cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data Readiness for AI: A 360-Degree Survey
Creators: name: Hiniduma, Kaveen
name: Byna, Suren
name: Bez, Jean Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0; E.m

description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications critically depend on data. Poor quality data produces inaccurate and ineffective AI models that may lead to incorrect or unsafe use. Evaluation of data readiness is a crucial step in improving the quality and appropriateness of data usage for AI. R&D efforts have been spent on improving data quality. However, standardized metrics for evaluating data readiness for use in AI training are still evolving. In this study, we perform a comprehensive survey of metrics used to verify data readiness for AI training. This survey examines more than 140 papers published by ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, journals such as Nature, Springer, and Science Direct, and online articles published by prominent AI experts. This survey aims to propose a taxonomy of data readiness for AI (DRAI) metrics for structured and unstructured datasets. We anticipate that this taxonomy will lead to new standards for DRAI metrics that will be used for enhancing the quality, accuracy, and fairness of AI training and inference.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, submitted to ACM Computing Surveys
Practical application of McCloud's horizontal 'Infinite canvas' through the design, composition and creation of an online comic
Creators: name: Slack-Smith, Amanda
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024

description: This research examines the application of Scott McCloud's theory of the Infinite canvas, specifically the horizontal example outlined in Reinventing Comics (McCloud, 2000). It focuses on the useability and effectiveness of the Infinite canvas theory when applied as a practical example of a comic outcome for the Internet. This practical application of McCloud's horizontal Infinite canvas model has been achieved by creating a digital comic entitled Sad Reflections; a continuous horizontal narrative that is 20cm in height and 828cm in length and was designed to be viewed in a digital environment. This comic incorporates traditional comic techniques of gutters, time frames, line, with combining words and pictures, as outlined by McCloud (1993) in his first theoretical text Understanding Comics. These techniques are used to ensure that the project fulfilled the technical criteria used by the comic book industry to create comics. The project also incorporates McCloud's personally devised Infinite canvas techniques of trails, distance pacing, narrative subdivision, sustained rhythm and gradualism as outlined on his website. These new techniques are applied to assess their effectiveness in the creation of the horizontal Infinite canvas and ability to be integrated with traditional comic techniques.

The focus of this project is to examine the strengths and weaknesses of McCloud's Infinite canvas theory when applied to the practical comic outcome of the Sad Reflections. Three key questions are used to guide this research. These questions are: 1. Does the application of traditional comic techniques affect the effectiveness of the Infinite canvas when implemented to a horizontal format? 2. Are the new Infinite canvas techniques as outlined by McCloud able to be applied to a horizontal format and what impact do these techniques have on the process? 3. Is the application of a horizontal Infinite canvas of benefit to future developers of web comics? Based on the outcomes of the above questions, this paper nominates strategies, considerations and suitable production processes for future developers of web comics.
Blended RAG: Improving RAG (Retriever-Augmented Generation) Accuracy with Semantic Search and Hybrid Query-Based Retrievers
Creators: name: Sawarkar, Kunal
name: Mangal, Abhilasha
name: Solanki, Shivam Raj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a prevalent approach to infuse a private knowledge base of documents with Large Language Models (LLM) to build Generative Q\&A (Question-Answering) systems. However, RAG accuracy becomes increasingly challenging as the corpus of documents scales up, with Retrievers playing an outsized role in the overall RAG accuracy by extracting the most relevant document from the corpus to provide context to the LLM. In this paper, we propose the 'Blended RAG' method of leveraging semantic search techniques, such as Dense Vector indexes and Sparse Encoder indexes, blended with hybrid query strategies. Our study achieves better retrieval results and sets new benchmarks for IR (Information Retrieval) datasets like NQ and TREC-COVID datasets. We further extend such a 'Blended Retriever' to the RAG system to demonstrate far superior results on Generative Q\&A datasets like SQUAD, even surpassing fine-tuning performance.
description: Paper accepted by MIPR and presented at The 7th IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Information. Processing and Retrieval (IEEE-MIPR 2024)
Transnational networks within the Australian fashion industry: case studies on Akira Isogawa, Easton Pearson and Vixen
Creators: name: Bano, Shazia
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024

description: This research focuses on the creation of fashion using a transnational establishment where traditional Eastern artisanal techniques within the realm of textiles, are accessed from different geographic locations. And pplied within a Western context to create fashion that is global in nature.

The study analyses the practices of three Australian Womenswear designers: Akira Isogawa, Easton Pearson and Vixen to ascertain the presence of transnational networks within their systems. The objective is to identify the geographic aspect of their practices with a view to bringing their aesthetic into context. Which countries do they access and why? These Australian designers base their fashion on the production of specialised fabrics in which the textiles are custom made according to their specifications in locations, other than Australia and largely situated in parts of Asia. This process creates a type of fashion that adds value to a concept through the different stages of its making, based across different geographies in terms of inspirations, aesthetics and manufacturing.

Thus, the nature of their transnationality is brought into question: are they accessing these regions for economic reasons or is there an underlying philosophy at work? Their actual practices are therefore examined with the view to identifying both their commonalities and their differences. The emphasis of this study lies in identifying the nature of these practices and situating them within the context of the transnational, identifying their networks and the communities that together develop a hybrid cultural translation manifesting new imaginaries.
Additional file 2 of LncRNA RASAL2-AS1 promotes METTL14-mediated m6A methylation in the proliferation and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Rong, Meiting
name: Zhang, Ming
name: Dong, Feihong
name: Wu, Ke
name: Cai, Bingkun
name: Niu, Jinrui
name: Yang, Le
name: Li, Zhongyan
name: Lu, Hui-yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 2
Accessibility to green space in the Melbourne metropolitan area.
Creators: name: Hao, Zhenhuan
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024

description: Demand for green space by the public is becoming stronger for aesthetic enjoyment, recreation, clean air and quiet environment. Green space can protect biodiversity, absorb pollutants, adjust urban temperature and increase urban residents’ longevity. Accessibility to green spaces has been regarded as a useful measure of the quality of life in urban areas. Adequate and equitable accessibility to green space for all residents in urban areas is an important planning objective in many urban areas in the world, including the Melbourne Metropolitan Area (MMA), to sustain urban residents’ quality of life and well-being. The relative contributions of different kinds of facilities to the attractiveness of a green space have been weighted in relation to four population groups, determined from the 2011 ABS census data, including young (aged 0-15), adult (aged 16-64), aged (aged 65+), and total (aged 0-115). The accessibility values to neighbourhood green spaces for the four groups of population from each Mesh block (MB) across the MMA are measured with the following four different methods: M2SFCA_G, the 2-step floating catchment area modified by the Gaussion function; M2SFCA_B, the 2-step floating catchment area modified by the Butterworth filter; M3SFCA_G, the 3-step floating catchment area modified by the Gaussion function; and M3SFCA_B, the 3-step floating catchment area modified by the Butterworth filter.. According to MB level accessibility measured with the modified floating catchment area method, on average, the percentage of population with relatively high, Medium +, Medium, Medium -, and low accessibility to green space is about 21.2%, 18.5%, 25.6%, 18.7%, and 16.2%, These findings should provide valuable evidence for urban planners and public policy makers as well as the general public for formulating future urban plans. The methodology developed in this study should be applicable to other metropolitan areas within and even beyond Australia, should the required datasets are readily available and accessible. The thesis also includes some discussions about the relative merits of the four different floating catchment area based methods and some recommendations for future researches.
Masaryk University Press - "Keeping Up With The Standards"
Creators: name: Mizerová Alena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: university press standards
institutional publishing

description: This is a short presentation of Masaryk University Press by Alena Mizerová from the AEUP workshop “Keeping up With the Standards” in Riga, June 5-6 2018.
Development and evaluation of QCM sensors for the detection of influenza virus from clinical samples
Creators: name: Peduru Hewa, Thanara
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024

description: The Quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) is a very sensitive mass-detecting device which is based on changes in to the vibrational frequency of quartz crystals after adsorption of substances to a modified crystal surface. In this study a QCM-based biosensor was developed for the rapid diagnosis of influenza viruses and its suitability and limitations were compared with currently available diagnostic methods on 67 clinical samples (nasal washes) received during the 2005 Australian winter.

The type-specific and conserved viral M1 proteins of both A/PR/8/34 and B/Lee/40 viruses were used to prepare polyclonal antisera for the development of an ELISA. The limits of detection of ELISAs for the detection of purified A/PR/8/34 and B/Lee/40 ƒnviruses were 20ƒÝg/mL ƒnand 14 ƒÝg/mL using polyclonal antibodies, and 30 ƒÝg/mL and 20 ƒÝg/mL for monoclonal antibodies, respectively. The limit for detection of each virus was 104 pfu/mL, irrespective of whether antisera or monoclonal antibodies were used for capture. Non-purified cell culture-grown preparations of either virus could be detected at 103 pfu/mL

The QCM utilised the same reagents used in ELISAs. However, a number of parameters were then further optimised to improve the sensitivity of the tests. These included blocking of non-specific binding, examination of the effects of flow-cell compression, the role of pH, flow rate, antibody concentration and the addition of protein A to the crystal surfaces of the biosensor.

The lowest virus concentration that could be detected with the QCM was 104 pfu/mL for egg-grown preparations of both A/PR/8/34 and B/Lee/40, which could be detected within 30 min. However, conjugation of 13 nm gold nanoparticles to a second detector antibody resulted in a 10-fold increase in sensitivity and a detection limit of 103 pfu/mL that could be determined within 1 h. The direct detection of the influenza viruses in nasal samples was not possible by QCM because of the significant frequency fluctuation that was probably caused by the viscosity of the samples. Therefore, an additional culture step of 12 h was required, which increased the processing time to 2 days.

The QCM/nanoparticle method was shown to be as sensitive as the standard cell culture method, and the QCM method as sensitive as the shell vial method. The QCM and QCM/nanoparticle methods were shown to be 81 and 87% as sensitive and both were 100% as specific as the real-time polymerase chain reaction. However, for use in rapid diagnosis, improvements are required to remove frequency fluctuation resulting from the direct use of nasal samples.
Dynamical Behavior of a Stochastic Epidemiological Model: Stationary Distribution and Extinction of a SIRS Model with Stochastic Perturbations
Creators: name: Zinihi, Achraf
name: Ammi, Moulay Rchid Sidi
name: Ehrhardt, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92C60, 91G30, 39A50, 93D05, 33F05

description: This paper deals with a new epidemiological model of SIRS with stochastic perturbations. The primary objective is to establish the existence of a unique non-negative nonlocal solution. Using the basic reproduction number $\mathscr{R}_0$ derived from the associated deterministic model, we demonstrate the existence of a stationary distribution in the stochastic model. In addition, we study the fluctuation of the unique solution of the deterministic problem around the disease-free equilibrium under certain conditions. In particular, we reveal scenarios where random effects induce disease extinction, contrary to the persistence predicted by the deterministic model. The theoretical insights are complemented by numerical simulations, which provide further validation of our findings.
I/O in Machine Learning Applications on HPC Systems: A 360-degree Survey
Creators: name: Lewis, Noah
name: Bez, Jean Luca
name: Byna, Surendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.2; H.3.4; I.2.11

description: Growing interest in Artificial Intelligence (AI) has resulted in a surge in demand for faster methods of Machine Learning (ML) model training and inference. This demand for speed has prompted the use of high performance computing (HPC) systems that excel in managing distributed workloads. Because data is the main fuel for AI applications, the performance of the storage and I/O subsystem of HPC systems is critical. In the past, HPC applications accessed large portions of data written by simulations or experiments or ingested data for visualizations or analysis tasks. ML workloads perform small reads spread across a large number of random files. This shift of I/O access patterns poses several challenges to modern parallel storage systems. In this paper, we survey I/O in ML applications on HPC systems, and target literature within a 6-year time window from 2019 to 2024. We define the scope of the survey, provide an overview of the common phases of ML, review available profilers and benchmarks, examine the I/O patterns encountered during offline data preparation, training, and inference, and explore I/O optimizations utilized in modern ML frameworks and proposed in recent literature. Lastly, we seek to expose research gaps that could spawn further R&D.
Discriminatory related party transactions and corporate governance reform: evidence from Bangladesh
Creators: name: Tareq, Mohammad
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024

description: Discriminatory related party transactions (DRPTs) are non-arm’s length transactions with related parties of controlling shareholders for private benefit at the cost of other shareholders. This is a governance issue between controlling shareholders and minority shareholders in both developed and developing countries. However, most studies on DRPTs are in developed countries with the few exceptions of studies in China, India and Mexico.

In 2006, listed companies in Bangladesh were subjected to corporate governance reforms through an order issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission of Bangladesh. The reforms have potential to curb DRPTs. However, prior studies on the effectiveness of corporate governance reform in protecting minority shareholders from DRPTs in a developing country have been limited. Considering the limited research on DRPTs, this thesis develops two objectives. The first objective is to develop a new improved measure for DRPTs. The second objective of the thesis is to investigate the effectiveness of Bangladesh’s 2006 reforms for protecting minority shareholders from DRPTs.

This thesis develops and tests a measure that seeks to distinguish the proportion of transactions in total RPTs that is discriminatory from the proportion that is based on legitimate business motives. Type 1 and Type 2 error rates and power of the new measurement are compared with an existing measure using computer simulated and real data. The capital market sensitivity of the new measure is also tested and compared with an existing measure. The new measure is found to be superior to the existing measure.

The thesis also reveals the perspectives of key players about flaws in the selection of independent directors and inexperience of independent directors in their role. It finds that most of the independent audit committee members are either retired bureaucrats or academics and many independent directors do not speak out to protect minority shareholders’ interests mainly because of their friendly relationship with the chair or controlling shareholders group who recruited him/her to the board. The result of the thesis suggests that a lack of accounting education and experience hinders the audit committee’s activities. It further reveals that independent directors are motivated to learn the job in concern for their social reputation. This motivation does indicate potential improvement in their performance over coming years. The inference from the findings is that independent directors in Bangladesh are currently in learning phase and have the potential to become effective in protecting minority shareholders from DRPTs in the future.
title: Extremal Directed And Mixed Graphs
Creators: name: Tuite, James
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2022

description: We consider three problems in extremal graph theory, namely the degree/diameter problem, the degree/geodecity problem and Tur\'{a}n problems, in the context of directed and partially directed graphs. A directed graph or mixed graph $G$ is $k$-geodetic if there is no pair of vertices $u,v$ of $G$ such that there exist distinct non-backtracking walks with length $\leq k$ in $G$ from $u$ to $v$. The order of a $k$-geodetic digraph with minimum out-degree $d$ is bounded below by the \emph{directed Moore bound} $M(d,k) = 1+d+d^2+\dots +d^k$; similarly the order of a $k$-geodetic mixed graph with minimum undirected degree $r$ and minimum directed out-degree $z$ is bounded below by the \emph{mixed Moore bound}. We will be interested in networks with order exceeding the Moore bound by some small \emph{excess} $\epsilon $. The \emph{degree/geodecity problem} asks for the smallest possible order of a $k$-geodetic digraph or mixed graph with given degree parameters. We prove the existence of extremal graphs, which we call \emph{geodetic cages}, and provide some bounds on their order and information on their structure. We discuss the structure of digraphs with excess one and rule out the existence of certain digraphs with excess one. We then classify all digraphs with out-degree two and excess two, as well as all diregular digraphs with out-degree two and excess three. We also present the first known non-trivial examples of geodetic cages. We then generalise this work to the setting of mixed graphs. First we address the question of the total regularity of mixed graphs with order close to the Moore bound and prove bounds on the order of mixed graphs that are not totally regular. In particular using spectral methods we prove a conjecture of L\'{o}pez and Miret that mixed graphs with diameter two and order one less than the Moore bound are totally regular. Using counting arguments we then provide strong bounds on the order of totally regular $k$-geodetic mixed graphs and use these results to derive new extremal mixed graphs. Finally we change our focus and study the Tur\'{a}n problem of the largest possible size of a $k$-geodetic digraph with given order. We solve this problem and also prove an exact expression for the restricted problem of the largest possible size of strongly connected $2$-geodetic digraphs, as well as providing constructions of strongly connected $k$-geodetic digraphs that we conjecture to be extremal for larger $k$. We close with a discussion of some related generalised Tur\'{a}n problems for $k$-geodetic digraphs.
Sugarcane Health Monitoring With Satellite Spectroscopy and Machine Learning: A Review
Creators: name: Waters, Ethan Kane
name: Chen, Carla Chia-Ming
name: Azghadi, Mostafa Rahimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Research into large-scale crop monitoring has flourished due to increased accessibility to satellite imagery. This review delves into previously unexplored and under-explored areas in sugarcane health monitoring and disease/pest detection using satellite-based spectroscopy and Machine Learning (ML). It discusses key considerations in system development, including relevant satellites, vegetation indices, ML methods, factors influencing sugarcane reflectance, optimal growth conditions, common diseases, and traditional detection methods. Many studies highlight how factors like crop age, soil type, viewing angle, water content, recent weather patterns, and sugarcane variety can impact spectral reflectance, affecting the accuracy of health assessments via spectroscopy. However, these variables have not been fully considered in the literature. In addition, the current literature lacks comprehensive comparisons between ML techniques and vegetation indices. We address these gaps in this review. We discuss that, while current findings suggest the potential for an ML-driven satellite spectroscopy system for monitoring sugarcane health, further research is essential. This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of previous research to aid in unlocking this potential and advancing the development of an effective sugarcane health monitoring system using satellite technology.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Correction Formulas for the Mølmer-Sørensen Gate Under Strong Driving
Creators: name: Kirchhoff, Susanna
name: Wilhelm, Frank K.
name: Motzoi, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mølmer-Sørensen gate is a widely used entangling gate for ion platforms with inherent robustness to trap heating. The gate performance is limited by coherent errors, arising from the Lamb-Dicke (LD) approximation and sideband errors. Here, we provide explicit analytical formulas for errors up to fourth order in the LD parameter, by using the Magnus expansion to match numerical precision, and overcome significant, orders-of-magnitude underestimation of errors by previous theory methods. We show that fourth order Magnus expansion terms are unavoidable, being in fact leading order in LD, and are therefore critical to include for typical experimental fidelity ranges. We show how these errors can be dramatically reduced compared to previous theory by using analytical renormalization of the drive strength, by calibration of the Lamb-Dicke parameter, and by the use of smooth pulse shaping.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Classical origins of Landau-incompatible transitions
Creators: name: Prakash, Abhishodh
name: Jones, Nick G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous phase transitions where symmetry is spontaneously broken are ubiquitous in physics and often found between `Landau-compatible' phases where residual symmetries of one phase are a subset of the other. However, continuous `deconfined quantum critical' transitions between Landau-incompatible symmetry-breaking phases are known to exist in certain quantum systems, often with anomalous microscopic symmetries. In this Letter, we investigate the need for such special conditions. We show that Landau-incompatible transitions can be found in a family of well-known classical statistical mechanical models with anomaly-free symmetries, introduced by José, Kadanoff, Kirkpatrick and Nelson (Phys. Rev. B 16, 1217). The models are anisotropic deformations of the classical 2d XY model labelled by a positive integer $Q$. For a range of temperatures, even $Q$ models exhibit two Landau-incompatible partial symmetry-breaking phases and a direct transition between them for $Q \ge 4$. Characteristic features of deconfined quantum criticality, such as enhanced symmetries and melting of charged defects are easily seen in a classical setting. For odd $Q$, and corresponding temperature ranges, two regions of a single partial symmetry-breaking phase appear, split by a stable `unnecessary critical' line. We discuss experimental systems that realize these transitions and present anomaly-free quantum models that also exhibit similar phase diagrams.
description: 9 (Main + End matter) + 8 (Supplemental) = 17 pages, 5 (Main + End matter) + 7 (Supplemental) = 12 figures. v2: Improved presentation and expanded discussion to include (a) realization in experiments (main text), (b) explicit paths avoiding unnecessary criticality (end matter) and (c) comments on anomalies in classical systems (supplemental materials). Close to the published version
Additional file 1 of Domperidone inhibits cell proliferation via targeting MEK and CDK4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Shi, Yunshu
name: Zhang, Yuhan
name: Shi, Yaqian
name: Hussain, Zubair
name: Zhao, Jimin
name: jiang, Yanan
name: Qiao, Yan
name: Guo, Yaping
name: Lu, Jing
name: Dong, Ziming
name: Dong, Zigang
name: Wang, Junyong
name: Liu, Kangdong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Real-Time Convolutional Neural Network-Based Star Detection and Centroiding Method for CubeSat Star Tracker
Creators: name: Zhao, Hongrui
name: Lembeck, Michael F.
name: Zhuang, Adrian
name: Shah, Riya
name: Wei, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Star trackers are one of the most accurate celestial sensors used for absolute attitude determination. The devices detect stars in captured images and accurately compute their projected centroids on an imaging focal plane with subpixel precision. Traditional algorithms for star detection and centroiding often rely on threshold adjustments for star pixel detection and pixel brightness weighting for centroid computation. However, challenges like high sensor noise and stray light can compromise algorithm performance. This article introduces a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based approach for star detection and centroiding, tailored to address the issues posed by noisy star tracker images in the presence of stray light and other artifacts. Trained using simulated star images overlayed with real sensor noise and stray light, the CNN produces both a binary segmentation map distinguishing star pixels from the background and a distance map indicating each pixel's proximity to the nearest star centroid. Leveraging this distance information alongside pixel coordinates transforms centroid calculations into a set of trilateration problems solvable via the least squares method. Our method employs efficient UNet variants for the underlying CNN architectures, and the variants' performances are evaluated. Comprehensive testing has been undertaken with synthetic image evaluations, hardware-in-the-loop assessments, and night sky tests. The tests consistently demonstrated that our method outperforms several existing algorithms in centroiding accuracy and exhibits superior resilience to high sensor noise and stray light interference. An additional benefit of our algorithms is that they can be executed in real-time on low-power edge AI processors.
The diversification benefits and the risk and return relationships in the Chinese A-share market
Creators: name: WANG, Yue
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024

description: China's rapid economic growth and the development of its domestic stock market have attracted considerable attention from foreign investors. China's economic financial expansion, however, has emerged from an environment of state planning and radical socialist ideology. With a view of providing investors with a better understanding of the risk and return relationship in the Chinese A-share market over the past decade, this thesis adapts several empirical models to the circumstances in China and conducts four empirical analyses.

First, in order to rationalize foreign investors' entry into the A-share market, the thesis compares the diversification benefits in three China-related stock markets, namely the A-share, the B-share and the H-share markets in a mean-variance framework using daily, weekly and monthly data respectively. The results suggest that of the three stock markets, the B-share market generates the highest average annual returns while the A-share market has the most significant diversification benefits regardless of whether the analysis is undertaken implementing a traditional mean-variance framework or a downside risk framework.

Next, an empirical analysis using the Fama and MacBeth two-pass procedure is undertaken to test the relationship between beta, firm factors and stock returns. Similar to the findings in other stock markets, the results of this analysis show that the static betas for individual stocks fail to capture variation in stock returns in the A-share market. In contrast, the effects of book-to-market and trading volume are significant in the sample period. However, the fact that none of these factors have a persistent role in explaining stock returns suggests a possible change in the investment philosophy of Chinese domestic investors over the past decade. In the third analysis, two global betas are incorporated into the cross-sectional regressions in a bid to examine the integration or segmentation of the A-share market with the world and Hong Kong stock markets. Specifically, both time-varying betas and static betas are used in the analysis. The results suggest that there is no beta effect and the A-share marke t is totally segmented from both the world and Hong Kong stock markets.

Finally, when the segmentation and integration status of the A-share market is further examined using the Maximum Likelihood Estimation framework without beta estimation and the assumption of a linear relationship between beta and stock returns, the findings suggest that the A-share market is becoming increasing integrated with the B-share and the Hong Kong stock markets.
Phonon Inverse Faraday effect from electron-phonon coupling
Creators: name: Shabala, Natalia
name: Geilhufe, R. Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phonon inverse Faraday effect describes the emergence of a DC magnetization due to circularly polarized phonons. In this work we present a microscopic formalism for the phonon inverse Faraday effect. The formalism is based on time-dependent second order perturbation theory and electron phonon coupling. While our final equation is general and material independent, we provide estimates for the effective magnetic field expected for the ferroelectric soft mode in the oxide perovskite SrTiO$_3$. Our estimates are consistent with recent experiments showing a huge magnetization after a coherent excitation of circularly polarized phonons with THz laser light. Hence, the theoretical approach presented here is promising for shedding light into the microscopic mechanism of angular momentum transfer between ionic and electronic angular momentum, which is expected to play a central role in the phononic manipulation of magnetism.
description: Main text: 5 pages, 3 figures and supplementary materials
Cooperative control for multi-vehicle swarms
Creators: name: Ilaya, Omar
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024

description: The cooperative control of large-scale multi-agent systems has gained a significant interest in recent years from the robotics and control communities for multi-vehicle control. One motivator for the growing interest is the application of spatially and temporally distributed multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems for distributed sensing and collaborative operations. In this research, the multi-vehicle control problem is addressed using a decentralised control system. The work aims to provide a decentralised control framework that synthesises the self-organised and coordinated behaviour of natural swarming systems into cooperative UAV systems. The control system design framework is generalised for application into various other multi-agent systems including cellular robotics, ad-hoc communication networks, and modular smart-structures. The approach involves identifying su itable relationships that describe the behaviour of the UAVs within the swarm and the interactions of these behaviours to produce purposeful high-level actions for system operators. A major focus concerning the research involves the development of suitable analytical tools that decomposes the general swarm behaviours to the local vehicle level. The control problem is approached using two-levels of abstraction; the supervisory level, and the local vehicle level. Geometric control techniques based on differential geometry are used at the supervisory level to reduce the control problem to a small set of permutation and size invariant abstract descriptors. The abstract descriptors provide an open-loop optimal state and control trajectory for the collective swarm and are used to describe the intentions of the vehicles. Decentralised optimal control is implemented at the local vehicle level to synthesise self-organised and cooperative behaviour. A deliberative control scheme is implemented at the local vehicle le vel that demonstrates autonomous, cooperative and optimal behaviour whilst the preserving precision and reliability at the local vehicle level.
sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076231180521 - Supplemental material for Fragmented care trajectories in municipal healthcare: Local sensemaking of digital documentation
Creators: name: Duval Jensen, Julie
name: Ledderer, Loni
name: Kolbæk, Raymond
name: Beedholm, Kirsten
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cardiology
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 200299 Cultural Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 150310 Organisation and Management Theory
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Science Policy
subject: 160512 Social Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076231180521 for Fragmented care trajectories in municipal healthcare: Local sensemaking of digital documentation by Julie Duval Jensen, Loni Ledderer, Raymond Kolbæk and Kirsten Beedholm in DIGITAL HEALTH
ЦИТОМОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ ЛИМФОИДНОЙ ТКАНИ И БЕЛКОВОГО СОСТАВА КРОВИ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА ВО ВНУТРИУТРОБНЫЙ И ПОСТНАТАЛЬНЫЙ ПЕРИОД
Creators: name: Таов И.Х., Улимбашев М.Б.
Publisher: name: Российская академия наук (Москва)
Year: 2018

description: Проведено изучение особенностей цитоморфологических реакций лимфоидной ткани и иммунобиологического состояния организма крупного рогатого скота во внутриутробный и постнатальный периоды. Цитоморфологический анализ проводили путем подсчета клеток лимфатического и плазматического ряда в 50 полях зрения по методике [10]. Уровень обменных процессов в организме подопытных животных определяли по содержанию в сыворотке крови общего белка рефрактометрическим методом [11]), его фракционному составу — методом электрофореза в агаровом геле по [12]; иммуноэлектрофорез — по методике [13]. Основные клеточные сдвиги в лимфоузлах и селезенке, а также других лимфоидных образованиях у плодов раннего возраста выражались в накоплении крупных базофильных клеток — лимфобластов. Электрофоретическое разделение и иммунное проявление белков сыворотки крови животных осуществляли одновременно и отмечен феномен полной антигенной идентичности как с иммунными сыворотками против белков крови самок, так и белков крови быка. На их иммунофореграммах обнаружено от 18 до 22 антигенных компонентов.
sj-docx-1-jpx-10.1177_23743735231179072 - Supplemental material for Complaints, Restraint, and Seclusion in Massachusetts Inpatient Psychiatric Facilities, 2008–2018
Creators: name: Shields, Morgan C.
name: Hollander, Mara A.G.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jpx-10.1177_23743735231179072 for Complaints, Restraint, and Seclusion in Massachusetts Inpatient Psychiatric Facilities, 2008–2018 by Morgan C. Shields and Mara A.G. Hollander in Journal of Patient Experience
Grain boundary solute segregation across the 5D space of crystallographic character
Creators: name: Serafin, Lydia Harris
name: Cluff, Ethan R.
name: Hart, Gus L. W.
name: Homer, Eric R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solute segregation in materials with grain boundaries (GBs) has emerged as a popular method to thermodynamically stabilize nanocrystalline structures. However, the impact of varied GB crystallographic character on solute segregation has never been thoroughly examined. This work examines Co solute segregation in a dataset of 7272 Al bicrystal GBs that span the 5D space of GB crystallographic character. Considerable attention is paid to verification of the calculations in the diverse and large set of GBs. In addition, the results of this work are favorably validated against similar bicrystal and polycrystal simulations. As with other work, we show that Co atoms exhibit strong segregation to sites in Al GBs and that segregation correlates strongly with GB energy and GB excess volume. Segregation varies smoothly in the 5D crystallographic space but has a complex landscape without an obvious functional form.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, and supplemental materials
sj-docx-1-mrx-10.1177_01979183231161600 - Supplemental material for Competing Family Pathways for Immigrants and Their Descendants in Germany
Creators: name: Liu, Chia
name: Kulu, Hill
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-mrx-10.1177_01979183231161600 for Competing Family Pathways for Immigrants and Their Descendants in Germany by Chia Liu and Hill Kulu in International Migration Review
Supplemental Material - Understanding the Process of Drug Addiction Recovery Through First-Hand Experiences: A Qualitative Study in the Netherlands Using Lifeline Interviews
Creators: name: Martinelli, T. F.
name: Roeg, D. P. K.
name: Bellaert, L.
name: Van de Mheen, D.
name: Nagelhout, G.E.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental Material for Understanding the Process of Drug Addiction Recovery Through First-Hand Experiences: A Qualitative Study in the Netherlands Using Lifeline Interviews by T. F. Martinelli, D. P. K. Roeg, L. Bellaert, D. van de Mheen, and G. E. Nagelhout in Qualitative Health Research.
The skin project
Creators: name: VARCOE, Adele
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024

description: Welcome to this very special issue of FFM (Future Fashion Magazine). This month we've sent our savvy team of fashionistas on a mission to unfold everything you need to know about the hottest, newest, latest trend to take the fashion would by storm. It’s called The Skin Project and it’s about to turn the fash pack into a frenzy.

In this special issue you'll meet the lady herself, Ms L.E Varlo. She's responsible for the Skin Folding technique that The Skin Project is famous for. She says 'Skin Folding is a technique that involves temporarily modifying your skin to make a garment for yourself.' Wild huh. L.E says she's interested in what it is that makes us feel dressed and what clothing could be. Fashion critics are skeptical and others are finding it hard to imagine feeling dressed in their own skin. But Adele Varcoe FFM editor says that “ fashion is changing what we believe clothing to be and The Skin Project is a great example of this. The fact that people are feeling dressed in their own skin demonstrates that fashion can make us feel dressed in almost anything. Today I’m wearing my skin folded similar to Angelina at the Oscars. Wearing my skin folded transforms me into the me I’d rather be.”

So, whether you're searching for something to wear or making folds in your own skin, it seems The Skin Project is going to get us thinking about what the future holds for fashion.
Students' expectations and perceptions of service quality performance: university student advisors in Australia, Malaysia and Singapore.
Creators: name: Ong, Wee
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024

description: As colleges and universities have attempted to become more student-oriented (Wright 1996), students’ perceptions of the higher education experience have become more important to tertiary institutions. Two elements of students’ experience, their treatment during the service process and the actual outcomes experienced by them, affect their judgment of the quality of service and ultimately influence their choice for enrolment in higher education institutions.

In order to compete effectively in the marketplace, institutions need to differentiate themselves from their competitors by providing higher quality services (Joseph 1998). To consider how, and to what effect, this is done, this study focuses on the discrepancies/gaps between expected and perceived services, using a modified SERVQUAL instrument to examine students’ perceptions of the quality of service in higher education environments across Australia, Malaysia, and Singapore. This study also examines the influence of cultural dimensions and gender on students’ perceptions of discrepancies/gaps between expected and experienced the quality of service.

The findings show a significant difference between first- and third-year students’ expectations and perceptions of the quality of service in Malaysia and Singapore. There is a significant difference in the perceived discrepancies in the quality of service between first- and third-year students in Singapore. It is also found that cultural dimensions have a significant impact on students’ expectations and perceptions, with discrepancies evident between first- and third-year students in Australia, Malaysia, and Singapore. A third finding is male and female students’ expectations and perceptions of the quality of service in Australia are significantly different.

A lack of knowledge about students’ perceptions might lead management to misallocate resources in attempts to improve the quality of their university; such misdirected efforts could result in further student dissatisfaction. This study’s analysis of the discrepancy/gap between expectations and perceptions of the quality of service, identifies deficiencies and areas of dissatisfaction that offer opportunities for university managers to improve overall student services, to build a long-term relationship with the customers, and to improve the institution’s reputation.