cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical representation of information for construction methods selection
Creators: name: Udaipurwala, Asad H
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Selection of appropriate construction methods is key to a successful project. However, the multitude of available methods alternatives, and the variety of resources available to execute these methods, make the task of selecting an appropriate method very cumbersome. This is aggravated by the constant introduction of new technologies and the increasingly complex nature of modern facilities. With computing capabilities now becoming widely available, it would be advantageous to automate, at least in part, the task of storing information about conventional as well as new construction methods, and reasoning about their applicability to a particular project. To achieve this goal we need to develop a vocabulary for referring to construction methods and the constructed product, which is rich enough to represent the wide spectrum of available construction methods and projects, at the same time being simple enough for easy manipulation by a computer. In this thesis, we develop a standard vocabulary for referring to construction methods for use in a computerized environment to enable the user to store information on construction methods, reason about their feasibility for use on a particular project and develop a preliminary project schedule for the methods selected. The major focus is on understanding how construction professionals decide on the use of certain methods in particular project situations, and how this can be incorporated in the design of the methods selection system. This system design is discussed in detail, and parts of the system implemented to date are presented using an example for underground utility construction.
Implementation of a cathode directed streamer model in Air under different voltage stresses
Creators: name: Boakye-Mensah, F
name: Bonifaci, N
name: Hanna, R
name: Niyonzima, I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To find a viable alternative to SF6 with growing climate change regulations, proper evaluation of alternatives such as compressed air ought to be done. For medium voltage applications, the withstand voltage is used as the dimensioning criteria and this is dependent on the initiation and propagation of streamers which are precursors to electrical breakdown. For design optimization, a thorough understanding of the initiation and propagation mechanisms of such electrical discharges under different stresses, pressure etc. ought to be studied experimentally and numerically also via a predictive model. Most of the numerical studies have so far been done via homemade codes as streamer models are not readily available in commercial software because of the complexity and non-linearity of such computations. Recently, with the increased robustness of the plasma module of the commercial finite element software, COMSOL(tm) Multiphysics, streamer discharge models can be developed with reasonable accuracy. In this paper, an implementation and validation approach is presented for streamer evolution in air for different voltage stresses. Results of simulations for short gaps ($\le$ 5 mm) under Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) conditions have been presented, analyzed and compared with some classical papers to evaluate the suitability of such a model for further studies of non-thermal electrical discharges. Index Terms-medium voltage, streamer discharges, eco-friendly gas, numerical models.
title: Αρχιτεκτονική του διαστημικού αγώνα: Η επίδραση της κατάκτησης του διαστήματος στην αρχιτεκτονική στην ανατολική Ευρώπη 1955-1991
title: SPACE RACE ARCHITECTURE: The Impact of Space Race in Architecture in Eastern Europe 1955-1991
Creators: name: Μαργιωρη Λαϊς-Ιωαννα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας ερευνητικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη μιας ξεχωριστής ομάδας κτιρίων σοσιαλιστικού μοντερνισμού στην Σοβιετική Ένωση,στις χώρες του Συμφώνου της Βαρσοβίας και στην Γιουγκοσλαβία. Αυτά τα κτίρια εμπνεύστηκαν, άμεσα και έμμεσα, από τον διαστημικό αγώνα (αγώνας για την κατάκτηση του διαστήματος ενάντια της υπερδύναμης των ΗΠΑ) στα τέλη της δεκαετίας του '50 έως τις αρχές της δεκαετίας του '90. Έτσι γίνεται μια τυπολογική κατηγοριοποίηση των κτιρίων και μνημείων με βάση τον συμβολισμό και την ογκοπλασία τους.
