cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effect of cigarette smoke and Toll-like receptor activation on alveolar inflammation
Creators: name: Grandolfo, Davide
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: The innate immune system is a first line defence mechanism against infection of the lower respiratory tract by pathogenic microorganisms. Pulmonary alveolar epithelial type 1 (TT1) and type-2 (AT-II) cells and macrophages (AMs) express Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial ligands and initiate the innate immune response by signalling synthesis and release of mediators, including cytokines. We hypothesized that activation of specific TLRs would elicit a unique profile of cytokine release from each cell type which would be enhanced in co-culture of pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages. Mono-cultures of each cell type, and co-cultures, were incubated with either Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, TLR-4 ligand), MALP-2 (TLR-2 ligand) or Poly I:C (TLR-3 ligand) for 24 hours. There was, as hypothesised, potentiation of IL-6, IL-8, and IP-10 release from cells in co-culture compared to mono-culture following LPS and Poly I:C. However, there was no additional effect of co-culture on IL-6 and IL-8 release following MALP-2 exposure. Further studies using antibody eutralisation demonstrated that a significant proportion of the potentiation was initiated by soluble factors, released by AMs, acting on the epithelial cells. Furthermore, neutralization of inflammasome -related cytokines, IL-1β and IL-18, significantly inhibited release of IL-8 and IP-10. Although exacerbations due to pathogen infection enhance lung function impairment, cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for COPD. We hypothesized that cigarette smoke e xtract (CSE) would moderate inflammatory response in the cells. 1% CSE caused inhibition of mediator release, suggesting that this may increase risk of infection among smokers. Subsequent studies demonstrated that concentrations <0.01% were stimulatory and resulted in the release of chemokines involved in the recruitment of dendritic cells. In conclusion, cytokine release at the alveolar interface will be up-regulated by interactions between alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages, via paracellular proces ses involving release of soluble factors by macrophages, including TNF-, IL-1 and IP-10.
Transcriptional and translational control of muscle cell phenotype
Creators: name: Lewis, Amy
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: In adults, skeletal muscle retains a high degree of plasticity and continues to remodel in response to functional demand (e.g. exercise), by regulating its size (or mass) and fibre-­‐type composition. Muscle atrophy and changes in fibre-­‐type proportions can also occur as a result of disease, e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. COPD is defined by its effects on the lung however, skeletal muscle atrophy and a slow-­‐to-­‐fast fibre shift are common clinical observations, which are associated with reduced survival and exercise intolerance, making the molecular pathways that regulate these processes of interest. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-­‐coding RNAs that reduce mRNA half-­‐life and translation. Muscle-­‐specific ‘myomirs’ contribute to the regulation of muscle phenotype and gene expression. In this thesis, the role of these miRNAs was investigated in the quadriceps of COPD patients; miR-­‐1 and miR-­‐499 were reduced in patients compared to controls. Low levels of miR-­‐1 were associated with a low fat-­‐free mass index (FFMI), while the reduction in miR-­‐499 mirrored loss of type-­‐1 fibres. Upstream regulators of miR-­‐1 and miR-­‐499, e.g. serum response factor (SRF), were also lower in patients relative to controls, whereas the downstream target of miR-­‐1, HDAC4 was increased. A miRNA gene expression array also identified reduced expression of stem cell-­‐associated miRNAs, derived from a miRNA cluster on chromosome 19 (C19MC), in COPD patients with a low FFMI; these patients also had fewer regenerating fibres, consistent with a loss of muscle mass. Together, these data imply that muscle atrophy in COPD is associated with altered miRNA expression and a reduced regenerative capacity.
pathfinder: A Semantic Framework for Literature Review and Knowledge Discovery in Astronomy
Creators: name: Iyer, Kartheik G.
name: Yunus, Mikaeel
name: O'Neill, Charles
name: Ye, Christine
name: Hyk, Alina
name: McCormick, Kiera
name: Ciuca, Ioana
name: Wu, John F.
name: Accomazzi, Alberto
name: Astarita, Simone
name: Chakrabarty, Rishabh
name: Cranney, Jesse
name: Field, Anjalie
name: Ghosal, Tirthankar
name: Ginolfi, Michele
name: Huertas-Company, Marc
name: Jablonska, Maja
name: Kruk, Sandor
name: Liu, Huiling
name: Marchidan, Gabriel
name: Mistry, Rohit
name: Naiman, J. P.
name: Peek, J. E. G.
name: Polimera, Mugdha
name: Rodriguez, Sergio J.
