cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The impact of foreign trade policies on the Saudi Arabian economy: A dynamic computable general equilibrium analysis
Creators: name: Abu-Dahesh, Abdulwahab Said
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation analyzes the effects of different trade policies on the economic growth rate of Saudi Arabia. A partially adaptive dynamic Computable General Equilibrium model (CGE) is adopted in order to evaluate policy options and assess the impact of policy changes on resource allocation and growth rate over a ten-year period. Based on the assumptions of a typical neoclassical CGE model, this study found that a gradual trade liberalization provided the advantages of an improvement in the welfare of the society as well as improved national income and trade balance of the Saudi economy. In contrast, the protection policy led to the opposite effects of gradual trade liberalization. A number of limitations should be taken into consideration, however, due to the fact that the realities of the Saudi Arabian economy are more complex than this model can capture. In addition, the scope of this study is limited by the many assumptions usually involved in both the neoclassical model and the General Equilibrium Models.
Using Natural Language Processing to Identify and Classify Incidental Findings
Creators: name: Galal, Galal
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: deep learning
subject: algorithms
subject: lung cancer
subject: lung nodule
subject: Deep Learning
subject: Algorithms
subject: Lung Neoplasms

description: Over the last few years there has been an explosion of deep learning research leading to quick development of very powerful algorithms that have found their way into every industry. There are a few major reasons why deep learning is particularly attractive for algorithm development. The algorithms can complete complex tasks with surprisingly high accuracy. Deep learning models, unlike machine learning models, automatically extract features that are important for the algorithms task. The deep learning community has established and open-sourced high quality feature extractors and classifier architectures with weights included for most data domains.  Lung cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the US and globally. Lung cancers are conditions that include a silent phase during which intervention is highly effective, but patients are asymptomatic so there is no indication for an exam. It is common that patients with symptoms unrelated to a forming cancer get imaging to work-up their current illness. During these times an incidental nodule in the lungs may be captured and a radiologist may recommend a follow-up, but there are few mechanisms in place to ensure that these patients have their follow-up completed. As a point of quality control, NM would like to maximize the likelihood that a patient with an incidentally noted lung nodule with follow-up recommendations will receive appropriate follow-up. In order to meet this goal, we have developed an EHR ready artificial intelligence pipeline that identifies reports containing text suggesting a lung nodule requiring follow-up. We find that upon retrospective review, we are able to use machine learning to capture reports containing lung nodules requiring follow-up with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 87%.
Actions for twisted spectral triple and the transition from the Euclidean to the Lorentzian
Creators: name: Devastato, Agostino
name: Filaci, Manuele
name: Martinetti, Pierre
name: Singh, Devashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a review of recent results regarding the application of Connes' noncommutative geometry to the Standard Model, and beyond. By twisting (in the sense of Connes-Moscovici) the spectral triple of the Standard Model, one does not only get an extra scalar field which stabilises the electroweak vacuum, but also an unexpected 1-form field. By computing the fermionic action, we show how this field induces a transition from the Euclidean to the Lorentzian signature. Hints on a twisted version of the spectral action are also briefly mentioned.
description: Proceedings of the INFN meeting "Current problem in theoretical physics", Vietri April 2019
Boids in a Loop: Self-Propelled particles within a Flexible Boundary
Creators: name: Quillen, A. C.
name: Smucker, J. P.
name: Peshkov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically explore the behavior of repelling and aligning self-propelled polar particles (boids) in 2D enclosed by a damped flexible and elastic loop-shaped boundary. We observe disordered, polar ordered (or jammed) and circulating states. The latter produce a rich variety of boundary shapes including; circles, ovals, irregulars, ruffles, or sprockets, depending upon the bending moment of the boundary and the boundary to particle mass ratio. With the exception of the circulating states with non-round boundaries, states resemble those exhibited by attracting self-propelled particles, but here the confining boundary acts in place of a cohesive force. We attribute the formation of ruffles to instability mediated by pressure on the boundary when the speed of waves on the boundary approximately matches the self-propelled particle's swim speed.
Optimal Taxation with Consumption Time as a Leisure or Labor Substitute
Creators: name: Boadway, Robin
name: Gahvari, Firouz
name: Boadway, Robin
name: Gahvari, Firouz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Consumption time
subject: labor substitutes
subject: leisure substitutes
subject: optimal taxation

description: This paper studies the optimal commodity taxation problem when time taken in consumption is a perfect substitute for either labor or leisure. It shows that while labor substitutability affects the optimal tax structure, leisure substitutability leaves the classical optimal tax results intact. In the Ramsey tax framework with linear income taxes, whether the consumers have the same or different earning abilities, labor substitutes tend to be taxed at a higher rate than leisure substitutes with the tax differential being increasing in consumption time. This is not necessarily the case when one allows for nonlinear income taxation.
A mass supercritical problem revisited
Creators: name: Jeanjean, Louis
name: Lu, Sheng-Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J60, 35Q55

description: In any dimension $N\geq1$ and for given mass $m>0$, we revisit the nonlinear scalar field equation with an $L^2$ constraint: $$ -Δu=f(u)-μu, \quad u \in H^1(\mathbb{R}^N) \quad \text{with} \quad \|u\|^2_{L^2(\mathbb{R}^N)}=m. $$ where $μ\in\mathbb{R}$ will arise as a Lagrange multiplier. Assuming only that the nonlinearity $f$ is continuous and satisfies weak mass supercritical conditions, we show the existence of ground states and reveal the basic behavior of the ground state energy $E_m$ as $m>0$ varies. In particular, to overcome the compactness issue when looking for ground states, we develop robust arguments which we believe will allow treating other $L^2$ constrained problems in general mass supercritical settings. Under the same assumptions, we also obtain infinitely many radial solutions for any $N\geq2$ and establish the existence and multiplicity of nonradial sign-changing solutions when $N\geq4$. Finally we propose two open problems.
The impact of foreign trade policies on the Saudi Arabian economy: A dynamic computable general equilibrium analysis
Creators: name: Abu-Dahesh, Abdulwahab Said
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: This dissertation analyzes the effects of different trade policies on the economic growth rate of Saudi Arabia. A partially adaptive dynamic Computable General Equilibrium model (CGE) is adopted in order to evaluate policy options and assess the impact of policy changes on resource allocation and growth rate over a ten-year period. Based on the assumptions of a typical neoclassical CGE model, this study found that a gradual trade liberalization provided the advantages of an improvement in the welfare of the society as well as improved national income and trade balance of the Saudi economy. In contrast, the protection policy led to the opposite effects of gradual trade liberalization. A number of limitations should be taken into consideration, however, due to the fact that the realities of the Saudi Arabian economy are more complex than this model can capture. In addition, the scope of this study is limited by the many assumptions usually involved in both the neoclassical model and the General Equilibrium Models.
Entrepreneurship and Asymmetric Information in Input Markets
Creators: name: Boadway, Robin
name: Sato, Motohiro
name: Boadway, Robin
name: Sato, Motohiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: entrepreneurship
subject: asymmetric information
subject: adverse selection

description: Entrepreneurs starting new firms face two sorts of asymmetric information problems. Information about the quality of new investments may be private, leading to adverse selection in credit markets. And, entrepreneurs may not observe the quality of workers applying for jobs, resulting in adverse selection in labor markets. We construct a simple model to illustrate some consequences of new firms facing both sorts of asymmetric information. Multiple equilibria can occur. Stable equilibria can be in the interior, or at a corner in which no entrepreneurs enter. Stable interior equilibria can involve involuntary unemployment, as well as credit rationing. Equilibrium outcomes mismatch workers to firms, and will generally result in an inefficient number of new firms. With involuntary unemployment, there will be too few new firms, but with full employment, there may be too many or too few. Taxes or subsidies on new firms and employment can be used to achieve a second-best optimum. Alternative information assumptions are explored.
Creation of maximally entangled photon-number states using optical fiber multiports
Creators: name: Pryde, G. J.
name: White, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically demonstrate a method for producing the maximally path-entangled state (1/Sqrt[2]) (|N,0> + exp[iN phi] |0,N>) using intensity-symmetric multiport beamsplitters, single photon inputs, and either photon-counting postselection or conditional measurement. The use of postselection enables successful implementation with non-unit efficiency detectors. We also demonstrate how to make the same state more conveniently by replacing one of the single photon inputs by a coherent state.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. REVTeX4. Replaced with published version
Bureaucratic Advice and Political Governance
Creators: name: Boadway, Robin
name: Sato, Motohiro
name: Boadway, Robin
name: Sato, Motohiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Financial Economics
Political Economy

description: Politicians typically do not know what policies are best for achieving their broad objectives, so rely on bureaucrats for advice. Bureaucrats are better informed, so can manipulate outcomes by proposing policies that suit their interests. We capture this conflict of interests using a model of political decision-making that focuses on the interaction between politicians and the bureaucracies that advise them. In the basic model, a representative bureaucrat, knowing the characteristics of a given project, recommends to a representative politician whether to adopt it. If the politician chooses to adopt the project, its characteristics are revealed ex post. On the basis of the revealed outcome, the politician decides whether to discipline the bureaucrat. The bureaucrat anticipates imperfectly the chances of discipline when making an ex ante recommendation. When project characteristics are multi-dimensional, the politician can choose whether to seek advice from one bureaucrat or more than one. We compare outcomes in these centralized and decentralized regimes.
Portfolio-based prior learning assessment: An exploration of how faculty evaluate students' prior learning
Creators: name: Arnold, Taimi M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In this investigation of how faculty evaluators assess prior learning portfolios used for requesting college credit, a questionnaire was administered to faculty evaluators at American University and student credit award reports were compiled to create an analytic composite that (1) describes the evaluation behavior, characteristics, attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of the faculty evaluators, (2) determines the relationships between and among those factors, and (3) reveals underlying concepts and interrelationships among the variables. The Council for Adult and Experiential Learning (CAEL) academic standards (Whitaker, 1989) were applied less often than anticipated, providing impetuous to revisit these standards and examine their current usefulness in light of information about tacit knowledge (Polyani, 1967; Sternberg, 1995), knowing in action (Schon, 1983) and the diverse ways in which knowledge is developed outside of academe. Faculty were most inclined to consider the students' presentation of content and knowledge, analytic and critical thinking skills, writing skills, and evidence of reading and research. They were also somewhat inclined to consider the length and intensity of students' experiences and they tied experience to the learning process, which is in conflict with the CAEL standards, but may reflect an understanding of how learning is connected to experiences and the context in which they occur. Pylori (1998) reminds us that much of the controversy surrounding prior learning assessment comes from the challenge faced by institutions to meet the individualized assessment needs of nontraditional students and at the same time to ensure quality outcomes for all students and to preserve institutional integrity. High quality outcomes assessments provide valuable information about program effectiveness and integrity and also provide information for program improvement. This project provides a model for institutional outcomes assessment for portfolio assessment of prior learning in higher education and for enhancing institutional quality control. Future research includes conducting similar studies at other institutions. As further information is gathered about how evaluators determine if learning is sufficient to warrant academic credit, a broader, more generalizable model can be constructed of how evaluation of portfolio-based assessment of prior learning is conducted.
Planck-Scale Effects on Global Symmetries: Cosmology of Pseudo-Goldstone Bosons
Creators: name: Masso, Eduard
name: Rota, Francesc
name: Zsembinszki, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model with a small explicit breaking of a global symmetry, as suggested by gravitational arguments. Our model has one scalar field transforming under a non-anomalous U(1) symmetry, and coupled lo matter and to gauge bosons. The spontaneous breaking of the explicitly broken symmetry gives rise to a massive pseudo-Goldstone boson. We analyze thermal and non-thermal production of this particle in the early universe, and perform a systematic study of astrophysical and cosmological constraints on its properties. We find that for very suppressed explicit breaking the pseudo-Goldstone boson is a cold dark matter candidate.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures, Latex file; sections 3 and 4 merged; sections 5 and 6 merged; appendix B removed; to be published in Phys Rev D
Additional file 1 of Impacts of ocean current–atmosphere interactions on mesoscale eddy energetics in the Kuroshio extension region
Creators: name: Shan, Xuan
name: Jing, Zhao
name: Bingrong Sun
name: Lixin Wu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The isolation of mesoscale variabilities. (a) A snapshot of EKE isolated by a Loess filter with a 15° (longitude) × 5° (latitude) half width in the Kuroshio extension region (34°–40° N, 144°–155° E); (b) is similar to (a) but for the alternative filter we use in the paper. (c) The wavenumber spectrum of (a) and (b) denoted by the blue and red lines respectively.
Theoretical uncertainties on alpha_s from event-shape variables in e+e- annihilations
Creators: name: Jones, Roger W. L.
name: Ford, Matthew
name: Salam, Gavin P.
name: Stenzel, Hasko
name: Wicke, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precision of measurements of the strong coupling constant using event-shape variables in e+e- annihilations is limited by theoretical systematic uncertainties. The uncertainties are related to missing higher orders in the perturbative predictions for the event-shape distributions. A new method is presented for the assessment of theoretical uncertainties in alpha_s. This method evaluates the systematic uncertainty of the parameter alpha_s from the uncertainty of the prediction for the distributions from which it is extracted. The perturbative uncertainties are calculated on a purely theoretical basis, without accessing measured distributions. The method is therefore especially suited for an unbiased combination of results from different observables or experiments. It is universal and can be applied to other processes like jet production in deep-inelastic ep scattering or in hadron collisions.
description: 34 pages, 13 figures
Tagging and Redistributive Taxation
Creators: name: Boadway, Robin
name: Pestieau, Pierre
name: Boadway, Robin
name: Pestieau, Pierre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: optimal income tax
subject: tagging
subject: needs

description: We study optimal redistributive taxes when the population can be disaggregated into tagged groups. Under reasonable circumstances, the tax system will be more redistributive in the tagged group with the higher proportion of high-ability persons. We extend the analysis to the case where the tag reflects differences in resources required to achieve a given level of utility. The compensation given for needs depends on whether the income tax structure is differentiated by needs groups.
Additional file 2 of Characteristics of sleep/wake problems and delivery outcomes among pregnant Japanese women without gestational complications
Creators: name: Umeno, Shiho
name: Kato, Chiho
name: Nagaura, Yuki
name: Kondo, Hideaki
name: Eto, Hiromi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Sleep durations in the third trimester of pregnancy and sleep problems. Table S2. Comparison of sleep problems between ESS
Portfolio-based prior learning assessment: An exploration of how faculty evaluate students' prior learning
Creators: name: Arnold, Taimi M.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: In this investigation of how faculty evaluators assess prior learning portfolios used for requesting college credit, a questionnaire was administered to faculty evaluators at American University and student credit award reports were compiled to create an analytic composite that (1) describes the evaluation behavior, characteristics, attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions of the faculty evaluators, (2) determines the relationships between and among those factors, and (3) reveals underlying concepts and interrelationships among the variables. The Council for Adult and Experiential Learning (CAEL) academic standards (Whitaker, 1989) were applied less often than anticipated, providing impetuous to revisit these standards and examine their current usefulness in light of information about tacit knowledge (Polyani, 1967; Sternberg, 1995), knowing in action (Schon, 1983) and the diverse ways in which knowledge is developed outside of academe. Faculty were most inclined to consider the students' presentation of content and knowledge, analytic and critical thinking skills, writing skills, and evidence of reading and research. They were also somewhat inclined to consider the length and intensity of students' experiences and they tied experience to the learning process, which is in conflict with the CAEL standards, but may reflect an understanding of how learning is connected to experiences and the context in which they occur. Pylori (1998) reminds us that much of the controversy surrounding prior learning assessment comes from the challenge faced by institutions to meet the individualized assessment needs of nontraditional students and at the same time to ensure quality outcomes for all students and to preserve institutional integrity. High quality outcomes assessments provide valuable information about program effectiveness and integrity and also provide information for program improvement. This project provides a model for institutional outcomes assessment for portfolio assessment of prior learning in higher education and for enhancing institutional quality control. Future research includes conducting similar studies at other institutions. As further information is gathered about how evaluators determine if learning is sufficient to warrant academic credit, a broader, more generalizable model can be constructed of how evaluation of portfolio-based assessment of prior learning is conducted.
The Collapsar and Supranova Models
Creators: name: Dermer, Charles D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This rapporteur review summarizes results presented in Parallel Session GBT2 (Gamma Ray Burst Theory 2) on the Collapsar and Supranova Models held 25 July 2003 at the 10th Marcel Grossmann Meeting on General Relativity, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A central issue in GRB studies is the process whereby energy is released from the GRB engine. One scenario is the collapsar model, where the evolved stellar core promptly collapses to a black hole surrounded by a massive, intermittently-accreting torus of nuclear density material. A second scenario is the supranova model, where the first step of a two-step collapse process leaves behind a rapidly rotating neutron star stabilized by rotation, which later collapses to a black hole while making the GRB. In the supranova model, a powerful pulsar wind lasting days to weeks after the supernova makes distinctive signatures from the heating of the supernova remnant (SNR) shell, which should be discovered with Swift. This model also predicts nonstandard reddened excesses from the cooling SNR due to the range of delays between the two collapse events, contrary to observations of SN emissions from low redshift GRBs which favor the collapsar model. The observational basis for both models is critically reviewed. An outline of a GRB model is proposed where the second collapse takes place within minutes to hours after the primary SN event, during which time loss of centrifugal support along the rotation axis of the neutron star provides a relatively baryon-clean polar environment along which a newly formed, rapidly spinning black hole drives collimated baryon-dilute outflows.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure, in the Proceedings of the Tenth Marcel Grossmanm Meeting on General Relativity, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (July 20-26, 2003)
$ε$-shotgun: $ε$-greedy Batch Bayesian Optimisation
Creators: name: De Ath, George
name: Everson, Richard M.
name: Fieldsend, Jonathan E.
name: Rahat, Alma A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian optimisation is a popular, surrogate model-based approach for optimising expensive black-box functions. Given a surrogate model, the next location to expensively evaluate is chosen via maximisation of a cheap-to-query acquisition function. We present an $ε$-greedy procedure for Bayesian optimisation in batch settings in which the black-box function can be evaluated multiple times in parallel. Our $ε$-shotgun algorithm leverages the model's prediction, uncertainty, and the approximated rate of change of the landscape to determine the spread of batch solutions to be distributed around a putative location. The initial target location is selected either in an exploitative fashion on the mean prediction, or -- with probability $ε$ -- from elsewhere in the design space. This results in locations that are more densely sampled in regions where the function is changing rapidly and in locations predicted to be good (i.e close to predicted optima), with more scattered samples in regions where the function is flatter and/or of poorer quality. We empirically evaluate the $ε$-shotgun methods on a range of synthetic functions and two real-world problems, finding that they perform at least as well as state-of-the-art batch methods and in many cases exceed their performance.
description: Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference 2020 (GECCO '20). 9 pages (main paper) + 11 pages (supplementary material). Code avaliable at https://github.com/georgedeath/eshotgun
Breached Pairing Superfluidity at Finite Temperature and Density
Creators: name: Liao, Jinfeng
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general analysis on Fermion pairing at finite temperature and density between different species with mismatched Fermi surfaces is presented. Very different from the temperature effect of BCS phase, the recently found breached pairing phase resulted from density difference of the two species lies in a region with calabash-like shape in the $T-μ$ plane, and the most probable temperature for the new phase's creation is finite but not zero.
description: 5 papes, 5 figures. Comments are welcome to liaojf01@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn
Cultural pluralism and the Americanization of immigrants: The role of public schools and ethnic communities. Baltimore, 1890-1920
Creators: name: Bonvillain, Dorothy Guy
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Problem. The population of the United States has more than tripled in the twentieth century. This extraordinary growth is primarily the result of a massive influx of newcomers from diverse ethnic, religious, socio-political, economic, and cultural backgrounds. The subsequent and unprecedented diversity has sparked an escalating conflict over pluralism that many scholars fear could culminate in the disuniting of the American people. Purpose. This study places the conflict over pluralism and the issues of "Americanization," bilingual education, and "hyphenated-Americanism" into a broader historical perspective and theoretical context. It seeks lessons from history relevant to the current controversy, as well as future ethnic relations in America. Methodology. This study traces the historical roots of American pluralism. The preface includes a statistical snapshot of immigration into America, and a brief history on the development of common schooling, the idea of "Americanization," and the emerging Progressive Era. The major focus is Baltimore---a laboratory for examining the concept of "Americanization" and the role of public schools and ethnic communities in fostering this process. The Findings. The conflict over pluralism is linked to the evolution of assimilation theory: from "Americanization" (Anglo-conformity) and the "melting pot" at the turn of the century to "cultural pluralism" and "multiculturalism" today. Baltimore yields contrasting models for "Americanization" (as measured by attendance, retention, promotion into high school, and performance on annual exams): (1) success of the bilingual English-German schools; and (2) failure of the normative English-only program. Historical lessons are discussed, and Robert E. Park's theory for assimilation is suggested as a foundation upon which to construct a new theory for the twenty-first century. Recommendations for further research are also included.
Sharing Construction Safety Inspection Experiences and Site-Specific Knowledge through XR-Augmented Visual Assistance
Creators: name: Liu, Pengkun
name: Xing, Jinding
name: Xiong, Ruoxin
name: Tang, Pingbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Early identification of on-site hazards is crucial for accident prevention in the construction industry. Currently, the construction industry relies on experienced safety advisors (SAs) to identify site hazards and generate mitigation measures to guide field workers. However, more than half of the site hazards remain unrecognized due to the lack of field experience or site-specific knowledge of some SAs. To address these limitations, this study proposed an Extended Reality (XR)-augmented visual assistance framework, including Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR), that enables capturing and transferring subconscious inspection strategies between workers or workers/machines for a construction safety inspection. The purpose is to enhance SA's training and real-time situational awareness for identifying on-site hazards while reducing their mental workloads.
Noncommutative models in patch cosmology
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider several classes of noncommutative inflationary models within an extended version of patch cosmological braneworlds, starting from a maximally invariant generalization of the action for scalar and tensor perturbations to a noncommutative brane embedded in a commutative bulk. Slow-roll expressions and consistency relations for the cosmological observables are provided, both in the UV and IR region of the spectrum; the inflaton field is assumed to be either an ordinary scalar field or a Born-Infeld tachyon. The effects of noncommutativity are then analyzed in a number of ways and energy regimes.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Figures 1 and 2 are included in the text, Figs. 3-8 are in a low-resolution jpeg format. These and other high-resolution figures are available upon request to the author (calcagni@fis.unipr.it). v3: corrected misprints
Hadronic contributions to a_μbelow one GeV
Creators: name: Colangelo, Gilberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a method for evaluating the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution below 1 GeV to a_μwhich relies on analyticity, unitarity and chiral symmetry, as well as on data. The main advantage is that in the region just above threshold, where data are either scarce or have large errors, these theoretical constraints are particularly strong, and therefore allow us to reduce the uncertainties with respect to a purely data-based evaluation. Some preliminary numerical results are presented as illustration of the method.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, talk given at the SIGHAD 03 Workshop in Pisa, 8-10 October 2003
Cultural pluralism and the Americanization of immigrants: The role of public schools and ethnic communities. Baltimore, 1890-1920
Creators: name: Bonvillain, Dorothy Guy
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: Problem. The population of the United States has more than tripled in the twentieth century. This extraordinary growth is primarily the result of a massive influx of newcomers from diverse ethnic, religious, socio-political, economic, and cultural backgrounds. The subsequent and unprecedented diversity has sparked an escalating conflict over pluralism that many scholars fear could culminate in the disuniting of the American people. Purpose. This study places the conflict over pluralism and the issues of "Americanization," bilingual education, and "hyphenated-Americanism" into a broader historical perspective and theoretical context. It seeks lessons from history relevant to the current controversy, as well as future ethnic relations in America. Methodology. This study traces the historical roots of American pluralism. The preface includes a statistical snapshot of immigration into America, and a brief history on the development of common schooling, the idea of "Americanization," and the emerging Progressive Era. The major focus is Baltimore---a laboratory for examining the concept of "Americanization" and the role of public schools and ethnic communities in fostering this process. The Findings. The conflict over pluralism is linked to the evolution of assimilation theory: from "Americanization" (Anglo-conformity) and the "melting pot" at the turn of the century to "cultural pluralism" and "multiculturalism" today. Baltimore yields contrasting models for "Americanization" (as measured by attendance, retention, promotion into high school, and performance on annual exams): (1) success of the bilingual English-German schools; and (2) failure of the normative English-only program. Historical lessons are discussed, and Robert E. Park's theory for assimilation is suggested as a foundation upon which to construct a new theory for the twenty-first century. Recommendations for further research are also included.
Stochastic Perturbations in Vortex Tube Dynamics
Creators: name: Moriconi, L.
name: Nobre, F. A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dual lattice vortex formulation of homogeneous turbulence is developed, within the Martin-Siggia-Rose field theoretical approach. It consists of a generalization of the usual dipole version of the Navier-Stokes equations, known to hold in the limit of vanishing external forcing. We investigate, as a straightforward application of our formalism, the dynamics of closed vortex tubes, randomly stirred at large length scales by gaussian stochastic forces. We find that besides the usual self-induced propagation, the vortex tube evolution may be effectively modeled through the introduction of an additional white-noise correlated velocity field background. The resulting phenomenological picture is closely related to observations previously reported from a wavelet decomposition analysis of turbulent flow configurations.
description: 16 pages + 2 eps figures, REVTeX4
"Strangers to each other": The American encounter with Mexico, 1877-1910
Creators: name: Jayes, Janice Lee
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The U.S. and Mexico engage in a profound level of economic, political and physical contact, yet the American cultural relationship with Mexico is characterized by ignorance of the history or contemporary condition of the neighboring nation and marked by two seemingly contradictory attitudes: Mexico is simultaneously condemned for not imitating the American model of development and idealized as a timeless haven from modern life. This dissertation argues that this stereotyped pattern of ignorance, villification and romanticization is not an impediment to communication, but a form of communication itself. It persists despite the past century's expansion in trade and tourism because it provides Americans with a satisfying vision of U.S. interaction with the outside world and alleviates American anxieties regarding the direction of U.S. development. The origins of this pattern can be found in the early Porfiriato, when both the U.S. and Mexico sought the benefits of new economic links. This dissertation examines three areas of cultural interaction that reveal the competition between the two nations to characterize the changing relationship. Part I explores diplomatic competition by examining the myth and reality of U.S. Minister John Watson Foster's confrontation with Porfirio Diaz. Although Foster was consistently outmaneuvered by the new Diaz administration, he achieved renown as the architect of the subsequent U.S.-Mexican alliance, reflecting the long-term failure of the early Porfirian foreign policy objectives. Part II examines Mexico's efforts to strengthen national sovereignty by altering American images of Mexican economic and political life. once again, the Mexican overtures confronted American assumptions of leadership and the resulting compromises did little to promote the long-term interests of Mexico. Part III examines the realms of tourism and world fairs. Although Mexico sought to use the new forms of interaction to raise American regard for Mexico, the Americans elaborated a "wonderland" vision of Mexico that served their own psychological needs and discredited evidence of Mexican progress as unnatural.
"Strangers to each other": The American encounter with Mexico, 1877-1910
Creators: name: Jayes, Janice Lee
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies

description: The U.S. and Mexico engage in a profound level of economic, political and physical contact, yet the American cultural relationship with Mexico is characterized by ignorance of the history or contemporary condition of the neighboring nation and marked by two seemingly contradictory attitudes: Mexico is simultaneously condemned for not imitating the American model of development and idealized as a timeless haven from modern life. This dissertation argues that this stereotyped pattern of ignorance, villification and romanticization is not an impediment to communication, but a form of communication itself. It persists despite the past century's expansion in trade and tourism because it provides Americans with a satisfying vision of U.S. interaction with the outside world and alleviates American anxieties regarding the direction of U.S. development. The origins of this pattern can be found in the early Porfiriato, when both the U.S. and Mexico sought the benefits of new economic links. This dissertation examines three areas of cultural interaction that reveal the competition between the two nations to characterize the changing relationship. Part I explores diplomatic competition by examining the myth and reality of U.S. Minister John Watson Foster's confrontation with Porfirio Diaz. Although Foster was consistently outmaneuvered by the new Diaz administration, he achieved renown as the architect of the subsequent U.S.-Mexican alliance, reflecting the long-term failure of the early Porfirian foreign policy objectives. Part II examines Mexico's efforts to strengthen national sovereignty by altering American images of Mexican economic and political life. once again, the Mexican overtures confronted American assumptions of leadership and the resulting compromises did little to promote the long-term interests of Mexico. Part III examines the realms of tourism and world fairs. Although Mexico sought to use the new forms of interaction to raise American regard for Mexico, the Americans elaborated a "wonderland" vision of Mexico that served their own psychological needs and discredited evidence of Mexican progress as unnatural.
Confronting Inflation Models with the Coming Observations on Primordial Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Qiu, Taotao
name: Katsuragawa, Taishi
name: Ni, Shulei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent observations from CMB have imposed a very stringent upper-limit on the tensor/scalar ratio $r$ of inflation models, $r < 0.064$, which indicates that the primordial gravitational waves (PGW), even though possible to be detected, should have a power spectrum of a tiny amplitude. However, current experiments on PGW is ambitious to detect such a signal by improving the accuracy to an even higher level. Whatever their results are, it will give us much information about the early Universe, not only from the astrophysical side but also from the theoretical side, such as model building for the early Universe. In this paper, we are interested in analyzing what kind of inflation models can be favored by future observations, starting with a kind of general action offered by the effective field theory (EFT) approach. We show a general form of $r$ that can be reduced to various models, and more importantly, we show how the accuracy of future observations can put constraints on model parameters by plotting the contours in their parameter spaces.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures with title changed and contents improved
Statistics in the high school mathematics curriculum: Is the curriculum preparing students to be quantitatively literate?
Creators: name: Long, Kimberly Elizabeth
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In 1989, the National Council for Teachers in Mathematics (NCTM) published standards for teaching mathematics in the K--12 curriculum. The standards intended to provide a basis for curriculum development and to aid in the development of textbooks and tests. Additional NCTM publications aimed to develop teacher training programs an to aid professional development activities. The American Statistical Association (ASA) and the NCTM joint committee on statistics education worked to develop draft standards for teaching probability and statistics in the K--12 mathematics curriculum. The committee wanted particular emphasis on probability and statistics topics in the mathematics curriculum, not just isolated topics haphazardly integrated into existing mathematics courses, such as algebra, geometry, and calculus. Today, probability and statistics have been integrated into high school curriculum and separate courses have been created as well. The ASA's Quantitative Literacy Project and recent NCTM's publications have helped teachers incorporate probability and statistics into their lessons. Recent annual NCTM meetings have devoted entire sessions to teaching probability and statistics. In May of 1997, the first Advanced Placement examination in statistics was offered. Even though several reform efforts have made progress, educators and textbook writers still need help in presenting statistics in a manner recommended by the NCTM. This dissertation attempts to answer the key question: What progress has been made in incorporating probability and statistics in the high school curriculum?
Global well-posedness of the Benjamin-Ono equation in H^1(R)
Creators: name: Tao, Terence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q53

description: We show that the Benjamin-Ono equation is globally well-posed in $H^s(\R)$ for $s \geq 1$. This is despite the presence of the derivative in the non-linearity, which causes the solution map to not be uniformly continuous in $H^s$ for any $s$. The main new ingredient is to perform a global gauge transformation which almost entirely eliminates this derivative.
description: 21 pages, no figures. Minor mathematical errors corrected
Statistics in the high school mathematics curriculum: Is the curriculum preparing students to be quantitatively literate?
Creators: name: Long, Kimberly Elizabeth
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems

description: In 1989, the National Council for Teachers in Mathematics (NCTM) published standards for teaching mathematics in the K--12 curriculum. The standards intended to provide a basis for curriculum development and to aid in the development of textbooks and tests. Additional NCTM publications aimed to develop teacher training programs an to aid professional development activities. The American Statistical Association (ASA) and the NCTM joint committee on statistics education worked to develop draft standards for teaching probability and statistics in the K--12 mathematics curriculum. The committee wanted particular emphasis on probability and statistics topics in the mathematics curriculum, not just isolated topics haphazardly integrated into existing mathematics courses, such as algebra, geometry, and calculus. Today, probability and statistics have been integrated into high school curriculum and separate courses have been created as well. The ASA's Quantitative Literacy Project and recent NCTM's publications have helped teachers incorporate probability and statistics into their lessons. Recent annual NCTM meetings have devoted entire sessions to teaching probability and statistics. In May of 1997, the first Advanced Placement examination in statistics was offered. Even though several reform efforts have made progress, educators and textbook writers still need help in presenting statistics in a manner recommended by the NCTM. This dissertation attempts to answer the key question: What progress has been made in incorporating probability and statistics in the high school curriculum?
Additional file 2 of Effects of siRNA silencing on the susceptibility of the fish cell line CHSE-214 to Yersinia ruckeri
Creators: name: Menanteau-Ledouble, Simon
name: Schachner, Oskar
name: Lawrence, Mark L.
name: El-Matbouli, Mansour
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Relative gene expression of the silenced genes compared to the control, as assessed by RT-qPCR. Relative gene expression levels of the silenced genes were calculated using the 2−ΔΔCt method and ubiquitin and elongation factor 1-alpha were used as reference genes according to Peña et al. [19]. Average results compared to both house-keeping genes were then calculated and relative expression values were then converted into percentage of the expression into the silenced genes compared to the control for clarity. Greyed out cells represent genes whose silencing did not significantly impact the gentamycin assay.