cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nijenhuis operators on $n$-Lie algebras
Creators: name: Liu, Jiefeng
name: Sheng, Yunhe
name: Zhou, Yanqiu
name: Bai, Chengming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study $(n-1)$-order deformations of an $n$-Lie algebra and introduce the notion of a Nijenhuis operator on an $n$-Lie algebra, which could give rise to trivial deformations. We prove that a polynomial of a Nijenhuis operator is still a Nijenhuis operator. Finally, we give various constructions of Nijenhuis operators and some examples.
description: 19 pages
Integration of the Largest Rooftop System: 12.3 MW in Different Industrial Buildings Of "Interporto Di Padova"
Creators: name: Vivian, M.
name: Giro, M.
name: Baggio, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
PV and Architecture

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3987-3990
description: This paper presents the experience of the construction of the largest rooftop system worldwide. The 12.3 MWp system was
realized during the year 2010 on 18 different buildings of “Interporto di Padova”, one of the main logistic areas in Italy. The
peculiarity of the roofs and the strictness of the Italian Feed-in tariff definitions for relatively similar systems, brought us to
the construction of a complex installation with the use of multicrystalline and thin film silicon modules. The technical and
financial analysis, illustrated in the paper, suggested the construction of 12 fully integrated roofs, 3 partially integrated and 3
not integrated ones. Moreover 1 MW of carports was installed near the buildings. This photovoltaic system can be considered
as a part of a more complex process of evolution of industrial areas to “green industrial areas”: the photovoltaic construction
makes asbestos removal economical, meanwhile the solar carports prepare the area for the installation of charging stations for
electric vehicles, which are already used for deliveries from the logistic area to the center of the city.
The system is a brilliant example of the feasibility of a large photovoltaic rooftop plant on many buildings with different
conditions, in a short time and with the cooperation of the local authorities. The modules are manufactured near the site and
the entire construction was realized by local companies: for these reasons the EPBT (Energy Payback Time) is reduced and
the system can be considered a “zero-mile” one. The requalification of the existing industrial areas can become a vital
activity for the photovoltaic industry allowing to avoid speculations and controversy in the field of large applications in agricultural areas.
title: Comparing Information Visualization Modalities for 2D Diagrams on Handheld Devices for Industrial Augmented Reality Applications
Creators: name: Brüggemann, Tim
name: Rudolph, Linda
name: Klusmann, Jack
name: Khan, Towsif
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024

description: Despite leaving the Gartner Hype Cycle for emerging technologies in 2019, indicating the technology’s maturity, Augmented Reality (AR) still finds relatively few applications in modern industry. To investigate the value of AR-based 3D representation for ab- stract data visualization, we developed and evaluated two distinct visualization methods for presenting informational diagrams. One method involves a conventional 2D representation on the screen of a mobile device, while the other integrates AR by placing an image plane in a 3D immersive scene. Subsequently, we conducted a user study, in which we assessed the feasibility and usability of both approaches, showing that both methods offer distinct advantages. The AR-based visualization provides great overall orientation and navigation, while the 2D visualization offers more precise manipu- lation and spatial flexibility. As users of mobile devices encounter AR more frequently and at increasingly younger ages, this topic remains intriguing and warrants further investigation. Our work investigates whether an AR visualization of complex diagrams is advantageous over display-based representations due to the poster- like spatial anchoring.
L1599B: Cloud Envelope and C+ Emission in a Region of Moderately Enhanced Radiation Field
Creators: name: Goldsmith, Paul F.
name: Pineda, Jorge L.
name: Langer, William D.
name: Liu, Tie
name: Requena-Torres, Miguel
name: Ricken, Oliver
name: Riquelme, Denise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of an asymmetric radiation field on the properties of a molecular cloud envelope. We employ observations of carbon monoxide (12CO and 13CO), atomic carbon, ionized carbon, and atomic hydrogen to analyze the chemical and physical properties of the core and envelope of L1599B, a molecular cloud forming a portion of the ring at approximately 27 pc from the star Lambda Ori. The O III star provides an asymmetric radiation field that produces a moderate enhancement of the external radiation field. Observations of the [CII] fine structure line with the GREAT instrument on SOFIA indicate a significant enhanced emission on the side of the cloud facing the star, while the [Ci], 12CO and 13CO J = 1-0 and 2-1, and 12CO J = 3-2 data from the PMO and APEX telescopes suggest a relatively typical cloud interior. The atomic, ionic, and molecular line centroid velocities track each other very closely, and indicate that the cloud may be undergoing differential radial motion. The HI data from the Arecibo GALFA survey and the SOFIA/GREAT [CII] data do not suggest any systematic motion of the halo gas, relative to the dense central portion of the cloud traced by 12CO and 13CO.
description: 9 Figures
Outdoor Characterisation of PV Modules for Energy Rating
Creators: name: Betts, T.R.
name: Williams, S.R.
name: Gottschalg, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3471-3474
description: This paper presents the results of using tracker-based outdoor measurements to derive the parameters
needed for PV module energy rating purposes. CREST has operated an automated, continuous outdoor I-V
measurement system for a number of years. In the last two years, the fixed-plane mounting structures have been
complemented by a two-axis tracker, used for separating the effects of changing solar angle of incidence from
module performance-driving variation of other environmental factors. The primary effects of irradiance and module
temperature are determined through gridding a year of outdoor data. The module short-circuit current (ISC) is used
as a spectrally-independent measure of incident irradiance. Spectral effects are considered through a comparison of
module current responses and spectral irradiance data. The paper also presents a comparison of the results derived
from the tracking-plane data and data from a fixed-orientation data set to include angular response information and
how both of these compare to typical indoor measurements of similar modules.
Estimating the compressibility of osmium from recent measurements of Ir-Os alloys under high pressure
Creators: name: Sarlis, N. V.
name: Skordas, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several fcc- and hcp-structured Ir-Os alloys have been recently studied up to 30 GPa at room temperature by means of synchrotron-based X-ray powder diffraction in diamond anvil cells. Using their bulk moduli -which increase with increasing osmium content showing a deviation from linearity- and after employing a thermodynamical model it was concluded that the bulk modulus for osmium is slightly smaller than that for diamond. Here, a similar conclusion is obtained upon employing an alternative model, thus strengthening the conclusion that osmium is the densest but not the most incompressible element. This is particularly interesting for Earth Sciences since it may be of key importance towards clarifying the anomalous elastic properties of the Earth's core.
description: 10 pages, 1 Figure
title: Respiration VR - Breathwork therapy in a real-time Virtual Reality environment on the Oculus Quest using a low-cost strain sensor
Creators: name: Beisiegel, Thomas
name: Grimm, Paul
name: Hergenröther, Elke
name: Thesen, Philipp
name: Suchoroschenko, Stefan
name: Dienes, Maikel
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024

description: This paper presents our Respiration Virtual Reality (VR) Envi- ronment, a prototype for virtual reality breathwork therapy that combines a low-cost, easy-to-manufacture sensor, standalone Virtual Reality (Meta Quest without additional hardware) and a corresponding therapeutic application with a gamified approach. The aim of the project was to realize an interactive form of therapy that achieves a high degree of effectiveness. Our framework condition was the development of a low-cost sensor that could be set up quickly, which works in a standing, sitting or lying position of the user and provides data on the user’s breathing in realtime. The challenge was to integrate external realtime sensors as seamlessly as possible into a virtual reality application and offer the user the most entertaining and motivating experience possible.
title: Towards natural language understanding for intuitive interactions in XR using large language models
Creators: name: Skyba, Kevin
name: Pfeiffer, Thies
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024

description: This paper presents a voice assistance system for extended reality (XR) applications based on large language models (LLMs). The aim is to create an intuitive and natural interface between users and virtual environments that goes beyond traditional, predefined voice commands. An architecture is presented that integrates LLMs as embodied agents in XR environments and utilizes their natural language understanding and contextual reasoning capabilities. The system interprets complex spatial instructions and translates them into concrete actions in the virtual environment. The performance of the system is evaluated in XR scenarios including object manipulation, navigation and complex spatial transformations. The results show promising performance in simple tasks, but also reveal challenges in processing complex spatial concepts. This work con- tributes to the improvement of user interaction in XR environments and opens up new possibilities for the integration of LLMs in XR environments.
title: Stereoscopic Depth and Object Size Effects on Fixations and Subjective Saliency in Autostereoscopic Displays
Creators: name: Tasliarmut, Melisa
name: Dettmann, André
name: Bullinger, Angelika C.
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024

description: For the purpose of effectively directing visual attention in monitoring or teleoperation tasks, such as highly visualized control rooms or assistance systems in vehicles, it is crucial to understand which attributes contribute to salient perception, since the use of attention-directing designs can ultimately affect response times. To date, research literature (e.g., on displays) and norms have focused on directing attention through 2D attributes such as color. With the increasing relevance of three-dimensional environments (VR, AR, 3D displays), this paper investigates stereoscopic depth and object size as saliency-guiding attributes to direct attention. To control for the effects of the perspective, object size is divided into the viewing angle and the actual size. To estimate which variations of depth and object size attract more attention in a pairwise comparison we conducted a within-subjects design with subjective saliency selection. The study involved N = 15 participants using an autostereoscopic 3D display. Measurements included recordings of the initial fixation with eye-tracking, the selection of the subjectively more salient item, and the reaction time. The results show that both the visual angle and the stereoscopic depth have independent effects on subjective saliency perception. In addition the effect of visual angle is stronger when the item is farther away. A clear distinction between object size and visual angle is therefore suggested for future studies.
The Effect of Accelerated Aging Tests on the Optical Properties of Silicone and EVA Encapsulants
Creators: name: McIntosh, K.R.
name: Cotsell, J.N.
name: Cumpston, J.S.
name: Norris, A.W.
name: Powell, N.E.
name: Ketola, B.M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3475-3482
description: The absorption coefficient of three silicones and EVA is measured before and after exposure to three
accelerated aging tests: (i) ~2000 hours under Xe-arc lamp exposure at room temperature, (ii) 1200 hours at 85% relative
humidity and 85 °C, and (iii) six months at the focal point of a 30× linear tracker. The first exposure satisfied the IEC’s UV
conditioning test but with the samples at room temperature rather than 60 °C, the second satisfied the IEEE’s damp-heat test
and the damp-heat component of the UL and IEC’s humidity-freeze tests, and the third is a stringent but non-conventional
test available at the Australian National University. The most stable encapsulant was found to be polydimethylsiloxane
(PDMS) silicone. The EVA was stable under the UV illumination but yellowed under damp-heat exposure and was
decimated by the 30× concentrated sunlight. We found the EVA to have the greatest tendency to absorb moisture, a feature
that increases scattering and reduces transmission.
The Influence of Binning Failures and Solar Cell Cracks on Mismatch Losses in Solar Modules
Creators: name: Kutzer, M.
name: Neuhaus, D.H.
name: Hartmann, H.-P.
name: Dienewald, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3483-3486
description: At the end of the solar cell manufacturing process the IV characteristic of each solar cell is measured to
determine the cell quality and sort the cell into current classes respectively to the defined classification scheme. The reason
for this is to minimise mismatch losses in the module consisting of series connected solar cells. Theoretically, solar cells out
of one current class should be assembled in one solar module. However, sorting or assembling failures as well as the
accuracy of cell measurement and of course cell cracks can cause mismatch losses in solar modules. The work presents a
model to predict the IV characteristic of a solar module from the IV data of the individual cells. Using this model it is
possible to demonstrate the impact of incorrect binning or solar cells with cracks on the module output power. In order to
verify the theoretical model a set of real modules has been assembled. Simulated and measured IV curves are in excellent
agreement. It is shown that the output power of a solar module is not only determined by the forward current of the lowest
cell, rather it is the reverse bias characteristic of this cell that regulates the output power. In order to demonstrate the
requirement of high quality standards in module manufacturing the impact of solar cell cracks on the module output power is
discussed.
Alcohol Use by Student Athletes
Creators: name: Harris, Marc
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Health promotion

description: There is a deeply embedded drinking culture in sport and a need for a greaterunderstanding of the individual and cultural mechanisms which create and sustain it.This thesis sought to understand this drinking culture (or ethos) by examining thealcohol-related experiences of athletes prior to, and throughout, university. Thisfocussed on the group level dynamics, power relations and perceived value of alcohol,and the environmental contributors to drinking. To develop a comprehensiveunderstanding of these phenomena, this thesis focussed on student rugby players inparticular and both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. In study one, anonline alcohol survey was distributed to students attending a single university in Wales,and in study two, participants were invited to provided follow-up data at three timepoints(Term 1, 2 and 3). In study three, fifteen semi-structured interviews wereconducted with male (n=9) and female (n=6) university rugby players. In study four, aseason-long case study of a male student rugby club was undertaken which utilised datafrom a variety of sources including observations (across multiple leagues and teams),traditional media reports, social media, conversational interviews, and semi-structuredinterviews with male players, a director of rugby and director of student services. Thisthesis provides novel evidence that a considerable proportion of athletes may beinducted into problematic alcohol use during adolescence and enter university withestablished drinking habits. Despite this, alcohol use is likely to increase further duringuniversity. Several factors may support this increase. Firstly, alcohol use andintoxication had symbolic value (capital) in sport, allowing individuals to negotiate abetter position within a social hierarchy. Second, consumption was embedded within arigid social calendar as tradition. Third, a plethora of environmental factors, such asalcohol availability, pricing and marketing may have normalised a heavy drinkingculture. Collectively these factors may interact to prepare athletes for a heavy drinkingculture prior to their arrival at university and normalise this experience thereafter.
Index-antiguiding in narrow-ridge GaN-based laser diodes investigated by measurements of the current-dependent gain and index spectra and by self-consistent simulation
Creators: name: Redaelli, Luca
name: Wenzel, Hans
name: Piprek, Joachim
name: Weig, Thomas
name: Einfeldt, Sven
name: Martens, Martin
name: Lükens, Gerrit
name: Schwarz, Ulrich T.
name: Kneissl, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The threshold current density of narrow (1.5 μm) ridge-waveguide InGaN multi-quantum-well laser diodes, as well as the shape of their lateral far-field patterns, strongly depend on the etch depth of the ridge waveguide. Both effects can be attributed to strong index-antiguiding. A value of the antiguiding factor R = 10 is experimentally determined near threshold by measurements of the current-dependent gain and refractive index spectra. The device performances are simulated self-consistently solving the Schrödinger-Poisson equations and the equations for charge transport and waveguiding. Assuming a carrier-induced index change which matches the experimentally determined antiguiding factor, both the measured high threshold current and the shape of the far-field pattern of lasers with shallow ridges can be reproduced theoretically.
description: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in the IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics. IEEE is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
Roll-to-Roll Nanotexturisation of Layers on Steel Foil Substrates for nip Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Heijna, M.C.R.
name: Goris, M.J.A.A.
name: Soppe, W.J.
name: Schipper, W.
name: Wilde, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3090-3093
description: Light management is of utmost importance for thin film silicon solar cells. For nip cells, light
management can be provided by textured back reflectors. In this paper, we demonstrate the fabrication of
textured back contact foil on an industry compatible scale. A UV-curing lacquer on a stretch of 80 m of 30 cm
wide steel foil was nanotextured in roll-to-roll mode, using the contact imprint method. Lab-scale samples were
textured statically to test the effect on the growth of silicon by PECVD and cell efficiencies. The light trapping
effect increases with decreasing lateral feature size. High aspect ratio structures result in strong domain
boundaries defined by the period of the gratings and in non-conformal growth of the active layers of the cell. In
its turn, this non-conformal growth, with thinner coverage of the steep slopes of the texture can lead to shunting
problems in the solar cells. So, a balance needs to be found between optimum light scattering of the textured back
contact and optimum layer growth on that back contact.
title: Anti-aliasing Techniques in Virtual Reality: A User Study with Perceptual Pairwise Comparison Ranking Scheme
Creators: name: Waldow, Kristoffer
name: Scholz, Jonas
name: Misiak, Martin
name: Fuhrmann, Arnulph
name: Roth, Daniel
name: Latoschik, Marc Erich
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024

description: Anti-aliasing is essential for Virtual Reality (VR) applications, as the pixels of current VR displays subtend a large field of view. This makes various undersampling artifacts particularly noticeable. Un- derstanding state-of-the-art anti-aliasing techniques and their trade- offs is therefore crucial for optimizing VR experiences and develop- ing high-quality VR applications. This paper investigates multiple anti-aliasing techniques through a user study with pairwise compar- isons to determine the best method for image quality in VR, con- sidering both static and moving objects in four different plausible environments. Results indicate that the ranking of methods does not differ significantly between moving and static scenes. While naive Supersampling Anti-Aliasing provides the best image qual- ity from the tested methods and Fast Approximate Anti-Aliasing the worst, Temporal Anti-Aliasing and Multisample Anti-Aliasing achieved similar results in terms of image quality.
Off-shell Dark Matter: A Cosmological relic of Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Saravani, Mehdi
name: Afshordi, Niayesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a novel proposal for the origin of cosmological cold dark matter (CDM) which is rooted in the quantum nature of spacetime. In this model, off-shell modes of quantum fields can exist in asymptotic states as a result of spacetime nonlocality (expected in generic theories of quantum gravity), and play the role of CDM, which we dub off-shell dark matter (OfDM). However, their rate of production is suppressed by the scale of non-locality (e.g. Planck length). As a result, we show that OfDM is only produced in the first moments of big bang, and then effectively decouples (except through its gravitational interactions). We examine the observational predictions of this model: In the context of cosmic inflation, we show that this proposal relates the reheating temperature to the inflaton mass, which narrows down the uncertainty in the number of e-foldings of specific inflationary scenarios. We also demonstrate that OfDM is indeed cold, and discuss potentially observable signatures on small scale matter power spectrum.
ITO Thin Films Prepared by Synchronal Pulsed RF-DC Sputtering
Creators: name: Heimke, B.
name: Nyderle, R.
name: Junghähnel, Ma.
name: Hartung, U.
name: Kopte, T.
name: Junghähnel, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3099-3102
description: Indium tin oxide (ITO) is used as transparent front contact layer in thin film solar cell systems and other applications.
Commonly used (pulsed) DC sputtering of ITO provides high quality transparent conductive layers and is easy to use
on large area substrates. The approach of RF superimposed DC sputtering lowers the resistivity of ITO thin films in
comparison to DC or pulsed-DC sputtering. Thus the film thickness required and therewith the material costs can be
reduced. Furthermore the near infrared transmission of the deposited films can be enhanced.
ITO was deposited using a (pulsed) RF and a (pulsed) DC plasma excitation simultaneously. With increasing RF
power ratio the resistivity of ITO thin films decreases, even without additional heat exposure to the substrate.
However, adding RF power to a (pulsed) DC sputtering process leads to an increase of arc events. A Pulse
synchronization module (PSM), which connects the Pulse DC power generator and the RF power generator, was
implemented to synchronize both pulsing patterns. The PSM can adjust the pulse-on and -off times (duty cycle) of
both generators individually and optimize the sputtering process. This leads to a reduced arcing probability. The ITO
films obtained are characterized by a very low resistivity and a high electron mobility.
The ITO thin films were analyzed by UV-VIS and IR-spectroscopy as well as Hall-measurements.
title: Virtual Reality as a Tool for Monitoring Additive Manufacturing Processes via Digital Shadows
Creators: name: Rupp, Daniel
name: Kuhlen, Torsten W.
name: Rarbach, Sven
name: Wiechel, Dominik
name: Pottebaum, Jens
name: Weidemann, Tizia
name: Tranh Tran, Duc
name: Day, Robin
name: Zielinski, Jonas
name: Koenig, Valentina
name: Bremer, Jan
name: Kosche, Thomas
name: Grimm, Andreas
name: Bergs, Thomas
name: Graessler, Iris
name: Weissker, Tim
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024

description: We present a data acquisition and visualization pipeline that allows experts to monitor additive manufacturing processes, in particular laser metal deposition with wire (LMD-w) processes, in immersive virtual reality. Our virtual environment consists of a digital shadow of the LMD-w production site enriched with additional measurement data shown on both static as well as handheld virtual displays. Users can explore the production site by enhanced teleportation capabilities that enable them to change their scale as well as their elevation above the ground plane. In an exploratory user study with 22 participants, we demonstrate that our system is generally suitable for the supervision of LMD-w processes while generating low task load and cybersickness. Therefore, it serves as a first promising step towards the successful application of virtual reality technology in the comparatively young field of additive manufacturing.
title: Evaluation von Gesten- und Controller-Interaktionen im virtuellen Raum
Creators: name: Pilz, Vinzent
name: Langbehn, Eike
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024

description: Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden die beiden Eingabemethoden „Handtracking“ und „Controller“ in Hinblick auf ihre Einsatzmöglichkeiten zur Interaktion im virtuellen Raum verglichen und beurteilt. Während es bereits Untersuchungen zum Vergleich von einfachen Greif- und Ablage-Aufgaben gibt, fehlt es noch an solchen zu anderen gängigen Aufgaben, die herkömmlicher Weise mit Controllereingaben ausgeführt werden . Dafür durchlaufen die Teilnehmer der Studie abwechselnd jeweils einmal mit jeder Eingabemethode eine Teststrecke in einer virtuellen Realität und bewerten ihre Erfahrungen per Fragebogen. Neben dem Einsatz der System Usability Scale (SUS) für beide Eingabemethoden und dem Erfassen von Leistungsstatistiken aus der Anwendung werden die Handposen zusätzlich auf Natürlichkeit und Spaß bewertet. Die Teilnehmer begründen außerdem die Wahl ihrer favorisierten Eingabemethode und kommentieren, wenn nötig, erlebte Probleme. Zur Auswertung werden die Teilnehmer in verschiedene Gruppen zusammengefasst und ihre Ergebnisse miteinander verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das Handtracking durchschnittlich schlechter als die Nutzung von Controllern bewertet wird, was hauptsächlich an Problemen liegt, die dem Stand der Technik der genutzten Hardware geschuldet sind.
Transparent Conducting Oxide Electrodes Requirements for High Efficiency Micromorph Solar Cells
Creators: name: Boccard, M.
name: Cuony, P.
name: Söderström, T.
name: Bugnon, G.
name: Despeisse, M.
name: Battaglia, C.
name: Ding, L.
name: Nicolay, S.
name: Ballif, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3108-3111
description: The requirements for a micromorph tandem cell front transparent conductive oxide (TCO) are multiple.
This essential layer needs a high transparency, excellent conduction, strong light scattering into silicon and good
surface morphology for the subsequent growth of silicon cells. These parameters are all linked and trade-offs have to
be found for optimal layer. The optimum combination, taking into account current achievable materials properties, is
still unclear. Concerning transparency, we study here the impact of free carrier absorption (FCA) on the
photogenerated current by using first doped and non-intentionally-doped zinc oxide (ZnO). Then, Bi-layers made of
flat indium tin oxide (ITO) under various thicknesses of rough ZnO allow a study of the haze influence alone. It is
shown that FCA induces drastic current losses in the infra-red part of the spectrum, and haze increase enhances the
cell response in the infra-red part up to a certain limit of grain size. Surface feature sizes above 0.4μm appear to be
useless for haze increase purpose at the ZnO/Si interface. By using an optimized 2μm thick LPCVD ZnO,
micromorph cells showing 13.7% initial efficiency, with a total current of 27.7 mA/cm2 could be obtained with
240nm and 2.8μm of top and bottom cell thicknesses.
title: Investigating the Impact of Virtual Hand Realism on Embodiment and Redirection Sensitivity in Virtual Reality
Creators: name: Hartfill, Judith
name: Schrader, Mats
name: Steinicke, Frank
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024

description: Virtual reality (VR) offers immersive experiences by extending beyond real-world capabilities. Typically, users’ real-world hand movements are directly mapped to their virtual hands. However, it can be beneficial to redirect users’ hands by displaying virtual hands at different positions. Noticeable redirection can disrupt immersion, making understanding detection thresholds essential. This study investigates how virtual hand models with different levels of realism in terms of appearance and dexterity affect redirection sensitivity with a gain based redirection method. Twenty-nine participants performed reaching tasks in a virtual environment with varying redirection amounts using four hand models. We found significant differences in the sense of embodiment across hand models. However, detection thresholds for redirection sensitivity did not vary significantly between hand models.
title: Mixed Reality Theatre – Towards a Theatre of Extended Realites
Creators: name: Geiger, Chris
name: Triebus, Charlotte
name: Harth, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024

description: This paper explores the emerging field of Mixed Reality Theatre [1], examining the intersection of traditional theatrical practices with cutting-edge Extended Reality (XR) technologies. We draw on the ongoing research project "Theater of Extended Realities." Our investigation focuses on the integration of Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), and other XR technologies into theatrical productions. We explore how these technologies enable novel forms of immersive and interactive storytelling. The project employs Milgram and Kishino's Reality-Virtuality Continuum as a theoretical framework, situating various forms of mixed reality experiences within the theatrical context. Through this examination, we aim to contribute to several ongoing dialogues. We address the balance between technological innovation and artistic integrity. We explore the potential for creating personalized and participatory experiences. Additionally, we discuss the future of theatre in the digital age. Finally, we provide insights into how XR technologies can enhance, rather than replace, the fundamental qualities of live performance.
Magnetic order and spin excitations in the Kitaev--Heisenberg model on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Vladimirov, A. A.
name: Ihle, D.
name: Plakida, N. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the quasi-two-dimensional pseudo-spin-1/2 Kitaev - Heisenberg model proposed for A2IrO3 (A=Li, Na) compounds. The spin-wave excitation spectrum, the sublattice magnetization, and the transition temperatures are calculated in the random phase approximation (RPA) for four different ordered phases, observed in the parameter space of the model: antiferomagnetic, stripe, ferromagnetic, and zigzag phases. The Néel temperature and temperature dependence of the sublattice magnetization are compared with the experimental data on Na2IrO3.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, to be published in JETP
A near infrared line list for \NH: Analysis of a Kitt Peak spectrum after 35 years
Creators: name: Barton, Emma J.
name: Yurchenko, Sergei. N.
name: Tennyson, Jonathan
name: Béguier, S.
name: Campargue, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Fourier Transform (FT) absorption spectrum of room temperature NH3 in the region 7400 - 8600 cm-1 is analysed using a variational line list and ground state energies determined using the MARVEL procedure. The spectrum was measured by Dr Catherine de Bergh in 1980 and is available from the Kitt Peak data center. The centers and intensities of 8468 ammonia lines were retrieved using a multiline fitting procedure. 2474 lines are assigned to 21 bands providing 1692 experimental energies in the range 7000 - 9000 cm-1. The spectrum was assigned by the joint use of the BYTe variational line list and combination differences. The assignments and experimental energies presented in this work are the first for ammonia in the region 7400 - 8600 cm-1, considerably extending the range of known vibrational-excited states
description: 27 pages, 6 table, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy
Photon Harvesting in Nanostructured Dielectric Substrates for Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Buatier De Mongeot, F.
name: Imperatore, L.
name: Boragno, C.
name: Chiappe, D.
name: Martella, C.
name: Delli Veneri, P.
name: Mercaldo, L.V.
name: Usatii, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3112-3116
description: In this paper we describe a self-organised nanofabrication technique combining defocused Ion Beam
Sputtering (IBS) and RF Magnetron-Sputtering for the production of textured TCO (Transparent Conductive Oxide)
films with controlled nanoscale periodic pattern. First we form a pattern characterized by high aspect ratio grooves on a
flat glass substrate recurring to Ion Beam Sputtering (IBS) of a sacrificial metallic mask. Subsequently we deposit Aldoped
ZnO films (AZO) as a transparent conductive oxide in different steps of increasing thickness. We observe that the
AZO films grow conformal to the underlying pattern of the substrate and we propose these samples as support for thin
film solar cells with multiple rough interfaces for photon harvesting applications. We further use the high aspect ratio
features of the TCO film in order to induce the growth and confinement of metallic nano-particles recurring to shadow
deposition. In this way we realize an array of self-organised polycrystalline Au nanowires (NWs) in registry with the
substrate pattern. The NW arrays present a broadband and tunable plasmonic response with a spectrally selective dichroic
behaviour due to the anisotropic excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR). The light scattering related
to the plasmonic resonances of the NWs can be further exploited to enhance light trapping in thin film PV devices.
Chemical and physical characterization of collapsing low-mass prestellar dense cores
Creators: name: Hincelin, U.
name: Commercon, B.
name: Wakelam, V.
name: Hersant, F.
name: Guilloteau, S.
name: Herbst, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first hydrostatic core, also called the first Larson core, is one of the first steps in low-mass star formation, as predicted by theory. With recent and future high performance telescopes, details of these first phases become accessible, and observations may confirm theory and even bring new challenges for theoreticians. In this context, we study from a theoretical point of view the chemical and physical evolution of the collapse of prestellar cores until the formation of the first Larson core, in order to better characterize this early phase in the star formation process. We couple a state-of-the-art hydrodynamical model with full gas-grain chemistry, using different assumptions on the magnetic field strength and orientation. We extract the different components of each collapsing core (i.e., the central core, the outflow, the disk, the pseudodisk, and the envelope) to highlight their specific physical and chemical characteristics. Each component often presents a specific physical history, as well as a specific chemical evolution. From some species, the components can clearly be differentiated. The different core models can also be chemically differentiated. Our simulation suggests some chemical species as tracers of the different components of a collapsing prestellar dense core, and as tracers of the magnetic field characteristics of the core. From this result, we pinpoint promising key chemical species to be observed.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
High Performing Pb Free mc Solar Cells
Creators: name: Prunchak, R.
name: Gao, X.
name: Kleine Jäger, F.
name: Heinz, B.
name: Hermes, S.
name: Theobald, J.
name: Buck, T.
name: Rudolph, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1636-1639
description: Results on the development of lead-free screen printable metal pastes required for solar
cell manufacturing are reported. All pastes were evaluated on multi-crystalline silicon material prepared with an
industrially proven processing sequence. Efficiencies on the same level with state-of-the-art industrial leaded
references have been achieved with fill factors of 78.7% on average using a completely lead-free system. The rear
side Ag paste was optimized to reduce paste weight and to give best efficiencies. The new lead-free rear side Ag
paste exhibited excellent adhesion even after a reduction in deposited material of approximately 40%.
Low-Temperature Metallization for Current Collection and Monolithic Series Interconnection of Flexible Thin-Film PV Devices
Creators: name: Löffler, J.
name: Heijna, M.C.R.
name: Rubingh, J.-E.
name: Van Lammeren, T.
name: Furthner, F.
name: Abbel, R.
name: Meinders, E.R.
name: Grouchko, M.
name: Kamishny, A.
name: Magdassi, S.
name: Pex, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3103-3107
description: In the EU-FP7 project LOTUS an inkjet printing platform is developed including ink formulations and
fast curing processes at low substrate temperature. This metallisation process is aimed for device fabrication by costeffective
roll-to-roll production. Here, the specifications of metallisation patterns for different thin-film silicon and
organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices on flexible substrates are presented, together with a benchmark of existing screen
printing and inkjet technologies using low-temperature curing silver inks and with first results from nanoparticle inks
developed in the project. For the screen printing of narrow lines it is concluded that polymeric thin-film pastes
achieve better aspect ratios, while nanoparticle based Ag formulations have proven the potential to approach the bulk
conductivity of metallic silver. Commercially available inkjet formulations are comparable to these screen printed
nanoparticle pastes. Finally, Ag inks with competitive conductivity potential that can be cured even at room
temperature are presented as an example of promising solutions that are studied in the LOTUS project.
Evaluation of N-Rich, P and B Containing SiNx Materials as Passivation Layer for Silicon Solar Cell
Creators: name: Gall, S.
name: Hida, R.
name: Paviet-Salomon, B.
name: Manuel, S.
name: Dechenaux, S.
name: Vandroux, L.
name: Monna, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1648-1652
description: Increasing passivation quality of POCl3 diffused emitters is a key point to increase electrical
performances of silicon solar cells. For this goal, three strategies are investigated: (i) reducing the surface
concentration of dopant on initial emitter by etch-back, (ii) growing N-rich SiNx layer by tuning NH3/SiH4 flow
during deposition, (iii) introducing dopant precursors (PH3 or TMB) during deposition to grow either SiN(P) or
SiN(B) materials. Layer characterization reveals strong impact of SiNx composition on optical and chemical
properties. Passivation quality of such layers presents good improvement on highly depleted emitter, confirming
their interest for implementation on selective emitter structures.
Nano-Imprint Technique for Back Reflector in High Efficiency n-i-p Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Söderström, K.
name: Escarré, J.
name: Remi, R.
name: Cubero, O.
name: Eminian, C.
name: Haug, F.-J.
name: Ballif, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2899-2903
description: In this contribution, the replication of nano-textures enhancing the short circuit current of thin film
silicon solar cells onto low cost substrates (glass or PolyEthylene Naphtalate (PEN)) is studied. Optical and
morphological analysis is performed to asses the quality of these replicas. Single and tandem a-Si:H solar cells
are deposited on top of the master and replica structures to verify their suitability to be used as substrates for
solar cells in substrate (n-i-p) configuration. We find similar stabilized efficiencies (> 8 %) for tandem cells on a
master and a PEN replica of a different texture. The use of a soft stamp to make these replicas is smoothing the
original features of the masters. Replications with higher fidelity of fine features are obtained with solid stamps.
Such replicas do not exhibit discernible differences when compared to their master textures by atomic force
microscopy measurements. Moreover a comparison of single junction amorphous cells made on a replica and on
its corresponding master shows no difference in term of light trapping capability of the texture.
Influence of Pretreatment Chemistry on the Performance of Direct Plated Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bay, N.
name: Burschik, J.
name: Cimiotti, G.
name: Fritz, N.
name: Kleinschmidt, S.
name: Sieber, M.
name: Kray, D.
name: Lühn, O.
name: Kühnlein, H.
name: Nussbaumer, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1659-1661
description: The implementation of the selective emitter technology is one of the most attractive changes for
industrial solar cell manufacturing. In this paper the pretreatment prior to light induced plating of thin
electrodeposited Nickel seed layers and subsequent electrodeposited Silver has been studied. The cell results have
been analyzed in terms of ghost-plating, contact resistance of the Silicon/Nickel interface and shunting behavior
depending on the used pretreatment solution.
Conclusion: An influence was observed using different pretreatment solutions prior to nickel plating concerning
ghost-plating, contact resistance and adhesion of the plated solar cell. The best cell results processed so far on multi
crystalline silicon solar cells without ghost-plating reached an efficiency of 17.5% on industrial production
compatible processes.
Solar Photovoltaic Systems Performance in Malta: Potential Versus Real Contribution to the 2020 RE Target
Creators: name: Mule'Stagno, L.
name: Yousif, C.
name: Vaquero Palacios, E.R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4381-4384
description: As part of the Malta Renewable Energy Action Plan to reach 10.2% renewable energy target by 2020, about 25
MWp of photovoltaic installations, forming 0.69% of the total final energy consumption in 2020 will have been
installed. Most of these will be placed on industrial or domestic rooftops. Space is limited and it is therefore
important that systems are installed to maximize performance. Installations were relatively rare before 2008 and
so far about 5 MWp have been installed. This paper summarises the results of a study on the performance of a
number of recently-installed photovoltaic systems, to determine how close to the optimum they were performing
in comparison to theoretical yield and best-in-class system. Systems were analyzed for correct inclination,
orientation, shading, correct inverter sizing and soiling. The analysis indicated that most systems are performing
5-6% below the optimal value. The main culprits for the lower performance were shading by boundary walls or
other rows of PV arrays. These systems still achieved a respectable c. 1600 kWh/kWp but that value was about
130 kWh/kWp lower than the best performing system that achieved 1730 kWh/kWp. If an average loss of 100
kWh/kWp holds for all the systems installed this is resulting in a loss of about 500, 000 kWh per year or enough
energy to power 100 Maltese homes and will result in an even higher loss in the future. Most of these losses can
be avoided by properly training installers to make sure each system is optimally installed. This process of training
has now started.