cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional regulation of dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) in odontoblasts and osteoblasts
Creators: name: Jacob, Alexander
name: Youbin Zhang
name: George, Anne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) is a noncollagenous protein important for the mineralization of bones and teeth. Examination of the transcription factor binding sites within the 6.24 kb upstream sequence of rat DMP1 promoter by Matinspector software revealed that TCF11 had the highest number (six) of binding sites with 100% matrix similarity. Four of these sites are conserved in the mouse DMP1 promoter. TCF11 is a member of the Cap-n-Collar (cnc) family of basic leucine zipper transcription factors. Results from this study showed that TCF11 can bind specifically to the DMP1 promoter and activate its transcription in odontoblasts and osteoblasts. This could be attributed to both direct and indirect effects of TCF11. Electrophoretic mobility shift (EMSA) assay showed differential interaction between TCF11 and its binding sites on the DMP1 promoter. 21 bp oligos spanning the TCF11 matrix were used as probes in EMSA, and the results showed that the binding was specific to the sequence of the TCF11 matrix as well as the flanking sequences and this is typical of a heterodimer binding site. Results also showed changes in the binding pattern when cells were differentiated in osteogenic medium for 2 d. Thus, TCF11 may play an important role in the transcriptional regulation of DMP1 gene.
Blockchain and Fog Computing for Cyberphysical Systems: The Case of Smart Industry
Creators: name: Bouachir, Ouns
name: Aloqaily, Moayad
name: Tseng, Lewis
name: Boukerche, Azzedine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchain has revolutionized how transactions are conducted by ensuring secure and auditable peer-to-peer coordination. This is due to both the development of decentralization, and the promotion of trust among peers. Blockchain and fog computing are currently being evaluated as potential support for software and a wide spectrum of applications, ranging from banking practices and digital transactions to cyber-physical systems. These systems are designed to work in highly complex, sometimes even adversarial, environments, and to synchronize heterogeneous machines and manufacturing facilities in cyber computational space, and address critical challenges such as computational complexity, security, trust, and data management. Coupling blockchain with fog computing technologies has the potential to identify and overcome these issues. Thus, this paper presents the knowledge of blockchain and fog computing required to improve cyber-physical systems in terms of quality-of-service, data storage, computing and security.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Computer, IEEE 2020
A new multi-center approach to the exchange-correlation interactions in ab initio tight-binding methods
Creators: name: Jelinek, P.
name: Wang, H.
name: Lewis, J. P.
name: Sankey, O. F.
name: Ortega, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approximate method to calculate exchange-correlation contributions in the framework of first-principles tight-binding molecular dynamics methods has been developed. In the proposed scheme on-site (off-site) exchange-correlation matrix elements are expressed as a one-center (two-center) term plus a {\it correction} due to the rest of the atoms. The one-center (two-center) term is evaluated directly, while the {\it correction} is calculated using a variation of the Sankey-Niklewski \cite{Sankey89} approach generalized for arbitrary atomic-like basis sets. The proposed scheme for exchange-correlation part permits the accurate and computationally efficient calculation of corresponding tight-binding matrices and atomic forces for complex systems. We calculate bulk properties of selected transition (W,Pd), noble (Au) or simple (Al) metals, a semiconductor (Si) and the transition metal oxide Ti$O_2$ with the new method to demonstrate its flexibility and good accuracy.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Formation of single-moon systems around gas giants
Creators: name: Fujii, Yuri I.
name: Ogihara, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the formation process of satellite systems, and relatively large moons are thought to be born in circumplanetary disks. Making a single-moon system is known to be more difficult than multiple-moon or moonless systems. We aim to find a way to form a system with a single large moon, such as Titan around Saturn. We examine the orbital migration of moons, which change their direction and speed depending on the properties of circumplanetary disks. We modeled dissipating circumplanetary disks with taking the effect of temperature structures into account and calculated the orbital evolution of Titan-mass satellites in the final evolution stage of various circumplanetary disks. We also performed N-body simulations of systems that initially had multiple satellites to see whether single-moon systems remained at the end. The radial slope of the disk-temperature structure characterized by the dust opacity produces a patch of orbits in which the Titan-mass moons cease inward migration and even migrate outward in a certain range of the disk viscosity. The patch assists moons initially located in the outer orbits to remain in the disk, while those in the inner orbits fall onto the planet. We demonstrate for the first time that systems can form that have only one large moon around giant planet. Our N-body simulations suggest satellite formation was not efficient in the outer radii of circumplanetary disks.
description: Published in A&A letter
REASON4HEALTH additional research outputs
Creators: name: Ninković, Milica
name: Knezevic, Goran
name: Opacic, Goran
name: Lazić, Aleksandra
name: Lukic, Petar
name: Lazarevic, Lili
name: Branković, Marija
name: Purić, Danka
name: Zupan, Zorana
name: Zezelj, Iris
name: Petrović, Marija
name: Teovanovic, Predrag
name: Živanović, Marko
name: Stanković, Sanda
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024
Subjects: REASON4HEALTH
complementary medicine, alternative medicine, irrational mindset, individual differences
general population prevalence, experimental interventions, content analysis, experience sampling
health behaviors, evidence-based health decisions, adherence to medical recommendations, traditional medicine

description: Based on the data collected in R4H project, several sub-projects and publications were developed. This component encompasses all additional research outputs derived from the R4H.
Luigi Spaventa ministro del Bilancio (Luigi Spaventa Minister of the Budget)
Creators: name: Salvemini, Maria Teresa
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Luigi Spaventa, Italy, economic policy
subject: B32, B24, E12

description: L'autrice analizza l'eredità di Luigi Spaventa in qualità di Ministro del Bilancio italiano. L'autrice attinge a reminiscenze personali presso il Ministero del Tesoro e si concentra in particolare sul dualismo nello sviluppo economico dell'Italia e sull'approccio di Spaventa al problema del sottosviluppo del Mezzogiorno. The author analyses the legacy of Luigi Spaventa as Italian Minister for the Budget. The author draws on personal reminiscences at the Ministry of Treasury, and focuses in particular on dualism in Italy's economic development and Spaventa's approach to the problem of the underdevelopment of the Mezzogiorno. JEL Codes: B32, B24, E12
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 66, N. 263 (2013)
Electron-phonon Interaction close to a Mott transition
Creators: name: Sangiovanni, G.
name: Capone, M.
name: Castellani, C.
name: Grilli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of Holstein electron-phonon interaction on a Hubbard model close to a Mott-Hubbard transition at half-filling is investigated by means of Dynamical Mean-Field Theory. We observe a reduction of the effective mass that we interpret in terms of a reduced effective repulsion. When the repulsion is rescaled to take into account this effect, the quasiparticle low-energy features are unaffected by the electron-phonon interaction. Phonon features are only observed within the high-energy Hubbard bands. The lack of electron-phonon fingerprints in the quasiparticle physics can be explained interpreting the quasiparticle motion in terms of rare fast processes.
description: 4 pages, 3 color figures. Slightly revised text and references. Kondo effect result added in Fig. 2 for comparison with DMFT data
R4H Data paper
Creators: name: Purić, Danka
name: Zezelj, Iris
name: Lazarevic, Lili
name: Knezevic, Goran
name: Teovanovic, Predrag
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024
Subjects: REASON4HEALTH
complementary medicine, alternative medicine, irrational mindset, individual differences
general population prevalence, experimental interventions, content analysis, experience sampling
health behaviors, evidence-based health decisions, adherence to medical recommendations, traditional medicine

description: This component contains datasets, scripts and materials used in three studies reported in the paper.
Secondary electron emission under magnetic constraint: from Monte Carlo simulations to analytical solution
Creators: name: Costin, Claudiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The secondary electron emission process is essential for the optimal operation of a wide range of applications, including fusion reactors, high-energy accelerators, or spacecraft. The process can be influenced and controlled by the use of a magnetic field. An analytical solution is proposed to describe the secondary electron emission process in an oblique magnetic field. It was derived from Monte Carlo simulations. The analytical formula captures the influence of the magnetic field magnitude and tilt, electron emission energy, electron reflection on the surface, and electric field intensity on the secondary emission process. The last two parameters increase the effective emission while the others act the opposite. The electric field effect is equivalent to a reduction of the magnetic field tilt. A very good agreement is shown between the analytical and numerical results for a wide range of parameters. The analytical solution is a convenient tool for the theoretical study and design of magnetically assisted applications, providing realistic input for subsequent simulations.
description: peer-reviewed version of the manuscript published in Scientific Reports
Faut-il réguler l'encombrement des sites récréatifs ? Un modèle de choix discret avec participation
Creators: name: Leplat, Mélody
name: Le Goffe, Philippe
name: Leplat, Mélody
name: Le Goffe, Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: endogenous congestion
subject: optimum
subject: equilibrium
subject: random utility model
subject: recreation demand

description: Open-access is probably the main cause of crowding on recreational sites, especially when they are attractive and close to urban areas. In this case, theory predicts equilibrium and optimum differ due to externality of congestion. Whereas Fisher and Krutilla, 1972, caracterized optimum and equilibrium in monosite models, recent works on congestion in multiple sites models (Random utility models) only study equilibrium and the repartition of visits between sites in an empirical way. Our theoritical framework allows us to go further and derive visitation equilibrium and visitation optimum in a two sites random utility model with participation. Sites differ by quality. We use a recent measure of welfare (Erlander, 2005), essential to calculate optimum. At equilibrium, we show that participation is too high and that the high quality site is too much visited. We introduce optimal taxes to resolve this issue. Because this solution does not appear very realistic in the French case, we also examine impacts of improvements of quality on welfare. Our model is finally applied with a multinomial logit model estimated with data on recreational fishing.
Note su rendite e profitti: l’esperienza italiana (Notes on rents and profits: the Italian experience)
Creators: name: Spaventa, Luigi
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: rents, profits, growth, distribution
subject: E25, F43, B31

description: Articolo originariamente pubblicato su Moneta e Credito, vol.26 n.104, dicembre 1973, pp. 308-335. Article originally published in Moneta e Credito, vol. 26 n. 104, December 1973, pp. 308-335. JEL Codes: E25, F43, B31
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 66, N. 263 (2013)
Luigi Spaventa in Consob (Luigi Spaventa at Consob)
Creators: name: Cavazzuti, Filippo
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: regulation, securities, take over, public offer
subject: G10,G28, K22

description: L'articolo fornisce una descrizione dettagliata del lascito di Luigi Spaventa alla testa della Consob, l'autorità di vigilanza italiana sul mercato mobiliare e borsistico.Così facendo, l'articolo tratta della recente storia della regolamentazione dei mercati finanziari in Italia e in Europa. The article provides a detailed of Luigi Spaventa's legacy at the head of Consob, Italy's supervisory authority on the securities and stock exchange market. By so doing, the article deals with the recent history of financial markets regulation in Italy and Europe. JEL Codes: G10,G28, K22
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 66, N. 263 (2013)
Transcriptional regulation of amelotin gene by proinflammatory cytokines in gingival fibroblasts
Creators: name: Nakayama, Yohei
name: Takai, Hideki
name: Matsui, Sari
name: Liming Zhou
name: Abiko, Yoshimitsu
name: Ganss, Bernhard
name: Yorimasa Ogata
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Amelotin (AMTN) is a secreted protein expressed during the late stages of enamel formation and in the junctional epithelium. Among many differentially expressed genes, we found significantly increased AMTN mRNA level in inflamed gingiva by DNA microarray. The inductions of AMTN mRNA expressions in inflamed gingiva and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. To determine the molecular basis of the expression of AMTN and its regulation by proinflammatory cytokines, we have isolated and characterized the promoter region of mouse AMTN gene. Transient transfection assays were performed using luciferase constructs including mouse AMTN gene promoter. Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α induced AMTN mRNA levels in HGF. These cytokines increased the luciferase activities of the AMTN promoter constructs in HGF. The results suggest that proinflammatory cytokines induce AMTN gene transcription and a role for AMTN in gingival inflammation.
title: Erfolgreiche Kommunikation mit Topmanagern als Kunden einer Bildungseinrichtung am Beispiel Raiffeisen Campus
Creators: name: Ransböck, Sabine
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Bildung
subject: Topmanager
subject: Raiffeisen
subject: Kommunikation
subject: Akzeptanz
subject: Education
subject: Top managers
subject: Raiffeisen
subject: Communication
subject: Acceptance

description: Topmanager als Kunden haben für Bildungsanbieter einen hohen Stellenwert. Meist treffen sie Bildungsentscheidungen nicht nur für sich, sondern auch für ihre Mitarbeiter, oftmals wie z. B. im Raiffeisen Sektor auch für ihre Eigentümer. Um als Preferred Partner in Erwägung gezogen werden, muss der Raiffeisen Campus als sektorintern einziger bundesweiter Bildungsanbieter die Bedürfnisse und Herausforderungen der Topmanager kennen und mit einem darauf abgestimmten Bildungsangebot entsprechend reagieren. Außerdem muss es gelingen, die aus Kundensicht relevanten Alleinstellungsmerkmale zu kommunizieren. In einer quantitativen Online-Befragung mit 268 Raiffeisen Topmanagern konnten Präferenzen in ihrem Kommunikationsverhalten herausgefunden werden. Aus Kundensicht zählen das Programmheft, die Website, WEB 2.0, Online-Marketing und Empfehlungsmarketing zu den zukunftsträchtigsten Kommunikationsinstrumenten am Bildungsmarkt. Geht es nach dem Raiffeisen Topmanagement wird ein Social Media Auftritt von einer Bildungsorganisation weder erwartet noch gewünscht. Eine Bewertungsplattform könnte im Bildungsbereich ein weiteres, sehr starkes Kommunikationsinstrument werden.
description: Top managers as customers have a high significance for providers of learning and development programs. They usually make educational decisions not only for themselves but also for their employees, often also for their owners as in the Raiffeisen sector in Austria. To be considered as a preferred partner the Raiffeisen Campus as the sector internally nationwide training provider has to understand the needs and challenges of the top managers and respond accordingly with a coordinated training program. The USPs must be communicated from a customer perspective. In a quantitative survey with 268 Raiffeisen top managers, the preferences in their communication behavior could be found out. From a customer perspective the program brochure, the website, Web 2.0, online marketing and referral marketing are the most promising communication tools in the educational market. A Social Media presence of an educational organization is neither expected nor desired. An evaluation platform could be another strong communication tool for these organizations.
Sviluppo economico e sviluppo civile (Economic development and civil development)
Creators: name: SYLOS LABINI, P.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Economic development, civil development, theory of economic development
subject: O10

