cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum nuclear motion in silicene: Assessing structural and vibrational properties through path-integral simulations
Creators: name: Herrero, Carlos P.
name: del Canizo, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper explores the interplay between quantum nuclear motion and anharmonicity, which causes nontrivial effects on the structural and dynamical characteristics of silicene, a two-dimensional (2D) allotrope of silicon with interesting electronic and mechanical properties. Employing path-integral molecular dynamics (PIMD) simulations, we investigate the quantum delocalization of nuclei, unraveling its impact on the behavior of silicene at the atomic scale. Our study reveals that this delocalization induces significant deviations in the structural parameters of silicene, influencing in-plane surface area, bond lengths, angles, compressibility, and overall lattice dynamics. Through extensive simulations, we delve into the temperature-dependent behavior between 25 and 1200 K, unveiling the role of quantum nuclear fluctuations in dictating thermal expansion and phonon spectra. The extent of nuclear quantum effects is assessed by comparing results of PIMD simulations using an efficient tight-binding Hamiltonian, with those obtained from classical molecular dynamics simulations. We compare the magnitude of quantum effects in this material with those in other related 2D crystalline solids, such as graphene and SiC monolayers. The observed quantum effects showcase non-negligible deviations from classical predictions, emphasizing the need for accurate quantum treatments in understanding the material's behavior at finite temperatures. At low $T$, the 2D compression modulus of silicene decreases by a 14% due to quantum nuclear motion.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Molecular transport through a bottleneck driven by external force
Creators: name: Nakajima, Chihiro
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport phenomena of Lennard-Jones molecules through a structural bottleneck driven by an external force are investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. We observe two distinct molecular flow regimes distinguished by a critical external force $F_{c}$ and find scaling behaviors between external forces and flow rates. Below the threshold $F_{c}$, molecules are essentially stuck in the bottleneck due to the attractive interaction between the molecules, while above $F_{c}$, molecules can smoothly move in the pipe. A critical flow rate $q_{c}$ corresponding to $F_{c}$ satisfies a simple relationship with angles and the value of $q_{c}$ can be estimated by a simple argument. We further clarify the role of the temperature dependence in the molecular flows through the bottleneck.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Environmental Pollution & Public Health (Project EDDIE) used in an introductory Environmental Challenges course
Creators: name: Gass, Susan
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: Environmental health is a field of study within public health that is concerned with human-environment interactions, and specifically, how the environment influences public well-being. In this module, students will explore how environmental pollution impacts public health through comparing cancer rates of areas with known environmental pollutants to the national average through a t-test. Students can further their knowledge by comparing the concentrations of atmospheric pollutants in areas with known sources to control sites without such sources. Project EDDIE modules are designed with an A-B-C structure to make them flexible and adaptable to a range of student levels and course structures.
Genome-wide Metabolic Modeling of Human Ovarian Follicle Development
Creators: name: Koppayi, Ashwin Lakshman
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Human ovarian follicle development is a complex process of the female reproductive system. The functional unit of the ovary i.e., follicle, consist of female germ cell, Oocyte, at the center and somatic cells like Granulosa and Theca cells surrounding the oocyte. These different cell types interact with each other through intracellular and intercellular metabolic communication to produce a mature oocyte for fertilization. Development competence of the oocyte that can render a successful pregnancy depends on the accumulation of the required metabolites and other materials (e.g., proteins, transcripts) essential for later stages, such as fertilization and subsequent embryo pre-implantation. Understanding the complex dynamic and bi-directional communication between the oocyte and granulosa cells to achieve a competent oocyte will help us improve the in-vitro maturation of oocyte that has lesser side effects and cost effective compared to in-vitro fertilization because synthetic hormone is not required for hyperstimulation of ovary. Genome-wide metabolic model of the human ovarian follicle was generated by overlaying human single-cell transcriptomic data from different stages of follicle development to the latest genome-scale human metabolic model (Recon3D) using FASTCORE. Analysis of previously published single cell RNA sequencing data revealed that there were 18,741 actively transcribed genes in the oocyte samples and 17,092 actively transcribed genes in granulosa samples at the different stages of follicle development. Using an unsupervised method, we identified five different clusters that were indeed associated with the different follicular stages (i.e., primordial, primary, secondary, antral, and pre-ovulatory) and cell-type (oocyte and granulosa cells). The Follicle metabolic model contains 10,538 reactions, 3,484 metabolites and 2,954 genes that encode enzymes. As expected, the follicle metabolic model included several key follicle metabolic pathways during follicle development in vivo (such as, pyruvate metabolism, steroid metabolism, androgen and estrogen synthesis and metabolism). In summary, we have developed a human follicle metabolic model for the first time that could help to better understand the biology of human ovarian follicle development and thus serve to develop novel treatments for reproductive diseases in the future, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, or improve in vitro maturation culture system.
Synthetic control over polymorph formation in the d-band semiconductor system FeS$_2$
Creators: name: Ma, KeYuan
name: Lefèvre, Robin
name: Li, Qingtian
name: Lago, Jorge
name: Blacque, Olivier
name: Yang, Wanli
name: von Rohr, Fabian O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pyrite, also known as fool's gold is the thermodynamic stable polymorph of FeS$_2$. It is widely considered as a promising d-band semiconductor for various applications due to its intriguing physical properties. Marcasite is the other naturally occurring polymorph of FeS$_2$. Measurements on natural crystals have shown that it has similarly promising electronic, mechanical, and optical properties as pyrite. However, it has been only scarcely investigated so far, because the laboratory-based synthesis of phase-pure samples or high-quality marcasite single crystal has been a challenge until now. Here, we report the targeted phase formation via hydrothermal synthesis of marcasite and pyrite. The formation condition and phase purity of the FeS$_2$ polymorphs are systematically studied in the form of a comprehensive synthesis map. We, furthermore, report on a detailed analysis of marcasite single crystal growth by a space-separated hydrothermal synthesis. We observe that single phase product of marcasite forms only on the surface under the involvement of H$_2$S and sulphur vapor. The availability of high-quality crystals of marcasite allows us to measure the fundamental physical properties, including an allowed direct optical bandgap of 0.76 eV, temperature independent diamagnetism, an electronic transport gap of 0.11 eV, and a room-temperature carrier concentration of 4.14 $\times$ 10$^{18}$ cm$^{-3}$. X-ray absorption/emission spectroscopy are employed to measure the band gap of the two FeS$_2$ phases. We find marcasite has a band gap of 0.73 eV, while pyrite has a band gap of 0.87 eV. Our results indicate that marcasite -- that is now synthetically available in a straightforward fashion -- is as equally promising as pyrite as candidate for various semiconductor applications based on earth abundant elements.
description: Supporting Information available at publisher's page: https://www.rsc.org/suppdata/d1/sc/d1sc03026d/d1sc03026d1.pdf
title: ¿Has probado el VIBE en la RM cardíaca?
Creators: name: Capelastegui Alber, Ana
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: MR
subject: Technical aspects

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Exponer las ventajas de incluir la secuencia VIBE en los protocolos de RM cardíaca. Ilustrar las aplicaciones de esta secuencia en la valoración de patología cardíaca y extracardíaca a nivel del...
Thermal crosstalk of X-ray transition-edge sensor micro-calorimeters under frequency domain multiplexing readout
Creators: name: Vaccaro, Davide
name: Akamatsu, Hiroki
name: Bruijn, Marcel P.
name: Gottardi, Luciano
name: Hartog, Roland den
name: van der Kuur, Jan
name: van der Linden, A. J.
name: Nagayoshi, Kenichiro
name: Ravensberg, Kevin
name: Ridder, Marcel L.
name: Taralli, Emanuele
name: de Wit, Martin
name: Gao, Jian-Rong
name: Hoogeveen, Ruud W. M.
name: Herder, Jan-Willem A. den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured and characterized the thermal crosstalk in two different arrays of transition-edge sensor (TES) X-ray micro-calorimeters with frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM) readout. The TES arrays are fabricated at SRON and are a 8$\times$8 and a 32$\times$32 "kilo-pixel" uniform array. The amount of crosstalk is evaluated as the ratio between the averaged crosstalk signal and the X-ray pulse amplitudes. The crosstalk ratios (CR) for our detectors are compliant with the requirements for future X-ray space missions, such as Athena X-IFU (CR$< 10^{-3}$ for first-neighbour pixels): we measured a nearest-neighbour thermal crosstalk ratio at a level of $10^{-4}$, with a highest crosstalk ratio of $4\times 10^{-4}$ for the kilo-pixel array (worst case, center of array) and $1\times 10^{-4}$ for the 8$\times$8 array, with a margin of improvement achievable by optimizing the Cu metallization and the width of the Si supporting structures (muntins) in the backside of the TES array chip. Based on the measured crosstalk ratios, we have estimated the impact on the spectral resolution by means of noise equivalent power (NEP) considerations and a Monte Carlo simulation, finding an average degradation in quadrature of less than 40~meV, compliant with the < 0.2~eV requirement for Athena X-IFU.
Merging of Components in Close Binaries: Type Ia Supernovae, Massive White Dwarfs, and Ap stars
Creators: name: Bogomazov, A. I.
name: Tutukov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "Scenario Machine" (a computer code designed for studies of the evolution of close binaries) was used to carry out a population synthesis for a wide range of merging astrophysical objects: main-sequence stars with main-sequence stars; white dwarfs with white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes; neutron stars with neutron stars and black holes; and black holes with black holes.We calculate the rates of such events, and plot the mass distributions for merging white dwarfs and main-sequence stars. It is shown that Type Ia supernovae can be used as standard candles only after approximately one billion years of evolution of galaxies. In the course of this evolution, the average energy of Type Ia supernovae should decrease by roughly 10%; the maximum and minimum energies of Type Ia supernovae may differ by no less than by a factor of 1.5. This circumstance should be taken into account in estimations of parameters of acceleration of the Universe. According to theoretical estimates, the most massive - as a rule, magnetic - white dwarfs probably originate from mergers of white dwarfs of lower mass. At least some magnetic Ap and Bp stars may form in mergers of low-mass main sequence stars (<1.5 mass of the Sun) with convective envelopes.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
title: Tumores raros de la próstata: mas allá del adenocarcinoma.
Creators: name: Llano, Sarah
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Pelvis
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Ante la aparición de una tumoración de origen prostático casi con total seguridad se puede hablar de adenocarcinoma de próstata.
Sin embargo no debemos olvidar que existen otras variedades histológicas de cáncer de próstata (aproximadamente...
Growth and soil carbon dynamics of short rotation coppice species (Willow and Poplar) under variable nutrient and water availability
Creators: name: Kemp, Leigh-Anne
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: Short rotation coppice (SRC) bioenergy crops are an attractive option to
 reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from primary energy
 production and agriculture. Fast-growing, high-yield SRC crops sequester
 large amounts of carbon in biomass, require minimum input, and can be
 grown on marginal land. However, we do not know how the carbon dynamics of
 SRC crops will be affected by future climate changes. Given that crops
 grown on marginal land often require nutrient additions and are subject to
 large fluctuations in soil moisture, I assessed the potential for
 inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and fertilization to
 mitigate or exacerbate the effects of extreme weather events (drought and
 flood) on the growth, biomass, and soil GHG emissions of two SRC crop
 species (willow and poplar). I hypothesised that fertilization and AMF
 inoculation would mitigate the effects of extreme weather events on crop
 growth and biomass, but that nutrient addition would increase soil GHG
 emissions after drought and during flooding. My mesocosm experiments
 demonstrated that biomass increased by 26% with AMF inoculation and by 56%
 with nitrogen (N) addition. However, AMF inoculation stabilised soil CO2
 emissions during a drought-rewetting event, whereas N-addition resulted in
 higher soil CO2 emissions during rewetting and after the drought.
 Furthermore, N-addition boosted soil CO2 and methane (CH4) emissions
 during flooding. Importantly, soil CO2 or CH4 emissions during flooding
 were higher in N-fertilized trees with a history of drought, and drought
 resulted in lower leaf biomass at the start of the subsequent growing
 season. The body of work presented in this thesis provides strong evidence
 that fertilization of SRC crops could increase soil GHG emissions during
 extreme weather events, and highlights promising new avenues for
 investigation into AMF inoculation as a potential alternative to boost SRC
 crop yield and resilience to drought.
Antibiotic Prescriptions of Pediatric Dentists in a University and Adherence to Official Guidelines
Creators: name: Baik, Justin J
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Hypothesis and Objective: The hypothesis of the study was that there was no difference between the antibiotic (AB) prescribing practices of dentists at the university-based pediatric dental clinic and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) best practice recommendations for antibiotic prescribing. The objective of this retrospective cross-sectional study was to review the AB prescribing practices of dentists at the Pediatric Dentistry Department, UIC and to evaluate these practices against the current AAPD best practice AB prescribing recommendations. Methods: The electronic health record system was searched to obtain all pediatric patient records that had AB prescriptions for odontogenic infections in the period from 03/10/2018 to 06/02/2020. Strict inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, and a final study sample identified. The day notes of the subjects corresponding to AB prescriptions were accessed for information regarding the dental problem requiring antibiotic, as well as AB type, dose, frequency, duration, and patient demographics. The collected information was categorized and analyzed. Prescribing practices were evaluated against the latest AAPD best practice recommendations. Two trained and calibrated examiners independently assessed the data for determination of appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing. Disagreements were resolved. The inter- and intra-examiner reliability was assessed using Cohen’s Kappa. Results: The final sample included 279 subjects (54.8% male, 49.5% White, 37.3% Hispanic). The compliance with AAPD prescribing guidance was 100% for type, duration, frequency and 93.5% for AB dosing. Only 61.6% of the prescriptions were justified according to diagnosis and systemic involvement. Examiner reliability was excellent with κ>0.88. Conclusions: The adherence to AAPD guidelines was found to be medium with 38.2% of AB prescriptions deemed inappropriate. Statistically significantly more inappropriate prescriptions were given to medically compromised patients, syndromic patients, children younger than 7 years of age and patients presenting with a dental problem associated with a permanent tooth. Funding: None IRB/ACC Protocol #: 2020-0717.
Group-9 Transition Metal Suboxides Adopting the Filled-Ti$_2$Ni Structure: A Class of Superconductors Exhibiting Exceptionally High Upper Critical Fields
Creators: name: Ma, KeYuan
name: Lefèvre, Robin
name: Gornicka, Karolina
name: Jeschke, Harald O.
name: Zhang, Xiaofu
name: Guguchia, Zurab
name: Klimczuk, Tomasz
name: von Rohr, Fabian O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ti$_2$Ni and the related $η$-carbide structure are known to exhibit various intriguing physical properties. The Ti$_2$Ni structure with the cubic space group $Fd\bar{3}m$ is surprisingly complex, consisting of a unit cell with 96 metal atoms. The related $η$-carbide compounds correspond to a filled version of the Ti$_2$Ni structure. Here, we report on the structure and superconductivity in the $η$-carbide type suboxides Ti$_4$M$_2$O with M = Co, Rh, Ir. We have successfully synthesized all three compounds in single phase form. We find all three compounds to be type-II bulk superconductors with transition temperatures of $T_{\rm c}$ = 2.7, 2.8, and 5.4 K, and with normalized specific heat jumps of $ΔC/γT_{\rm c}$ = 1.65, 1.28, and 1.80 for Ti$_4$Co$_2$O, Ti$_4$Rh$_2$O, and Ti$_4$Ir$_2$O, respectively. We find that all three superconductors, exhibit high upper-critical fields. Particularly noteworthy is Ti$_4$Ir$_2$O with an upper critical field of $μ_0 H_{\rm c2}{\rm (0)}$ =~16.06~T, which exceeds by far the weak-coupling Pauli limit of 9.86~T. The role of the void filling light atom X has so far been uncertain for the overall physical properties of these materials. Herein, we have successfully grown single crystals of Ti$_2$Co. In contrast to the metallic $η$-carbide type suboxides Ti$_4$M$_2$O, we find that Ti$_2$Co displays a semimetallic behavior. Hence, the octahedral void-filling oxygen plays a crucial role for the overall physical properties, even though its effect on the crystal structure is small. Our results indicate that the design of new superconductors by incorporation of electron-acceptor atoms may in the Ti$_2$Ni-type structures and other materials with crystallographic void position be a promising future approach. The remarkably high upper critical fields, in this family of compounds, may furthermore spark significant future interest.
description: Submitted: 3. August 2021, published: 1. November 2021, Supporting Information at publisher's page: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c02683/suppl_file/cm1c02683_si_001.pdf
title: Pancreatitis del surco, una entidad desafiante
Creators: name: Carbonell Casañ, Isabel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Cholangiography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
La pancreatitis del surco (PS) es una forma poco común de pancreatitis crónica.
El diagnóstico por imagen es complicado y algunos pacientes deben someterse a diagnósticos invasivos para descartar lesiones malignidas del territorio...
Thomson scattering from a Z-pinch discharge in helium
Creators: name: Hilko, Brian Kent
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The plasma of a Z-pinch discharge formed in helium is investigated by Thomson scattering of ruby laser light. Measurements were made at a position 3 cm off axis where radial motion of the collapsing plasma shell is arrested. Preliminary results show that the peak electron density in the plasma shell is ~3 x 10¹⁶ cm⁻³ with a temperature of 1.7 eV. Both the ion and electron feature of the scattered profile were observed.
Collider constraints on interactions of dark energy with the Standard Model
Creators: name: Brax, Philippe
name: Burrage, Clare
name: Davis, Anne-Christine
name: Seery, David
name: Weltman, Amanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study models in which a light scalar dark energy particle couples to the gauge fields of the electroweak force, the photon, Z and W bosons. Our analysis applies to a large class of interacting dark energy models, including those in which the dark energy mass can be adjusted to evade fifth-force bounds by the so-called chameleon mechanism. We conclude that--with the usual choice of Higgs sector--electroweak precision observables are screened from the indirect effects of dark energy, making such corrections effectively unobservable at present-day colliders, and limiting the dark energy discovery potential of any future International Linear Collider. We show that a similar screening effect applies to processes mediated by flavour-changing neutral currents, which can be traced to the Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani mechanism. However, Higgs boson production at the Large Hadron Collider via weak boson fusion may receive observable corrections.
description: 39 pages, 8 figures, uses ioplatex.sty and feynmp. v2: Matches version accepted by JHEP; extended discussion of straight corrections, summarized in the text and described in detail in a new Appendix A. Conclusions unchanged
Hidden Pathways: A Study into the Desistance Process of African American Male Violence Prevention Workers
Creators: name: Tillmon, Chico A
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Abstract This qualitative study explored African American male ex-offenders who currently work in violence prevention and who reside in the city of Chicago desistance from crime process. It was conducted from February 2020 through August of 2020. The purpose of the study was to explore the authentic shared experiences of participants and deepen our understanding of their desistance process. It is important to note, I am an individual with similar lived experiences as the participants and rest on the inside of the insider and outsider continuum. This study sought to explore the research question: How do marginalized African American male ex-offenders who currently work in violence prevention and who reside in the city of Chicago understand their desistance from crime? The limited current body of literature exploring desistance among marginalized African American ex-offenders working in violence prevention convinced me that it would be most appropriate to employ qualitative interviewing using an interpretive constructionist perspective. The conceptual framework collectively with the research design created an opportunity to permit the voices of marginalized African ex-offenders who work in violence prevention in urban settings to be heard. Qualitative interviewing was necessary to understand what the desistance process looked like for African American male ex-offenders in marginalized communities on Chicago’s west side, and to discover how they defined successful desistance. Qualitative interviewing using an interpretive constructionist perspective allowed me to understand and describe the processes, conditions, challenges, culture, and the participants’ definition of ‘successfully’ abstaining from breaking the law. While qualitative methods seek to capture the rich complexities of social worlds and individual lived experiences, it is also grounded in human behavior and seeks to understand why people act in a particular manner (Marshall & Rossman, 1999).
PATIENTS WITH ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN
Creators: name: Tureniyazova, Ayimgul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Oncological diseases are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The Republic of Karakalpakstan, a region with unique environmental and socio-economic conditions, has witnessed a significant prevalence of cancer cases. This paper aims to analyze the epidemiology of oncological diseases in Karakalpakstan, exploring contributing factors such as ecological issues, lifestyle, and healthcare infrastructure. The study also highlights the current diagnostic and treatment approaches, challenges faced by patients, and recommendations for improving cancer care in the region.
title: Tratamiento de la invaginación intestinal en edad pediátrica
Creators: name: García Suárez, Laura
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Abdomen
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Fluoroscopy

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Revisar los principales hallazgos diagnósticos de invaginación en ecografía y las imágenes sugestivas de desinvaginación. Comparar la eficacia de la reducción de la invaginación intestinal con los métodos terapeúticos utilizados en nuestro...
On the effectiveness of insider dealing regulations
Creators: name: Mirrakhimov, Rustam
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: Insider dealing can undermine the integrity of the financial system by
 vitiating the normal efficiency of financial markets and corroding
 investors' confidence. Insider dealing is a threat and should be
 minimised to keep UK capital markets clean and attractive for sustainable
 growth. This thesis will aim to examine the effectiveness of insider
 dealing regulations in the UK by investigating into the challenges to
 enforcement and will present a novel form of evaluation of the deterrent
 effect of civil financial sanctions.

 This inter-disciplinary thesis will approach this task by regarding some
 challenges to enforcement of insider dealing regulations as ineradicable,
 i.e., those challenges being associated with the nature of insider
 dealing, and some challenges will be deemed to be rectifiable, such as a
 properly devised deterrence-based enforcement strategy. The two sets of
 challenges will be reduced to a quantification issue, that is, the
 Financial Conduct Authority cannot, at least constantly, precisely
 quantify the illegal gains from insider dealing and the ambiguous nature
 of disgorgement, as a financial penalty component. On the basis of these
 considerations, the thesis will put forward a theoretical two-step metric
 for evaluating a deterrent effect in civil financial sanctions. This
 metric is original in a number of ways, (1) it will subsume the discussed
 challenges and treat them as the underlying assumptions and (2) it will
 infer a deterrent effect from the observed enforced civil cases. The
 results obtained from the two-step metric indicate that in around half of
 the selected civil cases the financial sanctions were lower than the
 quantified illegal gains. Therefore, insider dealing regulations in the UK
 are not effective. The thesis will also examine whether the level of
 quantified ill-gotten gains from insider dealing standing alone has
 influenced the magnitude of a civil financial sanction. By applying a
 one-way ANOVA test, it will be observed no statistically significant
 relationship between the aforementioned impact factor and the three
 penalty groups.
title: Patología medular aguda en urgencias
Creators: name: Gamero Medina, Verónica
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: MR

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
A través de este trabajo queremos transmitir la gran importancia que tiene el correcto manejo en urgencias de la patología medular aguda.
Ante la sospecha,
un rápido diagnóstico y pautar el tratamiento más efectivo para cada entidad,
nos...
New Galactic $β$ Lyrae-type Binaries Showing Superorbital Photometric Cycles
Creators: name: García, Gonzalo Rojas
name: Mennickent, Ronald
name: Iwanek, Patrik
name: Gorrini, Paula
name: Garcés, Juan
name: Soszyński, Igor
name: Astudillo-Defru, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of 32 new double periodic variables (DPVs) located toward the Galactic bulge. We found these objects among the nearly half a million binary stars published by the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment project. With this discovery, we increase the number of known DPVs in the Milky Way by a factor of 2. The new set of DPVs contains 31 eclipsing binaries and one ellipsoidal variable star. The orbital periods cover the range from 1.6 to 26 days, while long periods are detected between 47 and 1144 days. Our analysis confirms a known correlation between orbital and long periods that is also observed in similar systems in the Magellanic Clouds.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Dirac oscillator in an external magnetic field
Creators: name: Mandal, Bhabani Prasad
name: Verma, Shweta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that 2+1 dimensional Dirac oscillators in an external magnetic field is mapped onto the same with reduced angular frequency in absence of magnetic field. This can be used to study the atomic transitions in a radiation field. Relativistic Landau levels are constructed explicitly. Several interesting features of this system are discussed.
description: Revised Version, Latex, 9 pages, No figs, To appear in Phys. Lett. A
Pilot Agreement
Creators: name: Martin, Laura Maria
name: Iamkovaia, Mariia
name: Real, Juan Ramon
name: Kolb, Virginia
name: Lahens, Olivia
name: Montier, Tristan
name: Miliou, Eleni
name: Vučković, Marko
name: Šćulac, Toni
name: Balić, Nikola
name: Krole, Rasa
name: Bataretu, Florin
name: Charalambos, Chasos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: pilot agreement

description: Pilot agreement with Alliances in which there is mutual interest and, finally, developing a mutual understanding of the barriers and accelerators of thistype of inter-alliance research network. This task improves our knowledge of common research interests with other Alliances with which we share a specialization profile.
Stability, stabilizability and exact controllability of a class of linear neutral type systems
Creators: name: Rabah, Rabah
name: Sklyar, Grigory M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93B05, 93C23, 34K06

description: Linear systems of neutral type are considered using the infinite dimensional approach. The main problems are asymptotic, non-exponential stability, exact controllability and regular asymptotic stabilizability. The main tools are the moment problem approach, the Riesz basis of invariant subspaces and the Riesz basis of family of exponentials.
description: Conf\'erence pl\'eni\`ere
N = 2 world-sheet approach to D-branes on generalized Kaehler geometries: I. General formalism
Creators: name: Sevrin, Alexander
name: Staessens, Wieland
name: Wijns, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an N = 2 world-sheet superspace description of D-branes on bihermitian or generalized Kaehler manifolds. To accomplish this, D-branes are considered as boundary conditions for a nonlinear sigma-model in what we call N = 2 boundary superspace. In this note the general formalism for such an approach is presented and the resulting classification sketched. This includes some remarks regarding target spaces whose parameterization includes semi-chiral superfields which have not appeared in the literature yet. In an accompanying note we turn to some examples and applications of the general setup presented here.
description: 7 pages, contribution to the proceedings of the Fourth Workshop of the RTN project 'Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe', Varna, September 11 - 17, 2008
Spin 3/2 dimer model
Creators: name: Rachel, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a parent Hamiltonian for weakly dimerized valence bond solid states for arbitrary half-integral S. While the model reduces for S=1/2 to the Majumdar-Ghosh Hamiltonian we discuss this model and its properties for S=3/2. Its degenerate ground state is the most popular toy model state for discussing dimerization in spin 3/2 chains. In particular, it describes the impurity induced dimer phase in Cr8Ni as proposed recently. We point out that the explicit construction of the Hamiltonian and its main features apply to arbitrary half-integral spin S.
description: 5+ pages, 6 figures; to appear in Europhysics Letters
VLTI-MATISSE L- and N-band aperture-synthesis imaging of the unclassified B[e] star FS Canis Majoris
Creators: name: Hofmann, K. -H.
name: Bensberg, A.
name: Schertl, D.
name: Weigelt, G.
name: Wolf, S.
name: Meilland, A.
name: Millour, F.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
name: Kraus, S.
name: Ohnaka, K.
name: Lopez, B.
name: Petrov, R. G.
name: Lagarde, S.
name: Berio, Ph.
name: Allouche, F.
name: Robbe-Dubois, S.
name: Jaffe, W.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Paladini, C.
name: Schöller, M.
name: Mérand, A.
name: Glindemann, A.
name: Beckmann, U.
name: Heininger, M.
name: Bettonvil, F.
name: Zins, G.
name: Woillez, J.
name: Bristow, P.
name: Stee, P.
name: Vakili, F.
name: van Boekel, R.
name: Hogerheijde, M. R.
name: Dominik, C.
name: Augereau, J. -C.
name: Matter, A.
name: Hron, J.
name: Pantin, E.
name: Rivinius, Th.
name: de Wit, W. -J.
name: Varga, J.
name: Klarmann, L.
name: Meisenheimer, K.
name: Rosas, V. Gámez
name: Burtscher, L.
name: Leftley, J.
name: Isbell, J. W.
name: Yoffe, G.
name: Kokoulina, E.
name: Danchi, W. C.
name: Cruzalèbes, P.
name: de Souza, A. Domiciano
name: Drevon, J.
name: Hocdé, V.
name: Kreplin, A.
name: Labadie, L.
name: Connot, C.
name: Nußbaum, E.
name: Lehmitz, M.
name: Antonelli, P.
name: Graser, U.
name: Leinert, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: FS Canis Majoris (FS CMa, HD 45677) is an unclassified B[e] star surrounded by an inclined dust disk. The evolutionary stage of FS CMa is still debated. Perpendicular to the circumstellar disk, a bipolar outflow was detected. Infrared aperture-synthesis imaging provides us with a unique opportunity to study the disk structure. Aims: Our aim is to study the intensity distribution of the disk of FS CMa in the mid-infrared L and N bands. Methods: We performed aperture-synthesis imaging of FS CMa with the MATISSE instrument (Multi AperTure mid-Infrared SpectroScopic Experiment) in the low spectral resolution mode to obtain images in the L and N bands. We computed radiative transfer models that reproduce the L- and N-band intensity distributions of the resolved disks. Results: We present L- and N-band aperture-synthesis images of FS CMa reconstructed in the wavelength bands of 3.4-3.8 and 8.6-9.0 micrometer. In the L-band image, the inner rim region of an inclined circumstellar disk and the central object can be seen with a spatial resolution of 2.7 milliarcsec (mas). An inner disk cavity with an angular diameter of 6x12mas is resolved. The L-band disk consists of a bright northwestern (NW) disk region and a much fainter southeastern (SE) region. The images suggest that we are looking at the bright inner wall of the NW disk rim, which is on the far side of the disk. In the N band, only the bright NW disk region is seen. In addition to deriving the inclination and the inner disk radius, fitting the reconstructed brightness distributions via radiative transfer modeling allows one to constrain the innermost disk structure, in particular the shape of the inner disk rim.
description: accepted for publication in A&A
Illinois Head Start Programs Respond to COVID-19
Creators: name: Silver, H. Callie
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of daily life, in ways that the world has never seen before. Health, economic, and psychological concerns have been at an all-time high, particularly for low-income populations. The long-standing, two-generation poverty reduction and early childhood program, Head Start/Early Head Start (HS/EHS), was forced to temporarily shut its center doors for several months in the Spring of 2020. Since its inception, the Head Start model has emphasized both family engagement and social-emotional learning as important mechanisms to promote child well-being and success. As the pandemic interrupted classroom-based and in-person activities, resourceful programs continued to support children and families in novel ways. This study aimed to capture this creativity and identify pathways by which programs maintained relationships with families and children’s social-emotional development throughout the pandemic. Illinois HS/EHS center directors were interviewed at two time points (August/September 2020 and November 2020) to capture their program’s practices before, during, and after shut downs. In partnership with the Illinois Head Start Association, participants (N=20) were recruited through purposeful sampling techniques to ensure representation of various center characteristics (e.g. geography, urbanity, ages served). Findings from this study contribute to an ongoing early childhood care and education conversation about what a post-pandemic world should look like to best meet the needs of children and families. Among these include the necessity for programs to utilize personalized communication strategies with families, support caregiver engagement at-home, expand conceptualizations of social emotional learning, and continue to provide wrap-around resources for families. This study also provides insight into any future center closures, whether they occur as a result of disease or other reason. Through a collaborative, strengths-based approach, this study seeks to directly inform practice and policy of Head Start programs in Illinois and nationwide, while guiding the rest of the early childhood care and education field, which for decades has looked to Head Start as an exemplar.
Universal trend of charge radii of even-even Ca-Zn nuclei
Creators: name: Kortelainen, Markus
name: Sun, Zhonghao
name: Hagen, Gaute
name: Nazarewicz, Witold
name: Papenbrock, Thomas
name: Reinhard, Paul-Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radii of nuclear charge distributions carry information about the strong and electromagnetic forces acting inside the atomic nucleus. While the global behavior of nuclear charge radii is governed by the bulk properties of nuclear matter, their local trends are affected by quantum motion of proton and neutron nuclear constituents. The measured differential charge radii $δ\langle r^2_c\rangle$ between neutron numbers $N=28$ and $N=40$ exhibit a universal pattern as a function of $n=N-28$ that is independent of the atomic number. Here we analyze this remarkable behavior in even-even nuclei from calcium to zinc using two state-of-the-art theories based on quantified nuclear interactions: the ab-initio coupled cluster theory and nuclear density functional theory. Both theories reproduce the smooth rise of differential charge radii and their weak dependence on the atomic number. By considering a large set of isotopic chains, we show that this trend can be captured by just two parameters: the slope and curvature of ${δ\langle r^2_c\rangle(n)}$. We demonstrate that these parameters show appreciable model dependence, and the statistical analysis indicates that they are not correlated with any single model property, i.e., they are impacted by both bulk nuclear properties as well as shell structure.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
title: Kleine Spuren der Geschichte : Briefliche Rhetorik als Zeitzeugnis
Creators: name: Hegel, Philipp
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2025

description: Ausgehend von zwei Konzepten der hermeneutischen Tradition, der Parallelstellenmethode und dem von Dilthey so genannten »Lebenshorizont«, wird zunächst deren mögliche Verbindung im Kontext philologischen Arbeitens skizziert. Aufgegriffen werden dabei insbesondere Problematisierungen der Parallelstellenmethode im Zusammenhang mit literarischen Texten. Die Methode kann aber genutzt werden, um Hypothesen über Textstellen zu erzeugen oder zu überprüfen. Sie kann auch genutzt werden, um Hypothesen über die Verbreitung von Themenfeldern innerhalb eines Korpus zu erzeugen oder zu überprüfen und so ein Mittel bei der Rekonstruktion von Lebenshorizonten sein. Abschließend werden diese hermeneutische Methode und dieser hermeneutische Begriff im Rahmen einer rhetorischen Analyse einiger Stellen aus zwei Konvoluten des Koblenzer Liebesbriefarchivs angewendet. Aufgezeigt werden dabei Möglichkeiten und Grenzen, Briefe mit Parallelen innerhalb und außerhalb des jeweiligen Konvolutes zu erläutern. Überschneidungen können so auf thematische Bündelungen und Streuungen einer bestimmten Zeit hindeuten. Gezeigt werden soll ferner, dass auch unterschiedliche rhetorische Verfahren in alltäglicher Kommunikation Hinweise auf in mehreren Teilen des Korpus angesprochene Themenfelder geben können, zu denen die Schreibenden sich meinen verhalten zu müssen.
Quarrels without God: Nineteenth-Century American Literature in the Age of Secularism
Creators: name: Buchmeier, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Quarrels without God investigates the linked emergence of literary realism and secularism, showing that secularism was never primarily interested in eliminating religious belief or in disguising religion as something more neutral. Rather, secularism produced an epistemological order predicated on the opposition between the secular and the religious, an opposition made possible only by the survival of religion. From this standpoint, I argue that from Hawthorne’s Custom-House preface and Wilson’s Our Nig through Phelps’s The Gates Ajar and Melville’s Billy Budd, realism preserves the romance by continually producing it as one of its own modes of representation. The literary texts, when read in this light, also come into view as something of a shadow archive of secularism in the nineteenth century. The authors constellated together here, as they grapple with the secularizing society, end up giving formal shape to what critics of secularism have so far found ethereal. The figure of the narrator, moreover, emerges as a potent tool, which authors will use to critically examine and challenge the emerging secularist formation of the public by linking the literary text to questions of embodiment, conversion, and epistemology.
The Pulsar Contribution to the Gamma-Ray Background
Creators: name: Faucher-Giguere, C. -A.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the contribution of Galactic pulsars, both ordinary and millisecond pulsars (MSPs), to the high-energy (>100 MeV) gamma-ray background. We pay particular attention to the high-latitude part of the background that could be confused with an extragalactic component in existing analyses that subtract a Galactic cosmic-ray model. Our pulsar population models are calibrated to the results of large-scale radio surveys and we employ a simple empirical gamma-ray luminosity calibration to the spin-down rate that provides a good fit to existing data. We find that while ordinary pulsars are expected to contribute only a fraction ~10^-3 of the high-latitude gamma-ray intensity (I_X~1x10^-5 ph s^-1 cm^-2 sr^-1), MSPs could provide a much larger contribution and even potentially overproduce it, depending on the model parameters. We explore these dependences using a range of MSP models as a guide to how gamma-ray measurements can usefully constrain the MSP population. Existing gamma-ray background measurements and source counts already rule out several models. Finally, we show how fluctuations in the gamma-ray sky can be used to distinguish between different sources of the background.
description: 20 pages, including 3 figures, accepted by JCAP
Production and diffusion of muonium in powdered silica
Creators: name: Marshall, Glen Murray
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The first direct observation of the atomic state of the muon (muonium) in a finely powdered sample of SiO₂ (silica) is reported, with evidence of muonium diffusion into a vacuum. The formation technique, first used in the study of the positron atomic state (positronium), has been extended and modified to suit the particular requirements of a beam of surface muons presently available at TRIUMF. Some emphasis is placed on a description of the muon beam, its operation, and the problems inherent in the successful use of these low energy, nearly monokinetic, polarized particles. The basic method of MSR (muonium spin rotation) as it applies to the experimental circumstances is reviewed. The use of powder targets of this kind is examined in the context of possible experiments in weak interactions, diffusion studies, and gas chemistry.