cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Virtual segmentation of a small contact HPGe detector: inference of hit positions of single-site events via pulse shape analysis
Creators: name: Dai, W. H.
name: Ma, H.
name: Zeng, Z.
name: Yang, L. T.
name: Yue, Q.
name: Cheng, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploring hit positions of recorded events can help to understand and suppress backgrounds in rare event searching experiments. In this study, we virtually segment a small contact P-type high purity germanium detector (HPGe) into two layers. Single-site events (SSEs) in each layer are selected by an algorithm based on two pulse shape parameters: the charge pulse drift time ($T_{Q}$) and current pulse rise time ($T_{I}$). To determine the shapes and volumes of the two layers, a Th-228 source is placed at top and side positions to irradiate the detector. The double escape peak events from 2614.5 keV $γ$-ray are selected as typical SSEs, their numbers in the two layers are used to calculate the volumes and shapes of those layers. Considering the statistical and systematic uncertainties, the inner layer volume is evaluated to be 47.2\%$\pm$0.26(stat.)\%$\pm$0.22(sys.)\% of the total sensitive volume. We extend our analysis for SSEs in 1400-2100 keV, the spectra of inner layer events acquired from experimental data using the selection algorithm are in good agreement with those from the simulation. For sources outside the HPGe detector, the outer layer can act as a shielding for the inner layer. Selecting the inner layer as the analysis volume can reduce the externalbackground in the signal region of Ge-76 neutrinoless double beta (0$νββ$) decay. We use the Th-228 source to evaluate the background suppression power of the virtual segmentation. After performing the single and multi-site event discrimination, the event rate in the 0$νββ$ signal region can be further suppressed by 12\% by selecting the inner layer as the analysis volume. The virtual segmentation could be used to efficiently suppress surface background like electrons from Ar-42/K-42 decay in 0$νββ$ experiments using germanium detector immersed in liquid argon.
description: 13 pages, 19 figures
Ellerman bombs at high resolution. IV. Visibility in Na I and Mg I
Creators: name: Rutten, R. J.
name: van der Voort, L. H. M. Rouppe
name: Vissers, G. J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ellerman bombs are transient brightenings of the wings of the solar Balmer lines that mark reconnection in the photosphere. Ellerman noted in 1917 that he did not observe such brightenings in the Na I D and Mg I b lines. This non-visibility should constrain EB interpretation, but has not been addressed in published bomb modeling. We therefore test Ellerman's observation and confirm it using high-quality imaging spectrometry with the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope. However, we find diffuse brightness in these lines that seems to result from prior EBs. We tentatively suggest this is a post-bomb hot-cloud phenomenon also found in recent EB spectroscopy in the ultraviolet.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Tracing Footsteps: A HGIS Project Mapping Out Liturgical Processions in 9th and 10th Century Constantinople
Creators: name: O'Riordan, Simon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014
Subjects: Historical geographic information systems
Digital humanities
Byzantine Empire--Study and teaching

description: This report surveys a successful attempt to build a HGIS (historical geographic information system) of liturgical processional routes in the city of Constantinople (modern day Istanbul) during the 9th and 10th centuries. Data about the routes was gathered from the Typikon of the Great Church, a medieval book describing the liturgical ceremonies of the Hagia Sophia, the largest and most important church in Constantinople during the Byzantine era. Information about the different churches mentioned in the Typikon was gathered from a variety of sources, most notably from Raymond Janin's multivolume series on the subject.
Major problems during the construction of the HGIS were finding accurate information on churches that no longer exist, constructing a map of an area which is dramatically different today topologically and the lack of English language sources. Despite these problems, the resulting HGIS allows for a clearer view of how processional routes moved across the city.
Extended Hamiltonians, Coupling-Constant Metamorphosis and the Post-Winternitz System
Creators: name: Chanu, Claudia Maria
name: Degiovanni, Luca
name: Rastelli, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling-constant metamorphosis is applied to modified extended Hamiltonians and sufficient conditions are found in order that the transformed high-degree first integral of the transformed Hamiltonian is determined by the same algorithm which computes the corresponding first integral of the original extended Hamiltonian. As examples, we consider the Post-Winternitz system and the 2D caged anisotropic oscillator.
Time- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Studies of Quantum Materials
Creators: name: Boschini, Fabio
name: Zonno, Marta
name: Damascelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) -- with its exceptional sensitivity to both the binding energy and momentum of valence electrons in solids -- provides unparalleled insights into the electronic structure of quantum materials. Over the last two decades, the advent of femtosecond lasers, which can deliver ultrashort and coherent light pulses, has ushered the ARPES technique into the time domain. Now, time-resolved ARPES (TR-ARPES) can probe ultrafast electron dynamics and the out-of-equilibrium electronic structure, providing a wealth of information otherwise unattainable in conventional ARPES experiments. This paper begins with an introduction to the theoretical underpinnings of TR-ARPES followed by a description of recent advances in state-of-the-art ultrafast sources and optical excitation schemes. It then reviews paradigmatic phenomena investigated by TR-ARPES thus far, such as out-of-equilibrium electronic states and their spin dynamics, Floquet-Volkov states, photoinduced phase transitions, electron-phonon coupling, and surface photovoltage effects. Each section highlights TR-ARPES data from diverse classes of quantum materials, including semiconductors, charge-ordered systems, topological materials, excitonic insulators, van der Waals materials, and unconventional superconductors. These examples demonstrate how TR-ARPES has played a critical role in unraveling the complex dynamical properties of quantum materials. The conclusion outlines possible future directions and opportunities for this powerful technique.
description: To appear in Reviews of Modern Physics
Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing for Improving Bedridden Elderly People's Oral Health by the Family Caregiver: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Creators: name: Hunsrisakhun, Jaranya
Publisher: name: The Dental Association of Thailand
Year: 2018
Subjects: Bedridden elderly people
Caregiver
Motivational interviewing
Oral health

description: Journal of The Dental Association of Thailand, 68, 3, 256-269
GitHub Workflow for the LCR Oyster Project
Creators: name: Moreno, Melissa
name: Pine, William E.
name: Aufmuth, Joseph
name: Maxwell, Daniel
name: Plato Smith
name: Coleman, Tyler
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: GitHub
GitHub workflow
data workflow
data

description: This document describes the workflow for the LCR Oyster Project. The document also includes an introduction on how to use Github. This document can serve to help team members understand what GitHub is and how we use it to verify newly updated data and scripts. This document is used more for an internal purpose but might be useful outside of our project. This document can also be found on our GitHub project page: https://github.com/LCRoysterproject/repo_structure.
Symplocos costaricana Hemsl.
Creators: name: MONRO, A. K.
name: SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D.
name: GONZÁLEZ, F.
name: CHACÓN, O.
name: SOLANO, D.
name: RODRÍGUEZ, A.
name: ZAMORA, N.
name: FEDELE, E.
name: CORREA, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Symplocaceae
Symplocos
Symplocos costaricana

description: Symplocos costaricana Hemsl.
Corral, Cuerillo (CR).
 Terrestrial shrubs or trees. Distribution in PILA 700–3000 m, low elevation mixed forest, mixed forest in transition to low elevation forest, mixed forest in transition to cloud forest, cloud forest, low elevation oak forest, high elevation oak forest. Global distribution: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama. Records: A. Soto 1233 (INB), D. Santamaría 3460 (INB), D. Solano 2837 (INB), D. Solano 3209 (INB), E. Alfaro 4194 (INB).
description: Published as part of MONRO, A. K., SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D., GONZÁLEZ, F., CHACÓN, O., SOLANO, D., RODRÍGUEZ, A., ZAMORA, N., FEDELE, E. & CORREA, M., 2017, A first checklist to the vascular plants of La Amistad International Park (PILA), Costa Rica-Panama, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 322 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.322.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13698397
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of the Cleaning Ability of Various Root Canal Irrigants in Primary Teeth
Creators: name: Nakornchai, Siriruk
Publisher: name: The Dental Association of Thailand
Year: 2018
Subjects: Chlorhexidine
Irrigants
Sodium hypochlorite
Pulpectomy
Primary teeth

description: Journal of The Dental Association of Thailand, 68, 3, 302-308
Making Sense of the Browser Jungle
Creators: name: Tang, Yin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003
Subjects: WWW Browsers
Web Browser Usability
Web Browser Comparison
Web Browser Evaluation

