cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Selecting parents for developing superior hybrids in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)
Creators: name: Dogra, B.S.
name: Kanwar, M.S.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: Estimates of general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of the crosses help to select desidered parents for hybridization and development of superior hybrids. Crosses among eight parents were attempted in a half-diallel fashion. The material comprising eight parents, 28 F1s and one check (Pusa Sanyog) was sown at two locations in Randomized Block Design with three replications. The highest estimates of general combining ability (gca) were exhibited by G2 and Gyn1 for most of the characters at both the locations. In general, there was close agreement between gca effects and per se performance, but in some cases it did not hold good, which may be due to a higher degree of gene action involved. The superior cross combinations which recorded high specific combining ability (sca) estimates and per se performance for yield and number of fruits were K-90 x G2 and K-90 x Gyn1 and hence may be exploited for the development of F1 hybrid (s) after testing their performance at multi-locations for two to three years.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 4 (2011)
Neutrino absorption by hot nuclei in supernova environments
Creators: name: Dzhioev, Alan A.
name: Vdovin, A. I.
name: Wambach, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the thermal quasiparticle random phase approximation, we study the process of neutrino and antineutrino capture on hot nuclei in supernova environments. For the sample nuclei $^{56}$Fe and $^{82}$Ge we perform a detailed analysis of thermal effects on the strength distribution of allowed Gamow-Teller transitions which dominate low-energy charged-current neutrino reactions. The finite temperature cross sections are calculated taking into account the contributions of both allowed and forbidden transitions. The enhancement of the low-energy cross sections is explained by considering thermal effects on the GT$_\pm$ strength. For $^{56}$Fe we compare the calculated finite-temperature cross sections with those obtained from large-scale shell-model calculations.
description: Minor revisions according to referee's recomendations
Cross-modulation of pathogen-specific pathways enhances malnutrition during enteric co-infection with Giardia lamblia and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Mayneris-Perxachs, Jordi
name: Papin, Jason
name: Singer, Steven M.
name: Bolick, David T.
name: Bartelt, Luther A.
name: Donowitz, Jeffery
name: Swann, Jonathan R.
name: Rogala, Allison
name: Zaenker, Edna I.
name: Guerrant, Richard L.
name: Thomas-Beckett, Rose Viguna
name: Kolling, Glynis L.
name: Medlock, Gregory L.
name: Carroll, Ian M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Diverse enteropathogen exposures associate with childhood malnutrition. To elucidate mechanistic pathways whereby enteric microbes interact during malnutrition, we used protein deficiency in mice to develop a new model of co-enteropathogen enteropathy. Focusing on common enteropathogens in malnourished children, Giardia lamblia and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC), we provide new insights into intersecting pathogen-specific mechanisms that enhance malnutrition. We show for the first time that during protein malnutrition, the intestinal microbiota permits persistent Giardia colonization and simultaneously contributes to growth impairment. Despite signals of intestinal injury, such as IL1α, Giardia-infected mice lack pro-inflammatory intestinal responses, similar to endemic pediatric Giardia infections. Rather, Giardia perturbs microbial host co-metabolites of proteolysis during growth impairment, whereas host nicotinamide utilization adaptations that correspond with growth recovery increase. EAEC promotes intestinal inflammation and markers of myeloid cell activation. During co-infection, intestinal inflammatory signaling and cellular recruitment responses to EAEC are preserved together with a Giardia-mediated diminishment in myeloid cell activation. Conversely, EAEC extinguishes markers of host energy expenditure regulatory responses to Giardia, as host metabolic adaptations appear exhausted. Integrating immunologic and metabolic profiles during co-pathogen infection and malnutrition, we develop a working mechanistic model of how cumulative diet-induced and pathogen-triggered microbial perturbations result in an increasingly wasted host.
Towards in vitro selection studies for salinity tolerance in Canino apricot cultivar. Effect of gamma irradiation on in vitro mutation and selection for salt-tolerance
Creators: name: El-Sabagh, A.S.
name: Barakat, M.N.
name: Genaidy, E.A.-E.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: In vitro mutation method was used to obtain salt-tolerant clone in apricot. Small propagules of Canino apricot cultivar were irradiated with gamma ray at doses of 0, 10, 25, 35, 50, 75 and 100 Gy. After 30 days from treatment, both the radio sensitivity and post-irradiation recovery were assessed as the number of proliferated shoots per explants, fresh weight of cultures, shoot length and productivity of irradiated explants. A sudden and sharp decrease in the survival percentage occurred with the dose 75 Gy, while the highest dose (100 Gy) was lethal for all propagules. A marked decline in the number of regenerated shoots per explant and fresh weight of produced cultures was associated with an increase of irradiation doses. Doses in the range of 10-75 Gy, which preserved high survival percentage of irradiated explants, seemed to be more suitable for in vitro mutation in Canino apricot cultivar. Irradiated shoots were exposed to different concentrations of NaCl which were added to the multiplication medium at the rates of 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 mM and after 30 days, vigorous shoots were selected from salinity treatments. In conclusion, apricot tissues exposed to different doses of gamma irradiation in the range of 10-75 Gy, followed by culturing the plantlets produced in a medium containing additional salts (ranging from 25 to 125 mM) can be considered a good method to identify the most tolerant mutants to salts in apricot cultivars.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 4 (2011)
Potato response to potassium application rates and timing under semi-arid conditions
Creators: name: Karam, F.
name: Massaad, R.
name: Skaf, S.
name: Breidy, J.
name: Rouphael, Y.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: A two-year experiment (2004-2005) was conducted at Tal Amara Research Station in the Bekaa Valley of Lebanon to evaluate the influence of progressive application of K rates and application timing on yield, yield components and tuber quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Agria). Four levels of potassium (0 (K0), 75 (K75), 150 (K150), and 225 (K225) kg K2O ha-1) and two application timings (tuber initiation and tuber bulking stages) were used in a split-plot design. The progressive application of potassium fertilizer from 0 to 225 kg K2O ha-1 significantly affected the yield and yield components of potato. In both years, small grade tubers and aggregate tuber yield increased quadratically with increasing K application rates up to 150 kg K2O ha-1, reaching a plateau thereafter, showing luxury consumption of the nutrient at 225 kg K2O ha-1. In 2004 when averaged over K application rates, large and medium grade tubers and aggregated tuber yield were 120%, 22%, and 12% greater, respectively, with K application at tuber bulking than at tuber initiation. A similar trend was also observed in 2005, when the small grade tubers and aggregate tuber yield were 20% and 12% higher, respectively, with K application at tuber bulking than at tuber initiation stage. Finally, no significant difference among treatments was observed for tuber dry matter (avg. 19.8%) and specific gravity (1.08 g cm-3).
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 4 (2011)
Flakhelferinnen: Women and Nazi Gender Ideology in the German Anti-Aircraft Artillery Forces
Creators: name: Walley, Natassia
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Flakhelferinnen
Flakhelfer
BDM
Blitzmädel

description: Flakhelferinne: Women and Nazi Gender Ideology in the German Anti-Aircraft Artillery Forces
Modern trends of Citrus pruning in Italy
Creators: name: Intrigliolo, F.
name: Roccuzzo, G.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: The citrus industry is at present increasingly oriented toward upgrading groves, discarding obsolete plantings and introducing new rootstock/scion combinations which are more tailored to local environmental conditions. A rise in production costs (but without a proportionate increase in profit) together with technological innovation have both led to many changes in citrus orchard management, and consequently there have been changes in cultural techniques. Many cultural and edaphic factors influence the choice of pruning frequency and intensity. The main goal of pruning is to reach a useful balance between yield and growth, and to reduce cultivation costs. Drastic pruning in young citrus trees with a vigorous vegetative habit causes an excess of shoot growth, thereby extending the juvenile stage and delaying fruiting. Adaptation of the technique to local conditions in bearing groves (species, cultivars, planting distances, etc.) is mandatory for pruning optimization. A fully mechanised approach to pruning leads to substantial changes in citrus grove management and sometimes to negative effects on yield. Functional integration of mechanical and assisted pruning seems to be the right choice for the Italian citrus industry.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 3 (2011)
Discovery of GeV gamma-ray emission from PWN Kes 75 and PSR J1846-0258
Creators: name: Straal, Samayra M.
name: Gelfand, Joseph D.
name: Eagle, Jordan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of gamma-ray emission from PWN Kes 75 and PSR J1846-0258. Through modeling the spectral energy distribution incorporating the new Fermi-LAT data, we find the the observed gamma-ray emission is likely a combination of both the PWN and pulsar magnetosphere. The spectral shape of this magnetospheric emission is similar to the gamma-ray spectrum of rotation powered pulsars detected by Fermi-LAT and the results from our best-fit model suggest the pulsar's magnetospheric emission accounts for 1% of the current spin-down luminosity. Prior works attempted to characterize the properties of this system and found a low supernova explosion energy and low SN ejecta mass. We re-analyze the broadband emission incorporating the new Fermi emission and compare the implications of our results to prior reports. The best-fit gamma-ray emission model suggests a second very hot photon field possibly generated by the stellar wind of a Wolf-Rayet star embedded within the nebula, which supports the low ejecta mass found for the progenitor in prior reports and here in the scenario of binary mass transfer.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Device-Independent Relativistic Quantum Bit Commitment
Creators: name: Adlam, Emily
name: Kent, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We examine the possibility of device-independent relativistic quantum bit commitment. We note the potential threat of {\it location attacks}, in which the behaviour of untrusted devices used in relativistic quantum cryptography depends on their space-time location. We describe relativistic quantum bit commitment schemes that are immune to these attacks, and show that these schemes offer device-independent security against hypothetical post-quantum adversaries subject only to the no-signalling principle. We compare a relativistic classical bit commitment scheme with similar features, and note some possible advantages of the quantum schemes.
Number of Attention Heads vs Number of Transformer-Encoders in Computer Vision
Creators: name: Hrycej, Tomas
name: Bermeitinger, Bernhard
name: Handschuh, Siegfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Determining an appropriate number of attention heads on one hand and the number of transformer-encoders, on the other hand, is an important choice for Computer Vision (CV) tasks using the Transformer architecture. Computing experiments confirmed the expectation that the total number of parameters has to satisfy the condition of overdetermination (i.e., number of constraints significantly exceeding the number of parameters). Then, good generalization performance can be expected. This sets the boundaries within which the number of heads and the number of transformers can be chosen. If the role of context in images to be classified can be assumed to be small, it is favorable to use multiple transformers with a low number of heads (such as one or two). In classifying objects whose class may heavily depend on the context within the image (i.e., the meaning of a patch being dependent on other patches), the number of heads is equally important as that of transformers.
Internal kinematics of the MW dwarf spheroidal satellites revealed by Gaia DR3
Creators: name: Martínez-García, Alberto Manuel
name: del Pino, Andrés
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Dwarf galaxies are the most abundant in the Universe. They show a wide variety of morphologies, gas contents, and SFHs, none of which are fully understood. Due to their low self-gravity, they are more susceptible to stellar feedback and hydrodynamic forces, and so are natural laboratories for star-formation and galaxy-formation models. The Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxies offers us a chance to study the processes affecting the evolution of dwarfs in ways that are impossible elsewhere. Their proximity allows us to obtain valuable information about their stellar content and, up to some extend, their internal kinematics through the study of the line-of-sigh (LOS) velocities of their stars. However, having only 1D velocity information is not enough to determine the dynamical state of these systems, a crucial piece of information to understand their formation and evolution. In order to shed light on the internal kinematics of the MW satellites, we have combined proper motions (PM) from the Gaia Data Release 3 and line-of-sight velocity catalogues from the literature for 14 dwarf satellites of the MW. This has enabled us to derive the 3D velocity vector of their individual stars and to study, for the first time, their internal kinematics in 3D of six of the galaxies. We find significant velocity gradients in most of them and that the interaction with the MW has played a key role in their evolution.
Influence of crop cycle and nitrogen manure form on yield and nitrate content of leafy, hypocotyl and fruit vegetables
Creators: name: Caruso, G.
name: Conti, S.
name: La Rocca, P.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: Research was carried out in Latina province (Italy) on rocket, radish and zucchini grown under tunnel. Ten treatments, obtained by the factorial combination of two crop cycles (autumn-winter and winter-spring) and six nitrogen fertilizer forms (organic, organic-mineral, mineral in three modes, control with no nitrogen fer- tilization) were compared. The effects of these treatments were evaluated in terms of yield and nitrate content in the edible organs. In rocket, no significant difference in yield was detected between the autumn-winter and winter-spring crop cycles, although the former cycle resulted in a higher leaf nitrate content. The organic fertilizer treatment and the N-unfertilized control gave the lowest yields, but the mineral fertilizers caused the highest leaf nitrate accumulation. Radish yield did not vary between the two crop cycles, but the hypocotyl nitrate content was higher in the autumn-winter cycle. The crops fertilized with the two highest mineral supplies produced the highest yields, compared with the organic or organic-mineral treatments. In the autumn-winter crop, the mineral N fertilization resulted in the highest hypocotyl nitrate content, whereas in the winter-spring crop only the highest mineral N dose caused a higher nitrate content compared with the organic fertilizer. The highest zucchini yield was obtained from the winter-spring cycle at the two highest mineral fertilizer supplies. In the autumn-winter crop the highest mineral nitrogen dose resulted in the highest fruit nitrate content, while in winter-spring the two highest supplies caused this effect.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 2 (2011)
Dennstaedtia dissecta T. Moore, Index Fil.
Creators: name: Schwartsburd, Pedro B.
name: Navarrete, Hugo
name: Smith, Alan R.
name: Kessler, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Dennstaedtiaceae
Dennstaedtia
Dennstaedtia dissecta

description: Dennstaedtia dissecta (Sw.) T.Moore, Index Fil. 305. 1861.
 Range:— Greater Antilles; Mexico to western side of the Andes to Ecuador; southeastern Brazil. In Bolivia, known from BE and LP.
 Ecology:— Terrestrial in humid lowland forest and montane forest; 400–1700 m.
 Notes:— The identity and delimitation of this species has long been problematic (see Tryon 1960, Tryon & Tryon 1982, Proctor 1985, Navarrete & Øllgaard 2000). It has sometimes been included under the name D. obtusifolia, but at other times it has been combined with D. cornuta. As defined here, D. dissecta can be recognized by the repent or subterranean rhizomes, blade texture, indusial shape, and ecology. Dennstaedtia dissecta has an herbaceous blade texture and is found at lower elevations than D. obtusifolia, which also in general is a larger and more robust plant. The shape of the indusia (rounded) clearly separates D. dissecta from D. cornuta (purse-shaped indusia).
description: Published as part of Schwartsburd, Pedro B., Navarrete, Hugo, Smith, Alan R. & Kessler, Michael, 2017, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXVI. Dennstaedtiaceae, pp. 251-268 in Phytotaxa 332 (3) on page 254, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.332.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13723580
Localized State-Induced Enhanced Intrinsic Phonon-Free Optical Transition in Silicon Nanocrystals
Creators: name: Wang, Feilong
name: Ou, Qiongrong
name: Zhang, Shuyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon photoluminescence and lasing have been critical issues to breakthrough bottlenecks in the understanding of luminescence mechanisms. Unfortunately, long-standing disputes about the exciton recombination mechanism and fluorescence lifetime remain unresolved, especially about whether silicon nanocrystals (Si NCs) can realize fast direct-bandgap-like optical transitions. Here, using ground-state and excited-state density functional theory (DFT), we obtained intrinsic phonon-free optical transitions at sizes from Si22 to Si705, showing that very small Si NCs can realize a strong direct optical transition. Orbital labeling results show that this rapid transition does not come from the Γ-Γ -like transition, contrary to the conclusions from the effective mass approximation (EMA) and that Γ-X mixing leads to a quasi-direct bandgap. This anomalous transition is particularly intense with decreasing size (or enhancement of quantum confinement). By investigating electron and hole distributions generated in the optical transition, localized state-induced enhanced emission (LIEE) in Si NCs was proposed. Quantum confinement (QC) distorts the excited-state electron spatial distribution by localizing Bloch waves into the NC core, resulting in increased hole and electron overlap, thus inducing a fast optical process. This work resolves important debates and proposes LIEE to explain the anomalous luminescence--a phase transition from weak (or none) luminescent state to strong optical transition, which will aid attempts at realizing high-radiative-rate NCs materials and application-level Si lasers.
Dectin-2 is a primary receptor for NLRP3 inflammasome activation in dendritic cell response to Histoplasma capsulatum
Creators: name: Hsu, Li-Chung
name: Netea, Mihai G.
name: Huang, Juin-Hua
name: Chang, Tzu-Hsuan
name: Ting, Jenny P.-Y.
name: Lee, Yu-Hsiang
name: Lin, Hsiu-Chao
name: Chen, Wen-Yu
name: Wu-Hsieh, Betty A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Inflammasome is an intracellular protein complex that serves as cytosolic pattern recognition receptor (PRR) to engage with pathogens and to process cytokines of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family into bioactive molecules. It has been established that interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is important to host defense against Histoplasma capsulatum infection. However, the detailed mechanism of how H. capsulatum induces inflammasome activation leading to IL-1β production has not been studied. Here, we showed in dendritic cells (DCs) that H. capsulatum triggers caspase-1 activation and IL-1β production through NLRP3 inflammasome. By reciprocal blocking of Dectin-1 or Dectin-2 in single receptor-deficient DCs and cells from Clec4n-/-, Clec7a-/-, and Clec7a-/-Clec4n-/- mice, we discovered that while Dectin-2 operates as a primary receptor, Dectin-1 serves as a secondary one for NLRP3 inflammasome. In addition, both receptors trigger Syk-JNK signal pathway to activate signal 1 (pro-IL-1β synthesis) and signal 2 (activation of caspase-1). Results of pulmonary infection with H. capsulatum showed that CD103+ DCs are one of the major producers of IL-1β and Dectin-2 and Dectin-1 double deficiency abolishes their IL-1β response to the fungus. While K+ efflux and cathepsin B (but not ROS) function as signal 2, viable but not heat-killed H. capsulatum triggers profound lysosomal rupture leading to cathepsin B release. Interestingly, cathepsin B release is regulated by ERK/JNK downstream of Dectin-2 and Dectin-1. Our study demonstrates for the first time the unique roles of Dectin-2 and Dectin-1 in triggering Syk-JNK to activate signal 1 and 2 for H. capsulatum-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
The Regulators of Citizenship: The Labor Law Establishment and Domestic Workers in Brazil, 1922-1972
Creators: name: Ferreira, Daniel T.
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Brazil
subject: Household employees
subject: Household employees--Labor unions
subject: Household employees--Legal status, laws, etc.
subject: Household employees--Religious life
subject: Household employees--Social conditions
subject: Women household employees
subject: History
subject: Labor laws and legislation
subject: Labor laws and legislation, International
subject: Bureaucracy--Decision making
subject: Vargas, Getúlio, 1883-1954
subject: Brazil. Ministério do Trabalho e Previdência Social
subject: Brazil. Ministério do Trabalho, Indústria e Comércio
subject: Instituto Nacional de Previdência Social

description: This thesis presents a history of domestic worker rights in Brazil between 1922 and 1972. Between 1922 and 1937, activists almost secured protections for household workers along with other urban laborers. Between 1937 and 1960, the Labor Ministry bureaucracy made a technocratic decision to exclude them from labor laws and Social Security. Between 1960 and 1972, a combination of activism and technocratic goodwill secures household workers with their first set of enforceable rights. Beyond household work, the thesis describes the inner workings of the Brazilian Labor Ministry bureaucracy during the mid-twentieth century.
Spatial and dynamical structure of the NGC 2264 star-forming region
Creators: name: Flaccomio, E.
name: Micela, G.
name: Peres, G.
name: Sciortino, S.
name: Salvaggio, E.
name: Prisinzano, L.
name: Guarcello, M. G.
name: Venuti, L.
name: Bonito, R.
name: Pillitteri, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The processes that lead from molecular clouds to protostars, stellar associations, and the evolution of both, are active research topics. The target of this study, NGC2264, is a benchmark star-forming region (SFR) in which these issues can be profitably studied. We assembled a new extensive sample of NGC 2264 members. To this end we used new X-ray data obtained with the XMM-Newton telescope, GAIA eDR3 data, and an extensive collection of public and published catalogs. Following a previous suggestion that the SFR might extend significantly beyond the better studied areas, our search covers a wide 2.5x2.5 degrees region in the sky. Our catalog comprises more than 2200 candidate members, a ~100% increase over previous determinations. We analyze their spatial distribution and define new substructures. Using GAIA parallaxes we estimate a new average distance to NGC2264 of 722+/-2pc and suggest that the embedded Spokes subregion is ~20pc farther away within the molecular cloud. A complex dynamics is unveiled by the available proper motions and radial velocities: we observe signs of global expansion and rotation. At the same time, we observe the collapse and coalescence of two substructures in a region where active star formation is taking place. The fraction of stars with disks and of those undergoing circumstellar accretion varies significantly across the field, suggesting that star formation has been occurring for several million years. A particularly low disk fraction around the O VII star S Mon might be attributed to external disk photoevaporation or to an older age of the stars in the region. NGC2264 is not dynamically relaxed and its present configuration is the result of multiple dynamical processes. The cloud has been forming stars for several million years and we identify the process that is likely responsible for the ongoing formation activity.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
The Potentials of Curcumin and Tetrahydrocurcumin in Hepatic Lipid and Glucose Metabolism Related Diabetes Mellitus and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases
Creators: name: Nattharat Jearapong
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU
Year: 2015
Subjects: Curcuma longa
curcumin
diabetes mellitus
non-alcohollic fatty liver disease
tetrahydrocurcumin

description: Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11, 1, 18-29
The status of chestnut cultivation and utilization in the Canary Islands
Creators: name: Ríos-Mesa, D.
name: Pereira-Lorenzo, S.
name: González-Díaz, A.J.
name: Hernández-González, J.Z.
name: González-Diaz, E.
name: Galán Saúco, V.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: Chestnut was introduced to the Canary Islands at the beginning of the 16th century during the time of the Spanish Conquest. It was utilised by the conquerors as a means of claiming property for communal lands. From that time until today, chestnut has been an important crop in the Canary Islands. It is important both as a source of food and timber and has contributed to the subsistence of the population, particularly at times when both resources were scarce. Nowadays it is mainly cultivated on the Islands of Tenerife (around 1300 ha) and La Palma. On other islands, such as Gran Canaria, La Gomera and El Hierro, semi-wild chestnut forests and small plots where farmers collect fruit still exist. Morphological and molecular marker (SSRs) studies have shown a great variability within the local population of chestnut trees in the Canaries. The main use for chestnut is fruit consumption, but it was also utilised in the past as an exchange commodity to obtain fish and other food. The fruit is consumed in many different ways, mainly toasted or roasted, but also cooked in soups, fish or meat dishes and even as an ingredient for the typical Canary Islands’ sweet ‘morcillas’ (a type of sausage). The wood of the tree has been used for furniture, with some shoots being utilised for basket making, and also as cattle food. The trunk of the chestnut has also been used to obtain cork or as a bee hive. Recent efforts to add value to chestnut cultivation in the Canary Islands have included the creation of a Chestnut Farmers Association in Tenerife that commercializes their products under a brand name.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 2 (2011)
Breaking Degeneracies in Formation Histories by Measuring Refractory Content in Gas Giants
Creators: name: Chachan, Yayaati
name: Knutson, Heather A.
name: Lothringer, Joshua
name: Blake, Geoffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relating planet formation to atmospheric composition has been a long-standing goal of the planetary science community. So far, most modeling studies have focused on predicting the enrichment of heavy elements and the C/O ratio in giant planet atmospheres. Although this framework provides useful constraints on the potential formation locations of gas giant exoplanets, carbon and oxygen measurements alone are not enough to determine where a given gas giant planet originated. Here, we show that characterizing the abundances of refractory elements (e.g., silicon, iron) can break these degeneracies. Refractory elements are present in the solid phase throughout most of the disk and their atmospheric abundances therefore reflect the solid-to-gas accretion ratio during formation. We introduce a new framework that parameterizes the atmospheric abundances of gas giant exoplanets in the form of three ratios: Si/H, O/Si, and C/Si. Si/H traces the solid-to-gas accretion ratio of a planet and is loosely equivalent to earlier notions of 'metallicity'. For O/Si and C/Si, we present a global picture of their variation with distance and time based on what we know from the solar system meteorites and an updated understanding of the variations of thermal processing within protoplanetary disks. We show that ultra-hot Jupiters are ideal targets for atmospheric characterization studies using this framework, as we can measure the abundances of refractories, oxygen and carbon in the gas phase. Finally, we propose that hot Jupiters with silicate clouds and low water abundances might have accreted their envelopes between the soot line and the water snowline.
description: accepted to ApJ on Nov 22, 2022. Added DOI and journal ref
Spin-orbit coupled ultracold gases in optical lattices: High-band physics and insufficiency of tight-binding models
Creators: name: Zhou, Lihong
name: Cui, Xiaoling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay effect of spin-orbit coupling(SOC) and optical lattice to the single-particle physics and superfluid-insulator transition in ultracold Fermi gases. We consider the type of SOC that has been realized in cold atoms experiments via two-photon Raman processes. Our analyses are based on the knowledge of full single-particle spectrum in lattices, without relying on any tightbinding approximation.We evaluate existing tight-binding models and point out their limitations in predicting the correct single-particle physics due to the missed high-band contributions. Moreover, we show that the Raman field (creating SOC) can induce band-gap closing in a two-dimensional optical lattice, leading to the intriguing phenomenon of superfluidity-reentrance for interacting fermions at integer filling. We present the superfluid-insulator phase diagram in a wide parameter regime of chemical potentials and Raman fields. All these results are far beyond any tight-binding model can predict, and can be directly probed in current cold atoms experiments.
description: 5+2.5 pages, 4 figures, accepted version by PRB(R)
Discrete space-time resetting model: Application to first-passage and transmission statistics
Creators: name: Das, Debraj
name: Giuggioli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dynamics of lattice random walks with resetting. The walker moving randomly on a lattice of arbitrary dimensions resets at every time step to a given site with a constant probability $r$. We construct a discrete renewal equation and present closed-form expressions for different quantities of the resetting dynamics in terms of the underlying reset-free propagator or Green's function. We apply our formalism to the biased random walk dynamics in one-dimensional unbounded space and show how one recovers in the continuous limits results for diffusion with resetting. The resetting dynamics of biased random walker in one-dimensional domain bounded with periodic and reflecting boundaries is also analyzed. Depending on the bias the first-passage probability in periodic domain shows multi-fold non-monotonicity as $r$ is varied. Finally, we apply our formalism to study the transmission dynamics of two lattice walkers with resetting in one-dimensional domain bounded by periodic and reflecting boundaries. The probability of a definite transmission between the walkers shows non-monotonic behavior as the resetting probabilities are varied.
description: v1: 32 pages, 10 figures
Latest results with QUIJOTE: Anomalous Microwave Emission in compact regions at 10–20 GHz
Creators: name: Caraballo, Carlos Hugo López
name: QUIJOTE Collaboration
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: radiation mechanisms: general – ISM: individual object: – Molecular Cloud and Supernova Remnant : – diffuse radiation – radio continuum: ISM

description: The detailed understanding of the Galactic emission processes in the frequency range from 1 to 3000\,GHz is crucial for a state-of-the-art characterization of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) both in intensity and polarization. In the last two decades, the Anomalous Microwave Emission has emerged as a new continuum emission mechanism in microwaves, different from the three well-known Galactic mechanisms: synchrotron, free–free, and thermal dust emission. A remarkable observational effort has been devoted to the understanding of the intensity and polarization properties. In intensity, its spectral signature is detected over almost the entire sky in the frequency range from 10 to 60\,GHz, reaching a maximum around 30\,GHz. In this context, the QUIJOTE-MFI wide survey, covering the northern sky at 10-20\,GHz range, is useful for pinning down the AME spectrum at low frequencies, allowing a more reliable separation between the AME and other components than in previous analysis. In this poster, I will present the spectral energy distribution characterization of AME in Galactic compact regions, using the QUIJOTE-MFI survey. In particular, I will discuss the AME properties in HII region and molecular clouds, and the presence of AME in supernova remnants.
Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Grape Seed and Peel Extracts
Creators: name: Chontira Khawee
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU
Year: 2015
Subjects: grape seed and peel
total phenolic compounds
Free Radicals Scavenging Capacity
Antibacterial activity

description: Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11, 1, 30-43
Chasing ICM cooling and AGN feedback from the macro to the meso scales in the galaxy cluster ZwCl 235
Creators: name: Ubertosi, F.
name: Gitti, M.
name: Brighenti, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to investigate the AGN/ICM interplay in ZwCl 235, a galaxy cluster with high X-ray flux, an extended central radio galaxy, and evidence of multi-phase gas at its center. Using archival data from the Chandra telescope, the VLASS survey, the LOTSS survey and the VLBA telescope, we perform a complete study of ZwCl 235, dissecting the dynamics of the ICM, the thermodynamic state of the central gas, and the properties of the BCG. By means of radial profiles and 2D spectral maps, we measure the temperature, entropy and cooling time of the ICM, and we compare the morphology of the central radio galaxy with the surrounding medium. We find evidence that ZwCl 235 is a sloshing cool core cluster in which the activity of the central galaxy has excavated a pair of cavities and possibly uplifted enriched gas to an altitude of ~30 kpc. In the cluster core, the lowest entropy ICM is preferentially found in a 20 kpc-long filament tangential to the southern radio lobe of the AGN. We argue that the observed cool (~1.3 keV) filament is likely produced by a combination of sloshing and stimulated ICM cooling, that may be fueling the central supermassive black hole. Additionally, we determine that the X-ray emission of the BCG originates from a ~1.4 keV plasma kernel which extends for 5 kpc in radius and has a short cooling time (~240 Myr), and could represent the thermal corona of the BCG. Overall, we propose that several sources (the large scale ICM, the low entropy filament and the ~1.4 keV kernel) of cold material are currently feeding the central AGN, and that the ICM cooling cycle expectations are met from the macro scales (between 5 - 100 kpc) to the meso scales (<5 kpc) of AGN feedback.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Outcome of Disease Management on HbA1C in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Treated with Insulin Injection in Lueamnat Hospital
Amnat Charoen Province
Creators: name: Pilaipan Jantaprasan
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU
Year: 2015
Subjects: disease management
diabetic patient
insulin injection
satisfaction
HbA1c

description: Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11, 1, 44-57
Practical Statistics for Particle Physicists
Creators: name: Prosper, Harrison B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a few of the key ideas of statistical analysis using two real-world examples to illustrate how these ideas are used in practice.
description: presented at the 2012 European School of High-Energy Physics, La Pommeraye, Anjou, France, 6-19 June 2012
Membership Inference Attacks and Generalization: A Causal Perspective
Creators: name: Baluta, Teodora
name: Shen, Shiqi
name: Hitarth, S.
name: Tople, Shruti
name: Saxena, Prateek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Membership inference (MI) attacks highlight a privacy weakness in present stochastic training methods for neural networks. It is not well understood, however, why they arise. Are they a natural consequence of imperfect generalization only? Which underlying causes should we address during training to mitigate these attacks? Towards answering such questions, we propose the first approach to explain MI attacks and their connection to generalization based on principled causal reasoning. We offer causal graphs that quantitatively explain the observed MI attack performance achieved for $6$ attack variants. We refute several prior non-quantitative hypotheses that over-simplify or over-estimate the influence of underlying causes, thereby failing to capture the complex interplay between several factors. Our causal models also show a new connection between generalization and MI attacks via their shared causal factors. Our causal models have high predictive power ($0.90$), i.e., their analytical predictions match with observations in unseen experiments often, which makes analysis via them a pragmatic alternative.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures; added CC-license block icons and links, typos corrected, added reference to Github
HIV-1 infection depletes human CD34+CD38- hematopoietic progenitor cells via pDC-dependent mechanisms
Creators: name: Qin, Enqiang
name: Zhang, Zheng
name: Cheng, Liang
name: Zhang, Liguo
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Jiang, Qi
name: Tu, Bo
name: Li, Guangming
name: Kan, Sheng
name: Zhao, Juanjuan
name: Su, Lishan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Chronic human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in patients leads to multi-lineage hematopoietic abnormalities or pancytopenia. The deficiency in hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) induced by HIV-1 infection has been proposed, but the relevant mechanisms are poorly understood. We report here that both human CD34+CD38- early and CD34+CD38+ intermediate HPCs were maintained in the bone marrow (BM) of humanized mice. Chronic HIV-1 infection preferentially depleted CD34+CD38- early HPCs in the BM and reduced their proliferation potential in vivo in both HIV-1-infected patients and humanized mice, while CD34+CD38+ intermediate HSCs were relatively unaffected. Strikingly, depletion of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) prevented human CD34+CD38- early HPCs from HIV-1 infection-induced depletion and functional impairment and restored the gene expression profile of purified CD34+ HPCs in humanized mice. These findings suggest that pDCs contribute to the early hematopoietic suppression induced by chronic HIV-1 infection and provide a novel therapeutic target for the hematopoiesis suppression in HIV-1 patients.
Evaluations Of Outpatients Proper Use Of Insulin Injections And Counseling By Pharmacist In Nopparat Rajathanee Hospital
Creators: name: Chayanin Kumlung
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU
Year: 2015
Subjects: evaluations
counseling
insulin injections

description: Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 11, 1, 58-78
Non-Gaussian distribution of collective operators in quantum spin chains
Creators: name: Moreno-Cardoner, M.
name: Sherson, J. F.
name: De Chiara, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically analyse the behavior of the full distribution of collective observables in quantum spin chains. While most of previous studies of quantum critical phenomena are limited to the first moments, here we demonstrate how quantum fluctuations at criticality lead to highly non-Gaussian distributions thus violating the central limit theorem. Interestingly, we show that the distributions for different system sizes collapse after scaling on the same curve for a wide range of transitions: first and second order quantum transitions and transitions of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless type. We propose and carefully analyse the feasibility of an experimental reconstruction of the distribution using light-matter interfaces for atoms in optical lattices or in optical resonators.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures; last version close to published version
Hydrogen embrittlement of twinning-induced plasticity steels: contribution of segregation to twin boundaries
Creators: name: Khanchandani, Heena
name: Rolli, Rolf
name: Schneider, Hans-Christian
name: Kirchlechner, Christoph
name: Gault, Baptiste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metallic materials, especially steel, underpin transportation technologies. High-manganese twinning induced plasticity (TWIP) austenitic steels exhibit exceptional strength and ductility from twins, low-energy microstructural defects that form during plastic loading. Their high-strength could help light-weighting vehicles, and hence cut carbon emissions. TWIP steels are however very sensitive to hydrogen embrittlement that causes dramatic losses of ductility and toughness leading to catastrophic failure of engineering parts. Here, we examine the atomic-scale chemistry and interaction of hydrogen with twin boundaries in a model TWIP steel by using isotope-labelled atom probe tomography, using tritium to avoid overlap with residual hydrogen. We reveal co-segregation of tritium and, unexpectedly, oxygen to coherent twin boundaries, and discuss their combined role in the embrittlement of these promising steels.
Quasi-probability representations of quantum computing
Creators: name: Koukoulekidis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: If universal quantum computing is Tartarus, the mythical underworld where Titans are tormented, then magic is Charon, the ferryman tasked to get you there. Shifting perspective often reveals simpler solutions to hard problems. In this the- sis, we shift our view of quantum computing from the Hilbert space picture to a geometric picture of a discrete phase space on which computational elements can be represented through quasi-probability distributions. In this new picture, we recog- nize new ways to refine the theory of quantum computing. Magic states play a crucial role in upgrading fault-tolerant computational frame- works beyond classically efficient capabilities and simulation techniques. Theories of magic have so far attempted to quantify this computational element via coarse- grained monotones and determine how these states may be efficiently transformed into useful forms. Using a quasi-probability representation of quantum states on a discrete phase space, it is known that we can identify useful magic states by the presence of negative probabilities. This thesis utilizes this representation to develop a novel statistical mechanical framework that provides a more fine-grained descrip- tion of magic state transformations as well as to develop classical algorithms that simulate quantum circuits containing magic states more efficiently. We show that majorization allows us to quantify disorder in the Wigner repre- sentation, leading to entropic bounds on magic distillation rates. The bounds are shown to be more restraining than previous bounds based on monotones and can be used to incorporate features of the distillation protocol, such as invariances of CSS protocols, as well as hardware physics, such as temperature dependence and sys- tem Hamiltonians. We also show that a subset of single-shot R ́enyi entropies remain well-defined on quasi-probability distributions, are fully meaningful in terms of data processing and can acquire negative values that signal magic. Moreover, we propose classical sub-routines that reduce the sampling overhead for important classical samplers with run-times that depend on the negativity present in the Wigner representation. We show that the run-times of our sub-routines scale polynomially in circuit size and gate depth. We also demonstrate numerically that our methods provide improved scaling in the sampling overhead for random circuits with Clifford+T and Haar-random gates, while the performance of our methods compares favorably with prior simulators based on quasi-probability representations as the number of non-Clifford gates increases.