cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unsuspected dengue and acute febrile illness in rural and semi-urban southern Sri Lanka
Creators: name: de Silva, A.
name: Kodikara-Arachichi, W.
name: Broadwater, A.
name: Strouse, J.J.
name: Nagahawatte, A.
name: Reller, M.E.
name: Devasiri, V.
name: Woods, C.W.
name: Østbye, T.
name: Bodinayake, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Dengue virus (DENV), a globally emerging cause of undifferentiated fever, has been documented in the heavily urbanized western coast of Sri Lanka since the 1960s. New areas of Sri Lanka are now being affected, and the reported number and severity of cases have increased. To study emerging DENV in southern Sri Lanka, we obtained epidemiologic and clinical data and acuteand convalescent-phase serum samples from patients ≥2 years old with febrile illness. We tested paired serum samples for DENV IgG and IgM and serotyped virus by using isolation and reverse transcription PCR. We identified acute DENV infection (serotypes 2, 3, and 4) in 54 (6.3%) of 859 patients. Only 14% of patients had clinically suspected dengue; however, 54% had serologically confirmed acute or past DENV infection. DENV is a major and largely unrecognized cause of fever in southern Sri Lanka, especially in young adults.
Absolute Measurement Of Laminar Shear Rate Using Photon Correlation Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Jenner, Elliot
name: D'Urso, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An absolute measurement of the components of the shear rate tensor $\mathcal{S}$ in a fluid can be found by measuring the photon correlation function of light scattered from particles in the fluid. Previous methods of measuring $\mathcal{S}$ involve reading the velocity at various points and extrapolating the shear, which can be time consuming and is limited in its ability to examine small spatial scale or short time events. Previous work in Photon Correlation Spectroscopy has involved only approximate solutions, requiring free parameters to be scaled by a known case, or different cases, such as 2-D flows, but here we present a treatment that provides quantitative results directly and without calibration for full 3-D flow. We demonstrate this treatment experimentally with a cone and plate rheometer.
description: 9 page main article + 6 page appendices containing detailed theoretical derivations (previous submission failed to provide access to separate supplemental material files, so these are inserted into the main article as appendices. Figure 2a title and axis labels changed to improve readability.)
(103269) Dorothy Hill
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
European infrastructures for data-intensive computing and open science
Creators: name: Ferrari, Tiziana
name: Fernández del Castillo, Enol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: scientific computing, e-Infrastructures, EGI Federation, open science, European Open Science Cloud

description: Modern data-intensive and compute-intensive science from all domains involves modelling and simulation at very high resolution for prediction and inference workflows. Given the complexity of the computing workflows and the data required by models which can vary from Gigabytes to Petabytes of information per day to be processed, the
 ability to deploy ready to use tools that federate the access to resource to run complex AI-based processing workflows federating access to heterogeneous and distributed computing architectures is required. This requires ground-breaking innovation in computational and data handling capacity needs.

 The EGI Federation as e-Infrastructure for data-intensive science has the mission to deliver generic capabilities for high volume and high and high speed data acquisition-volume and high-speed data acquisition and pre-processing, big data assimilation into model, forecast production by different simulation models, real-time processing of data, and validation of accuracy in modelling and simulation.

 In this presentation we will see how the EGI Federation supports open science.
Comparison of $f(R,T)$ Gravity with Type Ia Supernovae Data
Creators: name: Siggia, Vincent R.
name: Carlson, Eric D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expansion of the universe in $f(R,T)$ gravity is studied. By focusing on functions of the form $f(R,T)=f_1(R)+f_2(T)$, we assert that present day acceleration can be achieved if the functional form of $f_2(T)$ either grows slowly or falls as a function of $T$. In particular, we demonstrate that when $f_2(T) \propto T^{-1}$, the universe transitions to exponential growth at late times, just as it does in the standard cosmological model. A comparison of predictions of this model, with Type Ia supernovae shows that this model fits the data as well or even slightly better than the standard cosmological model without increasing the number of parameters.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Analysing the influence of visualizations
Creators: name: Morseletto, Piero
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Visual cultures
Visual arts not elsewhere classified
Screen media
Visual effects
Digital and electronic media art
Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified
Climate change science not elsewhere classified
Earth system sciences
Other earth sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Visualisations can highly contribute to the importance and authority of new ideas, concepts, and knowledge claims. Among the many visualisations, few become well-known and influential in environmental governance. Whilst these have been objects of specific research, this study questions what constitutes and underpins their influence. For this, the paper codifies influential visualisations and defines criteria for studying their visual characteristics. The criteria are applied to two case studies, the “traffic light” and the “planetary boundaries” diagrams. To increase the validity of the findings, the study also introduces two “failure cases” as a plausibility check.
title: Varicose veins: how we treat them!
Creators: name: Riva, Silvia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Varices
subject: Blood
subject: Venous access
subject: Catheters
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Vascular
subject: Extremities

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Varicose veins are dilated, tortuous superficial veins which usually affect the lower extremities. They can be painful, itchy or unsightly, especially when patients are standing and/or walking. Significant advance in endovenous technique for...
Severe dengue epidemics in Sri Lanka, 2003-2006
Creators: name: Kanakaratne, N.
name: Shahani, A.
name: Abeysinghe, N.
name: Gunasekera, M.
name: Messer, W.B.
name: De Silva, A.M.
name: Tissera, H.A.
name: Wahala, W.M.P.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Recent emergence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in the Indian subcontinent has been well documented in Sri Lanka. We compare recent (2003-2006) and past (1980-1997) dengue surveillance data for Sri Lanka. The 4 dengue virus (DENV) serotypes have been cocirculating in Sri Lanka for >30 years. Over this period, a new genotype of DENV-1 has replaced an old genotype. Moreover, new clades of DENV-3 genotype III viruses have replaced older clades. Emergence of new clades of DENV-3 in 1989 and 2000 coincided with abrupt increases in the number of reported dengue cases, implicating this serotype in severe epidemics. In 1980-1997, most reported dengue cases were in children. Recent epidemics have been characterized by many cases in children and adults. Changes in local transmission dynamics and genetic changes in DENV-3 are likely increasing emergence of severe dengue epidemics in Sri Lanka.
SDSS J1152+0248: An eclipsing double white dwarf from the Kepler K2 campaign
Creators: name: Hallakoun, N.
name: Maoz, D.
name: Kilic, M.
name: Mazeh, T.
name: Gianninas, A.
name: Agol, E.
name: Bell, K. J.
name: Bloemen, S.
name: Brown, W. R.
name: Debes, J.
name: Faigler, S.
name: Kull, I.
name: Kupfer, T.
name: Loeb, A.
name: Morris, B. M.
name: Mullally, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of the sixth known eclipsing double white dwarf (WD) system, SDSS J1152+0248, with a 2.3968 +/- 0.0003 h orbital period, in data from the Kepler Mission's K2 continuation. Analysing and modelling the K2 data together with ground-based fast photometry, spectroscopy, and radial-velocity measurements, we determine that the primary is a DA-type WD with mass M1 = 0.47 +/- 0.11 Msun, radius R1 = 0.0197 +/- 0.0035 Rsun, and cooling age t1 = 52 +/- 36 Myr. No lines are detected, to within our sensitivity, from the secondary WD, but it is likely also of type DA. Its central surface brightness, as measured from the secondary eclipse, is 0.31 of the primary's surface brightness. Its mass, radius, and cooling age, respectively, are M2 = 0.44 +/- 0.09 Msun, R2 = 0.0223 +0.0064 -0.0050 Rsun, and t2 = 230 +/- 100 Myr. SDSS J1152+0248 is a near twin of the double-lined eclipsing WD system CSS 41177.
description: MNRAS, accepted
title: An Approach to Cystic White Matter Diseases of the Paediatric Brain
Creators: name: Culleton, Sinead
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cysts
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: There is a wide range of pathologies that can affect the white matter of the paediatric brain. This leads to a very large differential including acquired and inherited disorders. However, the presence of white matter cysts can help to significantly...
ASSESING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INFANT FORMULA PROMOION AND EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING PRACTICE AMONG MOTHERS OF INFANTS AGED 0-5 MONTHS, JIGJIGA TOWN, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: MUSE OBSIYE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: ASSESING THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN INFANT FORMULA PROMOION AND 

EXCLUSIVE BREAST FEEDING PRACTICE AMONG MOTHERS OF INFANTS AGED 0-5 

MONTHS, JIGJIGA TOWN, ETHIOPIA
(103271) Doreen Mildred Mills
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
La Vita Christi de Isabel de Villena a la luz de I dolori mentali di Gesù nella sua Passione de Camilla Battista da Varano. RLM, xxxvi (2024), pp. 199-220, ISSN: 1130-3611 | e-ISSN: 2660-4574. https://doi.org/10.37536/RLM.2024.36.1.103718
Creators: name: Peirats Navarro, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470514
subject: Literary theory
classificationCode: 470520
subject: Literature in Spanish and Portuguese

description: Este artículo analiza y compara la mística estática de Camilla Battista da Varano y la mística estética de Isabel de Villena a través de sus obras I dolori mentali y la Vita Christi, respectivamente. Camilla Battista da Varano, influenciada por el franciscanismo y la devotio moderna, busca transmitir una experiencia mística revelada por Cristo sobre sus sufrimientos internos durante la Pasión. Su objetivo no es la belleza estética, sino comunicar esta intimidad. Por otro lado, Isabel de Villena, en su Vita Christi, incita a la meditación y contemplación a través de un estilo afectivo propio de la devotio moderna. Selecciona escenas de la vida de Cristo, especialmente la Pasión, para conmover mediante el afecto y la emotividad. Muestra influencias de Ubertino da Casale y Francesc Eiximenis en cuanto a los dolores experimentados por Cristo. Camilla Battista da Varano representa la mística estática, mientras que Isabel de Villena la mística estética. La primera busca transmitir una experiencia revelada, mientras que la segunda utiliza la palabra para incitar a la meditación y contemplación. En la Vita Christi Isabel de Villena se refiere a tres consideraciones o dolores por los que Cristo se lamentaba: por las ofensas hechas en la Pasión, por sus elegidos, y por su santa Madre. Estos dolores se corresponden con los tres dolores de Camilla Battista da Varano en I dolori mentali. Isabel de Villena hace referencia a los tres dolores como un combate interno del alma de Cristo, evidenciando en su obra el predominio de la estética de la palabra, con recursos como la acumulación de oraciones, binomios paratácticos y repetición de exclamaciones retóricas.
Mathematical modelling of the environmental and ecological drivers of zoonotic disease with an application to Lassa fever
Creators: name: Attfield, Lauren Anne
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Due to the essential role of zoonotic hosts, zoonotic spillover results from a complex system of environmentally-driven ecological and epidemiological processes. Despite being a global public health concern, zoonotic disease epidemiology is rarely viewed through the lens of disease ecology, meaning that the ecological factors driving zoonotic disease risk are typically not quantified. In this thesis I develop mathematical models to understand the zoonotic disease system from a process-based perspective informed by ecology, dependent on environmental variables, and tested using human health data. I focus these methods on a case study of Lassa fever which has historically been a neglected zoonosis but now may have improved opportunities for disease mitigation and surveillance. I present an overview of the topic in Chapter 1, outlining the challenges in zoonotic disease modelling and management. In Chapter 2, I find evidence of a severity bias in Lassa fever case data and estimate that infection incidence is likely on a much greater scale than previously thought. To elucidate environmental and ecological drivers of the Lassa virus system, in Chapter 3 I quantify the climatic dependence of reservoir host demographic processes. Along with strong seasonality, I estimate that year-on-year changes in precipitation can lead to substantial changes in the reservoir host population. In Chapter 4, I extend this population model to include pathogen transmission dynamics. Applying this model to states in Nigeria and linking reservoir host virus dynamics to observed human cases, I find that patterns of Lassa fever are significantly and positively correlated with predicted prevalence of infectious reservoir hosts. Finally, in Chapter 5 I summarise the findings and discuss future directions for the management and mitigation of zoonotic disease, concluding that ecological process-based modelling – facilitated by increased integration of knowledge, methods, and data – is essential for understanding zoonotic disease systems.
Rethinking Large-scale Pre-ranking System: Entire-chain Cross-domain Models
Creators: name: Song, Jinbo
name: Huang, Ruoran
name: Wang, Xinyang
name: Huang, Wei
name: Yu, Qian
name: Chen, Mingming
name: Yao, Yafei
name: Fan, Chaosheng
name: Peng, Changping
name: Lin, Zhangang
name: Hu, Jinghe
name: Shao, Jingping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Industrial systems such as recommender systems and online advertising, have been widely equipped with multi-stage architectures, which are divided into several cascaded modules, including matching, pre-ranking, ranking and re-ranking. As a critical bridge between matching and ranking, existing pre-ranking approaches mainly endure sample selection bias (SSB) problem owing to ignoring the entire-chain data dependence, resulting in sub-optimal performances. In this paper, we rethink pre-ranking system from the perspective of the entire sample space, and propose Entire-chain Cross-domain Models (ECM), which leverage samples from the whole cascaded stages to effectively alleviate SSB problem. Besides, we design a fine-grained neural structure named ECMM to further improve the pre-ranking accuracy. Specifically, we propose a cross-domain multi-tower neural network to comprehensively predict for each stage result, and introduce the sub-networking routing strategy with $L0$ regularization to reduce computational costs. Evaluations on real-world large-scale traffic logs demonstrate that our pre-ranking models outperform SOTA methods while time consumption is maintained within an acceptable level, which achieves better trade-off between efficiency and effectiveness.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Holographic Tunneling Wave Function
Creators: name: Conti, Gabriele
name: Hertog, Thomas
name: van der Woerd, Ellen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hartle-Hawking wave function in cosmology can be viewed as a decaying wave function with anti-de Sitter (AdS) boundary conditions. We show that the growing wave function in AdS familiar from Euclidean AdS/CFT is equivalent, semiclassically and up to surface terms, to the tunneling wave function in cosmology. The cosmological measure in the tunneling state is given by the partition function of certain relevant deformations of CFTs on a locally AdS boundary. We compute the partition function of finite constant mass deformations of the O(N) vector model on the round three sphere and show this qualitatively reproduces the behaviour of the tunneling wave function in Einstein gravity coupled to a positive cosmological constant and a massive scalar. We find the amplitudes of inhomogeneities are not damped in the holographic tunneling state.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, Revisions according to the JHEP editor
Experimental and numerical modelling investigations into coal mine rockbursts and gas outbursts
Creators: name: Agrawal, Harshit
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Rockbursts and gas outbursts are a longstanding hazard in underground coal mining due to their sudden occurrences and high consequences. These hazards are becoming prominent due to the increase in mining depth, difficult mining conditions, and adverse gas pressure conditions. Several researchers have proposed different theories, mechanisms, and indices to determine the rockbursts and gas outbursts liability but most of them focus on only some aspects of the complex engineering system for the ease to represent them using partial differential equations. They have often ignored the dynamics of changing mining environment, coal seam heterogeneity and stochastic variations in the rock properties. Most of the indices proposed were empirical and their suitability to different mining conditions is largely debated. To overcome the limitations of previous theories, mechanisms and indices, a probabilistic risk assessment framework was developed in this research to mathematically represent the complex engineering phenomena of rockbursts and gas outbursts for a heterogeneous coal seam. An innovative object-based non-conditional simulation approach was used to distribute lithological heterogeneity occurring in the coal seam to respect their geological origin. The dynamically changing mining conditions during a longwall top coal caving mining (LTCC) was extracted from a coupled numerical model to provide statistically sufficient data for probabilistic analysis. The complex interdependencies among several parameters, their stochastic variations and uncertainty were realistically implemented in the GoldSim software, and 100,000 equally likely scenarios were simulated using the Monte Carlo method to determine the probability of rockbursts and gas outbursts. The results obtained from the probabilistic risk assessment analysis incorporate the variations occurring due to lithological heterogeneity and give a probability for the occurrence of rockbursts, coal and gas outbursts, and safe mining conditions. The framework realistically represents the complex mining environment, is resilient and results are reliable. The framework is generic and can be suitably modified to be used in different underground mining scenarios, overcoming the limitations of earlier empirical indices used.
title: MRI imaging of CNS tuberculosis among patients with AIDS
Creators: name: Drozdov, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Biopsy
subject: AIDS
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the wide spectrum of forms of tuberculosis of the central nervous system To recognize the characteristic MRI findings in tuberculosis lesions of the CNS To emphasize the need for contrast administration and late post-contrast scanning...
Nip1p associates with 40 S ribosomes and the Prt1p subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 and is required for efficient translation initiation
Creators: name: Greenberg, J.R.
name: Phan, L.
name: Sherman, F.
name: Desilva, A.
name: Goldfarb, D.S.
name: Gu, Z.
name: Apolito, C.
name: Hinnebusch, A.G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Nip1p is an essential Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein that was identified in a screen for temperature conditional (ts) mutants exhibiting defects in nuclear transport. New results indicate that Nip1p has a primary role in translation initiation. Polysome profiles indicate that cells depleted of Nip1p and nip1-1 cells are defective in translation initiation, a conclusion that is supported by a reduced rate of protein synthesis in Nip1p- depleted cells. Nip1p cosediments with free 40 S ribosomal subunits and polysomal preinitiation complexes, but not with free or elongating 80 S ribosomes or 60 S subunits. Nip1p can be isolated in an about 670-kDa complex containing polyhistidine-tagged Prt1p, a subunit of translation initiation factor 3, by binding to Ni2+NTA-agarose beads in a manner completely dependent on the tagged form of Prt1p. The nip1-1 ts growth defect was suppressed by the deletion of the ribosomal protein, RPL46. Also, nip1-1 mutant cells are hypersensitive to paromomycin. These results suggest that Nip1p is a subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 required for efficient translation initiation.
title: An Audit Comparing Dose Length Products (DLPs) of CT Colonoscopies for both Bowel Cancer Screening Programme and Non- Bowel Cancer Screening Programme Patients with the National Reference Level
Creators: name: Kathirgamanathan, Misha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Colon
subject: CT
subject: Colonography CT
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the UK, with over 16,000 deaths reported annually (NHS Cancer Screening Programmes 2013). The bowel screening programme (BCSP) was set up in 2006, including patients from 60-69, with certain...
Remote refocusing light-sheet fluorescence microscopy for high-speed 2D and 3D imaging of calcium dynamics in cardiomyocytes
Creators: name: Dvinskikh, Liuba Alexandra
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The high prevalence and poor prognosis of heart failure are two key drivers for research into cardiac electrophysiology and regeneration. Dyssynchrony in calcium release and loss of structural organization within individual cardiomyocytes (CM) has been linked to reduced contractile strength and arrhythmia. Correlating calcium dynamics and cell microstructure requires multidimensional imaging with high spatiotemporal resolution. In light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM), selective plane illumination enables fast optically sectioned imaging with lower phototoxicity, making it suitable for imaging subcellular dynamics. In this work, a custom remote refocusing LSFM system is applied to studying calcium dynamics in isolated CM, cardiac cell cultures and tissue slices. The spatial resolution of the LSFM system was modelled and experimentally characterized. Simulation of the illumination path in Zemax was used to estimate the light-sheet beam waist and confocal parameter. Automated MATLAB-based image analysis was used to quantify the optical sectioning and the 3D point spread function using Gaussian fitting of bead image intensity distributions. The results demonstrated improved and more uniform axial resolution and optical sectioning with the tighter focused beam used for axially swept light-sheet microscopy. High-speed dual-channel LSFM was used for 2D imaging of calcium dynamics in correlation with the t-tubule structure in left and right ventricle cardiomyocytes at 395 fps. The high spatio-temporal resolution enabled the characterization of calcium sparks. The use of para-nitro-blebbistatin (NBleb), a non-phototoxic, low fluorescence contraction uncoupler, allowed 2D-mapping of the spatial dyssynchrony of calcium transient development across the cell. Finally, aberration-free remote refocusing was used for high-speed volumetric imaging of calcium dynamics in human induced pluripotent stem-cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CM) and their co-culture with adult-CM. 3D-imaging at up to 8 Hz demonstrated the synchronization of calcium transients in co-culture, with increased coupling with longer co-culture duration, uninhibited by motion uncoupling with NBleb.
