cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deciphering genomic codes using advanced NLP techniques: a scoping review
Creators: name: Cheng, Shuyan
name: Wei, Yishu
name: Zhou, Yiliang
name: Xu, Zihan
name: Wright, Drew N
name: Liu, Jinze
name: Peng, Yifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objectives: The vast and complex nature of human genomic sequencing data presents challenges for effective analysis. This review aims to investigate the application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) and transformer architectures, in deciphering genomic codes, focusing on tokenization, transformer models, and regulatory annotation prediction. The goal of this review is to assess data and model accessibility in the most recent literature, gaining a better understanding of the existing capabilities and constraints of these tools in processing genomic sequencing data.
 Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, our scoping review was conducted across PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and ACM Digital Library. Studies were included if they focused on NLP methodologies applied to genomic sequencing data analysis, without restrictions on publication date or article type.
 Results: A total of 26 studies published between 2021 and April 2024 were selected for review. The review highlights that tokenization and transformer models enhance the processing and understanding of genomic data, with applications in predicting regulatory annotations like transcription-factor binding sites and chromatin accessibility.
 Discussion: The application of NLP and LLMs to genomic sequencing data interpretation is a promising field that can help streamline the processing of large-scale genomic data while also providing a better understanding of its complex structures. It has the potential to drive advancements in personalized medicine by offering more efficient and scalable solutions for genomic analysis. Further research is also needed to discuss and overcome current limitations, enhancing model transparency and applicability.
Numerical Study on the Effect of Port Orientation on Multiple Inclined Dense Jets
Creators: name: Saeidi Hosseini, Seyed Ahmad Reza
name: Mohammadian, Abdolmajid
name: Roberts, Philip J. W.
name: Abessi, Ozeair
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: numerical simulations
multiple discharges
inclined dense jets
mixing and dilution
discharge inclination

description: Wastewaters are commonly discharged into the seas and oceans through multiport diffusers. Accurate prediction of the complex interactions of multiport diffusers with the receiving water bodies is significant for the optimal design of outfall systems and has yet to be fully illuminated. In the current study, the mixing and dilution characteristics of multiple inclined dense jets are studied using a three-dimensional numerical simulation. The Launder, Reece, and Rodi (LRR) turbulence model is employed to perform the simulations, and the predictions are compared against available experimental data. The results indicate that the LRR turbulence model is a promising tool for the study of inclined dense jets discharged from multiport diffusers, and it can provide more accurate predictions of the mixing behavior than standard and re-normalization group (RNG) k-ε turbulence models. The model is further employed to evaluate and compare the dispersion capabilities of multiport diffusers with uniform and non-uniform jet orientation to the horizontal, as a novel idea. The comparisons demonstrate the middle discharge may have a longer trajectory (7% and 5% increase in terminal rise height and impact point distance, respectively) and therefore a higher dilution rate (14% increase in impact dilution) when its adjacent jets are disposed with a different angle, compared to that of uniform discharges. The outcomes may be favorable for outfall systems applications involving dilution.
Angular momentum effects in neutron decay
Creators: name: Pavlov, I.
name: Chaikovskaia, A.
name: Karlovets, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the intriguing phenomenon of beta decay of a free neutron in a non-plane-wave(structured) state. Our analysis covers three types of states: unpolarized vortex (Bessel) neutrons that possess nonzero orbital angular momentum (OAM), Laguerre-Gaussian wave packets, and spin-correlated OAM (spin-orbit) states characterized by unique polarization patterns. These states are of particular interest as they have recently been generated in neutron optics experiments and have promising applications in studies of quantum magnetic materials. The spectral-angular distributions (SAD) of the emitted electrons and protons are examined. We show that the high sensitivity of the protons SAD to the structure of the neutron wave packet can be used as a tool to extract the distinctive features of the non-plane-wave neutron states. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the angular distribution of the emitted particles serves as a reflection of the spatial symmetries inherent to the neutron wave packet.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures
MPEC 2024-D118 : S/2022 J 3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Approximation Algorithms for the Unsplittable Flow Problem
Creators: name: Chakribarti, Amit
name: Chekuri, Chandra
name: Gupta, Anupam
name: Kumar, Amit
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present approximation algorithms for the unsplittable flow problem (UFP) on undirected graphs. As is standard in this line of research, we assume that the maximum demand is at most the minimum capacity. We focus on the non-uniform capacity case in which the edge capacities can vary arbitrarily over the graph. Our results are: – - For undirected graphs we obtain a O(Δα-1 log2 n) approximation ratio, where n is the number of vertices, Δ the maximum degree, and α the expansion of the graph. Our ratio is capacity independent and improves upon the earlier O(Δα-1(c max/c min) log n) bound [15] for large values of c max/c min. Furthermore, if we specialize to the case where all edges have the same capacity, our algorithm gives an O(Δα-1 log n) approximation, which matches the performance of the best-known algorithm [15] for this special case. – - For certain strong constant-degree expanders considered by Frieze [10] we obtain an O(√log n) approximation for the uniform capacity case, improving upon the current O(log n) approximation. – - For UFP on the line and the ring, we give the first constant-factor approximation algorithms. Previous results addressed only the uniform capacity case. – - All of the above results improve if the maximum demand is bounded away from the minimum capacity
title: Fauna of New Zealand 47: Erotylidae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cucujoidea): phylogeny and review
Creators: name: Leschen, RAB
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2003

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
A Lie-theoretic description of the solution space of the tt*-Toda equations
Creators: name: Guest, Martin
name: Ho, Nan-Kuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T40, 22E10, 53C43, 34M40

description: We give a Lie-theoretic explanation for the convex polytope which parametrizes the globally smooth solutions of the topological-antitopological fusion equations of Toda type (tt$^*$-Toda equations) which were introduced by Cecotti and Vafa. It is known from [GL] [GIL1] [M1] [M2] that these solutions can be parametrized by monodromy data of a certain flat $SL_{n+1}\mathbb{R}$-connection. Using Boalch's Lie-theoretic description of Stokes data, and Steinberg's description of regular conjugacy classes of a linear algebraic group, we express this monodromy data as a convex subset of a Weyl alcove of $SU_{n+1}$.
description: 27 pages
Travailleurs migrants et accès aux soins de santé : quelle est l’influence de l’admissibilité aux soins sur la trajectoire de la santé au travail ?
Creators: name: Hanley, Jill
name: Gravel, Sylvie
name: Lippel, Katherine
name: Koo, Jah-Hon
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: travailleurs migrants
immigration
santé et sécurité au travail
assurance maladie
services de santé

description: Cet article présente les résultats d’une étude exploratoire sur l’accès aux services de santé des migrants à statut précaire. Une enquête a été menée auprès de 211 hommes et femmes migrants, et parmi ceux-ci, 31 ont été retenus pour un entretien en profondeur. Pour cet article, nous présentons les résultats concernant 78 travailleurs comprenant ceux recrutés en tant que travailleurs (travailleurs étrangers temporaires) ou qui n’ont pas d’accès au filet de sécurité sociale et doivent habituellement travailler (les sans-papiers). Une revue de la littérature est présentée, reliant le statut migratoire à l’accès aux soins de santé et aux problèmes de santé au travail. Nous présentons la méthodologie et ensuite les résultats qui décrivent les réseaux sociaux auxquels les travailleurs migrants ont recours pour répondre à leurs préoccupations en matière de santé, comprenant notamment les professionnels du Québec, et des ressources transnationales en santé. Ces résultats pourront être utiles aux professionnels de la SST pour comprendre certains obstacles auxquels font face les travailleurs migrants ayant subi un accident du travail ou une maladie professionnelle. Les difficultés d’accès aux soins de santé peuvent-elles compromettre le recours des travailleurs migrants victimes de lésions professionnelles ?
Pauli metallic ground-state in Hubbard clusters with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Brosco, Valentina
name: Guerci, Daniele
name: Capone, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the "phase diagram" of a Hubbard plaquette with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. We show that the peculiar way in which Rashba coupling breaks the spin-rotational symmetry of the Hubbard model allows a mixing of singlet and triplet components in the ground-state that slows down and it changes the nature of the Mott transition and of the Mott insulating phases.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures + Supplemental Material. References corrected in the last version
An unequal burden: Trends in prevalence and distribution of multimorbidity in Canada
Creators: name: Mehta, Sofia
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018

description: Multimorbidity poses a major challenge to health care systems around the world. In this study, I estimated the trends in prevalence of multimorbidity in the Canadian adult population. Furthermore, I substantiated the findings of Roberts et al. (2015) by examining the socio-economic and health and behavioural risk factors associated with multimorbidity. I pooled the Canadian Community Health Survey cycles from 2007-2013 to obtain a sample size of 451, 734 Canadian adults. Multimorbidity was defined as two or more and three or more chronic diseases from a list of eight. I conducted logistic regression analysis to determine the overall and stratified by age groups time trends in prevalence of multimorbidity as well as determinants of multimorbidity. Prevalence of two or more chronic diseases increased from 11.8% to 12.6% and three or more chronic diseases increased from 3.6% to 3.9% from 2007 to 2013 and this increase in prevalence of multimorbidity was largely due an ageing population. In the overall population, female sex, older age, low household income, being Canadian-born in comparison to being an immigrant, high blood pressure, high stress, obesity, smoking and physical inactivity were associated with multimorbidity. With a rise in proportion of Canadians aged 65 years and older, the prevalence of multimorbidity is also expected to rise. This rising burden of multimorbidity will require health authorities to scale-up the successful integrated care pilots to improve the management of patients with multimorbidity. Since Canadians living in the lowest socio-economic group are more likely to develop multimorbidity, preventative measures such as social assistance programs will need continuous improvements to address the root causes of poor health outcomes.
Les Cahiers du journalisme et de l’information Volume 2, no.7
Creators: name: Labasse, Bertrand
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Journalisme;Revue Journalistique;Communication;Cahiers du Journalisme;Journalisme Francophone;Études Journalistiques;Médias;Média;Règles du Journalisme;Presse;Journaliste;Journalistes Environnementaux;Source journalistique;Source Anonyme;Journalisme et Réseaux Sociaux;Journalisme et Nouveaux Médias;sciences de l'information et de la communication

description: Fondés il y a plus de vingt ans à l'instigation de Patrick Pépin et de Pierre Bourdieu, qui en signait le premier article, Les Cahiers du journalisme prennent un nouveau départ. Cette seconde série associe désormais la perspective d'une revue de réflexion ouverte à des analyses et points de vue variés (Les Cahiers du journalisme - Débats), à celle d'une revue de recherche internationale publiant des dossiers, des articles et des notes soumis à évaluation scientifique externe (Les Cahiers du journalisme - Recherches). Elle prolonge ainsi le rôle majeur qu'elle a joué dans le développement des travaux et des échanges sur le journalisme francophone, en favorisant un dialogue ouvert entre les professionnels et les chercheurs sans pour autant méconnaître les spécificités de leurs approches respectives.
Probing the muon g_μ-2 anomaly, L_μ - L_τ gauge boson and Dark Matter in dark photon experiments
Creators: name: Gninenko, S. N.
name: Krasnikov, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the L_μ - L_τ model the 3.6$σ$ discrepancy between the predicted and measured values of the anomalous magnetic moment of positive muons can be explained by the existence of a new dark boson Z' with a mass in the sub-GeV range, which is coupled at tree level predominantly to the second and third lepton generations. However, at the one-loop level, the Z' coupling to electrons or quarks can be induced via the γ-Z' kinetic mixing, which is generated through the loop involving the muon and tau lepton. This loophole has important experimental consequences since it opens up new possibilities, in particular for the complementary searches of the Z' in the ongoing NA64 and incoming dark photon experiments with high-energy electrons. An extension of the model able to explain relic Dark Matter density is also discussed.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Reconfigurable generation and measurement of mutually unbiased bases for time-bin qudits
Creators: name: Lukens, Joseph M.
name: Islam, Nurul T.
name: Lim, Charles Ci Wen
name: Gauthier, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method for implementing mutually unbiased generation and measurement of time-bin qudits using a cascade of electro-optic phase modulator -- coded fiber Bragg grating pairs. Our approach requires only a single spatial mode and can switch rapidly between basis choices. We obtain explicit solutions for dimensions $d=2,3,4$ that realize all $d+1$ possible mutually unbiased bases and analyze the performance of our approach in quantum key distribution. Given its practicality and compatibility with current technology, our approach provides a promising springboard for scalable processing of high-dimensional time-bin states.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Social Capital and Having a Regular Family Doctor: Evidence from Longitudinal Data
Creators: name: Bataineh, Hana
name: Devlin, Rose Anne
name: Barham, Vicky
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Social Capital
Social Networks
Regular Family Doctor
National Population Health Survey

description: Evidence shows that access to a regular family doctor increases the likelihood of regular care; but about 15% of the Canadian population does not have access to a regular family doctor. We are the first to examine if the presence of individual social capital (e.g., tangible support, friends and family) increases the likelihood of having a regular family doctor. Using the Canadian National Population Health longitudinal survey (1994 to 2010) and a dynamic random effects model (with and without endogenous initial conditions) we find robust evidence of a statistically significant and positive causal relationship between social capital and the probability of having a regular family doctor. Since past access to a family doctor is a strong predictor of both current and future access, we show that social capital is much more important in helping individuals find a family doctor than for keeping one.
Approximation Algorithms for Orienteering and Discounted-Reward TSP
Creators: name: Avrim  Blum
name: Shuchi  Chawla
name: Karger, David R.
name: Terran  Lane
name: Meyerson, Adam
name: Minkoff, Maria
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we give the first constant-factor approximation algorithm for the rooted ORIENTEERING problem, as well as a new problem that we call the DISCOUNTED-REWARD-TSP, motivated by robot navigation. In both problems, we are given a graph with lengths on edges and rewards on nodes, and a start node s. In the ORIENTEERING problem, the goal is to find a path starting at s that maximizes the reward collected, subject to a hard limit on the total length of the path. In the DISCOUNTED-REWARD-TSP, instead of a length limit we are given a discount factor γ, and the goal is to maximize total discounted reward collected, where reward for a node reached at time t is discounted by γt. This problem is motivated by an approximation to a planning problem in the Markov decision process (MDP) framework under the commonly employed infinite horizon discounted reward optimality criterion. The approximation arises from a need to deal with exponentially large state spaces that emerge when trying to model one-time events and non-repeatable rewards (such as for package deliveries). We also consider tree and multiple-path variants of these problems and provide approximations for those as well. Although the unrooted ORIENTEERING problem, where there is no fixed start node s, has been known to be approximable using algorithms for related problems such as k-TSP (in which the amount of reward to be collected is fixed and the total length is approximately minimized), ours is the first to approximate the rooted question, solving an open problem [3, 1]. We complement our approximation result for ORIENTEERING by showing that the problem is APX-hard.
$[SU(2)]^3$ Dark Matter
Creators: name: Ma, Ernest
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extra $SU(2)_D$ gauge factor is added to the well-known left-right extension of the standard model (SM) of quarks and leptons. Under $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R \times SU(2)_D$, two fermion bidoublets $(2,1,2)$ and $(1,2,2)$ are assumed. The resulting model has an automatic dark $U(1)$ symmetry, in the same way that the SM has automatic baryon and lepton $U(1)$ symmetries. Phenomenological implications are discussed, as well as the possible origin of this proposal.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, details partly modified
title: Fauna of New Zealand 48: Scaphidiinae (Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae)
Creators: name: Löbl, I
name: Leschen, RAB
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2003

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
A WebQuest no 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico: um estudo de caso com alunos do 4º ano de escolaridade
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Ema Emília
Publisher: name: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
Year: 2016

description: As WebQuests são uma estratégia pedagógica que promove a investigação e a pesquisa na Internet, por parte dos alunos, de uma forma orientada mas autónoma. Esta metodologia faculta uma forma dos alunos desenvolverem as suas capacidades de seleção e estruturação da informação pesquisada em colaboração e cooperação com os seus colegas. Trata-se de uma metodologia centrada numa aprendizagem cooperativa e colaborativa que pretende que os alunos se responsabilizem tanto pelo seu próprio processo de aprendizagem como pelo dos seus pares, desenvolvendo as capacidades de seleção, análise e síntese da informação e promovendo, desta forma, a construção partilhada do conhecimento. Desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso numa turma da investigadora, que teve como objetivo, perceber de que forma a WebQuest pode contribuir para a melhoria da capacidade de pesquisa de informação, se a resolução da mesma desenvolve estratégias de colaboração e cooperação no trabalho de grupo e qual o feedback dos alunos. Ao trabalhar de forma colaborativa, os alunos tomam consciência que, ao fazê-lo, a tarefa é realizada de uma forma mais agradável e os resultados são melhores. Palavras-chave: Internet; WebQuest; Colaboração; Cooperação
description: Eduser - Revista de Educação, v. 5 n. 2 (2013): Eduser - Revista de Educação
Additional file 1 of A gene signature is critical for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma stem cell self-renewal and chemotherapeutic response
Creators: name: Huang, Lifeng
name: Xu, Dongwei
name: Qian, Yawei
name: Zhang, Xiaoqiang
name: Guo, Han
name: Sha, Meng
name: Hu, Rui
name: Kong, Xiaoni
name: Xia, Qiang
name: Zhang, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1: mRNAsi expression and associated key genes in ICC. Figure S2: Different soft threshold was analyzed to ensure a scale-free network. Figure S3: The correlation of 4-key-genes in non-CSC. Figure S4: The stemness and methionine cycle activity in ICC cell line. Figure S5: MRPL11 and COX8A are associated with stemness maintenance of cholangiocarcinoma CSCs. Figure S6: Pluripotent transcription factors were analyzed in various conditions. Figure S7: Flow cytometry analysis showed the overexpression of 4-key-genes could increase CD133+/CD44+ population in RBE cell. Figure S8: 4-key-genes level in CSC and non-CSC. Figure S9: The involvement of 4-key-genes in tumor proliferation. Figure S10: Cell viability was analyzed in 4-key-genes depletion and overexpression after treatment with 5-Fu. Figure S11: ICC with adjuvant TACE tends to recurrence when having high transcriptional level of the 4-key-genes. Figure S12: Kaplan–Meier analysis of the overall survival and cumulative recurrence in correlation with 4-key-genes expression in validation cohort. Figure S13: MRPL11 and COX8A could promote ICC stemness features in a MAT2A-dependent manner. Figure S14: Pluripotent transcription factors were analyzed in RBE cell lines. Figure S15: The Wnt pathway activity and methionine metabolites in CSC and non-CSC. Figure S16: 4-key-genes could enhance EMT in ICC cells. Figure S17: The tumor growth curves of each group were summarized. Figure S18: The ROC curve of our nomogram for survival prediction in primary and validation cohort. Figure S19: Dietary methionine restriction for ICC patients with adjuvant TACE in validation cohort. Figure S20: Methionine therapy for ICC patients with adjuvant TACE in primary and validation cohort.
Spacetime-curvature induced uncertainty principle: linking the large-structure global effects to the local black hole physics
Creators: name: Pantig, Reggie C.
name: Lambiase, Gaetano
name: Övgün, Ali
name: Lobos, Nikko John Leo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper links the advanced formulation of the Generalized Uncertainty Principle, termed the Asymptotic Generalized Extended Uncertainty Principle (AGEUP), to the corpuscular framework to derive the AGEUP-inspired black hole metric. The former incorporates spacetime curvature effects to explore black hole dynamics under quantum gravitational corrections, while the latter is a view that black holes are Bose-Einstein condensates of weakly interacting gravitons. In a particular case, the phenomenological union between the AGEUP with cosmological constant $Λ$ to the corpuscular framework enabled a black hole metric that has a scaled mass, which depends on $Λ$ and the Planck length $l_{\rm Pl}$. Interesting implications occur, such as the maximum limit for mass $M$ where $Λ$ ceases to influence the black hole. Another is the derived value of the modulation factor of the EUP term, $α$, if the large-scale fundamental length is defined solely as the cosmological horizon. Additional analyses were done through the shadow and deflection angle phenomena, deriving constraints on the quantum gravity modulation parameter $β$. Constraints from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) and Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) are discussed as avenues for verifying AGEUP-related deviations in black hole shadow radius and deflection angles, offering potential observational evidence of quantum gravitational effects at astrophysical scales. The findings suggest that AGEUP could be instrumental in providing hints on the quantum gravity nature of black holes, particularly in high-energy astrophysical contexts. By linking local black hole physics with large-scale curvature effects, AGEUP paves the way for further research at the intersection of quantum gravity and cosmology, with implications for observational astrophysics and the fundamental structure of spacetime.
description: 13 pages, 0 figures and tables. Published in Physics of the Dark Universe
Approximation Algorithms for Optimal Decision Trees and Adaptive TSP Problems
Creators: name: Gupta, Anupam
name: Ravishankar  Krishnaswamy
name: Viswanath  Nagarajan
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problemof constructing optimal decision trees: given a collection of tests which can disambiguate between a set of m possible diseases, each test having a cost, and the a-priori likelihood of the patient having any particular disease, what is a good adaptive strategy to perform these tests to minimize the expected cost to identify the disease? We settle the approximability of this problemby giving a tight O(logm)-approximation algorithm. The optimal decision tree problemwas known to be Ω(logm)-hard to approximate, and previously o(logm)-approximations were known only under either uniform costs or uniform probabilities. We also consider a more substantial generalization, the Adaptive TSP problem. Given an underlying metric space, a random subset S of cities is drawn from a known distribution, but S is initially unknown to us—we get information about whether any city is in S only when we visit the city in question. What is a good adaptive way of visiting all the cities in the random subset S while minimizing the expected distance traveled? For this adaptive TSP problem, we give the first polylogarithmic approximation, and show that this algorithm is best possible unless we can improve the approximation guarantees for the well-known group Steiner tree problem. We also give an approximation algorithm with the same guarantee for the adaptive traveling repairman problem.
On a revised concept of an event that allows linking nanodosimetry and microdosimetry in nanometric sites with macroscopic dosimetry
Creators: name: Rabus, Hans
name: Thomas, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work reviews the concepts of an event used in micro- and nanodosimetry and analyzes how single event distributions could theoretically be derived from probability distributions related to interactions of the primary particle which produce secondary electrons. It is shown that the corresponding mathematical expressions of conditional ionization cluster size distributions are alike those for the single event frequency distribution of energy imparted, particularly when all tracks are considered which intersect the volume in which interactions of the primary particle can result in energy deposits in the site. Track structure simulations of proton with energies between 1 MeV and 100 MeV are used to study how the occurrence of events depends on site size, beam radius, and proton energy. The range of impact parameters of particle tracks that contribute to energy imparted in a site appears not to depend on whether any energy deposits or only energy deposits by ionizations are considered. Since there is no longer a one-to-one correspondence between tracks passing a site and the occurrence of an event, it is proposed to use the fluence for which on average one event occurs as a substitute for single events. For protons, the product of this fluence and the site cross section or the average number of tracks necessary for an event shows an interesting dependence on site size and particle energy with asymptotic values close to unity for large sites and proton energies below 10 MeV. For a proton energy of 1 MeV, a minimum of the number of tracks is observed for sites between 5 nm and 10 nm diameter. The relative differences between the numbers of track per event on average obtained with different options of Geant4-DNA are in the order of 10 % and illustrate the need for further investigations into cross-section datasets and their uncertainties.
description: 39 pages, 8 Figs. plus 11 Suppl. Figs
A simple approach for power density calculation of spontaneous radiation emission from a finite emittance electron beam in planar undulators
Creators: name: Tiwari, Ganesh
name: Shaftan, Timur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the angular power density formulae for spontaneous radiation emission from planar undulators to include finite emittance and angular misalignment of the electron beam. Then we calculate and compare power densities estimated from integral approach with Gaussian beam distribution and summation approach with the macro-particle allocation covering the particle beam phase space. After showing that both approaches converge to each other, we apply the macro-particle approach to study power absorbed and transmitted by various apertures at the front end of the 9-ID beamline at the National Synchrotron Light Source-II. Our analysis indicate that the electron beam misalignment could lead to unwarranted power deposition at tighter apertures that would have been otherwise difficult to account in the aperture design/choice process using the geometric ray-tracing approach.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, spontaneous radiation, undulator radiation, electron storage rings
Contributos para uma prática avaliativa reguladora da aprendizagem
Creators: name: Ferreira, Carlos Alberto
Publisher: name: Instituto Politécnico de Bragança
Year: 2016

description: A regulação da aprendizagem constitui um processo que decorre da prática da avaliação formativa e que se traduz na adaptação da ação pedagógica aos diferentes percursos de aprendizagem dos alunos. A prática da regulação da aprendizagem pressupõe que, a partir do diagnóstico elaborado sobre o processo de aprendizagem dos alunos no contexto da avaliação formativa, seja proporcionado, ou construído com o aluno, um feedback descritivo das aprendizagens feitas e das dificuldades encontradas. Pressupõe, também, que, em função desse feedback, se decida sobre o tipo de regulação mais adequado aos alunos. Verificando-se que os professores realizam, sobretudo, práticas de avaliação formativa pontual e regulam a aprendizagem com estratégias corretivas, pretendemos aqui refletir sobre outros possíveis contributos para uma prática da avaliação reguladora da aprendizagem dos diferentes alunos. Palavras-Chave: regulação da aprendizagem; práticas de regulação da aprendizagem; melhoria das práticas.
description: Eduser - Revista de Educação, v. 5 n. 2 (2013): Eduser - Revista de Educação
title: Fauna of New Zealand 49: Lithinini (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae)
Creators: name: Weintraub, JD
name: Scoble, MJ
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2004

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193
RAPTOR I: Time-dependent radiative transfer in arbitrary spacetimes
Creators: name: Bronzwaer, Thomas
name: Davelaar, Jordy
name: Younsi, Ziri
name: Mościbrodzka, Monika
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Kramer, Michael
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational efforts to image the immediate environment of a black hole at the scale of the event horizon benefit from the development of efficient imaging codes that are capable of producing synthetic data, which may be compared with observational data. We aim to present RAPTOR, a new public code that produces accurate images, animations, and spectra of relativistic plasmas in strong gravity by numerically integrating the equations of motion of light rays and performing time-dependent radiative transfer calculations along the rays. The code is compatible with any analytical or numerical spacetime. It is hardware-agnostic and may be compiled and run both on GPUs and CPUs. We describe the algorithms used in RAPTOR and test the code's performance. We have performed a detailed comparison of RAPTOR output with that of other radiative-transfer codes and demonstrate convergence of the results. We then applied RAPTOR to study accretion models of supermassive black holes, performing time-dependent radiative transfer through general relativistic magneto-hydrodynamical (GRMHD) simulations and investigating the expected observational differences between the so-called fast-light and slow-light paradigms. Using RAPTOR to produce synthetic images and light curves of a GRMHD model of an accreting black hole, we find that the relative difference between fast-light and slow-light light curves is less than 5%. Using two distinct radiative-transfer codes to process the same data, we find integrated flux densities with a relative difference less than 0.01%. For two-dimensional GRMHD models, such as those examined in this paper, the fast-light approximation suffices as long as errors of a few percent are acceptable. The convergence of the results of two different codes demonstrates that they are, at a minimum, consistent.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables
Non-perturbative correction on the black hole geometry
Creators: name: Pourhassan, Behnam
name: Farahani, Hoda
name: Kazemian, Farideh
name: Sakallı, İzzet
name: Upadhyay, Sudhaker
name: Singh, Dharm Veer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we use the holographic principle to obtain a modified metric of black holes that reproduces the exponentially corrected entropy. The exponential correction of the black hole entropy comes from non-perturbative corrections. It interprets as a quantum effect which affects black hole thermodynamics especially in the infinitesimal scales. Hence, it may affect black hole stability at the final stage. Then, we study modified thermodynamics due to the non-perturbative corrections and calculate thermodynamics quantities of several non-rotating black holes.
description: 19 pages, 24 captioned figures, published in Physics of the Dark Universe
The Hubble constant from SN Refsdal
Creators: name: Vega-Ferrero, J.
name: Diego, J. M.
name: Miranda, V.
name: Bernstein, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hubble Space Telescope observations from December 11 2015 detected the expected fifth counter image of SN Refsdal at $z = 1.49$. In this letter, we compare the time delay predictions from numerous models with the measured value derived by \citet{Kelly2016a} from very early data in the light curve of the SN Refsdal, and find a best value for $H_0 = 64^{+9}_{-11}~\mathrm{km~s^{-1}~Mpc^{-1}}$ (68\% CL), in excellent agreement with predictions from CMB and recent weak lensing data + BAO + BBN (from the DES Collaboration). This is the first constraint on $H_0$ derived from time delays between multiple lensed SN images, and the first with a galaxy cluster lens, so subject to systematic effects different from other time-delay $H_0$ estimates. Additional time delay measurements from new multiply-imaged SNe will allow derivation of competitive constraints on $H_0$.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL
Approximation Algorithms for Low-Distortion Embeddings Into Low-Dimensional Spaces
Creators: name: Badiou, Mihai
name: Kedar  Dhamdhere
name: Gupta, Anupam
name: Rabinovich, Yuri
name: Racke, Harald
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
name: Anistasios  Sidiropoulos
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present several approximation algorithms for the problem of embedding metric spaces into a line, and into the two-dimensional plane. Among other results, we give an O(√n)-approximation algorithm for the problem of finding a line embedding of a metric induced by a given unweighted graph, that minimizes the (standard) multiplicative distortion. We give an improved Õ(n1/3) approximation for the case of metrics generated by unweighted trees. This is the first result of this type.
Manifestations of Broken Symmetry: The Surface Phases of Ca(2-x)Sr(x)RuO4
Creators: name: Moore, R. G.
name: Nascimento, V. B.
name: Zhang, Jiandi
name: Rundgren, J.
name: Jin, R.
name: Mandrus, D.
name: Plummer, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface structural phases of Ca(2-x)Sr(x)RuO(4) are investigated using quantitative Low Energy Electron Diffraction. The broken symmetry at the surface enhances the structural instability against the RuO6 rotational distortion while diminishing the instability against the RuO6 tilt distortion occurring within the bulk crystal. As a result, suppressed structural and electronic surface phase transition temperatures are observed, including the appearance of an inherent Mott metal-to-insulator transition for x = 0.1 and possible modifications of the surface quantum critical point near xc ~ 0.5.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Approximation Algorithms for Correlated Knapsacks and Non-Martingale Bandits
Creators: name: Gupta, Anupam
name: Ravishankar  Krishnamurthy
name: Molinaro, Marco
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the stochastic knapsack problem, we are given a knapsack of size B, and a set of items whose sizes and rewards are drawn from a known probability distribution. To know the actual size and reward we have to schedule the item-when it completes, we get to know these values. The goal is to schedule the items (possibly making adaptive decisions based on the sizes seen so far) to maximize the expected total reward of items which successfully pack into the knapsack. We know constant-factor approximations when (i) the rewards and sizes are independent, and (ii) we cannot prematurely cancel items after we schedule them. What if either or both assumptions are relaxed? Related stochastic packing problems are the multi-armed bandit (and budgeted learning) problems, here one is given several arms which evolve in a specified stochastic fashion with each pull, and the goal is to (adaptively) decide which arms to pull, in order to maximize the expected reward obtained after B pulls in total. Much recent work on this problem focuses on the case when the evolution of each arm follows a martingale, i.e., when the expected reward from one pull of an arm is the same as the reward at the current state. What if the rewards do not form a martingale? In this paper, we give O(1)-approximation algorithms for the stochastic knapsack problem with correlations and/or cancellations. Extending the ideas developed here, we give O(1)-approximations for MAB problems without the martingale assumption. Indeed, we can show that previously proposed linear programming relaxations for these problems have large integrality gaps. So we propose new time-indexed LP relaxations, using a decomposition and "gap-filling" approach, we convert these fractional solutions to distributions over strategies, and then use the LP values and the time ordering information from these strategies to devise randomized adaptive scheduling algorithms.
Andreev non-Hermitian Hamiltonian for open Josephson junctions from Green's functions
Creators: name: Capecelatro, Roberto
name: Marciani, Marco
name: Campagnano, Gabriele
name: Lucignano, Procolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transport properties of open Josephson junctions (JJs) through a minimal effective non-Hermitian (NH) approach derived from the equilibrium Green's function (GF) formalism. Specifically, we consider a JJ with a quantum dot barrier coupled to a normal metal reservoir. The coupling introduces an imaginary self-energy term in the JJ Hamiltonian which can be naturally accounted for in the NH formalism. While most approaches to similar problems work with the full junction Hamiltonian we propose a scheme for deriving an effective NH Hamiltonian for the Andreev levels only, that we compute from the singular part of the barrier GF. To establish the range of applicability of this NH model we benchmark our results for both the dot density of states and the supercurrent against exact GF predictions in different transport regimes. We find that, as a rule of thumb, the Andreev NH description is accurate when the spectral overlap between the Andreev bound states (ABS) and the near-gap continuum states is negligible, i.e. when the ABS energies lie sufficiently far from the superconducting gap relative to their line-width. This method not only highlights the effective physics of the JJ but also offers a scalable framework for studying large-size devices.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures, review
Approximation Algorithms and Online Mechanisms for Item Pricing
Creators: name: Maria-Florina  Balcan
name: Avrim  Blum
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present approximation and online algorithms for problems of pricing a collection of items for sale so as to maximize the seller's revenue in an unlimited supply setting. We also improve the approximation of Guruswami et al. (2005) for the "highway problem" in which all desired subsets are intervals on a line, from O(log m + log n) to O(log n), where m is the number of bidders and n is the number of items. Our approximation algorithms can be fed into the generic reduction of Balcan et al. (2005) to yield an incentive-compatible auction with nearly the same performance guarantees so long as the number of bidders is sufficiently large. In addition, we show how our algorithms can be combined with results of Blum and Hartline (2005) and Kalai and Vempala (2003) to achieve good performance in the online setting, where customers arrive one at a time and each must be presented a set of item prices based only on knowledge of the customers seen so far.
A study on data curation perceptions and practices in France
Creators: name: Danciu, Alina
name: Sauger, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data curation
Research data

description: The secondary use of research data in scientific research is more and more common today in France. In parallel, the value of research data curation is increasingly recognised. New data services are emerging rapidly as the legislative context is changing, strongly inciting both researchers and institutions to share data. Different professionals are dealing with research data curation: data managers, archivists, librarians.... Some have a “traditional” role, others are newer to this field. To understand the current state of research data curation in France, we conducted in November 2019 a quantitative survey and questioned these professionals on their perception on data curation. This paper will present the outcome of this research.
Approximating Voronoi Diagrams with Voronoi Diagrams
Creators: name: Miller, Gary L.
name: Phillips, Todd
name: Sheehy, Donald
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The tremendous usefulness of Voronoi diagrams is tempered by their worst-case O(n⌈d/2⌉) size blowup. This makes them an obvious target for approximation, and indeed, several methods have been proposed that produce linear size approximations to the Voronoi diagram supporting logarithmic-time approximate nearest neighbor queries. All such methods use quadtrees to approximate the Voronoi cells. But what if the input does not have a “bad” Voronoi diagram? There is a huge gap between the best-case and the worst case complexity. Sometimes, the exact solution is both simpler and more precise than an approximation
title: Fauna of New Zealand 50: Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera): catalogue
Creators: name: Larivière, M-C
name: Larochelle, A
Publisher: name: Manaaki Whenua Press
Year: 2004

description: The Fauna of New Zealand / Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa monograph series. ISSN: 1179-7193