cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
In situ twistronics of van der Waals heterostructures
Creators: name: Yang, Yaping
name: Li, Jidong
name: Yin, Jun
name: Xu, Shuigang
name: Mullan, Ciaran
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Geim, A. K.
name: Novoselov, Konstantin S.
name: Mishchenko, Artem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In van der Waals heterostructures, electronic bands of two-dimensional (2D) materials, their nontrivial topology, and electron-electron interactions can be dramatically changed by a moire pattern induced by twist angles between different layers. Such process is referred to as twistronics, where the tuning of twist angle can be realized through mechanical manipulation of 2D materials. Here we demonstrate an experimental technique that can achieve in situ dynamical rotation and manipulation of 2D materials in van der Waals heterostructures. Using this technique we fabricated heterostructures where graphene is perfectly aligned with both top and bottom encapsulating layers of hexagonal boron nitride. Our technique enables twisted 2D material systems in one single stack with dynamically tunable optical, mechanical, and electronic properties.
title: Universität der Zukunft. Städtebauliche Entwicklung des Campus der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz für ein postpandemisches Studium. Städtebauliche Masterthesis im Wintersemester 2021/22
Creators: name: Knöll, Martin
name: Hopp, Sabine
name: Halblaub Miranda, Marianne
name: Petrovic, Jelena
name: Yuka, Maylin
name: Kramer, Valerie
name: Thierolf, Bastian
name: Birzel, Ivo
name: Tempel, Paula
name: Fax, Jessica
name: Krippner, Laura
name: Kotterer, Benedikt
name: Tang, Ruiqi
name: Knöll, Martin
name: Hopp, Sabine
name: Halblaub Miranda, Marianne
name: Technische Universität Darmstadt, Fachbereich 15 Architektur, Entwerfen Und Stadtplanung
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: Mit dem Wintersemester 2021/22 bereiteten wir uns auf das vierte Digitalsemester nach Ausbruch der Covid-19-Pandemie Anfang 2020 vor. Eine Rückkehr zum Normalbetrieb wird es nicht geben. Nach der Einschätzung vieler Experten steht die Universität an der Schwelle zu einem neuen Zeitalter. 
Wie stellen sich Absolvierende des Fachbereich Architektur das Studieren und das Uni-Leben nach der Pandemie vor? Welche Impulse gehen von der Architektur und Stadtplanung für zukunftssichere, attraktive und lebendige Universitätsstandorte aus? In dieser Master-Thesis werden städtebauliche Konzepte Lösungsansätze für diese Fragen gesucht.
Une note à propos du Jacobien de $n$ fonctions holomorphes à l'origine de $\mathbb{C}^n$
Creators: name: Hickel, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $f_1,...,f_n$ be $n$ germs of holomorphic functions at the origin of $\mathbb{C}^n$ such that $f_i(0)=0$, $1\leq i\leq n$. We give a proof based on the J. Lipman's theory of residues via Hochschild Homology that the Jacobian of $f_1,...,f_n$ belongs to the ideal generated by $f_1,...,f_n$ belongs to the ideal generated by $f_1,...,f_n$ if and only if the dimension ot the germ of common zeos of $f_1,...,f_n$ is sttrictly positive. In fact we prove much more general results which are relatives versions of this result replacing the field $\mathbb{C}$ by convenient noetherian rings $\mathbf{A}$ (c.f. Th. 3.1 and Th. 3.3). We then show a Łojasiewicz inequality for the jacobian analogous to the classical one by S. Łojasiewicz for the gradient.
Testing the Flux-based statistical prediction of the Three-Body Problem
Creators: name: Manwadkar, Viraj
name: Kol, Barak
name: Trani, Alessandro A.
name: Leigh, Nathan W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extensive comparison between the statistical properties of non-hierarchical three-body systems and the corresponding three-body theoretical predictions. We perform and analyze 1 million realizations for each different initial condition considering equal and unequal mass three-body systems to provide high accuracy statistics. We measure 4 quantities characterizing the statistical distribution of ergodic disintegrations: escape probability of each body, the characteristic exponent for escapes by a narrow margin, predicted absorptivity as a function of binary energy and binary angular momentum, and, finally, the lifetime distribution. The escape probabilities are shown to be in agreement down to the 1% level with the emissivity-blind, flux-based theoretical prediction. This represents a leap in accuracy compared to previous three-body statistical theories. The characteristic exponent at the threshold for marginally unbound escapes is an emissivity-independent flux-based prediction, and the measured values are found to agree well with the prediction. We interpret both tests as strong evidence for the flux-based three-body statistical formalism. The predicted absorptivity and lifetime distributions are measured to enable future tests of statistical theories.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures
Graphene Aerogels for Ultrabroadband Thermoacoustics
Creators: name: De Nicola, F.
name: Sarti, S.
name: Lu, B.
name: Qu, L.
name: Zhang, Z.
name: Marcelli, A.
name: Lupi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sound is usually generated in a medium by an electromechanical vibrating structure. The geometrical size and inertia of the structure set the frequency cutoff in the sound-transduction mechanism and, often, different vibrating structures are necessary to cover the whole range from infrasound to ultrasound. An alternative mechanism without any physical movement of the emitter is the thermoacoustic effect, where sound is produced by Joule heating in a conductive material. Here we show that a single thermoacoustic transducer based on a graphene aerogel can emit ultrabroadband sound from infrasound (1 Hz) to ultrasound (20 MHz), with no harmonic distortion. Since conventional acoustic transducers are frequency band limited due to their transduction mechanism, ultrabroadband graphene aerogels may offer a valid alternative to conventional hi-fi loudspeakers, and infrasound and ultrasound transducers.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.08858
Meson decays from string splitting
Creators: name: Bigazzi, F.
name: Cotrone, A. L.
name: Martucci, L.
name: Troost, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss exclusive decays of large spin mesons into mesons in models of large N_c quenched QCD at strong coupling using string theory. The rate of the processes are calculated by studying the splitting of a macroscopic string on the relevant dual gravity backgrounds. We study analytic formulas for the decay rates of mesons made up of very heavy or very light quarks.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures; contribution to the proceedings of the RTN project `Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe' conference in Napoli, October 9 - 13, 2006
Löschen, Behalten, Ersetzen und Vertauschen: Open Science dank abgeleiteter Textformate
Creators: name: Genêt, Philippe
name: Weimer, Lukas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Poster "Löschen, Behalten, Ersetzen und Vertauschen: Open Science dank abgeleiteter Textformate" präsentiert bei der 25. DINI-Jahrestagung am 18.-19. September 2024
title: Evaluating the French sea bass recreational catches using a panel of volunteers
Creators: name: Rocklin, Delphine
name: Levrel, Harold
name: Drogou, Mickaël
name: Herfaut, Johanna
name: Véron, Gérard
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session R
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
The sea and human culture and societies
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Fisheries statistics generally overlook non-commercial fisheries, for which information is difficult to obtain. However, evaluating them is necessary for implementing efficient management plans. Our study assessed the characteristics and catches of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) French recreational fishery, while combining large-scale telephone surveys and fishing diaries filled up by recreational fishers. We observed that numerous fishing gears are used and the typology of the fishery differed when displayed from a boat or from the shore. Moreover, we found differences in catches characteristics depending on the used gear. Our results also showed that half of the total catches was released at sea. We estimated the total sea bass recreational annual catches at 3,173 tonnes, of which 2,345 tonnes were kept, which represents 30% of the total fishing catches on the French Atlantic coasts considering both commercial and recreational fishing. Using volunteer reports was a valuable way to obtain many new information on data-poor fisheries and permitted to underline the importance of evaluating recreational fishing as a part of the total amount of fisheries catches. More studies are critically needed to assess overall fish resources caught in order to develop effective fisheries management tools.
The simplest description of charge propagation in a strong background
Creators: name: Lavelle, Martin
name: McMullan, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploiting the gauge freedom associated with the Volkov description of a charge propagating in a plane wave background, we identify a new type of gauge choice which significantly simplifies the theory. This allows us to develop a compact description of the propagator for both scalar and fermionic matter, in a circularly polarised background. It is shown that many of the usually observed structures are gauge artefacts. We then analyse the full ultraviolet behaviour of the one-loop corrections for such charges. This enables us to identify and contrast the different renormalisation prescriptions needed for both types of matter.
description: 37 pages
Δυναμική Ανάλυση του Κινδύνου:
Creators: name: Τσιώνος, Κωνσταντίνος Ηλία
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Ανάλυση Κινδύνου
Δυναμική
Dynamic Risk Assessment

description: Στην διπλωματική εργασία γίνεται μία επισκόπηση των μεθόδων ανάλυσης του κινδύνου και προτείνεται μία μέθοδος για ποσοτική ανάλυση του κινδύνου σε τεχνικά έργα.
description: In my thesis are described methods for risk assessment while a method is proposed for dynamic risk assessment in civil engineering constructions
Anisotropy driven ultrafast nanocluster burrowing
Creators: name: Süle, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the occurrence of low-energy and low-temperature transient cluster burrowing leading to intact cluster inclusions. In particular, the anomalously fast (ballistic) Pt nanocluster implantation into Al and Ti substrates has been found by molecular dynamics simulations using a tight-binding many-body potential with the 1-5 eV/atom low impact energy. Similar behavior has also been found for many other cluster/substrate couples such as Cu/Al and Ni/Ti, Co/Ti, etc. In particular, in Ni/Ti at already $\sim 0.5$ eV/atom impact energy burrowing takes place. At this few eV/atom low impact energy regime instead of the expected stopping at the surface we find the propagation of the cluster through a thin Al slab as thick as $\sim 50$ $\hboxÅ$ with a nearly constant speed ($\propto 1$ eV/atom). Hence the cluster moves far beyond the range of the impact energy which suggests that the mechanism of cluster burrowing can not be explained simply by collisional cascade effects. In the couples with reversed succession (e.g. Ti/Pt, Al/Pt) no burrowing has been found, the clusters remain on the surface (the asymmetry of burrowing). We argue that cluster penetration occurs at few eV/atom impact energy when the cluster/substrate interaction is size-mismatched and mass anisotropic atomically.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. submitted to Phys. Rev. B, preprint: http://www.mfa.kfki.hu/~sule/papers/cluster.pdf
Quantum Monte Carlo study of a one-dimensional phase-fluctuating condensate
Creators: name: Gils, C.
name: Pollet, L.
name: Vernier, A.
name: Hebert, F.
name: Batrouni, G. G.
name: Troyer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the low temperature behavior of a one-dimensional Bose gas trapped in an optical lattice. For a sufficient number of particles and weak repulsive interactions, we find a clear regime of temperatures where density fluctuations are negligible but phase fluctuations are considerable, i.e., a quasicondensate. In the weakly interacting limit, our results are in very good agreement with those obtained using a mean-field approximation. In coupling regimes beyond the validity of mean-field approaches, a phase-fluctuating condensate also appears, but the phase-correlation properties are qualitatively different. It is shown that quantum depletion plays an important role.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Parametric polariton amplification in semiconductor microcavities
Creators: name: Messin, Gaëtan
name: Karr, Jean-Philippe
name: Baas, Augustin
name: Khitrova, Galina
name: Houdré, Romuald
name: Stanley, Ross P.
name: Oesterle, Ursula
name: Giacobino, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel experimental results demonstrating the coherence properties of the nonlinear emission from semiconductor microcavities in the strong coupling regime, recently interpreted by parametric polariton four-wave mixing. We use a geometry corresponding to degenerate four-wave mixing. In addition to the predicted threshold dependence of the emission on the pump power and spectral blue shift, we observe a phase dependence of the amplification which is a signature of a coherent polariton wave mixing process.
description: 5 pages
Does Logarithm Transformation of Microarray Data Affect Ranking Order of Differentially Expressed Genes?
Creators: name: Li, Wentian
name: Suh, Young Ju
name: Zhang, Jingshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A common practice in microarray analysis is to transform the microarray raw data (light intensity) by a logarithmic transformation, and the justification for this transformation is to make the distribution more symmetric and Gaussian-like. Since this transformation is not universally practiced in all microarray analysis, we examined whether the discrepancy of this treatment of raw data affect the "high level" analysis result. In particular, whether the differentially expressed genes as obtained by $t$-test, regularized t-test, or logistic regression have altered rank orders due to presence or absence of the transformation. We show that as much as 20%--40% of significant genes are "discordant" (significant only in one form of the data and not in both), depending on the test being used and the threshold value for claiming significance. The t-test is more likely to be affected by logarithmic transformation than logistic regression, and regularized $t$-test more affected than t-test. On the other hand, the very top ranking genes (e.g. up to top 20--50 genes, depending on the test) are not affected by the logarithmic transformation.
description: submitted to IEEE/EMBS Conference'06
Ab initio modeling and experimental investigation of Fe$_2$P by DFT and spin spectroscopies
Creators: name: Bonfà, Pietro
name: Isah, Muhammad Maikudi
name: Frandsen, Benjamin A.
name: Gibson, Ethan J.
name: Brück, Ekkes
name: Onuorah, Ifeanyi John
name: De Renzi, Roberto
name: Allodi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fe$_2$P alloys have been identified as promising candidates for magnetic refrigeration at room-temperature and for custom magnetostatic applications. The intent of this study is to accurately characterize the magnetic ground state of the parent compound, Fe$_2$P, with two spectroscopic techniques, $μ$SR and NMR, in order to provide solid bases for further experimental analysis of Fe$_2$P-type transition metal based alloys. We perform zero applied field measurements using both techniques below the ferromagnetic transition $T_C=220~\mathrm K$. The experimental results are reproduced and interpreted using first principles simulations validating this approach for quantitative estimates in alloys of interest for technological applications.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Finite-size scaling on the torus with periodic projected entangled-pair states
Creators: name: Fedorovich, Gleb
name: Devos, Lukas
name: Haegeman, Jutho
name: Vanderstraeten, Laurens
name: Verstraete, Frank
name: Ueda, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient algorithm is constructed for contracting two-dimensional tensor networks under periodic boundary conditions. The central ingredient is a novel renormalization step that scales linearly with system size, i.e. from $L \to L+1$. The numerical accuracy is comparable to state-of-the-art tensor network methods, while giving access to much more data points, and at a lower computational cost. Combining this contraction routine with the use of automatic differentiation, we arrive at an efficient algorithm for optimizing fully translation invariant projected entangled-pair states on the torus. Our benchmarks show that this method yields finite-size energy results that are comparable to those from quantum Monte Carlo simulations. When combined with field-theoretical scaling techniques, our approach enables accurate estimates of critical properties for two-dimensional quantum lattice systems.
$β$-decay of $^{61}$V and its Role in Cooling Accreted Neutron Star Crusts
Creators: name: Ong, W. -J.
name: Brown, E. F.
name: Browne, J.
name: Ahn, S.
name: Childers, K.
name: Crider, B. P.
name: Dombos, A. C.
name: Gupta, S. S.
name: Hitt, G. W.
name: Langer, C.
name: Lewis, R.
name: Liddick, S. N.
name: Lyons, S.
name: Meisel, Z.
name: Möller, P.
name: Montes, F.
name: Naqvi, F.
name: Pereira, J.
name: Prokop, C.
name: Richman, D.
name: Schatz, H.
name: Schmidt, K.
name: Spyrou, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interpretation of observations of cooling neutron star crusts in quasi-persistent X-ray transients is affected by predictions of the strength of neutrino cooling via crust Urca processes. The strength of crust Urca neutrino cooling depends sensitively on the electron-capture and $β$-decay ground-state to ground-state transition strengths of neutron-rich rare isotopes. Nuclei with mass number $A=61$ are predicted to be among the most abundant in accreted crusts, and the last remaining experimentally undetermined ground-state to ground-state transition strength was the $β$-decay of $^{61}$V. This work reports the first experimental determination of this transition strength, a ground-state branching of 8.1$^{+2.2}_{-2.0} \%$, corresponding to a log $ft$ value of 5.5$^{+0.2}_{-0.2}$. This result was achieved through the measurement of the $β$-delayed $γ$ rays using the total absorption spectrometer SuN and the measurement of the $β$-delayed neutron branch using the neutron long counter system NERO at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory at Michigan State University. This method helps to mitigate the impact of the Pandemonium effect in extremely neutron-rich nuclei on experimental results. The result implies that $A=61$ nuclei do not provide the strongest cooling in accreted neutron star crusts as expected by some predictions, but that their cooling is still larger compared to most other mass numbers. Only nuclei with mass numbers 31, 33, and 55 are predicted to be cooling more strongly. However, the theoretical predictions for the transition strengths of these nuclei are not consistently accurate enough to draw conclusions on crust cooling. With the experimental approach developed in this work all relevant transitions are within reach to be studied in the future.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures Copyright by APS Link to publication: https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.262701
Non-anti-commutative deformation of complex geometry
Creators: name: Ketov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well known relation between extended supersymmetry and complex geometry in the non-linear sigma-models is reviewed, and some recent developments related to the introduction of the non-anti-commutativity, in the context of the supersymmetric non-linear sigma-models formulated in extended superspace, are discussed. This contribution is suitable for both physicists and mathematicians interesting in the interplay between geometry, supersymmetry and noncommutativity.
description: contribution to the International Workshop on Noncommutative Geometry and Physics, November 1-4, 2005, Sendai, Japan; 17 pages, LaTeX
On Another Two Cryptographic Identities In Universal Osborn Loops
Creators: name: Jaiyeola, Temitope Gbolahan
name: Adeniran, John Olushola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05, 08A05

description: In this study, by establishing an identity for universal Osborn loops, two other identities(of degrees 4 and 6) are deduced from it and they are recognized and recommended for cryptography in a similar spirit in which the cross inverse property(of degree 2) has been used by Keedwell following the fact that it was observed that universal Osborn loops that do not have the 3-power associative property or weaker forms of; inverse property, power associativity and diassociativity to mention a few, will have cycles(even long ones). These identities are found to be cryptographic in nature for universal Osborn loops and thereby called cryptographic identities. They were also found applicable to security patterns, arrangements and networks which the CIP may not be applicable to.
description: 16 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0802.1429, arXiv:0905.2040
Modeling of the bending of an electroactive polymer strip
Creators: name: Tixier, Mireille
name: Pouget, J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ionic electro-active polymer (Nafion for example) can be used as sensor or actuator. To this end, a thin film of the water-saturated material is sandwiched between two electrodes. Water saturation causes a quasi-complete dissociation of the polymer and the release of small cations. The application of an electric field across the thickness results in the bending of the strip. Conversely, a voltage can be detected between the two electrodes when the strip is bent. This phenomenon involves multiphysics couplings of electro-mechanical-chemical type. We have previously modeled this system and determined its constitutive equations using the thermodynamics of linear irreversible processes.We applied this model to the case of a cantilevered PEA strip subjected to a continuous voltage between its two faces (static case). The applied forces and the tip displacement are calculated using a beam model in large displacements. We have also studied the force to be exercised on the free end to prevent its displacement (blocking force).Numerical simulations were performed in the case of Nafion. We have drawn the profiles of cations concentration, pressure, electric field and potential in the thickness of the strip. These quantities, which are almost constant in the central part of the strip, vary drastically near the electrodes. The obtained values of the tip displacement and the blocking force are in good agreement with the experimental data published in the literature. These two quantities are linear functions of the imposed electrical potential ; the tip displacement varies as the length square, and the blocking force is proportional to the width and inversely proportional to the length.
description: in French
Quantitative Protein Dynamics from Dominant Folding Pathways
Creators: name: Sega, M.
name: Faccioli, P.
name: Pederiva, F.
name: Garberoglio, G.
name: Orland, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theoretical approach to the protein folding problem based on out-of-equilibrium stochastic dynamics. Within this framework, the computational difficulties related to the existence of large time scale gaps in the protein folding problem are removed and simulating the entire reaction in atomistic details using existing computers becomes feasible. In addition, this formalism provides a natural framework to investigate the relationships between thermodynamical and kinetic aspects of the folding. For example, it is possible to show that, in order to have a large probability to remain unchanged under Langevin diffusion, the native state has to be characterized by a small conformational entropy. We discuss how to determine the most probable folding pathway, to identify configurations representative of the transition state and to compute the most probable transition time. We perform an illustrative application of these ideas, studying the conformational evolution of alanine di-peptide, within an all-atom model based on the empiric GROMOS96 force field.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Construction of a far ultraviolet all sky map from an incomplete survey: Application of a deep learning algorithm
Creators: name: Jo, Young-Soo
name: Choi, Yeon-Ju
name: Kim, Min-Gi
name: Woo, Chang-Ho
name: Min, Kyoung-Wook
name: Seon, Kwang-Il
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constructed a far ultraviolet (FUV) all sky map based on observations from the Far Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (FIMS) aboard the Korean microsatellite STSAT-1. For the ~20% of the sky not covered by FIMS observations, predictions from a deep artificial neural network were used. Seven datasets were chosen for input parameters, including five all sky maps of H-alpha, E(B-V), N(HI), and two X-ray bands, with Galactic longitudes and latitudes. 70% of the pixels of the observed FIMS dataset were randomly selected for training as target parameters and the remaining 30% were used for validation. A simple four-layer neural network architecture, which consisted of three convolution layers and a dense layer at the end, was adopted, with an individual activation function for each convolution layer; each convolution layer was followed by a dropout layer. The predicted FUV intensities exhibited good agreement with Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) observations made in a similar FUV wavelength band for high Galactic latitudes. As a sample application of the constructed map, a dust scattering simulation was conducted with model optical parameters and a Galactic dust model for a region that included observed and predicted pixels. Overall, FUV intensities in the observed and predicted regions were reproduced well.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Biomechanical monitoring and machine learning for the detection of lying postures
Creators: name: Caggiari, Silvia
name: Worsley, Peter
name: Payan, Yohan
name: Bucki, Marek
name: Bader, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Pressure mapping technology has been adapted to monitor over prolonged periods to evaluate pressure ulcer risk in individuals during extended lying postures. However, temporal pressure distribution signals are not currently used to identify posture or mobility. The present study was designed to examine the potential of an automated approach for the detection of a range of static lying postures and corresponding transitions between postures.Methods: Healthy subjects (n = 19) adopted a range of sagittal and lateral lying postures. Parameters reflecting both the interactions at the support surface and body movements were continuously monitored. Subsequently, the derivative of each signal was examined to identify transitions between postures. Three machine learning algorithms, namely Na{ï}ve-Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbors and Support Vector Machine classifiers, were assessed to predict a range of static postures, established with a training model (n = 9) and validated with new input from test data (n = 10).Findings: Results showed that the derivative signals provided a means to detect transitions between postures, with actimetry providing the most distinct signal perturbations. The accuracy in predicting the range of postures from new test data ranged between 82%--100%, 70%--98% and 69%--100% for Na{ï}ve-Bayes, k-Nearest Neighbors and Support Vector Machine classifiers, respectively.Interpretation: The present study demonstrated that detection of both static postures and their corresponding transitions was achieved by combining machine learning algorithms with robust parameters from two monitoring systems. This approach has the potential to provide reliable indicators of posture and mobility, to support personalised pressure ulcer prevention strategies.
Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Knuchel Robin
name: Erlic Zoran
name: Gruber Sven
name: Amar Laurence
name: Larsen K Casper
name: Gimenez-Roqueplo Anne-Paule
name: Mulatero Paolo
name: Tetti Martina
name: Pecori Alessio
name: Pamporaki Christina
name: Langton Katharina
name: Peitzsch Mirko
name: Ceccato Filippo
name: Prejbisz Aleksander
name: Januszewicz Andrzej
name: Adolf Christian
name: Remde Hanna
name: Lenzini Livia
name: Dennedy Michael
name: Deinum Jaap
name: Jefferson Emily
name: Blanchard Anne
name: Zennaro Maria-Christina
name: Eisenhofer Graeme
name: Beuschlein Felix
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Supplementary Material "Association of Adrenal Steroids with Metabolomic Patterns in Patients with Primary and Endocrine Hypertension"
From Starspots to Stellar Coronal Mass Ejections -- Revisiting Empirical Stellar Relations
Creators: name: Herbst, Konstantin
name: Papaioannou, Athanasios
name: Airapetian, Vladimir S.
name: Atri, Dimitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upcoming missions, including the James Webb Space Telescope, will soon characterize the atmospheres of terrestrial-type exoplanets in habitable zones around cool K- and M-type stars searching for atmospheric biosignatures. Recent observations suggest that the ionizing radiation and particle environment from active cool planet hosts may be detrimental for exoplanetary habitability. Since no direct information on the radiation field is available, empirical relations between signatures of stellar activity, including the sizes and magnetic fields of starspots, are often used. Here, we revisit the empirical relation between the starspot size and the effective stellar temperature and evaluate its impact on estimates of stellar flare energies, coronal mass ejections, and fluxes of the associated stellar energetic particle events.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (07/11/2020)
The distribution function of dark matter in massive haloes
Creators: name: Wojtak, Radoslaw
name: Lokas, Ewa L.
name: Mamon, Gary A.
name: Gottloeber, Stefan
name: Klypin, Anatoly
name: Hoffman, Yehuda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the distribution function (DF) of dark matter particles in haloes of mass range 10^{14}--10^{15}\Msun. In the numerical part of this work we measure the DF for a sample of relaxed haloes formed in the simulation of a standard \LambdaCDM model. The DF is expressed as a function of energy E and the absolute value of the angular momentum L, a form suitable for comparison with theoretical models. By proper scaling we obtain the results that do not depend on the virial mass of the haloes. We demonstrate that the DF can be separated into energy and angular momentum components and propose a phenomenological model of the DF in the form f_{E}(E)[1+L^{2}/(2L_{0}^{2})]^{-β_{\infty}+β_{0}}L^{-2β_{0}}. This formulation involves three parameters describing the anisotropy profile in terms of its asymptotic values (β_{0} and β_{\infty}) and the scale of transition between them (L_{0}). The energy part f_{E}(E) is obtained via inversion of the integral for spatial density. We provide a straightforward numerical scheme for this procedure as well as a simple analytical approximation for a typical halo formed in the simulation. The DF model is extensively compared with the simulations: using the model parameters obtained from fitting the anisotropy profile, we recover the DF from the simulation as well as the profiles of the dispersion and kurtosis of radial and tangential velocities. Finally, we show that our DF model reproduces the power-law behaviour of phase space density Q=ρ(r)/σ^{3}(r).
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, final version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Silicon Passivation and Photosensitisation Using Organic Monolayers and Light-Harvesting Chromophores
Creators: name: Wood, Ben
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: The work set out in this thesis looks to provide insights into the
 development of thin-film crystalline silicon photovoltaics by: i)
 passivation of silicon using organic

 monolayers, followed by ii) photosensitisation of passivated silicon using
 light-

 harvesting complexes.

 Chapter 1 introduces current trends in energy and photovoltaics, with a
 focus on

 silicon-based solar cells. This serves as the motivation for the project,
 as society

 continues to look for cheaper and more sustainable energy resources.
 Chapter 2 will introduce the key technical concepts explored in this
 thesis, including semiconductor physics, and the analytical methods used
 in this work.

 In chapter 3, silicon wafers are chemically passivated using wet-chemical
 methods. The chlorination-alkylation method is used to form self-assembled
 organic monolayers on the surface of silicon. The fabricated surfaces are
 analysed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to prove successful bonding
 had been achieved. The samples are then analysed using photoluminescence
 techniques to measure the emission and decay spectra of the surfaces,
 indicating the quality of passivation.

 In chapter 4, energy transfer between light-harvesting complexes and
 silicon is

 explored. The aforementioned passivated surfaces are further modified
 through

 coupling reactions in order to form a covalent tether between the silicon
 surface and light-harvesting complexes. Energy transfer is measured via
 fluorescence lifetime imaging spectroscopy.

 In chapter 5, the Langmuir-Blodgett technique is deployed to measure the
 effects of distance dependent energy transfer. Distance between silicon
 and light-harvesting complex can be modified by introducing layers of
 stearic acid spacers. Multiple layers of stearic acid are built upon the
 silicon to control the separation distance between complex and silicon.
 The fluorescence lifetimes are plotted to examine the relationship between
 energy transfer and distance.
Homogenization of large deforming fluid-saturated porous structures
Creators: name: Lukeš, Vladimír
name: Rohan, Eduard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B27, 74Q05, 74F10, 74S05

description: The two-scale computational homogenization method is proposed for modelling of locally periodic fluid-saturated media subjected a to large deformation induced by quasistatic loading. The periodic heterogeneities are relevant to the mesoscopic scale at which a double porous medium constituted by hyperelastic skeleton and an incompressible viscous fluid is featured by large contrasts in the permeability. Within the Eulerian framework related to the current deformed configuration, the two-scale homogenization approach is applied to a linearized model discretized in time, being associated with an incremental formulation. For this, the equilibrium equation and the mass conservation expressed in the spatial configuration are differentiated using the material derivative with respect to a convection velocity field. The homogenization procedure of the linearized equations provides effective (homogenized) material properties are computed to constitute the incremental macroscopic problem. The coupled algorithm for the multiscale problem is implemented using the finite element method. Illustrative 2D numerical simulations of a poroelastic medium are presented including a simple validation test.
Η ευαισθητοποίηση των παιδιών του νηπιαγωγείου για το παιδί με ειδικές ανάγκες μέσω της απλής διδασκαλίας λογοτεχνικών κειμένων
Creators: name: Νεραντζίδου, Ανθούλα Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Παιδιά με Ειδικές ανάγκες
Ενσωμάτωση παιδιών με ειδικές ανάγκες
Συνεκπαίδευση
Kids with Special needs
Integration
Inclusion
Παιδιά ΑΜΕΑ

description: Η παρούσα εργασία αφορά μια προσπάθεια ευαισθητοποίησης των παιδιών σε άτομα με ειδικές ανάγκες μέσω διδασκαλίας λογοτεχνικών κειμένων με ήρωα παιδί με ειδικές ανάγκες. Η έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε σε μια τάξη νηπιαγωγείου, στο οποίο φοιτούσε παιδί με ειδικές ανάγκες. Πρόκειται για μια ποιοτική έρευνα, που το σχέδιο της περιελάμβανε τρεις φάσεις, την προκαταρκτική φάση, τη φάση της διδακτικής παρέμβασης και τη φάση ελέγχου. Για το σκοπό αυτό δημιουργήθηκαν και χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ερωτηματολόγια με τη μορφή συνεντεύξεων. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν ότι η απλή διδασκαλία λογοτεχνικών κειμένων με ήρωα με ειδικές ανάγκες δεν βοηθά στην ενσωμάτωση και συνεκπαίδευση παιδιών με ειδικές ανάγκες. Για να είναι αποτελεσματική η ευαισθητοποίηση των παιδιών σε θέματα ειδικής αγωγής, χρειάζεται τα παιδιά να αποκτήσουν όχι τόσο γενικές γνώσεις, αλλά κυρίως γνώση προσανατολισμένη στη συμπεριφορά και ευκαιρίες για χρήση της γνώσης αυτής. Μία λύση είναι η εφαρμογή διαθεματικών προσεγγίσεων, μέσω project ή θεματικών προσεγγίσεων. Επιπλέον, η ευαισθητοποίηση των παιδιών πρέπει να αρχίζει σε μικρή ηλικία και να συσχετίζονται οι παλιές με νέες γνώσεις. Τέλος, στην προσχολική ηλικία είναι πιο εφαρμόσιμα η χρήση βιβλίων με ήρωες που παρουσιάζουν εμφανή εξωτερικά στοιχεία του προβλήματος τους.
description: The present work concerns an effort for the sensitization of children in persons with special needs through teaching literary texts concerning a child with special needs. The research took place in an order of kindergarten, in which a child with special needs was studying. It is a qualitative research which included three phases, the preliminary phase, the phase of instructive intervention and the phase of control. For this aim, questionnaires with the form of interviews were created and used. The results of research showed that the simple teaching of literary texts concerning a child with special needs does not help in the integration and inclusion of children with special needs. For the sensitization of children on issues on special education to be effective it is necessary that children acquire not so much general knowledge, but mainly knowledge directed in the behaviour and occasions in use of this knowledge. A solution is the application of trandisciplinary approaches, through project or thematic approaches. Moreover, the sensitization of children has to begin in small age so old with new knowledge are connected. Finally, in the preschool age the use of books with heroes that present obvious exterior elements of their problem are more applicable.
description: Συνεργαζόμενα Τμήματα Πανεπιστήμιο Λε Μαν (Maine France, Γαλλία)
Variational approach to the dynamics of dissipative quantum impurity models
Creators: name: Qu, Yi-Fan
name: Stefanini, Martino
name: Shi, Tao
name: Esslinger, Tilman
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
name: Marino, Jamir
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments with quantum simulators using ultracold atoms and superconducting qubits have demonstrated the potential of controlled dissipation as a versatile tool for realizing correlated many-body states. However, determining the dynamics of dissipative quantum many-body systems remains a significant analytical and numerical challenge. In this work, we focus on a dissipative impurity problem as a testbed for new methodological developments. We introduce an efficient non-perturbative framework that combines the superposition of Gaussian states (SGS) variational ansatz with the quantum trajectory approach to simulate open systems featuring a dissipative impurity. Applying this method to a spinful impurity subject to two-body losses and embedded in a bath of noninteracting fermions, we explore the full crossover from weak to strong dissipation regimes. The non-perturbative nature of the SGS ansatz allows us to thoroughly examine this crossover, providing comprehensive insights into the system's behavior. In the strong dissipation regime, our approach reproduces the finding that localized two-body losses can induce the Kondo effect [arXiv:2406.03527], characterized by a slowdown of spin relaxation and an enhancement of charge conductance. Furthermore, we reveal an exotic "reverse conductance" phenomenon at zero potential bias -- a counter-intuitive single-body effect resulting from intermediate dissipation and finite bandwidth. Finally, we investigate the formation of ferromagnetic domains and propose an extension to realize a higher-spin Kondo model using localized dissipation.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Generalized Belief Propagation Algorithms for Decoding of Surface Codes
Creators: name: Old, Josias
name: Rispler, Manuel
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: Quantum Computing Theory in Practice, QCTiP, Cambridge, UK, 17 Apr 2023 - 19 Apr 2023
description: A class of codes which recently received a lot of attention because of their good properties are Quantum Low-Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes. We investigate a Belief Propagation (BP) decoder for such codes and show numerically its success and limitations. We introduce a new, generalized decoder building on region-based free energy approximations. Apart from the original implementation of BP it shows the emergence of a threshold under bit-flip and depolarizing noise for the surface code.
Dwarf Galaxies of the Local Group
Creators: name: Di Stefano, Rosanne
name: Soria, Roberto
name: Primini, F. A.
name: Kong, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: XMM-Newton and Chandra have ushered in a new era for the study of dwarf galaxies in the Local Group. We provide an overview of the opportunities, challenges, and some early results. The large number of background sources relative to galaxy sources is a major theme. Despite this challenge, the identification of counterparts has been possible, providing hints that the same mechanisms producing X-ray sources in larger galaxies are active in dwarf galaxies. A supersoft X-ray source within 2" of the supermassive black hole in M32 may be a remnant of the tidal disruption of a giant, although other explanations cannot be ruled out.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, proceedings for 2004 IAU symposium
A Systematic Mapping Study on Dynamic Metrics and Software Quality
Creators: name: Tahir, Amjed
name: MacDonell, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several important aspects of software product quality can be evaluated using dynamic metrics that effectively capture and reflect the software's true runtime behavior. While the extent of research in this field is still relatively limited, particularly when compared to research on static metrics, the field is growing, given the inherent advantages of dynamic metrics. The aim of this work is to systematically investigate the body of research on dynamic software metrics to identify issues associated with their selection, design and implementation. Mapping studies are being increasingly used in software engineering to characterize an emerging body of research and to identify gaps in the field under investigation. In this study we identified and evaluated 60 works based on a set of defined selection criteria. These studies were further classified and analyzed to identify their relativity to future dynamic metrics research. The classification was based on three different facets: research focus, research type and contribution type. We found a strong body of research related to dynamic coupling and cohesion metrics, with most works also addressing the abstract notion of software complexity. Specific opportunities for future work relate to a much broader range of quality dimensions.
description: Conference, 11 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Planets of Beta Pictoris revisited
Creators: name: Freistetter, Florian
name: Krivov, Alexander V.
name: Löhne, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations have revealed a large variety of structures (global asymmetries, warps, belts, rings) and dynamical phenomena ("falling-evaporating bodies" or FEBs, the "Beta Pic dust stream") in the disc of Beta Pictoris, most of which may indicate the presence of one or more planets orbiting the star. Because planets of Beta Pic have not been detected by observations yet, we use dynamical simulations to find "numerical evidence" for a planetary system. We show that already one planet at 12 AU with a mass of 2 to 5 Mjup and an eccentricity smaller or equal 0.1 can probably account for three major features (main warp, two inner belts, FEBs) observed in the Beta Pic disc. The existence of at least two additional planets at about 25 AU and 45 AU from the star seems likely. We find rather strong upper limits of 0.6 Mjup and 0.2 Mjup on the masses of those planets. The same planets could, in principle, also account for the outer rings observed at 500 - 800 AU.
description: to appear in A&A