cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exact identification of the radion and its coupling to the observable sector
Creators: name: Kofman, Lev
name: Martin, Johannes
name: Peloso, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Braneworld models in extra dimensions can be tested in laboratory by the coupling of the radion to the Standard Model fields. The identification of the radion as a canonically normalized field involves a careful General Relativity treatment: if a bulk scalar is responsible for the stabilization of the system, its fluctuations are entangled with the perturbations of the metric and they also have to be taken into account (similarly to the well-developed theory of scalar metric perturbations in 4D cosmology with a scalar field). Extracting a proper dynamical variable in a warped geometry/scalar setting is a nontrivial task, performed so far only in the limit of negligible backreaction of the scalar field on the background geometry. We perform the general calculation, diagonalizing the action up to second order in the perturbations and identifying the physical eigenmodes of the system for any amplitude of the bulk scalar. This computation allows us to derive a very simple expression for the exact coupling of the eigenmodes to the Standard Model fields on the brane, valid for an arbitrary background configuration. As an application, we discuss the Goldberger-Wise mechanism for the stabilization of the radion in the Randall-Sundrum type models. The existing studies, limited to small amplitude of the bulk scalar field, are characterized by a radion mass which is significantly below the physical scale at the observable brane. We extend them beyond the small backreaction regime. For intermediate amplitudes, the radion mass approaches the electroweak scale, while its coupling to the observable brane remains nearly constant. At very high amplitudes, the radion mass instead decreases, while the coupling sharply increases. Severe experimental constraints are expected in this regime.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Dynamics in a Bistable-Element-Network with Delayed Coupling and Local Noise
Creators: name: Huber, Daniel
name: Tsimring, Lev S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of an ensemble of bistable elements under the influence of noise and with global time-delayed coupling is studied numerically by using a Langevin description and analytically by using 1) a Gaussian approximation and 2) a dichotomous model. We find that for a strong enough positive feedback the system undergoes a phase transition and adopts a non-zero stationary mean field. A variety of coexisting oscillatory mean field states are found for positive and negative couplings. The magnitude of the oscillatory states is maximal for a certain noise temperature, i.e., the system demonstrates the phenomenon of coherence resonance. While away form the transition points the system dynamics is well described by the Gaussian approximation, near the bifurcations it is more adequately described by the dichotomous model.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures. To be published in the proceedings of "The 3rd International Symposium on Slow Dynamics in Complex Systems", eds. M. Tokuyama, I. Oppenheim, AIP Conf. series
Global Majority E-Journal, vol. 03, no. 1, June 2012
Creators: name: Sandoval, Lindsay
name: Dossani, Salman
name: Winters, Christian
name: Romanow, Liza
name: Clark, Megan
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.). Department of Economics
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Description to be added
Lyapunov Modes and Time-Correlation Functions for Two-Dimensional Systems
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Tooru
name: Morriss, Gary P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between the Lyapunov modes (delocalized Lyapunov vectors) and the momentum autocorrelation function is discussed in two-dimensional hard-disk systems. We show numerical evidence that the smallest time-oscillating period of the Lyapunov modes is twice as long as the time-oscillating period of momentum autocorrelation function for both square and rectangular two-dimensional systems with hard-wall boundary conditions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Global Majority E-Journal, vol. 02, no. 2, December 2011
Creators: name: Book, Robert
name: Sauri Faller, Ana Cristina
name: Traeger, Brittany
name: Lawther, Will
name: Yagi, Hiromi
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.). Department of Economics
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Description to be added
Backlund transformations for the Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation
Creators: name: Vekslerchik, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Backlund transformations for the Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation are presented. It is shown that these transformations can be iterated and that the resulting sequence can be described by the Volterra equations. The relationships between the Nizhnik-Novikov-Veselov equation and the Volterra hierarchy are discussed.
description: 13 pages
Endpoint of the up-down instability in precessing binary black holes
Creators: name: Mould, Matthew
name: Gerosa, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary black holes in which both spins are aligned with the binary's orbital angular momentum do not precess. However, the up-down configuration, in which the spin of the heavier (lighter) black hole is aligned (anti-aligned) with the orbital angular momentum, is unstable to spin precession at small orbital separations. We first cast the spin precession problem in terms of a simple harmonic oscillator and provide a cleaner derivation of the instability onset. Surprisingly, we find that following the instability, up-down binaries do not disperse in the available parameter space but evolve toward precise endpoints. We then present an analytic scheme to locate these final configurations and confirm them with numerical integrations. Namely, unstable up-down binaries approach mergers with the two spins coaligned with each other and equally misaligned with the orbital angular momentum. Merging up-down binaries relevant to LIGO/Virgo and LISA may be detected in these endpoint configurations if the instability onset occurs prior to the sensitivity threshold of the detector. As a by-product, we obtain new generic results on binary black hole spin-orbit resonances at 2nd~post-Newtonian order. We finally apply these findings to a simple astrophysical population of binary black holes where a formation mechanism aligns the spins without preference for co- or counteralignment, as might be the case for stellar-mass black holes embedded in the accretion disk of a supermassive black hole.
description: Animated versions of Figs. 2, 7 and 13 are available at https://davidegerosa.com/spinprecession
Experimental determination of the Townsend coefficient for Argon-CO2 gas mixtures at high fields
Creators: name: Auriemma, G.
name: Fidanza, D.
name: Pirozzi, G.
name: Satriano, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first Townsend coefficient for Ar-CO2 based gas mixtures has been measured over a wide range of reduced electric field. The experimental setup and the measurement technique are described here. A linear superposition model has also been successfully applied.
description: Accepted for publication in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A
EVN and MERLIN observations of microquasar candidates at low galactic latitudes
Creators: name: Ribo, M.
name: Ros, E.
name: Paredes, J. M.
name: Massi, M.
name: Marti, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an attempt to increase the number of known microquasars, Paredes et al. (2002) have presented a long-term project focused on the search for new objects of this type. They performed a cross-identification between X-ray and radio catalogs under very restrictive selection criteria for sources with |b|<5 degrees, and obtained a sample of 13 radio-emitting X-ray sources. Follow-up observations of 6 of these sources with the VLA provided accurate coordinates, which were used to discover optical counterparts for all of them. We have observed these six sources with the EVN and MERLIN at 5 GHz. Five of the six objects have been detected and imaged, presenting different morphologies: one source has a two-sided jet, three sources have one-sided jets, and one source is compact. With all the presently available information, we conclude that two of the sources are promising microquasar candidates in our Galaxy.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Published in A&A, see http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?bibcode=2002A%26A...394..983R
LABOUR SUPPLY, HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTION AND INTRA-FAMILY WELFARE DISTRIBUTION
Creators: name: Apps, P. F.
name: Rees, R.
name: Apps, P. F.
name: Rees, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper demonstrates the importance of incorporating household production in the "collective" model of the household and goes on to develop an empirical specification of the model, which is then estimated.
Extending 2D Saliency Models for Head Movement Prediction in 360-degree Images using CNN-based Fusion
Creators: name: Djemai, Ibrahim
name: Fezza, Sid
name: Hamidouche, Wassim
name: Deforges, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Saliency prediction can be of great benefit for 360-degree image/video applications, including compression, streaming , rendering and viewpoint guidance. It is therefore quite natural to adapt the 2D saliency prediction methods for 360-degree images. To achieve this, it is necessary to project the 360-degree image to 2D plane. However, the existing projection techniques introduce different distortions, which provides poor results and makes inefficient the direct application of 2D saliency prediction models to 360-degree content. Consequently, in this paper, we propose a new framework for effectively applying any 2D saliency prediction method to 360-degree images. The proposed framework particularly includes a novel convolutional neural network based fusion approach that provides more accurate saliency prediction while avoiding the introduction of distortions. The proposed framework has been evaluated with five 2D saliency prediction methods, and the experimental results showed the superiority of our approach compared to the use of weighted sum or pixel-wise maximum fusion methods.
Outcomes and Social Effects of a Community-Based Development Project on Selected Rice-Based Farmers in the Philippines
Creators: name: Ilar, Glenn Y.
name: Baconguis, Rowena DT.
name: Cardenas, Virginia R.
name: Reyes, Jaine C.
name: Palis, Florencia G.
name: Ilar, Glenn Y.
name: Baconguis, Rowena DT.
name: Cardenas, Virginia R.
name: Reyes, Jaine C.
name: Palis, Florencia G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Community-based development project
subject: rice-based farmers
subject: human capital
subject: social capital
subject: economic benefits
subject: participation
subject: empowerment
subject: agricultural and rural development

description: This research investigated the outcomes and social effects of a communitybased development project in the form of a rice-based community intervention. Conducted in Regions 1, 6, and 10 in the Philippines, it employed mixed methods to gather quantitative and qualitative data concurrently from 86 randomly sampled farmer-cooperators and 20 purposively sampled key informants who were project implementers and facilitators. The project improved the farmer-cooperators’ human capital and social capital. They had high to very high knowledge of the component technologies of the PalayCheck System, as well as corn, mushroom, and vegetable production, after the project was implemented. PalayCheck is a rice integrated crop management system that presents the key technologies and management practices as Key Checks, which farmers need to learn, check, and share. The t-test showed a highly significant increase in almost all of the production technologies except for duck raising and bitter gourd production, which were only mildly significant. There were also significant increases in their groups and networks, trust and solidarity, collective action and cooperation, and social cohesion and inclusion after the project. Moreover, there was a highly significant increase in the farmer-cooperators’ social capital. However, the number of conflicts or disputes among the farmercooperators and the members of the farmer association was only mildly significant. The project also provided economic benefits to the farmer-cooperators, such as an increase in yields and incomes, through their continued adoption of the production technologies taught during training. The results further show that the increase in yields was sustained except in certain years when some of the farmer cooperators experienced low yields due to pest problems, drought, typhoons, and other calamities. Overall, the paired sample t-test revealed a highly significant increase in mean yields in Year 1 to Year 5 after the project than before the project in the three regions. Participation and empowerment outcomes were also observed, such as greater access to information, resources, support services, and training and employment opportunities as well as improved participation in project-related decision-making and community activities.
Global Majority E-Journal, vol. 01, no. 2, December 2010
Creators: name: Gabrielson, Lisa
name: Huddell, Alexandra
name: Kalantary, Couroche
name: Rao, Jasmine
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.). Department of Economics
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Description to be added
Asthma, long-term asthma control medication and tooth wear in American adolescents and young adults
Creators: name: Udeshman Goswami
name: O’Toole, Saoirse
name: Bernabé, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: This study explored the associations of asthma and long-term asthma control medication with tooth wear among American adolescents and young adults. Methods: Data from 2186 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used. Asthma and prescribed long-term medication were collected through questionnaires. The number of surfaces with tooth wear was determined during clinical examinations. Associations were tested in Hurdle regression models adjusting for confounders. Results: The prevalence of tooth wear was 58%, with an average of 6.1 (SD: 4.0) surfaces affected among those with the condition. The prevalence of asthma was 10.3%, with 2.9% of participants using long-term medication for asthma control. In the adjusted regression model, asthma was not associated with tooth wear. However, long-term control medication was associated with greater odds of having tooth wear (odds ratio: 3.33; 95%CI: 1.24-8.97), but it was not associated with the number of surfaces with tooth wear among those with the condition (rate ratio: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.58-1.75). Conclusion: This cross-sectional analysis of national data shows that taking long-term asthma medication was positively associated with having tooth wear.
Galaxy redshift-space bispectrum: the Importance of Being Anisotropic
Creators: name: Gualdi, Davide
name: Verde, Licia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We forecast the benefits induced by adding the bispectrum anisotropic signal to the standard, two- and three-point, clustering statistics analysis. In particular, we forecast cosmological parameter constraints including the bispectrum higher multipoles terms together with the galaxy power spectrum (monopole plus quadrupole) and isotropic bispectrum (monopole) data vectors. To do so, an analytical covariance matrix model is presented. This template is carefully calibrated on well-known terms of a numerical covariance matrix estimated from a set of simulated galaxy catalogues. After testing the calibration using the power spectrum and isotropic bispectrum measurements from the same set of simulations, we extend the covariance modelling to the galaxy bispectrum higher multipoles. Using this covariance matrix we proceed to perform cosmological parameter inference using a suitably generated mock data vector. Including the bispectrum mutipoles up to the hexadecapole, yields 1-D $68\%$ credible regions for the set of parameters $(b_1,b_2,f,σ_8,f_\mathrm{NL},α_\perp, α_\parallel)$ tighter by a factor of 30$\%$ on average for $k_\mathrm{max}=0.09\,h$/Mpc, significantly reducing at the same time the degeneracies present in the posterior distribution.
description: Accepted version for publication in JCAP, 26 pages + Appendix, 15 figures
Multicritical behavior in the fully frustrated XY model and related systems
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, Martin
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram and critical behavior of the two-dimensional square-lattice fully frustrated XY model (FFXY) and of two related models, a lattice discretization of the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson Hamiltonian for the critical modes of the FFXY model, and a coupled Ising-XY model. We present a finite-size-scaling analysis of the results of high-precision Monte Carlo simulations on square lattices L x L, up to L=O(10^3). In the FFXY model and in the other models, when the transitions are continuous, there are two very close but separate transitions. There is an Ising chiral transition characterized by the onset of chiral long-range order while spins remain paramagnetic. Then, as temperature decreases, the systems undergo a Kosterlitz-Thouless spin transition to a phase with quasi-long-range order. The FFXY model and the other models in a rather large parameter region show a crossover behavior at the chiral and spin transitions that is universal to some extent. We conjecture that this universal behavior is due to a multicritical point. The numerical data suggest that the relevant multicritical point is a zero-temperature transition. A possible candidate is the O(4) point that controls the low-temperature behavior of the 4-vector model.
description: 62 pages
On the structure of groups with polynomial growth III
Creators: name: Losert, Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22D05(Primary), 22E25, 22E30, 20F19, 20G20 (Secondary)

description: We show that a compactly generated locally compact group of polynomial growth having no non-trivial compact normal subgroups can be embedded as a co-compact subgroup into a semidirect product of a connected, simply connected, nilpotent Lie group and a compact group. There is also a uniqueness statement for this extension.
The young stellar population in the Serpens Cloud Core: An ISOCAM survey
Creators: name: Kaas, A. A.
name: Olofsson, G.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Andre, P.
name: Nordh, L.
name: Huldtgren, M.
name: Prusti, T.
name: Persi, P.
name: Delgado, A. J.
name: Motte, F.
name: Abergel, A.
name: Boulanger, F.
name: Burgdorf, M.
name: Casali, M. M.
name: Cesarsky, C. J.
name: Davies, J.
name: Falgarone, E.
name: Montmerle, T.
name: Perault, M.
name: Puget, J. L.
name: Sibille, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from an ISOCAM survey in the two broad band filters LW2 (5-8.5 mu) and LW3 (12-18 mu) of a 0.13 square degree coverage of the Serpens Main Cloud Core. A total of 392 sources were detected in the 6.7 mu band and 139 in the 14.3 mu band to a limiting sensitivity of ~ 2 mJy. Only about 50% of the mid-IR excess sources show excesses in the near-IR J-H/H-K diagram. In the central Cloud Core the Class I/Class II number ratio is 19/18, i.e. about 10 times larger than in other young embedded clusters such as rho Ophiuchi or Chamaeleon. The mid-IR fluxes of the Class I and flat-spectrum sources are found to be on the average larger than those of Class II sources. Stellar luminosities are estimated for the Class II sample, and its luminosity function is compatible with a coeval population of about 2 Myr which follows a three segment power-law IMF. For this age about 20% of the Class IIs are found to be young brown dwarf candidates. The YSOs are in general strongly clustered, the Class I sources more than the Class II sources, and there is an indication of sub-clustering. The sub-clustering of the protostar candidates has a spatial scale of 0.12 pc. These sub-clusters are found along the NW-SE oriented ridge and in very good agreement with the location of dense cores traced by millimeter data. The smallest clustering scale for the Class II sources is about 0.25 pc, similar to what was found for rho Ophiuchi. Our data show evidence that star formation in Serpens has proceeded in several phases, and that a ``microburst'' of star formation has taken place very recently, probably within the last 10^5 yrs.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures, accepted by A&A March 18th, see also http://www.not.iac.es/~amanda/
Randomized Multiresolution Scanning in Focal and Fast E/MEG Sensing of Brain Activity with a Variable Depth
Creators: name: Rezaei, Atena
name: Koulouri, Alexandra
name: Pursiainen, Sampsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: G.1.6; G.4; J.3; J.2; I.6.5
subject: 65Kxx, 92-04, 41-04

description: We focus on electromagnetoencephalography imaging of the neural activity and, in particular, finding a robust estimate for the primary current distribution via the hierarchical Bayesian model (HBM). Our aim is to develop a reasonably fast maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation technique which would be applicable for both superficial and deep areas without specific a priori knowledge of the number or location of the activity. To enable source distinguishability for any depth, we introduce a randomized multiresolution scanning (RAMUS) approach in which the MAP estimate of the brain activity is varied during the reconstruction process. RAMUS aims to provide a robust and accurate imaging outcome for the whole brain, while maintaining the computational cost on an appropriate level. The inverse gamma (IG) distribution is applied as the primary hyperprior in order to achieve an optimal performance for the deep part of the brain. In this proof-of-the-concept study, we consider the detection of simultaneous thalamic and somatosensory activity via numerically simulated data modeling the 14-20 ms post-stimulus somatosensory evoked potential and field response to electrical wrist stimulation. Both a spherical and realistic model are utilized to analyze the source reconstruction discrepancies. In the numerically examined case, RAMUS was observed to enhance the visibility of deep components and also marginalizing the random effects of the discretization and optimization without a remarkable computation cost. A robust and accurate MAP estimate for the primary current density was obtained in both superficial and deep parts of the brain.
description: Brain Topogr (2020)
Estimation of initial rate from discontinuous progress data
Creators: name: Halling, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: When using discontinuous assay of reactions, initial rates are often estimated from a limited number of time points. There has been no detailed study of how best to do this. In this work, time courses were simulated by different theoretical equations (including strong product inhibition, first order, Michaelis–Menten and truly linear), but with random error addition to each data point. Various methods were tested to fit an initial rate to the data, and the result compared with the known “true” value. Fitting a simple quadratic generally gives initial rates as accurate as any other curve, and is better than a linear fit if there are about 8 or more time points. For fewer points a linear fit gives less variable and often more accurate rates. The absolute contribution to data point error has a major impact on rate accuracy, and often dominates that due to curvature, so that sampling to at least 10% conversion is preferred. The accuracy of a linear fit can be improved by methods that reject some later points based on curvature tests. Awareness of these effects can help avoid rate inaccuracies of 10% or more due to poor methods of data analysis.
CNGS beam monitor with the LVD detector
Creators: name: Aglietta, M.
name: Antonioli, P.
name: Bari, G.
name: Castagnoli, C.
name: Fulgione, W.
name: Galeotti, P.
name: Garbini, M.
name: Ghia, P. L.
name: Giusti, P.
name: Kemp, E.
name: Malguin, A. S.
name: Menghetti, H.
name: Pesci, A.
name: Pless, I. A.
name: Porta, A.
name: Ryasny, V. G.
name: Ryazhskaya, O. G.
name: Saavedra, O.
name: Sartorelli, G.
name: Selvi, M.
name: Vigorito, C.
name: Votano, L.
name: Yakushev, V. F.
name: Zatsepin, G. T.
name: Zichichi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of an adequate CNGS beam monitor at the Gran Sasso Laboratory has been stressed in many papers. Since the number of internal $ν_μ$ CC and NC interactions in the various detectors will not allow to collect statistics rapidly, one should also be able to detect the $ν_μ$ CC interactions in the upstream rock. In this study we have investigated the performances of the LVD detector as a monitor for the CNGS neutrino beam. Thanks to its wide area ($13 \times 11 m^2$ orthogonal to the beam direction) LVD can detect about 120 muons per day originated by $ν_μ$ CC interactions in the rock. The LVD total mass is $\sim2 kt$. This allows to get 30 more CNGS events per day as internal $(NC + CC)$ $ν_μ$ interactions, for a total of $\sim 150$ events per day. A 3% statistical error can be reached in 7 days. Taking into account the time characteristics of the CNGS beam, the cosmic muon background can be reduced to a negligible level, of the order of 1.5 events per day.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A
A QM/MD coupling method to model the ion-induced polarization of graphene
Creators: name: Elliott, Joshua D
name: Troisi, Alessandro
name: Carbone, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new Quantum Mechanical/Molecular Dynamics (QM/MD) simulation loop to model the coupling between the electron and atom dynamics in solid/liquid interfacial systems. The method can describe simultaneously both the quantum mechanical surface polarizability emerging from the proximity to the electrolyte, and the electrolyte structure and dynamics. In the current set up Density Functional Tight Binding calculations for the electronic structure calculations of the surface are coupled with classical molecular dynamics to simulate the electrolyte solution. The reduced computational cost of the QM part makes the coupling with a classical simulation engine computationally feasible and allows simulation of large systems for hundreds of nanoseconds. We tested the method by simulating both a non-charged graphene flake and a non-charged and charged infinite graphene sheet immersed in an NaCl electrolyte solution. We found that, when no bias is applied, ions preferentially remained in solution and only cations are mildly attracted to the surface of the graphene. This preferential adsorption of cations vs anions seems to persist also when the surface is moderately charged and rules out any substantial ions/surface charge transfer.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Do Countries Compete over Corporate Tax Rates?
Creators: name: Devereux, Michael P.
name: Lockwood, Ben
name: Redoano, Michela
name: Devereux, Michael P.
name: Lockwood, Ben
name: Redoano, Michela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: tax competition
subject: corporate taxes
subject: effective average tax rate
subject: effective marginal tax rate

description: This paper tests whether OECD countries compete with each other over corporate taxes in order to attract investment. We develop two models: with …rm mobility, countries compete only over the statutory tax rate or the e¤ective average tax rate, while with capital mobility, countries compete only over the e¤ective marginal tax rate. We estimate the parameters of reaction functions using data from 21 countries between 1983 and 1999. We …nd evidence that countries compete over all three measures, but particularly over the statutory tax rate and the e¤ective average tax rate. This is consistent with a belief amongst governments that location choices by multinational firms are discrete. We also find evidence of concave reaction functions, consistent with the model outlined in the paper
Advances in the Theory of Large Cooperative Games and Applications to Club Theory; The Side Payments Case
Creators: name: Kovalenkov, Alexander
name: Wooders, Myrna Holtz
name: Kovalenkov, Alexander
name: Wooders, Myrna Holtz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: cooperative games
subject: clubs
subject: core
subject: approximate cores
subject: widespread externalities
subject: multiple memberships
subject: local public goods

description: In a series of papers (Kovalenkov and Wooders 2001a, Games and Economic Behavior, 2001b, Mathematics of Operations Research, and 1997, Journal of Economic Theory to appear), the authors have developed the framework of parameterized collections of games and also that of parameterized collections of economies with clubs. These papers apply to collections of games with nontransferable utility and similarly to economies with clubs and general preferences. The game theoretic framework encompasses the earlier `pregame' framework (cf., Wooders 1994b Econometrica) and also earlier models of economies with clubs and with possibly multiple memberships in clubs (cf. Shubik and Wooders 1982). In this paper, we consider the special case of games with side payments and illustrate the application of our more general results in this special, and much simpler but still important, framework. The motivation for this line of research is developed and application to environmental problems is discussed.
An investigation into reusable coffee mugs
Creators: name: Chang, Albert
name: Craig, Daniel
name: Leclerc, Josh
name: Tianyu, Fang
name: Nikaein, Niv
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In order to stock the green vending machine, reusable and disposable coffee cups should be evaluated based on a triple bottom line assessment which contains environmental, social and economic factors. The scope of the report incorporates evaluating paper, ceramic, plastic and stainless steel as potential materials for the transportable coffee mug as well as the vending machine energy consumption. In this evaluation, energy consumption over the life-cycle of each material is assumed to be the main player. The methods utilized in this analysis are gathered from academic articles and trusted web resources. Each of the materials mentioned above is examined throughout the report. Paper cups create a lot of waste since they are only capable of one use. With proper initiatives, their consumption can be reduced, however these initiatives will be difficult to implement. The ceramic mug‟s life-cycle is found to be energy taking and have low durability which makes it an unpopular option for the vending machine. Plastic mugs have various user benefits in terms of insulation and ergonomics but were found to be potentially harmful due the release of Bisphenol A which can negatively impact reproductive health. Stainless steel mugs have long-term durability and do not pose any potential health hazards; however, they have high energy consumption and CO₂ emissions. If reusable mugs are to be sold from vending machines in the new Student Union Building, they should be made of stainless steel. However, in order to ensure the feasibility of selling reusable mugs, further research should be conducted regarding public perception of reusable mugs, the reasons why individuals choose not to use them and potential ways to make them more attractive to customers. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Orthochiroides Kovarik 1998
Creators: name: Kovařík, Baloorthochirus becvari
name: 1996
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Buthidae
Orthochiroides

description: Orthochiroides Kovařík, 1998
 Orthochiroides Kovařík, 1998: 115; Fet & Lowe, 2000: 192.
 TYPE SPECIES. Orthochiroides vachoni Kovařík, 1998.
 DIAGNOSIS. Patella of pedipalp without ventral trichobothria. Dorsal trichobothria of femur arranged in beta-configuration. Trichobothrium d 2 of pedipalp femur absent on dorsal surface. Pectines with fulcra. Tibial spurs present on third and fourth legs. Tarsomere I of first to third legs with bristlecombs in females, often without bristlecombs in males. Movable fingers of pedipalps bear 7–9 rows of granules. Carapace, in lateral view, slopes distinctly downward from median eyes to anterior margin. First and second metasomal segments with carinae. Fourth and fifth metasomal segments of adults ventrally punctate. Telson bulbous, aculeus shorter than vesicle. Total length under 40 mm.
description: Published as part of Kovařík, Baloorthochirus becvari & 1996, 2004, Revision and taxonomic position of genera Afghanorthochirus Lourenço & Vachon, Baloorthochirus Kova ík, Butheolus Simon, Nanobuthus Pocock, Orthochiroides Kova ík, Pakistanorthochirus Lourenço, and Asian Orthochirus Karsch, with descriptions of twelve new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae), pp. 1-33 in Euscorpius 16 on page 23
Cybersecurity governance : Five reasons your cybersecurity governance strategy may be flawed and how to fix it
Creators: name: Iannone, Peter
name: Omar, Ayman
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.); Alsbridge
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: Publication in The Changing Faces of Cybersecurity Governance Series
Optimal estimates of diffusion coefficients from molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Bullerjahn, Jakob Tómas
name: von Bülow, Sören
name: Hummer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Translational diffusion coefficients are routinely estimated from molecular dynamics simulations. Linear fits to mean squared displacement (MSD) curves have become the de facto standard, from simple liquids to complex biomacromolecules. Nonlinearities in MSD curves at short times are handled with a wide variety of ad hoc practices, such as partial and piece-wise fitting of the data. Here, we present a rigorous framework to obtain reliable estimates of the diffusion coefficient and its statistical uncertainty. We also assess in a quantitative manner if the observed dynamics is indeed diffusive. By accounting for correlations between MSD values at different times, we reduce the statistical uncertainty of the estimator and thereby increase its efficiency. With a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, we check for possible anomalous diffusion. We provide an easy-to-use Python data analysis script for the estimation of diffusion coefficients. As an illustration, we apply the formalism to molecular dynamics simulation data of pure TIP4P-D water and a single ubiquitin protein. In a companion paper [J. Chem. Phys. XXX, YYYYY (2020)], we demonstrate its ability to recognize deviations from regular diffusion caused by systematic errors in a common trajectory "unwrapping" scheme that is implemented in popular simulation and visualization software.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. The following article has been accepted for publication at The Journal of Chemical Physics
Fermion Masses and Mixing Angles from SU(3) Family Symmetry and Unification
Creators: name: King, S. F.
name: Ross, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a bottom-up approach to constructing a theory of fermion masses and mixing angles based on the gauge group $SU(3)\times G$ where SU(3) is a family symmetry and $G$ contains a unified group such as SO(10) or its Pati-Salam subgroup, together with other discrete symmetries. We construct a realistic model and show that it can provide an excellent description of quark and lepton masses and mixing angles, including almost maximal atmospheric mixing and the LMA MSW solar neutrino solution. We predict a neutrino mixing angle $θ_{13}$ near the current limit. The model provides the basis for a new solution to the flavour problem with a characteristic soft SUSY breaking mass spectrum.
description: Version to appear in PLB. 16 pages, 1 figure, latex
Orthochiroides insularis Kovařík & 1996 2004, comb. n.
Creators: name: Kovařík, Baloorthochirus becvari
name: 1996
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Buthidae
Orthochiroides
Orthochiroides insularis

description: Orthochiroides insularis (Pocock, 1899), comb. n.
 Butheolus insularis Pocock, 1899: 8; Pocock, 1903: 180; Kraepelin, 1903: 565; Vachon, 1979: 237.
 Orthochirus insularis: Birula, 1917: 215.
 Orthochirus bicolor insularis: Levy & Amitai, 1980: 94; El-Hennawy, 1992: 129; Kovařík, 1998: 116; Fet & Lowe, 2000: 194.
TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Socotra (Mt. Raggit); BMNH.
 TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Yemen, Socotra Island, Hadibu Plain, 1♀ A (holotype), leg. Grant and Forbes, BMNH No. 1899.7.4.180.
 OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. Yemen, Socotra Island, Qalansiyah env., DITWAH (lagoon), 23m, N 12°41’42’’ E 53°30’08’’, 9.XII.2003, 1♂ A, David Král lgt, FKCP; GUBBAH vill. env., 7 m, N 12°36’35’’ E 53°46’56’’, 23.XI.2003, 1♀ 1im.A, leg. D. Král, FKCP. QAARIAH vill. env., 11 m, N 12°38’05’’ E 54°12’39’’, 28.XI.2003, 1♂ A, leg. J. Farkač, FKCP.
DIAGNOSIS. Fourth and fifth metasomal segments of adults ventrally punctate. Punctae on ventral surface of fifth metasomal segment much smaller than smooth spaces among them. Metasoma glabrous, only fifth segment may bear dorsolateral row of hairs. Hairs may be present also on dorsal surface of telson. Dorsal surface of all metasomal segments smooth, without granules. Color uniformly brown to black. Femur, patella and manus of pedipalp brown to black, fingers, tibia, and tarsomeres of legs yellowish brown to green. Chela with conspicuously elevated carinae. Movable fingers bear 7–9 rows of granules with internal and external granules and with 3 or 4 distal granules.
 COMMENTS. The so far unpublished placement of this taxon in the genus Orthochiroides was known already to Vachon, who labeled the holotype “ Orthochiroides insularis (Pocock, 1899) = Butheolus insularis Pocock, 1899, M. Vachon det.“. A color photo of a live female is in Kovařík (2000: 64).
DISTRIBUTION. Yemen (Socotra Island) (Pocock, 1899: 9).
description: Published as part of Kovařík, Baloorthochirus becvari & 1996, 2004, Revision and taxonomic position of genera Afghanorthochirus Lourenço & Vachon, Baloorthochirus Kova ík, Butheolus Simon, Nanobuthus Pocock, Orthochiroides Kova ík, Pakistanorthochirus Lourenço, and Asian Orthochirus Karsch, with descriptions of twelve new species (Scorpiones, Buthidae), pp. 1-33 in Euscorpius 16 on page 23
From Drought to Flood: Environmental Constraints and the Political Economy of Civic Virtue.
Creators: name: Galassi, Francesco L.
name: Galassi, Francesco L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Political Economy

description: The paper models co-operative engagement under varying environmental constraints giving rise to different forms of collective action problems, specifically focussing on water management in pre-industrial societies. I show that societies where water availability is strongly seasonal develop no mechanism to encourage society-wide cooperative behaviour because the benefits of water storage are fully excludable. With pre-industrial technology water storage is a pure club good, and optimal club size can be shown to be very small under credible parameter values, converging to 1 in some cases (private good). The social consequences of the environmental constraint include strongly circumscribed co-operation and rent seeking. In contrast, areas where water management involved flood control and irrigation develop society-wide institutions based on self-sustaining co-operative engagement assisted by external policing. The model thus offers an explanation of varying levels of "civic virtue" in different areas.
On Effective Actions for the Bosonic Tachyon
Creators: name: Smedbäck, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the analysis of hep-th/0304045 to the bosonic case and find the one-derivative effective action valid in the vicinity of rolling tachyons with an energy not larger than that of the original D-brane. For on-shell tachyons rolling down the well-behaved side of the potential in this theory, the energy is conserved and the pressure eventually decreases exponentially. For tachyons rolling down the ''wrong'' side, the pressure instead blows up in a finite time.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure. v2: corrected typos, one reference added
Breast Cancer prognosis for young patients
Creators: name: Owrang, Mehdi
name: Copeland, Robert L.
name: Ricks-Santi, Lusiel J.
name: Gaskins, Melvin
name: Beyene, Desta
name: Dewitty, Robert L.
name: Kanaan, Yasmine M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Background/Aims: Breast cancer (BCa) prognostication is a vital element for providing effective treatment for patients with BCa. Studies suggest that ethnicity plays a greater role in the incidence and poor prognosis of BCa in younger women than in their older counterparts. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess the association between age and ethnicity on the overall final prognosis. Materials and Methods: Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) was used to analyze BCa prognosis using Howard University Cancer Center Tumor Registry and the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results BCa datasets. Patients were grouped according to their predicted prognosis based on NPI scheme. Results: There was no correlation between the younger patients compared to their older counterparts for any of the prognostic clusters. The significance of ethnicity in poorer prognosis for younger age is not conclusive either. Conclusion: An extended prognostic tool/system needs to be evaluated for its usefulness in a clinical practice environment.
Substitutional and interstitial impurity p-type doping of thermoelectric Mg2Si: a theoretical study
Creators: name: Hirayama, Naomi
name: Iida, Tsutomu
name: Sakamoto, Mariko
name: Nishio, Keishi
name: Hamada, Noriaki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The narrow-gap magnesium silicide semiconductor Mg2Si is a promising mid-temperature (600–900 K) thermoelectric material. It intrinsically possesses n-type conductivity, and n-type dopants are generally used for improving its thermoelectric performance; however, the synthesis of p-type Mg2Si is relatively difficult. In this work, the hole doping of Mg2Si with various impurity atoms is investigated by performing first principles calculations. It is found that the Ag-doped systems exhibit comparable formation energies ΔE calculated for different impurity sites (Mg, Si, and interstitial 4b ones), which may explain the experimental instability of their p-type conductivity. A similar phenomenon is observed for the systems incorporating alkali metals (Li, Na, and K) since their ΔE values determined for Mg (p-type) and 4b (n-type) sites are very close. Among boron group elements (Ga and B), Ga is found to be favorable for hole doping because it exhibits relatively small ΔE values for Si (p-type) sites. Furthermore, the interstitial insertion of Cl and F atoms into the crystal lattice leads to hole doping because of their high electronegativity.
On the distribution of 1550-nm photon pairs efficiently generated using a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide
Creators: name: Mori, Shigehiko
name: Soderholm, Jonas
name: Namekata, Naoto
name: Inoue, Shuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the generation of photon pairs in the 1550-nm band suitable for long-distance fiber-optic quantum key distribution. The photon pairs were generated in a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide with a high conversion-efficiency. Using a pulsed semiconductor laser with a pulse rate of 800 kHz and a maximum average pump power of 50 muW, we obtained a coincidence rate of 600 s^-1. Our measurements are in agreement with a Poissonian photon-pair distribution, as is expected from a comparison of the coherence time of the pump and of the detected photons. An average of 0.9 photon pairs per pulse was obtained.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures