cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Fifth Force in the Local Cosmic Web
Creators: name: Desmond, Harry
name: Ferreira, Pedro G
name: Lavaux, Guilhem
name: Jasche, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensions of the standard models of particle physics and cosmology often lead to long-range fifth forces with properties dependent on gravitational environment. Fifth forces on astrophysical scales are best studied in the cosmic web where perturbation theory breaks down. We present constraints on chameleon- and symmetron-screened fifth forces with Yukawa coupling and megaparsec range -- as well as unscreened fifth forces with differential coupling to galactic mass components -- by searching for the displacements they predict between galaxies' stars and gas. Taking data from the Alfalfa HI survey, identifying galaxies' gravitational environments with the maps of Desmond et al. (2018a) and forward-modelling with a Bayesian likelihood framework, we set upper bounds on fifth-force strength relative to Newtonian gravity from $ΔG/G_N < \text{few} \: \times 10^{-4}$ for range $λ_C = 50$ Mpc, to $ΔG/G_N \lesssim 0.1$ for $λ_C = 500$ kpc. In $f(R)$ gravity this requires $f_{R0} < \text{few} \: \times \: 10^{-8}$. The analogous bounds without screening are $ΔG/G_N < \text{few} \: \times 10^{-4}$ and $ΔG/G_N < \text{few} \times 10^{-3}$. These are the tightest and among the only fifth-force constraints on galaxy scales. We show how our results may be strengthened with future survey data and identify the key features of an observational programme for furthering fifth-force tests beyond the Solar System.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; revised to match MNRASL published version
Additional file 3 of Genomic analysis of group B Streptococcus from milk demonstrates the need for improved biosecurity: a cross-sectional study of pastoralist camels in Kenya
Creators: name: Seligsohn, Dinah
name: Crestani, Chiara
name: Forde, Taya L.
name: Chenais, Erika
name: Zadoks, Ruth N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of 49 Lac.2 integrase amino-acid sequences extracted from group B Streptococcus genomes from Kenyan camels. Sequences were aligned using MAFFT v7.475 and phylogeny was estimated with PhyML v3.3.20190909. Isolate names are shown. Leaf colours correspond to the insertion site where Lac.2 is integrated (light green: deoD, red: yxdL, blue: hypothetical, purple: ClbS/DfsB family four-helix bundle protein). For 30 isolates, the Lac.2 insertion site could not be determined because their integrases were found at the edge of a contig (dark green leaves).
Engineering non-equilibrium quantum phase transitions via causally gapped Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Mohseni, Masoud
name: Strumpfer, Johan
name: Rams, Marek M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a phenomenological theory for many-body control of critical phenomena by engineering causally-induced gaps for quantum Hamiltonian systems. The core mechanisms are controlling information flow within and/or between clusters that are created near a quantum critical point. To this end, we construct inhomogeneous quantum phase transitions via designing spatio-temporal quantum fluctuations. We show how non-equilibrium evolution of disordered quantum systems can create new effective correlation length scales and effective dynamical critical exponents. In particular, we construct a class of causally-induced non-adiabatic quantum annealing transitions for strongly disordered quantum Ising chains leading to exponential suppression of topological defects beyond standard Kibble-Zurek predictions. Using exact numerical techniques for 1D quantum Hamiltonian systems, we demonstrate that our approach exponentially outperform adiabatic quantum computing. Using Strong-Disorder Renormalization Group (SDRG), we demonstrate the universality of inhomogeneous quantum critical dynamics and exhibit the causal zones reconstructions during SDRG flow. We derive a scaling relation for minimal causal gaps showing they narrow more slowly than any polynomial with increasing size of system, in contrast to stretched exponential scaling in standard adiabatic evolution. Furthermore, we demonstrate similar scaling behaviour for random cluster-Ising Hamiltonians with higher order interactions.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, minor corrections, close to the published version
Understanding the Protected Nodes and Collapse of the Fermi Arcs in Underdoped Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Chen, Qijin
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how recent angle resolved photoemission measurements addressing the Fermi arcs in the cuprates reveal a very natural phenomenological description of the complex superfluid phase. Importantly, this phenomenology is consistent with a previously presented microscopic theory. By distinguishing the order parameter and the excitation gap, we are able to demonstrate how the collapse of the arcs below $T_c$ into well defined nodes is associated with the \emph{smooth} emergence of superconducting coherence. Comparison of this theory with experiment shows good semi-quantitative agreement.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, replaced with updated version
Additional file 4 of Genomic analysis of group B Streptococcus from milk demonstrates the need for improved biosecurity: a cross-sectional study of pastoralist camels in Kenya
Creators: name: Seligsohn, Dinah
name: Crestani, Chiara
name: Forde, Taya L.
