cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Giant cosmic ray halos around M31 and the Milky Way
Creators: name: Recchia, S.
name: Gabici, S.
name: Aharonian, F. A.
name: Niro, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a diffuse emission of 1-100 GeV $γ$-rays has been detected from the direction of Andromeda. The emission is centered on the galaxy, and extends for $\sim 100-200$ kpc away from its center. Explaining the extended $γ-$ray emission within the framework of standard scenarios for the escape of cosmic rays injected in the galactic disk or in the galactic center is problematic. In this paper, we argue that a cosmic ray origin (either leptonic or hadronic) of the $γ$-ray emission is possible in the framework of non standard cosmic ray propagation scenarios or in the case of particle acceleration taking place in the galaxy's halo. It would imply the existence of a giant cosmic ray halo surrounding M31, possibly powered by the galaxy nuclear activity, or by accretion of intergalactic gas. Remarkably, if cosmic ray halos, as the one observed around M31, are a common feature of galaxies, including our own, the interactions between cosmic ray protons and the Milky Way circumgalactic gas could also explain the isotropic diffuse flux of neutrinos observed by Icecube.
description: Submitted to ApJ, 13 pages, 3 figures
Local and global interpolations along the adiabatic connection of DFT: A study at different correlation regimes
Creators: name: Kooi, Derk P.
name: Gori-Giorgi, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interpolating the exchange-correlation energy along the density-fixed adiabatic connection of density functional theory is a promising way to build approximations that are not biased towards the weakly correlated regime. These interpolations can be done at the global (integrated over all spaces) or at the local level, using energy densities. Many features of the relevant energy densities as well as several different ways to construct these interpolations, including comparisons between global and local variants, are investigated here for the analytically solvable Hooke's atom series, which allows for an exploration of different correlation regimes. We also analyze different ways to define the correlation kinetic energy density, focusing on the peak in the kinetic correlation potential.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures
Representations of the twisted quantized enveloping algebra of type C_n
Creators: name: Molev, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R10

description: We prove a version of the Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt theorem for the twisted quantized enveloping algebra U'_q(sp_2n). This is a subalgebra of U_q(gl_2n) and a deformation of the universal enveloping algebra U(sp_2n) of the symplectic Lie algebra. We classify finite-dimensional irreducible representations of U'_q(sp_2n) in terms of their highest weights and show that these representations are deformations of the finite-dimensional irreducible representations of sp_2n.
description: 26 pages, extended version, a proof of PBW theorem is added, specialization of modules at q=1 is described, minor corrections are made
Ergodicity of stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equations with logarithmic potentials driven by degenerate or nondegenerate noises
Creators: name: Goudenège, Ludovic
name: Xie, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the asymptotic properties of the stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation with the logarithmic free energy by establishing different dimension-free Harnack inequalities according to various kinds of noises. The main characteristics of this equation are the singularities of the logarithmic free energy at 1 and --1 and the conservation of the mass of the solution in its spatial variable. Both the space-time colored noise and the space-time white noise are considered. For the highly degenerate space-time colored noise, the asymptotic log-Harnack inequality is established under the so-called essentially elliptic conditions. And the Harnack inequality with power is established for non-degenerate space-time white noise.
Scanned notebook
Creators: name: Tchatchouang, Guy
name: Clem, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: nnz

description: Scan of Emily Clem's notebook. Contains notes for elicitation sessions on the following dates (each session is bookmarked in the pdf): 2016-07-19, 2016-09-07, 2016-09-15, 2016-09-29, 2017-01-26, 2017-02-10, 2017-02-16, 2017-02-17, 2017-02-23, 2017-05-04, 2017-05-11, 2017-05-25. Scans of Emily Clem's notes for additional elicitation sessions can be found in bundle 2016-14.031.
O'ZBEKISTONDA HARBIY XIZMATCHILAR KIYIM-KECHAK TA'MINOTINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISHDA XORIJ TAJRIBASI
Creators: name: Omonov, Usmonqul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqola O'zbekistonda harbiy xizmatchilar kiyim-kechak ta'minotini takomillashtirishda xorijiy tajribalarni o'rganish va tatbiq etish muhimligini tahlil qiladi. Xorijiy mamlakatlarning muvaffaqiyatli tajribalari, ayniqsa, zamonaviy harbiy kiyim-kechak tizimlari va ularni ishlab chiqish bo'yicha yondashuvlar o'zbekiston armiyasining ta'minot tizimini takomillashtirishda qo'llanilmoqda. Maqolada bu jarayonning ahamiyati, yurtimizda harbiy xizmatchilarning ehtiyojlarini qondirishda xorijiy tajribalar asosida amalga oshirilayotgan islohotlar va yangiliklar ko'rib chiqiladi.
Right division in groups, Dedekind-Frobenius group matrices, and Ward quasigroups
Creators: name: Johnson, Kenneth W.
name: Vojtěchovský, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05, 20C15, 20C40

description: The variety of quasigroups satisfying the identity $(xy)(zy)=xz$ mirrors the variety of groups, and offers a new look at groups and their multiplication tables. Such quasigroups are constructed from a group using right division instead of multiplication. Their multiplication tables consist of circulant blocks which have additional symmetries and have a concise presentation. These tables are a reincarnation of the group matrices which Frobenius used to give the first account of group representation theory. Our results imply that every group matrix may be written as a block circulant matrix and that this result leads to partial diagonalization of group matrices, which are present in modern applied mathematics. We also discuss right division in loops with the antiautomorphic inverse property.
description: 15 pages
Fundamental study of the deposition of cobalt from electrolytes containing zinc
Creators: name: West-Sells, Paul George
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The presence of cobalt in zinc electrowinning electrolytes acts to lower the current efficiency of zinc deposition. For this reason, industrially, cobalt is removed from zinc electrolytes by cementation with zinc dust. The process of cementation of cobalt with zinc dust is an inefficient use of zinc. Up to 200 times the stoichiometric amount of zinc dust is needed to effectively remove cobalt to levels sufficient to electrowin zinc at a high current efficiency. To increase the rate of cobalt removal, zinc dust activators, such as antimony, arsenic, and copper are added to the electrolyte to increase the removal rate of cobalt. The fundamental reasons for the inefficient reaction of zinc dust with cobalt were studied as they have not been determined previously. To study this system more effectively cobalt electrodepostion in the presence of zinc ions was studied. This method of deposition was shown to behave similarly to cementation where zinc metal rather than an electric current is used to reduce cobalt. The deposition of cobalt in the presence of zinc was studied by cyclic voltammety, potentiostatic deposition, AC impedance, and surface analysis. It was found that there were two regions of inhibition dependent of the overpotential of cobalt deposition. At low cobalt overpotentials it was proposed that zinc, in the form ZnOH⁺, adsorbs on the surface of the electrode blocking the deposition of cobalt. At higher cobalt overpotentials it was proposed that concurrent hydrogen generation increases the pH at the interface and Zn(OH)₂precipitates. A chemical model of inhibition as a function of cobalt overpotential is presented. Since the concentrations of the various species present in the cobalt-zinc-water system at the interface influences the concentration of ZnOH+ and the precipitation of Zn(OH)₂, the concentration of these species at the interface was calculated to test the proposed theories. This calculation showed that the onset of primary inhibition corresponds to a high concentration of ZnOH⁺, and secondary inhibition corresponds to conditions where the precipitation of Zn(OH)₂is favored.
Phase diagram of a three-dimensional dipolar model on a FCC lattice
Creators: name: Russier, V.
name: Alonso, Juan J.
name: Lisiecki, I.
name: Ngo, A. T.
name: Salzemann, C.
name: Nakamae, S.
name: Raepsaet, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic phase diagram at zero external field of an ensemble of dipoles with uniaxial anisotropy on a FCC lattice is investigated from tempered Monte Carlo simulations. The uniaxial anisotropy is characterized by a random distribution of easy axes and its magnitude $λ_u$ is the driving force of disorder and consequently frustration. The phase diagram, separating the paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, quasi long range ordered ferromagnetic and spin-glass regions is thus considered in the temperature, $λ_u$ plane. This system is aimed at modeling the magnetic phase diagram of supracrystals of magnetic nanoparticles.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of psychosocial interventions to reduce affective symptoms in sexual and gender minorities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Yang, Yawen
name: Ye, Zhiyu
name: Li, Wentian
name: Sun, Ye
name: Dai, Lisha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Learning to Focus: Cascaded Feature Matching Network for Few-shot Image Recognition
Creators: name: Chen, Mengting
name: Wang, Xinggang
name: Luo, Heng
name: Geng, Yifeng
name: Liu, Wenyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep networks can learn to accurately recognize objects of a category by training on a large number of annotated images. However, a meta-learning challenge known as a low-shot image recognition task comes when only a few images with annotations are available for learning a recognition model for one category. The objects in testing/query and training/support images are likely to be different in size, location, style, and so on. Our method, called Cascaded Feature Matching Network (CFMN), is proposed to solve this problem. We train the meta-learner to learn a more fine-grained and adaptive deep distance metric by focusing more on the features that have high correlations between compared images by the feature matching block which can align associated features together and naturally ignore those non-discriminative features. By applying the proposed feature matching block in different layers of the few-shot recognition network, multi-scale information among the compared images can be incorporated into the final cascaded matching feature, which boosts the recognition performance further and generalizes better by learning on relationships. The experiments for few-shot learning on two standard datasets, \emph{mini}ImageNet and Omniglot, have confirmed the effectiveness of our method. Besides, the multi-label few-shot task is first studied on a new data split of COCO which further shows the superiority of the proposed feature matching network when performing few-shot learning in complex images. The code will be made publicly available.
description: 14 pages
Possible Dirac quantum spin liquid in a kagome quantum antiferromagnet YCu$_3$(OH)$_6$Br$_2$[Br$_{x}$(OH)$_{1-x}$]
Creators: name: Zeng, Zhenyuan
name: Ma, Xiaoyan
name: Wu, Si
name: Li, Hai-Feng
name: Tao, Zhen
name: Lu, Xingye
name: Chen, Xiao-hui
name: Mi, Jin-Xiao
name: Song, Shi-Jie
name: Cao, Guang-Han
name: Che, Guangwei
name: Li, Kuo
name: Li, Gang
name: Luo, Huiqian
name: Meng, Zi Yang
name: Li, Shiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the magnetic properties of YCu$_3$(OH)$_6$Br$_2$[Br$_{1-x}$(OH)$_{x}$] ($x$ = 0.33), where Cu$^{2+}$ ions form two-dimensional kagome layers. There is no magnetic order down to 50 mK while the Curie-Weiss temperature is on the order of -100 K. At zero magnetic field, the low-temperature specific heat shows a $T^2$ dependence. Above 2 T, a linear temperature dependence term in specific heat emerges, and the value of $γ= C/T$ increases linearly with the field. Furthermore, the magnetic susceptibility tends to a constant value at $T = 0$. Our results suggest that the magnetic ground state of YCu$_3$(OH)$_6$Br$_2$[Br$_{1-x}$(OH)$_{x}$] is consistent with a Dirac quantum-spin-liquid state with a linearly dispersing spinon strongly coupled to an emergent gauge field, which has long been theoretically proposed as a candidate ground state in the two-dimensional kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnetic system.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Joint Transceiver and Large Intelligent Surface Design for Massive MIMO MmWave Systems
Creators: name: Wang, Peilan
name: Fang, Jun
name: Dai, Linglong
name: Li, Hongbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Large intelligent surface (LIS) has recently emerged as a potential low-cost solution to reshape the wireless propagation environment for improving the spectral efficiency. In this paper, we consider a downlink millimeter-wave (mmWave) multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system, where an LIS is deployed to assist the downlink data transmission from a base station (BS) to a user equipment (UE). Both the BS and the UE are equipped with a large number of antennas, and a hybrid analog/digital precoding/combining structure is used to reduce the hardware cost and energy consumption. We aim to maximize the spectral efficiency by jointly optimizing the LIS's reflection coefficients and the hybrid precoder (combiner) at the BS (UE). To tackle this non-convex problem, we reformulate the complex optimization problem into a much more friendly optimization problem by exploiting the inherent structure of the effective (cascade) mmWave channel. A manifold optimization (MO)-based algorithm is then developed. Simulation results show that by carefully devising LIS's reflection coefficients, our proposed method can help realize a favorable propagation environment with a small channel matrix condition number. Besides, it can achieve a performance comparable to those of state-of-the-art algorithms, while at a much lower computational complexity.
description: This paper has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications for future publication
Impact of complex many-body correlations on electron capture in thermally excited nuclei around $^{78}$Ni
Creators: name: Litvinova, Elena
name: Robin, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We link complex many-body correlations, which play a decisive role in the structural properties of atomic nuclei, to the electron capture occurring during star evolution. The recently developed finite-temperature response theory, taking into account the coupling between single-nucleon and collective degrees of freedom, is applied to spin-isospin transitions, which dominate the electron capture rates. Calculations are performed for $^{78}$Ni and for the surrounding even-even nuclei associated with a high-sensitivity region of the nuclear chart in the context of core-collapse supernova simulations. The obtained electron capture rates are compared to those of a simpler thermal quasiparticle random phase approximation (TQRPA), which is standardly used in such computations. The comparison indicates that correlations beyond TQRPA lead to significantly higher electron capture rates under the typical thermodynamical conditions.
description: Article: 12 pages, 9 figures
Performance Appraisal Accuracy: The Effects and Consequences of Rater's Motivation in Performance Appraisal Context; A Case Study of Pakistan Higher Education Sector
Creators: name: Farhat Saba
name: Nsubuga-Kyobe, Apollo
Publisher: name: Asian Forum on Business Education (AFBE)
Year: 2014
Subjects: Performance Appraisal,Performance Management,Performance Appraisal Accuracy,Rater Motivation,Higher Education

description: 2, 7, AFBE Journal
A Thermodynamic Non-Linear Response Relation
Creators: name: Holsten, Tristan
name: Krüger, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuation-dissipation-theorem connects equilibrium to mildly (linearly) perturbed situations in a thermodynamic manner: It involves the observable of interest and the entropy production caused by the perturbation. We derive a relation which connects responses of arbitrary order in perturbation strength to correlations of entropy production of lower order, thereby extending the fluctuation-dissipation-theorem to cases far from equilibrium in a thermodynamic way. The relation is validated and studied for a 4-state-model.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Second community evaluation of glycoproteomic informatics solutions
Creators: name: Riley, Nicholas McIlvain
name: Mahoney, Keira
E.
name: Chung, Nara
name: Chang, Vincent
name: Rangel-Angarita, Valentina
name: Kim, Lea
name: Kohler, Devon
name: Aoki-Kinoshita, Kiyoko
name: Lisacek, Frédérique
name: Scott, Nichollas
E.
name: Malaker, Stacy A
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field of glycoproteomics has experienced considerable growth within the last decade. Analytical improvements in instrumentation, fragmentation, and sample preparation have allowed for biological discoveries in how glycosylation contributes to protein function and cellular health. However, one critical bottleneck in glycoproteomics is data analysis via search algorithms due to the vast heterogeneity in glycosylation. In the first Human Glycoproteomics Initiative study, researchers were sent the same data file and were asked to report glycopeptides found. Unfortunately, vast differences were reported between the groups. Additionally, since then, many new programs and developments have emerged that warrant consideration. Thus, here we propose the second HGI study, wherein developer teams will be sent data files comprising N-glycopeptides, O-glycopeptides, and/or a mixture of both. The results will allow us to recommend suitable settings, parameters, and programs for various sample types. Ultimately, we believe this work will prove useful to the broad glycoproteomics community.
Quarkonia and their transitions
Creators: name: Eichten, Estia
name: Godfrey, Stephen
name: Mahlke, Hanna
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Valuable data on quarkonia (the bound states of a heavy quark Q=c,b and the corresponding antiquark) have recently been provided by a variety of sources, mainly e+ e- collisions, but also hadronic interactions. This permits a thorough updating of the experimental and theoretical status of electromagnetic and strong transitions in quarkonia. We discuss QQbar transitions to other QQbar states, with some reference to processes involving QQbar annihilation.
description: 80 pages, 17 figures, references updated
Tuning of Constant in gain Lead in phase (CgLp) Reset Controller using higher-order sinusoidal input describing function (HOSIDF)
Creators: name: Hou, Xiaojun
name: Dastjerdi, Ali Ahmadi
name: Saikumar, Niranjan
name: HosseinNia, S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Due to development of technology, linear controllers cannot satisfy requirements of high-tech industry. One solution is using nonlinear controllers such as reset elements to overcome this big barrier. In literature, the Constant in gain Lead in phase (CgLp) compensator is a novel reset element developed to overcome the inherent linear controller limitations. However, a tuning guideline for these controllers has not been proposed so far. In this paper, a recently developed method named higher-order sinusoidal input describing function (HOSIDF), which gives deeper insight into the frequency behaviour of non-linear controllers compared to sinusoidal input describing function (DF), is used to obtain a straight-forward tuning method for CgLp compensators. In this respect, comparative analyses on tracking performance of these compensators are carried out. Based on these analyses, tuning guidelines for CgLp compensators are developed and validated on a high-tech precision positioning stage. The results show the effectiveness of the developed tuning method.
Correction to the photometric magnitudes of the Gaia Early Data Release 3
Creators: name: Yang, Lin
name: Yuan, Haibo
name: Zhang, Ruoyi
name: Niu, Zexi
name: Huang, Yang
name: Duan, Fuqing
name: Fang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we have carried out an independent validation of the Gaia EDR3 photometry using about 10,000 Landolt standard stars from Clem & Landolt (2013). Using a machine learning technique, the UBVRI magnitudes are converted into the Gaia magnitudes and colors and then compared to those in the EDR3, with the effect of metallicity incorporated. Our result confirms the significant improvements in the calibration process of the Gaia EDR3. Yet modest trends up to 10 mmag with G magnitude are found for all the magnitudes and colors for the 10 < G < 19 mag range, particularly for the bright and faint ends. With the aid of synthetic magnitudes computed on the CALSPEC spectra with the Gaia EDR3 passbands, absolute corrections are further obtained, paving the way for optimal usage of the Gaia EDR3 photometry in high accuracy investigations.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted by ApJL
Linearizing N = 3 nonlinear supersymmetry in two dimensions
Creators: name: Shima, Kazunari
name: Tsuda, Motomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate for N = 3 supersymmetry (SUSY) in D = 2 the algebraic relation between the Volkov-Akulov (VA) model of nonlinear (NL) SUSY and a (renormalizable) SO(3) vector supermultiplet of linear (L) SUSY. We derive SUSY and SO(3) invariant relations between component fields of the vector supermultiplet and Nambu-Goldstone (NG) fermions of the VA model at leading orders by using three arbitrary dimensionless parameters which can be recasted as the vacuum expectation values of auxiliary fields in the vector supermultiplet. Two different irreducible representations of SO(3) super-Poincaré symmetry which appear in the same massless state are compatible with each other in the linearization of NL SUSY. The equivalence of a NL SUSY VA action to a free L SUSY action containing the Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) D term which indicates a spontaneously SUSY breaking is also discussed explicitly according to the SUSY invariant relations.
description: 7 pages, Latex
Hesse manifolds and Hessian symmetries of multifield cosmological models
Creators: name: Lazaroiu, Calin Iuliu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: I give a brief overview of the mathematical theory of Noether symmetries of multifield cosmological models, which decompose naturally into visible and Hessian (a.k.a. 'hidden') symmetries. While visible symmetries correspond to those infinitesimal isometries of the Riemannian target space of the scalar field map which preserve the scalar potential, Hessian symmetries have a much deeper theory. The latter correspond to Hesse functions, defined as solutions of the so-called Hesse equation of the target space. By definition, a Hesse manifold is a Riemannian manifold which admits nontrivial Hesse functions -- not to be confused with a Hessian manifold (the latter being a Riemannian manifold whose metric is locally the Hessian of a function). All Hesse $n$-manifolds ${\cal M}$ are non-compact and characterized by their index, defined as the dimension of the space of Hesse functions, which carries a natural symmetric bilinear pairing. The Hesse index is bounded from above by $n+1$ and, when the metric is complete, this bound is attained iff ${\cal M}$ is a Poincaré ball, in which case the space of Hesse functions identifies with $\mathbb{R}^{1,n}$ through an isomorphism constructed from the Weierstrass map. More generally, any elementary hyperbolic space form is a complete Hesse manifold and any Hesse manifold whose local Hesse index is maximal is hyperbolic. In particular, the class of complete Hesse surfaces coincides with that of elementary hyperbolic surfaces and hence any such surface is isometric with the Poincaré disk, the hyperbolic punctured disk or a hyperbolic annulus. On a complete Hesse manifold $({\cal M},G)$, the value of any Hesse function $Λ$ can be expressed though the distance from a characteristic subset of ${\cal M}$ determined by $Λ$.
description: 14 pages
Doping quantum dimer models on the square lattice
Creators: name: Poilblanc, Didier
name: Alet, Fabien
name: Becca, Federico
name: Ralko, Arnaud
name: Trousselet, Fabien
name: Mila, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A family of models is proposed to describe the motion of holes in a fluctuating quantum dimer background on the square lattice. Following Castelnovo et al. [Ann. Phys. (NY) 318, 316 (2005)], a generalized Rokhsar-Kivelson Hamiltonian at **finite doping** which can be mapped on a **doped** interacting classical dimer model is constructed. A simple physical extension of this model is also considered. Using numerical computations and simple considerations based on the above exact mapping, we determine the phase diagram of the model showing a number of quantum phases typical of a doped Mott insulator. The two-hole correlation function generically exhibits short-range or long-range algebraic correlations in the solid (columnar) and liquid (critical) phases of the model, respectively. Evidence for an extended region of a doped VBS phase exhibiting holon pairing but **no** phase separation is given. In contrast, we show that hole deconfinement occurs in the staggered dimer phase.
description: 5 pages
Simulation of a supersonic stator vane under two-phase inlet conditions
Creators: name: White, Martin
name: Turunen-Saaresti, Teemu
Publisher: name: Technical University of Munich
Year: 2021
Subjects: ORC;two-phase expansion; radial turbine; stator vane; CFD modelling

description: Two-phase expansion has previously been considered as a means to improve the performance of ORC systems for waste-heat recovery applications. However, ORC turbomachinery has almost exclusively been designed for operation with either superheated or saturated vapour, whilst during experimental testing turbine operation close the saturation region is generally avoided. However, for high temperature ORC systems, characterised by high molecular weight fluids, high expansion ratios and supersonic flows,it is postulated that a degree of wetness at the turbine inlet could be accommodated. This raises the question of whether an existing ORC turbine could be operated under two-phase inlet conditions, and whether two-phase expansion could be realised with existing ORC turbomachinery.This work presents an investigation of the performance of a supersonic stator vane, initially designed for superheated expansion, under two-phase inlet conditions. The stator geometry evaluated is installed on the ORC test rig at Lappeenranta University of Technology and was designed for the expansion of MDM from turbine inlet conditions of 265 °C and 8 bar to a Mach number of 2.4. A one-dimensional isentropic analysis is first conducted under the assumption of homogeneous flow to predict the variation in pressure and velocity if the existing area distribution is mapped onto two-phase inlet conditions with the same inlet pressure. The results indicate that for inlet vapour qualities above 0.65 the two-phase region is confined to upstream of the throat. This investigation is followed by a two-dimensional CFD simulation of the stator vane with inlet vapour qualities of 0.85, 0.65 and 0.45. As an initial assumption the two-phase mixture is modelled as a homogeneous binary mixture, and non-equilibrium effects are neglected. The CFD results are consistent with the one-dimensional predictions, indicating that for vapour qualities of 0.85 and 0.65 the two-phase region is confined to upstream of the throat, whilst for a vapour quality of 0.45 the transition to superheated vapour occurs in very close proximity to the throat. In all cases, there is no significant shift in the velocity triangles at stator outlet, indicating similar rotor performance could be expected. Finally, the validity of the equilibrium assumption is discussed.
Aspects of flow and compaction of laminated composite shapes during cure
Creators: name: Hubert, Pascal
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Cost-effective manufacturing has become the primary objective for many industries using composite materials in primary structures. To realize this objective, it is often desired to use process modelling, as it helps understand the interaction between the parameters affecting the product quality. Among the multitude of phenomena occurring during composites processing, resin flow is a critical issue. It affects the fibre volume fraction distribution, the mechanical properties of the laminate and the final dimensions of the part. For thermoset matrix composites, the percolation flow approach is typically used to model flow and compaction. In this approach, the resin flows relative to the fibres and the flow has to be coupled with the fibre bed compaction behaviour to obtain the final shape of the laminate. In the present work, a percolation flow-compaction model is implemented in a two-dimensional finite element processing model for complex shapes such as angles or hat sections. Material properties required for the flow-compaction model, such as resin viscosity and the fibre bed compaction curve are measured for two carbon-epoxy composites: AS4/3501-6 and AS4/8552. An experimental technique to measure the fibre bed compaction curve directly from the prepreg is presented. The fibre bed compaction curves are validated with results from uniaxial compaction tests. The flow-compaction model is used to study the effect of a variation of the material properties on the compaction of angle laminates. The results from this sensitivity analysis show that the compaction curve significantly affects the final laminate thickness while the fibre bed shear modulus controls the ability of the fibres to conform to a curvilinear shape. A series of angle laminates were cured to study the effect of fibre orientation, bagging conditions, material and tool type on compaction behaviour. Simulations of the angle laminates in bleed conditions are in good agreement with the experiments. However, the model does not predict the experimentally observed magnitude of the deformation at the corner of the [90°] layup. This behaviour is attributed to shear flow, where the fibres and the resin move together as a very viscous anisotropic fluid. Direct observations of the compaction behaviour during transverse flow are presented. They confirm the kinematic relations used in shear flow theory and show that friction is present at the plate-laminate interface. Next, the conditions required to produce percolation or shear flow are investigated in a simple uniaxial compaction experiment. Fibre orientation and resin viscosity are the primary variables determining the dominant flow mechanism. Shear flow is primarily affected by the fibre orientation and occurs essentially in the direction perpendicular to the fibres. Percolation flow depends on the resin viscosity and occurs mainly in the direction where shear flow is not possible.
Multi-wavelength variability of the magnetar 4U 0142+61
Creators: name: Durant, Martin
name: van Kerkwijk, Marten H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have collected data spanning seven years of observations of the magnetar 4U 0142+61 in the infrared, optical and soft X-rays. These combine our own observations and analysis of archival data. We find that the source is variable in the optical, in contrast to what had been previously reported, that the K-band flux can vary by over a magnitude on the time-scale of days, and that the X-ray pulsed flux is not obviously correlated with either the total X-ray flux or infrared and optical fluxes. Furthermore, from multi-color photometry of the source within single nights, we conclude that there are two separate components to the infrared emission. The overall picture is unclear, and prompts the need for further, more frequent observations.
description: 20 pages, published in ApJ
Analysis of low-threshold optically pumped III-nitride microdisk lasers
Creators: name: Tabataba-Vakili, Farsane
name: Brimont, Christelle
name: Alloing, Blandine
name: Damilano, Benjamin
name: Doyennette, Laetitia
name: Guillet, Thierry
name: Kurdi, Moustafa El
name: Chenot, Sébastien
name: Brändli, Virginie
name: Frayssinet, Eric
name: Duboz, Jean-Yves
name: Semond, Fabrice
name: Gayral, Bruno
name: Boucaud, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-threshold lasing under pulsed optical pumping is demonstrated at room temperature for III-nitride microdisks with InGaN/GaN quantum wells on Si in the blue spectral range. Thresholds in the range of 18 kW/cm2 have been achieved along with narrow linewidths of 0.07 nm and a large peak to background dynamic of 300. We compare this threshold range with the one that can be calculated using a rate equation model. We show that thresholds in the few kW/cm2 range constitute the best that can be achieved with III-nitride quantum wells at room temperature. The sensitivity of lasing on the fabrication process is also discussed.
On the Correlation between the Magnetic Activity Levels, the Metallicities and the Radii of Low-Mass Stars
Creators: name: Lopez-Morales, Mercedes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent burst in the number of radii measurements of very low-mass stars from eclipsing binaries and interferometry of single stars has opened more questions about what can be causing the discrepancy between the observed radii and the ones predicted by the models. The two main explanations being proposed are a correlation between the radius of the stars and their activity levels or their metallicities. This paper presents a study of such correlations using all the data published to date. The study also investigates correlations between the radii deviation from the models and the masses of the stars. There is no clear correlation between activity level and radii for the single stars in the sample. Those single stars are slow rotators with typical velocities v_rot sini < 3.0 km s^-1. A clear correlation however exists in the case of the faster rotating members of binaries. This result is based on the of X-ray emission levels of the stars. There also appears to be an increase in the deviation of the radii of single stars from the models as a function of metallicity, as previously indicated by Berger et al. (2006). The stars in binaries do not seem to follow the same trend. Finally, the Baraffe et al. (1998) models reproduce well the radius observations below 0.30-0.35Msun, where the stars become fully convective, although this result is preliminary since almost all the sample stars in that mass range are slow rotators and metallicities have not been measured for most of them. The results in this paper indicate that stellar activity and metallicity play an important role on the determination of the radius of very low-mass stars, at least above 0.35Msun.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication on ApJ
Sneak Preview: PowerDynamics.jl -= An Open-Source library for analyzing dynamic stability in power grids with high shares of renewable energy
Creators: name: Kittel, Tim
name: Auer, Sabine
name: Horn, Christina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PowerDynamics.jl is an Open-Source library for dynamic power grid modeling built in the latest scientific programming language, Julia. It provides all the tools necessary to analyze the dynamical stability of power grids with high share of renewable energy. In contrast to conventional tools, it makes full use of the simplicity and generality that Julia combines with highly-optimized just-in-time compiled Code. Additionally, its ecosystem provides DifferentialEquations.jl, a high-performance library for solving differential equations with built-in solvers and interfaces to industrial grade solvers like Sundials. PowerDynamics.jl provides a multitude of dynamics for different node/bus-types, e.g. rotating masses, droop-control in inverters, and is able to explicitly model time delays of inverters. Furthermore, it includes realistic models of fluctuations from renewable energy sources. In this paper, we demonstrate how to use PowerDynamics.jl for the IEEE 14-bus distribution grid feeder.
Additional file 1 of A meta-analysis on the efficacy of low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy for generalised anxiety disorder
Creators: name: Powell, Candice L. Y. M.
name: Chiu, Chun Yuen
name: Sun, Xiaoqi
name: So, Suzanne Ho-wai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials (RoB2) domains and criteria. Appendix 2. RoB2 evaluation results of each included study. Appendix 3. Anxiety outcomes following LICBT vs. control conditions (k = 12). Appendix 4. Depression outcomes following LICBT vs. control conditions (k = 11). Appendix 5. Worry outcomes following LICBT vs. control conditions (k = 9).
The venous system of E14.5 mouse embryos-reference data and examples for diagnosing malformations in embryos with gene deletions.
Creators: name: Geyer, Stefan H
name: Maurer-Gesek, Barbara
name: Reissig, Lukas F
name: Rose, Julia
name: Prin, Fabrice
name: Wilson, Robert
name: Galli, Antonella
name: Tudor, Catherine
name: White, Jacqueline K
name: Mohun, Timothy J
name: Weninger, Wolfgang J
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Developmental Biology
Imaging
Model organisms

description: Approximately one-third of randomly produced knockout mouse lines produce homozygous offspring, which fail to survive the perinatal period. The majority of these die around or after embryonic day (E)14.5, presumably from cardiovascular insufficiency. For diagnosing structural abnormalities underlying death and diseases and for researching gene function, the phenotype of these individuals has to be analysed. This makes the creation of reference data, which define normal anatomy and normal variations the highest priority. While such data do exist for the heart and arteries, they are still missing for the venous system. Here we provide high-quality descriptive and metric information on the normal anatomy of the venous system of E14.5 embryos. Using high-resolution digital volume data and 3D models from 206 genetically normal embryos, bred on the C57BL/6N background, we present precise descriptive and metric information of the venous system as it presents itself in each of the six developmental stages of E14.5. The resulting data shed new light on the maturation and remodelling of the venous system at transition of embryo to foetal life and provide a reference that can be used for detecting venous abnormalities in mutants. To explore this capacity, we analysed the venous phenotype of embryos from 7 knockout lines (Atp11a, Morc2a, 1700067K01Rik, B9d2, Oaz1, Celf4 and Coro1c). Careful comparisons enabled the diagnosis of not only simple malformations, such as dual inferior vena cava, but also complex and subtle abnormalities, which would have escaped diagnosis in the absence of detailed, stage-specific referenced data.
Cosmological production of H_2 before the formation of the first galaxies
Creators: name: Hirata, Christopher M.
name: Padmanabhan, Nikhil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous calculations of the pregalactic chemistry have found that a small amount of H_2, x[H_2]=n[H_2]/n[H] = 2.6e-6, is produced catalytically through the H^-, H_2^+, and HeH^+ mechanisms. We revisit this standard calculation taking into account the effects of the nonthermal radiation background produced by cosmic hydrogen recombination, which is particularly effective at destroying H^- via photodetachment. We also take into consideration the non-equilibrium level populations of H_2^+, which occur since transitions among the rotational-vibrational levels are slow compared to photodissociation. The new calculation predicts a final H_2 abundance of x[H_2] = 6e-7 for the standard cosmology. This production is due almost entirely to the H^- mechanism, with ~1 per cent coming from HeH^+ and ~0.004 per cent from H_2^+. We evaluate the heating of the diffuse pregalactic gas from the chemical reactions that produce H_2 and from rotational transitions in H_2, and find them to be negligible.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS submitted
Can Lèvy noise induce coherence and stochastic resonances in a birhythmic van der Pol system?
Creators: name: Yonkeu, R. Mbakob
name: Yamapi, R.
name: Filatrella, G.
name: Kurths, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of a birhythmic modified van der Pol type oscillator driven by periodic excitation and Lèvy noise shows the possible occurrence of coherence resonance and stochastic resonance. The frequency of the harmonic excitation in the neighborhood of one of the limit cycles influences the coherence of the dynamics on the time scale of intrawell oscillations. The autocorrelation function, the power spectral density and the signal-to-noise-ratio used in this analysis are shown to be maximized for an appropriate choice of the noise intensity. A proper adjustment of the Lèvy noise intensity enhances the output power spectrum of the system, that is, promotes stochastic resonance. Thus, the robustness of the resonance, that seems to occur also in the presence of nonstandard noise, is examined using standard measures. The initial selection of the attractor seems to have an influence on the coherence, while the skewness parameter of the Lèvy noise has not a notable impact on the resonant effect.
Ruppeiner Geometry of the RN-AdS Black Hole Using Shadow Formalism
Creators: name: Wang, Chao
name: Wu, Bin
name: Xu, Zhen-Ming
name: Yang, Wen-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection between the shadow radius and the Ruppeiner geometry of a charged static spherically symmetric black hole is investigated. The normalized curvature scalar is adopted, and its close relation to the Van der Waals-like and Hawking-Page phase transition of Reissner-Nordström AdS black hole is studied. The results show that the shadow radius is a useful tool to reveal the correct information of the phase structure and the underlying microstructure of the black hole, which opens a new window to investigate the strong gravity system from the observational point of view.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures