Detecting cosmic rays with the LOFAR radio telescope
Creators: name: Schellart, P.
name: Nelles, A.
name: Buitink, S.
name: Corstanje, A.
name: Enriquez, J. E.
name: Falcke, H.
name: Frieswijk, W.
name: Hörandel, J. R.
name: Horneffer, A.
name: James, C. W.
name: Krause, M.
name: Mevius, M.
name: Scholten, O.
name: ter Veen, S.
name: Thoudam, S.
name: Akker, M. van den
name: Alexov, A.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Avruch, I. M.
name: Bähren, L.
name: Beck, R.
name: Bell, M. E.
name: Bennema, P.
name: Bentum, M. J.
name: Bernardi, G.
name: Best, P.
name: Bregman, J.
name: Breitling, F.
name: Brentjens, M.
name: Broderick, J.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Ciardi, B.
name: Coolen, A.
name: de Gasperin, F.
name: de Geus, E.
name: de Jong, A.
name: de Vos, M.
name: Duscha, S.
name: Eislöffel, J.
name: Fallows, R. A.
name: Ferrari, C.
name: Garrett, M. A.
name: Grießmeier, J.
name: Grit, T.
name: Hamaker, J. P.
name: Hassall, T. E.
name: Heald, G.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Hoeft, M.
name: Holties, H. A.
name: Iacobelli, M.
name: Juette, E.
name: Karastergiou, A.
name: Klijn, W.
name: Kohler, J.
name: Kondratiev, V. I.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Kuniyoshi, M.
name: Kuper, G.
name: Maat, P.
name: Macario, G.
name: Mann, G.
name: Markoff, S.
name: McKay-Bukowski, D.
name: McKean, J. P.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Mol, J. D.
name: Mulcahy, D. D.
name: Munk, H.
name: Nijboer, R.
name: Norden, M. J.
name: Orru, E.
name: Overeem, R.
name: Paas, H.
name: Pandey-Pommier, M.
name: Pizzo, R.
name: Polatidis, A. G.
name: Renting, A.
name: Romein, J. W.
name: Röttgering, H.
name: Schoenmakers, A.
name: Schwarz, D.
name: Sluman, J.
name: Smirnov, O.
name: Sobey, C.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Swinbank, J.
name: Tang, Y.
name: Tasse, C.
name: Toribio, C.
name: van Leeuwen, J.
name: van Nieuwpoort, R.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Vermaas, N.
name: Vermeulen, R.
name: Vocks, C.
name: Vogt, C.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
name: Wijnholds, S. J.
name: Wise, M. W.
name: Wucknitz, O.
name: Yatawatta, S.
name: Zarka, P.
name: Zensus, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low frequency array (LOFAR), is the first radio telescope designed with the capability to measure radio emission from cosmic-ray induced air showers in parallel with interferometric observations. In the first $\sim 2\,\mathrm{years}$ of observing, 405 cosmic-ray events in the energy range of $10^{16} - 10^{18}\,\mathrm{eV}$ have been detected in the band from $30 - 80\,\mathrm{MHz}$. Each of these air showers is registered with up to $\sim1000$ independent antennas resulting in measurements of the radio emission with unprecedented detail. This article describes the dataset, as well as the analysis pipeline, and serves as a reference for future papers based on these data. All steps necessary to achieve a full reconstruction of the electric field at every antenna position are explained, including removal of radio frequency interference, correcting for the antenna response and identification of the pulsed signal.