cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ENLIGHT RISE - Deliverable 8.5 - Report on barriers and opportunities on R&I impact-driven agendas #2
Creators: name: ENLIGHT RISE WP8-Impact assessment and frontiers of the common R&I agenda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: European Universities
Impact
R&I agenda

description: This is a report on the different workshops, encounters, webinars, surveys, interviews, etc. collecting and analysing the barriers, challenges and opportunities to implement impact-driven R&I agendas.
Constraints on the axial-vector and pseudo-scalar mediated WIMP-nucleus interactions from PandaX-4T experiment
Creators: name: Huang, Zhou
name: Han, Chencheng
name: Abdukerim, Abdusalam
name: Bo, Zihao
name: Chen, Wei
name: Chen, Xun
name: Chen, Yunhua
name: Cheng, Chen
name: Cheng, Zhaokan
name: Cui, Xiangyi
name: Fan, Yingjie
name: Fang, Deqing
name: Fu, Changbo
name: Fu, Mengting
name: Geng, Lisheng
name: Giboni, Karl
name: Gu, Linhui
name: Guo, Xuyuan
name: Han, Ke
name: He, Changda
name: He, Jinrong
name: Huang, Di
name: Huang, Yanlin
name: Hou, Ruquan
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Ju, Yonglin
name: Li, Chenxiang
name: Li, Jiafu
name: Li, Mingchuan
name: Li, Shu
name: Li, Shuaijie
name: Lin, Qing
name: Liu, Jianglai
name: Lu, Xiaoying
name: Luo, Lingyin
name: Luo, Yunyang
name: Ma, Wenbo
name: Ma, Yugang
name: Mao, Yajun
name: Shaheed, Nasir
name: Meng, Yue
name: Ning, Xuyang
name: Qi, Ningchun
name: Qian, Zhicheng
name: Ren, Xiangxiang
name: Shang, Changsong
name: Shang, Xiaofeng
name: Shen, Guofang
name: Si, Lin
name: Sun, Wenliang
name: Tan, Andi
name: Tao, Yi
name: Wang, Anqing
name: Wang, Meng
name: Wang, Qiuhong
name: Wang, Shaobo
name: Wang, Siguang
name: Wang, Wei
name: Wang, Xiuli
name: Wang, Zhou
name: Wei, Yuehuan
name: Wu, Mengmeng
name: Wu, Weihao
name: Xia, Jingkai
name: Xiao, Mengjiao
name: Xiao, Xiang
name: Xie, Pengwei
name: Yan, Binbin
name: Yan, Xiyu
name: Yang, Jijun
name: Yang, Yong
name: Yu, Chunxu
name: Yuan, Jumin
name: Yuan, Ying
name: Yuan, Zhe
name: Zeng, Xinning
name: Zhang, Dan
name: Zhang, Minzhen
name: Zhang, Peng
name: Zhang, Shibo
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Zhang, Yingxin
name: Zhang, Yuanyuan
name: Zhao, Li
name: Zheng, Qibin
name: Zhou, Jifang
name: Zhou, Ning
name: Zhou, Xiaopeng
name: Zhou, Yong
name: Zhou, Yubo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the constraints on the axial-vector and pseudo-scalar mediated WIMP-nucleus interactions from the PandaX-4T experiment, using the data set corresponding to a total exposure of 0.63~tonne$\cdot$year. No significant signal excess is observed, and the most stringent upper limits to date on the spin-dependent WIMP-neutron scattering cross section are set at 90\% confidence level with the minimum WIMP-neutron scattering cross section of 5.8$\times 10^{-42}$\si{\cm^{2}} for WIMP mass of 40~\si{\GeV/}$c^2$. Exclusion limits on the axial-vector and pseudo-scalar simplified models are also derived.
El ganso de la Catedral: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool eScriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
El ganso de la Catedral: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool e-Scriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
HERBAL PLANTS
Creators: name: Berdibayeva, K.Y.
name: Mirazimova, S.B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The global demand for herbal medicine is continuously increasing, posing an extinction risk to medicinal plants. Uganda is one of the ten countries most at risk of losing herbal medicine and Traditional Medicinal Knowledge (TMK). This could be ascribed to a lack of documentation, as well as a variety of other unclear obstacles. This study documented plant species utilized to cure human ailments in the Butaleja district of Eastern Uganda, as well as the TMK associated with each. The strategies for preserving medicinal plants were also investigated. The rationale was to promote the preservation of ethnopharmacological knowledge.
