cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Study with WhoSGlAd of the acoustic depth of the helium glitch across the seismic HR diagram and its impact on the inferred helium abundance
Creators: name: Farnir, Martin
name: Valentino, Angelo
name: Dupret, Marc-Antoine
name: Broomhall, Anne-Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The acoustic glitches' signature present in solar-like stars holds invaluable information. Indeed, it is caused by a sharp variation in the sound speed, therefore carrying localised information. One such glitch is the helium glitch caused by the hydrogen and first and second partial helium ionisation region, allowing us to constrain the surface helium abundance. However, the function adjusted to the glitch signature depends non-linearly on the acoustic depth at which it occurs, He. Retrieving the faint glitch signature and estimating $τ_{\textrm{He}}$ are difficult but crucial tasks to accurately measure the glitch parameters and, ultimately, accurately infer the helium abundance. In the present paper, we aim at providing a way to estimate $τ_{\textrm{He}}$ using precise seismic indicators, independent of stellar modelling. Consequently, we aim at improving the WhoSGlAd (Whole Spectrum and Glitches Adjustment) method by automatically providing a model independent measure of the glitch's parameters. We compute the evolution of $T_{\textrm{He}}$, a dimensionless form of the acoustic depth, along a grid of models and adjust an empirical linear relation between $T_{\textrm{He}}$ and the mean large separation and frequency ratio as defined in WhoSGlAd. We further optimise over the value of this estimate to ensure the stability and accuracy of the approach. The proposed approach provides an excellent estimate of the acoustic depth and allows us to swiftly retrieve the glitch signature of observed spectra. We demonstrate that the we can accurately model the helium abundance of four Kepler targets by comparing model (both versions of WhoSGlAd) and literature values.
description: 9 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS on the 14/03/2023
Design and Development of Artificial Zinc Finger Transcription Factors and Zinc Finger Nucleases to the hTERT Locus
Creators: name: Chateau, Morgan L
name: Wilson, Kimberly A
name: Porteus, Matthew H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The ability to direct human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression through either genetic control or tunable regulatory factors would advance not only our understanding of the transcriptional regulation of this gene, but also potentially produce new strategies for addressing telomerase-associated disease. In this work, we describe the engineering of artificial zinc finger transcription factors (ZFTFs) and ZF nucleases (ZFNs) to target sequences within the hTERT promoter and exon-1. We were able to identify several active ZFTFs that demonstrate a broadly tunable response when screened by a cell-based transcriptional reporter assay. Using the same DNA-binding domains, we generated ZFNs that were screened in combinatorial pairs in cell-based extrachromosomal single-strand annealing (SSA) assays and in gene-targeting assays using stably integrated constructs. Selected ZFN pairs were tested for the ability to induce sequence changes in a Cel1 assay and we observed frequencies of genomic modification up to 18.7% at the endogenous hTERT locus. These screening strategies have pinpointed several ZFN pairs that may be useful in gene editing of the hTERT locus. Our work provides a foundation for using engineered ZF proteins (ZFPs) for modulation of the hTERT locus.
A coupling of martensitic and metamagnetic transitions with collective magneto-volume and table-like magnetocaloric effects
Creators: name: Liu, E. K.
name: Wei, Z. Y.
name: Li, Y.
name: Liu, G. D.
name: Luo, H. Z.
name: Wang, W. H.
name: Zhang, H. W.
name: Wu, G. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coupling of the first-order paramagnetic-to-induced-ferromagnetic martensitic and the second-order antiferromagnetic-to-ferromagnetic metamagnetic transitions was found in MnNi0.8Fe0.2Ge alloy. Based on the coupling, a magneto-volume effect driven by the martensitic transition and a table-like magnetocaloric effect generated by the successive magnetic phase transitions arise collectively. By using the magneto-volume effect, the internal pressure stress in the volume-expansion martensitic transition was determined at 350 MPa. The magnetocaloric effect, with a wide working temperature range of 26 K around room temperature, shows a small hysteresis loss (5 J/kg) and a large net refrigerant capacity (157 J/kg).
description: 13 pages, 4 figs., accepted by APL
Optimization of scAAVIL-1ra In Vitro and In Vivo to Deliver High Levels of Therapeutic Protein for Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Foti, Stacey B
name: Samulski, R Jude
name: Grieger, Joshua C
name: Phillips, Jennifer N
name: Goodrich, Laurie R
name: McIlwraith, C Wayne
name: Gray, Steven J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Osteoarthritis (OA) affects over 40 million people annually. We evaluated interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) gene transfer in an equine model based on IL-1ra protein therapy which inhibits inflammation through blocking IL-1. Using the self-complementary adeno-associated virus (scAAV)IL-1ra equine gene as a starting construct, we optimized the transgene cassette by analyzing promoters (cytomegalovirus (CMV) versus chicken β-actin hybrid (CBh)), coding sequences (optimized versus unoptimized), vector capsid (serotype 2 versus chimeric capsid), and biological activity in vitro. AAV serotypes 2 and 2.5 CMV scAAVoptIL-1ra were tested in equine joints. We evaluated two doses of scAAVIL-1ra, scAAVGFP, and saline. We developed a novel endoscopy procedure and confirmed vector-derived transgene expression (GFP) in chondrocytes 6 months post-injection. AAVIL-1ra therapeutic protein levels were 200–800 ng/ml of synovial fluid over 23 and 186 days, respectively. No evidence of intra-articular toxicity was detected and no vector genomes were found in contralateral joints based on GFP fluorescence microscopy and quantitative PCR. Finally, we assayed vector-derived IL-1ra activity based on functional assays which supported anti-inflammatory activity of our protein. These studies represent the first large animal intra-articular gene transfer approach with a therapeutic gene using scAAV and demonstrate high levels of protein production over extended time supporting further clinical investigation using scAAV gene therapy for OA.
Stellar mass, not dynamical mass nor gravitational potential, drives the mass-metallicity relationship
Creators: name: Baker, William M.
name: Maiolino, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The widely known relation between stellar mass and gas metallicity (mass-metallicity relation, MZR) in galaxies is often ascribed to the higher capability of more massive systems to retain metals against the action of galactic outflows. In this scenario the stellar mass would simply be an indirect proxy of the dynamical mass or of the gravitational potential. We test this scenario by using a sample of more than one thousand star-forming galaxies from the MaNGA survey for which dynamical masses have been accurately determined. By using three different methods (average dispersion, Partial Correlation Coefficients, Random Forest) we unambiguously find that the gas metallicity depends primarily and fundamentally on the stellar mass. Once the dependence on stellar mass is taken into account, there is little or no dependence on either dynamical mass or gravitational potential (and, if anything, the metallicity dependence on the latter quantities is inverted). Our result indicates that the MZR is not caused by the retention of metals in more massive galaxies. The direct, fundamental dependence of metallicity on stellar mass suggests the much simpler scenario in which the MZR is just a consequence of the stellar mass being proportional to the integral of metals production in the galaxy.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Dynamical nonlocal coherent-potential approximation for itinerant electron magnetism
Creators: name: Rowlands, D. A.
name: Zhang, Yu-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dynamical generalisation of the nonlocal coherent-potential approximation is derived based upon the functional integral approach to the interacting electron problem. The free energy is proven to be variational with respect to the self-energy provided a self-consistency condition on a cluster of sites is satisfied. In the present work, calculations are performed within the static approximation and the effect of the nonlocal physics on the formation of the local moment state in a simple model is investigated. The results reveal the importance of the dynamical correlations.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
THE ROLE OF NEUROGENIN2 AND NEUROD1, AND THEIR DOWNSTREAM TARGETS, IN TRIGEMINAL GANGLION DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Bina, Parinaz
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Animal sciences
subject: Development
subject: Embryo
subject: NeuroD1
subject: Neurogenesis
subject: Neurogenin
subject: Trigeminal ganglion

description: The trigeminal ganglion contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons comprising cranial nerve V and functions to relay information related to pain, touch, and temperature from the face and head to the central nervous system. Like other cranial ganglia, the trigeminal ganglion is composed of neuronal derivatives of two critical embryonic cell types, neural crest cells and placode cells. Neurogenesis within the cranial ganglia is promoted by Neurogenin2, which is expressed in trigeminal placode cells and their neuronal derivatives, and transcriptionally activates neuronal differentiation genes like Neuronal Differentiation 1 (or NeuroD1). Other targets downstream of Neurogenin2 and NeuroD1 include Drebrin1 and Stathmin2, cell polarity and cytoskeletal regulators that mediate changes in neuron cell shape during neurogenesis. Little is known, however, about the role of Neurogenin2, NeuroD1, and their downstream signaling pathways during trigeminal gangliogenesis in the chick embryo. By depleting Neurogenin2 and NeuroD1 from chick trigeminal placode cells with morpholino antisense oligonucleotides, we examined how these proteins influence chick trigeminal ganglion development. Additionally, we identified the expression of Drebrin1 and Stathmin2 in trigeminal ganglion neurons. Taken together, our results highlight, for the first time, functional roles for Neurogenin2 and NeuroD1 during chick trigeminal gangliogenesis. These studies will not only improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying trigeminal ganglion development, but may also provide insight into human and animal diseases of the peripheral nervous system.
Rotifers in relation to littoral ecotone structure in Lake Rotomanuka, North Island, New Zealand
Creators: name: Duggan, Ian C
name: Green, John D
name: Thompson, Keith
name: Shiel, Russell
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The spatial and temporal dynamics of rotifers in the littoral ecotone of Lake Rotomanuka (37° 55 S, 175° 19 E) were studied from February to November 1994. Rotifers were sampled with artificial substrates at two or three weekly intervals from eight sites chosen with respect to macrophyte species distribution from near shore to deeper water. 58 rotifer species were found, a high diversity in comparison to that of New Zealand limnetic communities, which usually have less than ten species. Rotifers had peak abundances in summer within emergent and submerged vegetation, when shallow regions were dry. Lecane bulla (Gosse) and Testudinella parva (Ternetz) generally had the highest numerical densities. Three major temporal groupings of species were distinguished by cluster analysis and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA): summer–autumn (e.g. Lecane hornemanni (Ehrenberg), L. bulla), winter-spring (e.g. Mytilina mucronata (Müller), Trichocerca porcellus (Gosse)), and late autumn to mid spring (e.g. T. parva, Polyarthra vulgaris (Carlin)). Rotifer species composition appeared to depend on seasonal change of water level and the associated shift from heterogeneous to homogenous physical and chemical conditions across the ecotone. Temporal variability in the abundance of zindividual rotifer species was far greater than their spatial variability. CCA indicated that temperature and pH were the factors most strongly associated with temporal variation in abundances of rotifer species. Macrophytes appeared to play the major role in determining spatial distribution, both because of differences in physical structure between species (affecting microhabitat diversity) and by causing variations in physical and chemical conditions (e.g. oxygen and pH) by inhibiting mixing.
Additional file 3 of The adult shell matrix protein repertoire of the marine snail Crepidula is dominated by conserved genes that are also expressed in larvae
Creators: name: Lopez-Anido, Rebecca N.
name: Batzel, Grant O.
name: Ramirez, Gabriela
name: Wang, Yiqun
name: Neal, Stephanie
name: Lesoway, Maryna P.
name: Goodheart, Jessica A.
name: Lyons, Deirdre C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Supplementary Material 3
A search for exoplanets around north circumpolar stars. VII. Detection of planetary companion orbiting the largest host star HD 18438
Creators: name: Lee, Byeong-Cheol
name: Koo, Jae-Rim
name: Jeong, Gwanghui
name: Park, Myeong-Gu
name: Han, Inwoo
name: Choi, Yeon-Ho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have been conducting a exoplanet search survey using Bohyunsan Observatory Echelle Spectrograph (BOES) for the last 18 years. We present the detection of exoplanet candidate in orbit around HD 18438 from high-precision radial velocity (RV) mesurements. The target was already reported in 2018 (Bang et al. 2018). They conclude that the RV variations with a period of 719 days are likely to be caused by the pulsations because the Lomb-Scargle periodogram of HIPPARCOS photometric and Ha EW variations for HD 18438 show peaks with periods close to that of RV variations and there were no correlations between bisectors and RV measurements. However, the data were not sufficient to reach a firm conclusion. We obtained more RV data for four years. The longer time baseline yields a more accurate determination with a revised period of 803 +/- 5 days and the planetary origin of RV variations with a minimum planetary companion mass of 21 +/- 1 MJup. Our current estimate of the stellar parameters for HD 18438 makes it currently the largest star with a planetary companion.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Accept to the Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society
CCR5 Gene Editing of Resting CD4+ T Cells by Transient ZFN Expression From HIV Envelope Pseudotyped Nonintegrating Lentivirus Confers HIV-1 Resistance in Humanized Mice
Creators: name: Bharaj, Preeti
name: Kafri, Tal
name: Alozie, Ogechika
name: Choi, Jang Gi
name: Manjunath, Manjunath N
name: Shankar, Premlata
name: Abraham, Sojan
name: Dang, Ying
name: Yi, Guohua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: CCR5 disruption by zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) is a promising method for HIV-1 gene therapy. However, successful clinical translation of this strategy necessitates the development of a safe and effective method for delivery into relevant cells. We used non-integrating lentivirus (NILV) for transient expression of ZFNs and pseudotyped the virus with HIV-envelope for targeted delivery to CD4+ T cells. Both activated and resting primary CD4+ T cells transduced with CCR5-ZFNs NILV showed resistance to HIV-1 infection in vitro. Furthermore, NILV transduced resting CD4+ T cells from HIV-1 seronegative individuals were resistant to HIV-1 challenge when reconstituted into NOD-scid IL2rγc null (NSG) mice. Likewise, endogenous virus replication was suppressed in NSG mice reconstituted with CCR5-ZFN–transduced resting CD4+ T cells from treatment naïve as well as ART-treated HIV-1 seropositive patients. Taken together, NILV pseudotyped with HIV envelope provides a simple and clinically viable strategy for HIV-1 gene therapy.
Myers-Perry black holes with scalar hair and a mass gap
Creators: name: Brihaye, Yves
name: Herdeiro, Carlos
name: Radu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a family of asymptotically flat, rotating black holes with scalar hair and a regular horizon, within five dimensional Einstein's gravity minimally coupled to a complex, massive scalar field doublet. These solutions are supported by rotation and have no static limit. They are described by their mass $M$, two equal angular momenta $J_1=J_2\equiv J$ and a conserved Noether charge $Q$, measuring the scalar hair. For vanishing horizon size the solutions reduce to five dimensional boson stars. In the limit of vanishing Noether charge density, the scalar field becomes point-wise arbitrarily small and the geometry becomes, locally, arbitrarily close to that of a specific set of Myers-Perry black holes (MPBHs); but there remains a global difference with respect to the latter, manifest in a finite mass gap. Thus, the scalar hair never becomes a linear perturbation of MPBHs. This is a qualitative difference when compared to Kerr black holes with scalar hair~\cite{Herdeiro:2014goa}. Whereas the existence of the latter can be anticipated in linear theory, from the existence of scalar bound states on the Kerr geometry (i.e. scalar clouds), the hair of these MPBHs is intrinsically non-linear.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
The Impact of Chromospheric Activity on Observed Initial Mass Functions
Creators: name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Scholz, Aleks
name: Dupuy, Trent
name: Kratter, Kaitlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using recently established empirical calibrations for the impact of chromospheric activity on the radii, effective temperatures, and estimated masses of active low-mass stars and brown dwarfs, we reassess the shape of the initial mass function (IMF) across the stellar/substellar boundary in the Upper Sco star-forming region (age 5-10 Myr). We adjust the observed effective temperatures to warmer values using the observed strength of the chromospheric H$α$ emission, and redetermine the estimated masses of objects using pre--main-sequence evolutionary tracks in the H-R diagram. The effect of the activity-adjusted temperatures is to shift the objects to higher masses by 3-100%. While the slope of the resulting IMF at substellar masses is not strongly changed, the peak of the IMF does shift from ~0.06 to ~0.11 Msun. Moreover, for objects with masses
description: Accepted by ApJ, 9 pages, 2 figures. This version corrects a minor typo in the abstract
Additional file 5 of The adult shell matrix protein repertoire of the marine snail Crepidula is dominated by conserved genes that are also expressed in larvae
Creators: name: Lopez-Anido, Rebecca N.
name: Batzel, Grant O.
name: Ramirez, Gabriela
name: Wang, Yiqun
name: Neal, Stephanie
name: Lesoway, Maryna P.
name: Goodheart, Jessica A.
name: Lyons, Deirdre C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Supplementary Material 5
Multicellular Tumor Spheroids as a Model for Assessing Delivery of Oligonucleotides in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Juliano, Rudolph L
name: Ming, Xin
name: Carver, Kyle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Oligonucleotides have shown promise in selectively manipulating gene expression in vitro, but that success has not translated to the clinic for cancer therapy. A potential reason for this is that cells behave differently in monolayer than in the three-dimensional tumor, resulting in limited penetration and distribution of oligonucleotides in the tumor. This may be especially true when oligonucleotides are associated with nanocarriers such as lipoplexes and polyplexes, commonly used delivery vehicles for oligonucleotides. The multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS), a three-dimensional model that closely resembles small avascular tumors and micrometastases, has been utilized as an intermediate between monolayer culture and in vivo studies for the screening of small-molecule drugs. However, spheroids have been little used for the study of various oligonucleotide delivery formulations. Here, we have evaluated the uptake and efficacy of splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides using various delivery modalities in two- and three-dimensional culture models. We find that the size of the delivery agent dramatically influences penetration into the spheroid and thus the biological effect of the oligonucleotides. We hypothesize that the MCTS model will prove to be a useful tool in the future development of oligonucleotide delivery formulations.
Additional file 2 of Maternal mental health and breastfeeding amidst the Covid-19 pandemic: cross-sectional study in Catalonia (Spain)
Creators: name: Nicolás-López, Marta
name: González-Álvarez, Pablo
name: Sala de la Concepción, Anna
name: Giralt-López, Maria
name: Lorente, Beatriz
name: Velasco, Inés
name: Wichner, Paula Sol Ventura
name: Ginovart, Gemma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Factors associated with mental health test.
