cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Using AI to Extract Biophilic Design Elements and Predict Health Benefits and Tradition Environmental Qi
Creators: name: Shih-Han Hung
name: Chang, Chun-Yen
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80199 Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing not elsewhere classified
subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: This item is part of: Boarin, P., Haarhoff, E., Manfredini, M., Mohammadzadeh, M., Premier, A., (2021). Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD Symposium, Future Cities Research Hub, School of Architecture and Planning of the University of Auckland. ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTPeople release stress in urban environments by experiencing green areas, such as parks, grasslands, and areas with trees and hedges. For over 30 years, increasing studies have depicted the psychological and physiological health benefits of experiencing nature. However, recently, people have been staying in concrete environments without green spaces in their daily lives, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, not only causing social isolation but also contributing to health problems. Biophilic attributes in built environments might improve people’s connection to nature and provide health benefits and influence landscape design applications. To confirm this, the present study took photos in urban green spaces and imported them into Google Vision AI to label their biophilic attributes and to predict the tradition environmental Qi in the space. The study found that natural labels, such as “tree, plant, grass, and park” significantly influenced people’s preference for a space, its tradition environmental qi, and people’s experiences of recovery and reflection. However, urban labels, such as “building, architecture, city, and house” were significantly negatively related to the same psychological outcomes. Using AI to define biophilic labels could optimize the psychological benefits of designed spaces and provide a new view for related landscape design work.
U.S. Consumer Food Insights During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Edmondson, Hailey
name: Gill, Mackenzie
name: Jablonski, Becca B.R.
name: Ladd, Jessica
name: Rossi, Jairus
name: Schaffstall, Samantha
name: Thilmany, Dawn
name: Woods, Tim
name: Edmondson, Hailey
name: Gill, Mackenzie
name: Jablonski, Becca B.R.
name: Ladd, Jessica
name: Rossi, Jairus
name: Schaffstall, Samantha
name: Thilmany, Dawn
name: Woods, Tim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Social distancing mandates and the subsequent economic disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented changes in where, how, and what food U.S. consumers purchased and acquired in 2020. To better understand these changes, a team of researchers—focused on the implications for local and regional food systems—conducted a national survey of over 5,000 households from mid-October to mid-November 2020. The survey was conducted using a Qualtrics panel. We set quotas to ensure a demographically balanced sample, with the exception of gender (as we asked the primary food shopper in the household to respond and women were more likely to play that role). A variety of demographic and COVID-related questions were asked to capture food behavior trends, including: 1) purchases of food through a variety of market channels, 2) use of online platforms, and 3) food security status. Questions gaged consumer behavior over three time periods: September 2019 (the before times), April 2020 (the pandemic begins), and September 2020 (the new normal). Food Purchasing Practices During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Online Food Shopping Trends During the COVID-19 Pandemic, and The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Insecurity are infographics designed to provide valuable but brief explanations of our research findings.
description: See separately infographics titled: Food Purchasing Practices During the COVID-19 Pandemic; Online Food Shopping Trends During the COVID-19 Pandemic; and The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Insecurity
AutoSourceID-FeatureExtractor. Optical image analysis using a two-step mean variance estimation network for feature estimation and uncertainty characterisation
Creators: name: Stoppa, F.
name: de Austri, R. Ruiz
name: Vreeswijk, P.
name: Bhattacharyya, S.
name: Caron, S.
name: Bloemen, S.
name: Zaharijas, G.
name: Principe, G.
name: Vodeb, V.
name: Groot, P. J.
name: Cator, E.
name: Nelemans, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. In astronomy, machine learning has been successful in various tasks such as source localisation, classification, anomaly detection, and segmentation. However, feature regression remains an area with room for improvement. We aim to design a network that can accurately estimate sources' features and their uncertainties from single-band image cutouts, given the approximated locations of the sources provided by the previously developed code AutoSourceID-Light (ASID-L) or other external catalogues. This work serves as a proof of concept, showing the potential of machine learning in estimating astronomical features when trained on meticulously crafted synthetic images and subsequently applied to real astronomical data. Methods. The algorithm presented here, AutoSourceID-FeatureExtractor (ASID-FE), uses single-band cutouts of 32x32 pixels around the localised sources to estimate flux, sub-pixel centre coordinates, and their uncertainties. ASID-FE employs a two-step mean variance estimation (TS-MVE) approach to first estimate the features and then their uncertainties without the need for additional information, for example the point spread function (PSF). For this proof of concept, we generated a synthetic dataset comprising only point sources directly derived from real images, ensuring a controlled yet authentic testing environment. Results.We show that ASID-FE, trained on synthetic images derived from the MeerLICHT telescope, can predict more accurate features with respect to similar codes such as SourceExtractor and that the two-step method can estimate well-calibrated uncertainties that are better behaved compared to similar methods that use deep ensembles of simple MVE networks. Finally, we evaluate the model on real images from the MeerLICHT telescope and the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) to test its transfer learning abilities.
Presbyterian Church
Creators: name: East Hampton Library
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures
Churches
Presbyterian churches

description: This image shows a front exterior view of the 1860 First Presbyterian Church in East Hampton. The reverse side of this image notes that this image was obtained through the East Hampton Library for possible usage in the publication of East Hampton Heritage. This image was taken or collected by photographer Harvey A. Weber (1917-1991) and is part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
Isadelphus armatus
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Isadelphus
Isadelphus armatus

description: Isadelphus armatus (GRAVENHORST, 1829)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 2: 1♀ 5-20.v.; trap 4: 1♁ 15-29.vi.; trap 7: 1♀ 5-20.v.; trap 15: 1♀ 30.vi.-14.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, known from Georgia (RIEDEL & JAPOSHVILI 2021).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 123, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120
Gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking with generalized messenger sector at LHC
Creators: name: Kawase, Hidetoshi
name: Maekawa, Nobuhiro
name: Sakurai, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the generalized gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) models with the messenger fields which do not form the complete multiplets of SU(5) GUT symmetry. Such a situation may happen in the anomalous U(1) GUT scenario because the mass spectrum of the superheavy particle does not respect SU(5) GUT symmetry, although the success of the gauge coupling unification can be explained. In this paper, we assume that one pair of the messenger fields gives the dominant contribution, and the LHC signature for the two possible messengers, X + \bar{X} and Q + \bar{Q}, are examined. We investigate the possibility to measure the deviation from the usual GUT relation of the gaugino masses which is one of the most important features of these scenarios.
description: 25 pages, 24 figures
Using AI to Extract Biophilic Design Elements and Predict Health Benefits and Tradition Environmental Qi
Creators: name: Premier, Alessandro
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120105 Architecture Management
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified

description: This item was presented in Auckland at the: Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD SymposiumDate: 14-18/12/20Editors: Paola Boarin, Errol Haarhoff, Manfredo Manfredini, Mohsen Mohammadzadeh, Alessandro Premier

ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTPeople release stress in urban environments by experiencing green areas, such as parks, grasslands, and areas with trees and hedges. For over 30 years, increasing studies have depicted the psychological and physiological health benefits of experiencing nature. However, recently, people have been staying in concrete environments without green spaces in their daily lives, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, not only causing social isolation but also contributing to health problems. Biophilic attributes in built environments might improve people’s connection to nature and provide health benefits and influence landscape design applications. To confirm this, the present study took photos in urban green spaces and imported them into Google Vision AI to label their biophilic attributes and to predict the tradition environmental Qi in the space. The study found that natural labels, such as “tree, plant, grass, and park” significantly influenced people’s preference for a space, its tradition environmental qi, and people’s experiences of recovery and reflection. However, urban labels, such as “building, architecture, city, and house” were significantly negatively related to the same psychological outcomes. Using AI to define biophilic labels could optimize the psychological benefits of designed spaces and provide a new view for related landscape design work.
Anatomical-Guided Attention Enhances Unsupervised PET Image Denoising Performance
Creators: name: Onishi, Yuya
name: Hashimoto, Fumio
name: Ote, Kibo
name: Ohba, Hiroyuki
name: Ota, Ryosuke
name: Yoshikawa, Etsuji
name: Ouchi, Yasuomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although supervised convolutional neural networks (CNNs) often outperform conventional alternatives for denoising positron emission tomography (PET) images, they require many low- and high-quality reference PET image pairs. Herein, we propose an unsupervised 3D PET image denoising method based on an anatomical information-guided attention mechanism. The proposed magnetic resonance-guided deep decoder (MR-GDD) utilizes the spatial details and semantic features of MR-guidance image more effectively by introducing encoder-decoder and deep decoder subnetworks. Moreover, the specific shapes and patterns of the guidance image do not affect the denoised PET image, because the guidance image is input to the network through an attention gate. In a Monte Carlo simulation of [$^{18}$F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG), the proposed method achieved the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity (27.92 $\pm$ 0.44 dB/0.886 $\pm$ 0.007), as compared with Gaussian filtering (26.68 $\pm$ 0.10 dB/0.807 $\pm$ 0.004), image guided filtering (27.40 $\pm$ 0.11 dB/0.849 $\pm$ 0.003), deep image prior (DIP) (24.22 $\pm$ 0.43 dB/0.737 $\pm$ 0.017), and MR-DIP (27.65 $\pm$ 0.42 dB/0.879 $\pm$ 0.007). Furthermore, we experimentally visualized the behavior of the optimization process, which is often unknown in unsupervised CNN-based restoration problems. For preclinical (using [$^{18}$F]FDG and [$^{11}$C]raclopride) and clinical (using [$^{18}$F]florbetapir) studies, the proposed method demonstrates state-of-the-art denoising performance while retaining spatial resolution and quantitative accuracy, despite using a common network architecture for various noisy PET images with 1/10th of the full counts. These results suggest that the proposed MR-GDD can reduce PET scan times and PET tracer doses considerably without impacting patients.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Cultural heritage landscapes, ontological challenges and environmental justice in Aotearoa 1990-2020
Creators: name: Short, Nicola
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 210202 Heritage and Cultural Conservation
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 120102 Architectural Heritage and Conservation
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120107 Landscape Architecture

description: This item is part of: Boarin, P., Haarhoff, E., Manfredini, M., Mohammadzadeh, M., Premier, A., (2021). Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD Symposium, Future Cities Research Hub, School of Architecture and Planning of the University of Auckland. ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTThis paper summarises legal and planning statutes as they relate to cultural heritage landscapes and indigenous heritage. Since the mid 1990’s government agencies and heritage groups have attempted to develop structures and drafted policies for better protection of Māori heritage and cultural heritage landscapes. They have covered a wide and complex range of needs and values but, to date, have failed to embed better protective laws and policies with more effective outcomes. Through a socio-political critique of heritage law, planning and policy development in Aotearoa over the last 40 years the power relationships between different heritage ontologies in Aotearoa is explored.Further, this paper offers insights into Te Tiriti o Waitangi obligations, particularly principles of kāwanatanga (governance) and kaitiakitanga (guardianship). Expanding on the work of Huhana Smith (2013) shows how a cultural heritage landscape approach, if applied, would better address Te Tiriti obligations.Finally, the paper will highlight elements of the #protectihumātao campaign in Auckland that demonstrates the current weaknesses of heritage planning regimes and environmental regimes in Aotearoa.
RewriteLM: An Instruction-Tuned Large Language Model for Text Rewriting
Creators: name: Shu, Lei
name: Luo, Liangchen
name: Hoskere, Jayakumar
name: Zhu, Yun
name: Liu, Yinxiao
name: Tong, Simon
name: Chen, Jindong
name: Meng, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in creative tasks such as storytelling and E-mail generation. However, as LLMs are primarily trained on final text results rather than intermediate revisions, it might be challenging for them to perform text rewriting tasks. Most studies in the rewriting tasks focus on a particular transformation type within the boundaries of single sentences. In this work, we develop new strategies for instruction tuning and reinforcement learning to better align LLMs for cross-sentence rewriting tasks using diverse wording and structures expressed through natural languages including 1) generating rewriting instruction data from Wiki edits and public corpus through instruction generation and chain-of-thought prompting; 2) collecting comparison data for reward model training through a new ranking function. To facilitate this research, we introduce OpenRewriteEval, a novel benchmark covers a wide variety of rewriting types expressed through natural language instructions. Our results show significant improvements over a variety of baselines. The public repository is available on GitHub under Google Research (https://github.com/google-research/google-research/tree/master/rewritelm).
Inhalt
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2021

description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 62 Nr. 3 (2021): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Local symmetry of harmonic spaces as determined by the spectra of small geodesic spheres
Creators: name: Arias-Marco, Teresa
name: Schueth, Dorothee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53C20, 58J50, 58J53, 53C30, 22E25

description: We show that in any harmonic space, the eigenvalue spectra of the Laplace operator on small geodesic spheres around a given point determine the norm $|\nabla R|$ of the covariant derivative of the Riemannian curvature tensor in that point. In particular, the spectra of small geodesic spheres in a harmonic space determine whether the space is locally symmetric. For the proof we use the first few heat invariants and consider certain coefficients in the radial power series expansions of the curvature invariants $|R|^2$ and $|Ric|^2$ of the geodesic spheres. Moreover, we obtain analogous results for geodesic balls with either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX. Added a few lines in the introduction, corrected a few typos. Final version. Accepted for publication in GAFA
PHENIX first measurement of the J/psi elliptic flow parameter v2 in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 200 GeV
Creators: name: Silvestre, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results indicate that the J/psi suppression pattern differs with rapidity showing a larger suppression at forward rapidity. J/psi suppression mechanisms based on energy density (such as color screening, interaction with co-movers, etc.) predict the opposite trend. On the other hand, it is expected that more c\bar{c} pairs should be available to form quarkonia at mid-rapidity via recombination. Some models provide a way to differentiate J/psi production from initially produced c\bar{c} pairs and final state recombination of uncorrelated pairs, via the rapidity and transverse momentum dependence of the elliptic flow (v2). During 2007 data taking at RHIC, a large sample of Au+Au collisions at sqrt(sNN)=200 GeV was collected. The statistics has been increased compared to previous 2004 data set, thus allowing a more precise measurement of the J/psi production at both mid and forward rapidity. Furthermore, the PHENIX experiment benefited from the addition of a new detector, which improves the reaction plane resolution and allows us to measure the J/psi v2. Comparing this measurement to the positive D-mesons v2 (through non-photonic electron decays) will help constraining the J/psi production mechanisms and getting a more precise picture of the proportion of J/psi coming from direct production or charm quark coalescence. Details on how the J/psi v2 is measured at both rapidities are presented. The J/psi v2 as a function of transverse momentum are compared to existing models.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Quark Matter 2008 proceedings
Excitonic phases in a spatially separated electron-hole ladder model
Creators: name: Vu, DinhDuy
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the numerical ground state of a one-dimensional ladder model with the upper and lower chains occupied by spatially-separated electrons and holes, respectively. Under charge neutrality, we find that the excitonic bound states are always formed, i.e., no finite regime of decoupled electron and hole plasma exists at zero temperature. The system either behaves like a bosonic liquid or a bosonic crystal depending on the inter-chain attractive and intra-chain repulsive interaction strengths. We also provide the detailed excitonic phase diagrams in the intra- and inter-chain interaction parameters, with and without disorder. We also comment on the corresponding two-dimensional electron-hole bilayer exciton condensation.
description: 8 pages + 7 figures
title: ÐÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½ÑÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð² Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµ ÐºÑÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ²Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ
title: Stress intensity factors in the root of cruciform welded joints and crack initiation conditions
Creators: name: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð¶ÑÐ»Ð°, ÐÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð½
name: Ð¨Ð»ÐµÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹, ÐÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð½
name: "Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ: Ð½Ð°ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ", Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ñ (13; 2024; Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³)
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ð¡Ð²Ð°ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ²Ñ
ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹
ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹
Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ
ÑÑÑÐ°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°
stress intensity factor
stress concentration factor
lack of fusion
fatigue crack

description: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÑÑ ÐºÑÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ ÑÐ²Ð°ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð² ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ½Ðµ ÑÐ²Ð°. ÐÐ¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð² Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ° ÑÑÑÐ°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð½Ð° Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð´Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ°, Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ Ð¾Ñ Ð½ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð². Ð¡ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð½Ð°ÑÐ°Ð»Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ° Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸Ñ Ð³ÐµÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð². ÐÐ»Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð½Ð° Ð±Ð°Ð·Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¼ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ° ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑÐµÐµ Ð³ÐµÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ° Ð¸ ÑÑÐ°ÐµÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ° ÑÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ. ÐÐ¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¼Ð¸.
description: Cross welded joints with lack of penetration at the root of the weld are investigated. It is shown that, depending on the width and shape of the tip of the lack of fusion, a fatigue crack can initiate from a toe or lack of fusion, or from several concentrators simultaneously. A condition is formulated for the equally probable onset of destruction from the toe and lack of fusion, taking into account their geometric dimensions. For crack-shaped lack of fusion, based on finite element research, an equation for calculating stress intensity factors was obtained, taking into account the geometry of the joint, the parameters of lack of fusion and the crack growth trajectory. The resulting equation is compared with known dependencies.
Making Sense of Gender: The Perspectives of Autistic Children in Key Stage 2 and the Adults That Know Them Well
Creators: name: Wasilonek, Carla
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2022
Subjects: ASC
ASD
autism
autistic
gender identity
gender roles
gender stereotypes neurodiverse
social learning

description: There has been little research to date, in the UK or otherwise, that uses participatory visual methods to understand how autistic children make sense of gender. This research explored the experiences of three autistic children in Key Stage 2, their parents and members of staff, using a mosaic approach to data collection. This mosaic comprised of three activities with the children to understand their opinions on clothes and toys, and to find out about their special interests. The results of these activities were fed back to them and their parents to allow co-construction. Semi structured interviews were carried out with four parents and two members of school staff to complete the mosaic. The data was analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) to identify themes across the data. Five overarching themes were identified: The child’s view of the world; Self-expression through hobbies, play and interests; Making sense of clothes, making sense of people; The impact of the immediate environment; and Gendered messages are everywhere in the wider world we live in. The findings are discussed in relation to the underpinning theory and the existing corpus of data, and avenues for future research are discussed. These findings are relevant to professionals working with autistic children and young people and shed light on the sense making process relating to gender. The aim is that we might better understand and support autistic children and those who might be gender-diverse.
Optimal nonequilibrium entanglement of nanomechanical oscillators
Creators: name: Galve, Fernando
name: Lutz, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate nonequilibrium entanglement generation in a chain of harmonic oscillators with time-dependent linear coupling. We use optimal control theory to determine the coupling modulation that leads to maximum logarithmic negativity for a pair of opposite oscillators and show that it corresponds to a synchronization of the eigenmodes of the chain. We further analytically relate the maximum attainable entanglement to the irreversible work done to produce it, thus bridging nonequilibrium entanglement production and nonequilibrium thermodynamics.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Approaching Collateral Optimization for NISQ and Quantum-Inspired Computing
Creators: name: Giron, Megan
name: Korpas, Georgios
name: Parvaiz, Waqas
name: Malik, Prashant
name: Aspman, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collateral optimization refers to the systematic allocation of financial assets to satisfy obligations or secure transactions, while simultaneously minimizing costs and optimizing the usage of available resources. {This involves assessing number of characteristics, such as cost of funding and quality of the underlying assets to ascertain the optimal collateral quantity to be posted to cover exposure arising from a given transaction or a set of transactions. One of the common objectives is to minimise the cost of collateral required to mitigate the risk associated with a particular transaction or a portfolio of transactions while ensuring sufficient protection for the involved parties}. Often, this results in a large-scale combinatorial optimization problem. In this study, we initially present a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation for the collateral optimization problem, followed by a Quadratic Unconstrained Binary optimization (QUBO) formulation in order to pave the way towards approaching the problem in a hybrid-quantum and NISQ-ready way. We conduct local computational small-scale tests using various Software Development Kits (SDKs) and discuss the behavior of our formulations as well as the potential for performance enhancements. We further survey the recent literature that proposes alternative ways to attack combinatorial optimization problems suitable for collateral optimization.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, Published at IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering
Cultural heritage landscapes, ontological challenges and environmental justice in Aotearoa 1990-2020
Creators: name: Premier, Alessandro
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120105 Architecture Management
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified

description: This item was presented in Auckland at the: Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD SymposiumDate: 14-18/12/20Editors: Paola Boarin, Errol Haarhoff, Manfredo Manfredini, Mohsen Mohammadzadeh, Alessandro Premier

ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTThis paper summarises legal and planning statutes as they relate to cultural heritage landscapes and indigenous heritage. Since the mid 1990’s government agencies and heritage groups have attempted to develop structures and drafted policies for better protection of Māori heritage and cultural heritage landscapes. They have covered a wide and complex range of needs and values but, to date, have failed to embed better protective laws and policies with more effective outcomes. Through a socio-political critique of heritage law, planning and policy development in Aotearoa over the last 40 years the power relationships between different heritage ontologies in Aotearoa is explored.Further, this paper offers insights into Te Tiriti o Waitangi obligations, particularly principles of kāwanatanga (governance) and kaitiakitanga (guardianship). Expanding on the work of Huhana Smith (2013) shows how a cultural heritage landscape approach, if applied, would better address Te Tiriti obligations.Finally, the paper will highlight elements of the #protectihumātao campaign in Auckland that demonstrates the current weaknesses of heritage planning regimes and environmental regimes in Aotearoa.
Understanding the Optical Potential in HBT Interferometry
Creators: name: Luzum, Matthew
name: Cramer, John G.
name: Miller, Gerald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The validity of using a pion optical potential to incorporate the effects of final state interactions on HBT interferometry is investigated. We find that if the optical potential is real, the standard formalism is modified as previously described in the literature. However, if the optical potential is complex, a new term involving pion emission from eliminated states must be included. The size of such effects in previous work by Cramer and Miller is assessed.
description: 11 pages, two figures, for PRC
Irreducibility of Recombination Markov Chains in the Triangular Lattice
Creators: name: Cannon, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.2.1; G.2.2; G.3; F.2.2
subject: 68R10, 60J10

description: In the United States, regions are frequently divided into districts for the purpose of electing representatives. How the districts are drawn can affect who's elected, and drawing districts to give an advantage to a certain group is known as gerrymandering. It can be surprisingly difficult to detect gerrymandering, but one algorithmic method is to compare a current districting plan to a large number of randomly sampled plans to see whether it is an outlier. Recombination Markov chains are often used for this random sampling: randomly choose two districts, consider their union, and split this union in a new way. This works well in practice, but the theory behind it remains underdeveloped. For example, it's not known if recombination Markov chains are irreducible, that is, if recombination moves suffice to move from any districting plan to any other.
 Irreducibility of recombination Markov chains can be formulated as a graph problem: for a graph $G$, is the space of all partitions of $G$ into $k$ connected subgraphs ($k$ districts) connected by recombination moves? We consider three simply connected districts and district sizes $k_1\pm 1$ vertices, $k_2\pm 1$ vertices, and $k3\pm 1$ vertices. We prove for arbitrarily large triangular regions in the triangular lattice, recombination Markov chains are irreducible. This is the first proof of irreducibility under tight district size constraints for recombination Markov chains beyond small or trivial examples.
description: 81 pages, 37 figures. 10-page conference version published in SIAM Conference on Applied and Computational Discrete Algorithms, 2023 (ACDA23)
The role of viral infectivity in oncolytic virotherapy outcomes: A mathematical study
Creators: name: Pooladvand, Pantea
name: Yun, Chae-Ok
name: Yoon, A-Rum
name: Kim, Peter S.
name: Frascoli, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92-10

description: A model capturing the dynamics between virus and tumour cells in the context of oncolytic virotherapy is presented and analysed. The ability of the virus to be internalised by uninfected cells is described by an infectivity parameter, which is inferred from available experimental data. The parameter is also able to describe the effects of changes in the tumour environment that affect viral uptake from tumour cells. Results show that when a virus is inoculated inside a growing tumour, strategies for enhancing infectivity do not lead to a complete eradication of the tumour. Within typical times of experiments and treatments, we observe the onset of oscillations, which always prevent a full destruction of the tumour mass. These findings are in good agreement with available laboratory results. Further analysis shows why a fully successful therapy cannot exist for the proposed model and that care must be taken when designing and engineering viral vectors with enhanced features. In particular, bifurcation analysis reveals that creating longer lasting virus particles or using strategies for reducing infected cell lifespan can cause unexpected and unwanted surges in the overall tumour load over time. Our findings suggest that virotherapy alone seems unlikely to be effective in clinical settings unless adjuvant strategies are included.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures, 1 table
Generalizing Parametrization Invariance in the Calculus of Variations
Creators: name: Dharmavaram, Sanjay
name: Sharma, Basant Lal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35A15, 70S05, 74K15, 74K10

description: We revisit the notion of parametrization invariance while introducing certain weakened notions of invariance in the calculus of variations. In this work, we employ a straightforward approach in the classical setting and mostly restrict attention to functionals on one-dimensional domains. We establish a connection between parametrization invariant functionals and functionals embodying a weaker notion of invariance of their Lagrangian; we term this notion as T-Lagrangian analogous to the well-known idea of null Lagrangian. However, the Euler-Lagrange operator of a T-Lagrangian vanishes only along the tangential direction in the configuration space. On one-dimensional domain and for first- and second-order theories, we show that functional described by such a Lagrangian is necessarily a parametrization invariant functional modulo null Lagrangian. Keeping the motivation for partial differential equations, we also introduce and explore the notion of N-Lagrangian, with an invariance complementary to the case of T-Lagrangian, whose Euler-Lagrange operator vanishes along normal directions. We find that in a one-dimensional setting, every N-Lagrangian is simply a null Lagrangian.
Reducing the Toxicity of Designer Aminoglycosides as Nonsense Mutation Readthrough Agents for Therapeutic Targets
Creators: name: Popadynec, M
name: Baradaran-Heravi, A
name: Alford, B
name: Cameron, Scott
name: Clinch, K
name: Mason, Jennifer
name: Rendle, Phillip
name: Zubkova, Olga
name: Gan, Z
name: Liu, H
name: Rebollo, O
name: Whitfield, DM
name: Yan, F
name: Roberge, M
name: Powell, DA
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Organic Chemistry

description: A significant proportion of genetic disease cases arise from truncation of proteins caused by premature termination codons. In eukaryotic cells some aminoglycosides cause readthrough of premature termination codons during protein translation. Inducing readthrough of these codons can potentially be of therapeutic value in the treatment of numerous genetic diseases. A significant drawback to the repeated use of aminoglycosides as treatments is the lack of balance between their readthrough efficacy and toxicity. The synthesis and biological testing of designer aminoglycoside compounds is documented herein. We disclose the implementation of a strategy to reduce cellular toxicity and maintain readthrough activity of a library of compounds by modification of the overall cationic charge of the aminoglycoside scaffold through ring I modifications.
The structure of an isometric tuple
Creators: name: Kennedy, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47L55, 46L35, 47A13

description: An $n$-tuple of operators $(V_1,...,V_n)$ acting on a Hilbert space $H$ is said to be isometric if the operator $[V_1\...\ V_n]:H^n\to H$ is an isometry. We prove a decomposition for an isometric tuple of operators that generalizes the classical Lebesgue-von Neumann-Wold decomposition of an isometry into the direct sum of a unilateral shift, an absolutely continuous unitary and a singular unitary. We show that, as in the classical case, this decomposition determines the weakly closed algebra and the von Neumann algebra generated by the tuple.
description: 30 pages; significant changes
Cultural approach to circular economy. Preliminary analysis of intangible Toraja's vernacular architecture and its potential application on the coffee value chain
Creators: name: Rombe, Octaviana Sylvia Caroline
name: Goh, Hong Ching
name: Zuraini Md Ali
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 140201 Agricultural Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140211 Labour Economics
subject: 149902 Ecological Economics

description: This item is part of: Boarin, P., Haarhoff, E., Manfredini, M., Mohammadzadeh, M., Premier, A., (2021). Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD Symposium, Future Cities Research Hub, School of Architecture and Planning of the University of Auckland. ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACT The research found that the coffee value chain operates in a long linear path and has not adopted the local wisdom point of view. The real actors in the primary stage are community-based stakeholders. To employ the circular economy framework as the latest sustainable approach to the value chain, then the gap of the social value of the societal structure and the culture in a circular economy that mainly unexplored must be developed. Vernacular architecture represents the social and cultural value. This value has to be understood, translated, and employed in the framework. This research aims to create a framework for the community-based coffee value chain by adapting a circular economy framework with added social value and culture. It is done by analyzing the vernacular architecture values and the coffee culture where both are in the same frame of the cultural landscape, with case study Toraja. Furthermore, this paper will focus on the value of the carving motifs of Toraja vernacular architecture, which are part of the vernacular architecture's material symbols and its meaning in the social value and its interweaving with the coffee culture. The research employs a qualitative research methodology with a case study approach.
Invisible Upsilon decays into Light Dark Matter
Creators: name: Fayet, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Invisible psi and Upsilon decays into light neutralinos, within the MSSM or N(n)MSSM, are smaller than for nu nubar production, even if light spin-0 particles are coupled to quarks and neutralinos. In a more general way, light dark matter particles are normally forbidden, unless they can annihilate sufficiently through a new interaction stronger than weak interactions (at lower energies), as induced by a light spin-1 U boson, or heavy-fermion exchanges in the case of scalar dark matter. We discuss the possible contributions of U-boson, heavy-fermion, or spin-0 exchanges to invisible psi and Upsilon decays. U-exchanges could lead, but not necessarily, to significant branching fractions for invisible decays into light dark matter. We show how one can get the correct relic density together with sufficiently small invisible branching fractions, and the resulting constraints on the U couplings to ordinary particles and dark matter, in particular |c_chi.f_bV| < 5 10^-3 from Upsilon decays, for 2 m_chi smaller than a few GeV. We also explain why there is no model-independent way to predict psi and Upsilon branching fractions into light dark matter, from dark matter annihilation cross sections at freeze-out time.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Improving the Generalizability of Trajectory Prediction Models with Frenet-Based Domain Normalization
Creators: name: Ye, Luyao
name: Zhou, Zikang
name: Wang, Jianping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting the future trajectories of nearby objects plays a pivotal role in Robotics and Automation such as autonomous driving. While learning-based trajectory prediction methods have achieved remarkable performance on public benchmarks, the generalization ability of these approaches remains questionable. The poor generalizability on unseen domains, a well-recognized defect of data-driven approaches, can potentially harm the real-world performance of trajectory prediction models. We are thus motivated to improve generalization ability of models instead of merely pursuing high accuracy on average. Due to the lack of benchmarks for quantifying the generalization ability of trajectory predictors, we first construct a new benchmark called argoverse-shift, where the data distributions of domains are significantly different. Using this benchmark for evaluation, we identify that the domain shift problem seriously hinders the generalization of trajectory predictors since state-of-the-art approaches suffer from severe performance degradation when facing those out-of-distribution scenes. To enhance the robustness of models against domain shift problems, we propose a plug-and-play strategy for domain normalization in trajectory prediction. Our strategy utilizes the Frenet coordinate frame for modeling and can effectively narrow the domain gap of different scenes caused by the variety of road geometry and topology. Experiments show that our strategy noticeably boosts the prediction performance of the state-of-the-art in domains that were previously unseen to the models, thereby improving the generalization ability of data-driven trajectory prediction methods.
description: This paper was published in 2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). New version updated with links to the source code of the Frenet+ strategy
Unsupervised Portrait Shadow Removal via Generative Priors
Creators: name: He, Yingqing
name: Xing, Yazhou
name: Zhang, Tianjia
name: Chen, Qifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3.3; I.4.4

description: Portrait images often suffer from undesirable shadows cast by casual objects or even the face itself. While existing methods for portrait shadow removal require training on a large-scale synthetic dataset, we propose the first unsupervised method for portrait shadow removal without any training data. Our key idea is to leverage the generative facial priors embedded in the off-the-shelf pretrained StyleGAN2. To achieve this, we formulate the shadow removal task as a layer decomposition problem: a shadowed portrait image is constructed by the blending of a shadow image and a shadow-free image. We propose an effective progressive optimization algorithm to learn the decomposition process. Our approach can also be extended to portrait tattoo removal and watermark removal. Qualitative and quantitative experiments on a real-world portrait shadow dataset demonstrate that our approach achieves comparable performance with supervised shadow removal methods. Our source code is available at https://github.com/YingqingHe/Shadow-Removal-via-Generative-Priors.
description: Accepted to ACM MM 2021 (Oral). Code is available at: https://github.com/YingqingHe/Shadow-Removal-via-Generative-Priors
Subresultants in Recursive Polynomial Remainder Sequence
Creators: name: Terui, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 13P99; 68W30

description: We introduce concepts of "recursive polynomial remainder sequence (PRS)" and "recursive subresultant," and investigate their properties. In calculating PRS, if there exists the GCD (greatest common divisor) of initial polynomials, we calculate "recursively" with new PRS for the GCD and its derivative, until a constant is derived. We call such a PRS a recursive PRS. We define recursive subresultants to be determinants representing the coefficients in recursive PRS by coefficients of initial polynomials. Finally, we discuss usage of recursive subresultants in approximate algebraic computation, which motivates the present work.
description: 13 pages. Presented at CASC 2003 (Passau, Germany, September 20-26, 2003)