Diagnosis-guided Attack Recovery for Securing Robotic Vehicles from Sensor Deception Attacks
Creators: name: Dash, Pritam
name: Li, Guanpeng
name: Karimibiuki, Mehdi
name: Pattabiraman, Karthik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sensors are crucial for perception and autonomous operation in robotic vehicles (RV). Unfortunately, RV sensors can be compromised by physical attacks such as sensor tampering or spoofing. In this paper, we present DeLorean, a unified framework for attack detection, attack diagnosis, and recovering RVs from sensor deception attacks (SDA). DeLorean can recover RVs even from strong SDAs in which the adversary targets multiple heterogeneous sensors simultaneously. We propose a novel attack diagnosis technique that inspects the attack-induced errors under SDAs, and identifies the targeted sensors using causal analysis. DeLorean then uses historic state information to selectively reconstruct physical states for compromised sensors, enabling targeted attack recovery under single or multi-sensor SDAs. We evaluate DeLorean on four real and two simulated RVs under SDAs targeting various sensors, and we find that it successfully recovers RVs from SDAs in 93% of the cases.
Mathematical Videos & Affiliated Supplementaries In Tib’S Av Portal
Creators: name: Runnwerth, Mila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: scientific film, research data, audio visual data, mathematical information retrieval

description: Scientific videos often are supplementary material to otherwise published research material or contain additional material on their own. Especially in the mathematical context there four main categories with accompanying media: 1) visual demonstrations of numerical simulations, 2) video recordings of conference talks, 3) video abtracts for journal submissions, and 4) lecture videos. TIB's AV portal links its videos to all kinds of supplementary research information if it is freely available. Furthermore, a user's query to the portal is automatically expanded to a query in TIB's discovery system in order to retrieve supplementary material or further reading indexed therein. This article discusses the four categories of media combinations listed above and how to interlink them in order to guarantee easy access.
Attention is All They Need: Exploring the Media Archaeology of the Computer Vision Research Paper
Creators: name: Goree, Samuel
name: Appleby, Gabriel
name: Crandall, David
name: Su, Norman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.7.m

description: Research papers, in addition to textual documents, are a designed interface through which researchers communicate. Recently, rapid growth has transformed that interface in many fields of computing. In this work, we examine the effects of this growth from a media archaeology perspective, through the changes to figures and tables in research papers. Specifically, we study these changes in computer vision over the past decade, as the deep learning revolution has driven unprecedented growth in the discipline. We ground our investigation through interviews with veteran researchers spanning computer vision, graphics, and visualization. Our analysis focuses on the research attention economy: how research paper elements contribute towards advertising, measuring, and disseminating an increasingly commodified "contribution." Through this work, we seek to motivate future discussion surrounding the design of both the research paper itself as well as the larger sociotechnical research publishing system, including tools for finding, reading, and writing research papers.
The admissible monomial bases for the polynomial algebra of five variables in some types of generic degrees
Creators: name: Sum, Nguyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55S10, Secondary: 55S05

description: Let $P_k$ be the graded polynomial algebra $\mathbb F_2[x_1,x_2,\ldots ,x_k]$ over the prime field of two elements, $\mathbb F_2$, with the degree of each $x_i$ being 1. We study the hit problem, set up by Frank Peterson, of finding a minimal set of generators for $P_k$ as a module over the mod-$2$ Steenrod algebra, $\mathcal{A}.$ In this paper, we explicitly determine a minimal set of $\mathcal{A}$-generators for $P_5$ in the case of the degrees $n = 2^{d+1} - 1$ and $n = 2^{d+1} - 2$ for all $d \geqslant 6$.
description: 35 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1609.02250, arXiv:2103.04393 by other authors
Formalizing Human Behavior in Agent-Based Models for Sustainable Mobility Transitions
Creators: name: Schutera, Stefanie
name: Wolf, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Sustainability transitions focused on reducing emissions in key sectors are urgently needed. The transport sector is a significant example and serves as an exemplary application context in this paper. Computational models are an important tool for creating scenarios that show how numerous proposed solution strategies, such as emissions regulations and vehicle electrification, will impact the future development of transport and its emissions. Agent-based models, in particular, offer huge potential by enabling a focus on human behavior. However, adequate approaches for integrating human behavior into such models are lacking. Theory-based approaches to modeling human behavior are promising, yet standardized best practices remain to be established. To address this gap, we formalize and compare six different theories from the social sciences in the context of a large-scale agent-based model, which analyzes potential sustainability transitions in the transport sector. In doing so, we provide a comprehensive overview of the formalization process for a theory-driven approach within the context of one specific computational model, aiming to serve as a transparent resource for developing other models.
Perturbative gadgets for gate-based quantum computing: Non-recursive constructions without subspace restrictions
Creators: name: Cichy, Simon
name: Faehrmann, Paul K.
name: Khatri, Sumeet
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbative gadgets are a tool to encode part of a Hamiltonian, usually the low-energy subspace, into a different Hamiltonian with favorable properties, for instance, reduced locality. Many constructions of perturbative gadgets have been proposed over the years. Still, all of them are restricted in some ways: Either they apply to some specific classes of Hamiltonians, they involve recursion to reduce locality, or they are limited to studying time evolution under the gadget Hamiltonian, e.g., in the context of adiabatic quantum computing, and thus involve subspace restrictions. In this work, we fill the gap by introducing a versatile universal, non-recursive, non-adiabatic perturbative gadget construction without subspace restrictions, that encodes an arbitrary many-body Hamiltonian into the low-energy subspace of a three-body Hamiltonian and is therefore applicable to gate-based quantum computing. Our construction requires $rk$ additional qubits for a $k$-body Hamiltonian comprising $r$ terms. Besides a specific gadget construction, we also provide a recipe for constructing similar gadgets, which can be tailored to different properties, which we discuss.
description: Fixed typos
Module categories, internal bimodules and Tambara modules
Creators: name: Stroiński, Mateusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use the theory of Tambara modules to extend and generalize the reconstruction theorem for module categories over a rigid monoidal category to the non-rigid case. We show a biequivalence between the $2$-category of cyclic module categories over a monoidal category $\mathscr{C}$ and the bicategory of algebra and bimodule objects in the category of Tambara modules on $\mathscr{C}$. Using it, we prove that a cyclic module category can be reconstructed as the category of certain free module objects in the category of Tambara modules on $\mathscr{C}$, and give a sufficient condition for its reconstructability as module objects in $\mathscr{C}$. To that end, we extend the definition of the Cayley functor to the non-closed case, and show that Tambara modules give a proarrow equipment for $\mathscr{C}$-module categories, in which $\mathscr{C}$-module functors are characterized as $1$-morphisms admitting a right adjoint. Finally, we show that the $2$-category of all $\mathscr{C}$-module categories embeds into the $2$-category of categories enriched in Tambara modules on $\mathscr{C}$, giving an ''action via enrichment'' result.
description: 63 pages
Archiving Software Surrogates On The Web For Future Reference
Creators: name: Holzmann, Helge
name: Sperber, Wolfram
name: Runnwerth, Mila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Web archive, software

description: Software has long been established as an essential aspect of the scientific process in mathematics and other disciplines. However, reliably referencing software in scientific publications is still challenging for various reasons. A crucial factor is that software dynamics with temporal versions or states are difficult to capture over time. We propose to archive and reference surrogates instead, which can be found on the Web and reflect the actual software to a remarkable extent. Our study shows that about a half of the webpages of software are already archived with almost all of them including some kind of documentation.
Algorithmic analysis towards time-domain extended source waveform inversion
Creators: name: Yang, Pengliang
name: Zhou, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Full waveform inversion (FWI) updates the subsurface model from an initial model by comparing observed and synthetic seismograms. Due to high nonlinearity, FWI is easy to be trapped into local minima. Extended domain FWI, including wavefield reconstruction inversion (WRI) and extended source waveform inversion (ESI) are attractive options to mitigate this issue. This paper makes an in-depth analysis for FWI in the extended domain, identifying key challenges and searching for potential remedies towards practical applications. WRI and ESI are formulated within the same mathematical framework using Lagrangian-based adjoint-state method with a special focus on time-domain formulation using extended sources, while putting connections between classical FWI, WRI and ESI: both WRI and ESI can be viewed as weighted versions of classic FWI. Due to symmetric positive definite Hessian, the conjugate gradient is explored to efficiently solve the normal equation in a matrix free manner, while both time and frequency domain wave equation solvers are feasible. This study finds that the most significant challenge comes from the huge storage demand to store time-domain wavefields through iterations. To resolve this challenge, two possible workaround strategies can be considered, i.e., by extracting sparse frequencial wavefields or by considering time-domain data instead of wavefields for reducing such challenge. We suggest that these options should be explored more intensively for tractable workflows.
Unconventional topological phase transition from semimetal to insulator in SnBi2Te4: Role of anomalous thermal expansion
Creators: name: Dalui, T. K.
name: Das, B.
name: Barman, C. K.
name: Ghose, P. K.
name: Sarma, A.
name: Mahatha, S. K.
name: Diekmann, F.
name: Rossnagel, K.
name: Majumdar, S.
name: Alam, A.
name: Giri, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose SnBi2Te4 to be a novel candidate material exhibiting temperature (T) mediated transitions between rich topological phases. From a combined theoretical and experimental studies, we find that SnBi2Te4 goes from a low-T topological semimetallic phase to a high-T (room temperature) topological insulating phase via an intermediate topological metallic phase. Single crystals of SnBi2Te4 are characterized by various experimental probes including Synchrotron based X-ray diffraction, magnetoresistance, Hall effect, Seebeck coefficient, magnetization and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). X-ray diffraction data confirms an anomalous thermal expansion of the unit cell volume below 100 K, which significantly affects the bulk band structure and hence the transport properties, as confirmed by our density functional theory calculations. Simulated surface states at 15 K agree fairly well with our ARPES data and are found to be robust with varying T. This indirectly supports the experimentally observed paramagnetic singularity in the entire T-range. The proposed coexistence of rich topological phases is a rare occurrence, yet paves a fertile ground to tune various topological phases in a material driven by structural distortion.
description: pages 7, 3 figures
Quantum annealing showing an exponentially small success probability despite a constant energy gap with polynomial energy
Creators: name: Hayasaka, Hiroshi
name: Imoto, Takashi
name: Matsuzaki, Yuichiro
name: Kawabata, Shiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum annealing (QA) is a method for solving combinatorial optimization problems. We can estimate the computational time for QA using the adiabatic condition. The adiabatic condition consists of two parts: an energy gap and a transition matrix. Most past studies have focused on the relationship between the energy gap and computational time. The success probability of QA is considered to decrease exponentially owing to the exponentially decreasing energy gap at the first-order phase-transition point. In this study, through a detailed analysis of the relationship between the energy gap, transition matrix, and computational cost during QA, we propose a general method for constructing counterintuitive models wherein QA with a constant annealing time fails despite a constant energy gap, based on polynomial energy. We assume that the energy of the total Hamiltonian is at most $Θ(L)$, where $L$ is the number of qubits. In our formalism, we choose a known model that exhibits an exponentially small energy gap during QA, and modify the model by adding a specific penalty term to the Hamiltonian. In the modified model, the transition matrix in the adiabatic condition becomes exponentially large as the number of qubits increases, while the energy gap remains constant. Moreover, we achieve a quadratic speedup, for which the upper bound for improvement in the adiabatic condition is determined by the polynomial energy. As examples, we consider the adiabatic Grover search and the $p$-spin model. In these cases, with the addition of the penalty term, although the success probability of QA on the modified models becomes exponentially small despite a constant energy gap; we can achieve a success probability considerably higher than that of conventional QA. Moreover, we numerically show the scaling of the computational cost is quadratically improved compared to the conventional QA.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Deep R Programming
Creators: name: Gagolewski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep R Programming is a comprehensive and in-depth introductory course on one of the most popular languages for data science. It equips ambitious students, professionals, and researchers with the knowledge and skills to become independent users of this potent environment so that they can tackle any problem related to data wrangling and analytics, numerical computing, statistics, and machine learning. This textbook is a non-profit project. Its online and PDF versions are freely available at .
description: v1.0.1 (2024-08-27)
Comparisons between fast algorithms for the continuous wavelet transform and applications in cosmology: the 1D case
Creators: name: Wang, Yun
name: He, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is very useful for processing signals with intricate and irregular structures in astrophysics and cosmology. It is crucial to propose precise and fast algorithms for the CWT. In this work, we review and compare four different fast CWT algorithms for the 1D signals, including the FFTCWT, the V97CWT, the M02CWT, and the A19CWT. The FFTCWT algorithm implements the CWT using the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) with a computational complexity of $\mathcal{O}(N\log_2N)$ per scale. The rest algorithms achieve the complexity of $\mathcal{O}(N)$ per scale by simplifying the CWT into some smaller convolutions. We illustrate explicitly how to set the parameters as well as the boundary conditions for them. To examine the actual performance of these algorithms, we use them to perform the CWT of signals with different wavelets. From the aspect of accuracy, we find that the FFTCWT is the most accurate algorithm, though its accuracy degrades a lot when processing the non-periodic signal with zero boundaries. The accuracy of $\mathcal{O}(N)$ algorithms is robust to signals with different boundaries, and the M02CWT is more accurate than the V97CWT and A19CWT. From the aspect of speed, the $\mathcal{O}(N)$ algorithms do not show an overall speed superiority over the FFTCWT at sampling numbers of $N\lesssim10^6$, which is due to their large leading constants. Only the speed of the V97CWT with real wavelets is comparable to that of the FFTCWT. However, both the FFTCWT and V97CWT are substantially less efficient in processing the non-periodic signal because of zero padding. Finally, we conduct wavelet analysis of the 1D density fields, which demonstrate the convenience and power of techniques based on the CWT. We publicly release our CWT codes as resources for the community.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in RAS techniques and instruments
Real-time chaotic video encryption based on multithreaded parallel confusion and diffusion
Creators: name: Jiang, Dong
name: Yuan, Zhen
name: Li, Wen-xin
name: Lu, Liang-liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.3
subject: 68P25 (Primary) 68W10 (Secondary)

description: Due to the strong correlation between adjacent pixels, most image encryption schemes perform multiple rounds of confusion and diffusion to protect the image against attacks. Such operations, however, are time-consuming, cannot meet the real-time requirements of video encryption. Existing works, therefore, realize video encryption by simplifying the encryption process or encrypting specific parts of video frames, which results in lower security compared to image encryption. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a real-time chaotic video encryption strategy based on multithreaded parallel confusion and diffusion. It takes a video as the input, splits the frame into subframes, creates a set of threads to simultaneously perform five rounds of confusion and diffusion operations on corresponding subframes, and efficiently outputs the encrypted frames. The encryption speed evaluation shows that our method significantly improves the confusion and diffusion speed, realizes real-time 480x480, 576x576, and 768x768 24FPS video encryption using Intel Core i5-1135G7, Intel Core i7-8700, and Intel Xeon Gold 6226R, respectively. The statistical and security analysis prove that the deployed cryptosystems have outstanding statistical properties, can resist attacks, channel noise, and data loss. Compared with existing works, to the best of our knowledge, the proposed strategy achieves the fastest encryption speed, and realizes the first real-time chaotic video encryption that reaches the security level of image encryption. In addition, it is suitable for many confusion, diffusion algorithms and can be easily deployed with both hardware and software.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 9 tables
Harnessing Forward Multiple Scattering for Optical Imaging Deep Inside an Opaque Medium
Creators: name: Najar, Ulysse
name: Barolle, Victor
name: Balondrade, Paul
name: Fink, Mathias
name: Boccara, A. Claude
name: Aubry, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As light travels through a disordered medium such as biological tissues, it undergoes multiple scattering events. This phenomenon is detrimental to in-depth optical microscopy, as it causes a drastic degradation of contrast, resolution and brightness of the resulting image beyond a few scattering mean free paths. However, the information about the inner reflectivity of the sample is not lost; only scrambled. To recover this information, a matrix approach of optical imaging can be fruitful. Here, we report on a de-scanned measurement of a high-dimension reflection matrix R via low coherence interferometry. Then, we show how a set of independent focusing laws can be extracted for each medium voxel through an iterative multi-scale analysis of wave distortions contained in R. It enables an optimal and local compensation of forward multiple scattering paths and provides a three-dimensional confocal image of the sample as the latter one had become digitally transparent. The proof-of-concept experiment is performed on a human opaque cornea and an extension of the penetration depth by a factor five is demonstrated compared to the state-of-the-art.
description: 78 pages, 29 figures, 1 table
Partially Fault-tolerant Quantum Computing Architecture with Error-corrected Clifford Gates and Space-time Efficient Analog Rotations
Creators: name: Akahoshi, Yutaro
name: Maruyama, Kazunori
name: Oshima, Hirotaka
name: Sato, Shintaro
name: Fujii, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computers are expected to bring drastic acceleration to several computing tasks against classical computers. Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, which have tens to hundreds of noisy physical qubits, are gradually becoming available, but it is still challenging to achieve useful quantum advantages in meaningful tasks at this moment. On the other hand, the full fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) based on the quantum error correction (QEC) code remains far beyond realization due to its extremely large requirement of high-precision physical qubits. In this study, we propose a quantum computing architecture to close the gap between NISQ and FTQC. Our architecture is based on erroneous arbitrary rotation gates and error-corrected Clifford gates implemented by lattice surgery. We omit the typical distillation protocol to achieve direct analog rotations and small qubit requirements, and minimize the remnant errors of the rotations by a carefully-designed state injection protocol. Our estimation based on numerical simulations shows that, for early-FTQC devices that consist of $10^4$ physical qubits with physical error probability $p = 10^{-4}$, we can perform roughly $1.72 \times 10^7$ Clifford operations and $3.75 \times 10^4$ arbitrary rotations on 64 logical qubits. Such computations cannot be realized by the existing NISQ and FTQC architectures on the same device, as well as classical computers. We hope that our proposal and the corresponding development of quantum algorithms based on it bring new insights on realization of practical quantum computers in future.
description: 20 pages, 28 figures
Multi-scale Transformer-based Network for Emotion Recognition from Multi Physiological Signals
Creators: name: Vu, Tu
name: Huynh, Van Thong
name: Kim, Soo-Hyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents an efficient Multi-scale Transformer-based approach for the task of Emotion recognition from Physiological data, which has gained widespread attention in the research community due to the vast amount of information that can be extracted from these signals using modern sensors and machine learning techniques. Our approach involves applying a Multi-modal technique combined with scaling data to establish the relationship between internal body signals and human emotions. Additionally, we utilize Transformer and Gaussian Transformation techniques to improve signal encoding effectiveness and overall performance. Our model achieves decent results on the CASE dataset of the EPiC competition, with an RMSE score of 1.45.
Additional file 1 of Extrapolating potential crop damage by insect pests based on land use data: examining inter-regional generality in agricultural landscapes
Creators: name: Tabuchi, Ken
name: Takahashi, Akihiko
name: Uesugi, Ryuji
name: Okudera, Shigeru
name: Yoshimura, Hideto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Summary of One way Multivariate Analysis of covariance model that examined the effects of the area of land uses (source habitat, soybea n field, and rice paddy field) within a 300 m radius, regions examined, and research years on arcsine transforme d pecky rice damage. Table S2. Summary of the model coefficients ((± 95% CI) of fixed factors and t he value of the fixed intercept for the extended model’ and the original model’ (Tabuchi et al., 2017). Table S3. Summary of net sweeping surveys in selected rice paddy fields. Figure S1. Percentage of the area of (a) source habitat, (b) soybean fields and (c) rice paddy fields within a 300-m radius in each region and year. The data are represented as box plots with median values as thick lines and mean values as diamonds, showing the 25th and 75th percentiles. Whiskers extend to the most extreme data point that is no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the box. Outliers are shown as open circles. Figure S2. Arcsine-transformed percentage of pecky rice damage in each region and year. The data are represented as box plots with median values as thick lines and mean values as diamonds, showing the 25th and 75th percentiles. Whiskers extend to the most extreme data point that is no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the box. Outliers are shown as circles. Figure S3. Priority area map of potential pecky rice damage of the highest risk (upper) and the lowest risk (bottom) case with a grid layer of 300 m hexagons. Shapes in the figure indicate the studied rice paddy fields. Regions: (1) Maesawa, (2) Otomo, and (3) Semine. Figure S4. Relationship between field perimeter (m) and the area of field margin. Figure S5. Area of rice fields examined (a) and the fields investigated for land use in each region (b). The data are represented as box plots with median values as thick lines and mean values as diamonds, showing the 25th and 75th percentiles. Whiskers extend to the most extreme data point that is no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the box. Outliers are shown as open circles. Different letters above the boxes indicate a significant difference (p < 0.001) by one-way ANOVA with the Tukey–Kramer HSD test. Figure S6. Percentage of hull-cracked rice grains in each region and year. The data are represented as box plots with median values as thick lines and mean values as diamonds, showing the 25th and 75th percentiles. Whiskers extend to the most extreme data point that is no more than 1.5 times the interquartile range from the box. Outliers are shown as open circles.
Solution existence, uniqueness, and stability of discrete basis sinograms in multispectral CT
Creators: name: Gao, Yu
name: Pan, Xiaochuan
name: Chen, Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65R32, 94A08, 65F22, 65J22, 65D18

description: This work investigates conditions for quantitative image reconstruction in multispectral computed tomography (MSCT), which remains a topic of active research. In MSCT, one seeks to obtain from data the spatial distribution of linear attenuation coefficient, referred to as a virtual monochromatic image (VMI), at a given X-ray energy, within the subject imaged. As a VMI is decomposed often into a linear combination of basis images with known decomposition coefficients, the reconstruction of a VMI is thus tantamount to that of the basis images. An empirical, but highly effective, two-step data-domain-decomposition (DDD) method has been developed and used widely for quantitative image reconstruction in MSCT. In the two-step DDD method, step (1) estimates the so-called basis sinogram from data through solving a nonlinear transform, whereas step (2) reconstructs basis images from their basis sinograms estimated. Subsequently, a VMI can readily be obtained from the linear combination of basis images reconstructed. As step (2) involves the inversion of a straightforward linear system, step (1) is the key component of the DDD method in which a nonlinear system needs to be inverted for estimating the basis sinograms from data. In this work, we consider a {\it discrete} form of the nonlinear system in step (1), and then carry out theoretical and numerical analyses of conditions on the existence, uniqueness, and stability of a solution to the discrete nonlinear system for accurately estimating the discrete basis sinograms, leading to quantitative reconstruction of VMIs in MSCT.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 1 of An unexpected transition to virtual care: family medicine residents’ experience during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Smith, Neale
name: Newton, Christie
name: Barbacuta, Demetra
name: Tseng, Olivia Ling-I
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Consent form for study participants.
National Teacher Survey
Creators: name: Conway, Sheila J.
name: Morris, Jared R.
name: Swanson, Elizabeth
name: Stinchcomb, Heidi R.
name: Cook, Bryan G.
name: Wong, Vivian C
name: Juergensen, Rachel L.
name: Gersib, Jenna
name: Murnan, Reagan
name: Smith, Cassandra M.
name: Solis, Michael
name: Eunsoo Choo
name: Taylor, Mary Christina Markley
name: Sarmiento, Cherish M.
name: Brame, Priscilla B.
name: Liu, Qing
name: Lembke, Erica
name: Goncalvez, Bruna
name: R. Alex Smith
name: Dunn, Michael W.
name: Moody, Amelia
name: Faggella-Luby, Michael N.
name: Chiu, Jennifer L.
name: Budin, Shannon
name: Chen, Ling
name: Therrien, William
name: Doabler, Christian
name: Kiuhara, Sharlene A.
name: Jimenez, Zaira
name: Davis, Kimberley M.
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2023

description: This page details the National Teacher Survey that is being conducted ahead of the larger observation study.
Equality in the Miyaoka-Yau inequality and uniformization of non-positively curved klt pairs
Creators: name: Claudon, Benoît
name: Graf, Patrick
name: Guenancia, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $(X, Δ)$ be a compact Kähler klt pair, where $K_X + Δ$ is ample or numerically trivial, and $Δ$ has standard coefficients. We show that if equality holds in the orbifold Miyaoka-Yau inequality for $(X, Δ)$, then its orbifold universal cover is either the unit ball (ample case) or the affine space (numerically trivial case).
Additional file 1 of Bedside rationing and moral distress in nephrologists in sub- Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Ashuntantang, Gloria
name: Miljeteig, Ingrid
name: Luyckx, Valerie A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Denominator vectors and dimension vectors from triangulated surfaces
Creators: name: Yurikusa, Toshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F60, 16G20

description: In a categorification of skew-symmetric cluster algebras, each cluster variable corresponds with an indecomposable module over the associated Jacobian algebra. Buan, Marsh and Reiten studied when the denominator vector of each cluster variable in an acyclic cluster algebra coincides with the dimension vector of the corresponding module. In this paper, we give analogues of their results for cluster algebras from triangulated surfaces by comparing two kinds of intersection numbers of tagged arcs.
description: 20 pages, v2: minor corrections
Suplementar Material Morales-Silva et a. 2024 Entomological Communications
Creators: name: Morales Silva, Tiago
name: Corrêa-Silva, Bruna
name: Faria, Lucas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310302
subject: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)
classificationCode: 310308
subject: Terrestrial ecology

description: The data presented here are methodological details and complementary results of the article "Lead bioaccumulation in herbivorous insects and parasitoids reared on plants grown in lead-contaminated soil under field conditions" published in the journal Entomological Communications.
Trait irritability in early psychosis: impact on perceived frustration during fMRI response inhibition task
Creators: name: Patel, Pooja K.
name: Ashby, Stefania R.
name: Ana-Maria Iosif
name: Lesh, Tyler A.
name: Niendam, Tara A.
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Trait irritability (TI), defined as heightened reactivity to aversive stimuli, has not been studied extensively in early psychosis (EP), despite evidence suggesting its association with conduct problems and aggression. Given the prevalence of emotion dysregulation in EP, TI’s relationship to affective experience is particularly relevant. In this study, we measured TI using the Affectivity Reactivity Index in a sample of 17 EP participants and 10 healthy control participants. A modified stop signal task was used during fMRI to examine individuals’ ability to inhibit behavioral responses under high versus low cognitive control conditions.  Participants were asked to report frustration ratings throughout the task.

We hypothesized that 1) greater TI is associated with the pattern of frustration across the task, 2) greater TI is associated with shorter Change Signal Delay (CSD) values, the performance metric for the modified Stop Signal task, indicating worse tolerance of delay, and 3) greater TI is associated with disrupted prefrontal functioning under high cognitive control conditions, based on previous literature suggesting BA9 activation during response inhibition tasks.

High Irritability EP participants reported high frustration across low and high cognitive control demands, and demonstrated shorter CSDs relative to Low Irritability EP. High Irritability EP participants did not show the expected pattern of increased prefrontal activation (BA9) in response to high cognitive control demands. These findings suggest that TI may represent an underlying factor that disrupts effective modulation of cognitive control in the presence of increasing task demands. Interventions targeting TI may impact cognition, and therefore functional outcome, in EP individuals.
Additional file 2 of Bedside rationing and moral distress in nephrologists in sub- Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Ashuntantang, Gloria
name: Miljeteig, Ingrid
name: Luyckx, Valerie A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Fig. 1. Average age group (years) of patients seen by survey respondents. Proportion of respondents reporting the frequency with which they saw patients with AKI or ESKD and their age distributions over the prior 2 years (n = 39 responses). Supplementary Fig. 2. Concerns regarding access to medication and laboratory testing. Proportion of respondents reporting the frequency with which they experienced limitations in access to medication or laboratory testing due to cost or availability over the prior 2 years(n = 39 responses). Supplementary Fig. 3. Factors influencing decision-making regarding dailysis allocation. Proportion of respondents reporting the frequency with which various patient-related factors impact the decision to provide, or access to, dialysis over the prior 2 years(n = 39 responses). Supplementary Fig. 4. Sources of payment for dialysis. Proportion of respondents reporting the frequency of types of financial coverage for dialysis over the prior 2 years(n = 39 responses).
Electromagnetic Modelling and AC-Losses of SuperconductingPower Cables
Creators: name: L. Clegg, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2025

description: Superconductivity, a phenomenon once regarded as a scientific enigma, has evolved into a cornerstone of modern electromagnetic innovation. This part of the thesis covers the initial curiosity that led to its discovery in 1911 and introduces the fundamentals of superconductivity, exploring their macroscopic properties and the notable recognition of type-I and type-II variants. This section further examines the development of high-temperature superconductors and their respective electromagnetic behaviours, highlighting their key applications in chapter 1.1 and chapter 1.2, which discuss superconducting cables such as Roebel cables, helicoidally wound cables (also known as Conductor on a Rounded Core or CORC®), and twisted-stacked tape cables (TSTC). These are analysed in terms of their design, functionality, and practical applications within the power transmission and fusion energy sectors. The concept of AC-losses is thoroughly detailed, including how these losses are experimentally observed and how Maxwell’s equations are applied to describe and predict the behaviour of superconducting phenomena within chapter 1.3. The overarching aims of the thesis are presented in chapter 1.4, providing a contextual framework for the discussions throughout the thesis. With the foundational knowledge established in chapter 1, chapter 2 builds on these principles to provide a comprehensive explanation of the macroscopic electromagnetic modelling of superconductors using the widely adopted H-formulation. This thorough introduction lays the groundwork for the subsequent parts of the thesis, which will delve deeper into the electromagnetic modelling and AC-losses of these advanced superconducting power cables.
title: Networks of Dissent
title: Social Leaders and Protest in an Autocracy
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Buggle, Johannes
name: Deter, Max
name: Lange, Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: This paper examines how network ties between local social leaders influenced the diffusion of mass protests in an autocracy. We focus on the Protestant Church and the Peaceful Revolution in East Germany. To quantify the role of leader networks in protest diffusion, we compile biographical records of over 1,600 Protestant pastors, including their employment and education histories. Our findings reveal that network connections led to an increase in protest diffusion by up to 4.9 percentage points in a given week. Moreover, we highlight the importance of network centrality, pastors as information bridges, and the interaction with preexisting grievances and repression.
description: CEPA Discussion Papers; 87
Intact emotion processing in the context of reduced prefrontal engagement
Creators: name: Skymba, Haley
name: Lesh, Tyler A.
name: Kring, Ann
name: Luck, Steven J.
name: Mangun, George R.
name: Niendam, Tara
name: J. Daniel Ragland
name: Ranganath, Charan
name: Solomon, Marjorie
name: Swaab, Tamara
name: Carter, Cameron S.
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Anhedonia is a well-documented feature of schizophrenia. Despite this, recent work has shown that emotional stimuli can elicit similar responses in limbic networks in people with and without schizophrenia (Ursu et al., 2011). Consequently, the neural correlates of anhedonia may be more associated with prefrontally-associated deficits. To further investigate this relationship, individuals with recent onset schizophrenia (n=28) and healthy controls (n=36) participated in an fMRI paradigm designed to elicit and maintain pleasant and unpleasant emotions in the face of distraction. All data were collected on a 3T Siemens Trio scanner and processed using SPM8. fMRI analyses were height thresholded at p
Meta-TMP: A generalized pipeline for meta-genomic data analysis
Creators: name: Shaojun Yu
name: Pengshuo Yang
name: Maozhen Han
name: Ning, Kang
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Trans-Meta Pipeline (Meta-TMP), enables several advanced functionalities, including modulation of the analytical units, multi algorithms for quantifying species-species co-existence relationships, and additional modules for network analysis and visualization, etc. Meta-TMP aims to be a comprehensive, powerful and flexible software package that allows users to analyze meta-genome.