cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
3,5-Thietanopentofuranoside S-oxides and S,S-dioxides – preparation and structural characterization
Creators: name: Voss, Jürgen
name: Otzen, Dirk
name: Gunadi Adiwidjaja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Methyl 3,5-anhydro-3-thiopentofuranosides (“3,5-Thietanopentosides”) of the D-xylo, L-lyxo and 2-deoxy-D-threo series were oxidized to the corresponding S-oxides (sulfoxides) and/or S,S-dioxides (sulfones) by use of hydrogen peroxide or meta-chloroperbenzoic acid. The diastereoisomers resulting from the additional chiral sulfur center in the sulfoxides could be separated. Their configuration was assigned by NMR spectroscopy and in one case unequivocally corroborated by an X-ray structure analysis. The observed stereoselectivity of the oxidation can be attributed to the specific steric requirements in the different thietano sugars. X-Ray structural analyses of three crystalline sulfones were also performed. Attempts to generate carbanions of the sulfoxides and sulfones and to use these for reactions with electrophiles were not successful.
Optical power detector with broad spectral coverage, high detectivity and large dynamic range
Creators: name: Rossi, Jussi
name: Uotila, Juho
name: Sharma, Sucheta
name: Hieta, Tuomas
name: Laurila, Toni
name: Teissier, Roland
name: Baranov, Alexei
name: Ikonen, Erkki
name: Vainio, Markku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical power measurements are needed in practically all technologies based on light. Here we report a general-purpose optical power detector based on the photoacoustic effect. Optical power incident on the detector's black absorber produces an acoustic signal, which is further converted into an electrical signal using a silicon-cantilever pressure transducer. We demonstrate an exceptionally large spectral coverage from ultraviolet to far infrared, with the possibility for further extension to the terahertz region. The linear dynamic range of the detector reaches 80 dB, ranging from a noise-equivalent power of 6 nW to 600 mW.
Synthesis, Structural, and Theoretical Studies of Quinazoline-2,4-dione Derivatives
Creators: name: El-Sheshtawy, Hamdy S.
name: Aboubakr Haredi Abdelmonsef
name: Abboudy, Sayed Moustafa
name: Younes, Ahmed Mohamed Mosallem
name: Taha, Mohamed Mobark
name: Hassan, Mamdouh Adly
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: New quinazolin-2,4-dione derivatives have been synthesized and fully characterized. The new derivatives were synthesized using 3-(2-imino-4-oxo-3H,4H,5H-thiazolidin-3-yl)-1H-quinazolin-2,4-dione by nucleophilic addition mechanism. DFT calculations using B3LYP/6–311++G(d,p) level of the theory were used to investigate the molecular structures and the relative stabilities of the anticipated isomers (E and Z). Both experimental and theoretical calculations confirmed the higher stability of the Z-isomers compared to the E-isomers. The former is stabilized by two intramolecular hydrogen bonds compared to only one in the latter isomer. The frontier orbital calculations (HOMO and LUMO), and the energy gap confirmed the stability of the molecules.
Additional file 5 of Circular RNA expression profiles and CircSnd1-miR-135b/c-foxl2 axis analysis in gonadal differentiation of protogynous hermaphroditic ricefield eel Monopterus albus
Creators: name: He, Zhi
name: Ma, Zhijun
name: Yang, Deying
name: Chen, Qiqi
name: He, Zhide
name: Hu, Jiaxiang
name: Deng, Faqiang
name: Zhang, Qian
name: He, Jiayang
name: Ye, Lijuan
name: Chen, Hongjun
name: He, Liang
name: Huang, Xiaoli
name: Luo, Wei
name: Yang, Shiyong
name: Gu, Xiaobin
name: Zhang, Mingwang
name: Yan, Taiming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5.
Effet de la composition sur la ségrégation des bétons
Creators: name: Boudjedra, Fatiha
name: Benouis, Abdelhalim
name: Grini, Abdelouaheb
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2020

description: La ségrégation est la séparation des constituants du béton qui peut se produire lors de la mise en place dans les coffrages. Afin de rester homogène tout au long des différentes étapes, le matériau doit répondre à ces sollicitations de différentes manières. L’objectif de ce travail est l'étude des effets de la composition du béton sur le phénomène de la ségrégation et d'essayer de corréler les résultats des différents essais de caractérisation. Douze (12) compositions de bétons sont proposées pour les différents essais avec des variations des rapports (E/C) et de la granulométrie des graviers. Les essais sur béton frais ont concerné la détermination pour chacune des douze compositions de l'étalement au cône d'Abrams, de la stabilité au tamis et enfin de la résistance à la ségrégation. Les résultats obtenus nous permettent de souligner le rôle important des deux paramètres variables des bétons testés, à savoir le dosage en eau et la granulométrie des graviers. Les relations entre les dosages en eau et les indicateurs de la ségrégation sont toujours linéaires, ce qui implique une certaine proportionnalité mais conduisent à des valeurs admises différentes. On obtient des étalements admises pour les trois premiers rapports de E/C (0,32 - 0,35 et 0,40), une stabilité au tamis correcte concerne deux rapports de E/C (0,32 - 0,35), alors que la résistance à la ségrégation concerne seulement les seuls bétons de rapport E/C=0,32. La grosseur des graviers joue aussi un rôle important dans la ségrégation des bétons, ce qui ressort des résultats obtenus où la résistance à la ségrégation s'annule pour le gravier 15/25 alors qu'elle dépasse les 60% pour le gravier 5/15 pour le même rapport E/C=0,45.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 34 No 1 (2016): Special Issue - RUGC 2016 Liège
Approche expérimentale et numérique multi-échelle dans la caractérisation des transferts thermo hydriques de la terre crue
Creators: name: Medjelekh, Dalel
name: Ulmet, Laurent
name: Dubois, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2020

description: Face à la problématique énergétique du bâtiment et l’impact environnemental lié, il apparait que les enveloppes en terre crue sont une piste prometteuse en termes d’amélioration du confort thermique, de qualité de l’air intérieur, de consommation énergétique et de régulation de l'humidité ambiante. Une caractérisation des transferts hygrothermiques dans la terre crue a donc été menée avec une approche expérimentale et numérique multi-échelle. Ainsi, le monitoring d’une maison habitée sous climat chaud/hyper aride, construite en terre et paille a été sujet de caractérisation au premier niveau, montrant l’effet de la régulation thermo hydrique de ce matériau. Des études aux échelles du matériau et de la paroi ont été nécessaires pour vérifier ce comportement. Celle du matériau a permis de caractériser les propriétés liées aux transferts de chaleur et de masse. Le couplage thermo-hydrique a fait l'objet d'une étude spécifique à l'échelle de la paroi en terre, caractérisée via une enceinte bi-climatique. Les implémentations différences finies et éléments finis ont abouti à une analyse fine des transferts à l'échelle de la paroi en terre crue. L’accent est mis sur les effets de l’humidité apportés dans les ambiances intérieures afin de valider un outil numérique développé dans ce travail.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 34 No 1 (2016): Special Issue - RUGC 2016 Liège
More about sparse halves in triangle-free graphs
Creators: name: Razborov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C35

description: One of Erdos's conjectures states that every triangle-free graph on $n$ vertices has an induced subgraph on $n/2$ vertices with at most $n^2/50$ edges. We report several partial results towards this conjecture. In particular, we establish the new bound $\frac{27}{1024}n^2$ on the number of edges in general case. We completely prove the conjecture for graphs of girth $\geq 5$, for graphs with independence number $\geq 2n/5$ and for strongly regular graphs. Each of these three classes includes both known (conjectured) extremal configurations, the 5-cycle and the Petersen graph.
description: 25 pages. One more result (Theorem 3.5) has been added
Antiferroelectric negative capacitance from a structural phase transition in zirconia
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Michael
name: Wang, Zheng
name: Tasneem, Nujhat
name: Zubair, Ahmad
name: Ravindran, Prasanna Venkat
name: Tian, Mengkun
name: Gaskell, Anthony
name: Triyoso, Dina
name: Consiglio, Steven
name: Tapily, Kanda
name: Clark, Robert
name: Hur, Jae
name: Pentapati, Sai Surya Kiran
name: Dopita, Milan
name: Yu, Shimeng
name: Chern, Winston
name: Kacher, Josh
name: Reyes-Lillo, Sebastian E.
name: Antoniadis, Dimitri
name: Ravichandran, Jayakanth
name: Slesazeck, Stefan
name: Mikolajick, Thomas
name: Khan, Asif Islam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystalline materials with broken inversion symmetry can exhibit a spontaneous electric polarization, which originates from a microscopic electric dipole moment. Long-range polar or anti-polar order of such permanent dipoles gives rise to ferroelectricity or antiferroelectricity, respectively. However, the recently discovered antiferroelectrics of fluorite structure (HfO$_2$ and ZrO$_2$) are different: A non-polar phase transforms into a polar phase by spontaneous inversion symmetry breaking upon the application of an electric field. Here, we show that this structural transition in antiferroelectric ZrO$_2$ gives rise to a negative capacitance, which is promising for overcoming the fundamental limits of energy efficiency in electronics. Our findings provide insight into the thermodynamically 'forbidden' region of the antiferroelectric transition in ZrO$_2$ and extend the concept of negative capacitance beyond ferroelectricity. This shows that negative capacitance is a more general phenomenon than previously thought and can be expected in a much broader range of materials exhibiting structural phase transitions.
Additional file 1 of PIK3CA mutations-mediated downregulation of circLHFPL2 inhibits colorectal cancer progression via upregulating PTEN
Creators: name: Chong, Xiaodan
name: Chen, Jingde
name: Zheng, Nanxin
name: Zhou, Zhuqing
name: Hai, Yanan
name: Chen, Shiqing
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Yu, Qingzhuo
name: Yu, Shijun
name: Chen, Zhiqin
name: Bao, Wenfang
name: Quan, Ming
name: Chen, Zhe-Sheng
name: Zhan, Yangyang
name: Gao, Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers and DNA/RNA srquence used in this study.
Misinformation, Believability, and Vaccine Acceptance Over 40 Countries: Takeaways From the Initial Phase of The COVID-19 Infodemic
Creators: name: Singh, Karandeep
name: Lima, Gabriel
name: Cha, Meeyoung
name: Cha, Chiyoung
name: Kulshrestha, Juhi
name: Ahn, Yong-Yeol
name: Varol, Onur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has been damaging to the lives of people all around the world. Accompanied by the pandemic is an infodemic, an abundant and uncontrolled spreading of potentially harmful misinformation. The infodemic may severely change the pandemic's course by interfering with public health interventions such as wearing masks, social distancing, and vaccination. In particular, the impact of the infodemic on vaccination is critical because it holds the key to reverting to pre-pandemic normalcy. This paper presents findings from a global survey on the extent of worldwide exposure to the COVID-19 infodemic, assesses different populations' susceptibility to false claims, and analyzes its association with vaccine acceptance. Based on responses gathered from over 18,400 individuals from 40 countries, we find a strong association between perceived believability of misinformation and vaccination hesitancy. Additionally, our study shows that only half of the online users exposed to rumors might have seen the fact-checked information. Moreover, depending on the country, between 6% and 37% of individuals considered these rumors believable. Our survey also shows that poorer regions are more susceptible to encountering and believing COVID-19 misinformation. We discuss implications of our findings on public campaigns that proactively spread accurate information to countries that are more susceptible to the infodemic. We also highlight fact-checking platforms' role in better identifying and prioritizing claims that are perceived to be believable and have wide exposure. Our findings give insights into better handling of risk communication during the initial phase of a future pandemic.
CORDEX experiment design for dynamical downscaling of CMIP6
Creators: name: CORDEX
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The COordinated Regional climate Downscaling EXperiment (CORDEX) was implemented under the auspices of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) inorder to improve downscaling techniques and their use in understanding and assessing regional climate change and the provision of robust regional climateinformation for application in vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation (VIA) studies. This experiment design document presents the simulation framework for the dynamical downscaling of global climate projections from the sixth phase of CMIP (CMIP6).
Etude des conditions hygrothermiques sur la fissuration d’une paroi en brique de terre crue, bois et mortier minéral
Creators: name: Laou, L.
name: Ulmet, L.
name: Yotte, S.
name: Takarli, M.
name: Maillard, P.
name: Rossignol, S.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2020

description: La complexité des sollicitations climatiques rend difficile la prédiction du comportement mécanique des matériaux hygroscopiques et leur assemblage. Dans cette étude, le comportement mécanique d’une paroi composée de matériaux hygroscopiques et soumise à différentes sollicitations hygro-climatiques a été caractérisé dans une double enceinte climatique. Pour prévoir les mouvements hygrothermiques dans la paroi, un modèle couplé thermo-hygro-mécanique a été développé ; il permet d’évaluer les contraintes mécaniques générées par le retrait lors du séchage du mur de 80 % à 50 % d’humidité relative. La confrontation des résultats numériques et expérimentaux a montré une bonne adéquation. En effet, il a été constaté qu’un comportement différent entre le bois et la brique peut générer des efforts de cisaillement et de traction qui atteignent 3,8 MPa au niveau de l’interface et 2 MPa au centre de la brique. Cette étude a permis de montrer la capacité de l’outil numérique développé par éléments finis à prédire le comportement de la paroi sous les différentes sollicitations hygro-climatiques.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 34 No 1 (2016): Special Issue - RUGC 2016 Liège
The Merit of River Network Topology for Neural Flood Forecasting
Creators: name: Kirschstein, Nikolas
name: Sun, Yixuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Climate change exacerbates riverine floods, which occur with higher frequency and intensity than ever. The much-needed forecasting systems typically rely on accurate river discharge predictions. To this end, the SOTA data-driven approaches treat forecasting at spatially distributed gauge stations as isolated problems, even within the same river network. However, incorporating the known topology of the river network into the prediction model has the potential to leverage the adjacency relationship between gauges. Thus, we model river discharge for a network of gauging stations with GNNs and compare the forecasting performance achieved by different adjacency definitions. Our results show that the model fails to benefit from the river network topology information, both on the entire network and small subgraphs. The learned edge weights correlate with neither of the static definitions and exhibit no regular pattern. Furthermore, the GNNs struggle to predict sudden, narrow discharge spikes. Our work hints at a more general underlying phenomenon of neural prediction not always benefitting from graphical structure and may inspire a systematic study of the conditions under which this happens.
description: https://openreview.net/forum?id=QE6iC9s6vU
CORDEX experiment design for dynamical downscaling of CMIP6
Creators: name: CORDEX
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The COordinated Regional climate Downscaling EXperiment (CORDEX) was implemented under the auspices of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) inorder to improve downscaling techniques and their use in understanding and assessing regional climate change and the provision of robust regional climateinformation for application in vulnerability, impacts, and adaptation (VIA) studies. This experiment design document presents the simulation framework for the dynamical downscaling of global climate projections from the sixth phase of CMIP (CMIP6).
Interfaces and phase suppression in biological systems
Creators: name: Highmore, Roger
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 60103 Cell Development, Proliferation and Death
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60802 Animal Cell and Molecular Biology
subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: We consider how interfaces can influence the early stages of a new phase forming in an existing phase, e.g., diseased or cancerous cells attempting to form in a region of healthy cells. Interfaces can impede formation of new phases by at least two means: through the energetic cost of forming a new interface; and through the time needed to transport atoms and molecules across an interface and incorporate them into the new phase. In the first case there is a thermodynamic nucleation barrier; in the second there is a kinetic limit to the rate at which clusters of new phase can form. The two impediments will in general coexist. We examine how they might affect the emergence, or suppression, of clusters of new cells in biological systems.
Maximising the energetic cost of the interface between cancerous and healthy tissue may be important for inhibiting metastasis, as small clusters attempt to escape from the surface of the parent tumour. Anything that can stabilise the interface between the tumour and healthy tissue, and so inhibit escaping cells, is useful

The thermodynamic and kinetic traits of an interface will depend on both the attributes of the cluster that is trying to grow and the properties of the surrounding tissue. The cluster may experience different interfacial obstacles to survival and growth, depending on the composition of the enveloping matrix.
Enhanced Target Localization with Deployable Multiplatform Radar Nodes Based on Non-Convex Constrained Least Squares Optimization
Creators: name: Aubry, Augusto
name: Braca, Paolo
name: De Maio, Antonio
name: Marino, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A new algorithm for 3D localization in multiplatform radar networks, comprising one transmitter and multiple receivers, is proposed. To take advantage of the monostatic sensor radiation pattern features, ad-hoc constraints are imposed in the target localization process. Therefore, the localization problem is formulated as a non-convex constrained Least Squares (LS) optimization problem which is globally solved in a quasi-closed-form leveraging Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. The performance of the new algorithm is assessed in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) in comparison with the benchmark Cramer Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) and some competitors from the open literature. The results corroborate the effectiveness of the new strategy which is capable of ensuring a lower RMSE than the counterpart methodologies especially in the low Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) regime.
Intentional Deep Overfit Learning (IDOL): A Novel Deep Learning Strategy for Adaptive Radiation Therapy
Creators: name: Chun, Jaehee
name: Park, Justin C.
name: Olberg, Sven
name: Zhang, You
name: Nguyen, Dan
name: Wang, Jing
name: Kim, Jin Sung
name: Jiang, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this study, we propose a tailored DL framework for patient-specific performance that leverages the behavior of a model intentionally overfitted to a patient-specific training dataset augmented from the prior information available in an ART workflow - an approach we term Intentional Deep Overfit Learning (IDOL). Implementing the IDOL framework in any task in radiotherapy consists of two training stages: 1) training a generalized model with a diverse training dataset of N patients, just as in the conventional DL approach, and 2) intentionally overfitting this general model to a small training dataset-specific the patient of interest (N+1) generated through perturbations and augmentations of the available task- and patient-specific prior information to establish a personalized IDOL model. The IDOL framework itself is task-agnostic and is thus widely applicable to many components of the ART workflow, three of which we use as a proof of concept here: the auto-contouring task on re-planning CTs for traditional ART, the MRI super-resolution (SR) task for MRI-guided ART, and the synthetic CT (sCT) reconstruction task for MRI-only ART. In the re-planning CT auto-contouring task, the accuracy measured by the Dice similarity coefficient improves from 0.847 with the general model to 0.935 by adopting the IDOL model. In the case of MRI SR, the mean absolute error (MAE) is improved by 40% using the IDOL framework over the conventional model. Finally, in the sCT reconstruction task, the MAE is reduced from 68 to 22 HU by utilizing the IDOL framework.
Adaptive strategies for route selection en-route in transportation networks
Creators: name: Tai, T. S.
name: Yeung, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine adaptive strategies adopted by vehicles for route selection en-route in transportation networks. By studying a model of two-dimensional cellular automata, we model vehicles characterized by a parameter called path-greediness, which corresponds to the tendency for them to travel to their destinations via the shortest path. The path-greediness of each individual vehicle is updated based on the local traffic conditions, to either keep the vehicle travels via a shorter path in an un-congested region or to explore longer diverted paths in a congested region. We found that the optimal number of steps to trigger an update of path-greediness is dependent on the density of vehicles, and the magnitude of path-greediness increment affects the macroscopic traffic conditions of the system. To better coordinate vehicles in denser networks, the update on the tendency for vehicles to travel via the shorter paths should be gradual and less frequent.
Solanum habrochaites introgression line grafted as rootstock in cultivated tomato maintains growth and improves yield under cold and drought stresses
Creators: name: Damodar Poudyal
name: Muhanad Akash
name: Laxman Khatri
name: Shrestha, Deepa Singh
name: Uptmoor, Ralf
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Grafting tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) onto introgression lines (ILs) derived from S. habrochaites with introgression of a quantitative trait locus (QTL), stm9, for shoot turgor maintainer located on chromosome 9 has been suggested for improving yield under abiotic stresses. However, the physiological and agronomic responses of grafts with IL rootstocks to low root-zone temperature (RZT) and drought stresses are not yet clearly understood. Therefore, recurrent parent (RP) grafted onto IL and donor (D) rootstocks, and self-grafted IL and RP were examined at different combinations of optimal (20°–26°C RZT and well-watered) and suboptimal (10°C RZT and well-watered, and 20°–26°C RZT and cyclic drought) temperatures. Graft combinations were compared with self-grafted controls for dry weights, stomatal conductance (gs), leaf parameters, osmotic adjustment, and stress tolerance index. The RP grafted onto IL rootstocks regulated gs efficiently, retained the green trait, and produced higher biomass than the self-grafted RP. The IL rootstocks improved tolerance of the scion to drought and low RZT. Potential of IL rootstocks for improving tomato production under stressed conditions is discussed.
Interfaces and phase suppression in biological systems
Creators: name: Highmore, Roger
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 60103 Cell Development, Proliferation and Death
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60802 Animal Cell and Molecular Biology
subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: We consider how interfaces can influence the early stages of a new phase forming in an existing phase, e.g., diseased or cancerous cells attempting to form in a region of healthy cells. Interfaces can impede formation of new phases by at least two means: through the energetic cost of forming a new interface; and through the time needed to transport atoms and molecules across an interface and incorporate them into the new phase. In the first case there is a thermodynamic nucleation barrier; in the second there is a kinetic limit to the rate at which clusters of new phase can form. The two impediments will in general coexist. We examine how they might affect the emergence, or suppression, of clusters of new cells in biological systems.
Maximising the energetic cost of the interface between cancerous and healthy tissue may be important for inhibiting metastasis, as small clusters attempt to escape from the surface of the parent tumour. Anything that can stabilise the interface between the tumour and healthy tissue, and so inhibit escaping cells, is useful

The thermodynamic and kinetic traits of an interface will depend on both the attributes of the cluster that is trying to grow and the properties of the surrounding tissue. The cluster may experience different interfacial obstacles to survival and growth, depending on the composition of the enveloping matrix.

Interfaces associated with neurodegenerative illness form when layers of misfolded protein molecules are deposited around cells. Particular nucleation sites might catalyse misfolding of proteins, or stabilise misfolded conformations, to begin formation of insoluble protein layers. Particular combinations of interfacial mobility and deposition geometry may result in plaques that vary in density and which are thus more or less resistant to being removed by natural processes or medical interventions.
Effets du mode de cure sur le comportement des bétons autoplaçants
Creators: name: Salhi, Mohamed
name: Li, Alex
name: Ghrici, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2020

description: Cette étude expérimentale présente l’effet du mode de cure et la durée de cure initiale sur les propriétés des bétons autoplaçants (BAP) à base d’un ciment CEM II-A42.5. Il s’agit d’étudier l’influence du mode de cure sur les propriétés mécanique (résistance à la compression), la vitesse ultrasonique (UPV). Trois rapports Eau/Liant (E/L=0.32,0.38,0.44) ont été utilisés pour avoir trois classes de résistance mécanique. Cinq régimes de cure ont été appliqués sur les BAP en variant la durée et la condition de la conservation des éprouvettes en BAP. Les résultats de la résistance à la compression obtenus montrent qu’une durée de cure de sept jours dans l’eau suivie d’un mûrissement dans le climat chaud (CC) est meilleure en comparant avec les quatre autres régimes de cure. Les résultats montrent bien qu’il y a une bonne relation entre UPV et la résistance à la compression.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 34 No 1 (2016): Special Issue - RUGC 2016 Liège
Traitements des fibres de lin : influence sur l’hydratation d’un composite ciment-lin
Creators: name: Page, J.
name: Khadraoui, F.
name: Boutouil, M.
name: Gomina, M.
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2020

description: Ce travail vise à étudier l’hydratation d’un composite ciment-lin. Plusieurs traitements sont étudiés dans le but de limiter les problèmes d’hydratation connus, tels qu’un enrobage minéral au liant hydraulique (ciment + laitier), un enrobage organique à l’huile de lin et un traitement physique de surface au plasma atmosphérique. Dans un premier temps, une caractérisation des fibres brutes et traitées a été réalisée en termes de densité, de perte au feu et d’absorption d’eau. Les résultats ont montré que les trois traitements ont permis de diminuer significativement l’absorption d’eau des fibres. Ensuite, un protocole expérimental a été mis au point dans le but de récupérer les extractibles des fibres. L’eau contenant ces extractibles a ensuite été introduite dans une pâte de ciment afin de mesurer le temps de prise selon l’essai Vicat. Pour finir, la chaleur d’hydratation de mortiers incorporant des fibres brutes ou traitées a ensuite été mesurée par calorimétrie semi-adiabatique. Les essais ont montré un retard de prise non négligeable des composites cimentaires en présence de fibres brutes. Les traitements d’enrobage ont permis de fortement diminuer l’influence des fibres de lin sur l’hydratation.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 34 No 1 (2016): Special Issue - RUGC 2016 Liège
Beyond freeze-in: Dark Matter via inverse phase transition and gravitational wave signal
Creators: name: Ramazanov, S.
name: Babichev, E.
name: Gorbunov, D.
name: Vikman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel scenario of Dark Matter production naturally connected with generation of gravitational waves. Dark Matter is modelled as a real scalar, which interacts with the hot primordial plasma through a portal coupling to another scalar field. For a particular sign of the coupling, this system exhibits an inverse second order phase transition. The latter leads to an abundant Dark Matter production, even if the portal interaction is so weak that the freeze-in mechanism is inefficient. The model predicts domain wall formation in the Universe, long time before the inverse phase transition. These domain walls have a tension decreasing with time, and completely disappear at the inverse phase transition, so that the problem of overclosing the Universe is avoided. The domain wall network emits gravitational waves with characteristics defined by those of Dark Matter. In particular, the peak frequency of gravitational waves is determined by the portal coupling constant, and falls in the observable range for currently planned gravitational wave detectors.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; matches journal version
Impact of harvesting cleaner fish for salmonid aquaculture assessed from replicated coastal marine protected areas
Creators: name: Halvorsen, Kim Tallaksen
name: Larsen, Torkel
name: Sørdalen, Tonje Knutsen
name: Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn
name: Knutsen, Halvor
name: Olsen, Esben Moland
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Wrasse (Labridae) fisheries have increased markedly in Norway since 2010. Wrasse are being used as cleaner fish in salmonid aquaculture to control sea-lice infestations. However, fundamental knowledge on the demography and abundance of the targeted wrasse populations in Norwegian waters is lacking, and the consequences of harvesting at the current intensity have not been assessed. Here, we compared catch per unit effort (CPUE), size, age and sex ratio of goldsinny wrasse (Ctenolabrus rupestris) and corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops) between marine protected areas (MPAs) and control areas open for fishing at four localities on the Skagerrak coast in Southern Norway. The CPUE of goldsinny larger than the minimum size limit was 33–65% higher within MPAs, while for corkwing three of four MPAs had higher CPUE with the relative difference between MPAs and control areas ranging from −16% to 92%. Moreover, corkwing, but not goldsinny, was significantly older and larger within MPAs than in control areas. Sex ratios did not differ between MPAs and control areas for either species. Our study suggests that despite its short history, the wrasse fisheries have considerable impacts on the target populations and, further, that small MPAs hold promise as a management tool for maintaining natural population sizes and size structure. Goldsinny, being a smaller-sized species, also seems to benefit from the traditional minimum size limit management tool, which applies outside MPAs.
Impact d’un vieillissement fongique sur la durabilité de composites PE/ fibre de lin
Creators: name: Gueguen-Minerbe, Marielle
name: Nour, Issam
name: Moscardelli, Sandrine
name: Davies, Peter
name: Van Schoors, Laetitia
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2020

description: L’utilisation d’agro-ressources ou de co-produits de l’industrie agricole dans les matériaux pour des applications bâtiment est en plein essor afin de limiter leur empreinte écologique. Cependant, ces nouveaux matériaux « verts » ne doivent pas présenter des durabilités inférieures aux matériaux usuels. Il est donc important de pouvoir évaluer la durée de vie de ces nouveaux matériaux bio-sourcés. Afin de déterminer l’impact de moisissures sur les propriétés mécaniques des composites polyéthylène/fibres courtes de lin, des éprouvettes ont été incubées à 30°C et 96±3% HR pendant 3 mois dans trois conditions différentes (stériles, naturelles et ensemencées). Un dénombrement des microorganismes est réalisé ainsi que des essais de traction afin de mesurer l’impact des microorganismes sur les propriétés fonctionnelles des matériaux. Il a ainsi pu être mis en évidence une chute de module élastique et une augmentation de l’allongement à la rupture de ces matériaux suite au développement de moisissures.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 34 No 1 (2016): Special Issue - RUGC 2016 Liège
$f(R)$ gravity in the solar system and cosmological scalarons
Creators: name: Paul, Debojit
name: Kalita, Sanjeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since last two decades $f(R)$ gravity theory has been extensively used as a serious alternative of general relativity to mimic the effects of dark energy. The theory presents a Yukawa correction to Newtonian gravitational potential, acting as a fifth force of Nature. Generally speaking, this new force is mediated by a scalar field known as scalaron. It affects orbital dynamics of test bodies around a central mass. When the scalaron becomes massive $f(R)$ gravity reduces to Newtonian theory in the weak field limit. In this paper we investigate scalaron mass in the solar system through existing measurements of perihelion shift of planets, Cassini's measurement of the Parametrized Post Newtonian parameter and measurement of the Brans-Dicke coupling constant. The scalaron mass is constrained in the range ($9.29\times 10^{-18}-5.64\times 10^{-16}$) eV. Our results are consistent with existing constraints on the theory arising from the environment of the Galactic Center black hole and binary pulsar systems. Scalarons realized in the solar system are reproduced in the radiation era (($0.88-53.89$) sec) of the universe with a time varying scalaron mass.
Double-dome superconductivity under pressure in the V-based Kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = Rb and K)
Creators: name: Zhu, C. C.
name: Yang, X. F.
name: Xia, W.
name: Yin, Q. W.
name: Wang, L. S.
name: Zhao, C. C.
name: Dai, D. Z.
name: Tu, C. P.
name: Song, B. Q.
name: Tao, Z. C.
name: Tu, Z. J.
name: Gong, C. S.
name: Lei, H. C.
name: Guo, Y. F.
name: Li, S. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-pressure electrical transport measurements on the newly discovered V-based superconductors $A$V$_3$Sb$_5$ ($A$ = Rb and K), which have an ideal Kagome lattice of vanadium. Two superconducting domes under pressure are observed in both compounds, as previously observed in their sister compound CsV$_3$Sb$_5$. For RbV$_3$Sb$_5$, the $T_c$ increases from 0.93 K at ambient pressure to the maximum of 4.15 K at 0.38 GPa in the first dome. The second superconducting dome has the highest $T_c$ of 1.57 K at 28.8 GPa. KV$_3$Sb$_5$ displays a similar double-dome phase diagram, however, its two maximum $T_c$s are lower, and the $T_c$ drops faster in the second dome than RbV$_3$Sb$_5$. An integrated temperature-pressure phase diagram of $A$V$_3$Sb$_5$ ($A$ = Cs, Rb and K) is constructed, showing that the ionic radius of the intercalated alkali-metal atoms has a significant effect. Our work demonstrates that double-dome superconductivity under pressure is a common feature of these V-based Kagome metals.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Interfaces and phase suppression in biological systems
Creators: name: Highmore, Roger
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: 60103 Cell Development, Proliferation and Death
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 20406 Surfaces and Structural Properties of Condensed Matter
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 30406 Proteins and Peptides
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: We consider how interfaces can influence the early stages of a new phase forming in an existing phase, e.g., diseased or cancerous cells attempting to form in a region of healthy cells, or misfolded protein molecules attempting to form deposits.
Maximising the energetic cost of the interface between cancerous and healthy tissue may be important for inhibiting metastasis, as small clusters attempt to escape from the surface of the parent tumour. Anything that can stabilise the interface between the tumour and healthy tissue, and so inhibit escaping cells, is useful

Interfaces associated with neurodegenerative illness form when layers of misfolded protein molecules are deposited around cells. Particular nucleation sites might catalyse or 'seed' misfolding of proteins, or stabilise misfolded conformations, to begin formation of insoluble protein layers. Numbers of potential nucleation sites might be reduced if stressed cells are eliminated through apoptosis: it is likely better to remove a few stressed cells than have them remain as nucleation sites for deposits which can grow and damage many cells. Finding compromises that diminish potential nucleation sites without excessive destruction of functioning cells will become more difficult as reserves of healthy cells diminish with increasing age.
Particular combinations of interfacial mobility and deposition geometry may result in plaques that vary in density and which are thus more or less resistant to being removed by natural processes or medical interventions.
Relaxed solutions for incompressible inviscid flows: A variational and gravitational approximation to the initial value problem
Creators: name: Brenier, Yann
name: Moyano, Iván
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following Arnold's geometric interpretation, the Euler equations of an incompressible fluid moving in a domain D are known to be the optimality equation of the minimizing geodesic problem along the group of orientation and volume preserving diffeomorphisms of D. This problem admits a well-established convex relaxation which generates a set of "relaxed", "multi-stream", version of the Euler equations. However, it is unclear that such relaxed equations are appropriate for the initial value problem and the theory of turbulence, due to their lack of well-posedness for most initial data. As an attempt to get a more relevant set of relaxed Euler equations, we address the multi-stream pressure-less gravitational Euler-Poisson system as an approximate model, for which we show that the initial value problem can be stated as a concave maximization problem from which we can at least recover a large class of smooth solutions for short enough times.
Study on properties of liquid ammonia via molecular dynamics simulation based on ABEEMσπ polarisable force field
Creators: name: He, Lan-Lan
name: Zhang, Shi-Yuan
name: Sun, Ting-Ting
name: Chong-Li Zhao
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Yang, Zhong-Zhi
name: Zhao, Dong-Xia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The molecular dynamics simulation has been performed to investigate the charge distribution, structural and dynamical properties of liquid ammonia at 273 K using a polarisable force field of the atom-bond electronegativity equalisation method (ABEEMσπ). One ammonia molecule in this model has eight charge sites, one N atomic site, three H atomic sites, three N–H bond sites and one lone-pair electron site. ABEEMσπ model can present the quantitative site charges of molecular ammonias in liquid and their changing in response to their surroundings. The radial distribution functions and dynamical properties are in fair agreement with the available experimental data. The first peak of gNN(r) appears at N–N distance of ~3.50 ± 0.05 Å where most hydrogen bonds are formed. The average coordination number of the first shell is 13.0 ± 0.1 among which a central ammonia molecule intimately connects 3 ~ 4 ammonia molecules by hydrogen bonds. The power spectrum shows the vibrations of hydrogen bonds. For a reference, a simple estimation of the average hydrogen bonding energy in liquid ammonia is 6.5 ± 0.1 kcal/mol larger than 3.8 ± 0.3 kcal/mol in dimer ammonia. Our simulation results provide more detailed information about liquid ammonia.
Charting the Landscape of Nefarious Uses of Generative Artificial Intelligence for Online Election Interference
Creators: name: Ferrara, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) and Large Language Models (LLMs) pose significant risks, particularly in the realm of online election interference. This paper explores the nefarious applications of GenAI, highlighting their potential to disrupt democratic processes through deepfakes, botnets, targeted misinformation campaigns, and synthetic identities. By examining recent case studies and public incidents, we illustrate how malicious actors exploit these technologies to try influencing voter behavior, spread disinformation, and undermine public trust in electoral systems. The paper also discusses the societal implications of these threats, emphasizing the urgent need for robust mitigation strategies and international cooperation to safeguard democratic integrity.
description: First Monday, 2025
A purely infinite Cuntz-like Banach $*$-algebra with no purely infinite ultrapowers
Creators: name: Daws, Matthew
name: Horváth, Bence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46M07, 46H10, 46H15 (primary), 43A20 (secondary)

description: We continue our investigation, from \cite{dh}, of the ring-theoretic infiniteness properties of ultrapowers of Banach algebras, studying in this paper the notion of being purely infinite. It is well known that a $C^*$-algebra is purely infinite if and only if any of its ultrapowers are. We find examples of Banach algebras, as algebras of operators on Banach spaces, which do have purely infinite ultrapowers. Our main contribution is the construction of a "Cuntz-like" Banach $*$-algebra which is purely infinite, but whose ultrapowers are not even simple, and hence not purely infinite. This algebra is a naturally occurring analogue of the Cuntz algebra, and of the $L^p$-analogues introduced by Phillips. However, our proof of being purely infinite is combinatorial, but direct, and so differs from existing proofs. We show that there are non-zero traces on our algebra, which in particular implies that our algebra is not isomorphic to any of the $L^p$-analogues of the Cuntz algebra.
description: 30 pages. Sections 2 and 3 reorganised. Section 4 about traces and connection with Phillips' $\mathcal{O}_2^p$-algebras added. To appear in the Journal of Functional Analysis