Rhingiopsis enderleini Lindner 1928
Creators: name: Fachin, Diego Aguilar
name: Zichinelli, Marcela Maria Parada
name: Barrett, Bolívar Rafael Garcete
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Stratiomyidae
Rhingiopsis
Rhingiopsis enderleini

description: enderleini Lindner, 1928 (lectotype and paralectotypes, Figs 43–51)
Rhingiopsis enderleini Lindner, 1928a: 100; 98, fig. 6 (immature stage, body dorsal); 100, figs 7 (immature stage, head) and 8–9 (head of female and male in lateral view, respectively). Lectotype:
1 female (SMNS), by present designation (see comments). Type locality: Paraguay: Argentina, San José. Paralectotypes, by present designation: 1 male (SMNS). Type locality: Santa Trinidad (= Asunción, Santísima Trinidad); 2 females (one female originally stated as male, see Woodley 2001: 293) (DEI), 2 males and 1 female (unknown depository institution, according to Woodley 2001: 293). Type locality: Paraguay: Santa Trinidad (= Asunción, Santísima Trinidad).
References. James, 1973a: 26.45 (cat., Paraguay not mentioned); Woodley, 2001: 293 (cat.).
Distribution. Argentina, Paraguay (Asunción: Santísima Trinidad [as Santa Trinidad]).
Comments. Lindner (1928a: 100) listed, in the original description, five specimens (three males and two females). Of these five specimens, one female was collected by himself in northern Argentina in X.25 (= October 1925) (this is the SMNS specimen No. 007140, Figs 48–51), labeled as “Type 1927” (by Lindner himself). The other specimens were from Zürcher, who collected larvae from the tree holes of Poinciana regia in Paraguay, and reared them to adults. Although Lindner did not indicate the number of larvae collected, he said that Zürcher reared both sexes, in June (VI) and October (X) of 1914 (these dates are the collecting dates of the larvae). Two of the reared specimens are likely the females deposited in DEI and according to Rolhfien & Ewald (1979: 202), one specimen is labeled “ Paraguay, Sa. Trinidad, I. XII.1914 ”, with additional labels that read “Cotype! 1928” (in Lindner’s handwriting), “Cotypus”, and “ Paratypus ” (both printed labels, added later) (Figs 52–53); and another specimen labeled “ Paraguay, Sa. Trinidad, 9.XI.1914 ”, with additional labels that read “Type! 1928” (this added by Lindner) and “Typus” (this added later) (Figs 55–55). The dates on these two specimens, XII and XI, are very likely the emerging dates of the adults out of the puparia. The only male (of three) we found, deposited in SMNS (Figs 43–47), is labeled as “Cotype 1928” by Lindner. It has a printed label with the month “X” and the last two digits of the year “13”, both handwritten (Fig. 45), indicating that the specimen was collected in X.1913. This male has a second label, entirely in Lindner’s handwriting, that reads “ Paraguay / Sa. Trinidad / X.1911 ” (Fig. 47). Both dates are prior to 1914, which was the year Zürcher collected the larvae (according to Lindner’s publication). It is not clear if this specimen was reared by Zürcher as well, and Lindner did not record all the data correctly, or if this is a specimen Zürcher collected as an adult. It is probable that the correct date is X.1913, as this is the date on Zürcher label and it also matches the period Zürcher was in the Paraguay, from 1913–1915, according to Lindner (1928a: 94, line 8). The fact that Lindner designated a “Type” and a “Cotype” twice (in 1927 and 1928) and deposited them in two different collections, indicated that he was not very diligent with his notes, he also listed this species in his 1929 paper, in the introduction, as “ Rhingiopsis Enderleini nov. spec. ”, although mentions later in the text that the description was published in the previous year. We consider all four specimens as syntypes, and if there are some of the larvae still in the DEI collection, they should also be considered part of the syntype series.
In summary, we examined four specimens of the type series, one male and one female deposited in the SMNS collection, each with a handwritten label added by Lindner himself that reads “Cotype” and “Type”, respectively, and two females (originally one female was stated as male in Woodley 2001: 293) deposited in the DEI collection, each with a handwritten label that reads “Cotype” and “Type” as well. Lindner did not designate a holotype but indiscriminately labeled two female specimens as “Type” (Figs 48–51 and 55–57). In the interest of stabilizing the taxonomic concept of this taxon and because the female specimen from Argentina (Figs 48–51) is the only one Lindner specifically mentioned in his paper, we are designating this female from SMNS as a lectotype, therefore all remaining specimens should be considered paralectotypes. Of the five specimens originally mentioned by Lindner (three males and two females), we have found one male and three females. This discrepancy might be because of Lindner’s superficial note keeping, and he might have been confused about the numbers and sexes of the material he had seen. But it is very likely that there are some more specimens (adults and larvae) in the DEI or in other collections, which might belong to the original syntype series. Woodley (2001: 293), listed seven syntypes, but besides the four here examined, the depository institution of other two males and one female remains unknown, and he could not remember why he included more specimens than Lindner did (Woodley pers. comm.).
Lindner (1928a: 100) described this species from Argentina and Paraguay, but in the Neotropical catalog (James 1973a: 26.45), Paraguay was not included in the distribution of the species, which was later added in the World catalog of the family (Woodley 2001: 293).
description: Published as part of Fachin, Diego Aguilar, Zichinelli, Marcela Maria Parada & Barrett, Bolívar Rafael Garcete, 2022, An illustrated checklist of Stratiomyidae (Diptera: Brachycera) from Paraguay with three new synonyms and 22 new records of species for the country, pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 5190 (1) on pages 35-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5190.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7119906