Homoneura (Homoneura) apiconcava You & Chen & Li 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: You, Pengyan
name: Chen, Xulong
name: Li, Wenliang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Lauxaniidae
Homoneura
Homoneura apiconcava

description: Homoneura (Homoneura) apiconcava sp. nov. (Figs 1–10)
Diagnosis. Mesonotum with acrostichal setulae in irregular eight rows. Wing with brown apical spots on R 2+3, R 4+5 and M 1 slightly confluent and forming pale brown connecting area between apical spots. Surstylus with concavity apically in lateral view. Pregonite rounded apically, postgonite furcated. Phallus curved backward and hook-like apically in lateral view.
Description. MALE. Body length 9.5–10.0mm, wing length 9.5–9.8mm. FEMALE. Body length 9.6–10.1mm, wing length 9.5–9.9mm.
Head (Fig. 1) yellow. Frons as long as wide and parallel-sided, with a pair of pale brown stripes extending to sides of ocellar triangle; ocellar triangle yellow, ocellar seta developed. Gena about 1/7 height of eye. Antenna yellow, first flagellomere about 2.0 times longer than high; arista black except yellow at base, long plumose, with longest ray as long as height of first flagellomere. Proboscis yellow, with pale yellow and black setulae; palpus yellow, with black setulae.
Thorax (Fig. 4) yellow, with gray pruinosity. 0+3 dorsocentral setae, anteriormost postsutural dorsocentral seta far from scutal suture, acrostichal setulae in irregular eight rows. Legs pale yellow. Fore femur with ten posterior dorsal setae, four to five posterior ventral setae and ctenidium with 12 short setae; fore tibia with one dorsal preapical seta and one apical ventral seta. Mid femur with six to seven anterior setae and one apical posterior seta; mid tibia with one strong dorsal preapical seta and four strong apical ventral setae. Hind femur with one preapical anterior dorsal seta; hind tibia with one dorsal preapical seta and one short apical ventral seta. Wing (Fig. 2) slightly yellow, basal margin of brown apical spot on R 2+3 distinctly behind vertical level of crossvein dm-cu; brown apical spots on R 2+3, R 4+5 and M 1 slightly confluent and forming pale brown connecting area between apical spots on R 2+3, R 4+5 and M 1; brown median spot on R 4+5 separated from brown cloud-like spot on crossvein dm-cu; subcostal cell pale brown apically; costa with 2nd (between R 1 and R 2+3), 3rd (between R 2+3 and R 4+5), and 4th (between R 4+5 and M 1) sections in proportion of 4.7mm: 1.2mm: 1.1mm; r-m distinctly before middle of discal cell; ultimate and penultimate sections of M 1 in proportion of 2.6mm: 2.4mm; ultimate section of CuA 1 about 1/7 of penultimate. Haltere yellow.
Abdomen (Fig. 5) yellow, tergites 2–5 with blackish brown posterior margin. Male genitalia (Fig. 6–10): syntergosternite circular. Epandrium broad in lateral view; surstylus with concavity apically in lateral view. Hypandrium H-shaped. Pregonite rounded apically, postgonite furcated. Phallus curved backward and hook-like apically in lateral view. Phallapodeme shorter than phallus.
Type material. Holotype male, China, Chongqing: Wuxi County, Yintiaoling Nature Reserve, Linkouzi Management and Protection Station to Guimenguan, 31°28′36″N, 109°53′19″E, elev. 1349 m, 2022. VIII. 11, leg. Xulong Chen. Paratypes: 3 males and 9 females, same data as holotype; 1 male and 6 females, Yintiaoling, Ganheba, 31°31′25″N, 109°49′32″E, elev. 1258m, 2022. VI. 25, leg. Xulong Chen; 1 male and 1 female, Yintiaoling, Zhuanping, 31°28′30″N, 109°52′41″E, elev. 1456m, 2022. VI. 28, leg. Xulong Chen; 1 male, Yintiaoling, Linkouzi, 31°28′27″N, 109°52′55″E, elev. 1294m, 2022. VI. 29, leg. Xulong Chen; 1 female, Yintiaoling, Lanying Town, Huangcaoping, 31°24′59″N, 109°55′25″E, elev. 2039m, 2022. VIII. 14, leg. Xulong Chen; 1 female, Yintiaoling, Guanshan, Maizitang, 31°32′15″N, 109°42′19″E, elev. 2168m, 2022. VIII. 17, leg. Xulong Chen; 1 male, Yintiaoling, Hongqi Management and Protection Station, 31°30′32″N, 109°49′11″E, elev. 1117m, 2022. IX. 22, leg. Xulong Chen; 2 females, Yintiaoling, Hongqi Management and Protection Station, Ganheba, 31°31′25″N, 109°49′32″E, elev. 1258m, 2022. IX. 23, leg. Xulong Chen; 5 males and 5 females, Yintiaoling, Lanying Town, Xi'an Village, 31°24′1″N, 109°51′52″E, elev. 1637m, 2022. IX. 24, leg. Xulong Chen.
Etymology. The specific name comes from the combination of the prefix ‘ api- ’ (meaning apical) and the Latin word, ‘ concava ’ (meaning concave), referring to the surstylus with concavity apically in lateral view.
Distribution. China (Chongqing)
Remarks. The new species is very similar to H. (H.) shunhuangshana Chen & Li, 2022 from Hunan of China, but it can be separated from the latter by the mesonotum with acrostichal setulae in irregular eight rows; fore femur with ten posterior dorsal setae and ctenidium with 12 short setae; basal margin of brown apical spot on R 2+3 distinctly behind vertical level of crossvein dm-cu; surstylus with concavity apically in lateral view. In H. (H.) shunhuangshana, mesonotum with acrostichal setulae in irregular ten rows; fore femur with eight posterior dorsal setae and ctenidium with 18–19 short setae; basal margin of brown apical spot on R 2+3 at same vertical level of crossvein dm-cu; surstylus without concavity apically in lateral view.
The new species is also somewhat similar to H. (H.) martini Shi, Gao & Shen, 2017 from Henan and Jiangxi of China, but it can be separated from the latter by the fore femur with ten posterodorsal setae and four to five posteroventral setae; abdominal tergites 2–5 with blackish brown posterior margin; syntergosternite with broad membranous ventral process and without long hair around spiracle; surstylus with apical concavity; phallus curved, without subapical processes in lateral view. In H. (H.) martini, fore femur with eight posterodorsal setae and three posteroventral setae; abdominal tergites 2–5 without blackish brown posterior margin; syntergosternite without broad membranous ventral process and with 2–3 long hairs around spiracle; surstylus without apical concavity; phallus not curved, with a pair of triangular subapical processes in lateral view.
description: Published as part of You, Pengyan, Chen, Xulong & Li, Wenliang, 2023, Four new species of the subgenus Homoneura from Yintiaoling Nature Reserve China (Diptera: Lauxaniidae: Homoneura), pp. 143-159 in Zootaxa 5257 (1) on pages 146-147, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5257.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7765667