Eperua oleifera Ducke 1932
Creators: name: Fortes, Elenice A.
name: Dos, Ilka P.
name: Steege, Hans Ter
name: Aymard, Gerardo
name: Secco, Ricardo De S.
name: Martins-Da-Silva, Regina Célia V.
name: Mansano, Vidal F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Eperua
Eperua oleifera

description: 14. Eperua oleifera Ducke (1932: 728)   
 Type (designated by Cowan 1975): — BRAZIL. Amazonas: Borba, Rio Madeira, 16 January 1930, Ducke W. A. RB23290 (lectotype R [000028782]!, isolectotypes F-frag.[0057804] image!, G not seen, INPA collection number 234506 image!, K [000555093] image!, K [000858688] image!, NY [00004382] image!, NY [00004383] image!, NY [01185435] image!, P [00252888] image!, RB sheet I [00585686]!, & sheet II[00539606]!, S collection number S-R-8709 image!, U [0003233] image!, US [00001149]!).   
 Tree 18.0–30.0 m tall, or treelet, or shrub 1.5–9.0 m tall. Trunk 3.0–60.0 cm in diameter, bark grayish, brown with grey spots, striate. Stipules 1.5–4.3 × 1.3–4.0 mm, joined, non-foliaceous, persistent. Leaves (2–)3–4(–5)-jugate; petioles 0.8–4.2 cm long; rachis 1.6–16.6 cm long; petiolules 2.2–8.1 mm long; blades 4.6–13.7 × 2.6–7.7(–10.6) cm, coriaceous to chartaceous, glabrous, very nitid adaxially, conspicuous pellucid-punctate, discolorous, sometimes not discolorous, equilateral, lower pair elliptic, sometimes broadly elliptic to ovate, middle pair elliptic, sometimes broadly elliptic to ovate, upper pair elliptic, sometimes broadly elliptic to ovate, apex acuminate, sometimes retuse, base symmetrical, sometimes asymmetrical, lower pair base rounded, subcordate to cordate, or obtuse to rounded, rarely cordate, middle pair base rounded, subcordate to cordate, or obtuse, sometimes rounded, upper pair base obtuse, rounded, subcordate to cordate, or obtuse to cuneate, sometimes rounded, margin flat, secondary venation with one intramarginal vein very close to the margin, main vein straight, depressed on the adaxial surface, tertiary veins very conspicuous, prominent on the adaxial surface, rarely not prominent, or conspicuous to inconspicuous, not prominent on the adaxial surface, rarely prominent, areoles conspicuous, larger, plane. Inflorescences terminal or ramiflorous, sometimes axillary, panicle, sometimes raceme, erect, strigose to tomentose, rarely pubescent, brownish-yellow, 3.0– 12.3 cm long, lateral racemes 0.9–6.2 cm long, alternate and distichous; bracts 1.0–2.8 × 0.5–1.8 mm, ovate, rarely broadly ovate, apex gland absent, tomentose to tomentulose externally, glabrous within, brownish-yellow, caducous to persistent; bracteoles 1.0–2.8 × 0.8–1.9 mm, ovate, apex gland absent, tomentose externally, glabrous within, brownish-yellow, persistent, attached to the higher portion of the pedicels or at the base of the hypanthium; pedicel 3.7–14.1 mm long, 0.4–1.4 mm in diameter, not twisted, tomentulose to tomentose, sometimes tomentulose, rarely pubescent, brownish-yellow; buds 0.5–1.0 cm long, 0.3–0.7 cm in diameter, tomentose, brownish-yellow. Flowers: hypanthium 0.9–3.4 mm long, 1.2–4.0 mm in in diameter, cup-shaped, equilateral, tomentulose to tomentose, sometimes strigose, brownish-yellow; sepal 0.4–1.0 × 0.2–0.7 cm, elliptic to ovate, rarely oblong, unequal, the dorsal one larger, cucullate, apex gland absent, pale-green, yelowish-green to reddish-pink, strigulose, tomentulose to tomentose externally, scarious marginally, brownish-yellow; adaxial petal 1.7–3.8 × 2.0– 5.7 cm, flabellate, tubular, apex rounded, crisped, base attenuate, gibbous, lilac, bluish-lavender, purple, pink-purple to pink, glabrous; petalodia 0.1–1.3 × 0.1–0.6 mm; stamens inserted, joined basally in a diadelphous sheath, dorsal one free, longer filaments 0.7–1.8 cm long, shorter filaments 1.5–3.7 cm long, sheath inequilateral to slightly inequilateral, shorter side 2.2–6.7 mm long, longer side 1.7– 8.5 mm long, sheath villous, sometimes pubescent basally, free filaments glabrous, brownish-yellow, shorter stamens anthers 0.3–1.2 × 0.3–1.0 mm, square to ovate, apiculate, longer stamens anthers 0.9–2.0 × 0.2–1.2 mm, rectangular, apiculate, rarely ovate with acute apex; ovary 1.4–7.6 × 0.8–3.5 mm, obovate, glabrous, 3–8 ovules, stipe 1.4–4.2 mm long, glabrous, style 1.3–2.5 cm long, stigma capitate to obtuse, villous to papillose. Legumes 6.5–11.8 × 3.3–6.0 cm, stipe 0.5–1.8 cm long, oblanceolate to obovate, apex obtuse to truncate, apiculate, margin entire, cinnamon, brown to purplish-brown, veins absent, glabrous, pitted. Seeds 1–2 per fruit, 2.9 × 1.4 cm, elliptic, dark-brown, nitid, pitted reticulate.   
 Conservation status:— Categorized as Least Concern (LC) according to the IUCN criteria (IUCN 2012, IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee 2022). The estimated extent of occurrence for the species is 155,436.182 km 2 and the estimated area of occupancy is 112.000 km 2.   
 Eperua oleifera has to varieties: E. oleifera var. oleifera and E. oleifera var. campestris.
description: Published as part of Fortes, Elenice A., Dos, Ilka P., Steege, Hans Ter, Aymard, Gerardo, Secco, Ricardo De S., Martins-Da-Silva, Regina Célia V. & Mansano, Vidal F., 2023, A taxonomic revision of the genus Eperua (Leguminosae, Detarioideae, Detarieae), pp. 1-127 in Phytotaxa 617 (1) on pages 75-76, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8389766