description: E ' opinione comune che lo sviluppo economico porta automaticamente allo sviluppo civile, come se tra i due ci fosse un rapporto di causa - effetto. Mentre lo sviluppo economico è ovviamente una condizione necessaria per lo sviluppo civile, ma non è sufficiente. D'altra parte, senza certi prerequisiti fondamentali nel campo dello sviluppo civile, ad esempio un livello minimo di istruzione, lo sviluppo economico è impossibile . Così, i due fenomeni sono meglio concepiti in termini di interazione, piuttosto che relazioni causali .It is commonly held that economic development automatically brings civil development with it, as if between the two there were a cause-effect relationship. While economic development is obviously a necessary condition for civil development, it is not a sufficient one. On the other hand, without certain fundamental pre-requisites in the civil development field, such as a minimum level of education, economic development is impossible. Thus, the two phenomena are best conceived of in terms of interaction rather than causal relations. JEL: O10
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 42, N. 167 (1989)
title: Nominelle Starrheit von Preisen und Löhnen : eine Gegenüberstellung der zentralen Modellierungsvarianten
Creators: name: Hager, Lukas
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Konjunkturzyklus
subject: nominelle Starrheit
subject: gestaffelte Löhne
subject: gestaffelte Preise
subject: Preisanpassungen
subject: Geldmenge
subject: business cycle
subject: nominal rigidity
subject: staggered wages
subject: staggered prices
subject: price adjustment
subject: money supply

description: Die Arbeit widmet sich makroökonomischen Modellen unter Berücksichtigung so genannter nomineller Starrheit von Preisen und Löhnen. Die Modellansätze aus den Arbeiten von Stanley Fischer ["Long-Term Contracts, Rational Expectations, and the Optimal Money Supply Rule", Journal of Political Economy 85/1 (1977) 191-205], John B. Taylor ["Staggered Wage Setting in a Macro Model", The American Economic Review 69/2 (1979) 108-113] und Guillermo A. Calvo ["Staggered Prices in a Utility-Maximizing Framework", Journal of Monetary Economics 12 (1983) 383-398] werden betrachtet und deren Modellannahmen vergleichend gegenübergestellt.
description: This thesis discusses macro-economic models under the inclusion of so called nominal rigidity of prices and wages. The approaches in the articles from Stanley Fischer ["Long-Term Contracts, Rational Expectations, and the Optimal Money Supply Rule", Journal of Political Economy 85/1 (1977) 191-205], John B. Taylor ["Staggered Wage Setting in a Macro Model", The American Economic Review 69/2 (1979) 108-113] and Guillermo A. Calvo ["Staggered Prices in a Utility-Maximizing Framework", Journal of Monetary Economics 12 (1983) 383-398] are examined and their assumptions put in comparison.
Integrazione finanziaria europea: alcune lezioni dell'esperienza italiana. (European financial integration: some lessons from Italy)
Creators: name: HESTER, D.
name: SDOGATI, F.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Italian banking system, price discrimination, European integration, Mezzogiorno
subject: F15, F36, G21

description: Il presente documento propone un modello oligopolistico con ladiscriminazione deiprezzi coerente con il sistema bancario italiano . Il documento presenta le caratteristiche del sistema bancario italiano che si vedono alla base di questo approccio di fondo : l'analisi è limitata alle banche commerciali . Dati sui tassi di interesse mostrano ampie disparità regionali dal 1969 ad oggi. This paper proposes an oligopolistic model with price discrimination as consistent with the known traditional qualities of the Italian banking system. The paper presents the background characteristics of the Italian banking system that are seen to underlie this approach: the analysis is restricted to commercial banks. Interest rate data show large regional disparities since 1969 to date. The model is consistent with the prediction that competition will shrink regional interest rate differentials, and the spread between loan and deposit rates in the Mezzogiorno. JEL: F15, F36, G21
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 42, N. 167 (1989)
Il ruolo delle politiche di bilancio nell'integrazione economica dell'Europa. (The role of fiscal policy in Europe’s economic integration)
Creators: name: CAMPA, G.
Publisher: name: Moneta e Credito
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: European economic integration, fiscal policy, Europe 1992
subject: F15, E62

description: Per raggiungere gli obiettivi previsti per " Europa 1992 ", un maggiore e più efficace coordinamento macroeconomico è necessario , sia all'interno di ciascun paese e all'interno della Comunità in generale. Il presente lavoro con la politica fiscale , sia a livello intracomunitario di coordinamento delle politiche nazionali , e al livello sovranazionale finalizzate ad assorbire le forze autonome di crescita diversificata. L'autore sostiene che, se una unione economica e monetaria richiede una politica regionale orientata di stabilizzazione e sviluppo , la politica economica di breve e medio termine , nel caso degli strumenti di bilancio , deve essere realizzato attraverso una disciplina sovranazionale con modi più dettagliati in cui le risorse può e deve essere trasferito da una regione all'altra e in cui tali risorse possono essere esentati da diverse regioni .To achieve the objectives set forth for “Europe 1992” a greater and more effective macroeconomic coordination is necessary, both within each country and within the Community at large. The present work deals with fiscal policy, both at the intra-Community level of coordination of national policies, and at the supranational level aimed at absorbing autonomous forces of diversified growth. The author argues that if an economic and monetary union requires a regionally oriented policy of stabilisation and development, the short and medium term economic policy, in the case of budgetary instruments, needs to be realised through a supranational discipline with more detailed ways in which resources can and must be transferred from one region to another and in which these resources may be exempted from different regions. JEL: F15, E62
description: Moneta e Credito, V. 42, N. 167 (1989)
Semantic Photo Manipulation with a Generative Image Prior
Creators: name: Bau, David
name: Strobelt, Hendrik
name: Peebles, William
name: Wulff, Jonas
name: Zhou, Bolei
name: Zhu, Jun-Yan
name: Torralba, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.10; I.4; I.3

description: Despite the recent success of GANs in synthesizing images conditioned on inputs such as a user sketch, text, or semantic labels, manipulating the high-level attributes of an existing natural photograph with GANs is challenging for two reasons. First, it is hard for GANs to precisely reproduce an input image. Second, after manipulation, the newly synthesized pixels often do not fit the original image. In this paper, we address these issues by adapting the image prior learned by GANs to image statistics of an individual image. Our method can accurately reconstruct the input image and synthesize new content, consistent with the appearance of the input image. We demonstrate our interactive system on several semantic image editing tasks, including synthesizing new objects consistent with background, removing unwanted objects, and changing the appearance of an object. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons against several existing methods demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
description: SIGGRAPH 2019
Type Ia Supernova models arising from different distributions of igniting points
Creators: name: Garcia-Senz, D.
name: Bravo, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we address the theory of Type Ia supernovae from the moment of carbon runaway up to several hours after the explosion. We have concentrated on the boiling-pot model: a deflagration characterized by the (nearly-) simultaneous ignition of a number of bubbles that pervade the core of the white dwarf. Thermal fluctuations larger than >1% of the background temperature (7x10^8 K) on lengthscales of < 1m could be the seeds of the bubbles. Variations of the homogeneity of the temperature perturbations can lead to two alternative configurations at carbon runaway: if the thermal gradient is small, all the bubbles grow to a common characteristic size related to the value of the thermal gradient, but if the thermal gradient is large enough, the size spectrum of the bubbles extends over several orders of magnitude. The explosion phase has been studied with the aid of a smoothed particle hydrodynamics code suited to simulate thermonuclear supernovae. In spite of important procedural differences and different physical assumptions, our results converge with the most recent calculations of 3D deflagrations in white dwarfs carried out in supernova studies by different groups. For large initial numbers of bubbles (>3-4 per octant), the explosion produces about 0.45 solar masses of 56Ni, and the kinetic energy of the ejecta is 0.45x10^{51} ergs. However, all three-dimensional deflagration models share three main drawbacks: 1) the scarce synthesis of intermediate-mass elements, 2) the loss of chemical stratification of the ejecta due to mixing by Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities during the first second of the explosion, and 3) the presence of big clumps of 56Ni at the photosphere at the time of maximum brightness.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy&Astrophysics, 21 pages-26 figures
Empowering system thinking and transdisciplinary practices: moving past multi- and interdisciplinary approaches
Creators: name: Al-Jarrah, Omar
name: Almarzouq, Batool
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In recent years, significant investments have been made to form interdisciplinary teams, bringing together experts from various fields to tackle "wicked problems" such as public health, sustainability, and climate change. Yet, many of these projects fail to achieve the intended impact. As Eric Wolf noted a long time ago. It is not enough to become multidisciplinary in the hope that an addition of all the disciplines will lead to a new vision. A major obstacle to the development of a new perspective lies in the very fact of specialisation itself. Discussions often do not result in meaningful change due to the challenges of merging different ways of thinking, norms, and disciplinary structures. In each discipline, we may use different mental models to convey different meanings or, conversely, the same terms to mean different things.

While transdisciplinarity as a formal approach is relatively new, its core idea—opening up the creation of knowledge to multiple perspectives—resonates with the practices of intellectual generalists before modern disciplines were established. Key figures of the Scientific Revolution, such as Francis Bacon, René Descartes, and Isaac Newton, were not confined by disciplinary boundaries, which only became institutionalised in the late 19th century.

In this talk, we explore how Big Team Science initiatives can apply these lessons to support the design and management of their open projects for greater impact.
Structure Formation in Inhomogeneous Dark Energy Models
Creators: name: Nunes, N. J.
name: Mota, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how inhomogeneous quintessence models may have a specific signature even in the linear regime of large scale structure formation. The dynamics of the collapse of a dark matter halo is governed by the value or the dynamical evolution of the dark energy equation of state, the energy density's initial conditions and its homogeneity nature in the highly non-linear regime. These have a direct impact on the redshift of collapse, altering in consequence the linearly extrapolated density threshold above which structures will end up collapsing. We compute this quantity for minimally coupled and coupled quintessence models, examining two extreme scenarios: first, when the quintessence field does not exhibit fluctuations on cluster scales and below - homogeneous dark energy; and second, when the field inside the overdensity collapses along with the dark matter - inhomogeneous dark energy. One shows that inhomogeneous dark energy models present distinct features which may be used to confront them with observational data, for instance galaxy number counting. Fitting formulae for the linearly extrapolated density threshold above which structures will end up collapsing are provided for models of dark energy with constant equation of state.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Version accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Machine-learning assisted track finding in the silicon vertex detector of the Belle II experiment
Creators: name: Madlener, Thomas
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Spurerkennung
subject: maschinelles Lernen
subject: Neuronale Netze
subject: Entscheidungsbäume
subject: Track finding
subject: machine learning
subject: neural networks
subject: boosted decision trees

description: Belle II ist ein Detektor, der zur Zeit an der Kollisionsmaschine Super-KEKB in Japan aufgebaut wird. Physik mit Belle II erfordert zuverlässige Spurrekonstruktion im Silizium-Vertex-Detektor (SVD) des Experiments. Die Arbeit beschreibt die Anwendung von maschinellen Lernalgorithmen wie neuronalen Netzen und "boosted decision trees" zur Optimierung des Mustererkennungs-Algorithmus, der geladene Spuren im SVD findet.
description: Belle II is a detector currently under construction at the Super-KEKB collider in Japan. Physics with Belle II requires a reliable track reconstruction in the silicon vertex detector (SVD) of the experiment. The thesis describes the application of machine learning methods such as neural networks and boosted decision trees to the optimization of the pattern recognition algorithm that finds charged tracks in the SVD.
Incremental placement for field-programmable gate arrays
Creators: name: Leong, David Chin Kuang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: As the logic capacity of FPGAs continues to increase with deep submicron technology, performing a full recompilation for small iterative changes in a large design is an extremely time-consuming and costly process. To address this issue, this thesis presents a new incremental placement algorithm for FPGAs named "iPlace" that significantly reduces the time required for recompilation. The iPlace algorithm is based on shifting, compaction, and annealing. Key ideas from the algorithm include a placement super-grid that is larger than the physical size of the FPGA. The super-grid allows insertion of additional CLBs into areas with no free locations by CPU-efficient shifting. This is followed by a compaction scheme to re-legalize CLBs that are shifted to illegal locations outside of the physical size of the FPGA. The algorithm ends with a low-temperature anneal to improve quality. This algorithm is capable of handling multiple design changes across large regions of a FPGA. This is especially useful for hierarchical designs where sub-circuits are re-used multiple times. If one such sub-circuit is modified, iPlace can quickly produce a high quality incremental placement solution. For a single region of design change, we found that iPlace is 34 to 260 times faster than the academic tool Versatile Place and Route (VPR) in default mode. Compared to VPR's reduced-quality "-fast" placement option, iPlace is 3 to 28 times faster with equivalent quality. For multiple regions of design changes, iPlace is still 50-70 times faster compared to VPR in default mode when up to 2/3 of the CLBs are modified; Compared to the "-fast" placement option, iPlace is still 5-8 times faster. We believe that iPlace is the first academically available incremental placement algorithm capable of handling significant changes to a netlist for very large circuits.
Establishment of Singleton-Merten Syndrome pulp cells: evidence of mineralization dysregulation
Creators: name: Changming Lu
name: Mamaeva, Olga A.
name: Cui, Chun
name: Amm, Hope
name: Rutsch, Frank
name: MacDougall, Mary
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Singleton-Merten syndrome (SMS) is a rare disease with a phenotype of dental dysplasia. Currently, the underlying mechanism of this disease is unknown. In order to investigate the functional mechanism of the SMS tooth phenotypes, we isolated dental pulp tissue and established SMS primary pulp cells. These cells exhibited normal morphology and could be maintained in culture. Their ability to express alkaline phosphatase and mineralize was confirmed by in vitro staining. A comparative osteogenesis polymerase chain reaction array analysis was performed revealing 22 genes up-regulated and 8 genes down-regulated greater than 2-fold in SMS versus unaffected pulp cells. Down-regulated genes included ALP, IGF2, TGFBR2 and COL1A1. Collagen type I was reduced in SMS cells as shown by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, matrix metallopeptidase 13 was found to be dramatically increased in SMS pulp cells. Our findings suggest that dentin mineralization is dysregulated in SMS and may contribute to the root phenotype found in this disease.
Quantum illumination with multiple entangled photons
Creators: name: Torromé, Ricardo Gallego
name: Bekhti-Winkel, Nadya Ben
name: Knott, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a theoretical generalization of Lloyd's quantum illumination to signal beams described by two entangled photon states is developed. It is shown that the new protocol offers a method to find the range of the target, reduces the size of the required time-bandwidth product to have the same signal to noise ratio than in Lloyd's quantum illumination, has a lower probability of false positive and is resilient against noise and also potentially against losses. However, the generation of the required three photon states for the protocol posses a technical problem for its practical implementation not fully addressed. Recent advances in triple photon generation that can overcome this problem are discussed. Other issues related with the protocol are also considered.
description: 14 pages; Discussion section extended; several references added. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.14238
title: Critical Period for Murine Olfactory Map Formation
Creators: name: Wu, Yunming
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2017

description: Formation of neural circuits in the brain is sensitive to deprivation of neural activity during the critical period. In the last few decades, the critical period has been studied extensively. These studies are primarily focused on the development of receptive fields in the cortex. Mechanisms regulating the connection between sensory neurons and their central targets during the critical period remain unknown.

 In this study, together with other members of the Yu lab, I performed a series of experiments in mice to perturb the projection pattern of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) during postnatal development. I observed a critical period during the formation of the olfactory circuit. Neurons generated during and after the critical period adopted different mechanisms in axon targeting. The early-born neurons were able to form converging projection into single glomerulus de novo. They also possessed the ability to correct mis-targeted axons. The late born neurons relied on existing axon tracks to target the correct glomeruli. Through genetic chronicle tracing experiments, I was able to demonstrate that early born neurons had a shorter life span, a faster turnover rate, and an increased axon projection plasticity compared to the late born neurons. Because of these unique characteristics, I defined the early born OSNs as “settler neurons”. Genetic ablation of settler neurons resulted in a disrupted axon projection pattern. Transgenic expression of Bcl2, an anti-apoptotic gene, in the OSNs extended the life span of the settler neurons beyond the critical period. The existence of the settler neurons after the critical period promoted the axon exuberant growth. It also affected the OSNs’ axon projection pattern. Transcriptome analysis revealed a genetic switch during the critical period. Different sets of transcription regulators, axon guidance molecules, and signaling molecules were expressed between the settler neurons and the OSNs born afterwards. I identified a G protein coupled receptor, Frizzled 1 (Fzd1), as a critical regulator of the critical period in the olfactory system. Ectopic expression of Fzd1 after the closure of the critical period enabled OSN axons to grow exuberantly and caused mis-targeting phenotype. Removing Frizzled 1 postponed the closure of the critical period. Finally, I showed that Fzd1 was physically associated with olfactory receptors (ORs). This interaction provided a molecular basis for Fzd1 to influence OSN’s axon guidance.
Coarse-grained distributions and superstatistics
Creators: name: Chavanis, Pierre-Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show an interesting connexion between the coarse-grained distribution function arising in the theory of violent relaxation for collisionless stellar systems (Lynden-Bell 1967) and the notion of superstatistics introduced recently by Beck & Cohen (2003). We also discuss the analogies and differences between the statistical equilibrium state of a multi-components self-gravitating system and the metaequilibrium state of a collisionless stellar system. Finally, we stress the important distinction between mixing entropies, generalized entropies, H-functions, generalized mixing entropies and relative entropies.
Probing chirality with inelastic electron-light scattering
Creators: name: Harvey, Tyler R.
name: Henke, Jan-Wilke
name: Kfir, Ofer
name: Lorenço-Martins, Hugo
name: Feist, Armin
name: de Abajo, F. Javier García
name: Ropers, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circular dichroism spectroscopy is an essential technique for understanding molecular structure and magnetic materials, but spatial resolution is limited by the wavelength of light, and sensitivity sufficient for single-molecule spectroscopy is challenging. We demonstrate that electrons can efficiently measure the interaction between circularly polarized light and chiral materials with deeply sub-wavelength resolution. By scanning a nanometer-sized focused electron beam across an optically-excited chiral nanostructure and measuring the electron energy spectrum at each probe position, we produce a high-spatial-resolution map of near-field dichroism. This technique offers a nanoscale view of a fundamental symmetry and could be employed as "photon staining" to increase biomolecular material contrast in electron microscopy.
Stability of antiphase line defects in nanometer-sized boron-nitride cones
Creators: name: Azevedo, Sergio
name: Mazzoni, Mario S. C.
name: Nunes, Ricardo W.
name: Chacham, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the stability of boron nitride conical sheets of nanometer size, using first-principles calculations. Our results indicate that cones with an antiphase boundary (a line defect that contains either B-B or N-N bonds) can be more stable than those without one. We also find that doping the antiphase boundaries with carbon can enhance their stability, leading also to the appearance of localized states in the bandgap. Among the structures we considered, the one with the smallest formation energy is a cone with a carbon-modified antiphase boundary that presents a spin splitting of about 0.5 eV at the Fermi level.
description: 5 two-column pages with 2 figures Accepted for publication in Physical Review B (vol 70, 15 Nov.)
Derivation of the Lorentz Force Law, the Magnetic Field Concept and the Faraday-Lenz Law using an Invariant Formulation of the Lorentz Transformation
Creators: name: Field, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated how the right hand sides of the Lorentz Transformation equations may be written, in a Lorentz invariant manner, as 4--vector scalar products. This implies the existence of invariant length intervals analogous to invariant proper time intervals. This formalism, making essential use of the 4-vector electromagnetic potential concept, provides a short derivation of the Lorentz force law of classical electrodynamics, the conventional definition of the magnetic field, in terms of spatial derivatives of the 4--vector potential and the Faraday-Lenz Law. An important distinction between the physical meanings of the space-time and energy-momentum 4--vectors is pointed out.
description: 15 pages, no tables 1 figure. Revised and extended version of physics/0307133 Some typos removed and minor text improvements in this version
A clustering-based self-calibration of the richness-to-mass relation of CAMIRA galaxy clusters out to $z\approx1.1$ in the Hyper Suprime-Cam survey
Creators: name: Chiu, I-Non
name: Okumura, Teppei
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Agrawal, Aniket
name: Umetsu, Keiichi
name: Lin, Yen-Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a self-calibration of the richness-to-mass ($N$-$M$) relation of CAMIRA galaxy clusters with richness $N\geq15$ at redshift $0.2\leq z<1.1$ by modeling redshift-space two-point correlation functions. These correlation functions are $ξ_{\mathrm{cc}}$ of CAMIRA clusters, the auto-correlation function $ξ_{\mathrm{gg}}$ of the CMASS galaxies spectroscopically observed in the BOSS survey, and the cross-correlation function $ξ_{\mathrm{cg}}$ between these two samples. We focus on constraining the normalization $A_{\mathrm{N}}$ of the $N$-$M$ relation in a forward-modeling approach, carefully accounting for the redshift-space distortion, the Finger-of-God effect, and the uncertainty in photometric redshifts of CAMIRA clusters. The modeling also takes into account the projection effect on the halo bias of CAMIRA clusters. The parameter constraints are shown to be unbiased according to validation tests using a large set of mock catalogs constructed from N-body simulations. At the pivotal mass $M_{500}=10^{14}h^{-1}M_{\odot}$ and the pivotal redshift $z_{\mathrm{piv}} = 0.6$, the resulting normalization $A_{\mathrm{N}}$ is constrained as $13.8^{+5.8}_{-4.2}$, $13.2^{+3.4}_{-2.7}$, and $11.9^{+3.0}_{-1.9}$ by modeling $ξ_{\mathrm{cc}}$, $ξ_{\mathrm{cc}}+ξ_{\mathrm{cg}}$, and $ξ_{\mathrm{cc}} + ξ_{\mathrm{cg}} + ξ_{\mathrm{gg}}$, with average uncertainties at levels of $36\%$, $23\%$, and $21\%$, respectively. We find that the resulting $A_{\mathrm{N}}$ is statistically consistent with those independently obtained from weak-lensing magnification and from a joint analysis of shear and cluster abundance, with a preference for a lower value at a level of $\lesssim1.9σ$. This implies that the absolute mass scale of CAMIRA clusters inferred from clustering is mildly higher than those from the independent methods. [abridged]
description: Accepted for publication in the MNRAS. References to the figures are re-ordered. Add one more grant in the acknowledgement