cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dust charge distribution in the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Ibáñez-Mejía, Juan C.
name: Walch, Stefanie
name: Ivlev, Alexei V.
name: Clarke, Seamus
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Joshi, Prabesh R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the equilibrium charge distribution of dust grains in the interstellar medium (ISM). Our treatment accounts for collisional charging by electrons and ions, photoelectric charging due to a background interstellar radiation field, the collection of suprathermal cosmic ray electrons and photoelectric emission due to a cosmic ray induced ultraviolet radiation field within dense molecular clouds. We find that the charge equilibrium assumption is valid throughout the multi-phase ISM conditions investigated here, and should remain valid for simulations with resolutions down to AU scales. The charge distribution of dust grains is size, composition, and ISM environment dependent: local radiation field strength, $G$, temperature, $T$, and electron number density, $n_{\mathrm{e}}$. The charge distribution is tightly correlated with the `charging parameter', $G\sqrt{T}/n_{\mathrm{e}}$. In the molecular medium, both carbonaceous and silicate grains have predominantly negative or neutral charges with narrow distributions. In the cold neutral medium, carbonaceous and silicate grains vary from negative and narrow distributions, to predominantly positive and wide distributions depending on the magnitude of the charging parameter. In the warm neutral medium, grains of all sizes are positively charged with wide distributions. We derive revised parametric expressions that can be used to recover the charge distribution function of carbonaceous and silicate grains from 3.5 Å to 0.25 $μ$m as a function of the size, composition and ambient ISM parameters. Finally, we find that the parametric equations can be used in environments other than Solar neighborhood conditions, recovering the charge distribution function of dust grains in photon dominated regions.
description: 13 pages and 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Code developed in this paper can be found: https://github.com/jcibanezm/DustCharge
Conformations of closed DNA
Creators: name: Fain, Boris
name: Rudnick, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We examine the conformations of a model for a short segment of closed DNA. The molecule is represented as a cylindrically symmetric elastic rod with a constraint corresponding to a specification of the linking number. We obtain analytic expressions leading to the spatial configuration of a family of solutions representing distortions that interpolate between the circular form of DNA and a figure-eight form that represents the onset of interwinding. We are also able to generate knotted loops. We suggest ways to use our approach to produce other configurations relevant to studies of DNA structure. The stability of the distorted configurations is assessed, along with the effects of fluctuations on the free energy of the various configurations.
description: 39 pages in REVTEX with 14 eps figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. E. This manuscript updates, expands and revises, to a considerable extent, a previously posted manuscript, entitled "Conformations of Circular DNA," which appeared as cond-mat/9701040
Analytical Estimate of the Critical Velocity for Vortex Pair Creation in Trapped Bose Condensates
Creators: name: Crescimanno, M.
name: Koay, C. G.
name: Peterson, R.
name: Walsworth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a modified Thomas-Fermi approximation to estimate analytically the critical velocity for the formation of vortices in harmonically trapped BEC. We compare this analytical estimate to numerical calculations and to recent experiments on trapped alkali condensates.
description: 12 pages
On the photometric detection of Internal Gravity Waves in upper main-sequence stars I. Methodology and application to CoRoT targets
Creators: name: Bowman, D. M.
name: Aerts, C.
name: Johnston, C.
name: Pedersen, M. G.
name: Rogers, T. M.
name: Edelmann, P. V. F.
name: Simón-Díaz, S.
name: Van Reeth, T.
name: Buysschaert, B.
name: Tkachenko, A.
name: Triana, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Main sequence stars with a convective core are predicted to stochastically excite Internal Gravity Waves (IGWs), which effectively transport angular momentum throughout the stellar interior and explain the observed near-uniform interior rotation rates of intermediate-mass stars. However, there are few detections of IGWs, and fewer still made using photometry, with more detections needed to constrain numerical simulations. Aims. We aim to formalise the detection and characterisation of IGWs in photometric observations of stars born with convective cores (M > 1.5 M$_{\odot}$) and parameterise the low-frequency power excess caused by IGWs. Methods. Using the most recent CoRoT light curves for a sample of O, B, A and F stars, we parameterise the morphology of the flux contribution of IGWs in Fourier space using an MCMC numerical scheme within a Bayesian framework. We compare this to predictions from IGW numerical simulations and investigate how the observed morphology changes as a function of stellar parameters. Results. We demonstrate that a common morphology for the low-frequency power excess is observed in early-type stars observed by CoRoT. Our study shows that a background frequency-dependent source of astrophysical signal is common, which we interpret as IGWs. We provide constraints on the amplitudes of IGWs and the shape of their detected frequency spectrum across a range of mass, which is the first ensemble study of stochastic variability in such a diverse sample of stars. Conclusions. The evidence of a low-frequency power excess across a wide mass range supports the interpretation of IGWs in photometry of O, B, A and F stars. We also discuss the prospects of observing hundreds of massive stars with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) in the near future.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 41 pages including 11 figures and 32 appendix figures
Additional file 1: of Impact of prior and concurrent medication on exacerbation risk with long-acting bronchodilators in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a post hoc analysis
Creators: name: Naya, Ian
name: Tombs, Lee
name: Lipson, David
name: Boucot, Isabelle
name: Compton, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: TDI focal score profile (ITT population). (DOCX 78 kb)
Diffusion regimes in Levy flights with trapping
Creators: name: Vazquez, Alexei
name: Costa, Oscar Sotolongo
name: Brouers, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffusion of a walk in the presence of traps is investigated. Different diffusion regimes are obtained considering the magnitude of the fluctuations in waiting times and jump distances. A constant velocity during the jump motion is assumed to avoid the divergence of the mean squared displacement. Using the limit theorems of the theory of Levy stable distributions we have provided a characterization of the different diffusion regimes.
description: 1 figure, submitted to Physica A
Graph Transformers for inverse physics: reconstructing flows around arbitrary 2D airfoils
Creators: name: Duthé, Gregory
name: Abdallah, Imad
name: Chatzi, Eleni
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2025
Subjects: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
FOS: Computer and information sciences
Graph transformers
Inverse problems
Flow reconstruction

description: arXiv
Additional file 2: of Impact of prior and concurrent medication on exacerbation risk with long-acting bronchodilators in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a post hoc analysis
Creators: name: Naya, Ian
name: Tombs, Lee
name: Lipson, David
name: Boucot, Isabelle
name: Compton, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Forest plot of TDI focal score at Day 168, active treatments versus PBO. (DOCX 101 kb)
Additional file 2: of ZnT3 expression levels are down-regulated in the brain of Mcoln1 knockout mice
Creators: name: Chacon, Jonathan
name: Rosas, Lauren
name: Math Cuajungco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S3. Tabulated list of differentially expressed genes between Mcoln1â /â KO and Mcoln1+/+ WT control samples using DESeq2. (DOCX 150 kb)
Removing Stripes, Scratches, and Curtaining with Non-Recoverable Compressed Sensing
Creators: name: Schwartz, Jonathan
name: Jiang, Yi
name: Wang, Yongjie
name: Aiello, Anthony
name: Bhattacharya, Pallab
name: Yuan, Hui
name: Mi, Zetian
name: Bassim, Nabil
name: Hovden, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Highly-directional image artifacts such as ion mill curtaining, mechanical scratches, or image striping from beam instability degrade the interpretability of micrographs. These unwanted, aperiodic features extend the image along a primary direction and occupy a small wedge of information in Fourier space. Deleting this wedge of data replaces stripes, scratches, or curtaining, with more complex streaking and blurring artifacts-known within the tomography community as missing wedge artifacts. Here, we overcome this problem by recovering the missing region using total variation minimization, which leverages image sparsity based reconstruction techniques-colloquially referred to as compressed sensing-to reliably restore images corrupted by stripe like features. Our approach removes beam instability, ion mill curtaining, mechanical scratches, or any stripe features and remains robust at low signal-to-noise. The success of this approach is achieved by exploiting compressed sensings inability to recover directional structures that are highly localized and missing in Fourier Space.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of HDAC6 inactivates Runx2 promoter to block osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells in age-related bone loss of mice
Creators: name: Ma, Chao
name: Gao, Juan
name: Liang, Jun
name: Dai, Weixiang
name: Wang, Zhenfei
name: Xia, Mengjiao
name: Chen, Tao
name: Huang, Sen
name: Na, Jian
name: Xu, Long
name: Feng, Shiming
name: Dai, Kerong
name: Liu, Guangwang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Primer sequences used in quantitative RT-PCR (Table S1) and ChIP-qPCR (Table S2), Runx2 promoter sequence investigated in the current study (Figure S1) and histological evaluation of core organs of aged mice in response to Tubastatin A administration (Figure S2) are included in the supplementary information.
Hernandia guianensis Aubl.
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Laurales
Hernandiaceae
Hernandia
Hernandia guianensis

description: [536] Hernandia guianensis Aubl.
(Fig. 24B)
 Hist. Pl. Guiane 2: 848 [Jun.-Dec. 1775] (Aublet 1775).
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: maoksi-adudu • Ka: ayowo, tokolo enulu • Wp: wali wowo • Nt: popolika • Cr: bwa-amadou, bwabannan • Br: ventosa.
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 24 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: J.B. Aublet s.n. (original material BM[BM000993866], G[G00355749]).
INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 11 trees censused, 1 in 1 plot; dbhinv = 57 cm.
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 467, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
MOESM9 of Synthesis of novel thiazole, pyranothiazole, thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and thiazolo[5â ˛,4â ˛:5,6]pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives and incorporating isoindoline-1,3-dione group
Creators: name: Hosny, Mona
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Mokbel, Wafaa
name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 9: Figure S9. The 1H NMR and 13C NMR of compound (12a).
Optimizing Full Waveform Inverse Problems: A Combined Data and Model approach
Creators: name: Mercier, Arnaud
name: Maurer, Hansruedi
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) has emerged as a groundbreaking tool in geophysics, offering unprecedented resolution in subsurface imaging. However, its broader application is often limited by substantial computational demands, especially in 3D elastic applications. This research addresses this critical barrier by introducing a novel approach that optimizes both data (source-receiver layout) and model (model parameterization) spaces, thereby reducing computational overhead and extending FWI's applicability. The interdependence between data and model spaces is a key factor to optimize FWI. We believe that both spaces must be simultaneously optimized to enhance the efficiency of FWI. This optimization is particularly crucial for intensive FWI problems but is also expected to make FWI accessible to a broader range of users, including those with limited computational resources.

We combine principles from Optimal Experimental Design (OED) and Compact Full Waveform Inversion (CFWI). Selecting only the most relevant source-receiver pair ensures a minimal, yet informative data set. By using a wavelet representation of the model, it is possible to easily tune the compression of the model based on the local resolution. The outcome of our data-model approach is a source-receiver layout that maximize the resolution of a compressed representation of the model.

Initial results with applications focused on synthetic 2D acoustic problems shows that the data-model approach allow for a significant reduction in both source-receiver pairs (≈ 50%) and model parameters (≈ 90%), whilst retaining 90% of the information content. Compare to classical OED criterion, our approach posses a lower time complexity by about 2 order of magnitude (O (m) vs O (mn2)). The significant speed up enables optimizing for sources and receivers independently, leading to further optimized layouts.

The data and model compression enables the use of Gauss-Newton optimization algorithm, leveraging faster convergence and greater flexibility. Benefits of this algorithm includes the possibility to optimize source-receiver layouts not only prior to fieldwork, but also during the inversion. At each stage of the inversion process, the most relevant data points are effectively identified and retained. This selection significantly reduces both computational and memory requirements. An additional benefit of this approach is the straightforward implementation of targeted OED, enabling optimization of the source-receiver layout for specific subsurface targets.

Key aspects to ensure a reliable and efficient data-model approach include evaluating the prior model's influence, examining the effects of compression ratio, resolving ambiguities in survey layout and model parametrization, and refining source and receiver positioning. We will present initial results and  highlight its potential benefits to significantly reduce the computational load of FWI.
description: EGUsphere
Seismic 3D imaging at the Bedretto Underground Laboratory (Switzerland): active seismic cross-hole tomography using fat rays
Creators: name: Schwarz, Miriam
name: Maurer, Hansruedi
name: Obermann, Anne
name: Wiemer, Stefan
name: BedrettoLab Team
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: The Bedretto Underground Laboratory for Geosciences and Geoenergies (BedrettoLab), operated by ETH Zurich, is a unique research facility providing optimal conditions for conducting experimental research on understanding the responses of the deep underground when stimulating it. Our experiments were performed in a Geothermal Testbed in the BedrettoLab. It includes six monitoring boreholes, ranging from 250 to 400 m length. They are equipped with multiple instruments including seismic sensors (geophones, accelerometers and acoustic emission) and active seismic sources (piezoelectric transducers). In addition, two stimulation boreholes are used to access the underground. A fault zone is crossing the boreholes in the volume of interest, which is one of the main targets of our investigations.

Advanced knowledge of the spatial distribution of the seismic velocities (i.e. elastic properties) is essential for several purposes, including, for example, geological and geotechnical characterizations of the rock volume, locating microseismicity caused by the hydraulic stimulations, and performing active seismic monitoring experiments. For that purpose, we have compiled a comprehensive active seismic travel time data set. As seismic sources we considered borehole sparker shots and the permanently installed piezoelectric transducers. The seismic waves were recorded with hydrophone streamers and the permanently installed seismic sensors. This resulted in roughly 45’000 travel time picks.

Here, we present first results of a 3D P-wave velocity tomography. Even with this relatively large data set, the ray coverage within the volume of interest is still relatively incomplete, when using classical (infinitesimally thin) rays. Therefore, we considered a fat ray approach, with which the finite bandwidth of seismic waves can be approximated more realistically. We will compare the classical ray-based tomography (high frequency approximation) with results from the fat ray tomography (frequency dependent). The resulting tomograms can be compared with borehole image logs.
description: EGUsphere
Integrated reservoir and production system modeling of geothermal energy extraction at the Aquistore CCS site in Canada
Creators: name: Hau, Kevin Peter
name: Brehme, Maren
name: Rangriz Shokri, Alireza
name: Malakooti, Reza
name: Nickel, Erik
name: Chalaturnyk, Rick J.
name: Saar, Martin O.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Mitigating the global climate crisis is the greatest challenge facing humanity this century. The transition of current energy systems towards carbon-neutral energy is inevitable. Renewable energy sources, particularly those that are both baseload- and dispatch-capable, such as geothermal energy, are essential to replace current energy systems that emit large amounts of CO2. In addition, permanent isolation of CO2 from the atmosphere, using carbon capture and sequestration (CCS), is indispensable to limit global warming to 1.5°C. To enable the full potential of geothermal energy extraction and of CCS, their efficiencies need to be improved. One possibility is to integrate both technologies. Using CO2 as the geothermal energy extraction fluid approximately doubles energy generation rates, compared to conventional, brine-based geothermal systems under our base-case conditions. Such CO2 Plume Geothermal (CPG) systems reinject the produced CO2, eventually sequestering all CO2 underground. Extracting the geothermal energy from the CCS reservoir results in additional CO2 storage poten- tial, as, for example, the CO2 density increases and the overall reservoir pressure decreases. The CPG-generated heat, electricity, and/or revenue could “subsidise” CCS operations. Consequently, CPG could increase both the geothermal energy and the CCS capacities. Our CPG feasibility study combines an integrated production system modeling approach with a history-matched reservoir model of an active CCS site (Aquistore, Canada). The integrated modeling approach is used to account for all relevant processes, from well-bore pressure and temperature drops to multi-phase, multi- component fluid flow in the reservoir to fluid separation, power generation, and continuous with reinjection of CO2 at the land surface, in a fully implicit matter. Our results suggest that stable CO2 circulation, extracting geothermal energy between the underground CO2 plume in the saline reservoir and the land surface, is possible. Furthermore, we see additional CO2 storage potential, caused by the circulation of CO2. Our simulations indicate that Aquistore may provide a unique opportunity for pioneering a CPG field test.
description: EGUsphere
Elastic differential cross-section measurement at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV by TOTEM
Creators: name: TOTEM Collaboration
name: Antchev, G.
name: Aspell, P.
name: Atanassov, I.
name: Avati, V.
name: Baechler, J.
name: Barrera, C. Baldenegro
name: Berardi, V.
name: Berretti, M.
name: Bossini, E.
name: Bottigli, U.
name: Bozzo, M.
name: Burkhardt, H.
name: Cafagna, F. S.
name: Catanesi, M. G.
name: Csanád, M.
name: Csörgő, T.
name: Deile, M.
name: De Leonardis, F.
name: Doubek, M.
name: Druzhkin, D.
name: Eggert, K.
name: Eremin, V.
name: Ferro, F.
name: Fiergolski, A.
name: Garcia, F.
name: Georgiev, V.
name: Giani, S.
name: Grzanka, L.
name: Hammerbauer, J.
name: Ivanchenko, V.
name: Kašpar, J.
name: Kopal, J.
name: Kundrát, V.
name: Lami, S.
name: Latino, G.
name: Lauhakangas, R.
name: Lindsey, C.
name: Lokajíček, M. V.
name: Losurdo, L.
name: Vetere, M. Lo
name: Rodríguez, F. Lucas
name: Macrí, M.
name: Malawski, M.
name: Minafra, N.
name: Minutoli, S.
name: Naaranoja, T.
name: Nemes, F.
name: Niewiadomski, H.
name: Novák, T.
name: Oliveri, E.
name: Oljemark, F.
name: Oriunno, M.
name: Österberg, K.
name: Palazzi, P.
name: Passaro, V.
name: Peroutka, Z.
name: Procházka, J.
name: Quinto, M.
name: Radermacher, E.
name: Radicioni, E.
name: Ravotti, F.
name: Robutti, E.
name: Royon, C.
name: Ruggiero, G.
name: Saarikko, H.
name: Scribano, A.
name: Smajek, J.
name: Snoeys, W.
name: Sziklai, J.
name: Taylor, C.
name: Tcherniaev, E.
name: Turini, N.
name: Vacek, V.
name: Welti, J.
name: Williams, J.
name: Ciesielski, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TOTEM collaboration has measured the elastic proton-proton differential cross section ${\rm d}σ/{\rm d}t$ at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV LHC energy using dedicated $β^{*}=90$ m beam optics. The Roman Pot detectors were inserted to 10$σ$ distance from the LHC beam, which allowed the measurement of the range $[0.04$ GeV$^{2}$$; 4 $GeV$^{2}$$]$ in four-momentum transfer squared $|t|$. The efficient data acquisition allowed to collect about 10$^{9}$ elastic events to precisely measure the differential cross-section including the diffractive minimum (dip), the subsequent maximum (bump) and the large-$|t|$ tail. The average nuclear slope has been found to be $B=(20.40 \pm 0.002^{\rm stat} \pm 0.01^{\rm syst})~$GeV$^{-2}$ in the $|t|$-range $0.04~$GeV$^{2}$ to $0.2~$GeV$^{2}$. The dip position is $|t_{\rm dip}|=(0.47 \pm 0.004^{\rm stat} \pm 0.01^{\rm syst})~$GeV$^{2}$. The differential cross section ratio at the bump vs. at the dip $R=1.77\pm0.01^{\rm stat}$ has been measured with high precision. The series of TOTEM elastic pp measurements show that the dip is a permanent feature of the pp differential cross-section at the TeV scale.
description: 76 authors, 20 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables
Additional file 1 of Xenon triggers pro-inflammatory effects and suppresses the anti-inflammatory response compared to sevoflurane in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
Creators: name: Breuer, Thomas
name: Emontzpohl, Christoph
name: Coburn, Mark
name: Benstoem, Carina
name: Rossaint, Rolf
name: Marx, Gernot
name: Schälte, Gereon
name: Bernhagen, Juergen
name: Bruells, Christian S.
name: Goetzenich, Andreas
name: Stoppe, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health

description: Measurement of intra- and postoperative redox balance. The intra- and postoperative redox balance was measured by static oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) in the serum samples and given in millivolts (mV). On comparison the xenon and sevoflurane groups had a comparable time course for ORP, indicating that both anaesthetics have the same influence on oxidative stress in cardiac surgery patients. Data are mean values ± SD. Pre-OP baseline, before induction of anaesthesia, intra-op immediately before termination of surgery, post-OP 24 h after surgery. (PDF 39 kb)
The Sound of Sonoluminescence
Creators: name: Elze, H. -Th.
name: Kodama, T.
name: Rafelski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an air bubble in water under conditions of single bubble sonoluminescence (SBSL) and evaluate the emitted sound field nonperturbatively for subsonic gas-liquid interface motion. Sound emission being the dominant damping mechanism, we also implement the nonperturbative sound damping in the Rayleigh-Plesset equation for the interface motion. We evaluate numerically the sound pulse emitted during bubble collapse and compare the nonperturbative and perturbative results, showing that the usual perturbative description leads to an overestimate of the maximal surface velocity and maximal sound pressure. The radius vs. time relation for a full SBSL cycle remains deceptively unaffected.
description: 25 pages; LaTex and 6 attached ps figure files. Accepted for publication in Physical Review E
Additional file 8 of Remodeling of the tumor microenvironment via disrupting Blimp1+ effector Treg activity augments response to anti-PD-1 blockade
Creators: name: Dixon, Michael L.
name: Luo, Lin
name: Ghosh, Sadashib
name: Grimes, Jeffrey M.
name: Leavenworth, Jonathan D.
name: Leavenworth, Jianmei W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 8: Comparison and quantitation of pStat5 (a) and pSmad2/3 (b) levels in TIL Treg cells from Foxp3YFP-Cre (WT) and Prdm1fl/flFoxp3YFP-Cre (KO) mice (n = 3 per group) established with B16-OVA, as in Fig. 2c. ∆MFI: MFI subtracted from the MFI of isotype controls (Ctrl). ns, no significance and * P < 0.05 (unpaired two-tailed Student’s t-test). Bars, mean ± SEM.
Humiriastrum excelsum Cuatrec.
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Humiriaceae
Humiriastrum
Humiriastrum excelsum

description: [538] Humiriastrum excelsum (Ducke) Cuatrec.
 Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 35 (2): 133 [14 Apr. 1961] (Cuatrecasas 1961). — Sacoglottis excelsa Ducke, Arch. Jard. Bot. Rio de Janeiro 3: 178 (Ducke 1922).
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 8 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier & M.-F. Prévost 4066.
INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 5 trees in 3 plots; Fmax <1 %; dbhinv = 63.3 cm.
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 468, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
Network of extremes in ocean eddy-resolving climate models
Creators: name: Ferri, Emma
name: Gruber, Nicolas
name: Münnich, Matthias
name: Putrasahan, Dian
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Marine extreme events, such as marine heatwaves, have a disproportional impact on marine organisms and ecosystems, shaping many of their characteristics. Even though such extremes have become the focus of much research in the last few years, our understanding of the processes that give rise to extreme conditions is still relatively poor. Mesoscale processes have been shown to structure and shape extremes, but also not much is known about their role. Here we use graph theory to detect the correlation between extreme marine events and distant occurrences of atmospheric extremes in the context of mesoscale variability. The data stem from a set of mesoscale resolution model simulation results obtained from the European Eddy RIch Earth System Models (EERIE) project. Common statistical tests such as the Pearson correlation coefficient and the Granger causality will be used to build the graph object. This will permit us to build a network of different oceanographic and atmospheric variables in an attempt to detect teleconnections, such as, for example, the impact of El Niño, on the onset, persistence, and demise of extremes. Our initial networks correlate various variables, such as precipitation and sea surface temperature (SST), eddy kinetic energy and SST, and global SST variations.
description: EGUsphere
Characterization of Acoustic Streaming in Gradients of Density and Compressibility
Creators: name: Qiu, Wei
name: Karlsen, Jonas T.
name: Bruus, Henrik
name: Augustsson, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppression of boundary-driven Rayleigh streaming has recently been demonstrated for fluids of spatial inhomogeneity in density and compressibility owing to the competition between the boundary-layer-induced streaming stress and the inhomogeneity-induced acoustic body force. Here we characterize acoustic streaming by general defocusing particle tracking inside a half-wavelength acoustic resonator filled with two miscible aqueous solutions of different density and speed of sound controlled by the mass fraction of solute molecules. We follow the temporal evolution of the system as the solute molecules become homogenized by diffusion and advection. Acoustic streaming rolls is suppressed in the bulk of the microchannel for 70-200 seconds dependent on the choice of inhomogeneous solutions. From confocal measurements of the concentration field of fluorescently labelled Ficoll solute molecules, we conclude that the temporal evolution of the acoustic streaming depends on the diffusivity and the initial distribution of these molecules. Suppression and deformation of the streaming rolls are observed for inhomogeneities in the solute mass fraction down to 0.1 %.
description: RevTex, pdfLaTex, 10 pages, 10 pdf figures
Retinal vessel segmentation based on Fully Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Oliveira, Américo
name: Pereira, Sérgio
name: Silva, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The retinal vascular condition is a reliable biomarker of several ophthalmologic and cardiovascular diseases, so automatic vessel segmentation may be crucial to diagnose and monitor them. In this paper, we propose a novel method that combines the multiscale analysis provided by the Stationary Wavelet Transform with a multiscale Fully Convolutional Neural Network to cope with the varying width and direction of the vessel structure in the retina. Our proposal uses rotation operations as the basis of a joint strategy for both data augmentation and prediction, which allows us to explore the information learned during training to refine the segmentation. The method was evaluated on three publicly available databases, achieving an average accuracy of 0.9576, 0.9694, and 0.9653, and average area under the ROC curve of 0.9821, 0.9905, and 0.9855 on the DRIVE, STARE, and CHASE_DB1 databases, respectively. It also appears to be robust to the training set and to the inter-rater variability, which shows its potential for real-world applications.
description: Support repository for this work: https://github.com/americofmoliveira/VesselSegmentation_ESWA
MOESM7 of Synthesis of novel thiazole, pyranothiazole, thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and thiazolo[5â ˛,4â ˛:5,6]pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives and incorporating isoindoline-1,3-dione group
Creators: name: Hosny, Mona
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Mokbel, Wafaa
name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. The 1H NMR and 13C NMR of compound (9f).
The Foundations of Tokenization: Statistical and Computational Concerns
Creators: name: Gastaldi, Juan Luis
name: Terilla, John
name: Malagutti, Luca
name: DuSell, Brian
name: Vieira, Tim
name: Cotterell, Ryan
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
Machine Learning (cs.LG)
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tokenization - the practice of converting strings of characters from an alphabet into sequences of tokens over a vocabulary - is a critical step in the NLP pipeline. The use of token representations is widely credited with increased model performance but is also the source of many undesirable behaviors, such as spurious ambiguity or inconsistency. Despite its recognized importance as a standard representation method in NLP, the theoretical underpinnings of tokenization are not yet fully understood. In particular, the impact of tokenization on statistical estimation has been investigated mostly through empirical means. The present paper contributes to addressing this theoretical gap by proposing a unified formal framework for representing and analyzing tokenizer models. Based on the category of stochastic maps, this framework enables us to establish general conditions for a principled use of tokenizers, and most importantly, the necessary and sufficient conditions for a tokenizer model to preserve the consistency of statistical estimators. Additionally, we discuss statistical and computational concerns crucial for designing and implementing tokenizer models, such as inconsistency, ambiguity, tractability, and boundedness. The framework and results advanced in this paper contribute to building robust theoretical foundations for representations in neural language modeling that can inform future empirical research.
description: arXiv
MOESM1 of Quality standards in respiratory real-life effectiveness research: the REal Life EVidence AssessmeNt Tool (RELEVANT): report from the Respiratory Effectiveness Groupâ European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Task Force
Creators: name: Roche, Nicolas
name: Campbell, Jonathan
name: Krishnan, Jerry
name: Brusselle, Guy
name: Chisholm, Alison
name: Bjermer, Leif
name: Thomas, Mike
name: Ganse, Eric
name: Berge, Maarten
name: Christoff, George
name: Quint, Jennifer
name: Papadopoulos, Nikolaos
name: Price, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Taskforce Activity Schedule Summary. Table S2. Literature review search terms: used to identify a list that would include asthma observational comparative effectiveness studies. Table S3. Reading grid used by reviewers to summarize selected articles. Table S4. List of REG and EAACI contributors. Table S5. Literature Review Assessment Overview: All papers.
Autoregressive Times Series Methods for Time Domain Astronomy
Creators: name: Feigelson, Eric D.
name: Babu, G. Jogesh
name: Caceres, Gabriel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Celestial objects exhibit a wide range of variability in brightness at different wavebands. Surprisingly, the most common methods for characterizing time series in statistics -- parametric autoregressive modeling -- is rarely used to interpret astronomical light curves. We review standard ARMA, ARIMA and ARFIMA (autoregressive moving average fractionally integrated) models that treat short-memory autocorrelation, long-memory $1/f^α$ `red noise', and nonstationary trends. Though designed for evenly spaced time series, moderately irregular cadences can be treated as evenly-spaced time series with missing data. Fitting algorithms are efficient and software implementations are widely available. We apply ARIMA models to light curves of four variable stars, discussing their effectiveness for different temporal characteristics. A variety of extensions to ARIMA are outlined, with emphasis on recently developed continuous-time models like CARMA and CARFIMA designed for irregularly spaced time series. Strengths and weakness of ARIMA-type modeling for astronomical data analysis and astrophysical insights are reviewed.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, published in 'Frontiers of Physics', vol 6, id. 80 (2018)
Inclusions induced phase separation in mixed lipid film
Creators: name: Sens, P.
name: Safran, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The effect of rigid inclusions on the phase behavior of a film containing a mixture of lipid molecules is investigated. In the proposed model, the inclusion-induced deformation of the film, and the resulting energy cost are strongly dependent upon the spontaneous curvature of the mixed film. The spontaneous curvature is in turn strongly influenced by the composition of film. This coupling between the film composition and the energy per inclusion leads to a lateral modulation of the composition, which follows the local curvature of the membrane. In particular, it is shown that the inclusion may induce a global phase separation in a film which would otherwise be homogeneously mixed. The mixed film is then composed of patches of different average composition, separated by the inclusions. This process may be of relevance to explain some aspects of lipid-protein association in biological membranes.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 9 of Remodeling of the tumor microenvironment via disrupting Blimp1+ effector Treg activity augments response to anti-PD-1 blockade
Creators: name: Dixon, Michael L.
name: Luo, Lin
name: Ghosh, Sadashib
name: Grimes, Jeffrey M.
name: Leavenworth, Jonathan D.
name: Leavenworth, Jianmei W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 9: Table 4. NanoString mouse PanCancer Immune Profiling of sorted CD45− cells (KO (n =2) vs WT (n =3)).
Adhesion-Induced Lateral Phase Separation in Membranes
Creators: name: Komura, Shigeyuki
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adhesion between membranes is studied using a phenomenological model, where the inter-membrane distance is coupled to the concentration of sticker molecules on the membranes. The model applies to both for adhesion of two flexible membranes and to adhesion of one flexible membrane onto a second membrane supported on a solid substrate. We mainly consider the case where the sticker molecules form bridges and adhere directly to both membranes. The calculated mean-field phase diagrams show an upward shift of the transition temperature indicating that the lateral phase separation in the membrane is enhanced due to the coupling effect. Hence the possibility of adhesion-induced lateral phase separation is predicted. For a particular choice of the parameters, the model exhibits a tricritical behavior. We also discuss the non-monotonous shape of the inter-membrane distance occurring when the lateral phase separation takes place. The inter-membrane distance relaxes to the bulk values with two symmetric overshoots. Adhesion mediated by other types of stickers is also considered.
description: 13 pages, 9 PostScript figures included. To be published in Euro. Phys. J - E. Minor revisions
MOESM8 of Synthesis of novel thiazole, pyranothiazole, thiazolo[4,5-b]pyridines and thiazolo[5â ˛,4â ˛:5,6]pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives and incorporating isoindoline-1,3-dione group
Creators: name: Hosny, Mona
name: Zaki, Yasser
name: Mokbel, Wafaa
name: Abdelhamid, Abdou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 8: Figure S8. The 1H NMR and 13C NMR of compound (10).
Sacoglottis cydonioides Cuatrec.
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Humiriaceae
Sacoglottis
Sacoglottis cydonioides

description: [540] Sacoglottis cydonioides Cuatrec.
(Fig. 24C)
 Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 35 (2): 183 [14 Apr. 1961] (Cuatrecasas 1961).
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: ašiu, ašiwa, tumau-atamwa • Ka: pelulu • Wp: asiwa • Cr: bwa-kochon, bwa-maypouri.
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 30 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier & J.-L. Smock 5782.
INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 31 trees in 22 plots; Fmax = 1.1 %; dbhinv = 73 cm.
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 468, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
A new test for random number generators: Schwinger-Dyson equations for the Ising model
Creators: name: Ballesteros, H. G.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a set of Schwinger-Dyson equations for the Ising Model to check several random number generators. For the model in two and three dimensions, it is shown that the equations are sensitive tests of bias originated by the random numbers. The method is almost costless in computer time when added to any simulation.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Donoho-Stark's Uncertainty Principles in Real Clifford Algebras
Creators: name: Haoui, Youssef El
name: Fahlaoui, Said
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A66, 42B10, 43A32, 30G35

description: The Clifford Fourier transform (CFT) has been shown to be a powerful tool in the Clifford analysis. In this work, several uncertainty inequalities are established in the real Clifford algebra $Cl_{(p,q)}$, \ including the Hausdorf-Young inequality, and three qualitative uncertainty principles of Donoho-Stark.
Phase diagram of disordered spin-Peierls systems
Creators: name: Mostovoy, Maxim
name: Khomskii, Daniel
name: Knoester, Jasper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the competition between the spin-Peierls and the antiferromagnetic ordering in disordered quasi-one-dimensional spin systems. We obtain the temperature vs disorder-strength phase diagram, which qualitatively agrees with recent experiments on doped CuGeO_3.
description: 4 pages, revtex, epsf, 2 Postscript figures