cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advances in Radiation Forecast Based on Regional Weather Models MM5 and WRF
Creators: name: Müller, S.C.
name: Remund, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV System Engineering and Standards, Socio-economic Aspects, and Sustainability

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4629-4632
description: With growing installations of solar power plants and integration into the electricity grid there is a
demand for forecasting the energy production on a short-term basis for the entire electricity management. Within IEA
SHC Task 36, which ran from mid 2005 until mid 2011, METEOTEST made tests in the Alpine region with its
operational numerical weather forecast models to forecast hourly global radiation of the next 72 hours or three days.
With the regional weather models MM5 and WRF, setups with different horizontal resolutions were tested. Forecast
data series were validated at Swiss measurement sites from the national meteorological network for each forecasted
day separately. The first tests analyzed only the direct model output while at project end statistical post-processing
methods were applied. In order to have comparable datasets only periods of more than 6 months are shown. As a
measure for the quality of the forecast the root mean square error (RMSE) was chosen. Improvements in setups and
post-processing techniques resulted in lowering the relative RMSE from 55% to 41% on hourly global radiation.
With relatively low effort significant enhancements are possible.
Comparative Analysis of Solar Energy Linear Focus Concentrating Photovoltaic Systems
Creators: name: Vardanyan, R.
name: Vardanyan, V.
name: Dallakyan, V.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV System Engineering and Standards, Socio-economic Aspects, and Sustainability

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4651-4653
description: The comparative analysis of three different types of solar energy mirror reflecting linear focus
concentrating photovoltaic systems (parabolic trough, Fresnel flat mirrors, and parabolic trough composed by linear flat
mirrors) is realized. For calculations and comparative analysis the specially developed computer program CPV-CAD is
used. All structures of photovoltaic systems are cost optimized with the use of computer program CPV-CAD and after
that the systems having the minimal prices are comparatively analyzed. It is shown that to design the cost effective
linear focus mirror reflecting photovoltaic concentrating system, different types of systems must be cost optimized and
compared. It is shown also that in most cases the solar energy mirror reflecting flat Fresnel linear focus concentrating
photovoltaic systems are economically more effective than the parabolic trough type systems with parabolic mirrors as
well as the parabolic trough type systems composed by flat mirrors, placed on a parabolic surface.
title: Real-Time MIR Algorithms for Music-Reactive Game World Generation
Creators: name: Meier, Peter
name: Schwär, Simon
name: Rosenzweig, Sebastian
name: Müller, Meinard
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Game
subject: MIR
subject: real-time
subject: beat tracking

description: In music education, an important learning objective is to acquire a sense of rhythm and melody, e.g., by tapping or singing along to a musical performance. In this context, music games are becoming increasingly popular due to their accessibility and interactivity. However, existing games are often tailored to a specific musical repertoire. In this paper, we will explore the potential of music information retrieval (MIR) algorithms for generating dynamic game worlds that are reactive to musical input in real-time, e.g., to music from a stereo system or a live performance. Such games may be used to explore musical performances in an interactive and playful way. As a case study, we therefore developed a jump-andrun game prototype that challenges players to tap along the beat of the music in their environment. Its music-reactive game world relies on past and predicted beat positions estimated by a real-time beat tracking algorithm.
Non-monotonous polymer translocation time across corrugated channels: comparison between Fick-Jacobs approximation and numerical simulations
Creators: name: Bianco, Valentino
name: Malgaretti, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the translocation of polymers across varying-section channels. Using systematic approximations, we derive a simplified model that reduces the problem of polymer translocation through varying-section channels to that of a point-like particle under the action of an effective potential. Such a model allows us to identify the relevant parameters controlling the polymers dynamics and, in particular, their translocation time. By comparing our analytical results with numerical simulations we show that, under suitable conditions, our model provides reliable predictions of the dynamics of both Gaussian and self-avoiding polymers, in two- and three-dimensional confinement. Moreover, both theoretical predictions, as well Brownian dynamic results, show a non-monotonous dependence of polymer translocation velocity as a function of polymer size, a feature that can be exploited for polymer separation.
title: Inclusive Security by Design
Creators: name: Knierim, Pascal
name: Prange, Sarah
name: Feger, Sebastian
name: Schneegaß, Stefan
name: Sasse, Angela
name: Bayerl, Dominik
name: Hof, Hans-Joachim
name: Alt, Florian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: usable security
subject: inclusion
subject: self-determined security

description: With the digital transformation touching all aspects of people’s lives, digital security practices and shortcomings increasingly affect the physical world, with substantial consequences for human quality of life. The way digital security is currently designed is a significant barrier for many users. It creates negative user experiences and makes many people dependent on others to participate in the digital world safely. Understanding, controlling, and acting on digital security aspects is key to a self-determined life. Collaborative research is required to address this important challenge that could bring the digital transformation to a halt. This workshop aims to bring together researchers from the human-computer-interaction and security communities to build an understanding of technical and social requirements for inclusive security.
Remarks on GJMS operator of order six
Creators: name: Chen, Xuezhang
name: Hou, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study analysis aspects of the sixth order GJMS operator $P_g^6$. Under conformal normal coordinates around a point, the expansions of Green's function of $P_g^6$ with pole at this point are presented. As a starting point of the study of $P_g^6$, we manage to give some existence results of prescribed $Q$-curvature problem on Einstein manifolds. One among them is that for $n \geq 10$, let $(M^n,g)$ be a closed Einstein manifold of positive scalar curvature and $f$ a smooth positive function in $M$. If the Weyl tensor is nonzero at a maximum point of $f$ and $f$ satisfies a vanishing order condition at this maximum point, then there exists a conformal metric $\tilde g$ of $g$ such that its $Q$-curvature $Q_{\tilde g}^6$ equals $f$.
description: to appear Pacific Journal of Mathematics
The First French PV Power Plant Equipped with 2 Axis Tracking -  One Year Feedback
Creators: name: Paponneau, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV System Engineering and Standards, Socio-economic Aspects, and Sustainability

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4659-4660
description: With the growing number of PV power plant projects, the need to compare and validate photovoltaic
systems efficiency is crucial. This paper analyzes the one year feedback of the first French photovoltaic power plant
equipped with 2 axis tracking systems. The goal of the study was to verify and validate the Exotrack 2 axis tracking
systems reliability and to confirm through a pilot site the low level of maintenance needed for second generation
tracking systems. In addition, a fixed-tilt photovoltaic sensor was installed on the same site in order to assess fixedtilt
installation performances versus 2 axis tracking power plants.
Percolation in Finite Matching Lattices
Creators: name: Mertens, Stephan
name: Ziff, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an exact, simple relation between the average number of clusters and the wrapping probabilities for two-dimensional percolation. The relation holds for periodic lattices of any size. It generalizes a classical result of Sykes and Essam and it can be used to find exact or very accurate approximations of the critical density. The criterion that follows is related to the criterion Scullard and Jacobsen use to find precise approximate thresholds, and our work provides a new perspective on their approach.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
title: Introducing Roboticising User Interfaces (RUIs)
Creators: name: Kullmann, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human Machine Cooperation
subject: Automated Systems
subject: Smart Home
subject: User Experience Design
subject: UX
subject: Physical Interfaces
subject: Otherware

description: I propose the notion of Roboticising User Interfaces (RUIs) that help cope with the daily problems we let into our homes and lives by automation. A culture of cooperation in the form of recommendations and requests is established by enabling a system to become part of a bidirectional (voiceless) dialogue instigated by the (implicit) interaction between human and machine. The means of communication on the system side are based on gestures made up of the psychophysical stimuli resulting from mechanics; users respond to such recommen-dations or requests by interacting with the system based on the given interaction paradigm(s). During a first empirical study with 15 participants, a prototype of a RUI in the form of a lighting system has been investigated. It can be derived that RUIs enable to articulate intent. Moreover, indications were found that allow the assumption that by positively influencing their user's behaviour, automated systems with a RUI have a greater supporting effect in achieving an arbitrary but common goal (often the reason for automation in the first place) than those without one.
Further Improvements in Surface Modification of MC Silicon Solar Cells: Comparison of Different Post-PSG Cleans Suitable for Inline Emitters
Creators: name: Stassen, A.F.
name: Koppes, M.
name: Komatsu, Y.
name: Weeber, A.W.
name: Hoogboom, J.
name: Oosterholt, J.
name: Ritmeijer, S.
name: Groenewoud, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1657-1659
description: Insufficient removal of phosphosilicate glass (PSG) after inline emitter formation for crystalline silicon
solar cells is a limiting factor in reaching high efficiencies. With additional cleaning steps, the surface can be
modified to increase both short-circuit current and open-circuit voltage without decreasing the fill factor. In this paper
we demonstrate that the efficiency can be increased by at least 0.4% absolute by using simple surface modification
processes.
title: Experimental Integration of Especially Vulnerable Road Users (eVRU) in Vehicle-to-Human (V2H) Communications Research
Creators: name: Ilic, Mario
name: Margreiter, Martin
name: Bogenberger, Klaus
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Vehicle to Human (V2H) Communication
subject: Especially Vulnerable Road Users (eVRU)
subject: Testbed for Urban Connected and Automated Traffic

description: With the rise of automated vehicle (AV) technologies in recent years, the topic of external human machine interfaces (eHMI) for intent communication between AVs and other traffic participants, especially vulnerable road users (VRU), has gained huge interest in research and development [1]. Offering a possibility to overcome the social interaction void that arises with the introduction of AV, the development and testing of eHMI in AV-VRU communication concentrated mainly on interactions between pedestrians and AV.
Spectrometric Characterization of Multi-Junction Organic Solar Cells
Creators: name: Seifert, H.
name: Hohl-Ebinger, J.
name: Uhrich, C.
name: Timmreck, R.
name: Riede, M.
name: Warta, W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 813-818
description: Many absorber materials used for the fabrication of organic solar cells cover a rather narrow wavelength
region in their Spectral Response (SR). Therefore, the use of several absorbing layers with different SR in multi-junction
solar cells is of high benefit in order to cover a wider part of the solar spectrum and, in addition, can be realized with a
straightforward extension of the manufacturing process of single junction devices. Thus, recently organic multi-junction
devices have gained great interest and attracted a broad research activity. In consequence, precise and reliable
determination of the performance parameters of such devices constitutes an increasing demand at calibration laboratories
such as Fraunhofer ISE CalLab PV Cells.
The presented procedures allow for determining solar cell parameters of such technologies in accordance to standard test
conditions (STC) traceable to international units. The existing experience with measuring III-V multi-junction solar cells
at Fraunhofer ISE with a multi-source solar simulator was translated to measurements on encapsulated thin film organic
multi-junction solar cells manufactured within a cooperation of Heliatek GmbH and IAPP.
The paper reports the methodology of the calibration of a multi-junction organic solar cell. The SR of the component
cells were determined applying suitable LED bias light and a reverse bias voltage chosen to prevent measurement
artefacts. With the results we were able to perform a spectrometric characterization for this organic tandem solar cell and
verify that a close current matching under the AM1.5g spectrum was achieved. The knowledge of the current at the
current matching point enables to calculate the absolute SR of the sub cells. Also specific considerations which have to
be taken into account when measuring encapsulated thin film (e.g. organic) solar cells will be discussed.
The Carbon Footprint of PECVD Chamber Cleaning Using Fluorinated Gases
Creators: name: Schottler, M.
name: De Wild-Scholten, M.J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2505-2509
description: Fluorinated gases like CF4, C2F6, SF6, NF3, F2 by on-site generation can be used by the semiconductor
and photovoltaic industry for etching silicon wafers and (PE)CVD chamber cleaning. Avoidance of the emission of
the gases CF4, C2F6, SF6 and NF3 is required because they have a high global warming effect and high atmospheric
life-time. In this work a comparison is made of the carbon footprint from the use of these gases in chamber cleaning.
The carbon footprint is calculated as the total greenhouse gas emissions over the whole life-cycle of the gases.
The steps in the life cycle are the following: production of the compounds, transportation, distribution in the fab
(connection of cylinders), use in the process, abatement to destroy the unreacted gases and take-back of cylinders.
Emissions from each step can be direct (from emission of the fluorinated gases) or indirect (from energy use).
Preliminary results (excluding SF6 onsite recycling), partly based on best guesses, indicate that the life-cycle
greenhouse gas emissions are dominated by rest emissions of the fluorinated gases after abatement in the usage
phase, followed by fugitive emissions during downtime of the abatement system and cleaning of the not completely
empty returned cylinders.
The use of on-site generated F2 turns out to be clearly in advantage over the other fluorinated compounds because F2
has a global warming potential of zero. Possible improvement options to minimize the use and emission of
fluorinated gas are (1) strict procedure for connection of cylinders, (2) complete usage or reliable abatement of the
gas from the bottle, (3) the recovery or reliable abatement of unused gases from the process and (4) good end-point
detection of the process.
Chemical Passivation of a Silicon Surface for Minority Carrier Bulk-Lifetime Measurements
Creators: name: Solcansky, M.
name: Machacek, M.
name: Bousek, J.
name: Poruba, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1669-1672
description: This work deals with an examination of a different solution types for the chemical passivation of a silicon
surface. Various solutions are tested on silicon wafers for their consequent comparison. The main purpose of this work is
to find optimal solution, which suits the requirements of a time stability and start-up velocity of passivation,
reproducibility of the measurements and a possibility of a perfect cleaning of a passivating solution residues from a
silicon surface, so that the parameters of a measured silicon wafer will not worsen and there will not be any
contamination of the other wafers in series in the production after a repetitive return of the measured wafer into the
production process. The cleaning process itself is also a subject of a development.
Theorie der allgemeinen Kontinuität
Creators: name: Kutalia, Lasha-Giorgi
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Humboldt-Universität, Leitung und Verwaltung
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Verbrechen
subject: Strafe
subject: Handlungsbegriff
subject: Kontinuitätstheorie
subject: 340 Recht

description: Durch das Verbrechen wird die strafrechtliche Beziehung weder ausgelöst noch beendet. Sie fängt mit dem Adressieren der Pflichten an Individuen, die sie als Subjekte der Beziehung konstituieren und setzt sich auch im Falle des Delikts durch Strafe ununterbrochen fort. Das Strafprozeß- und Strafvollstreckungsrecht füllen keine Lücken zwischen den Teilbereichen des materiellen Strafrechts, die vor der geschehenen Tat und nach der vollstreckten Strafe bewiesen werden können. Anders gewendet, Strafverhängung und Strafvollstreckung trennen nicht die materiellrechtliche Beziehung, sondern werden davon umfaßt: Es kommt auf die lückenlos zusammenhängende strafrechtliche Beziehung in ihrer Komplexität an.
Product operators on mixed norm spaces
Creators: name: Grey, Wayne
name: Sinnamon, Gord
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46E30, Secondary 44A35, 26D15

description: Inequalities for product operators on mixed norm Lebesgue spaces and permuted mixed norm Lebesgue spaces are established. They depend only on inequalities for the factors and on the Lebesgue indices involved. Inequalities for the bivariate Laplace transform are given to illustrate the method. Also, an elementary proof is presented for an $n$-variable Young's inequality in mixed norm spaces.
title: Using an Infrared Pen as an Input Device for Projected Augmented Reality Tabletops
Creators: name: Maierhöfer, Vitus
name: Schmid, Andreas
name: Wimmer, Raphael
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: projected augmented reality
subject: input device
subject: pen input
subject: computer vision

description: Interactive tabletops do not only offer a large surface for collaborative interaction. They also offer quick access to digital tools directly at the table - where a large number of everyday activities take place. Tabletops with an embedded display are generally less flexible and more fragile than ordinary massive tabletops. Physical objects on the tabletop occlude the digital content. In contrast, top-down-projected interfaces using an overhead camera-projector system allow for augmenting arbitrary tables and the object lying on them. However, detecting pointing input only via a camera image captured from above requires robustly recognizing whether a finger or pen touches the tabletop or whether it hovers slightly above it. In this paper, we present a solution for reliably tracking a pen on arbitrary tabletop surfaces. The pen emits infrared light via a tip made of optical fiber. A camera captures position and shape of the light point on the surface. Our open-source tracking algorithm combines heuristics and a machine learning model to distinguish between drawing and hovering. A pilot study with 7 participants shows that that this system can be reliably used for drawing and writing on tabletops. However, occlusion by users’ hands can deteriorate tracking of the pen.
Electrolytic Nickel Deposition for the Front Side Metallization of Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bay, N.
name: Radtke, V.
name: Alemán, M.
name: Bartsch, J.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1434-1436
description: In this work the formation of a nickel seed layer for the front side metallization of silicon solar cells
based on light induced plating (LIP) is presented. Nickel is plated from a Nickel Watts electrolyte. The influence of
LIP parameters like the intensity of the incident light and the applied potential to the rear side of the solar cell has
been investigated. After generating the nickel seed layer the contacts were thickened by a cyanide-free silver LIP
step. First promising results were obtained producing industrial solar cells with a cell efficiency of 16.8 %.
Coherence for monoidal $G$-categories and braided $G$-crossed categories
Creators: name: Galindo, César
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a coherence theorem for actions of groups on monoidal categories. As an application we prove coherence for arbitrary braided $G$-crossed categories.
description: 18 pages. Final version
Heat-Resistance of Al:ZnO-Based Transparent Electrodes as Substrates for Molecular Photovoltaic Devices
Creators: name: Guillén, C.
name: Herrero, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 777-780
description: AZO thin films with thickness ranging from 0.2 to 1.1 μm were prepared as single-layer electrodes on
unheated glass substrates, and also combined with 50 nm thick ITO films as bilayer electrodes deposited by
sputtering in the same vacuum chamber. After deposition, the different samples were heated in a tubular furnace
from 150 to 450 ºC in various (inert, oxidizing and reducing) atmospheres. The evolution of the crystalline structure,
electrical resistance and optical transmittance of the various AZO-based electrodes has been analyzed as a function
of the film thickness, temperature and heating atmosphere. The obtained results indicate that the electrical resistance
is the only parameter that degrades with the heating, and such degradation is dependent on the film thickness and the
annealing atmosphere at temperatures above 350 ºC. Nevertheless, two ways have been found effective to achieve a
suitable heat resistance of the transparent electrodes, one is to increase the AZO film thickness above 1.0 μm and the
other allows to use a lower AZO film thickness combined with a very thin ITO layer. With both approaches, the
electrical resistivity remained below 2x10-3 Ωcm and the visible transmittance above 85 % after heating at 450 ºC.
SR-Clustering: Semantic Regularized Clustering for Egocentric Photo Streams Segmentation
Creators: name: Dimiccoli, Mariella
name: Bolaños, Marc
name: Talavera, Estefania
name: Aghaei, Maedeh
name: Nikolov, Stavri G.
name: Radeva, Petia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While wearable cameras are becoming increasingly popular, locating relevant information in large unstructured collections of egocentric images is still a tedious and time consuming processes. This paper addresses the problem of organizing egocentric photo streams acquired by a wearable camera into semantically meaningful segments. First, contextual and semantic information is extracted for each image by employing a Convolutional Neural Networks approach. Later, by integrating language processing, a vocabulary of concepts is defined in a semantic space. Finally, by exploiting the temporal coherence in photo streams, images which share contextual and semantic attributes are grouped together. The resulting temporal segmentation is particularly suited for further analysis, ranging from activity and event recognition to semantic indexing and summarization. Experiments over egocentric sets of nearly 17,000 images, show that the proposed approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables. In Press in Computer Vision and Image Understanding Journal
Efficient Pt/Sn and Pt/In Counter Electrodes for Flexible Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Creators: name: Wu, W.-T.
name: Yang, S.-A.
name: Hsu, C.-M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 788-790
description: In this paper, we use the e-beam evaporation to produce flexible platinum counter-electrodes (CE)
which consist of platinum/indium or platinum/tin bi-layer. Introducing In or Sn underlayer can enhance the adhesion
of Pt to the substrate and promote the surface topography and porosity of CEs. The experimental results show that the
morphology of Pt CE is changed from smooth surface to granular texture when 50-nm-thick underlayer is pre-coated
on the PET (100/sq.). The average surface roughness determined from the measurement of AFM is 3.2 nm and 14.7
nm for Pt single layer and Pt/Sn bi-layer, respectively. Results from electrochemical impedance spectra show that the
presence of underlayer indeed enhances the adhesion of Pt on PET. The charge transfer resistance (RCT) of Pt/In and
Pt/Sn is about 1.2 -1.7 Ω cm2 which is comparable with that of Pt on TCO glass, whereas the RCT of single Pt on PET
is undeterminable due to the instability of Pt on PET. The current–voltage characteristics of DSSC with Pt/Sn
(In)/PET CE reveal a VOC of 0.7- 0.80 V, JSC 9.3 -10.9 mA/cm2, fill factor 0.68-0.78, and cell efficiency 5 –6 %
under AM1.5 illumination at 100 mW/cm2. Performance of DSSC has been improved by approximately 30% when
the platinized CE was coated on 50-nm-thick Sn or In buffer layers.
title: Automatic detection of good and bad usability in web forms using eye-tracking-data
Creators: name: Schmittgen, Andrea
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: usability
subject: eye-tracking
subject: gaze detection
subject: gaze metrics
subject: web form

description: An established method for detecting usability problems is the analysis of user gaze behavior with an eye-tracker. These studies require a significant amount of time and effort to evaluate the data. An automated detection of good and bad usability in recorded user data can support usability experts in eye-tracking evaluation and reduce the effort. In the present work, suitable eye-tracking metrics are presented that correlate with the quality of usability. A quantitative A/B-user-study with eye-tracking was conducted which recorded gaze behavior of 30 subjects filling out a web form. The web form was designed in such a way that each form page was available as a good and bad variant according to known usability guidelines. The results confirm a significant correlation between the eye-tracking metric visits to an AOI and the usability. The eye-tracking metrics number of fixations within an AOI and duration of fixations within an AOI also correlate with the quality of usability. No correlation could be confirmed for the time of first fixation within an AOI.
title: Gamification und die Wahrnehmung von Punkten – Eine Umfragestudie
Creators: name: Mazarakis, Athanasios
name: Bräuer, Paula
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gamification
subject: Punkte
subject: Umfrage
subject: Motivation
subject: Wahrnehmung

description: Punkte zählen zu den am meisten verwendeten Spieldesignelementen im Bereich von Gamification. Allerdings existieren keine Studien dazu, welche konkreten Punktewerte sinnvoll sind und wann zu wenig oder zu viele Punkte vergeben werden könnten. In der vorliegenden Umfragestudie wurden die Daten von 160 Teilnehmenden analysiert, wobei 154 Teilnehmende eingehend untersucht wurden, um die konkrete Fragestellung zu beantworten, wie Punkte wahrgenommen werden. Die Studie führte hierbei zu Erkenntnissen, welche Punktezahlen als angebracht angesehen werden und welche nicht. Insbesondere die Erkenntnis, dass durch einen gegebenen Kontext sich dieWahrnehmung von Punkten stark verändern kann, bildet eine Grundlage für weitere Forschungsmöglichkeiten.
Uncertainty of Field I-V-Curve Measurements in Large Scale PV-Systems
Creators: name: Dirnberger, D.
name: Bartke, J.
name: Steinhüser, A.
name: Kiefer, K.
name: Neuberger, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV System Engineering and Standards, Socio-economic Aspects, and Sustainability

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4587-4594
description: Field I-V curve measurements are an important means of quality assurance. They provide a possibility
to verify the actual module power on a representative sample of modules in the field. The result is “worth money”, so it
is essential that the uncertainty is kept at a minimum. This requires good knowledge of PV measurement principles, even
if measurement equipment is readily available. Operators have to be aware of the influence of environmental conditions
during measurements on the result. We performed a detailed uncertainty analysis in order to improve our procedure and
measurement equipment. With our procedure, which follows the principles of IEC 60904-1 and applies procedure 1 in
IEC 60891, we achieve uncertainties between 2.2% and 5%. This requires traceable primary calibrated measurement
equipment and a thorough determination of temperature coefficients and other needed parameters. The major
contributions to the combined uncertainty of corrected power are discussed in this paper. As it is important that the
performance of thin film technologies can be assessed, we included not only crystalline silicon technologies, but also
CdTe and amorphous silicon technologies in our analysis.
Do spikes persist in a quantum treatment of spacetime singularities?
Creators: name: Czuchry, Ewa
name: Garfinkle, David
name: Klauder, John R.
name: Piechocki, Wlodzimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical approach to spacetime singularities leads to a simplified dynamics in which spatial derivatives become unimportant compared to time derivatives, and thus each spatial point essentially becomes uncoupled from its neighbors. This uncoupled dynamics leads to sharp features (called "spikes") as follows: particular spatial points follow an exceptional dynamical path that differs from that of their neighbors, with the consequence that, in the neighborhood of these exceptional points, the spatial profile becomes ever more sharp. Spikes are consequences of the BKL-type oscillatory evolution towards generic singularities of spacetime. Do spikes persist when the spacetime dynamics is treated using quantum mechanics? To address this question, we treat a Hamiltonian system that describes the dynamics of the approach to the singularity and consider how to quantize that system. We argue that this particular system is best treated using an affine quantization approach (rather than the more familiar methods of canonical quantization) and we set up the formalism needed for this treatment. Our investigation, based on this affine approach, shows the nonexistence of quantum spikes.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures, matches published version in Phys. Rev. D {\bf 95}, 024014 (2017)
Large Scale Thin Film Photovoltaic Laser Scribing Process
Creators: name: Su, J.
name: Tanner, D.
name: Eberspacher, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2479-2481
description: In view of super large-area thin film photovoltaic fabrication, laser scribing process is considered as one of the
most challenging tasks. Most previous papers on large-area laser scribing process were up to 1.5 m2. In this report, laser
scribing process on the size of 5.72m2 (Gen 8.5) photovoltaic modules will be presented. Key process parameters including
the film type and materials, laser optics, and equipment attributes will be revealed in this presentation.
Optimal order quadrature error bounds for infinite-dimensional higher order digital sequences
Creators: name: Goda, Takashi
name: Suzuki, Kosuke
name: Yoshiki, Takehito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) quadrature rules using higher order digital nets and sequences have been shown to achieve the almost optimal rate of convergence of the worst-case error in Sobolev spaces of arbitrary fixed smoothness $α\in \mathbb{N}$, $α\geq 2$. In a recent paper by the authors, it was proved that randomly-digitally-shifted order $2α$ digital nets in prime base $b$ achieve the best possible rate of convergence of the root mean square worst-case error of order $N^{-α}(\log N)^{(s-1)/2}$ for $N=b^m$, where $N$ and $s$ denote the number of points and the dimension, respectively, which implies the existence of an optimal order QMC rule. More recently, the authors provided an explicit construction of such an optimal order QMC rule by using Chen-Skriganov's digital nets in conjunction with Dick's digit interlacing composition. These results were for fixed number of points. In this paper we give a more general result on an explicit construction of optimal order QMC rules for arbitrary fixed smoothness $α\in \mathbb{N}$ including the endpoint case $α=1$. That is, we prove that the projection of any infinite-dimensional order $2α+1$ digital sequence in prime base $b$ onto the first $s$ coordinates achieves the best possible rate of convergence of the worst-case error of order $N^{-α}(\log N)^{(s-1)/2}$ for $N=b^m$. The explicit construction presented in this paper is not only easy to implement but also extensible in both $N$ and $s$.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1601.06501
Study of Rear PECVD Dielectric Stacks for Industrial Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Dupuis, J.
name: Fourmond, E.
name: Mong-The Yen, V.
name: Nichiporuk, O.
name: Greffioz, M.
name: Le Quang, N.
name: Lemiti, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1623-1627
description: In this article, we used 2D simulation to evaluate the influence of the Metal-Insulator-Semiconductor
(MIS) and fixed charge density contained in the dielectric layers which may be used for the passivation of the rear
side of silicon solar cells. Negative fixed charge densities were found in PECVD SiOx:H and SiNx:H dielectrics by
dark-capacitance-voltage measurements, using a new method more adapted to solar cell applications. Next, multicrystalline
silicon solar cells based on the i-PERC process were made with PECVD SiOx:H / SiNx:H stacks of different
thicknesses. I-V characterization showed open-circuit voltage and fill factor degradations for the processed cells
compared to the reference. These degradations were analyzed by spectral response measurements, scanning electron
microscopy and infrared thermography. It was found that the serigraphy paste and the laser impacts on grain boundaries
were responsible for the degradations.
Could the static properties of nuclei be deduced from the dynamics of a single quark?
Creators: name: Kosyakov, B P
name: Popov, E Yu
name: Vronskii, M A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the static properties of a nucleus could arise from a single quark moving in a mean field generated by all other constituents of this nucleus. The resulting model provides a way for determining the nuclear sizes characteristic of the liquid drop model, and reasonably accurate values of magnetic moments of different nuclei with the aid of two parameters $α_s$ and $σ$ appearing in the Cornell potential intended for use in quarkonium physics.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures; v2: published version, the title is somewhat changed, several conceptual clarifications are added
Plasma Modelling and Diagnostics for the Prediction of Structural Changes in Silicon Thin Film Deposition
Creators: name: Amanatides, E.
name: Feltrin, A.
name: Bugnon, G.
name: Sculati-Meillaud, F.
name: Ballif, C.
name: Mataras, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2475-2478
description: In the present work, we apply a 2D self consistent model of SiH4/H2 discharges in order to investigate the transition from microcrystalline to amorphous silicon growth. The model is used to examine the relative importance of ions and atomic hydrogen in the film growth process. This examination also involves monitoring the changes that take place in the electrical properties of the plasma, the gas phase as well as the surface chemistry near the transition between the two growth regimes. Based on these results, the discussion is extended to the mechanism of a-Si:H to μc-Si:H growth transition and the use of plasma diagnostics that can be used to monitor this transition.
title: Enabling Informational Autonomy through Explanation of Content Moderation: UI Design for Hate Speech Detection
Creators: name: Sontheimer, Lukas
name: Schäfer, Johannes
name: Mandl, Thomas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: -

description: Content moderation using AI and in particular Hate Speech detection has been a research topic with a focus on natural language processing, classification algorithms and data benchmarks. Less attention has been dedicated to how the classification systems are later integrated into tools which support users in an application task. In this paper we review existing tools and prototypes. Furthermore, we design and implement an online user interface for explainability. The system is connected to a neural network classifier based on the HASOC benchmark. The interface allows users to enter messages, observe classification decisions and see similar messages for explanation. It provides support for users of social media who are interested in the performance of AI systems for content moderation and who want to observe the performance of hate speech detection tools. A qualitative evaluation with experts showed that our system can be helpful to bridge the gap between humans and AI.
title: Human in the loop information extraction increases efficiency and trust
Creators: name: Schleith, Johannes
name: Hoffmann, Hella
name: Norkute, Milda
name: Cechmanek, Brian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Extraction
subject: Human In The Loop
subject: Human Centered AI

description: Automation is often focused on data-centred measures of success, such as accuracy of the automation or efficiency gain of individual automated steps. This case study shows how a human-assisted information extraction system, that keeps the human in the loop throughout the creation of information extraction rules and their application, can outperform less transparent information extraction systems in terms of overall end-to-end time-on-task and perceived trust. We argue that the time gained through automation can be wiped out by the perceived need of end users to review and comprehend results, where the systems seem obscure to them.
Use of Liquid Precursor TMS for Deposition of Antireflective and Passivating a-SiC(N):H Thin Films with Low Pressure/Low Frequency PECVD
Creators: name: Cojocaru, A.
name: Quoizola, S.
name: Larrieu, J.
name: Soum-Glaude, A.
name: Massines, F.
name: Thomas, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1617-1622
description: Hydrogenated silicon carbide and silicon carbide nitride are widely studied for their good antireflective
and passivating properties on both p-type and n-type crystalline silicon-based solar cells. Such materials are mainly
prepared by PECVD processes using silane-hydrocarbon mixtures such as SiH4/CH4. We report the use of
tetramethylsilane (TMS), a friendly-use and chemically stable liquid precursor, as a possible alternative to the wellknown
dangerous and pyrophoric silane. The first aim of this work is to show the feasibility of TMS to obtain
thermally stable thin layers with good antireflective properties for industrial photovoltaic applications. Deposition
rate and optical properties of the films are determined by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Results are discussed as a
function of the plasma composition and parameters and are correlated to the layer composition determined by FTIR
spectroscopy. The surface passivation quality on crystalline FZ silicon wafers is determined by the quasi steady-state
photoconductance decay (QSSPC) technique. The process leads to the deposition of homogeneous, adhesive and
thermally stable layers with high growth rate (up to 70 nm/mn) and a wide range of optical index (1.6 – 2.8).
However, the films do not present good passivation properties. Further understanding and optimisation is necessary.
Challenges and Opportunities in Quantum Machine Learning
Creators: name: Cerezo, M.
name: Verdon, Guillaume
name: Huang, Hsin-Yuan
name: Cincio, Lukasz
name: Coles, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: At the intersection of machine learning and quantum computing, Quantum Machine Learning (QML) has the potential of accelerating data analysis, especially for quantum data, with applications for quantum materials, biochemistry, and high-energy physics. Nevertheless, challenges remain regarding the trainability of QML models. Here we review current methods and applications for QML. We highlight differences between quantum and classical machine learning, with a focus on quantum neural networks and quantum deep learning. Finally, we discuss opportunities for quantum advantage with QML.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
title: The Notion of Relevance in Cybersecurity: A Categorization of Security Tools and Deduction of Relevance Notions
Creators: name: Kuehn, Philipp
name: Bäumler, Julian
name: Kaufhold, Marc-André
name: Wendelborn, Marc
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cybersecurity
subject: relevance assessment
subject: tool categorization
subject: usability
subject: human-computer interaction

description: Proper cybersecurity requires timely information to defend the IT infrastructure. In a dynamic field like cybersecurity, gathering up-to-date information is usually a manual, time-consuming, and exhaustive task. Automatic and usable approaches are supposed to be a solution to this problem, but for this, they require a notion of information relevance to distinguish relevant from irrelevant information. First, on the basis of a literature review, this paper proposes a novel cybersecurity tool categorization based on corresponding tool types with their respective definitions and core features. Second, it elaborates information used in each category and deduces notions of relevance. Third, it outlines how these findings informed the design of a security dashboard to guide computer emergency response team staff in identifying current threats in open source intelligence sources while mitigating information overload.
Power Analysis of the AFD in Anti-Islanding Method
Creators: name: Lee, K.O.
name: Hwang, H.M.
name: Choi, J.Y.
name: Choy, I.
name: Yu, G.-J.
name: Kim, H.I.
name: Kim, K.S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV System Engineering and Standards, Socio-economic Aspects, and Sustainability

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4610-4613
description: As the grid-connected photovoltaic power conditioning systems(PVPCS) are installed in many
residential areas, these have raised potential problems of network protection on electrical power system. One of the
numerous problems is an Islanding phenomenon. In this paper, active frequency drift(AFD) method analyzed by
current magnitude compensation and calculation of RMS value of the output power. And the simulation results and
experimental results are verified.