cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Cosmological Slavnov-Taylor Identity
Creators: name: Collins, Hael
name: Holman, R.
name: Vardanyan, Tereza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a method for treating the consistency relations of inflation that includes the full time-evolution of the state. This approach relies only on the symmetries of the inflationary setting, in particular a residual conformal symmetry in the spatial part of the metric, along with general properties which hold for any quantum field theory. As a result, the consistency relations that emerge, which are essentially the Slavnov-Taylor identities associated with this residual conformal symmetry, apply very generally: they are true of the full Green's functions, hold largely independently of the particular inflationary model, and can be used for arbitrary states. We illustrate these techniques by showing the form assumed by the standard consistency relation between the two and three-point functions for the primordial scalar fluctuations when they are in a Bunch-Davies state. But because we have included the full evolution of the state, this approach works for a general initial state as well and does not need to have assumed that inflation began in the Bunch-Davies state.
description: 38 pages (published version, new material on initial states added)
title: Terry Rhodes (A)
Creators: name: Mullins, John
name: Karim, Aleya
name: Putimahtama, Tiffany
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This is part of a case series. 'Everyone says entrepreneurship is about risk-taking. But it's not: it's about minimising risks and taking careful risks.' Terry Rhodes' own words resonated with him as he reflected on the most critical decision of his career at Celtel International. Since its inception in March 1998, Celtel, a wireless service provider, set out to change the way business was done in Africa and to prove the transformative effects business could have on the continent and its people. Rhodes, Co-Founder and Chief Strategy Officer of Celtel, had successfully mitigated the risks and overcome the challenges that deterred other businesses from investing in and contributing to the region. 'We were lucky that our business - mobile telecommunications - was seen as raising money in the West to bring to Africa and build infrastructure,' he explained. As Celtel expanded and moved into more and more markets across Sub-Saharan Africa, its corporate values were continually tested. Up until now, Rhodes had managed to avert corrupt situations using simple but creative tactics. However, the market entry into Guinea in late 1999 had posed a different story. Despite his multiple efforts, negotiations with the Guinean government were now at a standstill and it had become clear to Rhodes that the government expected substantial bribery payments for the deal to move forward. It was now late September 2001 and to add to the dire situation, Celtel's CFO had informed him that losing the Guinea deal might lead the company towards bankruptcy. Rhodes now sat outside the door of the boardroom, waiting to be called in and present his recommendation to the Board concerning the Guinea deal. As he reflected on his available options, Rhodes knew he would have to defend his decision to the Board and would need their full support.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-08-014-01
$\mathbb{F}_p$-expressible subalgebras and orbits of $\mathbb{E}(r,\mathfrak{g})$
Creators: name: Warner, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B45, 20G40

description: For $G$ a connected, reductive group over an algebraically closed field $k$ of large characteristic, we use the canonical Springer isomorphism between the nilpotent variety of $\mathfrak{g}:=\mathrm{Lie}(G)$ and the unipotent variety of $G$ to study the projective variety of elementary subalgebras of rank $r$, denoted $\mathbb{E}(r,\mathfrak{g})$. In the case that $G$ is defined over $\mathbb{F}_p$, we define the category of $\mathbb{F}_p$-expressible subalgebras of $\mathfrak{g}$, and prove that this category is isomorphic to Quillen's category of elementary abelian subgroups of the finite Chevalley group $G(\mathbb{F}_p)$. This isomorphism of categories leads to a correspondence between $G$-orbits of $\mathbb{E}(r,\mathfrak{g})$ defined over $\mathbb{F}_p$ and $G$-conjugacy classes of elementary abelian subgroups of rank $r$ in $G(\mathbb{F}_p)$. We use Magma to compute examples for $G=\mathrm{GL}_n$, $n\le 5$.
description: 17 pages, 3 tables, this version contains a stronger restriction on the characteristic, an improved exposition of section 3, and new proofs of Theorem 1.3 and Proposition 4.4
title: Carnival Corporation: The P&O Princess Acquisition (A)
Creators: name: Sull, Donald
name: Turconi, Stefano
name: Muckermann, Barbara
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Set in January 2002, this case examines the three-way takeover battle for cruise industry dominance involving Carnival, P&O Princess and Royal Caribbean. It also documents the evolution of the modern cruise industry and the competitive dynamics that led to momentous consolidation. After secret meetings, Royal Caribbean and P&O Princess announce a plan to merge under an unusual dual-listed-company structure. Combined, the two companies would overtake Carnival as the world's largest cruise operator. Carnival, a previous suitor for the No. 3 cruise line, jumps in with a hostile takeover attempt. The offer is promptly rejected by the P&O Princess board, which refuses to engage in any conversation with Carnival. Micky Arison, Carnival's President, CEO and major shareholder, is resolute on overcoming the intricacies of a deal entailing poison pills, subject to regulatory approval, and taking place against the backdrop of unprecedented economic and geopolitical uncertainty. With little time left before the merger becomes effective and only publicly available data to go by, Arison must lay out strategic options, ponder risks and determine whether and how far Carnival should go to sweeten its offer.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-09-015
Interacting electrons in a magnetic field: Mapping quantum mechanics to a classical ersatz-system
Creators: name: Kramer, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Solving the quantum-mechanical many-body problem requires scalable computational approaches, which are rooted in a good understanding of the physics of correlated electronic systems. Interacting electrons in a magnetic field display a huge variety of eigenstates with different internal structures, which have been probed experimentally in the Hall effect. The advent of highperforming graphics processing units has lead to a boost in computational speed in particular for classical systems. In the absence of a quantum-computer, it is thus of importance to see how quantum-mechanical problems can be cast into a seemingly classical dynamics, which can be efficiently implemented. At the same time, such mappings provide insights into the quantum-toclassical transition of many-body systems.
Raman spectroscopy of the interlayer shear mode in few-layer MoS2 flakes
Creators: name: Plechinger, Gerd
name: Heydrich, Stefanie
name: Eroms, Jonathan
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Schüller, Christian
name: Korn, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Single- and few-layer MoS2 has recently gained attention as an interesting material system for opto-electronics. Here, we report on scanning Raman measurements on few-layer MoS2 flakes prepared by exfoliation. We observe a Raman mode corresponding to a rigid shearing oscillation of adjacent layers. This mode appears at very low Raman shifts between 20 and 30 cm−1. Its position strongly depends on the number of layers, which we independently determine using atomic force microscopy and investigation of the other characteristic Raman modes. Raman spectroscopy of the shear mode, therefore, is a useful tool to determine the number of layers for few-layer MoS2 flakes.
Exploring Food Charity Managers Perceived Barriers to Food Security for Vulnerable Women in the Australian Capital Territory Region: A Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Dawson, Nicole
name: Lawlis, Tanya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This qualitative study explores the barriers to food security for vulnerable women from the perspective of charity managers within the Australian Capital Territory (ACT) Region. Interviews were conducted with six charity managers. Analysis of charity’s perspectives identified nine themes across two overarching areas: barriers to charity providing food security services (charity accessibility, inter-charity support and charity reliance on donations) and barriers to women attaining food security (income, accommodation type, transport, women’s attitudes and beliefs, stigma/trust and food literacy). Understanding the barriers to women’s food security is essential in addressing the underlying social and economic issues creating food insecurity.
Paramagnetic alignment of small grains: a novel method for measuring interstellar magnetic fields
Creators: name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Lazarian, A.
name: Martin, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel method to measure the strength of interstellar magnetic fields based on ultraviolet (UV) polarization of starlight, which is in part produced by weakly aligned, small interstellar grains. We begin with calculating degrees of alignment of small (size $a\sim 0.01μ$m) and very small ($a\sim 0.001μ$m) grains in the interstellar magnetic field due to the Davis-Greenstein paramagnetic relaxation and resonance paramagnetic relaxation. We compute the degrees of paramagnetic alignment with the ambient magnetic field $B$ using Langevin equations. In this paper, we take into account various processes essential for the dynamics of small grains, including infrared (IR) emission, electric dipole emission, plasma drag and collisions with neutral and ionized species. We find that the alignment of small grains is necessary to reproduce the observed polarization in the UV, although the polarization arising from these small grains is negligible at the optical and IR wavelengths. Based on fitting theoretical models to observed extinction and polarization curves, we find that the best-fit model requires a higher degree of alignment of small grains for the case with the peak wavelength of polarization $λ_{\max}<0.55μ$m, which exhibits an excess UV polarization relative to the Serkowski law, compared to the typical case $λ_{\max}=0.55μ$m. We interpret the correlation between the systematic increase of the UV polarization relative to maximum polarization (i.e. of $p(6μm^{-1})/p_{\max}$) with $λ_{\max}^{-1}$ by appealing to the higher degree of alignment of small grains. We identify paramagnetic relaxation as the cause of the alignment of small grains and utilize the dependence of the degree of alignment on the magnetic field strength $B$ to suggest a new way to measure $B$ using the observable parameters $λ_{\max}$ and $p(6μm^{-1})/p_{\max}$.[Abridged]
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal, 24 pages, 14 figures; minor changes
ResumoSiicusp_VFinal_Ing.docx.pdf
Creators: name: Emerick, Suellyn
name: Novello, Valdir F.
name: da Cruz Junior, Francisco William
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Isotope geochemistry

description: Undergraduate Conference Paper about PALEOCLIMATE RECONSTRUCTION DURING THE LAST GLACIAL PERIOD IN WESTERN BRAZIL BASED ON SPELEOTHEMS ISOTOPIC RECORDS
Charge Symmetry Breaking and Parity Violating Electron-Proton Scattering
Creators: name: Wagman, Michael
name: Miller, Gerald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge symmetry breaking contributions to the proton's neutral weak form factors must be understood in order for future measurements of parity violating electron-proton scattering to be definitively interpreted as evidence of proton strangeness. We calculate these charge symmetry breaking form factor contributions using chiral perturbation theory with resonance saturation estimates for unknown low-energy constants. The uncertainty of the leading-order resonance saturation estimates is reduced by incorporating nuclear physics constraints. Higher-order contributions are investigated through phenomenological vertex form factors. We predict that charge symmetry breaking form factor contributions are an order of magnitude larger than expected from naive dimensional analysis but are still an order of magnitude smaller than current experimental bounds on proton strangeness. This is consistent with previous calculations using chiral perturbation theory with resonance saturation.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures; typos corrected, all results unchanged
Measurement of quarkonium production at forward rapidity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$= 7 TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusive production cross sections at forward rapidity of J/$ψ$, $ψ$(2S), $Υ$(1S) and $Υ$(2S) are measured in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The analysis is based in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.35 pb$^{-1}$. Quarkonia are reconstructed in the dimuon-decay channel and the signal yields are evaluated by fitting the $μ^+μ^-$ invariant mass distributions. The differential production cross sections are measured as a function of the transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}$ and rapidity $y$, over the ranges $0 < p_{\rm T} < 20$ GeV/$c$ for J/$ψ$, $0 < p_{\rm T} < 12$ GeV/$c$ for all other resonances and for $2.5 < y < 4$. The measured cross sections integrated over $p_{\rm T}$ and $y$, and assuming unpolarized quarkonia, are: $σ_{J/ψ} = 6.69 \pm 0.04 \pm 0.63$ $μ$b, $σ_{ψ^{\prime}} = 1.13 \pm 0.07 \pm 0.14$ $μ$b, $σ_{Υ{\rm(1S)}} = 54.2 \pm 5.0 \pm 6.7$ nb and $σ_{Υ{\rm (2S)}} = 18.4 \pm 3.7 \pm 2.2$ nb, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second one is systematic. The results are compared to measurements performed by other LHC experiments and to theoretical models.
description: 28 pages, 9 captioned figures, 6 tables, authors from page 23, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/552
title: Nespresso: What Else?
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Nader
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: In 2011 Nespresso, the premium single-serve coffee brand of the multinational Swiss company Nestle, found itself at a crossroads. Between 2006 and 2010 Nespresso had managed to nearly triple sales - from CHF1.16 billion to well over CHF3 billion. But despite its meteoric growth in recent years, competitors were moving to try to challenge Nespresso's dominance of the premium single-serve coffee market by launching their own single-serve concepts. Some of these competitors had developed capsules compatible with the Nespresso system, and had aggressively pushed into the supermarket channel where Nespresso itself remained completely absent. Nespresso had to understand the degree to which it could sustain its competitive advantage in the premium single-serve coffee market in the face of growing competition, and develop strategies to address the growing threat of competitors who were offering Nespresso compatible capsules. The case helps students to develop a deeper understanding of the concepts of innovation, branding, business system fit, sustainable competitive advantage and responding to low-cost competitors. It is intended for MBA courses in Strategic Management, Innovation and Marketing. It can also be used in executive education programs, for example as part of a competitive strategy program to discuss issues related to strategy, competitive advantage and responding to low-cost rivals.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-18-018
Holographic Signatures of Cosmological Singularities
Creators: name: Engelhardt, Netta
name: Hertog, Thomas
name: Horowitz, Gary T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To gain insight in the quantum nature of cosmological singularities, we study anisotropic Kasner solutions in gauge/gravity duality. The dual description of the bulk evolution towards the singularity involves N = 4 super Yang-Mills on the expanding branch of deformed de Sitter space and is well defined. We compute two-point correlators of Yang-Mills operators of large dimensions using spacelike geodesics anchored on the boundary. The correlators show a strong signature of the singularity around horizon scales and decay at large boundary separation at different rates in different directions. More generally, the boundary evolution exhibits a process of particle creation similar to that in inflation. This leads us to conjecture that information on the quantum nature of cosmological singularities is encoded in long-wavelength features of the boundary wave function.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; v3: journal version, minor typos corrected, new figure added
Relaxation dynamics of the toric code in contact with a thermal reservoir: Finite-size scaling in a low temperature regime
Creators: name: Freeman, C. Daniel
name: Herdman, C. M.
name: Gorman, Dylan J
name: Whaley, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the relaxation dynamics of finite-size topological qubits in contact with a thermal bath. Using a continuous-time Monte Carlo method, we explicitly compute the low-temperature nonequilibrium dynamics of the toric code on finite lattices. In contrast to the size-independent bound predicted for the toric code in the thermodynamic limit, we identify a low-temperature regime on finite lattices below a size-dependent crossover temperature with nontrivial finite-size and temperature scaling of the relaxation time. We demonstrate how this nontrivial finite-size scaling is governed by the scaling of topologically nontrivial two-dimensional classical random walks. The transition out of this low-temperature regime defines a dynamical finite-size crossover temperature that scales inversely with the log of the system size, in agreement with a crossover temperature defined from equilibrium properties. We find that both the finite-size and finite-temperature scaling are stronger in the low-temperature regime than above the crossover temperature. Since this finite-temperature scaling competes with the scaling of the robustness to unitary perturbations, this analysis may elucidate the scaling of memory lifetimes of possible physical realizations of topological qubits.
description: 14 Pages, 13 figures
To Share or Not to Share in Client-Side Encrypted Clouds
Creators: name: Wilson, Duane
name: Ateniese, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the advent of cloud computing, a number of cloud providers have arisen to provide Storage-as-a-Service (SaaS) offerings to both regular consumers and business organizations. SaaS (different than Software-as-a-Service in this context) refers to an architectural model in which a cloud provider provides digital storage on their own infrastructure. Three models exist amongst SaaS providers for protecting the confidentiality data stored in the cloud: 1) no encryption (data is stored in plain text), 2) server-side encryption (data is encrypted once uploaded), and 3) client-side encryption (data is encrypted prior to upload). This paper seeks to identify weaknesses in the third model, as it claims to offer 100% user data confidentiality throughout all data transactions (e.g., upload, download, sharing) through a combination of Network Traffic Analysis, Source Code Decompilation, and Source Code Disassembly. The weaknesses we uncovered primarily center around the fact that the cloud providers we evaluated were each operating in a Certificate Authority capacity to facilitate data sharing. In this capacity, they assume the role of both certificate issuer and certificate authorizer as denoted in a Public-Key Infrastructure (PKI) scheme - which gives them the ability to view user data contradicting their claims of 100% data confidentiality. We have collated our analysis and findings in this paper and explore some potential solutions to address these weaknesses in these sharing methods. The solutions proposed are a combination of best practices associated with the use of PKI and other cryptographic primitives generally accepted for protecting the confidentiality of shared information.
title: Julie Brighton
Creators: name: Mullins, John
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Julie Brighton had done some secondary research to determine the market size for her new charcoal starter, a product she hoped would be the basis for starting a small company with her friend Jim Henly. First, however, she needed to forecast how many charcoal starters she could sell in California in her first year.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-01-021
title: Simon Cohen (A)
Creators: name: Mullins, John
name: Gubbins, Darice
name: Walker, John
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This is part of a case series. Simon Cohen parked his Acura SUV outside his Monterrey office, let the fingerprint scanner check his ID to open the door, and jogged upstairs past the huge poster showing containers and cranes at the port of Manzanillo. He paused for a moment in the company's boardroom. Here, a week earlier he had agreed with his business partners how they would restructure the company's ownership, and build on the success of the last 10 years. 'How could Thomas change his mind?' he wondered. Simon shook his head and strode into his office, wondering what to do. Over the previous 10 years, Simon and his three business partners - his brother Jose, Manfred Jaekel and Thomas Kroeger - had built up a successful freight forwarding business, with offices in Monterrey and Guadalajara. Manfred and Thomas ran their own separate, and longer-established branch in Mexico City. Simon had won some large, multinational customers, and had benefited from the increase in imports from China. By focusing on customer service, and by building up a hard-working team, he had grown bigger than the original Mexico City operation. There had been some friction over the years, but Manfred had proposed combining the companies into a group, and after some negotiation a verbal agreement had been struck on 15 August 2007. But, a week later, Thomas had phoned to say that he would not go ahead with the deal they had agreed. Simon was forced to reconsider his options.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-11-012
Extension: Temporal order effect
Creators: name: Chandrashekar, Subramanya Prasad
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Temporal order effect
subject: Counterfactual thinking
subject: Temporality effect

description: This project's aim is to test whether there is a temporality effect, the predominant tendency people have to consider the second event in an independent two-event sequence more mutable than the first, for situations with good outcomes.
title: COVID-19: Pret a Manger's Fight for Survival
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Nader
name: Spungin, Jessica
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The case describes how Pret a Mangers' 'London casual-dining institutions' was significantly adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and how they tried to pivot by launching several business experiments in fast succession. The long-term outcome of these experiments was far from certain, but the case provides a solid basis for evaluating their potential merits and pitfalls.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-20-021
title: The fog of disaster (FOD) alleviated through enhanced intelligence at Queensland fire and emergency service (QFES)
Creators: name: Rubens, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 440902
subject: Counselling, wellbeing and community services
valueUri: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/classifications/australian-and-new-zealand-standard-research-classification-anzsrc/latest-release

description: Queensland Fire and Emergency Service (QFES), has prioritised advancement in Intelligence within disaster management in the QFES 2030 Strategy. Disaster management has a bottom-up approach when requesting resources, therefore leaving strategic level decision makers in a reactive state. This, along with QFES’ isolated approach to intelligence, without exploitation of the relationships between the three main systems of community, the event and QFES capability, means an appreciation of future scenarios is missed in the operational decision-making process. Entropy causes an expansion in energy which multiplies data points exponentially for QFES strategic personnel, which creates uncertainty and a compression of the intelligence cycle. By compressing the intelligence cycle, a belief intelligence is being distributed via display screens, is currently practised. This current practice supports decision makers rather than influencing the decision and therefore, falls closer to knowledge management than a pure intelligence product. The inability to harness strategic intelligence in full, through transferring the temporal dimension of information, leaves QFES staff and the community vulnerable from lack of clarity and an expansion in friction operationally. The primary research question that guided this thesis is: 'What effect would an enhanced intelligence capability have on QFES interoperability and operational capacity?' The research methodology was underpinned by constructivist and pragmatic perspectives, which allowed for an explorative approach, using semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and observations which spanned 2019 – 2021. The methods outlined allowed a triangulation of QFES application of intelligence and provide a better understanding of disaster intelligence in reducing the Fog of Disaster (FOD). The research highlights a gap in the sequencing of a disaster event from entropy to critical decision maker. The research develops the importance of situational understanding and provides a framework to the disaster appreciation process, which could be applied by QFES staff. This thesis outlines inhibiting factors and challenges within the intelligence cycle and highlights the importance of a system based proactive process for QFES and community safety.
Two Loop Neutrino Model and Dark Matter Particles with Global $B-L$ Symmetry
Creators: name: Baek, Seungwon
name: Okada, Hiroshi
name: Toma, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a two loop induced seesaw model with global $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry, in which we consider two component dark matter particles. The dark matter properties are investigated together with some phenomenological constraints such as electroweak precision test, neutrino masses and mixing and lepton flavor violation. In particular, the mixing angle between the Standard Model like Higgs and an extra Higgs is extremely restricted by the direct detection experiment of dark matter. We also discuss the contribution of Goldstone boson to the effective number of neutrino species $ΔN_{\rm eff}\approx0.39$ which has been reported by several experiments.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; version accepted for publication in JCAP
title: Building an Agile Organisation at ING Bank Netherlands - Compact Case
Creators: name: Birkinshaw, Julian
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: ING Group was established through a merger of three Dutch financial services firms in 1991. It expanded internationally into Europe and the Americas, and created a no-frills savings account business called ING Direct in the late 1990s. In 2007 it merged its two main subsidiary banks, Postbank with 7 million customers but no branches, and ING Back, which had a full range of products and services and a large branch network. The process of merging the two banks was called Tango ('Together Achieving New Growth Opportunities') and was led by chief operating officer Bart Schlatmann. The merger involved integrating their IT operations, creating a common brand, and bringing together two very different organisational cultures. The migration of customers to the new platform began in 2009 and was completed in 2012, leading to a reduction in headcount of 4,000 and ongoing savings of Euros 280 million a year.
description: LBS Case Code: CCS-21-002
Predicting CP violation in Deviation from Tri-bimaximal mixing of Neutrinos
Creators: name: Shimizu, Yusuke
name: Tanimoto, Morimitsu
name: Yamamoto, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the CP violation in the deviation from the tri-bimaximal mixing (TBM) of neutrinos. We examine non-trivial relations among the mixing angles and the CP violating Dirac phase in the typical four cases of the deviation from the TBM. The first two cases are derived by the additional rotation of the 2-3 or 1-3 generations of neutrinos in the TBM basis. The other two cases are given by the additional rotation of the 1-3 or 1-2 generations of charged leptons with the TBM neutrinos. These four cases predict different relations among three mixing angles and the CP violating Dirac phase. The rotation of the 2-3 generations of neutrinos in the TBM basis predicts $\sin ^2θ_{12}<1/3$, and the CP violating Dirac phase to be $\pm (0.09π\sim 0.76π)$ for NH ($\pm (0.15π\sim 0.73π) \ \text{for IH}$) depending on $\sin ^2θ_{23}$. The rotation of the 1-3 generations of neutrinos in the TBM basis gives $\sin ^2θ_{12}>1/3$. The CP violating Dirac phase is not constrained by the input of the present experimental data. For the case of the 1-3 and 1-2 rotations of charged leptons in the TBM basis, the CP violating Dirac phase is predicted in $\pm(0.35π\sim 0.60π)$ depending on $\sin ^2θ_{12}$ for both NH and IH cases. We also discuss the specific case that $θ_{13}$ is related with the Cabibbo angle $λ$ such as $\sinθ_{13}=λ/\sqrt{2}$, in which the maximal CP violation is preferred. The CP violating Dirac phase can distinguish the lepton flavor mixing patterns at T2K and NO$ν$A experiments in the future.
description: 18 pages, 22 figures, figures are changed, discussions are added
Reversible Squaring Circuit For Low Power Digital Signal Processing
Creators: name: Singla, Pradeep
name: Gautam, Devraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the high demand of low power digital systems, energy dissipation in the digital system is one of the limiting factors. Reversible logic is one of the alternate to reduce heat/energy dissipation in the digital circuits and have a very significant importance in bioinformatics, optical information processing, CMOS design etc. In this paper the authors propose the design of new 2- bit binary Squaring circuit used in most of the digital signal processing hardware using Feynman & MUX gate. The proposed squaring circuit having less garbage outputs, constant inputs, Quantum cost and Total logical calculation i.e. less delay as compared to the traditional method of squaring operation by reversible multiplier. The simulating results and quantized results are also shown in the paper which shows the greatest improvement in the design against the previous methodology.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a crucial sign error in design fig. 3(b)
title: Eight19 (B) Azuri Technologies
Creators: name: Skinner, Jeff
name: Ryan, Tom
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Eight19 is a technology-based start-up company based on Cambridge Science Park. The company is developing a new (and very low cost) solar-panel technology aimed primarily at domestic use in developing countries. The case describes the issues faced by eight19 as it develops a business model for the new technology - in particular balancing competing needs: to generate sufficient revenue to fund operations (and not run out of cash), to generate a sufficient return for investors, to ensure widespread adoption of the system by users by users who cannot afford the up-front costs, to incentivise distributors, to guard against opportunistic behaviour by users, to create loyal users and to build and maintain a positive brand. The case illustrates the importance of the business model (rather than the product per se) and the imperative to build and maintain the 'social legitimacy' of a venture in order to assure profitability in the long term.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-13-020-a
Measurement of event-plane correlations in sqrt(s_NN)=2.76 TeV lead-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of event-plane correlations involving two or three event planes of different order is presented as a function of centrality for 7 ub-1 Pb+Pb collision data at sqrt(s_NN)=2.76 TeV, recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Fourteen correlators are measured using a standard event-plane method and a scalar-product method, and the latter method is found to give a systematically larger correlation signal. Several different trends in the centrality dependence of these correlators are observed. These trends are not reproduced by predictions based on the Glauber model, which includes only the correlations from the collision geometry in the initial state. Calculations that include the final-state collective dynamics are able to describe qualitatively, and in some cases also quantitatively, the centrality dependence of the measured correlators. These observations suggest that both the fluctuations in the initial geometry and non-linear mixing between different harmonics in the final state are important for creating these correlations in momentum space.
description: 20 pages plus author list (32 pages total), 15 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C., All figures including auxiliary figures can be found at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2012-03/
title: NakedWines.com
Creators: name: Mullins, John
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Thanks to its somewhat whimsical yet measurement-driven culture, its unusual customer-funded business model, and its committed community of winemakers and wine 'angels', NakedWines had grown rapidly, from a standing start in 2008 to a substantial presence in three of the world's most attractive markets for wine - the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States. Now, however, in September 2014, it was becoming clear that the company's long-time principal investor WIV was no longer able to fund Naked's future growth. Assembled in the Birthday Suit conference room in the company's office in Napa, California, were the key individuals who had brought the company to this juncture. Founder and CEO Rowan Gormley, co-founder and IT Head Derek Hardy, COO and American Managing Director Benoit Vialle, Australian CEO Luke Jecks, UK Managing Director Eamon Fitzgerald, Chief Financial Officer James Crawford, Chief Winemaker Matt Parish, and board member and CEO of WIV Andres Ruff, had gathered to decide what they should do about this difficulty. They had spent the morning developing a set of criteria for choosing among the various alternative ways forward. The afternoon's agenda was clear, to determine a strategy for continuing to fund the company's growth. Should they seek a private equity investor? Should they ask their customers - the band of nearly 300,000 'angels', as they called them, whose monthly subscriptions funded Naked's winemakers - to buy a stake in the business, or even pursue an independent public offering (IPO) of the company's shares? Should they seek a trade investor? Or should they wait, doing nothing for now, and maintain the status quo until the time for one of the other moves made more sense? By the end of the afternoon, the group had agreed, they would reach a decision on a strategy for financing the continued growth of the business.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-16-014
IGM Constraints from the SDSS-III/BOSS DR9 Ly-alpha Forest Flux Probability Distribution Function
Creators: name: Lee, Khee-Gan
name: Hennawi, Joseph P.
name: Spergel, David N.
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Hogg, David W.
name: Viel, Matteo
name: Bolton, James S.
name: Bailey, Stephen
name: Pieri, Matthew M.
name: Carithers, William
name: Schlegel, David J.
name: Lundgren, Britt
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
name: Suzuki, Nao
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Yeche, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ly$α$ forest transmission probability distribution function (PDF) is an established probe of the intergalactic medium (IGM) astrophysics, especially the temperature-density relationship of the IGM. We measure the transmission PDF from 3393 Baryon Oscillations Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) quasars from SDSS Data Release 9, and compare with mock spectra that include careful modeling of the noise, continuum, and astrophysical uncertainties. The BOSS transmission PDFs, measured at $\langle z \rangle = [2.3,2.6,3.0]$, are compared with PDFs created from mock spectra drawn from a suite of hydrodynamical simulations that sample the IGM temperature-density relationship, $γ$, and temperature at mean-density, $T_0$, where $T(Δ) = T_0 Δ^{γ-1}$. We find that a significant population of partial Lyman-limit systems with a column-density distribution slope of $β_\mathrm{pLLS} \sim -2$ are required to explain the data at the low-transmission end of transmission PDF, while uncertainties in the mean Ly$α$ forest transmission affect the high-transmission end. After modelling the LLSs and marginalizing over mean-transmission uncertainties, we find that $γ=1.6$ best describes the data over our entire redshift range, although constraints on $T_0$ are affected by systematic uncertainties. Within our model framework, isothermal or inverted temperature-density relationships ($γ\leq 1$) are disfavored at a significance of over 4$σ$, although this could be somewhat weakened by cosmological and astrophysical uncertainties that we did not model.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 35 pages, 25 figures
Criticality of the net-baryon number probability distribution at finite density
Creators: name: Morita, Kenji
name: Friman, Bengt
name: Redlich, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the probability distribution $P(N)$ of the net-baryon number at finite temperature and quark-chemical potential, $μ$, at a physical value of the pion mass in the quark-meson model within the functional renormalization group scheme. For $μ/T<1$, the model exhibits the chiral crossover transition which belongs to the universality class of the $O(4)$ spin system in three dimensions. We explore the influence of the chiral crossover transition on the properties of the net baryon number probability distribution, $P(N)$. By considering ratios of $P(N)$ to the Skellam function, with the same mean and variance, we unravel the characteristic features of the distribution that are related to $O(4)$ criticality at the chiral crossover transition. We explore the corresponding ratios for data obtained at RHIC by the STAR Collaboration and discuss their implications. We also examine $O(4)$ criticality in the context of binomial and negative-binomial distributions for the net proton number.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys.Lett.B
title: Marin Alsop: A study in inclusive leadership - Compact Case
Creators: name: Fletcher, Carrie J
name: Peterson, Randall
name: Rattan, Aneeta
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This case study follows the career of world-renowned orchestra conductor Marin Alsop. As a gay woman in a blatantly male-dominated (and often sexist) field, Alsop faced significant challenges in her rise to the top of the profession. At virtually every turning point on her unconventional path, Alsop received the message that she should not or could not advance - and yet she did, relying on a nuanced mix of perseverance, self-awareness, and willingness to upend the status quo.
description: LBS Case Code: CCS-22-003
The Haagerup approximation property for von Neumann algebras via quantum Markov semigroups and Dirichlet forms
Creators: name: Caspers, Martijn
name: Skalski, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46L10, Secondary 46L55

description: The Haagerup approximation property for a von Neumann algebra equipped with a faithful normal state $φ$ is shown to imply existence of unital, $φ$-preserving and KMS-symmetric approximating maps. This is used to obtain a characterisation of the Haagerup approximation property via quantum Markov semigroups (extending the tracial case result due to Jolissaint and Martin) and further via quantum Dirichlet forms.
description: 26 pages; v3 adds Corollary 5.8, corrects a mistake in Section 3 and updates references; all the main results remain unchanged. The article will appear in the Communications in Mathematical Physics
On the description of subsystems in relativistic hypersurface Bohmian mechanics
Creators: name: Dürr, Detlef
name: Lienert, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A candidate for a realistic relativistic quantum theory is the hypersurface Bohm-Dirac model. Its formulation uses a foliation of spacetime into space-like hypersurfaces. This structure may well arise from the universal wave function itself, entailing the relativistic character of the theory despite the appearance of a preferred foliation. However, to apply the theory and to make contact with the usual quantum formalism one needs a framework for the description of subsystems. The presence of spin together with the foliation renders the subsystem description more complicated as compared to the non-relativistic case with spin. In this paper, we provide such a framework in terms of an appropriate conditional density matrix and an effective wave function as well as clarify their relation, thereby generalizing previous subsystem descriptions in the non-relativistic case.
description: 15 pages
title: From Products to Experience Ecosystems: Haier's Internet of Food
Creators: name: Jacobides, Michael G
name: Duke, Lisa
name: Ma, Dalbert
name: Mittal, Aryan
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Haier had come a long way since Zhang Ruimin took it over as a failing Chinese Collective-Owned Enterprise in 1984. Since then, he'd been able to transform it into one of the world's leading appliance manufacturers, known for quality and innovation. Haier was also noted for its bold geographical expansion, which had included buying iconic European brands, such as Candy, and, in 2016, the venerable General Electric Appliances (GEA), one of the world's most established white-goods firms. Along the way, Haier pioneered a new managerial philosophy: RenDanHeYi, a policy of staying close to the user (a term Haier preferred to 'customer') where employees were encouraged to act as entrepreneurs and held accountable for their actions. More recently, it had put the digital agenda at the heart of its approach, leading a revolution in household appliances and aspiring to be the leading ecosystem brand in the Internet of Things (IoT) - a distinction duly conferred on it by BrandZ(TM) in 2019.
description: LBS Case Code: CCS-22-008
title: Raising capital for Financial Butler (B)
Creators: name: Bikard, Michael
name: Stroube, Bryan
name: Mark, Ken
Publisher: name: London Business School
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: FOS: Economics and business
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This case focuses on Nick Hungerford's attempt to raise capital for his FinTech start-up, Financial Butler, (later renamed Nutmeg). The concept is a digital platform offering a revolutionary, transparent and fair service to an 'untapped' market segment currently not served by wealth managers, 'democratising' access to quality financial advice for individuals. The case describes how the protagonist evaluates the opportunity, creates a strategy to raise funding for the business and reacts to obstacles in his path to creating a FinTech firm. It is split into three parts. The 'A' case provides the background to the venture, data on the industry and market and examples of Hungerford's first pitch. The 'B' case reveals that Hungerford's many pitches have ended in failure, obliging him to refine his approach; the 'C' case reveals how he finally achieved success on his 48th pitch to a venture capital firm.
description: LBS Case Code: CS-17-008