cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Behaviours in Small-Scale Dairy Farms in Turkey
Creators: name: Armagan, Goksel
name: Ozden, Altug
name: Armagan, Goksel
name: Ozden, Altug
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Small-Scale Dairy Farms
subject: Entrepreneur Index
subject: Theory of Planned Behavior
subject: Turkey

description: Dairy farms are quite important to transform Turkish livestock sector into being more productive and competitive in the process of EU integration. The purpose of this study is to determine the socio economic features of dairy farms in Turkey and to determine producers’ individual and management goals in the future. In addition, farmers’ level of participation related to the attitudes, behaviors and subjective norm components are determined and an entrepreneurship index is constructed to determine the factors that influence social economic characteristics of entrepreneurship. The material of the study consists of 167 surveys obtained from Cattle Breeders Association of Turkey in 17 cities through the postal mail in 2007. A five “Likert Scale” was used to determine behaviors and attitudes of farmers as well as descriptive statistics. In each category, factor weights were calculated based on factor analyses. Then, the social economic factors that determine entrepreneurship index were estimated using “Logistic Regression”. The results indicate that the primary goals of farmers are high income, enjoying the job, better life conditions, earning respect, utilizing the resources, better image, and producing high quality products. When entrepreneurial behaviors and attitudes are examined it was found that most of the farmers aim at earning high profit as a main goal and value dairy milk farming. The logistic regression shows that the factors that determine entrepreneur index are age, experience and area of feed crops.
Evolution of Chemistry and Molecular Line Profile during Protostellar Collapse
Creators: name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
name: Evans, Neal J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the chemical evolution in star-forming cores is a necessary pre-condition to correctly assess physical conditions when using molecular emission. We follow the evolution of chemistry and molecular line profiles through the entire star formation process, including a self-consistent treatment of dynamics, dust continuum radiative transfer, gas energetics, chemistry, molecular excitation, and line radiative transfer. In particular, the chemical code follows a gas parcel as it falls toward the center, passing through regimes of density, dust temperature, and gas temperature that are changing both because of the motion of the parcel and the evolving luminosity of the central source. We combine a sequence of Bonnor-Ebert spheres and the inside-out collapse model to describe dynamics from the pre-protostellar stage to later stages. The overall structures of abundance profiles show complex behavior that can be understood as interactions between freeze-out and evaporation of molecules. We find that the presence or absence of gas-phase CO has a tremendous effect on the less abundant species. In addition, the ambient radiation field and the grain properties have important effects on the chemical evolution, and the variations in abundance have strong effects on the predicted emission line profiles. Multi-transition and multi-position ob servations are necessary to constrain the parameters and interpret observations correctly in terms of physical conditions. Good spatial and spectral resolution is also important in distinguishing evolutionary stages.
description: 41 pages, 26 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Automobilität nach der Pandemie und angesichts multipler Krisen
Creators: name: Canzler, Weert
name: Knie, Andreas
Publisher: name: Soziologie und Nachhaltigkeit
Year: 2024
Subjects: Verkehrswende
Klimakrise
Virtualisierung
Realexperimente
Konflikte

description: Das Auto ist allgegenwärtig, aber es leidet an seinem eigenen Erfolg. Die Folgen der Übermotorisierung belasten nicht nur das Klima und die Umwelt, sondern sie beeinträchtigen auch die gesellschaftliche Teilhabe und tragen zur Verschärfung von Raumkonkurrenzen bei. Auf der Agenda steht daher eine umfassende Verkehrswende, die mehr ist als nur der Wechsel in der Antriebstechnik. Elektromobilität als Teil eines erneuerbaren Energiesystems ist ein Element einer Transformation, die auch die Siedlungs- und Arbeitsstrukturen betrifft und den Alternativen zum Auto mehr Ressourcen und Platz gibt. In der Corona-Pandemie hat sich eine Virtualisierung von physischem Verkehr verstärkt, die Handlungsoptionen für eine Verkehrswende haben sich erweitert. Dennoch gibt es starke Beharrungskräfte, die Siedlungs- und Infrastrukturen sind ebenso wie das Recht und die individuellen Handlungsroutinen von der jahrzehntelangen Fokussierung auf das Auto geprägt. Die Prägungen zu ändern ist unvermeidbar mit Konflikten verbunden. Am Anfang können temporäre Versuche stehen, in denen eine neue Mobilitätswirklichkeit erlebt werden kann. Grundlegende Konflikte sind dennoch unvermeidbar.


The car is ubiquitous, but it suffers from its own success. The consequences of over-motorization not only burden the climate and the environment, but also impair social participation and contribute to the intensification of spatial competition. On the agenda, therefore, is a comprehensive transformation of transportation that is more than just a change in drive technology. Electromobility as part of a renewable energy system is one element of a transformation that also affects settlement and work structures and gives more resources and space to alternatives to the car. In the Corona pandemic, a virtualization of physical transport has intensified, and the options for action for a transport turnaround have expanded. Nevertheless, there are strong forces of persistence; settlement and infrastructure, as well as law and individual action routines, have been shaped by decades of focus on the car. Changing these imprints is inevitably associated with conflicts. At the beginning, there can be temporary experiments in which a new reality of mobility can be experienced. Fundamental conflicts are nevertheless unavoidable.


(peer reviewed)
description: Soziologie und Nachhaltigkeit, Sonderband 3: Beschleunigter Wandel oder nachhaltige Nicht-Nachhaltigkeit?
Fast plasma dilution in ITER with pure Deuterium Shattered Pellet Injection
Creators: name: Nardon, E.
name: Hu, D.
name: Hoelzl, M.
name: Bonfiglio, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: JOREK 3D non-linear MagnetoHydroDynamic (MHD) simulations of pure Deuterium Shattered Pellet Injection in ITER are presented. It is shown that such a scheme could allow diluting the plasma by more than a factor 10 without immediately triggering large MHD activity, provided the background impurity density is low enough. This appears as a promising strategy to reduce the risk of hot tail Runaway Electron (RE) generation and to avoid RE beams altogether in ITER, motivating further studies in this direction.
description: Published in Nuclear Fusion
Urban mobility policy in pandemic times
Creators: name: Meinherz, Franziska X.
name: Wentland, Alexander
Publisher: name: Soziologie und Nachhaltigkeit
Year: 2024
Subjects: Urban mobility
Covid-19
Sustainability transitions
Crisis governance
Cities

description: Auf der Grundlage einer Analyse offizieller Dokumente von acht europäischen Städten (Barcelona, Brüssel, Dublin, Kopenhagen, Lissabon, Madrid, München, Paris) untersuchten wir in diesem Artikel, inwiefern die Erfahrungen der Pandemie städtische Diskurse bezüglich der Prioritätensetzung für die Mobilitätswende beeinflussten. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die meisten Städte davon ausgehen, aus der Pandemie für die Zukunft gelernt und mit ihrer mobilitätsbezogenen Krisenpolitik einen Beitrag zur Mobilitätswende geleistet zu haben. Vor der Pandemie verbuchten die meisten Städte die Dekarbonisierung der Mobilität als positiven Nebeneffekt politischer Maßnahmen mit anderen Zielen, wie der Reduktion von Luftverschmutzung und Stau. Diese fragmentierte Art der Klima- und Mobilitätspolitik wird kritisiert, da sie kaum auf mögliche Zielkonflikte eingeht und oftmals das Ergebnis finanzieller und politischer Einschränkungen darstellt. Wir stellten fest, dass die meisten Städte nicht in der Lage waren, die Coronapandemie für die Überwindung solcher strukturellen Probleme zu nutzen. 


This article contributes to current debates regarding the implications of Covid-19 for urban mobility transitions. Based on official documents from eight European cities (Barcelona, Brussels, Copenhagen, Dublin, Lisbon, Madrid, Munich, Paris), we analysed how the experience of Covid-19 affected cities’ policy framings regarding their mobility transitions. We found that most cities insisted on the necessity of “building back better” after the pandemic, and that their mobility-related responses to the pandemic were aligned with their pre-pandemic priorities. Prior to Covid-19, most cities referred to the decarbonisation of mobility as a corollary benefit of measures that aimed to tackle other problems, such as air pollution or congestion. This way of framing climate action tends to result in fragmented measures and can fail to account for trade-offs between different issues. Our findings resonate with scholarship that explains the tendency to bundle climate action with other policy objectives with the financial constraints and limited political capacities of cities. We conclude that most cities were not able to leverage the pandemic to overcome such structural constraints. 


(peer reviewed)
description: Soziologie und Nachhaltigkeit, Sonderband 3: Beschleunigter Wandel oder nachhaltige Nicht-Nachhaltigkeit?
Double dispersion of the magnetic resonant mode in cuprates
Creators: name: Sega, I.
name: Prelovsek, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic excitation spectra in the vicinity of the resonant peak, as observed by inelastic neutron scattering in cuprates, are studied within the memory-function approach. It is shown that at intermediate doping the superconducting gap induces a double dispersion of the peak, with an anisotropy rotated between the downward and upward branch. Similar behavior, but with a spin-wave dispersion at higher energies, is obtained for the low-doping case assuming a large pairing pseudogap.
description: 4 LaTeX pages, 4 figures
LEARNER PERSISTENCE IN ADULT SCHOOLS: DO TEACHER CHARACTERISTICS MATTER?
Creators: name: Rublaitus, Thoibi N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: learner persistence
adult school students
teacher-student relationships
drop-outs
attrition

description: This descriptive research explored the relationship between teacher characteristics and adult learner persistence. Using enrollment and attendance data of 10,508 students for one and half years from seven adult schools in the Inland Empire region of Southern California, this study analyzed adult learner persistence. This study matched the teachers to the students' persistence scores using a cross-sectional survey data of 47 teachers. The survey instrument consisted of a compilation of demographics questions and five pre-validated psychometric analysis tools. These tools measured teachers' dispositions for teaching, personality, grit, passion, and job satisfaction. Teachers at adult schools who were highly educated, experienced, spoke a language other than English, and had single-subject credentials were associated with higher adult learners' persistence. Teachers who scored high on extroversion and openness on the Big-5 personality test and had high grit and high passion scores were also associated with higher adult learner persistence.
Tunisian agriculture: Are small farms doomed to disappear?
Creators: name: Jouili, Mustapha
name: Jouili, Mustapha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: agriculture
subject: agricultural policy
subject: small farms
subject: Tunisia

description: In Tunisia, small and medium-sized family farms dominate agriculture. From the early 80s, with the introduction of the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP), the conditions of production and reproduction of small farms have radically changed. In addition to the unfavorable trend of the prices, these farms are increasingly excluded from credit, land and support services. The ultimate consequence is a tendency in real incomes to decline, particularly sharp for small farms in the arid regions of the country. Faced with this degradation, small farms have developed mechanisms of adaptation or regulation allowing them to survive and, even in certain cases, to ensure more than a simple reproduction. But, it seems that the limits of these mechanisms of resistance have already reached or almost. All the indications suggest that the changes observed will lead the majority of these farmers to abandon their land and to undertake the path of proletarianization. However, other factors must be taken into account. The absence of any alternative of employment and stable income, in other activities, condemns small farms to remain in poverty and insecurity.
Generation of Gravitational Radiation in Dusty Plasmas and Supernovae
Creators: name: Brodin, G.
name: Marklund, M.
name: Shukla, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel nonlinear mechanism for exciting a gravitational radiation pulse (or a gravitational wave) by dust magnetohydrodynamic (DMHD) waves in dusty astrophysical plasmas. We derive the relevant equations governing the dynamics of nonlinearly coupled DMHD waves and a gravitational wave (GW). The system of equations is used to investigate the generation of a GW by compressional Alfvén waves in a type II supernova. The growth rate of our nonlinear process is estimated, and the results are discussed in the context of the gravitational radiation accompanying supernova explosions.
description: 4 pages
Emission Line Properties of Seyfert 2 Nuclei
Creators: name: Gu, Qiusheng
name: Melnick, Jorge
name: Fernandes, Roberto Cid
name: Kunth, Daniel
name: Terlevich, Elena
name: Terlevich, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the global properties of Joguet's sample of 65 Seyfert 2 galaxies. We use the population synthesis models of our Paper II to derive `pure' emission-line spectra, and thus explore the statistical properties of the nuclear nebular components and their relation to the stellar populations. We find that the emission line clouds suffer substantially more extinction than the starlight, and confirm the correlations between stellar and nebular velocity dispersions and between emission line luminosity and velocity dispersions. Nuclear luminosities correlate with stellar velocity dispersions. Removing the contribution of young stars to the optical continuum produces a tighter and steeper relation, $L \propto σ_\star^4$, consistent with the Faber-Jackson law. Emission line ratios indicative of the gas excitation such as [OIII]/H$β$ and [OIII]/[OII] are statistically smaller for Seyferts with significant star-formation, implying that ionization by massive stars is responsible for a substantial, and sometimes even a dominant, fraction of the H$β$ and [OII] fluxes. We use our models to constrain the maximum fraction of the ionizing power that can be generated by a hidden AGN. We correlate this fraction with classical indicators of AGN photo-ionization: X-ray luminosity and nebular excitation, but find no significant correlations. Thus, while there is a strong contribution of starbursts to the excitation of the nuclear nebular emission in low-luminosity Seyferts, the contribution of the hidden AGN remains elusive even in hard X-rays. (abridged)
description: 12 pages, 13 figures. Final version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Relations between $b\rightarrow cτν$ Decay Modes in Scalar Models
Creators: name: Schacht, Stefan
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a consequence of the Ward identity for hadronic matrix elements, we find relations between the differential decay rates of semileptonic decay modes with the underlying quark-level transition $b\rightarrow cτν$, which are valid in scalar models. The decay-mode dependent scalar form factor is the only necessary theoretical ingredient for the relations. Otherwise, they combine measurable decay rates as a function of the invariant mass-squared of the lepton pair $q^2$ in such a way that a universal decay-mode independent function is found for decays to vector and pseudoscalar mesons, respectively. This can be applied to the decays $B\rightarrow D^{*}τν$, $B_s\rightarrow D_s^*τν$, $B_c\rightarrow J/ψτν$ and $B\rightarrow Dτν$, $B_s\rightarrow D_sτν$, $B_c\rightarrow η_cτν$, with implications for $R(D^{(*)})$, $R(D_s^{(*)})$, $R(J/ψ)$, $R(η_c)$, and $\mathcal{B}(B_c\rightarrow τν)$. The slope and curvature of the characteristic $q^2$-dependence is proportional to scalar new physics parameters, facilitating their straight forward extraction, complementary to global fits.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure. Additional references and clarifications. Conclusions unchanged
Visco-magnetic torque at the core mantle boundary
Creators: name: Deleplace, Bérangère
name: Cardin, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magneto-hydrodynamic model of boundary layers at the Core-Mantle Boundary (CMB) is derived and used to compute the viscous and electromagnetic torques generated by the Earth's nutation forcing. The predicted electromagnetic torque alone cannot account for the dissipation estimated from the observations of the free core nutation. The presence of a viscous boundary layer in the electromagnetic skin layer at the CMB, with its additional dissipative torques, may explain the geodetic data. An apparent Ekman number at the top of the core between 3 and $5 10^{-11}$ is inferred depending on the electrical conductivity of the mantle.
Tracing Very High Energy Tau Neutrinos from Cosmological Distances in Ice
Creators: name: Jones, J.
name: Mocioiu, I.
name: Sarcevic, I.
name: Reno, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical sources of ultrahigh energy neutrinos yield tau neutrino fluxes due to neutrino oscillations. We study in detail the contribution of tau neutrinos with energies above $10^6$ GeV relative to the contribution of the other flavors. We consider several different initial neutrino fluxes and include tau neutrino regeneration in transit through the Earth and energy loss of charged leptons. We discuss signals of tau neutrinos in detectors such as IceCube, RICE and ANITA.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; invited talk given at Coral Gables Conference on Launching of Belle Epoque in High Energy Physics and Cosmology, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, 17-21 Dec, 2003
The sustainability of small dairy farms in six regions of France. The roles of resources and local institutions
Creators: name: Mundler, Patrick
name: Jauneau, Jean-Claude
name: Guermonprez, Bruno
name: Pluvinage, Jean
name: Mundler, Patrick
name: Jauneau, Jean-Claude
name: Guermonprez, Bruno
name: Pluvinage, Jean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Small dairy farms
subject: sustainability
subject: resources
subject: territorial institutions

description: A survey of more than 150 small dairy farms and local economic, professional and political stakeholders was conducted in six regions of France. It revealed five types of farm strategy in relation to the farm’s size, agricultural diversification, importance of direct selling, and farm and household incomes. A “resource-based” approach shows that the sustainability of small farms is linked to economic, social and human resources. In this way the study shows the important part played by the household’s income and the farmer’s integration in the social fabric. This approach is complemented by an institutional approach: The sustainability of a small farm depends on local economic, professional and political institutions and an important role is played by the territorial context. Local representations can be formalised in different development processes and concern both the possible future of the dairy sector and the types of farm that are in a position to be competitive, and in this way contribute to the selection of dairy farms. This study shows that small dairy farms are not doomed to disappear. The mobilisation of the farm household’s internal resources combined with the positive impacts of the “local dairy surroundings” can offset in part, but successfully, the dairy sector’s permanent restructuring.
Equi-entangled bases in arbitrary dimensions
Creators: name: Karimipour, Vahid
name: Memarzadeh, Laleh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the space of two identical systems of arbitrary dimensions, we introduce a continuous family of bases with the following properties: i) the bases are orthonormal, ii) in each basis, all the states have the same values of entanglement, and iii) they continuously interpolate between the product basis and the maximally entangled basis. The states thus constructed may find applications in many areas related to quantum information science including quantum cryptography, optimal Bell tests and investigation of enhancement of channel capacity due to entanglement.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Additional file 4 of Systematic review of the registered clinical trials for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Creators: name: Zhu, Rui-Fang
name: Gao, Yu-Lu
name: Sue-Ho Robert
name: Gao, Jin-Ping
name: Yang, Shi-Gui
name: Chang-Tai Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Summary of the registered f observational clinical trial.
Feedback between Sgr A and B : AGN-Starburst Connection in the Galactic Centre
Creators: name: Sofue, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagation of fast-mode magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) compression waves is traced in the Galactic Centre. MHD waves produced by the active Galactic nucleus (Sgr A) focus on the molecular clouds such as Sgr B in the central molecular zone, which will trigger star formation, or possibly starburst. MHD waves newly excited by the starburst propagate backward, and focus on the nucleus (Sgr A), where implosive waves compress the nuclear gas to promote fueling the nucleus and may trigger nucleus activity. Echoing focusing of MHD waves between Sgr A (active galactic nucleus: AGN) and Sgr B (starburst) trigger each other at high efficiency by minimal energy requirement. It also solves the problem of angular momentum for AGN fueling, as the focusing waves do not require global gas flow.
description: Accepted for MNRAS, 13 pages, 15 figures
COVID-19 Bibliometrics 8th – 14th February 2021
Creators: name: Www.Covid19bibliometrics.Org
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID-19
Medicine and Health
Science and Engineering
Social Science, Humanities and Public Policy
novel Coronavirus
SARS-CoV-2
2019-nCoV

description: This is a compilation of COVID-19 research insights published from 8th – 14th February 2021 in these fields: Medicine and Health Science and Engineering Social Science, Humanities and Public Policy About www.covid19bibliometrics.org
 Introduction: The number of confirmed cases during the current Covid-19 pandemic is escalating exponentially. At the same time, the public are constantly being inundated with a formidable quantity of information, from innumerable sources, and containing both genuine as well as fake news. The Covid-19 “infodemic” is here. Health professionals including medical doctors and nurses are busy fighting the virus on the front line in our communities and hospitals and struggling to treat the ever-growing number of cases. Scientists and technicians at their bench-tops and computers in their research laboratories, are racing to find solutions, create new protective equipment, and ideally develop a vaccine. They all need accurate, timely and reliable information upon which they can make their decisions, find solutions, and help defeat this pandemic. This initiative aims to provide reliable and timely (initially at least twice a week) web updates on the relevant published literature. “Reliable” and “timely” means that it can be trusted and it is up to date; “relevant” and “published” means that it is focused on what health professionals and scientists need when facing both the pandemic and the infodemic, and it can be trusted as sound science. We plan to make the material succinct and accessible, and to provide key bibliometric indices such as source and citation.
 Objectives: 1. To update the global scientific community on current Covid-19 related published papers in an accessible, timely and trusted format
 2. To analyse the published papers for trends and to provide insights
 3. To identify gaps in research
 4. To promote international research collaboration with a view to overcoming Covid-19 and promoting recovery Methodology: Covid-19 related publications to be searched using the Scopus database using as a minimum the following keywords: 2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2, Covid-19, novel Coronavirus. Papers then to be categorized according to topic, research fields, institutions, countries, etc. Abstracts and papers to be reviewed for findings, trends, key insights, etc. To read previous COVID-19 research insights, please go to:
 https://zenodo.org/communities/covid19bibliometrics/
description: More information, please go to https://www.covid19bibliometrics.org/
Impact of fresh grapefruit quality on demand
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Agribusiness
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This study incorporates quality into the Rotterdam demand system based on utility theory. Quality was modeled through its impact on marginal utility via perceived prices, following theoretical work by Basemann and Barten, among others. Results show that the price elasticity of fresh grapefruit demand is near unitary at the retail level and juice content has had relatively large impacts on fresh grapefruit demand.
Sharp bends in photonic crystal waveguides as nonlinear Fano resonators
Creators: name: Miroshnichenko, Andrey E.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that high transmission through sharp bends in photonic crystal waveguides can be described by a simple model of the Fano resonance where the waveguide bend plays a role of a specific localized defect. We derive effective discrete equations for two types of the waveguide bends in two-dimensional photonic crystals and obtain exact analytical solutions for the resonant transmission and reflection. This approach allows us to get a deeper insight into the physics of resonant transmission, and it is also useful for the study and design of power-dependent transmission through the waveguide bends with embedded nonlinear defects.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Optics Express
Additional file 2 of Systematic review of the registered clinical trials for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Creators: name: Zhu, Rui-Fang
name: Gao, Yu-Lu
name: Sue-Ho Robert
name: Gao, Jin-Ping
name: Yang, Shi-Gui
name: Chang-Tai Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Summary of registered observational clinical trials.
Superconformal RG interfaces in holography
Creators: name: Arav, Igal
name: Cheung, K. C. Matthew
name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Roberts, Matthew M.
name: Rosen, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct gravitational solutions that holographically describe two different $d=4$ SCFTs joined together at a co-dimension one, planar RG interface and preserving $d=3$ superconformal symmetry. The RG interface joins $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory on one side with the $\mathcal{N}=1$ Leigh-Strassler SCFT on the other. We construct a family of such solutions, which in general are associated with spatially dependent mass deformations on the $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM side, but there is a particular solution for which these deformations vanish. We also construct a Janus solution with the Leigh-Strassler SCFT on either side of the interface. Gravitational solutions associated with superconformal interfaces involving ABJM theory and two $d=3$ $\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFTs with $G_2$ symmetry are also discussed and shown to have similar properties, but they also exhibit some new features.
description: 33 pages, 12 pages; references added, typos fixed. Published version
On a possible photon origin of the most-energetic AGASA events
Creators: name: Homola, P.
name: Risse, M.
name: Engel, R.
name: Gora, D.
name: Heck, D.
name: Pekala, J.
name: Wilczynska, B.
name: Wilczynski, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the ultra high energy cosmic ray events recorded by the AGASA experiment are analysed. With detailed simulations of the extensive air showers initiated by photons, the probabilities are determined of the photonic origin of the 6 AGASA events for which the muon densities were measured and the reconstructed energies exceeded 10^20 eV. On this basis a new, preliminary upper limit on the photon fraction in cosmic rays above 10^20 eV is derived and compared to the predictions of exemplary top-down cosmic-ray origin models.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables; presented at XIII ISVHECRI, Pylos, Greece
Additional file 3 of Systematic review of the registered clinical trials for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Creators: name: Zhu, Rui-Fang
name: Gao, Yu-Lu
name: Sue-Ho Robert
name: Gao, Jin-Ping
name: Yang, Shi-Gui
name: Chang-Tai Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Characteristics of the registered interventional trials.
The role of noise and dissipation in the hadronization of the quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Fraga, Eduardo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of noise and dissipation in the explosive spinodal decomposition scenario of hadron production during the chiral transition after a high-energy heavy ion collision. We use a Langevin description inspired by nonequilibrium field theory to perform real-time lattice simulations of the behavior of the chiral fields. Preliminary results for the interplay between additive and multiplicative noise terms, as well as for non-Markovian corrections, are also presented.
description: 8 pages, invited talk at the Workshop on Quark Gluon Plasma Thermalization, Vienna, August 10-12, 2005
TITUS: Visualization of Neutrino Events in Liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers
Creators: name: Adams, Corey
name: Del Tutto, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amount and complexity of data recorded by high energy physics experiments are rapidly growing, and with these grow the difficulties in visualizing such data. To study the physics of neutrinos, a type of elementary particle, scientists use liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) detectors, among other technologies. LArTPCs have a very high spatial resolution and resolve many of the elementary particles that come out of a neutrino interacting within the argon in the detector. Visualizing these neutrino interactions is of fundamental importance to understanding the properties of neutrinos, but also monitoring and checking on the detector conditions and operations. From these ideas, we have developed TITUS, an event display that shows images recorded by these neutrino detectors. TITUS is a piece of software that reads data coming from LArTPC detectors (as well as the corresponding simulation) and allows users to explore such data in multiple ways. TITUS is flexible to enable fast prototyping and customization.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Strangeness and thresholds of phase changes in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Rafelski, Johann
name: Letessier, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how the dynamics of the evolving hot fireball of quark--gluon matter impacts phase transition between the deconfined and confined state of matter. The rapid expansion of the fireball of deconfined matter created in heavy ion collisions facilitates formation of an over-saturated strange quark phase space. The related excess abundance of strangeness is compensating the suppression of this semi-heavy quark yield by its quark mass. In addition, the dynamical expansion of colored quanta pushes against the vacuum structure, with a resulting supercooling of the transition temperature. We address the status of the search for the phase boundary as function of reaction energy and collision centrality and show evidence for a change in reaction mechanism at sufficiently low energies. The phase diagram derived from the study of hadron production conditions shows two boundaries, one corresponding to the expected transition between confined and deconfined matter, with a downward temperature shift, and the other a high quark density hadronization which appears to involve heavy effective quarks, at relatively large temperatures.
description: 10 Pages, presented at Workshop on Light-Cone QCD and Nonperturbative Hadron Physics 2005 (LC2005), Cairns, July 2005, to appear in proceedings
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Creators: name: Koch, Philippe
name: Händler-Schuster, Daniela
name: Keller, Samuel
name: Krämer, Katharina
name: Pfister, Andreas
name: Lobsiger-Kägi, Evelyn
name: Fringer, André
name: Whitehouse, Marlies
name: Kaschlik, Anke
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Access
Publikation
Kommunikation
Wissenschaft
000: Allgemeines und Wissenschaft

description: Eine Grenze von Forschung ist, wenn Ergebnisse ausserhalb der Hochschule nicht bekannt werden und Adressatinnen und Adressaten, die davon profitieren könnten, nichts darüber erfahren. Wir wollten von ZHAW-Forschenden wissen, weshalb sie sich bewusst für eine offene Publikation (Open Access) entschieden haben und wie ihre Forschungsergebnisse zu einer besseren Gesellschaft beitragen.
Transparencia de los ingresos y pagos en las industrias extractivas
Creators: name: Kuramoto, Juana R.
name: Kuramoto, Juana R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Production Economics
subject: Empresas mineras
subject: Industria petrolera
subject: Gas natural
subject: Ingresos fiscales
subject: Control fiscal
subject: Regulación económica
subject: Aspectos legales
subject: Perú
subject: Mining companies
subject: Petroleum industry
subject: Natural gas
subject: Tax revenues
subject: Tax control
subject: Economic regulation
subject: Legal aspects
subject: Peru

description: El aumento de la inversión en industrias extractivas durante los noventa generó importantes beneficios macroeconómicos para el país. Sin embargo, éstos no han logrado traducirse en un mayor desarrollo y bienestar económico de las regiones y localidades. Esta situación, que se repite en casi todos los países dependientes de recursos naturales, ha desenterrado la idea de que contar con una dotación importante de recursos termina siendo una maldición. Afortunadamente, diferentes estudios señalan que este escaso impacto en el desarrollo se debe más bien al mal uso de los ingresos generados por las industrias extractivas. Frente a esto, varios organismos e instituciones internacionales han lanzado campañas para promover la transparencia de los ingresos obtenidos y de los pagos generados por las industrias extractivas en cada país. Este estudio reporta las iniciativas de transparencia que están en marcha a ámbito internacional, así como los esfuerzos realizados en el Perú para promover una mayor transparencia en el sector de minería e hidrocarburos. Se encuentra que el Perú cuenta con un marco institucional que permite adoptar la mayor parte de las iniciativas de transparencia, y que ha logrado un avance importante en el seguimiento del impuesto a la renta generado por estas industrias y de las transferencias del gobierno central hacia los gobiernos regionales y locales. Sin embargo, es poco lo que se ha logrado respecto de una mayor transparencia de los pagos realizados por las empresas mineras y de hidrocarburos.
Optimal Management of Renewable Resources with Growing Demand and Stock Externalities
Creators: name: Berck, Peter
name: Berck, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: subject: economic aspects
subject: externalities (economics)
subject: interest
subject: natural resources
subject: taxation

description: Published in: Journal of environmental economics and management, v.8:2, June 1981, p.105-117
Additional file 1 of Systematic review of the registered clinical trials for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Creators: name: Zhu, Rui-Fang
name: Gao, Yu-Lu
name: Sue-Ho Robert
name: Gao, Jin-Ping
name: Yang, Shi-Gui
name: Chang-Tai Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Summary of registered interventional clinical trials.
Nuclear modification factor in Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions using Boltzmann transport equation
Creators: name: Qiao, L.
name: Che, G.
name: Gu, J.
name: Zheng, H.
name: Zhang, W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nuclear modification factor ($R_{AA}$) of identified particles as a function of transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, as well as p-Pb collision at 5.02 TeV in the framework of Boltzmann transport equation with relaxation time approximation. In this framework, the initial distribution of particles is chosen as the Tsallis distribution and the local equilibrium distribution as the Boltzmann-Gibbs blast-wave distribution. The non-extensive parameter $q_{pp}$, the Tsallis temperature $T_{pp}$ and the equilibrium temperature $T_{eq}$ are set to be in common for all particles, while the ratio of kinetic freeze-out time to relaxation time $t_{f}/τ$ is different for different particles when we performed a combined fit to the $R_{AA}$ spectra of different particles at a given centrality. We observe that the fitted curves describe the spectra well up to $p_{\rm T}\approx$ 3 GeV/c. $q_{pp}$ and $T_{eq}$ ($t_{f}/τ$) decrease (increases) with centrality nonlinearly, while $T_{pp}$ is almost independent of centrality. The dependence of the rate at which $q_{pp}$, $T_{eq}$ or $t_{f}/τ$ changes with centrality on the energy and the size of the colliding system is discussed.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. Accepted by J. Phys. G
A Parameterized Perspective on Attacking and Defending Elections
Creators: name: Gowda, Kishen N.
name: Misra, Neeldhara
name: Patel, Vraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of protecting and manipulating elections by recounting and changing ballots, respectively. Our setting involves a plurality-based election held across multiple districts, and the problem formulations are based on the model proposed recently by~[Elkind et al, IJCAI 2019]. It turns out that both of the manipulation and protection problems are NP-complete even in fairly simple settings. We study these problems from a parameterized perspective with the goal of establishing a more detailed complexity landscape. The parameters we consider include the number of voters, and the budgets of the attacker and the defender. While we observe fixed-parameter tractability when parameterizing by number of voters, our main contribution is a demonstration of parameterized hardness when working with the budgets of the attacker and the defender.
Deformations of Lie Algebras using $σ$-derivations
Creators: name: Hartwig, Jonas
name: Larsson, Daniel
name: Silvestrov, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B68 (Primary) 17A36, 17B65, 17B66, 17B40 (Secondary)

description: In this article we develop an approach to deformations of the Witt and Virasoro algebras based on $σ$-derivations. We show that $σ$-twisted Jacobi type identity holds for generators of such deformations. For the $σ$-twisted generalization of Lie algebras modeled by this construction, we develop a theory of central extensions. We show that our approach can be used to construct new deformations of Lie algebras and their central extensions, which in particular include naturally the $q$-deformations of the Witt and Virasoro algebras associated to $q$-difference operators, providing also corresponding q-deformed Jacobi identities.
description: 52 pages
Die syrische "Liturgie" des Kyriakos von Antiocheia
Creators: name: Kaiser, Karl
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 5 (1905): Oriens christianus, Band 5
Community-based art making : examining the experience of the artist, participants, and audience in the normalizing extended breastfeeding project
Creators: name: Tien, Laurel Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this research was to investigate the experience of a specific collaborative art making project for the participants, audience and myself, as the artist. The research, consisting of two overlapping phases, was conducted using a series of descriptive case studies. Phase one of the study consisted of the art project itself. Phase two examined the experience of the women involved in the project, the 'audience' of the work, and myself as the artist. Insights into the experience of community-based art making projects suggest important implications. Themes included the notion of mothering as a political act and the realization that art making outside of the cultural norm is expensive, undervalued and requires extensive networking skills. Because this form of art making has not been traditionally valued, there is a paucity of related research describing the impact of this genre of art making on those involved. This thesis is built upon the belief that examining these experiences will both celebrate community-based art making and facilitate dialogue that may encourage and validate this type of work, ultimately to be able to enhance artistic practice in art education and to facilitate art education curricula that incorporate community-based art making practice.
Fully compressible simulations of waves and core convection in main-sequence stars
Creators: name: Horst, L.
name: Edelmann, P. V. F.
name: Andrassy, R.
name: Roepke, F. K.
name: Bowman, D. M.
name: Aerts, C.
name: Ratnasingam, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Recent, nonlinear simulations of wave generation and propagation in full-star models have been carried out in the anelastic approximation using spectral methods. Although it makes long time steps possible, this approach excludes the physics of sound waves completely and rather high artificial viscosity and thermal diffusivity are needed for numerical stability. Direct comparison with observations is thus limited. Aims. We explore the capabilities of our compressible multidimensional hydrodynamics code SLH to simulate stellar oscillations. Methods. We compare some fundamental properties of internal gravity and pressure waves in 2D SLH simulations to linear wave theory using two test cases: (1) an interval gravity wave packet in the Boussinesq limit and (2) a realistic $3\mathrm{M}_\odot$ stellar model with a convective core and a radiative envelope. Oscillation properties of the stellar model are also discussed in the context of observations. Results. Our tests show that specialized low-Mach techniques are necessary when simulating oscillations in stellar interiors. Basic properties of internal gravity and pressure waves in our simulations are in good agreement with linear wave theory. As compared to anelastic simulations of the same stellar model, we can follow internal gravity waves of much lower frequencies. The temporal frequency spectra of velocity and temperature are flat and compatible with observed spectra of massive stars. Conclusion. The low-Mach compressible approach to hydrodynamical simulations of stellar oscillations is promising. Our simulations are less dissipative and require less luminosity boosting than comparable spectral simulations. The fully-compressible approach allows the coupling of gravity and pressure waves to be studied too.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Evidence for the two pole structure of the Lambda(1405) resonance
Creators: name: Magas, V. K.
name: Oset, E.
name: Ramos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The K^- p --> pi^0 pi^0 Sigma^0 reaction is studied within a chiral unitary model. The distribution of pi^0 Sigma^0 states forming the Lambda(1405) shows, in agreement with a recent experiment, a peak at 1420 MeV and a relatively narrow width of Gamma = 38 MeV. The mechanism for the reaction is largely dominated by the emission of a pi^0 prior to the K^- p interaction leading to the Lambda(1405). This ensures the coupling of the Lambda(1405) to the K^- p channel, thus maximizing the contribution of the second state found in chiral unitary theories, which is narrow and of higher energy than the nominal Lambda(1405). This is unlike the pi^- p --> K^0 πSigma reaction, which gives more weight to the pole at lower energy and with a larger width. The data of these two experiments, together with the present theoretical analysis, provides a firm evidence of the two pole structure of the Lambda(1405).
description: 4 pages, 6 figures