cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tinker-HP : Accelerating Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Large Complex Systems with Advanced Point Dipole Polarizable Force Fields using GPUs and Multi-GPUs systems
Creators: name: Adjoua, Olivier
name: Lagardère, Louis
name: Jolly, Luc-Henri
name: Durocher, Arnaud
name: Very, Thibaut
name: Dupays, Isabelle
name: Wang, Zhi
name: Inizan, Théo Jaffrelot
name: Célerse, Frédéric
name: Ren, Pengyu
name: Ponder, Jay W.
name: Piquemal, Jean-Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the extension of the Tinker-HP package (Lagardère et al., Chem. Sci., 2018,9, 956-972) to the use of Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) cards to accelerate molecular dynamics simulations using polarizable many-body force fields. The new high-performance module allows for an efficient use of single- and multi-GPU architectures ranging from research laboratories to modern supercomputer centers. After detailing an analysis of our general scalable strategy that relies on OpenACC and CUDA, we discuss the various capabilities of the package. Among them, the multi-precision possibilities of the code are discussed. If an efficient double precision implementation is provided to preserve the possibility of fast reference computations, we show that a lower precision arithmetic is preferred providing a similar accuracy for molecular dynamics while exhibiting superior performances. As Tinker-HP is mainly dedicated to accelerate simulations using new generation point dipole polarizable force field, we focus our study on the implementation of the AMOEBA model. Testing various NVIDIA platforms including 2080Ti, 3090, V100 and A100 cards, we provide illustrative benchmarks of the code for single- and multi-cards simulations on large biosystems encompassing up to millions of atoms. The new code strongly reduces time to solution and offers the best performances to date obtained using the AMOEBA polarizable force field. Perspectives toward the strong-scaling performance of our multi-node massive parallelization strategy, unsupervised adaptive sampling and large scale applicability of the Tinker-HP code in biophysics are discussed. The present software has been released in phase advance on GitHub in link with the High Performance Computing community COVID-19 research efforts and is free for Academics (see https://github.com/TinkerTools/tinker-hp).
Evolution of a migrating giant planet in the presence of an inclined binary companion
Creators: name: Roisin, Arnaud
name: Libert, Anne-Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. There are a growing number of giant planets discovered moving around one stellar component of a binary star, most of which have very diverse eccentricity. These discoveries raise the question of their formation and long-term evolution because the stellar companion can strongly affect the planet formation process. We aim to study the dynamical influence of a wide binary companion on the evolution of a single giant planet migrating in a protoplanetary disk. Methods. Using a symplectic n-body integrator adapted for binary star systems and modeling the dissipation due to the disk by appropriate formulae emerging from hydrodynamical simulations, we carried out 3600 simulations with different orbital parameters for the planet and different eccentricity and inclination values for the binary companion. The long-term evolution of the planets was followed for 100 Myr and the different dynamical behaviors were unveiled using a quadrupolar Hamiltonian approach. Results. We highlight the high probability for planets to experience, during the disk phase, a scattering event or an ejection due to the presence of a binary companion. We show that a capture in a Lidov-Kozai resonant state is far from automatic when the binary companion star is highly inclined, since only $11 \%$ of the systems end up locked in the resonance at the end of the simulations. Nevertheless, in the presence of a highly inclined binary companion, all the planetary evolutions are strongly influenced by the Lidov-Kozai resonance and the nonresonant evolutions present high eccentricity and inclination variations associated with circulation around the Lidov-Kozai islands.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Consumers' Acceptability and Rejection of Food Traceability Systems, a French-German Cross-Comparison
Creators: name: Halawany, Rafia
name: Bauer, Caroline
name: Giraud, Georges
name: Schaer, Burkhard
name: Halawany, Rafia
name: Bauer, Caroline
name: Giraud, Georges
name: Schaer, Burkhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Traceability
subject: Focus Groups
subject: Means-end Chains
subject: Consumer Attitudes

description: Food traceability is mandatory since 1st January 2005 in the EU. Traceability of products and activities in the food supply chain is a new factor of competitiveness in agribusiness that connects producers to consumers and is deemed to be an important criterion of perception of food product quality and safety for consumers. Within the food industry, traceability is absolutely essential to provide consumer assurance about the sources and safety of food, to allow identification of the source of infected or substandard product, for disease control and residue monitoring, for support measure verification, and to satisfy the requirements of labelling regulations. Despite growing interest in traceability systems and recognition of the need to act more market oriented, very little research has been done on consumer needs and perception of traceability. Researchers as well as managers have mainly focused on technical solutions. This paper tries to contribute to i) get a deeper understanding of the role of the "ability-to-trace" in consumer decision-making process with respect to food, ii) measure consumers' acceptability for food traceability, iii) check the differences of these matters across France and Germany.
XOTIN-QIZLAR UCHUN TENG HUQUQ VA IMKONIYATLARNING HUQUQIY ASOSLARI
Creators: name: Ibrohimova, Sitora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur maqolada mamlakatimizda xotin-qizlarning huquq va qonuniy manfaatlarini himoya qilish, ularning iqtisodiy, ijtimoiy va siyosiy faolligini oshirishga oid masalalar tegishli qonunchilik va statistik ma’lmuotlar asosida atroflicha huquqiy tahlil qilingan.
Radiation hydrodynamics simulations of protoplanetary disks: Stellar mass dependence of the disk photoevaporation rate
Creators: name: Komaki, Ayano
name: Nakatani, Riouhei
name: Yoshida, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent multi-wavelength observations suggest that inner parts of protoplanetary disks (PPDs) have shorter lifetimes for heavier host stars. Since PPDs around high-mass stars are irradiated by strong ultra-violet radiation, photoevaporation may provide an explanation for the observed trend. We perform radiation hydrodynamics simulations of photoevaporation of PPDs for a wide range of host star mass of $M_* =0.5$-$7.0 M_{\odot}$. We derive disk mass-loss rate $\dot{M}$, which has strong stellar dependence as $\dot{M} \approx 7.30\times10^{-9}(M_{*}/M_{\odot})^{2}M_{\odot}\rm{yr}^{-1}$. The absolute value of $\dot{M}$ scales with the adopted far-ultraviolet and X-ray luminosities. We derive the surface mass-loss rates and provide polynomial function fits to them. We also develop a semi-analytic model that well reproduces the derived mass-loss rates. The estimated inner disk lifetime decreases as the host star mass increases, in agreement with the observational trend. We thus argue that photoevaporation is a major physical mechanism for PPD dispersal for a wide range of the stellar mass and can account for the observed stellar mass dependence of the inner disk lifetime.
description: 15 pages, 12figures, ApJ in press
title: „In Rheinsberg – wie immer – fallen die Würfel“: Mit Theodor Fontane auf der Suche nach einem preußischen Ort
Creators: name: Möller, Klaus-Peter
Publisher: name: Max Weber Stiftung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fontane, Theodor
subject: Der Stechlin
subject: Preußenbild
subject: Aktualität
subject: 943
subject: 306.09
subject: 303

description: Das auffällige Zitat aus Fontanes Stechlin-Roman wird zum Ausgangspunkt für Überlegungen zur politischen und historischen Symbolik, die sich mit dem Ort Rheinsberg verbindet, sowie zur Bedeutung Preußens für die Landes- und Weltgeschichte. Fontanes Vermächtniswerk wird als politischer Roman vorgestellt, seine Methode auf den aktuellen Diskurs angewendet. Durch das Stechlin-Motiv erhalten die Rheinsberger Gespräche ihre besondere Bedeutung, was nicht nur für den Roman gilt, sondern auch für die aktuellen Auseinandersetzungen mit Kunst, Kultur, Geschichte und Politik in dieser Region.
description: Gespräche am Rheinsberger Musenhof – Auftakt: Beiträge des ersten Kolloquiums vom 6. und 7. Mai 2022, p. 15
MAKTABGACHA TA'LIM TIZIMIGA YANGICHA YONDASHUVDA JAHONNING ILG'OR PEDAGOGIK TAJRIBALARI
Creators: name: Soliyev, Ilhomjon
name: Yusufjonova, Inoyatbibi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maktabgacha ta’lim tashkilotlarida maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalarni pedagogik va psixologik tomondan har tomonlama rivojlanishini ta’minlashga qaratilgan ta’lim-tarbiya jarayon murakkab mexanizimdir. Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim tizimidagi yangi yondashuvlar haqida so’z boradi.
