cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear evolution inclusions arising from phase change models
Creators: name: Colli, Pierluigi
name: Krejčí, Pavel
name: Rocca, Elisabetta
name: Sprekels, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: nonlinear and nonlocal evolution equations
subject: Cahn-Hilliard type dynamics
subject: phase transitions models
subject: existence
subject: uniqueness
subject: long-time behaviour
subject: 47J35
subject: 35G25
subject: 82B26
subject: 74H40

description: This paper is devoted to the analysis of an abstract evolution inclusion with a non-invertible operator, motivated by problems arising in nonlocal phase separation modeling. Existence, uniqueness, and long-time behaviour of the solution to the related Cauchy problem are discussed in detail.
Conceptual Modeling for Control of a Physical Engineering Plant: A Case Study
Creators: name: Al-Fedaghi, Sabah
name: AlQallaf, Abdulaziz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We examine the problem of weaknesses in frameworks of conceptual modeling for handling certain aspects of the system being modeled. We propose the use of a flow-based modeling methodology at the conceptual level. Specifically, and without loss of generality, we develop a conceptual description that can be used for controlling the maintenance of a physical system, and demonstrate it by applying it to an existing electrical power plant system. Recent studies reveal difficulties in finding comprehensive answers for monitoring operations and identifying risks as well as the fact that incomplete information can easily lead to incorrect maintenance. A unified framework for integrated conceptualization is therefore needed. The conceptual modeling approach integrates maintenance operations into a total system comprising humans, physical objects, and information. The proposed model is constructed of (abstract) machines of things connected by flows, forming an integrated whole. It represents a man-made, intentionally constructed system and includes technical and human things observable in the real world, exemplified by the study case described in this paper. A specification is constructed from a maximum of five basic operations: creation, processing, releasing, transferring, and receiving.
description: 12 pages
Thereva morio Rondani 1863
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Therevidae
Thereva
Thereva morio

description: Thereva morio Rondani, 1863
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1863: 44.
 TYPE LOCALITY: “ Chiliae [Chile]” (Macquart 1840: 25) [type locality for Thereva lugubris Macquart, 1840].
TYPE MATERIAL: see Remarks.
 CURRENT STATUS: junior synonym of Melanothereva lugubris (Macquart, 1840) (Holston 2004: 56, Webb et al. 2013: 15).
 REMARKS: Rondani (1863: 44) moved Bibio lugubris Fabricius, 1787 to the genus Thereva Latreille, 1797 and proposed the new replacement name Thereva morio for Thereva lugubris Macquart, 1840, preoccupied by (1787: 328). The type material for Thereva morio will be the same as for the name it was proposed to replace, i. e., Thereva lugubris. The type material of this latter species is preserved in the ZMUC.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 382, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Incentive Stackelberg Strategies for a Dynamic Game on Terrorism
Creators: name: Caulkins, Jonathan
name: Behrens, Doris A.
name: Feichtinger, Gustav
name: Tragler, Gernot
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper presents a dynamic game model of international terrorism. The time horizon is finite, about the size of one presidency, or infinite. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of incentive Stackelberg strategies for both decision-makers of the game (“The West” and “International Terror Organization”) allows statements about the possibilities and limitations of terror control interventions. Recurrent behavior is excluded with monotonic variation in the frequency of terror attacks whose direction depends on when the terror organization launches its terror war. Even optimal pacing of terror control operations does not greatly alter the equilibrium of the infinite horizon game, but outcomes from the West’s perspective can be greatly improved if the game is only “played” for brief periods of time and if certain parameters could be influenced, notably those pertaining to the terror organization’s ability to recruit replacements.
Monhystera dispar Bastian 1865
Creators: name: Zullini, Aldo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1978
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Monhysterida
Monhysteridae
Monhystera
Monhystera dispar

description: 14. MONHYSTERA DISPAR Bastian 1865
 ♀: L = 0,58 mm; a=26; b = 4,2; c= 5,7; V= 63 %; c'= 6,5; distanza vulva-ano/ coda = 1,1 anﬁdifestremıtà anterioı-e/larghezza cefalica = 1.2; larghezza cefalica/lar-; ghezza del corpo al caxdla = 0,64.
a=26
Stazione 1.
description: Published as part of Zullini, Aldo, 1978, Nematodi liberi dell'Isola di Tavolara (Sardegna), pp. 67-76 in ACCADEMIA NAZIONALE DEI XL Estratto dai Rendiconti III (V) on pages 72-73, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10814862
On the Becker/Döring theory of nucleation of liquid droplets in solids
Creators: name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Duderstadt, Frank
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: nucleation
subject: kinetic of phase transition
subject: metastability
subject: surface stress
subject: GaAs
subject: elasticity
subject: 74A25
subject: 74A15
subject: 80A30
subject: 8.60.Nh
subject: 82.20.Db
subject: 82.20.-w
subject: 61.72.Bb
subject: 61.72.Qq
subject: 64.70.Dv