name: Schawinski, Kevin
name: Sharma, Sanjib
name: Smith, Michael J.
name: Ting, Yuan-Sen
name: Walmsley, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The exponential growth of astronomical literature poses significant challenges for researchers navigating and synthesizing general insights or even domain-specific knowledge. We present Pathfinder, a machine learning framework designed to enable literature review and knowledge discovery in astronomy, focusing on semantic searching with natural language instead of syntactic searches with keywords. Utilizing state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs) and a corpus of 350,000 peer-reviewed papers from the Astrophysics Data System (ADS), Pathfinder offers an innovative approach to scientific inquiry and literature exploration. Our framework couples advanced retrieval techniques with LLM-based synthesis to search astronomical literature by semantic context as a complement to currently existing methods that use keywords or citation graphs. It addresses complexities of jargon, named entities, and temporal aspects through time-based and citation-based weighting schemes. We demonstrate the tool's versatility through case studies, showcasing its application in various research scenarios. The system's performance is evaluated using custom benchmarks, including single-paper and multi-paper tasks. Beyond literature review, Pathfinder offers unique capabilities for reformatting answers in ways that are accessible to various audiences (e.g. in a different language or as simplified text), visualizing research landscapes, and tracking the impact of observatories and methodologies. This tool represents a significant advancement in applying AI to astronomical research, aiding researchers at all career stages in navigating modern astronomy literature.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, submitted to AAS jorunals. Comments are welcome, and the tools mentioned are available online at https://pfdr.app
Mergus merganser Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Mergus
Mergus merganser

description: Mergus merganser [spec. nov.]
M. crista dependente, capite nigro-caerulescente, collari albo. It. gottl. 166. ael. 49. Fn. svec. 113.
Merganser. Gesn. av. 134. Aldr. orn. l. 19. c. 63. Will. orn. 253. t. 64. Raj. av. 134. Mars. danub. 78. t. 37.
Mergus major, pectore rubro. Alb. av. 1. p. 83. t. 87. & 2. p. 90. t. 101. Edw. av. 95. t. 95.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 129, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Role of TRAF6 and TAK1 in rhinovirus induced chemokine gene expression and airway neutrophilia in vitro and in vivo
Creators: name: Haas, Jennifer Jane
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Virus induced asthma exacerbations are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality and the means by wh ich rhinoviruses exacerbate asthma is poorly understood. Rhinovirus infection, produces an immediate innate anti-vira l response dominated by type I interferon and type Ill interferon and an inflammatory response including airway neutrophilia . Interferon induction is conside red beneficial and is defect ive in asthmat ics. Meanwhile, neutrophil inflammation correlates w ith symptoms, suggesting neutrophils contribute to pathology. Current data suggests inflammat ion in asthma is mediated at least in part by NF-KB activat ion, a novel therapeutic target for asthma exacerbations. A caveat to this idea is that NF-KB signa lling may a lso be required for interferon product ion. Therefore, establishing wh ich signa lling pathways lead to inflammation yet are dispensa ble for interferon induction may uncover novel therapeutic targets for asthma exace rbations. Here we investigated the role of TAKl and TRAF6,during rhinovirus infection both in vitro and in vivo. Using small interfering siRNA, over expression studies and a TAKl inhibitor (LL-Z-1640-2) we found that TAKl and TRAF6 were required for neutroph il chemok ine mRNA express ion but not interferon . TAKl's role during RV- B infection in vivo was investigated using a mouse model of rhinovirus infection and administration of LL-Z-1640-2, wh ich inhibited RV induced airway neutroph ilia while simultaneous ly augmenting RV induced pro-inflammatory cytokines, prompting us to question its specificity and efficacy in vivo. We a lso investigated TAKl and TRAF6 express ion in HBECs cultured ex vivo from asthmat ic patient's bronchia l brushings and found no significant increase in TAKl or TRAF6 expression, and no correlatat ion w ith various clinica l outcomes. In summa ry, this is the first study investigating the role of TAKl and TRAF6 in RV induced responses in vitro and in vivo and these findings indicate that targeting TAK1/TRAF6 to treat virus induced asthma exace rbations may be an effective approach by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine/neutrophilic inflammatiion, wh ille preserving interferon responses.
The outer-halo globular cluster NGC 6229. III. Deep CCD photometry
Creators: name: Borissova, J.
name: Catelan, M.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Spassova, N.
name: Buonanno, R.
name: Iannicola, G.
name: Richtler, T.
name: Sweigart, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep BV photometry for a large field covering the outer-halo globular cluster NGC 6229 is presented. For the first time, a colour-magnitude diagram (CMD) reaching below the main sequence turnoff has been obtained for this cluster. Previous results regarding the overall morphology of the horizontal and giant branches are confirmed. In addition, nine possible extreme horizontal-branch stars have been identified in our deep images, as well as thirty-three candidate blue stragglers. We also find the latter to be more centrally concentrated than subgiant branch stars covering the same range in V magnitude. A comparison of the cluster CMD with the M5 (NGC 5904) ridgeline from Sandquist et al. (1996) reveals that: i) NGC 6229 and M5 have essentially identical metallicities; ii) NGC 6229 and M5 have the same ages within the errors in spite of their different horizontal-branch morphologies.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. Final version, to appear in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional file 1: of A qualitative evaluation of hospital versus community-based management of patients on injectable treatments for tuberculosis
Creators: name: D. Cohen
name: M. Phiri
name: H. Banda
name: S. Squire
name: I. Namakhoma
name: N. Desmond
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: TB-RROC topic guides. (DOCX 101 kb)
Bell correlations at finite temperature
Creators: name: Fadel, Matteo
name: Tura, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that spin systems with infinite-range interactions can violate at thermal equilibrium a multipartite Bell inequality, up to a finite critical temperature $T_c$. Our framework can be applied to a wide class of spin systems and Bell inequalities, to study whether nonlocality occurs naturally in quantum many-body systems close to the ground state. Moreover, we also show that the low-energy spectrum of the Bell operator associated to such systems can be well approximated by the one of a quantum harmonic oscillator, and that spin-squeezed states are optimal in displaying Bell correlations for such Bell inequalities.
description: 9 pages (7 + Appendix), 2 figures. Version accepted for publication in Quantum
title: ADCO, Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00001
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00001, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00001, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
On the equivalence between an Onofri-type inequality by Del Pino-Dolbeault and the sharp logarithmic Moser-Trudinger inequality
Creators: name: Borgia, Natalino
name: Cingolani, Silvia
name: Mancini, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26D10, 46E30, 46E35, 58E35, 35J92

description: In this paper we consider the $N$-dimensional Euclidean Onofri inequality proved by del Pino and Dolbeault for smooth compactly supported functions in $\mathbb{R}^N$, $N \geq 2$. We extend the inequality to a suitable weighted Sobolev space, although no clear connection with standard Sobolev spaces on $\mathbb{S}^N$ through stereographic projection is present, except for the planar case. Moreover, in any dimension $N \geq 2$, we show that the Euclidean Onofri inequality is equivalent to the logarithmic Moser-Trudinger inequality with sharp constant proved by Carleson and Chang for balls in $\mathbb{R}^N$.
Evaluation of endogenous progenitor cells as vehicles or targets for airway disease therapy
Creators: name: Leoni, Giulia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Cell-based therapy may provide a novel therapeutic option for treating lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF). Current preclinical studies have had limited success, but have highlighted that cell source and delivery methods may be important variables. The aim of this thesis was to develop a new model for assessment of cell-based treatment strategies for airway disease. I hypothesised (a) that cell engraftment may be enhanced if transplanted cells are directly applied to the airways (topical administration), (b) that prolonged contact time between transplanted cells and the epithelial surface may enhance engraftment and (c) that endogenous lung stem/progenitor cells, and in particular a population of airway basal cells (BCs), may be more likely to engraft than stem/progenitor cells from other tissues, since these cells are already programmed to differentiate into adult respiratory cells. In addition, I assessed if gene transfer into airway BCs is feasible in vivo and ex vivo with the aim of establishing proof-of-concept for the correction of a genetic defect. The results presented in this thesis indicate that the use of the murine nose as a target for cell therapy does not provide any substantial advantage in terms of cell engraftment compared with the more traditional mouse lung models. However, proof-of-principle of cell engraftment was demonstrated, albeit at low efficiency. Attempts to prolong contact time between the transplanted cells and the airways through application of tissue glue did not improve engraftment in mice. I also demonstrated that ex vivo and, importantly, in vivo transduction of BCs with a lentiviral vector is feasible, which may be relevant for the treatment of genetic defects such as CF. I suggest that further assessment of the strategies described in this thesis using larger animal models will be essential to overcome technical limitations encountered in the murine model, before firm conclusions about the potential of cell-therapy approaches for airway disease can be made.
MOESM1 of Nutrient consumption and associated factors among school age children in Dewa Chefe District, northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Endris Seid
name: Lemma Derseh
name: Terefe Derso
name: Mekonnen Assefa
name: Kedir Gonete
name: Amare Tariku
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionaire.
Mergus serrator Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Mergus
Mergus serrator

description: Mergus serrator [spec. nov.]
M. crista dependente, capite nigro maculis ferrugineis. Fn. svec. 114. It. gotl. 271.
Anas longirostra. Gesn. av. 133. Aldr. orn. l. 19. c. 60.
Mergus cirrhatus fuscus. Will. orn. 255. t. 64. Raj. av. 135.
Habitat in Europa.
Hujus methodus piscandi habetur in Actis Stockh. 1749. p. 190; rubro allicitur.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 129, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Cuscuton kinks and branes
Creators: name: Andrade, I.
name: Marques, M. A.
name: Menezes, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study a peculiar model for the scalar field. We add the cuscuton term in a standard model and investigate how this inclusion modifies the usual behavior of kinks. We find the first order equations and calculate the energy density and the total energy of the system. Also, we investigate the linear stability of the model, which is governed by a Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue equation that can be transformed in an equation of the Shcrödinger type. The model is also investigated in the braneworld scenario, where a first order formalism is also obtained and the linear stability is investigated.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures; content added; to appear in NPB
A Multi-dimensional Code for Isothermal Magnetohydrodynamic Flows in Astrophysics
Creators: name: Kim, Jongsoo
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Jones, T. W.
name: Hong, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-dimensional numerical code to solve isothermal magnetohydrodynamic (IMHD) equations for use in modeling astrophysical flows. First, we have built a one-dimensional code which is based on an explicit finite-difference method on an Eulerian grid, called the total variation diminishing (TVD) scheme. Recipes for building the one-dimensional IMHD code, including the normalized right and left eigenvectors of the IMHD Jacobian matrix, are presented. Then, we have extended the one-dimensional code to a multi-dimensional IMHD code through a Strang-type dimensional splitting. In the multi-dimensional code, an explicit cleaning step has been included to eliminate non-zero $\nabla\cdot B$ at every time step. To estimate the proformance of the code, one- and two-dimensional IMHD shock tube tests, and the decay test of a two-dimensional Alfvén wave have been done. As an example of astrophysical applications, we have simulated the nonlinear evolution of the two-dimensional Parker instability under a uniform gravity.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, using aaspp4.sty, 22 text pages with 10 figures
title: ADCO, Privilèges de l'Ordre de Cîteaux en matière de succession (Fin XVe siècle), Cart. 176 (11 H 8), f. 0084
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2017
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: cartulaire
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Privilèges de l'Ordre de Cîteaux en matière de succession (Fin XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 176 (11 H 8), f. 0084, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Privilèges de l'Ordre de Cîteaux en matière de succession (Fin XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 176 (11 H 8), f. 0084, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Non-maximizing policies that fulfill multi-criterion aspirations in expectation
Creators: name: Dima, Simon
name: Fischer, Simon
name: Heitzig, Jobst
name: Oliver, Joss
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.2.8; F.2.2
subject: 68T20, 90C40, 91B06

description: In dynamic programming and reinforcement learning, the policy for the sequential decision making of an agent in a stochastic environment is usually determined by expressing the goal as a scalar reward function and seeking a policy that maximizes the expected total reward. However, many goals that humans care about naturally concern multiple aspects of the world, and it may not be obvious how to condense those into a single reward function. Furthermore, maximization suffers from specification gaming, where the obtained policy achieves a high expected total reward in an unintended way, often taking extreme or nonsensical actions.
 Here we consider finite acyclic Markov Decision Processes with multiple distinct evaluation metrics, which do not necessarily represent quantities that the user wants to be maximized. We assume the task of the agent is to ensure that the vector of expected totals of the evaluation metrics falls into some given convex set, called the aspiration set. Our algorithm guarantees that this task is fulfilled by using simplices to approximate feasibility sets and propagate aspirations forward while ensuring they remain feasible. It has complexity linear in the number of possible state-action-successor triples and polynomial in the number of evaluation metrics. Moreover, the explicitly non-maximizing nature of the chosen policy and goals yields additional degrees of freedom, which can be used to apply heuristic safety criteria to the choice of actions. We discuss several such safety criteria that aim to steer the agent towards more conservative behavior.
description: 15 pages main text + 4 pages supplement. Slightly corrected version (corrections in blue in Eq. 11)
Acoustic Deformation Potentials of $n$-Type PbTe from First Principles
Creators: name: Murphy, Aoife R.
name: Murphy-Armando, Felipe
name: Fahy, Stephen
name: Savic, Ivana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the uniaxial and dilatation acoustic deformation potentials, $Ξ^{\text{L}}_{u}$ and $Ξ^{\text{L}}_{d}$, of the conduction band L valleys of PbTe from first principles, using the local density approximation (LDA) and hybrid functional (HSE03) exchange-correlation functionals. We find that the choice of a functional does not substantially affect the effective band masses and deformation potentials as long as a physically correct representation of the conduction band states near the band gap has been obtained. Fitting of the electron-phonon matrix elements obtained in density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) with the LDA excluding spin orbit interaction (SOI) gives $Ξ^{\text{L}}_u = 7.0$~eV and $Ξ^{\text{L}}_d = 0.4$~eV. Computing the relative shifts of the L valleys induced by strain with the HSE03 functional including SOI gives $Ξ^{\text{L}}_u = 5.5$~eV and $Ξ^{\text{L}}_d = 0.8$~eV, in good agreement with the DFPT values. Our calculated values of $Ξ^{\text{L}}_u$ agree fairly well with experiment ($\sim 3-4.5$~eV). The computed values of $Ξ^{\text{L}}_d$ are substantially smaller than those obtained by fitting electronic transport measurements ($\sim 17-22$~eV), indicating that intravalley acoustic phonon scattering in PbTe is much weaker than previously thought.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
The Post-Merger Elliptical NGC 1700: Stellar Kinematic Fields to Four Effective Radii
Creators: name: Statler, Thomas S.
name: Smecker-Hane, Tammy
name: Cecil, Gerald N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the stellar motions in the elliptical galaxy NGC 1700 along four position angles, to very large radii, using absorption features in spectra obtained with the Multiple Mirror Telescope. Our data extend the coverage of the stellar velocity field by a factor of 5 (2.5 times further in radius and twice as many PAs) beyond previous work. We have attained 10 km/s accuracy in the mean velocity out to nearly 2 effective radii (r_e), and errors are < 15% of the maximum rotation speed out to nearly 3 r_e. The lack of detectable minor-axis rotation and the nearly identical kinematics on the +/- 45 degree PAs suggest that NGC 1700 is nearly oblate for r < 2.5 r_e. Beyond this radius, twisting of the morphological and kinematic axes indicate increasing triaxiality, an intrinsic twist, or both. The velocity distribution in the low-amplitude counterrotating core is weakly skewed in the direction of rotation, arguing against a central stellar disk. The small skewness and the depression of the central velocity dispersion are consistent with the accretion of a low-mass stellar companion in a retrograde orbit. Photometric fine structure at large radii (Schweizer \& Seitzer 1992) is also indicative of a merger; a velocity reversal 50 arcsec northeast suggests a major event. However, radially increasing prograde rotation in the main body of the galaxy implies that this was not the same event responsible for the counterrotating core. The strong rotation at large R and the nearly oblate shape are consistent with N-body simulations of group mergers (Weil 1995); that all disturbances inside 2.5 r_e have phase-mixed out suggests that NGC 1700 owes its present form to a merger of 3 or more stellar systems 2 to 4 h^-1 Gyr ago.
description: To appear in Astron. J., March 1996. 33 pages, uuencoded gzipped Postscript, figures included. Also available from http://www.phy.ohiou.edu/~tss/preprints.html
Continuous-time random walk between Lévy-spaced targets in the real line
Creators: name: Bianchi, Alessandra
name: Lenci, Marco
name: Pène, Françoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G50, 60F05 (Primary) 82C41, 60G55, 60F17 (Secondary)

description: We consider a continuous-time random walk which is defined as an interpolation of a random walk on a point process on the real line. The distances between neighboring points of the point process are i.i.d. random variables in the normal domain of attraction of an $α$-stable distribution with $0 < α< 1$. This is therefore an example of a random walk in a Lévy random medium. Specifically, it is a generalization of a process known in the physical literature as Lévy-Lorentz gas. We prove that the annealed version of the process is superdiffusive with scaling exponent $1/(α+ 1)$ and identify the limiting process, which is not càdlàg. The proofs are based on the technique of Kesten and Spitzer for random walks in random scenery.
description: Final version to be published in Stochastic Processes and their Applications. 27 pages
MORCoRA: Multi-Objective Refactoring Recommendation Considering Review Availability
Creators: name: Chen, Lei
name: Hayashi, Shinpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Search-based refactoring involves searching for a sequence of refactorings to achieve specific objectives. Although a typical objective is improving code quality, a different perspective is also required; the searched sequence must undergo review before being applied and may not be applied if the review fails or is postponed due to no proper reviewers. Aim: Therefore, it is essential to ensure that the searched sequence of refactorings can be reviewed promptly by reviewers who meet two criteria: 1) having enough expertise and 2) being free of heavy workload. The two criteria are regarded as the review availability of the refactoring sequence. Method: We propose MORCoRA, a multi-objective search-based technique that can search for code quality improvable, semantic preserved, and high review availability possessed refactoring sequences and corresponding proper reviewers. Results: We evaluate MORCoRA on six open-source repositories. The quantitative analysis reveals that MORCoRA can effectively recommend refactoring sequences that fit the requirements. The qualitative analysis demonstrates that the refactorings recommended by MORCoRA can enhance code quality and effectively address code smells. Furthermore, the recommended reviewers for those refactorings possess high expertise and are available to review. Conclusions: We recommend that refactoring recommenders consider both the impact on quality improvement and the developer resources required for review when recommending refactorings.
description: Preprint of an article accepted to be published in International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, (C) 2024 World Scientific Publishing Company, https://www.worldscientific.com/worldscinet/ijseke
The Radio Galaxy 3C265 Contains a Hidden Quasar Nucleus
Creators: name: Dey, Arjun
name: Spinrad, Hyron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of broad MgII emission from the high redshift radio galaxy 3C265 (z=0.81). We detect the broad line in the nuclear spectrum and in the spatially extended galaxian component, both near the nucleus and in the spectrum of an off-nuclear knot located 31 kpc south east of the nucleus of the galaxy. These data provide strong support for the simplest form of the unification hypothesis, that radio galaxies are quasars whose optical radiation is directed in the plane of the sky rather than into our line of sight. These data also strongly support the scattering model for the alignment of the UV continuum emission with the radio axis. In 3C265, if the axis of the anisotropically emitted UV continuum radiation is identified with the major axis of the radio source, then the observed rest frame UV continuum emission implies that the opening angle of the radiation cone is large (half angle approximately 45 degrees). We also derive a mass estimate of 8x10^{10} Msun for the central region of 3C265 from its rotation curve. The implied mass-to-light ratio is low (M/L is roughly 2), and suggests that a significant fraction of the rest frame UV continuum emission from this galaxy is dominated by reprocessed radiation from the buried AGN. Finally, we detect the CaII\lambda3933 K line in absorption in the integrated spectrum of 3C265. This provides direct spectroscopic evidence for the existence of stars in a high redshift radio galaxy.
description: 26 pages (including figures) in gzip-ed uuencoded compressed postscript format. Accepted for publication in ApJ, March 1, 1996 issue
Evaluation of CD8+ T cell responses towards conserved HIV-1 epitopes in naturally infected and vaccinated individuals
Creators: name: Ashraf, Ambreen
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is a global public health priority. An effective HIV-1 vaccine strategy must overcome the enormous genetic diversity generated by the virus while inducing potent, long lasting immune responses. In this thesis, virus-specific cellular immune responses directed towards HIV conserved regions were evaluated using a validated IFN-γ enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay and two sets of peptide panels based upon HIV-1 vaccine candidates. One panel was based on the 14 of the most highly conserved (HIVconsv – 806 amino acids) regions of the HIV-1 proteome and was designed to provide extensive coverage of subtypes A, B, C and D. The second panel represents Gag, Reverse Transcriptase (RT), Integrase (INT), Nef and Envelope sequences derived from a consensus subtype A reference (GRIN/Env). The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of T cell responses to HIV-1 epitopes elicited at different stages of HIV-1 infection and in vaccinees. Individuals infected with HIV-1 subtypes (A, B, C and D) from the UK, Rwanda, Uganda, and Zambia representing a wide range of genetic backgrounds were tested using a HIVconsv peptide matrix and GRIN pools. CD8 responses were identified across Gag, RT and INT and there was no apparent subtype specific bias in terms of recognition of both peptide panels (HIVconsv and GRIN/Env). GRIN appeared to be more antigenic because GRIN incorporated both conserved and variable epitopes compared to HIVconsv panel that only comprised conserved peptide sequences. Furthermore, there was no association between IFN-γ T cell responses and control of viraemia in early infection between viraemic controllers (VC) and viraemic progressors (VP). However, VC appeared to be slightly more polyfunctional than VP. Viral inhibition assay (VIA) employed to assess the vaccine specific responses demonstrated that conserved regions of the HIV-1 proteome could result in an increased ability to inhibit a panel of HIV-1 isolates in vitro. Although detection of a CD8+ T cell response against a particular epitope does not necessarily translate to protection, the conserved nature of HIV-1 epitopes suggests that these domains are immunogenic and might be important for viral function. Thus, these data support the inclusion of conserved sequences in any future vaccine candidate.
Neuroadaptive bayesian optimization – Implications for the cognitive sciences
Creators: name: Lorenz, Romy
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Cognitive neuroscientists are often interested in broad research questions, yet use overly narrow experimental designs by considering only a small subset of possible experimental conditions. This limits the generalizability and reproducibility of many research findings. In this thesis, I propose, validate and apply an alternative approach that resolves these problems by building upon neuroadaptive experimental paradigms, and combines real-time analysis of functional neuroimaging (fMRI) data with a branch of machine learning, Bayesian optimization. Neuroadaptive Bayesian optimization is a powerful strategy to efficiently explore more experimental conditions than is currently possible with standard methodology. In the first study (Chapter 3), I demonstrate the validity of the approach in a proof-of-principle study involving audio-visual stimuli with varying perceptual complexity. In a subsequent study (Chapter 4), I test the generalizability of the framework to paradigms with lower effect sizes and investigate how automatic stopping criteria could further boost the efficiency of the approach. This is followed by three studies in which I apply neuroadaptive Bayesian optimization to tackle different research questions within the cognitive neurosciences. In the first application study (Chapter 5), I employ the approach to identify the exact cognitive task conditions that optimally dissociate between two frontoparietal brain networks. For the second application (Chapter 6), I use neuroadaptive Bayesian optimization in a study involving non-invasive brain stimulation in order to find the stimulation parameters that elicit optimal network coupling in a frontoparietal network. In the third application study (Chapter 7), I show how adaptive Bayesian optimization can be used beyond the field of cognitive neuroimaging; I investigate the phenomenon of phosphene perception caused by non-invasive brain stimulation by optimizing based on preference ratings given by the participants. As a whole, this thesis provides evidence that neuroadaptive Bayesian optimization can be used to formulate new and exciting research questions within cognitive neuroscience. I argue that the approach could broaden the hypotheses considered in cognitive neuroscience, thereby improving the generalizability of findings. In addition, Bayesian optimization can be combined with preregistration to cover exploration, mitigating researcher bias more broadly and improving reproducibility.
The Imprint of Galaxy Formation on X-ray Clusters
Creators: name: Ponman, T. J.
name: Cannon, D. B.
name: Navarro, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely believed that structure in the Universe evolves hierarchically, as primordial density fluctuations, amplified by gravity, collapse and merge to form progressively larger systems. The structure and evolution of X-ray clusters, however, seems at odds with this hierarchical scenario for structure formation. Poor clusters and groups, as well as most distant clusters detected to date, are substantially fainter than expected from the tight relations between luminosity, temperature and redshift predicted by these models. Here we show that these discrepancies arise because, near the centre, the entropy of the hot, diffuse intracluster medium (ICM) is higher tha$ achievable through gravitational collapse, indicating substantial non-gravitational heating of the ICM. We estimate this excess entropy for the first time, and argue that it represents a relic of the energetic winds through which forming galaxies polluted the ICM with metals. Energetically, this is onl$ possible if the ICM is heated at modest redshift ($z \ltsim 2$) but prior to cluster collapse, indicating that the formation of galaxies precedes that of clusters and that most clusters have been assembled very recently.
description: 5 pages, plus 2 postscript figures (one in colour), accepted for publication in Nature
Spectrally-accurate numerical method for acoustic scattering from doubly-periodic 3D multilayered media
Creators: name: Cho, Min Hyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65Z05, 65R20

description: A periodizing scheme and the method of fundamental solutions are used to solve acoustic wave scattering from doubly-periodic three-dimensional multilayered media. A scattered wave in a unit cell is represented by the sum of the near and distant contribution. The near contribution uses the free-space Green's function and its eight immediate neighbors. The contribution from the distant sources is expressed using proxy source points over a sphere surrounding the unit cell and its neighbors. The Rayleigh-Bloch radiation condition is applied to the top and bottom layers. Extra unknowns produced by the periodizing scheme in the linear system are eliminated using a Schur complement. The proposed numerical method avoids using singular quadratures and the quasi-periodic Green's function or complicated lattice sum techniques. Therefore, the proposed scheme is robust at all scattering parameters including Wood anomalies. The algorithm is also applicable to electromagnetic problems by using the dyadic Green's function. Numerical examples with 10-digit accuracy are provided. Finally, reflection and transmission spectra are computed over a wide range of incident angles for device characterization.
Distribución de las especies de la familia Lymexilidae (Coleoptera) en el Perú
Creators: name: Landa, Erick Yabar
name: Navarrete, Abdhiel Arnaldo Bustamante
name: Marquina-Montesinos, Edgar Luis
name: Araseli Elme-Tumpay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60899 Zoology not elsewhere classified

description: Atractocerus brasiliensis (Coleoptera: Lymexylidae) is a species widely distributed in the Americas but only prior registration in Peru, this contribution includes a second register to Lymexylidae from the country, delivering data on the biology, hosts and symbiosis known in the Neotropics. The information of the other two species of Lymexylidae recorded in Peru is synthesized, including the current distribution.
Atractocerus brasiliensis (Coleoptera: Lymexylidae) es una especie de amplia distribución en el continente americano pero con solo un registro previo en el Perú, la presente contribución incorpora un segundo registro a la fauna de Lymexylidae del país, entregando datos sobre la biología, hospederos y simbiosis conocidas en el Neotropico. Se sintetiza también la información referida a las otras dos especies de Lymexylidae citadas para Perú, incluyendo la distribución actual.
An investigation of groundwater drought in the chalk of South-East England
Creators: name: Nubert, Stefan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The South-East England Chalk aquifer is arguably the most significant groundwater resource in the UK. The South-East has experienced mean temperature increases of 1.0-1.7 °C since 1961, but negligible change in precipitation. The impact of this temperature change on groundwater levels is not well understood. Two of the longest groundwater records in the world are located on the Chichester Chalk Block. The Chilgrove record from the Lavant catchment dates from 1836, and the nearby Compton record dates from 1892. These records provide an unprecedented opportunity to investigate long-term trends in groundwater levels. A broad range of statistical analyses have been applied to the Chilgrove and Compton records, which indicate that annual groundwater minima approximately conform to a normal distribution and can be used as a surrogate drought indicator. The records have shown a trend of increasing severity and frequency of minima since the early 1970s. Hydrometric data for the catchment shows a consistency with UK-wide trends of increasing temperatures and potential evapotranspiration, along with increases in winter and decreases in summer precipitation. Corresponding changes in seasonal recharge have resulted in cyclic behaviour and extreme events often providing a trigger for transition between periods of high, normal and low recharge. The Lavant Conceptual Model (LCM) has been developed for modelling groundwater levels and streamflows, and has been calibrated against historic catchment records. The model is shown to closely reproduce the historic groundwater trends. A Soil Moisture Accounting Procedure (SMAP) based on solving Richards' equation has been coupled to the LCM to create a second model that performs more accurately in drought conditions. Applying UKCP09 Weather Generator emission scenario data to the LCM has indicated that projected minima will demonstrate large amounts of variability, similar to that observed in the historic data, and that distinct future trends are difficult to identify.
Paper Presentation: Bias against the Rohingya Genocide- A Corpus-based Comparison
Creators: name: Shubha, Naywaz Sharif
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Corpus Linguistics, Corpus Analysis, Rohingya Genocide, Newspaper Bias
subject: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistics
subject: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_linguistics
subject: https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/corpus-analysis/47997

description: The above-titled research paper has been presented in the ‘DU LPR Virtual Symposium on the
 Rohingya Refugee Crisis (2021): National and International Challenges’ which took place on
 21 June 2021. The primary version of the paper had been reviewed and then accepted on the
 occasion. Before the acceptance of the paper, even the primary version of the paper had gone
 for plagiarism checks and grammatical correction. In this paper, I discovered how in the
 language of the news media- there could exist such an array of variance on a specific topic,
 which gives an erroneous demonstration and even misleading readings. As a linguist, I
 approached the issue of misrepresentation of the Rohingya Genocide with the help of
 computational research tools such as corpus programs and newspaper databases to prove the
 points. This can be considered as an early research output, which is being prepared for
 publication in reputed corpus research journals.
description: A Primary Version of the Paper has been first presented at the Symposium, which is not yet sent to any journals and publishers
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