cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Light-Induced Manipulation of Passive and Active Microparticles
Creators: name: Arya, Pooja
name: Umlandt, Maren
name: Jelken, Joachim
name: Feldmann, David
name: Lomadze, Nino
name: Asmolov, Evgeny S.
name: Vinogradova, Olga I.
name: Santer, Svetlana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider sedimented at a solid wall particles that are immersed in water containing small additives of photosensitive ionic surfactants. It is shown that illumination with an appropriate wavelength, a beam intensity profile, shape and size could lead to a variety of dynamic, both unsteady and steady-state, configurations of particles. These dynamic, well-controlled and switchable particle patterns at the wall are due to an emerging diffusio-osmotic flow that takes its origin in the adjacent to the wall electrostatic diffuse layer, where the concentration gradients of surfactant are induced by light. The conventional nonporous particles are passive and can move only with already generated flow. However, porous colloids actively participate themselves in the flow generation mechanism at the wall, which also sets their interactions that can be very long ranged. This light-induced diffusio-osmosis opens novel avenues to manipulate colloidal particles and assemble them to various patterns. We show in particular how to create and split optically the confined regions of particles of tunable size and shape, where well controlled flow-induced forces on the colloids could result in their cristalline packing, formation of dilute lattices of well-separated particles, and other states.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
title: SHAP-IQ: Unified Approximation of any-order Shapley Interactions
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Fabian
name: Muschalik, Maximilian
name: Kolpaczki, Patrick
name: Hüllermeier, Eyke
Publisher: name: Curran Associates, Inc.
Year: 2023

description: Predominately in explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) research, the Shapley value (SV) is applied to determine feature attributions for any black box model. Shapley interaction indices extend the SV to define any-order feature interactions. Defining a unique Shapley interaction index is an open research question and, so far, three definitions have been proposed, which differ by their choice of axioms. Moreover, each definition requires a specific approximation technique. Here, we propose SHAPley Interaction Quantification (SHAP-IQ), an efficient sampling-based approximator to compute Shapley interactions for arbitrary cardinal interaction indices (CII), i.e. interaction indices that satisfy the linearity, symmetry and dummy axiom. SHAP-IQ is based on a novel representation and, in contrast to existing methods, we provide theoretical guarantees for its approximation quality, as well as estimates for the variance of the point estimates. For the special case of SV, our approach reveals a novel representation of the SV and corresponds to Unbiased KernelSHAP with a greatly simplified calculation. We illustrate the computational efficiency and effectiveness by explaining language, image classification and high-dimensional synthetic models.
Triplets of Quasars at high redshift I: Photometric data
Creators: name: Alonso, M. Victoria
name: Coldwell, Georgina V.
name: Sochting, Ilona
name: Bornancini, Carlos
name: Smith, Malcolm G.
name: Lambas, Diego Garcia
name: Rest, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted an optical and infrared imaging in the neighbourhoods of 4 triplets of quasars. R, z', J and Ks images were obtained with MOSAIC II and ISPI at Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory. Accurate relative photometry and astrometry were obtained from these images for subsequent use in deriving photometric redshifts. We analyzed the homogeneity and depth of the photometric catalog by comparing with results coming from the literature. The good agreement shows that our magnitudes are reliable to study large scale structure reaching limiting magnitudes of R = 24.5, z' = 22.5, J = 20.5 and Ks = 19.0. With this catalog we can study the neighbourhoods of the triplets of quasars searching for galaxy overdensities such as groups and galaxy clusters.
description: The paper contains 12 figures and 3 tables
Boundary effects in two-band superconductors
Creators: name: Benfenati, Andrea
name: Samoilenka, Albert
name: Babaev, Egor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a microscopic study of the behavior of the order parameters near boundaries of a two-band superconducting material, described by the standard tight-binding Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer model. We find superconducting surface states. The relative difference between bulk and surface critical temperatures is a nontrivial function of the interband coupling strength. For superconductors with weak interband coupling, boundaries induce variations of the gaps with the presence of multiple length scales, despite non-zero interband Josephson coupling.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Stabilization mechanism of edge states in graphene
Creators: name: Sasaki, K.
name: Murakami, S.
name: Saito, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known that edge states of a graphite ribbon are zero-energy, localized eigen-states. We show that next nearest-neighbor hopping process decreases the energy of the edge states at zigzag edge with respect to the Fermi energy. The energy reduction of the edge states is calculated analytically by first-order perturbation theory and numerically. The resultant model is consistent with the peak of recent scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, final version to appear in Applied Physics Letters
Breast cancer screening motivation and behaviours of women aged over 75 years
Creators: name: Dickson-Swift, Virginia
name: Adams, Joanne
name: Spelten, Evelien
name: Blackberry, Irene
name: Wilson, Carlene
name: Yuen, Eva
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 320224
subject: Rural clinical health
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 3211
subject: Oncology and carcinogenesis

