cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Current fluctuations and transport efficiency for general Langevin systems
Creators: name: Dechant, Andreas
name: Sasa, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a universal bound on generalized currents in Langevin systems in terms of the mean-square fluctuations of the current and the total entropy production. This bound generalizes a relation previously found by Barato et al. to arbitrary times and transient states. Using the bound, we define a new efficiency for stochastic transport, which measures how close a given system comes to saturating the bound. The existence of such a bounded efficiency implies that stochastic transport is unavoidably accompanied by a fluctuations and dissipation, which cannot be reduced arbitrarily. We apply the definition of transport efficiency to steady state particle transport and heat engines and show that the transport efficiency may approach unity at finite current, in contrast to the thermodynamic efficiency. Finally, we derive a bound on purely diffusive transport in terms of the Shannon entropy.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Strongest Magnetically Induced Transitions in Alkali Metal Atoms with nuclear spin $3/2$
Creators: name: Sargsyan, Armen
name: Tonoyan, Ara
name: Momier, Rodolphe
name: Leroy, Claude
name: Sarkisyan, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probabilities of atomic transitions $F_e - F_g = \pm 2$ between a ground $F_g$ and an excited $F_e$ level of $D_2$ line of any alkali metal atom are zero when no external magnetic field is applied. In an external magnetic field in the range $0.1 - 3$ kG, the probabilities of these transitions called magnetically induced (MI) are highly modified. For these MI transitions, we have previously exhibited the following rule: the probabilities of MI transitions with $ΔF = +2$ are maximal when using $σ^+$-polarized laser radiation, while the probabilities of MI transitions with $ΔF = -2$ are maximal when using $σ^-$-polarized laser radiation. This difference has been termed Type 1 Magnetically Induced Circular Dichroism (MCD1). It is demonstrated for the first time that for alkali atoms with a nuclear spin $I=3/2$ ($^{87}\text{Rb}$, $^{39}\text{K}$,$^{23}\text{Na}$, $^7\text{Li}$) in magnetic fields $> 100$ G, the probability of the strongest $σ^+$ MI transition of the group $F_g = 1 \rightarrow F_e = 3'$ (transition $\ket{1,-1}\rightarrow\ket{3',0'}$) is about 4 times higher than the probabilities of the strongest MI $σ^-$-transitions $\ket{1,-1}\rightarrow\ket{3',-2'}$ and $\ket{2,+1}\rightarrow \ket{0',0'}$. These properties make the $σ^+$ MI transition $\ket{1,-1}\rightarrow\ket{3',0'}$ an interesting candidate for the study of magneto-optical processes in strong magnetic fields.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Efimov effect in $D$ spatial dimensions in $AAB$ systems
Creators: name: Rosa, D. S.
name: Frederico, T.
name: Krein, G.
name: Yamashita, M. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of the Efimov effect is drastically affected by the dimensionality of the space in which the system is embedded. The effective spatial dimension containing an atomic cloud can be continuously modified by compressing it in one or two directions. In the present article we determine for a general $AAB$ system formed by two identical bosons $A$ and a third particle $B$ in the two-body unitary limit, the dimensionsality $D$ for which the Efimov effect can exist for different values of the mass ratio $\mathpzc{A}=m_B/m_A$. In addition, we provide a prediction for the Efimov discrete scaling factor, ${\rm exp}\,(π/s)$, as a function of a wide range of values of $\mathpzc{A}$ and $D$, which can be tested in experiments that can be realized with currently available technology.
ESM 3 - GuindreParker&Rubenstein - Results of extra GLMMs presented within the article from Multiple benefits of alloparental care in a fluctuating environment
Creators: name: Guindre-Parker, Sarah
name: Rubenstein, Dustin R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Results of extra GLMMs presented within the article
Scalar decays to $γγ$, $Zγ$, and $Wγ$ in the Georgi-Machacek model
Creators: name: Degrande, Celine
name: Hartling, Katy
name: Logan, Heather E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the decay widths for the neutral and singly-charged Higgs bosons in the Georgi-Machacek model into the final states $γγ$, $Zγ$, and $Wγ$. These decays are most phenomenologically interesting for the fermiophobic custodial fiveplet states $H_5^0$ and $H_5^{\pm}$ when their masses are below threshold for decays into $WW$, $ZZ$, or $WZ$. We study the allowed branching ratios into these final states using scans over the allowed parameter space, and show how the model can be constrained by LEP searches for a fermiophobic Higgs boson decaying to two photons. The calculation involves evaluating one-loop diagrams in which the loop contains particles with two different masses, some of which do not appear in the existing literature. We give results for these diagrams in a form convenient for numerical implementation using the LoopTools package.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures. v2: refs added, typos fixed, version accepted by PRD. v3: fixed missing factor of 2 in Eq. (37) (numerics were correct already)
Efficiency of quantum versus classical annealing in non-convex learning problems
Creators: name: Baldassi, Carlo
name: Zecchina, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum annealers aim at solving non-convex optimization problems by exploiting cooperative tunneling effects to escape local minima. The underlying idea consists in designing a classical energy function whose ground states are the sought optimal solutions of the original optimization problem and add a controllable quantum transverse field to generate tunneling processes. A key challenge is to identify classes of non-convex optimization problems for which quantum annealing remains efficient while thermal annealing fails. We show that this happens for a wide class of problems which are central to machine learning. Their energy landscapes is dominated by local minima that cause exponential slow down of classical thermal annealers while simulated quantum annealing converges efficiently to rare dense regions of optimal solutions.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures
Chance-Constrained Combinatorial Optimization with a Probability Oracle and Its Application to Probabilistic Partial Set Covering
Creators: name: Wu, Hao-Hsiang
name: Kucukyavuz, Simge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate a class of chance-constrained combinatorial optimization problems. Given a pre-specified risk level $ε\in [0,1]$, the chance-constrained program aims to find the minimum cost selection of a vector of binary decisions $x$ such that a desirable event $\mathcal{B}(x)$ occurs with probability at least $ 1-ε$. In this paper, we assume that we have an oracle that computes $\mathbb P( \mathcal{B}(x))$ exactly. Using this oracle, we propose a general exact method for solving the chance-constrained problem. In addition, we show that if the chance-constrained program is solved approximately by a sampling-based approach, then the oracle can be used as a tool for checking and fixing the feasibility of the optimal solution given by this approach. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods on a variant of the probabilistic set covering problem (PSC), which admits an efficient probability oracle. We give a compact mixed-integer program that solves PSC optimally (without sampling) for a special case. For large-scale instances for which the exact methods exhibit slow convergence, we propose a sampling-based approach that exploits the special structure of PSC. In particular, we introduce a new class of facet-defining inequalities for a submodular substructure of PSC, and show that a sampling-based algorithm coupled with the probability oracle solves the large-scale test instances effectively.
Bottom-quark Fusion Processes at the LHC for Probing $Z^{\prime}$ Models and B-meson Decay Anomalies
Creators: name: Abdullah, Mohammad
name: Dalchenko, Mykhailo
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Eusebi, Ricardo
name: Huang, Peisi
name: Kamon, Teruki
name: Rathjens, Denis
name: Thompson, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate models of a heavy neutral gauge boson Z' which could explain anomalies in B meson decays reported by the LHCb experiment. In these models, the Z' boson couples mostly to third generation fermions. We show that bottom quarks arising from gluon splitting can fuse into Z' as an essential production mechanism at the LHC, thereby allowing to probe these models. The study is performed within a generic framework for explaining the B anomalies that can be accommodated in well motivated models. The flavor violating b s coupling associated with Z' in such models produces lower bound on the production cross-section which gives rise to a cross-section range for such scenarios for the LHC to probe. Results are presented in Z' -> $μμ$ decays with at least one bottom-tagged jet in its final state. Some parts of the model parameter space become constrained by the existing dimuon-resonance searches by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations. However, the requirement of one or two additional bottom-tagged jets in the final state would allow for probing a larger region of the parameter space of the models at the ongoing LHC program.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, v3: added discussion with updated figures, conclusions unchanged, published version in PRD
Compositional partitioning during the spinodal decomposition in Cu–Ni–Sn alloy
Creators: name: C. B. Basak
name: A. K. Poswal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Spinodal decomposition in Cu–9.4at%Ni–3.1at%Sn alloy was elucidated with the new insight from the experimental EXAFS analysis supported by ab initio total energy calculations suggesting the strong influence of the first near-neighbour atoms. Enthalpy of mixing was calculated for all crystallographically unique first near-neighbour configurations and finally an average positive enthalpy of mixing of 1604 J/mol was obtained. Combination of ab initio results, XRD and EXAFS analysis indicate that one of the daughter phase becomes rich in Ni and Sn than the other phase; in contrary to the earlier proposition that Cu/Ni ratio remains constant in both daughter phases. It is also shown that the present thermodynamic description requires further refinement to extend the miscibility gap towards lower Ni content in Cu–Ni–Sn system.
Balance between quantum Markov semigroups
Creators: name: Duvenhage, Rocco
name: Snyman, Machiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The concept of balance between two state preserving quantum Markov semigroups on von Neumann algebras is introduced and studied as an extension of conditions appearing in the theory of quantum detailed balance. This is partly motivated by the theory of joinings. Balance is defined in terms of certain correlated states (couplings), with entangled states as a specific case. Basic properties of balance are derived and the connection to correspondences in the sense of Connes is discussed. Some applications and possible applications, including to non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, are briefly explored.
description: v1: 40 pages. v2: Corrections and small additions made, 41 pages
Tensor-Multi-Scalar Gravity: Equations of Motion to 2.5 post-Newtonian Order
Creators: name: Schön, Oliver
name: Doneva, Daniela D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we take a step towards the generalization of the post-Newtonian formalism to tensor-multi-scalar theories. These are theories where we have more than one scalar field being mediators of the gravitational interaction in addition to the spacetime metric. They are very natural extensions of Einstein's gravity allowing for the existence of new classes of compact objects and offering interesting phenomenology reaching far beyond the single scalar field theories. We calculate the expansion up to 2.5 post-Newtonian order in the near zone using the so-called direct integration of the relaxed Einstein equations formalism and derive the equation of motion. This work is the first step towards the calculation of gravitational waveforms in tensor-multi-scalar theories.
description: 34 pages, close to published version
Gravitomagnetic Helicity
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Mashhoon, Bahram
name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mass currents in astrophysics generate gravitomagnetic fields of enormous complexity. Gravitomagnetic helicity, in direct analogy with magnetic helicity, is a measure of entwining of the gravitomagnetic field lines. We discuss gravitomagnetic helicity within the gravitoelectromagnetic (GEM) framework of linearized general relativity. Furthermore, we employ the spacetime curvature approach to GEM in order to determine the gravitomagnetic helicity for static observers in Kerr spacetime.
description: 30 pages; v2: improved version to appear in Phys. Rev. D; v3: typos corrected
Huygens triviality of the time-independent Schrödinger equation. Applications to atomic and high energy physics
Creators: name: Kholodenko, Arkady L.
name: Kauffman, Louis H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Huygens triviality-a concept invented by Jacques Hadamard-describes an equivalence class connecting those 2nd order partial differential equations which are transformable into the wave equation. In this work it is demonstrated, that the Schrödinger equation with the time-independent Hamiltonian belongs to such an equivalence class. The wave equation is the equation for which Huygens' principle (HP) holds. The HP was a subject of confusion in both physics and mathematics literature for a long time. Not surprisingly, the role of this principle was obscured from the beginnings of quantum mechanics causing some theoretical and experimental misunderstandings. The purpose of this work is to bring the full clarity into this topic. By doing so, we obtained a large amount of new results related to uses of Lie sphere geometry, of twistors, of Dupin cyclides, of null electromagnetic fields, of AdS-CFT correspondence, of Penrose limits, of geometric algebra, etc. in physical problems ranging from the atomic to high energy physics and cosmology.
description: 82 pages, fully revised, several references added
DCCast: Efficient Point to Multipoint Transfers Across Datacenters
Creators: name: Noormohammadpour, Mohammad
name: Cauligi S. Raghavendra
name: Sriram Rao
name: Srikanth Kandula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80503 Networking and Communications
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 100503 Computer Communications Networks
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 100507 Optical Networks and Systems
subject: 100504 Data Communications
subject: 100506 Optical Fibre Communications
subject: Distributed Computing
subject: Computer Engineering
subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Using multiple datacenters allows for higher availability, load balancing and reduced latency to customers of cloud services. To distribute multiple copies of data, cloud providers depend on inter-datacenter WANs that ought to be used efficiently considering their limited capacity and the ever-increasing data demands. In this paper, we focus on applications that transfer objects from one datacenter to several datacenters over dedicated inter-datacenter networks. We present DCCast, a centralized Point to Multi-Point (P2MP) algorithm that uses forwarding trees to efficiently deliver an object from a source datacenter to required destination datacenters. With low computational overhead, DCCast selects forwarding trees that minimize bandwidth usage and balance load across all links. With simulation experiments on Google’s GScale network, we show that DCCast can reduce total bandwidth usage and tail Transfer Completion Times (TCT) by up to 50% compared to delivering the same objects via independent point-to-point (P2P) transfers.
Scale Invariant Instantons and the Complete Lifetime of the Standard Model
Creators: name: Andreassen, Anders
name: Frost, William
name: Schwartz, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a classically scale-invariant quantum field theory, tunneling rates are infrared divergent due to the existence of instantons of any size. While one expects such divergences to be resolved by quantum effects, it has been unclear how higher-loop corrections can resolve a problem appearing already at one loop. With a careful power counting, we uncover a series of loop contributions that dominate over the one-loop result and sum all the necessary terms. We also clarify previously incomplete treatments of related issues pertaining to global symmetries, gauge fixing and finite mass effects. In addition, we produce exact closed-form solutions for the functional determinants over scalars, fermions and vector bosons around the scale-invariant bounce, demonstrating manifest gauge invariance in the vector case. With these problems solved, we produce the first complete calculation of the lifetime of our universe: 10^139 years. With 95% confidence, we expect our universe to last more than 10^58 years. The uncertainty is part experimental uncertainty on the top quark mass and on $αs$ and part theory uncertainty from electroweak threshold corrections. Using our complete result, we provide phase diagrams in the $mt/mh$ and the $mt/αs$ planes, with uncertainty bands. To rule out absolute stability to $3σ$ confidence, the uncertainty on the top quark pole mass would have to be pushed below 250 MeV or the uncertainty on $αs(mZ)$ pushed below 0.00025.
description: Typos corrected, numbers updated
title: ADCO, Ordre cistercien : comptes (1403-1423) (11 H 1161), f. 00186
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: comptes

description: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1403-1423), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1161). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Ordre cistercien : comptes (1403-1423), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1161), f. 00186, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
Developing an accurate and robust tool for pixel module characterization
Creators: name: Hohov, D.
name: Lounis, A.
name: Falou, A.
name: Gkougkousis, E. - L.
name: Bassalat, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For operation at the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the ATLAS experiment is building a new all-silicon inner tracker (ITk). The production and testing of thousands of silicon pixel and strip modules is required to cover the estimated 180 m$^{2}$ of the total surface area. A compact, affordable and robust module characterization system is required for in-situ testing prior any test beam campaign or installation. A test bench setup based on an infrared laser was developed at IJCLab, allowing also for the use of micro-metric precision scanning with a radioactive source. A detailed schema of the setup, operating principles and testing methods are described in this paper, together with the first results obtained with a FE-I4 silicon pixel module.
A tripodal tris-selenourea anion transporter matches the activity of its thio- analogue but shows distinct selectivity*
Creators: name: Spooner, Michael J.
name: Gale, Philip A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: We report the synthesis of a tripodal tris-selenourea transporter scaffold. The Cl− and transport activity of the compound has been compared extensively with the analogous oxo- and thiourea compounds. We found that the selenourea demonstrates remarkably similar transport efficacy and mechanistic properties to the equivalent thiourea, but demonstrates flipped selectivity for Cl− over .
Does a Face Mask Protect my Privacy?: Deep Learning to Predict Protected Attributes from Masked Face Images
Creators: name: Seneviratne, Sachith
name: Kasthuriarachchi, Nuran
name: Rasnayaka, Sanka
name: Hettiachchi, Danula
name: Shariffdeen, Ridwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contactless and efficient systems are implemented rapidly to advocate preventive methods in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the positive benefits of such systems, there is potential for exploitation by invading user privacy. In this work, we analyse the privacy invasiveness of face biometric systems by predicting privacy-sensitive soft-biometrics using masked face images. We train and apply a CNN based on the ResNet-50 architecture with 20,003 synthetic masked images and measure the privacy invasiveness. Despite the popular belief of the privacy benefits of wearing a mask among people, we show that there is no significant difference to privacy invasiveness when a mask is worn. In our experiments we were able to accurately predict sex (94.7%),race (83.1%) and age (MAE 6.21 and RMSE 8.33) from masked face images. Our proposed approach can serve as a baseline utility to evaluate the privacy-invasiveness of artificial intelligence systems that make use of privacy-sensitive information. We open-source all contributions for re-producibility and broader use by the research community.
description: Accepted to AJCAI 2021 - 34th Australasian Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Feb 2022, Sydney, Australia. http://ajcai2021.net/program
A Zn(II) luminescent complex with a Schiff base ligand: solution, computational and solid state studies
Creators: name: Martínez, Sebastián
name: Igoa, Fernando
name: Carrera, Ignacio
name: Seoane, Gustavo
name: Veiga, Nicolás
name: Camargo, Andrea S. S. De
name: Kremer, Carlos
name: Torres, Julia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: A new mononuclear complex of zinc(II), [Zn(HL)2]∙2DMF (H2L = (E)-N′-((E)-(hydroxyimino)butan-2-ylidene)salicyloylhydrazide, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), was prepared and characterized. Single-crystal X-ray crystallography revealed a six-coordinate zinc(II) surrounded by nitrogen of the oxime function and oxygen and distal nitrogens of the acylhydrazone group. This entity also exists in solution as demonstrated by 1H-NMR and potentiometric titrations. The computational analysis showed that the molecular orbitals involved in the main electronic transitions of the complex species in solution are centered on the ligand with negligible contribution of the metal ion. The photophysical properties of the complex were evaluated in solution and in the solid state. Luminescence studies showed that the solid has a strong emission at 550 nm with a large Stokes shift with respect to absorption. The solid state fluorescence emission is ascribed to ligand-centered and/or ligand-to-ligand charge transfer transitions, following the DFT results in solution. A comparison with a previously reported mononuclear [Zn(HL)2] allowed the investigation of the influence of DMF molecules in the structural packing and the luminescence properties.
A Visual Guide to MPI All-to-all
Creators: name: Netterville, Nick
name: Fan, Ke
name: Kumar, Sidharth
name: Gilray, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences
classificationCode: 4607
subject: Graphics, augmented reality and games

description: No description supplied
Spheroidal force-free neutron star magnetospheres
Creators: name: Pétri, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abridged. Fast rotating and self-gravitating astrophysical objects suffer strong deformations from centrifugal forces. If moreover they are magnetized, they generate an electromagnetic wave that is perturbed accordingly. When stellar objects are also surrounded by an ideal plasma, a magnetosphere is formed. We study the electromagnetic configuration of a force-free magnetosphere encompassing an ideal spheroidal rotating conductor as an inner boundary. We put special emphasize to millisecond period neutron star magnetospheres, those showing a significant oblate shape. Force-free solutions are computed by numerical integration of the time-dependent Maxwell equations in spheroidal coordinates. Relevant quantities such as the magnetic field structure, the spin down luminosity, the polar cap rims and the current density are shown. We find that the force-free magnetic field produced by spheroidal stars remains very similar to their spherical counterpart. However, the spin down luminosity slightly decreases with increasing oblateness or prolateness. Moreover the polar cap area increases and always mostly encompasses the equivalent spherical star polar cap rims. The polar cap current density is also drastically affected.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
High Quality Axion via a Doubly Composite Dynamics
Creators: name: Lee, Seung J.
name: Nakai, Yuichiro
name: Suzuki, Motoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a new framework that furnishes a mechanism to simultaneously address the electroweak naturalness problem and the axion high quality problem. The framework is based on a doubly composite dynamics where the second confinement takes place after the CFT encounters the first confinement and the theory flows into another conformal fixed point. For a calculable example, we present a holographic dual description of the 4D model via a warped extra dimension model with three 3-branes. While the hierarchy problem is taken cared of by the localization of the Higgs fields on the TeV brane just as in the original Randall-Sundrum model, the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry is realized as a gauge symmetry in the bulk of the extra dimension to solve the axion quality problem. We introduce a 5D scalar field whose potential at the intermediate brane drives spontaneous breaking of the PQ symmetry. Then, the PQ breaking scale is given by the scale of the intermediate brane and is naturally small compared to the Planck scale. The axion bulk profile is significantly suppressed around the UV brane, which protects the axion from gravitational violations of the PQ symmetry on the UV brane. Our model genuinely predicts the existence of the Kaluza-Klein excitations of the QCD axion at around the TeV scale and relatively light extra Higgs bosons.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures
A Zn(II) luminescent complex with a Schiff base ligand: Solution, computational and solid-state studies
Creators: name: Martínez, Sebastián
name: Igoa, Fernando
name: Carrera, Ignacio
name: Seoane, Gustavo
name: Veiga, Nicolás
name: Camargo, Andrea S. S. De
name: Kremer, Carlos
name: Torres, Julia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: A new mononuclear complex of zinc(II), [Zn(HL)2]∙2DMF (H2L = (E)-N’-((E)-(hydroxyimino)butan-2-ylidene)salicyloylhydrazide, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide), was prepared and characterized. Single crystal X-ray crystallography revealed a six-coordinate zinc(II) surrounded by nitrogen of the oxime function and oxygen and distal nitrogens of the acylhydrazone group. This entity also exists in solution as demonstrated by 1H-NMR and potentiometric titrations. The computational analysis showed that the molecular orbitals involved in the main electronic transitions of the complex species in solution are centered on the ligand with negligible contribution of the metal ion. The photophysical properties of the complex were evaluated in solution and in the solid state. Luminescence studies showed that the solid has a strong emission at 550 nm with a large Stokes shift with respect to absorption. The solid-state fluorescence emission is ascribed to ligand-centered and/or ligand-to-ligand charge transfer transitions, following the DFT results in solution. A comparison with a previously reported mononuclear [Zn(HL)2] allowed the investigation of the influence of DMF molecules in the structural packing and the luminescence properties.
Real-space density kernel method for Kohn-Sham density functional theory calculations at high temperature
Creators: name: Xu, Qimen
name: Jing, Xin
name: Zhang, Boqin
name: Pask, John E.
name: Suryanarayana, Phanish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kohn-Sham density functional theory calculations using conventional diagonalization based methods become increasingly expensive as temperature increases due to the need to compute increasing numbers of partially occupied states. We present a density matrix based method for Kohn-Sham calculations at high temperature that eliminates the need for diagonalization entirely, thus reducing the cost of such calculations significantly. Specifically, we develop real-space expressions for the electron density, electronic free energy, Hellmann-Feynman forces, and Hellmann-Feynman stress tensor in terms of an orthonormal auxiliary orbital basis and its density kernel transform, the density kernel being the matrix representation of the density operator in the auxiliary basis. Using Chebyshev filtering to generate the auxiliary basis, we next develop an approach akin to Clenshaw-Curtis spectral quadrature to calculate the individual columns of the density kernel based on the Fermi operator expansion in Chebyshev polynomials; and employ a similar approach to evaluate band structure and entropic energy components. We implement the proposed formulation in the SPARC electronic structure code, using which we show systematic convergence of the aforementioned quantities to exact diagonalization results, and obtain significant speedups relative to conventional diagonalization based methods. Finally, we employ the new method to compute the self-diffusion coefficient and viscosity of aluminum at 116,045 K from Kohn-Sham quantum molecular dynamics, where we find agreement with previous more approximate orbital-free density functional methods.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Data driven decision making to characterize clinical personas of parents of children with cystic fibrosis: a mixed methods study
Creators: name: Szczesniak, Rhonda D.
name: Pestian, Teresa
name: Duan, Leo L.
name: Li, Dan
name: Stamper, Sophia
name: Ferrara, Brycen
name: Kramer, Elizabeth
name: Clancy, John P.
name: Grossoehme, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Flavored ABJM theory on the sphere and holographic F-functions
Creators: name: Jokela, Niko
name: Kastikainen, Jani
name: Kiritsis, Elias
name: Nitti, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study strongly coupled ABJM theory on the 3-sphere with massive quenched flavor using the AdS/CFT correspondence. The holographic dual consists of type IIA supergravity with probe D6-branes. The flavor mass is a relevant deformation driving an RG flow whose IR endpoint is pure ABJM theory. At non-zero mass, we find that the theory on the 3-sphere exhibits a quantum phase transition at a critical value of the sphere radius. The transition corresponds to a topology change in the D6-brane embeddings whose dual interpretation is the meson-melting transition. We perform the holographic computation of the free energy on 3-sphere and we use it to construct various candidate F-functions. These were recently proposed in the context of Einstein-scalar gravity to interpolate monotonically between the values of the sphere free energies of the UV and IR CFTs. We find that while the F-functions of the flavored ABJM theory have the correct UV and IR limits, they are not monotonic. We surmise that the non-monotonicity is related to the presence of the phase transition.
description: 52 pages, 9 figures, v3 includes three new references and small corrections, matches the published version
Image Crowd Counting Using Convolutional Neural Network and Markov Random Field
Creators: name: Han, Kang
name: Wan, Wanggen
name: Yao, Haiyan
name: Hou, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a method called Convolutional Neural Network-Markov Random Field (CNN-MRF) to estimate the crowd count in a still image. We first divide the dense crowd visible image into overlapping patches and then use a deep convolutional neural network to extract features from each patch image, followed by a fully connected neural network to regress the local patch crowd count. Since the local patches have overlapping portions, the crowd count of the adjacent patches has a high correlation. We use this correlation and the Markov random field to smooth the counting results of the local patches. Experiments show that our approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on UCF and Shanghaitech crowd counting datasets.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, JACIII Vol.21 No.4
title: 01_1232
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Modeling of quantitative relationships between physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients and tensile strength of tablets using a boosted tree
Creators: name: Hayashi, Yoshihiro
name: Oishi, Takuya
name: Kaede Shirotori
name: Marumo, Yuki
name: Kosugi, Atsushi
name: Shungo Kumada
name: Daijiro Hirai
name: Takayama, Kozo
name: Onuki, Yoshinori
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the potential of boosted tree (BT) to develop a correlation model between active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) characteristics and a tensile strength (TS) of tablets as critical quality attributes. Methods: First, we evaluated 81 kinds of API characteristics, such as particle size distribution, bulk density, tapped density, Hausner ratio, moisture content, elastic recovery, molecular weight, and partition coefficient. Next, we prepared tablets containing 50% API, 49% microcrystalline cellulose, and 1% magnesium stearate using direct compression at 6, 8, and 10 kN, and measured TS. Then, we applied BT to our dataset to develop a correlation model. Finally, the constructed BT model was validated using k-fold cross-validation. Results: Results showed that the BT model achieved high-performance statistics, whereas multiple regression analysis resulted in poor estimations. Sensitivity analysis of the BT model revealed that diameter of powder particles at the 10th percentile of the cumulative percentage size distribution was the most crucial factor for TS. In addition, the influences of moisture content, partition coefficients, and modal diameter were appreciably meaningful factors. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that BT model could provide comprehensive understanding of the latent structure underlying APIs and TS of tablets.
On the dynamical evolution of Cepheids in star clusters
Creators: name: Dinnbier, František
name: Anderson, Richard I.
name: Kroupa, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the occurrence of classical (type-I) Cepheid variable stars (henceforth: Cepheids) in dynamically evolving star clusters from birth to an age of approximately 300 Myr. The clusters are modelled by the Aarseth code nbody6, and they feature a realistic stellar initial mass function and initial binary star population, single star and binary star evolution, expulsion of the primordial gas, and the tidal field of the galaxy. Our simulations provide the first detailed dynamical picture of how frequently Cepheids remain gravitationally bound to their birth clusters versus how frequently they occur in the field. They allow us to quantify the relevance of various cluster escape mechanisms and how they depend on stellar mass. Overall, the simulations agree with the empirical picture that a small fraction ($\approx 10\%$) of Cepheids reside in clusters, that cluster halo membership is relatively common, and that the majority of Cepheid hosting clusters have only a single Cepheid member. Additionally, the simulations predict that a) Cepheid progenitors are much more likely to escape from low-mass than higher-mass clusters; b) higher-mass (long-period) Cepheids are $\approx 30\%$ more likely to be found in clusters than low-mass (short-period) Cepheids; c) the clustered Cepheid fraction increases with galactocentric radius since cluster dispersal is less efficient at greater radii; d) a lower metallicity reduces the overall clustered Cepheid fraction; e) high-mass clusters are much more likely to have more than one Cepheid member at any given time, in particular at a lower metallicity. We interpret the results as outcomes of various aspects of star cluster dynamics. The comparison of predicted and observed clustered Cepheid fractions, $f_{\rm CC}$, highlights the need for additional cluster disruption mechanisms, most likely encounters with giant molecular clouds.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, accepted by A&A
Thermalization near integrability in a dipolar quantum Newton's cradle
Creators: name: Tang, Yijun
name: Kao, Wil
name: Li, Kuan-Yu
name: Seo, Sangwon
name: Mallayya, Krishnanand
name: Rigol, Marcos
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
name: Lev, Benjamin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isolated quantum many-body systems with integrable dynamics generically do not thermalize when taken far from equilibrium. As one perturbs such systems away from the integrable point, thermalization sets in, but the nature of the crossover from integrable to thermalizing behavior is an unresolved and actively discussed question. We explore this question by studying the dynamics of the momentum distribution function in a dipolar quantum Newton's cradle consisting of highly magnetic dysprosium atoms. This is accomplished by creating the first one-dimensional Bose gas with strong magnetic dipole-dipole interactions. These interactions provide tunability of both the strength of the integrability-breaking perturbation and the nature of the near-integrable dynamics. We provide the first experimental evidence that thermalization close to a strongly interacting integrable point occurs in two steps: prethermalization followed by near-exponential thermalization. Exact numerical calculations on a two-rung lattice model yield a similar two-timescale process, suggesting that this is generic in strongly interacting near-integrable models. Moreover, the measured thermalization rate is consistent with a parameter-free theoretical estimate, based on identifying the types of collisions that dominate thermalization. By providing tunability between regimes of integrable and nonintegrable dynamics, our work sheds light both on the mechanisms by which isolated quantum many-body systems thermalize, and on the temporal structure of the onset of thermalization.
description: 6 figures, 9 pages main text; 12 appendices with 12 figures
Colletotrichine B, a new sesquiterpenoid from Colletotrichum gloeosporioides GT-7, a fungal endophyte of Uncaria rhynchophylla
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-Wei
name: Zhong-Duo Yang
name: Li, Xiao-Fei
name: Sun, Jian-Hui
name: Yang, Li-Jun
name: Zhang, Xin-Guo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology

description: One new compound, colletotrichine B (1), was produced by the fungal Colletotrichum gloeosporioides GT-7. The structure of 1 was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Monoamine oxidase (MAO), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3Kα) inhibitory activity of 1 was also evaluated. Compound 1 showed only AChE inhibiting activity with IC50 value of 38.0 ± 2.67 μg/mL.