Epiphragma (Epiphragma) amamiense Kato & Nakamura & Tachi 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kato, Daichi
name: Nakamura, Takeyuki
name: Tachi, Takuji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Limoniidae
Epiphragma
Epiphragma amamiense

description: Epiphragma (Epiphragma) amamiense sp. nov.
(Figs 1–7, 45)
Type material. HοLοΤYΡΕ: ♁ (BLKU), JAPAN: NΑΝ SEI I SLΑΝDS: AΜΑΜI I SLΑΝDS:KΑGO SΗIΜΑ: Amami Island, Setouchi-chô, Mt. Eboshi, Shinokawa, 3.x.2013, D. Kato (pinned, one hindleg missing).PΑ*R ΑΤYΡΕ S (6 ♁♁ 5 ♀♀): JAPAN: NΑΝ SEI I SLΑΝDS: AΜΑΜI I SLΑΝDS: KΑGO SΗIΜΑ: 2 ♁♁ 1 ♀, Amami Island, Setouchi-chô, Mt. Eboshi, Shinokawa, 3.x.2013, D. Kato (BLKU); 1 ♁ 1 ♀, Amami Island, Setouchi-chô, Mt. Yui-dake, 5.vii.2007, H. Makihara (BLKU); 3 ♁♁ 2 ♀♀, Tokunoshima Island, Tokunoshima-chô, Kedoku, Mt. Minada-yama, 30.ix.2013, D. Kato (BLKU); 1 ♀, Tokunoshima Island, Amagi-chô, Mikyo Path, 29.iv.1996, R. Matsumoto (SIHU).
Description. Male. Body length 7.8–9.7 mm. Wing length 8.0– 9.1 mm.
Head brown to dark brown with yellowish grey pruinescence; vertex widely darkened along central line, especially at middle; antenna with scape and pedicel dark brown, pedicel sometimes slightly yellowish; flagellomeres 1–2 orange-yellow, subsequent flagellomeres evenly darkened; palpus and mouth parts dark brown.
Thorax with mesonotum brown to dark brown, anterior end of mesonotum with darker area extending posteriorly and often narrowed into capillary line; lateral sides of prescutum darker, these dark areas extending posteromedially; pruinescence on mesonotum grey and weak, indistinct on anterior half and lateral sides in dorsal view; prescutum with four darker areas on posterior half, sometimes fused to one another; postsutural area largely darkened at middle, outer anterior edge of scutal lobe with small dark spot; scutellum dark brown; mediotergite dark brown with indistinctly paler band at middle; pleuron brown to dark brown variegated with darker areas and pruinescence. Legs with coxae and trochanters yellowish brown, fore coxa with dark area at middle, mid and hind coxae with dark area on lower half; femora, tibiae and tarsi yellow to yellowish brown, each femur with brown band near tip, 0.8–1.0 times as long as width of femur in specimens from Amami Is. and 3.2–4.0 times in those from Tokunoshima Is.; distal segments of tarsomeres slightly darker. Wing (Fig. 2) 3.7–4.5 times as long as wide, greyish subhyaline with dark brown markings, evenly darkened on costal regions, markings on other areas sometimes with darker margin; four adjacent circular markings present anterior to CuA, second circle enclosing origin of Rs, third circle enclosing around cord, fourth circle enclosing outer end of cell d, first and fourth circles smaller, markings inside second and third circles restricted on veins; cell sc often with small subhyaline spot at distal end; cell d with two subhyaline areas on inner and outer sides; spots at tips of veins near wing tip usually fused at bases with adjacent ones, except for one at tip of R 2; variation of development of wing marking small in same locality. Halter dark brown, apex of knob and base of stem yellowish.
Abdomen brown, lateral margins of tergites and sternites darker, posterior margin of each segment paler with weak grey pruinescence, widened laterally on tergites; abdominal segments 5–8 darkened, sternites 1–4 paler than tergites 1–4. Male genitalia (Fig. 3) with tergite 9 bearing pair of rounded median lobes at posterior margin, bases of lobes somewhat separated; sternite 9 flattened at caudal margin, without conical tubercle; gonocoxite paler brown; gonostyli large, about 1/2 length of gonocoxite; interbase (Fig. 4) with rod short, not reaching distal end of aedeagus, slightly curved dorsally in whole length, tapered toward tip; base of interbase about as long as rod.
Female. Body length 8.7–11.0 mm. Wing length 8.0– 9.1 mm. Generally resembling male except for terminalia.
Ovipositor with sternite 8 (Fig. 5) bearing linear apodeme on lateral side of posterior half; when viewed ventrally, sternite 8 excluding hypogynial valve usually slightly shorter than wide, with dark markings on anterior half of lateral margin, and with pair of bacilliform dark markings near base of hypogynial valve, about twice as long as wide in specimens from Amami Is. and more than four times in those from Tokunoshima Is.; furca (Fig. 6) forked near middle, widest at sinuous posterior part, anterior plate slightly narrowed toward and rounded at anterior end, in specimens from Tokunoshima Is. anterior part wider and weakly sclerotized on lateral part; sternite 10 (Fig. 7) largely roughly squarish, weakly trilobed at posterior margin, middle lobe wider than lateral ones.
Etymology. This species is named after the type locality, Amami Islands; adjective.
Distribution. Japan, Nansei Islands, Amami Islands (Fig. 45).
Remarks. This new species is somewhat similar to Epiphragma mediale Mao & Yang, 2009 from China in regard to wing markings and the shape of male genitalia, but is differentiated from them by the following characters: each femur with one short band (two bands in E. mediale); male genitalia with rod of interbase almost straight in whole length (bent near tip in E. mediale).
description: Published as part of Kato, Daichi, Nakamura, Takeyuki & Tachi, Takuji, 2020, Taxonomic study of the genus Epiphragma of Japan (Diptera: Limoniidae), pp. 449-461 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (2) on pages 450-452, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.29, http://zenodo.org/record/4489408