Supermassive Black Hole Winds in X-rays -- SUBWAYS. I. Ultra-fast outflows in QSOs beyond the local Universe
Creators: name: Matzeu, G. A.
name: Brusa, M.
name: Lanzuisi, G.
name: Dadina, M.
name: Bianchi, S.
name: Kriss, G.
name: Mehdipour, M.
name: Nardini, E.
name: Chartas, G.
name: Middei, R.
name: Piconcelli, E.
name: Gianolli, V.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Longinotti, A. L.
name: Krongold, Y.
name: Ricci, F.
name: Petrucci, P. O.
name: Tombesi, F.
name: Luminari, A.
name: Zappacosta, L.
name: Miniutti, G.
name: Gaspari, M.
name: Behar, E.
name: Bischetti, M.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Perna, M.
name: Giustini, M.
name: Grandi, P.
name: Torresi, E.
name: Vignali, C.
name: Bruni, G.
name: Cappi, M.
name: Costantini, E.
name: Cresci, G.
name: De Marco, B.
name: De Rosa, A.
name: Gilli, R.
name: Guainazzi, M.
name: Kaastra, J.
name: Kraemer, S.
name: La Franca, F.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Panessa, F.
name: Ponti, G.
name: Proga, D.
name: Ursini, F.
name: Fiore, F.
name: King, A. R.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Matt, G.
name: Merloni, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new X-ray spectroscopic study of $22$ luminous ($2\times10^{45}\lesssim L_{\rm bol}\rm /erg\,s^{-1} \lesssim 2\times10^{46}$) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at intermediate-redshift ($0.1 \lesssim z \lesssim 0.4$), as part of the SUpermassive Black hole Winds in the x-rAYS (SUBWAYS) sample, mostly composed of quasars (QSOs) and type\,1 AGN. Here, 17 targets were observed with \textit{XMM-Newton} between 2019--2020 and the remaining 5 are from previous observations. The aim of this large campaign ($1.45\,\rm Ms$ duration) is to characterise the various manifestations of winds in the X-rays driven from supermassive black holes in AGN. In this paper we focus on the search and characterization of ultra-fast outflows (UFOs), which are typically detected through blueshifted absorption troughs in the Fe\,K band ($E&gt;7\,\rm keV$). By following Monte Carlo procedures, we confirm the detection of absorption lines corresponding to highly ionised iron (e.g., Fe\,\textsc{xxv}\,H$α$, Fe\,\textsc{xxvi}\,Ly$α$) in 7/22 sources at the $\gtrsim95\%$ confidence level (for each individual line). The global combined probability of such absorption features in the sample is $&gt;99.9\%$. The SUBWAYS campaign extends at higher luminosity and redshifts than previous local studies on Seyferts, obtained using \xmm and \suzaku observations. We find a UFO detection fraction of $\sim30\%$ on the total sample that is in agreement with the previous findings. This work independently provides further support for the existence of highly-ionised matter propagating at mildly relativistic speed ($\gtrsim0.1c$) in a considerable fraction of AGN over a broad range of luminosities, which is expected to play a key role in the self-regulated AGN feeding-feedback cycle, as also supported by hydrodynamical multiphase simulations.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&amp;A