cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Virtual Reality for Teaching Science Vocabulary to Postsecondary Education Students with Intellectual Disability and Autism
Creators: name: Abrams, Kathryn
name: McMahon, Don
name: Firestone, Jonah
name: Whittenburg, Holly
name: Bruno, Lauren
Publisher: name: Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education
Year: 2024

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the use of virtual reality, an emerging technology, to teach college-age students with intellectual disability and autism to acquire science vocabulary words relating to human anatomy. One student with autism and two students with an intellectual disability participated in a multiple baseline across skills (i.e., acquisition of science vocabulary words) design. Data were collected on the three students' abilities to define and label three sets of human anatomy vocabulary words (i.e., bones, muscles, and organs) while using Organon 3D. Students used this application while using the Oculus Rift S, a virtual reality head-mounted display. Results indicated that all students acquired definitions and labeling knowledge for the new science vocabulary terms in the area of human anatomy. 
description: Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education
Does basis set superposition error significantly affect post-CCSD(T) corrections?
Creators: name: Fishman, Vladimir
name: Semidalas, Emmanouil
name: Shepelenko, Margarita
name: Martin, Jan M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the title question for both a subset of the W4-11 total atomization energies benchmark, and for the A24x8 noncovalent interactions benchmark. Overall, counterpoise corrections to post-CCSD(T) contributions are about two orders of magnitude less important than those to the CCSD(T) interaction energy. Counterpoise corrections for connected quadruple substitutions (Q) are negligible, and $(Q)_Λ- (Q)$ or $T_4 - (Q)$ especially so. In contrast, for atomization energies, the $T_3-(T)$ counterpoise correction can reach about 0.05 \kcalmol~for small basis sets like cc-pVDZ, thought it rapidly tapers off with cc-pVTZ and especially aug-cc-pVTZ basis sets. It is reduced to insignificance by the extrapolation of $T_3-(T)$ applied in both W4 and HEAT thermochemistry protocols. In noncovalent dimers, the differential BSSE on post-CCSD(T) correlation contributions is negligible even in basis sets as small as the unpolarized split-valence cc-pVDZ(no d).
description: Final published article under CC:BY license (Hans Lischka festschrift)
Preliminary Investigation of a Virtually Delivered Multimedia Essay Writing Strategy with College Students with Developmental Disabilities
Creators: name: Woods-Groves, Suzanne
name: Flores, Margaret M.
name: Patten, Betty
name: Balint-Langel, Kinga
name: Hughes, Charles A.
name: Taehoon Choi
Publisher: name: Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education
Year: 2024

description:  The authors of this study examined a virtually delivered multimedia expository writing strategy via a single case multiple-baseline across participants design with three college students enrolled in a postsecondary program for students with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Participants responded to expository essay prompts at the beginning of each virtual session. Two raters evaluated all baseline, intervention, and maintenance essay responses with a strategy rubric. Virtual one-to-one strategy instruction consisted of 45-min ZOOM sessions with live instruction and multimedia (e.g., animated videos, visual cues) content. Two out of three participants successfully applied strategy steps to construct and revise essay prompt responses.
description: Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education
Phycodes taonopa Meyrick 1909
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Brachodidae
Phycodes
Phycodes taonopa

description: 11. Phycodes taonopa Meyrick, 1909: 423
Type locality: Khasis [India].
Distribution: Meghalaya (Khasis). Global records: Vietnam (Meyrick 1909).
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 308, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
Evaluating Self-Determination and Academic Enabling Behaviors in Students with Intellectual Disabilities in Inclusive Postsecondary Education Programs
Creators: name: Potts, Ellen
name: Roach, Andrew
name: Wayne, Allison
name: Vinoski-Thomas, Erin
name: Crimmins, Daniel
Publisher: name: Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education
Year: 2024

description: Inclusive postsecondary education (IPSE) programs provide students with intellectual disabilities (ID) an opportunity to access higher education. As these programs have grown over the decades since their inception in 2010, it is becoming increasingly important that these programs use data-driven interventions to improve student outcomes, both academically and non-academically. Research in the area of non-cognitive skills suggest that focusing students with ID on skills like motivation and engagement or attitudes like action control beliefs can improve their performance in IPSE programs and lead to positive academic and career outcomes in the future. Here, we performed correlation analysis and multiple regression on two non-cognitive skills assessments, the ACES Academic Enablers and Self Determination Inventory, collected from ISPE students. This analysis shows that the degree of a student’s action-control beliefs as measured by the SDI is predictive of their ACES Academic Enablers performance. This suggests that interventions targeting the concept of action control beliefs can improve practical non-cognitive skills that can lead to academic and professional success for students with ID.
description: Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education
Switchpoline: A Software Mitigation for Spectre-BTB and Spectre-BHB on ARMv
Creators: name: Bauer, Markus
name: Hetterich, Lorenz Andreas
name: Rossow, Christian
name: Schwarz, Michael
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Spectre-BTB, also known as Spectre Variant 2, is often considered the most dangerous Spectre variant. While there are widely-deployed software workarounds on x86, such as Retpoline, there are no automated software workarounds for protecting generic userspace applications on ARMv8. Moreover, hardware solutions do not consider in-place mistraining or variants such as branch-history injection (Spectre-BHI), also known as Spectre-BHB. In this paper, we introduce Switchpoline, the first automated Spectre-BTB and Spectre-BHB software workaround protecting C and C++ userspace applications on ARMv8 against all variants of Spectre-BTB and Spectre-BHB. The main security of Switchpoline is that eliminating indirect branches eliminates attacks on indirect branches. Switchpoline is based on a static compiler pass and a dynamic just-in-time (JIT) compiler component that rewrite indirect control-flow transfers into direct control-flow transfers. Switchpoline successfully prevents Spectre-BTB and Spectre-BHB in userspace applications with a negligible mean performance overhead of 1.8 % measured in the SPEC CPU 2017 benchmark. Moreover, unlike many x86-specific mitigations, Switchpoline is compatible with existing orthogonal defenses, such as (hardware) CFI or Spectre-PHT mitigations. Hence, Switchpoline is a practical generic software mitigation on ARMv8.
Family Evaluation of Postsecondary Programs for Students with Intellectual Disability
Creators: name: Izzo, Margo
name: Shuman, Amy
name: Green, Jessie
name: Anderson, Eric
name: Weinbrant, Diane
Publisher: name: Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education
Year: 2024

description: During the past decade, numerous postsecondary programs for students with intellectual disability have emerged as have standards to improve the quality of those programs. We used the Think College Standards for Inclusive Higher Education to develop a family survey to evaluate and improve programs. Overall, family responses were positive for most of the standards and indicated that students gained self-advocacy, technology and employment skills. Families indicated that we can improve on two standards: coordination/collaboration with adult services, and career development. Perspectives from families of current and past students provide critical information that enhances the quality of postsecondary programs for students with ID.
description: Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Journal of Inclusive Postsecondary Education
Eddy covariance fluxes over a boreal Scots pine forest
Creators: name: Markkanen, T.
name: Rannik, U.
name: Keronen, P.
name: Suni, T.
name: Vesala, T.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2001

description: We report the results on eddy covariance measurements of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) and accompanying latent and sensible heat fluxes for 44 months in boreal Scots pine forest (southern Finland). We analysed the temperature dependence of ecosystem respiration and PPFD (photosynthetic photon flux density) dependence of daytime CO2 exchange and calculated the annual carbon budget filling the gaps in data series with the temperature and light dependences. The estimated annual balances of the NEE's were –234 g C m–2, –262 g C m–2 and –191 g C m–2 in 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively. We calculated also NEE's for every possible 365-day periods included in the data series and the maximum and minimum of such NEE's were –165 g C m–2 and –304 g C m–2. The growing season started around 28 April, 16 April and 25 March in 1997, 1998 and 1999, respectively. The maximum light saturated CO2 uptake rate reached the value of 12 umol m–2 s–1 gradually by the end of June. In autumn, the uptake did not decline gradually but ceased rapidly round the beginning of November. The non-growing season activity is also important, because soil carbon decomposition occurs all year around, even in cold climates under snow cover. The wintertime average CO2 respiration rate was 0.44 umol m–2 s–1.
A quadratic regularization of optimal transport problems and its application to bilevel optimization
Creators: name: Hillbrecht, Sebastian
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimal transport
subject: Kantorovich problem
subject: Bilevel optimization
subject: Quadratic regularization
subject: 510
subject: Transportproblem
subject: Zwei-Ebenen-Optimierung
subject: Regularisierung

description: This thesis consists of two parts, in each of which a quadratic regularization is applied to an optimal transport problem and its effect on a prototypical bilevel optimization problem is investigated. In the first part, we use the mentioned quadratic regularization in combination with a smoothing of the marginals to improve certain properties of the well-known Kantorovich problem, which is a linear optimization problem defined on infinite-dimensional spaces. In this way we obtain, for example, the uniqueness of the optimal solution and an associated optimality system containing (non-unique) dual variables. We then use these improved properties of the problem to regularize a bilevel optimization problem whose constraints require to solve the Kantorovich problem. We then show that the regularized bilevel problem has a solution and that we can, under certain conditions, approximate solutions of the non-regularized bilevel problem by solutions of the regularized one. We conclude the first part with a brief overview of possible applications of this regularization approach. In the second part, we apply the same regularization approach to the also well-known Hitchcock problem, which we introduce as a finite-dimensional special case of the Kantorovich problem. Due to the structure of this problem, however, we can dispense with the additional smoothing of the boundary conditions. Similar to the first part, we regularize a bilevel problem whose constraints require the solution of the Hitchcock problem. We again show the existence of solutions to the regularized bilevel problem and that we can use this to approximate solutions to the non-regularized bilevel problem, in certain cases. By introducing a further regularization of the Lagrangian dual problem, we enforce the uniqueness of the dual variables from the optimality system. This enables us to calculate derivatives of the marginal-to-transportplan mapping and, in turn, to establish an implicit programming approach for the solution of the regularized bilevel problem. To conclude the second part, we test our findings numerically by means of an transportation identification problem.
Transverse Spin current at the normal/p-wave magnet junctions
Creators: name: Salehi, Morteza
name: Hedayati, Ali Akbar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transmission properties of a junction between a normal metal and a p-wave magnet in the ballistic regime. We introduce a two-dimensional square lattice that confirms the p-wave magnet criteria. The $α$-vector of the magnet breaks the inversion symmetry of the parabolic dispersion, shifting them in $k$-space. These shifts alter the propagation direction of fermions passing through the junction interface. Depending on spin orientation, the transmission process exhibits anisotropic, angle-dependent behavior. We also demonstrate a mirror symmetry between fermions with opposite spin directions, leading to the emergence of a transverse spin current that flows parallel to the interface. Additionally, we show that the $α$-vector acts as a source for the dynamics of the spin-density wave and observe the formation of an indirect gap in the conductance of the junction. Our findings highlight the unique transmission characteristics and spin transport phenomena in normal metal/p-wave magnet junctions, paving the way for potential applications in spintronic devices.
description: 9 pages, 7 Figures
When Gaming Goes Bad: An Exploration of Videogame Harassment Towards Female Gamers
Creators: name: Williams, Kaitlyn
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: College students' writings, sexual harrassment, video gaming, public policy

description: This essay won or received an honorable mention for The Boothe Prize for excellence in first-year writing. The Boothe Prize recognizes and rewards outstanding expository and argumentative writing by undergraduate students in first-year classes that satisfy the WR 1 requirement. In each award-winning essay, student writers demonstrate clarity of argument, excellent integration of research-based evidence, and compelling prose style.
This essay argues for concrete solutions to address the troubling trend of sexual harassment in online gaming, and in doing so gives voice to the often overlooked experience of the girl gamer and that opens up the possibility for further discussion of the impacts of hate speech, online and off.
Additional file 1 of Landscapes of gut bacterial and fecal metabolic signatures and their relationship in severe preeclampsia
Creators: name: Liu, Xianxian
name: Zeng, Xiaoming
name: Li, Xing
name: Xin, Siming
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Liu, Faying
name: Zeng, Yang
name: Wu, Jilin
name: Zou, Yang
name: Xiong, Xinwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 1
Dialogues between Astrobiology and Earth Pedagogy: a proposal to the continued training of science teachers
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Vitória Cássia Gabriela
name: Vera, José Alberto Casto Nogales
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Introduction and Objective. Assuming the need to rethink Education and its function as an element of social transformation and generator of a profound ethical change and promoter of other ways of being on planet Earth, this study seeks to understand the possible dialogues between Earth Pedagogy and Astrobiology in the construction and proposition of continuing education processes for science teachers. Methodology. A mini-course was promoted aimed at teachers and an attempt was made to report the construction process of the training process and, using Content Analysis, to analyze the contributions pointed out by the participants to their training and teaching practice. Results and Conclusion. The dialogue between knowledge in the continuing education of teachers contributes with fundamental elements to teaching practice, covering cognitive, emotional, individual and collective aspects, as well as highlighting the role of the university in promoting initiatives that bring Education and Complexity together.
description: This article is written in Portuguese
Phycodes tortricina Moore 1881
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Brachodidae
Phycodes
Phycodes tortricina

description: 12. Phycodes tortricina Moore, 1881: 378
Type locality: Canara, S. India [India].
Distribution in India: South India, Karnataka (Canara) (Dabhi et al. 2021, Kallies 2004). Global records: endemic to India.
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 308, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
Effects of different wood ashes on the solubility of cadmium in two boreal forest soils
Creators: name: Kepanen, A.
name: Lodenius, M.
name: Tulisalo, E.
name: Hartikainen, H.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2005

description: In this study the fate of wood ash-derived cadmium (Cd) in forest soils was monitored in a field experiment and in a subsequent incubation experiment in the laboratory. The aim was to assess the distribution of cadmium between various pools differing in their bioavailability. In the field experiment the manual application caused a large variation between the subsamples and resulted in hot spots. A three-week incubation experiment carried out with mineral and peat soils using five different kinds of ashes demonstrated that ashes of dissimilar origin differ markedly in their effect on pH and cadmium dissolution. Furthermore, peat and mineral soils differed in the distribution of cadmium. Water-soluble and exchangeable cadmium, considered to represent bioavailable pools, remained low in all treatments. The results indicate that the stabilization of ash and the liming effect of the material are factors limiting the mobility of cadmium in soil even if the increase in the total amount can be high.
MPEC 2024-L140 : OBSERVATIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS AND A/ OBJECTS
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: OBSERVATIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS AND A/ OBJECTS

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
What is in the Chrome Web Store?
Creators: name: Hsu, Sheryl
name: Tran, Manda
name: Fass, Aurore
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: This paper is the first attempt at providing a holistic view of the Chrome Web Store (CWS). We leverage historical data provided by ChromeStats to study global trends in the CWS and security implications. We first highlight the extremely short life cycles of extensions: roughly 60% of extensions stay in the CWS for one year. Second, we define and show that Security-Noteworthy Extensions (SNE) are a significant issue: they pervade the CWS for years and affect almost 350 million users. Third, we identify clusters of extensions with a similar code base. We discuss how code similarity techniques could be used to flag suspicious extensions. By developing an approach to extract URLs from extensions' comments, we show that extensions reuse code snippets from public repositories or forums, leading to the propagation of dated code and vulnerabilities. Finally, we underline a critical lack of maintenance in the CWS: 60% of the extensions in the CWS have never been updated; half of the extensions known to be vulnerable are still in the CWS and still vulnerable 2 years after disclosure; a third of extensions use vulnerable library versions. We believe that these issues should be widely known in order to pave the way for a more secure CWS.
Different filtration treatments and centrifugation in measuring bacterial production in brackish waters
Creators: name: Hietanen, S.
name: Kuparinen, J.
name: Oja, R.J.
name: Tuominen, L.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2001

description: We tested the filtration method routinely used in pelagic bacterial production measurements against some new, modified and extended methods. We used both 14C-leucine and 3H-thymidine in comparison of two filter types, two modifications of the centrifugation method and the effect of filtering samples first through GF/F-filters (for 14C-leucine only). Tests were run for natural brackish water samples and batch cultures from both pelagic and coastal waters. All seasons were covered in the sampling. The centrifugation methods gave systematically lower results than the filtration methods. Also the use of polycarbonate filters resulted in lower values in measuring 3H-thymidine incorporation compared to the use of cellulose-nitrate filters. Combining the routine cellulose-nitrate filtration with filtering the incubated sample first through a combusted GF/F-filter did not affect the final results. This procedure can therefore be used to get information about the total carbon content of the samples. These results point out that the choice of the post-incubation treatment procedure has a substantial effect on the final bacterial production estimate.
The present state of Lake Ladoga, Russia — a review
Creators: name: Rumyantsev, V.
name: Viljanen, M.
name: Slepukhina, T.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 1999

description: Until the early 1960s, Lake Ladoga was oligotrophic and characterized by good water quality, but within the past 20–30 years, as a result of human impact, the ecological state seems to have deteriorated. Especially since the 1970s, its trophic state has changed to mesotrophic, with elevated nutrient concentrations and decreased transparency. Conditions at some of the worst polluted sites have actually improved in recent years, due to closing down of some sources of industrial pollution, but there are alarming signs of general eutrophication of the main body of water. The total concentration of phosphorus has increased 2–5-fold since the 1960s. During the last decades, several planktonic, benthic and fish species sensitive for eutrophication have disappeared. The present species composition and the biomass of the plankton and zoobenthos typify different trophic conditions in different parts of the lake. Primary production, phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass and species composition display mesotrophic and eutrophic conditions in the coastal regions, whereas the pelagial areas are mainly oligo-mesotrophic. The species composition of the macrobenthos and its small biomass characterize the deep central part of Lake Ladoga as oligotrophic.
Kondo spectral functions at low-temperatures: A dynamical-exchange-correlation-field perspective
Creators: name: Zhao, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the low-temperature spectral function of the symmetric single impurity Anderson model using a recently proposed dynamical exchange-correlation (xc) field formalism. The xc field, coupled to the one-particle Green's function, is obtained through analytic analysis and numerical extrapolation based on finite clusters. In the Kondo regime, the xc field is modeled by an ansatz that takes into account the different asymptotic behaviors in the small- and large-time regimes. The small-time xc field contributes to the Hubbard side-band, whereas the large-time to the Kondo resonance. We illustrate these features in terms of analytical and numerical calculations for small- and medium-size finite clusters, and in the thermodynamic limit. The results indicate that the xc field formalism provides a good trade-off between accuracy and complexity in solving impurity problems. Consequently, it can significantly reduce the complexity of the many-body problem faced by first-principles approaches to strongly correlated materials.
Effect of diffuse and point source nutrient supply on the low diverse macrozoobenthic communities of the northern Baltic Sea
Creators: name: Kotta, J.
name: Kotta, I.
name: Viitasalo, I.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2000

description: Soft bottom macrozoobenthic communities from the coastal sea area of Helsinki (south Finland) and Saaremaa Island (west Estonia) were compared in order to evaluate the effects of diffuse and point source nutrient supply. The coastal sea area of Helsinki receives a moderate load of municipal sewage water and the latter is ranked among the most undisturbed ecosystems in the northern Baltic Sea. The species composition and dominance structure were similar in both the studied areas indicating that different sources of eutrophication (i.e. local or basin wide) have similar consequences for the macrozoobenthic communities. However, functional diversity was higher in the Saaremaa area as the higher share of herbivores and suspension feeders were found in the area.
Legend and Legacy: A Rhetorical Analysis of Lewis and Clark
Creators: name: Sonnenberg, Jake
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: College students' writings, narrative, history, historiography, rhetoric, Lewis and Clark

description: This essay won or received an honorable mention for The Boothe Prize for excellence in first-year writing. The Boothe Prize recognizes and rewards outstanding expository and argumentative writing by undergraduate students in first-year classes that satisfy the WR 1 requirement. In each award-winning essay, student writers demonstrate clarity of argument, excellent integration of research-based evidence, and compelling prose style.
This essay examines the disparateness between the story of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark story as it gets told in popular culture, and as it gets represented in The Journals of The Lewis and Clark Expedition. The essay embodies the dizzying layers of desire that shape and make American history, and urges us to take note of the rhetorical conjuring within all narratives.
Quantifying Psychological Sophistication of Malicious Emails
Creators: name: Longtchi, Theodore
name: Rodriguez, Rosana Montañez
name: Gwartney, Kora
name: Ear, Ekzhin
name: Azari, David P.
name: Kelley, Christopher P.
name: Xu, Shouhuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Malicious emails including Phishing, Spam, and Scam are one significant class of cyber social engineering attacks. Despite numerous defenses to counter them, the problem remains largely open. The ineffectiveness of current defenses can be attributed to our superficial understanding of the psychological properties that make these attacks successful. This problem motivates us to investigate the psychological sophistication, or sophistication for short, of malicious emails. We propose an innovative framework that accommodates two important and complementary aspects of sophistication, dubbed Psychological Techniques, PTechs, and Psychological Tactics, PTacs. We propose metrics and grading rules for human experts to assess the sophistication of malicious emails via the lens of these PTechs and PTacs. To demonstrate the usefulness of the framework, we conduct a case study based on 1,036 malicious emails assessed by four independent graders. Our results show that malicious emails are psychologically sophisticated, while exhibiting both commonalities and different patterns in terms of their PTechs and PTacs. Results also show that previous studies might have focused on dealing with the less proliferated PTechs such as Persuasion and PTacs such as Reward, rather than the most proliferated PTechs such as Attention Grabbing and Impersonation, and PTacs such as Fit and Form and Familiarity that are identified in this study. We also found among others that social events are widely exploited by attackers in contextualizing their malicious emails. These findings could be leveraged to guide the design of effective defenses against malicious emails.
description: 22 papges, 15 figures, 4 tables
Phycodopteryx Kallies 2004
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Brachodidae
Phycodopteryx

description: Genus Phycodopteryx Kallies, 2004: 16
Type species: Phycodopteryx tigripes Kallies, 2004: 16.
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 308, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
Using the Tea Bag Index to characterize decomposition rates in restored peatlands
Creators: name: MacDonald, E.
name: Brummell, M.E.
name: Bieniada, A.
name: Elliott, J.
name: Engering, A.
name: Gauthier, T.-L.
name: Saraswati, S.
name: Touchette, S.
name: Turmel-Courchesne, L.
name: Strack, M.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2018

description: Peatlands characteristically accumulate organic matter due to low decomposition rates, but peatland disturbance alters local physicochemical conditions often resulting in loss of soil organic matter and emission of CO2. Restoration may reduce peat oxidation, but traditional measurements of decomposition are time-consuming. The Tea Bag Index (TBI) is a simple, standardized method to measure decomposition rates in soils. We used the TBI to measure decomposition rate at four restored peatland sites across Canada that were used for peat extraction or disturbed by oil extraction (former well-sites), comparing to undisturbed and unrestored sites. We measured environmental conditions including soil temperature, water table position and peat pH from May to August 2016. Litter bags were buried for one year alongside tea bags at one site for a direct comparison of decomposition rates between the methods. There were no significant differences for TBI decay constant (kTBI) between treatments of restored, unrestored or undisturbed sites across the whole data set, but some differences were found among treatments within the same peatland site for sections restored at different times in the past. Soil temperature, pH, and water table were not significantly related to kTBI, but were negatively correlated with the stabilization factor (S). The kTBI and litter bag k were significantly different but positively correlated. The TBI is not easily comparable to traditional litter bags, but is less costly in both time and money, and may be used in conjunction with additional parameters to determine decomposition patterns with potential for use as a metric for evaluating restoration outcomes.
Marru(convert): Structure Data Creation from Unstructured Text for Fine-tuning Large Language Models in Indian Languages
Creators: name: Mohamed Azharudeen, azharumo
name: Balaji Dhamodharan, Balaji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Natural language processing
subject: Indian Languages
subject: Large Language Models
subject: Structured Data
subject: Fine-tuning
subject: Ternary Quantization
subject: LLaMA-2
subject: Dataset Creation
subject: Question-and-Answer Format
subject: Multilingual AI

description: This research presents an innovative methodology to convert unstructured text into a structured question-and-answer format for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) in 11 Indian languages. Addressing the scarcity of high-quality, task-specific datasets in Indian languages, the study employs a ternary quantized model based on the LLaMA-2 architecture to achieve efficient data transformation. Key contributions include the development of a parent-child text chunking system, the use of cosine similarity for enhanced data relevance, and training on 47 million tokens formatted in Alpaca style. The research further evaluates the methodology using Grice’s Maxims and AI-assisted techniques to ensure the quality and contextual accuracy of the generated datasets. This work has significant implications for improving LLM applications across domains such as education, healthcare, legal, and financial services, fostering linguistic inclusivity and technological advancement in underrepresented languages.
Assume, Guarantee or Repair
Creators: name: Frenkel, Hadar
name: Grumberg, Orna
name: Pasareanu, Corina
name: Sheinvald, Sarai
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: We present Assume-Guarantee-Repair (AGR) – a novel framework which not only verifies that a program satisfies a set of properties, but also repairs the program in case the verification fails. We consider communicating programs – these are simple C-like programs, extended with synchronous communication actions over communication channels. Our method, which consists of a learning-based approach to assume-guarantee reasoning, performs verification and repair simultaneously. In every iteration, AGR either makes another step towards proving that the (current) system satisfies the specification, or alters the system in a way that brings it closer to satisfying the specification. We manage handling infinite-state systems by using a finite abstract representation, and reduce the semantic problems in hand – satisfying complex specifications that also contain first-order constraints – to syntactic ones, namely membership and equivalence queries for regular languages. We implemented our algorithm and evaluated it on various examples. Our experiments present compact proofs of correctness and quick repairs.
Characterization of the metal leakage from Finnish agricultural acid sulphate soils in the light of the European Water Framework Directive
Creators: name: Sundström, R.
name: Åström, M.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2006

description: On the coastal plains of Finland, widespread acid sulphate soils have developed as a result of agricultural drainage activities and constitute a massive supplier of metals and acidic compounds to the aquatic environment. As a consequence, the aquatic life (fish, etc.) is seriously damaged in many water courses. The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) which came into force in December 2000, sets new goals for the condition of Europe's waters. For surface waters the overall objective is `good chemical and ecological status', which shall be achieved by December 2015. Furthermore, there is a list of `priority substances' in the WFD, for which discharges, emissions and losses have to be reduced or phased out. The existing environmental data concerning the Finnish AS soils show that the current management of these soils results in aquatic impacts which clearly conflicts with the provisions of the WFD.
An integrated study of Atopobathynella (Parabathynellidae, Bathynellacea) species reveals restricted distributions in a complex hydrogeological setting: two new species from the Pilbara (Australia)
Creators: name: Perina, Giulia
name: I. Camacho, Ana
name: E. White, Nicole
name: K. Callan, Shae
name: Abello, Jenny
name: Morgan, Liesel
name: T. Guzik, Michelle
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: The Pilbara bioregion (Western Australia) has become a hotspot for subterranean fauna as a consequence of many surveys conducted to comply with Western Australian environmental regulation requirements. In this bioregion, mining developments can have major implications for subterranean fauna and their conservation. However the diversity and species distributions of most taxa are still poorly known, including the crustacean family Parabathynellidae. Recent studies on a widespread genus of this family (Atopobathynella) from the Pilbara highlighted several undescribed taxa with interesting patterns of distribution. In the Gudai Darri locality, the northern flank of the Hamersley Range occurs as a stepped escarpment intersected by dykes and gullies, with groundwater occurring within fractured rocks abutting the Fortescue River valley, where a separate regional aquifer occurs. This investigation aimed to observe whether stygofauna species distributions (1) reflected the separation between the two major aquifers within the Hamersley Range and the Fortescue Valley; and (2) were influenced by the presence of dykes. We examined the Atopobathynella species occurring in the study area using morphological and molecular data. The results reflected the hydrogeological complexity of the study area with six new lineages of Atopobathynella, recorded mainly in different gullies, that do not share a most recent common ancestor. Two species are described here A. pagetae sp. nov. and A. lythei sp. nov., and four additional species are delineated through preliminary morphological analyses and molecular data. This study will improve future environmental impact assessments and the understanding of Parabathynellidae taxa distribution in hydrogeological complex areas.
Phycodopteryx tigripes Kallies 2004
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Brachodidae
Phycodopteryx
Phycodopteryx tigripes

description: 13. Phycodopteryx tigripes Kallies, 2004: 16
Type locality: Vietnam.
Distribution in India: Meghalaya. Global records: Vietnam (Kallies 2004).
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 308, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
FRB 20121102A monitoring: Updated periodicity in the L band
Creators: name: Braga, C. A.
name: Cruces, M.
name: Cassanelli, T.
name: Espinoza-Dupouy, M. C.
name: Rodriguez, L.
name: Spitler, L. G.
name: Vera-Casanova, J.
name: Limaye, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FRB 20121102A was the first fast radio burst to be observed to repeat. Since then, thousands of bursts have been detected by multiple radio telescopes around the world. Previous work has shown an indication of a cyclic activity level with a periodicity of around 160 days. Knowing when the source repeats is essential for planning multi-wavelength monitoring to constrain the emission extent and progenitor source. We report the monitoring of FRB 20121102A using the 100-m Effelsberg radio telescope in the L-band and update the periodicity of the cyclic activity level. We used the Lomb-Scargle periodogram on a sample of 284 observing epochs, of which 42% correspond to detections and 58% to non-detections. Our dataset is composed of the seven epochs of our monitoring plus publicly available data. We investigated two methods: i) a binary model, describing the observing epochs with 1 if there are detections and with 0 for non-detections, and ii) a normalised rates model that considers the inferred detections rates. We report no detections in 12.5-hour observations down to a fluence of 0.29 Jy ms. The best period we find for the cyclic activity window is $159.3 \pm 0.8$ days for the binary model and $159.3 \pm 0.3$ days for the normalised rates model. We show the activity phase to be 53%. The normalised rates show clear Gaussian-like behaviour for the activity level, in that the number of detections peak at the centre of the activity window. The periodicity found through both methods is consistent for the L and S-band datasets implying it is intrinsic to the source. The activity phase in the S band however, shows an indication of it ending before the L-band activity phase, supporting the idea of a chromatic dependence of the activity window. The sample in the C-band is not large enough to further confirm this result.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, published in A&A, replaced to match the title
Historical Sites in Egypt
Creators: name: The Official Site to Visit Egypt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Visit Egypt is the official travel and tourism website for Egypt, offering comprehensive information and resources for planning trips to this historic and culturally rich country. It features detailed guides on must-visit destinations, exclusive tour packages, and insights into Egypt's ancient ruins, vibrant cities, and stunning natural landscapes. Visitors can explore curated itineraries, book tours, and access practical travel tips to ensure a memorable and enriching experience in Egypt.
Catopta Staudinger 1899
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Cossidae
Catopta

description: Genus Catopta Staudinger, 1899: 157
Type species: Catopta albimacula Staudinger, 1899: 157.
= Newelskoia Grum-Grshimailo, 1900: 466 (TS: Cossus albonubilus Graeser, 1888: 119).
= Catopa (sic), Bryk, 1947: 152.
= Sinicossus Clench, 1958: 82 (TS: Sinicossus danieli Clench, 1959: 84).
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 308, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
Catopta cashmirensis
Creators: name: Ahmad, Jalil
name: Joshi, Rahul
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Cossidae
Catopta
Catopta cashmirensis

description: 1. Catopta cashmirensis (Moore, 1879b): 86
Type Locality: Tawi, Kashmir [Tawi, Kashmir, N W India] [India].
Distribution in India: Jammu & Kashmir (Kashmir). Global records: Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, China (Tibet, N. Yunnan) (Yakovlev 2011; Yakovlev et al. 2013, 2015).
description: Published as part of Ahmad, Jalil, Joshi, Rahul & Singh, Navneet, 2023, An updated Catalogue of Cossoidea (Lepidoptera) from India, pp. 301-348 in Zootaxa 5330 (3) on page 308, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8254738
Містобудівна складова освітньо-професійних програм підготовки фахівців для експлуатації інфраструктури авіаційного транспорту у воєнні та повоєнні періоди
Creators: name: Agieieva, Galyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Відбудова та відновлення України – це не тільки можливість відтворити зруйноване під час військового урбіциду 2022-2024 років, але й можливість застосувати новітні підходи урбаністики і архітектури для реалізації концепцій сталого розвитку, Національної транспортної стратегії, державних цільових програм розвитку аеропортів та ін. Останні, у свою чергу, повинні визначати шляхи містобудівного освоєння територій, зокрема у зонах впливу аеропортів країни. Усе це повинно бути враховано та передбачено відповідними навчальними планами, освітньо-професійними програмами (ОПП), порядками формування індивідуальних освітніх траєкторій здобувачів вищої освіти певних ступенів освіти (ОС) вітчизняних галузевих закладів вищої освіти.
Casimir effect of a doubly Lorentz-violating scalar in magnetic field
Creators: name: Erdas, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work I study the Casimir effect caused by a charged and massive scalar field that violates Lorentz symmetry in an aether-like and CPT even manner, by direct coupling between the field derivatives and two fixed orthogonal unit vectors. I call this a "double" Lorentz violation. The field will satisfy either Dirichlet or mixed boundary conditions on a pair of plane parallel plates. I use the generalized zeta function technique to examine the effect of a uniform magnetic field, perpendicular to the plates, on the Casimir energy and pressure. Three different pairs of mutual directions of the unit vectors are possible: timelike and spacelike perpendicular to the magnetic field, timelike and spacelike parallel to the magnetic field, spacelike perpendicular and spacelike parallel to the magnetic field. I fully examine all of them for both types of boundary conditions listed above and, in all cases and for both types of boundary conditions, I obtain simple expressions of the zeta function, Casimir energy and pressure in the three asymptotic limits of strong magnetic field, large mass, and small plate distance.
description: 12 pages, no figures
Trends in sulphate deposition on the forests and forest floor and defoliation degree in 16 intensively studied forest stands in Finland during 1996–2003
Creators: name: Lindroos, A.-J.
name: Derome, J.
name: Derome, K.
name: Lindgren, M.
Publisher: name: Boreal Environment Research Publishing Board
Year: 2006

description: Deposition samples (bulk deposition, stand throughfall) were collected in 8 Norway spruce and 8 Scots pine stands throughout the year in Finland during the period 1996–2003. Defoliation was also estimated annually in the same stands. Sulphate deposition in Finland during the period 1996–2003 decreased, the decrease being most evident at the beginning of the period. Sulphate deposition in the northern part of the country has been considerably lower than that in the southern part of the country, and therefore the decrease during the period 1996–2003 in the northern part of the country has been relatively insignificant. In the eastern part of Finland, which receives a considerable proportion of the sulphate deposition from the St. Petersburg area and the shale-oil power stations in NE Estonia, there were no clear decreasing trends in sulphate deposition. The decrease in sulphate deposition elsewhere in the country was mainly due to the decrease in the sulphate concentrations since the amount of precipitation did not decrease during the monitoring period.There was a clear decreasing gradient running from southern to northern Finland in the net-throughfall of sulphate from the tree canopies in both the spruce and pine stands. No clear decrease was observed in defoliation on any of the plots during the study period, although sulphate deposition decreased significantly during 1996–2003. Sulphate deposition alone is not, at current levels in Finland, likely to cause changes in forest health in terms of defoliation in the short term at least.