cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Software-Defined Networks for Future Networks and Services: Main Technical Challenges and Business Implications
Creators: Antonio Manzalini
Roberto Saracco
Cagatay Buyukkoc
Prosper Chemouil
Slawomir Kuklinski
Andreas Gladisch
Masaki Fukui
Eliezer Dekel
David Soldani
Mehmet Ulema
Walter Cerroni
Giovanni Schembra
Carmen Mas Machuca
Alex Galis
Julius Mueller
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2014

White Paper based on the IEEE Workshop SDN4FNS (Trento 11th - 13th November, 2013)
Abstract - In 2013, the IEEE Future Directions Committee (FDC) formed an SDN work group to explore the amount of interest in forming an IEEE Software-Defined Network (SDN) Community. To this end, a Workshop on "SDN for Future Networks and Services" (SDN4FNS'13) was organized in Trento, Italy (Nov. 11th-13th 2013). Following the results of the workshop, in this paper, we have further analyzed scenarios, prior-art, state of standardization, and further discussed the main technical challenges and socio-economic aspects of SDN and virtualization in future networks and services. A number of research and development directions have been identified in this white paper, along with a comprehensive analysis of the technical feasibility and business availability of those fundamental technologies. A radical industry transition towards the "economy of information through softwarization" is expected in the near future.
Highly ionized Fe X-ray lines at energies 7.7-8.6 keV
Creators: name: Phillips, K. J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fe XXV lines at 1.85 A (6.70 keV) and nearby Fe XXIV satellites have been widely used for determining the temperature of the hottest parts of solar flare and tokamak plasmas, though the spectral region is crowded and the lines are blended during flare impulsive stages. The aim of this work is to show that similarly excited Fe lines in the 7.7--8.6 keV (1.44--1.61 A) region have the same diagnostic capability with the advantage of not being so crowded. Spectra in the 7.7--8.6 keV range are synthesized using the CHIANTI spectral package for conditions (temperature, turbulent velocities) appropriate to solar flares. The calculated spectra show that the Fe lines in the 7.7--8.6 keV are well separated even when turbulent velocities are present, and Fe XXIV/Fe XXV line ratios should therefore provide valuable tools for diagnosing flares and tokamak plasmas. It is concluded that Fe lines in the 7.7--8.6 keV range are ideal for the measurement of flare temperature and for detecting the presence of low-energy nonthermal electrons present at flare impulsive stages. An indication of what type of instruments to observe this region is given.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Wägemann, Peter
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Computer systems organization → Real-time systems
subject: Theory of computation → Program analysis
subject: Software and its engineering → Software verification and validation
subject: Software and its engineering → Software safety
subject: Software and its engineering → Software performance

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: OASIcs, Vol. 114, 21th International Workshop on Worst-Case Execution Time Analysis (WCET 2023), pages 0:i-0:x
Quality-by-design approach for development and optimization of bupivacaine-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier in situ gel: In vitro, Ex vivo, and In vivo studies for enhanced periodontal anesthesia
Creators: name: Khan, Sarfaraz
name: Khan, Furquan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Periodontal anesthesia is essential for effective pain management during dental treatments, but achieving prolonged and efficient anesthesia remains a challenge. This study aimed to develop, and optimize bupivacaine (BUP)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) for periodontal anesthesia using a design of experiment approach, representing a novel strategy for sustained drug delivery in dental applications. BUP-loaded NLCs were prepared using the emulsion evaporation-solidification at low-temperature method, with formulation optimization conducted via a central composite design involving two factors (glyceryl monostearate and clove oil concentrations) and three levels. The impact of these factors on particle size, drug release, and % entrapment efficiency was systematically evaluated. The optimized formulation exhibited a particle size of 195 nm, drug release of 89.2%, and entrapment efficiency of 90.12%. Characterization studies using TEM, FTIR, DSC, and XRD confirmed the structural and chemical stability of the formulation. In vitro release studies demonstrated a sustained release profile, while ex vivo permeation studies indicated high drug permeation across buccal mucosa. The anesthetic efficacy was validated through tail flick tests, revealing an effect lasting up to 9 hours. Furthermore, BUP-NLC-loaded in situ gel showed significant potential for providing prolonged and effective surface anesthesia in periodontal pockets, offering a promising alternative for enhancing dental pain management.
On the Issue of the ζSeries Convergence and Loop Corrections in the Generation of Observable Primordial Non-Gaussianity in Slow-Roll Inflation. Part I: the Bispectrum
Creators: name: Cogollo, Heiner R. S.
name: Rodriguez, Yeinzon
name: Valenzuela-Toledo, Cesar A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show in this paper that it is possible to attain very high, {\it including observable}, values for the level of non-gaussianity f_{NL} associated with the bispectrum B_ζof the primordial curvature perturbation ζ, in a subclass of small-field {\it slow-roll} models of inflation with canonical kinetic terms. Such a result is obtained by taking care of loop corrections both in the spectrum P_ζand the bispectrum B_ζ. Sizeable values for f_{NL} arise even if ζis generated during inflation. Five issues are considered when constraining the available parameter space: 1. we must ensure that we are in a perturbative regime so that the ζseries expansion, and its truncation, are valid. 2. we must apply the correct condition for the (possible) loop dominance in B_ζand/or P_ζ. 3. we must satisfy the spectrum normalisation condition. 4. we must satisfy the spectral tilt constraint. 5. we must have enough inflation to solve the horizon problem.
description: LaTeX file, 40 pages, 6 figures, Main body: 26 pages, Appendix: 8 pages, References: 6 pages. v2: minor grammatical changes, references added and updated, a few changes reflecting the fact that = 0, conclusions unchanged. Version accepted for publication in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
IEEE Softwarization - May 2017
Creators: Michael J. McGrath
Victor Bayon-Molino
Marie-Paule Odini
Peter Thompson
Neil Davies
Dan Conde
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

Articles in this issue include: Evolving End to End Telemetry Systems to Meet the Challenges of Softwarized Environments, Telco Cloud NFV Metrics and Performance Management, Performance Contracts in SDN Systems, Telemetry and Performance Management in Softwarized Environments
IEEE Softwarization - September 2016
Creators: Peter Ohlen
Ahmad Rostami
Paola Iovanna
Pedro A. Aranda Gutierrez
Diego R. Lopez
Marie-Paule Odini
Djamal Zeghlache
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

Articles in this issue include: Orchestration and Control Solutions in 5G: Challenges and Opportunities from a Transport Perspective, Fighting Your Way Through the Jungle of Intent, NFV: From CI/CD to Hypervisor or Container Based Deployments, NFV Service Chaining Challenges
title: A Study to Determine why Cache County, Utah, High School Students do or do not Enroll in Second-Year Shorthand
Creators: name: Boswell, Rebecca B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: According to Wanous, the number of students enrolled in shorthand has increased steadily since 1926. However, Wanous states that the number of students enrolling in third and fourth semesters of shorthand is considerably smaller than the number of students enrolled in the first-year shorthand courses.
Anderson's study in which the transcription of first-year shorthand students has been analyzed shows that students can learn shorthand outlines during- the first year of shorthand, However, there is not enough time to acquire adequate skill in the taking of dictation or transcribing dictation to enable the students to obtain a stenographic position. In general, at the end of the one year of shorthand, research shows that not more than 11 to 20 percent of the students can transcribe mail-able copy at 60 words per minute. Also from this research, Anderson indicates that students need to take more than one year of shorthand to obtain a stenographic position. Why then do some students not enroll in the second year of shorthand ?
Haggblade reports that most experienced shorthand teachers would have little difficulty compiling a list of factors they believe have an important influence upon the shorthand achievement and success of their students. "They might mention such possibilities as their own enthusiasm, the speed at which the students can take dictation, the time of the day the class meets, the type of shorthand system taught, ad infinitum. "
Rogers suggests that one reason for a high mortality rate of second-year shorthand students is that the students obtain a sense of failure during first-year shorthand. Some teachers use the rationale that, "Teachers should weed out the slower students who cannot keep up the pace. They will never be secretaries anyway."
The problem facing business educators and especially shorthand teachers is to determine by research the reasons that such a high percentage of first-year shorthand students do not choose to enroll in the second-year course, and to determine why some students do choose to enroll in the second-year course.
IEEE Softwarization - January 2016
Creators: Marc De Leenheer
Tom Tofigh
Jeff Finkelstein
Diego Lopez
Andy Reid
Antonio Manzalini
Marie-Paule Odini
Cagatay Buyukkoc
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

Articles in this issue include: Rethinking Metro Networks, SDN in the Cable Access Network, Impact of SDN/NFV on Business Models Disruption and Opportunities, SDN Initiative Creates Subcommittee to Address SDN, NFV Fragmentation
Identification, separation and structural characterization of process impurity present in Doxepin hydrochloride and quantification by using high performance liquid chromatography
Creators: name: Ramu, Sigilipalli
name: Reddy, K.V.N. Suresh
name: Srinivas, Torati
name: Reddy, M. Kiranmai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This study aimed to investigate a novel process-related impurity generated during the production of doxepin hydrochloride. A new high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with a gradient program was developed, revealing that the impurity eluted at approximately 1.5 RRT of the drug substance. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis identified the impurity with a molecular mass of 474.2. Further, the impurity generated during doxepin production was isolated using column chromatography, and its structure was confirmed as a dimer of doxepin through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The impurity was effectively separated using an HPLC system equipped with a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column ((250 × 4.6) mm, 5 μm) at a column temperature of 40°C. The mobile phase, consisting of 10 mM ammonium acetate and methanol, was delivered in gradient mode, with detection at 254 nm using a diode array detector (DAD). The HPLC method was validated for specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and detection threshold, yielding satisfactory results.
title: A Journey of Foreign Language Teaching and Learning
Creators: name: Hung, I-Chiao
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: This portfolio is designed to share with the reader the author’s beliefs about a number of issues related to effective foreign language (FL) learning and teaching rooted in theoretical foundations of second language acquisition as well as provide insights about her own teaching and observation experiences per the requirements for her Master of Second Language Teaching (MSLT) program. The target languages focused on in this portfolio are FL Chinese and English.
Divided into three main parts, this portfolio addresses: 1) the author’s teaching philosophy; 2) language, literacy, and culture papers from research perspectives; and 3) annotated bibliographies that serve as additional records of the author’s learning while in the MSLT program. The language paper is a hypothetical study involving the technological application of Memrise in FL Chinese classrooms. The literacy paper is a description of a proposed study that examines the use and effects of digital storytelling on Chinese FL learners’ writing and speaking skills. Finally, the culture paper is a literature review that focuses on the impact of English and Chinese FL learners' identities on their learning.
IEEE Softwarization - March 2017
Creators: Laurent Ciavaglia
Quentin Monnet
Daniel Conde
Metin Taskin
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

Articles in this issue include: OpenState: An Interface for Stateful Packet Processing in Programmable Switches, Software-Defined Perimeters: An Architectural View of SDP, Ensuring QoS with In-Home Wi-Fi Performance Monitoring
Effects of Phase Difference between Instability Modes on Boundary Layer Transition
Creators: name: Kim, Minwoo
name: Kim, Seungtae
name: Lim, Jiseop
name: Lin, Ray-Sing
name: Jee, Solkeun
name: Park, Donghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase effect on the modal interaction of flow instabilities is investigated for laminar-to-turbulent transition in a flat-plate boundary layer flow. Primary and secondary instabilities are numerically studied with 2D Tollmien-Schlichting wave and subharmonic 3D oblique waves at various initial phase differences between these two instability modes. Three numerical methods are used for a systematic approach for the entire transition process, i.e., before the onset of transition well into fully turbulent flow. The Floquet analysis predicts the subharmonic resonance where a subharmonic mode locally resonates for a given basic flow composed of the steady laminar flow and the fundamental mode. Because the Floquet analysis is limited to the resonating subharmonic mode, nonlinear parabolized stability equations (PSE) simulation is conducted with various phase shifts of the subharmonic mode with respect to the given fundamental mode. PSE offers insights on the modal interaction affected by the phase difference up to the weakly nonlinear stage of transition. Large-eddy simulation (LES) is conducted for a complete transition to turbulent boundary layer because PSE becomes prohibitively expensive in the late nonlinear stage of transition. The modulation of the subharmonic resonance with the initial phase difference leads to a significant delay in the transition location up to $ΔRe_{x, tr} \simeq 4\times 10^5$ as predicted by the current LES. Effects of the initial phase difference on the spatial evolution of the modal shape of the subharmonic mode are further investigated. The mechanism of the phase evolution is discussed, based on current numerical results and relevant literature data.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Frigioni, Daniele
name: Schiewe, Philine
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Theory of computation → Design and analysis of algorithms
subject: Mathematics of computing → Discrete mathematics
subject: Mathematics of computing → Combinatorics
subject: Mathematics of computing → Mathematical optimization
subject: Mathematics of computing → Graph theory
subject: Applied computing → Transportation

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: OASIcs, Vol. 115, 23rd Symposium on Algorithmic Approaches for Transportation Modelling, Optimization, and Systems (ATMOS 2023), pages 0:i-0:xii
How stars formed in warps settle into (and contaminate) thick discs
Creators: name: Khachaturyants, Tigran
name: Silva, Leandro Beraldo e
name: Debattista, Victor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years star formation has been discovered in the Milky Way's warp. These stars formed in the warp (warp stars) must eventually settle into the plane of the disc. We use an $N$-body$+$smooth particle hydrodynamics model of a warped galaxy to study how warp stars settle into the disc. By following warp stars in angular momentum space, we show that they first tilt to partially align with the main disc in a time scale of $\sim1$ Gyr. Then, once differential precession halts this process, they phase mix into an axisymmetric distribution on a time scale of $\sim 6$ Gyr. The warp stars end up contaminating the geometric thick disc. Because the warp in our fiducial simulation is growing, the {\it warp stars} settle to a distribution with a negative vertical age gradient as younger stars settle further from the mid-plane. While vertically extended, warp star orbits are still nearly circular and they are therefore subject to radial migration, with a net movement inwards. As a result warp stars can be found throughout the disc. The density distribution of a given population of warp stars evolves from a torus to an increasingly centrally filled-in density distribution. Therefore we argue that, in the Milky Way, warp stars should be found in the Solar Neighbourhood. Moreover, settled warp stars may constitute part of the young flaring population seen in the Milky Way's outskirts.
description: 21 pages, 25 figures; Published on MNRAS
title: The Satisfaction of Participants In Utah's Mutual Self-Help Housing Program
Creators: name: Martin, Lucas D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2012

description: The purpose of this study was to create a profile of Mutual Self-Help participants in Utah, measure their satisfaction with the program, and identify factors that lead to the willingness of participants to refer the program to others. The sample consisted of program participants at Neighborhood Nonprofit Housing Corporation and Rural Community Development Corporation from 2002 to 2009. A survey instrument was used to collect the data from the 114 responses. Descriptive statistics were used to create the profile of clients, satisfaction scores were analyzed with a t test, and a logistic regression was used to identify factors that contribute to participant referrals.
Clients were on average White, had 2.4 dependents, and had at least some college or vocational education. Most were first-time homeowners, had more than $20,000 in equity, and had never missed a payment. The majority of clients reported high levels of satisfaction with the program, their home, and the neighborhood. Satisfaction with their home proved to be the major predictor of referring the program to others, significant at less than .01.
The findings indicate that program participants are satisfied with the program. They have high levels of satisfaction, are likely to refer the program to others, and have derived significant benefits from the program in terms of equity and stability. This information can be used by nonprofits who administer the program, the USDA Rural Development who funds the program, and legislators who determine funding levels to assess the inputs and outputs of the program and better serve their clients.
IEEE Softwarization - May 2016
Creators: Eileen Healy
Nicolas Le Sauze
Mathieu Boussard
Sven van der Meer
Eduard Grasa
Matteo Gerola
Niranth Amogh
Alex Gelman
Mehmet Ulema
Marie-Paule Odini
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

Articles in this issue include: Mark Your Calendar! IEEE SDN's Flagship Conference Set for June 6-10 in Seoul, Korea, SDN in LANs: Programming the Network to Secure IoT Traffic, SDN Architectural Limitations: Towards a Full Software Network Vision, ICONA: Inter Cluster ONOS Network Application, IEEE SDN/NFV Standardization, SDN in NFV Architectural Framework
Ecological (Biophysical) land classification: an analysis of methodologies
Creators: name: Wiken, Edwin Bruce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Ecological land classification refers to an integrated survey in which areas of land, as ecosystems, are classified according to their ecological unity. In Canada, the approach was first advanced, nationally, in 1969 and was termed 'Bio-physical Land Classification'. This approach, which was derived from several foreign and domestic precedents, has been employed by various independent survey organizations throughout Canada to secure an ecological data bases for resource planning and management consideration. Because coordination was lacking between these organizations, modifications of this approach have taken place independently and often have been weighted according to the investigator's personal interests or capabilities. As such, the approach currently possesses a disparate character which is difficult to define singularly. To identify the current status in methodology, Canadian works in this field were comparatively analyzed. One result which stands out prominently from the analysis is that there are multifarious forms of ecological land classification. While they tend to achieve the same results, and demonstrate numerous commonalities land ecosystems have been manifested by combinations of criteria which are not always the same. Considerable confusion surrounds the nomenclature, the criteria for definitions and the criteria for recognition. Based on the analysis, hierarchical categories eco- province, ecoregion, ecodistrict, ecosection and ecotype are proposed. These are land ecosystems which possess a common recognized identity based on a unified pattern of biological and physical land characteristics. Each category coincides with a different order of generalization. Based largely on material extracted from past studies, criteria for recognition are stated.
Augmented Machines and Augmented Humans Converging on Transhumanism
Creators: Roberto Saracco
IEEE Digital Reality Co-Chair
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

White Paper by Roberto Saracco, IEEE Digital Reality Co-Chair
We have experienced a significant evolution in the capabilities of machines over the last 250 years with an incredible acceleration in the last 50 years, thanks to electronics and software. This evolution is going to continue and accelerate in the coming two decades leading to machines as "smart" as humans.

At the same time the human species has augmented its capability in various areas more than doubling life expectation over the last 100 years, and individuals have learned to leverage machines as never before to improve their life, their performances and extend their knowledge. This is also expected to progress in the coming two decades to the point that the boundary between humans and machines will become, in many instances, fuzzier and fuzzier, partly due to the growing use of digital twins. The progress seen in the last decades and the one expected is reshaping the idea of transhumanism, making it much more concrete.
Kinetic theory based solutions for particle clustering in turbulent flows
Creators: name: Stafford, C. P.
name: Swailes, D. C.
name: Reeks, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinetic theory provides an elegant framework for studying dispersed particles in turbulent flows. Here the application of such probability density function (PDF)-based descriptions is considered in the context of particle clustering. The approach provides a continuum representation for the particle phase in which momentum conservation identifies two fundamental contributions to the particle mass flux. These take the form of an additional body force, which emerges from inhomogeneities in the sampling of turbulence by particles, and a component of the particle phase stress tensor associated with turbophoresis. Remarkably, these contributions are frequently overlooked in the specification of mean-field models for dispersed particle flows. To assess the relative importance of these mass flux contributions a kinematic simulation study has been performed, making use of a specially constructed inhomogeneous flow field designed to mimic the dynamics of particle pair behaviour. Whilst the turbophoretic contribution always acts to increase the clustering of particles, both the direction in which the additional body force acts and the relative importance of the two mass flux contributions are found to vary with particle inertia and turbulence intensity. In some regimes the body force is also the dominant mechanism responsible for particle clustering, demonstrating its importance within model formulations. It is further highlighted that the evolution of the radial distribution function which describes particle clustering is represented as a balance between convection and diffusion, and only inclusion of the identified mass flux contributions within this balance enables correct prediction of the particle pair concentration profile observed in simulations.
description: Accepted version
Solving for the 2D Water Snowline with Hydrodynamic Simulations. Emergence of gas outflow, water cycle and temperature plateau
Creators: name: Wang, Yu
name: Ormel, Chris W.
name: Mori, Shoji
name: Bai, Xue-Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In protoplanetary disks, the water snowline marks the location where ice-rich pebbles sublimate, releasing silicate grains and water vapor. These processes can trigger pile-ups of solids, making the water snowline a promising site for forming planetesimals. However, previous studies exploring the pile-up conditions typically employ 1D, vertically-averaged and isothermal assumptions. In this work, we investigate how a 2D flow pattern and realistic temperature structure affect the pile-up of pebbles at the snowline and how latent heat effects can leave observational imprints. We perform 2D (R-Z) multifluid hydrodynamic simulations, tracking chemically heterogeneous pebbles and the released vapor. With a recent-developed phase change module, the mass transfer and latent heat exchange during ice sublimation are calculated self-consistently. The temperature is calculated by a two-stream radiation transfer method under various opacities and stellar luminosity. We find that vapor injection at the snowline drives a previously unrecognized outflow, leading to a pile-up of ice outside the snowline. Vapor injection also decreases the headwind velocity in the pile-up, promoting planetesimal formation and pebble accretion. In active disks, we identify a water-cycle: after ice sublimates in the hotter midplane, vapor recondenses onto pebbles in the upper, cooler layers, which settle back to the midplane. This cycle promotes ice-trapping at snowline. Latent heat exchange flattens the temperature gradient across the snowline, broadening the width while reducing the peak solid-to-gas ratio of pile-ups. Due to the water cycle, active disks are more conducive to planetesimal formation than passive disks. The significant temperature dip (~ 40K) caused by latent heat cooling manifests as an intensity dip in the dust continuum, presenting a new channel to identify the water snowline in outbursting systems.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Equivalence of the random intersection graph and G(n,p)
Creators: name: Rybarczyk, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80, 60C05

description: We solve the conjecture posed by Fill, Scheinerman and Singer-Cohen and show the equivalence of the sharp threshold functions of the random intersection graph G(n,m,p) with $m >= n^3$ and a graph in which each edge appears independently. Moreover we prove sharper equivalence results under some additional assumptions.
Size Dependence of Current Spin Polarization Through Superconductor/Ferromagnet Nanocontacts
Creators: name: Stokmaier, M.
name: Goll, G.
name: Weissenberger, D.
name: Sürgers, C.
name: Löhneysen, H. v.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin polarization P of the transport current through the interface between superconducting Al and ferromagnetic Fe is determined by means of Andreev reflection at nanostructured point contacts. We observe a systematic decrease of P with decreasing contact resistance. Our data provide evidence for the reduction of P by spin-orbit scattering and thus establish a link between density-of-states and transport spin polarizations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
ALMA-IMF XVII -- Census and lifetime of high-mass prestellar cores in 14 massive protoclusters
Creators: name: Valeille-Manet, M.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Csengeri, T.
name: Nony, T.
name: Motte, F.
name: Stutz, A. M.
name: Gusdorf, A.
name: Ginsburg, A.
name: Galván-Madrid, R.
name: Sanhueza, P.
name: Bonfand, M.
name: Brouillet, N.
name: Dell'Ova, P.
name: Louvet, F.
name: Cunningham, N.
name: Fernández-López, M.
name: Herpin, F.
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Álvarez-Gutiérrez, R. H.
name: Armante, M.
name: Guzmán, A. E.
name: Kessler, N.
name: Koley, A.
name: Salinas, J.
name: Yoo, T.
name: Bronfman, L.
name: Nestour, N. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-mass prestellar cores are extremely rare. The search for such objects has long been hindered by small sample sizes, leading to large uncertainties in their lifetimes and the conditions in which high-mass stars ($> 8\,M_{\odot}$) form. We leverage the large sample ($\sim 580$ cores) detected in the ALMA-IMF survey to identify both protostellar and prestellar cores and estimate their relative lifetimes. We use CO and SiO outflows to identify protostellar cores and introduce a new automated method based on aperture line emission and background subtraction to systematically detect outflows associated with each of the 141 most massive cores. Massive cores that do not drive an outflow in either tracer are classified as prestellar. Our method enables efficient outflow detection with performance comparable to more traditional techniques. We identify 30 likely prestellar cores with $M > 8\,M_{\odot}$, including 12 with $M > 16\,M_{\odot}$, the best candidates for high-mass star precursors. Most of these 12 cores reside in the crowded central regions of protoclusters, where high-mass stars are expected to form. Using prestellar-to-protostellar core ratios and a 300 kyr protostellar lifetime, we estimate prestellar lifetimes of 120 to 240 kyr for $8\,M_{\odot} < M < 16\,M_{\odot}$ and 50 to 100 kyr for $30\,M_{\odot} < M < 55\,M_{\odot}$. These timescales, which depend on different mass reservoir evolution scenarios, significantly exceed the 4 to 15 kyr free-fall time of the cores, suggesting that high-mass cores persist for 10 to 30 free-fall times. This indicates that collapse is slowed by turbulence, magnetic fields, or rotation at or below the observed scale.
Optimal Scheduling of Isolated Microgrids Using Automated Reinforcement Learning-based Multi-period Forecasting
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Wang, Ruinong
name: Yang, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to reduce the negative impact of the uncertainty of load and renewable energies outputs on microgrid operation, an optimal scheduling model is proposed for isolated microgrids by using automated reinforcement learning-based multi-period forecasting of renewable power generations and loads. Firstly, a prioritized experience replay automated reinforcement learning (PER-AutoRL) is designed to simplify the deployment of deep reinforcement learning (DRL)-based forecasting model in a customized manner, the single-step multi-period forecasting method based on PER-AutoRL is proposed for the first time to address the error accumulation issue suffered by existing multi-step forecasting methods, then the prediction values obtained by the proposed forecasting method are revised via the error distribution to improve the prediction accuracy; secondly, a scheduling model considering demand response is constructed to minimize the total microgrid operating costs, where the revised forecasting values are used as the dispatch basis, and a spinning reserve chance constraint is set according to the error distribution; finally, by transforming the original scheduling model into a readily solvable mixed integer linear programming via the sequence operation theory (SOT), the transformed model is solved by using CPLEX solver. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional scheduling model without forecasting, this approach manages to significantly reduce the system operating costs by improving the prediction accuracy.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy
A Search for H2CO 6cm Emission toward Young Stellar Objects III: VLA Observations
Creators: name: Araya, E. D.
name: Hofner, P.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Linz, H.
name: Kurtz, S.
name: Olmi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of our third survey for formaldehyde (H2CO) 6cm maser emission in the Galaxy. Using the Very Large Array, we detected two new H2CO maser sources (G23.01-0.41 and G25.83-0.18), thus increasing the sample of known H2CO maser regions in the Galaxy to seven. We review the characteristics of the G23.01-0.41 and G25.83-0.18 star forming regions. The H2CO masers in G23.01-0.41 and G25.83-0.18 share several properties with the other known H2CO masers, in particular, emission from rich maser environments and close proximity to very young massive stellar objects.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Surface dynamics and geophysical environment of asteroid (3200) Phaethon
Creators: name: Jo, Hangbin
name: Ishiguro, Masateru
name: Richardson, Derek C.
name: Marshall, Sean E.
name: Arai, Tomoko
name: Ishibashi, Ko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. (3200) Phaethon is a ~5-km-diameter near-Earth asteroid with a small perihelion distance of 0.14 au and is the parent body of the Geminids. JAXA's DESTINY+ mission will fly by Phaethon in the near future. Aims. We aim to support the pre-flight planning for the DESTINY+ mission by performing a geophysical analysis on Phaethon's surface and near-surface environment utilizing the latest shape model from numerous observations. Methods. We employed the soft-sphere discrete element method code PKDGRAV to construct a "mascon" model of Phaethon and determine its gravity. We then computed the geopotential on Phaethon and derived various physical quantities related to its surface and near-surface dynamics. Results. We calculated geophysical quantities for the surface, including surface acceleration and slope. To assess whether surface objects could be launched off the surface, we computed the escape speed, return speed, Jacobi speed, and the location and stability of equilibrium points around Phaethon, and conducted a simple dynamical simulation of launched particles. Conclusions. Our results suggest that a large depression feature in the northern hemisphere could harbor exposed subsurface material and the freshest material on Phaethon. We propose that this depression be considered a key area for observation by the DESTINY+ mission
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, Accepted on 2025 February 12 for the publication of Astronomy & Astrophysics
$p$-regularity of the $p$-adic valuation of the Fibonacci sequence
Creators: name: Medina, Luis A.
name: Rowland, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B39

description: We show that the $p$-adic valuation of the sequence of Fibonacci numbers is a $p$-regular sequence for every prime $p$. For $p \neq 2, 5$, we determine that the rank of this sequence is $α(p) + 1$, where $α(m)$ is the restricted period length of the Fibonacci sequence modulo $m$.
description: 7 pages; publication version
Histogram binning revisited with a focus on human perception
Creators: name: Sahann, Raphael
name: Möller, Torsten
name: Schmidt, Johanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a quantitative user study to evaluate how well users can visually perceive the underlying data distribution from a histogram representation. We used different sample and bin sizes and four different distributions (uniform, normal, bimodal, and gamma). The study results confirm that, in general, more bins correlate with fewer errors by the viewers. However, upon a certain number of bins, the error rate cannot be improved by adding more bins. By comparing our study results with the outcomes of existing mathematical models for histogram binning (e.g., Sturges' formula, Scott's normal reference rule, the Rice Rule, or Freedman-Diaconis' choice), we can see that most of them overestimate the number of bins necessary to make the distribution visible to a human viewer.
description: Accepted as short paper at VIS 2021. Supplemental material can be found at https://github.com/johanna-schmidt/histogram-binning-revisited
DiGS-3D: Diffusion Transformer as unstructured 3D Gaussian Splatting Generator - Supplementary Material
Publisher: name: IEEE Signal Processing Society
Year: 2025

description: Generation of 3D Gaussian Splatting (3D GS) representation suffers from the challenge of maintaining the visual aspect while preserving the geometry of generated objects. We introduce DiGS-3D, an efficient method for generation of 3D Gaussian Splatting representations generation using a diffusion transformer. While current 3D GS generative models use proxy representation as a way to structure the point cloud before processing, our method preserves the original 3D structure of the 3D GS representation. We use an encoder-only transformer architecture to model both the parameters of 3D gaussians and their relationships across the entire scene, and reach competitive metrics on the unconditional 3D GS generation task. We additionally introduce depth supervision for 3D radiance field generative diffusion model training, which we show improves the performance of our model.
Square free words as products of commutators
Creators: name: Duncan, Andrew
name: Vdovina, Alina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Elements of the commutator subgroup of a free group can be presented as values of canonical forms, called Wicks forms. We show that, starting from sufficiently high genus g, there is a sequence of words w(g) which can be presented by f(g) distinct Wicks forms, where f(g)>g!. Moreover we may choose these words w(g) to be square free.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Valency, charge-transfer, and orbital-dependent correlation in bilayer nickelates Nd3Ni2O7
Creators: name: Takegami, Daisuke
name: Okauchi, Takaki
name: Morales, Edgar Abarca
name: Fujinuma, Kouto
name: Furo, Mizuki
name: Yoshimura, Masato
name: Tsuei, Ku-Ding
name: Pan, Grace A.
name: Segedin, Dan Ferenc
name: Song, Qi
name: Paik, Hanjong
name: Brooks, Charles M.
name: Mundy, Julia A.
name: Mizokawa, Takashi
name: Tjeng, Liu Hao
name: Goodge, Berit H.
name: Hariki, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the bulk electronic structure of Nd3Ni2O7 using Ni 2p core-level hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy combined with density functional theory + dynamical mean-field theory. Our results reveal a large deviation of the Ni 3d occupation from the formal Ni2.5+ valency, highlighting the importance of the charge-transfer from oxygen ligands. We find that the dominant d8 configuration is accompanied by nearly equal contributions from d7 and d9 states, exhibiting an unusual valence state among Ni-based oxides. Finally, we discuss the Ni dx2-y2 and dz2 orbital-dependent hybridization, correlation and local spin dynamics.
On unimodality problems in Pascal's triangle
Creators: name: Su, Xun-Tuan
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A10;05A20

description: Many sequences of binomial coefficients share various unimodality properties. In this paper we consider the unimodality problem of a sequence of binomial coefficients located in a ray or a transversal of the Pascal triangle. Our results give in particular an affirmative answer to a conjecture of Belbachir et al which asserts that such a sequence of binomial coefficients must be unimodal. We also propose two more general conjectures.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
A quality by design (QbD) strategy for developing and validating Droxidopa in API and formulation using an RP-HPLC procedure ensuring regulatory compliance
Creators: name: Maddala, Sandhya Madhuri
name: Parimi, Ravi
name: Elvina, Pravallika K
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Background: Droxidopa, a prodrug for neurogenic orthostatic hypotension, requires precise quality analysis. RP-HPLC is valued for its sensitivity and reliability in pharmaceutical quality control, but traditional methods are time-consuming and lack robustness, highlighting the need for systematic approaches. Method: This study innovatively applies the Quality by Design (QbD) systematic approach to establish and validate an RP-HPLC procedure for analyzing Droxidopa in active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and pharmaceutical dosage form. Emphasizing risk assessment and management, the procedure was systematically designed employing Plackett-Burman design (PBD) for initial screening studies, followed by Central Composite Design (CCD) for optimization. Critical method parameters (CMPs) such as buffer pH, % organic composition, and organic modifier were precisely adjusted. Statistical tools, including ANOVA, evaluated the significance and interactions of factors on responses like theoretical plates, retention time, and tailing factor. Results: Using Design Expert version 13, the procedure was optimised for an Agilent C18 packed column (150 mm x 4.6 mm i.d. and 3.5μ size particles). The eluent comprising Acetonitrile and 10mM hexane sulphonic acid buffer (pH 3 adjusted with 0.1% orthophosphoric acid) in 35:65 v/v ratio, achieved a 1.0 ml/min flow rate and a 2.66 min retention time. The optimised procedure was validated, and stress studies were conducted per ICHQ2(R1) and ICHQ1A guidelines. The procedure exhibited high sensitivity and precision, with a linearity range of 25-150 μg/ml (R2 = 0.9999), theoretical plates of 4226, and 1.07 as a tailing factor. Precision was validated within one day and between days with RSD values of 0.36 and 0.77, respectively, and robustness values below 2%. Forced degradation studies confirmed the ability of a procedure to distinguish Droxidopa from degradation products. Conclusion: This research marks a significant advancement in RP-HPLC method development for pharmaceutical analysis, offering a robust, and sensitive, procedure for Droxidopa analysis in bulk medication and formulations.
Theoretical Study of Temperature Dependence of Spin Susceptibility in Anisotropic Itinerant Ferromagnets
Creators: name: Miura, Daisuke
name: Sakuma, Akimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a framework for directly calculating the spin susceptibility of anisotropic itinerant ferromagnets in the full temperature range within the coherent potential approximation in the disordered local moment picture. As a test of our formulation, we demonstrate the computation for the temperature ($T$) dependence of the spin susceptibility for Rashba-type ferromagnets with the Curie temperature $T_\mathrm{C}$. In a certain parameter, we found that the inverse transverse susceptibility $1/χ_\perp\simeq\mathrm{const.}$ for $TT_\mathrm{C}$, which reflects characteristics of itinerant ferromagnets including a spin-orbit interaction.
Ultrasound-assisted green synthesis of 2-substituted benzimidazoles using copper oxide-decorated reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite
Creators: name: Dandia, Anshu
name: Parihar, Sonam
name: Saini, Surendra
name: Kumar, Krishan
name: Gurjar, Aditya
name: Meena, Priyanka
name: Kumar, Sanjay
name: Parewa, Vijay
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The development of environmentally benign and efficient strategies for synthesizing biologically important heterocycles remains a pivotal challenge in contemporary organic chemistry. Among these, benzimidazole derivatives represent a class of vital heterocyclic compounds with diverse and significant pharmacological applications. This underscores the necessity for advancing sustainable and catalytic methodologies to achieve their efficient and selective synthesis. In this regard, a novel water-assisted strategy has been developed for the synthesis of substituted benzimidazole scaffolds through the reaction of 2-haloanilines, sodium azide, and aldehydes under ultrasound irradiation, catalyzed by a CuO-decked reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite in aqueous medium. The CuO-rGO nanocomposite was synthesized via a one-pot chemical route and thoroughly characterized using various analytical techniques. Compared to conventional methods, the CuO-rGO nanocomposite exhibited a 20-fold increase in catalytic activity under ultrasound irradiation. The synergistic effect between water, the catalyst’s functionalities, and ultrasound irradiation played a pivotal role in the successful synthesis of the desired products. Furthermore, the catalyst could be easily recovered by centrifugation and reused successfully for up to eight cycles without a loss in activity.