cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reliability of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems – The Learning Curve in Yield and System Cost
Creators: name: Nordmann, T.
name: Clavadetscher, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3217-3221
description: The scope of this paper is to give an overview of the system costs of 527 grid-connected PV systems from the data collected over a 18-month-period as part of the IEA PVPS Task 2 Economic Survey and operational performance of 461 grid-connected PV systems from the IEA PVPS Database. The datasets analysed are mainly from small residential grid-connected PV systems and also from some larger grid-connected PV systems from 11 countries for the cost data and from 17 countries for the operational data. They include freestanding, roof top and façade integrated systems. The PV plants investigated were built between 1991 and 2006. The monitored data from the 461 PV systems comprises datasets from 1 544 operational years. Analysis of the data available shows a trend towards lower system cost and a higher performance ratio (PR) over time. This paper is a summary of the IEA PVPS Task 2 Report T2-06-2007 [3].
Antiviral treatment against Monkeypox: A Scoping review
Creators: name: Ortiz-Saavedra, Brando
name: Martinez, Alex Ricardo
name: Montes-Madariaga, Elizbet Susan
name: León-Figueroa, Darwin Anthony
name: Barboza, Joshuan J.
name: Alva, Niza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110303 Clinical Microbiology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Pharmacology

description: In the last year, 2021 countries were going through the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), generating different epidemiological measures in different countries. However, the emergence of a new pandemic has generated a global and national alert. Currently, monkeypox, a reemerging zoonotic disease, is caused by the monkeypox virus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Poxviridae family, genus Orthopoxvirus. It is transmitted through respiratory droplet contact, sexual and direct contact especially if there is the presence of infectious sores, scabs, or body fluids and fomites. Symptomatology is similar to the disease known as smallpox, in monkeypox, there is usually fever, skin rash which is more common on the face and extremities than on the trunk, and lymphadenopathy. In addition, it has an incubation period of 5 to 20 days. The infection is not serious and is usually treated on an outpatient basis, but there may be cases of pneumonia, skin infections, confusion, and eye infections that may cause loss of vision. Treatment is the same as for all orthopoxvirus genera. Although monkeypox is usually self-limiting and does not require medical treatment, there are some antiviral treatment alternatives such as tecovirimat, brincidofovir, and cidofovir that have been approved in animal models but their efficacy has not been measured in humans. Currently, the smallpox vaccine, antivirals, and intravenous immunoglobulin vaccinia have been able to stop the spread of previous outbreaks of monkeypox. The objective of the present review is to explore the extent of evidence on antiviral pharmacotherapy available for the treatment of adult patients with Monkeypox since it is a disease whose mortality rate is highly variable, thus, it is also important to identify which patients would benefit most from this therapy. In addition, mortality reported in different studies is vulnerable to case-verification bias; case fatality rates ranging from 1 to 10% have been reported in places such as the Congo basin.
Optimal Route Planning with Prioritized Task Scheduling for AUV Missions
Creators: name: Zadeh, S. Mahmoud
name: Powers, D.
name: Sammut, K.
name: Lammas, A.
name: Yazdani, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a solution to Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) large scale route planning and task assignment joint problem. Given a set of constraints (e.g., time) and a set of task priority values, the goal is to find the optimal route for underwater mission that maximizes the sum of the priorities and minimizes the total risk percentage while meeting the given constraints. Making use of the heuristic nature of genetic and swarm intelligence algorithms in solving NP-hard graph problems, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) are employed to find the optimum solution, where each individual in the population is a candidate solution (route). To evaluate the robustness of the proposed methods, the performance of the all PS and GA algorithms are examined and compared for a number of Monte Carlo runs. Simulation results suggest that the routes generated by both algorithms are feasible and reliable enough, and applicable for underwater motion planning. However, the GA-based route planner produces superior results comparing to the results obtained from the PSO based route planner.
School water, sanitation, and hygiene inequalities: a bane of sustainable development goal six in Nigeria
Creators: name: Wada, Ojima Zechariah
name: Olawade, David Bamidele
name: Oladeji, Eunice Oluwafolakemi
name: Amusa, Aminat Opeyemi
name: Oloruntoba, Elizabeth Omoladun
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Public health

description: Objectives The importance of school water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in achieving the Sustainable Development Goal targets 6.1 and 6.2 in developing countries cannot be overemphasized. However, widespread WASH inequalities remain an impediment to achieving the targets by 2030. Hence, this study was conducted to examine current school-WASH disparities among public and private schools in a low-income Nigerian community using mixed methods. Methods The cross-sectional survey utilized multi-stage sampling to select 400 students from five public and five private schools in Akinyele, Ibadan. Semi-structured questionnaires and observational checklists were used to obtain data. Inferential statistics were measured at a 95% confidence interval. Independent variables like the students’ sociodemographic characteristics, school type, and available WASH facilities were associated with dependent variables like respondents’ hand hygiene and sanitation practices and WASH-associated knowledge and attitude to examine existing inequalities. Results Classifying the available WASH facilities based on the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme, none of the public schools provided any sanitation and hygiene service, while all the private schools provided both services. Furthermore, the private-school students had significantly better WASH knowledge (p<0.001; Ƞ2p=0.152) and attitude (p<0.001; Ƞ2p=0.036) compared with the public-school students. Also, a significantly higher portion of public-school students practiced open defecation at school (p<0.001; odds ratio (OR)=7.4; confidence interval (CI)=4.1–13.5) and at home (p<0.001; OR=7.8; CI=3.7–16.7). Conclusion WASH disparities among socioeconomic groups remain a persistent challenge. Sole reliance on the Government to narrow the inequalities has persistently proven unfruitful. There is a need to empower local community stakeholders to facilitate sustainable school-WASH interventions.Other Information Published in: Canadian Journal of Public Health
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.17269/s41997-022-00633-9
Petronymphe Moore 1951
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Jorge
name: Terrazas, Teresa
name: Solano, Eloy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Asparagaceae
Petronymphe

description: Petronymphe Moore (1951: 258)
 Type:— Petronymphe decora H.E. Moore.
Perennial herbs. Corms covered by the membranous leaf bases. Leaves 3‒6 disposed in a basal rosette, obtriangular or semiterete in transversal section, fistulous at the base, linear, equal to or longer than the inflorescence axis, margins with obtuse or acute prominences. Bracts 3‒4, membranous, bracteole one per flower. Inflorescence an umbel with 3‒25 flowers, pedicels articulated and geniculate at the flower joint. Flowers tubular, descendent and nodding, long pedunculated, with three depressions at the base, tube longer than the tepal lobes; tepals resupinate to descendent, 3-nerved. Stamens 6, filaments adnate to the tube and arising at its mouth, flared towards the base; anthers shorter or almost half the length of the free portion of filaments, dorsifixed introrse, longitudinally dehiscent. Gynophore radially adnate to perigone tube, developing three cavities. Ovary adnate ¼ of its length to the tube, trilocular; style filiform; stigma 3-lobed, papillose. Fruit an erect, loculicidal capsule. Seeds ca. 20, irregularly ellipsoid, laterally compressed, black, shiny, reticulated (Fig. 2b, e).
description: Published as part of Gutiérrez, Jorge, Terrazas, Teresa & Solano, Eloy, 2016, Petronymphe rara a new species of Oaxaca, Mexico and the rediscovery of P. decora (Asparagaceae: Brodiaeoideae), pp. 113-119 in Phytotaxa 269 (2) on page 116, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.269.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13651398
Excitation spectra of solitary waves in scalar field models with polynomial self-interaction
Creators: name: Gani, Vakhid A.
name: Lensky, Vadim
name: Lizunova, Mariya A.
name: Mrozovskaya, Elizaveta V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study excitations of solitary waves -- the kinks -- in scalar models with degree eight polynomial self-interaction in (1+1) dimensions. We perform numerical studies of scattering of two kinks with an exponential asymptotic off each other and analyse the occurring resonance phenomena. We connect these phenomena to the energy exchange between the translational and the vibrational modes of the colliding kinks. We also point out that the interaction of two kinks with power-law asymptotic can lead to a long-range interaction between the two kinks.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Influence of polymer structure and amount on microstructure and properties of polyethylene-modified asphalt binders
Creators: name: Roja, K. Lakshmi
name: Rehman, Amara
name: Ouederni, Mabrouk
name: Krishnamoorthy, Senthil Kumar
name: Abdala, Ahmed
name: Masad, Eyad
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: Macromolecular and materials chemistry

description: In recent years, the use of polyethylene (PE) for asphalt modification has been gaining increased attention due to the environmental sustainability and cost-saving benefits. To optimize the performance of the PE-asphalt blends, it is necessary to understand the polymer-binder interactions and their impact on the properties of the modified asphalt binder. In this study, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with low and high melt flow index (MFI), i.e., LDPE4 and LDPE70, were blended with Pen 60-70 asphalt binder in dosages ranging from 1 to 5 wt.%. PE Wax was also added to the binder or the PE-binder blend to enhance dispersion. The dispersion of PE in the binder and the phase stability of the modified binder were investigated by optical microscope. The equivalent diameter of PE domains increased with time and the polymer dosage level. The addition of PE wax improved the polymer dispersity in the LDPE4 blends. The polymer dispersity in LDPE70 blends was good without adding PE Wax, attributed to the higher MFI value (low molecular weight) of LDPE70. In addition, to understand the stability of polymer modified binder, the steady shear viscosity-temperature profile of these binders was studied using a rotational viscometer. The dynamic rheological properties and performance of the PE-binder blends were evaluated using the dynamic shear rheometer. Based on the microstructure, all other rheological and performance properties, it was concluded that the 3% LDPE70 binder has better polymer dispersity, better low and high temperature performance characteristics.Other Information Published in: Materials and Structures
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1617/s11527-021-01683-0
Minority Carrier Diffusion Length Evaluation From Spectral Response and Laser Scanning Induced Current
Creators: name: Sayad, Y.
name: Kaminski, A.
name: Nouiri, A.
name: Blanc, D.
name: Lemiti, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 372-374
description: Transport properties of minority carriers are evaluated by Light Beam Induced Current and Internal Quantum Efficiency measurements in multicrystalline, monocrystalline Cz and epitaxial silicon samples. Diffusion length values are
calculated from experimental data, using analytical models and numerical simulation. Surface passivation appears to be a necessary step to determine the diffusion length in thin samples.
Electromagnetic induction imaging with a radio-frequency atomic magnetometer
Creators: name: Deans, Cameron
name: Marmugi, Luca
name: Hussain, Sarah
name: Renzoni, Ferruccio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a compact, tunable, and scalable to large arrays imaging device, based on a radio-frequency optically pumped atomic magnetometer operating in magnetic induction tomography modality. Imaging of conductive objects is performed at room temperature, in an unshielded environment and without background subtraction. Conductivity maps of target objects exhibit not only excellent performance in terms of shape reconstruction but also demonstrate detection of sub-millimetric cracks and penetration of conductive barriers. The results presented here demonstrate the potential of a future generation of imaging instruments, which combine magnetic induction tomography and the unmatched performance of atomic magnetometers.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
The elastic nonveridicality property of indicative conditionals
Creators: name: Liu, Mingya
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: indicative conditionals
subject: nonveridicality
subject: speaker commitment
subject: conditional connective
subject: negative polarity item
subject: 400 Sprache
subject: 800 Literatur (Belletristik) und Rhetorik

description: Indicative conditionals are known to have the semantic property of nonveridicality, that is, they do not entail the truth of the antecedent. In this paper, I argue that the nonveridicality property of indicative conditionals is elastic in that it can be affected by the choice of conditional connectives and negative polarity items. Two experiments are reported, one on German and the other on English. They show that in both languages, the presence of negative polarity items conveys a weakened speaker commitment towards the antecedent, although there is cross-linguistic variation concerning the effect of conditional connectives.
Simulation of Melting Process of Silicon in a Vacuum Induction Polycrystal Growth Melting Furnace
Creators: name: Lian, S.-S.
name: Wang, Y.-S.
name: Tsao, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 385-389
description: The growth of polycrystalline solar silicon is closely related to the quality and cost of solar cells, and in the process, the temperature distribution in the furnace is even more critical to the success of solidification. To achieve a directional crystal growth and good properties of poly-Si, it is necessary to simulate the induction melting and to calculate the temperature distribution in the vacuum furnace with quartz crucible for proper controls of parameters. The paper will present the calculated temperature distribution results of silicon melt in different arrangement of crucible with top graphite susceptor and various position of melt. The simulation is conducted with a finite element method COMSOL software. The modeling includes harmonic electromagnetic and transient thermal analysis. The correlation between simulation and experimental result is reasonable.
Asymptotic properties for combined $L_1$ and concave regularization
Creators: name: Fan, Yingying
name: Lv, Jinchi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62J07(Primary) 62F07(Secondary)

description: Two important goals of high-dimensional modeling are prediction and variable selection. In this article, we consider regularization with combined $L_1$ and concave penalties, and study the sampling properties of the global optimum of the suggested method in ultra-high dimensional settings. The $L_1$-penalty provides the minimum regularization needed for removing noise variables in order to achieve oracle prediction risk, while concave penalty imposes additional regularization to control model sparsity. In the linear model setting, we prove that the global optimum of our method enjoys the same oracle inequalities as the lasso estimator and admits an explicit bound on the false sign rate, which can be asymptotically vanishing. Moreover, we establish oracle risk inequalities for the method and the sampling properties of computable solutions. Numerical studies suggest that our method yields more stable estimates than using a concave penalty alone.
description: 16 pages
Fabrication of circuits by multi-nozzle electrohydrodynamic inkjet printing for soft wearable electronics
Creators: name: Khan, Arshad
name: Rahman, Khalid
name: Ali, Shawkat
name: Khan, Saleem
name: Wang, Bo
name: Bermak, Amine
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Abstract Wearable electronic devices are evolving from current rigid configurations to flexible and ultimately stretchable structures. These emerging systems require soft circuits for connecting the various working units of the overall system. This paper presents fabrication of soft circuits by electrohydrodynamic (EHD) inkjet-printing technique. Multi-nozzle EHD printing head is employed for rapid fabrication of electric circuits on a wide set of materials, including glass substrate (rigid), flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films, and stretchable thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) films. To avoid the effects of substrate materials on the jettability, the proposed multi-nozzle head is equipped with integrated individual counter electrodes (electrodes are placed above the printing substrate). High-resolution circuits (50 ± 5 µm) with high electrical conductivity (0.6 Ω □−1) on soft substrate materials validate our well-controlled multi-nozzle EHD printing approach. The produced circuits showed excellent flexibility (bending radius ≈ 5 mm radius), high stretchability (strain ≈ 100%), and long-term mechanical stability (500 cycles at 30% strain). The concept is further demonstrated with a soft strain sensor based on a multi-nozzle EHD-printed circuit, employed for monitoring the human motion (finger bending), indicating the potential applications of these circuits in soft wearable electronic devices.Other Information Published in: Journal of Materials Research
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43578-021-00188-4
Suplementary data for Utilizing MinION Nanopore Oxford Technology for Long-read Sequencing from Genomic DNA of Parashorea lucida
Creators: name: Tauhida, Nita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Botany
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Polishing genome contig
Survival of the impactor during hypervelocity collisions I: An analogue for low porosity targets
Creators: name: Avdellidou, C.
name: Price, M. C.
name: Delbo, M.
name: Ioannidis, P.
name: Cole, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of asteroidal surfaces indicate the presence of materials that do not match the bulk lithology of the body. A possible explanation for the presence of these exogenous materials is that they are products of inter-asteroid impacts in the Main Belt, and thus interest has increased in understanding the fate of the projectile during hypervelocity impacts. In order to gain insight into the fate of impactor we have carried out a laboratory programme, covering the velocity range of 0.38 - 3.50 km/s, devoted to measuring the survivability, fragmentation and final state of the impactor. Forsterite olivine and synthetic basalt projectiles were fired onto low porosity (<10%) pure water-ice targets using the University of Kent's Light Gas Gun (LGG). We developed a novel method to identify impactor fragments which were found in ejecta and implanted into the target. We applied astronomical photometry techniques, using the SOURCE EXTRACTOR software, to automatically measure the dimensions of thousands of fragments. This procedure enabled us to estimate the implanted mass on the target body, which was found to be a few percent of the initial mass of the impactor. We calculated an order of magnitude difference in the energy density of catastrophic disruption, Q*, between peridot and basalt projectiles. However, we found very similar behaviour of the size frequency distributions for the hypervelocity shots (>1 km/s). After each shot, we examined the largest peridot fragments with Raman spectroscopy and no melt or alteration in the final state of the projectile was observed.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Photoconversion Efficiency of Quantum Well Solar Cells for Optional Base Doping Level
Creators: name: Sachenko, A.
name: Sokolovskyi, I.O.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 257-260
description: Analytical expressions for quantum well solar cells (QWSC) maximum obtainable photoconversion efficiency at AM0 conditions are obtained. QWSC photoconversion efficiency modeling at no concentration for AM1.5 conditions is fulfilled using SimWindows program. It is shown that A3B5 p-i-n QWSC photoconversion efficiency is quite low because of low photovoltage. The base region should be strong enough doped to increase this efficiency. Light concentration enables considerable increase of A3B5 p-i-n QWSC photoconversion efficiency making it comparable to high base region doped SC photoconversion efficiency.
Effect of medium-chain fatty acids supplementation in diet on productive performance, meat quality and cecal microbial population of broiler chickens
Creators: name: Jiraporn Thamma, Wiriya Loongyai
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2023
Subjects: medium-chain fatty acids
productive performance
meat quality
cecal microbial
broilers

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 51, 5, 819-829
Elucidation of Plasma-induced Chemical Modifications on Glutathione and Glutathione Disulphide
Creators: name: Klinkhammer, Christina
name: Verlackt, Christof
name: Śmiłowicz, Dariusz
name: Kogelheide, Friederike
name: Bogaerts, Annemie
name: Metzler-Nolte, Nils
name: Stapelmann, Katharina
name: Havenith, Martina
name: Lackmann, Jan-Wilm
Publisher: name: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: glutathione
subject: glutathione disulfide
subject: reactive nitrogen species
subject: reactive oxygen metabolite
subject: chemistry
subject: drug effect
subject: human
subject: mass spectrometry
subject: metabolism
subject: oxidation reduction reaction
subject: oxidative stress
subject: pharmacology
subject: plasma gas
subject: Humans
subject: Reactive Oxygen Species
subject: 500
subject: 600

description: Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas are gaining increased interest in the medical sector and clinical trials to treat skin diseases are underway. Plasmas are capable of producing several reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). However, there are open questions how plasma-generated RONS interact on a molecular level in a biological environment, e.g. cells or cell components. The redox pair glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulphide (GSSG) forms the most important redox buffer in organisms responsible for detoxification of intracellular reactive species. We apply Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and molecular dynamics simulations to identify the time-dependent chemical modifications on GSH and GSSG that are caused by dielectric barrier discharge under ambient conditions. We find GSSG, S-oxidised glutathione species, and S-nitrosoglutathione as oxidation products with the latter two being the final products, while glutathione sulphenic acid, glutathione sulphinic acid, and GSSG are rather reaction intermediates. Experiments using stabilized pH conditions revealed the same main oxidation products as were found in unbuffered solution, indicating that the dominant oxidative or nitrosative reactions are not influenced by acidic pH. For more complex systems these results indicate that too long treatment times can cause difficult-to-handle modifications to the cellular redox buffer which can impair proper cellular function.
Mesoscopic Kinetic Basis of Macroscopic Chemical Thermodynamics: A Mathematical Theory
Creators: name: Ge, Hao
name: Qian, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From a mathematical model that describes a complex chemical kinetic system of $N$ species and $M$ elementrary reactions in a rapidly stirred vessel of size $V$ as a Markov process, we show that a macroscopic chemical thermodynamics emerges as $V\rightarrow\infty$. The theory is applicable to linear and nonlinear reactions, closed systems reaching chemical equilibrium, or open, driven systems approaching to nonequilibrium steady states. A generalized mesoscopic free energy gives rise to a macroscopic chemical energy function $φ^{ss}(\vx)$ where $\vx=(x_1,\cdots,x_N)$ are the concentrations of the $N$ chemical species. The macroscopic chemical dynamics $\vx(t)$ satisfies two emergent laws: (1) $(\rd/\rd t)φ^{ss}[\vx(t)]\le 0$, and (2)$(\rd/\rd t)φ^{ss}[\vx(t)]=\text{cmf}(\vx)-σ(\vx)$ where entropy production rate $σ\ge 0$ represents the sink for the chemical energy, and chemical motive force $\text{cmf}\ge 0$ is non-zero if the system is driven under a sustained nonequilibrium chemostat. For systems with detailed balance $\text{cmf}=0$, and if one assumes the law of mass action,$φ^{ss}(\vx)$ is precisely the Gibbs' function $\sum_{i=1}^N x_i\big[μ_i^o+\ln x_i\big]$ for ideal solutions. For a class of kinetic systems called complex balanced, which include many nonlinear systems as well as many simple open, driven chemical systems, the $φ^{ss}(\vx)$, with global minimum at $\vx^*$, has the generic form $\sum_{i=1}^N x_i\big[\ln(x_i/x_i^*)-x_i+x_i^*\big]$,which has been known in chemical kinetic literature.Macroscopic emergent "laws" are independent of the details of the underlying kinetics. This theory provides a concrete example from chemistry showing how a dynamic macroscopic law can emerge from the kinetics at a level below.
description: 8 pages
MOVPE Growth of Homoepitaxial Germanium Cells for Photovoltaic and Thermophotovoltaic Applications Using Iso-Buthyl Germane as Organic Precursor
Creators: name: Ferrari, C.
name: Bosi, M.
name: Attolini, G.
name: Frigeri, C.
name: Gombia, E.
name: Pelosi, C.
name: Arumainhatan, S.
name: Musayeva, N.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 394-398
description: In the present work Ge layers were epitaxially deposited on Ge by Metal Organic Vapour Phase Epitaxy (MOVPE) using Iso-Butyl Germane (iBuGe) as organic precursor. Samples were deposited using either only iBuGe or
adding doses of AsH3 as surfactant to obtain a better surface morphology. The nominally undoped layers were analysed by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and High Resolution X-Ray Diffraction (HRXRD). When iBuGe partial pressure was below 4x10-6, the Ge layers showed good morphology and crystallographic quality but for higher values of iBuGe partial pressure pits on the surface were evidenced by both AFM and TEM, with the pit density related to the growth rate. Better results in terms of surface morphology and FWHM x-ray diffraction profile were obtained on exactly oriented (001) Ge substrates. A good Ge/Ge interface with a low defect density was observed by TEM cross section micrographs.
The use of AsH3 as surfactant permitted to increase the iBuGe partial pressure used in the growth without degrading the layer properties. A decrease in the growth rate up to 4 times was observed with the use of surfactant. HR-XRD measurements evidenced a good crystal structure of the epitaxial germanium layer, while TEM revealed the presence of a high defect density at the interface. Using a p-type substrate as base and an n-type Ge layer as emitter, a p-n junction was realised by standard photolitographic techniques and Au as ohmic contacts. The I-V characterisation on these non passivated junctions showed a good rectifying
behaviour and an open circuit voltage (VOC) comparable to the one reported in literature for diffused Ge cells.
Effects of dietary medium chain fatty acids and phytogenic compounds on growth performance and intestinal histomorphology of broiler chickens
Creators: name: Ananchai Philatha, Ornprapun Songserm
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2023
Subjects: medium-chain fatty acids
phytogenic compounds
intestinal histomorphology
broiler chicken

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 51, 5, 830-841
A sharp bound on RIC in generalized orthogonal matching pursuit
Creators: name: Chen, Wengu
name: Ge, Huanmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generalized orthogonal matching pursuit (gOMP) algorithm has received much attention in recent years as a natural extension of orthogonal matching pursuit. It is used to recover sparse signals in compressive sensing. In this paper, a new bound is obtained for the exact reconstruction of every $K$-sparse signal via the gOMP algorithm in the noiseless case. That is, if the restricted isometry constant (RIC) $δ_{NK+1}$ of the sensing matrix $A$ satisfies \begin{eqnarray*} δ_{NK+1}
description: 21 pages
Curcumin and Derivatives in Nanoformulations with Therapeutic Potential on Colorectal Cancer
Creators: name: Idoudi, Sourour
name: Bedhiafi, Takwa
name: Hijji, Yousef Mohammad
name: Billa, Nashiru
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences

description: There is growing concern in the rise of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases globally, and with this rise is the presentation of drug resistance. Like other cancers, current treatment options are either invasive or manifest severe side effects. Thus, there is a move towards implementing safer treatment options. Curcumin (CUR), extracted from Curcuma longa, has received significant attention by scientists as possible alternative to chemotherapeutic agents. It is safe and effective against CRC and nontoxic in moderate concentrations. Crucially, it specifically modulates apoptotic effects on CRC. However, the use of CUR is limited by its low solubility and poor bioavailability in aqueous media. These limitations are surmountable through novel approaches, such as nanoencapsulation of CUR, which masks the physicochemical properties of CUR, thus potentiating its anti-CRC effects. Furthermore, chemical derivatization of CUR is another approach that can be used to address the above constraints. This review spans published work in the last two decades, with key findings employing either of the two approaches, in addition to a combined approach in managing CRC. The combined approach affords the possibility of better treatment outcomes but not widely investigated nor yet clinically implemented. Graphical AbstractOther Information Published in: AAPS PharmSciTech
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-022-02268-y
2 Years of Operation of the Sevilla PV 1.2 MW Grid Connected Plant
Creators: name: Munoz, J.A.
name: Silva, D.
name: Payan Rodriguez, A.
name: Pereles, O.
name: Osuna, R.
name: Alonso-Abella, M.
name: Chenlo, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Systems
Grid-connected Applications

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3199-3202
description: The purpose of this work is to present and analyze the first two years of operation data of the 1.2 MW, low concentration photovoltaic plant connected to the grid for electricity generation. The objective of this project was to set the basis of a significant cost reduction in the generation of PV energy using conventional modules combined with two additional concepts: low concentration (2.2X and 1.5X) and two-axis sun tracking. After two years of operation the measured values of energy production match very well those predicted theoretically.
PV Inverters Supporting Electrical Grid Stability Through Active and Reactive Power Control
Creators: name: Wachenfeld, V.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Systems
Grid-connected Applications

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3203-3207
description: European governments substantially support the further extension of renewable energies. As an example, the German Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) led to a remarkable increase of the share of renewable sources in the electrical power supply, especially driven by wind and photovoltaic sources. A basic need to guarantee the stability of transmission and distribution grids with a growing share of renewable suppliers, is the need to
integrate these sources into grid stability management. The new grid code „Erzeugungsanlagen am Mittelspannungsnetz“ of the German Energy and Water Industries Association (BDEW) just like comparable guidelines in other European countries, actually defines requirements to include larger PV plants as well as other renewable sources into control mechanisms in medium voltage grids. The main requirements can be divided into functions maintaining the long term grid stability, like reduction of active power for bottleneck-management in the transmission grid, or like feeding reactive power to keep the grid voltage in its nominal range, and dynamic requirements to keep the distribution grid stabile even in case of events like a voltage drop due to a failure in the superior transmission grid (so called FRT = Fault Ride Through). An almost unlimited access to the European distribution and transmission grids is a fundamental pre-condition to reach the aim of a maximum share of renewable energies. This unrestricted access will only be possible if renewable power sources are integrated into the grid stability management. Nevertheless, it is important to keep things in proportion. Whereas MW scale PV systems connected to the medium voltage grid will surely have to contribute to grid stability, small scale systems below 100 kWp feeding into local or regional low voltage grids will not have a major impact on keeping the public grid stabilized. And the costs to put all necessary system services into practice can easily jeopardize the profitability of PV installations – especially in the residential application below 30 kWP.
Study of GaInP Heterojunction Solar Cell Interface Properties by Admittance Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Gudovskikh, A.S.
name: Kleider, J.P.
name: Chouffot, R.
name: Kalyuzhnyy, N.
name: Lantratov, V.
name: Mintairov, S.A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 358-363
description: The capability of the admittance spectroscopy for the GaInP heterojunction interface properties study was demonstrated using both experimental and simulation results.The influence of the heterointerface band structure on admittance spectra was studied, and a crucial role of the band discontinuities (valence and conduction band offsets) was demonstrated. For example, it was shown that the activation energy of the capacitance step correlates with the values of band offset at the corresponding interfaces. The sensitivity of the admittance spectroscopy to the interface density of states was also demonstrated by the computer simulations.
On the Determination of Silicon Solar Cell Properties Via Capacitance Characteristics
Creators: name: Macku, R.
name: Koktavy, P.
name: Skarvada, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 364-369
description: Diffusion technology based PN junction silicon solar cells are currently the most widespread solar cell types. Their extremely large junctions (hundreds of cm2) contain lots of defect regions which deteriorate the properties of the whole solar cells. This paper analyses in detail the issue of measuring the reverse-biased PN junction capacity (the barrier capacity) and its applications in non-destructive diagnostics. Relations between the specimen UI curves and noise generated in consequence of local avalanche breakdowns (microplasma noise) will be shown. The capacitance versus reverse voltage plots were measured using the „Auto balancing bridge method“, which proved to serve the purpose very well. Thus obtained capacitance versus reverse voltage characteristics provide information on the inhomogeneity nature resulting from local variations of the impurity concentration. Our measurement results have shown that valuable information on the junction, such as, the solar cell P-region acceptor concentration NA, can be obtained via numerical result processing.
A service system with randomly behaving on-demand agents
Creators: name: Nguyen, Lam
name: Stolyar, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90B15, 60K25

description: We consider a service system where agents (or, servers) are invited on-demand. Customers arrive as a Poisson process and join a customer queue. Customer service times are i.i.d. exponential. Agents' behavior is random in two respects. First, they can be invited into the system exogenously, and join the agent queue after a random time. Second, with some probability they rejoin the agent queue after a service completion, and otherwise leave the system. The objective is to design a real-time adaptive agent invitation scheme that keeps both customer and agent queues/waiting-times small. We study an adaptive scheme, which controls the number of pending agent invitations, based on queue-state feedback. We study the system process fluid limits, in the asymptotic regime where the customer arrival rate goes to infinity. The fluid limit trajectories have complicated behavior -- there are two domains where they follow different ODEs, and a "reflecting" boundary. We use the machinery of switched linear systems and common quadratic Lyapunov functions to approach the stability of fluid limits at the desired equilibrium point (with zero queues). We derive sufficient local stability conditions for the fluid limits. We conjecture that, for our model, local stability is in fact sufficient for global stability of fluid limits; the validity of this conjecture is supported by numerical and simulation experiments. When the local stability conditions do hold, simulations show good overall performance of the scheme.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1409.7380
Robust detection of CID double stars in SDSS
Creators: name: Pourbaix, D.
name: Knapp, G. R.
name: Gunn, J. E.
name: Lupton, R. H.
name: Ivezic, Z.
name: Siopis, C.
name: Rigaux, M.
name: Rubbens, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) offers a unique possibility of not only detecting Colour Induced Displacement (CID) double stars but also confirming these detections. Methods. Successive cuts are applied to the SDSS DR12 database in order to reduce the size of the sample to be considered. The resulting dataset is then screened with a criterion based on the distance and orientation of the photocentres in different photometric bands. Results. About 3 200 distinct objects are classified as CID double stars, 40 of which are confirmed with at least a second detection. A consistency check further validates these detections.
description: Accepted in A&A, 6 pages, 9 figures
Advances in Luminescence Based Series Resistance Imaging on Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kampwerth, H.
name: Trupke, T.
name: Weber, J.W.
name: Augarten, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 342-345
description: An improved technique for fast and spatially resolved measurement of the effective series resistance of silicon solar cells from luminescence images is introduced. Without compromising the advantages of speed, resolution and non-destructiveness this method offers significant advantages in terms of increased robustness against variations in local diode characteristics. Improvements over previous luminescence based series resistance imaging methods are discussed. Lateral variations of the series resistance of an industrial screen printed multicrystalline silicon solar cell obtained from this method show excellent correlation with a Corescan measurement and are also shown to be unaffected by lateral variations in the diode properties.
Immunoglobulin abnormalities are frequent in patients with lupus nephritis
Creators: name: Cuadrado, M. J.
name: Calatayud, I.
name: Urquizu-Padilla, M.
name: Wijetilleka, S.
name: Kiani-Alikhan, S.
name: Karim, M. Y.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Hypogammaglobulinemia is a complication of B-cell targeting therapies (BCTT), used in vasculitis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Since autoimmune diseases are associated with underlying and induced immune abnormalities, several societies recommend assessing immune function before and during rituximab treatment. In SLE, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia is the typical alteration of gammaglobulins, though hypogammaglobulinemia has also been reported. This is a cross-sectional study describing immunoglobulin levels measured as part of routine care in patients with lupus nephritis, a group with multiple factors contributing to immunoglobulin abnormalities, including immune dysregulation, immunosuppression and nephrotic syndrome. Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia occurred in 15/83 (18.1%) patients. In contrast, low levels of immunoglobulins were found as follows: selective IgA deficiency 2/83 (2.4%), reduced IgG levels 7/83 (8.4%), reduced IgM 14/83 (16.9%). Only 1 patient required immunoglobulin replacement. Immunoglobulin abnormalities are frequently found in lupus nephritis, ranging from polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia to hypogammglobulinemia. Consequently, immunoglobulin levels should be assessed prior to commencing BCTT.Other Information Published in: BMC Rheumatology
 License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41927-019-0079-2
Superconductivity in potassium-doped metallic polymorphs of MoS2
Creators: name: Zhang, Renyan
name: Tsai, I-Ling
name: Chapman, James
name: Khestanova, Ekaterina
name: Waters, John
name: Grigorieva, Irina V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) stand out among other superconductors due to the tunable nature of the superconducting transition, coexistence with other collective electronic excitations (charge density waves) and strong intrinsic spin-orbit coupling. Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is the most studied representative of this family of materials, especially since the recent demonstration of the possibility to tune its critical temperature, Tc, by electric-field doping. However, just one of its polymorphs, band-insulator 2H-MoS2, has so far been explored for its potential to host superconductivity. We have investigated the possibility to induce superconductivity in metallic polytypes, 1T- and 1T'-MoS2, by potassium (K) intercalation. We demonstrate that at doping levels significantly higher than that required to induce superconductivity in 2H-MoS2, both 1T and 1T' phases become superconducting, with Tc = 2.8 and 4.6K, respectively. Unusually, K intercalation in this case is responsible both for the structural and superconducting phase transitions. By adding new members to the family of superconducting TMDs our findings open the way to further manipulate and enhance the electronic properties of these technologically important materials.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures plus 7 supplementary figures in Nano Letters, November 27, 2015