cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Planetary nebulae with emission-line central stars
Creators: name: Gesicki, K.
name: Zijlstra, A. A.
name: Acker, A.
name: Gorny, S. K.
name: Gozdziewski, K.
name: Walsh, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinematic structure of a sample of planetary nebulae, consisting of 23 [WR] central stars, 21 weak emission line stars (wels) and 57 non-emission line central stars, is studied. The [WR] stars are shown to be surrounded by turbulent nebulae, a characteristic shared by some wels but almost completely absent from the non-emission line stars. The fraction of objects showing turbulence for non-emission-line stars, wels and [WR] stars is 7%, 24% and 91%, respectively. The [WR] stars show a distinct IRAS 12-micron excess, indicative of small dust grains, which is not found for wels. The [WR]-star nebulae are on average more centrally condensed than those of other stars. On the age-temperature diagram, the wels are located on tracks of both high and low stellar mass, while [WR] stars trace a narrow range of intermediate masses. Emission-line stars are not found on the cooling track. One group of wels may form a sequence wels--[WO] stars with increasing temperature. For the other groups both the wels and the [WR] stars appear to represent several, independent evolutionary tracks. We find a discontinuity in the [WR] stellar temperature distribution and suggest different evolutionary sequences above and below the temperature gap. One group of cool [WR] stars has no counterpart among any other group of PNe and may represent binary evolution. A prime factor distinguishing wels and [WR] stars appears to be stellar luminosity. We find no evidence for an increase of nebular expansion velocity with time.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted to A&A
On the auditory adaption aftereffects
Creators: name: Dong, Charles Chang-Jiang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, selective adaptation experiments are presented which investigate motion detection and signal processing in the human auditory system. The existence of a motion aftereffect is often regarded as evidence for the existence of specialized motion sensitive mechanisms in a modality. Using real moving sounds as both the adapting and test stimuli, a robust and reliable simple auditory motion aftereffect (aMAE) was observed in all of seven subjects tested. After listening to a sound source moving repeatedly in one direction (right or left), a stationary sound source was perceived to move in the opposite direction. The size of the aMAE increased with adapting velocity up to the highest velocity tested (20°/sec). Its strength depended on matching both the spatial location and frequency content of the adapting and test stimuli, suggesting that the aMAE is both spatially and frequency specific. The studies of auditory adaptation were extended to studies of auditory contingent motion aftereffects. In the visual system, many types of contingent aftereffect have been demonstrated since the discovery of the McCollough effect. Although the basis of this aftereffect remains unclear, it is believed to reflect some fundamental aspects of learning and sensory coding. By pairing the directions of sound movement in frequency and in azimuth, the presence of a contingent aftereffect was demonstrated for the first time in the auditory system. This spectral contingent spatial motion aftereffect can persist for four hours after adaptation. The existence of the contingent aftereffect in audition was further confirmed by demonstration of an intensity contingent spectral aftereffect. Since sound motion in azimuth (A) can be made contingent on sound motion in frequency (B), which in turn can be contingent on motion in intensity (C), the possibility of attribute A being made contingent on attribute C by way of attribute B was explored. No such "double" contingent aftereffect was obtained. These results imply that the neural mechanisms underlying contingent aftereffects are not specific to vision, but reflect general properties of sensory neural processing. The long time course of contingent aftereffects suggests that they may be related to cortex-based learning processes
Fast generators for the Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol and malicious standards
Creators: name: Tsaban, Boaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol is based on taking large powers of a generator of a prime-order cyclic group. Some generators allow faster exponentiation. We show that to a large extent, using the fast generators is as secure as using a randomly chosen generator. On the other hand, we show that if there is some case in which fast generators are less secure, then this could be used by a malicious authority to generate a standard for the Diffie-Hellman key agreement protocol which has a hidden trapdoor.
description: Small updates
Flexible, Non-parametric Modeling Using Regularized Neural Networks
Creators: name: Allerbo, Oskar
name: Jörnsten, Rebecka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-parametric, additive models are able to capture complex data dependencies in a flexible, yet interpretable way. However, choosing the format of the additive components often requires non-trivial data exploration. Here, as an alternative, we propose PrAda-net, a one-hidden-layer neural network, trained with proximal gradient descent and adaptive lasso. PrAda-net automatically adjusts the size and architecture of the neural network to reflect the complexity and structure of the data. The compact network obtained by PrAda-net can be translated to additive model components, making it suitable for non-parametric statistical modelling with automatic model selection. We demonstrate PrAda-net on simulated data, where wecompare the test error performance, variable importance and variable subset identification properties of PrAda-net to other lasso-based regularization approaches for neural networks. We also apply PrAda-net to the massive U.K. black smoke data set, to demonstrate how PrAda-net can be used to model complex and heterogeneous data with spatial and temporal components. In contrast to classical, statistical non-parametric approaches, PrAda-net requires no preliminary modeling to select the functional forms of the additive components, yet still results in an interpretable model representation.
Polarized Structure Functions with Neutrino Beams
Creators: name: Forte, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the potential impact of neutrino data on the determination of the spin structure of the nucleon. We show that a flavour decomposition of the parton structure of the nucleon as required by present-day precision phenomenology could only be achieved at a neutrino factory. We discuss how neutrino scattering data would allow a full resolution of the nucleon spin problem.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, plenary talk at SPIN2004
WHAT AFFECTS ORGANIZATION AND COLLECTIVE ACTION FOR MANAGING RESOURCES? EVIDENCE FROM CANAL IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN INDIA
Creators: name: Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela
name: Raju, K. Vengama
name: Gulati, Ashok
name: Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela
name: Raju, K. Vengama
name: Gulati, Ashok
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Policies of devolving management of resources from the state to user groups are premised upon the assumption that users will organize and take on the necessary management tasks. While experience has shown that in many places users do so and are very capable, expansion of co-management programs beyond initial pilot sites often shows that this does not happen everywhere. Yet, much is at stake in this, with more widespread adoption of irrigation management transfers and other forms of community-based resource management. It is therefore important to move beyond isolated case studies to comparative analysis of the conditions for collective action. This paper identifies factors affecting organization of water users associations, and collective action by farmers in major canal irrigation systems in India, based on quantitative and qualitative analysis of a stratified sample of 48 minors in four irrigation systems (two each in Rajasthan and Karnataka). Using key variables suggested by the theoretical and case study literature, the study first examines the conditions under which farmers are likely to form formal or informal associations at the level of the minor (serving several watercourses, and one or more villages). Results indicate that organizations are more likely to be formed in larger commands, closer to market towns, and in sites with religious centers and potential leadership from college graduates and influential persons, but head/tail location does not have a major effect. We then examine factors affecting two different forms of collective action related to irrigation systems: collective representation and maintenance of the minors. Lobbying activities are not more likely where there are organizations, but organizations do increase the likelihood of collective maintenance work.
Supplementary document for Fabry-Perot Multilayer for Spectral Imaging Applications - 7217525.pdf
Creators: name: Wang, Guan
name: Gan, Zeqian
name: Zhu, Chengyi
name: Zhang, Hongfei
name: Beckett, Paul
name: Lim, Yang
name: Pan, Shuwen
name: YUAN, JIANTAO
name: Liu, Xu
name: Yin, Rui
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Comparison between spectral reconstruction using narrow bandpass filter-based system and a hyperspectral camera. The insets show the spectral reconstruction vs. actual for each of the 24 Spyder Checkr® patches as labeled in the picture.
A Novel Quantum Algorithm for Ant Colony Optimization
Creators: name: Ghosh, Mrityunjay
name: Dey, Nivedita
name: Mitra, Debdeep
name: Chakrabarti, Amlan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ant colony optimization (ACO) is a commonly used meta-heuristic to solve complex combinatorial optimization problems like traveling salesman problem (TSP), vehicle routing problem (VRP), etc. However, classical ACO algorithms provide better optimal solutions but do not reduce computation time overhead to a significant extent. Algorithmic speed-up can be achieved by using parallelism offered by quantum computing. Existing quantum algorithms to solve ACO are either quantum-inspired classical algorithms or hybrid quantum-classical algorithms. Since all these algorithms need the intervention of classical computing, leveraging the true potential of quantum computing on real quantum hardware remains a challenge. This paper's main contribution is to propose a fully quantum algorithm to solve ACO, enhancing the quantum information processing toolbox in the fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) era. We have Solved the Single Source Single Destination (SSSD) shortest-path problem using our proposed adaptive quantum circuit for representing dynamic pheromone updating strategy in real IBMQ devices. Our quantum ACO technique can be further used as a quantum ORACLE to solve complex optimization problems in a fully quantum setup with significant speed up upon the availability of more qubits.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
WHY TVES HAVE CONTRIBUTED TO INTERREGIONAL IMBALANCES IN CHINA
Creators: name: Ito, Junichi
name: Ito, Junichi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: economic imbalance
subject: rural China
subject: past-dependency
subject: institution
subject: allocation efficiency
subject: agglomeration economies

description: The major objectives of this paper are to shed some light on the mechanism that generates interregional economic imbalances among communities in rural China. Central to this issue is the development of township and village enterprises (TVEs) because the presence of secondary industry is closely associated with the economic welfare of the people residing in rural communities. In rural Jiangsu, for example, spatial disparities have become more pronounced over the past two decades. This fact suggests that the influence of initial conditions—historical and geographical advantages of industrial frontrunners—has not been erased but rather continues to persist. This is attributed to a variety of factors, including the less efficient use of TVE resources in poor areas, the decentralized fiscal system, and agglomeration economies. In short, the socialist regime of self-reliance that still lingers in China’s rural society traps less advanced areas in poverty.
Spectral Gap and Exponential Decay of Correlations
Creators: name: Hastings, Matthew B.
name: Koma, Tohru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between the spectral gap above the ground state and the decay of the correlations in the ground state in quantum spin and fermion systems with short-range interactions on a wide class of lattices. We prove that, if two observables anticommute with each other at large distance, then the nonvanishing spectral gap implies exponential decay of the corresponding correlation. When two observables commute with each other at large distance, the connected correlation function decays exponentially under the gap assumption. If the observables behave as a vector under the U(1) rotation of a global symmetry of the system, we use previous results on the large distance decay of the correlation function to show the stronger statement that the correlation function itself, rather than just the connected correlation function, decays exponentially under the gap assumption on a lattice with a certain self-similarity in (fractal) dimensions D<2. In particular, if the system is translationally invariant in one of the spatial directions, then this self-similarity condition is automatically satisfied. We also treat systems with long-range, power-law decaying interactions.
description: 23 pages, no figures, v2: major revisions of Sections 2 and 4, an error in Appendix A corrected, and minor revisons; v3: a major revision of Appendix A, Assumptions on the interactions of the models changed, and minor corrections
Applied Research Development in Statistical and Computational Sciences
Creators: name: Dr. Mohammad Miyan
name: Dr. Rashmi Singh
name: Dr. Akhilesh Kumar Singh
name: Dr. Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The study of recent development of methodologies and computation methods in Mathematical, Statistical and Computational Sciences is need of the day. The present book focuses on the development of theories and applications, and also promotes interdisciplinary endeavor among mathematicians, statisticians, and computer scientists. The present volume is based on contributions made by various authors on the topics of their interest about "Applied Research Development in Statistical and Computational Sciences" and introduces the subject along with the following topics: Effects of Aggregation of Erythrocytes Inflicting Radial and Axial Variation Of Viscosity On Resistance To Flow And Shear Stress In An Artery With Delicate Pathology; Membrane Algorithm using Rules of Multiple PSO in the framework of Cell-like P-systems for Constrained Function Optimization; So the purpose of this book is to gather into one volume many of the strategies, tools and techniques of the experienced researchers. We must place on record our sincere gratitude to the authors for their endless efforts in order to help the reader to build a high-quality review. This book “ Applied Research Development in Statistical and Computational Sciences” is based on the proceedings of the “International Conference on Advancements in Interdisciplinary Research (ICAIR-2021)”, Jointly Organized by Shia P. G. College, Lucknow (An Associated College of University of Lucknow, U.P. India) & Science Tech Institute, Lucknow (Run by: Manraj Kuwar Singh Educational Society, U.P. India), during October 26th-28th, 2021. The aim of this conference was to bring together the young as well as experienced researchers on one platform to discuss the recent findings in the aforesaid areas of Mathematical, Statistical and Computational Sciences. After peer – reviewing process, 9 relevant research papers were finally included in this book as chapters. We must place on record our sincere gratitude to the authors not only for their effort in preparing the papers for the present volume, but also their patience in waiting to see their work in print. Finally, we are also thankful to our publishers Mrs. Shweta Singh M/S MKSES Publishers, Lucknow for taking all the efforts in bringing out this volume in short span time.
Cylindrical solutions in braneworld gravity
Creators: name: Khoeini-Moghaddam, S.
name: Nouri-Zonoz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we investigate exact cylindrically symmetric solutions to the modified Einstein field equations in the brane world gravity scenarios. It is shown that for the special choice of the equation of state $2U+P=0$ for the dark energy and dark pressure, the solutions found could be considered formally as solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations in 4-D general relativity.
description: 12 pages, RevTex format, typos corrected and references added. Accepted for publication in PRD
R code for all Figures
Creators: name: Gagic, Vesna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60208 Terrestrial Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: R code for all figures in the main text and supplementary materialData and R code related to the paper entitled: "Better outcomes for pest pressure, insecticide use and yield in less intensive agricultural landscapes”
HOW PRODUCTIVE IS INFRASTRUCTURE? NEW APPROACH AND EVIDENCE FROM RURAL INDIA
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Fan, Shenggen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Public Economics

description: There have been competing arguments about the effect of public infrastructure on productivity in the literature. Level-based regressions generally show a much higher return to public capital than private capital, while difference-based regressions tend to find insignificant or even negative effects. To help reconcile this debate, this paper proposes that researchers should first test for causality in their data to check for length of lagged relationships and the existence of reverse causality, as a critical step before specifying a final model and estimating procedure on the relationship between the stock of capital and productivity growth. A newly developed system GMM method of estimation is proposed for this purpose. Second, a new method of estimating the relationship between the capital stock and productivity in level form is proposed that controls for possible endogeneity problems arising from reverse causation. These methods are illustrated using a unique set of pooled time-series, cross-section data for India. It is shown that infrastructure development in India is productive with an estimated impact lying between those obtained from level-based and difference-based estimates.
Phenomenological study of the atypical heavy flavor production observed at the Fermilab Tevatron
Creators: name: Apollinari, G.
name: Barone, M.
name: Fiori, I.
name: Giromini, P.
name: Happacher, F.
name: Miscetti, S.
name: Parri, A.
name: Ptohos, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address known discrepancies between the heavy flavor properties of jets produced at the Tevatron collider and the prediction of conventional-QCD simulations. In this study, we entertain the possibility that these effects are real and due to new physics. We show that all anomalies can be simultaneously fitted by postulating the additional pair production of light bottom squarks with a 100% semileptonic branching fraction.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Threshold Resummation for W-Boson Production at RHIC
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Asmita
name: Vogelsang, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the resummation of large logarithmic perturbative corrections to the partonic cross sections relevant for the process pp -> W^+- X at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). At RHIC, polarized protons are available, and spin asymmetries for this process will be used for precise measurements of the up and down quark and anti-quark distributions in the proton. The corrections arise near the threshold for the partonic reaction and are associated with soft-gluon emission. We perform the resummation to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy, for the rapidity-differential cross section. We find that resummation leads to relatively moderate effects on the cross sections and spin asymmetries.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures as eps files. One reference added and typo corrected
Multivariable evolution in final state parton shower algorithms
Creators: name: Nagy, Zoltan
name: Soper, Davison E.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: parton, showers
singularity, collinear
parton, splitting
parton, final state
dimension, 2
annihilation
splitting function
family
surface

description: One can use more than one scale variable to specify the family of surfaces in the space of parton splitting parameters that define the evolution of a parton shower. Considering $e^+e^-$ annihilation, we use two variables, with shower evolution following a special path in this two dimensional space. In addition, we treat in a special way the part of the splitting function that has a soft emission singularity but no collinear singularity. This leads to certain advantages compared to the usual shower formulation with only one scale variable.
Stiff Stability of the Hydrogen atom in dissipative Fokker electrodynamics
Creators: name: De Luca, Jayme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an ad-hoc electrodynamics with advanced and retarded Lienard-Wiechert interactions plus the dissipative Lorentz-Dirac self-interaction force. We study the covariant dynamical system of the electromagnetic two-body problem, i.e., the hydrogen atom. We perform the linear stability analysis of circular orbits for oscillations perpendicular to the orbital plane. In particular we study the normal modes of the linearized dynamics that have an arbitrarily large imaginary eigenvalue. These large eigenvalues are fast frequencies that introduce a fast (stiff) timescale into the dynamics. As an application, we study the phenomenon of resonant dissipation, i.e., a motion where both particles recoil together in a drifting circular orbit (a bound state), while the atom dissipates center-of-mass energy only. This balancing of the stiff dynamics is established by the existence of a quartic resonant constant that locks the dynamics to the neighborhood of the recoiling circular orbit. The resonance condition quantizes the angular momenta in reasonable agreement with the Bohr atom. The principal result is that the emission lines of quantum electrodynamics (QED) agree with the prediction of our resonance condition within one percent average deviation.
description: 1 figure, Notice that Eq. (34) of the Phys. Rev. E paper has a typo; it is missing the square Brackets of eq. (33), find here the correct eq
INDUSTRIALIZATION, URBANIZATION, AND LAND USE IN CHINA
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Mount, Timothy D.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Mount, Timothy D.
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Rapid industrial development and urbanization transfer more and more land away from agricultural production, threatening China’s capability to feed itself. This paper analyzes the determinants of land use by modeling arable land and sown area separately. An inverse U-shaped relationship between land use intensity and industrialization is explored both theoretically and empirically. The findings highlight the conflict between the two policy goals of industrialization and grain self-sufficiency in the end. Several policy recommendations are offered to reconcile the conflict.
THE ECONOMICS OF GENERATING AND MAINTAINING PLANT VARIETY RIGHTS IN CHINA
Creators: name: Koo, Bonwoo
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Qian, Keming
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Koo, Bonwoo
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Qian, Keming
name: Zhang, Yi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Intellectual Property Rights
subject: Crop Improvement
subject: Option Value
subject: Seed Markets

description: Notwithstanding the ambiguous research and productivity promoting effects of plant variety protections (PVPs), even in developed countries, many developing countries have adopted PVPs in the past few years to comply with their Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) obligations. Seeking and maintaining PVPs reserves options to an expected revenue stream from the future sale of protected varieties, the value of which varies for a host of reasons. In this paper we empirically examine the pattern of plant variety protection applications in China since its PVP laws were first introduced in 1997. We place those PVP rights in the context of China's present and likely future seed markets to identify the economic incentives and institutional aspects that influence decisions to develop and apply for varietal rights.
G337.2+0.1: a new X-ray supernova remnant?
Creators: name: Combi, J. A.
name: Benaglia, P.
name: Romero, G. E.
name: Sugizaki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence supporting a SNR origin for the radio source G337.2+0.1, which was discovered along the line of sight to the Norma spiral arm in the MOST 843-MHz radio survey. The radio source is spatially superposed to the unidentified ASCA source AX J1635.9-4719. An analysis of this latter source reveals that its X-ray spectrum, extended nature, and non-variable flux are consistent with what is expected for a SNR. In addition, we have used HI-line observations of the region to look for any effect of the presumed remnant on the ISM. We have found a well-defined minimum centered at the position of the radio source in the velocity range of ~ -25 to -19 km/s. This feature appears as a sharp absorption dip in the spectrum that might be produced when the continuum emission from the SNR candidate is absorbed by foreground gas. Hence we have used it to constrain the distance to the source, which seems to be a young (age ~ a few 10^3 yr) and distant (d ~ 14 kpc) SNR. G337.2+0.1 and AX J1635.9-4719 would be the radio/X-ray manifestations of this remnant.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters
A dynamical and radiation semi-analytical model of pulsar-star colliding winds along the orbit: Application to LS 5039
Creators: name: Molina, Edgar
name: Bosch-Ramon, Valentí
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray binaries are systems that emit non-thermal radiation peaking at energies above 1 MeV. One proposed scenario to explain their emission consists of a pulsar orbiting a massive star, with particle acceleration taking place in shocks produced by the interaction of the stellar and pulsar winds. We develop a semi-analytical model of the non-thermal emission of the colliding-wind structure including the dynamical effects of orbital motion. We apply the model to a general case and to LS 5039. The model consists of a one-dimensional emitter the geometry of which is affected by Coriolis forces owing to orbital motion. Two particle accelerators are considered: one at the two-wind standoff location, and the other one at the turnover produced by the Coriolis force. Synchrotron and inverse Compton emission is studied, accounting for Doppler boosting and absorption processes associated to the massive star. If both accelerators are provided with the same energy budget, most of the radiation comes from the region of the Coriolis turnover and beyond, up to a few orbital separations from the binary system. The model allows us to reproduce some of the LS 5039 emission features, but not all of them. In particular, the MeV radiation is probably too high to be explained by our model alone, the GeV flux is recovered but not its modulation, and the radio emission beyond the Coriolis turnover is too low. The predicted system inclination is consistent with the presence of a pulsar in the binary. The model is quite successful in reproducing the overall non-thermal behavior of LS 5039. Some improvements are suggested to better explain the phenomenology observed in this source, like accounting for particle reacceleration beyond the Coriolis turnover, unshocked pulsar wind emission, and the three-dimensional extension of the emitter.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Absence of Luther-Emery Superconducting Phase in the Three-Band Model for Cuprate Ladders
Creators: name: Song, Jeong-Pil
name: Mazumdar, Sumit
name: Clay, R. Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlated-electron theories of superconductivity in layered cuprates often start from the premise of a gapped spin-liquid phase proximate to the superconducting state. This assumption is justified based on analytical and numerical demonstrations of a superconducting Luther-Emery phase in the doped 2-leg one-band Hubbard ladder, and the perceived analogy between coupled ladders and the two dimensional CuO2 layer. We demonstrate from accurate density matrix renormalization group studies the absence of the superconducting Luther-Emery phase in the doped 2-leg three-band ladder consisting of both copper and oxygen, even as the spin gap is large in the undoped three-band ladder. For realistic oxygen-oxygen hopping and Hubbard repulsion on the oxygen atoms, density-density rather than pairing correlations are dominant at long range. This result is equally valid whether or not the oxygens outside the ladder proper, over and above the rung and leg oxygens, are included in the computation. These results demonstrate the critical importance of oxygen orbitals, and raise disturbing questions about the applicability of many of the existing correlated-electron theories of superconductivity.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Discovery of a Very Nearby Brown Dwarf to the Sun: A Methane Rich Brown Dwarf Companion to the Low Mass Star SCR 1845-6357
Creators: name: Biller, B. A.
name: Kasper, M.
name: Close, L. M.
name: Brandner, W.
name: Kellner, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VLT/NACO SDI images of the very nearby star SCR 1845-6357 (hereafter SCR 1845). SCR 1845 is a recently discovered (Hambly et al. 2004) M8.5 star just 3.85 pc from the sun (Henry et al. 2006). Using the capabilities of the unique SDI device, we discovered a substellar companion to SCR 1845 at a separation of 4.5 AU (1.170''+-0.003'' on the sky) and fainter by 3.57+-0.057 mag in the 1.575 um SDI filter. This substellar companion has an H magnitude of 13.16+0.31-0.26 (absolute H magnitude of 15.30+0.31-0.26), making it likely the brightest mid-T dwarf known. The unique Simultaneous Differential Imager (SDI) consists of 3 narrowband filters placed around the 1.6 um methane absorption feature characteristic of T-dwarfs (Teff < 1200 K). The flux of the substellar companion drops by a factor of 2.7+-0.1 between the SDI F1(1.575 um) filter and the SDI F3(1.625 um) filter, consistent with strong methane absorption in a substellar companion. We estimate a spectral type of T5.5+-1 for the companion based on the strength of this methane break. The chances that this object is a background T dwarf are vanishing small -- and there is no isolated background T-dwarf in this part of the sky according to 2MASS. Thus, it is a bound companion, hereafter SCR 1845-6357B. For an age range of 100 Myr - 10 Gyr and spectral type range of T4.5-T6.5, we find a mass range of 9 - 65 MJup for SCR 1845B from the Baraffe et al. 2003 COND models. SCR 1845AB is the 24th closest stellar system to the Sun (at 3.85 pc); the only brown dwarf system closer to the Sun is Eps Indi Ba-Bb (at 3.626 pc). In addition, this is the first T-dwarf companion discovered around a low mass star.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Effect of density of state on isotope effect exponent of two-band superconductors
Creators: name: Udomsamuthirun, P.
name: Kumvongsa, C.
name: Burakorn, A.
name: Changkanart, P.
name: Yoksan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact formula of Tc's equation and the isotope effect exponent of two-band s-wave superconductors in weak-coupling limit are derived by considering the influence of two kinds of density of state : constant and van Hove singularity. The pairing interaction in each band consisted of 2 parts : the electron-phonon interaction and non-electron-phonon interaction are included in our model. We find that the interband interaction of electron-phonon show more effect on isotope exponent than the intraband interaction and the isotope effect exponent with constant density of state can fit to an experimental data,MgB2, and high-Tc superconductors, better than van Hove singularity density of state.
description: 11 pages. accepted in Physica C
von Allmen, Jean Jaques: Ökumene im Herrenmahl
Creators: name: Schmidt-Lauber, H.C.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 17 Nr. 4 (1968): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 17, Heft 4
Final Summary of "A Day in Springs" Held on September 19th, 1987
Creators: name: Streck, Linda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: East Hampton
Springs
Events
Meetings

description: This document is a summary report of the event, "A Day in Springs", held on September 19, 1987.
description: This material was lent to the Long Island Collection by the Springs Historical Society Library for digitization purposes.
On the Feasibility of Characterizing Lens Stars in Future Space-Based Microlensing Surveys
Creators: name: Han, Cheongho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If a light-emitting star is responsible for a gravitational microlensing event, the lens can be characterized by analyzing the blended light from the lens. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of characterizing lenses by using this method in future space-based lensing surveys. To judge the feasibility of the method, we estimate the portions of events whose blended flux F_b can be firmly noticed and most of it can be attributed to the lens by carrying out detailed simulations of Galactic bulge lensing events considering various blending sources, including the lens, background stars, and binary companions to the lens and source. From this, it is estimated that among the events to be detected from a survey using a 1 m space telescope, ~27% will have blending fractions of F_b/F\geq 10% and the blended flux of half of these events will be contaminated more than (F_b-F_L)/F_b=20% by the flux from blending sources other than the lens, implying the contamination of the blended flux will be substantial. Although the contamination by the background stars can be reduced by using an instrument with a higher resolution, it is estimated that the blended flux of more than 1/3 of events will still be contaminated (mostly by binary companions) even using a telescope equivalent to the {\it Hubble Space Telescope}, assuming 50% binary frequency. We, therefore, conclude that caution and consideration of the blending contaminants are required in applying the lens-light analysis method.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, ApJ, submitted
MobileSal: Extremely Efficient RGB-D Salient Object Detection
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Huan
name: Liu, Yun
name: Xu, Jun
name: Bian, Jia-Wang
name: Gu, Yu-Chao
name: Cheng, Ming-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The high computational cost of neural networks has prevented recent successes in RGB-D salient object detection (SOD) from benefiting real-world applications. Hence, this paper introduces a novel network, MobileSal, which focuses on efficient RGB-D SOD using mobile networks for deep feature extraction. However, mobile networks are less powerful in feature representation than cumbersome networks. To this end, we observe that the depth information of color images can strengthen the feature representation related to SOD if leveraged properly. Therefore, we propose an implicit depth restoration (IDR) technique to strengthen the mobile networks' feature representation capability for RGB-D SOD. IDR is only adopted in the training phase and is omitted during testing, so it is computationally free. Besides, we propose compact pyramid refinement (CPR) for efficient multi-level feature aggregation to derive salient objects with clear boundaries. With IDR and CPR incorporated, MobileSal performs favorably against state-of-the-art methods on six challenging RGB-D SOD datasets with much faster speed (450fps for the input size of 320 $\times$ 320) and fewer parameters (6.5M). The code is released at https://mmcheng.net/mobilesal.
description: Accepted in IEEE TPAMI, 11 pages, 11 tables, 5 figures
The Nature of the Condensate in Mass Transport Models
Creators: name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Evans, M. R.
name: Zia, R. K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenon of real space condensation in the steady state of a class of one dimensional mass transport models. We derive the criterion for the occurrence of a condensation transition and analyse the precise nature of the shape and the size of the condensate in the condensed phase. We find two distinct condensate regimes: one where the condensate is gaussian distributed and the particle number fluctuations scale normally as $L^{1/2}$ where $L$ is the system size, and a second regime where the particle number fluctuations become anomalously large and the condensate peak is non-gaussian. We interpret these results within the framework of sums of random variables.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Statistics of excitons in quantum dots and the resulting microcavity emission spectra
Creators: name: Laussy, F. P.
name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Kavokin, A. V.
name: Whittaker, D. M.
name: Malpuech, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical investigation is presented of the statistics of excitons in quantum dots (QDs) of different sizes. A formalism is developed to build the exciton creation operator in a dot from the single exciton wavefunction and it is shown how this operator evolves from purely fermionic, in case of a small QD, to purely bosonic, in case of large QDs. Nonlinear optical emission spectra of semiconductor microcavities containing single QDs are found to exhibit a peculiar multiplet structure which reduces to Mollow triplet and Rabi doublet in fermionic and bosonic limits, respectively.
description: Extensively expanded revision, 14 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Catalytic transformations with finite-size environments: applications to cooling and thermometry
Creators: name: Henao, Ivan
name: Uzdin, Raam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The laws of thermodynamics are usually formulated under the assumption of infinitely large environments. While this idealization facilitates theoretical treatments, real physical systems are always finite and their interaction range is limited. These constraints have consequences for important tasks such as cooling, not directly captured by the second law of thermodynamics. Here, we study catalytic transformations that cannot be achieved when a system exclusively interacts with a finite environment. Our core result consists of constructive conditions for these transformations, which include the corresponding global unitary operation and the explicit states of all the systems involved. From this result we present various findings regarding the use of catalysts for cooling. First, we show that catalytic cooling is always possible if the dimension of the catalyst is sufficiently large. In particular, the cooling of a qubit using a hot qubit can be maximized with a catalyst as small as a three-level system. We also identify catalytic enhancements for tasks whose implementation is possible without a catalyst. For example, we find that in a multiqubit setup catalytic cooling based on a three-body interaction outperforms standard (non-catalytic) cooling using higher order interactions. Another advantage is illustrated in a thermometry scenario, where a qubit is employed to probe the temperature of the environment. In this case, we show that a catalyst allows to surpass the optimal temperature estimation attained only with the probe.
description: The presentation of the paper has been substantially improved following insightful reports of two anonymous referees. In particular, the appendices were extended to improve the clarity of the technical material. The content is the same but the previous section about open problems (VIII) was merged with the section "Conclusions and outlook". 49 pages and 15 figures
Uniform Mixing of High-Tc Superconductivity and Antiferromagnetism on a Single CuO2 Plane in Hg-based Five-layered Cuprate
Creators: name: Mukuda, H.
name: Abe, M.
name: Araki, Y.
name: Kitaoka, Y.
name: Tokiwa, K.
name: Watanabe, T.
name: Iyo, A.
name: Kito, H.
name: Tanaka, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a site selective Cu-NMR study on under-doped Hg-based five-layered high-$T_{\rm c}$ cuprate HgBa2Ca4Cu5Oy with a Tc=72 K. Antiferromagnetism (AF) has been found to take place at TN=290 K, exhibiting a large antiferromagnetic moment of 0.67-0.69uB at three inner planes (IP's). This value is comparable to the values reported for non-doped cuprates, suggesting that the IP may be in a nearly non-doped regime. Most surprisingly, the AF order is also detected with M(OP)=0.1uB even at two outer planes (OP's) that are responsible for the onset of superconductivity (SC). The high-Tc SC at Tc = 72 K can uniformly coexist on a microscopic level with the AF at OP's. This is the first microscopic evidence for the uniform mixed phase of AF and SC on a single CuO2 plane in a simple environment without any vortex lattice and/or stripe order.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. To be published in Phys.Rev.Lett
Unbounded solutions to systems of differential equations at resonance
Creators: name: Boscaggin, Alberto
name: Dambrosio, Walter
name: Papini, Duccio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We deal with a weakly coupled system of ODEs of the type $$ x_j'' + n_j^2 \,x_j + h_j(x_1,\ldots,x_d) = p_j(t), \qquad j=1,\ldots,d, $$ with $h_j$ locally Lipschitz continuous and bounded, $p_j$ continuous and $2π$-periodic, $n_j \in \mathbb{N}$ (so that the system is at resonance). By means of a Lyapunov function approach for discrete dynamical systems, we prove the existence of unbounded solutions, when either global or asymptotic conditions on the coupling terms $h_1,\ldots,h_d$ are assumed.
Radiation Reaction, Renormalization and Poincaré Symmetry
Creators: name: Yaremko, Yurij
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the self-action problem in classical electrodynamics of a massive point-like charge, as well as of a massless one. A consistent regularization procedure is proposed, which exploits the symmetry properties of the theory. The radiation reaction forces in both 4D and 6D are derived. It is demonstrated that the Poincaré-invariant six-dimensional electrodynamics of the massive charge is renormalizable theory. Unlike the massive case, the rates of radiated energy-momentum tend to infinity whenever the source is accelerated. The external electromagnetic fields, which do not change the velocity of the particle, admit only its presence within the interaction area. The effective equation of motion is the equation for eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the electromagnetic tensor. The interference part of energy-momentum radiated by two massive point charges arbitrarily moving in flat spacetime is evaluated. It is shown that the sum of work done by Lorentz forces of charges acting on one another exhausts the effect of combination of outgoing electromagnetic waves generated by the charges.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Latent heat of the large N finite temperature phase transition
Creators: name: Kiskis, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reduced large N gauge theories have a phase with unbroken center symmetry and phases in which that symmetry is broken for Polyakov loops in one or more lattice directions. The phase with unbroken symmetry is associated with the zero temperature, infinite volume, infinite N theory while the phase in which the symmetry is broken in just one lattice direction has been conjectured to be the spatial reduction of the high temperature, infinite volume, infinite N theory. Measurements of the scaling properties of the latent heat of the transition between these phases test that hypothesis. The results indicate a non-zero latent heat in the continuum limit. Substantial finite spacing effects remain, and finer lattices will be needed to confirm physical scaling.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures