cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implementing Turing Machines in Dynamic Field Architectures
Creators: name: Graben, Peter beim
name: Potthast, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cognitive computation such as e.g. language processing, is conventionally regarded as Turing computation, and Turing machines can be uniquely implemented as nonlinear dynamical systems using generalized shifts and subsequent Gödel encoding of the symbolic repertoire. The resulting nonlinear dynamical automata (NDA) are piecewise affine-linear maps acting on the unit square that is partitioned into rectangular domains. Iterating a single point, i.e. a microstate, by the dynamics yields a trajectory of, in principle, infinitely many points scattered through phase space. Therefore, the NDAs microstate dynamics does not necessarily terminate in contrast to its counterpart, the symbolic dynamics obtained from the rectangular partition. In order to regain the proper symbolic interpretation, one has to prepare ensembles of randomly distributed microstates with rectangular supports. Only the resulting macrostate evolution corresponds then to the original Turing machine computation. However, the introduction of random initial conditions into a deterministic dynamics is not really satisfactory. As a possible solution for this problem we suggest a change of perspective. Instead of looking at point dynamics in phase space, we consider functional dynamics of probability distributions functions (p.d.f.s) over phase space. This is generally described by a Frobenius-Perron integral transformation that can be regarded as a neural field equation over the unit square as feature space of a dynamic field theory (DFT). Solving the Frobenius-Perron equation, yields that uniform p.d.f.s with rectangular support are mapped onto uniform p.d.f.s with rectangular support, again. Thus, the symbolically meaningful NDA macrostate dynamics becomes represented by iterated function dynamics in DFT; hence we call the resulting representation dynamic field automata.
description: 5 pages, no figure
Lyapunov statistics and mixing rates for intermittent systems
Creators: name: Pires, Carlos J. A.
name: Saa, Alberto
name: Venegeroles, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider here a recent conjecture stating that correlation functions and tail probabilities of finite time Lyapunov exponents would have the same power law decay in weakly chaotic systems. We demonstrate that this conjecture fails for a generic class of maps of the Pomeau-Manneville type. We show further that, typically, the decay properties of such tail probabilities do not provide significant information on key aspects of weakly chaotic dynamics such as ergodicity and instability regimes. Our approaches are firmly based on rigorous results, particularly the Aaronson-Darling-Kac theorem, and are also confirmed by exhaustive numerical simulations.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, to appear in PRE
title: Expectations of radiography students regarding the new undergraduate course in medical imaging and radiotherapy
Creators: name: Abrantes, Antonio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education and Training
subject: Professional issues
subject: Radiographers
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Education
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Education and training
subject: Not applicable
subject: Multicentre study

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The recent change in the undergraduate courses of Nuclear Medicine, Radiography and Radiotherapy resulted in the creation of a single course named Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy (MIR). The purpose of this amendment was the need of an international...
Age, Gender, and Cancer but Not Neurodegenerative and Cardiovascular Diseases Strongly Modulate Systemic Effect of the Apolipoprotein E4 Allele on Lifespan
Creators: name: Kulminski, Alexander M.
name: Arbeev, Konstantin G.
name: Culminskaya, Irina
name: Arbeeva, Liubov
name: Ukraintseva, Svetlana V.
name: Stallard, Eric
name: Christensen, Kaare
name: Schupf, Nicole
name: Province, Michael A.
name: Yashin, Anatoli I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Life expectancy
subject: Alzheimer's disease
subject: Cardiovascular system--Diseases
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Enduring interest in the Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphism is ensured by its evolutionary-driven uniqueness in humans and its prominent role in geriatrics and gerontology. We use large samples of longitudinally followed populations from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) original and offspring cohorts and the Long Life Family Study (LLFS) to investigate gender-specific effects of the ApoE4 allele on human survival in a wide range of ages from midlife to extreme old ages, and the sensitivity of these effects to cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders (ND). The analyses show that women's lifespan is more sensitive to the e4 allele than men's in all these populations. A highly significant adverse effect of the e4 allele is limited to women with moderate lifespan of about 70 to 95 years in two FHS cohorts and the LLFS with relative risk of death RR = 1.48 (p = 3.6×10−6) in the FHS cohorts. Major human diseases including CVD, ND, and cancer, whose risks can be sensitive to the e4 allele, do not mediate the association of this allele with lifespan in large FHS samples. Non-skin cancer non-additively increases mortality of the FHS women with moderate lifespans increasing the risks of death of the e4 carriers with cancer two-fold compared to the non-e4 carriers, i.e., RR = 2.07 (p = 5.0×10−7). The results suggest a pivotal role of non-sex-specific cancer as a nonlinear modulator of survival in this sample that increases the risk of death of the ApoE4 carriers by 150% (p = 5.3×10−8) compared to the non-carriers. This risk explains the 4.2 year shorter life expectancy of the e4 carriers compared to the non-carriers in this sample. The analyses suggest the existence of age- and gender-sensitive systemic mechanisms linking the e4 allele to lifespan which can non-additively interfere with cancer-related mechanisms.
Evaluation of a drug user-led safer injecting education campaign
Creators: name: Callon, Cody Terry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Background: Unsafe injection practices remain a significant source of morbidity and mortality among people who inject drugs (IDU), this thesis sought to: review the literature outlining the ways in which people inject unsafely, the health consequences associated with unsafe practices, the factors that influence injection practices, and the interventions that have been designed to address these problems; describe a drug user-led safer injecting education campaign; and finally, examine the facilitators’ and participants’ perceptions of a unique user-led intervention. Methods: Qualitative data was derived from semi-structured qualitative interviews conducted with eight members of the Injection Support (IS) Team who developed and facilitated a series of safer injecting education workshops and 20 individuals who participated in these workshops. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and a thematic analysis was conducted. Results: A literature review identified numerous specific unsafe injection practices, which are associated with negative health outcomes, including HIV, hepatitis C, bacterial infections, and venous damage. Research demonstrates that various individual, physical, social, and structural factors influence injection practices, and has identified a number of interventions (e.g. syringe distribution, education) that reduce negative health consequences. Results indicate that IDU typically learn about injecting by watching or sharing experiences with other IDU and that significant gaps in knowledge regarding safer injecting practices persist. Accounts of IDU suggest that the unique process and structure of IS Team workshops enabled effective communication of information about safer injecting practices, while targeting the unsafe practices of workshop participants. Facilitators’ identity as IDU enhanced their ability to relate to workshop participants, most of whom expressed that they prefer user-led interventions to other approaches. Facilitators reported gaining knowledge, skills, and positive feelings about themselves from their involvement in the campaign, while many participants reported that they acquired new knowledge that would alter their future injecting practices. Discussion: The IS Team education campaign focuses on health issues relevant to IDU that are not being adequately addressed by existing public health programs. This study demonstrates the feasibility and benefits of involving IDU in educational initiatives targeting unsafe injecting. Increased involvement of IDU in interventions designed to address unsafe injecting is urgently required.
Impact of Technical Sources of Variation on the Hand Microbiome Dynamics of Healthcare Workers
Creators: name: Rosenthal, Mariana
name: Aiello, Allison E.
name: Chenoweth, Carol
name: Goldberg, Deborah
name: Larson, Elaine
name: Gloor, Gregory
name: Foxman, Betsy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Integrated delivery of health care--Evaluation
Skin--Microbiology
Industrial hygiene
Biology

description: We assessed the dynamics of hand microbial community structure of 34 healthcare workers from a single surgical intensive care unit over a short (3 week) time period, whilst taking into account the technical sources of variability introduced by specimen collection, DNA extraction, and sequencing. Sample collection took place at 3 different time points. Only the sampling collection method appeared to have a significant impact on the observed hand microbial community structure among the healthcare workers. Analysis of samples collected using glove-juice showed a slightly more similar microbial composition within individual hand samples over time than between the hands of different individuals over time. This was not true for samples collected using a swab, where samples from a single individual were no more similar to each other over time than those among other individuals over time, suggesting they were essentially independent. DNA extraction techniques (lysozyme only versus enzyme cocktail) and sequencing (replicate set 1 versus 2) using Ion Torrent Personal Genome Machine, were not influential to the microbial community structures. Glove-juice sample collection may likely be the method of choice in hand hygiene studies in the healthcare setting.
title: Uncertainty analysis of the Standardized Precipitation Index in the presence of trend
title: Hydrology days 2009
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2009
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Cancelliere, Antonino
name: Bonaccorso, Brunella
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2009

description: 2009 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 25 - March 27, 2009.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is an index widely used for drought monitoring purposes. Since its computation requires the preliminary fitting of a probability distribution to monthly precipitation aggregated at different time scales, the SPI value for a given year and a given month will depend on the particular sample of observed precipitation adopted for its estimation and in particular on the sample size. Furthermore, the presence of trend in the underlying precipitation will affect adversely the estimation of parameters, and therefore the computation of SPI. Objective of the present paper is to investigate the variability of the SPI with respect to the size of the sample used for estimating its parameters, either in the case of stationary or non stationary precipitation series. In particular, sampling properties of SPI, such as bias and root mean squared error (RMSE), are analytically derived assuming the underlying precipitation series without trend and normally distributed. Results related to the normal case can find application also in the case of other distributions, namely when sample data can be transformed into normal values (i.e. lognormal or cube root normal distributed data). Moreover, sampling properties when precipitation is affected by trend are investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulation. Results indicate that SPI values are significantly affected by the size of the sample adopted for its estimation. In particular, while for the case of underlying stationary series, RMSE tends asymptotically to zero as sample size increases as expected, in the presence of a linear trend a minimum RMSE value can be determined corresponding to a specific sample size. This suggests that an optimal sample size (in RMSE sense) can be determined, when the underlying series is affected by trend.
A novel protein footprinting platform: mass spectrometry of laser-initiated carbene reactions
Creators: name: Jumper, Chanelle C.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 114-123
description: A few pages are in colour.
description: Includes copies of copyright permission. Original copies with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: This work reports a protein labeling method using non-selective carbene reactions of sufficiently high efficiency to permit detection by mass spectrometric methods at the protein, peptide and residue level. The approach uses a diazirine-modified amino acid (L-2-amino-4,4' -azipentanoic acid, "photoleucine") as a label source, which is converted to a highly reactive carbene by pulsed laser photolysis at 355 nm. Labeling of model proteins and peptides was achieved with sensitivity to changes in protein topography brought about by conformational change and ligand binding. Labeling yield is independent of protein concentration over approximately two orders of magnitude, but is weakly dependent on the presence of other chromophores in a photon-limited apparatus. The current configuration required 2 minutes of irradiation for full reagent conversion, however it is shown that comparable yields can be achieved with a single high-energy laser pulse (>100 mJ/pulse, <10 nsec), offering a labeling method with high temporal resolution.
Massive black hole binary plane reorientation in rotating stellar systems
Creators: name: Gualandris, Alessia
name: Dotti, Massimo
name: Sesana, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the orientation of the orbital plane of massive black hole binaries (BHBs) in rotating stellar systems in which the total angular momentum of the stellar cusp is misaligned with respect to that of the binary. We compare results from direct summation N-body simulations with predictions from a simple theoretical model. We find that the same encounters between cusp stars and the BHB that are responsible for the hardening and eccentricity evolution of the binary, lead to a reorientation of the binary orbital plane. In particular, binaries whose angular momentum is initially misaligned with respect to that of the stellar cusp tend to realign their orbital planes with the angular momentum of the cusp on a timescale of a few hardening times. This is due to angular momentum exchange between stars and the BHB during close encounters, and may have important implications for the relative orientation of host galaxies and radio jets.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Prostate cancer recurrence: One year experience with Gallium-68 PSMA PET/CT in Ireland
Creators: name: Heaney, Roisin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Oncologic Imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Oncology
subject: PET-CT
subject: Localisation
subject: Cancer
subject: Metastases
subject: Prospective
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Within ten years of definitive treatment for prostate cancer 20–40% of patients post radical prostatectomy and 30–50% of patients post radiotherapy will develop biochemical recurrence (BCR) [1-3]. The definition of BCR depends on if the patient...
Is women's human capital valued more by markets than by planners?
Creators: name: Munich, Daniel
name: Svejnar, Jan
name: Terrell, Katherine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Wages--Women
Human capital
Wages--Effect of education on
Economics
Business

description: Using micro data on women in the Czech Republic, we compare returns to various measures of human capital at three points in time, namely, the end of Communism (1989), in mid-transition (1996), and in late-transition (2002). We find dramatic increases in returns to education from 1989 to 1996 but no change from 1996 to 2002 and no differences in returns to education in state vs. privately-owned firms. We demonstrate that sheepskin or diploma effects exist in both regimes and rise over time; moreover, they are similar across firm ownership types. We find no difference between the returns to education obtained during Communism and the returns to schooling obtained during the transition. Wage–experience profiles do not change over time. The pattern and rates of increase in the returns to education over these three points in time are similar for women and men. In sum, markets pay women and men equally more for their human capital than did the planners; all of the adjustment occurred early in the transition and it was driven by market forces rather than private ownership.
A 130 GeV photon line from dark matter annihilation in the NMSSM
Creators: name: Das, Debottam
name: Ellwanger, Ulrich
name: Mitropoulos, Pantelis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, neutralino dark matter can annihilate into a pair of photons through the exchange of a CP-odd Higgs boson in the s-channel. The CP-odd Higgs boson couples to two photons through a loop of dominantly higgsino-like charginos. We show that the parameter space of the NMSSM can accommodate simultaneously i) neutralino-like dark matter of a mass of about 130 GeV giving rise to a 130 GeV photon line; ii) an annihilation cross section of or larger than 10^{-27}cm^3s^{-1}; iii) a relic density in agreement with WMAP constraints; iv) a direct detection cross section compatible with bounds from XENON100, and v) a Standard Model like Higgs mass of about 125 GeV. However, the CP-odd Higgs mass has to lie accidentally close to 260 GeV.
description: 14 pages, 3 Figures, 1 Table, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Rotating magnetoelectric effect in a ground state of a coupled spin-electron model on a doubly decorated square lattice
Creators: name: Čenčariková, Hana
name: Strečka, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact analytical calculations are performed to study the rotating magnetoelectric effect in a ground state of a coupled spin-electron model on a doubly decorated square lattice with and without presence of an external magnetic field. Novel spatially anisotropic magnetic ground states emergent due to a rotation in an external electric field are found at three physically interesting electron concentrations ranging from a quarter up to a half filling. In absence of the magnetic field existence of spatially anisotropic structures requires a fractional electron concentration, where a significant influence of spatial orientation of an electric field is observed. It turns out that the investigated model exhibits a rotating magnetoelectric effect at all three concentrations with one or two consecutive critical points in presence of magnetic field. At the same time, the rotating electric field has a significant effect on a critical value of an electrostatic potential, which can be enhanced or lowered upon changing the electron hopping and the magnitude of an applied magnetic field. Finally, we have found an intriguing interchange of magnetic order between the horizontal and vertical directions driven by a rotation of the electric field, which is however destabilized upon strengthening of the magnetic field.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
title: Use and dosimetric aspects of advanced protocols for image fusion, for EVAR and TEVAR procedures in the hybrid room.
Creators: name: Varchetta, Celestino
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Prospective
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Stents
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Radiographers
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Hybrid Imaging
subject: Interventional Radiography
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Modern Clarity technologies allow a significant reduction of the radiant dose and associated with advanced acquisition, and reconstruction protocols allow during the complex EVAR and TEVAR procedures to obtain further and significant advantages for...
A Multiparty Commutative Hashing Protocol based on the Discrete Logarithm Problem
Creators: name: Zentai, Daniel
name: Plesa, Mihail
name: Frot, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Let $\mathcal{X}$ and $\mathcal{Y}$ be two sets and suppose that a set of participants $P=\{P_1,P_2,\dots,P_n\}$ would like to calculate the keyed hash value of some message $m\in\mathcal{X}$ known to a single participant in $P$ called the data owner. Also, suppose that each participant $P_i$ knows a secret value $x_i\in\mathcal{X}$. In this paper, we will propose a protocol that enables the participants in this setup to calculate the value $y=H(m,x_1,x_2,\dots ,x_n)$ of a hash function $H:\mathcal{X}^{n+1}\rightarrow\mathcal{Y}$ such that the function $H$ is a one-way function, participants in $P\backslash\{P_i\}$ cannot obtain $x_i$, participants other than the data owner cannot obtain $m$, and the hash value $y=H(m,x_1,x_2,\dots ,x_n)$ remains the same regardless the order of the secret $x_i$ values.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, presented at the 3rd International Conference on Cryptography and Blockchain, published in Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT), ISSN : 2231 - 5403, Volume 13, Number 21, November 2023
Do post-migration perceptions of social mobility matter for Latino immigrant health?
Creators: name: Alcantara, Carmela
name: Chen, Chih-Nan
name: Alegría, Margarita
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Hispanic Americans--Health and hygiene
Immigrants--Health and hygiene
Social mobility
Hispanic Americans
Mental health
Public health

description: Latino immigrants exhibit health declines with increasing duration in the United States, which some attribute to a loss in social status after migration or downward social mobility. Yet, research into the distribution of perceived social mobility and patterned associations to Latino health is sparse, despite extensive research to show that economic and social advancement is a key driver of voluntary migration. We investigated Latino immigrant sub-ethnic group variation in the distribution of perceived social mobility, defined as the difference between respondents' perceived social status of origin had they remained in their country of origin and their current social status in the U.S. We also examined the association between perceived social mobility and past-year major depressive episode (MDE) and self-rated fair/poor physical health, and whether Latino sub-ethnicity moderated these associations. We computed weighted logistic regression analyses using the Latino immigrant subsample (N = 1561) of the National Latino and Asian American Study. Puerto Rican migrants were more likely to perceive downward social mobility relative to Mexican and Cuban immigrants who were more likely to perceive upward social mobility. Perceived downward social mobility was associated with increased odds of fair/poor physical health and MDE. Latino sub-ethnicity was a statistically significant moderator, such that perceived downward social mobility was associated with higher odds of MDE only among Puerto Rican and Other Latino immigrants. In contrast, perceived upward social mobility was not associated with self-rated fair/poor physical health. Our findings suggest that perceived downward social mobility might be an independent correlate of health among Latino immigrants, and might help explain Latino sub-ethnic group differences in mental health status. Future studies on Latino immigrant health should use prospective designs to examine the physiological and psychological costs associated with perceived changes in social status with integration into the U.S. mainland.
title: Patient perceptions of radiographer communication skills in CT examinations
Creators: name: Abrantes, Antonio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Professional Issues
subject: Professional issues
subject: Radiographers
subject: CT
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Outcomes
subject: Patterns of Care
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Not applicable
subject: Case-control study
subject: Multicentre study

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The improvement of results in healthcare through the transmission of information to the patient within a relation of empathy and trust is already a verified hypothesis. Healthcare professionals should base themselves on interpersonal competences...
Disorder- and magnetic field-tuned fermionic superconductor-insulator transition in MoN thin films. Transport and STM studies
Creators: name: Kuzmiak, M.
name: Kopik, M.
name: Kosuth, F.
name: Vano, V.
name: Hanis, J.
name: Samuely, T.
name: Latyshev, V.
name: Onufriienko, O.
name: Komanicky, V.
name: Kacmarcik, J.
name: Zemlicka, M.
name: Gmitra, M.
name: Szabo, P.
name: Samuely, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductor-insulator transition (SIT) driven by disorder and transverse magnetic field has been investigated in ultrathin MoN films by means of transport measurements and scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. Upon decreasing thickness, the homogeneously disordered films show increasing sheet resistance Rs, shift of the superconducting transition Tc to lower temperatures with the 3 nm MoN being the last superconducting film and thinner films already insulating. Fermionic scenario of SIT is evidenced by applicability of the Finkelsteins model, by the fact that Tc and the superconducting gap are coupled with a constant ratio, and by the spatial homogeneity of the superconducting and electronic characteristics. The logarithmic anomaly found in the tunneling spectra of the non-superconducting films is further enhanced in increased magnetic field due to the Zeeman spin effects driving the system deeper into the insulating state and pointing also to fermionic SIT.
description: Manuscript (6 Figures) including Supplemental Materials (7 Figures)
The ionization mechanism of NGC 185: how to fake a Seyfert galaxy?
Creators: name: Martins, Lucimara
name: Lanfranchi, Gustavo
name: Goncalves, Denise R.
name: Magrini, Laura
name: Teodorescu, Ana M.
name: Quireza, Cintia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 185 is a dwarf spheroidal satellite of the Andromeda galaxy. From mid-1990s onwards it was revealed that dwarf spheroidals often display a varied and in some cases complex star formation history. In an optical survey of bright nearby galaxies, NGC 185 was classified as a Seyfert galaxy based on its emission line ratios. However, although the emission lines in this object formally place it in the category of Seyferts, it is probable that this galaxy does not contain a genuine active nucleus. NGC 185 was not detected in radio surveys either in 6 or 20 cm, or X-ray observations, which means that the Seyfert-like line ratios may be produced by stellar processes. In this work, we try to identify the possible ionization mechanisms for this galaxy. We discussed the possibility of the line emissions being produced by planetary nebulae (PNe), using deep spectroscopy observations obtained with GMOS-N, at Gemini. Although the fluxes of the PNe are high enough to explain the integrated spectrum, the line ratios are very far from the values for the Seyfert classification. We then proposed that a mixture of supernova remnants and PNe could be the source of the ionization, and we show that a composition of these two objects do mimic Seyfert-like line ratios. We used chemical evolution models to predict the supernova rates and to support the idea that these supernova remnants should be present in the galaxy.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
'It's all about modifying your expectations...my job right now is to be healthy, not super fit' : women's experiences with physical activity throughout the course of pregnancy
Creators: name: Bennett, Erica
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Physical activity levels adopted during pregnancy can impact future behaviours post-partum, resulting in long term physiological and psychological effects (Hausenblas et al., 2008). The purpose of this study was to qualitatively examine women’s experiences with physical activity throughout the course of pregnancy. Nine previously active expecting women participated in a series of two semi-structured interviews in early second trimester and mid to late third trimester. Data was analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results revealed that physical barriers to activity changed throughout the course of pregnancy. Commonly identified barriers during the first and second trimester included fear of miscarriage, nausea/vomiting, fatigue, and weather, while changes in the body, fear of injury, pain and discomfort, and work demands were prominent in the third trimester. In contrast, the identified environmental barriers to activity such as the influence of experts, information sources regarding physical activity (i.e. books, internet) and weather, remained stable throughout pregnancy. Despite these barriers, participants were motivated to engage in physical activity throughout pregnancy to maintain physical fitness, health of the baby and themselves, and to relieve stress. Physical activity behaviours were supported by the participants’ partners; however, the majority of participants sought out prenatal exercise classes to create a social network with other expecting mothers. The need to examine pregnant women’s experiences with physical activity from a holistic approach beyond the biomedical model is discussed. Findings contribute to the sport, exercise, and health psychology literature focusing on physical activity during pregnancy and could potentially inform subsequent interventions focused on motivation for physical activity during pregnancy. Participants in this study were predominantly white, heterosexual, well-educated, and English speaking; therefore, future studies should examine the experiences of single women, expecting mothers who identify as lesbian, and women who are diverse in terms of income and educational attainment.
Economic Crises and the Integration of Law and Finance: The Impact of Volatility Spikes
Creators: name: Fox, Edward G.
name: Gilson, Ronald J.
name: Fox, Merritt B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Stocks--Prices--Mathematical models
subject: Financial crises--Economic aspects
subject: Finance--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: The 2008 financial crisis raised puzzles important for understanding how the capital market prices common stocks and in turn, for the intersection between law and finance. During the crisis, there was a dramatic five-fold spike, across all industries, in “idio­syncratic risk”—the volatility of individual-firm share prices after adjustment for movements in the market as a whole.

This phenomenon is not limited to the most recent financial crisis. This Article uses an empirical review to show that a dramatic spike in idiosyncratic risk has occurred with every major downturn from the 1920s through the recent financial crisis. It canvasses three possible explanations for this phenomenon. Thereafter, this Article explores the implications of these crisis-induced volatility spikes for certain legal issues that depend analytically on valuation methodology and hence are affected by volatility: using event studies to determine materiality and loss causation in fraud-on-the-market securities litigation, determining materiality in cases involving claims of both insider trading and misstatements or omissions in registered public offerings, and deter­mining the extent of deference given to a corporate board that rejects an acquisition offer at a premium above the pre-offer market price.

This analysis shows that the conventional use of event studies during periods of economic-crisis-induced volatility spikes results in understating the number of occasions when a corporate misstatement can be shown to have had a meaningful impact on a firm’s stock price. Relatedly, the analysis suggests that during crisis times, insiders have substantially more opportunities to profit from trading on the nonpublic information that they possess and issuers conducting offerings have more opportunities to sell securities at an inflated price. Analysis shows that trying to cure this problem by lowering the standard of what is considered statistically significant is as likely to be socially harmful as socially beneficial. These conclusions counsel that the best response to the reduced effectiveness of private litigation as a deterrent to securities law violations during crisis times is to provide additional resources to SEC enforcement. Lastly, with respect to Delaware courts’ recognition of “substantive coercion” as a justification for target-corporation deploy­ment of takeover defenses—arguably a dubious justification in normal times—crisis-induced idiosyncratic-risk spikes provide an unusually plausible claim that target shareholders may indeed make a mistake in tendering into a hostile offer. Analysis of the timing of the spikes in recent cases, however, shows that the claim is tenuous even in these circumstances.
title: Water storage policy for Colorado
title: Hydrology days 2004
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2004
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Grigg, Neil S.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2004

description: 24th annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 10-12, 2004.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: During the first years of the 21st Century, three processes converged to create a water crisis in Colorado: rapid population growth, decline in construction of new water projects, and deep drought. The paper explains these trends and forces, outlines their impacts in the form of water shortages and institutional gridlock, and analyzes policies for new storage projects, management of existing facilities, and new management methods and technologies. The paper reviews past state water policy, recent initiatives, and election results from November 2003. It concludes with observations about needed changes in policy for water storage and management in Colorado's unique natural and institutional settings.
The Runaway White Dwarf LP400–22 Has a Companion
Creators: name: Kilic, Mukremin
name: Brown, Warren R.
name: Allende Prieto, Carlos
name: Swift, B.
name: Kenyon, S. J.
name: Liebert, J.
name: Agüeros, Marcel Andre
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Astrophysics
White dwarf stars
Stars--Motion in line of sight
Low mass stars
Astronomy

description: We report the detection of a radial velocity companion to the extremely low-mass white dwarf (WD) LP400–22. The radial velocity of the WD shows variations with a semiamplitude of 119 km s⁻¹ and a 0.98776 day period, which implies a companion mass of M ≥ 0.37 M ☉. The optical photometry rules out a main-sequence companion. Thus the invisible companion is another WD or a neutron star. Using proper-motion measurements and the radial velocity of the binary system, we find that it has an unusual Galactic orbit. LP400–22 is moving away from the Galactic center with a velocity of 396 ± 43 km s⁻¹, which is very difficult to explain by supernova runaway ejection mechanisms. Dynamical interactions with a massive black hole like that in the Galactic center can in principle explain its peculiar velocity, if the progenitor was a triple star system comprised of a close binary and a distant tertiary companion. Until better proper motions become available, we consider LP400–22 to be most likely a halo star with a very unusual orbit.
Suppressed superconductivity in ultrathin Mo2N films due to pair-breaking at the interface
Creators: name: Kuzmiak, M.
name: Kopcik, M.
name: Kosuth, F.
name: Vano, V.
name: Szabo, P.
name: Latyshev, V.
name: Komanicky, V.
name: Samuely, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A strong disorder characterized by a small product of the Fermi vector kF and the electron mean free l drives superconductors towards insulating state. Such disorder can be introduced by making the films very thin. Here, we present 3-nm Mo2N film with k_F*l ~ 2 with a resistive superconducting transition temperature Tc = 2 K heavily suppressed in comparison with the bulk Tc. Superconducting density of states (DOS) with smeared gap-like peaks and in-gap states, so called Dynes DOS, is observed by the low temperature tunneling spectroscopy despite a sharp resistive transition. By scanning tunneling microscope the spectral maps are obtained and related to the surface topography. The maps show a spatial variation of the superconducting energy gap on the order of 20 % which is not accidental but well correlates with the surface corrugation: protrusions reveal larger gap, smaller spectral smearing and smaller in-gap states. In agreement with our previous measurements on ultrathin MoC films we suggest that the film-substrate interface introducing the local pair-breaking is responsible for the observed effects and generally for the suppression of the superconductivity in these ultrathin films.
description: Manuscript with 3 Figures
title: Intrinsic and extrinsic academic motivation in radiography students
Creators: name: Figueira, Andreia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education and Training
subject: Professional issues
subject: Radiographers
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Education and training
subject: Not applicable
subject: Multicentre study

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The main purpose of the present research was to investigate academic intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and amotivation as a function of age and gender in radiography students across the...
Kaon-nucleon scattering lengths from kaonic deuterium experiments revisited
Creators: name: Döring, M.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the impact of the recent measurement of kaonic hydrogen X rays by the SIDDHARTA collaboration on the allowed ranges for the kaon-deuteron scattering length in the framework of non-relativistic effective field theory. Based on data from KN scattering only, we predict the kaon-deuteron scattering length A_Kd= (-1.46 + i 1.08) fm, with an estimated uncertainty of about 25% in both the real and the imaginary part.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Daytime Sleepiness and Sleep Inadequacy as Risk Factors for Dementia
Creators: name: Tsapanou, Angeliki
name: Manly, Jennifer J.
name: Gu, Yian
name: Schupf, Nicole
name: Tang, Mingxin
name: Zimmerman, Molly
name: Scarmeas, Nikolaos
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Older people
Sleep deprivation
Dementia
Aging

description: Background/Aims: To examine the association between self-reported sleep problems and incidence of dementia in community-dwelling elderly people. Methods: 1,041 nondemented participants over 65 years old were examined longitudinally. Sleep problems were estimated using the RAND Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale examining sleep disturbance, snoring, sleep short of breath or with a headache, sleep adequacy, and sleep somnolence. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the association between sleep problems and risk for incident dementia. Age, gender, education, ethnicity, APOE-ε4, stroke, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, and depression were included as covariates. Results: Over 3 years of follow-up, 966 (92.8%) participants remained nondemented, while 78 (7.2%) developed dementia. In unadjusted models, sleep inadequacy (‘Get the amount of sleep you need') at the initial visit was associated with increased risk of incident dementia (HR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.02-1.42; p = 0.027). Adjusting for all the covariates, increased risk of incident dementia was still associated with sleep inadequacy (HR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.01-1.42; p = 0.040), as well as with increased daytime sleepiness (‘Have trouble staying awake during the day') (HR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.00-1.54; p = 0.047). Conclusion: Our results suggest that sleep inadequacy and increased daytime sleepiness are risk factors for dementia in older adults, independent of demographic and clinical factors.
Spinal Muscle Atrophy Disease Modelling as Bayesian Network
Creators: name: Helal, Mohammed Ezzat
name: Helal, Manal Ezzat
name: Fahmy, Sherif Fadel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4

description: We investigate the molecular gene expressions studies and public databases for disease modelling using Probabilistic Graphical Models and Bayesian Inference. A case study on Spinal Muscle Atrophy Genome-Wide Association Study results is modelled and analyzed. The genes up and down-regulated in two stages of the disease development are linked to prior knowledge published in the public domain and co-expressions network is created and analyzed. The Molecular Pathways triggered by these genes are identified. The Bayesian inference posteriors distributions are estimated using a variational analytical algorithm and a Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling algorithm. Assumptions, limitations and possible future work are concluded.
title: Evaluation of fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in lumbosacral plexus branches in healthy subjects using 3T MRI
Creators: name: Mazur, Samuel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Retrospective
subject: Trauma
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Neuroradiology peripheral nerve
subject: Neuro
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To establish FA and ADC values of nerves of the lumbosacral plexus. Motivation A diagnosis of PN (peripheral nerve) injury is still often made solely based on clinical assessment and electrophysiologic studies, each with their marked shortcomings....
title: Water security under climate change - abstract
title: Hydrology days 2013
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2013
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Singh, Vijay P.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Hydrology -- Congresses
subject: Award winners

description: 2013 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 25 - March 27, 2013.
description: Abstract of award lecture "Water security under climate change" given on March 26, 2013 by Vijay P. Singh, winner of the 2013 Hydrology Days Award.
Enhanced Abundances in Spiral Galaxies of the Pegasus I Cluster
Creators: name: Robertson, Paul
name: Shields, Gregory A.
name: Blanc, Guillermo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of cluster environment on the chemical evolution of spiral galaxies in the Pegasus I cluster. We determine the gas-phase heavy element abundances of six galaxies in Pegasus derived from H II region spectra obtained from integral-field spectroscopy. These abundances are analyzed in the context of Virgo, whose spirals are known to show increasing interstellar metallicity as a function of H I deficiency. The galaxies in the Pegasus cluster, despite its lower density and velocity dispersion, also display gas loss due to ISM-ICM interaction, albeit to a lesser degree. Based on the abundances of 3 H I deficient spirals and 2 H I normal spirals, we observe a heavy element abundance offset of +0.13\pm0.07 dex for the H I deficient galaxies. This abundance differential is consistent with the differential observed in Virgo for galaxies with a similar H I deficiency, and we observe a correlation between log(O/H) and the H I deficiency parameter DEF for the two clusters analyzed together. Our results suggest that similar environmental mechanisms are driving the heavy element enhancement in both clusters.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables. Submitted to ApJ