Active Noise Control Over Spatial Regions
Creators: name: Zhang, Jihui (Aimee)
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: This thesis investigates active noise control over a large spatial region using efficient control systems. Active noise control (ANC) utilises secondary sound sources to cancel primary noise based on the principle of destructive interference, and has the advantage of high flexibility and easy adaptability. ANC over a large spatial region (spatial ANC), which requires multiple sensors and multiple secondary sources in the system, creates a large-sized quiet zone for multiple listeners in three-dimensional spaces. The existing multichannel approaches are not very efficient in spatial ANC, as the noise cancellation is optimized only around the error sensors. This thesis provides new adaptive solutions for spatial ANC in general noise fields and optimal methods for spatial ANC in sparse noise fields. In terms of adaptive solutions for spatial ANC in a general noise field, our approach is to utilize the wave-domain signal processing technique. Several outcomes resulting from this approach are (1) the design of the feedback wave-domain ANC system, and derivation of the filtered-x least mean square wave-domain approaches; (2) systematical formulation of the wave-domain ANC into different minimization problems and different updating variables, and derivation of four normalized wave-domain approaches. We show that, compared to the conventional multichannel approaches, the proposed wave-domain ANC approaches can achieve significant noise reduction over the entire spatial region with faster convergence speed. In terms of the optimal methods for spatial ANC in a sparse noise field, our approach is to incorporate the l1-norm constraint from compressive sensing into the spatial ANC. Several outcomes resulting from this approach are (1) derivation of the l1-constrained multichannel approaches; (2) derivation of the l1-constrained wave-domain approach. We show that, compared to the conventional multichannel approaches, the proposed l1-norm constrained approaches can reduce the number of active secondary sources with faster convergence speed. In addition, this thesis investigates the best possible spatial ANC performance for a given system, by analyzing the signal space spanned by the secondary sources within a given acoustic environment. The proposed subspace method can obtain best possible ANC performance and is demonstrated to be a feasible solution, especially when the secondary sources are not sufficient to cover all orthogonal spatial modes according to the spherical harmonic theory.
Letter from Colin C. MacRae to Robert S. Dormer, January 6, 1909
Creators: name: MacRae, Colin C.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Robert S. Dormer from Colin C. MacRae, manager of the Royal Bank of Canada in Vernon, B.C., dated January 6, 1909, regarding a request made by Dormer.
Private Packet Filtering Searching for Sensitive Indicators without Revealing the Indicators in Collaborative Environments
Creators: name: Oehler, Michael John
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: cyber defense
oblivious transfer
packet filtering
private packet filtering
private search
private stream searching

description: Private Packet Filtering (PPF) is a new capability that preserves the confidentiality of sensitive attack indicators, and retrieves network packets that match those indicators without revealing specific indicators or the matching packets. The capability is achieved through the introduction of a high-level language, a conjunction operator that expands the breadth of the language, a simulation of the document detection and recovery rates of the output buffer, and through a description of applicable system facets. Fundamentally, PPF adapts the private stream search system defined by Ostrovsky and Skeith which uses the (partial) homomorphic property of the Paillier cryptosystem. PPF is intended for use in a collaborative environment involving a cyber defender and a partner: The defender has access to a set of sensitive indicators, and is willing to share some of those indicators with the partner. The partner has access to network data, and is willing to share that data. Neither is willing to provide full access. Using the language, the defender creates an encrypted form of the sensitive indicators, and passes the encrypted indicators to the partner. The partner then uses the encrypted indicators to filter packets, and returns an encrypted packet capture file. The partner does not decrypt the indicators and cannot identify which packets matched. The defender decrypts, reassembles the matching packets, gains situational awareness, and notifies the partner of any packets that matched an attack indicator. In this sense, the defender reveals only the matched indicator and retains control of all other indicators. PPF allows both parties to gain situational awareness of malicious activity, and to retain control without exposing every indicator or all network data.  Ostrovsky and Skeith introduced the notion of private stream searching in 2005. Their private search system is clever, uses a list of encrypted ones and zeroes to select matching documents, and an output buffer to accumulate non-matching documents as a summation of plaintext zeroes. This buffer optimizes the communication cost of the search and assures that non-matching documents are not transmitted back to client performing the performing search.  Using our PPF language, a cyber defender gains access to the underlying private stream search system without significant knowledge of the system or the complexity of its cryptographic methods. The language thus provides a standard representation of a private query for packet filtering that resolves data organization issues and encourages the development of inter-operable implementations. A high level language for private stream searching has not been previously presented.
Van Der Waals Revisited
Creators: name: Baerwinkel, K.
name: Schnack, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The van-der-Waals version of the second virial coefficient is not far from being exact if the model parameters are appropriately chosen. It is shown how the van-der-Waals resemblance originates from the interplay of thermal averaging and superposition of scattering phase shift contributions. The derivation of the two parameters from the quantum virial coefficient reveals a fermion-boson symmetry in non-ideal quantum gases. Numerical details are worked out for the Helium quantum gases.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, accepted for publication in Physica A
Dual Semantic Fusion Network for Video Object Detection
Creators: name: Lin, Lijian
name: Chen, Haosheng
name: Zhang, Honglun
name: Liang, Jun
name: Li, Yu
name: Shan, Ying
name: Wang, Hanzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video object detection is a tough task due to the deteriorated quality of video sequences captured under complex environments. Currently, this area is dominated by a series of feature enhancement based methods, which distill beneficial semantic information from multiple frames and generate enhanced features through fusing the distilled information. However, the distillation and fusion operations are usually performed at either frame level or instance level with external guidance using additional information, such as optical flow and feature memory. In this work, we propose a dual semantic fusion network (abbreviated as DSFNet) to fully exploit both frame-level and instance-level semantics in a unified fusion framework without external guidance. Moreover, we introduce a geometric similarity measure into the fusion process to alleviate the influence of information distortion caused by noise. As a result, the proposed DSFNet can generate more robust features through the multi-granularity fusion and avoid being affected by the instability of external guidance. To evaluate the proposed DSFNet, we conduct extensive experiments on the ImageNet VID dataset. Notably, the proposed dual semantic fusion network achieves, to the best of our knowledge, the best performance of 84.1\% mAP among the current state-of-the-art video object detectors with ResNet-101 and 85.4\% mAP with ResNeXt-101 without using any post-processing steps.
description: 9 pages,6 figures
Development of Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy Techniques Applied to Damaged Polyimide Film
Creators: name: Hughes, Jacob
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: Studying and understanding the internal structure of materials is important to development of device quality materials with well-defined electrical and mechanical properties. More and more, modern materials for highly optimised applications are manufactured material composites, or processed in some way. To understand macroscopic properties exhibited by these materials often atomic or nano scale changes need to be characterised and understood, as they can be the drivers for these effects. Positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) is an established analytical technique used to investigate the internal structure of materials, as the different techniques are non-destructive and sensitive at the molecular (sub-nanometre) level. Developing high quality positron spectroscopy experiments can aid in the understanding of the evolution of materials over time in damaging environments, or precisely monitor material behaviour during fabrication and processing. The information obtained from PAS can identify the underlying causes of desirable macroscopic material properties and inform the design and manufacture of these materials for better performance. At the Australian National University, the positron research group has developed positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) which relates the time taken for an implanted positron to annihilate inside a material to defect size and concentration. This thesis outlines the implementation of a complementary PAS technique added to the positron materials beamline, Doppler broadening of annihilation radiation (DBAR), which provides additional information on the chemical environment at positron annihilation sites. The successful implementation of the DBAR experiment was used to characterise ion implanted and plasma exposed Kapton polyimide, in conjunction with existing positron techniques. The damage study explored the effects of damage similar to environmental exposure in long term space missions, where Kapton components from satellites or spacecraft interact with trapped ion plasmas inside the Earth's magnetic field, planetary atmospheres, and the solar wind.
From particular to pattern : visualising space in scientific texts and textiles
Creators: name: Munro, Alison
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Visual texture recognition
subject: Visualization.
subject: Spatialism (Art)
subject: Geometry

description: The focus of my PhD research is to examine a number of scientific visualisations of the natural world in order to consider and locate the specific spatial qualities of textile based visual practices. From a practice-led investigation using textile and drawing media, the research broadens the understanding of the spatiality of textile practice by demonstrating shared concerns with areas of science in which nature is described in the language of geometry. The research engages with the ideas of Euclidean and non-Euclidean geometry through textile materials and processes. From this I have developed a body of practice-led research which highlights the role of textile epistemologies in understanding a number of key spatial concepts in science. The research locates the complex and specific nature of spatial relationships within textile practice as well as the field's contemporary relevance as an area of interdisciplinary academic enquiry.
Essays on trust, risk preferences and institutional changes in Vietnam
Creators: name: Dang, Duc Anh
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Veterans Vietnam
subject: Trust Social aspects
subject: Risk management.
subject: Investments Vietnam
subject: Economic development Vietnam

description: This thesis consists of four empirical chapters contributing to an explanation of the sources of social trust, risk preferences and institutional changes in Vietnam. The results from Chapter 2 show that the Vietnam's war veterans has had long-term effects on economic development through their impact on overall provincial economic governance and other disaggregated economic institutions, such as the pro-activeness of provincial leadership and the quality of the legal institutions and services supporting business development. In Chapter 3, the variations in economic institutions across the provinces in Vietnam are shown to be associated with rising foreign direct investment (FDI) through trade liberalisation agreements. Increasing foreign investment helps to promote the quality of local governance across provinces and has greater short-term impacts on institutional quality in the northern provinces. Chapter 4 demonstrates that the physical environment has a profound impact on establishing social trust in rural Vietnam. Here, it is shown that individuals who are seriously threatened by negative climate fluctuation exhibit more trust in their neighbours and other people in close groups. The evidence indicates that the effects of natural weather variation on social trust are transmitted by strengthening cooperation among village peasants in coping with risk and uncertainty. However, these increased village relationships do not erode family ties. The results from Chapter 5 indicate that the natural environment can affect individual risk preferences. Households highly affected by weather volatility show long-term risk aversion and are more willing to buy insurance to protect against crop losses. This chapter also supports the hypothesis that when people are accustomed to living in a risky environment, an incremental increase in risk affects their risk preferences less.
Continuous Adjoint Complement to the Blasius Equation
Creators: name: Kühl, Niklas
name: Müller, Peter M.
name: Rung, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The manuscript is concerned with a continuous adjoint complement to two-dimensional, incompressible, first-order boundary-layer equations for a flat plate boundary-layer. The text is structured into three parts. The first part demonstrates, that the adjoint complement can be derived in two ways, either following a first simplify then derive or a first derive and then simplify strategy. The simplification step comprises the classical boundary-layer (b.-l.) approximation and the derivation step transfers the primal flow equation into a companion adjoint equation. The second part of the paper comprises the analyses of the coupled primal/adjoint b.-l. framework. This leads to similarity parameters, which turn the Partial-Differential-Equation (PDE) problem into a boundary value problem described by a set of Ordinary-Differential-Equations (ODE) and support the formulation of an adjoint complement to the classical Blasius equation. Opposite to the primal Blasius equation, its adjoint complement consists of two ODEs which can be simplified depending on the treatment of advection. It is shown, that the advective fluxes, which are frequently debated in the literature, vanish for the investigated self-similar b.l. flows. Differences between the primal and the adjoint Blasius framework are discussed against numerical solutions, and analytical expressions are derived for the adjoint b.-l. thickness, wall shear stress and subordinated skin friction and drag coefficients. The analysis also provides an analytical expression for the shape sensitivity to shear driven drag objectives. The third part assesses the predictive agreement between the different Blasius solutions and numerical results for Navier-Stokes simulations of a flat plate b.-l. at Reynolds numbers between 1E+03 <= ReL <= 1E+05 .
High-purity microwave generation using a dual-frequency hybrid integrated semiconductor-dielectric waveguide laser
Creators: name: Mak, Jesse
name: van Rees, Albert
name: Lammerink, Rob E. M.
name: Geskus, Dimitri
name: Fan, Youwen
name: van der Slot, Peter J. M.
name: Roeloffzen, Chris G. H.
name: Boller, Klaus-J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an integrated semiconductor-dielectric hybrid dual-frequency laser operating in the 1.5 $μ$m wavelength range for microwave and terahertz (THz) generation. Generating a microwave beat frequency near 11 GHz, we observe a record-narrow intrinsic linewidth as low as about 2 kHz. This is realized by hybrid integration of a single diode amplifier based on indium phosphide (InP) with a long, low-loss silicon nitride (Si$_3$N$_4$) feedback circuit to extend the cavity photon lifetime, resulting in a cavity optical roundtrip length of about 30 cm on a chip. Simultaneous lasing at two frequencies is enabled by introducing an external control parameter for balancing the feedback from two tunable, frequency-selective Vernier mirrors on the Si$_3$N$_4$ chip. Each frequency can be tuned with a wavelength coverage of about 80 nm, potentially allowing for the generation of a broad range of frequencies in the microwave range up to the THz range.
'A new discovery of an old intrigue' : a re-evaluation of daniel defoe's library catalogue, with a case study of its iberian content
Creators: name: Gehling, Angela
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: This thesis presents a comprehensive re-examination of Daniel Defoe's library catalogue, a problematic resource which has been consistently neglected and maligned throughout the history of Defoe studies. Surveying both the catalogue's broad critical history and its treatment in specialist scholarship, it locates two major problems in the current body of knowledge. Firstly, Defoe scholarship's concentration on dividing the inventory between Defoe and Phillips Farewell (whose libraries were combined in the sale) ignores the full extent of its attribution problems, since many of the listed items were added to the sale by bookseller Olive Payne. Secondly, the field lacks a complete biographical and business profile of Payne, which is necessary for both the location of salted items and for tracing his connections to the Defoes. Solutions to both problems are offered here, as Payne's contribution to the Defoe/Farewell inventory is revealed through his previous sales and his habitual business practices, which are detailed in the first full-length biographical study of this obscure bookseller. New guidelines and recommendations for catalogue usage are formulated on the basis of these findings. The thesis highlights the catalogue's potential in the exploration of neglected sources and contexts for Defoe's work. Credible usage is demonstrated through a two-part study of Defoe's diverse Spanish contexts and their relation to the fictional modes represented in the catalogue. Close reading of his use of picaresque fiction, Italianate amatory novellas and moral allegory reveals both the direct influence of specific sources and a complex manifestation of genre conventions that supports further investigation of the nexus of Spanish literary texts behind Defoe's writing.
Bayesian recommender systems : models and algorithms
Creators: name: Guo, Shengbo
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: QA279.5.G86 2011
subject: Bayesian statistical decision theory
subject: Uncertainty

description: This thesis is about how Bayesian methods can be applied to explicitly model and efficiently reason about uncertainty to make optimal recommendations. We are interested in three dimensions of recommender systems: (1) preference elicitation, (2) set-based recommendations, and (3) matchmaking. The first dimension concerns how one can minimize the elicitation efforts in learning a user's utility function to propose the maximal utility recommendation. The second dimension concerns set-based recommendations, and the problem of how one can optimize the relevance of the recommended set, with respect to uncertainty over the relevance of each item in the set. The third dinlension concerns the problem of matchmaking, which is the process of pairing competitors based on similar latent skill levels, given match outcomes, e.g., score, or win/lose/draw. All three dimensions face an inherent problem of handling uncertainty: user utility uncertainty for preference elicitation, query topic uncertainty for set-based retrieval in the context of document retrieval, and skill uncertainty in match-making. Bayesian approaches prove to be extremely flexible in modeling various problems, and are robust to risk. However, it is not until recently that efficient Bayesian inference techniques have been introduced for complex models. Thus, we utilize recent advances in Bayesian approaches for addressing these three problems. Our contributions in the thesis are twofold. First, we present compact Bayesian graphical models for dimensions (1)-(3). Second, for each dimension, we make use of advanced Bayesian inference techniques to learn and make optimal recommendations.
2D-3D image registration of scanning electron microscope images and micro-CT volumes
Creators: name: Mohideen, Farlin
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: TA1520.M64 2012
subject: Electron microscopy Data processing
subject: Image registration
subject: Three-dimensional imaging
subject: Computer vision\

description: This thesis investigates the employment of feature based methods for 2D-3D image registration. Image registration of 2D images and 3D volumes has many industrial and medical applications. Industrial applications include grain structure analysis, data fusion for fault detection, medical image analysis. In this thesis we are interested in Micro-CT volume and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) image registration. State of the art 2D-3D registration techniques are computationally expensive. For example, registration of a Mega-pixel 2D image to a Giga-voxel 3D volume computation time is in many hundreds of CPU hours utilizing state of the art CPU technology. We address this problem by introducing a point feature based registration framework for 2D-3D registration. Specifically, we present novel techniques for repeatable key-point detection for 2D images and 3D volumes, a novel way of descriptor formation for matching 2D key-points and 3D key-points and model estimation for registration up to an affinity under low feature matching accuracy. We further develop techniques for model estimation. We present an affine registration estimation based on an algorithm, which re{u00AD} quires three true positive matches of feature points and extend this to estimate the model based on only a single true positive match, which we call the one{u00AD} point algorithm. We present an algorithm based on Branch-and-Bound for rigid model estimation with proof that convergence is guaranteed. We experimentally validate the performance of this algorithm and show its theoretical superiority compared to RANSAC. In addition, handling image scale is also addressed by resolving the ambiguity of 2D image scale and 3D image scale. We show that 2D scale and 3D scale do not represent similar image and volume neighborhoods. We compare our technique with state of the art global registration techniques, such as correlation based registration and mutual information based registration and indicate the superior performance of our method. Furthermore, we introduce a novel feature descriptor based on image curvature founded on mathematically sound principles for improving feature matching accuracy. We indicate that the 2D-3D registration accuracy improves under this novel feature descriptor. Other practical applications, such as homography estimation and pose estimation, are also investigated. Furthermore, we extend the Branch-and-Bound based algo rithm with guaranteed convergence for vanishing point estimation and essential matrix estimation, for which empirical results are provided.
Solitons in the Higgs phase -- the moduli matrix approach --
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Isozumi, Youichi
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Ohashi, Keisuke
name: Sakai, Norisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We review our recent work on solitons in the Higgs phase. We use U(N_C) gauge theory with N_F Higgs scalar fields in the fundamental representation, which can be extended to possess eight supercharges. We propose the moduli matrix as a fundamental tool to exhaust all BPS solutions, and to characterize all possible moduli parameters. Moduli spaces of domain walls (kinks) and vortices, which are the only elementary solitons in the Higgs phase, are found in terms of the moduli matrix. Stable monopoles and instantons can exist in the Higgs phase if they are attached by vortices to form composite solitons. The moduli spaces of these composite solitons are also worked out in terms of the moduli matrix. Webs of walls can also be formed with characteristic difference between Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories. We characterize the total moduli space of these elementary as well as composite solitons. Effective Lagrangians are constructed on walls and vortices in a compact form. We also present several new results on interactions of various solitons, such as monopoles, vortices, and walls. Review parts contain our works on domain walls (hep-th/0404198, hep-th/0405194, hep-th/0412024, hep-th/0503033, hep-th/0505136), vortices (hep-th/0511088, hep-th/0601181), domain wall webs (hep-th/0506135, hep-th/0508241, hep-th/0509127), monopole-vortex-wall systems (hep-th/0405129, hep-th/0501207), instanton-vortex systems (hep-th/0412048), effective Lagrangian on walls and vortices (hep-th/0602289), classification of BPS equations (hep-th/0506257), and Skyrmions (hep-th/0508130).
description: 89 pages, 33 figures, invited review article to Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General, v3: typos corrected, references added, the published version
A staggered pressure correction numerical scheme to compute a travelling reactive interface in a partially premixed mixture
Creators: name: Grapsas, D
name: Herbin, Raphaèle
name: Latché, J. -C
name: Nasseri, Y
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We address in this paper a model for the simulation of turbulent deflagrations in industrial applications. The flow is governed by the Euler equations for a variable composition mixture and the combustion modelling is based on a phenomenological approach: the flame propagation is represented by the transport of the characteristic function of the burnt zone, where the chemical reaction is complete; outside this zone, the atmosphere remains in its fresh state. Numerically, we approximate this problem by a penalization-like approach, i.e. using a finite conversion rate with a characteristic time tending to zero with the space and time steps. The numerical scheme works on staggered, possibly unstructured, meshes. The time-marching algorithm is of segregated type, and consists in solving in a first step the chemical species mass balances and then, in a second step, mass, momentum and energy balances. For this latter stage of the algorithm, we use a pressure correction technique, and solve a balance equation for the so-called sensible enthalpy instead of the total energy balance, with corrective terms for consistency. The scheme is shown to satisfy the same stability properties as the continuous problem: the chemical species mass fractions are kept in the [0, 1] interval, the density and the sensible internal energy stay positive and the integral over the computational domain of a discrete total energy is conserved. In addition, we show that the scheme is in fact conservative, i.e. that its solution satisfy a conservative discrete total energy balance equation, with space and time discretizations which are unusual but consistent in the Lax-Wendroff sense. Finally, we observe numerically that the penalization procedure converges, i.e. that making the chemical time scale tend to zero allows to converge to the solution of the target (infinitely fast chemistry) continuous problem. Tests also evidence that the scheme accuracy dramatically depends on the discretization of the convection operator in the chemical species mass balances. October 14, 2020.
Problems related to a de Bruijn - Erdős theorem
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaomin
name: Chvátal, Vašek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05D05 (Primary), 51F99 (Secondary)

description: De Bruijn and Erdős proved that every noncollinear set of n points in the plane determines at least n distinct lines. We suggest a possible generalization of this theorem in the framework of metric spaces and provide partial results on related extremal combinatorial problems.
description: 11 pages. See also http://www.cs.concordia.ca/~chvatal/dbe.pdf
Letter from A. P. McKenzie to "Sir" [James Goldie], January 18, 1909
Creators: name: McKenzie, A.P.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to "Sir" [James Goldie] from A. P. McKenzie, dated January 18, 1909, regarding a motion passed at the meeting of the Okanagan Farmers Institute.
Metastability of hadronic compact stars
Creators: name: Bombaci, I.
name: Panda, P. K.
name: Providencia, C.
name: Vidana, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pure hadronic compact stars, above a threshold value of their gravitational mass (central pressure), are metastable to the conversion to quark stars (hybrid or strange stars). In this paper, we present a systematic study of the metastability of pure hadronic compact stars using different relativistic models for the equation of state (EoS). In particular, we compare results for the quark-meson coupling (QMC) model with those for the Glendenning--Moszkowski parametrization of the non-linear Walecka model (NLWM). For QMC model, we find large values ($M_{cr} = 1.6$ -- $1.9 M_\odot$) for the critical mass of the hadronic star sequence and we find that the formation of a quark star is only possible with a soft quark matter EoS. For the Glendenning--Moszkowski parametrization of the NLWM, we explore the effect of different hyperon couplings on the critical mass and on the stellar conversion energy. We find that increasing the value of the hyperon coupling constants shifts the bulk transition point for quark deconfinement to higher densities, increases the stellar metastability threshold mass and the value of the critical mass, and thus makes the formation of quark stars less likely. For the largest values of the hyperon couplings we find a critical mass which may be as high as 1.9 - 2.1 $M_\odot$. These stellar configurations, which contain a large central hyperon fraction ($f_{Y,cr} \sim 30 %$), would be able to describe highly-massive compact stars, such as the one associated to the millisecond pulsars PSR B1516+02B with a mass $M = 1.94^{+ 0.17}_{- 0.19} M_{\odot}$.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, 3 Tables. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Third-order many-body perturbation theory calculations for the beryllium and magnesium isoelectronic sequences
Creators: name: Ho, H. C.
name: Johnson, W. R.
name: Blundell, S. A.
name: Safronova, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic third-order MBPT is applied to obtain energies of ions with two valence electrons in the no virtual-pair approximation (NVPA). A total of 302 third-order Goldstone diagrams are organized into 12 one-body and 23 two-body terms. Only third-order two-body terms and diagrams are presented here, owing to the fact that the one-body terms are identical to the previously studied third-order terms in monovalent ions. Dominant classes of diagrams are identified. The model potential is a Dirac-Hartree-Fock $V^{N-2}$ potential, and B-spline basis functions in a cavity of finite radius are employed in the numerical calculations. The Breit interaction is taken into account through second order of perturbation theory and the lowest-order Lamb shift is also evaluated. Sample calculations are performed for berylliumlike ions with Z = 4--7, and for the magnesiumlike ion P IV. The third-order energies are in excellent agreement with measurement with an accuracy at 0.2% level for the cases considered. Comparisons are made with previous second-order MBPT results and with other calculations. The third-order energy correction is shown to be significant, improving second-order correlation energies by an order of magnitude.
Average skew information-based coherence and its typicality for random quantum states
Creators: name: Wu, Zhaoqi
name: Zhang, Lin
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Li-Jost, Xianqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the average skew information-based coherence for both random pure and mixed states. The explicit formulae of the average skew information-based coherence are derived and shown to be the functions of the dimension N of the state space. We demonstrate that as N approaches to infinity, the average coherence is 1 for random pure states, and a positive constant less than 1/2 for random mixed states. We also explore the typicality of average skew information-based coherence of random quantum states. Furthermore, we identify a coherent subspace such that the amount of the skew information-based coherence for each pure state in this subspace can be bounded from below almost always by a fixed number that is arbitrarily close to the typical value of coherence.
description: 24pages
Indirect Pulsed Electrochemical Detection Following High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Creators: name: Keating, Loryn Rachel
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: anion-exchange chromatography
carboxylic acids
HPLC
indirect detection
pulsed electrochemical detection
reversed-phase chromatography
Chemistry, Analytical (0486)

description: Many polar aliphatic compounds possess a weak chromophore and/or fluorophore, thereby necessitating chemical derivatization for their sensitive and selective detection using ultraviolet-visible or fluorescence spectrophotometry.  These same compounds can be detected without prior chemical modification using pulsed electrochemical detection (PED).   The detection of carbohydrates or carbohydrate-based compounds using PED has been shown to be sensitive and reproducible, and involves the weak adsorption of the molecule to the working gold electrode prior to its oxidation.  Analytes that more strongly adsorb to the electrode surface can block the detection of carbohydrate-based molecules.  This mode of action can be exploited to perform detection of analytes that possess little or no electroactivity, and this approach has been designated as indirect pulsed electrochemical detection (InPED).  A single type of detection waveform can be used to analyze compounds containing different functional groups when performing InPED following liquid chromatography because the detection signal is provided by the background reagent contained in the mobile phase. An additional advantage offered by InPED is that the detection signal can be modified easily by changing the identity or concentration of the mobile phase additive.    InPED following high performance anion-exchange chromatography (HPAEC) or reversed-phase chromatography (RPLC) has been used to detect biologically important carboxylic acids. Detection limits ranging from 1-40 µM were obtained when performing HPAEC-InPED using a mobile phase composed of 0.1 M NaOH plus approximately 25 ppm sorbitol.  RPLC-InPED conducted using a mobile phase containing acetonitrile in acetate buffer with post-column addition of approximately 0.1 M NaOH plus 25 ppm glucosamine provided detection limits ranging from 0.8-1 µM.  The utility of both analytical methods was demonstrated with the assays of several over-the-counter health supplement formulations.
Cancer from a spatial perspective : locating the unspeakable, healing, and hope
Creators: name: Yau, Vicky
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Perspective (Philosophy)
subject: Cancer in literature
subject: Cancer Patients
subject: Narrative medicine

description: Illness narratives in all their variety have become a central focus of the cultural study of health and disease. These stories inform other patients of what it is like to be living with a certain illness, or about treatment options, or about the possibilities of transcendence. They represent efforts on the part of the narrator to make sense of their suffering from the illness and they thereby promote empathic understanding of the illness experience. However, narratives in general rely on a temporal structure in which each event is located in a linear sequence, and this can limit the way illness is represented, especially in relation to a disease like cancer. The story of cancer is often flattened into some kind of personal history or reduced to a strive-to-survive story. This thesis challenges the dominant linear approach to telling cancer stories and argues that a spatialised account is needed to articulate the wider, multi-dimensional cancer experience. Drawing on a range of written and filmic texts, the thesis is an attempt to free cancer from the temporal plot. Even though this is a cultural study of cancer, it is not concerned with the sociocultural/historical reconstruction of the illness. It is not about the voice of patients and the subjective illness experience, either. In fact, it attempts to move away from the very subject of cancer and look at what is outside of this frame. The notion of space offers us an alternative based on its two properties. First, space does not propel its inhabitants to move in any linear direction, but it requires us to explore it in order to know it. Second, space may contain objects and people, and their various relationships formed with one another, which, in turn, give all kinds of meanings to space. The spatial understanding of cancer can thus decentre the scientific reasoning of biomedicine and redefines healing as located within the very experience of illness itself. The spatial perspective, I argue, offers a fuller and more complex vision of the relationship between illness, death and dying that can encompass hope, despair, bad luck and miracle, which are all part of what living with cancer means. A holistic approach is utilised in the thesis, integrating literary, architectural and filmic material. Section One, Stories of Cancer, focuses on what is not being spoken in stories of cancer. It analyses scientific narratives, Dorothea Lynch's memoir Exploding into Light and the films The Bucket List and 2 Become 1. Section Two, The Spatial Story of Cancer, looks at how space tells stories through an analysis of Helen Garner's novel The Spare Room and the network of cancer support centres known as Maggie's Center. Section Three, Hope and Miracles examines the experience of hope among family members and the holistic practice of Chinese medicine.
Berry phase for spins of relativistic electrons
Creators: name: Bialynicki-Birula, Iwo
name: Bialynicka-Birula, Zofia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Berry phase is a very general concept. It is applied here to families of solutions of the Dirac equation with different values of spin. The value of the Berry phase in the spin space is given by the same expression as was found before in the momentum space.
The Little Spark and the General Blaze : Speech, Narrative and Fact in James Boswell's Life of Johnson
Creators: name: McLachlan, Cameron Martin John
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2017

description: The thesis performs an explorative reading of James Boswell's Life of Samuel Johnson (1791) in order to interrogate assumptions about the function, use and epistemological limits of direct speech in Boswell's work, and the Eighteenth Century more generally. Rather than ignoring the problems posed by the competing and contradictory epistemological and ontological claims of the presentation of speech in text, the thesis reads Boswell as engaging with these problems at different scales. Each narrative scale carries with it different assumptions about facts and events, and different conventions with which to represent speech as a combination of both. The thesis aligns the problems of narration at different scales with different forms of narrative intervention and manipulation of the putatively raw materials of Johnson's speech their transition into the text published in the Life. It does this by drawing on archival research investigating the many states of Johnson's speech in Boswell's records, drafts and the final version of the Life. Chapter One investigates Boswell's attitude to the project as a whole, seeing in his ideal of Journal-keeping and personal affinity a vision of biography that draws on the non-narrative conventions of different genres. Chapter Two traces Boswell's engagements with connected events and sustained scenes before investigating his own role as a nodal point constructing extended analogue conversations between Johnson and other figures over many years. In these chapters the print technologies of quotation marks and dashes are read as the mechanism that allows narrative connections at these different scales. Chapter Three investigates the workings of dialogue through Boswell's use of parenthetical stage directions, reading them as a method of massaging his Journals into narratives. Chapter Four turns to Boswell's writerly interventions on the surface of words, seeing in italicisation a blunt tool for marking conceptual and textual as well as aural differences in speech, and considers the stress this places on interpretation. Chapter Five considers Boswell's interpretive interventions within the orthography of words themselves, investigating his attention to the potential of type to convey aberrant or historically particular sounds through the representation of laughter, accents and onomatopoeia. Each level of analysis reveals both the contingency of the whole enterprise and the inescapably preemptive interpretive choices made by Boswell in the course of his composition. Boswell emerges as a writer engaging constantly with the demands and contradictions of what remains an under-theorised yet crucial aspect of non-fiction narrative in a context of changing ideas about truth and narrative.