cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Matrix concentration inequalities and efficiency of random universal sets of quantum gates
Creators: name: Dulian, Piotr
name: Sawicki, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a random set $\mathcal{S} \subset U(d)$ of quantum gates we provide bounds on the probability that $\mathcal{S}$ forms a $δ$-approximate $t$-design. In particular we have found that for $\mathcal{S}$ drawn from an exact $t$-design the probability that it forms a $δ$-approximate $t$-design satisfies the inequality $\mathbb{P}\left(δ\geq x \right)\leq 2D_t \, \frac{e^{-|\mathcal{S}| x \, \mathrm{arctanh}(x)}}{(1-x^2)^{|\mathcal{S}|/2}} = O\left( 2D_t \left( \frac{e^{-x^2}}{\sqrt{1-x^2}} \right)^{|\mathcal{S}|} \right)$, where $D_t$ is a sum over dimensions of unique irreducible representations appearing in the decomposition of $U \mapsto U^{\otimes t}\otimes \bar{U}^{\otimes t}$. We use our results to show that to obtain a $δ$-approximate $t$-design with probability $P$ one needs $O( δ^{-2}(t\log(d)-\log(1-P)))$ many random gates. We also analyze how $δ$ concentrates around its expected value $\mathbb{E}δ$ for random $\mathcal{S}$. Our results are valid for both symmetric and non-symmetric sets of gates.
description: 36 pages, 6 figures, some typos fixed and other minor changes
Categorical-Symmetry Resolved Entanglement in CFT
Creators: name: Saura-Bastida, P.
name: Das, A.
name: Sierra, G.
name: Molina-Vilaplana, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a symmetry resolution of entanglement for categorical non-invertible symmetries (CaT-SREE) in (1 + 1)-dimensional CFTs. The definition parallels that of group-like invertible symmetries, employing the concept of symmetric boundary states with respect to a categorical symmetry. Our examination extends to rational CFTs, where the behavior of CaT-SREE mirrors that of group-like invertible symmetries. We find that CaT-SREE can be defined if there is no obstruction to gauging the categorical symmetry, as happens in the case of group-like symmetries. We also provide instances of the breakdown of entanglement equipartition at the next-to-leading order in the cutoff expansion. Our findings shed light on how the interplay between conformal boundary conditions and categorical symmetries lead to specific patterns in the entanglement entropy.
description: 6 pages + 3 pages appendix, 1 figure. v2: matches published version
Gauge dependence of the quark gap equation: an exploratory study
Creators: name: Lessa, José Roberto
name: Serna, Fernando E.
name: El-Bennich, Bruno
name: Bashir, Adnan
name: Oliveira, Orlando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gauge dependence of the quark propagator in quantum chromodynamics by solving the gap equation with a nonperturbative quark-gluon vertex which is constrained by longitudinal and transverse Slavnov-Taylor identities, the discrete charge conjugation and parity symmetries and which is free of kinematic singularities in the limit of equal incoming and outgoing quark momenta. We employ gluon propagators in renormalizable $R_ξ$ gauges obtained in lattice QCD studies. We report the dependence of the nonperturbative quark propagator on the gauge parameter, in particular we observe an increase, proportional to the gauge-fixing parameter, of the mass function in the infrared domain, whereas the wave renormalization decreases within the range $0 \leq ξ\leq 1$ considered here. The chiral quark condensate reveals a mild gauge dependence in the region of $ξ$ investigated. We comment on how to build and improve upon this exploratory study in future in conjunction with generalized gauge covariance relations for QCD.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, version accepted for publication in PRD
Hopf Solitons in the AFZ Model
Creators: name: Gillard, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Aratyn-Ferreira-Zimerman (AFZ) model is a conformal field theory in three-dimensional space. It has solutions that are topological solitons classified by an integer-valued Hopf index. There exist infinitely many axial solutions which have been found analytically. Axial, knot and linked solitons are found numerically to be static solutions using a modified volume preserving flow for Hopf index one to eight, allowing for comparison with other Hopf soliton models. Solutions include a static trefoil knot at Hopf index five. A one-parameter family of conformal Skyrme-Faddeev (CSF) models, consisting of linear combinations of the Nicole and AFZ models, are also investigated numerically. The transition of solutions for Hopf index four is mapped across these models. A topological change between linked and axial solutions occurs, with fewer models permitting axial solitons than linked solitons at Hopf index four.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures and 2 tables
Decomposing past and future: Integrated information decomposition based on shared probability mass exclusions
Creators: name: Varley, Thomas F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A core feature of complex systems is that the interactions between elements in the present causally constrain each-other as the system evolves through time. To fully model all of these interactions (between elements, as well as ensembles of elements), we can decompose the total information flowing from past to future into a set of non-overlapping temporal interactions that describe all the different modes by which information can flow. To achieve this, we propose a novel information-theoretic measure of temporal dependency ($I_{τsx}$) based on informative and misinformative local probability mass exclusions. To demonstrate the utility of this framework, we apply the decomposition to spontaneous spiking activity recorded from dissociated neural cultures of rat cerebral cortex to show how different modes of information processing are distributed over the system. Furthermore, being a localizable analysis, we show that $I_{τsx}$ can provide insight into the computational structure of single moments. We explore the time-resolved computational structure of neuronal avalanches and find that different types of information atoms have distinct profiles over the course of an avalanche, with the majority of non-trivial information dynamics happening before the first half of the cascade is completed. These analyses allow us to move beyond the historical focus on single measures of dependency such as information transfer or information integration, and explore a panoply of different relationships between elements (and groups of elements) in complex systems.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
'Cusp' solutions in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Davydov, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-dilaton-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is investigated on existence of solutions with mild singularities, not shielded by the event horizons. These still may have sense since presumably such singularities will be smoothed by corrections to Einstein theory from quantum gravity/string theory. We show that gravity with the first-order correction, the Gauss--Bonnet term, gives rise to special types of singularities, which we call 'cusps', with 1/2-th and 1/3-th powers in series expansion. The full space then can be split onto several cusps with classically impenetrable borders, and/or flat asymptotic.
description: 6 pages, 3 Postscript figures
Restoration of endodontically treated immature teeth : influence of post fit on bonding properties of conventionally and adhesively luted fiber-reinforced composite posts
Creators: name: Berthold, Christine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Objective: To evaluate the influence of post fit and luting system on pull-out force and failure mode of conventionally and adhesively luted fiber-reinforced composite posts (FRCP). Methods: 260 extracted bovine deciduous teeth were randomly assigned to each of the four luting systems (Fuji Plus (FP), RelyX Unicem (RXU), Multilink Primer/Multilink (MLP_ML), LuxaBond/LuxaCore Z (LB_LCZ and three post fits (Congruency (C), medium incongruency (MIC), high incongruency (HIC)) (n=20/group). The teeth were decapitated, root canal treated, embedded and post space was prepared. The FRCPs (Macro-Lock Post sizes 1, 3 and 6) were pretreated and inserted, according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The custom-made titanium-post was inserted with Ketac Cem (control) (n=20). After water storage (24h, 37°C), pull-out test was performed. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (p>0.05), Two-way ANOVA and post-hoc tests (Dunnett T3 with Bonferroni correction) (α=0.05). Failure mode was assessed using a stereomicroscope. Results: The influence of post fit and luting system was statistically significant (p<0.001), while the interaction of the two factors was not (p = 0.030). When comparing pull-out forces for the three post fits, significant differences (p < 0.017) were found between C (436.6±148.7 N) and MIC (426.0±102.1 N) and C and HIC (397.5±89.8 N). Failure mode was dominated by failure between dentin and luting system (64.2-70.7%) and between luting system and post (29.3-35.5%), for all post fit groups. Pairwise comparison revealed significant differences in pull-out force (p < 0.008) for all luting systems (FP: 441.2±44.9 N, RXU: 390.7±80.5 N, MLP_ML: 379.3±106.8 N, LB_LCZ: 544.0±96.6 N), except when comparing RXU and MLP_ML. Pull-out forces, achieved with all luting systems, were significantly higher compared to the control (211.2±35.1 N). The main failure for FP was found between luting system and post (92.3%) while main failure for RXU (99.5%), MLP_ML (95.8%), LB_LCZ (65.5%) was found between dentin and luting system. Conclusion: Post fit and luting system influenced the pull-out force of conventionally and adhesively luted FRCPs. Congruent post fit achieved the highest pull-out forces. The three-step Etch & Rinse adhesive luting system LB_LCZ generated considerably higher pull-out forces than all other tested luting systems.
Evolution of Dopant-Concentration-Induced Magnetic Exchange Interaction in Topological Insulator Thin Films
Creators: name: Wang, Fei
name: Zhao, Yi-Fan
name: Yan, Zijie
name: Yi, Hemian
name: Yuan, Wei
name: Zhou, Lingjie
name: Zhao, Weiwei
name: Chan, Moses H. W.
name: Chang, Cui-Zu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two essential ingredients for the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect, i.e. topological and magnetic orders, can be combined by doping magnetic ions into a topological insulator (TI) film. Through this approach, the QAH effect has been realized in chromium (Cr)- and/or vanadium (V)-doped TI (Bi,Sb)2Te3 thin films. In this work, we synthesize both V- and Cr-doped Bi2Te3 thin films with controlled dopant concentration using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). By performing magneto-transport measurements, we find that both systems show an unusual but yet similar ferromagnetic response with respect to magnetic dopant concentration, specifically the Curie temperature does not increase monotonically but shows a local maximum at a critical dopant concentration. Our angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements show that the Cr/V doping introduces hole carriers into Bi2Te3, which consequently move the chemical potential toward the charge neutral point. In addition, the Cr/V doping also reduces the spin-orbit coupling of Bi2Te3 which drives it from a nontrivial TI to a trivial semiconductor. The unusual ferromagnetic response observed in Cr/V-doped Bi2Te3 thin films is attributed to the dopant-concentration-induced magnetic exchange interaction, which displays the evolution from the van Vleck-type ferromagnetism in a nontrivial magnetic TI to the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY)-type ferromagnetism in a trivial diluted magnetic semiconductor. Our work provides insights into the ferromagnetic properties of magnetically doped TI thin films and facilitates the pursuit of high-temperature QAH effect.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. Comments are welcome
A case-control study of thallium exposure with the risk of premature ovarian insufficiency in women
Creators: name: Ma, Xiaochen
name: Pan, Wuye
name: Zhu, Zheying
name: Ye, Xiaoqing
name: Li, Chunming
name: Zhou, Jianhong
name: Liu, Jing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Thallium exposure has been associated with female reproductive health, but little is known about its potential association with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). In this study, a total of 169 patients with POI and 209 healthy women were recruited from Zhejiang province, China. Urinary thallium concentrations were significantly positively associated with the risk of POI [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.25–2.13, p < 0.001], geometric mean values of which were significantly higher in POI cases (0.213 μg/L, 0.302 μg/g for creatinine adjustment) than those of controls (0.153 μg/L, 0.233 μg/g for creatinine adjustment). Furthermore, the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were positively associated with urinary thallium concentrations, whereas anti-Mullerian hormone and estradiol were negatively correlated with thallium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to provide evidence that thallium exposure at currently environmental levels is the potential risk factor for POI in women.
Variable Selection for Nonparametric Gaussian Process Priors: Models and Computational Strategies
Creators: name: Savitsky, Terrance
name: Vannucci, Marina
name: Sha, Naijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a unified treatment of Gaussian process models that extends to data from the exponential dispersion family and to survival data. Our specific interest is in the analysis of data sets with predictors that have an a priori unknown form of possibly nonlinear associations to the response. The modeling approach we describe incorporates Gaussian processes in a generalized linear model framework to obtain a class of nonparametric regression models where the covariance matrix depends on the predictors. We consider, in particular, continuous, categorical and count responses. We also look into models that account for survival outcomes. We explore alternative covariance formulations for the Gaussian process prior and demonstrate the flexibility of the construction. Next, we focus on the important problem of selecting variables from the set of possible predictors and describe a general framework that employs mixture priors. We compare alternative MCMC strategies for posterior inference and achieve a computationally efficient and practical approach. We demonstrate performances on simulated and benchmark data sets.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS354 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Multimodal distribution of transient time of predator extinction in a three-species food chain
Creators: name: Pattanayak, Debarghya
name: Mishra, Arindam
name: Dana, Syamal K.
name: Bairagi, Nandadulal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of transient dynamics captures the time history of any dramatic changes in the dynamics of a system. The transient dynamics is investigated here in a classic ecological model of a bistable tri-trophic food chain. All the species in the food chain either coexist or undergoes a partial extinction with the loss of predator after a transient time that depends upon the initial density of species populations. The distribution of transient time of extinction of the predator in response to initial states shows interesting pattern of inhomogeneity and anisotropy in the basin of predator-fee state. Precisely, the distribution shows a multimodal character when the initial points are near the basin boundary, and unimodal at locations far from the border. The distribution is also anisotropic in the sense that the number of modes depends on the direction from the basin location. We define two new metrics, viz., homogeneity index and local isotropic index to characterize the distinctive features of the distribution. The inhomogeneity of distribution reduces significantly with resource enrichment, however, a similar change in anisotropy is relatively low. We try to explain the origin of such multimodal distributions from the dynamical system perspectives and present its ecological implications.
Charge Collective Modes in Correlated Electron Systems: Plasmons Beyond the Random Phase Approximation
Creators: name: Philoxene, Loïc
name: Dao, Vu Hung
name: Frésard, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elucidating the impact of strong electronic interactions on the collective excitations of metallic systems has been of longstanding interest, mainly due to the inadequacy of the random phase approximation (RPA) in the strongly correlated regime. Here, we adopt our newly developed radial Kotliar and Ruckenstein slave boson representation to analyze the charge excitation spectrum of a Hubbard model, extended with long range interactions. Working on the face centered cubic lattice, at half filling, and in different coupling regimes ranging from uncorrelated to the metal-to-insulator transition, we compare our results to conventional RPA as a benchmark. We focus on the influence of the local and long range couplings on the particle-hole excitation continuum and the plasmon and upper Hubbard band collective modes. Beyond the weak coupling regime, we find numerous quantitative and even qualitative discrepancies between our method and standard RPA. Our work thus deepens the understanding of charge collective modes in correlated systems, and lays the foundations for future studies of a broad series of materials.
description: New version: 5+11 pages, 3+1 figures
TitlePage_MMaye.docx
Creators: name: Boyd, Brian
name: Halladay, Alycia
name: Thurm, Audrey
name: Martinez Pedraza, Frances
name: Mandell, David S.
Publisher: name: Health Research Alliance
Year: 2021
Subjects: Clinical Psychology

description: Autistic individuals who are also people of color or from lower socioeconomic strata are historically underrepresented in research. Lack of representation in autism research has contributed to health and healthcare disparities. Reducing these disparities will require culturally competent research that is relevant to under-resourced communities as well as collecting large nationally representative samples, or samples in which traditionally disenfranchised groups are over-represented. To achieve these goals, a diverse group of culturally competent researchers must partner with and gain the trust of communities to identify and eliminate barriers to participating in research. We suggest community-academic partnerships as one promising approach that results in high-quality research built on cultural competency, respect, and shared decision making.
Solutions to the restricted three-body problem with variable mass
Creators: name: da Silva, Tiago Amancio
name: Letelier, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look for particular solutions to the restricted three-body problem where the bodies are allowed to either lose or gain mass to or from a static atmosphere. In the case that all the masses are proportional to the same function of time,we find analogous solution to the five stationary solutions of the usual restricted problem of constant masses: the three collinear and the two triangular solutions, but now the relative distance of the bodies changes with time at the same rate. Under some restrictions, there are also coplanar, infinitely remote and ring solutions.
Mental Health Pandemic during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Social Media as a Window to Public Mental Health
Creators: name: Bak, Michelle
name: Chiu, Chungyi
name: Chin, Jessie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intensified preventive measures during the COVID-19 pandemic, such as lockdown and social distancing, heavily increased the perception of social isolation (i.e., a discrepancy between one's social needs and the provisions of the social environment) among young adults. Social isolation is closely associated with situational loneliness (i.e., loneliness emerging from environmental change), a risk factor for depressive symptoms. Prior research suggested vulnerable young adults are likely to seek support from an online social platform such as Reddit, a perceived comfortable environment for lonely individuals to seek mental health help through anonymous communication with a broad social network. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze depression-related dialogues on loneliness subreddits during the COVID-19 outbreak, with the implications on depression-related infoveillance during the pandemic. Our study utilized logistic regression and topic modeling to classify and examine depression-related discussions on loneliness subreddits before and during the pandemic. Our results showed significant increases in the volume of depression-related discussions (i.e., topics related to mental health, social interaction, family, and emotion) where challenges were reported during the pandemic. We also found a switch in dominant topics emerging from depression-related discussions on loneliness subreddits, from dating (prepandemic) to online interaction and community (pandemic), suggesting the increased expressions or need of online social support during the pandemic. The current findings suggest the potential of social media to serve as a window for monitoring public mental health. Our future study will clinically validate the current approach, which has implications for designing a surveillance system during the crisis.
Opportunities and challenges in Teaching Structural Geology and Tectonics
Creators: name: Fusseis, Florian
name: de Bresser, Hans
name: Grasemann, Bernhard
name: Urai, Janos
name: Ustaszewski, Kamil
name: Rogowitz, Anna
name: Anderson, Mark
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2020

description: Abstracts & presentations : EGU General Assembly 2020 EGU General Assembly 2020, EGU2020, online, 4 May 2020 - 8 May 2020; Göttingen : Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH EGU2020-10254, 1 Seite (2020). doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-10254
description: Published by Copernicus Gesellschaft mbH, Göttingen
Aenictus Campione, Novak & Gotwald 1983
Creators: name: Gómez, Kiko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Aenictus

description: asantei species group The only species in this group has very long mandibles closing against the clypeus without leaving a gap; the mandible edges do not close at the symmetry axis, but cross one over the other at half its length so each mandibular tip reaches clearly the opposite antennal insertion. Clypeus linear formed by a row of 10–12 conical teeth. Femora and tibiae with its apical half swollen. One species in this group.
description: Published as part of Gómez, Kiko, 2022, A revision of the Afrotropical species of the Dorylinae ant genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on the worker caste, pp. 1-86 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 124 on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5898821
Additional file 4 of CircGNB1 facilitates the malignant phenotype of GSCs by regulating miR-515-5p/miR-582-3p-XPR1 axis
Creators: name: Hu, Jinpeng
name: Zhang, Guoqing
name: Wang, Yongfeng
name: Xu, Kai
name: Chen, Lian
name: Luo, Gang
name: Xu, Jinkun
name: Li, Hao
name: Pei, Dongmei
name: Zhao, Xiang
name: Guo, Zhengting
name: Li, Xinqiao
name: Zong, Shengliang
name: Jiang, Yang
name: Jing, Zhitao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 4. Table S1: SiRNA sequences.
A Lyα blob and zabs {\approx} zem damped Lyα absorber in the dark matter halo of the binary quasar Q 0151+048
Creators: name: Zafar, Tayyaba
name: Møller, Palle
name: Ledoux, Cédric
name: Fynbo, Johan P. U.
name: Nilsson, Kim K.
name: Christensen, Lise
name: D'Odorico, Sandro
name: Milvang-Jensen, Bo
name: Michałowski, Michał J.
name: Ferreira, Desiree D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Q0151+048 is a physical QSO pair at z ~ 1.929 with a separation of 3.3 arcsec on the sky. In the spectrum of Q0151+048A (qA), a DLA is observed at a higher redshift. We have previously detected the host galaxies of both QSOs, as well as a Lya blob. We performed low-resolution spectroscopy with the slit aligned with the extended emission. We also observed the system using the medium-resolution VLT/X-shooter spectrograph and the slit aligned with the two QSOs. We measure systemic redshifts of zem(A)=1.92924{\pm}0.00036 and zem(B)=1.92863{\pm}0.00042 from the Hβ and Hα emission lines, respectively. We estimate the masses of the black holes of the two QSOs to be 10^9.33 M{\odot} and 10^8.38 M{\odot} for qA and qB, respectively. From this we infered the mass of the dark matter halos hosting the two QSOs: 10^13.74 M{\odot} and 10^13.13 M{\odot} for qA and qB, respectively. We observe a velocity gradient along the major axis of the Lya blob consistent with the rotation curve of a large disk galaxy, but it may also be caused by gas inflow or outflow. We detect residual continuum in the DLA trough which we interpret as emission from the host galaxy of qA. The derived H0 column density of the DLA is log NH0 = 20.34 {\pm} 0.02. Metal column densities results in an overall metallicity of 0.01 Z{\odot}. We detect CII* which allows us to make a physical model of the DLA cloud. From the systemic redshifts of the QSOs, we conclude that the Lya blob is associated with qA rather than with the DLA. The DLA must be located in front of both the Lya blob and qA at a distance larger than 30 kpc. The two QSOs accrete at normal eddington ratios. The DM halo of this double quasar will grow to the mass of our local super-cluster at z=0. We point out that those objects therefore form an ideal laboratory to study the physical interactions in a z=2 pre-cursor of our local super-cluster.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Evolution of magnetic stripes under uniaxial stress in La$_{1.885}$Ba$_{0.115}$CuO$_4$ studied by neutron scattering
Creators: name: Kamminga, Machteld E.
name: Krighaar, Kristine M. L.
name: Rømer, Astrid T.
name: Sandberg, Lise Ø.
name: Deen, Pascale P.
name: Boehm, Martin
name: Gu, G. D.
name: Tranquada, J. M.
name: Lefmann, Kim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present the effect of uniaxial stress on the magnetic stripes in the cuprate system La$_{2-x}$Ba$_{x}$CuO$_4$ with $x = 0.115$, previously found to have a stress-induced enhancement in the superconducting transition temperature. By means of neutron scattering, we show that the static stripes are suppressed by stress, pointing towards a trade-off between superconductivity and static magnetism, in direct agreement with previously reported $μ$SR measurements. Additionally, we show that some of the reduced weight in the elastic channel appears to have moved to the inelastic channel. Moreover, a stress-induced momentum shift of the fluctuations towards the typical 1/8 value of commensurability is observed. These results impose a strong constraint on the theoretical interpretation of stress-enhanced superconductivity in cuprate systems.
Studies of spin-orbit correlations at JLAB
Creators: name: Aghasyan, Mher
name: Avakian, Harut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of single spin asymmetries for pion electroproduction in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering are presented using the polarized \sim6 GeV electrons from at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) and the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) with the Inner Calorimeter. The cross section versus the azimuthal angle ϕ_h of the produced neutral pion has a substantial sin ϕ_h amplitude. The dependence of this amplitude on Bjorken x_B and on the pion transverse momentum is extracted and compared with published data.
description: proceedings of SPIN2010 conference (September-October 2010, Juelich-Germany)
The Influence of Water Addition on High-Temperature Tribological Properties of Interstitial Free Steel Sliding against Different Counterparts
Creators: name: Wan, Shanhong
name: Tran, Bach H.
name: Tieu, Anh Kiet
name: Xia, Yana
name: Zhu, Hongtao
name: Cui, Shaogang
name: Zhu, Qiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The influence of only water addition on the hot metal forming process has not yet been reported in regard to tribological performance. In the present study, simulation tests were carried out on a pin-on-disc tribometer to evaluate the effects of water lubrication on the wear and friction behaviors of interstitial free (IF) steel sliding against different countersurface materials at 800°C in comparison with those in dry sliding. The opposing materials were selected as GCr15 steel and ceramic-based compounds including ZrO2, SiC, and Si3N4. It has been found that Si-based component–IF steel pairs exhibit the lowest wear losses despite achieving relatively high friction. Water addition adversely impairs the friction and wear characteristics on steel-steel tribopairs, whereas it shows insignificant effects on the pair involving ceramic-based components except ZrO2. Varying tribological responses can be found among different mated surfaces under water lubrication. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were utilized to examine the worn surface. The acting mechanism of water addition for different rubbing pairs was further discussed from the aspects of oxide tribochemistry.
The restricted isometry property for time-frequency structured random matrices
Creators: name: Pfander, Götz E.
name: Rauhut, Holger
name: Tropp, Joel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20, 42C40, 94A12

description: We establish the restricted isometry property for finite dimensional Gabor systems, that is, for families of time--frequency shifts of a randomly chosen window function. We show that the $s$-th order restricted isometry constant of the associated $n \times n^2$ Gabor synthesis matrix is small provided $s \leq c \, n^{2/3} / \log^2 n$. This improves on previous estimates that exhibit quadratic scaling of $n$ in $s$. Our proof develops bounds for a corresponding chaos process.
description: 25 pages
North Polar Spur/Loop I: gigantic outskirt of the Northern Fermi bubble or nearby hot gas cavity blown by supernovae?
Creators: name: Lallement, Rosine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio continuum, microwave and gamma-ray images of the Milky Way reveal a conspicuous, loop-like structure that fills almost half of the northern Galactic hemisphere, called Loop I. The interior of Loop I is shining in soft X-rays, and its eastern base is a bright, elongated structure dubbed the North Polar Spur (NPS). After 40 years of debates, two contradictory views of Loop I/NPS are still defended: on the one hand, the NPS is a volume of expanding hot gas that envelops and extends the northern Fermi Bubble (FB) known to be blown by the Galactic center, and Loop I marks the shock front; on the other hand, the NPS is a nearby cavity of hot gas blown by supernovae, Loop I is its shock front and they are coincidentally located in the direction of the FB. To an observer at the Sun, both structures can produce the same perspective view, although the former has a size comparable to the Milky Way itself, and the latter a diameter of a few hundreds parsecs. The energy involved varies by 3-4~orders of magnitude, and the solution has various important consequences. I discuss recent results which have a connection with Loop I/NPS, overlooked or used as arguments in the two opposite ways. They involve very different spacecraft, from a 12 Kg Cubesat (HaloSat) to major space-borne observatories (HST, Gaia, and Spektr-RG). I make use of 3D~maps of dust and a massive star catalog. Considering all constraints, it is clear that there is no entirely local or entirely distant scenario that is free from contradictions with some of the data analyses or from improbable coincidences. I discuss a speculative scenario, partially inspired by recent BF and Milky Way gas models, combining near and far aspects and seeming to be able to meet the various constraints. However, new data and models are needed to bring the controversy to a close and we can still expect new episodes of this long story.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures, to be published in the "Compte-Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences"
Plutonium-241 as a possible isotope for neutrino mass measurement and capture
Creators: name: de Groot, Nicolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tritium has been the isotope of choice for measurements of the neutrino mass and planned detection of the relic neutrino background. The low mass of $^{3}$H leads to large recoil energy of the nucleus. This has emerged as a limiting factor for both measurements. We investigate $^{241}$Pu as an alternative. The recoil is 80x smaller and it has similar decay energy and lifetime as $^{3}$H. We evaluate for the first time its soft-neutrino capture cross-section and find $(σv)_ν = 1.52 \times 10^{-45}$. This is 40% of the capture cross-section for tritium and makes $^{241}$Pu an interesting alternative for $^{3}$H.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Aenictus
Creators: name: Gómez, Kiko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Aenictus

description: decolor species group DIAGNOSIS. The mandibles in this group are massive and conspicuously different from the rest of the species in the genus worldwide with its basal half modified with a blunt, large proximal tooth clearly separated from the rest of the mandible by a constriction rendering the mandible mitten-shaped. Other characteristics are mandibles closing against the clypeus armed with a big sharp apical tooth followed by a smaller preapical tooth. In some workers mandibles are highly eroded and the apical, the preapical or both teeth are not clearly distinguishable, blunt and sometimes damaged or broken. Head quadrate (CI~95-100) with relatively long scapes (SIL~75–100). Ventrolateral carinae developed, extending ventrally to its medial line. Clypeus reduced a rectangular lamella with two small blunt triangular denticles between the antennal sockets, protruding from the middle of the anterior border between the frontal ridges. Sometimes teeth eroded. Frontal ridges present and not fused, laterobasally rounded into a low vertical triangle; parafrontal ridges present but weak, with a small apical tooth pointing upwards. Pronotum convex and propodeum flat in lateral view; transverse mesopleural groove and mesometapleural suture present but not deeply impressed. Propodeal declivity slightly convex, encircled by a well-developed ridge. Femora and tibiae with its apical half swollen. Head, pronotum, legs, scapes and gaster glassy smooth, remainder of mesosoma, petiole and postpetiole smooth to reticulated, always smoother dorsally; mesopleurae and lateropropodeum horizontally rugulose. OVERVIEW. This group consists of three very similar species, with subquadrate heads (CI 95- 105) and identifiable via SIL index and subpetiolar process. A. villiersi has the longest scapes for the Afrotropical region (SIL~100) and a poorly developed subpetiolar process. A. bidentatus and A. decolor can be differentiated based on smaller size and relatively smaller scapes for A. bidentatus (HW: 0.62-0.70; SIL: 63-75) than for A. decolor (HW: 0.67-0.76, SIL: 85-89). This group seems to be closely related to the popeyei group, as they share similar habitus and dentition, but the basal half of the mandibles is highly specific.
description: Published as part of Gómez, Kiko, 2022, A revision of the Afrotropical species of the Dorylinae ant genus Aenictus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) based on the worker caste, pp. 1-86 in Belgian Journal of Entomology 124 on page 19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5898821
On the Star Formation Rates in Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Lada, Charles J.
name: Lombardi, Marco
name: Alves, João F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the level of star formation activity within nearby molecular clouds. We employ a uniform set of infrared extinction maps to provide accurate assessments of cloud mass and structure and compare these with inventories of young stellar objects within the clouds. We present evidence indicating that both the yield and rate of star formation can vary considerably in local clouds, independent of their mass and size. We find that the surface density structure of such clouds appears to be important in controlling both these factors. In particular, we find that the star formation rate (SFR) in molecular clouds is linearly proportional to the cloud mass (M_{0.8}) above an extinction threshold of A_K approximately equal to 0.8 magnitudes, corresponding to a gas surface density threshold of approximaely 116 solar masses per square pc. We argue that this surface density threshold corresponds to a gas volume density threshold which we estimate to be n(H_2) approximately equal to 10^4\cc. Specifically we find SFR (solar masses per yr) = 4.6 +/- 2.6 x 10^{-8} M_{0.8} (solar masses) for the clouds in our sample. This relation between the rate of star formation and the amount of dense gas in molecular clouds appears to be in excellent agreement with previous observations of both galactic and extragalactic star forming activity. It is likely the underlying physical relationship or empirical law that most directly connects star formation activity with interstellar gas over many spatial scales within and between individual galaxies. These results suggest that the key to obtaining a predictive understanding of the star formation rates in molecular clouds and galaxies is to understand those physical factors which give rise to the dense components of these clouds.
description: accepted for publicaton in the Astrophysical Journal; 22 pages, 4 figures
Multi-epoch X-ray observations of the Seyfert 1.2 galaxy Mrk 79: bulk motion of the illuminating X-ray source
Creators: name: Gallo, L. C.
name: Miniutti, G.
name: Miller, J. M.
name: Brenneman, L. W.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Guainazzi, M.
name: Reynolds, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-epoch X-ray spectroscopy (0.3-25 keV) of the Seyfert 1.2 galaxy Mrk 79 (UGC 3973) spanning nearly eight years and a factor of three in broadband flux are analysed. The data are obtained at seven epochs with either XMM-Newton or Suzaku. Comparison with contemporaneous RXTE monitoring indicate that all flux states of Mrk 79 are represented by the data. The spectra are fitted in a self-consistent manner adopting a power law and ionised reflection to describe the broadband continuum. Modification of the spectra by a distant photoionised medium, seen predominantly in emission, are also included. Under the assumption that the inner disk is at the innermost stable circular orbit, our blurred reflection models give a spin of a = 0.7+/-0.1. The reflection component in each spectrum is weaker than predicted by simple reflection models. If the illuminating X-ray emission is produced by flares above the disk that move at mildly relativistic velocities, however, diminished reflection is expected. Light bending due to strong gravity near black holes can influence how the illuminating and reflected flux are observed; variations in Mrk 79 do not suggest that light bending is important in this source.
description: 13 pages. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Static and Dynamic Chain Structures in the Mean-Field Theory
Creators: name: Ichikawa, T.
name: Itagaki, N.
name: Loebl, N.
name: Maruhn, J. A.
name: Oberacker, V. E.
name: Ohkubo, S.
name: Schuetrumpf, B.
name: Umar, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief overview of recent work examining the presence of $α$-clusters in light nuclei within the Skyrme-force Hartree-Fock model. Of special significance are investigations into $α$-chain structures in carbon isotopes and $^{16}$O. Their stability and possible role in fusion reactions are examined in static and time-dependent Hartree-Fock calculations. We find a new type of shape transition in collisions and a centrifugal stabilization of the $4α$ chain state in a limited range of angular momenta. No stabilization is found for the $3α$ chain.
description: Fusionn 11 Conference, St. Malo, France, 2011
The little port that could : changing port governance in Prince Rupert, British Columbia, 1945-2014
Creators: name: Byrne, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The Port of Prince Rupert, located north of Vancouver, Canada, by approximately 700 kilometers, has experienced rapid growth and development of terminal facilities and road and rail infrastructure over the past fifteen years. This port growth in Prince Rupert is, as residents hope, the cause of future economic growth for the city, with improved transport and tourism-related employment opportunities after a decade of decline following the closure of the Skeena Cellulose pulp mill near the city in 2001. The growth and development of the Port of Prince Rupert is the result of several factors, including economic demand for cargo shipping capacity, a strong willingness by the Canadian federal government and the British Columbia provincial government to support port and transportation infrastructure development, and a new Port Authority governance structure in Prince Rupert that allows for effective management and promotion of the Prince Rupert port. This study examines the Port of Prince Rupert’s history from the perspective of how changes in port governance have been significant to the Port’s development. To conduct research for this study, existing literature addressing trade agreements around the Pacific Rim and port governance models was surveyed. Empirical research for this study examined the history of the Port of Prince Rupert from 1945 until 2014, correlating governance structures noted in practice to theoretical models of port governance in existing literature. This thesis examines the theoretical literature (chapter 2), changes in governance at the Port of Prince Rupert between the end of the Second World War in 1945 and the creation of the Prince Rupert Port Authority in 1999, between 1999 and the start of the Asia-Pacific Gateway and Corridor Initiative in 2006, and continuing changes and development from 2006 to 2014. The thesis concludes by summing up the changes that have taken place in port governance at Prince Rupert, the theoretical implications of the study, and potential directions for further related research at the Port of Prince Rupert.
From spin foams to area metric dynamics to gravitons
Creators: name: Dittrich, Bianca
name: Kogios, Athanasios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although spin foams arose as quantizations of the length metric degrees of freedom, the quantum configuration space is rather based on areas as more fundamental variables. This is also highlighted by the semi-classical limit of four-dimensional spin foam models, which is described by the Area Regge action. Despite its central importance to spin foams the dynamics encoded by the Area Regge action is only poorly understood, in particular in the continuum limit. We perform here a systematic investigation of the dynamics defined by the Area Regge action on a regular centrally subdivided hypercubical lattice. This choice of lattice avoids many problems of the non-subdivided hypercubical lattice, for which the Area Regge action is singular. The regularity of the lattice allows to extract the continuum limit and its corrections, order by order in the lattice constant. We show that, contrary to widespread expectations which arose from the so-called flatness problem of spin foams, the continuum limit of the Area Regge action does describe to leading order the same graviton dynamics as general relativity. The next-to-leading order correction to the effective action for the length metric is of second order in the lattice constant, and is given by a quadratic term in the Weyl curvature tensor. This correction can be understood to originate from an underlying dynamics of area metrics. This suggests that the continuum limit of spin foam dynamics does lead to massless gravitons, and that the leading order quantum corrections can be understood to emerge from a generalization of the configuration space from length to area metrics.
description: 27 pages, ancillary Mathematica notebook