description: Nucleation of liquid precipitates in semi-insulating GaAs is accompanied by deviatoric stresses resulting from the liquid/solid misfit. A competition of surface tension and stress deviators at the interface determines the nucleation barrier. The evolution of liquid precipitates in semi-insulating GaAs is due to diffusional processes in the vicinity of the droplet. The diffusion flux results from a competition of chemical and mechanical driving forces. The size distribution of the precipitates is determined by a Becker/Döring system. The study of its properties in the presence of deviatoric stresses is the subject of this study. The main tasks of this study are: (i) We propose a new Becker/Döring model that takes thermomechanical coupling into account. (ii) We compare the current model with already existing models from the literature. Irrespective of the incorporation of mechanical stresses, the various models differ by different environments where the evolution of precipitates takes place. (iii) We determine the structure of equilibrium solutions according to the Becker/Döring model, and we compare these solutions with those that result from equilibrium thermodynamics. 
Solution of the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock equations in the Cartesian deformed harmonic oscillator basis. (I) The method
Creators: name: Dobaczewski, J.
name: Dudek, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method of solving the nuclear Skyrme-Hartree-Fock problem by using a deformed Cartesian harmonic oscillator basis. The complete list of expressions required to calculate local densities, total energy, and self-consistent fields is presented, and an implementation of the self-consistent symmetries is discussed. Formulas to calculate matrix elements in the Cartesian harmonic oscillator basis are derived for the nuclear and Coulomb interactions.
description: 26 LaTeX pages, submitted to Computer Physics Communications
Shape and Angular Distribution of the 4.438-MeV Line from Proton Inelastic Scattering off 12C
Creators: name: Kiener, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emission of the 4.438-MeV gamma-ray line in proton inelastic scattering off 12C has been investigated in detail. The correlated scattering and emission process is described independently for the direct reaction mechanism and for the compound-nucleus (CN) component. The inelastic scattering process for direct reactions is treated with a coupled-channels nuclear reaction code, while the CN component is described as a superposition of separate resonances with definite spin and parity, treated with the angular momentum coupling theory. The calculations are compared to a comprehensive data set on measured line shapes and angular distributions in the proton energy range E_p = 5.44 - 25.0 MeV. In the range E_p ~ 12 - 25 MeV a good agreement is obtained in calculations assuming direct reactions with only a negligible part of CN reactions. At lower energy, the data are reproduced by incoherent sums of the direct component with typically one CN resonance. Based on these results, the prospectives for line shape calculations applied to solar flares and gamma-ray emission in proton radiotherapy are discussed.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted for publication in the Proceedings of the 36th International Workshop on Nuclear Theory (IWNT36-2017)
Whitham modulation theory for (2+1)-dimensional equations of Kadomtsev-Petviashvili type
Creators: name: Ablowitz, Mark J.
name: Biondini, Gino
name: Rumanov, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74J30, 76B15, 76B25, 35Q53, 35Q35

description: Whitham modulation theory for certain two-dimensional evolution equations of Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) type is presented. Three specific examples are considered in detail: the KP equation, the two-dimensional Benjamin-Ono (2DBO) equation and a modified KP (m2KP) equation. A unified derivation is also provided. In the case of the m2KP equation, the corresponding Whitham modulation system exhibits features different from the other two. The approach presented here does not require integrability of the original evolution equation. Indeed, while the KP equation is known to be a completely integrable equation, the 2DBO equation and the m2KP equation are not known to be integrable. In each of the cases considered, the Whitham modulation system obtained consists of five first-order quasilinear partial differential equations. The Riemann problem (i.e. the analogue of the Gurevich-Pitaevskii problem) for the one-dimensional reduction of the m2KP equation is studied. For the m2KP equation, the system of modulation equations is used to analyze the linear stability of traveling wave solutions.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures
Incentive Stackelberg Strategies for a Dynamic Game on Terrorism
Creators: name: Behrens, Doris A.
name: Caulkins, Jonathan P.
name: Feichtinger, Gustav
name: Tragler, Gernot
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper presents a dynamic game model of international terrorism. The time horizon is finite, about the size of one presidency, or infinite. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of incentive Stackelberg strategies for both decision-makers of the game (“The West” and “International Terror Organization”) allows statements about the possibilities and limitations of terror control interventions. Recurrent behavior is excluded with monotonic variation in the frequency of terror attacks whose direction depends on when the terror organization launches its terror war. Even optimal pacing of terror control operations does not greatly alter the equilibrium of the infinite horizon game, but outcomes from the West’s perspective can be greatly improved if the game is only “played” for brief periods of time and if certain parameters could be influenced, notably those pertaining to the terror organization’s ability to recruit replacements.
Nonlocal charges of T-dual strings
Creators: name: Hatsuda, Machiko
name: Mizoguchi, Shun'ya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain sets of infinite number of conserved nonlocal charges of strings in a flat space and pp-wave backgrounds, and compare them before and after T-duality transformation. In the flat background the set of nonlocal charges is the same before and after the T-duality transformation with interchanging odd and even-order charges. In the IIB pp-wave background an infinite number of nonlocal charges are independent, contrast to that in a flat background only the zero-th and first order charges are independent. In the IIA pp-wave background, which is the T-dualized compactified IIB pp-wave background, the zero-th order charges are included as a part of the set of nonlocal charges in the IIB background. To make this correspondence complete a variable conjugate to the winding number is introduced as a Lagrange multiplier in the IIB action a la Buscher's transformation.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure
title: Development of a Procedure for Analysis of High Density Lipoprotein Subclasses
Creators: name: Chin, Chan
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1982

description: uman serum high density lipoprotein subclasses, HDL2 and HDL3 , were isolated by preparative salt density gradient ultracentrifugation and further analyzed by electrophoresis on a 4 to 15% concentration gradient polyacrylamide gel.

The separation of the major classes of serum lipoproteins was achieved after a single ultracentrifugation for 272,000 g at 15°c in a swinging bucket rotor. High resolution concentration gradient gel electrophoresis was found to be particularly suitable for the separation of lipoproteins. The isolation of HDL by precipitation methods, heparin-manganese and dextran-magnesium have also been evaluated in this study, and were found not to completely separate HDL from apo B containing lipoproteins.

The combined procedure of salt gradient ultracentrifugation for isolation of serum HDL and concentration gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of HDL2 and HDL3 was further evaluated with a series of normal and lipemic sera. The results suggested that the new procedures can be adopted by the clinical laboratory for the evaluation of serum HDL subclasses in patients with various cardiovascular diseases.
КОНТРАКТНАЯ СИСТЕМА ЗАКУПОК В КОНТЕКСТЕ РОССИЙСКИХ РЕФОРМ
Creators: name: И. И. СМОТРИЦКАЯ
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: институциональная реформа
публичные закупки
контрактная система закупок
государственные закупки
управленческие провалы
цифровизация
эффективность закупок

description: Вопросы институциональных изменений в сфере закупок товаров, работ для обеспечения общественных нужд относятся к наиболее дискуссионным и широко обсуждаемым научным и экспертным сообществами. В настоящее время идет активное реформирование институциональной модели государственных закупок и закупок предприятий государственного сектора экономики в рамках реализации стратегии цифровизации государственного управления. В то же время значительно меньше внимания уделяется исследованию существующих дисфункций в системе управления публичными закупками, снижающих потенциал эффективности процесса цифровизации, порождающих очевидные управленческие провалы в исполнении планов закупок и государственных решений. Проведенный в статье ретроспективный анализ этапов трансформации института публичных закупок в контексте концепции российских реформ позволил выделить ключевые проблемы, сложившиеся дисфункции и возникающие институциональные риски. Формирование эффективной модели контрактной системы, базирующейся на цифровизации и повышении конкурентности закупок, требует дифференциации подходов к регулированию рынка закупок, новой идеологии институциональных реформ.
New pentadienone oxime ester derivatives: synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity
Creators: name: Li, Qin
name: Zhang, Juping
name: Chen, Liu Zeng
name: Wang, Jie Quan
name: Zhou, Hai Ping
name: Tang, Wen Jian
name: Xue, Wei
name: Liu, Xin Hua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Virology

description: To develop novel anti-inflammatory agents, a series of new pentadienone oxime ester compounds were designed and synthesized. The structures were determined by IR, 1H NMR, 13 C NMR, and HRMS. All compounds have been screened for their anti-inflammatory activity by evaluating their inhibition against LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) release in RAW 264.7 cell. Among them, compound 5j was found to be one of the most potent compounds in inhibiting NO and IL-6 (IC50 values were 6.66 µM and 5.07 µM, respectively). Preliminary mechanism studies show that title compound 5j could significantly suppress expressions of nitric oxide synthase, COX-2, and NO, IL-6 through Toll-like receptor 4/mitogen-activated protein kinases/NF-κB signalling pathway. These data support further studies to assess rational design of more efficient pentadienone oxime ester derivatives with anti-inflammatory activity in the future.
Bases and the Benders Decomposition for the b-complementary Multisemigroup Dual Problem
Creators: name: Eleazar Madriz Lozada
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Multisemigroup
complementary
duality
benders decomposition

description: We show that systems of two different bases of the cone associated with an integer linear programming problem under a b-complementary Multisemigroup are equivalent. We also present the decomposition and the algorithm of Benders for the dual problem of the a b-Complementary Multisemigroup.
Hubble Space Telescope Imaging of the Circinus Galaxy
Creators: name: Wilson, A. S.
name: Shopbell, P. L.
name: Simpson, Chris
name: Storchi-Bergmann, T.
name: Barbosa, F. K. B.
name: Ward, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an HST imaging study of the nearby (4 Mpc distant) Circinus galaxy, which contains the nearest type 2 Seyfert nucleus and prominent circumnuclear star formation. Images have been obtained in the [OIII]$λ$5007, H$α$ and H$_2$ v=1--0 S(1) emission lines, and in the green (5470 Å), red (8140 Å) and near infrared (2.04 and 2.15 $μ$m) continua. An image in the [Fe II] $λ$1.644 $μ$m line has been taken with a ground-based telescope. The [OIII] and H$α$ images reveal the detailed structure of the complex of streamers and knots of high-excitation gas, which extends out of the galaxy disk. The morphology some 250 pc from the nucleus strongly suggests that the high-excitation gas is concentrated on the surface of a hollow cone with apex close to the nucleus. Such a structure may result through entrainment of dense gas from a circumnuclear torus in the galaxy disk by a low density, outflowing wind or jet. Within 40 pc of the nucleus, the high-excitation gas takes the form of a striking, filled V-shaped structure extending in the same direction as the larger scale high-excitation emission. This `V' can be described as an ionization cone, though a matter-bounded structure is also possible. The implied collimation of the ionizing photons or gaseous outflow must occur within 2 pc of the apex of the cone, presumed to be the location of the nucleus. The H$α$ image shows a complex structure of HII regions, including the well known starburst ring of radius 150 - 270 pc. In addition, there is a more compact (40 pc radius), elliptical ring of HII regions around the `ionization cone'. We argue that this latter ring, which we call the nuclear ring, is intrinsically circular and located in the plane of the galaxy disk. Abstract truncated.
description: With 12 figures, to be published in the Astronomical Journal, September 2000 issue
Solution of the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock equations in the Cartesian deformed harmonic oscillator basis. (II) The program HFODD
Creators: name: Dobaczewski, J.
name: Dudek, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the code HFODD which solves the nuclear Skyrme-Hartree-Fock problem by using the deformed Cartesian harmonic oscillator basis. The user has a possibility of choosing among various symmetries of the nuclear HF problem for rotating or non-rotating nuclei; they vary from the non-axial parity-invariant nuclear shapes, through those also breaking the intrinsic parity, towards the least-restrictive case corresponding to only one symmetry plane. The code provides a solution for a complete superdeformed rotational band in an A~150 nucleus within one CPU hour of the CRAY C-90 supercomputer or within two-three CPU hours of a fast workstation.
description: 30 LaTeX pages, 9 postscript figures included, submitted to Computer Physics Communications
Characterization of highly crystalline lead iodide nanosheets prepared by room-temperature solution processing
Creators: name: Frisenda, Riccardo
name: Island, Joshua O.
name: Lado, Jose L.
name: Giovanelli, Emerson
name: Gant, Patricia
name: Nagler, Philipp
name: Bange, Sebastian
name: Lupton, John M.
name: Schüller, Christian
name: Molina-Mendoza, Aday
name: Aballe, Lucia
name: Foerster, Michael
name: Korn, Tobias
name: Niño, Miguel Angel
name: de Lara, David Perez
name: Pérez, Emilio M.
name: Fernandéz-Rossier, Joaquín
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional semiconducting materials are particularly appealing for many applications. Although theory predicts a large number of two-dimensional materials, experimentally only a few of these materials have been identified and characterized comprehensively in the ultrathin limit. Lead iodide, which belongs to the transition metal halides family and has a direct bandgap in the visible spectrum, has been known for a long time and has been well characterized in its bulk form. Nevertheless, studies of this material in the nanometer thickness regime are rather scarce. In this article we demonstrate an easy way to synthesize ultrathin, highly crystalline flakes of PbI2 by precipitation from a solution in water. We thoroughly characterize the produced thin flakes with different techniques ranging from optical and Raman spectros-copy to temperature-dependent photoluminescence and electron microscopy. We compare the results to ab initio calculations of the band structure of the material. Finally, we fabricate photodetectors based on PbI2 and study their optoelectronic properties.
description: main text 20 pages + 10 figures, supporting information 16 pages + 17 figures
СТРУКТУРНЫЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ НА РОССИЙСКОМ РЫНКЕ ТРУДА (РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ АСПЕКТ)
Creators: name: Н. Ю. АХАПКИН
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: безработица
занятость
рабочая сила
регионы
рынок труда
структура рынка труда
экономическая активность.

description: В статье проведен анализ показателей, характеризующих развитие рынков труда регионов России в 2014–2018 гг. Показано, что динамика численности рабочей силы в российских регионах продолжает находиться в сопряжении с тенденциями распределения населения по территории страны. Определены факторы, формирующие предложение труда и численность занятых. Проанализирована динамика уровня безработицы в российских регионах, в том числе по группам регионов с разной степенью напряженности на трудовых рынках. Рассчитаны показатели, позволяющие оценить уровень региональных различий экономической активности населения, занятости и безработицы. Показано, что пространственная структура российского рынка труда, если оценивать ее по показателям, характеризующим уровень напряженности на региональных рынках, постепенно выравнивается и процесс такого выравнивания приобрел устойчивость.
In the footsteps of the Silicon Valley? Indian and Irish software in the international division of labour
Creators: name: Arora, Ashish
name: Gambardella, Alfonso
name: Torrisi, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper analyses the development of software in India and Ireland. The development patterns of the software industry in Ireland and India clearly show both the advantages and disadvantages of being a follower. The most obvious advantage is the ability to sustain growth without a broad based set of technical capabilities, at least initially. With the leaders creating and defining markets, and possibly even the business models, and the policy and technical infrastructure required, many uncertainties are greatly reduced. Moreover, in many instances, multinationals from the leading countries can catalyse growth and may even, as in Ireland, account for a substantial part of the initial growth. On the other hand, relatively narrow sources of competitive advantage imply that the firms in the follower industries tend to be similar in capabilities, with competition among them transferring the bulk of the benefits to customers overseas. Sophisticated and well established competitors located in the leading clusters stand in the way of followers moving up the value chain, leaving innovative firms to search for new niches, and ways to link to lead users. Moreover, clusters in the followers lack the thick vertical and horizontal links, that are important for knowledge spillovers, innovation and growth. However, our analysis, which s draws on the evidence collected in India and Ireland through two surveys of domestic firms and foreign-owned firms, also suggests that early success, narrowly based though it may be, can lay a foundation for future growth that is based more on innovation.
Phase-field modelling of solute trapping during rapid solidification of a Si-As alloy
Creators: name: Danilov, Denis
name: Nestler, Britta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of nonequilibrium solute trapping by a growing solid under rapid solidification conditions is studied using a phase-field model. Considering a continuous steady-state concentration profile across the diffuse solid-liquid interface, a new definition of the nonequilibrium partition coefficient in the phase-field context is introduced. This definition leads, in particular for high growth velocities, to a better description of the available experimental data in comparison with other diffuse interface and sharp-interface predictions.
description: revised version published in Acta Mater
Ginsenoside Rg1 Prevents H2O2-induced Lens Opacity
Creators: name: Zhang, Guowei
name: Zhang, Min
name: Yu, Jianfeng
name: Kang, Lihua
name: Guan, Huaijin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose: To investigate the potential function of Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) against lens opacification. Methods: Eyeballs from adult Sprague-Dawley rats were enucleated and lenses were dissected for ex vivo culture under H2O2 treatment. Water soluble protein (WSP) content, the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total glutathione (GSH), and reduced GSH were detected by indicated assays. Cell viability was performed by Cell Counting Kit-8 experiment. Exposure of 0.2 mM H2O2 in lenses resulted in obvious cloudiness and typical pathological changes of cataract such as rupture of the lens capsule, degenerative lens epithelial cells (LECs), etc. Rg1 effectively prevented lens opacity caused by H2O2. After Rg1 treatment, lens WSP content, the level of SOD, total GSH, and reduced GSH were increased, while the level of MDA and oxidized GSH were decreased. In addition, MDA concentration of lens by Rg1 treatment only was found to be lower than the controls. Rg1 attenuated H2O2-induced cell injury at the concentration of 0.4 mM that it elevated cell activity, and peaked at 0.6 mM. This study demonstrated that Rg1 might have the capability to protect lens against oxidative stress-induced cataract, at least by local administration. Abbreviations: LECs: lens epithelial cells; Rg1: Ginsenoside Rg1; SD: Sprague-Dawley; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SOD: Superoxide Dismutase; GSH: glutathione; MDA: Malonediadehyde; H2O2: Hydrogen peroxide
Supplementary table
Creators: name: Zheng, Liang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310101
subject: Analytical biochemistry
classificationCode: 321407
subject: Toxicology (incl. clinical toxicology)
classificationCode: 300605
subject: Food safety, traceability, certification and authenticity

description: This is the supplementary file for the article titled “An integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis of methylglyoxal induced neurotoxicity in a human neuroblastoma cell line” (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41538-024-00328-0). Please cite this file accordingly.
Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents H2O2-induced lens opacity
Creators: name: Zhang, Guowei
name: Zhang, Min
name: Yu, Jianfeng
name: Kang, Lihua
name: Guan, Huaijin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Purpose To investigate the potential function of Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) against lens opacification. Methods Eyeballs from adult Sprague-Dawley rats were enucleated and lenses were dissected for ex vivo culture under H2O2 treatment. Water soluble protein (WSP) content, the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total glutathione (GSH) and reduced GSH were detected by indicated assays. Cell viability were performed by Cell Counting Kit-8 experiment. Results Exposure of 0.2 mM H2O2 in lenses resulted in obvious cloudiness and typical pathological changes of cataract such as rupture of the lens capsule, degenerative lens epithelial cells (LECs), etc. Rg1 effectively prevented lens opacity caused by H2O2. After Rg1 treatment, lens WSP content, the level of SOD, total GSH and reduced GSH were increased, while the level of MDA and oxidized GSH were decreased. In addition, MDA concentration of lens by Rg1 treatment only was found to be lower than the controls. Rg1 attenuated H2O2-induced cell injury at the concentration of 0.4 mM that it elevated cell activity, and peaked at 0.6 mM. Conclusions This study demonstrated that Rg1 might have the capability to protect lens against oxidative stress-induced cataract, at least by local administration.
КИБЕРБЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ КАК ФАКТОР РАЗВИТИЯ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Creators: name: Л. А. АЛЛАХВЕРДИЕВА
name: Ф. Р. БАХШАЛИЕВ
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2019
Subjects: глобальный индекс кибербезопасности
кибербезопасность
киберпространство
интернет
цифровая экономика
цифровые платежи.

description: В статье исследуется влияние уровня кибербезопасности на показатели развития цифровой экономики. Установлено, что повышение уровня кибербезопасности в развивающихся странах приводит к более активному использованию предприятиями информационно-коммуникационных технологий для осуществления сделок (трансакций) с другими предприятиями, а также к использованию ими Интернета для продажи товаров и услуг потребителям, т.е. использование Интернета «от бизнеса к потребителю», а в развитых странах – положительно влияет лишь на использование Интернета «от бизнеса к потребителю». При этом повышение уровня кибербезопасности как в развитых, так и в развивающихся странах приводит к увеличению числа осуществляемых цифровых платежей. Однако повышение уровня кибербезопасности не всегда является достаточным для обеспечения развития цифровой экономики.
Pachyrhyna capensis Rondani 1863
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tipulidae
Pachyrhyna
Pachyrhyna capensis

description: Pachyrhyna capensis Rondani, 1863
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1863: 91.
 TYPE LOCALITY: “ Cap. B. Sp. [Cape of Good Hope (South Africa)]”.
 TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♀, syntype (missing head, thorax partially eaten by dermestids, missing right fore-, both mid-, and left hind-legs) (MZUF: Box 60): Pachyrhyna Macq. / capensis Rnd., Cap. B. Sp. [= Caput Bonae Spei (Cape of Good Hope)] / 3166; 1 ♀, syntype (MZUN: Box Coll. entomol. extra-europea, Fam. Tipulidae - Gen. Sciara a Culex): Pachyrhyna capensis Rnd., C. B. Sp. [= Caput Bonae Spei (Cape of Good Hope)] / M. Zool. N° 10877.
 CURRENT STATUS: valid species, as Nephrotoma capensis (Hutson 1980: 52, Oosterbroek 2020).
 REMARKS: Rondani (1863: 91) described Pachyrhyna capensis from just the female sex, giving a range of lengths, from material received from M. Spinola. We found two syntypes in this study. This nominal species was described under the generic name Pachyrhyna, which is an “incorrect subsequent spelling of Pachyrhina Macquart, 1834 ” (O’Hara et al. 2011: 137). Costa (1866: 40) listed a single MZUN specimen numbered “948”.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 383, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Performance and microbial ecology of biofilms adhering on aerated membrane with distinctive conditions for the treatment of domestic sewage
Creators: name: Tian, Hailong
name: Hui, Ming
name: Pan, Peipei
name: Huang, Jihong
name: Chen, Liang
name: Zhao, Jieyu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: When used to treat domestic wastewater, biofilms adhering to oxygen-permeable membranes are generally altered by environmental conditions. In this study, the effect of common conditions, including salinity, temperature, air-supplying pressure, flow velocity, influent COD, and NH4-N on the biofilm structure were determined. Principal component analysis revealed that archaeal community was more easily affected by the changing conditions than bacteria. The subsequent redundancy analysis showed that salinity had the most influence on bacteria, followed by temperature, influent COD, flow velocity, pressure, and influent NH4-N. In archaea, temperature had the highest effect, followed by flow velocity, salinity, influent NH4-N, pressure, and influent COD. The key bacterial class Anaerolineae was not easily influenced by the above conditions, but the population probably contributed to the nitrogen removal. Gammaproteobacteria was promoted significantly by influent NH4-N concentration, salinity, and pressure. Betaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria were apparently inhibited by the high salinity and contributed to the organic compound degradation. Flow velocity primarily promoted the growth of Alphaproteobacteria. Candidatus Nitrososphaera had a higher tolerance for salinity but lower tolerance for influent NH4-N than Nitrosomonas. The former probably played a more crucial role in ammoxidation. Methanomethylovorans might disrupt nitrogen removal because it could consume the carbon source for denitrification.
Implications of Inertia for Assessing Drug Control Policy: Why Upstream Interventions May Not Receive Due Credit
Creators: name: Caulkins, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Background: There is ongoing interest in assessing the effectiveness of various drug control strategies, including policy intended to reduce initiation and prevalence. Compartmental models of trajectories of drug use have been developed that demonstrate that drug “systems” display significant inertia; interventions on systems with high inertia can be difficult to evaluate. Method: The implications of inertia are illustrated by combining a new empirically-derived model of national drug initiation with a compartment model of trends in illicit drug use parameterized for Australia. Results: Typical initiation trajectories seem to display damped oscillation. Lags and interpersonal variation in the trajectories of drug use careers smooth those oscillations for measures of problem use and total drug-related social cost. Even abrupt changes in initiation – as dramatic as a two-year long 50% reduction in initiation – barely ripple the trajectory of drug-related social cost. The benefits of upstream interventions are not diminished but rather are hidden in plain sight by being spread broadly over time so that they leave only the faintest finger-print detectable by before-and-after comparison – even if the intervention has a large effect and a perfect counter-factual is available. Conclusion: Fluctuating initiation is not inconsistent with ever worsening drug problems, and the absence of clear drops in drug-related problems does not imply that an upstream intervention did not produce substantial social benefits. Hence, macro-level evaluation of upstream drug control interventions has inherent limitations. Drug use and related problems are often perceived of as stubborn, even intractable. Some of that perception stems from real limitations in the effectiveness of drug-control interventions. However, inertia inherent in the evolution of drug use can make even cost-effective interventions appear weak (and detrimental interventions appear benign).
Contaminated speech training methods for robust DNN-HMM distant speech recognition
Creators: name: Ravanelli, Mirco
name: Omologo, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the significant progress made in the last years, state-of-the-art speech recognition technologies provide a satisfactory performance only in the close-talking condition. Robustness of distant speech recognition in adverse acoustic conditions, on the other hand, remains a crucial open issue for future applications of human-machine interaction. To this end, several advances in speech enhancement, acoustic scene analysis as well as acoustic modeling, have recently contributed to improve the state-of-the-art in the field. One of the most effective approaches to derive a robust acoustic modeling is based on using contaminated speech, which proved helpful in reducing the acoustic mismatch between training and testing conditions. In this paper, we revise this classical approach in the context of modern DNN-HMM systems, and propose the adoption of three methods, namely, asymmetric context windowing, close-talk based supervision, and close-talk based pre-training. The experimental results, obtained using both real and simulated data, show a significant advantage in using these three methods, overall providing a 15% error rate reduction compared to the baseline systems. The same trend in performance is confirmed either using a high-quality training set of small size, and a large one.
