cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on the mass and mixing of Z' bosons
Creators: name: Erler, J.
name: Langacker, P.
name: Munir, S.
name: Rojas, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We tested several models in which the Standard Model (SM) gauge group is extended by an additional U(1) gauge symmetry, against available electroweak precision data to impose limits on the mass of the neutral Z' boson, M_Z', predicted in all such models, and on the Z-Z' mixing angle, theta_ZZ', at 95% C.L. We found lower limits on M_Z' of order 1 TeV in most cases, while theta_ZZ' was found to be constrained to very small values.
description: Format fixed, 5 pages, 2 figures, Talk given at the 17th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY09), Boston, MA, USA, 5-10 June 2009, to be published in the conference proceedings (AIP)
On the Wavelength of the Rossby Waves Radiated by Tropical Cyclones
Creators: name: Krouse, Kyle D.
name: Sobel, Adam H.
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atmosphere
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Meteorology

description: The authors present a theory for the zonal wavelength of tropical depression–type disturbances, which occur as a result of Rossby wave radiation from a preexisting tropical cyclone (TC). In some cases, such disturbances undergo tropical cyclogenesis, resulting in a pair of tropical cyclones; the theory then predicts the zonal separation distance of such tropical cyclone pairs. Numerical experiments are presented in which a thermally forced vortex, superimposed on an initial state of rest, is moved at different velocities in a shallow-water model on a sphere. Vortices moving westward generate coherent wave trains to the east or southeast (depending on the amplitude of the vortex), resembling those in observations. The zonal wavelengths of these wave trains in each case are well described by the linear stationary solution in the frame comoving with the vortex. Vortices moving eastward or remaining stationary do not generate such trains, also consistent with linear theory, which admits no stationary solutions in such cases. It is hypothesized that the wavelengths of observed disturbances are set by the properties of the relevant stationary solution. The environmental flow velocity that determines this wavelength is not the translation velocity of the tropical cyclone, but the difference between the steering flow of the radiated Rossby waves and that of the TC. The authors argue that either horizontal or vertical shear in the environment of the TC can generate differences between these steering flows of the necessary magnitude and sign to generate the observed wavelengths.
Climatology of Intrusions into the Tropical Upper Troposphere
Creators: name: Waugh, Darryn W.
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Atmosphere
Atmosphere, Upper
Meteorology

description: Regions of upper tropospheric equatorial westerly winds, observed over the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans during northern fall to spring, are important for extratropical-tropical interactions. This paper focuses on one feature of these “westerly ducts” that has received relatively little attention to date: the occurrence of Rossby wave breaking events that transport tongues of extratropical air deep into the tropics, mix tropical and subtropical air, and can affect deep convection. A climatology of these “intrusion” events formed from 20 years of meteorological analyses shows a strong dependence on the basic-state flow. Notably, intrusion events are found to occur almost exclusively within westerly ducts, with more events in the presence of stronger equatorial westerlies. It is also found that there is strong interannual variability in the frequency of Pacific events, with fewer events during the warm phases of ENSO (consistent with the changes in the basic flow). Since these intrusion events laterally mix trace constituents and have been linked to tropical convection, their spatial and temporal variability may cause related variability in the distribution of trace constituents and tropical convection.
Late Miocene to Pleistocene Sequences at the New Jersey Outer Continental Shelf (ODP Leg 174A, Sites 1071 and 1072)
Creators: name: Metzger, J. M.
name: Flemings, P. B.
name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
name: Mountain, Gregory S.
name: Austin Jr., J. A.
name: Hesselbo, S. P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic
Continents
Geodynamics
Paleoclimatology

description: 2-D seismic, wireline log, and core data at ODP Leg 174A Sites 1071 and 1072 on the outer continental shelf of New Jersey reveal two major depositional sequences of late Miocene–Pliocene and Pleistocene age. The late Miocene–Pliocene sequence is a thick (∼100 m) deepening-upward succession landward of the clinoform rollover and a shoaling-upward succession seaward of the clinoform rollover. The Pleistocene sequence deepens abruptly near its base, shoals upward, and then deepens again before it is truncated by its overlying unconformity. There is no onlap onto clinoforms (no lowstand wedge) in either sequence. Sequence stratigraphic analysis and a geometric depositional model are used to interpret that the unusually thick transgressive component of the late Miocene–Pliocene sequence was formed by high-frequency eustatic cycles (1–2 m.y.) superimposed on a longer-term eustatic rise (∼5 m.y.). This conclusion is supported by independent evidence of eustasy. The sequences of this study are correlated to sequences in the North Atlantic coastal plain and in the Great Bahama Bank. These sequences have very different architectures than underlying middle Miocene sequences, which contain thick lowstand wedge deposits, and are interpreted to have formed by high-frequency eustatic cycles superimposed on longer-term eustatic fall.
Deposition of Na Clusters on MgO(001)
Creators: name: Baer, M.
name: Dinh, P. M.
name: Moskaleva, L. V.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
name: Roesch, N.
name: Suraud, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of deposition of small Na clusters on MgO(001) surface. A hierarchical modeling is used combining Quantum Mechanical with Molecular Mechanical (QM/MM) description. Full time-dependent density-functional theory is used for the cluster electrons while the substrate atoms are treated at a classical level. We consider Na$_6$ and Na$_8$ at various impact energies. We analyze the dependence on cluster geometry, trends with impact energy, and energy balance. We compare the results with deposit on the much softer Ar(001) surface.
Stratosphere–Troposphere Coupling in a Relatively Simple AGCM: The Role of Eddies
Creators: name: Kushner, Paul J.
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atmosphere
subject: Atmosphere, Upper
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The extratropical circulation response to cooling of the polar-winter stratosphere in a simple AGCM is investigated. The AGCM is a dry hydrostatic primitive equation model with zonally symmetric boundary conditions and analytically specified physics. It is found that, as the polar-winter stratosphere is cooled, the tropospheric jet shifts poleward. This response projects almost entirely and positively (by convention) onto the AGCM's annular mode. At the same time, the vertical flux of wave activity from the troposphere to the stratosphere is reduced and the meridional flux of wave activity from high to low latitudes is increased. Thus, as the stratosphere is cooled, the stratospheric wave drag is reduced. In order to understand this response, the transient adjustment of the stratosphere–troposphere system is investigated using an ensemble of “switch on” stratospheric cooling runs of the AGCM. The response to the switch-on stratospheric cooling descends from the upper stratosphere into the troposphere on a time scale that matches simple downward-control theory estimates. The downward-control analysis is pursued with a zonally symmetric model that uses as input the thermal and eddy-driving terms from the eddying AGCM. With this model, the contributions to the response from the thermal and eddy-driving perturbations can be investigated separately, in the absence of eddy feedbacks. It is found that the stratospheric thermal perturbation, in the absence of such feedbacks, induces a response that is confined to the stratosphere. The stratospheric eddy-driving perturbation, on the other hand, induces a response that penetrates into the midtroposphere but does not account, in the zonally symmetric model, for the tropospheric jet shift. Furthermore, the tropospheric eddy-driving perturbation, in the zonally symmetric model, induces a strong upward response in the stratospheric winds. From these experiments and from additional experiments with the eddying AGCM, it is concluded that the stratospheric eddy-driving response induces a tropospheric response, but that the full circulation response results from a two-way coupling between the stratosphere and the troposphere.
Attributing sense to some integrals in Regge calculus
Creators: name: Khatsymovsky, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C27, 53C05, 81S40

description: Regge calculus minisuperspace action in the connection representation has the form in which each term is linear over some field variable (scale of area-type variable with sign). We are interested in the result of performing integration over connections in the path integral (now usual multiple integral) as function of area tensors even in larger region considered as independent variables. To find this function (or distribution), we compute its moments, i. e. integrals with monomials over area tensors. Calculation proceeds through intermediate appearance of $δ$-functions and integrating them out. Up to a singular part with support on some discrete set of physically unattainable points, the function of interest has finite moments. This function in physical region should therefore exponentially decay at large areas and it really does being restored from moments. This gives for gravity a way of defining such nonabsolutely convergent integral as path integral.
description: 14 pages, presentation improved
K- absorption in nuclei by two and three nucleons
Creators: name: Magas, V. K.
name: Oset, E.
name: Ramos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It will be shown that the peaks in the (Lambda p) and (Lambda d) invariant mass distributions, observed in recent FINUDA experiments and claimed to be signals of deeply bound kaonic states, are naturally explained in terms of K- absorption by two or three nucleons leaving the rest of the original nuclei as spectator. For reactions on heavy nuclei, the subsequent interactions of the particles produced in the primary absorption process with the residual nucleus play an important role. Our analyses leads to the conclusion that at present there is no experimental evidence of deeply bound K- state in nuclei. Although the FINUDA experiments have been done for reasons which are not supported a posteriori, some new physics can be extracted from the data.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Talk presented at the International Conference on Exotic Atoms "EXA 2008", Vienna, Austria, September 15-18, 2008
Toroidal flux oscillation as possible cause of geomagnetic excursions and reversals
Creators: name: Busse, F. H.
name: Simitev, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proposed that convection driven dynamos operating in planetary cores could be oscillatory even when the oscillations are not directly noticeable from the outside. Examples of dynamo simulations are pointed out that exhibit oscillations in the structure of the azimuthally averaged toroidal magnetic flux while the mean poloidal field shows only variations in its amplitude. In the case of the geomagnetic field, global excursions may be associated with these oscillations. Long period dynamo simulations indicate that the oscillations may cause reversals once in a while. No special attempt has been made to use most realistic parameter values. Nevertheless some similarities between the simulations and the paleomagnetic record can be pointed out.
description: Published in PEPI
Structural and optical properties of high quality zinc-blende/wurtzite GaAs hetero-nanowires
Creators: name: Spirkoska, D.
name: Arbiol, J.
name: Gustafsson, A.
name: Conesa-Boj, S.
name: Glas, F.
name: Zardo, I.
name: Heigoldt, M.
name: Gass, M. H.
name: Bleloch, A. L.
name: Estrade, S.
name: Kaniber, M.
name: Rossler, J.
name: Peiro, F.
name: Morante, J. R.
name: Samuelson, L.
name: Abstreiter, G.
name: Morral, A. Fontcuberta i
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural and optical properties of 3 different kinds of GaAs nanowires with 100% zinc-blende structure and with an average of 30% and 70% wurtzite are presented. A variety of shorter and longer segments of zinc-blende or wurtzite crystal phases are observed by transmission electron microscopy in the nanowires. Sharp photoluminescence lines are observed with emission energies tuned from 1.515 eV down to 1.43 eV when the percentage of wurtzite is increased. The downward shift of the emission peaks can be understood by carrier confinement at the interfaces, in quantum wells and in random short period superlattices existent in these nanowires, assuming a staggered band-offset between wurtzite and zinc-blende GaAs. The latter is confirmed also by time resolved measurements. The extremely local nature of these optical transitions is evidenced also by cathodoluminescence measurements. Raman spectroscopy on single wires shows different strain conditions, depending on the wurtzite content which affects also the band alignments. Finally, the occurrence of the two crystallographic phases is discussed in thermodynamic terms.
description: 24 pages
Enzyme-Based Logic Systems for Information Processing
Creators: name: Katz, Evgeny
name: Privman, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We review enzymatic systems which involve biocatalytic reactions utilized for information processing (biocomputing). Extensive ongoing research in biocomputing, mimicking Boolean logic gates has been motivated by potential applications in biotechnology and medicine. Furthermore, novel sensor concepts have been contemplated with multiple inputs processed biochemically before the final output is coupled to transducing "smart-material" electrodes and other systems. These applications have warranted recent emphasis on networking of biocomputing gates. First few-gate networks have been experimentally realized, including coupling, for instance, to signal-responsive electrodes for signal readout. In order to achieve scalable, stable network design and functioning, considerations of noise propagation and control have been initiated as a new research direction. Optimization of single enzyme-based gates for avoiding analog noise amplification has been explored, as were certain network-optimization concepts. We review and exemplify these developments, as well as offer an outlook for possible future research foci. The latter include design and uses of non-Boolean network elements, e.g., filters, as well as other developments motivated by potential novel sensor and biotechnology applications.
Ionized gas in the starburst core and halo of NGC 1140
Creators: name: Westmoquette, M. S.
name: Gallagher, J. S.
name: de Poitiers, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep WIYN H_alpha SparsePak and DensePak spatially-resolved optical spectroscopy of the dwarf irregular starburst galaxy NGC 1140. The different spatial resolutions and coverage of the two sets of observations have allowed us to investigate the properties and kinematics of the warm ionized gas within both the central regions of the galaxy and the inner halo. We find that the position angle of the H_alpha rotation axis for the main body of the galaxy is consistent with the HI rotation axis at PA = 39 deg, but that the ionized gas in the central 20x20 arcsecs (~2x2 kpc) is kinematically decoupled from the rest of the system, and rotates at a PA approximately perpendicular to that of the main body of the galaxy at +40 deg. We find no evidence of coherent large-scale galactic outflows. Instead multiple narrow emission line components seen within a radius of ~1-1.5 kpc, and high [SII]/H_alpha ratios found beyond ~2 kpc implying a strong contribution from shocks, suggest that the intense star formation is driving material outwards from the main star forming zone in the form of a series of interacting superbubbles/shells. A broad component (1002 kpc. Based on recent work, we conclude that it is produced in turbulent mixing layers on the surfaces of cool gas knots embedded within the ISM, set up by the feedback from young massive star clusters. Our data suggest a physical limit to the radius where the broad emission line component is significant, and we propose that this limit marks a significant transition point in the development of the galactic outflow, where turbulent motion becomes less dominant. This mirrors what has recently been found in another similar irregular starburst galaxy NGC 1569.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures (6 colour). Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Tachyon Field in Intermediate Inflation
Creators: name: del Campo, Sergio
name: Herrera, Ramon
name: Toloza, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tachyonic inflationary universe model in the context of intermediate inflation is studied. General conditions for this model to be realizable are discussed. In the slow-roll approximation, we describe in great details the characteristics of this model.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in PRD
Field dependency of good versus poor readers as measured by the children's embedded figures test
Creators: name: Murphy, Lorne William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study explored the difference in field independent-dependent perception of good readers as compared with poor readers. To accomplish this, it was necessary to try to partial out or eliminate the effects of extraneous but influential variables. An attempt was made to experimentally control the following variables: (i) lack of familiarity with spoken English, (ii) visual defects, (iii) sex, (iv) age, and (v) number of years in school. The extraneous variable statistically controlled was nonreading verbal intelligence. A total of 49 second-grade boys constituted the sample of this study. Of these, 26 comprised the good-reader group and 23 the poor-reader group. They attended eight public elementary schools of Richmond, B.C. Three instruments were employed. These were the Metropolitan Achievement Test, Primary Battery II, Form B, "Reading Stories" subtest, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (Verbal Scale), and the Children's Embedded Figures Test. The statistical techniques applied were one-way analysis of co-variance and multiple regression analysis. The main hypothesis predicted a significantly higher level of field independence among good readers than among poor readers with the effects of nonreading verbal intelligence controlled. The data did not uphold this hypothesis. A sub-hypothesis predicted a significant positive correlation between field independence and reading comprehension, when level of verbal IQ was statistically controlled. The data did not support this hypothesis. The single variable which correlated most highly with reading comprehension was nonreading verbal IQ. In addition, verbal intelligence was a considerably more valid predictor of field dependency than was reading comprehension, which accounted for almost none of the field dependency variance. The negative results and the almost non-existent relationship between reading comprehension and field dependency were discussed in terms of the scoring procedures for the CEFT. It was felt that the standardized procedure possibly invites a good deal of extraneous variance, particularly since it apparently rewards reflective responses and penalizes impulsive responses. An alternate scoring technique was proposed which might reduce the possibility of contamination by the extraneous variable of impulsivity-reflectivity in responding.
Polynomial Linear Programming with Gaussian Belief Propagation
Creators: name: Bickson, Danny
name: Tock, Yoav
name: Shental, Ori
name: Dolev, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.5

description: Interior-point methods are state-of-the-art algorithms for solving linear programming (LP) problems with polynomial complexity. Specifically, the Karmarkar algorithm typically solves LP problems in time O(n^{3.5}), where $n$ is the number of unknown variables. Karmarkar's celebrated algorithm is known to be an instance of the log-barrier method using the Newton iteration. The main computational overhead of this method is in inverting the Hessian matrix of the Newton iteration. In this contribution, we propose the application of the Gaussian belief propagation (GaBP) algorithm as part of an efficient and distributed LP solver that exploits the sparse and symmetric structure of the Hessian matrix and avoids the need for direct matrix inversion. This approach shifts the computation from realm of linear algebra to that of probabilistic inference on graphical models, thus applying GaBP as an efficient inference engine. Our construction is general and can be used for any interior-point algorithm which uses the Newton method, including non-linear program solvers.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, appeared in the 46th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control and Computing, Allerton House, Illinois, Sept. 2008
Evaluating the Stratigraphic Response to Eustasy from Oligocene Strata in New Jersey
Creators: name: Pekar, Stephen F.
name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
name: Kominz, Michelle A.
name: Miller, Kenneth G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Continents
subject: Geodynamics
subject: Geology, Stratigraphic

description: Previously published Oligocene eustatic records are compared with observed stratigraphic architecture at the New Jersey continental margin in order to evaluate the stratigraphic response to eustatic change. Lower to mid-Oligocene sequence boundaries (33.8–28.0 Ma) are associated with relatively long hiatuses (0.3–0.6 m.y.), in which sedimentation in many places terminated during eustatic falls and resumed early during eustatic rises. Upper Oligocene sequence boundaries are associated with relatively short hiatuses (less than 0.3 m.y.), and provide the best constraints on phase relations between sea-level forcing and margin response. The interval represented by each upper Oligocene sequence varies in dip profile. At updip locations, landward of the clinoform rollover in the underlying sequence boundary, sedimentation commenced after the eustatic low and terminated before the eustatic high (with partial erosion of any younger record). At downdip locations, sedimentation within each sequence was progressively delayed in a seaward direction, beginning during the eustatic rise and terminating near the eustatic low. Combining data from all available boreholes, ages of sequence boundaries (correlative surfaces) correspond closely with the timing of eustatic lows, and ages of condensed sections (intervals of sediment starvation) correspond with eustatic highs.
Kinetic studies of dopamine D2 receptor molecular pharmacology
Creators: name: ALASTAIR CHARLES KEEN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60110 Receptors and Membrane Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60111 Signal Transduction
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology

description: The dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) found in the brain is the primary target for drugs used in the management of several neurological and neuropsychiatric diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia. However, these drugs are only effective for some symptoms and have multiple side effects. Therefore, this thesis focussed on increasing the understanding of the D2R to be able develop drugs for better symptom management with reduced side effects. Results included several new findings on how the D2R works, and a new molecular tool was developed to aid this. In combination, it is a step closer to improved drug design.
First-principles study of high-field piezoelectricity in tetragonal PbTiO3
Creators: name: Roy, Anindya
name: Stengel, Massimiliano
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate from first principles the nonlinear piezoelectric response of ferroelectric PbTiO3 for the case of a polarization-enhancing electric field applied along the tetragonal axis. We focus mainly on the case of fixed in-plane lattice constants, corresponding to epitaxially constrained thin films. We find that the dependence of the c/a ratio on electric field is almost linear in the range up to 500 MV/m, with little saturation. This result contrasts with expectations from Landau-Devonshire approaches based on experimental results obtained at lower fields, but is in qualitative agreement with a recent experiment in which higher fields were attained using pulsed-field methods. We also study cases in which the in-plane epitaxy constraint is removed, or an artificial negative pressure is applied, or both. These calculations demonstrate that PbTiO3 can show a strikingly non-linear piezoelectric response under modified elastic boundary conditions.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
The Emergence of Jets and Vortices in Freely Evolving, Shallow‐Water Turbulence on a Sphere
Creators: name: Cho, James Y‐K.
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Atmosphere
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Results from a series of simulations of unforced turbulence evolving within a shallow layer of fluid on a rotating sphere are presented. Simulations show that the turbulent evolution in the spherical domain is strongly dependent on numerical and physical conditions. The independent effects of (1) (hyper)dissipation and initial spectrum, (2) rotation rate, and (3) Rossby deformation radius are carefully isolated and studied in detail. In the nondivergent and nonrotating case, an initially turbulent flow evolves into a vorticityquadrupole at long times, a direct consequence of angular momentumconservation. In the presence of sufficiently strong rotation, the nondivergent long‐time behavior yields a field dominated by polar vortices—as previously reported by Yoden and Yamada. In contrast, the case with a finite deformation radius (i.e., the full spherical shallow‐water system) spontaneously evolves toward a banded configuration, the number of bands increasing with the rotation rate. A direct application of this shallow‐water model to the Jovian atmosphere is discussed. Using standard values for the planetary radius and rotation, we show how the initially turbulent flow self‐organizes into a potential vorticity field containing zonal structures, where regions of steep potential vorticity gradients (jets) separate relatively homogenized bands. Moreover, Jovian parameter values in our simulations lead to a strong vorticity asymmetry, favoring anticyclonic vortices—in further agreement with observations.
Lamarle Formula in 3-Dimensional Lorentz Space
Creators: name: Ersoy, Soley
name: Tosun, Murat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 3B30, 53C50, 14J26

description: The Lamarle Formula, given by Kruppa in \cite{Kr}, is known as a relationship between the Gaussian curvature and the distribution parameter of a ruled surface in the surface theory. The ruled surfaces were investigated in 3 different classes with respect to the character of base curves and rulings, \cite{Tu1},\cite{Tu2}. In this paper on account of these studies, the relationships between the Gaussian curvatures and distribution parameters of spacelike ruled surface, timelike ruled surface with spacelike ruling and timelike ruled surface with timelike ruling are obtained, respectively. These relationships are called as Lorentzian Lamarle formulas. Finally some examples concerning with these relations are given.
Heavy quark masses from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Heitger, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I outline the basic strategies for the computation of charm and bottom quark masses by means of lattice QCD, where particular emphasis is placed on the non-perturbative renormalization of the effective theory for the b-quark in heavy-light systems. A few selected results in the quenched approximation are reviewed, and the current status of extending these calculations to QCD with dynamical quarks is summarized.
description: Invited talk at the International Workshop on e^+e^- Collisions from Phi to Psi, PHIPSI08, 7-10 April 2008, INFN Frascati, Italy; 5 pages including figures, latex2e, uses espcrc2.sty
The discovery of a typical radio galaxy at z = 4.88
Creators: name: Jarvis, Matt J.
name: Teimourian, Hanifa
name: Simpson, Chris
name: Smith, Daniel J. B.
name: Rawlings, Steve
name: Bonfield, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we report the discovery of a z=4.88 radio galaxy discovered with a new technique which does not rely on pre-selection of a sample based on radio properties such as steep-spectral index or small angular size. This radio galaxy was discovered in the Elais-N2 field and has a spectral index of alpha = 0.75, i.e. not ultra-steep spectrum. It also has a luminosity consistent with being drawn from the break of the radio luminosity function and can therefore be considered as a typical radio galaxy. Using the Spitzer-SWIRE data over this field we find that the host galaxy is consistent with being similarly massive to the lower redshift powerful radio galaxies (~1-3L*). We note however, that at z=4.88 the H-alpha line is redshifted into the IRAC 3.6micron filter and some of the flux in this band may be due to this rather than stellar continuum emission. The discovery of such a distant radio source from our initial spectroscopic observations demonstrate the promise of our survey for finding the most distant radio sources.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Considering a Neoproterozoic Snowball Earth
Creators: name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
name: Sohl, Linda E.
name: Kennedy, Martin J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Paleoclimatology
subject: Submarine geology
subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: P. F. Hoffman et al. and N. Christie-Blick et al. discuss Hoffman et al.'s paper that "developed a modified 'snowball Earth' hypothesis (2) to explain the association of Neoproterozoic low-latitude glaciation with the deposition of 'cap carbonate' rocks bearing highly depleted carbon isotopic values (δ13C ≤ −5‰). According to Hoffman et al., the ocean became completely frozen over as a result of a runaway albedo feedback, and primary biological productivity collapsed for an interval of geological time exceeding the carbon residence time (greater than 105 years). During this interval, continental ice cover is inferred to have been thin and patchy owing to the virtual elimination of the hydrological cycle. "
Comments on Baryons in Holographic QCD
Creators: name: Seki, Shigenori
name: Sonnenschein, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the description of baryons as instantons of Sakai-Sugimoto model to the case where the flavor branes are non-anti-podal. The later corresponds to quarks with a "string endpoint mass". We show that the baryon vertex is located on the flavor branes and hence the generalized baryons also associate with instantons. We calculate the baryon mass spectra, the isoscalar and axial mean square radii, the isoscalar and isovector magnetic moments and the axial coupling as a function of the mass scale M_{KK} and the location ζof the tip of U-shaped flavor D8-branes. We determine the values of M_{KK} and ζfrom a best fit comparison with the experimental data. The later comes out to be in a forbidden region, which may indicate that the incorporation of baryons in Sakai-Sugimoto model has to be modified. We discuss the analogous baryons in a non-critical gravity model. A brief comment on the single flavor case (N_f=1) is also made.
description: 40 pages, 12 figures; v2: typos corrected and refs. added; v3: footnote added and typos corrected
Gebelikte Egzersiz
Creators: name: Zozan Akçekoce
name: Beyzanur Yavuz
name: Aşkın, Hatice
name: Can, Yasemin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Gebelikte egzersiz, Doğum, normal doğum

description: Anket çalışması
Feedback from central black holes in elliptical galaxies. I: models with either radiative or mechanical feedback but not both
Creators: name: Ciotti, L.
name: Ostriker, J. P.
name: Proga, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of the radiative feedback from SMBHs at the centers of elliptical galaxies is not in doubt, given the well established relations among electromagnetic output, black hole mass and galaxy optical luminosity. In addition, feedback due to mechanical and thermal deposition of energy from jets and winds emitted by the accretion disk around the central SMBH is also expected to occur. In this paper we improve and extend the accretion and feedback physics explored in our previous papers to include also a physically motivated mechanical feedback. We study the evolution of an isolated elliptical galaxy with the aid of a high-resolution 1-D hydrodynamical code, where the cooling and heating functions include photoionization and Compton effects, and restricting to models which include only radiative or only mechanical feedback. We confirm that for Eddington ratios above 0.01 both the accretion and radiative output are forced by feedback effects to be in burst mode, so that strong intermittencies are expected at early times, while at low redshift the explored models are characterized by smooth, very sub-Eddington mass accretion rates punctuated by rare outbursts. However, the explored models always fail some observational tests. If we assume the high mechanical efficiency of 10^{-2.3}, we find that most of the gas is ejected from the galaxy, the resulting X-ray luminosity is far less than is typically observed and little SMBH growth occurs. But models with low enough mechanical efficiency to accomodate satisfactory SMBH growth tend to allow too strong cooling flows and leave galaxies at z=0 with E+A spectra more frequently than is observed. We conclude that both types of feedback are required. Models with combined feedback are explored in a forthcoming paper [abridged]
description: 42 pages, 4 figures (low resolution), ApJ accepted
Possibility of generalized monogamy relations for multipartite entanglement beyond three qubits
Creators: name: Eltschka, Christopher
name: Osterloh, Andreas
name: Siewert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility to interpret the residual entanglement for more than three qubits in terms of distributed multipartite entanglement, or, in other words, possible extensions of the Coffman-Kundu-Wootters monogamy equality to higher qubit numbers. Existing knowledge on entanglement in multipartite systems puts narrow constraints on the form of such extensions. We study various examples for families of pure four-qubit states for which the characterization of three-qubit and four-qubit entanglement in terms of polynomial invariants is known. These examples indicate that, although families with such extensions do exist, a generalized monogamy equality cannot be found along those lines.
A comparison of two methods to assess diamond potential using major and trace element analysis of diamond heavy mineral concentrate (peridotitic and eclogitic garnets)
Creators: name: Lear, GR
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Thirty garnets from each of nine kimberlite pipes from southern Africa and Yakutia were analysed for major element as well as for trace element concentrations using electron and proton probes. The concentrates came from a mix of barren and diamondiferous kimberlites as well as from both on-craton and off-craton localities. The major element approach (using plots of CaO vs Cr\\(_2\\)O\\(_3\\)and Na\\(_2\\)O vs TiO\\(_2\\)) was used to predict the diamond potential of the source(s) from which the garnets were derived. Histograms of TiO\\(_2\\) were used to separate high and low temperature garnet populations. The major element method correctly predicted the diamond potential of the source of five out of nine (56%) of the concentrates from the geochemistry of the eclogitic garnets contained within them. The same garnets were analysed for trace element levels of nickel and the nickel concentration in each garnet grain was used to calculate its temperature of crystalisation by use of the garnet-nickel geothermometer. This temperature was then related to diamond potential by interpreting it in terms of the graphite and diamond stability fields. The two sets of predictions were then compared. The garnet-nickel geothermometer gave an accurate assessment of the diamond potential for six of eight pipes studied (75%). The two inaccurate predictions derived from the interpretative process not taking into consideration the shallowness of the lithosphere for one source (Nouzee) - giving a steeper than \ideal\" geotherm- and to the presence of a low temperature suite of concentrate garnets in the Roberts Victor sample. The analyses failed to confirm the presence of a single G10 garnet in one hundred and twenty seven peridotitic garnets examined from eight of the heavy mineral concentrates even though seven of these came from diamondiferous kimberlites five of which were of economic grade. This indicates that in those areas where soil sampling recovers quite small numbers of (peridotitic) garnets it may not be possible to adequately assess diamond potential using the presence or absence of G10 garnets."
Pre-Pleistocene Glaciation on Earth: Implications for Climatic History of Mars
Creators: name: Christie-Blick, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Paleoclimatology
subject: Planetary science

description: The history of ice ages on Earth, extending back more than 2 Ga (109 years), has been established by the recognition in strata of many ages of the assemblage of erosional features and deposits generated by glacial activity. The most useful indicators are widespread diamictite, striated and faceted clasts, polished and striated pavements, and laminites containing “dropstones” inferred to be ice-rafted. The chronology of ancient glaciation is limited by our ability to recognize the results of glacial activity in an incomplete geologic record and by the age resolution attainable with available dating methods. Ice ages are currently known from the Early Proterozoic (2.5-2.1 Ga ago), several intervals in the Middle to Late Proterozoic (1.0-0.57 Ga), the Late Ordovician to Late Silurian (440-415 Ma, or 106 years), possibly latest Devonian (360-345 Ma), Permo-Carboniferous (335-245 Ma), and late Cenozoic (26 Ma ago to the present). However, the timing of pre-Phanerozoic ice ages, occurring before 0.57 Ga ago, is known only approximately, and glacial events would have been shorter than is suggested by the bracketing ages. A generally warm climate seems to have prevailed for the remainder of Earth history, although Mesozoic-Cenozoic seismic stratigraphic evidence suggests that a small ice sheet may have been a persistent feature near the south pole throughout the last 500 Ma. Terrestrial climatic fluctuations occur on several time scales. The occurrence of ice ages on a time scale of 108−109 years, and possibly higher-frequency fluctuations (106−107 years), appears to be controlled by changes in solar output and atmospheric composition, and by the rearrangement of continents and oceans as a result of the motion of lithospheric plates. Climatic changes on a time scale of 104−105 years are driven by perturbations of the Earth's orbital parameters. The principal evidence suggesting that significant climate changes have occured on Mars consists of widespread dry channels (3.5-0.5 Ga?) and of geologically young dust-ice layered terrains in the polar regions (less than 10 Ma?). By analogy with the Earth, polar layered terrains have probably existed episodically on Mars for a considerable time although there is little direct evidence for this. Factors affecting a potential sedimentary record are the degree to which ice sublimed or melted, the effectiveness of eolian destruction of layering, and, in contrast to the present polar terrains, the tendency for ice to flow and slide over its substrate. As on Earth, climate changes on Mars have probably been induced by the long-term evolution of the atmosphere, by changes in solar luminosity, and by variations in orbital parameters. Major tectonic events may have affected Martian climate through changes in planetary obliquity.
Electron microscope study of a mycelial mutant of Ustilago hordei (Pers.) Lagerh.
Creators: name: Stein, Carla Winnifred
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A mutant mycelial colony of Ustilago hordei (Pers.) Lagerh.' was studied by light and electron microscopy to compare its general morphology with results obtained from earlier cytological studies. Its ultrastructure is also compared with that of other fungi. The results obtained from light microscopy generally agree with those from earlier work. Cells of the mycelia are very long, irregular in length, and contain numerous mitochondria and one to several nuclei. Electron microscopy reveals the walls of the mycelial cells to be single layered fibrillar structures. In apical regions all the characteristic organelles are present. The elongate mitochondria have plate-like cristae that lie parallel to the long axis of the mitochondri and the outer bounding membrane is often thicker than the inner one; these two features of the mitochondria are both unusual. Endoplasmic reticulum is sparse. Branch hyphae and septae are not present. In differentiated areas there is an increase in the number of vesicles and larger vacuoles. Mitochondria undergo rather unique changes whereby concentric lamellae are formed in a bulge of outer mitochondrial membrane. These concentric lamellae are engulfed by vacuoles in which the lamellae appear to be transformed into tubular bodies. At some point these vacuoles fuse with the plasma membrane and release their contents into the space between the plasma membrane and the cell wall. The vacuoles seem to act as lysosomes. Branch hyphae and septae are present. Degenerate regions are very vacuolated and contain many membranous structures. Few organelles are present. Mitochondria are distorted and their cristae swollen or absent. Dictyosomes and lomasomes are not present throughout the hyphae.
Optical pulse propagation in a switched-on photonic lattice: Rabi effect with the roles of light and matter interchanged
Creators: name: Shchesnovich, V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A light pulse propagating in a suddenly switched on photonic lattice, when the central frequency lies in the photonic band gap, is an analog of the Rabi model where the two-level system is the two resonant (i.e. Bragg-coupled) Fourier modes of the pulse, while the photonic lattice serves as a monochromatic external field. A simple theory of these Rabi oscillations is given and confirmed by the numerical solution of the corresponding Maxwell equations. This is a direct, i.e. temporal, analog of the Rabi effect, additionally to the spatial analog in optical beam propagation described in Opt. Lett. 32, 1920 (2007). An additional high-frequency modulation of the Rabi oscillations reflects the lattice-induced energy transfer between the electric and magnetic fields of the pulse.
description: 3 pages, 5 figures