cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The dependence of test-mass thermal noises on beam shape in gravitational-wave interferometers
Creators: name: Lovelace, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In second-generation, ground-based interferometric gravitational-wave detectors such as Advanced LIGO, the dominant noise at frequencies $f \sim 40$ Hz to $\sim 200$ Hz is expected to be due to thermal fluctuations in the mirrors' substrates and coatings which induce random fluctuations in the shape of the mirror face. The laser-light beam averages over these fluctuations; the larger the beam and the flatter its light-power distribution, the better the averaging and the lower the resulting thermal noise. In semi-infinite mirrors, scaling laws for the influence of beam shape on the four dominant types of thermal noise (coating Brownian, coating thermoelastic, substrate Brownian, and substrate thermoelastic) have been suggested by various researchers and derived with varying degrees of rigour. Because these scaling laws are important tools for current research on optimizing the beam shape, it is important to firm up our understanding of them. This paper (1) gives a summary of the prior work and of gaps in the prior analyses, (2) gives a unified and rigorous derivation of all four scaling laws, and (3) explores, relying on work by J. Agresti, deviations from the scaling laws due to finite mirror size.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Class. Quantum Grav
Hierarchical Paired Channel Fusion Network for Street Scene Change Detection
Creators: name: Lei, Yinjie
name: Peng, Duo
name: Zhang, Pingping
name: Ke, Qiuhong
name: Li, Haifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Street Scene Change Detection (SSCD) aims to locate the changed regions between a given street-view image pair captured at different times, which is an important yet challenging task in the computer vision community. The intuitive way to solve the SSCD task is to fuse the extracted image feature pairs, and then directly measure the dissimilarity parts for producing a change map. Therefore, the key for the SSCD task is to design an effective feature fusion method that can improve the accuracy of the corresponding change maps. To this end, we present a novel Hierarchical Paired Channel Fusion Network (HPCFNet), which utilizes the adaptive fusion of paired feature channels. Specifically, the features of a given image pair are jointly extracted by a Siamese Convolutional Neural Network (SCNN) and hierarchically combined by exploring the fusion of channel pairs at multiple feature levels. In addition, based on the observation that the distribution of scene changes is diverse, we further propose a Multi-Part Feature Learning (MPFL) strategy to detect diverse changes. Based on the MPFL strategy, our framework achieves a novel approach to adapt to the scale and location diversities of the scene change regions. Extensive experiments on three public datasets (i.e., PCD, VL-CMU-CD and CDnet2014) demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves superior performance which outperforms other state-of-the-art methods with a considerable margin.
description: To appear in Transactions on Image Processing, including 13 pages, 13 figures, 9 tables
Evolution of supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Volonteri, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are nowadays believed to reside in most local galaxies, and the available data show an empirical correlation between bulge luminosity - or stellar velocity dispersion - and black hole mass, suggesting a single mechanism for assembling black holes and forming spheroids in galaxy halos. The evidence is therefore in favour of a co-evolution between galaxies, black holes and quasars. In cold dark matter cosmogonies, small-mass subgalactic systems form first to merge later into larger and larger structures. In this paradigm galaxy halos experience multiple mergers during their lifetime. If every galaxy with a bulge hosts a SMBH in its center, and a local galaxy has been made up by multiple mergers, then a black hole binary is a natural evolutionary stage. The evolution of the supermassive black hole population clearly has to be investigated taking into account both the cosmological framework and the dynamical evolution of SMBHs and their hosts. The seeds of SMBHs have to be looked for in the early Universe, as very luminous quasars are detected up to redshift higher than z=6. These black holes evolve then in a hierarchical fashion, following the merger hierarchy of their host halos. Accretion of gas, traced by quasar activity, plays a fundamental role in determining the two parameters defining a black hole: mass and spin. A particularly intriguing epoch is the initial phase of SMBH growth. It is very challenging to meet the observational constraints at z=6 if BHs are not fed at very high rates in their infancy.
description: Extended version of the invited paper to appear in the Proceedings of the Conference "Relativistic Astrophysics and Cosmology - Einstein's Legacy"
Liberty and necessity in eighteenth-century Britain: the Clarke-Collins and Price-Priestley controversies
Creators: name: Horner, Andrew Philip
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This essay presents an analysis of two eighteenth-century controversies on liberty and necessity of the will . The first debate between Anthony Collins and Samuel Clarke took place in the early part of the century, and that between Richard Price and Joseph Priestley in the second half. The bulk of the essay relates to Clarke and Collins. In Chapter One I introduce the question of liberty and necessity in the context of a challenge to traditional theism through the work of Thomas Hobbes; Hobbes' compatibilist arguments were later adapted by Collins. In Chapter Two I consider Clarke's rationalist theology and his arguments for libertarianism presented in reaction to Hobbes in A Demonstration of the Being and Attributes of God (based on his 1704 Boyle Lecture series), and in Chapter Three the influence of John Locke on Collins' compatibilist position. Chapter Four is an examination of the texts of the debate itself , in the 'Dodwell' pamphlets published between 1707 and 1709, in Collins' A Philosophical Inquiry- Concerning Human Liberty (1717), and in Clarke's Remarks (1718) on Collin\s' book. I draw out evidence from the texts to show that, though nominally a general survey of the arguments, Collins wrote his Philosophical Inquiry with Clarke specifically in mind. In Chapter Five I turn to the later controversy between Richard Price and Joseph Priestley, considering Price's A Review of the Principal Questions and Difficulties in Morals (1758, revised 1769), Priestley's reply in The Doctrine of Philosophical Necessity Illustrated (1777), and finally the correspondence between them, published as A Free Discussion of the Doctrines of Materialism and Philosophical Necessity (1778). Price and Priestley were followers of Clarke and Collins respectively, and adapt many of their arguments. I argue that it is Priestley who develops the debate by incorporating Hume's reworking of causation in his Treatise (1739-40) and Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (1st edition 1748), a conception which is rejected by Price. I conclude, however, that it is Price, in his development of Clarke's arguments, who comes closest of the four to a satisfactory position.
Towards Overfitting Avoidance: Tuning-free Tensor-aided Multi-user Channel Estimation for 3D Massive MIMO Communications
Creators: name: Cheng, Lei
name: Shi, Qingjiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Channel estimation has long been deemed as one of the most critical problems in three-dimensional (3D) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), which is recognized as the leading technology that enables 3D spatial signal processing in the fifth-generation (5G) wireless communications and beyond. Recently, by exploring the angular channel model and tensor decompositions, the accuracy of single-user channel estimation for 3D massive MIMO communications has been significantly improved given a limited number of pilot signals. However, these existing approaches cannot be straightforwardly extended to the multi-user channel estimation task, where the base station (BS) aims at acquiring the channels of multiple users at the same time. The difficulty is that the coupling among multiple users' channels makes the channel estimation deviate from widely-used tensor decompositions. It gives a non-standard tensor decomposition format that has not been well tackled. To overcome this challenge, besides directly fitting the new tensor model for channel estimation to the wireless data via block coordinate descent (BCD) method, which is prone to the overfitting of noises or requires regularization parameter tuning, we further propose a novel tuning-free channel estimation algorithm that can automatically control the channel model complexity and thus effectively avoid the overfitting. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of both estimation accuracy and overfitting avoidance.
Copy of letter from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister to The Canadian Bank of Commerce, April 17, 1915
Creators: name: McAllister, John Edgar
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Copy of letter to The Canadian Bank of Commerce from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister, dated April 17, 1915, regarding check for credit at Bellevue Ranche.
All-optical trapping and acceleration of heavy particles
Creators: name: Peano, F.
name: Vieira, J.
name: Silva, L. O.
name: Mulas, R.
name: Coppa, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme for fast, compact, and controllable acceleration of heavy particles in vacuum is proposed, in which two counterpropagating lasers with variable frequencies drive a beat-wave structure with variable phase velocity, thus allowing for trapping and acceleration of heavy particles, such as ions or muons. Fine control over the energy distribution and the total charge of the beam is obtained via tuning of the frequency variation. The acceleration scheme is described with a one-dimensional theory, providing the general conditions for trapping and scaling laws for the relevant features of the particle beam. Two-dimensional, electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations confirm the validity and the robustness of the physical mechanism.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, to appear in New Journal of Physics
Modeling of the Tau and Muon Neutrino-induced Optical Cherenkov Signals from Upward-moving Extensive Air Showers
Creators: name: Cummings, A. L.
name: Aloisio, R.
