cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Attacker Modeling Framework for the Assessment of Cyber-Physical Systems Security
Creators: name: Deloglos, Christopher
name: Elks, Carl
name: Tantawy, Ashraf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Characterizing attacker behavior with respect to Cyber-Physical Systems is important to assuring the security posture and resilience of these systems. Classical cyber vulnerability assessment approaches rely on the knowledge and experience of cyber-security experts to conduct security analyses and can be inconsistent where the experts' knowledge and experience are lacking. This paper proposes a flexible attacker modeling framework that aids in the security analysis process by simulating a diverse set of attacker behaviors to predict attack progression and provide consistent system vulnerability analysis. The model proposes an expanded architecture of vulnerability databases to maximize its effectiveness and consistency in detecting CPS vulnerabilities while being compatible with existing vulnerability databases. The model has the power to be implemented and simulated against an actual or virtual CPS. Execution of the attacker model is demonstrated against a simulated industrial control system architecture, resulting in a probabilistic prediction of attacker behavior.
On the Hochschild-Kostant-Rosenberg map for graded manifolds
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Alberto S.
name: Fiorenza, Domenico
name: Longoni, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58A50, 16E40, 55P35

description: We show that the Hochschild-Kostant-Rosenberg map from the space of multivector fields on a graded manifold N (endowed with a Berezinian volume) to the cohomology of the algebra of multidifferential operators on N (as a subalgebra of the Hochschild complex of the algebra of smooth functions on N) is an isomorphism of Batalin-Vilkovisky algebras. These results generalize to differential graded manifolds.
description: 15 pages. Problematic Lemma 5.5 of v1 removed and Theorem 5.3b corrected accordingly. Exposition reorganized. To appear in IMRN
Additional file 1 of The awareness and practice of dentists regarding medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw and its prevention: a cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Han, A. Lum
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental appendices.
Evolution and Effects of Typhoon Rumbia (2018) after Recurvature and their Links to Northeast China Cold Vortex Anomaly
Creators: name: Wang, Hejing
name: Zheng, Lina
name: Jiang, Wenjing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Typhoon Rumbia (2018) made landfall in Shanghai, China, immediately weakened and turned northward. According to the evolution of the middle tropospheric atmospheric circulation, Rumbia interacted with a cold vortex anomaly (CVA) split out of the Northeast China Cold Vortex (NCCV) before embedding in NCCV. It was found that Rumbia showed two enhancements at 500 hPa after recurvature. The first enhancement was related to the establishment and strengthening of upper-level jet stream, while the second was linked to the cold advection enhancement during the embedding period. When Rumbia approached the NCCV, it transferred energy to the CVA, aiding its development. Meanwhile, CVA continuously delivered cold advection to Rumbia, promoting the extratropical transformation of Rumbia. Furthermore, Rumbia brought severe precipitation after extratropical transformation, including direct precipitation and remote precipitation. The results indicated that severe direct precipitation was associated with the upper-level divergence zone. In contrast, heavy remote precipitation was attributed to the enhanced upward movement in the middle troposphere caused by the embedding process. This process was primarily convective precipitation, although it occurred under insufficient water vapour conditions.
Simplified formulas for the generation of terahertz waves from semiconductor surfaces excited with a femtosecond laser
Creators: name: Tonouchi, Masayoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive simple formulas to explain terahertz (THz) emission from semiconductor surfaces excited by a femtosecond (fs) laser. Femtosecond optical pulses with energies larger than the bandgap create photocarriers which travel and generate THz radiation, according to the time derivative of the photocurrent. By assuming that only electrons traveling in an ultrafast time scale, less than a few hundred fs, contribute to THz radiation, one can obtain simple expressions for the emission originating from the photocarrier drift accelerated with a built-in field or from the photocarrier diffusion. The emission amplitude of the former is in proportion with electron mobility, the Schottky-Barrier height, and the laser intensity and one of the latter with the laser intensity and diffusion coefficient squared. We also discuss the formula for emission from metal-insulator-semiconductor structures. The derived expressions are useful in understanding the THz emission properties observed by a laser THz emission microscope (LTEM), bringing LTEM into real applications in the field of semiconductor research and development.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Chern classes of reductive groups and an adjunction formula
Creators: name: Kiritchenko, Valentina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, I construct noncompact analogs of the Chern classes of equivariant vector bundles over complex reductive groups. For the tangent bundle, these Chern classes yield an adjunction formula for the Euler characteristic of complete intersections in reductive groups. In the case where the complete intersection is a curve, this formula gives an explicit answer for the Euler characteristic and the genus of the curve.
description: LATeX, 26 pages; added references, corrected typos
Additional file 1 of Feedback after OSCE: A comparison of face to face versus an enhanced written feedback
Creators: name: Ngim, Chin Fang
name: Fullerton, Paul Douglas
name: Vanassa Ratnasingam
name: Valliammai Jayanthi Thirunavuk Arasoo
name: Dominic, Nisha Angela
name: Niap, Cindy Pei Sze
name: Thurairajasingam, Sivakumar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 4 of Assessment of changes in place of death of older adults who died from dementia in the United States, 2000–2014: a time-series cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Wei
name: Changshan Wu
name: Fletcher, Jason
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Temporal trend in hospital bed availability by state, 2000–2014
Effective action for superfluid Fermi systems in the strong-coupling limit
Creators: name: Dupuis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the low-energy effective action for three-dimensional superfluid Fermi systems in the strong-coupling limit, where superfluidity originates from Bose-Einstein condensation of composite bosons. Taking into account density and pairing fluctuations on the same footing, we show that the effective action involves only the fermion density $ρ_{\bf r}$ and its conjugate variable, the phase $θ_{\bf r}$ of the pairing order parameter $Δ_{\bf r}$. We recover the standard action of a Bose superfluid of density $ρ_{\bf r}/2$, where the bosons have a mass $m_B=2m$ and interact {\it via} a repulsive contact potential with amplitude $g_B=4πa_B/m_B$, $a_B=2a$ ($a$ the s-wave scattering length associated to the fermion-fermion interaction in vacuum). For lattice models, the derivation of the effective action is based on the mapping of the attractive Hubbard model onto the Heisenberg model in a uniform magnetic field, and a coherent state path integral representation of the partition function. The effective description of the Fermi superfluid in the strong-coupling limit is a Bose-Hubbard model with an intersite hopping amplitude $t_B=J/2$ and an on-site repulsive interaction $U_B=2Jz$, where $J=4t^2/U$ ($t$ and $-U$ are the intersite hopping amplitude and the on-site attraction in the (fermionic) Hubbard model, $z$ the number of nearest-neighbor sites).
description: 9 pages (final version)
Global Mapping of the Surface Composition on an Exo-Earth using Color Variability
Creators: name: Kawahara, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric variation of a directly imaged planet contains information on both the geography and spectra of the planetary surface. We propose a novel technique that disentangles the spatial and spectral information from the multi-band reflected light curve. This will enable us to compose a two-dimensional map of the surface composition of a planet with no prior assumption on the individual spectra, except for the number of independent surface components. We solve the unified inverse problem of the spin-orbit tomography and spectral unmixing by generalizing the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) using a simplex volume minimization method. We evaluated our method on a toy cloudless Earth and observed that the new method could accurately retrieve the geography and unmix spectral components. Furthermore, our method is also applied to the real-color variability of the Earth as observed by Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR). The retrieved map explicitly depicts the actual geography of the Earth and unmixed spectra capture features of the ocean, continents, and clouds. It should be noted that, the two unmixed spectra consisting of the reproduced continents resemble those of soil and vegetation.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ. The code is available online at https://github.com/HajimeKawahara/sot. updated to match the published version
Human-centered Design for Green Landscape of Urban Streets
Creators: name: ZHAO Yingchuan
name: LI Zhi
name: ZHAO Yingchuan
name: LI Zhi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Urban streets, Green landscape, Human-centered thought

description: This paper first introduces the development process of urban street green landscape in China and the human-centered thinking of the design of urban street green landscape. On the basis of detailed elaboration of the basic theories of urban street green landscape, it analyzes the existing problems and causes for urban street green landscape. Then, from the perspective of human-centered thought, it comes up with several measures for optimizing the green landscape design of urban streets, to provide much more human-centered experience of urban street green landscape.
Additional file 3 of Transplantation of human amniotic epithelial cells promotes morphological and functional regeneration in a rat uterine scar model
Creators: name: Fan, Yihui
name: Junyan Sun
name: Qiuwan Zhang
name: Dongmei Lai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Primary antibodies used in this study.
Non-uniformly receding contact line breaks axisymmetric flow patterns
Creators: name: Kim, Hyoungsoo
name: Belmiloud, Naser
name: Mertens, Paul W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the internal flow pattern of an evaporating droplet using tomographic particle image velocimetry (PIV) when the contact line non-uniformly recedes. We observe a three-dimensional azimuthal vortex pair while the contact line non-uniformly recedes and the symmetry-breaking flow field is maintained during the evaporation. Based on the experimental results, we show that the vorticity magnitude of the internal flow is related to the relative contact line motion. Furthermore, to explain how the azimuthal vortex pair flow is created, we develop a theoretical model by taking into account the relation between the contact line motion and evaporating flux. Finally, we show that the theoretical model has a good agreement with experimental results.
Recovery of Full N=1 Supersymmetry in Non(anti-)commutative Superspace
Creators: name: Sako, Akifumi
name: Suzuki, Toshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate SUSY of Wess-Zumino models in non(anti-)commutative Euclidean superspaces. Non(anti-)commutative deformations break 1/2 SUSY, then non(anti-)commutative Wess-Zumino models do not have full SUSY in general. However, we can recover full SUSY at specific coupling constants satisfying some relations. We give a general way to construct full SUSY non(anti-)commutative Wess-Zumino models. For a some example, we investigate quantum corrections and $β$-functions behavior.
description: 16pages, 20 figures, v2: references added, comments added
Additional file 3 of Assessment of changes in place of death of older adults who died from dementia in the United States, 2000–2014: a time-series cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Wei
name: Changshan Wu
name: Fletcher, Jason
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Temporal trend in nursing home bed availability by state, 2000–2014
Additional file 3 of Childhood memories of food and eating in lower-income families in the United States: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Neuman, Nicklas
name: Eli, Karin
name: Nowicka, Paulina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3.
Payments for environmental services : incentives through carbon sequestration compensation for cocoa-based agroforestry systems in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
Creators: name: Seeberg-Elverfeldt, Christina
name: Schwarze, Stefan
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Seeberg-Elverfeldt, Christina
name: Schwarze, Stefan
name: Zeller, Manfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: payments for environmental services
subject: carbon sequestration
subject: agroforestry systems
subject: cocoa
subject: linear programming
subject: economic incentives
subject: poverty

description: Up to 25 percent of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are caused by deforestation, and Indonesia is the third largest greenhouse gas emitter worldwide due to land use change and deforestation. On the island of Sulawesi in the vicinity of the Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP), many smallholders contribute to conversion processes at the forest margin as a result of their agricultural practices. Specifically the area dedicated to cocoa plantations has increased from zero (1979) to nearly 18,000 hectares (2001). Some of these plots have been established inside the 220,000 hectares of the LLNP. An intensification process is observed with a consequent reduction of the shade tree density. This study assesses which impact carbon sequestration payments for forest management systems have on the prevailing land use systems. Additionally, the level of incentives is determined which motivates farmers to desist from further deforestation and land use intensification activities. Household behaviour and resource allocation is analysed with a comparative static linear programming model. As these models prove to be a reliable tool for policy analysis, the output can indicate the adjustments in resource allocation and land use shifts when introducing compensation payments. The data was collected in a household survey in six villages around the LLNP. Four household categories are identified according to their dominant agroforestry systems. These range from low intensity management with a high degree of shading to highly intensified shade free systems. At the plot level, the payments from carbon sequestration are the highest for the full shade cocoa agroforestry system, but with low carbon prices of € 5 tCO2e-1 these constitute 5 percent of the cocoa gross margin. Focusing on the household level, however, an increase of up to 18 percent of the total gross margin can be realised. Furthermore, for differentiated carbon prices up to € 32 tCO2e-1 the majority of the households have an incentive to adopt the more sustainable shade intensive agroforestry system. A win-win situation seems to appear, whereby, when targeting only the shade intensive agroforestry systems with carbon payments, the poorest households economically benefit the most and land use systems with high environmental benefits are promoted.
Additional file 1 of Assessment of changes in place of death of older adults who died from dementia in the United States, 2000–2014: a time-series cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Wei
name: Changshan Wu
name: Fletcher, Jason
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Associations between state-level factors and place of death of dementia decedents (two-way fixed effects models)
Additional file 2 of Assessment of changes in place of death of older adults who died from dementia in the United States, 2000–2014: a time-series cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Wei
name: Changshan Wu
name: Fletcher, Jason
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. State status of Certificate of Need (CON) laws and whether certain facilities were regulated
Evolution of the Fe-3$d$ impurity band state as the origin of high Curie temperature in p-type ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb
Creators: name: Takeda, Takahito
name: Sakamoto, Shoya
name: Araki, Kohsei
name: Fujisawa, Yuita
name: Anh, Le Duc
name: Tu, Nguyen Thanh
name: Takeda, Yukiharu
name: Fujimori, Shin-ichi
name: Fujimori, Atsushi
name: Tanaka, Masaaki
name: Kobayashi, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Ga$_{1-x}$,Fe$_x$)Sb is one of the promising ferromagnetic semiconductors for spintronic device applications because its Curie temperature ($T_{\rm C}$) is above 300 K when the Fe concentration $x$ is equal to or higher than ~0.20. However, the origin of the high $T_{\rm C}$ in (Ga,Fe)Sb remains to be elucidated. To address this issue, we use resonant photoemission spectroscopy (RPES) and first-principles calculations to investigate the $x$ dependence of the Fe 3$d$ states in (Ga$_{1-x}$,Fe$_x$)Sb ($x$ = 0.05, 0.15, and 0.25) thin films. The observed Fe 2$p$-3$d$ RPES spectra reveal that the Fe-3$d$ impurity band (IB) crossing the Fermi level becomes broader with increasing $x$, which is qualitatively consistent with the picture of double-exchange interaction. Comparison between the obtained Fe-3$d$ partial density of states and the first-principles calculations suggests that the Fe-3$d$ IB originates from the minority-spin ($\downarrow$) $e$ states. The results indicate that enhancement of the interaction between $e_\downarrow$ electrons with increasing $x$ is the origin of the high $T_{\rm C}$ in (Ga,Fe)Sb.
Land titling policy and soil conservation in the uplands of Northern Vietnam
Creators: name: Saint-Macary, Camille
name: Keil, Alwin
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Heidhues, Franz
name: Dung, Pham Thi My
name: Saint-Macary, Camille
name: Keil, Alwin
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Heidhues, Franz
name: Dung, Pham Thi My
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: Up to 25 percent of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are caused by deforestation, and Indonesia is the third largest greenhouse gas emitter worldwide due to land use change and deforestation. On the island of Sulawesi in the vicinity of the Lore Lindu National Park (LLNP), many smallholders contribute to conversion processes at the forest margin as a result of their agricultural practices. Specifically the area dedicated to cocoa plantations has increased from zero (1979) to nearly 18,000 hectares (2001). Some of these plots have been established inside the 220,000 hectares of the LLNP. An intensification process is observed with a consequent reduction of the shade tree density. This study assesses which impact carbon sequestration payments for forest management systems have on the prevailing land use systems. Additionally, the level of incentives is determined which motivates farmers to desist from further deforestation and land use intensification activities. Household behaviour and resource allocation is analysed with a comparative static linear programming model. As these models prove to be a reliable tool for policy analysis, the output can indicate the adjustments in resource allocation and land use shifts when introducing compensation payments. The data was collected in a household survey in six villages around the LLNP. Four household categories are identified according to their dominant agroforestry systems. These range from low intensity management with a high degree of shading to highly intensified shade free systems. At the plot level, the payments from carbon sequestration are the highest for the full shade cocoa agroforestry system, but with low carbon prices of € 5 tCO2e-1 these constitute 5 percent of the cocoa gross margin. Focusing on the household level, however, an increase of up to 18 percent of the total gross margin can be realised. Furthermore, for differentiated carbon prices up to € 32 tCO2e-1 the majority of the households have an incentive to adopt the more sustainable shade intensive agroforestry system. A win-win situation seems to appear, whereby, when targeting only the shade intensive agroforestry systems with carbon payments, the poorest households economically benefit the most and land use systems with high environmental benefits are promoted.
On the Consensus Threshold for the Opinion Dynamics of Krause-Hegselmann
Creators: name: Fortunato, Santo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the consensus model of Krause-Hegselmann, opinions are real numbers between 0 and 1 and two agents are compatible if the difference of their opinions is smaller than the confidence bound parameter ε. A randomly chosen agent takes the average of the opinions of all neighbouring agents which are compatible with it. We propose a conjecture, based on numerical evidence, on the value of the consensus threshold ε_c of this model. We claim that ε_c can take only two possible values, depending on the behaviour of the average degree d of the graph representing the social relationships, when the population N goes to infinity: if d diverges when N goes to infinity, ε_c equals the consensus threshold ε_i ~ 0.2 on the complete graph; if instead d stays finite when N goes to infinity, ε_c=1/2 as for the model of Deffuant et al.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, to appear in International Journal of Modern Physics C 16, issue 2 (2005)
Additional file 2 of Childhood memories of food and eating in lower-income families in the United States: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Neuman, Nicklas
name: Eli, Karin
name: Nowicka, Paulina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Progress on Holographic Three-Point Functions
Creators: name: Mueck, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently developed gauge-invariant formalism for the treatment of fluctuations in holographic renormalization group (RG) flows overcomes most of the previously encountered technical difficulties. I summarize the formalism and present its application to the GPPZ flow, where scattering amplitudes between glueball states have been calculated and a set of selection rules been found.
description: talk given at the RTN workshop "The quantum structure of space-time and the geometric nature of fundamental interactions", Kolymbari, September 5-10, 2004
The phase diagram of neutral quark matter: Self-consistent treatment of quark masses
Creators: name: Ruester, Stefan B.
name: Werth, Verena
name: Buballa, Michael
name: Shovkovy, Igor A.
name: Rischke, Dirk H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of dense, locally neutral three-flavor quark matter within the framework of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. In the analysis, dynamically generated quark masses are taken into account self-consistently. The phase diagram in the plane of temperature and quark chemical potential is presented. The results for two qualitatively different regimes, intermediate and strong diquark coupling strength, are presented. It is shown that the role of gapless phases diminishes with increasing diquark coupling strength.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Two new figures added as in the published version
Linking the Australian Emissions Trading Scheme
Creators: name: Jotzo, Frank
name: Betz, Regina
name: Jotzo, Frank
name: Betz, Regina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: climate change policy
subject: Australia
subject: emissions trading
subject: international linkages

description: A detailed proposal for an economy-wide emissions trading scheme in Australia was tabled by the government in December 2008 with a proposed start date for mid-2010. The government proposes unilateral linking, with no initial bilateral linkages, through the clean development mechanism and joint implementation. The proposal has resulted in serious concern about significant permit price increases and price capping, leading to a ban on permit sales. This research paper evaluates the proposed Australian scheme in relation to international emissions trading and linkages. Different scenarios for the Australian permit price under unilateral linking are considered. Options for bilateral linking with the European Union and New Zealand schemes are also evaluated, including access to ‘hot air’ units. The research paper argues that Australia needs to dismantle linking obstacles, such as the price cap, and move towards suitable bilateral linking schemes.
Construction of Supergravity Backgrounds with a Dilaton Field
Creators: name: Nakayama, Noriko
name: Sugiyama, Katsuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new class of non-compact Kahler backgrounds accompanied by a non-constant dilaton field is constructed as a supergravity solution. It is interpreted as a complex line bundle over a base manifold comprising of a combination of arbitrary coset spaces, and also includes the case of Calabi-Yau manifolds. The resulting backgrounds have U(1) isometry. We consider N=2 supersymmetric sigma-models on them, and derive a non-Kahlerian solution by U(1) duality transformation, which preserves N=2 supersymmetry.
description: 13 pages, minor corrections
Integrated Hydro-Economic Modelling: Challenges and Experiences in an Australian Catchment
Creators: name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Hydro-economic modelling
subject: Integrated catchment modelling
subject: Ecological modelling
subject: Valuation
subject: Bayesian networks
subject: Water quality

description: Integrated catchment policies are widely used to manage natural resources in Australian catchments. Integration of environmental processes with socio-economic systems is often difficult due to the limitations of decision support tools. To support assessments of the environmental and economic trade-offs of changes in catchment management, fully integrated models are needed. This research demonstrates a Bayesian Network (BN) approach to integrating environmental modelling with economic valuation. The model incorporates hydrological, ecological and economic models for the George catchment in Tasmania. Choice experiments were used to elicit information about the non-market costs and benefits of environmental changes. This allows the efficiency of alternative management scenarios to be assessed.
S-band electron spin resonance spectroscopy using a short-circuited coplanar waveguide resonator
Creators: name: Roy, Subhadip
name: Nandi, Anuvab
name: Das, Pronoy
name: Mitra, Chiranjib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the development of a coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonator and its use in an electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometer. The CPW resonator is designed to operate in S-band. It has a short circuit configuration which leads to miniaturization. It is so constructed such that it has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms. Detailed electromagnetic simulation with a particular emphasis on the excitation of the structure has been performed for this resonator owing to its uniplanar nature. The design parameters and the electromagnetic field distribution are obtained from the simulation. The resonator is fabricated using optical lithography with a rapid prototyping technique. The characteristic response of the resonator is measured by coupling it to a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). The ESR absorption spectrum of free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) is captured by using this resonator in reflection geometry. The microwave magnetic field distribution at the sample position is investigated.The measured g-factor value is found to be consistent with that reported in the literature. The quality factor of this resonator is found to be low and this makes it suitable for use in a Pulsed ESR spectrometer.
High levels of cognitive dietary restraint are associated with stress fractures in women runners
Creators: name: Guest, Nanci S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Societal emphasis on body image and the 'ideal' body weight drives many women to make conscious efforts to limit their food intake in order to achieve or maintain a desired body weight. This attitude and eating behaviour is characterized by a preoccupation with food-related issues, and is referred to as dietary restraint or cognitive dietary restraint (CDR). The most commonly used instrument to measure and assess this dietary restraint is the restraint scale of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ). Female athletes are faced with body image challenges, as well as trying to achieve a body weight that is optimal for their performance. Many female athletes could therefore be experiencing these restrained eating patterns, to meet the combined pressures of an 'ideal body1 and enhanced performance. Most previous studies have generally found similar physical characteristics and energy intakes among women with differing restraint scores. However, CDR has been associated with subclinical menstrual cycle irregularities (MCI) and increased Cortisol levels, both of which can affect bone mineral density (BMD). Preliminary evidence has also reported an association between CDR and BMD or bone mineral content (BMC). Low BMD has been implicated in stress fracture risk, and runners are particularly at risk for lower extremity stress fractures. The purpose of this investigation was to assess CDR in female runners with a recent stress fracture (SF) and without a history of stress fracture (NSF). We recruited nulliparous normal-weight runners (running >20 km/wk) who were non-smokers, had regular menstrual cycles, were not currently dieting and had no history of an eating disorder. A sample of 79 runners (n = 38 SF, 29±5 yr; n = 41 NSF, 29±6 yr) completed a 3-day food record and questionnaire assessing physical activity, menstrual cycle history and perceived stress. The TFEQ was used to assess eating attitudes and behaviours, including CDR. SF and NSF runners had similar body mass index (21.2±1.8 vs 22.0±2.5 kg/m²), physical activity (35.7±13.5 vs 33.4±1.34 km/wk), perceived stress, and energy and macronutrient intakes. However, CDR was significantly higher in SF runners (11±5.4 vs 8.4±4.3, p<0.05). We conclude that women runners with a history of recent SF have higher levels of CDR. Subclinical MCI and increased Cortisol levels associated with high CDR may contribute to lowered BMD and increased risk for stress fracture. Prospective studies that include measurements of menstrual cycle characteristics, Cortisol levels and BMD are needed to determine if CDR is an independent risk factor for stress fractures, mediated by subclinical MCI and elevated Cortisol with subsequent bone loss.
Using Choice Experiments to value River and Estuary Health in Tasmania with Individual Preference Heterogeneity
Creators: name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Choice experiments
subject: Preference heterogeneity
subject: Mixed Logit models
subject: River health
subject: Estuary health
subject: Tasmania
subject: Environmental valuation

description: Choice experiments (CE), also known as choice modelling (CM), are now used widely in environmental valuation in Australia. Many examples assess the trade-offs between river catchment management and socio-economic impacts. There is, however, limited information about the values of Australian estuaries and none of the existing valuation studies addresses catchment management changes in Tasmania. The CE study described in this report aims to elicit community preferences for protecting the rivers and estuary of the George catchment in north-eastern Tasmania. Results from conditional and mixed logit models show that respondents are, on average, willing to pay between $2.47 and $4.46 for a one kilometre increase in native riverside vegetation, and between $9.35 and $10.97 per species for the protection of rare native plants and animals, ceteris paribus. The study results are ambiguous about respondents’ preferences for estuary seagrass area. It also shows significant differences between logit models when accounting for individual heterogeneity, and repeated choices made by individual respondents.
Additional file 1 of Childhood memories of food and eating in lower-income families in the United States: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Neuman, Nicklas
name: Eli, Karin
name: Nowicka, Paulina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Adeles on n-dimensional schemes and categories C_n
Creators: name: Osipov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider categories C_n, which are very close to the iterated version of Ind Pro limits introduced by A.Bejlinson in his article "How to glue perverse sheaves". We prove that the adelic space on n-dimensional noetherian scheme is an object of C_n.
description: 10 pages, subsection 2.2.2 changed, references added
Additional file 2 of Cross-kingdom inhibition of bacterial virulence and communication by probiotic yeast metabolites
Creators: name: Malka, Orit
name: Kalson, Dorin
name: Yaniv, Karin
name: Shafir, Reut
name: Manikandan Rajendran
name: Ben-David, Oshrit
name: Kushmaro, Ariel
name: Meijler, Michael M.
name: Jelinek, Raz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Identification of microorganisms in kefir based on a BLAST comparison in the One Codex data platform for applied microbial genomics. Table S2. Distribution counts of the microorganism population as analyzed by Imagestream® flow cytometry. Figure S1. The effect of tryptophol acetate on bacterial growth. a Vibrio harveyi b Agrobacterium tumefaciens c Vibrio cholerae. Growth curves were recorded without and with tryptophol acetate extracted from the kefir mixture. d Vibrio cholerae grown in the presence of synthesized tryptophol acetate (200μM). Figure S2. Effect of tryptophol acetate (in concentration of 200μM) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial growth. Figure S3. Characterization of tryptophol acetate. (A) GC-MS chromatogram of the molecule showing the retention time spectra and (B) the characteristic m/z spectra showing the fragmentation mass of 144.1 kDa. (C) 1H NMR spectrum: δ 2.05 (3H, s), 3.08 (2H, t, J = 5.2 Hz), 4.40 (2H, t, J = 5.2 Hz), 6.93-7.12 (2H, 6.98 (ddd, J = 8.0, 7.8, 1.2 Hz), 7.07 (ddd, J = 8.0, 7.8, 1.6 Hz)), 7.30-7.36 (2H, 7.33 (dddd, J = 8.0, 1.2, 0.5, 0.5 Hz), 7.32 (t, J = 0.5 Hz)), 7.62 (1H, dddd, J = 8.0, 1.6, 0.5, 0.5 Hz). (D) 13C NMR spectrum: (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ 171.6, 136.4, 127.5, 122.37, 122.1, 119.5, 118.8, 111.8, 111.4, 64.9, 24.9, 21.2. Figure S4. Schemes depicting V. cholerae quorum sensing regulation of virulence and biofilm formation in high and low cell densities, respectively.
Investigating the Effects of Attribute Level Framing and Changing Cost Levels in Choice Experiments
Creators: name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Choice experiments
subject: Mixed Logit models
subject: Environmental valuation
subject: Attribute framing
subject: Cost bias

description: Choice experiments (CE) are increasingly used to estimate the values of non-market goods and services. A cost attribute is typically included in a CE questionnaire to estimate monetary values for changes in the non-market attributes presented. Although the cost attribute is centrally important, there has been limited research into the impacts of varying cost attribute levels on respondents’ choices in CE surveys. The context in which non-market attributes are presented to respondents (the ‘attribute frame’) may also affect value estimates. The challenge for CE practitioners is to identify the ‘appropriate’ attribute frames and cost level range. Results from a CE study in Tasmania show that respondents’ preferences are not impacted by describing an attribute in ‘presence’ versus ‘loss’. The absolute attribute levels, therefore, were most important in this study. Comparisons between different split samples are evidence that changing the cost attribute level does affect respondents’ preferences – higher levels lead to significantly higher estimates of willingness to pay for one of the three environmental attributes.
Additional file 9 of Eggshell and environmental bacteria contribute to the intestinal microbiota of growing chickens
Creators: name: Maki, Joel J.
name: Bobeck, Elizabeth A.
name: Sylte, Matthew J.
name: Looft, Torey
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Figure S4. Stacked barcharts comparing the relative abundance of bacterial phyla (> 1.0%) along the intestinal tract, both lumen and mucosa, at weeks 1, 3, and 6 for T1 and T2 birds.
Anomalous scaling of a passive scalar advected by the Navier--Stokes velocity field: Two-loop approximation
Creators: name: Adzhemyan, L. Ts.
name: Antonov, N. V.
name: Honkonen, J.
name: Kim, T. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field theoretic renormalization group and operator product expansion are applied to the model of a passive scalar quantity advected by a non-Gaussian velocity field with finite correlation time. The velocity is governed by the Navier--Stokes equation, subject to an external random stirring force with the correlation function $\propto δ(t-t') k^{4-d-2ε}$. It is shown that the scalar field is intermittent already for small $ε$, its structure functions display anomalous scaling behavior, and the corresponding exponents can be systematically calculated as series in $ε$. The practical calculation is accomplished to order $ε^{2}$ (two-loop approximation), including anisotropic sectors. Like for the well-known Kraichnan's rapid-change model, the anomalous scaling results from the existence in the model of composite fields (operators) with negative scaling dimensions, identified with the anomalous exponents. Thus the mechanism of the origin of anomalous scaling appears similar for the Gaussian model with zero correlation time and non-Gaussian model with finite correlation time. It should be emphasized that, in contrast to Gaussian velocity ensembles with finite correlation time, the model and the perturbation theory discussed here are manifestly Galilean covariant. The relevance of these results for the real passive advection, comparison with the Gaussian models and experiments are briefly discussed.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure
Massively Distributed Antenna Systems with Non-Ideal Optical Fiber Front-hauls: A Promising Technology for 6G Wireless Communication Systems
Creators: name: Yu, Lisu
name: Wu, Jingxian
name: Zhou, Andong
name: Larsson, Erik G.
name: Fan, Pingzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Employing massively distributed antennas brings radio access points (RAPs) closer to users, thus enables aggressive spectrum reuse that can bridge gaps between the scarce spectrum resource and extremely high connection densities in future wireless systems. Examples include cloud radio access network (C-RAN), ultra-dense network (UDN), and cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. These systems are usually designed in the form of fiber-wireless communications (FWC), where distributed antennas or RAPs are connected to a central unit (CU) through optical front-hauls. A large number of densely deployed antennas or RAPs requires an extensive infrastructure of optical front-hauls. Consequently, the cost, complexity, and power consumption of the network of optical front-hauls may dominate the performance of the entire system. This article provides an overview and outlook on the architecture, modeling, design, and performance of massively distributed antenna systems with non-ideal optical front-hauls. Complex interactions between optical front-hauls and wireless access links require optimum designs across the optical and wireless domains by jointly exploiting their unique characteristics. It is demonstrated that systems with analog radio-frequency-over-fiber (RFoF) links outperform their baseband-over-fiber (BBoF) or intermediate-frequency-over-fiber (IFoF) counterparts for systems with shorter fiber length and more RAPs, which are all desired properties for future wireless communication systems.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in the IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, 2020
Public values for improved water security for domestic and environmental use
Creators: name: Windle, Jill
name: Rolfe, John
name: Brouwer, Roy
name: Windle, Jill
name: Rolfe, John
name: Brouwer, Roy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: choice modelling
subject: water
subject: environment
subject: framing

description: Metrics for evaluating environmental trade-offs can be developed with varying levels of consistency across case study sites. A key issue is whether standard evaluation experiments can be conducted over multiple sites, or whether experiments have to be tailored to each case study application. To test how useful a consistent approach is, choice modelling (CM) has been used in a number of countries. Choice modelling assess the trade-offs households are prepared to make between water use restrictions, maintaining environmental conditions in waterways, and increased water costs. This research paper reports the results of the Queensland survey. The results show that it is not possible to downplay case study framing issues and that it is not appropriate to standardise applications across case studies that have different characteristics.