A multiphase study of theoretical and observed light curves of classical Cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Kurbah, Kerdaris
name: Deb, Sukanta
name: Kanbur, Shashi M.
name: Das, Susmita
name: Deka, Mami
name: Bhardwaj, Anupam
name: Randall, Hugh Riley
name: Kalici, Selim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the theoretical and observed light curve parameters of the fundamental mode (FU) classical Cepheids in the Magellanic Clouds in $V$- and $I$- photometric bands. The state-of-the-art 1D non-linear radial stellar pulsation (RSP) code in MESA (\textsc{mesa-rsp}) has been utilized to generate the theoretical light curves using four sets of convection parameters. Theoretical light curves with two chemical compositions: $Z=0.008$ and $Z=0.004$ appropriate for the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), respectively, covered a wide range of periods ($31$) and all periods. The multiphase relations obtained from theoretical and observed light curves in the PL/PC/AC plane are found to be dynamic in nature, with the effect more pronounced at $Φ\sim 0.75-0.85$. Furthermore, a contrasting behaviour of the theoretical/observed multiphase PL and PC relations between the short and long periods has been found for both LMC and SMC. The analysis shows that multiphase PL relations are more stringent to test the models with observations over the FPs. Distances to the LMC/SMC determined using long period Cepheids are found to be in good agreement with the literature values when the term $R_{21}$ is added to the PL relation.
description: 17 pages, 11 Figures and 9 Tables. Accepted for publication by MNRAS
VEGF isoforms and their expression after a single episode of hypoxia or repeated fluctuations between hyperoxia and hypoxia: Relevance to clinical ROP
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Fluctuations in oxygen are associated with the development of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in humans. However, the causal relationships between oxygen variability and severe ROP remain unknown. We investigated whether isoforms of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were differentially stimulated by hypoxia and by repeated fluctuations between hypoxia and hyperoxia, and whether isoforms were differentially expressed in association with intravitreous neovascularization. We also determined whether pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) was dysregulated by oxygen fluctuations perhaps contributing to a delay in normal retinal vascular development.
Efficient In Vivo Selection of a Novel Tumor-Associated Peptide from a Phage Display Library
Creators: name: Lockyer, Pamela
name: Veleva, Anka N.
name: Schwab, Jacob
name: Frederick, C. Brandon
name: Lalush, David S.
name: Patterson, Cam
name: Yuan, Hong
name: Nepal, Desh B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: We developed a screening procedure to identify ligands from a phage display random peptide library that are selective for circulating bone marrow derived cells homing to angiogenic tumors. Panning the library on blood outgrowth endothelial cell suspension in vitro followed by in vivo selection based on homing of bone marrow-bound phage to angiogenic tumors, yielded the peptide QFPPKLTNNSML. Upon intravenous injection phage displaying this peptide homed to Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) tumors in vivo whereas control phage did not localize to tumor tissue. Phage carrying the QFPPKLTNNSML peptide labeled with 64Cu radionuclide when administered intravenously into a tumor bearing mouse was detected noninvasively with positron emission tomography (PET) around the tumor. These proof-of-principle experiments demonstrate the ability of the QFPPKLTNNSML peptide to deliver payload (radiolabeled phage conjugates) in vivo to sites of ongoing angiogenesis and point to its potential clinical utility in a variety of physiologic and pathologic processes where neovascular growth is a critical component.
Additional file 1 of Spatial patterns of causality in temperate silvopastoral systems: a perspective on nitrification stability in response to flooding
Creators: name: Mettauer, Romane
name: Emily, Mathieu
name: Bednar-Konski, Zita
name: Widmer, Anaïs
name: Godinot, Olivier
name: Beule, Lukas
name: Le Cadre, Edith
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1. Appendix 1. Literature review of nitrification stability used to develop the directed acyclic graph. Appendix 2. Validated structural equation models obtained for the alley-cropping system and hedgerow system at position A. Values in italics indicate regressions between latent and manifest variables. Asterisks identify significant regressions: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p <0.001. Appendix 3. Example of soil temperature measured over 24 h at a depth of 15 cm in the alley-cropping system and hedgerow system. Points represent means, while error bars represent minima and maxima. Data came from an 8-day survey (i.e. 5–12 April 2022) at four locations per silvopastoral system.
A New Web Based Student Annual Review Information System (SARIS) With Student Success Prediction
Creators: name: Memon, A. A.
name: Wang, C.
name: Naeem, M. R.
name: Tahir, M.
name: Aamir, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we are proposing new web based Student Annual Review Information System (SARIS) and prediction method for the success of scholar students to China Scholarship Council(CSC). The main objective of developing this system is to save the cost of paper, to reduce the risk of data loss, to decrease the processing time, to reduce the delay in finding for the successful students. The proposed system and prediction method is intended to be used by China Scholarship Council; however SARIS and prediction method are quite generic and can be used by other scholarship agencies.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures and 2 Tables
Role of TNFR-related 2 mediated immune responses in dextran sulfate sodium-induced inflammatory bowel disease
Creators: name: Seo, Jae-Hee
name: Latour, Anne M.
name: Park, Hee-Young
name: Park, Jin-Soo
name: Kim, Woon-Ki
name: Sul, Ok-Ju
name: Kwon, Byoung S.
name: Choi, Byum-Kyu
name: Koller, Beverly H.
name: Jeong, Choon-Soo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Previous work has suggested that the LIGHT-TR2 costimulatory pathway plays a role in the acute and chronic stages of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis [Steinberg et al. (2008); Wang et al. (2005)]. To clarify the role of TNFR-related 2 (TR2) signaling in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, we generated a TR2 knock-out (KO) mouse. Using DSS to induce colitis, we compared the colitic symptoms and pathological changes in wild type (WT) and TR2 KO mice, and the production of cytokines by the diseased colons. We also studied the role of TR2 in suppressing innate and adaptive immunity in the DSS model. TR2 deficient mice were characterized by reduced symptoms of intestinal inflammation compared with wildtype mice, and reduced production of cytokines. We therefore generated a monoclonal antibody against mouse TR2 which was specific to TR2 and capable of blocking TR2 signals. With this antibody, we demonstrated that antagonizing TR2 during the development of DSS-induced colitis reduced the symptoms of inflammation. Our findings suggest that TR2 is an important mediator in colitis, and may serve as a therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease.
Are Macrophages in Tumors Good Targets for Novel Therapeutic Approaches?
Creators: name: Alahari, Samthosh V
name: Dong, Shengli
name: Alahari, Suresh K
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The development of cancer has been an extensively researched topic over the past few decades. Although great strides have been made in cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, there is still much to be learned about cancer’s micro-environmental mechanisms that contribute to cancer formation and aggressiveness. Macrophages, lymphocytes which originate from monocytes, are involved in the inflammatory response and often dispersed to areas of infection to fight harmful antigens and mutated cells in tissues. Macrophages have a plethora of roles including tissue development and repair, immune system functions, and inflammation. We discuss various pathways by which macrophages get activated, various approaches that can regulate the function of macrophages, and how these approaches can be helpful in developing new cancer therapies.
HDAC4 Regulates Muscle Fiber Type-Specific Gene Expression Programs
Creators: name: Kapur, Meghan
name: Lira, Vitor A.
name: Yao, Tso-Pang
name: Cohen, Todd J.
name: Choi, Moon-Chang
name: Yan, Zhen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Fiber type-specific programs controlled by the transcription factor MEF2 dictate muscle functionality. Here, we show that HDAC4, a potent MEF2 inhibitor, is predominantly localized to the nuclei in fast/glycolytic fibers in contrast to the sarcoplasm in slow/oxidative fibers. The cytoplasmic localization is associated with HDAC4 hyper-phosphorylation in slow/oxidative-fibers. Genetic reprogramming of fast/glycolytic fibers to oxidative fibers by active CaMKII or calcineurin leads to increased HDAC4 phosphorylation, HDAC4 nuclear export, and an increase in markers associated with oxidative fibers. Indeed, HDAC4 represses the MEF2-dependent, PGC-1α-mediated oxidative metabolic gene program. Thus differential phosphorylation and localization of HDAC4 contributes to establishing fiber type-specific transcriptional programs.
Type Ia supernovae SN 2013bz, PSN J0910+5003 and ASASSN-16ex: similar to 09dc-like?
Creators: name: Tiwari, S.
name: Chakradhari, N. K.
name: Sahu, D. K.
name: Anupama, G. C.
name: Kumar, B.
name: Sahu, K. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical photometric and spectroscopic studies of three supernovae (SNe) SN 2013bz, PSN J0910+5003 and ASASSN-16ex. UV-optical photometric data of ASASSN-16ex obtained with Swift-UVOT are also analyzed. These objects were initially classified as 09dc-like type Ia SNe. The decline rate parameters ($Δm_{15}(B)_{true}$) are derived as 0.92 $\pm$ 0.04 (SN 2013bz), 0.70 $\pm$ 0.05 (PSN J0910+5003) and 0.73 $\pm$ 0.03 (ASASSN-16ex). The estimated $B$ band absolute magnitudes at maximum: $-$19.61 $\pm$ 0.20 mag for SN 2013bz, $-$19.44 $\pm$ 0.20 mag for PSN J0910+5003 and $-$19.78 $\pm$ 0.20 mag for ASASSN-16ex indicate that all the three objects are relatively bright. The peak bolometric luminosities for these objects are derived as $\log L_\text{bol}^\text{max} =$ 43.38 $\pm$ 0.07 erg s$^{-1}$, 43.26 $\pm$ 0.07 erg s$^{-1}$ and 43.40 $\pm$ 0.06 erg s$^{-1}$, respectively. The spectral and velocity evolution of SN 2013bz is similar to a normal SN Ia, hence it appears to be a luminous, normal type Ia supernova. On the other hand, the light curves of PSN J0910+5003 and ASASSN-16ex are broad and exhibit properties similar to 09dc-like SNe Ia. Their spectroscopic evolution shows similarity with 09dc-like SNe, strong CII lines are seen in the pre-maximum spectra of these two events. Their photospheric velocity evolution is similar to SN 2006gz. Further, in the UV bands, ASASSN-16ex is very blue like other 09dc-like SNe Ia.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Viscosity effects on waves in partially and fully ionized plasma in magnetic field
Creators: name: Vranjes, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Viscosity is discussed in multicomponent partially and fully ionized plasma, and its effects on two very different waves (Alfven and Langmuir) in solar atmosphere. A full set of viscosity coefficients is presented which includes coefficients for electrons, protons and hydrogen atoms. These are applied to layers with mostly magnetized protons in solar chromosphere where the Alfven wave could in principle be expected. The viscosity coefficients are calculated and presented graphically for the altitudes between 700 and 2200 km, and required corresponding cross sections for various types of collisions are given in terms of altitude. It is shown that in chromosphere the viscosity plays no role for the Alfven wave, which is only strongly affected by ion friction with neutrals. In corona, assuming the magnetic field of a few Gauss, the Alfven wave is more affected by ion viscosity than by ion-electron friction only for wavelengths shorter that 1-30 km, dependent on parameters and assuming the perturbed magnetic field of one percent of its equilibrium value. For the Langmuir wave the viscosity-friction interplay in chromosphere is shown to be dependent on altitude and on wavelengths. In corona the viscosity is the main dissipative mechanism acting on the Langmuir mode.
description: 5 figures
Mining Mini-Halos with MeerKAT I. Calibration and Imaging
Creators: name: Trehaeven, K. S.
name: Parekh, V.
name: Oozeer, N.
name: Hugo, B.
name: Smirnov, O.
name: Bernardi, G.
name: Knowles, K.
name: Tasse, C.
name: Asad, K. M. B.
name: Giacintucci, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio mini-halos are clouds of diffuse, low surface brightness synchrotron emission that surround the Brightest Cluster Galaxy (BCG) in massive cool-core galaxy clusters. In this paper, we use third generation calibration (3GC), also called direction-dependent (DD) calibration, and point source subtraction on MeerKAT extragalactic continuum data. We calibrate and image archival MeerKAT L-band observations of a sample of five galaxy clusters (ACO 1413, ACO 1795, ACO 3444, MACS J1115.8+0129, MACS J2140.2-2339). We use the CARACal pipeline for direction-independent (DI) calibration, DDFacet and killMS for 3GC, followed by visibility-plane point source subtraction to image the underlying mini-halo without bias from any embedded sources. Our 3GC process shows a drastic improvement in artefact removal, to the extent that the local noise around severely affected sources was halved and ultimately resulted in a 7\% improvement in global image noise. Thereafter, using these spectrally deconvolved Stokes I continuum images, we directly measure for four mini-halos the flux density, radio power, size and in-band integrated spectra. Further to that, we show the in-band spectral index maps of the mini-halo (with point sources). We present a new mini-halo detection hosted by MACS J2140.2-2339, having flux density $S_{\rm 1.28\,GHz} = 2.61 \pm 0.31$ mJy, average diameter 296 kpc and $α^{\rm 1.5\,GHz}_{\rm 1\,GHz} = 1.21 \pm 0.36$. We also found a $\sim$100 kpc southern extension to the ACO 3444 mini-halo which was not detected in previous VLA L-band observations. Our description of MeerKAT wide-field, wide-band data reduction will be instructive for conducting further mini-halo science.
description: 16 pages. 10 figures
Neuropeptide Regulation of Signaling and Behavior in the BNST
Creators: name: Marcinkiewcz, Catherine A.
name: Pleil, Kristen E.
name: Mazzone, Christopher
name: Sugam, Jonathan
name: McElligott, Zoe A.
name: Lowery-Gionta, Emily G.
name: Crowley, Nicole
name: Kash, Thomas L.
name: Hardaway, J. Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Recent technical developments have transformed how neuroscientists can probe brain function. What was once thought to be difficult and perhaps impossible, stimulating a single set of long range inputs among many, is now relatively straight-forward using optogenetic approaches. This has provided an avalanche of data demonstrating causal roles for circuits in a variety of behaviors. However, despite the critical role that neuropeptide signaling plays in the regulation of behavior and physiology of the brain, there have been remarkably few studies demonstrating how peptide release is causally linked to behaviors. This is likely due to both the different time scale by which peptides act on and the modulatory nature of their actions. For example, while glutamate release can effectively transmit information between synapses in milliseconds, peptide release is potentially slower [See the excellent review by Van Den Pol on the time scales and mechanisms of release (van den Pol, 2012)] and it can only tune the existing signals via modulation. And while there have been some studies exploring mechanisms of release, it is still not as clearly known what is required for efficient peptide release. Furthermore, this analysis could be complicated by the fact that there are multiple peptides released, some of which may act in contrast. Despite these limitations, there are a number of groups making progress in this area. The goal of this review is to explore the role of peptide signaling in one specific structure, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, that has proven to be a fertile ground for peptide action.
Basic fibroblast growth factor: a missing link between collagen VII, increased collagenase, and squamous cell carcinoma in recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: BACKGROUND: Patients with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) have deficiencies of collagen type VII and have elevated levels of fibroblast collagenase, and a greatly increased risk of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. Patients with other genetic blistering disorders do not have elevated collagenase or an increased risk of squamous cell carcinoma, despite chronic wounding. The connection between collagen type VII deficiency, increased collagenase, and squamous cell carcinoma is not understood.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Urine from 81 patients with RDEB (39 patients), junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB; 12 patients), and epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS; 30 patients), as well as unaffected family members of RDEB patients (33 patients), was tested for the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) using a sensitive radioimmunoassay. These patients included many who were enrolled in the Epidermolysis Bullosa Registry and others who were referred by their physicians.

RESULTS: Fifty-one percent of patients with RDEB had elevated levels (> 5000 pg/g) of urinary bFGF. In contrast, none of the patients with JEB had elevated levels of bFGF. Twenty-one percent of clinically unaffected family members had elevated levels of bFGF, and 13% of patients with EBS had elevated levels of bFGF. The frequency of elevated bFGF values among all groups was statistically significant (p = 0.002), and the levels of bFGF in RDEB patients were significantly elevated compared with those of other groups (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: We have found that patients with RDEB have elevated levels of bFGF, which may contribute to increased fibroblast collagenase and the development of squamous cell carcinoma. These results suggest a novel treatment for RDEB, namely, angiogenesis inhibitors, which may antagonize the effects of bFGF in this disorder. There are currently no other means of treatment for this disorder, which has a high morbidity and mortality rate.
Performance of a spherical high pressure gas TPC for neutrino magnetic moment measurement
Creators: name: Bouet, R.
name: Busto, J.
name: Cecchini, V.
name: Cerna, C.
name: Charpentier, P.
name: Dastgheibi-Fard, A.
name: Druillole, F.
name: Jollet, C.
name: Hellmuth, P.
name: Katsioulas, I.
name: Knights, P.
name: Giomataris, I.
name: Gros, M.
name: Lautridou, P.
name: Meregaglia, A.
name: Navick, X. F.
name: Neep, T.
name: Nikolopoulos, K.
name: Perrot, F.
name: Piquemal, F.
name: Roche, M.
name: Thomas, B.
name: Ward, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of neutrino magnetic moment larger than $10^{-19}μ_B$ would be a clear signature of physics beyond the standard model other than the existence of massive Dirac neutrinos. The use of a spherical proportional counter detector filled with gas at 40 bar located near a nuclear reactor would be a simple way to perform such a measurement exploiting the developments made on such a technology for the search of dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay. Different targets can be used just by replacing the gas: xenon, CF$_4$ and argon were compared and the sensitivity in one year of data taking could reach the level of $4.3 \times 10^{-12} μ_B$, $6.5 \times 10^{-12} μ_B$, and $8.5 \times 10^{-12} μ_B$, respectively.
description: 16 pages 5 figures
Invariant currents and scattering off locally symmetric potential landscapes
Creators: name: Kalozoumis, P. A.
name: Morfonios, C.
name: Diakonos, F. K.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of discrete symmetry breaking in inhomogeneous scattering media within the framework of generic wave propagation. Our focus is on one-dimensional scattering potentials exhibiting local symmetries. We find a class of spatially invariant nonlocal currents, emerging when the corresponding generalized potential exhibits symmetries in arbitrary spatial domains. These invariants characterize the wave propagation and provide a spatial mapping of the wave function between any symmetry related domains. This generalizes the Bloch and parity theorems for broken reflection and translational symmetries, respectively. Their nonvanishing values indicate the symmetry breaking, whereas a zero value denotes the restoration of the global symmetry where the well-known forms of the two theorems are recovered. These invariants allow for a systematic treatment of systems with any local symmetry combination, providing a tool for the investigation of the scattering properties of aperiodic but locally symmetric systems. To this aim we express the transfer matrix of a locally symmetric potential unit via the corresponding invariants and derive quantities characterizing the complete scattering device which serve as key elements for the investigation of transmission spectra and particularly of perfect transmission resonances.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures