cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advanced capabilities for materials modelling with Quantum ESPRESSO
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: density-functional theory
density-functional perturbation theory
many-body perturbation theory
first-principles simulations

description: © 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd. Quantum ESPRESSO is an integrated suite of open-source computer codes for quantum simulations of materials using state-of-the-art electronic-structure techniques, based on density-functional theory, density-functional perturbation theory, and many-body perturbation theory, within the plane-wave pseudopotential and projector-augmented-wave approaches. Quantum ESPRESSO owes its popularity to the wide variety of properties and processes it allows to simulate, to its performance on an increasingly broad array of hardware architectures, and to a community of researchers that rely on its capabilities as a core open-source development platform to implement their ideas. In this paper we describe recent extensions and improvements, covering new methodologies and property calculators, improved parallelization, code modularization, and extended interoperability both within the distribution and with external software.
Simulation of argon response and light detection in the DarkSide-50 dual phase TPC
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs, axions, etc.)
Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons with matter, etc)
Ionization and excitation processes
Noble liquid detectors (scintillation, ionization, double-phase)

description: © 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab. A Geant4-based Monte Carlo package named G4DS has been developed to simulate the response of DarkSide-50, an experiment operating since 2013 at LNGS, designed to detect WIMP interactions in liquid argon. In the process of WIMP searches, DarkSide-50 has achieved two fundamental milestones: the rejection of electron recoil background with a power of ∼107, using the pulse shape discrimination technique, and the measurement of the residual 39Ar contamination in underground argon, ∼3 orders of magnitude lower with respect to atmospheric argon. These results rely on the accurate simulation of the detector response to the liquid argon scintillation, its ionization, and electron-ion recombination processes. This work provides a complete overview of the DarkSide Monte Carlo and of its performance, with a particular focus on PARIS, the custom-made liquid argon response model.
How to Improve the Supportive Role of Estonian Innovation System toward Launching New Products by High Technology Companies?
Creators: name: Sepp, Liisi
name: Varblane, Urmas
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: launch strategy; national innovation system; innovation system failures; improvement of innovation policy

description: The purpose of the study is to evaluate how supportive is Estonian national innovation system toward the launching of new innovative products by high technology firms. The article intends to combine two broad areas of research – national innovation system approach and the different models of the new product launching. Based on the literature review and in-depth analysis of three case studies of Estonian high-tech company’s major barriers as well success factors of highly innovative product launches were identified. The barriers of the new product launching were linked with the systemic failures of the national innovation system. The most relevant failures of Estonian national innovation system inhibiting the new product development are capability and networking failures. The sources of innovation of high-technology firms are too narrow, linkages with domestic firms and higher education institutions as well with foreign firms are poorly developed. High-tech firms have also serious capacity problems due to the extremely weak support mechanism by national innovation system on the seed funding stage of product development and prototype building stage as well. Paper argues that resources needed for the innovation should not be looked too narrowly following linear innovation model approach. Instead interactive approach is needed, which combines capability building, network development, interactive learning with direct investments into fundamental research.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 17 (2009)
Climate change adaptation policy and practice: The role of agents, institutions and systems
Creators: Birchall, S. Jeff
Bonnett, Nicole
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2021

Surrey, British Columbia, stands out in its efforts to go beyond the provincial mandate on climate change

mitigation and incorporate adaptation into strategic planning. The community is not currently overwhelmed

by climate change impacts, and has local agents and institutions in place to facilitate anticipatory climate

adaptation planning. However, as seen with many other coastal communities, implementation of adaptation

action is lagging in practice. Framed through the lens of resilience theory, this research investigates climate

change threats and the dynamic relationship between local scale adaptation policy development,

integration and implementation in practice. With Surrey as a case study, this research examines key actor

narratives and strategic planning documents in order to understand how the community acts on climate

change adaptation while being mandated to address mitigation. Findings suggests that while resilience

building agents (e.g. senior management, elected officials) can spearhead and organize climate action,

their ability to implement goals and policies in practice is largely determined by the robustness of institutions

(e.g. strategic plans, policies) and systems (e.g. infrastructure, ecosystems). This case may provide

decision-makers in other communities coping with similar climate threats with insight into the factors that

can enable and challenge local adaptation planning processes.
JLab Measurements of the He 3 Form Factors at Large Momentum Transfers
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration

description: © 2017 American Physical Society. The charge and magnetic form factors, FC and FM, respectively, of He3 are extracted in the kinematic range 25 fm-2≤Q2≤61 fm-2 from elastic electron scattering by detecting He3 recoil nuclei and scattered electrons in coincidence with the two High Resolution Spectrometers of the Hall A Facility at Jefferson Lab. The measurements find evidence for the existence of a second diffraction minimum for the magnetic form factor at Q2=49.3 fm-2 and for the charge form factor at Q2=62.0 fm-2. Both minima are predicted to exist in the Q2 range accessible by this Jefferson Lab experiment. The data are in qualitative agreement with theoretical calculations based on realistic interactions and accurate methods to solve the three-body nuclear problem.
A mesoscale granular model for the mechanical behavior of alloys during solidification
Creators: name: Vernède, Stéphane
name: Dantzig, Jonathan A.
name: Rappaz, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two-dimensional granular model for the mechanical behavior of an ensemble of globular grains, during solidification. The grain structure is produced by a Voronoi tessellation based on an array of predefined nuclei. We consider the fluid flow caused by grain movement and solidification shrinkage in the network of channels that is formed by the faces of the grains in the tessellation. We develop the governing equations for the flow rate and pressure drop across each channel when the grains are allowed to move, and we then assemble the equations into a global expression that conserves mass and force in the system. We show that the formulation is consistent with dissipative formulations of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Several example problems are presented to illustrate the effect of tensile strains and the availability of liquid to feed the deforming microstructure. For solid fractions below gs=0.97, we find that the fluid is able to feed the deformation at low strain, even if external feeding is not permitted. For solid fractions above gs=0.97, clusters of grains with "dry" boundaries form, and fluid flow becomes highly localized.
title: Airline Travel Since 9/11
Creators: name: Notis, Ken
Publisher: name: Bureau of Transportation Statistics
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05xfdey77
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2005
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88212
subject: Air travel
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93448
subject: Passenger aircraft
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88101
subject: Passenger handling

description: BTS Issue brief, No. 13;2p.
description: Airline capacity (expressed in available seats) has increased more slowly than the increase in airline passenger travel. Low-cost carriers represent a growing portion of the domestic aviation market. This change has been accompanied by decreasing fares. Network carriers have responded by shifting capacity to international markets and by reducing employment to cut costs.
Trinidad and Tobago and the West Indies Federation : contradictory attitudes examined
Creators: name: Weeks-Sealy, Edric Lambert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The federation of the British West Indian colonies, which was long considered desirable by colonial officials for reasons of economical and efficient administration, was accomplished by an agreement reached on February 23, 1956. The West Indies Federation thus established, consisted of the islands of Antigua, Barbuda, Barbados, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts (Christopher)-Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, and Trinidad and Tobago, and had a total area of eight thousand square miles scattered in a wide expanse of ocean. In this federation, Trinidad and Tobago by virtue of its economic development was expected to play an important part. The purpose of this study is to examine the attitude of Trinidad and Tobago to the idea of federation, and its relationship to the federation itself. In the course of preparation for this study, the writer spent three months in Trinidad collecting information at the Library of the Legislative Council, a library operated primarily for the benefit of legislators; the West Indies Reference Library, operated by the Information Service of the federal government; The West Indies Regional Library, a branch of the Trinidad Public Library; and the offices of the Trinidad Guardian. Valuable information was also acquired from the Office of the Premier and from the Trinidad Chamber of Commerce. The writer's visit to Trinidad coincided with a period of intense activity among members of the federal and Trinidad governments as a result of the collapse of the federation. This situation rendered it extremely difficult to secure interviews from persons serving in either of these governments. However, Mr. Albert Gomes, a member of the federal parliament, who while serving as a Trinidad legislator had played an important part in the establishment of the federation, provided the writer with very valuable information in the course of two interviews he very kindly gave. [ ... ]
Real Estate Bubble Bursts and Government Policy during Crisis: Examples of Estonia, Ireland and Sweden
Creators: name: Varblane, Urmas
name: Jüriado, Rein
name: Lukason, Oliver
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: real estate crisis; asset bubble burst; crisis policy

description: The objective of current article is to view previous experience with real estate crises and taking into account such experience find suitable policy reactions to overcome the current Estonian crisis as smoothly as possible. Beside overall theoretical guidelines for overcoming the crisis, examples of Sweden and Ireland are viewed. The policy issues suggested for Estonia include some changes in tax laws, avoiding expansionary fiscal policy, making lending stricter and borrower responsible to higher extent, cooperation of different authorities to tackle problem of bad loans, initiating wage and price cut, paying more attention to exporting sector
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 17 (2009)
Challenges with the reuse of data on circular economy: Experience of researchers at the InnoRenew CoE
Creators: name: Slavec, Ana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: circular economy
data reuse

description: This CESSDA® Roadshow on the Circular Economy brings together experts from service providers and top-level researchers to explore the key role of the social sciences with impartial, reliable data on attitudes and practices to recycling and eco-design. It will guide participants through valuable resources in the CESSDA Data Catalogue®, give examples of data use and reuse as best practices and explain how researchers can organise and process data using the ESSDA Data Management Expert Guide®.
 14:00-14:05 Introduction, CESSDA® & Trust-IT
 14:05-14:15 CESSDA Data Catalogue® - Discovery of Danish Datasets related to the Circular Economy, Jan Dalsten, Danish National Archives
 14:15-14:25 Use case on Circular Economy Research - A view on societal impacts and priorities, Konstantinos Tsagarakis, Professor of Economics of Environmental Science and Technology at the Technical University of Crete.
 14.35-14.45 CESSDA Data Management Expert Guide® - Organise & Process, Johana Chylíková, Czech Academy of Sciences
 14:45-14:55 Challenges with the reuse of data on circular economy: Experience of researchers at the InnoRenew CoE, Ana Slavec, InnoRenew CoE Renewable Materials and Healthy Environments Research and Innovation Centre of Excellence
 14:55-15:25 Interactive Discussion
 15:25-15:30 Wrap up, CESSDA® & Trust-IT
Holistic Approach for Critical System Security: Flooding Prevention and Malicious Packet Stopping
Creators: name: Alhabeeb, M. A.
name: Almuhaideb, A. M
name: Le, P. D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Denial of service attacks (DoS) can cause significant financial damages. Flooding and Malicious packets are two kinds of DoS attacks. This paper presents a new security approach which stops malicious packets and prevents flooding in the critical systems. New concepts of packet stamp a dynamic-multi-communication-point mechanism has been identified for this proposed approach to make the prevention of flooding attacks easier and the performing of malicious packet attacks harder. In addition, dynamic key encryption technique has been adapted as a part of the proposed approach to enhance its functionality.
description: Journal of Telecommunications,Volume 1, Issue 1, pp14-24, February 2010
Properties of real metallic surfaces: Effects of density functional semilocality and van der Waals nonlocality
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: metallic surfaces
density functional theory
van der Waals interaction

description: © 2017, National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. We have computed the surface energies, work functions, and interlayer surface relaxations of clean (111), (100), and (110) surfaces of Al, Cu, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Pt, and Au. We interpret the surface energy from liquid metal measurements as the mean of the solid-state surface energies over these three lowest-index crystal faces. We compare experimental (and random phase approximation) reference values to those of a family of nonempirical semilocal density functionals, from the basic local density approximation (LDA) to our most advanced general purpose meta-generalized gradient approximation, strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN). The closest agreement is achieved by the simplest density functional LDA, and by the most sophisticated one, SCAN+rVV10 (Vydrov–Van Voorhis 2010). The long-range van der Waals interaction, incorporated through rVV10, increases the surface energies by about 10%, and increases the work functions by about 3%. LDA works for metal surfaces through two known error cancellations. The Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation tends to underestimate both surface energies (by about 24%) and work functions (by about 4%), yielding the least-accurate results. The amount by which a functional underestimates these surface properties correlates with the extent to which it neglects van der Waals attraction at intermediate and long range. Qualitative arguments are given for the signs of the van der Waals contributions to the surface energy and work function. A standard expression for the work function in Kohn–Sham (KS) theory is shown to be valid in generalized KS theory. Interlayer relaxations from different functionals are in reasonable agreement with one another, and usually with experiment.
Construction of triple-GEM detectors using commercially manufactured large GEM foils
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: physics.ins-det
hep-ex

description: © 2016 IEEE. Many experiments are currently using or proposing to use large area GEM foils in their detectors, which is creating a need for commercially available GEM foils. Currently CERN is the only main distributor of large GEM foils, however with the growing interest in GEM technology keeping up with the increasing demand for GEMs will be difficult. Thus the commercialization of GEMs up to 50 × 50 cm2 has been established by Tech-Etch Inc. of Plymouth, MA, USA using the single-mask technique. The electrical performance and optical quality of the single-mask GEM foils have been found to be on par with those produced by CERN. The next critical step towards validating the Tech-Etch GEM foils is to test their performance under physics conditions. These measurements will allow us to quantify and compare the gain and efficiency of the detector to other triple-GEM detectors. This will be done by constructing several single-mask triple-GEM detectors, using foils manufactured by Tech-Etch, which follow the design used by the STAR Forward GEM Tracker (FGT). The stack is formed by gluing the foils to the frames and then gluing the frames together. The stack also includes a Tech-Etch produced high voltage foil and a 2D r - φ readout foil. While one of the triple-GEM detectors will be built identically to the STAR FGT, the others will investigate ways in which to further decrease the material budget and increase the efficiency of the detector by incorporating perforated Kapton spacer rings rather than G10 spacing grids to reduce the dead area of the detector. The materials and tooling needed to assemble the triple-GEM detectors have been acquired. The GEM foils have been electrically tested, and a handful have been optically scanned. We found these results to be consistent with GEM foils produced by CERN. With the success of these initial tests, construction of the triple-GEM detectors is now under way.
The Impact of Start-up Grants on Firm Performance in Estonia
Creators: name: Vildo, Siret
name: Masso, Jaan
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: start-up grants; impact evaluation; Estonia

description: As in economic theory start-up enterprises have been seen as important sources of growth, the government support measures to enterprises have been a common practice around the world for decades. As the governmental support to enterprises is often of a considerable amount of money there is a need to assess its efficiency. In the present article we study the impact of Estonian start-up grants distributed in 2002 and 2003 on various indicators of firm performance with econometric methods, namely propensity score matching. We use the data from the Estonian Business Register in order to study the impact of start-up grants on various economic indicators like the number of employees, turnover, equity, fixed assets and firm survival. The results showed that the start-up grants proved to affect positively the number of employed people and turnover, yet the impact on productivity was negative. One implication of the study is that it is difficult to achieve different goals to the same extent with a single governmental grant
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 17 (2009)
title: Sidewalks Promote Walking
Creators: name: Feuerberg, Gary
Publisher: name: Bureau of Transportation Statistics
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05xfdey77
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2004
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93032
subject: Sidewalks
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91796
subject: Pedestrians
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87950
subject: Walking

description: BTS Issue Brief, No. 12;2p.
description: Of America's 205 million adults, 86% took walks during the summer months of 2002, and 40% of those walkers walked more than 15 days per month. Fourteen percent of adult Americans state they never take walks. The presence of sidewalks has a slight positive effect on the tendency for adults to take walks, but has no effect on the frequency of those walks. If people in communities without sidewalks (about one-third of the population), were to walk at the same rate as they do in communities with sidewalks, an additional 2.8 million adults would join the ranks of the walking. Non-walkers are more likely than walkers to assert that their communities need more sidewalks and to voice dissatisfaction with their community designs in making walking safe (overall 17%). In communities without sidewalks, adults are three times as likely as other adults to state their dissatisfaction.
Heavy baryon spectroscopy in QCD
Creators: name: Zhang, Jian-Rong
name: Huang, Ming-Qiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic study of the masses of charmed and bottom baryons in the framework of the QCD sum rule approach. Contributions of the operators up to dimension six are included in operator product expansion. The resulting heavy baryon masses from the calculations are well consistent with the experimental values, and predictions to the spectroscopy of the unobserved bottom baryons are also presented.
description: 14 pages,38 figures
title: How Bike Paths and Lanes Make a Difference
Creators: name: Feuerberg, Gary
Publisher: name: Bureau of Transportation Statistics
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05xfdey77
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2004
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88209
subject: Bicycle commuting
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92941
subject: Bicycle lanes
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93023
subject: Bikeways

description: BTS Issue Brief, No. 11;4p. in various pagings
description: Nearly half (46%) of the driving-age adults (16 years or older) have access to a bicycle, and 54% with access used it the month immediately preceding the survey. Bicyclists riding in areas without bike paths or lanes are nearly twice as likely to feel endangered (mostly by motorists) as bicyclists with paths or lanes, and more than four times as likely to be dissatisfied with how their community is designed for making biking safe. Frequent bicyclists tend to have a strong preference for more bike lanes over more bike paths, while infrequent bicyclists display no marked preference for either.
Bulk properties of the medium produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions from the beam energy scan program
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: nucl-ex

description: © 2017 American Physical Society. We present measurements of bulk properties of the matter produced in Au+Au collisions at sNN=7.7,11.5,19.6,27, and 39 GeV using identified hadrons (π±, K±, p, and p) from the STAR experiment in the Beam Energy Scan (BES) Program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Midrapidity (|y|<0.1) results for multiplicity densities dN/dy, average transverse momenta (pT), and particle ratios are presented. The chemical and kinetic freeze-out dynamics at these energies are discussed and presented as a function of collision centrality and energy. These results constitute the systematic measurements of bulk properties of matter formed in heavy-ion collisions over a broad range of energy (or baryon chemical potential) at RHIC.
B!SON project factsheet
Creators: name: Eppelin, Anita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: open access journals

description: This factsheet gives an overview of the project B!SON - Bibliometric and Semantic Open Access Recommender Network. It is available in English and German language.
description: This work is funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Germany, funding reference: 16TOA034A.
Fragment properties at the catastrophic disruption threshold: The effect of the parent body's internal structure
Creators: name: Jutzi, Martin
name: Michel, Patrick
name: Benz, Willy
name: Richardson, Derek C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations of asteroid break-ups, including both the fragmentation of the parent body and the gravitational interactions between the fragments, have allowed us to reproduce successfully the main properties of asteroid families formed in different regimes of impact energy, starting from a non-porous parent body. In this paper, using the same approach, we concentrate on a single regime of impact energy, the so-called catastrophic threshold usually designated by Q*D, which results in the escape of half of the target's mass. Thanks to our recent implementation of a model of fragmentation of porous materials, we can characterize Q*D for both porous and non-porous targets with a wide range of diameters. We can then analyze the potential influence of porosity on the value of Q*D, and by computing the gravitational phase of the collision in the gravity regime, we can characterize the collisional outcome in terms of the fragment size and ejection speed distributions, which are the main outcome properties used by collisional models to study the evolutions of the different populations of small bodies. We also check the dependency of Q*D on the impact speed of the projectile. In the strength regime, which corresponds to target sizes below a few hundreds of meters, we find that porous targets are more difficult to disrupt than non-porous ones. In the gravity regime, the outcome is controlled purely by gravity and porosity in the case of porous targets. In the case of non-porous targets, the outcome also depends on strength. We then propose some power-law relationships between Q*D and both target's size and impact speed that can be used in collisional evolution models.
description: 18 pages, 19 Figures. Accepted for publication in Icarus
IPSF-59th-proceeding.pdf
Creators: name: Nguyen Ngoc, Hung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111503 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Introduction: In Vietnam, antibiotics can only be purchased with a physician's prescription. However, previous studies have shown thatthereisahighly inappropriateuse of antibiotics in the community in Vietnam. The plurality of antibiotics is sold without a prescription. The problem ofirrational useof antibiotics should be minimized as it drives resistance development. A better understanding of practices and behavior of self-medication is needed to design effective interventions to reduce inappropriate antibiotic use.Objective: Thisstudywasdesigned to estimate the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics (SMA) among young adults residing and evaluate thebehavior in SMA inHoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam. Methodology: A crosssectional survey was conducted from 18th Februaryto04th March 2013. 402 participants include 178 males and 224 females from 20 to 40 years old were conveniently selected and interviewed face to face using a questionnaire. Participants were required to answer 23 questions which consists of 06 questions about the socio-demographic characteristics and 17 questions towards the behavior of self-medication with antibiotics. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 28.55.9. The prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics in this area is 83.6%(80.9-85.9). There were significant differences in SMA rate between age group, gender, occupation status, marital status, and health insurance status (p<0.001). Runny nose (20.2%), sore throat (17.2%), and cough (15.9%) were the most frequent indications for theiruse. The most commonlyused antibiotic was Amoxicillin (28%), Penicillin (20.9%) and Cephalexin (12.5%). Conclusion: The prevalence of SMA in Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi, Vietnam is alarmingly high. The findings may be useful to help develop an intervention to decrease misconceptions regarding antibiotic use, to implement stricter governmental legislation and regulation on the sale and use of nonprescribed medicines including antibiotics in pharmacies to increase people’s awareness regarding the risks of inappropriate use of antibiotics in the community.
MPEC 2023-K133 : 2023 KO2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 KO2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The impact of rare variation on gene expression across tissues
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Bayes Theorem
Female
Gene Expression Profiling
Genetic Variation
Genome, Human
Genomics
Genotype
Humans
Male
Models, Genetic
Organ Specificity
Sequence Analysis, RNA

description: © 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved. Rare genetic variants are abundant in humans and are expected to contribute to individual disease risk1-4. While genetic association studies have successfully identified common genetic variants associated with susceptibility, these studies are not practical for identifying rare variants1,5. Efforts to distinguish pathogenic variants from benign rare variants have leveraged the genetic code to identify deleterious protein-coding alleles1,6,7, but no analogous code exists for non-coding variants. Therefore, ascertaining which rare variants have phenotypic effects remains a major challenge. Rare non-coding variants have been associated with extreme gene expression in studies using single tissues8-11, but their effects across tissues are unknown. Here we identify gene expression outliers, or individuals showing extreme expression levels for a particular gene, across 44 human tissues by using combined analyses of whole genomes and multi-tissue RNA-sequencing data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project v6p release12. We find that 58% of underexpression and 28% of overexpression outliers have nearby conserved rare variants compared to 8% of non-outliers. Additionally, we developed RIVER (RNA-informed variant effect on regulation), a Bayesian statistical model that incorporates expression data to predict a regulatory effect for rare variants with higher accuracy than models using genomic annotations alone. Overall, we demonstrate that rare variants contribute to large gene expression changes across tissues and provide an integrative method for interpretation of rare variants in individual genomes.
Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Chromosomes, Human, X
Female
Genes, X-Linked
Genome, Human
Genomics
Humans
Male
Organ Specificity
Phenotype
Sequence Analysis, RNA
Single-Cell Analysis
Transcriptome
X Chromosome Inactivation

description: © 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved. X chromosome inactivation (XCI) silences transcription from one of the two X chromosomes in female mammalian cells to balance expression dosage between XX females and XY males. XCI is, however, incomplete in humans: up to one-third of X-chromosomal genes are expressed from both the active and inactive X chromosomes (Xa and Xi, respectively) in female cells, with the degree of 'escape' from inactivation varying between genes and individuals1,2. The extent to which XCI is shared between cells and tissues remains poorly characterized3,4, as does the degree to which incomplete XCI manifests as detectable sex differences in gene expression5 and phenotypic traits6. Here we describe a systematic survey of XCI, integrating over 5,500 transcriptomes from 449 individuals spanning 29 tissues from GTEx (v6p release) and 940 single-cell transcriptomes, combined with genomic sequence data. We show that XCI at 683 X-chromosomal genes is generally uniform across human tissues, but identify examples of heterogeneity between tissues, individuals and cells. We show that incomplete XCI affects at least 23% of X-chromosomal genes, identify seven genes that escape XCI with support from multiple lines of evidence and demonstrate that escape from XCI results in sex biases in gene expression, establishing incomplete XCI as a mechanism that is likely to introduce phenotypic diversity6,7. Overall, this updated catalogue of XCI across human tissues helps to increase our understanding of the extent and impact of the incompleteness in the maintenance of XCI.
title: Productivity Growth in Transportation
Creators: name: Apostolides, Anthony D.
Publisher: name: Bureau of Transportation Statistics
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05xfdey77
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2003
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87923
subject: Pipeline transportation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87917
subject: Trucking
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93284
subject: Freight trains
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88840
subject: Labor productivity

description: BTS Issue Brief, No. 10;4p. in various pagings
description: From 1990 to 2000, labor productivity rose in all transportation modes, but only exceeded the productivity growth rate for the overall economy in three – railroads, local trucking, and pipelines. From 1990 to 1999, rail transportation experienced a substantially higher growth of multifactor productivity than did the private business sector. Increases in multifactor productivity in rail transportation have been affected by improvements in capital inputs (e.g., equipment investments) and changes in the organization of service delivery.
Stellar Encounters: A Stimulus for Disc Fragmentation?
Creators: name: Forgan, Duncan
name: Rice, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interaction between a star-disc system and another star will perturb the disc, possibly resulting in a significant modification of the disc structure and its properties. It is still unclear if such an encounter can trigger fragmentation of the disc to form brown dwarfs or gas giant planets. This paper details high resolution Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations investigating the influence of stellar encounters on disc dynamics. Star-star encounters (where the primary has a self-gravitating, marginally stable protostellar disc, and the secondary has no disc) were simulated with various orbital parameters to investigate the resulting disc structure and dynamics. This work is the first of its kind to incorporate realistic radiative transfer techniques to realistically model the resulting thermodynamics. The results suggest that the effect of stellar encounters is to prohibit fragmentation - compressive and shock heating stabilises the disc, and the radiative cooling is insufficient to trigger gravitational instability. The encounter strips the outer regions of the disc (either through tidal tails or by capture of matter to form a disc around the secondary), which triggers a readjustment of the primary disc to a steeper surface density profile (and a flatter Toomre Q profile). The disc around the secondary plays a role in the potential capture of the secondary to form a binary. However, this applies only to orbits that are parabolic - hyperbolic encounters do not form a secondary disc, and are not captured.
description: 16 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
MPEC 2023-X288 : 2023 XJ13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XJ13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Genetic effects on gene expression across human tissues
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Alleles
Chromosomes, Human
Disease
Female
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation
Genetic Variation
Genome, Human
Genotype
Humans
Male
Organ Specificity
Quantitative Trait Loci

description: © 2017 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved. Characterization of the molecular function of the human genome and its variation across individuals is essential for identifying the cellular mechanisms that underlie human genetic traits and diseases. The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project aims to characterize variation in gene expression levels across individuals and diverse tissues of the human body, many of which are not easily accessible. Here we describe genetic effects on gene expression levels across 44 human tissues. We find that local genetic variation affects gene expression levels for the majority of genes, and we further identify inter-chromosomal genetic effects for 93 genes and 112 loci. On the basis of the identified genetic effects, we characterize patterns of tissue specificity, compare local and distal effects, and evaluate the functional properties of the genetic effects. We also demonstrate that multi-tissue, multi-individual data can be used to identify genes and pathways affected by human disease-associated variation, enabling a mechanistic interpretation of gene regulation and the genetic basis of disease.
title: Rising Breakeven Load Factors Threaten Airline Finances
Creators: name: Goodfriend, Jason
Publisher: name: Bureau of Transportation Statistics
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05xfdey77
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2003
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/95871
subject: Load factor
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91987
subject: Airlines
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91423
subject: Economic factors

description: BTS Issue Brief, No. 8;2p.
description: Since 2000, most large passenger airlines suffered a sharp increase in their Breakeven Load Factor – the number of seats they have to sell to cover operating expenses. Some carriers could not cover operating expenses even if they sold 100% of their seats at average airfares. Passenger yield, which partly determines Breakeven Load Factor, has fallen most sharply for recently bankrupt carriers, although it has also declined steeply for most large carriers. Unit costs – another factor in Breakeven Load Factor – have been rising for many large passenger airlines. Large airlines at most financial risk had higher unit costs than other airlines even prior to September 11, 2001, and those costs have remained high and have even increased for some.
MPEC 2023-K134 : 2023 KP2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 KP2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Hierarchical Structure Formation and Modes of Star Formation in Hickson Compact Group 31
Creators: name: Gallagher, S. C.
name: Durrell, P. R.
name: Elmegreen, D. M.
name: Chandar, R.
name: English, J.
name: Charlton, J. C.
name: Gronwall, C.
name: Young, J.
name: Tzanavaris, P.
name: Johnson, K. E.
name: de Oliveira, C. Mendes
name: Whitmore, B.
name: Hornschemeier, A. E.
name: Maybhate, A.
name: Zabludoff, Ann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The handful of low-mass, late-type galaxies that comprise Hickson Compact Group 31 is in the midst of complex, ongoing gravitational interactions, evocative of the process of hierarchical structure formation at higher redshifts. With sensitive, multicolor Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we characterize the large population of <10 Myr old star clusters that suffuse the system. From the colors and luminosities of the young star clusters, we find that the galaxies in HCG 31 follow the same universal scaling relations as actively star-forming galaxies in the local Universe despite the unusual compact group environment. Furthermore, the specific frequency of the globular cluster system is consistent with the low end of galaxies of comparable masses locally. This, combined with the large mass of neutral hydrogen and tight constraints on the amount of intragroup light, indicate that the group is undergoing its first epoch of interaction-induced star formation. In both the main galaxies and the tidal-dwarf candidate, F, stellar complexes, which are sensitive to the magnitude of disk turbulence, have both sizes and masses more characteristic of z=1-2 galaxies. After subtracting the light from compact sources, we find no evidence for an underlying old stellar population in F -- it appears to be a truly new structure. The low velocity dispersion of the system components, available reservoir of HI, and current star formation rate of ~10 solar masses per year, indicate that HCG31 is likely to both exhaust its cold gas supply and merge within ~1 Gyr. We conclude that the end product will be an isolated, X-ray-faint, low-mass elliptical.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures (including low resolution versions of color images), latex file prepared with emulateapj. Accepted for publication by the Astronomical Journal
title: Many Intercity Travelers Face Longer Travel Schedules
Creators: name: Goldberg, Bruce
Publisher: name: Bureau of Transportation Statistics
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05xfdey77
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2003
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88191
subject: Travel time
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87916
subject: Bus transportation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87920
subject: Railroad transportation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87909
subject: Air transportation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87954
subject: Intercity transportation

description: BTS Issue Brief, No. 7;4p. in various pagings
description: Since 1995, scheduled travel times for direct intercity air, bus, and rail service without an en route transfer have measurably lengthened in most major-market city-pairs. Long-haul rail city-pairs affected by service changes and short-haul air city-pairs have experienced the highest incidence of lengthened scheduled travel times. Two categories of trips have become quicker: intercity bus markets with an en route transfer to a different bus, and rail city-pairs served by Amtrak's Acela Express in the Northeast Corridor.
Basic approaches to a location theory of one public firm. Mit zusammenfassung: Grundlegende Ansätze zur Standortheorie eines öffentlichen Unternehmens
Creators: name: Feng, Xiao
name: Friedrich, Peter
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: location theory; public firm theory; industrial location theory; competition among public firms; principal agent; trust of public firms

description: Public firms are public economic units that take location decisions or are involved in such decisions. There is a lack of location theories that consider this feature. The literature on public facility location theory mainly concerns location of real capital serving economic units. Attempts to formulate a public firm decision-making oriented location theory are offered. Typical location factors of public firms relate to the goals of public firms, their environment and the number of decision-makers involved in the location decisions. A theory of the public firm is presented, that enables to develop a theory of location for public firms. It is introduced to industrial location theory and to location criteria based on investment rules. Its application in relation to public firms achieving welfare or public objectives is also covered. Interventions by the owner lead to more than one decision-maker and to principal agent models. Public firms compete horizontally due to competition among the public owners or public firms competing against each other. The authors mention some results on location choices within the framework of our basic approach.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 21, No 1 (2013)
Photon-induced production of the mirror quarks from the $LHT$ model at the $LHC$
Creators: name: Yue, Chong-Xing
name: Liu, Jin-Yan
name: Ding, Li
name: Liu, Wei
name: Ma, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photon-induced processes at the $LHC$ provide clean experimental conditions due to absence of the proton remnants, which might produce complementary and interesting results for tests of the standard model and for searching of new physics. In the context of the littlest $Higgs$ model with T-parity, we consider the photon-induced production of the mirror quarks at the $LHC$. The cross sections for various production channels are calculated and a simply phenomenology analysis is performed by assuming leptonic decays.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures