cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
One Person, One Model--Learning Compound Router for Sequential Recommendation
Creators: name: Liu, Zhiding
name: Cheng, Mingyue
name: Li, Zhi
name: Liu, Qi
name: Chen, Enhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has brought significant breakthroughs in sequential recommendation (SR) for capturing dynamic user interests. A series of recent research revealed that models with more parameters usually achieve optimal performance for SR tasks, inevitably resulting in great challenges for deploying them in real systems. Following the simple assumption that light networks might already suffice for certain users, in this work, we propose CANet, a conceptually simple yet very scalable framework for assigning adaptive network architecture in an input-dependent manner to reduce unnecessary computation. The core idea of CANet is to route the input user behaviors with a light-weighted router module. Specifically, we first construct the routing space with various submodels parameterized in terms of multiple model dimensions such as the number of layers, hidden size and embedding size. To avoid extra storage overhead of the routing space, we employ a weight-slicing schema to maintain all the submodels in exactly one network. Furthermore, we leverage several solutions to solve the discrete optimization issues caused by the router module. Thanks to them, CANet could adaptively adjust its network architecture for each input in an end-to-end manner, in which the user preference can be effectively captured. To evaluate our work, we conduct extensive experiments on benchmark datasets. Experimental results show that CANet reduces computation by 55 ~ 65% while preserving the accuracy of the original model. Our codes are available at https://github.com/icantnamemyself/CANet.
description: Accepted by ICDM'22 as a long paper
Supplementary material of "Scaling the phase- planes of social dilemma strengths shows game-class changes in the five rules governing the evolution of cooperation".
Creators: name: Hiromu Ito
name: Tanimoto, Jun
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary Figures and Supplementary Tables
Inhibition of NAD(P)H oxidase reduces apoptosis and avascular retina in an animal model of retinopathy of prematurity
Creators: name: Saito, Yuta
name: Uppal, Abhineet
name: Geisen, Pete
name: Hartnett, M Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: PurposeTo study the mechanisms of action of the antioxidants, n-acetylcysteine (NAC), and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAPDH) oxidase oxidase inhibitor, apocynin, on intravitreous neovascularization (IVNV), and retinal avascularity in a rat model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).MethodsNewborn rats exposed to oxygen-induced retinopathy underwent intraperitoneal (IP) injections of NAC (150 mg/kg) at post-natal day (p)2, p6, p10 (early NAC-treated), or p12 through p17 (late NAC-treated), apocynin (10 mg/kg) from p12 through p17, or phosphate buffered saline (PBS; controls). Lipid hydroperoxide (LHP) was measured in early NAC-treated oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) at p7, p14 and p18. Pups were placed in room air at p14. At p18, retinal flat mounts were scored for IVNV and avascular/total retinal area, or retinas were assayed for cleaved caspase-3 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein. In non-injected OIR pups, retinas were assayed for gp91phox. Cryosections were stained with isolectin B4, cleaved caspase-3, CD68, CD31, gp91phox, neuron-glial antigen 2 (NG-2), or anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and visualized with confocal microscopy.ResultsLHP increased over time in retinas from OIR exposed pups in association with IVNV. Early NAC-treated retinas had significantly reduced LHP compared to PBS-control at p18 (p<0.012). However, neither early nor late treatment with NAC had an effect on IVNV or retinal avascularity. Although apocynin had no effect on IVNV, it reduced both avascular retina (p=0.017) and retinal cleaved caspase-3 determined by western blot (p=0.021). In cryosections from OIR eyes, cleaved caspase-3 positive cells co-labeled with some lectin-stained vessels, NG2 labeled cells, and with GFAP positive cells in the inner nuclear layer. We found that the intravascular expression of gp91phox co-localized mostly with CD31 and some CD68 positive cells.ConclusionsOur results do not support the antioxidant properties of NAC as effective in reducing IVNV or avascular retina in the 50/10 OIR rat model. Apocynin reduced avascularity and apoptosis in the OIR model perhaps through pathways triggered by ROS generation but upstream from LHP production. Further study and consideration may be given to apocynin or NAD(P)H oxidase inhibitors as adjunctive therapy for ROP to reduce the avascular retina.
Families of artinian and low dimensional determinantal rings
Creators: name: Kleppe, Jan O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C40, 14C05, 13D10 (Primary), 14M12, 13E10, 13D02, 13D07, 13A02, 13H10 (Secondary)

description: Let GradAlg(H) be the scheme parameterizing graded quotients of R=k[x_0,...,x_n] with Hilbert function H (it is a subscheme of the Hilbert scheme of P^n if we restrict to quotients of positive dimension, see definition below). A graded quotient A=R/I of codimension c is called standard determinantal if the ideal I can be generated by the t by t minors of a homogeneous t by (t+c-1) matrix (f_{ij}). Given integers a_0\le a_1\le ...\le a_{t+c-2} and b_1\le ...\le b_t, we denote by W_s(\underline{b};\underline{a}) the stratum of GradAlg(H) of determinantal rings where f_{ij} \in R are homogeneous of degrees a_j-b_i. In this paper we extend previous results on the dimension and codimension of W_s(\underline{b};\underline{a}) in GradAlg(H) to {\it artinian determinantal rings}, and we show that GradAlg(H) is generically smooth along W_s(\underline{b};\underline{a}) under some assumptions. For zero and one dimensional determinantal schemes we generalize earlier results on these questions. As a consequence we get that the general element of a component W of the Hilbert scheme of P^n is glicci provided W contains a standard determinantal scheme satisfying some conditions. We also show how certain ghost terms disappear under deformation while other ghost terms remain and are present in the minimal resolution of a general element of GradAlg(H).
description: Postprint replacing preprint. 29 pages. Online 26.May 2017 in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra
(400363) John Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(400364) Margaret Paton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Localization of the paranodal protein Caspr in the mammalian retina
Creators: name: Peles, Elior
name: Hirano, Arlene A.
name: O’Brien, Brendan J.
name: Buttermore, Elizabeth D.
name: Bhat, Manzoor A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: PurposeThe retina has the demanding task of encoding all aspects of the visual scene within the space of one fixation period lasting only a few hundred milliseconds. To accomplish this feat, information is encoded in specialized parallel channels and passed on to numerous central nuclei via the optic nerve. These parallel channels achieve specialization in at least three ways: the synaptic networks in which they participate, the neurotransmitter receptors expressed and the types and locations of ion channels or transporters used. Subcellular localization of receptors, channels and transporters is made yet more complex in the retina by the double duty many retinal processes serve. In the present work, we show that the protein Caspr (Contactin Associated Protein), best known for its critical role in the localization of voltage-gated ion channels at the nodes of Ranvier, is present in several types of retinal neurons including amacrine, bipolar, horizontal, and ganglion cells.MethodsUsing standard double label immunofluorescence protocols, we characterized the pattern of Caspr expression in the rodent retina.ResultsCaspr labeling was observed through much of the retina, including horizontal, bipolar, amacrine, and ganglion cells. Among amacrine cells, Caspr was observed in AII amacrine cells through co-localization with Parvalbumin and Disabled-1 in rat and mouse retinas, respectively. An additional amacrine cell type containing Calretinin also co-localized with Caspr, but did not co-localize with choline-acetyltransferase. Nearly all cells in the ganglion cell layer contain Caspr, including both displaced amacrine and ganglion cells. In the outer retina, Caspr was co-localized with PKC labeling in rod bipolar cell dendrites. In addition, Caspr labeling was found inside syntaxin-4 'sandwiches' in the outer plexiform layer, most likely indicating its presence in cone bipolar cell dendrites. Finally, Caspr was co-localized in segments of horizontal cell dendrites labeled with Calbindin-D28k.ConclusionsCaspr is best known for its role in organizing the localization of different voltage-gated ion channels in and around nodes of Ranvier. As neuronal processes in the retina often play a dual role involving both input and output, it is possible that the localization of Caspr in the retina will help us decipher the way retinal cells localize ion channels in their processes to increase computational capacity.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and pigment epithelial-derived factor in a rat model of retinopathy of prematurity
Creators: name: Kanekar, Shami
name: Huang, Wei
name: Hartnett, M. Elizabeth
name: Thompson, Hilary
name: Hartmann, John S.
name: Budd, Steven J.
name: Wang, Haibo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Objective: To determine the effects of oxygen fluctuations on pigment epithelial-derived factor (PEDF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/PEDF ratios in a relevant rat model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).MethodsThe expression of retinal PEDF mRNA and of VEGF and PEDF protein were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays at different postnatal day ages for rat pups raised in room air (RA) or in a rat model mimicking ROP. Statistical outcomes were determined with factorial analyses of variance. Mean VEGF and PEDF protein levels were determined at different ages for rats in the ROP model and for RA-raised rats, and the ratio of VEGF/PEDF protein versus age was plotted. At postnatal day (P) 14, inner retinal plexus vascularization had extended to the ora serrata in pups raised in RA. In the ROP model, avascular retina persisted at P14 and intravitreous neovascularization developed at P18. Therefore, VEGF and PEDF expression was determined in the ROP model and in RA-raised rat pups at P14 and P18.ResultsOlder age was associated with increased PEDF mRNA (p<0.001), PEDF protein (p=0.005), and VEGF protein (p=0.005), and VEGF protein (p<0.0001). Exposure to fluctuations of oxygen in the 50/10 oxygen-induced retinopathy model compared to RA was associated with increased PEDF mRNA (p=0.0185), PEDF protein (p<0.0001), or VEGF protein (p<0.0001). The VEGF/PEDF ratio favored angiogenic inhibition (<1.0) before but not on P14, when avascular retina persisted in the ROP model but not in RA. The VEGF/PEDF ratio favored angiogenesis (>1.0) at P14 and P 18 when intravitreous neovascularization occurred in the ROP model.ConclusionsIncreased expression levels of VEGF and PEDF are associated with older postnatal day age or with exposure to fluctuations in oxygen in the 50/10 oxygen-induced retinopathy model compared to RA. PEDF protein more closely associates with avascular retinal features and neovascularization than does VEGF protein or the VEGF/PEDF in the ROP model. Although PEDF has been proposed as a potential treatment in ROP, interventional studies using PEDF in an ROP model to potentially reduce intravitreous neovascularization are required to determine timing, efficacy, and dose of PEDF.
Bernstein spectral method for quasinormal modes of a generic black hole spacetime and application to instability of dilaton-de Sitter solution
Creators: name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Zhidenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the improved Mathematica code which computes quasinormal frequencies with the help of the Bernstein spectral method for a general class of black holes, allowing for asymptotically flat, de Sitter or anti-de Sitter asymptotic. The method is especially efficient when searching for purely imaginary and unstable modes and here it is used for detecting the instability region of a charged scalar field in the background of the charged asymptotically de Sitter dilatonic black hole. We show that the instability has superradiant nature and the dilaton field essentially influences the region of instability.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 2 ancillary files
WQRJ-D-21-00023-۳.pdf
Creators: name: Soltani, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Wastewater treatment processes

description: Industrial effluents are usually one of the major industries polluting the environment and surface water. It is estimated that the worldwide production of dyes is about 70 tons/year. To overcome this problem, innovative processes are suggested for the treatment of industrial effluents containing dyes and heavy metals. The goal of the processes is often to reduce the toxicity of these pollutants in order to meet treatment standards. Recently, great attention has been paid to innovative processes for physical and chemical removal techniques such as adsorption on new adsorbents, biomass adsorption, membrane filtration, irradiation, and electrochemical coagulation. In this study, the application of adsorbents in the adsorption process to remove dye pollutants from industrial effluents has been studied. Factors affecting dye adsorption such as pH, temperature, initial dye concentration, and adsorbent amount are also presented. The obtained results revealed that more than 80% of the dye adsorption on the surface of adsorbents are endothermic processes and more than 95% of the processes obey the pseudo-second-order kinetic model.
Region-Based Rate-Control for H.264/AVC for Low Bit-Rate Applications
Creators: name: Hu, Hai-Miao
name: Li, Bo
name: Lin, Weiyao
name: Li, Wei
name: Sun, Ming-Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rate-control plays an important role in video coding. However, in the conventional rate-control algorithms, the number and position of Macroblocks (MBs) inside one basic unit for rate-control is inflexible and predetermined. The different characteristics of the MBs are not fully considered. Also, there is no overall optimization of the coding of basic units. This paper proposes a new region-based rate-control scheme for H.264/AVC to improve the coding efficiency. The inter-frame information is explored to objectively divide one frame into multiple regions based on their rate-distortion behaviors. The MBs with the similar characteristics are classified into the same region, and the entire region instead of a single MB or a group of contiguous MBs is treated as a basic unit for rate-control. A linear rate-quantization stepsize model and a linear distortion-quantization stepsize model are proposed to accurately describe the rate-distortion characteristics for the region-based basic units. Moreover, based on the above linear models, an overall optimization model is proposed to obtain suitable Quantization Parameters (QPs) for the region-based basic units. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed region-based rate-control approach can achieve both better subjective and objective quality by performing the rate-control adaptively with the content, compared to the conventional rate-control approaches.
description: This manuscript is the accepted version for TCSVT (IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology)
(400360) Elizabeth Roxburgh
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary material of "Scaling the phase- planes of social dilemma strengths shows game-class changes in the five rules governing the evolution of cooperation"
Creators: name: Hiromu Ito
name: Tanimoto, Jun
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary Figures and Supplementary Tables
Effect of induced transition on the quantum entanglement and coherence in two-coupled double quantum dots system
Creators: name: Dahbi, Zakaria
name: Anka, Maron F.
name: Mansour, Mostafa
name: Rojas, Moises
name: Cruz, Clebson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying quantum properties in solid-state systems is a significant avenue for research. In this scenario, double quantum dots (DQDs) appear as a versatile platform for technological breakthroughs in quantum computation and nanotechnology. This work inspects the thermal entanglement and quantum coherence in two-coupled DODs, where the system is exposed to an external stimulus that induces an electronic transition within each subsystem. The results show that the introduction of external stimulus induces a quantum level crossing that relies upon the Coulomb potential changing the degree of quantum entanglement and coherence of the system. Thus, the quantum properties of the system can be tuned by changing the transition frequency, leading to the enhancement of its quantum properties.
(400362) James Deuchars
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Powder x-ray diffraction, electronic, and thermal transport data for Sb2Te3-Te composite and Te nanostructured compact from A facile energy-saving route of fabricating thermoelectric Sb2Te3-Te nanocomposites and nanosized Te.
Creators: name: Liu, En-Yu
name: Fei-Hung Lin
name: Yang, Zong-Ren
name: Chia-Jyi Liu
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 30203 Inorganic Green Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: A facile energy-saving route is developed for fabricating Sb2Te3-Te nanocomposites and nanosized Te powders. The fabrication route not only avoids using organic chemicals, but also keeps the energy consumption to a minimum. The fabrication procedure involves two steps. Energetic precursors of nanosized powders of Sb and Te are produced at room temperature followed by hot pressing at 400°C under 70 MPa for 1 h. The resulting Sb2Te3-Te nanocomposite exhibits enhanced power factor. The dimensionless figure of merit zT value of the Sb2Te3-Te nanocomposite is 0.29 at 475 K.
Effect of Magnetic Scattering on Superfluid Transition of 3He in Nematic Aerogel
Creators: name: Dmitriev, V. V.
name: Kutuzov, M. S.
name: Soldatov, A. A.
name: Yudin, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of high magnetic field experiments in pure $^3$He (in the absence of $^4$He coverage) in nematic aerogel. In this case the aerogel strands are covered with few atomic layers of solid paramagnetic $^3$He, which enables the spin-exchange mechanism for $^3$He quasiparticles scattering. Our earlier NMR experiments showed that in low fields, instead of the polar phase, the A phase is expected to emerge in nematic aerogel. We use a vibrating wire resonator with the sample of aerogel attached to it and measure temperature dependencies of resonance properties of the resonator at different magnetic fields. A superfluid transition temperature of $^3$He in aerogel, obtained from the experiments, increases nonlinearly in applied magnetic field. And this increase is suppressed compared with that for bulk A$_1$ phase, which we attribute to an influence of the magnetic scattering channel, previously considered theoretically for the case of $^3$He confined in isotropic silica aerogel. However, we observe the essential quantitative mismatch with theoretical expectations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Estrogen pathway polymorphisms in relation to primary open angle glaucoma: An analysis accounting for gender from the United States
Creators: name: Gaasterland, Terry
name: Christen, William G.
name: Singh, Kuldev
name: Kang, Jae H.
name: Moroi, Sayoko E.
name: Kraft, Peter
name: Zack, Donald J.
name: Vollrath, Douglas
name: Realini, Tony
name: Bailey, Jessica Cooke
name: Schuman, Joel S.
name: Weinreb, Robert N.
name: Loomis, Stephanie J.
name: Gaasterland, Douglas
name: Sit, Arthur J.
name: Scott, William K.
name: Olson, Lana
name: Zhang, Kang
name: Pericak-Vance, Margaret A.
name: Wollstein, Gadi
name: Liu, Yutao
name: Allingham, R. Rand
name: Lee, Richard K.
name: Lichter, Paul R.
name: Friedman, David S.
name: Pasquale, Louis R.
name: Yaspan, Brian L.
name: Richards, Julia E.
name: Fingert, John
name: McCarty, Catherine A.
name: Budenz, Donald L.
name: Brilliant, Murray
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Circulating estrogen levels are relevant in glaucoma phenotypic traits. We assessed the association between an estrogen metabolism single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panel in relation to primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), accounting for gender.
Probing light exotics from a hidden sector at $c$-$τ$ factories with polarized electron beams
Creators: name: Gorbunov, Dmitry
name: Kalashnikov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future $c$-$τ$ factories are natural places to study extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics (SM) with new long-lived feebly interacting particles light enough to be produced in electron-positron collisions. We investigate prospects of these machines in exploring such extensions emphasizing the role of polarized beams in getting rid of the SM irreducible background for the missing energy signature. We illustrate this on example of $c$-$τ$ project in Novosibirsk, where the electron beam is designed to be polarized to achieve much higher sensitivity to hadronic resonances and $τ$-leptons. We investigate models with hidden photons, with millicharged particles (fermions and scalars), with $Z'$ bosons and with axion-like particles. We find that the electron beam polarization of 80\% significantly improves the chances to observe the signal, especially with large statistics. We outline the regions of the model parameter space which can be reached at this factory in one year and in ten years of operation according with the scientific schedule of tuning the energy of colliding beams.
description: 12 pages, 21 figures; v2: including plots with limits from searches for visible modes if comparable to invisible, v3: replaced with final version
Quantum transport simulations in a programmable nanophotonic processor
Creators: name: Harris, Nicholas C.
name: Steinbrecher, Gregory R.
name: Mower, Jacob
name: Lahini, Yoav
name: Prabhu, Mihika
name: Bunandar, Darius
name: Chen, Changchen
name: Wong, Franco N. C.
name: Baehr-Jones, Tom
name: Hochberg, Michael
name: Lloyd, Seth
name: Englund, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Environmental noise and disorder play critical roles in quantum particle and wave transport in complex media, including solid-state and biological systems. Recent work has predicted that coupling between noisy environments and disordered systems, in which coherent transport has been arrested due to localization effects, could actually enhance transport. Photonic integrated circuits are promising platforms for studying such effects, with a central goal being the development of large systems providing low-loss, high-fidelity control over all parameters of the transport problem. Here, we fully map the role of disorder in quantum transport using a nanophotonic processor consisting of a mesh of 88 generalized beamsplitters programmable on microsecond timescales. Over 64,400 transport experiments, we observe several distinct transport regimes, including environment-assisted quantum transport and the ''quantum Goldilocks'' regime in strong, statically disordered discrete-time systems. Low loss and high-fidelity programmable transformations make this nanophotonic processor a promising platform for many-boson quantum simulation experiments.
description: 4 figures, 8 pages
Simple fixation and storage protocol for preserving the internal structure of intact human donor lenses and extracted human nuclear cataract specimens
Creators: name: Gilliland, Kurt
name: Metlapally, Sangeetha
name: Mohamed, Ashik
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Increased use of phacoemulsification procedures for cataract surgeries has resulted in a dramatic decrease in the availability of cataractous nuclear specimens for basic research into the mechanism of human cataract formation. To overcome such difficulties, a fixation protocol was developed to provide good initial fixation of human donor lenses and extracted nuclei, when available, and is suitable for storing or shipping cataracts to laboratories where structural studies could be completed.
Polaronic Transport and Current Blockades in Epitaxial Silicide Nanowires and Nanowire Arrays
Creators: name: Menard, Laurent D.
name: Zhang, X.-G.
name: Li, An-Ping
name: Iancu, Violeta
name: Kent, P. R. C.
name: Weitering, Hanno H.
name: Kim, Tae-Hwan
name: Ramsey, J. Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Crystalline micrometer-long YSi2 nanowires with cross sections as small as 1×0.5 nm2 can be grown on the Si(001) surface. Their extreme aspect ratios make electron conduction within these nanowires almost ideally one-dimensional, while their compatibility with the silicon platform suggests application as metallic interconnect in Si-based nano-electronic devices. Here we combine bottom-up epitaxial wire synthesis in ultrahigh vacuum with top-down miniaturization of the electrical measurement probes to elucidate the electronic conduction mechanism of both individual wires and arrays of nanowires. Temperature-dependent transport through individual nanowires is indicative of thermally-assisted tunneling of small polarons between atomic-scale defect centers. In-depth analysis of complex wire networks emphasize significant electronic crosstalk between the nanowires, due to the long-range Coulomb fields associated with polaronic charge fluctuations. This work establishes a semi-quantitative correlation between the density and distributions of atomic-scale defects and resulting current-voltage characteristics of nanoscale network devices.
Out of equilibrium thermal Casimir effect between Brownian conducting plates
Creators: name: Lu, B. -S.
name: Dean, D. S.
name: Podgornik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermal fluctuation induced interactions between two surfaces containing Brownian charges which are held at different temperatures. Using a dynamical form of Debye-Hückel theory implemented within the stochastic equation for the density of mobile Brownian charges, we derive expressions for the average force between the two surfaces as well as its variance. The latter is found both for the normal, of finite mean, as well as the lateral force, of zero mean, between the surfaces.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, EPL style
Molecular-matched materials for anticancer drug delivery and imaging
Creators: name: Fu, Qiang
name: Wang, Yongjun
name: Hackett, Michael
name: Liu, Feng
name: Wang, Dun
name: Tang, Jingling
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In this study, we aim to construct nanoformulation with high-cargo loading and controlled serum kinetics.
The spans in Brownian motion
Creators: name: Evans, Steven N.
name: Pitman, Jim
name: Tang, Wenpin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A78, 60J65

description: For $d \in \{1,2,3\}$, let $(B^d_t;~ t \geq 0)$ be a $d$-dimensional standard Brownian motion. We study the $d$-Brownian span set $Span(d):=\{t-s;~ B^d_s=B^d_t~\mbox{for some}~0 \leq s \leq t\}$. We prove that almost surely the random set $Span(d)$ is $σ$-compact and dense in $\mathbb{R}_{+}$. In addition, we show that $Span(1)=\mathbb{R}_{+}$ almost surely; the Lebesgue measure of $Span(2)$ is $0$ almost surely and its Hausdorff dimension is $1$ almost surely; and the Hausdorff dimension of $Span(3)$ is $\frac{1}{2}$ almost surely. We also list a number of conjectures and open problems.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures. This paper is published by http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aihp/1500624032
On an economic prediction of the finer resolution level wavelet coefficients in electron structure calculations
Creators: name: Nagy, Szilvia
name: Pipek, János
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In wavelet based electron structure calculations introducing a new, finer resolution level is usually an expensive task, this is why often a two-level approximation is used with very fine starting resolution level. This process results in large matrices to calculate with and a large number of coefficients to be stored. In our previous work we have developed an adaptively refining solution scheme that determines the indices, where refined basis functions are to be included, and later a method for predicting the next, finer resolution coefficients in a very economic way. In the present contribution we would like to determine, whether the method can be applied for predicting not only the first, but also the other, higher resolution level coefficients. Also the energy expectation values of the predicted wave functions are studied, as well as the scaling behaviour of the coefficients in the fine resolution limit.
(400357) Mary [Boyd] Deuchars
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Interacting triplons in frustrated spin ladders: Binding and decay in BiCu$_2$PO$_6$
Creators: name: Müller, Leanna B.
name: Uhrig, Götz S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Establishing a comprehensive model of the rich spin dynamics in BiCu$_2$PO$_6$ has been a challenge over the last decade. Inelastic neutron scattering experiments revealed that its elementary triplons are non-degenerate showing the existence of significant anisotropic spin couplings. Evidence for triplon decay into two triplons has been found, but two prominent downturns in the dispersions eluded an explanation. Level repulsion due to hybridization of single triplons with the continuum of two-triplon scattering states has been proposed as explanation. We show that this concept may explain the weak downturn at higher energies, but fails for the most pronounced downturn at lower energy. In turn, we provide evidence that this downturn is the signature of a two-triplon bound state of essentially singlet character pointing to triplon-triplon interaction as the second crucial ingredient of the spin dynamics in this exemplary system.
description: 7 pages including 1 page appendix, 5 figures
Accretion disc viscosity: a limit on the anisotropy
Creators: name: Nixon, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of warped discs can give insight into the nature of angular momentum transport in accretion discs. Only a few objects are known to show strong periodicity on long timescales, but when such periodicity is present it is often attributed to precession of the accretion disc. The X-ray binary Hercules X-1/HZ Herculis (Her X-1) is one of the best examples of such periodicity and has been linked to disc precession since it was first observed. By using the current best-fitting models to Her X-1, which invoke precession driven by radiation warping, I place a constraint on the effective viscosities that act in a warped disc. These effective viscosities almost certainly arise due to turbulence induced by the magneto-rotational instability. The constraints derived here are in agreement with analytical and numerical investigations into the nature of magneto-hydrodynamic disc turbulence, but at odds with some recent global simulations.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Powder x-ray diffraction, electronic, and thermal transport data for Sb2Te3-Te composite and Te nanostructured compact from A facile energy-saving route of fabricating thermoelectric Sb2Te3-Te nanocomposites and nanosized Te
Creators: name: Liu, En-Yu
name: Fei-Hung Lin
name: Yang, Zong-Ren
name: Chia-Jyi Liu
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 30203 Inorganic Green Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: A facile energy-saving route is developed for fabricating Sb2Te3-Te nanocomposites and nanosized Te powders. The fabrication route not only avoids using organic chemicals, but also keeps the energy consumption to a minimum. The fabrication procedure involves two steps. Energetic precursors of nanosized powders of Sb and Te are produced at room temperature followed by hot pressing at 400°C under 70 MPa for 1 h. The resulting Sb2Te3-Te nanocomposite exhibits enhanced power factor. The zT value of the Sb2Te3-Te nanocomposite is 0.29 at 475 K.
Effect of drug release kinetics on nanoparticle therapeutic efficacy and toxicity
Creators: name: Werner, Michael E.
name: Karve, Shrirang
name: Zhang, Liangfang
name: Moore, Dominic T.
name: Sethi, Manish
name: Wang, Andrew Z.
name: Wang, Edina C.
name: Sukumar, Rohit
name: Kowalczyk, Sonya R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Nanoparticles’ drug release kinetics can directly affect their therapeutic efficacy and toxicity.
(400358) David Deuchars
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Results Including P2A from Characterizing the shape patterns of dimorphic yeast pseudohyphae.
Creators: name: Gontar, Amelia
name: Bottema, Murk J.
name: Binder, Benjamin J.
name: Tronnolone, Hayden
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The main computation of this work repeated with P2A included as a feature.
Moduli space of meromorphic differentials with marked horizontal separatrices
Creators: name: Boissy, Corentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study framed translation surfaces corresponding to meromorphic differentials on compact Riemann surfaces, for which a horizontal separatrix is marked for each pole or zero. Such geometric structures naturally appear when studying flat geometry surfaces "near" the Deligne-Mumford boundary.We compute the number of connected components of the corresponding strata, and give a simple topological invariant that distinguishes them. In particular we see that for $g>0$, there are at most two such components, except in the hyperelliptic case.
description: Several changes following referee reports. Final version. To appear in Algebraic \& Geometric Topology
Representational dissimilarity metric spaces for stochastic neural networks
Creators: name: Duong, Lyndon R.
name: Zhou, Jingyang
name: Nassar, Josue
name: Berman, Jules
name: Olieslagers, Jeroen
name: Williams, Alex H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Quantifying similarity between neural representations -- e.g. hidden layer activation vectors -- is a perennial problem in deep learning and neuroscience research. Existing methods compare deterministic responses (e.g. artificial networks that lack stochastic layers) or averaged responses (e.g., trial-averaged firing rates in biological data). However, these measures of _deterministic_ representational similarity ignore the scale and geometric structure of noise, both of which play important roles in neural computation. To rectify this, we generalize previously proposed shape metrics (Williams et al. 2021) to quantify differences in _stochastic_ representations. These new distances satisfy the triangle inequality, and thus can be used as a rigorous basis for many supervised and unsupervised analyses. Leveraging this novel framework, we find that the stochastic geometries of neurobiological representations of oriented visual gratings and naturalistic scenes respectively resemble untrained and trained deep network representations. Further, we are able to more accurately predict certain network attributes (e.g. training hyperparameters) from its position in stochastic (versus deterministic) shape space.
description: Published as a conference paper at ICLR 2023
Recoiling black holes: prospects for detection and implications of spin alignment
Creators: name: Blecha, Laura
name: Sijacki, Debora
name: Kelley, Luke Zoltan
name: Torrey, Paul
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Springel, Volker
name: Snyder, Gregory
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black hole (BH) mergers produce powerful gravitational wave (GW) emission. Asymmetry in this emission imparts a recoil kick to the merged BH, which can eject the BH from its host galaxy altogether. Recoiling BHs could be observed as offset active galactic nuclei (AGN). Several candidates have been identified, but systematic searches have been hampered by large uncertainties regarding their observability. By extracting merging BHs and host galaxy properties from the Illustris cosmological simulations, we have developed a comprehensive model for recoiling AGN. Here, for the first time, we model the effects of BH spin alignment and recoil dynamics based on the gas-richness of host galaxies. We predict that if BH spins are not highly aligned, seeing-limited observations could resolve offset AGN, making them promising targets for all-sky surveys. For randomly-oriented spins, less than about 10 spatially-offset AGN may be detectable in HST-COSMOS, and > 10^3 could be found with Pan-STARRS, LSST, Euclid, and WFIRST. Nearly a thousand velocity-offset AGN are predicted within the SDSS footprint; the rarity of large broad-line offsets among SDSS quasars is likely due in part to selection effects but suggests that spin alignment plays a role in suppressing recoils. Nonetheless, in our most physically motivated model where alignment occurs only in gas-rich mergers, hundreds of offset AGN should be found in all-sky surveys. Our findings strongly motivate a dedicated search for recoiling AGN.
description: 30 pages, 19 figures. Accepted to MNRAS after minor revisions
A dual wavelength-activatable gold nanorod complex for synergistic cancer treatment
Creators: name: Lu, Yue
name: Neupane, Bhanu
name: Wang, Gufeng
name: Mo, Ran
name: Rikard, S. Michaela
name: Ligler, Frances S.
name: Gu, Zhen
name: Pacardo, Dennis B.
name: Mishra, Sumeet R.
name: Tracy, Joseph B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: A multifunctional gold nanorod complex was formulated for synergistic anticancer treatment upon ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) light dual irradiations.
Results Including P2A from Characterizing the shape patterns of dimorphic yeast pseudohyphae
Creators: name: Gontar, Amelia
name: Bottema, Murk J.
name: Binder, Benjamin J.
name: Tronnolone, Hayden
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The main computation of this work repeated with P2A included as a feature.
Dendritic nanoconjugates for intracellular delivery of neutral oligonucleotides
Creators: name: Carver, Kyle
name: Min, Yuanzeng
name: Yuan, Ahu
name: Ming, Xin
name: Wu, Lin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Conjugation of neutral oligonucleotides (ONs) with PAMAM dendrimers resulted in ultra-small nanoconjugates that combine superior ON delivery and reduced cytotoxicity.
Dynamical stability from quasi normal modes in 2nd, 1st and 0th order holographic superfluid phase transitions
Creators: name: Zhao, Zi-Qiang
name: Zhang, Xing-Kun
name: Nie, Zhang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a simple extension of the original Hartnoll, Herzog and Horowitz (HHH) holographic superfluid model with two nonlinear scalar self-interaction terms $λ|ψ|^4$ and $τ|ψ|^6$ in the probe limit. Depending on the value of $λ$ and $τ$, this setup allows us to realize a large spectrum of holographic phase transitions which are 2nd, 1st and 0th order as well as the ``cave of wind'' phase transition. We speculate the landscape pictures and explore the near equilibrium dynamics of the lowest quasinormal modes (QNMs) across the whole phase diagram at both zero and finite wave-vector. We find that the zero wave-vector results of QNMs correctly present the stability of the system under homogeneous perturbations and perfectly agree with the landscape analysis of homogeneous configurations in canonical ensemble. The zero wave-vector results also show that a 0th order phase transition cannot occur since it always corresponds to a global instability of the whole system. The finite wave-vector results show that under inhomogeneous perturbations, the unstable region is larger than that under only homogeneous perturbations, and the new boundary of instability match with the turning point of condensate curve in grand canonical ensemble, indicating a new explanation from the subsystem point of view. The additional unstable section also perfectly match the section with negative value of charge susceptibility.
description: 33 pages, 15 figures, minor corrections