name: Chenais, Erika
name: Zadoks, Ruth N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S2. Organisation of genes of the scpB-lmb mobile transposon as found in group B Streptococcus isolate P4 (sequence type 1) in milk from a camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Kenya. In this transposon, two variants of C5a peptidase gene scpB are present (scpB1 and scpB2) upstream the laminin binding protein gene lmb.
Session Topic: The Flow of Funds and Interest Rates-I: U.S. Financial Models: Discussion
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Econometric model building of the type represented in the Duesenberry-Bosworth paper was at best an attempt to see whether systems of, say more than 25 equations, add much to our knowledge of the economy and the response to policy changes. They have not, I believe, at least to this point, and I am not optimistic about a change in the next few years. Instead of commenting on the details of the particular models presented at this session, I will explain some of the reasoning that brings me to that conclusion. Before doing so, let me make clear that my comments are not directed at either "theory" or empirical science. There is very little of either in current econometric practice. I view my comments as a criticism of large models, models of twenty-five or more equations, not as a criticism of modelling or testing economic hypotheses.
Lorentzian geometry of qubit entanglement
Creators: name: Samuel, Joseph
name: Shivam, Kumar
name: Sinha, Supurna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between qubit entanglement and Lorentzian geometry. In an earlier paper, we had given a recipe for detecting two qubit entanglement. The entanglement criterion is based on Partial Lorentz Transformations (PLT) on individual qubits. The present paper gives the theoretical framework underlying the PLT test. The treatment is based physically, on the causal structure of Minkowski spacetime, and mathematically, on a Lorentzian Singular Value Decomposition. A surprising feature is the natural emergence of "Energy conditions" used in Relativity. All states satisfy a "Dominant Energy Condition" (DEC) and separable states satisfy the Strong Energy Condition(SEC), while entangled states violate the SEC. Apart from testing for entanglement, our approach also enables us to construct a separable form for the density matrix in those cases where it exists. Our approach leads to a simple graphical three dimensional representation of the state space which shows the entangled states within the set of all states.
description: 9 pages 3 figures
title: ADCO, Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1497-1504) (11 H 1172), f. 00272
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: comptes
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1497-1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1172). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1497-1504), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1172), f. 00272, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Initial Observations of Sunspot Oscillations Excited by Solar Flare
Creators: name: Kosovichev, A. G.
name: Sekii, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of a large solar flare of December 13, 2006, using Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) on Hinode spacecraft revealed high-frequency oscillations excited by the flare in the sunspot chromosphere. These oscillations are observed in the region of strong magnetic field of the sunspot umbra, and may provide a new diagnostic tool for probing the structure of sunspots and understanding physical processes in solar flares.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, ApJL in press
Additional file 1 of Multi-omics analyses on Kandelia obovata reveal its response to transplanting and genetic differentiation among populations
Creators: name: Zhao, Yuze
name: Zhong, Yifan
name: Ye, Congting
name: Liang, Pingping
name: Pan, Xiaobao
name: Zhang, Yuan-Ye
name: Zhang, Yihui
name: Shen, Yingjia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Sequential incompleteness and dynamic suboptimality in stochastic OLG economies with production
Creators: name: Orrego, Fabrizio
name: Spear, Stephen
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study a stochastic overlapping generations model with production and three- period-lived agents. Agents trade bonds and risky capital. Unlike the two-period model, we show that a stationary equilibrium in which prices and allocations depend solely on the aggregate capital stock and the current shock does not exist. Hence, the recursive equilibrium becomes the relevant equilibrium concept. For the recursive formulation of the model, markets are sequentially incomplete and we show that there is room for Pareto improvements in terms of intergenerational risk sharing. Finally, we examine whether the introduction of capital income taxation improves the allocation of risk.
Breath analysis for the non-invasive assessment of colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Lin, Geng-Ping
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading malignancies worldwide and the early diagnosis of CRC is the key to better prognosis. Breath analysis which lacks standardization is a novel method potentially capable of non-invasive CRC detection and monitoring. The objective was to develop a VOC base model for diagnosis and monitoring of CRC. Secondary aims were to explore the different methodology including the influence of off-line sampling, perform multiplatform correlation of VOCs in human breath. Initial studies determined the strengths and weaknesses of three different breath sampling devices. Findings showed that no single device has all the desired attributes of optimal method for breath collection system. The device chosen for future clinical studies because of the acceptable VOC capture, repeatability, and human factor analysis. A study of the comparability of the different VOC analytical methods were done to confirm the possibility of cross validating the VOCs. The results supported the implementation of an off- line thermal desorption-based platform for breath collection in multi-site studies for breath biomarker research. Analysis of room air VOCs provide baseline understanding of their ambient levels and potential contribution as contaminants. The background noise could be mostly ignored with a single background sample analysis. Adapting these methods VOCs levels were examined in the tumour headspace and exhaled breath of patients with colorectal cancer. Tumour headspace analysis showed tumour and colonic mucosa might release different VOC which is detectable on mass spectrometry. Exhaled breath from CRC patients provided tentative evidence that selected exhaled VOCs were linked to CRC and that the compounds may change as a response to therapeutic intervention and disease status. Further work is however, needed to refine the methodology for sample collection and handling to ensure reliability of results.
Encounter-controlled coalescence and annihilation on a one-dimensional growing domain
Creators: name: Vot, F. Le
name: Escudero, C.
name: Abad, E.
name: Yuste, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetics of encounter-controlled processes in growing domains is markedly different from that in a static domain. Here, we consider the specific example of diffusion limited coalescence and annihilation reactions in one-dimensional space. In the static case, such reactions are among the few systems amenable to exact solution, which can be obtained by means of a well-known method of intervals. In the case of a uniformly growing domain, we show that a double transformation in time and space allows one to extend this method to compute the main quantities characterizing the spatial and temporal behavior. We show that a sufficiently fast domain growth brings about drastic changes in the behavior. In this case, the reactions stop prematurely, as a result of which the survival probability of the reacting particles tends to a finite value at long times and their spatial distribution freezes before reaching the fully self-ordered state. We obtain exact results for the survival probability and for key properties characterizing the degree of self-ordering induced by the chemical reactions, i.e., the interparticle distribution function and the pair correlation function. These results are confirmed by numerical simulations.
description: 40 pages, 10 figures
Lee-Yang Zeroes and Logarithmic Corrections in the $Φ^4_4$ Theory
Creators: name: Kenna, R.
name: Lang, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The leading mean-field critical behaviour of $ϕ^4_4$-theory is modified by multiplicative logarithmic corrections. We analyse these corrections both analytically and numerically. In particular we present a finite-size scaling theory for the Lee-Yang zeroes and temperature zeroes, both of which exhibit logarithmic corrections. On lattices from size $8^4$ to $24^4$, Monte-Carlo cluster methods and multi-histogram techniques are used to determine the partition function zeroes closest to the critical point. Finite-size scaling behaviour is verified and the logarithmic corrections are found to be in good agreement with our analytical predictions.
description: 4 p + 1 PS-figure
Defining Occupational Competence and Occupational Identity Within the Context of Recovery in Schizophrenia
Creators: name: Tan, Bhing Leet
name: Lim, Madeline Wei Zhen
name: Xie, Huiting
name: Li, Ziqiang
name: Lee, Jimmy
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mental health services

description: Importance: The Occupational Self Assessment (OSA) measures two constructs from the Model of Human Occupation: occupational competence and occupational identity. In the field of mental health, the recovery movement has sparked discussions about what constitutes personal, clinical, and functional recovery. However, how occupation-based terminologies are related to the recovery framework is unclear.Objective: To elucidate how domains of recovery and psychological constructs are related to the OSA’s constructs of occupational competence and occupational identity in order to inform occupational therapy practice in the recovery arena.Design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: Outpatient mental health unit.Participants: Sixty-six community-dwelling adults with schizophrenia recruited through convenience sampling.Outcomes and Measures: Participants completed the OSA and clinical, functional, and personal recovery assessments. They also completed five scales that measured psychological constructs of recovery such as hope, resilience, empowerment, internalized stigma, and subjective well-being. Participants also identified up to four OSA items that were priorities for change. Tests of association and multiple regression analyses were conducted to identify predictors of occupational competence and occupational identity.Results: Personal recovery predicted occupational competence, whereas depressive symptoms and hope predicted occupational identity. Functional and clinical recovery did not predict occupational competence. The top three OSA priorities for change were performance items: “managing my finances,” “concentrating on my tasks,” and “taking care of myself.”Conclusions and Relevance: Occupational therapy interventions should not be limited to functional improvement. Instead, they should account for clients’ affective states and seek to instill recovery-oriented psychological states such as hope and efficacy.What This Article Adds: Occupational competence is achieved by enhancing personal states of self-efficacy in fulfilling valued occupations rather than through functional improvement. The top three occupations prioritized for change were performance tasks that were observable by service users and immediate caregivers. Empowering clients to partake in these everyday performance tasks such as finance management, concentrating on tasks, and self-care may pave the way to enhancing occupational competence and identity.
Constant-length random substitutions and Gibbs measures
Creators: name: Maldonado, Cesar
name: Trejo-Valencia, Liliana
name: Ugalde, Edgardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B05

description: This work is devoted to the study of processes generated by random substitutions over a finite alphabet. We prove, under mild conditions on the substitution's rule, the existence of a unique process which remains invariant under the substitution, and exhibiting polynomial decay of correlations. For constant-length substitutions, we go further by proving that the invariant state is precisely a Gibbs measure which can be obtained as the projective limit of its natural Markovian approximations. We close the paper with a class of substitutions whose invariant state is the unique Gibbs measure for a hierarchical two-body interaction.
$\bar B\to\bar K\e^+\e^-$ in Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Falk, Adam F.
name: Grinstein, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combined use of chiral $SU(3)$ and heavy quark symmetries allows one to relate the hadronic form factors for the decay $\bar B\to \bar K\e^+\e^-$ to those for $\bar B\toπ\e^-\barν$. We investigate departures from the symmetry limit which arise from chiral symmetry breaking. The analysis uses chiral perturbation theory and the heavy quark limit to compute the relevant hadronic matrix elements. We estimate the size of $SU(3)$ corrections by computing, at one loop order, the leading nonanalytic dependence on the light quark masses. The calculation is trustworthy only in the portion of the Dalitz plot in which the momentum of the kaon or pion is small. We find the corrections to be~$\sim40\%$.
description: 16 pages, 4 postscript figures appended, uses harvmac.tex, SLAC-PUB-6237, SSCL-Preprint-422
title: Salt Fluxes at the Chesapeake Bay Entrance
Creators: name: Lane, Ruth
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2007

description: Underway measurements of salinity and flow profiles were used to compute salt fluxes at the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay in spring and summer. Waters were sampled along a cross-bay transect over four tidal cycles in 1997: at the end of April, during neap tides, and in mid-July, during spring tides. Data were interpolated onto a uniform grid along the transect area. A least squares regression with semidiurnal and diurnal harmonics was fit on both salinity and flow at each point of the grid to separate tidal from non-tidal influences. The results of the least squares fit were used to reconstruct two semi-diurnal tidal cycles and to make comparisons between the total salt flux and the sum of the residual plus tidal salt flux. Values of salinity, velocity, and total salt flux determined from the least-squares fit, reconstructed over a 25 hour period, compared well with those values observed directly. In the stratified April water column, total salt flux was closely approximated by the sum of residual and tidal salt fluxes. The July water column was less stratified than April. Accordingly, total salt flux could not be explained by the sum of residual and tidal salt flux alone, showing that the effects of dispersion can not be ignored in a mixed water column.
Large Radius Hagedorn Regime in String Gas Cosmology
Creators: name: Skliros, Dimitri
name: Hindmarsh, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the equation of state of a gas of strings at high density in a large toroidal universe, and use it to determine the cosmological evolution of background metric and dilaton fields in the entire large radius Hagedorn regime, (ln S)^{1/d} << R << S^{1/d} (with S the total entropy). The pressure in this regime is not vanishing but of O(1), while the equation of state is proportional to volume, which makes our solutions significantly different from previously published approximate solutions. For example, we are able to calculate the duration of the high-density "Hagedorn" phase, which increases exponentially with increasing entropy, S. We go on to discuss the difficulties of the scenario, quantifying the problems of establishing thermal equilibrium and producing a large but not too weakly-coupled universe.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, more details presented in string thermodynamics section, to be published in Physical Review D
Sensible Energy Policy Does Not Include a Variable Import Fee
Creators: name: Lave, Lester B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Energy analysis has become unfashionable. The millions of dollars and professional hours devoted to fashioning solutions to the US energy problems in the late 1970s have disappeared with little trace. With world oil selling below $20 per barrel, there is little or no interest in alternatives to petroleum, or even in R&D on alternatives.
Laguerre-Gaussian mode sorter
Creators: name: Fontaine, Nicolas K.
name: Ryf, Roland
name: Chen, Haoshuo
name: Neilson, David T.
name: Kim, Kwangwoong
name: Carpenter, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light's spatial properties represent an infinite state space, making it attractive for applications requiring high dimensionality, such as quantum mechanics and classical telecommunications, but also inherently spatial applications such as imaging and sensing. However, there is no demultiplexing device in the spatial domain comparable to a grating or calcite for the wavelength and polarisation domains respectively. Specifically, a simple device capable of splitting a finite beam into a large number of discrete spatially separated spots each containing a single orthogonal spatial component. We demonstrate a device capable of decomposing a beam into a Cartesian grid of identical Gaussian spots each containing a single Laguerre-Gaussian component. This is the first device capable of decomposing the azimuthal and radial components simultaneously, and is based on a single spatial light modulator and mirror. We demonstrate over 210 spatial components, meaning it is also the highest dimensionality mode multiplexer of any kind.
The Kaon $B$-parameter with Wilson Fermions
Creators: name: Gupta
name: Daniel
name: Kilcup
name: Patel
name: Sharpe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the kaon $B$-parameter in quenched lattice QCD at $β=6.0$ using Wilson fermions at $κ=0.154$ and $0.155$. We use two kinds of non-local (``smeared'') sources for quark propagators to calculate the matrix elements between states of definite momentum. The use of smeared sources yields results with much smaller errors than obtained in previous calculations with Wilson fermions. By combining results for $\vec p =(0,0,0)$ and $\vec p =(0,0,1)$, we show that one can carry out the non-perturbative subtraction necessary to remove the dominant lattice artifacts induced by the chiral symmetry breaking term in the Wilson action. Our final results are in good agreement with those obtained using staggered fermions. We also present results for $B$-parameters of the $ΔI = 3/2$ part of the electromagnetic penguin operators, and preliminary results for \bk\ in the presence of two flavors of dynamical quarks.
description: 39 pages, including 9 PS figures (LA UR-91-3522)
Intermittent fluctuations in the Alcator C-Mod scrape-off layer for ohmic and high confinement mode plasmas
Creators: name: Garcia, O. E.
name: Kube, R.
name: Theodorsen, A.
name: LaBombard, B.
name: Terry, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasma fluctuations in the scrape-off layer of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak in ohmic and high confinement modes have been analyzed using gas puff imaging data. In all cases investigated, the time series of emission from a single spatially-resolved view into the gas puff are dominated by large-amplitude bursts, attributed to blob-like filament structures moving radially outwards and poloidally. There is a remarkable similarity of the fluctuation statistics in ohmic plasmas and in edge localized mode-free and enhanced D-alpha high confinement mode plasmas. Conditionally averaged wave forms have a two-sided exponential shape with comparable temporal scales and asymmetry, while the burst amplitudes and the waiting times between them are exponentially distributed. The probability density functions and the frequency power spectral densities are self-similar for all these confinement modes. These results are strong evidence in support of a stochastic model describing the plasma fluctuations in the scrape-off layer as a super-position of uncorrelated exponential pulses. Predictions of this model are in excellent agreement with experimental measurements in both ohmic and high confinement mode plasmas. The stochastic model thus provides a valuable tool for predicting fluctuation-induced plasma-wall interactions in magnetically confined fusion plasmas.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1344
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1344, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 1344, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Nonrelativistic Limit of Dirac Theory From Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Santos, Rodrigo Corso B.
name: Gomes, Pedro R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we analyze the low energy nonrelativistic limit of Dirac theory in the framework of effective field theory. By integrating out the high energy modes of Dirac field, given in terms of a combination of the two-components Weyl spinors, we obtain a low energy effective action for the remaining components, whose equation of motion can then be compared to the Pauli-Schrödinger equation after demanding normalization of the wave function. We then discuss the relevance of the terms in the effective action in the context of an anisotropic dimensional analysis which is suitable for nonrelativistic theories.
description: 20 pages, typos corrected, minor improvements, references added
Stochastic actions for diffusive dynamics: Reweighting, sampling, and minimization
Creators: name: Adib, Artur B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In numerical studies of diffusive dynamics, two different action functionals are often used to specify the probability distribution of trajectories, one of which requiring the evaluation of the second derivative of the potential in addition to the force. Here it is argued that both actions are equivalent prescriptions for the purposes of reweighting and sampling trajectories, whereas the most probable path is more generally given by the global minimum of the action involving the second derivative term. The answer to this apparent paradox lies in the non-differentiable character of Brownian paths, as well as in the "entropy" associated with a given trajectory.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; in press (J. Phys. Chem. B)
Selling to Strategic Customers: Opaque Selling Strategies
Creators: name: Kinshuk  Jerath
name: Netessine, Serguei
name: Senthil K. Veeraraghavan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Over the past few years, firms in the travel and entertainment industries have begun using novel sales strategies for revenue management. In this chapter, we study a selling strategy called opaque selling, in which firms guarantee one of several fully specified products, but hide the identity of the product that the consumer will actually obtain until after the purchase is completed. Several firms such as Hotwire, Priceline and Mystery Flights engage in opaque selling of travel products. The academic literature in this area is recent and evolving. We first survey the nascent literature on opaque selling strategies. After presenting the current state of theory and practice, we analyze in-depth a model of competing firms selling horizontally differentiated products through an opaque channel. Consumers strategically time their purchases by developing rational expectations about future availability in the opaque market, keeping in mind that demand is uncertain and product supply could be limited. This model helps illustrate the conditions under which opaque selling can increase firm profits. We conclude the chapter by discussing ongoing research and charting out future research directions.
Deep joint source-channel coding for vision-based inference at the wireless edge
Creators: name: Jankowski, Mikolaj
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Vision-based inference systems have recently reached super-human levels thanks to significant progress in deep learning algorithms. However, application of these algorithms on edge devices is challenging due to their limited computational power and limited local information. Alternatively, edge inference systems can utilize the resources available at more capable edge servers to solve the underlying task. Yet, the design of distributed edge inference solutions is challenging, as it requires carefully considering and optimizing multiple factors related to deep learning together with wireless communications. This thesis studies the design of vision-based edge systems for solving retrieval, classification, and deep neural network parameter delivery tasks under various constraints including the computational, memory, and communication resource limitations. The presented research is based on the recent advances in the field of deep joint source-channel coding (DeepJSCC), which is an alternative to classical, separation-based communication protocols. DeepJSCC simplifies the design of edge systems by introducing an autoencoder neural network, which is trained to map the information source directly to the channel input symbols, and similarly, to map the noisy channel output directly to the reconstructed signal. Such a DeepJSCC autoencoder pair can be further trained with a task-oriented optimization objective, leading to performance gains in the underlying computer vision tasks. For the tasks studied in this thesis, we provide a set of algorithms for achieving improved performance while meeting the communication and computational constraints. Extensive evaluations show that the proposed DeepJSCC approach is an exceptional alternative to the separation-based algorithms, and can play an important role in future generations of intelligent wireless networks.
title: ADCO, Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503) (11 H 1173), f. 00637
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP

description: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Grènetier de Cîteaux : comptes (1499-1503), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1173), f. 00637, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Spin dynamics from time-dependent density functional perturbation theory
Creators: name: Gorni, Tommaso
name: Timrov, Iurii
name: Baroni, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to model spin-wave excitations in magnetic solids, based on the Liouville-Lanczos approach to time-dependent density functional perturbation theory. This method avoids computationally expensive sums over empty states and naturally deals with the coupling between spin and charge fluctuations, without ever explicitly computing charge-density susceptibilities. Spin-wave excitations are obtained with one Lanczos chain per magnon wave-number and polarization, avoiding the solution of the linear-response problem for every individual value of frequency, as other state-of-the-art approaches do. Our method is validated by computing magnon dispersions in bulk Fe and Ni, resulting in agreement with previous theoretical studies in both cases, and with experiment in the case of Fe. The disagreement in the case of Ni is also comparable with that of previous computations.
Additional file 1 of Patterns of child mortality in rural area of Burkina Faso: evidence from the Nanoro health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS)
Creators: name: Noori, Navideh
name: Derra, Karim
name: Valea, Innocent
name: Oron, Assaf P.
name: Welgo, Aminata
name: Rouamba, Toussaint
name: Boua, Palwende Romuald
name: Somé, Athanase M.
name: Rouamba, Eli
name: Wenger, Edward
name: Sorgho, Hermann
name: Tinto, Halidou
name: Ouédraogo, Andre Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The Nanoro health district is divided to four regions; north, east, south and west of lake. Figure S2. Hazard ratios associated with the probability of mortality of children under-­5. Risk factors reducing the probability of death have hazard ratios lower than 1 to the left of the vertical dashed line. Hazard ratios (yellow points), 95% confidence intervals (horizontal lines) and the p values are given. The variables with the yellow points on the vertical dashed line represent the reference groups. Figure S3. Mortality per 1000 live births per village for children under­-5. Each circle represents a village and the size of circle represents the number of live births. The lighter color indicates lower mortality rate and darker color indicates a higher mortality rate. Figure S4. Travel time of children under-­5, living in the Nanoro health district, from an inpatient health facility. Each circle represents an individual. Figure S5. Mortality per 1,000 live births for children under­-5 versus subgroups of distance, travel time and walking travel time to inpatient health facilities. Circle size represents the number of births within each subgroup. Figure S6. Mortality per 1,000 live births for children under­-5 versus subgroups of distance, travel time and walking travel time to outpatient health facilities.Circle size represents the number of births within each subgroup. Figure S7. Mortality per 1000 live births for each event month. Figure S8. Mortality count by age group. Figure S9. In-­ and out-­migration count by month. Table S1. Results of unadjusted Cox regression models for under­5 mortality. Hazard Ratios are presented with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses. Table S2. Results of unadjusted cox regression models for under­-5 mortality per 1000 live births. Each risk factor was fitted to the model as a continuous variable. Hazard Ratios are presented with 95% confidence intervals in parentheses.
Effects of self-phase modulation on weak nonlinear optical quantum gates
Creators: name: Kok, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A possible two-qubit gate for optical quantum computing is the parity gate based on the weak Kerr effect. Two photonic qubits modulate the phase of a coherent state, and a quadrature measurement of the coherent state reveals the parity of the two qubits without destroying the photons. This can be used to create so-called cluster states, a universal resource for quantum computing. Here, the effect of self-phase modulation on the parity gate is studied, introducing generating functions for the Wigner function of a modulated coherent state. For materials with non-EIT-based Kerr nonlinearities, there is typically a self-phase modulation that is half the magnitude of the cross-phase modulation. Therefore, this effect cannot be ignored. It is shown that for a large class of physical implementations of the phase modulation, the quadrature measurement cannot distinguish between odd and even parity. Consequently, weak nonlinear parity gates must be implemented with physical systems where the self-phase modulation is negligable.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Selling Goods of Unknown Quality: Forward versus Spot Auctions
Creators: name: Hafalir, Isa
name: Yektas, Hadi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider an environment where the sale can take place so early that both the seller and the potential buyers have the same uncertainty about the quality of the good. We present a simple model that allows the seller to put the good for sale before or after this uncertainty is resolved, , namely via forward auction or spot auction, respectively. We solve for the equilibrium of these two auctions and then compare the resulting revenues. We also consider the revenue implications of the insurance in forward auctions.
The String Tension in Gauge Theories: a Suggestion for a New Measurement Method
Creators: name: Marinari, E.
name: Paciello, M. L.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Taglienti, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a new method for testing confinement and measuring the string tension (in the Coulomb gauge). Our numerical simulations demonstrate that the problems related to Gribov copies are not harmful and that the method is effective in the case of pure gauge Q.C.D.. We discuss the relevance of the method for studying gauge theories coupled to fermionic matter.
description: 9 pages, Latex style, 4 postscript figures appended, ROMA 92-903
Biomolecular design of DNA aptamers to target α-Synuclein oligomers in Parkinson’s disease - metal interactions of α-Synuclein probed by NMR amide-proton exchange
Creators: name: Gonzalez Garcia, Mario
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: α-Synuclein is a small, monomeric intrinsically disordered protein mainly expressed at the presynaptic terminal of neurons. By establishing interactions with neuronal and synaptic vesicle membranes, α-Synuclein is believed to be a critical component in neurotransmission. Under certain conditions, however, the aberrant misfolding and aggregation of α-Synuclein may be triggered, which are strongly linked to the pathology of Parkinson’s disease. Recent findings have identified the disruption of biological membranes as the main underlying pathological mechanism. Essential structural knowledge of the membrane binding ability of α-Synuclein fundamental to the mechanism of toxicity is exploited in this thesis, with the aim of selecting DNA aptamers targeted at the key N-terminal region to block the detrimental interactions of α-Synuclein oligomeric species with lipid membranes. Identified aptamers, however, failed at showing preferential binding to α-Synuclein at different biophysical assays. Instead, sequences with affinity for streptavidin, which was used to immobilise the target, were unintentionally selected for and isolated. It is now established that α-Synuclein interacts with a variety of metal ions, which may alter its conformational properties and promote aggregation. Abnormal metal ion levels in neurons may therefore directly contribute to the development of idiopathic Parkinson’s disease by shifting the conformational ensemble of α-Synuclein through the disruption of native intramolecular interactions. To characterise the nature of these conformational changes, nuclear magnetic resonance was used to study hydrogen exchange of the backbone amide protons as a measure of solvent exposure. These experiments were complemented with chemical shift perturbation and 15N relaxation measurements to obtain a comprehensive view of the interaction between α-Synuclein and the pathophysiologically relevant metal ions Ca2+, Cu2+, Cu+, Mn2+ and Zn2+. Overall, the data presented in this thesis indicate that binding of different metals may induce effects of different structural nature that have the potential of skewing the conformational ensemble towards aggregation-prone conformers.