description: Objective: In Australia, breast screening is offered free every two years to women aged 50–74 years. Women aged ≥75 are eligible to receive a free mammogram but do not receive an invitation. This study aimed to explore the motivations and behaviours of women living in Australia aged ≥75 years regarding ongoing breast cancer screening given the public health guidance. Methods: Sixty women aged ≥75 were recruited from metropolitan, regional, and rural areas across Australia to participate in a descriptive qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were used to seek reflection on women's experience of screening, any advice they had received about screening beyond 75, their understanding of the value of screening and their intention to participate in the future. Thematic analysis of transcripts led to the development of themes. Results: Themes resulting from the study included: reasons to continue and discontinue screening, importance of inclusivity in the health system and availability of information. Regular screeners overwhelmingly wished to continue screening and had strong beliefs in the benefits of screening. Women received limited information about the benefits or harms of screening beyond age 75 and very few had discussed screening with their Primary Healthcare Provider. No longer receiving an invitation to attend screening impacted many women's decision-making. Conclusion: More information via structured discussion with health professionals is required to inform women about the risks and benefits of ongoing screening. No longer being invited to attend screening left many women feeling confused and for some this led to feelings of discrimination.
[Elicitation session in pairs]
Creators: name: Palacio, Philip Tim
name: Prendergast, Eric
name: Stark, Tammy
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cab

description: 4 WAV, 4 TextGrid, and 3 TXT files.
Possessive structures and gender marking (ehp_01, ehp_02).
Elicitation of adpositions (tes)
title: Koopman Kernel Regression
Creators: name: Bevanda, Petar
name: Beier, Max
name: Lederer, Armin
name: Sosnowski, Stefan
name: Hüllermeier, Eyke
name: Hirche, Sandra
Publisher: name: Curran Associates, Inc.
Year: 2023

description: Many machine learning approaches for decision making, such as reinforcement learning, rely on simulators or predictive models to forecast the time-evolution of quantities of interest, e.g., the state of an agent or the reward of a policy. Forecasts of such complex phenomena are commonly described by highly nonlinear dynamical systems, making their use in optimization-based decision-making challenging.Koopman operator theory offers a beneficial paradigm for addressing this problem by characterizing forecasts via linear time-invariant (LTI) ODEs, turning multi-step forecasts into sparse matrix multiplication.Though there exists a variety of learning approaches, they usually lack crucial learning-theoretic guarantees, making the behavior of the obtained models with increasing data and dimensionality unclear.We address the aforementioned by deriving a universal Koopman-invariant reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) that solely spans transformations into LTI dynamical systems. The resulting Koopman Kernel Regression (KKR) framework enables the use of statistical learning tools from function approximation for novel convergence results and generalization error bounds under weaker assumptions than existing work. Our experiments demonstrate superior forecasting performance compared to Koopman operator and sequential data predictors in RKHS.
An experimental test of the Jarzynski equality in a mechanical experiment
Creators: name: Douarche, F.
name: Ciliberto, S.
name: Petrosyan, A.
name: Rabbiosi, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have experimentally checked the Jarzynski equality and the Crooks relation on the thermal fluctuations of a macroscopic mechanical oscillator in contact with a heat reservoir. We found that, independently of the time scale and amplitude of the driving force, both relations are satisfied. These results give credit, at least in the case of Gaussian fluctuations, to the use of these relations in biological and chemical systems to estimate the free energy difference between two equilibrium states. An alternative method to estimate of the free nergy difference in isothermal process is proposed too.
description: submitted to Europhysics Letters
MPEC 2024-T226 : 2024 TT8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TT8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
INTEGRAL high energy behaviour of 4U 1812-12
Creators: name: Tarana, A.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Ubertini, P.
name: Cocchi, M.
name: Gotz, D.
name: Capitanio, F.
name: Bird, A. J.
name: Fiocchi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low mass X-ray binary system 4U 1812-12 was monitored with the INTEGRAL observatory in the period 2003-2004 and with BeppoSAX on April 20, 2000. We report here on the spectral and temporal analysis of both persistent and burst emission. The full data set confirms the persistent nature of this burster, and reveals the presence of emission up to 200 keV. The persistent spectrum is well described by a comptonization (CompTT) model plus a soft blackbody component. The source was observed in a hard spectral state with a 1-200 keV luminosity of 2*10^(36) ergs/s and L/LEdd~1% and no meaningful flux variation has been revealed, as also confirmed by a 2004 RXTE observation. We have also detected 4 bursts showing double peaked profiles and blackbody spectra with temperatures ranging from 1.9 to 3.1 keV.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication by A&A
XALQARO TURIZMDA TURISTIK MARSHRUTLARNI TASHKIL QILINISHI (DAVLATLAR MIQYOSIDA)
Creators: name: Sayfullayeva, Malohat
name: Yo`ldoshev, Abdumalik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada xalqaro turizm sohasida turistik marshrutlarni tashkil qilish jarayoni, uning bosqichlari, davlatlararo hamkorlik mexanizmlari hamda zamonaviy talablar asosida marshrutlarni shakllantirish tamoyillari tahlil qilingan. Shuningdek, dunyoning turli mintaqalarida, xususan Yevropa, Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyo va Markaziy Osiyodagi muvaffaqiyatli xalqaro turistik yo‘nalishlar misolida marshrutlar samaradorligi ko‘rsatib berilgan. O‘zbekiston misolida turizm salohiyati va xalqaro marshrutlarga qo‘shilish imkoniyatlari yoritilgan. Maqolada statistik ma’lumotlar va real holat tahlillari asosida xalqaro turizmning rivojlanishiga xizmat qiluvchi omillar va istiqbollar haqida xulosa chiqarilgan.
Crossing Symmetric Dispersion Relations in QFTs
Creators: name: Sinha, Aninda
name: Zahed, Ahmadullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For 2-2 scattering in quantum field theories, the usual fixed $t$ dispersion relation exhibits only two-channel symmetry. This paper considers a crossing symmetric dispersion relation, reviving certain old ideas in the 1970s. Rather than the fixed $t$ dispersion relation, this needs a dispersion relation in a different variable $z$, which is related to the Mandelstam invariants $s,t,u$ via a parametric cubic relation making the crossing symmetry in the complex $z$ plane a geometric rotation. The resulting dispersion is manifestly three-channel crossing symmetric. We give simple derivations of certain known positivity conditions for effective field theories, including the null constraints, which lead to two sided bounds and derive a general set of new non-perturbative inequalities. We show how these inequalities enable us to locate the first massive string state from a low energy expansion of the four dilaton amplitude in type II string theory. We also show how a generalized (numerical) Froissart bound, valid for all energies, is obtained from this approach.
description: v3: 6+7 pages, 4 figures, Feynman block discussion added, version to appear in Physical Review Letters
Cattle Accumulation and Land Use Intensification by Households in the Brazilian Amazon
Creators: name: Caviglia-Harris, Jill L.
name: Caviglia-Harris, Jill L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Latin America
subject: Brazil
subject: household production
subject: land use
subject: cattle
subject: deforestation

description: In developing countries across the globe the impact of livestock on deforestation levels has been profound. This paper explores the role of the cattle industry in household decision making for small landholders in the Brazilian Amazon. Important inquiries raised in the literature are addressed, including the determinants of the co-evolution of deforestation and cattle herds, the possibility of production specialization, and the role of cattle in household livelihoods. Panel data suggest that households have changed focus from crop introduction to cattle. Empirical models reveal that location, wealth, and education are among the important determinants of production decisions and cattle accumulation. Policy recommendations include a focus on the cattle sector coupled with initiatives to establish and enforce protected areas.
Dynamics of magnetized particles around Einstein-Æther black hole with uniform magnetic field
Creators: name: Rayimbaev, Javlon
name: Abdujabbarov, Ahmadjon
name: Jamil, Mubasher
name: Han, Wen-Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is devoted to study the effects of Einstein-Æther gravity on the dynamics of magnetized particles orbiting a static, spherically symmetric and uncharged black hole immersed in an external asymptotically uniform magnetic field in both comoving and proper observers frames. The analysis is carried out by varying the free parameters $c_{13}$ and $c_{14}$ of the Einstein-Æther theory and noticing their impacts on the particle trajectories, radii of the innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs), and the amount of center-of-mass energy produced as a result of the collision. The strength of the magnetic field and the location of circular orbits is significantly affected by varying the above free parameters. We have also made detailed comparisons between the effects of parameters of Einstein-Æther and spin of rotating Kerr black holes on ISCO followed by magnetized particles and noticed that both black holes depict similar behaviour for suitable values of $c_{13}$, $c_{14}$, spin and the magnetic coupling parameters which provide exactly the same values for the ISCO. Finally, we have analysed the cases when a static Æther black hole can be described as Schwarzschild black hole in modified gravity (MOG) with the corresponding values of the parameters of the black holes.
description: 17 pages, to appear in Nuclear Physics B
title: Exploring the experiences of the new graduate registered nurse in caring for the deteriorating patient in rural areas
Creators: name: Towner, Elaine
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 420505
subject: Nursing workforce
classificationCode: 420599
subject: Nursing not elsewhere classified

description: Care and management of patient deterioration is an integral part of a nurse’s role. Yet, New Graduate Registered Nurses (NGRNs) often feel unprepared to care for the deteriorating patient. Whilst literature has recognised NGRNs working within metropolitan areas feel ill-equipped to care for deteriorating patients, there is paucity in the literature focused on NGRNs experiences within the rural context. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences of NGRNs in caring for the deteriorating patient in rural areas. This study employed a qualitative design underpinned by a descriptive phenomenological approach. Data were collected via in-depth interviews with seven NGRN participants. Data were subjected to thematic analysis with three themes emerging from the data. The first theme Transition to the rural team, illuminates participants’ experiences of their first encounters of patient deterioration and how the small team in rural practice influenced these experiences. The second theme, Practice support for managing deterioration, highlights the importance of support from experienced rural nurses, and the third theme, The road to confidence, reveals participants’ on-going and desire for development within the context of working rurally and the provision of care for the deteriorating patient. Findings of the study highlight the challenges for NGRNs in rural inpatient health services in caring for the deteriorating patient. The findings have implications for tertiary undergraduate education and those supporting NGRNs in their transition to practice in rural areas. Enhancement of NGRNs’ skills and abilities in recognition and responding to patient deterioration through both technological and personnel support has the potential to enhance patient safety within the rural healthcare environment.
Nonlinear Quantum Electrodynamics in Dirac materials
Creators: name: Keser, Aydin C.
name: Lyanda-Geller, Yuli
name: Sushkov, Oleg P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical electromagnetism is linear. However, fields can polarize the vacuum Dirac sea, causing quantum nonlinear electromagnetic phenomena, e.g., scattering and splitting of photons, that occur only in very strong fields found in neutron stars or heavy ion colliders.We show that strong nonlinearity arises in Dirac materials at much lower fields $\sim 1\:\text{T}$, allowing us to explore the nonperturbative, extremely high field limit of quantum electrodynamics in solids. We explain recent experiments in a unified framework and predict a new class of nonlinear magneto-electric effects, including a magnetic enhancement of dielectric constant of insulators and a strong electric modulation of magnetization. We propose experiments and discuss the applications in novel materials.
description: 6+12 pages, 2+1 figures, 1 Supplement, prepared by using revtex 4.1
A compactly supported formula for equivariant localization, and, simplicial complexes of Bialynicki-Birula decompositions
Creators: name: Knutson, Allen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D20; 55U10; 55N91

description: Let X be a projective scheme carrying a circle action S with isolated fixed points. We associate a simplicial complex Delta(X,S) of "closure chains" using a refinement of its Morse/Bialynicki-Birula decomposition. If this decomposition is a stratification (e.g. when X is a flag manifold), then Delta(X,S) is just the order complex of the poset of fixed points. For X a toric variety, Delta(X,S) is a triangulation of the moment polytope. We compute some other examples, including a Bott-Samelson manifold and the punctual Hilbert scheme of 4 points in the plane. Summing over the facets of Delta(X,S), we obtain a positive formula for the Duistermaat-Heckman measure on the moment polytope of X, defined for any torus action extending S. We explain how, through brutal use of partial fractions, this can be extended to an AB/BV-type formula for integrating general classes. Throughout we work with equivariant Chow groups, and do not make any smoothness requirements on X.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures
Intermittency of velocity circulation in quantum turbulence
Creators: name: Müller, Nicolás P.
name: Polanco, Juan Ignacio
name: Krstulovic, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The velocity circulation, a measure of the rotation of a fluid within a closed path, is a fundamental observable in classical and quantum flows. It is indeed a Lagrangian invariant in inviscid classical fluids. In quantum flows, circulation is quantized, taking discrete values that are directly related to the number and the orientation of thin vortex filaments enclosed by the path. By varying the size of such closed loop, the circulation provides a measure of the dependence of the flow structure on the considered scale. Here we consider the scale dependence of circulation statistics in quantum turbulence, using high resolution direct numerical simulations of a generalized Gross-Pitaevskii model. Results are compared to the circulation statistics obtained from simulations of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. When the integration path is smaller than the mean inter-vortex distance, the statistics of circulation in quantum turbulence displays extreme intermittent behavior due to the quantization of circulation, in stark contrast with the viscous scales of classical flows. In contrast, at larger scales, circulation moments display striking similarities with the statistics probed in the inertial range of classical turbulence. This includes the emergence of the power law scalings predicted from Kolmogorov's 1941 theory, as well as intermittency deviations that closely follow the recently proposed bifractal model for circulation moments in classical flows. To date, this is the most convincing evidence of intermittency in the large scales of quantum turbulence. Moreover, our results strongly reinforce the resemblance between classical and quantum turbulence, highlighting the universality of inertial range dynamics, including intermittency, across these two a priori very different systems.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures; accepted in Phys. Rev. X
An Empirical Analysis of Internet Use by U.S. Farmers
Creators: name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Park, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: computers
subject: count data method
subject: education
subject: farm households
subject: Internet applications

description: The Internet may reduce constraints on a farmer's ability to receive and manage information, regardless of where the farm is located or when the information is used. Using a count data estimation procedure, this study attempts to examine the key farm, operator, regional, and household characteristics that influence the number of Internet applications used by farm households. Findings indicate that educational level of the farm operator, farm size, farm diversification, off-farm income, off-farm investments, and regional location of the farm have a significant impact on the number of Internet applications used.
Thermal order in large N conformal gauge theories
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Soumyadeep
name: Choi, Changha
name: Rabinovici, Eliezer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we explore the possibility of spontaneous breaking of global symmetries at all nonzero temperatures for conformal field theories (CFTs) in $D = 4$ space-time dimensions. We show that such a symmetry-breaking indeed occurs in certain families of non-supersymmetric large $N$ gauge theories at a planar limit. We also show that this phenomenon is accompanied by the system remaining in a persistent Brout-Englert-Higgs (BEH) phase at any temperature. These analyses are motivated by the work done in arXiv:2005.03676 where symmetry-breaking was observed in all thermal states for certain CFTs in fractional dimensions. In our case, the theories demonstrating the above features have gauge groups which are specific products of $SO(N)$ in one family and $SU(N)$ in the other. Working in a perturbative regime at the $N\rightarrow\infty$ limit, we show that the beta functions in these theories yield circles of fixed points in the space of couplings. We explicitly check this structure up to two loops and then present a proof of its survival under all loop corrections. We show that under certain conditions, an interval on this circle of fixed points demonstrates both the spontaneous breaking of a global symmetry as well as a persistent BEH phase at all nonzero temperatures. The broken global symmetry is $\mathbb{Z}_2$ in one family of theories and $U(1)$ in the other. The corresponding order parameters are expectation values of the determinants of bifundamental scalar fields in these theories. We characterize these symmetries as baryon-like symmetries in the respective models.
description: 116 pages, v4: typos have been corrected, comments and references have been added, version matches with the published one
Spatial and Spectral Mode-Selection Effects in Topological Lasers with Frequency-Dependent Gain
Creators: name: Seclì, Matteo
name: Ozawa, Tomoki
name: Capone, Massimo
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a semiclassical theory of laser oscillation into a chiral edge state of a topological photonic system endowed with a frequency-dependent gain. As an archetypal model of this physics, we consider a Harper-Hofstadter lattice embedding population-inverted two-level atoms as gain material. We show that a suitable design of the spatial distribution of gain and of its spectral shape provides flexible mode selection mechanisms that can stabilize single-mode lasing into an edge state. Implications of our results for recent experiments are outlined.
description: Main Text: 11 pages, 3 figures. Supplementary Information: 13 pages, 6 figures. To be published in APL Photonics. With respect to version 1 we've carried out a thorough revision of the main text and a minor revision of the supplementary information, and we've added a time-frequency analysis in the supplementary information
Using DEA and VEA to Evaluate Quality of Life in the Mid-Atlantic States
Creators: name: Marshall, Elizabeth P.
name: Shortle, James S.
name: Marshall, Elizabeth P.
name: Shortle, James S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: data envelopment analysis
subject: value efficiency analysis
subject: quality of life

description: In this study we use data envelopment analysis (DEA) and an extension of DEA called value efficiency analysis (VEA) to explore the "production" of quality of life within counties in the mid-Atlantic region and the extent to which production frontiers and efficiency differ between rural and urban counties. These methods allow us to identify counties that are inefficient in their quality of life production, and to rank (using DEA) those counties according to their distance from a performance standard established by other observed counties(using VEA), or by a single unit designated as "most preferred" (using VEA).
Analysis of Cardinal and Ordinal Assumptions in Conjoint Analysis
Creators: name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Fields, Deacue
name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Fields, Deacue
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: ordered probit
subject: two-limit probit
subject: conjoint analysis
subject: cardinality

description: Of twenty-three agricultural economics conjoint analyses conducted between 1990 and 2001, seventeen used interval-rating scales, with estimation procedures varying widely. This study tests cardinality assumptions in conjoint analysis when interval-rating scales are used, and tests whether the ordered probit or two-limit tobit model is the most valid. Results indicate that cardinality assumptions are invalid, but estimates of the underlying utility scale for the two models do not differ. Thus, while the ordered probit model is theoretically more appealing, the two-limit tobit model may be more useful in practice, especially in cases with limited degrees of freedom, such as with individual-level conjoint models.
Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on Agricultural Prices
Creators: name: Awokuse, Titus O.
name: Awokuse, Titus O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: agricultural prices
subject: cointegration
subject: directed acyclic graphs
subject: monetary policy
subject: VAR

description: Existing empirical evidence on the impact of macroeconomic variables on agriculture remains mixed and inconclusive. This paper re-examines the dynamic relationship between monetary policy variables and agricultural prices using alternative vector autoregression (VAR) type model specifications. Directed acyclic graph theory is proposed as an alternative modeling approach to supplement existing modeling methods. Similar to results in other studies, this study's findings show that over the time period analyzed (1975-2000), changes to money supply as a monetary policy tool had little or no impact on agricultural prices. The primary macroeconomic policy instrument that affects agricultural prices is the exchange rate, which is shown to be directly linked to interest rate, a source of monetary policy shock.
[Elicitation session in pairs]
Creators: name: Palacio, Philip Tim
name: Chen, I-Hsuan
name: Kang, Shinae
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cab

description: 4 WAV, 4 TextGrid, and 4 TXT files.
Imperatives in Garifuna (ihc_sak_01, ihc_sak_02).
Garifuna sentences with negation (ihc_sak_03, ihc_sak_04).
Farmland Preservation and Residential Density: Can Development Rights Markets Affect Land Use?
Creators: name: McConnell, Virginia D.
name: Kopits, Elizabeth
name: Walls, Margaret
name: McConnell, Virginia D.
name: Kopits, Elizabeth
name: Walls, Margaret
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land preservation
subject: development
subject: markets
subject: density

description: This paper examines transferable development rights (TDRs) policies as a way to preserve farmland and change the density of development. Characteristics of TDR markets are described, including why they might promote efficiency, and the difficulties that arise in implementing them. Evidence from an established TDR program in Calvert County, Maryland, is used to assess the potential for TDRs to influence subdivision density, and to achieve local land preservation goals. The Calvert program has succeeded in creating an active and stable TDR market, and has therefore preserved a large amount of farmland in the region. But we find that the demand for additional density permitted with TDRs occurs mostly in rural areas and not in the higher density town centers and residential areas.
Jacobi Identity for Vertex Algebras in Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Bakalov, Bojko
name: Nikolov, Nikolay M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Vertex algebras in higher dimensions provide an algebraic framework for investigating axiomatic quantum field theory with global conformal invariance. We develop further the theory of such vertex algebras by introducing formal calculus techniques and investigating the notion of polylocal fields. We derive a Jacobi identity which together with the vacuum axiom can be taken as an equivalent definition of vertex algebra.
description: 35 pages, references added
Implications of a Carbon-Based Energy Tax for U.S. Agriculture
Creators: name: Schneider, Uwe A.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: Schneider, Uwe A.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: energy tax
subject: greenhouse gas policy
subject: U.S. agricultural sector
subject: bioenergy
subject: mathematical programming

description: Policies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions are likely to increase energy prices. Higher energy prices raise farmer costs for diesel and other fuels, irrigation water, farm chemicals, and grain drying. Simultaneously, renewable energy options become more attractive to agricultural producers. We consider both of these impacts, estimating the economic and environmental consequences of higher energy prices on U.S. agriculture. To do this we employ a price-endogenous agricultural sector model and solve that model for a range of carbon-tax-based energy price changes. Our results show mostly positive impacts on net farm income in the intermediate run. Through market price adjustments, fossil fuel costs are largely passed on to consumers. Additional farm revenue arises from the production of biofuels when carbon taxes reach $30 per ton of carbon or more. Positive environmental benefits include not only greenhouse gas emission offsets but also reduced levels of nitrogen leaching.
Focusing the Latent Heat Release in 3D Phase Field Simulations of Dendritic Crystal Growth
Creators: name: Strachota, Pavel
name: Wodecki, Aleš
name: Beneš, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 80A22, 35K51 (Primary) 74N05, 35K57 (Secondary)

description: We investigate a family of phase field models for simulating dendritic growth of a pure supercooled substance. The central object of interest is the reaction term in the Allen-Cahn equation, which is responsible for spatial distribution of latent heat release during solidification. In this context, several existing forms of the reaction term are analyzed. Inspired by the known conclusions of matched asymptotic analysis, we propose new variants that are simple enough to allow mathematical and numerical analysis and robust enough to be applicable to solidification under very large supercooling. The resulting models are tested in a number of numerical simulations focusing on mesh-dependence and model parameter settings. Despite the phase interface thickness being relatively large to make numerical computations feasible, the obtained results exhibit a good quantitative agreement with experimental data from rapid solidification of nickel melts.
description: v4: Substantial improvements and reformulations of the text AND the abstract. This revision is based on the reviewer's report we received as the paper was rejected by Elsevier's Computational Materials Science. However, the results remain valid. The resulting improved text has been submitted to IOP Science's MSMSE
Locally finite simple weight modules over twisted generalized Weyl algebras
Creators: name: Hartwig, Jonas T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G99 (Primary); 16D60, 81R10, 17B37 (Secondary)

description: We present methods and explicit formulas for describing simple weight modules over twisted generalized Weyl algebras. When a certain commutative subalgebra is finitely generated over an algebraically closed field we obtain a classification of a class of locally finite simple weight modules as those induced from simple modules over a subalgebra isomorphic to a tensor product of noncommutative tori. As an application we describe simple weight modules over the quantized Weyl algebra.
description: 28 pages
Additional file 8 of Pi-starvation induced transcriptional changes in barley revealed by a comprehensive RNA-Seq and degradome analyses
Creators: name: Sega, Pawel
name: Kruszka, Katarzyna
name: Bielewicz, Dawid
name: Karlowski, Wojciech
name: Przemyslaw Nuc
name: Szweykowska-Kulinska, Zofia
name: Pacak, Andrzej
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 8. Annotation distribution of DESs identified in barley roots and shoots.
Dynamics of the return distribution in the Korean financial market
Creators: name: Yang, Jae-Suk
name: Chae, Seungbyung
name: Jung, Woo-Sung
name: Moon, Hie-Tae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper, we studied the dynamics of the log-return distribution of the Korean Composition Stock Price Index (KOSPI) from 1992 to 2004. Based on the microscopic spin model, we found that while the index during the late 1990s showed a power-law distribution, the distribution in the early 2000s was exponential. This change in distribution shape was caused by the duration and velocity, among other parameters, of the information that flowed into the market.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
"Thought I'd Share First" and Other Conspiracy Theory Tweets from the COVID-19 Infodemic: Exploratory Study
Creators: name: Gerts, Dax
name: Shelley, Courtney D.
name: Parikh, Nidhi
name: Pitts, Travis
name: Ross, Chrysm Watson
name: Fairchild, Geoffrey
name: Chavez, Nidia Yadria Vaquera
name: Daughton, Ashlynn R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: The COVID-19 outbreak has left many people isolated within their homes; these people are turning to social media for news and social connection, which leaves them vulnerable to believing and sharing misinformation. Health-related misinformation threatens adherence to public health messaging, and monitoring its spread on social media is critical to understanding the evolution of ideas that have potentially negative public health impacts. Results: Analysis using model-labeled data was beneficial for increasing the proportion of data matching misinformation indicators. Random forest classifier metrics varied across the four conspiracy theories considered (F1 scores between 0.347 and 0.857); this performance increased as the given conspiracy theory was more narrowly defined. We showed that misinformation tweets demonstrate more negative sentiment when compared to nonmisinformation tweets and that theories evolve over time, incorporating details from unrelated conspiracy theories as well as real-world events. Conclusions: Although we focus here on health-related misinformation, this combination of approaches is not specific to public health and is valuable for characterizing misinformation in general, which is an important first step in creating targeted messaging to counteract its spread. Initial messaging should aim to preempt generalized misinformation before it becomes widespread, while later messaging will need to target evolving conspiracy theories and the new facets of each as they become incorporated.
Market Integration: Case Studies of Structural Change
Creators: name: Franken, Jason R.V.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Sykuta, Michael E.
name: Fulcher, Christopher L.
name: Franken, Jason R.V.
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Sykuta, Michael E.
name: Fulcher, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: consolidation
subject: structural change
subject: price integration

description: The grain/oilseed industry is undergoing considerable structural change through mergers and new value-added businesses, which raises price-related questions. We analyze the level of price integration prior to and following a merger between two grain firms and the start-up of a producer-owned ethanol facility. This research utilizes error correction vector autoregression analysis to compute market integration structural change effects. We find evidence that market integration initially increases with the merger, but deteriorates with time following the merger. We find no significant localized change in the level of price integration for the case of a new value-added business.
Applying the Miceli Model to Explain Cooperation in Municipal Solid Waste Management
Creators: name: Tiller, Kelly
name: Jakus, Paul M.
name: Tiller, Kelly
name: Jakus, Paul M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: regional cooperation
subject: municipal solid waste
subject: waste management
subject: regionalization

description: As traditional methods of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) become increasingly expensive due to increased regulation, many local governments are considering cooperation as a waste management strategy. A theoretical model is used to specify a partial observability probability model to analyze the decision Tennessee counties made to form either a single-county solid waste region or a multi-county region. We find that, while economies of scale may be a factor in the consolidation decision, similarities and differences between counties in current individual provision levels of solid waste services, ability to pay for services, and expectations for future solid waste service demands are statistically more important.
Importance of Cost Offsets for Dairy Farms Meeting a Nutrient Application Standard
Creators: name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Agapoff, Jean
name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Agapoff, Jean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: animal feeding operations
subject: Environmental Quality Incentive Program
subject: dairy
subject: manure nutrients

description: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requires concentrated animal feeding operations to develop and implement a comprehensive nutrient management plan. Changes in manure management to meet nutrient application standards will generally increase production costs. Some of these costs can be offset by savings from replacing commercial fertilizer with manure nutrients, and through financial assistance programs such as the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP). A manure application cost model was used to examine the costs to confined dairy farms of meeting nutrient application standards, and the ability of fertilizer offsets and EQIP to reduce these costs.
Robust Source Attribution of Synthetically Generated Western Blot Images
Creators: name: Hyatt, Matthew
name: Thiruvathukal, George K.
name: Moreira, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460404
subject: Digital forensics
classificationCode: 460304
subject: Computer vision
classificationCode: 461101
subject: Adversarial machine learning

description: Retracted papers commonly include manipulations of images and figures that are unfit for publication. While some manipulations are benign, like increasing contrast or zooming in, others are designed to fool the intended audience. Recent improvements in generative computer vision pose a security risk to scientific review since generated images are often indistinguishable from authentic bioscience evidence; even to field experts. In this work, we improve upon previous attempts to detect synthetic images by attending to their differences in the frequency domain. Additionally, we solve the multi- class classification of synthetic Western blots and attribute Western blot images to their respective generative model architecture. We demonstrate that our method outperforms previous methods for synthetic Western blot detection; including efforts to classify JPEG compressed images.Please note that this is a technical report based on preliminary research results.
AGRIBUSINESS MARKETING CENTERS: A DESCRIPTION OF THEIR FORMAT AND THEIR ACTIVITIES
Creators: name: Foster, Jason Wayne
name: Foster, Jason Wayne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This paper is to provide someone who is unfamiliar with the existence of several university organizations that specialize in the economic development and the marketing aspects as it relates to agribusiness and the food processing industries. A discussion of an organization's history, format and work performance is undertaken for selected organizations. The need, relevance and overall impact of these organizations is also offered.