cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Intracranial Manifestations of Tuberculosis: Case Series
Creators: name: Bayraktar, Ezgi Suat
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To learn MRI findings of intracranial tuberculosis (TB). To discuss companion TB manifestations which can help the diagnosis. To review potential forms of intracranial...
A contractile actomyosin network linked to adherens junctions by Canoe/afadin helps drive convergent extension
Creators: name: Sawyer, Jessica K.
name: Choi, Wangsun
name: Jung, Kuo Chen
name: Peifer, Mark
name: He, Li
name: Harris, Nathan J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Coordination of adhesion and the actin cytoskeleton is critical in morphogenesis. Drosophila germband extension is a model for convergent extension. Canoe/afadin is found to have a novel role in this process. It helps to coordinate a contractile apical actomyosin network with cell shape change and regulates apical polarity protein localization.Integrating individual cell movements to create tissue-level shape change is essential to building an animal. We explored mechanisms of adherens junction (AJ):cytoskeleton linkage and roles of the linkage regulator Canoe/afadin during Drosophila germband extension (GBE), a convergent-extension process elongating the body axis. We found surprising parallels between GBE and a quite different morphogenetic movement, mesoderm apical constriction. Germband cells have an apical actomyosin network undergoing cyclical contractions. These coincide with a novel cell shape change—cell extension along the anterior–posterior (AP) axis. In Canoe's absence, GBE is disrupted. The apical actomyosin network detaches from AJs at AP cell borders, reducing coordination of actomyosin contractility and cell shape change. Normal GBE requires planar polarization of AJs and the cytoskeleton. Canoe loss subtly enhances AJ planar polarity and dramatically increases planar polarity of the apical polarity proteins Bazooka/Par3 and atypical protein kinase C. Changes in Bazooka localization parallel retraction of the actomyosin network. Globally reducing AJ function does not mimic Canoe loss, but many effects are replicated by global actin disruption. Strong dose-sensitive genetic interactions between canoe and bazooka are consistent with them affecting a common process. We propose a model in which an actomyosin network linked at AP AJs by Canoe and coupled to apical polarity proteins regulates convergent extension.
Deconstructing the sscatenin destruction complex: mechanistic roles for the tumor suppressor APC in regulating Wnt signaling
Creators: name: Waldmann, Jon D.
name: Peifer, Mark
name: Roberts, David M.
name: Stephenson, Elise M.
name: Hanna, Shahnaz
name: Pronobis, Mira I.
name: Poulton, John S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: APC is a key tumor suppressor and Wnt signaling regulator, but its mechanism of action remains mysterious. We combined parallel assays in Drosophila and cultured human colon cancer cell lines to test hypotheses regarding APC function and to develop novel hypotheses, using mutants altering its structure in specific ways.Negatively regulating signaling by targeting key effectors for ubiquitina­tion/destruction is essential for development and oncogenesis. The tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), an essential negative regulator of Wnt signaling, provides a paradigm. APC mutations occur in most colon cancers. Acting in the “destruction complex” with Axin, glycogen synthase kinase 3, and casein kinase, APC targets ßcatenin (ßcat) for phosphorylation and recognition by an E3 ubiquitin-ligase. Despite 20 years of work, the internal workings of the destruction complex and APC's role remain largely mysterious. We use both Drosophila and colon cancer cells to test hypotheses for APC's mechanism of action. Our data are inconsistent with current models suggesting that high-affinity ßcat-binding sites on APC play key roles. Instead, they suggest that multiple ßcat-binding sites act additively to fine-tune signaling via cytoplasmic retention. We identify essential roles for two putative binding sites for new partners—20-amino-acid repeat 2 and conserved sequence B—in destruction complex action. Finally, we demonstrate that APC interacts with Axin by two different modes and provide evidence that conserved sequence B helps ensure release of APC from Axin, with disassembly critical in regulating ßcat levels. Using these data, we suggest a new model for destruction complex action in development, which also provides new insights into functions of truncated APC proteins in cancer.
title: LPAC syndrome : a forewarned radiologist is forearmed
Creators: name: SAKHY, YOUSSEF
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: MR-Cholangiography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Observer performance
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Genetic defects

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Low-Phospholipid Associated Cholelithiasis (LPAC) is a little-known genetic disease responsible for the development of intrahepatic lithiasis. The aim of this work is to summarize and illustrate, through a case diagnosed in our institution, the...
(401593) John Ferguson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Scripts and data for Genetic architecture, spatial heterogeneity, and the arms race betweennewts and snakes: Exploring coevolution with simulations
Creators: name: Caudill, Victoria
name: L. Ralph, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310405
subject: Evolutionary ecology

description: Scripts used for Genetic architecture, spatial heterogeneity, and the arms race between newts and snakes: Exploring coevolution with simulationsThese folders contain all scripts used in this project********************************************************************************This Study:
To better understand the dynamic interaction between spatial structure, genetic architecture, and coevolution, we conducted a simulation study, exploring a range of situations plausible for the Taricha newt Thamnophis garter snake system. To better understand the process of adaptive evolution across geographical space, this paper asks three main questions:
(1) How does the genetic architecture of the traits in newts and snakes affect how they coevolve?(2) Under what situations do we get spatial patterns of correlated traits as we see in the real world?(3) How fast does coevolution increase resistance and toxicity in these organisms with different combinations of genetic architectures?
In particular, we compare different levels of mutational variance and polygenicity using individual-based simulations of continuous geographic space. The results complement field observations by describing situations that are consistent with empirical observations, and exploring other possible outcomes.
********************************************************************************
Caudill, V., & Ralph, P. L. (2023). Genetic architecture, spatial heterogeneity, and the coevolutionary arms race between newts and snakes. bioRxiv. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.12.07.570693v2
Weak lensing of large scale structure in the presence of screening
Creators: name: Tessore, Nicolas
name: Winther, Hans A.
name: Metcalf, R. Benton
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
name: Giocoli, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of alternatives to general relativity exhibit gravitational screening in the non-linear regime of structure formation. We describe a set of algorithms that can produce weak lensing maps of large scale structure in such theories and can be used to generate mock surveys for cosmological analysis. By analysing a few basic statistics we indicate how these alternatives can be distinguished from general relativity with future weak lensing surveys.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, accepted by JCAP. v2: references update
Glucose regulates clathrin adaptors at the trans- Golgi network and endosomes
Creators: name: Aoh, Quyen L.
name: Graves, Lee M.
name: Duncan, Mara C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Traffic at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes is regulated by glucose via an unknown mechanism that depends on protein kinase A (PKA). TGN–endosomal clathrin adaptors exhibit specific responses to glucose starvation that likely are coordinated with other cell behaviors regulated by PKA.Glucose is a rich source of energy and the raw material for biomass increase. Many eukaryotic cells remodel their physiology in the presence and absence of glucose. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergoes changes in transcription, translation, metabolism, and cell polarity in response to glucose availability. Upon glucose starvation, translation initiation and cell polarity are immediately inhibited, and then gradually recover. In this paper, we provide evidence that, as in cell polarity and translation, traffic at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) and endosomes is regulated by glucose via an unknown mechanism that depends on protein kinase A (PKA). Upon glucose withdrawal, clathrin adaptors exhibit a biphasic change in localization: they initially delocalize from the membrane within minutes and later partially recover onto membranes. Additionally, the removal of glucose induces changes in posttranslational modifications of adaptors. Ras and Gpr1 signaling pathways, which converge on PKA, are required for changes in adaptor localization and changes in posttranslational modifications. Acute inhibition of PKA demonstrates that inhibition of PKA prior to glucose withdrawal prevents several adaptor responses to starvation. This study demonstrates that PKA activity prior to glucose starvation primes membrane traffic at the TGN and endosomes in response to glucose starvation.
How we discovered fluorescent speckle microscopy
Creators: name: Waterman, Clare M.
name: Salmon, Ted E.D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Fluorescent speckle microscopy (FSM) is a method for measuring the movements and dynamic assembly of macromolecular assemblies such as cytoskeletal filaments (e.g., microtubules and actin) or focal adhesions within large arrays in living cells or in preparations in vitro. The discovery of the method depended on recognizing the importance of unexpected fluorescence images of microtubules obtained by time-lapse recording of vertebrate epithelial cells in culture. In cells that were injected with fluorescent tubulin at ∼10% of the cytosol pool, microtubules typically appeared as smooth threads with a nearly constant fluorescence intensity. One day, when an unusually low concentration of fluorescent tubulin was injected into cells, the images from a sensitive cooled charge-coupled detector camera showed microtubules with an unusual “speckled” appearance—there were fluorescent dots with variable intensity and spacing along the microtubules. A first thought was that the speckles were an artifact. With further thought, we surmised that the speckles could be telling us something about stochastic association of tubulin dimers with the growing end of a microtubule. Numerous experiments confirmed the latter hypothesis. Subsequently the method we call FSM has proven to be very valuable. The speckles turned out not to be a meaningless artifact, but rather a serendipitous find.
(401589) James Cocks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Regulation of mitochondrial morphology by APC/C Cdh1 -mediated control of Drp1 stability
Creators: name: Horn, Sarah R.
name: Wu, Judy Q.
name: Newgard, Christopher B.
name: An, Jie
name: Ilkayeva, Olga R.
name: Yang, Chih Sheng
name: Kornbluth, Sally
name: Tang, Wanli
name: Thomenius, Michael J.
name: Johnson, Erika Segear
name: Rathmell, Jeffrey C.
name: Coloff, Jonathan L.
name: Freel, Christopher D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Mitochondria form an interconnected network that undergoes dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-dependent fission during mitosis. We demonstrate that changes in mitochondrial dynamics as cells exit mitosis are driven through ubiquitylation of Drp1 by the (anaphase- promoting complex/cyclosome and its coactivator Cdh1) APC/CCdh1 complex. Inhibition Drp1 degradation prevents the normal regrowth of mitochondrial networks during G1 phase.Homeostatic maintenance of cellular mitochondria requires a dynamic balance between fission and fusion, and controlled changes in morphology are important for processes such as apoptosis and cellular division. Interphase mitochondria have been described as an interconnected network that fragments as cells enter mitosis, and this mitotic mitochondrial fragmentation is known to be regulated by the dynamin-related GTPase Drp1 (dynamin-related protein 1), a key component of the mitochondrial division machinery. Loss of Drp1 function and the subsequent failure of mitochondrial division during mitosis lead to incomplete cytokinesis and the unequal distribution of mitochondria into daughter cells. During mitotic exit and interphase, the mitochondrial network reforms. Here we demonstrate that changes in mitochondrial dynamics as cells exit mitosis are driven in part through ubiquitylation of Drp1, catalyzed by the APC/CCdh1 (anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome and its coactivator Cdh1) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Importantly, inhibition of Cdh1-mediated Drp1 ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation during interphase prevents the normal G1 phase regrowth of mitochondrial networks following cell division.
Mass Estimates of a Giant Planet in a Protoplanetary Disk from the Gap Structures
Creators: name: Kanagawa, Kazuhiro D.
name: Muto, Takayuki
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
name: Tanigawa, Takayuki
name: Takeuchi, Taku
name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Momose, Munetake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A giant planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk forms a gap. An analytic relationship among the gap depth, planet mass $M_{p}$, disk aspect ratio $h_p$, and viscosity $α$ has been found recently, and the gap depth can be written in terms of a single parameter $K= (M_{p}/M_{\ast})^2 h_p^{-5} α^{-1}$. We discuss how observed gap features can be used to constrain the disk and/or planet parameters based on the analytic formula for the gap depth. The constraint on the disk aspect ratio is critical in determining the planet mass so the combination of the observations of the temperature and the image can provide a constraint on the planet mass. We apply the formula for the gap depth to observations of HL~Tau and HD~169142. In the case of HL~Tau, we propose that a planet with $\gtrsim 0.3$ is responsible for the observed gap at $30$~AU from the central star based on the estimate that the gap depth is $\lesssim 1/3$. In the case of HD~169142, the planet mass that causes the gap structure recently found by VLA is $\gtrsim 0.4 M_J$. We also argue that the spiral structure, if observed, can be used to estimate the lower limit of the disk aspect ratio and the planet mass.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
title: "Ball 'Til You Fall": An Imaging Review of Basketball Related Injuries
Creators: name: Gerard, Perry
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review the common and traumatic injuries associated with playing...
Resurrection of a functional phosphatidylinositol transfer protein from a pseudo-Sec14 scaffold by directed evolution
Creators: name: Shah, Sweety D.
name: Mousley, Carl J.
name: Trettin, Kyle
name: Schaaf, Gabriel
name: Winklbauer, Eva M.
name: Ortlund, Eric A.
name: Dynowski, Marek
name: Yanagisawa, Lora L.
name: Bankaitis, Vytas A.
name: Yuan, Peihua
name: De Campos, Marília K.F.
name: Smirnova, Tatyana I.
name: Quinones, Mary Chely
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Proteins of the Sec14 superfamily regulate phosphoinositide signaling, and dysfunction of individual members of this superfamily results in a variety of human diseases. This study uses a directed evolution approach as a novel prism through which the functional engineering of a Sec14-like phosphatidylinositol transfer protein can be observed.Sec14-superfamily proteins integrate the lipid metabolome with phosphoinositide synthesis and signaling via primed presentation of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) to PtdIns kinases. Sec14 action as a PtdIns-presentation scaffold requires heterotypic exchange of phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) for PtdIns, or vice versa, in a poorly understood progression of regulated conformational transitions. We identify mutations that confer Sec14-like activities to a functionally inert pseudo-Sec14 (Sfh1), which seemingly conserves all of the structural requirements for Sec14 function. Unexpectedly, the “activation” phenotype results from alteration of residues conserved between Sfh1 and Sec14. Using biochemical and biophysical, structural, and computational approaches, we find the activation mechanism reconfigures atomic interactions between amino acid side chains and internal water in an unusual hydrophilic microenvironment within the hydrophobic Sfh1 ligand-binding cavity. These altered dynamics reconstitute a functional “gating module” that propagates conformational energy from within the hydrophobic pocket to the helical unit that gates pocket access. The net effect is enhanced rates of phospholipid-cycling into and out of the Sfh1* hydrophobic pocket. Taken together, the directed evolution approach reveals an unexpectedly flexible functional engineering of a Sec14-like PtdIns transfer protein—an engineering invisible to standard bioinformatic, crystallographic, and rational mutagenesis approaches.
Additional file 2 of Host genetics and gut microbiota synergistically regulate feed utilization in egg-type chickens
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenxin
name: Lan, Fangren
name: Zhou, Qianqian
name: Gu, Shuang
name: Li, Xiaochang
name: Wen, Chaoliang
name: Yang, Ning
name: Sun, Congjiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Correlations among all recorded phenotypes, including daily feed intake, daily egg mass, daily body weight gain, metabolic body weight, feed conversion ratioand residual feed intake. The lower panel shows scatterplots for each pair of observations. Each point represents one individual.
(401590) William Methven
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Renewal structure and local time for diffusions in random environment
Creators: name: Andreoletti, Pierre
name: Devulder, Alexis
name: Vechambre, Grégoire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a one-dimensional diffusion $X$ in a drifted Brownian potential $W\_κ$, with $ 0\textless{}κ\textless{}1$, and focus on the behavior of the local times $(\mathcal{L}(t,x),x)$ of $X$ before time $t\textgreater{}0$.In particular we characterize the limit law of the supremum of the local time, as well as the position of the favorite sites. These limits can be written explicitly from a two dimensional stable L{é}vy process. Our analysis is based on the study of an extension of the renewal structure which is deeply involved in the asymptotic behavior of $X$.
description: 61 pages
title: Liver Lesion Classification with Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LIRADS): What Radiologists and Clinicians Need to Know.
Creators: name: Anan, Rania
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Staging
subject: Cancer
subject: Infection
subject: Metastases

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Focused emphasis on liver cirrhosis and Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions with case-based examples & LIRADS. 2. Understanding the role of LIRAD in facilitation of the communication between radiologists and referring physicians. 3....
title: Comprehensive Overview of Nasal Pyogenic Granuloma: The Story So Far.
Creators: name: Anan, Rania
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Head and neck
subject: Oncology
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Embolisation
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Cancer
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To discuss etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation, risk factors and histopathology of Nasal Pyogenic Granuloma (NPG). To provide case-based example understanding of CT and MRI imaging features of NPG. To discuss differential diagnosis and highlight...
title: A practical approach to imaging the axilla
Creators: name: Hajjar, Chaymae
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer
subject: Metastases

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Knowledge of normal axillary anatomy to determine the etiology of an axillary mass. Review the indications for axillary imaging and discuss the diagnostic imaging techniques and percutaneous interventions of an axillary mass. ​ Present the imaging...
(401591) William Nicoll
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Reduced Magnetic Resonance Angiography Signal Intensity in the Middle Cerebral Artery Ipsilateral to Severe Carotid Stenosis may be a Practical Index of High Oxygen Extraction Fraction
Creators: name: Mori, Takahisa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: SPECT
subject: Arterial access
subject: Catheters
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: An increased oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) due to decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) is an independent predictor of subsequent stroke in patients with carotid artery stenosis or occlusion. Furthermore, intracranial haemorrhage due to...
The endoplasmic reticulum-associated Hsp40 DNAJB12 and Hsc70 cooperate to facilitate RMA1 E3-dependent degradation of nascent CFTR F508
Creators: name: Cyr, Douglas M.
name: Fan, Chun Yang
name: Ren, Hong Yu
name: Grove, Diane E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: A specialized Hsp40 protein, DNAJB12, was found to function on the cytoplasmic face of the ER with the RMA1 E3 ligase to regulate the folding efficiency of CFTR.Relative contributions of folding kinetics versus protein quality control (QC) activity in the partitioning of non-native proteins between life and death are not clear. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) biogenesis serves as an excellent model to study this question because folding of nascent CFTR is inefficient and deletion of F508 causes accumulation of CFTRΔF508 in a kinetically trapped, but foldable state. Herein, a novel endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated Hsp40, DNAJB12 (JB12) is demonstrated to play a role in control of CFTR folding efficiency. JB12 cooperates with cytosolic Hsc70 and the ubiquitin ligase RMA1 to target CFTR and CFTRΔF508 for degradation. Modest elevation of JB12 decreased nascent CFTR and CFTRΔF508 accumulation while increasing association of Hsc70 with ER forms of CFTR and the RMA1 E3 complex. Depletion of JB12 increased CFTR folding efficiency up to threefold and permitted a pool of CFTRΔF508 to fold and escape the ER. Introduction of the V510D misfolding suppressor mutation into CFTRΔF508 modestly increased folding efficiency, whereas combined inactivation of JB12 and suppression of intrinsic folding defects permitted CFTRΔF508 to fold at 50% of wild-type efficiency. Therapeutic correction of CFTRΔF508 misfolding in cystic fibrosis patients may require repair of defective folding kinetics and suppression of ER QC factors, such as JB12.
Additional file 3 of Host genetics and gut microbiota synergistically regulate feed utilization in egg-type chickens
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenxin
name: Lan, Fangren
name: Zhou, Qianqian
name: Gu, Shuang
name: Li, Xiaochang
name: Wen, Chaoliang
name: Yang, Ning
name: Sun, Congjiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S2. Number of taxa classified from phylum to species with high-quality ASVs.
Random planar maps & growth-fragmentations
Creators: name: Bertoin, Jean
name: Curien, Nicolas
name: Kortchemski, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We are interested in the cycles obtained by slicing at all heights random Boltzmann triangulations with a simple boundary. We establish a functional invariance principle for the lengths of these cycles, appropriately rescaled, as the size of the boundary grows. The limiting process is described using a self-similar growth-fragmentation process with explicit parameters. To this end, we introduce a branching peeling exploration of Boltzmann triangulations, which allows us to identify a crucial martingale involving the perimeters of cycles at given heights. We also use a recent result concerning self-similar scaling limits of Markov chains on the nonnegative integers. A motivation for this work is to give a new construction of the Brownian map from a growth-fragmentation process.
description: 43 pages, 8 figures. Final version, to appear in Ann. Probab
The microtubule lattice and plus-end association of Drosophila Mini spindles is spatially regulated to fine-tune microtubule dynamics
Creators: name: Stewman, Shannon
name: Schimizzi, Gregory
name: Currie, Joshua D.
name: Rogers, Stephen L.
name: Slep, Kevin C.
name: Ao, Ma
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: An in vivo structure–function analysis of the Drosophila homologue Mini spindles (Msps) identified novel domains that are necessary for the interplay between the conserved TOG domains and inter-TOG microtubule (MT) binding that underlies the ability of Msps to promote MT dynamic instability.Individual microtubules (MTs) exhibit dynamic instability, a behavior in which they cycle between phases of growth and shrinkage while the total amount of MT polymer remains constant. Dynamic instability is promoted by the conserved XMAP215/Dis1 family of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). In this study, we conducted an in vivo structure–function analysis of the Drosophila homologue Mini spindles (Msps). Msps exhibits EB1-dependent and spatially regulated MT localization, targeting to microtubule plus ends in the cell interior and decorating the lattice of growing and shrinking microtubules in the cell periphery. RNA interference rescue experiments revealed that the NH2-terminal four TOG domains of Msps function as paired units and were sufficient to promote microtubule dynamics and EB1 comet formation. We also identified TOG5 and novel inter-TOG linker motifs that are required for targeting Msps to the microtubule lattice. These novel microtubule contact sites are necessary for the interplay between the conserved TOG domains and inter-TOG MT binding that underlies the ability of Msps to promote MT dynamic instability.
title: Features of pulmonary vasculopathy in COVID -19 imaging - Looking beyond the clot. A pictorial review.
Creators: name: Mohamed, Mariyam
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Thorax
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate and describe the features of pulmonary vasculopathy on CT pulmonary...
(401587) George Addison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The single Drosophila ZO-1 protein Polychaetoid regulates embryonic morphogenesis in coordination with Canoe/afadin and Enabled
Creators: name: Jung, Kuo Chen
name: Fanning, Alan S.
name: Beitel, Greg J.
name: Bhat, Manzoor A.
name: Choi, Wangsun
name: Peifer, Mark
name: Nelson, Kevin S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Analysis of the function of the fly ZO-1 homologue Polychaetoid shows that it is not essential for junctional assembly or maintenance but does play an important role in embryonic morphogenesis. The data suggest that it works with Canoe/afadin and the actin regulator Enabled to regulate actin anchoring at junctions.Adherens and tight junctions play key roles in assembling epithelia and maintaining barriers. In cell culture zonula occludens (ZO)–family proteins are important for assembly/maturation of both tight and adherens junctions (AJs). Genetic studies suggest that ZO proteins are important during normal development, but interpretation of mouse and fly studies is limited by genetic redundancy and/or a lack of null alleles. We generated null alleles of the single Drosophila ZO protein Polychaetoid (Pyd). Most embryos lacking Pyd die with striking defects in morphogenesis of embryonic epithelia including the epidermis, segmental grooves, and tracheal system. Pyd loss does not dramatically affect AJ protein localization or initial localization of actin and myosin during dorsal closure. However, Pyd loss does affect several cell behaviors that drive dorsal closure. The defects, which include segmental grooves that fail to retract, a disrupted leading edge actin cable, and reduced zippering as leading edges meet, closely resemble defects in canoe zygotic null mutants and in embryos lacking the actin regulator Enabled (Ena), suggesting that these proteins act together. Canoe (Cno) and Pyd are required for proper Ena localization during dorsal closure, and strong genetic interactions suggest that Cno, Pyd, and Ena act together in regulating or anchoring the actin cytoskeleton during dorsal closure.
The effects of overtaking strategy in the Nagel-Schreckenberg model
Creators: name: Su, Zhu
name: Deng, Weibing
name: Zhao, Longfeng
name: Han, Jihui
name: Li, Wei
name: Cai, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Nagel-Schreckenberg (NS) model with periodic boundary conditions, we proposed the NSOS model by adding the overtaking strategy (OS). In our model, overtaking vehicles are randomly selected with probability $q$ at each time step, and the successful overtaking is determined by their velocities. We observed that (i) traffic jams still occur in the NSOS model; (ii) OS increases the traffic flow in the regime where the densities exceed the maximum flow density. We also studied the phase transition (from free flow phase to jammed phase) of the NSOS model by analyzing the overtaking success rate, order parameter, relaxation time and correlation function, respectively. It was shown that the NSOS model differs from the NS model mainly in the jammed regime, and the influence of OS on the transition density is dominated by the braking probability $p$
description: 9 pages, 20 figures, to be published in The European Physical Journal B (EPJB)
(401588) Peter Geddes Walker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 4 of Host genetics and gut microbiota synergistically regulate feed utilization in egg-type chickens
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenxin
name: Lan, Fangren
name: Zhou, Qianqian
name: Gu, Shuang
name: Li, Xiaochang
name: Wen, Chaoliang
name: Yang, Ning
name: Sun, Congjiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S3. Heritability estimates for microbial genera with a detection rate ≥ 30% in diverse segments.
title: Imaging and Interventions in Budd Chiari syndrome
Creators: name: chaluvashetty, Sreedhara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Recanalisation
subject: Stents
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To provide a compact understanding about the pathophysiology and imaging features of Budd-Chiari syndrome To describe various interventions that can be offered by interventional radiologist in the management of Budd-Chiari...
title: Photon counting spectral computed tomography for localization and quantitative assessment of adipose tissue and vasculature
Creators: name: Vardhanabhuti, Varut
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Contrast agents
subject: Hybrid Imaging
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: CT
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: PET-CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Segmentation
subject: Kv imaging
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Obesity has reached epidemic levels, and as a potential treatment, utilizing the thermogenic property of brown adipose tissues (BAT) has drawn attention [1], [2]. BAT differs from white adipose tissue (WAT) in lipid-water content. To detect the...
Screening and Comparative Characterization of Microorganisms from Iranian Soil Samples Showing ω-Transaminase Activity toward a Plethora of Substrates
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Najme Gord Noshahri
name: Fooladi, Jamshid
name: Syldatk, Christoph
name: Engel, Ulrike
name: Mehrjerdi, Mohammad Zare
name: Rudat, Jens
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry

description: In this study, soil microorganisms from Iran were screened for ω-transaminase (ω-TA) activity based on growth on minimal media containing (rac)-α-methylbenzylamine (rac-α-MBA) as a sole nitrogen source. Then, for the selection of strains with high enzyme activity, a colorimetric o-xylylendiamine assay was conducted. The most promising strains were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. Five microorganisms showing high ω-TA activity were subjected to determine optimal conditions for ω-TA activity, including pH, temperature, co-solvent, and the specificity of the ω-TA toward diαerent amine donors and acceptors. Among the five screened microorganisms, Bacillus halotolerans turned out to be the most promising strain: Its cell-free extract showed a highly versatile amino donor spectrum toward aliphatic, aromatic chiral amines and a broad range of pH activity. Transaminase activity also exhibited excellent solvent tolerance, with maximum turnover in the presence of 30% (v/v) DMSO.
Vimentin organization modulates the formation of lamellipodia
Creators: name: Mendez, Melissa G.
name: Murthy, S. N.Prasanna
name: Wu, Yi I.
name: Mahammad, Saleemulla
name: Wedig, Tatjana
name: Goldman, Robert D.
name: Inagaki, Masaki
name: Herrmann, Harald
name: Grin, Boris
name: Shumaker, Dale K.
name: Helfand, Brian T.
name: Aebi, Ueli
name: Hahn, Klaus M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The disassembly and withdrawal of vimentin intermediate filaments (VIF) from the plasma membrane induces membrane ruffling and the formation of a lamellipodium. Conversely, lamellipodium formation is inhibited when VIF are present.Vimentin intermediate filaments (VIF) extend throughout the rear and perinuclear regions of migrating fibroblasts, but only nonfilamentous vimentin particles are present in lamellipodial regions. In contrast, VIF networks extend to the entire cell periphery in serum-starved or nonmotile fibroblasts. Upon serum addition or activation of Rac1, VIF are rapidly phosphorylated at Ser-38, a p21-activated kinase phosphorylation site. This phosphorylation of vimentin is coincident with VIF disassembly at and retraction from the cell surface where lamellipodia form. Furthermore, local induction of photoactivatable Rac1 or the microinjection of a vimentin mimetic peptide (2B2) disassemble VIF at sites where lamellipodia subsequently form. When vimentin organization is disrupted by a dominant-negative mutant or by silencing, there is a loss of polarity, as evidenced by the formation of lamellipodia encircling the entire cell, as well as reduced cell motility. These findings demonstrate an antagonistic relationship between VIF and the formation of lamellipodia.
Invisible Higgs Decay at the LHeC
Creators: name: Tang, Yi-Lei
name: Zhang, Chen
name: Zhu, Shou-hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility that the 125 GeV Higgs boson may decay into invisible non-standard-model (non-SM) particles is theoretically and phenomenologically intriguing. In this letter we investigate the sensitivity of the Large Hadron Electron Collider (LHeC) to an invisibly decaying Higgs, in its proposed high luminosity running mode. We focus on the neutral current Higgs production channel which offers more kinematical handles than its charged current counterpart. The signal contains one electron, one jet and large missing energy. With a cut-based parton level analysis, we estimate that if the $hZZ$ coupling is at its standard model (SM) value, then assuming an integrated luminosity of $1\,\mbox{ab}^{-1}$ the LHeC with the proposed 60 GeV electron beam (with $-0.9$ polarization) and 7 TeV proton beam is capable of probing $\mathrm{Br}(h\rightarrow E\!\!\!\!/_T)=6\%$ at $2σ$ level. Good lepton veto performance (especially hadronic $τ$ veto) in the forward region is crucial to the suppression of the dominant $Wje$ background. We also explicitly point out the important role that may be played by the LHeC in probing a wide class of exotic Higgs decay processes and emphasize the general function of lepton-hadron colliders in precision study of new resonances after their discovery in hadron-hadron collisions.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Description of the backgrounds, analysis and results is simplified. Results unchanged with respect to v2. References updated
Identification of pulsational modes in rotating slowly pulsating B-type stars
Creators: name: Szewczuk, W.
name: Daszyńska-Daszkiewicz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Knowledge of the geometry of pulsational modes is a prerequisite for seismic modelling of stars. In the case of slowly pulsating B-type (SPB) pulsators, the simple zero-rotation approach so far used for mode identification is usually not valid because pulsational frequencies are often of the order of the rotational frequency. Moreover, this approach allows us to determine only the spherical harmonic degree, $\ell$, while the azimuthal order, $m$, is beyond its reach. On the other hand, because of the density of oscillation spectra of SPB stars, knowledge of $m$ is indispensable if one wants to assign the radial order, $n$, to the observed frequency peaks. Including the effects of rotation via the traditional approximation, we perform identification of the mode angular numbers ($\ell,~m$) for 31 SPB stars with available multicolour time series photometry. Simultaneously, constraints on the rotational velocity, $V_{\rm rot}$, and the inclination angle, $i$, are determined assuming uniform rotation and a constant value of $V_{\rm rot}\sin i$. Dependence of the results on the adopted model is tested using HD\,21071 as an example. Despite some model uncertainties and limitations of the method, our studies show the correct approach to identifying the low-frequency oscillation modes.
description: accepted in MNRAS, 21 pages, 9 figures
title: Radiomics-derived Response Assessment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization: A review
Creators: name: Fu, Jia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: CT
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: Education and training
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1.Recognize tumor response evaluation criteria2.Discuss the limitations in the evaluation of tumor response when employing conventional examination3.Review the utility of radiomics in the evaluation of tumor response in the era of big...