cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Key criteria for developing ecosystem service indicators to inform decision making
Creators: name: Van Oudenhoven, Alexander P.E.
name: Schröter, Matthias
name: Drakou, Evangelina G.
name: Geijzendorffer, Ilse R.
name: Jacobs, Sander
name: Van Bodegom, Peter M.
name: Chazee, Laurent
name: Czúcz, Bálint
name: Grunewald, Karsten
name: Lillebø, Ana I.
name: Mononen, Laura
name: Nogueira, António J.A.
name: Pacheco-Romero, Manuel
name: Perennou, Christian
name: Remme, Roy P.
name: Rova, Silvia
name: Syrbe, Ralf-Uwe
name: Tratalos, Jamie A.
name: Vallejos, María
name: Albert, Christian
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Credibility
subject: CSL
subject: Feasibility
subject: Legitimacy
subject: Salience
subject: Science-policy interface
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::710 | Landschaftsgestaltung, Raumplanung

description: Decision makers are increasingly interested in information from ecosystem services (ES) assessments. Scientists have for long recognised the importance of selecting appropriate indicators. Yet, while the amount and variety of indicators developed by scientists seems to increase continuously, the extent to which the indicators truly inform decision makers is often unknown and questioned. In this viewpoint paper, we reflect and provide guidance on how to develop appropriate ES indicators for informing decision making, building on scientific literature and practical experience collected from researchers involved in seven case studies. We synthesized 16 criteria for ES indicator selection and organized them according to the widely used categories of credibility, salience, legitimacy (CSL). We propose to consider additional criteria related to feasibility (F), as CSL criteria alone often seem to produce indicators which are unachievable in practice. Considering CSLF together requires a combination of scientific knowledge, communication skills, policy and governance insights and on-field experience. In conclusion, we present a checklist to evaluate CSLF of your ES indicators. This checklist helps to detect and mitigate critical shortcomings in an early phase of the development process, and aids the development of effective indicators to inform actual policy decisions.
Learning Inequalities Widen Following COVID-19 School Closures in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: Kim, Janice
name: Rose, Pauline
name: Tiruneh, Dawit Tibebu
name: Sabates, Ricardo
name: Woldehanna, Tassew
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 380104
subject: Economics of education
classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 440404
subject: Political economy and social change

description: This text discusses the impact of pandemic-related school closures in Ethiopia, particularly on disadvantaged students. It presents emerging evidence from RISE Ethiopia, highlighting the disproportionate effect on the most vulnerable populations. The research, conducted by the REAL Centre at the University of Cambridge, reveals that while dropout rates were lower than expected, learning levels have significantly declined, with a widening gap between rural and urban areas. The article emphasizes the importance of pre-primary education in protecting learning gains and calls for increased investment in early education. It also stresses the need for ongoing monitoring of learning outcomes and socio-emotional development to ensure effective interventions and support for all children affected by the pandemic.
Fatigue behaviour of grouted connections at different ambient conditions and loading scenarios
Creators: name: Schaumann, Peter
name: Raba, Alexander
name: Bechtel, Anne
Publisher: name: London : Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: fatigue
subject: grouted connection
subject: offshore platform
subject: offshore wind energy
subject: water impact
subject: Drilling platforms
subject: Fatigue of materials
subject: Fatigue testing
subject: Grouting
subject: Mortar
subject: Offshore structures
subject: Offshore wind turbines
subject: Wind power
subject: Wind turbines
subject: Ambient conditions
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Grouted connection
subject: Off shore platforms
subject: Off-shore wind energy
subject: Submerged condition
subject: Support structures
subject: Water impact
subject: Concrete construction
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft::333 | Boden- und Energiewirtschaft::333,7 | Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt

description: Grouted connections are frequently used as structural detail of offshore wind turbines and platforms for the load transferring connection between piles and support structure. At latticed substructures this connection is commonly located at mudline. However, a potential influence of the surrounding water on the connection's fatigue behaviour was neglected in earlier tests and consequential design methods. Herein described experimental investigations at small and large-scale fatigue tests in submerged conditions showed a significant reduction of endurable load cycles. In addition, the water impact caused varied damage mechanism in the connection. © 2017 The Author(s).
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion, Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response, and Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act Recommendations for the Dry Creek Greenway Trail Project
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2019

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2019-00608
Note on the use of Yee-lattices in (semi-) implicit Particle-in-cell codes
Creators: name: Kempf, Andreas
name: Ganse, Urs
name: Kilian, Patrick
name: Spanier, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modification of the implicit algorithm for particle-in-cell simulations proposed by Petrov and Davis [2011] is presented. The original lattice arrangement is not inherently divergence-free, possibly leading to unphysical results. This arrangement is replaced by a staggered mesh resulting in a reduction of the divergence of the magnetic field by several orders of magnitude.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Learning loss and mental health & wellbeing: A longitudinal mixed-methods study of primary school students' experiences during the Covid-19 pandemic in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: Yorke, Louise
name: Araya, Mesele
name: Chuta, Nardos
name: Demisse, Abebech
name: Rose, Pauline
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 390304
subject: Primary education
classificationCode: 390408
subject: Learning analytics
classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This paper examines the impact of Covid-19 school closures on primary school students in Ethiopia, focusing on learning loss and mental health. Using a mixed methods approach, we analyze a dataset of 2,000 students and conduct in-depth interviews with a subset of students who experienced decreased learning. Our findings reveal that 42% of children experienced learning loss, with greater impacts on students from low-income families and those with lower social skills. The qualitative data supports these findings and emphasizes the potential long-term consequences of school closures. The research underscores the need for strategies to mitigate learning loss, particularly among disadvantaged students, to prevent long-lasting negative effects.
Meta-models for fatigue damage estimation of offshore wind turbines jacket substructures
Creators: name: Brandt, Sebastian
name: Broggi, Matteo
name: Hafele, Jan
name: Gebhardt, Cristian Guillermo
name: Rolfes, Raimund
name: Beer, Michael
Publisher: name: London : Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: extreme loads
subject: fatigue
subject: imprecise probability
subject: offshore wind turbine
subject: reliability
subject: robust optimization
subject: Environmental impact
subject: Fatigue damage
subject: Fatigue of materials
subject: Interpolation
subject: Optimization
subject: Reliability
subject: Structural dynamics
subject: Wind turbines
subject: Extreme loads
subject: Fatigue damage estimation
subject: Fatigue life evaluation
subject: Imprecise probabilities
subject: Reliability based design
subject: Robust optimization
subject: Simulation-based optimizations
subject: Structural component
subject: Offshore wind turbines
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: One of the main structural components of offshore wind turbines is the substructure which bridges the gap between seabed and tower foot. One possible concept employed in intermediate water depths for turbines with high-rated power is the jacket. This structure is excited by several environmental impacts like wind and wave loads or centrifugal loads from the rotor motion. In order to reach competitive costs of energy, it is crucial to minimize the lifetime capital expenses by means of robust and reliability-based design. However, a simulation-based optimization approach on the full scale model requires high numerical capacity. In this work, the problem of numerically expensive fatigue life evaluation is addressed by the utilization of a meta-model approach. The performance of two meta-models solutions, namely Kriging and Interval Predictor Model, is compared. In particular, the different behavior of the probabilistic confidence intervals of the Kriging regression and the interval bounds of the IPM is discussed. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Education Response to COVID-19: How Can Basic Education Be Implemented in Ethiopia?
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: Hailu, Belay Hagos
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390199
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 390304
subject: Primary education
classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The text discusses the implementation of basic education in Ethiopia during the COVID-19 pandemic. It highlights challenges such as limited device access and lack of coordination, proposing strategies to address these issues. The suggested strategies include providing solar-powered tablets to students, coordinating efforts among schools, monitoring student engagement, including pre-school children in distance learning, and developing a stress management toolkit. The blog post emphasizes the need for equitable access to education, effective coordination, and support for emotional well-being during these challenging times.
title: ОЦЕНКА ПОТЕНЦИАЛА ВОДНОЙ ЭРОЗИИ ПОЧВ  СТАВРОПОЛЬСКОГО КРАЯ НА ОСНОВЕ  ФАКТОРНОЙ МОДЕЛИ RUSLE
title: ASSESSMENT OF SOIL WATER EROSION POTENTIAL IN THE STAVROPOL TERRITORY BASED ON THE RUSLE FACTOR MODEL
Creators: name: Ермолаев, Н.Р.
name: Юдин, С.А.
name: Белобров, В.П.
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: Эрозионные процессы являются одной из главных угроз для почв в сельскохо-зяйственных регионах нашей страны.  Современное состояние проблемы требует по-иска и внедрения новых методов мониторинга и оценки подверженности почв эрози-онным процессам. В данной статье отражен опыт моделирования эрозионных потерь почвы при помощи модели RUSLE за 2018 год на основании открытых данных. В ходе работы были построены карты: R-factor – влияние дождевых осадков на эрозию, K-factor –  подверженность почв эрозионным процессам, LS-factor –  влияние особенно-стей рельефа (крутизны и длины склонов) на протекание эрозионных процессов. На основании полученных карт была построена модель RUSLE, количественно отражаю-щая потенциал водной эрозии в Ставропольском крае за 2018 год. Построены диа-граммы соотношения групп земель, относящихся к различным эрозионным группам.
description: Erosion processes are one of the main threats to soils in the agricultural regions of our country.  The current state of the problem requires the search and implementation of new methods for monitoring and evaluating soil liability to erosion processes. This article reflects the experience of modeling soil erosion losses using the RUSLE model for 2018 on the basis of open data. In the course of the work, maps of the R-factor reflecting the impact of rainfall on erosion, K-factor, factor of soil liability to erosion processes, LS-factor, factor of the terrain features influence (steepness and length of slopes) on the course of erosion processes were constructed. Based on the obtained maps, the RUSLE model was constructed,  which quanti-tatively reflects potential for water erosion in the Stavropol Territory for 2018. And as a result, the diagrams of land groups correlation belonging to different erosion groups are constructed.
Spin-Polarized Electrons in Bilayer Graphene Flakes
Creators: name: Orellana, P. A.
name: Rosales, L.
name: Chico, L.
name: Pacheco, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a bilayer graphene flake deposited above a ferromagnetic insulator can behave as a spin-filtering device. The ferromagnetic material induces exchange splitting in the graphene flake, and due to the Fano antiresonances occurring in the transmission of the graphene flake as a function of flake length and energy, it is possible to obtain a net spin current. This happens when an antiresonance for one spin channel coincides with a maximum transmission for the opposite spin. We propose these structures as a means to obtain spin-polarized currents and spin filters in graphene-based systems.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Journal of Applied Physics
On the influence of thermally induced radial pipe extension on the axial friction resistance
Creators: name: Gerlach, Tim
name: Achmus, Martin
Publisher: name: London : Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: buried pipelines
subject: numerical modeling
subject: radial extension
subject: Soil-structure interaction
subject: District heating
subject: Finite element method
subject: Groundwater
subject: Hardening
subject: Numerical models
subject: Piles
subject: Pipelines
subject: Soil structure interactions
subject: Soils
subject: Stiffness
subject: Thermal expansion
subject: Tribology
subject: Buried pipelines
subject: Coefficient of frictions
subject: Coulomb's friction law
subject: District heating networks
subject: Geometric properties
subject: Hardening soil models
subject: Thermal expansion effect
subject: Friction
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft::333 | Boden- und Energiewirtschaft::333,7 | Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt

description: Within the design process of district heating networks, the maximum friction forces between the pipeline and the surrounding soil are calculated from the radial stress state and the coefficient of contact friction. For the estimation of the radial stresses, the soil unit weight, geometric properties such as the pipe's diameter and the depth of embedment, as well as the groundwater level are taken into account. For the coefficient of contact friction, different values are proposed, dependent on the thermal loading condition of the pipeline. Although this is an assumption of practical use, physically the coefficient of friction is a material constant. To revise the interaction behavior of the soil-pipeline system with respect to thermally induced radial pipe extension, a two-dimensional finite element model has been developed. Here, the frictional contact was established using Coulomb's friction law. For the embedment, sand at different states of relative density was considered. This noncohesive, granular material was described by the constitutive model HSsmall, which is able to predict the complex non-linear soil behavior in a realistic manner by stress-dependency of stiffness as well as isotropic frictional and volumetric hardening. In addition to the basic Hardening Soil model, the HSsmall model accounts for an increased stiffness in small strain regions, which is crucial for the presented investigation. After a model validation, a parametric study was carried out wherein a radial pipe displacement was applied due to thermal changes of the transported medium. Different combinations of geometry and soil property were studied. We conclude by presenting a corrective term that enables for an incorporation of thermal expansion effects into the prediction of the maximum friction force.
Whose Influence and Whose Priorities? The Design of Ethiopia's General Education Quality Improvement Programme - Equity (GEQIP-E)
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: Rose, Pauline
name: Yorke, Louise
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The text discusses Ethiopia's General Education Quality Improvement Programme for Equity (GEQIP-E) and examines the influence and priorities of different stakeholders involved in its design. It highlights the need for meaningful engagement of stakeholders at the local level and criticizes the top-down approach that limited participation from lower-level stakeholders. The report emphasizes the importance of involving stakeholders at all levels to ensure program success.
Die Analysen der keltischen Münzen und Metalle der spätlatènezeitlichen Großsiedlung in der Rheinschleife bei Altenburg (‚Schwaben‘)
Creators: name: Burkhardt, Andreas
Publisher: name: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
Year: 2016

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
description: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg, Bd. 32, Nr. 1 (2012): Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
Stable Equilibria to Parabolic Systems in Unbounded Domains
Creators: name: Escher, Joachim
name: Yin, Zhaoyang
Publisher: name: Abingdon, Oxon : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Gas Sensor
subject: Zinc Oxide
subject: Nickel
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We investigate weakly coupled semilinear parabolic systems in unbounded domains in R2 or R3 with polynomial nonlinearities. Three sufficient conditions are presented to ensure the stability of the zero solution with respect to non-negative H2 -perturbations.
Magnetic state of pyrochlore Cd2Os2O7 emerging from strong competition of ligand distortions and longer-range crystalline anisotropy
Creators: name: Bogdanov, Nikolay A.
name: Maurice, Rémi
name: Rousochatzakis, Ioannis
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Hozoi, Liviu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By many-body quantum-chemical calculations, we investigate the role of two structural effects - local ligand distortions and the anisotropic Cd-ion coordination - on the magnetic state of Cd2Os2O7, a spin S=3/2 pyrochlore. We find that these effects strongly compete, rendering the magnetic interactions and ordering crucially depend on these geometrical features. Without trigonal distortions a large easy-plane magnetic anisotropy develops. Their presence, however, reverses the sign of the zero-field splitting and causes a large easy-axis anisotropy (D = -6.8 meV), which in conjunction with the antiferromagnetic exchange interaction (J = 6.4 meV) stabilizes an all-in/all-out magnetic order. The competition uncovered here is a generic feature of pyrochlore magnets.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 5 pages supplementary material included, to appear in PRL
The Intermediate Surface Diffusion Flow on Spheres
Creators: name: Escher, Joachim
Publisher: name: Abingdon, Oxon : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Intermediate Surface Diffusion Flow
subject: Euclidean sphere
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: It is shown that solutions to the intermediate surface diffusion flow are real analytic in space and time, provided the initial surface is real diffeomorphic to a Euclidean sphere.
Preface
Creators: name: Constantin, Adrian
name: Escher, Joachim
Publisher: name: Springfield, Mo. : AIMS
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Preface
subject: Introduction
subject: Applied mathematics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: Over the period 12-23 October 2009, the program "Recent advances in integrable systems of hydrodynamic type'' was organized by us and held at the Erwin Schrödinger International Institute for Mathematical Physics (Vienna, Austria).
Charge carrier relaxation model in hopping system
Creators: name: Lu, Nianduan
name: Li, Ling
name: Suna, Pengxiao
name: Liu, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relaxation phenomena of charge carriers in hopping system have been demonstrated and investigated theoretically. An analytical model describing the charge carrier relaxation is proposed based on the hopping transport theory. The relation between the material disorder, electric field and temperature and the relaxation phenomena has been discussed in detail, respectively. The calculated results reveal that the increase of electric field and temperature can promote the relaxation effect in disordered systems, while the increase of material disorder will weaken the relaxation. The proposed model can explain well the stretched-exponential law by adopting the appropriate parameters. The calculation shows a good agreement with the experimental data for organic semiconductors.
title: Effect of sliding speed on tribological characteristics of zirconium dioxide crystals
Creators: name: Alisin, V.V.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The development of new materials is relevant to improve the life of machines. In article are investigated experimentally under dry friction against steel changes the friction coefficient of nanostructured crystals of zirconium dioxide in the velocity range of 0.7-1.7m/s the results Obtained open the possibility to ensure reliable operation of the joints of the actuators in conditions of friction without lubrication.
Carbon Impurities on Graphene Synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition on Platinum
Creators: name: Ping, Jinglei
name: Fuhrer, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report nanocrystalline carbon impurities coexisting with graphene synthesized via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on platinum. We observe micron-size island-like impurity layers, which can easily be mistaken for second graphene layers in optical microscopy or secondary electron microscopy (SEM). The island orientation depends on the crystalline orientation of the Pt, as shown by electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD), indicating growth of amorphous carbon below graphene. Dark-field TEM indicates that in addition to uniform single-crystal graphene, our sample is decorated with nanocrystalline carbon impurities with a spatially inhomogeneous distribution. Raman spectra show a large D peak, however electrical characterization shows high mobility (~6,000 cm2/Vs), indicating a limitation for Raman spectroscopy in characterizing the electronic quality of graphene.
Bridging the digital divide: Experimental evidence from India
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: Romero, Mauricio
name: Singh, Abhijeet
name: Muralidharan, Karthik
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development
classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This study explores two interventions to bridge the digital divide during the COVID-19 pandemic. One group received free access to a learning platform, while the other group also received tablets and internet access. Providing only platform access had minimal impact, while tablet recipients initially used the platform but their usage declined. After seven months, children in the treated villages scored lower in math and Tamil compared to the control group. The study emphasizes the need for supervision to maintain engagement during school closures.
Padus vulgaris Merat
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: P. vulgaris Merat (P. tuberosa Schrank) Cat. 265 und 429. Verbreitung noch wenig bekannt; einige Angaben des Cat. sowie mehrere neuere wohl irrig. Sichere Fundorte: l: Col du Jorat (Coquoz); Van d'en Haut (Wilczek); Alpen von Outre-Rhone (Cat.; Gams). _ 2: Alpen von Fully (Cat.; Garns), hier bis 2280 m (Garns).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
title: Investigation of the stress state of a multilayer medium consisting of a layer, half-space and a cylindrical pipe, with displacements specified on the boundary surfaces
Creators: name: Miroshnikov, V.Yu.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: A solution to the spatial problem of the theory of elasticity is proposed for a composite in the form of a half-space with a longitudinal thick-walled circular cylindrical tube and a layer rigidly attached to the surface of the half-space. Layer, half-space and pipe - elastic homogeneous isotropic materials different from each other. On the free surface of the layer and the inner surface of the pipe, displacements are specified. At the boundary of the layer and half-space, as well as at the boundary of half-space and the outer surface of the pipe, the matching conditions are coupling. It is necessary to evaluate the stress state of the multilayer medium. The solution of the spatial problem of the theory of elasticity is obtained on the basis of the generalized Fourier method in cylindrical coordinates associated with the pipe and Cartesian coordinates associated with the layer and half-space. A numerical analysis of the stress state of the composite body is carried out. Plots of normal and shear stresses in the layer, half-space and pipe are presented. The proposed method can be used in the design of composites, structures and communications, provided that the statement of the problem coincides. Stress analysis can be used in the selection of geometric characteristics of the designed model.
Stratified periodic water waves with singular density gradients
Creators: name: Escher, Joachim
name: Knopf, Patrik
name: Lienstromberg, Christina
name: Matioc, Bogdan‑Vasile
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Euler equations
subject: Traveling waves
subject: Stratified fluid
subject: Singular density gradient
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: We consider Euler’s equations for free surface waves traveling on a body of density stratified water in the scenario when gravity and surface tension act as restoring forces. The flow is continuously stratified, and the water layer is bounded from below by an impermeable horizontal bed. For this problem we establish three equivalent classical formulations in a suitable setting of strong solutions which may describe nevertheless waves with singular density gradients. Based upon this equivalence we then construct two-dimensional symmetric periodic traveling waves that are monotone between each crest and trough. Our analysis uses, to a large extent, the availability of a weak formulation of the water wave problem, the regularity properties of the corresponding weak solutions, and methods from nonlinear functional analysis.
Improving schooling productivity through computer-aided instruction:Experimental evidence from Rajasthan*
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: Muralidharan, Karthik
name: Singh, Abhijeet
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development
classificationCode: 390408
subject: Learning analytics
classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This text presents the findings of a three-year experiment evaluating a blended learning program that incorporated personalized computer-aided instruction in Mathematics and Hindi language, replacing a portion of in-person instruction. The program resulted in a positive impact on learning outcomes, with an intent-to-treat effect of 0.24? in Mathematics and 0.22? in Hindi after 2.5 years of treatment. The effects of the program were consistent across gender, socioeconomic status, and baseline achievement. The intervention was implemented in government schools in Rajasthan state, with approximately 6500 students each year, and it builds upon a previous study conducted in after-school instruction centers in Delhi. Despite slightly smaller effects when compared to the after-school model, the in-school program proved to be more cost-effective, costing about one-sixth as much per student.
Introduction to the special issue on hydrodynamic model equations
Creators: name: Constantin, Adrian
name: Escher, Joachim
Publisher: name: Springfield, Mo. : AIMS
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: introduction
subject: hydrodynamic model equations
subject: water wave theory over
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: [no abstract available]
Large Chern Number Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect In Thin-film Topological Crystalline Insulators
Creators: name: Fang, Chen
name: Gilbert, Matthew J.
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) insulators are two-dimensional (2D) insulating states exhibiting properties similar to those of quantum Hall states but without external magnetic field. They have quantized Hall conductance $σ^H=Ce^2/h$, where integer $C$ is called the Chern number, and represents the number of gapless edge modes. Recent experiments demonstrated that chromium doped thin-film (Bi,Sb)$_2$Te$_3$ is a QAH insulator with Chern number $C=\pm1$. Here we theoretically predict that thin-film topological crystalline insulators (TCI) can host various QAH phases, when doped by ferromagnetically ordered dopants. Any Chern number between $\pm4$ can, in principle, be reached as a result of the interplay between (a) the induced Zeeman field, depending on the magnetic doping concentration, (b) the structural distortion, either intrinsic or induced by a piezoelectric material through proximity effect and (c) the thickness of the thin film. The tunable Chern numbers found in TCI possess significant potential for ultra-low power information processing applications.
description: References updated
Effective Polyakov line action from the relative weights method
Creators: name: Greensite, J.
name: Langfeld, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the relative weights method (arXiv:1209.5697) to determine the effective Polyakov line action for SU(2) lattice gauge theory in the confined phase, at lattice coupling beta=2.2 and N_t=4 lattice spacings in the time direction. The effective action turns out to be bilinear in the fundamental representation Polyakov line variables, with a rather simple expression for the finite range kernel. The validity of this action is tested by computing Polyakov line correlators, via Monte Carlo simulation, in both the effective action and the underlying lattice theory. It is found that the correlators in each theory are in very close agreement.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
title: Brief overview of emulsion research methods for evaluating the work of rotor-disk mixers
Creators: name: Laponov, S.V.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The presented article provides a brief overview of the designs of low-volume rotary disk mixers and methods for assessing the quality of their work. It is shown that the most accurate, simple and promising is the photometric method for studying emulsions. Also this method allows to determine the distribution of dispersed particles by size. The study of the emulsion with a certain frequency allows you to timely determine and adjust the processing mode of the product while minimizing production costs.
title: The design of rollers for receiving the corrugated sheets of polyvinyl chloride materials
Creators: name: Suleymanov, D.F.
name: Suleymanova, A.A.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The work is devoted to the development of the design of rollers, allowing to obtain corrugated sheets for various purposes from polyvinyl chloride.
Squares and Covering Matrices
Creators: name: Lambie-Hanson, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Viale introduced covering matrices in his proof that SCH follows from PFA. In the course of the proof amd subsequent work with Sharon, he isolated two reflection principles, CP and S, which, under certain circumstances, are satisfied by all covering matrices of a certain shape. Using square sequences, we construct covering matrices for which CP and S fail. This leads naturally to an investigation of square principles intermediate between $\square_κ$ and $\square(κ^+)$ for a regular cardinal $κ$. We provide a detailed picture of the implications between these square principles.
description: 24 pages
On the Recovery of the Free Surface from the Pressure within Periodic Traveling Water Waves
Creators: name: Escher, Joachim
name: Schlurmann, Torsten
Publisher: name: Abingdon, Oxon : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Water waves
subject: Vorticity
subject: Circumpolar Current
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We present a consistent derivation of the pressure transfer function for small amplitude waves within the framework of linear wave theory and discuss some nonlinear aspects.
Geometrical Methods for Equations of Hydrodynamical Type
Creators: name: Escher, Joachim
name: Kolev, Boris
Publisher: name: Abingdon, Oxon : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Euler equation
subject: diffeomorphism group
subject: fractional Sobolev metrics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We describe some recent results for a class of nonlinear hydrodynamical approximation models where the geometric approach gives insight into a variety of aspects. The main contribution concerns analytical results for Euler equations on the diffeomorphism group of the circle for which the inertia operator is a nonlocal operator.
Stimulating parental investments in early childhood:Experimental evidence on a technology-aided preschoolintervention in India
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: Keskar, Ajinkya
name: Romero, Mauricio
name: Singh, Abhijeet
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 390403
subject: Educational administration, management and leadership
classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The article presents results from an experimental evaluation of a promising technology-aided intervention to raise cognitive achievement among preschool-aged students in the state of Maharashtra. The in-tervention provided a structured curriculum of activities focused on child development for parents to do with their children. It was delivered to parents of currently-enrolled children in govermment preschools using WhatsApp groups set up by preschool workers. The intervention significantly increased information delivered to parents, and increased parental engagement with the material. Parents also report that the program benefited their children and improved child engagement. However, no effects on objective student assessments of numeracy, language, or executive functioning were found. Such technology-aided interventions may have significant potential to improve the delivery of interventions to improve parent engagement with child development, even at scale, but may need substantial iteration to improve school readiness effectively.
Transmission eigenvalues and thermoacoustic tomography
Creators: name: Finch, David
name: Hickmann, Kyle S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P25, 35R30, 74J25

description: The spectrum of the interior transmission problem is related to the unique determination of the acoustic properties of a body in thermoacoustic imaging. Under a non-trapping hypothesis, we show that sparsity of the interior transmission spectrum implies a range separation condition for the thermoacoustic operator. In odd dimension greater than or equal to three, we prove that the transmission spectrum for a pair of radially symmetric non-trapping sound speeds is countable, and conclude that the ranges of the associated thermoacoustic maps have only trivial intersection.
Low-energy non-linear excitations in sphere packings
Creators: name: Lerner, Edan
name: Düring, Gustavo
name: Wyart, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically and numerically how hard frictionless particles in random packings can rearrange. We demonstrate the existence of two distinct unstable non-linear modes of rearrangement, both associated with the opening and the closing of contacts. Mode one, whose density is characterized by some exponent θ', corresponds to motions of particles extending throughout the entire system. Mode two, whose density is characterized by an exponent θ != θ', corresponds to the local buckling of a few particles. Mode one is shown to yield at a much higher rate than mode two when a stress is applied. We show that the distribution of contact forces follows P(f) f^{min(θ',θ)}, and that imposing that the packing cannot be densified further leads to the bounds γ >= 1/(2+θ') and γ >= (1-θ)/2, where γ characterizes the singularity of the pair distribution function g(r) at contact. These results extend the theoretical analysis of [M. Wyart, Phys. Rev. Lett 109, 125502 (2012)] where the existence of mode two was not considered. We perform numerics that support that these bounds are saturated with γ \approx 0.38, θ \approx 0.17 and θ' \approx 0.44. We measure systematically the stability of all such modes in packings, and confirm their marginal stability. The principle of marginal stability thus allows to make clearcut predictions on the ensemble of configurations visited in these out-of-equilibrium systems, and on the contact forces and pair distribution functions. It also reveals the excitations that need to be included in a description of plasticity or flow near jamming, and suggests a new path to study two-level systems and soft spots in simple amorphous solids of repulsive particles.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Octagons I: combinatorics and non-planar resummations
Creators: name: Bargheer, Till
name: Coronado, Frank
name: Vieira, Pedro
Publisher: name: Berlin; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 1/N Expansion
subject: AdS-CFT Correspondence
subject: Integrable Field Theories
subject: Supersymmetric Gauge Theory
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We explain how the ’t Hooft expansion of correlators of half-BPS operators can be resummed in a large-charge limit in N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory. The full correlator in the limit is given by a non-trivial function of two variables: One variable is the charge of the BPS operators divided by the square root of the number Nc of colors; the other variable is the octagon that contains all the ’t Hooft coupling and spacetime dependence. At each genus g in the large Nc expansion, this function is a polynomial of degree 2g + 2 in the octagon. We find several dual matrix model representations of the correlators in the large-charge limit. Amusingly, the number of colors in these matrix models is formally taken to zero in the relevant limit.
Simulation Study of Ge p-type Nanowire Schottky Barrier MOSFETs
Creators: name: Lee, Jaehyun
name: Shin, Mincheol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ambipolar currents in Germanium p-type nanowire Schottky barrier MOSFETs were calculated fully quantum-mechanically by using the multi-band k.p method and the non-equilibrium Green's function approach. We investigated the performance of devices with 100, 110, and 111 channel orientations, respectively, by varying the nanowire width, Schottky barrier height, and EOT. The 111 oriented devices showed the best performance. In comparison to Si as a channel material, Ge is more desirable because more current can be injected into the channel, resulting in steeper subthreshold slope and higher on-state current. Our calculations predict that the Ge channel devices should have an EOT gain of 0.2-0.5 nm over Si channel devices.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Eclipsing high-mass binaries I. Light curves and system parameters for CPD-518946, PISMIS24-1 and HD319702
Creators: name: Domínguez, A. Barr
name: Chini, R.
name: Nuñez, F. Pozo
name: Haas, M.
name: Hackstein, M.
name: Drass, H.
name: Lemke, R.
name: Murphy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results of a comprehensive photometric O-star survey performed with a robotic twin refractor at the Universitätssternwarte Bochum located near Cerro Armazones in Chile. For three high-mass stars, namely Pismis24-1, CPD-518946 and HD319702, we determined the period through the Lafler-Kinman algorithm and model the light curves within the framework of the Roche geometry. For Pismis24-1, a previously known eclipsing binary, we provide first light curves and determined a photometric period of 2.36 days together with an orbital inclination of 61.8 degrees. The best-fitting model solution to the light curves suggest a detached configuration. With a primary temperature of T1 = 42520K we obtain the temperature of the secondary component as T2 = 41500K. CPD-518946 is another known eclipsing binary for which we present a revised photometric period of 1.96 days with an orbital inclination of 58.4 degrees. The system has likely a semi-detached configuration and a mass ratio q = M1/M2 = 2.8. If we adopt a primary temperature of T1 = 34550K we obtain T2 = 21500K for the secondary component. HD319702 is a newly discovered eclipsing binary member of the young open cluster NGC6334. The system shows well-defined eclipses favouring a detached configuration with a period of 2.0 days and an orbital inclination of 67.5 degrees. Combining our photometric result with the primary spectral type O8 III(f) (T1 = 34000K) we derive a temperature of T2 = 25200K for the secondary component.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Numerical Exploration of Soliton Creation
Creators: name: Lamm, Henry
name: Vachaspati, Tanmay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the classical production of solitons in the easy axis O(3) model in 1+1 dimensions, for a wide range of initial conditions that correspond to the scattering of small breathers. We characterize the fractal nature of the region in parameter space that leads to soliton production and find certain trends in the data. We identify a tension in the initial conditions required for soliton production - low velocity incoming breathers are more likely to produce solitons, while high velocity incoming breathers provide momentum to the final solitons and enable them to separate. We find new "counter-spinning" initial conditions that can alleviate some of this tension.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
How adsorbates alter the metallic behavior of quasi-1D electron systems of the Si(5 5 3)-Au surface
Creators: name: Tzschoppe, Michael
name: Huck, Christian
name: Hötzel, Fabian
name: Günther, Benjamin
name: Mamiyev, Zamin
name: Butkevich, Andrey
name: Ulrich, Constantin
name: Gade, Lutz H.
name: Pucci, Annemarie
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: quasi-1D electron systems
subject: infrared spectra
subject: adsorbate induced effects
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The plasmonic signals of quasi-1D electron systems are a clear and direct measure of their metallic behavior. Due to the finite size of such systems in reality, plasmonic signals from a gold-induced superstructure on Si(5 5 3) can be studied with infrared spectroscopy. The infrared spectroscopic features have turned out to be extremely sensitive to adsorbates. Even without geometrical changes of the surface superstructure, the effects of doping, of the adsorbate induced electronic surface scattering, and of the electronic polarizability changes on top of the substrate surface give rise to measurable changes of the plasmonic signal. Especially strong changes of the plasmonic signal have been observed for gold, oxygen, and hydrogen exposure. The plasmonic resonance gradually disappears under these exposures, indicating the transion to an insulating behavior, which is in accordance with published results obtained from other experimental methods. For C70 and, as shown here for the first time, TAPP-Br, the plasmonic signal almost retains its original intensity even up to coverages of many monolayers. For C70, the changes of the spectral shape, e.g. of electronic damping and of the resonance position, were also found to be marginal. On the other hand, TAPP-Br adsorption shifts the plasmonic resonance to higher frequencies and strongly increases the electronic damping. Given the dispersion relation for plasmonic resonances of 1D electron systems, the findings for TAPP-Br indicate a push-back effect and therefore stronger confinement of the free charge carriers in the quasi-one-dimensonal channel due to the coverage by the flat TAPP-Br molecules. On the gold-doped Si(5 5 3)-Au surface TAPP-Br acts as counter dopant and increases the plasmonic signal.