cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accretion and outflow from a magnetized, neutrino cooled torus around the gamma ray burst central engine
Creators: name: Janiuk, Agnieszka
name: Mioduszewski, Patryk
name: Moscibrodzka, Monika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the structure and short-term evolution of a gamma ray burst central engine in the form of a turbulent torus accreting onto a stellar mass black hole. Our models apply to the short gamma ray burst events, in which a remnant torus forms after the neutron star-black hole or a double neutron star merger and is subsequently accreted. We study the 2-dimensional, relativistic models and concentrate on the effects of black hole and flow parameters as well as the neutrino cooling. We compare the resulting structure and neutrino emission to the results of our previous 1-dimensional simulations. We find that the neutrino cooled torus launches a powerful mass outflow, which contributes to the total neutrino luminosity and mass loss from the system. The neutrino luminosity may exceed the Blandford-Znajek luminosity of the polar jets and the subsequent annihilation of neutrino-antineutrino pairs will provide an additional source of power to the GRB emission.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures; accepted by Astrophysical Journal
Hubble Space Telescope Pre-Perihelion ACS/WFC Imaging Polarimetry of Comet ISON (C/2012 S1) at 3.81 AU
Creators: name: Hines, Dean C.
name: Videen, Gorden
name: Zubko, Evgenij
name: Muinonen, Karri
name: Shkuratov, Yuriy
name: Kaydash, Vadim G.
name: Knight, Matthew M.
name: Sitko, Michael L.
name: Lisse, Carey M.
name: Mutchler, Max
name: Hammer, Derek
name: Yanamandra-Fisher, Padmavati A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present polarization images of Comet ISON (C/2012 S1) taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) on UTC 2013 May 8 (rh = 3.81 AU, Delta = 4.34 AU), when the phase angle was alpha = 12.16 degrees. This phase angle is approximately centered in the negative polarization branch for cometary dust. The region beyond 1000 km from the nucleus shows a negative polarization amplitude of p% -1.6%. Within 1000 km of the nucleus, the polarization position angle rotates to be approximately perpendicular to the scattering plane, with an amplitude p% +2.5%. Such positive polarization has been observed previously as a characteristic feature of cometary jets, and we show that Comet ISON does indeed harbor a jet-like feature. These HST observations of Comet ISON represent the first visible light, imaging polarimetry with sub-arcsecond spatial resolution of a Nearly Isotropic Comet (NIC) beyond 3.8 AU from the Sun at a small phase angle. The observations provide an early glimpse of the properties of the cometary dust preserved in this Oort-cloud comet.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Additional file 2 of Severe subcutaneous infection with Clostridium septicum in a herd of native Icelandic horses
Creators: name: Oddsdóttir, Charlotta
name: Sigurðardóttir, Ólöf G.
name: Friðriksdóttir, Vala
name: Svansson, Vilhjálmur
name: Bragason, Birkir Þór
name: Björnsdóttir, Sigríður
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Results from a QUAST analysis of genome assemblies.
The LBT Bootes Field Survey: I. The Rest-frame UV and Luminosity Functions and Clustering of Bright Lyman Break Galaxies at z~3
Creators: name: Bian, Fuyan
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Jiang, Linhua
name: McGreer, Ian
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Green, Richard
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Lee, Kyoung-Soo
name: Dave, Romeel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep LBT/LBC U-band imaging survey (9 deg2) covering the NOAO Bootes field. A total of 14,485 Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) at z~3 are selected, which are used to measure the rest-frame UV luminosity function (LF). The large sample size and survey area reduce the LF uncertainties due to Poisson statistics and cosmic variance by >3 compared to previous studies. At the bright end, the LF shows excess power compared to the best-fit Schechter function, which can be attributed to the contribution of $z\sim3$ quasars. We compute the rest-frame near-infrared LF and stellar mass function (SMF) of z~3 LBGs based on the R-band and IRAC [4.5 micro m]-band flux relation. We investigate the evolution of the UV LFs and SMFs between z~7 and z~3, which supports a rising star formation history in the LBGs. We study the spatial correlation function of two bright LBG samples and estimate their average host halo mass. We find a tight relation between the host halo mass and the galaxy star formation rate (SFR),which follows the trend predicted by the baryonic accretion rate onto the halo, suggesting that the star formation in LBGs is fueled by baryonic accretion through the cosmic web. By comparing the SFRs with the total baryonic accretion rates, we find that cosmic star formation efficiency is about 5%-20% and it does not evolve significantly with redshift, halo mass, or galaxy luminosity.
description: 23 pages and 17 figures, Accepted by ApJ
Visit-to-Visit Variability of Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Diaz, Keith
name: Tanner, Rikki M.
name: Falzon, Louise
name: Levitan, Emily B.
name: Reynolds, Kristi
name: Shimbo, Daichi
name: Muntner, Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Cardiovascular system--Diseases--Etiology
Meta-analysis
Cardiovascular system--Diseases--Mortality
Blood pressure--Measurement
Medical sciences
Medicine
Public health

description: Visit-to-visit variability of blood pressure (BP) has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in some but not all studies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the association between visit-to-visit variability of BP and CVD and all-cause mortality. Medical databases were searched through June 4, 2014, for studies meeting the following eligibility criteria: adult participants; BP measurements at ≥3 visits; follow-up for CVD, coronary heart disease, stroke, or mortality outcomes; events confirmed via database, death certificate, or event ascertainment committee; and adjustment for confounders. Data were extracted by 2 reviewers and pooled using a random-effects model. Overall, 8870 abstracts were identified of which 37 studies, representing 41 separate cohorts, met inclusion criteria. Across studies, visit-to-visit variability of systolic BP and diastolic BP showed significant associations with outcomes in 181 of 312 (58.0%) and 61 of 188 (32.4%) analyses, respectively. Few studies provided sufficient data for pooling risk estimates. For each 5 mm Hg higher SD of systolic BP, the pooled hazard ratio for stroke across 7 cohorts was 1.17 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07–1.28), for coronary heart disease across 4 cohorts was 1.27 (95% CI, 1.07–1.51), for CVD across 5 cohorts was 1.12 (95% CI, 0.98–1.28), for CVD mortality across 5 cohorts was 1.22 (95% CI, 1.09–1.35), and for all-cause mortality across 4 cohorts was 1.20 (95% CI, 1.05–1.36). In summary, modest associations between visit-to-visit variability of BP and CVD and all-cause mortality are present in published studies. However, these findings are limited by the small amount of data available for meta-analysis.
Modular genome-wide gene expression architecture shared by early traits of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis: The Young Finns Study
Creators: name: Hamal Mishra Binisha
name: Mishra P Pashupati
name: Raitoharju Emma
name: Marttila Saara
name: Mononen Nina
name: Sievänen Harri
name: Viikari Jorma
name: Juonala Markus
name: Laaksonen Marika
name: Hutri-Kähönen Nina
name: Kähönen Mika
name: T. Raitakari Olli
name: Lehtimäki Terho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, comorbidity, gene expression data, weighted co-expression network analysis, MANOVA, pathway analysis

description: The research focuses on the co-morbidity study of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis.
Accuracy of generalized gradient approximation functionals for density functional perturbation theory calculations
Creators: name: He, Lianhua
name: Liu, Fang
name: Hautier, Geoffroy
name: Oliveira, Micael J. T.
name: Marques, Miguel A. L.
name: Vila, Fernando D.
name: Rehr, J. J.
name: Rignanese, G. -M.
name: Zhou, Aihui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the validity of various exchange-correlation functionals for computing the structural, vibrational, dielectric, and thermodynamical properties of materials in the framework of density-functional perturbation theory (DFPT). We consider five generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) functionals (PBE, PBEsol, WC, AM05, and HTBS) as well as the local density approximation (LDA) functional. We investigate a wide variety of materials including a semiconductor (silicon), a metal (copper), and various insulators (SiO$_2$ $α$-quartz and stishovite, ZrSiO$_4$ zircon, and MgO periclase). For the structural properties, we find that PBEsol and WC are the closest to the experiments and AM05 performs only slightly worse. All three functionals actually improve over LDA and PBE in contrast with HTBS, which is shown to fail dramatically for $α$-quartz. For the vibrational and thermodynamical properties, LDA performs surprisingly very good. In the majority of the test cases, it outperforms PBE significantly and also the WC, PBEsol and AM05 functionals though by a smaller margin (and to the detriment of structural parameters). On the other hand, HTBS performs also poorly for vibrational quantities. For the dielectric properties, none of the functionals can be put forward. They all (i) fail to reproduce the electronic dielectric constant due to the well-known band gap problem and (ii) tend to overestimate the oscillator strengths (and hence the static dielectric constant).
Tragelaphus spekei Speke 1863
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Tragelaphus
Tragelaphus spekei

description: Tragelaphus spekei Speke, 1863, in Journal of the Discovery of the Source of the Nile, p. 223. TYPE LOCALITY: Tanzania, Karaque, west of Lake Victoria. DISTRIBUTION: Gambia to S.W. Ethiopia, south to Angola, Namibia, N.W. Botswana, and South Africa. COMMENT: The specific name is usually attributed to Sclater, 1864. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix III (Ghana). ISIS NUMBER: 5301419009008006001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Artiodactyla, pp. 315-343 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 343, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352976
A comprehensive near and far ultraviolet spectroscopic study of the hot DA white dwarf G191-B2B
Creators: name: Preval, Simon P.
name: Barstow, Martin A.
name: Holberg, Jay B.
name: Dickinson, Nathan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed spectroscopic analysis of the hot DA white dwarf G191-B2B, using the best signal to noise, high resolution near and far UV spectrum obtained to date. This is constructed from co-added \textit{HST} STIS E140H, E230H, and \textit{FUSE} observations, covering the spectral ranges of 1150-3145Å\, and 910-1185Å\, respectively. With the aid of recently published atomic data, we have been able to identify previously undetected absorption features down to equivalent widths of only a few mÅ. In total, 976 absorption features have been detected to $3σ$ confidence or greater, with 947 of these lines now possessing an identification, the majority of which are attributed to Fe and Ni transitions. In our survey, we have also potentially identified an additional source of circumstellar material originating from Si {\sc iii}. While we confirm the presence of Ge detected by \citet{vennes05a}, we do not detect any other species. Furthermore, we have calculated updated abundances for C, N, O, Si, P, S, Fe, and Ni, while also calculating, for the first time, an NLTE abundance for Al, deriving Al {\sc iii}/H=$1.60_{-0.08}^{+0.07}\times{10}^{-7}$. Our analysis constitutes what is the most complete spectroscopic survey of any white dwarf. All observed absorption features in the \textit{FUSE} spectrum have now been identified, and relatively few remain elusive in the STIS spectrum.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, 12 tables; Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
The Relative Health Burden of Selected Social and Behavioral Risk Factors in the United States: Implications for Policy
Creators: name: Muennig, Peter A.
name: Fiscella, Kevin
name: Tancredi, Daniel
name: Franks, Peter
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Diseases--Risk factors
Smoking--Health aspects
Poverty--Health aspects
Public health
Medical sciences

description: Objectives. We sought to quantify the potential health impact of selected medical and nonmedical policy changes within the United States. Methods. Using data from the 1997–2000 National Health Interview Surveys (linked to mortality data through 2002) and the 1996–2002 Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys, we calculated age-specific health-related quality-of-life scores and mortality probabilities for 8 social and behavioral risk factors. We then used Markov models to estimate the quality-adjusted life years lost. Results. Ranked quality-adjusted life years lost were income less than 200% of the poverty line versus 200% or greater (464 million; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 368, 564); current-smoker versus never-smoker (329 million; 95% CI = 226, 382); body mass index 30 or higher versus 20 to less than 25 (205 million; 95% CI = 159, 269); non-Hispanic Black versus non-Hispanic White (120 million; 95% CI = 83, 163); and less than 12 years of school relative to 12 or more (74 million; 95% CI = 52, 101). Binge drinking, overweight, and health insurance have relatively less influence on population health. Conclusions. Poverty, smoking, and high-school dropouts impose the greatest burden of disease in the United States.
Systemic glucose variability predicts cerebral metabolic distress and mortality after subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective observational study
Creators: name: Kurtz, Pedro
name: Claassen, Jan
name: Helbok, Raimund
name: Schmidt, J. Michael
name: Fernandez, Luis M
name: Presciutti, Mary R
name: Stuart, R
name: Connolly, Edward S.
name: Lee, Kiwon
name: Badjatia, Neeraj
name: Mayer, Stephan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Brain--Metabolism
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Glucose
Medicine

description: Introduction: Cerebral glucose metabolism and energy production are affected by serum glucose levels. Systemic glucose variability has been shown to be associated with poor outcome in critically ill patients. The objective of this study was to assess whether glucose variability is associated with cerebral metabolic distress and outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods: A total of 28 consecutive comatose patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, who underwent cerebral microdialysis and intracranial pressure monitoring, were studied. Metabolic distress was defined as lactate/pyruvate ratio (LPR) >40. The relationship between daily glucose variability, the development of cerebral metabolic distress and hospital outcome was analyzed using a multivariable general linear model with a logistic link function for dichotomized outcomes. Results: Daily serum glucose variability was expressed as the standard deviation (SD) of all serum glucose measurements. General linear models were used to relate this predictor variable to cerebral metabolic distress and mortality at hospital discharge. A total of 3,139 neuromonitoring hours and 181 days were analyzed. After adjustment for Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and brain glucose, SD was independently associated with higher risk of cerebral metabolic distress (adjusted odds ratio = 1.5 (1.1 to 2.1), P = 0.02). Increased variability was also independently associated with in hospital mortality after adjusting for age, Hunt Hess, daily GCS and symptomatic vasospasm (P = 0.03). Conclusions: Increased systemic glucose variability is associated with cerebral metabolic distress and increased hospital mortality. Therapeutic approaches that reduce glucose variability may impact on brain metabolism and outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Roles and capabilities in open design-led distributed value creation settings (Deliverable 4.2)
Creators: name: Bakırlıoğlu, Yekta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open design
business model
distributed production
distributed value creation
maker
entrepreneur
distributed value creation network

description: This deliverable presents the outcomes of a survey aiming to reveal an initial understanding of how value-creation-for-self (i.e., responsible consumers, active users, prosumers/ makers/DIY-ers) and value-creation-for-others (i.e., local, regional, global/mass producers) stakeholders perceive their roles in open design-led distributed value creation settings of electrical household appliances. There were 166 respondents from Turkey, answering questions on their existing capabilities, their potential forms of participation and the capabilities they need or have access to at the design, production and post-use stages. The exploratory nature of the survey revealed key considerations regarding the potentials for and barriers against distributed value creation networks in general, and specifically for electrical household appliances. Please cite as:  Yekta Bakırlıoğlu. (2022). Roles and capabilities in open design-led distributed value creation settings (Deliverable 4.2). Ankara: DF-MOD Project 120C213 – TÜBİTAK-H2020 MSCA-CoFund. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7128993
description: This publication has been produced as part of the DF-MOD project (Project No: 120C213) funded by the 2236 Co-Funded Brain Circulation Scheme2 (CoCirculation2) of TÜBİTAK and European Union's Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions.
Performance Standards in Need-Based Student Aid
Creators: name: Scott-Clayton, Judith E.
name: Schudde, Lauren
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Education, Higher
Academic achievement
Academic achievement--Economic aspects
Student aid

description: College attendance is a risky investment. But students may not recognize when they are at risk for failure, and financial aid introduces the possibility for moral hazard. Academic performance standards can serve three roles in this context: signaling expectations for success, providing incentives for increased student effort, and limiting financial losses. Such standards have existed in federal need-based aid programs for nearly 40 years in the form of Satisfactory Academic Progress (SAP) requirements, yet have received virtually no academic attention. In this paper, we sketch a simple model to illustrate not only student responses to standards but also the tradeoffs faced by a social planner weighing whether to set performance standards in the context of need-based aid. We then use regression discontinuity and difference-in-difference designs to examine the consequences of SAP failure. In line with theoretical predictions, we find heterogeneous effects in the short term, with negative impacts on persistence but positive effects on grades for students who remain enrolled. After three years, the negative effects appear to dominate. Effects on credits attempted are 2–3 times as large as effects on credits earned, suggesting that standards increase the efficiency of aid expenditures. But it also appears to exacerbate inequality in higher education by pushing out low-performing low-income students faster than their equally low-performing, but higher-income peers.
Additional file 3 of Severe subcutaneous infection with Clostridium septicum in a herd of native Icelandic horses
Creators: name: Oddsdóttir, Charlotta
name: Sigurðardóttir, Ólöf G.
name: Friðriksdóttir, Vala
name: Svansson, Vilhjálmur
name: Bragason, Birkir Þór
name: Björnsdóttir, Sigríður
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Results from genome annotation using prokka on the assemblies of the Icelandic strains, DRR016039, and the NCBI assemblies.
Observation of Superheating of Si at the Si/SiO2 Interface in Pulsed-laser irradiated Si Thin Films
Creators: name: Wang, Jin Jimmy
name: Limanov, Alexander B.
name: Wang, Ying
name: Im, James Sungbin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Thin films
Nanostructured materials
Materials at high temperatures
Silicon
Silicon crystals
High temperatures
Physics
Microchemistry
Microphysics

description: Substantial superheating of single-crystal Si films at and near the bottom Si/SiO2 interface was observed. This was accomplished via back-side irradiation of a (100) single-crystal Si film on a quartz substrate using an excimer-laser pulse. The spatiotemporal details of the melting transition were tracked in situ using surface-side and substrate-side transient reflectance measurements, and the one-dimensional thermal profile evolution within the solid film during the heating period was numerically computed using the experimentally extracted temporal profile of the incident beam and temperature-dependent optical and thermal parameters of the materials. A simple lower-bound estimation identifies that superheating in excess of 100 K was attained within Si along the bottom (100)-Si/SiO2 interface even at moderate beam energy densities.
High precision predictions for exclusive $VH$ production at the LHC
Creators: name: Li, Ye
name: Liu, Xiaohui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a resummation-improved prediction for $VH$ + 0 jets production at the Large Hadron Collider. We focus on highly-boosted final states in the presence of jet veto to suppress the $t{\bar t}$ background. In this case, conventional fixed-order calculations are plagued by the existence of large Sudakov logarithms $α_s^n \log^m (p_T^{veto}/Q)$ for $Q\sim m_V + m_H$ which lead to unreliable predictions as well as large theoretical uncertainties, and thus limit the accuracy when comparing experimental measurements to the Standard Model. In this work, we show that the resummation of Sudakov logarithms beyond the next-to-next-to-leading-log accuracy, combined with the next-to-next-to-leading order calculation, reduces the scale uncertainty and stabilizes the perturbative expansion in the region where the vector bosons carry large transverse momentum. Our result improves the precision with which Higgs properties can be determined from LHC measurements using boosted Higgs techniques.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
NHERF1/EBP50 is an organizer of polarity structures and a diagnostic marker in ependymoma
Creators: name: Georgescu, Maria-Magdalena
name: Yell, Paul
name: Mobley, Bret C.
name: Shang, Ping
name: Georgescu, Theodora
name: Wang, Shih-Hsiu J.
name: Canoll, Peter D.
name: Hatanpaa, Kimmo J.
name: White III, Charles L.
name: Raisanen, Jack M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Cancer
Morphogenesis--Molecular aspects
Pathology

description: NHERF1/EBP50, an adaptor protein required for epithelial morphogenesis, has been implicated in the progression of various human malignancies. NHERF1-deficient mice have intestinal brush border structural defects and we report here that they also have disorganized ependymal cilia with development of non-obstructive hydrocephalus. Examination of mouse and human brain tissues revealed highest NHERF1 expression at the apical plasma membrane of ependymal cells. In ependymal tumors, NHERF1 expression was retained in polarized membrane structures, such as microlumens, rosettes and canals, where it co-localized with some of its ligands, such as moesin and PTEN. Analysis of a comprehensive panel of 113 tumors showed robust NHERF1 labeling of microlumens in 100% of ependymomas, subependymomas, and pediatric anaplastic ependymomas, and in 67% of adult anaplastic ependymomas. NHERF1 staining was present in 35% of ependymoma cases that lacked reactivity for EMA, the routine immunohistochemical marker used for ependymoma diagnosis. NHERF1 labeling of microlumens was either absent or rarely seen in other types of brain tumors analyzed, denoting NHERF1 as a reliable diagnostic marker of ependymal tumors. Anaplastic foci and a subset of adult anaplastic ependymomas showed complete absence of NHERF1-labeled polarity structures, consistent with a loss of differentiation in these aggressive tumors. These data highlight a role for NHERF1 in ependymal morphogenesis with direct application to the diagnosis of ependymal tumors. Keywords: NHERF1/EBP50 Ependymoma Hydrocephalus Polarity Moesin PTEN
New insights into old methods for identifying causal rare variants
Creators: name: Hu, Inchi
name: Zheng, Tian
name: Huang, Chien-Hsun
name: Lo, Shaw-Hwa
name: Wang, Haitian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Human genetics--Variation
subject: Biometry--Statistical methods
subject: Statistics--Methodology
subject: Biometry
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The advance of high-throughput next-generation sequencing technology makes possible the analysis of rare variants. However, the investigation of rare variants in unrelated-individuals data sets faces the challenge of low power, and most methods circumvent the difficulty by using various collapsing procedures based on genes, pathways, or gene clusters. We suggest a new way to identify causal rare variants using the F-statistic and sliced inverse regression. The procedure is tested on the data set provided by the Genetic Analysis Workshop 17 (GAW17). After preliminary data reduction, we ranked markers according to their F-statistic values. Top-ranked markers were then subjected to sliced inverse regression, and those with higher absolute coefficients in the most significant sliced inverse regression direction were selected. The procedure yields good false discovery rates for the GAW17 data and thus is a promising method for future study on rare variants.
Tragelaphus strepsiceros
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Tragelaphus
Tragelaphus strepsiceros

description: Tragelaphus strepsiceros (Pallas, 1766). Misc. Zool., p. 9. TYPE LOCALITY: South Africa, Cape of Good Hope. DISTRIBUTION: Somalia and Ethiopia to N. South Africa, west to Namibia and S.E. Zaire, N. E. Uganda, S.W. Sudan, Central African Republic and Chad. ISIS NUMBER: 5301419009008007001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Artiodactyla, pp. 315-343 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 343, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352976
Nonparametric methods for the analysis of single-color pathogen microarrays
Creators: name: Jabado, Omar
name: Conlan, Sean
name: Quan, Phenix-Lan
name: Hui, Jeffrey
name: Palacios, Gustavo
name: Hornig, Mady
name: Briese, Thomas
name: Lipkin, W. Ian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chi-square test
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Epidemiology

description: Background: The analysis of oligonucleotide microarray data in pathogen surveillance and discovery is a challenging task. Target template concentration, nucleic acid integrity, and host nucleic acid composition can each have a profound effect on signal distribution. Exploratory analysis of fluorescent signal distribution in clinical samples has revealed deviations from normality, suggesting that distribution-free approaches should be applied. Results: Positive predictive value and false positive rates were examined to assess the utility of three well-established nonparametric methods for the analysis of viral array hybridization data: (1) Mann-Whitney U, (2) the Spearman correlation coefficient and (3) the chi-square test. Of the three tests, the chi-square proved most useful. Conclusions: The acceptance of microarray use for routine clinical diagnostics will require that the technology be accompanied by simple yet reliable analytic methods. We report that our implementation of the chi-square test yielded a combination of low false positive rates and a high degree of predictive accuracy.
A Research Framework for the Clean-Slate Design of Next-Generation Optical Access
Creators: name: Kim, Kyeong Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A comprehensive research framework for a comparative analysis of candidate network architectures and protocols in the clean-slate design of next-generation optical access is proposed. The proposed research framework consists of a comparative analysis framework based on multivariate non-inferiority testing and a notion of equivalent circuit rate taking into account user-perceived performances, and a virtual test bed providing a complete experimental platform for the comparative analysis. The capability of the research framework is demonstrated through numerical results from the study of the elasticity of hybrid TDM/WDM-PON based on tunable transceivers.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
High Order Maximum Principle Preserving Semi-Lagrangian Finite Difference WENO schemes for the Vlasov Equation
Creators: name: Xiong, Tao
name: Qiu, Jing-Mei
name: Xu, Zhengfu
name: Christlieb, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we propose the parametrized maximum principle preserving (MPP) flux limiter, originally developed in [Z. Xu, Math. Comp., (2013), in press], to the semi- Lagrangian finite difference weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme for solving the Vlasov equation. The MPP flux limiter is proved to maintain up to fourth order accuracy for the semi-Lagrangian finite difference scheme without any time step restriction. Numerical studies on the Vlasov-Poisson system demonstrate the performance of the proposed method and its ability in preserving the positivity of the probability distribution function while maintaining the high order accuracy.
Model-dependent spatial skill in pseudoproxy experiments testing climate field reconstruction methods for the Common Era
Creators: name: Smerdon, Jason E.
name: Coats, Sloan John
name: Ault, Toby R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Paleoclimatology
Meteorology
Climatology--Simulation methods
Climatic changes
Atmosphere

description: The spatial skill of four climate field reconstruction (CFR) methods is investigated using pseudoproxy experiments (PPEs) based on five last millennium and historical simulations from the Coupled and Paleo Model Intercomparison Projects Phases 5 and 3 (CMIP5/PMIP3) data archives. These simulations are used for the first time in a PPE context, the frameworks of which are constructed to test a recently assembled multiproxy network and multiple CFR techniques. The experiments confirm earlier findings demonstrating consistent methodological performance across the employed methods and spatially dependent reconstruction errors in all of the derived CFRs. Spectral biases in the reconstructed fields demonstrate that CFR methods can alone alter the ratio of spectral power at all locations in the field, independent of whether there are any spectral biases inherent in the underlying pseudoproxy series. The patterns of spectral biases are model dependent and indicate the potential for regions in the derived CFRs to be biased by changes in either low or high-frequency spectral power. CFR methods are also shown to alter the pattern of mean differences in the tropical Pacific during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age, with some model experiments indicating that CFR methodologies enhance the statistical likelihood of achieving larger mean differences between independent 300-year periods in the region. All of the characteristics of CFR performance are model dependent, indicating that CFR methods must be evaluated across multiple models and that conclusions from PPEs should be carefully connected to the spatial statistics of real-world climatic fields.
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide association analysis and KASP markers development for protein quality traits in winter wheat
Creators: name: Tian, Yousheng
name: Liu, Pengpeng
name: Kong, Dezhen
name: Nie, Yingbin
name: Xu, Hongjun
name: Han, Xinnian
name: Sang, Wei
name: Li, Weihua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1.
On the nature of the brightest globular cluster in M81
Creators: name: Mayya, Y. D.
name: Rosa-Gonzalez, D.
name: Santiago-Cortes, M.
name: Rodriguez-Merino, L. H.
name: Vega, O.
name: Torres-Papaqui, J. P.
name: Bressan, A.
name: Carrasco, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the photometric, chemical, star formation history and structural properties of the brightest globular cluster (GC) in M81, referred as GC1 in this work, with the intention of establishing its nature and origin. We find that it is a metal-rich ([Fe/H]=-0.60+/-0.10), alpha-enhanced ([Alpha/Fe]=0.20+/0.05), core-collapsed (core radius r_c=1.2 pc, tidal radius r_t = 76r_c), old (>13 Gyr) cluster. It has an ultraviolet excess equivalent of ~2500 blue horizontal branch stars. It is detected in X-rays indicative of the presence of low-mass binaries. With a mass of 10 million solar masses, the cluster is comparable in mass to M31-G1 and is four times more massive than Omega Cen. The values of r_c, absolute magnitude and mean surface brightness of GC1 suggest that it could be, like massive GCs in other giant galaxies, the left-over nucleus of a dissolved dwarf galaxy.
description: To appear in MNRAS, 12 pages
Looping Genomes: Diagnostic Change and the Genetic Makeup of the Autism Population
Creators: name: Navon, Daniel
name: Eyal, Gil
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Autism--Etiology
subject: Science--Philosophy
subject: Science--Social aspects
subject: Autism--Diagnosis
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science
subject: History

description: This article builds on Hacking’s framework of “dynamic nominalism” to show how knowledge about biological etiology can interact with the “kinds of people” delineated by diagnostic categories in ways that “loop” or modify both over time. The authors use historical materials to show how “geneticization” played a crucial role in binding together autism as a biosocial community and how evidence from genetics research later made an important contribution to the diagnostic expansion of autism. In the second part of the article, the authors draw on quantitative and qualitative analyses of autism rates over time in several rare conditions that are delineated strictly according to genomic mutations in order to demonstrate that these changes in diagnostic practice helped to both increase autism’s prevalence and create its enormous genetic heterogeneity. Thus, a looping process that began with geneticization and involved the social effects of genetics research itself transformed the autism population and its genetic makeup.
Interpretación de electrocardiograma
Creators: name: VICTOR RODRIGUEZ
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: La electrocardiografía (ECG) es la representación gráfica de la actividad eléctrica del corazón que se transmite a través de las células y que se mide desde la superficie del cuerpo a través de electrodos específicos de registro. El objetivo es identificar las características normales de los elementos de un electrocardiograma (ondas, segmentos e intervalos); identificar y analizar de forma sistematizada los elementos y características que componen un trazo de electrocardiograma normal, revisando todos los componentes (ritmo, frecuencia, eje, ondas, segmentos e intervalos).
Latent class analysis suggests four distinct classes of complementary medicine users among women with breast cancer
Creators: name: Strizich, Garrett
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Jacobson, Judith S.
name: Wall, Melanie M.
name: Abrahamson, Page
name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
name: Terry, Mary Beth
name: Teitelbaum, Susan
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Greenlee, Heather
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Breast--Cancer
Breast--Cancer--Alternative treatment
Oncology
Alternative medicine
Medicine

description: Background: Breast cancer patients commonly report using > 1 form of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). However, few studies have attempted to analyze predictors and outcomes of multiple CAM modalities. We sought to group breast cancer patients by clusters of type and intensity of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use following diagnosis. Methods: Detailed CAM use following breast cancer diagnosis was assessed in 2002–2003 among 764 female residents of Long Island, New York diagnosed with breast cancer in 1996–1997. Latent class analysis (LCA) was applied to CAM modalities while taking into account frequency and intensities. Results: Four distinct latent classes of CAM use emerged: 1) “Low-dose supplement users” (40 %), who used only common nutritional supplements; 2) “Vitamin/mineral supplement users” (39 %), using an abundance of supplements in addition to other practices; 3) “Mind-body medicine users” (12 %), with near-universal use of supplements, mind-body medicine techniques, and massage; and 4) “Multi-modality high-dose users” (9 %), who were highly likely to use nearly all types of CAM. Predictors of membership in classes with substantial CAM use included younger age, more education, higher income, Jewish religion, ideal body mass index, higher fruit and vegetable intake, higher levels of physical activity, receipt of adjuvant chemotherapy, and prior use of oral contraceptives. Conclusions: LCA identified important subgroups of breast cancer patients characterized by varying degrees of complementary therapy use. Further research should explore the reproducibility of these classes and investigate the association between latent class membership and breast cancer outcomes.
Beneath the Surface: Revealing Deep-Tissue Blood Flow in Human Subjects with Massively Parallelized Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kreiss, Lucas
name: Wu, Melissa
name: Wayne, Michael
name: Xu, Shiqi
name: McKee, Paul
name: Dwamena, Derrick
name: Kim, Kanghyun
name: Lee, Kyung Chul
name: Liu, Wenhui
name: Ulku, Aarin
name: Harfouche, Mark
name: Yang, Xi
name: Cook, Clare
name: Chaware, Amey
name: Lee, Seung Ah
name: Buckley, Erin
name: Bruschini, Claudio
name: Charbon, Edoardo
name: Huettel, Scott
name: Horstmeyer, Roarke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy (DCS) allows the label-free investigation of microvascular dynamics deep within living tissue. However, common implementations of DCS are currently limited to measurement depths of $\sim 1-1.5cm$, which can limit the accuracy of cerebral hemodynamics measurement. Here we present massively parallelized DCS (pDCS) using novel single photon avalanche detector (SPAD) arrays with up to 500x500 individual channels. The new SPAD array technology can boost the signal-to-noise ratio by a factor of up to 500 compared to single-pixel DCS, or by more than 15-fold compared to the most recent state-of-the-art pDCS demonstrations. Our results demonstrate the first in vivo use of this massively parallelized DCS system to measure cerebral blood flow changes at $\sim 2cm$ depth in human adults. We compared different modes of operation and applied a dual detection strategy, where a secondary SPAD array is used to simultaneously assess the superficial blood flow as a built-in reference measurement. While the blood flow in the superficial scalp tissue showed no significant change during cognitive activation, the deep pDCS measurement showed a statistically significant increase in the derived blood flow index of 8-12% when compared to the control rest state.
Tomography of plasma flows in the upper solar convection zone using time--distance inversion combining ridge and phase-speed filtering
Creators: name: Svanda, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The consistency of time--distance inversions for horizontal components of the plasma flow on supergranular scales in the upper solar convection zone is checked by comparing the results derived using two k--ωfiltering procedures -- ridge filtering and phase-speed filtering -- commonly used in time--distance helioseismology. It is shown that both approaches result in similar flow estimates when finite-frequency sensitivity kernels are used. It is further demonstrated that the performance of the inversion improves (in terms of simultaneously better averaging kernel and lower noise level) when the two approaches are combined together in one inversion. Using the combined inversion I invert for horizontal flows in the upper 10 Mm of the solar convection zone. The flows connected with supergranulation seem to be coherent only in the upper ~5 Mm depth, deeper down there is a hint on change of convection scales towards structures larger than supergranules.
description: 25 pages manuscript, 10 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
A study of subdivision development on the Highland Lakes
Creators: name: Paulin, David R.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Land subdivision
subject: Texas
subject: Highland Lakes
subject: Real estate development
subject: Texas Hill Country
subject: Land subdivision--Texas--Highland Lakes
subject: Real estate development--Texas--Highland Lakes
subject: Land subdivision--Texas--Texas Hill Country
subject: Real estate development--Texas--Texas Hill Country

description: The area bordering the Highland Lakes of Texas--Lakes Buchanan, Inks, Lyndon B. Johnson, Marble Falls, Travis, and Austin--has become one of Texas' most widely acclaimed recreation areas. People from as far away as Europe and Asia, as well as from every section of the United States, have fallen in love with the system of lakes in the scenic Texas Hill Country and have purchased land and built homes there, either to vacation in or to make their permanent homes. The owners of the prime, lake-front properties were predominantly local ranchers who, generally speaking, had neither the desire nor the ability to develop their highly sought-after land into small easily marketable pieces of property. Thus, the land developer entered the picture. It was his objective to convert the raw land into an area suitable for primarily residential purposes and then to market it at a profit. The primary purpose of this study is to determine what factors are involved in subdivision development that allow one parcel of land to degenerate into a relative slum, while land a short distance away is turned into a "Cadillac of residential resort communities
Hystricognathi Tullberg 1899
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia

description: SUBORDER HYSTRICOGNATHI SYNONYMS: Hystricomorpha. COMMENTS: Originally used as a tribe (Tribus) by Tullberg under his Order Glires, Suborder Simplicidentati, the first time this natural group was united together without various hystricomorphous forms. Includes Hystricidae, Thryonomyoidea, Bathyergoidea, "Caviomorpha", and the Eocene-Oligocene Franimorpha. The term "Caviomorpha" is inappropriate since it is unlikely all New World forms are part of a single radiation, and the Caviidae are the least characteristic family of the group, so it is best to refer to these collectively as the New World hystricognaths, and discuss them in their superfamily groupings (Chinchilloidea, Cavioidea, Erethizontoidea, and Octodontoidea). See Tullberg (1899:69-71) and Wood (1985:478-495) for definitions of hystricognath characters and lists of taxa.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 771, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Tullberg, T. 1899. Uber das system der Nagetiere. Eine phylogenetische studie. Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarium Upsaliensis, Ser. 3, 18: 1 - 514.", "Wood, A. E. 1985. The relationships, origin and dispersal of the hystricognathous rodents. Pp. 475 - 513, in Evolutionary Relationships among Rodents: A Multidisciplinary Analysis (W. P. Luckett and J. - L. Hartenberger, eds.). Plenum Press, New York, 721 pp."]}
How and why cells grow as rods
Creators: name: Chang, Fred
name: Huang, Kerwyn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Cytology
Morphogenesis
Molecular biology

description: The rod is a ubiquitous shape adopted by walled cells from diverse organisms ranging from bacteria to fungi to plants. Although rod-like shapes are found in cells of vastly different sizes and are constructed by diverse mechanisms, the geometric similarities among these shapes across kingdoms suggest that there are common evolutionary advantages, which may result from simple physical principles in combination with chemical and physiological constraints. Here, we review mechanisms of constructing rod-shaped cells and the bases of different biophysical models of morphogenesis, comparing and contrasting model organisms in different kingdoms. We then speculate on possible advantages of the rod shape, and suggest strategies for elucidating the relative importance of each of these advantages.
Additional file 4 of Severe subcutaneous infection with Clostridium septicum in a herd of native Icelandic horses
Creators: name: Oddsdóttir, Charlotta
name: Sigurðardóttir, Ólöf G.
name: Friðriksdóttir, Vala
name: Svansson, Vilhjálmur
name: Bragason, Birkir Þór
name: Björnsdóttir, Sigríður
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Results from roary analyses on the assemblies of the Icelandic strains, DRR016039, and the NCBI assemblies.