the examined features. The swelling index of their flower drug samples changed between 15.8 and 80.8 and their total flavonoid content varied from 0.94 to 2.28 %. Significant correlation was also found between meteorological conditions and evaluated characteristics: there was medium strong positive correlation between spring total heat unit (sum of daily 10 °C higher average temperatures of the period lasted from 1st of March, 2009 until the day before flower collection) as well as total heat unit of 10 days before harvest and swelling index (r = 0.50-0.56), furthermore medium strong negative connection could be seen between total heat units and total flavonoid content (r = -0.60-0.65). Based on these findings it can be ascertained that raising temperature affects the mucilage accumulation positively, however, it has a negative effect on the amount of flavonoids.
Dynamics of flat actions on totally disconnected, locally compact groups
Creators: name: Reid, Colin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22D05

description: Let $G$ be a totally disconnected, locally compact group and let $H$ be a virtually flat (for example, polycyclic) group of automorphisms of $G$. We study the structure of, and relationships between, various subgroups of $G$ defined by the dynamics of $H$. In particular, we consider the following four subgroups: the intersection of all tidy subgroups for $H$ on $G$ (in the case that $H$ is flat); the intersection of all $H$-invariant open subgroups of $G$; the smallest closed $H$-invariant subgroup $D$ such that no $H$-orbit on $G/D$ accumulates at the trivial coset; and the group generated by the closures of contraction groups of elements of $H$ on $G$.
description: 81 pages; accepted version. Final published version is here: http://nyjm.albany.edu/j/2016/22-6.html
The Impact of Spiritual Intelligence on the Organisational Commitment, Occupational Stress and Wellbeing of Temporary Migrant Workers in Australia
Creators: name: Krishnarajanagar Thotappa Setty, Poornima
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This study investigates how spiritual intelligence affects organisational commitment, occupational stress, and well-being among temporary migrant workers in Australia, using the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory as a framework. It also explores how organisational commitment and occupational stress mediate the relationship between spiritual intelligence and employee well-being. The findings highlight the significance of spiritual intelligence in reducing stress, enhancing commitment, and improving overall well-being. This research offers valuable insights for developing workplace strategies that support temporary migrant workers, ultimately contributing to a more resilient and healthy workforce.
Observation of T2-like coherent optical phonons in epitaxial Ge2Sb2Te5/GaSb(001) films
Creators: name: Shalini, A.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Al-Jarah, U.A.S.
name: Srivastava, G.P.
name: Wright, C.D.
name: Katmis, F.
name: Braun, W.
name: Hicken, R.J.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Applied physics
subject: Materials science
subject: Optical data storage
subject: Optical physics
subject: 530

description: The phonon spectrum of Ge2Sb2Te5 is a signature of its crystallographic structure and underlies the phase transition process used in memory applications. Epitaxial materials allow coherent optical phonons to be studied in femtosecond anisotropic reflectance measurements. A dominant phonon mode with frequency of 3.4 THz has been observed in epitaxial Ge2Sb2Te5 grown on GaSb(001). The dependence of signal strength upon pump and probe polarization is described by a theory of transient stimulated Raman scattering that accounts for the symmetry of the crystallographic structure through use of the Raman tensor. The 3.4 THz mode has the character of the 3 dimensional T2 mode expected for the Oh point group, confirming that the underlying crystallographic structure is cubic. New modes are observed in both Ge2Sb2Te5 and GaSb after application of large pump fluences, and are interpreted as 1 and 2 dimensional modes associated with segregation of Sb.
Controlled assembly of graphene-capped nickel, cobalt and iron silicides
Creators: name: Vilkov, O.
name: Fedorov, A.
name: Usachov, D.
name: Yashina, L.V.
name: Generalov, A.V.
name: Borygina, K.
name: Verbitskiy, N.I.
name: Grüneis, A.
name: Vyalikh, D.V.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Electrical and electronic engineering
subject: Electronic properties and devices
subject: Electronic properties and materials
subject: Graphene
subject: 620

description: In-situ dendrite/metallic glass matrix composites (MGMCs) with a composition of Ti46Zr20V12Cu5Be17 exhibit ultimate tensile strength of 1510 MPa and fracture strain of about 7.6%. A tensile deformation model is established, based on the five-stage classification: (1) elastic-elastic, (2) elastic-plastic, (3) plastic-plastic (yield platform), (4) plastic-plastic (work hardening), and (5) plastic-plastic (softening) stages, analogous to the tensile behavior of common carbon steels. The constitutive relations strongly elucidate the tensile deformation mechanism. In parallel, the simulation results by a finite-element method (FEM) are in good agreement with the experimental findings and theoretical calculations. The present study gives a mathematical model to clarify the work-hardening behavior of dendrites and softening of the amorphous matrix. Furthermore, the model can be employed to simulate the tensile behavior of in-situ dendrite/MGMCs.
A Recovery-Based A Posteriori Error Estimator for H(curl) Interface Problems
Creators: name: Cai, Zhiqiang
name: Cao, Shuhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N15, 65N30, 65N50

description: This paper introduces a new recovery-based a posteriori error estimator for the lowest order Nedelec finite element approximation to the H(curl) interface problem. The error estimator is analyzed by establishing both the reliability and the efficiency bounds and is supported by numerical results. Under certain assumptions, it is proved that the reliability and efficiency constants are independent of the jumps of the coefficients.
Contratos I. Perturbações na execução (Catarina Monteiro Pires, Coimbra, Almedina, 2019. 226 págs. ISBN: 978-972-40-8121-2)
Creators: name: Guedes, António Agostinho
Publisher: name: Católica Law Review
Year: 2020

description: Católica Law Review, v. 4 n. 2 (2020): Direito privado
MODELING ACUTE CARE UTILIZATION FOR INSOMNIA PATIENTS
Creators: name: Zhu, Zitong
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460102
subject: Applications in health

description: Machine learning (ML) models can help improve health care services. However, they need to be practical to gain wide adoption. A methodology is proposed in this study to evaluate the utility of different data modalities and cohort segmentation strategies when designing these models. The methodology is used to compare models that predict emergency department (ED) and inpatient hospital (IH) visits. The data modalities include socio-demographics, diagnosis and medications and cohort segmentation is based on age group and disease severity. The proposed methodology is applied to models developed using a cohort of insomnia patients and a cohort of general non- insomnia patients under different data modalities and segmentation strategies. All models are evaluated using the traditional intra-cohort testing. In addition, to establish the need for disease- specific segmentation, transfer testing is recommended where the same insomnia test patients used for intra-cohort testing are submitted to the general-patient model. The results indicate that using both diagnosis and medications as a source of data does not generally improve model performance and may increase its overhead. For insomnia patients, the best ED and IH models using both data modalities or either one of the modalities achieved an area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of 0.71 and 78, respectively. Our results also show that an insomnia-specific model is not necessary when predicting future ED visits but may have merit when predicting IH visits. As such, we recommend the evaluation of disease-specific models using transfer testing. Based on these initial findings, a language model was pretrained using diagnosis codes. This model can be used for the prediction of future ED and IH visits for insomnia and non-insomnia patients.
Scaling Laws for Dark Matter Halos in Late-Type and Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies
Creators: name: Kormendy, John
name: Freeman, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter (DM) halos of Sc-Im and dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies satisfy scaling laws: halos in lower-luminosity galaxies have smaller core radii, higher central densities, and smaller velocity dispersions. These results are based on maximum-disk rotation curve decompositions for giant galaxies and Jeans equation analysis for dwarfs. (1) We show that spiral, Im, and Sph galaxies with absolute magnitudes M_V > -18 form a sequence of decreasing baryon-to-DM surface density with decreasing luminosity. We suggest that this is a sequence of decreasing baryon retention vs. supernova-driven losses or decreasing baryon capture after cosmological reionization. (2) The structural differences between S+Im and Sph galaxies are small. Both are affected mostly by the physics that controls baryon depletion. (3) There is a linear correlation between the maximum rotation velocities of baryonic disks and the outer circular velocities V_circ of test particles in their DM halos. Baryons become unimportant at V_circ = 42+-4 km/s. Smaller galaxies are dim or dark. (4) We find that, before baryon "loss", dSph galaxies were brighter by ~4 mag and dIm galaxies were brighter by ~3.5 mag. Both have DM halos that are massive enough to help to solve the "Too Big To Fail" problem with DM galaxy formation. (5) We suggest that there exist many galaxies that are too dark to be discovered by current techniques, as required by cold DM theory. (6) Projected central densities of DM halos are constant from M_B ~ -5 to -22. This implies a Faber-Jackson law with halo mass M ~ (halo dispersion)**4.
description: 32 pages, 12 postscript figures, 2 tables, TeX, requires eplain.tex, submitted to ApJ
A study of institutional spending on open access publication fees in Germany
Creators: name: Jahn, Najko
name: Tullney, Marco
Publisher: name: London : PeerJ
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Open access
subject: Open access journal
subject: Article processing charges
subject: Science policy
subject: Scholarly publishing
subject: Publication fees
subject: 620

description: Publication fees as a revenue source for open access publishing hold a prominent place on the agendas of researchers, policy makers, and academic publishers. This study contributes to the evolving empirical basis for funding these charges and examines how much German universities and research organisations spent on open access publication fees. Using self-reported cost data from the Open APC initiative, the analysis focused on the amount that was being spent on publication fees, and compared these expenditure with data from related Austrian (FWF) and UK (Wellcome Trust, Jisc) initiatives, in terms of both size and the proportion of articles being published in fully and hybrid open access journals. We also investigated how thoroughly self-reported articles were indexed in Crossref, a DOI minting agency for scholarly literature, and analysed how the institutional spending was distributed across publishers and journal titles. According to self-reported data from 30 German universities and research organisations between 2005 and 2015, expenditures on open access publication fees increased over the years in Germany and amounted to € 9,627,537 for 7,417 open access journal articles. The average payment was € 1,298, and the median was € 1,231. A total of 94% of the total article volume included in the study was supported in accordance with the price cap of € 2,000, a limit imposed by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) as part of its funding activities for open access funding at German universities. Expenditures varied considerably at the institutional level. There were also differences in how much the institutions spent per journal and publisher. These differences reflect, at least in part, the varying pricing schemes in place including discounted publication fees. With an indexing coverage of 99%, Crossref thoroughly indexed the open access journals articles included in the study. A comparison with the related openly available cost data from Austria and the UK revealed that German universities and research organisations primarily funded articles in fully open access journals. By contrast, articles in hybrid journal accounted for the largest share of spending according to the Austrian and UK data. Fees paid for hybrid journals were on average more expensive than those paid for fully open access journals.
Measurement of high exciton binding energy in the monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides WS2 and WSe2
Creators: name: Hanbicki, A. T.
name: Currie, M.
name: Kioseoglou, G.
name: Friedman, A. L.
name: Jonker, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides are direct gap semiconductors with great promise for optoelectronic devices. Although spatial correlation of electrons and holes plays a key role, there is little experimental information on such fundamental properties as exciton binding energies and band gaps. We report here an experimental determination of exciton excited states and binding energies for monolayer WS2 and WSe2. We observe peaks in the optical reflectivity/absorption spectra corresponding to the ground- and excited-state excitons (1s and 2s states). From these features, we determine lower bounds free of any model assumptions for the exciton binding energies as E2sA - E1sA of 0.83 eV and 0.79 eV for WS2 and WSe2, respectively, and for the corresponding band gaps Eg >= E2sA of 2.90 and 2.53 eV at 4K. Because the binding energies are large, the true band gap is substantially higher than the dominant spectral feature commonly observed with photoluminescence. This information is critical for emerging applications, and provides new insight into these novel monolayer semiconductors.
description: 15 page manuscript, 5 figures, 10 page supplemental information
Correlation between atomic structure evolution and strength in a bulk metallic glass at cryogenic temperature
Creators: name: Tan, J.
name: Wang, G.
name: Liu, Z.Y.
name: Bednarčík, J.
name: Gao, Y.L.
name: Zhai, Q.J.
name: Mattern, N.
name: Eckert, J.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Glasses
subject: Mechanical properties
subject: 620

description: A model Zr41.25Ti13.75Ni10Cu12.5Be22.5 (at.%) bulk metallic glass (BMG) is selected to explore the structural evolution on the atomic scale with decreasing temperature down to cryogenic level using high energy X-ray synchrotron radiation. We discover a close correlation between the atomic structure evolution and the strength of the BMG and find out that the activation energy increment of the concordantly atomic shifting at lower temperature is the main factor influencing the strength. Our results might provide a fundamental understanding of the atomic-scale structure evolution and may bridge the gap between the atomic-scale physics and the macro-scale fracture strength for BMGs.
Radiative corrections to the Dalitz decay $π^0\to e^+e^-γ$ revisited
Creators: name: Husek, Tomas
name: Kampf, Karol
name: Novotny, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recalculated the Mikaelian and Smith radiative corrections to the Dalitz decay $π^0\to e^+e^-γ$ beyond the soft-photon approximation, i.e. over the whole range of the Dalitz plot and with no restrictions on the radiative photon. In contrast to the previous calculations, we did not neglect the terms of order higher than $\mathcal{O}(m^2)$ and also included the one-photon-irreducible contribution at one-loop level and the virtual muon loop contribution. The results can then be used also for heavier particles in the final state.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 1 table and 3 ancillary files (C++ code); v2: accepted version for publication in Phys. Rev. D.; extended discussion, one table and muon loop contribution added, C++ code updated
Product liability in a world of automated products and digital distribution channels
Creators: name: Ulfbeck, Vibe
Publisher: name: Católica Law Review
Year: 2020

description: The article examines some of the legal challenges brought about by automation and digitalization. The specific focus is on product liability rules. The article examines the way in which automation may challenge both the traditional concept of a “product” and of a “defect” in the product liability directive and explores the extent to which a digital platform, used for distribution of products, could be regarded a ‘producer’ within the meaning of the product liability directive.
description: Católica Law Review, v. 4 n. 2 (2020): Direito privado
Classical conformal blocks via AdS/CFT correspondence
Creators: name: Alkalaev, K. B.
name: Belavin, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue to develop the holographic interpretation of classical conformal blocks in terms of particles propagating in an asymptotically $AdS_3$ geometry. We study $n$-point block with two heavy and $n-2$ light fields. Using the worldline approach we propose and explicitly describe the corresponding bulk configuration, which consists of $n-3$ particles propagating in the conical defect background produced by the heavy fields. We test this general picture in the case of five points. Using the special combinatorial representation of the Virasoro conformal block we compute $5$-point classical block and find the exact correspondence with the bulk worldline action. In particular, the bulk analysis relies upon the special perturbative procedure which treats the $5$-point case as a deformation of the $4$-pt case.
description: 28 pages, v2: more comments, journal version
A tutela dos créditos laborais no caso de transmissão de unidade económica: breves notas sobre a evolução recente
Creators: name: Oliveira, Pedro
Publisher: name: Católica Law Review
Year: 2020

description: O presente estudo pretende contribuir para uma breve reflexão sobre o panorama actual do instituto da responsabilidade solidária entre transmitente e transmissário pelos créditos laborais, no contexto específico da transmissão de unidade económica. Esta regulação normativa, de natureza sui generis, tem sido sucessivamente ajustada no ordenamento jurídico-laboral português, gerando em consequência debate doutrinal alargado que se reflecte, aliás, nas respostas jurisprudenciais. Para uma melhor compreensão do regime vigente, recordam-se os seus traços evolutivos essenciais, desde a legislação pré-codicística até a Lei n.º 14/2018, de 19 de Março.
description: Católica Law Review, v. 4 n. 2 (2020): Direito privado
title: How to Improve Food Security  in Tunisia: Step up Mutual Trade  and Investment Links with the EU
Creators: name: Chebbi, Houssem Eddine
name: Overdiek, Markus
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf
subject: Agri-food industry
subject: Trade
subject: European Union

description: Europe benefits when its southern neighbors such as Tunisia can withstand crises on their own. Since a significant part of the country’s grain imports come from Ukraine, sourcing food supplies will become more expensive and uncertain for Tunisia in light of the war. Strengthening the agricultural sector in this economically battered and politically unstable state is all the more important as a result. Given its close economic ties to the country, the EU can help stabilize this difficult situation.
O conceito de dignidade da pessoa humana – um mapa de navegação para o jurista
Creators: name: Frada, Manuel Carneiro Da
Publisher: name: Católica Law Review
Year: 2020

description: O presente artigo pretende traçar coordenadas básicas para a compreensão do conceito jurídico da dignidade da pessoa humana, com especial consideração da ordem jurídica portuguesa. Situa-o no elen-co de tipos de conceitos jurídicos e aponta directrizes em ordem à sua concretização. A dignidade da pessoa humana representa um conceito--fundamento, aberto e transsistemático, inconciliável com o positivismo jurídico e dotado de importantes funções na ordem jurídica. Propugna-se um conceito material forte, não relativista, da dignidade da pessoa huma-na como base sólida dos direitos da pessoa, o que implica também um referente ético-jurídico para a autonomia e a liberdade do sujeito que o direito positivo deve coerentemente seguir. Numa sociedade plural, cabe ao discurso racional-crítico integrar, para o preenchimento do conceito, os contributos da filosofia, da cultura e da própria religião, e ao jurista considerá-los devidamente no seu labor.
description: Católica Law Review, v. 4 n. 2 (2020): Direito privado
Machine Learning-Based Inverse Modeling of Manufacturing Processes
Creators: name: Savangouder, Ravindra
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: In modern manufacturing, identifying the optimal input process parameters to achieve desired output characteristics is crucial for cost reduction and waste minimization. While artificial neural networks cannot fully solve the inverse modeling problem, this study proposes using machine learning techniques that combine neural networks with evolutionary algorithm-based models, such as particle swarm optimization, to address this challenge. This thesis presents eight publications, including one published in a high-impact journal - IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, resulting from this research, that aim to tackle and resolve the complex inverse modeling problem in manufacturing using two manufacturing processes as case studies.