description: As the popularity of the World Wide Web increases, newer and better web browsers are continually emerging. The study described in the paper attempts to develop a standard framework for the purpose of evaluating and comparing web browsers as they become available. The framework criteria identified include performance, security, user interface design, usability, and Auxiliary Functionalities. Using these criteria, the author compared the new Safari web browser (public beta) by Apple Inc. with the more popular IE Mac 5 and the Camino browsers. The results indicate that using the framework makes different browsers more comparable and also allows the reviewer to provide users with a more complete picture of the products.
Enhancing quantum state tomography via resource-efficient attention-based neural networks
Creators: name: Palmieri, Adriano Macarone
name: Müller-Rigat, Guillem
name: Srivastava, Anubhav Kumar
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Rajchel-Mieldzioć, Grzegorz
name: Płodzień, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resource-efficient quantum state tomography is one of the key ingredients of future quantum technologies. In this work, we propose a new tomography protocol combining standard quantum state reconstruction methods with an attention-based neural network architecture. We show how the proposed protocol is able to improve the averaged fidelity reconstruction over linear inversion and maximum-likelihood estimation in the finite-statistics regime, reducing at least by an order of magnitude the amount of necessary training data. We demonstrate the potential use of our protocol in physically relevant scenarios, in particular, to certify metrological resources in the form of many-body entanglement generated during the spin squeezing protocols. This could be implemented with the current quantum simulator platforms, such as trapped ions, and ultra-cold atoms in optical lattices.
description: The Author Accepted Manuscript (AAM);
title: Zum Umgang mit kulturellen und religiösen Differenzerfahrungen in der Bundeswehr. Eine kritische Würdigung aus der Perspektive evangelischer Religionspädagogik.
Creators: name: Kleeberg-Hörnlein, Sylvia E.
Publisher: name: Arbeitskreis Militärgeschichte
Year: 2018

description: Die Integration unterschiedlicher kultureller und religiöser Ansichten ist auch für die Bundeswehr eine Herausforderung. Sie begegnet dieser mit verschiedenen Ansätzen, die es folgend aus der Perspektive evangelischer Religionspädagogik kritisch zu beurteilen und würdigen gilt.
A Comparative Analysis of Open Access Institutional Repositories in Mexico
Creators: name: Smally, Allyson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013
Subjects: Open access publishing
Scholarly publishing
Institutional repositories

description: This project examined open access digital repositories in Mexico. The results are based on data drawn from repository websites and guided by three research questions:
1) How do Mexican repositories promote or encourage the development of national standards for preservation of digital information?
2) Are Mexican repositories and their content easily accessible within their host institutions and on the Web?
3) Can repositories serve to promote collaboration and establish connections between scholars?
Examining repositories revealed that nearly all rely on software and metadata developed outside of Mexico but that many do take a role in advancing the discussion about digital preservation. Repositories had mixed levels of web visibility, both within their own institution and on the web. Some of the larger repositories that draw from multiple institutions incorporate features that might promote collaboration, but this is less common among repositories focused solely on the research output of one institution.
Examining early-type galaxy scaling relations using simple dynamical models
Creators: name: Zhang, Huanian
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use dynamical models that include bulk rotation, velocity dispersion anisotropy and both stars and dark matter to explore the conditions that give rise to the early-type galaxy scaling relations referred to as the Fundamental Plane (FP) and Manifold (FM). The modelled scaling relations generally match the observed relations and are remarkably robust to all changes allowed within these models. The empirical relationships can fail beyond the parameter ranges where they were calibrated and we discuss the nature of those failures. Because the location of individual models relative to the FP and FM is sensitive to the adopted physical scaling of the models, unconstrained rescaling produces a much larger scatter about the scaling relations than that observed. We conclude that only certain combinations of scaling values, which define the physical radial and kinematic scale of the model, produce low scatter versions of the FP and FM. These combinations further result in reproducing a condition observed previously for galaxies, $r_c ρ_0 = $ constant, where $r_c$ is the scaling radius and $ρ_0$ is the central density. As such, we conclude that this empirical finding and global galaxy scaling relations are not independent and that finding the physical cause of one should lead to the solution to the other. Although our models are strictly for pressure supported galaxies, these results may well hold generally because the central density constraint was first identified in dwarf spheroidals but later extended to rotating giant galaxies and the FM applies to galaxies of any morphological type and luminosity class.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Model-based causal feature selection for general response types
Creators: name: Kook, Lucas
name: Saengkyongam, Sorawit
name: Lundborg, Anton Rask
name: Hothorn, Torsten
name: Peters, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Discovering causal relationships from observational data is a fundamental yet challenging task. Invariant causal prediction (ICP, Peters et al., 2016) is a method for causal feature selection which requires data from heterogeneous settings and exploits that causal models are invariant. ICP has been extended to general additive noise models and to nonparametric settings using conditional independence tests. However, the latter often suffer from low power (or poor type I error control) and additive noise models are not suitable for applications in which the response is not measured on a continuous scale, but reflects categories or counts. Here, we develop transformation-model (TRAM) based ICP, allowing for continuous, categorical, count-type, and uninformatively censored responses (these model classes, generally, do not allow for identifiability when there is no exogenous heterogeneity). As an invariance test, we propose TRAM-GCM based on the expected conditional covariance between environments and score residuals with uniform asymptotic level guarantees. For the special case of linear shift TRAMs, we also consider TRAM-Wald, which tests invariance based on the Wald statistic. We provide an open-source R package 'tramicp' and evaluate our approach on simulated data and in a case study investigating causal features of survival in critically ill patients.
description: Code available at https://github.com/LucasKook/tramicp.git
LGD Notification for creation of Rajasthan districts Beawar and Kekri
Creators: name: Yadav, Sunita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Also contains the copy of Rajasthan extraordinary gazette notifying the creation of new districts - Kekri, Beawar and restructuring of Ajmer, Pali and Tonk districts Gazette date: August 06, 2023
Application of the IEEE Learning Object Metadata Standard to Multimedia Folklore Collections:  Its Implications for Humanities Education
Creators: name: Clair, Kevin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Metadata
subject: Virtual Libraries
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Education

