cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Timing diagrams and correlations in gamma-ray bursts signal jets from accretion into black holes
Creators: name: McBreen, S.
name: McBreen, B.
name: Quilligan, F.
name: Hanlon, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temporal properties of a sample of 498 bright gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with durations between 0.05 s and 674 s were analysed. The large range in duration (T90) is accompanied by a similarly large range in the median values of the pulse timing properties including rise time, fall time, FWHM and separation between the pulses. Four timing diagrams relating these pulse properties to T90 are presented and show the power law relationships between the median values of the 4 pulse timing properties and T90, but also that the power laws depend in a consistent manner on the number of pulses per GRB. The timing diagrams are caused by the correlated properties of the pulses in the burst and can be explained by a combination of factors including the Doppler boost factor Gamma, a viewing effect caused by a jet and different progenitors. GRBs with similar values of T90 have a wide range in the number of pulses. GRBs with the large number of short and spectrally hard pulses may occur either from a homogeneous jet with a higher average value of Gamma or close to the axis of an inhomogeneous jet with higher values of Gamma near the rotation axis. The less luminous GRBs with fewer pulses may originate further from the axis of the inhomogeneous jet. The pulses in GRBs have six distinctive statistical properties including correlations between time intervals, correlations between pulse amplitudes, an anticorrelation between pulse amplitudes and time intervals, and a link to intermittency in GRS 1915+105. The timing diagrams and correlated pulses suggest that GRBs are powered by accretion processes signalling jets from the formation of black holes.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Imaginative Simulation in the Moral Life
Creators: name: Johnson, Matthew Kuan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: moral philosophy
moral psychology
mental imagery
moral perception
moral epistemology
moral reasoning
moral learning
embodied cognition
virtue
vice
character
weakness of will
akrasia
temptation
thought experiments
trolley problems

description: “Imaginative simulation” refers to our capacity to create, in our mind’s eye and in our bodies, perceptual and experiential states that feel as-if we were encountering those states in reality (such as when we vividly remember certain events from our lives, project ourselves into the first-personal experience of the character in a novel, and so on). My thesis suggests that analytic moral philosophy would benefit from a sustained consideration of the role that imaginative simulation plays in our moral thinking. Indeed, it is because imaginative simulation involves the same critical sensorimotor, perceptual, affective, and conative states as those used in veridical experiences (i.e. there is a “functional equivalence” between the neural states involved in imaginatively simulating being in a situation as in actually experiencing it), that imaginative simulation makes possible certain important forms of moral perception and moral learning. Additionally, because the same crucial processes are involved in imaginative simulation as in actual experience, imaginative simulation can also be used to train and engrain certain (virtuous or vicious) patterns of perception and behaviour. In other words, imaginative simulation allows moral knowledge and thinking to be transformative, and not merely representational. I begin by showing how imaginative simulation, by providing a more “immersed” perspective on moral cases, makes certain crucial forms of moral perception possible, can be used to solve the problem of moral motivation, and can be used in moral development. I then provide an empirically-motivated account of the processes underlying imaginative simulation. Next, I develop a psychological model of imaginative simulation’s role in moral reasoning, and show how it can explain certain puzzling findings in experimental moral psychology and experimental philosophy. This psychological model is then used to show how our moral reasoning can go astray, particularly when using thought experiments, and I provide some guidelines for the use of thought experiments in the development of moral theory. In the final part of the thesis, I show how imaginative simulation provides a new framework for virtue theory and weakness of will.
description: Gates Cambridge Scholarship
Anthomya Robineau-Desvoidy 1830
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Anthomyiidae
Anthomya

description: 28. Anthomya Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 581.
 CURRENT STATUS: Unjustified emendation of Anthomyia Meigen, 1803; junior synonym of Anthomyia Meigen, 1803 [teste Sabrosky (1999: 47)].
FAMILY: ANTHOMYIIDAE.
 REMARKS: Robineau-Desvoidy (1830: 581) listed his spelling Anthomya and Meigen’s spelling Anthomyia together and consistently treated his spelling as valid. Thus we follow Sabrosky (1999: 47) in considering this to be an intentional act by Robineau-Desvoidy and as such an (unjustified) emendation for Anthomyia Meigen, 1803.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on pages 38-39
Cotton Production, Land Use Change and Resource Competition in the Aksu-Tarim River Basin, Xinjiang, China
Creators: name: Kusi Appiah, Michael
name: Feike, Til
name: Wiredu, Alexander Nimo
name: Mamitimin, Yusanjan
name: Kusi Appiah, Michael
name: Feike, Til
name: Wiredu, Alexander Nimo
name: Mamitimin, Yusanjan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: cotton
subject: resource competition
subject: efficient resource allocation
subject: comparative advantage
subject: Xinjiang
subject: China

description: This paper assessed cotton production and land use change (CPLC) and resource competition along the Aksu-Tarim River (ATR) of Xinjiang, China. Trend analysis, correlation analysis, and the Comparative Advantage Indicies (CAI); Efficiency Advantage Index (EAI), Scale Advantage Index (SAI) and Aggregated Advantage Index (AAI) analysis were used in guiding efficient resource allocation for sustainable cotton production; minimize resource competition and conflict in the arid region. The results revealed a relative variation in comparative advantages (CA) in cotton production among upstream and downstream farms, and inside and outside Bingtuan between the years 1989 to 2009. CA for cotton production and agricultural land use area was observed for counties along the upper reaches of the ATR than their counterparts. Furthermore, CPLC were more responsive to policies than market price. Also, human, population, proximity of cotton farms to a water source, and cotton production was the major drivers of land use. Finally, key measures that could impact future sustainable cotton development were discussed based on CAI and ecology.
Pomponia subtilita Lee 2009
Creators: name: Lee, Young June
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Pomponia
Pomponia subtilita

description: 8. Pomponia subtilita Lee, 2009
Pomponia subtilita Lee, 2009b: 313 [TL: Loei, Thailand].
Material examined. 1 male, CAMBODIA, Siem Reap, Kbal Spean, day catch, 28 V 2005, I. Var & P. Grootaert (IRSNB).
Distribution. Cambodia and Thailand.
Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Cambodia.
description: Published as part of Lee, Young June, 2010, A checklist of Cicadidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Cambodia, with two new species and a key to the genus Lemuriana, pp. 19-32 in Zootaxa 2487 on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2487.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/195531
Zentralprojekt des DFG-Schwerpunktprogramms Computational Literary Studies
Creators: name: Pielström, Steffen
name: Helling, Patrick
name: Jung, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Computational Literary Studies
Forschungsdatenmanagement
FDM
Research Data Management
RDM
Digital Humanities
SPP 2207

description: The purpose of the central project is to actively support all research projects in the priority programme, to foster exchange and collaboration and to organize common activities. One of the central project’s focuses is to support and consult all researchers in the programme in questions related to research data management (RDM). Here, the aim is to identify all the heterogeneous requirements of the individual projects and the potential synergies regarding the data and the methods used, to develop common strategies and best practices that may be of interest for the entire field of Computational Literary Studies. For that purpose, the central project is performing programme-wide surveys to thoroughly describe a “landscape of requirements” in the research field. Furthermore, technological and infrastructural developments are constantly monitored to inform the researchers about new possibilities or to offer innovative infrastructural components. The central project is organizing central events, networking opportunities inter-project communication; including general meetings, working groups, workshops and colloquia for PhD candidates. It is also responsible for the external communication of results and developments from within the programme into the wider community, and for including external researchers into the activities of the programme. Finally, the implementation of measures and policies to support early career researchers and to promote gender equality are integral parts of the central project’s responsibilities. DFG Schwerpunktprogramm SPP 2207 "Computational Literary Studies" Online: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/402743989 https://dfg-spp-cls.github.io/ Teilprojekt: "Zentralprojekt des SPP CLS" Online: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/424212012 https://dfg-spp-cls.github.io/about.html
Simultaneous spectral estimation of dephasing and amplitude noise on a qubit sensor via optimally band-limited control
Creators: name: Frey, Virginia
name: Norris, Leigh M.
name: Viola, Lorenza
name: Biercuk, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fragility of quantum systems makes them ideally suited for sensing applications at the nanoscale. However, interpreting the output signal of a qubit-based sensor is generally complicated by background clutter due to out-of-band spectral leakage, as well as ambiguity in signal origin when the sensor is operated with noisy hardware. We present a sensing protocol based on optimally band-limited "Slepian functions" that can overcome these challenges, by providing narrowband sensing of ambient dephasing noise, coupling additively to the sensor along the ${z}$-axis, while permitting isolation of the target noise spectrum from other contributions coupling along a different axis. This is achieved by introducing a finite-difference control modulation, which linearizes the sensor's response and affords tunable band-limited "windowing" in frequency. Building on these techniques, we experimentally demonstrate two spectral estimation capabilities using a trapped-ion qubit sensor. We first perform efficient experimental reconstruction of a "mixed" dephasing spectrum, composed of a broadband $1/f$-type spectrum with discrete spurs. We then demonstrate the simultaneous reconstruction of overlapping dephasing and control noise spectra from a single set of measurements, in a setting where the two noise sources contribute equally to the sensor's response. Our approach provides a direct means to augment quantum-sensor performance in the presence of both complex broadband noise environments and imperfect control signals, by optimally complying with realistic time-bandwidth constraints.
description: 19 pages including supplementary material, 8 figures
The Velocity Distribution of Isolated Radio Pulsars
Creators: name: Arzoumanian, Z.
name: Chernoff, D. F.
name: Cordes, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We infer the velocity distribution of radio pulsars by modelling their birth, evolution, and detection in large-scale 0.4 GHz pulsar surveys, and by comparing model distributions of measurable pulsar properties with survey data using a likelihood function. We test models that characterize a population's birth rate, luminosity, shutoff of radio emission, birth locations, and birth velocities. We infer that the radio beam luminosity (i) is comparable to the energy flux of relativistic particles in models for spin-driven magnetospheres, signifying that radio emission losses reach nearly 100% for the oldest pulsars; and (ii) scales approximately as sqrt(Edot) which, in magnetosphere models, is proportional to the voltage drop available for acceleration of particles. We find that a two-component velocity distribution with characteristic velocities of 90 km/s and 500 km/s is greatly preferred to any one-component distribution. We explore some consequences of the preferred birth velocity distribution: (i) roughly 50% of pulsars in the solar neighborhood will escape the Galaxy, while ~15% have velocities greater than 1000 km/s; (ii) an important low-velocity population exists that increases the fraction of neutron stars retained by globular clusters and is consistent with the number of old objects that accrete from the interstellar medium; (iii) under standard assumptions for supernova remnant expansion and pulsar spin-down, ~10% of pulsars younger than 20 kyr will appear to lie outside of their host remnants. Finally, we comment on the ramifications of our birth velocity distribution for binary survival and the population of inspiraling binary neutron stars relevant to some GRB models and potential sources for LIGO.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, ApJ (in press). Revisions to reflect refereed version include a new sub(sub)section on effects of the 'standard candle" assumption, and a revised Figure 2. Essential results unchanged
Determinants of Awareness and Use ICT-based Market Information Services in Developing-Country Agriculture: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in Kenya
Creators: name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Kirui, Oliver K.
name: Gitonga, Zachary M.
name: Njiraini, Georgina W.
name: Nzuma, Jonathan M.
name: Okello, Julius J.
name: Kirui, Oliver K.
name: Gitonga, Zachary M.
name: Njiraini, Georgina W.
name: Nzuma, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: smallholder farmers
subject: ICT-based MIS
subject: awareness and use
subject: Kenya

description: Access by smallholder farmers to markets has traditionally been constrained by lack of market information. Yet progress in smallholder agriculture is inconceivable without greater market participation. The desire to strengthen farmer access to market has thus resulted in the emergence of many agricultural projects that use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in developing countries over the last decade. These technologies focus on providing market information services (MIS) to farmers. This study uses regression techniques and data collected from 379 smallholder farmers in Kenya to examine the conditioners of awareness and use of ICT-based MIS. The study finds that transaction costs, the characteristics of the area in which ICT-based projects are implemented and farmer endowments with human and financial capital play an important role in smallholder farmers’ awareness, use and/or extent of use of ICT-based MIS projects. It concludes that awareness and the use of ICT-based MIS is driven by farmer, farm and location-specific characteristics as well as various capital endowment factors. The study discusses the implications of these findings for policy and practice.
Absolute Proper Motions to B~22.5: V. Detection of Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Debris in the Direction of the Galactic Anticenter
Creators: name: Dinescu, Dana I.
name: Majewski, Steven R.
name: Girard, Terrence M.
name: Mendez, Rene A.
name: Sandage, Allan
name: Siegel, Michael H.
name: Kunkel, William E.
name: Subasavage, John P.
name: Ostheimer, Jamie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have detected a population of predominantly blue (B-V <= 1.1) stars in the direction l = 167 deg., b = -35 deg. (Kapteyn Selected Area 71) that cannot be accounted for by standard starcount models. Down to V ~ 20, the colors and magnitudes of these stars are similar to those of the southern overdensity detected by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and identified as stripped material from the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy. We present absolute proper motions for the stars in SA 71, and we find that the excess blue stars represent a distinct, kinematically cooler component than the Galactic field, and in reasonable agreement with predictions of Sgr disruption models. The density of the excess SA 71 stars at V ~ 18.8 and B-V <=1.1 is within a factor of two of the density of the SDSS-south Sgr stripped material, and of that predicted by the Helmi and White disruption model. Three additional anticenter fields (SA 29, 45 and 118) show very good agreement with standard starcount models.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJL, accepted for ApJ
Exploring Tanzanian Students’ Experiences and Engagement with English-Language Books in School Library Spaces
Creators: name: Choi, Nard
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: reader response
language policy
school libraries
Tanzanian education

description: The present challenges in the field of literacy and reading in the Tanzanian educational context are complex and multifaceted. A significant body of research attributes many of the difficulties teachers and students face to the language of instruction policies that prioritise English when it is not the dominant language used at home. Schools also heavily depend on books donations from North America and the UK to provide English-language books for students, which often do not reflect the cultural backgrounds or experiences of young readers. Consequently, scholars have expressed concerns that book donations continue to reinforce not only the imperialistic hegemony of the English language in postcolonial settings, but also Western, English-speaking culture. While my study recognises the fraught political and ideological foundations of these concerns, the study also establishes that there is a complete impasse between recommendations made by research and the existing systemic structures that shape the realities of students. Therefore, this qualitative study explores the perspectives and meaning-making processes of students reading English-language books in the setting of the private English-medium school in order to attend to the contextually-specific experiences of young readers. Theories of literacy as a social practice and reader-response theory inform the study’s enquiry into Tanzanian students’ perspectives about reading and how they draw meaning from English-language texts. The study gathered data using the methods of observation, photography and collage making, reading group discussions, and personal interviews in order to present a socioculturally situated analysis of the students’ reading experiences. Findings from the study indicate that the students’ attitudes about reading are embedded in the priorities of learning English and reading for predominantly instrumental purposes. However, the research also finds that the prioritisation of English stems from the systemic structures of the Tanzanian education system rather than an elevation of Western culture. The students’ responses additionally demonstrate how they actively constructed their role as readers in relation to their personal ambitions and the literacy practices established by wider sociocultural understandings of texts. The insights from the study may provide guidance for schools and literacy initiatives to promote reading in ways that build upon young readers’ existing understandings and approaches to texts and that reflect their priorities and motivations for reading. The study may also provide a research model that can be adapted for conducting similar in-depth research into the nuances and multi-layered complexities of reading and literacy in the postcolonial African context.
Graph Convolutional Networks for Road Networks
Creators: name: Jepsen, Tobias Skovgaard
name: Jensen, Christian S.
name: Nielsen, Thomas Dyhre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning techniques for road networks hold the potential to facilitate many important transportation applications. Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) are neural networks that are capable of leveraging the structure of a road network by utilizing information of, e.g., adjacent road segments. While state-of-the-art GCNs target node classification tasks in social, citation, and biological networks, machine learning tasks in road networks differ substantially from such tasks. In road networks, prediction tasks concern edges representing road segments, and many tasks involve regression. In addition, road networks differ substantially from the networks assumed in the GCN literature in terms of the attribute information available and the network characteristics. Many implicit assumptions of GCNs do therefore not apply. We introduce the notion of Relational Fusion Network (RFN), a novel type of GCN designed specifically for machine learning on road networks. In particular, we propose methods that outperform state-of-the-art GCNs on both a road segment regression task and a road segment classification task by 32-40% and 21-24%, respectively. In addition, we provide experimental evidence of the short-comings of state-of-the-art GCNs in the context of road networks: unlike our method, they cannot effectively leverage the road network structure for road segment classification and fail to outperform a regular multi-layer perceptron.
description: Ten-page pre-print version of a four-page ACM SIGSPATIAL 2019 poster paper
Araba Robineau-Desvoidy 1830
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Araba

description: 31. Araba Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 127.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Tachina fastuosa Meigen, 1824; Araba philanthi Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; Tachina argyrocephala Meigen, 1824; Araba minuta Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; Musca leucocephala Rossi, 1790 (as “ Tachina leucocephala. Meig.”); Araba obscura Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; Araba assimilis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; Araba squamipallens Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; Araba grisea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; Araba fulva Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830.
 TYPE SPECIES: Tachina argyrocephala Meigen, 1824, automatic [by designation of the same species (by original designation of Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 88) for Arabella Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863].
 CURRENT STATUS: Junior synonym of Metopia Meigen, 1803 [teste Pape (1996: 97)].
FAMILY: SARCOPHAGIDAE.
 REMARKS: To make the genus-group name orthography conform in a more euphonious manner with his French vernacular for the genus (“Arabette”), Robineau-Desvoidy (1863b: 88) changed the spelling of his 1830 Araba to Arabella (an unjustified emendation for Araba) and designated a type species for Arabella (see also No. 32, Arabella below).
 EMENDATIONS: Arabella Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 88 (unjustified).
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on pages 39-40
Quantifying the Impact of Cognitive Biases in Question-Answering Systems
Creators: name: Burghardt, Keith
name: Hogg, Tad
name: Lerman, Kristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crowdsourcing can identify high-quality solutions to problems; however, individual decisions are constrained by cognitive biases. We investigate some of these biases in an experimental model of a question-answering system. In both natural and controlled experiments, we observe a strong position bias in favor of answers appearing earlier in a list of choices. This effect is enhanced by three cognitive factors: the attention an answer receives, its perceived popularity, and cognitive load, measured by the number of choices a user has to process. While separately weak, these effects synergistically amplify position bias and decouple user choices of best answers from their intrinsic quality. We end our paper by discussing the novel ways we can apply these findings to substantially improve how high-quality answers are found in question-answering systems.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Hydraulic fracturing and water resources
Creators: name: Muehlenbachs, Lucija
name: Olmstead, Sheila
name: Muehlenbachs, Lucija
name: Olmstead, Sheila
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Hydraulic Fracturing
subject: Shale Gas Development
subject: Water

description: The potential for impacts on water resources is often recognized as an important issue when shale gas development is discussed. Potential and significant impacts on groundwater and surface water resources might arise by wellbores traversing drinking-water aquifers, the use of significant water inputs, and the generation of large wastewater streams. Water withdrawals for energy development could reduce instream flows in rivers and streams, or reduce groundwater levels, diminishing ecosystem services—such as species habitat, recreation, and pollution assimilation— and reducing water available for other diverted uses. Water pollution from shale gas development could reduce or degrade the quality of available resources for uncompensated downstream users who divert water from shared rivers and streams, or users of a common aquifer. Accidental releases are one avenue for these impacts. Liquid waste treatment and disposal is another. Recent research is beginning to shed more light to better inform public concerns.
Arabella Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Eunicida
Oenonidae
Arabella

description: 32. Arabella Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 88.
 CURRENT STATUS: Preoccupied by Grube, 1850; unjustified emendation of Araba Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; junior synonym of Metopia Meigen, 1803 [teste Pape (1996: 97)].
FAMILY: SARCOPHAGIDAE.
 REMARKS: Arabella was proposed by Robineau-Desvoidy (1863b: 88) as a new spelling (= unjustified emendation) for his Araba of 1830 when he, for reasons of euphony, changed the vernacular name from “Arabette” to “Arabelle”.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 40
Conformal $n$-point functions in momentum space
Creators: name: Bzowski, Adam
name: McFadden, Paul
name: Skenderis, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Feynman integral representation for the general momentum-space scalar $n$-point function in any conformal field theory. This representation solves the conformal Ward identities and features an arbitrary function of $n(n-3)/2$ variables which play the role of momentum-space conformal cross-ratios. It involves $(n-1)(n-2)/2$ integrations over momenta, with the momenta running over the edges of an $(n-1)$-simplex. We provide the details in the simplest non-trivial case (4-point functions), and for this case we identify values of the operator and spacetime dimensions for which singularities arise leading to anomalies and beta functions, and discuss several illustrative examples from perturbative quantum field theory and holography.
description: 8 pp, 4 figs; v3: published version
Additional file 2 of Associations between abdominal obesity indices and diabetic complications: Chinese visceral adiposity index and neck circumference
Creators: name: Wan, Heng
name: Wang, Yuying
name: Xiang, Qian
name: Fang, Sijie
name: Chen, Yi
name: Chen, Chi
name: Zhang, Wen
name: Zhang, Haojie
name: Xia, Fangzhen
name: Wang, Ningjian
name: Lu, Yingli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Associations between adiposity phenotype indices and the prevalence of diabetic complications without adjusting for BMI. Table S2. Associations between the quartiles of the abdominal obesity indices and the prevalence of CVD. Table S3. Associations between the quartiles of the abdominal obesity indices and the prevalence of DKD. Table S4. Associations between the quartiles of the abdominal obesity indices and the prevalence of DR.
Adaptive Economics: A neuroethological approach to the study of preferences, biases, and choice
Creators: name: Bujold, Philipe Mathurin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Decision-making
Primates
Neuroeconomics
Neuroethology
Economics
Animal behaviour
Risk preferences

description: A neuron's curse is that at every given time, with the information available to it, it must choose to either send a signal to its neighbouring cells or remain silent. It has evolved to be the optimal decision unit and, together with around 86 billion of its neighbours, the neuron keeps us alive, helps us cooperate, and allows us to successfully compete with others when resources get scarce. Yet, we, being collections of these neurons, still struggle to describe how these individual decision-makers support the broader process that is human decision-making. Traditionally, decision theory has sought to understand human choices by relying more on mathematics than biology. This has led to the general assumption that decision-makers behave ‘as-if’ guided by mathematical rules and algorithms that are mostly static over time. In reality, however, decision-making relies on a brain that, due to its limited capacity, has evolved the ability for flexible and dynamic cognition. The experiments presented in this thesis, build on dichotomies in human behaviour that cannot be explained by traditional economic models - first replicating these findings in rhesus macaques, then addressing the neurobiological algorithms that could reconcile these dichotomies. Specifically, I looked at the effects of different reward ranges, different levels of risk, and different experimental paradigms in shaping the way monkeys made choices. I demonstrate that, far from having the stable and fixed preferences prescribed by economic models, rhesus macaques appear to flexibly adapt their choice preferences in a way that optimizes their decision-making given their experience with the task at hand. I then elaborate on the neurobiological basis for preference adaptation, and show how incorporating simple, dynamic algorithms into economic choice models improves their predictive power. Taken together, my results demonstrate the need for, and advantage of, integrating neuroethological thought into the current framework of decision theory.
description: This work was made possible by funding from the European Research Council and the Wellcome Trust.
MOESM2 of Assessing peer review pattern and the effect of face-to-face and mobile-mediated modes on studentsâ academic writing development
Creators: name: Farahani, Ali
name: Nemati, Majid
name: Montazer, Mostafa Nazari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. A sample of peerâ s comments in FFPR
Nash Equilibrium Tariffs in a Dynamic Stochastic Game: An Application to US and EC Strategic Decisions
Creators: name: Karp, Larry
name: Karp, Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agribusiness
Financial Economics
Public Economics

description: Polley making involves dynamics, uncertainty, and strategy, which (although they overlap) can be regarded as separate aspects of the decision maker's problem. Analyzing equilibrium pohc1es (when all considerations are present) and determining how the equilibrium is altered (when one or more aspects ts ignored) are made possible by having an analytical tool that nests dynamics, uncertainty, and strategy and pernuts them to be included in the model in any combination. A tractable dynamic stochastic game (which is such a tool) 1s discussed, and its merits are mdtcated by means of an example of strategic tanff and tax pohc1es involving the USA and European Community.
Effects of spin and exchange interaction on the Coulomb-blockade peak statistics in quantum dots
Creators: name: Alhassid, Y.
name: Rupp, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a closed expression for the linear conductance through a quantum dot in the Coulomb-blockade regime in the presence of a constant exchange interaction. With this expression we calculate the temperature dependence of the conductance peak-height and peak-spacing statistics. Using a realistic value of the exchange interaction, we find significantly better agreement with experimental data as compared with the statistics obtained in the absence of an exchange interaction.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, revtex4, typos corrected
Logit Analysis for Profit Maximizing Loan Classification
Creators: name: Watt, David L.
name: Mortensen, Timothy L.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Watt, David L.
name: Mortensen, Timothy L.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: farm
subject: financial
subject: logistic regression
subject: loan delinquency

description: Lending criteria and loan classification methods are developed. Rating system breaking points are analyzed to present a method to maximize loan revenues. Financial characteristics of farmers are used as determinants of delinquency in a multivariate logistic model. Results indicate that debt-to-asset and operating ration are most indicative of default.
Purana parvituberculata Kos & Gogala 2000
Creators: name: Lee, Young June
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Purana
Purana parvituberculata

description: 9. Purana parvituberculata Kos & Gogala, 2000
Purana parvituberculata Kos & Gogala, 2000: 22 [TL: Luang Prabang, Laos].
Material examined. 1 male, CAMBODIA, Siem Reap, Kbal Spean, day catch, 28 V 2005, I. Var & P. Grootaert (IRSNB).
Distribution. Laos and Cambodia.
Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Cambodia.
description: Published as part of Lee, Young June, 2010, A checklist of Cicadidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Cambodia, with two new species and a key to the genus Lemuriana, pp. 19-32 in Zootaxa 2487 on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2487.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/195531
Additional file 1: of To cross or not to cross â thrushes at the German North Sea coast adapt flight and routing to wind conditions in autumn
Creators: name: Brust, Vera
name: Michalik, Bianca
name: HĂźppop, Ommo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1 Results of the initial CoxPH model investigating the influence of weather parameters on individual onsets of flights. Table S2 Result of the initial binomial GLM investigating the effect weather and stopover parameters on individual flight routes. (DOCX 17 kb)
Radial Velocity Studies of Close Binary Stars.V
Creators: name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Lu, W.
name: Mochnacki, S. W.
name: Stachowski, W. Ogloza G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radial-velocity measurements and sine-curve fits to the orbital velocity variations are presented for the fifth set of ten close binary systems: V376 And, EL Aqr, EF Boo, DN Cam, FN Cam, V776 Cas, SX Crv, V351 Peg, EQ Tau, KZ Vir. All systems are double-lined spectroscopic contact binaries (KZ Vir may be a low inclination, close, non-contact binary), with seven (all except EL Aqr, SX Crv and EQ Tau) being the recent photometric discoveries of the Hipparcos satellite project. The most interesting object is SX Crv, a contact system with an unprecedently low mass ratio, q=0.066+/-0.003, whose existence challenges the current theory of tidal stability of contact systems. Several of the studied systems are prime candidates for combined light and radial-velocity synthesis solutions.
description: aastex5.0, 3 figures in PS; submitted to Astron.J
Hyperon scalar form factors
Creators: name: Barros, C. C.
name: Robilotta, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the long range part of the hyperon form factors and their contribution to elastic pion-hyperon scattering.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Scalar Self-force for High Spin Black Holes
Creators: name: Compère, Geoffrey
name: Fransen, Kwinten
name: Hertog, Thomas
name: Liu, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We semianalytically investigate the scalar self-force experienced in the final stages of extreme mass ratio inspirals of nonspinning scalar particles into supermassive nearly extremal Kerr black holes. We exploit the near-horizon conformal symmetry to find the self-force for general corotating equatorial geodesics. The angular component of the self-force is shown to be universal at leading order in the high spin limit. We verify that the energy and angular momentum losses of the scalar particle match with the asymptotic fluxes of scalar radiation. In particular, we relate the previously described persistent oscillations in the asymptotic energy and angular momentum fluxes with the local self-force. Such oscillations arise from traveling waves that prevent the near-horizon and the asymptotic region to fully decouple in the extremal limit. Conformal invariance is therefore reduced to discrete scale invariance with associated logarithmic periodicity.
description: 41 pages, 18 figures, published version
Purana pigmentata Distant 1905
Creators: name: Lee, Young June
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Purana
Purana pigmentata

description: 10. Purana pigmentata Distant, 1905
Purana pigmentata Distant, 1905c: 555 [TL: Bangkok, Siam; Cambodia; Lakhon, Cochin China]; Distant, 1906b: 51; Distant, 1912: 40; Metcalf, 1963a: 469; Sanborn et al., 2007: 12; Boulard, 2008a: 44; Lee, 2008: 11.
Distribution. S. Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand.
description: Published as part of Lee, Young June, 2010, A checklist of Cicadidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Cambodia, with two new species and a key to the genus Lemuriana, pp. 19-32 in Zootaxa 2487 on page 22, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2487.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/195531
Landau quantum systems: an approach based on symmetry
Creators: name: Negro, J.
name: del Olmo, M. A.
name: Rodriguez-Marco, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Landau quantum systems (or integer quantum Hall effect systems) in a plane, sphere or a hyperboloid, can be explained in a complete meaningful way from group-theoretical considerations concerning the symmetry group of the corresponding configuration space. The crucial point in our development is the role played by locality and its appropriate mathematical framework, the fiber bundles. In this way the Landau levels can be understood as the local equivalence classes of the symmetry group. We develop a unified treatment that supplies the correct geometric way to recover the planar case as a limit of the spherical or the hyperbolic quantum systems when the curvature goes to zero. This is an interesting case where a contraction procedure gives rise to nontrivial cohomology starting from a trivial one. We show how to reduce the quantum hyperbolic Landau problem to a Morse system using horocyclic coordinates. An algebraic analysis of the eigenvalue equation allow us to build ladder operators which can help in solving the spectrum under different boundary conditions.
description: LaTeX2e, 32 pages, 10 figures
Argyrella Robineau-Desvoidy 1863
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Myrtales
Melastomataceae
Argyrella

description: 35. Argyrella Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 87.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Argyrella dissimilis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863; Argyrella festinans Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863.
 TYPE SPECIES: Argyrella dissimilis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863 [= Tachina argyrocephala Meigen, 1824], by subsequent designation (Townsend, 1916: 6).
 CURRENT STATUS: Junior synonym of Metopia Meigen, 1803 [teste Pape (1996: 97)].
FAMILY: SARCOPHAGIDAE.
 REMARKS: An earlier type-species designation by Coquillett (1910: 509) of Musca leucocephala Rossi, 1790 is invalid as it was not an originally included species. Coquillett may have been misled that it was an originally included species since Robineau-Desvoidy (1863b: 87) mentioned in the note under Argyrella dissimilis “semblable à l’ Arg. leucocephala ”, but this is in reference to “ Argyria leucocephala ” and not a species in Argyrella.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 40
Large Gauge Transformations and Black Hole Entropy
Creators: name: Haco, Sasha
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Black holes
entropy
symmetries
Information Paradox

description: Diffeomorphisms in general relativity can act non-trivially on the boundary of spacetimes. Of particular importance are the $\textit{BMS group}$ of transformations, originally found by Bondi, Metzner, van der Burg and Sachs. They describe the symmetries of asymptotically flat spacetimes. We first consider symmetries such as these that act non-trivially at null infinity. We look in detail at the BMS group and then describe the conformal symmetries of asymptotically flat spacetime. These represent an extension of the BMS group that we call the $\textit{conformal BMS group}$. Second, we explore the action of these large diffeomorphisms in the context of black holes. The emergence of Virasoro algebras as the asymptotic symmetry algebras of black hole spacetimes suggests a fundamental link to conformal field theory. For the case of the generic Kerr black hole, we hypothesize that the black hole is itself a thermal conformal field theory which transforms under a Virasoro action. A set of infinitesimal ${\rm Virasoro_{\,L}}\otimes{\rm Virasoro_{\,R}}$ diffeomorphisms are presented which act non-trivially on the horizon. Using the covariant phase space formalism, we can construct the corresponding surface charges on the black hole horizon and find the central terms in their algebras. Ambiguities in the construction of the charges allow for the addition of extra terms. Wald and Zoupas have provided a general framework for these counterterms, although the precise form is left undetermined. In computing the horizon charges, certain obstructions to the integrability and associativity of the charge algebra arise, calling for some counterterm to be used. A consistent counterterm is found that removes these obstructions and gives rise to central charges $c_L=c_R=12J$. On the assumption that there exists a quantum Hilbert space on which these charges generate the symmetries, one can use the Cardy formula to compute the entropy of the conformal field theory. This Cardy entropy turns out to be exactly equal to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, providing a potential microscopic interpretation for this macroscopic area-entropy law. The results are generalised to the Kerr-Newman black hole with the addition of charge.
Accident Risk Prediction based on Heterogeneous Sparse Data: New Dataset and Insights
Creators: name: Moosavi, Sobhan
name: Samavatian, Mohammad Hossein
name: Parthasarathy, Srinivasan
name: Teodorescu, Radu
name: Ramnath, Rajiv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reducing traffic accidents is an important public safety challenge, therefore, accident analysis and prediction has been a topic of much research over the past few decades. Using small-scale datasets with limited coverage, being dependent on extensive set of data, and being not applicable for real-time purposes are the important shortcomings of the existing studies. To address these challenges, we propose a new solution for real-time traffic accident prediction using easy-to-obtain, but sparse data. Our solution relies on a deep-neural-network model (which we have named DAP, for Deep Accident Prediction); which utilizes a variety of data attributes such as traffic events, weather data, points-of-interest, and time. DAP incorporates multiple components including a recurrent (for time-sensitive data), a fully connected (for time-insensitive data), and a trainable embedding component (to capture spatial heterogeneity). To fill the data gap, we have - through a comprehensive process of data collection, integration, and augmentation - created a large-scale publicly available database of accident information named US-Accidents. By employing the US-Accidents dataset and through an extensive set of experiments across several large cities, we have evaluated our proposal against several baselines. Our analysis and results show significant improvements to predict rare accident events. Further, we have shown the impact of traffic information, time, and points-of-interest data for real-time accident prediction.
description: In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGSPATIAL, International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems (2019). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1906.05409