cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Style Similarity as Feedback for Product Design
Creators: name: Schwartz, Mathew
name: Weiss, Tomer
name: Ataer-Cansizoglu, Esra
name: Choi, Jae-Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Matching and recommending products is beneficial for both customers and companies. With the rapid increase in home goods e-commerce, there is an increasing demand for quantitative methods for providing such recommendations for millions of products. This approach is facilitated largely by online stores such as Amazon and Wayfair, in which the goal is to maximize overall sales. Instead of focusing on overall sales, we take a product design perspective, by employing big-data analysis for determining the design qualities of a highly recommended product. Specifically, we focus on the visual style compatibility of such products. We build off previous work which implemented a style-based similarity metric for thousands of furniture products. Using analysis and visualization, we extract attributes of furniture products that are highly compatible style-wise. We propose a designer in-the-loop workflow that mirrors methods of displaying similar products to consumers browsing e-commerce websites. Our findings are useful when designing new products, since they provide insight regarding what furniture will be strongly compatible across multiple styles, and hence, more likely to be recommended.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, interdisciplinary book chapter on using computer vision and style similarity for industrial design
Variations in the I/V Characteristics of Directly Water Cooled and Naturally Cooled PV Modules
Creators: name: Mtunzi, B.
name: Meyer, E.L.
name: Simon, M.
name: Malape, M.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3992-3996
description: Variations in I/V characteristics of PV modules are known to bring about power losses. Temperature
mismatches, cracked cells, module soiling and shading are major causes for the power losses. The main task of this
paper was to get a general view of the mismatch losses under non-standard conditions on two modules, one directly
cooled with water as compared to a naturally cooled module placed outdoor. The two PV modules were found to
display I/V characteristics indicating mismatches early in the morning and late towards the end of the day. The
equipment used to carry out this investigation where a low cost I/V system developed at the institution. Directly water
cooled and naturally cooled SW80 modules were tested under outdoor conditions. The current and voltage
measurements were taken from sunrise to sunset. The measurements were carried out under typical South Africa
meteorological conditions.
GASP XXXIV: Unfolding the thermal side of ram pressure stripping in the jellyfish galaxy JO201
Creators: name: Campitiello, M. G.
name: Ignesti, A.
name: Gitti, M.
name: Brighenti, F.
name: Radovich, M.
name: Wolter, A.
name: Tomicic, N.
name: Bellhouse, C.
name: Poggianti, B. M.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Vulcani, B.
name: Jaffè, Y. L.
name: Paladino, R.
name: Muller, A.
name: Fritz, J.
name: Lourenco, A. C. C.
name: Gullieuszik, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray studies of jellyfish galaxies play a crucial role in understanding the interactions between the interstellar medium (ISM) and the intracluster medium (ICM). In this paper, we focused on the jellyfish galaxy JO201. By combining archival Chandra observations, MUSE H$α$ cubes, and maps of the emission fraction of the diffuse ionised gas, we investigated both its high energy spectral properties and the spatial correlation between its X-ray and optical emissions. The X-ray emission of JO201 is provided by both the Compton thick AGN (L$_{\text{X}}^{0.5-10 \text{keV}}$=2.7$\cdot$10$^{41}$ erg s$^{-1}$, not corrected for intrinsic absorption) and an extended component (L$_{\text{X}}^{0.5-10 \, \text{keV}}\approx$1.9-4.5$\cdot$10$^{41}$ erg s$^{-1}$) produced by a warm plasma (kT$\approx$1 keV), whose luminosity is higher than expected from the observed star formation (L$_{\text{X}}\sim$3.8$\cdot10^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}$). The spectral analysis showed that the X-ray emission is consistent with the thermal cooling of hot plasma. These properties are similar to the ones found in other jellyfish galaxies showing extended X-ray emission. A point-to-point analysis revealed that this X-ray emission closely follows the ISM distribution, whereas CLOUDY simulations proved that the ionisation triggered by this warm plasma would be able to reproduce the [OI]/H$α$ excess observed in JO201. We conclude that the galactic X-ray emitting plasma is originated on the surface of the ISM as a result of the ICM-ISM interplay. This process would entail the cooling and accretion of the ICM onto the galaxy, which could additionally fuel the star formation, and the emergence of [OI]/H$α$ excess in the optical spectrum.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables. Manuscript in press in Apj
Phantom-like behaviour in a brane-world model with curvature effects
Creators: name: Bouhmadi-Lopez, Mariam
name: Moniz, Paulo Vargas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observational evidence seems to allow the possibility that our universe may currently be under a dark energy effect of a phantom nature. A suitable effective phantom fluid behaviour can emerge in brane cosmology; In particular, within the normal non self-accelerating DGP branch, without any exotic matter and due to curvature effects from induced gravity. The phantom-like behaviour is based in defining an effective energy density that grows as the brane expands. This effective description breaks down at some point in the past when the effective energy density becomes negative and the effective equation of state parameter blows up. In this paper we investigate if the phantom-like regime can be enlarged by the inclusion of a Gauss-Bonnet (GB) term into the bulk. The motivation is that such a GB component would model additional curvature effects on the brane setting. More precisely, our aim is to determine if the GB term, dominating and modifying the early behaviour of the brane universe, may eventually extend the regime of validity of the phantom mimicry on the brane. However, we show that the opposite occurs: the GB effect seems instead to induce a breakdown of the phantom-like behaviour at an even smaller redshift.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures. RevTeX 4. Discussion expanded, new appendix and references added. Version to appear in PRD
Selective Emitter Process Implementation on Applied Baccini Softline Printers Using Honeywell Screen Printable Dopant Paste
Creators: name: Kumar, P.
name: Chen, H.
name: Rapolu, K.
name: Wijekoon, K.
name: Na, J.S.
name: Tanner, D.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Parikh, S.
name: Dabeer, V.
name: Ponnekanti, H.
name: Bhanap, A.
name: Ding, Z.
name: Wang, S.
name: Chen, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2044-2048
description: This paper reports the implementation of the selective emitter integration process in manufacturing
lines using screen printable dopant paste. The advantage of using screen printable dopant paste is its ability to
selectively form heavily doped regions without the need for laser patterning, a diffusion mask or etch back process.
The printability of dopant paste is studied using Applied Baccini Softline printers and the dopant line width is
controlled within ± 30 μm of screen openings. The shallow emitter is optimized for junction depth, low saturation
current density and better device performance. The optimized emitter resulted in emitter saturation current density
~60-90 fA/cm2. The metal alignments to dopant finger lines are successfully carried out using Baccini Esatto
technology. Selective emitter solar cells in manufacturing lines show >0.3% improvement in efficiency when
compared to baseline process.
Automated publishing for rapid dissemination: The Darwin Tree of Life project at Wellcome Open Research
Creators: name: Grant, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: genome sequencing
genome notes
research data

description: This talk describes a streamlined approach to rapid publication of the genome sequences of thousands of animals, plants, fungi and micro-organisms that live on and around Britain and Ireland. The project, led by F1000 and the Wellcome Sanger Institute, is developing automated workflows to efficiently deliver metadata directly from the lab to the publishing platform, as well as new approaches to undertake peer review at scale. This innovative publishing workflow is intended to maximise the discoverability of genomic data with potential applications for other disciplines and data types.
Enhanced generation of VUV radiation by four-wave mixing in mercury using pulsed laser vaporization
Creators: name: Chenais, Sebastien
name: Forget, Sebastien
name: Philippet, Laurent
name: Castex, Marie-Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The efficiency of a coherent VUV source at 125 nm, based on 2-photon resonant four-wave mixing in mercury vapor, has been enhanced by up to 2 orders of magnitude. This enhancement was obtained by locally heating a liquid Hg surface with a pulsed excimer laser, resulting in a high density vapor plume in which the nonlinear interaction occurred. Energies up to 5 μJ (1 kW peak power) have been achieved while keeping the overall Hg cell at room temperature, avoiding the use of a complex heat pipe. We have observed a strong saturation of the VUV yield when peak power densities of the fundamental beams exceed the GW/cm2 range, as well as a large intensity-dependant broadening (up to ~30 cm-1) of the two-photon resonance. The source has potential applications for high resolution interference lithography and photochemistry.
Language-related hand gestures in criminal psychopaths
Creators: name: Gillstrom, Brenda Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Hand gestures were coded from videotaped interviews of male prison inmates divided into high (P), medium (M) and low (NP) groups based on the Psychopathy Checklist (Hare, 1980). Compared with other groups, psychopaths were found to make more beats (a type of nonreferential language-related gesture) when speaking about their family background but not when speaking about their criminal history. There were no group differences in the use of other language gestures or nonlanguage gestures. The results are discussed in terms of speech encoding difficulties that psychopaths may experience in relation to content that involves concepts or words that are abstract or emotion-laden. The results are consistent with language research, and suggest that psychopaths differ from others in the processing and use of language.
Module Integration for High Efficient Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Papet, P.
name: Ufheil, J.
name: Söderström, T.
name: Beyer, S.
name: Mehlich, H.
name: Hausmann, J.
name: Stein, W.
name: Legradic, B.
name: Frammelsberger, W.
name: Bätzner, D.
name: Lachenal, D.
name: Wahli, G.
name: Strahm, B.
name: Hoes, T.
name: Grimm, M.
name: Vetter, E.
name: Leu, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3541-3545
description: Heterojunction cells are one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of highefficiency
cells in crystalline silicon photovoltaics. This is due to various favorable reasons, such as the high efficiency
potential (> 21%), the ease of processing in a limited number of process steps and the excellent outdoor performances in
terms of energy harvesting. The combination of these factors gives the enormous potential of this technology, especially
in lowering the overall cost of PV systems and solar cells specifically. At Roth&Rau, the technology is developed on 6’’
cells since several years focusing on mass production vacuum tools (PECVD, PVD) and process integration at its R&D
line in Switzerland and pilot line in Germany. Thanks to the integration of Roth& Rau in the Meyer Burger group,
Heterojunction project has been pushed head to be a global product that cover every steps from the wafer sawing to the
finalized module. This synergy has been obtained by the involvement of each partners of the Meyer Burger group in this
project. Belong all Meyer Burger group actions to set Heterojunction as the next generation for photovoltaic, this paper
presents some innovations done on the cell metallization and module integration.
Enhanced hyperspectral tomography for bioimaging by spatiospectral reconstruction
Creators: name: Warr, Ryan
name: Ametova, Evelina
name: Cernik, Robert J.
name: Fardell, Gemma
name: Handschuh, Stephan
name: Jørgensen, Jakob S.
name: Papoutsellis, Evangelos
name: Pasca, Edoardo
name: Withers, Philip J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Here we apply hyperspectral bright field imaging to collect computed tomographic images with excellent energy resolution (800 eV), applying it for the first time to map the distribution of stain in a fixed biological sample through its characteristic K-edge. Conventionally, because the photons detected at each pixel are distributed across as many as 200 energy channels, energy-selective images are characterised by low count-rates and poor signal-to-noise ratio. This means high X-ray exposures, long scan times and high doses are required to image unique spectral markers. Here, we achieve high quality energy-dispersive tomograms from low dose, noisy datasets using a dedicated iterative reconstruction algorithm. This exploits the spatial smoothness and inter-channel structural correlation in the spectral domain using two carefully chosen regularisation terms. For a multi-phase phantom, a reduction in scan time of 36 times is demonstrated. Spectral analysis methods including K-edge subtraction and absorption step-size fitting are evaluated for an ex vivo, single (iodine)-stained biological sample, where low chemical concentration and inhomogeneous distribution can affect soft tissue segmentation and visualisation. The reconstruction algorithms are available through the open-source Core Imaging Library. Taken together, these tools offer new capabilities for visualisation and elemental mapping, with promising applications for multiply-stained biological specimens.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Ultrathin and Flexible Single Crystal Silicon Mini-Modules
Creators: name: Cruz-Campa, J.L.
name: Nielson, G.N.
name: Okandan, M.
name: Resnick, P.J.
name: Sánchez, C.A.
name: Gupta, V.P.
name: Nelson, J.S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2203-2206
description: There is a high interest for having power on demand through ultra-light, highly-efficient, and flexible
photovoltaic systems. Currently, the most efficient technologies are based on a rigid format using single crystal
materials and the flexible ones are based on not so efficient polycrystalline or amorphous materials. We present a new
method to produce ultrathin and flexible solar cells made of single crystal crystalline silicon. We propose the use of
ultrathin (<20 μm) segmented silicon (less than 1 mm in diameter) created with microsystems tools and techniques.
The processing of the cells, including passivation and metallization, was done on standard thickness wafers with
standard tools. The cell design is a back, point contact, interdigitated cell. The finished cells were transferred onto a
100 μm thick flexible glass substrate with patterned metal traces. Interconnections between the cell and substrate
were formed with a solder reflow step. The first demonstration module prototypes transferred and connected 474
micro cells all at once. The conversion efficiency of the mini module was 12.4% with a total Voc = 7.8V. The
principle shown here can be used to transfer the cells onto other flexible substrates (i.e. polymers) and achieve an
ultra-light, highly efficient, and flexible photovoltaic system.
Model-independent extraction of two-photon effects in elastic electron-proton scattering
Creators: name: Belushkin, M. A.
name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the discrepancy between the Rosenbluth and polarization transfer data for the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon. Assuming that the effect of two-photon corrections on the polarization transfer data is negligible, we obtain a model-independent estimate of the two-photon correction Delta^(2γ). We analyze the polarization transfer data and the cross section data separately using dispersion relations. A central value as well as an error estimate for Delta^(2γ) is then obtained from a comparison of the two analyses. The resulting values for Delta^(2γ) are in good agreement with direct calculations available in the literature.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Chemical abundances in 7 metal-poor HII regions and a determination of the primordial helium abundance
Creators: name: Valerdi, Mabel
name: Peimbert, Antonio
name: Peimbert, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted a long-slit spectrophotometry analysis to obtain the chemical abundances of seven metal-poor HII regions in three galaxies: UM 160, UM 420, and TOL 0513-393. The data have been taken with the Focal Reducer Low Dispersion Spectrograph 1 (FORS1) at the 8.2-m Very Large Telescope. We derived the physical conditions and the chemical abundances of N, O, Ne, S, Ar, and Cl. We also performed a detailed analysis that involves abundance determinations using the $t^2$ formalism. Based on HeI recombination line intensity ratios, together with the Helio14 code, we derived the abundance of He. In addition, for a value $ΔY/ΔZ_O =3.3\pm 0.7$, we have estimated that the primordial helium abundance by mass is $Y_{\rm P}=0.2448\pm0.0033$. This value agrees with values derived from Standard Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and with other recent determinations of $Y_{\rm P}$.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. This paper has been accepted in MNRAS
Characterization of Front and Back Interfaces on Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin-Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kato, T.
name: Hiroi, H.
name: Sakai, N.
name: Muraoka, S.
name: Sugimoto, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2236-2239
description: In this work, we focus on the front and back interfaces of absorber, which, along with the crystalline
quality of the absorber, are definitely important in obtaining high efficiency for Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin-film solar
cells. For the back interface, the ZnS segregation is a well-known problem for formation of CZTS absorbers. The
segregation has been believed to cause high series resistant. We found that while the ZnS segregation is hardly
dependent on the absorber composition, the sulfurization condition and the precursor stack structure have an effect on
it. Furthermore, we found that ZnS segregation at the backside of the absorber could have beneficial effects. For the
front interface, the compositions of Cd-, Zn-, and In-based buffer layers were studied by X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy (XPS). The buffer layers consist of mixed chemical states, i.e., sulfides, oxides, and hydroxides,
however, little is known about how these complex states distribute within the buffer layers. By using Ar+ sputtering
in conjunction with XPS, the depth profiles for each chemical state were observed. These results are informative in
concerning deposition process. Assisted by these studies, recently we have achieved an efficiency of 9.2% on 5×5
cm2-sized CZTS submodule with antireflection coating.
Eight new millisecond pulsars from the first MeerKAT globular cluster census
Creators: name: Ridolfi, A.
name: Gautam, T.
name: Freire, P. C. C.
name: Ransom, S. M.
name: Buchner, S. J.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Krishnan, V. Venkatraman
name: Bailes, M.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Abbate, F.
name: Barr, E. D.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Camilo, F.
name: Corongiu, A.
name: Jameson, A.
name: Padmanabh, P. V.
name: Vleeschower, L.
name: Champion, D. J.
name: Geyer, M.
name: Karastergiou, A.
name: Karuppusamy, R.
name: Parthasarathy, A.
name: Reardon, D. J.
name: Serylak, M.
name: Shannon, R. M.
name: Spiewak, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the central 44 antennas of the new 64-dish MeerKAT radio telescope array to conduct a deep search for new pulsars in the core of nine globular clusters. This has led to the discovery of eight new millisecond pulsars in six different clusters. Two new binaries, 47 Tuc ac and 47 Tuc ad, are eclipsing "spiders", featuring compact orbits ($\lesssim 0.32$ days), very low-mass companions and regular occultations of their pulsed emission. The other three new binary pulsars (NGC 6624G, M62G, and Ter 5 an) are in wider ($> 0.7$ days) orbits, with companions that are likely to be white dwarfs or neutron stars. NGC 6624G has a large eccentricity of $e\simeq 0.38$, which enabled us to detect the rate of advance of periastron. This suggests that the system is massive, with a total mass of $M{\rm tot} = 2.65 \pm 0.07$ M$_{\odot}$. Likewise, for Ter 5 an, with $e \simeq 0.0066$, we obtain $M{\rm tot}= 2.97 \pm 0.52$ M$_{\odot}$. The other three new discoveries (NGC 6522D, NGC 6624H and NGC 6752F) are faint isolated pulsars. Finally, we have used the whole MeerKAT array and synthesized 288 beams, covering an area of $\sim2$ arcmin in radius around the center of NGC 6624. This has allowed us to localize many of the pulsars in the cluster, demonstrating the beamforming capabilities of the TRAPUM software backend and paving the way for the upcoming MeerKAT globular cluster pulsar survey.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Highlights and Perspectives of the JLab Spin Physics Program
Creators: name: Chen, Jian-ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nucleon spin structure has been an active and exciting subject of interest for the last three decades. Recent precision spin-structure data from Jefferson Lab have significantly advanced our knowledge of nucleon structure in the valence quark (high-x) region and improved our understanding of higher-twist effects, spin sum rules and quark-hadron duality. First, results of spin sum rules and polarizabilities in the low to intermediate Q^2 region are presented. Comparison with theoretical calculations are discussed. Surprising disagreements of Chiral Perturbation Theory calculations with experimental results on the generalized spin polarizability, δ_{LT}, were found. Then, precision measurements of the spin asymmetry in the high-x region are presented. They provide crucial input for global fits to world data to extract polarized parton distribution functions. The up and down quark spin distributions in the nucleon were extracted. The results for Δd/d disagree with the leading-order pQCD prediction assuming hadron helicity conservation. Results of precision measurements of the g_2 structure function to study higher-twist effects are presented. The data indicate a significant higher-twist (twist-3 or higher) effect. The second moment of the spin structure functions and the twist-3 matrix element d_2 results were extracted. The high Q^2 result was compared with a Lattice QCD calculation. Results on the resonance spin-structure functions in the intermediate Q^2 range are presented, which, in combination with DIS data, enable a detailed study of quark-hadron duality in spin-structure functions. Finally, an experiment to study neutron transversity and transverse spin asymmetries is discussed. A future plan with the 12 GeV energy upgrade at JLab is briefly outlined.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, to be published in Proceedings of Prague-Spin2007
Ultra-Thin Silver Films obtained by Sequential Quench-Anneal Processing
Creators: name: Arnason, S. B.
name: Hebard, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the two-step growth technique, quench condensing followed by an anneal, to grow ultra thin films of silver on glass substrates. As has been seen with semiconductor substrates this process produces a metastable homogeneous covering of silver. By measuring the in situ resistance of the film during growth we are able to see that the low temperature growth onto substrates held at 100 Kelvin produces a precursor phase that is insulating until the film has been annealed. The transformation of the precursor phase into the final, metallic silver film occurs at a characteristic temperature near 150K where the sample reconstructs. This reconstruction is accompanied by a decrease in resistance of up to 10 orders of magnitude.
Ballistic vs Diffusive Transport in Current-Induced Magnetization Switching
Creators: name: Theodoropoulou, N.
name: Sharma, A.
name: Pratt, W. P.
name: Bass, J.
name: Stiles, M. D.
name: Xiao, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test whether current-induced magnetization switching due to spin-transfer-torque in ferromagnetic/non-magnetic/ferromagnetic (F/N/F) trilayers changes significantly when scattering within the N-metal layers is changed from ballistic to diffusive. Here ballistic corresponds to a ratio r = lambda/t greater than or equal to 3 for a Cu spacer layer, and diffusive to r = lambda/t less than or equal to 0.4 for a CuGe alloy spacer layer, where lambda is the mean-free-path in the N-layer of fixed thickness t = 10 nm. The average switching currents for the alloy spacer layer are only modestly larger than those for Cu. The best available model predicts a much greater sensitivity of the switching currents to diffuse scattering in the spacer layer than we see.
description: 11 pages, including 1 figure
Synthesis and Applications of Polynorepinephrine
Creators: name: lu, zhenzhen
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30603 Colloid and Surface Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: In this Thesis, we explored how to leverage the valuable properties of polynorepinephrine (PNE) that have been discovered thus far to develop new functional materials and systems. In doing so, we fabricated and characterised PNE nanoparticles, coating films, norepinephrine (NE) derived carbon dots, and PNE-stabilised microcapsules. We explored the utility of these PNE or NE based materials for drug delivery, bacterial elimination, hemoglobin detection, metal ion reduction and capsule formation.
BH Accretion in Low-Mass Galaxies Since z~1
Creators: name: Shi, Yong
name: Rieke, George
name: Donley, Jennifer
name: Cooper, Michael
name: Willmer, Christopher
name: Kirby, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have selected a sample of X-ray emitting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in low-mass host galaxies (5e9-2e10 Msun) out to z~1. By comparing to AGNs in more massive hosts, we have found that the AGN spatial number density and the fraction of galaxies hosting AGNs depends strongly on the host mass, with the AGN host mass function peaking at intermediate mass and with the AGN fraction increasing with host mass. AGNs in low-mass hosts show strong cosmic evolution in comoving number density, the fraction of such galaxies hosting active nuclei and the comoving X-ray energy density. The integrated X-ray luminosity function is used to estimate the amount of the accreted black hole mass in these AGNs and places a strong lower limit of 12% to the fraction of local low-mass galaxies hosting black holes, though a more likely value is probably much higher (> 50%) once the heavily-obscured objects missed in current X-ray surveys are accounted for.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 14 pages, 9 figures
Estimating floodwater depth using SAR-derived flood inundation maps and geomorphic model in kosi river basin (India)
Creators: name: Parida, Bikash Ranjan
name: Tripathi, Gaurav
name: Pandey, Arvind Chandra
name: Kumar, Amit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Flooding is the most widespread and frequent natural disaster in developing countries. Until recent years, determining flood extent and inundation depth were undertaken using hydrodynamic models but have pertinence constraints in data-scarce regions. This has given the new potential to characterize floods (e.g., inundation, depth, duration) at a large-scale using a geomorphic approach. The SAR data was employed to derive flood extent and the 12.5 m resolution DEM-based geomorphic method was applied to determine inundation depth in flooded domains of Kosi River Basin (KRB) in North Bihar (India) to characterize 2017 floods. The total inundated area in flooded domains over KRB was estimated at 4,108.2 km2 (20.88%). Most of the area (2,750 km2, 14%) of flooded domains over land had a water depth of 0.1 to 1 m. The geomorphic approach is appropriate for characterizing floods over large-scale and data-sparse basins like KRB and afforded a new horizon for flood risk assessment on flood vulnerable areas.
Clusters under strong VUV pulses: A quantum-classical hybrid-description incorporating plasma effects
Creators: name: Georgescu, Ionut
name: Saalmann, Ulf
name: Rost, Jan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum-classical hybrid-description of rare-gas clusters interacting with intense light pulses which we have developed is described in detail. Much emphasis is put on the treatment of screening electrons in the cluster which set the time scale for the evolution of the system and form the link between electrons strongly bound to ions and quasi-free plasma electrons in the cluster. As an example we discuss the dynamics of an Ar147 cluster exposed to a short VUV laser pulse of 20eV photon energy.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
How Much Rear Side Polishing Is Required? A Study on the Impact of Rear Side Polishing in PERC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Cornagliotti, E.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Horzel, J.
name: John, J.
name: Tous, L.
name: Hendrickx, D.
name: Prajapati, V.
name: Singh, S.
name: Hoyer, R.
name: Delahaye, F.
name: Weise, K.
name: Queißer, D.
name: Nussbaumer, H.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 561-566
description: In this work we study the impact of chemical polishing on the performance of mono-crystalline PERC
cells. Starting from random pyramid textured surfaces, the rear side polishing step is performed by means of an inline
single-side wet-etch tool. The influence of the pyramid smoothening on light trapping, surface recombination and
contact formation is here studied separately. We conclude from our analysis that a moderate smoothening,
corresponding to around 5-6 μm Si etch, is required in order to maximize the cell performance and that, on the other
hand, a complete planarization of the rear surface can be detrimental, besides being cost un-effective. While the
surface recombination generally benefits from a flat rear surface, light absorption and contact formation are more
effective when roughness Ra is in the range between 300-500 nm. Contact formation is also influenced by the
roughness because mass exchange between Al and Si takes place all over the rear side surface. On large area
industrial PERC cells with Ag screen printed contacts we achieve a best cell efficiency of 20.1% with 6 μm of Si
polishing removal and 19.9% with only 3 μm of Si removal. In the latter case the total Si consumption, including saw
damage removal and texturing, is lower than 20 μm per cell.
Entropy Enhancement and Black Hole Microstates
Creators: name: Bena, Iosif
name: Bobev, Nikolay
name: Ruef, Clement
name: Warner, Nicholas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fluctuating two-charge supertubes in three-charge geometries. We show that the entropy of these supertubes is determined by their locally-defined effective charges, which differ from their asymptotic charges by terms proportional to the background magnetic fields. When supertubes are placed in deep, scaling microstate solutions, these effective charges can become very large, leading to a much larger entropy than one naively would expect. Since fluctuating supertubes source smooth geometries in certain duality frames, we propose that such an entropy enhancement mechanism might lead to a black-hole like entropy coming entirely from configurations that are smooth and horizonless in the regime of parameters where the classical black hole exists.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX
Comparison of 1D and 2D Model Results for Selective Emitter and Interdigitated Back Contact Cells
Creators: name: Cabanas-Holmen, K.
name: Basore, P.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1462-1464
description: PC2D is a circular-reference spreadsheet method to be used in conjunction with PC1D for simulating
two-dimensional effects in solar cells. Both 1D and 2D models are approximate and do not perfectly describe all
aspects of the cell. It is up to the user to determine what level of modeling accuracy is desired and how many
resources (time, effort, and capital investment) should be expended. This paper evaluates whether or not the increased
complexity of a 2D model, specifically PC2D, is merited for two different cell structures, one with only slight twodimensionality
and the other with clear two-dimensional aspects – namely the Selective Emitter (SE) and
Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) cells, respectively. In the case of the SE solar cell, it is relatively simple to
construct a representative 1D model. The differences between the 1D and 2D model are shown to be negligible. In the
case of the IBC cell, it is more difficult to construct a representative 1D model and there are significant differences in
estimated performance between the two models. Thus, for the IBC cell it is more appropriate to model the cell in 2D.
Maintenance-Free Dryer for Solar Cell Metallization Lines
Creators: name: Ruf, D.
name: Steblay, R.
name: Xi, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1154-1156
description: This paper reviews the key features of a newly developed dryer. The impact of these features on drying
effectiveness at low temperatures for popular silver and aluminum paste is investigated. Furthermore, the importance
of airflow inside the dryer to prevent tool contamination and release of solvent vapor into the environment is shown.
Benefits of the new dryer on high-volume production are demonstrated at three different cell manufacturing sites.
title: Benchmarks
Creators: name: Ryan, Mina
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1987

description: A friend of mine once said to me "I cannot have a friend who has not suffered." I agree with her, for suffering constitutes, I believe, the benchmarks of initiation into personhood. The poems in Benchmarks describe one middle-aged woman's experience of initiation, her sometimes painful journey from innocence to experience.

There was no premeditation, no awareness ahead of time that any one theme would pervade these poems, but a theme does emerge when the poems are looked at as a group. This woman describes vignettes, real and imaginary, as she unfolds as a human being. She starts with her childhood in Alabama, her deep and often mysterious bonds with her parents, grandparents, aunts, and uncles; her fascination with the irrational and unseen, with spirits and gods. She moves on to her eventual and often unhappy marriage, her experience of the wrench of mother-love, her divorce, and the strange, new experience of dating again at mid-life. Woven throughout is her on-again, off-again fascination with death and other escapes from the here-and-now.

Finally there is a sense of triumph, a sense that she has become a person in her own right, unsupported and unencumbered.
Curvature perturbation spectrum from false vacuum inflation
Creators: name: Gong, Jinn-Ouk
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the inflationary cosmology it occurs frequently that the inflaton field is trapped in a local, transient minimum with non-zero vacuum energy. The difficulty regarding the curvature perturbation produced during such a stage is that classically the inflaton does not move so that the comoving hypersurfaces are not well defined at linear order in the scalar field perturbation. In this paper, assuming a mechanism of trapping which resembles a high temperature correction to the potential, we explicitly calculate for the first time the resulting power spectrum of the curvature perturbation by evaluating the quantum two-point correlation function directly. The spectrum is steeply blue with the spectral index n_R = 4.
description: (v1) 17 pages, no figure; (v2) 18 pages, more clarifications and discussions added, to appear in JCAP
Superior Firing Stability Resulting in Cell Performance Improvement in High Volume Production
Creators: name: Ruf, D.
name: Xi, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1677-1679
description: This paper demonstrates the thermal stability of a newly developed firing furnace. The effect of furnace
stability on cell performance is investigated over a three month period at a high volume cell manufacturer. The
benefits of advanced firing features are shown.
Holographic Confinement/Deconfinement Phase Transitions of AdS/QCD in Curved Spaces
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Shock, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Herzog has shown that deconfinement of AdS/QCD can be realized, in the hard-wall model where the small radius region is removed in the asymptotically AdS space, via a first order Hawking-Page phase transition between a low temperature phase given by a pure AdS geometry and a high temperature phase given by the AdS black hole in Poincare coordinates. In this paper we first extend Herzog's work to the hard wall AdS/QCD model in curved spaces by studying the thermodynamics of AdS black holes with spherical or negative constant curvature horizon, dual to a non-supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on a sphere or hyperboloid respectively. For the spherical horizon case, we find that the temperature of the phase transition increases by introducing an infrared cutoff, compared to the case without the cutoff; For the hyperbolic horizon case, there is a gap for the infrared cutoff, below which the Hawking-Page phase transition does not occur. We also discuss charged AdS black holes in the grand canonical ensemble, corresponding to a Yang-Mills theory at finite chemical potential, and find that there is always a gap for the infrared cutoff due to the existence of a minimal horizon for the charged AdS black holes with any horizon topology.
description: Latex, 16pages, v2: minor chnages and a few references added, to appear in JHEP
CATS: Optical to Near-Infrared Colors of the Bulge and Disk of Two z=0.7 Galaxies Using HST and Keck Laser Adaptive Optics Imaging
Creators: name: Steinbring, E.
name: Melbourne, J.
name: Metevier, A. J.
name: Koo, D. C.
name: Chun, M. R.
name: Simard, L.
name: Larkin, J. E.
name: Max, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have employed laser guide star (LGS) adaptive optics (AO) on the Keck II telescope to obtain near-infrared (NIR) images in the Extended Groth Strip (EGS) deep galaxy survey field. This is a continuation of our Center for Adaptive Optics Treasury Survey (CATS) program of targeting 0.5
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Understanding and Quantifying the Impact of Al Pastes on Al Back Surface Field Screen-Printed Silicon Solar Cell
Creators: name: Chen, N.
name: Ebong, A.
name: Addo, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1465-1470
description: Uniform and thick back surface field (BSF) introduced by Al paste are the key features of a high efficiency
conventional Al-BSF silicon solar cell. The Al particle morphology and printed thickness as well as the peak firing
temperature can influence the BSF thickness. Several commercial Al pastes exhibit different BSF thicknesses because of
the varying printed thickness and hence the variation in open circuit voltage (Voc). To quantify the variation in BSF
thickness and Voc, large area (239 cm2) p-type CZ 2.6 ohm·cm solar cells were fabricated on commercial 65 ohm/ emitter
using Al paste from three different manufacturers A, B and C. The best cells obtained with Al pastes A, B and C showed
similar VOC and JSC. The 2 mV VOC observed is consistent with the variation in BSF thickness which could arise from
difference in printed Al, BSF uniformity and BSRV. The result was confirmed by SEM and IQE analyses and the EL
measurements confirmed the series resistance difference was due to the front Ag contacts. PC2D simulation was also
employed to investigate the effect from variation of Al pastes by matching the experimental EQE curves.
The non-linear infrared-radio correlation of low-z galaxies: implications for redshift evolution, a new radio SFR recipe, and how to minimize selection bias
Creators: name: Molnar, Daniel Cs.
name: Sargent, Mark T.
name: Leslie, Sarah
name: Magnelli, Benjamin
name: Schinnerer, Eva
name: Zamorani, Giovanni
name: Delhaize, Jacinta
name: Smolcic, Vernesa
name: Tisanic, Kresimir
name: Vardoulaki, Eleni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The infrared-radio correlation (IRRC) underpins many commonly used radio luminosity-star formation rate (SFR) calibrations. In preparation for the new generation of radio surveys we revisit the IRRC of low-$z$ galaxies by (a) drawing on the best currently available IR and 1.4 GHz radio photometry, plus ancillary data over the widest possible area, and (b) carefully assessing potential systematics. We compile a catalogue of $\sim$9,500 z $
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 29 pages, 20 figures, 9 tables including appendices
Functional Time Evolution, Anomaly Potentials, and the Geometric Phase
Creators: name: Torre, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A free quantum field in 1+1 dimensions admits unitary Schrodinger picture dynamics along any foliation of spacetime by Cauchy curves. Kuchar showed that the Schrodinger picture state vectors, viewed as functionals of spacelike embeddings, satisfy a functional Schrodinger equation in which the generators of time evolution are the scalar field energy-momentum densities with a particular normal-ordering and with a (non-unique) c-number contribution. The c-number contribution to the Schrodinger equation, called the ``anomaly potential'', is needed to make the equation integrable in light of the Schwinger terms present in the commutators of the normal-ordered energy-momentum densities. Here we give a quantum geometric interpretation of the anomaly potential. In particular, we show the anomaly potential corresponds to the expression in a gauge of the natural connection on the bundle of vacuum states over the space of embeddings of Cauchy curves into the spacetime. The holonomy of this connection is the geometric phase associated with dynamical evolution along a closed path in the space of embeddings generated by the normal-ordered energy-momentum densities. The presence of the anomaly potential in the functional Schrodinger equation provides a dynamical phase which removes this holonomy, so that there is no net phase change for quantum transport around closed loops in the space of embeddings.
description: 16 pages