cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The tangent function and power residues modulo primes
Creators: name: Sun, Zhi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A15, 33B10, 05A19

description: Let $p$ be an odd prime, and let $a$ be an integer not divisible by $p$. When $m$ is a positive integer with $p\equiv1\pmod{2m}$ and $2$ is an $m$th power residue modulo $p$, we determine the value of the product $\prod_{k\in R_m(p)}\tanπ\frac{ak}p$, where $$R_m(p)=\{0
description: 7 pages
Shear-free perfect fluids with a barotropic equation of state in general relativity: the present status
Creators: name: Bergh, Norbert Van den
name: Slobodeanu, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present status of the shear-free fluid conjecture in general relativity is discussed: a review is given of recent partial proofs, a new and complete proof is given for the case of a linear equation of state, including a non-zero cosmological constant, and a number of useful results are presented which might help in proving the conjecture for a general equation of state.
description: 28 pages, minor corrections
Improving Across-Dataset Brain Tissue Segmentation Using Transformer
Creators: name: Rao, Vishwanatha M.
name: Wan, Zihan
name: Arabshahi, Soroush
name: Ma, David J.
name: Lee, Pin-Yu
name: Tian, Ye
name: Zhang, Xuzhe
name: Laine, Andrew F.
name: Guo, Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.6

description: Brain tissue segmentation has demonstrated great utility in quantifying MRI data through Voxel-Based Morphometry and highlighting subtle structural changes associated with various conditions within the brain. However, manual segmentation is highly labor-intensive, and automated approaches have struggled due to properties inherent to MRI acquisition, leaving a great need for an effective segmentation tool. Despite the recent success of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for brain tissue segmentation, many such solutions do not generalize well to new datasets, which is critical for a reliable solution. Transformers have demonstrated success in natural image segmentation and have recently been applied to 3D medical image segmentation tasks due to their ability to capture long-distance relationships in the input where the local receptive fields of CNNs struggle. This study introduces a novel CNN-Transformer hybrid architecture designed for brain tissue segmentation. We validate our model's performance across four multi-site T1w MRI datasets, covering different vendors, field strengths, scan parameters, time points, and neuropsychiatric conditions. In all situations, our model achieved the greatest generality and reliability. Out method is inherently robust and can serve as a valuable tool for brain-related T1w MRI studies. The code for the TABS network is available at: https://github.com/raovish6/TABS.
Historical series regarding Belize
Creators: name: Navidad, Angel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Latin American History
subject: belize
subject: caribbean
subject: central-america
subject: guatemala
subject: history
subject: honduras
subject: humanities
subject: yucatan

description: Privately-funded ongoing work (October 2020 to present) to gather or build various historical data regarding Belize and predecessor and associated states
Unifying Gradients to Improve Real-world Robustness for Deep Networks
Creators: name: Wu, Yingwen
name: Chen, Sizhe
name: Fang, Kun
name: Huang, Xiaolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The wide application of deep neural networks (DNNs) demands an increasing amount of attention to their real-world robustness, i.e., whether a DNN resists black-box adversarial attacks, among which score-based query attacks (SQAs) are most threatening since they can effectively hurt a victim network with the only access to model outputs. Defending against SQAs requires a slight but artful variation of outputs due to the service purpose for users, who share the same output information with SQAs. In this paper, we propose a real-world defense by Unifying Gradients (UniG) of different data so that SQAs could only probe a much weaker attack direction that is similar for different samples. Since such universal attack perturbations have been validated as less aggressive than the input-specific perturbations, UniG protects real-world DNNs by indicating attackers a twisted and less informative attack direction. We implement UniG efficiently by a Hadamard product module which is plug-and-play. According to extensive experiments on 5 SQAs, 2 adaptive attacks and 7 defense baselines, UniG significantly improves real-world robustness without hurting clean accuracy on CIFAR10 and ImageNet. For instance, UniG maintains a model of 77.80% accuracy under 2500-query Square attack while the state-of-the-art adversarially-trained model only has 67.34% on CIFAR10. Simultaneously, UniG outperforms all compared baselines in terms of clean accuracy and achieves the smallest modification of the model output. The code is released at https://github.com/snowien/UniG-pytorch.
Knitting Knots & the Framing Anomaly
Creators: name: Drukker, Nadav
name: Paznokas, Elise
name: Schrimpel, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the twisting fault emerging in circular knitting and its relation to the mathematical concepts of framing curves and the Gauss linking integral. We create three knitted bands with framing zero, one, and negative two, and use three different techniques to compute the framing using the Gauss linking integral. We also briefly mention the connection to in Chern-Simons gauge theory.
description: 8 pages; Work presented at the Bridges Math-Art conference, Aalto University, Helsinki
Lightlike singular hypersurfaces in quadratic gravity
Creators: name: Berezin, V. A.
name: Ivanova, I. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the principle of least action, the motion equations for a singular hypersurface of arbitrary type in quadratic gravity are derived. Equations containing the "external pressure" and the "external flow" components of the surface energy-momentum tensor together with the Lichnerowicz conditions serve to find the hypersurface itself, while the remaining ones define arbitrary functions that arise due to the implicit presence of the delta function derivative. It turns out that neither double layers nor thin shells exist for the quadratic Gauss-Bonnet term. It is shown that there is no "external pressure" for null singular hypersurfaces. The Lichnerowicz conditions imply the continuity of the scalar curvature in the case of spherically symmetric null singular hypersurfaces. These hypersurfaces must be thin shells if the Lichnerowicz conditions are necessary. It is shown that for this particular case the Lichnerowicz conditions can be completely removed therefore a spherically symmetric null double layer exists. Spherically symmetric null singular hypersurfaces in conformal gravity are explored as application.
description: 32 pages, to be submitted to IJMPD
Wedge operations and torus symmetries II
Creators: name: Choi, Suyoung
name: Park, Hanchul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M25 (Primary), 57S25, 52B11, 13F55, 18A10 (Secondary)

