cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ СТАБИЛЬНОСТИ ВИТАМИНА А В РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫХ МАСЛАХ
Creators: name: БУТОВА СВЕТЛАНА НИКОЛАЕВНА
name: НИКОЛАЕВА ЮЛИЯ ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
name: НЕЧАЕВ АЛЕКСЕЙ ПЕТРОВИЧ
name: ТХОРЖЕВСКАЯ КРИСТИНА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: ВИТАМИН А
ОБЛЕПИХОВОЕ МАСЛО
ОКИСЛИТЕЛЬНАЯ СТАБИЛЬНОСТЬ
РАСТИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МАСЛА

description: Для нормального функционирования организма недостаточно поступления с питанием белков, жиров, углеводов, а также воды и минеральных солей. Среди прочего в рационе должны присутствовать еще биологически активные вещества - витамины. Они составляют отдельную группу органических веществ, не имеющих энергетического значения, но, подобно ферментам и гормонам, проявляющих значительную физиологическую активность. Витамин А играет значительную роль в функционировании организма: при его недостатке в пище задерживается рост молодого организма, ослабляется его устойчивость к инфекционным заболеваниям, ухудшается заживление ран, теряется способность видеть в сумерках («куриная слепота»). Как растворимый в жирах, витамин А в достаточном количестве находится в сливочном масле, молоке, печени, яичном желтке, почках, рыбьем жире. Изучение стабильности масляного раствора витамина А - актуальная задача. При этом важными параметрами являются применяемое растительное масло и концентрация витамина А в масляном растворе. В ходе эксперимента подобраны стабилизаторы для витамина А в масляных растворах. Изучены физико-химические показатели растительных масел (кислотное число, перекисное число) и их влияние на витамин А. Статья написана по результатам научных исследований, проводимых в рамках Государственного задания ФГБОУ ВО «МГУПП» на 2017-2019 гг. по теме 14.7404.2017 / БЧ «Научные и прикладные основы применения традиционного и нетрадиционного растительного сырья и вторичных продуктов его переработки (плодово-ягодного, зернового, бобового, масличного, эфирно-масличного, трав) в технологии специализированных продуктов пищевой промышленности, косметологии и фармацевтики».
Schema Free Interface And the Analysis of Semantic Datasets
Creators: name: Vyavahare, Swati
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Analysis
Intuitive Interface
Lucene
Schema Free
Semantic Datasets
Semantic Web

description: DBpedia  is a project aiming to extract structured content from the information created as part of the Wikipedia. DBpedia extracts factual information from Wikipedia  pages, allowing users to find answers to questions where the information is spread across many different Wikipedia articles. This information is present in the form of RDF data that is accessed using SPARQL query language thus making it difficult for naive users to retrieve the contents from the semantic datasets available over the web like DBpedia. The schema free querying approach allows users to search information from a single semantic dataset without querying the dataset with Sparql queries. It would be convenient if we provide an interactive interface to naive users for accessing this semantic data. To achieve this, we have a schema free interface where users can insert their search query in the form of nodes and links between nodes. This interface will further sort the available semantic datasets to find the most relevant datasets to be provided to the `Schema free querying of semantic data' system. The Lucene Api implemented in Java is being used for the quick indexing and  searching of the big datasets like DBpedia, DBLP, LinkedMDB to find the most relevant datasets for the user query.
Personal agency in employment groups
Creators: name: Ross, Stanley A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of viewing employment group programs as processes of enhancing personal agency. Personal causation theory (deCharms, 1976) was used to operationalize the concept of personal agency. Two questions were investigated. First, does personal agency increase in individuals after participating in employment groups? Second, how do the outcomes derived from employment groups compare to deCharms' conditions for developing personal agency? Twenty-seven unemployed or underemployed participants from three different programs were interviewed to elicit anecdotal stories from their experience before and after the program, and to collect helpful and hindering factors using the Critical Incident Technique. The Origin Scoring System was used to rate the stories yielding pre- and post-program scores for each participant. A 2-factor analysis of variance with repeated measures revealed a strong treatment effect (p<.001) with no group effect, suggesting a significant increase in personal agency in the three groups represented. A sorting of critical incident outcomes demonstrated that deCharms1 conditions for developing personal agency are valid with employment groups but six additional conditions were required to complete the sorting. Other findings suggested the presence of out-of-program experiences complementing or detracting from the program, the fundamental importance of supportive interactions among group members, the need for the balanced use of both task- oriented and supportive components in a program, and skills identification as the most valued aspect of self-assessment. The findings suggest that personal agency may be a useful organizing principle for guiding theory, research and practice in employment and career counselling.
A New Full 3-D Model of Cosmogenic Tritium $^3$H Production in the Atmosphere (CRAC:3H)
Creators: name: Poluianov, S. V.
name: Kovaltsov, G. A.
name: Usoskin, I. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new model of cosmogenic tritium ($^3$H) production in the atmosphere is presented. The model belongs to the CRAC (Cosmic-Ray Atmospheric Cascade) family and is named as CRAC:3H. It is based on a full Monte-Carlo simulation of the cosmic-ray induced atmospheric cascade using the Geant4 toolkit. The CRAC:3H model is able, for the first time, to compute tritium production at any location and time, for any given energy spectrum of the primary incident cosmic ray particles, explicitly treating, also for the first time, particles heavier than protons. This model provides a useful tool for the use of $^3$H as a tracer of atmospheric and hydrological circulation. A numerical recipe for practical use of the model is appended.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ СУБЛИМИРОВАННОГО ПОРОШКА БРУСНИКИ ПРИ ИЗГОТОВЛЕНИИ МУЧНЫХ КОНДИТЕРСКИХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ
Creators: name: АЛЕКСЕЕНКО ЕЛЕНА ВИКТОРОВНА
name: БЫСТРОВА ЕКАТЕРИНА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА
name: БАКУМЕНКО ОЛЕСЯ ЕВГЕНЬЕВНА
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: ОРГАНОЛЕПТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ
ПЕСОЧНЫЙ ТОРТ
ПИРОГ АРАХИСОВЫЙ
ПИЩЕВАЯ ЦЕННОСТЬ СУБЛИМИРОВАННЫЙ ПОРОШОК БРУСНИКИ

description: Существенный вклад в развитие технологий кондитерских изделий вносят плодово-ягодное сырье и продукты его переработки, применение которых в рецептурах традиционных кондитерских изделий все чаще завоевывает доверие и популярность среди потребителей, обеспечивает ожидаемый сенсорный профиль продукта и обогащение его природными витаминами, минеральными веществами, минорными компонентами. Цель настоящих исследований - применение сублимированного порошка ягод брусники при изготовлении мучных кондитерских изделий и оценка влияния натурального сырьевого ингредиента на органолептические показатели и пищевую ценность готовых изделий. Проведена опытно-промышленная апробация производства пирога арахисового «Орешник» и песочного торта «Творожник» с применением сублимированного порошка ягод брусники. Сублимированный порошок брусники использовали в составе рецептур тестового полуфабриката и творожной основы. Показано, что внесение сублимированного порошка брусники в рецептуру мучных кондитерских изделий обуславливает высокие органолептические показатели - приятный цвет, гармоничный вкус - и позволяет повысить пищевую ценность готовых изделий по содержанию природных компонентов, эссенциальных и минорных биологически активных веществ. Показано, что в 100 г разработанных изделий содержание пищевых волокон и витамина С составляет 3,3-5 % и 8,3-8,7 % от рекомендуемого уровня суточного потребления, а флавоноидов (в пересчете на флавоны, флавонолы, антоцианы, катехины) 28,7-37,7 %, в том числе катехинов 2,1-2,8 %. Разработаны рецептуры на новые виды пирога «Орешник» и торта «Творожник» с использованием сублимированного порошка ягод брусники.
Letter from the Manager of the Royal Bank of Canada in Vernon, B.C., to the Rainbow Ranche, May 4th, 1909
Creators: name: Canada, Royal Bank Of
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to the Rainbow Ranche from the manager of the Royal Bank in Vernon, B.C., dated May 4th, 1909, regarding receiving cheque in favour of M.J. Henry for $69.66.
Gauge Coupling Unification, SUSY Scale and Strong Coupling Running
Creators: name: Bourilkov, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The apparent unification of gauge couplings around 10^16 GeV is one of the strong arguments in favor of Supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model (SM). In this contribution two new analyses of the gauge coupling running, the latter using in contrast to previous studies not data at the Z peak but at LEP2 energies, are presented. The generic SUSY scale in the more precise novel approach is 93 < M_SUSY < 183 GeV, easily within LHC, and possibly even within Tevatron reach.
description: 3 pages, 1 table, 2 figures; presented at PANIC05, Particles and Nuclei International Conference, Santa Fe, New Mexico, October 24-28, 2005
Welfare Recidivism in Maryland: Does Child Support Make a Difference?
Creators: name: Hall, Lauren Ashley
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Child Support
Recidivism
TANF
Welfare

description: The purpose of this study is to identify associations between returns to welfare and the receipt of child support in Maryland. The sample used was limited to women who had a child under the age of 18 at the time of exit and current child support due during the three years after exit. The final sample was 42,234 welfare exits. Results suggest a significant association between receipt of child support and remaining off of welfare as well as the importance of the amount of child support received. Several limitations of this study and directions for future research are discussed.
Chemical nitrogen fractionation in dense molecular clouds
Creators: name: Loison, Jean-Christophe
name: Wakelam, Valentine
name: Gratier, Pierre
name: Hickson, Kevin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nitrogen-bearing molecules display variable isotopic fractionation levels in different astronomical environments such as in the interstellar medium or in the Solar System. Models of interstellar chemistry are unable to induce nitrogen fraction in cold molecular clouds as exchange reactions for 15N are mostly inefficient. Here, we developed a new gas-grain model for nitrogen fractionation including a thorough search for new nitrogen fractionation reactions and a realistic description of atom depletion onto interstellar dust particles. We show that, while dense molecular cloud gas-phase chemistry alone leads to very low fractionation, 14N atoms are preferentially depleted from the gas-phase due to a mass dependent grain surface sticking rate for atomic nitrogen. However, assuming an elementary 14N/15N ratio of 441 (equal to the solar wind value), our model leads to only low 15N enrichment for all N-containing species synthesized in the gas-phase with predicted 14N/15N ratios in the range 360-400. Higher enrichment levels can neither be explained by this mechanism, nor through chemistry, with two possible explanations. (I) The elementary 14N/15N ratio in the local ISM is smaller, as suggested by the recent work of Romano et al, with an hypothetic 15NNH+ and 15NNH+ depletion due to variation of the electronic recombination rate constant variation with the isotopes. (II) N2 photodissociation leads to variable nitrogen fractionation in diffuse molecular clouds where photons play an important role, which is conserved during dense molecular cloud formation as suggested by the work of Furuya & Aikawa.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
The Effectiveness of Street Sweeping and Bioretention in Reducing Pollutants in Stormwater
Creators: name: DiBlasi, Catherine
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Engineering, Environmental(0775)
Engineering, Civil(0543)
Environmental Sciences(0768)
stormwater runoff
best management practice
street sweeping
bioretention
PAH
nutrients

description: Research has shown that a great majority of pollutants in urban stormwater are strongly associated with particulate matter. Therefore, the effectiveness of a stormwater best management practice (BMP) is largely dependent on its ability to reduce suspended solids in stormwater. Both street sweeping and bioretention have the potential to decrease stormwater suspended solid loads. Field investigations were performed in this research to evaluate the effectiveness of these two BMPs. A paired-catchment study in an urban watershed of Baltimore, Maryland was performed to physically and chemically characterize street particulate matter (<5>mm) and determine the effectiveness of street sweeping in reducing nutrients and metals in stormwater. Swept streets had 75% lower street particulate matter loadings than an unswept street and material on swept streets also contained 70% less lead (54-58 mg/kg) than material from an unswept street (185 mg/kg). No significant changes in stormwater quality were observed due to changes in street sweeping intensity and frequency in the paired catchments. Research has shown that a great majority of pollutants in urban stormwater are strongly associated with particulate matter. Therefore, the effectiveness of a stormwater best management practice (BMP) is largely dependent on its ability to reduce suspended solids in stormwater. Both street sweeping and bioretention have the potential to decrease stormwater suspended solid loads. Field investigations were performed in this research to evaluate the effectiveness of these two BMPs. A paired-catchment study in an urban watershed of Baltimore, Maryland was performed to physically and chemically characterize street particulate matter (<5>mm) and determine the effectiveness of street sweeping in reducing nutrients and metals in stormwater. Swept streets had 75% lower street particulate matter loadings than an unswept street and material on swept streets also contained 70% less lead (54-58 mg/kg) than material from an unswept street (185 mg/kg). No significant changes in stormwater quality were observed due to changes in street sweeping intensity and frequency in the paired catchments.
Kaggle forecasting competitions: An overlooked learning opportunity
Creators: name: Bojer, Casper Solheim
name: Meldgaard, Jens Peder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Competitions play an invaluable role in the field of forecasting, as exemplified through the recent M4 competition. The competition received attention from both academics and practitioners and sparked discussions around the representativeness of the data for business forecasting. Several competitions featuring real-life business forecasting tasks on the Kaggle platform has, however, been largely ignored by the academic community. We believe the learnings from these competitions have much to offer to the forecasting community and provide a review of the results from six Kaggle competitions. We find that most of the Kaggle datasets are characterized by higher intermittence and entropy than the M-competitions and that global ensemble models tend to outperform local single models. Furthermore, we find the strong performance of gradient boosted decision trees, increasing success of neural networks for forecasting, and a variety of techniques for adapting machine learning models to the forecasting task.
Statistics of 3-dimensional Lagrangian turbulence
Creators: name: Beck, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a superstatistical dynamical model for the 3-d movement of a Lagrangian tracer particle embedded in a high-Reynolds number turbulent flow. The analytical model predictions are in excellent agreement with recent experimental data for flow between counter-rotating disks. In particular, we calculate the Lagrangian scaling exponents zeta_j for our system, and show that they agree well with the measured exponents reported in [X. Hu et al., PRL 96, 114503 (2006)]. Moreover, the model correctly predicts the shape of velocity difference and acceleration probability densities, the fast decay of component correlation functions and the slow decay of the modulus, as well as the statistical dependence between acceleration components. Finally, the model explains the numerically [P.K. Yeung and S.B. Pope, J. Fluid Mech. 207, 531 (1989)] and experimentally observed fact [B.W. Zeff et al., Nature 421, 146 (2003)] that enstrophy lags behind dissipation.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Replaced by final version accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
Photometric redshifts in the SWIRE Survey
Creators: name: Rowan-Robinson, Michael
name: Babbedge, Tom
name: Oliver, Seb
name: Trichas, Markos
name: Berta, Stefano
name: Lonsdale, Carol
name: Smith, Gene
name: Shupe, David
name: Surace, Jason
name: Arnouts, Stephane
name: LeFevre, Olivier
name: Afonso-Luis, Alejandro
name: Perez-Fournon, Ismael
name: Hatziminaoglou, Evanthia
name: Polletta, Maria
name: Farrah, Duncan
name: Vaccari, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the SWIRE Photometric Redshift Catalogue, 1025119 redshifts of unprecedented reliability and accuracy. Our method is based on fixed galaxy and QSO templates applied to data at 0.36-4.5 mu, and on a set of 4 infrared emission templates fitted to infrared excess data at 3.6-170 mu. The code involves two passes through the data, to try to optimize recognition of AGN dust tori. A few carefully justified priors are used and are the key to supression of outliers. Extinction, A_V, is allowed as a free parameter. We use a set of 5982 spectroscopic redshifts, taken from the literature and from our own spectroscopic surveys, to analyze the performance of our method as a function of the number of photometric bands used in the solution and the reduced chi^2. For 7 photometric bands the rms value of (z_{phot}-z_{spec})/(1+z_{spec}) is 3.5%, and the percentage of catastrophic outliers is ~1%. We discuss the redshift distributions at 3.6 and 24 mu. In individual fields, structure in the redshift distribution corresponds to clusters which can be seen in the spectroscopic redshift distribution. 10% of sources in the SWIRE photometric redshift catalogue have z >2, and 4% have z>3, so this catalogue is a huge resource for high redshift galaxies. A key parameter for understanding the evolutionary status of infrared galaxies is L_{ir}/L_{opt}, which can be interpreted as the specific star-formation rate for starbursts. For dust tori around Type 1 AGN, L_{tor}/L_{opt} is a measure of the torus covering factor and we deduce a mean covering factor of 40%.
description: 22 pages, 23 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Revised 28/2/08. Version with figures at full resolution at http://astro.ic.ac.uk/~mrr/swirephotzcat/swirephotz5.pdf.gz
Ring-Expanded Nucleobases, Nucleosides, and Nucleotides as Antiviral Agents
Creators: name: Zhang, Peng
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: Chemistry, Organic (0490)
Chemistry, Biochemistry (0487)
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical (0491)

description: This dissertation work is a continuation of efforts in this lab to explore broad spectrum antiviral agents containing ring-expanded (""fat"") heterocyclic bases, nucleosides, and nucleotides.  The specific viral targets of my work are (a) the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), (b) the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), (c) the West Nile Virus (WNV) and (d) the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), the latter two of which belong to the same family of viruses called Flaviviridae. The specific ring systems that are targeted in this work include (a) imidazo[4,5-e][1,3]diazepine-4,8-dione (I), (b) imidazo[4,5- e][1,2,4]triazepine-5,8-dione (II), and (c) imidazo[4,5-e][1,3]diazepine-4-one (III), containing a variety of halogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, ribosyl or 2'-deoxyribosyl substituents at 1-, 2-, and 6- (I & III) or 1-, 2-, and 7- (II) positions of the heterocyclic rings:; The entire work is divided into two parts:; Part A: Medicinal Chemistry: This includes organic synthesis, antiviral screening, and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies.  In this regard, I mainly focused on the little-explored 2-position of ring systems I and II.  The potential biological rewards of ring system III, on the other hand, are yet uncertain.  The research with this new ring system has nevertheless thrown more light on its little-known chemistry and physicochemical properties.; Part B: Biochemistry: This part deals with biochemical investigations of the mechanism of activity of a few potent antiviral compounds discovered in Part A.  Specifically, my work is focused on investigating the effect of introducing ""fat"" nucleotides (fNs) into developing nucleic acid chains during transcription catalyzed by a polymerase.  Employing various synthetic oligos incorporated with fNs and a polymerase (Klenow exo+/exo- fragments), we discovered that dATP, dGTP, or dCTP can be incorporated in a complementary strand against an fN in a reference strand, but the incorporation was not as efficient as with a reference strand containing natural nucleotides.;     In order to explore the stability of DNA duplexes incorporated with ""fat"" nucleotides, we also performed DNA melting experiments using different oligonucleotides incorporated with fNs.  The highest duplex stability Tm was observed with a C in the complementary strand against an fN in the reference strand.
Visualization the electrostatic potential energy map of graphene quantum dots
Creators: name: Setianto, Setianto
name: Men, Liu Kin
name: Panatarani, Camellia
name: Joni, I Made
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) represent single layers up to dozens of graphene layers smaller than 30 nm. GQDs are newish molecules that have aroused great interest in research because of their exceptional and manageable optical, electrical, chemical, and structural properties. In this work, we report electrostatic potential energy maps, or molecular electrostatic potential surfaces, illustrate the charge distributions of GQDs three-dimensionally. Knowledge of the charge distributions can be used to determine how GQDs interact with one another. To analyze the distribution of molecular charges accurately, a large number of electrostatic potential energy values must be calculated. The best way to transmit these data is to visualize them as in the electrostatic potential map. A ZINDO semi-empirical quantum chemistry method then imposes the calculated data onto an electron density model of the GQDs derived from the Schrödinger equation. To make the electrostatic potential energy data of GQDs easy to interpret, a color spectrum, with red as the lowest electrostatic potential energy value and blue as the highest, is employed to convey the varying intensities of the electrostatic potential energy values. The results of the four GQD models suggest that the energy of the ionization potential lies in a range of -7.20 eV to -5.31 eV and the electron affinity is -2.65 to -0.24 eV.
description: 2nd International Conference and Exhibition on Powder Technology (ICePTi) 2019
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ЭКСТРАГИРОВАНИЯ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫХ КОМПОНЕНТОВ ИЗ КЛУБНЕЙ ЧУФЫ
Creators: name: ЧУСОВА АЛЛА ЕВГЕНЬЕВНА
name: ЖАРКОВА ИРИНА МИХАЙЛОВНА
name: АГАФОНОВ ГЕННАДИЙ ВЯЧЕСЛАВОВИЧ
name: САПУНОВА ЕКАТЕРИНА СЕРГЕЕВНА
name: ТИХОНОВА МАРИЯ ЮРЬЕВНА
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫЕ КОМПОНЕНТЫ
БЕЛКИ
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКИЕ МЕТОДЫ
МИНЕРАЛЬНЫЕ ВЕЩЕСТВА
ЧУФА

description: Нетрадиционное для производства безалкогольных напитков растительное сырье - чуфа - не содержит глютена и богато минеральными веществами. Альбумины являются основной белковой фракцией клубней чуфы (82,23-91,93 %), тогда как на долю глобулинов, проламинов и глютелинов суммарно приходится около 3,0-7,5 %. Получение из этого растительного сырья экстракта обеспечивает возможность регулирования потребления организмом человека жизненно необходимых биологически активных компонентов и позволяет насытить продовольственный рынок напитками для различных категорий потребителей с алиментарно-зависимыми заболеваниями. Цель исследований - оптимизация параметров экстрагирования биологически активных компонентов из клубней чуфы. Работа выполнялась в Воронежском государственном университете инженерных технологий. Составляли матрицу планирования эксперимента. Для статистической обработки данных применяли центральное ротатабельное униформпланирование, которое позволяло в ходе 20 экспериментов в трехкратной повторности получать уравнения регрессии, адекватно описывающие процесс экстрагирования биологически активных компонентов из клубней чуфы в зависимости от следующих входных факторов: температуры процесса, pH и гидромодуля затора. Критерием оценки влияния выбранных факторов служили выходные параметры: количество белка и минеральных веществ в экстракте. Получили уравнения регрессии, их анализ позволяет выделить факторы, наиболее влияющие на экстрагирование биологически активных компонентов из клубней чуфы. Обращают на себя внимание значения коэффициентов квадратичных эффектов, что указывает на существенную нелинейность выходных параметров от рассматриваемых факторов. Показана численная и графическая оптимизация уровня входных факторов и получения соответствующих максимальных значений выходных параметров. Определены оптимальные интервалы входных факторов для достижения максимальных значений количества белка и минеральных веществ: температура процесса 35,3…38,9 °C; рН 6,98-7,08; гидромодуль 1:3,2-1:3,4. Применяя математические методы планирования эксперимента, можно прогнозировать количество биологически активных компонентов в экстракте из клубней чуфы.
PT-Symmetric Extension of the Korteweg-de Vries Equation
Creators: name: Bender, Carl M.
name: Brody, Dorje C.
name: Chen, Junhua
name: Furlan, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Korteweg-de Vries equation u_t+uu_x+u_{xxx}=0 is PT symmetric (invariant under space-time reflection). Therefore, it can be generalized and extended into the complex domain in such a way as to preserve the PT symmetry. The result is the family of complex nonlinear wave equations u_t-iu(i u_x)^epsilon+u_{xxx}=0, where epsilon is real. The features of these equations are discussed. Special attention is given to the epsilon=3 equation, for which conservation laws are derived and solitary waves are investigated.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Recoloring Web Pages For Color Vision Deficiency Users
Creators: name: Bansal, Vikas
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014

description: Color vision begins with the activation cone cells. When one of the cone cells dys- function, color vision deficiency (CVD) ensues. Due to CVD, users become unable to differentiate as many colors a normal person can. Lack of this ability results in less rich web experience, incomprehension of basic information and thus frustration. Solutions such as carefully choosing colors while designing or recolor web pages for CVD users exist. We first present the improvement in the time complexity of an existing tool SPRWeb[6] to re- color web pages. After that we present our tool, FBRecolor, which explores the foreground- background relationship between colors in a web page. Using this relationship we propose FBRecolor, which preserves naturalness, pair-differentiability and subjectivity. In the last part, we add an additional step in to FBRecolor to ensure that the contrast in the parsed color pairs meets the required W3C guidelines[5]. In evaluation, we found that FBRecolor does significantly better in preserving pair-differentiability and produces lower total cost solutions than SPRWeb. Quantitative experimentation of extension to FBRecolor shows that contrast ratio in each replacement pair is more than 4.5 as required for readability.
Real-Time Progressive Band Processing for Linear Spectral Unmixing and Endmember Extraction
Creators: name: Fisher, Kevin Daniel
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: band selection
endmember extraction
hyperspectral
image processing
linear unmixing

description: Hyperspectral imaging systems generate large volumes of data that contain the subtle yet critical knowledge their users need, if they are processed intelligently. Band selection algorithms attempt to separate image bands with high-quality information from those with irrelevant noise. They are a pre-processing filter applied before several other classes of algorithms to avoid the Hughes phenomenon, of diminishing (and even negative) returns caused by supplying those algorithms with too much data. Effective band selection enables real-time and band-progressive image processing algorithms. Real-time algorithms are ones that process image data at an equal or faster rate than it is acquired, analyzing one pixel before the next one arrives from the imaging device. Band-progressive algorithms process entire image subsets at once, then use the results to process a slightly modified subset with small numbers of bands added or removed. This dissertation develops three major technologies. Progressive Band Selection (PBS) is a method to select the most valuable bands of a hyperspectral image according to a changeable, application-specific criterion, and compose a reduced image subset. Real-time linear unmixing algorithms use bands from this subset to determine the abundance of physical materials in each pixel, where the materials are represented by their spectroscopic profile (spectra). This implies that material spectra data is separate from the image data, and the spectra are available before the image is acquired. However, band-progressive endmember extraction algorithms are designed to detect image pixels that represent pure material spectra, negating the need for a separate library. Each technology is described both from a theoretical standpoint and in terms of their practical implementation, and experiments are performed to demonstrate their value relative to the state of the art.
Velocity distribution of larger meteoroids and small asteroids impacting Earth
Creators: name: Drolshagen, Esther
name: Ott, Theresa
name: Koschny, Detlef
name: Drolshagen, Gerhard
name: Schmidt, Anna Kristiane
name: Poppe, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various meteor and fireball networks exist worldwide. Most data sets which include ground-based observational data of meteors are affected by biases. The larger and faster the entering meteoroid, the brighter is the produced meteor. Hence, small and slow objects often stay undetected. This bias of meteor observations towards faster meteoroids is a challenge if quantitative population and flux models are derived. In this work the velocity distribution of objects in space is analysed by using different data sets that are not affected by this velocity bias since they include only large objects, like the near-Earth object (NEO) risk list of ESA's (European Space Agency) SSA (Space Situational Awareness) near-Earth object Coordination Centre (NEOCC), and the fireballs in NASA's (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) CNEOS (Center for near-Earth object Studies) JPL (Jet Propulsion Laboratory) fireball database. Additionally, when only the largest objects recorded with the CILBO (Canary Island Long-Baseline Observatory) camera setup were analysed, a very similar distribution was shown. These velocity distributions are in good agreement with a widely used velocity distribution for smaller sporadic meteoroids in free space which was adopted as reference by the ECSS (European Cooperation for Space Standardisation) Space Environment Standard.
State tomography of capacitively shunted phase qubits with high fidelity
Creators: name: Steffen, Matthias
name: Ansmann, M.
name: McDermott, R.
name: Katz, N.
name: Bialczak, Radoslaw C.
name: Lucero, Erik
name: Neeley, Matthew
name: Weig, E. M.
name: Cleland, A. N.
name: Martinis, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new design concept for superconducting quantum bits (qubits) in which we explicitly separate the capacitive element from the Josephson tunnel junction for improved qubit performance. The number of two-level systems (TLS) that couple to the qubit is thereby reduced by an order of magnitude and the measurement fidelity improves to 90%. This improved design enables the first demonstration of quantum state tomography with superconducting qubits using single shot measurements.
description: submitted to PRL
Synaptic metaplasticity in binarized neural networks
Creators: name: Laborieux, Axel
name: Ernoult, Maxence
name: Hirtzlin, Tifenn
name: Querlioz, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unlike the brain, artificial neural networks, including state-of-the-art deep neural networks for computer vision, are subject to "catastrophic forgetting": they rapidly forget the previous task when trained on a new one. Neuroscience suggests that biological synapses avoid this issue through the process of synaptic consolidation and metaplasticity: the plasticity itself changes upon repeated synaptic events. In this work, we show that this concept of metaplasticity can be transferred to a particular type of deep neural networks, binarized neural networks, to reduce catastrophic forgetting.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
О ФЕРМЕНТАТИВНОЙ АТАКУЕМОСТИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ВИДОВ КРАХМАЛА
Creators: name: БОРОДИНА ЗИНАИДА МИХАЙЛОВНА
name: ЛУКИН НИКОЛАЙ ДМИТРИЕВИЧ
name: ПАПАХИН АЛЕКСАНДР АЛЕКСЕЕВИЧ
name: ГУЛАКОВА ВАЛЕНТИНА АНДРЕЕВНА
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: АМИЛОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ФЕРМЕНТЫ
ВИДЫ КРАХМАЛА
КЛЕЙСТЕРИЗОВАННЫЙ КРАХМАЛ
НАТИВНЫЙ
СТЕПЕНЬ ГИДРОЛИЗА КРАХМАЛА
ФЕРМЕНТАТИВНАЯ АТАКУЕМОСТЬ

description: Крахмалы, полученные из наиболее известных крахмалсодержащих растений, культивируемых в РФ, характеризовали по химическому составу, морфологии и некоторым физико-химическим свойствам и сравнивали по отношению к действию амилолитических ферментов, традиционно используемых в крахмалопаточном производстве при получении сахаристых крахмалопродуктов (альфа-амилаза, глюкоамилаза). Ферментативную атакуемость испытуемых крахмалов оценивали по накоплению редуцирующих веществ в процессе ферментативного гидролиза 1 %-ной суспензии крахмала в клейстеризованном или нативном состоянии до достижения максимальной степени гидролиза. Схемы опытов соответствовали традиционной технологической схеме получения глюкозы, включающей стадию клейстеризации и разжижения крахмала с использованием термостабильной бактериальной альфа-амилазы с последующим осахариванием в присутствии глюкоамилазы, а также разработанной во ВНИИК схеме низкотемпературного биокатализа (50…55 °С) нативного крахмала в присутствии глюкоамилазы с одновременным получением двух продуктов: глюкозного сиропа с ГЭ 98-99 % и модифицированного пористого крахмала. Установлено, что в процессе клейстеризации и разжижения крахмала наибольшую восприимчивость к действию альфа-амилазы проявляли овсяный и ячменный крахмалы (ГЭ = 25,6 % и 28,6 % соответственно), наименьшую - картофельный, ржаной, рисовый и гороховый (ГЭ = 18,7; 18,2; 18,3 %). Для кукурузного, обычного и амилопектинового, пшеничного и соргового крахмалов степень гидролиза при разжижении составила 20-22 %. Максимальная ферментативная атакуемость глюкоамилазой для всех испытуемых образцов крахмала в клейстеризованном состоянии составила 96,5±0,5 % в пересчете на СВ крахмала. При низкотемпературном биокатализе крахмала глюкоамилазой в неклейстеризованном состоянии максимальную атакуемость (ГЭ = 73,7 %) проявил крахмал кукурузный амилопектиновый, минимальную (ГЭ = 11,7 %) - картофельный крахмал, пониженную (ГЭ = 32,0-34,1 %) - гороховый и ячменный крахмалы. Для остальных зерновых крахмалов ферментативная атакуемость в заданных условиях колебалась в пределах ГЭ = 35-52 % в последовательности: ржаной-пшеничный-тритикалевый-сорговый-овсяный-рисовый-кукурузный. Исследования обладают актуальностью и практической пользой при выборе альтернативных видов сырья для получения и переработки крахмала на сахаристые крахмалопродукты и модифицированные крахмалы.
Radiation Pressure Supported AGN Tori with Hard X-Ray and Stellar Heating
Creators: name: Shi, Jiming
name: Krolik, Julian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics and structure of toroidal obscuration around AGN remain uncertain and controversial. In this paper we extend earlier work on the dynamical role of infrared radiation pressure by adding the effects of two kinds of distributed heating: Compton-heating due to hard X-rays from the nucleus and local starlight heating. We find numerical solutions to the axisymmetric hydrostatic equilibrium, energy balance, and photon diffusion equations including these effects. Within the regime of typical parameters, the two different sources of additional heating have very similar effects: the density profile within the torus becomes shallower both radially and vertically, but for plausible heating rates, there is only minor change (relative to the source-free case) in the distribution of column density with solid angle. The most interesting consequence of distributed heating is that it selects out a relatively narrow range of parameters permitting an equilibrium, particularly $(L/L_E)/τ_T$. We discuss the implications of both the narrowness of the permitted range and its approximate coincidence with the range inferred from observations.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, accepted by ApJ
SUPPORTING CITIZEN SCIENCE AND BIODIVERSITY INFORMATICS ON THE SEMANTIC WEB
Creators: name: Sachs, Joel
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity informatics
Citizen science
Invasive species
Ontologies
Semantic Web

description: A question faced by semantic web developers is how much and what form of explicit semantics to encode in domain ontologies. A typical answer to this question is that it depends on the use case. This suggests the question Can we create ontologies that support multiple use cases, in situations where those use cases have conflicting ontology-design requirements? We present an approach to building ontologies by layer, and results that suggest that, at least in the domains of citizen science and biodiversity informatics, the answer to that question is yes. The layers that we develop correspond to patterns in the RDF graph. This contrasts with typical approaches to modular ontology development, where the layers are domain based. The three primary motivations for this approach are i) preserving computational tractability; ii) enabling easy coupling and decoupling with foundational ontologies and iii) maintaining cognitive tractability. This third motivation is still under-studied in semantic web development; we consider it in relation to reducing the ease with which ontology users can publish data that accidentally implies things that they do not mean. This is important always, but becomes especially so in citizen science, where users will naturally bring intuitive semantics to the terms that they encounter. We describe case studies that involved deploying our approach in the context of citizen science events, and which provided opportunities to assess its capabilities and limitations. We also describe subsequent work aimed at addressing these limitations, and, by applying newly defined layers over the underlying data, show that we are able to improve the competency of our knowledge base. More generally, we show that appropriately combining triple-pattern-based layers allows us to support a wide variety of use cases with varied (and occasionally conflicting) requirements. In addition to our approach to semantic layering, contributions include a better understanding of how to fuse social and semantic computing to support citizen science, and, specifically, a collection of semantic layers for representing biodiversity information in RDF, demonstrated to support a variety of citizen science use cases, with a focus on those that involve invasive species. Unlike other proposed semanticizations of the Darwin Core standard for representing biodiversity occurrence data, these layers involve minimal modification to the current Darwin Core vocabulary, and make maximal use of the Darwin Core namespace. Therefore, they significantly simplify the transitioning of current practices onto the semantic web.
On the issue of gravitons
Creators: name: Sokolowski, Leszek M.
name: Staruszkiewicz, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the problem of whether one can anticipate any features of the graviton without a detailed knowledge of a full quantum gravity. Assuming that in linearized gravity the graviton is in a sense similar to the photon, we derive a curious large number coincidence between the number of gravitons emitted by a solar planet during its orbital period and the number of its nucleons. In Einstein's GR the analogy between the graviton and the photon is ill founded. A generic relationship between quanta of a quantum field and plane waves of the corresponding classical field is broken in the case of GR. The graviton cannot be classically approximated by a generic pp wave nor by the exact plane wave. Most important, the ADM energy is a zero frequency characteristic of any asymptotically flat spacetime and this means that any general relationship between energy and frequency is a priori impossible. In particular the formula $E=\hbar ω$ does not hold. The graviton must have features different from those of the photon and these cannot be predicted from classical general relativity.
description: 14 pages. One phrase added
Real-time Disaster Crisis Mapping based on Classification and Geo-location Recognition in Tweets.
Creators: name: Puniya, Sandeep
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Data Mining
Named Entity Recognition
Natural Disasters
Natural Language Processing
Social Media
Text Mining

description: Generally, one finds a large percentage of social media data, such as Tweets or Instagram, lack Geo-tagged location in their metadata, minimizing their use in generating Crisis Maps during natural and human caused disasters. In the following work, we will determine the 'at risk' areas for particular geographical locations(New York State for this current research) through post- disaster events such as Hurricane Sandy   by the analysis of all tweets originating from the Geo-location area under consideration through exact string matching of location entities in tweet texts. In this study, we employ the 8 Million Twitter data set collected by Aulov, Price and Halem stored in Couch DB. We use a Named Entity Analysis algorithm, based on the Sultanik and Fink, to obtain locations of places mentioned tweets without geo -location tags, thus increasing spatial  information relevant to developing real-time Crisis Maps of the affected disaster areas being impacted under hurricane events or other related extreme natural events. The algorithm for Geo-location recognition is based on forming N-Gram tokens extracted from text in the tweet which are further mapped against a location gazetteer to obtain the coordinates of the locations or places through exact string matching in the gazetteer. The location gazetteer contains key-value pairs of the name and alternate names of the places, belonging to New York State as 'key' and their coordinates as 'value'. Once all the locations are found, an augmented Crisis Map consisting of both Geo-tagged and inferred locations is shown to increase the observations of the impacted areas. We show that based on an increase in frequency of locations, `at-risk' areas can be distinguished from `impacted'  areas.
Crack tip fields and fracture resistance parameters based on strain gradient plasticity
Creators: name: Shlyannikov, V.
name: Martínez-Pañeda, E.
name: Tumanov, A.
name: Tartygasheva, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The crack tip mechanics of strain gradient plasticity solids is investigated analytically and numerically. A first-order mechanism-based strain gradient (MSG) plasticity theory based on Taylor's dislocation model is adopted and implemented in the commercial finite element package ANSYS by means of a user subroutine. Two boundary value problems are considered, a single edge tension specimen and a biaxially loaded plate. First, crack tip fields are characterized. Strain gradient effects associated with dislocation hardening mechanisms elevate crack tip stresses relative to conventional plasticity. A parametric study is conducted and differences with conventional plasticity predictions are quantified. Moreover, the asymptotic nature of the crack tip solution is investigated. The numerical results reveal that the singularity order predicted by the first-order MSG theory is equal or higher to that of linear elastic solids. Also, the crack tip field appears not to have a separable solution. Moreover, contrarily to what has been shown in the higher order version of MSG plasticity, the singularity order exhibits sensitivity to the plastic material properties. Secondly, analytical and numerical approaches are employed to formulate novel amplitude factors for strain gradient plasticity. A generalized J-integral is derived and used to characterize a nonlinear amplitude factor. A closed-form equation for the analytical stress intensity factor is obtained. Amplitude factors are also derived by decomposing the numerical solution for the crack tip stress field. Nonlinear amplitude factor solutions are determined across a wide range of values for the material length scale l and the strain hardening exponent N. The domains of strain gradient relevance are identified, setting the basis for the application of first-order MSG plasticity for fracture and damage assessment.