Monanchora arbuscula
Creators: name: Ugalde, Diana
name: Fernandez, Julio C. C.
name: Gómez, Patricia
name: Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele
name: Simões, Nuno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Crambeidae
Monanchora
Monanchora arbuscula

description: <i>Monanchora arbuscula</i> (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864) Tables 6, 7; Figs. 47A–F, 58B <b>Synonymy and references:</b> <i>Pandaros arbusculum</i> Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti (1864: 88); <i>Monanchora arbuscula</i>: Gómez (2002: 79), Hajdu <i>et al.</i> (2011: 146), Muricy <i>et al.</i> (2011), Rützler <i>et al.</i> (2014: 64), Pérez <i>et al.</i> (2017: 11), van Soest (2017: 136), and Esteves <i>et al.</i> (2018: 463, in part); <i>Echinostylinos unguiferus</i>, <i>Echinostylinos</i> (?) <i>unguiferus</i>, <i>Monanchora barbadensis</i> [in part], <i>Monanchora unguifera</i>, <i>Monanchora</i> sp. 1, <i>Monanchora</i> sp. 2, <i>Mycale</i> sp., <i>Pandaros arbusculum</i>, <i>Prosuberites scarlatum</i> and <i>Ptilocaulis</i> aff. <i>spiculifer</i>, see references compiled in Esteves <i>et al.</i> (2018: 463). <b>Type locality.</b> St. Thomas (US Virgin Islands). <b>Material examined.</b> CNPGG-1815, Alacranes reef (22.3883°N, - 89.7024°W), 12 m depth, coll. Patricia Gómez, 05 August 2012; CNPGG-1822, Sisal reef (21.43977°N, 90.2866°W), 10 m depth, coll. Diana Ugalde, 22 June 2016; CNPGG-2006, Cayo Nuevo reef (21.8278°N, 92.0773°W), 15 m depth, coll. Diana Ugalde, 18 June 2016; CNPGG-2204, Cayo Arcas reef (20.20183°N, 91.97583°W), 6.4 m depth, coll. Diana Ugalde, 20 August 2018; CNPGG-2271, Triangulos Este reef (20.89765°N, 92.24218°W), 12 m depth, coll. Oscar Bocardo, 11 September 2017; CNPGG-2418, Isla Verde reef (19.19844°N, 96.19844°W), 3.8 m depth, coll. Diana Ugalde, 28 August 2018. <b>Distribution.</b> Mexico (Gómez 2007; current records), Guyana (van Soest 2017), US (Florida), other Caribbean Sea countries, Brazil (Esteves <i>et al.</i> 2018). <b>Remarks.</b> <i>Monanchora arbuscula</i> has been reported in the southern (Gómez 2002, 2007) and northern sector of the GoM (de Laubenfels 1953). Here, recorded again from the southern sector. <i>Monanchora arbuscula</i> has been considered a species complex by Esteves <i>et al.</i> (2018), who proposed three new species from materials then considered to belong in <i>M. arbuscula</i>, <i>viz.</i> <i>M. coccinea</i> Esteves <i>et al</i>, 2018, <i>M. bahamensis</i> Esteves <i>et al</i>, 2018 and <i>M. megasigmifera</i> Esteves <i>et al</i>, 2018. The authors mention that <i>M. arbuscula</i> has a considerable morphological variability, and sometimes the microscleres can be lacking. Our material is represented by specimens with a thin encrusting habit, and microscleres are present (<i>viz.</i>, sigmoid chelae and unguiferate anchorate isochelae), except acanthomicrorhabds, but according to Esteves <i>et al.</i> (2018) the occurrence of acanthomicrorhabds is rare.
description: Published as part of <i>Ugalde, Diana, Fernandez, Julio C. C., Gómez, Patricia, Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele &amp; Simões, Nuno, 2021, An update on the diversity of marine sponges in the southern Gulf of Mexico coral reefs, pp. 1-112 in Zootaxa 5031 (1)</i> on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5031.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5454380
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