description: A fundamental idea in toric topology is that classes of manifolds with well-behaved torus actions (simply, toric spaces) are classified by pairs of simplicial complexes and (non-singular) characteristic maps. The authors in their previous paper provided a new way to find all characteristic maps on a simplicial complex $K(J)$ obtainable by a sequence of wedgings from $K$. The main idea was that characteristic maps on $K$ theoretically determine all possible characteristic maps on a wedge of $K$. In this work, we further develop our previous work for classification of toric spaces. For a star-shaped simplicial sphere $K$ of dimension $n-1$ with $m$ vertices, the Picard number $\operatorname{Pic}(K)$ of $K$ is $m-n$. We refer to $K$ a seed if $K$ cannot be obtained by wedgings. First, we show that, for a fixed positive integer $\ell$, there are at most finitely many seeds of Picard number $\ell$ supporting characteristic maps. As a corollary, the conjecture proposed by V. V. Batyrev in 1991 is solved affirmatively. Second, we investigate a systematic way to find all characteristic maps on $K(J)$ using combinatorial objects called (realizable) puzzles that only depend on a seed $K$. These two facts lead to a practical way to classify the toric spaces of fixed Picard number.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure; corrected Theorem 2.2 and added Corollary 2.6 to prove a conjecture of Batyrev in 1991 in the second version
Formatos preferidos para la preservación y publicación en repositorios
Creators: name: Abedrapo Rosen, Isabel
name: Meneses Jorquera, Antia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Preservación
Formatos no propietarios
Repositorio Institucional

description: Tabla resumen de formatos no propietarios que promueven los principios FAIR y de preservación para documentos de texto, presentación, datos tabulares, base de datos, estadísticas, contenedores, geoespacial, video, audio, imagen y archivo web; desarrollado por el equipo del proyecto InES Ciencia Abierta de la Universidad Central de Chile.
Attractiveness Compensates for Low Status Background in the Prediction of Educational Attainment
Creators: name: Roberts, Brent W.
name: Shanahan, Michael J.
name: Bauldry, Shawn
name: Damian, Rodica
name: Russo, Rosemary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: People who are perceived as good looking or as having a pleasant personality enjoy many advantages, including higher educational attainment. This study examines (1) whether associations between physical/personality attractiveness and educational attainment vary by parental socioeconomic resources and (2) whether parental socioeconomic resources predict these forms of attractiveness. Based on the theory of resource substitution with structural amplification, we hypothesized that both types of attractiveness would have a stronger association with educational attainment for people from disadvantaged backgrounds (resource substitution), but also that people from disadvantaged backgrounds would be less likely to be perceived as attractive (amplification).
Hellings and Downs correlation of an arbitrary set of pulsars
Creators: name: Allen, Bruce
name: Romano, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) detect gravitational waves (GWs) via the correlations they induce in the arrival times of pulses from different pulsars. We assume that the GWs are described by a Gaussian ensemble. The mean correlation $h^2 μ_{\rm u}(γ)$ as a function of the angle $γ$ between the directions to two pulsars was predicted by Hellings and Downs (HD) in 1983. The variance $σ^2_{\rm tot}(γ)$ in this correlation was recently calculated by Allen[11] for a single noise-free pulsar pair at angle $γ$, which shows that after averaging over many pairs, the variance reduces to an intrinsic cosmic variance $σ^2_{\rm cos}(γ)$. Here, we extend this to an $arbitrary$ set of pulsars at specific sky locations, with pulsar pairs binned by $γ$. We derive the linear combination of pulsar-pair correlations which is the optimal estimator of the HD correlation for each bin, illustrating our methods with plots of the expected range of variation away from the HD curve, for the sets of pulsars monitored by three active PTA collaborations. We compute the variance of and the covariance between these binned estimates, and show that these reduce to the cosmic variance and covariance $s(γ,γ')$ respectively, in the many-pulsar limit. The likely fluctuations away from the HD curve $μ_{\rm u}(γ)$ are strongly correlated/anticorrelated in the three angular regions where $μ_{\rm u}(γ)$ is successively positive, negative, and positive. We also construct the optimal estimator of the squared strain $h^2$. When there are very many pulsar pairs, this determines $h^2$ with arbitrary precision because PTAs probe an infinite set of GW modes. To assess observed deviations away from the HD curve, we characterize several $χ^2$ goodness-of-fit statistics. We also show how pulsar noise and measurement noise can be included.
description: Final published version. Note that the arXiv version of the Abstract has been shortened to fit arXiv requirements
An electronic band sculpted by oxygen vacancies and indispensable for dilute superconductivity
Creators: name: Fauqué, Benoît
name: Collignon, Clément
name: Yoon, Hyeok
name: Ravi
name: Lin, Xiao
name: Mazin, Igor
name: Hwang, Harold Y.
name: Behnia, Kamran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dilute superconductivity survives in bulk strontium titanate when the Fermi temperature falls well below the Debye temperature. Here, we show that the onset of the superconducting dome is dopant-dependent. When mobile electrons are introduced by removing oxygen atoms, the superconducting transition survives down to $2 \times 10^{17}$ cm$^{-3}$, but when they are brought by substituting Nb with Ti, the threshold density for superconductivity is an order of magnitude higher. Our study of quantum oscillations reveals a significant difference in the band dispersion between the dilute metals made by these doping routes and our band calculations demonstrate that the rigid band approximation does not hold when mobile electrons are introduced by oxygen vacancies. We identify the band sculpted by theses vacancies as the exclusive locus of superconducting instability in the ultra-dilute limit.
description: 10 pages (including the supplement), 9 figures
Present status of coupled-channels calculations for heavy-ion subbarrier fusion reactions
Creators: name: Hagino, K.
name: Yao, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupled-channels method has been a standard tool in analyzing heavy-ion fusion reactions at energies around the Coulomb barrier. We investigate three simplifications usually adopted in the coupled-channels calculations. These are i) the exclusion of non-collective excitations, ii) the assumption of coordinate independent coupling strengths, and iii) the harmonic oscillator approximation for multi-phonon excitations. In connection to the last point, we propose a novel microscopic method based on the beyond-mean-field approach in order to take into account the anharmonic effects of collective vibrations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. A talk given at the 12th International Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (NN2015), June 21-26, Catania, Italy
Resonant frequencies of the hydrodynamic vortex
Creators: name: Vieira, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sound perturbation of the hydrodynamic vortex geometry and present an exact expression for the resonant frequencies (quasispectrum) of this geometry. Exact solution for the radial part of the covariant Klein-Gordon equation in this spacetime is obtained, and is given in terms of the double confluent Heun functions. We found that the resonant frequencies are complex number.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Belief in Food Addiction and Obesity-Related Policy Support
Creators: name: Gearhardt, Ashley N.
name: Schulte, Erica M.
name: Tuttle, Hannah M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: ObjectivesThis study examines whether belief in the food addiction construct is associated with support for obesity-related policies (e.g., restrictions on foods served in schools and workplace cafeterias, subsidies on fruits and vegetables), while simultaneously examining other factors associated with policy support (e.g., political party affiliation).DesignCross-sectional.SettingOnline Community.Participants200 individuals were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk.MeasurementsParticipants (n = 193) responded to three questions about belief in food addiction and a measure evaluating support for 13 obesity-related policy initiatives. Individuals also completed the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale (mYFAS), self-reported height and weight, and provided demographic information (age, gender, race, political party affiliation).ResultsBelief in food addiction was significantly associated with greater support for obesity-related initiatives, even when accounting for the significant associations of age, gender, and political party. Belief in food addiction and political party both had moderate effect sizes for predicting support for obesity-related policy. There was an interaction between age and belief in food addiction, with significant associations with policy support for both younger and older individuals, though the effect was larger for younger participants.ConclusionThe current study provides evidence that belief in food addiction is associated with increased obesity-related policy support, comparable to the influence of one’s political party. Growing evidence for the role of an addictive process in obesity may have important implications for public support of obesity-related policy initiatives.
Fourier coefficients and a filtration on Shv(Bun_G)
Creators: name: Lysenko, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R39, 14H60

description: We define a filtration by DG-subcategories on the DG-category Shv(Bun_G) of sheaves on the moduli of G-torsors on a curve, which is stable under the action of Hecke functors. We formulate a conjecture relating this filtration with another filtration on the spectral side of the categorical geometric Langlands conjecture. We also formulate a conjectural compatibility with the parabolic induction.
description: 27 pages; v2: presentation improved
Whence deep realism for Everettian quantum mechanics?
Creators: name: Arroyo, Raoni W.
name: Arenhart, Jonnas R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: `Shallow' and `deep' versions of scientific realism may be distinguished as follows: the shallow realist is satisfied with belief in the existence of the posits of our best scientific theories; by contrast, deep realists claim that realism can be legitimate only if such entities are described in metaphysical terms. We argue that this methodological discussion can be fruitfully applied in Everettian quantum mechanics, specifically on the debate concerning the existence of worlds and the recent dispute between Everettian actualism and quantum modal realism. After presenting what is involved in such dispute, we point to a dilemma for realists: either we don't have the available metaphysical tools to answer the deep realist's demands, and realism is not justified in this case, or such demands of metaphysical dressing are not mandatory for scientific realism, and deep versions of realism are not really required.
description: Forthcoming in Foundations of Physics
Big Data Sensors of Organic Advocacy: The Case of Leonardo DiCaprio and Climate Change
Creators: name: Althouse, Benjamin M.
name: Ayers, John W.
name: Obradovich, Nick
name: Allem, Jon-Patrick
name: Noar, Seth M.
name: Dredze, Mark
name: Fowler, James H.
name: Leas, Eric C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The strategies that experts have used to share information about social causes have historically been top-down, meaning the most influential messages are believed to come from planned events and campaigns. However, more people are independently engaging with social causes today than ever before, in part because online platforms allow them to instantaneously seek, create, and share information. In some cases this “organic advocacy” may rival or even eclipse top-down strategies. Big data analytics make it possible to rapidly detect public engagement with social causes by analyzing the same platforms from which organic advocacy spreads. To demonstrate this claim we evaluated how Leonardo DiCaprio’s 2016 Oscar acceptance speech citing climate change motivated global English language news (Bloomberg Terminal news archives), social media (Twitter postings) and information seeking (Google searches) about climate change. Despite an insignificant increase in traditional news coverage (54%; 95%CI: -144 to 247), tweets including the terms “climate change” or “global warming” reached record highs, increasing 636% (95%CI: 573–699) with more than 250,000 tweets the day DiCaprio spoke. In practical terms the “DiCaprio effect” surpassed the daily average effect of the 2015 Conference of the Parties (COP) and the Earth Day effect by a factor of 3.2 and 5.3, respectively. At the same time, Google searches for “climate change” or “global warming” increased 261% (95%CI, 186–335) and 210% (95%CI 149–272) the day DiCaprio spoke and remained higher for 4 more days, representing 104,190 and 216,490 searches. This increase was 3.8 and 4.3 times larger than the increases observed during COP’s daily average or on Earth Day. Searches were closely linked to content from Dicaprio’s speech (e.g., “hottest year”), as unmentioned content did not have search increases (e.g., “electric car”). Because these data are freely available in real time our analytical strategy provides substantial lead time for experts to detect and participate in organic advocacy while an issue is salient. Our study demonstrates new opportunities to detect and aid agents of change and advances our understanding of communication in the 21st century media landscape.
Shape function in QED and bound muon decays
Creators: name: Szafron, Robert
name: Czarnecki, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a particle decays in an external field, the energy spectrum of the products is smeared. We derive an analytical expression for the shape function accounting for the motion of the decaying particle and the final state interactions. We apply our result to calculate the muonium decay spectrum and comment on applications to the muon bound in an atom.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures v2: Corrected verrsion to appear in PRD
Diagonals of rational functions and selected differential Galois groups
Creators: name: Bostan, A.
name: Boukraa, S.
name: Maillard, J-M.
name: Weil, J-A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34M55, 47E05, 81Qxx, 32G34, 34Lxx, 34Mxx, 14Kxx

description: We recall that diagonals of rational functions naturally occur in lattice statistical mechanics and enumerative combinatorics. In all the examples emerging from physics, the minimal linear differential operators annihilating these diagonals of rational functions have been shown to actually possess orthogonal or symplectic differential Galois groups. In order to understand the emergence of such orthogonal or symplectic groups, we analyze exhaustively three sets of diagonals of rational functions, corresponding respectively to rational functions of three variables, four variables and six variables. We impose the constraints that the degree of the denominators in each variable is at most one, and the coefficients of the monomials are 0 or $ \pm 1$, so that the analysis can be exhaustive. We find the minimal linear differential operators annihilating the diagonals of these rational functions of three, four, five and six variables. We find that, even for these sets of examples which, at first sight, have no relation with physics, their differential Galois groups are always orthogonal or symplectic groups. We discuss the conditions on the rational functions such that the operators annihilating their diagonals do not correspond to orthogonal or symplectic differential Galois groups, but rather to generic special linear groups.
description: 28 pages Dedicated to R.J. Baxter, for his 75th birthday
Per Luca Ronconi (1933-2015): quasi una «leçon de ténèbres»
Creators: name: Longhi, Claudio
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2016

description: The recent death of Luca Ronconi (February 21st, 2015) became the occasion to retrace his artistic path, of a forever restless ‘adolescent’, and to understand better his typical traits. Among projects that will remain forever unfulfilled, titanic failures and visionary shows, the keystone of the poetics of Ronconi turns out to be an inexhaustible search of the infinite, in a dialectic between the exceeding of the limit and the strenuous comparison with its inescapable necessity. The theatre of Ronconi, in its giddy pursuit of ‘what has no end’, confesses its most genuine nature: an ‘anatomical’ theatre of death.
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 12 No 2 (2015): Anno XII / n.s. 2 – 2015
Anomalous Collective Dynamics of Auto-Chemotactic Populations
Creators: name: van der Kolk, Jasper
name: Rasshofer, Florian
name: Swiderski, Richard
name: Haldar, Astik
name: Basu, Abhik
name: Frey, Erwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the role of local interactions in nonequilibrium phase transitions is well studied, a fundamental understanding of the effects of long-range interactions is lacking. We study the critical dynamics of reproducing agents subject to autochemotactic interactions and limited resources. A renormalization group analysis reveals distinct scaling regimes for fast (attractive or repulsive) interactions; for slow signal transduction, the dynamics is dominated by a diffusive fixed point. Furthermore, we present a correction to the Keller-Segel nonlinearity emerging close to the extinction threshold and a novel nonlinear mechanism that stabilizes the continuous transition against the emergence of a characteristic length scale due to a chemotactic collapse.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures
Pflegepraktiken und Pflegealltag. Ein objektzentrierter Zugang
Creators: name: Atzl, Isabel
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 069 Museumswissenschaft

description: Das bei der Tagung des „Jungen Forums“ vorgestellte Promotionsprojekt befasst sich mit pflegerischen Praktiken im Kontext des stationären Alltags im Sinne der zwischenmenschlichen Interaktion am Krankenbett in der Krankenpflege um 1900 und versucht diesen ausgehend von Objekten zu rekonstruieren. Grundsätzlich ist die Pflege alter und kranker Menschen ohne Dinge, gleichgültig in welchem zeitlichen Horizont man sich bewegt, nicht durchführbar, jedoch sind Objekte für die Rekonstruktion pflegerischen Handelns in der historischen Forschung bislang unberücksichtigt geblieben. Die Dissertation untersucht das Themenfeld, ausgehend von erhalten gebliebenen Gegenständen in medizinhistorischen Sammlungen, mithilfe der primären Sammlungsforschung und setzt die Ergebnisse mit der überwiegend normativen Literatur in Beziehung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der methodische Zugang des gesamten Forschungsvorhabens umrissen und am Beispiel des Fieberthermometers verdeutlicht, wie dieser Ansatz ausgearbeitet werden soll. Es zeigt sich hier, dass nicht nur Aussagen zur Praktik des Fiebermessens selbst, sondern zugleich auch zur sozialen Ordnung am Krankenbett sowie zur zwischenmenschlichen Interaktion zwischen Pflegenden und Gepflegten getroffen werden können.
Birth Weight, Birth Length, and Gestational Age as Indicators of Favorable Fetal Growth Conditions in a US Sample
Creators: name: Bollen, Kenneth A.
name: Camerota, Marie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The “fetal origins” hypothesis suggests that fetal conditions not only affect birth characteristics such as birth weight and gestational age, but also have lifelong health implications. Despite widespread interest in this hypothesis, few methodological advances have been proposed to improve the measurement and modeling of fetal conditions. A Statistics in Medicine paper by Bollen, Noble, and Adair examined favorable fetal growth conditions (FFGC) as a latent variable. Their study of Filipino children from Cebu provided evidence consistent with treating FFGC as a latent variable that largely mediates the effects of mother’s characteristics on birth weight, birth length, and gestational age. This innovative method may have widespread utility, but only if the model applies equally well across diverse settings. Our study assesses whether the FFGC model of Cebu replicates and generalizes to a very different population of children from North Carolina (N = 705) and Pennsylvania (N = 494). Using a series of structural equation models, we find that key features of the Cebu analysis replicate and generalize while we also highlight differences between these studies. Our results support treating fetal conditions as a latent variable when researchers test the fetal origins hypothesis. In addition to contributing to the substantive literature on measuring fetal conditions, we also discuss the meaning and challenges involved in replicating prior research.
Drammaturgia di macchine nel teatro granducale fiorentino. Il teatro degli Uffizi da Buontalenti ai Parigi
Creators: name: Mamone, Sara
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2016

description: The essay covers the great Florentine representations of XVIth and XVIIth century, finding a common denominator (beyond the self-celebratory value) in the ‘virtuosity’ of the machinery, which soon exceeds the textual dramaturgy. This one, in fact, serves a peculiar ‘dramaturgy of the machines’, which become mythopoetic, bending the poetic invention to their own needs. Through a precise and detailed series of comparisons between the various episodes, here the history of the Medici’s spectacle is examined following a possible craft and engineering interpretation, precisely showing how the reutilization of the technological heritage conditioned the entirety of the spectacle.
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 12 No 2 (2015): Anno XII / n.s. 2 – 2015
La lumière et le temps sur la scène baroque : Poetique & Pratique
Creators: name: Siguret, Françoise
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2016

description: Time: Aristotle, in the Poetics, recommends the playwright to confine his tragedy within «two revolutions of the sun»; the concept refers to the light perception, to the fact that greek drama is acted in the open air. The messengers and the chorus represented on the stage, in the present time, what happened outside of it. In the age of the French classical theatre, the chronological sequence of the action had to conform to the laws of the reason: the so-called rule of the twenty-four hours became an indisputable rule of the action. A time exactly measured, substituting the time of the light, cyclical and mythical. In Italy, pastorals, mythological melodramas and all that belonged to the court entertainments (ballets, operas, tournaments) conformed to a cyclical time in which the four seasons constituted the scenery, linking life to the four liturgical seasons and to the four parts of the day, from noon to midnight (cfr. Endymion and the Ballet de la Nuit). Light: Need to light up the indoor playhouse for practical and moral issues. Italian craftsmen implement the technical tools; a certain difference between primary light (intended to light up the stage and the auditorium) and the lumi (the supplementary lighting related to a specific performance). Buontalenti’s lighting devices (sun, moon), rainbows, divine and princely splendour will enchant the spectators. France will discover these stagecraft effects with the Calandria (1548), without subsequent developments. Afterwards, Corneille will be fascinated by the ‘baroque’ charm (Médée, 1639 and Andromède, 1650). In the second half of the XVIIth century, while machinery invades opera and tragedy in music, Racine refuses anything intended to deceive the eye, though creates a lighting that may be «listened» (Britannicus). The Allegories (the «other discourse») convey meanings on the baroque stage through the perpetual slow motion of the gods and Time, till the final glory of the Prince: Cosimo = cosmos. Galileo and Vespucci, medicean glories, explorers of the theatre of the world, knew that History finds its own sense only in the perpetual motion of the earth around the sun. Time is nothing but a Light’s accident.
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 12 No 2 (2015): Anno XII / n.s. 2 – 2015
Towards Top-Down Automated Development in Limited Scopes: A Neuro-Symbolic Framework from Expressibles to Executables
Creators: name: Gu, Jian
name: Gall, Harald C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep code generation is a topic of deep learning for software engineering (DL4SE), which adopts neural models to generate code for the intended functions. Since end-to-end neural methods lack domain knowledge and software hierarchy awareness, they tend to perform poorly w.r.t project-level tasks. To systematically explore the potential improvements of code generation, we let it participate in the whole top-down development from \emph{expressibles} to \emph{executables}, which is possible in limited scopes. In the process, it benefits from massive samples, features, and knowledge. As the foundation, we suggest building a taxonomy on code data, namely code taxonomy, leveraging the categorization of code information. Moreover, we introduce a three-layer semantic pyramid (SP) to associate text data and code data. It identifies the information of different abstraction levels, and thus introduces the domain knowledge on development and reveals the hierarchy of software. Furthermore, we propose a semantic pyramid framework (SPF) as the approach, focusing on software of high modularity and low complexity. SPF divides the code generation process into stages and reserves spots for potential interactions. In addition, we conceived preliminary applications in software development to confirm the neuro-symbolic framework.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, accepted by ESEC/FSE 2023, the camera-ready version
«Il possesso della scena»: gente di teatro in musica tra Sei e Settecento
Creators: name: Maione, Paologiovanni
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2016

description: The present article investigates the training of female stage practitioners and their versatility in performing different genres. Through select case studies – such as those of Giulia de Caro and Teresa Gandini – it aims to trace the careers of actresses seeking to create an identity in the stage industry. Several sources describe their still unknown professional development, focusing both on parts and roles and on their performing skills (singing, dance, prose). As members of a society and a stage industry which still defy a thorough illustration, they reveal complex personalities that go far beyond brief and concise ‘biographies’. Needless to say, they interact with ‘multitasking’ colleagues, as can be seen in the troupes of Domenico Antonio Di Fiore and Gabriele Costantini, whose actors were eager to work on different ‘stages’, showing how varied and intriguing their specialization was.
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 12 No 2 (2015): Anno XII / n.s. 2 – 2015
Fault-Aware Non-Collective Communication Creation and Reparation in MPI
Creators: name: Rocco, Roberto
name: Palermo, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing size of HPC architectures makes the faults' presence a more and more frequent eventuality. This issue becomes especially relevant since MPI, the de-facto standard for inter-process communication, lacks proper fault management functionalities. Past efforts produced extensions to the MPI standard that enabled fault management, including ULFM. While providing powerful tools to handle faults, it still faces limitations like the collectiveness of the repair procedure. With this paper, we overcome those limitations and achieve fault-aware non-collective communicator creation and reparation. We integrate our solution into an existing fault resiliency framework and measure the overhead introduced in the application code. The experimental campaign shows that our solution is scalable and introduces a limited overhead, and the non-collective reparation is a viable opportunity for ULFM-based applications.
From conservatism to support for gay conversion therapy: the role of prejudice and beliefs about same-sex sexuality
Creators: name: de Souza, Flaviane Michelly Tenório
name: Pimentel, Carlos Eduardo
name: Pereira, Cicero Roberto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Support for Gay Conversion Therapy may be motivated by homophobic prejudice driven by conservative groups. We propose that Support for Gay Conversion Therapy (SGCT) is motivated by conservatism and that this relationship is mediated by prejudice against gay individuals. We tested these hypotheses in three studies. In Study 1 (N = 249), we found that conservative values predict SGCT, and that this effect is partly mediated by prejudice. In Study 2 (N = 247), we replicated this mediation and found that ethical-religious and psychological essentialist beliefs differently moderated it. Study 3 (N = 210) went further by experimentally showing the political consequences of SGCT. We showed that more conservative individuals tend to absolve psychologists who practice sexual conversion, and that both prejudice and conservative-motivated SGCT mediated this effect. We discussed these results by emphasizing the psychosocial process that motivates SGCT.
Additional file 1 of Assigning credit where it is due: an information content score to capture the clinical value of multiplexed assays of variant effect
Creators: name: Ranola, John Michael O.
name: Horton, Carolyn
name: Pesaran, Tina
name: Fayer, Shawn
name: Starita, Lea M.
name: Shirts, Brian H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1,
Digitale 3D-Modelle als Quellen der Objektforschung
Creators: name: Érsek, Erika
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 069 Museumswissenschaft

description: Im Jahr 2017 hat sich am Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ein Forschungsprojekt mit der 3D-Digitalisierung von histo-rischen Anlagen der Technik beschäftigt. Dabei wurden bildgebende Verfahren hinsichtlich ihrer Anwendungsmöglichkeiten und ihres Aussagewerts erforscht. Auf der Grundlage dieses Projektes soll ein Digitalisierungsvorhaben zur „3D-Digitalisierung von Kulturdenkmalen der Technik als Quellen der Technikgeschichte“ in der Förderlinie „eHeritage“ des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) beantragt werden. Die aufbereiteten 3D-Modelle sollen der objekt- und technikgeschichtlichen Forschung sowie verwandten Fachgebieten als Quellen dienen. Der vorliegende Beitrag berichtet aus der Praxis und skizziert den Gegenstand des Pilotforschungsprojekts und dessen Ergebnisse. Eine Dissertation zum Thema „Digitale 3D-Quellen in der Technikgeschichte“, die auf den Projekterkenntnissen aufbaut, wird derzeit durch die Projektbearbeiterin und Verfasserin dieses Berichts vorbereitet.
Restaurierung im Labor: Einsatz instrumenteller Analytik bei der Reinigung eines Glasfaserkleides
Creators: name: Holzer, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 069 Museumswissenschaft

description: Die Entscheidung zur Restaurierung eines Museumsstückes bzw. zu Art und Weise, wie sich dieser Prozess gestaltet, wird von verschiedenen Faktoren bestimmt: der Auswahl für eine Ausstellung, der Bedeutung des Exponats, dem finanziellen Budget und den Fertigkeiten des Restaurators etwa. In diesem Beitrag werden die Entscheidungsprozesse bei der Restaurierung bzw. genauer der Reinigung des Glasfaserkleids der Infantin Eulalia von 1893 behandelt. Das Kleidungsstück steht im Zentrum meiner Dissertation zum Erhalt historischer Glasfasertextilien. Die Restaurierung erfolgt in den neuen Laborräumen der Abteilung Restaurierungsforschung im Deutschen Museum. Zur Kontrolle und Dokumentation von Reinigungstests an Faserproben und am Kleid wurden die dortigen Laborgeräte herangezogen. Bei der Reflexion der eigenen Arbeitsweise wurde als Gedankenmodell das „Revelation-Investigation-Preservation Balance Triangle“ von Chris Caple genutzt.
A novel plasticity rule can explain the development of sensorimotor intelligence
Creators: name: Der, Ralf
name: Martius, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: I.2.9; I.2.6
subject: 68T40, 37N35, 68T05, 91E40, 92B20

description: Grounding autonomous behavior in the nervous system is a fundamental challenge for neuroscience. In particular, the self-organized behavioral development provides more questions than answers. Are there special functional units for curiosity, motivation, and creativity? This paper argues that these features can be grounded in synaptic plasticity itself, without requiring any higher level constructs. We propose differential extrinsic plasticity (DEP) as a new synaptic rule for self-learning systems and apply it to a number of complex robotic systems as a test case. Without specifying any purpose or goal, seemingly purposeful and adaptive behavior is developed, displaying a certain level of sensorimotor intelligence. These surprising results require no system specific modifications of the DEP rule but arise rather from the underlying mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking due to the tight brain-body-environment coupling. The new synaptic rule is biologically plausible and it would be an interesting target for a neurobiolocal investigation. We also argue that this neuronal mechanism may have been a catalyst in natural evolution.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 7 videos
Die Sammlung des Stiftes Neukloster. Entstehung, Bestand und Erhaltung
Creators: name: Runkel, Johanna
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 069 Museumswissenschaft

description: Fehlendes Wissen über eine Sammlung ist neben unsachgemäßer Lagerung die häufigste Ursache für Verluste. Aus diesem Grund muss sich eine adäquate Sammlungspflege auch mit der Erforschung und Zugänglichmachung des Bestandes beschäftigen. Diese interdisziplinäre Vorgehensweise kam im Stift Neukloster in Wiener Neustadt zum Einsatz und mündete in der Eröffnung der Kunst- und Wunderkammer. Die Sammlung weist mehr als 4.700 Einzelstücke auf und enthält unter anderem Elfenbeinschnitzereien, Steinschnittgefäße, Gemälde, Globen, antike Vasen, Klosterarbeiten, Muscheln und Mineralien. Seit 1998 war sie nicht für die Öffentlichkeit zugänglich, vollkommen unerforscht und unter inadäquaten Bedingungen gelagert. Nach mehr als drei Jahren intensiver Arbeit, währenddessen die Verfasserin mit ihrer Dissertation begann, wurden zahlreiche Restaurierungen vorgenommen sowie zwei Depots und ein Ausstellungsbereich eingerichtet. Die Neuaufstellung der Objekte macht die Geschichten und Zusammen­hänge wieder erfahrbar. Sie basiert auf der Erforschung der Sammlung, die sich auf die Inventarisierung, auf Archiv- und Literaturrecherche und auf Vergleichsbeispiele stützt. Die Ursprünge des heute unter dem Oberbegriff „Kunstkammer“ ausgestellten Bestandes werden in diesem Beitrag beleuchtet, ebenso die Sammlerpersönlichkeiten, Vorbilder und Einflüsse. Darüber hinaus wird die „Praxis der Theorie“ erläutert: Bei der Durchführung des Projekts standen Strategien der Sammlungspflege im Mittelpunkt, die vor allem durch nachhaltige Maßnahmen und eine klare Prioritätensetzung geprägt waren.
Diagnostics of quantum-gate coherences via end-point-measurement statistics
Creators: name: Gianani, Ilaria
name: Belenchia, Alessio
name: Gherardini, Stefano
name: Berardi, Vincenzo
name: Barbieri, Marco
name: Paternostro, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum coherence is a central ingredient in quantum physics with several theoretical and technological ramifications. In this work we consider a figure of merit encoding the information on how the coherence generated on average by a quantum gate is affected by unitary errors (coherent noise sources). We provide numerical evidences that such information is well captured by the statistics of local energy measurements on the output states of the gate. These findings are then corroborated by experimental data taken in a quantum optics setting.