cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The relationship between axial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio in optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Harper, Danielle J.
name: Vakoc, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In optical coherence tomography (OCT), axial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are typically viewed as uncoupled parameters. We show that this is only true for mirror-like surfaces, and that in diffuse scattering samples such as tissue there is an inherent coupling between axial resolution and measurement SNR. We explain the origin of this coupling and demonstrate that it can be used to achieve increased imaging penetration depth at the expense of resolution. Finally, we argue that this coupling should be considered during OCT system design processes that seek to balance competing needs of resolution, sensitivity, and system/source complexity.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
title: KLIMONAS-Ch07-A07 – Description du bâtiment B03 et documentation supplémentaire pour B03 et B04
title: KLIMONAS-Ch07-A07 – Description of building B03 and supplementary documentation for B03 and B04
Creators: name: BERTAUT, Juliette
name: KHAWAM, Rana
name: VIGNE, Jean-Denis
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: Annexe de : Vigne J.-D., Briois F., Guilaine J. (dir.), « Klimonas, un village néolithique pré-céramique ancien à Chypre », Gallia Préhistoire & Paléorient, Supplément international 1,CNRS Éditions, Paris, 2023.
description: Appendix of: Vigne J.-D., Briois F., Guilaine J. (eds.), « Klimonas, an Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic village in Cyprus », Gallia Préhistoire & Paléorient, International Supplement 1, CNRS Éditions, Paris, 2023.
Three-dimensional deep learning-based reduced order model for unsteady flow dynamics with variable Reynolds number
Creators: name: Gupta, Rachit
name: Jaiman, Rajeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep learning-based reduced order model (DL-ROM) for predicting the fluid forces and unsteady vortex patterns. We consider flow past a sphere to examine the accuracy of our DL-ROM predictions. The proposed methodology relies on a three-dimensional convolutional recurrent autoencoder network (3D CRAN) to extract the low-dimensional flow features from full-order snapshots. The low-dimensional features are evolved in time using a long short-term memory-based recurrent neural network and reconstructed back to the full-order as flow voxels. These 3D voxels are introduced as static and uniform query probes in the point cloud domain to reduce the unstructured mesh complexity while providing convenience in 3D CRAN training. We analyze a novel procedure to recover the interface description and the force quantities from the 3D flow voxels. The 3D CRAN methodology is first applied to an external flow past a static sphere at a single Reynolds number of Re = 300. We provide an assessment of the computing requirements in terms of the memory usage, training costs, and testing times associated with the 3D CRAN framework. Subsequently, variable Re-based flow information is infused in one 3D CRAN to learn a complicated symmetry-breaking flow regime (280 < Re < 460) for the flow past a sphere. Effects of transfer learning are analyzed for training this complicated 3D flow regime on a relatively smaller time series dataset. The 3D CRAN framework learns the flow regime nearly 20 times faster than the parallel full-order model and predicts unsteady flows with an excellent to good accuracy. Based on the predicted flow fields, the network demonstrates an R2 accuracy of 98.58% for drag and 76.43% for lift over the sphere in the chosen flow regime. The proposed framework aligns with the development of a digital twin for 3D unsteady flow field with variable Re effects.
UBC19 is a new interacting protein of ORANGE for its nuclear localization in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Chen, Wei-Cai
name: Wang, Qi
name: Cao, Tian-Jun
name: Lu, Shan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: ORANGE (OR) is a member of the DnaJ-like zinc finger domain-containing protein family, of which all orthologs share a highly conserved quadruple repeat of the CxxCxxxG signatures at their C-termini. Dual subcellular localization and different interacting partner proteins have been reported for OR. In plastids, OR interacts with phytoene synthase, the entry enzyme for carotenoid biosynthesis, to promote chromoplast biogenesis and carotenoid accumulation in non-pigmented tissues. In the nucleus, OR interacts with the eukaryotic release factor eRF1-2 to regulate cell elongation in the petiole, and with the transcription factor TCP14 to repress the expression of Early Light-Induced Proteins (ELIPs) and chloroplast biogenesis in de-etiolating cotyledons. In this study, we demonstrated the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBC19 as a new interacting partner of OR. The lysine58 of OR was found to be ubiquitinated, and OR lost its nuclear localization and the capability in repressing ELIPs when lysine58 was substituted by alanine. Our findings raised the possibility that the ubiquitination by UBC19 is essential for the nuclear localization of OR.
Study Protocol - Systematic review and network meta-analysis - Nissen vs TIF
Creators: name: Richter, Joel E
name: Ambuj Kumar
name: Lipka, Seth
name: Miladinovic, Branko
name: Velanovich, Vic
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110307 Gastroenterology and Hepatology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Study protocol
Carbon as Frozen Light: Transcendental Interfaces in Photosynthesis and Their Implications for Climate Restoration
Creators: name: Needham, Eric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: climate restoration
photosynthesis
quantum coherence
golden ratio
pi-scaling
frozen light
carbon cycle
transcendental geometry
scalar field theory
energy emergence
vacuum structure
harmonic resonance
φ-interfaces
biogenic engineering
climate physics

description: Climate Change Solution: Carbon as Frozen LightThis paper introduces a radical new framework for climate restoration grounded in first principles physics and photosynthetic biology. By reinterpreting carbon as "frozen light," we present a unified transcendental interface governed by φ (the golden ratio), π, and the speed of light (c), linking photosynthesis, coherence, and quantum field theory into a single reproducible structure.

We derive a novel Lagrangian for the photonic-carbon field, demonstrate theoretical predictions for photosynthetic parameters that match experimental results, and propose engineered φ-resonant systems capable of carbon capture at planetary scale. This work integrates vacuum geometry, energy harmonics, and biogenic light compression into a physical model of restoration—not just explanation.

All visuals, equations, and predictions are mathematically derived and open-sourced. No fitting. No speculation. Just light, geometry, and emergence.

We do not fit data spikes. We explain why the spikes must be there.

For further informaton about the ENSO Framework, contact Eric Needham: ensotheory1@gmail.com
A Unified Analysis of Structured Sonar-Terrain Data Using Bayesian Functional Mixed Models
Creators: name: Hongxiao Zhu
name: Caspers, Philip
name: Morris, Jeffrey S.
name: Xiaowei Wu
name: Müller, Rolf
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Sonar emits pulses of sound and uses the reflected echoes to gain information about target objects. It offers a low cost, complementary sensing modality for small robotic platforms. Although existing analytical approaches often assume independence across echoes, real sonar data can have more complicated structures due to device setup or experimental design. In this article, we consider sonar echo data collected from multiple terrain substrates with a dual-channel sonar head. Our goals are to identify the differential sonar responses to terrains and study the effectiveness of this dual-channel design in discriminating targets. We describe a unified analytical framework that achieves these goals rigorously, simultaneously, and automatically. The analysis was done by treating the echo envelope signals as functional responses and the terrain/channel information as covariates in a functional regression setting. We adopt functional mixed models that facilitate the estimation of terrain and channel effects while capturing the complex hierarchical structure in data. This unified analytical framework incorporates both Gaussian models and robust models. We fit the models using a full Bayesian approach, which enables us to perform multiple inferential tasks under the same modeling framework, including selecting models, estimating the effects of interest, identifying significant local regions, discriminating terrain types, and describing the discriminatory power of local regions. Our analysis of the sonar-terrain data identifies time regions that reflect differential sonar responses to terrains. The discriminant analysis suggests that a multi- or dual-channel design achieves target identification performance comparable with or better than a single-channel design. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Additional file 1 of Expression characterization and cross-species complementation uncover the functional conservation of YABBY genes for leaf abaxial polarity and carpel polarity establishment in Saccharum spontaneum
Creators: name: She, Zeyuan
name: Huang, Xiaoyi
name: Aslam, Mohammad
name: Wang, Lulu
name: Yan, Maokai
name: Qin, Rongjuan
name: Chen, Yingzhi
name: Qin, Yuan
name: Niu, Xiaoping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Temperature Discrepancy with Photoionization Models of the Narrow Line Region
Creators: name: Binette, Luc
name: Martín, Montserrat Villar
name: C., Gladis Magris
name: Martínez-Paredes, Mariela
name: Alarie, Alexandre
name: Ardila, Alberto Rodríguez
name: Villicaña-Pedraza, Ilhuiyolitzin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using published work on the Narrow Line Region of Active Nuclei, we make a comparison of the observed [O III] $4363Å/5007Å$ ratio observed among quasars, Seyfert 2's and spatially resolved NLR plasma. It is broadly accepted that the span of this ratio among quasars, from 0.015 to 0.2, is the result of collisional deexcitation as corroborated by Baskin and Laor (2005). However, the coincidence of the AGN at towards the lowest [O III] ratios, however, suggests that it represents plasma in the low density regime, where this ratio can be interpreted as the actual NLR temperature. Using the density indicator [Ar IV] $4711Å/4740Å$ doublet ratio which was observed by Koski (1978) in Seyfert 2's, we found evidence of relatively low densities ($< 10000/cc$). Even after considering a powerlaw distribution for the densities as well as a nonuniform foreground dust extinction, we find no evidence of collisional deexcitation. The mean NLR OIII temperature we infer for our Seyfert 2 sample is 13,500 K. This is a problem for photoionization models with a standard ionizing spectral energy distribution since they predict significantly lower temperatures.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Hyperparameter tuning of optical neural network classifiers for high-order gaussian beams
Creators: name: Watanabe, Shunsuke
name: Shimobaba, Tomoyoshi
name: Kakue, Takashi
name: Ito, Tomoyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-order Gaussian beams with multiple propagation modes have been studied for free-space optical communications. Fast classification of beams using a diffractive deep neural network, D2NN, has been proposed. D2NN optimization is important because it has numerous hyperparameters, such as interlayer distances and mode combinations. In this study, we classify Hermite-Gaussian beams, which are high-order Gaussian beams, using a D2NN, and automatically tune one of its hyperparameters known as the interlayer distance. We used the tree-structured Parzen estimator, a hyperparameter auto-tuning algorithm, to search for the best model. Results indicated that classification accuracy obtained by auto-tuning hyperparameters was higher than that obtained by manually setting interlayer distances at equal intervals. In addition, we confirmed that accuracy by auto-tuning improves as the number of classification modes increases.
Characterization of nanosized silica size standards
Creators: name: Kimoto, Shigeru
name: Dick, William D.
name: Hunt, Ben
name: Wladyslaw W. Szymanski
name: McMurry, Peter H.
name: Roberts, Daryl L.
name: Pui, David Y. H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Nanosized silica size standards produced with a sol–gel synthesis process were evaluated for particle size, effective density, and refractive index in this study. Particle size and effective density measurements were conducted following protocol from the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan. Particle sizes were measured via electrical mobility analysis using a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) at sheath flow rates (Qsh) of 3.0 and 6.0 L/min and a constant aerosol flow rate (Qa) of 0.3 L/min. The measured mean and mode diameters agreed well with the labeled sizes in the size range 40–200 nm, with differences ranging from 0.03% to 0.8%, well within the labeled expanded uncertainties (95% confidence intervals) of 1.8%–2.2%. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the size distribution was 0.012–0.027 for 40–200 nm. Particle sizes measured for 20 nm and 30 nm standards showed size differences with respect to the certified sizes of 1.7% and 8.3% at Qsh = 6.0 L/min, but the size distributions were narrow, with CV = 0.047–0.064. The average effective density for the range 40–200 nm measured with an aerosol particle mass analyzer (APM) was 1.9 g/cm3. The real component of the refractive index measured with an optical particle counter (OPC) was 1.41 at a wavelength of 633 nm. All properties (size, effective density, and refractive index) were stable and could be measured with good repeatability. From these evaluations, it was found that the nanosized silica size standards have good characteristics for use as size standards and constitute a feasible alternative to PSL particles. © 2017 American Association for Aerosol Research
Uniqueness of the Inflationary Higgs Scalar for Neutron Stars and Failure of non-inflationary Approximations
Creators: name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars are perfect candidates to investigate the effects of a modified gravity theory, since the curvature effects are significant and more importantly, potentially testable. In most cases studied in the literature in the context of massive scalar-tensor theories, inflationary models were examined. The most important of scalar-tensor models is the Higgs model, which, depending on the values of the scalar field, can be approximated by different scalar potentials, one of which is the inflationary. Since it is not certain how large the values of the scalar field will be at the near vicinity and inside a neutron star, in this work we will answer the question, which potential form of the Higgs model is more appropriate in order for it to describe consistently a static neutron star. As we will show numerically, the non-inflationary Higgs potential, which is valid for certain values of the scalar field in the Jordan frame, leads to extremely large maximum neutron star masses, however the model is not self-consistent, because the scalar field approximation used for the derivation of the potential, is violated both at the center and at the surface of the star. These results shows the uniqueness of the inflationary Higgs potential, since it is the only approximation for the Higgs model, that provides self-consistent results.
description: Invited article to appear in the Symmetry MDPI special issue "The Nuclear Physics of Neutron Stars"
Carnet nº 13, commencé à Hiroshima (p. 13)
Creators: name: Péraire, Lucien
name: CNRS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: created: 18-10-1930
Theoretical studies on quantum imaging with time-integrated single-photon detection under realistic experimental conditions
Creators: name: Go, Byeong-Yoon
name: Lee, Changhyoup
name: Lee, Kwang-Geol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum-enhanced differential measurement scheme that uses quantum probes and single-photon detectors to measure a minute defect in the absorption parameter of an analyte under investigation. For the purpose, we consider two typical non-classical states of light as a probe, a twin-Fock state and a two-mode squeezed vacuum state. Their signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) that quantifies the capability of detecting the defect are compared with a corresponding classical imaging scheme that employs a coherent state input. A quantitative comparison is made in terms of typical system imperfections such as photon loss and background noise that are common in practice. It is shown that a quantum enhancement in SNR can be described generally by the Mandel Q-parameter and the noise-reduction-factor, which characterize an input state that is incident to the analyte. We thereby identify the conditions under which the quantum enhancement remains and can be further increased. We expect our study to provide a guideline for improving the SNR in quantum imaging experiments employing a differential measurement scheme with time-integrated single-photon detectors.
description: 17 pages and 7 figures
Magnetic moments of the doubly charged axial-vector $T_{cc}^{++}$ states
Creators: name: Ozdem, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the discovery of the doubly-charmed state $T^+_{cc}$ and with the help of light-cone sum rules, the magnetic moments of possible $T_{cc}^{++}$ states are calculated. While calculating the magnetic moments of these states, these particles are considered in the molecular picture and they have $J^P = 1^+$ quantum numbers. The magnetic moment results obtained for the $T_{cc}^{++}$ states are large due to the double electric charge. The results obtained in this study can be checked using other theoretical models. The magnetic moments of the hadrons reveal valuable knowledge about the size and the shape of the hadrons. Measurement of the magnetic moment of the $T_{cc}^{++}$ states in future experimental collaborations can be very useful to understanding substructure and identification the quantum numbers of these states.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure and 1 table. The text has been significantly modified
Bad topological semimetals in layered honeycomb compounds
Creators: name: López, Manuel Fernández
name: Merino, Jaime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mott transition in honeycomb compounds with significant spin-orbit coupling is explored. At finite temperatures we identify a novel semimetallic phase located between a topological insulator and a topological Mott insulator. This semimetal is characterized by having no charge gap, no quasiparticles and gapped spin excitations with non-trivial topological properties. While charge conduction is incoherent involving mean-free paths violating the Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit, spin excitations can be transported ballistically along the edges giving rise to a quantized spin conductance. Such bad topological semimetal could be searched for close to the Mott transition in certain twisted bilayers of transition metal dicalchogenides.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Achieving extraordinary thermal stability of fine-grained structure in a dilute magnesium alloy
Creators: name: Meng, Zhao-Yuan
name: Wang, Cheng
name: Hua, Zhen-Ming
name: Zha, Min
name: Wang, Hui-Yuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: High-temperature solid-solution is indispensable for bake-hardenable dilute Mg alloys, which generally induces grain coarsening. Herein, we report extraordinary thermal stability in a bake-hardenable dilute Mg-1.61Zn-0.57Mn-0.54Ca-0.46Al (wt. %, ZMXA2110) alloy, maintaining fine-grained structure at 450 °C. The thermal stability is stemmed from the Zener pinning effect of dense fine (∼15.0 nm) core–shell β-Mn particles and co-segregation of Zn and Ca at grain boundaries. The fine-grained (∼3.2 μm) dilute alloy exhibits high room-temperature formability in solid-solution condition with an Index Erichsen value of ∼6.0 mm, and impressive yield strength of ∼293 MPa with an evident increment of ∼60 MPa by bake-hardening treatment. By achieving extraordinary fine-grain thermal stability under high-temperature solid-solution treatment, appreciable bake-hardenability along with fine-grained structure are obtained simultaneously to ensure the development of dilute Mg alloys with high strength.
Encyclopedia of emergent particles in type-IV magnetic space groups
Creators: name: Zhang, Zeying
name: Liu, Gui-Bin
name: Yu, Zhi-Ming
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
name: Yao, Yugui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The research on emergent particles in condensed matters has been attracting tremendous interest, and recently it is extended to magnetic systems. Here, we study the emergent particles stabilized by the symmetries of type-IV magnetic space groups (MSGs). Type-IV MSGs feature a special time reversal symmetry $\{\mathcal{T}|\boldsymbol{t}_0\}$, namely, the time reversal operation followed by a half lattice translation, which significantly alters the symmetry conditions for stabilizing the band degeneracies. In this work, based on symmetry analysis and modeling, we present a complete classification of emergent particles in type-IV MSGs by studying all possible (spinless and spinful, essential and accidental) particles in each of the 517 type-IV MSGs. Particularly, the detailed correspondence between the emergent particles and the type-IV MSGs that can host them are given in easily accessed interactive tables, where the basic information of the emergent particles, including the symmetry conditions, the effective Hamiltonian, the band dispersion and the topological characters can be found. According to the established encyclopedia, we find that several emergent particles that are previously believed to exist only in spinless systems will occur in spinful systems here, and vice versa, due to the $\{{\cal T}|\boldsymbol{t}_{0}\}$ symmetry. Our work not only deepens the understanding of the symmetry conditions for realizing emergent particles but also provides specific guidance for searching and designing materials with target particles.
description: 7pages, 1 figures, 3 tables
Hybrid GFD-RBF Method for Convection-Diffusion Problems
Creators: name: Garg, Priyal
name: Sekhar, T. V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we present a meshless hybrid method combining the Generalized Finite Difference (GFD) and Finite Difference based Radial Basis Function (RBF-FD) approaches to solve non-homogeneous partial differential equations (PDEs) involving both lower and higher order derivatives. The proposed method eliminates the need for mesh generation by leveraging the strengths of both GFD and RBF-FD techniques. The GFD method is robust and stable, effectively handling ill-conditioned systems, while the RBF-FD method excels in extending to higher-order derivatives and higher-dimensional problems. Despite their individual advantages, each method has its limitations. To address these, we developed a hybrid GFD-RBF approach that combines their strengths. Specifically, the GFD method is employed to approximate lower order terms (convective terms), and the RBF method is used for higher order terms (diffusive terms). The performance of the proposed hybrid method is tested on both linear and nonlinear PDEs, considering uniform and non-uniform distributions of nodes within the domain. This approach demonstrates the versatility and effectiveness of the hybrid GFD-RBF method in solving second and higher order convection-diffusion problems.
Caroline Petit
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques (1942-2020)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 1 fichier (1 page)
description: Autres destinataires : Hervé Latapie, Éric Caumes
An efficient and catalyst free methylthiolation of 4-(bromomethyl)-2H-chromen-2-ones with DMSO
Creators: name: Bahubali M. Chougala
name: Samundeeswari S
name: Megharaja Holiyachi
name: Naik, Nirmala S.
name: Lokesh A. Shastri
name: Sunagar, Vinay A
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The first simple, metal free, and efficient protocol has been established for the methylthiolation of structurally diverse 4-bromomethyl-2H-chromen-2-ones using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as methylthiolation source at higher temperature. The experimental method is highly economical and provides excellent yields of highly pure products which do not require further purification. All novel 4-[(methylthio)methyl]-2H-chromen-2-ones were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, and single-crystal X-ray analysis.
From superradiance to subradiance: exploring the many-body Dicke ladder
Creators: name: Glicenstein, Antoine
name: Ferioli, Giovanni
name: Browaeys, Antoine
name: Ferrier-Barbut, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a time-resolved study of collective emission in dense ensembles of two-level atoms. We compare, on the same sample, the build-up of superradiance and subradiance from the ensemble when driven by a strong laser. This allows us to measure the dynamics of the population of superradiant and subradiant states as a function of time. In particular we demonstrate the build up in time of subradiant states through the superradiant dynamics. This illustrates the dynamics of the many-body density matrix of superradiant ensembles of two-level atoms when departing from the ideal conditions of Dicke superradiance in which symmetry forbids the population of subradiant states.
Can dark-matter Q-balls grow to the mass gap masses?
Creators: name: Libanov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of general relativity, it can be shown that gravitational waves are radiated with the merger of massive compact objects. Such gravitational wave signals are observed on Earth on various detectors, in particular, on Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo. During the operation of these detectors, many events have been detected. Those events are associated with the merger of massive compact objects, however, the nature of some merging objects has not yet been reliably established. This work considers nontopological solitons of dark matter -- Q-balls, as candidates for the role of massive compact objects. In this work one of the simplest models of Q-balls, the mechanism of their birth during a phase transition in the early Universe and the mechanism of their mass gaining during the evolution of the Universe, which is based on their mutual merger, are considered. As a result, it is analyzed whether Q-balls of dark matter can grow to the mass gap masses and be candidates for the role of massive compact objects.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Published in Phys. Rev. D
Characterization of Nanosized Silica Size Standards
Creators: name: Kimoto, Shigeru
name: Dick, William D.
name: Hunt, Ben
name: Wladyslaw W. Szymanski
name: McMurry, Peter H.
name: Roberts, Daryl L.
name: Pui, David Y. H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Nanosized silica size standards produced with a sol-gel synthesis process were evaluated for particle size, effective density and refractive index in this study. Particle size and effective density measurements were conducted following protocol from the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in Japan. Particle sizes were measured via electrical mobility analysis using a differential mobility analyzer (DMA) at sheath flow rates (Qsh) of 3.0 and 6.0 L/min and a constant aerosol flow rate (Qa) of 0.3 L/min. The measured mean and mode diameters agreed well with the labeled sizes in the size range 40–200 nm, with differences ranging from 0.03–0.8%, well within the labeled expanded uncertainties (95% confidence intervals) of 1.8–2.2%. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the size distribution was 0.012–0.027 for 40–200 nm. Particle sizes measured for 20-nm and 30-nm standards showed size differences with respect to the certified sizes of 1.7% and 8.3% at Qsh = 6.0 L/min, but the size distributions were narrow, with CV = 0.047–0.064. The average effective density for the range 40–200 nm measured with an aerosol particle mass analyzer (APM) was 1.9 g/cm3. The real component of the refractive index measured with an optical particle counter (OPC) was 1.41 at a wavelength of 633 nm. All properties (size, effective density and refractive index) were stable and could be measured with good repeatability. From these evaluations, it was found that the nanosized silica size standards have good characteristics for use as size standards and constitute a feasible alternative to PSL particles.
A new capnosane-type diterpenoid from the South China sea soft coral Lobophytum pauciflorum
Creators: name: Zhang, Di
name: Li, Yueying
name: Li, Xiaolei
name: Han, Xiao
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Li, Guoqiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: A new rare capnosane-type diterpenoid (1) along with two known compounds sarcophyolides D (2) and arbolide C (3), were isolated from the soft coral Lobophytum pauciflorum collected at Xisha Islands in the South China Sea. The structure of 1 was established based on comprehensive spectroscopic data, literature comparison, and quantum chemical calculations. Compound 1 exhibited moderate anti-inflammatory activities in the zebrafish model at a concentration of 20 μM.
They do think about health - health, culture and identity in Katherine
Creators: name: Friderichs, Mascha
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 2018

description: This thesis describes the myriad of ways in which Indigenous young women in Katherine think about health and engage with the health system. Indigenous health is an important topic for the Australian government, which is trying to improve it through policies such as Closing the Gap. Health and social services also strive towards this goal. Service providers and government policies create certain constructions of what Indigenous health is. How Indigenous people themselves understand and negotiate health is less well-known. This thesis examines this question with a particular focus on Indigenous young women in Katherine. I conducted one year of ethnographic fieldwork in Katherine. This included semi-structured interviews with Indigenous young women and service providers, and participant observation at two social services. I worked with two Indigenous young women as peer researchers, and an older woman, who is a traditional healer, as a key informant. The young women expressed the standard health messages which focus on health as a behaviour and an individual responsibility. Concurrently, they also expressed broader conceptualisations of health. When seeking formal health care, the young women mainly attended the Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation, which they perceived as delivering biomedical care. Traditional medicine was still prevalent, though showing changes in practice and in its ascribed meanings. It was part of the “culture” as well as the “health” domain. Comparing Indigenous and non-Indigenous outcomes on social determinants of health and emphasising Indigenous disadvantage was shown to have negative consequences for how young Indigenous women experience their identities. To fully understand and to be able to respond effectively to the health challenges that these young women face, service providers and governments need to be able to look past the binary of Indigenous versus non-Indigenous, and understand the full complexity of the beliefs and experiences of these young women.
Refined modelling of the radio SZ signal: kinematic terms, relativistic temperature corrections and anisotropies in the radio background
Creators: name: Lee, Elizabeth
name: Chluba, Jens
name: Holder, Gilbert P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant cosmological radio background will inevitably lead to a radio Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect. In the simplest limit, the combined signal from the scattered radio and cosmic microwave background exhibits a null at around $ν\simeq 735$ MHz. Here, we show that kinematic and relativistic temperature corrections to this radio SZ signal are easily calculable. We treat both the cluster and observer motion, and the scattering of anisotropies in the radio background, highlighting how the spectrum of the radio SZ effect is affected in each case. Although relativistic temperature corrections only enter at the level of a few percent, our expressions allow high-precision modelling of these terms. By measuring the SZ signal around the radio null, one is in principle able to place constraints on the properties of a cosmological radio background. A combination with standard SZ measurements from large cluster samples could provide a promising avenue towards breaking degeneracies between different contributions. Stacking analyses can reduce the effect of kinematic corrections and dipolar anisotropies in the radio background, thereby providing a way to constrain the redshift dependence of the average radio background. Our qualitative discussion is meant to give an analytic understanding of the various effects and also motivate further studies with the aim to obtain quantitative forecasts of their observability. At this stage, a detection of the corrections seems rather futuristic, but the advent of large SZ and X-ray cluster samples could drastically improve our ability to disentangle various effects.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
Computational design of a new layered superconductor LaOTlF2
Creators: name: Yuan, Zhihong
name: Meng, Jingjing
name: Liu, Rui
name: Zheng, Pengyu
name: Ma, Xiaobo
name: Wang, Guangwei
name: Yu, Tianye
name: Peng, Yiran
name: Yin, Zhiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new layered compound LaOTlF2 is designed and investigated using first-principles calculations in this work. The parent compound is an insulator with an indirect band gap of 2.65 eV. Electron-doping of the parent compound makes the material metallic. In the meantime, several lattice vibrational modes couple strongly to the conduction band, leading to a large electron-phonon coupling constant and conventional superconductivity. The highest superconducting transition temperature Tc is predicted to be approximately 8.6 K with λ about 1.25 in the optimally doped LaO0.95F0.05TlF2, where λ is calculated using the Wannier interpolation technique.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Thermalization of light's orbital angular momentum in nonlinear multimode waveguide systems
Creators: name: Wu, Fan O.
name: Zhong, Qi
name: Ren, Huizhong
name: Jung, Pawel S.
name: Makris, Konstantinos G.
name: Christodoulides, Demetrios N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of a light field can be thermalized in a nonlinear cylindrical multimode optical waveguide. We find, that upon thermal equilibrium, the maximization of the optical entropy leads to a generalized Rayleigh-Jeans distribution that governs the power modal occupancies with respect to the discrete OAM charge numbers. This distribution is characterized by a temperature that is by nature different from that associated with the longitudinal electromagnetic momentum flow of the optical field. Counterintuitively and in contrast to previous results, we demonstrate that even under positive temperatures, the ground state of the fiber is not always the most populated in terms of power. Instead, because of OAM, the thermalization processes may favor higher order modes. A new equation of state is derived along with an extended Euler equation -- resulting from the extensivity of the entropy itself. By monitoring the nonlinear interaction between two multimoded optical wavefronts with opposite spins, we show that the exchange of angular momentum is dictated by the difference in OAM temperatures, in full accord with the second law of thermodynamics. The theoretical analysis presented here is corroborated by numerical simulations that take into account the complex nonlinear dynamics of hundreds of modes. Our results may pave the way towards high power optical sources with controllable orbital angular momenta, and at a more fundamental level, could shed light on the physics of other complex multimoded nonlinear bosonic systems that display additional conservation laws.
Diffraction gratings based on multilayer silicon nitride waveguide with high upward efficiency and large effective length
Creators: name: Li, Wen-ling
name: Liu, Jing-wei
name: Cheng, Guo-an
name: Huang, Qing-zhong
name: Zheng, Rui-ting
name: Wu, Xiao-ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78A10(Primary), 78A45(Secondary)

description: Diffraction gratings with high upward diffraction efficiency and large effective length are required for chip-scale light detection and ranging. In this paper, we propose a diffraction grating based on a multilayer silicon nitride waveguide, which theoretically achieves an upward diffraction efficiency of 92$\%$, a near-field effective length of 376 $μm$ and a far-field divergence angle of 0.105$^{\circ}$ at a wavelength of 850 nm. The diffraction grating has a high tolerance to process variations based on Monte Carlo Analysis. When the conditions are $\pm$5$\%$ layer thickness variation, $\pm$50 nm lithographic variation and $\pm$20 nm wavelength drift, more than 71$\%$ of the grating samples have a diffraction efficiency higher than 80$\%$, and 100$\%$ of the samples have an effective length larger than 200 $μm$ (corresponding to a far-field divergence <0.2$ ^{\circ}$). Furthermore, the near-field effective length of the grating with an upward diffraction efficiency above 90$\%$ can be adjusted from hundreds of microns to centimeters by changing the etching layer thickness and the grating duty cycle. This diffraction grating has potential application in optical sensing and imaging from visible to near-infrared wavelengths.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, research article
SDSS-IV MaNGA: Understanding Ionized Gas Turbulence using Integral Field Spectroscopy of 4500 Star-Forming Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Law, David R.
name: Belfiore, Francesco
name: Bershady, Matthew A.
name: Cappellari, Michele
name: Drory, Niv
name: Masters, Karen L.
name: Westfall, Kyle B.
name: Bizyaev, Dmitry
name: Bundy, Kevin
name: Pan, Kaike
name: Yan, Renbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sloan Digital Sky Survey MaNGA program has now obtained integral field spectroscopy for over 10,000 galaxies in the nearby universe. We use the final MaNGA data release DR17 to study the correlation between ionized gas velocity dispersion and galactic star formation rate, finding a tight correlation in which sigma_Ha from galactic HII regions increases significantly from ~ 18-30 km/s broadly in keeping with previous studies. In contrast, sigma_Ha from diffuse ionized gas (DIG) increases more rapidly from 20-60 km/s. Using the statistical power of MaNGA, we investigate these correlations in greater detail using multiple emission lines and determine that the observed correlation of sigma_Ha with local star formation rate surface density is driven primarily by the global relation of increasing velocity dispersion at higher total SFR, as are apparent correlations with stellar mass. Assuming HII region models consistent with our finding that sigma_[O III] < sigma_Ha < sigma_[O I], we estimate the velocity dispersion of the molecular gas in which individual HII regions are embedded, finding values sigma_Mol = 5-30 km/s consistent with ALMA observations in a similar mass range. Finally, we use variations in the relation with inclination and disk azimuthal angle to constrain the velocity dispersion ellipsoid of the ionized gas sigma_z/sigma_r = 0.84 +- 0.03 and sigma_phi/sigma_r = 0.91 +- 0.03, similar to that of young stars in the Galactic disk. Our results are most consistent with theoretical models in which turbulence in modern galactic disks is driven primarily by star formation feedback.
description: 23 pages, 18 figures. Revised version accepted for publication in ApJ
Sample size for comparing negative binomial rates in noninferiority and equivalence trials with unequal follow-up times
Creators: name: Yongqiang Tang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We derive the sample size formulae for comparing two negative binomial rates based on both the relative and absolute rate difference metrics in noninferiority and equivalence trials with unequal follow-up times, and establish an approximate relationship between the sample sizes required for the treatment comparison based on the two treatment effect metrics. The proposed method allows the dispersion parameter to vary by treatment groups. The accuracy of these methods is assessed by simulations. It is demonstrated that ignoring the between-subject variation in the follow-up time by setting the follow-up time for all individuals to be the mean follow-up time may greatly underestimate the required size, resulting in underpowered studies. Methods are provided for back-calculating the dispersion parameter based on the published summary results.
iPTF 16asu Revisited: A Rapidly Evolving Superluminous Broad-Lined Ic Supernova?
Creators: name: Wang, Shan-Qin
name: Gan, Wen-Pei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we fit the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of iPTF 16asu that has so far been classified as a luminous rapidly evolving broad-lined Ic supernova (SN Ic-BL), and re-construct its post-peak bolometric light curve. We find that the luminosity of the post-peak bolometric light curve of iPTF 16asu is about 3 times that of the pseudo-bolometric light curve derived in the literature, and the extrapolated peak luminosity exceeds $\sim 10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$, which is higher than the threshold of superluminous SNe (SLSNe). We then use the $^{56}$Ni model and the magnetar plus $^{56}$Ni model to fit the multi-band light curves of iPTF 16asu, and construct the theoretical bolometric light curve using the best-fitting theoretical multi-band light curves. We find that the magnetar plus $^{56}$Ni model can account for the photometry of iPTF~16asu, and the peak luminosity of its theoretical bolometric light curve is $\sim 1.06\times 10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$. We suggest that iPTF~16asu and similar SNe (e.g., SN 2018gep) constitute the class of rapidly evolving SLSNe Ic-BL.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Paratexte_Le Petit atelier de l'amateur
Creators: name: AmateurS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Paratexte
description: ID_PARA_00719
Natanzon-Orlov model and refined superintegrability
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Mishnyakov, V.
name: Morozov, A.
name: Zhabin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the simple matrix model description of Hurwitz numbers proposed by S. Natanzon and A. Orlov, which uses the superintegrability property of the complex matrix model, and discuss a way of its possible supersymmetric extension to approach spin Hurwitz numbers.
description: 6 pages