Cionus tamazo Kono. We 1930
Creators: name: Košťál, Michael
name: Caldara, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Cionus
Cionus tamazo

description: 24. Cionus tamazo Kôno, 1930
Figs 24 a–f.
Cionus tamazo Kôno, 1930: 149. Zumpt, 1937: 222. Caldara, 2013: 124. Alonso-Zarazaga et al., 2017: 186.
Type locality. Hokkaido (Japan).
Type series. Kôno described the species based on 16 specimens collected on Kuriles Islands, Hokkaido and Honshu without designating the holotype. In coll. Kôno (EIHU), there is a well-preserved pinned male, which was photographed by S. Sejima and designated by Sejima and Yoshitake as the lectotype of C. tamazo Kôno. We have seen high resolution photographs of the specimen and its labels. Pictures (dorsal and lateral) sufficiently allow to identify the specimen and to confirm the identification of our material. The lectotype is labeled “ Hokkaido H. Kono / ♂ / Cionus tamazo Kôno Type [red label] / SYNTYPE The label attached by OHARA and HIRONAGA 2006 / 0000000805 Sys. Ent Hokkaido Univ. Japan [SEHU] / [LECTOTYPE] ♂ Cionus tamazo Kôno, 1930 des. Shouma SEJIMA & Hiraku YOSHITAKE, 2017”. Before the present designation, there was no formal recognition of this status. At the moment of preparation of our manuscript this designation was not yet published. The specimen proposed for the lectotype is conspecific with C. tamazo Kôno as currently understood. We based the following redescription on other Japanese specimens undoubtedly conspecific with this specimen.
Synonyms. None.
Redescription. Male. Body medium stout, subrotund. Head: rostrum moderately slender, medium long (l/ w 5.6, Rl/Pl 1.23), black; in lateral view slightly evenly curved, same width from base to antennal insertion, then markedly tapered to apex; in dorsal view slightly broadened from base to antennal insertion, then parallel or very slightly narrowed to apex, basal part considerably laterally constricted, apical part dorsoventrally flattened; basal part very densely, longitudinally punctured with a few ribs, apical part semidensely punctured, shortly before apex smooth, shiny; basal part covered with up- and backwardly oriented, recumbent, small, thin, elongate whitish scales, apical part with subrecumbent to suberect, forwardly oriented longer hair-like scales. Head between eyes and eyes as in C. hortulanus. Antennae reddish-brown, club somewhat darkened, inserted at 0.65 of rostrum length; funicle of less than 0.7 scape length, segment 1 slightly wider than segment 2, segment 1 twice, segment 2 three times as long as wide, segments 3–4 as long as wide, segment 5 moderately transverse; club elongate, about three times as long as wide, of same length as funicle, completely covered with recumbent, tiny brownish hairs and sparse erect, longer, light brown sensilla. Pronotum: black, somewhat wider than long (Pl/Pw 0.66), finely evenly densely punctured, punctures round to subrotund, spaces between punctures equal to or smaller than puncture diameter; covered with unequally densely distributed, forwardly and medially oriented, recumbent to subrecumbent, elongate (l/w 4–8) yellowish scales; widest at base, then almost evenly conically narrowed to anterior margin, without apparent constriction, in lateral view almost flat in basal half, then falling to anterior margin. Prosternum: as in C. hortulanus. Scutellum: as in C. hortulanus. Elytra: black, in anterior 2/3 slightly rounded to subparallel, in apical third very broadly rounded, short (El/Ew 1.13); widest before half of their length, at base markedly wider than pronotum (Ew/Pw 1.70), humeri rounded, prominent, with only indistinct posthumeral impression; moderately convex on disc; interstria 1 from about 1/4 to 1/2 of medial length distinctly broadened, in preapical area slightly broadened, interstria 2 at same lengths on dorsum narrowed and constricted laterally, in preapical area of unchanged width encompassing medium large dorsal and preapical subrotund, black tomentous maculae without differently colored scale border; interstriae except perimacular areas of approximately equal width; odd interstriae with strikingly contrasting alternating black and yellowish patches of scales; striae shallow, formed by somewhat uneven single rows of densely arranged punctures; entire surface covered with semidensely arranged, recumbent, elongate (l/w 4–6), small yellowish scales concealing vast majority of integument. Venter: mesosternal process moderately narrow, without shallow incision at posterior margin, otherwise as in C. hortulanus. Legs: black, tarsi dark brown, onychia lighter, tibiae longer and slender, otherwise as in C. hortulanus. Penis: Figs 24 d–f, its body medium long, broadly rounded at apex.
Female. Rostrum slightly longer (Rl/Pl 1.29), in distal half of apical part shiny, with very sparse tiny punctures, antennal insertion closer to mid-length, in 0.57 of rostrum length. Ventrites 1 and 2 without impression, convex. Claws equally long.
Variability. Length ♂♂ 4.08–4.61 mm, ♀♀ 3.98–4.82 mm. Similarly to C. hortulanus, it is a very variable species in elytral pattern, color of antennae, length of club, shape of tibiae, and width of the body of penis. The number of white spots on odd interstriae varies considerably, but they are always present. The color of antennae varies from almost black to reddish-brown. In some specimens, tibiae at their protibio-femoral junction are bent inwardly. There are even specimens, where one protibia is bent and the other one straight. The body of penis varies rather considerably in its width. Ventral characters do not show this degree of variability.
Diagnosis. Tis species is recognizable by hardly visible elytral integument, in lateral view apical part of rostrum in both sexes tapered, shiny in females, deep impression on ventrites 1 and 2 in males, and penis shape.
Comparative notes. This species is mostly related to C. hortulanus from which it differs by elongate antennal club, black elytra, striking elytral “black and white” pattern, darker to black tarsi and usually evenly conically narrowed pronotum.
Biological notes. Chujô collected this species in Kuwadaira (Shikoku, Japan) on Paulownia tomentosa Kanitz.
Distribution. This is a very widely distributed species. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku), South Korea, North Korea, Russian Federation (Primorie, Kuril Islands, South-Eastern Siberia), eastern China (Fujian, Nei Mongol, Yunnan).
Non-type specimens examined. We examined 56 specimens from the above countries. CHINA: Fujian, Shaowu. JAPAN: Chuzenji Lake, Kuwadaira, Nikko, Shikoku, Tochigi. SOUTH KOREA: Seishin.
description: Published as part of Košťál, Michael & Caldara, Roberto, 2019, Revision of Palaearctic species of the genus Cionus Clairville (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cionini), pp. 1-144 in Zootaxa 4631 (1) on pages 45-46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4631.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3294117