cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Todd, Malcolm: Die Germanen. Von den frühen Stammesverbänden zu den Erben des weströmischen Reiches. (The Early Germans, dt.)
Creators: name: Wölke, Hansjörg
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Todd, Malcolm: Die Germanen. Von den frühen Stammesverbänden zu den Erben des weströmischen Reiches. (The Early Germans, dt.) Stuttgart: Theiss 2000. 270 S. (ISBN3-8062-1357-7; zugleich erschienen in der Wissenschaftlichen Buchgesellschaft, Bestellnr. 14998-X)
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 2 (2001): Forum Classicum
Coupling spin qubits via superconductors
Creators: name: Leijnse, Martin
name: Flensberg, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how superconductors can be used to couple, initialize, and read out spatially separated spin qubits. When two single-electron quantum dots are tunnel coupled to the same superconductor, the singlet component of the two-electron state partially leaks into the superconductor via crossed Andreev reflection. This induces a gate-controlled singlet-triplet splitting which, with an appropriate superconductor geometry, remains large for dot separations within the superconducting coherence length. Furthermore, we show that when two double-dot singlet-triplet qubits are tunnel coupled to a superconductor with finite charging energy, crossed Andreev reflection enables a strong two-qubit coupling over distances much larger than the coherence length.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Published version
$\mathbb{S}ol^3\times\mathbb{E}^1$-manifolds
Creators: name: Hillman, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50

description: We show that $\mathbb{S}ol^3\times\mathbb{E}^1$-manifolds are Seifert fibred, with general fibre the torus, and base one of the seven flat 2-orbifolds $T, Kb, \mathbb{A}, \mathbb{M}b, S(2,2,2,2), P(2,2)$ or $\mathbb{D}(2,2)$, and outline a classification of such 4-manifolds.
description: The earlier version (2013) was fatally flawed. The present version retains only the focus on Seifert fibration as a basis for classification
APERO: A PipelinE to Reduce Observations -- Demonstration with SPIRou
Creators: name: Cook, Neil James
name: Artigau, Étienne
name: Doyon, René
name: Hobson, Melissa
name: Martioli, Eder
name: Bouchy, François
name: Moutou, Claire
name: Carmona, Andres
name: Usher, Chris
name: Fouqué, Pascal
name: Arnold, Luc
name: Delfosse, Xavier
name: Boisse, Isabelle
name: Cadieux, Charles
name: Vandal, Thomas
name: Donati, Jean-François
name: Deslières, Ariane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the maturation of near-infrared high-resolution spectroscopy, especially when used for precision radial velocity, data reduction has faced unprecedented challenges in terms of how one goes from raw data to calibrated, extracted, and corrected data with required precisions of thousandths of a pixel. Here we present APERO (A PipelinE to Reduce Observations), specifically focused on SPIRou, the near-infrared spectropolarimeter on the Canada--France--Hawaii Telescope (SPectropolarimètre InfraROUge, CFHT). In this paper, we give an overview of APERO and detail the reduction procedure for SPIRou. APERO delivers telluric-corrected 2D and 1D spectra as well as polarimetry products. APERO enables precise stable radial velocity measurements on sky (via the LBL algorithm), good to at least ~2 m/s over the current 5-year lifetime of SPIRou.
description: Accepted for publication in PASP. 55 pages, 29 figures, 10 pages of Appendices
Role Playing as a Contrivance
Creators: name: Fanselow, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers--Methodology
Peace--Study and teaching
Role playing
Education

description: As you will see, in my Abstract, I do not discuss the chapter in Perspectives on Secondary School EFL Education but rather the background of the organization that published the book: The Language Institute of Japan because it was this organization that had a much greater impact on me than my chapter had on English teachers in Japan. In 1962, Masahide Shibusawa founded The Asia Center in Odawara, Japan, which was dedicated to Postwar Japan and the Work of Moral Re-Armament. Mr. Shibusawa and other Japanese in the sixties became interested in the Moral Re-Armament Movement, which had been launched in London in 1938. From its founding in 1962, The Asia Center promoted student and faculty exchanges between Japan and both other countries in Asia as well as Europe and the United States. Mr. Shibusawa also organized many conferences and symposiums related to both relationships between countries and Moral Re-Armament. In 1968, The Asia Center established The Language Institute of Japan at the same site. The Board decided that it would be beneficial to hold workshops for Japanese English teachers to improve their English, learn alternative methods and be exposed to the idea of Moral Re-Armament. Japanese classes were also offered. Because The Asia Center was just a one and one half hour drive from Tokyo and a 45-minute train ride from Yokohama it was a very convenient site. The city of Odawara is a tourist site with views of the Pacific Ocean. I was invited to a number of the summer one month long workshops for Japanese English teachers in the early nineties. And in 1998 on the 30th anniversary of the LIOJ was invited to write a piece for a book The Language Institute of Japan wanted to publish called Perspectives on Secondary School EFL Education. I titled my chapter “Role Playing as a Contrivance” I have written about Mr. Shibusawa because it was his influence that led me to offer courses in Peace Education taught by Professor Betty Reardon and workshops on Global Issues in the MA TESOL Program that I established in 1985. A central theme of all of my teaching has been how small changes can have big effects. The few months that I taught at LIOJ enabled hundreds of teachers in the TC MA Program in Tokyo to learn about Moral Re-Armament and other organizations with similar goals.
Persistence of magnetic excitations in La2-xSrxCuO4 from the undoped insulator to the heavily overdoped non-superconducting metal
Creators: name: Dean, M. P. M.
name: Dellea, G.
name: Springell, R. S.
name: Yakhou-Harris, F.
name: Kummer, K.
name: Brookes, N. B.
name: Liu, X.
name: Sun, Y. -J.
name: Strle, J.
name: Schmitt, T.
name: Braicovich, L.
name: Ghiringhelli, G.
name: Bozovic, I.
name: Hill, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most intensely studied scenarios of high-temperature superconductivity (HTS) postulates pairing by exchange of magnetic excitations [1]. Indeed, such excitations have been observed up to around optimal doping in the cuprates [2-7]. In the heavily overdoped regime neutron scattering measurements indicate that magnetic excitations have effectively disappeared [8-10], and this was argued to cause the demise of HTS with overdoping [1, 8, 10]. Here we use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS), which is sensitive to complementary parts of reciprocal space, to measure the evolution of the magnetic excitations in La2-xSrxCuO4 across the entire phase diagram, from a strongly correlated insulator (x = 0) to a non-superconducting metal (x = 0.40). For x = 0, well-defined magnon excitations are observed [11]. These magnons broaden with doping, but they persist with a similar dispersion and comparable intensity all the way to the non-superconducting, heavily overdoped metallic phase. The destruction of HTS with overdoping is therefore caused neither by the general disappearance nor by the overall softening of magnetic excitations; other factor(s), such as the redistribution of spectral weight, must be considered.
description: See Nature Materials http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat3723 for Advanced Online Publication
Turbulent Transport of Dust Particles in Protostellar Disks: The Effect of Upstream Diffusion
Creators: name: Zhou, Tingtao
name: Deng, Hongping
name: Chen, Yi-Xian
name: Lin, Douglas N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the long-term radial transport of micron to mm-size grain in protostellar disks (PSDs) based on diffusion and viscosity coefficients measured from 3D global stratified-disk simulations with a Lagrangian hydrodynamic method. While gas-drag tend to transport dust species radially inwards, stochastic diffusion can spread a considerable fraction of dust radially outwards (upstream) depending on the nature of turbulence. In gravitationally unstable disks, we measure a high radial diffusion coefficient Dr with little dependence on altitude. This leads to strong and vertically homogeneous upstream diffusion in early PSDs. In the solar nebula, the robust upstream diffusion of micron to mm size grains not only efficiently transports highly refractory mocron-size grains (such as those identified in the samples of comet 81P/Wild 2) from their regions of formation inside the snow line out to the Kuiper Belt, but can also spread mm-size CAI formed in the stellar proximity to distances where they can be assimilated into chondritic meteorites. In disks dominated by magnetorotational instability (MRI), the upstream diffusion effect is generally milder, with a separating feature due to diffusion being stronger in the surface layer than the midplane. This variation becomes much more pronounced if we additionally consider a quiescent midplane with lower turbulence and larger characteristic dust size due to non-ideal MHD effects. This segregation scenario helps to account for dichotomy of two dust populations' spatial distribution as observed in scattered light and ALMA images.
description: ApJ published, 14 pages, 12 figures
title: An ontology for describing OpenAPI Version 3.0 services in the cloud
title: Μία οντολογία για περιγραφή OpenAPI Version 3.0 υπηρεσιών στο υπολογιστικό νέφος
Creators: name: Καραβασιλειου Αικατερινη
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2019

description: Cloud services are mainly offered by means of Web services based on the REST architecture style and need to be formally described in a way that is both understandable by humans and machines. In this work, we adopt the OpenAPI Specification (OAS), a simple and yet powerful specification for the description of REST APIs, as the description language of Cloud services. OAS descriptions
are mainly understandable by humans. However, OAS descriptions must be also understandable by machines so that, the services can be searched, discovered and used by other services. In order for a machine to understand the meaning of OAS, service descriptions need to be formally defined and their content to be semantically enriched in a way that eliminates ambiguities. Taking advantage of the extension features foreseen in OAS 3.0, our approach suggests that in order to eliminate ambiguities in OAS descriptions, OAS properties must be semantically annotated. Building-upon the latest version of OAS, this work proposes Semantic OAS (SOAS 3.0). Building-upon SOAS descriptions, we designed and implemented a mechanism to transform SOAS (and therefore OAS) descriptions to ontologies. As a result, the ontology will enable application of querying languages (e.g. SPARQL) for service discovery and of reasoning tools for detecting inconsistencies and inferred relationships in SOAS descriptions.

description: Οι cloud υπηρεσίες προσφέρονται κατά κύριο λόγο από μέσα Web υπηρεσιών που στηρίζονται στη REST αρχιτεκτονική και θα πρέπει να περιγράφονται με τρόπο τέτοιο, ώστε να είναι κατανοητές τόσο από ανθρώπους, όσο και από υπολογιστικές μηχανές. Στα πλαίσια αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας, υιοθετούμε το OpenAPI Specification (OAS) ως μια γλώσσα περιγραφής υπηρεσιών cloud για την περιγραφή REST APIs. Οι OAS περιγραφές ωστόσο είναι κυρίως κατανοητές από τους ανθρώπους, κάτι το οποίο δεν είναι αρκετό, καθώς δεν μπορεί να επιτευχθεί αναζήτηση των υπηρεσιών και χρησιμοποίησή τους και από άλλες υπηρεσίες. Για να μπορέσει μία περιγραφή να γίνει machine-understandable πρέπει να είναι πλήρως καθορισμένη και το περιεχόμενό της να γίνει σημασιολογικά εμπλουτισμένο με τρόπο τέτοιο ώστε να περιορίζονται οι αμφισημίες. Στηριζόμενοι στo version 3.0 του OAS, προτείνουμε μία σημασιολογική επέκταση που χαρακτηρίζεται Semantic OAS (SOAS 3.0). Επιπλέον, στα πλαίσια αυτής της διπλωματικής αναπτύχθηκε ένας μηχανισμός, ο οποίος μετατρέπει SOAS (και κατ’επέκταση OAS) περιγραφές σε οντολογία. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο, εκμεταλλευόμαστε όλα τα πλεονεκτήματα των οντολογιών, όπως τη χρήση γλώσσας SPARQL για διατύπωση ερωτημάτων, καθώς και τη χρήση  εργαλείων reasoning για εύρεση αντιφάσεων (inconsistencies) και «κρυμμένων» σχέσεων στις SOAS περιγραφές.
title: Σύστημα διαχείρισης ενέργειας για τη μεγιστοποίηση του βαθμού απόδοσης κυψελών καυσίμου σε ηλεκτρικά οχήματα
title: Energy management system for maximizing the efficiency of fuel cells in electric vehicles
Creators: name: Παπαργυριου Αθανασιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2019

description: Σε αυτή την εργασία προσομοιώθηκε η λειτουργία ενός ηλεκτρικού οχήματος που κινείται με χρήση της ενέργειας που αποθηκεύεται σε κυψέλη καυσίμου και συστοιχία μπαταριών. Αναπτύχθηκε μοντέλο του ηλεκτρικού οχήματος σε περιβάλλον MATLAB/Simulink και υλοποιήθηκαν δύο εναλλακτικές μέθοδοι διαχείρισης της ενέργειας της κυψέλης καυσίμου και της συστοιχίας μπαταριών, με σκοπό τη μεγιστοποίηση του βαθμού απόδοσης της κυψέλης καυσίμου. Η λειτουργία του οχήματος προσομοιώθηκε για εναλλακτικούς κύκλους οδήγησης και αξιολογήθηκε η επίδοση των δύο μεθόδων διαχείρισης ενέργειας ως προς την κατανάλωση υδρογόνου, η οποία καθορίζει και τη διάρκεια αυτόνομης κίνησης του οχήματος.
Bioaroma generation: research studies on the sustainable enzyme-catalysed synthesis and advanced gas chromatography analysis of flavour and fragrance compounds
Creators: name: DOS SANTOS SILVA AMARAL, MICHELLE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Food chemistry and food sensory science
Analytical chemistry not elsewhere classified
Biocatalysis and enzyme technology
Natural products and bioactive compounds

description: This interdisciplinary thesis explores the potential of enzyme-catalysed reactions as a more sustainable and eco-friendly alternative for the production of aroma compounds. Analytical methods based on gas chromatography were designed to assess the changes in each stage of the enzyme study, including characterisation, screening, optimisation and application to essential oil samples. Seven enzymes from two different classes were investigated. The best-performing catalyst reacted with 49 of the 72 alcohols identified amidst the samples’ complex background. The methods and findings of this research impacts the development of improved and green biocatalytic processes that can generate innovative and safer natural products.
Neidhardt, Thomas: Wasserversorgung im alten Rom
Creators: name: Bratvogel, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Neidhardt, Thomas: Wasserversorgung im alten Rom. Studio Heft 13, Bamberg: C.C. Buchner 2001. 32 S. (ISBN 3-7661-5733-7).
