cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The role of ionotropic glutamate receptors in memory formation after a passive avoidance task in the domestic chick (Gallus domesticus).
Creators: name: Steele, Robert James
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1995

description: Memory formation depends on alterations in synaptic morphology, and specific L-glutamate receptor subtypes (NMDA and AMPA receptors) are known to play a key role insuch synaptic plasticity. Changes in binding of neurotransmitters to discrete populations of receptors, in specific brain regions, could directly subserve memory related increases in synaptic efficacy. The cellular correlates of memory formation have been extensively studied in the chick brain, using one trial passive avoidance training. Alterations in receptor binding can be studied using quantitative autoradiography in conjunction with this paradigm. Also, this paradigm can be used to study the behavioural responses of chicks to drugs which act at specific receptors. These techniques were used to investigate the effect of passive avoidance on the binding characteristics of ionotropic L-glutamate receptors at specific times post-training, and of drug injections on the avoidance response. Pre-training intracerebral injection of NMDA receptor antagonists (MK-801, 7-ClK) were found to block the early stages of memory formation, whereas AMPA receptor antagonists did not. Injection of an AMPA receptor antagonist (CNQX) 4.5 or 5.5 h after training, however, blocked memory retention at 6.5 h. Autoradiographic data indicated the presence of two NMDA receptor subtypes in the chick forebrain, NMDA and CPP preferring receptors. The binding properties of these were found to be altered 30 min and 3 h after passive avoidance training. 30 min post-training, increased binding to NMDA receptors was found in the left IMHV and left LPO. At 3 h post-training increased numbers of nNMDA receptors were detected in the hippocampus and left AIv, whilst the affinity of cNMDA receptors increased in the AIv. The only alterations in the binding properties of AMPA receptors were at 6.5 h post-training, when increases in their affinity were found bilaterally in the IMHV and in the left PA (see abbreviations).
Isospin Symmetry Breaking Effects on the Properties of Asymmetrical Nuclear Matter and $β$-Stable Matter
Creators: name: Bordbar, G. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the influences of isospin symmetry breaking of nucleon-nucleon interaction on the various properties of asymmetrical nuclear matter and $β$-stable matter. For asymmetrical nuclear matter, it is found that by including this isospin symmetry breaking, the changes of bulk properties increase by increasing both density and asymmetry parameter. However, these effects on the total energy and equation of state of $β$-stable matter are ignorable. For asymmetrical nuclear matter, the validity of the empirical parabolic law in the isospin symmetry breaking case is shown. It is observed that the isospin symmetry breaking of nucleon-nucleon interaction affects the $β$-equilibrium conditions in $β$-stable matter.
description: 9 figures, International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 43 (2004) in press
Optomechanical cooling by STIRAP-assisted energy transfer $:$ an alternative route towards the mechanical ground state
Creators: name: Sarma, Bijita
name: Busch, Thomas
name: Twamley, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard optomechanical cooling methods ideally require weak coupling and cavity damping rates which enable the motional sidebands to be well resolved. If the coupling is too large then sideband-resolved cooling is unstable or the rotating wave approximation can become invalid. In this work we describe a protocol to cool a mechanical resonator coupled to a driven optical mode in an optomechanical cavity, which is also coupled to an optical mode in another auxiliary optical cavity, and both the cavities are frequency-modulated. We show that by modulating the amplitude of the drive as well, one can execute a type of STIRAP transfer of occupation from the mechanical mode to the lossy auxiliary optical mode which results in cooling of the mechanical mode. We show how this protocol can outperform normal optomechanical sideband cooling in various regimes such as the strong coupling and the unresolved sideband limit.
Additional file 4 of Trends in neonicotinoid pesticide residues in food and water in the United States, 1999–2015
Creators: name: Craddock, Hillary A.
name: Huang, Dina
name: Turner, Paul C.
name: Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
name: Payne-Sturges, Devon C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Summary of Neonicotinoid Concentrations by Major Commodity, Domestic/Import, 1999 - 2015 (DOCX 17 kb)
The Land Gift Movement vs. Communism
Creators: name: Chauhan, Hirendra
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: About the middle of the year 1947, the British Parliament passed an enactment partitioning India into two-India and Pakistan, and conferring upon them self government, absolving itself of all responsibilities in the newly created states. It meant a withdrawal of the British political authority from India. Thus India became independent and a free nation on August 15, 1947. As the Congress Party advised by Mahatma Gandhi and led by Mr. Nehru, was the largest single political party, the rule of the newly independent country was handed over to it. But all that glitters is not gold. The Congress Party and the people of India had thought that the dawn of freedom might bring sunshine with it and the trouble would be over. This dream of the common masses did not come true. On the contrary, the things began to take a turn as though for the worse. Two weeks after independence, the harassed, attacked and pursued Hindus and Sikhs of Pakistan began to flee into India. Millions were on the move between September and December 1947. As a result of this long caravan of exodus, one out of every fifty persons in India today is a refugee from Pakistan.
Costly Self Control and Random Self Indulgence
Creators: name: Dekel, Eddie
name: Lipman, Barton L.
name: Dekel, Eddie
name: Lipman, Barton L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: We study the random Strotz model, a version of the Strotz (1955) model with uncer- tainty about the nature of the temptation that will strike. We show that the random Strotz representation is unique and characterize a comparative notion of \more temp- tation averse." Also, we demonstrate an unexpected connection between the random Strotz model and a generalization of the Gul{Pesendorfer (GP) (2001) model of temp- tation which allows for the temptation to be uncertain and which we call random GP. In particular, a preference over menus has a random GP representation i it also has a representation via a random Strotz model with suciently smooth uncertainty about the intensity of temptation. We also show that choices of menus combined with choices from menus can distinguish the random GP and random Strotz models.
The Land Gift Movement vs. Communism
Creators: name: Chauhan, Hirendra
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: About the middle of the year 1947, the British Parliament passed an enactment partitioning India into two-India and Pakistan, and conferring upon them self government, absolving itself of all responsibilities in the newly created states. It meant a withdrawal of the British political authority from India. Thus India became independent and a free nation on August 15, 1947. As the Congress Party advised by Mahatma Gandhi and led by Mr. Nehru, was the largest single political party, the rule of the newly independent country was handed over to it. But all that glitters is not gold. The Congress Party and the people of India had thought that the dawn of freedom might bring sunshine with it and the trouble would be over. This dream of the common masses did not come true. On the contrary, the things began to take a turn as though for the worse. Two weeks after independence, the harassed, attacked and pursued Hindus and Sikhs of Pakistan began to flee into India. Millions were on the move between September and December 1947. As a result of this long caravan of exodus, one out of every fifty persons in India today is a refugee from Pakistan.
Physical activity in children during physical education interventions guided by different pedagogical approaches
Creators: name: Crotti, Matteo
name: Rudd, James
name: Roberts, Simon
name: Davies, Katie
name: O'Callaghan, Laura
name: Foweather, Lawrence
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in children is an important target for Physical Education (PE) programmes globally. Therefore, an important consideration in the development of new pedagogy based PE curriculums is the maintenance of high levels of MVPA to support children’s long-term health and wellbeing. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare MVPA within linear pedagogy and nonlinear pedagogy based PE curriculums and usual practice in PE. Methods: Participants (n = 165, 53.3% female, 5-6 years) were recruited from nine primary schools within the SAMPLE-PE randomised controlled trial. Schools were randomly-allocated to Nonlinear and linear pedagogy intervention, where schools received a PE curriculum delivered by trained coaches over 15 weeks, and control schools that followed usual practice. Children’s MVPA was measured during 3 PE lessons (1 every 5 weeks) using ActiGraph GT9X accelerometers worn on non-dominant wrist. Differences between conditions for children’s MVPA were analysed using multilevel model analysis. A binomial regression was performed to evaluate whether the pedagogical approaches predicted spending 50% of more of the lesson in MVPA. Results: There were no significant group effect of control, linear and nonlinear pedagogy conditions in the time (p = 0.744) and percentage of time (p = 0.753) spent in MVPA and in the proportion of children meeting the ≥50% MVPA PE lesson guideline (p = 0.764). Conclusions: Linear and nonlinear pedagogical approaches in PE do not negatively impact on MVPA compared to usual practice. Nevertheless, practitioners may need to refine these pedagogical approaches to improve MVPA.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Function of the Cost and Value of Service in Air Freight Rate Making
Creators: name: Surba, Chester F.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3509
subject: Transportation, logistics and supply chains

description: One of the most fundamental problems confronting the public, management, and regulatory bodies connected with the function of transporting persons, property, and mail is the problem of rate making. The subject has such broad implications that it cannot be considered as being of concern only to the shipper, the carrier, or the governmental agencies, but is also related to the needs of the general public. The history of rate making during the last seventy years indicates the magnitude of the problem. Congress, the courts, regulatory bodies, industry, and the academic world have examined every detail of the rate-making process. The wide differences of opinion on basic issues aptly illustrate the difficulties encountered in developing and administering a rate-making system designed to meet the requirements of everyone concerned.
The three-body problem with short-range forces: renormalized equations and regulator-independent results
Creators: name: Afnan, I. R.
name: Phillips, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss effective field theory treatments of the problem of three particles interacting via short-range forces. One case of such a system is neutron-deuteron scattering at low energies. We demonstrate that in attractive channels the renormalization-group evolution of the 1+2 scattering amplitude may be complicated by the presence of eigenvalues greater than unity in the kernel. We also show that these eigenvalues can be removed from the kernel by one subtraction, resulting in an equation which is renormalization-group invariant. A unique solution for 1+2 scattering phase shifts is then obtained. We give an explicit demonstration of our procedure for both the case of three spinless bosons and the case of the doublet channel in nd scattering. After the contribution of the two-body effective range is included in the effective field theory, it gives a good description of the nd doublet phase shifts below deuteron breakup threshold.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures. Physical Review C to be published
Predicting excited states from ground state wavefunction by supervised quantum machine learning
Creators: name: Kawai, Hiroki
name: Nakagawa, Yuya O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excited states of molecules lie in the heart of photochemistry and chemical reactions. The recent development in quantum computational chemistry leads to inventions of a variety of algorithms that calculate the excited states of molecules on near-term quantum computers, but they require more computational burdens than the algorithms for calculating the ground states. In this study, we propose a scheme of supervised quantum machine learning which predicts the excited-state properties of molecules only from their ground state wavefunction resulting in reducing the computational cost for calculating the excited states. Our model is comprised of a quantum reservoir and a classical machine learning unit which processes the measurement results of single-qubit Pauli operators with the output state from the reservoir. The quantum reservoir effectively transforms the single-qubit operators into complicated multi-qubit ones which contain essential information of the system, so that the classical machine learning unit may decode them appropriately. The number of runs for quantum computers is saved by training only the classical machine learning unit, and the whole model requires modest resources of quantum hardware that may be implemented in current experiments. We illustrate the predictive ability of our model by numerical simulations for small molecules with and without noise inevitable in near-term quantum computers. The results show that our scheme well reproduces the first and second excitation energies as well as the transition dipole moment between the ground states and excited states only from the ground state as an input. We expect our contribution will enhance the applications of quantum computers in the study of quantum chemistry and quantum materials.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Torsional Oscillations of a Rotating Column of $^3$He-B
Creators: name: Henderson, Karen L.
name: Barenghi, Carlo F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analysed the axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric modes of a continuum of vortices in a rotating superfluid. We have investigated how changing the temperature affects the growth rate of the disturbances. We find that, in the long axial wavelength limit the condition q=alpha/(1-alpha')=1, where alpha and alpha' are temperature-dependent mutual friction parameters, is the crossover between damped and propagating Kelvin waves. Thus at temperatures for which q>1, perturbations on the vortices are unlikely to cause vortex reconnections and turbulence. These results are in agreement with the recent discovery of Finne et al (2003} of an intrinsic condition for the onset of quantum turbulence in $^3$He-B.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Strong coupling of exciton-polaritons in a bulk GaN planar waveguide: quantifiying the coupling strength
Creators: name: Brimont, C.
name: Doyennette, L.
name: Kreyder, G.
name: Réveret, F.
name: Disseix, P.
name: Médard, F.
name: Leymarie, J.
name: Cambril, E.
name: Bouchoule, S.
name: Gromovyi, M.
name: Alloing, B.
name: Rennesson, S.
name: Semond, F.
name: Zúñiga-Pérez, J.
name: Guillet, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the demonstration and quantification of the strong coupling between excitons and guided photons in a GaN slab waveguide. The dispersions of waveguide polaritons are measured from T=6~K to 300~K through gratings. They are carefully analyzed within four models based on different assumptions, in order to assess the strong coupling regime. We prove that the guided photons and excitons are strongly coupled at all investigated temperatures, with a small $(11 \%)$ dependence on the temperature. However the values of the Rabi splitting strongly vary among the four models: the "coupled oscillator" model over-estimates the coupling; the analytical "Elliott-Tanguy" model precisely describes the dielectric susceptibility of GaN near the excitonic transition, leading to a Rabi splitting equal to $82 \pm 10 \ meV$ for TE0 modes; the experimental ellipsometry-based model leads to smaller values of $55 \pm 6 \ meV.$ We evidence that for waveguides including active layers with large oscillator strengths, as required for room-temperature polaritonic devices, a strong bending of the modes dispersion is not necessarily the signature of the strong-coupling, which requires for its reliable assessment a precise analysis of the material dielectric susceptibility.
description: 145 pages, 8 figures
Response of Autonomic Nervous System to Body Positions: Fourier and Wavelet Analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Aiguo
name: Gonnella, G.
name: Federici, A.
name: Stramaglia, S.
name: Simone, F.
name: Zenzola, A.
name: Santostasi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Two mathematical methods, the Fourier and wavelet transforms, were used to study the short term cardiovascular control system. Time series, picked from electrocardiogram and arterial blood pressure lasting 6 minutes, were analyzed in supine position (SUP), during the first (HD1), and the second parts (HD2) of $90^{\circ}$ head down tilt and during recovery (REC). The wavelet transform was performed using the Haar function of period $T=2^j$ ($% j=1$,2,$... $,6) to obtain wavelet coefficients. Power spectra components were analyzed within three bands, VLF (0.003-0.04), LF (0.04-0.15) and HF (0.15-0.4) with the frequency unit cycle/interval. Wavelet transform demonstrated a higher discrimination among all analyzed periods than the Fourier transform. For the Fourier analysis, the LF of R-R intervals and VLF of systolic blood pressure show more evident difference for different body positions. For the wavelet analysis, the systolic blood pressures show much more evident difference than the R-R intervals. This study suggests a difference in the response of the vessels and the heart to different body positions. The partial dissociation between VLF and LF results is a physiologically relevant finding of this work.
description: RevTex,8 figures
Understanding teachers perceived barriers and facilitators to implementing classroom-based physical activity interventions using the COM-B Model and Behaviour Change Wheel
Creators: name: Cline, Alice
name: Knox, Gareth
name: De Martin Silva, Luciana
name: Draper, Stephen
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Interventions aiming to improve physical activity (PA) inside classrooms need to better understand and address the barriers (practical, social, physical and political) to implementation faced by teachers if sustained behavioural change is to be achieved. Purpose: To explore teachers perceived barriers and facilitators to implementing classroom-based PA interventions. Methods: Semi-structured focus groups were conducted with 24 participants including teachers, teaching assistants, head teachers and governors from 6 schools across Gloucestershire. Themes from the COM-B model and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) (Mitchie et al., 2013) were used to help guide the group discussions. Once transcribed, thematic analysis was used to code and theme the data. Results: Drawing from the COM-B model, perceived barriers were raised around (a) capability; “there is definitely a fear around…unless they have a sport background there is an element of the unknown that puts people off”, (b) opportunity; “with the overloaded curriculum, it’s a squash to get everything in as it is”, and (c) motivation; “it’s a hard choice when you have lots of marking to do, do we do an outside activity or do I get this done instead?”. However, as identified by the BCW, functions such as education, incentivisation, enablement and environmental restructuring were identified as possible facilitators. Conclusion: Classroom based PA interventions are often faced with problems regarding sustainability. This study highlights the importance of taking multi-level factors, such as lack of capability, confidence and time constraints, into consideration when designing and implementing classroom-based PA interventions.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
The Chandra Detection of Galactic Center X-ray Features G359.89-0.08 and G359.54+0.18
Creators: name: Lu, F. J.
name: Wang, Q. D.
name: Lang, C. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the detection of two elongated X-ray features G359.89-0.08 and G359.54+0.18 in the Galactic center (GC) region using the Chandra X-ray Observatory. G359.89-0.08 is an elongated X-ray feature located $\sim$2\arcmin in projection south of the center of the Galaxy, SgrA$^*$. This X-ray feature source is partially coincident with a slightly curved (``wisp''-like) non-thermal radio source. The X-ray spectrum of G359.89-0.08 can be best characterized as non-thermal, with a photon index of 2. The morphological and spectral characteristics of the X-ray and radio emission associated with G359.89-0.08 are best interpreted as the synchrotron emission from a ram-pressure confined pulsar wind nebula. G359.54+0.18 is one of the most prominent radio non-thermal filaments (NTFs) in the GC region, located $\sim$30\arcmin in projection from SgrA$^*$. A narrow ($\sim$10\arcsec) filament of X-ray emission appears to arise from one of the two strands that comprise the radio NTF. Although the photon statistics are poor for this source, the X-ray emission is also likely to be non-thermal in nature. Several models for the production of X-ray emission in G359.54+0.18 are discussed.
description: 19 pages with 6 figures included, accepted by AJ
Variance Estimation With USDA's Farm Costs and Returns Surveys and Agricultural Resource Management Study Surveys.
Creators: name: Dubman, Robert
name: Dubman, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: Farm Costs and Returns Survey
subject: FCRS
subject: Agricultural Resource Management Study
subject: ARMS
subject: stratified survey variance
subject: jackknife variance

description: USDA's annual Farm Costs and Returns Surveys and Agricultural Resource Management Study surveys apply complex stratified, multiple-frame, probability-weighted, and sometimes multiple-phase sampling methods to provide financial measures of the agricultural sector. This paper is an overview of survey estimators, sample design, hypothesis testing, disclosure rules, and reliability measures for the two surveys followed by statistical program documentation. Sums, ratios, means, multiple regression, binomial logit analysis, and order statistics are covered.
Function of the Cost and Value of Service in Air Freight Rate Making
Creators: name: Surba, Chester F.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: One of the most fundamental problems confronting the public, management, and regulatory bodies connected with the function of transporting persons, property, and mail is the problem of rate making. The subject has such broad implications that it cannot be considered as being of concern only to the shipper, the carrier, or the governmental agencies, but is also related to the needs of the general public. The history of rate making during the last seventy years indicates the magnitude of the problem. Congress, the courts, regulatory bodies, industry, and the academic world have examined every detail of the rate-making process. The wide differences of opinion on basic issues aptly illustrate the difficulties encountered in developing and administering a rate-making system designed to meet the requirements of everyone concerned.
VLA HI Observations of Gas Stripping in the Virgo Cluster Spiral NGC 4522
Creators: name: Kenney, Jeffrey D. P.
name: van Gorkom, J. H.
name: Vollmer, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VLA HI observations at ~20"=1.5 kpc resolution of the highly inclined, HI-deficient Virgo cluster spiral galaxy NGC 4522, which is one of the clearest and nearest cases of ongoing ICM-ISM stripping. HI is abundant and spatially coincident with the stellar disk in the center, but beyond R = 3 kpc the HI distribution in the disk is sharply truncated and the only HI is extraplanar, and all on the northwest side. The kinematics and the morphology of the HI appear more consistent with ongoing stripping, and less consistent with gas fall-back which may occur long after peak pressure. Much of the extraplanar gas exhibits a modest net blueshift with respect to the galaxy's disk rotational velocities, consistent with gas accelerated toward the mean cluster velocity. The SW side of the galaxy has less HI in the disk but more HI in the halo, suggesting more effective gas removal on the side of the galaxy which is rotating into the ICM wind. The galaxy is 3.3 degrees ~800 kpc from M87, somewhat outside the region of strongest cluster X-ray emission. The ram pressure may be significantly stronger than standard values, due to large bulk motions and local density enhancements of the ICM gas, which may occur in a dynamic, shock-filled ICM experiencing subcluster merging. The HI and H-alpha distributions are similar, implying that the star-forming molecular ISM has been effectively stripped from the outer disk of the galaxy along with the HI.
description: 39 pages, 14 figures, accepted for AJ June 2004, Version with full resolution figures available from ftp://pegasus.astro.yale.edu/pub/kenney/n4522.ps.gz
Decomposition of meron configuration of SU(2) gauge field
Creators: name: Hirayama, M.
name: Yamashita, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the meron configuration of the SU(2) gauge field in the four dimensional Minkowskii spacetime, the decomposition into an isovector field $\bn$, isoscalar fields $ρ$ and $σ$, and a U(1) gauge field $C_μ$ is attained by solving the consistency condition for $\bn$. The resulting $\bn$ turns out to possess two singular points, behave like a monopole-antimonopole pair and reduce to the conventional hedgehog in a special case. The $C_μ$ field also possesses singular points, while $ρ$ and $σ$ are regular everywhere.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, Sec.4 rewritten. 5 refs. added
Additional file 1 of Trends in neonicotinoid pesticide residues in food and water in the United States, 1999–2015
Creators: name: Craddock, Hillary A.
name: Huang, Dina
name: Turner, Paul C.
name: Lesliam Quirós-Alcalá
name: Payne-Sturges, Devon C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Commodities from PDP databases, import status, import fraction, and classifications, 1999–2015. (DOCX 21 kb)
Wage Premiums for On-the-Job Computer Use in Metro and Nonmetro Areas.
Creators: name: Kusmin, Lorin D.
name: Kusmin, Lorin D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: nonmetropolitan
subject: rural
subject: metropolitan
subject: urban
subject: computers
subject: wages
subject: jobs
subject: skills

description: An analysis of on-the-job computer use shows that such use is more common in metro areas than in nonmetro areas. A substantial wage premium, on the order of 10 percent to 12 percent, is associated with use of a computer on the job, even after other job and worker characteristics are taken into account. However, this wage premium accounts for only a small proportion of the wage differences between metro and nonmetro areas. Further analysis shows that the computer use wage premium is about 5 percent in nonmetro areas, and is also lower among workers with less education and/or in lower-status occupations. This finding suggests only a small role for computer literacy skills in enhancing the earnings of low-wage workers in rural areas
Children's experiences of their journey between home and school: A qualitative synthesis using meta-ethnography
Creators: name: Morris, Stephanie
name: Lawlor, Emma R.
name: Foley, Louise
name: Summerbell, Carolyn
name: Panter, Jenna
name: Jago, Russell
name: Adams, Jean
name: Pollard, Tessa
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Active school travel is associated with higher habitual physical activity levels in children and aids traffic and pollution reduction. However, interventions to promote active school travel have generally had small or trivial effects. Purpose: This study aimed to synthesise qualitative and ethnographic literature on children’s (aged 5-13) experiences of their usual school journeys to inform future interventions promoting active school travel. Methods: This study comprised three stages: systematic searches of the literature, quality appraisal and qualitative synthesis using meta-ethnography. Searches were conducted in 5 databases and limited to a time-period of 2000-present and 21 papers reporting 18 studies were taken forward to the synthesis stage. Results: Most studies stemmed from high-income English-speaking countries and used self-report qualitative methods, with some utilising participant observation. Through a process of translating the original primary analyses of the study authors, we produced 11 third order constructs which we present in 5 themes: feeling vulnerable; negotiating journeys and managing risks; enjoying engaging with others; exploring material environments; embodied experiences of travel. Conclusions: We argue that the journey to school offers children a process of learning and a site to develop agency within their socio-material environments. Potentially, focusing on the wider benefits of school travel and incorporating informal learning into the journey could be valuable for active school travel interventions. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School of Public Health Research (SPHR), project reference: SPHR-PROG-PCBT-CS2.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
U. S . Agriculture, 1960-96: A Multilateral Comparison of Total Factor Productivity.
Creators: name: Ball, V. Eldon
name: Butault, Jean-Pierre
name: Nehring, Richard
name: Ball, V. Eldon
name: Butault, Jean-Pierre
name: Nehring, Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Production accounts
subject: Multilateral index numbers
subject: total factor productivity

description: This study provides estimates of the growth and relative levels of productivity for the 48 contiguous States for the period 1960 to 1996. For the full 1960-96 period, every State exhibits a positive and generally substantial average annual rate of productivity growth. There is considerable variance, however. The wide disparity in growth rates resulted in substantial changes in the rank order of States. For each year, we calculate the coefficient of variation of productivity levels. We use these coefficients to show that the range of levels of productivity has narrowed over time, although the pattern of convergence was far from uniform. The fact that some States grew faster than others and yet the cross section dispersion decreased implies that the States that grew most rapidly were those with lower initial levels of productivity. This result is consistent with Gerschenkron's notion of the advantage of relative backwardness. The States that were particularly far behind the productivity leaders had the most to gain from the diffusion of technical knowledge and proceeded to grow most rapidly. We also observe a positive relation between capital accumulation and productivity growth, implying embodiment of technology in capital.
Chloeia Savigny 1818
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Amphinomida
Amphinomidae
Chloeia

description: Chloeia Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 amphora Horst, 1910: Strait of Malacca, Banda Islands, Indonesia. NML 149.1, 149.2–4 conspicua Horst, 1910: Sumatra, S coast of Java. NML fusca McIntosh, 1885: off Banda, Moluccas. NHM AN01 1885.12.1.9-9A incerta de Quatrefages, 1866: Celebes Islands; Indian Ocean (China Sea in catalogue). MNHN 246–252 (= Chloeia flava fide Hartman 1959) nuda de Quatrefages, 1866: Amboine, Indonesia. MNHN 81 violacea Horst, 1910: Waroe Bay, Indonesia. NML 161.3, 161.1–2, 161.4, 2056
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Chaos and rotational damping in particle-rotor model
Creators: name: Sheikh, Javid A.
name: Sun, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The onset of chaos and the mechanism of rotational damping are studied in an exactly soluble particle-rotor model. It is shown that the degree of chaoticity as inferred from the statistical measures is closely related to the onset of rotational damping obtained using the model Hamiltonian.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Topological Josephson Heat Engine
Creators: name: Scharf, Benedikt
name: Braggio, Alessandro
name: Strambini, Elia
name: Giazotto, Francesco
name: Hankiewicz, Ewelina M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The promise of fault-tolerant quantum computing has made topological superconductors the focus of intense research during the past decade. In this context, topological Josephson junctions based on nanowires or on topological insulators provide an alternative route for probing topological superconductivity. As a hallmark of their topological nature, such junctions exhibit a ground-state fermion parity that is $4π$-periodic in the superconducting phase difference $ϕ$. Finding unambiguous experimental evidence for this $4π$-periodicity still proves a difficult task, however. Here we propose a topological Josephson heat engine implemented by a Josephson-Stirling cycle as an alternative thermodynamic approach to test the ground-state parity. Using a Josephson junction based on a quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulator, we show how the thermodynamic cycle can be used to test the $4π$-periodicity of the topological ground state and to distinguish between parity-conserving and non-parity-conserving engines. Interestingly, we find that parity conservation generally boosts both the efficiency and power of the topological heat engine with respect to its non-topological counterpart. Our results, applicable not only to QSH-based junctions but also to any topological Josephson junction, demonstrate the potential of the intriguing and fruitful marriage between topology and coherent thermodynamics.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENTS IN THE HOG-PORK INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Crom, Richard
name: Duewer, Lawrence
name: Crom, Richard
name: Duewer, Lawrence
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Animal products
subject: hogs marketing
subject: pricing
subject: pork
subject: regulation
subject: vertical integration

description: Conventional marketing systems are under attack, partly because of alleged inefficiencies and inequities in pricing, and partly because of changes in industry structure at both the producer and processor levels. Considerable attention is being given to new pricing mechanisms; some industry observers feel conditions still favor vertical integration as a solution to market failure. Most prognoses of the future point to a stable per capita consumption of pork, less cyclical variability in production, a continued trend toward larger capital intensive production units under individual proprietorships, and continued concentration in the slaughter-processing industry with more branded products.
The maximal excess charge in reduced Hartree-Fock molecule
Creators: name: Goto, Yukimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a molecule described by the Hartree-Fock model without the exchange term. We prove that nuclei of total charge $Z$ can bind at most $Z+C$ electrons, where $C$ is a constant independent of $Z$.
description: 32 pages; final version, to appear in Reviews in Mathematical Physics
Co-Created Sports programme for young people permanently excluded from mainstream schools: An Ethnographic Evaluation of the Active Link Sports Programme
Creators: name: Kinnafick, Florence
name: Brinkley, Andrew
name: Sherar, Lauren
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: UK Pupil referral units (PRUs) educate permanently excluded children from mainstream schools. These pupils face poor mental health, multiple deprivation and crime. Sport could improve health, attainment and lifestyle choices. We evaluated the acceptability, feasibility, efficacy and sustainability of a UK-based co-created Active Link sports programme for a PRU. Co-creation provides participants with a voice within the design of a programme. Active Link offered mentors-led sport sessions (e.g., football, boxing, climbing, ice skating) to improve health and promote positive relationships. Methodology: 45 (42 male:3 female) pupils aged between 13-16 years (mean=15.2), 7 teachers, 7 mentors and 3 stakeholders participated in an ethnographic study (25 observations, 120 hours) involving observations in school, interviews with staff, focus groups with pupils and photography. Data was analysed using an iterative process. Findings: Promoting sport within the PRU is complex, and situationally influenced by pupil mood and attitude. Co-creation enhanced the acceptability and feasibility. The programme improved self-esteem and wellbeing. A key benefit was the bridge that sport provided for mentors and teachers to work with pupils on their complex psychosocial needs. In its current form, the programme had moderate sustainability and was dependent on pathways into clubs and external organisations. Conclusion: Our findings indicate the programme is acceptable, feasible and can improve psychosocial health. Stakeholders should consider providing choice through co-creation and working with trusted mentors. Sport is valuable but is unlikely to address complex psychosocial problems alone. Sustainability can be addressed through strong relationships with external partners or fostering inhouse capacity. Funding: This evaluation was funded by Sport England through a partnership with Fit4Life, City of Birmingham Schools and Sport Birmingham.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Eucarunculata Malquin & Dehorne 1907
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Amphinomida
Amphinomidae
Eucarunculata

description: Eucarunculata Malquin & Dehorne, 1907
 (= Pherecardia fide Horst 1909) grubei Malaquin & Dehorne, 1907: Amboine (Ambon), Indonesia. MNHN (= Pherecardia lobata Horst, 1886 fide Horst 1909, 1911)
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
A digital assessment tool for promoting physical activity in childcare centers
Creators: name: Müller, Christina
name: Kaiser, Vanessa
name: Hassel, Holger
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: Childcare centers have the potential to promote physical activity (PA) in children and thus contribute to their health. There is an increasing number of evidence-based best-practice guidelines for childcare settings. However, corresponding environments, policies and practices are insufficiently implemented. Purpose: The project “QueB 2 – developing quality with and through physical activity” aims at developing and testing strategies and digital tools to support the implementation of PA promoting environments, policies and practices in childcare centers involving stakeholders working with childcare centers. Methods: Group discussions were conducted with stakeholders in one model region in Germany. A web-based quick assessment tool building on scientific evidence and existing frameworks was developed in cooperation with stakeholders. The tool was pilot-tested by students of three vocational schools for early childhood educators. Virtual meetings were held with the students to reflect upon their experience with the tool, its utility and feasibility. Results: Stakeholders expressed the wish for a quick and simple assessment tool that helps them identify a childcare centers’ need for action. The developed web-based tool consists of 20 items in seven categories. Students mostly perceived the tool as useful, appreciated its clear structure, and expressed an increased awareness of the factors contributing to physical activity in childcare centers. Conclusions: The developed digital assessment tool has the potential to support PA promotion in childcare centers. Funding: The project is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research as a part of the research consortium Capital4Health (01EL1821E).
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Screen time and physical-literacy among children in underserved communities – an explorative study
Creators: name: Algurén, Beatrix
name: Eriksson, Julia
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Background: While physical literacy (PL) is seen to have a key role for a physically active lifestyle, explanatory factors of screen-time and the association between screen-time and PL is yet not well understood. Purpose: To identify patterns and factors that are associated with screen-time regarding characteristics of PL and socio-demographic characteristics among children in underserved community (UC). Methods: A digital survey were distributed among children in grade 4-5 at primary schools in UC in Western Sweden. All children participated in a physical activity project that was complementary resources for the regular physical education lessons. The survey consisted of background and screen-time questions and questions adapted from three different instruments measuring PL; The Basic-Psychological-Needs-in-Exercise-Scale, the Behavioral-Regulation-in-Exercise-Questionnaire-2 and Physical-Literacy-Knowledge-Questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to investigate correlates and differences in subgroups. Results: A total of 334 children (52% girls) answered the survey, whereof 27% had immigrated as child to Sweden, most of them were active in one sport (44%); 20% had neither parents nor siblings which were physically active (PA). Most of the children enjoyed being PA (67%), that was significant correlated (fair to moderate) with almost all characteristics of PL. In average, screen-time was 4.3 hours per day per week (boys had significant more screen-time than girls, 5.2 versus 3.8 hours, (p=0.007, based on complete screen-time answers from n=219 children). Prioritizing reading were significant negative correlated with screen-time (p<0.05). Children with less screen time preferred significantly more playing with friends, being PA, and reading (p<0.05). Further, children with less screen time more often enjoy their exercise sessions, while those with more screen-time more common take part in exercise because of others say that they should (p<0.05). Conclusions: Daily screen-time was high despite the fact that three quarter of the children were active in at least one sport and had physically active parents and siblings. Boys and children with newly immigrated background are at higher risk for excessive ST. Having a family with both parents and siblings as physical active, being interested in and comfortable with reading as well as intrinsic motivation to exercise might be able to reduce ST. Funding: None.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress