cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Orbital features of distant trans-Neptunian objects induced by giant gaseous clumps
Creators: name: Emel'yanenko, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The discovery of distant trans-Neptunian objects has led to heated discussions about the structure of the outer Solar System. Aims: We study the dynamical evolution of small bodies from the Hill regions of migrating giant gaseous clumps that form in the outer solar nebula via gravitational fragmentation. We attempt to determine whether the observed features of the orbital distribution of distant trans-Neptunian objects could be caused by this process. Methods: We consider a simple model that includes the Sun, two point-like giant clumps with masses of ~ 10 Jupiter masses, and a set of massless objects initially located in the Hill regions of these clumps. We carry out numerical simulations of the motions of small bodies under gravitational perturbations from two giant clumps that move in elliptical orbits and approach each other. The orbital distribution of these small bodies is compared with the observed distribution of distant trans-Neptunian objects. Results: In addition to the known grouping in longitudes of perihelion, we note new features for observed distant trans-Neptunian objects. The observed orbital distribution points to the existence of two groups of distant trans-Neptunian objects with different dynamical characteristics. We show that the main features of the orbital distribution of distant trans-Neptunian objects can be explained by their origin in the Hill regions of migrating giant gaseous clumps. Small bodies are ejected from the Hill regions when the giant clumps move in high-eccentricity orbits and have a close encounter with each other. Conclusions: The resulting orbital distribution of small bodies in our model and the observed distribution of distant trans-Neptunian objects have similar features.
Effective Sample Size: Quick Estimation of the Effect of Related Samples in Genetic Case-Control Association Analyses
Creators: name: Yang, Yaning
name: Remmers, Elaine F.
name: Ogunwole, Chukwuma B.
name: Kastner, Daniel L.
name: Gregersen, Peter K.
name: Li, Wentian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Affected relatives are essential for pedigree linkage analysis, however, they cause a violation of the independent sample assumption in case-control association studies. To avoid the correlation between samples, a common practice is to take only one affected sample per pedigree in association analysis. Although several methods exist in handling correlated samples, they are still not widely used in part because these are not easily implemented, or because they are not widely known. We advocate the effective sample size method as a simple and accessible approach for case-control association analysis with correlated samples. This method modifies the chi-square test statistic, p-value, and 95% confidence interval of the odds-ratio by replacing the apparent number of allele or genotype counts with the effective ones in the standard formula, without the need for specialized computer programs. We present a simple formula for calculating effective sample size for many types of relative pairs and relative sets. For allele frequency estimation, the effective sample size method captures the variance inflation exactly. For genotype frequency, simulations showed that effective sample size provides a satisfactory approximation. A gene which is previously identified as a type 1 diabetes susceptibility locus, the interferon-induced helicase gene (IFIH1), is shown to be significantly associated with rheumatoid arthritis when the effective sample size method is applied. This significant association is not established if only one affected sib per pedigree were used in the association analysis. Relationship between the effective sample size method and other methods -- the generalized estimation equation, variance of eigenvalues for correlation matrices, and genomic controls -- are discussed.
description: 3 figures
Polarization ququarts
Creators: name: Bogdanov, Yu. I.
name: Moreva, E. V.
name: Maslennikov, G. A.
name: Galeev, R. F.
name: Straupe, S. S.
name: Kulik, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the concept of polarization states of four-dimensional quantum systems based on frequency non-degenerate biphoton field. Several quantum tomography protocols were developed and implemented for measurement of an arbitrary state of ququart. A simple method that does not rely on interferometric technique is used to generate and measure the sequence of states that can be used for quantum communication purposes.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Identifying the effect of a mis-classified, binary, endogenous regressor
Creators: name: DiTraglia, Francis J.
name: Garcia-Jimeno, Camilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper studies identification of the effect of a mis-classified, binary, endogenous regressor when a discrete-valued instrumental variable is available. We begin by showing that the only existing point identification result for this model is incorrect. We go on to derive the sharp identified set under mean independence assumptions for the instrument and measurement error. The resulting bounds are novel and informative, but fail to point identify the effect of interest. This motivates us to consider alternative and slightly stronger assumptions: we show that adding second and third moment independence assumptions suffices to identify the model.
Magnetic fullerenes inside single-wall carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Simon, F.
name: Kuzmany, H.
name: Nafradi, B.
name: Feher, T.
name: Forro, L.
name: Fulop, F.
name: Janossy, A.
name: Korecz, L.
name: Rockenbauer, A.
name: Hauke, F.
name: Hirsch, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: C59N magnetic fullerenes were formed inside single-wall carbon nanotubes by vacuum annealing functionalized C59N molecules encapsulated inside the tubes. A hindered, anisotropic rotation of C59N was deduced from the temperature dependence of the electron spin resonance spectra near room temperature. Shortening of spin-lattice relaxation time, T_1, of C59N indicates a reversible charge transfer toward the host nanotubes above $\sim 350$ K. Bound C59N-C60 heterodimers are formed at lower temperatures when C60 is co-encapsulated with the functionalized C59N. In the 10-300 K range, T_1 of the heterodimer shows a relaxation dominated by the conduction electrons on the nanotubes.
[Undescribed tape]
Creators: name: Levy, Laurence
name: Halpern, Abraham M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: yum

description: 2 WAV files. Tape indicated to be copy (source unknown). For associated notebook, see Margaret Langdon Papers (Bancroft Library), carton 11, folder 25. Digitization by The Audio Archive (Burlingame, California).
In-Situ Studies of Stress Environment in Amorphous Solids Using Negatively Charged Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in Nanodiamond
Creators: name: Ho, Kin On
name: Leung, Man Yin
name: Pang, Yiu Yung
name: Wong, King Cho
name: Ng, Ping Him
name: Yang, Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amorphous solids, which show characteristic differences from crystals, are common in daily usage. Glasses, gels, and polymers are familiar examples, and polymers are particularly important in terms of their role in construction and crafting. Previous studies have mainly focused on the bulk properties of polymeric products, and the local properties are less discussed. Here, we designed a distinctive protocol using the negatively charged nitrogen vacancy center in nanodiamond to study properties inside polymeric products in situ. Choosing the curing of poly dimethylsiloxane and the polymerization of cyanoacrylate as subjects of investigation, we measured the time dependence of local pressure and strain in the materials during the chemical processes. From the measurements, we were able to probe the local shear stress inside the two polymeric substances in situ. By regarding the surprisingly large shear stress as the internal tension, we attempted to provide a microscopic explanation for the ultimate tensile strength of a bulk solid. Our current methodology is applicable to any kind of transparent amorphous solids with the stress in the order of MPa and to the study of in situ properties in nanoscale. With better apparatus, we expect the limit can be pushed to sub-MPa scale.
Investigation of kalilo-like plasmids in Neurospora and Gelasinospora
Creators: name: He, Cynthia Yingxin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Mitochondrial DNA plasmids sharing great sequence homology with the senescenceinducing kalilo plasmid have been identified in natural isolates of Neurospora crassa, Neurospora intermedia, Neurospora tetrasperma, Neurospora discreta and a Neurospora-related genus Gelasinospora. Restriction enzyme analysis and sequence analysis have revealed that these plasmids are closely related by descent from a common ancestral plasmid. The phylogenetic tree constructed on the basis of the terminal inverted repeat sequences of the kalilo-like plasmids correlates well with the established taxonomy of their host fungi. The attempt to transfer kalilo-like plasmids to standard lab strains of N. crassa has had limited success. Only a few transferrants were obtained and they all proved to be unstable. Therefore, the comparison of plasmid function can not yet be made at the plasmid level with identical mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA background. However, the comparison of plasmid TIR sequences reveals some interesting features which may be relevant to the plasmid function. The failure of plasmid transfer indicates that horizontal transfer must be a rare event, though it may be evolutionarily significant as to contribute to the current distribution pattern of kalilo-related plasmids.
Group theoretic approach to cyclic cubic fields
Creators: name: Aouissi, Siham
name: Mayer, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R16, 11R20, 11R27, 11R29, 11R37, 20D15

description: Let (k1,k2,k3,k4) be a quartet of cyclic cubic number fields sharing a common conductor c=pqr divisible by exactly three prime(power)s p,q,r. For those components k of the quartet whose 3-class group Cl(3,k) = Z/3Z x Z/3Z is elementary bicyclic, the automorphism group M = Gal(F(3,2,k)/k) of the maximal metabelian unramified 3-extension of k is determined by conditions for cubic residue symbols between p,q,r and for ambiguous principal ideals in subfields of the common absolute 3-genus field k* of k1,k2,k3,k4. With the aid of the relation rank d2(M), it is decided whether M coincides with the Galois group G = Gal(F(3,infinity,k)/k) of the maximal unramified pro-3-extension of k.
description: 46 pages, 21 tables
On the transport operators arising from linearizing the Vlasov-Poisson or Einstein-Vlasov system about isotropic steady states
Creators: name: Rein, Gerhard
name: Straub, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 85A05, 47F05, 35B35, 35Q75

description: If the Vlasov-Poisson or Einstein-Vlasov system is linearized about an isotropic steady state, a linear operator arises the properties of which are relevant in the linear as well as nonlinear stability analysis of the given steady state. We prove that when defined on a suitable Hilbert space and equipped with the proper domain of definition this transport operator $\mathcal{T}$ is skew-adjoint, i.e., $\mathcal{T}^{\ast}=-\mathcal{T}$. In the Vlasov-Poisson case we also determine the kernel of this operator.
Electronic structure of zaykovite Rh$_3$Se$_4$, prediction and analysis of physical properties of related materials: Pd$_3$Se$_4$, Ir$_3$Se$_4$, and Pt$_3$Se$_4$
Creators: name: Taran, Leonid S.
name: Eremeev, Sergey V.
name: Streltsov, Sergey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we explore the electronic properties and chemical bonding in the recently discovered mineral zaykovite, the first natural rhodium selenide Rh$_3$Se$_4$. We comprehensively studied the bulk electronic structure, hybridization of rhodium and selenium orbitals, and the influence of spin-orbit interaction on the electronic spectrum, as well as inspected its topological properties. Besides, we investigated the surface electronic structure of zaykovite and revealed the anisotropic Rashba-type spin splitting in the surface states. In addition, using calculations of the phonon spectra and enthalpy of formation we predicted the family of similar selenides based on other $4d$ and $5d$ transition metals such as Ir, Pd, and Pt. The structural and electronic properties of these materials are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, to be published in The Journal of Chemical Physics
Investigation of g_f0-rho-gamma and g_a0-rho-gamma coupling constants in light cone sum rules
Creators: name: Yilmaz, C. Aydin M. Bayar A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the coupling constant f0-->rho-gamma of and a0-->rho-gamma decays from the point of the light cone QCD sum rules. We estimate the coupling constants g_f0-rho-gamma and g_a0-rho-gamma which are an essential ingredient in the analysis of physical processes involving isoscalar f0(980) and isovector a0(980) mesons.
description: 15 pages- 5 figures
Letter from Jo Prichard to Jim [James Goldie], February 16, 1908
Creators: name: Prichard, Jo
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description:  Letter to James Goldie from Jo Prichard in Campbellton, N.B., dated February 16, 1908; written on Hotel Minto letter head. The letter speaks of mutual friends of the two in the Maritime provinces, and how they are all inquiring about Goldie's wellbeing.
Triangle-generation in topological D-brane categories
Creators: name: Carqueville, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tachyon condensation in topological Landau-Ginzburg models can generally be studied using methods of commutative algebra and properties of triangulated categories. The efficiency of this approach is demonstrated by explicitly proving that every D-brane system in all minimal models of type ADE can be generated from only one or two fundamental branes.
description: 34 pages
Pole skipping in holographic theories with gauge and fermionic fields
Creators: name: Ning, Sirui
name: Wang, Diandian
name: Wang, Zi-Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using covariant expansions, recent work showed that pole skipping happens in general holographic theories with bosonic fields at frequencies $\mathrm{i}(l_b-s) 2πT$, where $l_b$ is the highest integer spin in the theory and $s$ takes all positive integer values. We revisit this formalism in theories with gauge symmetry and upgrade the pole-skipping condition so that it works without having to remove the gauge redundancy. We also extend the formalism by incorporating fermions with general spins and interactions and show that their presence generally leads to a separate tower of pole-skipping points at frequencies $\mathrm{i}(l_f-s)2πT$, $l_f$ being the highest half-integer spin in the theory and $s$ again taking all positive integer values. We also demonstrate the practical value of this formalism using a selection of examples with spins $0,\frac{1}{2},1,\frac{3}{2},2$.
description: 42 pages; v2: matches published version
Is Bohr's Correspondence Principle just Hankel's Principle of Permanence?
Creators: name: Toader, Iulian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: No, but the paper argues that Bohr understood his correspondence principle, or at least an aspect of that principle expressed by the notion of rational generalization, as grounded in Hankel's principle of permanence, adapted to new historical and theoretical contexts. This is shown to illuminate some otherwise obscure aspects of Bohr's approach to quantum theory, as well as a seemingly strange criticism against this approach, due to Feyerabend and Bohm.
description: 27 pages
Solution of the Lindblad Equation in the Kraus Representation
Creators: name: Nakazato, H.
name: Hida, Y.
name: Yuasa, K.
name: Militello, B.
name: Napoli, A.
name: Messina, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The so-called Lindblad equation, a typical master equation describing the dissipative quantum dynamics, is shown to be solvable for finite-level systems in a compact form without resort to writing it down as a set of equations among matrix elements. The solution is then naturally given in an operator form, known as the Kraus representation. Following a few simple examples, the general applicability of the method is clarified.
description: 9 pages
Constructing a counterexample to the black hole complementarity
Creators: name: Yeom, Dong-han
name: Zoe, Heeseung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a regular black hole whose inside generates a de Sitter space and then is finally frustrated into a singularity. It is a modified model which was suggested originally by Frolov, Markov, and Mukhanov. In our model, we could adjust a regular black hole so that its period before going into the extreme state is much longer than the information retention time. During this period an observer could exist who observes the information of the Hawking radiation, falls freely into the regular center of the black hole, and finally meets the free-falling information again. The existence of such an observer implies that the complementary view may not be consistent with a regular black hole, and therefore, is not appropriate as a generic principle of black hole physics.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Delineazione automatica di strutture cerebrali in pazienti sottoposti a radioterapia per tumori primitivi encefalici: dall'atlante all'istogramma dose-volume
Creators: name: Conson, Manuel
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Scopo: Implementare e validare una procedura automatizzata di segmentazione basata su atlanti effettuata su immagini di risonanza magnetica (MRI-ABAS) intesa per la definizione di formazioni grigie corticali e sottocorticali, e utilizzabile per valutazioni dosimetriche in pazienti affetti da tumori encefalici e sottoposti a radioterapia.
Pazienti e Metodi: Sono state utilizzate immagini di risonanza magnetica acquisite per dieci pazienti affetti da tumore cerebrale prima dell'inizio della RT. MRI ABAS consiste di due momenti fondamentali: la procedura di classificazione della sostanza grigia e la definizione delle regioni di interesse basata sull'utilizzo di atlanti. L'algoritmo Simultaneous Truth and Performance Level Estimation (STAPLE) è stato applicato alle strutture delineate manualmente da quattro diversi operatori con lo scopo di generare uno standard di riferimento. Per la valutazione della efficienza di MRI-ABAS sono state utilizzate cinque misure geometriche (incluso il coefficiente di similarità di Dice, DSC) e tre diversi parametri dosimetrici.
Risultati: Confrontato con la delineazione manuale, MRI-ABAS ha mostrato un'eccellente riproducibilità [valori mediani di DSCMRI-ABAS= 1 (95% CI, 0.97-1.0) vs. DSCMANUALE= 0.90 (0.73-0.98)], un'accuratezza accettabile [DSCMRI-ABAS= 0.81 (0.68-0.94) vs. DSCMANUALE= 0.90 (0.76-0.98)] e una riduzione dei tempi di delineazione di circa il 90%. I parametri dosimetrici ottenuti dall'analisi degli istogrammi dose-volume per MRI ABAS sono risultati comparabili a quelli ottenuti con la metodica manuale.
Conclusioni: Le caratteristiche di rapidità, riproducibilità e robustezza fanno della procedura MRI-ABAS un utile strumento per la valutazione degli effetti legati all'irradiazione in strutture encefaliche "non-target". Inoltre, della procedura automatizzata proposta va sottolineato il vantaggio legato alla possibilità di ottenere numerosi dati in maniera standardizzata con tempi di elaborazione ridotti.
Multi-modal Medical Image Fusion For Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Classification
Creators: name: Hassan, Salma
name: Hammadi, Hamad Al
name: Mohammed, Ibrahim
name: Khan, Muhammad Haris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The early detection and nuanced subtype classification of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a predominant cause of cancer mortality worldwide, is a critical and complex issue. In this paper, we introduce an innovative integration of multi-modal data, synthesizing fused medical imaging (CT and PET scans) with clinical health records and genomic data. This unique fusion methodology leverages advanced machine learning models, notably MedClip and BEiT, for sophisticated image feature extraction, setting a new standard in computational oncology. Our research surpasses existing approaches, as evidenced by a substantial enhancement in NSCLC detection and classification precision. The results showcase notable improvements across key performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Specifically, our leading multi-modal classifier model records an impressive accuracy of 94.04%. We believe that our approach has the potential to transform NSCLC diagnostics, facilitating earlier detection and more effective treatment planning and, ultimately, leading to superior patient outcomes in lung cancer care.
Nuclear spin squeezing in Helium-3 by continuous quantum nondemolition measurement
Creators: name: Serafin, Alan
name: Fadel, Matteo
name: Treutlein, Philipp
name: Sinatra, Alice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a technique to control the macroscopic collective nuclear spin of a Helium-3 vapor in the quantum regime using light. The scheme relies on metastability exchange collisions to mediate interactions between optically accessible metastable states and the ground-state nuclear spin, giving rise to an effective nuclear spin-light quantum nondemolition interaction of the Faraday form. Our technique enables measurement-based quantum control of nuclear spins, such as the preparation of spin-squeezed states. This, combined with the day-long coherence time of nuclear spin states in Helium-3, opens the possibility for a number of applications in quantum technology.
Hydrocarbon chemistry in inner regions of planet forming disks
Creators: name: Kanwar, Jayatee
name: Kamp, Inga
name: Woitke, Peter
name: Rab, Christian
name: Thi, Wing-Fai
name: Min, Michiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of the mid-infrared spectra helps understanding the composition of the gas in the inner, dense and warm terrestrial planet forming region of disks around young stars. ALMA has detected hydrocarbons in the outer regions of the planet forming disk and Spitzer detected \ce{C2H2} in the inner regions. JWST- MIRI provides high spectral resolution observations of \ce{C2H2} and a suite of more complex hydrocarbons are now reported. Interpreting the fluxes observed in the spectra is challenging and radiation thermo-chemical codes are needed to properly take into account the disk structure, radiative transfer, chemistry and thermal balance. Various disk physical parameters like the gas-to-dust ratio, dust evolution including radial drift, dust growth and settling can affect the fluxes observed in the mid-IR. Still, thermo-chemical disk models were not always successful in matching all observed molecular emission bands simultaneously. The goal of this project is two-fold. We analyse the warm carbon chemistry in the inner regions of the disk, i.e. within 10 au to find pathways forming \ce{C2H2} potentially missing from the existing chemical networks. Second, we analyse the effect of the new chemistry on the line fluxes of acetylene. We use radiative thermo-chemical disk code {P{\small RO}D{\small I}M{\small O}} to expand the hydrocarbon chemistry that occurs in a typical standard T Tauri disks. We used the UMIST and the KIDA rate databases for collecting reactions for the species. We include a number of three-body and thermal decomposition reactions from STAND2020 network. We included isotopomers for the species that were present in the databases. The chemistry is then analysed in the regions that produce observable features in the mid-infrared spectra. The effect of expanding the hydrocarbon chemistry on the mid-infrared spectra is studied. Acetylene is formed via two ....
description: accepted for publication in A&A
Evolution of Thick Walls in Curved Spacetimes
Creators: name: Khosravi, Shahram
name: Khakshournia, Samad
name: Mansouri, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize our previous thick shell formalism to incorporate any codimension-1 thick wall with a peculiar velocity and proper thickness bounded by arbitrary spacetimes. Within this new formulation we obtain the equation of motion of a spherically symmetric dust thick shell immersed in vacuum as well as in Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetimes.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Statistical Inference for Online Decision-Making: In a Contextual Bandit Setting
Creators: name: Chen, Haoyu
name: Lu, Wenbin
name: Song, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online decision-making problem requires us to make a sequence of decisions based on incremental information. Common solutions often need to learn a reward model of different actions given the contextual information and then maximize the long-term reward. It is meaningful to know if the posited model is reasonable and how the model performs in the asymptotic sense. We study this problem under the setup of the contextual bandit framework with a linear reward model. The $\varepsilon$-greedy policy is adopted to address the classic exploration-and-exploitation dilemma. Using the martingale central limit theorem, we show that the online ordinary least squares estimator of model parameters is asymptotically normal. When the linear model is misspecified, we propose the online weighted least squares estimator using the inverse propensity score weighting and also establish its asymptotic normality. Based on the properties of the parameter estimators, we further show that the in-sample inverse propensity weighted value estimator is asymptotically normal. We illustrate our results using simulations and an application to a news article recommendation dataset from Yahoo!.
description: Accepted by the Journal of the American Statistical Association
On the Northcott property for infinite extensions
Creators: name: Widmer, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11R04, 11G50 Secondary 11R06, 11R20, 37P30

description: We start with a brief survey on the Northcott property for subfields of the algebraic numbers $\Qbar$. Then we introduce a new criterion for its validity (refining the author's previous criterion), addressing a problem of Bombieri. We show that Bombieri and Zannier's theorem, stating that the maximal abelian extension of a number field $K$ contained in $K^{(d)}$ has the Northcott property, follows very easily from this refined criterion. Here $K^{(d)}$ denotes the composite field of all extensions of $K$ of degree at most $d$.
Probing the Galactic Diffuse Continuum Emission with COSI
Creators: name: Karwin, Christopher
name: Siegert, Thomas
name: Beechert, Jacqueline
name: Tomsick, John
name: Porter, Troy
name: Negro, Michela
name: Kierans, Carolyn
name: Ajello, Marco
name: Castellanos, Israel Martinez
name: Shih, Albert
name: Zoglauer, Andreas
name: Boggs, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2016 the Compton Spectrometer and Imager (COSI) had a successful 46-day flight onboard NASA's Super Pressure Balloon platform. In this work we report measurements of the Galactic diffuse continuum emission (GDCE) observed towards the inner Galaxy during the flight, which in the COSI energy band (0.2 - 5 MeV) is primarily generated from inverse Compton radiation. Within uncertainties we find overall good agreement with previous measurements from INTEGRAL/SPI and COMPTEL. Based on these initial findings, we discuss the potential for further probing the GDCE with the 2016 COSI balloon data, as well as prospects for the upcoming satellite mission.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A Framework for Eliciting, Incorporating, and Disciplining Identification Beliefs in Linear Models
Creators: name: DiTraglia, Francis J.
name: Garcia-Jimeno, Camilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: To estimate causal effects from observational data, an applied researcher must impose beliefs. The instrumental variables exclusion restriction, for example, represents the belief that the instrument has no direct effect on the outcome of interest. Yet beliefs about instrument validity do not exist in isolation. Applied researchers often discuss the likely direction of selection and the potential for measurement error in their articles but lack formal tools for incorporating this information into their analyses. Failing to use all relevant information not only leaves money on the table; it runs the risk of leading to a contradiction in which one holds mutually incompatible beliefs about the problem at hand. To address these issues, we first characterize the joint restrictions relating instrument invalidity, treatment endogeneity, and non-differential measurement error in a workhorse linear model, showing how beliefs over these three dimensions are mutually constrained by each other and the data. Using this information, we propose a Bayesian framework to help researchers elicit their beliefs, incorporate them into estimation, and ensure their mutual coherence. We conclude by illustrating our framework in a number of examples drawn from the empirical microeconomics literature.
Generic Theory of the Dynamic Magnetic Response of Ferrofluids
Creators: name: Fang, Angbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferrofluids belong to an important class of highly functional soft matter, benefiting from their magnetically controllable physical properties. Therefore, it is of central importance to quantitatively predict the dynamic magnetic response of ferrofluids. Traditional dynamic theories, however, are often restricted to the near-equilibrium regime and/or only apply to nearly ideal ferrofluids that are monodisperse, dilute enough, and weakly interacting. In this paper I develop a self-consistent and nonperturbative dynamical mean field theory for typical ferrofluids which are often polydisperse, concentrated, and strongly interacting, possibly driven far from equilibrium. I obtain a general nonperturbative expression for the dynamic magnetic susceptibility, quantitatively agreeing with the spectra obtained from Brownian Dynamics simulations on both mono- and bidisperse samples. Furthermore, I derive a generic magnetization relaxation equation (MRE) for both mono- and polydisperse ferrofluids by employing the projection operator technique in nonequlibrium statistical mechanics. This MRE is in simple closed form and independent of which model is employed to approximate the equilibrium magnetization curve. Existing models can be recovered as low-order approximations of my generic and nonperturbative MRE. My theory can play a key role in studying the dynamics of ferrofluids and other polar fluids. It may also have substantial and immediate consequences to various ferrofluid applications.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Soft Matter
MISURA DELLE PRESTAZIONI E ALLOCAZIONE DELLE RISORSE PER L'INCENTIVAZIONE AZIENDALE E LA CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
Creators: name: Shiroka, Angjela
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: In questo lavoro di tesi, si affronta un problema  posto da Telecom Italia, con riferimento alla misura delle prestazioni aziendali e all'allocazione delle risorse in incentivazione e formazione nel settore Open Access di Telecom Italia. In un'ottica di miglioramento sono stati classificati gli indicatori delle prestazioni e sono stati proposti nuovi criteri di attribuzione del punteggio, nonchè una nuova funzione punteggio. Inoltre, tramite l'ausilio di modelli di allocazione delle risorse si è cercato di capire come ripartire le risorse limitate a disposizione o per minimizzare gli investimenti o per massimizzare la customer satisfaction nell'ottica del miglioramento della qualità del servizio.
Electrical Spectroscopy of Polaritonic Nanoresonators
Creators: name: Castilla, Sebastián
name: Agarwal, Hitesh
name: Vangelidis, Ioannis
name: Bludov, Yuliy
name: Iranzo, David Alcaraz
name: Grabulosa, Adrià
name: Ceccanti, Matteo
name: Vasilevskiy, Mikhail I.
name: Kumar, Roshan Krishna
name: Janzen, Eli
name: Edgar, James H.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Peres, Nuno M. R.
name: Lidorikis, Elefterios
name: Koppens, Frank H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most captivating properties of polaritons is their capacity to confine light at the nanoscale. This confinement is even more extreme in two-dimensional (2D) materials. 2D polaritons have been investigated by optical measurements using an external photodetector. However, their effective spectrally resolved electrical detection via far-field excitation remains unexplored. This fact hinders their potential exploitation in crucial applications such as sensing molecules and gases, hyperspectral imaging and optical spectrometry, banking on their potential for integration with silicon technologies. Herein, we present the first electrical spectroscopy of polaritonic nanoresonators based on a high-quality 2D-material heterostructure, which serves at the same time as the photodetector and the polaritonic platform. We employ metallic nanorods to create hybrid nanoresonators within the hybrid plasmon-phonon polaritonic medium in the mid and long-wave infrared ranges. Subsequently, we electrically detect these resonators by near-field coupling to a graphene pn-junction. The nanoresonators simultaneously present a record of lateral confinement and high-quality factors of up to 200, exhibiting prominent peaks in the photocurrent spectrum, particularly at the underexplored lower reststrahlen band of hBN. We exploit the geometrical and gate tunability of these nanoresonators to investigate their impact on the photocurrent spectrum and the polaritonic's waveguided modes. This work opens a venue for studying this highly tunable and complex hybrid system, as well as for using it in compact platforms for sensing and photodetection applications.
description: 34 pages, 4 main figures and 22 supplementary figures
Rapid-Response Mode VLT/UVES spectroscopy of GRB060418: Conclusive evidence for UV pumping from the time evolution of FeII and NiII excited- and metastable-level populations
Creators: name: Vreeswijk, P. M.
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Smette, A.
name: Ellison, S. L.
name: Jaunsen, A.
name: Andersen, M. I.
name: Fruchter, A. S.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Kaufer, A.
name: Moller, P.
name: Petitjean, P.
name: Savaglio, S.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution spectroscopic observations of GRB060418, obtained with VLT/UVES. These observations were triggered using the VLT Rapid Response Mode (RRM), which allows for automated observations of transient phenomena, without any human intervention. This resulted in the first UVES exposure of GRB060418 to be started only 10 minutes after the initial Swift satellite trigger. A sequence of spectra covering 330-670 nm were acquired at 11, 16, 25, 41 and 71 minutes (mid-exposure) after the trigger, with a resolving power of 7 km/s, and a signal-to-noise ratio of 10-15. This time-series clearly shows evidence for time variability of allowed transitions involving FeII fine-structure levels, and metastable levels of both FeII and NiII, at the host-galaxy redshift z=1.490. This is the first report of absorption lines arising from metastable levels of FeII and NiII along any GRB sightline. We model the observed evolution of the level populations with three different excitation mechanisms: collisions, excitation by infra-red photons, and fluorescence following excitation by ultraviolet photons. Our data allow us to reject the collisional and IR excitation scenarios with high confidence. The UV pumping model, in which the GRB afterglow UV photons excite a cloud of atoms with a column density N, distance d, and Doppler broadening parameter b, provides an excellent fit, with best-fit values: log N(FeII)=14.75+0.06-0.04, log N(NiII)=13.84+/-0.02, d=1.7+/-0.2 kpc (but see Appendix A), and b=25+/-3 km/s. The success of our UV pumping modeling implies that no significant amount of FeII or NiII is present at distances smaller than ~1.7 kpc (but see erratum in Appendix A), most likely because it is ionized by the GRB X-ray/UV flash. Because neutral hydrogen is more easily ionized than FeII and NiII, this minimum distance also applies to any HI present. [abridged]
description: included recently discovered mistake in Eq. 3 as erratum in Appendix, which we refer to in the text where relevant
Facilitated diffusion of DNA-binding proteins: Simulation of large systems
Creators: name: Merlitz, Holger
name: Klenin, Konstantin V.
name: Wu, Chen-Xu
name: Langowski, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently introduced method of excess collisions (MEC) is modified to estimate diffusion-controlled reaction times inside systems of arbitrary size. The resulting MEC-E equations contain a set of empirical parameters, which have to be calibrated in numerical simulations inside a test system of moderate size. Once this is done, reaction times of systems of arbitrary dimensions are derived by extrapolation, with an accuracy of 10 to 15 percent. The achieved speed up, when compared to explicit simulations of the reaction process, is increasing proportional to the extrapolated volume of the cell.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Neutrino induced weak pion production off the nucleon
Creators: name: Hernandez, E.
name: Nieves, J.
name: Valverde, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study neutrino induced one-pion production off the nucleon in and around the Delta resonance region. Apart from the Delta-pole mechanism we include background terms required by chiral symmetry. These background terms give sizeable contributions in all channels. To better reproduce the ANL $q^2$-differential cross section data, we make a new fit of the $C_5^A(q^2)$ axial nucleon to Delta form factor. The new result $C_5^A(0)=0.867\pm 0.075$ is some 30% smaller than the commonly accepted value. This correction is compatible with most quark model estimates and a recent lattice calculation
description: 4 latex pages, 2 figures. Contribution at Chiral Symmetry in Hadron and Nuclear Physics (CHIRAL07), Osaka, November 13-16, 2007
«Griseldaonline», un progetto di comunicazione e di critica letteraria
Creators: name: Bonazzi, Nicola
name: Menetti, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Griseldaonline
Year: 2021

description: Il saggio ripercorre la storia di «Griseldaonline», rivista del Dipartimento di Filologia Classica e Italianistica dell’Università di Bologna, una delle prime in Italia in formato digitale a occuparsi di studi di letteratura italiana. La struttura rizomatica di «Griseldaonline» asseconda le funzioni ipertestuali della rete, mettendo in condivisione con studiosi e semplici appassionati una molteplicità di percorsi e saperi. L’ultima metamorfosi di «Griseldaonline» ha portato a una separazione tra la ‘rivista’ (di ambito accademico) e il ‘sito’ (di divulgazione), anche in questo caso rispondendo alle esigenze di approfondimento richieste dalla comunità scientifica e alla volontà di dialogare con un pubblico vasto, sempre nell’ottica di apertura e compartecipazione al sapere che la rete è in grado di garantire.
description: Griseldaonline, V. 20 N. 2 (2021): Italianistica digitale
Revisiting the rare $H\to q_iq_j$ decays in the Standard Model
Creators: name: Aranda, J. I.
name: González-Estrada, G.
name: Montaño, J.
name: Ramírez-Zavaleta, F.
name: Tututi, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the rare decays of the Higgs boson to two different quarks in the Standard Model, which arise at the one-loop level. We perform Taylor series expansions to the complete form factors of the decay amplitudes, according to their different mass hierarchies, this allow us to take full advantage of the GIM mechanism to eliminate spurious contributions and retain those that truly contribute. We found that Br$(H\to uc)$=$5.00\times10^{-20}$, Br$(H\to ds)$=$1.19\times10^{-11}$, Br$(H\to db)$=$5.16\times10^{-9}$ and Br$(H\to sb)$=$1.15\times10^{-7}$. Our predictions for the $H\to uc,ds$ decays disagree with previous results in the literature.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure. Accepted manuscript version
Dispositivi progettuali per l'archeologia come architettura intermittente della città
Creators: name: Di Palma, Bruna
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: La tesi affronta la tematica del rapporto tra archeologia e progetto urbano.
A partire dall'interpretazione dell'archeologia come architettura intermittente, nella tesi sono indagate le modalità attraverso le quali si svolge il fenomeno ciclico di "morte e vita" delle architetture nelle città antiche nonché alcune tecniche e strumenti attraverso i quali leggerne le ricadute nella trasformazione urbana. L'obiettivo principale della ricerca è dunque la definizione di traiettorie strategiche, in grado di costituire la base di un'indagine progettuale, che interpreta le caratteristiche di instabilità, di discontinuità e di aperture al nuovo che la presenza archeologica può determinare nelle città.
Si tratta di temi-chiave per la progettazione architettonica e urbana: focalizzare l'attenzione sul ruolo dell'architettura e del progetto urbano nella costruzione di relazioni, di connessioni, di sequenze anche completamente inedite è un compito interessante per l'architettura, che non deve essere inteso come una volontà di settorializzazione, aspetto che ha spesso costituito un limite nel rapporto tra archeologia e architettura. L'archeologia come architettura intermittente consente di comprendere articolate situazioni archeologiche, architettoniche e urbane, attraverso percorsi conoscitivi nei quali gli aspetti progettuali possono essere declinati e investigati in maniera compiuta, superando "operativamente" steccati che hanno spesso impedito il conseguimento dei risultati attesi dal progetto.
Pathological Water Science -- Four Examples and What They Have in Common
Creators: name: Elton, Daniel C.
name: Spencer, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pathological science occurs when well-intentioned scientists spend extended time and resources studying a phenomena that isn't real. Researchers who get caught up in pathological science are usually following the scientific method and performing careful experiments, but they get tricked by nature. The study of water has had several protracted episodes of pathological science, a few of which are still ongoing. We discuss four areas of pathological water science -polywater, the Mpemba effect, Pollack's "fourth phase" of water, and the effects of static magnetic fields on water. Some common water-specific issues emerge such as the contamination and confounding of experiments with dissolved solutes and nanobubbles. General issues also emerge such as imprecision in defining what is being studied, bias towards confirmation rather than falsification, and poor standards for reproducibility. We hope this work helps researchers avoid wasting valuable time and resources pursuing pathological science.
description: to appear in the Springer book "Water in Biomechanical & Related Systems"
The fundamental role of superconducting quasiparticle coherence in cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Feng, Shiping
name: Guo, Huaiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism, we study the interplay between superconductivity and the nodal and antinodal superconducting quasiparticle coherences in cuprate superconductors, and find the s-wave superconducting transition temperature is heavily suppressed by the antinodal superconducting quasiparticle coherence, while the d-wave superconducting transition temperature is enhanced, therefore the antinodal superconducting quasiparticle coherence plays a more crucial role in superconductivity of cuprate superconductors.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, typos corrected