cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Estimators for Small Area Models Shrinking Both Means and Variances
Creators: name: Sugasawa, Shonosuke
name: Tamae, Hiromasa
name: Kubokawa, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For small area estimation of area-level data, the Fay-Herriot model is extensively used as a model based method. In the Fay-Herriot model, it is conventionally assumed that the sampling variances are known whereas estimators of sampling variances are used in practice. Thus, the settings of knowing sampling variances are unrealistic and several methods are proposed to overcome this problem. In this paper, we assume the situation where the direct estimators of the sampling variances are available as well as the sample means. Using these information, we propose a Bayesian yet objective method producing shrinkage estimation of both means and variances in the Fay-Herriot model. We consider the hierarchical structure for the sampling variances and we set uniform prior on model parameters to keep objectivity of the proposed model. For validity of the posterior inference, we show under mild conditions that the posterior distribution is proper and has finite variances. We investigate the numerical performance through simulation and empirical studies.
Outcomes and prognostic factors for women with breast cancer in Malawi
Creators: name: Chagomerana, M.
name: Kampani, C.
name: Kajombo, C.
name: Jordan, S.
name: Chimzimu, F.
name: Youngblood, V.M.
name: Gopal, S.
name: Ellis, G.K.
name: Nyasosela, R.
name: Tomoka, T.
name: Mulenga, M.
name: Zuze, T.
name: Lee, C.
name: Kudowa, E.
name: Seguin, R.
name: Moses, A.
name: Kincaid, J.
name: Nyirenda, R.
name: Chilima, C.
name: Maine, R.
name: Charles, A.
name: Yang, Y.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2020

description: Background: Breast cancer incidence in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is increasing, and SSA has the highest age-standardized breast cancer mortality rate worldwide. However, high-quality breast cancer data are limited in SSA. Materials and Methods: We examined breast cancer patient and tumor characteristics among women in Lilongwe, Malawi and evaluated risk factor associations with patient outcomes. We consecutively enrolled 100 women ≥ 18 years with newly diagnosed, pathologically confirmed breast cancer into a prospective longitudinal cohort with systematically assessed demographic data, HIV status, and clinical characteristics. Tumor subtypes were further determined by immunohistochemistry, overall survival (OS) was estimated using Kaplan–Meier methods, and hazards ratios (HR) were calculated by Cox proportional hazard analyses. Results: Of the 100 participants, median age was 49 years, 19 were HIV-positive, and 75 presented with late stage (III/IV) disease. HER2-enriched and triple-negative/basal-like subtypes represented 17% and 25% tumors, respectively. One-year OS for the cohort was 74% (95% CI 62–83%). Multivariable analyses revealed mortality was associated with HIV (HR, 5.15; 95% CI 1.58–16.76; p = 0.006), stage IV disease (HR, 8.86; 95% CI 1.07–73.25; p = 0.043), and HER2-enriched (HR, 7.46; 95% CI 1.21–46.07; p = 0.031), and triple-negative subtypes (HR, 7.80; 95% CI 1.39–43.69; p = 0.020). Conclusion: Late stage presentation, HER2-enriched and triple-negative subtypes, and HIV coinfection were overrepresented in our cohort relative to resource-rich settings and were associated with mortality. These findings highlight robust opportunities for population- and patient-level interventions across the entire cascade of care to improve breast cancer outcomes in low-income countries in SSA.
title: Retrograde Ureteric Stent Exchange in the Oncology patient by Interventional Radiology: The Experience of a Single Tertiary Referral Centre
Creators: name: Mulholland, Douglas
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncology
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Stents
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Outcomes
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of fluoroscopic-guided single or double retrograde ureteric exchange in an IR setting, in a tertiary oncology referral centre, over a two-year...
Shining a light on the evidence for hydroxychloroquine in SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Murray, T.
name: Schacker, T.
name: Connett, J.
name: Ingraham, N.E.
name: Sparks, J.A.
name: Benson, B.
name: Charles, A.
name: Boulware, D.
name: Chipman, J.G.
name: Sparks, M.A.
name: Tignanelli, C.J.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2020

description: Background The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has stunned the world, financial markets, and healthcare systems. Researchers are rushing to identify effective treatments while maintaining rigorous adherence to the scientific method. Clinicians are doing their best to provide evidence-based care in a setting of very little good evidence. To date, no effective treatments exist for COVID-19 management. Unfortunately, traditional and social media coupled with world leader commentary have led some to believe hydroxychloroquine offers a bona fide cure and even prevention. The purpose of this commentary is to review the medical literature related to hydroxychloroquine building on knowledge over the past 17 years since the 2003 SARS-CoV epidemic.
Imaginary Interactions with Minimum Length
Creators: name: Faizal, Mir
name: Mandal, Bhabani Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the effect of having minimum length on a two dimensional anisotropic simple harmonic oscillator with PT symmetric imaginary interaction perturbatively. First order correction to the general state is calculated analytically to show that it remains real as long as PT symmetry is unbroken. The characteristics of PT phase transition remain unaltered in this deformed formulation of quantum mechanics.
description: Accepted in Gravitation and Cosmology
Additional file 5 of Correlation of the prognostic value of FNDC4 in glioblastoma with macrophage polarization
Creators: name: Li, Hongwu
name: Yan, Xiaofei
name: Ou, Shaowu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5. Effect of exogenous FNDC4 on macrophage polarization. (a–f) M0 macrophages were divided into groups (M0, M0+LPS, and M0+IL-4) that were treated with exogenous FNDC4 or left untreated. After 24 h, marker expression on the macrophage surface was detected using antibodies and flow cytometry.
Characteristics of Intestinal Volvulus and Risk of Mortality in Malawi
Creators: name: Reiss, R.
name: Charles, A.
name: Purcell, L.N.
name: Mabedi, C.
name: Gallaher, J.
name: Maine, R.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2020

description: BACKGROUND: Intestinal volvulus is a common cause of mechanical intestinal obstruction (MIO) in Africa. Sigmoid volvulus has been well characterized in both high-income and low-income countries, but there is also a predilection for small bowel volvulus in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: An analysis was performed of the Kamuzu Central Hospital Acute Care Surgery Registry from 2013 to 2019 on patients presenting with intestinal volvulus. Bivariate analysis was performed for covariates based on the intestinal volvulus type. Multivariate Poisson regression models estimated the relative risk of volvulus and mortality. RESULTS: A total of 4352 patients were captured in the registry. Overall, 1037 patients (23.8%) were diagnosed with MIO. Intestinal volvulus accounted for 499 (48.1%) of patients with MIO. Sigmoid volvulus, midgut volvulus, ileosigmoid knotting, and cecal volvulus accounted for 57.7% (n = 288), 19.8% (n = 99), 20.8% (n = 104), and 1.6% (n = 8), respectively. Mean age was 46.8 years (SD 17.2) with a male preponderance (n = 429, 86.0%) and 14.8% (n = 74) mortality. Overall, the most common operations performed were large bowel (n = 326, 74.4%) and small bowel (n = 76, 16.7%) resections with 18.0% (n = 90) ostomy formation. Upon regression modeling, the relative risk for volvulus was 2.7 times higher in men than women after controlling for season and age. There was no statistically significant difference in the relative risk of mortality based on the type of volvulus. CONCLUSION: Volvulus is a significant cause of primary bowel obstruction in sub-Saharan Africa. Type of intestinal volvulus is not associated increased risk of mortality. Reasons for increases in the incidence of small bowel volvulus are still largely undetermined.
Many-body localization in a quantum simulator with programmable random disorder
Creators: name: Smith, Jacob
name: Lee, Aaron
name: Richerme, Philip
name: Neyenhuis, Brian
name: Hess, Paul W.
name: Hauke, Philipp
name: Heyl, Markus
name: Huse, David A.
name: Monroe, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a system thermalizes it loses all local memory of its initial conditions. This is a general feature of open systems and is well described by equilibrium statistical mechanics. Even within a closed (or reversible) quantum system, where unitary time evolution retains all information about its initial state, subsystems can still thermalize using the rest of the system as an effective heat bath. Exceptions to quantum thermalization have been predicted and observed, but typically require inherent symmetries or noninteracting particles in the presence of static disorder. The prediction of many-body localization (MBL), in which disordered quantum systems can fail to thermalize in spite of strong interactions and high excitation energy, was therefore surprising and has attracted considerable theoretical attention. Here we experimentally generate MBL states by applying an Ising Hamiltonian with long-range interactions and programmably random disorder to ten spins initialized far from equilibrium. We observe the essential signatures of MBL: memory retention of the initial state, a Poissonian distribution of energy level spacings, and entanglement growth in the system at long times. Our platform can be scaled to higher numbers of spins, where detailed modeling of MBL becomes impossible due to the complexity of representing such entangled quantum states. Moreover, the high degree of control in our experiment may guide the use of MBL states as potential quantum memories in naturally disordered quantum systems.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
title: Prevalence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in hospitalized and emergency department (ED) patients of an urban teaching hospital. Is there an overuse of Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography in the ED?
Creators: name: Benea, Giorgio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Emergency
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is a common, serious and potentially lethal complication of thrombus formation within the deep venous circulation. Emergency physicians must assess patients with nonspecific symptoms (such as chest...
Incidence and epidemiology of acute kidney injury in a pediatric Malawian trauma cohort: A prospective observational study
Creators: name: Gibson, K.
name: Charles, A.
name: Muronya, W.
name: Bjornstad, E.C.
name: Munthali, C.K.
name: Mottl, A.K.
name: Smith, Z.H.
name: Golightly, Y.M.
name: Marshall, S.W.
name: Gower, E.W.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2020

description: Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is highly associated with mortality risk in children worldwide. Trauma can lead to AKI and is a leading cause of pediatric death in Africa. However, there is no information regarding the epidemiology of pediatric, trauma-associated AKI in Africa. Methods: Prospective cohort study of pediatric trauma patients admitted to a tertiary referral hospital in Malawi. Participants enrolled at admission were followed prospectively throughout their hospitalization. AKI was defined by creatinine-only Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. We calculated descriptive statistics and univariate relative risks (RR) for hypothesis-generation of potential risk factors associated with AKI. Results: We analyzed data from 114 participants. Depending on baseline creatinine definition, AKI incidence ranged from 4 to 10%. The new Schwartz equation estimated baseline creatinine values best and yielded an AKI incidence of 9.7%. Almost one in ten children died during hospitalization, but those with AKI (n = 4) were at significantly higher risk of death compared to those without AKI (40.0% vs 6.2%; RR 6.5, 95% CI 2.2-19.1). Burn injuries were most commonly associated with AKI (63.6%). Other potential AKI risk factors included multiple injuries, trunk or facial injuries, and recent consumption of herbal remedies. Conclusions: AKI occurs in up to 10% of admitted pediatric trauma patients in Malawi and increases the risk of death 7-fold compared to those without AKI. This large unrecognized burden in trauma requires further investment by researchers, clinicians and policymakers to develop evidenced-based triage, recognition, and management approaches to prevent the associated sequelae and potential mortality from AKI.
Probing quantum-classical boundary with compression software
Creators: name: Poh, Hou Shun
name: Markiewicz, Marcin
name: Kurzyński, Paweł
name: Cerè, Alessandro
name: Kaszlikowski, Dagomir
name: Kurtsiefer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate that it is impossible to simulate quantum bipartite correlations with a deterministic universal Turing machine. Our approach is based on the Normalized Information Distance (NID) that allows the comparison of two pieces of data without detailed knowledge about their origin. Using NID, we derive an inequality for output of two local deterministic universal Turing machines with correlated inputs. This inequality is violated by correlations generated by a maximally entangled polarization state of two photons. The violation is shown using a freely available lossless compression program. The presented technique may allow to complement the common statistical interpretation of quantum physics by an algorithmic one.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
title: Forefoot pain: Differential diagnosis on MRI.
Creators: name: Dunlop, Dennis
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Education
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the different entities that may cause forefoot pain, and describe their imaging features, focusing on...
(101654) Margaret Reeves
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Truncated & Supplemented Pascal Matrix and Applications
Creators: name: Hua, M.
name: Damelin, S. B.
name: Sun, J.
name: Yu, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05B20, 05B35

description: In this paper, we introduce the $k\times n$ (with $k\leq n$) truncated, supplemented Pascal matrix which has the property that any $k$ columns form a linearly independent set. This property is also present in Reed-Solomon codes; however, Reed-Solomon codes are completely dense, whereas the truncated, supplemented Pascal matrix has multiple zeros. If the maximal-distance separable code conjecture is correct, then our matrix has the maximal number of columns (with the aformentioned property) that the conjecture allows. This matrix has applications in coding, network coding, and matroid theory.
(101649) Eliza Rees
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: An evaluation of undergraduate abdominal anatomy teaching using ultrasound.
Creators: name: Allard, Rachel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Education and training

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In recent years undergraduate anatomy teaching has been criticised, with suggestions to move towards more clinically relevant anatomy. In 2016 an abdominal ultrasound anatomy teaching programme for first year University of Leeds medical students has...
title: Role of radiologic techniques and imaging characteristics in the assessment of desmoid tumors
Creators: name: Montes Tome, Arnold Antonio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this study is to describe the role of radiology and to show imaging characteristics of this...
title: Transfontanellar ultrasound in preterm infants – a survival guide for the young radiologist on call
Creators: name: Ciocan, Ionela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Screening
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Paediatric
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: After studying this electronic presentation, the reader should be able to: Reflect the technical considerations and implement them into scanning practice; Understand the location of the standardized imaging planes and to know the main anatomical...
Unified functional network and nonlinear time series analysis for complex systems science: The pyunicorn package
Creators: name: Donges, Jonathan F.
name: Heitzig, Jobst
name: Beronov, Boyan
name: Wiedermann, Marc
name: Runge, Jakob
name: Feng, Qing Yi
name: Tupikina, Liubov
name: Stolbova, Veronika
name: Donner, Reik V.
name: Marwan, Norbert
name: Dijkstra, Henk A.
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the \texttt{pyunicorn} (Pythonic unified complex network and recurrence analysis toolbox) open source software package for applying and combining modern methods of data analysis and modeling from complex network theory and nonlinear time series analysis. \texttt{pyunicorn} is a fully object-oriented and easily parallelizable package written in the language Python. It allows for the construction of functional networks such as climate networks in climatology or functional brain networks in neuroscience representing the structure of statistical interrelationships in large data sets of time series and, subsequently, investigating this structure using advanced methods of complex network theory such as measures and models for spatial networks, networks of interacting networks, node-weighted statistics or network surrogates. Additionally, \texttt{pyunicorn} provides insights into the nonlinear dynamics of complex systems as recorded in uni- and multivariate time series from a non-traditional perspective by means of recurrence quantification analysis (RQA), recurrence networks, visibility graphs and construction of surrogate time series. The range of possible applications of the library is outlined, drawing on several examples mainly from the field of climatology.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures
Prevalence, Etiology, and Outcome of Sepsis among Critically Ill Patients in Malawi
Creators: name: Kadyaudzu, C.
name: Charles, A.
name: Onofrey, L.
name: Prin, M.
name: Purcell, L.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2020

description: There are scarce data describing the etiology and clinical sequelae of sepsis in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study describes the prevalence and etiology of sepsis among critically ill patients at a referral hospital in Malawi. We conducted an observational prospective cohort study of adults admitted to the intensive care unit or high-dependency unit (HDU) from January 29, 2018 to March 15, 2018. We stratified the cohort based on the prevalence of sepsis as defined in the following three ways: quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score ≥ 2, clinical suspicion of systemic infection, and qSOFA score ≥ 2 plus suspected systemic infection. We measured clinical characteristics and blood and urine cultures for all patients; antimicrobial sensitivities were assessed for positive cultures. During the study period, 103 patients were admitted and 76 patients were analyzed. The cohort comprised 39% male, and the median age was 30 (interquartile range: 23-40) years. Eighteen (24%), 50 (66%), and 12 patients (16%) had sepsis based on the three definitions, respectively. Four blood cultures (5%) were positive, two from patients with sepsis by all three definitions and two from patients with clinically suspected infection only. All blood bacterial isolates were multidrug resistant. Of five patients with urinary tract infection, three had sepsis secondary to multidrug-resistant bacteria. Hospital mortality for patients with sepsis based on the three definitions ranged from 42% to 75% versus 12% to 26% for non-septic patients. In summary, mortality associated with sepsis at this Malawi hospital is high. Bacteremia was infrequently detected, but isolated pathogens were multidrug resistant.
Spitzer Parallax of OGLE-2015-BLG-0966: A Cold Neptune in the Galactic Disk
Creators: name: Street, R. A.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Novati, S. Calchi
name: Hundertmark, M. P. G.
name: Zhu, W.
name: Gould, A.
name: Yee, J.
name: Tsapras, Y.
name: Bennett, D. P.
name: Project, The RoboNet
name: Consortium, MiNDSTEp
name: Jorgensen, U. G.
name: Dominik, M.
name: Andersen, M. I.
name: Bachelet, E.
name: Bozza, V.
name: Bramich, D. M.
name: Burgdorf, M. J.
name: Cassan, A.
name: Ciceri, S.
name: D'Ago, G.
name: Dong, Subo
name: Evans, D. F.
name: Gu, Sheng-hong
name: Harkonnen, H.
name: Hinse, T. C.
name: Horne, Keith
name: Jaimes, R. Figuera
name: Kains, N.
name: Kerins, E.
name: Korhonen, H.
name: Kuffmeier, M.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Menzies, J.
name: Mao, S.
name: Peixinho, N.
name: Popovas, A.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Rahvar, S.
name: Ranc, C.
name: Rasmussen, R. Tronsgaard
name: Scarpetta, G.
name: Schmidt, R.
name: Skottfelt, J.
name: Snodgrass, C.
name: Southworth, J.
name: Steele, I. A.
name: Surdej, J.
name: Unda-Sanzana, E.
name: Verma, P.
name: von Essen, C.
name: Wambsganss, J.
name: Wang, Yi-Bo.
name: Wertz, O.
name: Project, The OGLE
name: Poleski, R.
name: Pawlak, M.
name: Szymanski, M. K.
name: Skowron, J.
name: Mroz, P.
name: Kozlowski, S.
name: Wyrzykowski, L.
name: Pietrukowicz, P.
name: Pietrzynski, G.
name: Soszynski, I.
name: Ulaczyk, K.
name: Beichman, The Spitzer Team C.
name: Bryden, G.
name: Carey, S.
name: Gaudi, B. S.
name: Henderson, C.
name: Pogge, R. W.
name: Shvartzvald, Y.
name: Collaboration, The MOA
name: Abe, F.
name: Asakura, Y.
name: Bhattacharya, A.
name: Bond, I. A.
name: Donachie, M.
name: Freeman, M.
name: Fukui, A.
name: Hirao, Y.
name: Inayama, K.
name: Itow, Y.
name: Koshimoto, N.
name: Li, M. C. A.
name: Ling, C. H.
name: Masuda, K.
name: Matsubara, Y.
name: Muraki, Y.
name: Nagakane, M.
name: Nishioka, T.
name: Ohnishi, K.
name: Oyokawa, H.
name: Rattenbury, N.
name: Saito, To.
name: Sharan, A.
name: Sullivan, D. J.
name: Sumi, T.
name: Suzuki, D.
name: P.
name: Tristram, J.
name: Wakiyama, Y.
name: Yonehara, A.
name: Han, KMTNet Modeling Team C.
name: Choi, J. -Y.
name: Park, H.
name: Jung, Y. K.
name: Shin, I. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a Cold Neptune m_planet=21+/-2MEarth orbiting a 0.38MSol M dwarf lying 2.5-3.3 kpc toward the Galactic center as part of a campaign combining ground-based and Spitzer observations to measure the Galactic distribution of planets. This is the first time that the complex real-time protocols described by Yee et al. (2015), which aim to maximize planet sensitivity while maintaining sample integrity, have been carried out in practice. Multiple survey and follow-up teams successfully combined their efforts within the framework of these protocols to detect this planet. This is the second planet in the Spitzer Galactic distribution sample. Both are in the near-to-mid disk and clearly not in the Galactic bulge.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, submitted to ApJ
Production of Charge in Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Pratt, Scott
name: McCormack, William Patrick
name: Ratti, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By analyzing preliminary experimental measurements of charge-balance functions from the STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic-Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC), it is found that pictures where balancing charges are produced in a single surge, and therefore separated by a single length scale, are inconsistent with data. In contrast, a model that assumes two surges, one associated with the formation of a thermalized quark-gluon plasma and a second associated with hadronization, provides a far superior reproduction of the data. A statistical analysis of the model comparison finds that the two-surge model best reproduces the data if the charge production from the first surge is similar to expectations for equilibrated matter taken from lattice gauge theory. The charges created in the first surge appear to separate by approximately one unit of spatial rapidity before emission, while charges from the second wave appear to have separated by approximately a half unit or less.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
OSPF-NIAS Tuberculosis Newsletter _First Issue (August 2020)
Creators: name: Rath, Nibedita
name: Bajpai, Urmi
name: Bhardwaj, Anshu
name: Majumdar, Rudrodip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Health promotion
Social determinants of health
Preventative health care

description: Currently, the world is reeling from COVID-19 pandemic. The awareness campaigns to reduce the spread of this highly contagious virus have made some impact. The pandemic has affected us as individuals, communities, countries and continents. On the hindsight, the pandemic is teaching us how to prepare ourselves in a worldwide threat like this. It is heartening to see a country as diverse as India waking up to the challenge in a united way both at the government and citizen level. The efforts to bring solutions both in terms of treatment and vaccine have unfolded a few new ways of collaboration among big pharma, biotech, non-profit organizations and governments. Furthermore, the model of partnership with manufacturing companies across the globe has opened another avenue to meet demand and affordability. The rapid innovation of a novel vaccine or drug used to be unthinkable during the pre-COVID era. Can it be a tipping point for the fight against chronic infectious diseases that are even deadlier, such as tuberculosis (TB)? Is this the time to make our efforts towards fight against TB transformative?
(101650) Martha Rees
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 7 of Correlation of the prognostic value of FNDC4 in glioblastoma with macrophage polarization
Creators: name: Li, Hongwu
name: Yan, Xiaofei
name: Ou, Shaowu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 7. Western blot results. Uncropped results from Fig. 3a and Supplementary Material 4.
An invited commentary on “Impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on surgical practice-part 1”. Impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on surgical practice: Time to embrace telehealth in surgery
Creators: name: Purcell, L.N.
name: Charles, A.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2020

description: The COVID‐19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS‐CoV‐2, is disrupting global health and the economy to a degree unparalleled in modern history. In addition to the reduction in visits for routine and preventative health care and decline in emergency room visits, hospital systems are suﬀering from the collateral damage of near‐universal cancellation of elective surgeries. The mobilization of surgical resources for emergencies, use of operating rooms as intensive care units and anesthesia machines as ventilators, redeployment of operating room personnel for patient and provider safety have com-promised the delivery of necessary surgery.
Developing guidelines for COVID-19 management: A moving target. An invited commentary on “Evidence based management guideline for the COVID-19 pandemic - Review article”
Creators: name: Charles, A.
name: Gallaher, J.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2020

description: The COVID-19 pandemic is moving at a rapid rate, both in global transmission and in our knowledge about the disease. Health authorities across the world are scrambling to delineate best practices for everything from appropriate personal protective equipment, to antiviral therapy, and ARDS management strategies. It that context, Nicola et al. present an excellent consolidation of what we currently know about the disease and what evidence we have to support particular management approaches [1]. They offer an evidence-based summary of the known epidemiology of the disease and the preventative measures being used to slow transmission, including social distancing, school closures, and quarantining. They also review the current treatment recommendations for those with severe disease, including a brief discussion of experimental treatments.
(101651) George Reeves
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of Multiple-site decontamination regimen decreases acquired infection incidence in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients
Creators: name: Massart, Nicolas
name: Reizine, Florian
name: Fillatre, Pierre
name: Seguin, Philippe
name: La Combe, Béatrice
name: Frerou, Aurélien
name: Egreteau, Pierre-Yves
name: Hourmant, Baptiste
name: Kergoat, Pierre
name: Lorber, Julien
name: Souchard, Jerome
name: Canet, Emmanuel
name: Rieul, Guillaume
name: Fedun, Yannick
name: Delbove, Agathe
name: Camus, Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients included and not included. Table S2. Risk factors for hospital death. Figure S1. Survival curves in patients receiving MSD or not in whole population (inclusion of the 153 patients with missing data regarding AI).
Enhanced lines and box-shaped features in the gamma-ray spectrum from annihilating dark matter in the NMSSM
Creators: name: Cerdeno, D. G.
name: Peiro, M.
name: Robles, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spectral features in the gamma-ray emission from dark matter (DM) annihilation in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM), with either neutralino or right-handed (RH) sneutrino DM. We perform a series of scans over the NMSSM parameter space, compute the DM annihilation cross section into two photons and the contribution of box-shaped features, and compare them with the limits derived from the Fermi-LAT search for gamma-ray lines using the latest Pass 8 data. We implement the LHC bounds on the Higgs sector and on the masses of supersymmetric particles as well as the constraints on low-energy observables. We also consider the recent upper limits from the Fermi-LAT satellite on the continuum gamma-ray emission from dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs). We show that in the case of the RH sneutrino the constraint on gamma-ray spectral features can be more stringent than the dSph bounds. This is due to the Breit-Wigner enhancement near the ubiquitous resonances with a CP even Higgs and the contribution of scalar and pseudoscalar Higgs final states to box-shaped features. By contrast, for neutralino DM, the di-photon final state is only enhanced in the resonance with a $Z$ boson and box-shaped features are even more suppressed. Therefore, the observation of spectral features could constitute a discriminating factor between both models. In addition, we compare our results with direct DM searches, including the SuperCDMS and LUX limits on the elastic DM-nucleus scattering cross section and show that some of these scenarios would be accessible to next generation experiments. Thus, our findings strengthen the idea of complementarity among distinct DM search strategies.
description: 38 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, 2 appendices. Discussion extended, matches JCAP published version
(101653) Sarah Reeves
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
JAMES : Jugend, Aktivitäten, Medien - Erhebung Schweiz
Creators: name: Willemse, Isabel
name: Waller, Gregor
name: Süss, Daniel
name: Genner, Sarah
name: Huber, Anna-Lena
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2012
Subjects: Medien
Jugend
Medienkompetenz
James-Studie
302: Soziale Interaktion
305: Personengruppen (Alter, Herkunft, Geschlecht, Einkommen)

description: Ergebnisbericht zur JAMES-Studie 2012
description: Die JAMES-Studie 2012 zeigt das Medienverhalten von Schweizer Jugendlichen auf und bietet eine empirische Grundlage für zahlreiche Fachbereiche wie die Psychologie, die Pädagogik und die Politik. Durch den Vergleich mit der erstmaligen JAMES-Studie aus dem Jahr 2010 (Willemse, Waller, & Süss, 2010) lassen sich Tendenzen zu Entwicklungen in der jugendlichen Mediennutzung ermitteln – wenn auch noch keine Trends. Dies wird nach der dritten Erhebung im Jahr 2014 möglich sein. Befragt wurden insgesamt 1‘177 Jugendliche zwischen 12 und 19 Jahren, welche im Klassenverband einen schriftlichen Fragebogen ausfüllten. Die für die Schweizer Jugendlichen repräsentative Stichprobe ermöglicht es, Vergleiche zwischen soziodemografischen Subgruppen anzustellen. Diese sind: Altersgruppe, Geschlecht, Sprachregion (Deutschschweiz, Romandie und Tessin) und Urbanitätsgrad des Wohnortes sowie Bildungsniveau (Schultyp), sozioökonomischer Status und die Herkunft (Schweizer oder Migrationshintergrund). Die Freizeit ohne Medien wurde genauso erfragt wie diverse Bereiche der Mediennutzung. Als Ergänzung zur letzten Erhebung wurde der Fokus vermehrt auch auf den Inhalt gelegt. So gaben die Jugendlichen Auskunft über ihre Lieblingsfilme, -bücher, -apps etc. Dadurch lässt sich erkennen, dass die Bandbreite der Mediennutzungspräferenzen sehr gross ist. Der Smartphone-Boom hat die Handynutzung seit der JAMES-Studie 2010 (Willemse, et al., 2010) stark beeinflusst, insbesondere durch den ständigen Internetzugang. Dennoch wird das Internet durchschnittlich nicht länger genutzt als vor zwei Jahren und problematische Erfahrungen mit Medien, wie Cyberbullying, haben nicht zugenommen. Jugendliche achten in sozialen Netzwerken besser als vor zwei Jahren auf den Schutz ihrer Privatsphäre. Beim Musikhören, bei der Internetnutzung, beim Fernsehen und Telefonieren / SMS-Nutzen werden oft verschiedene Medien und Bildschirme gleichzeitig genutzt. Das „Medien-Multitasking“ ist unter Jugendlichen weit verbreitet.
An Invited Commentary on “World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)”: Emergency or new reality?
Creators: name: Purcell, L.N.
name: Charles, A.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2020

description: The onset of the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Wuhan, China, suggests animal-to-person spread and later person-to-person spread. The complete clinical picture following COVID-19 infection is not yet fully understood. A recent report on over 72,000 COVID-19 cases by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention showed the case fatality rate was overall 2.3%. The mortality rises to 8% in patients between 70 and 79-years-old, and spikes to 14.8% in those aged 80 and above. Sorhabi et al. give an informative and comprehensive account of the timeline, etiology, symptoms, supportive treatment, and transmission prevention of COVID-19.
title: Sonographically guided percutaneus treatment of ganglion cysts
Creators: name: Delgado Saiz, Sandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Cysts
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Sclerosis
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Extremities

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Ganglion cysts are the commonest soft tissue mass arising from the wrist and hand. They are most commonly encountered in young women. On US they have an anechoic appearance with posterior acoustic enhancement and may be multiloculated. Up to 70%...
JAMESfocus 2011 : Mediennutzungstypen bei Schweizer Jugendlichen - zwischen Risikoverhalten und positivem Umgang
Creators: name: Willemse, Isabel
name: Waller, Gregor
name: Süss, Daniel
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2011
Subjects: Medienkompetenz
Mediennutzung
Mediennutzungstypen
Typologie
James-Studie
James-Focus
Psychosoziale Entwicklung
158: Angewandte Psychologie
302: Soziale Interaktion
305: Personengruppen (Alter, Herkunft, Geschlecht, Einkommen)

description: Forschungsschwerpunkt Psychosoziale Entwicklung und Medien
description: Jugendliche gehen auf sehr unterschiedliche Weise mit den Medien um. Die Generationsbezeichnungen «Digital Natives», «Facebook-Generation» oder «Gamer-Generation» suggerieren, dass ein einheitlicher Trend zu einem von digitalen Medien dominierten Alltag unter den Heranwachsenden herrsche. Der folgende Bericht ermöglicht einen differenzierteren Blick auf das, was im ersten Moment homogen erscheint. Auf der Grundlage der Daten aus der JAMES-Studie 2010 (Willemse, et al., 2010) werden verschiedene Freizeit- und Mediennutzungstypen herausgearbeitet. Die aktuell ermittelten Nutzungstypen werden mit Befunden aus anderen Studien aus der Schweiz und aus Deutschland verglichen. Weiter werden Themenfelder wie das Medienwissen und der kreative Umgang mit Medien näher beleuchtet. Bereits behandelte Bereiche wie Social Networks, Cyberbullying und die Handynutzung werden aus anderen Blickwinkeln betrachtet. Dabei wird aufgezeigt, bei welchen Gruppen Hinweise auf einen entwicklungsgefährdenen oder sozial unverträglichen Medienumgang bestehen und damit besondere Anstrengungen für Medienkompetenzförderung und Jugendmedienschutz notwendig sind. Dabei spielt nicht nur das Erkennen von Gefährdungsmustern eine Rolle. Ebenso wichtig ist das Verständnis von Konstellationen, die positive Impulse für die Entwicklung von Jugendlichen bieten.
Survival and Functional Outcomes at Discharge After Traumatic Brain Injury in Children versus Adults in Resource-Poor Setting
Creators: name: Quinsey, C.
name: Purcell, L.N.
name: Reiss, R.
name: Charles, A.
name: Eaton, J.
name: Kumwenda, K.-K.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2020

description: Background: More than 90% of trauma mortality occurs in low- and middle-income countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Head injury is the primary driver of trauma mortality in the prehospital and in-hospital setting. Methods: An observational study was performed on patients presenting with traumatic brain injury (TBI) from October 2016 through May 2017 at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Malawi. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were performed to determine the odds of favorable functional outcomes and mortality after controlling for significant covariates. Results: Of the 356 patients with TBI, 72 (20.2%) were children <18 years of age. Males comprised 202 (87.1%) and 46 (63.9%) of the adult and pediatric cohorts, respectively. Motor vehicle crash was the leading etiology in adults and children. There was no significant difference between adult and pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale score on admission, 10.8 ± 3.9 versus 10.9 ± 3.5, respectively (P = 0.8). More adult (n = 76, 32.3%) than pediatric (n = 13, 18.1%) patients died. On multivariable analysis, pediatric patients were more likely to have a favorable outcome defined by a Glasgow Outcome Scale of good recovery or moderate disability (odds ratio 3.70, 95% confidence interval 1.22–11.17, P = 0.02) and were less likely to die after TBI (odds ratio 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.09–0.93, P = 0.04). Conclusions: We show a survival advantage and better functional outcomes in children following TBI. This may be attributable to increased resiliency to TBI in children or the prioritization of children in a resource-poor environment. Investments in neurosurgical care following TBI are needed to improve outcomes.
Heralded W state preparation using laser-designed super-atoms
Creators: name: Gärttner, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme for preparing an ensemble of atoms in a maximally entangled W state by exploiting the Rydberg blockade effect. The success of our protocol is indicated by the detection of an ion, which thus serves as a herald for successful entangled state preparation. The fidelity of the preparation scheme is independent of the number of atoms in the ensemble. Therefore, a small cloud of atoms in a dipole trap randomly loaded from a background gas can be reliably prepared in a maximally entangled state despite of atom number fluctuations.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Low-Dose Whole-Body Computed Tomography and Radiation Exposure in Patients with Trauma - Trust, but Verify
Creators: name: Purcell, L.N.
name: Charles, A.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2020

description: In an attempt to minimize missed injury rates, potentially decrease mortality, and enhance rapid patient disposition, standard-dose whole-body computed tomographic (WBCT) imaging has become ubiquitous at trauma centers for the hemodynamically stable patient admitted with trauma. The radiation dose from WBCT ranges from 10 to 20 mGy, which results in an approximately 0.08% estimated lifetime cancer mortality for 45-year-old persons.3 Risk of mortality due to missed injury is therefore higher than the risk of future radiation-induced cancer.