cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamic facilitation picture of a higher-order glass singularity
Creators: name: Sellitto, Mauro
name: De Martino, Daniele
name: Caccioli, Fabio
name: Arenzon, Jeferson J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that facilitated spin mixtures with a tunable facilitation reproduce, on a Bethe lattice, the simplest higher-order singularity scenario predicted by the mode-coupling theory (MCT) of liquid-glass transition. Depending on the facilitation strength, they yield either a hybrid glass transition or a continuous one, with no underlying thermodynamic singularity. Similar results are obtained for facilitated spin models on a diluted Bethe lattice. The mechanism of dynamical arrest in these systems can be interpreted in terms of bootstrap and standard percolation and corresponds to a crossover from a compact to a fractal structure of the incipient spanning cluster of frozen spins. Theoretical and numerical simulation results are fully consistent with MCT predictions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; minor changes
title: Laser Spectroscopy of ²⁰⁸Bi⁸²⁺ and Commissioning of the HITRAP Cooling Trap
Creators: name: Horst, Max Henrik
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Today, quantum electrodynamics (QED) is considered the most precisely tested theory in physics. The most precise tests have been performed mainly on comparatively simple systems such as the free electron. However, since QED should also be valid in the most extreme electric and magnetic fields, according to today’s understanding, tests must be performed in this regime as well.
Heavy and highly charged ions are suitable for this purpose, because the remaining electrons near the nucleus are exposed to these extreme fields. Since such ions do not occur naturally on earth, they must be produced artificially. This requires high energies and, especially for the heaviest elements, large accelerator facilities, such as the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung in Darmstadt, Germany.
In this work, laser spectroscopy of artificially produced ²⁰⁸Bi⁸²⁺ at relativistic energies was performed at the storage ring ESR of GSI. This is the first time that in-flight produced ions have been successfully studied by laser spectroscopy in a storage ring. The main challenge is the small amount of ions, which leads to low signal count rates in the detectors. In part due to the data analysis performed in this work, the measured background has been reduced to a point where the energy difference of the hyperfine splitting can be extracted. The obtained result is
²⁰⁸∆E⁽¹ˢ⁾ = 5598.97(1)(8) meV
and represents an important milestone for the test of QED in the strongest magnetic fields.
The accuracy of laser spectroscopy in storage rings like the ESR is limited by the velocity distribution of the ions. To improve the accuracy by several orders of magnitude, ion traps can be used. However, it is not possible to directly capture ions produced at relativistic energies in an ion trap.
Therefore, in the second part of this work, the Cooling Trap of the HITRAP facility was
commissioned. The task of the HITRAP facility is to decelerate the highly charged ions, to cool them and to transport them further to the subsequent experiments. The Cooling Trap is the final step of the deceleration process and is responsible for the sympathetic cooling of the ions by electrons. In this work, the Cooling Trap was commissioned with highly charged ions and electrons from local sources. Moreover, for the first time, ions and electrons were simultaneously stored in the Cooling Trap. This finally led to the first demonstration of cooling effects of electrons on highly charged ions in a Penning trap.
Wrinkling hierarchy in constrained thin sheets from suspended graphene to curtains
Creators: name: Vandeparre, Hugues
name: Pineirua, Miguel
name: Brau, Fabian
name: Roman, Benoit
name: Bico, Jose
name: Gay, Cyprien
name: Bao, Wenzhong
name: Lau, Chun Ning
name: Reis, Pedro M.
name: Damman, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that thin sheets under boundary confinement spontaneously generate a universal self-similar hierarchy of wrinkles. From simple geometry arguments and energy scalings, we develop a formalism based on wrinklons, the transition zone in the merging of two wrinkles, as building-blocks of the global pattern. Contrary to the case of crumple paper where elastic energy is focused, this transition is described as smooth in agreement with a recent numerical work. This formalism is validated from hundreds of nm for graphene sheets to meters for ordinary curtains, which shows the universality of our description. We finally describe the effect of an external tension to the distribution of the wrinkles.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, added references, submitted for publication
Nonlocal Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and imaginary chemical potential
Creators: name: Kashiwa, Kouji
name: Hell, Thomas
name: Weise, Wolfram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim of setting constraints for the modeling of the QCD phase diagram, the phase structure of the two-flavor Polyakov-loop extended Nambu and Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model is investigated in the range of imaginary chemical potentials ($μ_\mathrm{I}$) and compared with available $N_f=2$ lattice QCD results. The calculations are performed using the advanced nonlocal version of the PNJL model with the inclusion of vector-type quasiparticle interactions between quarks, and with wave-function-renormalization corrections. It is demonstrated that the nonlocal PNJL model reproduces important features of QCD at finite $μ_\mathrm{I}$, such as the Roberge-Weiss (RW) periodicity and the RW transition. Chiral and deconfinement transition temperatures for $N_f=2$ turn out to coincide both at zero chemical potential and at finite $μ_\mathrm{I}$. Detailed studies are performed concerning the RW endpoint and its neighborhood where a first-order transition occurs.
description: 26 page, 13 figure, typo corrected, some references added and corrected, one figure updated, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Letter from Eugene Kinckle Jones to Gunnar Myrdal, February 16, 1940
Creators: name: Jones, Eugene Kinckle, 1885-1954
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Discussion of meeting between staff of the National Urban League and the Carnegie-Myrdal Study, and the recruitment of T. Arnold Hill as a collaborator on the project.
Instability by Chern-Simons and/or Transgressions
Creators: name: Lu, H.
name: Wang, Zhao-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was demonstrated recently that there is an upper bound of the Chern-Simons coupling of the five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory, beyond which the electrically charged AdS_2 \times S^3 vacuum solution becomes unstable. We generalize the result to a general class of gravity theories involving Chern-Simons and/or transgression terms and find their upper bounds for stability. We show that supergravities with AdS \times Sphere vacua satisfy the bounds.
description: 18 pages, no figures, revised version to appear in JHEP
Note from Gunnar Myrdal to T. Arnold Hill, February 13, 1940; enclosed with copy of letter from Myrdal to Eugene Kinckle Jones
Creators: name: Myrdal, Gunnar, 1898-1987
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Note sent in advance of a meeting at offices of the National Urban League between T. Arnold Hill and researchers from the Carnegie-Myrdal Study.
Graviton Propagation and Vacuum Polarization in Curved Space
Creators: name: Stanley, Ross
name: Hollowood, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of vacuum polarization arising from loops of massive scalar particles on graviton propagation in curved space are considered. Physically, they are due to curvature induced tidal forces acting on the cloud of virtual scalar particles surrounding the graviton. The effects are tractable in a WKB and large mass limit and the results can be written as an effective refractive index for the graviton modes with both a real and imaginary part. The imaginary part of the refractive index is a curvature induced contribution to the wavefunction renormalization of the graviton in real affine time and can have the effect of dressing or un-dressing the graviton. The real part of the refractive index increases logarithmically at high frequency as long as the null energy condition is satisfied by the background.
description: 21 pages, typos corrected
Statistical sum in the CFT driven cosmology
Creators: name: Barvinsky, A. O.
name: Gusev, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The path integration technique recently developed for the statistical sum of the microcanonical ensemble in cosmology is applied to the calculation of the one-loop preexponential factor in the cosmological model generated by a conformal field theory with a large number of quantum species -- the model of initial conditions possibly related to the resolution of the cosmological constant and landscape problems. The result is obtained for the family of background cosmological instantons with one oscillation of the FRW scale factor. The magnitude of the prefactor is analytically and numerically estimated for fields of various spins conformally coupled to gravity, which justifies the validity of semiclassical expansion for this family of cosmological instantons.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages, 2 figures, comparison of setting the problem and results with those of hep-th/0010232 is included, numerics is improved, new references are added
Stabilization and pumping of giant vortices in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Kuopanportti, Pekko
name: Möttönen, Mikko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it was shown that giant vortices with arbitrarily large quantum numbers can possibly be created in dilute Bose-Einstein condensates by cyclically pumping vorticity into the condensate. However, multiply quantized vortices are typically dynamically unstable in harmonically trapped nonrotated condensates, which poses a serious challenge to the vortex pump procedure. In this theoretical study, we investigate how the giant vortices can be stabilized by the application of a Gaussian potential peak along the vortex core. We find that achieving dynamical stability is feasible up to high quantum numbers. To demonstrate the efficiency of the stabilization method, we simulate the adiabatic creation of an unsplit 20-quantum vortex with the vortex pump.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; to be published in J. Low Temp. Phys., online publication available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10909-010-0216-1
Frictionless quantum quenches in ultracold gases: a quantum dynamical microscope
Creators: name: del Campo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, a method is proposed to spatially scale up a trapped ultracold gas while conserving the quantum correlations of the initial many-body state. For systems supporting self-similar dynamics, this is achieved by implementing a many-body finite-time frictionless quantum quench of the harmonic trap which acts as a quantum dynamical microscope.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
SMBH Formation via Gas Accretion in Nuclear Stellar Clusters
Creators: name: Davies, Melvyn B.
name: Miller, M. Coleman
name: Bellovary, Jillian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes exceeding a billion solar masses have been detected at redshifts greater than six. The rapid formation of these objects may suggest a massive early seed or a period of growth faster than Eddington. Here we suggest a new mechanism along these lines. We propose that in the process of hierarchical structure assembly, dense star clusters can be contracted on dynamical time scales due to the nearly free-fall inflow of self-gravitating gas with a mass comparable to or larger than that of the clusters. This increases the velocity dispersion to the point that the few remaining hard binaries can no longer effectively heat the cluster, and the cluster goes into a period of homologous core collapse. The cluster core can then reach a central density high enough for fast mergers of stellar-mass black holes and hence the rapid production of a black hole seed that could be $10^5 M_\odot$ or larger.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ letters
Model for reflection and transmission matrices of nanowire end facets
Creators: name: Svendsen, Guro K.
name: Weman, Helge
name: Skaar, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanowires show a large potential for various electrooptical devices, such as light emitting diodes, solar cells and nanowire lasers. We present a direct method developed to calculate the modal reflection and transmission matrix at the end facets of a waveguide of arbitrary cross section, resulting in a generalized version of the Fresnel equations. The reflection can be conveniently computed using Fast Fourier Transforms. We demonstrate that the reflection is qualitatively described by two main parameters, the modal field confinement and the average Fresnel reflection of the plane waves constituting the waveguide mode.
description: 11 pages,14 figures
Letter from Gunnar Myrdal to Eugene Kinckle Jones, February 13, 1940
Creators: name: Myrdal, Gunnar, 1898-1987
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Discussion of collaboration between the Carnegie-Myrdal Study and the National Urban League and the recruitment of T. Arnold Hill as a liaison agent between the two organizations.
Scanning tunneling microscopy of adsorbed molecules on metalic surfaces for nearly localized atomic states
Creators: name: Romero, M.
name: Aligia, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a Hubbard-Anderson model which describes localized orbitals in five different sites hybridized both among themselves and with a continuum of extended states. A square planar geometry with an atom at the center is used to represent TBrPP-Co molecules. When the renormalized effective hopping between sites is small compared with a Kondo energy scale determined by the sitecontinuum hybridization, the system can be described as a set of independent Kondo resonances, rather than molecular states. We study the crossover between both regimes and analyze the spectral density of conduction electrons as a function of position. The results are in qualitative agreement with measurements of the differential conductance in a system with TBrPP-Co molecules adsorbed on a Cu(111) surface.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Phase change in an opinion-dynamics model with separation of time scales
Creators: name: Iñiguez, Gerardo
name: Kertész, János
name: Kaski, Kimmo K.
name: Barrio, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define an opinion formation model of agents in a 1d ring, where the opinion of an agent evolves due to its interactions with close neighbors and due to its either positive or negative attitude toward the overall mood of all the other agents. While the dynamics of the agent's opinion is described with an appropriate differential equation, from time to time pairs of agents are allowed to change their locations to improve the homogeneity of opinion (or comfort feeling) with respect to their short range environment. In this way the time scale of transaction dynamics and that of environment update are well separated and controlled by a single parameter. By varying this parameter we discovered a phase change in the number of undecided individuals. This phenomenon arises from the fact that too frequent location exchanges among agents result in frustration in their opinion formation. Our mean field analysis supports this picture.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Section IV rewritten and references added. Submitted to Physical Review E
Numerical modeling of transient two-dimensional viscoelastic waves
Creators: name: Lombard, Bruno
name: Piraux, Joël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper deals with the numerical modeling of transient mechanical waves in linear viscoelastic solids. Dissipation mechanisms are described using the generalized Zener model. No time convolutions are required thanks to the introduction of memory variables that satisfy local-in-time differential equations. By appropriately choosing the relaxation parameters, it is possible to accurately describe a large range of materials, such as solids with constant quality factors. The evolution equations satisfied by the velocity, the stress, and the memory variables are written in the form of a first-order system of PDEs with a source term. This system is solved by splitting it into two parts: the propagative part is discretized explicitly, using a fourth-order ADER scheme on a Cartesian grid, and the diffusive part is then solved exactly. Jump conditions along the interfaces are discretized by applying an immersed interface method. Numerical experiments of wave propagation in viscoelastic and fluid media show the efficiency of this numerical modeling for dealing with challenging problems, such as multiple scattering configurations.
Neoperla maolanensis Yang & Yang 1993
Creators: name: Mo, Raorao
name: Wang, Ying
name: Wang, Guoquan
name: Li, Weihai
name: Murányi, Dávid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Neoperla
Neoperla maolanensis

description: Neoperla maolanensis Yang & Yang, 1993 (Fig. 9–10) Neoperla maolanensis Yang & Yang, 1993: 235; Du, Sivec & He, 1999: 62; Du & Sivec, 2005: 49; Yang & Li, 2018: 41; Mo, Liu, Li & Shi, 2020a: 375. Material examined. 1 male (CAU), China: Guangdong Province, Shaoguan City, Chebaling National Nature Reserve, Xiba, N 24°43’48”, E 114°15’36’’, 360 m, 2016.V.1, light trap, Luo, Liu, Xun & Zhao. Distribution. China: Guangdong, Guizhou and Shaanxi, widespread in southern and central China (Fig. 15). The exact habitat in Guangdong is unknown. Remarks. The single male specimen of Neoperla maolanensis from Chebaling National Nature Reserve is a new record for Guangdong, agreeing well with the original description (see figs. 1 & 2, Yang & Yang 1993). We present herein the detailed illustrations for a better recognition of this species.
description: Published as part of Mo, Raorao, Wang, Ying, Wang, Guoquan, Li, Weihai & Murányi, Dávid, 2021, Two new species and three new provincial records of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Nanling Mountains, China, pp. 195-214 in Zootaxa 5040 (2) on page 206, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5040.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5531145
description: {"references": ["Yang, D. & Yang, C. K. (1993) New and little-known species of Plecoptera from Guizhou Province (III). Entomotaxonomia, 15, 235 - 238.", "Du, Y. Z., Sivec, I. & He, J. H. (1999) A checklist of the Chinese species of the family Perlidae (Plecoptera: Perloidea). Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 7, 59 - 67.", "Du, Y. Z. & Sivec, I. (2005) Plecoptera. In: Yang, X. K. (Ed.), Insect Fauna of Middle-west Qinling Range and South Mountains of Gansu Province. Science Press, Beijing, pp. 38 - 54.", "Yang, D. & Li, W. H. (2018) Species catalogue of China. Vol. 2. Animals, Insecta (III), Plecoptera. Science Press, Beijing, 71 pp.", "Mo, R. R., Liu, R. J., Li, W. H., Shi, M. W. (2020 a) Rediscovery of two species of Neoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China. Zootaxa, 4758 (2), 369 - 377. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4758.2.10"]}
Transient solar oscillations driven by primordial black holes
Creators: name: Kesden, Michael
name: Hanasoge, Shravan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars are transparent to the passage of primordial black holes (PBHs) and serve as seismic detectors for such objects. The gravitational field of a PBH squeezes a star and causes it to ring acoustically. We calculate the seismic signature of a PBH passing through the Sun. The background for this signal is the observed spectrum of solar oscillations excited by supersonic turbulence. We predict that PBHs more massive than 10^21 g (comparable in mass to an asteroid) are detectable by existing solar observatories. The oscillations excited by PBHs peak at large scales and high frequencies, making them potentially detectable in other stars. The discovery of PBHs would have profound implications for cosmology and high-energy physics.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, final published version
Data from: Effect of a three-week treatment with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on vasoactive hormones in euvolemic participants
Creators: name: Vukajlovic, Tanja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: To investigate the effect of a three-week treatment with the GLP-1 RA dulaglutide on vasoactive hormones, i.e., renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, MP-proANP, urinary sodium excretion as well as clinical parameters in euvolemic participants
Effect of a three-week treatment with glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on vasoactive hormones in euvolemic participants.docx
Creators: name: Vukajlovic, Tanja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: To investigate the effect of a three-week treatment with the GLP-1 RA dulaglutide on vasoactive hormones, i.e., renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, MP-proANP, urinary sodium excretion as well as clinical parameters in euvolemic participants
Nonperturbative Pauli-Villars regularization of vacuum polarization in light-front QED
Creators: name: Chabysheva, S. S.
name: Hiller, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue the development of a nonperturbative light-front Hamiltonian method for the solution of quantum field theories by considering the one-photon eigenstate of Lorentz-gauge QED. The photon state is computed nonperturbatively for a Fock basis with a bare photon state and electron-positron pair states. The calculation is regulated by the inclusion of Pauli-Villars (PV) fermions, with one flavor to make the integrals finite and a second flavor to guarantee a zero mass for the physical photon eigenstate. We compute in detail the constraints on the PV coupling strengths that this zero mass implies. As part of this analysis, we provide the complete Lorentz-gauge light-front QED Hamiltonian with two PV fermion flavors and two PV photon flavors, which will be useful for future work. The need for two PV photons was established previously; the need for two PV fermions is established here.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX 4.1; corrected typos and updated references
Thermodynamics of quark quasi-particles ensemble
Creators: name: Molodtsov, S. V.
name: Zinovjev, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The features of hot and dense gas of quarks which are considered as the quasi-particles of the model Hamiltonian with four-fermion interaction are studied. Being adapted to the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model this approach allows us to accommodate a phase transition similar to the nuclear liquid-gas one at the proper scale and to argue an existence of the mixed (inhomogeneous) phase of vacuum and normal baryonic matter as a plausible scenario of chiral symmetry (partial) restoration. Analyzing the transition layer between two phases we estimate the surface tension coefficient and speculate on the possible existence of quark droplet.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, text slightly improved
Sense of belonging and immigrant parents : strengthening the family-school partnership
Creators: name: Rahimi Fard Jahromi, Seyedeh Dorna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Immigrant students and families are increasingly becoming important members of our education system. In 2014, Canada welcomed more than 200,000 newcomers (Citizenship & Immigration Canada, 2015). The experience and success of immigrant students has been linked to many school and home factors (Alexander, Entwisle, & Thompson, 1987; Fuligini, 1997). Culturally based explanations of success argue that immigrant students’ success and experiences in school can be fully explained by their race or socioeconomic status (Trueba, 1988). The effectiveness of their home (family) and school environments should also be considered (Trueba, 1988). Research has also demonstrated that immigrant families contribute to their child’s education in different ways (Fuligni, 1997; Lopez, 2001). Therefore, family-school partnership is very integral to immigrant students’ success. While schools have focused on different ways of integrating students and families in schools, some scholars argue that studying how immigrant individuals experience sense of belonging is a more appropriate direction (Hurtado & Carter, 1997). However, research is unclear on how immigrant families, who are new members of the community, can become part of the school community (Puig, Erwin, Evenson, & Beresford, 2015). Employing an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, this study used semi-structured interviews to explore immigrant families’ perceptions and experiences of sense of belonging in their child’s school, and teachers’ perceptions of sense of belonging for school community members and experiences of enhancing sense of belonging for immigrant families. The findings suggest that families perceive sense of belonging as being informed, having a support system, and feeling emotionally safe. They experienced sense of belonging in their children’s schools when they felt included, and had effective communication. Teachers perceived that sense of belonging for school community members means having a welcoming environment. Teachers also discussed communication and relationship building as some of the strategies they use in enhancing sense of belonging for immigrant parents. Relevance of these findings with their implications in a broader sociocultural understanding is discussed.
Gravitino Dark Matter and Neutrino Masses in Partial Split Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Diaz, Marco Aurelio
name: Saenz, Sebastian Garcia
name: Koch, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partial Split Supersymmetry with bilinear R-parity violation allows to reproduce all neutrino mass and mixing parameters. The viable dark matter candidate in this model is the gravitino. We study the hypothesis that both possibilities are true: Partial Split Supersymmetry explains neutrino physics and that dark matter is actually composed of gravitinos. Since the gravitino has a small but non-zero decay probability, its decay products could be observed in astrophysical experiments. Combining bounds from astrophysical photon spectra with the bounds coming from the mass matrix in the neutrino sector we derive a stringent upper limit for the allowed gravitino mass. This mass limit is in good agreement with the results of direct dark matter searches.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Macroscopic quantum dynamics of toroidal moment in Ising-type rare-earth clusters
Creators: name: Plokhov, D. I.
name: Popov, A. I.
name: Zvezdin, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum dynamics of polygonal rare-earth molecular clusters with Ising-type ion magnetization. It is shown that the ground state of such systems is a non-magnetic quasi-doublet of states with oppositely twisted ion spins. The states differ in sign of toroidal moment, which is a natural physical quantity to characterize the spin chirality of the clusters. The possibility of macroscopic quantum tunneling of toroidal moment between the states is predicted. The effects of an external current is considered, both in equilibrium and in the frames of the Landau-Zener-Stückelberg tunneling model. The special treatment is given for the most important case of triangular rare-earth clusters.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Exact mapping between system-reservoir quantum models and semi-infinite discrete chains using orthogonal polynomials
Creators: name: Chin, Alex W.
name: Rivas, Ángel
name: Huelga, Susana F.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the properties of orthogonal polynomials, we present an exact unitary transformation that maps the Hamiltonian of a quantum system coupled linearly to a continuum of bosonic or fermionic modes to a Hamiltonian that describes a one-dimensional chain with only nearest-neighbour interactions. This analytical transformation predicts a simple set of relations between the parameters of the chain and the recurrence coefficients of the orthogonal polynomials used in the transformation, and allows the chain parameters to be computed using numerically stable algorithms that have been developed to compute recurrence coefficients. We then prove some general properties of this chain system for a wide range of spectral functions, and give examples drawn from physical systems where exact analytic expressions for the chain properties can be obtained. Crucially, the short range interactions of the effective chain system permits these open quantum systems to be efficiently simulated by the density matrix renormalization group methods.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, final version
One-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic scaling studies of imploding spherical plasma liners
Creators: name: Awe, T. J.
name: Adams, C. S.
name: Davis, J. S.
name: Hanna, D. S.
name: Hsu, S. C.
name: Cassibry, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic simulations are performed to develop insight into the scaling of stagnation pressure with initial conditions of an imploding spherical plasma shell or "liner." Simulations reveal the evolution of high-Mach-number (M), annular, spherical plasma flows during convergence, stagnation, shock formation, and disassembly, and indicate that cm- and μs-scale plasmas with peak pressures near 1 Mbar can be generated by liners with initial kinetic energy of several hundred kilo-joules. It is shown that radiation transport and thermal conduction must be included to avoid non-physical plasma temperatures at the origin which artificially limit liner convergence and thus the peak stagnation pressure. Scalings of the stagnated plasma lifetime (τstag) and average stagnation pressure (Pstag, the pressure at the origin, averaged over τstag) are determined by evaluating a wide range of liner initial conditions. For high-M flows, τstag L0/v0, where L0 and v0 are the initial liner thickness and velocity, respectively. Furthermore, for argon liners, Pstag scales approximately as v0^(15/4) over a wide range of initial densities (n0), and as n0^(1/2) over a wide range of v0. The approximate scaling Pstag ~ M 3/2 is also found for a wide range of liner-plasma initial conditions.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures, accepted by Physics of Plasmas (June 23, 2011)
Holographic description of vacuum bubbles
Creators: name: Garriga, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a holographic description of vacuum bubbles, with possible implications for a consistent description of the multiverse. In particular, we elaborate on the recent observation by Maldacena, that the interior of AdS bubbles can be described in terms of CFT degrees of freedom living on the worldsheet of the bubble wall. We consider the scattering of bulk gravitons in the ambient parent vacuum, off the bubble wall. In the dual description, the transmission coefficient is interpreted as the probability that a graviton is absorbed by the worldsheet CFT degrees of freedom. The result is in agreement with intuitive expectations. Conformal invariance is not exact in this setup, and the leading corrections due to the IR and UV cut-offs are displayed. Aside from bulk scattering states, we find that when a bubble nucleates within a parent dS vacuum, there is a zero mode of the graviton which describes lower dimensional gravity with a finite Newton's constant. This massless graviton lives within one Hubble radius away from the bubble wall. Possible implications for a fully holographic description of the inflating multiverse are briefly discussed.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, resubmitted with minor corrections
Roy-Steiner equations for gamma gamma -> pi pi
Creators: name: Hoferichter, Martin
name: Phillips, Daniel R.
name: Schat, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from hyperbolic dispersion relations, we derive a system of Roy--Steiner equations for pion Compton scattering that respects analyticity, unitarity, gauge invariance, and crossing symmetry. It thus maintains all symmetries of the underlying quantum field theory. To suppress the dependence of observables on high-energy input, we also consider once- and twice-subtracted versions of the equations, and identify the subtraction constants with dipole and quadrupole pion polarizabilities. Based on the assumption of Mandelstam analyticity, we determine the kinematic range in which the equations are valid. As an application, we consider the resolution of the $γγ\toππ$ partial waves by a Muskhelishvili--Omnès representation with finite matching point. We find a sum rule for the isospin-two $S$-wave, which, together with chiral constraints, produces an improved prediction for the charged-pion quadrupole polarizability $(α_2-β_2)^{π^\pm}=(15.3\pm 3.7)\cdot 10^{-4} {\rm fm}^5$. We investigate the prediction of our dispersion relations for the two-photon coupling of the $σ$-resonance $Γ_{σγγ}$. The twice-subtracted version predicts a correlation between this width and the isospin-zero pion polarizabilities, which is largely independent of the high-energy input used in the equations. Using this correlation, the chiral perturbation theory results for pion polarizabilities, and our new sum rule, we find $Γ_{σγγ}=(1.7\pm 0.4)\,{\rm keV}$.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures, version published in Eur.Phys.J. C
A positive-weight next-to-leading order simulation of weak boson pair production
Creators: name: Hamilton, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we describe simulations of ZZ, WZ and WW production based on the positive weight next-to-leading-order matching scheme, Powheg, in the Herwig++ event generator. Building on earlier efforts within the Herwig++ framework, the simulation includes a full description of truncated showering effects, required to correctly model soft, wide angle, emissions in angular-ordered parton showers. We utilize simple relations among each of the diboson cross sections, holding to order alpha_S, in constructing the simulation. Spin correlation effects are also included in the decays of the vector bosons at the tree order. A large part of this work is concerned with a full and thorough validation of the simulations through comparisons with alternative methods and calculations.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures; v2 references added; v3 commented on singly resonant contributions and damping factors
Letter from Gunnar Myrdal to Frederick P. Keppel, February 13, 1940
Creators: name: Myrdal, Gunnar, 1898-1987
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Gunnar Myrdal clarifies two budget increases from the latest progress report on the Carnegie-Myrdal Study.
Contribution of Lensed SCUBA Galaxies to the Cosmic Infrared Background
Creators: name: Zemcov, M.
name: Blain, A.
name: Halpern, M.
name: Levenson, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface density of submillimeter (sub-mm) galaxies as a function of flux, usually termed the source number counts, constrains models of the evolution of the density and luminosity of starburst galaxies. At the faint end of the distribution, direct detection and counting of galaxies are not possible. However, gravitational lensing by clusters of galaxies allows detection of sources which would otherwise be too dim to study. We have used the largest catalog of sub-mm-selected sources along the line of sight to galaxy clusters to estimate the faint end of the 850 micron number counts; integrating to S = 0.10 mJy the equivalent flux density at 850 microns is v I_{v} = 0.24 +/- 0.03 nW/m^2/sr. This provides a lower limit to the extragalactic far-infrared background and is consistent with direct estimates of the full intensity from the FIRAS. The results presented here can help to guide strategies for upcoming surveys carried out with single dish sub-mm instruments.
description: v3 matches published manuscript; small grammatical and typographical changes from v2
Feasibility of self-correcting quantum memory and thermal stability of topological order
Creators: name: Yoshida, Beni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has become apparent that the thermal stability of topologically ordered systems at finite temperature, as discussed in condensed matter physics, can be studied by addressing the feasibility of self-correcting quantum memory, as discussed in quantum information science. Here, with this correspondence in mind, we propose a model of quantum codes that may cover a large class of physically realizable quantum memory. The model is supported by a certain class of gapped spin Hamiltonians, called stabilizer Hamiltonians, with translation symmetries and a small number of ground states that does not grow with the system size. We show that the model does not work as self-correcting quantum memory due to a certain topological constraint on geometric shapes of its logical operators. This quantum coding theoretical result implies that systems covered or approximated by the model cannot have thermally stable topological order, meaning that no system can be stable against both thermal fluctuations and local perturbations simultaneously in two and three spatial dimensions.
description: 72 pages, 37 figures; final version, added discussion on topological order, Annals of Physics
Object-X: The Brightest Mid-IR Point Source in M33
Creators: name: Khan, Rubab
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Bonanos, A. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the nature of the brightest mid-IR point source (which we dub Object X) in the nearby galaxy M33. Although multi-wavelength data on this object have existed in the literature for some time, it has not previously been recognized as the most luminous mid-IR object in M33 because it is entirely unremarkable in both optical and near-IR light. In the Local Group Galaxies Survey, Object X is a faint red source visible in VRI and H-alpha but not U or B. It was easily seen at JHK_s in the 2MASS survey. It is the brightest point source in all four Spitzer IRAC bands and is also visible in the MIPS 24-micron band. Its bolometric luminosity is 5x10^5 L_sun. The source is optically variable on short time scales (tens of days) and is also slightly variable in the mid-IR, indicating that it is a star. Archival photographic plates (from 1949 and 1991) show no optical source, so the star has been obscured for at least half a century. Its properties are similar to those of the Galactic OH/IR star IRC+10420 which has a complex dusty circumstellar structure resulting from episodic low velocity mass ejections. We propose that Object X is a M>30 M_sun evolved star obscured in its own dust ejected during episodic mass loss events over at least half a century. It may emerge from its current ultra-short evolutionary phase as a hotter post-RSG star analogous to M33 Var A. The existence and rarity of such objects can be an important probe of a very brief yet eventful stellar evolutionary phase.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication by ApJ
Evolution of curvature and anisotropy near a nonsingular bounce
Creators: name: Xue, BingKan
name: Steinhardt, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider bouncing cosmologies in which an ekpyrotic contraction phase with w >> 1 is followed by a bouncing phase with w < -1 that violates the null energy condition. The bouncing phase, induced by ghost condensation, is designed to produce a classically nonsingular bounce at a finite value of the scale factor. We show that the initial curvature and anisotropy, though diluted during the ekpyrotic phase, grow back exponentially during the bouncing phase. Moreover, curvature perturbations and anisotropy are generated by quantum fluctuations during the ekpyrotic phase. In the bouncing phase, however, an adiabatic curvature perturbation grows to dominate and contributes a blue spectrum that spoils the scale-invariance. Meanwhile, a scalar shear perturbation grows nonlinear and creates an overwhelming anisotropy that disrupts the nonsingular bounce altogether.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Three realizations of quantum affine algebra $U_q(A_2^{(2)})$
Creators: name: Shapiro, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we establish explicit isomorphisms between three realizations of quantum twisted affine algebra $U_q(A_2^{(2)})$: the Drinfeld ("current") realization, the Chevalley realization and the so-called $RLL$ realization, investigated by Faddeev, Reshetikhin and Takhtajan.
description: 15 pages
title: Актуальные вопросы профилактики и эпидемиологии онкологических заболеваний в схожих по численности регионах России
Creators: name: Лейфер, Олеся
name: Иванов, Илья
name: Савчук, Константин
name: Коростелев, Михаил
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: Причины онкологических заболеваний ограничиваются не только генетической предрасположенностью, но и образом жизни человека. Рассматривая эпигенетические факторы канцерогенеза, можно сразу выделить роль профилактики как самого главного метода предупреждения патологического процесса. В регионах России реализуются национальные программы по профилактике рака, представлены основные способы по снижению онкологических заболеваний для каждого субъекта страны. В работе изучена эпидемиологическая обстановка 5 регионов с приблизительно схожей численностью населения за 3 года. Особенно подробно на примере Новгородской области рассмотрены способы противораковой работы, просветительской деятельности. В целом обстановка при реализуемых программах остается стабильно-напряженная во всех анализируемых регионах.
Exact nonlinear inhomogeneities in $Λ$CDM cosmology
Creators: name: Meures, Nikolai
name: Bruni, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At a time when galaxy surveys and other observations are reaching unprecedented sky coverage and precision it seems timely to investigate the effects of general relativistic nonlinear dynamics on the growth of structures and on observations. Analytic inhomogeneous cosmological models are an indispensable way of investigating and understanding these effects in a simplified context. In this paper, we develop exact inhomogeneous solutions of general relativity with pressureless matter (dust, describing cold dark matter) and cosmological constant $Λ$, which can be used to model an arbitrary initial matter distribution along one line of sight. In particular, we consider the second class Szekeres models with $Λ$ and split their dynamics into a flat $Λ$CDM background and exact nonlinear inhomogeneities, obtaining several new results. One single metric function $Z$ describes the deviation from the background. We show that $F$, the time dependent part of $Z$, satisfies the familiar linear differential equation for $δ$, the first-order density perturbation of dust, with the usual growing and decaying modes. In the limit of small perturbations, $δ\approx F$ as expected, and the growth of inhomogeneities links up exactly with standard perturbation theory. We provide analytic expressions for the exact nonlinear $δ$ and the growth factor in our models. For the case of over-densities, we find that, depending on the initial conditions, the growing mode may or may not lead to a pancake singularity, analogous to a Zel'dovich pancake. This is in contrast with the $Λ=0$ pure Einstein-de-Sitter background where, at any given point in comoving (Lagrangian) coordinates pancakes will always occur.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, some changes made in the text, 4 references added and Eqs. (46) and (C3) corrected