VP2-13 Vibration Analysis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Considering Magneto-Thermal Coupling and Structural Deformation
Creators: Haifeng Cao
Depeng Zeng
Yukun Li
Zhaopeng Sun
Xi Wang
Chenxing Jiang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2025

As the demand for environmental comfort increases, the vibration noise of permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSM) is receiving more attention[1][2]. The permanent magnet and other structures in PMSM are susceptible to temperature changes. The variation in temperature distribution within the motor can affect the spatiotemporal distribution of the electromagnetic field, thereby altering the motor's vibration state[3]. Changes in the motor's electromagnetic performance can also affect the temperature distribution. Additionally, thermal stress can cause structural deformation and displacement, further impacting the spatiotemporal distribution of the electromagnetic field[4]. Currently, research on the characteristics of temperature rise and structural changes in PMSM, and how these changes lead to alterations in motor vibration, is still insufficient. This paper investigates a 4-unit PMSM by establishing a 2D model of the motor's electromagnetic field and a 3D finite element model of its temperature field. The study explores the impact of magnetic-thermal coupling on the calculation of electromagnetic excitation in the PMSM. Furthermore, a 3D structural finite element model of the motor is developed to examine the effects of temperature load on the motor's structure. The electromagnetic field is reconstructed after calculating structural displacement and the electromagnetic excitation force is solved. Simulations of the motor's electromagnetic vibration are performed using the results from the uncoupled electromagnetic field, magnetic-thermal coupling, and reconstructed electromagnetic force calculations as excitations. Temperature rise tests, structural modal tests, and vibration response tests of the motor are conducted to verify the model's accuracy. The results indicate that accounting for magnetic-thermal coupling reduces the simulation error in the response of radial electromagnetic force wave harmonics. Considering the influence of electromagnetic field reconstruction improves the accuracy of the motor housing vibration calculation in some frequencies.References: [1] Wang S, Hong J, Sun Y, et al. Exciting force and vibration analysis of stator permanent magnet synchronous motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2018, 54(11): 1-5. [2] Ballo F, Gobbi M, Mastinu G, et al. Noise and vibration of permanent magnet synchronous electric motors: A simplified analytical model[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2022, 9(2): 2486-2496. [3] Si J, Zhao S, Feng H, et al. Analysis of temperature field for a surface-mounted and interior permanent magnet synchronous motor adopting magnetic-thermal coupling method[J]. CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2018, 2(1): 166-174. [4] Fan J, Zhang C, Wang Z, et al. Thermal analysis of permanent magnet motor for the electric vehicle application considering driving duty cycle[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2010, 46(6): 2493-2496.
As the demand for environmental comfort increases, the vibration noise of permanent magnet synchronous motors(PMSM) is receiving more attention[1][2]. The permanent magnet and other structures in PMSM are susceptible to temperature changes. The variation in temperature distribution within the motor can affect the spatiotemporal distribution of the electromagnetic field, thereby altering the motor's vibration state[3]. Changes in the motor's electromagnetic performance can also affect the temperature distribution. Additionally, thermal stress can cause structural deformation and displacement, further impacting the spatiotemporal distribution of the electromagnetic field[4]. Currently, research on the characteristics of temperature rise and structural changes in PMSM, and how these changes lead to alterations in motor vibration, is still insufficient. This paper investigates a 4-unit PMSM by establishing a 2D model of the motor's electromagnetic field and a 3D finite element model of its temperature field. The study explores the impact of magnetic-thermal coupling on the calculation of electromagnetic excitation in the PMSM. Furthermore, a 3D structural finite element model of the motor is developed to examine the effects of temperature load on the motor's structure. The electromagnetic field is reconstructed after calculating structural displacement and the electromagnetic excitation force is solved. Simulations of the motor's electromagnetic vibration are performed using the results from the uncoupled electromagnetic field, magnetic-thermal coupling, and reconstructed electromagnetic force calculations as excitations. Temperature rise tests, structural modal tests, and vibration response tests of the motor are conducted to verify the model's accuracy. The results indicate that accounting for magnetic-thermal coupling reduces the simulation error in the response of radial electromagnetic force wave harmonics. Considering the influence of electromagnetic field reconstruction improves the accuracy of the motor housing vibration calculation in some frequencies.References: [1] Wang S, Hong J, Sun Y, et al. Exciting force and vibration analysis of stator permanent magnet synchronous motors[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2018, 54(11): 1-5. [2] Ballo F, Gobbi M, Mastinu G, et al. Noise and vibration of permanent magnet synchronous electric motors: A simplified analytical model[J]. IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, 2022, 9(2): 2486-2496. [3] Si J, Zhao S, Feng H, et al. Analysis of temperature field for a surface-mounted and interior permanent magnet synchronous motor adopting magnetic-thermal coupling method[J]. CES Transactions on Electrical Machines and Systems, 2018, 2(1): 166-174. [4] Fan J, Zhang C, Wang Z, et al. Thermal analysis of permanent magnet motor for the electric vehicle application considering driving duty cycle[J]. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, 2010, 46(6): 2493-2496.