cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Roles of Molecular Marker in Varietal Identification
Creators: name: Niyaj Ahamad1, Adesh Kumar1, Saba Siddiqui2, D.K. Dwivedi1, Ashish Kumar1, Minakshi3, Vandna Kushwaha1
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Molecular markers are vital tools in varietal identification within plant breeding. They enable genetic differentiation, distinguishing visually similar varieties, genetic fingerprinting, and unique barcode creation for each variety. Molecular markers also aid in parentage verification, clonal identification, purity testing, and marker-assisted selection. They contribute to germplasm conservation by ensuring integrity and establish varietal distinctness for intellectual property protection. These markers assist in identifying genes related to disease resistance and stress tolerance and enable comparative genomics studies for understanding genetic relationships.
Counting 1/8-BPS Dual-Giants
Creators: name: Mandal, Gautam
name: Suryanarayana, Nemani V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We count 1/8-BPS states in type IIB string theory on AdS_5 x S^5 background which carry three independent angular momenta on S^5. These states can be counted by considering configurations of multiple dual-giant gravitons up to N in number which share at least four supersymmetries. We map this counting problem to that of counting the energy eigen states of a system of N bosons in a 3-dimensional harmonic oscillator. We also count 1/8-BPS states with two independent non-zero spins in AdS_5 and one non-zero angular momentum on S^5 by considering configurations of arbitrary number of giant gravitons that share at least four supersymmetries.
description: 19 pages
Learning on Attribute-Missing Graphs
Creators: name: Chen, Xu
name: Chen, Siheng
name: Yao, Jiangchao
name: Zheng, Huangjie
name: Zhang, Ya
name: Tsang, Ivor W
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graphs with complete node attributes have been widely explored recently. While in practice, there is a graph where attributes of only partial nodes could be available and those of the others might be entirely missing. This attribute-missing graph is related to numerous real-world applications and there are limited studies investigating the corresponding learning problems. Existing graph learning methods including the popular GNN cannot provide satisfied learning performance since they are not specified for attribute-missing graphs. Thereby, designing a new GNN for these graphs is a burning issue to the graph learning community. In this paper, we make a shared-latent space assumption on graphs and develop a novel distribution matching based GNN called structure-attribute transformer (SAT) for attribute-missing graphs. SAT leverages structures and attributes in a decoupled scheme and achieves the joint distribution modeling of structures and attributes by distribution matching techniques. It could not only perform the link prediction task but also the newly introduced node attribute completion task. Furthermore, practical measures are introduced to quantify the performance of node attribute completion. Extensive experiments on seven real-world datasets indicate SAT shows better performance than other methods on both link prediction and node attribute completion tasks. Codes and data are available online: https://github.com/xuChenSJTU/SAT-master-online
description: This paper is to appear in IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE (TPAMI), 2020
The unusual distribution of molecular gas and star formation in Arp 140
Creators: name: Cullen, H.
name: Alexander, P.
name: Green, D. A.
name: Clemens, M.
name: Sheth, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the atomic and molecular interstellar medium and star formation of NGC 275, the late-type spiral galaxy in Arp 140, which is interacting with NGC 274, an early-type system. The atomic gas (HI) observations reveal a tidal tail from NGC 275 which extends many optical radii beyond the interacting pair. The HI morphology implies a prograde encounter between the galaxy pair approximately 1.5 x 10**8 years ago. The Halpha emission from NGC 275 indicates clumpy irregular star-formation, clumpiness which is mirrored by the underlying mass distribution as traced by the Ks-band emission. The molecular gas distribution is striking in its anti-correlation with the {HII regions. Despite the evolved nature of NGC 275's interaction and its barred potential, neither the molecular gas nor the star formation are centrally concentrated. We suggest that this structure results from stochastic star formation leading to preferential consumption of the gas in certain regions of the galaxy. In contrast to the often assumed picture of interacting galaxies, NGC 275, which appears to be close to merger, does not display enhanced or centrally concentrated star formation. If the eventual merger is to lead to a significant burst of star formation it must be preceded by a significant conversion of atomic to molecular gas as at the current rate of star formation all the molecular gas will be exhausted by the time the merger is complete.
description: 13 paper, accepted my Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Experimental Evidence of Black Holes
Creators: name: Mueller, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical black holes are solutions of the field equations of General Relativity. Many astronomical observations suggest that black holes really exist in nature. However, an unambiguous proof for their existence is still lacking. Neither event horizon nor intrinsic curvature singularity have been observed by means of astronomical techniques. This paper introduces to particular features of black holes. Then, we give a synopsis on current astronomical techniques to detect black holes. Further methods are outlined that will become important in the near future. For the first time, the zoo of black hole detection techniques is completely presented and classified into kinematical, spectro-relativistic, accretive, eruptive, obscurative, aberrative, temporal, and gravitational-wave induced verification methods. Principal and technical obstacles avoid undoubtfully proving black hole existence. We critically discuss alternatives to the black hole. However, classical rotating Kerr black holes are still the best theoretical model to explain astronomical observations.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures. Proceedings contribution to invited seminar talk given at the School on Particle Physics, Gravity and Cosmology, Dubrovnik, 21 Aug - 2 Sep 2006, eds. L. Bonora, S. Fajfer, R. Iengo, D. Klabucar, S. Pallua, I. Picek. Accepted for publication on PoS
title: Sunset over the Red Ensign : the decline of the British deep sea shipping 1945-89
Creators: name: Shore, Philip
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 1990

description: This thesis investigates the decline of the British deep sea merchant fleet over the period 1945-1989, a decline evident in both relative terms against its major competitors and from the mid-1970s in a dramatic fall in tonnage of the British-owned fleet. For the purposes of analysing the industry's poor performance, it is necessary to divide the period into three distinct phases: post-war reconstruction without radical innovation (1945-65); rapid technological and market developments (1966-73); and severe, prolonged depression (1974-89). Methodologically, therefore, explanations valid in one phase need not apply throughout the whole period. Chapter One sets out the scope of the study, sUlll1l8.I'ises the declining fortunes of British shipping, and explains the approaches used to identify its causes. Chapters two to six present analytical treatments of these causes. First, British technological changes. shipowners were slow to respond to the massive Second, they took a pessimistic view of the markets and were reluctant to engage in new ventures until the mid-1950s. In 1958-66 and again from 1973 all shipowners had to contend with severe depressions. TIlird, there was a lack of action in controlling operating costs before 1965 and again from 1973. In the first period shipowners proved unwilling to use external finance, although the drawbacks of the more progressive policy were evident from 1974. Fourth, the government restricted profitability and increased the tax burden until more aid was provided from 1956, while other states' protectionism hit liner operators. Fifth, the shipowners were reduced by continual attrition, from the 1960s by consolidation of ownership and by diversification out of. These in turn reflected a chanie in the nature of management traditional control by the founding families. Chapters Seven shipping rom the am Eight comprise five case-studies of a representative selection of shipowners in relation to issues raised in the preceding analytical chapters.
On the impossibility of measuring the general relativistic part of the terrestrial acceleration of gravity with superconducting gravimeters
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we very preliminarily investigate the possibility of measuring the post-Newtonian general relativistic gravitoelectric and gravitomagnetic components of the acceleration of gravity on the Earth, in continuous regime, with two absolute measurements at the equator and the south pole with superconducting gravimeters. The magnitudes of such relativistic effects are 10^-10 m s^-2 and 10^-11 m s^-2, respectively. Unfortunately, the present-day uncertainties in the Earth's geodetic parameters which enter the classical Newtonian terms induce systematic errors 1-2 orders of magnitude larger than the relativistic ones. Moreover, a \sim 1 ngal sensitivity can be reached by the currently available superconducting gravimeters, but only for relative measurements.
description: Latex2e, 7 pages, no figures, 1 table, 17 references. Revised version, to appear in Geophysical Journal International
Supercurrent reversal in quantum dots
Creators: name: van Dam, Jorden A.
name: Nazarov, Yuli V.
name: Bakkers, Erik P. A. M.
name: De Franceschi, Silvano
name: Kouwenhoven, Leo P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When two superconductors become electrically connected by a weak link a zero-resistance supercurrent can flow. This supercurrent is carried by Cooper pairs of electrons with a combined charge of twice the elementary charge, e. The 2e charge quantum is clearly visible in the height of Shapiro steps in Josephson junctions under microwave irradiation and in the magnetic flux periodicity of h/2e in superconducting quantum interference devices. Several different materials have been used to weakly couple superconductors, such as tunnel barriers, normal metals, or semiconductors. Here, we study supercurrents through a quantum dot created in a semiconductor nanowire by local electrostatic gating. Due to strong Coulomb interaction, electrons only tunnel one-by-one through the discrete energy levels of the quantum dot. This nevertheless can yield a supercurrent when subsequent tunnel events are coherent. These quantum coherent tunnelling processes can result in either a positive or a negative supercurrent, i.e. in a normal or a pi-junction, respectively. We demonstrate that the supercurrent reverses sign by adding a single electron spin to the quantum dot. When excited states of the quantum dot are involved in transport, the supercurrent sign also depends on the character of the orbital wavefunctions.
