cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Superconducting boron doped nanocrystalline diamond microwave coplanar resonator
Creators: name: Cuenca, Jerome A.
name: Brien, Thomas
name: Mandal, Soumen
name: Manifold, Scott
name: Doyle, Simon
name: Porch, Adrian
name: Klemencic, Georgina M.
name: Williams, Oliver A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A superconducting boron doped nanocrystalline diamond (B-NCD) coplanar waveguide resonator (CPR) is presented for kinetic inductance ($L_k$) and penetration depth ($λ_{\rm{L}}$) measurements at microwave frequencies of 0.4 to 1.2 GHz and at temperatures below 3 K. Using a simplified effective medium CPR approach, this work demonstrates that thin granular B-NCD films ($t\approx $ 500 nm) on Si have a large penetration depth ($λ_{\rm{L}}\approx 4.3$ to 4.4 $μ$m), and therefore an associated high kinetic inductance ($L_{k,\square} \approx $ 670 to 690 pH/$\square$). These values are much larger than those typically obtained for films on single crystal diamond which is likely due to the significant granularity of the nanocrystalline films. Based on the measured Q factors of the structure, the calculated surface resistance in this frequency range is found to be as low as $\approx$ 2 to 4 $μΩ$ at $T<2$ K, demonstrating the potential for granular B-NCD for high quality factor superconducting microwave resonators and highly sensitive kinetic inductance detectors.
description: First draft
High-speed, clinical-scale microfluidic generation of stable phase-change droplets for gas embolotherapy
Creators: name: Bardin, David
name: Sheeran, Paul S.
name: Martz, Thomas D.
name: Dayton, Paul A.
name: Shih, Roger
name: Lee, Abraham P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: In this study we report on a microfluidic device and droplet formation regime capable of generating clinical-scale quantities of droplet emulsions suitable in size and functionality for in vivo therapeutics. By increasing the capillary number – based on the flow rate of the continuous outer phase – in our flow-focusing device, we examine three modes of droplet breakup: geometry-controlled, dripping, and jetting. Operation of our device in the dripping regime results in the generation of highly monodisperse liquid perfluoropentane droplets in the appropriate 3–6 µm range at rates exceeding 105 droplets per second. Based on experimental results relating droplet diameter and the ratio of the continuous and dispersed phase flow rates, we derive a power series equation, valid in the dripping regime, to predict droplet size by Dd ≅ 27(QC/QD)−5/12. The volatile droplets in this study are stable for weeks at room temperature yet undergo rapid liquid-to-gas phase transition, and volume expansion, above a uniform thermal activation threshold. The opportunity exists to potentiate locoregional cancer therapies such as thermal ablation and percutaneous ethanol injection using thermal or acoustic vaporization of these monodisperse phase-change droplets to intentionally occlude the vessels of a cancer.
Renormalized perturbation theory flow equations for the Anderson impurity model
Creators: name: Pandis, Vassilis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the renormalized perturbation theory (RPT) to the symmetric Anderson impurity model. Within the RPT framework exact results for physical observables such as the spin and charge susceptibility can be obtained in terms of the renormalized values $\tilde{\boldsymbolμ} = (\tildeΔ, \tilde{U})$ of the hybridization $Δ$ and Coulomb interaction $U$ of the model. The main difficulty in the RPT approach usually lies in the calculation of the renormalized values themselves. In the present work we show how this can be accomplished by deriving differential flow equations describing the evolution of $\tilde{\boldsymbol μ} (Δ)$ with $Δ$. By exploiting the fact that $\tilde{\boldsymbol μ} (Δ)$ can be determined analytically in the limit $Δ\rightarrow \infty$ we solve the flow equations numerically to obtain estimates for the renormalized parameters in the range $0
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Three cardinal numbers to safeguard bees against pesticide exposure: LD₅₀, NOEC (revised) and the Haber exponent.
Creators: name: Cresswell, James E.
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Regulators often employ cardinal indicators to justify measures to protect the health of farmland bees from pesticides used in crop protection. Previously, in evaluating the likely hazard of a compound, they have made extensive use of its LD50 (‘lethal dose to 50% of exposed subjects’), and NOEC (‘no observable effect concentration’). Here, I argue that regulators should also use a third indicator, namely the Haber exponent. The Haber exponent qualifies the meaning of the LD50 by revealing the relative hazard of environmentally relevant exposures longer than that used to determine the LD50 originally. Additionally, I show how the experimental protocol used to determine the Haber exponent will also produce a well-founded, parametric value of the NOEC. Taken together, these three numbers establish a strong foundation on which to evaluate the potential impact of an agrochemical on bees.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 462 (2018): Hazards of pesticides to bees 13th International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Protection Group 18. - 20. October 2017, València (Spain) - Proceedings -
Action Principles for Extended MHD Models
Creators: name: Charidakos, I. Keramidas
name: Lingam, M.
name: Morrison, P. J.
name: White, R. L.
name: Wurm, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general, non-dissipative, two-fluid model in plasma physics is Hamiltonian, but this property is sometimes lost or obscured in the process of deriving simplified (or reduced) two-fluid or one-fluid models from the two-fluid equations of motion. To ensure that the reduced models are Hamiltonian, we start with the general two-fluid action functional, and make all the approximations, changes of variables, and expansions directly within the action context. The resulting equations are then mapped to the Eulerian fluid variables using a novel nonlocal Lagrange-Euler map. Using this method, we recover Lüst's general two-fluid model, extended MHD, Hall MHD, and electron MHD from a unified framework. The variational formulation allows us to use Noether's theorem to derive conserved quantities for each symmetry of the action.
description: 13 pages
Stellar collisions in globular clusters: the origin of multiple stellar populations
Creators: name: Kravtsov, Valery
name: Dib, Sami
name: Calderon, Francisco A.
name: Belinchon, Jose A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two generations of stars, G1 and G2, typically populate Galactic globular clusters (GCs). The origin of G2 stars is unclear. We uncover two empirical dependencies between GC characteristics, which can be explained by the formation of G2 Main-Sequence (MS) stars due to collision\merging of their primordial counterparts (G1). A similar genesis of both G2 stars and peculiar objects like LMXBs and millisecond pulsars is also implied. Indeed, we find a significant (at a confidence level > 99,9%) anti-correlation between the fraction of G1 red giants ($N_{G1}/N_{tot}$) and stellar encounter rates among 51 GCs. Moreover, a Milky Way-like initial mass function (IMF) requires at least ~50% of MS stars located in the mass range [0.1-0.5] $M\odot$. Unlike cluster mass loss, stellar collisions\merging retain these G1 stars by converting them into more massive G2 ones, with mainly M_ms > 0.5 $M\odot$. This process coupled with a decreasing relative mass loss with increasing GC masses implies a smaller ($N_{G1}/N_{tot}$) in more massive GCs with a shallower present day MF. From data for 35 GCs, we find that such an anti-correlation is significant at 98.3% confidence level (Spearman's correlation) for 12 most massive GCs ($M_{GC} > 10^{5.3}$) and it is at a confidence level of 89% for the 12 least massive GCs ($M_{GC} < 10^{5.1} M_\odot$). Other fractions of G1 and G2 stars observed at the bottom of the MS as compared with the red giant branch in a few GCs are consistent with the scenario proposed.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in MNRAS (slightly abridged abstract)
Dissolution-guided wetting for microarray and microfluidic devices
Creators: name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Sims, Christopher E.
name: Wang, Yuli
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The trapping of air bubbles presents a substantial impediment for the user in the increasingly widespread use of lab-on-a-chip products having microcavities in the forms of microwells, traps, dead ends and corners. Here we demonstrate a simple, effective, and passive method to eliminate air bubbles by coating hydrophilized microarray and microfluidic devices with a monosaccharide such as D-glucose or D-sorbitol, where the microcavities are filled with a conformal, elliptical, cone-shaped monosaccharide solid. These devices were stored in air for up to 6 months with a complete rewetting of the microcavities by dissolution of the monosaccharide with an aqueous solution.
Freeze-In of radiative keV-scale neutrino dark matter from a new $\text{U}(1)_\text{B-L}$
Creators: name: Berbig, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the Dirac Scotogenic model with the aim of realizing neutrino masses together with the mass of a keV-scale dark matter (DM) candidate via the same one-loop topology. Two of the Standard Model (SM) neutrinos become massive Dirac fermions while the third one remains massless. Our particle content is motivated by an anomaly free $\text{U}(1)_\text{B-L}$ gauge symmetry with exotic irrational charges and we need to enforce an additional $\mathcal{Z}_5$ symmetry. The dark matter candidate does not mix with the active neutrinos and does not have any decay modes to SM particles. DM is produced together with dark radiation in the form of right handed neutrinos via out of equilibrium annihilations of the SM fermions mediated by the heavy B-L gauge boson. In order to avoid DM over-production from Higgs decays and to comply with Lyman-$α$ bounds we work in a low temperature reheating scenario with $4\;\text{MeV}\lesssim T_\text{RH}\lesssim 5\;\text{GeV}$. Our setup predicts a contribution to $ΔN_\text{eff.}$ that decreases for larger DM masses and is below the sensitivity of upcoming precision measurements such as CMB-S4. A future observation of a signal with $ΔN_\text{eff.}\gtrsim 0.012$ would exclude our scenario. We further sketch how inflation, reheating and Affleck-Dine baryogenesis can also be potentially realized in this unified framework.
description: v2: Typos fixed, references added, two short estimates about Higgs mediated annihilations added, conclusions unchanged; v3: Added projections on Higgs to Inv. decays, matches published version
A two-pass fuzzy-geno approach to pattern classification
Creators: name: Basu, Subhadip
name: Kundu, Mahantapas
name: Nasipuri, Mita
name: Basu, Dipak Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The work presents an extension of the fuzzy approach to 2-D shape recognition [1] through refinement of initial or coarse classification decisions under a two pass approach. In this approach, an unknown pattern is classified by refining possible classification decisions obtained through coarse classification of the same. To build a fuzzy model of a pattern class horizontal and vertical fuzzy partitions on the sample images of the class are optimized using genetic algorithm. To make coarse classification decisions about an unknown pattern, the fuzzy representation of the pattern is compared with models of all pattern classes through a specially designed similarity measure. Coarse classification decisions are refined in the second pass to obtain the final classification decision of the unknown pattern. To do so, optimized horizontal and vertical fuzzy partitions are again created on certain regions of the image frame, specific to each group of similar type of pattern classes. It is observed through experiments that the technique improves the overall recognition rate from 86.2%, in the first pass, to 90.4% after the second pass, with 500 training samples of handwritten digits.
Additional file 1 of Outcomes and risks in palliative pancreatic surgery: an analysis of the German StuDoQ|Pancreas registry
Creators: name: Hofmann, Felix O.
name: Miksch, Rainer C.
name: Weniger, Maximilian
name: Keck, Tobias
name: Anthuber, Matthias
name: Witzigmann, Helmut
name: Nuessler, Natascha C.
name: Reissfelder, Christoph
name: Köninger, Jörg
name: Ghadimi, Michael
name: Bartsch, Detlef K.
name: Hartwig, Werner
name: Angele, Martin K.
name: D’Haese, Jan G.
name: Werner, Jens
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Software. Fig S1. Missingness and Missingness Patterns. Fig S2. Box-and-whisker plots of imputed values. Fig S3. Density plot of imputed values. Fig S4. Strip plot of imputed values. Fig S5. Mean and standard deviation of imputed values.
A Semantic VSM-Based Recommender System
Creators: name: Fanaee-T, Hadi
name: Yazdi, Mehran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online forums enable users to discuss together around various topics. One of the serious problems of these environments is high volume of discussions and thus information overload problem. Unfortunately without considering the users interests, traditional Information Retrieval (IR) techniques are not able to solve the problem. Therefore, employment of a Recommender System (RS) that could suggest favorite's topics of users according to their tastes could increases the dynamism of forum and prevent the users from duplicate posts. In addition, consideration of semantics can be useful for increasing the performance of IR based RS. Our goal is study of impact of ontology and data mining techniques on improving of content-based RS. For this purpose, at first, three type of ontologies will be constructed from the domain corpus with utilization of text mining, Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Wordnet and then they will be used as an input in two kind of RS: one, fully ontology-based and one with enriching the user profile vector with ontology in vector space model (VSM) (proposed method). Afterward the results will be compared with the simple VSM based RS. Given results show that the proposed RS presents the highest performance.
Prediction of single-atom-thick transition metal nitride CrN$_4$ with a square-planar network and high-temperature ferromagnetism
Creators: name: Liu, Dapeng
name: Feng, Panjun
name: Zhang, Shuo
name: Gao, Miao
name: Ma, Fengjie
name: Yan, Xun-Wang
name: Xie, Z. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-atom-thick two-dimensional materials such as graphene usually have a hexagonal lattice while the square-planar lattice is uncommon in the family of two-dimensional materials. Here, we demonstrate that single-atom-thick transition metal nitride CrN$_4$ monolayer is a stable free-standing layer with a square-planar network. The stability of square-planar geometry is ascribed to the combination of N=N double bond, Cr-N coordination bond, and $π$-d conjugation, in which the double $π$-d conjugation is rarely reported in previous studies. This mechanism is entirely different from that of the reported two-dimensional materials, leading to lower formation energy and more robust stability compared to the synthesized g-C$_3$N$_4$ monolayer. On the other hand, CrN$_4$ layer has a ferromagnetic ground state, in which the ferromagnetic coupling between two Cr atoms is mediated by electrons of the half-filled large $π$ orbitals from $π$-d conjugation. The high-temperature ferromagnetism in CrN$_4$ monolayer is confirmed by solving the Heisenberg model with Monte Carlo method.
description: https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.106.125421
Κριτική αξιολόγηση του ελληνικού θεραπευτικού πρωτοκόλλου για τη διαγνωστική προσπέλαση, κλινική παρακολούθηση και θεραπεία της νόσου Gaucher με βάση τη θεωρία της τεκμηριωμένης ιατρικής και των τεκμηριωμένων μεθόδων ιατρικής έρευνας
Creators: name: Κωλέτση, Ισμήνη Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Νόσος Gaucher
Τεκμηριωμένη ιατρική
Gaucher disease
Evidence-based medicine

description: Σκοπός της μελέτης: Η παρούσα εργασία είχε ως στόχο να αξιολογήσει κριτικά το ελληνικό θεραπευτικό πρωτόκολλο για τη διαγνωστική προσπέλαση, κλινική παρακολούθηση και θεραπεία της νόσου Gaucher. Μέθοδος: Η αξιολόγηση έγινε με βάση τις διεθνείς κατευθυντήριες οδηγίες καθώς και δημοσιευμένες σε επιστημονικά περιοδικά μελέτες και τεκμηριωμένες έρευνες. Αποτελέσματα: Το ελληνικό πρωτόκολλο στην περίπτωση της νόσου Gaucher σε γενικές γραμμές συμφωνεί με τα διεθνή πρότυπα. Γίνονται αναφορές στις διεθνείς κατευθυντήριες οδηγίες και σε τεκμηριωμένες μελέτες μέσα από τις οποίες διαπιστώνεται ότι αφήνονται περιθώρια για ενδεχόμενες διευκρινήσεις και προσθήκες. Συμπέρασμα: Το θεραπευτικό πρωτόκολλο ακολουθεί τις αρχές της τεκμηριωμένης ιατρικής, με ορισμένες ωστόσο ελλείψεις και αδυναμίες.
description: Purpose of the study: The present thesis aimed to critically evaluate the Greek therapeutic protocol for the diagnostic access, clinical monitoring and treatment of Gaucher disease. Method: The evaluation was based on international guidelines as well as published in scientific journals studies and evidence-based research. Effect: The Greek protocol in the case of Gaucher disease is generally in line with the international standards. International guidelines and evidence-based studies are cited through which possible clarifications and additions arise. Conclusion: The therapeutic protocol generally follows the principles of evidence-based medicine, with some shortcomings and weaknesses, however.
La scuola per l'infanzia e primaria in Italia tra architettura e pedagogia. Proposte per la trasformazione degli spazi di apprendimento
Creators: name: Carullo, Pellegrino
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: ICAR/10 ARCHITETTURA TECNICA
subject: Architettura
subject: Pedagogia
subject: Metaprogetto

description: 2015 - 2016
description: Starting from the recent law provisions contained in the MIUR (Italian Ministry of Education) Plan - and aimed to revamp school buildings, this Ph.D. thesis has investigated methods and preliminary criteria applicable to the transformation of learning spaces for preschool and primary school, presuming an interconnection among “pedagogy”, “architecture” and “technical regulations”. The results of the research are therefore to be found in both pedagogy and architecture, which have characterized the Ph.D. activities. That is to say, identifying meta-project guidelines for the transformation of existing spaces for preschools and primary schools in Italy – after analyzing a complex critical apparatus divided into working phases validated by the choice and analysis of case histories and by the selection of general and technical bibliographies. This made possible the development of a research based on the widespread knowledge of the phenomenology of the first-level school-system, through the understanding of pedagogical, architectural and legislative values and parameters that have served as the basis of its founding elements, as time passed by. As a result of such an interaction, several concept proposals have been put forward to scientifically implement the ongoing debate on the themes of strategic connections for models of “school regeneration”, that can affect the quality and organization of the architectural space at the service of Science of Education. It is clear that such a work presents some critical method- and content-related points. In the first case, it comes to acknowledging that the research identifies different procedures aiming to offer designers a technical and cultural argument-based framework, which is expressed above all through general operational guidelines. A sort of “evaluation and conceptual manual” apart from current “literature”, and therefore subject to changes in the parameters adopted. The second case complements the first one: namely, this Ph.D. experience could have continued subsequently as an “applied research” field activity, so as to verify the theses assumed in the foreword and gathered from meta-project results. Due to the general purposes of the different phases of the research, such a goal could not be achieved in this work and is therefore addressed to other and subsequent scientific research activities... [edited by Author]
Modular microfluidic system fabricated in thermoplastics for the strain-specific detection of bacterial pathogens
Creators: name: Pingle, Maneesh R.
name: Wang, Hong
name: Chen, Yi-Wen
name: Witek, Makgorzata
name: Hupert, Mateusz
name: Soper, Steven A.
name: Dharmasiri, Udara
name: Barany, Francis
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The recent outbreaks of a lethal E. coli strain in Germany have aroused renewed interest in developing rapid, specific and accurate systems for detecting and characterizing bacterial pathogens in suspected contaminated food and/or water supplies. To address this need, we have designed, fabricated and tested an integrated modular-based microfluidic system and the accompanying assay for the strain-specific identification of bacterial pathogens. The system can carry out the entire molecular processing pipeline in a single disposable fluidic cartridge and detect single nucleotide variations in selected genes to allow for the identification of the bacterial species, even its strain with high specificity. The unique aspect of this fluidic cartridge is its modular format with task-specific modules interconnected to a fluidic motherboard to permit the selection of the target material. In addition, to minimize the amount of finishing steps for assembling the fluidic cartridge, many of the functional components were produced during the polymer molding step used to create the fluidic network. The operation of the cartridge was provided by electronic, mechanical, optical and hydraulic controls located off-chip and packaged into a small footprint instrument (1 ft3). The fluidic cartridge was capable of performing cell enrichment, cell lysis, solid-phase extraction (SPE) of genomic DNA, continuous flow (CF) PCR, CF ligase detection reaction (LDR) and universal DNA array readout. The cartridge was comprised of modules situated on a fluidic motherboard; the motherboard was made from polycarbonate, PC, and used for cell lysis, SPE, CF PCR and CF LDR. The modules were task-specific units and performed universal zip-code array readout or affinity enrichment of the target cells with both made from poly(methylmethacrylate), PMMA. Two genes, uidA and sipB/C, were used to discriminate between E. coli and Salmonella, and evaluated as a model system. Results showed that the fluidic system could successfully identify bacteria in <40 min with minimal operator intervention and perform strain identification, even from a mixed population with the target of a minority. We further demonstrated the ability to analyze the E. coli O157:H7 strain from a waste-water sample using enrichment followed by genotyping.
DC magnetization studies of nano- and micro-particles of bilayered manganite LaSr2Mn2O7
Creators: name: Ehsani, M. E.
name: Ghazi, M. E.
name: Kameli, P.
name: Razavi, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematic studies of magnetic properties of LaSr2Mn2O7 as a function of crystalline grain size provide information on how the crystalline grain size affects the magnetic and charge ordering in this compound. The half-doped bi-layered manganite LaSr2Mn2O7 (x=0.5) in its bulk form has CE-type antiferromagnetic (CE-AFM) charge ordering phase transition. In this work, we have prepared LaSr2Mn2O7 ceramic samples using Pechini sol-gel method to produce different grain sizes and the effect of crystalline grain sizes between 150 200 to 1000 nm on magnetic properties results obtained by the SQUID magnetometer have been investigated. The DC magnetization (DCM) measurements for all samples indicate that the crystalline grain size has no considerable effect on TCO. Just the temperature of charge ordering peak becomes sharper, and susceptibility measurement in the zero field cooling (ZFC) and filed cooling (FC) increases as the grain sizes becomes systematically smaller. The results obtained from magnetic hysteresis curves confirm the anti-ferromagnetic phase formation as a ground state and Arrott plots obtained manifest the existence of first and second order magnetic phase transition in all samples. In addition, in sample with a grain size of 150 200 nm, enhancement of the magnetic properties, which is accompanied with the formation of FM phase on the surface of grain or particle, is observed.
A microfluidic chip integrating DNA extraction and real-time PCR for the detection of bacteria in saliva
Creators: name: Ramsey, J. Michael
name: Alarie, Jean Pierre
name: Oblath, Emily A.
name: Henley, W. Hampton
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A microfluidic chip integrating DNA extraction, amplification, and detection for the identification of bacteria in saliva is described. The chip design integrated a monolithic aluminum oxide membrane (AOM) for DNA extraction with seven parallel reaction wells for real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR) amplification of the extracted DNA. Samples were first heated to lyse target organisms and then added to the chip and filtered through the nanoporous AOM to extract the DNA. PCR reagents were added to each of the wells and the chip was thermocycled. Identification of Streptococcus mutans in a saliva sample is demonstrated along with the detection of 300 fg (100–125 copies) of both methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) genomic DNA (gDNA) spiked into a saliva sample. Multiple target species and strains of bacteria can be simultaneously identified in the same sample by varying the primers and probes used in each of the seven reaction wells. In initial tests, as little as 30 fg (8–12 copies) of MSSA gDNA in buffer has been successfully amplified and detected with this device.
Harmonic generation of noble-gas atoms in the Near-IR regime using ab-initio time-dependent R-matrix theory
Creators: name: Hassouneh, O.
name: Brown, A. C.
name: van der Hart, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the capability of ab-initio time-dependent R-matrix theory to obtain accurate harmonic generation spectra of noble-gas atoms at Near-IR wavelengths between 1200 and 1800 nm and peak intensities up to 1.8 X 10(14) W/cm(2) . To accommodate the excursion length of the ejected electron, we use an angular-momentum expansion up to Lmax = 279. The harmonic spectra show evidence of atomic structure through the presence of a Cooper minimum in harmonic generation for Kr, and of multielectron interaction through the giant resonance for Xe. The theoretical spectra agree well with those obtained experimentally.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Pseudo-Phase Transitions of Ising and Baxter-Wu Models in Two-Dimensional Finite-Size Lattices
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Wang, Fangfang
name: Sun, Pengwei
name: Wang, Jincheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article offers a detailed analysis of pseudo-phase transitions of Ising and Baxter-Wu models in two-dimensional finite-size lattices. We carry out Wang Landau sampling to obtain the density of states. Using microcanonical inflection point analysis with microcanonical entropy, we obtain the order of the psuedo-phase transitions in the models. The microcanonical analysis results of the second-order transition for the Ising model and the first-order transition for the Baxter-Wu model are consistent with the traditional canonical results. In addition, the third-order transitions are found in both models, implying the universality of higher-order phase transitions.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Capture and 3D culture of colonic crypts and colonoids in a microarray platform
Creators: name: Wang, Yuli
name: Ahmad, Asad A.
name: Magness, Scott T.
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Sims, Christopher E.
name: Shah, Pavak K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Crypts are the basic structural and functional units of colonic epithelium and can be isolated from the colon and cultured in vitro into multi-cell spheroids termed “colonoids”. Both crypts and colonoids are ideal building blocks for construction of an in vitro tissue model of the colon. Here we proposed and tested a microengineered platform for capture and in vitro 3D culture of colonic crypts and colonoids. An integrated platform was fabricated from polydimethylsiloxane which contained two fluidic layers separated by an array of cylindrical microwells (150-μm diameter, 150-μm depth) with perforated bottoms (30-μm opening, 10-μm depth) termed “microstrainers”. As fluid moved through the array, crypts or colonoids were retained in the microstrainers with a >90% array-filling efficiency. Matrigel as an extracellular matrix was then applied to the microstrainers to generate isolated Matrigel pockets encapsulating the crypts or colonoids. After supplying the essential growth factors, epidermal growth factor, Wnt-3A, R-spondin 2 and noggin, 63±13% of the crypts and 77±8% of the colonoids cultured in the microstrainers over a 48–72 h period formed viable 3D colonoids. Thus colonoid growth on the array was similar to that under standard culture conditions (78±5%). Additionally the colonoids displayed the same morphology and similar numbers of stem and progenitor cells as those under standard culture conditions. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed that the differentiated cell-types of the colon, goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells and absorptive enterocytes, formed on the array. To demonstrating the utility of the array in tracking the colonoid fate, quantitative fluorescence analysis was performed on the arrayed colonoids exposed to reagents such as Wnt-3A and the γ-secretase inhibitor LY-411575. The successful formation of viable, multi-cell type colonic tissue on the microengineered platform represents a first step in the building of a “colon-on-a-chip” with the goal of producing the physiologic structure and organ-level function of the colon for controlled experiments.
On the Complexity of List Ranking in the Parallel External Memory Model
Creators: name: Jacob, Riko
name: Lieber, Tobias
name: Sitchinava, Nodari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of list ranking in the parallel external memory (PEM) model. We observe an interesting dual nature for the hardness of the problem due to limited information exchange among the processors about the structure of the list, on the one hand, and its close relationship to the problem of permuting data, which is known to be hard for the external memory models, on the other hand. By carefully defining the power of the computational model, we prove a permuting lower bound in the PEM model. Furthermore, we present a stronger Ω(log^2 N) lower bound for a special variant of the problem and for a specific range of the model parameters, which takes us a step closer toward proving a non-trivial lower bound for the list ranking problem in the bulk-synchronous parallel (BSP) and MapReduce models. Finally, we also present an algorithm that is tight for a larger range of parameters of the model than in prior work.
Additional file 1 of Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as promising anticancer agents
Creators: name: Emami, Leila
name: Sadeghian, Sara
name: Mojaddami, Ayyub
name: khabnadideh, Soghra
name: Sakhteman, Amirhossein
name: Sadeghpour, Hossein
name: Faghih, Zeinab
name: Fereidoonnezhad, Masood
name: Rezaei, Zahra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figures S1–S58
Depth-aware Neural Style Transfer using Instance Normalization
Creators: name: Ioannou, Eleftherios
name: Maddock, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural Style Transfer (NST) is concerned with the artistic stylization of visual media. It can be described as the process of transferring the style of an artistic image onto an ordinary photograph. Recently, a number of studies have considered the enhancement of the depth-preserving capabilities of the NST algorithms to address the undesired effects that occur when the input content images include numerous objects at various depths. Our approach uses a deep residual convolutional network with instance normalization layers that utilizes an advanced depth prediction network to integrate depth preservation as an additional loss function to content and style. We demonstrate results that are effective in retaining the depth and global structure of content images. Three different evaluation processes show that our system is capable of preserving the structure of the stylized results while exhibiting style-capture capabilities and aesthetic qualities comparable or superior to state-of-the-art methods. Project page: https://ioannoue.github.io/depth-aware-nst-using-in.html.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, Computer Graphics & Visual Computing (CGVC) 2022
RF study and simulations of a C-band Barrel Open Cavity (BOC) pulse compressor
Creators: name: Shu, Guan
name: Zhao, Feng-Li
name: He, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper focuses on the RF study of a C-band(5712MHz) BOC pulse compressor. The operating principle of BOC is presented and the technical specifications are determined. The main components of BOC such as the cavity, the matching waveguide, the coupling slots and the tuning rings were numerically simulated by 3-D codes software HFSS and CST Microwave Studio(MWS). The "whispering gallery" mode TM6,1,1 with an unload Q of 100000 was chosen to oscillate in the cavity. An energy multiplication factor of 1.99 and a peak power gain of 6.34 were achieved theoretically.
Configurable Per-Query Data Minimization for Privacy-Compliant Web APIs
Creators: name: Pallas, Frank
name: Hartmann, David
name: Heinrich, Paul
name: Kipke, Josefine
name: Grünewald, Elias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of regulatory data minimization obligations is to limit personal data to the absolute minimum necessary for a given context. Beyond the initial data collection, storage, and processing, data minimization is also required for subsequent data releases, as it is the case when data are provided using query-capable Web APIs. Data-providing Web APIs, however, typically lack sophisticated data minimization features, leaving the task open to manual and all too often missing implementations. In this paper, we address the problem of data minimization for data-providing, query-capable Web APIs. Based on a careful analysis of functional and non-functional requirements, we introduce Janus, an easy-to-use, highly configurable solution for implementing legally compliant data minimization in GraphQL Web APIs. Janus provides a rich set of information reduction functionalities that can be configured for different client roles accessing the API. We present a technical proof-of-concept along with experimental measurements that indicate reasonable overheads. Janus is thus a practical solution for implementing GraphQL APIs in line with the regulatory principle of data minimization.
description: Preprint version (2022-03-18) This version of the contribution has been accepted for publication at the 22nd International Conference on Web Engineering (ICWE 2022), Bari, Italy
Η εντόπιση του πρωτοπαθούς κακοήθους νεοπλάσματος του παχέος εντέρου: Ένας σημαντικός προγνωστικός παράγοντας
Creators: name: Κορκίδας, Νικόλαος Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Εντόπιση
Κακοήθες νεόπλασμα παχέος εντέρου
Προγνωστικός παράγοντας
Location
Malignant primary tumor of colon
Prognostic factor

description: Το παχύ έντερο αποτελεί το τμήμα του γαστρεντερικού σωλήνα που έχει ως κύρια λειτουργία την απορρόφηση ύδατος και ηλεκτρολυτών καθώς και την επακόλουθη παραγωγή των κοπράνων. Ο καρκίνος του παχέος εντέρου είναι ιδιαίτερα συχνός και αποτελεί σημαντική πηγή νοσηρότητας και θνητότητας. Υπάρχουν διάφοροι παράγοντες, οι οποίοι σχετίζονται με την πρόγνωση του καρκίνου αυτού. Η εντόπιση του καρκίνου του παχέος εντέρου στο αριστερό ή δεξί κόλον φαίνεται πως σχετίζεται σημαντικά με την πρόγνωση του. Ιδιαίτερα, τόσο στον τοπικά εντοπισμένο, όσο και στον μεταστατικό καρκίνο του παχέος εντέρου φαίνεται πως η εντόπιση σχετίζεται με αυξημένη πιθανότητα νοσηρότητας και θνητότητας, καθώς και αυξημένο κίνδυνο επανεμφάνισης του καρκίνου μετά τη θεραπεία. Ωστόσο, τα δεδομένα από διαφορετικές μελέτες δεν φαίνεται να συμφωνούν μεταξύ τους, κυρίως εξαιτίας των διαφορετικών μεθοδολογιών.
description: The large intestine is the part of the gastrointestinal tract whose main function is the absorption of water and electrolytes as well as the subsequent production of feces. Colorectal cancer is particularly common and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. There are several factors that are related to the prognosis of this cancer. The localization of colon cancer in the left or right colon seems to be significantly related to its prognosis. In particular, in both locally localized and metastatic colon cancer, localization appears to be associated with an increased likelihood of morbidity and mortality, as well as an increased risk of cancer recurrence after treatment. However, data from different studies do not seem to agree with each other, mainly due to different methodologies.
Flow-focusing regimes for accelerated production of monodisperse drug-loadable microbubbles toward clinical-scale applications
Creators: name: Lee, Abraham P.
name: Martz, Thomas D.
name: Shih, Roger
name: Sheeran, Paul S.
name: Dayton, Paul A.
name: Bardin, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Ultrasound imaging often calls for the injection of contrast agents, micron-sized bubbles which echo strongly in blood and help distinguish vascularized tissue. Such microbubbles are also being augmented for targeted drug delivery and gene therapy, by the addition of surface receptors and therapeutic payloads. Unfortunately, conventional production methods yield a polydisperse population, whose nonuniform resonance and drug-loading are less than ideal. An alternative technique, microfluidic flow-focusing, is able to produce highly monodisperse microbubbles with stabilizing lipid membranes and drug-carrying oil layers. However, the published 1 kHz production rate for these uniform drug bubbles is very low compared to conventional methods, and must be improved before clinical use can be practical. In this study, flow-focusing production of oil-layered lipid microbubbles was tested up to 300 kHz, with coalescence suppressed by high lipid concentrations or inclusion of Pluronic F68 surfactant in the lipid solution. The transition between geometry-controlled and dripping production regimes was analysed, and production scaling was found to be continuous, with a power trend of exponent ~5/12 similar to literature. Unlike prior studies with this trend, however, scaling curves here were found to be pressure-dependent, particularly at lower pressure-flow equilibria (e.g. <15 psi). Adjustments in oil flow rate were observed to have a similar effect, akin to a pressure change of 1–3 psi. This analysis and characterization of high-speed dual-layer bubble generation will enable more-predictive production control, at rates practical for in vivo or clinical use.
A compact and versatile microfluidic probe for local processing of tissue sections and biological specimens
Creators: name: Cors, J. F.
name: Lovchik, R. D.
name: Delamarche, E.
name: Kaigala, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microfluidic probe (MFP) is a non-contact, scanning microfluidic technology for local (bio)chemical processing of surfaces based on hydrodynamically confining nanoliter volumes of liquids over tens of micrometers. We present here a compact MFP (cMFP) that can be used on a standard inverted microscope and assist in the local processing of tissue sections and biological specimens. The cMFP has a footprint of 175 X 100 X 140 mm^3 and can scan an area of 45 X 45 mm^2 on a surface with an accuracy of +-15 um. The cMFP is compatible with standard surfaces used in life science laboratories such as microscope slides and Petri dishes. For ease of use, we developed self-aligned mounted MFP heads with standardized chip-to-world and chip-to-platform interfaces. Switching the processing liquid in the flow confinement is performed within 90 seconds using a selector valve with a dead-volume of approximately 5 uL. We further implemented height-compensation that allows a cMFP head to follow non-planar surfaces common in tissue and cellular ensembles. This was shown by patterning different macroscopic copper-coated topographies with height differences up to 750 um. To illustrate the applicability to tissue processing, 5 um thick M000921 BRAF V600E+ melanoma cell blocks were stained with hematoxylin to create contours, lines, spots, gradients of the chemicals, and multiple spots over larger areas. The local staining was performed in an interactive manner using a joystick and a scripting module. The compactness, user-friendliness and functionality of the cMFP will enable it to be adapted as a standard tool in research, development and diagnostic laboratories, particularly for the interaction with tissues and cells.
Integration of pre-aligned liquid metal electrodes for neural stimulation within a user-friendly microfluidic platform
Creators: name: Khan, Asif
name: Taylor, Anne Marion
name: Dickey, Michael D.
name: Hallfors, Nicholas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Electrical stimulation of nervous tissue is used clinically for the treatment of multiple neurological disorders and experimentally for basic research. With the increase of optical probes to record neuronal activity, simple and user-friendly methods are desired to stimulate neurons and their subcellular compartments for biological experimentation. Here we describe the novel integration of liquid metal electrodes with microfluidic culture platforms to accomplish this goal. We integrated electrode and cell channels into a single poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) chip, eliminating entirely the need to align electrodes with microchannels. We designed the electrode channels such that the metal can be injected by hand and when the device is non-covalently bound to glass. We demonstrated the biocompatibility of the electrodes for long-term cultures (12 days) using hippocampal neurons. We demonstrated the use of these electrodes to depolarize neurons and recorded neuronal activity using the calcium indicator dye, Fluo-4. We established optimal stimulation parameters that induce neuronal spiking without inducing damage. We showed that the liquid metal electrode evoked larger calcium responses in somata than bath electrodes using the same stimulus parameters. Lastly we demonstrated the use of these liquid metal electrodes to target and depolarize axons. In summary, the integration of liquid metal electrodes with neuronal culture platforms provides a user-friendly and targeted method to stimulate neurons and their subcellular compartments, thus providing a novel tool for future biological investigations.
A Helium-Carbon Correlation on the Extreme Horizontal Branch in $ω$ Centauri
Creators: name: Latour, Marilyn
name: Randall, Suzanna K.
name: Fontaine, Gilles
name: Bono, Giuseppe
name: Calamida, Annalisa
name: Brassard, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking advantage of a recent FORS2/VLT spectroscopic sample of Extreme Horizontal Branch (EHB) stars in $ω$ Cen, we isolate 38 spectra well suited for detailed atmospheric studies and determine their fundamental parameters ($T_{\rm eff}$, log $g$, and log $N$(He)/$N$(H)) using NLTE, metal line-blanketed models. We find that our targets can be divided into three groups: 6 stars are hot ($T_{\rm eff}$$\buildrel>\over\sim\ $ 45,000 K) H-rich subdwarf O stars, 7 stars are typical H-rich sdB stars ($T_{\rm eff}$$ \buildrel\over\sim\ $ $-$1.0) subdwarfs. Surprisingly and quite interestingly, these He-rich hot subdwarfs in $ω$ Cen cluster in a narrow temperature range ($\sim$35,000 K to $\sim$40,000 K). We additionally measure the atmospheric carbon abundance and find a most interesting positive correlation between the carbon and helium atmospheric abundances. This correlation certainly bears the signature of diffusion processes - most likely gravitational settling impeded by stellar winds or internal turbulence - but also constrains possible formation scenarios proposed for EHB stars in $ω$ Cen. For the He-rich objects in particular, the clear link between helium and carbon enhancement points towards a late hot flasher evolutionary history.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ (12-09-2014), 17 pages