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 1 (2002): Forum Classicum
Diverse Properties of Molecular Gas in the Host Galaxies of Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Hashimoto, Tetsuya
name: Niino, Yuu
name: Hsu, Tzu-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the properties of molecular gas in a sample of six host galaxies of fast radio bursts (FRBs) obtained from CO observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (FRBs 20180924B, 20190102C, and 20190711A) and results of one non-detection in a dwarf galaxy (FRB20121102A) and two events detected in M81 (FRB20200120E) and the Milky Way (FRB20200428A). The CO observations resulted in the detection of CO(3-2) emission in the FRB20180924B host and non-detections of CO(3-2) and CO(2-1) emission in the hosts of FRB20190102C and FRB20190711A, respectively. The derived molecular gas mass and 3$σ$ upper limit is $(2.4 \pm 0.2) \times 10^9$ $M_{\odot}$, $<3.8 \times 10^8$ $M_{\odot}$, and $<6.7 \times 10^9$ $M_{\odot}$ for the hosts of FRB20180924B, FRB20190102C, and FRB20190711A, respectively. We found diversity in molecular gas properties (gas mass, gas depletion time, and gas fraction to stellar mass) in the sample. Compared to other star-forming galaxies, the FRB20180924B host is gas-rich (the larger molecular gas fraction), and the hosts of FRB20190102C and FRB20200120E are gas-poor with a shorter depletion time for their stellar mass and star-formation rate. Our findings suggest that FRBs arise from multiple progenitors or single progenitors that can exist in a wide range of galaxy environments. Statistical analysis shows a significant difference in the distribution of molecular gas fraction between the FRB hosts and local star-forming galaxies. However, the difference is not substantial when an outlier, the FRB20200120E host, is excluded, and analysis with a larger sample is needed.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters, 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
title: TensorGlue: A Framework for FPGA-based Deep Learning Design
Creators: name: Γιακουμακης Παυλος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2019

description: In a deep learning framework, the designer provides a description of the neural network architecture, in the form of a computational graph (data-flow graph). The tool is able process this graph and either run it efficiently on fixed-hardware, or generate automatically additional graphs to train the neural network. Nevertheless, this kind of formalization using computational graphs is very close to the hardware design process. The graph can be processed in many ways to not only run the described architecture on fixed-hardware, but to generate hardware designs as well.
In this work, we designed and implemented a novel framework that resembles deep learning frameworks but generates hardware designs in the form of synthesizable C++.
description: Σε ένα deep learning framework, ο σχεδιαστής δημιουργεί μια περιγραφή της αρχιστεκτονικής του Νευρωνικού Δικτύου με τη μορφή υπολογιστικών γράφων. Το εργαλείο έχει τη δυνατότητα να επεξεργαστεί τον γράφο και να τον εκτελέσει αποδοτικά σε fixed-hardware, ή να δημιουργήσει και να εκτελέσει έναν γράφο για την εκπαίδευση του νευρωνικού δικτύου. Ωστόσο, οι γράφοι περιγράφουν το πρόβλημα με ένα πολύ βολικό τρόπο, που βρίσκεται πολύ κοντά στη διαδικασία της σχεδίασης hardware. Υπάρχει εγγενώς η δυνατότητα να επεξεργαστούμε τον γράφο και να δημιουργήσουμε το ίδιο το hardware, αντί απλά να τον τρέξουμε σε fixed-hardware πόρους.
Σε αυτή την εργασία, σχεδιάσαμε και υλοποιήσαμε ένα νέο framework που μοιαζει με τα deep learning frameworks αλλα δημιουργεί hardware με τη μορφή συνθέσιμης  C++.
Degree of atomicity in the chemical bonding: Why to return to the H2 molecule?
Creators: name: Hendzel, Maciej
name: Spałek, Józef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze two-particle binding factors for the case of \ch{H2} molecule with the help of our original Exact Diagonalization \textit{Ab Intio} (EDABI) approach. Explicitly, we redefine the many-particle covalency and ionicity factors as a function of interatomic distance. Insufficiency of those basic characteristics is stressed and the concept of \textit{atomicity} is introduced and corresponds to the Mott and Hubbard criteria concerning the localization in many-particle systems. This additional characteristic introduces atomic ingredient into the essentially molecular states and thus eliminates a spurious behavior of the standard covalency factor with the increasing interatomic distance, as well as provides a physical reinterpretation of the chemical bond's nature.
Introdução aos buracos negros
Creators: name: Cardoso Floriano, Tiago
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Astrophysics

description: O fim de algumas estrelas pode ser se tornar uma nebulosa após uma explosão cataclísmica, criando um ambiente propício para a formação de novas estrelas e semeando os objetos próximos com os elementos químicos que a constituía, ou se tornar uma estrela de nêutrons, dependendo do que sobrou da explosão. Uma outra possibilidade, a depender do quão pesada está a estrela, que não tem mais forças para vencer a gravidade, é entrar em colapso gravitacional e tornar-se um buraco negro. O objetivo deste artigo é fornecer uma visão geral que sirva de introdução para o estudo de tópicos relacionados a estes objetos.
Testing the regularity of a smooth signal
Creators: name: Carpentier, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a test to determine whether a function lying in a fixed $L_2$-Sobolev-type ball of smoothness $t$, and generating a noisy signal, is in fact of a given smoothness $s\geq t$ or not. While it is impossible to construct a uniformly consistent test for this problem on every function of smoothness $t$, it becomes possible if we remove a sufficiently large region of the set of functions of smoothness $t$. The functions that we remove are functions of smoothness strictly smaller than $s$, but that are very close to $s$-smooth functions. A lower bound on the size of this region has been proved to be of order $n^{-t/(2t+1/2)}$, and in this paper, we provide a test that is consistent after the removal of a region of such a size. Even though the null hypothesis is composite, the size of the region we remove does not depend on the complexity of the null hypothesis.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/13-BEJ575 in the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Imaging-based 3D Particle Tracking System for Field Characterization of Particle Dynamics in Atmospheric Flows
Creators: name: Bristow, Nathaniel
name: Li, Jiaqi
name: Hartford, Peter
name: Guala, Michele
name: Hong, Jiarong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A particle tracking velocimetry apparatus is presented that is capable of measuring three-dimensional particle trajectories across large volumes, of the order of several meters, during natural snowfall events. Field experiments, aimed at understanding snow settling kinematics in atmospheric flows, were conducted during the 2021/2022 winter season using this apparatus, from which we show preliminary results. An overview of the methodology, wherein we use a UAV-based calibration method, is provided, and analysis is conducted of a select dataset to demonstrate the capabilities of the system for studying inertial particle dynamics in atmospheric flows. A modular camera array is used, designed specifically for handling the challenges of field deployment during snowfall. This imaging system is calibrated using synchronized imaging of a UAV-carried target to enable measurements centered 10 m above the ground within approximately a 4 m x 4 m x 6 m volume. Using the measured Lagrangian particle tracks we present data concerning 3D trajectory curvature and acceleration statistics, as well as clustering behavior using Voronoi analysis. The limitations, as well as potential future developments, of such a system are discussed in the context of applications with other inertial particles.
Nanoflare Heating of the Solar Corona Observed in X-rays
Creators: name: Upendran, Vishal
name: Tripathi, Durgesh
name: Mithun, N. P. S.
name: Vadawale, Santosh
name: Bhardwaj, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of the million-degree corona above the cooler photosphere is an unsolved problem in astrophysics. Detailed study of quiescent corona that exists regardless of the phase of the solar cycle may provide fruitful hints towards resolving this conundrum. However, the properties of heating mechanisms can be obtained only statistically in these regions due to their unresolved nature. Here, we develop a two-step inversion scheme based on the machine learning scheme of Upendran & Tripathi (2021a) for the empirical impulsive heating model of Pauluhn & Solanki (2007), and apply it to disk integrated flux measurements of the quiet corona as measured by the X-ray solar monitor (XSM) onboard Chandrayaan - 2. We use data in three energy passbands, viz., 1 - 1.3 keV, 1.3 - 2.3 keV, and 1 - 2.3 keV, and estimate the typical impulsive event frequencies, timescales, amplitudes, and the distribution of amplitudes. We find that the impulsive events occur at a frequency of $\approx$25 events per minute with a typical lifetime of $\approx10$ minutes. They are characterized by a power law distribution with a slope $α\leq2.0$. The typical amplitudes of these events lie in an energy range of $10^{21}$ - $10^{24}$ ergs, with a typical radiative loss of about $\approx10^3$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ in the energy range of 1 - 2.3 keV. These results provide further constraints on the properties of sub-pixel impulsive events in maintaining the quiet solar corona.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters on 04/11/2022
Probing the interaction between dark energy and dark matter with future fast radio burst observations
Creators: name: Zhao, Ze-Wei
name: Wang, Ling-Feng
name: Zhang, Ji-Guo
name: Zhang, Jing-Fei
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interacting dark energy (IDE) scenario assumes that there exists a direct interaction between dark energy and cold dark matter, but this interaction is hard to be tightly constrained by the current data. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) will be seen in large numbers by future radio telescopes, and thus they have potential to become a promising low-redshift cosmological probe. In this work, we investigate the capability of future FRBs of constraining the dimensionless coupling parameter $β$ in four phenomenological IDE models. If we fix the FRB properties, about $10^5$ FRB data can give constraints on $β$ tighter than the current cosmic microwave background data in the IDE models with the interaction proportional to the energy density of dark energy. In all the IDE models, about $10^6$ FRB data can achieve the absolute errors of $β$ to less than $0.10$, providing a way to precisely measure $β$ by only one cosmological probe. Jointly constraining the FRB properties and cosmological parameters would increase the constraint errors of $β$ by a factor of about 0.5-2.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in JCAP
The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey. The different assembly history of passive and star-forming L_B >= L*_B galaxies in the group environment at z < 1
Creators: name: López-Sanjuan, C.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: Fèvre, O. Le
name: Tresse, L.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Adami, C.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Contini, T.
name: Zucca, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the VIMOS VLT Deep Survey to study the close environment of galaxies in groups at 0.2 <= z < 0.95. Close neighbours of L_B >= L*_B galaxies (Me_B = M_B + 1.1z <= -20) are identified with Me_B <= -18.25 and within a relative distance 5h^-1 kpc <= rp <= 100h^-1 kpc and relative velocity Delta v <= 500 km/s . The richness N of a group is defined as the number of Me_B <= -18.25 galaxies belonging to that group. We split our principal sample into red, passive galaxies with NUV - r >= 4.25 and blue, star-forming galaxies with NUV - r < 4.25. We find that blue galaxies with a close companion are primarily located in poor groups, while the red ones are in rich groups. The number of close neighbours per red galaxy increases with N, with n_red being proportional to 0.11N, while that of blue galaxies does not depend on N and is roughly constant. In addition, these trends are found to be independent of redshift, and only the average n_blue evolves, decreasing with cosmic time. Our results support the following assembly history of L_B >= L*_B galaxies in the group environment: red, massive galaxies were formed in or accreted by the dark matter halo of the group at early times (z >= 1), therefore their number of neighbours provides a fossil record of the stellar mass assembly of groups, traced by their richness N. On the other hand, blue, less massive galaxies have recently been accreted by the group potential and are still in their parent dark matter halo, having the same number of neighbours irrespective of N. As time goes by, these blue galaxies settle in the group potential and turn red and/or fainter, thus becoming satellite galaxies in the group. With a toy quenching model, we estimate an infall rate of field galaxies into the group environment of R_infall = 0.9 - 1.5 x 10^-4 Mpc^-3 Gyr^-1 at z ~ 0.7.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press. 11 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables. Minor changes with respect to the first version
An Empirical Evaluation of Multivariate Time Series Classification with Input Transformation across Different Dimensions
Creators: name: Pantiskas, Leonardos
name: Verstoep, Kees
name: Hoogendoorn, Mark
name: Bal, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In current research, machine and deep learning solutions for the classification of temporal data are shifting from single-channel datasets (univariate) to problems with multiple channels of information (multivariate). The majority of these works are focused on the method novelty and architecture, and the format of the input data is often treated implicitly. Particularly, multivariate datasets are often treated as a stack of univariate time series in terms of input preprocessing, with scaling methods applied across each channel separately. In this evaluation, we aim to demonstrate that the additional channel dimension is far from trivial and different approaches to scaling can lead to significantly different results in the accuracy of a solution. To that end, we test seven different data transformation methods on four different temporal dimensions and study their effect on the classification accuracy of five recent methods. We show that, for the large majority of tested datasets, the best transformation-dimension configuration leads to an increase in the accuracy compared to the result of each model with the same hyperparameters and no scaling, ranging from 0.16 to 76.79 percentage points. We also show that if we keep the transformation method constant, there is a statistically significant difference in accuracy results when applying it across different dimensions, with accuracy differences ranging from 0.23 to 47.79 percentage points. Finally, we explore the relation of the transformation methods and dimensions to the classifiers, and we conclude that there is no prominent general trend, and the optimal configuration is dataset- and classifier-specific.
description: IEEE ICMLA 2022
Covariant transport equation and gravito-conductivity in generic stationary spacetimes
Creators: name: Liu, Song
name: Hao, Xin
name: Liu, Shaofan
name: Zhao, Liu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a near detailed balance solution to the relativistic Boltzmann equation under the relaxation time approximation with a collision term which differs from the Anderson-Witting model and is dependent on the stationary observer. Using this new solution, we construct an explicit covariant transport equation for the particle flux in response to the generalized temperature and chemical potential gradients in generic stationary spacetimes, with the transport tensors characterized by some integral functions in the chemical potential and the relativistic coldness. To illustrate the application of the transport equation we study probe systems in Rindler and Kerr spacetimes and analyze the asymptotic properties of the gravito-conductivity tensor in the near horizon limit. It turns out that both the longitudinal and lateral parts (if present) of the gravito-conductivity tend to be divergent in the near horizon limit. In the weak field limit, our results coincide with with the non-relativistic gravitational transport equation which follows from the direct application of the Drude model.
description: 16 pages. v2: misc corrections and new subsection on weak field limit. v3: version published in EPJC
Suggestions for teacher educators from a gentle iconoclast and a fellow explorer
Creators: name: Fanselow, John
name: Hiratsuka, Takaaki
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Education
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers
Teaching
Teachers--Training of
Reflective teaching
Observation (Educational method)

description: In September 2018, Steve Walsh, Professor of Applied Linguistics in the School of Education at Newcastle University and Steve Mann, Associate professor at the Center for Applied Linguistics at the University of Warwick, both in the UK, invited 58 people to write 39 chapters for a book they wanted to produce on English Language Teacher Education that Routledge had agreed to publish. The discrepancy between the number of people who wrote chapters and the number of chapters is due to the fact that 19 chapters are co-authored which fits in with the themes of many chapters about the value of collaboration in teacher education. The 39 chapters were organized in six parts: 1. Second language teacher education: an overview. 2. Core contexts 3. Language perspectives 4. The pedagogic knowledge of second language teacher education 5. The processes of L2 teacher education 6. Teacher perspectives The Routledge Handbook of English Language Teacher Education was published in 2019. My chapter is in Part 1 Second language teacher: an overview. As you can see the chapter is one of the 19 that were co-authored.
Extending positive C-LASS results across multiple instructors and multiple classes of Modeling Instruction
Creators: name: Brewe, Eric
name: Traxler, Adrienne L.
name: de la Garza, Jorge
name: Kramer, Laird H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a multi-year study of student attitudes measured with the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey (CLASS) in calculus-based introductory physics taught with the Modeling Instruction curriculum. We find that five of six instructors and eight of nine sections using Modeling Instruction showed significantly improved attitudes from pre to post-course. Cohen's d effect sizes range from 0.08 - 0.95 for individual instructors. The average effect was d = 0.45, with a 95% confidence interval of (0.26 - 0.64). These results build on previously published results showing positive shifts in attitudes from Modeling Instruction classes. We interpret these data in light of other published positive attitudinal shifts and explore mechanistic explanations for similarities and differences with other published positive shifts.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Ensuring thermodynamic consistency with invertible coarse-graining
Creators: name: Chennakesavalu, Shriram
name: Toomer, David J.
name: Rotskoff, Grant M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coarse-grained models are a core computational tool in theoretical chemistry and biophysics. A judicious choice of a coarse-grained model can yield physical insight by isolating the essential degrees of freedom that dictate the thermodynamic properties of a complex, condensed-phase system. The reduced complexity of the model typically leads to lower computational costs and more efficient sampling compared to atomistic models. Designing ``good'' coarse-grained models is an art. Generally, the mapping from fine-grained configurations to coarse-grained configurations itself is not optimized in any way; instead, the energy function associated with the mapped configurations is. In this work, we explore the consequences of optimizing the coarse-grained representation alongside its potential energy function. We use a graph machine learning framework to embed atomic configurations into a low dimensional space to produce efficient representations of the original molecular system. Because the representation we obtain is no longer directly interpretable as a real space representation of the atomic coordinates, we also introduce an inversion process and an associated thermodynamic consistency relation that allows us to rigorously sample fine-grained configurations conditioned on the coarse-grained sampling. We show that this technique is robust, recovering the first two moments of the distribution of several observables in proteins such as chignolin and alanine dipeptide.
THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPING SOCIO-CULTURAL COMPETENCE OF GRADUATE STUDENTS ON THE BASE OF GENDER APPROACH
Creators: name: Sharifzoda, Sardorbek
name: Karimov, Khabibulla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this thesis, opinions are given about the theoretical foundations of education of social and cultural competence of the students of the graduating class based on the gender approach.
Wetting and nonwetting near a tricritical point
Creators: name: Indekeu, Joseph O.
name: Koga, Kenichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dihedral contact angles between interfaces in three-fluid-phase equilibria must be continuous functions of the bulk thermodynamic fields. This general argument, which we propose, predicts a nonwetting gap in the phase diagram, challenging the common belief in "critical-point wetting", even for short-range forces. A demonstration is provided by exact solution of a mean-field two-density functional theory for three-phase equilibria near a tricritical point (TCP). Complete wetting is found in a tiny vicinity of the TCP. Away from it, nonwetting prevails and no wetting transition takes place, not even when a critical endpoint is approached. Far from the TCP, reentrant wetting may occur, with a different wetting phase. These findings shed light on hitherto unexplained experiments on ternary water-oil-nonionic amphiphile mixtures in which nonwetting continues to exist as one approaches either one of the two critical endpoints.
description: to appear in Physical Review Letters
Exotic Matter and Space-Time
Creators: name: Terazawa, Hidezumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exotic forms of matter such as carbon nanofoams, hexalambdas, super-hypernuclei, strange stars, pentaquarks, color-balls, etc. and their relations to current problems in cosmo-particle physics such as dark matter and energy are discussed in some details. This is an extended version of the invited talk presented at the International Conference on New Trends in High-Energy Physics , Yalta, Crimea(Ukraine), September 10-17, 2005, which has been published in the Proceedings, edited by P.N.Bogolyubov, P.O.Fedosenko, L.L.Jenkovszky, and Yu.A.Karpenko(Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, 2005). In an extended and up-dated version of the Chapters I and III, entitled "Exotic Nuclei and Strange Stars", which has been published in Nonlinear Phenomena in Complex Systems 18(2015)25-30, new forms of matter such as exotic nuclei and strange stars are discussed in some detail.
description: 33 pages; an extended version of the invited talk presented at the International Conference on New Trends in High-Energy Physics, Yalta, Crimea(Ukraine), September 10-17, 2005, which has been published in the Proceedings, edited by P.N.Bogolyubov, P.O.Fedosenko, L.L.Jenkovszky, and Yu.A.Karpenko(Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kiev, 2005), p.259
Evolution of collisional neutrino flavor instabilities in spherically symmetric supernova models
Creators: name: Xiong, Zewei
name: Wu, Meng-Ru
name: Martínez-Pinedo, Gabriel
name: Fischer, Tobias
name: George, Manu
name: Lin, Chun-Yu
name: Johns, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement a multi-group and discrete-ordinate neutrino transport model in spherical symmetry which allows to simulate collective neutrino oscillations by including realistic collisional rates in a self-consistent way. We utilize this innovative model, based on strategic parameter rescaling, to study a recently proposed collisional flavor instability caused by the asymmetry of emission and absorption rates between $ν_e$ and $\barν_e$ for four different static backgrounds taken from different stages in a core-collapse supernova simulation. Our results confirm that collisional instabilities generally exist around the neutrinosphere during the SN accretion and post-accretion phase, as suggested by [arXiv:2104.11369]. However, the growth and transport of flavor instabilities can only be fully captured by models with global simulations as done in this work. With minimal ingredient to trigger collisional instabilities, we find that the flavor oscillations and transport mainly affect (anti)neutrinos of heavy lepton flavors around their decoupling sphere, which then leave imprints on their energy spectra in the free-streaming regime. For electron (anti)neutrinos, their properties remain nearly intact. We also explore various effects due to the decoherence from neutrino-nucleon scattering, artificially enhanced decoherence from emission and absorption, neutrino vacuum mixing, and inhomogeneous matter profile, and discuss the implication of our work.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures
Brane cosmology with variable tension
Creators: name: Belinchón, José Antonio
name: Dib, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study brane-world models and demonstrate that such models do not admit self-similar solutions through the matter collineation approach. By introducing the hypothesis of variable brane tension, $λ,$ we outline the new effective field equation (EFE) in the most simple case (symmetric embedding) under the assumption that the fundamental constants in 5D are constants. In this case, we find the exact form that each physical quantity may take in order that the EFE become invariant under scale transformations. By taking into account such assumptions, we find that in 4D, the gravitational constant $κ^{2}\thicksimλ$ while the cosmological constant $Λ\thicksimλ^{2}$ are always decreasing. These results are quite general and valid for any homogeneous self-similar metric. Nevertheless, the study of the EFE under scale symmetries suggests that $ρ\thicksimλ$ (as a functional relationship). This allows to get a growing $κ^{2}$ but, in this case, the fundamental constants in 5D must vary as well. We outline a toy model allowing such a possibility.
description: Accepted to Canadian Journal of Physics
Fast interrogation wavelength tuning for all-optical photoacoustic imaging
Creators: name: Saucourt, Jérémy
name: Moreau, Antonin
name: Lumeau, Julien
name: Rigneault, Hervé
name: Chaigne, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical detection of ultrasound for photoacoustic imaging provides large bandwidth and high sensitivity at high acoustic frequencies. Higher spatial resolutions can therefore be achieved using Fabry-Pérot cavity sensors, as compared to conventional piezoelectric detection. However, fabrication constraints during deposition of the sensing polymer layer require a precise control of the interrogation beam wavelength to provide optimal sensitivity. This is commonly achieved by employing slowly tunable narrowband lasers as interrogation sources, hence limiting the acquisition speed. We propose instead to use a broadband source and a fast tunable acousto-optic filter to adjust the interrogation wavelength at each pixel within a few microseconds. We demonstrate the validity of this approach by performing photoacoustic imaging with a highly inhomogeneous Fabry-Pérot sensor.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Experimental data about the evacuation of preschool children from nursery schools -- Part II: Movement characteristics and behaviour
Creators: name: Najmanová, Hana
name: Ronchi, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article presents experimental data sets about the evacuation movement and behaviour of preschool children observed during 15 evacuation drills in 10 nursery schools in the Czech Republic involving 970 children (3-7 years of age) and 87 staff members. The movement characteristics and behaviour of the children were studied in 100 measurement areas defined on evacuation routes in corridors, on staircases, and in doorways. A total of 23000 data points were gathered to investigate travel speeds, specific flows, densities, and their relationships, as well as movement behaviour and procedures during the evacuation drills. Variables of interest included the levels of physical assistance provided to children, hand holding behaviour, use of handrails, and footstep patterns on staircases (i.e., marking time patterns). The observations revealed that the movement characteristics of preschool-age children were age-dependent. On horizontal routes, higher travel speeds were measured in corridors (mean value 1.9 m/s) than for landings of straight staircases (mean value 0.96 m/s) and doorways (mean value 0.99 m/s). Nine behavioural statements summarising the evacuation movement behaviour of preschool children observed in this study are presented in order to enrich future applicability of the findings in engineering applications (e.g., evacuation modelling).