cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Eliassen-Palm fluxes of the diurnal tides from Whole Atmospheric Community Climate Model-Extended (WACCM-X)
Creators: name: Jones, McArthur
name: Liu, Hanli
name: Richmond, Arthur
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2009
Subjects: perturbation interactions
zonal mean flow
holistic
mesophere
thermosphere
ionosphere
seasonal variability

Through perturbation interactions with the zonal mean flow, the migrating diurnal tide and the diurnal eastward 3 (DE3) tide are fundamental to a holistic understanding of the atmospheric dynamics at mesosphere lower thermosphere (MLT) and low ionospheric altitudes. Previous tidal studies have noted the semiannual variability associated with the migrating diurnal tide and the DE3 tide, which maximize around equinox and minimize around solstice. Seasonally varying source and dissipation regions and/or wind structures are believed to cause the differences in the maximum amplitudes experienced between the two equinoxes. Utilizing monthly averaged output from the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model-Extended (WACCM-X), this study is among the first to apply this model to a diagnostic examination of the sources and sinks of tidal momentum and document the associated seasonal variability. From the averaged amplitudes obtained during March and September, the WACCM-X replicates the observed seasonal variability associated with the migrating diurnal tide and the DE3 tide. Calculating the divergence of the Eliassen-Palm Flux (EP Flux) for the migrating diurnal tide revealed robust seasonal variation which may be linked to differential solar heating of ozone in the stratosphere. Seasonal variation in the tropospheric sources of the DE3 tidal momentum alone does not appear to explain the semiannual variability observed in the tidal amplitudes. This study provides a better understanding of the seasonal variation in the generation and dissipation mechanisms of the migrating diurnal tide and the DE3 tide.
Periodicities in the K2 lightcurve of HP Librae
Creators: name: Solanki, Siddhant
name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Blaes, Omer
name: Breedt, Elmé
name: Scaringi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse Kepler/K2 lightcurve data of the AM CVn system HP Librae. We detect with confidence four photometric periodicities in the system: the orbital frequency, both positive and negative superhumps, and the positive apsidal precession frequency of the accretion disc. This is only the second time that the apsidal precession frequency has ever been directly detected in the photometry of a helium accreting system, after SDSS J135154.46-064309.0. We present phase-folded lightcurves and sliding power spectra of each of the four periodicities. We measure rates of change of the positive superhump period of $10^{-7}$ days/day. We also redetect a QPO at 300 cyc/day, a feature that has been stable over decades, and show that it is harmonically related to two other QPOs, the lowest of which is centered on the superhump/orbital frequency. The continuum power spectrum is consistent with a single power law with no evidence of any breaks within our observed frequency range.
description: Accepted to MNRAS. The movie of the lightcurve is available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fseDT2Mr-bM
Hydroxyl radical and sulfuric acid concentrations in Manitou Experimental Forest
Creators: name: Mayo, Talea
name: Mauldin, Lee
name: McGrath, Joshua
name: Petäjä, Tuukka
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: chemical species
troposhpere
pollutants
air purity
aerosol production
aerosols

The hydroxyl radical (OH) is an important chemical species. It is the primary oxidizing agent in the troposphere, reacting with many pollutants and consequently maintaining the purity of the air. It also plays an important role in the formation of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), which is important to aerosol production. It is this role that made concentrations of OH a measurement of interest to the Bio-hydro-atmosphere interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H₂O, Organics and Nitrogen (BEACHON) Project, a study that aimed to improve earth system models by quantifying geophysical systems. High reactivity, short lifespan, and low concentrations of OH make this molecule particularly difficult to measure. Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (CIMS) is one reliable method of measuring OH concentrations and was used in this study. The CIMS instrument measures OH by first converting it to sulfuric acid by the addition of isotopically labeled sulfur dioxide (³⁴SO₂), allowing naturally occurring H₂SO₄ to also be measured. Concentrations of both OH and H₂SO₄ were taken in Manitou Experimental Forest (MEF) in Manitou Springs, Colorado in summer 2008. Decay rates of OH were also determined. While OH concentrations and decay rates were unavailable at the conclusion of this research project, concentrations of OH and H₂SO₄ as well as OH decay rates were measured in similar studies conducted in Morgan-Monroe Experimental Forest and Hyytiala, Finland in May 2008.
Crosstalk-free Conjugate Networks for Optical Multicast Switching
Creators: name: Deng, Yun
name: Lee, Tony T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High-speed photonic switching networks can switch optical signals at the rate of several terabits per second. However, they suffer from an intrinsic crosstalk problem when two optical signals cross at the same switch element. To avoid crosstalk, active connections must be node-disjoint in the switching network. In this paper, we propose a sequence of decomposition and merge operations, called conjugate transformation, performed on each switch element to tackle this problem. The network resulting from this transformation is called conjugate network. By using the numbering-schemes of networks, we prove that if the route assignments in the original network are link-disjoint, their corresponding ones in the conjugate network would be node-disjoint. Thus, traditional nonblocking switching networks can be transformed into crosstalk-free optical switches in a routine manner. Furthermore, we show that crosstalk-free multicast switches can also be obtained from existing nonblocking multicast switches via the same conjugate transformation.
description: 10 pages
Regional climate model projections for Northeast Kansas: Access to water on the Kickapoo Reservation
Creators: name: Pauzauskie, Dana
name: Hayden, Mary
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: future generations
water access
National Center for Atmospheric Research
climate change
climate change projections
North Kansas Kickapoo Reservation

Present and future generations can benefit from the preparation of contemporary communities for the impacts of changing climate conditions. This project explored future access to water on the Northeast Kansas Kickapoo Reservation and introduced scientific climate model projections from the National Center for Atmospheric Research. Regional Climate-Change Projections were run from Multi-Model Ensembles (RCPM), and interviews were conducted to collect data on the region’s climate history, introduce RCPM’s to Kickapoo Representatives, and assess the Reservation’s water infrastructure through the use of a sensitivity analysis. Climate model projections were run to project change in temperature and precipitation for 2020, 2030, 2040, and 2050. Results from RCPM output data projected that by 2050 annual mean temperatures could increase from 12.39C to 15.37C, and precipitation from 36.6 inches to 41.84 inches. Kickapoo representatives chose to address drought mitigation planning. In order to lay a foundation for drought mitigation planning, the sensitivity analysis was used to assess the Reservation’s water infrastructure. The analysis revealed the Reservation’s water infrastructure could neither withstand an increase in precipitation, nor could it compensate for periods of drought. Applying the physical science of RCPM’s to locally-defined contemporary and upcoming social issues with a focus on water infrastructure empowers communities to plan for the future.
Energy Efficiency and Spectral Efficiency Tradeoff in RIS-Aided Multiuser MIMO Uplink Transmission
Creators: name: You, Li
name: Xiong, Jiayuan
name: Ng, Derrick Wing Kwan
name: Yuen, Chau
name: Wang, Wenjin
name: Gao, Xiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emergence of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) enables us to establish programmable radio wave propagation that caters for wireless communications, via employing low-cost passive reflecting units. This work studies the non-trivial tradeoff between energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) in multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) uplink communications aided by a RIS equipped with discrete phase shifters. For reducing the required signaling overhead and energy consumption, our transmission strategy design is based on the partial channel state information (CSI), including the statistical CSI between the RIS and user terminals (UTs) and the instantaneous CSI between the RIS and the base station. To investigate the EE-SE tradeoff, we develop a framework for the joint optimization of UTs' transmit precoding and RIS reflective beamforming to maximize a performance metric called resource efficiency (RE). For the design of UT's precoding, it is simplified into the design of UTs' transmit powers with the aid of the closed-form solutions of UTs' optimal transmit directions. To avoid the high complexity in computing the nested integrals involved in the expectations, we derive an asymptotic deterministic objective expression. For the design of the RIS phases, an iterative mean-square error minimization approach is proposed via capitalizing on the homotopy, accelerated projected gradient, and majorization-minimization methods. Numerical results illustrate the effectiveness and rapid convergence rate of our proposed optimization framework.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Uplifting dyonic AdS$_4$ black holes on seven-dimensional Sasaki-Einstein manifolds
Creators: name: Kim, Hyojoong
name: Kim, Nakwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit non-rotating, dyonically charged, and supersymmetric AdS$_4$ black holes, which are solutions of $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauged supergravity with vector- and hyper-multplets. Uplifting the near horizon solutions to $D=11$ supergravity on seven-dimensional Sasaki-Einstein manifolds, we show that dyonic AdS$_4$ black holes correspond to AdS$_2$ solutions with electric and magnetic baryonic fluxes in $D=11$ supergravity. We identify the off-shell AdS$_4$ black hole solutions with parameters of $D=11$ AdS$_2$ solutions without imposing the equations of motion. We calculate the entropy of dyonic black holes, carefully analyzing the Page charge quantization conditions.
description: 41 pages
Different ways of knowing: Exploring traditional ecological knowledge and climate modeling for the Turtle Mountains, North Dakota
Creators: name: Pauzauskie, Dana
name: Hayden, Mary
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2009
Subjects: climate change
indigenous people
local people
plants
medicine man
precipitation
unpredictable regional weather conditions
unstable weather patterns
culturally significant plants

Different ways of understanding climate change are pertinent to the study thereof. Observations and perspectives from indigenous and local peoples, in combination with scientific climate data, are important to include in discussions and considerations of regional climate change to better understand the full scope of the impacts brought about by a changing climate. This study explores impacts of climate changes on plants, and therefore culture, in the Turtle Mountain Reservation (ND) community as seen through the eyes of an Anishinabe tribal elder who is the community's medicine man. The analysis of CCSM3 coupled climate model projections for north central North Dakota revealed potential increases in regional monthly temperature's between 0.5 -3.0°C by 2020. Precipitation is projected to increase in spring months, and decrease in summer and fall. Through a semi-structured interview the elder reported unpredictable regional weather conditions over the last ten to twelve years. Observations included changes in winter temperatures and precipitation, unstable weather patterns during the transition from winter to spring, and dry summer conditions. The elder stated he is indirectly impacted when the harvest of culturally significant plants is compromised by changing environmental conditions; the ecosystem’s plants, insect, and wildlife species are shifting. By way of exploring Traditional Ecological Knowledge and climate modeling we understand projected changes in temperature and precipitation are already underway in the Turtle Mountains. The breadth of knowledge and understanding of the region's environment exposes the changing weather’s impacts on not only the ecosystem, but on a community's cultural practice.
Shear viscosity of nucleonic matter
Creators: name: Deng, Xian-Gai
name: Fang, De-Qing
name: Ma, Yu-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The research status of the shear viscosity of nucleonic matter is reviewed. Some methods to calculate the shear viscosity of nucleonic matter are introduced, including mean free path, Green-Kubo, shear strain rate, Chapman-Enskog and relaxation time approximation. Based on these methods, results for infinite and finite nucleonic matter are discussed, which are attempts to investigate the universality of the ratio of shear viscosity over entropy density and transport characteristics like the liquid-gas phase transition in nucleonic matter. In addition, shear viscosity is also briefly discussed for the quantum chrodynamical matter produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
description: Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, in press (2024); 100 pages, 40 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.10542 by other authors
Revolutionizing Medical Librarianship: The Transformative Power of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Information Access and Clinical Decision-Making
Creators: name: Di Bello, Fabio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: artificial ineligence
medical libraries
medical librarianship
manage information
health science
information retrieval
evidence-based clinical decision-making
webinar
Online seminars

description: A special guest will hold the webinar: 

Fabio di Bello, Professor at  CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti – Italy.

 

As we know, artificial Intelligence (AI) is rapidly reshaping the landscape of medical librarianship, bringing unprecedented changes in how healthcare professionals access, manage and utilize information. This presentation explores the transformative impact of AI on medical librarianship, highlighting its role in enhancing information retrieval, personalizing resource recommendations, and supporting evidence-based clinical decision-making. By leveraging advanced AI technologies such as natural language processing, machine learning, and predictive analytics, medical librarians can significantly improve the efficiency and accuracy of information services. We will examine real-world applications, from AI-powered literature searches to automated data curation and discuss the evolving role of medical librarians as key players in the digital health ecosystem. Attendees will gain insights into how AI is redefining traditional practices, empowering medical librarians to meet the growing demands of the modern healthcare environment and ultimately improving patient outcomes.

 

The session is organised by the Evaluation and Metrics special interest group from the European Association for Health Information and Libraries (EAHIL).
Solving functional reliability issue for an optical electrostatic switch
Creators: name: Camon, H.
name: Ganibal, C.
name: Rapahoz, N.
name: Trzmiel, M.
name: Pisella, C.
name: Martinez, C.
name: Gilbert, K.
name: Valette, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we report the advantage of using AC actuating signal for driving MEMS actuators instead of DC voltages. The study is based upon micro mirror devices used in digital mode for optical switching operation. When the pull-in effect is used, charge injection occurs when the micro mirror is maintained in the deflected position. To avoid this effect, a geometrical solution is to realize grounded landing electrodes which are electro-statically separated from the control electrodes. Another solution is the use of AC signal which eliminates charge injection particularly if a bipolar signal is used. Long term experiments have demonstrated the reliability of such a signal command to avoid injection of electric charges.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
Recovery of temporary pond alpha and beta diversity after wildfire disturbance: the role of dispersal and recolonization processes
Creators: name: Cunillera-Montcusí, David
name: Boix, Dani
name: Tornero, Irene
name: Quintana, Xavier D.
name: Sala, Jordi
name: Gascón, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Wildfires are a global disturbance being enhanced by human-induced pressures. Their frequency and intensity are expected to increase in the near future in regions such as the Mediterranean Basin. While responses of terrestrial systems to wildfire have been thoroughly studied, aquatic systems such as temporary ponds have received less attention. Furthermore, previous works have focused on wildfire impacts in aquatic systems from a functional and trait-based approach, but such disturbances can also impact the diversity of these systems at the local and regional level. In this work, we assessed wildfire impacts on alpha and beta diversity of Mediterranean temporary ponds by analysing samples of pond macrofauna after a wildfire burned part of a cluster of these habitats. The wildfire did not change alpha diversity patterns, but differences in beta diversity were observed when considering species abundance. Species with greater contribution to beta diversity were more strongly represented in unburned ponds after the wildfire. These changes occurred mostly during the beginning of the hydroperiod, which increased regional differences in burned ponds, but decreased toward the middle and the end of the hydroperiod. Overall, we report a fast recovery of communities after the wildfire, tightly linked to a rapid recolonization that increased similarity. Landscape structure and seasonal succession are key to the recovery of these systems. However, this recovery capacity might be compromised in the future by increasing occurrence of wildfire and the potential for substantial habitat loss.
Temperature-dependent Fermi surface probed by Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in topological semimetal candidates DyBi and HoBi
Creators: name: Nowakowska, Paulina
name: Pavlosiuk, Orest
name: Wiśniewski, Piotr
name: Kaczorowski, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare earth-based monopnictides are among the most intensively studied groups of materials in which extremely large magnetoresistance has been observed. This study explores magnetotransport properties of two representatives of this group, DyBi and HoBi. The extreme magnetoresistance is discovered in DyBi and confirmed in HoBi. At $T=2$ K and in $B=14$ T for both compounds, magnetoresistance reaches the order of magnitude of $10^4\%$. For both materials, standard Kohler's rule is obeyed only in the temperature range from 50 K to 300 K. At lower temperatures, extended Kohler's rule has to be invoked because carrier concentrations and mobilities strongly change with temperature and magnetic field. This is further proven by the observation of a quite rare temperature-dependence of oscillation frequencies in Shubnikov-de Haas effect. Rate of this dependence clearly changes at Néel temperature, reminiscent of a novel magnetic band splitting. Multi-frequency character of the observed Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations points to the coexistence of electron- and hole-type Fermi pockets in both studied materials. Overall, our results highlight correlation of temperature dependence of the Fermi surface with the magnetotransport properties of DyBi and HoBi.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, published in Scientific Reports
Urban transport and dispersion sensitivity ot wind direction and source location
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Manzanet, Luna
name: Bieringer, Paul
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: prevailing winds
forecast concentration
dosage fields
observational data
street-level plume errors
hazardous scenarios
release location

Many transport and dispersion (T&D) models need prevailing winds and source location to forecast concentration and dosage fields. Therefore, the models use observational data or mesoscale-model-generated forecast winds as the prevailing winds. This research examines how errors in these input wind fields may translate into T&D model solution errors. In particular, this study focuses on street-level plume errors that occur in building aware T&D models for a set of hazardous scenarios where the release location varies relative to the building locations and city building configurations. This problem was evaluated by first creating a "truth" plume for a given release location and wind direction. Then the T&D model errors associated with input wind errors were determined by comparing plumes calculated using wind directions varied at 2 degree increments to the truth plume. The errors are quantified as fraction of overlap (FOO), figure of merit in space (FMS), measure of effectiveness (MOE), and normalized absolute difference (NAD). These errors were evaluated for a non urban, an urban grid, and urban radial domain. Then two case studies modeled after common city setups. Results show that the relative impact of input errors vary significantly with the release location and the wind direction relative to buildings.
Direct Production of Tripartite Pump-Signal-Idler Entanglement in the Above-Threshold Optical Parametric Oscillator
Creators: name: Villar, A. S.
name: Martinelli, M.
name: Fabre, C.
name: Nussenzveig, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the quantum correlations existing among the three output fields (pump, signal, and idler) of a triply resonant non-degenerate Optical Parametric Oscillator operating above threshold. By applying the standard criteria [P. van Loock and A. Furusawa, Phys. Rev. A 67, 052315 (2003)], we show that strong tripartite continuous-variable entanglement is present in this well-known and simple system. Furthermore, since the entanglement is generated directly from a nonlinear process, the three entangled fields can have very different frequencies, opening the way for multicolored quantum information networks.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Mid-Pliocene (3.4-2.9 Myr) climate: Testing the atmospheric response of Pliocene sea surface temperatures (SST) revised to match proxy observations
Creators: name: Searles, Zi Zi
name: Otto-bliesner, Bette
name: Rosenbloom, Nan
name: Mumford, Kyle
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
anthropogenic climate change
climate change
warm periods
Pliocene epoch
USGS

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007) established with 90% confidence that anthropogenic climate change will result in a warmer world. In order to more fully understand possible future climate, past analogues of warm periods should be analyzed. The Pliocene epoch is an appropriate analogue because 1.) The continents were in their current configuration, and 2.) COâ levels were comparable to present, possibly as high as 400 ppmv. In 1999 the United States Geological Survey (USGS) created the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping datasets, version 2 (PRISM2), a set of 39 gridded datasets for use as boundary conditions in General Circulation Model (GCM) Experiments. Dekens et al. (2007) proxy observations reveals PRISM2 underestimates sea surface temperatures (SST's) for the California, Peruvian, North African, and South African margins. In this study, we modified the PRISM2 SST's to match these proxy observations. The sensitivity of the atmosphere to these SST revisions was tested using the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Atmospheric Model, version 3 (CAM3). The experiment results show increased cumulative precipitation and humidity in regions where PRISM2 predicted drying. For North America the predicted precipitation increase was in better agreement with geologic proxies indicating wetter conditions. Correlation of model results to geologic data for South America and Africa was more difficult due to the lack of Pliocene proxy data for these regions. The patterns of change displayed on wind vector and sea level pressure maps suggest new possibilities for Pliocene air-ocean dynamics.
MAGNet: Multi-agent Graph Network for Deep Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Malysheva, Aleksandra
name: Kudenko, Daniel
name: Shpilman, Aleksei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over recent years, deep reinforcement learning has shown strong successes in complex single-agent tasks, and more recently this approach has also been applied to multi-agent domains. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, called MAGNet, to multi-agent reinforcement learning that utilizes a relevance graph representation of the environment obtained by a self-attention mechanism, and a message-generation technique. We applied our MAGnet approach to the synthetic predator-prey multi-agent environment and the Pommerman game and the results show that it significantly outperforms state-of-the-art MARL solutions, including Multi-agent Deep Q-Networks (MADQN), Multi-agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (MADDPG), and QMIX
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1811.12557
A new pilot-wave model for quantum field theory
Creators: name: Struyve, W.
name: Westman, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a way to construct a pilot-wave model for quantum field theory. The idea is to introduce beables corresponding only to the bosonic degrees of freedom and not to the fermionic degrees of freedom of the quantum state. We illustrate this idea for quantum electrodynamics. The beables will be field beables corresponding to the electromagnetic field and they will be introduced in a similar way to that of Bohm's model for the free electromagnetic field. Our approach is analogous to the situation in non-relativistic quantum theory, where Bell treated spin not as a beable but only as a property of the wavefunction.
description: 21 pages, no figures, LaTex, talk given at the conference "On the present status of quantum mechanics", 7-9 September, 2005, Mali Losinj, Croatia
Analyzing soil moisture and runoff variability in the Manitou Springs Experimental Forest
Creators: name: Tahchawwickah Butler, Chahta
name: Gochis, David
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: hydrologic controls
ecosystem behavior
ponderosa pine
seasonal forest fires
precipitation
GIS

Hydrologic controls on ecosystem behavior (e.g. rainfall, runoff, infiltration, and soil moisture variability) have yet to be determined within the Trout Creek Watershed, located within the Manitou Springs Experimental Forest. Determining the major hydrological components and how they influence this Ponderosa Pine ecosystem is the primary goal of this project. Validity of these components may determine how susceptible the Ponderosa Pine ecosystem will be during seasonal forest fires or storm events. Data collected in this area is used to determine the amount of rainfall, interception, runoff variability, and infiltration that influences moisture availability. Precipitation was recorded using tipping bucket rain gauges to estimate hydrologic inputs within a one square kilometer area. Precipitation measurements included both open and under-canopy rainfall events in eleven specific sites, which determine the amount of interception that occurs over time. Independent measurements of soil infiltration, soil moisture and soil temperature will also be made. These measurements will be combined in a GIS database in order to quantify the major components of the hydrological cycle that control ecosystem behavior. Preliminary results suggest that during dry summer seasons, precipitation and canopy interception are major hydrological components in this ecosystem. It can be suggested that destruction or removal of the Ponderosa Pin canopy will have significant impact on the ecosystem.
Short-term daily precipitation forecasting with seasonally-integrated autoencoder
Creators: name: Ponnoprat, Donlapark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Short-term precipitation forecasting is essential for planning of human activities in multiple scales, ranging from individuals' planning, urban management to flood prevention. Yet the short-term atmospheric dynamics are highly nonlinear that it cannot be easily captured with classical time series models. On the other hand, deep learning models are good at learning nonlinear interactions, but they are not designed to deal with the seasonality in time series. In this study, we aim to develop a forecasting model that can both handle the nonlinearities and detect the seasonality hidden within the daily precipitation data. To this end, we propose a seasonally-integrated autoencoder (SSAE) consisting of two long short-term memory (LSTM) autoencoders: one for learning short-term dynamics, and the other for learning the seasonality in the time series. Our experimental results show that not only does the SSAE outperform various time series models regardless of the climate type, but it also has low output variance compared to other deep learning models. The results also show that the seasonal component of the SSAE helped improve the correlation between the forecast and the actual values from 4% at horizon 1 to 37% at horizon 3.
description: 35 pages, 13 figures
Case Study of 4(f) Litigation/Rulings
Creators: name: O'Connell, Lenahan
name: Hopwood, Theodore
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This study addresses issues related to compliance with Section 4(f). It produced two deliverables: 1) a guidance manual to assist Cabinet personnel in the assessment and handling of projects that encounter 4(f) properties; and 2) a review of court cases to establish the standards used by the courts when evaluating a Section 4(f) situation. The latter is an appendix to the guidance manual. By referring to the manual Cabinet employees will be to: 1) Conduct an assessment of proposed alternatives to evaluate prudence and feasibility of a proposed project alternative; 2) Prepare 4(f) documentation to justify the taking of protected property; 3) Apply context-sensitive design principles to mitigate impacts and stakeholder concerns; 4) Identify potential 4(f) involvement on private properties; 5) Identify mitigation measures to minimize potential harm to 4(f) resources; 6) Develop a decision-making process where 4(f) impacts are unavoidable–the latter based on judicial rulings arising from 4(f) litigation; 7) Develop strategies to ensure implementation of 4(f) mitigation/ project commitments.  The guidance manual and annotated list of court cases were converted to Adobe Acrobat® format (Ver. 6.0). These provided a linkage function so users can navigate from the Table of Contents to both the Guidance Manual and the references in the Annotated List.
A Template-Based Approach to the Photometric Classification of SN 1991bg-like Supernovae in the SDSS-II Supernova Survey
Creators: name: Perrefort, Daniel
name: Zhang, Yike
name: Galbany, Lluís
name: Wood-Vasey, W. M.
name: González-Gaitán, Santiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) to measure cosmological parameters has grown significantly over the past two decades. However, there exists a significant diversity in the SN Ia population that is not well understood. Over-luminous SN 1991T-like and sub-luminous SN 1991bg-like objects are two characteristic examples of peculiar SNe. The identification and classification of such objects is an important step in studying what makes them unique from the remaining SN population. With the upcoming Vera C. Rubin Observatory promising on the order of a million new SNe over a ten-year survey, spectroscopic classifications will be possible for only a small subset of observed targets. As such, photometric classification has become an increasingly important concern in preparing for the next generation of astronomical surveys. Using observations from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II (SDSS-II) SN Survey, we apply here an empirically based classification technique targeted at the identification of SN 1991bg-like SNe in photometric data sets. By performing dedicated fits to photometric data in the rest-frame redder and bluer bandpasses, we classify 16 previously unidentified 91bg-like SNe. Using SDSS-II host-galaxy measurements, we find that these SNe are preferentially found in host galaxies having an older average stellar age than the hosts of normal SNe Ia. We also find that these SNe are found at a further physical distance from the center of their host galaxies. We find no statistically significant bias in host galaxy mass or specific star formation rate for these targets.
Study of two-dimensional electron systems in the renormalized-ring-diagram approximation
Creators: name: Yan, Xin-Zhong
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a super-high-efficient numerical algorithm, we are able to self-consistently calculate the Green's function in the renormalized-ring-diagram approximation for a two-dimensional electron system with long-range Coulomb interactions. The obtained ground-state energy is found to be in excellent agreement with that of the Monte Carlo simulation. The numerical results of the self-energy, the effective mass, the distribution function, and the renormalization factor of the Green's function for the coupling constants in the range $0 \le r_s \le 30$ are also presented.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Foreseen impact of climate change on temporary ponds located along a latitudinal gradient in Morocco
Creators: name: Grillas, Patrick
name: Rhazi, Laila
name: Lefebvre, Gaëtan
name: Madihi, Mohammed El
name: Poulin, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Wetlands have been declining worldwide, with an estimated 64–71% loss over the last century. Climate change is increasing pressure on wetlands, affecting their hydrology, and Mediterranean temporary ponds could be particularly vulnerable to these changes. We studied the expected changes in hydrology and plant community according to climatic change scenarios in 18 temporary ponds distributed in 6 areas along a latitudinal and climatic gradient in Morocco (750 km; 4° latitudinal gradient). Richness of pond species was significantly correlated with water level and pond hydroperiod and showed a strong decline from north to south along with increased water stress. Using the Mar-O-Sel software (mar-o-sel.net), we simulated the future evolution of water balance and wetland hydroperiod (duration and frequency of flooding) in these ponds for mid- and late-21st century. Climate projections were estimated based on 2 Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios assuming a stabilization (RCP4.5) or increase (RCP8.5) in greenhouse gas emissions. The mean water deficit of the ponds currently ranges between −1380 and −1812 mm/yr and would increase by 16–67% in 2100 under the RCP8.5 scenarios. Pond richness is expected to decrease by 8–15 species in 2100, depending on area, as a result of shorter projected hydroperiods. Severity of change was not related to location of the ponds along the latitudinal (aridity) gradient, but rather to the interaction between the size of their catchment area and the thickness of the permeable soil layer.
Trigonometric parallax and proper motion of Sagittarius A* measured by VERA using the new broad-band back-end system OCTAVE-DAS
Creators: name: Oyama, Tomoaki
name: Nagayama, Takumi
name: Yamauchi, Aya
name: Sakai, Daisuke
name: Imai, Hiroshi
name: Honma, Mareki
name: Asakura, Yu
name: Hada, Kazuhiro
name: Hagiwara, Yoshiaki
name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Jike, Takaaki
name: Kono, Yusuke
name: Suzuki, Syunsaku
name: Kobayashi, Hideyuki
name: Kawaguchi, Noriyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We successfully measured the trigonometric parallax of Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) to be $117\pm17$ micro-arcseconds ($μ$as) using the VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry (VERA) with the newly developed broad-band signal-processing system named OCTAVE-DAS. The measured parallax corresponds to a Galactocentric distance at the Sun of $R_0 = 8.5^{+1.5}_{-1.1}$ kpc. By combining the astrometric results with VERA and the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) over a monitoring period of 25 years, the proper motion of Sgr A* is obtained to be $(μ_α, μ_δ) = (-3.133\pm0.003, -5.575\pm0.005)$ mas yr$^{-1}$ in equatorial coordinates, corresponding to $(μ_l, μ_b) = (-6.391\pm0.005, -0.230\pm0.004)$ mas yr$^{-1}$ in Galactic coordinates. This gives an angular orbital velocity of the Sun of $Ω_\odot = 30.30 \pm 0.02$ km s$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-1}$. We find upper limits to the core wander, $Δθ< 0.20$ mas (1.6 AU), peculiar motion, $Δμ< 0.10$ mas yr$^{-1}$ (3.7 km s$^{-1}$), and acceleration, $a < 2.6$ $μ$as yr$^{-2}$ (0.10 km s$^{-1}$ yr$^{-1}$) for Sgr A*. Thus, we obtained upper mass limits of $\approx$ 3 $\times$ 10$^{4}$$M_{\odot}$ and $\approx$ 3 $\times$ 10$^{3}$$M_{\odot}$ for the supposed intermediate-mass black holes at 0.1 and 0.01 pc from the Galactic center, respectively.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
Rubrioxytricha haematoplasma Berger 1999
Creators: name: Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto
name: Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso
name: Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Rubrioxytricha haematoplasma (Blatterer & Foissner, 1990) Berger, 1999
Distribution. BRAZIL: Paraná River between the Nupelia’s Field Station and the district of Porto São José, São Pedro do Paraná [recorded as Oxytricha haematoplasma], (Buosi et al. 2014 b, 2015), (Ad).
description: Published as part of Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto, Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso & Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-, 2020, Checklist of ciliates (Alveolata: Ciliophora) that inhabit in bromeliads from the Neotropical Region, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4895 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4321437
Identification of Test Structures for Reduced Order Modeling of the Squeeze Film Damping in Mems
Creators: name: Soma, A.
name: De Pasquale, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this study the dynamic behaviour of perforated microplates oscillating under the effect of squeeze film damping is analyzed. A numerical approach is adopted to predict the effects of damping and stiffness transferred from the surrounding ambient air to oscillating structures ; the effect of hole's cross section and plate's extension is observed. Results obtained by F.E.M. models are compared with experimental measurements performed by an optical interferometric microscope.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
A construct of overlapping yeast artificial chromosomes spanning a seven centimorgan region of human chromosome 8p22
Creators: name: Everson, Ted
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: An important goal of the Human Genome Project is the physical mapping of the human genome. This thesis describes the preparation of a set of overlapping yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs), spanning approximately a 7 centiMorgan (cM) region of chromosome 8p22, delimited distally by D8S550 and proximally by D8S552. This set of overlapping YACs, or YAC contig, is a useful contribution to the human genome physical map. It will have valuable applications for the identification of sequence ready clones and for the detection of disease genes that may be mapped to 8p22. To construct the YAC contig, the Whitehead Institute/ Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Center for Genome Research genomic database was searched for YACs containing markers that were previously localized to the region of interest. A singly-linked contig, WC8»1, was found, which identifies a set of 62 overlapping YACs within this region. Database information for these YACs was examined in order to exclude from analysis any YACs for which significant evidence of chimaerism was available. A subset of YACs was chosen for further analysis; these included eight YACs with no evidence for chimaerism, and two YACs with relatively weak evidence for chimaerism. DNA sequence from the insert ends (terminal sequence) of a number of these YACs was isolated by a modified bubble PCR protocol (Riley et al.,1990), a procedure that amplifies terminal sequences. These sequences were then used to develop new markers for the region. PCR was performed, using selected markers from WC8«1 and the new markers designed from terminal sequences. PCR amplification of markers in the set of ten YACs resulted in the identification of overlapping YACs, forming a contig that completely spanned the region of interest. In addition, terminal sequences from YAC 729el2 were found to be highly similar to the murine guanine nucleotide release factor 2 (GRF2) gene; a marker designed from this sequence was amplified in a human chromosome 5 somatic cell hybrid, localizing this putative human gene to chromosome 5.
Propagation of precipitating trade wind cumulus clouds using detailed radar images from the RICO Project
Creators: name: Villanueva-Birriel, Cecille
name: Knight, Charles
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: ground-based S-band
weather radar
GAUS
radar reflectivity
Doppler velocities
RICO campaign
Caribbean

The propagation of a precipitating trade wind cumulus cloud was documented by a ground-based S-band weather radar combined with data from the GPS Advanced Upper-air Sounding (GAUS) system on January 19, 2005. Radar reflectivity and Doppler velocities were compared with GAUS soundings to study how the second cloud formed during the RICO campaign in the Caribbean. The role of latent heat during condensation in maintaining updrafts from cloud formation is well understood, but this work studies how the updraft is initiated during cloud formation over the ocean. A potential cause of updrafts over the ocean is outflow from nearby clouds with downdrafts. Surface convergence at the edge of this outflow may then initiate new updrafts very close to the old one, but the January 18-19 GAUS soundings showed little potential for evaporative cooling which is the main cause of downdrafts. Further, the Doppler velocities recorded by the radar showed no surface outflow on the low-angle scans. And in many of the radar studies in the RICO project, cloud formation is typically not associated with outflow, so another explanation is needed. The RICO data often showed a new cloud forming in proximity to an existing cloud. In the cloud pair documented on January 18-19, 2005, a second cloud formed near an existing cloud, and we deduced that winds rising over the first cloud created the updraft that formed the second cloud. This obstacle flow is similar to orographic lift that occurs on land. Wind rising above strong updrafts over the ocean may be the mechanism that produces the uplift needed to form new cumulus clouds.
Application of the statistical theory of extreme values to heat waves
Creators: name: Walter, Marcus
name: Katz, Richard
name: Gilleland, Eric
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2008
Subjects: extreme events
impacts on society
analysis and modeling

Heat waves can have devastating impacts on society, but a current weakness with the analysis and modeling of heat waves is the negligible use of the Statistical Theory of Extreme Values. This is a branch of statistics more appropriate for studying extreme events such as heat waves, floods, etc. For this study, EVT was used to develop methods for analyzing heat waves and their characteristics (frequency, intensity, duration, etc.). This analysis was performed using temperature data from Phoenix, AZ and Fort Collins, CO. This study signaled how Statistical Theory of Extreme Values can be applied to model certain features of heat waves. Results from the analysis showed an increase in the summer highest temperature and in the number of heat waves per year for both cities. This study also explored other characteristics of heat waves (heat wave duration and individual maximum temperatures within heat waves), indicating how the extreme value approach would need to be extended to fully model all features of heat waves. The results show there hasnât been a significant change in the intensity or duration of heat waves for either city. The results as well descriptively imply a temperature dependence of daily temperatures within a heat wave for both cities. More reliable quantification of return levels for severe heat waves, including any trends in their characteristics, and other extreme events involving spells will be achieved with the continual development and future use of these methods.