description: This paper investigates the current trends which exist in digital libraries in the humanities regarding their suitability for structured educational use, including the extent to which faculty collaboration affects digital library development, the proportion of total use of these libraries comprised by students, and the preparations which both librarians and faculty have made to encourage this use.   Based on the findings of these investigations, recommendations were made for the implementation of the IEEE Learning Object Metadata standard with the Southern Stories project, a multimedia folklore collection with a strong educational component. The results of these suggestions, as well as the negotiation of technical and pedagogical limitations which stand in their way, hold implications for the future of metadata development for all digital collections with a disciplinary focus in the humanities.
Improved Algorithms for Stochastic Linear Bandits Using Tail Bounds for Martingale Mixtures
Creators: name: Flynn, Hamish
name: Reeb, David
name: Kandemir, Melih
name: Peters, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present improved algorithms with worst-case regret guarantees for the stochastic linear bandit problem. The widely used "optimism in the face of uncertainty" principle reduces a stochastic bandit problem to the construction of a confidence sequence for the unknown reward function. The performance of the resulting bandit algorithm depends on the size of the confidence sequence, with smaller confidence sets yielding better empirical performance and stronger regret guarantees. In this work, we use a novel tail bound for adaptive martingale mixtures to construct confidence sequences which are suitable for stochastic bandits. These confidence sequences allow for efficient action selection via convex programming. We prove that a linear bandit algorithm based on our confidence sequences is guaranteed to achieve competitive worst-case regret. We show that our confidence sequences are tighter than competitors, both empirically and theoretically. Finally, we demonstrate that our tighter confidence sequences give improved performance in several hyperparameter tuning tasks.
description: Accepted at NeurIPS 2023. 35 pages, 6 figures
Daphnopsis americana J. R. Johnst.
Creators: name: MONRO, A. K.
name: SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D.
name: GONZÁLEZ, F.
name: CHACÓN, O.
name: SOLANO, D.
name: RODRÍGUEZ, A.
name: ZAMORA, N.
name: FEDELE, E.
name: CORREA, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malvales
Thymelaeaceae
Daphnopsis
Daphnopsis americana

description: Daphnopsis americana (Mill.) J.R.Johnst.
Mastate (CR).
 Terrestrial trees. Distribution in PILA 300–1800 m, low elevation mixed forest, mixed forest in transition to low elevation forest, mixed forest in transition to cloud forest. Global distribution: Mexico to Ecuador, Venezuela, Antilles. Records: A. Rodríguez, March 3, 2007 (Field obs.), D. Solano, Oct. 27, 2007 (Field obs.) .
description: Published as part of MONRO, A. K., SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D., GONZÁLEZ, F., CHACÓN, O., SOLANO, D., RODRÍGUEZ, A., ZAMORA, N., FEDELE, E. & CORREA, M., 2017, A first checklist to the vascular plants of La Amistad International Park (PILA), Costa Rica-Panama, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 322 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.322.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13698397
Electronic structure, magnetism and antisite disorder in CoFeCrGe and CoMnCrAl quaternary Heusler alloys
Creators: name: Enamullah
name: Venkateswara, Y.
name: Gupta, Sachin
name: Varma, Manoj Raama
name: Singh, Prashant
name: Suresh, K G
name: Alam, Aftab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a combined theoretical and experimental study of two quaternary Heusler alloys CoFeCrGe (CFCG) and CoMnCrAl (CMCA), promising candidates for spintronics applications. Magnetization measurement shows the saturation magnetization and transition temperature to be $3\; μ_B$, $866$ K and $0.9 \; μ_B$, $358$ K for CFCG and CMCA respectively. The magnetization values agree fairly well with our theoretical results and also obey the Slater-Pauling rule, a prerequisite for half metallicity. A striking difference between the two systems is their structure; CFCG crystallizes in fully ordered Y-type structure while CMCA has L2$_1$ disordered structure. The antisite disorder adds a somewhat unique property to the second compound, which arises due to the probabilistic mutual exchange of Al positions with Cr/Mn and such an effect is possibly expected due to comparable electronegativities of Al and Cr/Mn. {\it Ab-initio} simulation predicted a unique transition from half metallic ferromagnet to metallic antiferromagnet beyond a critical excess amount of Al in the alloy.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Quantifying Environmental and Line-of-Sight Effects in Models of Strong Gravitational Lens Systems
Creators: name: McCully, Curtis
name: Keeton, Charles R.
name: Wong, Kenneth C.
name: Zabludoff, Ann I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter near a gravitational lens galaxy or projected along the line of sight (LOS) can affect strong lensing observables by more than contemporary measurement errors. We simulate lens fields with realistic three-dimensional mass configurations (self-consistently including voids), and then fit mock lensing observables with increasingly complex lens models to quantify biases and uncertainties associated with different ways of treating the lens environment (ENV) and LOS. We identify the combination of mass, projected offset, and redshift that determines the importance of a perturbing galaxy for lensing. Foreground structures have a stronger effect on the lens potential than background structures, due to nonlinear effects in the foreground and downweighting in the background. There is dramatic variation in the net strength of ENV/LOS effects across different lens fields; modeling fields individually yields stronger priors for $H_0$ than ray tracing through $N$-body simulations. Models that ignore mass outside the lens yield poor fits and biased results. Adding external shear can account for tidal stretching from galaxies at redshifts $z \ge z_{\rm lens}$, but it requires corrections for external convergence and cannot reproduce nonlinear effects from foreground galaxies. Using the tidal approximation is reasonable for most perturbers as long as nonlinear redshift effects are included. Even then, the scatter in $H_0$ is limited by the lens profile degeneracy. Asymmetric image configurations produced by highly elliptical lens galaxies are less sensitive to the lens profile degeneracy, so they offer appealing targets for precision lensing analyses in future surveys like LSST and Euclid.
description: 26 pages, 19 figures
Social Media Analysis for Product Safety using Text Mining and Sentiment Analysis
Creators: name: Isah, Haruna
name: Neagu, Daniel
name: Trundle, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing incidents of counterfeiting and associated economic and health consequences necessitate the development of active surveillance systems capable of producing timely and reliable information for all stake holders in the anti-counterfeiting fight. User generated content from social media platforms can provide early clues about product allergies, adverse events and product counterfeiting. This paper reports a work in progresswith contributions including: the development of a framework for gathering and analyzing the views and experiences of users of drug and cosmetic products using machine learning, text mining and sentiment analysis, the application of the proposed framework on Facebook comments and data from Twitter for brand analysis, and the description of how to develop a product safety lexicon and training data for modeling a machine learning classifier for drug and cosmetic product sentiment prediction. The initial brand and product comparison results signify the usefulness of text mining and sentiment analysis on social media data while the use of machine learning classifier for predicting the sentiment orientation provides a useful tool for users, product manufacturers, regulatory and enforcement agencies to monitor brand or product sentiment trends in order to act in the event of sudden or significant rise in negative sentiment.
description: 2014 14th UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI)
The Role of Web Home Page Information Elements in User-Site Orientation Efforts
Creators: name: Hilligoss, Phillip Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001
Subjects: Human-computer interaction
World Wide Web--Home Page
World Wide Web--Usability
Business--E-commerce

description: As more and more people turn to the Web for information about companies and their products and services, the quality of organizational Web pages becomes increasingly important. This research study utilized semi-structured interviews with ten university students viewing the home pages of six company Web sites to analyze factors influencing home page usability. In particular, the study was designed to understand how users interact with information elements such as text, graphics and navigational links as they seek to orient themselves with a Web site and the sponsoring organization. The results indicate that the company logo, a brief explanation of company purpose and minimal amounts of text are some of the things that users want most from corporate home pages. To improve user perceptions of site usability, home pages should prominently display broad categories of navigation options, with more detailed lists readily available. In addition, graphics and colors should be carefully coordinated to affect positively user attitudes towards the site and sponsoring organization.
Stochastic Differential Equation for a System Coupled to a Thermostatic Bath via an Arbitrary Interaction Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Park, Jong-Min
name: Park, Hyunggyu
name: Lee, Jae Sung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conventional Langevin equation offers a mathematically convenient framework for investigating open stochastic systems interacting with their environment or a bath. However, it is not suitable for a wide variety of systems whose dynamics rely on the nature of the environmental interaction, as the equation does not incorporate any specific information regarding that interaction. Here, we present a universal formulation of the stochastic differential equation (SDE) for an open system coupled to a thermostatic bath via an arbitrary interaction Hamiltonian. This SDE encodes the interaction information to a fictitious potential (mean force) and a position-dependent damping coefficient. Surprisingly, we find that the conventional Langevin equation can be recovered in the presence of arbitrary strong interactions given two conditions: translational invariance of the potential and disjoint separability of the bath particles. Our results provide a universal framework for studying open stochastic systems with an arbitrary interaction Hamiltonian and yield deeper insight into why various experiments fit the conventional Langevin description regardless of the strength or type of interaction.
description: 5 figures, 10 pages + supplemental material, Comments are welcome
Beneficios de la Ciencia Abierta para la sociedad y desafíos para la Universidad
Creators: name: Quiroz Valenzuela, Soledad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ciencia abierta
Chile

description: Presentación en la Universidad Autónoma de Chile sobre Ciencia Abierta, sus beneficios y los desafíos que presenta.
Helping Users Find Their Way: Usability Testing of Subject Guides at Duke University Libraries
Creators: name: Carrillo, Erin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: College and university libraries
Web sites--Evaluation

description: This study describes usability testing of four subject guides (created using LibGuides) at Duke University. Subjects completed two tasks for each guide, then were asked to rate the ease of use of the guide, as well as elaborate on features that made the guide difficult to use and easy to use, and make suggestions to improve usability of the guide.  Despite the high failure rate of many of the tasks, the guides were generally perceived as easy to use. Features identified as facilitators to use were clearly labeled tabs, organization of resources within boxes, descriptions of resources, and clearly labeled boxes. Features identified as barriers to use were the inclusion of too many resources, lack of instruction on using guides, and lack of resource description. Subjects expressed a desire for instruction on using guides, description of resources, tables of contents, and a "Getting Started" tab to orient users.
MPEC 2024-C20 : 2024 BF5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 BF5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Living and Breathing Zendesk Tickets: Spam on Open Science Platforms
Creators: name: Cohoon, Johanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: open science
scholarly communications
infrastructure
spam

description: Lightning talk presented at FORCE2021 with early results from Johanna Cohoon's dissertation study, Negotiating Open Science [now complete, available at https://osf.io/vq8pj/]. Insights presented in the lightning talk were derived through interviews and observation conducted to understand the development, use, and non-use of the Open Science Framework. Participants referenced in this lightning talk are all employed to develop or improve the Open Science Framework. The "Living and Breathing Zendesk Tickets: Spam on Open Science Platforms" lightning talk argues 1) existing open science platforms are the installed base that will likely be used to share research with the public and 2) spam is an issue on open science platforms that affects scientific budgets, inclusivity, and legitimacy. Because the research community is presently concerned with building public trust in science, it is important to establish transparent practices for content moderation on open platforms. Rather than leaving this work only to platform developers, the FORCE11 community should be involved in determining best practices for moderating contributions to open science platforms.
description: {"references": ["Young, S. D., & Lander, E. S. (2021). Multi-Agency Research and Development Priorities for the FY 2023 Budget. Executive Office of the President. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/M-21-32-Multi-Agency-Research-and-Development-Prioirties-for-FY-2023-Budget-.pdf"]}
Dissipative Dicke time crystals: an atoms' point of view
Creators: name: Jäger, Simon B.
name: Giesen, Jan Mathis
name: Schneider, Imke
name: Eggert, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop and study an atom-only description of the Dicke model with time-periodic couplings between atoms and a dissipative cavity mode. The cavity mode is eliminated giving rise to effective atom-atom interactions and dissipation. We use this effective description to analyze the dynamics of the atoms that undergo a transition to a dynamical superradiant phase with macroscopic coherences in the atomic medium and the light field. Using Floquet theory in combination with the atom-only description we provide a precise determination of the phase boundaries and of the dynamical response of the atoms. From this we can predict the existence of dissipative time crystals that show a subharmonic response with respect to the driving frequency. We show that the atom-only theory can describe the relaxation into such a dissipative time crystal and that the damping rate can be understood in terms of a cooling mechanism.
description: 13 pages with Supplemental Material and 6 figures. For more information and the latest version see https://www.physik.uni-kl.de/eggert/papers/
Portfolio Exposure and Risk Model
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Portfolio Exposure and Risk Model

description: The model has significantly simplified the operation for producing valuation, VaR and stress-testing results, and the approximations made in the implementation of the crawl out calculation in the model currently appear reasonable.
description: https://ia904707.us.archive.org/17/items/cancellableSwap/cancellableSwap.pdf
Myriocarpa longipes Liebm.
Creators: name: MONRO, A. K.
name: SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D.
name: GONZÁLEZ, F.
name: CHACÓN, O.
name: SOLANO, D.
name: RODRÍGUEZ, A.
name: ZAMORA, N.
name: FEDELE, E.
name: CORREA, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Urticaceae
Myriocarpa
Myriocarpa longipes

description: Myriocarpa longipes Liebm.
Ortiga, Estrella (CR).
 Terrestrial shrubs. Distribution in PILA 0–2000 m, low elevation mixed forest, mixed forest in transition to low elevation forest, mixed forest in transition to cloud forest, cloud forest, dense thicket. Global distribution: Mexico to Argentina. Records: A.K. Monro 4627 (BM), A.K. Monro 4816 (BM), D. Solano 4312 (BM, INB, MO, PMA).
description: Published as part of MONRO, A. K., SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D., GONZÁLEZ, F., CHACÓN, O., SOLANO, D., RODRÍGUEZ, A., ZAMORA, N., FEDELE, E. & CORREA, M., 2017, A first checklist to the vascular plants of La Amistad International Park (PILA), Costa Rica-Panama, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 322 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.322.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13698397
Effectiveness of readers' advisory electronic databases at returning relevant readers' advisory recommendations for readers' advisory librarians
Creators: name: Allison, Danielle W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010
Subjects: Reader guidance
Internet--Public libraries

description: This study describes a set of interviews with four professional readers advisory librarians' pertaining to a selected set of titles from American Library Association (ALA) reading lists and the associated reading recommendations given by five online readers' advisory databases, including Books and Authors, Fiction/Non-Fiction Connection, LibraryThing, NoveList, and Reader‟s Advisor Online. The interviews were conducted to determine the relevance of reading recommendations, which online readers' advisory database returned the most relevant reading recommendations, and what criteria librarians use when determining relevance of reading recommendations. One interesting outcome of the study indicated the importance of book's appeal, or the way a book makes a reader feel, when creating reading recommendations.
Tunneling magnetoresistance in magnetic tunnel junctions with a single ferromagnetic electrode
Creators: name: Samanta, Kartik
name: Jiang, Yuan-Yuan
name: Paudel, Tula R.
name: Shao, Ding-Fu
name: Tsymbal, Evgeny Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) are key components of spintronic devices, such as magnetic random-access memories. Normally, MTJs consist of two ferromagnetic (FM) electrodes separated by an insulating barrier layer. Their key functional property is tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) that is a change in MTJ's resistance when magnetization of the two electrodes alters from parallel to antiparallel. Here, we demonstrate that TMR can occur in MTJs with a single FM electrode, provided that the counter electrode is an antiferromagnetic (AFM) metal that supports a spin-split band structure and/or a Néel spin current. Using RuO$_{2}$ as a representative example of such antiferromagnet and CrO$_{2}$ as a FM metal, we design all-rutile RuO$_{2}$/TiO$_{2}$/CrO$_{2}$ MTJs to reveal a non-vanishing TMR. Our first-principles calculations predict that magnetization reversal in CrO$_{2}$ significantly changes conductance of the MTJs stacked in the (110) or (001) planes. The predicted giant TMR effect of about 1000% in the (110) oriented MTJs stems from spin-dependent conduction channels in CrO$_{2}$ (110) and RuO$_{2}$ (110), whose matching alters with CrO$_{2}$ magnetization orientation, while TMR in the (001) oriented MTJs originates from the Néel spin currents and different effective TiO$_{2}$ barrier thickness for the two magnetic sublattices that can be engineered by the alternating deposition of TiO$_{2}$ and CrO$_{2}$ monolayers. Our results demonstrate a possibility of a sizable TMR in MTJs with a single FM electrode and offer a practical test for using the altermagnet RuO$_{2}$ in functional spintronic devices.
description: 7 pages, 5 Figures
Experimental Adaptive Quantum Tomography of Two-Qubit States
Creators: name: Struchalin, Gleb
name: Pogorelov, Ivan
name: Straupe, Stanislav
name: Kravtsov, Konstantin
name: Radchenko, Igor
name: Kulik, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental realization of adaptive Bayesian quantum state tomography for two-qubit states. Our implementation is based on the adaptive experimental design strategy proposed in [F.Huszár and N.M.T.Houlsby, Phys.Rev.A 85, 052120 (2012)] and provides an optimal measurement approach in terms of the information gain. We address the practical questions, which one faces in any experimental application: the influence of technical noise, and behavior of the tomographic algorithm for an easy to implement class of factorized measurements. In an experiment with polarization states of entangled photon pairs we observe a lower instrumental noise floor and superior reconstruction accuracy for nearly-pure states of the adaptive protocol compared to a non-adaptive. At the same time we show, that for the mixed states the restriction to factorized measurements results in no advantage for adaptive measurements, so general measurements have to be used.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
FLAIM: AIM-based Synthetic Data Generation in the Federated Setting
Creators: name: Maddock, Samuel
name: Cormode, Graham
name: Maple, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Preserving individual privacy while enabling collaborative data sharing is crucial for organizations. Synthetic data generation is one solution, producing artificial data that mirrors the statistical properties of private data. While numerous techniques have been devised under differential privacy, they predominantly assume data is centralized. However, data is often distributed across multiple clients in a federated manner. In this work, we initiate the study of federated synthetic tabular data generation. Building upon a SOTA central method known as AIM, we present DistAIM and FLAIM. We first show that it is straightforward to distribute AIM, extending a recent approach based on secure multi-party computation which necessitates additional overhead, making it less suited to federated scenarios. We then demonstrate that naively federating AIM can lead to substantial degradation in utility under the presence of heterogeneity. To mitigate both issues, we propose an augmented FLAIM approach that maintains a private proxy of heterogeneity. We simulate our methods across a range of benchmark datasets under different degrees of heterogeneity and show we can improve utility while reducing overhead.
description: Accepted to KDD 2024
History and Genealogy: A Study of the Relationship between Genealogical Research and Interest in History
Creators: name: Patrick-Burns, Jamie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015
Subjects: Surveys
Archive users
Genealogists

description: Genealogists make up an important segment of libraries' and archives' user population. This study explores the connection between genealogical research and interest in history to better understand user interests and needs. A survey of three North Carolina genealogical societies was compared to the answers of graduate students at the University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill. The results indicate that genealogists tended to be more interested in history in general than the students and revealed some common motivations for genealogical research between the two groups. Both groups enjoyed learning the context of ancestors' lives, exploring the continuity of family traits, and building a narrative. Distinct from the students, genealogists also tended to like community, the learning process, and problem-solving. These findings can help information professionals develop more effective resources for and provide better service to their genealogist patrons.
The Dynamics of Openness and the Role of User Communities: A Case Study in the Ecosystem of Open Source Gaming Handhelds
Creators: name: Zaggl, Michael
name: Schweisfurth, Tim
name: Herstatt, Cornelius
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150302 Business Information Systems
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150301 Business Information Management (incl. Records, Knowledge and Information Management, and Intelligence)
subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: 150307 Innovation and Technology Management

description: To remain competitive, it is critical for firms to integrate external sources of knowledge. However, finding the right degree of openness is challenging, especially in complex open innovation ecosystems. The interdependencies and dynamics related to the choice of openness are not well-understood. This paper investigates the role of openness as a competitive mechanism. Specifically, we research how openness affects firms' interactions with user communities and how it changes the preference structure of customers. We build a longitudinal case study in the open source gaming handheld industry and trace the evolution and the dynamics of firms, user communities, and their interactions. We find that a suboptimal level of openness can pose a threat to a firm's very existence. Further, we identify repeated patterns characterizing the dynamics in the ecosystem. Based on these patterns, we propose a framework of the dynamics of openness. Our paper contributes to the literature on open innovation. We illuminate the relevance and the dynamics of openness as a dimension for competition. This paper also contributes to the literature on user innovation by showing a shift from manufacturer-based to user-based innovation over the course of the product lifecycle.
Effectiveness of Text  Representations in the Automatic Classification of Regional Game Design Trends in Video Game Reviews
Creators: name: Pennell, Benjamin B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008
Subjects: Review Mining
Natural language processing
Video games
Text Representation
Text mining

description: The video game industry is one of the fastest growing segments of the global  entertainment market, and thus represents the design decisions of a wide spectrum of  developers. This paper seeks to show that text mining can be used to predict trends in  game design by identifying the region and release date automatically from video game  reviews. When framed as a multi-class classification problem, a Support Vector Machine  (SVM) achieves an average predictive confidence of 30.27% for noun and verb text  representations, or by individual text representation: text windowing 11.22%, noun  phrases 32.15%, noun phrases without game titles 31.40%, noun phrases with verbs  29.66%, individual term 27.88%. The SVM achieved better performance of 52.93% when  predicting the release date trained on nouns and verbs. By text representation, the  classifier found: noun phrases 62.97%, noun phrases without game titles 55.13%, noun  phrases with verbs 61.10%, individual term 36.51% features.