cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hybrid Mesons
Creators: name: Meyer, C. A.
name: Swanson, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review of the theoretical and experimental status of hybrid hadrons is presented. The states $π_1(1400)$, $π_1(1600)$, and $π_1(2015)$ are thoroughly reviewed, along with experimental results from GAMS, VES, Obelix, COMPASS, KEK, CLEO, Crystal Barrel, CLAS, and BNL. Theoretical lattice results on the gluelump spectrum, adiabatic potentials, heavy and light hybrids, and transition matrix elements are discussed. These are compared with bag, string, flux tube, and constituent gluon models. Strong and electromagnetic decay models are described and compared to lattice gauge theory results. We conclude that while good evidence for the existence of a light isovector exotic meson exists, its confirmation as a hybrid meson awaits discovery of its iso-partners. We also conclude that lattice gauge theory rules out a number of hybrid models and provides a reference to judge the success of others.
description: 60 pages, 32 figures, to be appear in Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. v2: additional discussion and references. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1004.5516
The cosmological simulation code $\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}\, 1.0$
Creators: name: Dakin, Jeppe
name: Hannestad, Steen
name: Tram, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present version 1.0 of the cosmological simulation code $\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}$, designed for simulations of large-scale structure formation. $\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}\, 1.0$ contains a P$^3$M gravity solver, with the short-range part implemented using a novel (sub)tiling strategy, coupled with individual and adaptive particle time-stepping. A primary objective of $\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}$ is ease of use. To this end, it has built-in initial condition generation and can produce output in the form of snapshots, power spectra and direct visualisations. $\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}$ is the first massively parallel cosmological simulation code written in Python. Despite of this, excellent performance is obtained, even comparing favourably to other codes such as $\scriptstyle{\rm GADGET}$ at similar precision, in the case of low to moderate clustering. By means of power spectrum comparisons we find extraordinary good agreement between $\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}\, 1.0$ and $\scriptstyle{\rm GADGET}$. At large and intermediate scales the codes agree to well below the per mille level, while the agreement at the smallest scales probed ($k \sim 13\, h/{\rm Mpc}$) is of the order of $1\, \%$. The $\scriptstyle{\rm CO}N{\rm CEPT}$ code is openly released and comes with a robust installation script as well as thorough documentation.
description: Matches the published MNRAS version. 27 pages, 13 figures. For the code, see https://github.com/jmd-dk/concept
Folktales of Senegal
Creators: name: Barsanti, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Griots
Senegal
Folk tales

description: Students will explore traditional folklore of Senegal, and make connections to familiar traditional folktales and to Griots. They will also read aloud a Readers Theater adaptation of “The Hunter and the Crocodile.”
Cognitive and emotional empathy after stimulation of brain mineralocorticoid and NMDA receptors in patients with major depression and healthy controls
Creators: name: Nowacki, Jan
name: Wingenfeld, Katja
name: Kaczmarczyk, Michael
name: Chae, Woo Ri
name: Abu-Tir, Ikram
name: Deuter, Christian Eric
name: Piber, Dominique
name: Hellmann-Regen, Julian
name: Otte, Christian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Depressive Disorder, Major
subject: Double-Blind Method
subject: Mineralocorticoids
subject: Receptors, Mineralocorticoid
subject: Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Mineralocorticoid receptors (MR) are predominantly expressed in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Both brain areas are associated with social cognition, which includes cognitive empathy (ability to understand others’ emotions) and emotional empathy (ability to empathize with another person). MR stimulation improves memory and executive functioning in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls, and leads to glutamate-mediated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R) signaling. We examined whether the beneficial effects of MR stimulation can be extended to social cognition (empathy), and whether DCS would have additional beneficial effects. In this double-blind placebo-controlled single-dose study, we randomized 116 unmedicated MDD patients (mean age 34 years, 78% women) and 116 age-, sex-, and education years-matched healthy controls to four conditions: MR stimulation (fludrocortisone (0.4 mg) + placebo), NMDA-R stimulation (placebo + D-cycloserine (250 mg)), MR and NMDA-R stimulation (both drugs), or placebo. Cognitive and emotional empathy were assessed by the Multifaceted Empathy Test. The study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03062150). MR stimulation increased cognitive empathy across groups, whereas NMDA-R stimulation decreased cognitive empathy in MDD patients only. Independent of receptor stimulation, cognitive empathy did not differ between groups. Emotional empathy was not affected by MR or NMDA-R stimulation. However, MDD patients showed decreased emotional empathy compared with controls but, according to exploratory analyses, only for positive emotions. We conclude that MR stimulation has beneficial effects on cognitive empathy in MDD patients and healthy controls, whereas NMDA-R stimulation decreased cognitive empathy in MDD patients. It appears that MR rather than NMDA-R are potential treatment targets to modulate cognitive empathy in MDD.
The mass and size of Herbig disks as seen by ALMA
Creators: name: Stapper, L.
name: Hogerheijde, M. R.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Mentel, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many population studies have been performed with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to understand the bulk properties of protoplanetary disks around young stars. The studied populations mostly consisted of G, K & M stars, with relatively few more massive Herbig stars. With GAIA updated distances, now is a good time to use ALMA archival data for a Herbig disk population study and take an important step forward in our understanding of planet formation. This work determines the masses and sizes of all Herbig dust disks observed with ALMA to date out to 450 pc. These masses and sizes are put into context of the Lupus and Upper Sco T Tauri disk populations. ALMA Band 6 and Band 7 archival data of 36 Herbig stars are used, making this work 64% complete excluding Orion. Using stellar parameters and distances the dust masses and sizes of the disks are determined and survival analysis is used to make cumulative distributions of the dust masses and radii. Herbig disks have a higher dust mass than the T Tauri disk populations of Lupus and Upper Sco by factors of $\sim3$ and $\sim7$ respectively. In addition, Herbig disks are often larger than the typical T Tauri disk. Although the masses and sizes of Herbig disks extend over a similar range as those of T Tauri disks, the distributions of masses and sizes of Herbig disks are significantly skewed toward higher values. Lastly, group I disks are more massive than group II disks. Based on these findings we speculate that these differences between Herbig and T Tauri disks find their origin in an initial disk mass that scales with the stellar mass, and that subsequent disk evolution enlarges the observable differences, especially if (sub)mm continuum optical depth plays a role. Moreover, the larger disk masses and sizes of Herbig stars could be linked to the increasing prevalence of giant planets with host star mass.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 17 pages, 11 figures, plus appendices
Some simple models for quark stars
Creators: name: Maharaj, S. D.
name: Sunzu, J. M.
name: Ray, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find two new classes of exact solutions for the Einstein-Maxwell equations. The solutions are obtained by considering charged anisotropic matter with a linear equation of state consistent with quark stars. The field equations are integrated by specifying forms for the measure of anisotropy and a gravitational potential which are physically reasonable. The solutions found generalize the Mark-Harko model and the Komathiraj-Maharaj model. A graphical analysis indicates that the matter variables are well behaved.
description: 18 pages, Submitted for publication
Seroepidemiology and risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection among household members of food processing and farm workers in North Carolina
Creators: name: Zivanovich, Miriana Moreno
name: Boyce, Ross M.
name: Lacayo, Roberto
name: Salgado, Emperatriz Morales
name: Strohminger, Stephen
name: Bhowmik, D. Ryan
name: Gurnett, Rachel
name: Juliano, Jonathan J.
name: Sciaudone, Michael
name: Castro-Arroyo, Edwin
name: Aiello, Allison E.
name: Markmann, Alena J.
name: Bowman, Natalie M.
name: McClean, Colleen M.
name: Kharabora, Oksana
name: Richardson, David
name: Murray, Katherine
name: Cutshaw, Melissa K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Background Racial and ethnic minorities have borne a disproportionate burden from COVID-19. Certain essential occupations, including food processing and farm work, employ large numbers of Hispanic migrant workers and have been shown to carry an especially high risk of infection. Methods We conducted an observational cohort study measuring the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and assessing risk factors for seropositivity among North Carolina food processing and farm workers and members of their households. Participants completed questionnaires and we collected blood samples and used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to assess SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out to identify risk factors associated with seropositivity, using generalized estimating equations to account for household clustering. Findings Among the 218 participants, 94.5% were Hispanic, and SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity was 50.0%. Most seropositive individuals did not report a history of illness compatible with COVID-19. Attending church, having a prior history of COVID-19, having a seropositive household member, and speaking Spanish as one's primary language were associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity, while preventive behaviors were not. Interpretation These findings underscore the substantial burden of COVID-19 among a population of mostly Hispanic essential workers and their households in rural North Carolina. Our study contributes to a large body of evidence showing that Hispanic Americans have suffered a disproportionate COVID-19 burden. We also highlight the epidemiologic importance of viral transmission within the household.
New textures for the lepton mass matrices
Creators: name: Ferreira, P. M.
name: Lavoura, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study predictive textures for the lepton mass matrices in which the charged-lepton mass matrix has either four or five zero matrix elements while the neutrino Majorana mass matrix has, respectively, either four or three zero matrix elements. We find that all the viable textures of these two kinds share many predictions: the neutrino mass spectrum is inverted, the sum of the light-neutrino masses is close to 0.1 eV, the Dirac phase $δ$ in the lepton mixing matrix is close to either $0$ or $π$, and the mass term responsible for neutrinoless double-beta decay lies in between 12 and 22 meV.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures
Rapid Simulations of Halo and Subhalo Clustering
Creators: name: Berner, Pascale
name: Refregier, Alexandre
name: Sgier, Raphael
name: Kacprzak, Tomasz
name: Tortorelli, Luca
name: Monaco, Pierluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of cosmological galaxy surveys requires realistic simulations for their interpretation. Forward modelling is a powerful method to simulate galaxy clustering without the need for an underlying complex model. This approach requires fast cosmological simulations with a high resolution and large volume, to resolve small dark matter halos associated to single galaxies. In this work, we present fast halo and subhalo clustering simulations based on the Lagrangian perturbation theory code PINOCCHIO, which generates halos and merger trees. The subhalo progenitors are extracted from the merger history and the survival of subhalos is modelled. We introduce a new fitting function for the subhalo merger time, which includes a redshift dependence of the fitting parameters. The spatial distribution of subhalos within their hosts is modelled using a number density profile. We compare our simulations with the halo finder ROCKSTAR applied to the full N-body code GADGET-2. The subhalo velocity function and the correlation function of halos and subhalos are in good agreement. We investigate the effect of the chosen number density profile on the resulting subhalo clustering. Our simulation is approximate yet realistic and significantly faster compared to a full N-body simulation combined with a halo finder. The fast halo and subhalo clustering simulations offer good prospects for galaxy forward models using subhalo abundance matching.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in JCAP
COVID-19 Outcomes Stratified by Control Status of Hypertension and Diabetes: Preliminary Findings From PCORnet, U.S
Creators: name: Rolka, Deborah B.
name: Thacker, Deepika
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Denson, Joshua L.
name: Block, Jason P.
name: Boehmer, Tegan K.
name: Jackson, Sandra L.
name: Chevinsky, Jennifer R.
name: Paranjape, Anuradha
name: Twentyman, Evelyn
name: Lekiachvili, Akaki
name: Carton, Thomas W.
name: Pavkov, Meda E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: INTRODUCTION: Hypertension and diabetes are associated with increased COVID-19 severity, yet less is known about COVID-19 outcomes across levels of disease control for these conditions. METHODS: All adults aged ≥20 years with COVID-19 between March 1, 2020 and March 15, 2021 in 42 healthcare systems in National Patient-Centered Clinical Research Network were identified. RESULTS: Among 656,049 adults with COVID-19, 41% had hypertension, and 13% had diabetes. Of patients with classifiable hypertension, 35% had blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, 40% had blood pressure of 130‒139/80‒89 mmHg, 21% had blood pressure of 140‒159/90‒99 mmHg, and 6% had blood pressure ≥160/100 mmHg. Severe COVID-19 outcomes were more prevalent among those with blood pressure of ≥160/100 than among those with blood pressure of 130-139/80-89, including hospitalization (23.7% [95% CI=23.0, 24.4] vs 11.7% [95% CI=11.5, 11.9]), receipt of critical care (5.5% [95% CI=5.0, 5.8] vs 2.4% [95% CI=2.3, 2.5]), receipt of mechanical ventilation (3.0% [95% CI=2.7, 3.3] vs 1.2% [95% CI=1.1, 1.3]), and 60-day mortality (4.6% [95% CI=4.2, 4.9] vs 1.8% [95% CI=1.7, 1.9]). Of patients with classifiable diabetes, 44% had HbA1c <7%, 35% had HbA1c 7% to <9%, and 21% had HbA1c ≥9%. Hospitalization prevalence was 31.3% (95% CI=30.7, 31.9) among those with HbA1c <7% vs 40.2% (95% CI=39.4, 41.1) among those with HbA1c ≥9%; other outcomes did not differ substantially by HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the importance of appropriate management of hypertension and diabetes, including during public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Flavor Seesaw Mechanism
Creators: name: Jana, Sudip
name: Klett, Sophie
name: Lindner, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Standard Model, Yukawa couplings parametrize the fermion masses and mixing angles with the exception of neutrino masses. The hierarchies and apparent regularities among the quark and lepton masses are, however, otherwise a mystery. We propose a new class of models having vector-like fermions that can potentially address this problem and provide a new mechanism for fermion mass generation. The masses of the third and second generations of quarks and leptons arise at tree level via the seesaw mechanism from new physics at moderately higher scales, while loop corrections produce the masses for the first generation. This mechanism has a number of interesting and testable consequences. Among them are unavoidable flavor-violating signals at the upcoming experiments and the fact that neutrinos have naturally only Dirac masses.
description: 25 pages + references, 5 figures, 5 tables, matches published version
Long-Term Production Prospects for Western Agriculture
Creators: name: Poli, Adon
name: Poli, Adon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use

description: Excerpt from the report Summary: Crop production in the West has been following the national trend by increasing steadily over the years. The same major productive factors which have stimulated national agricultural output have also stimulated that in the West, but irrigation has played a more significant role in the West. Index numbers of total crop production, crop production per acre, and cropland harvested in the West since 1940 and projected to 1975 show (1) that substantial increases in total crop production have occurred during the past 20 years and that further increases can be expected, (2) that expansion of total cropland acreage will not be as important a factor in increasing future production as it has been in the past, (3) that increased yields per acre by increased irrigation and improvement in other productive factors have been and will continue to be dominant in stimulating agricultural output.
Charged anisotropic models for quark stars
Creators: name: Sunzu, Jefta M.
name: Maharaj, Sunil D.
name: Ray, Subharthi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed physical analysis for a class of exact solutions for the Einstein-Maxwell equations. The linear equation of state consistent with quark stars has been incorporated in the model. The physical analysis of the exact solutions is performed by considering the charged anisotropic stars for the particular nonsingular exact model obtained by Maharaj, Sunzu and Ray. In performing such an analysis we regain masses obtained by previous researchers for isotropic and anisotropic matter. It is also indicated that other masses and radii may be generated which are in acceptable ranges consistent with observed values of stellar objects. A study of the mass-radius relation indicates the effect of the electromagnetic field and anisotropy on the mass of the relativistic star.
description: 11 pages, Submitted for publication
Validation of a German Version of Kelley’s (1992) Followership Questionnaire
Creators: name: Universitätsbibliothek Der FU Berlin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: followership
subject: questionnaire validation
subject: leadership
subject: active engagement
subject: critical thinking
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: While most leadership research takes the perspective of leaders influencing their followers, more recent research focused on the question how followers may influence their leaders. Kelley’s (1992) followership questionnaire was the first to assess followership behavior. To provide a basis for further research on followership in German-speaking countries, we conducted two studies to establish the psychometric properties of a German version of Kelley’s questionnaire. In Study 1, we explored the factorial structure of our translation in a heterogeneous employee sample (N = 451). In Study 2, we tested for convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity in another heterogeneous employee sample (N = 413). The results indicate satisfactory psychometric properties for two followership dimensions (i.e., active engagement and independent, critical thinking). Correlations of these two followership dimensions with other constructs were mostly in line with our expectations. We discuss the usefulness of the German followership questionnaire for research and practice.
‘If I am on ART, my new-born baby should be put on treatment immediately’: Exploring the acceptability, and appropriateness of Cepheid Xpert HIV-1 Qual assay for early infant diagnosis of HIV in Malawi
Creators: name: Alber, Dagmar
name: Mwapasa, Victor
name: Hosseinipour, Mina C.
name: Chagomerana, Maganizo
name: Msefula, Chisomo
name: Kumwenda, Moses Kelly
name: Fairley, Derek
name: Nyirenda-Nyang’wa, Maggie
name: Kennedy, Neil
name: Klein, Nigel
name: Horter, Shona
name: Mortimer, Kevin
name: Obasi, Angela
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Early infant diagnosis of HIV (EID-HIV) is key to reducing paediatric HIV mortality. Traditional approaches for diagnosing HIV in exposed infants are usually unable to optimally contribute to EID. Point-of-care testing such as Cepheid Xpert HIV-1 Qual assay-1 (XPertHIV) are available and could improve EID-HIV in resource constrained and high HIV burden contexts. We investigated the acceptability and perceived appropriateness of XpertHIV for EID-HIV in Mulanje Hospital, Malawi. Qualitative cross-sectional study using semi-structured interviews (SSI) among caregivers and health care workers at Mulanje District Hospital. The qualitative study was nested within a larger diagnostic study that evaluated the performance of XpertHIV using whole-blood-sample in a resource limited and high burden setting. A total of 65 SSIs were conducted among caregivers (n = 60) and health care providers (n = 5). Data were coded using deductive and inductive approaches while thematic approach was used to analyse data. Point-of-care XPertHIV was perceived to be acceptable among caregivers and health care providers. Caregivers’ motivations for accepting XPertHIV HIV-testing for their infants included perceived risk of HIV emanating from child’s exposure and validation of caregiver’s own HIV sero-status. Although concerns about pain of testing and blood sample volumes taken from an infant remained amplified, overall, both caregivers and health care providers felt XpertHIV was appropriate because of its quick result turn-around-time which decreased anxiety and stress, the prospect of early treatment initiation and reduction in hospital visits and related costs. Implementation of XpertHIV has a great potential to improve EID-HIV in Malawi because of its quick turn-around-time and associated benefits including overcoming access-related barriers. Scaled implementation of this diagnostic technology require a robust community engagement strategy for managing caregivers and community myths and misconceptions towards the amount of blood sample collected from infants.
Neuromorphic Camera Denoising using Graph Neural Network-driven Transformers
Creators: name: Alkendi, Yusra
name: Azzam, Rana
name: Ayyad, Abdulla
name: Javed, Sajid
name: Seneviratne, Lakmal
name: Zweiri, Yahya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neuromorphic vision is a bio-inspired technology that has triggered a paradigm shift in the computer-vision community and is serving as a key-enabler for a multitude of applications. This technology has offered significant advantages including reduced power consumption, reduced processing needs, and communication speed-ups. However, neuromorphic cameras suffer from significant amounts of measurement noise. This noise deteriorates the performance of neuromorphic event-based perception and navigation algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel noise filtration algorithm to eliminate events which do not represent real log-intensity variations in the observed scene. We employ a Graph Neural Network (GNN)-driven transformer algorithm, called GNN-Transformer, to classify every active event pixel in the raw stream into real-log intensity variation or noise. Within the GNN, a message-passing framework, called EventConv, is carried out to reflect the spatiotemporal correlation among the events, while preserving their asynchronous nature. We also introduce the Known-object Ground-Truth Labeling (KoGTL) approach for generating approximate ground truth labels of event streams under various illumination conditions. KoGTL is used to generate labeled datasets, from experiments recorded in chalenging lighting conditions. These datasets are used to train and extensively test our proposed algorithm. When tested on unseen datasets, the proposed algorithm outperforms existing methods by 8.8% in terms of filtration accuracy. Additional tests are also conducted on publicly available datasets to demonstrate the generalization capabilities of the proposed algorithm in the presence of illumination variations and different motion dynamics. Compared to existing solutions, qualitative results verified the superior capability of the proposed algorithm to eliminate noise while preserving meaningful scene events.
The boost-histogram package
Creators: name: Schreiner, Henry Fredrick
name: Dembinski, Hans Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The boost-histogram library provides first-class histogram objects in Python. You can compose axes and a storage to fit almost any problem. You can fill, manipulate, slice, and project then, and pass them between other Scikit-HEP libraries like Uproot4, mplhep, and histoprint. Boost-histogram is meant to be the "NumPy" of histogram libraries that others can build on; the "pandas" of histograms is "Hist", a physicist friendly front-end that extends and expands boost-histogram to do plotting and more. An early version of Hist is shown for the first time here.
Melt Production and Ejection From Lunar Intermediate-Sized Impact Craters: Where Is the Molten Material Deposited?
Creators: name: Liu, T.
name: Luther, R.
name: Manske, L.
name: Wünnemann, Kai
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Moon
subject: impact melt
subject: melt products
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Differently aged impact melt in lunar samples is key to unveiling the early bombardment history of the Moon. Due to the mixing of melt products ejected from distant craters, the interpretations of the origin of lunar samples are difficult. We use numerical modeling for a better quantitative understanding of the production of impact-induced melt and in particular its distribution in ejecta blankets for lunar craters with sizes ranging from 1.5 to 50 km. We approximate the lunar stratigraphy with a porosity gradient, which represents the gradual transition from upper regolith via megaregolith to the solid crustal material. For this lunar setting, we quantify the melt production relative to crater volume and derive parameters describing its increasing trend with increasing transient crater size. We found that about 30%–40% of the produced melt is ejected from the crater. The melt concentration in the ejecta blanket increases almost linearly with distance from the crater center, while the thickness of the ejecta blanket decreases following a power law. Our study demonstrates that if in lunar samples the concentration of a melt with a certain age is interpreted to be of a nonlocal origin, these melts could be the impact products of a large crater (>10 km) located hundreds of kilometers away.
Direct puncture of the carotid artery as a bailout vascular access technique for mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke—the revival of an old technique in a modern setting
Creators: name: Miszczuk, Milena
name: Bauknecht, Hans Christian
name: Kleine, Justus F.
name: Liebig, Thomas
name: Bohner, Georg
name: Siebert, Eberhard
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical thrombectomy
subject: Direct carotid puncture
subject: Stroke
subject: Large vessel occlusion
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: To describe our single-center experience of mechanical thrombectomy (MTE) via a direct carotid puncture (DCP) with regard to indication, time metrics, procedural details, as well as safety and efficacy aspects. Methods: DCP thrombectomy cases performed at our center were retrospectively identified from a prospectively maintained institutional MTE database. Various patient (age, sex, stroke cause, comorbidities), clinical (NIHSS, mRS), imaging (occlusion site, ASPECT score), procedural (indication for DCP, time from DCP to reperfusion, materials used, technical nuances), and outcome data (NIHSS, mRS) were tabulated. Results: Among 715 anterior circulation MTEs, 12 DCP-MTEs were identified and analyzed. Nine were left-sided M1 occlusions, one right-sided M1 occlusion, and two right-sided M2 occlusions. DCP was successfully carried out in 91.7%; TICI 2b/3-recanalization was achieved in 83.3% via direct lesional aspiration and/or stent-retrieval techniques. Median time from DCP to reperfusion was 23 min. Indications included futile transfemoral catheterization attempts of the cervical target vessels as well as iliac occlusive disease. Neck hematoma occurred in 2 patients, none of which required further therapy. Conclusion: MTE via DCP in these highly selected patients was reasonably safe, fast, and efficient. It thus represents a valuable technical extension of MTE, especially in patients with difficult access.
Effective Methods for Norm-Form Equations
Creators: name: Bajpai, Prajeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D57 (Primary) 11D45, 11J86, 11Y50 (Secondary)

description: While effective resolution of Thue equations has been well understood since the work of Baker in the 1960s, similar results for norm-form equations in more than two variables have proven difficult to achieve. In 1983, Vojta was able to address the case of three variables over totally complex and Galois number fields. In this paper, we extend his results to effectively resolve several new classes of norm-form equations. In particular, we completely and effectively settle the question of norm-form equations over totally complex Galois sextic fields.
description: Final version, accepted by Math Annalen. A few changes from the previous version-- in particular there is a new result that also applies over non-Galois extensions. The explicit example was removed and will appear elsewhere
Dark energy and dark matter perturbations in singular universes
Creators: name: Denkiewicz, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the evolution of density perturbations of dark matter and dark energy in cosmological models which admit future singularities in a finite time. Up to now geometrical tests of the evolution of the universe do not differentiate between singular universes and $Λ$CDM scenario. We solve perturbation equations using the gauge invariant formalism. The analysis shows that the detailed reconstruction of the evolution of perturbations within singular cosmologies, in the dark sector, exhibit important differences between the singular universes models and the $Λ$CDM cosmology. This is encouraging for further examination and gives hope for discriminating between those models with future galaxy weak lensing experiments like the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and Euclid or CMB observations like PRISM and CoRE.
description: 13 pages; slightly improved version
Supplemental Materials - Canagliflozin and fracture risk in patients with type 2 diabetes: results from the CANVAS Program
Creators: name: Zien Zhou
name: Jardine, Meg
name: Perkovic, Vlado
name: Matthews, David
name: Mahaffey, Kenneth W
name: Zeeuw, Dick De
name: Fulcher, Greg
name: Mehul Desai
name: Oh, Richard J.
name: Simpson, Roger
name: Watts, Nelson B.
name: Neal, Bruce
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental materials for the Zhou et al article entitled, "Canagliflozin and fracture risk in patients with
type 2 diabetes: results from the CANVAS Program"
واکاوی نقش رسانه ای شدن و مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت بر ادراک مشتری با توجه به نقش تعدیلگر ریسک شهرت (مورد مطالعه : مشتریان محصولات شرکت اروم آدا)
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: در دنیای رقابتی امروز مشتریان در کانون اصلی توجه شرکت ها قرار دارند. در این میان ادراک مشتری جنبه بسیار مهمی برای موفقیت هر شغلی اعم از بخش خدمات، کسب و کارهای تولیدی و شرکت های تجاری است. شرکت ها با حضور فعال در رسانه ها و همچنین مسئولیت پذیری اجتماعی باعث ایجاد شهرت مثبت و در نتیجه جذب مشتری می شوند. بر این اساس هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی نقش رسانه ای شدن و مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت بر روی ادراک مشتری با در نظر گرفتن نقش تعدیلگری ریسک شهرت در بین مشتریان محصولات اروم آدا در شهر ارومیه بوده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق را مشتریان محصولات اروم آدا در شهرارومیه تشکیل داده اند که از بین آنها 384 نفر بر اساس فرمول کوکران و به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی ساده جهت پاسخگویی به پرسشنامه انتخاب شدند. پرسشنامه مورداستفاده، استاندارد بوده و روایی صوری و محتوایی با نظرسنجی از اساتید محترم دانشگاه مورد تایید قرار گرفته، همچنین روایی همگرا، واگرا و تحلیل عاملی تاییدی نیز انجام شده است. برای محاسبه پایایی پرسشنامه از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شده است که مقدار آن برای کل پرسشنامه 932/0 محاسبه گردیده است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزارهای(اس.پی.اس.اس25و اسمارت پلس )شده است. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش به وضوح بیانگر تاثیر مثبت و معنی دار رسانه ای شدن و مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت برروی ادراک مشتری می باشد همچنین تاثیر تعدیل کنندگی ریسک شهرت بر رابطه بین رسانه ای شدن و مسئولیت اجتماعی شرکت بر روی ادراک مشتری مورد تایید قرار گرفت
Providing Python Bindings For Complex and Feature-Rich C and C++ Libraries
Creators: name: Schwinzerl, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Python is increasingly becoming the language of choice for a wide range of applications within the scientific community. For performance critical and high-performance computing (HPC) related tasks, however, it is still beneficial to develop critical code paths in a statically typed language like C or C++ and to then provide bindings to Python. In this talk, we present different options (e.g. ctypes, pybind11, cppyy) to provide these bindings, using both a simple demo library and SixTrackLib, an existing real-world high-performance C/C++ library as examples. SixTrackLib in particular features multiple computing back-ends and a complex set of dependencies and configuration options which have to remain accessible to the users of the Python bindings. We compare the ease of use, support for modularity, and resulting performance across the different binding strategies. Moreover, we consider the interaction of the binding generation process with a build-system like CMake. We devote special attention to strategies and practices ensuring the consistent application of compiler options and sketch strategies for seamlessly performing library installations.
On geometric aspects of diffuse groups
Creators: name: Kionke, Steffen
name: Raimbault, Jean
name: Dunfield, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 22E40, Secondary 57M07, 20F65

description: Bowditch introduced the notion of diffuse groups as a geometric variation of the unique product property. We elaborate on various examples and non-examples, keeping the geometric point of view from Bowditch's paper. In particular, we discuss fundamental groups of flat and hyperbolic manifolds. The appendix settles an open question by providing an example of a group which is diffuse but not left-orderable.
description: 37 pages, main text by Kionke and Raimbault, appendix by Dunfield. v2 : updated ancillary files and added url to the references
Cross-cultural adaptation and content validation of the Infant Feeding Intentions Scale for Thai pregnant women
Creators: name: Phonyiam, Ratchanok
name: Kamkhoad, Donruedee
name: Palmquist, Aunchalee E. L.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: This study aimed to validate a translated and culturally adapted version of the Infant Feeding Intentions (IFI) Scale for use in Thailand. Prenatal breastfeeding intention is a strong indicator of breastfeeding initiation. The stronger the intention to breastfeed among pregnant women, the more likely breastfeeding will be initiated after childbirth and continue for an extended period. There are currently no IFI scales that have been validated for use in Thailand. The translation of the IFI scale from English to Thai was conducted through a six-stage approach that included initial translation, synthesis of translations, back-translation, expert committee review for content validity, reliability testing, and submission of the translated IFI to notify the scale developers. Both Item and Scale Content Validity Indices equaled 1, scored by five experts, who also validated the content for cross-cultural adaptation. The final Thai IFI (T-IFI) scale demonstrated high content validity. A total of 30 Thai pregnant women participated in the reliability testing. The Cronbach’s alpha of the 5-item T-IFI scale was 0.857, which indicated satisfactory internal consistency. The T-IFI scale demonstrated high content validity and was culturally appropriate for use in a Thai-speaking population. It has potential to strengthen assessments of prenatal infant feeding intention among pregnant women in Thailand.
Psychosocial services provided by licensed cardiac rehabilitation programs
Creators: name: Kucharska-Newton, Anna
name: Cyr, Julianne M.
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Aylward, Aileen
name: Bush, Montika
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2023

description: Background Professional health organizations recommend that outpatient cardiac rehabilitation programs include activities to optimize the physical, mental, and social well-being of patients. The study objectives were to describe among cardiac rehabilitation programs (1) mental health assessments performed; (2) psychosocial services offered; and (3) leadership's perception of barriers to psychosocial services offerings. Methods A cross-sectional survey of North Carolina licensed outpatient cardiac rehabilitation programs on their 2018 services was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize survey responses. Thematic analysis of free text questions related to barriers to programmatic establishment or expansion of psychosocial services was performed by two team members until consensus was reached. Results Sixty-eight programs (89%) responded to the survey. Forty-eight programs (70%) indicated offering psychosocial services; however, a majority (73%) of programs reported not directly billing for those services. At program enrollment, mental health was assessed in 94% of programs of which 92% repeated the assessment at discharge. Depression was assessed with the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire by a majority (75%) of programs. Psychosocial services included individual counseling (59%), counseling referrals (49%), and educational classes (29%). Directors reported lack of internal resources (92%) and patient beliefs (45%) as the top barriers to including or expanding psychosocial services at their facilities. Conclusions Cardiac rehabilitation programs routinely assess mental health but lack the resources to establish or expand psychosocial services. Interventions aimed at improving patient education and reducing stigma of mental health are important public health opportunities.
Reflexive constructions in the world's languages
Creators: name: Janic, Katarzyna (Ed.)
name: Puddu, Nicoletta (Ed.)
name: Haspelmath, Martin (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: diverse language types
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Synopsis: This landmark publication brings together 28 papers on reflexive constructions in languages from all continents, representing very diverse language types. While reflexive constructions have been discussed in the past from a variety of angles, this is the first edited volume of its kind. All the chapters are based on original data, and they are broadly comparable through a common terminological framework. The volume opens with two introductory chapters by the editors that set the stage and lay out the main comparative concepts, and it concludes with a chapter presenting generalizations on the basis of the studies of individual languages.
Farm Prices of Apples for Canning and Freezing, United States, 1951-61
Creators: name: Pasour, E. C.
name: Oldenstadt, D. L.
name: Pasour, E. C.
name: Oldenstadt, D. L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpt from the report Preface: "Canning and freezing" apples are a significant source of income to many apple producers. Historically, farm prices of apples going into these outlets have fluctuated widely from year to year. In recent years, however, only a few empirical studies have been made to explain these price variations. This publication attempts to isolate and measure the major factors associated with changes in farm prices of canning and freezing apples. Information of this nature should aid producers and processors in making marketing decisions.
Non-Arrhenius barrier crossing dynamics of non-equilibrium non-Markovian systems
Creators: name: Lavacchi, Laura
name: Daldrop, Jan O.
name: Netz, Roland R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: non-equilibrium non-Markovian systems
subject: non-Arrhenius barrier crossing dynamics
subject: one-dimensional massive coordinate
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The non-equilibrium non-Markovian barrier crossing dynamics of a one-dimensional massive coordinate, described by the non-equilibrium version of the generalized Langevin equation with unequal random and friction relaxation times, is studied by simulations and analytical methods. Within a harmonic approximation, a general formula for the barrier crossing time is derived which agrees favorably with simulations. Non-equilibrium random forces with a relaxation time longer than the friction relaxation time induce non-Arrhenius behavior and dramatically increase the barrier crossing time; within the harmonic theory this corresponds to a reduced effective temperature which also modifies the spatial and velocity distributions.
Improving Pre-movement Pattern Detection with Filter Bank Selection
Creators: name: Jia, Hao
name: Sun, Zhe
name: Duan, Feng
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Caiafa, Cesar F.
name: Solé-Casals, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pre-movement decoding plays an important role in movement detection and is able to detect movement onset with low-frequency electroencephalogram (EEG) signals before the limb moves. In related studies, pre-movement decoding with standard task-related component analysis (STRCA) has been demonstrated to be efficient for classification between movement state and resting state. However, the accuracies of STRCA differ among subbands in the frequency domain. Due to individual differences, the best subband differs among subjects and is difficult to be determined. This study aims to improve the performance of the STRCA method by a feature selection on multiple subbands and avoid the selection of best subbands. This study first compares three frequency range settings ($M_1$: subbands with equally spaced bandwidths; $M_2$: subbands whose high cut-off frequencies are twice the low cut-off frequencies; $M_3$: subbands that start at some specific fixed frequencies and end at the frequencies in an arithmetic sequence.). Then, we develop a mutual information based technique to select the features in these subbands. A binary support vector machine classifier is used to classify the selected essential features. The results show that $M_3$ is a better setting than the other two settings. With the filter banks in $M_3$, the classification accuracy of the proposed FBTRCA achieves 0.8700$\pm$0.1022, which means a significantly improved performance compared to STRCA (0.8287$\pm$0.1101) as well as to the cross validation and testing method (0.8431$\pm$0.1078).
Air-stable aryl derivatives of pentafluoroorthotellurate
Creators: name: Wegener, Daniel
name: Hoffmann, Kurt F.
name: Pérez-Bitrián, Alberto
name: Bayindir, Ilayda
name: Hadi, Amiera N.
name: Wiesner, Anja
name: Riedel, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: pentafluoroorthotellurate
subject: fluorinated aryl groups
subject: non-fluorinated aryl groups
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: We report on two different sets of air-stable derivatives of pentafluoroorthotellurate containing fluorinated and non-fluorinated aryl groups. The acid cis-PhTeF4OH was obtained in gram scale and further transformed to Ag[cis-PhTeF4O], which was used as a cis-PhTeF4O transfer reagent to obtain [PPh4][cis-PhTeF4O]. Furthermore, the synthesis of trans-(C6F5)2TeF3OH was achieved by a selective hydrolysis of trans-(C6F5)2TeF4 in the presence of KF and subsequent protonation by aHF. Quantum-chemical calculations show a higher acidity and robustness against fluoride abstraction for trans-(C6F5)2TeF3OH compared to cis-PhTeF4OH.