QPOs during magnetar flares are not driven by mechanical normal modes of the crust
Creators: name: Levin, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-Periodic Oscillations (QPOs) have been observed during three powerful magnetar flares, from SGR0526-66, SGR1806-20 and SGR1900+14. These QPOs have been commonly interpreted as being driven by the mechanical modes of the magnetar's solid crust which are excited during the flare. Here we show that this interpretation is in sharp contradiction with the conventional magnetar model. Firstly, we show that a magnetar crustal mode decays on the timescale of at most a second due to the emission of Alfven waves into the neutron-star interior. A possible modification is then to assume that the QPOs are associated with the magnetars' global modes. However, we argue that at the frequencies of the observed QPOs, the neutron-star core is likely to support a continuum of Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) normal modes. We demonstrate this on a completely solvable toy model which captures the essential physics of the system. We then show that the frequency of the global mode of the whole star is likely to have a significant imaginary component, and its amplitude is likely to decay on a short timescale. This is not observed. Thus we conclude that either (i) the origin of the QPO is in the magnetar's magnetosphere, or (ii) the magnetic field has a special configuration: either it is expelled from the magnetar's core prior to the flares, or its poloidal component has very small coherence length.
description: 4 pages, accepted to MNRAS letters. Important references on oscillations of magnetic stars are added, comment on the 625Hz QPO is added, the conclusions are strengthened
Relativistic Landau problem at finite temperature
Creators: name: Beneventano, C. G.
name: Santangelo, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the zero temperature Casimir energy and fermion number for Dirac fields in a 2+1-dimensional Minkowski space-time, in the presence of a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the spatial manifold. Then, we go to the finite-temperature problem with a chemical potential, introduced as a uniform zero component of the gauge potential. By performing a Lorentz boost, we obtain Hall's conductivity in the case of crossed electric and magnetic fields.
description: Talk given at the Seventh International Workshop Quantum Field Theory under the influence of External Conditions, QFEXT'05, Barcelona, Spain
Precision neutron interferometric measurements of the n-p, n-d, and n-3He zero-energy coherent neutron scattering amplitudes
Creators: name: Huffman, P. R.
name: Arif, M.
name: Black, T. C.
name: Jacobson, D. L.
name: Schoen, K.
name: Snow, W. M.
name: Werner, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed high precision measurements of the zero-energy neutron scattering amplitudes of gas phase molecular hydrogen, deuterium, and $^{3}$He using neutron interferometry. We find $b_{\mathit{np}}=(-3.7384 \pm 0.0020)$ fm\cite{Schoen03}, $b_{\mathit{nd}}=(6.6649 \pm 0.0040)$ fm\cite{Black03,Schoen03}, and $b_{n^{3}\textrm{He}} = (5.8572 \pm 0.0072)$ fm\cite{Huffman04}. When combined with the previous world data, properly corrected for small multiple scattering, radiative corrections, and local field effects from the theory of neutron optics and combined by the prescriptions of the Particle Data Group, the zero-energy scattering amplitudes are: $b_{\mathit{np}}=(-3.7389 \pm 0.0010)$ fm, $b_{\mathit{nd}}=(6.6683 \pm 0.0030)$ fm, and $b_{n^{3}\textrm{He}} = (5.853 \pm .007)$ fm. The precision of these measurements is now high enough to severely constrain NN few-body models. The n-d and n-$^{3}$He coherent neutron scattering amplitudes are both now in disagreement with the best current theories. The new values can be used as input for precision calculations of few body processes. This precision data is sensitive to small effects such as nuclear three-body forces, charge-symmetry breaking in the strong interaction, and residual electromagnetic effects not yet fully included in current models.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physica B as part of the Festschrift honouring Samuel A. Werner at the International Conference on Neutron Scattering 2005
Multiproduct Food Retail Sales: A Case Study for Germany
Creators: name: Hansen, Kristin
name: Loy, Jens-Peter
name: Hansen, Kristin
name: Loy, Jens-Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Retail Sales
subject: Northern Germany

description: Temporary price reductions (sales) as a means of promotional measures have become an increasingly important tool in the marketing mix of German food retailers. Various models have been proposed to explain the rationales behind such pricing strategies. Recently these models have been extended to capture the multiproduct nature of retail business. In this paper German retail food scanner data over two years are used to estimate a three step procedure to explain breadth and depth of sales, and their impact on category revenues.
Asymptotically scale-invariant occupancy of phase space makes the entropy Sq extensive
Creators: name: Tsallis, Constantino
name: Gell-Mann, Murray
name: Sato, Yuzuru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase space can be constructed for $N$ equal and distinguishable subsystems that could be (probabilistically) either {\it weakly} (or {\it "locally"}) correlated (e.g., independent, i.e., uncorrelated), or {\it strongly} (or {\it globally}) correlated. If they are locally correlated, we expect the Boltzmann-Gibbs entropy $S_{BG} \equiv -k \sum_i p_i \ln p_i$ to be {\it extensive}, i.e., $S_{BG}(N)\propto N $ for $N \to\infty$. In particular, if they are independent, $S_{BG}$ is {\it strictly additive}, i.e., $S_{BG}(N)=N S_{BG}(1), \forall N$. However, if the subsystems are globally correlated, we expect, for a vast class of systems, the entropy $S_q\equiv k [1- \sum_i p_i^q]/(q-1)$ (with $S_1=S_{BG}$) for some special value of $q\ne1$ to be the one which extensive (i.e., $S_q(N)\propto N $ for $N \to\infty$).
description: 15 pages, including 9 figures and 8 Tables. The new version is considerably enlarged with regard to the previous ones. New examples and new references have been included
Re-elicitation of a Coyote story transcribed by Kroeber
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-211217-08: re-elicitation of a Coyote story transcribed by Alfred Kroeber, from Pliny Earle Goddard's notebooks archived at the American Philosophical Society (catalog number Na20a.2, notebook #4).
Photonic band structure design using persistent homology
Creators: name: Leykam, Daniel
name: Angelakis, Dimitris G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The machine learning technique of persistent homology classifies complex systems or datasets by computing their topological features over a range of characteristic scales. There is growing interest in applying persistent homology to characterize physical systems such as spin models and multiqubit entangled states. Here we propose persistent homology as a tool for characterizing and optimizing band structures of periodic photonic media. Using the honeycomb photonic lattice Haldane model as an example, we show how persistent homology is able to reliably classify a variety of band structures falling outside the usual paradigms of topological band theory, including "moat band" and multi-valley dispersion relations, and thereby control the properties of quantum emitters embedded in the lattice. The method is promising for the automated design of more complex systems such as photonic crystals and Moire superlattices.
description: Published version; 9 pages, 7 figures
On the appearance of Eisenstein series through degeneration
Creators: name: Garbin, Dan
name: Jorgenson, Jay
name: Munn, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F12; 30F35

description: Let $Γ$ be a Fuchsian group of the first kind acting on the hyperbolic upper half plane $\mathbb H$, and let $M = Γ\backslash \mathbb H$ be the associated finite volume hyperbolic Riemann surface. If $γ$ is parabolic, there is an associated (parabolic) Eisenstein series, which, by now, is a classical part of mathematical literature. If $γ$ is hyperbolic, then, following ideas due to Kudla-Millson, there is a corresponding hyperbolic Eisenstein series. In this article, we study the limiting behavior of parabolic and hyperbolic Eisenstein series on a degenerating family of finite volume hyperbolic Riemann surfaces. In particular, we prove the following result. If $γ\in Γ$ corresponds to a degenerating hyperbolic element, then a multiple of the associated hyperbolic Eisenstein series converges to parabolic Eisenstein series on the limit surface.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. This paper has been accepted for publication in Commentarii Mathematici Helvetici
Reply to comments of Dikpati et al
Creators: name: Choudhuri, Arnab Rai
name: Nandy, Dibyendu
name: Chatterjee, Piyali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here our response to Dikpati et al.'s criticism of our recent solar dynamo model.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Linear Regression with Distributed Learning: A Generalization Error Perspective
Creators: name: Hellkvist, Martin
name: Özçelikkale, Ayça
name: Ahlén, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Distributed learning provides an attractive framework for scaling the learning task by sharing the computational load over multiple nodes in a network. Here, we investigate the performance of distributed learning for large-scale linear regression where the model parameters, i.e., the unknowns, are distributed over the network. We adopt a statistical learning approach. In contrast to works that focus on the performance on the training data, we focus on the generalization error, i.e., the performance on unseen data. We provide high-probability bounds on the generalization error for both isotropic and correlated Gaussian data as well as sub-gaussian data. These results reveal the dependence of the generalization performance on the partitioning of the model over the network. In particular, our results show that the generalization error of the distributed solution can be substantially higher than that of the centralized solution even when the error on the training data is at the same level for both the centralized and distributed approaches. Our numerical results illustrate the performance with both real-world image data as well as synthetic data.
