cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implementing major system change in specialist cancer surgery: The role of provider networks
Creators: name: Vindrola-Padros, Cecilia
name: Ramsay, Angus IG
name: Perry, Catherine
name: Darley, Sarah
name: Wood, Victoria J
name: Clarke, Caroline S
name: Hines, John
name: Levermore, Claire
name: Melnychuk, Mariya
name: Moore, Caroline M
name: Morris, Stephen
name: Mughal, Muntzer M
name: Pritchard-Jones, Kathy
name: Shackley, David
name: Fulop, Naomi J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original Research
Major system change
cancer surgery
networks

description: Objective: Major system change (MSC) has multiple, sometimes conflicting, goals and involves implementing change across a number of organizations. This study sought to develop new understanding of how the role that networks can play in implementing MSC, using the case of centralization of specialist cancer surgery in London, UK. Methods: The study was based on a framework drawn from literature on networks and MSC. We analysed 100 documents, conducted 134 h of observations during relevant meetings and 81 interviews with stakeholders involved in the centralization. We analysed the data using thematic analysis. Results: MSC in specialist cancer services was a contested process, which required constancy in network leadership over several years, and its horizontal and vertical distribution across the network. A core central team composed of network leaders, managers and clinical/manager hybrid roles was tasked with implementing the changes. This team developed different forms of engagement with provider organizations and other stakeholders. Some actors across the network, including clinicians and patients, questioned the rationale for the changes, the clinical evidence used to support the case for change, and the ways in which the changes were implemented. Conclusions: Our study provides new understanding of MSC by discussing the strategies used by a provider network to facilitate complex changes in a health care context in the absence of a system-wide authority.
Additional file 1 of A qualitative study on safety perception among healthcare workers of a tertiary academic care center during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Creators: name: Ehrenzeller, Selina
name: Durovic, Ana
name: Kuehl, Richard
name: Martinez, Aurélien Emmanuel
name: Bielser, Michèle
name: Battegay, Manuel
name: von Rotz, Matthias
name: Fringer, André
name: Tschudin-Sutter, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of participants.
Pre-main sequence stars in the stellar association N11 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Vallenari, Antonella
name: Chiosi, Emanuela
name: Sordo, Rosanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magellanic Clouds are of extreme importance to the study of the star formation process in low metallicity environments. In this paper we report on the discovery of pre-main sequence candidates and young embedded stellar objects in N11 located in the Large Magellanic Cloud to cast light on the star formation scenario. We would like to remind that this comparison is complicated by the presence of a large age dispersion detected in the fields. Deep archive HST/ACS photometry is used to derive color-magnitude diagrams of the associations in N~11 and of the foreground field population. These data are complemented by archive IR Spitzer data which allow the detection of young embedded stellar objects. The spatial distribution of the pre-main sequence candidates and young embedded stellar objects is compared with literature data observed at different wavelengths, such as H$_α$ and CO maps, and with the distribution of OB and Herbig Ae/Be stars. The degree of clustering is derived using the Minimal Spanning Tree method and the two point correlation function to get insights about the formation process. A large population of pre-main sequence candidates is found in N11. Their masses are in the range of 1.3-2 MSun for ages from 2 to 10 Myr. Young embedded stellar objects having ages of 0.1-1 Myr are found to be intermixed with the candidate pre-main sequence stars. The spatial distribution of the stars shows that this region is the product of clustered star formation. No significant difference is found in the clustering degree of young blue main sequence stars and faint pre-main sequence candidates, suggesting that they might be part of the same formation process. The data suggest that the star formation in the region is a long-lasting process where stars from 0.1 to 10 Myr are widely distributed.
description: 18 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Baker_Nature_Communications_BioRRA
Creators: name: Baker, Kenneth Frank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Supplementary data and code to accompany the Nature Communications publication "Single-cell insights into immune dysregulation in rheumatoid arthritis flare versus drug-free remission" by Baker et al

The cytof_analysis code is based on the analysis pipeline presented in Nowicka M, et al. CyTOF workflow: differential discovery in high-throughput high-dimensional cytometry datasets [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]. F1000Research 6,  (2017), and contains code that is reproduced from that publication.
‘Tightness’, recognition and penal power
Creators: name: Crewe, Ben
name: Ievins, Alice
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Articles
imprisonment
misrecognition
penal power
‘tightness’

description: Prison scholarship has tended to focus on the pains and frustrations that result from the use and over-use of penal power. Yet the absence of such power and the subjective benefits of its grip are also worthy of attention. This article begins by drawing on recent literature and research findings to develop the concept of ‘tightness’ beyond its initial formulation. Drawing primarily on data from a study of men convicted of sex offences, it goes on to explain that, in some circumstances, the reach and hold of penal power are not experienced as oppressive and undesirable, and, indeed, may be welcomed. Conversely, institutional inattention and an absence of grip may be experienced as painful. Prisons, then, can be ‘loose’ or ‘lax’ as well as ‘tight’. The article then discusses the different ways in which prisons exercise grip, and, in doing so, recognise or misrecognise the subjectivity of the individual prisoner. It concludes by identifying the connections between this ‘ground-up’ analysis of the relative legitimacy of different forms of penal intervention and recent discussions in penal theory about the proper role of the state in communicating censure and promoting personal repentance and change.
Unconventional superfluidity of fermions in Bose-Fermi mixtures
Creators: name: Dutta, O.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine two dimensional mixture of single-component fermions and dipolar bosons. We calculate the self-enregies of the fermions in the normal state and the Cooper pair channel by including first order vertex correction to derive a modified Eliashberg equation. We predict appearance of superfluids with various non-standard pairing symmetries at experimentally feasible transition temperatures within the strong-coupling limit of the Eliashberg equation. Excitations in these superfluids are anyonic and follow non-Abelian statistics.
MPEC 2023-J168 : S/2004 S 49
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: S/2004 S 49

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
What kills international organisations? When and why international organisations terminate
Creators: name: Eilstrup-Sangiovanni, Mette
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Intergovernmental organisations
international institutions
institutional termination and change
international relations theory
power and international order

description: This article addresses the puzzle of why, and under what conditions, international organisations cease to exist. International Relations literature offers rich explanations for the creation, design and effectiveness of international institutions and their organisational embodiments, international organizations (IOs), but surprisingly little effort has gone into studying the dynamics of IO termination. Yet if we want to understand the conditions under which international organisations endure, we must also explain why they frequently fail to do so. The article formulates and tests a theory of ‘IO death’ using a combination of population-wide statistical analysis and detailed historical case studies. My analysis is based on an original dataset covering the period 1815–2016. I find that exogenous shocks are a leading proximate cause of IO terminations since 1815 and that organisations that are newly created, have small memberships, and/or lack centralised structures are most likely to succumb. My analysis leads me to suggest a number of extensions and refinements to existing institutionalist theories.
Baker_Nature_Communications_BioRRA
Creators: name: Baker, Kenneth Frank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Supplementary data and code to accompany the Nature Communications publication "Single-cell insights into immune dysregulation in rheumatoid arthritis flare versus drug-free remission" by Baker et al

The cytof_analysis code is based on the analysis pipeline presented in Nowicka M, et al. CyTOF workflow: differential discovery in high-throughput high-dimensional cytometry datasets [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]. F1000Research 6,  (2017), and contains code that is reproduced from that publication.
Additional file 2 of A qualitative study on safety perception among healthcare workers of a tertiary academic care center during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Creators: name: Ehrenzeller, Selina
name: Durovic, Ana
name: Kuehl, Richard
name: Martinez, Aurélien Emmanuel
name: Bielser, Michèle
name: Battegay, Manuel
name: von Rotz, Matthias
name: Fringer, André
name: Tschudin-Sutter, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Interview Guide.
title: Experimental Electronic Literature from the Souths. A Political Contribution to Critical and Creative Digital Humanities
Creators: name: Kozak, Claudia
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2021

description: Claudia Kozak evaluates the potential of experimental e-lit to build decolonial critical paths within global digital humanities. Framing her perspective in the Epistemologies of the South (Sousa Santos) and decolonial thinking (Mignolo), she draws attention to politics of knowledge and analyses issues such as linguistic hegemonies, e-lit imaginaries and genealogies emerging from the Souths and unexpected mixtures between experimentalism and third-generation e-lit in Latin America.
title: Excavating Logics of White Supremacy in Electronic Literature: Antiracism as Infrastructural Critique
Creators: name: Ikeda, Ryan
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2021

description: Thinking about the ways in which critical infrastructure studies can allow us to engage in antiracism critiques and practices, Ryan Ikeda provocatively challenges the electronic literature community to address some of the symbolic and material structures that he argues uphold the field. To this end, Ikeda positions elit infrastructure as dynamic and generative sites of cultural activity, and attends, in particular to the ELMCIP Knowledge Base, recent ebr discourses on decolonization, ELO fellowships, and literary historical genealogies, to examine how each constructs, affirms, racializes and extends power, privilege, and status to its members.
Costs of and Reasons for Rewrapping Prepackaged Meats, Poultry, and Cheese
Creators: name: Dobbins, C. E.
name: Hoecker, R. W.
name: Dobbins, C. E.
name: Hoecker, R. W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1951
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: A study was undertaken to measure the amount and cost of rewrapping required for prepackaged meats, poultry, and cheese and to find the reasons why rewrapping was necessary. This study is one of a series designed to aid retail store operators in the handling of prepackaged foods. Reduction of the amount of rewrapping required would reduce the cost of retailing foods and help to hold down the cost of marketing farm products. Such a reduction in costs normally permits either lower prices to the consumer, or higher prices to the producer, or the provision of additional services to the consumer without extra costs. Observations of the time required to rewrap previously packaged meat were made in three Washington, D. C., supermarkets which have self-service meat departments. Reasons for rewrapping, as well as the cost of rewrapping, were obtained for 4 weeks in each of two supermarkets, and for 2 weeks in a third, during the period April 10 through June 24, 1950. This information was obtained for all the various cuts of the principal types of meat, as well as for poultry and cheese.
Andreev Bound states as a phase sensitive probe of the pairing symmetry of the iron pnictide superconductors
Creators: name: Ghaemi, Pouyan
name: Wang, Fa
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A leading contender for the pairing symmetry in the Fe-pnictide high temperature superconductors is extended s-wave $s_\pm$, a nodeless state in which the pairing changes sign between Fermi surfaces. Verifying such a pairing symmetry requires a special phase sensitive probe that is also momentum selective. We show that the sign structure of $s_\pm$ pairing leads to surface Andreev bound states at the sample edge. In the clean limit they only occur when the edge is along the nearest neighbor Fe-Fe bond, but not for a diagonal edge or a surface orthogonal to the c-axis. In contrast to d-wave Andreev bound states, they are not at zero energy and, in general, do not produce a zero bias tunneling peak. Consequences for tunneling measurements are derived, within a simplified two band model and also for a more realistic five band model.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 3 of A qualitative study on safety perception among healthcare workers of a tertiary academic care center during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
Creators: name: Ehrenzeller, Selina
name: Durovic, Ana
name: Kuehl, Richard
name: Martinez, Aurélien Emmanuel
name: Bielser, Michèle
name: Battegay, Manuel
name: von Rotz, Matthias
name: Fringer, André
name: Tschudin-Sutter, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3: COREQ (Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies): 32-item checklist.
Surface mixing and biological activity in the four Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems
Creators: name: Rossi, V.
name: Lopez, C.
name: Hernandez-Garcia, E.
name: Sudre, J.
name: Garcon, V.
name: Morel, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS) are characterized by a high productivity of plankton associated with large commercial fisheries, thus playing key biological and socio-economical roles. The aim of this work is to make a comparative study of these four upwelling systems focussing on their surface stirring, using the Finite Size Lyapunov Exponents (FSLEs), and their biological activity, based on satellite data. First, the spatial distribution of horizontal mixing is analysed from time averages and from probability density functions of FSLEs. Then we studied the temporal variability of surface stirring focussing on the annual and seasonal cycle. There is a global negative correlation between surface horizontal mixing and chlorophyll standing stocks over the four areas. To try to better understand this inverse relationship, we consider the vertical dimension by looking at the Ekman-transport and vertical velocities. We suggest the possibility of a changing response of the phytoplankton to sub/mesoscale turbulence, from a negative effect in the very productive coastal areas to a positive one in the open ocean.
description: 12 pages. NPG Special Issue on "Nonlinear processes in oceanic and atmospheric flows". Open Access paper, available also at the publisher site: http://www.nonlin-processes-geophys.net/16/557/2009/
Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis Associated with Autoimmune Myopathy
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Introduction—Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis is a rare acute inflammatory myelinopathy of central nervous system with high mortality. We report a case of an unusual presentation of acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis with autoimmune myopathy and a complete recovery with steroids and plasmapheresis. Methods—A 24-year-old female admitted with generalized seizure, lethargy, but no focal neurological signs. Head scans revealed right frontal hypodensity with loss of basal cisterns, mild transfalcine shift to the left, a mass lesion with abnormal signal and multiple small hemorrhages. Biopsy pathology showed white matter demyelinating lesions with necrotizing destruction of small vessels and acute inflammation. EMG was consistent with demyelinating diffuse polyneuropathy and myopathy. Pathology of muscle showed myopathic changes suggestive of autoimmune myopathy. Results—Patient was initially treated with Dexamethasone, Mannitol, Keppra, Antibiotics and Acyclovir. Later when she developed diffuse polyneuropathy and myopathy, she was given plasmapheresis. The patient responded to the treatment and made a full recovery. Conclusion—Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis is a rare and usually fatal disorder. The etiology of AHLE remains clear; cross-reactivity between human myelin antigens and viral or bacterial antigens is thought to initiate an immune process causing demyelination. Usually the autoimmune process targets CNS myelin and spares the peripheral; however, in this case there was diffuse involvement of central and peripheral myelin and muscle.
Dynamic Evolution Model of Isothermal Voids and Shocks
Creators: name: Lou, Yu-Qing
name: Zhai, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore self-similar hydrodynamic evolution of central voids embedded in an isothermal gas of spherical symmetry under the self-gravity. More specifically, we study voids expanding at constant radial speeds in an isothermal gas and construct all types of possible void solutions without or with shocks in surrounding envelopes. We examine properties of void boundaries and outer envelopes. Voids without shocks are all bounded by overdense shells and either inflows or outflows in the outer envelope may occur. These solutions, referred to as type $\mathcal{X}$ void solutions, are further divided into subtypes $\mathcal{X}_{\rm I}$ and $\mathcal{X}_{\rm II}$ according to their characteristic behaviours across the sonic critical line (SCL). Void solutions with shocks in envelopes are referred to as type $\mathcal{Z}$ voids and can have both dense and quasi-smooth edges. Asymptotically, outflows, breezes, inflows, accretions and static outer envelopes may all surround such type $\mathcal{Z}$ voids. Both cases of constant and varying temperatures across isothermal shock fronts are analyzed; they are referred to as types $\mathcal{Z}_{\rm I}$ and $\mathcal{Z}_{\rm II}$ void shock solutions. We apply the `phase net matching procedure' to construct various self-similar void solutions. We also present analysis on void generation mechanisms and describe several astrophysical applications. By including self-gravity, gas pressure and shocks, our isothermal self-similar void (ISSV) model is adaptable to various astrophysical systems such as planetary nebulae, hot bubbles and superbubbles in the interstellar medium as well as supernova remnants.
description: 24 pages, 13 figuers, accepted by ApSS
Paludicola biligonigera Boul.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Leptodactylidae
Paludicola

description: Paludicola biligonigera Boul. cat.
Taguara v. F M. [4]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 673, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
Does quantum nonlocality irremediably conflict with Special Relativity?
Creators: name: Ghirardi, GianCarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the problem of the compatibility of quantum nonlocality and the requests for a relativistically invariant theoretical scheme. We begin by discussing a recent important paper by T. Norsen [arXiv:0808.2178] on this problem and we enlarge our considerations to give a general picture of the conceptually relevant issue to which this paper is devoted.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Cottonseed Oil Mill Characteristics and Marketing Practices
Creators: name: Kromer, George W.
name: Smith, Thomas B.
name: Kromer, George W.
name: Smith, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1951
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics

description: Excerpts from the report Preface: Operating practices of the cottonseed oil milling industry as reported to the Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce, are analyzed in this publication. Specifically, an attempt is made to relate variations in practices to variations in costs and other economic factors. The data on which the study was based were made available by the Bureau of the Census in such form as not to disclose the operations of individual establishments. Each month the vegetable oil mills in the United States report their operations to the Bureau of the Census. Principal items for which information is given are: Seed received, seed processed, products manufactured, and products shipped. From these data the seed on hand and products on hand can be directly computed. Also, biennially through 1939, and for 1947, the Census of Manufactures provided information on hours of labor employed, selected costs of operation, and value of products.
Additional file 1 of Adverse Effects of fine particulate matter on human kidney functioning: a systematic review
Creators: name: Rasking, Leen
name: Vanbrabant, Kenneth
name: Bové, Hannelore
name: Plusquin, Michelle
name: De Vusser, Katrien
name: Roels, Harry A.
name: Nawrot, Tim S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Risk of bias analysis performed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Crosses (×) indicate the allocation of a point in the scale; The minus sign (-) indicates the failure to accommodate the subject(s) discussed. Ascertainment of exposure checks the derivation of the exposure measurements (×) and the demonstration that the outcome of interest was not present at the start of the study (×). Comparability encompasses the presence of the main confounder age (×) and any additional confounder(s) (×) respectively. Articles were considered to have a high risk of bias below 4 points, a medium risk of bias below 6 points, and a low risk of bias above or equal to 6 points.
Designing integrated development environments for all ages through tinkering
Creators: name: Kerr, Katharine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: As programming becomes more ubiquitous, development environments must accommodate a more diverse set of users. Considering how to better support users of different ages and genders who program is an important first step for designing more inclusive development environments. Our research takes a step towards that goal as we evaluated how 91 end users (97% women) programmed in a live programming environment that we created and designed to support tinkering. The diverse ages of the participants, aged 19-29 to over 70, allowed us to identify trends in how differently-aged participants worked to complete their tasks. In addition to task performance, we analyzed the participants' thoughts and emotional responses towards the environment's features to learn what aspects of the environment they found insightful, confusing, and encouraged experimentation. We found that while older participants were less successful than younger participants, participants of all ages were more likely to succeed if they iterated more and decomposed tasks into partially correct programs. Additionally, users found the environment engaging and favoured visual feedback when making progress and when stuck. Our results provide insights into how development environments can be designed to more inclusively support a broader set of end user programmers.
Laser Gate: Multi-MeV electron acceleration and zeptosecond e-bunching
Creators: name: Kaplan, A. E.
name: Pokrovsky, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistically-intense laser beam with large field gradient ("laser gate") enables strong inelastic scattering of electrons crossing the beam. This process allows for multi-MeV electron net acceleration per pass within the wavelength space. Inelastic scattering even in low-gradient laser field may also induce extremely tight temporal focusing and electron bunch formation down to quantum, zepto-second limit.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures; replaced with more detailed figs (3 instead of 2); reformated to satisfy Opt. Express requirments
Healthcare utilization among migrants to the UK: cross-sectional analysis of two national surveys
Creators: name: Saunders, Catherine L
name: Steventon, Adam
name: Janta, Barbara
name: Stafford, Mai
name: Sinnott, Carol
name: Allen, Lucinda
name: Deeny, Sarah R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original Research
healthcare utilization
migration
primary care
secondary care
survey analysis

description: Funder: The Health Foundation
description: Objective: To contribute objective evidence on health care utilization among migrants to the UK to inform policy and service planning. Methods: We analysed data from Understanding Society, a household survey with fieldwork from 2015 to 2017, and the European Health Interview Survey with data collected between 2013 and 2014. We explored health service utilization among migrants to the UK across primary care, inpatient admissions and maternity care, outpatient care, mental health, dental care and physiotherapy. We adjusted for age, sex, long-term health conditions and time since moving to the UK. Results: Health care utilization among migrants to the UK was lower than utilization among the UK-born population for all health care dimensions except inpatient admissions for childbirth; odds ratio (95%CI) range 0.58 (0.50–0.68) for dental care to 0.88 (0.78–0.98) for primary care). After adjusting for differences in age and self-reported health, these differences were no longer observed, except for dental care (odds ratio 0.57, 95%CI 0.49–0.66, P < 0.001). Across primary care, outpatient and inpatient care, utilization was lower among those who had recently migrated, increasing to the levels of the nonmigrant population after 10 years or more since migrating to the UK. Conclusions: This study finds that newly arrived migrants tend to utilize less health care than the UK population and that this pattern was at least partly explained by better health, and younger age. Our findings contribute nationally representative evidence to inform public debate and decision-making on migration and health.
Formation regulation of various rosin esters and intensification mechanism using pressurized CO2
Creators: name: Zhou, Dan
name: Wang, Linlin
name: Chen, Xiaopeng
name: Wei, Xiaojie
name: Liang, Jiezhen
name: Tang, Weixiang
name: Yin, Lijiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: The esterification of rosin with pentaerythritol (PE) was studied, using pressurized CO2 as an intensified additive to high-temperature water (HTW), which formed the various esters with different soften points to meet industrial applications. A multiple linear regression model was established to determine the dependence of independent variables (CO2 pressure, temperature, PE-to-rosin mass ratio and reaction time) on rosin conversion, where the elasticity of the logarithm of CO2 pressure was 0.13, indicating pressurized CO2-HTW can effectively enhance this esterification. The conversion of rosin could be improved either by increasing the PE-to-rosin mass ratio or the reaction time, but products were monoester and triesters, respectively, thus the process regulation for the formation of various esters can be achieved through operating conditions. A corresponding stepwise esterification was proposed. Furthermore, the catalytic mechanism of pressurized CO2-HWT for this esterification were identified to be the acid catalysis of carbonic acid and the enhancemennt of CO2.
Opening remarks of the 11 May 2023 conference: "Innovations on Sustainable Materials for Textiles, Coatings, Films and other Wide Use Applications"
Creators: name: De la Feld, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Presentation at the "Innovations on Sustainable Materials for Textiles, Coatings, Films and other Wide Use Applications" Conference, organised by BIOnTop Partners European Bioplastics, AIMPLAS, ENCO in Düsseldorf, Maritim Hotel, Thu.11 May 2023, 8.30 am-3.30 pm and online
Global Phase Diagram for Magnetism and Lattice Distortion of Fe-pnictide Materials
Creators: name: Qi, Yang
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the global phase diagram of magnetic orders and lattice structure in the Fe-pnictide materials at zero temperature within one unified theory, tuned by both doping and pressure. On the low doping and high pressure side of the phase diagram, there is one single transition, which is described by a $z=2$ mean field theory with very weak run-away flows; on the high doping and low pressure side the transition is expected to split to two transitions, with one O(3) spin density wave transition followed by a z = 3 quantum Ising transition at larger doping. The fluctuation of the strain field fluctuation of the lattice will not affect the spin density wave transition, but will likely drive the Ising nematic transition more mean field like through a linear coupling, as observed experimentally in BaFe_2-xCo_xAs_2.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Dopamine, Prediction Error and Beyond
Creators: name: Diederen, Kelly M. J.
name: Fletcher, Paul C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Reviews
dopamine
prediction errors
brain
psychiatry
learning

description: A large body of work has linked dopaminergic signaling to learning and reward processing. It stresses the role of dopamine in reward prediction error signaling, a key neural signal that allows us to learn from past experiences, and that facilitates optimal choice behavior. Latterly, it has become clear that dopamine does not merely code prediction error size but also signals the difference between the expected value of rewards, and the value of rewards actually received, which is obtained through the integration of reward attributes such as the type, amount, probability and delay. More recent work has posited a role of dopamine in learning beyond rewards. These theories suggest that dopamine codes absolute or unsigned prediction errors, playing a key role in how the brain models associative regularities within its environment, while incorporating critical information about the reliability of those regularities. Work is emerging supporting this perspective and, it has inspired theoretical models of how certain forms of mental pathology may emerge in relation to dopamine function. Such pathology is frequently related to disturbed inferences leading to altered internal models of the environment. Thus, it is critical to understand the role of dopamine in error-related learning and inference.
Volume of the set of unistochastic matrices of order 3 and the mean Jarlskog invariant
Creators: name: Dunkl, Charles
name: Zyczkowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A bistochastic matrix B of size N is called unistochastic if there exists a unitary U such that B_ij=|U_{ij}|^{2} for i,j=1,...,N. The set U_3 of all unistochastic matrices of order N=3 forms a proper subset of the Birkhoff polytope, which contains all bistochastic (doubly stochastic) matrices. We compute the volume of the set U_3 with respect to the flat (Lebesgue) measure and analytically evaluate the mean entropy of an unistochastic matrix of this order. We also analyze the Jarlskog invariant J, defined for any unitary matrix of order three, and derive its probability distribution for the ensemble of matrices distributed with respect to the Haar measure on U(3) and for the ensemble which generates the flat measure on the set of unistochastic matrices. For both measures the probability of finding |J| smaller than the value observed for the CKM matrix, which describes the violation of the CP parity, is shown to be small. Similar statistical reasoning may also be applied to the MNS matrix, which plays role in describing the neutrino oscillations. Some conjectures are made concerning analogous probability measures in the space of unitary matrices in higher dimensions.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures version 2 - misprints corrected, explicit formulae for phases provided
Sexual identities and reproductive orientations: Coming out as wanting (or not wanting) to have children
Creators: name: Pralat, Robert
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Articles
coming out
generation
identity
normativity
orientation
parenthood
reproduction
sexuality

description: Funder: Isaac Newton Trust; FundRef: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004815
description: In the context of growing visibility, recognition and acceptance of lesbian motherhood and gay fatherhood in countries such as Britain, it is important to ask how younger generations of sexual minorities approach the possibility of becoming a parent. Drawing on interviews with lesbians and gay men who do not have children but may have them in the future, I explore how people become aware that having children is an option. By attending to how this consciousness manifests in conversations and how conversations shape the consciousness, I illuminate specific dynamics that raising the topic of parenthood creates in intimate interactions. My data show that it is often unclear to men and women who form same-sex relationships whether they are socially expected to have children. I argue that this ambiguity requires a kind of ‘coming out’ through which feelings about parenthood are made explicit. Using the concept of coming out, I ask: What if we were to think of people in terms of their ‘reproductive orientations’ rather than sexual identities? I suggest that, similar to expressing sexual identities, articulating reproductive orientations involves aligning with particular life trajectories based on binary logic. However, with ambiguous expectations about parenthood, neither having children nor remaining childfree is explicitly normative. As such, unlike coming out as lesbian or gay, which transgresses norms surrounding sexuality, coming out as wanting or not wanting to have children challenges normativity itself. I reflect on how this ‘normative challenge’ makes it possible to imagine parenthood and ‘childfreedom’ as intimacies of equal value.
Additional file 1 of Reduced dispensing of prescribed antibiotics during the Covid-19 pandemic has not increased severe complications from common infections
Creators: name: Norman, Christer
name: Svensson, Mikaela
name: Schmidt, Ingrid
name: Bergfeldt, Vendela S.
name: Obeid, Ragda
name: Ternhag, Anders
name: Struwe, Johan L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables and figures
Some Improved Methods for Receiving Bales of Cotton in Compresses and Warehouses
Creators: name: Wilmeth, Jo Brice
name: Bolt, Charles D.
name: Wilmeth, Jo Brice
name: Bolt, Charles D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Productivity Analysis
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpt from the report Introduction: This report is one of a number of preliminary reports being issued to make available to the cotton warehouse industry some of the results of research undertaken to find ways to reduce or hold down the cost of handling cotton into, within, and out of storage. It describes improved cotton-handling methods employed or undergoing experimentation, by a number of cotton warehousemen in various sections of the Cotton Belt in their efforts to increase the efficiency of physical handling required in receiving cotton from gins or from other cotton warehouses.
Global meta-analysis of evolution patterns for lake topics over centurial scale: A natural language understanding-based deep clustering approach with 130,000 studies
Creators: name: Jiang, Qingsong
name: Dong, Feifei
name: Li, Jincheng
name: Sun, Yanxin
name: Ji, Ningning
name: Liu, Yong
name: Chuo, Mingying
name: Wang, Zhiyun
name: Ji, Xiaoyan
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022

description:
As complicated microcosms, lakes have been attracting exponentially increasing attention, resulting in plentiful interdisciplinary academic publications of more than 105. It is thereby challengeable to explore the massive unstructured text information of publications to understand lake topics from the global- and centurial-scale perspectives. However, conventional bibliometrics suffer from the limitations of non-understanding the literature. A novel approach, Natural Language Understanding-Based Deep Clustering (NLU-DC) for large text clustering, was proposed in this study for global meta-analysis of evolution patterns for lake topics. The validated NLU-DC elevated the available keywords from 24% to 70%, correcting the statistical bias in the traditional evidence synthesis. Its high performance derives from the integration of a deep learning model, cosine distance, DBSCAN clustering and changing hyperparameters. This approach is of great accuracy and efficiency for large text datasets. This study thereby identified the centurial-scale topics related to lakes using large literature datasets covering >130,000 studies. The results showed that the topics became more and more abundant but were concentrated stably towards central ones. Six evolution patterns, consisting of fluctuating, emerging in 1970, emerging after 1970, trending-up, stable and trending-down patterns, were identified with generalized linear model (GLM). We found that, in recent twenty years, few emerging topics attract significant academic attention; and the dependency between topics is catching more attention than before. To prolong the lake studies, it is essential to strengthen the integrated studies on multi-pattern topics, in particular, over emerging and trending-down topics. Our study verified that the NLU-DC, consisting of state-of-the-art deep learning models in natural language processing and efficient clustering algorithm in machine learning, is a powerful method for global meta-analysis of water-related research fields and have huge potential to be applied in all fields of academical studies.
Rates, risks and routes to reduce vascular dementia (R4vad), a UK-wide multicentre prospective observational cohort study of cognition after stroke: Protocol
Creators: name: Wardlaw, Joanna M
name: Doubal, Fergus
name: Brown, Rosalind
name: Backhouse, Ellen
name: Woodhouse, Lisa
name: Bath, Philip
name: Quinn, Terence J
name: Robinson, Thompson
name: Markus, Hugh S
name: McManus, Richard
name: O’Brien, John T
name: Werring, David J
name: Sprigg, Nikola
name: Parry-Jones, Adrian
name: Touyz, Rhian M
name: Williams, Steven
name: Mah, Yee-Haur
name: Emsley, Hedley
name: Investigators, The R4VaD
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Protocol
Stroke
cognition
dementia
observational

description: Background: Stroke commonly affects cognition and, by definition, much vascular dementia follows stroke. However, there are fundamental limitations in our understanding of vascular cognitive impairment, restricting understanding of prevalence, trajectories, mechanisms, prevention, treatment and patient-service needs. Aims: Rates, Risks and Routes to Reduce Vascular Dementia (R4VaD) is an observational cohort study of post-stroke cognition. We aim to recruit a wide range of patients with stroke, presenting to geographically diverse UK hospitals, into a longitudinal study to determine rates of, and risk factors for, cognitive and related impairments after stroke, to assess potential mechanisms and improve prediction models. Methods: We will recruit at least 2000 patients within six weeks of stroke with or without capacity to consent and collect baseline demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, lifestyle, cognitive, neuropsychiatric and informant data using streamlined patient-centred methods appropriate to the stage after stroke. We will obtain more detailed assessments at four to eight weeks after the baseline assessment and follow-up by phone and post yearly to at least two years. We will assess diagnostic neuroimaging in all and high-sensitivity inflammatory markers, genetics, blood pressure and diffusion tensor imaging in mechanistic sub-studies. Planned outputs: R4VaD will provide reliable data on long-term cognitive function after stroke, stratified by prior cognition, stroke- and patient-related variables and improved risk prediction. It will create a platform enabling sharing of data, imaging and samples. Participants will be consented for re-contact, facilitating future clinical trials and providing a resource for the stroke and dementia research communities.
A note on the abelianizations of finite-index subgroups of the mapping class group
Creators: name: Putman, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For some $g \geq 3$, let $Γ$ be a finite index subgroup of the mapping class group of a genus $g$ surface (possibly with boundary components and punctures). An old conjecture of Ivanov says that the abelianization of $Γ$ should be finite. In this note, we prove two theorems supporting this conjecture. For the first, let $T_x$ denote the Dehn twist about a simple closed curve $x$. For some $n \geq 1$, we have $T_x^n \in Γ$. We prove that $T_x^n$ is torsion in the abelianization of $Γ$. Our second result shows that the abelianization of $Γ$ is finite if $Γ$ contains a "large chunk" (in a certain technical sense) of the Johnson kernel, that is, the subgroup of the mapping class group generated by twists about separating curves. This generalizes work of Hain and Boggi.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; a few revisions; to appear in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
title: Documenting a Field: The Life and Afterlife of the ELMCIP Collaborative Research Project and Electronic Literature Knowledge Base
Creators: name: Rettberg, Scott
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2021

description: The ELMCIP Electronic Literature Knowledge Base is a large-scale digital humanities database that emerged from a six-nation European research project on electronic literature. The Knowledge Base has since grown to become the most comprehensive open-access contributory database in the field, and is still actively developed. The project director, Scott Rettberg, reflects on the process involved in developing the database and the challenges involved in continuing to document the ever-changing landscape of the field of electronic literature.
Important perioperative factors, guidelines and outcomes in the management of hip fracture
Creators: name: Kyriacou, Harry
name: Khan, Wasim S
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Reviews
Hip fracture / Surgery / Elderly / Comorbidities / Perioperative / The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence / National Hip Fracture Database

description: Hip fractures are common injuries in the elderly and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. There are multiple perioperative factors that must be considered when managing these patients. These include analgesia, timing of surgery, choice of operation, type of anaesthesia, postoperative complications and comorbidities. Guidelines from The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence and the National Hip Fracture Database have been updated to reflect many of the above, but the importance of psychosocial factors is still emerging. This article focuses on the evidence for the key perioperative factors in hip fracture management and the tools available to predict hip fracture outcome.