cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vacuum Energy in Non-Supersymmetric Quasi-Realistic Heterotic-String Vacua with Fixed Moduli
Creators: name: Basaad, Eman
name: Detraux, Luke A.
name: Avalos, Alonzo R. Diaz
name: Faraggi, Alon E.
name: Percival, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Baykara, Tarazi and Vafa discussed the existence of quasicrystalline string vacua that contain a single neutral moduli, the dilaton, and studied compactifications of the non-supersymmetric $SO(16)\times SO(16)$ heterotic-string on these spaces. We discuss a specific class of quasi-realistic string vacua with similar properties that has been known since the late eighties and analyse the vacuum energy in several non-supersymmetric examples that correspond to compactifications of tachyon free ten dimensional vacua as well as compactifications of tachyonic ten dimensional vacua. Our analysis uses the Free Fermionic Formalism of the heterotic-string in four dimensions and employs asymmetric boundary conditions that project all the geometrical moduli by Generalised GSO projections. This methodology produces models with both positive and negative spacetime potential at one-loop.
description: 33 pages, 0 figures
title: Modellierung von Erosionsszenarien zur Ableitung von Erosionsschutzkonzepten im Energiepflanzenanbau
Creators: name: Panten, Kerstin
name: Bloem, Elke
name: Koch, Tobias
Publisher: name: Bundesbehörden und Einrichtungen im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Flyer aus dem JKI
Weak field deflection angle and analytical parameter estimation of the Lorentz-violating Bumblebee parameter through the black hole shadow using EHT data
Creators: name: Lambiase, Gaetano
name: Pantig, Reggie C.
name: Övgün, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explored how the Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter $\ell$ affects the Reissner-Nordstöm BH solution in the context of weak field deflection angle, and the black hole shadow. We aim to derive the general expression for the weak deflection angle using the non-asymptotic version of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, and we presented a way to simplify the calculations under the assumption that the distance of the source and the receiver are the same. \textcolor{black}{Through the Solar System test, $\ell$ is constrained from around $-10^{-9}$ orders of magnitude to $0$, implying challenging detection of $\ell$ through the deflection of light rays from the Sun.} We also studied the black hole shadow in an analytic way, where we applied the EHT results under the far approximation in obtaining an estimate expression for $\ell$. Using the realistic values of the black hole mass and observer distance for Sgr. A* and M87*, it was shown that $M/r_{\rm o} \neq 1$ is satisfied, implying the relevance and potential promise of the spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking parameter's role on the shadow radius uncertainties as measured by the EHT. \textcolor{black}{We find constraints for $\ell$ to be negatively valued, where the upper and lower bounds are $\sim -1.94$ and $\sim -2.04$, respectively.
description: 7 pages. Published version
Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis on a bubble universe nucleated in Kerr-AdS$_5$ Black Hole
Creators: name: Dohi, Akira
name: Koga, Issei
name: Ueda, Kazushige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) simulation with a bubble universe scenario around a rotating black hole (BH) in Kerr-AdS$_5$ spacetime to explain recently updated observations of light elements such as the primordial helium abundance. In this scenario, the geometry of the 4D-early Universe is described as a vacuum bubble that undergoes quasi-de Sitter expansion in Kerr-AdS$_5$ spacetime. We find that the BH mass and spin parameter, which show an anti-correlation against the total radiation, are important to resolve the ${}^4{\rm He}$ anomaly. The present results provide clues to finding a connection between the observed results of light-element nucleosynthesis and the scenario of the 4D-bubble universe in AdS$_5$ spacetimes.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, accepted by PRD
Quantitative and Qualitative Trade-Off Analysis of Drowsy Driver Detection Methods: Single Electrode Wearable EEG Device, Multi-Electrode Wearable EEG Device, and Head-Mounted Gyroscope
Creators: name: Chen, Emily
name: Durairaj, Dafydd
name: Hew, Bohr
name: Hoppel, Mark
name: Huang, Paula
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2016
Subjects: drowsy driver
Gemstone Team umdRoute
EEG headsets
detection devices

description: Drowsy driving impairs motorists’ ability to operate vehicles safely, endangering both the drivers and other people on the road. The purpose of the project is to find the most effective wearable device to detect drowsiness. Existing research has demonstrated several options for drowsiness detection, such as electroencephalogram (EEG) brain wave measurement, eye tracking, head motions, and lane deviations. However, there are no detailed trade-off analyses for the cost, accuracy, detection time, and ergonomics of these methods. We chose to use two different EEG headsets: NeuroSky Mindwave Mobile (single-electrode) and Emotiv EPOC (14- electrode). We also tested a camera and gyroscope-accelerometer device. We can successfully determine drowsiness after five minutes of training using both single and multi-electrode EEGs. Devices were evaluated using the following criteria: time needed to achieve accurate reading, accuracy of prediction, rate of false positives vs. false negatives, and ergonomics and portability. This research will help improve detection devices, and reduce the number of future accidents due to drowsy driving.
Insulator-Metal Transition and Magnetic Crossover in Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Amarnath
name: Rodin, Aleksandr
name: Adam, Shaffique
name: Vignale, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In-plane magnetic fields offer a relatively unexplored opportunity to alter the band structure of stacks of 2D materials so that they exhibit desired physical properties. Here we show that an in-plane magnetic field combined with a transverse electric field can induce an insulator-metal (IM) transition in bilayer graphene. Our study of the magnetic response reveals that the orbital magnetic susceptibility changes from diamagnetic to paramagnetic around the transition point. We discuss several strategies to observe the IM transition, switch the diamagnetism, and more generally control the band structure of stacked 2D materials at experimentally accessible magnetic fields.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Supplementary document for Effect of Inactivating RNA Viruses by Coupled UVC and UVA LEDs Evaluated by a Viral Surrogate Commonly Used as A Genetic Vector - 5964624.pdf
Creators: name: Zhao, Yun
name: Dong, Jianfei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary 1
On Gravity Implication in the Wavefunction Collapse
Creators: name: Belhaj, A.
name: Ennadifi, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by an ontic view of the wavefunction in quantum mechanics and motivated by the universal interaction of gravity, we discuss a possible gravity implication in the state collapse mechanism. Concretely, we investigate the stability of the spatial superposition of a massive quantum state under the gravity effect. In this context, we argue that the stability of the spatially superposed state depends on its gravitational self-energy originating from the effective mass density distribution through the spatially localized eigenstates. We reveal that the gravitational self-interaction between the different spacetime curvatures created by the eigenstate effective masses leads to the reduction of the superposed state to one of the possible localized states. Among others, we discuss such a gravity-driven state reduction. Then, we approach the corresponding collapse time and the induced effective electric current in the case of a charged state, as well as the possible detection aspects.
description: 15 pages, 0 figure, Hand-conducted work, Authors in alphabetical order
Explicit Contact Optimization in Whole-Body Contact-Rich Manipulation
Creators: name: Leve, Victor
name: Moura, João
name: Saito, Namiko
name: Tonneau, Steve
name: Vijayakumar, Sethu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Humans can exploit contacts anywhere on their body surface to manipulate large and heavy items, objects normally out of reach or multiple objects at once. However, such manipulation through contacts using the whole surface of the body remains extremely challenging to achieve on robots. This can be labelled as Whole-Body Contact-Rich Manipulation (WBCRM) problem. In addition to the high-dimensionality of the Contact-Rich Manipulation problem due to the combinatorics of contact modes, admitting contact creation anywhere on the body surface adds complexity, which hinders planning of manipulation within a reasonable time. We address this computational problem by formulating the contact and motion planning of planar WBCRM as hierarchical continuous optimization problems. To enable this formulation, we propose a novel continuous explicit representation of the robot surface, that we believe to be foundational for future research using continuous optimization for WBCRM. Our results demonstrate a significant improvement of convergence, planning time and feasibility - with, on the average, 99% less iterations and 96% reduction in time to find a solution over considered scenarios, without recourse to prone-to-failure trajectory refinement steps.
Modular Vehicle Routing Problem: Applications in Logistics
Creators: name: Zhou, Hang
name: Li, Yang
name: Ma, Chengyuan
name: Long, Keke
name: Li, Xiaopeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent studies and industry advancements indicate that modular vehicles (MVs) have the potential to enhance transportation systems through their ability to dock and split during a trip. Although various applications of MVs have been explored across different domains, their application in logistics remains underexplored. This study examines the use of MVs in cargo delivery to reduce total delivery costs. We model the delivery problem for MVs as a variant of the Vehicle Routing Problem, referred to as the Modular Vehicle Routing Problem (MVRP). In the MVRP, MVs can either serve customers independently or dock with other MVs to form a platoon, thereby reducing the average cost per unit. In this study, we mainly focus on two fundamental types of MVRPs, namely the capacitated MVRP and the MVRP with time windows. To address these problems, we first developed mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) models, which can be solved using commercial optimization solvers. Given the NP-hardness of this problem, we also designed a Tabu Search (TS) algorithm with a solution representation based on Gantt charts and a neighborhood structure tailored for the MVRP. Multi-start and shaking strategies were incorporated into the TS algorithm to escape local optima. Additionally, we explored other potential applications in logistics and discussed problem settings for three MVRP variants. Results from numerical experiments indicate that the proposed algorithm successfully identifies nearly all optimal solutions found by the MILP model in small-size benchmark instances, while also demonstrating good convergence speed in large-size benchmark instances. Comparative experiments show that the MVRP approach can reduce costs by approximately 5.6\% compared to traditional delivery methods. Sensitivity analyses reveal that improving the cost-saving capability of MV platooning can enhance overall benefits.
Astrophysical parameters associated to 'hot' stars in Gaia DR3
Creators: name: Frémat, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot stars, of spectral types O-, B-, and A-, represent a small fraction of the stars observed by the Gaia satellite. Their properties and the specifications of the on-board instruments make their identification challenging. In the Gaia DR3, 12, 104,577 targets have been assigned a temperature greater than 7500 K. It represents about 2.5 percent of the stars having an effective temperature value in the Gaia DR3 astrophysical parameters table. We review the results obtained by the Apsis modules, focusing on the effective temperature, surface gravity, interstellar extinction, and V sin i parameters.
description: Ecole Evry Schatzman 2023: Stellar physics with Gaia, https://ees2023.sciencesconf.org/?lang=en
MANEJO DE CELULITIS PRESEPTAL EN PACIENTE PEDIATRICO DESDE LA MEDICINA BIORREGULADORA
Creators: name: Cote Botero, Maria Alejandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420899
subject: Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine not elsewhere classified

description: La celulitis preseptal es una infección cutánea profunda que afecta las capas subcutáneas, caracterizada por la infamación del tejido conectivo interlobular₁₂ . Esta patología, generalmente causada por bacterias como Streptococcus pyogenes y Staphylococcus aureus, se presenta con eritema, edema, dolor y aumento de la temperatura en la región afectada, lo que puede derivar en complicaciones graves si no se trata de forma adecuada. Aunque el tratamiento convencional se basa en el uso de antibióticos y, en casos graves, drenaje quirúrgico, la creciente resistencia bacteriana y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos han impulsado la búsqueda de alternativas terapéuticas complementarias. ₃₄ La medicina biorreguladora surge como una opción integrativa que busca estimular la capacidad de autorregulación del organismo, promoviendo una respuesta inmune adaptativa y reduciendo los procesos infamatorios. Este enfoque terapéutico se basa en el uso de medicamentos de origen natural en dosis bajas, los cuales actúan sobre diferentes vías metabólicas e inmunológicas, facilitando la recuperación de los pacientes sin los efectos adversos típicos de los tratamientos farmacológicos convencionales. Este reporte de caso pediátrico documenta la evolución de un paciente con celulitis preseptal manejado mediante medicina biorreguladora, evaluando la respuesta clínica, la reducción de síntomas y los marcadores infamatorios a lo largo del tratamiento. Se discutirán las particularidades del abordaje biorregulador, destacando su impacto en la modulación del sistema inmune y la resolución de la infección. La fnalidad de este reporte es proporcionar evidencia clínica sobre el potencial de la medicina biorreguladora como alternativa o complemento en el manejo de infecciones cutáneas, especialmente en aquellos pacientes que buscan terapias menos invasivas o presentan contraindicación para antibióticos.
Emergent Topological Hall Effect in Fe-doped Monolayer WSe2
Creators: name: Fang, Mengqi
name: Chen, Siwei
name: Tang, Chunli
name: Tang, Zitao
name: Choi, Min-Yeong
name: Jang, Jae Hyuck
name: Chung, Hee-Suk
name: Nair, Maya Narayanan
name: Jin, Wencan
name: Yang, Eui-Hyeok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topological Hall effect (THE) has attracted great attention since it provides an important probe of the interaction between electron and topological spin textures. THE has been considered an experimental signature of the topological spin texture of skyrmions. While THE has been widely reported in chiral magnets, oxide heterostructures, and hybrid systems such as ferromagnet/heavy metal and ferromagnet/topological insulators, the study of monolayer structures is lacking, hindering the understanding of noncollinear spin textures at the atomically thin scale. Here, we show a discernible THE via proximity coupling of Fe-doped monolayer WSe2 (Fe:WSe2) synthesized using chemical vapor deposition on a Pt Hall bar. Multiple characterization methods were employed to demonstrate that Fe atoms substitutionally replace W atoms, making a two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) at room temperature. Distinct from the intrinsic anomalous Hall effect, we found the transverse Hall resistivity of Fe:WSe2 displaying two additional dip/peak features in the temperature-dependent measurements, consistent with the contribution of THE. The topological Hall effect is attributed to the magnetic skyrmions that emerge from the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions at the Fe:WSe2 and Pt interface. Our work shows that a DMS synthesized from 2D vdW transition metal dichalcogenides is promising for realizing magnetic skyrmions and spintronic applications.
The ParlaSpeech Collection of Automatically Generated Speech and Text Datasets from Parliamentary Proceedings
Creators: name: Ljubešić, Nikola
name: Rupnik, Peter
name: Koržinek, Danijel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent significant improvements in speech and language technologies come both from self-supervised approaches over raw language data as well as various types of explicit supervision. To ensure high-quality processing of spoken data, the most useful type of explicit supervision is still the alignment between the speech signal and its corresponding text transcript, which is a data type that is not available for many languages. In this paper, we present our approach to building large and open speech-and-text-aligned datasets of less-resourced languages based on transcripts of parliamentary proceedings and their recordings. Our starting point are the ParlaMint comparable corpora of transcripts of parliamentary proceedings of 26 national European parliaments. In the pilot run on expanding the ParlaMint corpora with aligned publicly available recordings, we focus on three Slavic languages, namely Croatian, Polish, and Serbian. The main challenge of our approach is the lack of any global alignment between the ParlaMint texts and the available recordings, as well as the sometimes varying data order in each of the modalities, which requires a novel approach in aligning long sequences of text and audio in a large search space. The results of this pilot run are three high-quality datasets that span more than 5,000 hours of speech and accompanying text transcripts. Although these datasets already make a huge difference in the availability of spoken and textual data for the three languages, we want to emphasize the potential of the presented approach in building similar datasets for many more languages.
description: Submitted to SPECOM 2024
Supplementary document for The synergy of electromagnetic effects and thermophysical properties of metals in the formation of laser induced periodic surface structures - 5964681.pdf
Creators: name: Giorgos, Tsibidis
name: Lingos, Panos
name: Stratakis, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Description of model and presentation of information that cannot be entered into the main document
Deep-learning real-time phase retrieval of imperfect diffraction patterns from X-ray free-electron lasers
Creators: name: Lee, Sung Yun
name: Cho, Do Hyung
name: Jung, Chulho
name: Sung, Daeho
name: Nam, Daewoong
name: Kim, Sangsoo
name: Song, Changyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 68T07

description: Machine learning is attracting surging interest across nearly all scientific areas by enabling the analysis of large datasets and the extraction of scientific information from incomplete data. Data-driven science is rapidly growing, especially in X-ray methodologies, where advanced light sources and detection technologies accumulate vast amounts of data that exceed meticulous human inspection capabilities. Despite the increasing demands, the full application of machine learning has been hindered by the need for data-specific optimizations. In this study, we introduce a new deep-learning-based phase retrieval method for imperfect diffraction data. This method provides robust phase retrieval for simulated data and performs well on weak-signal single-pulse diffraction data from X-ray free-electron lasers. Moreover, the method significantly reduces data processing time, facilitating real-time image reconstructions that are crucial for high-repetition-rate data acquisition. Thus, this approach offers a reliable solution to the phase problem and is expected to be widely adopted across various research areas.
Minimal Neural Network Models for Permutation Invariant Agents
Creators: name: Pedersen, Joachim Winther
name: Risi, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Organisms in nature have evolved to exhibit flexibility in face of changes to the environment and/or to themselves. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have proven useful for controlling of artificial agents acting in environments. However, most ANN models used for reinforcement learning-type tasks have a rigid structure that does not allow for varying input sizes. Further, they fail catastrophically if inputs are presented in an ordering unseen during optimization. We find that these two ANN inflexibilities can be mitigated and their solutions are simple and highly related. For permutation invariance, no optimized parameters can be tied to a specific index of the input elements. For size invariance, inputs must be projected onto a common space that does not grow with the number of projections. Based on these restrictions, we construct a conceptually simple model that exhibit flexibility most ANNs lack. We demonstrate the model's properties on multiple control problems, and show that it can cope with even very rapid permutations of input indices, as well as changes in input size. Ablation studies show that is possible to achieve these properties with simple feedforward structures, but that it is much easier to optimize recurrent structures.
Condensate decay in a radiation dominated cosmology
Creators: name: Cao, Shuyang
name: Boyanovsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the decay of a homogeneous condensate of a massive scalar field of mass \emph{m} into massless fields in thermal equilibrium in a radiation dominated cosmology. The model is a \emph{proxy} for the non-equilibrium dynamics of a misaligned axion condensate decaying into radiation. After consistent field quantization in the cosmological background, we obtain the causal equations of motion for a homogeneous condensate including the finite temperature self-energy corrections up to one loop. The dynamical renormalization group is implemented to obtain the time dependent relaxation rate that describes the decay dynamics of the condensate amplitude from stimulated emission and recombination of massless quanta in the medium. It is explicitly shown that a simple friction term in the equation of motion does not describe correctly the decay of the condensate. During the super-Hubble regime, relevant for ultralight dark matter, the condensate amplitude decays as $e^{-\frac{g^2}{10} t^2\,\ln(1/mt)}$. In the sub-Hubble regime the amplitude decays as $e^{-γ(t;T(t))/2}$ with $T(t)=T_0/a(t)$, therefore the finite temperature contribution to the decay rate vanishes fast during the expansion. A main conclusion is that a phenomenological friction term is inadequate to describe the decay in the super-Hubble regime, the decay function $γ(t)$ is always \emph{smaller} than that from a local friction term as a consequence of the cosmological expansion. For ultra light dark matter, the time scale during which transient dynamics is sensitive to cosmological expansion and a local friction term is inadequate, is much longer. A friction term always \emph{underestimates} the time scale of decay in the sub-Hubble case.
Peregrine solitons and resonant radiation in cubic and quadratic media
Creators: name: Caso-Huerta, Marcos
name: Bu, Lili
name: Chen, Shihua
name: Trillo, Stefano
name: Baronio, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 78A60, 35Q60, 35Q55, 35Q94, 35Q51

description: We present the fascinating phenomena of resonant radiation emitted by transient rogue waves in cubic and quadratic nonlinear media, particularly those shed from Peregrine solitons, one of the main wavepackets used today to model real-world rogue waves. In cubic media, it turns out that the emission of radiation from a Peregrine soliton can be attributed to the presence of higher-order dispersion, but is affected by the intrinsic local longitudinal variation of the soliton wavenumber. In quadratic media, we reveal that a two-color Peregrine rogue wave can resonantly radiate dispersive waves even in the absence of higher-order dispersion, subjected to a phase-matching mechanism that involves the second harmonic wave, and to a concomitant difference-frequency generation process. In both cubic and quadratic media, we provide simple analytic criteria for calculating the radiated frequencies in terms of material parameters, showing excellent agreement with numerical simulations.
Nonlinear diode effect and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in purely two-dimensional noncentrosymmetric superconductors
Creators: name: Nunchot, Naratip
name: Yanase, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase diagrams and electronic transport properties of the helical states in purely two-dimensional (2D) Rashba superconductors coupled with in-plane Zeeman fields are studied. The continuum XY action is derived microscopically by integrating out the Gaussian amplitude fluctuation from the effective action. We show that the superfluid stiffness obtained from this procedure is exactly equivalent to the second-order derivative of the mean-field free energy density with respect to Cooper pair momentum, indicating an essential role of the amplitude fluctuation. The vortex core energy is also included in this work, and its effects on the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition line are discussed. The theory of nonlinear V-I characteristics in purely 2D superconductors is also revised to incorporate recent developments in the theory of the superconducting diode effect. The main results are as follows. We find that the nonlinear V-I characteristics of the system become nonreciprocal in finite in-plane Zeeman fields. This is reminiscent of the superconducting diode effect in 2D systems, although the critical current is zero in purely 2D superconductors. Furthermore, we find that the bare effective superfluid stiffness along the BKT transition line has a local minimum at a certain temperature, and the nonreciprocity of the V-I characteristics is strongly enhanced around this temperature.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
METHODS OF TEACHING THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHEMISTRY
Creators: name: Зулхандерова, Назлымхан
name: Кабулова, Лола
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Chemistry is the science of the structure, properties and composition of substances. It studies both the processes of their transformation and the laws by which they are carried out. Man began to engage in activities based on the application of chemical processes long before our era. This happened at the time when people learnt to produce metals. Then the production of ceramics and glass, and the tanning of leather began to develop. Today, chemical plants and laboratories are widespread. Drying cabinets are widely used in them
A complete waveform comparison of post-Newtonian and numerical relativity in eccentric orbits
Creators: name: Wang, Hao
name: Zou, Yuan-Chuan
name: Wu, Qing-Wen
name: Liu, Xiaolin
name: Li, Zhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study presents a thorough comparative analysis between post-Newtonian (PN) and numerically relativistic (NR) waveforms in eccentric orbits, covering nonspinning and spin-aligned configurations. The comparison examines frequency, amplitude, and phase characteristics of various harmonic modes, such as 22, 21, 33, 32, 44, 43, and 55 modes. The study utilizes eccentric PN waveforms based on 3PN quasi-Keplerian parameterization with 3PN radiative reaction, surpassing Newtonian quadrupole moment with higher-order moments. NR waveforms from RIT and SXS catalogs span mass ratios from 1/4 to 1, eccentricities up to 0.45, and durations exceeding $17000M$ across nonspinning and spin-aligned configurations. Focusing on the 22 mode, frequency comparisons between quadrupole and higher-order moments of $Ψ_4^{22}$ and $h^{22}$ were conducted. Amplitude comparisons revealed superior accuracy in quadrupole moments of $Ψ_4^{22}$. Analysis of total 180 sets of eccentric waveforms showed increasing fitting residuals with rising eccentricity, correlating with smaller mass ratios. Comparisons of initial eccentricity from PN fitting, 3PN quasi-Keplerian parameterization, and RIT/SXS catalogs revealed alignment discrepancies. Frequency, phase, and amplitude comparisons of 22 modes showed consistent inspiral behavior between PN and NR, with divergences near merger for nonspinning PN and pre-200M for spin-aligned PN.
description: 18 figures
Oscillating Magnetized Color Superconducting Quark Stars
Creators: name: Celi, Marcos Osvaldo
name: Mariani, Mauro
name: Orsaria, Milva Gabriela
name: Tonetto, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main objective of this work is to study the structure, composition, and oscillation modes of color superconducting quark stars with intense magnetic fields. We adopted the MIT bag model within the color superconductivity CFL framework, and we included the effects of strong magnetic fields to construct the equation of state of stable quark matter. We calculated observable quantities, such as the mass, radius, frequency, and damping time of the oscillation fundamental $f$ mode of quark stars, taking into account current astrophysical constraints. The results obtained show that color superconducting magnetized quark stars satisfy the constraints imposed by the observations of massive pulsars and gravitational wave events. Furthermore, the quantities associated with the oscillation $f$ mode of these objects fit the universal relationships for compact objects. In the context of the new multi-messenger gravitational wave astronomy era and the future asteroseismology of neutron stars, we hope that our results contribute to the understanding of the behavior of dense matter and compact objects.
The Optical Depth of Foregrounds for the Highest Redshift 21 cm Signals
Creators: name: Seitova, Daniya
name: Pober, Jonathan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Foreground emission makes it difficult to detect the highly-redshifted cosmological 21 cm signal at any frequency. However, at low frequencies foregrounds are likely to become optically thick, which would make it completely impossible to see a 21 cm signal behind them. To find out which regions of the sky might be optically thick for the highest redshifts of the 21 cm signal, we fit the measurements from LWA1 and the Haslam 408 MHz map with a two-component spectral model and calculate the frequency-dependent foreground optical depth point-by-point across the sky. Limitations of the current data prevent us from making any strong conclusions at high statistical significance, but there is suggestive evidence ($\sim1σ$) that as much as 25% of the sky could be obscured for the highest redshift 21 cm signals.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, MNRAS
Growth of Sobolev norms for completely resonant quantum harmonic oscillators on $\mathbb{R}^2$
Creators: name: Langella, Beatrice
name: Maspero, Alberto
name: Rotolo, Maria Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider time dependently perturbed quantum harmonic oscillators in $\mathbb{R}^2$: $$ {\rm i} \partial_t u=\frac12(-\partial_{x_1}^2-\partial_{x_2}^2 + x_1^2+x_2^2)u +V(t, x, D)u, \qquad \ x \in \mathbb{R}^2, $$ where $V(t, x, D)$ is a selfadjoint pseudodifferential operator of degree zero, $2π$ periodic in time. We identify sufficient conditions on the principal symbol of the potential $V(t, x, D)$ that ensure existence of solutions exhibiting unbounded growth in time of their positive Sobolev norms and we show that the class of symbols satisfying such conditions is generic in the Fréchet space of classical $2π$- time periodic symbols of order zero. To prove our result we apply the abstract Theorem of arXiv:2101.09055v1 : the main difficulty is to find a conjugate operator $A$ for the resonant average of $V(t,x, D)$. We construct explicitly the symbol of the conjugate operator $A$, called escape function, combining techniques from microlocal analysis, dynamical systems and contact topology.
Complex plane rotation and commonalities in multidisciplinary exponential forms
Creators: name: Riedel, Bjørn Leon Søren
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This work reveals a unifying mathematical structure underlying diverse physical phenomena, from chemical kinetics (Arrhenius equation) and radioactive decay to quantum wavefunctions and thermodynamic equilibria. By recognizing these processes as manifestations of a common exponential form, \( n = X e^{\sqrt{T}(m)/(pT)} \) (where \( r = 1 \) or \( 2 \)) , we demonstrate that real and imaginary exponents correspond to rotations in the complex plane. Real exponents (e.g., \( e^{-E_a/RT} \)) describe decay or equilibria as degenerate rotations, while imaginary exponents (e.g. \( e^{i(kx-\omega t)} \)) represent oscillatory behavior. The derivative of this generalized form further highlights its universal applicability. This insight bridges disciplinary divides, offering a geometric interpretation of exponential laws and suggesting deeper connections across thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, and wave theory.
Many Field Packet Classification with Decomposition and Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Jamil, Hasibul
name: Yang, Ning
name: Weng, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2

description: Scalable packet classification is a key requirement to support scalable network applications like firewalls, intrusion detection, and differentiated services. With ever increasing in the line-rate in core networks, it becomes a great challenge to design a scalable packet classification solution using hand-tuned heuristics approaches. In this paper, we present a scalable learning-based packet classification engine by building an efficient data structure for different ruleset with many fields. Our method consists of the decomposition of fields into subsets and building separate decision trees on those subsets using a deep reinforcement learning procedure. To decompose given fields of a ruleset, we consider different grouping metrics like standard deviation of individual fields and introduce a novel metric called diversity index (DI). We examine different decomposition schemes and construct decision trees for each scheme using deep reinforcement learning and compare the results. The results show that the SD decomposition metrics results in 11.5% faster than DI metrics, 25% faster than random 2 and 40% faster than random 1. Furthermore, our learning-based selection method can be applied to varying rulesets due to its ruleset independence.
description: 13 pages, published in IET Netw. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1902.10319 by other authors
Light burden of memory: Constraining primordial black holes with high-energy neutrinos
Creators: name: Chianese, Marco
name: Boccia, Andrea
name: Iocco, Fabio
name: Miele, Gennaro
name: Saviano, Ninetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies point out that quantum effects, referred to as "memory burden", may slow down the evaporation of black holes. As a result, a population of light primordial black holes could potentially survive to the present day, thus contributing to the energy density of dark matter. In this work, we focus on light primordial black holes with masses $M_{\rm PBH} \lesssim 10^{9}~{\rm g}$ that, due to the memory burden effect, are currently evaporating, emitting high-energy particles, among which neutrinos, in the local Universe. Analyzing the latest IceCube data, we place novel constraints on the combined parameter space of primordial black holes and the memory burden effect. We also study the projected reach of future neutrino telescopes such as IceCube-Gen2 and GRAND. We find that the neutrino observations are crucial to probe scenarios with highly-suppressed evaporation and light masses for primordial black holes.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. v2: references added. v3: version published in PRD
CSA: Data-efficient Mapping of Unimodal Features to Multimodal Features
Creators: name: Li, Po-han
name: Chinchali, Sandeep P.
name: Topcu, Ufuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal encoders like CLIP excel in tasks such as zero-shot image classification and cross-modal retrieval. However, they require excessive training data. We propose canonical similarity analysis (CSA), which uses two unimodal encoders to replicate multimodal encoders using limited data. CSA maps unimodal features into a multimodal space, using a new similarity score to retain only the multimodal information. CSA only involves the inference of unimodal encoders and a cubic-complexity matrix decomposition, eliminating the need for extensive GPU-based model training. Experiments show that CSA outperforms CLIP while requiring $50,000\times$ fewer multimodal data pairs to bridge the modalities given pre-trained unimodal encoders on ImageNet classification and misinformative news caption detection. CSA surpasses the state-of-the-art method to map unimodal features to multimodal features. We also demonstrate the ability of CSA with modalities beyond image and text, paving the way for future modality pairs with limited paired multimodal data but abundant unpaired unimodal data, such as lidar and text.
Quantum Hall liquids in high-density QCD
Creators: name: Nishimura, Kentaro
name: Yamamoto, Naoki
name: Yokokura, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exist metastable domain walls of the flavor-singlet meson $η$ for the ${\rm U}(1)$ axial symmetry in two-flavor color superconductivity (2SC) in QCD at large baryon density. We show that, due to the coupling of $η$ to confined ${\rm SU}(2)$ gluons in the 2SC phase, the effective theory on the domain wall is described by the ${\rm SU}(2)_{-1}$ Chern-Simons theory, which is dual to the ${\rm U}(1)_{2}$ Chern-Simons theory. This theory has a spin-1 droplet excitation that does not carry a baryon number, which we identify as a vector meson. We also discuss the effective theories and baryonic droplet excitations on the domain walls of the flavor-singlet mesons in the superfluid phases of QCD at large isospin density and two-color QCD at large baryon density.
description: 13 pages; v2: minor revisions, published version
Cténoforos: Los portadores de peines
Creators: name: Simoes, Nuno
name: Puente-Tapia, Francisco Alejandro
name: Schiariti, Agustín
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ctenofora
subject: Taxonomy
subject: Marine biology
subject: Marine ecosystem
subject: Marine fauna
subject: Marine biota
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Marine biodiversity
subject: Marine biology
subject: Marine organism
subject: Ctenocephalides
subject: Ctenophora
subject: Ctenophora/classification
subject: Sea
subject: Ctenoforos
subject: Tentaculata
subject: Aulacoctena
subject: GBIF: 2501190
subject: Bioluminiscencia
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Biodiversity conservation

description: This poster is the product of the BDMY project (www.bdmy.org.mx), which was produced in collaboration with the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México and Kalanbio A.C (www.kalanbio.org).

The information in this poster was reviewed and validated by a group of taxon specialists.

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Revisiting the Galactic Winds in M82 II: Development of Multiphase Outflows in Simulations
Creators: name: Li, Xue-Fu
name: Zhu, Weishan
name: Wang, Tian-Rui
name: Feng, Long-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed a suit of three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations with a resolution of $\sim10$ parsecs to investigate the development of multiphase galactic wind in M82. The star formation and related feedback processes are solved self-consistently using a sink particle method, rather than relying on various assumptions that were used in previous studies. Our simulations produce a starburst event lasting around 25 Myr, which has a total stellar mass of 1.62 - 3.34 $\times 10^8\, \rm{M_{\odot}}$, consistent with observational estimates. The total injected supernova energy is between $1.14\times 10^{57}$ and $2.4\times 10^{57} \rm{erg}$. Supernova (SN) feedback heats portions of the cool gas in the central disc to warm and hot phases, and then drives the gas in all three phases out, eventually forming multiphase outflows. These outflows can replicate key properties of the winds observed in M82, such as morphology, mass outflow rate, and X-ray emission flux, provided the gas return from star-forming clumps to the interstellar medium is implemented appropriately. The maximum mass outflow rate of all gas (hot) is about 6-12 (2-3)$\rm{M_{\odot}/yr}$ at $r\sim4.0\,$ kpc, corresponding to a mass loading factor of 2-4. However, the outflow velocities in our simulations are slower than observational estimates by $\sim 20\%-60\%$. The gas return process significantly influences the outflow properties, while the initial gas distribution in the nuclear region has a moderate effect. However, our results face some challenges in achieving convergence as the resolution increases. We discuss potential improvements to address these issues in future work.
description: 30 pages, 19 figures. ApJ published
Supplementary document for Self-powered waveguide-integrated photodetector based on defect-engineered WSe2/Graphene heterojunction - 5964947.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Ruichang
name: liu, Guolei
name: Qiu, Feng
name: Tan, Yang
name: Chen, Feng
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary
Anharmonic Vibrational States of Double-Well Potentials in the Solid State from DFT Calculations
Creators: name: Mitoli, Davide
name: Petrov, Maria
name: Maul, Jefferson
name: Stoll, William B.
name: Ruggiero, Michael T.
name: Erba, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a general approach for the simulation of quantum vibrational states of (symmetric and asymmetric) double-well potentials in molecules and materials for thermodynamic and spectroscopic applications. The method involves solving the nuclear Schrödinger equation associated with a one-mode potential of the type $V (Q) = aQ^2 + bQ^3 + cQ^4$ (with $a < 0$ and $c > 0$), and thus explicitly includes nuclear quantum effects. The potential, $V (Q)$, is obtained from density functional theory (DFT) calculations performed at displaced nuclear configurations along the selected normal mode, $Q$. The strategy has been implemented into the CRYSTAL electronic structure package and allows for i) the use of many density functional approximations, including hybrid ones, and ii) integration with a quasi-harmonic module. The method is applied to the spectroscopic characterization of soft lattice modes in two phases of the molecular crystal of thiourea: a low-temperature ferroelectric phase and a high-temperature paraelectric phase. Signature peaks associated to structural changes between the two phases are found in the terahertz region of the electromagnetic spectrum, which exhibit strong anharmonic character in their thermal evolution, as measured by temperature-dependent terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.