cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Woody  Vegetation  Composition,  Structure  and  Conservation  Status  of   Gole  Forest  in  Kamba Woreda, Gamo Gofa Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Etalem Geresu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: The study was conducted in Gole Forest in Kamba wereda, Gamo Gofa zone, South Ethiopia
with  the  objective  of  determining  the  woody  vegetation  composition,  structure  and
conservation  status  of  woody  species.  Systematic  sampling  was  used  to  collect  vegetation
data. A total of 40  quadrats each with 400 m
2
(20 m X 20  m) were established along four
lines  transects for  data collection.  In addition, structural variables such as DBH and height
were measured. Seedling and sapling were counted.  Socio economic data was assessed from
50 informants using questionnaires and interviews.  A total  of 46 plants were  identified  (32
trees, 12 shrubs,  and two lianas).Fabaceae,  Lamiaceae,  Myrsinaceae and  Rhamiaceae are
the  most  dominant  family  followed  by  Astareceae  and  Simaroubaceae  and  in  terms  of  the
number  of  genera  and  species.  Three  plant  community  types  were  identified  using  the  R
program  version  2.14.0  and  named  after  two  species  with  higher  mean  cover-abundance
values.  Structural  analysis  revealed  a  density  of  626  stems  ha
-1
and  a  total  basal  area  of
40.65m
2
ha
1
.  Sorensen’s  similarity  coefficient  was  used  to  calculate  similarities  and
dissimilarities  among  communities.  Shannon-Wiener  diversity  index  was  used  to  analyse
species  diversity  and  richness.  The  density  of  tree  species  in  the  forest  decreases  with
increasing  height  and  DBH  classes.  Dominant  tree  species  relatively  with  the  high
importance values were Syzygium guineense (Willd.)DC, Agrista salicifolia (Comm .ex Lam.)
Don  and  Hagenia  abyssinica  (Bruce)  J.F.Gmel.  Studies  on  the  regeneration  states  of  the
forest  indicated  that  some  of  species  Albizia  schimperiana  (Van)  schimperian,  Prunus
africana  (Hook.f)Kalkm,  Ficus  sur  Folrssk,  Cordia  africana  Lam  and  Maytenus  undata
(Thump)Blakelock require urgent conservation measures.  Based on the results of this study,
detailed  ecological  and  ethino-botanical  studies  and  monitoring  measures  needed  to
rehabilitate degraded land and sustainable use of the forest are recommended.
Naturally large Yukawa hierarchies
Creators: name: Nardi, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous breaking of the $SU(3)^5$ quark/lepton flavor symmetry by means of three multiplets of scalar `Yukawa fields' admits vacua with one O(1) and two vanishing vacuum expectation values (vevs) for each multiplet. If the number of generations is equal to three, and only in this case, the vanishing vevs are lifted to exponentially suppressed entries by the inclusion of symmetry invariant logarithmic terms. A strong hierarchy for the Yukawa couplings and a quark mixing matrix that approaches a diagonal form are obtained in a natural way from O(1) parameters. This scenario provides a concrete realization of the minimal flavor violation hypothesis.
description: 8 pages. Added two references. Section 2a and 3 revised. Results unchanged
Transverse single spin asymmetry in the Drell-Yan process
Creators: name: Zhou, Jian
name: Metz, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the transverse single spin asymmetry in the angular distribution of a Drell-Yan dilepton pair. We study this asymmetry by using twist-3 collinear factorization, and we obtain the same result both in covariant gauge and in the light-cone gauge. Moreover, we have checked the electromagnetic gauge invariance of our calculation. Our final expression for the asymmetry differs from all the previous results given in the literature. The overall sign of this asymmetry is as important as the sign of the Sivers asymmetry in Drell-Yan.
description: 9 pages
ISOLATION, CULTIVATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A FUNGAL ISOLATE  FROM AGRO-SOIL WASTE FOR PRODUCTION AMYLASE ENZYME
Creators: name: BEHAILU ASRAT GEBREMEDHIN
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Amylase  enzymes  are  industrially  important  enzymes  used  in  food,  sugar,  textile,
pharmaceutical,  paper  and  detergent  industries.  The  main  objective  of  this  study  is  to
characterize and  produce amylase enzyme  from  fungal  strains  isolated  from  soil.  Soil  samples
were collected from three places and a total of 89 fungal isolates were screened for their potential
to  produce  amylase.   Of  which  Aspergillus  niger  FAB-211  showed  the  maximum  potential  to
produce amylase and considered for further study. Maximum amylase pro duction using the strain
was obtained by an optimum condition of pH 6.0  (0.483 U/ml)  at 45
o
c (1.241 U/ml) and 3  days
of incubation  (0.281 U/ml). Maltose  (0.684  U/ml) and yeast extract  (0.501  U/ml)  were found to
be the  best carbon and  nitrogen sources  and resulted  in  maximum activity  respectively.  It was
observed that  6 disc spore inoculum size of  A. niger  FAB-211(1.081 U/ml) resulted maximum
activity.  Solid state fermentation processes was examined using banana, mango and potato peels.
Banana peel was promising  and showed maximum (0.481 U/ml) result and 2:1 initial diluents to
substrate ratio resulted in maximum production (0.881 U/ml). The optimum enzyme activity was
reached at pH 6.0 and 45
o
c. The enzyme was stable at 45
o
c and 50
o
c retained more than 90% and
84% of its activity. The enzyme  was active and  stable  at broad pH range of 4.0-8.0 and  5.0-7.0
respectively .  Highly  activated by  Ca
2+
ion  and moderately activated by K
+
and Fe
3+
ions.  More
than 69%  its activity was retained  in 20%  v/v of H2O2
concentration.   These properties make it a
very promising candidate for their application in  industries.
Leveraging the Video-level Semantic Consistency of Event for Audio-visual Event Localization
Creators: name: Jiang, Yuanyuan
name: Yin, Jianqin
name: Dang, Yonghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Audio-visual event (AVE) localization has attracted much attention in recent years. Most existing methods are often limited to independently encoding and classifying each video segment separated from the full video (which can be regarded as the segment-level representations of events). However, they ignore the semantic consistency of the event within the same full video (which can be considered as the video-level representations of events). In contrast to existing methods, we propose a novel video-level semantic consistency guidance network for the AVE localization task. Specifically, we propose an event semantic consistency modeling (ESCM) module to explore video-level semantic information for semantic consistency modeling. It consists of two components: a cross-modal event representation extractor (CERE) and an intra-modal semantic consistency enhancer (ISCE). CERE is proposed to obtain the event semantic information at the video level. Furthermore, ISCE takes video-level event semantics as prior knowledge to guide the model to focus on the semantic continuity of an event within each modality. Moreover, we propose a new negative pair filter loss to encourage the network to filter out the irrelevant segment pairs and a new smooth loss to further increase the gap between different categories of events in the weakly-supervised setting. We perform extensive experiments on the public AVE dataset and outperform the state-of-the-art methods in both fully- and weakly-supervised settings, thus verifying the effectiveness of our method.The code is available at https://github.com/Bravo5542/VSCG.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Affine SL(2) conformal blocks from 4d gauge theories
Creators: name: Alday, Luis F.
name: Tachikawa, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Nekrasov's instanton partition function of four-dimensional N=2 gauge theories in the presence of surface operators. This can be computed order by order in the instanton expansion by using results available in the mathematical literature. Focusing in the case of SU(2) quiver gauge theories, we find that the results agree with a modified version of the conformal blocks of affine SL(2) Lie algebra. These conformal blocks provide, in the critical limit, the eigenfunctions of the corresponding quantized Hitchin Hamiltonians.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures; v2: typos corrected, references added
ETHNOBOTANICAL  STUDY  OF  TRADITIONAL  MEDICINAL  PLANTS  IN  OFFA WOREDA WOLAITA ZONE, SNNPRS
Creators: name: YASIN TUSHE
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: An Ethnobotanical study of traditional medicinal plant species used by  traditional people in Offa
Woreda, Wolaita zone, SNNPR was carried out from September, 2008 E.C to August, 2008 E.C.
In  the  study  areas  traditional  medicine  addresses  the  problems  of  scarcity  of  drugs  and  health
related  problems.  The  aim  of  this  study  was  to  collect,  identify  and  document  the  practice  of
traditional  medicinal  plant  species.  A  total  of  146  households  (119  males  and  27  females)
between the ages 22 to 75 were systematically selected from the complete list of three Kebeles.
Similarly,  9 key informants (7 males and 2 females) and  30  traditional healers (10 males and 20
females) were purposively selected based on recommendations from Kebele  chairman  and local
elder  people.  Ethnobotanical  data  were  collected  using,  semi-structured  interview,  group
discussion,  field  observation  and  market  survey.  The  collected  data  were  analyzed  by  using
descriptive  statistics  (frequency  and  percentages),  preference  ranking  and  paired  comparison,
direct matrix ranking method  and  correlation by using SPSS software  version 20. A total of 51
medicinal plant  species  belonging to 43 genera and 35  families were documented in this study.
Out of these, 27(52.9%) were collected from wild, 21(41.2%) were cultivated and 3(5.9%) were
collected from both wild and home garden.  36 medicinal plant  species  were used to treat human
ailments. Six medicinal plant species were used to treat livestock and nine were used  for  both
human and livestock. The most frequently used plant parts were leaves 18 (35.3%), followed by
11(21.6%)  roots.  The  age  of  participants  and  consumption  rate  of  traditional  medicine  have  a
positive  correlation(r  =  0.999).  However,  educational  level  of  informants  (r  =  -0.878)  and
consumptions rate of traditional medicine were negatively correlated. The widely used method of
preparation  was  crushing  and  mixing  with  different  plant  parts.  Deforestation,  agricultural
activities,  firewood  and  charcoal  are  major  threats  to  medicinal  plants  in  the  study  area.  It  is
recommended that isolating the main factors for the loss of medicinal plant and taking action is
the way of conservation. Instead of using firewood and charcoal, using alternative energy such as
biogas is advisable.
Additional file 1 of Barriers and facilitators to implementation of direct fruit and vegetables provision interventions in kindergartens and schools: a qualitative systematic review applying the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR)
Creators: name: Meshkovska, Biljana
name: Scheller, Daniel A.
name: Wendt, Janine
name: Jilani, Hannah
name: Scheidmeir, Marie
name: Stratil, Jan M.
name: Lien, Nanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Documentation of literature search and data extraction and analysis
THE EFFECT OF SCREENING DOORS AND WINDOWS ON INDOOR MALARIA TRANSMISSION, AND ITS DURABILITY AND COMMUNITY ACCEPTANCE IN ARBA MINCH TOWN, SOUTHWESTERN ETHIOPIA: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL
Creators: name: TEMESGEN ASHINE AMENU
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: There is a reduction in the burden of malaria globally due to extensive application of bed
nets, indoor residual spraying, effective drugs and diagnostic tools. To sustain the gain and
accelerate the current reduction, there is a need for locally adapted effective, sustainable and
community accepted supplementary intervention. Growing evidence suggests that improving
housing reduce indoor density of vectors and incidence of malaria. This study assessed the
effect of house screening intervention on indoor malaria transmission, and its durability, and
community acceptance. A randomized control trial with two arms (houses with screened
doors and windows and without these interventions) was conducted in Arba Minch Town,
southwestern Ethiopia. Both epidemiological and entomological data were collected to
evaluate the impact of screening doors and windows on incidence of malaria and indoor
density of malaria vectors. The frequency of damage to different structure of screening was
measured in two round examinations with pre-prepared checklist. In-depth interviews with
semi-structured questioner in Amharic language were conducted with purposely selectedhousehold heads from intervention group. A total of 477 participants, 50.1% (n = 239)
inhabitants of screened houses and 49.9% (n= 238) inhabitants of unscreened houses, were
followed for six months. Of 45 microscopically confirmed clinical malaria cases, 80 % (n =
36) were Plasmodium falciparum whereas the rest 20 % (n = 9) were Plasmodium vivax. The
incidence of P. falciparum malaria was low [Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR) 0.39, 95%
Confidence Interval (CI): 0.2 - 0.80, p = 0.01] among inhabitants of houses with screened
doors and windows compared to those living in unscreened houses. The Protective Efficacy
(PE) of screening doors and windows from clinical P. falciparum malaria was 61 % (95% CI:
18 - 83, p = 0.007). The mean indoor density of anopheline was 0.79 (95% Walad CI: 0.49,
1.25, p = 0.02) per CDC light trap per night, while it was 0 .35 (95% Walad CI: 0.22, 0.57) in
unscreened houses. The screened houses had 56% fewer anopheline and 54 % fewer culicine
compared to control houses. Among screened houses 97.9 % of screened windows and 63.8
% of screened doors were intact at eleven months of installation. Almost all participants of
in-depth interviews were willing to continue using the screening of doors and windows.
Screening of doors and windows are effective, durable and well-accepted means to controlindoor malaria transmission. Hence, currently available malaria control interventions can besupplemented with screening doors and windows with wire-mesh for further reducing and
ultimate eliminating of malaria.
CONSUMPTION PATTERN AND INDIGENOUS PROCESSING PRACTICES OF  Moringa stenopetala (Bak.f.) Cuf. : A CASE OF DEMBA GOFA DISTRICT SNNPR
Creators: name: RETA AZGE SHANKO
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Moringa  (Moringa stenopetala (Bak.f.) Cuf.) locally known as Haleko is common vegetable tree
native to the Southern  Ethiopia (Gamo Gofa, Wolaita,  Konso, Debub Omo and  Dherashe) and
grown  mainly  for  its  food  value.  It  is  a  drought  resistant  and  fast  growing  tree  that  has  high
nutritional  and  medicinal  value.  The  objective  of  this  study  was  to  assess  M.  stenopetala
consumption  pattern  and  indigenous  processing  practices  of  the  households  of  Demba  Gofa
Woreda of Gamo Gofa zone. Three kebeles namely, Zanga  awande, Sawla (Gurade) and Falka
tsawaye  of  Demba  Gofa  district  were  selected  purposively  for  this  study.  A  total  of  78
households  were  selected  using  systematic  random  sampling  technique  to  assess  the
consumption  pattern  and  indigenous  processing  practices.  Socio-economic  data  were  collected
through  questionnaire  and  scheduled  interview.  The  data  were  analyzed  using  descriptive
statistics. The finding showed  that  family size  and educational level  of  the households positively
influence  the  consumption  and  indigenous  processing.  However,  the  monthly  income  of  the
households influences  negatively  the consumption  and indigenous processing  of Moringa plant
in the study area.  It was found that most of the  local  people use indigenous processing practices
for leaf cooking but most of them did not know the Moringa leaf powder processing. However,
55%  of  the  respondents  were  traditionally  using  the  plant  to  treat  malaria.  The  consumption
status of Moringa was low. About  10%  of households were consuming  Moringa as daily food.
The  study  therefore  recommends  that  the  households  of  the  study  area  should  be  educated  to
build awareness for the benefit and effective consumption of Moringa.
Enumerative problems in algebraic geometry motivated from physics
Creators: name: Leigh, Oliver
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: This thesis contains two chapters which reflect the two main viewpoints of modern enumerative geometry. In chapter 1 we develop a theory for stable maps to curves with divisible ramification. For a fixed integer r>0, we show that the condition of every ramification locus being divisible by r is equivalent to the existence of an r-th root of a canonical section. We consider this condition in regards to both absolute and relative stable maps and construct natural moduli spaces in these situations. We construct an analogue of the Fantechi-Pandharipande branch morphism and when the domain curves are genus zero we construct a virtual fundamental class. This theory is anticipated to have applications to r-spin Hurwitz theory. In particular it is expected to provide a proof of the r-spin ELSV formula [SSZ'15, Conj. 1.4] when used with virtual localisation. In chapter 2 we further the study of the Donaldson-Thomas theory of the banana threefolds which were recently discovered and studied in [Bryan'19]. These are smooth proper Calabi-Yau threefolds which are fibred by Abelian surfaces such that the singular locus of a singular fibre is a non-normal toric curve known as a “banana configuration”. In [Bryan'19] the Donaldson-Thomas partition function for the rank 3 sub-lattice generated by the banana configurations is calculated. In this chapter we provide calculations with a view towards the rank 4 sub-lattice generated by a section and the banana configurations. We relate the findings to the KKV formula and present new Gopakumar-Vafa invariants for the banana threefold.
The Accuracy of Subhalo Detection
Creators: name: Muldrew, Stuart I.
name: Pearce, Frazer R.
name: Power, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the ever increasing resolution of N-body simulations, accurate subhalo detection is becoming essential in the study of the formation of structure, the production of merger trees and the seeding of semi-analytic models. To investigate the state of halo finders, we compare two different approaches to detecting subhaloes; the first based on overdensities in a halo and the second being adaptive mesh refinement. A set of stable mock NFW dark matter haloes were produced and a subhalo was placed at different radii within a larger halo. SUBFIND (a Friends-of-Friends based finder) and AHF (an adaptive mesh based finder) were employed to recover the subhalo. As expected, we found that the mass of the subhalo recovered by SUBFIND has a strong dependence on the radial position and that neither halo finder can accurately recover the subhalo when it is very near the centre of the halo. This radial dependence is shown to be related to the subhalo being truncated by the background density of the halo and originates due to the subhalo being defined as an overdensity. If the subhalo size is instead determined using the peak of the circular velocity profile, a much more stable value is recovered. The downside to this is that the maximum circular velocity is a poor measure of stripping and is affected by resolution. For future halo finders to recover all the particles in a subhalo, a search of phase space will need to be introduced.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Gender Stereotyping Impact in Facial Expression Recognition
Creators: name: Dominguez-Catena, Iris
name: Paternain, Daniel
name: Galar, Mikel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Facial Expression Recognition (FER) uses images of faces to identify the emotional state of users, allowing for a closer interaction between humans and autonomous systems. Unfortunately, as the images naturally integrate some demographic information, such as apparent age, gender, and race of the subject, these systems are prone to demographic bias issues. In recent years, machine learning-based models have become the most popular approach to FER. These models require training on large datasets of facial expression images, and their generalization capabilities are strongly related to the characteristics of the dataset. In publicly available FER datasets, apparent gender representation is usually mostly balanced, but their representation in the individual label is not, embedding social stereotypes into the datasets and generating a potential for harm. Although this type of bias has been overlooked so far, it is important to understand the impact it may have in the context of FER. To do so, we use a popular FER dataset, FER+, to generate derivative datasets with different amounts of stereotypical bias by altering the gender proportions of certain labels. We then proceed to measure the discrepancy between the performance of the models trained on these datasets for the apparent gender groups. We observe a discrepancy in the recognition of certain emotions between genders of up to $29 \%$ under the worst bias conditions. Our results also suggest a safety range for stereotypical bias in a dataset that does not appear to produce stereotypical bias in the resulting model. Our findings support the need for a thorough bias analysis of public datasets in problems like FER, where a global balance of demographic representation can still hide other types of bias that harm certain demographic groups.
description: Presented at SoGood 2022, The 7th Workshop on Data Science for Social Good, held in conjunction with ECML PKDD 2022, in September 2022, at Grenoble, France
Additional file 2 of Barriers and facilitators to implementation of direct fruit and vegetables provision interventions in kindergartens and schools: a qualitative systematic review applying the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR)
Creators: name: Meshkovska, Biljana
name: Scheller, Daniel A.
name: Wendt, Janine
name: Jilani, Hannah
name: Scheidmeir, Marie
name: Stratil, Jan M.
name: Lien, Nanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Definitions and Coding Clarifications
A Chandra study of the large-scale shock and cool filaments in Hydra A: Evidence for substantial gas dredge-up by the central outburst
Creators: name: Gitti, Myriam
name: Nulsen, Paul E. J.
name: David, Laurence P.
name: McNamara, Brian R.
name: Wise, Michael W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a Chandra study of the Hydra A galaxy cluster, where a powerful AGN outburst created a large-scale cocoon shock. We investigated possible azimuthal variations in shock strength and shape, finding indications for a weak shock with a Mach number in the range ~1.2-1.3. We measured the temperature change across the shock front. However, the detection of a temperature rise in the regions immediately inside of the front is complicated by the underlying temperature profile of the cluster atmosphere. We measured the global temperature profile of the cluster up to 700 kpc, which represents the farthest measurement obtained with Chandra for this cluster. A "plateau" in the temperature profile in the range ~70-150 kpc indicates the presence of cool gas, which is likely the result of uplift of material by the AGN outburst. After masking the cool filaments visible in the hardness ratio map, the plateau disappears and the temperature profile recovers a typical shape with a peak around 190 kpc, just inside the shock front. However, it is unlikely that such a temperature feature is produced by the shock as it is consistent with the general shape of the temperature profiles observed for relaxed galaxy clusters. We studied the spectral properties of the cool filaments finding evidence that ~10^11 M_sun of low-entropy material has been dredged up by the rising lobes from the central 30 kpc to the observed current position of 75-150 kpc. The energy required to lift the cool gas is >~2.2 x 10^60 erg, which is comparable to the work required to inflate the cavities and is ~25% of the total energy of the large-scale shock. Our results show that the AGN feedback in Hydra A is acting not only by directly heating the gas, but also by removing a substantial amount of potential fuel for the SMBH.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ (version with full resolution figures available at http://www.bo.astro.it/~myriam/files/papers/gitti-hydra.pdf)
Additional file 4 of Barriers and facilitators to implementation of direct fruit and vegetables provision interventions in kindergartens and schools: a qualitative systematic review applying the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR)
Creators: name: Meshkovska, Biljana
name: Scheller, Daniel A.
name: Wendt, Janine
name: Jilani, Hannah
name: Scheidmeir, Marie
name: Stratil, Jan M.
name: Lien, Nanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Quality assessment process notes
Multiple measurements on an uncollapsed entangled two-photon state
Creators: name: Javůrek, Dalibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relativity of simultaneity together with definition of a quantum state's collapse result into experimental situations, where a multiple measurements can be taken on an uncollapsed quantum state. A quantum state's collapse space-time distribution is shown in a reference frame of a detector measuring the quantum system and in a reference frame moving relative to the detector. From their inspection follows, that under certain conditions, multiple measurements are allowed on the same uncollapsed quantum state. An application of the developed approach is shown on measurement of photon-pair state entangled in polarizations and energy. I derive conditions, under which two measurements can be taken on the uncollapsed photon-pair state. From allowance of multiple measurements on the same uncollapsed state follow serious consequences. For example, the measurements taken by both detectors in this situation are uncorrelated. Moreover, all the conservation laws could be violated in individual measurements, but not in mean value. This statement is proved on the two-photon state entangled in energy. This is in contradiction with experimental results observed by the detectors in rest relative to each other. If experimental results of the proposed experiment disagree with the predictions -- results measured on the quantum state are correlated, new space-time distribution of the quantum state's collapse, different from the Copenhagen interpretation, has to be proposed for proper solution of this situation.
Vaccination contre le paludisme
Creators: name: MURA, Marie
Publisher: name: MTSI
Year: 2023

description: Vaccination against malaria Vaccination against malaria is an old dream that reemerged in 2015 with the European Medicines Agency’s favourable opinion on a first antimalarial vaccine, RTS,S/AS01. Six years later, the World Health Organization (WHO) is advising a wide deployment of this vaccine in sub-Saharan Africa and in regions with high and moderate transmission where Plasmodium falciparum circulates. This follows favourable results from the pilot programme in Ghana, Kenya and Malawi involving over 800,000 children since 2019. This article addresses the objectives and main vaccine candidates targeting the different stages of parasite development, highlighting the progress and limitations of these different approaches. The RTS,S saga has been a milestone in vaccine development, with a first-generation vaccine recommended by the WHO for use in children over 5 months of age in sub-Saharan Africa and other areas of moderate to high transmission of P. falciparum malaria, in combination with other prevention measures. Research efforts continue to better understand the correlates of protection. With advances in vaccine platforms, new multi-antigen, multi-stage, and even multi-species ap-proaches might emerge and brighten the horizon for malaria control. Vaccination contre le paludisme L’espoir d’une vaccination contre le paludisme commence à se dessiner concrètement depuis 2015 avec l’avis favorable de l’Agence européenne du médicament sur un premier vaccin antipaludique, RTS,S/AS01. Six ans plus tard, l’Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) conseille un large déploiement de ce vaccin en Afrique subsaharienne et dans les régions à transmission forte et modérée où circule Plasmodium falciparum. Cette décision fait suite aux résultats favorables du programme pilote réalisé au Ghana, au Kenya et au Malawi sur plus de 800 000 enfants depuis 2019. Cet article décrit les objectifs et les principaux candidats vaccinaux ciblant les différents stades de développement du parasite, en soulignant les progrès et les limites de ces différentes approches. L’épopée RTS,S a été une étape clé dans le développement vaccinal, avec un vaccin de première génération recommandé par l’OMS chez les enfants de plus de 5 mois en Afrique subsaharienne et dans d’autres régions où la transmission du paludisme à P. falciparum est modérée ou forte, en association avec les autres mesures de prévention. Les efforts de recherche continuent pour mieux comprendre les corrélats de protection. Grâce aux progrès des plateformes vaccinales, de nouvelles approches multi-antigéniques, multistades, voire multi-espèces pourraient voir le jour et éclaircir l’horizon de la lutte contre le paludisme.
description: MTSI, Vol. 3 No 2 (2023): MTSI-Revue
AEGIS: A Multi-wavelength Study of Spitzer Power-law Galaxies
Creators: name: Park, S. Q.
name: Barmby, P.
name: Willner, S. P.
name: Ashby, M. L. N.
name: Fazio, G. G.
name: Georgakakis, A.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Konidaris, N. P.
name: Miyazaki, S.
name: Nandra, K.
name: Rosario, D. J. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper analyzes a sample of 489 Spitzer/IRAC sources in the Extended Groth Strip whose spectral energy distributions fit a red power law from 3.6 to 8.0 \micron. The median for sources with known redshift is =1.6. Though all or nearly all of the sample are likely to be active galactic nuclei, only 33% were detected in the EGS X-ray survey (AEGIS-X) using 200 ks Chandra observations. The detected sources are X-ray luminous with L_X > 10^43 erg/s and moderately to heavily obscured with N_H > 10^22 cm^-2. Stacking the X-ray-undetected sample members yields a statistically significant X-ray signal, suggesting that they are on average more distant or more obscured than sources with X-ray detections. The ratio of X-ray to mid-infrared fluxes suggests that a substantial fraction of the sources undetected in X-rays are obscured at the Compton-thick level, in contrast to the X-ray-detected sources, all of which appear to be Compton-thin. For the X-ray-detected power-law sources with redshifts, an X-ray luminosity L_X ~ 10^44 erg/s marks a transition between low-luminosity, blue sources dominated by the host galaxy to high-luminosity, red power-law sources dominated by nuclear activity. X-ray-to-optical ratios, infrared variability, and 24 micron properties of the sample are consistent with the identification of infrared power-law sources as active nuclei, but a rough estimate is that only 22% of AGNs are selected by the power law criteria. Comparison of the power-law selection technique and various IRAC color criteria for identifying AGNs confirms that high-redshift samples selected via simple IRAC colors may be heavily contaminated by starlight-dominated objects.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Corrected figures 9, 12, 13, 15, 19, and some references in v3
Dans le sillage d’Alphonse Laveran
Creators: name: BERCHE, Patrick
Publisher: name: MTSI
Year: 2023

description: In the wake of Alphonse Laveran Alphonse Laveran (Nobel Prize 1907) played a pioneering role in discovering the causative agent of malaria, a disease that has existed since time immemorial, and long emblematic of the miasma theory until the end of the 19th century. In 1880, this unknown military doctor discovered the role of a hematazoan in malaria, designated Plasmodium. This was the first protozoan to be discovered in an infectious disease, at a time when bacteria were mainly suspected. This major discovery led to the identification of the role of mosquitoes in the spread of malaria by Ronald Ross (Nobel Prize 1902) and Battista Grassi. The recurrence of malaria attacks over many years was for a long time an enigma only solved after the Second World War by the discovery of the exo-erythrocytic cycle of Plasmodium. Progress was then made in treatment, from cinchona bark, quinine and chloroquine, to the recent discovery of artemisinin in 1972 by the Chinese researcher Tu Youyou (Nobel Prize 2015). Dans le sillage d’Alphonse Laveran Alphonse Laveran (prix Nobel 1907) a joué un rôle pionnier en découvrant l’agent responsable du paludisme, une maladie qui existe depuis des temps immémoriaux, et longtemps emblématique de la théorie des miasmes jusqu’à la fin du XIXe siècle. En 1880, ce médecin militaire inconnu a mis au jour le rôle d’un hématozoaire dans la malaria, désigné Plasmodium. C’était le premier protozoaire dont le rôle était découvert dans une maladie infectieuse, à une époque où les bactéries étaient principalement soupçonnées. Cette découverte majeure a entraîné dans son sillage la mise en évidence du rôle des moustiques dans la propagation de la malaria par Ronald Ross (prix Nobel 1902) et Battista Grassi. La récurrence des accès palustres pendant des années a longtemps été une énigme qui ne fut résolue qu’après la Seconde Guerre mondiale par la découverte du cycle exo-érythrocytaire des Plasmodium. Les progrès ont ensuite concerné le traitement, allant de l’écorce de quinquina, la quinine, la chloroquine, jusque récemment l’artémisinine découverte en 1972 par la chercheuse chinoise Tu Youyou (prix Nobel 2015).
description: MTSI, Vol. 3 No 2 (2023): MTSI-Revue
FACTORS IMPACTING TEACHER RETENTION: SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS' PERCEPTION OF SUPPORTS
Creators: name: Chang, Elizabeth S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: special education teachers
teacher attrition
teacher retention
social-emotional support
shared decision making
teacher-centered support

description: A shortage of special education teachers continues to exist in schools and districts. The study aimed to develop a greater understanding of support desired by special education teachers. The type of supports perceived by teachers often impacts teachers’ decisions to stay or leave. The phenomenological approach was used in this study to understand how special education teachers perceive current supports or lack of supports provided by leadership. Qualitative surveys and interviews explored types of supports provided at the time of the study. The research demonstrated four themes: (a) mistrust with district administrators, (b) lack of collaboration, (c) needs not being met, and (d) connection with leaders at the school site level. The findings of this study highlight the need for providing effective supports for special education teachers, which may help with teacher retention.
The Zak transform: a framework for quantum computation with the Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill code
Creators: name: Pantaleoni, Giacomo
name: Baragiola, Ben Q.
name: Menicucci, Nicolas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) code encodes a qubit into a bosonic mode using periodic wavefunctions. This periodicity makes the GKP code a natural setting for the Zak transform, which is tailor-made to provide a simple description for periodic functions. We review the Zak transform and its connection to a Zak basis of states in Hilbert space, decompose the shift operators that underpin the stabilizers and the correctable errors, and we find that Zak transforms of the position wavefunction appear naturally in GKP error correction. We construct a new bosonic subsystem decomposition (SSD) -- the modular variable SSD -- by dividing a mode's Hilbert space, expressed in the Zak basis, into that of a virtual qubit and a virtual gauge mode. Tracing over the gauge mode gives a logical-qubit state, and preceding the trace with a particular logical-gauge interaction gives a different logical state -- that associated to GKP error correction.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Multiple Tidal Disruptions as an Indicator of Binary Super-Massive Black Hole Systems
Creators: name: Wegg, Christopher
name: Bode, J. Nate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that the majority of systems hosting multiple tidal disruptions are likely to contain hard binary SMBH systems, and also show that the rates of these repeated events are high enough to be detected by LSST over its lifetime. Therefore, these multiple tidal disruption events provide a novel method to identify super-massive black hole (SMBH) binary systems with parsec to sub-parsec separations. The rates of tidal disruptions are investigated using simulations of non-interacting stars initially orbiting a primary SMBH and the potential of the model stellar cusp. The stars are then evolved forward in time and perturbed by a secondary SMBH inspiraling from the edge of the cusp to its stalling radius. We find with conservative magnitude estimates that the next generation transient survey LSST should detect multiple tidal disruptions in approximately 3 galaxies over 5 years of observation, though less conservative estimates could increase this rate by an order of magnitude.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Towards overcoming the deficiencies of recently evolved biodegradative enzymes
Creators: name: Hernandez, Nancy
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: This thesis describes a computational protein engineering approach, which utilizes protein assemblies and enzyme engineering, for the biodegradation of an endocrine disruptor and common pollutant, atrazine, and describes all the experimental approaches that were used to further characterize the designed enzymes. A computational generalizable approach for designing fusion proteins that can self-assembly into fractal-like morphologies on the 10 nm – 10 µM length scale was developed. This approach will allow for any set of oligomeric proteins (with cyclic, dihedral, and other symmetries) to form multivalent connections along with designed flexible loops enabling the control of size of a fractal shaped assembly.  Our current approach utilizes the SH2 binding domain-pY peptide to allow for a stimulus control of assembly formation through the post-translational modification of phosphorylation. This same generalizable approach can be applied to other metabolic pathways with other domain-peptide recognition proteins with various different responsiveness to other chemicals or physical stimuli. The phase to phase transition that the assembly produces under self-assembly has the potential to provide various applications, such as creating protein-based nanobiomaterials or creating nanocages (in our case protein fractals) to sequester antibodies and easily precipitate out the antibody as needed. In addition to engineering a stimulus responsive protein fractal assembly, the bottle neck enzyme in the biodegradation of atrazine, atzC, was computationally engineered to improve the catalytic efficiency of other known pollutants, N-t-butylammelide and ammelide. This general approach for computationally designing the active site of an enzyme by probing with energetically acceptable substitutions in the various shells of the protein (first and second shell), not including the active site, but instead focusing on mutations nearby the active site resulted in successfully designing variants of atzC with a broadened s-triazine substrate spectrum. To summarize, this dissertation presents a novel and innovative approach for engineering fractal self-assembly of enzymes and explores the design approach for engineering an enzyme with limited abilities for novel substrates.
Additional file 1 of Circulating tumor cell gene expression and plasma AR gene copy number as biomarkers for castration-resistant prostate cancer patients treated with cabazitaxel
Creators: name: Gurioli, Giorgia
name: Conteduca, Vincenza
name: Brighi, Nicole
name: Scarpi, Emanuela
name: Basso, Umberto
name: Fornarini, Giuseppe
name: Mosca, Alessandra
name: Nicodemo, Maurizio
name: Banna, Giuseppe Luigi
name: Lolli, Cristian
name: Schepisi, Giuseppe
name: Ravaglia, Giorgia
name: Bondi, Isabella
name: Ulivi, Paola
name: De Giorgi, Ugo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Correlation analysis of gene expression biomarkers; we performed an analysis to evaluate the correlation of all the biomarkers considered.
Probing Non-leptonic Two-body Decays of $B_c$ meson
Creators: name: Fu, Hui-feng
name: Jiang, Yue
name: Kim, C. S.
name: Wang, Guo-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rates and CP asymmetries of the non-leptonic two-body decay of $B_c$ are calculated based on the low energy effective Hamiltonian. We concentrate on such $b$ quark decays of the processes with $0^-$ and $1^-$ S-wave particles and/or $0^+$ and $1^+$ P-wave particles in the final states. The Salpeter method, which is the relativistic instantaneous approximation of the original Bethe-Salpeter equation, is used to derive hadron transition matrix elements. Based on the calculation, it is found that the best decay channels to observe CP violation are $B_c^-\rightarrow η_c +D^-(D^{*-}_0)$, which need about $\sim10^7$ $B_c$ events in experiment. Decays to $ η_c +D^{*-}(D_s^-), h_c+D^-(D^{*-})(D^{*-}_0), J/Ψ+D^{*-}$ are also hopeful channels.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, 7 tables
MALARIA  TRANSMISSION  AND  LONG-LASTING  INSECTICIDAL  NETS  UTILIZATION  IN  QELO  VILLAGE,  DAWA  CHEFA  DISTRICT,  OROMIYA ZONE: A RETROSPECTIVE AND PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Creators: name: KELEM GETU ADUGNA
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Malaria  is  the  leading  public  health  problem  in  Ethiopia.  The  transmission  pattern  is
heterogeneous  and  varies  between  villages.  Thereby  understanding  the  local  malaria
transmission  patterns  and  vector  control  activities  are  crucial  for  implementation  of  effective
malaria  control  strategies.  Therefore,  this  study  focused  on  assessing  the  patterns  of  malaria
transmission and its control activities in Qelo village in Dawa Chefa District.  A five year  (2010
to 2014)  retrospective malaria data was obtained from health post record. A prospective study
was also employed to describe the prevalence of malaria and its vector control activities in Qelo
village.  A proportional sample of population from eight sub-villages was  included and followed
for four months from February 2015 to May 2015 using both passive and active surveillances.
416  households  were  visited  to  assess  the  LLINs  coverage  and  use  rate.  A  total  of  756  RDT
confirmed malaria cases were recorded from 2010 to 2014.  Plasmodium falciparum  (87 %; 656
of 756) was the predominant malaria parasite in the village,  and it was sharply declined in 2011
and  remained  low  in  the  successive  years.  The  peak  malaria  transmission  was  between
September  and  November,  following  the  rainy  months  of  June-August.  During  the  follow-up
study period, 48 febrile cases (18 males and 30 females) were referred to health posts, of which
12  were  RDT  P.  falciparum  positive.  The  positivity  rate  among  the  febrile  cases  for  P.
falciparum  was  25  %  (95%  CI:  13.6%-39.4%).  Eleven  Plasmodium  positive  cases  were
documented  from  the  study  households  by  passive  cases  surveillance.  P.  falciparum  was  the
dominant (9 of 11), followed by  P.  vivax  malaria (2 of 11). The overall prevalence of malaria
was  1.17%  (95%  CI:  0.74%-1.75%).  The  LLINs  coverage  of  the  households  was  very  high
(98.8%),  while  the  number  of  people  who  slept  under  LLINs  the  night  before  visit  was  low
(50.6%; four months average). However, the bed nets use rate was higher (72%) in < 1 years of
age  children  (were  protected  by  LLINs)  than  other  age  groups.  The  warm  environmental
condition  was  the  most  likely  reason  (38.5%)  for  not  using  LLINs  in  the  night  before  visit.
Moreover, many households (78%) hang mosquito nets outdoors for different purposes (bed nets
misuse was common). Finally, there was  a considerable discrepancy between  LLINs coverage
and  utilization  of  the  LLIN.  Hence,  there  is  a  need  to  work  to  increase  the  awareness  of
community on utilization of bed nets, and minimize LLINs misuse.