Spin-charge rotating local reference frames: a unified U(2)=U(1)xSU(2) approach to the interacting electrons
Creators: name: Kopec, Tadeusz. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spin-charge unifying description for the Hubbard model based on the time dependent local gauge transformations is developed. The collective variables for charge and spin are isolated in the form of the space-time fluctuating U(1) phase field and rotating spin quantization axis governed by the SU(2) symmetry, respectively. As a result interacting electrons appear as a composite objects consisting of bare fermions with attached U(1) and SU(2) gauge fields. We elaborate on the microscopic origins of the effective action with the Coulomb interaction that contain topological theta terms. Furthermore, we unravel the link between non-trivial multiply-connected topological structure of the U(2)=U(1)$\otimes$SU(2) configurational space for gauge fields and the instanton contribution to the statistical sum.
description: 5 pages, Proceedings of the XXX International Conference of Theoretical Physics: Electron Correlations in nano- and macrosystems (ECNM06 Ustron, Poland); to be published in Phys. Stat. Solidi B
Cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy
Creators: name: Thorpe, Michael J.
name: Ye, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy combines broad spectral bandwidth, high spectral resolution, precise frequency calibration, and ultrahigh detection sensitivity, all in one experimental platform based on an optical frequency comb interacting with a high-finesse optical cavity. Precise control of the optical frequency comb allows highly efficient, coherent coupling of individual comb components with corresponding resonant modes of the high-finesse cavity. The long cavity lifetime dramatically enhances the effective interaction between the light field and intracavity matter, increasing the sensitivity for measurement of optical losses by a factor that is on the order of the cavity finesse. The use of low-dispersion mirrors permits almost the entire spectral bandwidth of the frequency comb to be employed for detection, covering a range of ~10% of the actual optical frequency. The light transmitted from the cavity is spectrally resolved to provide a multitude of detection channels with spectral resolutions ranging from a several gigahertz to hundreds of kilohertz. In this review we will discuss the principle of cavity-enhanced direct frequency comb spectroscopy and the various implementations of such systems. In particular, we discuss several types of UV, optical, and IR frequency comb sources and optical cavity designs that can be used for specific spectroscopic applications. We present several cavity-comb coupling methods to take advantage of the broad spectral bandwidth and narrow spectral components of a frequency comb. Finally, we present a series of experimental measurements on trace gas detections, human breath analysis, and characterization of cold molecular beams.
description: 36 pages, 27 figures
JUDICIAL REVIEW AND CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPRETATION IN THE UK AND INDIA
Creators: name: Dr. Goutam Banerjee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Judicial review and constitutional interpretation have become pivotal in shaping legal landscapes and democratic accountability in both India and the UK, especially from 2020 to 2024. This study is essential due to increasing judicial assertiveness, legislative challenges, and interpretative inconsistencies, which threaten constitutional coherence. It aims to comparatively analyze the forms, scope, and impacts of judicial review across both nations. Employing a qualitative comparative methodology with secondary data from 2,637 Supreme Court cases, the study utilized descriptive and inferential statistics-including chi-square tests (χ² = 118.76, p < 0.001), Z-tests (Z = 12.87, p < 0.001), ANOVA (F = 24.91, p < 0.001), correlation (r = 0.94), and regression analysis (R² = 0.87). Findings show India favored substantive review (650 cases) and activist rulings (55%), while the UK emphasized proportionality (280 cases) and judicial restraint (70%). India struck down 18 legislative provisions versus the UK’s 5, with purposive interpretation (β = 0.58) and activist rulings (β = 0.63) strongly predicting invalidation. A strong correlation (r = 0.89) was found between activism and contradictory rulings in India. The study concludes that while India’s judiciary enhances rights, it risks inconsistency, whereas the UK preserves legislative supremacy through cautious adjudication. Implications include the need for harmonized interpretation in India and balanced rights review in the UK. Recommendations involve institutionalizing constitutional review mechanisms and judicial training in interpretive best practices.
JWST/NIRCam Narrowband Survey of Pa$β$ Emitters in the Spiderweb Protocluster at z=2.16
Creators: name: Shimakawa, Rhythm
name: Perez-Martinez, J. M.
name: Dannerbauer, Helmut
name: Koyama, Yusei
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Perez-Gonzalez, Pablo G.
name: D'Eugenio, Chiara
name: Zhang, Yuheng
name: Naufal, Abdurrahman
name: Daikuhara, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the initial result of our Pa$β$ narrowband imaging on a protocluster with the JWST Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam). As NIRCam enables deep narrowband imaging of rest-frame NIR lines at $z>1$, we target one of the most studied protoclusters, the Spiderweb protocluster at $z=2.16$, in which previous studies have confirmed more than a hundred member galaxies. The NIRCam F405N narrowband filter covers in Pa$β$ line the protocluster redshift given by known protocluster members, allowing the search for new member candidates. The weight-corrected color-magnitude diagram obtained 57 sources showing narrowband excesses, 41 of which satisfy further color selection criteria for limiting the sample to Pa$β$ emitter candidates at $z\sim2.16$, and 24 of them do not have H$α$ emitter counterparts. The Pa$β$ emitter candidates appear to follow the spatial distribution of known protocluster members; however, follow-up spectroscopic confirmation is required. Only 17 out of 58 known H$α$-emitting cluster members are selected as Pa$β$ emitters in the current data, albeit the rest fall out of the narrowband selection owing to their small Pa$β$ equivalent widths. We derive Pa$β$ luminosity function in the Spiderweb protocluster, showing a normalization density of $\log{ϕ^\ast}=-2.53\pm0.15$ at a characteristic Pa$β$ luminosity of $\log{L^\ast}=42.33\pm0.17$. Furthermore, we examine the possibility of detecting faint line emitters visible only in the narrow-band image, but find no promising candidates.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables; Accepted for publication in ApJ
Lattice measurement of $B_{B_s}$ with a chiral light quark action
Creators: name: Blossier, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The computation on the lattice of the bag parameter $B_{B_s}$ associated to the $B_s - \bar{B_s}$ mixing amplitude in the Standard Model is presented. The estimation has been made by combining the static limit of HQET and the Neuberger light quark action which preserves the chiral symmetry on the lattice. We find $B^{\bar{MS}}{stat}}_{B_s}(m_b)=0.92(3)$.
description: Talk given at QCD06, Montpellier July 06, 5 pages, 3 figures, preprint DESY 07-010
Computational Complexity of Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Zhao, Yi-Bo
name: Gui, You-Zhen
name: Chen, Jin-Jian
name: Han, Zheng-Fu
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuous variable quantum key distribution has been considered to have the potential to provide high secret key rate. However, in present experimental demonstrations, the secret key can be distilled only under very small loss rates. Here, by calculating explicitly the computational complexity with the channel transmission, we show that under high loss rate it is hard to distill the secret key in present continuous variable scheme and one of its advantages, the potential of providing high secret key rate, may therefore be limited.
Data-efficient Online Classification with Siamese Networks and Active Learning
Creators: name: Malialis, Kleanthis
name: Panayiotou, Christos G.
name: Polycarpou, Marios M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An ever increasing volume of data is nowadays becoming available in a streaming manner in many application areas, such as, in critical infrastructure systems, finance and banking, security and crime and web analytics. To meet this new demand, predictive models need to be built online where learning occurs on-the-fly. Online learning poses important challenges that affect the deployment of online classification systems to real-life problems. In this paper we investigate learning from limited labelled, nonstationary and imbalanced data in online classification. We propose a learning method that synergistically combines siamese neural networks and active learning. The proposed method uses a multi-sliding window approach to store data, and maintains separate and balanced queues for each class. Our study shows that the proposed method is robust to data nonstationarity and imbalance, and significantly outperforms baselines and state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of both learning speed and performance. Importantly, it is effective even when only 1% of the labels of the arriving instances are available.
description: 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), Glasgow, UK, 2020
Entanglement purification protocols for all graph states
Creators: name: Kruszynska, Caroline
name: Miyake, Akimasa
name: Briegel, Hans J.
name: Dür, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multiparty entanglement purification protocols that are capable of purifying arbitrary graph states directly. We develop recurrence and breeding protocols and compare our methods with strategies based on bipartite entanglement purification in static and communication scenarios. We find that direct multiparty purification is of advantage with respect to achievable yields and minimal required fidelity in static scenarios, and with respect to obtainable fidelity in the case of noisy operations in both scenarios.
description: revtex 10 pages, 6 figures
Layer-specific Optimization for Mixed Data Flow with Mixed Precision in FPGA Design for CNN-based Object Detectors
Creators: name: Nguyen, Duy Thanh
name: Kim, Hyun
name: Lee, Hyuk-Jae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) require both intensive computation and frequent memory access, which lead to a low processing speed and large power dissipation. Although the characteristics of the different layers in a CNN are frequently quite different, previous hardware designs have employed common optimization schemes for them. This paper proposes a layer-specific design that employs different organizations that are optimized for the different layers. The proposed design employs two layer-specific optimizations: layer-specific mixed data flow and layer-specific mixed precision. The mixed data flow aims to minimize the off-chip access while demanding a minimal on-chip memory (BRAM) resource of an FPGA device. The mixed precision quantization is to achieve both a lossless accuracy and an aggressive model compression, thereby further reducing the off-chip access. A Bayesian optimization approach is used to select the best sparsity for each layer, achieving the best trade-off between the accuracy and compression. This mixing scheme allows the entire network model to be stored in BRAMs of the FPGA to aggressively reduce the off-chip access, and thereby achieves a significant performance enhancement. The model size is reduced by 22.66-28.93 times compared to that in a full-precision network with a negligible degradation of accuracy on VOC, COCO, and ImageNet datasets. Furthermore, the combination of mixed dataflow and mixed precision significantly outperforms the previous works in terms of both throughput, off-chip access, and on-chip memory requirement.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transaction on Circuit and System for Video Technology
Search for bottleneck effects in Penna ageing and Schulze language model
Creators: name: Malarz, Krzysztof
name: Stauffer, Dietrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: No influence was seen when in two models with memory effects the populations were drastically decreased after equilibrium was established, and then allowed to increase again.
description: RevTeX4, 2 pages, 2 figures with 3 eps files
Paradoxical phase response of gamma rhythms facilitates their entrainment in heterogeneous networks
Creators: name: Xu, Xize
name: Riecke, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The synchronization of different $γ$-rhythms arising in different brain areas has been implicated in various cognitive functions. Here, we focus on the effect of the ubiquitous neuronal heterogeneity on the synchronization of PING (pyramidal-interneuronal network gamma) and ING (interneuronal network gamma) rhythms. The synchronization properties of rhythms depends on the response of their collective phase to external input. We therefore determined the macroscopic phase-response curve for finite-amplitude perturbations (fmPRC), using numerical simulation of all-to-all coupled networks of integrate-and-fire (IF) neurons exhibiting either PING or ING rhythms. We show that the intrinsic neuronal heterogeneity can qualitatively modify the fmPRC. While the phase-response curve for the individual IF-neurons is strictly positive (type I), the fmPRC can be biphasic and exhibit both signs (type II). Thus, for PING rhythms, an external excitation to the excitatory cells can, in fact, delay the collective oscillation of the network, even though the same excitation would lead to an advance when applied to uncoupled neurons. This paradoxical delay arises when the external excitation modifies the internal dynamics of the network by causing additional spikes of inhibitory neurons, whose delaying within-network inhibition outweighs the immediate advance caused by the external excitation. These results explain how intrinsic heterogeneity allows the PING rhythm to become synchronized with a periodic forcing or another PING rhythm for a wider range in the mismatch of their frequencies. We demonstrate a similar mechanism for the synchronization of ING rhythms. Our results identify a potential function of neuronal heterogeneity in the synchronization of coupled $γ$-rhythms, which may play a role in neural information transfer via communication through coherence.
description: 24 pages, 7 Figs, 3 Supp Figs
Matüridi Kelam Ekolünde Nesefiler ve Ebu Hafs Ömer en-Nesefi'nin İtikadi Görüşleri
Creators: name: Demir, Abdullah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Mâtürîdî
Mâtürîdîlik
Nesefîler
Ebû Hafs Ömer en-Nesefî
Necmeddin en-Nesedî
Metnü'l-Akâid

description: Mâtürîdî Kelâm Ekolünde Nesefîler ve Ebû Hafs Ömer en-Nesefî’nin İtikâdî Görüşleri
description: Abdullah Demir. Mâtürîdî Kelâm Ekolünde Nesefîler ve Ebû Hafs Ömer en-Nesefî'nin İtikâdî Görüşleri. Lisans Bitirme Tezi, Uludağ Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi, Bursa, Turkey, 2002.
Feasibility of single-order parameter description of equilibrium viscous liquid dynamics
Creators: name: Pedersen, Ulf R.
name: Christensen, Tage
name: Schrøder, Thomas B.
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics results for the dynamic Prigogine-Defay ratio are presented for two glass-forming liquids, thus evaluating the experimentally relevant quantity for testing whether metastable-equilibrium liquid dynamics to a good approximation are described by a single parameter. For the Kob-Andersen binary Lennard-Jones mixture as well as for an asymmetric dumbbell model liquid a single-parameter description works quite well. This is confirmed by time-domain results where it is found that energy and pressure fluctuations are strongly correlated on the alpha-time scale in the NVT ensemble; in the NpT ensemble energy and volume fluctuations similarly correlate strongly.
description: Phys. Rev. E, in press
Radio halos in a mass-selected sample of 75 galaxy clusters. I. Sample selection and data analysis
Creators: name: Cuciti, V.
name: Cassano, R.
name: Brunetti, G.
name: Dallacasa, D.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Giacintucci, S.
name: Bonafede, A.
name: de Gasperin, F.
name: Ettori, S.
name: Kale, R.
name: Pratt, G. W.
name: Venturi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio halos are synchrotron diffuse sources at the centre of a fraction of galaxy clusters. The study of large samples of clusters with adequate radio and X-ray data is necessary to investigate the origin of radio halos and their connection with the cluster dynamics and formation history. The aim of this paper is to compile a well-selected sample of galaxy clusters with deep radio observations to perform an unbiased statistical study of the properties of radio halos. We selected 75 clusters with M > = 6e14 Msun at z=0.08-0.33 from the Planck Sunyaev-Zel'dovich catalogue. Clusters without suitable radio data were observed with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) and/or the Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) to complete the information about the possible presence of diffuse emission. We used archival Chandra X-ray data to derive information on the clusters' dynamical states. This observational campaign led to the detection of several cluster-scale diffuse radio sources and candidates that deserve future follow-up observations. Here we summarise their properties and add information resulting from our new observations. For the clusters where we did not detect any hint of diffuse emission, we derived new upper limits to their diffuse flux. We have built the largest mass-selected (> 80 per cent complete in mass) sample of galaxy clusters with deep radio observations available to date. The statistical analysis of the sample, which includes the connection between radio halos and cluster mergers, the radio power-mass correlation, and the occurrence of radio halos as a function of the cluster mass, will be presented in paper II.
description: 35 pages, 42 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Electronic Raman Scattering in Suspended Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Hu, Yuecong
name: Chen, Shaochuang
name: Zhang, Daqi
name: Cong, Xin
name: Sun, Sida
name: Wu, Jiangbin
name: Yang, Feng
name: Yang, Juan
name: Tan, Ping-heng
name: Li, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic Raman scattering (ERS) features of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can reveal a wealth of information about their electronic structures, but have previously been thought to appear exclusively in metallic (M-) but not in semiconducting (S-) SWNTs. We report the experimental observation of the ERS features with an accuracy of 1 meV in suspended S-SWNTs, the processes of which are accomplished via the available high-energy electron-hole pairs. The ERS features can facilitate further systematic studies on the properties of SWNT, both metallic and semiconducting, with defined chirality.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures and 1 table
Radio halos in a mass-selected sample of 75 galaxy clusters. II. Statistical analysis
Creators: name: Cuciti, V.
name: Cassano, R.
name: Brunetti, G.
name: Dallacasa, D.
name: de Gasperin, F.
name: Ettori, S.
name: Giacintucci, S.
name: Kale, R.
name: Pratt, G. W.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Venturi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many galaxy clusters host Mpc scale diffuse radio sources called radio halos. Their origin is connected to the processes that lead to the formation of clusters themselves. In order to unveil this connection, statistical studies of radio halos are necessary. We selected a sample of galaxy clusters with M500>6e14Msun and z=0.08-0.33 from the Planck SZ catalogue. In paper I, we presented the radio and X-ray data analysis that we carried out on these clusters. Here, we study the radio properties of the sample, in connection to the mass and dynamical state of clusters. We used the dynamical information derived from the X-ray data to assess the role of mergers in the origin of radio halos. We studied the distribution of clusters in the radio power-mass diagram and the role of dynamics on the radio luminosity and emissivity of radio halos. We measured the occurrence of radio halos as a function of the cluster mass and we compared it with the expectations of turbulent acceleration models. We found that more than the 90% of radio halos are in merging clusters and that their radio power correlates with the mass of the host clusters. The correlation shows a large dispersion. Interestingly, we showed that cluster dynamics contributes significantly to this dispersion with more disturbed clusters being more radio luminous. Clusters without radio halos are generally relaxed and the upper limits to their diffuse emission lie below the correlation. We showed that the radio emissivity of clusters exhibits an apparent bimodality, with the emissivity of radio halos being at least 5 times larger than the non-emission associated with more relaxed clusters. We found that the fraction of radio halos drops from ~70% in high mass clusters to ~35% in the lower mass systems of the sample and we showed that this result is in good agreement with the expectations from turbulent re-acceleration models.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
MIMAC-He3 : MIcro-tpc MAtrix of Chambers of He3
Creators: name: Santos, D.
name: Guillaudin, O.
name: Lamy, T.
name: Mayet, F.
name: Moulin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The project of a micro-TPC matrix of chambers of He3 for direct detection of non-baryonic dark matter is outlined. The privileged properties of He3 are highlighted. The double detection (ionization - projection of tracks) will assure the electron-recoil discrimination. The complementarity of MIMAC-He3 for supersymmetric dark matter search with respect to other experiments is illustrated. The modular character of the detector allows to have different gases to get A-dependence. The pressure degreee of freedom gives the possibility to work at high and low pressure. The low pressure regime gives the possibility to get the directionality of the tracks. The first measurements of ionization at very few keVs for He3 in He4 gas are described.
A functorial construction of moduli of sheaves
Creators: name: Álvarez-Cónsul, Luis
name: King, Alastair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show how natural functors from the category of coherent sheaves on a projective scheme to categories of Kronecker modules can be used to construct moduli spaces of semistable sheaves. This construction simplifies or clarifies technical aspects of existing constructions and yields new simpler definitions of theta functions, about which more complete results can be proved.
description: 52 pp. Dedicated to the memory of Joseph Le Potier. To appear in Inventiones Mathematicae. Slight change in the definition of the Kronecker algebra in Secs 1 (p3) and 2.2 (p6), with corresponding small alterations elsewhere, to make the constructions work for non-reduced schemes. Section 6.5 rewritten. Remark 2.6 and new references added
Frege's Theory of Real Numbers: A consistent Rendering
Creators: name: Boccuni, Francesca
name: Panza, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Frege's definition of the real numbers, as envisaged in the second volume of \textit{Grundgesetze der Arithmetik}, is fatally flawed by the inconsistency of Frege's ill-fated \textit{Basic Law V}. We restate Frege's definition in a consistent logical framework and investigate whether it can provide a logical foundation of real analysis. Our conclusion will deem it doubtful that such a foundation along the lines of Frege's own indications is possible at all.
Dynamical masses of two young globular clusters in the blue compact galaxy ESO 338-IG04
Creators: name: Ostlin, Goran
name: Cumming, Robert J.
name: Bergvall, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution echelle spectroscopy, obtained with the UVES spectrograph on ESO/VLT, of two luminous star clusters in the metal-poor blue compact galaxy ESO 338-IG04 at a distance of 37.5 Mpc. Cross-correlating with template stars, we obtain line-of-sight velocity dispersions of 33 and 17 km/s. By combining with size estimates from Hubble Space Telescope images we infer dynamical masses of 1.3x10^7 and 4.0x10^6 solar masses for the two clusters, making them among the most massive known. The less massive cluster is the faintest cluster for which a dynamical mass has yet been obtained. In both clusters we detect Balmer absorption lines which we use to estimate their ages. From the younger (~6 Myr) and more massive cluster, we detect He II 4686 emission of intermediate width, indicating the presence of very massive O-stars. Moreover, analysis of the [O III] 5007 and H-alpha emission lines from the region near the younger cluster indicates that it is associated with a bubble expanding at ~40 km/s. We also see from the Na I D absorption lines indications of neutral gas flows towards the younger cluster. We compare the dynamical masses with those derived from photometry and discuss implications for the stellar initial mass function (IMF) in each cluster. Both clusters are compatible with rather normal IMFs which will favour their long-term survival and evolution into massive bona fide globular clusters.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Fast magnetic field amplification in distant galaxyclusters
Creators: name: Di Gennaro, Gabriella
name: van Weeren, Reinout J.
name: Brunetti, Gianfranco
name: Cassano, Rossella
name: Brüggen, Marcus
name: Hoeft, Matthias
name: Shimwell, Timothy W.
name: Röttgering, Huub J. A.
name: Bonafede, Annalisa
name: Botteon, Andrea
name: Cuciti, Virginia
name: Dallacasa, Daniele
name: de Gasperin, Francesco
name: Domínguez-Fernández, Paola
name: Ensslin, Torsten A.
name: Gastaldello, Fabio
name: Mandal, Soumyajit
name: Rossetti, Mariachiara
name: Simionescu, Aurora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present-day Universe, magnetic fields pervade galaxy clusters, with strengths of a few microGauss obtained from Faraday Rotation. Evidence for cluster magnetic fields is also provided by Megaparsec-scale radio emission, namely radio halos and relics. These are commonly found in merging systems and are characterized by a steep radio spectrum. It is widely believed that magneto-hydrodynamical turbulence and shock-waves (re-)accelerate cosmic rays, producing halos and relics. The origin and the amplification of magnetic fields in clusters is not well understood. It has been proposed that turbulence drives a small-scaledynamo that amplifies seed magnetic fields (primordial and/or injected by galactic outflows, as active galactic nuclei, starbursts, or winds). At high redshift, radio halos are expected to be faint, due to the Inverse Compton losses and dimming effect with distance. Moreover, Faraday Rotation measurements are difficult to obtain. If detected, distant radio halosprovide an alternative tool to investigate magnetic field amplification. Here, we report LOFAR observations which reveal diffuse radio emission in massive clusters when the Universe was only half of its present age, with a sample occurrence fraction of about 50%. The high radio luminosities indicate that these clusters have similar magnetic field strengths to those in nearby clusters, and suggest that magnetic field amplification is fast during the first phases ofcluster formation.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy on 2 November 2020. The published version is available at this URL https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-020-01244-5#citeas
Bulk and surface low-energy excitations in YBa2Cu3O7-d studied by high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Nakayama, K.
name: Sato, T.
name: Terashima, K.
name: Matsui, H.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Kubota, M.
name: Ono, K.
name: Nishizaki, T.
name: Takahashi, Y.
name: Kobayashi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on YBa2Cu3O7-delta (Y123; delta = 0.06; Tc = 92 K). By accurately determining the Fermi surface and energy band dispersion, we solve long-standing controversial issues as to the anomalous electronic states of Y-based high-Tc cuprates. We unambiguously identified surface-bilayer-derived bonding and antibonding bands, together with their bulk counterparts. The surface bands are highly overdoped (hole concentration x = 0.29), showing no evidence for the gap opening or the dispersion anomaly in the antinodal region, while the bulk bands show a clear dx2-y2-wave superconducting gap and the Bogoliubov quasiparticle-like behavior with a characteristic energy scale of 50-60 meV indicative of a strong electron-boson coupling in the superconducting state. All these results suggest that the metallic and superconducting states coexist at the adjacent bilayer of Y123 surface.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Entropy of Three-Charge Black Holes on a Circle
Creators: name: Harmark, Troels
name: Kristjansson, Kristjan R.
name: Obers, Niels A.
name: Ronne, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study phases of five-dimensional three-charge black holes with a circle in their transverse space. In particular, when the black hole is localized on the circle we compute the corrections to the metric and corresponding thermodynamics in the limit of small mass. When taking the near-extremal limit, this gives the corrections to the finite entropy of the extremal three-charge black hole as a function of the energy above extremality. For the partial extremal limit with two charges sent to infinity and one finite we show that the first correction to the entropy is in agreement with the microscopic entropy by taking into account that the number of branes shift as a consequence of the interactions across the transverse circle.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure. Talk presented by NO at the RTN workshop, Napoli, Oct. 9-13, 2007
Systematics of Moduli Stabilization, Inflationary Dynamics and Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Holman, R.
name: Hutasoit, Jimmy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scalar sector of type IIB superstring theory compactified on Calabi-Yau orientifolds as a place to find a mechanism of inflation in the early universe. In the large volume limit, one can stabilize the moduli in stages using perturbative method. We relate the systematics of moduli stabilization with methods to reduce the number of possible inflatons, which in turn lead to a simpler inflation analysis. Calculating the order-of-magnitude of terms in the equation of motion, we show that the methods are in fact valid. We then give the examples where these methods are used in the literature. We also show that there are effects of non-inflaton scalar fields on the scalar power spectrum. For one of the two methods, these effects can be observed with the current precision in experiments, while for the other method, the effects might never be observable.
description: 20 pages, JHEP style; v.2 and v.3: typos fixed, discussion and references added
On nonlinear Schrödinger equations on the hyperbolic space
Creators: name: Cencelj, Matija
name: Faragó, István
name: Horváth, Róbert
name: Repovš, Dušan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 35J60, 49K10, 58J32, Secondary: 35A01, 35R01

description: We study existence of weak solutions for certain classes of nonlinear Schrödinger equations on the Poincaré ball model $\mathbb{B}^N$, $N\geq 3$. By using the Palais principle of symmetric criticality and suitable group theoretical arguments, we establish the existence of a nontrivial (weak) solution.
Importance of Germplasm in Plant Breeding
Creators: name: *Niyaj Ahamad1, N. A. Khan1, Sabia Ahad1, Saba Siddiqui2, Anoushka Singh1, Prabhat Kumar Singh1, Rahul Maurya1
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description:  

Germplasm, a collection of plant genetic resources, plays a pivotal role in plant breeding. It serves as a treasure trove of genetic diversity, enabling the development of new crop varieties with enhanced traits such as disease resistance, yield, and adaptability. Germplasm conserves the genetic heritage of plant species, safeguarding against genetic erosion and ensuring food security in the face of changing environmental conditions and evolving pests and diseases. This genetic reservoir is crucial for sustainable agriculture and the continuous improvement of crops to meet the world's growing food demands.