cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Currency speculation and dollar fluctuations
Creators: name: SCHULMEISTER, S.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dollar exchange rate, deutschemark, currency speculation
subject: G15

description: In this study the reasons behind the wide fluctuations of the dollar exchange rate following the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system, for the most part unexplained by the prevailing exchange rate theories, are explored. The author investigates the exchange rate between the two most traded currencies, the dollar and the deutschemark, from 1973 to 1988. In the first part, the pattern of the daily exchange rate movements is examined to show that a sequence of upward and downward trends interrupted by non-directional movements is typical of exchange rate dynamics in the short run. This pattern is systemically exploited through currency speculation, particularly through the use of “technical analysis”. In the second part, the author focuses on the medium-term, arguing that fluctuations can be explained as the result of interacting disequilibria in the goods and asset markets. Although currency speculation has been systemically profitable for most currencies, it should be considered to be destabilising since the sequence of price runs caused large and persistent deviations of exchange rates from their equilibrium values (purchasing power parity). JEL: G15
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 41, N. 167 (1988)
Mechanisms with Referrals: VCG Mechanisms and Multilevel Mechanisms
Creators: name: Joosung Lee
name: Joosung Lee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Mechanism Design
subject: Referral Program
subject: Reward Scheme
subject: VCG Mechanism
subject: Multilevel Mechanism
subject: Incentive Compatibility
subject: Budget Feasibility

description: We study mechanisms for environments in which only some of the agents are directly connected to a mechanism designer and the other agents can participate in a mechanism only through the connected agents' referrals. In such environments, the mechanism designer and agents may have different interest in varying participants so that agents strategically manipulate their preference as well as their network connection to avoid competition or congestion; while the mechanism designer wants to elicit the agents' private information about both preferences and network connections. As a benchmark for an efficient mechanism, we re-define a VCG mechanism. It is incentive compatible and individually rational, but it generically runs a deficit as it requires too much compensation for referrals. Alternatively as a budget-surplus mechanism, we introduce a multilevel mechanism, in which each agent is compensated by the agents who would not be able to participate without her referrals. Under a multilevel mechanism, we show that fully referring one's acquaintances is a dominant strategy and agents have no incentive to under-report their preference if the social welfare is submodular.
Nuclear level density of $^{69}$Zn from gamma gated particle spectrum and its implication on $^{68}$Zn(n, $γ$)$^{69}$Zn capture cross-section
Creators: name: Santra, Rajkumar
name: Dey, Balaram
name: Roy, Subinit
name: Laskard, Md. S. R.
name: Palit, R.
name: Pai, H.
name: Rajbanshi, S.
name: Alia, Sajad
name: Bhattacharjee, Saikat
name: Babrad, F. S.
name: Mukherjeec, Anjali
name: Jadhavd, S.
name: Naidud, Balaji S
name: Vazhappillyd, Abraham T.
name: Pald, Sanjoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evaporated $α$-spectra have been measured in coincidence with low energy discrete $γ$-rays from residual nucleus $^{68}$Zn populated in the reaction $^{64}$Ni($^9$Be,$α$n)$^{68}$Zn at $E(^9$Be) = 30 MeV producing $^{73}$Ge compound nucleus. Low energy $γ$-gated $α$-particle spectra, for the first time, have been used to extract the nuclear level density (NLD) for the intermediate $^{69}$Zn nucleus in the excitation energy range of E $\approx$ 5-20 MeV. The slope of NLD as a function of excitation energy for $^{69}$Zn matches nicely with the slope determined from RIPL estimates for NLD at low energies and the NLD from neutron resonance data. Extracted inverse NLD parameter (k = A/$\widetilde{a}$) has been used to determine the nuclear level density parameter value $a$ at neutron separation energy $S_n$ for $^{69}$Zn. Total cross-section of $^{68}$Zn(n,$γ$) capture reaction as a function of neutron energy is then estimated employing the derived $a(S_n)$ in the reaction code TALYS. It is found that the estimated neutron capture cross-section agrees well with the available experimental data without any normalization. The present result indicates that experimentally derived nuclear level density parameter can constrain the statistical model description of astrophysical capture cross-section and optimize the uncertainties associated with the astrophysical reaction rate
title: Abdominal pseudohernia: A rare complication of herpes zoster leading to muscle paresis
Creators: name: Oliveira, Hélder
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Emergency
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: CT
subject: Hernia
subject: Infection
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 74-year-old female with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), who experienced herpes zoster (HZ) infection three months ago, presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and a right-sided abdominal wall protrusion.

The patient reported first noticing asymmetric abdominal distension approximately two months ago, along with the onset of constipation around the same time. Despite being prescribed insulin for her diabetes, the patient has consistently refused to initiate this treatment. She was taking oral antidiabetic medications, but her blood glucose levels were poorly controlled, as evidenced by a haemoglobin A1c of 9%.

Physical examination confirmed the presence of a right-sided abdominal wall protrusion and revealed healed skin lesions with a dermatomal distribution in the right flank, accompanied by inflammatory signs, deep palpation tenderness, but no guarding.

An abdominal CT scan was ordered to rule out a right-sided abdominal wall hernia.

description: 74 years, female
Nonclassicality of a photon-subtracted Gaussian field
Creators: name: Kim, M. S.
name: Park, E.
name: Knight, P. L.
name: Jeong, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a non-Gaussian field, which may be a useful basis for entanglement distillation and efficient quantum teleportation, has been experimentally produced by subtracting a photon from a squeezed Gaussian field. We investigate the nonclassicality of such the field using negativity in the Wigner function and the existence of positive well-defined $P$ function. We obtain the condition to see negativity in the Wigner function for the case including the mixed Gaussian incoming field, the threshold photodetection and the inefficient homodyne measurement. We show how similar the photon-subtracted state is to a superposition of coherent states.
description: Final version uploaded (accepted for Phys.Rev.A)
SHAXSNING RIVOJLANISHI, TARBIYASI VA IJTIMOIYLASHUVI
Creators: name: Turdimatov, Javohir
name: Bobayeva, Ziyodaxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Shaxs tushunchasi insonga taalluqli bo’lib, konkret kishi, ya’ni, muayyan jamiyatning a’zosini ifodalashga xizmat qiladi. Har bir inson tug’ilibdiki, u inson shaxs hisoblanadi. Bolaning o’sib rivojlanishi alohida ahamiyatga ega bo’ladi. Yosh bolaga bir yoki ikki yoshlik paytidan unga tarbiya berish boshlanadi. Yetti yoki sakkiz yoshga yetganida esa uning yoniga ta’lim ham qo’shiladi. Har ikkalasi yillar davomida insonda shakllanadi. Bilmagan narsalari tushuntirilib, qiziqishlariga asoslanib unga biror kasb yoki hunar o’rgatiladi. Shu paytdan boshlab bola o’z kelajagi uchun ilk qadamini tashlagan bo’ladi. Bola jamiyat ichida o’zini qanday tutish kerakligi va qanday rivojlanishi kerakligi haqida fikr yurita boshlaydi. Agar bolani yoshlik paytidan jamiyat ichida ko’proq olib yurilsa u tez ijtimoiy aloqaga kirishishi oson bo’ladi va u katta shaxs bo’lib yetishadi.
data underlying the article: Distribution of alternative untranslated regions within the mRNA of the CELF1 splicing factor affects its expression
Creators: name: Sobczak, Krzysztof
name: Niewiadomska, Daria
name: Kajdasz, Arkadiusz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: CUG-binding protein, ELAV-like Family Member 1 (CELF1) plays an important role during the development of different tissues, such as striated muscle and brain tissue. CELF1 is an RNA-binding protein that regulates RNA metabolism processes, e.g., alternative splicing, and antagonizes other RNA-binding proteins, such as Muscleblind-like proteins (MBNLs). Abnormal activity of both classes of proteins plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the most common form of muscular dystrophy in adults. In this work, we show that alternative splicing of exons forming both the 5' and 3' untranslated regions (UTRs) of CELF1 mRNA is efficiently regulated during development and tissue differentiation and is disrupted in skeletal muscles in the context of DM1. Alternative splicing of the CELF1 5'UTR leads to translation of two potential protein isoforms that differ in the lengths of their N-terminal domains. We also show that the MBNL and CELF proteins regulate the distribution of mRNA splicing isoforms with different 5'UTRs and 3'UTRs and affect the CELF1 expression by changing its sensitivity to specific microRNAs or RNA-binding proteins. Together, our findings show the existence of different mechanisms of regulation of CELF1 expression through the distribution of various 5' and 3' UTR isoforms within CELF1 mRNA.
Financial innovations and the organisation of stock market trading
Creators: name: KREGEL, J.A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Equilibrium price, competitive conditions, stock market, price volatility, market trading
subject: G14, G15

description: Economists have never been overly interested in either the institutions comprising markets or the process of price formation in them, having instead chosen to study the possibility of the existence of “equilibrium” prices under competitive conditions. In light of the recent stock market crash, however, it is clear that the New York Stock Exchange is not a competitive market in the sense of engaging a sufficiently large number of buyers and sellers so that no individual transaction has a permanent impact on the determination of prices. This work suggests that it is the recent changes in competitive market structure which have increased the volatility of prices and made it difficult, if not impossible, for the “specialist” system of price formation to work. Proposals for change in the organisation of market trading should thus be judged relative to the prevailing imperfectly competitive conditions, rather than the ideal perfect market. JEL: G14, G15
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 41, N. 167 (1988)
Information Design In Coalition Formation Games
Creators: name: Vosooghi, Sareh
name: Vosooghi, Sareh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Coalition Formation
subject: Learning
subject: Information Persuasion
subject: International Environmental Agreements

description: I examine a setting, where an information sender conducts research into a payoff-relevant state variable, and releases information to agents, who consider joining a coalition. The agents' actions can cause harm by contributing to a public bad. The sender, who has commitment power, by designing an information mechanism (a set of signals and a probability distribution over them), maximises his payoff, which depends on the action taken by the agents, and the state variable. I show that the coalition size, as a function of beliefs of agents, is an endogenous variable, induced by the information sender. The optimal information mechanism from the general set of public information mechanisms, in coalition formation games is derived. I also apply the results to International Environmental Agreements (IEAs), where a central authority, as an information sender, attempts to reduce the global level of greenhouse gases (GHG) by communication of information on social cost of GHG.
Tunable Resins with PDMS-like Elastic Modulus for Stereolithographic 3D-printing of Multimaterial Microfluidic Actuators
Creators: name: Ahmadianyazdi, Alireza
name: Miller, Isaac J.
name: Folch, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stereolithographic 3D-printing (SLA) permits facile fabrication of high-precision microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices. SLA photopolymers often yield parts with low mechanical compliancy in sharp contrast to elastomers such as poly(dimethyl siloxane) (PDMS). On the other hand, SLA-printable elastomers with soft mechanical properties do not fulfill the distinct requirements for a highly manufacturable resin in microfluidics (e.g., high-resolution printability, transparency, low-viscosity). These limitations restrict our ability to print microfluidic actuators containing dynamic, movable elements. Here we introduce low-viscous photopolymers based on a tunable blend of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, Mw~258) and poly(ethylene glycol methyl ether) methacrylate (PEGMEMA, Mw~300) monomers. In these blends, which we term PEGDA-co-PEGMEMA, tuning the PEGMEMA-to-PEGDA ratio alters the elastic modulus of the printed plastics by ~400-fold, reaching that of PDMS. Through the addition of PEGMEMA, moreover, PEGDA-co-PEGMEMA retains desirable properties of highly manufacturable PEGDA such as low viscosity, solvent compatibility, cytocompatibility and low drug absorptivity. With PEGDA-co-PEGMEMA, we SLA-printed drastically enhanced fluidic actuators including microvalves, micropumps, and microregulators with a hybrid structure containing a flexible PEGDA-co-PEGMEMA membrane within a rigid PEGDA housing. These components were built using a custom "Print-Pause-Print" protocol, referred to as "3P-printing", that allows for fabricating high-resolution multimaterial parts with a desktop SLA printer without the need for post-assembly. SLA-printing of multimaterial microfluidic actuators addresses the unmet need of high-performance on-chip controls in 3D-printed microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip devices.
title: The importance of trust in flexible working arrangements
Creators: name: Fiby, Anja Carolin
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: neues Arbeiten
subject: flexible Arbeitsverhältnisse
subject: Vertrauen
subject: individuelle Arbeitsleistung
subject: new ways of working
subject: flexible working arrangements
subject: trust
subject: individual work performance

description: In recent decades, industries of most industrialised economies changed towards an increasing flexibility. To stay competitive, organizations had changed their structures, processes and working conditions as well. Therefore, the number of flexible working arrangements, which were enabled and supported by the development of novel technologies, did increase remarkable. With that development, established command and control approaches to motivation do not work anymore. Thus, trust is becoming increasingly important within organizations. But so far, trust within flexible working arrangements is still not widely understood. Thus, the aim of this work to understand this relationship and to answer the research question: Which effect does trust within organizations have on the performance of employees in flexible working arrangements? Therefore, an empirical study was carried out in the German-speaking area that did examine the relationship between flexible working arrangements, use of technologies, perceived trust and individual work performance. The results suggest that the perceived trust, more precisely trust in superior, does have a positive effect on the individual work performance. In contrast, the effect of the flexibility of working arrangements on the individual work performance is less clear. Thus, the level of flexibility was considered as a moderator of the relationship between trust and the individual work performance. The outcome of this analysis indicates that possibilities of spatial flexibility do have a positive moderation effect, whereas requirements on spatial and time flexibility do have a negative moderation effect.
Collusive Agreements in Vertically Differentiated Markets
Creators: name: Marini, Marco A.
name: Marini, Marco A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Vertically Differentiated Market
subject: Price Collusion
subject: Product Pruning
subject: Product Proliferation
subject: Endogenous Qualities
subject: Endogenous Alliance Formation
subject: Coalition Structures
subject: Grand Coalition
subject: Coalition Stability
subject: Core
subject: Simultaneous and Sequential Game of Coalition Formation

description: This paper introduces a number of game-theoretic tools to model collusive agreements among firms in vertically differentiated markets. I firstly review some classical literature on collusion between two firms producing goods of exogenous different qualities. I then extend the analysis to a n-firm vertically differentiated market to study the incentive to form either a whole market alliance or partial alliances made of subsets of consecutive firms in order to collude in prices. Within this framework I explore the price behaviour of groups of colluding firms and their incentive to either pruning or proliferating their products. It is shown that a selective pruning within the cartel always occurs. Moreover, by associating a partition function game to the n-firm vertically differentiated market, it can be shown that a sufficient condition for the cooperative (or coalitional) stability of the whole industry cartel is the equidistance of firms’ products along the quality spectrum. Without this property, and in presence of large quality differences, collusive agreements easily lose their stability. In addition, introducing a standard infinitely repeated-game approach, I show that an increase in the number of firms in the market may have contradictory effects on the incentive of firms to collude: it can make collusion easier for bottom and intermediate firms and harder for the top quality firm. Finally, by means of a three-firm example, I consider the case in which alliances can set endogenously qualities, prices and number of variants on sale. I show that, in every formed coalition, (i) market pruning dominates product proliferation and (ii) partial cartelisation always arises in equilibrium, with the bottom quality firm always belonging to the alliance.
Off-balance sheet activities and financial innovation in banking
Creators: name: LEWIS, M.K.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Off-balance sheet operations, financial innovation, banking
subject: G21

description: Bank’s off-balance sheet operations have grown rapidly in recent years. The ‘off’ balance sheet description denotes that the activities involve contingent commitments or contracts which generate income to a bank, but are not normally captured as assets or liabilities under conventional accounting procedures. The work explores the growth of this phenomenon in a broader context of innovations in financial techniques in banking. The author looks at the nature of off-balance sheet business and compares it with traditional banking operations. The reasons for the growth of these operations as well as their risks are then investigated. JEL: G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 41, N. 167 (1988)
Système bancaire congolais : Analyse de la performance financière et de la gestion des risques
Creators: name: MUTOMBO MUIMBAYI Florent
name: MUBIERE MBO MBUTA Bel-Ami
name: LAKONTE LAKU Henry
name: MALU BAKADIBAMBA Doudou
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: L’objectif de la présente étude est de mesurer ou d’analyser la performance financière et la gestion des risques de crédits, tout en cernant et en évaluant les principaux facteurs agissant sur leur rentabilité, à travers un modèle se composant de plusieurs banques en RD. Congo.

Le développement du secteur financier se trouve en permanente interaction avec l’évolution de l’économie réelle. D’un côté, la stabilité au sein du secteur financier constitue un élément non négligeable de la performance économique et financière. Le secteur bancaire joue un rôle principal dans le financement de l’économie à travers l’octroi des crédits et les services de paiement. C’est ainsi qu’il contribue à l’accroissement de l’activité économique, garant de l’obtention d’une croissance économique conduisant au développement. De ce fait, on peut alors compléter notre objectif en disant que ce travail fourni des informations et les analyses approfondies sur le risque de crédit du secteur bancaire et son lien avec le risque systémique afin d’améliorer la gestion des risques et également, d’analyser la performance financière du secteur bancaire congolais au travers de ses déterminants précités. Afin de parvenir à cet objectif, nous sommes partis d’une approche hypothético-déductive ; s’appuyant sur une méthodologie quantitative. En effet, nous avons utilisé la régression multiple estimée par la méthode des moindres carrés ordinaires (MCO) pour analyser la relation entre les variables explicatives et la performance du secteur bancaire. Aussi, nous avons analysé au travers de la causalité au sein de Granger, comment les facteurs déterminants expliquent la dynamique de la rentabilité financière particulièrement et dans une large mesure, celle de la qualité du portefeuille également.

 Les résultats de nos analyses renseignent que le coefficient d’exploitation, la taille de la banque, la qualité du portefeuille, la pression fiscale, l’âge de la banque ainsi l'intermédiation bancaire sont les déterminants endogènes quantitatifs les plus significatifs de la performance des banques commerciales en RD. Congo. Cependant, la stabilité du cadre macroéconomique impacte de façon significative la performance ; à ce titre, la stabilité du niveau général de prix, le taux directeur de la Banque Centrale du Congo, la volatilité du taux de change ainsi que la croissance économique impactent également la performance bancaire. Par ailleurs, il est crucial de préciser que les effets de ces indicateurs différents. Par ailleurs, il est prudentiel, la surveillance continue, le provisionnement, la gestion des garanties, l’évaluation du crédit sont les mécanismes de gestion de crédit les plus important pour la BCC et leur niveau d’efficacité est relativement élevé.
The valuation effect of changes in exchange rates
Creators: name: ARNDT, H.W.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Balance of payments, exchange rates, valuation effect
subject: F30, F32

description: The practice of publishing balance of payments statistics, and analysing balance of payments developments, in domestic currency has one unfortunate consequence. In the event of a major change in the exchange rate, domestic-currency valuation can give a very misleading picture because of the valuation effect of a change in the exchange rate from a position of initial imbalance. The present work draws attention to this valuation effect which has been largely ignored in the literature and states the case for presenting balance of payments statistics in foreign as well as in domestic currency. JEL: F30, F32
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 41, N. 167 (1988)
Application of the Two-Scale Model to the HERMES Data on Nuclear Attenuation
Creators: name: Akopov, N.
name: Grigoryan, L.
name: Akopov, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Two-Scale Model and its improved version were used to perform the fit to the HERMES data for $ν$ (the virtual photon energy) and z (the fraction of $ν$ carried by hadron) dependencies of nuclear multiplicity ratios for $π^+$ and $π^-$ mesons electro-produced on two nuclear targets ($^{14}$N and $^{84}$Kr). The quantitative criterium $χ^2$ was used for the first time to analyse the results of the model fit to the nuclear multiplicity ratios data. The two-parameter's fit gives satisfactory agreement with the HERMES data. Best values of the parameters were then used to calculate the $ν$- and $z$ - dependencies of nuclear attenuation for $π^0$, K$^+$, K$^-$ and $\bar{p}$ produced on $^{84}$Kr target, and also make a predictions for $ν$, z and the Q$^2$ (the photon virtuality) - dependencies of nuclear attenuation data for those identified hadrons and nuclea, that will be published by HERMES.
Private use of official currency cocktails: the relative success of the ECU and the SDR
Creators: name: AGGARWAL, R.
name: SOENEN, L.A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Currency cocktails, ECU, SDR, Wholesale banking, retail banking
subject: G15, G21

description: Two currency cocktails that were first developed for government use, the European Currency Unit (ECU) and the Special Drawing Right (SDR), now have very active markets that have evolved to meet the needs of the private sector. Although the private use of both currency composites emerged in the wholesale banking market, currency cocktails are now also rapidly becoming important in the area of retail banking. The present work explores this recent phenomenon of private use of official currency cocktails. The author looks at the origins and composition of the ECU and SDR, their development in private markets and the reasons for their relative success. JEL: G15, G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 41, N. 167 (1988)
Chiral model of twisted bilayer graphene realized in a monolayer
Creators: name: Crépel, Valentin
name: Dunbrack, Aaron
name: Guerci, Daniele
name: Bonini, John
name: Cano, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that a single layer of graphene subject to a superlattice potential nearly commensurate to a $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ supercell exactly maps to the chiral model of twisted bilayer graphene, albeit with half as many degrees of freedom. We comprehensively review the properties of this ``half-chiral model,'' including the interacting phases stabilized at integer fillings and the effects of substrate-induced symmetry breaking. We list candidate substrates that could produce a superlattice potential on graphene with the correct periodicity to access the flat band limit. Experimental measurements on a half-chiral moire heterostructure, in which valley-skyrmions cannot form, could yield insights on the physics they mediate in twisted bilayer graphene.
Network Formation and Disruption - An Experiment - Are Efficient Networks too Complex?
Creators: name: Brangewitz, Sonja
name: Behnud Mir Djawadi
name: Endres, Angelika
name: Hoyer, Britta
name: Brangewitz, Sonja
name: Behnud Mir Djawadi
name: Endres, Angelika
name: Hoyer, Britta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Networks Experiment
subject: Network Design
subject: Network Defence
subject: Network Disruption

description: We experimentally study the emergence of networks under a known external threat. To be more specific, we deal with the question if subjects in the role of a strategic Designer are able to form safe and efficient networks while facing a strategic Adversary who is going to attack their networks. This investigation relates theoretical predictions by Dziubinski and Goyal (2013) to actual observed behaviour. Varying the costs for protecting nodes, we designed and tested two treatments with different predictions for the equilibrium network. Furthermore, the influence of the subjects' farsightedness on their decision-making process was elicited and analysed. We find that while subjects are able to build safe networks in both treatments, equilibrium networks are only built in one of the two treatments. In the other treatment, predominantly safe networks are built but they are not efficient. Additionally, we find that farsightedness -as measured in our experiment- has no influence on whether subjects are able to build safe or efficient networks.
The Italian financial system in the perspective of 1992
Creators: name: DINI, L.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Italian financial system, European integration, Single European Market, regulation, supervision
subject: F36, G10, G18

description: The work focuses on the Italian financial system, which, in the perspective of the completion of the Single European Market, must catch up with the more developed markets. The tasks to be achieved are formidable and many questions are still open. The great vision of the 1992 project requires - and deserves - a great deal of work if it is to be realised, especially in the financial field. The author analyses the problems of regulation and supervision of financial activities at the European level, the development of the Italian financial system and the need for further structural changes. JEL: F36, G10, G18
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 41, N. 167 (1988)
Run II Searches for Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Toback, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these proceedings, we present all of the Run II results in the search for Supersymmetry from the Tevatron. At the time of presentation ~200 pb-1 of Run II data had been analyzed for the presence of new physics. We summarize searches for CHAMPS, Squarks and Gluinos in the jets+Missing Transverse Energy (MET) final state, multiple dilepton final state analyses including B_s=>mumu, RPV Sneutrinos and Chargino/Neutralino production, and conclude with GMSB searches in the two photon + Met final state. While there is no evidence of new physics, we do note some interesting events and modest excesses for future reference as more data comes in. In many cases, the limits presented are the worlds first or most stringent.
description: 10 Pages. Proceedings of Hadron Collider Physics 2004 (HCP 2004)
The Mezzogiorno and the single European market: complementary or conflicting aims?
Creators: name: SARCINELLI, M.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mezzogiorno, regional development, European monetary union, labour
subject: F15, O52, J40

description: The Mezzogiorno is the less prosperous region of Italy, located in the south of the country. The aims of an integrated market and potential monetary union in Europe may conflict with the aims of regional development because underdeveloped areas require support that free markets may preclude. This article examines the history of the Mezzogiorno, the nature of the labour market in the region, and the search for an optimum policy mix in the run up to 1992. JEL: F15, O52, J40
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 42, N. 169 (1989)
Fiscal prerequisites for further monetary convergence in the EMS
Creators: name: BINI SMAGHI, L.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: EMS, monetary convergence, fiscal divergence
subject: F15, F36

description: The EMS was established as part of a comprehensive strategy to achieve economic stability throughout the EC, based on convergence through the elimination of regional disparities. To date, monetary convergence has been achieved but fiscal divergence remains a feature of Europe as sovereign states follow sovereign policies. This paper develops a model to examine the dynamic interactions between exporters and domestic producers, taking account of exchange rate changes, and warns that the problem of fiscal imbalance must be addressed. JEL: F15, F36
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 42, N. 169 (1989)
A Million-Second Chandra View of Cassiopeia A
Creators: name: Hwang, Una
name: Laming, J. Martin
name: Badenes, Carles
name: Berendse, Fred
name: Blondin, John
name: Cioffi, Denis
name: DeLaney, Tracey
name: Dewey, Daniel
name: Fesen, Robert
name: Flanagan, Kathryn A.
name: Fryer, Christopher L.
name: Ghavamian, Parviz
name: Hughes, John P.
name: Morse, Jon A.
name: Plucinsky, Paul P.
name: Petre, Robert
name: Pohl, Martin
name: Rudnick, Lawrence
name: Sankrit, Ravi
name: Slane, Patrick O.
name: Smith, Randall K.
name: Vink, Jacco
name: Warren, Jessica S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a million-second observation of the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The bipolar structure of the Si-rich ejecta (NE jet and SW counterpart) is clearly evident in the new images, and their chemical similarity is confirmed by their spectra. These are most likely due to jets of ejecta as opposed to cavities in the circumstellar medium, since we can reject simple models for the latter. The properties of these jets and the Fe-rich ejecta will provide clues to the explosion of Cas A.
description: 4 pages LaTeX with 2 figures; ApJL,in press
The money market in France
Creators: name: WILSON, J.S.G.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: French money markets, Bank of France, french financial futures market
subject: E41, E58

description: This article examines recent changes in French money markets. The main market is the inter-bank money market in balances with the Bank of France and the operations of this market are outlined in some detail. The government bond market dominates the fixed interest markets as a whole; because the activities of these markets impinge on the money markets their operations are also surveyed. The French financial futures market, the Marche a Terme International de France (MATIF), is also covered along with details of the methods of influence used by the Bank of France over money markets. JEL: E41, E58
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 42, N. 169 (1989)
The dissipative brain
Creators: name: Vitiello, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review the dissipative quantum model of brain and discuss its recent developments related with the role of entanglement, quantum noise and chaos. Some comments on consciousness in the frame of the dissipative model are also presented. Dissipation seems to account for the medial character of consciousness, for its being in the present (the Now), its un-dividable unity, its intrinsic subjectivity (autonomy). Finally, essential features of a conscious artificial device, if ever one can construct it, are briefly commented upon, also in relation to a device able to exhibit mistakes in its behavior. The name I give to such a hypothetical device is Spartacus.
description: 14 pages
Plain language summary for the manuscript: Efficacy and Safety of Etrasimod in Patients with Moderately to Severely Active Isolated Proctitis: Results From the Phase 3 ELEVATE UC Clinical Programme
Creators: name: Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent
name: Dubinsky, Marla C
name: E Sands, Bruce
name: Panes, Julian
name: Schreiber, Stefan
name: Reinisch, Walter
name: G Feagan, Brian
name: Danese, Silvio
name: J Yarur, Andres
name: D'Haens, Geert
name: Goetsch, Martina
name: Wosik, Karolina
name: Keating, Michael
name: Lazin, Krisztina
name: Wu, Joseph
name: Modesto, Irene
name: McDonnell, Aoibhinn
name: Bartolome, Lauren
name: Vermeire, Séverine
Publisher: name: Pfizer
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320209
subject: Gastroenterology and hepatology

description: This is a plain language summary (PLS) of an article published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal. This PLS is not peer-reviewed. The publisher of the original manuscript was not involved in the preparation of this PLS and has neither reviewed nor approved its content.
Surface Acoustic Wave Single-Electron Interferometry
Creators: name: Rodriquez, Roberta
name: Oi, Daniel K. L.
name: Barnes, Crispin H. W.
name: Kataoka, Masaya
name: Ohshima, Toshio
name: Ekert, Artur K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an experiment to observe interference of a single electron as it is transported along two parallel quasi-one-dimensional channels trapped in a single minimum of a travelling periodic electric field. The experimental device is a modification of the surface acoustic wave (SAW) based quantum processor. Interference is achieved by creating a superposition of spatial wavefunctions between the two channels and inducing a relative phase shift via either a transverse electric field or a magnetic field. The interference can be used to estimate the decoherence time of an electron in this type of solid-state device.
Inevitable imprints of patchy reionization on the cosmic microwave background anisotropy
Creators: name: Paul, Sourabh
name: Mukherjee, Suvodip
name: Choudhury, Tirthankar Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reionization of the cosmic neutral hydrogen by the first stars in the Universe is an inhomogeneous process which produces spatial fluctuations in free electron density. These fluctuations lead to observable signatures in cosmological probes like the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We explore the effect of the electron density fluctuations on CMB using photon-conserving semi-numerical simulations of reionization named \texttt{SCRIPT}. We show that the amplitude of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) and $B$-mode polarization signal depends on the patchiness in the spatial distribution of electrons along with the dependence on mid-point and extent of the reionization history. Motivated by this finding, we provide new scaling relations for the amplitude of kSZ and $B$-mode polarization signal which can capture the effects arising from the mean optical depth, width of reionization, and spatial fluctuations in the electron density arising from patchy reionization. We show that the amplitude of the kSZ and $B$-mode polarization signal exhibits different dependency on the width of reionization and the patchiness of reionization, and hence a joint study of these CMB probes will be able to break the degeneracy. By combining external datasets from 21~cm measurements, the degeneracy can be further lifted by directly exploring the sizes of the ionized regions.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Excess noise in the anomalous metallic phase in amorphous indium oxide
Creators: name: Haug, André
name: Shahar, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than 25 years ago, unexpected metallic behavior was discovered on the superconducting side of the superconductor-to-insulator transition. To this day, the origin of this behavior is unclear. In this work, we present resistance and broadband voltage noise measurements in the kilohertz regime in amorphous indium oxide. We find that the metallic behavior gives rise to excess noise much larger than what is expected from thermal noise with an unexpected frequency and temperature dependence whose origin remains elusive.
Supplementary tables S1-6 from The drivers and functions of rock juggling in otters
Creators: name: Mari-Lisa Allison
name: Reed, Rebecca
name: Michels, Emile
name: Boogert, Neeltje J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: All supplementary tables including otter group compositions, an ethogram of behaviours recorded, an example rotational observation schedule, and post-hoc test results for latency to first interact with puzzles, time spent interacting with puzzles and time spent interacting with puzzles before successfully solving them.
Deterministic Bak-Sneppen model. Lyapunov spectrum and avalanches as return times
Creators: name: Mendes, R. Vilela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deterministic version of the Bak-Sneppen model is studied. The role of the Lyapunov spectrum in the onset of scale-free behavior is established and avalanches are interpreted as return times to a zero-measure set. The problem of accurate determination of the scaling exponents near the critical barrier is addressed using a characteristic function approach. A general equation for return times to a small measure set is established and used to obtain information on the nature of Bak-Sneppen dynamics.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Farm heterogeneity and agricultural policy impacts on size dynamics: evidence from France
Creators: name: Saint-Cyr, Legrand D. F.
name: Saint-Cyr, Legrand D. F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: agricultural policy
subject: EM algorithm
subject: farm structural change
subject: mixed-Markov chain model
subject: multinomial logit
subject: unobserved heterogeneity

description: This article investigates the impact of agricultural policies on structural change in farming. Since not all farmers may behave alike, a non-stationary mixed-Markov chain modeling (M-MCM) approach is applied to capture unobserved heterogeneity in the transition process of farms. A multinomial logit specification is used for transition probabilities and the parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood method and the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. An empirical application to an unbalanced panel dataset from 2000 to 2013 shows that French farming mainly consists of a mixture of two farm types characterized by specific transition processes. The main finding is that the impact of farm subsidies from both pillars of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) highly depends on the farm type. A comparison between the non-stationary M-MCM and a homogeneous non-stationary MCM shows that the latter model leads to either overestimation or underestimation of the impact of agricultural policy on change in farm size. This suggests that more attention should be paid to both observed and unobserved farm heterogeneity in assessing the impact of agricultural policy on structural change in farming.
Facile and Efficient Synthesis of Bicyclic ortho-Aminocarbonitrile Derivatives Using Nanostructured Diphosphate Na2CaP2O7
Creators: name: Behrooz Maleki
name: Hojat Veisi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Facile and Efficient Synthesis of Bicyclic ortho-Aminocarbonitrile Derivatives Using Nanostructured Diphosphate Na2CaP2O7
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of urinary continence status and its influence on quality of life after gyneco-oncological treatment of female pelvic malignancies at an oncological center
Creators: name: Zafarnia, Maryam
name: Kennes, Lieven N.
name: Stickeler, Elmar
name: Hoff, Johannes
name: Najjari, Laila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Detailed description of the statistical analyses.
Analytic solutions of scalar perturbations induced by scalar perturbations
Creators: name: Inomata, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scalar perturbations induced by scalar perturbations through the non-linear interaction appearing at second order in perturbations. We derive analytic solutions of the induced scalar perturbations in a perfect fluid. In particular, we consider the perturbations in a radiation-dominated era and a matter-dominated era. With the analytic solutions, we also discuss the power spectra of the induced perturbations.
description: 37 pages, 7 figures, v2: version published in JCAP, paragraph structure changed
Some incidence theorems and integrable discrete equations
Creators: name: Adler, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several incidence theorems of planar projective geometry are considered. It is demonstrated that generalizations of Pascal theorem due to Möbius give rise to double cross-ratio equation and Hietarinta equation. The construction corresponding to the double cross-ratio equation is a reduction to a conic section of some planar configuration $(20_3 15_4)$. This configuration provides a correct definition of the multidimensional quadrilateral lattices on the plane.
description: 12 p, 7 fig
Witnessing environment dimension through temporal correlations
Creators: name: Vieira, Lucas B.
name: Milz, Simon
name: Vitagliano, Giuseppe
name: Budroni, Costantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a framework to compute upper bounds for temporal correlations achievable in open quantum system dynamics, obtained by repeated measurements on the system. As these correlations arise by virtue of the environment acting as a memory resource, such bounds are witnesses for the minimal dimension of an effective environment compatible with the observed statistics. These witnesses are derived from a hierarchy of semidefinite programs with guaranteed asymptotic convergence. We compute non-trivial bounds for various sequences involving a qubit system and a qubit environment, and compare the results to the best known quantum strategies producing the same outcome sequences. Our results provide a numerically tractable method to determine bounds on multi-time probability distributions in open quantum system dynamics and allow for the witnessing of effective environment dimensions through probing of the system alone.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures