cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Directions in Cloud Programming
Creators: name: Cheung, Alvin
name: Crooks, Natacha
name: Hellerstein, Joseph M.
name: Milano, Mae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nearly twenty years after the launch of AWS, it remains difficult for most developers to harness the enormous potential of the cloud. In this paper we lay out an agenda for a new generation of cloud programming research aimed at bringing research ideas to programmers in an evolutionary fashion. Key to our approach is a separation of distributed programs into a PACT of four facets: Program semantics, Availablity, Consistency and Targets of optimization. We propose to migrate developers gradually to PACT programming by lifting familiar code into our more declarative level of abstraction. We then propose a multi-stage compiler that emits human-readable code at each stage that can be hand-tuned by developers seeking more control. Our agenda raises numerous research challenges across multiple areas including language design, query optimization, transactions, distributed consistency, compilers and program synthesis.
Plasma Jets and Eruptions in Solar Coronal Holes: a 3D flux emergence experiment
Creators: name: Moreno-Insertis, Fernando
name: Galsgaard, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-dimensional numerical experiment of the launching of a hot and fast coronal jet followed by several violent eruptions is analyzed in detail. These events are initiated through the emergence of a magnetic flux rope from the solar interior into a coronal hole. We explore the evolution of the emerging magnetically-dominated plasma dome surmounted by a current sheet and the ensuing pattern of reconnection. A hot and fast coronal jet with inverted-Y shape is produced that shows properties comparable to those frequently observed with EUV and X-Ray detectors. We analyze its 3D shape, its inhomogeneous internal structure, and its rise and decay phases, lasting for some 15-20 min each. Particular attention is devoted to the field-line connectivities and the reconnection pattern. We also study the cool and high-density volume that appears encircling the emerged dome. The decay of the jet is followed by a violent phase with a total of five eruptions. The first of them seems to follow the general pattern of tether-cutting reconnection in a sheared arcade, although modified by the field topology created by the preceding reconnection evolution. The two following eruptions take place near and above the strong field-concentrations at the surface. They show a twisted, Ω-loop like rope expanding in height, with twist being turned into writhe, thus hinting at a kink instability (perhaps combined with a torus-instability) as the cause of the eruption. The succession of a main jet ejection and a number of violent eruptions that resemble mini-CME's and their physical properties suggest that this experiment may provide a model for the blowout jets recently proposed in the literature.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (vol 770, June 2013)
EDGF: Empirical dataset generation framework for wireless network networks
Creators: name: Sah, Dinesh Kumar
name: Donta, Praveen Kumar
name: Amgoth, Tarachand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), simulation practices, system models, algorithms, and protocols have been published worldwide based on the assumption of randomness. The applied statistics used for randomness in WSNs are broad in nature, e.g., random deployment, activity tracking, packet generation, etc. Even though with adequate formal and informal information provided and pledge by authors, validation of the proposal became a challenging issue. The minuscule information alteration in implementation and validation can reflect the enormous effect on eventual results. In this proposal, we show how the results are affected by the generalized assumption made on randomness. In sensor node deployment, ambiguity arises due to node error-value ($ε$), and it's upper bound in the relative position is estimated to understand the delicacy of diminutives changes. Moreover, the effect of uniformity in the traffic and contribution of scheduling position of nodes also generalized. We propose an algorithm to generate the unified dataset for the general and some specific applications system models in WSNs. The results produced by our algorithm reflects the pseudo-randomness and can efficiently regenerate through seed value for validation.
Light-Cone Gauge in Non-Relativistic AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ String Theory
Creators: name: Fontanella, Andrea
name: García, Juan Miguel Nieto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the non-relativistic limit of string theory in AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ for different choices of embedding coordinates. We show that, if we consider Cartesian coordinates, the action of fluctuations around the twisted BMN-like string found in arXiv:2109.13240 in uniform light-cone gauge becomes the one of free fields at large string tension and large AdS$_5$ radius.
description: 28 pages. v5: major revision. Version accepted for publication in JHEP
Effects of exercise combined with a healthy diet or calanus finmarchicus oil supplementation on body composition and metabolic markers - a pilot study
Creators: name: Wasserfurth, Paulina
name: Nebl, Josefine
name: Schuchardt, Jan Philipp
name: Müller, Mattea
name: Boßlau, Tim Konstantin
name: Krüger, Karsten
name: Hahn, Andreas
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Aging
subject: Body composition
subject: Exercise
subject: Fat loss
subject: Glucose metabolism
subject: Obesity
subject: Omega-3 fatty acid
subject: anthropometry
subject: Article
subject: body composition
subject: body mass
subject: body weight
subject: Calanus finmarchicus
subject: caloric intake
subject: controlled study
subject: diet supplementation
subject: dietary intake
subject: electrochemiluminescence
subject: endurance training
subject: exercise
subject: exercise intensity
subject: female
subject: food intake
subject: glucose blood level
subject: glycemic index
subject: healthy diet
subject: human
subject: lifestyle modification
subject: major clinical study
subject: male
subject: metabolic activation
subject: nutritional assessment
subject: physical activity
subject: questionnaire
subject: randomized controlled trial
subject: stretching exercise
subject: vitamin supplementation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Aging is accompanied by a progressive decline in muscle mass and an increase in fat mass, which are detrimental changes associated with the development of health conditions such as type-2 diabetes mellitus or chronic low-grade inflammation. Although both exercise as well as nutritional interventions are known to be beneficial in counteracting those age-related changes, data to which extent untrained elderly people may benefit is still sparse. Therefore, a randomized, controlled, 12-week interventional trial was conducted in which 134 healthy untrained participants (96 women and 38 men, age 59.4 ± 5.6 years, body mass index (BMI) 28.4 ± 5.8 kg/m2) were allocated to one of four study groups: (1) control group with no intervention (CON); (2) 2×/week aerobic and resistance training only (EX); (3) exercise routine combined with dietary counseling in accordance with the guidelines of the German Nutrition Society (EXDC); (4) exercise routine combined with intake of 2 g/day oil from Calanus finmarchicus (EXCO). Body composition (bioelectrical impedance analysis), as well as markers of glucose metabolism and blood lipids, were analyzed at the beginning and the end of the study. The highest decreases in body fat were observed within the EXCO group (−1.70 ± 2.45 kg, p < 0.001), and the EXDC (−1.41 ± 2.13 kg, p = 0.008) group. Markers of glucose metabolism and blood lipids remained unchanged in all groups. Taken together results of this pilot study suggest that a combination of moderate exercise and intake of oil from Calanus finmarchicus or a healthy diet may promote fat loss in elderly untrained overweight participants. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Topological phase transitions induced by varying topology and boundaries in the toric code
Creators: name: Jamadagni, Amit
name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
Publisher: name: [London] : IOP
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: topological phase transitions
subject: open quantum systems
subject: dissipative phase transitions
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: One of the important characteristics of topological phases of matter is the topology of the underlying manifold on which they are defined. In this paper, we present the sensitivity of such phases of matter to the underlying topology, by studying the phase transitions induced due to the change in the boundary conditions. We claim that these phase transitions are accompanied by broken symmetries in the excitation space and to gain further insight we analyze various signatures like the ground state degeneracy, topological entanglement entropy while introducing the open-loop operator whose expectation value effectively captures the phase transition. Further, we extend the analysis to an open quantum setup by defining effective collapse operators, the dynamics of which cool the system to distinct steady states both of which are topologically ordered. We show that the phase transition between such steady states is effectively captured by the expectation value of the open-loop operator.
Common Mycorrhizae Network: A Review of the Theories and Mechanisms Behind Underground Interactions
Creators: name: Fernandes Figueiredo, Aline
name: Boy, Jens
name: Guggenberger, Georg
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: resources allocation
subject: plant fitness
subject: mycelium connections
subject: connected plants
subject: direct pathway
subject: indirect pathway
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Most terrestrial plants establish symbiotic associations with mycorrhizal fungi for accessing essential plant nutrients. Mycorrhizal fungi have been frequently reported to interconnect plants via a common mycelial network (CMN), in which nutrients and signaling compounds can be exchanged between the connected plants. Several studies have been performed to demonstrate the potential effects of the CMN mediating resource transfer and its importance for plant fitness. Due to several contrasting results, different theories have been developed to predict benefits or disadvantages for host plants involved in the network and how it might affect plant communities. However, the importance of the mycelium connections for resources translocation compared to other indirect pathways, such as leakage of fungi hyphae and subsequent uptake by neighboring plant roots, is hard to distinguish and quantify. If resources can be translocated via mycelial connections in significant amounts that could affect plant fitness, it would represent an important tactic for plants co-existence and it could shape community composition and dynamics. Here, we report and critically discuss the most recent findings on studies aiming to evaluate and quantify resources translocation between plants sharing a CMN and predict the pattern that drives the movement of such resources into the CMN. We aim to point gaps and define open questions to guide upcoming studies in the area for a prospect better understanding of possible plant-to-plant interactions via CMN and its effect in shaping plants communities. We also propose new experiment set-ups and technologies that could be used to improve previous experiments. For example, the use of mutant lines plants with manipulation of genes involved in the symbiotic associations, coupled with labeling techniques to track resources translocation between connected plants, could provide a more accurate idea about resource allocation and plant physiological responses that are truly accountable to CMN.
Facilitating Knowledge Sharing from Domain Experts to Data Scientists for Building NLP Models
Creators: name: Park, Soya
name: Wang, April
name: Kawas, Ban
name: Liao, Q. Vera
name: Piorkowski, David
name: Danilevsky, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data scientists face a steep learning curve in understanding a new domain for which they want to build machine learning (ML) models. While input from domain experts could offer valuable help, such input is often limited, expensive, and generally not in a form readily consumable by a model development pipeline. In this paper, we propose Ziva, a framework to guide domain experts in sharing essential domain knowledge to data scientists for building NLP models. With Ziva, experts are able to distill and share their domain knowledge using domain concept extractors and five types of label justification over a representative data sample. The design of Ziva is informed by preliminary interviews with data scientists, in order to understand current practices of domain knowledge acquisition process for ML development projects. To assess our design, we run a mix-method case-study to evaluate how Ziva can facilitate interaction of domain experts and data scientists. Our results highlight that (1) domain experts are able to use Ziva to provide rich domain knowledge, while maintaining low mental load and stress levels; and (2) data scientists find Ziva's output helpful for learning essential information about the domain, offering scalability of information, and lowering the burden on domain experts to share knowledge. We conclude this work by experimenting with building NLP models using the Ziva output by our case study.
Composite Gaussian process models for emulating expensive functions
Creators: name: Ba, Shan
name: Joseph, V. Roshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new type of nonstationary Gaussian process model is developed for approximating computationally expensive functions. The new model is a composite of two Gaussian processes, where the first one captures the smooth global trend and the second one models local details. The new predictor also incorporates a flexible variance model, which makes it more capable of approximating surfaces with varying volatility. Compared to the commonly used stationary Gaussian process model, the new predictor is numerically more stable and can more accurately approximate complex surfaces when the experimental design is sparse. In addition, the new model can also improve the prediction intervals by quantifying the change of local variability associated with the response. Advantages of the new predictor are demonstrated using several examples.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS570 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Classical Limit of Relativistic Quantum Mechanical Equations in the Foldy-Wouthuysen Representation
Creators: name: Silenko, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 81-XX Quantum theory

description: It is shown that, under the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation conditions, using the Foldy-Wouthuysen representation allows the problem of finding a classical limit of relativistic quantum mechanical equations to be reduced to the replacement of operators in the Hamiltonian and quantum mechanical equations of motion by the respective classical quantities.
description: 6 pages
Quantum logic inspired techniques for spacetime-symmetry tests with (anti-)protons
Creators: name: Cornejo, Juan M.
name: Lehnert, Ralf
name: Niemann, Malte
name: Mielke, Johannes
name: Meiners, Teresa
name: Bautista-Salvador, Amado
name: Schulte, Marius
name: Nitzschke, Diana
name: Borchert, Matthias J.
name: Hammerer, Klemens
name: Ulmer, Stefan
name: Ospelkaus, Christian
Publisher: name: [London] : IOP
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: quantum logic spectroscopy
subject: CPT symmetry
subject: trapped ions
subject: Penning traps
subject: precision measurements
subject: laser cooling
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Cosmological observations as well as theoretical approaches to physics beyond the standard model provide strong motivations for experimental tests of fundamental symmetries, such as CPT invariance. In this context, the availability of cold baryonic antimatter at CERN has opened an avenue for ultrahigh-precision comparisons of protons and antiprotons in Penning traps. This work discusses an experimental method inspired by quantum logic techniques that will improve particle localization and readout speed in such experiments. The method allows for sympathetic cooling of the (anti-)proton to its quantum-mechanical ground state as well as the readout of its spin alignment, replacing the commonly used continuous Stern–Gerlach effect. Both of these features are achieved through coupling to a laser-cooled 'logic' ion co-trapped in a double-well potential. This technique will boost the measurement sampling rate and will thus provide results with lower statistical uncertainty, contributing to stringent searches for time dependent variations in the data. Such measurements ultimately yield extremely high sensitivities to CPT violating coefficients acting on baryons in the standard-model extension, will allow the exploration of previously unmeasured types of symmetry violations, and will enable antimatter-based axion-like dark matter searches with improved mass resolution.
Bayesian optimal investment and reinsurance with dependent financial and insurance risks
Creators: name: Bäuerle, Nicole
name: Leimcke, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91G99, 93E35, 60J76

description: Major events like natural catastrophes or the COVID-19 crisis have impact both on the financial market and on claim arrival intensities and claim sizes of insurers. Thus, when optimal investment and reinsurance strategies have to be determined it is important to consider models which reflect this dependence. In this paper we make a proposal how to generate dependence between the financial market and claim sizes in times of crisis and determine via a stochastic control approach an optimal investment and reinsurance strategy which maximizes the expected exponential utility of terminal wealth. Moreover, we also allow that the claim size distribution may be learned in the model. We give comparisons and bounds on the optimal strategy using simple models. What turns out to be very surprising is that numerical results indicate that even a minimal dependence which is created in this model has a huge impact on the control in the sense that the insurer is much more prudent then.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2001.11301
Iris virescens Red.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: I. virescens Red. Cat. 343. Verwildert und eingebürgert. Heute sichere Fundorte bloss: Fels der Majorie bei Sitten (altbekannte Stelle, vgl. Cat.; noch heute: BECHERER1954) und Montorge bei Sitten, eine Gruppe (J.FAVRE 1952). Ferner St-Maurice, hier absichtlich eingeführt (JACOMET).Die alten Angaben Martigny und Tourbillon sind zu streichen und die WoLFsche Angabe von Niedergesteln ist zu bestätigen.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
title: The Effectiveness of Music Therapy Interventions with Persons of Concern
title: An Integrative Review
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Lauzon, Grace
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Immigrants, refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons, and stateless persons, collectively known as “persons of concern,” often have unmet mental health and wellness needs as a result of trauma. With a diverse variety of interventions and approaches, the use of music therapy has the potential to meet the needs of persons of concern. In the present study, the researcher conducted an integrative review to examine the use of music therapy with persons of concern. After conducting a hand-search of music therapy journals and an advanced keyword search through internet databases, the researcher found 17 studies that met inclusion criteria. There were ten studies in which participants were immigrants, six studies in which participants were refugees or asylum seekers, and one study in which participants were displaced persons. Refugees’ countries of origin were: Azerbaijan, Cambodia, Chile, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Iran, Liberia, North Korea, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Sudan, and Vietnam. Immigrants’ countries of origin were: China, Haiti, India, Korea, Latin America, Malaysia, Mexico, Romania, Russia, and Vietnam. Interventions used in the studies were (in order of frequency) singing, songwriting, instrument play, improvisation, lyric analysis, music listening, music imagery, and music-based relaxation. The needs of persons of concern, music therapy interventions, the rigor and quality of music therapy research, and implications for future clinical practice are discussed.
description: Copyright© Grace Lauzon 2019
Optical Bend Sensor Based on Eccentrically Micro-Structured Multimode Polymer Optical Fibers
Creators: name: Leffers, Lennart
name: Locmelis, Julia
name: Bremer, Kort
name: Roth, Bernhard
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
Publisher: name: New York, NY : IEEE
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fiber Bragg gratings
subject: fiber optics
subject: optical bend
subject: sensor
subject: polymer optical fiber
subject: UV excimer laser
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: We report on a novel bend sensor with high flexibility and elasticity based on Bragg grating structures in polymer optical fibers to detect bending for the measurement of movement. The concept is very simple and relies on the inscription of eccentrical Bragg gratings into multimode graded-index polymer optical fibers via contact exposure with a krypton fluoride excimer laser in the ultraviolet region and an optimized phase mask. Depending on the fiber deformation, the lattice constant of the inscribed Bragg grating is strained or compressed due to its position relative to the fiber core. This in turn results in a specific shift of the Bragg wavelength of up to 1.3 nm to the red or blue wavelength region, respectively, which is sufficiently large to be reliably detected. Therefore, as proof of principle, deformation along one axis can be observed with a single Bragg grating with a maximum sensitivity of up to 65 pm/m−1 . Moreover, multiple Bragg gratings inscribed into the same polymer optical fiber at different positions around the fiber axis allow to determine the shape deformation of the fiber relative to a reference frame with similar accuracy. Consequently, this technology could form the basis for new applications in the areas of medical diagnostics, robotics or augmented reality, which are lacking affordable sensor systems to date.
Topological-Graph Dependencies and Scaling Properties of a Heuristic Qubit-Assignment Algorithm
Creators: name: Steinberg, Matthew
name: Feld, Sebastian
name: Almudever, Carmen G.
name: Marthaler, Michael
name: Reiner, Jan-Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The qubit-mapping problem aims to assign and route qubits of a quantum circuit onto a NISQ device in an optimized fashion, with respect to some cost function. Finding an optimal solution to this problem is known to scale exponentially in computational complexity; as such, it is imperative to investigate scalable qubit-mapping solutions for NISQ computation. In this work, a noise-aware heuristic qubit-assignment algorithm (which assigns initial placements for qubits in a quantum algorithm to qubits on a NISQ device, but does not route qubits during the quantum algorithm's execution) is presented and compared against the optimal \textit{brute-force} solution, as well as a trivial qubit assignment, with the aim to quantify the performance of our heuristic qubit-assignment algorithm. We find that for small, connected-graph algorithms, our heuristic-assignment algorithm faithfully lies in between the effective upper and lower bounds given by the brute-force and trivial qubit-assignment algorithms. Additionally, we find that the topological-graph properties of quantum algorithms with over six qubits play an important role in our heuristic qubit-assignment algorithm's performance on NISQ devices. Finally, we investigate the scaling properties of our heuristic algorithm for quantum processors with up to 100 qubits; here, the algorithm was found to be scalable for quantum-algorithms which admit path-like graphs. Our findings show that as the size of the quantum processor in our simulation grows, so do the benefits from utilizing the heuristic qubit-assignment algorithm, under particular constraints for our heuristic algorithm. This work thus characterizes the performance of a heuristic qubit-assignment algorithm with respect to the topological-graph and scaling properties of a quantum algorithm which one may wish to run on a given NISQ device.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering
Eukaryotic Box C/D methylation machinery has two non-symmetric protein assembly sites
Creators: name: Höfler, Simone
name: Lukat, Peer
name: Blankenfeldt, Wulf
name: Carlomagno, Teresa
Publisher: name: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular biology
subject: Structural biology
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Box C/D ribonucleoprotein complexes are RNA-guided methyltransferases that methylate the ribose 2’-OH of RNA. The central ‘guide RNA’ has box C and D motifs at its ends, which are crucial for activity. Archaeal guide RNAs have a second box C’/D’ motif pair that is also essential for function. This second motif is poorly conserved in eukaryotes and its function is uncertain. Conflicting literature data report that eukaryotic box C’/D’ motifs do or do not bind proteins specialized to recognize box C/D-motifs and are or are not important for function. Despite this uncertainty, the architecture of eukaryotic 2’-O-methylation enzymes is thought to be similar to that of their archaeal counterpart. Here, we use biochemistry, X-ray crystallography and mutant analysis to demonstrate the absence of functional box C’/D’ motifs in more than 80% of yeast guide RNAs. We conclude that eukaryotic Box C/D RNPs have two non-symmetric protein assembly sites and that their three-dimensional architecture differs from that of archaeal 2’-O-methylation enzymes.
The quest for axions and other new light particles
Creators: name: Baker, K.
name: Cantatore, G.
name: Cetin, S. A.
name: Davenport, M.
name: Desch, K.
name: Döbrich, B.
name: Gies, H.
name: Irastorza, I. G.
name: Jaeckel, J.
name: Lindner, A.
name: Papaevangelou, T.
name: Pivovaroff, M.
name: Raffelt, G.
name: Redondo, J.
name: Ringwald, A.
name: Semertzidis, Y.
name: Siemko, A.
name: Sulc, M.
name: Upadhye, A.
name: Zioutas, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard Model extensions often predict low-mass and very weakly interacting particles, such as the axion. A number of small-scale experiments at the intensity/precision frontier are actively searching for these elusive particles, complementing searches for physics beyond the Standard Model at colliders. Whilst a next generation of experiments will give access to a huge unexplored parameter space, a discovery would have a tremendous impact on our understanding of fundamental physics.
description: Developed from a contribution to the Open Symposium of the European Strategy Preparatory Group, 10-12 September 2012, Krakow; 9 pages, 3 figures
A note on "Traversable wormholes in Einstein-Dirac-Maxwell theory"
Creators: name: Bolokhov, Sergey
name: Bronnikov, Kirill
name: Krasnikov, Serguey
name: Skvortsova, Milena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In their Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 101102 (2021); arXiv: 2010.07317], J.L. Blázquez-Salcedo, C. Knoll and E. Radu have constructed a very interesting class of wormhole solutions in GR, supported by a pair of classical charged spinor fields obeying the Dirac equation. The main new feature of these solutions is that such Dirac spinor fields can possess exotic properties, necessary for the existence of static wormhole configurations in GR. The present note contains a few remarks clarifying some points concerning this approach.
description: 2 two-column pages. Text updated, 5 references added
FIR line emission from high redshift galaxies
Creators: name: Vallini, Livia
name: Gallerani, Simona
name: Ferrara, Andrea
name: Baek, Sunghye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By combining high resolution, radiative transfer cosmological simulations of z~6 galaxies with a sub-grid multi-phase model of their interstellar medium we derive the expected intensity of several far infrared (FIR) emission lines ([C II] 158 micron, [O I] 63 micron, and [N II] 122 micron) for different values of the gas metallicity, Z. For Z = Z_sun the [C II] spectrum is very complex due to the presence of several emitting clumps of individual size < 3 kpc; the peak is displaced from the galaxy center by ~100 km/s. While the [O I] spectrum is also similarly displaced, the [N II] line comes predominantly from the central ionized regions of the galaxy. When integrated over ~500 km/s, the [C II] line flux is 185 mJy km/s; 95% of such flux originates from the cold (T~250 K) H I phase, and only 5% from the warm (T~5000 K) neutral medium. The [O I] and [N II] fluxes are ~6 and ~90 times lower than the [C II] one, respectively. By comparing our results with observations of Himiko, the most extended and luminous Lyman Alpha Emitter (LAE) at z = 6.6, we find that the gas metallicity in this source must be sub-solar. We conclude that the [C II] line from z~6 galaxies is detectable by the ALMA full array in 1.9 < t_ON < 7.7 hr observing time, depending on Z.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Wellenwiderstands-Messungen für IEEE 100BASE-T1
Creators: name: Siebert, Kerstin
name: Loos, Jan
name: Bärenfänger, Jörg
Publisher: name: Frankfurt/Main : mesago
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Wellenwiderstand
subject: Leerlauf
subject: Kurzschluss
subject: Frequenzabhängigkeit
subject: Widerstandsmessung
subject: Anstiegszeit
subject: Messtechnik
subject: Frequenzbereich
subject: inhomogenes Medium
subject: Stecker
subject: Steckverbinder
subject: Messergebnis
subject: TDR-Messung
subject: Messequipment
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Zur Charakterisierung von IEEE 100BASE-T1-Komponenten ist unter anderem eine TDR-Messung des Wellenwiderstandes vorgesehen. Diese hat den Vorteil, dass Wellenwiderstandsänderungen auch einfach örtlich aufgelöst visualisiert werden können, benötigt aber für die exakte Vermessung von 1...2 cm langen Steckern einen differentiellen Puls mit einer Anstiegszeit im niedrigen ps-Bereich. Dies stellt eine Herausforderung an die Messtechnik dar, so dass teures Messequipment benötigt wird. Allerdings ist zur Bewertung nur eine Anstiegszeit von 700 ps spezifiziert, womit die kurzen Steckverbinder nicht aufgelöst werden können. Dies führt zu verschiedenen Fehlern in den Messergebnissen. Die verschiedenen Messungen der Wellenwiderstände im Frequenzbereich nach EN 50289-1-11 haben dagegen andere Nachteile. Bei der Bestimmung über die Geschwindigkeit muss wellenwiderstandsrichtig abgeschlossen werden, was bei zunächst unbekanntem Wellenwiderstand nicht möglich ist. Die Frequenzabhängigkeit der verwendeten Kapazität ist in inhomogenen Medien nicht vernachlässigbar, so dass auch hier Fehler auftreten. Weiterhin kommt es bei der Leerlauf-/Kurzschlussmethode konstruktiv leicht zu minimalen Abweichungen bei der Position des Leerlaufes und des Kurzschlusses, was zu erheblichen Fehlern in einem weiten Bereich um die Resonanzstellen führt, so dass nur sehr bedingt der Wellenwiderstand abgelesen werden kann. Ein deutlich besseres Ergebnis wird erzielt, wenn nur eine 4-Port-Messung unter Verwendung von 500-Ω-Abschlüssen durchgeführt wird und damit analytisch die differentielle Leerlauf-/Kurzschlussmethode simuliert wird. Der Einfluss der Resonanzstellen wird hierdurch deutlich verringert. Dennoch verbleibt, wie auch bei anderen Methoden, die größte Fehleranfälligkeit an den Resonanzstellen. Ein Vergleich der Messergebnisse am Beispiel von IEEE 100BASE-T1-Komponenten zeigt eine gute Übereinstimmung der vorgestellten Methode mit einer steilflankigen TDR. Auch konnten bisher bei dieser Methode keine Einschränkungen bezüglich der Lange oder Eigenschaften des Prüflings festgestellt werden, wie es bei den anderen Methoden der Fall ist.
A central limit theorem for the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery proportion under a factor model
Creators: name: Kluger, Dan M.
name: Owen, Art B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62J15 (Primary), 60F17 (Secondary)

description: The Benjamini-Hochberg (BH) procedure remains widely popular despite having limited theoretical guarantees in the commonly encountered scenario of correlated test statistics. Of particular concern is the possibility that the method could exhibit bursty behavior, meaning that it might typically yield no false discoveries while occasionally yielding both a large number of false discoveries and a false discovery proportion (FDP) that far exceeds its own well controlled mean. In this paper, we investigate which test statistic correlation structures lead to bursty behavior and which ones lead to well controlled FDPs. To this end, we develop a central limit theorem for the FDP in a multiple testing setup where the test statistic correlations can be either short-range or long-range as well as either weak or strong. The theorem and our simulations from a data-driven factor model suggest that the BH procedure exhibits severe burstiness when the test statistics have many strong, long-range correlations, but does not otherwise.
description: Changes in version 4: Added two paragraphs of text at the end of the discussion section, turned the appendix into a supplement, and throughout the text made a few minor changes to improve clarity or fix typos
Propagation and spectral properties of quantum walks in electric fields
Creators: name: Cedzich, C.
name: Rybár, T.
name: Werner, A. H.
name: Alberti, A.
name: Genske, M.
name: Werner, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study one-dimensional quantum walks in a homogeneous electric field. The field is given by a phase which depends linearly on position and is applied after each step. The long time propagation properties of this system, such as revivals, ballistic expansion and Anderson localization, depend very sensitively on the value of the electric field $Φ$, e.g., on whether $Φ/(2π)$ is rational or irrational. We relate these properties to the continued fraction expansion of the field. When the field is given only with finite accuracy, the beginning of the expansion allows analogous conclusions about the behavior on finite time scales.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Die Verfahren zur Ermittlung der Transferimpedanz von konfektionierten geschirmten Leitungen
Creators: name: Harms, Harm-Friedrich
name: Schneider, Alexander
Publisher: name: Frankfurt/Main : mesago
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Übergangswiderstand
subject: Steckverbinder
subject: Sichtprüfung
subject: Messverfahren
subject: Gütereigenschaft
subject: Buchse
subject: Stecker
subject: Spektrumanalysator
subject: Messgerät
subject: Frequenzbereich
subject: Resonanz
subject: Abschlusswiderstand
subject: Aluminium
subject: Transferimpedanz
subject: Gleichstrommessung
subject: Entwicklungspotenzial
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Generell muss bei der Ermittlung der Transferimpedanz klar sein, was bestimmt werden soll: Die Transferimpedanz einer Leitung, einer Leitung plus Steckverbindern, einer Leitung plus Steckverbindern plus Übergangswiderstand oder einer Leitung plus Steckverbinder plus Übergangswiderstand plus Buchsen. Im Verlauf mehrerer Untersuchungen wurden Erfahrungen im Umgang mit unterschiedlichen Messverfahren zur Transferimpedanz gesammelt. Es sollten Messverfahren untersucht werden, die den Einfluss der Steckverbinder an den Enden der Leitungen berücksichtigen. Die Basis für gute EMV-Eigenschaften der konfektionierten Leitung kann ggf. schon eine Sichtprüfung ergeben. Die Steckverbinder müssen rundum geschirmt sein. Die Masseverbindung der Beiden darf nicht einfach durch eine einzelne Litze in der Leitung realisiert werden. Es muss ein durchgängiger Schirm zwischen den beiden Steckern vorhanden sein. Wenn dann die Gleichstrommessung einen geringen Widerstandswert ergibt, kann von einer geringen Transferimpedanz und damit guten EMV-Eigenschaften der Leitung ausgegangen werden. Diese Messung darf jedoch keinesfalls einfach mit einem Widerstandsmessgerät erfolgen. Es muss das beschriebene Vierleitermessverfahren verwendet werden. Für eine Messung im Frequenzbereich würden die Autoren das Verfahren mit Spektrumanalysator und Strommesszangen bevorzugen. Es ist relativ einfach in seinem Aufbau und liefert verlässliche Ergebnisse bis die in der Länge der Leitung begründete erste Resonanz auftritt. Der bislang verwendete Aufbau weist allerdings noch Entwicklungspotential auf. Bei den mehradrigen Leitungen muss der Anschlussbereich der Abschlusswiderstände noch besser ausgeführt werden. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Schirmung. Zudem sollten die Aluminium Strebenprofile durch solche aus nicht leitfähigem Material ersetzt werden. Das Triaxiale Messverfahren fand im Rahmen dieser Untersuchung bislang keine Anwendung. Für die Untersuchung von konfektionierten Leitungen ist es in seiner genormten Ausführung nicht geeignet. Eine Modifikation dürfte aufwendig sein. Dieses Verfahren bleibt sicherlich der Untersuchung von reinen Leitungen und Kabeln vorbehalten.
Enhancement of the superconductivity and quantum metallic state in the thin film of superconducting Kagome metal KV$_3$Sb$_5$
Creators: name: Wang, Teng
name: Yu, Aobo
name: Zhang, Han
name: Liu, Yixin
name: Li, Wei
name: Peng, Wei
name: Di, Zengfeng
name: Jiang, Da
name: Mu, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently V-based Kagome metal attracted intense attention due to the emergence of superconductivity in the low temperature. Here we report the fabrication and physical investigations of the high quality single-crystalline thin films of the Kagome metal KV$_3$Sb$_5$. For the sample with the thickness of about 15 nm, the temperature dependent resistance reveals a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) type behavior, indicating the presence of two-dimensional superconductivity. Compared with the bulk sample, the onset transition temperature $T^{onset}_{c}$ and the out-of-plane upper critical field $H_{c2}$ are enhanced by 15\% and more than 10 times respectively. Moreover, the zero-resistance state is destroyed by a magnetic field as low as 50 Oe. Meanwhile, the temperature-independent resistance is observed in a wide field region, which is the hallmark of quantum metallic state. Our results provide evidences for the existence of unconventional superconductivity in this material.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Mean Field Markov Decision Processes
Creators: name: Bäuerle, Nicole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider mean-field control problems in discrete time with discounted reward, infinite time horizon and compact state and action space. The existence of optimal policies is shown and the limiting mean-field problem is derived when the number of individuals tends to infinity. Moreover, we consider the average reward problem and show that the optimal policy in this mean-field limit is $\varepsilon$-optimal for the discounted problem if the number of individuals is large and the discount factor close to one. This result is very helpful, because it turns out that in the special case when the reward does only depend on the distribution of the individuals, we obtain a very interesting subclass of problems where an average reward optimal policy can be obtained by first computing an optimal measure from a static optimization problem and then achieving it with Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods. We give two applications: Avoiding congestion an a graph and optimal positioning on a market place which we solve explicitly.
Dynamic phase transition in the three-dimensional kinetic Ising model in an oscillating field
Creators: name: Park, Hyunhang
name: Pleimling, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using numerical simulations we investigate the properties of the dynamic phase transition that is encountered in the three-dimensional Ising model subjected to a periodically oscillating magnetic field. The values of the critical exponents are determined through finite-size scaling. Our results show that the studied non-equilibrium phase transition belongs to the universality class of the equilibrium three-dimensional Ising model.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review E
title: May you live in interesting times – Publishing and Open Access in Archaeology
Creators: name: Rocks-Macqueen, Doug
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: In Folge der weltweit zunehmenden Debatte um Open Access (OA) wird das Thema nun auch in der Archäologie viel diskutiert. Der vorliegende Aufsatz versteht sich als ein Beitrag zu dieser laufenden Debatte über Probleme beim OA und bemüht sich um Lösungsvorschläge. Es wird gezeigt, dass die vielen Neuerscheinungen und Publikationsmöglichkeiten Probleme verursachen, welche eine treibende Kraft für die Entwicklung in Richtung auf den OA sind. Das Ziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es, Archäologen zu helfen, die auftretenden Änderungen im archäologischen Publikationswesen besser zu verstehen und Strategien für die Zukunft zu entwickeln.
description: Open Access (OA) has become a topic of discussion in Archaeology, due to the recent increase in OA mandates around the world. To add to the on-going conversation about OA this paper presents an evaluation of the problems OA is attempting to solve. It will demonstrate that too many publications and publication venues are causing the issues that are driving forward the need for Open Access. The purpose of this paper is to help archaeologists understand why changes are occurring in Archaeology publishing so as to help create a strategy for the future
Identification of the predicted 5s-4f level crossing optical lines with applications to metrology and searches for the variation of fundamental constants
Creators: name: Windberger, A.
name: Crespo López-Urrutia, J.R.
name: Bekker, H.
name: Oreshkina, N.S.
name: Berengut, J.C.
name: Bock, V.
name: Borschevsky, A.
name: Dzuba, V.A.
name: Eliav, E.
name: Harman, Z.
name: Kaldor, U.
name: Kaul, S.
name: Safronova, U.I.
name: Flambaum, V.V.
name: Keitel, C.H.
name: Schmidt, Piet O.
name: Ullrich, J.
name: Versolato, O.O.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic physics
subject: Frequency standards
subject: Iridium
subject: Railroad crossings
subject: Atomic system
subject: Characteristic energy
subject: Fine structure constants
subject: Fundamental constants
subject: Level crossing
subject: Optical lines
subject: Optical spectra
subject: Scalings
subject: Sensitivity analysis
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We measure optical spectra of Nd-like W, Re, Os, Ir, and Pt ions of particular interest for studies of a possibly varying fine-structure constant. Exploiting characteristic energy scalings we identify the strongest lines, confirm the predicted 5s-4f level crossing, and benchmark advanced calculations. We infer two possible values for optical M2/E3 and E1 transitions in Ir17+ that have the highest predicted sensitivity to a variation of the fine-structure constant among stable atomic systems. Furthermore, we determine the energies of proposed frequency standards in Hf12+ and W14+. © 2015 American Physical Society.
Two planetary companions around the K7 dwarf GJ 221 : a hot super-Earth and a candidate in the sub-Saturn desert range
Creators: name: Arriagada, Pamela
name: Anglada-Escudé, Guillem
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Crane, Jeffrey D.
name: Shectman, Stephen A.
name: Thompson, Ian
name: Wende, Sebastian
name: Minniti, Dante
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report two low mass companions orbiting the nearby K7 dwarf GJ 221 that have emerged from re-analyzing 4.4 years of publicly available HARPS spectra complemented with 2 years of high precision Doppler measurements with Magellan/PFS. The HARPS measurements alone contain the clear signal of a low mass companion with a period of 125 days and a minimum mass of 53.2 \mearth (GJ 221b), falling in a mass range where very few planet candidates have been found (sub-Saturn desert). The addition of 17 PFS observations allow the confident detection of a second low mass companion (6.5 \mearth) in a hot orbit (3.87 days period, GJ 221c). Spectrocopic and photometric calibrations suggest that GJ 221 is slightly depleted ([Fe/H]$\sim$ -0.1) compared to the Sun so the presence of two low mass companions in the system confirms the trend that slightly reduced stellar metallicity does not prevent the formation of planets in the super-Earth to sub-Saturn mass regime.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication on ApJ