cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multipole Expansion in the Quantum Hall Effect
Creators: name: Cappelli, Andrea
name: Randellini, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective action for low-energy excitations of Laughlin's states is obtained by systematic expansion in inverse powers of the magnetic field. It is based on the W-infinity symmetry of quantum incompressible fluids and the associated higher-spin fields. Besides reproducing the Wen and Wen-Zee actions and the Hall viscosity, this approach further indicates that the low-energy excitations are extended objects with dipolar and multipolar moments.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures; v2: comments and references added
Nonlinear feedforward enabling quantum computation
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Atsushi
name: Konno, Shunya
name: Hanamura, Fumiya
name: Asavanant, Warit
name: Takase, Kan
name: Ogawa, Hisashi
name: Marek, Petr
name: Filip, Radim
name: Yoshikawa, Jun-ichi
name: Huntington, Elanor
name: Yonezawa, Hidehiro
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement-based quantum computation with optical time-domain multiplexing is a promising method to realize a quantum computer from the viewpoint of scalability. Fault tolerance and universality are also realizable by preparing appropriate resource quantum states and electro-optical feedforward that is altered based on measurement results. While a linear feedforward has been realized and become a common experimental technique, nonlinear feedforward was unrealized until now. In this paper, we demonstrate that a fast and flexible nonlinear feedforward realizes the essential measurement required for fault-tolerant and universal quantum computation. Using non-Gaussian ancillary states we observed 10$\%$ reduction of the measurement excess noise relative to classical vacuum ancilla.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures
Spatial Microsimulation and Activity Allocation for Examining COVID-19 Vaccine Access Profiles
Creators: name: Gaboardi, James David
name: Tuccillo, Joseph Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Spatial Microsimulation and Activity Allocation for Examining COVID-19 Vaccine Access Profiles James Gaboardi and Joseph Tuccillo A key challenge during the initial distribution of COVID-19 vaccines in the United States early 2021 was equitable access. Here, we explore this issue relative to how patterns of life and differences in individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status affected these access disparities using Likeness, a spatial microsimulation toolkit. This toolkit enables the synthesis of highly attributed individual agents based on the American Community Survey’s (ACS) Public-Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) that are allocated to daytime activity spaces while considering network location. Here, we create synthetic populations from the 2020 ACS PUMS 5-year estimates then simulate commutes for food service workers before evaluating potential access to vaccination sites from home and work locations, as well as along workers’ optimal commute routes. Using these results, we generate access profiles that can be interpreted through socioeconomic characteristics. The Lincoln, Nebraska Metropolitan Statistical Area has served as a testbed for this work for its (1) compactness and isolation, (2) mixed urban and rural populations, and (3) availability of multiple modes of commuting data. Results from a preliminary simulation experiment suggest that bicycle and vehicle-based commutes, particularly in downtown areas and along major commercial corridors, experienced overall better access to COVID-19 healthcare services than public transit and walking commutes. In this study, we expand our focus across multiple simulations to further explore healthcare access disparities. Future analyses of accessibility, equity, and public health interventions are planned that will build on the Likeness toolkit in increasingly larger and more diverse metropolitan areas. Copyright: This manuscript has been authored by UT-Battelle, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan (http://energy.gov/downloads/doe-public-access-plan). Acknowledgement: This material is based upon the work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725.
The physical structure of radio galaxies explored with three-dimensional simulations
Creators: name: Donohoe, Justin
name: Smith, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a large systematic study of hydrodynamic simulations of supersonic adiabatic jets in three dimensions to provide a definitive set of results on exploring jet density, Mach number and precession angle as variables. We restrict the set-up to non-relativistic pressure-equilibrium flows into a homogeneous environment. We first focus on the distribution and evolution of physical parameters associated with radio galaxies. We find that the jet density has limited influence on the structure for a given jet Mach number. The speed of advance varies by a small factor for jet densities between 0.1 and 0.0001 of the ambient density while the cocoon and cavity evolution change from narrow pressure balanced to wide over-pressure as the ratio falls. We also find that the fraction of energy transferred to the ambient medium increases with decreasing jet-ambient density ratio, reaching approx 80%. This energy is predominantly in thermal energy with almost all the remainder in ambient kinetic form. The total energy remaining in the lobe is typically under 5\%. We find that radio galaxies with wide transverse cocoons can be generated through slow precession at low Mach numbers. We explore a slow precession model in which the jet direction changes very slowly relative to the jet flow dynamical time. This reveals two separated bow shocks propagating into the ambient medium, one associated with the entire lobe expansion and the other with the immediate impact zone. The lobes generated are generally consistent with observations, displaying straight jets but asymmetric lobes.
description: 17 pages, 20 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Learning to Predict Gradients for Semi-Supervised Continual Learning
Creators: name: Luo, Yan
name: Wong, Yongkang
name: Kankanhalli, Mohan
name: Zhao, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A key challenge for machine intelligence is to learn new visual concepts without forgetting the previously acquired knowledge. Continual learning is aimed towards addressing this challenge. However, there is a gap between existing supervised continual learning and human-like intelligence, where human is able to learn from both labeled and unlabeled data. How unlabeled data affects learning and catastrophic forgetting in the continual learning process remains unknown. To explore these issues, we formulate a new semi-supervised continual learning method, which can be generically applied to existing continual learning models. Specifically, a novel gradient learner learns from labeled data to predict gradients on unlabeled data. Hence, the unlabeled data could fit into the supervised continual learning method. Different from conventional semi-supervised settings, we do not hypothesize that the underlying classes, which are associated to the unlabeled data, are known to the learning process. In other words, the unlabeled data could be very distinct from the labeled data. We evaluate the proposed method on mainstream continual learning, adversarial continual learning, and semi-supervised learning tasks. The proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance on classification accuracy and backward transfer in the continual learning setting while achieving desired performance on classification accuracy in the semi-supervised learning setting. This implies that the unlabeled images can enhance the generalizability of continual learning models on the predictive ability on unseen data and significantly alleviate catastrophic forgetting. The code is available at \url{https://github.com/luoyan407/grad_prediction.git}.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (TNNLS)
Spin-current driven Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in the multiferroic BiFeO3 from first-principles
Creators: name: Meyer, Sebastian
name: Xu, Bin
name: Verstraete, Matthieu
name: Bellaiche, Laurent
name: Dupé, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrical control of magnons opens up new ways to transport and process information for logic devices. In magnetoelectrical multiferroics, the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction directly allow for such a control and, hence, is of major importance. We determine the origin and the strength of the (converse) spin current DM interaction in the R3c bulk phase of the multiferroic BiFeO3 based on density functional theory. Our data supports only the existence of one DM interaction contribution originating from the spin current model. By exploring then magnon dispersion in the full Brillouin Zone, we show that the exchange is isotropic, but the DM interaction and anisotropy prefer any propagation and any magnetization direction within the full (111) plane. Our work emphasizes the significance of the asymmetric potential induced by the spin current over the structural asymmetry induced by the anionic octahedron in multiferroics such as BiFeO3.
Electronic Scattering Effects in Europium-Based Iron Pnictides
Creators: name: Zapf, S.
name: Neubauer, D.
name: Post, K. W.
name: Kadau, A.
name: Merz, J.
name: Clauss, C.
name: Löhle, A.
name: Jeevan, H. S.
name: Gegenwart, P.
name: Basov, D. N.
name: Dressel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a comprehensive study, we investigate the electronic scattering effects in EuFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_{2}$ by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. In spite of the fact that Eu$^{2+}$ local moments order around $T_\text{Eu} \approx 20$\,K, the overall optical response is strikingly similar to the one of the well-known Ba-122 pnictides. The main difference lies within the suppression of the lower spin-density-wave gap feature. By analysing our spectra with a multi-component model, we find that the high-energy feature around 0.7\,eV -- often associated with Hund's rule coupling -- is highly sensitive to the spin-density-wave ordering, this further confirms its direct relationship to the dynamics of itinerant carriers. The same model is also used to investigate the in-plane anisotropy of magnetically detwinned EuFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ in the antiferromagnetically ordered state, yielding a higher Drude weight and lower scattering rate along the crystallographic $a$-axis. Finally, we analyse the development of the room temperature spectra with isovalent phosphor substitution and highlight changes in the scattering rate of hole-like carriers induced by a Lifshitz transition.
Genomics Data Analysis via Spectral Shape and Topology
Creators: name: Amézquita, Erik J.
name: Nasrin, Farzana
name: Storey, Kathleen M.
name: Yoshizawa, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mapper, a topological algorithm, is frequently used as an exploratory tool to build a graphical representation of data. This representation can help to gain a better understanding of the intrinsic shape of high-dimensional genomic data and to retain information that may be lost using standard dimension-reduction algorithms. We propose a novel workflow to process and analyze RNA-seq data from tumor and healthy subjects integrating Mapper and differential gene expression. Precisely, we show that a Gaussian mixture approximation method can be used to produce graphical structures that successfully separate tumor and healthy subjects, and produce two subgroups of tumor subjects. A further analysis using DESeq2, a popular tool for the detection of differentially expressed genes, shows that these two subgroups of tumor cells bear two distinct gene regulations, suggesting two discrete paths for forming lung cancer, which could not be highlighted by other popular clustering methods, including t-SNE. Although Mapper shows promise in analyzing high-dimensional data, building tools to statistically analyze Mapper graphical structures is limited in the existing literature. In this paper, we develop a scoring method using heat kernel signatures that provides an empirical setting for statistical inferences such as hypothesis testing, sensitivity analysis, and correlation analysis.
description: 21 pages and 10 figures
Parameter Transfer for Quantum Approximate Optimization of Weighted MaxCut
Creators: name: Shaydulin, Ruslan
name: Lotshaw, Phillip C.
name: Larson, Jeffrey
name: Ostrowski, James
name: Humble, Travis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding high-quality parameters is a central obstacle to using the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). Previous work partially addresses this issue for QAOA on unweighted MaxCut problems by leveraging similarities in the objective landscape among different problem instances. However, we show that the more general weighted MaxCut problem has significantly modified objective landscapes, with a proliferation of poor local optima. Our main contribution is a simple rescaling scheme that overcomes these deleterious effects of weights. We show that for a given QAOA depth, a single "typical" vector of QAOA parameters can be successfully transferred to weighted MaxCut instances. This transfer leads to a median decrease in the approximation ratio of only 2.0 percentage points relative to a considerably more expensive direct optimization on a dataset of 34,701 instances with up to 20 nodes and multiple weight distributions. This decrease can be reduced to 1.2 percentage points at the cost of only 10 additional QAOA circuit evaluations with parameters sampled from a pretrained metadistribution, or the transferred parameters can be used as a starting point for a single local optimization run to obtain approximation ratios equivalent to those achieved by exhaustive optimization in $96.35\%$ of our cases.
The Health and Wellbeing Implications of Economic Shocks
Creators: name: Abayasekara, Ashani Ranmalie
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 380199
subject: Applied economics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 380108
subject: Health economics
classificationCode: 380111
subject: Labour economics

description: This thesis investigates the complex relationship between economic events and individual wellbeing in Australia, illustrating how economic disruption can impact people's health and economic stability. Using pre-existing survey and administrative data, and unique information from a newly collected survey, it demonstrates that economic adversity reduces self-assessed wellbeing, health, and economic security. It also highlights that responses to economic changes are shaped by individual circumstances—such as mental health and economic position—which influence how economic signals are perceived and acted upon. These findings are important for developing policies that foster resilience and equitable wellbeing outcomes amid economic change.
Twin Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Farina, Marco
name: Monteux, Angelo
name: Shin, Chang Sub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of Twin Higgs models, we study a simple mechanism that simultaneously generates asymmetries in the dark and visible sector through the out-of-equilibrium decay of a TeV scale particle charged under a combination of baryon and twin baryon number. We predict the dark matter to be a 5 GeV twin baryon, which is easy to achieve because of the similarity between the two confinement scales. Dark matter is metastable and can decay to three quarks, yielding indirect detection signatures. The mechanism requires the introduction of a new colored particle, typically within the reach of the LHC, of which we study the rich collider phenomenology, including prompt and displaced dijets, multi-jets, monojets and monotops.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures
Larmor Temperature, Casimir Dynamics, and Planck's Law
Creators: name: Ievlev, Evgenii
name: Good, Michael R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical radiation from a single relativistically accelerating electron is investigated where the temperature characterizing the system highlights the dependence on acceleration. In the context of the dynamic Casimir effect with Planck-distributed photons and thermal black hole evaporation, we demonstrate analytic consistency between the ideas of constant acceleration and equilibrium thermal radiation. For ultra-relativistic speeds, we demonstrate a long-lasting constant peel acceleration and constant power emission, which is consistent with the idea of balanced equilibrium of Planck-distributed particle radiation.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; resubmission after major revision
$Z_2$ antiferromagnetic topological insulators with broken $C_4$ symmetry
Creators: name: Bègue, Frédéric
name: Pujol, Pierre
name: Ramazashvili, Revaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional topological insulator may arise in a centrosymmetric commensurate Néel antiferromagnet (AF), where staggered magnetization breaks both the elementary translation and time reversal, but retains their product as a symmetry. Fang et al.[Phys. Rev. B 88, 085406 (2013)] proposed an expression for a $Z_2$ topological invariant to characterize such systems. Here, we show that this expression does not allow to detect all the existing phases if a certain lattice symmetry is lacking. We implement numerical techniques to diagnose topological phases of a toy Hamiltonian, and verify our results by computing the Chern numbers of degenerate bands, and also by explicitly constructing the edge states, thus illustrating the efficiency of the method.
Unconventional Magnetism and Band Gap Formation in LiFePO4: Consequence of Polyanion Induced Non-planarity
Creators: name: Jena, Ajit
name: Nanda, B. R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxygen plays a critical role in strongly correlated transition metal oxides as crystal field effect is one of the key factors that determine the degree of localization of the valence d/f states. Based on the localization, a set of conventional mechanisms such as Mott-Hubbard, Charge-transfer and Slater were formulated to explain the antiferromagnetic and insulating (AFI) phenomena in many of these correlated systems. From the case study on LiFePO4, through density-functional calculations, we demonstrate that none of these mechanisms are strictly applicable to explain the AFI behavior when the transition metal oxides have polyanions such as (PO4)3-. The symmetry-lowering of the metal-oxygen complex, to stabilize the polyanion, creates an asymmetric crystal field for d/f states. In LiFePO4 this field creates completely non-degenerate Fe-d states which, with negligible p-d and d-d covalent interactions, become atomically localized to ensure a gap at the Fermi level. Due to large exchange splitting, high spin state is favored and an antiferromagnetic configuration is stabilized. For the prototype LiFePO4, independent electron approximation is good enough to obtain the AFI ground state. Inclusion of additional correlation measures like Hubbard U simply amplifies the gap and therefore LiFePO4 can be preferably called as weakly coupled Mott insulator.
description: Sci. Rep. 6, 19573
Hybrid s-wave superconductivity in CrB$_2$
Creators: name: Biswas, Sananda
name: Kreisel, Andreas
name: Valadkhani, Adrian
name: Dürrnagel, Matteo
name: Schwemmer, Tilman
name: Thomale, Ronny
name: Valentí, Roser
name: Mazin, Igor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a metal with multiple Fermi pockets, the formation of s-wave superconductivity can be conventional due to electron-phonon coupling or unconventional due to spin fluctuations. We analyze the hexagonal diboride CrB$_2$, which is an itinerant antiferromagnet at ambient conditions and turns superconducting upon increasing pressure. While the high pressure behavior of T$_c$ suggests conventional s-wave pairing, we find that spin fluctuations promoting unconventional s-wave pairing become important in the vicinity of the antiferromagnetic dome. As the symmetry class of the s-wave state is independent of its underlying mechanism, we argue that CrB$_2$ is a realization of a hybrid s-wave superconductor where unconventional and conventional s-wave mechanisms team up to form a joint superconducting dome.
Detection of emission lines from z ~ 3 DLAs towards the QSO J2358+0149
Creators: name: Srianand, Raghunathan
name: Hussain, Tanvir
name: Noterdaeme, Pasquier
name: Petitjean, Patrick
name: Krühler, Thomas
name: Japelj, Jure
name: Pâris, Isabelle
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using VLT/X-shooter we searched for emission line galaxies associated to four damped Lyman-$α$ systems (DLAs) and one sub-DLA at 2.73<=z<=3.25 towards QSO J2358+0149. We detect [O III] emission from a "low-cool" DLA at z_abs = 2.9791 (having log N(HI)=21.69+\-0.10, [Zn/H] = -1.83+\-0.18) at an impact parameter of, $ρ$ ~12 kpc. The associated galaxy is compact with a dynamical mass of (1-6)x10^9 M_solar, very high excitation ([O III]/[O II] and [O III]/[H$β$] both greater than 10), 12+[O/H]<=8.5 and moderate star formation rate (SFR <=2 M_solar yr^{-1}). Such properties are typically seen in the low-z extreme blue compact dwarf galaxies. The kinematics of the gas is inconsistent with that of an extended disk and the gas is part of either a large scale wind or cold accretion. We detect Ly$α$ emission from the z_abs = 3.2477 DLA (having log N(HI)=21.12+\-0.10 and [Zn/H]=-0.97+\-0.13).The Ly$α$ emission is redshifted with respect to the metal absorption lines by 320 km s^{-1}, consistent with the location of the red hump expected in radiative transport models. We derive SFR ~0.2-1.7 M_solar yr^{-1} and Ly$α$ escape fraction of >=10 per cent. No other emission line is detected from this system. Because the DLA has a small velocity separation from the quasar (~500 km s^{-1}) and the DLA emission is located within a small projected distance ($ρ<5$ kpc), we also explore the possibility that the Ly$α$ emission is being induced by the QSO itself. QSO induced Ly$α$ fluorescence is possible if the DLA is within a physical separation of 340 kpc to the QSO. Detection of stellar continuum light and/or the oxygen emission lines would disfavor this possibility. We do not detect any emission line from the remaining three systems.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables (3 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables in Appendix). Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Hansonia pauli Masner & Garcia 2002
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Hansonia
Hansonia pauli

description: Hansonia pauli Masner & García, 2002: 82, fig. 57.
Valid name
Hansonia pauli Masner & García, 2002.
Summary of types
Paratype ♀.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 83, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Monodromy dependence and symplectic geometry of isomonodromic tau functions on the torus
Creators: name: Del Monte, Fabrizio
name: Desiraju, Harini
name: Gavrylenko, Pavlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the monodromy dependence of the isomonodromic tau function on a torus with $n$ Fuchsian singularities and $SL(N)$ residue matrices by using its explicit Fredholm determinant representation. We show that the exterior logarithmic derivative of the tau function defines a closed one-form on the space of monodromies and times, and identify it with the generating function of the monodromy symplectomorphism. As an illustrative example, we discuss the simplest case of the one-punctured torus in detail. Finally, we show that previous results obtained in the genus zero case can be recovered in a straightforward manner using the techniques presented here.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
Gravitational Regge bounds
Creators: name: Häring, Kelian
name: Zhiboedov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the basic assumptions and spell out the detailed arguments that lead to the bound on the Regge growth of gravitational scattering amplitudes. The minimal extra ingredient compared to the gapped case - in addition to unitarity, analyticity, subexponentiality, and crossing - is the assumption that scattering at large impact parameters is controlled by known semi-classical physics. We bound the Regge growth of amplitudes both with the fixed transferred momentum and smeared over it. Our basic conclusion is that gravitational scattering amplitudes admit dispersion relations with two subtractions. For a sub-class of smeared amplitudes, black hole formation reduces the number of subtractions to one. Finally, using dispersion relations with two subtractions we derive bounds on the local growth of relativistic scattering amplitudes. Schematically, the local bound states that the amplitude cannot grow faster than $s^2$.
description: 17 pages + appendices, 9 figures ; v2: minor typos and corrections
Potential of mean force and transient states in polyelectrolyte complexation
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao
name: Kanduč, Matej
name: Wu, Jianzhong
name: Dzubiella, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The association between polyelectrolytes (PEs) of the same size but opposite charge is systematically studied in terms of the potential of mean force (PMF) along their center-of-mass reaction coordinate via coarse-grained, implicit-solvent, explicit-salt computer simulations. The focus is set on the onset and the intermediate, transient stages of complexation. At conditions above the counterion-condensation threshold, the PE association process exhibits a distinct sliding-rod-like behavior where the polymer chains approach each other by first stretching out at a critical distance close to their contour length, then 'shaking hand' and sliding along each other in a parallel fashion, before eventually folding into a neutral complex. The essential part of the PMF for highly charged PEs can be very well described by a simple theory based on sliding charged `Debye--Hückel' rods with renormalized charges in addition to an explicit entropy contribution owing to the release of condensed counterions. Interestingly, at the onset of complex formation, the mean force between the PE chains is found to be discontinuous, reflecting a bimodal structural behavior that arises from the coexistence of interconnected-rod and isolated-coil states. These two microstates of the PE complex are balanced by subtle counterion release effects and separated by a free-energy barrier due to unfavorable stretching entropy.
title: Общественная психика и социальный порядок. Т. 3. Общественные эмоции как фактор социального порядка
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2024

description: Книга «Общественные эмоции как фактор социального порядка» посвящена анализу проблем, связанных с влиянием на социальный порядок эмоциональной сферы общества. Подробно рассматриваются такие общественные эмоции, как доверие, солидарность, ксенофобия. Издание представляет интерес для специалистов в области социологии, экономики, психологии и в целом для широкого круга исследователей гуманитарных отраслей знания, в частности философов, культурологов, политологов. Будет полезно для студентов старших курсов высших учебных заведений.
Integrated Photonic Tensor Processing Unit for a Matrix Multiply: a Review
Creators: name: Peserico, Nicola
name: Shastri, Bhavin J.
name: Sorger, Volker J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The explosion of artificial intelligence and machine-learning algorithms, connected to the exponential growth of the exchanged data, is driving a search for novel application-specific hardware accelerators. Among the many, the photonics field appears to be in the perfect spotlight for this global data explosion, thanks to its almost infinite bandwidth capacity associated with limited energy consumption. In this review, we will overview the major advantages that photonics has over electronics for hardware accelerators, followed by a comparison between the major architectures implemented on Photonics Integrated Circuits (PIC) for both the linear and nonlinear parts of Neural Networks. By the end, we will highlight the main driving forces for the next generation of photonic accelerators, as well as the main limits that must be overcome.
Asymptotic of the maximal displacement in a branching random walk
Creators: name: Mallein, Bastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we study the maximal displacement in a branching random walk. We prove that its asymptotic behaviour consists in a first almost sure ballistic term, a negative logarithmic correction in probability and stochastically bounded fluctuations. This result, proved by Addario-Berry and Reed, and Hu and Shi is given here under close-to-optimal integrability conditions. We provide simple proofs for this result, also deducing the genealogical structure of the individuals that are close to the maximal displacement.
VEG-ADAPT Practice Abstracts
Creators: name: Savvas, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: climate change
horticulture
Mediterranean

description: The PRIMA project VEG-ADAPT issued 22 Practice Abstracts (PAs) following EIT Agri guidelines. The PAs are collected in Deliverable 6.5 of the project.
description: Developed by the PRIMA project VEG-ADAPT ('Adap>ng Mediterranean vegetable crops to climate change-induced mul>ple stress'), supported by PRIMA – Partnership for Research and Innova>on in the Mediterranean Area, a program supported by the European Union.
Percolation induced gel-gel phase separation in a dilute polymer network
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Shohei
name: Iwanaga, Yasuhide
name: Uneyama, Takashi
name: Li, Xiang
name: Hojo, Hironori
name: Fujinaga, Ikuo
name: Katashima, Takuya
name: Saito, Taku
name: Chung, Ungil
name: Sakumichi, Naoyuki
name: Sakai, Takamasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic large-scale structures, animal flocks, and living tissues are non-equilibrium organized systems created by dissipative processes. Despite the uniqueness, the realization of dissipative structures is still difficult. Herein, we report that a network formation process in a dilute system is a dissipative process, leading to percolation induced gel-gel phase separation (GGPS) in a prominent miscible polymer-water system. The dilute system, which forms a monophase structure at the percolation threshold, eventually separates into two gel phases in a longer time scale as the network formation progresses. The dilute hydrogel with GGPS exhibits an unexpected mesoscale co-continuous structure and induces adipose growth in subcutaneous. The formation mechanism of GGPS and a cosmic large-scale structure is analogous, in terms of attractive interactions in a diluted system driving phase separation. This unique phenomenon unveils the possibility of dissipative structures enabling advanced functionalities and will stimulate research fields related to dissipative structures.
description: 23+5 pages, 4+4 figures
Dynamical simulations of carotenoid photoexcited states using density matrix renormalization group techniques
Creators: name: Manawadu, Dilhan
name: Valentine, Darren J.
name: Barford, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dynamical simulation scheme to model the highly correlated excited state dynamics of linear polyenes. We apply it to investigate the internal conversion processes of carotenoids following their photoexcitation. We use the extended Hubbard-Peierls model, $\hat{H}_{\textrm{UVP}}$, to describe the $π$-electronic system coupled to nuclear degrees of freedom supplemented by a Hamiltonian, $\hat{H}_ε$, that explicitly breaks both the particle-hole and two-fold rotation symmetries of idealized carotenoids. The electronic degrees of freedom are treated quantum mechanically by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation using the adaptive time-dependent DMRG (tDMRG) method, while nuclear dynamics are treated via the Ehrenfest equations of motion. By defining adiabatic excited states as the eigenstates of the full Hamiltonian, $\hat{H}=\hat{H}_{\textrm{UVP}}+\hat{H}_ε$, and diabatic excited states as eigenstates of $\hat{H}_{\textrm{UVP}}$, we present a computational framework to monitor the internal conversion process from the initial photoexcited state to the singlet triplet-pair states of carotenoids. We further incorporate Lanczos-DMRG to the tDMRG-Ehrenfest method to calculate transient absorption spectra from the evolving photoexcited state. We describe the accuracy and convergence criteria for DMRG, and show that this method accurately describes the dynamics of carotenoid excited states. We also discuss the effect of $\hat{H}_ε$ on the internal conversion process, and show that its effect on the extent of internal conversion can be described by a Landau-Zener-type transition. This methodological paper is a companion to our more explanatory discussion of carotenoid excited state dynamics in, $\textit{Photoexcited state dynamics and singlet fission in carotenoids}$, D. Manawadu, T. N. Georges and W. Barford, $\textit{J. Phys. Chem. A}$ (2023).
description: 47 pages, 11 figures
Hidden correlations in indivisible qudits as a resource for quantum technologies on examples of superconducting circuits
Creators: name: Man'ko, Margarita A
name: Man'ko, Vladimir I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the density-matrix states of noncomposite qudit systems satisfy entropic and information relations like the subadditivity condition, strong subadditivity condition, and Araki--Lieb inequality, which characterize hidden quantum correlations of observables associated with these indivisible systems. We derive these relations employing a specific map of the entropic inequalities known for density matrices of multiqudit systems to the inequalities for density matrices of single-qudit systems. We present the obtained relations in the form of mathematical inequalities for arbitrary Hermitian NxN-matrices. We consider examples of superconducting qubits and qudits. We discuss the hidden correlations in single-qudit states as a new resource for quantum technologies analogous to the known resource in correlations associated with the entanglement in multiqudit systems.
description: 12 pages, 0 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics Conference Series as contribution to Proceedings of the conference Quantum Fest 2015, October 19-23, Estado de M\'exico
Statistically determined dispersion relations of magnetic field fluctuations in the terrestrial foreshock
Creators: name: Hnat, B.
name: O'Connell, D.
name: Nakariakov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain dispersion relations of magnetic field fluctuations for two crossings of the terrestrial foreshock by Cluster spacecraft. These crossings cover plasma conditions which differ significantly in their plasma $β$ but not in the properties of the encountered ion population, both showing shell-like distribution function. Dispersion relations are reconstructed using two-point instantaneous wave number estimations from pairs of Cluster spacecraft. The accessible range of wave vectors, limited by the available spacecraft separations, extends to $\approx \!2 \times 10^4$ km. Results show multiple branches of dispersion relation, associated with different power of magnetic field fluctuations. We find that Sunward propagating fast magnetosonic waves and beam resonant modes are dominant for the high plasma $β$ interval, while the dispersions of magnetically dominated interval include Alfvén and fast magnetosonic modes propagating Sunward and unit-Sunward.
Shadows of Kerr black holes with and without scalar hair
Creators: name: Cunha, Pedro V. P.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
name: Radu, Eugen
name: Runarsson, Helgi F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For an observer, the Black Hole (BH) shadow is the BH's apparent image in the sky due to the gravitational lensing of nearby radiation, emitted by an external source. A recent class of solutions dubbed Kerr BHs with scalar hair possess smaller shadows than the corresponding Kerr BHs and, under some conditions, novel exotic shadow shapes can arise. Thus, these hairy BHs could potentially provide new shadow templates for future experiments such as the Event Horizon Telescope. In order to obtain the shadows, the backward ray-tracing algorithm is briefly introduced, followed by numerical examples of shadows of Kerr BHs with scalar hair contrasting with the Kerr analogues. Additionally, an analytical solution for the Kerr shadow is derived in closed form for a ZAMO observer at an arbitrary position.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. To appear in a Special Issue of the IJMPD on Selected Papers of the III Amazonian Symposium on Physics (Eds. C. Herdeiro, E. Berti, V. Cardoso, L. C. Crispino, L. Gualtieri and U. Sperhake)
Conformal Invariance and the Metrication of the Fundamental Forces
Creators: name: Mannheim, Philip D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit Weyl's metrication (geometrization) of electromagnetism. We show that by making Weyl's proposed geometric connection be pure imaginary, not only are we able to metricate electromagnetism, an underlying local conformal invariance makes the geometry be strictly Riemannian and prevents observational gravity from being complex. Via torsion we achieve an analogous metrication for axial-vector fields. We generalize our procedure to Yang-Mills theories, and achieve a metrication of all the fundamental forces. Only in the gravity sector does our approach differ from the standard picture of fundamental forces, with our approach requiring that standard Einstein gravity be replaced by conformal gravity. We show that quantum conformal gravity is a consistent and unitary quantum gravitational theory, one that, unlike string theory, only requires four spacetime dimensions.
description: revtex4, 7 pages. Essay written for the Gravity Research Foundation 2016 Awards for Essays on Gravitation
Propagation of moments for large data and semiclassical limit to the relativistic Vlasov equation
Creators: name: Leopold, Nikolai
name: Saffirio, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q41, 82C10, 35Q55, 35Q83, 70H40, 81Q20

description: We investigate the semiclassical limit from the semi-relativistic Hartree-Fock equation describing the time evolution of a system of fermions in the mean-field regime with a relativistic dispersion law and interacting through a singular potential of the form $K(x)=γ\frac{1}{|x|^a}$, $a \in \left( \max \left\{ \frac{d}{2} -2 , - 1 \right\}, d-2 \right]$, $d\in\{2,3\}$ and $γ\in\mathbb{R}$, with the convention $K(x)=γ\log(|x|)$ if $a=0$. For mixed states, we show convergence in Schatten norms with explicit rate towards the Weyl transform of a solution to the relativistic Vlasov equation with singular potentials, thus generalizing [J. Stat. Phys. 172 (2), 398--433 (2018)] where the case of smooth potentials has been treated. Moreover, we provide new results on the well-posedness theory of the relativistic Vlasov equations with singular interactions.
Validity of SLAC fermions for the (1 + 1)-dimensional helical Luttinger liquid
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenjiu
name: Assaad, Fakher
name: Ulybyshev, Maksim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Nielson-Ninomiya theorem states that a chirally invariant free fermion lattice action, which is local, translation invariant, and real necessarily has fermion doubling. The SLAC approach gives up on locality and long range hopping leads to a linear dispersion with singularity at the zone boundary. We introduce a SLAC Hamiltonian formulation that is expected to realize a U(1) helical Luttinger liquid in a naive continuum limit. We argue that non-locality and concomitant singularity at the zone edge has important implications. Large momentum transfers yield spurious features already in the non-interacting case. Upon switching on interactions non-locality invalidates the Mermin-Wagner theorem and allows for long ranged magnetic ordering. In fact, in the strong coupling limit the model maps onto an XXZ-spin chain with $1/r^2$ exchange. Here, both spin-wave and DMRG calculations support long ranged order. While the long-ranged order opens a single particle gap the Dirac point, the singularity at the zone-boundary persists for any finite value of the interaction strength such that the ground state remains metallic. Hence, SLAC Hamiltonian does not flow to the $1$d helical Luttinger liquid fixed point. Aside from DMRG simulations, we have used auxiliary field quantum Monte Carlo simulations to arrive to the above conclusions.
title: Biographie und Professionalität - Rekonstruktionen biographischer Erzählungen von Sozialpädagog*innen in der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe
Creators: name: Wernli, Natascha
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Zusammenhang von Biographie und Professionalität in der Sozialpädagogik. Dabei wird der Frage nachgegangen, welche professionellen Orientierungen und Selbstverständnisse sich bei Sozialpädagog*innen ausfindig machen lassen und in welchem Bezug sie zur eigenen Biographie der Professionellen stehen. Für diese Arbeit wird ein qualitativ-interpretatives Forschungsdesign angewandt, das der Methodologie der Grounded-Theory folgt. Die Basis der Untersuchung bilden drei biographisch-narrative Interviews mit Sozialpädagoginnen, von welchen zwei anhand eines rekonstruktiven Interpretationsvorgehens in Anlehnung an Dausien (1996) detailliert interpretiert und analysiert wurden. Die zentralen Ergebnisse der Untersuchung zeigen, dass biographische Erfahrungen der Erzählerinnen Sensibilitäten entwickeln und bilden, die im professionellen Handeln reflektiert und integriert werden. Biographische Vorprägungen durch die Herkunftsfamilie, Beziehungen außerhalb der Familie und das Studium bilden dabei wesentliche Elemente in der biographischen (Selbst-)Reflexion von Professionalität. Die Ergebnisse dieser Masterarbeit sind ein Plädoyer dafür, eine wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit biographischen Themen stärker in das Studium zu integrieren und „biographische Reflexivität“ an der eigenen Lebensgeschichte zu entwickeln.
description: This master thesis focuses on the connection between biography and professionalism in social pedagogy. It examines the question of which professional orientations and self-understandings can be found among social pedagogues and how they relate to the professionals’ own biog-raphies. For this work, a qualitative-interpretative research design was used that follows the grounded-theory methodology. The study is based on three biographical-narrative interviews with social workers, two of which were interpreted and analyzed in detail using a reconstructive interpre-tation approach based on Dausien (1996). The analysis shows that the biographical experiences of the biographers develop and form sen-sibilities that are reflected and integrated in professional action. Biographical predeterminations through the family, relationships outside the family and studies form essential elements in the biographical (self-)reflection of professionalism. The results of this master thesis are a plea for integrating a scientific examination of biograph-ical topics more strongly into the studies and developing “biographical (self-)reflection” on one’s own life story.