Reduced Shear Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Dodelson, Scott
name: Shapiro, Charles
name: White, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of ellipticities of background galaxies are sensitive to the reduced shear, the cosmic shear divided by $(1-κ)$ where $κ$ is the projected density field. We compute the difference between shear and reduced shear both analytically and with simulations. The difference becomes more important on smaller scales, and will impact cosmological parameter estimation from upcoming experiments. A simple recipe is presented to carry out the required correction.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
The Cosmological Perturbation Theory on the Geodesic Light-Cone background
Creators: name: Fanizza, Giuseppe
name: Marozzi, Giovanni
name: Medeiros, Matheus
name: Schiaffino, Gloria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the fully non-linear Geodesic Light-Cone (GLC) gauge, we consider its analogous set of coordinates which describes the unperturbed Universe. Given this starting point, we then build a cosmological perturbation theory on top of it, study the gauge transformation properties related to this new set of perturbations and show the connection with standard cosmological perturbation theory. In particular, we obtain which gauge in standard perturbation theory corresponds to the GLC gauge, and put in evidence how this is a useful alternative to the standard Synchronous Gauge. Moreover, we exploit several viable definitions for gauge invariant combinations. Among others, we build the gauge invariant variables such that their values equal the ones of linearized GLC gauge perturbations. This choice is motivated by two crucial properties of the GLC gauge: i) it admits simple expressions for light-like observables, e.g. redshift and angular distance, at fully non-linear level and ii) the GLC proper time coincides with the one of a free-falling observer. Thanks to the first property, exact expressions can then be easily expanded at linear order to obtain linear gauge invariant expression for the chosen observable. Moreover, the second feature naturally provides gauge invariant expressions for physical observables in terms of the time as measured by such free-falling observer. Finally, we explicitly show all these aspects for the case of the linearized angular distance-redshift relation.
description: 26 pages, no figures. Inconsequential modification of an equation. Comments and references added. Version accepted for publication in JCAP
Farmland Values, Government Payments, and the Overall Risk to U.S. Agriculture: A Structural Equation-Latent Variable Model
Creators: name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Dedah, Cheikhna O.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Dedah, Cheikhna O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Farm Management
Land Economics/Use

description: According to Ricardian rent theory, the value of farm assets is equal to the discounted present value of future expected net rents from farm returns, and the discounted expected value of the land if converted to nonfarm development. Some recent research has considered modifying this standard present value model by acknowledging that returns from the market may be discounted at a different interest rate than returns from government payments (Goodwin, Mishra, and Ortal-Magne) and also that the discount rate itself may be time-varying. However, very little research has considered how changes in the overall risk to agriculture may affect farmland values. An exception is Moss, Shonkwiler and Schmitz (2004). We use time series panel data from the USDA for United States, 1960-2004 and a structural equations model with latent variables for the rate of return on farm assets and for the real risk-adjusted interest rate. We find that a secondary effect of agricultural policies that reduces the overall risk to agriculture may increase farmland values (and thus farm sector wealth). Government payments are offsetting the negative impact of high volatility of returns to farming.
Predicting Effort and Protected Species Bycatch Under an Effort Limit or Take Caps
Creators: name: Stohs, Stephen M.
name: Stohs, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Many production processes feature joint production of a desirable output with an undesirable byproduct. Producers and consumers of the desirable output mutually benefit at the expense of non-consumers, who bear external damage costs imposed by production of the undesirable byproduct. A standard approach to regulating such production activities is through the combination of a limit on allowable production effort in conjunction with a cap on the level of the undesirable output. The situation is greatly complicated when the production externality is a random function which depends on the level of production effort. In this case, capping undesirable output induces a random limit on the level of the production effort, assuming further production is prohibited once the undesirable output cap is reached. One situation which fits the above description is that of controlling protected species bycatch in commercial fisheries management. Because protected species are typically rare or endangered, and hence limited in population size and distribution, protected species bycatch is by nature a rare event, subject to random variation over time periods or areas where fishing effort occurs. A standard approach to protected species bycatch mitigation is to employ some combination of effort limit and protected species take caps within a given fishing season, in order to ensure that fishing effort ends before an unacceptably large number of protected species takes has occurred. Given the inherent randomness of protected species bycatch for a given level of fishing effort, a number of questions of interest arise in comparing alternative bycatch management regimes, including: 1. If effort reaches the regulatory limit, what is the likely range of variation in bycatch? 2. What is the likely range of effort under regulation by protected species take caps? 3. What is the effect on the allowable range of effort if take caps are simultaneously implemented for multiple protected species? 4. With multiple take caps and an overall effort limit, what are the probabilities for hitting each of the different possible caps or limit? A probabilistic framework is developed herein to address these and related questions. I use a Poisson distribution to model the probability distribution of bycatch conditional on a given level of effort. A Bayesian framework for deriving predictive distributions of bycatch conditional on fishing effort is used to obtain the stochastic effort limit for a given specified limit and take caps. The methodology is applied to observer data from the Hawaii-based longline fishery for swordfish in order to address the questions posed above.
The $H$-theorem in $κ$-statistics: influence on the molecular chaos hypothesis
Creators: name: Silva, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We rediscuss recent derivations of kinetic equations based on the Kaniadakis' entropy concept. Our primary objective here is to derive a kinetical version of the second law of thermodynamycs in such a $κ$-framework. To this end, we assume a slight modification of the molecular chaos hypothesis. For the $H_κ$-theorem, it is shown that the collisional equilibrium states (null entropy source term) are described by a $κ$-power law extension of the exponential distribution and, as should be expected, all these results reduce to the standard one in the limit $κ\to 0$.
description: 4 pages, eqs. (18) and (22) have been corrected, to appear in Phys. Lett. A
The census of dense cores in the Serpens region from the Herschel Gould Belt Survey
Creators: name: Fiorellino, E.
name: Elia, D.
name: André, Ph.
name: Men'shchikov, A.
name: Pezzuto, S.
name: Schisano, E.
name: Könyves, V.
name: Arzoumanian, D.
name: Benedettini, M.
name: Ward-Thompson, D.
name: Bracco, A.
name: Di Francesco, J.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Kirk, J.
name: Motte, F.
name: Molinari, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Herschel Gould Belt survey mapped the nearby (d < 500 pc) star-forming regions to understand better how the prestellar phase influences the star formation process. Here we report a complete census of dense cores in a 15 deg2 area of the Serpens star-forming region located between d=420 pc and 484 pc. The PACS and SPIRE cameras imaged this cloud from 70micron to 500micron. With the multi-wavelength source extraction algorithm getsources, we extract 833 sources, of which 709 are starless cores and 124 are candidate proto-stellar cores. We obtain temperatures and masses for all the sample, classifying the starless cores in 604 prestellar cores and 105 unbound cores. Our census of sources is 80% complete for masses larger than 0.8 Msun overall. We produce the core mass function (CMF) and compare it with the initial mass function (IMF). The prestellar CMF is consistent with log-normal trend up to 2 Msun, after which it follows a power-law with slope of -2.05+/-0.34. The tail of its CMF is steeper but still compatible with the IMF for the region we studied in this work. We also extract the filaments network of the Serpens region, finding that 81% of prestellar cores lie on filamentary structures. The spatial association between cores and filamentary structure supports the paradigm, suggested by otherHerschelobservations, that prestellar cores mostly form on filaments. Serpens is confirmed to be a young, low-mass and active star-forming region.
description: 22 pages, 17 figures
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Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
Subjects: ÐÐ½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°
Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°
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description: Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Â«ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐµÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÂ» ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð½Ñ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸. ÐÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹, Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Â«ÐÐ½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¾, ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð½Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸Â», Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ñ Â«ÐÐ½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°Â».
Probing Heavy Charged Higgs Bosons through Bottom Flavored Hadrons in the $H^+\to \bar{b}t\to B+X$ Channel in 2HDM
Creators: name: Nejad, S. Mohammad Moosavi
name: Yarahmadi, P. Sartipi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observing light or heavy charged Higgs bosons $H^\pm$, lighter or heavier than the top quark, would be instant evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model. For this reason, in recent years searches for charged Higgs bosons have been in the center of attention of current colliders such as the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In spite of all efforts, no signal has been yet observed. Especially, the results of CMS and ATLAS experiments have excluded a large region in the MSSM $m_{H^+}-\tanβ$ parameter space for $m_{H^+}=80-160$ GeV corresponding to the entire range of $\tanβ$ up to 60. Therefore, it seems that one should concentrate on probing heavy charged Higgs bosons ($m_{H^\pm}>m_t$) so in this context each new probing channel is welcomed. In this work, we intend to present our proposed channel to search for heavy charged Higgses through the study of scaled-energy distribution of bottom-flavored mesons ($B$) inclusively produced in charged Higgs decay, i.e., $H^+\to t\bar{b}\to B+X$. Our study is carried out within the framework of the generic two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) using the massless scheme where the zero mass parton approximation is adopted for bottom quark.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in European Physical Journal C
Economic, Environmental, and Endowment Effects on Childhood Obesity
Creators: name: Wendt, Minh
name: Wendt, Minh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: This paper examines factors associated with the childhood obesity phenomenon in the U.S. A national longitudinal dataset “Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten-Fifth Grade” (ECLS-K) that has data for 12,719 children from fall 1998 (Kindergarten year) through spring 2004 (Fifth grade) is used. Two econometric models, a mixed-effects ordered Logit and a random-effects Tobit, are used to predict obesity status and the extent to which a child is overweight (the excess level of a child’s Body Mass Index). The results show that the more time parents spend working and certain non-parental care sources such as at-home childcare (as opposed to childcare at centers) are statistically significant in predicting the likelihood of childhood obesity and their level of excess weight. Endowment factors such as child’s birth weight and race, and other demographic factors such as parents’ social economic status, family structure, and family size are strongly correlated with these two outcomes. Environmental factors such as bed time, computer use, and physical education programs at school are negatively correlated with the level of excess weight but not statistically significant in predicting the probability of being overweight in children. The results of this study will be useful for educators, parents, and policy makers.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 08/01/08.
Neutrino Electromagnetic Form Factors Effect on the Neutrino Cross Section in Dense Matter
Creators: name: Sulaksono, A.
name: Williams, C. K.
name: Hutauruk, P. T. P.
name: Mart, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity of the differential cross section of the interaction between neutrino-electron with dense matter to the possibly nonzero neutrino electromagnetic properties has been investigated. Here, the relativistic mean field model inspired by effective field theory has been used to describe non strange dense matter, both with and without the neutrino trapping. We have found that the cross section becomes more sensitive to the constituent distribution of the matter, once electromagnetic properties of the neutrino are taken into account. The effects of electromagnetic properties of neutrino on the cross section become more significant for the neutrino magnetic moment mu_nu > 10^{-10} mu_B and for the neutrino charge radius R > 10^{-5} MeV^{-1}.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Physical Review C
DDI 2.5 to EQB metadata transformation
Creators: name: Žibert, Gregor
name: Štebe, Janez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Slovenian Social Science Data Archives (ADP) have developed an XSLT (eXtensible Stylesheet Language Transformations) stylesheet to align the data, variable, and question descriptions within a selection of current ADP DDI 2.5 codebook instances with the established CESSDA European Question Bank (EQB) DDI 2.5 harvesting profile. This effort was undertaken as part of the Social Sciences & Humanities Open Cloud (SSHOC) project.

This paper offers a concise overview of the transformation process, including insights into our local development environment setup, the systematic approach taken to create the XSLT transformation file , the resultant EQB DDI 2.5 XML files and potential avenues for future enhancements. Emphasis is on extracting information from existing variable description, and transforming and adding the missing default ingredients in order to pass the EQB profile validation. The functional XSLT can serve as a model for others aiming to adapt their local DDI 2.5 metadata to the common EQB profile, thus opening the metadata to further transformations including DDI3 family. The paper also discusses the challenges and potential pitfalls that were encountered during the preparation of the XSLT stylesheet.

ADP is presently engaged in the task of converting its existing metadata to DDI 2.5. Once this transition is complete, we will be equipped to convert the metadata into the EQB DDI 2.5 profile, thus enabling its accessibility for harvesting through the OAI-PMH endpoint.
Optimal Management of Molds in Stored Corn
Creators: name: Yigezu, Yigezu A.
name: Alexander, Corinne E.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Yigezu, Yigezu A.
name: Alexander, Corinne E.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Mold management
subject: stored corn
subject: expected profitability
subject: integrated pest management
subject: monitoring
subject: aeration
subject: stochastic dynamic programming

description: Long term storage of corn is becoming more common due to the recent increase in the demand for corn by ethanol plants. Infection of maize kernels by toxigenic fungi remains a challenging storage problem despite decades of research. Experts in storage management propose the use of a combination of preventive and monitoring-based responsive strategies in response to mold risks. In this paper, a stochastic dynamic programming model is solved to determine the expected profitability and optimal combination, timing and intensity of the proposed mold management strategies using farmers’ existing infrastructure. The results show that even with relatively high monitoring costs, maintaining high quality grain using a monitoring based optimal mold management strategy costs less than the benefit it fetches. Farmers’ current typical practice of aerating the grain until the end of December and doing nothing thereafter bears a high risk of economic losses if grain is to be stored until later during the summer. Generally, the optimal mold management strategy depends on monitoring the biophysical conditions of the grain and the time period under consideration. If the in-bin temperature is high and less than 5% of kernels are mold damaged, then aerating when the outside temperature is at least 3oC less than the in-bin temperature and continuing to store the grain is the optimal strategy.
The founding of Arcetri Observatory in Florence
Creators: name: Bianchi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first idea of establishing a public astronomical observatory in Florence, Capital of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, dates to the mid of the 18th century. Initially, the use of a low building on a high ground was proposed, and the hill of Arcetri suggested as a proper location. At the end of the century, the Florence Observatory - or Specola - was built instead on a tower at the same level as the city's centre. As soon as astronomers started to use this observatory, they recognized all its flaws and struggled to search for a better location. Giovanni Battista Donati, director of the Specola of Florence from the eve of the Italian Unification in 1859, finally succeeded in creating a new observatory: first, he obtained funds from the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy to build an equatorial mount for the Amici 28-cm refractor, which could not be installed conveniently in the tower of the Specola; then, he went through the process of selecting a proper site, seeking funds and finally building Arcetri Observatory. Although Donati was a pioneer of spectroscopy and astrophysics, his intent was to establish a modern observatory for classical astronomy, as the Italian peninsula did not have a national observatory like those located in many foreign capitals - Florence was the capital of the Kingdom of Italy from 1865 to 1871. To promote the project, Donati made use of writings by one of the most authoritative European astronomers, Otto Wilhelm Struve. The paper describes all these steps, eventually leading to the final inauguration of the Arcetri Observatory in 1872, almost 150 years ago.
description: 29 pages, 19 figures; postprint version
Bio-fuel Chains – An Overview on the Structure and the Value Chain Organization
Creators: name: Dautzenberg, Kirsti
name: Hanf, Jon Henrich
name: Dautzenberg, Kirsti
name: Hanf, Jon Henrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness
Industrial Organization

description: Structural change in the agricultural sector as well as in the whole agricultural value chain is an ongoing dynamic process and creates a number of diverse phenomena. The EU Strategy for Biofuels (2006) and the Biomass action plan (2005) set a clear signal that the EU wishes to establish and to support the bio energy-industry. The perceivable aim of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) consists in reducing food production and in enlarging the non-food production. Another driver for the attractiveness of bio-energy and bio-fuel production is the recent development of prices of crude oil and natural gas. Furthermore bio-energy is seen as one of the key options to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and substitute fossil fuels.
Subtree prune and regraft: a reversible real tree-valued Markov process
Creators: name: Evans, Steven N.
name: Winter, Anita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60J25, 60J75 (Primary) 92B10 (Secondary)

description: We use Dirichlet form methods to construct and analyze a reversible Markov process, the stationary distribution of which is the Brownian continuum random tree. This process is inspired by the subtree prune and regraft (SPR) Markov chains that appear in phylogenetic analysis. A key technical ingredient in this work is the use of a novel Gromov--Hausdorff type distance to metrize the space whose elements are compact real trees equipped with a probability measure. Also, the investigation of the Dirichlet form hinges on a new path decomposition of the Brownian excursion.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117906000000034 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Masses for Free-Floating Planets and Dwarf Planets
Creators: name: Gould, Andrew
name: Zang, Weicheng
name: Mao, Shude
name: Dong, Subo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass and distance functions of free-floating planets (FFPs) would give major insights into the formation and evolution of planetary systems, including any systematic differences between those in the disk and bulge. We show that the only way to measure the mass and distance of individual FFPs over a broad range of distances is to observe them simultaneously from two observatories separated by $D\sim {\cal O}(0.01\,AU)$ (to measure their microlens parallax $π_{\rm E}$) and to focus on the finite-source point-lens (FSPL) events (which yield the Einstein radius $θ_{\rm E}$). By combining the existing KMTNet 3-telescope observatory with a 0.3m $4\,{\rm deg}^2$ telescope at L2, of order 130 such measurements could be made over four years, down to about $M\sim 6\,M_\oplus$ for bulge FFPs and $M\sim 0.7\,M_\oplus$ for disk FFPs. The same experiment would return masses and distances for many bound planetary systems. A more ambitious experiment, with two 0.5m satellites (one at L2 and the other nearer Earth) and similar camera layout but in the infrared, could measure masses and distances of sub-Moon mass objects, and thereby probe (and distinguish between) genuine sub-Moon FFPs and sub-Moon ``dwarf planets'' in exo-Kuiper Belts and exo-Oort Clouds.
description: RAA, in press
Strongly entangled system-reservoir dynamics with multiphoton pulses beyond the two-excitation limit: Exciting the atom-photon bound state
Creators: name: Barkemeyer, Kisa
name: Knorr, Andreas
name: Carmele, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the matrix product state framework, we study the non-Markovian feedback dynamics of a two-level system interacting with the electromagnetic field inside a semi-infinite waveguide where the excitation of an atom-photon bound state is possible. Taking the steady-state excitation of the emitter as a figure of merit, we compare the trapped excitation for an initially excited quantum emitter and an emitter prepared via quantized pulses containing up to four photons. In the latter case, we find that for large feedback delay times, multi-photon pulses can yield a significantly higher steady-state excitation than possible with an initially excited emitter since the stimulated emission process can enhance the trapping probability in comparison to the spontaneous decay of an initially excited emitter.