cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Strong Gravitational Lens Finding Challenge
Creators: name: Metcalf, R. Benton
name: Meneghetti, M.
name: Avestruz, Camille
name: Bellagamba, Fabio
name: Bom, Clécio R.
name: Bertin, Emmanuel
name: Cabanac, Rémi
name: Courbin, F.
name: Davies, Andrew
name: Decencière, Etienne
name: Flamary, Rémi
name: Gavazzi, Raphael
name: Geiger, Mario
name: Hartley, Philippa
name: Huertas-Company, Marc
name: Jackson, Neal
name: Jullo, Eric
name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
name: Koopmans, Léon V. E.
name: Lanusse, François
name: Li, Chun-Liang
name: Ma, Quanbin
name: Makler, Martin
name: Li, Nan
name: Lightman, Matthew
name: Petrillo, Carlo Enrico
name: Serjeant, Stephen
name: Schäfer, Christoph
name: Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
name: Tagore, Amit
name: Tortora, Crescenzo
name: Tuccillo, Diego
name: Valentín, Manuel B.
name: Velasco-Forero, Santiago
name: Kleijn, Gijs A. Verdoes
name: Vernardos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large scale imaging surveys will increase the number of galaxy-scale strong lensing candidates by maybe three orders of magnitudes beyond the number known today. Finding these rare objects will require picking them out of at least tens of millions of images and deriving scientific results from them will require quantifying the efficiency and bias of any search method. To achieve these objectives automated methods must be developed. Because gravitational lenses are rare objects reducing false positives will be particularly important. We present a description and results of an open gravitational lens finding challenge. Participants were asked to classify 100,000 candidate objects as to whether they were gravitational lenses or not with the goal of developing better automated methods for finding lenses in large data sets. A variety of methods were used including visual inspection, arc and ring finders, support vector machines (SVM) and convolutional neural networks (CNN). We find that many of the methods will be easily fast enough to analyse the anticipated data flow. In test data, several methods are able to identify upwards of half the lenses after applying some thresholds on the lens characteristics such as lensed image brightness, size or contrast with the lens galaxy without making a single false-positive identification. This is significantly better than direct inspection by humans was able to do. (abridged)
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables, accepted version for A&A
The role of the Weibel instability at the reconnection jet front in relativistic pair plasma reconnection
Creators: name: Zenitani, S.
name: Hesse, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of the Weibel instability is investigated for the first time in the context of the large-scale magnetic reconnection problem. A late-time evolution of magnetic reconnection in relativistic pair plasmas is demonstrated by particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. In the outflow regions, powerful reconnection jet piles up the magnetic fields and then a tangential discontinuity appears there. Further downstream, it is found that the two-dimensional extension of the relativistic Weibel instability generates electro-magnetic fields, which are comparable to the anti-parallel or piled-up fields. In a microscopic viewpoint, the instability allows plasma's multiple interactions with the discontinuity. In a macroscopic viewpoint, the instability leads to rapid expansion of the current sheet and then the reconnection jet front further propagates into the downstream. Possible application to the three-dimensional case is briefly discussed.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures; References and typos are fixed
A Linear Programming Framework for Logics of Uncertainty
Creators: name: K. A. Andersen
name: Hooker, John N.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Several logics for reasoning under uncertainty distribute “probability mass” over sets in some sense. These include probabilistic logic, Dempster-Shafer theory, other logics based on belief functions, and second-order probabilistic logic. We show that these logics are instances of a certain type of linear programming model, typically with exponentially many variables. We also show how a single linear programming package can implement these logics computationally if one “plugs in” a different column generation subroutine for each logic, although the practicality of this approach has been demonstrated so far only for probabilistic logic.
Using $K^0π^-\toπ^-$ transitions to compute $K\to(ππ)_{I=0}$ decay amplitudes at NLO in the chiral expansion
Creators: name: Kim, Changhoan
name: Sachrajda, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proposed to compute matrix elements for the (unphysical) $K^0π^-\to π^-$ transition to determine the next-to-leading order low energy constants of the weak chiral Lagrangian. This allows us to evaluate $K\to(ππ)_{I=0}$ decay amplitudes at this level of precision. This approach has several significant advantages over the use of $K\toππ$ transitions, most notably the elimination of s-channel disconnected diagrams and the use of fewer inversions.
description: Lattice 2007, Regensburg
Light Gluinos at LEP
Creators: name: Cuypers, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production and decay of \lgl s in \ep\ collisions. We suggest a signature which suffers little from backgrounds and argue that the \lgl\ window can already be closed with the existing LEP data, provided the gluino lifetime is such that it decays within the detectors.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, postscript file with figures available via anonymous ftp from 129.187.198.1 in /preprints/mpi9369.ps , MPI-Ph/93-69
The Fast Read-out System for the MAPMTs of COMPASS RICH-1
Creators: name: Schill, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fast readout system for the upgrade of the COMPASS RICH detector has been developed and successfully used for data taking in 2006 and 2007. The new readout system for the multi-anode PMTs in the central part of the photon detector of the RICH is based on the high-sensitivity MAD4 preamplifier-discriminator and the dead-time free F1-TDC chip characterized by high-resolution. The readout electronics has been designed taking into account the high photon flux in the central part of the detector and the requirement to run at high trigger rates of up to 100 kHz with negligible dead-time. The system is designed as a very compact setup and is mounted directly behind the multi-anode photomultipliers. The data are digitized on the frontend boards and transferred via optical links to the readout system. The read-out electronics system is described in detail together with its measured performances.
description: Proceeding of RICH2007 Conference, Trieste, Oct. 2007. v2: minor changes
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 4 (235)]
Creators: name: Hugolinus De Sancto Marco
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1349
Subjects: subject: Bischofsurkunde
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Hugolinus de Sancto Marco, Bischof von Cremona und Comes, setzt Zaninus de Petaciis aus Parma als Leiter der domus de Zippo, der Bauhütte der Kathedrale von Cremona, ein. Es folgt ein weiterer Rechtsakt, in dem der Presbyter Johannolus de Remedio den Zaninus de Petaciis in sein Amt einführt.
A 15-vertex triangulation of the quaternionic projective plane
Creators: name: Gorodkov, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1992, Brehm and Kühnel constructed a 8-dimensional simplicial complex $M^8_{15}$ with 15 vertices as a candidate to be a minimal triangulation of the quaternionic projective plane. They managed to prove that it is a manifold "like a projective plane" in the sense of Eells and Kuiper. However, it was not known until now if this complex is PL homeomorphic (or at least homeomorphic) to $\mathbb{H}P^2$. This problem was reduced to the computation of the first rational Pontryagin class of this combinatorial manifold. Realizing an algorithm due to Gaifullin, we compute the first Pontryagin class of $M^8_{15}$. As a result, we obtain that it is indeed a minimal triangulation of $\mathbb{H}P^2$.
description: 20 pages, 17 PostScript figures, text of program and raw data for the computation is included (see ancillary files)
The equation of state with nonzero chemical potential for 2+1 flavors
Creators: name: Bernard, C.
name: Burch, T.
name: DeTar, C.
name: Levkova, L.
name: Gottlieb, Steven
name: Heller, U. M.
name: Hetrick, J. E.
name: Sugar, R.
name: Toussaint, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the QCD equation of state with nonzero chemical potential using the Taylor expansion method with terms up to sixth order in the expansion. Our calculations are performed on asqtad 2+1 quark flavor lattices at $N_t=4$.
description: Talk given at the XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 30-4 August 2007, Regensburg, Germany
Rough differential equations containing path-dependent bounded variation terms
Creators: name: Aida, Shigeki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 60H20, 60H35, 34F05

description: We consider rough differential equations whose coefficients contain path-dependent bounded variation terms and prove the existence and a priori estimate of solutions. These equations include classical path-dependent SDEs containing running maximum processes and normal reflection terms. We apply these results to determine the topological support of the solution processes.
description: This version is accepted for publication in Journal of Theoretical Probability. In this version, we add new subjects related with perturbed reflected RDE. Also we rewrite many parts
Measurements of Higgs boson properties in the diphoton decay channel in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of Higgs boson properties in the H $\toγγ$ decay channel are reported. The analysis is based on data collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV during the 2016 LHC running period, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.6 fb$^{-1}$. Allowing the Higgs mass to float, the measurement yields a signal strength relative to the standard model prediction of 1.18 $^{+0.17}_{-0.14} =$ 1.18 $^{+0.12}_{-0.11}$ (stat) $^{+0.09}_{-0.07}$ (syst) $^{+0.07}_{-0.06}$ (theo), which is largely insensitive to the exact Higgs mass around 125 GeV. Signal strengths associated with the different Higgs boson production mechanisms, couplings to bosons and fermions, and effective couplings to photons and gluons are also measured.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-16-040 (CMS Public Pages)
Oscillator-Morse-Coulomb mappings and algebras for constant or position-dependent mass
Creators: name: Quesne, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The bound-state solutions and the su(1,1) description of the $d$-dimensional radial harmonic oscillator, the Morse and the $D$-dimensional radial Coulomb Schrödinger equations are reviewed in a unified way using the point canonical transformation method. It is established that the spectrum generating su(1,1) algebra for the first problem is converted into a potential algebra for the remaining two. This analysis is then extended to Schrödinger equations containing some position-dependent mass. The deformed su(1,1) construction recently achieved for a $d$-dimensional radial harmonic oscillator is easily extended to the Morse and Coulomb potentials. In the last two cases, the equivalence between the resulting deformed su(1,1) potential algebra approach and a previous deformed shape invariance one generalizes to a position-dependent mass background a well-known relationship in the context of constant mass.
description: 24 pages, no figure, small change in introduction, one more reference, published version
A formula for the coincidence Reidemeister trace of selfmaps on bouquets of circles
Creators: name: Staecker, P. Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54H25, 55M20

description: We give a formula for the coincidence Reidemeister trace of selfmaps on bouquets of circles in terms of the Fox calculus. Our formula reduces the problem of computing the coincidence Reidemeister trace to the problem of distinguishing doubly twisted conjugacy classes in free groups.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
title: ADCO, Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491) (11 H 1179), f. 00274
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1179). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1179), f. 00274, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Effect of polarization forces on atom deposition on a non-spherical nanoparticle. Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Nemchinsky, Valerian
name: Khrabry, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trajectories of a polarizable species (atoms or molecules) in the vicinity of a negatively charged nanoparticle (at a floating potential) are considered. The atoms are pulled into regions of strong electric field by polarization forces. The polarization increases the deposition rate of the atoms and molecules at the nanoparticle. The effect of non-spherical shape of the nanoparticle is investigated by the Monte Carlo method. The shape of the non-spherical nanoparticle is approximated by an ellipsoid. Total deposition rate and its flux density distribution along the nanoparticle surface are calculated. It is shown that the flux density is not uniform along the surface. It is maximal at the nanoparticle tips.
The lost proof of Fermat's last theorem
Creators: name: Ossicini, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D41 (primary), 11G05 (secondary)

description: This work contains two papers: the first published in 2022 and entitled "On the nature of some Euler's double equations equivalent to Fermat's last theorem" provides a marvellous proof through the so-called discordant forms of appropriate Euler's double equations, which could have entered in a not very narrow margin and the second instead published in 2024 and entitled "Some Diophantus-Fermat double equations equivalent to Frey's elliptic curve" provides the possible proof, which Fermat has not published in detail, but which uses the characteristic of all right-angled triangles with sides equal to whole numbers, or the famous Pythagorean identity. Some explanations in session(III) are provided: the first makes evident the nature of the "proof a' la Fermat" and the subsequent sessions clarify the direct and interesting connection of the two elementary proofs and it is necessary if you want to understand how two different elementary proofs of Fermat's Last Theorem are possible. It must be observed that those proofs must in no way be interpreted as a sort of absurd revenge of elementary number theory over more modern analytic and algebraic treatments.The author himself has added a section in which he connects his concepts with some of those used by Wiles in his complex demonstration.This implies that, to a certain extent, Wiles' demonstration inspired the author of those works. Ultimately in this paper we will illustrate how only thanks to some of Euler's discoveries was it possible to shed light on the so-called too narrow margin never written by Fermat. For this reason we will also provide some details on an article that was the real inspiration for achieving these results (see Last Conclusions).
description: 39 pages cum laude, 4 figure- This extraordinary gold version is definitive !!! arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1604.03753
Universal Behavior of Two-Dimensional 3He at Low Temperatures
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
name: Msezane, A. Z.
name: Popov, K. G.
name: Stephanovich, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the example of two-dimensional (2D) 3He we demonstrate that the main universal features of its experimental temperature T - density x phase diagram [see M. Neumann, J. Nyéki, J. Saunders, Science 317, 1356 (2007)] look like those in the heavy-fermion metals. Our comprehensive theoretical analysis of experimental situation in 2D 3He allows us to propose a simple expression for effective mass M^*(T,x), describing all diverse experimental facts in 2D 3He in unified manner and demonstrating that the universal behavior of M^*(T,x) coincides with that observed in HF metals.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
A Life-Cycle Model of an Automobile
Creators: name: Maclean, Heather
name: Lave, Lester B
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1969
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The environmental and energy implications of a midsized automobile were assessed by performing a life-cycle inventory analysis that emphasized manufacture and use phases. An Economic Input-Output Life-Cycle Analysis model was used that produces a large array of indicators of the effects of a product or service on the economy and the environment. The analysis corroborates two previous studies that used the conventional life-cycle analysis model developed by the Society for Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) (1, 2) and EPA (3). The use phase is more important than the manufacture and disposal phases in terms of energy use and environmental discharges. Automobile service is comparable to the fuel cycle in terms of discharges of toxic substances. In contrast to a Volkswagen study, tailpipe exhaust and evaporative emissions of hydrocarbons (HC)/volatile organic compounds (VOCs), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter are greater than emissions upstream in the fuel cycle. This difference apparently arises from using on-road tailpipe emissions data, rather than emissions data from laboratory tests. The Economic Input-Output model is found useful for quantifying the range of implications of decisions concerning manufacture and use.
On Natural Deduction for Herbrand Constructive Logics III: The Strange Case of the Intuitionistic Logic of Constant Domains
Creators: name: Aschieri, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The logic of constant domains is intuitionistic logic extended with the so-called forall-shift axiom, a classically valid statement which implies the excluded middle over decidable formulas. Surprisingly, this logic is constructive and so far this has been proved by cut-elimination for ad-hoc sequent calculi. Here we use the methods of natural deduction and Curry-Howard correspondence to provide a simple computational interpretation of the logic.
description: In Proceedings CL&C 2018, arXiv:1810.05392
Threshold Pion Electroproduction in Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Bernard, V.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Lee, T. -S. H.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electroproduction of pions on the nucleon near the threshold is analyzed within the framework of baryon chiral perturbation theory. We give a thorough discussion of the low--energy theorems related to charged and neutral electropionproduction. It is shown how the axial radius of the nucleon can be related to the S--wave multipoles $E_{0+}^{(-)}$ and $L_{0+}^{(-)}$. The chiral perturbation theory calculations of the $γ^\star p \to π^0 p$ reaction are found to be in good agreement with the recent near threshold data. We also discuss the influence of some isospin--breaking effects in this channel. For future experimental tests of the underlying chiral dynamics, extensive predictions of differential cross sections and multipole amplitudes are presented.
description: 44pp, TeX, 15 figures available upon request, BUTP-93/23 and CRN 93-45
Chiral anomaly as origin of planar Hall effect in Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Nandy, S.
name: Sharma, Gargee
name: Taraphder, A.
name: Tewari, Sumanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In condensed matter physics, the term "chiral anomaly" implies the violation of the separate number conservation laws of Weyl fermions of different chiralities in the presence of parallel electric and magnetic fields. One effect of chiral anomaly in the recently discovered Dirac and Weyl semimetals is a positive longitudinal magnetoconductance (LMC). Here we show that chiral anomaly and non-trivial Berry curvature effects engender another striking effect in WSMs, the planar Hall effect (PHE). Remarkably, PHE manifests itself when the applied current, magnetic field, and the induced transverse "Hall" voltage all lie in the same plane, precisely in a configuration in which the conventional Hall effect vanishes. In this work we treat PHE quasi-classically, and predict specific experimental signatures for type-I and type-II Weyl semimetals that can be directly checked in experiments.
description: 4+ pages; Version accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett
Symplectic involutions of $K3^{[n]}$ type and Kummer $n$ type manifolds
Creators: name: Kamenova, Ljudmila
name: Mongardi, Giovanni
name: Oblomkov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J50, 53C26, 16G20

description: In this paper we describe the fixed locus of a symplectic involution on a hyperkähler manifold of type $K3^{[n]}$ or of Kummer $n$ type. We prove that the fixed locus consists of finitely many copies of Hilbert schemes of $K3$ surfaces of lower dimensions and isolated fixed points.
description: 13 pages; Final version
Unconventional interaction between vortices in a polarized Fermi gas
Creators: name: Stojanovic, Vladimir M.
name: Liu, W. Vincent
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a homogeneous superfluid state with a single gapless Fermi surface was predicted to be the ground state of an ultracold Fermi gas with spin population imbalance in the regime of molecular Bose-Einstein condensation. We study vortices in this novel state using a symmetry-based effective field theory, which captures the low-energy physics of gapless fermions and superfluid phase fluctuations. This theory is applicable to all spin-imbalanced ultracold Fermi gases in the superfluid regime, regardless of whether the original fermion pairing interaction is weak or strong. We find a remarkable, unconventional form of the interaction between vortices. The presence of gapless fermions gives rise to a spatially oscillating potential, akin to the RKKY indirect-exchange interaction in non-magnetic metals. We compare the parameters of the effective theory to the experimentally measurable quantities and further discuss the conditions for the verification of the predicted new feature. Our study opens up an interesting question as to the nature of the vortex lattice resulting from the competition between the usual repulsive logarithmic (2D Coulomb) and predominantly attractive fermion-induced interactions.
description: 47 pages, 9 figures, accepted by Annals of Physics. See arXiv:cond-mat/0611295 for short version
Structure evolution of hcp/ccp metal oxide interfaces in solid-state reactions
Creators: name: Li, C.
name: Habler, G.
name: Griffiths, T.
name: Rečnik, A.
name: Jeřábek, P.
name: Götze, L. C.
name: Mangler, C.
name: Pennycook, T. J.
name: Meyer, J.
name: Abart, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of crystalline interfaces plays an important role in solid-state reactions. The Al2O3/MgAl2O4/MgO system provides an ideal model system for investigating the mechanisms underlying the migration of interfaces during interface reaction. MgAl2O4 layers have been grown between Al2O3 and MgO, and the atomic structure of Al2O3/MgAl2O4 interfaces at different growth stages was characterized using aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. The oxygen sublattice transforms from hexagonal close-packed (hcp) stacking in Al2O3 to cubic close-packed (ccp) stacking in MgAl2O4. Partial dislocations associated with steps are observed at the interface. At the reaction-controlled early growth stages, such partial dislocations coexist with the edge dislocations. However, at the diffusion-controlled late growth stages, such partial dislocations are dominant. The observed structures indicate that progression of the Al2O3/MgAl2O4 interface into Al2O3 is accomplished by the glide of partial dislocations accompanied by the exchange of Al3+ and Mg2+ cations. The interface migration may be envisaged as a plane-by-plane zipper-like motion, which repeats along the interface facilitating its propagation. MgAl2O4 grains can adopt two crystallographic orientations with a twinning orientation relationship, and grow by dislocations gliding in opposite directions. Where the oppositely propagating partial dislocations and interface steps meet, interlinked twin boundaries and incoherent Σ3 grain boundaries form. The newly grown MgAl2O4 grains compete with each other, leading to a growth-selection and successive coarsening of the MgAl2O4 grains. This understanding could help to interpret the interface reaction or phase transformation of a wide range of materials that exhibit a similar hcp/ccp transition.
Sumário de Touros e Fêmeas - Janeiro de 2024
Creators: name: Stefani, Gabriela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Diante da crescente necessidade de aumentar a produtividade dos rebanhos brasileiros, a ABCB, em parceria com a Dra. Gabriela Stefani, disponibilizou aos criadores o Programa de Avaliação Genética de Búfalos. O Programa, lançado e consolidado em março de 2022, tem como principal objetivo oferecer aos produtores as ferramentas necessárias para conhecer o potencial genético de seus animais e auxiliar nos processos de seleção. Nesse sentido, é com satisfação que apresentamos o Sumário de Touros e Fêmeas, visando a identificação e seleção de animais geneticamente superiores e consequente aumento na produtividade da bubalinocultura nacional.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 4 (214)]
Creators: name: , Ugo
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1346
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Ugo, Prior des Cluniazenserklosters St. Marci in Lodi, überträgt dem Thomaxius de Cernobio, Mönch dieses Klosters, eine Mönchszelle und die Kirche St. Stefani de Castelleto auf dem Gebiet von Maturo in der Diözese und dem Distrikt von Lodi.
Subleading contributions to the chiral three-nucleon force I: long-range terms
Creators: name: Bernard, V.
name: Epelbaum, E.
name: Krebs, H.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the long-range contributions to the tree-nucleon force at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion. We give both momentum and coordinate space representations.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Thermopower in an anisotropic two-dimensional Weyl semimetal
Creators: name: Mandal, Ipsita
name: Saha, Kush
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the generation of an electric current from a temperature gradient in a two-dimensional Weyl semimetal with anisotropy, in both the presence and absence of a quantizing magnetic field. We show that the anisotropy leads to doping dependences of thermopower and thermal conductivities which are different from those in isotropic Dirac materials. Additionally, we find that a quantizing magnetic field in such systems leads to an interesting magnetic field dependence of the longitudinal thermopower, resulting in unsaturated thermoelectric coefficients. Thus the results presented here will serve as a guide to achieving high thermopower and a thermoelectric figure-of-merit in graphene-based materials, as well as organic conductors such as $α$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$I$_3$.
description: typos fixed
Spontaneous symmetry breaking of (1+1)-dimensional $ϕ^4$ theory in light-front field theory (II)
Creators: name: Pinsky, Stephan
name: van de Sande, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss spontaneous symmetry breaking of (1+1)-dimensional $ϕ^4$ theory in light-front field theory using a Tamm-Dancoff truncation. We show that, even though light-front field theory has a simple vacuum state which is an eigenstate of the full Hamiltonian, the field can develop a nonzero vacuum expectation value. This occurs because the zero mode of the field must satisfy an operator valued constraint equation. In the context of (1+1)-dimensional $ϕ^4$ theory we present solutions to the constraint equation using a Tamm-Dancoff truncation to a finite number of particles and modes. We study the behavior of the zero mode as a function of coupling and Fock space truncation. The zero mode introduces new interactions into the Hamiltonian which breaks the $Z_2$ symmetry of the theory when the coupling is stronger than the critical coupling.
description: 25 pages
The suppressed radiative recombination rate in a quantum photocell with three electron donors
Creators: name: Chen, Jing-Yi
name: Zhao, Shun-Cai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiative recombination of electron-hole pairs represents a great challenge to the photon-to-charge efficiency in the photocell. In this paper, we investigate how to suppress radiative recombination rate (RRR) in a proposed quantum photocell with three dipole-dipole coupled and uncoupled electron donors. The results showed that the RRR could be suppressed in this photocell with three uncoupled electron donors but be enhanced with three dipole-dipole coupled electron donors by the ambient circumstance temperatures, and the increasing energy gap in the donors, the decreasing gap between the donors and acceptor inhabited the RRR with three dipole-dipole both coupled and uncoupled electron donors. When the photocell was manipulated by the electrostatic dipole-dipole coupling strength J at room temperature, the RRR was suppressed to a smaller minimum by the gap between the donors and acceptor than those by different gaps in the donors. These suppressed strategies for RRR point out some significant ways to increase the photon-to-charge efficiency and deserve the further experimental verification.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
A Life-Cycle Comparison of Alternative Automobile Fuels
Creators: name: Maclean, Heather
name: Lave, Lester B
name: Lankey, Rebecca
name: Joshi, Satish
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We examine the life cycles of gasoline, diesel, compressed natural gas (CNG), and ethanol (C2H5OH)-fueled internal combustion engine (ICE) automobiles. Port and direct injection and spark and compression ignition engines are examined. We investigate diesel fuel from both petroleum and biosources as well as C2H5OH from corn, herbaceous bio-mass, and woody biomass. The baseline vehicle is a gasoline-fueled 1998 Ford Taurus. We optimize the other fuel/powertrain combinations for each specific fuel as a part of making the vehicles comparable to the baseline in terms of range, emissions level, and vehicle lifetime. Life-cycle calculations are done using the economic input-output life-cycle analysis (EIO-LCA) software; fuel cycles and vehicle end-of-life stages are based on published model results. We find that recent advances in gasoline vehicles, the low petroleum price, and the extensive gasoline infrastructure make it difficult for any alternative fuel to become commercially viable. The most attractive alternative fuel is compressed natural gas because it is less expensive than gasoline, has lower regulated pollutant and toxics emissions, produces less greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and is available in North America in large quantities. However, the bulk and weight of gas storage cylinders required for the vehicle to attain a range comparable to that of gasoline vehicles necessitates a redesign of the engine and chassis. Additional natural gas transportation and distribution infrastructure is required for large-scale use of natural gas for transportation. Diesel engines are extremely attractive in terms of energy efficiency, but expert judgment is divided on whether these engines will be able to meet strict emissions standards, even with reformulated fuel. The attractiveness of direct injection engines depends on their being able to meet strict emissions standards without losing their greater efficiency. Biofuels offer lower GHG emissions, are sustainable, and reduce the demand for imported fuels. Fuels from food sources, such as biodiesel from soybeans and C2H5OH from corn, can be attractive only if the co-products are in high demand and if the fuel production does not diminish the food supply. C2H5OH from herbaceous or woody biomass could replace the gasoline burned in the light-duty fleet while supplying electricity as a co-product. While it costs more than gasoline, bioethanol would be attractive if the price of gasoline doubled, if significant reductions in GHG emissions were required, or if fuel economy regulations for gasoline vehicles were tightened.
Computations involving symbolic powers
Creators: name: Drabkin, Ben
name: Grifo, Eloísa
name: Seceleanu, Alexandra
name: Stone, Branden
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Symbolic powers are a classical commutative algebra topic that relates to primary decomposition, consisting, in some circumstances, of the functions that vanish up to a certain order on a given variety. However, these are notoriously difficult to compute, and there are seemingly simple questions related to symbolic powers that remain open even over polynomial rings. In this paper, we describe a Macaulay2 software package that allows for computations of symbolic powers of ideals and which can be used to study the equality and containment problems, among others.
Reachability in Infinite Dimensional Unital Open Quantum Systems with Switchable GKS-Lindblad Generators
Creators: name: Ende, Frederik vom
name: Dirr, Gunther
name: Keyl, Michael
name: Schulte-Herbrüggen, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In quantum systems theory one of the fundamental problems boils down to: given an initial state, which final states can be reached by the dynamic system in question. Here we consider infinite dimensional open quantum dynamical systems following a unital Kossakowski-Lindblad master equation extended by controls. More precisely, their time evolution shall be governed by an inevitable potentially unbounded Hamiltonian drift term $H_0$, finitely many bounded control Hamiltonians $H_j$ allowing for (at least) piecewise constant control amplitudes $u_j(t)\in{\mathbb R}$ plus a bang-bang (i.e. on-off) switchable noise term $\mathbfΓ_V$ in Kossakowski-Lindblad form. Generalizing standard majorization results from finite to infinite dimensions, we show that such bilinear quantum control systems allow to approximately reach any target state majorized by the initial one, as up to now only has been known in finite dimensional analogues.---The proof of the result is currently limited to the control Hamiltonians $ H_j$ being bounded and noise terms $\mathbfΓ_V$ with compact normal $V$.
description: 29 pages
Asymptotic behaviour of neuron population models structured by elapsed-time
Creators: name: Cañizo, José A.
name: Yoldaş, Havva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35F15, 35B10, 92B20

description: We study two population models describing the dynamics of interacting neurons, initially proposed by Pakdaman, Perthame, and Salort (2010, 2014). In the first model, the structuring variable $s$ represents the time elapsed since its last discharge, while in the second one neurons exhibit a fatigue property and the structuring variable is a generic "state". We prove existence of solutions and steady states in the space of finite, nonnegative measures. Furthermore, we show that solutions converge to the equilibrium exponentially in time in the case of weak nonlinearity (i.e., weak connectivity). The main innovation is the use of Doeblin's theorem from probability in order to show the existence of a spectral gap property in the linear (no-connectivity) setting. Relaxation to the steady state for the nonlinear models is then proved by a constructive perturbation argument.
An analysis of the abstracts presented at the annual meetings of the Society for Neuroscience from 2001 to 2006
Creators: name: Lin, J. M.
name: Bohland, J. W.
name: Andrews, P.
name: Burns, G.
name: Allen, C. B.
name: Mitra, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We extracted and processed abstract data from the SFN annual meeting abstracts during the period 2001-2006, using techniques and software from natural language processing, database management, and data visualization and analysis. An important first step in the process was the application of data cleaning and disambiguation methods to construct a unified database, since the data were too noisy to be of full utility in the raw form initially available. The resulting co-author graph in 2006, for example, had 39,645 nodes (with an estimated 6% error rate in our disambiguation of similar author names) and 13,979 abstracts, with an average of 1.5 abstracts per author, 4.3 authors per abstract, and 5.96 collaborators per author (including all authors on shared abstracts). Recent work in related areas has focused on reputational indices such as highly cited papers or scientists and journal impact factors, and to a lesser extent on creating visual maps of the knowledge space. In contrast, there has been relatively less work on the demographics and community structure, the dynamics of the field over time to examine major research trends and the structure of the sources of research funding. In this paper we examined each of these areas in order to gain an objective overview of contemporary neuroscience. Some interesting findings include a high geographical concentration of neuroscience research in north eastern United States, a surprisingly large transient population (60% of the authors appear in only one out of the six studied years), the central role played by the study of neurodegenerative disorders in the neuroscience community structure, and an apparent growth of behavioral/systems neuroscience with a corresponding shrinkage of cellular/molecular neuroscience over the six year period.
Quantum Image Processing and Its Application to Edge Detection: Theory and Experiment
Creators: name: Yao, Xi-Wei
name: Wang, Hengyan
name: Liao, Zeyang
name: Chen, Ming-Cheng
name: Pan, Jian
name: Li, Jun
name: Zhang, Kechao
name: Lin, Xingcheng
name: Wang, Zhehui
name: Luo, Zhihuang
name: Zheng, Wenqiang
name: Li, Jianzhong
name: Zhao, Meisheng
name: Peng, Xinhua
name: Suter, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Processing of digital images is continuously gaining in volume and relevance, with concomitant demands on data storage, transmission and processing power. Encoding the image information in quantum-mechanical systems instead of classical ones and replacing classical with quantum information processing may alleviate some of these challenges. By encoding and processing the image information in quantum-mechanical systems, we here demonstrate the framework of quantum image processing, where a pure quantum state encodes the image information: we encode the pixel values in the probability amplitudes and the pixel positions in the computational basis states. Our quantum image representation reduces the required number of qubits compared to existing implementations, and we present image processing algorithms that provide exponential speed-up over their classical counterparts. For the commonly used task of detecting the edge of an image, we propose and implement a quantum algorithm that completes the task with only one single-qubit operation, independent of the size of the image. This demonstrates the potential of quantum image processing for highly efficient image and video processing in the big data era.
description: 13 pages, including 9 figures and 5 appendixes
Fritzsch Texture in SUSY-SO(10) with Large Neutrino Mixing
Creators: name: Achiman, Yoav
name: Greiner, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fritzsch's texture is imposed on {\em all} mass matrices in a SUSY-SO(10) via a family $U(1)_{PQ}$ symmetry. The observed charged fermion parameters fix the $ν$-masses and mixing, while the later are evolved from the GUT scale to low energies using the RG. Large $\sin^2 2θ_{12}$ results. As in a SUSY-GUT no intermediate scale is allowed, the RH-neutrino scale is the unification one and this gives in our model $Δm_{12}^2 \approx {10}^{-10} eV^2$, in accordance with the vacuum oscillation solution to the solar-$ν$ puzzle.
description: 10 pages (standard LaTeX, 3 figures included as postscript files), WU B 93-15
Hydra: an Ensemble of Convolutional Neural Networks for Geospatial Land Classification
Creators: name: Minetto, Rodrigo
name: Segundo, Mauricio Pamplona
name: Sarkar, Sudeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe in this paper Hydra, an ensemble of convolutional neural networks (CNN) for geospatial land classification. The idea behind Hydra is to create an initial CNN that is coarsely optimized but provides a good starting pointing for further optimization, which will serve as the Hydra's body. Then, the obtained weights are fine-tuned multiple times with different augmentation techniques, crop styles, and classes weights to form an ensemble of CNNs that represent the Hydra's heads. By doing so, we prompt convergence to different endpoints, which is a desirable aspect for ensembles. With this framework, we were able to reduce the training time while maintaining the classification performance of the ensemble. We created ensembles for our experiments using two state-of-the-art CNN architectures, ResNet and DenseNet. We have demonstrated the application of our Hydra framework in two datasets, FMOW and NWPU-RESISC45, achieving results comparable to the state-of-the-art for the former and the best reported performance so far for the latter. Code and CNN models are available at https://github.com/maups/hydra-fmow
description: 12 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables
A Life Cycle Comparison of Alternative Transportation Fuels
Creators: name: Joshi, Satish
name: Lave, Lester B.
name: Maclean, Heather
name: Lankey, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The paper analyzes energy use and emissions per GJ of various fuels delivered to the vehicle fuel tank, covering extraction, fuel production, transportation, storage, and distribution phases of the life cycle of alternative fuels. Drawing on a number of existing studies, the modeling issues and approaches, main results and insights are summarized. The range of estimates in various studies is large; however, common patterns can be observed. The analysis indicates, that conventional gasoline fuel cycle has robust advantages with respect to energy efficiency, conventional pollutant emissions, and most importantly, existing infrastructure compared to alternative fuels. Fossil fuel based alternatives like CNG, NG-Methanol, NG-FTL do not result in significant improvement in fuel cycle environmental performance. Biofuels offer the benefits of lower and even negative GHG emissions, sustainability, and domestic fuel production. The herbaceous and woody biomass-based ethanol options are more attractive than producing ethanol and biodiesel from food products.