cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Upstream Methods for Enhancing Engineered Curcumin Biosynthesis
Creators: name: Barton, Caleb D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Curcumin is a bright orange compound with myriad applications for human health and wellness. Curcumin occurs naturally in the plant Curcuma longa (commonly known as turmeric) but must be extracted from the roots in an environmentally unfriendly fashion to obtain commercially relevant amounts of the compound. In addition, extraction of curcumin from turmeric spice yields a mixture of various curcuminoids, presenting an issue for isolating it in its pure form and complicating its use in clinical settings.
Heterologous biosynthetic production of curcumin in Escherichia coli has been used extensively as a viable alternative to plant extraction but suffers from poor yield. This thesis describes the application of various upstream biological engineering methods for enhancing the production of curcumin in an engineered E. coli platform. Among these, the enzyme combination for achieving curcumin biosynthesis is optimized, including the use of bacterial and plant enzymes for improving the overall yield. Since curcumin is mainly produced as an intracellular metabolite with cytotoxic effects on the production host, the use of a handful of transferases that can improve curcumin water solubility is also explored to improve excretion from the cell.
These approaches led to the establishment of an efficient curcumin biosynthetic pathway, the identification of several feruloyl-CoA synthases (FCSs) that may be used in place of 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL), and methods for improving curcumin excretion from the cell together with more bioavailable curcumin derivatives. We also discuss the use of a bacterial long-chain fatty acid-CoA ligase for the efficient production of a curcuminoid known as dicinnamoylmethane.
title: Aging Bison Teeth with a GIS: A New Tooth Age Prediction Methodology and Its Archaeological and Ecological Implications
Creators: name: Owens, Andrew Edward
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Archaeologists use teeth to estimate the age an animal died based on tooth eruption, growth, and wear. Animal age estimations then inform archaeologists about when and why archaeological sites were occupied. However, to date, no concise and repeatable practice exists to age estimate teeth. Therefore, we propose a new tooth age estimation methodology, in this case using bison teeth. The new tooth aging method uses GIS mapping software to draw tooth surfaces and then calculate tooth surface areas of known-age bison teeth. Then, this known-age tooth sample is used to derive algebraic equations that can estimate the age of prehistoric specimens. To test our age prediction models, we use the well-known Folsom, New Mexico bison tooth assemblage. Overall, the new method provides statistical insights to how often Folsom may have been occupied and which type of hunting behavior appears to have occurred. Most importantly, the new model has the potential to provide a wealth of information about past bison hunting behaviors and may greatly improve our understanding of prehistory.
Uncaria tomentosa extract: evaluation of effects on the in vitro and in vivo labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m
Creators: name: Bernardo-Filho, Mário
name: Olej, Beni
name: Caldas, Luiz Querino de Araújo
name: Arnobio, Adriano
name: Rocha, Emely Kazan
name: Moreno, Silvana Ramos Farias
name: Honeycut, Hayden
name: Nascimento, Ana Lúcia
name: Carvalho, Jorge José de
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The influence (in vivo and in vitro) of an Uncaria tomentosa extract (Cats claw) on the labeling of red blood cells (RBCs) and plasma and cellular proteins with technetium-99m (Tc-99m) was evaluated. For the in vivo treatment, animals were treated with Cats claw. For the in vitro treatment, heparinized blood was incubated with Cats claw before the addition of stannous chloride (SnCl2) and Tc-99m. Samples of plasma (P) and RBCs were separated and also precipitated with trichloroacetic acid. The soluble and insoluble fractions of P and RBCs were isolated. The analysis of the results of the in vivo study, indicates that there is no significant alteration on the uptake of Tc-99m by the blood constituents, but it significantly decrease (p<0.05) the labeling of blood constituents by in vitro methods. These effects could be due to chelation of stannous and /or pertechnetate ions and blockage of the Tc-99m bindings sites.
ESSAYS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH: TECHNICAL PROGRESS, POPULATION DYNAMICS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: MARSIGLIO, SIMONE
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2011

description: This thesis analyzes economic growth and how this is related to diff erent issues, namely technical progress, population change and environment. It studies each of these issues in a separate paper. The choice of these issues has been driven by their growing importance in the analysis of the development process of modern economies. Technological progress, jointly with the accumulation of human capital, is one of the most relevant causes of the consistent growth showed in the last century by industrialized countries; therefore, it is important to understand what are its features in order to promote further technical improvements. Demographic growth has dramatically changed during and after the transition from stagnation (before the industrial revolution) to growth (after that): fertility and mortality rates have dropped and many economies now show a rate of population growth just over the replacement one; studying the implications of population change for economic growth can be really important in order to understand whether population policies can be necessary or not for the economy. The environment is an important source of welfare services to people and just in the last decades such a fact has been widely recognized: this is due to the fact that as the economy reaches a certain level of development, its agents feel the importance of some aspects which in a previous phase they did not care about; human activity is the main source of environment degradation and an increasing need for the policy makers to understand how regulating it has arisen. As it may be clear, these topics are crucially interrelated: population growth a ffects technical progress (through the number of researchers employed in R&D activity) and the environment (through the necessity of satisfying the needs of a larger population, in terms of consumption demand and waste production), while technical progress a ffects the environment (switching from polluting to clean technologies such an e ffect can crucially change).
(3606) Robert Eric Loder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Using the Reshetikhin-Turaev Link Invariant Approach with Non-Semisimple Categories
Creators: name: Robertson, Adam
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Invariants of knots and links are useful because they give rise to invariants of 3-manifolds. In particular, combinatorial link invariants give rise to combinatorial invariants of 3-manifolds, which are hard to come by using traditional methods from classical topology. The Reshetikhin–Turaev approach, which is based in quantum topology, develops link invariants using semisimple ribbon categories. However, a large class of algebraically interesting ribbon categories are non-semisimple and so give trivial link invariants via the Reshetikhin–Turaev method. We modify the Reshetikhin–Turaev method to make it suitable for non-semisimple ribbon categories. We discuss explicitly the following three examples: semisimple modules for the abelian quantum group, non-semisimple modules for Uq(gl(1|1)), and non-semisimple modules for the unrolled quantum group of sl2(C).
The free path in a high velocity random flight process associated to a Lorentz gas in an external field
Creators: name: Hening, Alexandru
name: Rizzolo, Douglas
name: Wayman, Eric S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60F17, Secondary 60J60, 82C70

description: We investigate the asymptotic behavior of the free path of a variable density random flight model in an external field as the initial velocity of the particle goes to infinity. The random flight models we study arise naturally as the Boltzmann-Grad limit of a random Lorentz gas in the presence of an external field. By analyzing the time duration of the free path, we obtain exact forms for the asymptotic mean and variance of the free path in terms of the external field and the density of scatterers. As a consequence, we obtain a diffusion approximation for the joint process of the particle observed at reflection times and the amount of time spent in free flight.
description: 30 pages
Методологія економічних вимірювань ринкової вартості майнових прав на недобудовані об’єкти житлової нерухомості/Поздняков Ю, Брітченко І, Гринів Н., Наконечна Т.//Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice, No 4 (45), 2022. – P. 133-152.
Creators: name: Britchenko, Igor
name: Поздняков, Юрій
name: Гринів, Наталія
name: Наконечна, Таїсія
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Робота відноситься до галузі економічних вимірювань вартості майнових прав та права їх вимоги, що виконуються методами незалежної експертної оцінки. Розгля-даються методологічні підстави та аналіз законодавчо-нормативної бази вико-нання економічних вимірювань вартості майнових прав на квартири в будинках, не завершених будівництвом. Метою статті є розгляд методики незалежної оцінки майнових прав на недобудовані об’єкти житлової нерухомості; аналіз теоретичних засад, алгоритмів і методик установлення вартості права вимоги передачі цих май-нових прав; виклад алгоритму методики та прикладу її апробації. Кінцевою метою дослідження є опрацювання та формулювання практичних рекомендацій, спрямо-ваних на збільшення точності й зменшення ступеня невизначеності результатів оцінювальних робіт.Зазначено, що вимоги до здійснення економічних вимірювань таких нематеріаль-них активів у чинних національних стандартах оцінки (НСО) України викладено в дуже обмеженому обсязі, і це може викликати труднощі при виборі та обґрунту-ванні методичних підходів і оцінювальних процедур. Виконано огляд методів оці-нки нематеріальних активів; проаналізовано можливості їх застосування для вста-новлення вартості права вимоги передачі покупцеві майнових прав на квартири в будинках, не завершених будівництвом, при їх продажу (відступленні права ви-моги) на довільній стадії готовності будинку. Запропоновано методику визначення цієї вартості на основі застосування порівняльного підходу, з об’єктивним розраху-нковим коригуванням на відсоток готовності будинку. Досліджено математичні за-сади методики кількісного визначення вартості права вимоги досліджуваних нема-теріальних активів, що базуються на основі класичного порівняльного підходу з наступною статистичною обробкою отриманого ряду результатів ринкової інфор-мації. Описано алгоритм визначення залежності вартості майнових прав від відсо-тка будівельної готовності будинку. Показано, що запропоновану математичну мо-дель можна розглядати як основу для встановлення вартості об’єкта оцінки, що відтворює вимірюване значення цієї вартості з певним статистичним розсіюванням поодиноких оцінок у серії спостережень. Зроблено висновок про доцільність пере-важного застосування нелінійного кореляційно-регресійного аналізу при виконанні економічних вимірювань вартості майнових прав на об’єкти житлової нерухомості в будинках, не завершених будівництвом. Сформульовано перспективні напрями подальших досліджень у цій галузі виконання економічних вимірювань.
Receptor localization of steroid hormones and drugs: discoveries through the use of thaw-mount and dry-mount autoradiography
Creators: name: Strumpf, W.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Abstract The history of receptor autoradiography, its development and applications, testify to the utility of this histochemical technique for localizing radiolabeled hormones and drugs at cellular and subcellular sites of action in intact tissues. Localization of diffusible compounds has been a challenge that was met through the introduction of the" thaw-mount" and "dry-mount" autoradiographic techniques thirty years ago. With this cellular receptor autoradiography, used alone or combined with other histochemical techniques, sites of specific binding and deposition in vivo and in vitro have been characterized. Numerous discoveries, some reviewed in this article, provided information that led to new concepts and opened new areas of research. As an example, in recent years more than fifty target tissues for vitamin D have been specified, challenging the conventional view about the main biological role of vitamin D. The functions of most of these vitamin D target tissues are unrelated to the regulation of systemic calcium homeostasis, but pertain to the (seasonal) regulation of endo- and exocrine secretion, cell proliferation, reproduction, neural, immune and cardiovascular responses, and adaptation to stress. Receptor autoradiography with cellular resolution has become an indispensable tool in drug research and development, since information can be obtained that is difficult or impossible to gain otherwise.33. Stumpf WE & Sar M (1975). Localization of thyroid hormone in the mature rat brain and pituitary. In: Stumpf WE & Grant LD (Editors), Anatomical Neuroendocrinology. S. Karger, Basel, 318-327. [ Links ]54. Muenz H, Stumpf WE & Jennes L (1981). LHRH-Systems in the brain of platyfish. Brain Research, 221: 1-13. [ Links ]
Some asymptotic results for the integrated empirical process with applications to statistical tests
Creators: name: Alvarez-Andrade, Sergio
name: Bouzebda, Salim
name: Lachal, Aimé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 62G30, 62G20, 60F17, Secondary: 62F03, 62F12, 60F15

description: The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the strong approximation of the integrated empirical process. More precisely, we obtain the exact rate of the approximations by a sequence of weighted Brownian bridges and a weighted Kiefer process. Our arguments are based in part on the Komlós, Major and Tusnády's results. Applications include the two-sample testing procedures together with the change-point problems. We also consider the strong approximation of the integrated empirical process when the parameters are estimated. Finally, we study the behavior of the self-intersection local time of the partial sum process representation of the integrated empirical process. Reference: Komlós, J., Major, P. and Tusnády, G. (1975). An approximation of partial sums of independent RV's and the sample DF. I. Z. Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie und Verw. Gebiete, 32, 111-131.
description: 28 pages
OPTIMIZATION OF ENTREPRENEURIAL SUPPORT IN THE MAGHREB: THE CASE OF MOROCCO IN THE FACE OF REGIONAL CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
Creators: name: KHADIJA AAMARA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: L'accompagnement entrepreneurial au Maghreb, et particulièrement au Maroc, joue un rôle crucial dans le développement des capacités d'innovation des entrepreneurs. Cet article examine comment la qualité de cet accompagnement, modérée par l'accès aux financements, influence la capacité des entrepreneurs marocains à innover. À travers une analyse comparative des mécanismes d'accompagnement au Maroc et dans les pays voisins, l'étude met en lumière les défis et les opportunités pour optimiser ces services en vue de renforcer l'innovation entrepreneuriale dans la région.
Selection of the optimal Box-Cox transformation parameter for modelling and forecasting age-specific fertility
Creators: name: Shang, Han Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3
subject: 91D20

description: The Box-Cox transformation can sometimes yield noticeable improvements in model simplicity, variance homogeneity and precision of estimation, such as in modelling and forecasting age-specific fertility. Despite its importance, there have been few studies focusing on the optimal selection of Box-Cox transformation parameters in demographic forecasting. A simple method is proposed for selecting the optimal Box-Cox transformation parameter, along with an algorithm based on an in-sample forecast error measure. Illustrated by Australian age-specific fertility, the out-of-sample accuracy of a forecasting method can be improved with the selected Box-Cox transformation parameter. Furthermore, the log transformation is not adequate for modelling and forecasting age-specific fertility. The Box-Cox transformation parameter should be embedded in statistical analysis of age-specific demographic data, in order to fully capture forecast uncertainties.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
title: Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Task Analysis Data Sheet Protocol in Training Educators to Use the You/Me Game During Direct Instruction Reading Groups
Creators: name: Niebergall, McKenzie
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Teachers often struggle with classroom management during academic lessons. Self-adapted efforts to improve classroom management are often not founded on researched behavioral principles. These struggles and efforts impact student behavioral and academic outcomes. The You/Me game is a game included in many Direct Instruction curricula, specially sequenced curricula that encourage positive classroom management and the gaining of academic skills, as a means to reward students for correct academic performance. This study examined the effectiveness of providing a sheet of specific written instructions and allowing for clarifying questions in training four general educators to implement the You/Me Game for classroom management during small group reading lessons run using Direct Instruction curriculum. The effects of game implementation were assessed by examining the frequency of student disruptions, academic opportunities to respond provided by the teacher, the percentage of correct student responses to academic opportunities to respond, and the rate of behavioral redirections. Results provide information related to the effects of a simple, low cost means for training educators to implement a classroom management strategy that has the potential to impact student academic and behavioral outcomes.
(3609) Veronica Lambart
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A brain microdialysis study on 5-HT release in freely moving rat lines selectively bred for differential 5-HT1A receptor function
Creators: name: Parada, M.A.
name: Overstreet, D.H.
name: Hernandez, L.
name: Gonzalez, L.E.
name: Tucci, S.
name: Teneud, L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Breeding for high and low hypothermic responses to systemic administration of a serotonin1A (5-HT1A) receptor agonist (8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin, 8-OH-DPAT) has resulted in high DPAT-sensitive (HDS) and low DPAT-sensitive (LDS) lines of rats, respectively. These lines also differ in several behavioral measures associated with stress. In the present microdialysis study we observed that basal 5-HT concentrations in the prefrontal cortex and dorsal hippocampus did not differ significantly between HDS and LDS rats. Thus, behavioral differences between the HDS and LDS lines might not be attributed to differences in basal 5-HT release. However, both lines had lower basal levels of 5-HT release than their randomly bred control group (random DPAT-sensitive, RDS) in the prefrontal cortex (mean +/- SEM, pg/20 microl, was 3.0 +/- 0.4 for LDS, 3.8 +/- 0.3 for HDS and 6.4 +/- 0.6 for RDS; F(2,59) = 5.8, P<0.005). The administration of (+/-)-fenfluramine (10 mg/kg) induced a greater increase in hippocampal 5-HT levels in HDS rats (500%) as compared with LDS (248%) or RDS (243%) rats (P<0.0001). There were no significant differences in the prefrontal cortex among lines, with a fenfluramine-induced 5-HT increase of about 900% in the three groups. This differential response to fenfluramine may be due to functional alterations of hippocampal 5-HT reuptake sites in the HDS line.
Ethnicity and glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1/GSTT1) polymorphisms in a Brazilian population
Creators: name: Kato, M.
name: Rego, M.A.V.
name: Gomes, L.
name: Siraque, M.S.
name: Gattás, G.J.F.
name: Kohler, P.
name: Soares-Vieira, J.A.
name: Bydlowski, S.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The distribution of polymorphisms related to glutathione S-transferases (GST) has been described in different populations, mainly for white individuals. We evaluated the distribution of GST mu (GSTM1) and theta (GSTT1) genotypes in 594 individuals, by multiplex PCR-based methods, using amplification of the exon 7 of CYP1A1 gene as an internal control. In São Paulo, 233 whites, 87 mulattos, and 137 blacks, all healthy blood-donor volunteers, were tested. In Bahia, where black and mulatto populations are more numerous, 137 subjects were evaluated. The frequency of the GSTM1 null genotype was significantly higher among whites (55.4%) than among mulattos (41.4%; P = 0.03) and blacks (32.8%; P < 0.0001) from São Paulo, or Bahian subjects in general (35.7%; P = 0.0003). There was no statistically different distribution among any non-white groups. The distribution of GSTT1 null genotype among groups did not differ significantly. The agreement between self-reported and interviewer classification of skin color in the Bahian group was low. The interviewer classification indicated a gradient of distribution of the GSTM1 null genotype from whites (55.6%) to light mulattos (40.4%), dark mulattos (32.0%) and blacks (28.6%). However, any information about race or ethnicity should be considered with caution regarding the bias introduced by different data collection techniques, specially in countries where racial admixture is intense, and ethnic definition boundaries are loose. Because homozygous deletions of GST gene might be associated with cancer risk, a better understanding of chemical metabolizing gene distribution can contribute to risk assessment of humans exposed to environmental carcinogens.
(3605) Gladys Maxwell Roman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Functional relationship between NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic current duration and Hebbian learning
Creators: name: Posina, Venkata Rayudu
name: Gaudiano, P.
name: Ramasubramanian, S.
name: Natarajan, S.
name: Lipton, S. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Excitatory postsynaptic current
Long-term potentiation
Metaplasticity
Calcium
Glutamate

description: N-methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated Hebbian learning is related to NMDA excitatory postsynaptic current (epsc) duration via calcium-threshold for the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP). Decreasing epsc duration decreases total calcium influx and hence makes it harder to elicit LTP. This model explains developmental decrease in susceptibility to LTP with decreases in epsc duration, and genetic enhancement of learning by overexpressing NR2B, which increased epsc duration. However there are additional data that do not fit in this threshold model. NR2A knockout mice have reduced LTP and learning in spite of the fact that the lack of NR2A subunit increases epsc decay time. Furthermore, aged dementia patients undergoing treatment with memantine, which decreases NMDA epsc duration, showed improvement in learning and memory. In an effort to resolve these inconsistencies, we formulated a model of NMDA receptor-mediated temporal correlation learning. Assuming temporal coincidence of epscs is the physiological basis of associative learning we obtained an expression for learning in terms of NMDA epsc duration. We find that learning is an inverted-U function of NMDA epsc duration. Optimal epsc duration is ~250 msec, which gives maximal LTP of 200%.
title: Contributions to Random Forest Variable Importance with Applications in R
Creators: name: Bladen, Kelvyn K.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: A major focus in statistics is building and improving computational algorithms that can use data to predict a response. Two fundamental camps of research arise from such a goal. The first camp is researching ways to get more accurate predictions. Many sophisticated methods, collectively known as machine learning methods, have been developed for this very purpose. One such method that is widely used across industry and many other areas of investigation is called Random Forests.
The second camp of research is that of improving the interpretability of machine learning methods. This is worthy of attention when analysts desire to optimize current systems or processes so that superior response values may be obtained. It also matters if analysts wish to characterize how variables relate to one another and which associations between the response and predictor variables are strongest. Variable importance measures are one powerful tool that has been developed to help meet these objectives. The focus of my research is the widely used permutation variable importance algorithm that is part of Random Forests.
Statisticians have found that models can be tuned to improve predictive accuracy. However, comparatively little research is available regarding how these same adjustments impact the interpretability of the models, and any meaningful information that is available on this subject is not widely considered by analysts when fitting models. My thesis explores how a model ought to be adjusted to obtain superior variable importance information. My research has led me to build a software package that provides model developers with better tools and graphics for evaluating variable associations and for comparing importance values and prediction accuracies across different models. Ultimately, I hope to provide analysts with insights and tools to build better Random Forests for predictive accuracy and for assessing and interpretating the importance of variables for prediction.
Effect of oral ingestion of an extract of the herb Uncaria tomentosa on the biodistribution of sodium pertechnetate in rats
Creators: name: Caldas, L.Q.A.
name: Honeycut, H.
name: Diré, G.
name: Arnobio, A.
name: Bernardo-Filho, M.
name: Moreno, S.R.F.
name: Silva, A.L.C.
name: Oliveira-Timóteo, M.
name: Rocha, E.K.
name: Olej, B.
name: Pereira, M.
name: Carvalho, J.J.
name: Nascimento, A.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of the oral ingestion of an extract of the herb Uncaria tomentosa (cat's claw) on the biodistribution of the radiobiocomplex sodium pertechnetate (Na99mTcO4) in rats. The animals (male Wistar rats, 2 months old, 180-220 g), were treated (1 mL) with an U. tomentosa extract (32 mg/mL, N = 5) or 0.9% NaCl solution (control, N = 5) for 7 days. After this period, Na99mTcO4 (3.7 MBq, 0.3 mL) was injected through the ocular plexus and after 10 min the rats were killed, the organs isolated and counted in a well-gamma counter. A significant (P < 0.05) alteration in Na99mTcO4 uptake i) from 0.57 +/- 0.008 to 0.39 +/- 0.06 %ATI/organ (P < 0.05) and from 0.57 +/- 0.17 to 0.39 +/- 0.14 %ATI/g (P < 0.05) was observed in the heart, ii) from 0.07 +/- 0.02 to 0.19 +/- 0.07 %ATI/g in the pancreas, and iii) from 0.07 +/- 0.01 to 0.18 +/- 0.07 %ATI/g (P < 0.05) in muscle after treatment with this extract. Although these results were obtained with animals, caution is advisable in the interpretation of the nuclear medicine examination when the patient is using this herb. This finding is probably an example of drug interaction with a radiopharmaceutical, a fact that could lead to misdiagnosis of the examination in clinical practice with unexpected consequences for the patient.
Effect of exercise on the caloric intake of breast cancer patients undergoing treatment
Creators: name: Mihalik, J.P.
name: Hairston, L.S.
name: Petschauer, M.A.
name: Battaglini, C.L.
name: Shields, E.W.
name: Bottaro, M.
name: Dennehy, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an exercise intervention on the total caloric intake (TCI) of breast cancer patients undergoing treatment. A secondary purpose was to determine whether or not a relationship existed between changes in TCI, body fat composition (%BF), and fatigue during the study, which lasted 6 months. Twenty females recently diagnosed with breast cancer, scheduled to undergo chemotherapy or radiation, were assigned randomly to an experimental (N = 10) or control group (N = 10). Outcome measures included TCI (3-day food diary), %BF (skinfolds), and fatigue (revised Piper Fatigue Scale). Each exercise session was conducted as follows: initial cardiovascular activity (6-12 min), followed by stretching (5-10 min), resistance training (15-30 min), and a cool-down (approximately 8 min). Significant changes in TCI were observed among groups (F1,18 = 8.582; P = 0.009), at treatments 2 and 3, and at the end of the study [experimental (1973 +/- 419), control (1488 +/- 418); experimental (1946 +/- 437), control (1436 +/- 429); experimental (2315 +/- 455), control (1474 +/- 294), respectively]. A significant negative correlation was found (Spearman rho(18) = -0.759; P < 0.001) between TCI and %BF and between TCI and fatigue levels (Spearman rho(18) = -0.541; P = 0.014) at the end of the study. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that an exercise intervention administered to breast cancer patients undergoing medical treatment may assist in the mitigation of some treatment side effects, including decreased TCI, increased fatigue, and negative changes in body composition.
title: Die Bedeutung von Safe Spaces und Angsträumen am Beispiel homosexueller Männer in Wien
Creators: name: Schneeweiss, Andreas
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich dem Sicherheitsempfinden von homosexuellen Männern im (halb)öffentlichen Raum Wiens. Sie beschäftigt sich mit der Bedeutung von Safe Spaces und Angsträumen für marginalisierte Gruppen und ist daher in der Sozialraumforschung einzuordnen. Die Ergebnisse der durchgeführten Umfrage ergaben, dass der (halb)öffentliche Raum Wiens von den befragten homosexuellen Männern als überwiegend sicher eingestuft wird und Diskriminierungserfahrungen aufgrund der sexuellen Orientierung nur selten erlebt werden. Mehr als die Hälfte der Befragten gab allerdings an, ihr Verhalten und Erscheinungsbild im (halb)öffentlichen Raum bewusst zu manipulieren, um Diskriminierung und Anfeindung zu vermeiden. Als sicherheitsstiftend werden die Gesellschaft anderer queerer Personen, die Sichtbarkeit von LGBTIQ+ Symbolen wie Regenbogenflaggen und explizite Symbole der Sicherheitsproduktion wie etwa Polizeipräsenz erlebt. Als verunsichernd werden vor allem Orte mit hoher Migrationsdichte empfunden. Die Bezirke innerhalb des Gürtels werden von den Befragten alle überwiegend als Safe Space bewertet, die Bezirke Favoriten, Rudolfsheim-Fünfhaus, Simmering und Ottakring werden hingegen überwiegend als Angstraum empfunden. Es konnten keine Segregationstendenzen entlang von als Safe Space oder Angstraum empfundenen Bezirken festgestellt werden. Clubkultur und virtuelle Räume, wie etwa Social Media und speziell designte Applikationen für homosexuelle Männer, sind Safe Spaces von besonders hoher Bedeutung für die Befragten.
The Bayesian Second Law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Bartolotta, Anthony
name: Carroll, Sean M.
name: Leichenauer, Stefan
name: Pollack, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a generalization of the Second Law of Thermodynamics that uses Bayesian updates to explicitly incorporate the effects of a measurement of a system at some point in its evolution. By allowing an experimenter's knowledge to be updated by the measurement process, this formulation resolves a tension between the fact that the entropy of a statistical system can sometimes fluctuate downward and the information-theoretic idea that knowledge of a stochastically-evolving system degrades over time. The Bayesian Second Law can be written as $ΔH(ρ_m, ρ) + \langle \mathcal{Q}\rangle_{F|m}\geq 0$, where $ΔH(ρ_m, ρ)$ is the change in the cross entropy between the original phase-space probability distribution $ρ$ and the measurement-updated distribution $ρ_m$, and $\langle \mathcal{Q}\rangle_{F|m}$ is the expectation value of a generalized heat flow out of the system. We also derive refined versions of the Second Law that bound the entropy increase from below by a non-negative number, as well as Bayesian versions of the Jarzynski equality. We demonstrate the formalism using simple analytical and numerical examples.
description: 40 pages. Additional information and animations at http://preposterousuniverse.com/research/bsl/
(3601) Katharine Constance Ayres
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Rayleigh-Taylor instability under an inclined plane
Creators: name: Brun, P. -T
name: Damiano, Adam
name: Rieu, Pierre
name: Balestra, Gioele
name: Gallaire, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the canonical Rayleigh-Taylor instability and investigate the case of a thin film of fluid upon the underside of an inclined plane. The presence of a natural flow along the plane competes with the conventional droplet forming instability. In particular, experiments reveal that no drops form for inclinations greater than a critical value. These features are rationalized in the context of the absolute/convective analysis conducted in this article.
On the Validity of the Name teyahalee as Applied to a Member of the Plethodon glutinosus Complex (Caudata: Plethodontidae): A New Name
Creators: name: Hairston, Sr., Nelson G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: The name Plethodon teyahalee (Hairston) cannot be applied to the member of the P. glutinosus complex as designated by Highton (1983). Biochemical data show that the population from which the type of teyahelee was taken consists of hybrids between local populations representing the P. jordani and P. glutinosus complexes, and thus cannot be applied to a member of either of those two species under Article 23(h) of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1985). A new name, P lethodon oconaluftee, is proposed, and a new type is designated.
Classification of Collective Modes in a Charge Density Wave by Momentum-Dependent Modulation of the Electronic Band Structure
Creators: name: Leuenberger, D.
name: Sobota, J. A.
name: Yang, S. -L.
name: Kemper, A. F.
name: Giraldo-Gallo, P.
name: Moore, R. G.
name: Fisher, I. R.
name: Kirchmann, P. S.
name: Devereaux, T. P.
name: Shen, Z. -X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements on the charge density wave system CeTe$_{3}$. Optical excitation transiently populates the unoccupied band structure and reveals a gap size of 2$Δ$ = 0.59 eV. The occupied Te-5p band dispersion is coherently modified by three modes at $Ω_{1}$ = 2.2 THz, $Ω_{2}$ = 2.7 THz and $Ω_{3}$ = 3 THz. All three modes lead to small rigid energy shifts whereas $Δ$ is only affected by $Ω_{1}$ and $Ω_{2}$. Their spatial polarization is analyzed by fits of a transient model dispersion and DFT frozen phonon calculations. We conclude that the modes $Ω_{1}$ and $Ω_{2}$ result from in-plane ionic lattice motions, which modulate the charge order, and that $Ω_{3}$ originates from a generic out-of-plane $A_{1g}$ phonon. We thereby demonstrate how the rich information from trARPES allows identification of collective modes and their spatial polarization, which explains the mode-dependent coupling to charge order.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
General neck condition for the limit shape of budding vesicles
Creators: name: Yang, Pan
name: Du, Qiang
name: Tu, Z. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The shape equation and linking conditions for a vesicle with two-phase domains are derived. We refine the conjecture on the general neck condition for the limit shape of a budding vesicle proposed by Jülicher and Lipowsky [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{70}, 2964 (1993); Phys. Rev. E \textbf{53}, 2670 (1996)], and then we use the shape equation and linking conditions to prove that this conjecture holds not only for axisymmetric budding vesicles, but also for asymmetric ones. Our study reveals that the mean curvature at any point on the membrane segments adjacent to the neck satisfies the general neck condition for the limit shape of a budding vesicle when the length scale of the membrane segments is much larger than the characteristic size of the neck but still much smaller than the characteristic size of the vesicle.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
title: The Working Man's Rendezvous
Creators: name: Williams, Tameron Gentry Raines
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: The mountain men—fur traders of the Rocky Mountain trade between 1822-1840—are prominent in the history of the American West. Their adventures and exploits have been told and retold as their legend grew as did the myth surrounding their lives. This thesis seeks to dismantle that myth through focused study on the conditions of fur trapping work, the interactions between mountain men and Indigenous tribes of the region, and the role of lesser-known Black fur trappers.
In vivo blockade of pemphigus vulgaris acantholysis by inhibition of intracellular signal transduction cascades
Creators: name: Lopez Moratalla, N.
name: Rubenstein, D.S.
name: Diaz, L.A.
name: Pelacho, B.
name: Sanchez-Carpintero, I.
name: Espana, A.
name: Lopez-Zabalza, M.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: BACKGROUND: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune disease characterized by mucocutaneous intraepithelial blisters and pathogenic autoantibodies against desmoglein 3. The mechanism of blister formation in pemphigus has not been defined; however, in vitro data suggest a role for activation of intracellular signalling cascades. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the contribution of these signalling pathways to the mechanism of PV IgG-induced acantholysis in vivo.  METHODS: We used the passive transfer mouse model. Mice were injected with IgG fractions of sera from a patient with PV, with or without pretreatment with inhibitors of proteins that mediate intracellular signalling cascades. RESULTS: Inhibitors of tyrosine kinases, phospholipase C, calmodulin and the serine/threonine kinase protein kinase C prevented PV IgG-induced acantholysis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: These observations strongly support the role of intracellular signalling cascades in the molecular mechanism of PV IgG-induced acantholysis.
Supplementary document for Bayesian Neuromorphic Imaging for Single-Photon LiDAR - 7060950.pdf
Creators: name: Yao, Dan
name: Mora, German
name: Gyongy, Istvan
name: Scholes, Stirling
name: Leach, Jonathan
name: McLaughlin, Stephen
name: Altmann, Yoann
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Optical Physics not elsewhere classified

description: Algorithm derivation
title: Urbane Klimaresilienz - Stadtentwicklung in der Klimakrise
Creators: name: Haberfellner, Julia
Year: 2021

description: Urbane Klimaresilienz ist ein vielversprechendes Konzept für Städte, um sich bestmöglich vor den Folgen der Klimakrise zu schützen. Aktuell werden die Vor- und Nachteile von resilienten Städten als Klimawandelbewältigungsstrategie ausführlich im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs der Stadtforschung diskutiert. Was bisher fehlt, ist die Brücke zur Stadtentwicklungspraxis. Obwohl der Begriff bereits vielfach auf der Policy Ebene verankert wird, bleibt dieser für AkteurInnen in der Praxis häufig vage. Konzepte, die die Verwendung von Resilienz als Stadtentwicklungsinstrument leicht verständlich anleiten, gibt es wenige. Diese Arbeit soll einen Beitrag leisten, um diese Forschungslücke zu füllen. Zuerst wird der theoretische Hintergrund aufgearbeitet. Danach werden ausgewählte anwendungsorientierte Konzeptionalisierungen von städtischer Klimaresilienz diskutiert. Im Empirieteil folgt die Anwendung eines Frameworks zur Analyse von Urbaner Klimaresilienz anhand einer Case Study. Das Untersuchungsgebiet ist die Kleinstadt Baden bei Wien.
(3602) Dennis Crosse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Kissing loop interaction in adenine riboswitch: insights from umbrella sampling simulations
Creators: name: Di Palma, Francesco
name: Bottaro, Sandro
name: Bussi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Riboswitches are cis-acting regulatory RNA elements prevalently located in the leader sequences of bacterial mRNA. An adenine sensing riboswitch cis-regulates adeninosine deaminase gene (add) in Vibrio vulnificus. The structural mechanism regulating its conformational changes upon ligand binding mostly remains to be elucidated. In this open framework it has been suggested that the ligand stabilizes the interaction of the distal "kissing loop" complex. Using accurate full-atom molecular dynamics with explicit solvent in combination with enhanced sampling techniques and advanced analysis methods it could be possible to provide a more detailed perspective on the formation of these tertiary contacts. In this work, we used umbrella sampling simulations to study the thermodynamics of the kissing loop complex in the presence and in the absence of the cognate ligand. We enforced the breaking/formation of the loop-loop interaction restraining the distance between the two loops. We also assessed the convergence of the results by using two alternative initialization protocols. A structural analysis was performed using a novel approach to analyze base contacts. Our simulations qualitatively indicated that the ligand could stabilize the kissing loop complex. We also compared with previously published simulation studies. Kissing complex stabilization given by the ligand was compatible with available experimental data. However, the dependence of its value on the initialization protocol of the umbrella sampling simulations posed some questions on the quantitative interpretation of the results and called for better converged enhanced sampling simulations.
description: Accepted for publication on BMC Bioinformatics