cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Primary evaluation of the use and refining of Al scrap recovered from a landfill in Belgium
Creators: name: Lucas, Hugo
name: Lopez, Cristina Garcia
name: Parrodi, Juan Carlos Hérnandez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91499 Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgy not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: This preliminary evaluation of aluminium recovered from a municipal solid waste landfill was carried out as part of the EU Training Network for Resource Recovery through Enhanced Landfill Mining (NEW-MINE). NEW-MINE is laying the foundations for a resource-efficient and environmentally driven industry that couples enhanced landfill mining (ELFM) with production processes. Among others, ELFM combines remediation strategies and innovative technologies for the recovery of potentially secondary raw materials and the production of high added-value products. To this day, there is no reliable data about the quality of metals recovered in ELFM. In general, excavated materials are processed mechanically through different steps, such as classifying, shredding and separation. In the case of metal recovery, mechanical processing schemes use magnet separators to extract ferrous metals and eddy-current separators to recover nonferrous metals, such as aluminium, copper, zinc and lead. Within NEW-MINE, a case study was carried out on metals excavated from a Belgian landfill in the municipality of Mont-Saint-Guibert, where nonferrous metals were extracted using eddy-current separation. The separation of aluminium was made using two different sorting technologies; optical sorting based in infrared spectrum and X-ray sorting. Subsequently, the aluminium was melted in a tilting rotary kiln using a slag of KCl-MgCl-CaF2 as oxide collector and atmosphere barrier. Finally, the quality of aluminium was evaluated in terms of polluted metals and oxides, which were influenced by the sorting technology used. Impurities and oxides in the aluminium scraps showed values of around 50 % and 30 % for the fine and coarse fractions, respectively. The impurities had negatives effects on the detection yield of both techniques. However, the X-ray sensor was less affected by the presence of impurities and allowed a better accuracy to maximize Al separation. The purity after refining reached values between 96 % and 99 %. Several of the pollutants found on the aluminium were closely related to the employed separation techniques and the impurities attached to aluminium scrap itself. These alloying elements can be lowered by a previous firing. Final results demonstrated that old aluminium scrap can be successfully recycled despite been buried for decades.
Eysarcoris ventralis
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Eysarcoris
Eysarcoris ventralis

description: Eysarcoris ventralis (Westwood, 1837)
 Material examined. Numerous specimens: GILAN: Anzali, 30.viii.1998, 2.iii.2000; Dasht-e-Veel, 20.-28.viii.1998, 8.-10.ix.2000; Jafrud, 2.-3.vii.2000, 31.vii.-1.viii.2002; Gyssom, 1.ix.1998; Lashte Nesha, 31.vii.2002; Lowshan, 6.vii.1996, 18.-20.viii.2002; Manjil, 15.-17.ix.2000; Masuleh, 28.vii.1996; Nasir Mahaleh, 14.-15.viii.2002; Parudbar, 29.-30.vii.2003, 25.-26.vi.2004, 29.-30.vii.2005; Rasht, 2.-3.viii.1994, iv.-v.1995, viii.-ix.1998; Rud Sar, 3.v.1995; Rustam Abad – Salan Sar, 8.-10.ix.2000; Seravan, 4.-6.ix.2000; Ziba Kenar, 7.-10.vi.1995, 29.vi.1996, 1.vii.-1.viii.2002. ARDABIL: Firuzabad, 9.viii.2002. SEMNAN: 25-30 km N of Shahrud, 4.vii.2004. ZANJAN: Gilankesh 15 km NW of Gilvan, 26.-27.vi.2004; Gilvan, 1.-2.vii.2005; 8-15 km W of Gilvan, 31.vii.-1.viii.2004; Mamalan, 20.ix.-1.x.2000; Mamalan – Abbar, 20.-21.vii.2002. TEHRAN: Asara, 23.vii.2002; 5 km N of Karadj, 13.-14.vii.2002; Kordan, 14.vii.2002; Shahrestenak, 10.-12.vii.1995. MAZANDARAN: Chalus, 12.-13.vii.2003; Hassan Abad, 15.- 16.vii.2002. GOLESTAN: Alagol, 12.-13.vii.2003; Gonbad, Bakhsh-e-Haft, 14.-15.vii.2003; Gonbad-e-Qavus, 22.- 23.vii.2005; Gorgan, Mian Dareh, 13.-14.vii.2003; Inche Borun, Alagol, 4.-5.vii.2004; Karim Eshan 25 km N of Kalaleh, 21.-22.vii.2005; Talulestan, 15.-16.vii.2003. KHORASAN: Golestan Park 150 km W of Bojnurd, 14.vii.1994; Lotfabad, 15.vi.1994; Tabas, 16.-18.v.1994.
 Comments. In meadows and steppes on Poaceae. Of Mediterranean origin, extending to Central Europe, the Middle East, Central Asia, and far into the Oriental and Ethiopian regions.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2008, Studies on the Acanthosomatidae, Scutelleridae and Pentatomidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran, pp. 1-21 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342454
Einstein Relation for Nonequilibrium Steady States
Creators: name: Hanney, T.
name: Evans, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Einstein relation, relating the steady state fluctuation properties to the linear response to a perturbation, is considered for steady states of stochastic models with a finite state space. We show how an Einstein relation always holds if the steady state satisfies detailed balance. More generally, we consider nonequilibrium steady states where detailed balance does not hold and show how a generalisation of the Einstein relation may be derived in certain cases. In particular, for the asymmetric simple exclusion process and a driven diffusive dimer model, the external perturbation creates and annihilates particles thus breaking the particle conservation of the unperturbed model.
description: 14 pages; minor clarifications, reference added
Characterization of pyrolysis products of high-ash excavated-waste and its char gasification reactivity and kinetics under a steam atmosphere
Creators: name: Ilman Nuran Zaini
name: Lopez, Cristina Garcia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 50207 Environmental Rehabilitation (excl. Bioremediation)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The work reports the pyrolysis and gasification studies of the RDF and fine fractions recovered from the excavation of landfill waste, which emphasized the characterization of reactivity and kinetics of the char-steam gasification. The pyrolysis test demonstrated the more production of CO and CO2 during the pyrolysis of the finer fraction of landfill waste which might be caused by the accumulation of degraded organic materials. The oil products from pyrolysis of landfill waste were dominated by the derivative products of plastics such as styrene, toluene, and ethylbenzene. The chars obtained from the pyrolysis process were then gasified under steam and steam/air at temperatures between 800 and 900 ᵒC by using a thermogravimetry analysis instrument. The results from the gasification test demonstrated that the char reactivity was mainly affected by the inorganic elements content ratio (inorganic index) of the char, which was defined as the ratio between catalytic elements (K, Ca, Na, Mg, and Fe) over the inhibitor elements (Si, Al, and Cl). Furthermore, the proposed inorganic index in this study could also well relate the role of ash amount in the char. Based on the thermogravimetric data, kinetic parameters of landfill waste char gasification were then calculated which gave a result of activation energies ranging from 104 – 128 and 54 – 110 kJ/mol in the case of gasification at steam and steam/air atmosphere, respectively.
Mallinella proboscidea Dankittipakul & Jocqué & Singtripop 2012, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Dankittipakul, Pakawin
name: Jocqué, Rudy
name: Singtripop, Tippawan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Zodariidae
Mallinella
Mallinella proboscidea

description: Mallinella proboscidea sp. nov.
(Figs 481–483)
 Material examined. Holotype: ♀,  INDONESIA, Irian Jaya, Sorong Province:  Makbon, Malawor, 50–280 m, 28 January 2001, leg. A. Riedel (MHNG).
 Diagnosis. This new species differs from other females of the zebra -group in having the longest distal part of the spermathecae (Figs 481–483); the secretory gland pores are also the largest and are dorsomedially located.
 Etymology. The specific epithet is a Latin adjective derived from the Latin “ proboscis ” (= elephant trunk a trunk or snout) and the suffix – idea, which refers to the elongated anterior part of the spermathecae.
 Description. Female  (holotype). Total length 6.76; prosoma 3.38 long, 2.35 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.26, ALE 0.18, PME 0.18, PLE 0.18, AME–AME 0.10, AME–ALE 0.16, PME–PME 0.12, PME–PLE 0.38; MOQ: 0.64 long, 0.54 anterior width, 0.50 posterior width. Leg measurements: I 9.30 (2.54, 3.38, 1.94, 1.44), II 7.94 (2.12, 2.88, 1.68, 1.26), III 6.72 (1.94, 1.90, 1.70, 1.20), IV 10.30 (2.70, 3.24, 2.88, 1.52).
 Coloration. Carapace brown. Sternum orange-brown. Chelicerae brown. Legs yellowish; coxae whitish; femora distally greenish brown. Dorsum of opisthosoma dark brown, with a series of pale spots situated posteriorly.
 Genitalia (Figs 481–483). Epigynal plate bi-lobed. Spermathecae proximally with lateral constriction on outer margin, tapered to form tubular distal part, with 3 internal coils; gland pores large, circular, situated dorsomedially.
 Male. Unknown.
 Distribution. Known only from the type locality on New Guinea.
description: Published as part of Dankittipakul, Pakawin, Jocqué, Rudy & Singtripop, Tippawan, 2012, Systematics and biogeography of the spider genus Mallinella Strand, 1906, with descriptions of new species and new genera from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Zodariidae) 3369, pp. 1-327 in Zootaxa 3369 (1) on page 114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3369.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5252563
The complex iron line in NGC 7469 observed by BeppoSAX
Creators: name: De Rosa, A.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Piro, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we present analysis of BeppoSAX data from a long look at the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 7469. The presence of a soft excess below 0.8 keV is confirmed by our analysis and no warm absorber component is required to fit the spectrum. A complex iron emission line and the Compton reflection hump are clearly detected. The profile of the line is too broad to associate this feature with distant matter. In addition, the observed soft excess and the energy of the iron line E_{Fe}=6.8 keV strongly support a scenario in which the hard X-rays are reprocessed by a photoionized accretion disc. This hypothesis was tested fitting the BeppoSAX spectrum with the ionized disc reflection model of Ross & Fabian. A second narrow line component, in addition to that produced in the disc, is also required to fit the observed iron line profile. A high energy cut-off around 150 keV is clearly detected in the spectrum.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, accepted for pubblication in MNRAS Letters
Provably Optimal Parallel Transport Sweeps on Semi-Structured Grids
Creators: name: Adams, Michael P.
name: Adams, Marvin L.
name: Hawkins, W. Daryl
name: Smith, Timmie
name: Rauchwerger, Lawrence
name: Amato, Nancy M.
name: Bailey, Teresa S.
name: Falgout, Robert D.
name: Kunen, Adam
name: Brown, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found provably optimal algorithms for full-domain discrete-ordinate transport sweeps on a class of grids in 2D and 3D Cartesian geometry that are regular at a coarse level but arbitrary within the coarse blocks. We describe these algorithms and show that they always execute the full eight-octant (or four-quadrant if 2D) sweep in the minimum possible number of stages for a given Px x Py x Pz partitioning. Computational results confirm that our optimal scheduling algorithms execute sweeps in the minimum possible stage count. Observed parallel efficiencies agree well with our performance model. Our PDT transport code has achieved approximately 68% parallel efficiency with > 1.5M parallel threads, relative to 8 threads, on a simple weak-scaling problem with only three energy groups, 10 direction per octant, and 4096 cells/core. We demonstrate similar efficiencies on a much more realistic set of nuclear-reactor test problems, with unstructured meshes that resolve fine geometric details. These results demonstrate that discrete-ordinates transport sweeps can be executed with high efficiency using more than 106 parallel processes.
description: intended for journal submission soon
Proof of Bose-Einstein Condensation for Dilute Trapped Gases
Creators: name: Lieb, Elliott H.
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of bosonic atoms in a trap has been shown experimentally to display Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). We prove this fact theoretically for bosons with two-body repulsive interaction potentials in the dilute limit, starting from the basic Schroedinger equation; the condensation is 100% into the state that minimizes the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. This is the first rigorous proof of BEC in a physically realistic, continuum model.
description: Revised version with some simplifications and clarifications. To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Rashba cavity QED: a route towards the superradiant quantum phase transition
Creators: name: Nataf, Pierre
name: Champel, Thierry
name: Blatter, Gianni
name: Basko, Denis M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory of cavity quantum electrodynamics for a 2D electron gas in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and perpendicular static magnetic field, coupled to spatially nonuniform multimode quantum cavity photon fields. We demonstrate that the lowest polaritonic frequency of the full Hamiltonian can vanish for realistic parameters, achieving the Dicke superradiant quantum phase transition. This singular behaviour originates from soft spin-flip transitions possessing a non-vanishing dipole moment at non-zero wave vectors and can be viewed as a magnetostatic instability.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Stagonomus (Stagonomus) amoenus
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Stagonomus
Stagonomus amoenus

description: Stagonomus (Stagonomus) amoenus (Brullé, 1832)
 Material examined. GILAN: Rustam Abad – Salan Sar, 3 specimens, 6.-8.v.2001.
 Comments. In a hilly steppe. Recorded on Salvia. Euro-Mediterranean, extending to Central Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and India.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2008, Studies on the Acanthosomatidae, Scutelleridae and Pentatomidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran, pp. 1-21 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342454
A Critical Evaluation of Recent Claims Concerning Solar Rotation
Creators: name: Scherrer, P. H.
name: Gough, D. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fossat et al. (2017) recently reported detecting rotational splitting of g modes indirectly via the interaction with p modes observed directly by the GOLF instrument on SOHO. They concluded that the core of the Sun is rotating 3:8 ? 0:1 times faster than the surrounding radiative envelope. This is startling, partly because such rapid rotation almost contradicts direct inferences from the p-mode rotational splitting inferred from the same data. Moreover, the inferred amplitudes of the g modes appear to exceed the upper bound reported by Appourchaux et al. (2010). It is also suspect because the theory of the procedure implies that the principal modes claimed to have been measured should be undetectable. We point out that there are other interpretations: one leads to a core rotation about twice faster than the surrounding envelope; another, to a core rotating more slowly than the envelope. Here we also report on an independent assessment of the Fossat et al. analysis by applying their procedure to different representations of the GOLF data, expanding on Schunker et al. (2018). We also analyze seismic data obtained from LOI and MDI (both also on SOHO), from HMI (on SDO) and from the ground-based BiSON and GONG, and found the evidence reported by Fossat et al. not to be robust. We also illustrate that merely fitting model spectra to observations, which Fossat et al. do to support their g-mode detections and as Fossat & Schmider (2018) do for extracting additional g-mode splittings, is not necessarily reliable. We are therefore led to doubt the claim.
description: To be published in Astrophysical Journal, 20 pages, 11 figures of which 4 have two graphs
Modified Newtonian Dynamics of Large Scale Structure
Creators: name: Nusser, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the implications of Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) on the large scale structure in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe. We employ a ``Jeans swindle'' to write a MOND-type relationship between the fluctuations in the density and the gravitational force, $\vg$. In linear Newtonian theory, $|\vg|$ decreases with time and eventually becomes $
description: Version accepted for publication in the MNRAS. Results of more simulations are included
Changing social investment strategies in the European Union
Creators: name: , Baiocco
name: Alcidi
name: , Corti
name: , Mattia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: social investment
cluster analysis
eusocialcit
European social rights

description: Social investment has gained increasing attention in academic and policy arenas over the last decades. Its relevance for responding to social needs arising from key societal transformations has been maintained, despite ongoing debate about its social outcomes. This paper attempts to identify EU social investment strategies and explain their evolution over the period 2004-18, namely before, during and after the global financial crisis. By using cluster analysis on expenditure variables, the paper distinguishes different social investment strategies across groups of countries. It finds that strategies have diversified over time in a progressively complex way. After the crisis, three main social investment strategies emerged in Europe. They do not overlap with canonical welfare state models, nor have a clear-cut geographical connotation. The strategies are distinct because of their different levels of overall expenditure on social investment yet also their different life-course orientations and degrees of coverage. Such characterisation of social investment strategies provides a reference for further research on the differences in social investment outcomes, which will be particularly relevant in the aftermath of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Universal infrared scaling of gravitational wave background spectra
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Pi, Shi
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the general infrared behavior of the power spectrum of a stochastic gravitational wave background produced by stress tensor in the form bilinear in certain dynamical degrees of freedom. We find $Ω_{\text{GW}}\propto k^3$ for a very wide class of the sources which satisfy a set of reasonable conditions. Namely, the $k^3$ scaling is universally valid when the source term is bounded in both frequency and time, is effective in a radiation-dominated stage, and for $k$ smaller than all the physical scales associated with the source, like the peak frequency, peak width, and time duration, etc. We also discuss possible violations of these conditions and their physical implications.
description: 10 pages
Non-Hermitian physics
Creators: name: Yuto Ashida
name: Zongping Gong
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A review is given on the foundations and applications of non-Hermitian classical and quantum physics. First, key theorems and central concepts in non-Hermitian linear algebra, including Jordan normal form, biorthogonality, exceptional points, pseudo-Hermiticity, and parity-time symmetry, are delineated in a pedagogical and mathematically coherent manner. Building on these, we provide an overview of how diverse classical systems, ranging from photonics, mechanics, electrical circuits, and acoustics to active matter, can be used to simulate non-Hermitian wave physics. In particular, we discuss rich and unique phenomena found therein, such as unidirectional invisibility, enhanced sensitivity, topological energy transfer, coherent perfect absorption, single-mode lasing, and robust biological transport. We then explain in detail how non-Hermitian operators emerge as an effective description of open quantum systems on the basis of the Feshbach projection approach and the quantum trajectory approach. We discuss their applications to physical systems relevant to a variety of fields, including atomic, molecular and optical physics, mesoscopic physics, and nuclear physics with emphasis on prominent phenomena and subjects in quantum regimes, such as quantum resonances, superradiance, the continuous quantum Zeno effect, quantum critical phenomena, Dirac spectra in quantum chromodynamics, and nonunitary conformal field theories. Finally, we introduce the notion of band topology in complex spectra of non-Hermitian systems and present their classifications by providing the proof, first given by this review in a complete manner, as well as a number of instructive examples. Other topics related to non-Hermitian physics, including nonreciprocal transport, speed limits, nonunitary quantum walk, are also reviewed.
Acoustic Oscillations in the Early Universe and Today
Creators: name: Miller, Christopher J.
name: Nichol, Robert C.
name: Batuski, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During its first ~100,000 years, the universe was a fully ionized plasma with a tight coupling by Thompson scattering between the photons and matter. The trade--off between gravitational collapse and photon pressure causes acoustic oscillations in this primordial fluid. These oscillations will leave predictable imprints in the spectra of the cosmic microwave background and the present day matter-density distribution. Recently, the BOOMERANG and MAXIMA teams announced the detection of these acoustic oscillations in the cosmic microwave background (observed at redshift ~1000). Here, we compare these CMB detections with the corresponding acoustic oscillations in the matter-density power spectrum (observed at redshift ~0.1). These consistent results, from two different cosmological epochs, provide further support for our standard Hot Big Bang model of the universe.
description: To appear in the journal Science. 6 pages, 1 color figure
Uptake, translocation, and metabolism of sulfamethazine by Arabidopsis thaliana: distinguishing between phytometabolites and abiotic transformation products in the media
Creators: name: Khang Huynh
name: Reinhold, Dawn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Plant accumulation of antibiotic residues presents potential risks to human and ecosystem health. However, the phytometabolic pathways of antibiotics following plant uptake are still largely uncharacterized. This study investigated the phytometabolism of sulfamethazine (SMT) by Arabidopsis thaliana, using 14C-labeled and unlabeled SMT. SMT was accumulated in both roots and shoots of axenic A. thaliana plants (123.7 ± 12.3 and 22.7 ± 1.0 µg/kg fw, respectively) after 21 days of exposure. However, the parent 14C-SMT accounted for only 1.7 ± 0.01% of the total 14C-radioactivity in plant tissues. The majority of 14C-radioactivity taken up by plants was present as bound residues (42.0–68.2% of initially applied 14C-SMT), while extractable 14C-residues accounted for only 7.7–12.6%. A. thaliana metabolized SMT primarily through glycosylation at the N4-nitrogen atom. Additionally, other products, including pterin-SMT, methylsalicylate-SMT, N4-formyl-SMT, desulfo-SMT, hydroxyl-SMT, N4-acetyl-SMT, desamino-SMT, and 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine, were also identified. Notably, a portion of the extractable metabolites was excreted into the culture media, requiring characterization of these metabolites as either excreted phytometabolites or abiotic transformation products of SMT based on comparisons between experimental and control reactors.
Collective, glitch-like vortex motion in a neutron star with an annular pinning barrier
Creators: name: Lönnborn, J. R.
name: Melatos, A.
name: Haskell, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron star glitches are commonly believed to occur, when angular momentum is transferred suddenly from the star's interior to the crust by the collective unpinning and repinning of large numbers of superfluid vortices. In general, the pinning potential associated with nuclei in the crustal lattice varies as a function of radius. We explore vortex dynamics under these conditions by solving the three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation in a rotating, harmonic trap with an axisymmetric `moat' of deeper pinning sites on an otherwise uniform, corotating pinning grid. The moat is designed to resemble crudely a radially dependent pinning profile in a neutron star crust, although the values of the pinning potential are not astrophysically realistic due to computational constraints. It is shown that vortices accumulate in the moat, inducing large differential rotation which can trigger mass unpinning events. It is also shown that the system self-adjusts, such that the net vortex flux out of the system is the same with and without a moat, as the trap spins down, but glitches are less frequent and larger when the moat is present. The results, generated for an idealized system, represent a first step towards including stratified pinning in quantum mechanical models of neutron star glitches.
Chemo-dynamics of outer halo dwarf stars, including \textit{Gaia}-Sausage and \textit{Gaia}-Sequoia candidates
Creators: name: Monty, Stephanie
name: Venn, Kim A.
name: Lane, James M. M.
name: Lokhorst, Deborah
name: Yong, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-metallicity, kinematically interesting dwarf stars studied by Stephens \& Boesgaard (2002, SB02) are re-examined using Gaia DR2 astrometry, and updated model atmospheres and atomic line data. New stellar parameters are determined based on the Gaia DR2 parallactic distances and Dartmouth Stellar Evolution Database isochrones. These are in excellent agreement with spectroscopically determined stellar parameters for stars with [Fe/H]$>-2$; however, large disagreements are found for stars with [Fe/H]$\le-2$, with offsets as large as $Δ$T$_{\rm eff}\sim+500$ K and $Δ$log\,$g\sim+1.0$. A subset of six stars (test cases) are analysed ab initio using high resolution spectra with Keck HIRES and Gemini GRACES. This sub-sample is found to include two $α$-challenged dwarf stars, suggestive of origins in a low mass, accreted dwarf galaxy. The orbital parameters for the entire SB02 sample are re-determined using \textit{Gaia} DR2 data. We find 11 stars that are dynamically coincident with the \textit{Gaia}-Sausage accretion event and another 17 with the \textit{Gaia}-Sequoia event in action space. Both associations include low-mass, metal-poor stars with isochrone ages older than 10 Gyr. Two dynamical subsets are identified within \textit{Gaia}-Sequoia. When these subsets are examined separately, a common knee in [$α$/Fe] is found for the \textit{Gaia}-Sausage and low orbital energy \textit{Gaia}-Sequoia stars. A lower metallicity knee is tentatively identified in the \textit{Gaia}-Sequoia high orbital energy stars. If the metal-poor dwarf stars in these samples are true members of the \textit{Gaia}-Sausage and \textit{Gaia}-Sequoia events, then they present a unique opportunity to probe the earlier, more pristine, star formation histories of these systems.
description: 20-21 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Slight mismatch between published version and arXiv version, rectified now
Synchita mediolanensis A. VILLA & G. B. VILLA 1833
Creators: name: Frisch, Johannes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Zopheridae
Synchita
Synchita mediolanensis

description: Synchita mediolanensis A. VILLA & G. B. VILLA, 1833
(Zopheridae, Abb. 9) ist eine westpaläarktische Art, die durch das südliche Europa, den arborealen Teil des Mediterraneums und Kleinasien bis in den Kaukasus und Iran verbreitet ist (vgl. ŚLIPIŃSKY & SCHUH 2008: 84). In Deutschland liegen, abgesehen von Funden bei Berlin, nur vereinzelte Nachweise südlich einer Linie von der Eifel bis Sachsen vor (vgl. BLEICH et al. 2023). Galt S. mediolanensis in Deutschland bislang als grosse Seltenheit, die nur aus dem Osten bekannt war (vgl. HORION 1961: 86, VOGT 1967: 207), so tritt die xylobionte Art in jüngster Zeit offenbar als Profiteur der Klimaerwärmung häufiger auf. So verweist REIBNITZ (2022: 88) auf Funde von S. mediolanensis in Baden-Württemberg an von Cryptostroma corticale befallenem Ahorn. Dieser Pilz, der die Ahorn-Russrindenkrankheit verursacht, trat in Mitteleuropa erstmals seit dem Hitzesommer 2003 in Erscheinung (REIBNITZ 2022: 88). Nach MÜLLER (2009: 225) lebt S. mediolanensis in alten Laubholzbeständen mit feuchtem Mikroklima (Auwälder) unter verpilzten Borken. Als Baumarten nennt er Eichen, Pappeln, Ulmen und Vogelkirsche. Ein Exemplar von S. mediolanensis wurde mit an absterbenden Obstbäumen angebrachten Eklektorfallen ausserhalb des Naturschutzgebiets in der Nähe des vorwiegend aus Erle und schmalblättrigen Weiden bestehenden Gehölzsaums des genannten Quellzuflusses des Haimbachs bei 50°32‘37‘‘N, 9°37‘17‘‘E (Abb. 1) erfasst. Ob dieses Gehölz oder die Obstbäume das Reproduktionshabitat darstellen, ist unbekannt.
Nach ESSER (2021: 142) gilt S. mediolanensis bundesweit als sehr selten und vom Aussterben bedroht (Rote Liste Kategorie 1).
description: Published as part of Frisch, Johannes, 2023, Die Käferfauna des NSG Haimberg bei Mittelrode und angrenzender Flächen (Insecta: Coleoptera) Addenda et Corrigenda 3 Fünf Erstmeldungen für die Hessenfauna und Wiederentdeckung der in Hessen verschollenen Lebia cyanocephala (LINNAEUS, 1758), pp. 37-44 in Beiträge zur Naturkunde in Osthessen 60 on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15237981
Analytical description of the size effect on pyroelectric and electrocaloric properties of ferroelectric nanoparticles
Creators: name: Morozovska, Anna N.
name: Eliseev, Eugene A.
name: Glinchuk, Maya D.
name: Shevliakova, Hanna V.
name: Svechnikov, George S.
name: Silibin, Maxim V.
name: Sysa, Artem V.
name: Yaremkevich, Andrii D.
name: Morozovsky, Nicholas V.
name: Shvartsman, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire theory and effective medium approximation, we analytically calculate typical dependences of the pyroelectric and electrocaloric coefficients on external electric field, temperature and radius for spherical single-domain ferroelectric nanoparticles. The considered physical model corresponds to the nanocomposite with small fraction of ferroelectric nanoparticles. Within the framework of the analytical model we establish how the size changes determine the temperature and field behavior pyroelectric and electrocaloric coefficients on example of BaTiO3 nanoparticles covered by a semiconducting shell and placed in a dielectric polymer. We show that by changing the particle size one can induce maxima of the pyroelectric coefficient and electrocaloric temperature variation, control their width, height and sign. Obtained analytical expressions allow selecting the interval of particle sizes, voltage, and/or temperature for which pyroelectric energy conversion and electrocaloric coefficient are optimal for applications. The observed size effect opens the possibility to control pyroelectric and electrocaloric properties of ferroelectric nanocomposites that can be important for their advanced applications in energy convertors and cooling systems.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, 4 appendixes
Characterization of fine fractions from landfill mining - A case study of a landfill site in Belgium
Creators: name: Parrodi, Juan Carlos Hérnandez
name: Lopez, Cristina Garcia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 90701 Environmental Engineering Design
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 50207 Environmental Rehabilitation (excl. Bioremediation)
subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: ABSTRACT: Within the framework of the “EU Training Network for Resource Recovery through Enhanced Landfill Mining – NEW-MINE”, about 370 Mg of waste were excavated from a landfill site in Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium. The fine fractions (material <90 mm) from the excavated waste were obtained through the implementation of a ballistic separation process. An amount of fine fractions of about 80 wt.% (raw state) was obtained with respect to the total amount of excavated material. The material composition, physico-chemical properties and particle size distribution of the fine fractions were determined and analyzed. Parameters such as bulk density and water content were determined regarding the physico-chemical properties. Grouped material fractions, such as combustibles, inert, metals, agglomerated fines <10 mm, fine fractions <10 mm and others, were employed for the classification of the material composition in raw and dry states. This information is of critical importance for designing an efficient mechanical processing for the fine fractions.
Decision support tools for crop plant germplasm maintenance in PNG
Creators: name: Godden, David P.
name: Wicks, Santhi
name: Kennedy, John
name: Kambuou, Rosa
name: Godden, David P.
name: Wicks, Santhi
name: Kennedy, John
name: Kambuou, Rosa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: plant germplasm conservation

description: Papua New Guinea has major ex situ field collections of plant genetic material in its staple food crops (aibika, banana, cassava, sweet potato, taro, yams). With limited germplasm conservation resources available, difficult choices must be made as to which plants to maintain. The objective of this study is to provide a better basis for evaluating the efficient allocation of resources to plant germplasm conservation of food staples in PNG. Tools that could be employed to determine an efficient allocation include cost budgeting (through spreadsheets), and linear or dynamic programming. Cost budgets were developed to estimate the total cost of maintaining current sweet potato, taro, banana and aibika germplasm collections. Budgets are integrated through the key variables to produce a master spreadsheet. Key variables including (i) the number of accessions, (ii) the number of plants per accession, (iii) the planting density or (iv) the length of the reproduction cycle may be adjusted to investigate the effects on total costs of alternative strategies for maintaining collections. It is also planned to use linear and dynamic programming to identify the optimal allocation of resources subject to given constraints.
Apodiphus amygdali
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Apodiphus
Apodiphus amygdali

description: Apodiphus amygdali (Germar, 1817)
 Material examined. Several specimens: GILAN: Manjil, Safid Rud (GHAURI 1977: 102); Masal forest, 28.vi.1996. KHORASAN: Darreh Gaz, 15.vi.1994.
 Comments. On deciduous trees such as Amygdalus, Prunus, Pistacia, Platanus, Populus, and Tamarix. Pontomediterranean, extending to the Middle East and Central Asia.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2008, Studies on the Acanthosomatidae, Scutelleridae and Pentatomidae (Heteroptera) of Gilan and the adjacent provinces in northern Iran, pp. 1-21 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5342454
Simulation study of Non-ergodicity Transitions: Gelation in Colloidal Systems with Short Range Attractions
Creators: name: Puertas, Antonio M.
name: Fuchs, Matthias
name: Cates, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computer simulations were used to study the gel transition occurring in colloidal systems with short range attractions. A colloid-polymer mixture was modelled and the results were compared with mode coupling theory expectations and with the results for other systems (hard spheres and Lennard Jones). The self-intermediate scattering function and the mean squared displacement were used as the main dynamical quantities. Two different colloid packing fractions have been studied. For the lower packing fraction, $α$-scaling holds and the wave-vector analysis of the correlation function shows that gelation is a regular non-ergodicity transition within MCT. The leading mechanism for this novel non-ergodicity transition is identified as bond formation caused by the short range attraction. The time scale and diffusion coefficient also show qualitatively the expected behaviour, although different exponents are found for the power-law divergences of these two quantities. The non-Gaussian parameter was also studied and very large correction to Gaussian behaviour found. The system with higher colloid packing fraction shows indications of a nearby high-order singularity, causing $α$-scaling to fail, but the general expectations for non-ergodicity transitions still hold.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures
Certifying the purity of quantum states with temporal correlations
Creators: name: Spee, Cornelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlations obtained from sequences of measurements have been employed to distinguish among different physical theories or to witness the dimension of a system. In this work we show that they can also be used to establish semi-device independent lower bounds on the purity of the initial quantum state or even on one of the post-measurement states. For single systems this provides information on the quality of the preparation procedures of pure states or the implementation of measurements with anticipated pure post-measurement states. For joint systems one can combine our bound with results from entanglement theory to infer an upper bound on the concurrence based on the temporal correlations observed on a subsystem.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Generation of 4-iodoisocoumarins through a TBAI-mediated oxidative cyclization of 2-alkynoates
Creators: name: Luo, Jin
name: He, M.
name: Chen, P.
name: Li, J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: A tetra-butylammonium iodide (TBAI)-mediated oxidative iodocyclization of 2-alkynoates for the synthesis of various 4-iodoisocoumarin is described herein, and the reaction is highly efficient and shows broad functional group tolerance. This newly developed reaction uses a mixture of water and DCE as co-solvent, and avoids the use of iodine as iodine source for the electrophilic halocyclization.
Governance of International Trade in Genetically Modified Organisms: Is Future Global Food Security at Risk?
Creators: name: Kerr, William A.
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural biotechnology
subject: CETA
subject: GMOs
subject: preferential trade agreements
subject: TPP
subject: T-TIP

description: It is now twenty years since the first commercial production of GM crops. Domestic regulatory regimes for agricultural biotechnology and GM foods differ considerably across the globe. As a result, international trade and other forms of exchange are considerably inhibited, leading to reduced returns for those investing in the technology and, hence, less investment in R&D for agricultural biotechnology. The latter means that biotechnology cannot fully contribute to meeting the food security challenges of the next four decades. Part of the problem is that no international regulatory regime for trade in the products of biotechnology that enjoys widespread support has been forthcoming. The Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement of the WTO was concluded prior to the commercialization of agricultural biotechnology and was not re-opened for negotiation in the Doha Round – which, of course, has not been concluded. In the absence of WTO engagement on the issue an alternative international institutional arrangement has been developed but does not have the support of the countries that represent the major developers and adopters of agricultural biotechnology – the Biosafety Protocol. In the absence of discernable progress in the Doha Round, countries have turned to preferential trade agreements to garner the benefits of trade liberalization. The question this article examines is whether preferential trade agreements can break the logjam on trade in the products of agricultural biotechnology. Three preferential trade agreements are examined: the recent EU-Canada agreement; the TransAtlantic Trade and Investment Partnership and the Trans Pacific Partnership. The conclusion reached is that these agreements, in and of themselves, cannot provide the solution, but they may be able to set the stage for progress in developing harmonized standards. For there to be success stemming from this process, however, there needs to be institutional innovation. If there is success, it will not be quick in coming.
Adversarial Variational Embedding for Robust Semi-supervised Learning
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiang
name: Yao, Lina
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semi-supervised learning is sought for leveraging the unlabelled data when labelled data is difficult or expensive to acquire. Deep generative models (e.g., Variational Autoencoder (VAE)) and semisupervised Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have recently shown promising performance in semi-supervised classification for the excellent discriminative representing ability. However, the latent code learned by the traditional VAE is not exclusive (repeatable) for a specific input sample, which prevents it from excellent classification performance. In particular, the learned latent representation depends on a non-exclusive component which is stochastically sampled from the prior distribution. Moreover, the semi-supervised GAN models generate data from pre-defined distribution (e.g., Gaussian noises) which is independent of the input data distribution and may obstruct the convergence and is difficult to control the distribution of the generated data. To address the aforementioned issues, we propose a novel Adversarial Variational Embedding (AVAE) framework for robust and effective semi-supervised learning to leverage both the advantage of GAN as a high quality generative model and VAE as a posterior distribution learner. The proposed approach first produces an exclusive latent code by the model which we call VAE++, and meanwhile, provides a meaningful prior distribution for the generator of GAN. The proposed approach is evaluated over four different real-world applications and we show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art models, which confirms that the combination of VAE++ and GAN can provide significant improvements in semisupervised classification.
description: 9 pages, Accepted by Research Track in KDD 2019