cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electric and magnetic response to the continuum for A=7 isobars in a dicluster model
Creators: name: Mason, A.
name: Chatterjee, R.
name: Fortunato, L.
name: Vitturi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mirror isobars $^7$Li and $^7$Be are investigated in a dicluster model. The magnetic dipole moments and the magnetic dipole response to the continuum are calculated in this framework. The magnetic contribution is found to be small with respect to electric dipole and quadrupole excitations even at astrophysical energies, at a variance with the case of deuteron. Energy weighted molecular sum rules are evaluated and a formula for the molecular magnetic dipole sum rule is found which matches the numerical calculations. Cross-sections for photo-dissociation and radiative capture as well as the S-factor for reactions of astrophysical significance are calculated with good agreement with known experimental data.
description: Accepted in EPJA
Emergent Universe Scenario in the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity with Dilaton
Creators: name: Paul, B C
name: Ghose, S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain cosmological solutions which admit emergent universe (EU) scenario in the framework of Einstein Gauss-Bonnet gravity coupled with a dilaton field in four dimensions. The coupling parameter of the Gauss-Bonnet terms and the dilaton in the theory are determined for obtaining an EU scenario. The corresponding dilaton potential which admits such scenario is determined. It is found that the Gauss- Bonnet (GB) terms coupled with a dilaton field plays an important role in describing the dynamics of the evolution of the early as well as the late universe. We note an interesting case where the GB term dominates initially in the asymptotic past regime, subsequently it decreases and thereafter its contribution in determining the dynamics of the evolution dominates once again. We note that the Einstein static universe solution permitted here is unstable which the asymptotic EU might follow. We also compare our EU model with supernova data.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures. to appear in Gen. Rel. Grav
On Some properties of Di-hadronic states
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, B.
name: Bhattachary, A.
name: Mani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The binding energies of di- hadronic states have been calculated assuming a 'molecular' interaction provided by the asymptotic expression of the residual confined gluon exchange potential between the component hadrons in the system. Meson- meson and meson- baryon states have been studied in detail and a mass formula has been used to calculate total mass of the 'molecules'.
description: 11 pages
Subwavelength Diffraction Management
Creators: name: Conforti, Matteo
name: Guasoni, Massimiliano
name: De Angelis, Costantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study light propagation in nanoscale periodic structures composed of dielectric and metal in the visible range. We demonstrate that diffraction can be tailored both in magnitude and in sign by varying the geometric features of the waveguides. Diffraction management on a subwavelength scale is demonstrated by numerical solution of Maxwell equations in frequency domain.
Transmission phase of a quantum dot: Testing the role of population switching
Creators: name: Goldstein, Moshe
name: Berkovits, Richard
name: Gefen, Yuval
name: Weidenmueller, Hans A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a controlled experiment to clarify the physical mechanism causing phase lapses of the amplitude for electron transmission through nanoscale devices. Such lapses are generically observed in valleys between adjacent Coulomb--blockade peaks. The experiment involves two quantum dots embedded in the same arm of an Aharonov--Bohm interferometer. It offers a decisive test of "population switching", one of the leading contenders for an explanation of the phenomenon.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The infrared emission spectra of compositionally inhomogeneous aggregates composed of irregularly shaped constituents
Creators: name: Min, M.
name: Hovenier, J. W.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
name: de Koter, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to deduce properties of dust in astrophysical environments where dust growth through aggregation is important, knowledge of the way aggregated particles interact with radiation, and what information is encoded in the thermal radiation they emit, is needed. The emission characteristics are determined by the size and structure of the aggregate and the composition and shape of the constituents. We thus aim at performing computations of compositionally inhomogeneous aggregates composed of irregularly shaped constituents. In addition we aim at developing an empirical recipe to compute the optical properties of such aggregates in a fast and accurate manner. We performed CDA computations for aggregates of irregularly shaped particles with various compositions. The constituents of the aggregate are assumed to be in the Rayleigh regime, and in addition we assume that the dominant interaction of the aggregate constituents is through dipole-dipole interactions. We computed the spectral structure of the emission efficiency in the 10 micron region for aggregates with 30% amorphous carbon and 70% silicates by volume with various fractions of crystalline and amorphous components. We find that the spectral appearance of the various components of the aggregate are very different and depend on their abundances. Most notably, materials that have a very low abundance appear spectroscopically as if they were in very small grains, while more abundant materials appear, spectroscopically to reside in larger grains. We construct a fast empirical approximate method, based on the idea of an effective medium approximation, to construct the spectra for these aggregates which almost perfectly reproduces the more exact computations. This new method is fast enough to be easily implemented in fitting procedures.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Extraordinary transverse spin: Hidden vorticity of the energy flow and momentum distributions in propagating light fields
Creators: name: Bekshaev, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatially inhomogeneous fields of electromagnetic guided modes exhibit a complex of extraordinary dynamical properties such as the polarization-dependent transverse momentum, helicity-independent transverse spin, spin-associated non-reciprocity and unidirectional propagation, etc. Recently, the remarkable relationship has been established between the spin and propagation features of such fields, expressed through the spin-momentum equations [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 118 (2021) e2018816118] connecting the wave spin with the curl of momentum. Here, the meaning, limitations and specific forms of this correspondence are further investigated, involving the physically transparent and consistent examples of paraxial light fields, plane-wave superpositions and evanescent waves. The conclusion is inferred that the spin-momentum equation is an attribute of guided waves with well defined direction of propagation, and it unites the helicity-independent "extraordinary" transverse spin with the spatially-inhomogeneous longitudinal field momentum (energy flow) density. Physical analogies with the layered hydrodynamic flows and possible generalizations for other wave fields are discussed. The results can be useful in optical trapping, manipulation and the data processing techniques.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
2019 IEEE General Meeting Misc. 8/8 Panel Presentations v1
Creators: T. Zheng
R. Fan
A. Giacomoni
J. Lauletta
G. Carpinelli
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

2019 IEEE General Meeting Misc. 8/8 Panel Presentations
This product contains 5 presentations from the following Thursday, August 8th panel sessions:
1. Panel: Coupling of Electric Power and Natural Gas Systems
    Presentation: Gas-Electric Coordination at ISO New England
2. Panel: Dynamic State Estimation for Power System Monitoring, Protection and Control � Paving the Way for a More Resilient Grid
    Presentation: Power System Dynamic State Estimation Based Protection and Fault Location
3. Panel: Modernizing Renewable Generation Support and Market Policies: From Niche to Normal
    Presentation: Integrating Renewable Energy into PJM's Wholesale Electricity Markets
4. Panel: Reliability, Resilience & Risk: The New 3 R�s of the Industry
    Presentation: Distribution Grid Reliability Assessment
5. Panel: Probabilistic Energy Forecasting
    Presentation: Probabilistic Industrial Load Forecasting
Toward Extreme Fast Charging: Challenges and Opportunities in Directly Connecting to MV Line
Creators: Srdjan Srdic
PhD and Srdjan M. Lukic
PhD
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

The current state-of-the-art in fast charging technologies will be presented in this webinar. The state-of-the-art dc fast chargers, their design and main characteristics, as well as the ways in which these chargers can be combined to form fast charging stations that mimic the functionality of a gasoline refueling station, will be discussed. The power delivery concepts for these charging stations, advantages and disadvantages of the current and proposed approaches will be reviewed. Finally, a novel approach will be presented, where charging station connects directly to the medium voltage line, thus eliminating a number of power electronics conversion stages, as well as the low-frequency step down transformer. The significant benefits of this technology when considering extreme fast charging rates will be discussed, and the key technology gaps in making this technology more widely adopted will be identified.
The current state-of-the-art in fast charging technologies will be presented in this webinar. The state-of-the-art dc fast chargers, their design and main characteristics, as well as the ways in which these chargers can be combined to form fast charging stations that mimic the functionality of a gasoline refueling station, will be discussed. The power delivery concepts for these charging stations, advantages and disadvantages of the current and proposed approaches will be reviewed. Finally, a novel approach will be presented, where charging station connects directly to the medium voltage line, thus eliminating a number of power electronics conversion stages, as well as the low-frequency step down transformer. The significant benefits of this technology when considering extreme fast charging rates will be discussed, and the key technology gaps in making this technology more widely adopted will be identified.
N-flation from multiple DBI type actions
Creators: name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Xue, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we present a new N-flation model constructed by making use of multiple scalar fields which are being described by their own DBI action. We show that the dependence of the e-folding number and of the curvature perturbation on the number of fields changes compared with the normal N-flation model. Our model is also quite different from the usual DBI N-flation which is still based on one DBI action but involves many moduli components. Some specific examples of our model have been analyzed.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Probability for Primordial Black Holes in Multidimensional Universe with Nonlinear Scalar Curvature Terms
Creators: name: Paul, B C
name: Saha, A
name: Ghose, S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate multi-dimensional universe with nonlinear scalar curvature terms to evaluate the probability of creation of primordial black holes. For this we obtain Euclidean instanton solution in two different topologies: (a) $S^{D-1}$ - topology which does not accommodate primordial black holes and (b) $S^1\times S^{D-2}$-topology which accommodates a pair of black holes. The probability for quantum creation of an inflationary universe with a pair of black holes has been evaluated assuming a gravitational action which is described by a polynomial function of scalar curvature with or without a cosmological constant ($Λ$) using the framework of semiclassical approximation of Hartle-Hawking boundary conditions. We discuss here a class of new gravitational instantons solution in the $R^4$-theory which are relevant for cosmological model building.
description: 18 pages, no figure. accepted in Phys. Rev. D
La dimensione mediterranea nelle relazioni esterne dell’Unione dopo la primavera araba
Creators: name: Cafaro, Susanna
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo"
Year: 2014

description: [The Mediterranean Dimension of the European Union's External Relations after the Arab Spring] Ever since the foundation of the European Economic Community, the EU has been paying special attention to the Mediterranean dimension. The relationships with the Mediterranean neighbour countries are based rather on geopolitical than on economic reasons. They are characterized by the continuous oscillation between bilateral and multilateral instruments. The Barcelona Process, the European Neighbourhood Policy and the Union for the Mediterranean belong to the first category of tools. Mutual dialogue is, nonetheless, still grounded on the bilateral dimension, namely on  association agreements. Due to the Arab Spring these legal instruments have been put on standby. A new approach has been introduced. The Euro-Mediterranean relations are now, as it seems, inspired by caution and pragmatism.
description: Cultura giuridica e diritto vivente, Vol 1 (2014)
Relativistic aspects of orbital and magnetic anisotropies in the chemical bonding and structure of lanthanide molecules
Creators: name: Tiesinga, Eite
name: Klos, Jacek
name: Li, Ming
name: Petrov, Alexander
name: Kotochigova, Svetlana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of magnetic lanthanide atoms is fascinating from a fundamental perspective. They have electrons in a submerged open 4f shell lying beneath a filled 6s shell with strong relativistic correlations leading to a large magnetic moment and large electronic orbital angular momentum. This large angular momentum leads to strong anisotropies, i. e. orientation dependencies, in their mutual interactions. The long-ranged molecular anisotropies are crucial for proposals to use ultracold lanthanide atoms in spin-based quantum computers, the realization of exotic states in correlated matter, and the simulation of orbitronics found in magnetic technologies. Short-ranged interactions and bond formation among these atomic species have thus far not been well characterized. Efficient relativistic computations are required. Here, for the first time we theoretically determine the electronic and ro-vibrational states of heavy homonuclear lanthanide Er2 and Tm2 molecules by applying state-of-the-art relativistic methods. In spite of the complexity of their internal structure, we were able to obtain reliable spin-orbit and correlation-induced splittings between the 91 Er2 and 36 Tm2 electronic potentials dissociating to two ground-state atoms. A tensor analysis allows us to expand the potentials between the atoms in terms of a sum of seven spin-spin tensor operators simplifying future research. The strengths of the tensor operators as functions of atom separation are presented and relationships among the strengths, derived from the dispersive long-range interactions, are explained. Finally, low-lying spectroscopically relevant ro-vibrational energy levels are computed with coupled-channels calculations and analyzed.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
2019 IEEE General Meeting Misc. Presentations
Creators: S. Aokalani-Wright
D. Christensen
S. Kahrobaee
R. Sherick
G. Sansavini
K. Lewis
H. Aki
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

2019 IEEE General Meeting Misc. Presentations
This product contains 7 presentations from the general meeting:
1. Presentation: How do we solve a problem like DER?
2. Presentation: Utility Use Cases, Legal and Regulatory Challenges for Blockchain in Energy
3. Presentation: Tactical Curtailment of PV Generation to Improve Utilization of Hosting Capactiy
4. Presentation: Distributed Controls and Grid Design
5. Presentation: Engineering Energy Networks Facing Global Transition From Predicting Cascading Failures to Optimizing System Safety
6. Presentation: Leveraging Data for Effective Resilience Planning
7. Presentation: Blackout in Hokkaido Island by Eastern Iburi Earthquake in 2018
Magnetic Fields in Massive Star-Forming Regions (MagMaR) II. Tomography Through Dust and Molecular Line Polarization in NGC 6334I(N)
Creators: name: Cortes, Paulo C.
name: Sanhueza, Patricio
name: Houde, Martin
name: Martin, Sergio
name: Hull, Charles L. H.
name: Girart, Josep M.
name: Zhang, Qizhou
name: Fernandez-Lopez, Manuel
name: Zapata, Luis A.
name: Stephens, Ian W.
name: Li, Hua-bai
name: Wu, Benjamin
name: Olguin, Fernando
name: Lu, Xing
name: Guzman, Andres E.
name: Nakamura, Fumitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we report ALMA detections of polarized emission from dust, CS($J=5 \rightarrow 4$), and C$^{33}$S($J=5 \rightarrow 4$) toward the high-mass star-forming region NGC6334I(N). A clear ``hourglass'' magnetic field morphology was inferred from the polarized dust emission which is also directly seen from the polarized CS emission across velocity, where the polarization appears to be parallel to the field. By considering previous findings, the field retains a pinched shape which can be traced to clump length-scales from the envelope scales traced by ALMA, suggesting that the field is dynamically important across multiple length-scales in this region. The CS total intensity emission is found to be optically thick ($τ_{\mathrm{CS}} = 32 \pm 12$) while the C$^{33}$S emission appears to be optically thin ($τ_{\mathrm{C^{33}S}} = 0.1 \pm 0.01$). This suggests that sources of anisotropy other than large velocity gradients, i.e. anisotropies in the radiation field are required to explain the polarized emission from CS seen by ALMA. By using four variants of the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi technique and the angle dispersion function methods (ADF), we obtain an average of estimates for the magnetic field strength onto the plane of the sky of $\left< \mathrm{B}_{\mathrm{pos}} \right> = 16$ mG from the dust and $\left< \mathrm{B}_{\mathrm{pos}} \right> \sim 2$ mG from the CS emission, where each emission traces different molecular hydrogen number densities. This effectively enables a tomographic view of the magnetic field within a single ALMA observation.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
New Constraints on Radiative Decay of Long-Lived Particles in Big Bang Nucleosynthesis with New $^4$He Photodisintegration Data
Creators: name: Kusakabe, Motohiko
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
name: Yoshida, Takashi
name: Shima, Tatsushi
name: Nagai, Yasuki
name: Kii, Toshiteru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent measurement of $^4$He photodisintegration reactions, $^4$He($γ$,$p$)$^3$H and $^4$He($γ$,$n$)$^3$He with laser-Compton photons shows smaller cross sections than those estimated by other previous experiments at $E_γ\lesssim 30$ MeV. We study big-bang nucleosynthesis with the radiative particle decay using the new photodisintegration cross sections of $^4$He as well as previous data. The sensitivity of the yields of all light elements D, T, $^3$He, $^4$He, $^6$Li, $^7$Li and $^7$Be to the cross sections is investigated. The change of the cross sections has an influence on the non-thermal yields of D, $^3$He and $^4$He. On the other hand, the non-thermal $^6$Li production is not sensitive to the change of the cross sections at this low energy, since the non-thermal secondary synthesis of $^6$Li needs energetic photons of $E_γ\gtrsim 50$ MeV. The non-thermal nucleosynthesis triggered by the radiative particle decay is one of candidates of the production mechanism of $^6$Li observed in metal-poor halo stars (MPHSs). In the parameter region of the radiative particle lifetime and the emitted photon energy which satisfies the $^6$Li production above the abundance level observed in MPHSs, the change of the photodisintegration cross sections at $E_γ\lesssim 30$ MeV as measured in the recent experiment leads to $\sim 10$% reduction of resulting $^3$He abundance, whereas the $^6$Li abundance does not change for this change of the cross sections of $^4$He($γ$,$p$)$^3$H and $^4$He($γ$,$n$)$^3$He. The $^6$Li abundance, however, could show a sizable change and therefore the future precise measurement of the cross sections at high energy $E_γ\gtrsim$ 50 MeV is highly required.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, conclusion not changed, to be published in PRD
Using Localized Twitter Activity for Red Tide Impact Assessment
Creators: name: Skripnikov, A.
name: Wagner, N.
name: Shafer, J.
name: Beck, M.
name: Sherwood, E.
name: Burke, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Red tide blooms of the dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (K. brevis) produce toxic coastal conditions that can impact marine organisms and human health, while also affecting local economies. During the extreme Florida red tide event of 2017-2019, residents and visitors turned to social media platforms to both receive disaster-related information and communicate their own sentiments and experiences. This was the first major red tide event since the ubiquitous use of social media, thus providing unique crowd-sourced reporting of red tide impacts. We evaluated the spatial and temporal accuracy of red tide topic activity on Twitter, taking tweet sentiments and user types (e.g. media, citizens) into consideration, and compared tweet activity with reported red tide conditions, such as K. brevis cell counts, levels of dead fish and respiratory irritation on local beaches. The analysis was done on multiple levels with respect to both locality (e.g., entire Gulf coast, county-level, city-level, zip code tabulation areas) and temporal frequencies (e.g. daily, every three days, weekly), resulting in strong correlations between local per-capita Twitter activity and the actual red tide conditions observed in the area. Moreover, an association was observed between proximity to the affected coastal areas and per-capita counts for relevant tweets. Results show that Twitter is a reliable proxy of the red tide's local impacts and development over time, which can potentially be used as one of the tools for more efficient assessment and a more coordinated response to the disaster in real time.
description: 40 pages,11 figures (27 image files though), 5 tables, submitted to "Harmful Algae"
Diffusion Spreadability as a Probe of the Microstructure of Complex Media Across Length Scales
Creators: name: Torquato, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider the time-dependent problem of mass transfer of a solute between two phases and assume that the solute is initially distributed in one phase (phase 2) and absent from the other (phase 1). We desire the fraction of total solute present in phase 1 as a function of time, ${\cal S}(t)$, which we call the {\it spreadability}, since it is a measure of the spreadability of diffusion information as a function of time. We derive exact direct-space formulas for ${\cal S}(t)$ in any Euclidean space dimension $d$ in terms of the autocovariance function as well as corresponding Fourier representations of ${\cal S}(t)$ in terms of the spectral density. We derive closed-form general formulas for the short- and long-time behaviors of the spreadability in terms of crucial small- and large-scale microstructural information, respectively. The long-time behavior of ${\cal S}(t)$ enables one to distinguish the entire spectrum of microstructures that span from hyperuniform to nonhyperuniform media. For hyperuniform media, disordered or not, we show that the "excess" spreadability, ${\cal S}(\infty)-{\cal S}(t)$, decays to its long-time behavior exponentially faster than that of any nonhyperuniform two-phase medium, the "slowest" being antihyperuniform media. The stealthy hyperuniform class is characterized by an excess spreadability with the fastest decay rate among all translationally invariant microstructures. Moreover, we establish a remarkable connection between the spreadability and an outstanding problem in discrete geometry, namely, microstructures with "fast" spreadabilities are also those that can be derived from efficient "coverings" of space. We also identify heretofore unnoticed remarkable links between the spreadability ${\cal S}(t)$ and NMR pulsed field gradient spin-echo amplitude as well as diffusion MRI measurements.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Gas Evolution in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Woitke, Peter
name: Dent, Bill
name: Thi, Wing-Fai
name: Sibthorpe, Bruce
name: Rice, Ken
name: Williams, Jonathan
name: Sicilia-Aguilar, Aurora
name: Brown, Joanna
name: Kamp, Inga
name: Pascucci, Ilaria
name: Alexander, Richard
name: Roberge, Aki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article summarizes a Splinter Session at the Cool Stars XV conference in St. Andrews with 3 review and 4 contributed talks. The speakers have discussed various approaches to understand the structure and evolution of the gas component in protoplanetary disks. These ranged from observational spectroscopy in the UV, infrared and millimeter, through to chemical and hydrodynamical models. The focus was on disks around low-mass stars, ranging from classical T Tauri stars to transitional disks and debris disks. Emphasis was put on water and organic molecules, the relation to planet formation, and the formation of holes and gaps in the inner regions.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
3-D Model of Broadband Emission from Supernova Remnants Undergoing Non-linear Diffusive Shock Acceleration
Creators: name: Lee, Shiu-Hang
name: Kamae, Tsuneyoshi
name: Ellison, Donald C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 3-dimensional model of supernova remnants (SNRs) where the hydrodynamical evolution of the remnant is modeled consistently with nonlinear diffusive shock acceleration occuring at the outer blast wave. The model includes particle escape and diffusion outside of the forward shock, and particle interactions with arbitrary distributions of external ambient material, such as molecular clouds. We include synchrotron emission and cooling, bremsstrahlung radiation, neutral pion production, inverse-Compton (IC), and Coulomb energy-loss. Boardband spectra have been calculated for typical parameters including dense regions of gas external to a 1000 year old SNR. In this paper, we describe the details of our model but do not attempt a detailed fit to any specific remnant. We also do not include magnetic field amplification (MFA), even though this effect may be important in some young remnants. In this first presentation of the model we don't attempt a detailed fit to any specific remnant. Our aim is to develop a flexible platform, which can be generalized to include effects such as MFA, and which can be easily adapted to various SNR environments, including Type Ia SNRs, which explode in a constant density medium, and Type II SNRs, which explode in a pre-supernova wind. When applied to a specific SNR, our model will predict cosmic-ray spectra and multi-wavelength morphology in projected images for instruments with varying spatial and spectral resolutions. We show examples of these spectra and images and emphasize the importance of measurements in the hard X-ray, GeV, and TeV gamma-ray bands for investigating key ingredients in the acceleration mechanism, and for deducing whether or not TeV emission is produced by IC from electrons or neutral pions from protons.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted by Apj, 24 June 2008
Time-Minimal Control of Dissipative Two-level Quantum Systems: the Generic Case
Creators: name: Bonnard, B.
name: Chyba, M.
name: Sugny, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 49K15, 70Q05

description: The objective of this article is to complete preliminary results concerning the time-minimal control of dissipative two-level quantum systems whose dynamics is governed by Lindblad equations. The extremal system is described by a 3D-Hamiltonian depending upon three parameters. We combine geometric techniques with numerical simulations to deduce the optimal solutions.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures. submitted to IEEE transactions on automatic control
Deconvolution with Shapelets
Creators: name: Melchior, Peter
name: Andrae, Rene
name: Maturi, Matteo
name: Bartelmann, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We seek to find a shapelet-based scheme for deconvolving galaxy images from the PSF which leads to unbiased shear measurements. Based on the analytic formulation of convolution in shapelet space, we construct a procedure to recover the unconvolved shapelet coefficients under the assumption that the PSF is perfectly known. Using specific simulations, we test this approach and compare it to other published approaches. We show that convolution in shapelet space leads to a shapelet model of order $n_{max}^h = n_{max}^g + n_{max}^f$ with $n_{max}^f$ and $n_{max}^g$ being the maximum orders of the intrinsic galaxy and the PSF models, respectively. Deconvolution is hence a transformation which maps a certain number of convolved coefficients onto a generally smaller number of deconvolved coefficients. By inferring the latter number from data, we construct the maximum-likelihood solution for this transformation and obtain unbiased shear estimates with a remarkable amount of noise reduction compared to established approaches. This finding is particularly valid for complicated PSF models and low $S/N$ images, which renders our approach suitable for typical weak-lensing conditions.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to A&A
Neutrino-Nucleus scattering in the SuSA model
Creators: name: Amaro, J. E.
name: Barbaro, M. B.
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Donnelly, T. W.
name: Gonzalez-Jimenez, R.
name: Megias, G. D.
name: Simo, I. Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Super-Scaling Approach (SuSA) model, based on the analogies between electron and neutrino interactions with nuclei, is reviewed and its application to the description of neutrino-nucleus scattering is presented. The contribution of both one- and two-body relativistic currents is considered. A selection of results is presented where theoretical predictions are compared with cross section measurements from the main ongoing neutrino oscillation experiments.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures; submitted to EPJ-ST
Breakdown of the mean-field approximation in a wealth distribution model
Creators: name: Medo, Matus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: One of the key socioeconomic phenomena to explain is the distribution of wealth. Bouchaud and Mézard have proposed an interesting model of economy [Bouchaud and Mézard (2000)] based on trade and investments of agents. In the mean-field approximation, the model produces a stationary wealth distribution with a power-law tail. In this paper we examine characteristic time scales of the model and show that for any finite number of agents, the validity of the mean-field result is time-limited and the model in fact has no stationary wealth distribution. Further analysis suggests that for heterogeneous agents, the limitations are even stronger. We conclude with general implications of the presented results.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Charge Excitations in Cuprate and Nickelate in Resonant Inelastic X-Ray Scattering
Creators: name: Takahashi, Manabu
name: Igarashi, Junichi
name: Semba, Taeko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra at the Cu and Ni K edges in La2CuO4 and La2NiO4, respectively. We make use of the Keldysh-Green-function formalism, in which the RIXS intensity is described by a product of incident-photon-dependent factor and density-density correlation function in the 3d states. The former factor is calculated using the $4p$ density of states given by an ab initio band structure calculation and the latter using the wavefunctions given by a Hartree-Fock calculation of a multi-orbital tight-binding model. The initial state is described within the Hartree-Fock approximation and the electron correlations on charge excitations are treated within the random phase approximation. The calculated RIXS spectra well reproduce several characteristic features in the experiments. Although several groups have interpreted the RIXS peaks as bound excitons, our calculation indicates that they should be interpreted as band-to-band excitations augmented by electron correlations. The difference in RIXS spectra between La2CuO4 and La2NiO4 is explained from this point of view.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, International Conference on Quantum Simulators and Design 2008, To be published in Journal of Physics:Condensed Matter
MARKAZIY PARALLEL PROETKSIYALASH VA ULARNING XOSSALARI
Creators: name: Zaxiriddinova, Shaxlo
name: Mamadaliyeva, Mashxura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Markaziy parallel proektsiyalash va uning xossalari mavzusi geometriya va kartografiya sohalarida muhim ahamiyatga ega. Ushbu mavzuda o'rganiladigan asosiy masalalar – proektsiya usulining geometrik xususiyatlari, markaziy parallel proektsiyalarni ishlatishdagi afzalliklar va kamchiliklar, shuningdek, ularning xarita va tasvirlarni yaratishda qanday qo'llanilishi. Markaziy parallel proektsiyalar, asosan, sferik yuzalardagi nuqtalarni yassi yuzaga o'tkazish uchun ishlatiladi, bu esa geografik va astronomik xaritalar yaratishda muhim ahamiyatga ega. Maqolada markaziy parallel proektsiyaning asosiy turlari, ularning geometrik xususiyatlari va amaliy qo'llanilishi, shuningdek, bunday proektsiyaning xatoliklar va aniqlikdagi ta'siri tahlil qilinadi. Bunday tahlillar ilmiy tadqiqotlar va mutaxassislarning bu usulni yanada rivojlantirishga bo'lgan qiziqishini oshirishga yordam beradi.
M-Theory Superalgebra From Multiple Membranes
Creators: name: Furuuchi, Kazuyuki
name: Shih, Sheng-Yu Darren
name: Takimi, Tomohisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate space-time supersymmetry of the model of multiple M2-branes proposed by Bagger-Lambert and Gustavsson. When there is a central element in Lie 3-algebra, the model possesses an extra symmetry shifting the fermions in the central element. Together with the original worldvolume supersymmetry transformation, we construct major part of the eleven dimensional space-time super-Poincaré algebra with central extensions. Implications to transverse five-branes in the matrix model for M-theory are also discussed.
description: v1 1+17 pages; v2 refs added
Invariant tensors and cellular categories
Creators: name: Westbury, Bruce W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G42

description: Let U be the quantised enveloping algebra associated to a Cartan matrix of finite type. Let W be the tensor product of a finite list of highest weight representations of U. Then the centraliser algebra of W has a basis called the dual canonical basis which gives an integral form. We show that this integral form is cellular by using results due to Lusztig.
description: 6 pages; to appear in Journal of Algebra
Anomalous Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in Heavy-Fermion PrFe4P12
Creators: name: Sugawara, H.
name: Kuramochi, E.
name: Namiki, T.
name: Matsuda, T. D.
name: Aoki, Y.
name: Sato, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the anisotropy of the magnetoresistance in the Pr-based HF compound PrFe4P12. The large anisotropy of effective mass and its strong field dependence have been confirmed by resistivity measurements. Particularly for H||[111], where the effective mass is most strongly enhanced, the non-Fermi liquid behavior has been observed. Also, we have found the angular dependence of the magnetoresistance sharply enhanced at H||[111], which is evidently correlated with both the non-Fermi liquid behavior and the high-field ordered state (B-phase).
description: 3 pages, 3 figures. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.77, No.8, in press
Energetics in Condensate Star and Wormholes
Creators: name: Nandi, K. K.
name: Zhang, Y. Z.
name: Cai, R. G.
name: Panchenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the total gravitational energy in localized sources having static spherical symmetry and satisfying energy conditions is negative (attractive gravity). A natural query is how the gravitational energy behaves under circumstances where energy conditions are violated. To answer this, the known expression for the gravitational energy is suitably modified to account for situations like the ones occurring in wormhole spacetime. It is then exemplified that in many cases the modified expression yields desirable answers. The implications are discussed.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, references added, To appear in PRD
About the maximal rank of 3-tensors over the real and the complex number field
Creators: name: Sumi, Toshio
name: Miyazaki, Mitsuhiro
name: Sakata, Toshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A69, 15A72, 14Q99, 14M12, 14M99

description: High dimensional array data, tensor data, is becoming important in recent days. Then maximal rank of tensors is important in theory and applications. In this paper we consider the maximal rank of 3 tensors. It can be attacked from various viewpoints, however, we trace the method of Atkinson-Stephens(1979) and Atkinson-Lloyd(1980). They treated the problem in the complex field, and we will present various bounds over the real field by proving several lemmas and propositions, which is real counterparts of their results.
description: 13 pages, no figure v2: correction and improvement
New Physics Searches at BaBar
Creators: name: Renga, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will present the most recent results from the BABAR Collaboration concerning New Physics searches in rare B and Lepton Flavour Violating (LFV) decays, including b --> s transitions, purely leptonic B decays and LFV tau decays.
description: 6 pages,1 figure, presented at SUSY08
Convolutional Neural Networks with Gated Recurrent Connections
Creators: name: Wang, Jianfeng
name: Hu, Xiaolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The convolutional neural network (CNN) has become a basic model for solving many computer vision problems. In recent years, a new class of CNNs, recurrent convolution neural network (RCNN), inspired by abundant recurrent connections in the visual systems of animals, was proposed. The critical element of RCNN is the recurrent convolutional layer (RCL), which incorporates recurrent connections between neurons in the standard convolutional layer. With increasing number of recurrent computations, the receptive fields (RFs) of neurons in RCL expand unboundedly, which is inconsistent with biological facts. We propose to modulate the RFs of neurons by introducing gates to the recurrent connections. The gates control the amount of context information inputting to the neurons and the neurons' RFs therefore become adaptive. The resulting layer is called gated recurrent convolution layer (GRCL). Multiple GRCLs constitute a deep model called gated RCNN (GRCNN). The GRCNN was evaluated on several computer vision tasks including object recognition, scene text recognition and object detection, and obtained much better results than the RCNN. In addition, when combined with other adaptive RF techniques, the GRCNN demonstrated competitive performance to the state-of-the-art models on benchmark datasets for these tasks. The codes are released at \href{https://github.com/Jianf-Wang/GRCNN}{https://github.com/Jianf-Wang/GRCNN}.
description: Accepted by TPAMI. An extension of our previous NeurIPS 2017 paper "Gated recurrent convolution neural network for OCR". We demonstrate the good performance of GRCNN on image classification and object detection. Codes are available at: https://github.com/Jianf-Wang/GRCNN
Interpolation variable rate image compression
Creators: name: Sun, Zhenhong
name: Tan, Zhiyu
name: Sun, Xiuyu
name: Zhang, Fangyi
name: Qian, Yichen
name: Li, Dongyang
name: Li, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compression standards have been used to reduce the cost of image storage and transmission for decades. In recent years, learned image compression methods have been proposed and achieved compelling performance to the traditional standards. However, in these methods, a set of different networks are used for various compression rates, resulting in a high cost in model storage and training. Although some variable-rate approaches have been proposed to reduce the cost by using a single network, most of them brought some performance degradation when applying fine rate control. To enable variable-rate control without sacrificing the performance, we propose an efficient Interpolation Variable-Rate (IVR) network, by introducing a handy Interpolation Channel Attention (InterpCA) module in the compression network. With the use of two hyperparameters for rate control and linear interpolation, the InterpCA achieves a fine PSNR interval of 0.001 dB and a fine rate interval of 0.0001 Bits-Per-Pixel (BPP) with 9000 rates in the IVR network. Experimental results demonstrate that the IVR network is the first variable-rate learned method that outperforms VTM 9.0 (intra) in PSNR and Multiscale Structural Similarity (MS-SSIM).
The radii of the nearby K5V and K7V stars 61 Cyg A & B - CHARA/FLUOR interferometry and CESAM2k modeling
Creators: name: Kervella, Pierre
name: Mérand, Antoine
name: Pichon, Bernard
name: Thévenin, Frédéric
name: Heiter, Ulrike
name: Bigot, Lionel
name: Brummelaar, Theo A. Ten
name: Mcalister, Harold A.
name: Ridgway, Stephen T.
name: Turner, Nils
name: Sturmann, Judit
name: Sturmann, Laszlo
name: Goldfinger, P. J.
name: Farrington, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The main sequence binary star 61 Cyg (K5V+K7V) is our nearest stellar neighbour in the northern hemisphere. This proximity makes it a particularly well suited system for very high accuracy interferometric radius measurements. Aims: Our goal is to constrain the poorly known evolutionary status and age of this bright binary star. Methods: We obtained high accuracy interferometric observations in the infrared K' band, using the CHARA/FLUOR instrument. We then computed evolutionary models of 61 Cyg A & B with the CESAM2k code. As model constraints, we used a combination of observational parameters from classical observation methods (photometry, spectroscopy) as well as our new interferometric radii. Results: The measured limb darkened disk angular diameters are theta_LD(A) = 1.775 +/- 0.013 mas and theta_LD(B) = 1.581 +/- 0.022 mas, respectively for 61 Cyg A and B. Considering the high accuracy parallaxes available, these values translate into photospheric radii of R(A) = 0.665 +/- 0.005 Rsun and R(B) = 0.595 +/- 0.008 Rsun. The new radii constrain efficiently the physical parameters adopted for the modeling of both stars, allowing us to predict asteroseismic frequencies based on our best-fit models. Conclusions: The CESAM2k evolutionary models indicate an age around 6 Gyrs and are compatible with small values of the mixing length parameter. The measurement of asteroseismic oscillation frequencies in 61 Cyg A & B would be of great value to improve the modeling of this important fiducial stellar system, in particular to better constrain the masses.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 8 pages
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Paul, Christophe
name: Bläser, Markus
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Mathematics of computing → Combinatorics
subject: Mathematics of computing → Graph theory
subject: Theory of computation → Formal languages and automata theory
subject: Theory of computation → Logic
subject: Theory of computation → Design and analysis of algorithms
subject: Theory of computation → Computational complexity and cryptography
subject: Theory of computation → Models of computation

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 154, 37th International Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS 2020), pages 0:i-0:xii