cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
What if negative emission technologies fail at scale? Implications of the Paris Agreement for big emitting nations
Creators: name: Larkin, Alice
name: Jaise Kuriakose
name: Sharmina, Maria
name: Anderson, Kevin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: A cumulative emissions approach is increasingly used to inform mitigation policy. However, there are different interpretations of what ‘2°C’ implies. Here it is argued that cost-optimization models, commonly used to inform policy, typically underplay the urgency of 2°C mitigation. The alignment within many scenarios of optimistic assumptions on negative emissions technologies (NETs), with implausibly early peak emission dates and incremental short-term mitigation, delivers outcomes commensurate with 2°C commitments. In contrast, considering equity and socio-technical barriers to change, suggests a more challenging short-term agenda. To understand these different interpretations, short-term CO2 trends of the largest CO2 emitters, are assessed in relation to a constrained CO2 budget, coupled with a ‘what if’ assumption that negative emissions technologies fail at scale. The outcomes raise profound questions around high-level framings of mitigation policy. The article concludes that applying even weak equity criteria, challenges the feasibility of maintaining a 50% chance of avoiding 2°C without urgent mitigation efforts in the short-term. This highlights a need for greater engagement with: (1) the equity dimension of the Paris Agreement, (2) the sensitivity of constrained carbon budgets to short-term trends and (3) the climate risks for society posed by an almost ubiquitous inclusion of NETs within 2°C scenarios. POLICY RELEVANCE Since the Paris meeting, there is increased awareness that most policy ‘solutions’ commensurate with 2°C include widespread deployment of negative emissions technologies (NETs). Yet much less is understood about that option’s feasibility, compared with near-term efforts to curb energy demand. Moreover, the many different ways in which key information is synthesized for policy makers, clouds the ability of policy makers to make informed decisions. This article presents an alternative approach to consider what the Paris Agreement implies, if NETs are unable to deliver more carbon sinks than sources. It illustrates the scale of the climate challenge for policy makers, particularly if the Agreement’s aim to address ‘equity’ is accounted for. Here it is argued that much more attention needs to be paid to what CO2 reductions can be achieved in the short-term, rather than taking a risk that could render the Paris Agreement’s policy goals unachievable.
Additional file 1 of Quantitative proteomic analysis of aberrant expressed lysine acetylation in gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Creators: name: Wang, Bo
name: Zhao, Long
name: Gao, Zhidong
name: Luo, Jianyuan
name: Zhang, Haoran
name: Gan, Lin
name: Jiang, Kewei
name: Wang, Shan
name: Ye, Yingjiang
name: Shen, Zhanlong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Western blotting with pan anti-succinyllysine, anti-crotonyllysine, anti-2-hydroxyisobutyryllysine, and anti-malonyllysine antibodies in 9 GIST tissue samples. Figure S2. Quality control validation of MS data. The distribution of peptide lengths identified by mass spectrometry met quality control requirements. Figure S3. Differentially expressed acetylated proteins were annotated based on (A) the protein domain database and (B) the KEGG pathway database.
Optical frequency tweezers
Creators: name: Ikuta, Rikizo
name: Yokota, Masayo
name: Kobayashi, Toshiki
name: Imoto, Nobuyuki
name: Yamamoto, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show a concept of optical frequency tweezers for tweezing light in the optical frequency domain with a high resolution, which is the frequency version of the optical tweezers for spatial manipulation of microscopic objects. We report the proof-of-principle experiment via frequency conversion inside a cavity only for the converted light. Thanks to the atypical configuration, the experimental result successfully achieves the tweezing operation in the frequency domain, which picks a light at a target frequency from the frequency-multiplexed input light and converts to a different frequency, without touching any other light sitting in different frequency positions and shaking frequency by the pump light.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Schulbezogene Motivierungspraktiken von Eltern. Verbale Wert- und Kontrollzuschreibungen gegenüber Kindern beim Übertritt in die Sekundarstufe I
Creators: name: Steiner, Erich
Publisher: name: Springer VS
Year: 2021
Subjects: Eltern
Motivierung
schulbezogene Unterstützung
Übertritt

description: Das vorliegende Open-Access-Buch untersucht die sprachlichen Motivierungspraktiken von Eltern und zeigt Handlungsoptionen auf, wie diese verbessert werden könnten. Eltern üben mit ihren Einstellungen, Aspirationen und Leistungserwartungen einen großen Einfluss auf die schulbezogenen Wertorientierungen und leistungsbezogenen Selbstbilder ihrer Kinder aus. Aber wie gehen Eltern konkret vor, wenn sie ihre Kinder in häuslichen Gesprächen für Schule und Unterricht zu motivieren suchen – namentlich, wenn die Grundschulempfehlung nicht ihren Aspirationen zu entsprechen droht?
Non-Markovian Stochastic Schrödinger Equation: Matrix Product State Approach to the Hierarchy of Pure States
Creators: name: Gao, Xing
name: Ren, Jiajun
name: Eisfeld, Alexander
name: Shuai, Zhigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a stochastic hierarchy of matrix product states (HOMPS) for non-Markovian dynamics in open quantum system at finite temperature, which is numerically exact and efficient. HOMPS is obtained from the recently developed stochastic hierarchy of pure states (HOPS) by expressing HOPS in terms of formal creation and annihilation operators. The resulting stochastic first order differential equation is then formulated in terms of matrix product states and matrix product operators. In this way the exponential complexity of HOPS can be reduced to scale polynomial with the number of particles. The validity and efficiency of HOMPS is demonstrated for the spin-boson model and long chains where each site is coupled to a structured, strongly non-Markovian environment.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Estimating initial conditions for dynamical systems with incomplete information
Creators: name: Kolic, Blas
name: Sabuco, Juan
name: Farmer, J. Doyne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37N40, 65K10, 62F10

description: In this paper we study the problem of inferring the initial conditions of a dynamical system under incomplete information. Studying several model systems, we infer the latent microstates that best reproduce an observed time series when the observations are sparse,noisy and aggregated under a (possibly) nonlinear observation operator. This is done by minimizing the least-squares distance between the observed time series and a model-simulated time series using gradient-based methods. We validate this method for the Lorenz and Mackey-Glass systems by making out-of-sample predictions. Finally, we analyze the predicting power of our method as a function of the number of observations available. We find a critical transition for the Mackey-Glass system, beyond which it can be initialized with arbitrary precision.
description: 11 main text pages + 8 appendix pages. 13 figures. Nonlinear Dyn (2022)
Statistical analysis of overlapping double ion energy dispersion events in the northern cusp
Creators: name: Da Silva, Daniel
name: Chen, L. J.
name: Fuselier, S. A.
name: Petrinec, S. M.
name: Trattner, K. J.
name: Cucho-Padin, G.
name: Connor, H. K.
name: Burkholder, Brandon
name: Huntenburg, A. J.
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2024
Subjects: multiple reconnection
Ion dispersion
double dispersion
DMSP
cusp
magnetic reconnection

description: This article presents a statistical analysis of overlapping double ion-energy dispersion events in the northern cusp (“double dispersion”). Double dispersion in either cusp is a phenomenon associated with multiple reconnections occurring on the dayside magnetosphere as a result of its constant interaction with the variable solar wind. Using observations from a low Earth orbiting (LEO) Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellite, we analyze 138 dayside events selected by the automatic algorithm extended from our previous work. We conducted a correlation study between the number of detected double dispersion events and 1) the month of the year to analyze the seasonal response of the cusp, and 2) solar wind interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) components and clock/cone angles to investigate its relationship with magnetic reconnection. We found that dispersion events occur more frequently during the northern summer months (i.e., when the dipole is tilted Sunward) and when the By component of IMF is positive. In addition, we provide a machine-readable list of the events and the code used to automatically detect the events.
Supplementary Material for: Development of Auditory Evoked Responses in Normally Developing Preschool Children and Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Stephen, J.M.
name: Hill, D.E.
name: Peters, A.
name: Flynn, L.
name: Zhang, T.
name: Okada, Y.
Publisher: name: Karger Publishers
Year: 2017
Subjects: Medicine

description: The cortical responses to auditory stimuli undergo rapid and dramatic changes during the first 3 years of life in normally developing (ND) children, with decreases in latency and changes in amplitude in the primary peaks. However, most previous studies have focused on children >3 years of age. The analysis of data from the early stages of development is challenging because the temporal pattern of the evoked responses changes with age (e.g., additional peaks emerge with increasing age) and peak latency decreases with age. This study used the topography of the auditory evoked magnetic field (AEF) to identify the auditory components in ND children between 6 and 68 months (n = 48). The latencies of the peaks in the AEF produced by a tone burst (ISI 2 ± 0.2 s) during sleep decreased with age, consistent with previous reports in awake children. The peak latencies of the AEFs in ND children and children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) were compared. Previous studies indicate that the latencies of the initial components of the auditory evoked potential (AEP) and the AEF are delayed in children with ASD when compared to age-matched ND children >4 years of age. We speculated whether the AEF latencies decrease with age in children diagnosed with ASD as in ND children, but with uniformly longer latencies before the age of about 4 years. Contrary to this hypothesis, the peak latencies did not decrease with age in the ASD group (24-62 months, n = 16) during sleep (unlike in the age-matched controls), although the mean latencies were longer in the ASD group as in previous studies. These results are consistent with previous studies indicating delays in auditory latencies, and they indicate a different maturational pattern in ASD children and ND children. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm whether the AEF latencies diverge with age, starting at around 3 years, in these 2 groups of children.
Steuerung und Regelung einer neuartigen Fäkalienverwertungsanlage
Creators: name: Germann, Silvano
name: Binggeli, Daniel
name: Elber, Sebastian
name: Bäni, Lorenz
Publisher: name: Hochschule für Technik FHNW
Year: 2017
Subjects: Fäkalienverwertung
Reinvent the toilet challenge
Regelungstechnik

description: Im Rahmen der „Reinvent the toilet challenge“ durch die Bill & Melinda Gates Stiftung werden Projekte gefördert, welche vollkommen neuartige Toiletten entwickeln. Diese Toiletten funktionieren eigenständig, das heisst ohne Anschluss an das Elektrizitätsnetz, Wasser- und Abwasserleitungen. Das Institut für Automation konnte bei der Realisierung eines Prototyps des Instituts für Biomasse und Ressourceneffizienz für die Fäkalienaufbereitung die Steuerungstechnik entwickeln.
Gewinnbringende Zusammenarbeit. Forschung und Praxis auf Augenhöhe, integriert in Weiterbildung
Creators: name: Beywl, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: ZIEL
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Zusammenarbeit
subject: Forschung und Praxis
subject: Weiterbildung
subject: Wissenschaft und Bildung
subject: Integration in Weiterbildung
subject: Transdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit
subject: Instrumentell-inklusive Forschung
subject: Gewinnbringende Zusammenarbeit
subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Empirische Untersuchungen und forschungsbasierte Wissensbestände für den Bildungsbereich sind in den letzten Jahrzehnten stark angewachsen. Deren Unternutzung durch die pädagogische Praxis wird vielfach beklagt. Der Beitrag identifiziert als Möglichkeit, dieses Problem adäquat anzugehen, durch transdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit im Ansatz instrumentell-inklusiver Forschung als Gewinnmöglichkeit für beide Seiten. Abschließend wird skizziert, wie die Realisierungschancen dieses Forschungstypus durch Integration in Weiterbildung erhöht werden können.
Eine empirische Untersuchung zur Verbesserung der Lage an den Entsorgungsstellen der Stadt Bern
Creators: name: Beretta, Anna
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2020

description: Jährlich entstehen der Stadt Bern Mehrkosten wegen falscher Entsorgung und Littering an den Entsorgungsstellen. Das Ziel dieser Bachelorarbeit ist, die Gründe dafür darzulegen. Als Fundament für die Erhebung dient eine Literaturrecherche, durch die der aktuelle Stand zum Thema Recycling aufgezeigt werden soll. Um die Fragestellung zu beantworten, werden anschliessend eine Beobachtung und eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse durchgeführt. Die Beobachtung und das Modell der Verhaltensabsicht nach Ramayah et al. (2012) dient als Grundlage zur Erstellung des Leitfadens. Abschliessend werden drei Handlungsempfehlungen des Nudging nach Thaler, Sunstein und Balz (2013) abgeleitet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Hauptquelle für das fehlerhafte Verhalten fehlendes Wissen im Trenn- und Entsorgungsprozess, über die Auswirkungen von falschem Entsorgen und über die allgemeinen Effekte von Recycling ist.
Identification of miR-199a-5p, miR-214-3p and miR-99b-5p as fibrosis-specific extracellular biomarkers and promoters of HSC activation
Creators: name: Suter-Dick, Laura
name: Messner, Catherine
name: Özkul, Dilek
name: Gaiser, Carine
name: Schmidt, Saskia
name: Terraciano, Luigi
name: Krähenbühl, Stephan
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: 3D in vitro model
Liver fibrosis
MicroRNA
Biomarkers
Drug-induced liver injury

description: Liver fibrosis is characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) resulting in the formation of fibrous scars. In the clinic, liver biopsies are the standard diagnostic method despite the potential for clinical complications. miRNAs are single-stranded, non-coding RNAs that can be detected in tissues, body fluids and cultured cells. The regulation of many miRNAs has been linked to tissue damage, including liver fibrosis in patients, resulting in aberrant miRNA expression/release. Experimental evidence also suggests that miRNAs are regulated in a similar manner in vitro and could thus serve as translational in vitro–in vivo biomarkers. In this work, we set out to identify and characterize biomarkers for liver fibrosis that could be used in vitro and clinically for research and diagnostic purposes. We focused on miRNAs released from hepatic 3D cultures exposed to methotrexate (MTX), which causes fibrosis, and acetaminophen (APAP), an acute hepatotoxicant with no clinically relevant association to liver fibrosis. Using a 3D in vitro model, we corroborated compound-specific responses as we show MTX induced a fibrotic response, and APAP did not. Performing miRNA-seq of cell culture supernatants, we identified potential miRNA biomarkers (miR-199a-5p, miR-214-3p, niRNA-125a-5p and miR-99b-5p) that were associated with a fibrotic phenotype and not with hepatocellular damage alone. Moreover, transfection of HSC with miR-199a-5p led to decreased expression of caveolin-1 and increased α-SMA expression, suggesting its role in HSC activation. In conclusion, we propose that extracellular miR-214-3p, miR-99b-5p, miR-125a-5p and specifically miR-199a-5p could contribute towards a panel of miRNAs for identifying liver fibrosis and that miR-199a-5p, miR-214-3p and miR-99b-5p are promoters of HSC activation.
RSI-Net: Two-Stream Deep Neural Network for Remote Sensing Imagesbased Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: He, Shuang
name: Lu, Xia
name: Gu, Jason
name: Tang, Haitong
name: Yu, Qin
name: Liu, Kaiyue
name: Ding, Haozhou
name: Chang, Chunqi
name: Wang, Nizhuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For semantic segmentation of remote sensing images (RSI), trade-off between representation power and location accuracy is quite important. How to get the trade-off effectively is an open question,where current approaches of utilizing very deep models result in complex models with large memory consumption. In contrast to previous work that utilizes dilated convolutions or deep models, we propose a novel two-stream deep neural network for semantic segmentation of RSI (RSI-Net) to obtain improved performance through modeling and propagating spatial contextual structure effectively and a decoding scheme with image-level and graph-level combination. The first component explicitly models correlations between adjacent land covers and conduct flexible convolution on arbitrarily irregular image regions by using graph convolutional network, while densely connected atrous convolution network (DenseAtrousCNet) with multi-scale atrous convolution can expand the receptive fields and obtain image global information. Extensive experiments are implemented on the Vaihingen, Potsdam and Gaofen RSI datasets, where the comparison results demonstrate the superior performance of RSI-Net in terms of overall accuracy (91.83%, 93.31% and 93.67% on three datasets, respectively), F1 score (90.3%, 91.49% and 89.35% on three datasets, respectively) and kappa coefficient (89.46%, 90.46% and 90.37% on three datasets, respectively) when compared with six state-of-the-art RSI semantic segmentation methods.
description: 14pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
Learning the noise fingerprint of quantum devices
Creators: name: Martina, Stefano
name: Buffoni, Lorenzo
name: Gherardini, Stefano
name: Caruso, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.2; I.2.1
subject: 81-04, 81-08, 81-05, 81-11

description: Noise sources unavoidably affect any quantum technological device. Noise's main features are expected to strictly depend on the physical platform on which the quantum device is realized, in the form of a distinguishable fingerprint. Noise sources are also expected to evolve and change over time. Here, we first identify and then characterize experimentally the noise fingerprint of IBM cloud-available quantum computers, by resorting to machine learning techniques designed to classify noise distributions using time-ordered sequences of measured outcome probabilities.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables, research article
Structural analysis, spectroscopic characterization and molecular docking studies of the cyclic heptapeptide
Creators: name: Celik, Sefa
name: Serda Kecel-Gunduz
name: Akyuz, Sevim
name: Aysen E. Ozel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: The theoretically possible stable conformer of the cyclic heptapeptide, that has significant anti-metastatic activity, was examined by conformational analysis followed by DFT calculations. Experimental infrared and Raman spectroscopy, together with theoretical DFT (6-31G (d,p) basis set)-based quantum chemical calculations, have been used to understand the structural and spectral characteristics of cyclo(Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Ala) {cyclo(GRGDSPA)}. A complete analysis of the vibrational spectrum has been reported on the basis of potential energy distribution (PED%) data of the vibrational modes. Finally, the calculation results were applied to simulate infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound. The simulated spectra satisfactorily coincide with the experimental spectra. In addition, molecular electrostatic potential and frontier molecular orbital analysis were investigated using theoretical calculations. The stability of the molecule, arising from hyperconjugative interaction and charge delocalization, has been analyzed using natural bond orbital analysis and a high E(2) value reveals the presence of strong interaction between donors and acceptors. Molecular docking studies with fibronectin were performed on cyclo(GRGDSPA) in order to understand its inhibitory nature. The results indicate that the docked ligand {cyclo(GRGDSPA)} forms a stable complex with human fibronectin and gives a binding affinity value of −7.7 kcal/mol, which points out that cyclo(GRGDSPA) might exhibit inhibitory activity against the attachment of melanoma cells to human fibronectin.
Cosmological Implications of Axion-Matter Couplings
Creators: name: Green, Daniel
name: Guo, Yi
name: Wallisch, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axions and other light particles appear ubiquitously in physics beyond the Standard Model, with a variety of possible couplings to ordinary matter. Cosmology offers a unique probe of these particles as they can thermalize in the hot environment of the early universe for any such coupling. For sub-MeV particles, their entropy must leave a measurable cosmological signal, usually via the effective number of relativistic particles, $N_\mathrm{eff}$. In this paper, we will revisit the cosmological constraints on the couplings of axions and other pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons to Standard Model fermions from thermalization below the electroweak scale, where these couplings are marginal and give contributions to the radiation density of $ΔN_\mathrm{eff} > 0.027$. We update the calculation of the production rates to eliminate unnecessary approximations and find that the cosmological bounds on these interactions are complementary to astrophysical constraints, e.g. from supernova SN 1987A. We additionally provide quantitative explanations for these bounds and their relationship.
description: 40 pages, 11 figures; v2: minor changes, matches published version
Beyond the state. Developments and trends in critical social work in Switzerland and Hungary
Creators: name: Temesvary, Zsolt
name: Drilling, Matthias
Publisher: name: SAGE
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Comparative study
subject: Hungary
subject: nongovernmental organisations
subject: social policy
subject: social work
subject: Switzerland
subject: 360 - Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste, Versicherungen

description: This article examines the developments and current trends in the practice of critical social work in Hungary and Switzerland based on the international literature on critical social work, as well as Hungarian and Swiss publications that are less known to the international scientific community. The study concludes that contemporary Swiss and Hungarian critical social work is in close relationship with civil society and is particularly effective in intervening where state-run social services are less efficient. This includes the areas of migration aid and homeless care in both countries, and the support of the Roma people in Hungary.
Playing with fire: effects of negative mood induction and working memory on vocabulary acquisition
Creators: name: Miller, Zachary F.
name: Fox, Jessica K.
name: Moser, Jason S.
name: Godfroid, Aline
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: We investigated the impact of emotions on learning vocabulary in an unfamiliar language to better understand affective influences in foreign language acquisition. Seventy native English speakers learned new vocabulary in either a negative or a neutral emotional state. Participants also completed two sets of working memory tasks to examine the potential mediating role of working memory. Results revealed that participants exposed to negative stimuli exhibited difficulty in retrieving and correctly pairing English words with Indonesian words, as reflected in a lower performance on the prompted recall tests and the free recall measure. Emotional induction did not change working memory scores from pre to post manipulation. This suggests working memory could not explain the reduced vocabulary learning in the negative group. We argue that negative mood can adversely affect language learning by suppressing aspects of native-language processing and impeding form-meaning mapping with second language words.
Dirac series for complex $E_7$
Creators: name: Dong, Chao-Ping
name: Wong, Kayue Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper classifies the Dirac series for complex $E_7$. As applications, we verify a few conjectures raised in 2011, 2019 and 2020 for this exceptional Lie group. In particular, according to Conjecture 1.1 of Barbasch and Pandzic [BP], our classification should be helpful for understanding the unitary dual of complex $E_7$.
description: 21 pages, accepted for publication in Forum Mathematicum
Higgs and Goldstone spin-wave modes in striped magnetic texture
Creators: name: Grassi, Matías
name: Geilen, Moritz
name: Oukaci, Kosseila Ait
name: Henry, Yves
name: Lacour, Daniel
name: Stoeffer, Daniel
name: Hehn, Michel
name: Pirro, Philipp
name: Bailleul, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous symmetry breaking is ubiquitous in physics. Its spectroscopic signature consists in the softening of a specific mode upon approaching the transition from the high symmetry side and its subsequent splitting into a zero-frequency "Goldstone" mode and a non-zero-frequency "Higgs" mode. Although they determine the whole system dynamics, these features are difficult to address in practice because of their vanishing coupling to most experimental probes and/or their strong interaction with other fluctuations. In this work, we consider a periodic magnetic modulation occurring in a ferromagnetic film with perpendicular-to-plane magnetic anisotropy and directly observe its Goldstone and Higgs spin-wave modes at room temperature using microwave and optical techniques. This simple system constitutes a particularly convenient platform for further exploring the dynamics of symmetry breaking.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, it includes Supplementary information
How the magnetic field behaves during the motion of a highly conducting fluid under its own gravity--A new theoretical, relativistic approach
Creators: name: Mavrogiannis, Panagiotis
name: Tsagas, Christos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the context of general relativity we study in a fully covariant way the so-called Euler-Maxwell system of equations. In particular, on decomposing the aforementioned system into its 1 temporal and 1 + 2 spatial components at the ideal magnetohydrodynamic limit, we bring it in a simplified form that favors physical insight to the problem of a self-gravitating, magnetized fluid. Of central interest is the decomposition of Faraday's equation which leads to a new general solution governing the evolution of the magnetic field during the motion of the highly conducting fluid. According to the latter relation, the magnetic field generally grows or decays in proportion to the inverse cube law of the scale factor--associated with the continuous contraction or expansion of the fluid's volume respectively. The magnetic field's law of variation, which has remarkable implications for the motion of the whole fluid, is subsequently applied to homogeneous (anisotropic-magnetized) cosmological models--especially to the Bianchi I case--as well as to the study of homogeneous and anisotropic gravitational collapse in a magnetized environment. Concerning the cosmological application, we derive the evolution equations of Bianchi I spacetime permeated by large-scale magnetic fields (these equations reduce to their FRW counterparts at the small/large--scale limit). Also, the compatibility of the new evolution formula for the magnetic field with the standard cosmic nucleosynthesis constraint is examined. As for the application in astrophysics, our results predict that homogeneous gravitational implosion is impeded when the electric Weyl tensor (associated with tidal forces) along the magnetic forcelines overwhelms the magnetic energy density. Lastly, our model denotes that the satisfaction of the aforementioned criterion is ultimately driven into a problem of initial conditions.
description: 34 pages, minor comments added
"With the Richness of Their Resources”: Honors Alumni Reflect on the Impact of a Service-Learning and Mentoring Program
Creators: name: Reddick, Richard J.
name: Pritchett, Katie Ortego
Publisher: name: Texas Education Review
Year: 2020
Subjects: service-learning
mentoring
charter school
civic engagement

description: Scholars have encouraged universities to more effectively engage with surrounding communities. One example of community engagement is the service-learning partnership between the Plan II Honors Program and the Knowledge is Power Program (KIPP) public charter school in Austin, through which college students enroll in a class to mentor local middle school students. In this article, we examine qualitative survey responses from Plan II alumni over a seven-year period reflecting on their experiences. Alumni described the service-learning experience as influencing their academic careers, postgraduate plans, and personal views. Findings imply that structured service-learning experiences can significantly influence the behaviors and life decisions of alumni both at the time of their experience and well beyond.
A generalized Gumbel distribution and its parameter estimation
Creators: name: Demirhan, Haydar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: In this article, main characteristics of a generalized Gumbel (GG) distribution are derived. Parameter estimation with method of moments, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian approaches are demonstrated. Due to the ranges of its skewness and kurtosis, it is satisfactory for fitting a wide variety of datasets. Also, it can be used to model block maxima or minima data due to its close connection with the standard Gumbel distribution. It is demonstrated that the GG distribution fits more accurately than both of the standard Gumbel and generalized extreme value distributions to block maxima data under specific conditions.
The Ultramassive White Dwarfs of the Alpha Persei Cluster
Creators: name: Miller, David R.
name: Caiazzo, Ilaria
name: Heyl, Jeremy
name: Richer, Harvey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We searched through the entire Gaia EDR3 candidate white dwarf catalogue for stars with proper motions and positions that are consistent with the stars having escaped from the Alpha Persei cluster within the past 81~Myr, the age of the cluster. In this search we found five candidate white dwarf escapees from Alpha Persei and obtained spectra for all five. We confirm that three are massive white dwarfs sufficiently young to have originated in the cluster. All three are more massive than any white dwarf previously associated with a cluster using Gaia astrometry, and possess some of the most massive progenitors. In particular, the white dwarf Gaia~EDR3~4395978097863572, which lies within 25~pc of the cluster centre, has a mass of about 1.20 solar masses and evolved from an 8.5 solar-mass star, pushing the upper limit for white dwarf formation from a single massive star, while still leaving a substantial gap between the resulting white dwarf mass and the Chandrasekhar mass.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Minor changes in this version
Stress, Coping, & Sleep
Creators: name: Bei, Bei
name: Shen, Lin
name: Wiley, Joshua F.
name: Slavish, Danica
name: Rice-Lacy, Rebecca
name: Yap, Yi Yang
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2017

description: Subproject focused on bidirectional relations of daily stress and sleep, and the moderating role of coping. Lead: Yi Yang Yap.
From Particles to Fluids: Dimensionality Reduction for Non Maxwellian Plasma Velocity Distributions Validated in the Fluid Context
Creators: name: Da Silva, Daniel
name: Bard, Christopher
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2022

description: Machine Learning and the Physical Sciences workshop, NeurIPS 2022.
description: Gases and plasmas can be modeled in both a statistical sense (as a collection of discrete particles) and a continuum sense (as a continuous distribution). A collection of discrete particles is often modeled using a Maxwellian velocity distribution, which is useful in many scenarios but limited by the assumption of thermal equilibrium. In this work, we develop an architecture to learn a lowdimensional, general parameterization of the velocity distribution from scientific instrument plasma data. Such parameterizations have direct applications in data compression and simplified downstream learning algorithms. We verify that this dimensionally-reduced distribution preserves the key underlying physics of the data after reconstruction, specifically looking at the fluid parameters as derived from the instrument plasma moments (e.g., density, velocity, temperature). Finally, we present evidence for an information bottleneck arising from the relationship between the number of reduced parameters and the quality of reconstructed fluid parameters. Applying this learned architecture to data compression, we achieved a 30X compression ratio with what were deemed as acceptable losses.
Asymptotic behavior of null geodesics near future null infinity II: curvatures, photon surface and dynamically transversely trapping surface
Creators: name: Amo, Masaya
name: Shiromizu, Tetsuya
name: Izumi, Keisuke
name: Yoshino, Hirotaka
name: Tomikawa, Yoshimune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bearing in mind our previous study on asymptotic behavior of null geodesics near future null infinity, we analyze the behavior of geometrical quantities such as a certain extrinsic curvature and Riemann tensor in the Bondi coordinates. In the sense of asymptotics, the condition for an $r$-constant hypersurface to be a photon surface is shown to be controlled by a key quantity that determines the fate of photons initially emitted in angular directions. As a consequence, in four dimensions, such a non-expanding photon surface can be realized even near future null infinity in the presence of enormous energy flux for a short period of time. By contrast, in higher-dimensional cases, no such a photon surface can exist. This result also implies that the dynamically transversely trapping surface, which is proposed as an extension of a photon surface, can have an arbitrarily large radius in four dimensions.
description: 17 pages, no figures, published version
Intelligent metaphotonics empowered by machine learning
Creators: name: Krasikov, Sergey
name: Tranter, Aaron
name: Bogdanov, Andrey
name: Kivshar, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent years, we observe a dramatic boost of research in photonics empowered by the concepts of machine learning and artificial intelligence. The corresponding photonic systems, to which this new methodology is applied, can range from traditional optical waveguides to nanoantennas and metasurfaces, and these novel approaches underpin the fundamental principles of light-matter interaction developed for a smart design of intelligent photonic devices. Concepts and approaches of artificial intelligence and machine learning penetrate rapidly into the fundamental physics of light, and they provide effective tools for the study of the field of metaphotonics driven by optically-induced electric and magnetic resonances. Here, we introduce this new field with its application to metaphotonics and also present a summary of the basic concepts of machine learning with some specific examples developed and demonstrated for metasystems and metasurfaces.
The geometric classification of nilpotent commutative $\mathfrak{CD}$-algebras
Creators: name: Jumaniyozov, Doston
name: Kaygorodov, Ivan
name: Khudoyberdiyev, Abror
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a geometric classification of complex $5$-dimensional nilpotent commutative $\mathfrak{CD}$-algebras. The corresponding geometric variety has dimension $24$ and decomposes into $10$ irreducible components determined by the Zariski closures of a two-parameter family of algebras, three one-parameter families of algebras, and $6$ rigid algebras.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2007.01829, arXiv:2103.01036, arXiv:2001.00253, arXiv:2006.00734; text overlap with arXiv:2109.00483
How to Support Customer Segmentation with Useful Cluster Descriptions
Creators: name: Witschel, Hans Friedrich
name: Riesen, Kaspar
name: Loo, Simon
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2015

description: Customer or market segmentation is an important Instrument for the optimisation of marketing strategies and product portfolios. Clustering is a popular data mining technique used to support such segmentation { it groups customers into segments that share certain demographic or behavioural characteristics. In this research, we explore several automatic approaches which support an important task that starts after the actual clustering, namely capturing and labeling the "essence" of segments. We conducted an empirical study by implementing several of these approaches, applying them to a data set of customer representations and studying the way our study participants interacted with the resulting cluster representations. Major goal of the present paper is to nd out which approaches exhibit the greatest ease of understanding on the one hand and which of them lead to the most correct interpretation of cluster essence on the other hand. Our results indicate that using a learned decision tree model as a cluster representation provides both good ease of understanding and correctness of drawn conclusions.
Systematic literature review comparing rapid 3-dose administration of the GSK tick-borne encephalitis vaccine with other primary immunization schedules
Creators: name: Galgani, Ilaria
name: Bunge, Eveline M.
name: Hendriks, Lisa
name: Schludermann, Christopher
name: Marano, Cinzia
name: Moerlooze, Laurence De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Introduction: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), which is endemic across large regions of Europe and Asia, is most effectively prevented through vaccination. Three-dose primary TBE vaccination schedules are either rapid (0,7,21-days) or conventional (0,28–84-days, 9–12-months). The second dose can also be administered at 14 days for faster priming and sero-protection). Areas covered: We used a three-step selection process to identify 21 publications comparing the immunogenicity and/or safety of different schedules. Expert commentary: Priming with two or three TBE vaccine doses was highly immunogenic. After conventional priming (0–28 days), 95% adults and ≥95% children had neutralization test (NT) titers ≥10 at 14 days post-dose-2 compared with 92% adults and 99% children at 21 days post-dose-3 (rapid schedule). Most subjects retained NT titers ≥10 at day 300. A single booster dose induced a strong immune response in all subjects irrespective of primary vaccination schedule or elapsed time since priming. GMT peaked at 42 days post-dose-1 (i.e., 21 days post-dose 3 [rapid-schedule], or 14–28 days post-dose-2 [conventional-schedule]), and declined thereafter. Adverse events were generally rare and declined with increasing doses. In the absence of data to recommend one particular schedule, the regimen choice will remain at the physician’s discretion, based on patient constraints and availability.
СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ОБУЧЕНИЮ РУССКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ ДЛЯ ВЗРОСЛЫХ
Creators: name: Гиясова, Василя
name: Бурхонова, Диёра
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Обучение русскому языку для взрослых носителей других языков в последние десятилетия претерпело значительные изменения. В отличие от детей, взрослые учащиеся имеют уже сформированное восприятие мира и языковые стратегии, что требует особых методов в преподавании. Современное обучение русскому языку для взрослых связано с необходимостью применения адаптированных методик, учитывающих разнообразие целей учащихся и их практическое применение языка. В последнее время, с развитием технологий, образовательные методики стали более гибкими, сочетая традиционные подходы и новые инновации, направленные на повышение эффективности обучения. Цель данного исследования – рассмотреть современные подходы к обучению русскому языку для взрослых, выявить наиболее эффективные методики и технологии, подходящие для различных категорий учащихся.
Where Do Students with Disabilities Enroll in Texas Postsecondary Institutions?
Creators: name: Charran, Chelseaia
name: Bicak, Ibrahim
name: Taylor, Z.W.
Publisher: name: Texas Education Review
Year: 2020
Subjects: students with disabilities
special education
special education policy
higher education
postsecondary education
quantitative methods

description: Although a wealth of research has explained how postsecondary institutions can support students with disabilities, no studies have articulated which postsecondary institutions are best suited to enroll students with disabilities through quantitative measures over long periods of time. Given the contentious history of special education in Texas, it is critical to investigate how Texas postsecondary institutions support students with disabilities and which institutional characteristics best predict the enrollment of these students. This study explored which Texas postsecondary institutions have enrolled students with disabilities over a five-year period (2013-2017), ultimately informing how Texas education policies could be changed to support greater postsecondary access for this population. Data suggest institutions of lower research intensity and private non-profit postsecondary institutions in Texas have enrolled greater percentages of students with disabilities from 2013 to 2017. Additionally, instructional expenses and institutional grant aid positively predicted enrollment from 2013 to 2017, suggesting Texas postsecondary institutions could strategically spend funds to increase postsecondary access for students with disabilities. Implications for research, practice, and policy are addressed.
Self-Ordering of Individual Photons in Waveguide QED and Rydberg-Atom Arrays
Creators: name: Iversen, Ole A.
name: Pohl, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering between light and individual saturable quantum emitters can induce strong optical nonlinearities and correlations between individual light quanta. Typically, this leads to an effective attraction that can generate exotic bound states of photons, which form quantum mechanical precursors of optical solitons, as found in many optical media. Here, we study the propagation of light through an optical waveguide that is chirally coupled to three-level quantum emitters. We show that the additional laser-coupling to a third emitter state not only permits to control the properties of the bound state but can even eliminate it entirely. This makes it possible to turn an otherwise focussing nonlinearity into a repulsive photon-photon interaction. We demonstrate this emerging photon-photon repulsion by analysing the quantum dynamics of multiple photons in large emitter arrays and reveal a dynamical fragmentation of incident uncorrelated light fields and self-ordering into regular trains of single photons. These striking effects expand the rich physics of waveguide quantum electrodynamics into the domain of repulsive photons and establish a conceptually simple platform to explore optical self-organization phenomena at the quantum level. We discuss implementations of this setting in cold-atom experiments and propose a new approach based on arrays of mesoscopic Rydberg-atom ensembles.