Echiniscus madonnae Michalczyk & Kaczmarek, 2006, sp. nov
Creators: name: Michalczyk, Łukasz
name: Kaczmarek, Łukasz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tardigrada
Heterotardigrada
Echiniscoidea
Echiniscidae
Echiniscus
Echiniscus madonnae

description: Echiniscus madonnae sp. nov (Figs. 21–42, 74)
Description
Adult female (measurements of the holotype): body length 289.8 (Figs. 21–24). Body red. Red eyes visible in living specimens only. Internal cirrus 16.2 long, external cirrus 26.1 long; internal/external cirrus ratio = 0.62. Cephalic papilla 11.4 long. Apart from head cirri and cirrus A no other appendices present. Cirrus A 61.8 long, ending in a point. Cirrus A/body ratio = 0.21. Clava 7.6 long.
Dorsal (plate) cuticle with pseudopores (hollows) and with true granulation (Figs. 25– 30). Granules (true granulation, on cuticle surface) present between scapular and first paired plates, on stripes in anterior portions of paired plates, in anterior part of second median plate, and between second paired plates and terminal plate (Figs. 35–38). Granules variable in size (0.5–1.5 in diameter). Cuticle appearance in SEM: pseudopores large (1.0 in diameter) and up to 1.0 deep (Figs. 29–30, 32). ‘Sponge layer’ very well developed, small pillars present (Figs. 31–32, 74). Cuticle visible in PCM: Pseudopores visible as bright, unfocusable fields; when focusing down through cuticle cuticular pillars appear as small dark focusable dots (Figs. 25–26). Ventral cuticle with very fine, dense and regular granulation. This granulation is caused by dense cuticular pillars (Figs. 33–34).
Plates well developed. Head and scapular plates not faceted. In LM lateral portions of scapular plate seem to be detached from the dorsal plate and form small shoulder plates (one on each side of the body) divided from the scapular plate by a thin bright stripe. This false division is caused by a bend of the plate where cuticle is thinner; in SEM this division is not visible. Third median plate absent, area between second paired plates and terminal plate covered with granules which merge in anterior portion and form a narrow ridge (Figs. 37–38). Terminal plate faceted. Notches 21.9 long.
Spine on legs I in shape of narrow triangle, 4.3 long. Papilla on legs IV finger­like, 5.7 long (Figs. 39–40). Dentate collar with the same sculpture as dorsal plates but pseudopores are smaller and more shallow, and with 14 sharp, triangular teeth (Figs. 39–40).
Claws of legs IV 17.1 long. External claws of all legs without spurs, internal claws of all legs with a relatively large spur, directed downwards, growing out of claw at ca. 45o (Figs. 41–42). Spur on claws of legs IV 3.8 long; spur/claw ratio = 0.22. Claws of legs I– III slightly shorter.
Remarks
Results of simple statistical analysis of measurements of selected morphological structures for 24 randomly chosen adult specimens are given in Table 2 and for all found juvenile specimens in Table 3. No males, larvae and eggs were found.
The third median plate is never present in juvenile specimens, but area between the second paired plates and terminal plate is covered with granules. In most adults third median plate is also absent, however in larger specimens granules tend to merge (usually in the area close to the second paired plates and/or close to the terminal plate) and form a ridge/two ridges which could be classified as a partially developed third median plate (Figs. 37–38).
Geographic distribution
Known only from the type locality.
Type depositories
Holotype and 9 paratypes are preserved at the Natural Sciences Collection, Faculty of Biology, A. Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61–614 Poznań, Poland; 20 paratypes are preserved in the collection of Ł. Michalczyk.
Etymology
We take great pleasure in dedicating this species to one of the most significant artists of our times, Madonna Louise Veronica Ritchie.
Differential diagnosis
For comparisons with other species of the bigranulatus group see Tables 7–8.
description: Published as part of Michalczyk, Łukasz & Kaczmarek, Łukasz, 2006, Revision of the Echiniscus bigranulatus group with a description of a new species Echiniscus madonnae (Tardigrada: Heterotardigrada: Echiniscidae) from South America, pp. 1-26 in Zootaxa 1154 on pages 8-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.172226