cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mechanical Loading Effects on the Resistivity of Thin Film Semiconductors
Creators: name: Lange, D.
name: Roca I Cabarrocas, P.
name: Triantafyllidis, N.
name: Daineka, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1890-1893
description: The influence of mechanical stress on PECVD thin film layers (250 to 500 nm) of hydrogenated amorphous and microcrystalline silicon (both intrinsic, p- and n-doped) as well as indium tin oxide (ITO) and aluminum doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) was examined via uniaxial tension and compression tests and a simultaneous measurement of the resistivity both parallel and perpendicular to the applied stress (piezoresistivity). The resistivity for intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous layers is increasing for tensile strain whereas it is decreasing for intrinsic hydrogenated microcrystalline layers. P-doped layers of microcrystalline silicon have an increasing resistivity with increasing tensile strain which is in opposition to the behavior of n-type layers that show a decrease in resistivity for the same strain. Both ITO and ZnO:Al show a strong increase in resistivity with strain. The experiments for every material type show that the effect is reversible up to a certain strain and that a permanent damage remains if the sample is subjected to a strain exceeding this limit. In-situ mechanical tests in a scanning electron microscope demonstrate that such irreversible changes are due to crack formation when a certain strain is exceeded. These cracks can be observed perpendicular to the direction of the applied stress.
Inkjet Printing of Kesterite and Chalcopyrite Thin Film Absorbers for Low Cost Photovoltaic Application
Creators: name: Lin, X.
name: Kavalakkatt, J.
name: Brusten, N.
name: Lux-Steiner, M.C.
name: Ennaoui, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1876-1879
description: CuZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) with an optical band gap around 1.0-1.5 eV and absorption coefficient over 104 cm-1 is the optimal candidate for photovoltaic application. Although the conversion efficiencies of the best CZTSSe-based solar cells (12.6 % [1]) are still far below the Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) based solar cells (21.7 % [2]) CZTSSe material has been considered as the alternative absorber layers to Cu(In,Ga)Se2 for thin film solar cells due to its earth abundant constituents. In this paper, we present a novel approach by using inkjet-printing processes to prepare CZTSSe absorbers. The formation of CZTSSe including three main steps: ink formulation, inkjet printing and annealing. Inkjet printing technique is a material-conserving technique, which can greatly reduce the production cost by reducing the wastage of materials. Additionally, these techniques can be easily adapted to Roll-to-Roll processing for large-scale application and for new concept of microconcetrator cell design. Hereby, we demonstrate that CZTSSe absorbers can be deposited by inkjet printing. Meanwhile we also explored the use of inkjet printing to deposit CIGS precursor micrometer dots with different size. These precursor dots will be used for the fabrication of micrometer-sized solar cells with significant materials savings. In this work 4.46% efficient Solar cells with glass/Mo/CZTSSe/i-ZnO/ZnO:Al/Ni:Al grids from the printed CZTSSe absorbers were achieved.
Finite BMS transformations
Creators: name: Barnich, Glenn
name: Troessaert, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The action of finite BMS and Weyl transformations on the gravitational data at null infinity is worked out in three and four dimensions in the case of an arbitrary conformal factor for the boundary metric induced on Scri.
description: 44 pages
A new method for age-dating the formation of bars in disc galaxies: The TIMER view on NGC1433's old bar and the inside-out growth of its nuclear disc
Creators: name: de Sá-Freitas, Camila
name: Fragkoudi, Francesca
name: Gadotti, Dimitri A.
name: Falcón-Barroso, Jesús
name: Bittner, Adrian
name: Sánchez-Blázquez, Patricia
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Bieri, Rebekka
name: Coccato, Lodovico
name: Coelho, Paula
name: Fahrion, Katja
name: Gonçalves, Geraldo
name: Kim, Taehyun
name: de Lorenzo-Cáceres, Adriana
name: Martig, Marie
name: Martín-Navarro, Ignacio
name: Mendez-Abreu, Jairo
name: Neumann, Justus
name: Querejeta, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The epoch in which galactic discs settle is a major benchmark to test models of galaxy formation and evolution but is as yet largely unknown. Once discs settle and become self-gravitating enough, stellar bars are able to form; therefore, determining the ages of bars can shed light on the epoch of disc settling, and on the onset of secular evolution. Nevertheless, until now, timing when the bar formed has proven challenging. In this work, we present a new methodology for obtaining the bar age, using the star formation history of nuclear discs. Nuclear discs are rotation-supported structures, built by gas pushed to the centre via bar-induced torques, and their formation is thus coincident with bar formation. In particular, we use integral field spectroscopic (IFS) data from the TIMER survey to disentangle the star formation history of the nuclear disc from that of the underlying main disc, which enables us to more accurately determine when the nuclear disc forms. We demonstrate the methodology on the galaxy NGC 1433 -- which we find to host an old bar that is $8.0^{+1.6}_{-1.1}\rm{(sys)}^{+0.2}_{-0.5}\rm{(stat)}$ Gyr old -- and describe a number of tests carried out on both the observational data and numerical simulations. In addition, we present evidence that the nuclear disc of NGC 1433 grows in accordance with an inside-out formation scenario. This methodology is applicable to high-resolution IFS data of barred galaxies with nuclear discs, making it ideally suited for the TIMER survey sample. In the future we will thus be able to determine the bar age for a large sample of galaxies, shedding light on the epoch of disc settling and bar formation.
description: Accepted for Publication by A&A, 18 pages, 14 figures
A-SiO:H Thin Films with Increased Light Induced Degradation Stability for Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Holinski, S.
name: Borchert, D.
name: Hohage, S.
name: Meiners, B.-M.
name: Schäfer, P.
name: Westrich, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1886-1889
description: Silicon based multi-junction thin film solar cells suffer from light-induced degradation (LID) due to the Staebler-Wronski effect. The top-absorber in such a cell is usually made out of intrinsic amorphous silicon (i)a-Si:H which suffers most from LID. Intrinsic amorphous silicon oxide (i)a-SiO:H promises an increased LID stability. We deposited (i)a-SiO:H absorber layers with different ratios of CO2/SiH4 by radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (RF-PECVD). The (i)a-SiO:H absorber layers were characterized regarding to their electrical and optical properties. The defect density Nd has been determined by the constant photocurrent method (CPM). It was found that (i)a-SiO:H has an increased LID stability compared to a-Si:H. The measurement results were then transferred into the simulation software Advanced Semiconductor Analysis (ASA). We carried out simulations for the initial and light soaked state of solar cells with a reference (i)a-Si:H absorber layer and the new (i)a-SiO:H absorber layer. The cells showed after light soaking nearly equal efficiency.
Rhinolophus Lacepede 1799
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus

description: Rhinolophus Lacépède, 1799. Tabi. Div. Subd. Orders Genres Mammifères, p. 15. TYPE SPECIES: Vespertilio ferrum-ecpuinum Schreber, 1774. SYNONYMS: Rhinomegalophus. COMMENTS: Includes Rhinomegalophus; see Thonglongya (1973:587).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 163, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Thonglongya, K. 1973. First record of Rhinolophus paradoxolophus (Bourret, 1951) from Thailand, with the description of a new species of the Rhinolophus philippinensis group (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae). Mammalia, 37: 587 - 597."]}
The uninvited guest in mixed derivative Hořava Gravity
Creators: name: Coates, Andrew
name: Colombo, Mattia
name: Gumrukcuoglu, A. Emir
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the mixed derivative extension of Hořava gravity which was designed to address the naturalness problems of the standard theory in the presence of matter couplings. We consider the minimal theory with mixed derivative terms that contain two spatial and two temporal derivatives. Including all terms compatible with the (modified) scaling rules and the foliation preserving diffeomorphisms, we calculate the dispersion relations of propagating modes. We find that the theory contains four propagating degrees of freedom, as opposed to three in the standard Hořava gravity. The new degree of freedom is another scalar graviton and it is unstable at low energies. Our result brings tension to the Lorentz violation suppression mechanism that relies on separation of scales.
description: 11 pages. 2 figures
Sigmund Freud : the man, his philosophy and his science
Creators: name: Solinski, Giselle.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
One Step Process as a Route for Effective Light Trapping in Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Li, G.
name: Li, H.
name: Ho, J.
name: Wong, M.
name: Kwok, H.S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
Silicon-based Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1894-1896
description: Advanced light trapping in thin film solar cells involves coupling light into guided modes at the front and back interfaces respectively. Accomplishing in an optimal way of these two tasks requires the integrating of properly engineered random or periodic light trapping schemes for both surfaces, which relates to two independent processing steps. Here, we focus on integrating the two-step processes into one-step process by using a nanoscale inverted pyramid structure. We show that the one-step approach can provide excellent broadband light trapping at the front and back surfaces for the solar cells, and a relative gain of 43% for the short circuit current and a gain of 26% for the efficiency have been achieved compared with the results obtained for cells without light trapping structure. The successful use of the one-step process, on the other hand, depends on the geometrical nature of the inverted pyramid, which allows for better conformal sequential deposition. The proposed one-step light trapping approach will simple the process, reduce the tact time and lower the production cost, all of which are believed to be beneficial to the industrial mass production.
