cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mitigation of plasma-wall interactions with low-Z powders in DIII-D high confinement plasmas
Creators: name: Effenberg, Florian
name: Bortolon, Alessandro
name: Casali, Livia
name: Nazikian, Raffi
name: Bykov, Igor
name: Scotti, Filippo
name: Wang, Huiqian Q.
name: Fenstermacher, Max E.
name: Lunsford, Robert
name: Nagy, Alexander
name: Grierson, Brian A.
name: Laggner, Florian M.
name: Maingi, Rajesh
name: Team, the DIII-D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments with low-Z powder injection in DIII-D high confinement discharges demonstrated increased divertor dissipation and detachment while maintaining good core energy confinement. Lithium (Li), boron (B), and boron nitride (BN) powders were injected in high-confinement mode plasmas ($I_p=$1 MA, $B_t=$2 T, $P_{NB}=$6 MW, $\langle n_e\rangle=3.6-5.0\cdot10^{19}$ m$^{-3}$) into the upper small-angle slot (SAS) divertor for 2-s intervals at constant rates of 3-204 mg/s. The multi-species BN powders at a rate of 54 mg/s showed the most substantial increase in divertor neutral compression by more than an order of magnitude and lasting detachment with minor degradation of the stored magnetic energy $W_{mhd}$ by 5%. Rates of 204 mg/s of boron nitride powder further reduce ELM-fluxes on the divertor but also cause a drop in confinement performance by 24% due to the onset of an $n=2$ tearing mode. The application of powders also showed a substantial improvement of wall conditions manifesting in reduced wall fueling source and intrinsic carbon and oxygen content in response to the cumulative injection of non-recycling materials. The results suggest that low-Z powder injection, including mixed element compounds, is a promising new core-edge compatible technique that simultaneously enables divertor detachment and improves wall conditions during high confinement operation.
description: F. Effenberg et al 2022 Nucl. Fusion in press https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-4326/ac899d
Interval dosing with the HDAC inhibitor vorinostat effectively reverses HIV latency
Creators: name: Eron, Joseph
name: Goonetilleke, Nilu
name: Stuelke, Erin
name: Kuruc, Joann D.
name: Margolis, David M.
name: Sung, Julia A.M.
name: Allard, Brigitte
name: Kashuba, Angela D.
name: Archin, Nancie M.
name: Clutton, Genevieve
name: Xu, Yinyan
name: Gay, Cynthia L.
name: Kirchherr, Jennifer L.
name: Sholtis, Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND. The histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor vorinostat (VOR) can increase HIV RNA expression in vivo within resting CD4+ T cells of aviremic HIV+ individuals. However, while studies of VOR or other HDAC inhibitors have reported reversal of latency, none has demonstrated clearance of latent infection. We sought to identify the optimal dosing of VOR for effective serial reversal of HIV latency.
Early Stage New Product and Service Design Process - The Use of Graphical Representations
Creators: name: Yip, Man Hang
name: Ilevbare, Imoh
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: New product service development
Early stage
Graphical representations

description: This paper summarises the initial results from a study that translates a research instrument into a business application that supports the early stage of new productservice system development, with the objective of clarifying design specifications. The business approach, called system design characterisation (SDC), contains five different graphical representations. Following the method of procedural action research, the feasibility, usability and utility of the graphical representations used in SDC are tested. Drawing from literature of multiple disciplines - engineering, design and cognitive science – how SDC may bridge the gap of design techniques that use multiple representations to manage complex information is discussed in this paper. The result of this study intend to contribute to the on-going discussions in the research community of design research or design methodology, as well as that of research methodology in terms of the use of procedural action research for business application development.
Technology Strategic Decision Making (SDM): an overview of decision theories, processes and methods
Creators: name: Aristodemou, Leonidas
name: Tietze, Frank
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Technology Strategic Decision Making
Literature review

description: Technology Strategic Decision Making (SDM) requires a fair amount of information regarding the field in which the technology is to be selected for (Kalbande and Thampi, 2009) due to the nature of technological uncertainty (Grant, 2012). The literature argues that different methods can be applied to these SDM processes, with the most common being the qualitative scorecard approach (Cooper, 2007; Goffin and Mitchell, 2016; Mitchell et al., 2014, 2017). In addition, these SDM processes should have unique selection criteria, due to the risky and uncertain nature of early stage technology projects (Ajamian and Koen, 2002; Koen et al., 2002) and due to the different outcomes each decision gate leads to (Cooper, 2006). In this paper, we contribute to the growing literature on technology strategic decision making by producing a narrative literature review on strategic decision making processes, decision theory and strategic decision making methods.
The Economic Impacts of COVID-19 and City Lockdown: Early Evidence from China
Creators: name: Jianxin Wu
name: Xiaoling Zhan
name: Xu, Hui
name: Chunbo Ma
name: Jianxin Wu
name: Xiaoling Zhan
name: Xu, Hui
name: Chunbo Ma
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Economic impact
subject: COVID-19
subject: pandemic
subject: city lockdown
subject: China

description: China adopted the world’s most stringent lockdown interventions to contain the COVID-19 spread. Using macro- and micro-level data, this paper shows that the pandemic and lockdown both had negative and significant impacts on the economy. Gross regional product (GRP) fell by 9.5 and 0.3 percentage points in cities with and without lockdown, respectively, representing a dramatic recession from China’s average growth of 6.74% before the pandemic. The results indicate that lockdown explains 2.8 percentage points of the GDP loss. We document significant spill-over effects the pandemic but no such effects of lockdown. Reduced mobility, land supply, and entrepreneurship are significant mechanisms underpinning the impacts. Cities with higher share of secondary industry, higher traffic intensity, smaller population, lower urbanization, and lower fiscal capacity suffered more. However, these cities have recovered well and quickly closed the economic gap in the aftermath of the pandemic and city lockdown.
Can the PageRank centrality be manipulated to obtain any desired ranking?
Creators: name: Contreras-Aso, Gonzalo
name: Criado, Regino
name: Romance, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The significance of the PageRank algorithm in shaping the modern Internet cannot be overstated, and its Complex Network theory foundations continue to be a subject of research. In this article we carry out a systematic study of the structural and parametric controllability of PageRank's outcomes, translating a spectral Graph Theory problem into a geometric one, where a natural characterization of its rankings emerges. Furthermore, we show that the change of perspective employed can be applied to the biplex PageRank proposal, performing numerical computations on both real and synthetic network datasets to compare centrality measures used.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Band theory and boundary modes of high-dimensional representations of infinite hyperbolic lattices
Creators: name: Cheng, Nan
name: Serafin, Francesco
name: McInerney, James
name: Rocklin, Zeb
name: Sun, Kai
name: Mao, Xiaoming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodic lattices in hyperbolic space are characterized by symmetries beyond Euclidean crystallographic groups, offering a new platform for classical and quantum waves, demonstrating great potentials for a new class of topological metamaterials. One important feature of hyperbolic lattices is that their translation group is nonabelian, permitting high-dimensional irreducible representations (irreps), in contrast to abelian translation groups in Euclidean lattices. Here we introduce a general framework to construct wave eigenstates of high-dimensional irreps of infinite hyperbolic lattices, thereby generalizing Bloch's theorem, and discuss its implications on unusual mode-counting and degeneracy, as well as bulk-edge correspondence in hyperbolic lattices. We apply this method to a mechanical hyperbolic lattice, and characterize its band structure and zero modes of high-dimensional irreps.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Temporal profile of biphotons generated from a hot atomic vapor and spectrum of electromagnetically induced transparency
Creators: name: Hsiao, Shih-Si
name: Huang, Wei-Kai
name: Lin, Yi-Min
name: Chen, Jia-Mou
name: Hsu, Chia-Yu
name: Yu, Ite A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically studied the temporal profile of biphotons, i.e., pairs of time-correlated single photons, generated from a hot atomic vapor via the spontaneous four-wave mixing process. The measured temporal width of biphoton wave packet or two-photon correlation function against the coupling power was varied from about 70 to 580 ns. We derived an analytical expression of the biphoton's spectral profile in the Doppler-broadened medium. The analytical expression reveals that the spectral profile is mainly determined by the effect of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), and behaves like a Lorentzian function with a linewidth approximately equal to the EIT linewidth. Consequently, the biphoton's temporal profile influenced by the Doppler broadening is an exponential-decay function, which was consistent with the experimental data. Employing a weak input probe field of classical light, we further measured the EIT spectra under the same experimental conditions as those in the biphoton measurements. The theoretical predictions of the biphoton wave packets calculated with the parameters determined by the classical-light EIT spectra are consistent with the experimental data. The consistency demonstrates that in the Doppler-broadened medium, the classical-light EIT spectrum is a good indicator for the biphoton's temporal profile. Besides, the measured biphoton's temporal widths well approximated to the predictions of the analytical formula based on the biphoton's EIT effect. This study provides an analytical way to quantitatively understand the biphoton's spectral and temporal profiles in the Doppler-broadened medium.
Cluster quantum Monte Carlo study of two-dimensional weakly-coupled frustrated trimer antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Weber, Lukas
name: Caci, Nils
name: Wessel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from spin trimer-based cluster quantum Monte Carlo simulations for the thermodynamic properties of two-dimensional frustrated quantum antiferromagnets that are composed of weakly-coupled three-spin (trimer) clusters. In particular, we consider the spin-1/2 kagome lattice with a strong breathing distortion, and the triangle-square lattice model proposed previously for the cuprate La${}_4$Cu${}_3$MoO${}_{12}$. For both cases, we demonstrate that an appropriately chosen trimer-based computational basis allows us to significantly reduce the quantum Monte Carlo sign problem down to the low-temperature regime. Besides exploring the thermodynamic behavior for the triangle-square lattice model we also assess a mean field theory-based prediction for the onset of chiral order. For the breathing distorted kagome lattice model, we observe a robust two-peak structure in the specific heat, both in the quantum spin liquid and the lattice-nematic regimes.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Quantum walk-based protocol for secure communication between any two directly connected nodes on a network
Creators: name: Chawla, Prateek
name: Ajith, Adithi
name: Chandrashekar, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The utilization of quantum entanglement as a cryptographic resource has superseded conventional approaches to secure communication. Security and fidelity of intranetwork communication between quantum devices is the backbone of a quantum network. This work presents an algorithm that generates entanglement between any two directly connected nodes of a quantum network to be used as a resource to enable quantum communication across that pair in the network. The algorithm is based on a directed discrete-time quantum walk and paves the way for private inter-node quantum communication channels in the network. We also present the simulation results of this algorithm on random networks generated from various models. We show that after implementation, the probability of the walker being at all nodes other than the source and target is negligible, and this holds independent of the random graph generation model. This constitutes a viable method for the practical realisation of secure communication over any random network topology.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Functionally identical to the published version
Ab initio prediction of the $^4{\rm He}(d,γ)\,^6\rm Li$ big bang radiative capture
Creators: name: Hebborn, Chloë
name: Hupin, Guillaume
name: Kravvaris, Konstantinos
name: Quaglioni, Sofia
name: Navrátil, Petr
name: Gysbers, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rate at which helium ($^4$He) and deuterium ($d$) fuse together to produce lithium-6 ($^6$Li) and a $γ$ ray, $^4$He$(d,γ)^6$Li, is a critical puzzle piece in resolving the roughly three orders of magnitude discrepancy between big bang predictions and astronomical observations for the primordial abundance of $^6$Li. The accurate determination of this radiative capture rate requires the quantitative and predictive description of the fusion probability across the big bang energy window ($30$ keV $\lesssim E\lesssim 400$ keV), where measurements are hindered by low counting rates. We present first-principles (or, ab initio) predictions of the $^4$He$(d,γ)^6$Li astrophysical S-factor using validated nucleon-nucleon and three-nucleon interactions derived within the framework of chiral effective field theory. By employing the ab initio no-core shell model with continuum to describe $^4{\rm He}$-$d$ scattering dynamics and bound $^6\rm Li$ product on an equal footing, we accurately and consistently determine the contributions of the main electromagnetic transitions driving the radiative capture process. Our results reveal an enhancement of the capture probability below 100 keV owing to previously neglected magnetic dipole (M1) transitions and reduce by an average factor of 7 the uncertainty of the thermonuclear capture rate between $0.002$ and $2$ GK.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures and 6 pages supplemental material
Triple-q order in Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ from proximity to hidden-SU(2)-symmetric point
Creators: name: Krüger, Wilhelm G. F.
name: Chen, Wenjie
name: Jin, Xianghong
name: Li, Yuan
name: Janssen, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In extended Heisenberg-Kitaev-Gamma-type spin models, hidden-SU(2)-symmetric points are isolated points in parameter space that can be mapped to pure Heisenberg models via nontrivial duality transformations. Such points generically feature quantum degeneracy between conventional single-q and exotic multi-q states. We argue that recent single-crystal inelastic neutron scattering data place the honeycomb magnet Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ in proximity to such a hidden-SU(2)-symmetric point. The low-temperature order is identified as a triple-q state arising from the Néel antiferromagnet with staggered magnetization in the out-of-plane direction via a 4-sublattice duality transformation. This state naturally explains various distinctive features of the magnetic excitation spectrum, including its surprisingly high symmetry and the dispersive low-energy and flat high-energy bands. Our result demonstrates the importance of bond-dependent exchange interactions in cobaltates, and illustrates the intriguing magnetic behavior resulting from them.
description: 7+14 pages, 3+10 figures; v2: exact diagonalization calculations added, elucidating proximity of Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ to Kitaev quantum spin liquid
Optical tweezers throw and catch single atoms
Creators: name: Hwang, Hansub
name: Byun, Andrew
name: Park, Juyoung
name: de Leseleuc, Sylvain
name: Ahn, Jaewook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single atoms movable from one place to another would enable a flying quantum memory that can be used for quantum communication and quantum computing at the same time. Guided atoms, e.g., by optical tweezers, provide a partial solution, but the benefit of flying qubits could be lost if they still interact with the guiding means. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate freely-flying atoms that are not guided but are instead thrown and caught by optical tweezers. In experiments, cold atoms at 40 micro Kelvin temperature are thrown up to a free-flying speed of 0.65 m/s over a travel distance of 12.6 micrometer at a transportation efficiency of 94(3)%, even in the presence of other optical tweezers or atoms en route. This performance is not fundamentally limited but by current settings of optical tweezers with limited potential depth and width. We provide a set of proof-of-principle flying atom demonstrations, which include atom transport through optical tweezers, atom arrangements by flying atoms, and atom scattering off optical tweezers. Our study suggests possible applications of flying atoms, not only in fundamental studies such as single-atom low-energy collisions, but also non-photon quantum communication and flying-qubit-based quantum computing.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Spin wavepackets in the Kagome ferromagnet Fe$_3$Sn$_2$: propagation and precursors
Creators: name: Lee, Changmin
name: Sun, Yue
name: Ye, Linda
name: Rathi, Sumedh
name: Wang, Kevin
name: Lu, Yuan-Ming
name: Moore, Joel
name: Checkelsky, Joseph G.
name: Orenstein, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of spin waves in magnetically ordered systems has emerged as a potential means to shuttle quantum information over large distances. Conventionally, the arrival time of a spin wavepacket at a distance, $d$, is assumed to be determined by its group velocity, $v_g$. He we report time-resolved optical measurements of wavepacket propagation in the Kagome ferromagnet Fe$_3$Sn$_2$ that demonstrate the arrival of spin information at times significantly less than $d/v_g$. We show that this spin wave "precursor" originates from the interaction of light with the unusual spectrum of magnetostatic modes in Fe$_3$Sn$_2$. Related effects may have far-reaching consequences toward realizing long-range, ultrafast spin wave transport in both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems.
description: 17+12 pages, 5+4 figures
An Unbiased 1.3 mm Emission Line Survey of the Protoplanetary Disk Orbiting LkCa 15
Creators: name: Punzi, Kristina M.
name: Hily-Blant, Pierre
name: Kastner, Joel H.
name: Sacco, G. G.
name: Forveille, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outer (>30 AU) regions of the dusty circumstellar disk orbiting the ~2-5 Myr-old, actively accreting solar analog LkCa 15 are known to be chemically rich, and the inner disk may host a young protoplanet within its central cavity. To obtain a complete census of the brightest molecular line emission emanating from the LkCa 15 disk over the 210-270 GHz (1.4 - 1.1 mm) range, we have conducted an unbiased radio spectroscopic survey with the Institute de Radioastronomie Millimetrique (IRAM) 30 meter telescope. The survey demonstrates that, in this spectral region, the most readily detectable lines are those of CO and its isotopologues 13CO and C18O, as well as HCO+, HCN, CN, C2H, CS, and H2CO. All of these species had been previously detected in the LkCa 15 disk; however, the present survey includes the first complete coverage of the CN (2-1) and C2H (3-2) hyperfine complexes. Modeling of these emission complexes indicates that the CN and C2H either reside in the coldest regions of the disk or are subthermally excited, and that their abundances are enhanced relative to molecular clouds and young stellar object environments. These results highlight the value of unbiased single-dish line surveys in guiding future high resolution interferometric imaging of disks.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Intestinal fungi contribute to development of alcoholic liver disease
Creators: name: Torralba, Manolito G.
name: Chen, Peng
name: Bataller, Ramon
name: Kisseleva, Tatiana
name: Bluemel, Sena
name: Mutlu, Ece A.
name: Hoffman, Hal M.
name: Yang, An-Ming
name: Schnabl, Bernd
name: Lee, Serene M. L.
name: Hellerbrand, Claus
name: Stärkel, Peter
name: Mehal, Wajahat Z.
name: Keshavarzian, Ali
name: Beeri, Karen
name: Hochrath, Katrin
name: Koyama, Yukinori
name: Ho, Samuel B.
name: Fouts, Derrick E.
name: Chen, Chien-Sheng
name: Xu, Jun
name: Freese, Kim
name: Llorente, Cristina
name: Garcia-Tsao, Guadalupe
name: Hartmann, Phillipp
name: Brown, Gordon D.
name: Inamine, Tatsuo
name: Wang, Lirui
name: Moncera, Kelvin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Chronic liver disease with cirrhosis is the 12th leading cause of death in the United States, and alcoholic liver disease accounts for approximately half of all cirrhosis deaths. Chronic alcohol consumption is associated with intestinal bacterial dysbiosis, yet we understand little about the contribution of intestinal fungi, or mycobiota, to alcoholic liver disease. Here we have demonstrated that chronic alcohol administration increases mycobiota populations and translocation of fungal β-glucan into systemic circulation in mice. Treating mice with antifungal agents reduced intestinal fungal overgrowth, decreased β-glucan translocation, and ameliorated ethanol-induced liver disease. Using bone marrow chimeric mice, we found that β-glucan induces liver inflammation via the C-type lectin–like receptor CLEC7A on Kupffer cells and possibly other bone marrow–derived cells. Subsequent increases in IL-1β expression and secretion contributed to hepatocyte damage and promoted development of ethanol-induced liver disease. We observed that alcohol-dependent patients displayed reduced intestinal fungal diversity and Candida overgrowth. Compared with healthy individuals and patients with non–alcohol-related cirrhosis, alcoholic cirrhosis patients had increased systemic exposure and immune response to mycobiota. Moreover, the levels of extraintestinal exposure and immune response correlated with mortality. Thus, chronic alcohol consumption is associated with an altered mycobiota and translocation of fungal products. Manipulating the intestinal mycobiome might be an effective strategy for attenuating alcohol-related liver disease.
ALDO2, a multi-function rad-hard linear regulator for SiPM-based HEP detectors
Creators: name: Carniti, Paolo
name: Gotti, Claudio
name: Pessina, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ALDO2 is a multi-function, adjustable, low dropout linear regulator designed in onsemi I3T80 0.35~$μ$m HV CMOS technology for use in HEP detectors that adopt silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). The chip features four independent regulators, two low voltage channels (max 3.3 V) used to filter and stabilize the power supply of front-end chips, and two HV channels (max 70 V), specifically designed to provide the bias voltage to arrays of SiPMs. Each regulator can be independently shut down and is protected for over-current and over-temperature. The HV regulators also implement a circuit to monitor the bias current of the SiPM arrays, allowing to perform I-V curves and thus to fine-tune the working point of the SiPM arrays during the detector lifetime. The chip adopts radiation hardening techniques and has been fully qualified up to a TID of 20 Mrad, a 1-MeV-equivalent neutron fluence of $10^{15}$ cm$^{-2}$, and with heavy ions up to 40 MeV cm$^2$ mg$^{-1}$ LET and $10^{10}$ cm$^{-2}$ cumulative fluence. The chip will be installed in two CMS detectors in the HL-LHC phase, the Barrel Timing Detector (BTL) and the High Granularity Calorimeter (HGCAL).
Hybridization of Higgs modes in a bond-density-wave state in cuprates
Creators: name: Raines, Zachary M.
name: Stanev, Valentin G.
name: Galitski, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, several groups have reported observations of collective modes of the charge order present in underdoped cuprates. Motivated by these experiments, we study theoretically the oscillations of the order parameters, both in the case of pure charge order, and for charge order coexisting with superconductivity. Using a hot-spot approximation we find in the coexistence regime two Higgs modes arising from hybridization of the amplitude oscillations of the different order parameters. One of them has a minimum frequency that is within the single particle energy gap and which is a non-monotonic function of temperature. The other -- high-frequency -- mode is smoothly connected to the Higgs mode in the single-order-parameter region, but quickly becomes overdamped in the case of coexistence. We explore an unusual low-energy damping channel for the collective modes, which relies on the band reconstruction caused by the coexistence of the two orders. For completeness, we also consider the damping of the collective modes originating from the nodal quasiparticles. At the end we discuss some experimental consequences of our results.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Renewables Projection with Storage in the Brazilian Electricity Matrix using OSeMOSYS and Flextool
Creators: name: Dias, Bruno Henriques
name: Borba, Bruno S. M.
name: Bitencourt, Leonardo A.
name: Barbosa, Pedro Henrique P.
name: Maycoln José Tonelli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Long Term Planning
Brazilian Power System
Energy Transition
Decarbonisation

description: This poster presents the study on the increase of Solar and Wind energy generation in the Brazilian Power System, as a way to achieve the NetZero by 2050. This study was conducted using the OSeMOSYS as a deliverable of the Energy Modelling Platform for Latin America and The Caribbean Course - EMP-LAC 2023.
Stereo Matching by Training a Convolutional Neural Network to Compare Image Patches
Creators: name: Žbontar, Jure
name: LeCun, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a method for extracting depth information from a rectified image pair. Our approach focuses on the first stage of many stereo algorithms: the matching cost computation. We approach the problem by learning a similarity measure on small image patches using a convolutional neural network. Training is carried out in a supervised manner by constructing a binary classification data set with examples of similar and dissimilar pairs of patches. We examine two network architectures for this task: one tuned for speed, the other for accuracy. The output of the convolutional neural network is used to initialize the stereo matching cost. A series of post-processing steps follow: cross-based cost aggregation, semiglobal matching, a left-right consistency check, subpixel enhancement, a median filter, and a bilateral filter. We evaluate our method on the KITTI 2012, KITTI 2015, and Middlebury stereo data sets and show that it outperforms other approaches on all three data sets.
Orphan Gpr182 suppresses ERK-mediated intestinal proliferation during regeneration and adenoma formation
Creators: name: Lund, P. Kay
name: Ding, Shengli
name: Caron, Kathleen M.
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Espenschied, Scott T.
name: Siegel, Marni B.
name: Magness, Scott T.
name: Kechele, Daniel O.
name: Mah, Amanda T.
name: Zwarycz, Bailey
name: Blue, R. Eric
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Orphan GPCRs provide an opportunity to identify potential pharmacological targets, yet their expression patterns and physiological functions remain challenging to elucidate. Here, we have used a genetically engineered knockin reporter mouse to map the expression pattern of the Gpr182 during development and adulthood. We observed that Gpr182 is expressed at the crypt base throughout the small intestine, where it is enriched in crypt base columnar stem cells, one of the most active stem cell populations in the body. Gpr182 knockdown had no effect on homeostatic intestinal proliferation in vivo, but led to marked increases in proliferation during intestinal regeneration following irradiation-induced injury. In the ApcMin mouse model, which forms spontaneous intestinal adenomas, reductions in Gpr182 led to more adenomas and decreased survival. Loss of Gpr182 enhanced organoid growth efficiency ex vivo in an EGF-dependent manner. Gpr182 reduction led to increased activation of ERK1/2 in basal and challenge models, demonstrating a potential role for this orphan GPCR in regulating the proliferative capacity of the intestine. Importantly, GPR182 expression was profoundly reduced in numerous human carcinomas, including colon adenocarcinoma. Together, these results implicate Gpr182 as a negative regulator of intestinal MAPK signaling–induced proliferation, particularly during regeneration and adenoma formation.
Evidence of hard power-law spectral cutoff and disc reflection features from the X-ray transient XTE J1739-285
Creators: name: Mondal, Aditya S.
name: Raychaudhuri, B.
name: Dewangan, G. C.
name: Beri, Aru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the nearly simultaneous \nicer{} and \nustar{} observations of the known X-ray transient XTE~J1739-285. These observations provide the first sensitive hard X-ray spectrum of this neutron star X-ray transient. The source was observed on 2020 February 19 in the hard spectral state with a luminosity of $0.007$ of the Eddington limit. The broadband $1-70 \kev{}$ \nicer{} and \nustar{} observation clearly detects a cutoff of the hard spectral component around $34-40 \kev{}$ when the continuum is fitted by a soft thermal component and a hard power-law component. This feature has been detected for the first time in this source. Moreover, the spectrum shows evidence for disc reflection -- a relativistically broadened Fe K$α$ line around $5-8 \kev{}$ and a Compton hump in the $10-20 \kev{}$ energy band. The accretion disc reflection features have not been identified before from this source. Through accretion disc reflection modeling, we constrain the radius of the inner disc to be $R_{in}=3.1_{-0.5}^{+1.8}\;R_{ISCO}$ for the first time. In addition, we find a low inclination, $i\sim 33^{0}$. Assuming the magnetosphere is responsible for such truncation of the inner accretion disc above the stellar surface, we establish an upper limit of $6.2\times 10^8$ G on the magnetic field at the poles.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS journal
Regional astrocyte IFN signaling restricts pathogenesis during neurotropic viral infection
Creators: name: White, James P.
name: Durrant, Douglas M.
name: Gale, Michael
name: Diamond, Michael S.
name: Lazear, Helen M.
name: Green, Richard R.
name: Klein, Robyn S.
name: Jujjavarapu, Harsha
name: Williams, Jessica L.
name: Daniels, Brian P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Type I IFNs promote cellular responses to viruses, and IFN receptor (IFNAR) signaling regulates the responses of endothelial cells of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) during neurotropic viral infection. However, the role of astrocytes in innate immune responses of the BBB during viral infection of the CNS remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we have demonstrated that type I IFNAR signaling in astrocytes regulates BBB permeability and protects the cerebellum from infection and immunopathology. Mice with astrocyte-specific loss of IFNAR signaling showed decreased survival after West Nile virus infection. Accelerated mortality was not due to expanded viral tropism or increased replication. Rather, viral entry increased specifically in the hindbrain of IFNAR-deficient mice, suggesting that IFNAR signaling critically regulates BBB permeability in this brain region. Pattern recognition receptors and IFN-stimulated genes had higher basal and IFN-induced expression in human and mouse cerebellar astrocytes than did cerebral cortical astrocytes, suggesting that IFNAR signaling has brain region–specific roles in CNS immune responses. Taken together, our data identify cerebellar astrocytes as key responders to viral infection and highlight the existence of distinct innate immune programs in astrocytes from evolutionarily disparate regions of the CNS.
Anomalous response in the vicinity of spontaneous symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Baek, Seung Ki
name: Park, Hye Jin
name: Kim, Beom Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism to induce negative AC permittivity in the vicinity of a ferroelectric phase transition involved with spontaneous symmetry breaking. This mechanism makes use of responses at low frequency, yielding a high gain and a large phase delay, when the system jumps over the free-energy barrier with the aid of external fields. We illustrate the mechanism by analytically studying spin models with the Glauber-typed dynamics under periodic perturbations. Then, we show that the scenario is supported by numerical simulations of mean-field as well as two-dimensional spin systems.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Operator Size Distribution in Large $N$ Quantum Mechanics of Majorana Fermions
Creators: name: Zhang, Pengfei
name: Gu, Yingfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under the Heisenberg evolution in chaotic quantum systems, initially simple operators evolve into complicated ones and ultimately cover the whole operator space. We study the growth of the operator ``size'' in this process, which is related to the out-of-time-order correlator (OTOC). We derive the full time evolution of the size distribution in large $N$ quantum mechanics of Majorana fermions. As examples, we apply the formalism to the Brownian SYK model (infinite temperature) and the large $q$ SYK model (finite temperature).
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Examining the influence of a neuroeducational buoyancy program on student buoyancy: An action research approach
Creators: name: White, Monique
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Adolescent buoyancy is essential for student wellbeing. It enables students to successfully deal with difficulties, challenges and setbacks typical of the ordinary course of student life (Martin et al., 2013; Martin & Marsh, 2008, 2009). This study was motivated by the perceived deterioration in student buoyancy in Australian schools; its aim to determine the extent to which a Neuroeducation Buoyancy Program (NBP) developed from Psychology, Education and Neuroscience (PEN) principles could influence student buoyancy. The NBP teaches students about the power of their brain, thoughts and choices to manage their emotions and responses to problems at school and highlights the benefits of merging neuroeducation and buoyancy disciplines in a practical multidisciplinary approach. The representative study groups in two metropolitan schools included three classes (71 students) of Year 7 students (12-13 years) (Metro College) from a sizeable coeducational college and two classes (20 students) (International College) of mixed ages (12-17 years) from a small ELICOS International college. Due to the educational context of the study, an Action Research approach was used with mixed methods of data collection and analysis. It included teachers, counsellors and students as participants within three distinct cycles to ascertain the value of the hypothesis. Cycle one affirmed the problem and developed the NBP. Cycle two ran the program with the Year 7 students. After appropriate modifications to the NBP for two international classes, Cycle three was taught using different teachers to ascertain its influence and transferability within another schooling environment. Data collection came from various modalities, including pre-and-post surveys, interviews, Action Research meetings/discussions, journal entries and participant correspondence. Results from the study supported the need for buoyancy interventions in the two metropolitan schools and potentially Australia wide. During the study, the NBP development process initiated the creation of an Analogical Buoyancy Model (ABM) and a common buoyancy language that assisted students to articulate their school difficulties and challenges. After the delivery of the NBP, results revealed the following; • improvement in students’ awareness of their brain’s functionality • improved skills and the ability to use strategies that circumvent anxiety, negative thinking and fear of new assessments, and • promoted quality relationships, sleep, and most importantly, buoyancy. Further research in other settings is recommended to understand and improve the adaptability of NBP and its long-term influence on student buoyancy. The additional research will also continue to bridge the gap between neuroeducation and buoyancy research.
Thrombin promotes diet-induced obesity through fibrin-driven inflammation
Creators: name: Owens, A. Phillip
name: Flick, Matthew J.
name: Divanovic, Senad
name: Palumbo, Joseph S.
name: Goss, Ashley
name: Abrahams, Sara R.
name: Kopec, Anna K.
name: Thornton, Sherry
name: Luyendyk, James P.
name: Weiler, Hartmut
name: Van Ryn, Joanne
name: Mullins, Eric S.
name: Mackman, Nigel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Obesity promotes a chronic inflammatory and hypercoagulable state that drives cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and several cancers. Elevated thrombin activity underlies obesity-linked thromboembolic events, but the mechanistic links between the thrombin/fibrin(ogen) axis and obesity-associated pathologies are incompletely understood. In this work, immunohistochemical studies identified extravascular fibrin deposits within white adipose tissue and liver as distinct features of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) as well as obese patients. Fibγ390–396A mice carrying a mutant form of fibrinogen incapable of binding leukocyte αMβ2-integrin were protected from HFD-induced weight gain and elevated adiposity. Fibγ390–396A mice had markedly diminished systemic, adipose, and hepatic inflammation with reduced macrophage counts within white adipose tissue, as well as near-complete protection from development of fatty liver disease and glucose dysmetabolism. Homozygous thrombomodulin-mutant ThbdPro mice, which have elevated thrombin procoagulant function, gained more weight and developed exacerbated fatty liver disease when fed a HFD compared with WT mice. In contrast, treatment with dabigatran, a direct thrombin inhibitor, limited HFD-induced obesity development and suppressed progression of sequelae in mice with established obesity. Collectively, these data provide proof of concept that targeting thrombin or fibrin(ogen) may limit pathologies in obese patients.
NaRuO$_2$: Kitaev-Heisenberg exchange in triangular-lattice setting
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Pritam
name: Bogdanov, Nikolay A.
name: Nishimoto, Satoshi
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Hozoi, Liviu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kitaev exchange, a new paradigm in quantum magnetism research, occurs for 90$^{\circ}$ metal-ligand-metal links, $t_{2g}^5$ transition ions, and sizable spin-orbit coupling. It is being studied in honeycomb compounds but also on triangular lattices. While for the former it is known by now that the Kitaev intersite couplings are ferromagnetic, for the latter the situation is unclear. Here we pin down the exchange mechanisms and determine the effective coupling constants in the $t_{2g}^5$ triangular-lattice material NaRuO$_2$, recently found to host a quantum spin liquid ground state. We show that, compared to honeycomb compounds, the characteristic triangular-lattice cation surroundings dramatically affect exchange paths and effective coupling parameters, changing the Kitaev interactions to antiferromagnetic. The quantum chemical analysis and subsequent effective spin model computations provide perspective onto the nature of the experimentally observed quantum spin liquid -- it seemingly implies finite longer-range exchange, and the atypical proximity to ferromagnetic order is related to sizable ferromagnetic Heisenberg nearest-neighbor couplings.
New Avenue for Accurate Analytical Waveforms and Fluxes for Eccentric Compact Binaries
Creators: name: Albanesi, Simone
name: Placidi, Andrea
name: Nagar, Alessandro
name: Orselli, Marta
name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new paradigm for constructing accurate analytic waveforms (and fluxes) for eccentric compact binaries. Our recipe builds on the standard Post-Newtonian (PN) approach but (i) retains implicit time-derivatives of the phase space variables in the instantaneous part of the noncircular waveform, and then (ii) suitably factorizes and resums this partly PN-implicit waveform using effective-one-body (EOB) procedures. We test our prescription against the exact results obtained by solving the Teukolsky equation with a test-mass source orbiting a Kerr black hole, and compare the use of the exact vs PN equations of motion for the time derivatives computation. Focusing only on the quadrupole contribution, we find that the use of the exact equations of motion yields an analytical/numerical agreement of the (averaged) angular momentum fluxes that is improved by $40\%$ with respect to previous work, with $4.5\%$ fractional difference for eccentricity $e=0.9$ and black hole dimensionless spin $-0.9\leq \hat{a}\leq +0.9$. We also find a remarkable convergence trend between Newtonian, 1PN and 2PN results. Our approach carries over to the comparable mass case using the resummed EOB equations of motion and paves the way to faithful EOB-based waveform model for long-inspiral eccentric binaries for current and future gravitational wave detectors.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, supplementary material fixed
On Supersymmetric Lifshitz Field Theories
Creators: name: Chapman, Shira
name: Oz, Yaron
name: Raviv-Moshe, Avia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider field theories that exhibit a supersymmetric Lifshitz scaling with two real supercharges. The theories can be formulated in the language of stochastic quantization. We construct the free field supersymmetry algebra with rotation singlet fermions for an even dynamical exponent $z=2k$ in an arbitrary dimension. We analyze the classical and quantum $z=2$ supersymmetric interactions in $2+1$ and $3+1$ spacetime dimensions and reveal a supersymmetry preserving quantum diagrammatic cancellation. Stochastic quantization indicates that Lifshitz scale invariance is broken in the $(3+1)$-dimensional quantum theory.
description: 26 pages
สารให้ความหวานแทนน้ำตาลเพื่อสุขภาพและการควบคุมน้ำหนัก
Creators: name: ปรัญรัชต์ ธนวิยุทธ์ภัคดี
Publisher: name: Thammasat University
Year: 2019
Subjects: สุขภาพสารให้ความหวานแทนน้ำตาล
การลดน้ำหนัก
พลังงาน
ดัชนีน้ำตาล
การควบคุม

description: Thai Journal of Science and Technology, 8, 1, 93-104
Recommending Solution Paths for Solving Optimization Problems with Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Poggel, Benedikt
name: Quetschlich, Nils
name: Burgholzer, Lukas
name: Wille, Robert
name: Lorenz, Jeanette Miriam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solving real-world optimization problems with quantum computing requires choosing between a large number of options concerning formulation, encoding, algorithm and hardware. Finding good solution paths is challenging for end users and researchers alike. We propose a framework designed to identify and recommend the best-suited solution paths. This introduces a novel abstraction layer that is required to make quantum-computing-assisted solution techniques accessible to end users without requiring a deeper knowledge of quantum technologies. State-of-the-art hybrid algorithms, encoding and decomposition techniques can be integrated in a modular manner and evaluated using problem-specific performance metrics. Equally, tools for the graphical analysis of variational quantum algorithms are developed. Classical, fault tolerant quantum and quantum-inspired methods can be included as well to ensure a fair comparison resulting in useful solution paths. We demonstrate and validate our approach on a selected set of options and illustrate its application on the capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP). We also identify crucial requirements and the major design challenges for the proposed automation layer within a quantum-assisted solution workflow for optimization problems.
description: Reviewed and published at IEEE QSW 2023