Caliothrips tongi Mound, Zhang & Bei, 2011, sp. n.
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence A.
name: Zhang, Hongrui
name: Bei, Yawei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Thripidae
Caliothrips
Caliothrips tongi

description: Caliothrips tongi sp. n.
Female macroptera. Body dark brown (Fig. 1), tarsi yellow, tibiae yellow with variable brown area medially, fore femora yellow distally, antennal segments III–V largely yellow with apices light brown; fore wing dark with two pale areas, sub-basal pale area short, apical dark area shorter than distal pale area (Fig. 5), clavus mainly pale; first vein with one sub-basal and one apical setae dark, second vein with 2 setae dark.
Antennae 8-segmented (Fig. 10); III–IV with strongly constricted apical neck, sensoria forked, on III extending scarcely beyond base of IV, on IV extending to mid-point of V; microtrichia absent on III, VI, and dorsal surface of IV, present on ventral surface of IV and both surfaces of V; VIII much longer than VII. Head wider than long; cheeks convex, constricted to weak basal neck; vertex reticulate with markings inside the reticles, the margins of one row of submarginal reticles forming a transverse ridge (Fig. 2); three pairs of long pale postocular setae.
Pronotum, mesonotum and metanotum reticulate with many markings inside each reticle, setae long and pale; median metanotal setae wide apart and far from anterior margin (Fig. 3). Mesothoracic furca without spinula; metathoracic furca long and lyre-shaped, extending to mesothorax (Fig. 9). Hind coxae each with prominent internal coiled apodeme; tarsi long, 1-segmented. Fore wing first vein with about 5 setae at base, 2 setae near apex; second vein with 5 or 6 setae; posteromarginal cilia strongly wavy; clavus with 4 veinal but no discal setae.
FIGURES 6–10. Caliothrips species. (6) C. tongi, tergites IV–V. (7) C. fasciatus, tergites IV–V. (8) C. tongi, tergites VIII–X. (9) C. tongi, male ventral surface. (10) C. tongi, antenna.
Abdominal tergites I–VIII posterior margin with craspedum medially, forming long teeth laterally; median area of tergites reticulate, with one pair of minute setae, lateral reticulation longitudinal (Fig. 6); IX with no campaniform sensilla; X with median split complete (Fig. 8). Sternites II–VII with 3 pairs of marginal setae anterior to broad craspedum.
Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1250. Head, length 85; maximum width 160; pair II postocular setae 30. Pronotum, length 115; maximum width 210. Metanotal median setae length 30. Forewing length 680. Abdominal tergite IV median setae 6; tergite IX 80, median setae 50, lateral setae 90; tergite X 60, terminal setae 50. Antennal segments III–VIII length, 50, 45, 35, 25, 12, 30.
Male macroptera. Colour and sculpture similar to female but smaller and more slender; tergite IX median discal setae shorter and stouter than posterior and midlateral pairs; sternites III–VII with slender transverse pore plate (Fig. 9).
Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 1000. Forewing length 550. Tergite IX, setae S1 30; S2 40; S3 30. Pore plate width, sternite IV 75; sternite VII 60.
Material studied. Holotype female: CHINA, Zhejiang Province, Cangnan County (27°31'34.45''N, 120°25'55.75''E), from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) at 753 m, 25.viii.2009 (Bei Yawei), in Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming.
Paratypes: 22 females, 7 males collected with holotype (deposited in Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming; Academy of Sciences, Beijing; South China Agricultural University, Guangdong; Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, Hangzhou; Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra); Fujian Province, Wuyi Mountain (27°38'N, 117°56'E), 1 female from unknown plant, 16.viii.1984 (Zhang Wei-qiu), South China Agricultural University, Guangdong.
Comments. This new species is distinct within the genus Caliothrips because of the transverse ridge across the vertex (Fig. 2), moreover, the median areas of the abdominal tergites are distinctly reticulate (Fig. 6). These two character states readily distinguish the new species from C. fasciatus (Figs 4, 7). Moreover, the apical dark area and the sub-basal pale band of the fore wing of C. tongi are both considerably shorter than in C. fasciatus. Using the key to species in Wilson (1975), C. tongi will run to the eastern North American cinctipennis, but that species has the head with uniform reticulation, and the males have small circular sternal pore plates.
The head of Caliothrips species typically has parallel-sided cheeks, and the sculpture on the vertex is uniform in appearance including the posterior margin, unlike C. tongi. However, the following species exhibit an increasing tendency for the cheeks to be convex: sudanensis, insularis, helini. The first of these has the sculptured reticles on the vertex uniform in shape. In contrast, helini not only has the cheeks distinctly convex, but has a weakly differentiated band of reticles near the posterior margin, although this is not as sharply prominent as in tongi.
The only other species of Caliothrips recorded from China is C. indicus, from Yunnan and Guangdong (Han, 1997). The record of this species also requires confirmation through further field collections, as it is a potential pest of soy beans.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence A., Zhang, Hongrui & Bei, Yawei, 2011, Caliothrips tongi sp. n. (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from China, and a dubious record of North American Bean Thrips, pp. 57-62 in Zootaxa 2736 on pages 58-61, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276576