cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intraoperatives Monitoring von motorischen Hirnnerven bei Operationen im Boden in der Rautengrube
Creators: name: Weiner, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 617

description: Hintergrund: Operationen im Bereich des Hirnstamms haben ein hohes Risiko für postoperative neurologische Defizite. Bisherige Überwachungsverfahren (SEP, fAEP, direkte elektrische Stimulation von Nervenstrukturen) sind unzureichend. Der Einsatz des kontinuierlichen EMG-Monitoring für die intraoperative Überwachung motorischer Hirnnerven wurde untersucht. Methode: Mit einem PC basiertem EMG-Monitoringsystem wurden in 118 Fällen die motorischen Hirnnervenfunktionen während der Operation überwacht. Postoperativ wurden die erhobenen Daten ausgewertet und mit dem neurologischen Befund verglichen. Ergebnisse: Es konnten in allen Phasen der Operation EMG-Muster (Spike, Burst, B- und CTrain) klassifiziert werden, gehäuft während der Tumorresektion. Eine Korrelation zwischen dem intraoperativen EMG-Aktivitäten und dem postoperativen neurologischen Defizit konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden. Fazit: Der Einsatz des EMG zur Überwachung von motorischen Hirnnervenfunktionen kann dem Operateur als Unterstützung dienen, aber intraoperativ keine Vorhersage über die postoperativer Hirnnervenfunktion treffen.
Self-exciting point process modeling of conversation event sequences
Creators: name: Masuda, Naoki
name: Takaguchi, Taro
name: Sato, Nobuo
name: Yano, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-exciting processes of Hawkes type have been used to model various phenomena including earthquakes, neural activities, and views of online videos. Studies of temporal networks have revealed that sequences of social interevent times for individuals are highly bursty. We examine some basic properties of event sequences generated by the Hawkes self-exciting process to show that it generates bursty interevent times for a wide parameter range. Then, we fit the model to the data of conversation sequences recorded in company offices in Japan. In this way, we can estimate relative magnitudes of the self excitement, its temporal decay, and the base event rate independent of the self excitation. These variables highly depend on individuals. We also point out that the Hawkes model has an important limitation that the correlation in the interevent times and the burstiness cannot be independently modulated.
description: 8 figures
The program and results of fractal p calculation for the community samples in Brown University's foraminiferal database
Creators: name: Gao, Junfeng
name: Su, Qiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60202 Community Ecology (excl. Invasive Species Ecology)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The files include the calculation program and the calculation results of 《The entropy hypothesis: a new interpretation of latitudinal diversity gradient》
Code1: Calculate the fractal p for the community samples in Brown University's foraminiferal database, and establish empirical temperature - fractal p relationships (the mean fractal p and T in 5° × 5° grids)
Code2: Establish the latitude pattern of fractal pCode3: Establish the relationships between temperature and species diversity using the representative metrics of diversity (Species Richness (S), Shannon - Weaver index (H'), Simpson’s index (D), Fisher’s α (α))Table 1: Mean fractal p and SST in 5°×5° grids.Table 2: Fractal p and the goodness of fit (R2) for original samples (BFD)Table 3: The percentage distribution of the goodness of fit (R2) for Fractal model
Multimessenger astronomy with gravitational waves and high-energy neutrinos
Creators: name: Ando, S.
name: Baret, B.
name: Bouhou, B.
name: Chassande-Mottin, E.
name: Kouchner, A.
name: Moscoso, L.
name: Van Elewyck, V.
name: Bartos, I.
name: Márka, S.
name: Márka, Z.
name: Corsi, A.
name: Di Palma, I.
name: Papa, M. A.
name: Dietz, A.
name: Donzaud, C.
name: Eichler, D.
name: Finley, C.
name: Guetta, D.
name: Halzen, F.
name: Jones, G.
name: Sutton, P. J.
name: Kandhasamy, S.
name: Mandic, V.
name: Thrane, E.
name: Kotake, K.
name: Piran, T.
name: Pradier, T.
name: Romero, G. E.
name: Waxman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many of the astrophysical sources and violent phenomena observed in our Universe are potential emitters of gravitational waves (GW) and high-energy neutrinos (HEN). Both GWs and HENs may escape very dense media and travel unaffected over cosmological distances, carrying information from the innermost regions of the astrophysical engines. Such messengers could also reveal new, hidden sources that have not been observed by conventional photon-based astronomy. Coincident observation of GWs and HENs may thus play a critical role in multimessenger astronomy. This is particularly true at the present time owing to the advent of a new generation of dedicated detectors: IceCube, ANTARES, VIRGO and LIGO. Given the complexity of the instruments, a successful joint analysis of this data set will be possible only if the expertise and knowledge of the data is shared between the two communities. This review aims at providing an overview of both theoretical and experimental state-of-the-art and perspectives for such a GW+HEN multimessenger astronomy.
description: Revised version, to appear in Reviews of Modern Physics (Colloquium Series). Section II on Potential GW+HEN emitters thoroughly updated. Section IV expanded with recent experimental results from joint GW+HEN searches with ANTARES, IceCube, LIGO and VIRGO, and with an extended discussion of the reach and implications of future searches
The Traveling Salesman Problem: Low-Dimensionality Implies a Polynomial Time Approximation Scheme
Creators: name: Bartal, Yair
name: Gottlieb, Lee-Ad
name: Krauthgamer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is among the most famous NP-hard optimization problems. We design for this problem a randomized polynomial-time algorithm that computes a (1+eps)-approximation to the optimal tour, for any fixed eps>0, in TSP instances that form an arbitrary metric space with bounded intrinsic dimension. The celebrated results of Arora (A-98) and Mitchell (M-99) prove that the above result holds in the special case of TSP in a fixed-dimensional Euclidean space. Thus, our algorithm demonstrates that the algorithmic tractability of metric TSP depends on the dimensionality of the space and not on its specific geometry. This result resolves a problem that has been open since the quasi-polynomial time algorithm of Talwar (T-04).
QCD ghost f(T)-gravity model
Creators: name: Karami, K.
name: Abdolmaleki, A.
name: Asadzadeh, S.
name: Safari, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of modified teleparallel gravity, we reconstruct a f(T) model corresponding to the QCD ghost dark energy scenario. For a spatially flat FRW universe containing only the pressureless matter, we obtain the time evolution of the torsion scalar T (or the Hubble parameter). Then, we calculate the effective torsion equation of state parameter of the QCD ghost f(T)-gravity model as well as the deceleration parameter of the universe. Furthermore, we fit the model parameters by using the latest observational data including SNeIa, CMB and BAO data. We also check the viability of our model using a cosmographic analysis approach. Moreover, we investigate the validity of the generalized second law (GSL) of gravitational thermodynamics for our model. Finally, we point out the growth rate of matter density perturbation. We conclude that in QCD ghost f(T)-gravity model, the universe begins a matter dominated phase and approaches a de Sitter regime at late times, as expected. Also this model is consistent with current data, passes the cosmographic test, satisfies the GSL and fits the data of the growth factor well as the LCDM model.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1111.7269
Hochschild homology of affine Hecke algebras
Creators: name: Solleveld, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C08, 18H15

description: Let H = H (R,q) be an affine Hecke algebra with complex, possibly unequal parameters q, which are not roots of unity. We compute the Hochschild and the cyclic homology of H. It turns out that these are independent of q and that they admit an easy description in terms of the extended quotient of a torus by a Weyl group, both of which are canonically associated to the root datum R. For q positive we also prove that the representations of the family of algebras H (R,q^ε) come in families which depend analytically on the complex number ε. Analogous results are obtained for graded Hecke algebras and for Schwartz completions of affine Hecke algebras. Correction: in 2021 some problems with the construction of families of representations surfaced. These are discussed in additional comments in Section 2.
description: 39 pages
Eine objektive und subjektive Beurteilung der Retentionskräfte verschiedener Verbindungselemente an herausnehmbaren Teilprothesen
Creators: name: Schalk, Serpil
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 617

description: Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Ermittlung der Retentionskräfte verschiedener Verbindungselemente, welche von den Patienten für einen zufriedenstellenden Halt akzeptiert werden. Desweiteren sollte ermittelt werden, welche prothesenspezifischen Merkmale einen Einfluss auf die objektiv und subjektiv bewertete Haltekraft haben. Für die Erfassung der Retentionskräfte der Verbindungselemente an inkorporierten Prothesen kam ein Federkraftmessgerät zur Anwendung. Die Beurteilung des Prothesenhalts durch den Patienten wurde anhand eines eigens konzipierten Fragebogens, bestehend aus 8 Fragen, erfasst. Von 107 Patienten konnten 119 Teilprothesen mit insgesamt 295 Verbindungselementen für die Studie herangezogen werden. Es handelte sich um 53 doppelkronenverankerte, 43 gussklammerverankerte und 23 mit gebogenen Klammern verankerte Prothesen. Die ermittelten Retentionswerte an den verschiedenen Verbindungselementen lagen in einem Bereich von 0-20 N. 81 % der Werte lagen unter 5 N und die Hälfte unter 1,5 N. Die hohe Zufriedenheitsrate von 94,1 % zeigte, dass die Akzeptanz des Patienten für die unterschiedlichen Retentionswerte sehr hoch war. Es zeigte sich deutlich, dass niedrige Retentionswerte eher beklagt wurden als zu hohe, wobei mit Prothesen, die eine Retentionskraft über 9,7 N aufwiesen, 12 Patienten beim Herausnehmen Schwierigkeiten hatten. Während Gussklammern und Doppelkronen annähernd gleich hohe Retentionswerte aufwiesen, hatten gebogene Klammern eine durchschnittliche Retentionskraft von nur ca. der Hälfte. Es konnte anhand der gewonnenen Ergebnisse für eine neue Prothese eine optimale Gesamtretentionskraft von maximal 9 N empfohlen werden.
The drag-adjoint field of a circular cylinder wake at Reynolds numbers 20, 100 and 500
Creators: name: Wang, Qiqi
name: Gao, Junhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper analyzes the adjoint solution of the Navier-Stokes equation. We focus on flow across a circular cylinder at three Reynolds numbers, Re_D=20, 100 and 500. The quantity of interest in the adjoint formulation is the drag on the cylinder. We use classical fluid mechanics approaches to analyze the adjoint solution, which is a vector field similar to a flow field. Production and dissipation of kinetic energy of the adjoint field is discussed. We also derive the evolution of circulation of the adjoint field along a closed material contour. These analytical results are used to explain three numerical solutions of the adjoint equations presented in this paper. The adjoint solution at Re_D=20, a viscous steady state flow, exhibits a downstream suction and an upstream jet, opposite of the expected behavior of a flow field. The adjoint solution at Re_D=100, a periodic 2D unsteady flow, exhibits periodic, bean shaped circulation in the near wake region. The adjoint solution at Re_D=500, a turbulent 3D unsteady flow, has complex dynamics created by the shear layer in the near wake. The magnitude of the adjoint solution increases exponentially at the rate of the first Lyapunov exponent. These numerical results correlate well with the theoretical analysis presented in this paper.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
On the X-rank with respect to linear projections of projective varieties
Creators: name: Ballico, Edoardo
name: Bernardi, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: MAT/03 Geometria

description: In this paper we improve the known bound for the $X$-rank $R_{X}(P)$ of an element  $P\in {\mathbb{P}}^N$ in the case in which $X\subset {\mathbb P}^n$ is a projective variety obtained as a linear projection from a general $v$-dimensional subspace $V\subset {\mathbb P}^{n+v}$. Then, if $X\subset {\mathbb P}^n$ is a curve obtained from a projection of a rational normal curve $C\subset {\mathbb P}^{n+1}$ from a point  $O\subset {\mathbb P}^{n+1}$,  we are able to describe the precise value of the $X$-rank for those points $P\in {\mathbb P}^n$ such that $R_{X}(P)\leq R_{C}(O)-1$ and to improve the general result. Moreover we give a stratification, via the $X$-rank, of the osculating spaces to projective cuspidal projective curves $X$. Finally we give a description and a new bound of the $X$-rank of subspaces both in the general case and with respect to integral non-degenerate projective curves.
Vergleich der Mikrohaftkraft von fünf Dentinhaftvermittlern in Kombination mit fließfähigen Komposits - eine in vitro Untersuchung
Creators: name: Makowski, Marcus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 617

description: Das Ziel dieser in vitro Untersuchung war, die Haftfestigkeit von fünf Dentinhaftvermittlern in Kombination mit und ohne Flow Komposit mit dem Mikrohaftkraft Test zu bestimmen. In 30 kariesfreien, menschlichen Weisheitszähnen wurden standardisierte mod Kavitäten präpariert und diese mit der horizontalen Schichttechnik gefüllt. Aus den fünf Dentinhaftvermittlern AdheSE®, ExciTE®, Clearfil®SE Bond, Syntac® und Xeno®III und den beiden gewählten Füllungskombinationen ergaben sich 10 Versuchsgruppen mit 600 Einzelproben. Alle untersuchten Haftvermittler wiesen akzeptable Haftwerte unabhängig von ihrer verwendeten Materialkombination auf. Der höchste gemessene Mittelwert lag bei ExciTE® mit Tetric®ceram (28,40 MPa) und der niedrigste bei AdheSE® mit Tetric®ceram (20,85 MPa). Die kombinierte Verarbeitung mit Flow Komposit führte nur bei Xeno®III zu einer signifikanten Erhöhung und nur bei ExciTE® zu einer signifikanten Erniedrigung der Haftwerte. Somit kam es bei Verwendung von Flow Komposit in Abhängigkeit vom jeweiligen Dentinadhäsiv nicht generell zu einer Erhöhung der Haftwerte.
Qualitative Beurteilung verschiedener kieferorthopädischer Band-Attachement-Verbindungen
Creators: name: Konopik, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 617

description: Kieferorthopädische Bänder finden seit ca. 100 Jahren Anwendung in der kiefrorthopädischen Therapie. Bänder in Verbindung mit Attachments werden heutzutage für verschiedene extra- und intraorale kieferorthpädische Apperaturen verwendet, wobei sie immer mehr durch adhäsiv verklebte Brackets aus der kieferorthopädischen Therapie verdrängt werden. Die Qualität der, von der Industrie produzierten Bänder und Attatchments, wird in dieser Arbeit untersucht. Des weiteren wird die Verbindung zwischen Bändern und deren Attachments heutzutage durch die Industrie über eine Widerstandpunktschweißung gewährleistet. Dieser bewährten industriellen Fügemethode wird der Verbindung der Werkstücke mittels individueller Laserschweißung gegenübergestellt. Der interindustrielle Vergleich gelang durch die qualitative Beurteilung der Durchmesser der Headgear- bzw. Bukkalröhrchen, der Lokalisation der Attachments auf dem kieferorthopädischen Band und der nötigen Abrisskraft um die industrielle Punktschweißung zu zerstören. Als Einflussfaktoren auf die Widerstandpunkt- und Laserschweißung wurden die Schweißpunktgröße, die Schweißpunktanzahl und die Spaltgröße zwischen Band und Attachment untersucht. Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchung waren, dass zwischen industriellen Herstellern signifikante qualitative Unterschiede bestehen, Schweißpunktanzahl und Spaltgröße sich auf die Qualität der Schweißnaht auswirken und das die individuelle Laserschweißung der industriellen Widerstandpunktschweißung überlegen sein kann.
High Distance Bridge Surfaces
Creators: name: Blair, Ryan
name: Tomova, Maggy
name: Yoshizawa, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M50

description: Given integers b, c, g, and n, we construct a manifold M containing a c-component link L so that there is a bridge surface Sigma for (M,L) of genus g that intersects L in 2b points and has distance at least n. More generally, given two possibly disconnected surfaces S and S', each with some even number (possibly zero) of marked points, and integers b, c, g, and n, we construct a compact, orientable manifold M with boundary S \cup S' such that M contains a c-component tangle T with a bridge surface Sigma of genus g that separates the boundary of M into S and S', |T \cap Sigma|=2b and T intersects S and S' exactly in their marked points, and Sigma has distance at least n.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures; v2 clarifying revisions made based on referee's comments
Beurteilung des Hydratationszustandes an Dialysepatienten durch Mikrowellenanregung und Thermographie
Creators: name: Stadler, Martin Andreas
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 617.46
subject: 612

description: Hintergrund: In der klinischen Medizin ist die Einschätzung des Hydratationszustandes von Patienten von großer Bedeutung. Es ist jedoch von Interesse, auch das im Gewebe gespeicherte Wasser zu erfassen oder Flüssigkeitsverschiebungen zwischen den Kompartimenten des menschlichen Körpers zu registrieren. Ziel: Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es zu überprüfen, ob es mittels Mikrowellenanregung und anschließender Thermographie der angeregten Körperareale möglich ist, Unterschiede im Wassergehalt menschlichen Gewebes erfassen zu können. Material und Methoden: In Modellexperimenten wurde die Erwärmbarkeit unterschiedlich konzentrierter HES-Lösungen verglichen. Ziel war die Optimierung der Untersuchungsparameter Strahlungsleistung und Anregungsdauer. Anschließend wurden zwei verschiedene Kollektive von Dialysepatienten vor und nach dialysebedingtem Flüssigkeitsverlust untersucht. Ergebnisse: Mit zunehmender Konzentrierung der Stärkelösung sinkt die Erwärmbarkeit ab. Durch Auflage einer dünnen Kunststofffolie beobachtet man einen Isolierungseffekt. Für das erste Kollektiv aus 7 Patienten eines Dialysezentrums (Zentrum 1) resultierte bei einer Strahlungsleistung von 25 W und einer Anregungsdauer von 1,5 min keine signifikante Veränderung. Beim zweiten Patientenkollektiv (Zentrum 2) zeigte sich an 10 Dialysepatienten bei einer Strahlungsleistung von 15 W und einer Anregungsdauer von 25 und 35 sec eine signifikant reduzierte Erwärmbarkeit angeregter Körperregionen nach dialysebedingtem Flüssigkeitsverlust. Schlußfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse der 2. Messreihe (Zentrum 2) lassen sich so interpretieren, dass nach Flüssigkeitsentzug das Gewebevolumen im Anregungsbereich weniger Wasser enthält und somit einen geringeren Temperatursprung durch die Mikrowelleneinwirkung erfährt. Die vorgestellte Technik ist für den Bereich der Dialysetherapie und der Intensivmedizin potentiell von großem Interesse, da man Effekte von Medikamenten und apparativer Ultrafiltration zeitnah am Patienten nachweisen könnte.
One-Dimensional Optical Wave Turbulence: Experiment and Theory
Creators: name: Laurie, Jason
name: Bortolozzo, Umberto
name: Nazarenko, Sergey
name: Residori, Stefania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a review of the latest developments in 1D OWT. Based on an original experimental setup that allows for the implementation of 1D OWT, we are able to show that an inverse cascade occurs through the spontaneous evolution of the nonlinear field up to the point when modulational instability leads to soliton formation. After solitons are formed, further interaction of the solitons among themselves and with incoherent waves leads to a final condensate state dominated by a single strong soliton. Motivated by the observations, we develop a theoretical description, showing that the inverse cascade develops through six-wave interaction, and that this is the basic mechanism of nonlinear wave coupling for 1D OWT. We describe theory, numerics and experimental observations while trying to incorporate all the different aspects into a consistent context.
description: 88 pages, submitted to Physics Reports
Patent Commercialization Strategy and IPO Underpricing: Evidence from the US Semiconductor Industry
Creators: name: Morricone, S
name: Munari, F
name: Oriani, R
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2010
Subjects: SECS-P/08 Economia e gestione delle imprese

description: R&D and innovation are critical factors to succeed. Nevertheless, they generate information asymmetries between corporate insiders and external investors. Within the context of an IPO, information asymmetries increase the risk of underpricing. In this paper, we claim that the patent commercialization strategy of the firm going public affects information asymmetries and IPO underpricing. In particular, underpricing will be higher when a firm’s patent commercialization strategy is more based on licenses. A firm’s stock of patent attenuates this effect. Our results on a sample of 130 IPOs in the US semiconductor industry confirm these predictions.
Die Reaktionen der Ärzteschaft auf die Professionalisierungsbestrebungen der Zahnärzte - eine Analyse der Beiträge in der Deutschen Medizinischen Wochenschrift und in der Münchener Medizinischen Wochenschrift 1880 - 1920
Creators: name: Hanke-Damianov, Susanne Christina
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 617.6
subject: 610

description: Die akademische Zahnheilkunde ist eine noch relativ junge Disziplin, die sich erst in der zweiten Hälfte des 19. Jahrhunderts zu einem eigenständigen wissenschaft-lichen Fach ent-wickelte. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt dar, wie dieser Prozess der Akademisierung und Professionalisierung der Zahnheilkunde von den zu dieser Zeit bereits eta-blier-ten Humanmedizinern wahrgenommen wur-de. Zu diesem Zweck wurden die Jahr-gänge 1880-1920 zweier medizinischer Fachzeitschriften, der Deutschen Medi-zinischen Wochenschrift und der Münch-ener Medizinischen Wochenschrift, in Hinblick auf Themen, welche die Zahn-heil-kunde und ihre wissenschaftliche und standespolitische Entwicklung betreffen, untersucht und ausgewertet.
Degree-degree correlations in random graphs with heavy-tailed degrees
Creators: name: Litvak, Nelly
name: van der Hofstad, Remco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Mixing patterns in large self-organizing networks, such as the Internet, the World Wide Web, social and biological networks are often characterized by degree-degree {dependencies} between neighbouring nodes. One of the problems with the commonly used Pearson's correlation coefficient (termed as the assortativity coefficient) is that {in disassortative networks its magnitude decreases} with the network size. This makes it impossible to compare mixing patterns, for example, in two web crawls of different size. We start with a simple model of two heavy-tailed highly correlated random variable $X$ and $Y$, and show that the sample correlation coefficient converges in distribution either to a proper random variable on $[-1,1]$, or to zero, and if $X,Y\ge 0$ then the limit is non-negative. We next show that it is non-negative in the large graph limit when the degree distribution has an infinite third moment. We consider the alternative degree-degree dependency measure, based on the Spearman's rho, and prove that it converges to an appropriate limit under very general conditions. We verify that these conditions hold in common network models, such as configuration model and Preferential Attachment model. We conclude that rank correlations provide a suitable and informative method for uncovering network mixing patterns.
Spinor-Unit Field Representation of Electromagnetism Applied to a Model Inflationary Cosmology
Creators: name: Nash, Patrick L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new spinor-unit field representation of the electromagnetism \cite{Nash2010} (with quark and lepton sources) is integrated via minimal coupling with standard Einstein gravitation, to formulate a Lagrangian model of the very early universe. The solution of the coupled Euler-Lagrange field equations yields a scale factor $a(t)$ (comoving coordinates) that initially exponentially increases $N$ e-folds from $a(0) \approx 0$ to $a_{1} = a(0) {e}^{N} $ ($N$ = 60 is illustrated), then exponentially decreases, then exponentially increases to $a_{1}$, and so on almost periodically. (Oscillatory cosmological models are not knew, and have been derived from string theory and loop quantum gravity.) It is not known if the scale factor escapes this periodic trap. This model is noteworthy in several respects: $\{1\}$ All fundamental fields other than gravity are realized by spinor fields. $\{2\}$ A plausible connection between the \emph{unit} field $\mathbf{u}$ and the generalization of the photon wave function with a form of Dark Energy is described, and a simple natural scenario is outlined that allocates a fraction of the total energy of the Universe to this form of Dark Energy. $\{3\}$ A solution of an analog of the pure Einstein-Maxwell equations is found. This approach is in contrast with the method followed to obtain a solution of the well known Friedmann model of a radiation-dominated universe.
description: replaced by "Possible consistent extra time dimensions in the early universe," http://arxiv.org/abs/1310.0697
Developmental growth patterns of Canadian children and the effect of the neighbourhood environment on growth
Creators: name: Tu, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Background: Efforts are needed to identify individuals at risk of becoming obese to facilitate the development and implementation of targeted prevention strategies. The objective of this dissertation was to identify the developmental trajectories of body mass index (BMI) among children as they age into adulthood and examine how the neighbourhood environment influences childhood obesity rates and BMI development. Methods: Data from Canada’s National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth was used for this dissertation. Group based trajectory modeling was used to examine eight waves (14 years) of data to identify distinct trajectories of BMI. Neighbourhood types were defined by grouping neighbourhoods with similar attributes using latent class analysis. A mediation analysis was then conducted to assess the mediating role of physical activity and sedentary behaviour on the cross-sectional relationship between neighbourhood type and obesity. The relationship between neighbourhood type and obesity was examined longitudinally using both variable- and person-centred approaches. Results: This study identified four distinct BMI trajectories among children: low, decreasing, medium, and high. Born large for gestational age, living in a rural area, and maternal smoking were associated with the high trajectory. Children were found to live within one of five neighbourhood types. Compared with children living in an affluent urban type neighbourhood, higher rates of obesity were observed in the remaining four neighbourhood types. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were found to partially mediate the relationship between neighbourhood type and obesity; however, not among children living in predominantly rural neighbourhoods. Children living in predominantly rural neighbourhoods were found to have a significantly higher BMI trajectory and were more likely to be on a BMI trajectory leading to obesity by adulthood. Conclusions: This dissertation identified children at risk of becoming obese by adulthood and neighbourhood types that are most conducive of children developing obesity. The results suggest that prevention efforts should be targeted to children living in rural areas and that these efforts should differ from those applied in urban settings. Physical activity explains a small proportion of obesity risk suggesting that other factors (e.g., diet) may play an important role in obesity risk associated with neighbourhood factors.
Computational statistics using the Bayesian Inference Engine
Creators: name: Weinberg, Martin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces the Bayesian Inference Engine (BIE), a general parallel, optimised software package for parameter inference and model selection. This package is motivated by the analysis needs of modern astronomical surveys and the need to organise and reuse expensive derived data. The BIE is the first platform for computational statistics designed explicitly to enable Bayesian update and model comparison for astronomical problems. Bayesian update is based on the representation of high-dimensional posterior distributions using metric-ball-tree based kernel density estimation. Among its algorithmic offerings, the BIE emphasises hybrid tempered MCMC schemes that robustly sample multimodal posterior distributions in high-dimensional parameter spaces. Moreover, the BIE is implements a full persistence or serialisation system that stores the full byte-level image of the running inference and previously characterised posterior distributions for later use. Two new algorithms to compute the marginal likelihood from the posterior distribution, developed for and implemented in the BIE, enable model comparison for complex models and data sets. Finally, the BIE was designed to be a collaborative platform for applying Bayesian methodology to astronomy. It includes an extensible object-oriented and easily extended framework that implements every aspect of the Bayesian inference. By providing a variety of statistical algorithms for all phases of the inference problem, a scientist may explore a variety of approaches with a single model and data implementation. Additional technical details and download details are available from http://www.astro.umass.edu/bie. The BIE is distributed under the GNU GPL.
description: Resubmitted version. Additional technical details and download details are available from http://www.astro.umass.edu/bie. The BIE is distributed under the GNU GPL
Maßgeschneiderte Lichtstreuung durch nahezu-hyperuniforme Unordnung
Creators: name: Piechulla, Peter Michael
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Neben periodischen Strukturen wird seit kurzem auch Unordnung für den Einsatz in zukunftsweisenden photonischen Materialien untersucht. Insbesondere die neuartige Klasse der hyperuniform-ungeordneten Materialien zeichnet durch sich einzigartige Eigenschaften des Lichttransports und der Lichtstreuung aus. Allerdings ist die Herstellung solcher Materialien, etwa durch Elektronenstrahllithographie, sehr aufwendig. Im Gegensatz dazu wird in dieser Arbeit ein leicht skalierbares Lithographieverfahren auf Basis kolloidaler Polymerpartikel gezeigt. Die gewonnen zweidimensionalen, nahezu-hyperuniformen Strukturen werden hinsichtlich Lichtstreuung im sichtbaren und Nahinfrarotbereich experimentell untersucht. Durch eigens entwickelte reaktive Ionenätzverfahren lassen sich die Strukturen zudem in hochbrechendes Titanoxid übertragen, wodurch optische (Mie-) Resonanzen auftreten. Die praktische Nutzbarkeit der Strukturen und Herstellungsverfahren wird in optoelektronischen Bauteilen demonstriert.
description: The introduction of disorder has recently led to a whole new class of photonic materials. In particular, the hyperuniform-disordered materials are connected to unique transport and scattering properties. However, fabrication of such materials, e.g. by means of electron lithography, is often costly and limited in scale. In this work, in contrast, a simple and scalable fabrication scheme for nearly-hyperuniform two-dimensional structures based on colloidal polymer particles is presented. The resulting structures are thoroughly investigated with respect to light scattering in the visible and near-infrared wavelength range. Furthermore, a newly developed reactive ion etching scheme allows transfer to high refractive index titania, which further improves the scattering properties and enables optical Mie resonances. Real-world applicability of the structures and corresponding fabrication processes is demonstrated in optoelectronic devices.
A Meta-Analytic answer to an old dilemma: Do M&AS create value? Evidence from European Banks
Creators: name: Angeli, Federica
name: Bolognesei, Enrica
name: Toschi, Laura
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: ING-IND/35 Ingegneria economico-gestionale
SECS-P/08 Economia e gestione delle imprese
SECS-P/09 Finanza aziendale

description: This paper aims at shedding further light on the controversial impact of M&As on the value creation perceived by investors, as the short-term market performance of the firms involved. 17 event studies are examined by following a meta-analytical procedure. The unit of analysis is originally assumed as the event window within each study, yielding a total sample of 191 observations and 17,007 deals. Separate analyses are run for bidders, targets and combined entities. Our findings highlight the insensitiveness of bidders to M&As’ announcement, in line with existing theory. Interestingly, the choice of the benchmark in the market model, the geographical scope and the event window position prove to be significant moderators: Italian M&As are less profitable than European ones, and pre-announcement rumours significantly alter the overall performance.
Optimal delineation of agricultural parcels from satellite imagery using the multiresolution segmentation algorithm
Creators: name: Tetteh, Gideon Okpoti
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 550

description: Die Entwicklung und Bewertung politischer Maßnahmen, die auf die Anwendung nachhaltiger landwirtschaftlicher Praktiken abzielen, erfordert ein landwirtschaftliches Überwachungssystem. Die Grundvoraussetzung für ein solches System sind räumliche Informationen über landwirtschaftliche Parzellen. Die Segmentierung von Satellitenbildern ist ein kosteneffizientes Mittel zur Gewinnung solcher Informationen. In dieser Dissertation wurde die Bayessche Optimierung mit dem Algorithmus der Multiresolution Segmentation (MRS) kombiniert, um automatisch landwirtschaftliche Parzellen aus Sentinel-1- und Sentinel-2-Bildern in Niedersachsen, Deutschland zu extrahieren. Die extrahierten Parzellen wurden verwendet, um inkonsistente Geometrien zu identifizieren, die von Landwirten im Rahmen der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP) eingereicht wurden. Die Parzellen wurden auch zur Erstellung einer objektbasierten Ackerkulturkarte für Niedersachsen verwendet.
description: Creating and evaluating policies targeted at ensuring the use of sustainable agricultural practices requires an agricultural monitoring system. The basic requirement of such a system is spatial information about agricultural parcels. Segmentation of satellite images is a cost-effective means of obtaining such information. In this dissertation, Bayesian optimization was combined with the Multiresolution Segmentation (MRS) algorithm to automatically extract agricultural parcels from Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 images in Lower Saxony, Germany. The extracted parcels were used to identify inconsistent geometries submitted by farmers within the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) framework. The parcels were also used to create an object-based crop type map for Lower Saxony.
A modified N=2 extended supersymmetry
Creators: name: Djeghloul, Nazim
name: Tahiri, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modification of the usual extended N = 2 supersymmetry algebra implementing the two dimensional permutation group is performed. It is shown that one can found a multiplet that forms an off-shell realization of this alternative extension of standard supersymmetry.
An integration of the resource based view and the real options Theory for Investiments in Outside Opportunities
Creators: name: Kulatilaka, Nalin
name: Toschi, Laura
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: SECS-P/08 Economia e gestione delle imprese
ING-IND/35 Ingegneria economico-gestionale
SECS-P/09 Finanza aziendale

description: There is a growing trend by established firms to use a multitude of External Corporate Venturing (ECV) mechanisms to acquire external innovations. In this paper, we develop a framework within which firms choose ECV mechanisms that are best aligned with characteristics of the external opportunity and the firm’s internal capabilities. Our approach integrates the Resource-based View of the firm with Real Options theory and draws on insights derived from interviews with managers.
Role of YB-1 and NF-κB in TNFR signaling pathways : deciding cell survival or death
Creators: name: Shah, Aneri
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Zellbiologie
subject: 571.6

description: Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) belongs to the family of cold shock proteins that are characterized by an evolutionary and structurally conserved cold shock domain. The cold shock domain binds both RNA and single stranded DNA, therefore YB-1 has pleiotropic functions in cell proliferation, differentiation, stress response, DNA repair, and inflammation. Cell undergo stress in many ways, e.g., radiation, interferon release in response to viral infection, and lipopolysaccharide produced by bacteria. Binding of these factors to their receptors induces kinase activation, which phosphorylate YB-1. The same pathways also activate nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), a well-known transcription factor, which regulates genes involved in immune responses, cell proliferation, and inflammation or apoptosis. Life or death decisions within cells are critical for development as well as in the defence against infectious diseases and cancer formation. Apoptosis has long been considered the only form of programmed cell death occurring during development and disease progression. Now, in addition to apoptosis, necroptosis (a programmed form of necrosis) can also be initiated by activation of death receptors. Survival, apoptosis, and necroptosis are all triggered by the same cell surface receptors e.g., tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1). Our novel findings showed a prominent role of YB-1 in the TNF-induced activation and nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. We are the first to show that depleting YB-1 tips the balance from survival to enhanced apoptosis in TNFR1 signaling pathway.
Assessing the impact of Public Venture Capital Programmes in the United Kingdom: do regional characteristics matter?
Creators: name: Munari, Federico
name: Toschi, Laura
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: SECS-P/08 Economia e gestione delle imprese
ING-IND/35 Ingegneria economico-gestionale
SECS-P/09 Finanza aziendale

description: Over the last two decades, many governments around the world have implemented programmes to mobilize venture capital (VC) in support of new and innovative firms. In this paper, we analyze whether and how the impact of publicly-supported VC funds varies between high-tech and low-tech regions, when compared to private VC funds. Our analyses on a sample of 898 VC-backed companies in the United Kingdom in the period 1998-2007 show for public VC funds: (a) a greater propensity to invest in early-stage and technology-based sectors, which is especially pronounced in low-tech regions; (b) a greater propensity toward staging and a greater ability to attract partners in syndication, especially in high-tech regions; (c) lower exit rates of investee companies, in terms of IPO/acquisition, as compared to private VC funds. Overall, our findings confirm that regional characteristics do matter if we want to more rigorously assess the effectiveness of public VC programmes.
A stakeholder-based modeling approach for assessing the impact of land-use scenarios on ecosystem services in northern Ghana, West Africa
Creators: name: Koo, HongMi
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 550

description: In Westafrika wird eine regional angemessene landwirtschaftliche Landentwicklungsplanung immer wichtiger, um der steigenden Nachfrage nach Landnutzungsprodukten und der zunehmenden Klimavariabilität gerecht zu werden. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, eine integrative Bewertung von Ökosystemleistungen (ES) vorzuschlagen, um die Auswirkungen von Landnutzungsszenarien zu analysieren und zukünftige Empfehlungen in einem lokalen Kontext anhand einer Fallstudie in zwei Bezirken im Norden Ghanas zu ermitteln. Durch die Kombination einer partizipatorischen Methode und einer räumlichen Landnutzungsmodellierung wurden in dieser Studie lokal relevante ES und Indikatoren, die Auswirkungen zukünftiger Landnutzungsszenarien auf die ES-Bereitstellung, die als Kompromisse und Synergien dargestellt werden, sowie zukünftige Empfehlungen für eine effektive ES-Bereitstellung mit hoher Machbarkeit für jeden Distrikt identifiziert. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie geben einen Einblick, wie ein lokal zugeschnittener entscheidungsunterstützender Rahmen für die künftige Landnutzungsplanung aus transdisziplinärer Perspektive gestaltet werden kann.
description: In West Africa, regionally adapted agricultural land-use planning is increasingly important to cope with growing demand for land-use products and intensifying climate variability. This study aims to propose an integrative ecosystem services (ES) assessment for an analysis of the impact of land-use scenarios and identification of future recommendations in a local context, through a case study of two districts in northern Ghana. Through combining a participatory method and spatial land-use modeling, this study identified locally relevant ES and indicators, the impacts of future land-use scenarios on ES provision presented as trade-offs and synergies, and future recommendations for effective ES provision with high feasibility for each district. The findings give an insight into how to design a locally tailored decision-supporting framework for future land-use planning from a transdisciplinary perspective.
The diameter of weighted random graphs
Creators: name: Amini, Hamed
name: Lelarge, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the impact of random exponential edge weights on the distances in a random graph and, in particular, on its diameter. Our main result consists of a precise asymptotic expression for the maximal weight of the shortest weight paths between all vertices (the weighted diameter) of sparse random graphs, when the edge weights are i.i.d. exponential random variables.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AAP1034 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Drought in Piemonte (NOAA-STAR data)
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Vegetation Health Indices
Drought
NOAA-STAR
Climate change
Forest fires
Wildfires
Piemonte
Torino

description: Here we show and discuss data from NOAA STAR, the Center for Satellite Applications and Research of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, USA, about the drought in Piemonte, Italy. Data are evidencing that year 2017 was characterized by prolonged drought and that it was similar to years 2003 and 2006.
On globally generated vector bundles on projective spaces II
Creators: name: Sierra, José Carlos
name: Ugaglia, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Extending a previous result of the authors, we classify globally generated vector bundles on projective spaces with first Chern class equal to three.
description: To appear in J. Pure Appl. Algebra