$γ$-Competitiveness: An Approach to Multi-Objective Optimization with High Computation Costs in Lipschitz Functions
Creators: name: Latypov, Ilgam
name: Dorn, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In practical engineering and optimization, solving multi-objective optimization (MOO) problems typically involves scalarization methods that convert a multi-objective problem into a single-objective one. While effective, these methods often incur significant computational costs due to iterative calculations and are further complicated by the need for hyperparameter tuning. In this paper, we introduce an extension of the concept of competitive solutions and propose the Scalarization With Competitiveness Method (SWCM) for multi-criteria problems. This method is highly interpretable and eliminates the need for hyperparameter tuning. Additionally, we offer a solution for cases where the objective functions are Lipschitz continuous and can only be computed once, termed Competitiveness Approximation on Lipschitz Functions (CAoLF). This approach is particularly useful when computational resources are limited or re-computation is not feasible. Through computational experiments on the minimum-cost concurrent flow problem, we demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed method, underscoring its potential for addressing computational challenges in MOO across various applications.
description: New section on Convex/concave functions with Lipschits gradient is added
(103266) Hugh Salvin Digby
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
From flux to dust mass: Does the grain-temperature distribution matter for estimates of cold dust masses in supernova remnants?
Creators: name: Mattsson, Lars
name: Gomez, Haley L.
name: Andersen, Anja C.
name: Matsuura, Mikako
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amount of dust estimated from infrared to sub-millimetre (submm) observations strongly depends on assumptions of different grain sizes, compositions and optical properties. Here we use a simple model of thermal emission from cold silicate/carbon dust at a range of dust grain temperatures and fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the Crab Nebula as a test. This can lower the derived dust mass for the Crab by ~50% and 30-40% for astronomical silicates and amorphous carbon grains compared to recently published values (0.25M_sun -> 0.12M_sun and 0.12M_sun -> 0.072M_sun, respectively), but the implied dust mass can also increase by as much as almost a factor of six (0.25M_sun -> 1.14M_sun and 0.12M_sun -> 0.71M_sun) depending on assumptions regarding the sizes/temperatures of the coldest grains. The latter values are clearly unrealistic due to the expected metal budget, though. Furthermore, we show by a simple numerical experiment that if a cold-dust component does have a grain-temperature distribution, it is almost unavoidable that a two-temperature fit will yield an incorrect dust mass estimate. But we conclude that grain temperatures is not a greater uncertainty than the often poorly constrained emissivities (i.e., material properties) of cosmic dust, although there is clearly a need for improved dust emission models. The greatest complication associated with deriving dust masses still arises in the uncertainty in the dust composition.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, to appear in MNRAS
title: Histogram analysis of ultrafast dynamic contrast enhanced MRI: A novel technique for differentiating malignant from benign breast lesions
Creators: name: Mori, Naoko
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Technology assessment
subject: MR
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Recently, ultrafast 3D dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI ) has been introduced in breast imaging(1). To detect differential features in tumor vasculature between benign and malignant lesions more effectively, an acquisition of higher temporal...
Semi-Classical Asymptotics of Bergman and Spectral Kernels for (0,q)-forms
Creators: name: Chiang, Yueh-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we develop a new scaling method to study spectral and Bergman kernels for the k-th tensor power of a line bundle over a complex manifold under local spectral gap condition. In particular, we establish a simple proof of the pointwise asymptotics of spectral and Bergman kernels. As a new result, in the function case, we obtain the leading term of Bergman kernel under spectral gap with exponential decay. Moreover, in the general cases of (0,q)-forms, the asymptotics remain valid while the curvature of the line bundle is degenerate.
description: 45 pages, Master thesis at National Taiwan University
title: Femoral neck version evaluated by CT: an observational study in different biomechanical hip settings
Creators: name: Dilorenzo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Prostheses
subject: Pathology
subject: Motility
subject: Observer performance
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Pelvis
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate distribution of femoral neck version (FNV) values, obtained on CT scans, among three groups of patients representing different biomechanical hip settings: healthy hips, severe hip osteoarthritis, hip...
(103267) Montague Essex Digby
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Study of correlation between fatty degeneration of multifidus muscles and degenerative diseases of lumbar spine in patients with low-back pain using MRI
Creators: name: Huang, Mingqian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: MR
subject: PACS
subject: RIS
subject: Statistics
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: There is a known, but not thoroughly evaluated association between fatty degeneration of para-spinal muscle and low back pain (LBP)[1-9]. Most prior studies have focused on the multifidus muscle (MF), because of its contribution to lumbar spine...
Female genital tract shedding of HIV-1 is rare in women with suppressed HIV-1 in plasma
Creators: name: Swanstrom, R.
name: French, A.L.
name: Mollan, K.R.
name: Ramirez, C.
name: Bay, C.P.
name: Golub, E.T.
name: Minkoff, H.
name: Anastos, K.
name: Compliment, K.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Sheth, A.N.
name: Herold, B.C.
name: Kassaye, S.
name: Ochsenbauer, C.
name: Seidman, D.L.
name: Nelson, J.A.E.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Edmonds, A.
name: De Paris, K.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2020

description: Objective: Determine the frequency of genital HIV-1 shedding in a large cohort of women on long-term suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its association with mucosal inflammation.Design:We measured levels of HIV-1 RNA and inflammation biomarkers in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) from HIV-seropositive women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS).Methods:HIV-1 was quantified (Abbott RealTime HIV-1 assay) from CVL samples of 332 WIHS participants with and without clinical evidence of genital inflammation at the time of CVL collection; participants had suppressed plasma viral load (PVL; limit of quantitation less than 20-4000copies/ml depending on year of collection) for a median of 7.1 years [interquartile range (IQR) 3.4-9.8, Group 1] or for a median of 1.0 years (IQR=0.5-1.0, Group 2). Twenty-two biomarkers of inflammation were measured in CVL to compare with clinical markers.Results:HIV-1 was detected in 47% of 38 pre-ART CVL samples (median 668copies/ml) and detection in CVL was associated with higher pre-ART PVL. HIV-1 was detected in only 1 of 38 CVL samples from these women on suppressive antiretroviral therapy for 1 year. No HIV-1 RNA was detected in 294 CVL samples from a cross-sectional set of women with suppressed PVL for a median of 7 years. Clinical inflammation markers were correlated with inflammatory biomarkers in CVL specimens, although genital inflammation was not associated with measurable genital HIV-1 shedding in these WIHS participants on ART.Conclusion:ART that suppresses HIV-1 in the plasma of women also prevents genital tract HIV-1 shedding, even in the presence of genital tract inflammation. Copyright © 2019 The Author(s).
title: Ultrasound guided fragmentation for shoulder calcific tendinitis without aspiration of calcium and steroid injection.
Creators: name: Kawooya, Micheal
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Calcifications / Calculi

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describeultrasound guided needle fragmentation (UGNF) for rotator cuff calcific tendinitis (RCCT) without aspiration and steroid injection and to compare this to UGNF followed by aspiration and steroid...
(103259) Evelyn Agnes Baird
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fisher-symmetric informationally complete measurements for pure states
Creators: name: Li, Nan
name: Ferrie, Christopher
name: Gross, Jonathan A.
name: Kalev, Amir
name: Caves, Carlton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new kind of quantum measurement that is defined to be symmetric in the sense of uniform Fisher information across a set of parameters that injectively represent pure quantum states in the neighborhood of a fiducial pure state. The measurement is locally informationally complete---i.e., it uniquely determines these parameters, as opposed to distinguishing two arbitrary quantum states---and it is maximal in the sense of a multi-parameter quantum Cramer-Rao bound. For a $d$-dimensional quantum system, requiring only local informational completeness allows us to reduce the number of outcomes of the measurement from a minimum close to but below $4d-3$, for the usual notion of global pure-state informational completeness, to $2d-1$.
description: v2 has additional discussion of Fisher-symmetric measurements for mixed states and an additional example of a PFSIC that consists of coin flipping between two orthonormal bases. Two new authors. Additional minor changes throughout
title: The Use Of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient As A Potential Marker Of Rectal Cancer Aggressiveness Compared To Conventional Contrast-Enhanced MRI.
Creators: name: Mohammad, Kholoud
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Staging
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To illustrate the normal anatomy of the rectum & the surrounding facsial planes especially the mesorectal fascia & its importance in treatment plan . To discuss the value of MRI and DW MRI in characterization of primary rectal cancer ( T stage , N...
Collisional excitation of PO$^+$ by $para$-H$_2$
Creators: name: Tonolo, F.
name: Bizzocchi, L.
name: Rivilla, V. M.
name: Lique, F.
name: Melosso, M.
name: Puzzarini, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the derivation of rate coefficients for the rotational (de-)excitation of PO$^+$ induced by collisions with H$_2$. The calculations were performed on a four-dimensional potential energy surface, obtained on top of highly accurate $ab$ $initio$ energy points. Preliminary tests pointed out the low influence of the coupling between $j=0$ and the higher rotational levels of H$_2$ on the cross sections values, thus allowing to neglect the rotational structure of H$_2$. On this basis, state-to-state collisional rate coefficients were derived for temperatures ranging from 5 to 200 K. Radiative transfer calculations have been used to model the recent observation of PO$^+$ in the G+0.693-0.027 molecular cloud, in order to evaluate the possible impact of non-LTE models on the determination of its physical conditions. The derived column density was found to be approximately $\sim 3.7\times10^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$, which is 60\% (a factor of $\sim 1.7$) smaller than the previously LTE-derived value. Extensive simulations show that PO$^+$ low-$j$ rotational lines exhibit maser behavior at densities between $10^4$ and $10^6$ cm$^{-3}$, thus highlighting the importance of a proper treatment of the molecular collisions to accurately model PO$^+$ emissions in the interstellar medium.
Low voltage and fast speed all-polymeric optocouplers
Creators: name: Chen, H.-Y.
name: Huang, J.S.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Yao, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: An all-polymeric optocoupler has been demonstrated with a polymer light-emitting diode (PLED) as the light source (input unit) and a polymer/fullerene photodiode (PD) as the detector (output unit). The electroluminescence (EL) peak of the PLED is 560nm, and the entire EL spectrum is within the response range of the PD. The optocoupler can work at low driving voltages, 5V on the PLED and 0V on the PD. The output photocurrent increases linearly with input current, and the current density transfer ratio reaches 1.5%. The frequency response of the optocoupler is at 500kHz. With comparable performance to their inorganic counterparts, the all-polymeric optocouplers demonstrated here will bring the technology of organic photonic devices one step closer to commercialization.
Proton-mediated reversible switching of metastable ferroelectric phases with low operation voltages
Creators: name: He, Xin
name: Ma, Yinchang
name: Zhang, Chenhui
name: Fu, Aiping
name: Hu, Weijin
name: Xu, Yang
name: Yu, Bin
name: Liu, Kai
name: Wang, Hua
name: Zhang, Xixiang
name: Xue, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exploration of ferroelectric phase transitions enables an in-depth understanding of ferroelectric switching and promising applications in information storage. However, controllably tuning the dynamics of ferroelectric phase transitions remains challenging owing to inaccessible hidden phases. Here, using protonic gating technology, we create a series of metastable ferroelectric phases and demonstrate their reversible transitions in van der Waals ferroelectric α-In2Se3 transistors. By varying the gate bias, protons can be incrementally injected or extracted, achieving controllable tuning of the ferroelectric α-In2Se3 protonic dynamics across the channel and obtaining numerous intermediate phases. Combining piezoelectric force microscopy and electrical hysteresis measurements, we surprisingly discover that the gate tuning of α-In2Se3 protonation is volatile, unlike the conventional gating effect, and the created new phases remain polar. Their origin, revealed by first-principles calculations, is related to the formation of metastable hydrogen-stabilized α-In2Se3 phases with switchable dipoles. Furthermore, our approach enables ultralow gate-voltage switching of different phases (below 0.4 V), and easy integration with transistor components. This work provides fundamental insights into the interactions between protons and ferroelectric phase transitions, providing a possible avenue for accessing hidden phases in ferroelectric switching and for developing energy-efficient, multilevel-switching memory devices.
description: 39 pages, 19 figures
title: Cerebral venous thrombosis: we must not forget it!
Creators: name: Hernandez Herrero, Mariola
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the radiological findings on CT and MRI of the different presentations of cerebral venous thrombosis, through a series of cases of our service, with the purpose of this pathology not go unnoticed in our daily...