cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Development of an automation concept for complex process machines under the aspects of low cost automation and lean management
Creators: name: Besiroglu, Jürgen
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Production System
subject: Lean Management
subject: Low Cost Automation
subject: Visual Factory
subject: Toyota

description: The continuously focusing on cost and investment reduction, profit increase, efficiency improvements and chasing for market shares within the automotive world leads to a change in the perspective, approaches and mind set for production systems. With the revolutionary development of the Toyota Production System with its lean management aspects and approaches, it became to a prime example of efficiency and productivity within the automotive industry. Despite of following the Toyota Production System with its lean approach, still various manufacturing companies have to deal with high complexity and sophistication one side and investment reduction and efficiency improvement on the other side. This thesis concentrates on both aspects. The investment and life cycle cost reduction under the consideration and integration of the following criteria, usage of own expertise, integration of low cost components and implementation by own people. And efficiency and productivity improvement by involvement of flexible and simple automation with low grade of automation, a clear separation between manual handling and automation and process orientation due to modular and simple machine structure, always in context with Lean Management. A research on state of the art in the field of low cost automation and lean management with its methods and principles will be the basis for the concept development. Finally the low cost automation concept for complex process machines will be developed based the application of the derived and selected methods and principles. A structured qualitative validation in from of an expert interview guided by a validation matrix with the above derived criteria and a certain weighting will validate the developed and implemented concept. As a summary it can be stated according the result of validation by the experts that the concept achieves the objective of investment reduction and efficiency improvement. From the low cost automation point of view and lean management aspect is the concept also absolutely efficient and applicable. It is recommended to follow up on the defined approach of low cost automation.
DEMO: Extracting Physical-Layer BLE Advertisement Information from Broadcom and Cypress Chips
Creators: name: Classen, Jiska
name: Hollick, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiple initiatives propose utilizing Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) advertisements for contact tracing and SARS-CoV-2 exposure notifications. This demo shows a research tool to analyze BLE advertisements; if universally enabled by the vendors, the uncovered features could improve exposure notifications for everyone. We reverse-engineer the firmware-internal implementation of BLE advertisements on Broadcom and Cypress chips and show how to extract further physical-layer information at the receiver. The analyzed firmware works on hundreds of millions of devices, such as all iPhones, the European Samsung Galaxy S series, and Raspberry Pis.
description: 13th ACM Conference on Security and Privacy in Wireless and Mobile Networks
Algebraic proof theory for LE-logics
Creators: name: Greco, Giuseppe
name: Jipsen, Peter
name: Liang, Fei
name: Palmigiano, Alessandra
name: Tzimoulis, Apostolos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we extend the research programme in algebraic proof theory from axiomatic extensions of the full Lambek calculus to logics algebraically captured by certain varieties of normal lattice expansions (normal LE-logics). Specifically, we generalise the residuated frames in [34] to arbitrary signatures of normal lattice expansions (LE). Such a generalization provides a valuable tool for proving important properties of LE-logics in full uniformity. We prove semantic cut elimination for the display calculi D.LE associated with the basic normal LE-logics and their axiomatic extensions with analytic inductive axioms. We also prove the finite model property (FMP) for each such calculus D.LE, as well as for its extensions with analytic structural rules satisfying certain additional properties.
description: final version
Rice market participation and channels of sale in rural Vietnam
Creators: name: Cazzuffi, Chiara
name: McKay, Andrew
name: Cazzuffi, Chiara
name: McKay, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Agriculture
subject: Market participation
subject: Rice
subject: Transactions costs
subject: Vietnam.

description: This paper contributes to the existing literature on agricultural commercialisation by focussing on the channels through which households sell their crops, as well as considering the determinants of their participation behaviour. An important innovation of this paper is to look at both the type of purchaser households use (trader or other household) and the location of sale (farmgate or not). We study these issues for the case of Vietnam, which over time has achieved an impressive success in agricultural commercialisation, and in relation to rice, drawing on data from a detailed rural panel survey for 2006, 2008 and 2010. We find that household asset endowments and access to public goods such as transport infrastructure significantly increase the probability of selling rice. We also find that larger scale of production and low transport costs are significant determinants of the probability of using more established channels of sale, such as traders or enterprises. Wealthier farmers are more likely to sell via this channel, but not if the quantity they produce is large, which is consistent with their better ability to meet costs for reaching more remunerative marketing opportunities. With respect to location of sales, we find that wealthier households with access to phones and own means of transport, but also households located in areas where transport infrastructure is less developed, are less likely to sell at the farmgate.
Oscillations of vertically integrated relativistic tori -II. Axisymmetric modes in a Kerr spacetime
Creators: name: Montero, Pedro J.
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
name: Yoshida, Shin'ichirou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second of a series of papers investigating the oscillation properties of relativistic, non-selfgravitating tori orbiting around black holes. Extending the work done in a Schwarzschild background, we here consider the axisymmetric oscillations of vertically integrated tori in a Kerr spacetime. The tori are modeled with a number of different non-Keplerian distributions of specific angular momentum and we discuss how the oscillation properties depend on these and on the rotation of the central black hole. We first consider a local analysis to highlight the relations between acoustic and epicyclic oscillations in a Kerr spacetime and subsequently perform a global eigenmode analysis to compute the axisymmetric p modes. In analogy with what found in a Schwarzschild background, these modes behave as sound waves that are modified by rotation and are globally trapped in the torus. For constant distributions of specific angular momentum, the eigenfrequencies appear in a sequence 2:3:4:... which is essentially independent of the size of the disc and of the black hole rotation. For non-constant distributions of angular momentum, on the other hand, the sequence depends on the properties of the disc and on the spin of the black hole, becoming harmonic for sufficiently large tori. We also comment on how p modes could explain the high frequency quasi-periodic oscillations observed in low-mass X-ray binaries with a black hole candidate and the properties of an equivalent model in Newtonian physics.
description: 13 pages, MNRAS, in press
Spontaneous Collapse of Unstable Quantum Superposition State: A Single-Particle Model of Modified Quantum Dynamics
Creators: name: Okabe, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a modified dynamics of quantum mechanics, in which classical mechanics of a point mass derives intrinsically in a massive limit of a single-particle model. On the premise that a position basis plays a special role in wavefunction collapse, we deduce to formalize spontaneous localization of wavefunction on the analogy drawn from thermodynamics, in which a characteristic energy scale and a time scale are introduced to separate quantum and classical regimes.
description: 2figs., contribution to Xth ICQO 2004
Das agrarsoziale Sicherungssystem in Frankreich – Zentrale Merkmale und Entwicklungen aus der Perspektive der landwirtschaftlichen Sozialversicherung in Deutschland
Creators: name: Mehl, Peter
name: Mehl, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: agrarsoziale Sicherung
subject: Deutschland
subject: Frankreich
subject: social security
subject: agriculture
subject: Germany
subject: France

description: Zusammenfassung : Eine vergleichende Analyse der agrarsozialen Sicherungssysteme in Deutschland und Frankreich, die auch eine vergleichende Bewertung der Systeme aus der Perspektive der versicherten Landwirte enthält, ist trotz einiger Parallelen zwischen landwirtschaftlicher Sozialversicherung (LSV) und Mutualité Sociale Agricole (MSA) nicht einfach vorzunehmen. Maßgeblich hierfür sind Unterschiede in Versicherungskonzeption und Leistungssystem, beim versicherten Personenkreis und bei den Beitragsbemessungsgrundlagen. Im Bereich der Alterssicherung ist ein Vergleich aufgrund des Äquivalenzprinzips am ehesten möglich. Der Vergleich der Relation von Beiträgen und Leistungen zeigt, dass die französischen Landwirte im Regelfall vorteilhafter abgesichert sind als ihre deutschen Kollegen. Ein wichtige Parallelität beider Systeme liegt darin, dass auch die MSA in erheblichem Ausmaß auf die finanzielle Unterstützung Dritter angewiesen ist. Von den 19,8 Mrd. Euro Gesamtausgaben der MSA für selbstständige Landwirte wurden 2009 lediglich 16 % aus Beiträgen finanziert (LSV 6,7 Mrd. Euro Gesamtausgaben, davon 38 % aus Beiträgen). Insgesamt wird die Behauptung, die deutschen Landwirte seien im Bereich der agrarsozialen Sicherung besser gestellt als ihre französischen Kollegen, durch die Ergebnisse dieser Analyse nicht gestützt. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary: Despite some parallels in the German Social Security System in Agriculture (LSV) and the French Mutualité Social Agricole (MSA), it is not easy to make a comparative analysis of the systems that also contains a comparative evaluation of the systems from the perspective of the insured farmers. Decisive here are the differences in insurance concept and distribution system for the persons insured and in the premium-setting principles. A comparison of the old age pension is most promising, since it is mainly based in both systems on the equivalency principal. The comparison of the ratio of premiums and benefit shows that the French farmers are, as a rule, more advantageously insured than their German colleagues. An important parallel is that LSV and MSA are very dependent on financial support from third parties. Of the 19.8 billion Euros MSA total expenditures for self-employed farmers, only 16 percent of the premiums were paid by members (LSV 6.7 billion Euros total expenditures, of these 38 percent from premiums). Overall the belief that the German farmers are better off in terms of their social security system than the French colleagues is not supported by the results of this analysis.
Dynamics of species’ range : adaptation and gene flow in Sitka spruce
Creators: name: Mimura, Makiko
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In this thesis I investigate the evolutionary dynamics of species’ range to determine the effects of gene flow on adaptation and range expansion. Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) was employed as the model species in this empirical study. It has a narrow distribution along the Pacific coast covering over 22° of latitude along a relatively linearly heterogeneous environment. Gene flow can increase fitness by increasing genetic diversity or masking recessive deleterious alleles, but also decrease fitness by homogenizing adaptive divergence. I investigated degrees of adaptation and genetic structure between central and peripheral populations as well as between isolated and continuous populations. Common garden experiments suggested strong adaptive divergence along environmental gradients in some growth traits. Pollen genetic structure based on microsatellite loci indicated that recent gene flow has been limited, while other studies based on more conservative markers in Sitka spruce suggested little genetic structure. These imply that during rapid postglacial migration, long-distance dispersal and high gene flow may have initially provided genetic diversity to founder populations. This increased genetic diversity enhances the efficiency of local selection relative to genetic drift, resulting in adaptive divergence along environmental gradients. Sitka spruce populations adapt to local conditions to some extent, but may not adapt optimally because of the homogenizing effect of gene flow. Gene flow and selection can counteract each other, depending on the levels of gene flow and the intensity of selection. At range peripheries, the effects of gene flow may be stronger than selection, limiting further adaptation beyond the range limits. Mating system analysis indicated higher selling rate and a dramatic decline in effective pollen donor number in peripheral compared to central populations. This difference in population size and resulting density gradients may cause asymmetric gene flow from the centre to the range peripheries. At both the southern and northern range peripheries, despite high inbreeding, the isolated populations showed significantly higher juvenile fitness compared to the continuous populations in the same environments. Isolation has increased the efficiency of selection at soft species borders. The positive and negative effects of gene flow, its circumstances and consequences are discussed in this thesis.
Finanzielle Staatshilfen für den Agrarsektor und deren regionale Verteilung
Creators: name: Plankl, Reiner
name: Plankl, Reiner
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Financial Economics
subject: finanzielle Staatshilfen
subject: regionale Verteilungsunterschiede
subject: Förderintensität
subject: Landwirtschaft
subject: Deutschland
subject: financial assistance
subject: financial allocation
subject: promotion intensity
subject: agriculture
subject: Germany

description: Zusammenfassung : Der Arbeitsbericht beschreibt die regionale Verteilung der finanziellen Staatshilfen für den Agrarsektor in der Förderperiode 1995 bis 2008. Räumliche Betrachtungseinheit sind die Bundesländer, Landkreise und siedlungsstrukturellen Kreistypen. Im Einzelnen wird die regionale Verteilung der Ausgaben der 1. und 2. Säule der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik (GAP), der Bundesausgaben für Agrardieselverbilligung und für das agrarsoziale Sicherungssystem beschrieben. Es zeigen sich ausgeprägte regionale Verteilungsunterschiede bei den einzelnen Maßnahmen sowie bei einer aggregierten Betrachtung aller Maßnahmen. Dabei hängen die Ausprägungen und regionalen Verteilungsmuster von der gewählten Bezugsgröße (Fläche, Betriebe, Arbeitskräfte, Einwohner) ab. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary: The working paper describes the regional distribution of government financial support to the agricultural sector in Germany in the period 1995-2008. Spatial units considered are the federal states, districts and structural district settlement types. The regional distribution of the expenses in the first and second pillar of the CAP, federal expenses for fuel subsidies and for the agricultural social security system are considered separately. Regional distribution differences exist for all individual measures as well as for the aggregated expenses. The scale of differences and the distribution patterns depend on the chosen reference parameter (area, farms, laborers, inhabitants).
Will Scale-free Popularity Develop Scale-free Geo-social Networks?
Creators: name: Liu, Dong
name: Fodor, Viktoria
name: Rasmussen, Lars K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Empirical results show that spatial factors such as distance, population density and communication range affect our social activities, also reflected by the development of ties in social networks. This motivates the need for social network models that take these spatial factors into account. Therefore, in this paper we propose a gravity-low-based geo-social network model, where connections develop according to the popularity of the individuals, but are constrained through their geographic distance and the surrounding population density. Specifically, we consider a power-law distributed popularity, and random node positions governed by a Poisson point process. We evaluate the characteristics of the emerging networks, considering the degree distribution, the average degree of neighbors and the local clustering coefficient. These local metrics reflect the robustness of the network, the information dissemination speed and the communication locality. We show that unless the communication range is strictly limited, the emerging networks are scale-free, with a rank exponent affected by the spatial factors. Even the average neighbor degree and the local clustering coefficient show tendencies known in non-geographic scale-free networks, at least when considering individuals with low popularity. At high-popularity values, however, the spatial constraints lead to popularity-independent average neighbor degrees and clustering coefficients.
SMA CO(J=3-2) interferometric observations of the central region of M51
Creators: name: Matsushita, S.
name: Sakamoto, K.
name: Kuo, C. -Y.
name: Hsieh, P. -Y.
name: Dinh-V-Trung
name: Mao, R. -Q.
name: Iono, D.
name: Peck, A. B.
name: Wiedner, M. C.
name: Liu, S. -Y.
name: Ohashi, N.
name: Lim, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first interferometric CO(J=3-2) observations (beam size of 3.9"x1.6" or 160pc x 65pc) with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) toward the center of the Seyfert 2 galaxy M51. The image shows a strong concentration at the nucleus and weak emission from the spiral arm to the northwest. The integrated intensity of the central component in CO(J=3-2) is almost twice as high as that in CO(J=1-0), indicating that the molecular gas within an ~80 pc radius of the nucleus is warm (>~100 K) and dense (~10^4 cm^-3). Similar intensity ratios are seen in shocked regions in our Galaxy, suggesting that these gas properties may be related to AGN or starburst activity. The central component shows a linear velocity gradient (~1.4 km/s/pc) perpendicular to the radio continuum jet, similar to that seen in previous observations and interpreted as a circumnuclear molecular disk/torus around the Seyfert 2 nucleus. In addition, we identify a linear velocity gradient (~0.7 km/s/pc) along the jet. Judging from the energetics, the velocity gradient can be explained by supernova explosions or energy and momentum transfer from the jet to the molecular gas via interaction, which is consistent with the high intensity ratio.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
A Search for Good Pseudo-random Number Generators : Survey and Empirical Studies
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Kamalika
name: Maity, Krishnendu
name: Das, Sukanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In today's world, several applications demand numbers which appear random but are generated by a background algorithm; that is, pseudo-random numbers. Since late $19^{th}$ century, researchers have been working on pseudo-random number generators (PRNGs). Several PRNGs continue to develop, each one demanding to be better than the previous ones. In this scenario, this paper targets to verify the claim of so-called good generators and rank the existing generators based on strong empirical tests in same platforms. To do this, the genre of PRNGs developed so far has been explored and classified into three groups -- linear congruential generator based, linear feedback shift register based and cellular automata based. From each group, well-known generators have been chosen for empirical testing. Two types of empirical testing has been done on each PRNG -- blind statistical tests with Diehard battery of tests, TestU01 library and NIST statistical test-suite and graphical tests (lattice test and space-time diagram test). Finally, the selected $29$ PRNGs are divided into $24$ groups and are ranked according to their overall performance in all empirical tests.
அறத்தில் நேயம்
Creators: name: Devarkaivalyam, Ashok
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200315 Indian Languages
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: தமிழ் இலக்கியங்கள் மனிதனை மட்டுமின்றி உயிர;நேயம் பாராட்டுகின்றன. எவ்வுயிரையும் கொள்ளுதல் கூடாது என அற இலக்கியங்கள் மிகுதியாக வலியுறுத்துகின்றன. உயிர்க்கொலை புரிபவர் அறிவற்றவர் என்றும் உயிர்கொலை புரியாதவர்கள் வணங்கத்தக்கவர்கள் என்றும் குறிப்பிடுகின்றன. உயிர்களுக்கு உணவு கொடுப்பது உணவை கொடுத்தல் ஆகாது அதனைக் கடந்து உயிரை கொடுத்ததாகக் கருதப்படும். ஒருவருக்கு ஒன்றை அளிப்பதாயின் உணவை அளித்திடுக. துன்பத்தைக் களைவதே தலையாய நட்பின் இலக்கணம். அதுவே சிறந்த அறம். தான் வாழ்கின்ற போது மற்றவரையும் வாழ வைக்கின்ற வாழ்வே சிறப்பானதாகும.; இவ்வாறான சிந்தனைகளை பெற்று மனித இனம் மேலும் மேலும் உயர்ந்த நிலையை அடைய வேண்டும் இதற்கு தேவையான சிந்தனைகளை நம்முடைய தமிழ் அற இலக்கியங்கள் நன்கு பதிவு செய்துள்ளன. அவற்றை நோக்குவதே இந்த கட்டுரையின் நோக்கமாக அமைகிறது.
Entanglement harvesting for Unruh-DeWitt detectors in circular motion
Creators: name: Zhang, Jialin
name: Yu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of the transition probability and entanglement harvesting phenomenon for circularly accelerated detectors locally interacting with massless scalar fields. The dependence of the transition probability on the parameters associated with the circular motion is first analyzed in detail. By a cross-comparison with the situation of the uniformly accelerated motion, we obtain that the transition probability and the possible thermalization behavior for detectors rotating with an extremely large circular radius are analogous to that for uniformly accelerated detectors, but for a very small linear speed and a large acceleration, the effective temperature which characterizes the detectors' thermalization in a finite duration is much lower than that for uniformly accelerated detectors. We then focus on the phenomenon of entanglement harvesting in two special situations of circular trajectories, i.e., the coaxial rotation and the mutually perpendicular axial rotation by examining the concurrence as the entanglement measure in detail. We find that when two circularly accelerated detectors have equivalent acceleration and size of circular trajectory, the harvested entanglement rapidly decays with increasing acceleration or separation between two detectors. In contrast with the situation of uniform acceleration, the angular velocity would have significant impacts on entanglement harvesting. Especially for those detectors circularly moving in different directions, both the acceleration and trajectory radius play an important inhibiting role in entanglement harvesting. When two circularly accelerated detectors have different values of acceleration or angular velocity, we find that the entanglement can still be extracted by such detectors, even in the situation that one detector is at rest and the other is in a circular motion.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures
Regionale Verteilung raumwirksamer finanzieller Staatshilfen im Kontext regionalwirtschaftlicher Entwicklung
Creators: name: Plankl, Reiner
name: Plankl, Reiner
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Financial Economics
subject: finanzielle Staatshilfen
subject: Förderintensität
subject: regionale Verteilungsunterschiede
subject: regionalwirtschaftliches Wachstum
subject: Erklärungsgrößen
subject: Deutschland
subject: financial assistance
subject: intensity of support
subject: financial allocation
subject: regional economic growth
subject: indicators
subject: Germany

description: Zusammenfassung : Der Arbeitsbericht beschreibt unter Bezug auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung die regionale Verteilung regionalwirtschaftlich relevanter raumwirksamer finanzieller Staatshilfen in der Förderperiode 1995 bis 2008. Betrachtungseinheiten sind die Bundesländer sowie die ländlichen und nicht ländlichen siedlungsstrukturellen Kreistypen in den alten und neuen Bundesländern. Es werden zehn Förderbereiche beschrieben, dabei wird auf die Maßnahmen zur Entwicklung ländlicher Räume besonders eingegangen. Neben der Beschreibung regionaler Unterschiede im Fördermitteleinsatz werden regionale Unterschiede weiterer potenzieller Erklärungsgrößen für ein regionalwirtschaftliches Wachstum beschrieben. Es zeigen sich auf allen Untersuchungsebenen ausgeprägte regionale Unterschiede in der Förderintensität und der relativen Bedeutung der einzelnen Förderbereiche sowie bei weiteren harten und weichen Standortfaktoren. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary: With particular regard to economic development, the working paper describes the regional distribution of economically-relevant, spatially-effective government financial support in the promotional period 1995 to 2008. The units of consideration are the federal states, rural and non rural settlement structural types of counties in the former and new federal states. Ten promotional areas are described and measures on rural development are considered in particular detail. In addition to the description of regional differences in subsidy use, regional differences in further potential indicators for regional economic growth are described. On all study levels clear regional differences in the intensity of support and the relative significance of the individual support areas as well as with further hard and soft site factors.
Remarks on mean curvature flow solitons in warped products
Creators: name: Colombo, Giulio
name: Mari, Luciano
name: Rigoli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44, 53C42, 53C40, 35B50, 35B06

description: We study some properties of mean curvature flow solitons in general Riemannian manifolds and in warped products, with emphasis on constant curvature and Schwarzschild type spaces. We focus on splitting and rigidity results under various geometric conditions, ranging from the stability of the soliton to the fact that the image of its Gauss map be contained in suitable regions of the sphere. We also investigate the case of entire graphs.
description: 36 pages. This paper differs from the published one since the proof of Theorem 3.4 (Thm. C in the Introduction) was rewritten. Package axessibility added to make the paper available to visually impaired people. Last version: some further detail added in the proof of Theorem 3.4
About the chemical composition of delta Scuti - the prototype of the class of pulsating variables
Creators: name: Yushchenko, A.
name: Gopka, V.
name: Kim, C.
name: Musaev, F.
name: Kang, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present chemical abundances in the photosphere of $δ$ Scuti -- the prototype of the class of pulsating variables -- determined from the analysis of a spectrum obtained at Terskol observatory 2 meter telescope with resolution $R=52,000$, signal to noise ratio 250. VLT and IUE spectra were used also . Abundance pattern of \dsct consists of 49 chemical elements. The abundances of Be, P, Ge, Nb, Mo, Ru, Er, Tb, Dy, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, Os, Pt, Th were not investigated previously. The lines of third spectra of Pr and Nd also are investigated for the first time. The abundances of heavy elements show the overabundances with respect to the Sun up to 1 dex. The abundance pattern of \dsct is similar to that of Am-Fm stars.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, subm. to Proc. of IAU Symp. 224
Maispreisverhalten – Maispreistransmission während des Preisbooms an den Terminmärkten
Creators: name: Ledebur, Oliver Von
name: Schmitz, Jochen
name: Ledebur, Oliver Von
name: Schmitz, Jochen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: commodity futures
subject: corn
subject: time series
subject: price volatility transmission
subject: multivariate GARCH

description: Zusammenfassung : Seit dem Jahr 2000 haben vielfältige Faktoren die Agrarmärkte beeinflusst. Darunter sind wiederholte Angebotsknappheiten und die globale Nachfrageentwicklung zu nennen, welche den beobachteten Preisanstieg begünstigten. Angesichts der zunehmenden Interdependenz der Märkte stellt sich die Frage, ob eine isolierte Betrachtung eines einzelnen Marktes, wie in der bisherigen Literatur üblich, ausreichend ist. Die vorliegende Analyse stellt einen Beitrag zur Diskussion um die im Jahr 2008 beobachtbare Preisblase dar und geht auf die Zusammenhänge von Notierungen von Agrarrohstoffen an verschiedenen Warenterminbörsen ein. Im Fokus steht die Transmission der Preisvolatilität zwischen Warenterminbörsen. Es wird untersucht, ob und in welchem Ausmaß es zu einer Transmission während des drastischen Preisanstieges an den Agrar- und Rohstoffmärkten gekommen ist.Maisnotierungen von drei Warenterminbörsen werden in einem multivariaten GARCH Ansatz abgebildet. Somit ist es möglich, die Interaktionen zwischen den Börsen direkt zu modellieren. Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Entwicklungen im Bereich der Agrar- und Biokraftstoffpolitik diskutiert. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary: Since 2000 a number of factors impacted agricultural markets. Among these are structural changes in global demand and repeated supply constraints supported in a comprehensible way, the observed positive development of agricultural prices. Given the increasingly interdependent global markets, the question arises of in how far an isolated view of a single market, as usual in the scientific literature, is sufficient? The paper is a contribution to the debate on the recent commodity price bubble in 2008 and the relationship among commodity futures markets for agricultural raw materials. More particularly, the transmission of price volatility between commodity futures markets is analysed. The background question is whether and to what extent the volatility of agricultural commodity prices at different market places have been transferred during the drastic price changes of 2008. In this analysis the volatility of the maize futures price at three different commodity futures exchange is modelled as a multivariate GARCH-process. By doing so, interactions between stock markets in different venues are incorporated. The results of the econometric analysis are discussed against the background of the developments in agricultural and bio-fuel policy.
Effect of variable retention harvesting and stand type on soil nitrogen availability in boreal mixedwood forests
Creators: name: Jerabkova, Lucie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Clear-cut harvesting has been shown to increase the nitrification rate and lead to elevated levels of soil nitrate in some forests. This change in nitrogen (N) cycling and availability could negatively affect regeneration, future site productivity as well as surrounding ecosystems. Variable-retention (VR) harvesting has been proposed as a more environmentally acceptable alternative to clearcutting. VR harvesting retains a portion of live trees in the cutblocks and it is assumed that this will create conditions more similar to uncut forests and mitigate the negative effects of clearcutting on the N cycle. In boreal mixedwood forests, maintenance of a deciduous component and management of mixed stands is currently encouraged, partly based on the assumption that deciduous trees facilitate faster N cycling and higher N availability. The evidence of this phenomenon is, however, equivocal. In boreal mixedwood forests in northern Alberta, I assessed whether the uncut deciduous-dominated forests had higher N availability and faster N cycling than coniferous-dominated forests, and whether N availability was related to the proportion of deciduous trees. I also assessed the effects of clearcutting and VR harvesting on soil N availability in boreal mixedwood forests and characterized pathways and rates of nitrification. Uncut stands of deciduous forests had higher availability of ammonium but did not have faster N cycling and higher nitrate levels as hypothesized. Clearcutting had little effect on soil N availability in all forest types. Net and gross rates of N mineralization and nitrification were not altered and N availability was not elevated by clearcutting. VR-harvested sites did not differ either from clearcuts or uncut stands. Despite very low soil nitrate concentrations, nitrification was an active process at all sites, even in uncut coniferous stands. Nitrification was carried out mainly by heterotrophs and both nitrate production and consumption increased with labile C addition. Clearcutting in these boreal forests did not create a soil environment dominated by nitrate at any site. VR harvesting of western boreal mixedwood forests may not be justified based on nutritional concerns as the effects of clearcutting on N availability were minimal.
GESTÃO DO AGRONEGÓCIO DA CERA DE CARNAÚBA: CUSTOS DE PRODUÇÃO, RENTABILIDADE E LUCRATIVIDADE
Creators: name: Gomes, Jaira Maria Alcobaca
name: Santos, Karla Brito Dos
name: Crespo, Maria De Fatima Vieira
name: Silva, Marcos Soares Da
name: Gomes, Jaira Maria Alcobaca
name: Santos, Karla Brito Dos
name: Crespo, Maria De Fatima Vieira
name: Silva, Marcos Soares Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness
Farm Management

description: Para revitalizar a cadeia produtiva da cera de carnaúba, é indispensável o conhecimento dos custos de produção e da rentabilidade, de cada atividade envolvida, verificando sua viabilidade econômica, visto que os estudos científicos sobre essa temática praticamente são inexistentes, exceto o trabalho do Banco do Nordeste na década de 1970. Especificamente, objetiva-se calcular o custo fixo e custo variável na produção do pó cerífero e cera de carnaúba, produtos de maior importância da cadeia, estimar a rentabilidade, lucratividade, composição do valor adicional e margem de comercialização. A metodologia utilizada consiste em análise diagnóstica, em que o cálculo dos custos de produção foi uma adaptação daquela adotada pela CONAB que busca contemplar todos os itens de dispêndio. Os cálculos dos custos de produção, rentabilidade e lucratividade do pó de carnaúba e da cera de carnaúba foram efetuados a partir de pesquisa direta com questionários com os agentes econômicos. A etapa com maior participação relativa na composição do custo de produção do pó é o corte das folhas, correspondendo em média metade do custo total. Todos os carnaubais com batição própria apresentaram rentabilidade e lucratividade positivas. Os carnaubais com batição arrendada apresentaram prejuízo. A cera de carnaúba é um negócio atrativo, sendo rentável, pois possui uma demanda internacional estável, com possibilidades de pequenas variações ascendentes, visto que essa cera vegetal concede ao Brasil, o título de único produtor e as pesquisas poderão levar a descoberta de novas aplicações, além do que é um produto com externalidades negativas ao meio ambiente suportáveis a capacidade de suporte dos ecossistemas. As recomendações para gestão do agronegócio da cera de carnaúba são capacitação dos produtores de pó de carnaúba para implantação de registro sistemático dos custos de produção e comercialização, construção de indicadores econômico-financeiros para acompanhamento ao longo do tempo da cadeia produtiva. As empresas devem implementar medidas baseadas nos elementos de ecoeficiência.
Structured Light in Turbulence
Creators: name: Cox, Mitchell A.
name: Mphuthi, Nokwazi
name: Nape, Isaac
name: Mashaba, Nikiwe P.
name: Cheng, Ling
name: Forbes, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Optical communication is an integral part of the modern economy, having all but replaced electronic communication systems. Future growth in bandwidth appears to be on the horizon using structured light, encoding information into the spatial modes of light, and transmitting them down fibre and free-space, the latter crucial for addressing last mile and digitally disconnected communities. Unfortunately, patterns of light are easily distorted, and in the case of free-space optical communication, turbulence is a significant barrier. Here we review recent progress in structured light in turbulence, first with a tutorial style summary of the core concepts, before highlighting the present state-of-the-art in the field. We support our review with new experimental studies that reveal which types of structured light are best in turbulence, the behaviour of vector versus scalar light in turbulence, the trade-off of diversity and multiplexing, and how turbulence models can be exploited for enhanced optical signal processing protocols. This comprehensive treatise will be invaluable to the large communities interested in free-space optical communication with spatial modes of light.
Evaluations of annular Khovanov--Rozansky homology
Creators: name: Gorsky, Eugene
name: Wedrich, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe the universal target of annular Khovanov-Rozansky link homology functors as the homotopy category of a free symmetric monoidal category generated by one object and one endomorphism. This categorifies the ring of symmetric functions and admits categorical analogues of plethystic transformations, which we use to characterize the annular invariants of Coxeter braids. Further, we prove the existence of symmetric group actions on the Khovanov-Rozansky invariants of cabled tangles and we introduce spectral sequences that aid in computing the homologies of generalized Hopf links. Finally, we conjecture a characterization of the horizontal traces of Rouquier complexes of Coxeter braids in other types.
description: 42 pages
Energy dependence of the optical potential of the weakly bound 9Be projectile on the 197Au target
Creators: name: Gollana, F.
name: Abriola, D.
name: Arazia, A.
name: Cardonaa, M. A.
name: de Barbara, E.
name: Hojmana, D.
name: Betan, R. M. Id
name: Marti, G. V.
name: Pacheco, A. J.
name: Rodriguesa, D.
name: Togneri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we measured elastic and inelastic angular distributions of the weakly bound 9Be projectile on the 197Au target at several bombarding energies from 84% up to 140% of the Coulomb barrier. The elastic angular distributions were analyzed using a phenomenological Woods-Saxon potential and a double folding Sao Paulo potential and the energy dependence was extracted. Angular distributions from two inelastic peaks were compared with coupled channel calculations using reduced transition probabilities available in the literature. The energy dependence of the two interaction potential models show a similar trend in the region of the Coulomb barrier. Dispersion relation calculation demonstrates the presence of the breakup threshold anomaly proposed for weakly bound systems.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 55 references
Spin-orbit coupling in nuclei and realistic nucleon-nucleon potentials
Creators: name: Kaiser, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the spin-orbit coupling term in the nuclear energy density functional in terms of a zero-range NN-contact interaction and finite-range contributions from two-pion exchange. We show that the strength of the spin-orbit contact interaction as extracted from high-precision nucleon-nucleon potentials is in perfect agreement with that of phenomenological Skyrme forces employed in non-relativistic nuclear structure calculations. Additional long-range contributions from chiral two-pion exchange turn out to be relatively small. These explicitly density-dependent contributions reduce the ratio of the isovector to the isoscalar spin-orbit strength significantly below the Skyrme value 1/3. We perform a similar analysis for the strength function of the $(\vec \nabla ρ)^2$-term and find values not far from those of phenomenological Skyrme parameterizations.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review C70 (2004)
Kraus representation of damped harmonic oscillator and its application
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-xi
name: Ozdemir, Sahin Kaya
name: Miranowicz, Adam
name: Imoto, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By definition, the Kraus representation of a harmonic oscillator suffering from the environment effect, modeled as the amplitude damping or the phase damping, is directly given by a simple operator algebra solution. As examples and applications, we first give a Kraus representation of a single qubit whose computational basis states are defined as bosonic vacuum and single particle number states. We further discuss the environment effect on qubits whose computational basis states are defined as the bosonic odd and even coherent states. The environment effects on entangled qubits defined by two different kinds of computational basis are compared with the use of fidelity.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Generation of Two-Flavor Vortex Atom Laser from a Five-State Medium
Creators: name: Liu, Xiong-Jun
name: Jing, Hui
name: Liu, Xin
name: Ge, Mo-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-flavor atom laser in a vortex state is obtained and analyzed via electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) technique in a five-level $M$ type system by using two probe lights with $\pm z$-directional orbital angular momentum $\pm l\hbar$, respectively. Together with the original transfer technique of quantum states from light to matter waves, the present result can be extended to generate continuous two-flavor vortex atom laser with non-classical atoms.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; The previous version (v2) is a wrong one; this is the published version
Universal transient behavior in large dynamical systems on networks
Creators: name: Tarnowski, Wojciech
name: Neri, Izaak
name: Vivo, Pierpaolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We analyze how the transient dynamics of large dynamical systems in the vicinity of a stationary point, modeled by a set of randomly coupled linear differential equations, depends on the network topology. We characterize the transient response of a system through the evolution in time of the squared norm of the state vector, which is averaged over different realizations of the initial perturbation. We develop a mathematical formalism that computes this quantity for graphs that are locally tree-like. We show that for unidirectional networks the theory simplifies and general analytical results can be derived. For example, we derive analytical expressions for the average squared norm for random directed graphs with a prescribed degree distribution. These analytical results reveal that unidirectional systems exhibit a high degree of universality in the sense that the average squared norm only depends on a single parameter encoding the average interaction strength between the individual constituents. In addition, we derive analytical expressions for the average squared norm for unidirectional systems with fixed diagonal disorder and with bimodal diagonal disorder. We illustrate these results with numerical experiments on large random graphs and on real-world networks.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures. We corrected a sign typo in the new version of the paper
The physics of streamer discharge phenomena
Creators: name: Nijdam, Sander
name: Teunissen, Jannis
name: Ebert, Ute
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we describe a transient type of gas discharge which is commonly called a streamer discharge, as well as a few related phenomena in pulsed discharges. Streamers are propagating ionization fronts with self-organized field enhancement at their tips that can appear in gases at (or close to) atmospheric pressure. They are the precursors of other discharges like sparks and lightning, but they also occur in for example corona reactors or plasma jets which are used for a variety of plasma chemical purposes. When enough space is available, streamers can also form at much lower pressures, like in the case of sprite discharges high up in the atmosphere. We explain the structure and basic underlying physics of streamer discharges, and how they scale with gas density. We discuss the chemistry and applications of streamers, and describe their two main stages in detail: inception and propagation. We also look at some other topics, like interaction with flow and heat, related pulsed discharges, and electron runaway and high energy radiation. Finally, we discuss streamer simulations and diagnostics in quite some detail. This review is written with two purposes in mind: First, we describe recent results on the physics of streamer discharges, with a focus on the work performed in our groups. We also describe recent developments in diagnostics and simulations of streamers. Second, we provide background information on the above-mentioned aspects of streamers. This review can therefore be used as a tutorial by researchers starting to work in the field of streamer physics.
description: 89 pages, 29 figures