Counterintuitive strain distribution in axial (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowires
Creators: name: Krause, Thilo
name: Hanke, Michael
name: Brandt, Oliver
name: Trampert, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the three-dimensional deformation field induced by an axial (In,Ga)N segment in a GaN nanowire. Using the finite element method within the framework of linear elasticity theory, we study the dependence of the strain field on the ratio of segment length and nanowire radius. Contrary to intuition, the out-of-plane-component of the elastic strain tensor is found to assume large negative values for a length-to-radius ratio close to one. We show that this unexpected effect is a direct consequence of the deformation of the nanowire at the free sidewalls and the associated large shear strain components. Simulated reciprocal space maps of a single (In,Ga)N/GaN nanowire demonstrate that nanofocus x-ray diffraction is a suitable technique to assess this peculiar strain state experimentally.
Optimal Control of the Thermistor Problem in Three Spatial Dimensions
Creators: name: Meinlschmidt, Hannes
name: Meyer, Christian
name: Rehberg, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K59, 35M10, 49J20, 49K20

description: This paper is concerned with the state-constrained optimal control of the three-dimensional thermistor problem, a fully quasilinear coupled system of a parabolic and elliptic PDE with mixed boundary conditions. This system models the heating of a conducting material by means of direct current. Local existence, uniqueness and continuity for the state system are derived by employing maximal parabolic regularity in the fundamental theorem of Prüss. Global solutions are addressed, which includes analysis of the linearized state system via maximal parabolic regularity, and existence of optimal controls is shown if the temperature gradient is under control. The adjoint system involving measures is investigated using a duality argument. These results allow to derive first-order necessary conditions for the optimal control problem in form of a qualified optimality system. The theoretical findings are illustrated by numerical results.
DISsemination and COmmunication plan (DISCO Plan)
Creators: name: Plesniak, Joanna
name: Cruz, Andreia
name: Müller, Jeanette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: communication
dissemination
project deliverable
strategy
stakeholder analysis
social media

description: Executive Summary Dissemination and communication are a core part of the AI-Mind project to ensure that project activities, resources and results are communicated and shared with the relevant stakeholders in a clear, consistent and effective manner. The presented DISsemination and COmmunication (DISCO) Plan introduces the AI-Mind project with its communication and dissemination strategies to achieve the greatest possible visibility, accessibility and promotion of the project and its results during the grant period. DISCO Plan provides a reference framework for AI-Mind to implement and evaluate dissemination and communication activities.
The WISSH quasars project XI. The mean Spectral Energy Distribution and Bolometric Corrections of the most luminous quasars
Creators: name: Saccheo, Ivano
name: Bongiorno, Angela
name: Piconcelli, Enrico
name: Bischetti, Manuela
name: Bruni, Gabriele
name: Cresci, Giovanni
name: Feruglio, Chiara
name: Fiore, Fabrizio
name: Grazian, Andrea
name: Luminari, Alfredo
name: Lusso, Elisabeta
name: Mainieri, Vincenzo
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Marconi, Alessandro
name: Ricci, Federica
name: Tombesi, Francesco
name: Travascio, Andrea
name: Vietri, Giustina
name: Vignali, Cristian
name: Zappacosta, Luca
name: La Franca, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hyper-luminous Quasi-Stellar Objects (QSOs) represent the ideal laboratory to investigate Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) feedback mechanism since their formidable energy release causes powerful winds at all scales and thus the maximum feedback is expected. We aim at deriving the mean Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) of a sample of 85 WISE-SDSS Selected Hyper-luminous (WISSH) quasars. Since the SED provides a direct way to investigate the AGN structure, our goal is to understand if quasars at the bright end of the luminosity function have peculiar properties compared to the bulk of the population. We built a mean intrinsic SED after correcting for the dust extinction, absorption and emission lines and intergalactic medium absorption. We also derived bolometric, IR band and monochromatic luminosities together with bolometric corrections at lambda = 5100 A and 3 micron. We define a new relation for the 3 micron bolometric correction. We find that the mean SED of hyper-luminous WISSH QSOs is different from that of less luminous sources, i.e. a relatively lower X-ray emission and a near and mid IR excess which can be explained assuming a larger dust contribution. WISSH QSOs have stronger emission from both warm and very hot dust, the latter being responsible for shifting the typical dip of the AGN SED from 1.3 to 1.1 micron. We also derived the mean SEDs of two sub-samples created according to the presence of Broad Absorption Lines and equivalent width of CIV line. We confirm that BALs are X-ray weak and that they have a reddened UV-optical continuum. We also find that BALs tend to have stronger emission from the hot dust component. This analysis suggests that hyper-luminous QSOs have a peculiar SED compared to less luminous objects. It is therefore critical to use SED templates constructed exclusively from very bright quasars samples when dealing with particularly luminous sources.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 20 pages, 15 figures
Cross-over from retro to specular Andreev reflections in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Efetov, Dmitri K.
name: Efetov, Konstantin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ongoing experimental progress in the preparation of ultra-clean graphene/superconductor (SC) interfaces enabled the recent observation of specular interband Andreev reflections (AR) at bilayer graphene (BLG)/NbSe$_{2}$ van der Waals interfaces [Nature Physics 12, (2016)]. Motivated by this experiment we theoretically study the differential conductance across a BLG/SC interface at the continuous transition from high to ultra-low Fermi energies $E_{F}$ in BLG. Using the Bogoliubov-deGennes equations and the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism we derive analytical expressions for the differential conductance across the BLG/SC interface. We find a characteristic signature of the cross-over from intra-band retro- (high $E_{F}$) to inter-band specular (low $E_{F}$) ARs, that manifests itself in a strongly suppressed interfacial conductance when the excitation energy $|\varepsilon |=|E_{F}|
Development of InxSey Buffer Layers for Application in CdTe Based Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Madugu, M.L.
name: Bingham, P.A.
name: Salim, H.I.
name: Olusola, O.I.
name: Dharmadasa, I.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1847-1851
description: Indium selenide (InxSey) thin films have been grown and characterised for incorporation as buffer layers in the FTO/CdS interface of CdS/CdTe solar cells. This is to test its suitability in avoiding pinholes by covering the glass/FTO surface to remove shorting of devices. Buffer layers are generally integrated as inter-layers to improve thin film solar cell device parameters for efficient solar energy conversion. The films were grown using electrodeposition and were characterised using a wide range of analytical techniques. The prepared films show amorphous behaviour even after heat-treatment and have good adhesion to the glass/FTO substrates. The films show p-type in electrical conduction in both as-deposited and heat-treated forms with bandaps in the range of 1.80 - 1.90 eV. Preliminary devices integrating InxSey as a buffer layer in glass/FTO/InxSey/CdS/CdTe/Au structure show encouraging device parameters (Voc, Jsc, and FF). The other two layers used, CdS and CdTe are also grown using electrodeposition in an aqueous medium. The results of characterisation and device fabrication will be discussed in this paper.
Volatile organic compounds as metabolic markers in bacterial and phage systems
Creators: name: Takteek, Toraia M. M.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Clostridium difficile and Staphylococcus aureus are dangerous known to cause major illness and mortality globally. Bacteriophages, or phages for short, have been used to treat bacterial infections such as the C. difficile strains R20291 and ATT. Metals such as copper, arsenic and cadmium can also be antimicrobial because these metals become toxic in excessive amounts. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are produced by bacteria during their various metabolic processes. These VOCs can potentially be used as biomarkers for the detection and diagnosis of bacterial infections. Environmental stress, such as exposure to phages and metals, can modify the metabolic profiles of C. difficile and S. aureus, hence altering their VOC production. In terms of VOC production, the effects of phages and metals on the metabolic pathways of C. difficile and S. aureus have not yet been investigated, as far as we know. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate the metabolic profiles of C. difficile strains, the effect of certain phages on these strains, and the effect of the metals Cu, As, and Cd on S. aureus in terms of changing VOC production. Proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS) was used to determine the metabolic pathway via detection of the VOCs released from the C. difficile strains, R20291, which leads to higher morbidity and mortality, and the ATT strain during their growth states. Furthermore, the effect of different phages on the alteration of metabolic pathways of the C. difficile strains R20291 and ATT in terms of VOC production was additionally examined. Solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPEM-GC-MS) is used to investigate the changes in metabolic pathways in S. aureus cultures with and without subinhibitory concentrations of Cu, As, and Cd via measuring VOC abundances. Overall, the results indicate that the two C. difficile strains, R20291 and ATT, have distinct metabolic pathways based on the abundance of VOCs, which was determined to be greater in R20291, and this divergence may be attributed to genetic variation resulting in distinct active metabolic pathways. The results of the study show that the different phages have different effects on the alteration of metabolic pathways through the reduction of VOC abundance in infected C. difficile cultures. In comparison to a control, S. aureus treated with subinhibitory concentrations of copper, arsenic, and cadmium was shown to have lower abundances of nine, ten, and fourteen VOCs, respectively, where copper has the least impact on bacterial growth and cadmium has the greatest. In conclusion, the study has provided evidence that phages and metals can lead to alterations in the metabolic pathways of bacteria that, in general, result in a reduction in VOC abundances. Amino acids catabolism, TCA cycle pathways, and pyruvate pathways are three potential pathways that are impacted by phages and metals.
Fabrication and Characterization of Molybdenum/Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide (CZTS)/Aluminum Thin Film Structures
Creators: name: El Kissani, A.
name: Nkhaili, L.
name: Elassali, K.
name: Outzourhit, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1857-1859
description: Recently, the quaternary semiconducting compound Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide (CZTS) has received increasing attention for applications in thin film solar cells because it offers optical and electronic properties that are comparable to those of the I-II-VI2 materials (CIGS for example) while being composed of abundant and non-toxic elements. In this work CZTS thin films were prepared by the sol-gel process followed by spin coating on Mo-coated glass substrates. The precursor solution consisted of CuCl2 (2M); ZnCl2 (1.4M) ; SnCl2 (1.3M) ; thiourea (8M) in a mixture of 70% Ethanol and 30% water. The solution was stirred at ambient temperature for 10 minutes. The CZTS thin films were then deposited from the as-prepared solution at a spinning speed of 4000 rpm for 30 s, followed by heat treatment at temperature of 90°C to 110°C in ambient air. This procedure was repeated three times and each time the film was cooled before the next layer was deposited. The final films were then annealed at 400 to 500°C in an argon atmosphere and in the absence of sulfur.
X-ray Diffraction (XRD) studies revealed that the as-deposited films and those annealed in an Ar atmosphere, present the (112), (220), and (312) diffraction peaks that are characteristic of the kësterite phase. The Schottky barrier type structures were completed by depositing Al dots on the annealed CZTS films by thermal evaporation at a vacuum of 4x10-6 mbar. The I-V characteristics these structures showed a rectifying behavior. In addition, both their conductance and capacitance varied with applied voltage and frequency. These measurements are used to analyze and discuss the current transport mechanisms in these structures.
The Impact of Metal Precursor on ZnS Formation in Zn-Rich Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Chen, J.
name: Li, W.
name: Yan, C.
name: Liu, F.
name: Song, N.
name: Huang, S.
name: Hao, X.
name: Green, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1869-1871
description: Recent studies on Zn-rich Cu-poor kesterite solar cells have shown phenomenon of ZnS position-sensitive device performance. Therefore, investigating the influence of ZnS segregation position on Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) cell performance and controlling ZnS distribution would provide a route to further improve CZTS efficiency. In this work, two metal precursor structures, namely Zn/Cu/Sn and Zn/(Cu&Sn), were studied in making CZTS thin film solar cells. After sulfurization, it is notable that ZnS distribution within the CZTS absorber is highly dependent on the layer stacking order of metal precursor but independent on Zn content. A control method of ZnS distribution by applying specific precursor structure is therefore available. Finally working CZTS solar cells were manufactured from these fabricated CZTS absorbers. Photovoltaic characterisation revealed that ZnS on the back of absorber is detrimental to short-circuit current.
Fano resonances can provide two criteria to distinguish Majorana bound states from other candidates in experiments
Creators: name: Xiong, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are still debates on whether the observed zero energy peak in the experiment by Stevan {\it et al.} [Science 346, 602(2014)] reveals the existence of the long pursuing Majorana bound states (MBS). we propose that, by mounting two scanning tunneling microscopic tips on top of the topological superconducting chain and measure the transmission spectrum between these two metallic tips, there are two kinds of characteristics on the spectrum that are caused by MBS uniquely. One is symmetric peaks with respect to zero energy and the other is $4π$ period caused by a nearby Josephson junction. The former refers to the fact that MBS are composited by Majorana fermions which distributed in the particle and hole subspaces equally. The latter is based on the well known $4π$ period of Josephson effect in topological superconductor. We think such two characteristics can be used as criteria to distinguish MBS from other candidates, such as impurities, Kondo effect and traditional Andreev bound states.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Rhinolophus acuminatus Peters 1871
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus acuminatus

description: Rhinolophus acuminatus Peters, 1871. Monatsb. K. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1871:308. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, Java. DISTRIBUTION: Borneo, Sumatra (including Nias and Engano Isis), Java, Lombok, and Bali (Indonesia), Palawan (Philippines), Thailand, Laos, Cambodia. SYNONYMS: audax, calypso, circe, sumatranus.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 163, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Controlling the motional quality factor of a diamagnetically levitated graphite plate
Creators: name: Romagnoli, Priscila
name: Lecamwasam, Ruvi
name: Tian, Shilu
name: Downes, James
name: Twamley, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Researchers seek methods to levitate matter for a wide variety of purposes, ranging from exploring fundamental problems in science, through to developing new sensors and mechanical actuators. Many levitation techniques require active driving and most can only be applied to objects smaller than a few micrometers. Diamagnetic levitation has the strong advantage of being the only form of levitation which is passive, requiring no energy input, while also supporting massive objects. Known diamagnetic materials which are electrical insulators are only weakly diamagnetic, and require large magnetic field gradients to levitate. Strong diamagnetic materials which are electrical conductors, such as graphite, exhibit eddy damping, restricting motional freedom and reducing their potential for sensing applications. In this work we describe a method to engineer the eddy damping while retaining the force characteristics provided by the diamagnetic material. We study, both experimentally and theoretically, the motional damping of a magnetically levitated graphite plate in high vacuum and demonstrate that one can control the eddy damping by patterning the plate with through-slots which interrupt the eddy currents. We find we can control the motional quality factor over a wide range with excellent agreement between the experiment and numerical simulations.
description: 7 pages main + 4 supplementary
Modulation Spectroscopy as a Probe of Surface Electric Field in CdTe Solar Cells
Creators: name: Delahoy, A.E.
name: Cheng, Z.
name: Chin, K.K.
name: Peng, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1860-1864
description: Modulation spectroscopy has been performed near room temperature on superstrate CdS/CdTe solar cells prepared by close-spaced sublimation. The purpose of the work is to develop optical characterization techniques for finished devices that are largely unaffected by possible localized electrical defects in the device. Photoreflectance (PR) measurements were conducted near the CdTe E0 band edge using a variable-wavelength probe beam in conjunction with a chopped pump beam from a HeNe laser. From the observed PR spectrum it can be inferred that the band gap of the active material near the junction is 1.46 eV. This is smaller than for pure CdTe (1.51 eV), and represents the gap of CdTe1-xSx. It was further found that the envelope function is a strong function of cell bias, and hence of both the strength and extent of the electric field in the surface space charge region. The PR spectrum was found to shift to lower energies with increasing cell temperature with a temperature coefficient of -0.31 meV/K. A fit to the PR spectrum was made using two third-derivative, low-field lineshapes. It is concluded that photoreflectance spectroscopy offers a powerful method of assessing the semiconductor band gap, alloying, and the space charge region in thin-film solar cells.
Voltammetry of metal alloy in molten chloride salt (Electrochemical Potential of Haynes 230 alloy)
Creators: name: Testo, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: As a both a heat-transfer fluid (HTF) and an efficient heat storage media for thermal energy storage (TES) in concentrated solar power (CSP) application, molten salts represent an environmental initiative of improving the the output efficiency of renewable energy solutions. Concurrent and progressive use of molten salt technology implicates the necessity to profile and analyze notable characteristics of commercially available molten salts (González-Roubaud et al. 2017). Molten salt technology is capable of dissociating impurities from industrial-grade metal alloys producing non-ferrous metals, suggesting the potential for corrosion in thermal energy transport systems, such as in TES and CSP (Hoglund 2007). Ding and others (2017) propose the active analysis of electrochemical potential in molten salts and suggest that control of corrosive oxide/hydroxide impurities can reduce the corrosive effect of molten salt mixtures.
description: {"references": ["Gonz\u00e1lez-Roubaud, E., P\u00e9rez-Osorio, D., & Prieto, C. (2017). Review of commercial thermal energy storage in concentrated solar power plants: Steam vs. molten salts. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 80, 133-148. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.084", "Hoglund, B. (n.d.) (1998). What is Molten Salt. Retrieved February 15, 2018, from http://moltensalt.org/whatIsMoltenSalt.html A reference for energy related, molten salt technologies.", "Ding, W., Bonk, A., Gussone, J., & Bauer, T. (2017). Cyclic Voltammetry for Monitoring Corrosive Impurities in Molten Chlorides for Thermal Energy Storage. Energy Procedia, 135, 82-91. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.09.489"]}
Self-immolation :the experience of the Burns Unit at the Alfred Hospital
Creators: name: Kemp, Melinda.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Rhinolophus adami Aellen and Brosset 1968
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus adami

description: Rhinolophus adami Aellen and Brosset, 1968. Rev. Suisse Zool., 75:443. TYPE LOCALITY: Congo Republic, Kouilou. DISTRIBUTION: Congo Republic.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 163, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Magnetic field amplification by collisionless shocks in partially ionized plasmas
Creators: name: Ohira, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study shock structures of collisionless shocks in partially ionized plasmas by means of two-dimensional hybrid simulations, where the shock is a perpendicular shock with shock velocity Vsh ~ 40 Va ~ 1333 km/s and the upstream ionization fraction is 0.5. We find that large density fluctuations and large magnetic fields fluctuations are generated both in the upstream and downstream regions. In addition, we find that the velocity distribution of downstream hydrogen atoms has three components. Observed shock structures suggest that diffusive shock acceleration can operate at perpendicular shocks propagating into partially ionized plasmas in real three-dimensional systems.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
MCL-1 promiscuity and the structural resilience of its binding partners
Creators: name: Heckmeier, Philipp J.
name: Ruf, Jeannette
name: Janković, Brankica G.
name: Hamm, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MCL-1 and its natural inhibitors, the BH3-only proteins PUMA, BIM, and NOXA regulate apoptosis by interacting promiscuously within an entangled binding network. Little is known about the transient processes and dynamic conformational fluctuations that are the basis for the formation and stability of the MCL-1/BH3-only complex. In this study, we designed photoswitchable versions of MCL-1/PUMA and MCL-1/NOXA, and investigated the protein response after an ultrafast photo-perturbation with transient infrared spectroscopy. We observed partial $α$-helical unfolding in all cases, albeit on strongly varying timescales (1.6~ns for PUMA, 9.7~ns for the previously studied BIM, and 85~ns for NOXA). These differences are interpreted as a BH3-only-specific "structural resilience" to defy the perturbation while remaining in MCL-1's binding pocket. Thus, the presented insights could help to better understand the differences between PUMA, BIM, and NOXA, the promiscuity of MCL-1 in general, and the role of the proteins in the apoptotic network.
On the precision of a data-driven estimate of hadronic light-by-light scattering in the muon g-2: pseudoscalar-pole contribution
Creators: name: Nyffeler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evaluation of the numerically dominant pseudoscalar-pole contribution to hadronic light-by-light scattering in the muon g-2 involves the pseudoscalar-photon transition form factor F_{P gamma^* gamma^*}(-Q_1^2, -Q_2^2) with P = pi^0, eta, eta^\prime and, in general, two off-shell photons with spacelike momenta Q_{1,2}^2. We show, in a largely model-independent way, that for pi^0 (eta, eta^\prime) the region of photon momenta below about 1 (1.5) GeV gives the main contribution to hadronic light-by-light scattering. We then discuss how the precision of current and future measurements of the single- and double-virtual transition form factor in different momentum regions impacts the precision of a data-driven estimate of this contribution to hadronic light-by-light scattering. Based on Monte Carlo simulations for a planned first measurement of the double-virtual form factor at BESIII, we find that for the pi^0, eta, eta^\prime-pole contributions a precision of 14\%, 23\%, 15\% seems feasible. Further improvements can be expected from other experimental data and also from the use of dispersion relations for the different form factors themselves.
description: 50 pages, 21 figures, 8 tables
Synthesis of CZTS Nanocrystals and Transformation into CZTSE by Hot Injection of Selenium
Creators: name: Engberg, S.
name: Li, Z.
name: Lek, J.Y.
name: Lam, Y.M.
name: Schou, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1844-1846
description: In this work, we present an alternative route to synthesize Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) and Cu2ZnSnSe4 (CZTSe)
nanocrystals in controlled proportions. Initially, CZTS nanocrystals are formed through a hot-injection method with
oleylamine as the solvent. Thereafter, selenium dissolved in TOP (trioctylphosphine) is injected and a transformation
from CZTS to CZTSe is observed to occur. Here we present a demonstration that the transformation is possible, a first
view on how the morphology of the nanoparticles changes, and our results from optimizing the conversion ratio with
respect to temperature. Our X-ray diffraction pattern proves that liquid conversion from CZTS to CZTSe is possible, and
from transmission electron micrographs we see that the CZTSe particles are significantly larger than the CZTS
nanoparticles prepared under equivalent conditions. Finally, we find that increasing the temperature results in a larger
amount of conversion from CZTS to CZTSe after a fixed amount of time.
The role of Eg5 in EML4-ALK driven lung cancer
Creators: name: Pashley, Sarah L.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: EML4-ALK fusions are found in approximately 5% of lung cancer patients. Multiple variants of the EML4-ALK fusion exist due to alternate breakpoints in the EML4 gene. EML4-ALK variant 3 (V3) is a significant clinical risk factor being associated with accelerated metastasis, heightened resistance to ALK inhibitor treatment and worse survival rates compared to other common variants, such as V1. Interestingly, EML4-ALK V3 but not V1 binds interphase microtubules. Cells expressing EML4-ALK V3 display a more mesenchymal-like morphology and exhibit enhanced migration. These phenotypic changes rely on EML4-ALK V3 interaction and activation of the NEK9 and NEK7 kinases. However, the downstream substrates of this pathway and how they contribute to oncogenic progression remain unclear. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that the mitotic kinesin, Eg5, is a downstream substrate of the EML4-ALK V3:NEK9:NEK7 pathway. NEK7 is known to phosphorylate Eg5 to promote centrosome separation in mitosis and dendrite extension in post-mitotic neurons. Strikingly, we found that in proliferating cells, Eg5 is recruited to interphase microtubules in cells expressing EML4-ALK V3 but not V1. Furthermore, this recruitment was reduced upon depletion of NEK7 from V3 cells. The mesenchymal morphology of V3 cells was also lost upon chemical inhibition of Eg5 or expression of a phosphonull-Eg5 mutant. We therefore propose that Eg5 is a downstream substrate of the EML4-ALK V3:NEK9:NEK7 pathway that contributes to microtubule-dependent morphological changes in cells expressing V3. We also investigated whether EML4-ALK V3 has a role at the centrosome based on recent published findings that cells expressing V3 exhibit centrosome amplification and enhanced microtubule nucleation. Strikingly, we found EML4-ALK V3 but not V1 co-localised with interphase centrosomes but that this was not associated with recruitment of Eg5. Together, our data provide new mechanistic insights that reveal novel therapeutic opportunities for treatment of lung cancer patients with EML4-ALK V3.
Psychological morbidity in general hospital inpatients and referral to a consultation
Creators: name: Clarke, David M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Optimisation of pH for Electrodeposition of n-CdSe Thin Films for Applications in Photovoltaic Devices
Creators: name: Olusola, O.I.
name: Patel, V.
name: Dharmadasa, I.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1852-1856
description: The potentiostatic electroplating of CdSe thin films on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)-coated glass substrates have been carried out at different pH values ranging from 1.50 to 3.00 of the electrolytic solution using a 2-electrode system. The optical, electrical, structural and morphological properties of the materials were characterised using optical absorption, photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The visual appearance of CdSe layers changes from black to reddish by gradual reduction of the acidity of the electrolyte. XRD studies revealed hexagonal structure with preferential orientation along the (002) plane. PEC study showed that the highest magnitude of PEC signals for CdSe films deposited on glass/FTO substrates occurred at pH = 2.50. The experimental results observed from GillAC computerised ACM potentiostat showed that the lowest average deposition current density occurred at pH = 2.50, thus suggesting the reason for the photovoltaic behaviour of glass/FTO/n-CdSe/Au structure under illumination condition when CdSe is grown at this pH. The studies carried out on optical absorption showed that the pH of the electrolyte affects the bandgap of the CdSe layers. The results of growth and characterisation of n-CdSe will be presented in this paper.
Epitaxial Growth of Cu2ZnSnS4 by Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtering
Creators: name: Song, N.
name: Hao, X.
name: Green, M.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1865-1868
description: The heteroepitaxy of tetragonal Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films on hexagonal sapphire (0001) and cubic ZnS single crystal substrates is successfully obtained by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. The effect of substrate temperature is investigated. The epitaxy relationships of the CZTS thin films and the substrates as well as the properties of as-sputtered epi-CZTS are also studied. The uniform epi-layers have an estimated band gap of about 1.51eV and an absorption coefficient in the order of 104 cm-1 in the visible region, suitable for solar cell application. Single target RF magnetron sputtering is promising for hetero-epitaxial growth of complex materials as well as for up-scaling fabrication of high quality absorber.
Rhinolophus affinis Horsfield 1823
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus affinis

description: Rhinolophus affinis Horsfield, 1823. Zool. Res. Java, 6, pl. figs, a, b. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, Java. DISTRIBUTION: India to S China through Malaysia to Borneo and Lesser Sunda Isis; Andaman Isis (India); perhaps Sri Lanka. SYNONYMS: andamanensis, hainanus, himalayanus, macrurus, nesites, princeps, superans, tener. COMMENTS: Includes andamanensis; see Sinha (1973:612-613).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 163, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Sinha, Y. P. 1973. Taxonomic studies on the Indian horseshoe bats of the genus Rhinolophus Lacepede. Mammalia, 37: 603 - 630."]}
Sums of Products of Riemann Zeta Tails
Creators: name: Hoffman, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M06, 11M32

description: A recent paper of Furdui and Valean proves some results about sums of products of "tails" of the series for the Riemann zeta function. We show how such results can be proved with weaker hypotheses using multiple zeta values, and also show how they can be generalized to products of three or more such tails.
description: 11 pp