Acaulospora fanjing R. J. He, L. M. Yao & L. Jiang 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: He, Rong-Jian
name: Long, Chun-Li
name: Yao, Li-Mei
name: Jiang, Long
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Glomeromycota
Glomeromycetes
Diversisporales
Acaulosporaceae
Acaulospora
Acaulospora fanjing

description: Acaulospora fanjing R.J. He, L.M. Yao & L. Jiang sp. nov. (Figs. 1–9)
Fungal Names FN570847
Sporiferous saccule unknown. Spores are formed singly in soils, reddish-brown to orange-brown, small oil droplets shine in the spores. Spore shape is globose to subglobose, (109–)123(–138) µm diam, rarely ovoid to irregular, (105–)125(–145) µm diam (Fig. 1).
Outer spore wall consists of three layers (SWL1–SWL3), in total 2.5–4.0 µm thick (Figs. 3–6). SWL1 forming the spore surface, evanescent, hyaline, (0.5–)1.0(–1.2) μm thick, usually absent in mature spores (Fig. 3). SWL2 permanent, orange-brown to reddish orange, laminate, smooth, 2.0–3.5 μm thick. SWL3 concolorous with SWL2, 0.5–1.0μm thick, usually tightly adherent to SWL2 and often difficult to observe. None of these wall layers stains in Melzer’s reagent (Figs. 3–6).
Middle wall is hyaline, semiflexible and thin, in total 0.7–1.5μm thick, bilayered tightly adherent (MWLl–MWL2), often appearing as being one wall layer. None of the layers reacts to Melzer’s (Fig. 5).
Inner wall is hyaline, consists of three layers (IWLl–IWL3) and tightly adherent to each other, 1.5–3.0 μm thick in total (Figs. 5–6). The IWL1 is flexible, about 0.5 μm thick, and not “beaded”structure; IWL2 is plastic, 0.9–1.5 μm thick; IWL3 is 0.4–1.0 μm thick and usually difficult to detect due to the close adherence to IWL2. Only IWL2 shows a pale pink reaction to Melzer’s reagent (Fig. 6).
Cicatrix circular to subcircular, slightly raised collar, 8–11 µm wide (Figs. 7–8). The pore is closed by inner laminae of SWL2 and SWL3.
Mycorrhizal associations:—In the field, A.fanjing was found associated with the rhizosphere of Acer flabellatum in Fanjing mountains from China. In single-species cultures with Trifolium pratense L as host plant, A.fanjing formed mycorrhiza with arbuscules, vesicles, and hyphae (Fig.10).
Specimens examined:— China. Guizhou, National Nature Reserve of Fanjingshan (27°53’45”N, 108°43’15”W), in rhizosphere of Acer flabellatum in the ecotone (mossy dwarf forest) between habitats 1900m and 2300m, 22 Oct 2020. Holotype, herbaria CGMCC, voucher HMAS 281446!
Etymology:— fanjing (Latin), referring to the site of Fanjing Mountain in China, where this AMF species was recorded for the first time.
Distribution and habitat:—Spores of A.fanjing were isolated from rhizospheric soil of Acer flabellatum, whereby the records were located in the mossy dwarf forest of Fanjing Mountain. None of the SSU-ITS-LSU sequences obtained from BLAST queries had>97% similarity. Therefore, A.fanjing must be considered, at the moment, an AMF with a restricted area.
description: Published as part of He, Rong-Jian, Long, Chun-Li, Yao, Li-Mei & Jiang, Long, 2021, Acaulospora fanjing (Glomeromycota), a new species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from Fanjingshan in China, pp. 191-198 in Phytotaxa 524 (3) on page 193, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.524.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5649282