cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Demand Analysis for Fresh Tomatoes in the Dallas/Fort Worth Grocery Market.
Creators: name: Lopez, Jose
name: Davis, Charade
name: Lopez, Jose
name: Davis, Charade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Disaggregated tomato elaticities
subject: scanner data
subject: tomato types
subject: demand system

description: Tomato consumption and production have been rapidly increasing. With most of the U.S. tomatoes produced being processed, tomato imports for the fresh market are significantly greater than tomato imports for the processed market. Consequently, it is critical and increasingly valuable for fresh-market producers who sell directly to grocery chains, farmers’ markets, and food service providers to analyze emerging consumption trends as well as the substitution patterns among different types of tomatoes and vegetables. This study uses the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) to estimate the demand parameters for fresh tomatoes in the Dallas/Fort Worth grocery market using AC Nielsen Homescan data for the year 2012. Unlike previous fresh fruit and vegetable studies, the study reports disaggregated tomato elasticities, including Hicksian and Marshallian price elasticities and expenditure elasticities. The analysis identifies tomato types that are highly marketable in the Dallas/Fort Worth metropolitan area and provides insight on tomato varieties that could be grown for the region.
description: Manuscript
On the Field Renormalization Constant for Unstable Particles
Creators: name: Kniehl, Bernd A.
name: Sirlin, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently proposed normalization condition for the imaginary part of the self-energy of an unstable particle is shown to lead to a closed expression for the field renormalization constant Z. In turn, the exact expression for Z is necessary, in some important cases, in order to avoid power-like infrared divergences in high orders of perturbation theory. In the same examples, the width plays the rôle of an infrared cutoff and, consequently, Z is not an analytic function of the coupling constant.
description: 7 pages (Latex)
Spin-1 gravitational waves
Creators: name: Canfora, F.
name: Vilasi, G.
name: Vitale, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational fields invariant for a 2-dimensional Lie algebra of Killing fields [ X,Y] =Y, with Y of light type, are analyzed. The conditions for them to represent gravitational waves are verified and the definition of energy and polarization is addressed; realistic generating sources are described.
description: 18 pages, no figures. A section on possible sources has been added. Version accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys. B
Particle production in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A GeV/c
Creators: name: The NA44 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NA44 experiment has measured single particle inclusive spectra for charged pions, kaons, and protons as a function of transverse mass near mid-rapidity in 158 A GeV/$c$ Pb+Pb collisions. From the particle mass dependence of the observed $m_T$ distributions, we are able to deduce a value of about 120 MeV for the temperature at thermal freeze-out. From the observed ratios of the rapidity densities, we find values of the chemical potentials for light and strange quarks and a chemical freeze-out temperature of approximately 140 MeV.
description: 10 pages, including 11 figures and 3 tables, REVTeX, submitted to Phys. Rev. C (2nd version)
Agricultural Production Restrictions and Market Power: An Antitrust Analysis
Creators: name: Bolotova, Yuliya
name: Bolotova, Yuliya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Antitrust
subject: Capper-Volstead Act
subject: cartels
subject: cooperatives
subject: output control agreements
subject: Sherman Act.

description: During the recent decade the organizations of agricultural producers in the national dairy, potato, egg and mushroom industries implemented various pre-production and production restriction practices with the primary objective of agricultural output price stabilization. The buyers of the affected agricultural commodities have challenged the legal status of production restrictions in a number of recent and current antitrust lawsuits, arguing that the Capper-Volstead Act, a limited antitrust exemption, does not protect production restrictions. Using the theory of oligopoly, this research evaluates potential market effects of agricultural production restrictions by comparing the organizations of agricultural producers with classic illegal cartels, which harmful effects antitrust law aims to prevent. The available empirical evidence on the market and price effects of agricultural output control practices is discussed in light of the theoretical analysis.
MOESM2 of How should electronic health records be designed? A cross-sectional study in patients with psoriasis
Creators: name: Klein, Toni
name: Augustin, Matthias
name: Otten, Marina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional File 2. Tables S1-S5 with further details about subgroup analyses about the design of electronic health records (EHRs)
Transport properties of ferromagnet/d-wave superconductor/ferromagnet double junctions
Creators: name: Stefanakis, N.
name: Mélin, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate transport properties of a trilayer made of a d-wave superconductor connected to two ferromagnetic electrodes. Using Keldysh formalism we show that crossed Andreev reflection and elastic cotunneling exist also with d-wave superconductors. Their properties are controlled by the existence of zero energy states due to the anisotropy of the d-wave pair potential.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, revised version
Observation of Floquet prethermalization in dipolar spin chains
Creators: name: Peng, Pai
name: Yin, Chao
name: Huang, Xiaoyang
name: Ramanathan, Chandrasekhar
name: Cappellaro, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodically driven Floquet quantum systems provide a promising platform to investigate novel physics out of equilibrium. Unfortunately, the drive generically heats up the system to a featureless infinite temperature state. For large driving frequency, the heat absorption rate is predicted to be exponentially small, giving rise to a long-lived prethermal regime which exhibits all the intriguing properties of Floquet systems. Here we experimentally observe Floquet prethermalization using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. We first show the relaxation of a far-from-equilibrium initial state to a long-lived prethermal state, well described by the time-independent ''prethermal'' Hamiltonian. By measuring the autocorrelation of this prethermal Hamiltonian we can further experimentally confirm the predicted exponentially slow heating rate. More strikingly, we find that in the timescale when the effective Hamiltonian picture breaks down, the Floquet system still possesses other quasi-conservation laws. Our results demonstrate that it is possible to realize robust Floquet engineering, thus enabling the experimental observation of non-trivial Floquet phases of matter.
description: 5+7 pages, 3+6 figures
A biomaterial with a channel-like pore architecture induces endochondral healing of bone defects
Creators: name: Petersen, Ansgar
name: Princ, Alexander
name: Korus, Gabriela
name: Ellinghaus, Agnes
name: Herrera, Aarón
name: Klaumünzer, Amelie
name: Schreivogel, Sophie
name: Woloszyk, Anna
name: Schmidt-Bleek, Katharina
name: Geissler, Sven
name: Duda, Georg [U.V.M]
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: endochondral ossification
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Biomaterials developed to treat bone defects have classically focused on bone healing via direct, intramembranous ossification. In contrast, most bones in our body develop from a cartilage template via a second pathway called endochondral ossification. The unsolved clinical challenge to regenerate large bone defects has brought endochondral ossification into discussion as an alternative approach for bone healing. However, a biomaterial strategy for the regeneration of large bone defects via endochondral ossification is missing. Here we report on a biomaterial with a channel-like pore architecture to control cell recruitment and tissue patterning in the early phase of healing. In consequence of extracellular matrix alignment, CD146+ progenitor cell accumulation and restrained vascularization, a highly organized endochondral ossification process is induced in rats. Our findings demonstrate that a pure biomaterial approach has the potential to recapitulate a developmental bone growth process for bone healing. This might motivate future strategies for biomaterial-based tissue regeneration.
Alterations of adiponectin gene expression and DNA methylation in adipose tissues and blood cells are associated with gestational diabetes and neonatal outcome
Creators: name: Ott, Raffael
name: Stupin, Jens H.
name: Melchior, Kerstin
name: Schellong, Karen
name: Ziska, Thomas
name: Dudenhausen, Joachim W.
name: Henrich, Wolfgang
name: Rancourt, Rebecca C.
name: Plagemann, Andreas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Gestational diabetes mellitus
subject: Epigenetics
subject: DNA methylation
subject: Adiponectin
subject: Adipose tissue
subject: Blood cells
subject: Cord blood
subject: Offspring
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: BACKGROUND: Adiponectin critically contributes to metabolic homeostasis, especially by insulin-sensitizing action. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is characterized by insulin resistance leading to materno-fetal hyperglycemia and detrimental birth outcomes. By investigating paired subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as well as blood (cell) samples of GDM-affected (n = 25) vs. matched control (n = 30) mother-child dyads of the prospective "EaCH" cohort study, we addressed whether alterations of adiponectin plasma, mRNA, and DNA methylation levels are associated with GDM and offspring characteristics. RESULTS: Hypoadiponectinemia was present in women with GDM, even after adjustment for body mass index (BMI). This was accompanied by significantly decreased mRNA levels in both SAT and VAT (P < 0.05), independent of BMI. Maternal plasma adiponectin showed inverse relations with glucose and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (both P < 0.01). In parallel to reduced mRNA expression in GDM, significant (P < 0.05) yet small alterations in locus-specific DNA methylation were observed in maternal fat (~ 2%) and blood cells (~ 1%). While newborn adiponectin levels were similar between groups, DNA methylation in GDM offspring was variously altered (~ 1-4%; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Reduced adiponectin seems to be a pathogenic co-factor in GDM, even independent of BMI, affecting materno-fetal metabolism. While altered maternal DNA methylation patterns appear rather marginally involved, functional, diagnostic, and/or predictive implications of cord blood DNA methylation should be further evaluated.
Toxomerus undecimpunctatus
Creators: name: Borges, Zuleica M.
name: Couri, Marcia S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Toxomerus
Toxomerus undecimpunctatus

description: Toxomerus undecimpunctatus (Enderlein)
(Figs. 161–163)
 Mitrosphen undecimpunctata Enderlein, 1938: 228 (descr.).
 Mesograpta undecimpunctata Fluke, 1956: 232 (cat.)
 Toxomerus undecimpunctatus Thompson et al., 1976: 55 (cat. & n. comb.); Metz & Thompson, 2001: 228, 249 (key & redescr.).
 Diagnosis. Face 1/3 as long as eye width, yellow; frontal triangle yellow. Proepimeron yellow; scutum black except broadly yellow laterally; scutellum yellow to brownish with yellow margins, yellow and black pilose; anepimeron yellow; katepimeron yellow anterodorsally; katatergum yellow anteriorly. Femora and tibiae yellow. Wing extensively microtrichose; alula broader than cell BM appically, microtrichose. Abdomen with isolated lateral brown puncta on 3 rd – 5 th terga. Surstylus almost all with the same width, a little narrower basally, with long setae on dorsal surface; postanal process little distinct; aedeagus enlarged, proeminent dorsally; superior lobe somewhat rectangular, acuminated dorsally, with hairs in distad anteroventral margin, with small lobe ventrally with some hairs. Female genitalia: 9 th tergum with somewhat oval black macula straight posteriorly; epiproct somewhat rounded; cercus slender; hypoproct as a rounded arch; 9 th sternum as in Fig. 162; two oval spermatecae similar in size (Figs. 161–163).
Length. Body 10.4–10.6 mm, wing 7.6–8.0 mm.
 Material examined. BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Nova Teutônia, 2 ♂, XI/1969, F. Plaumann (CNC). PARAGUAY. Areguá: ♀, 31/X/1980, D. D. Lowrie (USNM). ARGENTINA. Entre Rios: Pronunciamiento ♀, XII/1966, F. Walz (USNM).
 Geographical record. Southeastern Brazil, northeastern Argentina and Paraguay.
description: Published as part of Borges, Zuleica M. & Couri, Marcia S., 2009, Revision of Toxomerus Macquart, 1855 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Brazil with synonymic notes, identification key to the species and description of three new species 2179, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 2179 on pages 57-58
Induced brane gravity: realizations and limitations
Creators: name: Kiritsis, E.
name: Tetradis, N.
name: Tomaras, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The induced 4d gravity on a brane world is analyzed. The case of a thick brane is considered and the unexpected appearance of a new threshold scale, much larger than the thickness scale is found. In cases of phenomenological interest, this new length scale turns out to be in the submillimeter range. The effect of $R^2$ corrections, both in the bulk and on the brane, is also studied. It is shown that they introduce new threshold scales and may induce drastic modifications to the leading behavior. A concrete string/D-brane realization of the induced gravity scenario is also presented.
description: 20 pages; (v2) The discussion on the D-brane realization has been refined. References added (v3) Title change and minor cosmetic changes. Version that appeared on JHEP
Diagnosis and treatment of NMO spectrum disorder and MOG-encephalomyelitis
Creators: name: Borisow, Nadja
name: Mori, Masahiro
name: Kuwabara, Satoshi
name: Scheel, Michael
name: Paul, Friedemann
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: neuromyelitis optica
subject: aquaporin-4 antibodies
subject: MOG-encephalomyelitis
subject: diagnostic criteria
subject: immunosuppressive treatment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are autoantibody mediated chronic inflammatory diseases. Serum antibodies (Abs) against the aquaporin-4 water channel lead to recurrent attacks of optic neuritis, myelitis and/or brainstem syndromes. In some patients with symptoms of NMOSD, no AQP4-Abs but Abs against myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG) are detectable. These clinical syndromes are now frequently referred to as "MOG-encephalomyelitis" (MOG-EM). Here we give an overview on current recommendations concerning diagnosis of NMOSD and MOG-EM. These include antibody and further laboratory testing, MR imaging and optical coherence tomography. We discuss therapeutic options of acute attacks as well as longterm immunosuppressive treatment, including azathioprine, rituximab, and immunoglobulins.
Gauging the accidental symmetries of the Standard Model, and implications for the flavour anomalies
Creators: name: Altmannshofer, Wolfgang
name: Davighi, Joe
name: Nardecchia, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility that lepton family numbers and baryon number are such good symmetries of Nature because they are the global remnant of a spontaneously broken gauge symmetry. An almost arbitrary linear combination of these symmetries (together with a component of global hypercharge) can be consistently gauged, if the Standard Model (SM) fermion content is augmented by three chiral SM singlet states. Within this framework of $U(1)$ extensions of the SM one generically expects flavour non-universality to emerge in the charged leptons, in such a way that naturally prevents lepton flavour violation, by aligning the mass and weak eigenbases. For quarks, all the SM Yukawa couplings responsible for their observed masses and mixings arise at the renormalisable level. We perform fits to show that models in this class can explain $R_{K^{(\ast)}}$ and the other neutral current $B$ anomaly data if we introduce a heavy vector-like quark to mediate the required quark flavour violation, while simultaneously satisfying other constraints from direct $Z^\prime$ searches at the LHC, $B_s$ meson mixing, a number of electroweak precision observables, and neutrino trident production. Within this symmetry-motivated framework of models, we find interesting implications for the flavour anomalies; notably, any axial couplings of the $Z^\prime$ to electrons and muons must be flavour universal, with the flavour universality violation arising solely from the vector-like couplings. We also comment on the generation of neutrino masses in these models.
description: 41 pages, 3 figures, minor changes and references added
MOESM1 of How should electronic health records be designed? A cross-sectional study in patients with psoriasis
Creators: name: Klein, Toni
name: Augustin, Matthias
name: Otten, Marina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 1. Patient questionnaire (German original language).
Effect of iterative reconstruction and temporal averaging on contour sharpness in dynamic myocardial CT perfusion: Sub-analysis of the prospective 4D CT perfusion pilot study
Creators: name: Feger, Sarah
name: Kendziorra, Carsten
name: Lukas, Steffen
name: Shaban, Ahmed
name: Bokeimann, Björn
name: Zimmermann, Elke
name: Rief, Matthias
name: Dewey, Marc
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Myocardial computed tomography perfusion
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: PURPOSE: Myocardial computed tomography perfusion (CTP) allows the assessment of the functional relevance of coronary artery stenosis. This study investigates to what extent the contour sharpness of sequences acquired by dynamic myocardial CTP is influenced by the following noise reduction methods: temporal averaging and adaptive iterative dose reduction 3D (AIDR 3D). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dynamic myocardial CT perfusion was conducted in 29 patients at a dose level of 9.5±2.0 mSv and was reconstructed with both filtered back projection (FBP) and strong levels of AIDR 3D. Temporal averaging to reduce noise was performed as a post-processing step by combining two, three, four, six and eight original consecutive 3D datasets. We evaluated the contour sharpness at four distinct edges of the left-ventricular myocardium based on two different approaches: the distance between 25% and 75% of the maximal grey value (d) and the slope in the contour (m). RESULTS: Iterative reconstruction reduced contour sharpness: both measures of contour sharpness performed better for FBP than for AIDR 3D (d = 1.7±0.4 mm versus 2.0±0.5 mm, p>0.059 at all edges; m = 255.9±123.9 HU/mm versus 160.6±123.5 HU/mm; p<0.023 for all edges). Increasing levels of temporal averaging degraded contour sharpness. When FBP reconstruction was applied, contour sharpness was best without temporal averaging (d = 1.7±0.4 mm, m = 255.9±123.9 HU/mm) and poorest for the strongest levels of temporal averaging (d = 2.1±0.3 mm, m = 142.2±104.9 HU/mm; comparison between lowest and highest temporal averaging level: for d p>0.052 at all edges and for m p<0.001 at all edges). CONCLUSION: The use of both temporal averaging and iterative reconstruction degrades objective contour sharpness parameters of dynamic myocardial CTP. Thus, further advances in image processing are needed to optimise contour sharpness of 4D myocardial CTP.
Potential Impact of TPP Trade Agreement on US Bilateral Agricultural Trade: Trade Creation or Trade Diversion?
Creators: name: Yeboah, Osei Agyeman
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Agyekum, Afia Fosua
name: Yeboah, Osei Agyeman
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Agyekum, Afia Fosua
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement
subject: Vector Autocorrelation
subject: Impulse Response Function

description: Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade agreement is a trade agreement U.S is negotiating with 11 other countries in the Asia-Pacific region (Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Chile, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, New Zealand, Peru, Singapore, and Vietnam) to reduce or eliminate tariffs on U.S. products exported to the TPP countries. With TPP, U.S expects to expand its trade with members of the partnership; resulting in GDP growth. However, there exist large concerns about the potential negative impact TPP will have on U.S. agricultural trade. Therefore, this paper examines the potential effect of TPP agreement on U.S agricultural trade using panel VAR and IRF models. A system of three VAR equations is developed for the three endogenous variables agricultural trade, real exchange rate, and the price ratio of imports to exports. In addition, the future pattern of trade is determined using the IRF curves. The lagged coefficients of agricultural trade volumes were significant in all three models implying current trade patterns are influenced by past volumes of trade. Also, the lagged price ratios have negative effect on current agricultural trade volumes as expected. Overall, the study found that a unit shock in price ratios as a result of the TPP agreement leads to a trade creation for U.S in the short run but in the long run, leads to more trade diversion than trade creation.
Parity Violating Bosonic Loops at Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Alves, V. S.
name: Das, Ashok
name: Dunne, Gerald V.
name: Perez, Silvana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The finite temperature parity-violating contributions to the polarization tensor are computed at one loop in a system without fermions. The system studied is a Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Higgs system in the broken phase, for which the parity-violating terms are well known at zero temperature. At nonzero temperature the static and long-wavelength limits of the parity violating terms have very different structure, and involve non-analytic log terms depending on the various mass scales. At high temperature the boson loop contribution to the Chern-Simons term goes like T in the static limit and like T log T in the long-wavelength limit, in contrast to the fermion loop contribution which behaves like 1/T in the static limit and like log T/T in the long wavelength limit.
description: 10 pp, 1 fig, revtex
Adipokines and their role in intestinal inflammation
Creators: name: Weidinger, Carl
name: Ziegler, Jörn F.
name: Letizia, Marilena
name: Schmidt, Franziska
name: Siegmund, Britta
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: adipokines
subject: inflammatory bowel disease
subject: Crohn's disease
subject: creeping fat
subject: immune modulation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Fat tissue was initially described for its endocrine and metabolic function. Over the last two decades increasing evidence indicated a close interaction with the immune system. Partly responsible for this immune modulatory function are soluble factors released by the fat tissue, most prominently the so-called adipokines. These discoveries led to the question how adipokines influence inflammatory diseases. Linking inflammation and adipose tissue, Crohn's disease, a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, is of particular interest for studying the immune modulatory properties of adipokines since it is characterized by a hyperplasia of the mesenteric fat that subsequently is creeping around the inflamed segments of the small intestine. Thus, the role of several adipokines in the creeping fat as well as in intestinal inflammation was recently explored. The present review selected the four adipokines adiponectin, apelin, chemerin, and leptin and provides a working model based on the available literature how these factors participate in the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis.
Light Dark Matter from Entropy Dilution
Creators: name: Evans, Jared A.
name: Ghalsasi, Akshay
name: Gori, Stefania
name: Tammaro, Michele
name: Zupan, Jure
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a thermal relic which decouples from the standard model (SM) plasma while relativistic can be a viable dark matter (DM) candidate, if the decoupling is followed by a period of entropy dilution that heats up the SM, but not the dark sector. Such diluted hot relics can be as light as a keV, while accounting for the entirety of the DM, and not conflicting with cosmological and astrophysical measurements. The requisite dilution can be achieved via decays of a heavy state that dominates the energy budget of the universe in the early matter dominated era. The heavy state decays into the SM particles, heats up the SM plasma, and dilutes the hidden sector. The interaction required to equilibrate the two sectors in the early universe places a bound on the maximum possible dilution as a function of the decoupling temperature. As an example of diluted hot relic DM we consider a light Dirac fermion with a heavy dark photon mediator. We present constraints on the model from terrestrial experiments (current and future), astrophysics, and cosmology.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures, to be published in JHEP, v2: ref added, substantial revisions in free-streaming constraints, minor revisions elsewhere
Additional file 2: of Programmed cell death ligand-1-mediated enhancement of hexokinase 2 expression is inversely related to T-cell effector gene expression in non-small-cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Sehui Kim
name: Jang, Ji-Young
name: Jaemoon Koh
name: Dohee Kwon
name: Kim, Young
name: Paeng, Jin
name: Chan-Young Ock
name: Bhumsuk Keam
name: Miso Kim
name: Kim, Tae
name: Heo, Dae
name: Chung, Doo
name: Jeon, Yoon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Clinicopathological parameters of patients with NSCLCs. Table S2 Clinicopathological features of NSCLC patients with PD-1 blockade. (DOCX 21 kb)
Evidence of kaon nuclear and Coulomb potential effects on soft K+ production from nuclei
Creators: name: Nekipelov, M.
name: Buescher, M.
name: Cassing, W.
name: Hartmann, M.
name: Hejny, V.
name: Kleber, V.
name: Koch, H. R.
name: Koptev, V.
name: Maeda, Y.
name: Maier, R.
name: Merzliakov, S.
name: Mikirtychiants, S.
name: Ohm, H.
name: Petrus, A.
name: Prasuhn, D.
name: Rathmann, F.
name: Rudy, Z.
name: Schleichert, R.
name: Schneider, H.
name: Sistemich, K.
name: Stein, H. J.
name: Stroeher, H.
name: Watzlawik, K. -H.
name: Wilkin, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ratio of forward K+ production on copper, silver and gold targets to that on carbon has been measured at proton beam energies between 1.5 and 2.3 GeV as a function of the kaon momentum p_K using the ANKE spectrometer at COSY-Juelich. The strong suppression in the ratios observed for p_K<200-250 MeV/c can be ascribed to a combination of Coulomb and nuclear repulsion in the K+A system. This opens a new way to investigate the interaction of K+-mesons in the nuclear medium. Our data are consistent with a K+A nuclear potential of V_K~20 MeV at low kaon momenta and normal nuclear density. Given the sensitivity of the data to the kaon potential, the current experimental precision might allow one to determine V_K to better than 3 MeV.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures; changed content
Attenuation of replication by a 29 nucleotide deletion in SARS-coronavirus acquired during the early stages of human-to-human transmission
Creators: name: Muth, Doreen
name: Corman, Victor Max
name: Roth, Hanna
name: Binger, Tabea
name: Dijkman, Ronald
name: Gottula, Lina Theresa
name: Gloza-Rausch, Florian
name: Balboni, Andrea
name: Battilani, Mara
name: Rihtarič, Danijela
name: Toplak, Ivan
name: Ameneiros, Ramon Seage
name: Pfeifer, Alexander
name: Thiel, Volker
name: Drexler, Jan Felix
name: Mueller, Marcel Alexander
name: Drosten, Christian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: SARS-coronavirus
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: A 29 nucleotide deletion in open reading frame 8 (ORF8) is the most obvious genetic change in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) during its emergence in humans. In spite of intense study, it remains unclear whether the deletion actually reflects adaptation to humans. Here we engineered full, partially deleted (-29 nt), and fully deleted ORF8 into a SARS-CoV infectious cDNA clone, strain Frankfurt-1. Replication of the resulting viruses was compared in primate cell cultures as well as Rhinolophus bat cells made permissive for SARS-CoV replication by lentiviral transduction of the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor. Cells from cotton rat, goat, and sheep provided control scenarios that represent host systems in which SARS-CoV is neither endemic nor epidemic. Independent of the cell system, the truncation of ORF8 (29 nt deletion) decreased replication up to 23-fold. The effect was independent of the type I interferon response. The 29 nt deletion in SARS-CoV is a deleterious mutation acquired along the initial human-to-human transmission chain. The resulting loss of fitness may be due to a founder effect, which has rarely been documented in processes of viral emergence. These results have important implications for the retrospective assessment of the threat posed by SARS.
Superconducting and Pseudogap Transition Temperatures in High-Tc Cuprates and the $T_{c}$ Dependence on Pressure
Creators: name: Marino, E. C.
name: Corrêa, Reginaldo O.
name: Arouca, R.
name: Nunes, Lizardo H. C. M.
name: Alves, Van Sérgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive analytic expressions for the critical temperatures of the superconducting (SC) and pseudogap (PG) transitions of the high-Tc cuprates as a function of doping. These are in excellent agreement with the experimental data both for single-layered materials such as LSCO, Bi2201 and Hg1201 and multi-layered ones, such as Bi2212, Bi2223, Hg1212 and Hg1223. Optimal doping occurs when the chemical potential vanishes, thus leading to an universal expression for the optimal SC transition temperatures. This allows for the obtainment of a quantitative description of the growth of such temperatures with the number of layers, N, which accurately applies to the $Bi$, $Hg$ and $Tl$ families of cuprates. We study the pressure dependence of the SC transition temperatures, obtaining excellent agreement with the experimental data for different materials and dopings. These results are obtained from an effective Hamiltonian for the itinerant oxygen holes, which includes both the electric repulsion between them and their magnetic interactions with the localized copper ions. We show that the former interaction is responsible for the SC and the latter, for the PG phases, the phase diagram of cuprates resulting from the competition of both. The Hamiltonian is defined on a bipartite oxygen lattice, which results from the fact that only the $p_x$ and $p_y$ oxygen orbitals alternatively hybridize with the $3d$ copper orbitals. From this, we can provide an unified explanation for the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ symmetry of both the SC and PG order parameters and obtain the Fermi pockets observed in ARPES experiments.
Bone mineral density assessment using iterative reconstruction compared with quantitative computed tomography as the standard of reference
Creators: name: Mann, Constanze
name: Ziegeler, Katharina
name: Mews, Jürgen
name: Plaschke, Martina
name: Issever, Ahi Sema
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: bone mineral density
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: This study examines the influence of iterative reconstruction on bone mineral density (BMD) measurement by comparison with standard quantitative computed tomography (QCT; reference) and two other protocols based on filtered back projection. Ten human cadaver specimens of the lumbar spine with a hydroxyapatite calibration phantom underneath, were scanned with 4 protocols: 1. standard QCT, 2. volume scan with FBP, 3. helical scan with FBP, and 4. helical scan with IR (Adaptive Iterative Dose Reduction 3D (AIDR3D)). Radiation doses were recorded as CT dose index (CTDIvol) and BMD, signal-to-noise and contrast-to-noise ratio were calculated. Mean hydroxyapatite concentration (HOA) did not differ significantly between protocols, ranging from 98.58 ± 31.09 mg cm3 (protocol 4) to 100.47 ± 30.82 mg cm3 (protocol 2). Paired sample correlations of HOA values for protocol 4 and protocols 1, 2 and 3 were nearly perfect with coefficients of 0.980, 0.979 and 0.982, respectively (p
Taisei yochi zusetsu. Kan no 1-3 ; Taisei zusetsu jo
泰西輿地圖説巻之一-三 ; 泰西圖説叙
Creators: name: Kutsuki, Masatsuna, 1750-1802
Publisher: name: Edo : Matsumoto Zenbē
Year: 2021

description: Vol. 1-3 contains a preface by 鳩谷孔平 Hatotani Kōhei and an index. There are 27 maps in vol. 15-17, based on European models; most maps are double-page. Contents: Vol. 1-3. General introduction to Europe, Portugal, Spain -- Vol. 4-5. France, England -- Vol. 6-8. Netherlands, Switzerland, Italy -- Vol. 9-10. Germany, Scandinavia -- Vol. 11-14. Poland, Moscovia (Russia), Hungary, Greece -- Vol. 15-17 maps of Europe, Arctic regions, plans of cities. Cited in: WSN; 110-111
Disease modification in multiple sclerosis by flupirtine-results of a randomized placebo controlled phase II trial
Creators: name: Dörr, Jan
name: Wernecke, Klaus-Dieter
name: Würfel, Jens
name: Bellmann-Strobl, Judith
name: Siffrin, Volker
name: Sättler, Muriel B.
name: Simons, Mikael
name: Linsa, Andreas
name: Tumani, Hayrettin
name: Paul, Friedemann
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: multiple sclerosis
subject: neuroprotection
subject: safety
subject: flupirtine
subject: randomized controlled trail
subject: hepatotoxicity
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Central nervous system inflammation and neurodegeneration are the pathophysiological hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (MS). While inflammation can readily be targeted by current disease modifying drugs, neurodegeneration is by far less accessible to treatment. Based on suggested additional neuroprotective capacities of the orally available non-opioid and centrally acting analgesic drug flupirtine maleate we hypothesized that treatment with flupirtine maleate might be beneficial in MS patients. The flupirtine as oral treatment in multiple sclerosis (FLORIMS) study was a multi-center, randomized and stratified, placebo-controlled double-blind phase II trial to investigate safety and efficacy in terms of clinical and radiographical activity of flupirtine maleate (300 mg per day) given orally for 12 months, add-on to interferon beta 1b subcutaneously in patients with relapsing remitting MS. Due to a substantial delay in recruitment, enrolment of patients was prematurely terminated after randomization of only 30 of the originally planned 80 patients. Of these, 24 regularly terminated study after 12 months of treatment. Data were analyzed as originally planned. Treatment with flupirtine maleate was overall well tolerated. We observed moderate and asymptomatic elevations of liver enzymes in several cases but no overt hepatotoxicity. Neither the intention to treat nor the per protocol analysis revealed any significant treatment effects of flupirtine maleate with respect to occurrence of MS relapses, disability progression, or development of new lesions on cranial MRI. However, substantial methodological limitations need to be considered when interpreting these results. In conclusion, the results of the FLORIMS study neither add further evidence to nor argue against the hypothesized neuroprotective or disease modifying effects of flupirtine maleate in MS.
Gravitational waves in Modified Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
Creators: name: Inagaki, Tomohiro
name: Taniguchi, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gravitational waves in modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Applying the metric perturbation around a cosmological background, we obtain explicit expressions for the wave equations. It is shown that the speed of the traceless mode is equal to the speed of light. An additional massive scalar mode appears in the propagation of the gravitational waves. To find phenomena beyond the general relativity the scalar mode mass is calculated as a function of the background curvature in some typical models.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Bioenergetic mechanisms of seizure control
Creators: name: Kovács, Richard
name: Gerevich, Zoltan
name: Friedman, Alon
name: Otáhal, Jakub
name: Prager, Ofer
name: Gabriel, Siegrun
name: Berndt, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: seizure
subject: lactate
subject: adenosine
subject: neurometabolic coupling
subject: neurovascular coupling
subject: pericyte
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Epilepsy is characterized by the regular occurrence of seizures, which follow a stereotypical sequence of alterations in the electroencephalogram. Seizures are typically a self limiting phenomenon, concluding finally in the cessation of hypersynchronous activity and followed by a state of decreased neuronal excitability which might underlie the cognitive and psychological symptoms the patients experience in the wake of seizures. Many efforts have been devoted to understand how seizures spontaneously stop in hope to exploit this knowledge in anticonvulsant or neuroprotective therapies. Besides the alterations in ion-channels, transmitters and neuromodulators, the successive build up of disturbances in energy metabolism have been suggested as a mechanism for seizure termination. Energy metabolism and substrate supply of the brain are tightly regulated by different mechanisms called neurometabolic and neurovascular coupling. Here we summarize the current knowledge whether these mechanisms are sufficient to cover the energy demand of hypersynchronous activity and whether a mismatch between energy need and supply could contribute to seizure control.
Mixed state geometric phases, entangled systems, and local unitary transformations
Creators: name: Ericsson, Marie
name: Pati, Arun K.
name: Sjöqvist, Erik
name: Brännlund, Johan
name: Oi, Daniel. K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geometric phase for a pure quantal state undergoing an arbitrary evolution is a ``memory'' of the geometry of the path in the projective Hilbert space of the system. We find that Uhlmann's geometric phase for a mixed quantal state undergoing unitary evolution not only depends on the geometry of the path of the system alone but also on a constrained bi-local unitary evolution of the purified entangled state. We analyze this in general, illustrate it for the qubit case, and propose an experiment to test this effect. We also show that the mixed state geometric phase proposed recently in the context of interferometry requires uni-local transformations and is therefore essentially a property of the system alone.
description: minor changes, journal reference added
Limited-budget output consensus for descriptor multiagent systems with energy constraints
Creators: name: Xi, Jianxiang
name: Wang, Cheng
name: Yang, Xiaojun
name: Yang, Bailong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The current paper deals with limited-budget output consensus for descriptor multiagent systems with two types of switching communication topologies; that is, switching connected ones and jointly connected ones. Firstly, a singular dynamic output feedback control protocol with switching communication topologies is proposed on the basis of the observable decomposition, where an energy constraint is involved and protocol states of neighboring agents are utilized to derive a new two-step design approach of gain matrices. Then, limited-budget output consensus problems are transformed into asymptotic stability ones and a valid candidate of the output consensus function is determined. Furthermore, sufficient conditions for limited-budget output consensus design for two types of switching communication topologies are proposed, respectively. Finally, two numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate theoretical conclusions.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
MOESM1 of Awareness among French healthcare workers of the transmission of multidrug resistant organisms: a large cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: L. Vaillant
name: G. Birgand
name: M. Esposito-Farese
name: P. Astagneau
name: C. Pulcini
name: J. Robert
name: J. Zahar
name: E. Sales-Wuillemin
name: F. Tubach
name: J. Lucet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance and infection control measures. Table S2. Perceptions regarding antimicrobial resistance and control measures. Table S3. Questions on perception of antimicrobial resistance and control measures.
Additional file 1: of Programmed cell death ligand-1-mediated enhancement of hexokinase 2 expression is inversely related to T-cell effector gene expression in non-small-cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Sehui Kim
name: Jang, Ji-Young
name: Jaemoon Koh
name: Dohee Kwon
name: Kim, Young
name: Paeng, Jin
name: Chan-Young Ock
name: Bhumsuk Keam
name: Miso Kim
name: Kim, Tae
name: Heo, Dae
name: Chung, Doo
name: Jeon, Yoon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary material and methods. More detailed information about Patients and samples, FDG-PET/CT image analysis, Glycolysis assays, Oxygen consumption rate (OCR) assay, RNAseq and Gene set enrichment analyses, TCGA analyses, Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Statistical analysis was addressed. (DOCX 45 kb)
Duality in Semi-Exclusive Processes
Creators: name: Eden, Patrik
name: Hoyer, Paul
name: Khodjamirian, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semi-exclusive processes like γp \to π^+ Y are closely analogous to DIS, ep \to eX, in the limit where the momentum transfer |t| to the pion and the mass of the inclusive system Y are large but still much smaller than the total CM energy. We apply Bloom-Gilman duality to this semi-exclusive process. The energy dependence of the γp \to π^+ n cross section given by semi-local duality agrees with data for moderate values of |t|, but its normalization is underestimated by about two orders of magnitude. This indicates that rather high momentum transfers are required for the validity of PQCD in the hard subprocess γu \to π^+ d. In the case of Compton scattering γp \to γp the analogous discrepancy is about one order of magnitude. In electroproduction the virtuality of the incoming photon can be used to directly measure the hardness of the subprocess.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Taisei yochi zusetsu. Kan no 15-17
泰西輿地圖説.巻之十五-十七
Creators: name: (:Null)
Publisher: name: Edo : Matsumoto Zenbē
Year: 2021

description: Vol. 1-3 contains a preface by 鳩谷孔平 Hatotani Kōhei and an index. There are 27 maps in vol. 15-17, based on European models; most maps are double-page. Contents: Vol. 1-3. General introduction to Europe, Portugal, Spain -- Vol. 4-5. France, England -- Vol. 6-8. Netherlands, Switzerland, Italy -- Vol. 9-10. Germany, Scandinavia -- Vol. 11-14. Poland, Moscovia (Russia), Hungary, Greece -- Vol. 15-17 maps of Europe, Arctic regions, plans of cities. Cited in: WSN; 110-111