cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First results from the MADCASH Survey: A Faint Dwarf Galaxy Companion to the Low Mass Spiral Galaxy NGC 2403 at 3.2 Mpc
Creators: name: Carlin, Jeffrey L.
name: Sand, David J.
name: Price, Paul
name: Willman, Beth
name: Karunakaran, Ananthan
name: Spekkens, Kristine
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: Crnojević, Denija
name: Forbes, Duncan A.
name: Hargis, Jonathan
name: Kirby, Evan
name: Lupton, Robert
name: Peter, Annika H. G.
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Strader, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of the faintest known dwarf galaxy satellite of an LMC stellar-mass host beyond the Local Group, based on deep imaging with Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam. MADCASH J074238+652501-dw lies $\sim$35 kpc in projection from NGC 2403, a dwarf spiral galaxy at $D$$\approx$3.2 Mpc. This new dwarf has $M_{g} = -7.4\pm0.4$ and a half-light radius of $168\pm70$ pc, at the calculated distance of $3.39\pm0.41$ Mpc. The color-magnitude diagram reveals no evidence of young stellar populations, suggesting that MADCASH J074238+652501-dw is an old, metal-poor dwarf similar to low luminosity dwarfs in the Local Group. The lack of either detected HI gas ($M_{\rm HI}/L_{V} < 0.69 M_\odot/L_\odot$, based on Green Bank Telescope observations) or $GALEX$ NUV/FUV flux enhancement is consistent with a lack of young stars. This is the first result from the MADCASH (Magellanic Analog Dwarf Companions And Stellar Halos) survey, which is conducting a census of the stellar substructure and faint satellites in the halos of Local Volume LMC analogs via resolved stellar populations. Models predict a total of $\sim$4-10 satellites at least as massive as MADCASH J074238+652501-dw around a host with the mass of NGC 2403, with 2-3 within our field of view, slightly more than the one such satellite observed in our footprint.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
A mathematical framework for operational fine tunings
Creators: name: Catani, Lorenzo
name: Leifer, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of ontological models, the inherently nonclassical features of quantum theory always seem to involve properties that are fine tuned, i.e. properties that hold at the operational level but break at the ontological level. Their appearance at the operational level is due to unexplained special choices of the ontological parameters, which is what we mean by a fine tuning. Famous examples of such features are contextuality and nonlocality. In this article, we develop a theory-independent mathematical framework for characterizing operational fine tunings. These are distinct from causal fine tunings -- already introduced by Wood and Spekkens in [NJP,17 033002(2015)] -- as the definition of an operational fine tuning does not involve any assumptions about the underlying causal structure. We show how known examples of operational fine tunings, such as Spekkens' generalized contextuality, violation of parameter independence in Bell experiment, and ontological time asymmetry, fit into our framework. We discuss the possibility of finding new fine tunings and we use the framework to shed new light on the relation between nonlocality and generalized contextuality. Although nonlocality has often been argued to be a form of contextuality, this is only true when nonlocality consists of a violation of parameter independence. We formulate our framework also in the language of category theory using the concept of functors.
description: Final version with minor corrections with respect to the previous one and written using the Quantum journal template. 34 pages, 10 figures
Supplementary materials-JCEM-jc.2022-01068R1.docx
Creators: name: Liu, Yiwen
name: Ping, Fan
name: Yu, Jie
name: Lv, Lu
name: Zhao, Yuan
name: Qi, MengYa
name: Li, Wei
name: Xu, Lingling
name: Yu, Miao
name: Li, Ming
name: Zhang, Huabing
name: Li, Yuxiu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: We summarized the clinical characteristics of autoimmune hypoglycemia caused by exogenous insulin antibody syndrome in 23 Chinese patients with diabetes, and we performed HLA genotyping of 10 patients.
Coherence and information in a fiber interferometer
Creators: name: Kellerer, Aglaé
name: Wright, Sidney
name: Lacour, Sylvestre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experiment based on a fibered Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The aim is to familiarize students with fibered optics and interferometry, and to improve their understanding of optical amplification. The laboratory project has two parts: in a first part, the students modulate the optical path of the interferometer to study the spectra of light sources via Fourier Transform Spectroscopy. In a second part, an optical amplifier is placed in one or both arms of the interferometer. The set-up uses monomode, polarization-maintaining fibers that propagate light of 1.5 $μ$m wavelength. In this article, we describe the set-up and the analysis of the measurements, and we present results from student reports. All components are part of standard optical catalogues. Even though the experiment is based on fibered optics, it is robust to manipulation (it is however relatively expensive $\sim £15\,000$): We describe our efforts to protect the components from damage. This experiment is now offered as a 2-week project for third-year Physics students. The experiment may likewise be of value in early graduate level laboratory courses.
description: Accepted for publication by the American Journal of Physics
Loxodromic elements in big mapping class groups via the Hooper-Thurston-Veech construction
Creators: name: Morales, Israel
name: Valdez, Ferran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E30, 20F65, 57M60

description: Let $S$ be an infinite-type surface and $p\in S$. We show that the Thurston-Veech construction for pseudo-Anosov elements, adapted for infinite-type surfaces, produces infinitely many loxodromic elements for the action of $Mod(S;p)$ on the loop graph $L(S;p)$ that do not leave any finite-type subsurface $S'\subset S$ invariant. Moreover, in the language of Bavard-Walker, Thurston-Veech's construction produces loxodromic elements of any weight. As a consequence of Bavard and Walker's work, any subgroup of $Mod(S;p)$ containing two "Thurston-Veech loxodromics" of different weight has an infinite-dimensional space of non-trivial quasimorphisms.
description: 30 pages, 17 Figures
A conceptual framework for measuring and classifying knowledge : a multiparadigm study from an information systems perspective
Creators: name: Cook, Clyde Ewan.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Origin of the backstreaming ions in a young Hot Flow Anomaly
Creators: name: Vaisberg, O. L.
name: Shuvalov, S. D.
name: Shestakov, A. Yu.
name: Golubeva, Y. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze an event in front of the bow shock observed by Cluster spacecraft on 22.02.2006. This event has many attributes of Hot Flow Anomaly at early stage of development including strong upstream beam and disturbed magnetic profile with increased magnetic field at one or two sides as observed by 4 Cluster spacecraft. The angle between the magnetic field vectors at two sides of the current sheet was ~ 10°. The minimum magnetic field magnitude within HFA was ~ 1 nT. The shock at two sides of the HFA was quasi-perpendicular. Upstream beam was observed on the leading side of the HFA. Parameters and velocity distributions of solar wind ions and of upstream ions observed on C1 and C3 spacecraft are analyzed separately in order to trace their changes across the event. The goal of this analysis was to get more information about the source of upstream beam. The beam evolved from the start of its observation till the HFA encounter being initially energetic and nearly mono-energetic. Its mean energy continuously decreased and energy spectrum widened as HFA approached spacecraft. First observation of particular energy that diminished with approaching the HFA varied linearly with gyro-radius of ions. The energy spectra of integrated beam (for all observation) and the energy spectrum of the beam observed just in front of HFA are very similar to the magnetosheath ion energy spectrum observed after bow shock crossing at ~ 1 hour after observation of the HFA. Lowest energies in the beam were observed within HFA only. Highest density and pressure of upstream beam are found in the current sheet itself. We suggest that the upstream beam is the result of the magnetosheath ions leakage through the region of HFA crossing with the bow shock front.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
The internal structure of overpressured, magnetized, relativistic jets
Creators: name: Martí, José M.
name: Perucho, Manel
name: Gómez, José L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents the first characterization of the internal structure of overpressured steady superfast magnetosonic relativistic jets in connection with their dominant type of energy. To this aim, relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of different jet models threaded by a helical magnetic field have been analyzed covering a wide region in the magnetosonic Mach number - specific internal energy plane. The merit of this plane is that models dominated by different types of energy (internal energy: hot jets; rest-mass energy: kinetically dominated jets; magnetic energy: Poynting-flux dominated jets) occupy well separated regions. The analyzed models also cover a wide range of magnetizations. Models dominated by the internal energy (i.e., hot models, or Poynting-flux dominated jets with magnetizations larger than but close to 1) have a rich internal structure characterized by a series of recollimation shocks and present the largest variations in the flow Lorentz factor (and internal energy density). Conversely, in kinetically dominated models there is not much internal nor magnetic energy to be converted into kinetic one and the jets are featureless, with small variations in the flow Lorentz factor. The presence of a significant toroidal magnetic field threading the jet produces large gradients in the transversal profile of the internal energy density. Poynting-flux dominated models with high magnetization (>10) are prone to be unstable against magnetic pinch modes, which sets limits to the expected magnetization in parsec-scale AGN jets {and/or constrains their magnetic field configuration}.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, changed title, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Catching Worms, Trojan Horses and PUPs: Unsupervised Detection of Silent Delivery Campaigns
Creators: name: Kwon, Bum Jun
name: Srinivas, Virinchi
name: Deshpande, Amol
name: Dumitraş, Tudor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing commoditization of the underground economy has given rise to malware delivery networks, which charge fees for quickly delivering malware or unwanted software to a large number of hosts. To provide this service, a key method is the orchestration of silent delivery campaigns, which involve a group of downloaders that receive remote commands and that deliver their payloads without any user interaction. These campaigns have not been characterized systematically, unlike other aspects of malware delivery networks. Moreover, silent delivery campaigns can evade detection by relying on inconspicuous downloaders on the client side and on disposable domain names on the server side. We describe Beewolf, a system for detecting silent delivery campaigns from Internet-wide records of download events. The key observation behind our system is that the downloaders involved in these campaigns frequently retrieve payloads in lockstep. Beewolf identifies such locksteps in an unsupervised and deterministic manner. By exploiting novel techniques and empirical observations, Beewolf can operate on streaming data. We utilize Beewolf to study silent delivery campaigns at scale, on a data set of 33.3 million download events. This investigation yields novel findings, e.g. malware distributed through compromised software update channels, a substantial overlap between the delivery ecosystems for malware and unwanted software, and several types of business relationships within these ecosystems. Beewolf achieves over 92% true positives and fewer than 5% false positives. Moreover, Beewolf can detect suspicious downloaders a median of 165 days ahead of existing anti-virus products and payload-hosting domains a median of 196 days ahead of existing blacklists.
Arbitrage-Free Combinatorial Market Making via Integer Programming
Creators: name: Kroer, Christian
name: Dudík, Miroslav
name: Lahaie, Sébastien
name: Balakrishnan, Sivaraman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new combinatorial market maker that operates arbitrage-free combinatorial prediction markets specified by integer programs. Although the problem of arbitrage-free pricing, while maintaining a bound on the subsidy provided by the market maker, is #P-hard in the worst case, we posit that the typical case might be amenable to modern integer programming (IP) solvers. At the crux of our method is the Frank-Wolfe (conditional gradient) algorithm which is used to implement a Bregman projection aligned with the market maker's cost function, using an IP solver as an oracle. We demonstrate the tractability and improved accuracy of our approach on real-world prediction market data from combinatorial bets placed on the 2010 NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, where the outcome space is of size 2^63. To our knowledge, this is the first implementation and empirical evaluation of an arbitrage-free combinatorial prediction market on this scale.
Homological mirror symmetry for log Calabi-Yau surfaces
Creators: name: Hacking, Paul
name: Keating, Ailsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D37 (Primary) 14B05, 53D40 (Secondary)

description: Given a log Calabi-Yau surface $Y$ with maximal boundary $D$ and distinguished complex structure, we explain how to construct a mirror Lefschetz fibration $w: M \to \mathbb{C}$, where $M$ is a Weinstein four-manifold, such that the directed Fukaya category of $w$ is isomorphic to $D^b \text{Coh}(Y)$, and the wrapped Fukaya category $D^b\mathcal{W} (M)$ is isomorphic to $D^b \text{Coh}(Y \backslash D)$. We construct an explicit isomorphism between $M$ and the total space of the almost-toric fibration arising in the work of Gross-Hacking-Keel; when $D$ is negative definite this is expected to be the Milnor fibre of a smoothing of the dual cusp of $D$. We also match our mirror potential $w$ with existing constructions for a range of special cases of $(Y,D)$, notably in work of Auroux-Katzarkov-Orlov and Abouzaid.
description: Comments welcome! v2: minor changes
Searching for photon-sector Lorentz violation using gravitational-wave detectors
Creators: name: Kostelecky, Alan
name: Melissinos, Adrian C.
name: Mewes, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the prospects for using interferometers in gravitational-wave detectors as tools to search for photon-sector violations of Lorentz symmetry. Existing interferometers are shown to be exquisitely sensitive to tiny changes in the effective refractive index of light occurring at frequencies around and below the microhertz range, including at the harmonics of the frequencies of the Earth's sidereal rotation and annual revolution relevant for tests of Lorentz symmetry. We use preliminary data obtained by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) in 2006-2007 to place constraints on coefficients for Lorentz violation in the photon sector exceeding current limits by about four orders of magnitude.
description: 8 pages, published in Physics Letters B
MPEC 2023-S09 : 2023 RC13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RC13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
In-situ observation of Ni-Co based wrought superalloy high-temperature deformation: lattice rotation and grain boundary response
Creators: name: Bai, Yingbo
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Cui, Chuanyong
name: Zhou, Yizhou
name: Sun, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The sensitivity of grain boundary (GB) cracks often limits the high-temperature plasticity of superalloys. The 750 ℃ tensile deformation of fine-grained Ni-Co based wrought superalloys was observed in situ using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) probe to clarify the texture formation and GB response. The GB stress concentration depends on the grain orientation and slip system alignment on both sides. This reflects the ability of GBs to cope with deformation incompatibility. This study provides valuable insights for predicting the failure of polycrystalline superalloys and offers new ideas for microstructure evaluation and GB design. The lattice rotation and GB response of Ni-Co based fine-grained wrought superalloys under 750 ℃ deformation were explained through in-situ observation, which helps predict the superalloys’ service behavior.
Flexible Tweedie regression models for continuous data
Creators: name: Bonat, Wagner H.
name: Kokonendji, Célestin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tweedie regression models provide a flexible family of distributions to deal with non-negative highly right-skewed data as well as symmetric and heavy tailed data and can handle continuous data with probability mass at zero. The estimation and inference of Tweedie regression models based on the maximum likelihood method are challenged by the presence of an infinity sum in the probability function and non-trivial restrictions on the power parameter space. In this paper, we propose two approaches for fitting Tweedie regression models, namely, quasi- and pseudo-likelihood. We discuss the asymptotic properties of the two approaches and perform simulation studies to compare our methods with the maximum likelihood method. In particular, we show that the quasi-likelihood method provides asymptotically efficient estimation for regression parameters. The computational implementation of the alternative methods is faster and easier than the orthodox maximum likelihood, relying on a simple Newton scoring algorithm. Simulation studies showed that the quasi- and pseudo-likelihood approaches present estimates, standard errors and coverage rates similar to the maximum likelihood method. Furthermore, the second-moment assumptions required by the quasi- and pseudo-likelihood methods enables us to extend the Tweedie regression models to the class of quasi-Tweedie regression models in the Wedderburn's style. Moreover, it allows to eliminate the non-trivial restriction on the power parameter space, and thus provides a flexible regression model to deal with continuous data. We provide \texttt{R} implementation and illustrate the application of Tweedie regression models using three data sets.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures
Quantum tricriticality of incommensurate phase induced by quantum domain walls in frustrated Ising magnetism
Creators: name: Zhou, Zheng
name: Liu, Dong-Xu
name: Yan, Zheng
name: Chen, Yan
name: Zhang, Xue-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Incommensurability plays a critical role in many strongly correlated systems. In some cases, the origin of such exotic order can be theoretically understood in the framework of 1d line-like topological excitations known as ``quantum strings''. Here we study an extended transverse field Ising model on a triangular lattice. Using the large scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the spatial anisotropy can stabilize an incommensurate phase out of the commensurate clock order. Our results for the structure factor and the string density exhibit a linear relationship between incommensurate ordering wave vector and the density of quantum strings, which is reminiscent of hole density in under-doped cuprate superconductors. When introducing the next-nearest-neighbor interaction, we observe a quantum tricritical point out of the incommensurate phase. After carefully analyzing the ground state energies within different string topological sectors, we conclude that this tricriticality is non-trivially caused by effective long-range inter-string interactions with two competing terms following different decaying behaviors.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, comments are welcome and more information at http://cqutp.org/users/xfzhang/
Dislocation network mediated grain boundary engineering in an additively manufactured titanium alloy
Creators: name: Qiu, Chunlei
name: Chen, Xu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Continuous grain boundary α (CGB-α) usually causes degradation of mechanical properties in titanium alloys. Here, we propose to employ dislocation network in an additively manufactured titanium alloy for GB engineering to suppress CGB-α. A C-bearing titanium alloy was selectively laser melted to produce homogeneously distributed TiC flakes and a dislocation network that links them to GBs. Upon solution treatment, the dislocation network promotes dissolution of intragranular carbides and formation of discrete GB TiC particles. These GB carbides suppress the formation of CGB-α during ageing treatment, which together with the formation of high-density intragranular α leads to excellent strength-ductility synergy.
Simulating Dicke like superradiance with classical light sources
Creators: name: Bhatti, D.
name: Oppel, S.
name: Wiegner, R.
name: Agarwal, G. S.
name: von Zanthier, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the close relationship between Dicke superradiance, originally predicted for an ensemble of two-level atoms in entangled states, and the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect, initially established in astronomy to determine the dimensions of classical light sources like stars. By studying the state evolution of the fields produced by classical sources -- defined by a positive Glauber-Sudarshan P function -- when recording intensity correlations of higher order in a generalized Hanbury Brown and Twiss setup we find that the angular distribution of the last detected photon, apart from an offset, is identical to the superradiant emission pattern generated by an ensemble of two-level atoms in entangled symmetric Dicke states. We show that the phenomenon derives from projective measurements induced by the measurement of photons in the far field of the sources and the permutative superposition of quantum paths identical to those leading to superradiance in the case of single photon emitters. We thus point out an important similarity between classical sources and quantum emitters upon detection of photons if the particular photon source remains unknown. We finally present a compact result for the characteristic functional which generates intensity correlations of arbitrary order for any kind of light sources.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Internet diffusion and e-business opportunities amongst Malaysian travel agencies
Creators: name: Raja, Mazhatul Yasmin Suraya.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Tailored jump operators for purely dissipative quantum magnetism
Creators: name: Weimer, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I propose an archtitecture for the realization of dissipative quantum many-body spin models. The dissipative processes are mediated by interactions with auxiliary particles and lead to a widely tunable class of correlated quantum jump operators. These findings enable the investigation of purely dissipative spin models, where coherent dynamics is entirely absent. I provide a detailed review of a recently introduced variational method to analyze such dissipative quantum many-body systems, and I discuss a specific example in terms of a purely dissipative Heisenberg model, for which I find an additional disordered phase that is not present in the corresponding ground state phase diagram.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Phys. B. Special Issue "Emerging Leaders"
Generative Shape Models: Joint Text Recognition and Segmentation with Very Little Training Data
Creators: name: Lou, Xinghua
name: Kansky, Ken
name: Lehrach, Wolfgang
name: Laan, CC
name: Marthi, Bhaskara
name: Phoenix, D. Scott
name: George, Dileep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We demonstrate that a generative model for object shapes can achieve state of the art results on challenging scene text recognition tasks, and with orders of magnitude fewer training images than required for competing discriminative methods. In addition to transcribing text from challenging images, our method performs fine-grained instance segmentation of characters. We show that our model is more robust to both affine transformations and non-affine deformations compared to previous approaches.
Graphene-decorated bimodal pure metal with high strength and ductility
Creators: name: Lin, Zhongze
name: Sun, Zhe
name: Luo, Boyi
name: Tang, Ganpei
name: Jiang, Xin
name: Shen, Zhe
name: Ding, Biao
name: Zhong, Yunbo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology

description: Heterostructured design and microcrack management mitigate the strength-ductility dilemma in metallic materials. Here, we demonstrate a simultaneous enhancement of strength and ductility in graphene-decorated bimodal pure nickel, achieving a strength increase to 1 GPa and an 18% improvement in elongation by designing heterostructure with graphene, metal powders, and metal foams. The results show that grain refinement, hetero-deformation-induced hardening, and activated stacking faults mainly cause the strength-ductility synergy. Additionally, while dispersed microcracks nucleate within the fine grain zones, their propagation is constrained by the coarse grain zones. This study provides new insights into improving the strength-ductility combination in metallic materials.
Tempered Stable Processes with Time Varying Exponential Tails
Creators: name: Kim, Young Shin
name: Roh, Kum-Hwan
name: Douady, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper, we introduce a new time series model having a stochastic exponential tail. This model is constructed based on the Normal Tempered Stable distribution with a time-varying parameter. The model captures the stochastic exponential tail, which generates the volatility smile effect and volatility term structure in option pricing. Moreover, the model describes the time-varying volatility of volatility. We empirically show the stochastic skewness and stochastic kurtosis by applying the model to analyze S&P 500 index return data. We present the Monte-Carlo simulation technique for the parameter calibration of the model for the S&P 500 option prices. We can see that the stochastic exponential tail makes the model better to analyze the market option prices by the calibration.
description: Kum-Hwan Roh gratefully acknowledges the support of Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government [Grant No. NRF-2017R1D1A3B03036548]
Proposal for Automatic License and Number Plate Recognition System for Vehicle Identification
Creators: name: Saghaei, Hamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose an automatic and mechanized license and number plate recognition (LNPR) system which can extract the license plate number of the vehicles passing through a given location using image processing algorithms. No additional devices such as GPS or radio frequency identification (RFID) need to be installed for implementing the proposed system. Using special cameras, the system takes pictures from each passing vehicle and forwards the image to the computer for being processed by the LPR software. Plate recognition software uses different algorithms such as localization, orientation, normalization, segmentation and finally optical character recognition (OCR). The resulting data is applied to compare with the records on a database. Experimental results reveal that the presented system successfully detects and recognizes the vehicle number plate on real images. This system can also be used for security and traffic control.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2016 1st International Conference on New Research Achievements in Electrical and Computer Engineering
The role of flow in designing compelling interactions with Internet-presence Web sites
Creators: name: Clarke, Corrinne.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Super-quantum curves from super-eigenvalue models
Creators: name: Ciosmak, Paweł
name: Hadasz, Leszek
name: Manabe, Masahide
name: Sułkowski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In modern mathematical and theoretical physics various generalizations, in particular supersymmetric or quantum, of Riemann surfaces and complex algebraic curves play a prominent role. We show that such supersymmetric and quantum generalizations can be combined together, and construct supersymmetric quantum curves, or super-quantum curves for short. Our analysis is conducted in the formalism of super-eigenvalue models: we introduce $β$-deformed version of those models, and derive differential equations for associated $α/β$-deformed super-matrix integrals. We show that for a given model there exists an infinite number of such differential equations, which we identify as super-quantum curves, and which are in one-to-one correspondence with, and have the structure of, super-Virasoro singular vectors. We discuss potential applications of super-quantum curves and prospects of other generalizations.
description: 60 pages
Describing quantum metrology with erasure errors using weight distributions of classical codes
Creators: name: Ouyang, Yingkai
name: Rengaswamy, Narayanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum sensors are expected to be a prominent use-case of quantum technologies, but in practice, noise easily degrades their performance. Quantum sensors can for instance be afflicted with erasure errors. Here, we consider using quantum probe states with a structure that corresponds to classical $[n,k,d]$ binary block codes of minimum distance $d \geq t+1$. We obtain bounds on the ultimate precision that these probe states can give for estimating the unknown magnitude of a classical field after at most $t$ qubits of the quantum probe state are erased. We show that the quantum Fisher information is proportional to the variances of the weight distributions of the corresponding $2^t$ shortened codes. If the shortened codes of a fixed code with $d \geq t+1$ have a non-trivial weight distribution, then the probe states obtained by concatenating this code with repetition codes of increasing length enable asymptotically optimal field-sensing that passively tolerates up to $t$ erasure errors.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures. Title change, abstract shortened. Final version
Consistency of warm k-inflation
Creators: name: Peng, Zhi-Peng
name: Yu, Jia-Ning
name: Zhang, Xiao-Min
name: Zhu, Jian-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the k-inflation which is a type of kinetically driven inflationary model under the standard inflationary scenario to a possible warm inflationary scenario. The dynamical equations of this warm k-inflation model are obtained. We rewrite the slow-roll parameters which are different from the usual potential driven inflationary models and perform a linear stability analysis to give the proper slow-roll conditions in the warm k-inflation. Two cases, a power-law kinetic function and an exponential kinetic function, are studied, when the dissipative coefficient $Γ=Γ_0$ and $Γ=Γ(ϕ)$, respectively. A proper number of e-folds is obtained in both concrete cases of warm k-inflation. We find a constant dissipative coefficient ($Γ=Γ_0$) is not a workable choice for these two cases while the two cases with $Γ=Γ(ϕ)$ are self-consistent warm inflationary models.
description: 8 pages. Accepted for publication as a Regular Article in Physical Review D
Quantifying the unfairness of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualification
Creators: name: Csató, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 62F07, 68U20

description: This paper investigates the fairness of the 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying competition via Monte Carlo simulations. The qualifying probabilities are calculated for 102 nations, all teams except for African and European countries. A method is proposed to quantify the degree of unfairness. Although the qualifications within four FIFA confederations are constructed fairly, serious differences are found between the continents: for instance, a South American team could have tripled its chances by playing in Asia. Choosing a fixed matchup in the inter-continental play-offs instead of the current random draw can reduce the unfairness of the competition. The move of Australia from the Oceanian to the Asian zone is shown to increase its probability of participating in the 2018 FIFA World Cup by about 65%. Our results provide important insights for the administrators on how to reallocate the qualifying berths.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, 7 tables
The development of a web-enabled data warehousing system
Creators: name: Cheng, Kong Yan Paul.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Microtwinning mechanism revealed by its orientation dependence and tension-compression asymmetry in γ′ precipitate-strengthened Ni-based superalloys
Creators: name: Qu, Pengfei
name: Yang, Wenchao
name: Wang, Qiang
name: Liu, Chen
name: Qin, Jiarun
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Liu, Lin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Microtwinning is observed as an important mechanism in γ′ precipitate-strengthened Ni-based superalloys during service at intermediate temperatures. Here, the effect of crystal orientation and stress direction on microtwinning was investigated. The result indicates that the formation of microtwins exhibits orientation dependence and tension-compression asymmetry. Based on the analysis of slip and twinning competition behavior under different conditions, it is deemed that the a/2〈110〉 matrix dislocations would dissociate into a/6〈112〉 Shockley partials in the γ matrix and then a Shockley partial sheared γ’ phase and formed microtwins. For the first time, this work explains why microtwinning exhibits orientation dependence and tension-compression asymmetry while stacking faults do not, although they both originate from the activity of {111} 〈112〉 slip systems.
The impact of galactic properties and environment on the quenching of central and satellite galaxies: A comparison between SDSS, Illustris and L-Galaxies
Creators: name: Bluck, Asa F. L.
name: Mendel, J. Trevor
name: Ellison, Sara L.
name: Patton, David R.
name: Simard, Luc
name: Henriques, Bruno M. B.
name: Torrey, Paul
name: Teimoorinia, Hossen
name: Moreno, Jorge
name: Starkenburg, Else
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the impact that a variety of galactic and environmental properties have on the quenching of star formation. We collate a sample of $\sim$ 400,000 central and $\sim$ 100,000 satellite galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7). Specifically, we consider central velocity dispersion ($σ_{c}$), stellar, halo, bulge and disk mass, local density, bulge-to-total ratio, group-centric distance and galaxy-halo mass ratio. We develop and apply a new statistical technique to quantify the impact on the quenched fraction ($f_{\rm Quench}$) of varying one parameter, while keeping the remaining parameters fixed. For centrals, we find that the $f_{\rm Quench} - σ_{c}$ relationship is tighter and steeper than for any other variable considered. We compare to the Illustris hydrodynamical simulation and the Munich semi-analytic model (L-Galaxies), finding that our results for centrals are qualitatively consistent with their predictions for quenching via radio-mode AGN feedback, hinting at the viability of this process in explaining our observational trends. However, we also find evidence that quenching in L-Galaxies is too efficient and quenching in Illustris is not efficient enough, compared to observations. For satellites, we find strong evidence that environment affects their quenched fraction at fixed central velocity dispersion, particularly at lower masses. At higher masses, satellites behave identically to centrals in their quenching. Of the environmental parameters considered, local density affects the quenched fraction of satellites the most at fixed central velocity dispersion.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 28 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables. This is the final accepted version of an earlier publication: arXiv:1412.3862
L-band Spectroscopy with Magellan-AO/Clio2: First Results on Young Low-Mass Companions
Creators: name: Stone, Jordan M.
name: Eisner, Josh
name: Skemer, Andy
name: Morzinski, Katie M.
name: Close, Laird
name: Males, Jared
name: Rodigas, Timothy J.
name: Hinz, Phil
name: Puglisi, Alfio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: L-band spectroscopy is a powerful probe of cool low-gravity atmospheres: The P, Q, and R branch fundamental transitions of methane near 3.3 $μ$m provide a sensitive probe of carbon chemistry; cloud thickness modifies the spectral slope across the band; and H$_{3}^{+}$ opacity can be used to detect aurorae. Many directly imaged gas-giant companions to nearby young stars exhibit L-band fluxes distinct from the field population of brown dwarfs at the same effective temperature. Here we describe commissioning the L-band spectroscopic mode of Clio2, the 1-5 $μ$m instrument behind the Magellan adaptive-optics system. We use this system to measure L-band spectra of directly imaged companions. Our spectra are generally consistent with the parameters derived from previous near-infrared spectra for these late M to early L type objects. Therefore, deviations from the field sequence are constrained to occur below 1500 K. This range includes the L-T transition for field objects and suggests that observed discrepancies are due to differences in cloud structure and CO/CH$_{4}$ chemistry.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Legendrian Weaves: N-graph Calculus, Flag Moduli and Applications
Creators: name: Casals, Roger
name: Zaslow, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35, 57R17

description: We study a class of Legendrian surfaces in contact five-folds by encoding their wavefronts via planar combinatorial structures. We refer to these surfaces as Legendrian weaves, and to the combinatorial objects as N-graphs. First, we develop a diagrammatic calculus which encodes contact geometric operations on Legendrian surfaces as multi-colored planar combinatorics. Second, we present an algebraic-geometric characterization for the moduli space of microlocal constructible sheaves associated to these Legendrian surfaces. Then we use these N-graphs and the flag moduli description of these Legendrian invariants for several new applications to contact and symplectic topology. Applications include showing that any finite group can be realized as a subfactor of a 3-dimensional Lagrangian concordance monoid for a Legendrian surface in the 1-jet space of the two-sphere, a new construction of infinitely many exact Lagrangian fillings for Legendrian links in the standard contact three-sphere, and performing rational point counts over finite fields that distinguish Legendrian surfaces in the standard five-dimensional Darboux chart. In addition, the manuscript develops the notion of Legendrian mutation, studying microlocal monodromies and their transformations. The appendix illustrates the connection between our N-graph calculus for Lagrangian cobordisms and Elias-Khovanov-Williamson's Soergel Calculus.
description: 116 Pages, 106 Figures. A published version of this manuscript will appear in Geometry & Topology
Enhancing strength and ductility in heterolamellar medium-Mn steel through bamboo-like microstructure design
Creators: name: Ding, Chao
name: Niu, Gang
name: Zhang, Zhihui
name: Wang, Enmao
name: Yu, Xinpan
name: Wu, Huibin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Nature has long inspired technological innovations, fostering the rapidly developing field of bionics. Inspired by the microstructure of bamboo, we have developed a bamboo-like structure for steel. This novel steel achieves a tensile strength exceeding 1200 MPa and a uniform elongation nearing 68%, resulting in a product of strength and uniform elongation up to 83 GPa·%. The high strength of the steel is primarily attributed to its ultra-fine lamellar grains. Additionally, the graded occurrence of multiple deformation mechanisms collectively maintains its exceptional work-hardening capability. This study presents a new approach to enhancing the performance of medium-Mn steels. A bamboo-like steel consisting of lamellar ferrite and austenite alternating along the rolling direction, providing a new path to produce medium-Mn steels with outstanding mechanical properties.
Brochureware and intranets for customers : Australian banks respond to the Internet
Creators: name: Ireland, Vivienne R. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.