cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effects of fish waste and oxytetracycline on the microbenthos
Creators: name: Wu, Henry C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Fish feed, feces and oxytetracycline (OTC) were added to sediment microcosm tanks in 1990, and the physical and biological changes in the benthic environment were followed over a period of 28 days. The main objective was to study the response of the microfauna (benthic microbial and protozoan communities) to fish waste. Results indicated that anoxic and highly reducing conditions were quickly reached in the sediments within a day, with a shift away from microbially mediated sulphate reduction to methanogenesis in the degradation of fish waste. Most of the OTC was quickly washed out of the fish waste when added to the sediments, with small quantities of theantibiotic persisting throughout the duration of the study. Bacterial abundance rapidly increased in the sediments when fish waste and oxytetracycline were added. While there was a potential for OTC to act on the microfaunal communities, this effect could not be conclusively demonstrated. A second study was conducted in which fish feed, feces and oxytetracycline were added gradually to sediment microcosm tanks in 1991 for 20 days. The main objective of this study was to examine the changes in the physical-chemical regime and the benthic microfaunal community over time. The gradual addition of fish waste to the sediments resulted in microbially mediated sulphate reduction being the main route for the degradation of fish waste. As most of the oxytetracycline was quickly washed out of the fish waste, the amount of the antibiotic was insufficient to affect the bacterial and protozoan communities. There were two rapid increases in ciliate abundance, with the initial bloom occurring before the increase in bacterial abundance, and the decrease in the ciliate population was correlated to increased reducing conditions in the sediments. A large number of heterotrophic microflagellates developed after the ciliate population declined, and these flagellates were observed to be actively grazing on the bacterial population. The short time interval of the study was considered to be insufficient for noticeable changes to have occurred in the meio- and macrofauna. The rapid response of the microfauna to fish waste suggests that changes in the protozoan community could be used as a biological tool in monitoring the impact of fish waste on the environment. More efficient management at aquaculture facilities could minimize environmental problems.
2D electrons floating on a suspended atomically thin dielectric
Creators: name: Vasko, F. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2D electrons trapped in vacuum near the atomically thin dielectric (ATD, mono- or $N$-layer film of $h$-BN or transition metal dichalcogenide) are considered. ATD is suspended above the back gate and forms the capacitor which is controlled by the biased voltage determining 2D concentration, $n_{2D}$. It is found that the leakage current through ATD is negligible and effect of the polarizability of ATD is weak if $N\leq 5$. At temperatures $T=0.1÷$15 K and $n_{2D}=5\times 10^8÷10^{10}$ cm$^{-2}$, one deals with the Boltzmann liquid of the macroscopic thickness $\sim$100 A. Due to bending of ATD the quadratic dispersion law of the flexural vibrations is transformed into the linear one at small wave vectors. The scattering processes of the electrons caused by these phonons or the monolayer islands on ATD are examined and the momentum and energy relaxation rates are analyzed based on the corresponding balance equations. The momentum relaxation times varies over orders of magnitude in the above region ($T$, $n_{2D}$) and $N$. The response may changed from the polaron transport, for a perfect single-layer ATD at low $T$ and high $n_{2D}$, to the high-mobility ($\geq 10^7$ cm$^2$/Vs) regime at high $T$ and low $n_{2D}$. The quasi-elastic energy relaxation due to the phonon-induced scattering is considered and the conditions for heating of electrons by a weak in-plane electric field are found.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Low-lying optical phonon modes in the filled skutterudite CeRu4Sb12
Creators: name: Lee, C. H.
name: Hase, I.
name: Sugawara, H.
name: Yoshizawa, H.
name: Sato, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phonon dynamics of filled skutterudite CeRu4Sb12 have been studied at room temperature by inelastic neutron scattering. Optical phonons associated with a large vibration of Ce atoms are observed at a relatively low energy of E = 6 meV, and show anticrossing behavior with acoustic phonons. We propose that the origin of the low lattice thermal conductivity in filled skutterudites can be attributed to intensive Umklapp scattering originating from low-lying optical phonons. By an analysis based on a Born-von Karman force model, the longitudinal force constants of the nearest Ce-Sb and Ce-Ru pairs are estimated to be 0.025 mdyn/A, while that of the nearest Ru-Sb pair is estimated to be 1.4 mdyn/A, indicating that the Ce atoms are bound very weakly to the surrounding rigid RuSb6-octahedron cages.
description: 4pages, 5 figures, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. (2006) in press
Neighbourhood disaster planning
Creators: name: Lacasse, Andrea Lynne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Research indicates the need for emergency personnel to concentrate their efforts on preparedness and mitigation, as opposed to short-term recovery needs. This pro-active approach would necessitate such tasks as building community participation into plans, concentrating on process planning to encourage creative and innovative thought, simplifying the disaster plan through the use of an all-hazard, all-phase framework, and raising the profile and status of the emergency profession. One of the major problems in the disaster planning field has been the failure to involve community in the planning process. Disaster plans primarily deal with the physical/technical side of the disaster response, but it has been shown that hostility and aggression is likely to arise when community involvement in the response and recovery phases is neglected. In the mid-1980's, the United States began the task of setting up neighbourhood disaster response teams to teach communities self-reliance in the event of a disaster. In Canada, the first case of a neighbourhood-level plan was initiated in June 1990 in the community of Burkeville, City of Richmond, British Columbia. This thesis documents Burkeville's disaster planning experience. Through a detailed examination of a 'bottom-up' planning process, we can learn about the positive and negative attributes of this model over traditional 'top-down' planning approaches. This thesis links theoretical propositions and research with the neighbourhood disaster planning process in Burkeville, to contribute suggestions for practice. One highlight of the Burkeville experience has been the indication that neighbourhood disaster plans depend on a top-down push from government to encourage and support community actions, and a bottom-up drive by the community to take on emergency planning and preparedness responsibilities. Secondly, emergency personnel must move away from producing highly detailed, voluminous plans and focus on process planning. Thirdly, neighbourhood disaster plans will need to concentrate on volunteer management issues; how to motivate individuals to get involved in emergency planning and preparedness, how to keep them involved, and what planning processes techniques are more effective to use at the community/neighbourhood level. It is hoped that the information gleaned from this thesis (theory, research, case study) will assist public and private organizations in developing strategies and plans which take into account community actions and practical realities. As the need for trained community involvement becomes more apparent from each disaster experience, the need for techniques to develop an effective community response becomes a pressing priority matter. This thesis provides an insight into a community disaster planning process, to help motivate emergency personnel and local citizens to begin the task of disaster preparedness and mitigation in their community.
Element formation in radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of kilonovae
Creators: name: Magistrelli, Fabio
name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
name: Perego, Albino
name: Radice, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the details of $r$-process nucleosynthesis in binary neutron star mergers (BNSM) ejecta is key to interpreting kilonova observations and identifying the role of BNSMs in the origin of heavy elements. We present a self-consistent two-dimensional, ray-by-ray radiation-hydrodynamic evolution of BNSM ejecta with an online nuclear network (NN) up to the days timescale. For the first time, an initial numerical-relativity ejecta profile composed of the dynamical component, spiral-wave and disk winds is evolved including detailed $r$-process reactions and nuclear heating effects. A simple model for the jet energy deposition is also included. Our simulation highlights that the common approach of relating in post-processing the final nucleosynthesis yields to the initial thermodynamic profile of the ejecta can lead to inaccurate predictions. Moreover, we find that neglecting the details of the radiation-hydrodynamic evolution of the ejecta in nuclear calculations can introduce deviations up to one order of magnitude in the final abundances of several elements, including very light and second $r$-process peak elements. The presence of a jet affects element production only in the innermost part of the polar ejecta, and it does not alter the global nucleosynthesis results. Overall, our analysis shows that employing an online NN improves the reliability of nucleosynthesis and kilonova light curves predictions.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Power Towers of String Instantons for N=1 Vacua
Creators: name: Blumenhagen, Ralph
name: Schmidt-Sommerfeld, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide arguments for the existence of novel hereinafter called poly-instanton corrections to holomorphic couplings in four-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric string compactifications. After refining quantitatively the D-brane instanton calculus for corrections to the gauge kinetic function, we explicitly apply it to the Type I toroidal orbifold defined in arXiv:0710.3080 and compare the results to the proposed heterotic S-dual model. This leads us to the intriguing conclusion that N=1 string vacua feature a power tower like proliferation of instanton corrections.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures
Non-universal power-law dynamics of SIR models on hierarchical modular networks
Creators: name: Ódor, Géza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power-law (PL) time dependent infection growth has been reported in many COVID-19 statistics. In simple SIR models the number of infections grows at the outbreak as $I(t) \propto t^{d-1}$ on $d$-dimensional Euclidean lattices in the endemic phase or follow a slower universal PL at the critical point, until finite sizes cause immunity and a crossover to an exponential decay. Heterogeneity may alter the dynamics of spreading models, spatially inhomogeneous infection rates can cause slower decays, posing a threat of a long recovery from a pandemic. COVID-19 statistics have also provided epidemic size distributions with PL tails in several countries. Here I investigate SIR like models on hierarchical modular networks, embedded in 2d lattices with the addition of long-range links. I show that if the topological dimension of the network is finite, average degree dependent PL growth of prevalence emerges. Supercritically the same exponents as of regular graphs occurs, but the topological disorder alters the critical behavior. This is also true for the epidemic size distributions. Mobility of individuals does not affect the form of the scaling behavior, except for the $d=2$ lattice, but increases the magnitude of the epidemic. The addition of a super-spreader hot-spot also does not change the growth exponent and the exponential decay in the herd immunity regime.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures, slightly updated, accepted version to appear in PRE
Precise and Accurate Cosmology with CMBxLSS Power Spectra and Bispectra
Creators: name: Chen, Shu-Fan
name: Lee, Hayden
name: Dvorkin, Cora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the advent of a new generation of cosmological experiments that will provide high-precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and galaxies in the large-scale structure, it is pertinent to examine the potential of performing a joint analysis of multiple cosmological probes. In this paper, we study the cosmological information content contained in the one-loop power spectra and tree bispectra of galaxies cross-correlated with CMB lensing. We use the FFTLog method to compute angular correlations in spherical harmonic space, applicable for wide angles that can be accessed by forthcoming galaxy surveys. We find that adding the bispectra and cross-correlations with CMB lensing offers a significant improvement in parameter constraints, including those on the total neutrino mass, $M_ν$, and local non-Gaussianity amplitude, $f_{\rm NL}$. In particular, our results suggest that the combination of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) and CMB-S4 will be able to achieve $σ(M_ν)=42$ meV from galaxy and CMB lensing correlations, and $σ(M_ν)=12$ meV when further combined with the CMB temperature and polarization data, without any prior on the optical depth.
description: v2: matches published version
Additional file 3 of Applying a novel approach to scoping review incorporating artificial intelligence: mapping the natural history of gonorrhoea
Creators: name: Whelan, Jane
name: Ghoniem, Mohammad
name: Médoc, Nicolas
name: Apicella, Mike
name: Beck, Ekkehard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3. Systematic search Strategy and number of records retrieved. Supplementary Table 4. Inclusions from systematic search.
Kinetic theory of vacuum pair production in uniform electric fields revisited
Creators: name: Aleksandrov, I. A.
name: Kudlis, A.
name: Klochai, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomenon of electron-positron pair production from vacuum in the presence of a uniform time-dependent electric field of arbitrary polarization. Taking into account the interaction with the external classical background in a nonperturbative manner, we quantize the electron-positron field and derive a system of ten quantum kinetic equations (QKEs) showing that the previously-used QKEs are incorrect once the external field rotates in space. We employ then the Wigner-function formalism of the field quantization and establish a direct connection between the Dirac-Heisenberg-Wigner (DHW) approach to investigating the vacuum pair-production process and the QKEs. We provide a self-contained description of the two theoretical frameworks rigorously proving their equivalence and present an exact one-to-one correspondence between the kinetic functions involved within the two techniques. Special focus is placed on the analysis of the spin effects in the final particle distributions.
description: 19 pages (including proof corrections)
Lagrangian particle paths and ortho-normal quaternion frames
Creators: name: Gibbon, J. D.
name: Holm, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimentalists now measure intense rotations of Lagrangian particles in turbulent flows by tracking their trajectories and Lagrangian-average velocity gradients at high Reynolds numbers. This paper formulates the dynamics of an orthonormal frame attached to each Lagrangian fluid particle undergoing three-axis rotations, by using quaternions in combination with Ertel's theorem for frozen-in vorticity. The method is applicable to a wide range of Lagrangian flows including the three-dimensional Euler equations and its variants such as ideal MHD. The applicability of the quaterionic frame description to Lagrangian averaged velocity gradient dynamics is also demonstrated.
description: 9 pages, one figure, revised
Additional file 2 of Genome-wide association study reveals 14 new SNPs and confirms two structural variants highly associated with the horned/polled phenotype in goats
Creators: name: Guo, Jiazhong
name: Jiang, Rui
name: Mao, Ayi
name: Liu, George E.
name: Zhan, Siyuan
name: Li, Li
name: Zhong, Tao
name: Wang, Linjie
name: Cao, Jiaxue
name: Chen, Yu
name: Zhang, Guojun
name: Zhang, Hongping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1: PCA of the 45 sampled goats based on the identified biallelic SNPs. The red, green, and blue circles represented female, male, and PIS goats, respectively.
A new faith? Religious belief and moral enlightenment in the temperance movement in Eastern Australia: 1832-1880
Creators: name: Starling, Nicole
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis examines the relationship between religious tradition and moral enlightenment ideas within the temperance movement in Eastern Australia from 1832-1880. The particular focus is the question of whether and to what extent the private understanding and public rhetoric of the movement’s leaders were consistent with Michael Roe’s claim that the ideology of moral enlightenment was, in essence, a new, secular faith, and that the temperance movement played a pivotal role in its propagation. Roe’s argument presupposes and reinforces the larger secularisation narrative that was propagated by Manning Clark in his History of Australia. In more recent scholarship a body of literature has emerged which has questioned the sharp dichotomies that Clark draws and the over-simplified linearity of the narrative that he constructs. This study of the temperance movement will be informed by this scholarship, as well as by a close examination of the relevant primary sources. In order to create space for a close examination of the complex and varied ways in which religious tradition and moral enlightenment ideas interacted within the thinking and rhetoric of the leaders of the temperance movement, the thesis adopts a biographically-framed approach, focusing on the reported words and actions of four key leaders: George Washington Walker, John McEncroe, Alfred Stackhouse and Mary Ann Thomas. Between them they span four different religious denominations and were active as temperance advocates during a series of overlapping periods that extended from 1832 to the end of the period this thesis examines. The picture that emerges from the four case studies stands in stark contradiction to Roe’s claim. Although there were undeniable elements of Enlightenment thinking that informed the activities of all four leaders and found expression in their rhetoric, they were connected, in each case, with convictions and practices that were native to their own religious traditions in a combination that was, in their view at least, principled and internally coherent. In offering support and leadership to the temperance cause, they were not acting as the proponents of a new, secular faith, but as champions of a cause that was pervasively shaped and motivated by the traditional Christian beliefs that they espoused.
Risk-Oriented Design Approach For Forensic-Ready Software Systems
Creators: name: Daubner, Lukas
name: Matulevičius, Raimundas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Digital forensic investigation is a complex and time-consuming activity in response to a cybersecurity incident or cybercrime to answer questions related to it. These typically are what happened, when, where, how, and who is responsible. However, answering them is often very laborious and sometimes outright impossible due to a lack of useable data. The forensic-ready software systems are designed to produce valuable on-point data for use in the investigation with potentially high evidence value. Still, the particular ways to develop these systems are currently not explored. This paper proposes consideration of forensic readiness within security risk management to refine specific requirements on forensic-ready software systems. The idea is to re-evaluate the taken security risk decisions with the aim to provide trustable data when the security measures fail. Additionally, it also considers possible disputes, which the digital evidence can solve. Our proposed approach, risk-oriented forensic-ready design, composes of two parts: (1) process guiding the identification of the requirements in the form of potential evidence sources, and (2) supporting BPMN notation capturing the potential evidence sources and their relationship. Together they are aimed to provide a high-level overview of the forensic-ready requirements within the system. Finally, the approach is demonstrated on an automated valet parking scenario, followed by a discussion regarding its impact and usefulness within the forensic readiness effort.
description: The 16th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES 2021), August 17--20, 2021, Vienna, Austria
Theoretical predictions of spectral evolution of short GRBs
Creators: name: Fraschetti, Federico
name: Ruffini, Remo
name: Vitagliano, Luca
name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the properties of spectrum of radiation emitted during gravitational collapse in which electromagnetic field strengths rise over the critical value for $e^+e^-$ pair creation. A drift from soft to a hard energy and a high energy cut off have been found; a comparison with a pure black body spectrum is outlined.
description: 2 pages, 1 picture, to appear in the Proceedings of the "Swift and GRBs: Unveiling the Relativistic Universe", in Venice (Italy), June 5-9, 2006 (IL NUOVO CIMENTO)
Finite and Symmetric Euler Sums and Finite and Symmetric (Alternating) Multiple $T$-Values
Creators: name: Zhao, Jianqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M32, 11B68, 68W30

description: In this paper, we will study finite multiple $T$-values (MTVs) and their alternating versions, which are level two and level four variations of finite multiple zeta values, respectively. We will first provide some structural results for level two finite multiple zeta values (i.e., finite Euler sums) for small weights, guided by the author's previous conjecture that the finite Euler sum space of weight, $w$, is isomorphic to a quotient Euler sum space of weight, $w$. Then, by utilizing some well-known properties of the classical alternating MTVs, we will derive a few important $\Q$-linear relations among the finite alternating MTVs, including the reversal, linear shuffle, and sum relations. We then compute the upper bound for the dimension of the $\Q$-span of finite (alternating) MTVs for some small weights by rigorously using the newly discovered relations, numerically aided by computers.
description: 17 pages
IoT-Enabled Social Relationships Meet Artificial Social Intelligence
Creators: name: Dhelim, Sahraoui
name: Ning, Huansheng
name: Farha, Fadi
name: Chen, Liming
name: Atzori, Luigi
name: Daneshmand, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the recent advances of the Internet of Things, and the increasing accessibility of ubiquitous computing resources and mobile devices, the prevalence of rich media contents, and the ensuing social, economic, and cultural changes, computing technology and applications have evolved quickly over the past decade. They now go beyond personal computing, facilitating collaboration and social interactions in general, causing a quick proliferation of social relationships among IoT entities. The increasing number of these relationships and their heterogeneous social features have led to computing and communication bottlenecks that prevent the IoT network from taking advantage of these relationships to improve the offered services and customize the delivered content, known as relationship explosion. On the other hand, the quick advances in artificial intelligence applications in social computing have led to the emerging of a promising research field known as Artificial Social Intelligence (ASI) that has the potential to tackle the social relationship explosion problem. This paper discusses the role of IoT in social relationships detection and management, the problem of social relationships explosion in IoT and reviews the proposed solutions using ASI, including social-oriented machine-learning and deep-learning techniques.
description: IEEE Internet of Things Journal (2021)
Reaction kinetics of coarse-grained equilibrium polymers: a Brownian Dynamics study
Creators: name: Huang, C-C
name: Xu, H.
name: Crevel, F.
name: Wittmer, J.
name: Ryckaert, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-assembled linear structures like giant cylindrical micelles or discotic molecules in solution stacked in flexible columns are systems reminiscent of polydisperse polymer solutions.These supramolecular polymers have an equilibrium length distribution, the result of a competition between the random breakage of chains and the fusion of chains to generate longer ones. In the present work, we review the basic theoretical concepts of these ``equilibrium polymers" and some of the important results obtained by simulation approaches. We propose a new version of a mesoscopic model in continuous space based on the bead and FENE spring polymer model which is treated by Brownian Dynamics and Monte-Carlo binding/unbinding reversible changes for adjacent monomers in space, characterized by an attempt frequency parameter. For a dilute and a moderately semi-dilute state-points which both correspond to dynamically unentangled regimes, the dynamic properties are found to depend upon $ω$ through the effective life time $τ_b$ of the average size chain which, in turn, yields the kinetic reaction coefficients of the mean-field kinetic model proposed by Cates. Simple kinetic theories seem to work for times $ t \geq τ_b$ while at shorter time, strong dynamical correlation effects are observed.
description: 17 figures; Lecture notes in Physics, Springer, to be published
Additional file 4 of Applying a novel approach to scoping review incorporating artificial intelligence: mapping the natural history of gonorrhoea
Creators: name: Whelan, Jane
name: Ghoniem, Mohammad
name: Médoc, Nicolas
name: Apicella, Mike
name: Beck, Ekkehard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Text 4.1. Description of the Papyrus system. Supplementary text 4.2. Interactive visualization. Supplementary Text 4.3. Reproducibility and General Applicability of this Approach.
Use of Advertising as a Tool for Change of Social Stigmas – Homophobia (Edcom Thesis Competition 2015-2016)
Creators: name: Guerra, Renata Jácome Sequeira
name: Farinha, Isabel
name: European Institute for Commercial Communications Education (edcom)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Homophobia
subject: Corporate Social Responsibility
subject: Marketing/ethics
subject: Social Marketing/ethics
subject: Advertising/ethics
subject: Persuasive Communication
subject: Media Exposure
subject: Communications Media
subject: Media Exposure/ethics
subject: Culture Media/standards

description: The poster by Renata Guerra, from IADE's Master's in Design and Advertising, received a THESIS COMPETITION CERTIFICATE in the competition that honours the best master's dissertations from universities belonging to the EDCOM - European Institute for Commercial Communications Education - network.

Using Advertising as a Tool for Changing Social Stigmas - Homophobia, was the subject of the dissertation. This project aims to clarify the issue of Social Marketing, which is often confused with the concept of Cause Marketing and Corporate Social Responsibility. The main aim of this project is to develop and design an effective advertising campaign for social and other non-commercial claims. This project addresses the issue of Social Marketing, as it is an attempt to put an end to one of the most common forms of discrimination in today's society - Homophobia.
Ship in Sight: Diffusion Models for Ship-Image Super Resolution
Creators: name: Sigillo, Luigi
name: Gramaccioni, Riccardo Fosco
name: Nicolosi, Alessandro
name: Comminiello, Danilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, remarkable advancements have been achieved in the field of image generation, primarily driven by the escalating demand for high-quality outcomes across various image generation subtasks, such as inpainting, denoising, and super resolution. A major effort is devoted to exploring the application of super-resolution techniques to enhance the quality of low-resolution images. In this context, our method explores in depth the problem of ship image super resolution, which is crucial for coastal and port surveillance. We investigate the opportunity given by the growing interest in text-to-image diffusion models, taking advantage of the prior knowledge that such foundation models have already learned. In particular, we present a diffusion-model-based architecture that leverages text conditioning during training while being class-aware, to best preserve the crucial details of the ships during the generation of the super-resoluted image. Since the specificity of this task and the scarcity availability of off-the-shelf data, we also introduce a large labeled ship dataset scraped from online ship images, mostly from ShipSpotting\footnote{\url{www.shipspotting.com}} website. Our method achieves more robust results than other deep learning models previously employed for super resolution, as proven by the multiple experiments performed. Moreover, we investigate how this model can benefit downstream tasks, such as classification and object detection, thus emphasizing practical implementation in a real-world scenario. Experimental results show flexibility, reliability, and impressive performance of the proposed framework over state-of-the-art methods for different tasks. The code is available at: https://github.com/LuigiSigillo/ShipinSight .
description: Accepted at 2024 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)
Livability and quality of life indexes in planning for sustainable communities
Creators: name: Lawson, Joel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This thesis examines issues surrounding the use of Livability and Quality of Life Indicators in a sustainable planning process. Planning literature is rife with references to quality of life and livability, as is other literature dealing with the urban environment. There are numerous existing indexes purporting to measure livability or quality of life, but few do so with any real sense of theoretical rigour or clarity of purpose. An examination of the relevant terms follows, and workable definitions are proposed. An examination of existing indexes highlights many of the potential issues which must be addressed in the development of an index. Finally, a planning framework within which community quality of life and regional livability indexes could be effectively employed will be discussed. Despite the difficulties, there is much potential for the use of quality of life and livability indexes in planning, in terms of both information gathering and equitable information dissemination. Ultimately, however, the true value of an index-centred process might lie in the social learning involved in its development and use.
Quantized current of a hybrid single-electron transistor with superconducting leads and a normal-metal island
Creators: name: Kemppinen, Antti
name: Meschke, Matthias
name: Möttönen, Mikko
name: Averin, Dmitri V.
name: Pekola, Jukka P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the operation of the superconductor - insulator - normal-metal - insulator - superconductor (SINIS) turnstile. This voltage-biased hybrid single-electron transistor (SET) provides current quantization even with only one radio-frequency (rf) control parameter, namely the gate voltage of the single island. We give an overview of the main error mechanisms of the turnstile and consider its feasibility as a quantum current standard. We also present experimental results of pumping with the SINIS structure which show decreased leakage current compared to earlier measurements with the opposite NISIN structure.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures; Text edited, one new figure added, references updated
Magneto-optical characterization of MnxGe1-x alloys obtained by ion implantation
Creators: name: D'Orazio, F.
name: Lucari, F.
name: Passacantando, M.
name: Ottaviano, L.
name: Verna, A.
name: Impellizzeri, G.
name: Priolo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magneto-optical Kerr effect hysteresis loops at various wavelengths in the visible/near-infrared range have been used to characterize the magnetic properties of alloys obtained by implanting Mn ions at fixed energy in a Ge matrix. The details of the hysteresis loops reveal the presence of multiple magnetic contributions. They may be attributed to the inhomogeneous distribution of the magnetic atoms and, in particular, to the known coexistence of diluted Mn in the Ge matrix and metallic Mn-rich nanoparticles embedded in it [Phys. Rev. B 73, 195207(2006)].
description: 2 pages, 2 figures. Proceeding of the International Conference on Magnetism. Kyoto, August 20-25 2006
Cosmic Cloaking of Rich Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Alaee, Aghil
name: Khuri, Marcus
name: Kunduri, Hari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present arguments that show why it is difficult to see \emph{rich} extra dimensions in the Universe. More precisely, we study the conditions under which significant size and variation of the extra dimensions in a Kaluza-Klein compactification lead to a black hole in the lower dimensional theory. The idea is based on the hoop (or trapped surface) conjecture concerning black hole existence, as well as on the observation that dimensional reduction on macroscopically large, twisted, or highly dynamical extra dimensions contributes positively to the energy density in the lower dimensional theory and can induce gravitational collapse. We analyze these conditions and find that in an idealized scenario a threshold for the size exists, on the order of $10^{-19}m$, such that extra dimensions of length above this level must lie inside black holes, thus shielding them from the view of outside observers. The threshold is highly dependent on the size of the Universe, leading to the speculation that in the early stages of evolution truly macroscopic and large extra dimensions would have been visible.
description: A slightly modified version of this article received - Honorable Mention - in the Gravity Research Foundation 2021 Awards for Essays on Gravitation; 5 pages
Exploring language relations through syntactic distances and geographic proximity
Creators: name: De Gregorio, Juan
name: Toral, Raúl
name: Sánchez, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Languages are grouped into families that share common linguistic traits. While this approach has been successful in understanding genetic relations between diverse languages, more analyses are needed to accurately quantify their relatedness, especially in less studied linguistic levels such as syntax. Here, we explore linguistic distances using series of parts of speech (POS) extracted from the Universal Dependencies dataset. Within an information-theoretic framework, we show that employing POS trigrams maximizes the possibility of capturing syntactic variations while being at the same time compatible with the amount of available data. Linguistic connections are then established by assessing pairwise distances based on the POS distributions. Intriguingly, our analysis reveals definite clusters that correspond to well known language families and groups, with exceptions explained by distinct morphological typologies. Furthermore, we obtain a significant correlation between language similarity and geographic distance, which underscores the influence of spatial proximity on language kinships.
description: 39 pages
Dall’analisi testuale alla competenza comunicativa nella fruizione di testi letterari
Creators: name: Caon, Fabio
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2013

description:

In a process that took about fifteen years, the way of teaching literature underwent a real revolution. The previous method conceived the teaching of literature as history of literature; the new one aims at developing the ability of reading literary texts through a textual analysis. The model of communicative competence – which has been applied in language education but not as much in the teaching of literature – can help broaden the area of intervention. Literary communication is the discipline the student should come to master.

description: EL.LE
Low-lying Dirac eigenmodes and monopoles in 4D compact QED
Creators: name: Takahashi, Toru T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of low-lying Dirac modes in quenched compact QED at $β$=0.99, 1.01 and 1.03, employing $12^3\times 12$ lattices and the overlap formalism for the fermion action. We pay special attention to the spatial distributions of the low-lying Dirac modes. Near-zero modes are found to have universal anti-correlations with monopole currents below/above the critical $β$. We also study the nearest-neighbor level spacing distribution of Dirac eigenvalues and find a signal of a Wigner-Poisson transition. We make a possible speculation on the chiral phase transition in 4D compact QED.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 tables
A Data-Driven Statistical Description for the Hydrodynamics of Active Matter
Creators: name: Borzou, Ahmad
name: Patteson, Alison E.
name: Schwarz, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling living systems at the collective scale can be very challenging because the individual constituents can themselves be complex and the respective interactions between the constituents are not fully understood. With the advent of high throughput experiments and in the age of big data, data-driven methods are on the rise to overcome these challenges. To directly uncover the underlying physical principles, we present a data-driven method for obtaining the phase-space density such that the solution to the stochastic dynamic equation for active matter readily emerges, from which time and space dependence of physical order parameters can be readily extracted. If the system is near a steady state, we illuminate how to construct a field theory to subsequently make physical predictions about the system. The method is first developed analytically and subsequently calibrated using simulated data. The method is then applied to an experimental system of particles actively driven by a {\it Serratia marcescens} bacterial swarm and in the presence of spatially localized UV light. The analysis demonstrates that the particles are in the steady-state before and sometime after the UV light and obey a Gaussian field theory with a spatially-varying "mass" in those regimes. This novel, yet simple, finding is surprising given the complex dynamics of the bacterial swarm. In response to the UV light, we demonstrate that there is a net flow of the particles away from the UV light and that the entropy of the particles increases away from the light. We conclude with a discussion of additional potential applications of our data-driven method such as when the internal structure of the individual constituents dynamically changes to result in a modified stochastic dynamic equation governing the system.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, comments are welcome
Additional file 5 of Applying a novel approach to scoping review incorporating artificial intelligence: mapping the natural history of gonorrhoea
Creators: name: Whelan, Jane
name: Ghoniem, Mohammad
name: Médoc, Nicolas
name: Apicella, Mike
name: Beck, Ekkehard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Text 5.1. Full list of health outcomes identified through the combination of the AI and other searches, with references and SIGN scores. Supplementary Text 5.2. List of extracted ‘topic words’ related references and health outcomes identified through AI-assisted literature search.
An Observational Test for the Anthropic Origin of the Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of multiple regions of space beyond the observable Universe (within the so-called "multiverse") where the vacuum energy density takes different values, has been postulated as an explanation for the low non-zero value observed for it in our Universe. It is often argued that our existence pre-selects regions where the cosmological constant is sufficiently small to allow galaxies like the Milky Way to form and intelligent life to emerge. Here we propose a simple empirical test for this anthropic argument within the boundaries of the observable Universe. We make use of the fact that dwarf galaxies formed in our Universe at redshifts as high as z~10 when the mean matter density was larger by a factor of ~10^3 than today. Existing technology enables to check whether planets form in nearby dwarf galaxies and globular clusters by searching for microlensing or transit events of background stars. The oldest of these nearby systems may have formed at z~10. If planets are as common per stellar mass in these descendents as they are in the Milky Way galaxy, then the anthropic argument would be weakened considerably since planets could have formed in our Universe even if the cosmological constant was three orders of magnitude larger than observed. For a flat probability distribution, this would imply that the probability for us to reside in a region where the cosmological constant obtains its observed value is lower than \~10^{-3}. A precise version of the anthropic argument could then be ruled-out at a confidence level of ~99.9%, which constitutes a satisfactory measure of a good experimental test.
description: JCAP, in press
Exploring Spin Polarization of Heavy Quarks in Magnetic Fields and Hot Medium
Creators: name: Liu, Zhiwei
name: Bai, Yunfan
name: Zheng, Shiqi
name: Huang, Anping
name: Chen, Baoyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic heavy-ion collisions give rise to the formation of both deconfined QCD matter and a strong magnetic field. The spin of heavy quarks is influenced by interactions with the external magnetic field as well as by random scatterings with thermal light partons. The presence of QCD matter comprising charged quarks can extend the lifetime and strength of the magnetic field, thereby enhancing the degree of heavy quark polarization. However, the random scatterings with QCD matter tend to diminish heavy quark polarization. In this study, we utilize the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation to investigate both these contributions. Taking into account the realistic evolutions of medium temperatures and the in-medium magnetic fields at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), we observe that heavy quark polarization is limited by the short lifetime of the magnetic field and the high temperatures of the medium. Furthermore, we explore the mass dependence of quark polarization, revealing that the polarization degree of strange quarks is much larger than that of charm quarks.
description: 7 pages, 13 figures