cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a CCD-in-CMOS TDI detector's operating clock voltages by Taguchi based Grey relational analysis
Creators: name: Mahato, Swaraj Bandhu
name: Boulenc, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, CCD-in-CMOS TDI image sensors are becoming increasingly popular for many small satellite missions to assure a fast and affordable access to space for Low Earth Observation. Our monolithic CCD-in-CMOS TDI imager features a specifically developed technology which combines the benefits of a classical CCD TDI with the advantages of CMOS System-On-a-Chip (SoC) design. Like CCD, this detector is also controlled by a large number of clock voltages. Optimizing these voltages allows to increase the performance of the detector by improving multiple characteristic parameters, such as full well capacity (FWC), dark current, linearity, dark signal non-uniformity (DSNU) and charge transfer efficiency (CTE). Traditionally, it has been the standard practice to adjust the CCD voltages by trial and error methods to get a better image. Because of the large parameter space, such subjective procedures may yield far from the optimum performance. This paper reports a design of experiments (DOE) technique applied on the clock voltages to improve the multiple performance parameters of the detector. This method utilizes the Taguchi's orthogonal arrays of experiments to reduce the number of experiments with different voltage combinations. Finally, optimal combination of clock voltages is obtained by converting the multiple performance parameters of the detector into a single Grey relational grade. In this process, the sequences of obtaining parameter values are categorized according to the performance characteristics. The condition Higher-the-better is used for parameters like FWC and CTE whereas condition Lower-the-better is applied for parameters, such as dark current, linearity error and DSNU.
Empirical evidence for a jamming transition in urban traffic
Creators: name: Taillanter, Erwan
name: Barthelemy, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the mechanisms leading to the formation and the propagation of traffic jams in large cities is of crucial importance for urban planning and traffic management. Many studies have already considered the emergence of traffic jams from the point of view of phase transitions, but mostly in simple geometries such as highways for example, or in the framework of percolation where an external parameter is driving the transition. More generally, empirical evidence and characterization for a congestion transition in complex road networks is scarce, and here we use traffic measures for Paris (France) during the period 2014-2018 for testing the existence of a jamming transition at the urban level. In particular, we show that the correlation function of delays due to congestion is a power law (with exponent $η\approx 0.4$) combined with an exponential cut-off $ξ$. This correlation length $ξ$ is shown to diverge during rush hours, pointing to a jamming transition in urban traffic. We also discuss the spatial structure of congestion and identify a core of congested links that participate in most traffic jams and whose structure is specific during rush hours. Finally, we show that the spatial structure of congestion is consistent with a reaction-diffusion picture proposed previously.
description: Main text + appendices, 14 pages, 11 figures
Isospin dependence of the Ar+Ni fusion-evaporation cross section
Creators: name: Marini, Paola <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: FIS/04 Fisica nucleare e subnucleare

description: The fundamental goal of this thesis is the determination of the isospin dependence of the Ar+Ni fusion-evaporation cross section. Three Ar isotope beams, with energies of about 13AMeV, have been accelerated and impinged onto
isotopically enriched Ni targets, in order to produce Pd nuclei, with mass number varying from 92 to 104. The measurements have been performed by the high performance 4pi detector INDRA, coupled with the magnetic spectrometer VAMOS.  Even if the results are very preliminary, the obtained fusion-evaporation  cross sections behaviour gives a hint at the possible isospin dependence   of the fusion-evaporation cross sections.
Online Segmented Recursive Least-Squares for Multipath Doppler Tracking
Creators: name: Choi, Jae Won
name: Chowdhary, Girish
name: Singer, Andrew C.
name: Vishnu, Hari
name: Weiss, Amir
name: Wornell, Gregory W.
name: Deane, Grant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Underwater communication signals typically suffer from distortion due to motion-induced Doppler. Especially in shallow water environments, recovering the signal is challenging due to the time-varying Doppler effects distorting each path differently. However, conventional Doppler estimation algorithms typically model uniform Doppler across all paths and often fail to provide robust Doppler tracking in multipath environments. In this paper, we propose a dynamic programming-inspired method, called online segmented recursive least-squares (OSRLS) to sequentially estimate the time-varying non-uniform Doppler across different multipath arrivals. By approximating the non-linear time distortion as a piece-wise-linear Markov model, we formulate the problem in a dynamic programming framework known as segmented least-squares (SLS). In order to circumvent an ill-conditioned formulation, perturbations are added to the Doppler model during the linearization process. The successful operation of the algorithm is demonstrated in a simulation on a synthetic channel with time-varying non-uniform Doppler.
Design and construction of a low-cost remotely piloted aircraft for precision agriculture applications
Creators: name: Morerira, M.G.
name: Ferraz, G.A.S.
name: Barbosa, B.D.S.
name: Iwasaki, E.M.
name: Ferraz, P.F.P.
name: Damasceno, F.A.
name: Rossi, G.
Publisher: name: Agronomy Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: arduino
prototype
drone
UAV
article

description: This study aimed to construct a low cost RPA capable of recording georeferenced images. For the construction of the prototype of a quadcopter type RPA, only essential materials were used to allow stable flight. A maximum total weight of 2 kg was stipulated, including frame weight, electronic components, motors and cameras. The aircraft was programmed using a low-cost microcontroller widely used in prototyping and automation research. An electronic circuit board is designed to facilitate the connection of the microcontroller with the other components of the design. Specific software was used for flight control. The prototype was built successfully, being able to lift stable and controllable flight. However, we still need to acquire equipment and programming components capable of enabling autonomous images and flights. The final cost of the RPA was on average $ 427.00 on average 50% lower than the values found in the Brazilian ARP market ($ 772.81 to $ 1,288.00).
Fundamental parameters of the eclipsing binary DD CMa and evidence for mass exchange
Creators: name: Rosales, J. A.
name: Mennickent, R. E.
name: Djurašević, G.
name: González, J. F.
name: Araya, I.
name: Cabezas, M.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
name: Curé, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed photometric and spectroscopic analysis of DD CMa, based on published survey photometry and new spectroscopic data. We find an improved orbital period of $P_\mathrm{o}= 2.0084530 \pm 0.0000006 ~\mathrm{d}$. Our spectra reveal H$β$ and H$α$ absorptions with weak emission shoulders and we also find color excess in the WISE multiband photometry, interpreted as signatures of circumstellar matter. We model the $V$-band orbital light curve derived from the ASAS and ASAS-SN surveys, assuming a semidetached configuration and using the mass ratio and temperature of the hotter star derived from our spectroscopic analysis. Our model indicates that the system consists of a B 2.5 dwarf and a B 9 giant of radii 3.2 and 3.7 $\mathrm{R_{\odot}}$, respectively, orbiting in a circular orbit of radius 6.75 $\mathrm{R_{\odot}}$. We also found $M_{\mathrm{c}} = 1.7 \pm 0.1 ~\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$, $T_{\mathrm{c}} = 11350 \pm 100 ~\mathrm{K}$ and $M_{\mathrm{h}} = 6.4 \pm 0.1 ~\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$, $T_{\mathrm{h}} = 20000 \pm 500 ~\mathrm{K}$, for the cooler and hotter star, respectively. We find broad single emission peaks in H$α$ and H$β$ after subtracting the synthetic stellar spectra. Our results are consistent with mass exchange between the stars, and suggest the existence of a stream of gas being accreted onto the early B-type star.
description: 14 pages with 13 figures
Vídeo: Contra-escrita Ciborgue – Relatos de Docência junto à Aldeia Bragança
Creators: name: Pires, Gustavo da Rosa
name: Pedroso, Anderson Antônio
name: Higawa, Célia Kinuko Matsunaga
name: Spitz, Rejane
name: Portinari, Denise Berruezo
name: Coelho, Frederico
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2023

description: No intuito de fortalecer lutas sociais através da comunicação, o Projeto Amazônia (Universidade de Brasília) é uma série de ações feitas por grupo de pesquisadores que atuam junto à Aldeia Bragança, de etnia Munduruku, na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós, no oeste do Estado do Pará. Na intenção de contemplar o entre-lugar que há na pós-colonialidade latino-americana, o presente trabalho serve-se da ideia de ciborgue: manifestação existencial física constituída na violência da desconstrução de sua identidade original, e, ao focalizar o aspecto de responsividade que o vídeo oferece a quem se encontra em tal realidade de apagamento, o estudo também busca conceituar o que seria afinal esse suporte eletromagnético. Para tanto, serão rememoradas vivências de ensino do audiovisual na região – ferramenta essencial na denúncia dos e no combate aos abusos enfrentados. A reflexão está calcada em autores como Phillipe Dubois; Donna Haraway e Silviano Santiago. Em conclusão, este artigo elogia o uso da tecnologia digital em questão enquanto possibilidade de registro da memória e projeto de sociedade para transformação de futuro.
Ergodic decay laws in Newtonian and relativistic chaotic scattering
Creators: name: Fernández, Diego S.
name: López, Álvaro G.
name: Seoane, Jesús M.
name: Sanjuán, Miguel A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In open Hamiltonian systems, the escape from a bounded region of phase space according to an exponential decay law is frequently associated with the existence of hyperbolic dynamics in such a region. Furthermore, exponential decay laws based on the ergodic hypothesis are used to describe escapes in these systems. However, we uncover that the presence of the set that governs the hyperbolic dynamics, commonly known as the chaotic saddle, invalidates the assumption of ergodicity. For the paradigmatic Hénon-Heiles system, we use both theoretical and numerical arguments to show that the escaping dynamics is non-ergodic independently of the existence of KAM tori, since the chaotic saddle, in whose vicinity trajectories are more likely to spend a finite amount of time evolving before escaping forever, is not utterly spread over the energy shell. Taking this into consideration, we provide a clarifying discussion about ergodicity in open Hamiltonian systems and explore the limitations of ergodic decay laws when describing escapes in this kind of systems. Finally, we generalize our claims by deriving a new decay law in the relativistic regime for an inertial and a non-inertial reference frames under the assumption of ergodicity, and suggest another approach to the description of escape laws in open Hamiltonian systems.
description: Manuscript accepted by Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation, 28 pages, 10 figures
A complete approach for specifying liveness properties of the I/O behavior of imperative programs
Creators: name: Jacobs, Bart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: At ISoLA 2020 we proposed an approach for specifying liveness properties of the interactive (I/O) behavior of imperative programs in a Hoare logic. In this note, we show that this approach is complete, in that it can express any liveness property.
The differential effects of two treatments at a conflict marker in therapy
Creators: name: Clarke, Katherine Moira
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The differential effects of two treatments applied at a conflict marker in therapy were examined in an analogue study using sixteen Ss, students in a graduate counselling programme, and four therapists. Depth of Experiencing was the dependent variable used to compare the differential effects of Demarcation, a therapeutic intervention drawn from Gestalt therapy, and Empathic responses, when applied at a "Split" or expression of personal conflict. Each therapist saw four clients twice, using Demarcation in one session and Empathy in the other. The sessions were rated on The Experiencing Scale (Klein et al, 1969) and a three-factor, mixed-effects analysis of variance with repeated measures was performed. The results indicated that Demarcation applied to a Conflict Split led to levels of experiencing significantly greater than those produced by the application of Empathic responses. A descriptive, speculative analysis was made of the in-therapy experiencing patterns under the two treatments.
Code C# for chaos analysis of relativistic many-body systems
Creators: name: Grossu, I. V.
name: Besliu, C.
name: Jipa, Al.
name: Felea, D.
name: Bordeianu, C. C.
name: Stan, E.
name: Esanu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a new Microsoft Visual C# .NET code library, conceived as a general object oriented solution for chaos analysis of three-dimensional, relativistic many-body systems. In this context, we implemented the Lyapunov exponent and the "fragmentation level" (defined using the graph theory and the Shannon entropy). Inspired by existing studies on billiard nuclear models and clusters of galaxies, we tried to apply the virial theorem for a simplified many-body system composed by nucleons. A possible application of the "virial coefficient" to the stability analysis of chaotic systems is also discussed.
Measure of Global Specialization and Spatial Clustering for the Identification of "Specialized" Agglomeration
Creators: name: Haedo, Christian Martin <1971>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: SECS-S/03 Statistica economica

description: The intensity of regional specialization in specific activities, and conversely, the level of industrial concentration in specific locations, has been used as a complementary evidence for the existence and significance of externalities. Additionally, economists have mainly focused the debate on disentangling the sources of specialization and concentration processes according to three vectors: natural advantages, internal, and external scale economies. The arbitrariness of partitions plays a key role in capturing these effects, while the selection of the partition would have to reflect the actual characteristics of the economy. Thus, the identification of spatial boundaries to measure specialization becomes critical, since most likely the model will be adapted to different scales of distance, and be influenced by different types of externalities or economies of agglomeration, which are based on the mechanisms of
interaction with particular requirements of spatial proximity. This work is based on the analysis of the spatial aspect of economic specialization supported by the
manufacturing industry case. The main objective is to propose, for discrete and continuous space: i) a measure of global specialization; ii) a local disaggregation
of the global measure; and iii) a spatial clustering method for the identification of specialized agglomerations.
Thiophene- Based Materials for Photovoltaic Applications
Creators: name: Olivelli, Pasquale <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: CHIM/06 Chimica organica

description: Thiophene oligomers (OTs) and polymers (PTs) are currently attracting remarkable attention as organic materials showing semiconducting, fluorescent, nonlinear optical and liquid crystalline properties. 
All these properties can be fine-tuned through minor structural modifications.
As a consequence, thiophene oligomers and polymers are among  the most investigated compounds for applications in organic electronics, optoelectronics and thin film devices such as field effect transistors (FETs), light emitting diodes (LEDs) and photovoltaic devices (PVDs).
Our research aims to explore the self-assembly features and the optical, electrical and photovoltaic properties of a class of thiophene based materials so far scarcely investigated, namely that of oligo- and polythiophenes head-to-head substituted with alkyl or S-alkyl chains. 
In particular, we synthesized these compounds in short reaction times, high yields, high purity and environmentally friendly procedures taking advantage of ultrasound (US) and microwave (MW) enabling technologies in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-couplings.
Epigenetic Landscape of Interacting Cells: A Model Simulation for Developmental Process
Creators: name: Nakagawa, Motoki
name: Narikiyo, Osamu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a physical model for developmental process at cellular level to discuss the mechanism of epigenetic landscape. In our simplified model, a minimal model, the network of the interaction among cells generates the landscape epigenetically and the differentiation in developmental process is understood as a self-organization. The effect of the regulation by gene expression which is a key ingredient in development is renormalized into the interaction and the environment. At earlier stage of the development the energy landscape of the model is rugged with small amplitude. The state of cells in such a landscape is susceptible to fluctuations and not uniquely determined. These cells are regarded as stem cells. At later stage of the development the landscape has a funnel-like structure corresponding to the canalization in differentiation. The rewinding or stability of the differentiation is also demonstrated by substituting test cells into the time sequence of the model development.
description: The discussion, in terms of our model, on the recently reported context-dependent behavior of STAP cells [Nature 505, 641-647 (2014)] has been added in Appendix
Matters of taste: the neoclassical furniture in the Italian portraits from the late eighteenth century to the Restoration
Creators: name: Madrid Martin, Jose Maria <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: L-ART/02 Storia dell'arte moderna

description: Analysis and description of the furniture shown on Italian portraits from the late eighteenth century to the period of the Restoration. 
We have studied real examples of environments still exist with their furniture, chairs, mirrors, lamps, etc. in different areas of Italy.
All this to explain the refined taste and cosmopolitan of the characters painted in the portraits, that for this reason they were considered fashionable
Unsupervised Cross-Modal Distillation for Thermal Infrared Tracking
Creators: name: Sun, Jingxian
name: Zhang, Lichao
name: Zha, Yufei
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, Abel
name: Zhang, Peng
name: Huang, Wei
name: Zhang, Yanning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The target representation learned by convolutional neural networks plays an important role in Thermal Infrared (TIR) tracking. Currently, most of the top-performing TIR trackers are still employing representations learned by the model trained on the RGB data. However, this representation does not take into account the information in the TIR modality itself, limiting the performance of TIR tracking. To solve this problem, we propose to distill representations of the TIR modality from the RGB modality with Cross-Modal Distillation (CMD) on a large amount of unlabeled paired RGB-TIR data. We take advantage of the two-branch architecture of the baseline tracker, i.e. DiMP, for cross-modal distillation working on two components of the tracker. Specifically, we use one branch as a teacher module to distill the representation learned by the model into the other branch. Benefiting from the powerful model in the RGB modality, the cross-modal distillation can learn the TIR-specific representation for promoting TIR tracking. The proposed approach can be incorporated into different baseline trackers conveniently as a generic and independent component. Furthermore, the semantic coherence of paired RGB and TIR images is utilized as a supervised signal in the distillation loss for cross-modal knowledge transfer. In practice, three different approaches are explored to generate paired RGB-TIR patches with the same semantics for training in an unsupervised way. It is easy to extend to an even larger scale of unlabeled training data. Extensive experiments on the LSOTB-TIR dataset and PTB-TIR dataset demonstrate that our proposed cross-modal distillation method effectively learns TIR-specific target representations transferred from the RGB modality. Our tracker outperforms the baseline tracker by achieving absolute gains of 2.3% Success, 2.7% Precision, and 2.5% Normalized Precision respectively.
description: Accepted at ACM MM 2021. Code and models are available at https://github.com/zhanglichao/cmdTIRtracking
Analysis of market weights under volatility-stabilized market models
Creators: name: Pal, Soumik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive the joint density of market weights, at fixed times and suitable stopping times, of the volatility-stabilized market models introduced by Fernholz and Karatzas in [Ann. Finan. 1 (2005) 149-177]. The argument rests on computing the exit density of a collection of independent Bessel-square processes of possibly different dimensions from the unit simplex. We show that the law of the market weights is the same as that of the multi-allele Wright-Fisher diffusion model, well known in population genetics. Thus, as a side result, we furnish a novel proof of the transition density function of the Wright-Fisher model which was originally derived by Griffiths by bi-orthogonal series expansion.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AAP725 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Can the Arrow of Time be understood from Quantum Cosmology?
Creators: name: Kiefer, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I address the question whether the origin of the observed arrow of time can be derived from quantum cosmology. After a general discussion of entropy in cosmology and some numerical estimates, I give a brief introduction into quantum geometrodynamics and argue that this may provide a sufficient framework for studying this question. I then show that a natural boundary condition of low initial entropy can be imposed on the universal wave function. The arrow of time is then correlated with the size of the Universe and emerges from an increasing amount of decoherence due to entanglement with unobserved degrees of freedom. Remarks are also made concerning the arrow of time in multiverse pictures and scenarios motivated by dark energy.
description: 14 pages, to appear in "The Arrow of Time", ed. by L. Mersini-Houghton and R. Vaas
Data for: On the Importance of Self-consistency in Recurrent Neural Network Models Representing Elasto-plastic Solids
Creators: name: Bonatti, Colin
name: Mohr, Dirk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: recurrent neural networks
homogenization
elastolpasticity

description: Data for: On the Importance of Self-consistency in Recurrent Neural Network Models Representing Elasto-plastic Solids Published in: Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids. Find the article at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2021.104697 Abstract: Recurrent neural networks could serve as surrogate material models, removing the gap between component-level finite element simulations and numerically costly microscale models. Recent efforts relied on gated recurrent neural networks. We show the limits of that approach: these networks are not self-consistent, i.e. their response depends on the increment size. We propose a recurrent neural network architecture that integrates self-consistency in its definition: the Linearized Minimal State Cell (LMSC). While LMSCs can be trained on short sequences, they perform best when applied to long sequences of small increments. We consider an elastoplastic example and train small models with fewer than 5'000 parameters that precisely replicate the deviatoric elastoplastic behavior, with an optimal number of state-variables. We integrate these models into an explicit finite element framework and demonstrate their performance on component-level simulations with tens of thousands of elements and millions of increments.
Direct measurement of the 13C(α,n)16O cross section into the s-process Gamow peak
Creators: name: Ciani, G. F.
name: Csedreki, L.
name: Rapagnani, D.
name: Aliotta, M.
name: Balibrea-Correa, J.
name: Barile, F.
name: Bemmerer, D.
name: Best, A.
name: Boeltzig, A.
name: Broggini, C.
name: Bruno, C. G.
name: Caciolli, A.
name: Cavanna, F.
name: Chillery, T.
name: Corvisiero, P.
name: Cristallo, S.
name: Davinson, T.
name: Depalo, R.
name: DiLeva, A.
name: Elekes, Z.
name: Ferraro, F.
name: Fiore, E.
name: Formicola, A.
name: Fulop, Zs.
name: Gervino, G.
name: Guglielmetti, A.
name: Gustavino, C.
name: Gyurky, Gy.
name: Imbriani, G.
name: Junker, M.
name: Lugaro, M.
name: Marigo, P.
name: Masha, E.
name: Menegazzo, R.
name: Mossa, V.
name: Pantaleo, F. R.
name: Paticchio, V.
name: Perrino, R.
name: Piatti, D.
name: Prati, P.
name: Schiavulli, L.
name: Stockel, K.
name: Straniero, O.
name: Szucs, T.
name: Takacs, M. P.
name: Terrasi, F.
name: Vescovi, D.
name: Zavatarelli, S .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main neutron sources for the astrophysical s-process is the reaction 13C(α,n)16O, taking place in thermally pulsing Asymptotic Giant Branch stars at temperatures around 90 MK. To model the nucleosynthesis during this process the reaction cross section needs to be known in the 150-230keV energy window (Gamow peak). At these sub-Coulomb energies cross section direct measurements are severely affected by the low event rate, making us rely on input from indirect methods and extrapolations from higher-energy direct data. This leads to an uncertainty in the cross section at the relevant energies too high to reliably constrain the nuclear physics input to s-process calculations. We present the results from a new deep-underground measurement of 13C(α,n)16O, covering the energy range 230-300keV, with drastically reduced uncertainties over previous measurements and for the first time providing data directly inside the s-process Gamow peak. Selected stellar models have been computed to estimate the impact of our revised reaction rate. For stars of nearly solar composition, we find sizeable variations of some isotopes, whose production is influenced by the activation of close-by branching points that are sensitive to the neutron density, in particular the two radioactive nuclei 60Fe and 205Pb, as well as 152Gd
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted on PRL on 17th August 2021
Quark Number Susceptibility with Finite Chemical Potential in Holographic QCD
Creators: name: Kim, Youngman
name: Matsuo, Yoshinori
name: Sim, Woojoo
name: Takeuchi, Shingo
name: Tsukioka, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quark number susceptibility in holographic QCD with a finite chemical potential or under an external magnetic field at finite temperature. We first consider the quark number susceptibility with the chemical potential. We observe that approaching the critical temperature from high temperature regime, the quark number susceptibility divided by temperature square develops a peak as we increase the chemical potential, which confirms recent lattice QCD results. We discuss this behavior in connection with the existence of the critical end point in the QCD phase diagram. We also consider the quark number susceptibility under the external magnetic field. We predict that the quark number susceptibility exhibits a blow-up behavior at low temperature as we raise the value of the magnetic field. We finally spell out some limitations of our study.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures, published version
Complexity Measures for Multi-objective Symbolic Regression
Creators: name: Kommenda, Michael
name: Beham, Andreas
name: Affenzeller, Michael
name: Kronberger, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-objective symbolic regression has the advantage that while the accuracy of the learned models is maximized, the complexity is automatically adapted and need not be specified a-priori. The result of the optimization is not a single solution anymore, but a whole Pareto-front describing the trade-off between accuracy and complexity. In this contribution we study which complexity measures are most appropriately used in symbolic regression when performing multi- objective optimization with NSGA-II. Furthermore, we present a novel complexity measure that includes semantic information based on the function symbols occurring in the models and test its effects on several benchmark datasets. Results comparing multiple complexity measures are presented in terms of the achieved accuracy and model length to illustrate how the search direction of the algorithm is affected.
description: International Conference on Computer Aided Systems Theory, Eurocast 2015, pp 409-416
Quando nascem menines: a língua em disputa
Creators: name: Rufatto, Diogo da Costa
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2023

description: Vivemos um momento em que as identidades de gênero pautadas no binarismo não dão mais conta das pessoas na sociedade, de modo que pessoas trans e não binárias passam a reivindicar um espaço no idioma. A partir da peça Vaga carne, de Grace Passô, em que aparece a palavra “menine” para se referir a um feto, propomos uma discussão sobre a crise gerada com o advento da chamada “linguagem neutra”, na direção de um possível letramento trans. Para embasar o estudo, utilizaremos as reflexões de Pablo Jamilk na obra Linguagem neutra de gênero: um debate necessário e o livro Linguagem “neutra”: língua e gênero em debate, organizado por Fábio Ramos Barbosa Filho e Gabriel de Ávila Othero, passando pelo conceito barthesiano de grau zero da escrita.
On the decoupling problem of general quasilinear first order systems in two independent variables
Creators: name: Gorgone, Matteo
name: Oliveri, Francesco
name: Speciale, Maria Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35F50 - 58J45 - 76N15

description: The paper deals with the decoupling problem of general quasilinear first order systems in two independent variables. We consider either the case of homogeneous and autonomous systems or the one of nonhomogeneous and/or nonautonomous systems. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the partial or full decoupling of the systems at hand are provided. The conditions involve the properties of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the coefficient matrix, and provide the differential constraints whose integration leads to the decoupling transformation. Some applications of physical interest are also given.
description: 32 pages, no figures
title: Revisión de la patológica ovárica: importancia de las técnicas de imagen en su manejo diagnóstico
Creators: name: Castan, Alba
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Pelvis

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
1.
Describir la anatomía normal ovárica 2.
Revisar los diferentes tipos de lesiones ováricas,
sus hallazgos característicos en las técnicas de imagen y su diagnóstico diferencial 3.
Manejo radiológico de las lesiones...
Delocalization of wave packets in disordered nonlinear chains
Creators: name: Skokos, Ch.
name: Krimer, D. O.
name: Komineas, S.
name: Flach, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the spatiotemporal evolution of a wave packet in disordered nonlinear Schrödinger and anharmonic oscillator chains. In the absence of nonlinearity all eigenstates are spatially localized with an upper bound on the localization length (Anderson localization). Nonlinear terms in the equations of motion destroy Anderson localization due to nonintegrability and deterministic chaos. At least a finite part of an initially localized wave packet will subdiffusively spread without limits. We analyze the details of this spreading process. We compare the evolution of single site, single mode and general finite size excitations, and study the statistics of detrapping times. We investigate the properties of mode-mode resonances, which are responsible for the incoherent delocalization process.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
Additional file 1 of Intermittent concurrent use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors did not increase risk of adverse clinical outcomes in Chinese patients with coronary artery disease
Creators: name: He, Wanbing
name: Shu, Xiaorong
name: Zhu, Enyi
name: Deng, Bingqing
name: Lin, Yongqing
name: Wu, Xiaoying
name: Zhou, Zenan
name: Wang, Jingfeng
name: Nie, Ruqiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Table S1. Unadjusted Hazard Ratios for MACE and NACE according to Specific PPIs Compared with Non-PPI Users.
On optimality of the Shiryaev-Roberts procedure for detecting a change in distribution
Creators: name: Polunchenko, Aleksey S.
name: Tartakovsky, Alexander G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1985, for detecting a change in distribution, Pollak introduced a specific minimax performance metric and a randomized version of the Shiryaev-Roberts procedure where the zero initial condition is replaced by a random variable sampled from the quasi-stationary distribution of the Shiryaev-Roberts statistic. Pollak proved that this procedure is third-order asymptotically optimal as the mean time to false alarm becomes large. The question of whether Pollak's procedure is strictly minimax for any false alarm rate has been open for more than two decades, and there were several attempts to prove this strict optimality. In this paper, we provide a counterexample which shows that Pollak's procedure is not optimal and that there is a strictly optimal procedure which is nothing but the Shiryaev-Roberts procedure that starts with a specially designed deterministic point.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOS775 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
OptAGAN: Entropy-based finetuning on text VAE-GAN
Creators: name: Tirotta, Paolo
name: Lodi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transfer learning through large pre-trained models has changed the landscape of current applications in natural language processing (NLP). Recently Optimus, a variational autoencoder (VAE) which combines two pre-trained models, BERT and GPT-2, has been released, and its combination with generative adversial networks (GANs) has been shown to produce novel, yet very human-looking text. The Optimus and GANs combination avoids the troublesome application of GANs to the discrete domain of text, and prevents the exposure bias of standard maximum likelihood methods. We combine the training of GANs in the latent space, with the finetuning of the decoder of Optimus for single word generation. This approach lets us model both the high-level features of the sentences, and the low-level word-by-word generation. We finetune using reinforcement learning (RL) by exploiting the structure of GPT-2 and by adding entropy-based intrinsically motivated rewards to balance between quality and diversity. We benchmark the results of the VAE-GAN model, and show the improvements brought by our RL finetuning on three widely used datasets for text generation, with results that greatly surpass the current state-of-the-art for the quality of the generated texts.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 8 tables
Parameter exploration of optically trapped liquid aerosols
Creators: name: Burnham, D. R.
name: Reece, P. J.
name: McGloin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When studying the motion of optically trapped particles on the $μs$ time scale, in low viscous media such as air, inertia cannot be neglected. Resolution of unusual and interesting behaviour not seen in colloidal trapping experiments is possible. In attempt to explain the phenomena we use power spectral methods to perform a parameter study of the Brownian motion of optically trapped liquid aerosol droplets concentrated around the critically damped regime. We present evidence that the system is suitably described by a simple harmonic oscillator model which must include a description of Faxén's correction, but not necessarily frequency dependent hydrodynamic corrections to Stokes' law. We also provide results describing how the system behaves under several variables and discuss the difficulty in decoupling the parameters responsible for the observed behaviour. We show that due to the relatively low dynamic viscosity and high trap stiffness it is easy to transfer between over- and under-damped motion by experimentally altering either trap stiffness or damping. Our results suggest stable aerosol trapping may be achieved in under-damped conditions, but the onset of deleterious optical forces at high trapping powers prevents the probing of the upper stability limits due to Brownian motion.
description: Revised paper is amended for clarity and to focus on key themes in work
Machine learning tools for identifying structural artifacts in data
Creators: name: Mikhailova, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: In recent years, machine learning methods have advanced to process datasets of unprecedented complexity and volume across a multitude of domains. Often, such datasets are challenging to manually analyse and may contain hidden artifacts that are not perceptible to the human eye. Examples of such hidden artifacts may include anomalies in the data or hidden structures like temporal drift. Being unaware of the presence of such artifacts in the data exposes researchers to risks of reduced model performance or model misspecification. In light of these challenges, the research presented in this thesis is concerned with two key questions. The first is automated detection of such hidden artifacts in datasets. A civil engineering architecture problem with a focus on anomaly detection is demonstrated, and an application of a state-of-the-art unsupervised deep learning technique is introduced. In addition to anomalous events in the data and their automated detection, we discuss another type of hidden artifact in the data – temporal variation – that may impede the model training process if not accounted for. The second challenge is monitoring the joint interaction of the model and the data used to train it. We introduce a new tool called memory maps which is designed to analyse the learning dynamics of machine learning methods and help to identify potential hidden artifacts of different character in the data. Finally, we discuss possibilities of automated processing of memory maps to further aid the analyst.
Constraints on high density equation of state from maximum neutron star mass
Creators: name: Ferreira, Márcio
name: Providência, Constança
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low density nuclear matter equation of state is strongly constrained by nuclear properties, however, for constraining the high density equation of state it is necessary to resort to indirect information obtained from the observation of neutron stars, compact objects that may have a central density several times nuclear matter saturation density, $n_0$. Taking a meta-modelling approach to generate a huge set of equation of state that satisfy nuclear matter properties close to $n_0$ and that do not contain a first order phase transition, the possibility of constraining the high density equation of state was investigated. The entire information obtained from the GW170817 event for the probability distribution of $\tildeΛ$ was used to make a probabilistic inference of the EOS, which goes beyond the constraints imposed by nuclear matter properties. Nuclear matter properties close to saturation, below $2n_0$, do not allow us to distinguish between equations of state that predict different neutron star (NS) maximum masses. This is, however, not true if the equation of state is constrained at low densities by the tidal deformability of the NS merger associated to GW170817. Above $3n_0$, differences may be large, for both approaches, and, in particular, the pressure and speed of sound of the sets studied do not overlap, showing that the knowledge of the NS maximum mass may give important information on the high density EOS. Narrowing the maximum mass uncertainty interval will have a sizeable effect on constraining the high density EOS.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Some spaces are more equal than others
Creators: name: Roukema, Boudewijn F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has generally been thought that in perturbed Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker models of the Universe, global topology should not have any feedback effects on dynamics. However, a weak-field limit heuristical argument, assuming a finite particle horizon for the transmission of gravitational signals, shows that a residual acceleration effect can occur. The nature of this effect differs algebraically between different constant curvature 3-manifolds. This potentially provides a selection mechanism for the 3-manifold of comoving space.
description: 4 pages, proceedings of the Grassmannian Conference in Fundamental Cosmology, Szczecin, 14-19 Sep 2009, to be refereed by Annalen der Physik
Structure Formation by the Fifth Force III: Segregation of Baryons and Dark Matter
Creators: name: Li, Baojiu
name: Zhao, Hongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the results of $N$-body simulations with a scalar field coupled differently to cold dark matter (CDM) and baryons. The scalar field potential and coupling function are chosen such that the scalar field acquires a heavy mass in regions with high CDM density and thus behaves like a chameleon. We focus on how the existence of the scalar field affects the formation of nonlinear large-scale structure, and how the different couplings of the scalar field to baryons and CDM particles lead to different distributions and evolutions for these two matter species, both on large scales and inside virialized halos. As expected, the baryon-CDM segregation increases in regions where the fifth force is strong, and little segregation in dense regions. We also introduce an approximation method to identify the virialized halos in coupled scalar field models which takes into account the scalar field coupling and which is easy to implement numerically. It is find that the chameleon nature of the scalar field makes the internal density profiles of halos dependent on the environment in a very nontrivial way.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, 1 table. Revised version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. For a high resolution version see http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/bl267/Li_Zhao/N_body_segregation.pdf
Estimating the Redshift Distribution of Photometric Galaxy Samples II. Applications and Tests of a New Method
Creators: name: Cunha, Carlos E.
name: Lima, Marcos
name: Oyaizu, Hiroaki
name: Frieman, Joshua
name: Lin, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Lima et al. 2008 we presented a new method for estimating the redshift distribution, N(z), of a photometric galaxy sample, using photometric observables and weighted sampling from a spectroscopic subsample of the data. In this paper, we extend this method and explore various applications of it, using both simulations of and real data from the SDSS. In addition to estimating the redshift distribution for an entire sample, the weighting method enables accurate estimates of the redshift probability distribution, p(z), for each galaxy in a photometric sample. Use of p(z) in cosmological analyses can substantially reduce biases associated with traditional photometric redshifts, in which a single redshift estimate is associated with each galaxy. The weighting procedure also naturally indicates which galaxies in the photometric sample are expected to have accurate redshift estimates, namely those that lie in regions of photometric-observable space that are well sampled by the spectroscopic subsample. In addition to providing a method that has some advantages over standard photo-z estimates, the weights method can also be used in conjunction with photo-z estimates, e.g., by providing improved estimation of N(z) via deconvolution of N(photo-z) and improved estimates of photo-z scatter and bias. We present a publicly available p(z) catalog for ~78 million SDSS DR7 galaxies.
description: 22 pages, 17 figures, accepted by MNRAS. This version includes description of publicly available p(z) catalog for SDSS DR7. Code to calculate p(z)'s, weights and photo-z errors available at: http://kobayashi.physics.lsa.umich.edu/~ccunha/nearest/