cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Frustrated quantum critical theory of putative spin-liquid phenomenology in 6H-B-Ba3NiSb2O9
Creators: name: Chen, Gang
name: Hermele, Michael
name: Radzihovsky, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently discovered material, 6H-B-Ba3NiSb2O9 was found to display unusual low-temperature phenomenology, interpreted as a quantum spin liquid with spin S = 1 on a triangular lattice. We study a spin S = 1 quantum exchange model on an AB stacked triangular lattice near its quantum paramagnet-to-spiral magnet transition, driven by easy-plane single-ion anisotropy. We demonstrate that the frustrated inter- and intra-layer exchange interactions induce contour lines of low energy excitations that lead to a broad crossover regime of linear-temperature dependence of the specific heat. Based on this and a variety of other predictions, we argue that the observed phenomenology can be understood in terms of a conventional picture of a proximity to this frustrated critical point.
description: Various clarifying changes from original version. 5 pages, 5 figures
title: An Exploration of the Issue of Value in a Landscape Architectural Practice
Creators: name: Koudys, Ron
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Landscape Architecture
subject: Value
subject: Post-occupancy evaluation
subject: Reflection
subject: Practice
subject: Design Science Research
subject: Landscape Architecture

description: This doctoral thesis employs a Design Science Research (DSR) approach to investigate and demonstrate the values within landscape architecture in the context of my own professional practice. This study integrates empirical research, self-reflective case studies, and theoretical frameworks to create actionable knowledge for the field. The study endeavours to answer two questions. What value has my practice provided in the areas of Economics, Environment, Society and Aesthetics. Secondly, what personal values have defined the provision of these benefits and how have they changed over the course of my career.
An initial investigation of the potential for hermetic Purdue improved crop storage (PICS) bags to improve incomes for maize producers in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Jones, Michael
name: Alexander, Corinne
name: Lowenberg-DeBoer, James
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: An initial investigation of the potential for hermetic Purdue improved crop storage (PICS) bags to improve incomes for maize producers in Sub-Saharan Africa
MODERN APPROACHES IN MODERN EDUCATION.
Creators: name: Yusupova, Nargiza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article describes how to use and apply modern and mixed educational technologies in the process of mixed education. The main focus is on 2 technologies and approaches. Among them, "online homework", "Travel training" and "50+25+25" approach. These modern and new technologies and approaches have proven very effective in our research.
Crypturellus cinereus Cinereous Tinamou R
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Tinamiformes
Tinamidae
Crypturellus
Crypturellus cinereus

description: Crypturellus cinereus (Gmelin, 1789) Figure 4B Identification. This species is 28 cm long, brown with shades of gray on the neck and breast, and with a pale belly. The head and upper back are reddish-brown. The wings and lower back are barred with brown. Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 25.VIII.2018; camera trap photographs; plots T13, T30, R07, R17; WA4047666. Identification. This species is small (29 cm in length), with grayish-black plumage (Sick 1997); the cap is cinnamon-rufous, and the sides of the neck are streaked faintly with white (Erize et al. 2006).
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on pages 295-296, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
description: {"references": ["Sick H (1997) Ornitologia brasileira. Nova Front, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 912 pp.", "Erize F, Mata JRR, Rumboll M (2006) Birds of South America: nonpasserines: rheas to woodpeckers. Princeton University Press, Princeton, USA, 384 pp."]}
Pauxi tuberosa
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Galliformes
Cracidae
Pauxi
Pauxi tuberosa

description: Pauxi tuberosa (Spix, 1825) Figure 4E Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 26.VIII.2018; camera trap photographs; plots T25, R05; WA4047642. Identification. The mean length of this species is 89 cm. The plumage of the body is black, and that of the tail has a whitish border. The beak is red, with a high culmen. Family Ardeidae
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on page 296, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
Boundary Conditions and Unitarity: the Maxwell-Chern-Simons System in AdS_3/CFT_2
Creators: name: Andrade, Tomás
name: Jottar, Juan I.
name: Leigh, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the holography of the Abelian Maxwell-Chern-Simons (MCS) system in Lorentzian three-dimensional asymptotically-AdS spacetimes, and discuss a broad class of boundary conditions consistent with conservation of the symplectic structure. As is well-known, the MCS theory contains a massive sector dual to a vector operator in the boundary theory, and a topological sector consisting of flat connections dual to U(1) chiral currents; the boundary conditions we examine include double-trace deformations in these two sectors, as well as a class of boundary conditions that mix the vector operators with the chiral currents. We carefully study the symplectic product of bulk modes and show that almost all such boundary conditions induce instabilities and/or ghost excitations, consistent with violations of unitarity bounds in the dual theory.
description: 50+1 pages, 6 figures, PDFLaTeX; v2: added references, corrected typos
Calculation of Relativistic Single-Particle States
Creators: name: Wingard, D.
name: Kónya, B.
name: Papp, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A computational method is proposed to calculate bound and resonant states by solving the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations for real and complex energies, respectively. The method is an extension of a non-relativistic one, where the potential is represented in a Coulomb-Sturmian basis. This basis facilitates the exact analytic evaluation of the Coulomb Green's operator in terms of a continued fraction. In the extension to relativistic problems, we cast the Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations into an effective Schrödinger form. Then the solution method is basically an analytic continuation of non-relativistic quantities like the angular momentum, charge, energy and potential into the effective relativistic counterparts.
description: 10 pages
Multi-task Regression using Minimal Penalties
Creators: name: Solnon, Matthieu
name: Arlot, Sylvain
name: Bach, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the kernel multiple ridge regression framework, which we refer to as multi-task regression, using penalization techniques. The theoretical analysis of this problem shows that the key element appearing for an optimal calibration is the covariance matrix of the noise between the different tasks. We present a new algorithm to estimate this covariance matrix, based on the concept of minimal penalty, which was previously used in the single-task regression framework to estimate the variance of the noise. We show, in a non-asymptotic setting and under mild assumptions on the target function, that this estimator converges towards the covariance matrix. Then plugging this estimator into the corresponding ideal penalty leads to an oracle inequality. We illustrate the behavior of our algorithm on synthetic examples.
title: Factorization Systems for Discrete Homotopy Theory
Creators: name: Hardeman Morrill, Rachel
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Discrete Homotopy Theory
subject: Graphs
subject: Algebraic Topology
subject: Covering Graphs
subject: Path Object Category
subject: Weak Factorization Systems
subject: Model Structure
subject: Education--Mathematics

description: Homotopy theory is a well-studied field of mathematics which allows us to determine which spaces can be obtained by a deformation of another. Analogous theories have been developed for the mathematical objects called graphs. In this thesis, I further develop one of these homotopy theories for graphs, called A-homotopy theory, by constructing a covering graph theory, completing the work of my Master’s thesis. Covering graphs allow us to factor graph homomorphisms through other graphs using lifts. Factoring morphisms is an important part of finding structure on a category, and that structure is necessary for us to have a fully developed homotopy theory on the category. An example of such a structure is Hurewicz model structure on the category of spaces, which involves covering spaces. We show that there is no analogous Hurewicz model structure on the category of graphs. Instead, we define a new homotopy equivalence for graphs and a cloven weak factorization system structure on the category of graphs using path objects. This structure allows us to factor any morphism by a strong deformation retract followed by a morphism with the homotopy lifting property. This is a particularly useful factorization, which leads to a complete re-framing of A-homotopy theory.
title: Improving Classification and Segmentation of Choroidal Lesions by Addressing Data Limitations with Patch-Based Approaches
Creators: name: Biglarbeiki, Mehregan
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Deep Learning
subject: Medical Image Analysis
subject: Classification
subject: Segmentation
subject: Fundus Imaging
subject: Choroidal Nevi
subject: Choroidal Melanoma
subject: Computer Science
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Ophthalmology

description: Choroidal nevi are benign ocular lesions that can progress to malignant forms like choroidal melanoma. Recent advancements in Deep Learning (DL) have shown potential in detecting ocular diseases, automating eye reviews, and facilitating timely treatment. However, these models require extensive labelled data, which is challenging to acquire due to the associated labeling costs. This limitation affects the optimal performance of DL models, leading to underexplored applications in this domain, with only a few studies available. This thesis presents three studies aimed at overcoming data limitations and enhancing model performance for the classification and segmentation of melanocytic choroidal tumors in fundus images. The first study involved binary classification of choroidal nevi and healthy subjects, using fundus images from the Alberta Ocular Brachytherapy dataset. Pre-trained models—ResNet50, DenseNet121, EfficientNetB7, and YOLOv8n—were evaluated. Results indicated that training on image patches rather than full-size images, combined with data augmentation to address noisy images and low-contrast lesions, resulted in the YOLOv8n model achieving the highest accuracy of 92.61%. The second study aimed to segment choroidal nevi lesions from fundus images. U-Net and YOLOv8n segmentation models were trained on the Alberta Ocular Brachytherapy dataset and validated on the Wills Eye Hospital dataset. The YOLOv8n model achieved Dice Coefficient scores of 0.833 and 0.764 for the Alberta and Wills datasets, respectively, when trained on both full-size images and image patches, along with the proposed post-processing methods. In the final study, a YOLOv8n model classified choroidal melanoma and nevi lesions from montage fundus images. The model’s performance was evaluated under two pre-training scenarios. The model pre-trained on ImageNet and fine-tuned on our dataset achieved an accuracy of 92.25%, outperforming the model pre-trained on ImageNet and fine-tuned on the Kaggle EyePACs dataset before the final fine-tuning on our dataset. Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) was applied to enhance model interpretability, providing ocular oncologists with insights into the model’s predictions. Overall, these studies emphasize the significance of DL models in automating the detection of melanocytic choroidal lesions and improving their classification and segmentation performance.
INVESTIGATING IAA'S EFFECTS ON CERATOPTERIS THALICTROIDES: IMPLICATIONS FOR SPORE GERMINATION ANDGAMETOPHYTE DEVELOPMENT IN SITAMATA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
Creators: name: Vandana, Sharma Singh
name: Rajesh, Kumar Chauhan
Publisher: name: AMERICAN SERIAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pteridophytes
Biodiversity
Ethnobotany
Medicinal plants
Conservation

description: Pteridophytes, characterized by their affinity for shade and moisture, are a significant component of Rajasthan's vegetation, with 21 genera and 39 species documented in the region. The Sitamata forest, located in Chittorgarh and Pratapgarh districts, stands out as a biodiversity hotspot, renowned for its rich diversity of pteridophytes. Notably, Ceretopteris thalictroides, a prominent species within this botanical group, holds cultural and medicinal significance, being consumed as a leafy vegetable and valued for its antibacterial properties against Streptococcus mutans and Shigella flexneri, as reported by Behera et al. (2022).

This paper explores the ecological importance and cultural relevance of pteridophytes in Rajasthan's landscape, drawing upon historical records and recent scientific studies. It traces the pioneering work of Bir and Goyal (1982), who provided the first comprehensive inventory of pteridophytic flora in the iconic Mt. Abu region, laying the groundwork for subsequent research endeavors. Through a synthesis of botanical surveys and ethnobotanical investigations, the paper sheds light on the diverse uses and ecological functions of pteridophytes within the region.

By highlighting the medicinal and nutritional value of Ceretopteris thalictroides and other pteridophytic species, the paper underscores the potential contributions of these plants to human health and well-being. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of conservation efforts to safeguard the biodiversity of pteridophytes in Rajasthan, particularly in ecologically sensitive areas such as the Sitamata forest. Through informed conservation policies and community engagement initiatives, stakeholders can ensure the continued resilience and vitality of Rajasthan's pteridophytic flora.

This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the ecological significance and cultural significance of pteridophytes in Rajasthan's landscape. It underscores the need for integrated approaches to biodiversity conservation that recognize the intrinsic value of these plants while addressing the socio-economic needs of local communities
Harpagus bidentatus
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Accipitriformes
Accipitridae
Harpagus
Harpagus bidentatus

description: Harpagus bidentatus (Latham, 1790) Figure 4G Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 21.VII.2018; observation; plot T07; WA3817977. Identification. This species is 32 cm in length. The head and upperparts are gray. The underparts area are rufous with a varying amount of pale barring. The throat is pale and with a median, black streak that is often noticeable.
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on page 297, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
An investigation of a super-Earth exoplanet with a greenhouse-gas atmosphere using a general circulation model
Creators: name: Zalucha, Angela M.
name: Michaels, Timothy I.
name: Madhusudhan, Nikku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model (GCM) dynamical core, in conjunction with a Newtonian relaxation scheme that relaxes to a gray, analytical solution of the radiative transfer equation, to simulate a tidally locked, synchronously orbiting super-Earth exoplanet. This hypothetical exoplanet is simulated under the following main assumptions: (1) the size, mass, and orbital characteristics of GJ 1214b (Charbonneau et al., 2009), (2) a greenhouse-gas dominated atmosphere, (3), the gas properties of water vapor, and (4) a surface. We have performed a parameter sweep over global mean surface pressure (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 bar) and global mean surface albedo (0.1, 0.4, and 0.7). Given assumption (1) above, the period of rotation of this exoplanet is 1.58 Earth-days, which we classify as the rapidly rotating regime. Our parameter sweep differs from Heng and Vogt (2011), who performed their study in the slowly rotating regime and using Held and Suarez (1994) thermal forcing. This type of thermal forcing is a prescribed function, not related to any radiative transfer, used to benchmark Earth's atmosphere. An equatorial, westerly, superrotating jet is a robust feature in our GCM results. This equatorial jet is westerly at all longitudes. At high latitudes, the flow is easterly. The zonal winds do show a change with global mean surface pressure. As global mean surface pressure increases, the speed of the equatorial jet decreases between 9 and 15 hours local time (substellar point is located at 12 hours local time). The latitudinal extent of the equatorial jet increases on the nightside. Furthermore, the zonal wind speed in the equatorial and midlatitude jets decreases with increasing surface albedo. Also, the latitudinal width of the equatorial jet decreases as surface albedo increases.
description: second revision submitted to Icarus
Gut microbiota regulates maturation of the adult enteric nervous system via enteric serotonin networks
Creators: name: De Vadder, Filipe
name: Grasset, Estelle
name: Manners Holm, Louise
name: Karsenty, Gerard
name: Macpherson, Andrew J.
name: Olofsson, Louise E.
name: Bäckhed, Fredrik
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Gastrointestinal system--Innervation
Serotonin
Gastrointestinal system--Microbiology
Bacteria

description: The enteric nervous system (ENS) is crucial for essential gastrointestinal physiologic functions such as motility, fluid secretion, and blood flow. The gut is colonized by trillions of bacteria that regulate host production of several signaling molecules including serotonin (5-HT) and other hormones and neurotransmitters. Approximately 90% of 5-HT originates from the intestine, and activation of the 5-HT4 receptor in the ENS has been linked to adult neurogenesis and neuroprotection. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the gut microbiota could induce maturation of the adult ENS through release of 5-HT and activation of 5-HT4 receptors. Colonization of germ-free mice with a microbiota from conventionally raised mice modified the neuroanatomy of the ENS and increased intestinal transit rates, which was associated with neuronal and mucosal 5-HT production and the proliferation of enteric neuronal progenitors in the adult intestine. Pharmacological modulation of the 5-HT4 receptor, as well as depletion of endogenous 5-HT, identified a mechanistic link between the gut microbiota and maturation of the adult ENS through the release of 5-HT and activation of the 5-HT4 receptor. Taken together, these findings show that the microbiota modulates the anatomy of the adult ENS in a 5-HT–dependent fashion with concomitant changes in intestinal transit.
title: An Intersectional Approach to Addressing Discrimination Among Pregnant Individuals in a Contemporary Population: A Cross-Sectional Study
Creators: name: Dharamsi, Shazia
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: intersectionality
subject: women's health
subject: pregnancy
subject: discrimination
subject: structural inequity
subject: Education--Social Sciences

description: Background: Pregnant individuals may be vulnerable to discrimination due to existing social stigma and cultural norms surrounding pregnancy and motherhood, which can be exacerbated due to gender, race, or other aspects of their identity; however, it is unclear how intersecting identities overlap and interact to shape peoples’ everyday experiences. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence and experiences of discrimination among pregnant individuals with diverse intersectional identities. Methods: This secondary analysis used baseline data from 1,605 participants enrolled in a longitudinal pregnancy cohort study, the P3 Cohort Study. Latent class analysis was applied to identify different subgroups within the population based on combinations of their social positions and identities (i.e., race, gender expression, emotional health, physical health, income, disability, chronic illness, and age). Perceived discrimination was assessed via the Everyday Discrimination Scale (EDS), and linear regression was performed to compare the frequency, chronicity, and overall number of discriminatory encounters between subgroups. Results: Utilizing latent class analysis, the following three subgroups emerged: (1) Mostly Privileged and Healthy; (2) Somewhat Privileged with Chronic Conditions; (3) Somewhat Privileged, Predominantly Racialized. Class 2 (βfrequency = 0.8, p = 0.042; βchronicity = 45.2, p < 0.001; βsituations = 0.4, p = 0.040) and Class 3 (βfrequency = 0.2, p < 0.001; βchronicity = 31.5, p < 0.001; βsituations = 0.5, p < 0.001) were both positively associated with the frequency, chronicity, and total number of discrimination situations relative to Class 1. The primary reported reasons underlying discrimination experiences varied across latent classes, reflecting the intersecting identities that defined each cluster.
A graphical description of optical parametric generation of squeezed states of light
Creators: name: Bauchrowitz, Joeran
name: Westphal, Tobias
name: Schnabel, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard process for the production of strongly squeezed states of light is optical parametric amplification (OPA) below threshold in dielectric media such as LiNbO3 or periodically poled KTP. Here, we present a graphical description of squeezed light generation via OPA. It visualizes the interaction between the nonlinear dielectric polarization of the medium and the electromagnetic quantum field. We explicitly focus on the transfer from the field's ground state to a squeezed vacuum state and from a coherent state to a bright squeezed state by the medium's secondorder nonlinearity, respectively. Our pictures visualize the phase dependent amplification and deamplification of quantum uncertainties and give the phase relations between all propagating electro-magnetic fields as well as the internally induced dielectric polarizations. The graphical description can also be used to describe the generation of nonclassical states of light via higherorder effects of the non-linear dielectric polarization such as four-wave mixing and the optical Kerr effect.
Feshbach-resonant Raman photoassociation in a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Mackie, Matt
name: Phou, Pierre
name: Boyce, Heather
name: Shinn, Mannix
name: Katz, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the formation of stable heteronuclear molecules via pulsed Raman photoassociation of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate near a strong Feshbach resonance, for both counterintuitive and intuitive pulse sequencing. Compared to lasers alone, weak Raman photoassociation is enhanced by as much as a factor of ten (five) for a counterintuitive (intuitive) pulse sequence, whereas strong Raman photoassociation is barely enhanced at all--regardless of pulse sequence. Stronger intra-atom, molecule, or atom-molecule collisions lead to an expected decrease in conversion efficiency, but stronger ambient inter-atom collisions lead to an unexpected increase in the efficiency of stable molecule production. Numerical results agree reasonably with an analytical approximation.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 42+ references; v2 adds analytical approximation, editorial title change; accepted to PRA
Iskandar Beg Munshī
Creators: name: Ghereghlou, Kioumars
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: History
Ṣafavid Dynasty (Iran)

description: Iskandar Beg Munshī (b. 969/1561–2, d. c.1043/1633 or 1634) was a Persian court scribe (munshī) and chronicler whose Tārīkh-i ʿālam-ārā-yi ʿAbbāsī (“The world-adorning history of ʿAbbās”) deals with Ṣafavid history and the reign of Shāh ʿAbbās I (r. 995–1038/1587–1629). Its sequel (dhayl) chronicles the first five years of the reign of his grandson and successor, Shāh Ṣafī (r. 1038–52/1629–42).
Constraining primordial non-Gaussianity with future galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Giannantonio, Tommaso
name: Porciani, Cristiano
name: Carron, Julien
name: Amara, Adam
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the constraining power on primordial non-Gaussianity of future surveys of the large-scale structure of the Universe for both near-term surveys (such as the Dark Energy Survey - DES) as well as longer term projects such as Euclid and WFIRST. Specifically we perform a Fisher matrix analysis forecast for such surveys, using DES-like and Euclid-like configurations as examples, and take account of any expected photometric and spectroscopic data. We focus on two-point statistics and we consider three observables: the 3D galaxy power spectrum in redshift space, the angular galaxy power spectrum, and the projected weak-lensing shear power spectrum. We study the effects of adding a few extra parameters to the basic LCDM set. We include the two standard parameters to model the current value for the dark energy equation of state and its time derivative, w_0, w_a, and we account for the possibility of primordial non-Gaussianity of the local, equilateral and orthogonal types, of parameter fNL and, optionally, of spectral index n_fNL. We present forecasted constraints on these parameters using the different observational probes. We show that accounting for models that include primordial non-Gaussianity does not degrade the constraint on the standard LCDM set nor on the dark-energy equation of state. By combining the weak lensing data and the information on projected galaxy clustering, consistently including all two-point functions and their covariance, we find forecasted marginalised errors sigma (fNL) ~ 3, sigma (n_fNL) ~ 0.12 from a Euclid-like survey for the local shape of primordial non-Gaussianity, while the orthogonal and equilateral constraints are weakened for the galaxy clustering case, due to the weaker scale-dependence of the bias. In the lensing case, the constraints remain instead similar in all configurations.
description: 20 pages, 10 Figures. Minor modifications; accepted by MNRAS
Psophia leucoptera
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Gruiformes
Psophiidae
Psophia
Psophia leucoptera

description: Psophia leucoptera (Spix, 1825) Figure 4H Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 2.II.2019; camera trap photographs; plots T08, T05; WA4047679. Identification. This species is 50 cm in length. Its body plumage is dark with white wingtips which form a patch on the anterior body.
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on page 297, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
Spin-orbit density wave induced hidden topological order in URu2Si2
Creators: name: Das, Tanmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conventional order parameters in quantum matters are often characterized by 'spontaneous' broken symmetries. However, sometimes the broken symmetries may blend with the invariant symmetries to lead to mysterious emergent phases. The heavy fermion metal URu2Si2 is one such example, where the order parameter responsible for a second-order phase transition at Th = 17.5 K has remained a long-standing mystery. Here we propose via ab-initio calculation and effective model that a novel spin-orbit density wave in the f-states is responsible for the hidden-order phase in URu2Si2. The staggered spin-orbit order 'spontaneous' breaks rotational, and translational symmetries while time-reversal symmetry remains intact. Thus it is immune to pressure, but can be destroyed by magnetic field even at T = 0 K, that means at a quantum critical point. We compute topological index of the order parameter to show that the hidden order is topologically invariant. Finally, some verifiable predictions are presented.
description: (v2) Substantially modified from v1, more calculation and comparison with experiments are included
A renewed look at eta' in medium
Creators: name: Kwon, Youngshin
name: Lee, Su Houng
name: Morita, Kenji
name: Wolf, Gyuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the question of whether the U_A(1) symmetry is effectively restored in hot and dense medium. In particular, by generalizing the Witten-Veneziano formula to finite temperature, we investigate whether the mass of eta'-meson will change in medium due to the restoration of chiral symmetry.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
title: Spatio-Temporal Modelling of Wind Power Ramps in Alberta
Creators: name: Mahmoudi Gharaie, Maryam
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Wind power
subject: Wind power ramps
subject: Markov chain
subject: Gaussian process
subject: Spatio-temporal Process
subject: Covariance function
subject: Hamiltonian Monte Carlo
subject: No U-Turn Sampler
subject: RStan
subject: Bayesian inference
subject: Wind farm
subject: HMC
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics

description: The goal of this thesis is to model wind power ramps using a three-state Markov chain. The ramp detection technique employed is known as L1-SW in the literature. Within the Markov chain, the states’ transition probabilities are governed by a Gaussian process with a separable spatiotemporal covariance function, designed to capture the space-time dependencies across wind farms. The three states of the Markov chain are ramp up (+1), ramp down (-1), and non-ramp interval (0). The parameters of this model are estimated using a Bayesian inference framework, specifically employing no U-Turn Sampler (NUTS), which is a Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) Method. The inference procedure is implemented using RStan, an interface for working with Stan in R. The results demonstrate that our model effectively captures the properties of wind power ramps. This model is then extended to predict the ramping behavior of future, not-yet-established wind farms.
Estimation of articulated angle in six-wheeled dump trucks using multiple GNSS receivers for autonomous driving
Creators: name: Suzuki, Taro
name: Ohno, Kazunori
name: Kojima, Syotaro
name: Miyamoto, Naoto
name: Suzuki, Takahiro
name: Komatsu, Tomohiro
name: Shibata, Yukinori
name: Asano, Kimitaka
name: Nagatani, Keiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the declining birthrate and aging population, the shortage of labor in the construction industry has become a serious problem, and increasing attention has been paid to automation of construction equipment. We focus on the automatic operation of articulated six-wheel dump trucks at construction sites. For the automatic operation of the dump trucks, it is important to estimate the position and the articulated angle of the dump trucks with high accuracy. In this study, we propose a method for estimating the state of a dump truck by using four global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) installed on an articulated dump truck and a graph optimization method that utilizes the redundancy of multiple GNSSs. By adding real-time kinematic (RTK)-GNSS constraints and geometric constraints between the four antennas, the proposed method can robustly estimate the position and articulation angle even in environments where GNSS satellites are partially blocked. As a result of evaluating the accuracy of the proposed method through field tests, it was confirmed that the articulated angle could be estimated with an accuracy of 0.1$^\circ$ in an open-sky environment and 0.7$^\circ$ in a mountainous area simulating an elevation angle of 45$^\circ$ where GNSS satellites are blocked.
description: This is an electronic version of an article published in ADVANCED ROBOTICS, 35:23, 1376-1387, 2021. ADVANCED ROBOTICS is available online at: www.tandfonline.com/Article DOI; 10.1080/01691864.2019.1619622
Development of co-loaded fusidic acid and rifampicin polymeric microspheres and nanofibers : phase characterization and in vivo evaluation in a rodent model of orthopaedic infection
Creators: name: Gilchrist, Samuel Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The overall goal of this project was to develop and characterize a biodegradable, polymeric formulation using poly (D,L-lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) for the controlled delivery of fusidic acid (FA) and rifampicin (RIF) to orthopaedic surgical sites to achieve high localized concentrations above the MIC of potential microorganisms to prevent implant-associated infections. Our primary formulation strategy using PLGA microspheres was inappropriate for the controlled delivery of either agent due to a phase separation phenomena of the solid drugs from PLGA. The phase separation, lead us to investigate the solid state properties of FA and the phase behavior of FA and RIF in microspheres. Four distinct solid forms of FA (Form I-IV), and an amorphate were identified. Form IV and amorphous FA had significantly greater intrinsic dissolution rates, and the interconversion of both Form IV and amorphous FA to Form III in aqueous mileau suggests a risk of interconversion upon exposure to moisture if FA is formulated in the solid state. The phase separation of FA and RIF from PLGA microspheres was characterized by drug microdomains localized on the microsphere surface (for FA), or a dimpled microsphere surface (for RIF). Novel micromanipulation techniques allowed the visualization of the phase separation events for FA and RIF, which was correlated with the compatibility between each drug and PLGA. When co-loaded, FA and RIF phase separate in a single event, intermediate to each drug alone. Suface distribution of drug microdomains, and drug release, was dependent on the weight fraction of FA. A more suitable controlled release formulation was PLGA nanofibers prepared using electrospinning. The drug-loaded formulations were defect-free and had a biphasic drug release profile. All dual-loaded formulations showed direct antimicrobial activity in vitro against 4 Gram positive microorganisms. Furthermore, lead formulations containing 10% (w/w) FA/SF and 5% (w/w) RIF were able to prevent the adherence of methicillin resistant S. aureus to a titanium implant in an in vivo rodent model of implant-associated infection. The data in this thesis contributes to the understanding of drug phase separation from PLGA, and drug-loaded electrospun nanofibers provide a preclinical proof-of-principle for the prevention of implant-associated infections.
Appendix for "Perceptual Variation and Relativism"
Creators: name: Morrison, John Ross
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Visual perception
Perception (Philosophy)
Color vision

description: In "Perceptual Variation and Relativism" I criticized two proposals for combining perceptual relativism with perceptual atomism.  In this appendix I consider and reject several other proposals.  I conclude that perceptual relativism should not be combined with perceptual atomism.
Leptotila verreauxi
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Leptotila
Leptotila verreauxi

description: Leptotila verreauxi (Bonaparte, 1855) Figure 4I Records. BRAZIL • Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 7.I.2019; camera trap photographs; plot T30; WA4047646. Identification. This species is 30 cm in length. Its plumage is brown with the breast lighter. The head is grayish, with metallic highlights on the nape and upper dorsum.
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on page 297, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
Upper Bounds on the Capacity of Binary Channels with Causal Adversaries
Creators: name: Dey, Bikash Kumar
name: Jaggi, Sidharth
name: Langberg, Michael
name: Sarwate, Anand D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we consider the communication of information in the presence of a causal adversarial jammer. In the setting under study, a sender wishes to communicate a message to a receiver by transmitting a codeword $(x_1,...,x_n)$ bit-by-bit over a communication channel. The sender and the receiver do not share common randomness. The adversarial jammer can view the transmitted bits $x_i$ one at a time, and can change up to a $p$-fraction of them. However, the decisions of the jammer must be made in a causal manner. Namely, for each bit $x_i$ the jammer's decision on whether to corrupt it or not must depend only on $x_j$ for $j \leq i$. This is in contrast to the "classical" adversarial jamming situations in which the jammer has no knowledge of $(x_1,...,x_n)$, or knows $(x_1,...,x_n)$ completely. In this work, we present upper bounds (that hold under both the average and maximal probability of error criteria) on the capacity which hold for both deterministic and stochastic encoding schemes.
description: To appear in the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory; shortened version appeared at ISIT 2012
Additional file 1 of Antipsychotic drugs increase Neuregulin1β1 serum levels in first-episode drug-naïve patients and chronic schizophrenia with suggestions for improving the treatment of psychotic symptoms
Creators: name: Yang, Haidong
name: Pan, Wen
name: Xiao, Wenhuan
name: Yang, Man
name: Xu, Jianchun
name: Li, Jin
name: Zhang, Xiaobin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. P values of the Kolmogorov‒Smirnov test in schizophrenia patients and controls. Table 2. Correlation analysis of NRG1β1 concentration with general status and clinical symptoms before and after treatment.
title: Obstacle Detection and Avoidance System for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based on Monocular Camera
Creators: name: Yu, Mingrui
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: machine learning
subject: uav
subject: Education--Industrial
subject: Education--Technology

description: Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), commonly known as drones, are aircraft systems without a human pilot onboard, controlled remotely or autonomously. Algorithms like YOLO (You Only Look Once) for object detection and pathfinding algorithms like A* (A-Star) can quickly navigate around large, static objects like buildings or trees. However, detecting small objects and handling dynamic aerial environments remain challenging. To address this, we introduce an innovative system for small object detection and real-time path planning using a monocular camera. Our dual-stage system combines traditional detection methods like background subtraction with advanced deep-learning techniques for improved reliability to create initial detection zones, further refined by target tracking methods for increased accuracy and depth predictor for getting estimated distance. Additionally, we have developed a new path planning algorithm, Circle Rapidly-exploring Random Trees-star (Circle RRT*), for effective obstacle avoidance. Our Obstacle Detection and Avoidance architecture navigates dynamic conditions with greater precision and speed in identifying small targets.
Characterization of maize production sub-systems in Mossourize and Sussungenga districts, Manica, Mozambique
Creators: name: Ulaine Rafael
name: Mazuze, Feliciano
name: Mwangi, Wilfred
name: Langyintuo, Augustine
name: Tesfahun Kassie
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Characterization of maize production sub-systems in Mossourize and Sussungenga districts, Manica, Mozambique
Leptotila rufaxilla
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Leptotila
Leptotila rufaxilla

description: Leptotila rufaxilla (Richard & Bernard, 1792) Figure 4J Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 21.IX.2018; captured with mist-nets and banded; plot R18; CEMAVE-J49770. Identification. This species is 26 cm in length. The back is grayish-brown and the bill is black. The forehead is whitish gray, with the sides of the head and neck ochraceous, and the underparts are brownish. The iris is brown, with red orbital skin.
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on page 297, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
title: Mixture Model Analysis with Misclassified Covariates: Methods and Applications
Creators: name: Zhang, Ruixuan
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mixture model
subject: Misclassification
subject: Biostatistics
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Mixture models are crucial for analyzing data with underlying sub-populations. Misclassification introduces discrepancies between observations and true values, which can severely bias parameter estimation, especially for mixture models when subgroups are not easily identifiable. We propose a method to enhance parameter estimation within the framework of mixture models, and mitigate the impact of misclassified covariates by utilizing them as surrogates in the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. Simulations consider both non-differential and differential misclassification with varying sample sizes, sensitivities, specificities, subgroup proportions and misclassified covariate proportions. Results demonstrate robust performance compared to naive or ad hoc approaches ignoring the misclassification issue, even under challenging conditions, such as low sensitivity and specificity for the misclassified covariate, or small sample sizes. For illustration, we apply our method to the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of our findings and directions for future research.
Valuation of knowledge and ignorance in mesolimbic reward circuitry
Creators: name: Charpentier, Caroline J.
name: Bromberg-Martin, Ethan S.
name: Sharot, Tali
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information behavior
subject: Decision making--Psychological aspects
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Ignorance (Theory of knowledge)

description: The pursuit of knowledge is a basic feature of human nature. However, in domains ranging from health to finance people sometimes choose to remain ignorant. Here, we show that valence is central to the process by which the human brain evaluates the opportunity to gain information, explaining why knowledge may not always be preferred. We reveal that the mesolimbic reward circuitry selectively treats the opportunity to gain knowledge about future favorable outcomes, but not unfavorable outcomes, as if it has positive utility. This neural coding predicts participants’ tendency to choose knowledge about future desirable outcomes more often than undesirable ones, and to choose ignorance about future undesirable outcomes more often than desirable ones. Strikingly, participants are willing to pay both for knowledge and ignorance as a function of the expected valence of knowledge. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), however, responds to the opportunity to receive knowledge over ignorance regardless of the valence of the information. Connectivity between the OFC and mesolimbic circuitry could contribute to a general preference for knowledge that is also modulated by valence. Our findings characterize the importance of valence in information seeking and its underlying neural computation. This mechanism could lead to suboptimal behavior, such as when people reject medical screenings or monitor investments more during bull than bear markets.