cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetized hot neutron matter: lowest order constrained variational calculations
Creators: name: Bordbar, G. H.
name: Rezaei, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the spin polarized hot neutron matter in the presence of strong magnetic field. In this work, using the lowest order constrained variational method at finite temperature and employing $AV_{18}$ nuclear potential, some thermodynamic properties of spin polarized neutron matter such as spin polarization parameter, free energy, equation of state and effective mass have been calculated. It has been shown that the strong magnetic field breaks the symmetry of the free energy, leading to a magnetized equilibrium state. We have found that the equation of state becomes stiffer by increasing both magnetic field and temperature. The magnetic field dependence of effective mass for the spin-up and spin-down neutrons has been investigated.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, Phys. Lett. B (2012) in press
title: Ulrich Müller (Hrsg.): Handwerk – Stadt – Hanse. Ergebnisse der Archäologie zum mittelalterlichen Handwerk im südlichen Ostseeraum (Greifswalder Mitteilungen. Beiträge zu Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Mittelalterarchäologie 4). Frankfurt am Main 2000
Creators: name: Pfrommer, Jochem
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Rezension zu: Ulrich Müller (Hrsg.): Handwerk – Stadt – Hanse. Ergebnisse der Archäologie zum mittelalterlichen Handwerk im südlichen Ostseeraum (Greifswalder Mitteilungen. Beiträge zu Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Mittelalterarchäologie 4) Frankfurt am Main 2000. 253 Seiten, zahlreiche Abbildungen. ISBN 3-631-36400-8.
Finding alternatives to 5-fluorouracil: application of ensemble-based virtual screening for drug repositioning against human thymidylate synthase
Creators: name: Mteremko, Denis
name: Shadrack, Daniel M.
name: Ntie-Kang, Fidele
name: Chilongola, Jaffu
name: Chacha, Musa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: 5-fluorouracil and analogs are used in the treatment of many solid tumours. However, there are many cases of resistance and high toxicity associated with 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Repurposing FDA drugs against human thymidylate synthase revealed a number of FDA drugs that have a potential to be further developed for the treatment of various cancers for which 5-fluorouracil and analogs have been used for chemotherapy. Four FDA drugs prioritized for further validation included Erismodegib, Irinotecan, Conivaptan and Ergotamine. The role of water in mediating drug interactions and its contribution to the total binding energy was also shown. MM-PBSA calculations revealed that the binding affinity was the lowest for the hTS-Ergotamine complex (–66.702 ± 1.807 kJ/mol) suggesting moderate inhibition despite a large energetic contribution from van der Waal interactions (–190.889 ± 1.027 kJ/mol). Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
A three-phase chemical model of hot cores: the formation of glycine
Creators: name: Garrod, Robin T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new chemical model is presented that simulates fully-coupled gas-phase, grain-surface and bulk-ice chemistry in hot cores. Glycine (NH2CH2COOH), the simplest amino acid, and related molecules such as glycinal, propionic acid and propanal, are included in the chemical network. Glycine is found to form in moderate abundance within and upon dust-grain ices via three radical-addition mechanisms, with no single mechanism strongly dominant. Glycine production in the ice occurs over temperatures ~40-120 K. Peak gas-phase glycine fractional abundances lie in the range 8 x 10^{-11} - 8 x 10^{-9}, occuring at ~200 K, the evaporation temperature of glycine. A gas-phase mechanism for glycine production is tested and found insignificant, even under optimal conditions. A new spectroscopic radiative-transfer model is used, allowing the translation and comparison of the chemical-model results with observations of specific sources. Comparison with the nearby hot-core source NGC 6334 IRS1 shows excellent agreement with integrated line intensities of observed species, including methyl formate. The results for glycine are consistent with the current lack of a detection of this molecule toward other sources; the high evaporation temperature of glycine renders the emission region extremely compact. Glycine detection with ALMA is predicted to be highly plausible, for bright, nearby sources with narrow emission lines. Photodissociation of water and subsequent hydrogen-abstraction from organic molecules by OH, and NH2, are crucial to the build-up of complex organic species in the ice. The inclusion of alternative branches within the network of radical-addition reactions appears important to the abundances of hot-core molecules; less favorable branching ratios may remedy the anomalously high abundance of glycolaldehyde predicted by this and previous models.
description: 70 pages, 7 figures, 13 tables; ApJ, accepted
Notes on extremality of the Choi map
Creators: name: Ha, Kil-Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A30, 46L05

description: It is widely believed that the Choi map generates an extremal ray in the cone $\mathcal P(M_3)$ of all positive linear maps between $C^*$-algebra $M_3$ of all $n\times n$ matrices over the complex field. But the only proven fact is that the Choi map generates the extremal ray in the cone of all positive linear map preserving all real symmetric $3\times 3$ matrices. In this note, we show that the Choi map is indeed extremal in the cone $\mathcal P(M_3)$. We also clarify some misclaims about the correspondence between positive semi-definite biquadratic real forms and postive linear maps, and discuss possible positive linear maps which coincide with the Choi map on symmetric matrices.
description: 12 pages
In-silico study of the interactions between acylated glucagon like-peptide-1 analogues and the native receptor
Creators: name: Frimann, Tine Maja
name: Ko, Suk Kyu
name: Harris, Pernille
name: Bukrinski, Jens Thostrup
name: Peters, Günther H. J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: We have performed a series of multiple molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and acylated GLP-1 analogues in complex with the endogenous receptor (GLP-1R) to obtain a molecular understanding of how fatty acid (FA) chain structure, acylation position on the peptide, and presence of a linker affect the binding. MD simulations were analysed to extract heatmaps of receptor–peptide interaction patterns and to determine the free energy of binding using the molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) approach. The extracted free energies from MM-PBSA calculations are in qualitative agreement with experimentally determined potencies. Furthermore, the interaction patterns seen in the receptor–GLP-1 complex simulations resemble previously reported binding interactions validating the simulations. Analysing the receptor–GLP-1 analogue complex simulations, we found that the major differences between the systems stem from FA interactions and positioning of acylation in the peptide. Hydrophobic interactions between the FA chain and a hydrophobic patch on the extracellular domain contribute significantly to the binding affinity. Acylation on Lys26 resulted in noticeably more interactions between the FA chain and the extracellular domain hydrophobic patch than found for acylation on Lys34 and Lys38, respectively. The presence of a charged linker between the peptide and FA chain can potentially stabilise the complex by forming hydrogen bonds to arginine residues in the linker region between the extracellular domain and the transmembrane domain. A molecular understanding of the fatty acid structure and its effect on binding provides important insights into designing acylated agonists for GLP-1R. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Non-uniqueness for the Euler equations: the effect of the boundary
Creators: name: Bardos, Claude
name: Székelyhidi, László
name: Wiedemann, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q31 (76B03, 35D30, 76F40)

description: We consider rotational initial data for the two-dimensional incompressible Euler equations on an annulus. Using the convex integration framework, we show that there exist infinitely many admissible weak solutions (i.e. such with non-increasing energy) for such initial data. As a consequence, on bounded domains there exist admissible weak solutions which are not dissipative in the sense of P.-L. Lions, as opposed to the case without physical boundaries. Moreover we show that admissible solutions are dissipative provided they are Hölder continuous near the boundary of the domain.
description: 20 pages. Dedicated to the memory of Professor Mark Vishik
title: Working Papers Contested Order/ eAQUA Working Papers, Vol 11 (2013):
Creators: name: Working Papers Contested Order/ EAQUA Working Papers
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Mobilität neu gedacht? – Ein interdisziplinärer Forschungsbericht der AG „Mobilität“ des Sonderforschungsbereiches 586 „Differenz und Integration“ (2008-2012)
description: Titel
 Impressum
 Content
 2 Reflexion und Anpassung – Über die Forschungssituation in Deutschland und das wissenschaftliche Streben nach Innovation durch Interdisziplinarität...8-15
 3 Die interdisziplinäre Herausforderung. Konsens und Kompromisse in der Entwicklung eines gemeinsamen Mobilitätsbegriffs...16-34
 1 Einleitung...1-7
 4 Mobilität erfassen: Auswertung der Umfrage 2011...35-38
 4.1 Historisches Fallbeispiel: Völkerwanderungen im römischen Reich...39-41
 4.2 Gegenwartsbezogenes Fallbeispiel: Marktintegration und Mobilität im Osten des tibetischen Hochplateaus...41-50
 5 Das Plenum 2010: Handel und Mobilität im Sudan zwischen nomothetischer und idiographischer Perspektive...51-68
 6 Drei Perspektiven. Ausblick und disziplinäre Kommentare zur Interpretation der Ergebnisse...69-70
 6.1 Überlegungen zur historischen Perspektive der Mobilitätsforschung...71-84
 6.2 Anders als in den Sozialwissenschaften. Ein naturwissenschaftlicher Ansatz zur Erklärung nomadischer Mobilität...85-90
 6.3 Die Sozialwissenschaftliche Perspektive...91-96
 Literatur...97-105
 AutorInnen...106-107
 Overview of the Working Papers published in the Working Paper Series of the Research Area CONTESTED ORDER
Crantor, a short-lived horseshoe companion to Uranus
Creators: name: Marcos, C. de la Fuente
name: Marcos, R. de la Fuente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stable co-orbital motion with Uranus is vulnerable to planetary migration but temporary co-orbitals may exist today. So far only two candidates have been suggested, both moving on horseshoe orbits: 83982 Crantor (2002 GO9) and 2000 SN331. (83982) Crantor is currently classified in the group of the Centaurs by the MPC although the value of its orbital period is close to that of Uranus. Here we revisit the topic of the possible 1:1 commensurability of (83982) Crantor with Uranus and also explore its dynamical past and look into its medium-term stability and future orbital evolution. (83982) Crantor currently moves inside Uranus' co-orbital region on a complex horseshoe orbit. The motion of this object is primarily driven by the influence of the Sun and Uranus, although Saturn plays a significant role in destabilizing its orbit. The precession of the nodes of (83982) Crantor, which is accelerated by Saturn, controls its evolution and short-term stability. Although this object follows a temporary horseshoe orbit, more stable trajectories are possible and we present 2010 EU65 as a long-term horseshoe librator candidate in urgent need of follow-up observations. Available data indicate that the candidate 2000 SN331 is not a Uranus' co-orbital.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures + 2 additional figures (animations) for the on-line edition, abstract shortened, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Investigation on anti-Corona viral potential of Yarrow tea
Creators: name: Tilwani, Komal
name: Patel, Abhishek
name: Parikh, Hirak
name: Thakker, Dr Janki
name: Dave, Gayatri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) is a herbaceous plant of Greek origin noted to treat pneumonia, common cold, cough, and other respiratory disorders. The flowers and leaves are the core part used to prepare herbal tea that gains the world's recognition as medicinal tea. Coronavirus disease is spreading across the globe, and numerous approaches are lodged to treat virus-induced lung inflammation. Here, we used the network pharmacology, metabolite analysis, docking and molecular simulation and MM-PBSA analysis to comprehend the biochemical basis of the health-boosting impact of Yarrow tea. Next, we performed the microscopic and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis of yarrow-treated ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 to evaluate the virucidal activity of the Yarrow. The present study investigates the druggability, metabolites and potential interaction of the title tea with genes associated with Covid-19-induced pathogenesis. Towards this, 1022 gene hits were obtained, 30 are mutually shared. Network Pharmacology and microarray gene expression analysis find the connection of PTGS2 in relieving the virus-induced inflammation. Yarrow constituents Luteolin may inhibit or down-regulate the Cyclooxygenase II (PTGS2), a plausible mechanism underlying the Yarrow's anti-inflammatory actions. Further, the Yarrow's virucidal activity was assessed towards Transmission Electron Microscopic (TEM). The Yarrow treated SARS-nCoV-2 cell exhibits the disintegration of the virus membrane. This work provides a scientific basis for further elucidating the mechanism underlying Achillea millefolium's antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Measurement of the D meson elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_{NN}) = 2.76 TeV with ALICE
Creators: name: Caffarri, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the measurements of D0, D+, D*+ meson v_2 as well as D0 R_{AA} in different directions with respect to the estimated reaction plane in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(s_{NN)) = 2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC.
description: Quark Matter 2012 proceedings, 4 pages, 3 figures
On the Two Conjectures of the Wiener Index
Creators: name: Jin, Ya-Lei
name: Zhang, Xiao-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C12, 05C50

description: The Wiener index of a graph, which is the sum of the distances between all pairs of vertices, has been well studied. Recently, Sills and Wang in 2012 proposed two conjectures on the maximal Wiener index of trees with a given degree sequence. This note proves one of the two conjectures and disproves the other.
description: 7 pages
title: The changing face of the KGB
Creators: name: Anderson, Julie
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 1997

description: The Changing Face of the KGB examines the contemporary structure and functions of the post-Soviet Russian security and intelligence services. The nature of the relationships of the domestic and foreign intelligence services to other power structures in Russia today are examined, including an evaluation of its espionage networks within Russia, Eastern Europe, and the "near abroad." Special attention is devoted to an analysis of the Russian foreign intelligence service's recruiting methods and the cases of Russian spies Aldrich Ames, Harold Nicholson, and Earl Pitts. Finally, the thesis examines the Russian intelligence services' resumption of training terrorists, particularly those affiliated with Iran; The purpose of this thesis, then, is to provide an understanding of the post-Soviet Russian political-economic system and the extent of the Yeltsin Administration's progress in instituting democratic reforms, which have been thwarted by the continued legacy that is the KGB.
