cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On combinatorial testing problems
Creators: name: Addario-Berry, Louigi
name: Broutin, Nicolas
name: Devroye, Luc
name: Lugosi, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a class of hypothesis testing problems in which, upon observing the realization of an $n$-dimensional Gaussian vector, one has to decide whether the vector was drawn from a standard normal distribution or, alternatively, whether there is a subset of the components belonging to a certain given class of sets whose elements have been ``contaminated,'' that is, have a mean different from zero. We establish some general conditions under which testing is possible and others under which testing is hopeless with a small risk. The combinatorial and geometric structure of the class of sets is shown to play a crucial role. The bounds are illustrated on various examples.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOS817 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Cell-Mediated Immunity of the Dog Lung and Effects of Inhaled 239PuO2 or Pulmonary Tumors
Creators: name: Galvin, Jennifer Baker
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1983

description: Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) in the lung has not been well characterized due to the lack of applicable tests. A major objective was to define pulmonary CMI serially in immunized and control lung lobes using the leukocyte procoagulant (LPCA) assay in young adult dogs. This was compared to a standard, but less reproducible CMI assay, macrophage migration inhibition facet (MIF). The CMI response, as measured by the LPCA assay, peaked in the blood 7 days after lung immunization. The pulmonary CMI response measured with cells obtained by bronchial lavage from the immunized and control lung lobes peaked at 9 to 12 days after intrapulmonary immunization with 10xx sheep red blood cells (SRBC). This peak pulmonary immune response corresponded with the day of lymphocyte influx into the lung.
An attempt was made to increase the level of CMI in the lung by administration of muramyl dipeptide by two different routes. The administration of the adjuvant muramyl dipeptide (MDP) into the lung or given intravenously suppressed the CMI response in the lung after instillation of antigen (10xx SRBC).
Four dogs were exposed to 239Puu2 when the dogs were one year old. When the dogs were 6 to 7 years old the pulmonary CMI was evaluated after lung immunization. Age-matched control dogs were immunized for comparisons. The noticeable difference between the control and plutonium-exposed dogs was the dramatic cellular chancres produced in the control and immunized lung lobes of the plutonium-exposed dogs. Inhalation or plutonium in addition to sequential lavages produced high numbers of neutrophils to be recruited to the lung. However. the effects of inhaled 239Pu02 on pulmonary CMI of 6 to 7-year-old dogs were obscured by the low pulmonary immune response in the age-matched control dogs. The age-matched control dogs showed no cellular changes in either the saline lung lobe or the immunized lung lobe. This result was attributed to the age of the dogs. The control dogs produced high amounts or immunoglobulins as measured in the serum. however. they could not recruit these serum immunoglobulins into the lung. The plutonium-exposed dogs showed a similar immunoglobulin immune response.
The effects of naturally occurring tumors or those produced by inhaled radioactive compounds were evaluated tor their effects on the procoagulant activity assay and spontaneous macrophage migration. The procoagulant activity of the lung is significantly increased if a tumor is present in the lung. The migration area of the cell population lavaged from the tumor-bearing lung lobe was significantly increased over control lobe migration areas.
Magnetic phases of two-component ultracold bosons in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Hubener, A.
name: Snoek, M.
name: Hofstetter, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spin-order of ultracold bosons in an optical lattice by means of Dynamical Mean-Field Theory. A rich phase diagram with anisotropic magnetic order is found, both for the ground state and at finite temperatures. Within the Mott insulator, a ferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic transition can be tuned using a spin-dependent optical lattice. In addition we find a supersolid phase, in which superfluidity coexists with antiferromagnetic spin order. We present detailed phase diagrams at finite temperature for the experimentally realized heteronuclear 87Rb - 41K mixture in a three-dimensional optical lattice.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, revised and published version
Pinpointing Cosmic Ray Propagation With The AMS-02 Experiment
Creators: name: Pato, Miguel
name: Hooper, Dan
name: Simet, Melanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02), which is scheduled to be deployed onboard the International Space Station later this year, will be capable of measuring the composition and spectra of GeV-TeV cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. In this paper, we study how the projected measurements from AMS-02 of stable secondary-to-primary and unstable ratios (such as boron-to-carbon and beryllium-10-to-beryllium-9) can constrain the models used to describe the propagation of cosmic rays throughout the Milky Way. We find that within the context of fairly simple propagation models, all of the model parameters can be determined with high precision from the projected AMS-02 data. Such measurements are less constraining in more complex scenarios, however, which allow for departures from a power-law form for the diffusion coefficient, for example, or for inhomogeneity or stochasticity in the distribution and chemical abundances of cosmic ray sources.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, matches published version
Why do cosmological perturbations look classical to us?
Creators: name: Kiefer, Claus
name: Polarski, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the inflationary scenario of cosmology, all structure in the Universe can be traced back to primordial fluctuations during an accelerated (inflationary) phase of the very early Universe. A conceptual problem arises due to the fact that the primordial fluctuations are quantum, while the standard scenario of structure formation deals with classical fluctuations. In this essay we present a concise summary of the physics describing the quantum-to-classical transition. We first discuss the observational indistinguishability between classical and quantum correlation functions in the closed system approach (pragmatic view). We then present the open system approach with environment-induced decoherence. We finally discuss the question of the fluctuations' entropy for which, in principle, the concrete mechanism leading to decoherence possesses observational relevance.
description: 12 pages, Revtex, invited contribution to a special issue of Advanced Science Letters, final version
USER AUTHENTICATION AND CRYPTOGRAPHY USING BRAIN SIGNALS – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Creators: name: Vaibhavi Lakhani
name: Vraj Baxi
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: EEG
Brain Wave Signals
Authentication
Cryptography
Crypto-biometric System
Biometric System

description: Human brain cells communicate with each other through electrical impulses and this electric field is measured by an electroencephalogram (EEG). These signals are individually unique and non-trivial to collect and henceforth it has emerged as a powerful and most reliable amongst the other biometrics due to its profoundly unique nature, which makes it impracticable to steal or mimic. The brain waves or signals can be utilized as biometric authentication to provide a secure and robust data exchange. In this paper, analyzing the active portions and the various states of the human brain to generate the cryptographic keys from brainwave signals are reviewed to provide better security to the data. This review also facilitates the user-authenticating ability of an EEG-based person authentication (EBPA) system when clients are in a variety of brain states during performing mental tasks to login.
Genesis: An Extensible Java
Creators: name: Lewis, IJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Extensible programming languages allow users to create fundamentally new syntax and translate this syntax into language primitives. The concept of compile-time meta-programming has been around for decades, but systems that provide such abilities generally disallow the creation of new syntactic forms, or have heavy restrictions on how, or where, this may be done.\ \ Genesis is an extension to Java that supports compile-time meta-programming by allowing users to create their own arbitrary syntax. This is achieved through macros that operate on a mix of both concrete and abstract syntax, and produce abstract syntax. Genesis attempts to provide a minimal design whilst maintaining, and extending, the expressive power of other similar macro systems.\ The core Genesis language definition lacks many of the desirable features found in other systems, such as quasi-quote, hygiene, and static expression-type dispatch, but is expressive enough to define these as syntax extensions. User-defined macros produce only well-formed syntactic structures via the use of a predefined set of classes that define a Java abstract syntax.\ \ At the heart of Genesis is a flexible parser that is capable of parsing any context-free grammars - even ambiguous ones. The parser is capable of arbitrary speculation and will consider all possible parses. The parser constructs a graph of possible paths, and is capable of dynamically pruning this graph, or combining nodes, based on precedence or associativity rules. This general parser allows macro programmers to forget about parsing, and concentrate on defining new syntax. \ \ One key goal of this system was to address the programmer's learning curve by providing as simple a system as possible. This was achieved by the use of the flexible parser, the introduction of only one new construct to standard Java, and extensions to make programming macros more user friendly.\ The expressiveness of Genesis is wide ranging; it is capable of providing small scale limited use macros, large scale semantic modifications, through to complete language replacements.\ \ To demonstrate this expressiveness, we implement many of the simple test cases found in other systems, such as a type-safe printf, assertions, and iteration statements. These test cases require an ability to perform static type-checking and to manipulate compile-time values and abstract syntax trees. As additional examples of Genesis' expressive power we also provide implementations of embedded subsets of SQL and Haskell. As a final proof of power, the Haskell subset can operate as a stand-alone extension independent of any recognisable Java code.
title: Model-Centered Instruction: A Design Research Study to Investigate an Alternative Approach to Patient Education
Creators: name: Parlin, Mary Ann
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2006

description: While medical technology, intervention, and treatment continue to advance, patients often find themselves involved in an increasingly complex healthcare system . Because of this, many patients lack access to the knowledge to facilitate successful navigation or participation in healthcare systems to their best advantage. Patient Ill education that provides experiential information has been shown to reduce anxiety levels and increase patient health outcomes and compliance with medical instructions or recommendations. Given the demonstrated effectiveness of experiential instruction in patient education, Model-Centered Instruction (MCI) has the potential to be an effective instructional design for patient education because it affords the learner experience with systems or models in the presence of instructional augmentation. While MCI design theory is well-documented, it has not been widely implemented and tested at the instructional product level.
WIND SPEED POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED CLIMATIC ZONES OF ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Endalew Ayenew
name: Santoshkumar Hampannavar
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Wind speed assessment
Statistical analysis
Wind Energy

description: In this paper the wind speed potential assessment of different climatic zones of Ethiopia are proposed. Statistical analysis of wind speed were carried out using Rayleigh and Weibull probability density functions (PDF) for a specific location. Real time Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) data was used for the wind speed potential assessment of three different climatic zones and to plot wind rose diagram.
Optimization and Modelling of Industrial Water Circuits
Creators: name: Oliveira, Miguel Castro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: industrial water circuits
energy efficiency
improvement measures
modelling
optimization
OpenModelica

description: The present work had the objective of modelling and optimizing model-based industrial water circuits (IWC). The IWC consist in streams of production processes that commonly are treated as secondary circuits, and, consequently, the related energy consumption is being neglected and, so of, a great optimization potential. In the scope of the European funded WaterWatt project, eleven cases were investigated, and the water circuits models were assembled in OpenModelica, by creating a custom library from components of the ThermoPower library. The current work focuses on the five more representative cases studies of the project. These models were properly calibrated through real measured data and improvement measures were applied to increase energy efficiency. The energy efficiency improvement-driven optimization was executed by adapting the pump motors speed, in case of variable water demand circuits, and the cooling tower fans speed, in addition to increase mechanical and hydraulic efficiencies of the pumps. This allowed a total share of energy savings of 25%, 4%, 23%, 17% and 12% for, respectively, the open cooling circuits, closed cooling circuit, gas washing circuit, transportation circuit and quenching circuit, for the case of the application of variable speed drives in pump motors and cooling tower fans simultaneously with the change to high efficiency motors. An identical implementation procedure was executed for the application of variable speed drives simultaneously with the refurbishment of pumps, in which was possible to achieve a total share of energy savings of 31%, 13%, 32%, 24% and 12% respectively for each one of aforementioned circuits.
title: Repeat Migration in the United States: A Comparison of Black, Hispanic, and White Return and Onward Migrants
Creators: name: Wilson, Beth A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2005

description: The primary objective of this study is to examine U.S. repeat migration for blacks, Hispanics, and whites. It investigates the relationships and patterns of these different racial/ethnic groups utilizing the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79). Repeat migration within and across categories of individual characteristics for blacks, Hispanics, and whites, is compared in order to determine if there are differences in the overall rates of repeat migration for these groups, once other factors are controlled.
To do this several statistical procedures are utilized, and the results of selected descriptive and logistic analyses are presented. The descriptive statistics control for race/ethnicity and examine patterns within the groups; these findings display important relationships to onward and return migration. The inferential statistical method employed is logistic regression for the sample as a whole, which examines the effects across the groups, and the direction of migration.
Where past research has not investigated the complexities of repeat migration in combination with race/ethnicity, there are several notable results from this study. Specifically, this research finds that in terms of onward migration, whites are significantly more likely to move onward than are blacks or Hispanics even after controlling for key socioeconomic factors. Changes in marital status are significantly related to migration, and to the direction of repeat migration; individuals who change from "single to married" are likely to be onward migrants, whereas those who change from "married to single" are likely to be return migrants. This study finds there are differences in rates of return migration by level of education for racial/ethnic groups. Moreover, the relationship between onward migration and employment status is different for Hispanics than blacks and whites.
Study of several aspects of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase
Creators: name: Gibson, Sheila M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Interest in brain catecholamines has grown considerably in the last few years in view of their possible role as neurotransmitters. This investigation deals primarily with the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase which is thought to be the rate limiting step in catecholamine synthesis. Using tyrosine hydroxylase measurements and catecholamine depletion techniques,attempts were made to determine the site of increased synthesis of catecholamines in animals exposed to cold. Brain, heart and spleen do not appear to be the organs involved in this change. Adrenals may be of significance but the results were suggestive rather than conclusive. Tyrosine hydroxylase distribution in brain was determined in various regions of rat, rabbit and cat brain, and activity was shown to be highest in the caudate, septal area, nucleus accombens, and anterior perforating substance, with much lower activities in other regions such as hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, thalamus, cortex, cerebellum and brain stem. Using these distribution studies as indications of normal tyrosine hydroxylase activity in areas of rat brain, and electrolytic lesion techniques, studies were carried out to determine noradrenergic and dopanergic pathways in brain. Catecholamine fibers from their origin in the midbrain were traced in the midbrain and diencephalon to the caudate and septal area, and the relative positions of each group of fibers determined along their course.
Angular Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in cold fermion gases in a toroidal trap
Creators: name: Yanase, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of angular Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state, in which the rotation symmetry is spontaneously broken, in population imbalanced fermion gases near the BCS-BEC crossover. We investigate the superfluid gases at low temperatures on the basis of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation, and examine the stability against thermal fluctuations using the T-matrix approach beyond the local-density approximation (LDA). We find that the angular FFLO state is stabilized in the gases confined in the toroidal trap but not in the harmonic trap. The angular FFLO state is stable near the BCS-BEC crossover owing to the formation of pseudogap. Spatial dependences of number density and local population imbalance are shown for an experimental test.
description: final version for publication in Phys. Rev. B Rapid Communication
Vacuum entanglement governs the bosonic character of magnons
Creators: name: Morimae, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that magnons, elementary excitations in a magnetic material, behave as bosons when their density is low. We study how the bosonic character of magnons is governed by the amount of a multipartite entanglement in the vacuum state on which magnons are excited. We show that if the multipartite entanglement is strong, magnons cease to be bosons. We also consider some examples, such as ground states of the Heisenberg ferromagnet and the transverse Ising model, the condensation of magnons, the one-way quantum computer, and Kitaev's toric code. Our result provides insights into the quantum statistics of elementary excitations in these models, and into the reason why a non-local transformation, such as the Jordan-Wigner transformation, is necessary for some many-body systems.
description: 4 pages, no figure
SOIL: The vision to a global challenge
Creators: name: Falsone, Gloria
name: Marzadori, Claudio
name: Cavani, Luciano
name: Ciavatta, Claudio
name: Braschi, Ilaria
name: Francioso, Ornella
name: Vittori Antisari, Livia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2020
Subjects: AGR/14 Pedologia

description: Maintaining and improving the soil resource is crucial for the protection of the global environment, the sustainability issues, the human well-being, and the economic development. Soil is in fact a complex integrated system whose multitude of biotic and abiotic properties allows the provision of functions, which in turn deliver ecosystem services for human benefits. The most widespread agrarian, forest and food production systems may have negative impacts on soil, thus exacerbating its degradation processes. There is an increasing awareness that improper use or poor soil management, together with the most recent events related to climate change, jeopardize the proper functioning of soils. The need to protect the soil resource is thus widely shared internationally. One of the major challenges in the new growth EU strategy is to accomplish food security and to promote sustainable agricultural development, achieving the climate neutrality by 2050. Given the crucial role of soil for human activities, the Soil Thematic Group of the Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna (Italy), states its position identifying the main challenges for the future growth of EU in: - The organic carbon loss; - Bio-technologies for agro-waste conversion into eco-efficient bio-based products; - Soil biodiversity: preservation and restoration; - The agroecological systems for supporting the farm to fork and ecosystems and biodiversity policies; - Towards a soil sustainable and suitable farm and food system; - Forest soil restoration; - Next generation policy instruments for soil conservation and carbon sequestration; - Soil as energy resource for sustainable rural facilities; - Novel methodologies and approaches to multi-criteria landscape analysis, monitoring and planning.
LIFE AGROWETLANDS II: Smart Water and Soil Salinity Management in Agro-wetlands /// Gestione Intelligente, della Salinità dell’Acqua e del Suolo in Aree Umide Agricole
Creators: name: Speranza, Maria
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2020
Subjects: AGR/08 Idraulica agraria e sistemazioni idraulico-forestali
AGR/14 Pedologia
ING-IND/09 Sistemi per l'energia e l'ambiente

description: La Conferenza Finale del Progetto LIFE AGROWETLANDS II, programmata per il 18 Giugno 2020, con il supporto della Regione Emilia-Romagna - Servizio Agricoltura Sostenibile, fu poi annullata in relazione alla situazione sanitaria COVID-19. Questo volume, pubblicato in versione digitale, vuole raccogliere e divulgare i contributi che avrebbero dovuto essere presentati in occasione della Conferenza stessa.
title: Systems Optimization Models to Improve Water Management and Environmental Decision Making
Creators: name: Alminagorta Cabezas, Omar
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: System models have been used to improve water management and environmental decision making. In spite of the many existing mathematical models and tools that attempt to improve environmental decision making, few efforts have been made to identify how scarce resources (e.g., water, budget) can be more efficiently allocated to improve the environmental and ecological performance of different ecosystems (e.g., wetland habitat). This dissertation presents a set of management tools to improve the environmental and ecological performance. These tools are described in three studies. First, a simple optimization model is developed to help regulators and watershed managers determine cost-effective best management practices (BMPs) to reduce phosphorus load at the Echo Reservoir Watershed, Utah. The model minimizes the costs of BMP implementation to achieve a specified phosphorus load reduction target. Second, a novel approach is developed to quantify wetland habitat performance. This performance metric is embedded in a new optimization model to recommend water allocations and invasive vegetation control in wetlands. Model recommendations are subject to constraints such as water availability, spatial connectivity of wetland, hydraulic infrastructure capacities, vegetation growth and responses to management, plus financial and time resources available to allocate water and invasive vegetation control. Third, an agent-based model is developed to simulate the spread of the invasive Phragmites australis (common reed), one of the most successful invasive plant species in wetlands. Results of the agent-based model are embedded into an optimization model (developed in the second study) to recommend invasive vegetation control actions. The second and third studies were applied at the Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge, which is the largest wetland complex on the Great Salt Lake, Utah. These three studies provide a set of decision-support tools that recommend: (1) BMPs to reduce phosphorus loading in a watershed, (2) management strategies to improve wetland bird habitat, and (3) control strategies to minimize invasive Phragmites spread. Together, these models provide important insights and recommendations for managers to make informed decisions to manage excess nutrients in water bodies as well as to improve wetland management.
title: Techno-Economic Feasibility and Life Cycle Assessment of Dairy Effluent to Biofuel via Hydrothermal Liquefaction
Creators: name: Summers, Hailey M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Uncertainty in the global energy market and negative environmental impacts associated with fossil fuels has led to renewed interest in alternative fuels. The scalability of new technologies and production pathways are critically being evaluated through economic feasibility studies and environmental impact assessments. This work investigated the conversion of agricultural wast, delactosed whey permeate (delac), with yeast fermentation for the generation of biofuel via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). The feasibility of the process was demonstrated at laboratory scale with data leveraged to validate systems models used to perform industrial-scale economic and environmental impact analyses. Results showed a minimum fuel selling point of $4.56 per gasoline gallon equivalent (CGE), a net energy ratio (NER), defined as energy required to process biofuel divided by energy in the biofuel produced, of 0.81 and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of 30.03 g CO2-eq MJ-1. High Production costs can be attributed to operational temperatures of HTL while the high lipid yields of the yeast counter these heating demands, resulting in a favorable NER. The operating conditions of both fermentation and HTL contributed to the majority of GHG emissions. Further discussion focuses on optimization of the process, on the metrics of TEA and LCA and the evaluation of the process, on the metrics of TEA and LCA, and the evaluation of the process through a sensitivity analysis that highlights areas for directed research to improve commercial feasibility.
Final Mass and Spin of Merged Black Holes and the Golden Black Hole
Creators: name: Healy, James
name: Laguna, Pablo
name: Matzner, Richard A.
name: Shoemaker, Deirdre M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on the mass and spin of the final black hole from mergers of equal mass, spinning black holes. The study extends over a broad range of initial orbital configurations, from direct plunges to quasi-circular inspirals to more energetic orbits (generalizations of Newtonian elliptical orbits). It provides a comprehensive search of those configurations that maximize the final spin of the remnant black hole. We estimate that the final spin can reach a maximum spin $a/M_h \approx 0.99\pm 0.01$ for extremal black hole mergers. In addition, we find that, as one increases the orbital angular momentum from small values, the mergers produce black holes with mass and spin parameters $\lbrace M_h/M, a/M_h \rbrace$ ~spiraling around the values $\lbrace \hat M_h/M, \hat a/M_h \rbrace$ of a {\it golden} black hole. Specifically, $(M_h-\hat M_h)/M \propto e^{\pm B\,ϕ}\cosϕ$ and $(a-\hat a)/M_h \propto e^{\pm C\,ϕ}\sinϕ$, with $ϕ$ a monotonically growing function of the initial orbital angular momentum. We find that the values of the parameters for the \emph{golden} black hole are those of the final black hole obtained from the merger of a binary with the corresponding spinning black holes in a quasi-circular inspiral.
description: Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D Rapid Comm.
Geometry and perspective in the landscape of the Saqqara pyramids
Creators: name: Magli, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of peculiar, visual alignments between the pyramids of the pharaohs of the 4, 5 and 6 Egyptian dynasties exists. These alignments governed from the very beginning the planning of the funerary monuments of successive kings and, in some cases, led to establish building sites in quite inconvenient locations from the technical viewpoint. Explaining the topography of these monuments means therefore also investigating on their symbolic motivations: religion, power, dynastic lineage and social context, as well as getting insights on the skills of the ancient architects in astronomy and geometry. In the present paper we focus on the relationships between the Old Kingdom pyramids at Saqqara.
description: Archaeoastronomy/History of astronomy
Unsteady aerodynamics of stationary elliptic cylinders in subcritical flow
Creators: name: Wiland, Erling
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The aerodynamics of a set of two-dimensional elliptic cylinders with eccentricity of 0.8 and 0.6 is studied experimentally during the organised wake condition. The dynamic calibration of the transducer used for measurement of fluctuating pressures is described in detail. The data on Strouhal number, unsteady pressures and wake geometry are presented as a function of angle of attack during static condition of the models. The effect of Reynolds number on the fluctuating pressure is also examined. The results indicate dependence of the unsteady forces on Reynolds number at zero angle of attack. Basing the Strouhal number on projected width appears to reduce its dependence on the angle of attack of the models. The existence of a large phase angle between the fluctuating pressures is of interest. The wake geometry study indicates a gradual reduction in the ratio of the lateral to the longitudinal spacing with increase in angle of attack.
A Dichotomy Theorem for Polynomial Evaluation
Creators: name: Briquel, Irénée
name: Koiran, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A dichotomy theorem for counting problems due to Creignou and Hermann states that or any nite set S of logical relations, the counting problem #SAT(S) is either in FP, or #P-complete. In the present paper we show a dichotomy theorem for polynomial evaluation. That is, we show that for a given set S, either there exists a VNP-complete family of polynomials associated to S, or the associated families of polynomials are all in VP. We give a concise characterization of the sets S that give rise to "easy" and "hard" polynomials. We also prove that several problems which were known to be #P-complete under Turing reductions only are in fact #P-complete under many-one reductions.
Brake subharmonic solutions of first order Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Li, Chong
name: Liu, Chungen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58F05, 58E05, 34C25

description: In this paper, we mainly use the Galerkin approximation method and the iteration inequalities of the $L$-Maslov type index theory to study the properties of brake subharmonic solutions for the first order non-autonomous Hamiltonian systems. We prove that when the positive integers $j$ and $k$ satisfies the certain conditions, there exists a $jT$-periodic nonconstant brake solution $z_{j}$ such that $z_{j}$ and $z_{kj}$ are distinct.
description: 22 pages, published by Science in China
Gradient recovery in adaptive finite element methods for parabolic problems
Creators: name: Lakkis, Omar
name: Pryer, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M60, 65Y20, 65G20

description: We derive energy-norm aposteriori error bounds, using gradient recovery (ZZ) estimators to control the spatial error, for fully discrete schemes for the linear heat equation. This appears to be the first completely rigorous derivation of ZZ estimators for fully discrete schemes for evolution problems, without any restrictive assumption on the timestep size. An essential tool for the analysis is the elliptic reconstruction technique. Our theoretical results are backed with extensive numerical experimentation aimed at (a) testing the practical sharpness and asymptotic behaviour of the error estimator against the error, and (b) deriving an adaptive method based on our estimators. An extra novelty provided is an implementation of a coarsening error "preindicator", with a complete implementation guide in ALBERTA.
description: 6 figures, 1 sketch, appendix with pseudocode
Light-front interpretation of Proton Generalized Polarizabilities
Creators: name: Gorchtein, M.
name: Lorcé, C.
name: Pasquini, B.
name: Vanderhaeghen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the recently developed formalism to extract light-front quark charge densities from nucleon form factor data to the deformations of these quark charge densities when applying an external electric field. We show that the resulting induced polarizations can be extracted from proton generalized polarizabilities. The available data for the generalized electric polarizabilitiy of the proton yield a pronounced structure in its induced polarization at large transverse distances, which will be pinned down by forthcoming high precision virtual Compton scattering experiments.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, reference added, minor typos corrected
Comments on Supercurrent Multiplets, Supersymmetric Field Theories and Supergravity
Creators: name: Komargodski, Zohar
name: Seiberg, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze various supersymmetry multiplets containing the supercurrent and the energy-momentum tensor. The most widely known such multiplet, the Ferrara-Zumino (FZ) multiplet, is not always well-defined. This can happen once Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) terms are present or when the Kahler form of the target space is not exact. We present a new multiplet S which always exists. This understanding of the supersymmetry current allows us to obtain new results about the possible IR behavior of supersymmetric theories. Next, we discuss the coupling of rigid supersymmetric theories to supergravity. When the theory has an FZ-multiplet or it has a global R-symmetry the standard formalism can be used. But when this is not the case such simple gauging is impossible. Then, we must gauge the current S. The resulting theory has, in addition to the graviton and the gravitino, another massless chiral superfield Phi which is essential for the consistency of the theory. Some of the moduli of various string models play the role of Phi. Our general considerations, which are based on the consistency of supergravity, show that such moduli cannot be easily lifted thus leading to constraints on gravity/string models.
description: 27 pages. v2: references added and minor changes. v3: minor changes. v4: minor clarifications
$F$-pure homomorphisms, strong $F$-regularity, and $F$-injectivity
Creators: name: Hashimoto, Mitsuyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A35

description: We discuss Matijevic-Roberts type theorem on strong $F$-regularity, $F$-purity, and Cohen-Macaulay $F$-injective (CMFI for short) property. Related to this problem, we also discuss the base change problem and the openness of loci of these properties. In particular, we define the notion of $F$-purity of homomorphisms using Radu-Andre homomorphisms, and prove basic properties of it. We also discuss a strong version of strong $F$-regularity (very strong $F$-regularity), and compare these two versions of strong $F$-regularity. As a result, strong $F$-regularity and very strong $F$-regularity agree for local rings, $F$-finite rings, and essentially finite-type algebras over an excellent local rings. We prove the $F$-pure base change of strong $F$-regularity.
description: 37 pages, updated the bibliography, and modified some errors
Pacific and Indian Ocean climate signals in a tree-ring record of Java monsoon drought
Creators: D'Arrigo, Rosanne Dorothy
Allan, Rob
Wilson, Rob
Palmer, Jonathan
Sakulich, John
Smerdon, Jason E.
Bijaksana, Satria
Ngkoimani, La Ode
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Southern oscillation
Dendrochronology
Meteorology
Atmosphere

description: Extreme climate conditions have dramatic socio-economic impacts on human populations across the tropics. In Indonesia, severe drought and floods have been associated with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events that originate in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Recently, an Indian Ocean dipole mode (IOD) in sea surface temperature (SST) has been proposed as another potential cause of drought and flood extremes in western Indonesia and elsewhere around the Indian Ocean rim. The nature of such variability and its degree of independence from the ENSO system are topics of recent debate, but understanding is hampered by the scarcity of long instrumental records for the tropics. Here, we describe a tree-ring reconstruction of the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) for Java, Indonesia, that preserves a history of ENSO and IOD-related extremes over the past 217 years. Extreme Javan droughts correspond well to known ENSO and IOD events in recent decades, and most extreme droughts before this recent period can be explained by known ENSO episodes. Coral proxies from regions near or within the two poles of the IOD show good agreement with Javan PDSI extremes over the past ∼150 years. The El Niño of 1877, in conjunction with a positive IOD, was one of the most intense and widespread episodes of the past two centuries, based on instrumental and proxy data from across the tropical Indo-Pacific and Asian monsoon regions. Although Java droughts typically show the expected association with El Niño-like conditions and failed Indian monsoons, others (mainly linked to positive IOD conditions) co-occur with a strengthened Indian monsoon, suggesting linkages between the Indian monsoon, Indonesian drought and Indian Ocean climatic variability. The close associations between the Java PDSI, ENSO and Indian Ocean climate are consistent with the hypothesis that interannual ENSO to decadal ENSO-like modes interact to generate dipole-like Indian Ocean variability.
Angular Dependence of Jitter Radiation Spectra from Small-Scale Magnetic Turbulence
Creators: name: Reynolds, Sarah
name: Pothapragada, Sriharsha
name: Medvedev, Mikhail V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jitter radiation is produced by relativistic electrons moving in turbulent small-scale magnetic fields such as those produced by streaming Weibel-type instabilities at collisionless shocks in weakly magnetized media. Here we present a comprehensive study of the dependence of the jitter radiation spectra on the properties of, in general, anisotropic magnetic turbulence. We have obtained that the radiation spectra do reflect, to some extent, properties of the magnetic field spatial distribution, yet the radiation field is anisotropic and sensitive to the viewing direction with respect to the field anisotropy direction. We explore the parameter space of the magnetic field distribution and its effect on the radiation spectrum. Some important results include: the presence of the harder-than-synchrotron segment below the peak frequency at some viewing angles, the presence of the high-frequency power-law tail even for a monoenergetic distribution of electrons, the dependence of the peak frequency on the field correlation length rather than the field strength, the strong correlation of the spectral parameters with the viewing angle. In general, we have found that even relatively minor changes in the magnetic field properties can produce very significant effects upon the jitter radiation spectra. We consider these results to be important for accurate interpretation of prompt gamma-ray burst spectra and possibly other sources.
description: 75 pages, 29 figures, submitted to ApJ
Entanglement between particle partitions in itinerant many-particle states
Creators: name: Haque, Masudul
name: Zozulya, O. S.
name: Schoutens, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review `particle partitioning entanglement' for itinerant many-particle systems. This is defined as the entanglement between two subsets of particles making up the system. We identify generic features and mechanisms of particle entanglement that are valid over whole classes of itinerant quantum systems. We formulate the general structure of particle entanglement in many-fermion ground states, analogous to the `area law' for the more usually studied entanglement between spatial regions. Basic properties of particle entanglement are first elucidated by considering relatively simple itinerant models. We then review particle-partitioning entanglement in quantum states with more intricate physics, such as anyonic models and quantum Hall states.
description: review, about 20 pages. Version 2 has minor revisions.
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ОСЛОЖНЕНИЙ ПОСЛЕ ОПЕРАЦИИ ПО УДАЛЕНИЮ РАДИКУЛЯРНОЙ КИСТЫ
Creators: name: Абдуллаева, Паризода
name: Илхомжонова, Севара
name: Ахмедов, Дилшод
name: Абдуллаев, Темурбек
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: на сегодняшний день по распространенности среди доброкачественных опухолей и других образований челюстей кисты занимают первое место. Радикулярная киста представляет собой полостное образование, заполненное жидкостью и имеющее оболочку. В челюстно-лицевой хирургии и хирургической стоматологии операция по удалению кисты является одним из самых распространенных хирургических вмешательств. В структуре стоматологических заболеваний пациенты с одонтогенными кистами и кистоподобными доброкачественными образованиями занимают определенное место, и их количество не имеет тенденции к снижению.
Finite-time future singularities in modified Gauss-Bonnet and $\mathcal{F}(R,G)$ gravity and singularity avoidance
Creators: name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
name: Sebastiani, Lorenzo
name: Zerbini, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study all four types of finite-time future singularities emerging in late-time accelerating (effective quintessence/phantom) era from $\mathcal{F}(R,G)$-gravity, where $R$ and $G$ are the Ricci scalar and the Gauss-Bonnet invariant, respectively. As an explicit example of $\mathcal{F}(R,G)$-gravity, we also investigate modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity, so-called $F(G)$-gravity. In particular, we reconstruct the $F(G)$-gravity and $\mathcal{F}(R,G)$-gravity models where accelerating cosmologies realizing the finite-time future singularities emerge. Furthermore, we discuss a possible way to cure the finite-time future singularities in $F(G)$-gravity and $\mathcal{F}(R,G)$-gravity by taking into account higher-order curvature corrections. The example of non-singular realistic modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity is presented. It turns out that adding such non-singular modified gravity to singular Dark Energy makes the combined theory to be non-singular one as well.
description: 35 pages, no figure, published version, references added
Non-equilibrium dynamics of stochastic point processes with refractoriness
Creators: name: Deger, Moritz
name: Helias, Moritz
name: Cardanobile, Stefano
name: Atay, Fatihcan M.
name: Rotter, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60G55

description: Stochastic point processes with refractoriness appear frequently in the quantitative analysis of physical and biological systems, such as the generation of action potentials by nerve cells, the release and reuptake of vesicles at a synapse, and the counting of particles by detector devices. Here we present an extension of renewal theory to describe ensembles of point processes with time varying input. This is made possible by a representation in terms of occupation numbers of two states: Active and refractory. The dynamics of these occupation numbers follows a distributed delay differential equation. In particular, our theory enables us to uncover the effect of refractoriness on the time-dependent rate of an ensemble of encoding point processes in response to modulation of the input. We present exact solutions that demonstrate generic features, such as stochastic transients and oscillations in the step response as well as resonances, phase jumps and frequency doubling in the transfer of periodic signals. We show that a large class of renewal processes can indeed be regarded as special cases of the model we analyze. Hence our approach represents a widely applicable framework to define and analyze non-stationary renewal processes.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures