cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SPIRou: the near-infrared spectropolarimeter/high-precision velocimeter for the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope
Creators: name: Artigau, Étienne
name: Kouach, Driss
name: Donati, Jean-François
name: Doyon, René
name: Delfosse, Xavier
name: Baratchart, Sébastien
name: Lacombe, Marielle
name: Moutou, Claire
name: Rabou, Patrick
name: Parès, Laurent P.
name: Micheau, Yoan
name: Thibault, Simon
name: Reshetov, Vladimir A.
name: Dubois, Bruno
name: Hernandez, Olivier
name: Vallée, Philippe
name: Wang, Shiang-Yu
name: Dolon, François
name: Pepe, Francesco A.
name: Bouchy, François
name: Striebig, Nicolas
name: Hénault, François
name: Loop, David
name: Saddlemyer, Leslie
name: Barrick, Gregory
name: Vermeulen, Tom
name: Dupieux, Michel
name: Hébrard, Guillaume
name: Boisse, Isabelle
name: Martioli, Eder
name: Alencar, Silvia H. P.
name: Nascimento, José-Diaz do
name: Figueira, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SPIRou is a near-IR échelle spectropolarimeter and high-precision velocimeter under construction as a next-generation instrument for the Canada-France-Hawaii-Telescope. It is designed to cover a very wide simultaneous near-IR spectral range (0.98-2.35 μm) at a resolving power of 73.5K, providing unpolarized and polarized spectra of low-mass stars at a radial velocity (RV) precision of 1m/s. The main science goals of SPIRou are the detection of habitable super-Earths around low-mass stars and the study of how critically magnetic fields impact star / planet formation. Following a successful final design review in Spring 2014, SPIRou is now under construction and is scheduled to see first light in late 2017. We present an overview of key aspects of SPIRou's optical and mechanical design.
description: Presented at SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2014
Collective effects in light-heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Schenke, Bjoern
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the azimuthal anisotropy of charged hadron distributions in A+A, p+A, d+A, and He3+A collisions within the IP-Glasma+MUSIC model. Obtained anisotropies are due to the fluid dynamic response of the system to the fluctuating initial geometry of the interaction region. While the elliptic and triangular anisotropies in peripheral Pb+Pb collisions at root-s=2.76 TeV are well described by the model, the same quantities in root-s=5.02 TeV p+Pb collisions underestimate the experimental data. This disagreement can be due to neglected initial state correlations or the lack of a detailed description of the fluctuating spatial structure of the proton, or both. We further present predictions for azimuthal anisotropies in p+Au, d+Au, and He3+Au collisions at root-s=200 GeV. For d+Au and 3He+Au collisions we expect the detailed substructure of the nucleon to become less important.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of the XXIV Quark Matter conference, May 19-24 2014, Darmstadt (Germany)
Membrane-targeting potentiates guanine nucleotide exchange factor CDC25 and SOS1 activation of Ras transforming activity.
Creators: name: Broek, D.
name: Quilliam, L. A.
name: Park, W.
name: Huff, S. Y.
name: Wei, W.
name: Rabun, K. M.
name: Der, C. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Growth factor-triggered activation of Ras proteins is believed to be mediated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (CDC25/GRF and SOS1/2) that promote formation of the active Ras GTP-bound state. Although the mechanism(s) of guanine nucleotide exchange factor regulation is unclear, recent studies suggest that translocation of SOS1 to the plasma membrane, where Ras is located, might be responsible for Ras activation. To evaluate this model, we generated constructs that encode the catalytic domains of human CDC25 or mouse SOS1, either alone (designated cCDC25 and cSOS1, respectively) or terminating in the carboxyl-terminal CAAX membrane-targeting sequence from K-Ras4B (designated cCDC25-CAAX and cSOS1-CAAX, respectively; in CAAX, C is Cys, A is an aliphatic amino acid, and X is Ser or Met). We then compared the transforming potential of cCDC25 and cSOS1 with their membrane-targeted counterparts. We observed that addition of the Ras plasma membrane-targeting sequence to the catalytic domains of CDC25 and SOS1 greatly enhanced their focus-forming activity (10- to 50-fold) in NIH 3T3 transfection assays. Similarly, we observed that the membrane-targeted versions showed a 5- to 10-fold enhanced ability to induce transcriptional activation from the Ets/AP-1 Ras-responsive element. Furthermore, whereas cells that stably expressed cCDC25 or cSOS1 exhibited the same morphologies as untransformed NIH 3T3 cells, cells expressing cCDC25-CAAX or cSOS1-CAAX displayed transformed morphologies that were indistinguishable from the elongated and refractile morphology of oncogenic Ras-transformed cells. Thus, these results suggest that membrane translocation alone is sufficient to potentiate guanine nucleotide exchange factor activation of Ras.
title: Consequential life cycle assessment of demolition waste management in Germany
Creators: name: Dierks, Christian
name: Hagedorn, Tabea
name: Mack, Theresa
name: Zeller, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2024

description: Context: Bulk mineral waste materials such as construction and demolition waste are Germany’s largest waste stream. Despite the availability of high-quality recycling pathways such as road base layers, waste concrete is predominantly recycled into lower-quality recycling pathways like earthworks or unbound road construction. This is due to low demand for recycled aggregates in road base layers and frost protection layers, especially in public procurement.

Purpose: This study assesses the environmental consequences of increasing high-quality recycling of waste concrete in the near future to provide decision support for public procurement in Germany. The focus lies on climate change due to its importance for decision-makers. However, 17 other impact categories were assessed to avoid problem shifting.

Methods: Life cycle assessment (LCA) is applied with background data from ecoinvent 3.9.1. Impact assessment was conducted at midpoint level using IPCC 2021 and ReCiPe Midpoint (H). Foreground data were taken from literature and expert interviews. In line with the goal of this LCA, a consequential modeling approach was followed to account for changes in the material flow system. Substitution creates a cascade effect previously omitted in consequential LCA studies, in which lower quality recycling materials replace higher quality recycling materials in their respective utilization pathways.

Results and discussion: Increasing the high-quality recycling of waste concrete into road base layers causes a reduction in environmental impacts for all 18 impact categories, as it replaces natural aggregate and avoids backfilling of mixed mineral waste and excavated earth through substitution effects. Transport distances and ferrous metal recovery were identified as hot spots. Sensitivity analyses show that only transport is a significant issue.

Conclusion: Increasing the high-quality recycling of waste concrete in Germany is recommended in terms of environmental impacts. Lower-quality recycling is environmentally feasible only in cases where the avoided transport distances for natural aggregates and backfilling are significantly lower than the additional transport distances for high-quality recycling.
title: Σχεδιασμός συστημάτων εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας κλειστού βρόγχου : προκλήσεις και ευκαιρίες
title: Designing closed-loop supply chain systems : challenges and opportunities
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Φάρκωνας, Ιωάννης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: SCM
subject: CLSCM
subject: Closed loop supply chain
subject: Εφοδιαστική αλυσίδα
subject: Εφοδιαστική αλυσίδα κλειστού βρόγχου

description: Η παρούσα εργασία αποτελείται από μία βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση ερευνών μοντελοποίησης συστημάτων εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας κλειστού βρόγχου και μίας μελέτης περίπτωσης. Η εργασία, δομήθηκε σε 4 εκτενή κεφάλαια, εκ των οποίων το πρώτο αφορά την έννοια της βιωσιμότητας, το δεύτερο παρουσιάζει σε θεωρητικό επίπεδο την εφοδιαστική αλυσίδα κλειστού βρόγχου και το bullwhip effect ενώ το τρίτο αποτελεί μία βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση εμπειρικών ερευνών μοντελοποίησης συστημάτων εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας κλειστού βρόγχου. Στο 4ο κεφάλαιο μέσα από ένα παράδειγμα σχεδιασμού και βελτιστοποίησης εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας κλειστού βρόγχου ερευνούμε στην πράξη τα οικονομικά οφέλη που προσφέρονται αλλά και τα οφέλη που αποκομίζει το περιβάλλον.
Ultracold Plasma Expansion as a Function of Charge Neutrality
Creators: name: Witte, Craig
name: Roberts, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold plasmas (UCPs) are created under conditions of near but not perfect neutrality. In the limit of zero electron temperature, electron screening results in non-neutrality manifesting itself as an interior region of the UCP with both electrons and ions and an exterior region composed primarily of ions. The interior region is the region of the most scientific interest for 2-component ultracold plasma physics. This work presents a theoretical model through which the time evolution of non-neutral UCPs is calculated. Despite Debye screening lengths much smaller than the characteristic plasma spatial size, model calculations predict that the expansion rate and the electron temperature of the UCP interior is sensitive to the neutrality of the UCP. The predicted UCP dependence on neutrality has implications for the correct measurement of several UCP properties, such as electron temperature, and a proper understanding of evaporative cooling of the electrons in the UCP.
FAIR Jupyter
Creators: name: Sheeba Samuel
name: Daniel Mietchen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: FAIR
Jupyter Notebook
Reproducibility
Knowledge Graph

description: This repository hosts the slides for a talk given on 17 September 2024 at 5. SaxFDM 2024 in TU Bergakademie Freiberg on the topic "FAIR Jupyter: a knowledge graph approach to semantic sharing and granular exploration of a computational notebook reproducibility dataset" as part of the SaxFDM Open Data Award 2024.

More information on FAIR Jupyter is available here: https://w3id.org/fairjupyter

The publication on FAIR Jupyter: Sheeba Samuel, Daniel Mietchen, FAIR Jupyter: a knowledge graph approach to semantic sharing and granular exploration of a computational notebook reproducibility dataset, arXiv preprint arXiv:2404.12935, https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.12935
Molecular cloning of the human nucleotide-excision-repair gene ERCC4.
Creators: name: Sancar, A.
name: Brookman, K. W.
name: Siciliano, M. J.
name: Thompson, L. H.
name: Salazar, E. P.
name: Deng, Z.
name: Weber, C. A.
name: Reardon, J. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: ERCC4 was previously identified in somatic cell hybrids as a human gene that corrects the nucleotide-excision-repair deficiency in mutant hamster cells. The cloning strategy for ERCC4 involved transfection of the repair-deficient hamster cell line UV41 with a human sCos-1 cosmid library derived from chromosome 16. Enhanced UV resistance was seen with one cosmid-library transformant and two secondary transformants of UV41. Cosmid clones carrying a functional ERCC4 gene were isolated from a library of a second transformant by selecting in Escherichia coli for expression of a linked neomycin-resistance gene that was present in the sCos-1 vector. The cosmids mapped to 16p13.13-p13.2, the location assigned to ERCC4 by using somatic cell hybrids. Upon transfection into UV41, six cosmid clones gave partial correction ranging from 30% to 64%, although all appeared to contain the complete gene. The capacity for in vitro excision of thymine dimers from a plasmid by transformant cell extracts correlated qualitatively with enhanced UV resistance.
title: Εκτίμηση του άγχους των εγκύων πριν τη διενέργεια των υπερηχογραφημάτων Αυχενικής Διαφάνειας και Β’ Επιπέδου και η συσχέτισή του με τη μητρική προγεννητική προσκόλληση
title: Assessment of pregnant women’s anxiety before the Nuchal Translucency scan and the Second-trimester Anatomy scan and its correlation with maternal prenatal attachment
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Συρίη, Άρτεμις
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Εγκυμοσύνη
Άγχος
Μητρική προσκόλληση
Προγεννητικός δεσμός

description: Το άγχος κατά τη διάρκεια της κύησης επηρεάζει περίπου το 23% των εγκύων. Εκτός από τις ήδη γνωστές και επιστημονικά τεκμηριωμένες επιπτώσεις που μπορεί να έχει στην κύηση, είναι πιθανόν να επηρεάζει και τη μητρική προγεννητική προσκόλληση και μελλοντική ανάπτυξη του παιδιού. Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι η εκτίμηση του άγχους των εγκύων πριν τη διενέργεια των υπερηχογραφημάτων Αυχενικής Διαφάνειας και Β’ Επιπέδου και η συσχέτισή του με τη μητρική προγεννητική προσκόλληση. Το δείγμα αποτελούνταν από 68 γυναίκες, οι οποίες αρχικά συμπλήρωσαν ένα αυτοσχέδιο ημιδομημένο ερωτηματολόγιο σχετικά με τα κοινωνικό - δημογραφικά τους στοιχεία. Χρησιμοποιήθηκε επίσης το εργαλείο State - Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), μόνο η κλίμακα που αξιολογεί το καταστασιακό άγχος, και το Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale, για την εκτίμηση του προγεννητικού δεσμού. Από τα αποτελέσματα φάνηκε να υπάρχει αρνητική συσχέτιση μεταξύ της ηλικίας της εγκύου και της προσκόλλησής της στο έμβρυο. Ωστόσο, στο συγκεκριμένο δείγμα δεν υπήρχε συσχέτιση του άγχους με τη μητρική προγεννητική προσκόλληση. Η μητρική προγεννητική προσκόλληση μπορεί να επηρεάσει σημαντικά την ανάπτυξη του παιδιού σε πολλούς τομείς της ζωής του, για το λόγο αυτό παράγοντες όπως το άγχος, που ενδεχομένως τη μειώνουν, πρέπει να γίνονται άμεσα αντιληπτοί από τους επαγγελματίες υγείας. Λέξεις κλειδιά: εγκυμοσύνη, άγχος, μητρική προσκόλληση, προγεννητικός δεσμός
Fiducial and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production measured in the four-lepton decay channel in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production in the ${H \rightarrow ZZ ^{*}\rightarrow 4\ell}$ decay channel are presented. The cross sections are determined within a fiducial phase space and corrected for detection efficiency and resolution effects. They are based on 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collision data, produced at $\sqrt{s}$=8 TeV centre-of-mass energy at the LHC and recorded by the ATLAS detector. The differential measurements are performed in bins of transverse momentum and rapidity of the four-lepton system, the invariant mass of the subleading lepton pair and the decay angle of the leading lepton pair with respect to the beam line in the four-lepton rest frame, as well as the number of jets and the transverse momentum of the leading jet. The measured cross sections are compared to selected theoretical calculations of the Standard Model expectations. No significant deviation from any of the tested predictions is found.
description: 11 pages plus author list + cover pages (27 pages total), 2 figures, 3 tables, submitted to PLB, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2013-22/
Oncogene activation of human keratin 18 transcription via the Ras signal transduction pathway.
Creators: name: Pankov, R.
name: Umezawa, A.
name: Oshima, R. G.
name: Maki, R.
name: Der, C. J.
name: Hauser, C. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Keratin 8 (K8) and keratin 18 (K18) are intermediate filament proteins normally expressed in simple epithelial tissues and persistently expressed in a wide variety of carcinomas. Ectopic expression of K8 and K18 occurs in some epidermal and murine skin carcinomas induced by chemical carcinogenesis or oncogenic ras expression. We show here that K18 is a direct target of the Ras signal transduction pathway, by demonstrating that activated Ha-Ras, as well as activated Src, Lck, or Raf, stimulates the transcription of K18. This activation is mediated by an enhancer element containing essential and closely spaced Ets and AP-1 transcription factor binding sites. Oncogene activation of K18 transcription provides a molecular explanation for the persistent and sometimes unexpected expression of K18 in such a wide variety of tumors.
Oncogenic Ras activates c-Jun via a separate pathway from the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases.
Creators: name: Cox, A. D.
name: Westwick, J. K.
name: Brenner, D. A.
name: Hibi, M.
name: Karin, M.
name: Der, C. J.
name: Cobb, M. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: c-Jun transcriptional activity is augmented by expression of oncogenic Ras and Raf proteins. This study demonstrates a direct correlation between Ras transforming activity and c-Jun activation, supporting an important role for c-Jun in transformation by Ras. Since we observed that Ras activated c-Jun transcriptional activity by increasing phosphorylation of the c-Jun activation domain at residues Ser-63/Ser-73 and that oncogenic Ras proteins activated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK1 and ERK2) (also known as mitogen-activated protein kinases), we evaluated the possibility that ERKs were directly responsible for c-Jun activation. Coexpression of wild-type ERKs with oncogenic Ras proteins potentiated, while kinase-defective ERKs inhibited, Ras-induced transcriptional activation from the Ras-responsive element (Ets-1/AP-1) present in the NVL-3 enhancer and the serum-response element in the c-fos promoter. In contrast, coexpression of either wild-type or kinase-defective ERKs inhibited Ras and Raf activation of c-Jun transcriptional activity. Thus, although activation of both ERK and c-Jun are downstream consequences of activation of the Ras signal transduction pathway, our results suggest that Ras-induced c-Jun phosphorylation and transcriptional activation are not a direct consequence of ERK1 and ERK2 activation.
Spherical Casimir effect for a massive scalar field on the three dimensional ball
Creators: name: Erdas, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The zeta function regularization technique is used to study the Casimir effect for a scalar field of mass $m$ satisfying Dirichlet boundary conditions on a spherical surface of radius $a$. In the case of large scalar mass, $ma\gg1$, simple analytic expressions are obtained for the zeta function and Casimir energy of the scalar field when it is confined inside the spherical surface, and when it is confined outside the spherical surface. In both cases the Casimir energy is exact up to order $a^{-2}m^{-1}$ and contains the expected divergencies, which can be eliminated using the well established renormalization procedure for the spherical Casimir effect. The case of a scalar field present in both the interior and exterior region is also examined and, for $ma\gg 1$, the zeta function, the Casimir energy, and the Casimir force are obtained. The obtained Casimir energy and force are exact up to order $a^{-2}m^{-1}$ and $a^{-3}m^{-1}$ respectively. In this scenario both energy and force are finite and do not need to be renormalized, and the force is found to produce an outward pressure on the spherical surface.
description: 7 pages, no figures
Iron oxide nanoparticles with supramolecular ureido-pyrimidinone coating for antimicrobial peptide delivery
Creators: name: Turrina, Chiara
name: Cookman, Jennifer
name: Bellan, Riccardo
name: Song, Jiankang
name: Paar, Margret
name: Dankers, Patricia Y. W.
name: Berensmeier, Sonja
name: Schwaminger, Sebastian P.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can kill bacteria by disrupting their cytoplasmic membrane, which reduces the tendency of antibacterial resistance compared to conventional antibiotics. Their possible toxicity to human cells, however, limits their applicability. The combination of magnetically controlled drug delivery and supramolecular engineering can help to reduce the dosage of AMPs, control the delivery, and improve their cytocompatibility. Lasioglossin III (LL) is a natural AMP form bee venom that is highly antimicrobial. Here, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONs) with a supramolecular ureido-pyrimidinone (UPy) coating were investigated as a drug carrier for LL for a controlled delivery to a specific target. Binding to IONs can improve the antimicrobial activity of the peptide. Different transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques showed that the particles have a crystalline iron oxide core with a UPy shell and UPy fibers. Cytocompatibility and internalization experiments were carried out with two different cell types, phagocytic and nonphagocytic cells. The drug carrier system showed good cytocompatibility (>70%) with human kidney cells (HK-2) and concentration-dependent toxicity to macrophagic cells (THP-1). The particles were internalized by both cell types, giving them the potential for effective delivery of AMPs into mammalian cells. By self-assembly, the UPy-coated nanoparticles can bind UPy-functionalized LL (UPy-LL) highly efficiently (99%), leading to a drug loading of 0.68 g g−1 . The binding of UPy-LL on the supramolecular nanoparticle system increased its antimicrobial activity against E. coli (MIC 3.53 µM to 1.77 µM) and improved its cytocompatible dosage for HK-2 cells from 5.40 µM to 10.6 µM. The system showed higher cytotoxicity (5.4 µM) to the macrophages. The high drug loading, efficient binding, enhanced antimicrobial behavior, and reduced cytotoxicity makes ION@UPy-NH2 an interesting drug carrier for AMPs. The combination with superparamagnetic IONs allows potential magnetically controlled drug delivery and reduced drug amount of the system to address intracellular infections or improve cancer treatment.
Defection and extortion as unexpected catalysts of unconditional cooperation in structured populations
Creators: name: Szolnoki, Attila
name: Perc, Matjaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the evolution of cooperation in the spatial prisoner's dilemma game, where besides unconditional cooperation and defection, tit-for-tat, win-stay-lose-shift and extortion are the five competing strategies. While pairwise imitation fails to sustain unconditional cooperation and extortion regardless of game parametrization, myopic updating gives rise to the coexistence of all five strategies if the temptation to defect is sufficiently large or if the degree distribution of the interaction network is heterogeneous. This counterintuitive evolutionary outcome emerges as a result of an unexpected chain of strategy invasions. Firstly, defectors emerge and coarsen spontaneously among players adopting win-stay-lose-shift. Secondly, extortioners and players adopting tit-for-tat emerge and spread via neutral drift among the emerged defectors. And lastly, among the extortioners, cooperators become viable too. These recurrent evolutionary invasions yield a five-strategy phase that is stable irrespective of the system size and the structure of the interaction network, and they reveal the most unexpected mechanism that stabilizes extortion and cooperation in an evolutionary setting.
description: 7 two-column pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in Scientific Reports [related work available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.8294]
Polylysine domain of K-ras 4B protein is crucial for malignant transformation.
Creators: name: Li, J. W.
name: Buss, J. E.
name: Jackson, J. H.
name: Cochrane, C. G.
name: Der, C. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Previous studies have shown that posttranslational modifications are required for both oncogenic K-ras 4B protein membrane binding and transforming activity. In addition, Hancock et al. [Hancock, J. F., Patterson, H. & Marshall, C. J. (1990) Cell 63, 133-139] found that a polylysine domain contained at the C terminus of K-ras 4B was also absolutely essential for K-ras 4B membrane binding but, surprisingly, neither the polylysine domain nor membrane binding was required for transforming activity. We have performed similar studies, but our results are distinctly different. Our studies indicate that the polylysine domain is crucial for K-ras 4B transforming activity. Moreover, we demonstrate that although the polylysine domain increases K-ras 4B membrane binding, significant amounts of membrane binding can occur in the absence of this domain. Finally, while our studies are consistent with the notion that membrane binding is required for K-ras 4B transforming activity, we show that membrane binding, in and of itself, is not sufficient for efficient K-ras 4B transforming activity.
title: High‐Scale 3D‐Bioprinting Platform for the Automated Production of Vascularized Organs‐on‐a‐Chip
Creators: name: Fritschen, Anna
name: Lindner, Nils
name: Scholpp, Sebastian
name: Richthof, Philipp
name: Dietz, Jonas
name: Linke, Philipp
name: Guttenberg, Zeno
name: Blaeser, Andreas
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: 3D bioprinting possesses the potential to revolutionize contemporary methodologies for fabricating tissue models employed in pharmaceutical research and experimental investigations. This is enhanced by combining bioprinting with advanced organs‐on‐a‐chip (OOCs), which includes a complex arrangement of multiple cell types representing organ‐specific cells, connective tissue, and vasculature. However, both OOCs and bioprinting so far demand a high degree of manual intervention, thereby impeding efficiency and inhibiting scalability to meet technological requirements. Through the combination of drop‐on‐demand bioprinting with robotic handling of microfluidic chips, a print procedure is achieved that is proficient in managing three distinct tissue models on a chip within only a minute, as well as capable of consecutively processing numerous OOCs without manual intervention. This process rests upon the development of a post‐printing sealable microfluidic chip, that is compatible with different types of 3D‐bioprinters and easily connected to a perfusion system. The capabilities of the automized bioprint process are showcased through the creation of a multicellular and vascularized liver carcinoma model on the chip. The process achieves full vascularization and stable microvascular network formation over 14 days of culture time, with pronounced spheroidal cell growth and albumin secretion of HepG2 serving as a representative cell model.
Η εκβιομηχάνιση της ελληνικής οικονομίας κατά τον 20ό αιώνα: Η περίπτωση της βιομηχανίας “Αλουμίνιον της Ελλάδος” στα Άσπρα Σπίτια της Βοιωτίας
Creators: name: Σκαντζή, Αικατερίνη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πελοποννήσου
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Αλουμίνιον της Ελλάδος (Εταιρεία)
subject: Εκβιομηχάνιση -- Ελλάδα -- Ιστορία -- 20ός αιώνας
subject: Εκβιομηχάνιση -- Ελλάδα -- Άσπρα Σπίτια (Βοιωτία) -- Ιστορία -- 20ός αιώνας
subject: Βιομηχανία και εμπόριο αλουμινίου -- Ελλάδα -- Ιστορία -- 20ός αιώνας
subject: Βιομηχανία και εμπόριο αλουμινίου -- Ελλάδα -- Άσπρα Σπίτια (Βοιωτία) -- Ιστορία -- 20ός αιώνας
subject: Βιομηχανίες -- Ελλάδα -- Ιστορία -- 20ος αιώνας
subject: Βιομηχανίες -- Ελλάδα -- Άσπρα Σπίτια (Βοιωτία) -- Ιστορία -- 20ος αιώνας
subject: Ελλάδα -- Οικονομικές συνθήκες -- 20ός αιώνας
subject: Εκβιομηχάνιση
subject: Ισορροπία
subject: Οικονομία
subject: Πληθωρισμός
subject: Κρίση
subject: Επένδυση
subject: Εισόδημα
subject: Παραγωγή
subject: Ζήτηση
subject: Κατανάλωση
subject: Industrialization
subject: Balance
subject: Economy
subject: Inflation
subject: Crisis
subject: Investment
subject: Income
subject: Production
subject: Demand
subject: Consumption

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας Διατριβής Μεταπτυχιακής Ειδίκευσης αποτελεί η εκβιομηχάνιση της ελληνικής οικονομίας τον 20ου αιώνα, σε σύμπλευση με την εταιρεία παραγωγής αλουμίνιου και αλουμίνας «Αλουμίνιον της Ελλάδος», που ιδρύθηκε το 1960, σε μια υποβαθμισμένη και φτωχή περιοχή του Νομού Βοιωτίας, το λιμάνι του Αγίου Νικολάου, με συμφωνία μεταξύ του Ελληνικού Δημοσίου και των αναδόχων (Pechiney- Compadec- O.B.A.-Όμιλος Νιάρχου). Η βιομηχανία αποτέλεσε βασική συνιστώσα της ανάπτυξης της ελληνικής οικονομίας τον 20ο αιώνα, ενός αιώνα που σφραγίστηκε από δυο σφοδρούς παγκόσμιους πολέμους, την οικονομική κρίση του 1929 και την πετρελαϊκή κρίση του 1973.
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-mediated expression of a human gamma-globin gene in human progenitor-derived erythroid cells.
Creators: name: Samulski, R. J.
name: Sellers, S. E.
name: Donahue, R. E.
name: Miller, J. L.
name: Nienhuis, A. W.
name: Young, N. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Effective gene therapy for the severe hemoglobin (Hb) disorders, sickle-cell anemia and thalassemia, will require an efficient method to transfer, integrate, and express a globin gene in primary erythroid cells. To evaluate recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) for this purpose, we constructed a rAAV vector encoding a human gamma-globin gene (pJM24/vHS432A gamma). Its 4725-nucleotide genome consists of two 180-bp AAV inverted terminal repeats flanking the core elements of hypersensitive sites 2, 3, and 4 from the locus control region of the beta-globin gene cluster, linked to a mutationally marked A gamma-globin gene (A gamma) containing native promoter and RNA processing signals. CD34+ human hematopoietic cells were exposed to rAAV particles at a multiplicity of infection of 500-1000 and cultured in semisolid medium containing several cytokines. A reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay distinguished mRNA signals derived from transduced and endogenous human gamma-globin genes. Twenty to 40% of human erythroid burst-forming unit-derived colonies expressed the rAAV-transduced A gamma-globin gene at levels 4-71% that of the endogenous gamma-globin genes. The HbF content of pooled control colonies was 26%, whereas HbF was 40% of the total in pooled colonies derived from rAAV transduced progenitors. These data establish that rAAV containing elements from the locus control region linked to a gamma-globin gene are capable of transferring and expressing that gene in primary human hematopoietic cells resulting in a substantial increase in HbF content.
title: Toward a Metal Anode‐Free Zinc‐Air Battery for Next‐Generation Energy Storage
Creators: name: Deckenbach, Daniel
name: Schneider, Jörg J.
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: Rechargeable aqueous zinc‐air batteries (ZABs) promise high energy density and safety. However, the use of conventional zinc anodes affects the energy output from the battery, so that the theoretical energy density is not achievable under operation conditions. A large portion of the zinc is shielded by anode passivation during the discharge process and remains electrochemically unused, making the operation of rechargeable ZABs inefficient up to date. In a metal anode‐free ZAB, there is no unnecessary excess zinc if the zinc reservoir can be precisely adjusted by electrodeposition of zinc from the electrolyte. In this respect, an anode‐free battery uses the electrolyte offering a dual‐mode functionality not only providing ionic conductivity but also being the source of zinc. In addition, it is shown that a defined porous anode architecture is crucial for high rechargeability in this new type of ZAB. 3D‐spatially arranged carbon nanotubes as geometrically defined host structures allow a homogeneous zinc deposition from the electrolyte. Together with carbon nanohorns as an active 2e⁻ catalyst on the cathode side, the rechargeability of this new concept reaches up to 92%.
Relationship of a non-cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-mediated chloride conductance to organ-level disease in Cftr(-/-) mice.
Creators: name: Yankaskas, J. R.
name: Cotton, C. U.
name: McKenzie, A.
name: Boucher, R. C.
name: Grubb, B. R.
name: Clarke, L. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Although loss of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-mediated Cl- channel function is common to all epithelia in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, the severity of disease varies in different organs. We hypothesized that differences in disease severity in CF relate to the expression of an "alternative" plasma membrane Cl- conductance. In CF mice [Cftr(-/-); mice homozygous for Ser-489 to Xaa mutation], which do not express cAMP CFTR-mediated Cl- secretion, we surveyed organs that exhibit a range of disease severity for a Ca(2+)-mediated apical membrane epithelial Cl- conductance. This alternative conductance (Cl-a) was detected in epithelia of organs from CF mice that exhibit a mild disease phenotype (airway, pancreas) but not in epithelia with a severe phenotype (small, large intestine). We conclude that (i) there is an intracellular Ca(2+)-regulated Cl- conductance that is molecularly distinct from CFTR; and (ii) the level of expression of this alternative Cl- conductance in the epithelium is an important determinant of the severity of organ-level disease in CF.
title: Multimodal machine learning in medical screenings
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thuy Trinh
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multimodal machine learning, automated medical screening, mental disorder detection, Alzheimer’s disease detection.

description: The healthcare industry, with its high demand and standards, has long been considered a crucial area for technology-based innovation. However, the medical field often relies on experience-based evaluation. Limited resources, overloading capacity, and a lack of accessibility can hinder timely medical care and diagnosis delivery. In light of these challenges, automated medical screening as a decision-making aid is highly recommended. With the increasing availability of data and the need to explore the complementary effect among modalities, multimodal machine learning has emerged as a potential area of technology. Its impact has been witnessed across a wide range of domains, prompting the question of how far machine learning can be leveraged to automate processes in even more complex and high-risk sectors. This paper delves into the realm of multimodal machine learning in the field of automated medical screening and evaluates the potential of this area of study in mental disorder detection, a highly important area of healthcare. First, we conduct a scoping review targeted at high-impact papers to highlight the trends and directions of multimodal machine learning in screening prevalent mental disorders such as depression, stress, and bipolar disorder. The review provides a comprehensive list of popular datasets and extensively studied modalities. The review also proposes an end-to-end pipeline for multimodal machine learning applications, covering essential steps from preprocessing, representation, and fusion, to modelling and evaluation. While cross-modality interaction has been considered a promising factor to leverage fusion among multimodalities, the number of existing multimodal fusion methods employing this mechanism is rather limited. This study investigates multimodal fusion in more detail through the proposal of Autofusion, an autoencoder-infused fusion technique that harnesses the cross-modality interaction among different modalities. The technique is evaluated on DementiaBank’s Pitt corpus to detect Alzheimer’s disease, leveraging the power of cross-modality interaction. Autofusion achieves a promising performance of 79.89% in accuracy, 83.85% in recall, 81.72% in precision, and 82.47% in F1. The technique consistently outperforms all unimodal methods by an average of 5.24% across all metrics. Our method consistently outperforms early fusion and late fusion. Especially against the late fusion hard-voting technique, our method outperforms by an average of 20% across all metrics. Further, empirical results show that the cross-modality interaction term enhances the model performance by 2-3% across metrics. This research highlights the promising impact of cross-modality interaction in multimodal machine learning and calls for further research to unlock its full potential.
Selection of multiple human immunodeficiency virus type 1 variants that encode viral proteases with decreased sensitivity to an inhibitor of the viral protease.
Creators: name: Kaplan, A. H.
name: Knigge, M. F.
name: Michael, S. F.
name: Kempf, D. J.
name: Norbeck, D. W.
name: Everitt, L.
name: Erickson, J. W.
name: Wehbie, R. S.
name: Swanstrom, R.
name: Paul, D. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease represent a promising addition to the available agents used to inhibit virus replication in a therapeutic setting. HIV-1 is capable of generating phenotypic variants in the face of a variety of selective pressures. The potential to generate variants with reduced sensitivity to a protease inhibitor was examined by selecting for virus growth in cell culture in the presence of the protease inhibitor A-77003. Virus variants grew out in the presence of the inhibitor, and these variants encoded proteases with reduced sensitivity to the inhibitor. Variants were identified that encoded changes in each of the three subsites of the protease that interact with the inhibitor. HIV-1 displays significant potential for altering its interaction with this protease inhibitor, suggesting the need for multiple protease inhibitors with varying specificities.
VITTORIO SERENI TRADUTTORE DI EZRA POUND
Creators: name: SACCONAGHI, CARLO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: My dissertation focuses on Vittorio Sereni?s translations of eight poems from Pound?s "Lustra", and investigates the influence that these translations exercised on Sereni?s own poetry. The first chapter outlines the context in which the translations were conceived. I detail the main inputs through which Sereni approached Pound?s poems in the early 1950?s: Luciano Anceschi and the group of young poets ? later organized in the Neo-Avant-Gardist ?63 Group? ? who considered Pound as a master; the praise for Pound that T.S. Eliot had stated on several occasions; and the ?Pound case?, which stimulated political and poetical discussions among Italian intellectuals after his arrest, extradition and internment. In this context, Sereni translated some poems from Lustra at the insistence of Pound?s main Italian publisher, Vanni Scheiwiller. The second chapter concerns the critical edition and a commentary of Sereni?s translations. In this section I collate the manuscripts, drafts and editions curated by Sereni and I record the author?s variants, which show the creative process preceding the final text. An overall interpretation of each poem is followed by a detailed analysis of Sereni?s stylistic choices and his translational attitude, which fluctuates between the assimilation and rejection of Pound?s technique. The last chapter reveals how the translations of Pound?s poems inspired Sereni?s own poetry. While searching for a renewed poetic language, Sereni was deeply intrigued by Pound?s poems because of their original aesthetic paradigm. I identify several textual elements which show Pound?s influence on the poems that Sereni wrote immediately after his translations ? such as the combination of different languages, the extension of the verses? measure, the assimilation of rhetorical devices as the iteration, and also, according to Pound?s aesthetics habit, the insertion of literary references. These stylistic features are not present in Sereni?s writings which precede Pound?s translations, and they characterize Sereni?s third book, "Gli strumenti umani" (1965). In conclusion, my research reveals the contribution that the translations from Pound?s early poems gave to the poetical development of Vittorio Sereni, and it represents a significant case study of the impact that Anglo-American modernist poetry had on the Italian post-hermetic poetic progress.
Substrate spectrum of human excinuclease: repair of abasic sites, methylated bases, mismatches, and bulky adducts.
Creators: name: Huang, J. C.
name: Kazantsev, A.
name: Hsu, D. S.
name: Sancar, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Nucleotide-excision repair is the repair system for removing bulky lesions from DNA. Humans deficient in this repair pathway suffer from xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), a disease characterized by photodermatoses, including skin cancers. At the cellular level, XP patients fail to remove cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and pyrimidine(6-4)pyrimidone photoproducts induced by UV light, as well as other bulky DNA lesions caused by various genotoxic agents. XP cells are not particularly sensitive to ionizing radiation or to alkylating agents that cause mostly nonbulky DNA lesions. Therefore, it has generally been assumed that the human nucleotide-excision repair enzyme (excinuclease) is specific for bulky adducts. To determine the substrate range of human excinuclease we used the highly sensitive excision assay and tested bulky adducts, synthetic apurinic/apyrimidinic sites, N6-methyladenine, O6-methylguanine, and mismatches as potential substrates. We found that all of these "lesions" were removed by human excinuclease, although with vastly different efficiencies.
Universal adiabatic quantum computation via the space-time circuit-to-Hamiltonian construction
Creators: name: Gosset, David
name: Terhal, Barbara M.
name: Vershynina, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to perform universal adiabatic quantum computation using a Hamiltonian which describes a set of particles with local interactions on a two-dimensional grid. A single parameter in the Hamiltonian is adiabatically changed as a function of time to simulate the quantum circuit. We bound the eigenvalue gap above the unique groundstate by mapping our model onto the ferromagnetic XXZ chain with kink boundary conditions; the gap of this spin chain was computed exactly by Koma and Nachtergaele using its $q$-deformed version of SU(2) symmetry. We also discuss a related time-independent Hamiltonian which was shown by Janzing to be capable of universal computation. We observe that in the limit of large system size, the time evolution is equivalent to the exactly solvable quantum walk on Young's lattice.
Targeted gene duplication and disruption for analyzing quantitative genetic traits in mice.
Creators: name: Kim, H. S.
name: Smithies, O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Experimental analysis of complex quantitative genetic traits, such as essential hypertension, should be greatly facilitated by being able to manipulate the expression of a gene in living animals without altering the nucleotide sequence, chromosomal location, or regulatory elements of the gene. To explore this possibility, we have used targeted gene disruption and duplication to generate mice that are genetically identical [(129 x C57BL6)F1] except for having one, two, or three functional copies of the gene coding for angiotensinogen. The two-copy animals have two normal copies of the angiotensinogen gene; the one-copy and three-copy animals have one normal copy with the other either disrupted or duplicated by gene targeting. The duplicated pair of genes was generated by a special form of gap-repair gene targeting that tandemly duplicates the whole of a gene together with 5' and 3' flanking regions. We find progressively and significantly higher levels of the gene product in the animals having increasing numbers of gene copies: the one-copy animals have steady-state plasma angiotensinogen levels approximately 35% of normal (P < 0.0001), and the three-copy animals have levels approximately 124% of normal (P < 0.004). Detailed information about regulatory sequences is not required for this type of experiment; nor is it necessary to have DNA clones or targeting constructs that cover the whole of the target gene. Varying gene copy numbers by targeting consequently offers a promising approach to quantitative genetics.
Effect of Disorder on the Conductance of (non-) Topological SN Junctions
Creators: name: Komijani, Yashar
name: Affleck, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General multi-channel SN junctions fall into two topological classes depending on whether or not there is a Majorana mode localized at the junction. This is known to lead to different behaviour of the conductance in the presence of arbitrary disorder near the junction. We discuss these topological properties from two perspectives, one based on representing the disorder by a scattering matrix in series with that of a clean SN junction and one based on low energy field theory methods. The first approach is used to discuss the effect of an Ohmic contact between a quantum wire and a three dimensional metal far from the junction. The second is useful for treating interactions.
description: References and clarifications added, sections reorganized