name: Krizmanic, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed modeling and computation methodology to determine the optical Cherenkov signals produced by upward-moving extensive air showers (EASs) induced by $τ$-leptons and muons, sourced from the interaction of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos interacting in the Earth. Following and extending the physics modeling and Cherenkov signal simulations performed in arxiv:1902.11287, this scheme encompasses a new, state-of-the-art computation of the muon neutrino propagation inside the Earth and the contribution to the $τ$-lepton muon decay channel. The modeling takes into account all possible $τ$-lepton decay and muon energy loss channels that feed the optical Cherenkov emission, produced by both tau and muon initiated EASs. The EAS modeling uses the electron energy, angular, and lateral distributions in the EAS and their evolution as well as the wavelength dependence of the Cherenkov emission and its atmospheric attenuation. The results presented here are focused on the detection capabilities of sub-orbital (balloon-borne) and orbital (satellite) based instruments. The latter case was calculated for POEMMA to compare to that presented in arxiv:1902.11287, specifically including the muon-decay channel of $τ$-leptons and the muonic EAS Cherenkov signal from muon neutrino interactions in the Earth. By detailing all these individual contributions to the optical Cherenkov emission and detection, we show how the ensemble that includes muonic channels provides a large detection capability for space-based, high-energy cosmic neutrino detection. Specifically, we show that for neutrino energies $\lt$ 10 PeV, the upward-EAS sensitivity due to muon neutrino interactions in the Earth begin to dominate over that for tau neutrino interactions, effectively extending the neutrino sensitivity to lower energies.
Attracting teacher candidates from regional and rural areas to initial teacher education (ITE) programs: Initiatives and evidence of impact
Creators: name: Barnes, Melissa
name: Murphy, Steven
name: Chakma, Urmee
name: Li, Bingqing
name: Amina, Farrukh
name: Walker-Gibbs, Bernadette
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems

description: To address teacher shortages in regional and rural areas, a number of initiatives have been implemented to attract teacher candidates, particularly from regional and rural areas, to teach in these areas. This systematic literature review aims to identify such initiatives reported between 2000 and 2022 and the evidence of their impact. Of the 15 articles identified, this review revealed that federally and state-funded alternative pathways, as well as university–school partnerships, have initiated promising teaching pathways for teacher candidates from regional and rural areas. Despite this, however, there is limited systematic evidence of the impact of these initiatives.
Uncertainty quantification in sunspot counts
Creators: name: Mathieu, Sophie
name: Delouille, Véronique
name: Lefèvre, Laure
name: Ritter, Christian
name: von Sachs, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observing and counting sunspots constitutes one of the longest-running scientific experiment, with first observations dating back to Galileo and the invention of the telescope around 1610. Today the sunspot number (SN) time series acts as a benchmark of solar activity in a large range of physical models. An appropriate statistical modelling, adapted to the time series' complex nature, is however still lacking. In this work, we provide the first comprehensive uncertainty quantification analysis of sunspot counts. Our interest lies in the following three components: the number of spots ($N_s$), the number of sunspot groups ($N_g$), and the composite $N_c$, defined as $N_c:=N_s+10N_g$. Those are reported by a network of observatories around the world, and are corrupted by errors of various types. We use a multiplicative framework to provide, for each of the three components, an estimation of their error distribution in various regimes (short-term, long-term, minima of solar activity). We also propose a robust estimator for the underlying solar signal and fit a density distribution that takes into account intrinsic characteristics such as over-dispersion, excess of zeros, and multiple modes. The estimation of the solar signal underlying the composite $N_c$ may be seen as a robust version of the International Sunspot Number (ISN), a quantity widely used as a proxy of solar activity. Therefore our results on $N_c$ may serve to characterize the uncertainty on ISN as well. Our results paves the way for a future monitoring of the observatories in quasi-real time, with the aim to alert the observers when they start deviating from the network and prevent large drifts from occurring in the network.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, journal paper
How a Supercooled Liquid Borrows Structure from the Crystal
Creators: name: Pedersen, Ulf
name: Douglass, Ian
name: Harrowell, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using computer simulations, we establish that the structure of a supercooled binary atomic liquid mixture consists of common neighbour structures similar to those found in the equilibrium crystal phase, a Laves structure. Despite the large accumulation of crystal-like structure, we establish that the supercooled liquid represents a true metastable liquid and that liquid can borrow crystal structure without being destabilized. We consider whether this feature might be the origin of all instances of liquids of a strongly favoured local structure.
The Spectator Electromagnetic Effect on Charged Pion Spectra in Peripheral Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Rybicki, Andrzej
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the electromagnetic effect of the spectator charge on the momentum spectra of $π^+$ and $π^-$ produced in peripheral Pb+Pb collisions at SPS energies. We find that the effect is large and results in strongly varying structures in the $x_F$ dependence of the $π^+/π^-$ ratio, especially at low transverse momenta where a deep valley in the above ratio is predicted at $x_F \sim$ 0.15 -- 0.20. It appears that the effect depends on initial conditions. Thus, it provides new information on the space and time evolution of the non-perturbative pion creation process.
description: 20 pages and 8 figures
Large-j Expansion Method for Two-Body Dirac Equation
Creators: name: Duviryak, Askold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using symmetry properties, the two-body Dirac equation in coordinate representation is reduced to the coupled pair of radial second-order differential equations. Then the large-j expansion technique is used to solve a bound state problem. Linear-plus-Coulomb potentials of different spin structure are examined in order to describe the asymptotic degeneracy and fine splitting of light meson spectra.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Spectrum of the Lichnerowicz Laplacian on asymptotically hyperbolic surfaces
Creators: name: Delay, Erwann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P15; 58J50; 47A53

description: We show that, on any asymptotically hyperbolic surface, the essential spectrum of the Lichnerowicz Laplacian $Δ_L$ contains the ray $[{1/4},+\infty[$. If moreover the scalar curvature is constant then -2 and 0 are infinite dimensional eigenvalues. If, in addition, the inequality $_{L^2}\geq \frac14||u||^2_{L^2}$ holds for all smooth compactly supported function $u$, then there is no other value in the spectrum.
description: 13 pages
Probing molecular excited states by atomic force microscopy
Creators: name: Fatayer, Shadi
name: Albrecht, Florian
name: Tavernelli, Ivano
name: Persson, Mats
name: Moll, Nikolaj
name: Gross, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By employing single charge injections with an atomic force microscope, we investigated redox reactions of a molecule on a multilayer insulating film. First, we charged the molecule positively by attaching a single hole. Then we neutralized it by attaching an electron and observed three channels for the neutralization. We rationalize that the three channels correspond to transitions to the neutral ground state, to the lowest energy triplet excited states and to the lowest energy singlet excited states. By single-electron tunneling spectroscopy we measured the energy differences between the transitions obtaining triplet and singlet excited state energies. The experimental values are compared with density functional theory calculations of the excited state energies. Our results show that molecules in excited states can be prepared and that energies of optical gaps can be quantified by controlled single-charge injections. Our work demonstrates the access to, and provides insight into, ubiquitous electron-attachment processes related to excited-state transitions important in electron transfer and molecular optoelectronics phenomena on surfaces.
Coverage dependence of the 1-propanol adsorption on the Si(001) surface and fragmentation dynamics
Creators: name: Zhou, Jian-Ge
name: Hagelberg, Frank
name: Xiao, Chuanyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geometric, electronic, energetic, and dynamic properties of 1-propanol adsorbed on the Si(001)-2x1 surface are studied from first principles by use of a slab approach. The 1-propanol molecule initially interacts with the Si surface through formation of a dative bond, subsequently the physisorbed 1-propanol molecule reacts with the surface by cleavage of the O-H bond, and the Si(001)-2x1 surface undergoes further reconstruction as a result of the adsorption of the organic species. The band structure and density of states (DOS) are first analyzed for this system. The band gap of the Si/1-propanol film increases as the coverage level is enhanced. Good agreement is found with available experimental data.
description: 29 pages, 15 figures, 8 tables, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
title: Revue d'études proustiennes. 2015-2, n° 2
title: Proust en perspectives : visions et révisions
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Roman français
subject: À la recherche du temps perdu
subject: Littérature du XXe siècle
subject: Critique génétique
subject: Analyse d'art
subject: Philip Kolb
subject: John Ruskin
subject: Gender studies
subject: Queer studies

description: Cet ouvrage offre un panorama des principaux courants de la critique proustienne. Dix-huit spécialistes de générations et nationalités différentes proposent des analyses novatrices et des hypothèses stimulantes, renouvelant nos lectures de Proust en ce début de xxie siècle.
description: This work offers a panorama of the principle currents in Proustian criticism. Eighteen specialists of different generations and nationalities provide innovative analyses and stimulating hypotheses, renewing our readings of Proust in the beginning of the twenty-first century.
Annen, Franz (Hg.): Versöhnt durch den Opfertod Christi?
Creators: name: Klaiber, Walter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2012): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 61, Heft 1
Cluster structure of optimal solutions in bipartitioning of small worlds
Creators: name: Lipowski, Adam
name: Ferreira, Antonio L.
name: Lipowska, Dorota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using a simulated annealing, we examine a bipartitioning of small worlds obtained by adding a fraction of randomly chosen links to a one-dimensional chain or a square lattice. Models defined on small worlds typically exhibit a mean-field behaviour, regardless of the underlying lattice. Our work demonstrates that the bipartitioning of small worlds does depend on the underlying lattice. Simulations show that for one-dimensional small worlds, optimal partitions are finite size clusters for any fraction of additional links. In the two-dimensional case, we observe two regimes: when the fraction of additional links is sufficiently small, the optimal partitions have a stripe-like shape, which is lost for larger number of additional links as optimal partitions become disordered. Some arguments, which interpret additional links as thermal excitations and refer to the thermodynamics of Ising models, suggest a qualitatitve explanation of such a behaviour. The histogram of overlaps suggests that a replica symmetry is broken in a one-dimensional small world. In the two-dimensional case, the replica symmetry seems to hold but with some additional degeneracy of stripe-like partitions.
description: 12 pages
Bulletin de la Société internationale des amis de Montaigne. 2014-2 et 2015-1, n° 60-61
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Littérature de la Renaissance
subject: Philosophie
subject: Politique
subject: Théologie
subject: Anthropologie
subject: Cannibalisme
subject: Théorie des passions
subject: Stoïcisme
subject: Sagesse

description: Contributeurs : Benoît Autiquet, Bérengère Basset, Gilles Couffignal, Claire Couturas, Jean-François Dupeyron, Emiliano Ferrari, Olivier Guerrier, Alain Legros et François Roussel.
A Minimal Time Scale for the Spectral States of GX 339-4
Creators: name: Sonbas, E.
name: Mohamed, K.
name: Dhuga, K. S.
name: Tuncer, A.
name: Göğüş, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole transients are known to undergo spectral transitions that form q-shaped tracks on a hardness intensity diagram. In this work, we use archival RXTE data to extract a characteristic minimal timescale for the spectral states in GX 339-4 for the 2002-3, and 2010 outbursts. We use the extracted timescale to construct an intensity variability diagram for each outburst. This new diagram is comparable to the traditional hardness intensity diagram and offers the potential for probing the underlying dynamics associated with the evolution of the relevant emission regions in black hole transients. We confirm this possibility by connecting the minimal timescale with the inner disk radius, $R_{in}$ (estimated from spectral fits), and demonstrate a positive correlation between these variables as the system evolves through its spectral transitions. Furthermore, we probe the relation between the minimal timescale and the break frequencies extracted from the power spectral densities. Lastly, we examine a possible link between the extracted timescale and a traditional measure of variability i.e., the root mean square, determined directly from the power spectra.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Detection of the H92alpha recombination line from the starbursts in the Circinus galaxy and NGC 1808
Creators: name: Roy, A. L.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Anantharamaiah, K. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Gas ionized by starburst activity radiates radio recombination lines (RRLs), from which one can derive the plasma conditions and the number of massive stars formed in the burst, free of dust obscuration effects. Aims. We aimed to find RRL emission from additional starburst systems and to use the line properties to estimate the properties of the ionized gas. Methods. We conducted a search for RRLs in the nearby extragalactic starburst or Seyfert galaxies NGC 1808, the Circinus galaxy, NGC 4038/9, II Zw 40, NGC 6221, NGC 7552, IRAS 18325-5926, IC 5063, and VV 114. We used the VLA and the ATCA to search for the RRLs H91alpha and H92alpha with rest frequencies of 8.6 GHz and 8.3 GHz. Results. We detected for the first time RRLs from the starburst nuclei in the Circinus galaxy and NGC 1808. The Circinus galaxy was detected with a line strength integrated over the source of 3.2 mJy, making it the fourth-strongest extragalactic RRL emitter known at this frequency (after NGC 4945, M 82, and NGC 253). The line and continuum emission can be matched by a model consisting of a collection of 50 to 10 000 H II regions with 300 to 9000 O5 stars required to maintain the ionization, inferring a star formation rate of 0.2 Msun/yr to 6 Msun/yr. NGC 1808 was detected in RRL emission at 3.9 sigma with a line strength of 0.47 mJy at the expected velocity. Conclusion. We have detected RRLs from two galaxies, adding to the small but growing number of known extragalactic RRL emitters. The Circinus galaxy is strong and especially suited to high-quality follow-up spectroscopic study. We derived conditions and star formation rates in the starbursting regions. Uncertainties can be reduced by future multi-transition studies.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, A&A (accepted)
Theory of light reflection and transmission by a plasmonic nanocomposite slab: Emergence of broadband perfect absorption
Creators: name: Bordo, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of light reflection and transmission by an optically thin nanocomposite slab which contains randomly distributed metal nanoparticles (NPs) is developed. The underlying model takes into account the reflection of light scattered by NPs from the slab boundaries, enhanced decay of localized surface plasmons in dense NP arrays and light scattering at the slab surface -- the factors which are beyond the scope of the Maxwell Garnett approximation. It is demonstrated that the first two effects lead to broadband perfect absorption observed in such nanocomposites, whereas the last one is responsible for its omnidirectional character and polarization insensitivity. These findings open up new possibilities for engineering broadband perfect absorption in plasmonic nanocomposites.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Restricted Complexity, General Complexity
Creators: name: Morin, Edgar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Why has the problematic of complexity appeared so late? And why would it be justified?
description: 25 pages. Presented at the Colloquium "Intelligence de la complexit'e : 'epist'emologie et pragmatique", Cerisy-La-Salle, France, June 26th, 2005. Translated from French by Carlos Gershenson
SU(N) Self-Dual Sine-Gordon Model and Competing Orders
Creators: name: Lecheminant, P.
name: Totsuka, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the low-energy properties of a generalized quantum sine-Gordon model in one dimension with a self-dual symmetry. This model describes a class of quantum phase transitions that stems from the competition of different orders. This SU(N) self-dual sine-Gordon model is shown to be equivalent to an SO(N)_2 conformal field theory perturbed by a current-current interaction, which is related to an integrable fermionic model introduced by Andrei and Destri. In the context of spin-chain problems, we give several realizations of this self-dual sine-Gordon model and discuss the universality class of the transitions.
description: 9 pages, using iopart.cls
Entanglement of dark electron-nuclear spin defects in diamond
Creators: name: Degen, M. J.
name: Loenen, S. J. H.
name: Bartling, H. P.
name: Bradley, C. E.
name: Meinsma, A. L.
name: Markham, M.
name: Twitchen, D. J.
name: Taminiau, T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A promising approach for multi-qubit quantum registers is to use optically addressable spins to control multiple dark electron-spin defects in the environment. While recent experiments have observed signatures of coherent interactions with such dark spins, it is an open challenge to realize the individual control required for quantum information processing. Here we demonstrate the initialisation, control and entanglement of individual dark spins associated to multiple P1 centers, which are part of a spin bath surrounding a nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. We realize projective measurements to prepare the multiple degrees of freedom of P1 centers - their Jahn-Teller axis, nuclear spin and charge state - and exploit these to selectively access multiple P1s in the bath. We develop control and single-shot readout of the nuclear and electron spin, and use this to demonstrate an entangled state of two P1 centers. These results provide a proof-of-principle towards using dark electron-nuclear spin defects as qubits for quantum sensing, computation and networks.
Description and Manual of the SensOr Interfacing Language
Creators: name: Bodenbenner, Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cyber-Physical Systems
Indiustrial Internet of Things
Domain-Specific Language
Model-based Software Development

description: This manual describes the syntax and semantics of a domain-specific modelling language for definition of functionally modelled sensor interfaces, called SensOr Interfacing Language (SOIL).
description: Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy – EXC-2023 Internet of Production – 390621612.

Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Project-ID 432233186 – AIMS.
First albedo determination of 2867 Steins, target of the Rosetta mission
Creators: name: Fornasier, S.
name: Belskaya, I.
name: Fulchignoni, M.
name: Barucci, M. A.
name: Barbieri, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first albedo determination of 2867 Steins, the asteroid target o f the Rosetta space mission together with 21 Lutetia. The data were obtained in polarimetric mode at the ESO-VLT telescope with the FORS1 instrument in the V and R filters. Observations were carried out from Jun e to August 2005 covering the phase angle range from 10.3 deg. to 28.3 deg., allowing the determination of the asteroid albedo by the well known experimenta l relationship between the albedo and the slope of the polarimetric curve at th e inversion angle. The measured polarization values of Steins are small, confirming an E-type cla ssification for this asteroid, as already suggested from its spectral propertie s. The inversion angle of the polarization curve in the V and R filters is resp ectively of 17.3 +/-1.5deg. and 18.4+/-1.0 deg., and the corresponding sl ope parameter is of 0.037+/-0.003 %/deg and 0.032+/-0.003 %/deg. On the basis of its polarimetric slope value, we have derived an albedo of 0.45 +/-0.1, that gives an estimated diameter of 4.6 km, assuming an absolute V ma gnitude of 13.18 mag.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, letter accepted for pubblication on A&A
Brachonella spiralis McMurrich 1884
Creators: name: Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto
name: Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso
name: Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ciliophora
Heterotrichea
Heterotrichida
Metopidae
Brachonella
Brachonella spiralis

description: Brachonella spiralis McMurrich, 1884
Distribution. BRAZIL: Paraná River between the Nupelia’s Field Station and the district of Porto São José, São Pedro do Paraná (Buosi et al. 2014 b, 2015), (Ad).
description: Published as part of Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto, Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso & Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-, 2020, Checklist of ciliates (Alveolata: Ciliophora) that inhabit in bromeliads from the Neotropical Region, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4895 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4321437
A demand analysis for wheat imports to China
Creators: name: Zhu, Allen Xinyan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: China has become an increasingly important, but uncertain, import market for grains since the 1960s. For past 35 years, the fluctuations in wheat imports between 2.3 million tonnes and 16 million tonnes has drawn the attention of economists and politicians around the world. In 1994, Lester Brown published a book titled "Who Will Feed China?—Wake-Up Call For a Small Planet". Since then, grain import demand in China has again become a globally important topic. Since 1978, China has reformed its economic system. These economic reforms and system transition in conjunction with the remains of the planning economy have been shaping China's economy into an economy with elements of both centrally planned and market-oriented economies, i.e. a 'mixed" economy. These reforms have had large effects not only on grain production but, more important, also on domestic grain demand, which in turn has had major effects on the international grain market. It is questionable whether conventional models of the demand for wheat are appropriate for China since China's wheat import demand is not purely market determined. Instead, an analysis of import behaviour must incorporate features of central planning. This study addresses the following questions: 1) what are the prominent characteristics of China's planned and mixed economic systems and what are the determinants of grain import demand under a mixed systems? 2) what role have price signals in the world grain market played in China's demand for wheat? This analysis also addresses questions such as what effects China's economic reform has had on domestic grain policies and what have been the major changes in grain trade policy-making procedures before and after 1978? Given the Chinese government's 'Unique" grain system, stated policy of grain selfsufficiency, and China's status as 'an enigma in the world grain trade", establishing a suitable model for Chinese wheat imports is a challenging job. In this study, a 'mixed " model has been developed. This 'mixed" model allows us to test the hypothesis that the regime shifted from a pure materials balance to a more marketing driven model where grain imports depend on prices and other market variables. The conclusion of this study is that China's wheat imports are still centrally controlled and the material balance principle still dominates the wheat imports planning. However, the price effect has more influence on China's wheat imports than it did before 1978.
General theory of decoy-state quantum cryptography with source errors
Creators: name: Wang, Xiang-Bin
name: Peng, C. -Z.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Yang, L.
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existing theory of decoy-state quantum cryptography assumes the exact control of each states from Alice's source. Such exact control is impossible in practice. We develop the theory of decoy-state method so that it is unconditionally secure even there are state errors of sources, if the range of a few parameters in the states are known. This theory simplifies the practical implementation of the decoy-state quantum key distribution because the unconditional security can be achieved with a slightly shortened final key, even though the small errors of pulses are not corrected.
description: Our results can be used securely for any source of diagonal states, including the Plug-&-Play protocol with whatever error pattern, if we know the ranges of errors of a few parameters
Letter from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister to "Sir" [James Goldie], April 30, 1915
Creators: name: McAllister, John Edgar
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to "Sir" [James Goldie] from J. E. [John Edgar] McAllister, dated April 30, 1915, regarding a letter from R. A. Lambert and the Bellevue checkbook.
Description and Manual of the Sensor Interfacing Language
Creators: name: Bodenbenner, Matthias
name: Schmitt, Robert H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cyber-Physical Systems
Indiustrial Internet of Things
Domain-Specific Language
Model-based Software Development

description: This manual describes the syntax and semantics of a domain-specific modelling language for definition of functionally modelled sensor interfaces, called Sensor Interfacing Language (SOIL).
description: Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy – EXC-2023 Internet of Production – 390621612.

Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Project-ID 432233186 – AIMS.
$κ$-Poincaré-comodules, Braided Tensor Products and Noncommutative Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Lizzi, Fedele
name: Mercati, Flavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the obstruction to the construction of a multiparticle field theory on a $κ$-Minkowski noncommutative spacetime: the existence of multilocal functions which respect the deformed symmetries of the problem. This construction is only possible for a light-like version of the commutation relations, if one requires invariance of the tensor product algebra under the coaction of the $κ$-Poincaré group. This necessitates a braided tensor product. We study the representations of this product, and prove that $κ$-Poincaré-invariant N-point functions belong to an Abelian subalgebra, and are therefore commutative. We use this construction to define the 2-point Whightman and Pauli--Jordan functions, which turn out to be identical to the undeformed ones. We finally outline how to construct a free scalar $κ$-Poincaré-invariant quantum field theory, and identify some open problems.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
Observation of multiple ionization pathways for OCS in an intense laser field resolved by three-dimensional covariance mapping and visualized by hierarchical ionization topology
Creators: name: Bryan, W. A.
name: Newell, W. R.
name: Sanderson, J. H.
name: Langley, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two- and three-body Coulomb explosion of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) by 790 nm, 50 fs laser pulses focussed to $\approx $ 10$^{16}$ Wcm$^{-2}$ has been investigated by three-dimensional covariance mapping technique. For the first time in a triatomic molecule, a single charge state, in this case the trication, has been observed to dissociate into two distinct energy channels. With the aid of a three dimensional visualization technique to reveal the ionization hierarchy, evidence is presented for the existence of two sets of ionization pathways resulting from these two initial states. While one group of ions can be modeled using a Classical enhanced ionization model, the second group, consisting of mainly asymmetric channels, can not. The results provide clear evidence that an enhanced ionization approach must also be accompanied by an appreciation of the effects of excited ionic states and multi-electronic processes.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A, reference to follow
Description and Manual of the SensOr Interfacing Language
Creators: name: Bodenbenner, Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cyber-Physical Systems
Indiustrial Internet of Things
Domain-Specific Language
Model-based Software Development

description: This manual describes the syntax and semantics of a domain-specific modelling language for definition of functionally modelled sensor interfaces, called SensOr Interfacing Language (SOIL).
description: Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy – EXC-2023 Internet of Production – 390621612. Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Project-ID 432233186 – AIMS.
description: {"references": ["http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62138-7_45", "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measen.2021.100206", "https://doi.org/10.18154/RWTH-2021-10238", "https://doi.org/10.1117/12.252746"]}
A class of overdetermined systems defined by tableaux: involutiveness and Cauchy problem
Creators: name: Musso, Emilio
name: Nicolodi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58A15; 58A17

description: This article addresses the question of involutiveness and discusses the initial value problem for a class of overdetermined systems of partial differential equations which arise in the theory of integrable systems and are defined by tableaux.
description: 14 pages
23 mJ high-power fiber CPA system using electro-optically controlled divided-pulse amplification
Creators: name: Stark, Henning
name: Buldt, Joachim
name: Müller, Michael
name: Klenke, Arno
name: Tünnermann, Andreas
name: Limpert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pulse-energy scaling technique electro-optically controlled divided-pulse amplification is implemented in a high-power ultrafast fiber laser system based on coherent beam combination. A fiber-integrated front end and a multi-pass cell based back end allow for a small footprint and a modular implementation. Bursts of 8 pulses are amplified parallel in up to 12 ytterbium-doped large-pitch fiber amplifiers. Subsequent spatio-temporal coherent combination of the 96 total amplified pulse replicas to a single pulse results in a pulse energy of 23 mJ at an average power of 674 W, compressible to a pulse duration of 235 fs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest pulse energy ever accomplished with a fiber CPA system.
Ionisation by quantised electromagnetic fields: The photoelectric effect
Creators: name: Zenk, Heribert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q10, 81V10, 47N50

description: In this paper we explain the photoelectric effect in a variant of the standard model of non relativistic quantum electrodynamics, which is in some aspects more closely related to the physical picture, than the one studied in [BKZ]: Now we can apply our results to an electron with more than one bound state and to a larger class of electron-photon interactions. We will specify a situation, where ionisation probability in second order is a weighted sum of single photon terms. Furthermore we will see, that Einstein's equality \[E_{kin}=hν-\bigtriangleup E>0\] for the maximal kinetic energy $E_{kin}$ of the electron, energy $hν$ of the photon and ionisation gap $\bigtriangleup E$ is the crucial condition for these single photon terms to be nonzero.
description: 59 pages, LATEX2E