cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Feature engineering and symbolic regression methods for detecting hidden physics from sparse sensors
Creators: name: Vaddireddy, Harsha
name: Rasheed, Adil
name: Staples, Anne E
name: San, Omer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we put forth a modular approach for distilling hidden flow physics in discrete and sparse observations. To address functional expressiblity, a key limitation of the black-box machine learning methods, we have exploited the use of symbolic regression as a principle for identifying relations and operators that are related to the underlying processes. This approach combines evolutionary computation with feature engineering to provide a tool to discover hidden parameterizations embedded in the trajectory of fluid flows in the Eulerian frame of reference. Our approach in this study mainly involves gene expression programming (GEP) and sequential threshold ridge regression (STRidge) algorithms. We demonstrate our results in three different applications: (i) equation discovery, (ii) truncation error analysis, and (iii) hidden physics discovery, for which we include both predicting unknown source terms from a set of sparse observations and discovering subgrid scale closure models. We illustrate that both GEP and STRidge algorithms are able to distill the Smagorinsky model from an array of tailored features in solving the Kraichnan turbulence problem. Our results demonstrate the huge potential of these techniques in complex physics problems, and reveal the importance of feature selection and feature engineering in model discovery approaches.
BloatLibD: Detecting Bloated Libraries in Java Applications
Creators: name: Kapur, Ritu
name: Agrim Dewan
name: Sodhi, Balwinder
name: Poojith U Rao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: Third-party libraries (TPLs) provide ready-made implementations of various software functionalities and are frequently used in software development. However, as software development progresses through various iterations, there often remains an unused set of TPLs referenced in the application’s distributable. These unused TPLs become a prominent source of software bloating and are responsible for excessive consumption of resources, such as CPU cycles, memory, and mobile devices’ battery-usage. Thus, the identification of such bloat-TPLs is essential. We present a rapid, storage-efficient, obfuscation-resilient method to detect the bloat-TPLs. Our approach’s novel aspects are i) Computing a vector representation of a .class file using a model that we call Jar2Vec. The Jar2Vec model is trained using the Paragraph Vector Algorithm. ii) Before using it for training the Jar2Vec models, a .class file is converted to a normalized form via semantics-preserving transformations. iii) A Bloated Library Detector (BloatLibD) developed and tested with 27 different Jar2Vec models. These models were trained using different parameters and >30000 .class files taken from >100 different Java libraries available at MavenCentral.com. BloatLibD achieves an accuracy of 99% with an F1 score of 0.968 and outperforms the existing tools, viz., LibScout, LiteRadar, and LibD with an accuracy improvement of 74.5%, 30.33%, and 14.1%, respectively. Compared with LibD, BloatLibD achieves a response time improvement of 61.37% and a storage reduction of 87.93%. Our program artifacts are available at https://bit.ly/2WFALXf.
A class of nonlocal truncations in Quantum Einstein Gravity and its renormalization group behavior
Creators: name: Reuter, M.
name: Saueressig, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the conjecture that the cosmological constant problem could be solved by strong quantum effects in the infrared we use the exact flow equation of Quantum Einstein Gravity to determine the renormalization group behavior of a class of nonlocal effective actions. They consist of the Einstein-Hilbert term and a general nonlinear function F(k, V) of the Euclidean space-time volume V. A partial differential equation governing its dependence on the scale k is derived and its fixed point is analyzed. For the more restrictive truncation of theory space where F(k, V) is of the form V+V ln V, V+V^2, and V+\sqrt{V}, respectively, the renormalization group equations for the running couplings are solved numerically. The results are used in order to determine the k-dependent curvature of the S^4-type Euclidean space-times which are solutions to the effective Einstein equations, i.e. stationary points of the scale dependent effective action. For the V+V ln V-invariant (discussed earlier by Taylor and Veneziano) we find that the renormalization group running enormously suppresses the value of the renormalized curvature which results from Planck-size bare parameters specified at the Planck scale. Hence one can obtain very large, almost flat universes without fine-tuning the cosmological constant.
description: 74 pages, 24 figures
Topological states in the Hofstadter model on a honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Karnaukhov, Igor N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: e provide a detailed analysis of a topological structure of a fermion spectrum in the Hofstadter model with different hopping integrals along the $x,y,z$-links ($t_x=t, t_y=t_z=1$), defined on a honeycomb lattice. We have shown that the chiral gapless edge modes are described in the framework of the generalized Kitaev chain formalism, which makes it possible to calculate the Hall conductance of subbands for different filling and an arbitrary magnetic flux $ϕ$. At half-filling the gap in the center of the fermion spectrum opens for $t>t_c=2^ϕ$, a quantum phase transition in the 2D-topological insulator state is realized at $t_c$. The phase state is characterized by zero energy Majorana states localized at the boundaries. Taking into account the on-site Coulomb repulsion $U$ (where $U<<1$), the criterion for the stability of a topological insulator state is calculated at $t<<1$, $t \sim U$. Thus, in the case of $ U > 4Δ$, the topological insulator state, which is determined by chiral gapless edge modes in the gap $Δ$, is destroyed.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Avant-propos à la thèse de Pape Mody Niang
Creators: name: CÉRÉdI
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: created: Pape Mody Niang
Impact of Improved Agro-techniques on Sustainable Livelihood Empowerment: An Economic Study from West Bengal
Creators: name: Mula, G.
name: Sarker, S.C.
name: Mula, G.
name: Sarker, S.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: cropping intensity
subject: diversification
subject: empowerment
subject: food security
subject: productivity
subject: sustainability
subject: livelihood
subject: West Bengal

description: The study has assessed the impact of viable technological interventions on food and livelihood security to the farmers of four selected disadvantaged districts, viz. Uttar Dinajpur, Dakshin Dinajpur, Malda and Murshidabad of West Bengal as a part of National Agricultural Innovation Project. The participatory and personal interview methods were followed to collect the information. The performance of the technological interventions was studied by following “Before-After” design. The cumulative effect of the technological packages like varietals replacement (VR), resource conservation technologies (RCTs), new crop sequencing (NCS), integrated farming system (IFS) increased the cropping intensity and augmented productivity for all major cereals (49.63%), oilseeds (43.02%), pulses (58.44%) and potato (23.85%), addressing the food insecurity issue of around 64.26 per cent farm families. The net effect resulted in higher return from the enterprises like crop, livestock, poultry, and aquaculture and value addition to the tune of 25.96 per cent, 86.04 per cent, 67.43 per cent, 45.59 per cent and 179.06 per cent, respectively and generating 27.19 per cent enhanced employment from different enterprises. Undoubtedly, the latest proven and economically viable technologies like RCT, VR, NCS, IFS and backyard poultry and goatery rearing have a good positive impact on food and nutritional security, leading to improvement of livelihood sustainability.
Evaluating the Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block as an Alternative Treatment Method to Alleviate Pain Associated with Primary Headache Disorders in the Emergency Department
Creators: name: Patel, Dilan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Headache
Pain medicine
Emergency medicine
Peripheral Nerve Blocks
Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
National Survey

description: Background: Current recommended treatment options for primary headache disorders are suboptimal in that effective pain relief is untimely and associated with side effects. Objective: The primary aim of this thesis was to evaluate the effectiveness and attitudes towards an alternative treatment option, the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block which belongs to a class of procedures known as peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs). Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis studying the effectiveness of PNBs for the treatment of primary headache disorders. We also conducted a national postal survey among Canadian emergency physicians to identify current practice patterns and perspectives on PNBs. Results: We found PNBs are effective for rapid pain relief compared to placebo at 15 minutes (MD = -1.17; 95% CI: -1.82 to -0.51) and 30 minutes (MD = -0.99; 95% CI: -1.66 to -0.32). Only 55.6% of physicians have experience with PNBs (95% CI: 0.48 to 0.65) and we discovered the SPG block is the least commonly practiced type of PNB; the majority of physicians believe these procedures are safe (85%) and effective (55.1%). A future trial is needed to compare the SPG block against standard treatment. Conclusion: The SPG block may be used as an adjunct therapy for faster effective pain relief. Current physicians would consider PNBs as a first-line alternative given evidence from a future trial. A future trial is needed to compare the SPG block against standard treatment.
Kristensenia secunda Gomez 2005, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Gómez, S.
name: Rocha, C. E. F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Hexanauplia
Harpacticoida
Darcythompsoniidae
Kristensenia
Kristensenia secunda

description: Kristensenia secunda Gómez sp. nov.
(Figures 1–7)
 Type material. One female holotype (EMUCOP-090301-185), one male allotype (EMUCOP-090301-31) and one male paratype (EMUCOP-090301-169) preserved in alcohol, and two male (EMUCOP-090301-187; EMUCOP-090301-188) and one female (EMUCOP-090301-186) dissected paratypes; collected on 9 March 2001; sandy and silty sediments; 0–3 cm deep into the sediment. Coll. Samuel Gómez.
description: Published as part of Gómez, S. & Rocha, C. E. F., 2005, A new species of Kristensenia Por, 1983 and a new record and illustrated supplementary description of Halicyclops hurlberti Rocha, 1991 from Mexico, pp. 133-152 in Journal of Natural History 39 (2) on page 135, DOI: 10.1080/00222930410001663320, http://zenodo.org/record/5214031
MOESM4 of Adoption, implementation and sustainability of school-based physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions in real-world settings: a systematic review
Creators: name: Cassar, Samuel
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Timperio, Anna
name: Patti-Jean Naylor
name: Nassau, Femke
name: Ayala, Ana Contardo
name: Koorts, Harriet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 4. Factors related to the sustainability of real-world, school-based interventions.
Design of van der Waals Interfaces for Broad-Spectrum Optoelectronics
Creators: name: Ubrig, Nicolas
name: Ponomarev, Evgeniy
name: Zultak, Johanna
name: Domaretskiy, Daniil
name: Zólyomi, Viktor
name: Terry, Daniel
name: Howarth, James
name: Gutiérrez-Lezama, Ignacio
name: Zhukov, Alexander
name: Kudrynskyi, Zakhar R.
name: Kovalyuk, Zakhar D.
name: Patanè, Amalia
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Gorbachev, Roman V.
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir I.
name: Morpurgo, Alberto F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Van der Waals (vdW) materials offer new ways to assemble artificial electronic media with properties controlled at the design stage, by combining atomically defined layers into interfaces and heterostructures. Their potential for optoelectronics stems from the possibility to tailor the spectral response over a broad range by exploiting interlayer transitions between different compounds with an appropriate band-edge alignment. For the interlayer transitions to be radiative, however, a serious challenge comes from details of the materials --such as lattice mismatch or even a small misalignment of the constituent layers-- that can drastically suppress the electron-photon coupling. The problem was evidenced in recent studies of heterostructures of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, whose band edges are located at the K-point of reciprocal space. Here we demonstrate experimentally that the solution to the interlayer coupling problem is to engineer type-II interfaces by assembling atomically thin crystals that have the bottom of the conduction band and the top of the valence band at the $Γ$-point, thus avoiding any momentum mismatch. We find that this type of vdW interfaces exhibits radiative optical transition irrespective of lattice constant, rotational/translational alignment of the two layers, or whether the constituent materials are direct or indirect gap semiconductors. The result, which is robust and of general validity, drastically broadens the scope of future optoelectronics device applications based on 2D materials.
Dark Matter and Rotation Curves of Stars in Galaxies
Creators: name: Schmutzer, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter accretion theory (around a central body) of the author on the basis of his 5-dimensional Projective Unified Field Theory (PUFT) is applied to the orbital motion of stars around the center of the Galaxy. The departure of the motion from Newtonian mechanics leads to approximately flat rotation curves being in rough accordance with the empirical facts. The spirality of the motion is investigated.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, LaTex
Cosmology of a brane radiating gravitons into the extra dimension
Creators: name: Langlois, David
name: Sorbo, Lorenzo
name: Rodriguez-Martinez, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in a self-consistent way the impact of the emission of bulk gravitons on the (homogeneous) cosmology of a three-brane embedded in a five-dimensional spacetime. In the low energy regime, we recover the well known result that the bulk affects the Friedmann equation only via a radiation-like term $\C/a^4$, called dark or Weyl radiation. By contrast, in the high energy regime, we find that the Weyl parameter $\C$ is no longer constant but instead grows very rapidly as $\C\propto a^4$. As a consequence, the value of $\C$ today is not a free parameter as usually considered but is a fixed number, which, generically, depends only on the number of relativistic degrees of freedom at the high/low energy transition. Our estimated amount of Weyl radiation satisfies the present nucleosynthesis bounds.
description: 12 pages
MOESM3 of Adoption, implementation and sustainability of school-based physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions in real-world settings: a systematic review
Creators: name: Cassar, Samuel
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Timperio, Anna
name: Patti-Jean Naylor
name: Nassau, Femke
name: Ayala, Ana Contardo
name: Koorts, Harriet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 3. Factors related to the implementation of real-world, school-based interventions.
Negotiating repect(ability). A transnational ethnography of Indonesian labor brokerage
Creators: name: Dinkelaker, Samia
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: labor brokerage state
subject: migration regime
subject: ethnographic regime analysis
subject: Indonesia
subject: migrant domestic workers
subject: respectability
subject: migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong
subject: 300 - Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
subject: 70.00 - Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines
subject: 73.06 - Ethnographie
subject: 89.99 - Politologie: Sonstiges

description: This dissertation studies how the Indonesian state facilitates the migration of its female citizens for employment as domestic workers in Hong Kong. Applying the research perspective of ethnographic migration and border regime analysis, I scrutinize the multiplicity of state and non-state practices in one of Asia’s major ‘labor brokerage’ countries. Building on a 12-month multi-sited ethnography in Indonesia and Hong Kong, the study sheds light on the desired and lived subjectivities of the workers and asks how these negotiate visions of national development and official expectations brought forward to them. Informed by Foucauldian, postcolonial, and feminist perspectives, I carve out how a variety of actors are invested in making Indonesia’s migrant domestic workers more respectable. I introduce the concept of respectability and situate official notions of the ‘ideal migrant’ in aspirations to modernize Indonesian brokerage on the one hand and in discourses that circle around national dignity on the other. I discuss respectability in light of the tensions inherent in labor brokerage. I show that in their subjective practices, migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong challenge official strivings for respectability, thus engaging in everyday politics from below that have repercussions on the Indonesian society. The dissertation extends earlier studies that highlight the role of gendered morality in disciplining migrant labor force. In addition, it incorporates notions of progressiveness and class distinction and points out that negotiations over migrants’ subjectivities are indicative of fundamental contestations over the self-conceptions of labor brokerage states. By examining a sending state in the Global South, it provides a global view and productively connects research on transnational migration in Asia with ethnographic migration and border regime analyses, which have hitherto mainly focused on European and North American border regimes. The dissertation gives insights in how transnational labor migration shapes the modes in which questions of (national) belonging and visions of societal well-being are negotiated in post-authoritarian Indonesia.
Demonstration of interferometer enhancement through EPR entanglement
Creators: name: Südbeck, Jan
name: Steinlechner, Sebastian
name: Korobko, Mikhail
name: Schnabel, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity of laser interferometers used for the detection of gravitational waves (GWs) is limited by quantum noise of light. An improvement is given by light with squeezed quantum uncertainties, as employed in the GW detector GEO600 since 2010. To achieve simultaneous noise reduction at all signal frequencies, however, the spectrum of squeezed states needs to be processed by 100m-scale low-loss optical filter cavities in vacuum. Here, we report on the proof-of-principle of an interferometer setup that achieves the required processed squeezed spectrum by employing Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) entangled states. Applied to GW detectors, the cost-intensive cavities would become obsolete, while the price to pay is a 3dB quantum penalty.
Has Adoption of Improved Rice Technology Enhanced Economic and Livelihood Security in Kashmir Valley?
Creators: name: Wani, M.H.
name: Baba, S.H.
name: Sundaram, P. Rama
name: Yousuf, Shoaib
name: Yousuf, Shahid
name: Wani, M.H.
name: Baba, S.H.
name: Sundaram, P. Rama
name: Yousuf, Shoaib
name: Yousuf, Shahid
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: livelihood security
subject: economic security
subject: technology impact
subject: Shalimar rice-1
subject: Kashmir valley

description: The paper has estimated the extent of adoption of an improved rice seed technology in the Kashmir valley and has studied its impact on the economic and the livelihood security of adopters of this technology. The determinants inducing farmers towards adoption of new technology have been identified and technological gaps in its adoption have been estimated. For presenting a comparative picture, 130 adopters and 122 non-adopters of improved technology were identified from six districts , two each from the three regions of Kashmir valley. The study has revealed, based on data collected for the agricultural year 2010- 11 that by adoption of improved technology, both gross returns and net returns have increased considerably, while the cost of production has decreased. The study has clearly brought out that adoption of new technology has provided better economic and livelihood security at the household level in the study area. The age, education and land size have been identified as the major determinants of technology adoption. By presenting statistics obtained through economic surplus model , the study has presented a strong case for higher investments on R&D , extension services delivery and dissemination of improved technology in the Kashmir valley.
Rural Livelihood Security: Assessment of Fishers’ Social Status in India
Creators: name: Salim, Shyam S.
name: Sathiadhas, R.
name: Narayanakumar, R.
name: Katiha, P.K.
name: Krishnan, M.
name: Biradar, R.S.
name: Gopal, R.S.
name: Barik, Nagesh K.
name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
name: Salim, Shyam S.
name: Sathiadhas, R.
name: Narayanakumar, R.
name: Katiha, P.K.
name: Krishnan, M.
name: Biradar, R.S.
name: Gopal, R.S.
name: Barik, Nagesh K.
name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: livelihood security
subject: fisheries
subject: economic security
subject: livelihood diversification
subject: microfinance
subject: women empowerment

description: The study has assessed the levels of literacy, health, income and livelihood security of the fisherfolk in India by taking a sample of 4555 fisher households selected from six fisheries sectors (marine capture, inland capture, mariculture, fresh water and brackish water aquaculture and marketing and processing) in 19 states of India. The primary data were collected using a pre-tested survey scheduled during January to December, 2011. The age profile of the fisher household revealed the dominance of the young — onethird with less than 35 years of age and more than half in 35 to 55 years age groups. The literacy rate has been found quite high, about 80 per cent on overall basis. The health status of fisher households has been assessed using birth weight of infants, incidence of mortality among mothers/children during birth, administration of vaccines and health care facilities. It has been found that for a better livelihood security, the respondent households have diversified their income sources beyond fisheries, the major ones being labour, agriculture, and business and non-farm activities. The average monthly income across all sectors was about ` 6500, in which about 73 per cent were from fisheries. For economic security, a considerable number (around 40%) of fisher households had savings, the average amount being ` 4200 per fisher household. The study has suggested that microfinance enterprises like self-help groups (SHGs) should be promoted to help the fishers to address their problem of indebtedness. There exists huge potential of imparting training to fishers, particularly the young and womenfolk, on fisheries management and diversified enterprises including services delivery.
Multi-Channel Inverse Scattering Problem on the Line: Thresholds and Bound States
Creators: name: Braun, M.
name: Sofianos, S. A.
name: Leeb, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the multi-channel inverse scattering problem in one-dimension in the presence of thresholds and bound states for a potential of finite support. Utilizing the Levin representation, we derive the general Marchenko integral equation for N-coupled channels and show that, unlike to the case of the radial inverse scattering problem, the information on the bound state energies and asymptotic normalization constants can be inferred from the reflection coefficient matrix alone. Thus, given this matrix, the Marchenko inverse scattering procedure can provide us with a unique multi-channel potential. The relationship to supersymmetric partner potentials as well as possible applications are discussed. The integral equation has been implemented numerically and applied to several schematic examples showing the characteristic features of multi-channel systems. A possible application of the formalism to technological problems is briefly discussed.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Experimental Design for Seismic Mass Movement Monitoring
Creators: name: Strutz, Dominik
name: Kiers, Tjeerd
name: Schmelzbach, Cédric
name: Maurer, Hansruedi
name: Curtis, Andrew
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Mass movements are a significant natural hazard and are expected to increase in frequency as global temperatures rise and extreme weather events become more common. The close observation of mass movements can be essential to minimise their adverse effects on society. The efficient use of the available surveying equipment and resources is important when monitoring mass movements. This is because they are often located in inaccessible terrain, and observing them over months or years can be expensive.

A deployment pattern and number of sensors (henceforth, the experimental design) can often be optimised to substantially decrease the uncertainty of scientific results that can be inferred from the observed data. We have developed a novel method to optimise the design of seismic node layouts and fibre-optic based Distributed Acoustic Sensor (DAS) cable pathways for monitoring seismic events. We use it to design surveys to focus on slope instability-induced seismicity.

Our general Bayesian experimental design framework can take into account prior information on event locations, subsurface seismic velocity models, the nonlinearity of the physics governing seismic traveltimes, different models of attenuation, and the directional sensitivity of different sensor types (e.g. the inline sensitivity of fibre-optic cables). The introduction of a likelihood that a travel-time measurement will be made at a given station for a given seismic event allows us to account for the effect of attenuation on the observed data, and the angular dependence of one-component measurements such as DAS.

We show that we can efficiently design seismic node installations, give quantitative recommendations for DAS cable layouts, and show the feasibility of optimising hybrid designs combining both measurement types. We benchmark the experimental design algorithms using an effectively exhaustive data set collected at the Cuolm da Vi slope instability (Swiss Alps, near Sedrun, in Central Switzerland). The data set includes recordings from over 1000 seismic nodes, in a hexagonal grid with roughly 28m receiver spacing over the slope’s surface, of which each recorded data from over 100 dynamite shots spread across the slope. This extremely dense deployment provides the unique opportunity to choose nearly arbitrary designs (i.e. subsets of the nodes) and then test those designs by using them to locate the explosions for which we know the location. By averaging the performance of the probabilistic source location inversions over all dynamite shots, the performance of optimised, heuristic and random experimental designs can be compared.

The same design methods can be applied to seismic source localisation in many different contexts, such as locating microseismic events, and other scenarios, such as infrasound source location.
description: EGUsphere
Heligmothynnus Brown 2005, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Brown, G. R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tiphiidae
Heligmothynnus

description: Heligmothynnus gen. nov.
Type species: Heligmothynnus microspinus sp. n.
 Etymology. The generic name is derived from the Greek word heligma meaning curled and is a reference to the long coiled apical filament of the aedeagus.
 Diagnosis. Male: medial apical spine on the hypopygium small. Aedeagus with basal hoodlike structure with paired rounded apical lobes on the ventral margin laterally, and apical long and strongly coiled tape-like structure.
 Description. Male: similar to Tachyphron, but differs by having the apical hypopygial spine short and small (Figures 25–28), and the genitalia (Figures 17–24) with (1) the basiparameres long and wide viewed both laterally and dorsally, and broadly emarginate apically; (2) the parameres narrow with the margins strongly curved and/or strongly convergent such that they almost appear sinusoidal in profile; and (3) the aedeagus differentiated into a basal hood-like structure with paired rounded apical lobes on the ventral margin laterally, and apically into a long and strongly coiled tape-like structure.
 Remarks. Four species, H. atratus, H. microspinus, H. neoaratus and H. sabronensis, from New Guinea or the adjacent island of Biak are known. All are represented only from a single locality and a single male specimen (Figure 59).
description: Published as part of Brown, G. R., 2005, A revision of Tachyphron Brown and description of two new genera within the Ariphron group (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae), pp. 197-239 in Journal of Natural History 39 (2) on pages 208-209, DOI: 10.1080/0022290310001657892, http://zenodo.org/record/5214577
Nuclear masses: evidence of order-chaos coexistence
Creators: name: Bohigas, O.
name: Leboeuf, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shell corrections are important in the determination of nuclear ground-state masses and shapes. Although general arguments favor a regular single-particle dynamics, symmetry-breaking and the presence of chaotic layers cannot be excluded. The latter provide a natural framework that explains the observed differences between experimental and computed masses.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Thin-Shell Wormhole Satisfying Energy Conditions
Creators: name: Forghani, S. Danial
name: Mazharimousavi, S. Habib
name: Halilsoy, Mustafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quartic self-interacting conformal scalar field is used to construct a thin-shell wormhole satisfying all energy conditions. Accompanying the scalar field is the extremal Reissner-Nordström black hole with a positive cosmological constant. New junction conditions apt for the higher-order terms are introduced in the Gaussian normal coordinates. Our approach may provide a guideline towards getting rid of exotic matter in TSWs.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure (including 6 subfigures)
Assessing emerging beef farmers participation in high-value market and its impact on cattle sales in South Africa
Creators: name: OS Oduniyi
name: MA Antwi
name: AN Mukwevho
name: OS Oduniyi
name: MA Antwi
name: AN Mukwevho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Emerging farmers
subject: Market access
subject: High-value agricultural market
subject: Propensity score matching
subject: Tobit regression model
subject: South Africa

description: The participation of emerging farmers in high-value agricultural markets in South Africa cannot be over-emphasized. It is one of the objectives of the government to assist emerging farmers with the necessary resources and programmes to enable them to meet the requirements and participate in high-value markets. The study investigated the impact of participation in the high-value market on cattle production (cattle sold). A systematic random probabilistic sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of 55 emerging beef farmers. Interviews were undertaken using questionnaires to collect data. Descriptive statistics and econometric methods such as Tobit model and a treatment effect model using propensity score matching estimator were employed for the data analysis. The results of binary logit regression from the PSM revealed that participation in a high-value market was significantly affected by age, household size, years of farming and difficulty accessing a high-value market. The average treatment effect of the treated showed a negative impact and decreases the number of cattle sold by 58%. The recommendations informed by the findings from the study are that youth in the study area should be involved in beef farming, appropriate training should be given to the farmers and farmer's advisor should motivate farmers to sell more cattle and participate in a high-value market, and educate them about the requirements to participate in the high value markets. The DARD lease assistance should continue and include the lease of more land.
Insights from Basilisk: Are Open-Source EDA Tools Ready for a Multi-Million-Gate, Linux-Booting RV64 SoC Design?
Creators: name: Sauter, Philippe
name: Benz, Thomas
name: Scheffler, Paul
name: Gürkaynak, Frank Kagan
name: Benini, Luca
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Open-source EDA
SoCs
Synthesis
RISC-V

description: arXiv
Impacts on Decreases in School Enrollments on Educational Costs
Creators: name: Debertin, David L.
name: Debertin, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Public Economics
subject: economics of education
subject: rual schools
subject: urban schools
subject: size economies and diseconomies

description: The objective of this paper is to examine the impacts of decreases in student numbers on the cost of education in Indiana. The reasons why decreases in student numbers might affect educational costs are examined. School corporations where student numbers have decreased most rapidly between the school years 1972-73 and 1976-77 are identified. The extent to which the problem exists in urban, suburban and rural schools is examined.The degree to which a decrease in student numbers increases per pupil expenditures is measured. Impacts of changes in student numbers on pupil/teacher ratios and teachers' salaries are examined.
Weighing the Darkness: Astrometric Mass Measurement of Hidden Stellar Companions using Gaia
Creators: name: Andrews, Jeff J.
name: Breivik, Katelyn
name: Chatterjee, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In astrometric binaries, the presence of a dark, unseen star can be inferred from the gravitational pull it induces on its luminous binary companion. While the orbit of such binaries can be characterized with precise astrometric measurements, constraints made from astrometry alone are not enough to measure the component masses. In this work, we determine the precision with which Gaia can astrometrically measure the orbits and -- with additional observations -- the component masses, for luminous stars hosting hidden companions. Using realistic mock Gaia observations, we find that Gaia can precisely measure the orbits of binaries hosting hidden brown-dwarfs out to tens of pc and hidden white dwarf and neutron star companions at distances as far as several hundred pc. Heavier black hole companions may be measured out to 1 kpc or farther. We further determine how orbital period affects this precision, finding that Gaia can characterize orbits with periods as short as 10 days and as long as a few 10$^3$ days, with the best measured orbits having periods just short of Gaia's mission lifetime. Extending Gaia's nominal five-year mission lifetime by an additional five years not only allows for the measurement of longer period orbits, but those longer period binaries can be seen at even greater distances.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Perturbations on a moving D3-brane and mirage cosmology
Creators: name: Boehm, Timon
name: Steer, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of perturbations on a moving probe D3-brane coupled to a 4-form field in an AdS$_5$-Schwarzschild bulk. The unperturbed dynamics are parametrised by a conserved energy $E$ and lead to Friedmann-Robertson-Walker `mirage' cosmology on the brane with scale factor $a(τ)$. The fluctuations about the unperturbed worldsheet are then described by a scalar field $ϕ(τ,\vec{x})$. We derive an equation of motion for $ϕ$, and find that in certain regimes of $a$ the effective mass squared is negative. On an expanding BPS brane with E=0 superhorizon modes grow as $a^4$ whilst subhorizon modes are stable. When the brane contracts, all modes grow. We also briefly discuss the case when $E>0$, BPS anti-branes as well as non-BPS branes. Finally, the perturbed brane embedding gives rise to scalar perturbations in the FRW universe. We show that $ϕ$ is proportional to the gauge invariant Bardeen potentials on the brane.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys.Rev.D, comments and minor corrections added
MultiOOD: Scaling Out-of-Distribution Detection for Multiple Modalities
Creators: name: Dong, Hao
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Chatzi, Eleni
name: Fink, Olga
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
Machine Learning (cs.LG)
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples is important for deploying machine learning models in safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving and robot-assisted surgery. Existing research has mainly focused on unimodal scenarios on image data. However, real-world applications are inherently multimodal, which makes it essential to leverage information from multiple modalities to enhance the efficacy of OOD detection. To establish a foundation for more realistic Multimodal OOD Detection, we introduce the first-of-its-kind benchmark, MultiOOD, characterized by diverse dataset sizes and varying modality combinations. We first evaluate existing unimodal OOD detection algorithms on MultiOOD, observing that the mere inclusion of additional modalities yields substantial improvements. This underscores the importance of utilizing multiple modalities for OOD detection. Based on the observation of Modality Prediction Discrepancy between in-distribution (ID) and OOD data, and its strong correlation with OOD performance, we propose the Agree-to-Disagree (A2D) algorithm to encourage such discrepancy during training. Moreover, we introduce a novel outlier synthesis method, NP-Mix, which explores broader feature spaces by leveraging the information from nearest neighbor classes and complements A2D to strengthen OOD detection performance. Extensive experiments on MultiOOD demonstrate that training with A2D and NP-Mix improves existing OOD detection algorithms by a large margin. Our source code and MultiOOD benchmark are available at https://github.com/donghao51/MultiOOD.
description: arXiv
MOESM2 of Adoption, implementation and sustainability of school-based physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions in real-world settings: a systematic review
Creators: name: Cassar, Samuel
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Timperio, Anna
name: Patti-Jean Naylor
name: Nassau, Femke
name: Ayala, Ana Contardo
name: Koorts, Harriet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 2. Factors related to the adoption of real-world school-based interventions.
Impacts of Selected Price Policies on the Discovery and Extraction of Crude Oil
Creators: name: Pagoulatos, Angelos
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Pagoulatos, Emilio
name: Pagoulatos, Angelos
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Pagoulatos, Emilio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: oil
subject: petroleum economics
subject: energy economics
subject: demand and supply

description: This paper develops an econometric model of petroleum discovery and extraction. Impacts of three selected price policies for petroleum are analyzed with the model. Higher oil prices do encourage additional domestic oil exploration and extraction.
Energy, Agriculture and Crop Surpluses
Creators: name: Debertin, David L.
name: Pagoulatos, Angelos
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Pagoulatos, Angelos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: energy
subject: energy and agriculture
subject: crop surpluses

description: This paper examines the impacts of potential higher prices and short supplies for energy inputs used in the production of agricultura1 commodities. We focus specifically on the issue of the extent to which the cost or availability of energy inputs might lead to a situation in which the United States would no longer be a surplus producer and net exporter of agricultural commodities. These remarks presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Toronto, Canada, January 6, 1981
Mode Switching Time Scales in the Classical Variable Stars
Creators: name: Buchler, J. Robert
name: Kollath, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near the edges of the instability strip the rate of stellar evolution is larger than the growth-rate of the pulsation amplitude, and the same holds whenever the star is engaged in pulsational mode switching. Stellar evolution therefore controls both the onset of pulsation at the edges of the instability strip and of mode switching inside it. Two types of switchings (bifurcations) occur. In a soft bifurcation the switching time scale is the inverse harmonic mean of the pulsational modal growth-rate and of the stellar evolution rate. In a hard bifurcation the switching times can be substantially longer than the thermal time scale which is typically of the order of a hundred periods for Cepheids and RR Lyrae. We discuss some of the observational consequences, in particular the paucity of low amplitude pulsators at the edges of the instability strip.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, ApJ (in press)
Reply to Comment on "Superconductivity at low density near a ferroelectric quantum critical point: doped SrTiO_3"
Creators: name: Wölfle, P
name: Balatsky, A V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our paper (Wölfle and Balatsky, Phys. Rev. B 98, 104505 (2018)) we presented a microscopic theory of superconductivity for doped SrTiO$_{3}$ by proposing two pairing mechanisms acting simultaneously with relative strength depending on the closeness to the ferroelectric quantum critical point. The first mechanism rests on the dynamically screened Coulomb interaction, and the second assumed a coupling to the soft transverse optical phonon. In their comment Ruhman and Lee point out an error in our estimate of the deformation potential coupling to the soft mode. We agree that this type of coupling cannot explain the gigantic isotope effect observed experimentally, so that a different coupling mechanism needs to be found. As for the first pairing mechanism, Ruhman and Lee maintain the view expressed in their paper (Ruhman and Lee, Phys. Rev. B 94, 224515 (2016)) that the energy range over which the usual longitudinal optical phonon mediated interaction operates is limited by the Fermi energy. We object to this view and in this reply present evidence that the cutoff energy is much larger. In a weak coupling system such as SrTiO$_{3}$ the cutoff is given by the energy beyond which quasiparticles cease to be well defined.
description: Reply on a Comment by J. Ruhman and P. Lee. Both the comment and reply to be published in PRB. 4 figures, 5 pages
Quantum cosmological perfect fluid models
Creators: name: Alvarenga, F. G.
name: Fabris, J. C.
name: Lemos, N. A.
name: Monerat, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perfect fluid Friedmann-Robertson-Walker quantum cosmological models for an arbitrary barotropic equation of state $p = αρ$ are constructed using Schutz's variational formalism. In this approach the notion of time can be recovered. By superposition of stationary states, finite-norm wave-packet solutions to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation are found. The behaviour of the scale factor is studied by applying the many-worlds and the ontological interpretations of quantum mechanics. Singularity-free models are obtained for $α< 1$. Accelerated expansion at present requires $- 1/3 > α> - 1$.
description: Latex file, 12 pages. New paragraphs in the Introduction and Conclusion, and other minor corrections in the text and in some formulas. Accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation