cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modified commutators are not sufficient to determine a quantum gravity minimal length scale
Creators: name: Bishop, Michael
name: Lee, Jaeyeong
name: Singleton, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum gravity it is generally thought that a modified commutator of the form $[{\hat x}, {\hat p}] = i \hbar (1 + βp^2)$ is sufficient to give rise to a minimum length scale. We test this assumption and find that different pairs of modified operators can lead to the same modified commutator and yet give different or even no minimal length. The conclusion is that the modification of the operators is the main factor in determining whether there is a minimal length. This fact - that it is the specific form of the modified operators which determine the existence or not of a minimal length scale - can be used to keep or reject specific modifications of the position and momentum operators in theory of quantum gravity.
description: 14 pages and 3 figures. Revised to address referee comments. References added. To be published in PLB
Labelled and unlabelled enumeration of $k$-gonal 2-trees
Creators: name: Labelle, G.
name: Lamathe, C.
name: Leroux, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15; 05C30

description: In this paper, we generalize 2-trees by replacing triangles by quadrilaterals, pentagons or $k$-sided polygons ($k$-gons), where $k\geq 3$ is fixed. This generalization, to $k$-gonal 2-trees, is natural and is closely related, in the planar case, to some specializations of the cell-growth problem. Our goal is the labelled and unlabelled enumeration of $k$-gonal 2-trees according to the number $n$ of $k$-gons. We give explicit formulas in the labelled case, and, in the unlabelled case, recursive and asymptotic formulas.
description: This is the full version of a paper presented at the second Mathematics and Computer Science Conference in Versailles, France, in September 2002, in "Mathematics and Computer Science II", B. Chauvin, P. Flajolet, D. Gardy and A. Mokkadem, Editors, Trends in Mathematics, Birkhauser Verlag, Basel Switzwerland, 2002, 95--109
Development and protection of the Mediterranean forest: Implementation of choice modelling in Corsica
Creators: name: Bonnieux, François
name: Carpentier, Alain
name: Paoli, Jean-Christophe
name: Bonnieux, François
name: Carpentier, Alain
name: Paoli, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Like other Mediterranean forests, the Corsican forest is associated with transhumance and pastoralism, both activities which have greatly decreased. Timber sales are too low to compensate for management expenses and the development perspectives of marketable production (picking of berries, mushrooms, aromatic plants) or hunting are limited. The social justification for public expenditure in favour of the Corsican forest must be found in the non-market services linked to leisure activities and the protection of the environment. But can the protection of the forest and tourist facilities be compatible? Is it possible to offer tourist facilities which respect biodiversity? Can we face the tourist pressure while preserving natural equilibriums? Must we welcome everybody or limit access? These are the difficult issues that the representatives, public authorities and citizens are confronted with. The research work carried out in Bonifatu brings factual data and areas of reflection in order to define a strategy of sustainable development in the Mediterranean mountainous area.
Modeling gravitational radiation from coalescing binary black holes
Creators: name: Baker, J.
name: Campanelli, M.
name: Lousto, C. O.
name: Takahashi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the goal of bringing theory, particularly numerical relativity, to bear on an astrophysical problem of critical interest to gravitational wave observers we introduce a model for coalescence radiation from binary black hole systems. We build our model using the "Lazarus approach", a technique that bridges far and close limit approaches with full numerical relativity to solve Einstein equations applied in the truly nonlinear dynamical regime. We specifically study the post-orbital radiation from a system of equal-mass non-spinning black holes, deriving waveforms which indicate strongly circularly polarized radiation of roughly 3% of the system's total energy and 12% of its total angular momentum in just a few cycles. Supporting this result we first establish the reliability of the late-time part of our model, including the numerical relativity and close-limit components, with a thorough study of waveforms from a sequence of black hole configurations varying from previously treated head-on collisions to representative target for ``ISCO'' data corresponding to the end of the inspiral period. We then complete our model with a simple treatment for the early part of the spacetime based on a standard family of initial data for binary black holes in circular orbit. A detailed analysis shows strong robustness in the results as the initial separation of the black holes is increased from 5.0 to 7.8M supporting our waveforms as a suitable basic description of the astrophysical radiation from this system. Finally, a simple fitting of the plunge waveforms is introduced as a first attempt to facilitate the task of analyzing data from gravitational wave detectors.
description: 23 pages, 36 figures, RevTeX4
Proton affinity and gas-phase basicity of pyrogallol and phloroglucinol: a computational study
Creators: name: Mayhan, Collin M.
name: Kumari, Harshita
name: Maddalena, Julia M.
name: Borgmeyer, Gabriel N.
name: Deakyne, Carol A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We report the proton affinities (PAs) and gas-phase basicities (GBs) of pyrogallol (1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene) and phloroglucinol (1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene), as determined by high level quantum chemical calculations and a series of isodesmic proton transfer reactions. These yet unmeasured values have relevance to release of active species from nanocarriers derived from the calixarene family of macrocycles. The PAs and GBs obtained for these two trihydroxybenzene isomers are compared and contrasted with those obtained previously for the third isomer, hydroxyquinol (1,2,4-trihydroxybenzene). Preferred protonation sites and relative thermochemical values are analyzed in terms of electron delocalization effects and the consequent disruption of intramolecular hydrogen bonding.
Experimental investigation of delayed self-interference for single photons
Creators: name: Ohlsson, Nicklas
name: Nilsson, Mattias
name: Kroll, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photon echo experiment has been performed using accumulated highly attenuated laser pulses. We show experimentally that the photon echo process can be performed with, on the average, less than one photon in each pair of excitation pulses. The results support an interpretation where this non-linear process can be performed with, on the average, less than one photon shared between two of the optical fields involved in the degenerate four-wave mixing process. Further, we argue that the experiment can be interpreted as a form of delayed self-interference for photon wave packets that do not overlap in both space and time.
description: 26 pages including 7 figures; Reference added
t-Butyl 3-azido- and 3-amino-2,3-dideoxy-α-d-arabino-hexopyranosides: a concise protocol of structural and chemical profiles to identify metal ion binding modes
Creators: name: Dąbrowska, Aleksandra M.
name: Barabaś, Anna
name: Sikorski, Artur
name: Michał Wera
name: Brzeski, Jakub
name: Domżalska, Marta
name: Chylewska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational Biology

description: The metal cations-polysaccharides complexes play crucial roles in the process of immune cell recognitions. Here, we create simpler biomimetic ligands, which emulate binding of carbohydrates in living organisms. We present a detailed study on the interactions of Cu2+, Ni2+ and VO2+ ions with t-butyl 3-azido- and 3-amino-2,3-dideoxy-α-d-arabino-hexopyranosides. NMR, IR and UV–Vis spectroscopies as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction were used for the ligand structure determinations and showed their binding affinity of ions selected. The formation of stable complexes of Cu(II), Ni(II), VO(IV) ions and saccharides with 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 molar ratios was proved. The coordination sites proposed are N-donor (amino or azido groups), O-donor (hydroxyl group) and endo-oxygen atoms. Additionally, parameters like shape, charge density distribution, and sites of chemical reactivity of the sugars studied were obtained by mapping electron density isosurface with electrostatic potential (MESP).
Generalized bit- moments and cumulants based on discrete derivative
Creators: name: Johal, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a simple recipe based on the use of discrete derivative, to obtain generalized bit-moments obeying nonadditive statistics of Tsallis. The generalized bit-cumulants may be of two kinds, first which preserve the standard relations between moments and cumulants of a distribution, and are nonadditive with respect to independent subsystems. The second kind do not preserve usual moment-cumulant relations. These are additive in nature and Renyi entropy is naturally incorporated as the cumulant of order one.
description: Latex 10 pages
MOESM1 of Adoption, implementation and sustainability of school-based physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions in real-world settings: a systematic review
Creators: name: Cassar, Samuel
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Timperio, Anna
name: Patti-Jean Naylor
name: Nassau, Femke
name: Ayala, Ana Contardo
name: Koorts, Harriet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Search terms and databases.
Interface reflectivity of a superdiffusive spin current in ultrafast demagnetization and THz emission
Creators: name: Lu, Wen-Tian
name: Zhao, Yawen
name: Battiato, Marco
name: Wu, Yizheng
name: Yuan, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin- and energy-dependent interface reflectivity of a ferromagnetic (FM) film in contact with a nonmagnetic (NM) film is calculated using a first-principles transport method and incorporated into the superdiffusive spin transport model to study the femtosecond laser-induced ultrafast demagnetization of Fe|NM and Ni|NM (NM= Au, Al & Pt) bilayers. By comparing the calculated demagnetization with transparent and real interfaces, we demonstrate that the spin-dependent reflection of hot electrons has a noticeable influence on the ultrafast demagnetization and the associated terahertz electromagnetic radiation. In particular, a spin filtering effect is found at the Fe|NM interface that increases the spin current injected into the NM metal, which enhances both the resulting demagnetization and the resulting THz emission. This suggests that the THz radiation can be optimized by tailoring the interface, indicating a very large tunability.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
Dynamical chiral-symmetry breaking at T=0 and $T \ne 0$ in the Schwinger-Dyson equation with lattice QCD data
Creators: name: Iida, Hideaki
name: Oka, Makoto
name: Suganuma, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the study of dynamical chiral-symmetry breaking (DCSB) in QCD, we investigate the Schwinger-Dyson (SD) formalism based on lattice QCD data. From the quenched lattice data for the quark propagator in the Landau gauge, we extract the SD kernel function K(p^2), which is the product of the quark-gluon vertex and the polarization factor in the gluon propagator, in an Ansatz-independent manner. We find that the SD kernel function K(p^2) exhibits infrared vanishing and a large enhancement at the intermediate-energy region around p \sim 0.6GeV. We investigate the relation between the SD kernel and the quark mass function, and find that the infrared and intermediate energy region (0.35GeV
description: 16 pages, 16 figures
Structural and spectroscopic insights on the coordination chemistry of the rigid heterotopic chelating ligand 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinoline
Creators: name: Goodwin, Jack W.
name: Kruger, Paul E.
name: Hawes, Chris S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In this work, we report the coordination chemistry of a rigid heterotopic ligand 1H-pyrazolo[4,3-h]quinoline HL1 in copper(II) and zinc(II) complexes and examine both the structural properties and solution-phase behavior of these species. On reaction with zinc(II) nitrate in acetonitrile, a mononuclear complex [Zn(HL1)2(OH2)2](NO3)2 1 is generated, where a size mismatch between the metal ion and the binding pocket leads to an anomalously long Zn–N bond to the pyrazole nitrogen. This is consistent with solution-state absorption and fluorescence measurements which indicate a relatively low stability constant logβ of 9.1(3) in acetonitrile. The reaction of HL1 with copper(II) nitrate in methanol gave four new crystalline phases, the major forms of which are two polymorphs of [Cu2(μ2-L1)2(NO3)2(MeOH)2] 2α and 2β which also constitutes the dominant solution-phase behavior of this mixture. Additionally, trace amounts of the nitric acid salt of HL1 were crystallized along with the slow formation of a tetranuclear species [Cu4(μ2-L1)6(OH2)2](NO3)2 · 2MeOH 3 which also features anomalously long bridging distances from L1 as a result of its backbone rigidity.
The beta-Oslo method: experimentally constrained ($n,γ$) reaction rates relevant to the $r$-process
Creators: name: Larsen, A. C.
name: Liddick, S. N.
name: Spyrou, A.
name: Guttormsen, M.
name: Garrote, F. L. Bello
name: Midtbø, J. E.
name: Renstrøm, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unknown neutron-capture reaction rates remain a significant source of uncertainty in state-of-the-art $r$-process nucleosynthesis reaction network calculations. As the $r$-process involves highly neutron-rich nuclei for which direct ($n,γ$) cross-section measurements are virtually impossible, indirect methods are called for to constrain ($n,γ$) cross sections used as input for the $r$-process nuclear network. Here we discuss the newly developed beta-Oslo method, which is capable of providing experimental input for calculating ($n,γ$) rates of neutron-rich nuclei. The beta-Oslo method represents a first step towards constraining neutron-capture rates of importance to the $r$-process.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, conference proceedings Nuclei in the Cosmos XV 2018, Italy;
Taxation or information? An economic analysis of nutritional health policies
Creators: name: Etilé, Fabrice
name: Etilé, Fabrice
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Public Economics

description: For the last few years, the nutritional quality of food has again become a concern to public health policies. Policy makers would like to find the best ways to act on the food choices of the population. This document shows how economists analyse nutritional taxation and information policies. Taking obesity as an example, it is shown that the main source of ineffectiveness of non-targeted policies (taxation or general information campaigns) is the presence of individual heterogeneity, unobservable or observable. Information policies targeted at high-risk populations, or taxes or subsidies to products provided by institutional catering could be more effective.
Minimal modifications of the primordial power spectrum from an adiabatic short distance cutoff
Creators: name: Niemeyer, J. C.
name: Parentani, R.
name: Campo, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a simple model for unknown Planck scale physics, we assume that the quantum modes responsible for producing primordial curvature perturbations during inflation are placed in their instantaneous adiabatic vacuum when their proper momentum reaches a fixed high energy scale M. The resulting power spectrum is derived and presented in a form that exhibits the amplitude and frequency of the superimposed oscillations in terms of H/M and the slow roll parameter epsilon. The amplitude of the oscillations is proportional to the third power of H/M. We argue that these small oscillations give the lower bound of the modifications of the power spectrum if the notion of free mode propagation ceases to exist above the critical energy scale M.
description: 10 pages; matches version accepted by PRD
Obesity and food in working classes: An approach to the female body
Creators: name: Lhuissier, Anne
name: Regnier, Faustine
name: Lhuissier, Anne
name: Regnier, Faustine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Obesity does not concern all social classes equally; the most exposed ones are women from the working classes (16% of obese women among employees), who also belong to groups where average corpulence (frame 1) is the highest and where attention to the body (desire to lose weight, weighing frequency, practice of a sport) is the lowest. Even so, they are not cut off from the dominant body standards. A survey on working-class obese women -ex manual workers- shows that attention to the body and weight increases with proximity to the middle classes and the working world, and decreases as these women’s situation becomes precarious, turning into a medical imperative.
Food risk and sea-food consumption: Evaluation of long-term individual exposure to methylmercury in France
Creators: name: Allais, Olivier
name: Tressou, Jessica
name: Allais, Olivier
name: Tressou, Jessica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Prolonged exposure to methylmercury, mainly present in sea-food products (fish, mollusks and shellfish) produces deep neurotoxic effects. The main purpose of this study is to quantify this risk for French consumers using consumption and contamination data. French consumers likely to be strongly and lastingly exposed to this contaminant are identified according to their age, sex and socio-economical characteristics, so that adapted recommendations to at-risk consumers may be taken. For 2001, we estimate that 6% of children under 3 are high-risk individuals. Furthermore, no children living in a low income household are high-risk consumers.
Evaporative cooling of icy interstellar grains. I. Basic characterization
Creators: name: Kalvans, Juris
name: Kalnin, Juris Roberts
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. While radiative cooling of interstellar grains is a well-known process, little detail is known about the cooling of grains with an icy mantle that contains volatile adsorbed molecules. Aims. We explore basic details for the cooling process of an icy grain with properties relevant to dark interstellar clouds. Methods. Grain cooling was described with a numerical code considering a grain with an icy mantle that is structured in monolayers and containing several volatile species in proportions consistent with interstellar ice. Evaporation was treated as first-order decay. Diffusion and subsequent thermal desorption of bulk-ice species was included. Temperature decrease from initial temperatures of 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, and 20K was studied, and we also followed the composition of ice and evaporated matter. Results. We find that grain cooling occurs by partially successive and partially overlapping evaporation of different species. The most volatile molecules (N2) first evaporate at the greatest rate and are most rapidly depleted from the outer ice monolayers. The most important coolant is CO, but evaporation of more refractory species, such as CH4 and even CO2, is possible when the former volatiles are not available. Cooling of high-temperature grains takes longer because volatile molecules are depleted faster and the grain has to switch to slow radiative cooling at a higher temperature. For grain temperatures above 40K, most of the thermal energy is carried away by evaporation. Evaporation of the nonpolar volatile species induces a complete change of the ice surface, as the refractory polar molecules (H2O) are left behind. Conclusions. The effectiveness of thermal desorption from heated icy grains (e.g., the yield of cosmic-ray-induced desorption) is primarily controlled by the thermal energy content of the grain and the number and availability of volatile molecules.
description: Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 633, A97, 2020
Food risk facing consumers
Creators: name: Torny, Didier
name: Torny, Didier
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: In the current context of health crises, many economic and social sciences studies have tried to describe and analyse consumer behaviour related to food risk. These studies share two premises: they consider the act of consuming as an individual behaviour and credit consumers with “risk perceptions” which direct their choice. A criticism of both axioms leads us to the question of the specificity of food risk and its political and social dimensions.
AUTOIMMUNE INFLAMMATION – AS A CAUSE-AND-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS.
Creators: name: Sadriev, Nizom
name: Norxolov, Javlon
name: Olimjonov, Rustamjon
name: Sattorova, Hilola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Over the past few years, a sufficient number of randomized clinical studies have been aimed at searching for connections between periodontal diseases, in particular, periodontitis of varying severity with chronic coronary heart disease, acute coronary syndrome, arterial hypertension and metabolic syndrome. Almost all of these cardiac diseases develop against the background of atherosclerosis. The commonality between periodontitis and atherosclerosis of various localizations remains to be elucidated, and this review is dedicated to summarizing the research to date and that still to come in the future.
Synthesis and coordination of a tert-butyl functionalized facially coordinating 2-histidine-1-carboxylate model ligand
Creators: name: Parami S. Gunasekera
name: MacMillan, Samantha N.
name: Lacy, David C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Herein, we report a bulky variant of a bis-benzimidazole carboxylate ligand. The five-position of the benzimidazole groups were substituted with tertiary butyl groups with the intention of preventing bis-ligation and oligomerization, as was observed in other studies using similar ligands. Unfortunately, even with the bulkier substituents, the new ligand still formed a bis-ligated structure. Although the new ligand did not afford the desired mono-ligated species under the conditions studied here, the preparation of the new ligand and coordination compounds provides an added design principle in the ongoing efforts of preparing structurally faithful 2-histidine-1-carboxylate model ligands in biomimetic chemistry.
MOESM2 of Randomised controlled trial of the short-term effects of OROS-methylphenidate on ADHD symptoms and behavioural outcomes in young male prisoners with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (CIAO-II)
Creators: name: Asherson, Philip
name: Johansson, Lena
name: Holland, Rachel
name: Fahy, Tom
name: Forester, Andrew
name: Howitt, Sheila
name: Lawrie, Stephen
name: Strang, John
name: Young, Susan
name: Landau, Sabine
name: Thomson, Lindsay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. : SPIRIT 2013 checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (DOC 122 kb)
Composition of Lorentz Transformations in Terms of Their Generators
Creators: name: Coll, B.
name: Martinez, F. San Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-forms in Minkowski space-time may be considered as generators of Lorentz transformations. Here, the covariant and general expression for the composition law (Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff formula) of two Lorentz transformations in terms of their generators is obtained. Every subalgebra of the Lorentz algebra of such generators, up to one, may be generated by a sole pair of generators. When the subalgebra is known, the above BCH formula for the two two-forms simplifies. Its simplified expressions for all such subalgebras are also given.
description: 16 pages, no figures
Sorting on the Used-Car Market After the Volkswagen Emission Scandal
Creators: name: Strittmatter, Anthony
name: Lechner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The disclosure of the VW emission manipulation scandal caused a quasi-experimental market shock to the observable environmental quality of VW diesel vehicles. To investigate the market reaction to this shock, we collect data from a used-car online advertisement platform. We find that the supply of used VW diesel vehicles increases after the VW emission scandal. The positive supply side effects increase with the probability of manipulation. Furthermore, we find negative impacts on the asking prices of used cars subject to a high probability of manipulation. We rationalize these findings with a model for sorting by the environmental quality of used cars.
Do budget constraints induce unhealthy food choices in poor households?
Creators: name: Caillavet, France
name: Darmon, Nicole
name: Caillavet, France
name: Darmon, Nicole
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Recommendations are made by nutritional policies aiming at improving food quality. What is the social impact of these nutritional standards? Are they more difficult to accept by low income populations? It is appropriate to check to what extent, on a theoretical level, nutritional recommendations may be fulfilled with a low food budget. Some studies indicate food consumption of poor populations is influenced by financial constraints. Do these constraints have a significant impact on the foods consumed, possibly inducing nutritional deficiencies? This opens the debate on the relevance of an interventionist policy on food prices.
Convergencias y Divergencias en Experiencias de Gestión Local en áreas rurales de Argentina
Creators: name: Aradas E, María
name: Dure, Liliana
name: Pagani, Violeta
name: Caruso, Cecilia
name: Pujol, Pablo Pera
name: Aradas E, María
name: Dure, Liliana
name: Pagani, Violeta
name: Caruso, Cecilia
name: Pujol, Pablo Pera
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Local development
subject: scenarios
subject: management
subject: territory
subject: convergences
subject: divergences

description: The applications of policies in Latin America contributed to macroeconomic stability but failed to redistribute income or dampen regional asymmetries within each country. Neither could maintain a employment growth, in Argentina case was a decline in employment level. This research began in august 2010, performed by the area of Desarrollo Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA) Oliveros y la facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina. Selected experiences were organized in descriptive matrix considered key aspects of management of local development in rural areas. The aim of this paper is to analyze convergence and divergence in forty territorial management experiences were carried out in rural areas in different parts of Argentina. Through the results were observed crossing points where there are similarities and differences of the experiences analyzed.
Patching up the monopole potential
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Ashok
name: Mitra, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that a vector potential cannot be defined over the whole surface of a sphere around a magnetic monopole. A recent claim to the contrary is shown to have problems. It is explained however that a potential of the proposed type works if two patches are used instead of one. A general derivation of the Dirac quantization condition attempted with a single patch is corrected by introducing two patches. Further, the case of more than two patches using the original Wu-Yang type of potential is discussed in brief.
description: 6 pages
La demanda de flores de corte: Generación de datos e investigación de mercado
Creators: name: Cordomí, Mariana Delgado
name: Perez, Gonzalo Antonio
name: Talassino, Mauricio Rodrigo
name: Cordomí, Mariana Delgado
name: Perez, Gonzalo Antonio
name: Talassino, Mauricio Rodrigo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Cut-flowers
subject: flower shop
subject: market

description: M. Delgado Cordomí, G. Antonio Perez and M. Rodrigo Talassino. The cut-flower demand: Data generation and marketing research. There is low information about cut flower market to support to the producer’s trade in the Tucumán’s province. The aim of this study was to conduct a market survey of cut flowers in the Tucumán’s province. Also we analyzed the perception of traders from their suppliers as well as consumer preferences in order to contribute to development. We applied two surveys: The first one was applied to florist and the second was applied to potential consumers. Through descriptive statistics we characterized product demand. The main results revealed the existence of price’s variability for the same kind of flower sold in different flower-shop. The reasons of these were the quality difference of the product, market segmentation and information asymmetries. The cemetery florist sellers have the main purchase frequency to the providers, but low volume. Therefore they are forced to deal with local intermediaries while commercial florists deal directly with producers in the region. The sales peaks are explained for certain key day during the year. The main attribute perceived by flower’s consumers is the price, so the demand is very elastic. This research will provide information to improve the make-decisions floriculture producers and traders.
Additional file 1 of Decreased gray matter volume and dynamic functional alterations in medicine-free obsessive-compulsive disorder
Creators: name: Ding, Zhenning
name: Ding, Zhipeng
name: Chen, Yunhui
name: Lv, Dan
name: Li, Tong
name: Shang, Tinghuizi
name: Ma, Jidong
name: Zhan, Chuang
name: Yang, Xu
name: Xiao, Jian
name: Sun, Zhenghai
name: Wang, Na
name: Guo, Wenbin
name: Li, Chengchong
name: Yu, Zengyan
name: Li, Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1 Tables and Figures
MOESM1 of Randomised controlled trial of the short-term effects of OROS-methylphenidate on ADHD symptoms and behavioural outcomes in young male prisoners with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (CIAO-II)
Creators: name: Asherson, Philip
name: Johansson, Lena
name: Holland, Rachel
name: Fahy, Tom
name: Forester, Andrew
name: Howitt, Sheila
name: Lawrie, Stephen
name: Strang, John
name: Young, Susan
name: Landau, Sabine
name: Thomson, Lindsay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. : Information sheet and consent form for the screening stage and trial stage of the study. (DOCX 44 kb)
Structural variations in cyclopentadienyl uranium(III) iodide complexes
Creators: name: Wedal, Justin C.
name: Windorff, Cory J.
name: Huh, Daniel N.
name: Ryan, Austin J.
name: Ziller, Joseph W.
name: Evans, William J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Eight cyclopentadienyl U(III) iodide complexes have been synthesized from UI3 and crystallographically characterized to show the variations that can occur with this ligand set and uranium in the +3 oxidation state: (C5Me5)2UI(THF), {[K(OEt2)2][(C5Me5)2U(µ–I)2]}2, [K(18-crown-6)][(C5Me5)2U(µ–I)2], [K(2.2.2-cryptand)][(C5Me5)2UI2], [Li(THF)4][(C5Me5)2UI2], [Li(THF)3][(C5Me5)2UI(µ–I)], {[K(18-crown-6)]2(µ–toluene)}{[C5H3(SiMe3)2]2UI(µ–I)}2 and [(C5Me5)U]3(µ3–I)2 (µ–I)3I(THF)2. The structures show that small modifications in synthetic and crystallization procedures lead to changes in the coordination mode of the isolated product such that many structural options are available that can only be defined by X-ray crystallography. These variations highlight the many low energy options available in the reaction chemistry of this combination of metal and ligands.
Theory of deep ultraviolet generation at maximum coherence assisted by Stark-chirped two-photon resonance
Creators: name: Myslivets, S. A.
name: Popov, A. K.
name: Kimberg, V. V.
name: George, Thomas F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme is analyzed for effcient generation of vacuum ultraviolet radiation through four-wave mixing processes assisted by the technique of Stark-chirped rapid adiabatic passage. These opportunities are associated with pulse excitation of laddertype short-wavelength two-photon atomic or molecular transitions so that relaxation processes can be neglected. In this three-laser technique, a delayed-pulse of strong oR-resonant infrared radiation sweeps the laser-induced Stark-shift of a two-photon transition in a such way that facilitates robust maximum two-photon coherence induced by the first ultraviolet laser. A judiciously delayed third pulse scatters at this coherence and generates short-wavelength radiation. A theoretical analysis of these problems based on the density matrix is performed. A numerical model is developed to carry out simulations of a typical experiment. The results illustrate a behavior of populations, coherence and generated radiation along the medium as well as opportunities of effcient generation of deep (vacuum) ultraviolet radiation.
description: 26 pages, 20 figures
AI-Assisted Human Evaluation of Machine Translation
Creators: name: Zouhar, Vilém
name: Kocmi, Tom
name: Sachan, Mrinmaya
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Annually, research teams spend large amounts of money to evaluate the quality of machine translation systems (WMT, inter alia). This is expensive because it requires a lot of expert human labor. The recently adopted annotation protocol, Error Span Annotation (ESA), has annotators marking erroneous parts of the translation and then assigning a final score. A lot of the annotator time is spent on scanning the translation for possible errors. In our work, we help the annotators by pre-filling the error annotations with recall-oriented automatic quality estimation. With this AI assistance, we obtain annotations at the same quality level while cutting down the time per span annotation by half (71s/error span $\rightarrow$ 31s/error span). The biggest advantage of ESA$^\mathrm{AI}$ protocol is an accurate priming of annotators (pre-filled error spans) before they assign the final score. This also alleviates a potential automation bias, which we confirm to be low. In addition, the annotation budget can be reduced by almost 25\% with filtering of examples that the AI deems to be very likely to be correct.
description: arXiv
Phase-controlled spin and charge currents in superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids
Creators: name: Rezaei, Ali
name: Hussein, Robert
name: Kamra, Akashdeep
name: Belzig, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spin-dependent quasiparticle and Cooper-pair transport through a central node interfaced with two superconductors and two ferromagnets. We demonstrate that voltage biasing of the ferromagnetic contacts induces superconducting triplet correlations on the node and reverses the supercurrent flowing between the two superconducting contacts. We further find that such triplet correlations can mediate a tunable spin current flow into the ferromagnetic contacts. Our key finding is that unequal spin-mixing conductances for the two interfaces with the ferromagnets result in equal-spin triplet correlations on the node, detectable via a net charge current between the two magnets. Our proposed device thus enables the generation, control, and detection of the typically elusive equal-spin triplet Cooper pairs.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Impacto Ambiental y Económico de la Liberalización de Maíz Genéticamente Modificado (GM) en Chile
Creators: name: Osorio, José Díaz
name: Jara-Rojas, Roberto
name: Moya, Francisco
name: Osorio, José Díaz
name: Jara-Rojas, Roberto
name: Moya, Francisco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Seed production
subject: GM corn
subject: environmental impacts
subject: economics impact

description: J. Díaz Osorio, R. Jara-Rojas and F. Moya. 2012. Environmental and economic impact to the liberalization of genetic modified maize in Chile. Currently, about 125 million of hectares of GM crops are grown in 25 countries. Some authors establish that GM crops have contributed to reduce the environmental impact of agriculture and reduce the use of machinery and chemicals. In Chile, seed production of GM crops is only allowed for export purposes; however, it cannot be used as input for commercial purposes. On the other hand, Chile allows imports of GM products from other countries. The adoption of GM is not only a farmer’s decision, but requires an agreement of many government agencies of the country. This research analyzes the possibility of grown GM crops in Chile for commercial purposes and examines the environmental impact that this decision would have. Besides, different scenarios were created for production of GM corn using information from Chilean farmers, experts and international experience. The results indicate that farmers could increase incomes in 20-76 dollars per hectare. Also, GM Corn provides substantial environmental benefits as it would reduce consumption to 16 liters of diesel. Thus, it is possible to reduce 42.5 kilograms of CO2 for each hectare. Roundup Ready does not reduce the kilograms of active ingredient applied, but Bt and Bt + RR reduce 37.6% and 40.2% of kilograms of active ingredient, respectively. More investigation is needed to analyze the potential impacts of GM seeds on local biodiversity.
The Costs and Benefits of Pierce's Disease Research in the California Winegrape Industry
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Fuller, Kate B.
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
name: Tumber, Kabir P.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Fuller, Kate B.
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
name: Tumber, Kabir P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Pierce’s Disease research
subject: exotic pest
subject: simulation model
subject: perennial crop model
subject: California wine and winegrapes

description: Pierce’s Disease (PD) of grapevines costs more than $100 million per year, even with public control programs in place that cost $50 million per year (Tumber et al., 2012). If the PD Control Program ended, and the GWSS was distributed freely throughout California, the annual cost to the winegrape industry would increase by more than $185 million (Alston et al., 2012). Using a simulation model of the market for California winegrapes, we estimate the benefits from research, development and adoption of PD-resistant vines as ranging from $4 million to $125 million annually over a 50 year horizon, depending on the length of the R&D lag and the rate of adoption. In addition to these quantitative results the paper offers insight into the broader question of economic evaluation of damage-mitigation technology for perennial crops.
Classifying Usage Control and Data Provenance Architectures
Creators: name: Wagner, Paul Georg
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2021

description: Given the ubiquity of data acquisition and processing in our everyday life,protecting data sovereignty in distributed systems is a significant topic ofresearch. Usage control and provenance tracking systems are very promisingsteps towards a technical solution for the problem of data sovereignty. However,due to their complexity and diversity these systems are still not fully understood.In this work we investigate the functionality of usage control and provenancetracking systems. We classify them into three different categories based on theirsecurity goals and properties. Furthermore we identify generic use cases forthese systems that help to understand what attack vectors system operators haveto be mindful of.
Study of long-term flux and photon Index distributions of blazars using RXTE observations
Creators: name: Khatoon, Rukaiya
name: Shah, Zahir
name: Misra, Ranjeev
name: Gogoi, Rupjyoti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of flux and index distributions of three blazars (one FSRQ and two BL Lacs) by using 16 years of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer archival data. The three blazars were chosen such that their flux and index distributions have sufficient number of data points ($\geq$90) with relatively less uncertainty ($\bar{σ_{err}^{2}}/σ^{2}$<0.2) in light curves. Anderson-Darling (AD) test and histogram fitting shows that flux distribution of FSRQ 3C273 is log-normal, while its photon index distribution is Gaussian. This result is consistent with linear Gaussian perturbation in the particle acceleration time-scale, which produces log-normal distribution in flux. However, for two BL Lacs viz. Mkn501 and Mkn421, AD test shows that their flux distributions are neither Gaussian nor log-normal, and their index distributions are non-normal. The histogram fitting of Mkn501 and Mkn421, suggests that their flux distributions are more likely to be a bi-modal, and their index distributions are double Gaussian. Since, Sinha et al. (2018) had shown that Gaussian distribution of index produces a log-normal distribution in flux, double Gaussian distribution of index in Mkn501 and Mkn421 indicates that their flux distributions are probably double log-normal. Observation of double log-normal flux distribution with double Gaussian distribution in index reaffirms two flux states hypothesis. Further, the difference observed in the flux distribution of FSRQ (3C273) and BL Lacs (Mkn501 and Mkn421) at X-rays, suggest that the low energy emitting electrons have a single log-normal flux distribution while the high energy ones have a double log-normal flux distribution.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 3 of High leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number contributes to poor prognosis in breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenzhe
name: Lin, Songping
name: Zeng, Bangwei
name: Chen, Xiaobin
name: Chen, Lili
name: Chen, Minyan
name: Guo, Wenhui
name: Lin, Yuxiang
name: Yu, Liuwen
name: Hou, Jialin
name: Li, Yan
name: Li, Shengmei
name: Jin, Xuan
name: Cai, Weifeng
name: Zhang, Kun
name: Nie, Qian
name: Chen, Hanxi
name: Li, Jing
name: He, Peng
name: Cai, Qindong
name: Qiu, Yibin
name: Wang, Chuan
name: Fu, Fangmeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
MOESM10 of Chromosome level assembly and comparative genome analysis confirm lager-brewing yeasts originated from a single hybridization
Creators: name: Salazar, Alex
name: Vries, Arthur Gorter De
name: Broek, Marcel
name: Brouwers, Nick
name: CortÃ¨S, Pilar Torre
name: Kuijpers, Niels
name: Jean-Marc Daran
name: Abeel, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 10: Table S2. Homozygous sub-regions of the S. cerevisiae sub-genome used for the SNP-based phylogenetic analysis.