cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fundamental limits of hot carrier injection from metal in nanoplasmonics
Creators: name: Khurgin, Jacob B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolution of the nonequilibrium carriers excited in the process of decay of surface plasmon polaritons in metal is described for each step, from the carrier generation to their extraction from the metal. The relative importance of various carrier generating mechanism is discussed. It is shown that both carrier generation and their decay are inherently quantum processes as for realistic illumination conditions no more than a single SPP per nanoparticle exists at a given time. As a result, the distribution of non-equilibrium carriers cannot be described by a single temperature. It is also shown that the originally excited carriers that have not undergone a single electron-electron scattering event, are practically the only ones that contribute to the injection. The role of the momentum conservation in the carrier extraction is discussed and it is shown that if all the momentum conservation rules are relaxed, it is the density of states in the semiconductor/dielectric that determines the ultimate injection efficiency. A set of recommendations aimed at improving the efficiency of plasmonic-assisted photodetection and (to a lesser degree) photocatalysis is made in the end.
Additional file 1 of Electrolyte outpatient clinic at a local hospital â€“ experience from diagnostics, treatment and follow-up
Creators: name: Kiarash Tazmini
name: Ranhoff, Anette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire for electrolyte outpatient clinic
title: Gender Content Of Social Policy Changes In East Central Europe Since 1989
Creators: name: Djoric, Gorana
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2000

description: This paper focuses on the implications of social policy changes in East/Central Europe since 1989, for gender relations. The system of social protection of the socialist period will be compared with the institutions that have been introduced approximately after 1989, in order to replace it, relative to expected gender relations’ outcomes. In order to allow for a comparison of the two essentially different systems, ‘social policy’ is defined broadly as a political organisation of economy that establishes the rules of the distribution of economic resources between different groups of people, or, in other words, a configuration of the family, the market and the state in providing people's well-being.

 A connection between social policy and gender relations is not immediately obvious and could be perceived in various ways. Hence, the first chapter of the paper attempts to theoretically establish the connection in question, so that a claim could be made that different social policies will result in different gender relations. The second situates the social policy transformation in CEE and its potential effects on gender relations within the broader framework of the transformation of centrally planned into market regulated economy. The third chapter analyses the development of a social policy proper, as an institutional supplement to the labour market which compensates for "social risks" ex post, as is known in the West. The last chapter is an attempt in gender analysis of social policy transformation, focusing mainly on the expected gender effects of the transformation. The social policy implications for gender relations will be assessed by considering 1) a particular division of labour between the sexes (via publicly organised and financed child care (or the lack of it), for example), promoted by the changes involved; and 2) a particular (possibly different) treatment of ‘male’ and ‘female’ labour (usually unpaid caring work) for the purposes of social entitlement.

 The analysis is mainly based on secondary sources, prevalently on the Czech Republic and Hungary. An attempt is made to systematise the evidence collected on different countries, but more in a complementary manner than with a comparison between the countries in mind. Notwithstanding the differences between the Central/Eastern European countries, the region is treated here as prevalently homogeneous, at least in its pre-1989 characteristics, so that the paper could focus on the gender implications of institutional changes across the point in time.
The ERS Country-Commodity Linked System: Documenting Its International Country and Regional Agricultural Baseline Models
Creators: name: Hjort, Kim
name: Boussios, David
name: Seeley, Ralph
name: Hansen, James
name: Hjort, Kim
name: Boussios, David
name: Seeley, Ralph
name: Hansen, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: agriculture
subject: agriculture policy
subject: agricultural sector model
subject: documentation
subject: agricultural trade
subject: supply demand
subject: price
subject: projections
subject: USDA agricultural baseline
subject: Country-Commodity Linked System CCLS
subject: linked system
subject: partial equilibrium model

description: To facilitate development of USDA’s annual 10-year agricultural projections, the Economic Research Service (ERS) maintains models of the agricultural sector of 44 major exporting and importing countries and regions, including the United States. These models, customized to the specific countries and regions, produce medium- to long-term projections of the supply and use of major agricultural commodities based on behavioral responses to world market prices, trade and domestic agricultural policies, and domestic commodity prices. ERS also uses the models for research on contemporary global or country-specific, agriculture-related issues. While the models, which together make up the Country-Commodity Linked System (CCLS), can be run in isolation, they also can be linked to simultaneously solve 24 commodity markets, obtaining equilibrium world prices and balanced trade. To increase knowledge and understanding of the models, this report describes their underlying economic structure and provides an overview of the CCLS. It also presents an illustrative example of how the models were used to examine the impact on domestic and world markets of increasing crop yields in one region of the world.
Effects of Radiative Diffusion on the Dynamical Corotation Torque in Three-Dimensional Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Yun, Han-Gyeol
name: Kim, Woong-Tae
name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Han, Cheongho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical corotation torque arising from the deformation of the horseshoe orbits, along with the vortensity gradient in the background disk, is important for determining orbital migration rate and direction of low-mass planets. Previous two-dimensional studies predicted that the dynamical corotation torque is positive, decelerating the inward planet migration. In contrast, recent three-dimensional studies have shown that buoyancy resonance makes the dynamical corotation torque negative, accelerating the inward migration. In this paper, we study the dependence of the dynamical corotation torque on the thermal transport using three-dimensional simulations. We first show that our results are consistent with previous three-dimensional studies when the disk is fully adiabatic. In more realistic radiative disks, however, radiative diffusion suppresses the buoyancy resonance significantly, especially at high-altitude regions, and yields a positive dynamical corotation torque. This alleviates the issue of a rapid migration caused by the negative dynamical corotation torque in the adiabatic disks. Our results suggest that radiative diffusion together with stellar irradiation and accretion heating is needed to accurately describe the migration of low-mass planets.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, 1 Appendix; Accepted for publication in ApJ
Biosynthesis of ambrein in ambergris: evidence from isotopic data and identification of possible intermediates
Creators: name: Rowland, Steven J.
name: Sutton, Paul A.
name: Wolff, George A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Ambrein is found in ambergris, a coprolith occurring in the rectum of the sperm whale. In vitro, ambrein is produced by enzymatic cyclisation of squalene, via a monocyclic intermediate. However, little is known of the in vivo process. In order to find evidence for the reaction in vivo, a comparison was made of the δ13C relative isotopic ratios of ambrein in ambergris with those of co-occurring sterols. A statistically significant difference was noted. This suggests that ambrein originates via a different biosynthetic mechanism from that of the sterols. Examination of the minor constituents of a hydrogenolysed extract of ambergris revealed compounds with a bicyclic polypodane nucleus, rather than those with monocyclic structures. It is hypothesised that in vivo biosynthesis of ambrein proceeds, at least in some cases, via bacterial production of bicyclic polypodenols. The latter are known products of non-concerted squalene (or squalene oxide) cyclisations in other organisms.
Rural America At A Glance 2018 Edition
Creators: name: Cromartie, John
name: Cromartie, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The decline in rural population, which began in 2010 and reached its lowest level in 2011-12 with a loss of nearly 62,000 residents, has since begun to reverse.1 In 2016-17, rural counties added population for the first time this decade. The recent upturn in rural population comes from increasing rates of net migration as opposed to natural change (births minus deaths). Increased net migration has coincided with declining rural unemployment, rising incomes, and declining poverty since 2013. However, national population trends mask variation at the local level, where changing population directly impacts rural well-being and economic development prospects. Rural population trends between 2012-13 and 2016-17 also varied considerably by race/ethnicity.
Mathematical Properties of a New Levin-Type Sequence Transformation Introduced by Č\'ıžek, Zamastil, and Skála. I. Algebraic Theory
Creators: name: Weniger, Ernst Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Č\'ıžek, Zamastil, and Skála [J. Math. Phys. \textbf{44}, 962 - 968 (2003)] introduced in connection with the summation of the divergent perturbation expansion of the hydrogen atom in an external magnetic field a new sequence transformation which uses as input data not only the elements of a sequence $\{s_n \}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ of partial sums, but also explicit estimates $\{ω_n \}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ for the truncation errors. The explicit incorporation of the information contained in the truncation error estimates makes this and related transformations potentially much more powerful than for instance Padé approximants. Special cases of the new transformation are sequence transformations introduced by Levin [Int. J. Comput. Math. B \textbf{3}, 371 - 388 (1973)] and Weniger [Comput. Phys. Rep. \textbf{10}, 189 - 371 (1989), Sections 7 -9; Numer. Algor. \textbf{3}, 477 - 486 (1992)] and also a variant of Richardson extrapolation [Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. London A \textbf{226}, 299 - 349 (1927)]. The algebraic theory of these transformations - explicit expressions, recurrence formulas, explicit expressions in the case of special remainder estimates, and asymptotic order estimates satisfied by rational approximants to power series - is formulated in terms of hitherto unknown mathematical properties of the new transformation introduced by Č\'ıžek, Zamastil, and Skála. This leads to a considerable formal simplification and unification.
description: 41 + ii pages, LaTeX2e, 0 figures. Submitted to Journal of Mathematical Physics
Development of Agricultural Products Trade between China and Four South Asian Countries —— An Empirical Analysis Based on Trade Competitiveness and Complementarity
Creators: name: HU, Xiaoyu
name: QI, Chunjie
name: HU, Xiaoyu
name: QI, Chunjie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: China, Four South Asian countries, Agricultural products, Competitiveness, Trade complementarity index

description: For the purpose of study, based on the data provided by the United Nations Comtrade Database in 2006-2016, and using the trade competitive advantage index, trade intensity index and trade complementarity index, this paper made an empirical analysis on the development of agricultural trade between China and four South Asian countries. The results show that the scale of agricultural trade between China and the four South Asian countries was further expanded, but the growth rate was stable and the trade share declined, but the development potential of both sides has not been fully explored. Generally, China's agricultural products remain at a relatively disadvantaged position. Trade competitiveness and complementarity coexist. There is a large development potential and cooperation space for agricultural products trade between China and four South Asian countries.
Urgleptes pareuprepes Gilmour 1960
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Urgleptes
Urgleptes pareuprepes

description: 55. Urgleptes pareuprepes Gilmour, 1960
Type locality — Guatemala, Chichicastenango. (AMNH). Distribution — Guatemala, Costa Rica.
 Urgleptes pareuprepes Gilmour, 1960d: 1, fig. 1; Chemsak et al., 1992: 149 (cat.).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Human Rights Arguments in Trade Disputes : An Exploration of the Americas’ Experience
Creators: name: Cedillo, Erika
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: This paper brings attention to how NAFTA, Mercosur, and the Andean Community have addressed human rights matters, if at all, through the decisions from their dispute settlement organs. Despite each treaty having its own method and/or organ for settling disputes arising from trade among their member countries, they share common characteristics that allow us to compare their decisions and their outcomes. Trade and human rights have developed in parallel avenues with many arguing that they should be addressed separately; however, there has also been a growing concern as to how they might or should be considered together in order to advance the objectives of both areas on development and better standards of living for the population. In this study, the decisions from 2004 to 2010 of the dispute settlement organs of these three treaties were analyzed in order to find if human rights arguments have been raised in trade disputes and how the settlement organs have decided on them. This analysis will show that human rights are not considered in any of the decisions from NAFTA; that Mercosur has addressed human rights concerns and has followed the experience of the European Community; and that the Andean Community has made decisions based on human rights arguments but now faces a more challenging situation given changes in member states’ governments and their policies towards the agreement. Although there are some questions as to whether human rights and trade issues should be addressed jointly, experience shows cases in which it is already happening. Therefore, the question might be whether human rights should be explicitly incorporated in trade agreements and, most importantly, how.
Stixilamides A and B, two new phenolic amides from the leaves of Stixis suaveolens
Creators: name: Ngo, Quoc Anh
name: Tran, Thi Yen
name: Nguyen, Thuy Hang
name: Van Tuyen Nguyen,
name: Duong, Hong Anh
name: Pham, Hung Viet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The ethylacetate extracts produced from the leaves of Stixis suaveolens (Roxb.) was characterized on the basis of NMR spectra combined with extensive mass spectroscopic techniques. The chemical characterization revealed presence of two new phenolic amides which were named as stixilamides A and B.
A Detailed View of the Circumstellar Environment and Disk of the Forming O-star AFGL 4176
Creators: name: Johnston, K. G.
name: Hoare, M. G.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Linz, H.
name: Boley, P.
name: Kuiper, R.
name: Kee, N. D.
name: Robitaille, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of the disk and circumstellar environment of the forming O-type star AFGL 4176 mm1, placing results from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) into context with multiwavelength data. With ALMA, we detect seventeen 1.2 mm continuum sources within 5$''$ (21,000 au) of AFGL 4176 mm1. We find that mm1 has a spectral index of 3.4$\pm$0.2 across the ALMA band, with $>$87% of its 1.2 mm continuum emission from dust. The source mm2, projected 4200 au from mm1, may be a companion or a blueshifted knot in a jet. We also explore the morphological differences between the molecular lines detected with ALMA, finding 203 lines from 25 molecules, which we categorize into several morphological types. Our results show that AFGL 4176 mm1 provides an example of a forming O-star with a large and chemically complex disk, which is mainly traced by nitrogen-bearing molecules. Lines that show strong emission on the blueshifted side of the disk are predominantly oxygen-bearing, which we suggest are tracing a disk accretion shock. The molecules C$^{34}$S, H$_2$CS and CH$_{3}$CCN trace a slow wide-angle wind or dense structures in the outflow cavity walls. With the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), we detect a compact continuum source ($$96% is from ionized gas. The ATCA NH$_3$(1,1) and (2,2) emission traces a large-scale (r$\sim$0.5 pc) rotating toroid with the disk source mm1 in the blueshifted part of this structure offset to the northwest.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, 50 pages, 26 figures. Data available online at http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3369188
General relativistic magnetohydrodynamic dynamo in thick accretion disks: fully nonlinear simulations
Creators: name: Tomei, N.
name: Del Zanna, L.
name: Bugli, M.
name: Bucciantini, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent imaging of the M87 black hole at millimeter wavelengths by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration has triggered a renewed interest in numerical models for the accretion of magnetized plasma in the regime of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD). Here non-ideal simulations, including both the resistive effects and, above all, the mean-field dynamo action due to sub-scale, unresolved turbulence, are applied for the first time to such systems in the fully nonlinear regime. Combined with the differential rotation of the disk, the dynamo process is able to produce an exponential growth of any initial seed magnetic field up to the values required to explain the observations, when the instability tends to saturate even in the absence of artificial quenching effects. Before reaching the final saturation stage we observe a secondary regime of exponential growing, where the magnetic field increases more slowly due to accretion, which is modifying the underlying equilibrium. By varying the dynamo coefficient we obtain different growth rates, though the field seems to saturate at approximately the same level, at least for the limited range of parameters explored here, providing substantial values for the MAD parameter for magnetized accretion. For reasonable values of the central mass density and the commonly employed recipes for synchrotron emission by relativistically hot electrons, our model is able to reproduce naturally the observed flux of Sgr A*, the next target for EHT.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Agricultural Total Factor Productivity and Income Gap between Urban and Rural Residents —— An Empirical Study Based on Provincial Panel Data
Creators: name: CHEN, Chen
name: CHEN, Chen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Manquist index, Panel data, Total factor productivity (TFP), Income gap

description: Taking the relevant data of 27 provinces in China during 2013 and 2017 as samples, this paper firstly measured the agricultural total factor productivity (TFP) using Manquist index method. Then, it built the panel data model, and empirically tested the impacts of agricultural TFP on the income gap between urban and rural residents. The results show that the improvement in agricultural TFP can promote the narrowing of the income gap between urban and rural residents, and the factors such as urbanization level and industrial structure also have significant impacts on the income gap between urban and rural residents. On the basis of these, it came up with recommendations, including increasing agricultural human capital investment and establishing agricultural production research institutions.
Surface-acoustic-wave driven planar light-emitting device
Creators: name: Cecchini, Marco
name: De Simoni, Giorgio
name: Piazza, Vincenzo
name: Beltram, Fabio
name: Beere, H. E.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electroluminescence emission controlled by means of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in planar light-emitting diodes (pLEDs) is demonstrated. Interdigital transducers for SAW generation were integrated onto pLEDs fabricated following the scheme which we have recently developed. Current-voltage, light-voltage and photoluminescence characteristics are presented at cryogenic temperatures. We argue that this scheme represents a valuable building block for advanced optoelectronic architectures.
The Mouse that Squeaked: A small flare from Proxima Cen observed in the millimeter, optical, and soft X-ray with Chandra and ALMA
Creators: name: Howard, Ward S.
name: MacGregor, Meredith A.
name: Osten, Rachel
name: Forbrich, Jan
name: Cranmer, Steven R.
name: Tristan, Isaiah
name: Weinberger, Alycia J.
name: Youngblood, Allison
name: Barclay, Thomas
name: Loyd, R. O. Parke
name: Shkolnik, Evgenya L.
name: Zic, Andrew
name: Wilner, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present millimeter, optical, and soft X-ray observations of a stellar flare with an energy squarely in the regime of typical X1 solar flares. The flare was observed from Proxima Cen on 2019 May 6 as part of a larger multi-wavelength flare monitoring campaign and was captured by Chandra, LCOGT, du Pont, and ALMA. Millimeter emission appears to be a common occurrence in small stellar flares that had gone undetected until recently, making it difficult to interpret these events within the current multi-wavelength picture of the flaring process. The May 6 event is the smallest stellar millimeter flare detected to date. We compare the relationship between the soft X-ray and millimeter emission to that observed in solar flares. The X-ray and optical flare energies of 10$^{30.3\pm0.2}$ and 10$^{28.9\pm0.1}$ erg, respectively, the coronal temperature of T=11.0$\pm$2.1 MK, and the emission measure of 9.5$\pm$2.2 X 10$^{49}$ cm$^{-3}$ are consistent with M-X class solar flares. We find the soft X-ray and millimeter emission during quiescence are consistent with the Gudel-Benz Relation, but not during the flare. The millimeter luminosity is >100X higher than that of an equivalent X1 solar flare and lasts only seconds instead of minutes as seen for solar flares.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Effective Spin-1/2 Moments on a Yb$^{3+}$ Triangular Lattice: an ESR Study
Creators: name: Sichelschmidt, Jörg
name: Schmidt, Burkhard
name: Schlender, Philipp
name: Khim, Seunghyun
name: Doert, Thomas
name: Baenitz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the spin dynamics by electron spin resonance (ESR) of the Yb-based, effective spin-1/2 delafossites NaYbO$_{2}$, AgYbO$_{2}$, LiYbS$_{2}$, NaYbS$_{2}$, and NaYbSe$_{2}$ which all show an absence of magnetic order down to lowest reachable temperatures and thus are prime candidates to host a quantum spin-liquid ground state in the vicinity of long range magnetic order. Clearly resolved ESR spectra allow to obtain well-defined $g$ values which are determined by the crystal field of the distorted octahedral surrounding of the Yb-ions in trigonal symmetry. This local crystal field information provides important input to characterize the effective $S = 1/2$ Kramers doublet as well as the anisotropic exchange coupling between the Yb ions which is crucial for the nature of the groundstate. The ESR linewidth $ΔB$ is characterised by the spin dynamics and is mainly determined by the anisotropic exchange coupling. We discuss and compare $ΔB$ of the above mentioned delafossites focussing on the low temperature behaviour which is dominated by the growing influence of spin correlations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, SCES 2019 conference
Solvent extraction, spectral analysis and antibacterial activity of the bioactive crystals of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C.Agardh from Red Sea
Creators: name: Moni, Sivakumar Sivagurunathan
name: Alam, Mohammad Firoz
name: Makeen, Hafiz A.
name: Alhazmi, Hassan A.
name: Sultan, Muhammad
name: Rahimullah Siddiqui
name: Aamena Jabeen
name: Sanobar, Syeda
name: Md Shamsher Alam
name: Rehman, Zia Ur
name: Elmobark, Mohamed Eltyep
name: Madkhali, Osama
name: Anzarul Haque
name: Albratty, Mohammed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and anti-bacterial properties of the bioactive principles of Sargassum aquifolium (Turner) C.Agardh, a brown seaweed in Red sea of Jazan province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Crystals were obtained from the petroleum ether extract of Sargassum aquifolium and subjected to chemical tests, FTIR spectroscopic analysis and NMR analysis to identify their chemical composition, and to study their antibacterial properties against selected human pathogenic bacteria. In addition, GC–MS analysis was performed to identify the bioactive compounds in the crude petroleum ether extract. Results of the antibacterial effect of the crystal analyte showed a wide spectrum of activity against the screened human pathogenic bacteria.
Strategic Measures for Implementing 300 Demonstration Projects to Lead the Construction of Modern Agricultural Industrial Clusters with Output of 100 Billion Yuan
Creators: name: GAO, Ying
name: PENG, Changjia
name: LI, Fengyuan
name: LUO, Jun
name: DU, Jiawei
name: LUO, Feng
name: LU, Ning
name: GAO, Ying
name: PENG, Changjia
name: LI, Fengyuan
name: LUO, Jun
name: DU, Jiawei
name: LUO, Feng
name: LU, Ning
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Structural reform of the agricultural supply front, 300 Demonstration Projects, Modern agriculture, Industrial clusters with output of 100 billion yuan, Construction, Strategic measures

description: To carefully implement the rural revitalization strategy, further promote the structural reform of the agricultural supply front, implement the “155 Development Strategy”, speed up the cultivation of the modern agricultural 100 billion industrial cluster, and constantly consolidate the industrial foundation of the “Second City in Chengdu-Chongqing Line”, the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government of Nanchong City decided to implement the " 300 Demonstration Projects" of modern agriculture. It firmly grasps the “bull nose” (key part) of the project, energetically implements the construction of 100 modern circular agricultural demonstration parks, 100 agricultural leading enterprises with output value of 10 billion yuan, and 100 agricultural new business model demonstration projects (hereinafter referred to as 300 Demonstration Projects), to realize the goal of the output value of the modern agricultural industrial clusters of Nanchong City exceeds 100 billion yuan in 2020.
Joint Constraints on Exoplanetary Orbits from Gaia DR3 and Doppler Data
Creators: name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third Gaia data release includes a catalog of exoplanets and exoplanet candidates identified via the star's astrometric motion. This paper reports on tests for consistency between the Gaia two-body orbital solutions and precise Doppler velocities, for the stars currently amenable to such a comparison. For BD 17-0063, HD 81040, and HD 132406, the Gaia orbital solution and the Doppler data were found to be consistent, and were fitted jointly to obtain the best possible constraints on the planets' orbits and masses. Inconsistencies were found for 4 stars: HD 111232, probably due to additional planets that were not included in the astrometric model; HD 175167 and HR 810, possibly due to inaccurate treatment of non-Gaussian uncertainties in the Gaia orbital solutions; and HIP 66074, for unknown reasons. Consistency tests were also performed for HD 114762, which was reported in 1989 to have a brown dwarf or exoplanet but has since been shown to be binary star. The joint Gaia-Doppler analysis shows the secondary mass to be 0.215 +/- 0.013 Msun and the orbital inclination to be 3.63 +/- 0.06 degrees.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, to appear in AJ
Quercetin in the Prevention of COVID-19 Death: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Besharati, Mohammad Reza
name: Izadi, Mohammad
name: Alireza Talebpour
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Death, Mortality, Quercetin, Anti-viral Care

description: The two-tailed P value is less than 0.0001
 By conventional criteria, this difference is considered to be extremely statistically significant.
Chargino contribution to the rare decay b -> s s bar{d}
Creators: name: Wu, Xiao-Hong
name: Zhang, Da-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rare decay b -> s s bar{d} is studied in the supersymmetric standard model by considering the contribution from the chargino box diagrams. We find that this contribution amounts to 10^{-9} in the branching ratio.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted version
Carbon envelopes around merging galaxies at z ~ 4.5
Creators: name: Di Cesare, C.
name: Ginolfi, M.
name: Graziani, L.
name: Schneider, R.
name: Romano, M.
name: Popping, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxies evolve through a dynamic exchange of material with their immediate surrounding environment, the so-called circumgalactic medium (CGM). Understanding the physics of gas flows and the nature of the CGM is thus fundamental to studying galaxy evolution, especially at $4 \leq z \leq 6$ (i.e. at post-Reionization Epoch) when galaxies rapidly assembled their masses and reached their chemical maturity. Galactic outflows are predicted to enrich the CGM with metals, although gas stripping in systems undergoing a major merger has also been suggested to play a role. In this work, we explore the metal enrichment of the medium around merging galaxies at $z \sim 4.5$, observed by the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate [CII] at Early times (ALPINE). To do so, we study the nature of the [CII]158 $μ$m emission in the CGM around these systems, using simulations to help disentangle the mechanisms contributing to the CGM metal pollution. By adopting an updated classification of major merger systems in the ALPINE survey, we select and analyze merging galaxies whose components can be spatially and/or spectrally resolved in a robust way. Thus, we can distinguish between the [CII] emission coming from the single components of the system and that coming from the system as a whole. We also make use of the \texttt{dustyGadget} cosmological simulation to select synthetic analogs of observed galaxies and guide the interpretation of the observational results. We find a large diffuse [CII] envelope ($\gtrsim 20 $ kpc) embedding all the merging systems, with at least $25 \%$ of the total [CII] emission coming from the medium \textit{between} the galaxies. Using predictions from \texttt{dustyGadget} we suggest that this emission has a multi-fold nature, with dynamical interactions between galaxies playing a major role in stripping the gas and enriching the medium with heavy elements.}
description: 22 pages, 15 figure, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Kosterlitz-Thouless phase and $Z_d$ topological quantum phase
Creators: name: Zarei, Mohammad Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known that encoding Boltzmann weights of a classical spin model in amplitudes of a many-body wave function can provide quantum models whose phase structure is characterized by using classical phase transitions. In particular, such correspondence can lead to find new quantum phases corresponding to well-known classical phases. Here, we investigate this problem for Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) phase in the d-state clock model where we find a corresponding quantum model constructed by applying a local invertible transformation on a d-level version of Kitaev's Toric code. In particular, we show the ground state fidelity in such quantum model is mapped to the heat capacity of the clock model. Accordingly, we identify an extended topological phase transition in our model in a sense that, for $d \geq 5$, a KT-like quantum phase emerges between a $Z_d$ topological phase and a trivial phase. Then, using a mapping to the correlation function in the clock model, we introduce a non-local (string) observable for the quantum model which exponentially decays in terms of distance between two endpoints of the corresponding string in the $Z_d$ topological phase while it shows a power law behavior in the KT-like phase. Finally, using well-known transition temperatures for d-state clock model we give evidences to show that while stability of both $Z_d$ topological phase and the KT-like phase increases by increasing d, the KT-like phase is even more stable than the $Z_d$ topological phase for large d.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Oleanane triterpenoids from Rubia philippinensis and their inhibitory effect on 20-HETE synthesis
Creators: name: Khong Trong Quan
name: Min, Byung Gu
name: Hwang, In Hyun
name: Choi, Yeon Jung
name: Kim, Sang Kyum
name: MinKyun Na
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A new oleanane triterpenoid (2) was isolated from the roots of Rubia philippinensis. The structure of 2 was determined by analysis of HRMS and NMR data and identified as a rubiprasin analogue, 16β-hydroxyrubiprasin B. Four related known compounds were also encountered which include rubiprasin B (1), maslinic acid (3), 4-epi-hederagenin (4) and oleanolic acid (5). The compounds 3–5 displayed moderate inhibitory activity against the synthesis of the eicosanoid 20-HETE.
Understanding quantum mechanics: a review and synthesis in precise language
Creators: name: Drummond, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P05 (Primary)

description: This review, of the understanding of quantum mechanics, is broad in scope, and aims to reflect enough of the literature to be representative of the current state of the subject. To enhance clarity, the main findings are presented in the form of a coherent synthesis of the reviewed sources. The review highlights core characteristics of quantum mechanics. One is statistical balance in the collective response of an ensemble of identically prepared systems, to differing measurement types. Another is that states are mathematical terms prescribing probability aspects of future events, relating to an ensemble of systems, in various situations. These characteristics then yield helpful insights on entanglement, measurement, and widely-discussed experiments and analyses. The review concludes by considering how these insights are supported, illustrated and developed by some specific approaches to understanding quantum mechanics. The review uses non-mathematical language precisely (terms defined) and rigorously (consistent meanings), and uses only such language. A theory more descriptive of independent reality than is quantum mechanics may yet be possible. One step in the pursuit of such a theory is to reach greater consensus on how to understand quantum mechanics. This review aims to contribute to achieving that greater consensus, and so to that pursuit.
description: 48 Pages, originally published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License at https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/phys.2019.17.issue-1/phys-2019-0045/phys-2019-0045.xml
Large amplitude bidirectional anisotropy of cosmic-ray intensity observed with world-wide networks of ground-based neutron monitors and muon detectors in November, 2021
Creators: name: Munakata, K.
name: Kozai, M.
name: Kato, C.
name: Hayashi, Y.
name: Kataoka, R.
name: Kadokura, A.
name: Tokumaru, M.
name: Mendonça, R. R. S.
name: Echer, E.
name: Lago, A. Dal
name: Rockenbach, M.
name: Schuch, N. J.
name: Bageston, J. V.
name: Braga, C. R.
name: Jassar, H. K. Al
name: Sharma, M. M.
name: Duldig, M. L.
name: Humble, J. E.
name: Sabbah, I.
name: Evenson, P.
name: Mangeard, P. -S.
name: Kuwabara, T.
name: Ruffolo, D.
name: Sáiz, A.
name: Mitthumsiri, W.
name: Nuntiyakul, W.
name: Kóta, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the cosmic-ray variations during a significant Forbush decrease observed with world-wide networks of ground-based neutron monitors and muon detectors during November 3-5, 2021. Utilizing the difference between primary cosmic-ray rigidities monitored by neutron monitors and muon detectors, we deduce the rigidity spectra of the cosmic-ray density (or omnidirectional intensity) and the first- and second-order anisotropies separately, for each hour of data. A clear two-step decrease is seen in the cosmic-ray density with the first $\sim2\%$ decrease after the interplanetary shock arrival followed by the second $\sim5\%$ decrease inside the magnetic flux rope (MFR) at 15 GV. Most strikingly, a large bidirectional streaming along the magnetic field is observed in the MFR with a peak amplitude of $\sim5\%$ at 15 GV which is comparable to the total density decrease inside the MFR. The bidirectional streaming could be explained by adiabatic deceleration and/or focusing in the expanding MFR, which have stronger effects for pitch angles near 90$^\circ$, or by selective entry of GCRs along a leg of the MFR. The peak anisotropy and density depression in the flux rope both decrease with increasing rigidity. The spectra vary dynamically indicating that the temporal variations of density and anisotropy appear different in neutron monitor and muon detector data.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 1 of Relative contributions of non-essential Sec pathway components and cell envelope-associated proteases to high-level enzyme secretion by Bacillus subtilis
Creators: name: Neef, Jolanda
name: Bongiorni, Cristina
name: Schmidt, Brian
name: Goosens, Vivianne
name: Dijl, Jan Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Strains used in this study. Table S2. Primers used in this study.
Evaluation of two building air cleaning systems at UBC Life Science Building based on environmental impact and cost analyses
Creators: name: Hashemi, Seyedeh Zahra
name: Bao, Jie
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: To provide fresh and clean air to the Life Science Building at UBC, air filters have been installed in which air gets purified while passing through the filters, with the expenses of electrical energy driving the air fans. To maintain the constant temperature of the building air, cleaned air also passes through a heating coil to be heated or cooled. In the existing bulding air cleaning system, two kinds of filters were used. One is the pre-filter, and the other one is the box filter, which requires to be replaced every three months and every year, respectively. New filters from Nalco company have been considered as a replacement to the existing building air cleaning system. The new filters need to be replaced every 2 years. The previous filter system contains four hundred pre-filters, 24x24x2 Red Excel filters, and 400 box filters, 24x24x12 MVP. In the new system, 400 24x24x2 3M filters are replaced. Switching from the existing filter system to the new one is expected to reduce the costs, including the cost associated with the electrical energy required to force the air through the filters, waste disposal cost and the labor cost for the filter replacement. To quantify the advantage of the proposed new filter system over the existing system, we conducted an environmental impact assessment of the existing and proposed filter systems including pre-filters, box filters and the new filters (3M filters) in the Life science building of the University of British Columbia. Furthermore, a cost analysis was carried out to investigate whether it was economical to replace the existing filter system with the new filter system.
Phenolic glycosides from Nitraria sibirica leaves and their in vitro biological activities
Creators: name: Chimengul Turghun
name: Mahinur Bakri
name: Ge-Yu Liu
name: Khayrulla Bobakulov
name: Haji Akber Aisa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Seventeen phenolic glycosides were isolated from the Nitraria sibirica. Their structures were identified by the spectroscopic data and comparison with literatures as isovanillyl alcohol-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), benzyl β-primeveroside (2), benzyl-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), 1-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-4-(8-hydroxyethyl)-2-methoxyphenyl (4), dehydrosyringin (5), trans-ferulic acid-4-O-β-d-glucoside (6), cis-ferulic acid 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (7), glucosyringic acid (8), 1-O-feruloyl-β-d-glucoside (9), sachaloside VII (10), (3S, 5R, 6R, 7E, 9S)-megastigmane-7-ene-3-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-9-O-β-d-glucopyranoside(11), 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzyl alcohol (12), pinoresinol 4-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (13), eucommin A (14), isoeucommin A (15), acanthoside (16), liriodendrin (17). All these compounds except compound 13 were isolated from the Nitraria genus for the first time. In bioactivity assays for all compounds, the compounds 8 and 15 were exhibited strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 18.11 and 16.29 μM respectively), while compounds 3 and 11 were exhibited strong PTP1B enzymatic inhibition (IC50 = 6.97 and 11.76 μM, respectively). Furthermore, the compounds 10 and 17 were presented strong inhibitory capacities against Candida albicans (14.5 and 13.5 mm, respectively).
Direct limits and fixed point sets
Creators: name: Bergman, George M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18A30 (primary) 06A06, 20M30 (secondary)

description: For which groups G is it true that whenever we form a direct limit of G-sets, dirlim_{i\in I} X_i, the set of its fixed points, (dirlim_I X_i)^G, can be obtained as the direct limit dirlim_I(X_i^G) of the fixed point sets of the given G-sets? An easy argument shows that this holds if and only if G is finitely generated. If we replace ``group G'' by ``monoid M'', the answer is the less familiar condition that the improper left congruence on M be finitely generated. Replacing our group or monoid with a small category E, the concept of set on which G or M acts with that of a functor E --> Set, and the concept of fixed point set with that of the limit of a functor, a criterion of a similar nature is obtained. The case where E is a partially ordered set leads to a condition on partially ordered sets which I have not seen before (pp.23-24, Def. 12 and Lemma 13). If one allows the {\em codomain} category Set to be replaced with other categories, and/or allows direct limits to be replaced with other kinds of colimits, one gets a vast area for further investigation.
description: 28 pages. Notes on 1 Aug.'05 revision: Introduction added; Cor.s 9 and 10 strengthened and Cor.10 added; section 9 removed and section 8 rewritten; source file re-formatted for Elsevier macros. To appear, J.Alg