Closed-Form Path-Loss Predictor for Gaussianly Distributed Nodes
Creators: name: Abdulla, Mouhamed
name: Shayan, Yousef R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emulation of wireless nodes spatial position is a practice used by deployment engineers and network planners to analyze the characteristics of a network. In particular, nodes geolocation will directly impact factors such as connectivity, signals fidelity, and service quality. In literature, in addition to typical homogenous scattering, normal distribution is frequently used to model mobiles concentration in a cellular system. Moreover, Gaussian dropping is often considered as an effective placement method for airborne sensor deployment. Despite the practicality of this model, getting the network channel loss distribution still relies on exhaustive Monte Carlo simulation. In this paper, we argue the need for this inefficient approach and hence derived a generic and exact closed-form expression for the path-loss distribution density between a base-station and a network of nodes. Simulation was used to reaffirm the validity of the theoretical analysis using values from the new IEEE 802.20 standard.
description: Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC'10)
Quantum interference in attosecond transient absorption of laser-dressed helium atoms
Creators: name: Chen, Shaohao
name: Wu, Mengxi
name: Gaarde, Mette B.
name: Schafer, Kenneth J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the transient absorption of an isolated attosecond pulse by helium atoms subject to a delayed infrared (\ir) laser pulse. With the central frequency of the broad attosecond spectrum near the ionization threshold, the absorption spectrum is strongly modulated at the sub-\ir-cycle level. Given that the absorption spectrum results from a time-integrated measurement, we investigate the extent to which the delay-dependence of the absorption yields information about the attosecond dynamics of the atom-field energy exchange. We find two configurations in which this is possible. The first involves multi photon transitions between bound states that result in interference between different excitation pathways. The other involves the modification of the bound state absorption lines by the IR field, which we find can result in a sub-cycle time dependence only when ionization limits the duration of the strong field interaction.
Energy Aware Task Scheduling for Soft Real Time Systems using an Analytical Approach for Energy Estimation
Creators: name: Sharma, Namita
name: Sahula, Vineet
name: Ravikumar, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Embedded systems have pervaded all walks of our life. With the increasing importance of mobile embedded systems and flexible applications, considerable progress in research has been made for power management. Power constraints are increasingly becoming the critical component of the design specifications of these systems. It helps in pre-determining the suitable hardware architecture for the target application. The aim of this paper is to present a technique to estimate 'pre-run time' and 'power' of a software mapped onto a hardware system; guaranteeing the compliance of temporal constraints while generating a schedule of tasks of software. Real time systems must handle several independent macro-tasks, each represented by a task graph, which includes communications and precedence constraints. We propose a novel approach for power estimation of embedded software using the Control Data Flow Graph (CDFG) or task graph model. This methodology uses an existing Hierarchical Concurrent Flow Graph (HCFG) technique for the power analysis of the CDFGs. We have evaluated our technique for energy efficient scheduling over various task graph benchmarks. The results obtained prove the utility and efficacy of our proposed approach for power analysis of embedded software. We also present a methodology to obtain an energy optimal voltage assignment and perform scheduling by taking advantage of the relaxation in execution time of tasks.
description: 12 pages, 4 Figures, 3 Tables
Comments About the Electromagnetic Field in Heavy-Ion Collisions
Creators: name: McLerran, L.
name: Skokov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short article we discuss the properties of electromagnetic fields in heavy-ion collisions and consequences for observables. We address quantitatively the issue of the magnetic field lifetime in a collision including the electric and chiral magnetic conductivities. We show that for reasonable parameters, the magnetic field created by spectators in a collision is not modified by the presence of matter. Based on this, we draw definite conclusions on observed effects in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Раскопки городища Плиснеск
Creators: name: Кучера, Михайло
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Archaeology

description: Кучера, М. П. 1955. Раскопки городища Плиснеск. Краткие сообщения Института археологии АН УРСР, 4, с. 16–17.
Inferring the magnetic field vector in the quiet Sun. III. Disk variation of the Stokes profiles and isotropism of the magnetic field
Creators: name: Borrero, J. M.
name: Kobel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the angular distribution of the magnetic field vector in the solar internetwork employing high-quality data (noise level $σ\approx 3\times 10^{-4}$ in units of the quiet-Sun intensity) at different latitudes recorded with the Hinode/SP instrument. Instead of applying traditional inversion codes of the radiative transfer equation to retrieve the magnetic field vector at each spatial point on the solar surface and studying the resulting distribution of the magnetic field vector, we surmised a theoretical distribution function of the magnetic field vector and used it to obtain the theoretical histograms of the Stokes profiles. These histograms were then compared to the observed ones. Any mismatch between them was ascribed to the theoretical distribution of the magnetic field vector, which was subsequently modified to produce a better fit to the observed histograms. With this method we find that Stokes profiles with signals above $2\times 10^{-3}$ (in units of the continuum intensity) cannot be explained by an isotropic distribution of the magnetic field vector. We also find that the differences between the histograms of the Stokes profiles observed at different latitudes cannot be explained in terms of line-of-sight effects. However, they can be explained by a distribution of the magnetic field vector that inherently varies with latitude. We note that these results are based on a series of assumptions that, although briefly discussed in this paper, need to be considered in more detail in the future.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 14 pages, 8 color figures
Synchronization of an array of spin torque nano oscillators in periodic applied external magnetic field
Creators: name: Subash, B.
name: Chandrasekar, V. K.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering an array of spin torque transfer nano oscillators (STNOs), we have investigated the synchronization property of the system under the action of a common periodically driven applied external magnetic field by numerically analyzing the underlying system of Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert-Slonczewski (LLGS) equations for the macro-spin variables. We find the novel result that the applied external magnetic field can act as a medium to induce synchronization of periodic oscillations, both in-phase and anti-phase, even without coupling through spin current, thereby leading to the exciting possibility of enhancement of microwave power in a straightforward way.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters
title: Unusual Neuroimaging findings in a case of Epidermal Nevus Syndrome
Creators: name: Perillo, Teresa
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 36-month-old girl was diagnosed epilepsy and mental retardation, with evidence on skin inspection of an epidermal nevus on the forehead that the parents reported was already present at birth.  

description: 36 months, female
Big Pharma, little science? A bibliometric perspective on big pharma's R&D decline
Creators: name: Rafols, Ismael
name: Hopkins, Michael M.
name: Hoekman, Jarno
name: Siepel, Josh
name: O'Hare, Alice
name: Perianes-Rodriguez, Antonio
name: Nightingale, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a widespread perception that pharmaceutical R&D is facing a productivity crisis characterised by stagnation in the numbers of new drug approvals in the face of increasing R&D costs. This study explores pharmaceutical R&D dynamics by examining the publication activities of all R&D laboratories of the major European and US pharmaceutical firms during the period 1995-2009. The empirical findings present an industry in transformation.In the first place, we observe a decline of the total number of publications by large firms. Second, we show a relative increase of their external collaborations suggesting a tendency to outsource, and a diversification of the disciplinary base, in particular towards computation, health services and more clinical approaches. Also evident is a more pronounced decline in publications by both R&D laboratories located in Europe and by firms with European headquarters. Finally, while publications by Big Pharma in emerging economies sharply increase, they remain extremely low compared with those in developed countries. In summary, the trend in this transformation is one of a gradual decrease in internal research efforts and increasing reliance on external research. These empirical insights support the view that large pharmaceutical firms are increasingly becoming networks integrators rather than the prime locus of drug discovery.
Random field effects on the isotropic quantum Heisenberg model with Gaussian random magnetic field distribution
Creators: name: Akıncı, Ümit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effect of Gaussian random magnetic field distribution which is centered at zero on the phase transition properties of isotropic quantum Heisenberg model has been investigated on two (2D) and three dimensional (3D) lattices within the framework of effective field theory (EFT) for a two spin cluster (which is abbreviated as EFT-2). Beside the phase diagrams and the evolution of the magnetization versus temperature curves with the Gaussian magnetic field distribution width, critical Gaussian distribution width values, which make the critical temperature zero, have been obtained for several lattices. Moreover, it has been concluded that all critical temperatures are of the second order and reentrant behavior does not exist in the phase diagrams.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1211.0893
Gluon saturation at higher orders and improvement of kinematics
Creators: name: Beuf, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard perturbative calculations lead to pathologically large NLO corrections to low-$x_{Bj}$ evolution equations like BFKL and BK. Using a more refined treatment of kinematics in mixed-space, relevant when gluon saturation sets on, one obtains an improved version of the BK equation, resumming to all orders the most severe of those large higher order corrections.
description: 4 pages, Proceedings of the conference: Heavy Ion Collisions in the LHC Era, Quy Nhon, Vietnam, July 16-20, 2012. Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS)
PICARD SODISM, a space telescope to study the Sun from the middle ultraviolet to the near infrared
Creators: name: Meftah, M.
name: Hochedez, J. -F.
name: Irbah, A.
name: Hauchecorne, A.
name: Boumier, P.
name: Corbard, T.
name: Turck-Chièze, S.
name: Assus, P.
name: Bertran, E.
name: Bourget, P.
name: Buisson, F.
name: Chaigneau, M.
name: Damé, L.
name: Djafer, D.
name: Dufour, C.
name: Etcheto, P.
name: Ferrero, P.
name: Hersé, M.
name: Marcovici, J. -P.
name: Meissonnier, M.
name: Morand, F.
name: Poiet, G.
name: Prado, J. -Y.
name: Renaud, C.
name: Rouanet, N.
name: Rouzé, M.
name: Salabert, D.
name: Vieau, A. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Solar Diameter Imager and Surface Mapper (SODISM) on board the PICARD space mission provides wide-field images of the photosphere and chromosphere of the Sun in five narrow pass bands (centered at 215.0, 393.37, 535.7, 607.1, and 782.2 nm). PICARD is a space mission, which was successfully launched on 15 June 2010 into a Sun synchronous dawn-dusk orbit. It represents a European asset aiming at collecting solar observations that can serve to estimate some of the inputs to Earth climate models. The scientific payload consists of the SODISM imager and of two radiometers, SOVAP (SOlar VAriability PICARD) and PREMOS (PREcision MOnitor Sensor), which carry out measurements that allow estimating the Total Solar Irradiance (TSI) and the Solar Spectral Irradiance (SSI) from the middle ultraviolet to the red. The SODISM telescope monitors solar activity continuously. It thus produces images that can also feed SSI reconstruction models. Further, the objectives of SODISM encompass the probing of the interior of the Sun via helioseismic analysis of observations in intensity (on the solar disc and at the limb), and via astrometric investigations at the limb. The latter addresses especially the spectral dependence of the radial limb shape, and the temporal evolution of the solar diameter and asphericity. After a brief review of its original science objectives, this paper presents the detailed design of the SODISM instrument, its expected performance, and the scheme of its flight operations. Some observations with SODISM are presented and discussed.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures, more information at http://picard.projet.latmos.ipsl.fr/
Refining the "Paris Test" for Ireland's second Carbon Budgeting programme
Creators: name: Price, Paul R
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Carbon budget
Paris Agreement
Ireland
Climate action
National mitigation

description: A "Paris Test" is a test of a fair national share of global climate action that is set out by a Party to the Paris Agreement that attempts to set a reasoned basis for what is necessary to align its climate action with meeting the Paris temperature goal equitably. The need for such a test is implied within the bottom-up architecture of the agreement, in order for a Party to show a reasoned quantified basis (including explicit value judgements) to assert its climate action is aligned with the Paris Agreement temperature goal and implementation on the basis of equity. In this research, the ground-breaking "Paris Test" in the 2021 Climate Change Advisory Council 2021 Carbon Budget Technical Report is clarified and refined toward Ireland's second carbon budgeting cycle to be completed by 2024. Qualitative and quantitative issues are identified and recommendations are made for the second carbon budgeting programme advice to be delivered by the end of 2024. This is a pdf version of the slides presented by Paul R Price to the Climate Change Advisory Council's Carbon Budgets Modelling Workshop, 18 October 2022. A video version of the presentation is at the following link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wiQQQprSrCE This Carbon Budgeting Fellowship research at Dublin City University is funded by the Climate Change Advisory Council (Ireland). The Dublin City University fellowship supervisors for this research are Prof. Barry McMullin and Dr. Aideen O’Dochartaigh
description: This Carbon Budgeting Fellowship research at Dublin City University is funded by the Climate Change Advisory Council (Ireland). The Dublin City University fellowship supervisors for this research are Prof. Barry McMullin and Dr. Aideen O'Dochartaigh
Deriving Ultralight Dark Matter Limits with a Prototype Array of Mechanical Accelerometers
Creators: name: Hickin, Abigail Rae
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Particle and high energy physics not elsewhere classified

description: Motivated by the future prospects of the Windchime project, we show that even a small prototype array of 7 commercial accelerometers can be used to calculate dark matter limits for the well-known B − L coupled dark photon. As a member of the ultralight sector, the dark photon would be observed in high occupancy as a persistent plane wave characterized by de Broglie wavelength and coupling to the standard model via a hypothesized baryon minus lepton quantum number, g_B−L. Such an interaction can be probed by measuring the differential force or acceleration between two bodies of differing B −L charge-to-mass ratios. This is accomplished for a 7 sensor array of MEMS accelerometers by rigidly coupling all the sensors to a material of known B − L charge. Using a log-likelihood ratio test and Fourier transformed data from the prototype array, we are able to set a limit on g_B−L ∼ 10^−11 within a mass range of 10^{−13}−10^{−12}eV . Setting these noncompetitive limits with real data serves as a proof-of-principle demonstration of the limit-setting procedure used in Windchime future projections for B − L coupled ultralight dark matter. Additionally, this basic setup could be used for future studies on the properties of a detector array.
Finite temperature effects on anisotropic pressure and equation of state of dense neutron matter in an ultrastrong magnetic field
Creators: name: Isayev, A. A.
name: Yang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin polarized states in dense neutron matter with recently developed Skyrme effective interaction (BSk20 parametrization) are considered in the magnetic fields $H$ up to $10^{20}$ G at finite temperature. In a strong magnetic field, the total pressure in neutron matter is anisotropic, and the difference between the pressures parallel and perpendicular to the field direction becomes significant at $H>H_{th}\sim10^{18}$ G. The longitudinal pressure decreases with the magnetic field and vanishes in the critical field $10^{18}
description: 13 pages, 13 figures; an extension of arXiv:1112.5420 to finite temperatures. V2: added acknowledgement
title: Cerebral Proliferative Angiopathy:A rare entity
Creators: name: Sá Silva, José
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: 29-year-old woman, with unremarkable previous medical history, presented with a history of right unilateral hemicranial headaches evolving over the course of 2 years with increasing frequency, intensity, and duration, eventually becoming almost continuous and disabling, and not responding to medication.

description: 29 years, female
A new radio recombination line maser object toward the MonR2 HII region
Creators: name: Jimenez-Serra, I.
name: Baez-Rubio, A.
name: Rivilla, V. M.
name: Martin-Pintado, J.
name: Zhang, Q.
name: Dierickx, M.
name: Patel, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a new radio recombination line (RRL) maser object toward the IRS2 source in the MonR2 ultracompact HII region. The continuum emission at 1.3mm and 0.85mm and the H30a and H26a lines were observed with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at angular resolutions of about 0.5"-3". The SMA observations show that the MonR2-IRS2 source is very compact and remains unresolved at spatial scales <=400AU. Its continuum power spectrum at millimeter wavelengths is almost flat (alpha=-0.16, with S_nu proportional to nu^alpha), indicating that this source is dominated by optically thin free-free emission. The H30a and H26a RRL emission is also compact and peaks toward the position of the MonR2-IRS2 source. The measured RRL profiles are double-peaked with the H26a line showing a clear asymmetry in its spectrum. Since the derived line-to-continuum flux ratios (80 and 180kms-1 for H30a and H26a, respectively) exceed the LTE predictions, the RRLs toward MonR2-IRS2 are affected by maser amplification. The amplification factors are however smaller than those found toward the emission line star MWC349A, indicating that MonR2-IRS2 is a weakly amplified maser. Radiative transfer modelling of the RRL emission toward this source shows that the RRL masers arise from a dense and collimated jet embedded in a cylindrical ionized wind, oriented nearly along the direction of the line-of-sight. High-angular resolution observations at sub-millimeter wavelengths are needed to unveil weakly amplified RRL masers in very young massive stars.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Epidemiologically optimal static networks from temporal network data
Creators: name: Holme, Petter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Network epidemiology's most important assumption is that the contact structure over which infectious diseases propagate can be represented as a static network. However, contacts are highly dynamic, changing at many time scales. In this paper, we investigate conceptually simple methods to construct static graphs for network epidemiology from temporal contact data. We evaluate these methods on empirical and synthetic model data. For almost all our cases, the network representation that captures most relevant information is a so-called exponential-threshold network. In these, each contact contributes with a weight decreasing exponentially with time, and there is an edge between a pair of vertices if the weight between them exceeds a threshold. Networks of aggregated contacts over an optimally chosen time window perform almost as good as the exponential-threshold networks. On the other hand, networks of accumulated contacts over the entire sampling time, and networks of concurrent partnerships, perform worse. We discuss these observations in the context of the temporal and topological structure of the data sets.
Cavity Optomechanics
Creators: name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
name: Kippenberg, Tobias J.
name: Marquardt, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the field of cavity optomechanics, which explores the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and nano- or micromechanical motion. This review covers the basics of optical cavities and mechanical resonators, their mutual optomechanical interaction mediated by the radiation pressure force, the large variety of experimental systems which exhibit this interaction, optical measurements of mechanical motion, dynamical backaction amplification and cooling, nonlinear dynamics, multimode optomechanics, and proposals for future cavity quantum optomechanics experiments. In addition, we describe the perspectives for fundamental quantum physics and for possible applications of optomechanical devices.
description: 65 pages, 45 figures, 438 references. We appreciate feedback and comments. Please send those to: optomechanicsrmp@gmail.com. Some overview figures can be found on http://www.cqom-itn.net/downloads/
Supplementary figures and tables from Ageing of juvenile coral grouper (Plectropomus maculatus) reveals year-round spawning and recruitment: implications for seasonal closures
Creators: name: Harrison, H. B.
name: Drane, L.
name: Berumen, M.L.
name: Cresswell, B. J.
name: Evans, R. D.
name: Galbraith, G. F.
name: Srinivasan, M.
name: Taylor, B. M.
name: Williamson, D. H.
name: Jones, G. P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Fig S1-S6; Table S1-S5
Model of haplotype and phenotype in the evolution of a duplicated autoregulatory activator
Creators: name: Dasmahapatra, Srinandan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gene duplication is believed to play a major role in the evolution of genomic complexity. The presence of a duplicate removes the constraint of natural selection upon the gene, leading to its likely loss of function or, occasionally, the gain of a novel one. Alternately, a pleiotropic gene might partition its functions among its duplicates, thus preserving both copies. Duplicate genes is not a novelty for diploid genotypes, but only for haplotypes. In this paper, we study the consequences of regulatory interactions in diploid genotypes and explore how the context of allelic interactions gives rise to dynamical phenotypes that enable duplicate genes to spread in a population. The regulatory network we study is that of a single autoregulatory activator gene, and the two copies of the gene diverge either as alleles in a diploid species or as duplicates in haploids. These differences are in their transcriptional ability -- either via alterations to its activating domain, or to its cis-regulatory binding repertoire. When cis-regulatory changes are introduced that partition multiple regulatory triggers among the duplicates, it is shown that mutually exclusive expression states of the duplicates that emerge are accompanied by a back-up facility: when a highly expressed gene is deleted, the previously unexpressed duplicate copy compensates for it. The diploid version of the regulatory network model can account for allele-specific expression variants, and a model of inheritance of the haplotype network enables us to trace the evolutionary consequence of heterozygous phenotypes. This is modelled for the variations in the activating domain of one copy, whereby stable as well as transiently bursting oscillations ensue in single cells. The evolutionary model shows that these phenotypic states accessible to a diploid, heterozygous genotype enable the spread of a duplicated haplotype.
description: 52 pages, including 11 figures
Numerical Optical Centroid Measurements
Creators: name: Gulfam, Qurrat-ul-Ain
name: Evers, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical imaging methods are typically restricted to a resolution of order of the probing light wavelength $λ_p$ by the Rayleigh diffraction limit. This limit can be circumvented by making use of multiphoton detection of correlated $N$-photon states, having an effective wavelength $λ_p/N$. But the required $N$-photon detection usually renders these schemes impractical. To overcome this limitation, recently, so-called optical centroid measurements (OCM) have been proposed which replace the multi-photon detectors by an array of single-photon detectors. Complementary to the existing approximate analytical results, we explore the approach using numerical experiments by sampling and analyzing detection events from the initial state wave function. This allows us to quantitatively study the approach also beyond the constraints set by the approximate analytical treatment, to compare different detection strategies, and to analyze other classes of input states.
description: 15 pages, 18 figures