cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Monster CME Obscuring A Demon Star Flare
Creators: name: Moschou, Sofia-Paraskevi
name: Drake, Jeremy J.
name: Cohen, Ofer
name: Alvarado-Gomez, Julian D.
name: Garraffo, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the scenario of a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) being the cause of the observed continuous X-ray absorption of the August 30 1997 superflare on the eclipsing binary Algol (the Demon Star). The temporal decay of the absorption is consistent with absorption by a CME undergoing self-similar evolution with uniform expansion velocity. We investigate the kinematic and energetic properties of the CME using the ice-cream cone model for its three-dimensional structure in combination with the observed profile of the hydrogen column density decline with time. Different physically justified length scales were used that allowed us to estimate lower and upper limits of the possible CME characteristics. Further consideration of the maximum available magnetic energy in starspots leads us to quantify its mass as likely lying in the range $2\times 10^{21}$-$2\times 10^{22}$ g and kinetic energy in the range $7\times 10^{35}$-$3\times 10^{38}$ erg. The results are in reasonable agreement with extrapolated relations between flare X-ray fluence and CME mass and kinetic energy derived for solar CMEs.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Curating species lists: Aggregating data to enhance context
Creators: name: Connolly, Keeva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Australian Reference Genome Atlas (ARGA) is an indexing platform for genomic data from Australian and Australian-relevant species. It enables users to search for data across multiple repositories from a single, centralised portal.

One of ARGA's aims is to enrich genomic data by exposing metadata and providing data from additional sources. This includes species-level data, which can provide users with more information about an organism's ecological, commercial, and legal context. One of the ways this is implemented in ARGA is through curated species lists for a selection of ecological and thematic groupings, such as marine biodiversity and notifiable pest species.

Species lists were compiled by sourcing data from a range of resources, including legislative instruments, international conventions, national taxonomic databases, such as the Australian Faunal Directory and Australian Plant Census, and industry reports. We developed ontologies to define and pull down common species' attributes, so that multiple listings and data fields could be applied to one species. For example, threatened species are described according to the national, state and/or territory lists they are included on, as well as the conservation status designated on each of those lists.

By building lists around species' attributes, ARGA provides users with defined contextual categorisations for species, enables users to make custom data searches by filtering on specific attributes, and to browse data according to curated groupings. Exploring data availability across species lists can reveal which taxa are data-rich and which are data-poor, to help users plan future research or policy.
First images on the sky from a hyper telescope
Creators: name: Pedretti, E.
name: Labeyrie, A.
name: Arnold, L.
name: Thureau, N.
name: Lardiere, O.
name: Boccaletti, A.
name: Riaud, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show star images obtained with a miniature ``densified pupil imaging interferometer'' also called a hyper-telescope. The formation of such images violates a ``golden rule of imaging interferometers'' which appeared to forbid the use of interferometric arrangements differing from a Fizeau interferometer. These produce useless images when the sub-apertures spacing is much wider than their size, owing to diffraction through the sub-apertures. The hyper-telescope arrangement solves these problems opening the way towards multi-kilometer imaging arrays in space. We experimentally obtain an intensity gain of 24 +- 3X when a densified-pupil interferometer is compared to an equivalent Fizeau-type interferometer and show images of the double star alpha Gem. The initial results presented confirm the possibility of directly obtaining high resolution and high dynamic range images in the recombined focal plane of a large interferometer if enough elements are used.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX, standard A&A macros + BibTeX macros. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplements
Lipid degrading enzymes as drug alternative against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Creators: name: HK Garg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biotechnology

description: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a causative agent of tuberculosis, is one of the most flourishing pathogen human has ever come across. This is due to its ability to fight with the immune system of the host, restraining the complete host defence system to carry on in the host cells. Till date, majority of the drugs target upon the budding bacterium and not the quiescent ones.During hypoxic conditions or dormancy, the mycobacterium derives energy from the stored lipids and consumes them as carbon source to stay alive. Not only the lipases, but lipolytic enzymes, such as phospholipase C, induce macrophage membrane lysis in M. tuberculosis. In other pathogen, which infects human beings, the secretary lipid degrading enzymes help in hydrolysis of cell membrane of host to adhere with the host cell. Genome sequence analysis of the M. tuberculosis has disclosed that it contains 250 enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, as compared to Escherichia coli which carries 50 only. Among these enzymes, a family of 21 carboxyl ester hydrolases, called Lip (A to W, except K and S), have been annotated as putative esterases or lipases. Studies are underway to explore all these lipolytic enzymes to develop a novel drug target.
Strain-induced superfluid transition for atoms on graphene
Creators: name: Kim, Sang Wook
name: Elsayed, Mohamed
name: Nichols, Nathan S.
name: Lakoba, Taras
name: Vanegas, Juan
name: Wexler, Carlos
name: Kotov, Valeri N.
name: Del Maestro, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bosonic atoms deposited on atomically thin substrates represent a playground for exotic quantum many-body physics due to the highly-tunable, atomic-scale nature of the interaction potentials. The ability to engineer strong interparticle interactions can lead to the emergence of complex collective atomic states of matter, not possible in the context of dilute atomic gases confined in optical lattices. While it is known that the first layer of adsorbed helium on graphene is permanently locked into a solid phase, we show by a combination of quantum Monte Carlo and mean-field techniques, that simple isotropic graphene lattice expansion effectively unlocks a large variety of two-dimensional ordered commensurate, incommensurate, cluster atomic solid, and superfluid states for adsorbed atoms. It is especially significant that an atomically thin superfluid phase of matter emerges under experimentally feasible strain values, with potentially supersolid phases in close proximity on the phase diagram.
description: Main text: 12 pages and 5 figures. Supplementary Information: 3 pages and 3 figures. For associated data and code repository see: https://github.com/DelMaestroGroup/papers-code-Superfluid4HeStrainGraphene
Nematic topological superconducting phase in Nb-doped Bi2Se3
Creators: name: Shen, Junying
name: He, Wen-Yu
name: Yuan, Noah Fan Qi
name: Huang, Zengle
name: Cho, Chang-woo
name: Lee, Seng Huat
name: Hor, Yew San
name: Law, Kam Tuen
name: Lortz, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nematic topological superconductor has an order parameter symmetry, which spontaneously breaks the crystalline symmetry in its superconducting state. This state can be observed, for example, by thermodynamic or upper critical field experiments in which a magnetic field is rotated with respect to the crystalline axes. The corresponding physical quantity then directly reflects the symmetry of the order parameter. We present a study on the superconducting upper critical field of the Nb-doped topological insulator NbxBi2Se3 for various magnetic field orientations parallel and perpendicular to the basal plane of the Bi2Se3 layers. The data were obtained by two complementary experimental techniques, magnetoresistance and DC magnetization, on three different single crystalline samples of the same batch. Both methods and all samples show with perfect agreement that the in-plane upper critical fields clearly demonstrate a two-fold symmetry that breaks the three-fold crystal symmetry. The two-fold symmetry is also found in the absolute value of the magnetization of the initial zero-field-cooled branch of the hysteresis loop and in the value of the thermodynamic contribution above the irreversibility field, but also in the irreversible properties such as the value of the characteristic irreversibility field and in the width of the hysteresis loop. This provides strong experimental evidence that Nb-doped Bi2Se3 is a nematic topological superconductor similar to the Cu- and Sr-doped Bi2Se3.
Early deconfinement of asymptotically conformal color-superconducting quark matter in neutron stars
Creators: name: Ivanytskyi, Oleksii
name: Blaschke, David
name: Fischer, Tobias
name: Bauswein, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a relativistic density functional approach to color superconducting quark matter that mimics quark confinement by a fast growth of the quasiparticle selfenergy in the confining region. The approach is shown to be equivalent to a chiral model of quark matter with medium dependent couplings. While the (pseudo)scalar sector of the model is fitted to the vacuum phenomenology of quantum chromodynamics, the strength of interaction in the vector and diquark channels is varied in order to provide the best agreement with the observational constraints on the mass-radius relation and tidal deformability of neutron stars modelled with our approach. In order to recover the conformal behavior of quark matter at asymptotically high densities we introduce a medium dependence of the vector and diquark couplings motivated by the nonperturbative gluon exchange. Our analysis signals that the onset of deconfinement to color superconducting quark matter is likely to occur in neutron stars with masses below 1.0 $M_\odot$.
description: 8 pages, 4 figuures, Contribution to Proceedings of Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum XV, August 1-6, 2022, Stavanger, Norway
Illumination and annealing characteristics of two-dimensional electron gas systems in metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy grown AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures
Creators: name: Biyikli, N.
name: Ozgur, U.
name: Ni, X. F.
name: Fu, Y.
name: Morkoc, H.
name: Kurdak, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the persistent photoconductivity (PPC) effect in AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures with two different Al-compositions (x=0.15 and x=0.25). The two-dimensional electron gas formed at the AlN/GaN heterointerface was characterized by Shubnikov-de Haas and Hall measurements. Using optical illumination, we were able to increase the carrier density of the Al0.15Ga0.85N/AlN/GaN sample from 1.6x10^{12} cm^{-2} to 5.9x1012 cm^{-2}, while the electron mobility was enhanced from 9540 cm2/Vs to 21400 cm2/Vs at T = 1.6 K. The persistent photocurrent in both samples exhibited a strong dependence on illumination wavelength, being highest close to the bandgap and decreasing at longer wavelengths. The PPC effect became fairly weak for illumination wavelengths longer than 530 nm and showed a more complex response with an initial negative photoconductivity in the infrared region of the spectrum (>700 nm). The maximum PPC-efficiency for 390 nm illumination was 0.011% and 0.005% for Al0.25Ga0.75N/AlN/GaN and Al0.15Ga0.85N/AlN/GaN samples, respectively. After illumination, the carrier density could be reduced by annealing the sample. Annealing characteristics of the PPC effect were studied in the 20-280 K temperature range. We found that annealing at 280 K was not sufficient for full recovery of the carrier density. In fact, the PPC effect occurs in these samples even at room temperature. Comparing the measurement results of two samples, the Al0.25Ga0.75N/AlN/GaN sample had a larger response to illumination and displayed a smaller recovery with thermal annealing. This result suggests that the energy scales of the defect configuration-coordinate diagrams for these samples are different, depending on their Al-composition.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
Cancellation of the sigma mode in the thermal pion gas by quark Pauli blocking
Creators: name: Blaschke, David
name: Friesen, Alexandra
name: Kalinovsky, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the pressure of the interacting pion gas using the Beth-Uhlenbeck approach to the relativistic virial expansion with Breit-Wigner phase shifts for the $σ$- and $\varrho$- meson resonances. The repulsive phase shift $δ^2_0$ is taken from quark interchange model of Barnes and Swanson [Phys. Rev. D 46 (1992) 131] in very good agreement with experimental data. In this work we show that the cancellation of the attractive (I = 0) and repulsive (I = 2) isospin channel contributions to the scalar $π-π$ interaction in the low-energy region that is known for the vacuum phase shifts, takes place also at finite temperature. This happens despite the strong medium dependence of these phase shifts that enters our model by the temperature dependence of the $σ$- meson and constituent quark masses because for these masses the relation $m_σ(T) \approx 2 m_q (T)$ holds and the scattering length approximation is valid as long as the strong decay channel $σ\to ππ$ is open. Exploiting the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model for describing the dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry in the vacuum and its restoration at finite temperature, we justify with our approach that the $σ$-meson should be absent from the hadron resonance gas description at low temperatures because the above cancellation holds. However, since this cancellation breaks down in the vicinity of the hadronization transition, where due to chiral symmetry restoration the decay channel $σ\to ππ$ closes and the $σ$- meson becomes a good resonance, the latter should be included into the statistical model description of chemical freeze-out in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, revision of text, references and figures
Growth Inhibition of E.coli, P.vulgaris and H.pylori by Allicin
Creators: name: HK Garg
name: Shrivastava, Ashish
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biotechnology

description: Allicin is an sulphur-containing compound found primarily in garlic (Allium sativum). Allicin isn't actually found in a whole garlic clove. Instead there is a compound called alliin. When the garlic is crushed or chopped, the cells break down and the alliin comes in contact with an enzyme also in the clove, called alliinase. The alliinase changes the alliin into allicin. This is a protective mechanism for the garlic plant.Various medicinal properties like antidiarrhoeal, antifungal, choleretic and anticancer activity have been attributed to this compound in the traditional system of Indian medicine. The bioactive compound allicin has been reported to be effective in the treatment of digestive tract infection.The present study aims at the potential antibacterial value of Allicin against pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris and Helicobacter pylori by disc diffusion method. Bioactive compound Allicin was isolated from the garlic. The results revealed that the Allicin compound are potent in inhibiting these bacteria and this work highlights that the inhibitory effect is on par with standard antibiotics.
4. Distant Reading, ‘The Great Unread’, and Nineteenth Century British Conceptualizations of the Civilizing Mission: A Case Study
Creators: name: Reid, Darren
Publisher: name: GISI - UniTO
Year: 2019

description: Franco Moretti's work on ‘the great unread’ raises serious questions for any field. In the field of new imperial history, I am especially interested in how the use of distant reading to access “the great unread’ can inform our study of imperial and colonial discourses. To stimulate research in this direction, I conducted a small-scale case study to explore the methodological considerations of applying distant reading to imperial discourse analysis. I performed a distant reading on a small sample of the British Library’s collection of digitized nineteenth century monographs to trace how understandings of the idea of a ‘civilizing mission’ changed over the century. My findings indicate that a core understanding of the civilizing mission as related to agriculture, education, and peace remained constant throughout the century, while peripheral concepts of the civilizing mission appear to have changed from tangible social values such as commerce and rule of law to intangible values such as honesty and liberty. Based on the methodological choices I made, primarily due to the small scale of this case study, these findings should be approached with caution. However, they illustrate how probing ‘the great unread’ can generate new research questions and provide nuanced contexts of conceptual change in which to locate the study of civilizing discourses.
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, Vol 8, No 15 (2019)
SPARF: Large-Scale Learning of 3D Sparse Radiance Fields from Few Input Images
Creators: name: Hamdi, Abdullah
name: Ghanem, Bernard
name: Nießner, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T45

description: Recent advances in Neural Radiance Fields (NeRFs) treat the problem of novel view synthesis as Sparse Radiance Field (SRF) optimization using sparse voxels for efficient and fast rendering (plenoxels,InstantNGP). In order to leverage machine learning and adoption of SRFs as a 3D representation, we present SPARF, a large-scale ShapeNet-based synthetic dataset for novel view synthesis consisting of $\sim$ 17 million images rendered from nearly 40,000 shapes at high resolution (400 X 400 pixels). The dataset is orders of magnitude larger than existing synthetic datasets for novel view synthesis and includes more than one million 3D-optimized radiance fields with multiple voxel resolutions. Furthermore, we propose a novel pipeline (SuRFNet) that learns to generate sparse voxel radiance fields from only few views. This is done by using the densely collected SPARF dataset and 3D sparse convolutions. SuRFNet employs partial SRFs from few/one images and a specialized SRF loss to learn to generate high-quality sparse voxel radiance fields that can be rendered from novel views. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art results in the task of unconstrained novel view synthesis based on few views on ShapeNet as compared to recent baselines. The SPARF dataset is made public with the code and models on the project website https://abdullahamdi.com/sparf/ .
description: published at ICCV 2023 workshop proceedings
Energetic Radiation from Wakefield Acceleration and its Applications
Creators: name: Gerstmayr, Elias
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The driving theme of this thesis is the experimental production and characterisation of high-energy gamma radiation using a laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA), and its application in the context of studies of fundamental QED phenomena. An electron beam from shock injection of an energy up to 1.3 GeV was collided with a laser pulse at an intensity of a0 ~ 0.2 - 1 producing 10's of MeV photons from linear inverse Compton scattering (ICS). The emitted radiation was used to diagnose the properties of the electron beam and of the laser pulse at the interaction. It was demonstrated that this can also be used to systematically facilitate the spatio-temporal overlap of the electron beam and the laser pulse in future radiation reaction studies. A relativistic electron beam of energy > 500 MeV was collided with a tightly focused laser pulse with a0 ~ 10. The interaction generated broadband synchrotron-like radiation from non-linear inverse Compton scattering (ICS) with critical energies > 30 MeV, which are the highest ICS photon energies reported from an all-optical setup at this time. The high photon energies in turn enabled a significant measurement of energy loss in the electron beam, rendering this the first published measurement of radiation reaction in an LWFA setup. An electron beam from LWFA was used to commission a bremsstrahlung gamma-ray source reaching photon energies of several hundreds of MeV. Different materials and accelerator configurations were used to optimise the yield of photons and to mitigate the production of secondary particles. The energetic gamma rays were then collided with the X-ray field emitted by a hot plasma in order to attempt the production of electron-positron pairs from the Breit-Wheeler process.
2. Vouloir pour la nature. La représentation juridique des entités naturelles
Creators: name: Brunet, Pierre
Publisher: name: GISI - UniTO
Year: 2019

description: Les signes de la « crise écologique » que subit la planète apparaissent chaque jour plus évidents à la grande majorité de la population mondiale. Elle était pourtant annoncée depuis bien longtemps car elle résulte en grande partie d’un mode de développement qui passe par une exploitation intensive des ressources naturelles et sans que soient pris en compte les coûts écologiques de ce développement. Cette crise soulève la question des relations entre les droits des individus et les objectifs de protection de la nature. Aussi des propositions d’ordre théorique existent qui tentent de penser l’adaptation du gouvernement représentatif des sociétés contemporaines en vue de promouvoir des politiques publiques à la hauteur de l’enjeu écologique actuel. À côté de ces propositions, et de façon complémentaire, il est envisagé d’accorder – ou de reconnaître – des droits à la nature en tant que telle. Initialement formulée au début des années 70, cette idée – ou ce discours des droits au profit de la nature –, connaît un fort regain d’intérêt depuis une dizaine d’années. Mieux encore, des dispositifs juridiques, constitutionnels, législatifs et jurisprudentiels, existent désormais. Dans tous les cas, la difficulté majeure est de parvenir à concilier la liberté des individus – obtenue de haute lutte et sur laquelle est fondée la démocratie représentative – avec des objectifs de protection, de conservation ou encore de préservation ou encore de précaution – voire de compassion – envers des objets naturels, objectifs qui supposent une certaine limitation de cette liberté. Ce sont certaines de ces propositions et réalisations qu’examine cet article, sans prétendre pour autant à l’exhaustivité.
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, Vol 8, No 15 (2019)
Observations of a Radio-quiet Solar Preflare
Creators: name: Benz, A. O.
name: Battaglia, M.
name: Guedel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The preflare phase of the flare SOL2011-08-09T03:52 is unique in its long duration, its coverage by the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) and the Nobeyama Radioheliograph, and the presence of three well-developed soft X-ray (SXR) peaks. No hard X-rays (HXR) are observed in the preflare phase. Here we report that also no associated radio emission at 17 GHz was found despite the higher sensitivity of the radio instrument. The ratio between the SXR peaks and the upper limit of the radio peaks is larger by more than one order of magnitude compared to regular flares. The result suggests that the ratio between acceleration and heating in the preflare phase was different than in regular flares. Acceleration to relativistic energies, if any, occurred with lower efficiency.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Solar Physics
Investigation of the gene regulatory logic encoded in genome sequences using machine learning
Creators: name: Steinhauser, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Spatiotemporal regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms is mediated by cell-type specific regulatory elements called transcriptional enhancers. Their activity is regulated by the coordinated binding of transcription factors (TFs) to specific DNA sequences encoded within these elements. In this PhD thesis, we investigate transcriptional enhancers in the context of pluripotency and early neural development. In Chapter 2, we investigate how enhancer activity is encoded in the DNA sequence underlying TF binding sites. To this end, enhancer activities of NANOG binding sites in naive mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) were measured using ChIP STARR-seq. This revealed two distinct classes of NANOG binding sites, active enhancers and inactive binding sites. Predictive modelling of these classes uncovered sequence features which account for these differences such as the ESRRB motif. In Chapter 3, we examined differential enhancer activities of NANOG binding sites between naive and primed mESC using ChIP STARR-seq. Comprehensive analysis of various chromatin genomic features revealed chromatin accessibility changes as a major predictor of differential enhancer activity. Predictive modelling using only DNA sequence features uncovered potential transcriptional regulators that define enhancer activity in the two cellular states, such as TCF3, TCF4 and ESRRB for naive mESC and ZIC3 for primed cells. In Chapter 4, we studied the timing of neural induction during early nervous system development along the anterior-posterior axis using information about enhancer accessibilities. Changes in open-chromatin states during neural development were measured by applying ATAC-seq to an in vitro model system. Analysis of resulting data revealed that for posterior spinal cord induction, cells initially commit to a posterior regional identity before acquiring neural identity. Moreover, our analysis highlighted the role of CDX2 during this process which represses hindbrain and activates spinal cord related transcriptional programs. Together, this Chapter provides conclusively evidence for the dual origin of neural progenitor cells.
The effect of wall heating on instability of channel flow
Creators: name: Sameen, A.
name: Govindarajan, Rama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive study of the effect of wall heating or cooling on the linear, transient and secondary growth of instability in channel flow is conducted. The effect of viscosity stratification, heat diffusivity and of buoyancy are estimated separately, with some unexpected results. From linear stability results, it has been accepted that heat diffusivity does not affect stability. However, we show that realistic Prandtl numbers cause a transient growth of disturbances that is an order of magnitude higher than at zero Prandtl number. Buoyancy, even at fairly low levels, gives rise to high levels of subcritical energy growth. Unusually for transient growth, both of these are spanwise-independent and not in the form of streamwise vortices. At moderate Grashof numbers, exponential growth dominates, with distinct Rayleigh-Benard and Poiseuille modes for Grashof numbers upto $\sim 25000$, which merge thereafter. Wall heating has a converse effect on the secondary instability compared to the primary, destabilising significantly when viscosity decreases towards the wall. It is hoped that the work will motivate experimental and numerical efforts to understand the role of wall heating in the control of channel and pipe flows.
description: Submitted to J. Fluid Mech
A complete distribution of redshifts for sub-millimetre galaxies in the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey UDS field
Creators: name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: Hayward, C. C.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Simpson, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-milllimetre galaxies (SMGs) are some of the most luminous star-forming galaxies in the Universe, however their properties remain hard to determine due to the difficulty of identifying their optical\slash near-infrared counterparts. One of the key steps to determining the nature of SMGs is measuring a redshift distribution representative of the whole population. We do this by applying statistical techniques to a sample of 761 850$μ$m sources from the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey observations of the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey (UDS) Field. We detect excess galaxies around $> 98.4$ per cent of the 850$μ$m positions in the deep UDS catalogue, giving us the first 850$μ$m selected sample to have virtually complete optical\slash near-infrared redshift information. Under the reasonable assumption that the redshifts of the excess galaxies are representative of the SMGs themselves, we derive a median SMG redshift of $z = 2.05 \pm 0.03$, with 68 per cent of SMGs residing between $1.07 < z < 3.06$. We find an average of $1.52\pm 0.09$ excess $K$-band galaxies within 12 arc sec of an 850$μ$m position, with an average stellar mass of $2.2\pm 0.1 \times 10^{10}$ M$_\odot$. While the vast majority of excess galaxies are star-forming, $8.0 \pm 2.1$ per cent have passive rest-frame colours, and are therefore unlikely to be detected at sub-millimetre wavelengths even in deep interferometry. We show that brighter SMGs lie at higher redshifts, and use our SMG redshift distribution -- along with the assumption of a universal far-infrared SED -- to estimate that SMGs contribute around 30 per cent of the cosmic star formation rate density between $0.5 < z < 5.0$.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
6. Literature on Inheritance: A Summary of What Can Be Learnt
Creators: name: Marian, Cosmin Gabriel
Publisher: name: GISI - UniTO
Year: 2019

description: The routines and progressions that have shaped the inheritance in human societies received extensive scholarly consideration. Studies in this field have explored and investigated the impact of legal and traditional rules of property transmission on the structures of the society and the models of political power. This review is not aimed as an exhaustive evaluation of the extant literature. Rather, it focuses on illustrating the diversity of the proposed explanations and draws some conclusions on what can be learnt.
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, Vol 8, No 15 (2019)
Genotoxicity in Pesticide Workers
Creators: name: Shrivastava, Ashish
name: A. Choudhary
name: HK Garg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biotechnology

description: Pesticides are chemicals used to control agricultural pests. Though use of pesticides improves the magnitude of agricultural products, yet it severely affects the quality of the crop. In order to assess the genetic risk, arising out of the integrated exposure of composite pesticide, the geno-toxicological biomonitoring in human populations can serve as a useful device. Cytogenetic disfigurement in the flowing lymphocytes of the exposed individuals has been widely employed as a biomarker. It’s a quick and reliable test that detects the damage caused to DNA by different dosages of pesticide in question.A positive correlation has been observed between pesticide exposure and chromosomal aberrations (CA), micro-nuclei (MN) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) in the cultured lymphocytes isolated from peripheral blood of the exposed individuals.
Local, colocal, and antilocal properties of modules and complexes over commutative rings
Creators: name: Positselski, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is a commutative algebra introduction to the homological theory of quasi-coherent sheaves and contraherent cosheaves over quasi-compact semi-separated schemes. Antilocality is an alternative way in which global properties are locally controlled in a finite affine open covering. For example, injectivity of modules over non-Noetherian commutative rings is not preserved by localizations, while homotopy injectivity of complexes of modules is not preserved by localizations even for Noetherian rings. The latter also applies to the contraadjustedness and cotorsion properties. All the mentioned properties of modules or complexes over commutative rings are actually antilocal. They are also colocal, if one presumes contraadjustedness. Generally, if the left class in a (hereditary complete) cotorsion theory for modules or complexes of modules over commutative rings is local and preserved by direct images with respect to affine open immersions, then the right class is antilocal. If the right class in a cotorsion theory for contraadjusted modules or complexes of contraadjusted modules is colocal and preserved by such direct images, then the left class is antilocal. As further examples, the class of flat contraadjusted modules is antilocal, and so are the classes of acyclic, Becker-coacyclic, or Becker-contraacyclic complexes of contraadjusted modules. The same applies to the classes of homotopy flat complexes of flat contraadjusted modules and acyclic complexes of flat contraadjusted modules with flat modules of cocycles.
description: LaTeX 2e with xy-pic; 53 pages, 9 commutative diagrams; v.2: new Lemmas 1.5 and 1.6 inserted, Sections 6 and 7 greatly expanded with lots of new examples (also three propositions, one corollary, one remark) added; v.3: some references corrected, new Example 7.11 inserted; v.4: misprints corrected, references updated, two references added; v.5: several misprints corrected
3. On the Lability of Natural Entities, at the Example of Raspe’s ‘De novis e mari natis insulis’
Creators: name: Pasini, Enrico
Publisher: name: GISI - UniTO
Year: 2019

description: Early-Modern natural philosophy—when, in the inception phase of geology, or the history of the earth, philosophy, theology, natural science and biblical history were still intertwined—can provide us with some examples of an early understanding of the possible extreme lability of apparently rock-solid natural entities. The example that we shall concentrate upon here is Rudolph Erich Raspe, a German geologist and professor of antiquities. To Raspe's way of thinking, the fact that new islands still appeared in the 18th century was proof that, in his present time just as in the past, the Earth was subject to impressive movements and commotions: and so, in an impressive way, even lifeless natural entities could raise, disappear, be born and mutate
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, Vol 8, No 15 (2019)
title: ADCO, Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515) (11 H 1162), f. 00190
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1162). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1499-1515), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1162), f. 00190, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
1. Editorial
Creators: name: JIHI Editors, The
Publisher: name: GISI - UniTO
Year: 2019

description: Ce numéro paraît malheuresement avec beaucoup de retard: une situation que nous regrettons et pour laquelle nous nous excusons envers nos lecteurs et auteurs. Pour le prochain numéro nous promettons plus de ponctualité. Les article de ce numéro sont issues du séminaire sur la représentation des entités naturelles qui a eu lieu à l’Université de Turin en octobre 2018. Dans la section des Notes on continue la discussion de thèmes méthodologiques liés aux humanités numériques et à ce qu’on appelle communement « distant reading » – un thème qu'on va reprendre dans le prochain numéro. Dans la section des Comptes-Rendus, on trouvera deux experiment avec des formules qui sont, au moins dans notre revue, nouvelles: en particulier on présente ici la première expérience de Retro-Review, « compte-rendu » d’un livre paru il y a longtemps, qui est une invitation à le lire et relire.
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, Vol 8, No 15 (2019)
The Structural Phase Transition of the Relaxor Ferroelectric 68%PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-32%PbTiO3
Creators: name: Gvasaliya, S. N.
name: Roessli, B.
name: Cowley, R. A.
name: Kojima, S.
name: Lushnikov, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron scattering techniques have been used to study the relaxor ferroelectric 0.68PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3-0.32PbTiO3 denoted in this paper as 0.68PMN-0.32PT. On cooling, these relaxor ferroelectrics have a long-range ordered ferroelectric phase and the composition is close to that at which the ferroelectric structure changes from rhombohedral to tetragonal. It was found that above the Burns temperature of about 600K, the transverse optic mode and the transverse acoustic mode are strongly coupled and a model was used to describe this coupling that gave similar parameters to those obtained for the coupling in PMN. Below the Burns temperature additional quasi-elastic scattering was found which increased in intensity as the sample was cooled down to the ferroelectric transition temperature but then decreased in intensity. This behaviour is similar to that found in PMN. This scattering is associated with the dynamic polar nano-regions that occur below the Burns temperature. In addition to this scattering a strictly elastic resolution limited peak was observed that was much weaker than the corresponding peak in pure PMN and which decreased in intensity on cooling below the ferroelectric phase whereas for PMN, which does not have a long-range ordered ferroelectric phase, the intensity of this component increased monotonically as the sample was cooled. The results of our study are compared with the recent measurements of Stock et al. [PRB 73 064107] who studied 0.4PMN-0.6PT. The results are qualitatively consistent with the random field model developed to describe the scattering from PMN.
Revisiting field burial by accretion onto neutron stars
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Dipanjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface magnetic field strength of millisecond pulsars (MSPs) is found to be about 4 orders of magnitude lower than that of garden variety radio pulsars (with a spin of $\sim 0.5-5$ s and $B\sim 10^{12}$G). The exact mechanism of the apparent reduction of field strength in MSPs is still a subject of debate. One of the proposed mechanisms is burial of the surface magnetic field under matter accreted from a companion. In this article we review the recent work on magnetic confinement of accreted matter on neutron stars poles. We present the solutions of the magneto-static equations with a more accurate equation of state of the magnetically confined plasma and discuss its implications for the field burial mechanism.
description: Has appeared in Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy special issue on 'Physics of Neutron Stars and Related Objects', celebrating the 75th birth-year of G. Srinivasan
Different Minds: Harnessing the Latent Superpower Behind eResearch
Creators: name: Uhlherr, Alfred
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Recent focus on strengthening workforce diversity and inclusion (D&I) policies can be expected to lead to significant productivity and social benefits.  Nonetheless, awareness of the full prevalence and significance of neurodiversity remains limited in many work environments.  While individuals with neurological conditions such as dyslexia, dysgraphia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder etc can reach their full potential in supportive environments, it is the neurodivergent individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) that are generally most common, most under-identified, most misunderstood, and most associated with specialised creative, technical and innovative capabilities that can exceed those of their "neurotypical" colleagues.

In this work we briefly outline some common neurodivergent attributes and their implications, across different fields and roles in the academic, research, innovation, information and technology sectors.  From this one may deduce that the explicitly interdisciplinary and intersectional field of eResearch would be expected to attract an especially high concentration of neurodivergent professionals.

Our region's eResearch communities provide a largely positive environment for their neurodivergent members, where their inclusion is in many ways taken for granted and thus rarely addressed explicitly.  Indeed the prevalence of ASC in such communities would almost certainly be underestimated, not least because of the many reasons why individuals with ASC may tend not to disclose, reflect on, or even be aware of, this aspect of their identity.

We then describe how an algorithmic ("neurodivergent") approach to management decisions, that utilises inherently universal, objective, cross-cultural, non-anthropocentric mathematical principles and language, appears especially suitable for implementing optimal workplace diversity policies.
5. Retro-Review: Michel Verdon, Keynes and the ‘Classics’: a study in language, epistemology and mistaken identities, 1996. Essay review
Creators: name: Bobulescu, Roxana
name: Laudet, Marc
Publisher: name: GISI - UniTO
Year: 2019

description: Les travaux d’Amartya Sen repose sur une conception anthropologique de l’homme dans laquelle les potentialités d’actions lui sont inhérentes, mais non pas acquises. C’est la formation sociale dans laquelle l’homme vit qui, selon les circonstances, lui rend un fonctionnement possible, ou impossible. Les travaux de Sen se développent à partir du concept de « capabilité », ce qui ne suppose pas que ce concept soit intégralement déterminé. Michel Verdon, aujourd’hui à la retraite, est un anthropologue (étude de l’homme), Professeur à la Faculté des Arts et des Sciences de l’Université de Montréal. En 1996, il écrivait Keynes and the ‘Classics’: a study in language, epistemology and mistaken identities, dans lequel il cherche à mettre à jour les conséquences épistémologiques, quant au discours économique, de ce qu’il appelle les fondements cosmologiques et anthropologiques des pensées néo-classiques et de John Maynard Keynes. À l’heure où les pratiques économiques conduisent les sociétés à rencontrer bien des difficultés sociales et/ou politiques, une telle discussion demeure d’une brulante actualité, quand bien même cette discussion a plus de 20 ans. C’est la raison de ce « compte rendu » d’un livre paru il y a longtemps, qui est une invitation à lire et relire l’ouvrage de Michel Verdon.
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, Vol 8, No 15 (2019)
Historical Document Image Segmentation with LDA-Initialized Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Alberti, Michele
name: Seuret, Mathias
name: Pondenkandath, Vinaychandran
name: Ingold, Rolf
name: Liwicki, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a novel approach to perform deep neural networks layer-wise weight initialization using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). Typically, the weights of a deep neural network are initialized with: random values, greedy layer-wise pre-training (usually as Deep Belief Network or as auto-encoder) or by re-using the layers from another network (transfer learning). Hence, many training epochs are needed before meaningful weights are learned, or a rather similar dataset is required for seeding a fine-tuning of transfer learning. In this paper, we describe how to turn an LDA into either a neural layer or a classification layer. We analyze the initialization technique on historical documents. First, we show that an LDA-based initialization is quick and leads to a very stable initialization. Furthermore, for the task of layout analysis at pixel level, we investigate the effectiveness of LDA-based initialization and show that it outperforms state-of-the-art random weight initialization methods.
description: 5 pages
Annotations on letter B moving from Petrucci’s article
Creators: name: Marichal, Robert
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2015

description: vue 37
description: Observations on A. PETRUCCI, Per la storia della scrittura romana: i graffiti di Condatomagos, "Bullettino dell'archivio paleografico italiano", III serie , 1 (1962), 85-132.
description: Source: 4MAR_1_1.3.1-3-1
description: created: n. d.
Leggett-Garg Macrorealism and temporal correlations
Creators: name: Vitagliano, Giuseppe
name: Budroni, Costantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leggett and Garg formulated macrorealist models encoding our intuition on classical systems, i.e., physical quantities have a definite value that can be measured with minimal disturbance, and with the goal of testing macroscopic quantum coherence effects. The associated inequalities, involving the statistics of sequential measurements on the system, are violated by quantum mechanical predictions and experimental observations. Such tests, however, are subject to loopholes: a classical explanation can be recovered assuming specific models of measurement disturbance. We review recent theoretical and experimental progress in characterizing macrorealist and quantum temporal correlations, and in closing loopholes associated with Leggett-Garg tests. Finally, we review recent definitions of nonclassical temporal correlations, which go beyond macrorealist models by relaxing the assumption on the measurement disturbance, and their applications in sequential quantum information processing.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures. Final version