cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PQChPT with Staggered Sea and Valence Ginsparg-Wilson Quarks: Vector Meson Masses
Creators: name: Grigoryan, Hovhannes R.
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider partially quenched, mixed chiral perturbation theory with staggered sea and Ginsparg-Wilson valence quarks in order to extract a chiral-continuum extrapolation expression for the vector meson mass up to order O(a^2), at one-loop level. Based on general principles, we accomplish the task without explicitly constructing a sophisticated, heavy vector meson chiral Lagrangian.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, REVTeX
Glide-Symmetric Acoustic Waveguides for Extreme Sensing and Isolation
Creators: name: Janković, Nikolina
name: Alù, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Glide symmetry offers new degrees of freedom to engineer the properties of periodic structures, and thus it has been exploited in various electromagnetic structures. However, so far there has been little exploration on the impact that glide symmetry can offer in the field of acoustics. In this paper, we explore glide-symmetric acoustic waveguides, highlighting their dispersion characteristics and guiding properties and demonstrating opportunities in the context of acoustic devices. Here we analytically derive their dispersive features applying a semi-analytical mode matching technique. We then demonstrate how the unusual dispersion properties of glide-symmetric acoustic waveguides can be used to achieve very sharp frequency responses. Based on these results, we propose a sensing platform for liquid analytes that exhibits large sensitivity and linearity. Furthermore, by introducing fluid motion, we leverage these responses to design an acoustic isolator based on acoustic Mach-Zehnder interferometry, whose design is more favorable in terms of footprint and complexity in comparison to other acoustic nonreciprocal devices that do not rely on glide symmetry.
Modeling the Physical Structure of the Low Density Pre-protostellar Core Lynds 1498
Creators: name: Shirley, Yancy L.
name: Nordhaus, Miranda K.
name: Grcevich, Jana M.
name: Evans, Neal J.
name: Rawlings, Jonathan M. C.
name: Tatematsu, Ken'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lynds 1498 is a pre-protostellar core (PPC) and was one of the initial objects toward which molecular depletion and differentiation was detected. Despite the considerable scrutiny of L1498, there has not been a extensive study of the density and temperature structure as derived from radiative transfer modeling of dust continuum observations. We present deep SCUBA observations of L1498 at 850 and 450 micron, high resolution BEARS maps of the N2H+ 1-0 transition, CSO observations of the N2H+ 3-2 transition, and GBT observations of the C3S 4-3 transition. We also present a comparison of derived properties between L1498 and nearby PPCs that have been observed at far-infrared and submillimeter wavelengths. We present a more realistic treatment of PPC heating which varies the strength of the ISRF, Sisrf, and includes attenuation of the ISRF due to dust grains at the outer radius of the core, Av. The best-fitted model consists of a Bonner-Ebert sphere with a central density of 1 - 3 x 10^4 cm-3, R_o ~ 0.29 pc, 0.5 <= Sisrf <= 1, Av ~ 1 mag, and a nearly isothermal temperature profile of ~ 10.5 K for OH8 opacities. C3S emission shows a central depletion hole while N2H+ emission is centrally peaked. The observed depletions of C3S and H2CO, the modest N2H+ abundance, and a central density that is an order of magnitude lower than other modeled PPCs suggests that L1498 may be a forming PPC. Our derived temperature and density profile will improve modeling of molecular line observations that will explicate the core's kinematical and chemical state. (abridged)
description: 26 pages, 10 figures (2 color figs). Accepted to ApJ
Stellar parametrization of LAMOST M dwarf stars
Creators: name: Li, Jiadong
name: Liu, Chao
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Tian, Hao
name: Qiu, Dan
name: Tian, Haijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M dwarf stars are the most common stars in the Galaxy, dominating the population of the Galaxy by numbers at faint magnitudes. Precise and accurate stellar parameters for M dwarfs are of crucial importance for many studies. However, the atmospheric parameters of M dwarf stars are difficult to be determined. In this paper, we present a catalog of the spectroscopic stellar parameters ($T_{eff}$ and [M/H]) of $\sim$ 300,000 M dwarf stars observed by both LAMOST and Gaia using Stellar Label Machine (SLAM). We train a SLAM model using LAMOST spectra with APOGEE Data Release 16 (DR16) labels with $2800 \lt T_{eff} \lt 4500$K and $-2 \lt [M/H] \lt 0.5$ dex. The SLAM $T_{eff}$ is in agreement to within $\sim 50$K compared to the previous study determined by APOGEE observation, and SLAM [M/H] agree within 0.12 dex compared to the APOGEE observation. We also set up a SLAM model trained by BT-Settl atmospheric model, with random uncertainties (in cross-validation) to 60K and agree within $\sim 90$K compared to previous study.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
A Process to Facilitate Automated Automotive Cybersecurity Testing
Creators: name: Marksteiner, Stefan
name: Marko, Nadja
name: Smulders, Andre
name: Karagiannis, Stelios
name: Stahl, Florian
name: Hamazaryan, Hayk
name: Schlick, Rupert
name: Kraxberger, Stefan
name: Vasenev, Alexandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern vehicles become increasingly digitalized with advanced information technology-based solutions like advanced driving assistance systems and vehicle-to-x communications. These systems are complex and interconnected. Rising complexity and increasing outside exposure has created a steadily rising demand for more cyber-secure systems. Thus, also standardization bodies and regulators issued standards and regulations to prescribe more secure development processes. This security, however, also has to be validated and verified. In order to keep pace with the need for more thorough, quicker and comparable testing, today's generally manual testing processes have to be structured and optimized. Based on existing and emerging standards for cybersecurity engineering, this paper therefore outlines a structured testing process for verifying and validating automotive cybersecurity, for which there is no standardized method so far. Despite presenting a commonly structured framework, the process is flexible in order to allow implementers to utilize their own, accustomed toolsets.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures paper presented at IEEE VTC2021-Spring. Full published version at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9448913
High Rate Compressive Behaviour of a Dilatant Polymeric Foam
Creators: Bhagavathula, Kapil Bharadwaj
Azar, Austin
Ouellet, Simon
Satapathy, Sikhanda
Dennison, Christopher R.
Hogan, James D.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2018

Polymeric foams are an essential part of personal protection equipment, such as helmets and body armor. In this work, the authors study the strain-rate dependent behavior of a dilatant polymeric foam, focusing on developing characterization and testing methodologies needed to better understand the links between microstructure and failure in these materials. The authors study these links for a commercially-available shear-thickening foam, named D3O LITE D. Prior to testing, the pore sizes (82 ± 26 µm), ligament thickness between pores (5–12 µm), and porosity (83 ± 5%) were quantified using scanning electron microscope images. Samples were then tested in compression under quasi-static conditions for a strain rate of 0.04 s−1 using an MTS testing apparatus, and in dynamic conditions using a split Hopkinson pressure bar apparatus for strain rates of 5280–5720 s−1. For both rates, strains upwards of 85% were achieved and this allowed us to examine a variety of material failure behaviors, including elastic collapse, localization, pore collapse, densification and post pore collapse hardening. These mechanisms are observed in-situ during compression experiments using high-speed photography, and linked back to stress–strain responses of the materials. In this material, the elastic collapse stress for quasi-static and dynamic compression conditions was found to be 120 ± 40 kPa and 243 ± 47 kPa, respectively, and elastic modulus were noted of 2.4 ± 0.7 MPa and 3.8 ± 1.2 MPa, respectively. Following the elastic collapse, some unique specimen-scale localization features were observed during the dynamic experiments. These features are unique to dynamic compression and were not observed for the quasi-static case, demonstrating a demonstrating a distinct high-rate behavior for this material, possibly linked to its “shear thickening” label. After densification, complete pore collapse followed by post pore collapse hardening were observed for both strain rates. These results represent some of the first studies on shear-thickening foams in the literature, and the testing methodologies developed in this study will serve as the foundation for additional experimental and computation studies across a broader range of foam materials.
Discovering multiscale and self-similar structure with data-driven wavelets
Creators: name: Floryan, Daniel
name: Graham, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many materials, processes, and structures in science and engineering have important features at multiple scales of time and/or space; examples include biological tissues, active matter, oceans, networks, and images. Explicitly extracting, describing, and defining such features are difficult tasks, at least in part because each system has a unique set of features. Here, we introduce an analysis method that, given a set of observations, discovers an energetic hierarchy of structures localized in scale and space. We call the resulting basis vectors a "data-driven wavelet decomposition". We show that this decomposition reflects the inherent structure of the dataset it acts on, whether it has no structure, structure dominated by a single scale, or structure on a hierarchy of scales. In particular, when applied to turbulence---a high-dimensional, nonlinear, multiscale process---the method reveals self-similar structure over a wide range of spatial scales, providing direct, model-free evidence for a century-old phenomenological picture of turbulence. This approach is a starting point for the characterization of localized hierarchical structures in multiscale systems, which we may think of as the building blocks of these systems.
description: PNAS, to appear; 6 pages
Parametric instability in a free evolving warped protoplanetary disc
Creators: name: Deng, Hongping
name: Ogilvie, Gordon I.
name: Mayer, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Warped accretion discs of low viscosity are prone to hydrodynamic instability due to parametric resonance of inertial waves as confirmed by local simulations. Global simulations of warped discs, using either smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) or grid-based codes, are ubiquitous but no such instability has been seen. Here we utilize a hybrid Godunov-type Lagrangian method to study parametric instability in global simulations of warped Keplerian discs at unprecedentedly high resolution (up to 120 million particles). In the global simulations, the propagation of the warp is well described by the linear bending-wave equations before the instability sets in. The ensuing turbulence, captured for the first time in a global simulation, damps relative orbital inclinations and leads to a decrease in the angular momentum deficit. As a result, the warp undergoes significant damping within one bending-wave crossing time. Observed protoplanetary disc warps are likely maintained by companions or aftermath of disc breaking.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Leading Logs in QCD Axion Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Alonso-Álvarez, Gonzalo
name: Ertas, Fatih
name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: Thormaehlen, Lennert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axion is much lighter than all other degrees of freedom introduced by the Peccei-Quinn mechanism to solve the strong CP problem. It is therefore natural to use an effective field theory (EFT) to describe its interactions. Loop processes calculated in the EFT may, however, explicitly depend on the ultraviolet cutoff. In general the UV cutoff is not uniquely defined, but the dimensionful couplings suggest to identify it with the Peccei-Quinn symmetry-breaking scale. An example are $K \rightarrow π+ a$ decays that will soon be tested to improved precision in NA62 and KOTO and whose amplitude is dominated by the term logarithmically dependent on the cutoff. In this paper, we critically examine the adequacy of using such a naive EFT approach to study loop processes by comparing EFT calculations with ones performed in complete QCD axion models. In DFSZ models, for example, the cutoff is found to be set by additional Higgs degrees of freedom and to therefore be much closer to the electroweak scale than to the Peccei-Quinn scale. In fact, there are non-trivial requirements on axion models where the cutoff scale of loop processes is close to the Peccei-Quinn scale, such that the naive EFT result is reproduced. This suggests that the existence of a suitable UV embedding may impose restrictions on axion EFTs. We provide an explicit construction of a model with suitable fermion couplings and find promising prospects for NA62 and IAXO.
description: 28 pages + appendices. v3: revised text, main results unchanged
Exploring the molecular basis of dairy production and fitness traits in Murciano-Granadina goats with genomic, metagenomic and transcriptomic approaches - Supplementary materials
Creators: name: Luigi Sierra, Maria Gracia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Annexes and supplementary materials of the PhD thesis entitled "Exploring the molecular basis of dairy production and fitness traits in Murciano-Granadina goats with genomic, metagenomic and transcriptomic approaches ".
The ROSAT North Ecliptic Pole Survey: The X-ray Catalog
Creators: name: Henry, J. Patrick
name: Mullis, Christopher R.
name: Voges, Wolfgang
name: Boehringer, Hans
name: Briel, Ulrich G.
name: Gioia, Isabella M.
name: Huchra, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sky around the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP), at $α$(2000) = 18$^h00^m00^s$, $δ$(2000) = +66\degr33\arcmin39\arcsec, has the deepest exposure of the entire {\it ROSAT} All - Sky Survey (RASS). The NEP is an undistinguished region of moderate Galactic latitude, $b=29\fdg8$, and hence suitable for compiling statistical samples of both galactic and extragalactic objects. We have made such a compilation in the 80.6 deg$^2$ region surrounding the NEP. Our sample fully exploits the properties of the RASS, since the only criteria for inclusion are source position and significance, and yields the deepest large solid angle contiguous sample of X-ray sources to date. We find 442 unique sources above a flux limit $\mathrm{\sim2\times10^{-14} ~ergs cm^{-2} ~s^{-1}}$ in the 0.5--2.0 keV band. In this paper we present the X-ray properties of these sources as determined from the RASS. These include positions, fluxes, spectral information in the form of hardness ratios, and angular sizes. Since we have performed a comprehensive optical identification program we also present the average X-ray properties of classes of objects typical of the X-ray sky at these flux levels. We discuss the use of the RASS to find clusters of galaxies based on their X-ray properties alone.
description: 48 pages, 13 figures, accepted for ApJ Supp 162, 2006 (February issue)
Character randomized benchmarking for non-multiplicity-free groups with applications to subspace, leakage, and matchgate randomized benchmarking
Creators: name: Claes, Jahan
name: Rieffel, Eleanor
name: Wang, Zhihui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Randomized benchmarking (RB) is a powerful method for determining the error rate of experimental quantum gates. Traditional RB, however, is restricted to gatesets, such as the Clifford group, that form a unitary 2-design. The recently introduced character RB can benchmark more general gates using techniques from representation theory; up to now, however, this method has only been applied to "multiplicity-free" groups, a mathematical restriction on these groups. In this paper, we extend the original character RB derivation to explicitly treat non-multiplicity-free groups, and derive several applications. First, we derive a rigorous version of the recently introduced subspace RB, which seeks to characterize a set of one- and two-qubit gates that are symmetric under SWAP. Second, we develop a new leakage RB protocol that applies to more general groups of gates. Finally, we derive a scalable RB protocol for the matchgate group, a group that like the Clifford group is non-universal but becomes universal with the addition of one additional gate. This example provides one of the few examples of a scalable non-Clifford RB protocol. In all three cases, compared to existing theories, our method requires similar resources, but either provides a more accurate estimate of gate fidelity, or applies to a more general group of gates. In conclusion, we discuss the potential, and challenges, of using non-multiplicity-free character RB to develop new classes of scalable RB protocols and methods of characterizing specific gates.
description: 19 pages + 6 pages appendices
Spatiotemporal Characteristics and Factor Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Infections among Healthcare Workers in Wuhan, China
Creators: name: Wang, Peixiao
name: Ren, Hui
name: Zhu, Xinyan
name: Fu, Xiaokang
name: Liu, Hongqiang
name: Hu, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the spatiotemporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 infections among healthcare workers (HCWs) can aid in protecting them from exposure. Existing studies related to HCW infections have emphasized infection rates and protective measures. However, the spatiotemporal patterns and related external environmental factors of HCW infections remain unclear. To fill this gap, an open-source dataset of HCW diagnoses was provided, and the spatiotemporal distributions of SARS-CoV-2 infections among HCWs in Wuhan, China were explored. A geographical detector technique was then used to investigate the impacts of hospital level, type, distance from the infection source, and other external indicators of HCW infections. The results showed that the number of daily HCW infections over time in Wuhan followed a log-normal distribution, with and its mean observed on January 23, 2020 and a standard deviation of 10.8 days. The implementation of high-impact measures, such as the lockdown of the city, may have increased the probability of HCW infections in the short term, especially for HCWs in the outer ring of Wuhan. The infection of HCWs Wuhan exhibited clear spatial heterogeneity. The number of HCW infections was higher in the central city and lower in the outer city. Moreover, HCW infections displayed significant spatial autocorrelation and dependence. Factors analyses revealed that hospital level and type had an even greater impact on HCW infections; third-class and general hospitals closer to infection sources were correlated with especially high risks of infection. These findings can aid national epidemic prevention and control departments to understand the spatiotemporal distributions of viral transmission resulting in HCW infections, as well as external influencing factors, which can facilitate the protection of HCWs in China.
Sulfur Chemistry in the Atmospheres of Warm and Hot Jupiters
Creators: name: Hobbs, Richard
name: Rimmer, Paul
name: Shorttle, Oliver
name: Madhusudhan, Nikku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and validate a new network of atmospheric thermo-chemical and photo-chemical sulfur reactions. We use a 1-D chemical kinetics model to investigate these reactions as part of a broader HCNO chemical network in a series of hot and warm Jupiters. We find that temperatures approaching $1400\,\mathrm{K}$ are favourable for the production of H2S and HS around $\mathrm{10^{-3}\,bar}$, the atmospheric level where detection by transit spectroscopy may be possible, leading to mixing ratios of around $10^{-6}$. At lower temperatures, down to $1000\,\mathrm{K}$, the abundance of S2 can be up to a mixing ratio of $10^{-5}$ at the same pressure, at the expense of H2S and HS, which are depleted down to a mixing ratio of $10^{-6}$. We also investigate how the inclusion of sulfur can manifest in an atmosphere indirectly, by its effect on the abundance of non-sulfur-bearing species. We find that in a model of the atmosphere of HD 209458 b, the inclusion of sulfur can lower the abundance of NH3, CH4 and HCN by up to two orders of magnitude around $\mathrm{10^{-3}\,bar}$. In the atmosphere of the warm Jupiter 51 Eri b, we additionally find the inclusion of sulphur depletes the peak abundance of CO2 by a factor of five, qualitatively consistent with prior models. We note that many of the reactions used in the network have poorly determined rates, especially at higher temperatures. To obtain a truly accurate idea of the impact of sulfur chemistry in hot and warm Jupiter atmospheres, new measurements of these reaction rates must take place.
description: 17 pages, 9 Figures
Agroforestry for healthy soils: monitoring soil health and impact of trees
Creators: name: Cooper, Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: agroforestry; soil health; soil assessments;

description: Julia Cooper gives a presentation on methods used for assessing soil health, and how trees in farms can help improve soil health, as part of the final UK Trees and Vegetables and Trees and Arable groups RAIN meetings, held at Gibside National Trust on 15th August 2019.
Numerical Solution for Heat and Mass Transfer of Developing Laminar Mixed Convection of Two-Dimensional Inclined Parallel Plates
Creators: name: Sompop Jarungthammachote
Publisher: name: Engineering
Year: 2015
Subjects: Laminar mixed convection,Developing flow,Flow reversal,Asymmetric boundary condition

description: 2, 10, NARESUAN UNIVERSITY ENGINEERING JOURNAL
การวิจัยและพัฒนาเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ด้วยโครงสร้างนาโน
Creators: name: สายชล ศรีแป้น
name: สุวิทย์ กิระวิทยา
Publisher: name: คณะวิศวกรรมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร
Year: 2558
Subjects: โครงสร้างนาโน,เซลล์แสงอาทิตย์,ประสิทธิภาพ

description: 2, 10, วิศวกรรมสาร มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร
Stability of NLO Global Analysis and Implications for Hadron Collider Physics
Creators: name: Huston, J.
name: Pumplin, J.
name: Stump, D.
name: Tung, W. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenology of Standard Model and New Physics at hadron colliders depends critically on results from global QCD analysis for parton distribution functions (PDFs). The accuracy of the standard next-to-leading-order (NLO) global analysis, nominally a few percent, is generally well matched to the expected experimental precision. However, serious questions have been raised recently about the stability of the NLO analysis with respect to certain inputs, including the choice of kinematic cuts on the data sets and the parametrization of the gluon distribution. In this paper, we investigate this stability issue systematically within the CTEQ framework. We find that both the PDFs and their physical predictions are stable, well within the few percent level. Further, we have applied the Lagrange Multiplier method to explore the stability of the predicted cross sections for W production at the Tevatron and the LHC, since W production is often proposed as a standard candle for these colliders. We find the NLO predictions on sigma_W to be stable well within their previously-estimated uncertainty ranges.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures. Minor changes in response to JHEP referee report
Exploring the epoch of hydrogen reionization using FRBs
Creators: name: Beniamini, Paz
name: Kumar, Pawan
name: Ma, Xiangcheng
name: Quataert, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe three different methods for exploring the hydrogen reionization epoch using fast radio bursts (FRBs) and provide arguments for the existence of FRBs at high redshift (z). The simplest way, observationally, is to determine the maximum dispersion measure (DM$_{\rm max}$) of FRBs for an ensemble that includes bursts during the reionization. The DM$_{\rm max}$ provides information regarding reionization much like the optical depth of the CMB to Thomson scattering does, and it has the potential to be more accurate than constraints from Planck, if DM$_{\rm max}$ can be measured to a precision better than 500 $\mbox{pc cm}^{-3}$. Another method is to measure redshifts of about 40 FRBs between z of 6-10 with$\sim10\%$ accuracy to obtain the average electron density in 4 different z-bins with $\sim4\%$ accuracy. These two methods don't require knowledge of the FRB luminosity function and its possible redshift evolution. Finally, we show that the reionization history is reflected in the number of FRBs per unit DM, given a fluence limited survey of FRBs that includes bursts during the reionization epoch; we show using FIRE simulations that the contributions to DM from the FRB host galaxy $\&$ CGM during the reionization era is a small fraction of the observed DM. This third method requires no redshift information but does require knowledge of the FRB luminosity function.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Representative statistical ensembles for Bose systems with broken gauge symmetry
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bose-condensed systems with broken global gauge symmetry are considered. The description of these systems, as has been shown by Hohenberg and Martin, possesses an internal inconsistency, resulting in either nonconserving theories or yielding an unphysical gap in the spectrum. The general notion of representative statistical ensembles is formulated for arbitrary statistical systems, equilibrium or not. The principal idea of this notion is the necessity of taking into account all imposed conditions that uniquely define the given statistical system. Employing such a representative ensemble for Bose-condensed systems removes all paradoxes, yielding a completely self-consistent theory, both conserving and gapless in any approximation. This is illustrated for an equilibrium uniform Bose system.
description: 43 pages, Latex file
The fixed point subalgebra of a lattice vertex operator algebra by an automorphism of order three
Creators: name: Tanabe, Kenichiro
name: Yamada, Hiromichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B69

description: We study the subalgebra of the lattice vertex operator algebra $V_{\sqrt{2}A_2}$ consisting of the fixed points of an automorphism which is induced from an order 3 isometry of the root lattice $A_2$. We classify the simple modules for the subalgebra. The rationality and the $C_2$-cofiniteness are also established.
description: 40 pages
$^6$Li Production by the Radiative Decay of Long-Lived Particles
Creators: name: Kusakabe, Motohiko
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
name: Mathews, Grant J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent spectroscopic observations of metal poor stars have indicated that both $^7$Li and $^6$Li have abundance plateaus with respect to the metallicity. Abundances of $^7$Li are about a factor three lower than the primordial abundance predicted by standard big-bang nucleosynthesis (SBBN), and $^6$Li abundances are $\sim 1/20$ of $^7$Li, whereas SBBN predicts negligible amounts of $^6$Li compared to the detected level. These discrepancies suggest that $^6$Li has another cosmological or Galactic origin than the SBBN. Furthermore, it would appear that $^7$Li (and also $^6$Li) has been depleted from its primordial abundance by some post-BBN processes. In this paper we study the possibility that the radiative decay of long-lived particles has affected the cosmological lithium abundances. We calculate the non-thermal nucleosynthesis associated with the radiative decay and explore the allowed region of the parameters specifying the properties of long-lived particles. We also impose constraints from observations of the CMB energy spectrum. We find that non-thermal nucleosynthesis produces $^6$Li at the level detected in metal poor halo stars (MPHSs), when the lifetime of the unstable particles is of the order $\sim 10^8-10^{12}$~s and their initial abundance with respect to that of the photons is $\sim (10^{-13}-10^{-12}~{\rm GeV})/E_{γ0}$, where $E_{γ0}$ is the emitted photon energy in the radiative decay. We conclude that the most likely nucleosynthetic scenario involves two different processes. First, a non-thermal cosmological nucleosynthesis associated with the radiative decay of unstable particles; and second, the stellar depletion of both of the primordial lithium isotopic abundances.
description: 12 pages, 4 Postscript figures; references added, typos corrected
A variational discrete element method for the computation of Cosserat elasticity
Creators: name: Marazzato, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The variational discrete element method developed in [28] for dynamic elasto-plastic computations is adapted to compute the deformation of elastic Cosserat materials. In addition to cellwise displacement degrees of freedom (dofs), cellwise rotational dofs are added. A reconstruction is devised to obtain P 1 non-conforming polynomials in each cell and thus constant strains and stresses in each cell. The method requires only the usual macroscopic parameters of a Cosserat material and no microscopic parameter. Numerical examples show the robustness of the method for both static and dynamic computations in two and three dimensions.
N=1/2 quiver gauge theories from open strings with R-R fluxes
Creators: name: Billo, Marco
name: Frau, Marialuisa
name: Lonegro, Fabio
name: Lerda, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a four dimensional N=1 gauge theory with bifundamental matter and a superpotential, defined on stacks of fractional branes. By turning on a flux for the R-R graviphoton field strength and computing open string amplitudes with insertions of R-R closed string vertices, we introduce a non-anticommutative deformation and obtain the N=1/2 version of the theory. We also comment on the appearance of a new structure in the effective Lagrangian.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures, JHEP class (included); some comments and a reference added
Search for radio emission from the exoplanets Qatar-1b and WASP-80b near 150 MHz using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope
Creators: name: Green, D. A.
name: Madhusudhan, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio observations made towards the exoplanets Qatar-1b and WASP-80b near 150~MHz with the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope. These targets are relatively nearby irradiated giant exoplanets, a hot Jupiter and a hot Saturn, with sizes comparable to Jupiter but different masses and lower densities. Both the targets are expected to host extended H/He envelopes like Jupiter, with comparable or larger magnetic moments. No radio emission was detected from these exoplanets, with 3sigma limits of 5.9 and 5.2 mJy for Qatar-1b and WASP-80b, respectively, from these targeted observations. These are considerably deeper limits than those available for exoplanets from wide field surveys at similar frequencies. We also present archival VLA observations of a previously reported radio source close to Vir 61 (which has three exoplanets). The VLA observations resolve the source, which we identify as an extragalactic radio source, i.e. a chance association with Vir 61. Additionally, we cross-match a recent exoplanet catalogue with the TIFR GMRT Sky Survey ADR1 radio catalogue, but do not find any convincing associations.
description: MNRAS in press
Un manoscritto smarrito della «Vita nuova»
Creators: name: Festa, Marzia
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015
Subjects: Dante; Vita nuova; codice di Pesaro; codex descriptus;

description: L’articolo si concentra sul codice di Pesaro della Vita nuova, di cui il professor Donato Pirovano ha recentemente constatato lo smarrimento.

Di fronte a tale perdita, non sappiamo se temporanea o permanente, ci siamo posti alcuni interrogativi: dal momento che un manoscritto, appartenente ai piani alti della tradizione, è disperso, come ovviare a tale perdita? Esiste una copia di questo testimone, che ci permetta di risalire all’originale?

L’analisi svolta nell’articolo ha l’obiettivo di rispondere a questa serie di domande, allo scopo di risalire a un potenziale codex descriptus del manoscritto.

Nel corso dello studio è stato presa in esame una sola papabile a questo titolo, l’edizione pesarese (1829), esemplata sul codice disperso. Al fine di accertare se l’edizione sia considerabile sostitutiva di P, abbiamo svolto una collazione tra questa e il manoscritto, servendoci dei dati del codice tramandatici dal filologo pistoiese Michele Barbi, nella sua edizione della Vita Nuova del 1932.

Il risultato a cui siamo giunti, al termine del confronto, ha decretato che l’edizione pesarese non può essere ritenuta una copia perfetta di questo prezioso testimone, poiché troppe sono le discordanze tra i due testi, ma è pur vero che, essendo stata a stretto contatto con il codice, ne rimane una ricca e importante testimonianza.
description: Carte romanze, Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
A Subhalo-Galaxy Correspondence Model of Galaxy Formation
Creators: name: Kim, Juhan
name: Park, Changbom
name: Choi, Yun-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of allocating galaxies in cosmological N-body simulations. we identify each subhalo with a galaxy, and assign luminosity and morphological type assuming that the galaxy luminosity is a monotonic function of its host subhalo mass. The morphology assignment is made by using two simple relations between subhalo mass and galaxy luminosity of different types. One is using a constant ratio in luminosity of early (E/SO) and late (S/Irr) type galaxies at a fixed subhalo mass. And the other assumes that galaxies of different morphological types but having an equal luminosity have a constant ratio in their subhalo masses. We made a series of comparisons of the properties of these simulated galaxies with those of the SDSS galaxies. The resulting simulated galaxy sample is found to successfully reproduce the observed local number density distribution except for in high density regions. The luminosity function is studied as a function of local density. It was found that the observed luminosity functions in different local density environments are overall well-reproduced by the simulated galaxies. Discrepancy is found at the bright end of the luminosity function of early types in the underdense regions and at the faint end of both morphological types in very high density regions. A significant fraction of the observed early type galaxies in voids seems to have undergone a relatively recent star formation and became brighter. The lack of faint simulated galaxies in dense regions may be due to the strong tidal force of the central halo which destroys less massive satellite subhalos around in the simulation. The mass-to-light ratio is found to depend on the local density in the way similar to that observed in the SDSS sample. (abridged)
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, submitted to ApJ
Una «vida» per due trovatori: Arnaut de Tintinhac e Peire de Valeria
Creators: name: Viel, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015
Subjects: studi trobadorici; Troubadour studies; edizione critica; critical editions; critica del testo; textual criticism

description: Il saggio presenta una nuova edizione critica delle tre poesie attribuite dagli studiosi ad Arnaut de Tintinhac, preceduta da un’ampia introduzione. Dallo studio della tradizione manoscritta dei testi, delle attribuzioni contrastanti, della toponomastica e della lingua si arriva a mettere in dubbio la paternità delle tre liriche o la loro attribuzione a un medesimo autore.

The essay proposes a new critical edition of three poems which are attributed by the scholars to Arnaut de Tintinhac; a wide introduction precedes the editions. The analysis of the manuscript tradition, the contrasting attributions, the judgement of the historical toponymy and language cast doubt on the authorship of these poems or their ascription to a single author.
description: Carte romanze, Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Anisotropic transport for $ν=2/5$ FQH state at intermediate magnetic field
Creators: name: Yang, Shi-Jie
name: Yu, Yue
name: Zhu, Bang-Fen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $ν=2/5$ state is spin-unpolarized at weak magnetic field and fully polarized at strong field. At intermediate field, a plateau of half the maximal polarization is observed. We study this phenomenon in the frame of composite fermion theory. Due to the mixing of the composite fermion Landau levels, the unidirectional charge/spin density wave state of composite fermions is lower in energy than the Wigner crystal. It means that transport anisotropy, similar to those for electrons in higher Landau levels at half fillings, may take place at this fractional quantum Hall state when the external magnetic field is in an appropriate range. When the magnetic field is tilted an angle, the easy transport direction is perpendicular to the direction of the in-plane field. Varying the partial filling factor of composite fermion Landau level from 0 to 1, we find that the energy minimum occurs in the vicinity of one-half.
description: 2 figures
Quantum cosmology from three different perspectives
Creators: name: Esposito, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our review is devoted to three promising research lines in quantum cosmology and the physics of the early universe. The nonperturbative renormalization programme is making encouraging progress that we here assess from the point of view of cosmological applications: Lagrangian and Hamiltonian form of pure gravity with variable G and Lambda; power-law inflation for pure gravity; an accelerating universe without dark energy. In perturbative quantum cosmology, on the other hand, diffeomorphism-invariant boundary conditions lead naturally to a singularity-free one-loop wave function of the universe. Last, but not least, in the braneworld picture one discovers the novel concept of cosmological wave function of the bulk space-time. Its impact on quantum cosmology and singularity avoidance is still, to a large extent, unexplored.
description: 8 pages, Latex file, invited brief review prepared for the COT5 Session of the MG11 Conference in Berlin
Fermion mass hierarchies from supersymmetric gauged flavour symmetry in 5D
Creators: name: Patel, Ketan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mechanism to generate realistic fermion mass hierarchies based on supersymmetric gauged $U(1)_F$ symmetry in flat five-dimensional (5D) spacetime is proposed. The fifth dimension is compactified on $S^1/Z_2$ orbifold. The standard model fermions charged under the extra abelian symmetry along with their superpartners live in the 5D bulk. Bulk masses of fermions are generated by the vacuum expectation value of $N=2$ superpartner of $U(1)_F$ gauge field, and they are proportional to $U(1)_F$ charges of respective fermions. This decides localization of fermions in the extra dimension, which in turn gives rise to exponentially suppressed Yukawa couplings in the effective 4D theory. Anomaly cancellation puts stringent constraints on the allowed $U(1)_F$ charges which leads to correlations between the masses of quarks and leptons. We perform an extensive numerical scan and obtain several solutions for anomaly-free $U(1)_F$, which describe the observed pattern of fermion masses and mixing with all the fundamental parameters of order unity. It is found that the possible existence of SM singlet neutrinos substantially improves the spectrum of solutions by offering more freedom in choosing $U(1)_F$ charges. The model predicts $Z^\prime$ boson mediating flavour violating interactions in both the quark and lepton sectors with the couplings which can be explicitly determined from the Yukawa couplings.
description: 20 pages, 4 tables, 1 captioned figure; V2:extended introduction and discussion on flavour violating effects from KK bosons, Results are unchanged
Minima Bonviciniana. Note sparse a margine di una recente edizione
Creators: name: Cura Curà, Giulio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015
Subjects: Bonvesin da la Riva; Libro delle tre scritture; letteratura oltremondana; fonti bibliche; testi ascetici

description: Il contributo nasce dalla lettura della recente edizione commentata del Libro delle tre scritture di Bonvesin da la Riva e propone una serie di integrazioni al commento, indicando al contempo alcune linee di ricerca meritevoli di approfondimento.
description: Carte romanze, Vol 3, No 2 (2015)
Integrable $λ$-deformations of the Euclidean black string
Creators: name: Driezen, Sibylle
name: Sfetsos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-trivial outer algebra automorphisms may be utilized in $λ$-deformations of (gauged) WZW models thus providing an efficient way to construct new integrable models. We provide two such integrable deformations of the exact coset CFT $SU(2)_k\times U(1)/U(1)_q$ with a vector and axial residual gauge. Besides the integer level $k$ and the deformation parameter $λ$, these models are characterized by the embedding parameter $q$ of the $U(1)$ factor. We show that an axial-vector T-duality persists along the deformations and, therefore, the models are canonically equivalent. We demonstrate integrability even though the space is non-symmetric and compute the $RG$-flow equations for the parameters $λ$ and $q$. Our example provides an integrable deformation of the gravitational solution representing a Euclidean three-dimensional black string.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures. v2: minor corrections and clarifications added, version to appear in NPB
Internal magnetic fields and supersymmetry in orientifolds
Creators: name: Dudas, E.
name: Timirgaziu, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the context of type I strings, we show the equivalence between BPS D9 branes with internal magnetic fluxes H_i in the three torii and non-BPS D3 branes with inverted internal magnetic fluxes 1/H_i. We then construct new supersymmetric examples of Z_2 x Z_2 orientifolds with discrete torsion which in the past had only non-supersymmetric solutions and emphasize the role of new twisted tadpole cancellation conditions, arising in the presence of magnetic fields, in order to get a consistent spectrum. In a second and independent part of the paper, we construct a new nine-dimensional type IIB orientifold with Scherk-Schwarz deformation which has the peculiarity of introducing a new type of non-BPS O9 planes and which contains as top branes a Scherk-Schwarz deformation of non-BPS D9 branes.The model contains charged D7 and D3 branes with a soft supersymmetry breaking spectrum.
description: 26 pages, LaTeX, references added
World Feed Wheat Trade: A Market Analysis
Creators: name: Riley, Peter
name: Schwartz, Sara
name: Ackerman, Karen
name: Riley, Peter
name: Schwartz, Sara
name: Ackerman, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: World trade in feed wheat fluctuates widely, but since 1985, trade has generally increased. Low relative wheat prices are the primary factor encouraging trade in feed wheat. However, the feed wheat market is relatively small, with policy impediments and other factors restricting increases in demand. Difficulties in defining feed wheat and in obtaining data on feed wheat consumption and trade hinder an empirical evaluation of trends, but a few major observations emerge from the available consumption and trade data. This paper examines the key factors affecting feed wheat trade and thus develops a framework for evaluating the conditions necessary for feed wheat trade.
Fully Threaded Transport Engine: New Method for Multi-Scale Radiative Transfer
Creators: name: Razoumov, A. O.
name: Cardall, C. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new, very fast method for 3D radiative transfer on fully threaded grids with arbitrarily high angular resolution is presented. The method uses completely cell-based discretization, and is ideally suited for problems with diffuse background radiation, often encountered in cosmological and star formation models. We find that for accurate statistical study of intergalactic Ly-alpha absorption lines one needs of order of few hundred angular discretization elements even for models without radiative feedback from star forming galaxies.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to MNRAS