cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Συστήματα μετατροπής κειμένου σε ομιλία (TTS Systems):
Creators: name: Στεργιοπούλου, Σοφία Ηλία
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Συστήματα Μετατροπής Κειμένου σε Ομιλία
Προσωδία
Σύνθεση Ομιλίας
Text-To-Speech Systems
Prosody
Speech Composition

description: Η τεχνολογία σύνθεσης ομιλίας, μετράει μόνο λίγα χρόνια ζωής, κατά τη διάρκεια των οποίων έχει αναπτυχθεί και έχει γνωρίσει ιδιαίτερη άνθιση. Καθώς σε συνδυασμό με την βελτίωση των υπολογιστών και της τεχνολογίας χρησιμοποιείται ολοένα και σε νέα πεδία εφαρμογών. Συνεπώς αποτελεί πρόκληση η υλοποίηση αποδοτικών συστημάτων σύνθεσης ομιλίας. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αρχικά γίνεται βιβλιογραφική μελέτη των συστημάτων ομιλίας και κυρίως των συστημάτων μετατροπής κειμένου σε ομιλία, των βασικών τεχνολογιών και των αλγορίθμων που χρησιμοποιούν. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στην μελέτη μεθόδων και αλγορίθμων που σχετίζονται με δύο σημαντικά θέματα της τεχνολογίας σύνθεσης ομιλίας, την προσωδία και τον αυτόματο τεμαχισμό σημάτων ομιλίας. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάζεται ένα σύστημα σύνθεσης ομιλίας που υλοποιήθηκε στα πλαίσια αυτής της εργασίας και το οποίο ακολουθεί την προσέγγιση “Σύνθεση με Συνένωση Μονάδων Φυσικής Ομιλίας”, καρπός της οποίας είναι συστήματα τα οποία παράγουν ομιλία από κείμενο απεριορίστου λεξιλογίου, με υψηλή καταληπτότητα και φυσικότητα. Τέλος αξίζει να σημειωθεί, ότι με στόχο την παραγωγή πιο φυσικής ομιλίας μέσω της εκμετάλλευσης της έννοιας της προσωδίας, το σύστημα εμπεριέχει έναν επεξεργαστή έκφρασης ο οποίος χρησιμοποιεί ιδιαίτερα δέντρα ταξινόμησης και κατηγοριοποίησης (CARTS) για να παράγει τις πληροφορίες της προσωδίας.
description: The technology of speech composition, measures only few years of life, at the duration of which it has been developed and has known particular growth. This is because, in combination with the improvement of computers and technology it is increasingly used in new fields of applications. Consequently the concretisation of efficient systems of composition of speech, constitutes a challenge. In this diplomatic work initially are presented the conclusions of a bibliographic study concerning the systems of speech and mainly the systems of transformation of text in speech, the basic technologies and the algorithms that they use. Particular emphasis is given in the study of methods and algorithms that are related with two important subjects of technology of composition of speech, the prosody and the automatic chopping of signals of speech. Then, is presented a system of composition of speech that was materialized in the frames of this work and which follows the approach “Composition with Conjunction of Units of Natural Speech”, result of which are systems which produce speech from text of unlimited vocabulary, with high comprehensive and naturalness. Finally it should be mentioned, that with the aim of composing more natural speech via the exploitation of prosody, the system includes processor which uses particular trees of classification and categorization (CARTS) in order to produces the information of prosody.
Ανάπτυξη αλγόριθμων ταξινόμησης πολλαπλών ετικετών:
Creators: name: Μπακιρτζόγλου, Σταύρος Θεόδωρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Ταξινόμηση
Πολλαπλές ετικέτες
Μηχανική μάθηση
Classification
Multi-Label
MULAN

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η ανάπτυξη και πειραματική μελέτη αλγορίθμων ταξινόμησης δεδομένων πολλαπλών ετικετών, δηλαδή δεδομένων τα οποία ανήκουν ταυτόχρονα σε δυο ή και περισσότερες κατηγορίες ετικέτας. Στην παρούσα εργασία στόχος είναι ο εμπλουτισμός του λογισμικού MULAN (Multi-LAbel LearniNg). Αρχικά παρουσιάζεται η θεωρεία της μάθησης από δεδομένα πολλαπλών ετικετών και αναλύονται οι μέθοδοι μετασχηματισμού δεδομένων (Copy, Select, Ignore, LP, BR) και οι μέθοδοι προσαρμογής αλγορίθμων. Η εργασία επικεντρώνεται ειδικότερα στο θέμα της της ταξινόμησης δεδομένων πολλαπλών ετικετών, όταν οι ετικέτες ανήκουν σε μια ιεραρχική δομή. Αναλύονται τρεις αλγόριθμοι που παράγουν δέντρα απόφασης για να κατηγοριοποιήσουν, ο Clus-HMC, o Clus-SC και ο Clus-HSC. Ακολουθεί η πειραματική μελέτη του Clus-HMC εξετάζοντας την απόδοση πρόβλεψης του με διαφορετική παραμετροποίηση. Στην συνέχεια παρουσιάζονται κομμάτια του κώδικα υλοποίησης του αλγορίθμου αυτού, εξηγώντας τον τρόπο σκέψης που ακολουθήθηκε.
description: The object of the current project was the development and experimental study of algorithms for the task of classification of multi-label data, which are the data that belong at the same time in two or more class labels. The main target of the project is the enrichment of MULAN software library (Multi-LAbel LearniNg). with methods of multi-label classification. Firstly, the project presenting the general idea of the task of classifying multi-label data, analyze the methods of dataset transformation from multi-label to single label (Copy, Select, Ignore, LP, BR) and the groups of adaptive algorithms. The project focus at the task of Hierarchical multi-label data classification. Represents the adaptation for HMC problems of three algorithms that produce decision trees, Clus-HMC, Clus-SC and Clus-HSC. It followed by the experimental study of Clus-HMC, and the examination of the predictive performance with different parameters values. At next there is a presentation of part of the developing code and the explanation of the way of thinking. The project concludes with results that showed in at the developing process.
Plane waves in a relativistic homogeneous and isotropic elastic continuum
Creators: name: Polák, Vratko
name: Balek, Vladimír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagation of gravitational and acoustic plane waves in a flat universe filled with a general relativistic, homogeneous and isotropic, spatially flat continuum is studied. The continuum is described by analogues of nonrelativistic characteristics, namely energy per particle, pressure and Lame coefficients, and considered in the comoving proper-time gauge. For all modes with the given wave covector, differential equations governing the time dependence of the amplitudes are derived. In particular, longitudinal acoustic waves are described, in analogy with the nonrelativistic theory, by two coupled first-order equations. As an example, plane waves in a stiff ultrarigid continuum are considered.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure; section 4 extended, minor changes elsewhere, author added
Chiral Soliton Models and Nucleon Structure Functions
Creators: name: Weigel, Herbert
name: Takyi, Ishmael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline and review the computations of polarized and unpolarized nucleon structure functions within the bosonized Nambu-Jona-Lasinio chiral soliton model. We focus on a consistent regularization prescription for the Dirac sea contribution and present numerical results from that formulation. We also reflect on previous calculations on quark distributions in chiral quark soliton models and attempt to put them into perspective.
description: 40 pages, review to appear in special issue 'Advances in Chiral Quark Models' of Symmetry (MDPI)
Assessment of sputum smear-positive but culture-negative cases among newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Tanzania
Creators: name: N.P  Mnyambwa
name: E.S. Ngadaya
name: K. Godfather
name: D-J Kim
name: R.R. Kazwala
name: P. Petrucka
name: S.G. Mfinanga
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Objective: The frequency and clinical implication of smear-positive but culture-negative among presumptive TB patients remain unclear. This study aims to identify the proportion of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections among “smear-positive culture-negative” patients in selected health facilities in Tanzania.
Methods: A cross-sectional sub-study was conducted using samples from 94 “smear-positive culture-negative” patients diagnosed between January 2013 and June 2016 in selected health facilities in Tanzania.
Results: Out of 94 sputa, 25 (26.60%) were GeneXpert® mycobacteria TB positive and 11/94 (11.70%) repeatculture positive; 5 were Capilia TB-Neo positive and confirmed by GenoType MTBC to be Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Mycobacterium canettii. The remaining 6 Capilia TB-Neo negative samples were genotyped by GenoType® CM/AS, identifying 3 (3.19%) NTM, 2 Gram-positive bacteria, and 1 isolate testing negative, together, making a total of 6/94 (6.38%) confirmed false smear-positives. Twenty-eight (29.79%) were confirmed TB cases, while 60 (63.83%) remained unconfirmed cases. Out of 6 (6.38%) patients who were HIV positive, 2 patients were possibly co-infected with mycobacteria.
Conclusion: The isolation of NTM and other bacteria among smear-positive, culture-negative samples and the presence of over two-thirds of unconfirmed TB cases emphasize the need of both advanced differential TB diagnostic techniques and good clinical laboratory practices to avoid unnecessary administration of anti-TB drugs.
Robustness of Helical Hinge States of Weak Second-Order Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Wang, C.
name: Wang, X. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Robustness of helical hinge states of three-dimensional weak second-order topological i sulators (WSOTIs) against disorders is studied. The pure WSOTI is obtained from a weak $\mathbb{Z}_2$ first-order topological insulator through a surface band inversion. Both bulk states and surface states in the WSOTI are gapped, and in-gap valley-momentum locked helical hinge states are topologically protected by the surface valley-Chern number. In the presence of weak disorders, helical hinge states are robust against disorders while the quantized conductance of the states is fragile due to the inter-valley scattering. As disorder increases, the system undergoes a series of quantum phase transitions: from the WSOTI to the weak first-order topological insulator, then to a diffusive metal and finally to an Anderson insulator. Our results thus fully establish the WSOTI phase as a genuine state of matters and open a door for the second-order valleytronics that allows one to control the valley degree of freedom through helical hinge states.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Diffusive low optical depth particle disks truncated by planets
Creators: name: Quillen, Alice C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two dimensional particle disks in proximity to a planet are numerically integrated to determine when a planet in a circular orbit can truncate a particle disk. Collisions are treated by giving each particle a series of velocity perturbations during the integration. We estimate the mass of a planet required to truncate a particle disk as a function of collision rate, related to the disk optical depth, and velocity perturbation size, related to the disk velocity dispersion. We find that for particle disks in the regime estimated for debris disks, a Neptune mass planet is sufficiently massive to truncate the disk. If both the velocity dispersion and the disk optical depth are low (dispersion less than approximately 0.02 in units of circular motion, and optical depth less than 10^-4) then an Earth mass planet suffices. We find that the disk is smooth and axisymmetric unless the velocity perturbation is small and the planet mass is of order or greater than a Neptune mass in which case azimuthal structure is seen near prominent mean motion resonances.
description: submitted to MNRAS
Performance of the sentinel surveillance system for influenza-like illnesses in the Greater Accra region, Ghana – 2018
Creators: name: Nuvey, Francis
name: E.  Edu-Quansah
name: G.  Kuma
name: J.  Eleeza
name: E.  Kenu
name: S.  Sackey
name: D.  Ameme
name: M.  Abakar
name: K.  Kreppel
name: R.  Ngandolo
name: E.  Afari
name: B.  Bonfoh
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Objectives: Influenza-like Illness (ILI) is a medical diagnosis of possible influenza or another respiratory illness with common symptoms. Deaths during a pandemic influenza outbreak in 2017 in Ghana raised doubts about the ILI surveillance system performance. We aim to assess ILI surveillance system’s usefulness and performance.
Methods: CDC guidelines were used to evaluate the data of the ILI surveillance system between 2013 and 2017. We interviewed surveillance personnel on the system’s operation. Additionally, routinely entered ILI data from the National Influenza Center provided by health facilities was extracted.
Results: All population and age groups were under ILI surveillance over the period evaluated. Overall, 2948 suspected case-patients, including 392 (13.3%) children under-five were reported, with 219 being positive for influenza virus. The predominant influenza subtype was H3N2, recorded in 90 (41.1%) -patients. The system only met two out of its four objectives. None of the health facilities consistently met their annual 260 suspected case-detection quota.
Conclusions: The ILI surveillance system in the Greater Accra region is only partially meeting its objectives. While it is found to be sensitive, representative and timely, the data quality was sub-optimal. We recommend the determination of thresholds for alert and outbreak detection and ensuring that sentinel sites meet their weekly case-detection targets.
Hyperelliptic curves, L-polynomials, and random matrices
Creators: name: Kedlaya, Kiran S.
name: Sutherland, Andrew V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M38 (Primary), 11G20, 14G10, 15A52, 05E15 (Secondary)

description: We analyze the distribution of unitarized L-polynomials Lp(T) (as p varies) obtained from a hyperelliptic curve of genus g <= 3 defined over Q. In the generic case, we find experimental agreement with a predicted correspondence (based on the Katz-Sarnak random matrix model) between the distributions of Lp(T) and of characteristic polynomials of random matrices in the compact Lie group USp(2g). We then formulate an analogue of the Sato-Tate conjecture for curves of genus 2, in which the generic distribution is augmented by 22 exceptional distributions, each corresponding to a compact subgroup of USp(4). In every case, we exhibit a curve closely matching the proposed distribution, and can find no curves unaccounted for by our classification.
description: Fixed 3 minor typos on pages 31 and 32, including a correction to Table 12. 44 pages
Κυτταρική θεραπεία σε πειραματικό μοντέλο εντεροπάθειας από γλουτένη:
Creators: name: Μαντενούδη, Ολγα Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Μεσεγχυματικά στελεχιαία κύτταρα
Αυτοανοσία
Κοιλιοκάκη
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)
Autoimmune disease
Celiac disease

description: Τα μεσεγχυματικά στελεχιαία κύτταρα (MSCs) εκτός από την ικανότητα τους να διαφοροποιούνται προς ένα ευρύ φάσμα κυτταρικών τύπων και την πιθανή κλινική εφαρμογή τους στην ιστική αναγέννηση, πολλές πρόσφατες μελέτες έχουν δείξει ότι τα MSCs μπορούν να ρυθμίσουν τις ανοσοαποκρίσεις όπως την in vitro παρεμπόδιση του πολλαπλασιασμού των Τ λεμφοκυττάρων (Di Nicola M et al, 2002; Zappia Ε et al, 2005) και να χρησιμοποιηθούν επιτυχώς στην πρόληψη και τη θεραπεία της GVHD κατά την αλλογενή χορήγηση αιμοποιητικών κυττάρων (Le Blanc K et al, 2005). Οπότε, θεωρήθηκε σημαντικό να μελετηθεί η διερεύνηση του ανοσορρυθμιστικού ρόλου των μεσεγχυματικών στελεχιαίων κυττάρων του μυελού των οστών σε πειραματικό μοντέλο εντεροπάθειας από γλουτένη, που προσομοιάζει το συνδρόμου δυσαπορρόφησης της γλουτένης (κοιλιοκάκη) στον άνθρωπο, καθώς και το μηχανισμό δράσης τους. Από την παρούσα εργασία προκύπτει ότι τα MSCs βελτιώνουν την πειραματική εντεροπάθεια από γλουτένη μέσω α) ανοσορρύθμισης και επαναφοράς της φυσιολογικής αντιγονικής απόκρισης β) αναστολής της φλεγμονώδους διεργασίας στο εντερικό επιθήλιο. Επίσης, βρέθηκε in vitro ότι τα MSCs προκαλούν ισχυρή ανοσοκαταστολή των σπληνοκυττάρων που έχoυν απομονωθεί από GS-GD ζώα.
description: The MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells) are capable of differentiating into a broad variety of cell types and can be a promising application to clinical studies for tissue regeneration. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of MSCs (as regulators) to immunoreactions and in vitro their ability to supress T cell activation (Di Nicola M et al, 2002; Zappia Ε et al, 2005). Additionally they have been successfully used for prevention and treatment against GVHD (graft versus host disease) after allogeneic transplantation with haemopoietic stem cells (Le Blanc K et al, 2005). In the present study we were interesting in investigating whether the MSCs of the bone marrow play a specific role in an experimental mouse model of gluten enteropathy which resembles the human syndrome disabsorption of gluten (celiac disease) by regulating the immunoreactions and what are the mechanisms of their function. We conclude that the MSCs ameliorate experimental gluten enteropathy by a) improving the immunological response and restoring the normal antigen reaction, b) inhibiting inflammatory response to intestine epithelium. At last we showed that the MSCs cause strong immunosupression to the spleen cells of GS-GD animals in vitro.
Multi-frequency Point Supported LLRF Front-end for CiADS Wide-bandwidth Application
Creators: name: Chen, Qi
name: Gao, Zheng
name: Zhu, Zheng-Long
name: Xue, Zong-Heng
name: He, Yuan
name: Wang, Xian-Wu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The China initiative Accelerator Driven System, CiADS, physics design adopts $162.5 \,\mathrm{MHz}$, $325 \,\mathrm{MHz}$, and $650 \,\mathrm{MHz}$ cavities, which are driven by the corresponding radio frequency (RF) power system, requiring frequency translation front-end for the RF station. For that application, a general-purpose design front-end prototype has been developed to evaluate the multi-frequency point supported design feasibility. The difficult parts to achieve the requirements of the general-purpose design are reasonable device selection and balanced design. With a carefully selected low-noise wide-band RF mixer and amplifier to balance the performance of multi-frequency supported down-conversion, specially designed local oscillator (LO) distribution net to increase isolation between adjacent channels, and external band-pass filter to realize expected up-conversion frequencies, high maintenance and modular front-end general-purpose design has been implemented. Results of standard parameters show an $R^2$ value of at least $99.991\%$ in the range of $-60 \sim 10\,\mathrm{dBm}$ for linearity, up to $18\,\mathrm{dBm}$ for P1dB, and up to $89\,\mathrm{dBc}$ for crosstalk between adjacent channels. The phase noise spectrum is lower than $80\,\mathrm{dBc}$ in the range of $0 \sim 1\,\mathrm{MHz}$, and cumulative phase noise is $0.006^\circ$; amplitude and phase stability are $0.022\%$ and $0.034^\circ$, respectively.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures
Impact of pre-eclampsia on birth weight in a sub-Saharan African population: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Annettee Nakimuli
name: J E Starling
name: S  Nakubulwa
name: I  Namagembe
name: M  Sekikubo
name: E  Nakabembe
name: J G  Scott
name: A  Moffett
name: C E  Aiken
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Objectives: Low birth-weight is a major contributor to death of babies during pregnancy and immediately after birth in sub-Saharan Africa, but determinants of birth-weight are not well understood in this context. We sought to characterize the relationship between birth-weight and maternal pre-eclampsia across gestation in Uganda.
Methods: This was a follow up study conducted at Mulago Hospital located in urban Uganda. Participants included 971 pre-eclampsia cases alongside 1,461 normotensive pregnancies between 28-42 weeks’ gestation. Statistical models were applied to show the relationship between birth-weight versus maternal preeclampsia status across gestation.
Results: Mean birth weight for pre-eclampsia cases was 2.48kg (±0.81SD), versus 3.06kg (±0.46SD) for normotensive pregnancies (p<0.001). This birth weight deficit varied across gestational age after adjusting for other maternal-fetal characteristics. The average birth weight in the pre-eclampsia group was 0.58kg lower than the normotensive group at 28 weeks (p<0.05), versus 0.17kg lower at 39 weeks (p<0.01). Holding gestational age constant, pre-eclampsia status predicted 7.1-10.5% of the total variation in birth-weight, compared to 0.05-0.7% for all other maternal-fetal characteristics combined.
Conclusions: Pre-eclampsia is the dominant predictor of birth-weight in this urban Ugandan population and hence likely to heavily influence perinatal survival. The impact of pre-eclampsia on birth-weight is smaller at higher gestational age.
Morphological stability of electromigration-driven vacancy islands
Creators: name: Hausser, Frank
name: Kuhn, Philipp
name: Krug, Joachim
name: Voigt, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromigration-induced shape evolution of two-dimensional vacancy islands on a crystal surface is studied using a continuum approach. We consider the regime where mass transport is restricted to terrace diffusion in the interior of the island. In the limit of fast attachment/detachment kinetics a circle translating at constant velocity is a stationary solution of the problem. In contrast to earlier work [O. Pierre-Louis and T.L. Einstein, Phys. Rev. B 62, 13697 (2000)] we show that the circular solution remains linearly stable for arbitrarily large driving forces. The numerical solution of the full nonlinear problem nevertheless reveals a fingering instability at the trailing end of the island, which develops from finite amplitude perturbations and eventually leads to pinch-off. Relaxing the condition of instantaneous attachment/detachment kinetics, we obtain non-circular elongated stationary shapes in an analytic approximation which compares favorably to the full numerical solution.
description: 12 pages
Characters, genericity, and multiplicity one for U(3)
Creators: name: Flicker, Yuval Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Publications on automorphic representations of the group U(3) assumed the validity of multiplicity one theorem since I claimed it in 1982. But the argument, published 1988, was based on a misinterpretation of a claim of Gelbart and Piatetski-Shapiro, SLN 1041 (1984), Prop. 2.4(i): ``L^2_{0,1} has multiplicity 1'', as meaning that each irreducible in the space L^2_{0,1} of generic cusp forms has multiplicity one in the space L^2_0 of cusp forms. The statement meant in SLN 1041, ``each irreducible in L^2_{0,1} has multiplicity 1 in L^2_{0,1}'' is too weak to be useful for nongeneric representations, as the present article points out. To remedy the situation, we detail in this paper the local method we sketched in the paper of 1988. Let ψbe a generic character of the unipotent radical U of a Borel subgroup of a quasisplit p-adic group G. The number (0 or 1) of ψ-Whittaker models on an admissible irreducible representation πof G was expressed by Rodier in terms of the limit of values of the trace of πat certain measures concentrated near the origin. An analogous statement holds in the twisted case. This article proves this twisted analogue for an involution when G=U(3) and p is not 2, and uses it to provide a local proof of the multiplicity one theorem for U(3). This asserts that each discrete spectrum automorphic representation (with induced components at the dyadic places) of the quasisplit unitary group U(3) associated with a quadratic extension E/F of number fields occurs in the discrete spectrum with multiplicity one.
description: 15 pages
Detection of circulating antigens for Taenia spp. in pigs slaughtered for consumption in Nairobi and surroundings, Kenya
Creators: name: Akoko, James
name: MacLeod, Ewan
name: Thomasa, Lian F.
name: Alarcon, Pablo
name: Erastus  Kang'ethe
name: Kivali, Velma
name: Dishon Muloi
name: Muinde, Patrick
name: Murungi, Maurice K.
name: Gachoya, Julius M.
name: Fèvrea, Eric M.
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Objective: Taenia solium a zoonotic tapeworm, with a major public health threat, being a leading cause of acquired epilepsy. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of infection with Taenia spp..
Methods: Seven hundred blood samples were collected from randomly selected pigs presented for slaughter at one of the largest porcine abattoir supplying unprocessed pork to Nairobi city and its surroundings. The samples were tested using an antigen ELISA.
Results: The prevalence was estimated to be 4.4% (95%CI: 1.9–7.1) with no significant statistical difference by pig sex or age. Infection with Taenia spp. was detected in pigs from all regions of the country supplying pigs to this slaughterhouse. Official post-mortem inspection did not detect cysticercosis in the duration of the study. Therefore, all the carcasses entered the food chains of Nairobi (70%), or neighboring counties (30%).
Conclusions: Circulating antigens of Taenia spp. were detected in pigs slaughtered in one of the largest porcine slaughterhouses in Kenya, which receives pigs from several regions in the country. This is an indicate that pork consumers in Nairobi and its surroundings may be exposed to the important zoonotic parasite. Interventions to improve food-safety throughout the pork value chains in Kenya should be seriously considered.
Predicting Human Touch Sensitivity to Single Atom Substitutions in Surface Monolayers
Creators: name: Nolin, Abigail
name: Licht, Amanda
name: Pierson, Kelly
name: Kayser, Laure V.
name: Dhong, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanical stimuli generated as a finger interrogates the physical and chemical features of an object forms the basis of fine touch. Current approaches to study or control touch primarily focuses on physical features, but the chemical aspects of fine touch may be harnessed to create richer tactile interfaces and reveal fundamental aspects of tactile perception. To connect tactile perception with molecular structure, we systematically varied silane-derived monolayers deposited onto imperceptibly smooth surfaces and made predictions of human tactile sensitivity via friction and cross-correlation analysis. We predicted, and demonstrated, that humans can distinguish between two isosteric silanes which differ only by a single nitrogen-for-carbon substitution. The mechanism of tactile contrast originates from a difference in monolayer ordering which was replicated in two alkylsilanes with a three-carbon difference in length. This approach may be generalizable to other materials systems and lead to new tactile sensations derived from materials chemistry.
description: Combined manuscript and SI
Markov Chains for Modeling Complex Luminescence, Absorption, and Scattering in Nanophotonic Systems
Creators: name: Kutayiah, A. Ryan
name: Kumar, Smriti
name: Ratnaweera, Rivi
name: Easwaran, Kenny
name: Sheldon, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a method based on Markov chains to model fluorescence, absorption, and scattering in nanophotonic systems. We show that the method reproduces Beer-Lambert's Law and Kirchhoff's Law, but also can be used to analyze deviations from these laws when some of their assumptions are violated. We show how to use the method to analyze a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) based on semiconductor nanocrystals.
Effect of short versus long antibiotic course in preventing post transurethral resection of prostate infections among catheterized patients at a northern Tanzania hospital : a single blinded, non inferiority randomized controlled trial.
Creators: name: Orgeness  Mbwambo
name: J.S.  Ngocho
name: E.  Mtui
name: P.   Rune
name: F.  Bright
name: A. K.   Mteta
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Objective
To compare if using antibiotic for short time ( 3 days ) will have similar results to using antibiotics for a long time ( 8 days )in preventing infections after endoscopic surgery of prostate (trans urethral resection of prostate ) in patients who had urethral catheter before operation.
 Methods
We used a randomized clinical trial where by randomization was done to allocate patients into two groups, one receiving antibiotic for 3 days and the other receiving antibiotic for 8 days.
Results
 There was no difference in the two arm of antibiotics use in preventing infections which were asymptomatic bacteriuria, symptomatic bacteriuria and clinical sepsis.
Conclusion
A short-term antibiotic course is not inferior to long-term antibiotic course in preventing post-operative infectious complications in catheterized patients undergoing TURP.
Funding
THRiVE-2 support, a DELTAS Africa grant # DEL-15-011 from Wellcome Trust grant # 107742/Z/15/Z and the UK government.
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Hazeleger, Hendrik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Thermodynamics

description: The first law of thermodynamics, also known as Law of Conservation of Energy, states that work cannot be created or destroyed in an isolated system. Here-in presented is a system, tested and with calculations that interferes with the first law of thermodynamics. The proposed and tested system shows that it takes less work to pump air underwater than the work that is produced by the quantity of water lifted above the water level with that underwater air pressure that lifts the system, in addition to the work that accumulated in the air stored underwater. Unfortunately it is however it is not possible to utilize this work to generate a perpentual motion machine. It generates free energy, free energy is subject to irreversible loss in the course of such work.
Schemes for robust quantum computation with polar molecules
Creators: name: Yelin, S. F.
name: Kirby, K.
name: Cote, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to use a new platform - ultracold polar molecules - for quantum computing with switchable interactions. The on/off switch is accomplished by selective excitation of one of the "0" or "1" qubits - long-lived molecular states - to an "excited" molecular state with a considerably different dipole moment. We describe various schemes based on this switching of dipolar interactions where the selective excitation between ground and excited states is accomplished via optical, micro-wave, or electric fields. We also generalize the schemes to take advantage of the dipole blockade mechanism when dipolar interactions are very strong. These schemes can be realized in several recently proposed architectures.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Comparison of molecular techniques for the identification of DNA markers specific to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis
Creators: name: Louie, Daryl Andy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Fusarium wilt of cyclamen is caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis. Early detection of this disease in greenhouse plantings has been difficult due to the long latent period which may occur and the ubiquity of morphologically identical nonhost F. oxysporum strains present in the greenhouse. A PCR based assay to confirm the identity of F. o. cyclaminis would be an improvement over any conventional methods due to its inherent speed, specificity, and sensitivity. The molecular techniques of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), combined polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR and RFLP), and subtraction hybridization were used to attempt identification of DNA markers specific to F. o. cyclaminis. No universal DNA markers were found which would identify the 16 F. o. cyclaminis isolates from the 25 nonhost Fusarium isolates used in this study. The complicating factor appeared to be the apparent loss of pathogenicity with some of the F. o. cyclaminis isolates. Of the methods evaluated, RAPD analysis or PCR and RFLP analysis using the intergenic spacer (IGS) region, proved to be the most promising methods due to their ease of use. Cluster analysis of the RAPD data using the unweighted paired group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) revealed that the pathogenic F. o. cyclaminis isolates were found to be exclusive to two clusters. Future research towards identification of DNA markers to this pathogen may best be approached by separation of the isolates with highest genetic similarity into groups and identifying DNA markers to these groups rather than identifying a universal marker to all F. o. cyclaminis isolates.
Exploring the infrared Landau gauge propagators using large asymmetric lattices
Creators: name: Silva, P. J.
name: Oliveira, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the infrared limit of the quenched lattice Landau gauge gluon and ghost propagators computed from large asymmetric lattices. In particular, the compatibility of the pure power law infrared solutions of the Dyson-Schwinger equations with the lattice data is investigated and the exponent $κ$ is measured. The gluon lattice data favour $κ\sim 0.52$, which would imply a vanishing zero momentum gluon propagator. For the subset of lattices where the ghost propagator was computed, the data is not compatible with a pure power law. Our data also show a decreasing running coupling in the infrared region. Furthermore, positivity violation for the gluon propagator is also verified.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, talk presented at Lattice 2006 (Confinement and Topology); minor changes, PoS(LAT2006)075
Nonlinear photon trident versus double Compton scattering and resummation of one-step terms
Creators: name: Torgrimsson, Greger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the photon trident process, where an initial photon turns into an electron-positron pair and a final photon under a nonlinear interaction with a strong plane-wave background field. We show that this process is very similar to double Compton scattering, where an electron interacts with the background field and emits two photons. We also show how the one-step terms can be obtained by resumming the small- and large-$χ$ expansions. We consider a couple of different resummation methods, and also propose new resummations (involving Meijer-G functions) which have the correct type of expansions at both small and large $χ$. These new resummations require relatively few terms to give good precision.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures
A Framework and DataSet for Bugs in Ethereum Smart Contracts
Creators: name: Zhang, Pengcheng
name: Xiao, Feng
name: Luo, Xiapu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ethereum is the largest blockchain platform that supports smart contracts. Users deploy smart contracts by publishing the smart contract's bytecode to the blockchain. Since the data in the blockchain cannot be modified, even if these contracts contain bugs, it is not possible to patch deployed smart contracts with code updates. Moreover, there is currently neither a comprehensive classification framework for Ethereum smart contract bugs, nor detailed criteria for detecting bugs in smart contracts, making it difficult for developers to fully understand the negative effects of bugs and design new approaches to detect bugs. In this paper, to fill the gap, we first collect as many smart contract bugs as possible from multiple sources and divide these bugs into 9 categories by extending the IEEE Standard Classification for Software Anomalies. Then, we design the criteria for detecting each kind of bugs, and construct a dataset of smart contracts covering all kinds of bugs. With our framework and dataset, developers can learn smart contract bugs and develop new tools to detect and locate bugs in smart contracts. Moreover, we evaluate the state-of-the-art tools for smart contract analysis with our dataset and obtain some interesting findings: 1) Mythril, Slither and Remix are the most worthwhile combination of analysis tools. 2) There are still 10 kinds of bugs that cannot be detected by any analysis tool.
description: 12 pages
Dietary patterns and linkages to Non-Communicable Diseases in Namibia
Creators: name: Mbongo, Laina
name: L.  Kazembe
name: L.  Pazvakawambwa
name: N.  Nickanor
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: The role of diet in promoting health and preventing disease is difficult to explain due to its complex network of foods and nutrients. Nutrition is essential to maintain life, but dietary composition can differ widely among individuals. Traditionally, analysis in nutritional epidemiology typically examined diseases in relation to a single or a few nutrients or foods. However, people do not eat isolated nutrients. Instead, they eat meals consisting of a variety of foods with complex combinations of nutrients. The main objective of this study it to quantify the kind of diets people consume by establish dietary patterns and how the patterns relate to health outcomes. A number of data reduction methods will be explored to determine the patterns and how they are associated with non-communicable diseases. The Namibia Household and Income Expenditure Survey (2015/2016) will be used to achieve the objectives of this study. The main objective of this study it to quantify the kind of diets people consume by establish dietary patterns and how the patterns relate to health outcomes
title: Φασματοσκοπικές μελέτες πυρηνικού μαγνητικού συντονισμού (NMR) σε συστήματα περοβσκιτών μαγγανίου κολοσσιαίας μαγνητοαντίστασης
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Νuclear magnetic resonance in manganese perovskites of colossal magnetoresistance
Creators: name: Panopoulos, Nikolaos A.
Publisher: name: National Technological University of Athens
Year: 2012
Subjects: Πυρηνικός Μαγνητικός Συντονισμός
Περοβσκίτες Μαγγανίου
Αλλαγή φάσης
Μαγνητικά πεδία
Πολαρόνια
Υαλώδης κατάσταση
Νuclear Magnetic Resonance
Perovskites
Phase transition
Magnetic fFields
Polarons
Spin glass

description: 152 σ.
description: Oι περοβσκίτες Mαγγανίου ως ισχυρώς συσχετιζόμενα ηλεκτρονικά συστήματα ανήκουν στα οξείδια μετάλλων μετάπτωσης και είναι ευρέως γνωστοί λόγω του φαινομένου κολοσσιαίας μαγνητοαντίστασης. Χαρακτηρίζονται από σημαντικές ηλεκτρονικές και μαγνητικές ιδιότητες, οι οποίες αποτυπώνονται σε πλούσια διαγράμματα φάσης. Η πολυπλοκότητα του διαγράμματος φάσης των ενώσεων La1-xCaxMnO3 διαμορφώνεται σε σημαντικό βαθμό από την υαλώδης κατάσταση των spin και το σχηματισμό των πολαρονίων. Οι μελέτες Πυρηνικού Μαγνητικού Συντονισμού των τετραπολικών πυρήνων 139La, 55Mn σε θερμοκρασιακό εύρος 80K < T < 900K αποκαλύπτουν ότι η υαλώδης κατάσταση των spin στην παραμαγνητική φάση του La0.67Ca0.33MnO3 δεν είναι μία τυχαία διαδικασία που οφείλεται σε αταξία των ροπών με αποτέλεσμα τη μαγνητική απόσβεση (quenched disorder) αλλά η έκφραση μίας συλλογικής υαλώδους κατάστασης, η οποία για T < Tc συνυπάρχει με την σιδηρομαγνητική κατάσταση και δημιουργεί μία νέα θερμοδυναμική φάση. Συγκριτικές μετρήσεις στα δείγματα La0.77Ca0.23MnO3, La0.59Ca0.41MnO3 και La0.70Sr0.30MnO3 φανερώνουν ότι καθοριστικό ρόλο έχει ο βαθμός σχηματισμού των πολαρονικών παραμορφώσεων μικρής κλίμακας οι οποίες ελέγχουν α) τη σταθερότητα της υαλώδους κατάστασης και β) το είδος (πρώτη ή δεύτερη τάξη) της μετάβασης από την παραμαγνητική στη σιδηρομαγνητική κατάσταση.
description: The class of perovskite manganites has been regarded as a fruitful field for research. Exhibiting a bad metal behavior as a dinstict member of transition metal oxides, manganites manage to raise a worldwide interest, rather easily considering the multiphase nature which is depicted in plenty of abundant phase diagrams. Understanding the complex glassy phenomena, which accompany polaron formation in optimally doped manganites (ODM) is a cumbersome issue, which remains still unanswered. Here, on the basis of 139La and 55Mn NMR measurements, performed in the temperature range 80K - 900K we show that glass freezing, observed in the paramagnetic phase of ODM La0.67Ca0.33MnO3, is not a random uncorrelated process due to quenched disorder, but the signature of a collective spin-glass state, which for T
A Macromolecule in a Solvent: Adaptive Resolution Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Creators: name: Praprotnik, Matej
name: Site, Luigi Delle
name: Kremer, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report adaptive resolution molecular dynamics simulations of a flexible linear polymer in solution. The solvent, i.e., a liquid of tetrahedral molecules, is represented within a certain radius from the polymer's center of mass with a high level of detail, while a lower coarse-grained resolution is used for the more distant solvent. The high resolution sphere moves with the polymer and freely exchanges molecules with the low resolution region through a transition regime. The solvent molecules change their resolution and number of degrees of freedom on-the-fly. We show that our approach correctly reproduces the static and dynamic properties of the polymer chain and surrounding solvent.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables
Μελέτη και σχεδίαση συστήματος ηλεκτρονικής εκπαίδευσης για τη διδασκαλία του μαθήματος αλγοριθμικής:
Creators: name: Κοσμίδης, Εμμανουήλ Κοσμά
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: ηλεκτρονική εξάσκηση
μεταφραστής ψευδογλώσσας
δυσκολίες διδασκαλίας αλγοριθμικής
e-training
pseudocode translator
difficulties teaching algorithmics

description: Στα πλαίσια αυτής της εργασίας σχεδιάστηκε και μελετήθηκε ένα σύστημα υποβοήθησης της ηλεκτρονικής εκπαίδευσης των εκπαιδευομένων. αναπτύχθηκε στη συνέχεια ένα πιλοτικό σύστημα για την αξιολόγηση της προτεινόμενης σχεδίασης και υλοποίησης. η πιλοτική εφαρμογή στηρίζεται σε έναν μεταφραστή που μεταφράζει σε php τον αλγόριθμο που συγγράφει ο χρήστης σε ψευδογλώσσα. κατόπιν, είτε απλά εμφανίζει το αποτέλεσμα της εκτέλεσης του, είτε αποθηκεύει τον αλγόριθμο σε μια διαδικτυακή βάση. Στη δεύτερη περίπτωση η βάση τροφοδοτεί ένα διαδικτυακό περιβάλλον εξάσκησης. Στο περιβάλλον αυτό ο χρήστης καλείται να υπολογίσει το αποτέλεσμα του αλγόριθμου που προβάλλεται κάθε φορά. η καινοτομία του συστήματος συνίσταται στον αυτοματοποιημένο και τυχαίο τρόπο αλλαγής των αρχικών τιμών επιλεγμένων μεταβλητών του τρέχοντα αλγορίθμου και επανυπολογισμού του αποτελέσματος, δημιουργώντας ουσιαστικά έναν νέο αλγόριθμο. Το ηλεκτρονικό περιεχόμενο της εκπαίδευσης δεν είναι συνεπώς στατικό αλλά μεταβάλλεται και παράγεται νέο, δημιουργώντας πολλές διαφορετικές ερωτήσεις από μικρή διαθέσιμη πληροφορία.
description: In this thesis, an e-learning support system was studied and designed. Also a prototype system was created based on the studied system. The system is based on a translator that translated an algorithm, written in pseudocode, to PHP code. Moreover the system executes the php code and presents the outcome of the algorithm. The system is able to save both the php and pseudocode in an online database. The database is used to support an online training environment, which provides pseudocode algorithms and the user is suppose to calculate its outcome. When the user asks the right answer asking, the system executes the php code and shows the actual result.The innovation of the system is the automated and random way the system alters the initial values of a given variable of the algorithm and the recalculation of its actual result. That means that the e-content is no longer static, but it can be reproduced and change form leading to a new result. This way, a lot of different individual questions can be produced by the system, based on limited available information.
Attention-based Convolutional Autoencoders for 3D-Variational Data Assimilation
Creators: name: Mack, Julian
name: Arcucci, Rossella
name: Molina-Solana, Miguel
name: Guo, Yi-Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new 'Bi-Reduced Space' approach to solving 3D Variational Data Assimilation using Convolutional Autoencoders. We prove that our approach has the same solution as previous methods but has significantly lower computational complexity; in other words, we reduce the computational cost without affecting the data assimilation accuracy. We tested the new method with data from a real-world application: a pollution model of a site in Elephant and Castle, London and found that we could reduce the size of the background covariance matrix representation by O(10^3) and, at the same time, increase our data assimilation accuracy with respect to existing reduced space methods.
description: Published in Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering in Dec 2020
Structural modification of parthenin for malaria transmission-blocking
Creators: name: Trizah Milugo
name: DP Tchouassi
name: R Kavishe
name: B Torto
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2019

description: A combination of measures including early diagnosis, chemotherapy and vector-based approaches has helped to significantly reduce the number of malaria cases and deaths over the last decade. The disease burden however remains high in many countries of sub-Saharan Africa. As such, new ways to control and eliminate malaria are urgently required. One such is the use of interventions that block malaria parasite development in the mosquito host thus preventing transmission to humans. We have identified a plant based compound–parthenin, which blocks malaria parasite development within its mosquito host. Parthenin however, is toxic to humans. To improve its potency and safety profile we have modified its structure to obtain different derivatives that will be evaluated against the malaria parasite. The findings will inform their development as leads for designing more effective compounds that can be administered as chemoprophylactic agents in combination with currently approved antimalarials.
Semicosimplicial DGLAs in deformation theory
Creators: name: Fiorenza, Domenico
name: Manetti, Marco
name: Martinengo, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18G30, 18G50, 18G55, 13D10, 17B70

description: We identify Cech cocycles in nonabelian (formal) group cohomology with Maurer-Cartan elements in a suitable L-infinity algebra. Applications to deformation theory are described.
description: Largely rewritten. Abstract modified. 15 pages, Latex, uses xy-pic