cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transverse instability of line solitons in massive Dirac equations
Creators: name: Pelinovsky, Dmitry
name: Shimabukuro, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Working in the context of localized modes in periodic potentials, we consider two systems of the massive Dirac equations in two spatial dimensions. The first system, a generalized massive Thirring model, is derived for the periodic stripe potentials. The second one, a generalized massive Gross--Neveu equation, is derived for the hexagonal potentials. In both cases, we prove analytically that the line solitons suffer from instability with respect to periodic transverse perturbations of large periods. The instability is induced by the spatial translation for the massive Thirring model and by the gauge rotation for the massive Gross--Neveu model. We also observe numerically that the instability holds for the transverse perturbations of any period in the massive Thirring model and exhibits a finite threshold on the period of the transverse perturbations in the massive Gross--Neveu model.
Dark Matter Balls Help Supernovae to Explode
Creators: name: Froggatt, Colin D.
name: Nielsen, Holger B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a solution to the well-known problem that the shock wave potentially responsible for the explosion of a supernova actually tends to stall, we propose a new energy source arising from our model for dark matter. Our earlier model proposed that dark matter should consist of cm-large white dwarf-like objects kept together by a skin separating two different sorts of vacua. These dark matter balls or pearls will collect in the middle of any star throughout its lifetime. At some stage during the development of a supernova the balls will begin to take in neutrons and then other surrounding material. By passing into a ball nucleons fall through a potential of order 10 MeV, causing a severe production of heat - of order 10 foe for a solar mass of material eaten by the balls. The temperature in the iron core will thereby be raised, splitting up the iron into smaller nuclei. This provides a mechanism for reviving the shock wave when it arrives and making the supernova explosion really occur. The onset of the heating due to the dark matter balls would at first stop the collapse of the supernova progenitor. This opens up the possibility of there being {\em two} collapses giving two neutrino outbursts, as apparently seen in the supernova SN1987A - one in Mont Blanc, and one 4 hours 43 minutes later in both IMB and Kamiokande.
description: Published version in Mod. Phys. Lett
What we can learn from the spectral index of the tensor mode
Creators: name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Lin, Chia-Min
name: Matsuda, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the beginning of inflation is defined at the moment when the vacuum energy of the inflaton starts to dominate, the energy density of the other fields at that moment is (by definition) comparable to the inflaton. Although the fraction will be small at the horizon exit due to the inflationary expansion, they can alter the scale dependence of the spectrum. At the same time, velocity of the inflaton field may not coincide with the slow-roll (attractor) velocity. Those dynamics could be ubiquitous but can easily alter the scale dependence of the spectrum. Since the scale dependence is currently used to constrain or even exclude inflation models, it is very important to measure its shift, which is due to the dynamics that does not appear in the original inflation model. Considering typical examples, we show that the spectral index of the tensor mode is a useful measure of such effect. Precise measurement of the higher runnings of the scalar mode will be helpful in discriminating the source.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, Accetpted for publication in PLB
Unlocking the data in BBC news
Creators: name: Tarling, J.
name: Shearer, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: BBC news
subject: Linked data
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/0VYBYGEL
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/HGRGMCFH

description: Unlocking the data in BBC news
The shifted Poirier-Reutenauer algebra
Creators: name: Jing, Naihuan
name: Li, Yunnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Based on the shifted Schensted correspondence and the shifted Knuth equivalence, a shifted analog of the Poirier-Reutenauer algebra as a higher lift of Schur's P-functions and a right coideal subalgebra of the Poirier-Reutenauer algebra is constructed. Its close relations with the peak subalgebra and the Stembridge algebra of peak functions are also uncovered.
description: 20 pages
Public health impact of booster vaccination against COVID-19 in the UK during Delta variant dominance in autumn 2021
Creators: name: Mendes, Diana
name: Chapman, Ruth
name: Gal, Peter
name: Atwell, Jessica
name: Nguyen, Jennifer L.
name: Hamson, Libby
name: Di Fusco, Manuela
name: Czudek, Carole
name: Yang, Jingyan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: To evaluate the public health impact of the UK COVID-19 booster vaccination program in autumn 2021, during a period of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant predominance. A compartmental Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered model was used to compare age-stratified health outcomes for adult booster vaccination versus no booster vaccination in the UK over a time horizon of September–December 2021, when boosters were introduced in the UK and the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant was predominant. Model input data were sourced from targeted literature reviews and publicly available data. Outcomes were predicted COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) cases, deaths, and productivity losses averted, and predicted healthcare resources saved. Scenario analyses varied booster coverage, virus infectivity and severity, and time horizon parameters. Booster vaccination was estimated to have averted approximately 547,000 COVID-19 cases, 36,000 hospitalizations, 147,000 PASC cases, and 4,200 deaths in the UK between September and December 2021. It saved over 316,000 hospital bed-days and prevented the loss of approximately 16.5 million paid and unpaid patient work days. In a scenario of accelerated uptake, the booster rollout would have averted approximately 3,400 additional deaths and 25,500 additional hospitalizations versus the base case. A scenario analysis assuming four-fold greater virus infectivity and lower severity estimated that booster vaccination would have averted over 105,000 deaths and over 41,000 hospitalizations versus the base case. A scenario analysis assuming pediatric primary series vaccination prior to adult booster vaccination estimated that expanding vaccination to children aged ≥5 years would have averted approximately 51,000 additional hospitalizations and 5,400 additional deaths relative to adult booster vaccination only. The model did not include the wider economic burden of COVID-19, hospital capacity constraints, booster implementation costs, or non-pharmaceutical interventions. Booster vaccination during Delta variant predominance reduced the health burden of SARS-CoV-2 in the UK, releasing substantial NHS capacity.
iFishIENCi Report on regulatory framework and requirements (First Version)
Creators: name: Shrestha, Marie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Aquaculture
Fish nutrition
Innovation
Aquaculture Regulation
Standardisation

description: The overall objective of iFishIENCi is to provide the European aquaculture sector with a competitive advantage and growth stimulation through breakthrough innovations supporting sustainable aquaculture based on enabling technologies and circular principles. In that context, it is important to identify and assess the regulatory framework and requirements linked with the Fish farming industry and the nutrition and breeding in the European aquaculture. As the European aquaculture companies operate in complex markets with multifaceted interface at local and global level, the current report D4.12 focuses on the EU regulation, both sector specific and cross-sector regulation, for nutrition and breeding in the European aquaculture, followed by national regulations seen from a Maltese, Norwegian, Danish, Spanish, Greek, Hungarian, German and French (the countries of the consortium members) perspective. Although the European national regulations for a large part are implementation of EU regulation, there are differences, which influence the competitiveness of the national industry. iFishIENCi will also look out at responsible legislation of other countries such as Ireland, Scotland and Turkey (to start with) in order to identify lessons to learn from those countries. The objective of iFishIENCi project is also to develop and demonstrate a disruptive IoT/AI based innovations, considering the feeding value chain of aquaculture as a whole, and addressing four commercially-important species, with fish quality as focus. Limitations, constraints and opportunities in terms of Standardisation and Certification as well as the evaluation of informal institutions will be implemented along the lifetime of the iFishIENCi project. The existing framework is described in the current report D4.12, whereas the detailed methodology to be used and the results will be described in follow-up deliverables D4.13 and D4.14 (Report on regulatory framework and requirements 2nd and 3rd version).
МЕВАЧИЛИКДА ЙЎҚОЛИБ БОРАЁТГАН МАХАЛЛИЙ СЕЛЛЕКЦИЯ НАВЛАРИНИ САҚЛАБ ҚОЛИШНИНГ ЗАРУРИЯТИ ВА ИМКОНИЯТЛАРИ
Creators: name: Қурбонов, Аҳрор
name: Тўрақулова, Нилуфар
name: Zhong, Weizhou
name: Yang, Xueji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Мақолада халқ селексиясида топилган бир неча қимматли мева ва узум навлари намуналарининг тавсифлари келтирилган. Ноёб навларни сақлаб қолиш ва кўпайтиришнинг заруриати ва аҳамияти ёритилган.
Calibration of the NuSTAR High Energy Focusing X-ray Telescope
Creators: name: Madsen, Kristin K.
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Markwardt, Craig B.
name: An, Hongjun
name: Grefenstette, Brian W.
name: Bachetti, Matteo
name: Miyasaki, Hiromasa
name: Kitaguchi, Takao
name: Bhalerao, Varun
name: Boggs, Steve
name: Christensen, Finn E.
name: Craig, William W.
name: Forster, Karl
name: Fuerst, Felix
name: Hailey, Charles J.
name: Perri, Matteo
name: Puccetti, Simonetta
name: Rana, Vikram
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Walton, Dominic J.
name: Westergaard, Niels Jørgen
name: Zhang, William W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the calibration of the \textit{Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array} (\nustar) X-ray satellite. We used the Crab as the primary effective area calibrator and constructed a piece-wise linear spline function to modify the vignetting response. The achieved residuals for all off-axis angles and energies, compared to the assumed spectrum, are typically better than $\pm 2$\% up to 40\,keV and 5--10\,\% above due to limited counting statistics. An empirical adjustment to the theoretical 2D point spread function (PSF) was found using several strong point sources, and no increase of the PSF half power diameter (HPD) has been observed since the beginning of the mission. We report on the detector gain calibration, good to 60\,eV for all grades, and discuss the timing capabilities of the observatory, which has an absolute timing of $\pm$ 3\,ms. Finally we present cross-calibration results from two campaigns between all the major concurrent X-ray observatories (\textit{Chandra}, \textit{Swift}, \textit{Suzaku} and \textit{XMM-Newton}), conducted in 2012 and 2013 on the sources 3C\,273 and PKS\,2155-304, and show that the differences in measured flux is within $\sim$10\% for all instruments with respect to \nustar.
iFishIENCi Responsible Research & Innovation (RRI) Inreach Framework
Creators: name: Dankel, Dorothy Jane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RRI
Research
Innovation
Responsible Research and Innovation
Aquaculture

description: This document outlines the rationale and concrete protocol for the innovative “RRI-Inreach” strategy and activities that will support the EU H2020 iFishIENCi project in 2019–2022. Previously confidential to project partners, the author and iFishIENCi consortium make this method available for the benefit of the European research community.
A fast algorithm for estimating actions in triaxial potentials
Creators: name: Sanders, Jason L.
name: Binney, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an approach to approximating rapidly the actions in a general triaxial potential. The method is an extension of the axisymmetric approach presented by Binney (2012), and operates by assuming that the true potential is locally sufficiently close to some Stäckel potential. The choice of Stäckel potential and associated ellipsoidal coordinates is tailored to each individual input phase-space point. We investigate the accuracy of the method when computing actions in a triaxial Navarro-Frenk-White potential. The speed of the algorithm comes at the expense of large errors in the actions, particularly for the box orbits. However, we show that the method can be used to recover the observables of triaxial systems from given distribution functions to sufficient accuracy for the Jeans equations to be satisfied. Consequently, such models could be used to build models of external galaxies as well as triaxial components of our own Galaxy. When more accurate actions are required, this procedure can be combined with torus mapping to produce a fast convergent scheme for action estimation.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Probing cosmology with weak lensing selected clusters I: Halo approach and all-sky simulations
Creators: name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Hamana, Takashi
name: Yoshida, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a variety of statistics of clusters selected with cosmic shear measurement by utilizing both analytic models and large numerical simulations. We first develop a halo model to predict the abundance and the clustering of weak lensing selected clusters. Observational effects such as galaxy shape noise are included in our model. We then generate realistic mock weak lensing catalogs to test the accuracy of our analytic model. To this end, we perform full-sky ray-tracing simulations that allow us to have multiple realizations of a large continuous area. We model the masked regions on the sky using the actual positions of bright stars, and generate 200 mock weak lensing catalogs with sky coverage of ~1000 squared degrees. We show that our theoretical model agrees well with the ensemble average of statistics and their covariances calculated directly from the mock catalogues. With a typical selection threshold, ignoring shape noise correction causes overestimation of the clustering of weak lensing selected clusters with a level of about 10%, and shape noise correction boosts the cluster abundance by a factor of a few. We calculate the cross-covariances using the halo model with accounting for the effective reduction of the survey area due to masks. The covariance of the cosmic shear auto power spectrum is affected by the mode-coupling effect that originates from sky masking. Our model and the results can be readily used for cosmological analysis with ongoing and future weak lensing surveys.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Dark Ages Radio Explorer Mission: Probing the Cosmic Dawn
Creators: name: Jones, Dayton L.
name: Lazio, T. Joseph W.
name: Burns, Jack O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The period between the creation of the cosmic microwave background at a redshift of ~1000 and the formation of the first stars and black holes that re-ionize the intergalactic medium at redshifts of 10-20 is currently unobservable. The baryonic component of the universe during this period is almost entirely neutral hydrogen, which falls into local regions of higher dark matter density. This seeds the formation of large-scale structures including the cosmic web that we see today in the filamentary distribution of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. The only detectable signal from these dark ages is the 21-cm spectral line of hydrogen, redshifted down to frequencies of approximately 10-100 MHz. Space-based observations of this signal will allow us to determine the formation epoch and physics of the first sources of ionizing radiation, and potentially detect evidence for the decay of dark matter particles. JPL is developing deployable low frequency antenna and receiver prototypes to enable both all-sky spectral measurements of neutral hydrogen and ultimately to map the spatial distribution of the signal as a function of redshift. Such observations must be done from space because of Earth's ionosphere and ubiquitous radio interference. A specific application of these technologies is the Dark Ages Radio Explorer (DARE) mission. This small Explorer class mission is designed to measure the sky-averaged hydrogen signal from the shielded region above the far side of the Moon. These data will complement ground-based radio observations of the final stages of intergalactic re-ionization at higher frequencies. DARE will also serve as a scientific percursor for space-based interferometry missions to image the distribution of hydrogen during the cosmic dark ages.
description: 2015 IEEE Aerospace Conference
Connecting Disk Rings and Gaps with Exoplanets Demographics
Creators: name: Mulders, Gijs D
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Annular gaps and rings are common features in high-angular resolution surveys of protoplanetary disks. Sculpting of the dust radial distribution by unseen giant planets is a likely explanation for these structures, but begs the questions whether enough planets are available to explain all observed structures. By comparing the incidence of disk structures to the frequency of exoplanets, we can get a better handle on what unseen planets may be hiding in these disks.
In this talk, I will present the results of a large statistical study of ALMA resolved disks at intermediate spatial resolution. Taking into account selection biases and stellar mass dependencies of the population, we find that most structures in the outer disk can be attributed to (ice) giant exoplanets with masses between those of Neptune and Saturn. We also predict that smaller planets should cause a high incidence of sub-structures in the inner disk and around lower-mass stars — which is yet to be probed with sensitive high-angular resolution observations.
Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of aldehydes from aryl iodides and formic acid with propylphosphonic anhydride as the activator
Creators: name: Wu, Xiao-Feng
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorial libraries
subject: Homogeneous catalysis
subject: Synthetic chemistry methodology
subject: 620

description: An interesting palladium-catalyzed carbonylative procedure for the synthesis of aromatic aldehydes from aryl iodides has been developed. By using propylphosphonic anhydride as the activator for formic acid, moderate to good yields of the corresponding aldehydes were produced with formic acid as the carbonyl and hydrogen donors. Interestingly, neither additional phosphine ligand nor inert gas protection is needed here.
Perceived Language Barriers To Healthcare Delivery System - ADVENTIST MEDICAL CENTER COLLEGE  San Miguel, Iligan City
Creators: name: Ali, Nisrin
name: Angcap, Judelyn
name: Aragon, Erika Mae
name: Moner, Norhannah
Publisher: name: Academia.edu
Year: 2024

description: Title: : Perceived Language Barrier to Health care Delivery System

Researchers:

 Ali, Nisrin A.

Angcap, Judelyn

Aragon, Erika Mae E.

Moner, Norhanna D.

Researcher Adviser : Armelyn Grace M. Maghanoy, RN, MAN

Date Completed : June 11, 2024

Background and Aim: Understanding the barriers gave crucial for developing effective strategies to ensure equitable access to quality care for all patients. In this study, we aimed to systematically investigate perceived language barriers among patients at Gregorio T. Lluch Memorial Hospital, with a focus on common barriers, impact on patient-provider communication, patient satisfaction, and mitigation strategies.
Pressure enhanced superconductivity at 10 K in La doped EuBiS2F
Creators: name: Thakur, Gohil S.
name: Jha, Rajveer
name: Haque, Zeba
name: Awana, V. P. S.
name: Gupta, L. C.
name: Ganguli, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polycrystalline Eu0.5La0.5BiS2F was synthesized by solid state reaction which crystallizes in the tetragonal CeOBiS2 structure (P4/nmm). We report here enhancement of Tc to 2.2 K in Eu0.5La0.5BiS2F (by electron doping in EuBiS2F with Tc ~ 0.3 K). Eu0.5La0.5BiS2F is semiconducting down to 3 K and an onset of superconductivity is seen at 2.2 K at ambient pressure. Upon application of pressure the Tc could be enhanced upto 10 K. Step like features are seen in the resistivity curves at intermediate pressures (0.5 - 1 GPa) which hints towards the possible existence of two phases with different Tc. At a pressure above 1.38GPa, the Tconset remains invariant at 10 K but the Tc(\r{ho}=0) is increased to above 8.2 K. There is a possible transformation from a low Tc phase to a high Tc phase by application of pressure.
description: Accepted in Supercond. Sci. Technol. (Sept 2015)
THE IMPACT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES IN TEACHING
Creators: name: Khadjaeva, Naima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The advent of modern technologies has significantly transformed the landscape of education, reshaping traditional pedagogical methodologies. This paper explores the impact of advanced technologies such as e-learning, artificial intelligence, gamification, and collaboration tools on teaching and learning. By drawing on qualitative and quantitative analyses from various educational settings, this study outlines the benefits and challenges posed by these technologies. Results indicate that while modern technologies enhance student engagement and customized learning experiences, they also present issues such as digital divide and potential distractions. This comprehensive review aims to provide educators, policymakers, and stakeholders with insights to optimize technology integration in teaching.
Ordered states in the Kitaev-Heisenberg model: From 1D chains to 2D honeycomb
Creators: name: Agrapidis, Cliò Efthimia
name: Van Den Brink, Jeroen
name: Nishimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Magnetic properties and materials
subject: Phase transitions and critical phenomena
subject: 620

description: We study the ground state of the 1D Kitaev-Heisenberg (KH) model using the density-matrix renormalization group and Lanczos exact diagonalization methods. We obtain a rich ground-state phase diagram as a function of the ratio between Heisenberg (J = cosϕ) and Kitaev (K = sinϕ) interactions. Depending on the ratio, the system exhibits four long-range ordered states: ferromagnetic-z, ferromagnetic-xy, staggered-xy, Néel-z, and two liquid states: Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid and spiral-xy. The two Kitaev points ϕ=π2 and φ=3π2 are singular. The ϕ-dependent phase diagram is similar to that for the 2D honeycomb-lattice KH model. Remarkably, all the ordered states of the honeycomb-lattice KH model can be interpreted in terms of the coupled KH chains. We also discuss the magnetic structure of the K-intercalated RuCl3, a potential Kitaev material, in the framework of the 1D KH model. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the low-lying excitations of the 1D KH Hamiltonian can be explained within the combination of the known six-vertex model and spin-wave theory.
Examples of molecular self-assembly at surfaces
Creators: name: Whitelam, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The self-assembly of molecules at surfaces can be caused by a range of physical mechanisms. Assembly can be driven by intermolecular forces, or molecule-surface forces, or both; it can result in structures that are in equilibrium or that are kinetically trapped. Here we review examples of self-assembly at surfaces that have been studied within the User program of the Molecular Foundry at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, focusing on a physical understanding of what causes patterns seen in experiment. Some apparently disparate systems can be described in similar physical terms, indicating that simple factors -- such as the geometry and energy scale of intermolecular binding -- are key to understanding the self-assembly of those systems.
description: Mini-review of arXiv:1109.1450, arXiv:1311.2877, and arXiv:1311.7417
Strengthening of Al-Fe3Al composites by the generation of harmonic structures
Creators: name: Shahid, R.N.
name: Scudino, S.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Composites
subject: Mechanical properties
subject: 620

description: Strengthening of alloys can be efficiently attained by the creation of harmonic structures: bimodal microstructures generated by controlled milling of the particulate precursors, which consist of coarse-grained cores embedded in a continuous fine-grained matrix. Here, we extend the concept of harmonic structures to metal matrix composites and analyze the effectiveness of such bimodal microstructures for strengthening composites consisting of a pure Al matrix reinforced with Fe3Al particles. Preferential microstructural refinement limited to the surface of the particles, where the Fe3Al phase is progressively fragmented, occurs during ball milling of the Al-Fe3Al composite powder mixtures. The refined surface becomes the continuous fine-grained matrix that encloses macro-regions with coarser reinforcing particles in the harmonic composites synthesized during subsequent powder consolidation. The generation of the bimodal microstructure has a significant influence on the strength of the harmonic composites, which exceeds that of the conventional material by a factor of 2 while retaining considerable plastic deformation. Finally, modeling of the mechanical properties indicates that the strength of the harmonic composites can be accurately described by taking into account both the volume fraction of reinforcement and the characteristic microstructural features describing the harmonic structure.
A Survey on Hough Transform, Theory, Techniques and Applications
Creators: name: Hassanein, Allam Shehata
name: Mohammad, Sherien
name: Sameer, Mohamed
name: Ragab, Mohammad Ehab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For more than half a century, the Hough transform is ever-expanding for new frontiers. Thousands of research papers and numerous applications have evolved over the decades. Carrying out an all-inclusive survey is hardly possible and enormously space-demanding. What we care about here is emphasizing some of the most crucial milestones of the transform. We describe its variations elaborating on the basic ones such as the line and circle Hough transforms. The high demand for storage and computation time is clarified with different solution approaches. Since most uses of the transform take place on binary images, we have been concerned with the work done directly on gray or color images. The myriad applications of the standard transform and its variations have been classified highlighting the up-to-date and the unconventional ones. Due to its merits such as noise-immunity and expandability, the transform has an excellent history, and a bright future as well.
description: 18 pages, and 11 figures
Mast cell activation may contribute to adverse health transitions in COVID-19 patients with frailty
Creators: name: Li, Xiangqi
name: Zhang, Chaobao
name: Bao, Zhijun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: A prominent aspect of the post-coronavirus disease-2019 (post-COVID-19) era is long-COVID. Therefore, precise patient classification and exploration of the corresponding factors affecting long-COVID are crucial for tailored treatment strategies. Frailty is a common age-related clinical syndrome characterized by deteriorated physiological functions of multiple organ systems, which increases susceptibility to stressors. Herein, we performed an inclusion and exclusion analysis (definite COVID-19 infection diagnosis, clear underlying disease information, > 60 years old, and repeated sampling of clinical cases) of 10,613 blood samples and identified frailty cases for further investigation. RNA-Seq data were used for differential gene expression and functional and pathway analyses. The results revealed that patients with frailty were more prone to poor health conversions and more sequelae, and the blood transcriptome had obvious disturbances in pathways associated with immune regulation, metabolism, and stress response. These adverse health transitions were significantly associated with mast cell activation. Additionally, NCAPG, MCM10, and CDC25C were identified as hub genes in the peripheral blood differential gene cluster, which could be used as diagnostic markers of poor health conversion. Our results indicate that healthcare measures should be prioritized to mitigate adverse health outcomes in this vulnerable patient group, COVID-19 patients with frailty, in post-COVID era.
Probable nature of higher-dimensional symmetries underlying mammalian grid-cell activity patterns
Creators: name: Mathis, Alexander
name: Stemmler, Martin B.
name: Herz, Andreas V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Lattices abound in nature - from the crystal structure of minerals to the honey-comb organization of ommatidia in the compound eye of insects. Such regular arrangements provide solutions for optimally dense packings, efficient resource distribution and cryptographic schemes, highlighting the importance of lattice theory in mathematics and physics, biology and economics, and computer science and coding theory. Do lattices also play a role in how the brain represents information? To answer this question, we focus on higher-dimensional stimulus domains, with particular emphasis on neural representations of the physical space explored by an animal. Using information theory, we ask how to optimize the spatial resolution of neuronal lattice codes. We show that the hexagonal activity patterns of grid cells found in the hippocampal formation of mammals navigating on a flat surface lead to the highest spatial resolution in a two-dimensional world. For species that move freely in a three-dimensional environment, the firing fields should be arranged along a face-centered cubic (FCC) lattice or a equally dense non-lattice variant thereof known as a hexagonal close packing (HCP). This quantitative prediction could be tested experimentally in flying bats, arboreal monkeys, or cetaceans. More generally, our theoretical results suggest that the brain encodes higher-dimensional sensory or cognitive variables with populations of grid-cell-like neurons whose activity patterns exhibit lattice structures at multiple, nested scales.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Pinsker estimators for local helioseismology
Creators: name: Fournier, D.
name: Gizon, L.
name: Holzke, M.
name: Hohage, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74G75

description: A major goal of helioseismology is the three-dimensional reconstruction of the three velocity components of convective flows in the solar interior from sets of wave travel-time measurements. For small amplitude flows, the forward problem is described in good approximation by a large system of convolution equations. The input observations are highly noisy random vectors with a known dense covariance matrix. This leads to a large statistical linear inverse problem. Whereas for deterministic linear inverse problems several computationally efficient minimax optimal regularization methods exist, only one minimax-optimal linear estimator exists for statistical linear inverse problems: the Pinsker estimator. However, it is often computationally inefficient because it requires a singular value decomposition of the forward operator or it is not applicable because of an unknown noise covariance matrix, so it is rarely used for real-world problems. These limitations do not apply in helioseismology. We present a simplified proof of the optimality properties of the Pinsker estimator and show that it yields significantly better reconstructions than traditional inversion methods used in helioseismology, i.e.\ Regularized Least Squares (Tikhonov regularization) and SOLA (approximate inverse) methods. Moreover, we discuss the incorporation of the mass conservation constraint in the Pinsker scheme using staggered grids. With this improvement we can reconstruct not only horizontal, but also vertical velocity components that are much smaller in amplitude.
Modulations in martensitic Heusler alloys originate from nanotwin ordering
Creators: name: Gruner, M.E.
name: Niemann, R.
name: Entel, P.
name: Pentcheva, R.
name: Rößler, U.K.
name: Nielsch, K.
name: Fähler, S.
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Magnetic properties and materials
subject: Phase transitions and critical phenomena
subject: 620

description: Heusler alloys exhibiting magnetic and martensitic transitions enable applications like magnetocaloric refrigeration and actuation based on the magnetic shape memory effect. Their outstanding functional properties depend on low hysteresis losses and low actuation fields. These are only achieved if the atomic positions deviate from a tetragonal lattice by periodic displacements. The origin of the so-called modulated structures is the subject of much controversy: They are either explained by phonon softening or adaptive nanotwinning. Here we used large-scale density functional theory calculations on the Ni2MnGa prototype system to demonstrate interaction energy between twin boundaries. Minimizing the interaction energy resulted in the experimentally observed ordered modulations at the atomic scale, it explained that a/b twin boundaries are stacking faults at the mesoscale, and contributed to the macroscopic hysteresis losses. Furthermore, we found that phonon softening paves the transformation path towards the nanotwinned martensite state. This unified both opposing concepts to explain modulated martensite.
Approximate Bayesian Computation for Forward Modeling in Cosmology
Creators: name: Akeret, Joel
name: Refregier, Alexandre
name: Amara, Adam
name: Seehars, Sebastian
name: Hasner, Caspar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian inference is often used in cosmology and astrophysics to derive constraints on model parameters from observations. This approach relies on the ability to compute the likelihood of the data given a choice of model parameters. In many practical situations, the likelihood function may however be unavailable or intractable due to non-gaussian errors, non-linear measurements processes, or complex data formats such as catalogs and maps. In these cases, the simulation of mock data sets can often be made through forward modeling. We discuss how Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) can be used in these cases to derive an approximation to the posterior constraints using simulated data sets. This technique relies on the sampling of the parameter set, a distance metric to quantify the difference between the observation and the simulations and summary statistics to compress the information in the data. We first review the principles of ABC and discuss its implementation using a Population Monte-Carlo (PMC) algorithm and the Mahalanobis distance metric. We test the performance of the implementation using a Gaussian toy model. We then apply the ABC technique to the practical case of the calibration of image simulations for wide field cosmological surveys. We find that the ABC analysis is able to provide reliable parameter constraints for this problem and is therefore a promising technique for other applications in cosmology and astrophysics. Our implementation of the ABC PMC method is made available via a public code release.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 1 algorithm. Accepted for publication in JCAP. The code is available at http://www.cosmology.ethz.ch/research/software-lab/abcpmc.html
Spin-driven symmetry breaking in the frustrated fcc magnet MnS2
Creators: name: Kimber, Simon A. J.
name: Chatterji, Tapan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the characterisation of natural samples of the cubic pyrite mineral MnS2 using very high resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction techniques. At low temperatures we find a new low temperature polymorph, which results from coupling between magnetic and lattice degrees of freedom. Below the magnetic ordering temperature T_N= 48 K, we detect a pseudo-tetragonal distortion with a tiny c/a ratio of 1.0006. The structure can be refined in the space group Pbca. The symmetry lowering reduces magnetic frustration in the fcc Mn2+ lattice and is likely responsible for the previously reported lock-in of the magnetic propagation vector. This behaviour is similar to the frustration driven symmetry breaking reported in other three-dimensional Heisenberg magnets like the chromate spinels
Chemical Abundances in the Globular Clusters NGC 6229 and NGC 6779
Creators: name: A., Khamidullina D.
name: E., Sharina M.
name: V., Shimansky V.
name: E, Davoust
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-slit medium-resolution spectra of the Galactic globular clusters (GCs) NGC6229 and NGC6779, obtained with the CARELEC spectrograph at the 1.93-m telescope of the Haute-Provence observatory, have been used to determine the age, helium abundance (Y), and metallicity [Fe/H] as well as the first estimate of the abundances of C, N, O, Mg, Ca, Ti, and Cr for these objects. We solved this task by comparing the observed spectra and the integrated synthetic spectra, calculated with the use of the stellar atmosphere models with the parameters preset for the stars from these clusters. The model mass estimates, $T_{\rm eff}$, and log~g were derived by comparing the observed "color-magnitude" diagrams and the theoretical isochrones. The summing-up of the synthetic blanketed stellar spectra was conducted according to the Chabrier mass function. To test the accuracy of the results, we estimated the chemical abundances, [Fe/H], $\log~t$, and $Y$ for the NGC5904 and NGC6254 clusters, which, according to the literature, are considered to be the closest analogues of the two GCs of our study. Using the medium-resolution spectra from the library of Schiavon et al., we obtained for these two clusters a satisfactory agreement with the reported estimates for all the parameters within the errors. We derived the following cluster parameters. NGC6229: [Fe/H]=-1.65 dex, t=12.6 Gyr, Y=0.26, [α/Fe]=0.28 dex; NGC6779: [Fe/H]=-1.9 dex, t=12.6 Gyr, Y=0.23, [α/Fe]=0.08 dex; NGC5904: [Fe/H]=-1.6 dex, t=12.6 Gyr, Y=0.30, [α/Fe]=0.35 dex; NGC6254: [Fe/H]=-1.52 dex, t=11.2 Gyr, Y=0.30 [α/Fe]=0.025 dex. The value [α/Fe] denotes the average of the Ca and Mg abundances.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables
Debate Upon the Maine Liquor Law, Wednesday, October 9, 1952, at Clifton, N.J., between Rev. Mr. McNeir of Clifton, N.J., and G J. Beebe, of Middletown, N.Y.
Creators: name: Beebe, G. J.
Publisher: name: The Banner Office
Year: 1852

description: Copy of a debate between Rev. Mr. McNeir of Clifton, NJ and G. J. Beebe of Middletown, NY on the Maine liquor law.
Controlling the Schottky barrier at MoS2|metal contacts by inserting a BN monolayer
Creators: name: Farmanbar, Mojtaba
name: Brocks, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Making a metal contact to the two-dimensional semiconductor MoS2 without creating a Schottky barrier is a challenge. Using density functional calculations we show that, although the Schottky barrier for electrons obeys the Schottky-Mott rule for high work function ($\gtrsim 4.7$ eV) metals, the Fermi level is pinned at 0.1-0.3 eV below the conduction band edge of MoS2 for low work function metals, due to the metal-MoS2 interaction. Inserting a boron nitride (BN) monolayer between the metal and the MoS2 disrupts this interaction, and restores the MoS2 electronic structure. Moreover, a BN layer decreases the metal work function of Co and Ni by $\sim 2$ eV, and enables a line-up of the Fermi level with the MoS2 conduction band. Surface modification by adsorbing a single BN layer is a practical method to attain vanishing Schottky barrier heights.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Finite-Time Braiding Exponents
Creators: name: Budisic, Marko
name: Thiffeault, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Topological entropy is a common measure of the rate of mixing in a flow. It can be computed by partition methods, or by estimating the growth rate of material lines or other material elements. This requires detailed knowledge of the velocity field, which is not always available, such as when we only know a few particle trajectories (ocean float data, for example). We propose an alternative approximation to topological entropy,applicable to two-dimensional flows, which uses only a finite number of trajectories as input data. To represent these sparse data sets, we use braids, algebraic objects that record how strands, i.e., trajectories, exchange positions with respect to a projection axis. Material curves advected by the flow are represented as simplified loop coordinates. The exponential rate at which a braid deforms loops over a finite time interval as the strands exchange places is the Finite-Time Braiding Exponent (FTBE) and serves as a proxy for topological entropy of the two-dimensional flow. We demonstrate that FTBEs are robust with respect to the value of numerical time step,details of braid representation, and choice of initial conditions inside the mixing region. We also explore how closely the FTBEs approximate topological entropy depending on the number and length of trajectories used.
description: 16 pages, 27 figures. RevTex 4-1 style
title: Методы психологической саморегуляции состояний человека
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Новосибирский государственный университет экономики и управления «НИНХ»
Year: 2021

description: Практикум направлен на освоение студентами приемов и методов психологической саморегуляции различных состояний человека. Издание снабжено диагностическими тестовыми методиками и объемной подборкой приемов и методов регуляции состояний, с помощью которых студенты смогут выявить и проанализировать специфику собственных характеристик психофизиологических состояний и их влияние на эффективность жизнедеятельности, а также освоить и использовать методы, наиболее эффективные в конкретных практических ситуациях. Практикум адресован студентам, обучающимся по направлениям подготовки 37.03.01 «Психология», 37.05.02 «Психология служебной деятельности», 37.04.01 «Спортивная психология», а также изучающим психологию на других специальностях.
Generative Deep Learning Enables the Discovery of a Potent and Selective RIPK1 Inhibitor
Creators: name: Yueshan Li
name: Liting Zhang
name: Yifei Wang
name: Zou, Jun
name: Ruicheng Yang
name: Xinling Luo
name: Chenyong Wu
name: Yang, Wei
name: Chenyu Tian
name: Haixing Xu
name: Falu Wang
name: Yang, Xin
name: Linli Li
name: Shengyong Yang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: de novo molecular design
deep generative model
conditional recurrent neural network

description: Computer codes of the cRNN GDL model.
Relativistic thick accretion disks: morphology and evolutionary parameters
Creators: name: Pugliese, D.
name: Montani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore thick accretion disks around rotating attractors. We detail the configurations analysing the fluid angular momentum and finally providing a characterization of the disk morphology and different possible topologies. Investigating the properties of orbiting disks, a classification of attractors, possibly identifiable in terms of their spin-mass ratio, is introduced; then an attempt to characterize dynamically a series of different disk topologies is discussed, showing that some of the toroidal configuration features are determined by the ratio of the angular momentum of the orbiting matter and the spin mass-ratio of the attractor. Then we focus on "multi-structured" disks, constituted by two o more rings of matter orbiting the same attractor, and we proved that some structures are constrained in the dimension of rings, spacing, location and an upper limit of ring number is provided. Finally, assuming a polytropic equation of state we study some specific cases.
description: 38 pages, 25 figures multipaneles