cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Georges Cuvier e a evolução de suas ideias uma comparação (Variorum) entre o Discurso Preliminar (Recherches sur les ossemens fossiles) de 1812 e o Discurso sobre as revoluções sobre a superfície do Globo de 1825 (2020)
Creators: name: Scientia, Vita
name: Faria, F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220206 History and Philosophy of Science (incl. Non-historical Philosophy of Science)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Paleontology

description: As ideias, hipóteses, métodos, teoria, e o programa de pesquisas de Georges Cuvier (1769-1832) para toda a História Natural encontram-se reunidos em seus discursos publicados em 1812 e 1825. Dirigido não somente à comunidade acadêmico-científica mas também ao grande público, estes discursos objetivavam apresentar o poder heurístico de suas propostas téoricas e metodológicas, demonstrado pelo imenso avanço que os naturalistas que trabalhavam cumprindo a agenda cuvieriana, iam obtendo com seus estudos. Apesar do pequeno intervalo de tempo entre as duas publicações, é possível constatar alterações resultantes do acúmulo de dados produzidos pelos naturalistas, assim como a manutenção e ratificação de várias ideias expostas no primeiro texto. Tais alterações, manutenções e ratificações foram comparadas e analisadas neste trabalho, levando à conclusão de que é necessária uma interpretação mais cuidadosa dos textos de Cuvier, no sentido de evitar erros historiográficos sobre sua obra, muito frequentes em estudos de História da Ciência. Palavras-chave: Cuvier; História Natural; Anatomia Comparada; Fósseis; Paleontologia.
Breve história da Paleontologia, seus personagens no Brasil da Pré-Colônia aos Oitocentos e sua consolidação no Museu Nacional/UFRJ (2020)
Creators: name: Scientia, Vita
name: Fernandes, A. C. S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Paleontology
subject: 220206 History and Philosophy of Science (incl. Non-historical Philosophy of Science)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Ao contrário do que se imaginava na literatura paleontológica brasileira, as primeiras coletas de fósseis no Brasil ocorreram no período de 400 a 200 anos antes do Descobrimento pelos portugueses. Longe de ter uma finalidade científica, foram coletados por indígenas da Amazônia e seu registro em urnas funerárias no Amapá permitiu a comprovação de longos deslocamentos dos índios da região. Registros documentados datam, porém, somente a partir das últimas décadas do século XVIII relatando a coleta de ossos gigantescos em lavras destinadas à procura de ouro em Minas Gerais, em poços no sertão nordestino ou escavações na Chapada do Araripe, remetidos em parte à Lisboa. Nos oitocentos, esse quadro mudou com as explorações dos naturalistas viajantes e das grandes expedições estrangeiras, culminando com as atividades da Comissão do Império, que coletaram e permitiram o conhecimento científico dos fósseis oriundos das regiões por elas exploradas. Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma síntese atualizada do conhecimento disponível sobre essas atividades, ressaltando o papel do Museu Nacional e a atuação de seus naturalistas nas pesquisas e guarda de importante acervo paleontológico brasileiro desde a sua fundação até o final do século XIX.
XMM-Newton spectral properties of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy IRAS 13224--3809
Creators: name: Boller, Th.
name: Tanaka, Y.
name: Fabian, A.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Gallo, L.
name: Anabuki, N.
name: Haba, Y.
name: Vaughan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first XMM-Newton observation of the highly X-ray variable, radio-quiet, Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy IRAS 13224-3809 obtained during the guaranteed time programme with a 64 ks exposure. The most remarkable spectral feature is a sharp drop, by a factor ~5, in the spectrum at 8 keV. This is a similar, but stronger, feature to that which we found in 1H0707-495. Significant flattening of the hard X-ray spectrum occurs when the source flux decreases. The flattening of the spectrum can be modelled as an increase in the column density of the absorbing material and/or its covering fraction. Below ~ 1.5 keV the spectrum is dominated by a giant soft X-ray excess, and at around ~ 1.2 keV there is a significant absorption feature detected, most probably due to ionized Fe L absorption. The new X-ray spectral properties detected with XMM-Newton in IRAS 13224-3809 support a partial covering interpretation, i.e. the presence of dense material inside the accretion-disc region partially obscuring the emission from the accretion disc. However, the sharpness of the feature, if due to photoelectric absorption, is surprising and may require an alternative explanation. One possibility which does fit the whole spectrum is that it is dominated by ionized reflection rather than absorption. The unusual spectral properties detected with XMM-Newton from Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies increase the known spectral complexity of active galactic nuclei and should further stimulate a combined theoretical and observational effort to achieve a better understanding of the physics of the innermost regions of AGN.
description: 5 pages including 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Hipotireoidismo subclínico gestacional não afeta a emocionalidade nem a sociabilidade da prole de ratos. (2020)
Creators: name: Scientia, Vita
name: Ramos, F.O.
name: Ribeiro, M.O.
name: Cysneiros, R.M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60806 Animal Physiological Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60603 Animal Physiology - Systems
subject: Physiology

description: O hipotireoidismo gestacional produz alterações irreversíveis do cérebro em desenvolvimento. Existem poucas informações sobre o hipotireoidismo subclínico gestacional no desenvolvimento da prole. Investigamos o repertório comportamental de ratos machos submetidos ao hipotireoidismo subclínico gestacional. Ratas Wistar prenhes foram aleatoriamente divididas em dois grupos; o controle recebeu água de potável e o experimental recebeu propiltiouracil 1mg/L na água de beber a partir do 60 dia da gestação. Os filhotes machos foram divididos em grupo controle (n=18) e grupo subclínico (n=23). Os testes comportamentais foram realizados a partir PN60. No teste de sociabilidade, ambos os grupos passaram mais tempo com um rato desconhecido do que com o objeto e apresentaram mais contatos de focinho em direção ao rato não familiar do que o familiar, sugerindo que a sociabilidade foi preservada. No labirinto em cruz elevado, nenhuma diferença entre os grupos foi observada para o número head dippings, número de entradas e tempo nos braços abertos e para o total de entradas em ambos os braços. No campo aberto, nenhuma diferença foi observada para a locomoção, e um decréscimo foi observado na 2ª exposição, indicando que houve habituação ao ambiente. Os resultados sugerem que o hipotireoidismo subclínico gestacional não altera o comportamento geral da prole de ratos Wistar machos.
Third method for generation of spectral holes in chiral sculptured thin films
Creators: name: Wang, Fei
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The introduction of either a central layer defect or a central twist defect in a periodic structurally chiral material generates circular-polarization-sensitive spectral holes in the remittance spectrums for normally incident plane waves. We propose and theoretically establish here the third method to generate such spectral holes using two-section chiral sculptured thin films (STFs). Both sections of the proposed device have the same periodicity and handedness, but their dielectric properties are different and related in a specific way. The concept of pseudoisotropy is highly relevant for the production of the proposed device.
MOESM1 of The difference in sleep, sedentary behaviour, and physical activity between older adults with ‘healthy’ and ‘unhealthy’ cardiometabolic profiles: a cross-sectional compositional data analysis approach
Creators: name: Ryan, Declan
name: Jorgen Wullems
name: Stebbings, Georgina
name: Morse, Christopher
name: Stewart, Claire
name: Onambele-Pearson, Gladys
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Sleep, Sedentary Behaviour, and Physical Activity Co-dependence.
title: Monetary Shocks in the G-6 Countries: Is There a Puzzle?
Creators: name: Fung, Ben S.C.
name: Kasumovich, Marcel
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 1997

description: This paper attempts to reduce the uncertainty about the dynamics of the monetary transmission mechanism. Central to this attempt is the identification of monetary policy shocks. Recently, VAR approaches that use over-identifying restrictions have shown success in isolating such shocks. This paper examines monetary shocks identified by long-run cointegration restrictions and the assumption of long-run money neutrality in exactly identified VAR models across six industrialized countries. The short-run dynamics corresponding to a monetary shock can be interpreted as a monetary policy shock. The results suggest that the stock of money has an active role in the transmission mechanism.
description: Les auteurs cherchent à clarifier la dynamique du mécanisme de transmission de la politique monétaire. L'identification des chocs de politique monétaire est au coeur de ce genre d'analyse. Divers chercheurs ont réussi récemment à isoler de tels chocs en imposant des restrictions de suridentification à des modèles vectoriels autorégressifs (VAR). Les auteurs de l'étude adoptent une démarche différente pour examiner les chocs monétaires survenus dans six pays industrialisés : afin d'isoler ces chocs, ils imposent des restrictions de cointégration à long terme à des modèles VAR et postulent que la monnaie est neutre en longue période. Selon les résultats qu'ils obtiennent, la dynamique à court terme qui caractérise un choc monétaire peut être interprétée comme un choc de politique monétaire. Le stock de monnaie serait par conséquent un rouage important du mécanisme de transmission de la politique monétaire.
Avaliação da água e do solo em comunidade de zona rural com implantação de biossistemas integrados (BSI) como estratégia de saneamento (Ibiúna, SP–Brasil)) (2020)
Creators: name: Scientia, Vita
name: Santiago, G.S.
name: Rosario, R.P.G.
name: Ramos, C.S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Parasitology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 90410 Water Treatment Processes
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: A presença de enteroparasitas no meio ambiente constitui um problema de saúde pública e está intimamente relacionada às condições precárias de saneamento, moradia e qualidade de vida. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar possíveis riscos de contaminação em uma população rural do bairro Carmo Messias, localizado no município de Ibiúna - São Paulo. Nos últimos anos, o sistema de saneamento do bairro tem sido estruturado com biossistemas integrados (BSI), por projetos de organizações não governamentais. Sendo assim, foram coletadas amostras de água e de solo em sete propriedades rurais, para avaliação de contaminação ambiental por protozoários e helmintos pelas técnicas de centrífugo-sedimentação, centrífugo-flutuação e filtração de membranas. Foram coletadas amostras de água bruta, água dos poços de captação, do rio e água filtrada, totalizando 24 amostras de água, as quais foram todas negativas para cistos de protozoários e ovos de helmintos. As amostras do solo foram obtidas por raspagem superficial no peridomicílio e em áreas de horticultura. Foram identificados ovos de Ascaris, tenídeos e ancilostomídeos em 22% das amostras de solo, todas em residências sem biodigestores em funcionamento. Tais resultados indicam contaminação ambiental por esgoto doméstico e evidenciam a deficiência no tratamento de esgoto no bairro Carmo Messias.
Swimming at Low Reynolds Number
Creators: name: Berti, Luca
name: Giraldi, Laetitia
name: Prud'Homme, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the swimming problem at low Reynolds number. This regime, which is typically used for micro-swimmers, is described by Stokes equations. We couple a PDE solver of Stokes equations, derived from the Feel++ finite elements library, to a quaternion-based rigid-body solver. We validate our numerical results both on a 2D exact solution and on an exact solution for a rotating rigid body respectively. Finally, we apply them to simulate the motion of a one-hinged swimmer, which obeys to the scallop theorem.
Lifted Bayesian filtering in multi-entity systems
Creators: name: Lüdtke, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 004 Data processing Computer sciences

description: This thesis focuses on Bayesian filtering for systems that consist of multiple, interacting entites (e.g. agents or objects), which can naturally be described by Multiset Rewriting Systems (MRSs). The main insight is that the state space that is underling an MRS exhibits a certain symmetry, which can be exploited to increase inference efficiency. We provide an efficient, lifted filtering algorithm, which is able to achieve a factorial reduction in space and time complexity, compared to conventional, ground filtering.
Skyrmion Crystal and Phase Transition in Magneto-Ferroelectric Superlattices: Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction in a Frustrated $J_1-J_2$ Model
Creators: name: Sharafullin, Ildus F.
name: Diep, H. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of a skyrmion crystal and its phase transition are studied taking into account the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction at the interface between a ferroelectric layer and a magnetic layer in a superlattice. The frustration is introduced in both magnetic and ferroelectric films. The films have the simple cubic lattice structure. Spins inside magnetic layers are Heisenberg spins interacting with each other via nearest-neighbor (NN) exchange $J^m$ and next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) exchange $J^{2m}$. Polarizations in the ferroelectric layers are assumed to be of Ising type with NN and NNN interactions $J^f$ and $J^{2f}$. At the magnetoelectric interface, a DM interaction $J^{mf}$ between spins and polarizations is supposed. The spin configuration in the ground state is calculated by the steepest descent method. In an applied magnetic field $\mathbf H$ perpendicular to the layers, we show that the formation of skyrmions at the magnetoelectric interface is strongly enhanced by the frustration brought about by the NNN antiferromagnetic interactions $J^{2m}$ and $J^{2f}$. Various physical quantities at finite temperatures are obtained by Monte Carlo simulations. We show the critical temperature, the order parameters of magnetic and ferroelectric layers as functions of the interface DM coupling, the applied magnetic field and $J^{2m}$ and $J^{2f}$. The phase transition to the disordered phase is studied in details.\\ Keywords: kyrmions; phase transition; frustration; superlattice; magneto-ferroelectric coupling; Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction; $J_1-J_2$ model; Monte Carlo simulation.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, published in Symmetry 2020, 12, 26; doi:10.3390/sym12010026
Noncommutative Inflation and the CMB Multipoles
Creators: name: Huang, Qing-Guo
name: Li, Miao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first year results of WMAP tentatively indicate running of the spectral index as well as a deficit of power in the low multipoles in the CMB spectrum. The former can be rather easily understood in the noncommutative inflation model, and the latter, as we shall show in this paper, still appears to be an anomaly, even though the noncommutative inflation model already suppresses the low multipoles to a certain degree. By fitting the power spectrum, we determine the string scale to be $l_s\sim 4\times 10^{-29}$cm.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, harvmac; v2: references added
Avaliação da água e do solo em comunidade de zona rural com implantação de biossistemas integrados (BSI) como estratégia de saneamento (Ibiúna, SP–Brasil)) (2020)
Creators: name: Santiago, G.S.
name: Rosario, R.P.G.
name: Ramos, C.S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Parasitology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 90410 Water Treatment Processes
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: A presença de enteroparasitas no meio ambiente constitui um problema de saúde pública e está intimamente relacionada às condições precárias de saneamento, moradia e qualidade de vida. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar possíveis riscos de contaminação em uma população rural do bairro Carmo Messias, localizado no município de Ibiúna - São Paulo. Nos últimos anos, o sistema de saneamento do bairro tem sido estruturado com biossistemas integrados (BSI), por projetos de organizações não governamentais. Sendo assim, foram coletadas amostras de água e de solo em sete propriedades rurais, para avaliação de contaminação ambiental por protozoários e helmintos pelas técnicas de centrífugo-sedimentação, centrífugo-flutuação e filtração de membranas. Foram coletadas amostras de água bruta, água dos poços de captação, do rio e água filtrada, totalizando 24 amostras de água, as quais foram todas negativas para cistos de protozoários e ovos de helmintos. As amostras do solo foram obtidas por raspagem superficial no peridomicílio e em áreas de horticultura. Foram identificados ovos de Ascaris, tenídeos e ancilostomídeos em 22% das amostras de solo, todas em residências sem biodigestores em funcionamento. Tais resultados indicam contaminação ambiental por esgoto doméstico e evidenciam a deficiência no tratamento de esgoto no bairro Carmo Messias.
Generating Reliable Friends via Adversarial Training to Improve Social Recommendation
Creators: name: Yu, Junliang
name: Gao, Min
name: Yin, Hongzhi
name: Li, Jundong
name: Gao, Chongming
name: Wang, Qinyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most of the recent studies of social recommendation assume that people share similar preferences with their friends and the online social relations are helpful in improving traditional recommender systems. However, this assumption is often untenable as the online social networks are quite sparse and a majority of users only have a small number of friends. Besides, explicit friends may not share similar interests because of the randomness in the process of building social networks. Therefore, discovering a number of reliable friends for each user plays an important role in advancing social recommendation. Unlike other studies which focus on extracting valuable explicit social links, our work pays attention to identifying reliable friends in both the observed and unobserved social networks. Concretely, in this paper, we propose an end-to-end social recommendation framework based on Generative Adversarial Nets (GAN). The framework is composed of two blocks: a generator that is used to produce friends that can possibly enhance the social recommendation model, and a discriminator that is responsible for assessing these generated friends and ranking the items according to both the current user and her friends' preferences. With the competition between the generator and the discriminator, our framework can dynamically and adaptively generate reliable friends who can perfectly predict the current user' preference at a specific time. As a result, the sparsity and unreliability problems of explicit social relations can be mitigated and the social recommendation performance is significantly improved. Experimental studies on real-world datasets demonstrate the superiority of our framework and verify the positive effects of the generated reliable friends.
title: S. Asterii Amaseae episcopi homiliae. [Eiusdem in eumdem quintum Psalmum- aliter. Oratio tertia]- 2.
Creators: name: :Unkn
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022

description: created: -
Thermoelectric effect in molecular electronics
Creators: name: Paulsson, M.
name: Datta, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a theoretical estimate of the thermoelectric current and voltage over a Phenyldithiol molecule. We also show that the thermoelectric voltage is (1) easy to analyze, (2) insensitive to the detailed coupling to the contacts, (3) large enough to be measured and (4) give valuable information, which is not readily accessible through other experiments, on the location of the Fermi energy relative to the molecular levels. The location of the Fermi-energy is poorly understood and controversial even though it is a central factor in determining the nature of conduction (n- or p-type). We also note that the thermoelectric voltage measured over Guanine molecules with an STM by Poler et al., indicate conduction through the HOMO level, i.e., p-type conduction.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
MOESM1 of Self-reported data in environmental health studies: mail vs. web-based surveys
Creators: name: Cantuaria, Manuella
name: Blanes-Vidal, Victoria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Translated version of the questionnaire used in this study.
MOESM3 of ClC transporter activity modulates histidine catabolism in Lactobacillus reuteri by altering intracellular pH and membrane potential
Creators: name: Hall, Anne
name: Engevik, Melinda
name: Oezguen, Numan
name: Haag, Anthony
name: Versalovic, James
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Description of bacterial strains used in this study. Table S2. A Buffer composition: variable pH histamine production assay (Fig. 1a). B Buffer composition: variable Cl− histamine production assay (Fig. 1b). Table S3. Description of genes and genomes used in in silico alignments in this study. Table S4. DNA oligonucleotides used in this study for mutagenesis. Table S5. Primers used in this study for screening and quantitative PCR. Table S6. Composition of non-commercial buffers used in the intracellular pH assay. Table S7. Composition of non-commercial buffers used in the membrane potential assay.
MOESM1 of Retraining automatic action tendencies for smoking using mobile phone-based approach-avoidance bias training: A study protocol for a randomized controlled study
Creators: name: Machulska, Alla
name: Kleinke, Kristian
name: Eiler, Tanja
name: Grünewald, Armin
name: Brück, Rainer
name: Jahn, Katharina
name: Niehaves, Björn
name: Gethmann, Carl
name: Klucken, Tim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*.
The consequences of parity symmetry for higher-order statistics of cosmic shear and other polar fields
Creators: name: Schneider, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the parity transformation and the consequences of parity invariance on the $n$-point correlation function of the cosmic shear, or any other polar (or `spin-2') field. The decomposition of the shear field into E- and B-modes then yields the result that any correlation function which contains an odd number of B-mode shear components vanishes for parity-invariant random shear fields. This result is at variance with some statements in the literature, and the reasons for this is explained. We argue that the parity invariance provides a very specific diagnostic of systematic effects in shear data.
description: 6 pages, no figures, minor changes to match the paper published in Astronomy & Astrophysics 408, 829--834
Coupled surface polaritons and the Casimir force
Creators: name: Henkel, Carsten
name: Joulain, Karl
name: Mulet, Jean-Philippe
name: Greffet, Jean-Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Casimir force between metallic plates made of realistic materials is evaluated for distances in the nanometer range. A spectrum over real frequencies is introduced and shows narrow peaks due to surface resonances (plasmon polaritons or phonon polaritons) that are coupled across the vacuum gap. We demonstrate that the Casimir force originates from the attraction (repulsion) due to the corresponding symmetric (antisymmetric) eigenmodes, respectively. This picture is used to derive a simple analytical estimate of the Casimir force at short distances. We recover the result known for Drude metals without absorption and compute the correction for weakly absorbing materials.
description: revised version submitted to Phys. Rev. A, 06 November 2003
title: Implementation of Monetary Policy in a Regime with Zero Reserve Requirements
Creators: name: Clinton, Kevin
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 1997

description: Monetary policy can be implemented effectively without reserve requirements as long as cost incentives ensure a predictable demand for settlement balances. A central bank can then achieve the level of short-term interest rates that it desires, using market-oriented instruments only. In Canada, the framework provided by rules on interbank payments settlement and by the costs of deficits and surpluses on settlement accounts provides a strong incentive for the banks and other clearing institutions to target zero balances. Reforms of this framework, to follow the introduction of the Large-Value Transfer System, will ensure its continued effectiveness and make it more transparent. An appendix outlines the process by which reserve requirements were phased out in Canada.
description: La politique monétaire peut être mise en oeuvre avec efficacité dans un système libre de réserves obligatoires à la condition que des incitations financières rendent prévisible la demande d'encaisses de règlement. Si cette condition est respectée, la banque centrale est en mesure d'amener les taux d'intérêt à court terme au niveau souhaité au moyen uniquement d'instruments axés sur le marché. Au Canada, le cadre défini par les règles relatives au règlement des paiements interbancaires et par les coûts associés aux découverts ou aux excédents qu'enregistrent les comptes de règlement incite fortement les banques et les autres institutions participant à la compensation à viser un solde nul. Dès la mise en service du Système de transfert de paiements de grande valeur, ce cadre sera redéfini afin de préserver son efficacité et de le rendre plus transparent. L'auteur expose en annexe les diverses étapes de l'élimination progressive des réserves obligatoires au Canada.
Sensitivity of the Rayleigh criterion in thermoacoustics
Creators: name: Magri, Luca
name: Juniper, Matthew P.
name: Moeck, Jonas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoacoustic instabilities are one of the most challenging problems faced by gas turbine and rocket motor manufacturers. The key instability mechanism is described by the {\it Rayleigh criterion}. The Rayleigh criterion does not directly show how to alter a system to make it more stable. This is the objective of sensitivity analysis. Because thermoacoustic systems have many design parameters, adjoint sensitivity analysis has been proposed to obtain all the sensitivities with one extra calculation. Although adjoint sensitivity analysis can be carried out in both the time and the frequency domain, the frequency domain is more natural for a linear analysis. Perhaps surprisingly, the Rayleigh criterion has not yet been rigorously derived and comprehensively interpreted in the frequency domain. The contribution of this theoretical paper is threefold. First, the Rayleigh criterion is interpreted in the frequency domain with integral formulae for the complex eigenvalue. Second, the first variation of the Rayleigh criterion is calculated both in the time and frequency domain, both with and without Lagrange multipliers (adjoint variables). The Lagrange multipliers are physically related to the system's observables. Third, an adjoint Rayleigh criterion is proposed. The paper also points out that the conclusions of {\it Juniper, M. P. (2018), Phys. Rev. Fluids, vol. 3, 110509} apply to the first variation of the Rayleigh criterion, not to the Rayleigh criterion itself. The mathematical relations of this paper can be used to compute sensitivities directly from measurable quantities to enable optimal design.
description: 11 pages, 0 figures
Anomalous statistical properties of the critical current distribution in superconductor containing fractal clusters of a normal phase
Creators: name: Kuzmin, Yuriy I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical properties of the critical current distribution in superconductor with fractal clusters of a normal phase are considered. It is found that there is the range of fractal dimensions in which the variance and expectation for this distribution increases infinitely. Simple technique of avoiding such a divergence by the use of truncated distributions is proposed. It is suggested that the most current-carrying capability of a superconductor can be achieved by modifying the cluster area distribution in such a way that the regime of giant variance of critical currents will be realized.
description: 11 pages with 6 figures
Las Campanas Loose Groups in the Supercluster-Void Network
Creators: name: Einasto, M.
name: Jaaniste, J.
name: Einasto, J.
name: Heinämäki, P.
name: Müller, V.
name: Tucker, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spatial distribution of loose groups from the Las Campanas Redshift Survey, comparing it with the supercluster-void network delineated by rich clusters of galaxies. We use density fields and the friends-of-friends algorithm to identify the members of superclusters of Abell clusters among the Las Campanas loose groups. We find that systems of loose groups tend to be oriented perpendicularly to the line-of-sight, and discuss possible reasons for that. We show that loose groups in richer systems (superclusters of Abell clusters) are themselves also richer and more massive than groups in systems without Abell clusters. Our results indicate that superclusters, as high density environments, have a major role in the formation and evolution of galaxy systems.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Large topological Hall effect in a geometrically frustrated kagome magnet Fe$_3$Sn$_2$
Creators: name: Li, Hang
name: Ding, Bei
name: Chen, Jie
name: Li, Zefang
name: Hou, Zhipeng
name: Liu, Enke
name: Zhang, Hongwei
name: Xi, Xuekui
name: Wu, Guangheng
name: Wang, Wenhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of a large topological Hall effect (THE) over a wide temperature region in a geometrically frustrated Fe3Sn2 magnet with a kagome-bilayer structure. We found that the magnitude of the THE resistivity increases with temperature and reaches -0.875 μΩ.cm at 380 K. Moreover, the critical magnetic fields with the change of THE are consistent with the magnetic structure transformation, which indicates that the real-space fictitious magnetic field is proportional to the formation of magnetic skyrmions in Fe3Sn2. The results strongly suggest that the large THE originates from the topological magnetic spin textures and may open up further research opportunities in exploring emergent phenomena in kagome materials.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures and Supplementary materials
Brasil, País do Samba e Tesouro dos Naturalistas – Revisitando Lucy L. Hartt (2020)
Creators: name: Scientia, Vita
name: Stefano, W.
name: Salgado, L
name: Beloti, S.M.
name: Gordon, V.N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220206 History and Philosophy of Science (incl. Non-historical Philosophy of Science)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Observando um passado remoto é notório o fato de que os homens participaram no desenvolvimento da pesquisa científica, obtendo seus devidos reconhecimentos. Em contrapartida, pouco é testemunhado sobre as mulheres, principalmente em período longevo, como no século XIX. Por essa razão, o objetivo dessa pesquisa é apresentar uma notável mulher, que mesmo em uma época dominada pelo patriarcado, não só trouxe memorável contribuição para a ciência, mas também, inspirou decerto, outras mulheres na ciência e educação.
Weak phases from topological-amplitude parametrization
Creators: name: Charng, Yeo-Yie
name: Li, Hsiang-nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a parametrization for two-body nonleptonic $B$ meson decays, in which the various topologies of amplitudes are counted in terms of powers of the Wolfenstein parameter $λ\sim 0.22$. The weak phases and the amplitudes are determined by comparing this parametrization with available measurements. It is possible to obtain the phase $ϕ_3$ from the $B\to Kπ$ data up to theoretical uncertainty of $O(λ^3)\sim 1%$. The recently measured $B_d^0\toπ^0π^0$ branching ratio implies a large color-suppressed or penguin amplitude, and that the extraction of the phase $ϕ_2$ from the $B\toππ$ data may suffer theoretical uncertainty more than the expected one of $O(λ^2)\sim 5%$.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
MOESM1 of Evaluation of serum iron overload, AST:ALT ratio and log10ferritin:AST ratio among schizophrenia patients in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana: a caseâ€“control study
Creators: name: W. Owiredu
name: Brenya, Peter
name: Yaw Osei
name: Laing, Edwin
name: Okrah, Clement
name: Obirikorang, Christian
name: Anto, Enoch
name: Acheampong, Emmanuel
name: Sampson Donkor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Partial Pearson correlation between Iron markers and liver function markers among study participants.
Specific Heat of URu$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ in Fields to 42 T: Clues to the 'Hidden Order'
Creators: name: Kim, J. S.
name: Hall, D.
name: Kumar, P.
name: Stewart, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large $Δ$C observed at 17.5 K in URu$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ is inconsistent with the small, 0.04 $μ_{B}$ moment measured for the antiferromagnetism observed starting (perhaps coincidentally) at the same temperature. We report measurements of this specific heat transition, thought to be due to some 'hidden order', in magnetic fields between 24 and 42 T, i. e. through the field region where three metamagnetic transtions are known to occur at 35.8, 37.3, and 39.4 T. The response of $Δ$C in single crystal URu$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ to magnetic field, which includes a change to $Δ$C being possibly associated with a first order phase transition for high fields, is analyzed to shed further light on the possible explanations of this unknown ordering process. At fields above 35 T, a new high field phase comes into being; the connection between this high field phase revealed by the specific heat and earlier magnetization data is discussed.
The odd-dimensional Goldberg Conjecture
Creators: name: Apostolov, Vestislav
name: Draghici, Tedi
name: Moroianu, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53C26

description: An odd-dimensional version of the Goldberg conjecture was formulated and proved by Boyer and Galicki, using an orbifold analogue of Sekigawa's formulas, and an approximation argument of K-contact structures with quasi-regular ones. We provide here another proof of this result and give some applications.
description: An application to the main result added
Ferromagnetic/superconducting proximity effect in La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 / YBa2Cu3O7 superlattices
Creators: name: Sefrioui, Z.
name: Arias, D
name: Pena, V.
name: Villegas, J. E.
name: Varela, M.
name: Prieto, P.
name: Leon, C.
name: Martinez, J. L.
name: Santamaria, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between magnetism and superconductivity in high quality YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) / La0.7Ca0.3MnO3(LCMO)superlattices. We find evidence for the YBCO superconductivity depression in presence of the LCMO layers. We show that due to its short coherence length superconductivity survives in the YBCO down to much smaller thickness in presence of the magnetic layer than in low Tc superconductors. We also find that for a fixed thickness of the superconducting layer, superconductivity is depressed over a thickness interval of the magnetic layer in the 100 nm range. This is a much longer length scale than that predicted by the theory of ferromagnetic/superconducting proximity effect.
description: 10 pages + 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
title: Liquidity Effects and Market Frictions
Creators: name: Hendry, Scott
name: Zhang, Guang-Jia
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 1998

description: The goal of this paper is to shed light on the nature of the monetary transmission mechanism. Specifically, we attempt to tackle two problems in standard limited-participation models: (1) the interest rate liquidity effect is not as persistent as in the data; and (2) some nominal variables are unrealistically volatile. To address these problems, we introduce nominal wage and price rigidities, as well as portfolio adjustment costs and monopolistically competitive firms, to better understand how each of these costs affects the size and length of the liquidity effect following a central-bank policy action. Quantitative analysis shows that including these rigidities does improve the model, to some extent at least, in the expected manner. The main findings are: (1) wage and portfolio adjustment costs are able to deepen and lengthen the liquidity effect following a monetary policy action; (2) these two adjustment costs, especially wage adjustment costs, can reduce inflation volatility; (3) price adjustment costs, at least under money-growth policy rules, cause excessive interest-rate volatility and are unable to significantly reduce inflation volatility.
description: L'étude cherche à clarifier la nature du mécanisme de transmission de la politique monétaire. Les auteurs s'attachent plus précisément à deux problèmes que posent les modèles traditionnels à « participation limitée » : 1) le fait que l'effet de liquidité sur les taux d'intérêt soit moins persistant dans ces modèles que selon les données; 2) le degré irréaliste de volatilité de certaines variables nominales. Afin de résoudre ces deux problèmes, les auteurs postulent la rigidité des salaires et des prix nominaux, ainsi que l'existence de coûts d'ajustement des portefeuilles et d'un cadre de concurrence monopolistique; leur objectif est de comprendre comment chacun de ces facteurs influe sur la taille et la durée de l'effet de liquidité produit par les mesures de politique monétaire de la banque centrale. L'analyse quantitative montre que l'insertion de rigidités a pour effet d'améliorer le modèle de la façon prévue, du moins dans une certaine mesure. Voici les principaux résultats obtenus par les auteurs : l'incorporation dans le modèle de coûts d'ajustement des salaires et des portefeuilles permet d'accentuer et de prolonger l'effet de liquidité produit par une mesure de politique monétaire; 2) la prise en compte de ces deux types de coûts, en particulier ceux se rapportant aux salaires, peut réduire la volatilité de l'inflation; 3) l'addition de coûts d'ajustement des prix, à tout le moins dans le contexte de règles de politique avec croissance monétaire, entraîne une volatilité excessive des taux d'intérêt et ne parvient pas à atténuer de façon sensible la volatilité de l'inflation.
Estudo comparativo do Índice de Diversidade de Shannon-Wiener em diferentes fragmentos de cerrado no estado de São Paulo (2020)
Creators: name: Scientia, Vita
name: Furtado, V.G.A.
name: Vieira, L.T.A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Botany
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60207 Population Ecology
subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: O Cerrado ocupa cerca de 23,3% do território brasileiro e é reconhecido por ter uma flora muito rica e com elevado nível de endemismo. O Cerrado é um complexo fisionômico que vai de campo limo à cerradão. Esse gradiente fisionômico aumenta com a disponibilidade de nutrientes, profundidade do solo e capacidade de água no solo. No estado de São Paulo, restam apenas 3% de Cerrado, sendo que ocupava originalmente 32,7%. A flora de cerrado do estado apresenta uma composição única em relação às outras áreas do país. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar, por meio do Índice de Diversidade de Shannon-Wiener, se há um aumento da diversidade florística em função do aumento da estrutura fisionômica de cerrado no estado de São Paulo. Levantamos 24 áreas em três fisionomias e comparamos as médias do índice com erropadrão da média. Foi encontrado uma média de 3,24 no campo cerrado, 3,13 no cerrado senso stricto e e 3,23 nats/indivíduo no cerradão, não diferindo estatisticamente. Nossos resultados mostram que a diversidade não está relacionada ao gradiente de biomassa no Cerrado Paulista, mas indica a importância de fisionomias não florestais para a biodiversidade dos cerrados paulistas. A média geral de 3,18 de Índice de Shannon coloca a diversidade da flora do Cerrado Paulista abaixo das Florestas Amazônicas e Atlânticas, muito próximo da vegetação Pantanal e acima dos valores encontrado para Pampas e Caatinga.
Triple GEM performance in magnetic field
Creators: name: Alexeev, M.
name: Amoroso, A.
name: Bagnasco, S.
name: Ferroli, R. Baldini
name: Balossino, I.
name: Bencivenni, G.
name: Bertani, M.
name: Bettoni, D.
name: Bianchi, F.
name: Bortone, A.
name: Calcaterra, A.
name: Capodiferro, M.
name: Carassiti, V.
name: Cerioni, S.
name: Chai, J.
name: Cheng, W.
name: Chiozzi, S.
name: Cibinetto, G.
name: Ramusino, A. Cotta
name: Cotto, G.
name: Cossio, F.
name: Rolo, M. Da Rocha
name: De Mori, F.
name: Destefanis, M.
name: Domenici, D.
name: Dong, J.
name: Evangelisti, F.
name: Farinelli, R.
name: Fava, L.
name: Felici, G.
name: Fioravanti, E.
name: Gaido, L.
name: Garzia, I.
name: Gatta, M.
name: Giraudo, G.
name: Greco, M.
name: Lavezzi, L.
name: Leng, C.
name: Li, H.
name: Li, P.
name: Lusso, S.
name: Maggiora, M.
name: Malaguti, R.
name: Mangoni, A.
name: Marcello, S.
name: Melchiorri, M.
name: Mezzadri, G.
name: Morello, G.
name: Mignone, M.
name: Pace, E.
name: Pacetti, S.
name: Papalino, G.
name: Passalacqua, B.
name: Patteri, P.
name: Pelosi, A.
name: Lener, M. Poli
name: Rivetti, A.
name: Savrié, M.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Sosio, S.
name: Spataro, S.
name: Tskhadadze, E.
name: Verma, S.
name: E
name: Yan, L.
name: Wang, B.
name: Weadon, R. J.
name: Zhang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Performance of triple GEM prototypes in strong magnetic field has been evaluated bymeans of a muon beam at the H4 line of the SPS test area at CERN. Data have been reconstructedand analyzed offline with two reconstruction methods: the charge centroid and the micro-Time-Projection-Chamber exploiting the charge and the time measurement respectively. A combinationof the two reconstruction methods is capable to guarantee a spatial resolution better than 150μmin magnetic field up to a 1 T.
Sob os Bancos da Praça (2019)
Creators: name: Scientia, Vita
name: Franco, K.P.A.C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220206 History and Philosophy of Science (incl. Non-historical Philosophy of Science)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Não é grande novidade, ou ao menos não deveria ser, que a metodologia científica é frequentemente utilizada de forma corriqueira, sem que os supostos cientistas de deem conta do que fazem. Certa vez, ouviu-se de um – não suposto – cientista em uma explicação sobre o método científico, uma aplicação deste em um simples embate: uma lanterna sem pilhas. O doutor elucidava sua explicação comparando as fases da metodologia científica com a resolução deste problema caseiro. O observador nota algo: a lanterna não acende. Eis a observação de uma problemática, ele levanta uma questão: por que não acende? Cria uma hipótese: pode ser que esteja sem pilhas. Aplica o experimento colocando pilhas, e obtém o resultado ligando a lanterna. Havia uma hipótese nula em que a lanterna não haveria de acender, e uma alternativa em que a aplicação de pilhas alteraria a posição atual do objeto, o acendendo. Desta forma, o resultado obtido com a pequena lâmpada sendo acesa foi a hipótese alternativa, tendo assim um experimento capaz de ser repetido. E de tal modo à diante temos ocasiões semelhantes com fogões sem gás, relógios atrasados, facas que não cortam, e por aí vai. De forma semelhante, Ronald Fisher, pai da estatística moderna, inicia seus estudos observando uma senhora inglesa que afirma sentir diferença no sabor ao colocar chá antes do leite, e vice-versa, em sua xícara, sem saber a razão, e nos brilha com a grandeza de suas descobertas.