Pityocera (Pseudelaphella) pernaquila Gorayeb & Krolow, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Krolow, Tiago Kütter
name: Henriques, Augusto Loureiro
name: Gorayeb, Inocêncio De Sousa
name: Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco
name: Buestán, Jaime
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tabanidae
Pityocera
Pityocera pernaquila

description: Pityocera (Pseudelaphella) pernaquila Gorayeb & Krolow sp. nov.
(figures 12A–F)
Pityocera (Pseudelaphella) nana, Henriques & Gorayeb, 1993: 5; Henriques, 1997: 62.
Type locality. Brazil, Pará, Serra Norte.
Diagnosis. size varying from 9.2–11.6mm; frons parallel sides; face, gena and parafacial pruinose, only clypeus smooth and shiny; beard white; antennal flagellum orange; first flagellomere as wide as long; legs dark brown.
Description, Holotype ♀: body length 10.5 mm (fig. 12A); wing length 10.1 mm; wing width 3.2 mm.
Head (fig. 12B): eyes without color pattern when dry, densely pilose. Occiput with white hairs. Frons parallel, slightly convergent at base, D.I. 1.1, F.I. 2.8; with yellowish brown pruinosity and brown pilosity. Subcallus glabrous, with pruinosity identical to frons. Face with pruinosity same as frons, and sparse light-brown hair.
Parafacial and gena with greyish pruinosity and white beard. Clypeus smooth and shiny. Antenna (fig. 12C), scape and pedicel with yellowish brown pruinosity and black hairs; flagellum dark orange, without pruinosity; first flagellomere as high as long, with tuft of dorsal hairs; flagellomeres 1–3 fused, 4–7 free; apical flagellomere with black hairs. Palpus with first segment tubular and a little smaller than second; second segment with enlargement occupying more than half of the length and hairs only on external margins, central area dark orange and bare; distal half narrowed and completely pilose; proboscis slender and very long, over twice the length of the head; theca membranous; labella slender (without expansion) and partially sclerotized;
Thorax: scutum dark brown, with black hair and three very distinct longitudinal bands of greyish white pruinosity; post-pronotal lobe, notopleura, post-alar callus and scutellum apex with greyish-white pruinosity. Notopleura with tuft of black hair (dorso-lateral view). Pleura with dark integument covered by greyish white pruinosity and predominantly white hair. Legs slender; coxae with pruinosity and pilosity similar to pleura; trochanters, tibiae, femora and tarsi dark brown with predominantly black pilosity, with some sparse brown hairs; tibiae with black hair in dorsal view. Wing fumose; r5 cell closed with very long petiole; appendix of R4 very short; venation dark-brown.
Abdomen: dark brown, tergites with posterior transverse bands bright; tergites 1–2 bright (yellowish) with dark spot in the middle; tergites 3–7 dark brown with light posterior transverse bands; pilosity predominantly black, with white hairs starting from the fourth tergite.
Terminalia (paratype). Tergites IX and X, cercus and hypoproct as in figure (fig. 12D). Tergite IX fused, narrowed in center. Tergite X divided into two pieces with a membranous space between the contact area of the internal lateral margins and the tergite IX. Cercus with margins rounded and apex slightly acuminate. Hypoproct rounded, reaching the first third of the cercus length. Hypogynium + hypogynial valve (fig. 12E). Hypogynium subtriangular with lateral margins straight from middle to apex and slightly rounded from middle to basis; apex with a v-shaped slit reaching the hypogynial valve. Genital fork (fig. 12F) with arms slender, but with distal expansions sclerotized; anterior margin straight with slight median indentation; lateral extremities rounded; spermathecal ducts long and little sclerotized; spermatheca (fig. 12F) heavily pigmented, elongated, with apex narrowed.
Paratypes variations. Body length 9.2–11.6 mm; wing length 9.6–10.6 mm; wing width 3.0– 3.2 mm; F.I. 2.7–2.9; D.I. 1.0–1.1.
Male: unknown.
Distribution. Brazil (Pará, Rondônia).
Type material. Holotype ♀. “ BRAZIL, Pará\Serra Norte\3 alfa\ 26.vi.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\M F Torres” (MPEG DIP 12001513). Paratypes 18 ♀. “Pará, Tucuruí\ 08.7[vii].1978” “ Brasil Pará\W. França ” “ Pityocera \ (Pseudelaphella)\ nana Wlk \ det. G.B. Fairchild, 1981” (♀ MPEG-DIP 12006434); “ Brasil, Pará\ Serra Norte\ 3 Alfa\ 26.vi.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\M F Torres” (3♀ MPEG-DIP 12001511, 12001514, 12001515); “ Brasil Pará\Serra Norte\Serraria\ 15.vi.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\M. F. Torres” (♀ CZMA); “ Brasil Pará\Serra Norte\Serraria\ 22.vi.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\M. Zanuto” (♀ MPEG-DIP 12001518); “ Brasil Pará\Serra Norte\Serraria\ 27.vi.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\W. França ” (2♀ MPEG-DIP 12001522, 12001525); “ Brasil Pará\Serra Norte\Serraria\ 20–24.vi.1985 \Arm. Malaise” “ Brasil, Pará\F. Ramos” (2♀ MPEG-DIP 12001520, 12001526); “ Brasil Pará\Serra Norte\Serraria\ 29.vi.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\H. Andrade” (♀ CZMA); “ Brasil Pará\Serra Norte\Serraria\ 01–03.viii.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\M. Zanuto” (♀ MPEG-DIP 12001510); “ Brasil Pará\Serra Norte\Pojuca\ 20–24.vi.1985 \Arm. Malaise” “ Brasil, Pará\ F. Ramos” (2♀ MPEG-DIP 12001516, 12001519); “ Brasil, Pará\Serra Norte\Fofoca\ 22.vi.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\N. Bittencourt” (♀ MPEG-DIP 12001517); “ Brasil, Pará\Serra Norte\Salobo\ 05.viii.1984 ” “ Brasil, Pará\M. Zanuto” (♀ MPEG-DIP 12001524); “ Brasil, Pará\Serra Norte\N.I.C Rupestre\ 20.vi.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\M. Torres” (♀ MPEG-DIP 12001512); “ Brasil, Pará\Serra Norte, N1\Arm. Suspensa 1–6 m \ 12–15.vii.1985 ” “ Brasil, Pará\R. D. Thomas” (♀ MPEG-DIP 12001523).
Additional material examined: BRAZIL, Rondônia, Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rio Boa Vista, 06–12.vii.1995, J.A. Rafael & J. Vidal (5♀ INPA, ♀ CZMA).
Etymology. the name derives from Latin and is named for its dark legs; perna = legs + aquilus = dark colored.
Discussion. here described as a new species, but previously treated as the female of P. nana in Henriques & Gorayeb (1993) and Henriques (1997). This mistake is possibly related to the fact that a specimen from the MPEG was identified as such by Fairchild in 1981. Such occurrence raises the possibility that P. nana may also have been misidentified in other works (Fairchild & León 1986; Chainey et al. 1994; Buestán et al. 2007; Cárdenas et al. 2009).
This species can be differentiated from the others by its habitus characteristically darker than other Pseudelaphella, associated with dark brown legs with predominantly black pilosity. It shows substantial color variation, in that the abdomens of specimens collected in Pará have the two first tergites yellow with a black spot in the center, while specimens from Rondônia have all tergites dark brown. Legs and antenna are also darker in the specimens from Rondônia. Therefore, specimens from Rondônia were left out of the type series, given that the addition of new material and/or males can define the unification or separation of these two groups.
description: Published as part of Krolow, Tiago Kütter, Henriques, Augusto Loureiro, Gorayeb, Inocêncio De Sousa, Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco & Buestán, Jaime, 2015, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Pityocera Giglio-Tos, 1896 (Diptera: Tabanidae: Scionini), pp. 301-333 in Zootaxa 3904 (3) on pages 321-324, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3904.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/253414