cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum computing by optical control of electron spins
Creators: name: Liu, Ren-Bao
name: Yao, Wang
name: Sham, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the progress and main challenges in implementing large-scale quantum computing by optical control of electron spins in quantum dots (QDs). Relevant systems include self-assembled QDs of III-V or II-VI compound semiconductors (such as InGaAs and CdSe), monolayer fluctuation QDs in compound semiconductor quantum wells, and impurity centers in solids such as P-donors in silicon and nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. The decoherence of the electron spin qubits is discussed and various schemes for countering the decoherence problem are reviewed. We put forward designs of local nodes consisting of a few qubits which can be individually addressed and controlled. Remotely separated local nodes are connected by photonic structures (microcavities and waveguides) to form a large-scale distributed quantum system or a quantum network. The operation of the quantum network consists of optical control of a single electron spin, coupling of two spins in a local nodes, optically controlled quantum interfacing between stationary spin qubits in QDs and flying photon qubits in waveguides, rapid initialization of spin qubits, and qubit-specific single-shot non-demolition quantum measurement. The rapid qubit initialization may be realized by selectively enhancing certain entropy dumping channels via phonon or photon baths. The single-shot quantum measurement may be in-situ implemented through the integrated photonic network. The relevance of quantum non-demolition measurement to large-scale quantum computation is discussed. To illustrate the feasibility and demand, the resources are estimated for the benchmark problem of factorizing 15 with Shor's algorithm.
description: 69 pages, 46 figures, to appear in Advances in Physics
Balancing energy in the German market design
Creators: name: Möller, Christoph
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010
Subjects: electricity market design
balancing energy
strategic behavior
interchangeable marketplaces
electricity portfolio management

description: Among electricity marketplaces balancing energy takes a central role in mediating the supply and demand equilibrium. This thesis analyzes strategies employed in the balancing energy market, as well as their implications for other marketplaces in the setting of the German electricity market.
Indice dei manoscritti, dei documenti e delle stampe antiche
Creators: name: Ravera, Giulia
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: Indice dei manoscritti, dei documenti e delle stampe antiche del volume Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525), a cura di Gabriele Baldassari, Guglielmo Barucci, Sandra Carapezza e Michele Comelli, Milano, Università degli Studi, 2021
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
Effect of next-nearest neighbor interactions on the dynamic order parameter of the Kinetic Ising model in an oscillating field
Creators: name: Baez, William D.
name: Datta, Trinanjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of next-nearest neighbor (NNN) interactions in the two-dimensional ferromagnetic kinetic Ising model exposed to an oscillating field. By tuning the interaction ratio (p = JNNN/JNN) of the NNN (JNNN) to the nearest-neighbor (NN) interaction (JNN) we find that the model undergoes a transition from a regime in which the dynamic order parameter Q is equal to zero to a phase in which Q is not equal to zero. From our studies we conclude that the model can exhibit an interaction induced transition from a deterministic to a stochastic state. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the systems' metastable lifetime is sensitive not only to the lattice size, external field amplitude, and temperature (as found in earlier studies) but also to additional interactions present in the system.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Circ0007042 alleviates intervertebral disc degeneration by adsorbing miR-369 to upregulate BMP2 and activate the PI3K/AKt pathway
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenyu
name: Zhao, Yuguang
name: Liu, Yi
name: Qu, Zhigang
name: Zhuang, Xinming
name: Song, Qingxu
name: Li, Haoyu
name: Leng, Jiali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of the PCR Primer Pairs chosen for in vitro PCR validation. Table S2. List of the Hsa_circ_7042 overexpressed primer. Table S3. List of BMP2 siRNA primers. Table S4. Plasmid construction primers involved in the dual-luciferase activity reporting experiment.
Indice dei nomi
Creators: name: Ravera, Giulia
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: Indice dei nomi del volume Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525), a cura di Gabriele Baldassari, Guglielmo Barucci, Sandra Carapezza e Michele Comelli, Milano, Università degli Studi, 2021.
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
Investigations about Science Misconceptions
Creators: name: Risch, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Students entering engineering in universities of applied sciences were tested to see whether they understood easy Science problems within the first week of the first semester. The test comprised of mathematics and physics questions in both linear and diagrammatic form. Science misconceptions are investigated here by comparison to a model of misconception based on the findings of other investigators. The misconceptions demonstrated by the answers confirm this model of misconception. The results are discussed with traditional theories about education as well as with recent psychological research and with neuroscience insights. These comparisons enable further investigation of misconceptions.
description: 30 pages, 13 tables, 64 references, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of CTLA4 has a profound impact on the landscape of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with a high prognosis value in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC)
Creators: name: Liu, Shiyi
name: Wang, Feiyan
name: Tan, Wei
name: Zhang, Li
name: Dai, Fangfang
name: Wang, Yanqing
name: Fan, Yaqi
name: Yuan, Mengqin
name: Yang, Dongyong
name: Zheng, Yajing
name: Deng, Zhimin
name: Liu, Yeqiang
name: Cheng, Yanxiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. CTLA4-related protein coding genes by correlation analysis. Table S2. Comparison of CIBERSORT immune cell fractions.
Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
Creators: name: Berra, Claudia
name: Carapezza, Sandra
name: Mulas, Pier Luigi
name: Decaria, Alessio
name: Versiero, Marco
name: Ferrari, Simone
name: Moro, Simone
name: Comboni, Andrea
name: Montagnani, Cristina
name: Vetrugno, Roberto
name: Rossetti, Edoardo
name: Gatti, Fabio
name: Ravera, Giulia
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: Il volume Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525), che inaugura la serie "Fuori Collana" dei "Quaderni di Gargnano", raccoglie gli atti dell'omonimo convegno tenutosi presso l'Università degli Studi di Milano il 21-22 ottobre 2019. I contributi offrono un panorama articolato della Milano di fine Quattrocento-inizio Cinquecento, quale luogo di fervido scambio e incontro culturale, ancora in gran parte da riscoprire e rivalutare.
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
Reaction operators for spin-selective chemical reactions of radical pairs
Creators: name: Jones, Jonathan A.
name: Maeda, Kiminori
name: Hore, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-selective reactions of radical pairs have traditionally been modelled theoretically by adding phenomenological rate equations to the quantum mechanical equation of motion of the radical pair spin density matrix. More recently an alternative set of rate expressions, based on a quantum measurement approach, has been suggested. Here we show how these two reaction operators can be seen as limiting cases of a more general reaction scheme.
description: 10 pages, pdf from MS Word. Chem. Phys. Lett. (in press)
Zhi# - Programming Language Inherent Support for Ontologies
Creators: name: Paar, Alexander
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2007

description: XML Schema Definition (XSD) and the Web Ontology Language (OWL) have been widely used to define programming language independent data types and to conceptualize knowledge. However, writing software that operates on XML instance documents and on ontological knowledge bases still suffers from a lack of compile time support for XSD and OWL. In this paper, a novel compiler framework is presented that facilitates the cooperative usage of external type systems with C#. For the resulting programming language Zhi#, XSD and OWL compiler plug-ins were implemented in order to provide static type checking for constrained atomic value types and ontologies. XSD constraining facets and ontological inference rules could be integrated with host language features such as method overwriting. Zhi# programs are compiled to conventional C# and are interoperable with .NET assemblies.
Premessa
Creators: name: Berra, Claudia
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: Frontespizo, Indice e Premessa di Claudia Berra al volume Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525), a cura di Gabriele Baldassari, Guglilemo Barucci, Sandra Carapezza e Michele Comelli, Milano, Università degli Studi, 2021.
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
Emilio Bigi e il commento del «Furioso»
Creators: name: Segre, Cesare
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2013
Subjects: Orlando Furioso; Emilio Bigi; commento; commentary

description: Il lavoro di edizione di un classico comporta una serie di scelte formali e di contenuto. Se confrontato con i commenti precedenti, quello di Bigi risulta particolarmente ricco ed esauriente, specialmente per l’ampiezza dei rimandi alle fonti classiche, citate per esteso. L’introduzione al volume, coerente con il commento, ricostruisce il sistema ideologico che sta alla base del Furioso (e che comporta, per esempio, una posizione non univoca nei confronti della donna). Molti altri aspetti, come le osservazioni sulle varianti e gli indici, fanno di questo commento una vera enciclopedia ariostesca.

Editing a classic involves a series of choices, relating both to form and matter. By comparison with previous commentaries to the Orlando furioso, Emilio Bigi’s work stands out for being unusually rich and exhaustive, especially because of its emphasis on classical sources, which are quoted in full. In line with the commentary, the introduction to the volume aims to recreate Ariosto’s world of ideas as it is depicted in the Furioso (detailing, for example, the gender question and the author’s ambivalent position). Many other features, such as the discussion of textual variants and the volume’s indices are enough to turn this commentary into a true Ariostan encyclopaedia.
description: Carte romanze, Vol 1, No 2 (2013)
Absolute continuity under flows generated by SDE with measurable drift coefficient
Creators: name: Luo, Dejun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the Itô SDE with non-degenerate diffusion coefficient and measurable drift coefficient. Under the condition that the gradient of the diffusion coefficient and the divergences of the diffusion and drift coefficients are exponentially integrable with respect to the Gaussian measure, we show that the stochastic flow leaves the reference measure absolutely continuous.
description: 22 pages
CCDC80 AND CCDC80-L1: IDENTIFICATION AND FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF TWO NOVEL GENES INVOLVED IN ZEBRAFISH (DANIO RERIO) DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: BRUSEGAN, CHIARA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: The ccdc80 and ccdc80-like1 (ccdc80-l1) genes were isolated in zebrafish in silico, on the basis of their high aminoacidic sequence identity with the human CCDC80 protein (coiled-coil domain containing 80). In human, CCDC80 is involved in several carcinomas, and during recent years it has been proposed as an onco-suppressor gene, increasing the interest in the comprehension of its functions. During my Ph.D., I have been studying the expression patterns and the functions of its zebrafish homologs, in order to gain insights into the processes and the molecular mechanisms in which they are involved. I took advantage of zebrafish as a model system allowing the application of common genetic and biological experimental assays such as PCR, whole mount in situ hybridization and microinjection technique. I investigated ccdc80 and ccdc80-l1 functions during zebrafish embryonic development, finding that they show very different expression patterns and roles. ccdc80 is expressed in the notochord during somitogenesis up to 48 hour post fertilization (hpf). At this stage, it is expressed also in the heart. Instead, at the same developmental stages, ccdc80-l1 is expressed in cranial ganglia, adaxial cells, muscle pioneers and dorsal dermis. These patterns are suggestive of different roles, in fact, the genes are involved in distinct developmental processes, such as somitogenesis and axonal pathfinding, respectively. Functional analysis were obtained performing loss- and gain-of-function experiments. The results clearly demonstrated that manipulation of Ccdc80 protein levels during embryonic development, both increasing and decreasing them, leads to a severe impairment of somites, metameric structures from which several tissues derive, such as muscle. Nevertheless, this phenotype seemed to be recovered at 24 hpf, since at this stage somites no longer showed the same morphological alterations observed previously. By converse, notwithstanding its expression in muscular tissues, loss-of-ccdc80-l1 does not impair somites formation, leading instead to motoneurons axonal migrations defects, capable to affect embryonic motility. Given the external development of the zebrafish embryo, motility is required very soon for prey and escaping predators, and muscle and motoneurons are equally required for a proper motor behavior. Communication and interactions between these two tissues are fundamental for proper muscles innervation and transmission of nervous inputs to be translated in muscular contractions. ccdc80 and ccdc80-l1 may derive from an ancestor gene involved in these processes and, during evolution, may have developed different functions, but still bound to a key process for embryonic viability in the external environment.
Entry Dispersion Analysis for the Hayabusa Spacecraft using Ground Based Optical Observation
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, T.
name: Yoshikawa, M.
name: Yagi, M.
name: Tholen, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hayabusa asteroid explorer successfully released the sample capsule to Australia on June 13, 2010. Since the Earth reentry phase of sample return was critical, many backup plans for predicting the landing location were prepared. This paper investigates the reentry dispersion using ground based optical observation as a backup observation for radiometric observation. Several scenarios are calculated and compared for the reentry phase of the Hayabusa to evaluate the navigation accuracy of the ground-based observation. The optical observation doesn't require any active reaction from a spacecraft, thus these results show that optical observations could be a steady backup strategy even if a spacecraft had some trouble. We also evaluate the landing dispersion of the Hayabusa only with the optical observation.
BIRKHOFF COORDINATES OF INTEGRABLE HAMILTONIAN SYSTEMS IN ASYMPTOTIC REGIMES
Creators: name: MASPERO, ALBERTO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: In this thesis we investigate two examples of infinite dimensional integrable Hamiltonian systems in $1$-space dimension: the Toda chain with periodic boundary conditions and large number of particles, and the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation on $\R$.

In the first part of the thesis we study the Birkhoff coordinates (Cartesian action angle coordinates) of the Toda lattice with periodic boundary condition in the limit where the number $N$ of the particles tends to infinity. We prove that the transformation introducing such coordinates maps analytically a complex ball of radius $R/N^\alpha$
(in discrete Sobolev-analytic norms) into a ball of radius $R'/N^\alpha$ (with $R,R'>0$ independent of $N$) if and only if
$\alpha\geq2$. Then we consider the problem of equipartition of energy in the spirit of Fermi-Pasta-Ulam. We deduce that corresponding to initial data of size $R/N^2$, $0
«Viris doctissimis exornata». Percorsi dell'erudizione greco-latina nella Milano sotto la dominazione francese
Creators: name: Gatti, Fabio
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: This paper is devoted to the protagonists of the Greek and Latin studies in Milan in the period of French domination, namely between the second and third decade of the sixteenth century. Despite the political and military instability of the time, Milan is still able to attract in its educational institutions important personalities (like Ricchieri, Negri, Telesio and Collinus) from the rest of Italy and also from Europe thanks to the direct interest in the culture of the king Francesco I and the patronage guaranteed to scholars by his treasurer in the city, Jean Grolier. In Milan these scholars made an important contribution to the progress of philological and humanistic studies with their teaching and publications. Il contributo è dedicato ai protagonisti degli studi greci e latini nella Milano della dominazione francese, in particolare tra il secondo e il terzo decennio del Cinquecento. Nonostante l’instabilità politico-militare del tempo, Milano è ancora in grado di attrarre nelle proprie istituzioni scolastiche importanti personalità (come Ricchieri, Negri, Telesio e Collinus) dal resto d’Italia e anche dall’Europa grazie al diretto interessamento in ambito culturale del sovrano Francesco I e al sostegno garantito agli eruditi dal suo tesoriere in città, Jean Grolier. Proprio a Milano questi eruditi hanno garantito con la loro docenza e le loro pubblicazioni un importante contributo al progresso degli studi filologici e umanistici.
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
Nuclear suppression of J/Psi: from RHIC to the LHC
Creators: name: Kopeliovich, B. Z.
name: Potashnikov, I. K.
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A parameter-free calculation for J/Psi suppression in pA collisions, based on the dipole description, is confronted with the new data from the PHENIX experiment. Achieving good agreement, we employed this model predicting the contribution of initial state interactions (ISI) to J/Psi suppression in AA collisions. Such a transition from pA to AA is not straightforward, since involves specific effects of double color filtering and boosting of the saturation scale. Relying on this refined ISI contribution, we updated the previous analysis of RHIC data on J/Psi production in Cu-Cu and Au-Au collisions at \sqrt{s}=200 GeV, and determined the transport coefficient of the created dense medium at q_0=0.6 GeV^2/fm. Nuclear effects for J/Psi production at the LHC are predicted using the transport coefficient q_0=0.8 GeV^2/fm, extracted from data on suppression of high-p_T hadrons in central lead-lead collisions at \sqrt{s}=2.76 TeV. Our analysis covers only direct J/Psi production, while data may also include the feed-down from decay of heavier states and B-mesons.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Borges, Ariosto e la vita segreta dei personaggi minori
Creators: name: Dorigatti, Marco
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2013
Subjects: Orlando Furioso; Jorge L. Borges; Francesco Berni; Miguel de Cervantes

description: Inteso quale omaggio a Emilio Bigi, sia pure indiretto, lo studio prende spunto da un’intervista, tuttora inedita, rilasciata nel 1984 dallo scrittore argentino Jorge Luis Borges, in cui aveva citato, credendoli ariosteschi, dei versi che per lui, giunto in età ormai avanzata, erano diventati, più che un motto, una metafora di vita. Poco importa che, come verrà chiarito vagliando la loro storia e le relative fonti, quei versi, facenti capo alla misteriosa figura di un personaggio saraceno, Alibante di Toledo, in realtà appartenessero all’officina poetica di Francesco Berni: essi vengono ciò nondimeno assunti quale filo conduttore per un percorso esplorativo all’interno dell’Orlando furioso che ne vaglia la valenza per così dire “ariostesca”, giusta la reminiscenza borgesiana. Approdata infine a Cervantes, la discussione si conclude facendo ritorno a Borges e misurando l’impatto che quei medesimi versi hanno avuto sulla sua propria opera poetica.

Intended as a heartfelt tribute to Emilio Bigi, albeit an indirect one, this essay draws on an interview, still unpublished, given by Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges in 1984, in which he quoted a couple of lines of poetry which he firmly believed to be by Ariosto, and which for him, by then an old man, had become, more than a motto, a metaphor of life. It does not really matter that, as will become apparent retracing their history as well as their sources, these lines, centring on the mysterious figure of a Saracen character called Alibante of Toledo, actually belonged to Francesco Berni: they are here assumed as the main motif to be explored within Orlando furioso, in order to ascertain to what extent their nature may be regarded to be Ariostan, just as Borges thought. Having finally reached Cervantes, the discussion concludes by returning once more to Borges and considering the impact that these lines, which had remained engrained in his memory throughout his life, had on his own poetry.
description: Carte romanze, Vol 1, No 2 (2013)
Riflessioni sparse su un poema molto commentato
Creators: name: Cabani, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2013
Subjects: Orlando furioso; Emilio Bigi; “armonia conquistata”; "conquered harmony"; futuro del commento; form and shape of a future commentary

description: L’intervento si sofferma sul commento di Emilio Bigi all’Orlando furioso (1982), recentemente riproposto da Cristina Zampese (2012), partendo da una breve storia della tradizione esegetica cinquecentesca del poema ariostesco. Mette poi in luce alcuni caratteri fondamentali del commento bigiano: ampiezza delle singole note, ricchezza di livelli di analisi (lessicale, stilistica, retorica, intra e intertestuale, variantistica, storico-biografica), conformità delle note a un’interpretazione globale del poema, che potremmo sintetizzare nella formula dell’“armonia conquistata”. Cabani si interroga infine su quale potrebbe essere la forma di un nuovo commento che, senza perdere la ricchezza di quello bigiano, pervenga a una maggior distinzione e a nuova distribuzione delle fasce esegetiche. In particolare, Cabani si chiede se e in quale parte dell’apparato critico intertestualità e variantistica debbano essere collocate a integrazione delle semplici note interpretative.

This paper deals with Emilio Bigi’s commentary to the Orlando furioso (1982), recently reprinted by Cristina Zampese (2012). Starting with a short history of the sixteenth-century exegetical tradition, it dwells on some of the main features of Bigi’s commentary: the amplitude of the annotations, the richness of their analytical levels (lexical, stylistic, rhetorical, intra- and intertextual, historico-biographical, and its constant attention to variants), their compliance with a comprehensive interpretation of the poem, which might be defined as a “conquered harmony”. Lastly Cabani discusses what form and shape might take a future commentary to Ariosto’s poem, so that, without losing the richness of Bigi’s work, it might introduce a new arrangement in the explanatory apparatus, to be split into two or more distinct bands. In particular, she considers whether, and within which band of the apparatus, should be put the intertextual and variant reference, in order best to compliment the mere explanatory notes.
description: Carte romanze, Vol 1, No 2 (2013)
Additional file 1 of Relationships between human serum albumin levels and septic shock, in-hospital, and out-of-hospital mortality in elderly patients with pneumonia in different BMI ranges
Creators: name: Huang, Sha
name: Chen, Lanlan
name: Yang, Ning
name: Zhang, Jiao
name: Wang, Yan
name: Chen, Xiaoyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1.
The Kramers-Moyal Equation of the Cosmological Comoving Curvature Perturbation
Creators: name: Riotto, Antonio
name: Sloth, Martin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuations of the comoving curvature perturbation with wavelengths larger than the horizon length are governed by a Langevin equation whose stochastic noise arise from the quantum fluctuations that are assumed to become classical at horizon crossing. The infrared part of the curvature perturbation performs a random walk under the action of the stochastic noise and, at the same time, it suffers a classical force caused by its self-interaction. By a path-interal approach and, alternatively, by the standard procedure in random walk analysis of adiabatic elimination of fast variables, we derive the corresponding Kramers-Moyal equation which describes how the probability distribution of the comoving curvature perturbation at a given spatial point evolves in time and is a generalization of the Fokker-Planck equation. This approach offers an alternative way to study the late time behaviour of the correlators of the curvature perturbation from infrared effects.
description: 27 pages
Grain growth and austenite decomposition in two niobium containing line pipe steels
Creators: name: Robinson, Isaac Dalton Gordon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Niobium is a common microalloying element for line pipe steels for the promotion of fine ferrite microstructures following hot rolling. During construction via welding, niobium carbonitrides formed during coiling may dissolve depending on peak temperatures reached. This has a strong influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the heat affected zone. The primary objective of the current work is to study the effect of niobium microalloying on heat affected zone microstructures. Two steel compositions were selected for this study, possessing a high (0.091 wt%) niobium content and differing (0.028 and 0.058 wt%) carbon contents. To study the effect of niobium on grain growth, thermal histories were designed in the context of continuous heating and isothermal holding for a range of heating rates and holding temperatures. Laser ultrasonics were used to observe in-situ grain growth during these histories and experimental results were confirmed by ex-situ metallography using appropriate etchant. Niobium is shown to be effective in restricting grain growth behavior at temperatures when precipitates are stable. An increase in heating rate was found to reduce overall grain growth (from 48 to 25 μm between 10 and 1000°C/s), eventually reaching a limiting behavior at the maximum heating rate (i.e. 1000°C/s). To study the effect of niobium on austenite decomposition, thermal histories were designed to produce two grain sizes (5 and 35 μm) and two states of niobium (in and out of solution). The latter was investigated through precipitation experiments. Cooling rates were varied between 3 and 30°C/s and mechanical dilatometry was used to measure the phase transformation. As expected, an increase in cooling rate, carbon content, and prior austenite grain size results in lower transformation temperatures. The effect of niobium in solution was strongly dependent on prior austenite grain size. Microstructures formed by austenite decomposition were characterized via metallography and microhardness. The microstructural constituents include ferrite, bainite, and M/A. Samples representative of each microstructure were selected to quantify M/A fraction through etching and point counting. Niobium was shown to have a strong effect on hardness when the prior austenite grain size was large (up to 70 HV).
PARALLEL BIOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ACTIN AND OSTEOCALCIN
Creators: name: DE CARO, CLAUDIA ANTONELLA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: Abstract

Actin is a globular multifunctional protein present in almost all eukaryotic cells, where it plays a major role in the formation of microfilaments, one of the principal cytoskeleton?s components, and thin filaments, belonging to the contractile apparatus in the muscular cells. Actin?s mass is about 42 kDa and can be present as a free monomer (G-actin, globular) or as a part of a linear monomer (F-actin, filamentous). Actin plays an important role in the embryogenesis, in wound healing, in the invasiveness of tumor cells and in their gene expression.
Osteocalcin is a non-collagenous protein found in bone and dentin, secreted by osteoblasts. It is monomeric protein of 5.8 kDa, highly conserved in all vertebrates. Osteocalcin has an important role on bone mineralization and calcium ion homeostasis. Moreover, recent data suggest a possible role of osteocalcin in male infertility, probably related to the enhancement of testosterone synthesis.
The aim of this thesis was to analyse these two very different proteins, with particular attention to their chemical-physical and functional properties, in order to see if they are related each other in a possible way. The study has been conducted by continuously looking at OMIM, GeneCard and Pubmed, in order to find recent and valuables evidences. Particularly, papers relating to the main post-translational modifications have been also taken into account.
The first point in common which has arisen during such analysis is that both actin and osteocalcin show key modifications during any stage of the growth of Homo sapiens starting from the pre-natal phase until senility. Several of these post-translational modifications were related to gender differences. Other findings were related to the fact that both proteins undergo different modifications based on ethnicity, and also linked with nutrition, indeed very relevant to the physical function of both proteins. Subsequently, it was observed that both proteins undergo remarkable changes in at least four different pathological states (vascular diseases, diabetes, renal disease and infertility). Moreover, pH seemed to influence in the same way various post-translational modifications of both proteins. Finally, I have found that several xenobiotics, such as some isoflavones (i.e. genistein) or other compunds (cytochalasin D and latrinculine B) may cause changes in the cytoskeleton or may interact with actin-binding proteins and be involved in the osteocalcin gene expression.
RUMIN'S COMPLEX AND INTRINSIC GRAPHS IN CARNOT GROUPS
Creators: name: MARCHI, MARCO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: This thesis is concerned with some aspects of geometric analysis on Carnot groups. In the first chapter, we study differential forms and Rumin's complex on Carnot groups.
In particular, we undertake the analysis of Rumin's Laplacian $\Delta_R$ on the Heisenberg group. We obtain a decomposition of the space of Rumin's forms with $L^2$ coefficients into invariant subspaces and describe the action of $\Delta_R$ restricted to these subspaces up to unitary equivalence. We also obtain that this decomposition provide a $L^p$ decomposition of the space of Rumin's forms.
In the second chapter, we study intrinsic Lipschitz graphs and intrinsic differentiable graphs within Carnot groups. Both seem to be the natural analogues inside Carnot groups of the corresponding Euclidean notions. In particular, we prove that one codimensional intrinsic Lipschitz graphs are sets with locally finite $\G$-perimeter. From this a Rademacher's type theorem for one codimensional graphs in a general class of groups is proved.
Castiglione a Milano
Creators: name: Vetrugno, Roberto
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: The essay aims to deepen the relation between Baldassarre Castiglione and the city of Milan. The first paragraph deals with the period of study spent in the capital of the duchy, where the author of the Cortegiano, still a teenager, and guest of his uncle senator, was able to learn about the profession and the language of diplomacy and to meet important figures of the humanistic and artistic culture of the city, who will appear in the pages of the Dialogue. Based on some passages from his correspondence, the second paragraph recounts Baldassarre's travels to Milan on the occasion of various military and diplomatic missions. The third paragraph highlights the specific references to the city found in his letters. The last section provides a textual and linguistic perspective, examining the famous letter to Iacomo Boschetto of 8 October 1499, written on the occasion of the entry of the King of France to Milan. It is a precious description of a parade from which a layered lexicon emerges, with names of weapons, clothes, and styles, which shows the richness of the language and of the courtesan letters, a first Italian sectorial dictionary. Il saggio vuole approfondire il rapporto tra Baldassarre Castiglione e Milano: un primo paragrafo tratta del periodo di studio trascorso nella capitale del ducato, dove l’autore del Cortegiano ancora adolescente, ospite dello zio senatore, ebbe modo di conoscere la professione e la lingua della diplomazia e di incontrare personaggi di rilievo della cultura umanistica e artistica della città, che compariranno nelle pagine del Dialogo. Il secondo paragrafo racconta attraverso alcuni brani dell’epistolario i viaggi di Baldassarre a Milano, in occasione di diverse missioni militari e diplomatiche; mentre il terzo riporta i riferimenti alla città reperibili nelle sue lettere. Infine, una prospettiva testuale e linguistica: viene presa in esame la celebre lettera a Iacomo Boschetto dell’8 ottobre 1499, scritta in occasione dell’entrate del re di Francia a Milano. Si tratta di una preziosa descrizione di una parata da cui emerge un lessico stratificato, con nomi di armi, vesti e fogge, che mostra la ricchezza della lingua e della epistolografia cortigiana, un primo vocabolario settoriale italiano.
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
«A’ fianchi hanno gli sproni / e poeti a Ferrara»: esperimenti teatrali alla corte di Ludovico il Moro
Creators: name: Montagnani, Cristina
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: In the Eighties of the Fifteenth century, through the work of Ercole d'Este and a small number of collaborators (including Matteo Maria Boiardo), a new theatrical model of profound classicist inspiration was established in Ferrara. This essay focuses on the relationship, always dialectical and sometimes polemical, that the Milanese playwrights entertained with the Este models. Negli anni Ottanta del XV° secolo, per opera di Ercole d’Este e di un ristretto numero di collaboratori (fra cui anche Matteo Maria Boiardo), venne affermandosi a Ferrara un nuovo modello teatrale, di profonda ispirazione classicista. Il presente contributo indaga sul rapporto, sempre dialettico e talvolta polemico, che i drammaturghi milanesi intrattennero con i modelli estensi.
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
Evidence of delocalized excitons in amorphous solids
Creators: name: Messina, Fabrizio
name: Vella, Eleonora
name: Cannas, Marco
name: Boscaino, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the temperature dependence of the absorption coefficient of amorphous SiO$_2$ in the range from 8 to 17.5~eV obtained by Kramers-Kronig dispersion analysis of reflectivity spectra. We demonstrate the main excitonic resonance at 10.4~eV to feature a close Lorentzian shape red-shifting with increasing temperature. This provides a strong evidence of excitons being delocalized notwithstanding the structural disorder intrinsic to the amorphous system. Excitons turn out to be coupled to an average phonon mode of 83~meV energy.
Additional file 3 of Improvement of thermostability and catalytic efficiency of glucoamylase from Talaromyces leycettanus JCM12802 via site-directed mutagenesis to enhance industrial saccharification applications
Creators: name: Tong, Lige
name: Zheng, Jie
name: Wang, Xiao
name: Wang, Xiaolu
name: Huang, Huoqing
name: Yang, Haomeng
name: Tu, Tao
name: Wang, Yuan
name: Bai, Yingguo
name: Yao, Bin
name: Luo, Huiying
name: Qin, Xing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3: The thermostability of the purified recombinant TlGa15B.
Giovan Battista Pio a Milano 1497-1500
Creators: name: Comboni, Andrea
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: The paper illustrates Giovan Battista Pio’s Milanese period (1497-1500), during which the Bolognese humanist published editions with commentary of Fulgentius, Sidonius Apollinaris, Plautus and prepared an important edition of Varro, Festus, Nonius. The analysis of paratextual elements inserted in these editions has permitted to reconstruct Pio’s Milanese relationships. Il contributo illustra il soggiorno milanese (1497-1500) di Giovan Battista Pio, durante il quale l’umanista bolognese pubblicò edizioni commentate di Fulgenzio, Sidonio Apollinare, Plauto e preparò un’importante edizione di Varrone, Festo e Nonio. L’esame dei paratesti di queste edizioni ha reso possibile avviare la ricostruzione delle relazioni milanesi del Pio.
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
Effect of the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential on pion-/pion+ ratio in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Gao, Yuan
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Zhang, Hong-Fei
name: Chen, Xi-Meng
name: Yong, Gao-Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model, effect of the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential on pion-/pion+ ratio in the neutron-rich reaction 132Sn+124Sn at a beam energy of 400 MeV/nucleon is studied. We find that the momentum dependence of nuclear symmetry potential affects the compressed density of colliding nuclei, numbers of produced pion- and pion+, as well as the value of pion-/pion+ ratio. The momentum dependent nuclear symmetry potential increases the compressed density of colliding nuclei, numbers of produced resonances delta(1232), N*(1440), pion- and pion+, as well as the value of pion-/pion+ ratio.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted by PRC
Network algorithmics and the emergence of information integration in cortical models
Creators: name: Nathan, Andre
name: Barbosa, Valmir C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An information-theoretic framework known as integrated information theory (IIT) has been introduced recently for the study of the emergence of consciousness in the brain [D. Balduzzi and G. Tononi, PLoS Comput. Biol. 4, e1000091 (2008)]. IIT purports that this phenomenon is to be equated with the generation of information by the brain surpassing the information which the brain's constituents already generate independently of one another. IIT is not fully plausible in its modeling assumptions, nor is it testable due to severe combinatorial growth embedded in its key definitions. Here we introduce an alternative to IIT which, while inspired in similar information-theoretic principles, seeks to address some of IIT's shortcomings to some extent. Our alternative framework uses the same network-algorithmic cortical model we introduced earlier [A. Nathan and V. C. Barbosa, Phys. Rev. E 81, 021916 (2010)] and, to allow for somewhat improved testability relative to IIT, adopts the well-known notions of information gain and total correlation applied to a set of variables representing the reachability of neurons by messages in the model's dynamics. We argue that these two quantities relate to each other in such a way that can be used to quantify the system's efficiency in generating information beyond that which does not depend on integration, and give computational results on our cortical model and on variants thereof that are either structurally random in the sense of an Erdos-Renyi random directed graph or structurally deterministic. We have found that our cortical model stands out with respect to the others in the sense that many of its instances are capable of integrating information more efficiently than most of those others' instances.
Un'accademia milanese di fine Quattrocento. Incontri tra letterati e dinamiche culturali all'ombra della domus di Gaspare Ambrogio Visconti
Creators: name: Moro, Simone
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: The essay focuses on Gaspare Ambrogio Visconti’s literary and artistic circle as the centre of the vulgar literature development in Renaissance Milan. Bringing together historical and literary sources, it reconstructs the birth of a so-called ‘Accademia’ that was established at the end of the XVth century and revolved around Visconti. The essay describes the group’s characteristics of this Accademia, that involved both Milanese and foreign poets or artists such as Lancino Curti, Antonietto Campofregoso, Bernardo Bellincioni, Donato Bramante, Leonardo da Vinci, etc. By tracing the biography of those who belong to this group, a specific attention is dedicated to Antonio Pelotti from Pisa, close friend of Marsilio Ficino and promoter of Neoplatonism, as well as to the Abruzzese bibliophile Giacomo Alfieri, who introduced the Bella mano from Giusto de’ Conti in Milan, and, finally, to the unknow poets and soldiers Angelo da Lavello and Giacomo Sanseverino dell’Abbazia. Il saggio si concentra sul circolo artistico e letterario promosso da Gaspare Ambrogio Visconti a Milano sul finire del Quattrocento. Ricorrendo a fonti storiche e letterarie, s’intende ricostruire la nascita della cosiddetta ‘Accademia’ che prese forma attorno alla personalità del Visconti, raggruppando poeti e artisti milanesi e stranieri (tra cui Lancino Curti, Antonietto Campofregoso, Bernardo Bellincioni, Donato Bramante, Leonardo da Vinci, etc.) e determinando in modo decisivo lo sviluppo di una letteratura in volgare nel ducato. Lo scavo prosopografico sulle differenti personalità che formano il gruppo concentra in particolare l’attenzione su quattro personaggi stranieri che, con le loro diverse caratteristiche, permettono di tracciare in modo approfondito la fisionomia dell’Accademia e dell’intera società culturale milanese dell’epoca: il pisano Antonio Pelotti, amico e sodale di Marsilio Ficino, che ha un ruolo nella diffusione del Neoplatonismo a Milano; il bibliofilo abruzzese Giacomo Alfieri, che introduce a Milano la Bella mano di Giusto de’ Conti; e, infine, gli sconosciuti poeti-soldato Angelo da Lavello e Giacomo Sanseverino dell’Abbazia.
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)
Liquid crystalline phases in oligonucleotide solutions
Creators: name: ZANCHETTA, GIULIANO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2007

description: In this thesis, we investigate the behavior of short complementary B-form DNA oligomers, 6 to 20 base pairs in length, exhibiting chiral nematic and columnar liquid crystal phases, even though such duplexes lack the shape anisotropy required for liquid crystal ordering. Structural characterization reveals that these phases are produced by the end-to-end stacking of the duplex oligomers into polydisperse anisotropic rod-shaped aggregates, which can order into liquid crystals. By use of polarized optical microscopy, X-ray micro-di raction and optical interferometry, we determine the phase diagram of DNA oligomers and we estimate the stacking energy to be 4-6 KBT. We also nd that upon cooling mixed solutions of short DNA oligomers, in which only a small fraction of the present DNA is complementary, the duplex-forming oligomers phase-separate into liquid crystal droplets, leaving the unpaired single strands in isotropic solution. This spontaneous partitioning is the combined result of the free energy gain from the end-to-end stacking and LC ordering of duplexes and of depletion-type interactions favoring the segregation of the more rigid duplexes from the flexible single strands. In a chemical environment where oligomer ligation is possible, such ordering and condensation would provide an autocatalytic link whereby complementarity promotes the extended polymerization of complementary oligomers. The possible relevance of these observations for prebiotic synthesis of nucleic acids is discussed.
Bramante e Leonardo: classicismo e sperimentalismo alla corte di Ludovico il Moro
Creators: name: Ferrari, Simone
Publisher: name: Quaderni di Gargnano
Year: 2021

description: The essay focuses on the role of Bramante and Leonardo during the XVth Century at the fashionable court of Ludovico il Moro. At that time, florentine painters established the new classic style; by contrast, the Lombard School invented a new tradition, connected with the Paduan school. In this regard, The project of the central square of Vigevano created by Bramante, has developed a more eccentric style, an alternative to Alberti’s ideas of Architecture. L’intervento puntualizza la nascita di una “scuola” regionale in Lombardia alternativa ai modelli classicisti fiorentini, grazie alla coeva presenza di Bramante e Leonardo. Lo sperimentalismo dei due maestri trova riscontri in diverse loro opere, dal San Gerolamo al Cenacolo, dall’Incisione Prevedari alla Sala delle Asse. Il progetto di Bramante per la piazza di Vigevano si inserisce all’interno di tale tradizione eccentrica e sperimentale, assai originale e all’avanguardia.
description: Quaderni di Gargnano, 2021: Rinascimenti in transito a Milano (1450-1525)