cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effective Theory Description of Weak Annihilation in B-> Xu l nu Decays
Creators: name: Sanz-Cillero, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semileptonic B-> Xu l nu decays allow a pretty clean determination of the CKM matrix element |Vub|. Nevertheless, the presence of weak-annihilation effects near the end-point of the q2 spectrum introduces uncertainties in the inclusive calculation, requiring the use of non-perturbative techniques like heavy meson chiral perturbation theory and large NC limit.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm And Beauty Hadrons (BEACH 2006), 2nd-8th July 2006, Lancaster, England
QuITO: Numerical software for constrained nonlinear optimal control problems -- extended version
Creators: name: Ganguly, Siddhartha
name: Randad, Nakul
name: D'Silva, Rihan Aaron
name: Raj, Mukesh S
name: Chatterjee, Debasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We introduce the MATLAB-based software QuITO (Quasi-Interpolation based Trajectory Optimization) to numerically solve a wide class of constrained nonlinear optimal control problems (OCP). The solver is based on the QuITO (the same abbreviation) algorithm, which is a direct multiple shooting (DMS) technique that leverages a particular type of quasi-interpolation scheme for control trajectory parameterization. The software is equipped with several options for numerical integration, and optimization solvers along with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to make the process of designing and solving the OCPs smooth and seamless for users with minimum coding experience. We demonstrate with two benchmark numerical examples the procedure to generate constrained state and control trajectories using QuITO.
description: 15 pages, published in SoftwareX
On-shell Action for Bubbling Geometries
Creators: name: Sato, Matsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the half-BPS sector of the AdS/CFT correspondence. In the full sector of the correspondence, on-shell actions in type IIB supergravity have been played crucial roles, for example in the GKP-Witten relation. We derive, therefore, an on-shell action that reproduces a class of half-BPS solutions found by Lin, Lunin and Maldacena. These solutions describe the bubbling geometries in the supergravity. We show that this on-shell action for the LLM solutions is dual to the classical limit of an observable of the N free fermions in a harmonic oscillator potential in 1+1 dimensions. The observable consists of three parts: an expectation value of the total energy, matrix elements of the momentum squared, and matrix elements of the position squared. Our results suggest that there exists a holographic correspondence on a two-dimensional surface in the bubbling geometries.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, v2: references added, v3: section 3, 4 and 5 improved, a reference and a figure added, typos corrected
Additional file 1 of Comparison of the TOFscan and the TOF-Watch SX during pediatric neuromuscular function recovery: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Yhim, Hyung-Been
name: Jang, Young-Eun
name: Lee, Ji-Hyun
name: Kim, Eun-Hee
name: Kim, Jin-Tae
name: Kim, Hee-Soo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplement 1. Non-normalized Bland-Altman plot for the difference in the train-of-four ratio values between TOF-Watch SX and TOFscan during the recovery phase. Bias and its 95% CI (blue), 95% upper limit of agreement and its 95% CI (green), and 95% lower limit of agreement and its 95% CI (red) are illustrated.
United We Stand: Using Epoch-wise Agreement of Ensembles to Combat Overfit
Creators: name: Stern, Uri
name: Shwartz, Daniel
name: Weinshall, Daphna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks have become the method of choice for solving many classification tasks, largely because they can fit very complex functions defined over raw data. The downside of such powerful learners is the danger of overfit. In this paper, we introduce a novel ensemble classifier for deep networks that effectively overcomes overfitting by combining models generated at specific intermediate epochs during training. Our method allows for the incorporation of useful knowledge obtained by the models during the overfitting phase without deterioration of the general performance, which is usually missed when early stopping is used. To motivate this approach, we begin with the theoretical analysis of a regression model, whose prediction -- that the variance among classifiers increases when overfit occurs -- is demonstrated empirically in deep networks in common use. Guided by these results, we construct a new ensemble-based prediction method, where the prediction is determined by the class that attains the most consensual prediction throughout the training epochs. Using multiple image and text classification datasets, we show that when regular ensembles suffer from overfit, our method eliminates the harmful reduction in generalization due to overfit, and often even surpasses the performance obtained by early stopping. Our method is easy to implement and can be integrated with any training scheme and architecture, without additional prior knowledge beyond the training set. It is thus a practical and useful tool to overcome overfit. Code is available at https://github.com/uristern123/United-We-Stand-Using-Epoch-wise-Agreement-of-Ensembles-to-Combat-Overfit.
Additional file 1 of Numbers of close contacts of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 and their association with government intervention strategies
Creators: name: McAloon, Conor G.
name: Wall, Patrick
name: Butler, Francis
name: Codd, Mary
name: Gormley, Eamonn
name: Walsh, Cathal
name: Duggan, Jim
name: Murphy, T. Brendan
name: Nolan, Philip
name: Smyth, Breda
name: O’Brien, Katie
name: Teljeur, Conor
name: Green, Martin J.
name: O’Grady, Luke
name: Culhane, Kieran
name: Buckley, Claire
name: Carroll, Ciara
name: Doyle, Sarah
name: Martin, Jennifer
name: More, Simon J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Stellar mass-metallicity relation throughout the large-scale structure of the Universe: CAVITY mother sample
Creators: name: Domínguez-Gómez, Jesús
name: Pérez, Isabel
name: Ruiz-Lara, Tomás
name: Peletier, Reynier F.
name: Sánchez-Blázquez, Patricia
name: Lisenfeld, Ute
name: Bidaran, Bahar
name: Falcón-Barroso, Jesús
name: Alcázar-Laynez, Manuel
name: Argudo-Fernández, María
name: Blázquez-Calero, Guillermo
name: Courtois, Hélène
name: Puertas, Salvador Duarte
name: Espada, Daniel
name: Florido, Estrella
name: García-Benito, Rubén
name: Jiménez, Andoni
name: Kreckel, Kathryn
name: Relaño, Mónica
name: Sánchez-Menguiano, Laura
name: van der Hulst, Thijs
name: van de Weygaert, Rien
name: Verley, Simon
name: Zurita, Almudena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Void galaxies are essential for understanding the physical processes that drive galaxy evolution because they are less affected by external factors than galaxies in denser environments, that is, in filaments, walls, and clusters. The stellar metallicity of a galaxy traces the accumulated fossil record of the star formation through the entire life of the galaxy. A comparison of the stellar metallicity of galaxies in various environments, including voids, filaments, walls, and clusters can provide valuable insights into how the large-scale environment affects the chemical evolution of the galaxy. We present the first comparison of the relation of the total stellar mass versus central stellar metallicity between galaxies in voids, filaments, walls, and clusters with different star formation history (SFH) types, morphologies, and colours for stellar masses between $10^{8.0}$ to $10^{11.5}$ solar masses and redshift $0.01
description: Accepted in A&A, 39 pages, 18 figures, 24 tables. Language corrected version. Title change and tables correction
Additional file 1 of Training on adequate use of opioid analgesics in West and Central Africa: a neglected step on the way to access to essential medicines?
Creators: name: Frau, Serena
name: Kananga, Anselme Mubeneshayi
name: Kingolo, Jackie Ndona
name: Kanyunyu, Ghislaine Mbelu
name: Zongwe, André Katele H.
name: Tshilengi, Aaron Nshindi
name: Ravinetto, Raffaella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Master thesis - Training programs to improve access to opioid analgesics for medical use: a review in Western and Central Africa.
Holistic Parking Slot Detection with Polygon-Shaped Representations
Creators: name: Wang, Lihao
name: Musabini, Antonyo
name: Leonet, Christel
name: Benmokhtar, Rachid
name: Breheret, Amaury
name: Yedes, Chaima
name: Burger, Fabian
name: Boulay, Thomas
name: Perrotton, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current parking slot detection in advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) primarily relies on ultrasonic sensors. This method has several limitations such as the need to scan the entire parking slot before detecting it, the incapacity of detecting multiple slots in a row, and the difficulty of classifying them. Due to the complex visual environment, vehicles are equipped with surround view camera systems to detect vacant parking slots. Previous research works in this field mostly use image-domain models to solve the problem. These two-stage approaches separate the 2D detection and 3D pose estimation steps using camera calibration. In this paper, we propose one-step Holistic Parking Slot Network (HPS-Net), a tailor-made adaptation of the You Only Look Once (YOLO)v4 algorithm. This camera-based approach directly outputs the four vertex coordinates of the parking slot in topview domain, instead of a bounding box in raw camera images. Several visible points and shapes can be proposed from different angles. A novel regression loss function named polygon-corner Generalized Intersection over Union (GIoU) for polygon vertex position optimization is also proposed to manage the slot orientation and to distinguish the entrance line. Experiments show that HPS-Net can detect various vacant parking slots with a F1-score of 0.92 on our internal Valeo Parking Slots Dataset (VPSD) and 0.99 on the public dataset PS2.0. It provides a satisfying generalization and robustness in various parking scenarios, such as indoor (F1: 0.86) or paved ground (F1: 0.91). Moreover, it achieves a real-time detection speed of 17 FPS on Nvidia Drive AGX Xavier. A demo video can be found at https://streamable.com/75j7sj.
Sisón común – Tetrax tetrax (Linnaeus, 1758)
Creators: name: Martínez López, Carmen
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016

description: Aves - Orden Gruiformes - Familia Otididae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 11-01-2008; 25-03-2011
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax in Spain.
Chorlitejo patinegro – Charadrius alexandrinus Linnaeus, 1758
Creators: name: Amat, Juan A.
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
name: Carrascal, Luis M.
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016

description: Aves - Orden Charadriiformes - Familia Charadriidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 15-12-2003; 24-06-2005, 5-08-2005; 8-02-2007; 5-03-2008; 30-01-2012
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus in Spain.
Understanding blue shift of the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance during growth of gold nanorods
Creators: name: Sahu, Aditya K
name: Das, Anwesh
name: Ghosh, Anirudha
name: Raj, Satyabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated in detail the growth dynamics of gold nanorods with various aspect ratios in different surrounding environments. Surprisingly, a blue shift in the temporal evolution of colloidal gold nanorods in aqueous medium has been observed during the growth of nanorods by UV visible absorption spectroscopy. The longitudinal surface plasmon resonance peak evolves as soon as the nanorods start to grow from spheres, and the system undergoes a blue shift in the absorption spectra. Although a red-shift is expected as a natural phenomenon during the growth process of all nanosystems, our blue shift observation is regarded as a consequence of competition between the parameters of growth solution and actual growth of nanorods. The growth of nanorods contributes to the red-shift which is hidden under the dominating contribution of the growth solution responsible for the observed massive blue shift.
description: 24 pages. 8 figures
Wobbling motion in triaxial superdeformed nuclei
Creators: name: Matsuzaki, Masayuki
name: Shimizu, Yoshifumi R.
name: Matsuyanagi, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss some characteristic features of the wobbling motion excited on the triaxial superdeformed Lu nucleus. We show how these features are connected to the moments of inertia microscopically calculated by means of the quasiparticle RPA in the rotating frame.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, Proc. 6th China-Japan Joint Nuclear Physics Symposium, Shanghai, China, 2006, Ed. Y.-G. Ma and A.Ozawa
The functional structure of cortical neuronal networks grown in vitro
Creators: name: Bettencourt, Luis M. A.
name: Stephens, Greg J.
name: Ham, Michael I.
name: Gross, Guenter W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply an information theoretic treatment of action potential time series measured with microelectrode arrays to estimate the connectivity of mammalian neuronal cell assemblies grown {\it in vitro}. We infer connectivity between two neurons via the measurement of the mutual information between their spike trains. In addition we measure higher point multi-informations between any two spike trains conditional on the activity of a third cell, as a means to identify and distinguish classes of functional connectivity among three neurons. The use of a conditional three-cell measure removes some interpretational shortcomings of the pairwise mutual information and sheds light into the functional connectivity arrangements of any three cells. We analyze the resultant connectivity graphs in light of other complex networks and demonstrate that, despite their {\it ex vivo} development, the connectivity maps derived from cultured neural assemblies are similar to other biological networks and display nontrivial structure in clustering coefficient, network diameter and assortative mixing. Specifically we show that these networks are weakly disassortative small world graphs, which differ significantly in their structure from randomized graphs with the same degree. We expect our analysis to be useful in identifying the computational motifs of a wide variety of complex networks, derived from time series data.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Light Vector Mesons in the Nuclear Medium
Creators: name: Wood, M. H.
name: Nasseripour, R.
name: Weygand, D. P.
name: Djalali, C.
name: Tur, C.
name: Mosel, U.
name: Muehlich, P.
name: Collaboration, CLAS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light vector mesons ($ρ$, $ω$, and $ϕ$) were produced in deuterium, carbon, titanium, and iron targets in a search for possible in-medium modifications to the properties of the $ρ$ meson at normal nuclear densities and zero temperature. The vector mesons were detected with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) via their decays to $e^{+}e^{-}$. The rare leptonic decay was chosen to reduce final-state interactions. A combinatorial background was subtracted from the invariant mass spectra using a well-established event-mixing technique. The $ρ$ meson mass spectrum was extracted after the $ω$ and $ϕ$ signals were removed in a nearly model-independent way. Comparisons were made between the $ρ$ mass spectra from the heavy targets ($A > 2$) with the mass spectrum extracted from the deuterium target. With respect to the $ρ$-meson mass, we obtain a small shift compatible with zero. Also, we measure widths consistent with standard nuclear many-body effects such as collisional broadening and Fermi motion.
description: 15 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables
Fusion of hyperspectral, multispectral, color and 3D point cloud information for the semantic interpretation of urban environments
Creators: name: Weinmann, Martin
name: Weinmann, Michael
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: Scene Interpretation
Classification
Data Fusion
Multispectral
Hyperspectral
3D
Aerial Sensor Platform

description: In this paper, we address the semantic interpretation of urban environments on the basis of multi-modal data in the form of RGB color imagery, hyperspectral data and LiDAR data acquired from aerial sensor platforms. We extract radiometric features based on the given RGB color imagery and the given hyperspectral data, and we also consider different transformations to potentially better data representations. For the RGB color imagery, these are achieved via color invariants, normalization procedures or specific assumptions about the scene. For the hyperspectral data, we involve techniques for dimensionality reduction and feature selection as well as a transformation to multispectral Sentinel-2-like data of the same spatial resolution. Furthermore, we extract geometric features describing the local 3D structure from the given LiDAR data. The defined feature sets are provided separately and in different combinations as input to a Random Forest classifier. To assess the potential of the different feature sets and their combination, we present results achieved for the MUUFL Gulfport Hyperspectral and LiDAR Airborne Data Set.
Exact solutions for models of evolving networks with addition and deletion of nodes
Creators: name: Moore, Cristopher
name: Ghoshal, Gourab
name: Newman, M. E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been considerable recent interest in the properties of networks, such as citation networks and the worldwide web, that grow by the addition of vertices, and a number of simple solvable models of network growth have been studied. In the real world, however, many networks, including the web, not only add vertices but also lose them. Here we formulate models of the time evolution of such networks and give exact solutions for a number of cases of particular interest. For the case of net growth and so-called preferential attachment -- in which newly appearing vertices attach to previously existing ones in proportion to vertex degree -- we show that the resulting networks have power-law degree distributions, but with an exponent that diverges as the growth rate vanishes. We conjecture that the low exponent values observed in real-world networks are thus the result of vigorous growth in which the rate of addition of vertices far exceeds the rate of removal. Were growth to slow in the future, for instance in a more mature future version of the web, we would expect to see exponents increase, potentially without bound.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Chaotic Phenomenon in Nonlinear Gyrotropic Medium
Creators: name: Ugulava, A.
name: Chotorlishvili, L.
name: Nickoladze, K.
name: Mchedlishvili, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear gyrotropic medium is a medium, whose natural optical activity depends on the intensity of the incident light wave. The Kuhn's model is used to study nonlinear gyrotropic medium with great success. The Kuhn's model presents itself a model of nonlinear coupled oscillators. This article is devoted to the study of the Kuhn's nonlinear model. In the first paragraph of the paper we study classical dynamics in case of weak as well as strong nonlinearity. In case of week nonlinearity we have obtained the analytical solutions, which are in good agreement with the numerical solutions. In case of strong nonlinearity we have determined the values of those parameters for which chaos is formed in the system under study. The second paragraph of the paper refers to the question of the Kuhn's model integrability. It is shown, that at the certain values of the interaction potential this model is exactly integrable and under certain conditions it is reduced to so-called universal Hamiltonian. The third paragraph of the paper is devoted to quantum-mechanical consideration. It shows the possibility of stochastic absorption of external field energy by nonlinear gyrotropic medium. The last forth paragraph of the paper is devoted to generalization of the Kuhn's model for infinite chain of interacting oscillators.
Characterizing the spontaneous collapse of a wavefunction through entropy production
Creators: name: Artini, Simone
name: Paternostro, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81

description: We investigate the phenomenology leading to the non-conservation of energy of the continuous spontaneous localization (CSL) model from the viewpoint of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, and use such framework to assess the equilibration process entailed by the dissipative formulation of the model (dCSL). As a paradigmatic situation currently addressed in frontier experiments aimed at investigating possible collapse theories, we consider a one-dimensional mechanical oscillator in a thermal state. We perform our analysis in the phase space of the oscillator, where the entropy production rate, a non-equilibrium quantity used to characterize irreversibility, can be conveniently analyzed. We show that the CSL model violates Clausius law, as it exhibits a negative entropy production rate, while the dCSL model reaches equilibrium consistently only under certain dynamical conditions, thus allowing us to identify the values -- in the parameter space -- where the latter mechanism can be faithfully used to describe a thermodynamically consistent phenomenon.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
HRel: Filter Pruning based on High Relevance between Activation Maps and Class Labels
Creators: name: Sarvani, CH
name: Ghorai, Mrinmoy
name: Dubey, Shiv Ram
name: Basha, SH Shabbeer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes an Information Bottleneck theory based filter pruning method that uses a statistical measure called Mutual Information (MI). The MI between filters and class labels, also called \textit{Relevance}, is computed using the filter's activation maps and the annotations. The filters having High Relevance (HRel) are considered to be more important. Consequently, the least important filters, which have lower Mutual Information with the class labels, are pruned. Unlike the existing MI based pruning methods, the proposed method determines the significance of the filters purely based on their corresponding activation map's relationship with the class labels. Architectures such as LeNet-5, VGG-16, ResNet-56\textcolor{myblue}{, ResNet-110 and ResNet-50 are utilized to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed pruning method over MNIST, CIFAR-10 and ImageNet datasets. The proposed method shows the state-of-the-art pruning results for LeNet-5, VGG-16, ResNet-56, ResNet-110 and ResNet-50 architectures. In the experiments, we prune 97.98 \%, 84.85 \%, 76.89\%, 76.95\%, and 63.99\% of Floating Point Operation (FLOP)s from LeNet-5, VGG-16, ResNet-56, ResNet-110, and ResNet-50 respectively.} The proposed HRel pruning method outperforms recent state-of-the-art filter pruning methods. Even after pruning the filters from convolutional layers of LeNet-5 drastically (i.e. from 20, 50 to 2, 3, respectively), only a small accuracy drop of 0.52\% is observed. Notably, for VGG-16, 94.98\% parameters are reduced, only with a drop of 0.36\% in top-1 accuracy. \textcolor{myblue}{ResNet-50 has shown a 1.17\% drop in the top-5 accuracy after pruning 66.42\% of the FLOPs.} In addition to pruning, the Information Plane dynamics of Information Bottleneck theory is analyzed for various Convolutional Neural Network architectures with the effect of pruning.
Comparison between Windowed FFT and Hilbert-Huang Transform for Analyzing Time Series with Poissonian Fluctuations: A Case Study
Creators: name: Han, D.
name: Zhang, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) is a novel data analysis technique for nonlinear and non-stationary data. We present a time-frequency analysis of both simulated light curves and an X-ray burst from the X-ray burster 4U 1702-429 with both the HHT and the Windowed Fast Fourier Transform (WFFT) methods. Our results show that the HHT method has failed in all cases for light curves with Poissonian fluctuations which are typical for all photon counting instruments used in astronomy, whereas the WFFT method can sensitively detect the periodic signals in the presence of Poissonian fluctuations; the only drawback of the WFFT method is that it cannot detect sharp frequency variations accurately.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Tau data-driven evaluation of the Hadronic Vacuum Polarization
Creators: name: Masjuan, Pere
name: Miranda, Alejandro
name: Roig, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Windows in Euclidean time have become a standard tool for comparing lattice QCD and data-driven computations of the hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) contribution to the muon $g-2$. Here we review our results, obtained using isospin-rotated $τ^-\toπ^-π^0ν_τ$ data instead of $e^+e^-\toπ^+π^-$ measurements, and compare them to other approaches. Consistency of the tau-based and lattice results hints to underestimated uncertainties in the $e^+e^-$ data. If that is the case, the theory prediction of the muon $g-2$ would only lie at $\sim 2σ$ from its measured value.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of 26th International Conference in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD23), 10-14 july 2023, Montpellier - FR; 6 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Screw dislocation-carbon interaction in BCC tungsten: an ab initio study
Creators: name: Hachet, Guillaume
name: Ventelon, Lisa
name: Willaime, François
name: Clouet, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between carbon and screw dislocations in tungsten is investigated using ab initio calculations. The presence of carbon atoms in the vicinity of the dislocation induces a reconstruction, with the dislocation relaxing to a configuration, the hard core structure, which is unstable in pure tungsten. The reconstruction corresponds to a strong binding of carbon in the prismatic sites created by the dislocation which is perfect for high concentrations of carbon segregated on the dislocation line. However, the reconstruction is only partial for lower atomic fractions, with the dislocation tending to fall back in its easy core ground state. This pinning by carbon atoms of the dislocation in an unstable position is well described by a simple line tension model. A strong carbon-dislocation attraction is also evidenced at larger separation distances, when the solute is in the fourth nearest neighbour octahedral sites of the reconstructed core. The equilibrium concentrations of carbon in these different segregation sites are modelled with an Ising model and using a mean-field approximation. This thermodynamic model evidences that screw dislocations remain fully saturated by carbon atoms and pinned in their hard core configuration up to about 2500 K.
Additional file 12: of RNA-Seq and iTRAQ reveal multiple pathways involved in storage root formation and development in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Creators: name: Dong, Tingting
name: Zhu, Mingku
name: Yu, Jiawen
name: Han, Rongpeng
name: Tang, Cheng
name: Xu, Tao
name: Liu, Jingran
name: Li, Zongyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S6. mRNA (A) and protein (B) expression analysis of related genes detected in fibrous roots (F) and storage roots of D1, D3, D5 and D10 stages. (PDF 435 kb)
Financial Performance of Specialized Corn Farms
Creators: name: Ahearn, Mary
name: Dubman, Robert
name: Hanson, Gregory
name: Ahearn, Mary
name: Dubman, Robert
name: Hanson, Gregory
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Financial Economics
Production Economics

description: Specialized corn farms—those with at least 50 percent of their production from cornand with at least $40,000 in total production—fared relatively well among specialized crop farms in 1985. Only specialized tobacco and nursery farms had better returns on their gross revenues, and only specialized nursery farms were more likely to have positive returns on their gross revenues. Corn production is heavily concentrated in 12 States where corn specialty farms produce about 85 percent of all U.S. corn sold off the farm. Specialized corn farms in the aptly named Corn Belt were the most prosperous. Those in the Lake States were less prosperous than the Corn Belt and Northern Plains farms, but they had the highest asset and equity levels of the three regions.
Nonequilibrium thermodynamics perspectives for the monotonicity of the renormalization group flow
Creators: name: Kim, Ki-Seok
name: Ryu, Shinsei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the monotonicity of the renormalization group (RG) flow from the perspectives of nonequilibrium thermodynamics. Applying the Martin-Siggia-Rose formalism to the Wilsonian RG transformation, we incorporate the RG flow equations manifestly in an effective action, where all coupling functions are dynamically promoted. As a result, we obtain an emergent holographic dual effective field theory, where an extra dimension appears from the Wilsonian RG transformation. We observe that Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST)-type transformations play an important role in the bulk effective action, which give rise to novel Ward identities for correlation functions between the renormalized coupling fields. As generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorems in the semiclassical nonequilibrium dynamics can be understood from the Ward identities of such BRST symmetries, we find essentially the same principle for the RG flow in the holographic dual effective field theory. Furthermore, we discuss how these ``nonequilibrium work identities" can be related to the monotonicity of the RG flow, for example, the $c-theorem$. In particular, we introduce an entropy functional for the dynamical coupling field and show that the production rate of the total entropy functional is always positive, indicating the irreversibility of the RG flow.
Multiwavelength observation of 1A 0535+262=HD 245770 from 2010 to 2021
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Yan, Jingzhi
name: Xiao, Guangcheng
name: Li, Xiukun
name: Gao, Bo
name: Liu, Qingzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. 1A 0535+262 is a high-mass X-ray binary that went into a giant X-ray outburst in 2020. During this event, the X-ray luminosity reached the highest value measured over the last 30 years. Aims. Our aim is to study the long-term variability of 1A 0535+262 before and after the 2020 major X-ray outburst and to uncover the mechanism that led to the X-ray outburst. Methods. We used the long-term photometric light curve and the equivalent widths of the H$α$ and He I $λ$6678 lines to monitor the state of the Be star's circumstellar disk. The H$α$ line profiles show evidence for V/R variability, which we revealed by fitting the H$α$ spectral line profiles with two Gaussian functions. In addition, we divided our data into four periods according to the intensity of the X-ray, optical, and infrared emission. Results. The H$α$ line profiles show single-peaked profiles in most cases. This is consistent with the previously reported orbital inclination of ${i}$ = $37^{\circ} \pm 2^{\circ}$. Unlike the H$α$ lines, the He I $\lambda6678$ lines show a maximal intensity in October 2020, which is one month before the giant X-ray outburst in 2020. Based on the behavior of the equivalent widths of the H$α$ and He I $\lambda6678$ lines, and the ${V}$-band magnitude, we find two mass ejection processes from the Be star to the Be disk on MJD 55820 and MJD 56600. The V/R quasi-period is about two\, years during 2011--2015, which is different from 1994 to 1995. Furthermore, the periods I$\to$II$\to$III$\to$IV in the $(B-V)$ color index versus $V$-band magnitude diagram constitute a cycle. From the behavior of the V/R ratio of H$α$ lines, and the variability of the $V$ band, we believe that the precession of the density perturbation inside the disk is retrograde.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2208.00151
Strong electronic correlations in superconducting organic charge transfer salts
Creators: name: Powell, B. J.
name: McKenzie, Ross H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the role of strong electronic correlations in quasi--two-dimensional organic charge transfer salts such as (BEDT-TTF)$_2X$, (BETS)$_2Y$ and $β'$-[Pd(dmit)$_2$]$_2Z$. We begin by defining minimal models for these materials. It is necessary to identify two classes of material: the first class is strongly dimerised and is described by a half-filled Hubbard model; the second class is not strongly dimerised and is described by a quarter filled extended Hubbard model. We argue that these models capture the essential physics of these materials. We explore the phase diagram of the half-filled quasi--two-dimensional organic charge transfer salts, focusing on the metallic and superconducting phases. We review work showing that the metallic phase, which has both Fermi liquid and `bad metal' regimes, is described both quantitatively and qualitatively by dynamical mean field theory (DMFT). The phenomenology of the superconducting state is still a matter of contention. We critically review the experimental situation, focusing on the key experimental results that may distinguish between rival theories of superconductivity, particularly probes of the pairing symmetry and measurements of the superfluid stiffness. We then discuss some strongly correlated theories of superconductivity, in particular, the resonating valence bond (RVB) theory of superconductivity. We conclude by discussing some of the major challenges currently facing the field.
description: A review: 52 pages; 10 figs
Uncertainty Quantification Use Case: Moored Temperature Sensor Measurement Uncertainty.
Creators: name: Seitz, Steffen
name: Waldmann, Christoph
name: Buckley, Earle
name: Bushnell, Mark
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Uncertainty quantification
subject: Parameter Discipline::Physical oceanography
subject: Instrument Type Vocabulary::water temperature sensor
subject: Data Management Practices::Data quality management

description: The oceanographic community acknowledges the need to better quantify the uncertainty of their measurements, but such quantifications are daunting. Requests for examples are often heard (Simpson, 2021). This example is extracted from the supplemental material of Bushnell et al., 2019. It is presented here as an exemplar for communities striving to create better expressions of uncertainty quantification. It has been edited slightly in order to improve presentation as a stand-alone use case. In such endeavors clarity is critical, so the example begins with well-defined terminology (Bell, 1999; EUROLAB, 2006; BIPM, 2008). The discussion of two approaches to estimation of uncertainty follows, which then leads to the very specific details provided by this example. Propagation of uncertainty into derived values, standard uncertainties of common probability distributions, and the impacts of correlations are also addressed.
Microlensing of a Biconical Broad Line Region
Creators: name: Abajas, C.
name: Mediavilla, E.
name: Munoz, J. A.
name: Gomez-Alvarez, P.
name: Gil-Merino, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of microlensing in the profiles of the emission lines generated in a biconical geometry is discussed. Microlensing amplification in this anisotropic model is not directly related to the bicone's intrinsic size but depends on the orientation of the bicone axis and on the cone aperture. The orientation of the projected bicone with respect to the shear of the magnification pattern can induce very interesting effects, like the quasi-periodic enhancements of the red/blue part of the emission line profile or the lack of correlation between the broad line region (BLR) and continuum light curves of QSOs. The emission line profiles of a BLR moving in a high caustic concentration exhibit sharp features that are well defined in wavelength. These features (spikes) correspond to the scanning of the kinematics of the BLR by the caustic clusters. The biconical model can qualitatively reproduce with a transversal (with respect to the shear) movement of the BLR, the recurrent blue-wing enhancement detected in the emission line profile of the A image of the quasar lensed system SDSS J1004+4112. The probability of observing this repetitive event is almost a 2% for a fraction of matter in stars of a 5%. This result would make plausible the detection of the spectral variability in SDSS J1004+4112 under the hypothesis of microlensing of a bicone.
description: 21 figures, quality severely reduced. ApJ accepted
Probing seesaw at LHC
Creators: name: Bajc, Borut
name: Nemevsek, Miha
name: Senjanovic, Goran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently proposed a simple SU(5) theory with an adjoint fermionic multiplet on top of the usual minimal spectrum. This leads to the hybrid scenario of both type I and type III seesaw and it predicts the existence of the fermionic SU(2) triplet between 100 GeV and 1 TeV for a conventional GUT scale of about 10^{16} GeV, with main decays into W (Z) and leptons, correlated through Dirac Yukawa couplings, and lifetimes shorter than about 10^{-12} sec. These decays are lepton number violating and they offer an exciting signature of Delta L=2 dilepton events together with 4 jets at future pp (p\bar p) colliders. Increasing the triplet mass endangers the proton stability and so the seesaw mechanism could be directly testable at LHC.
description: 19 pages, discussion on leptogenesis added, new references, main conclusions unchanged
Price Parity: An Outdated Farm Policy Tool?
Creators: name: Teigen, Lloyd
name: Teigen, Lloyd
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Changes in the structure of agriculture and the distribution of income among producers make parity prices obsolete indicators of farmer well-being. The major shortcomings of the current parity price concept could be resolved by adjusting the parity price formula to reflect farm productivity gains, redefining base period prices, and treating interest in a different manner. Direct lump-sum payments, while avoiding the problems caused by price-enhancing policies, could increase the number of farms receiving income parity, especially in the lower commercial sales classes.
Signature of Topological Semimetal in Harmonic-honeycomb ReO3
Creators: name: Han, Yifeng
name: Chen, Cui-Qun
name: Sun, Hualei
name: Zhao, Shuang
name: Jiang, Long
name: Liu, Yuxuan
name: Sun, Zhongxiong
name: Wang, Meng
name: Dong, Hongliang
name: Zhang, Ziyou
name: Chen, Zhiqiang
name: Chen, Bin
name: Yao, Dao-Xin
name: Li, Man-Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition-metal honeycomb compounds are capturing scientific attention due to their distinctive electronic configurations, underscored by the triangular-lattice spin-orbit coupling and competition between multiple interactions, paving the way for potential manifestations of phenomena such as Dirac semimetal, superconductivity, and quantum spin liquid states. These compounds can undergo discernible pressure-induced alterations in their crystallographic and electronic paradigms, as exemplified by our high-pressure (HP) synthesis and exploration of the honeycomb polymorph of ReO3 (P6322). This HP-P6322 polymorph bears a phase transition from P6322 to P63/mmc upon cooling around Tp = 250 K, as evidenced by the evolution of temperature-dependent magnetization (M-T curves), cell dimension, and conductivity initiated by an inherent bifurcation of the oxygen position in the ab plane. Insightful analysis of its band structure positions suggests this HP-P6322 polymorph being a plausible candidate for Dirac semimetal properties. This phase transition evokes anomalies in the temperature-dependent variation of paramagnetism (non-linearity) and a crossover from semiconductor to temperature-independent metal, showing a temperature independent conductivity behavior below ~200 K. Under increasing external pressure, both the Tp and resistance of this HP-polymorph is slightly magnetic-field dependent and undergo a "V"-style evolution (decreasing and then increasing) before becoming pressure independent up to 20.2 GPa. Theoretical calculations pinpoint this anionic disorder as a probable catalyst for the decrement in the conductive efficiency and muted temperature-dependent conductivity response.
The targum (1949:Nov. 1 - 1949:Nov. 29)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1949

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Crossover between hydrodynamic and kinetic modes in binary liquid alloys
Creators: name: Cazzato, Stefano
name: Scopigno, Tullio
name: Bryk, Taras
name: Mryglod, Ihor
name: Ruocco, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) measurements of the dynamic structure factor in liquid Na57K43, sensitive to the atomic-scale coarse graining, reveal a sound velocity value exceeding the long wavelength, continuum value and indicate the coexistence of two phonon-like modes. Applying Generalized Collective Mode (GCM) analysis scheme, we show that the positive dispersion of the sound velocity occurs in a wavelength region below the crossover from hydrodynamic to atom-type excitations and, therefore, it can not be explained as sound propagation over the light specie (Na) network. The present result experimentally proves the existence of positive dispersion in a binary mixture due to a relaxation process, as opposed to fast sound phenomena.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, to appear in "Physical Review B"