Implications of Inertia for Assessing Drug Control Policy: Why Upstream Interventions May Not Receive Due Credit
Creators: name: Caulkins, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Background: There is ongoing interest in assessing the effectiveness of various drug control strategies, including policy intended to reduce initiation and prevalence. Compartmental models of trajectories of drug use have been developed that demonstrate that drug “systems” display significant inertia; interventions on systems with high inertia can be difficult to evaluate. Method: The implications of inertia are illustrated by combining a new empirically-derived model of national drug initiation with a compartment model of trends in illicit drug use parameterized for Australia. Results: Typical initiation trajectories seem to display damped oscillation. Lags and interpersonal variation in the trajectories of drug use careers smooth those oscillations for measures of problem use and total drug-related social cost. Even abrupt changes in initiation – as dramatic as a two-year long 50% reduction in initiation – barely ripple the trajectory of drug-related social cost. The benefits of upstream interventions are not diminished but rather are hidden in plain sight by being spread broadly over time so that they leave only the faintest finger-print detectable by before-and-after comparison – even if the intervention has a large effect and a perfect counter-factual is available. Conclusion: Fluctuating initiation is not inconsistent with ever worsening drug problems, and the absence of clear drops in drug-related problems does not imply that an upstream intervention did not produce substantial social benefits. Hence, macro-level evaluation of upstream drug control interventions has inherent limitations. Drug use and related problems are often perceived of as stubborn, even intractable. Some of that perception stems from real limitations in the effectiveness of drug-control interventions. However, inertia inherent in the evolution of drug use can make even cost-effective interventions appear weak (and detrimental interventions appear benign).
Meta-Abstraction Layer for AI Self-Reflection and Theory Revision
Creators: name: Nguyen, Phi Son
name: Ng, Mers
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: We propose a novel Meta-Abstraction Layer (MAL) for intelligent agents that enables self-reflection and autonomous theory revision. This layer operates above conventional perceptual and reasoning modules, monitoring the agent’s own abstractions and models to detect inconsistencies, derive higher-order insights, and refine internal theories. We review related work in meta-learning (learn-to-learn), theory-of-mind, and cognitive architectures with meta-cognitive components such as CLARION and GLAIR. Two implementation paths are explored: a symbolic/meta-reasoning approach with explicit knowledge representations and revision rules, and a neural/self-organizing approach where a network dynamically reconfigures its representations. We outline proposed experimental tasks (e.g. concept drift adaptation, incremental concept learning, dynamic planning tasks) to evaluate the MAL, and we project that agents with this layer will show improved adaptability and concept formation (with some computational overhead). We analyze advantages (e.g. robust generalization, explainability) and risks (e.g. complexity, misaligned self-modification), and we discuss whether to integrate the MAL with epistemological building blocks of Existence → Change → Abstraction → Meta-Abstraction. This work offers a comprehensive blueprint for adding a reflective, theory-building capability to AI systems, bridging gaps between meta-learning and meta-cognition.
Impact of Web Portal on Call Center: An Impirical Analysis
Creators: name: Anuj  Kumar
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Firms are investing millions to deploy web based self-services at their call centers primarily to reduce operating costs. The rationale is that the firm’s cost of interacting with customers through web based channel is an order of magnitude cheaper than the assisted channels like telephony. However, the interaction among competing channels of customer service at call center is not empirically validated so far. We conduct a field study at the call center of a prominent US health insurance firm to examine the cost saving rationale of web based self service. On one hand, the low cost- low quality web channel may substitute high cost-high quality telephony channel in some cases. Interestingly on the other hand, the web also exposes customers to more information that at times aggravates their concerns and thus leads to more telephone calls. We designed a quasi-natural experiment in our field setting and used diff-in-diff specifications to show that web based self service usage leads to 14% increase in telephone calls. We conduct several checks to show that our specifications are robust to any potential selection of customers in web self-service usage. However, we further show that the impact of web portal is moderated by the web portal characteristics and individual customer characteristics. We find that if information is unambiguous and easily retrievable on web, calls in respect to such information go down by 29%. Likewise, we also find that the absolute increase in calls due to web usage for younger customers (age<40 years) and older customers (age>60years) are much higher than the middle aged customers (age 40-60 years). In all, our research gives concrete prescriptions to managers in multichannel customer service management, web portal design and customer segmentation.