cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetization induced local electric dipoles and multiferroic properties of Ba2CoGe2O7
Creators: name: Solovyev, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ba2CoGe2O7, crystallizing in the noncentrosymmetric but nonpolar structure, belongs to a special class of multiferroic materials, whose properties are predetermined by the rotoinversion symmetry. Unlike inversion, the rotoinversion symmetry can be easily destroyed by the magnetization. Moreover, due to specific structural pattern, the magnetic structure of Ba2CoGe2O7 is relatively soft. Altogether, this leads to the rich variety of multiferroic properties, where the magnetic structure can be easily deformed by the magnetic field, inducing the electric polarization in the direction, which depends on the direction of the magnetic field. In this paper, we show that all these properties can be successfully explained on the basis of realistic low-energy model, derived from the first-principles electronic structure calculations for the magnetically active Co 3d bands, and the Berry-phase theory of electric polarization. Particularly, we argue that the magnetization induced electric polarization in Ba2CoGe2O7 is essentially local and expressed via the expectation values of some dipole matrices, calculated in the Wannier basis of the model, and the site-diagonal density matrices of the magnetic Co sites. Thus, the basic aspects of the behavior of Ba2CoGe2O7 can be understood already in the atomic limit, where both magnetic anisotropy and magnetoelectric coupling are specified by density matrix. Then, the macroscopic polarization can be found as a superposition of electric dipoles of the individual Co sites. We discuss the behavior of interatomic magnetic interactions, main contributions to the magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the spin canting, as well as the similarities and differences of the proposed picture from the phenomenological model of spin-dependent p-d hybridization.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
Influence of age and industry experience on learning experiences and outcomes in virtual reality mines rescue training
Creators: name: Pedram, S
name: Palmisano, Stephen
name: Miellet, Sebastien
name: Farrelly, M
name: Perez, P
Publisher: name: University of Wollongong
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 4608
subject: Human-centred computing
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences
classificationCode: 4607
subject: Graphics, augmented reality and games

description: This study examined the effects of age and industry expertise on trainees’ state of mind before, learning experiences during, and outcomes following virtual reality (VR) mines rescue training. The trainees were 284 mine rescue brigadesmen attending group VR training sessions run by Coal Services NSW. They were aged between 24 and 64 years and had up to 40 years of mines rescue experience. Questionnaire data and learning outcome measures showed that these miners were able to effectively engage with, and learn from, this VR training regardless of their age or mining experience. While the older trainees initially reported higher levels of stress and had less gaming experience, their experiences during VR training were very similar (although reports that the VR technology sometimes did not meet the task requirements did increase with age). Crucially, the perceived learning outcomes of this VR training were unaffected by age or field experience.
Comparison of Different Approaches to Confounding Adjustment in a Study on the Association of Antipsychotic Medication With Mortality in Older Nursing Home Patients
Creators: name: Brookhart, M. Alan
name: Huybrechts, Krista F.
name: Crystal, Stephen
name: Rothman, Kenneth J.
name: Silliman, Rebecca A.
name: Gerhard, Tobias
name: Schneeweiss, Sebastian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Selective prescribing of conventional antipsychotic medication (APM) to frailer patients is thought to have led to overestimation of the association with mortality in pharmacoepidemiologic studies relying on claims data. The authors assessed the validity of different analytic techniques to address such confounding. The cohort included 82,012 persons initiating APM use after admission to a nursing home in 45 states with 2001–2005 Medicaid/Medicare data, linked to clinical data (Minimum Data Set) and institutional characteristics. The authors compared the association between APM class and 180-day mortality with multivariate outcome modeling, propensity score (PS) adjustment, and instrumental variables. The unadjusted risk difference (per 100 patients) of 10.6 (95% confidence interval (CI): 9.4, 11.7) comparing use of conventional medication with atypical APM was reduced to 7.8 (95% CI: 6.6, 9.0) and 7.0 (95% CI: 5.8, 8.2) after PS adjustment and high-dimensional PS (hdPS) adjustment, respectively. Results were similar in analyses limited to claims-based Medicaid /Medicare variables (risk difference = 8.2 for PS, 7.1 for hdPS). Instrumental-variable estimates were imprecise (risk difference = 8.8, 95% CI: −1.3, 19.0) because of the weak instrument. These results suggest that residual confounding has a relatively small impact on the effect estimate and that hdPS methods based on claims alone provide estimates at least as good as those from conventional analyses using claims enriched with clinical information.
Covariate Selection in High-Dimensional Propensity Score Analyses of Treatment Effects in Small Samples
Creators: name: Brookhart, M. Alan
name: Schneeweiss, Sebastian
name: Rassen, Jeremy A.
name: Glynn, Robert J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: To reduce bias by residual confounding in nonrandomized database studies, the high-dimensional propensity score (hd-PS) algorithm selects and adjusts for previously unmeasured confounders. The authors evaluated whether hd-PS maintains its capabilities in small cohorts that have few exposed patients or few outcome events. In 4 North American pharmacoepidemiologic cohort studies between 1995 and 2005, the authors repeatedly sampled the data to yield increasingly smaller cohorts. They identified potential confounders in each sample and estimated both an hd-PS that included 0–500 covariates and treatment effects adjusted by decile of hd-PS. For sensitivity analyses, they altered the variable selection process to use zero-cell correction and, separately, to use only the variables’ exposure association. With >50 exposed patients with an outcome event, hd-PS-adjusted point estimates in the small cohorts were similar to the full-cohort values. With 25–50 exposed events, both sensitivity analyses yielded estimates closer to those obtained in the full data set. Point estimates generally did not change as compared with the full data set when selecting >300 covariates for the hd-PS. In these data, using zero-cell correction or exposure-based covariate selection allowed hd-PS to function robustly with few events. hd-PS is a flexible analytical tool for nonrandomized research across a range of study sizes and event frequencies.
Type Ia supernova constraints on compact object dark matter
Creators: name: Dhawan, S.
name: Mörtsell, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of dark matter (DM) is an open question in cosmology, despite its abundance in the universe. While elementary particles have been posited to explain DM, compact astrophysical objects such as black holes formed in the early universe offer a theoretically appealing alternate route. Here, we constrain the fraction of DM that can be made up of primordial black holes (PBHs) with masses $M \gtrsim 0.01 M_\odot$, using the Type Ia supernova Hubble diagram. Utilizing the Dyer-Roeder distance relation, where the homogeneous matter fraction is parameterized with $η$, we find a maximum fractional amount of DM in compact objects ($f_p$) of 0.50 at 95\% confidence level (C.L.), in the flat $Λ$CDM model and 0.49 when marginalising over a constant dark energy equation of state. These limits do not change when marginalising over cosmic curvature, demonstrating the robustness to the cosmological model. When allowing for the prior on $η$ to include $η> 1$, we derive $f_p < 0.32$ at 95$\%$ C.L., showing that the prior assumption of $η\leq 1$ gives a conservative upper limit on $f_p$. When including Cepheid calibrated supernovae, the 95\% C.L. constraints improve to $f_p < 0.25$. We find that the estimate for the Hubble constant in our inference is consistent with the homogeneous case, showing that inhomogeneities in the form of compact dark matter cannot account for the observed Hubble tension. In conclusion, we strongly exclude the possibility that PBHs with stellar masses and above form a dominant fraction of the dark matter.
description: to be submitted to MNRAS Letters
Low Mach Number Modeling of Convection in Helium Shells on Sub-Chandrasekhar White Dwarfs II: Bulk Properties of Simple Models
Creators: name: Jacobs, Adam M.
name: Zingale, Michael
name: Nonaka, Andy
name: Almgren, Ann S.
name: Bell, John B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of helium shell convection driven by nuclear burning establish the conditions for runaway in the sub-Chandrasekhar mass, double detonation model for Type Ia supernovae, as well as for a variety of other explosive phenomena. We explore these convection dynamics for a range of white dwarf core and helium shell masses in three dimensions using the low Mach number hydrodynamics code Maestro. We present calculations of the bulk properties of this evolution, including time-series evolution of global diagnostics, lateral averages of the 3D state, and the global 3D state. We find a variety of outcomes including quasi-equilibrium, localized runaway, and nova-like runaway. Our results suggest the double detonation progenitor model is promising, that 3D, dynamic convection plays a key role, and that these systems warrant further study.
description: 23 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables, accepted in ApJ
(100826) Jeffrey Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Relevant Dilaton Stabilization
Creators: name: Csáki, Csaba
name: Geller, Michael
name: Heller-Algazi, Zamir
name: Ismail, Ameen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple modification of the Goldberger-Wise mechanism for stabilizing the scale of spontaneously broken conformal theories. The source of explicit conformal symmetry breaking is a relevant operator with a small coefficient, as opposed to the usual mechanism of an almost marginal operator with an order-one coefficient. In the warped 5D picture this relevant stabilization corresponds to a small tadpole for the bulk scalar on the UV brane, which can be technically natural if it is the only source for the breaking of a symmetry (for example, a discrete $Z_2$). This modification of the stabilization mechanism has significant consequences for the nature of the conformal phase transition, since the radion/dilaton potential is no longer shallow. The bounce action is significantly reduced, leading to a weaker first-order phase transition instead of the supercooled and strongly first-order transition seen in Goldberger-Wise stabilization. This also leads to reduction of gravitational wave signals which, however, may still be observable at future detectors. We present numerical and analytical studies of the phase transition and the resulting gravitational wave signal strength, assuming that the effective dilaton potential provides a good leading approximation. While the dilaton is not expected to be generically light in this setup, in order to keep perturbative control over the effective theory one needs to mildly tune the dilaton quartic to be somewhat small.
Cross-National Comparisons of Time Trends in Overweight Inequality by Socioeconomic Status Among Women Using Repeated Cross-Sectional Surveys From 37 Developing Countries, 1989–2007
Creators: name: Popkin, Barry M.
name: Jones-Smith, Jessica C.
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Siddiqi, Arjumand
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Chronic diseases are now among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in lower income countries. Although traditionally related to higher individual socioeconomic status (SES) in these contexts, the associations between SES and chronic disease may be actively changing. Furthermore, country-level contextual factors, such as economic development and income inequality, may influence the distribution of chronic disease by SES as well as how this distribution has changed over time. Using overweight status as a health indicator, the authors studied repeated cross-sectional data from women aged 18–49 years in 37 developing countries to assess within-country trends in overweight inequalities by SES between 1989 and 2007 (n = 405,550). Meta-regression was used to examine the associations between gross domestic product and disproportionate increases in overweight prevalence by SES, with additional testing for modification by country-level income inequality. In 27 of 37 countries, higher SES (vs. lower) was associated with higher gains in overweight prevalence; in the remaining 10 countries, lower SES (vs. higher) was associated with higher gains in overweight prevalence. Gross domestic product was positively related to faster increase in overweight prevalence among the lower wealth groups. Among countries with a higher gross domestic product, lower income inequality was associated with faster overweight growth among the poor.
title: Βιοφιλική αρχιτεκτονική
title: Biophilic architecture
Creators: name: Καπατσωρης Ηλιας
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Το αστικό περιβάλλον επηρεάζει άμεσα την ποιότητα της ζωής μας και τη συμπεριφορά μας, καθώς υπάρχει άμεση συσχέτιση μεταξύ του ανθρώπινου νου και των εναυσμάτων που βιώνει σε καθημερινό επίπεδο από το δομημένο περιβάλλον. Προκειμένου να υπάρξει μια διαβίωση, η οποία θα φέρει μια ισορροπία μεταξύ του ασφυκτικού αστικού περιβάλλοντος και της ψυχικής και σωματικής υγείας του πολίτη, χρειάζεται να επανεξετάσουμε τη σύνδεση του ανθρώπου με το φυσικό στοιχείο. Από το παραπάνω προκύπτει ότι η φύση έχει χάσει τόσο τον χώρο της όσο και την αυταξία στην πολυάσχολη ζωή του ανθρώπου στον αστικό λαβύρινθο. Απότοκο αυτής της δυσχερούς κατάστασης είναι η έννοια της βιοφιλίας και κατ’ επέκταση του βιοφιλικού σχεδιασμού, που έρχεται να αναδείξει την έμφυτη ανθρώπινη τάση της σύνδεσης με το φυσικό περιβάλλον. Μέσω της ανάλυσης των χαρακτηριστικών της και παρουσίασης κτηριακών παραδειγμάτων αναδύεται μια καλύτερη κατανόηση της πηγαίας φιλοσοφίας του βιοφιλικού σχεδιασμού. Τέλος, στην προσπάθεια βαθύτερης κατανόησης και εφαρμογής των προαναφερθέντων χαρακτηριστικών προκύπτουν κάποιοι πίνακες-εργαλειοθήκες, οι οποίοι αποτελούν τη υπόστρωμα για την κατασκευή κέντρου ψυχικής υγείας στο πλαίσιο της διπλωματικής εργασίας που ακολουθεί.
Second generation stellar disks in Dense Star Clusters and cluster ellipticities
Creators: name: Mastrobuono-Battisti, Alessandra
name: Perets, Hagai B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Globular Clusters (GCs) and Nuclear Star Clusters (NSCs) are typically composed by several stellar populations, characterized by different chemical compositions. Different populations show different ages in NSCs but not necessarily in GCs. The youngest populations in NSCs appear to reside in disk-like structures, as observed in our Galaxy and in M31. Gas infall followed by formation of second generation (SG) stars in GCs may similarly form disk-like structures in the clusters nuclei. Here we explore this possibility and follow the long term evolution of stellar disks embedded in GCs, and study their effects on the evolution of the clusters. We study disks with different masses by means of detailed N-body simulations and explore their morphological and kinematic signatures on the GC structures. We find that as a second generation disk relaxes, the old, first generation, stellar population flattens and becomes more radially anisotropic, making the GC structure become more elliptical. The second generation stellar population is characterized by a lower velocity dispersion, and a higher rotational velocity, compared with the primordial older population. The strength of these kinematic signatures depends both on the relaxation time of the system and on the fractional mass of the second generation disk. We therefore conclude that SG populations formed in flattened configurations will give rise to two systematic trends: (1) Positive correlation between GC ellipticity and fraction of SG population (2) Positive correlation between GC relaxation time and ellipticity. Thereby GC ellipticities and rotation could be related to the formation of SG stars and their initial configuration.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
(100822) Hugh Michael Fraser-Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Doubly Robust Estimation of Causal Effects
Creators: name: Funk, Michele Jonsson
name: Westreich, Daniel
name: Brookhart, M. Alan
name: Wiesen, Chris
name: Stürmer, Til
name: Davidian, Marie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Doubly robust estimation combines a form of outcome regression with a model for the exposure (i.e., the propensity score) to estimate the causal effect of an exposure on an outcome. When used individually to estimate a causal effect, both outcome regression and propensity score methods are unbiased only if the statistical model is correctly specified. The doubly robust estimator combines these 2 approaches such that only 1 of the 2 models need be correctly specified to obtain an unbiased effect estimator. In this introduction to doubly robust estimators, the authors present a conceptual overview of doubly robust estimation, a simple worked example, results from a simulation study examining performance of estimated and bootstrapped standard errors, and a discussion of the potential advantages and limitations of this method. The supplementary material for this paper, which is posted on the Journal's Web site (http://aje.oupjournals.org/), includes a demonstration of the doubly robust property (Web Appendix 1) and a description of a SAS macro (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, North Carolina) for doubly robust estimation, available for download at http://www.unc.edu/∼mfunk/dr/.
FDM & Data Stewardship (Dezember 2022)
Creators: name: Strauch-Davey, Annette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FDM
Forschungsdaten
Forschungsdatenmanagement
forschungsdaten
research data management
Open Science

description: FDM & Data Stewardship (Dezember 2022) ...
 ... Entwicklungene seit Okt. 2022 ...
Duration of Lactation and Incidence of Maternal Hypertension: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Creators: name: Michels, Karin B.
name: Stuebe, Alison M.
name: Foster, E. Michael
name: Curhan, Gary
name: Forman, John
name: Rich-Edwards, Janet W.
name: Schwarz, Eleanor B.
name: Grewen, Karen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Never or curtailed lactation has been associated with an increased risk for incident hypertension, but the effect of exclusive breastfeeding is unknown. The authors conducted an observational cohort study of 55,636 parous women in the US Nurses’ Health Study II. From 1991 to 2005, participants reported 8,861 cases of incident hypertension during 660,880 person-years of follow-up. Never or curtailed lactation was associated with an increased risk of incident hypertension. Compared with women who breastfed their first child for ≥12 months, women who did not breastfeed were more likely to develop hypertension (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.18, 1.36), adjusting for family history and lifestyle covariates. Women who never breastfed were more likely to develop hypertension than women who exclusively breastfed their first child for ≥6 months (HR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.20, 1.40). The authors found similar results for women who had never breastfed compared with those who had breastfed each child for an average of ≥12 months (HR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.32). In conclusion, never or curtailed lactation was associated with an increased risk of incident maternal hypertension, compared with the recommended ≥6 months of exclusive or ≥12 months of total lactation per child, in a large cohort of parous women.
(100824) Mary Salwey
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On Factors Affecting the Usage and Adoption of a Nation-wide TV Streaming Service
Creators: name: Karamshuk, Dmytro
name: Sastry, Nishanth
name: Secker, Andrew
name: Chandaria, Jigna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using nine months of access logs comprising 1.9 Billion sessions to BBC iPlayer, we survey the UK ISP ecosystem to understand the factors affecting adoption and usage of a high bandwidth TV streaming application across different providers. We find evidence that connection speeds are important and that external events can have a huge impact for live TV usage. Then, through a temporal analysis of the access logs, we demonstrate that data usage caps imposed by mobile ISPs significantly affect usage patterns, and look for solutions. We show that product bundle discounts with a related fixed-line ISP, a strategy already employed by some mobile providers, can better support user needs and capture a bigger share of accesses. We observe that users regularly split their sessions between mobile and fixed-line connections, suggesting a straightforward strategy for offloading by speculatively pre-fetching content from a fixed-line ISP before access on mobile devices.
description: In Proceedings of IEEE INFOCOM 2015
Effect of Dietary Fiber Intake on Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels Independent of Estradiol in Healthy Premenopausal Women
Creators: name: Schisterman, Enrique F.
name: Wactawski-Wende, Jean
name: Gaskins, Audrey J.
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Mumford, Sunni L.
name: Vanderweele, Tyler J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: High-fiber diets are associated with improved lipid profiles. However, pre- and postmenopausal women respond differently to fiber intake, suggesting that endogenous estradiol mediates the effect. The authors' objective was to determine the direct effect of fiber intake on lipoprotein cholesterol levels independent of estradiol among premenopausal women. The BioCycle Study, a prospective cohort study conducted at the State University of New York at Buffalo from 2005 to 2007, followed 259 healthy women for up to 2 complete menstrual cycles. Serum lipoprotein and hormone levels were measured at 16 visits timed using fertility monitors. Fiber intake was assessed by 8 24-hour recalls. Marginal structural models with inverse probability weights for both lipoprotein and estradiol levels were used to estimate controlled direct effects of the highest category of fiber intake (≥22 g/day vs. <22 g/day) while accounting for age, body mass index, total energy, vitamin E intake, physical activity, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and progesterone. Reductions were observed in total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in women with higher fiber intakes. Direct effects were greater than total effects. These analyses suggested that estradiol mediates at least part of the association between fiber and cholesterol among premenopausal women. More research is needed to elucidate the biologic mechanisms driving these associations.
New charged anisotropic solution on paraboloidal spacetime
Creators: name: Patel, Rinkal
name: Ratanpal, B. S.
name: Pandya, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New exact solutions of Einstein's field equations for charged stellar models by assuming linear equation of state $ P_r=A(ρ-ρ_{a}) $, where $ P_r $ is the radial pressure and $ ρ_{a} $ is the surface density. By assuming $ e^λ = 1+\frac{r^2}{R^2} $ for metric potential. The physical acceptability conditions of the model are investigated, and the model is compatible with several compact star candidates like 4U 1820-30, PSR J1903+327, EXO 1785-248, Vela X-1, PSR J1614-2230, Cen X-3. A noteworthy feature of the model is that it satisfies all the conditions needed for a physically acceptable model.
description: 29 Pages, 12 Figures, 3 Tables
Evaluating the Indirect Effect of Infant Weight Velocity on Insulin Resistance in Young Adulthood: A Birth Cohort Study From the Philippines
Creators: name: Kuzawa, Christopher W.
name: Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.
name: Adair, Linda S.
name: Slining, Meghan M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The authors assessed the relation between infant weight velocity and adult insulin resistance, specifically evaluating whether adult size and body fat distribution mediated the association. Data were from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (Cebu, the Philippines), in which a birth cohort was followed to age 22 years (n = 1,409; 1983–2005). Insulin resistance was measured using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Weight velocity (g/month) from 0 to 4 months and from 0 to 24 months was assessed. The authors examined direct and total associations between early growth and adult HOMA-IR in linear regression models and used a nonparametric bootstrapping procedure to test indirect effects through adult body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) and waist circumference. Infant weight velocity was positively associated with adult BMI and waist circumference, which positively predicted HOMA-IR. There were no total or direct effects of immediate postnatal weight velocity (0–4 months) on adult HOMA-IR, although indirect effects through BMI and waist circumference were significant. Weight velocity from 0 to 24 months positively predicted HOMA-IR among males only, while indirect effects were significant in both sexes. In a relatively lean sample of young adults from a population with rising rates of diabetes and cardiovascular disease, the authors found evidence for small indirect effects of infant weight velocity on adult insulin resistance mediated through adult BMI and waist circumference.
Evaluation and Comparison of Food Records, Recalls, and Frequencies for Energy and Protein Assessment by Using Recovery Biomarkers
Creators: name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Neuhouser, Marian L.
name: Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin
name: Schoeller, Dale
name: Caan, Bette
name: Tinker, Lesley
name: Beresford, Shirley A.A.
name: Sarto, Gloria
name: Huang, Ying
name: Johnson, Karen C.
name: Eaton, Charles B.
name: Ockene, Judy
name: Bingham, Sheila
name: Prentice, Ross L.
name: Thomson, Cynthia
name: Van Horn, Linda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The food frequency questionnaire approach to dietary assessment is ubiquitous in nutritional epidemiology research. Food records and recalls provide approaches that may also be adaptable for use in large epidemiologic cohorts, if warranted by better measurement properties. The authors collected (2007–2009) a 4-day food record, three 24-hour dietary recalls, and a food frequency questionnaire from 450 postmenopausal women in the Women’s Health Initiative prospective cohort study (enrollment, 1994–1998), along with biomarkers of energy and protein consumption. Through comparison with biomarkers, the food record is shown to provide a stronger estimate of energy and protein than does the food frequency questionnaire, with 24-hour recalls mostly intermediate. Differences were smaller and nonsignificant for protein density. Food frequencies, records, and recalls were, respectively, able to “explain” 3.8%, 7.8%, and 2.8% of biomarker variation for energy; 8.4%, 22.6%, and 16.2% of biomarker variation for protein; and 6.5%, 11.0%, and 7.0% of biomarker variation for protein density. However, calibration equations that include body mass index, age, and ethnicity substantially improve these numbers to 41.7%, 44.7%, and 42.1% for energy; 20.3%, 32.7%, and 28.4% for protein; and 8.7%, 14.4%, and 10.4% for protein density. Calibration equations using any of the assessment procedures may yield suitable consumption estimates for epidemiologic study purposes.
(100819) Henry Herbert Mead-King
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Vectorlike $W^\pm$-boson coupling at TeV and third family fermion masses
Creators: name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the third fermion family and gauge symmetry of the Standard Model, we study the quark-quark, lepton-lepton and quark-lepton four-fermion operators in an effective theory at high energies. These operators have nontrivial contributions to the Schwinger-Dyson equations for fermion self-energy functions and the $W^\pm$-boson coupling vertex. As a result, the top-quark mass is generated via the spontaneous symmetry breaking of $\langle\bar t t \rangle$-condensate and the $W^\pm$-boson coupling becomes approximately vectorlike at TeV scale. The bottom-quark, tau-lepton and tau-neutrino masses are generated via the explicit symmetry breaking of $W^\pm$-contributions and quark-lepton interactions. Their masses and Yukawa couplings are functions of the top-quark mass and Yukawa coupling. We qualitatively show the hierarchy of fermion masses and Yukawa couplings of the third fermion family. We also discuss the possible collider signatures due to the vectorlike (parity-restoration) feature of $W^\pm$-boson coupling at high energies.
description: The revised version to appear in Phys. Rev. D. The title has been modified. 23 pages and 5 figures
On the Riemann-Hilbert approach to asymptotics of tronquée solutions of Painlevé I
Creators: name: Deaño, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33E17, 34M50, 34D05, 30E15

description: In this paper, we revisit large variable asymptotic expansions of tronquée solutions of the Painlevé I equation, obtained via the Riemann-Hilbert approach and the method of steepest descent. The explicit construction of an extra local parametrix around the recessive stationary point of the phase function, in terms of complementary error functions, makes it possible to give detailed information about non-perturbative contributions beyond standard Poincaré expansions for tronquée and tritronquée solutions.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures. Second revision, some (more) typos corrected
(100821) Yarborough George Lloyd-Graeme
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Noise expands the response range of the Bacillus subtilis competence circuit
Creators: name: Mugler, Andrew
name: Kittisopikul, Mark
name: Hayden, Luke
name: Liu, Jintao
name: Wiggins, Chris H.
name: Suel, Gurol M.
name: Walczak, Aleksandra M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Gene regulatory circuits must contend with intrinsic noise that arises due to finite numbers of proteins. While some circuits act to reduce this noise, others appear to exploit it. A striking example is the competence circuit in Bacillus subtilis, which exhibits much larger noise in the duration of its competence events than a synthetically constructed analog that performs the same function. Here, using stochastic modeling and fluorescence microscopy, we show that this larger noise allows cells to exit terminal phenotypic states, which expands the range of stress levels to which cells are responsive and leads to phenotypic heterogeneity at the population level. This is an important example of how noise confers a functional benefit in a genetic decision-making circuit.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures
title: With or without breaking the spine : A pattern approach for MR imaging of the spinal cord injuries
Creators: name: Yadav, Taruna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe a pattern approach for diagnosing spinal cord injuries on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with spinal trauma with or without radiographic...
Hierarchical Latency Models for Dose-Time-Response Associations
Creators: name: MacLehose, Richard F.
name: Cole, Stephen R.
name: Richardson, David B.
name: Langholz, Bryan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Exposure lagging and exposure-time window analysis are 2 widely used approaches to allow for induction and latency periods in analyses of exposure-disease associations. Exposure lagging implies a strong parametric assumption about the temporal evolution of the exposure-disease association. An exposure-time window analysis allows for a more flexible description of temporal variation in exposure effects but may result in unstable risk estimates that are sensitive to how windows are defined. The authors describe a hierarchical regression approach that combines time window analysis with a parametric latency model. They illustrate this approach using data from 2 occupational cohort studies: studies of lung cancer mortality among 1) asbestos textile workers and 2) uranium miners. For each cohort, an exposure-time window analysis was compared with a hierarchical regression analysis with shrinkage toward a simpler, second-stage parametric latency model. In each cohort analysis, there is substantial stability gained in time window-specific estimates of association by using a hierarchical regression approach. The proposed hierarchical regression model couples a time window analysis with a parametric latency model; this approach provides a way to stabilize risk estimates derived from a time window analysis and a way to reduce bias arising from misspecification of a parametric latency model.
Download CV template for students
Creators: name: USA, EAAR
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: CV is very important for everyone. No matter what stage you are at in your academic career, having a professional academic CV is essential. Applying for jobs, grants, fellowships, and even conferences will all require you to submit an academic CV. This document is different from a business resume and has a unique format.
Gull-human interactions in an urban population of Herring Gulls Larus argentatus and Lesser Black-backed Gulls Larus fuscus
Creators: name: Beasley, Emily R.
name: Dickins, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Herring Gulls Larus argentatus and Lesser Black-backed Gulls Larus fuscus were involved in more nuisance events with humans as the breeding season progressed, although human provisioning was negatively associated with gull nuisance events.
title: Portosystemic collateral pathways on portal hypertension: a comprehensive review on MDCT
Creators: name: Carneiro, Carolina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Varices
subject: Education
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To present the normal portal venous network and to describe the different portosystemic collateral pathways that can develop in the setting of portal hypertension. To systematically review possible causes and other additional features of portal...
(100823) Richard Salwey
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Computing dimensions of spaces of Arakelov divisors of number fields
Creators: name: Tran, Ha Thanh Nguyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y16, 11Y40, 11H06, 11H55

description: The function $h^0$ for a number field is analogous to the dimension of the Riemann-Roch spaces at divisors on an algebraic curve. We provide a method to compute this function for number fields with unit group of rank at most 2, even with large discriminant. This method is based on using LLL-reduced bases, the "jump algorithm" and Poisson summation formula.
Lack of Association of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Seropositivity With the Progression of HIV Infection in the HERS Cohort
Creators: name: Rompalo, Anne M.
name: Mayer, Kenneth H.
name: Smith, Jennifer S.
name: Hudgens, Michael G.
name: Hoots, Brooke E.
name: Sobel, Jack D.
name: King, Caroline C.
name: Cole, Stephen R.
name: Jamieson, Denise J.
name: Klein, Robert S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Many studies have chronicled the “epidemiologic synergy” between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). HIV adversely affects the natural history of HSV-2 and results in more frequent and severe HSV-2 reactivation. Few longitudinal studies, however, have examined whether HSV-2 is associated with increased HIV plasma viral loads or decreased CD4 counts. The authors estimated the effect of HSV-2 seropositivity on HIV RNA viral load and on CD4 count over time among 777 HIV-seropositive US women not receiving suppressive HSV-2 therapy in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (1993–2000). Linear mixed models were used to assess the effect of HSV-2 on log HIV viral load and CD4 count/mm3 prior to widespread initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Coinfection with HSV-2 was not associated with HIV RNA plasma viral loads during study follow-up. There was a statistically significant association between HSV-2 seropositivity and CD4 count over time, but this difference was small and counterintuitive at an increase of 8 cells/mm3 (95% confidence interval: 2, 14) per year among HSV-2-seropositive women compared with HSV-2-seronegative women. These data do not support a clinically meaningful effect of baseline HSV-2 seropositivity on the trajectories of HIV plasma viral loads or CD4 counts.
Photonic corner skin modes
Creators: name: Zhu, Weiwei
name: Gong, Jiangbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Useful in the enhancement of light-matter interaction, localization of light is at the heart of photonics studies. Different approaches have been proposed to localize light, including those based on dynamical localization, topological trivial or nontrivial defects in the band gap of photonic crystals, and bound states in the continuum. Recent studies on non-Hermitian skin effect have provided us new means to localize waves. In this work, we propose a new method towards localized light, called photonic corner skin modes arising from second-order non-Hermitian skin effect and gain-loss symmetry on a lattice. Specifically, we propose to make use of small pseudo-inversion symmetric gain/loss, which does not close the band gap, to realize a photonic Chern insulator with chiral edge states. The chiral edge states then accumulate at certain corners of the system. Intriguing phenomena such as corner skin modes arising from an underlying bipolar second-order non-Hermitian skin effect and multiple-corner skin modes are predicted in continuous systems.
description: 6 figures, 8 pages
Dead Sea level decline pushed a sensitive ecosystem out of equilibrium, causing the relocation of a colonial bird breeding site
Creators: name: Haran, Ron
name: Troupin, David
name: Izhaki, Ido
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Dead Sea Sparrows Passer moabiticus transferred their historical breeding colony location, following geo-ecological and hydrological changes, to a new, less arid zone within a nature reserve. To find biotic and abiotic factors affecting the choice of nest sites by Dead Sea Sparrows, in order to locate potential breeding areas and plan in advance for their protection. Mapping old and new nest sites of Dead Sea Sparrows within Einot Tzukim nature reserve, Dead Sea Valley, and using anthropogenic and geo-ecological GIS layers, we created a map of the potential preferred breeding colony area. We found the biotic and abiotic factors affecting nest site preference of Dead Sea Sparrows, which included areas far from human activity, areas close to historic springs, and areas affected by a major fire. New areas in the reserve exposed by the retreating Dead Sea were inhabited by the birds, which gradually transferred their breeding centre to a less arid zone within the reserve. When managing colonial breeding sites, it is crucial to understand the role of both natural and anthropogenic influences in order to prioritize sites for conservation and management. Producing a preference map, based on such data, can help managers locate potential breeding areas and plan in advance for their protection.