cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
This research article examines the effectiveness of airline loyalty programs and their impact on revenue. Through a survey with 266 responses, the study provides insights into customer perceptions, program usage, and their influence on customer retention. The findings highlight factors that motivate customers to join loyalty programs, preferred benefits and rewards, and the impact on customer retention and travel frequency. Different programs offer varying value and complexity. This research benefits both airlines and customers. Airlines can improve their loyalty programs based on these insights, meeting customer expectations. Travelers can make informed decisions when choosing an airline loyalty program. Overall, this study enhances understanding of the effectiveness of airline loyalty programs and their revenue implications.
Creators: name: Owne, Zeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Transportation, logistics and supply chains not elsewhere classified
Impacts of tourism
Tourism forecasting
Tourism management
Tourism marketing
Tourist behaviour and visitor experience

description: This research article examines the effectiveness of airline loyalty programs and their impact on revenue. Through a survey with 266 responses, the study provides insights into customer perceptions, program usage, and their influence on customer retention.
 The findings highlight factors that motivate customers to join loyalty programs, preferred benefits and rewards, and the impact on customer retention and travel frequency. Different programs offer varying value and complexity. This research benefits both airlines and customers. Airlines can improve their loyalty programs based on these insights, meeting customer expectations. Travelers can make informed decisions when choosing an airline loyalty program. Overall, this study enhances understanding of the effectiveness of airline loyalty programs and their revenue implications.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of urogenital, anal, and pharyngeal infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium: a cross-sectional study in Reunion island
Creators: name: A. Calas
name: N. Zemali
name: G. Camuset
name: J. Jaubert
name: R. Manaquin
name: C. Saint-Pastou
name: Y. Koumar
name: P. Poubeau
name: P. Gerardin
name: Bertolotti, A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Cosmic-ray electron injection from the ionization of nuclei
Creators: name: Morlino, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the secondary electrons ejected from the ionization of heavy ions can be injected into the acceleration process that occurs at supernova remnant shocks. This electron injection mechanism works since ions are ionized during the acceleration when they move already with relativistic speed, just like ejected electrons do. Using the abundances of heavy nuclei measured in cosmic rays at Earth, we estimate the electron/proton ratio at the source to be ~10^-4, big enough to account for the nonthermal synchrotron emission observed in young SNRs. We also show that the ionization process can limit the maximum energy that heavy ions can reach.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Thomas Hardy's use of regionalism in his novels.
Creators: name: Bergbusch, Martin Luther T.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study was prompted by the belief that the importance of the regionalism in Thomas Hardy's novels has been overlooked by recent critics and that no comprehensive study of the effect of regionalism on his novels has been made. A main purpose of this thesis is to examine Hardy's method of adapting his region to his universal themes. The second chapter illustrates Hardy's connection with Wessex and the influence of the region upon Hardy's conception of the novel, his style, his range as a writer, his temperament, and his philosophy. The third chapter considers his themes, and, concluding that they are mainly universal in nature, studies his method of giving universality to his setting and characters. It also contains an examination of Hardy's only regional theme - the agricultural theme. The fourth chapter considers the relationship between universal causes and regional causes in the plots of the Wessex novels and concludes that Hardy is a true regional writer, not only because his characters depend for their living upon the region, but also because many of his plots turn around regional characteristics. A study of the three classes of characters - the outsiders, the major regional characters, and the rustics - in relation to the region and the universe completes this consideration of Hardy's use of his region in his novels.
Vacuum energy of two-dimensional N=(2,2) super Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Kanamori, Issaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the vacuum energy of two-dimensional N=(2,2) super Yang-Mills theory using lattice simulation. The obtained vacuum energy density is E_0=0.09(9)(+10-8) g^2, where the first error is the systematic and the second is the statistical one, measured in the dimensionful gauge coupling g which governs the scale of the system. The result is consistent with unbroken supersymmetry, although we cannot exclude a possible very small non-zero vacuum energy.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures; v2, a reference added, typos corrected; v3, discussion on treatment of Pfaffian is extended (3 figures added), explanation on treatment of the scalar mass is improved, introduction is extended, references are added. To appear PRD
CASE REPORT WHERE BIOREGULATORY MEDICINE IMPROVES CHRONICRENAL FAILURE AND MULTIPLE FAILURESUntitled Item
Creators: name: BERMUDEZ, OLGA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420899
subject: Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine not elsewhere classified

description: THIS SPECIFIC CASE BELONGS TO A SENIOR PERSON WITH MULTIPLE PATHOLOGIESPROBABLE ORIGIN OF OXIDATIVE STRESS THAT RESPONDED TO TREATMENT WITHBIOREGULATORY MEDICINE OR MBR, I WILL TRY TO COVER AT LEAST FOURT OF THEM.Oxidative stress (OS) is established as an unbalance between the production ofprooxidant substances and antioxidant defenses; this substances are produced invivo mainly by the mitochondrial respiratory chain during the oxidative metabolism ofenergetic substrate. ROS and RNS are considered important pathogenetic factors indifferent diseases like Hypothyroidism, CKD, DYSLIPIDEMIA, HYPERTENSIONTaking into account that proinflammatory processes and mitochondrial dysfunction havebeen related to the origin of these diseases and/or their deterioration, it is possible tounderstand why bioregulatory drugs such as Traumeel, Mucosa, Solidago, Berberis,Coenzyme, Ubichinon, Cerebrum and Pulsatilla have a beneficial impact.Collectively, these discoveries underscore the promising advantages of bioregulatorymedications for addressing Hypothyroidism, Hypertension, Heart Failure, CKD, and their linkedinflammatory reactions. With their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, alongwith mitochondrial function restoration, these drugs could notably contribute topreventing these conditions and curtailing associated complications. Furthermore, theymay mitigate adverse impacts resulting from pharmacological, surgical, dialysisinterventions, or transplants, alongside potential cost reductions.In conclusion, the absence of studies involving medications such as Mucosa,Spascupreel, Traumeel, Solidago, Coenzyme, Ubichinon, and Cerebrum in cases like theseaccentuates their potential uniqueness in addressing this specific pathologies. Thisdeparture from the norm provides an unprecedented platform for research and discovery
Additional file 2 of Non-SUMOylated CRMP2 decreases NaV1.7 currents via the endocytic proteins Numb, Nedd4-2 and Eps15
Creators: name: Gomez, Kimberly
name: Dongzhi Ran
name: Madura, Cynthia L.
name: Moutal, Aubin
name: Khanna, Rajesh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Raw immunoblot of Numb, Nedd4-2 and Eps15 expression in male and female mice DRGs. Raw Western blots showing the expression of the endocytic proteins Numb, Nedd4-2 and Eps15 in lumbar DRG from male and female wildtype mice. βIII-tubulin served as a loading control.
Additional file 1 of An open label, randomised controlled trial of rifapentine versus rifampicin based short course regimens for the treatment of latent tuberculosis in England: the HALT LTBI pilot study
Creators: name: Surey, J.
name: H. R. Stagg
name: T. A. Yates
name: M. Lipman
name: P. J. White
name: A. Charlett
name: L. Muñoz
name: L. Gosce
name: M. X. Rangaka
name: M. Francis
name: V. Hack
name: H. Kunst
name: I. Abubakar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1: Dosing schedule. Appendix 2: Standardised questionnaire. Appendix 3: MARS™ Adherence Questionnaire. Appendix 4: Adverse events and discontinuation rules. Appendix 5: Comparison of self-reported adherence and isoniazid urine test. Appendix 6: Adverse events
Adaptation to hypoxia in Drosophila melanogaster requires autophagy
Creators: name: Valko, Ayelén
name: Perez-Pandolfo, Sebastián
name: Sorianello, Eleonora
name: Brech, Andreas
name: Wappner, Pablo
name: Melani, Mariana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Macroautophagy/autophagy, a mechanism of degradation of intracellular material required to sustain cellular homeostasis, is exacerbated under stress conditions like nutrient deprivation, protein aggregation, organelle senescence, pathogen invasion, and hypoxia, among others. Detailed in vivo description of autophagic responses triggered by hypoxia is limited. We have characterized the autophagic response induced by hypoxia in Drosophila melanogaster. We found that this process is essential for Drosophila adaptation and survival because larvae with impaired autophagy are hypersensitive to low oxygen levels. Hypoxia triggers a bona fide autophagic response, as evaluated by several autophagy markers including Atg8, LysoTracker, Lamp1, Pi3K59F/Vps34 activity, transcriptional induction of Atg genes, as well as by transmission electron microscopy. Autophagy occurs in waves of autophagosome formation and maturation as hypoxia exposure is prolonged. Hypoxia-triggered autophagy is induced cell autonomously, and different tissues are sensitive to hypoxic treatments. We found that hypoxia-induced autophagy depends on the basic autophagy machinery but not on the hypoxia master regulator sima/HIF1A. Overall, our studies lay the foundation for using D. melanogaster as a model system for studying autophagy under hypoxic conditions, which, in combination with the potency of genetic manipulations available in this organism, provides a platform for studying the involvement of autophagy in hypoxia-associated pathologies and developmentally regulated processes. Abbreviations: Atg: autophagy-related; FYVE: zinc finger domain from Fab1 (yeast ortholog of PIKfyve); GFP: green fluorescent protein; HIF: hypoxia-inducible factor; hsf: heat shock factor; Hx: hypoxia; mCh: mCherry; PtdIns: phosphatidylinositol; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; Rheb: Ras homolog enriched in brain; sima: similar; Stv: Starvation; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; Tor: target of rapamycin; UAS: upstream activating sequence; Vps: vacuolar protein sorting.
Additional file 2 of An open label, randomised controlled trial of rifapentine versus rifampicin based short course regimens for the treatment of latent tuberculosis in England: the HALT LTBI pilot study
Creators: name: Surey, J.
name: H. R. Stagg
name: T. A. Yates
name: M. Lipman
name: P. J. White
name: A. Charlett
name: L. Muñoz
name: L. Gosce
name: M. X. Rangaka
name: M. Francis
name: V. Hack
name: H. Kunst
name: I. Abubakar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2:. CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial
A Poincaré Inequality on Loop Spaces
Creators: name: Chen, Xin
name: Li, Xue-Mei
name: Wu, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate properties of measures in infinite dimensional spaces in terms of Poincaré inequalities. A Poincaré inequality states that the $L^2$ variance of an admissible function is controlled by the homogeneous $H^1$ norm. In the case of Loop spaces, it was observed by L. Gross that the homogeneous $H^1$ norm alone may not control the $L^2$ norm and a potential term involving the end value of the Brownian bridge is introduced. Aida, on the other hand, introduced a weight on the Dirichlet form. We show that Aida's modified Logarithmic Sobolev inequality implies weak Logarithmic Sobolev Inequalities and weak Poincaré inequalities with precise estimates on the order of convergence. The order of convergence in the weak Sobolev inequalities are related to weak $L^1$ estimates on the weight function. This and a relation between Logarithmic Sobolev inequalities and weak Poincaré inequalities lead to a Poincaré inequality on the loop space over certain manifolds.
Link Invariants for Flows in Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Garcia-Compean, Hugo
name: Santos-Silva, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linking numbers in higher dimensions and their generalization including gauge fields are studied in the context of BF theories. The linking numbers associated to $n$-manifolds with smooth flows generated by divergence-free p-vector fields, endowed with an invariant flow measure are computed in different cases. They constitute invariants of smooth dynamical systems (for non-singular flows) and generalizes previous results for the 3-dimensional case. In particular, they generalizes to higher dimensions the Arnold's asymptotic Hopf invariant for the three-dimensional case. This invariant is generalized by a twisting with a non-abelian gauge connection. The computation of the asymptotic Jones-Witten invariants for flows is naturally extended to dimension n=2p+1. Finally we give a possible interpretation and implementation of these issues in the context of string theory.
description: 21+1 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Hybrid quantum devices and quantum engineering
Creators: name: Wallquist, Margareta
name: Hammerer, Klemens
name: Rabl, Peter
name: Lukin, Mikhail
name: Zoller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss prospects of building hybrid quantum devices involving elements of atomic and molecular physics, quantum optics and solid state elements with the attempt to combine advantages of the respective systems in compatible experimental setups. In particular, we summarize our recent work on quantum hybrid devices and briefly discuss recent ideas for quantum networks. These include interfacing of molecular quantum memory with circuit QED, and using nanomechanical elements strongly coupled to qubits represented by electronic spins, as well as single atoms or atomic ensembles.
description: Proceedings of the Nobel symposium on Qu-bits for Quantum Information, Gothenburg 2009
Additional file 1 of Molecular cytogenetic characterization of a novel wheat–Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng T3DS-5NsL•5NsS and T5DL-3DS•3DL dual translocation line with powdery mildew resistance
Creators: name: Li, Jiachuang
name: Zhao, Li
name: Cheng, Xueni
name: Bai, Guihua
name: Li, Mao
name: Wu, Jun
name: Yang, Qunhui
name: Chen, Xinhong
name: Yang, Zujun
name: Zhao, Jixin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1 TR77-Molecular markers uncropped images.
Vertebral morphology in the tail-whipping common thresher shark, Alopias vulpinus
Creators: name: Knaub, Jamie
name: Passerotti, Michelle
name: Natanson, Lisa
name: Meredith, Tricia
name: Porter, Marianne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Microstructure
Micro-computed tomography
centra
mineralized cartilage

description: Thresher sharks (Alopias spp.) are characterized by an elongated, scythe-like caudal fin that is used in tail-whipping, a behavior where the tail is thrown overhead to stun prey. Tail-whipping is performed via extreme dorsoventral bending of the vertebral column and is dramatically different from lateral oscillatory motion used for swimming. Previous work has examined thresher shark vertebral morphology and mechanical properties but in the context of swimming loads. Our goal was to assess centra morphometrics and microarchitecture for variations that may support extreme dorsoventral bending. We examined anterior and posterior body vertebrae from an embryo, 5 juvenile, and 4 adult thresher sharks using micro-computed tomography. We used principal component and landmark analyses to examine variables influencing vertebral morphology and mineral arrangement, respectively. We found that morphology and microstructure significantly varied across body regions and ontogeny. We hypothesize that anterior body vertebrae increase stability, while posterior body vertebrae support the caudal fin. Vertebral size and quantity of mineral structures (lamellae and nodes) increased across ontogeny, suggesting vertebrae adapt over development to support a larger body and tail. Based on our results, we hypothesize that thresher shark vertebrae vary in morphometrics and mineralization (amount and arrangement) supporting the mechanical needs for tail-whipping.
description: Funding provided by: Florida Atlantic UniversityCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/05p8w6387Award Number:
Funding provided by: Tomography for Scientific Advancement*Crossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number:
Funding provided by: National Science FoundationCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/021nxhr62Award Number: IOS‐1941713
Exploiting the composite character of Rydberg atoms for cold atom trapping
Creators: name: Mayle, M.
name: Lesanovsky, I.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By investigating the quantum properties of magnetically trapped nS Rydberg atoms, it is demonstrated that the composite nature of Rydberg atoms significantly alters their trapping properties opposed to point-like particles with the same magnetic moment. We show how the specific signatures of the Rydberg trapping potential can be probed by means of ground state atoms that are off-resonantly coupled to the Rydberg state via a two photon laser transition. In addition, it is demonstrated how this approach provides new possibilities for generating traps for ground state atoms. Simulated time-of-flight pictures mirroring the experimental situation are provided.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Phase Space Matching and Finite Lifetime Effects for Top-Pair Production Close to Threshold
Creators: name: Hoang, Andre
name: Reisser, Christoph
name: Ruiz-Femenia, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The top-pair $t\bar t$ production cross section close to threshold in $e^+e^-$ collisions is strongly affected by the small lifetime of the top quark. Since the cross section is defined through final states containing the top decay products, a consistent definition of the cross section depends on prescriptions how these final states are accounted for the cross section. Experimentally, these prescriptions are implemented for example through cuts on kinematic quantities such as the reconstructed top quark invariant masses. As long as these cuts do not reject final states that can arise from the decay of a top and an anti-top quark with a small off-shellness compatible with the nonrelativistic power-counting, they can be implemented through imaginary phase space matching conditions in NRQCD. The prescription-dependent cross section can then be determined from the optical theorem using the $e^+e^-$ forward scattering amplitude. We compute the phase space matching conditions associated to cuts on the top and anti-top invariant masses at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) order and partially at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N${}^3$LL) order in the nonrelativistic expansion and, together with finite lifetime and electroweak effects known from previous work, analyze their numerical impact on the $t\bar t$ cross section. We show that the phase space matching contributions are essential to make reliable NRQCD predictions, particularly for energies below the peak region, where the cross section is small. We find that irreducible background contributions associated to final states that do not come from top decays are strongly suppressed and can be neglected for the theoretical predictions.
description: 62 pages, 21 figures
Erratum on "Hadamard spaces with isolated flats"
Creators: name: Hruska, G. Christopher
name: Kleiner, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F67, 20F69

description: The purpose of this erratum is to correct the proof of Theorem A.0.1 in the appendix to our article ``Hadamard spaces with isolated flats'' math.GR/0411232, which was jointly authored by Mohamad Hindawi, Hruska and Kleiner. In that appendix, many of the results of math.GR/0411232 about CAT(0) spaces with isolated flats are extended to a more general setting in which the isolated subspaces are not necessarily flats. However, one step of that extension does not follow from the argument we used the isolated flats setting. We provide a new proof that fills this gap. In addition, we give a more detailed account of several other parts of Theorem A.0.1, which were sketched in math.GR/0411232.
description: 9 pages. To appear in Geom. Topol
Additional file 1 of The effect of pay-for-performance program on infection events and mortality rate in diabetic patients: a nationwide population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Wu, Yi-Fang
name: Mei-Yen Chen
name: Tien-Hsing Chen
name: Po-Chang Wang
name: Yun-Shing Peng
name: Ming-Shyan Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Supplemental Table 1. ICD-9 CM diagnostic codes. Diagnosis is registered according to the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes.
Secular increase of the Astronomical Unit: a possible explanation in terms of the total angular momentum conservation law
Creators: name: Miura, Takaho
name: Arakida, Hideyoshi
name: Kasai, Masumi
name: Kuramata, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an idea and the order-of-magnitude estimations to explain the recently reported secular increase of the Astronomical Unit (AU) by Krasinsky and Brumberg (2004). The idea proposed is analogous to the tidal acceleration in the Earth-Moon system, which is based on the conservation of the total angular momentum and we apply this scenario to the Sun-planets system. Assuming the existence of some tidal interactions that transfer the rotational angular momentum of the Sun and using reported value of the positive secular trend in the astronomical unit, $\frac{d}{dt}{AU} = 15 \pm 4 {(m/cy)}$, the suggested change in the period of rotation of the Sun is about $21 {ms/cy}$ in the case that the orbits of the eight planets have the same "expansion rate." This value is sufficiently small, and at present it seems there are no observational data which exclude this possibility. Effects of the change in the Sun's moment of inertia is also investigated. It is pointed out that the change in the moment of inertia due to the radiative mass loss by the Sun may be responsible for the secular increase of AU, if the orbital "expansion" is happening only in the inner planets system. Although the existence of some tidal interactions is assumed between the Sun and planets, concrete mechanisms of the angular momentum transfer are not discussed in this paper, which remain to be done as future investigations.
description: 4 pages, accepted for publication in PASJ
Additional file 1 of Aromatic L-amino Acid Decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency: results from an Italian modified Delphi consensus
Creators: name: Fusco, Carlo
name: Leuzzi, Vincenzo
name: Striano, Pasquale
name: Battini, Roberta
name: Burlina, Alberto
name: Spagnoli, Carlotta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Stress release mechanisms for Cu on Pd(111) in the submonolayer and monolayer regimes
Creators: name: Jalkanen, J.
name: Rossi, G.
name: Trushin, O.
name: Granato, E.
name: Ala-Nissila, T.
name: Ying, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the strain relaxation mechanisms of Cu on Pd(111) up to the monolayer regime using two different computational methodologies, basin-hopping global optimization and energy minimization with a repulsive bias potential. Our numerical results are consistent with experimentally observed layer-by-layer growth mode. However, we find that the structure of the Cu layer is not fully pseudomorphic even at low coverages. Instead, the Cu adsorbates forms fcc and hcp stacking domains, separated by partial misfit dislocations. We also estimate the minimum energy path and energy barriers for transitions from the ideal epitaxial state to the fcc-hcp domain pattern.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Parallel Magnetic Field Tuning of Valley Splitting in AlAs Two-Dimensional Electrons
Creators: name: Gokmen, T.
name: Padmanabhan, Medini
name: Gunawan, O.
name: Shkolnikov, Y. P.
name: Vakili, K.
name: De Poortere, E. P.
name: Shayegan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that, in a quasi-two-dimensional electron system confined to an AlAs quantum well and occupying two conduction-band minima (valleys), a parallel magnetic field can couple to the electrons' orbital motion and tune the energies of the two valleys by different amounts. The measured density imbalance between the two valleys, which is a measure of the valley susceptibility with respect to parallel magnetic field, is enhanced compared to the predictions of non-interacting calculations, reflecting the role of electron-electron interaction.
description: 4+ pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
A Unified Theory of Quantum Holonomies
Creators: name: Tanaka, Atushi
name: Cheon, Taksu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A periodic change of slow environmental parameters of a quantum system induces quantum holonomy. The phase holonomy is a well-known example. Another is a more exotic kind that exhibits eigenvalue and eigenspace holonomies. We introduce a theoretical formulation that describes the phase and eigenspace holonomies on an equal footing. The building block of the theory is a gauge connection for an ordered basis, which is conceptually distinct from Mead-Truhlar-Berry's connection and its Wilczek-Zee extension. A gauge invariant treatment of eigenspace holonomy based on Fujikawa's formalism is developed. Example of adiabatic quantum holonomy, including the exotic kind with spectral degeneracy, are shown.
description: 24pages; To be published in Ann. Phys. (N.Y.); Corrected typos
Additional file 1 of Nurses’ and midwives’ perspectives on participation in national policy development, review and reforms in Ghana: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Acheampong, Angela Kwartemaa
name: Ohene, Lillian Akorfa
name: Asante, Isabella Naana Akyaa
name: Kyei, Josephine
name: Dzansi, Gladys
name: Adjei, Charles Ampong
name: Adjorlolo, Samuel
name: Boateng, Francis
name: Woolley, Philomena
name: Nyante, Felix
name: Aziato, Lydia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Qualitative interview guide.
Essential Dimensions of A_7 and S_7
Creators: name: Duncan, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E07 (Primary), 14L30 (Secondary)

description: We show that Y. Prokhorov's "Simple Finite Subgroups of the Cremona Group of Rank 3" implies that, over any field of characteristic 0, the essential dimensions of the alternating group, A_7, and the symmetric group, S_7, are 4.
description: 5 pages
Phase control of a longitudinal momentum entangled photon state by a deformable membrane mirror
Creators: name: Bonato, Cristian
name: Bonora, Stefano
name: Chiuri, Andrea
name: Mataloni, Paolo
name: Milani, Giorgio
name: Vallone, Giuseppe
name: Villoresi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a paradigmatic demonstration of the potentialities of a deformable mirror for closed-loop control of a two-photon momentum-entangled state, subject to phase fluctuations. A custom-made membrane mirror is used to set a relative phase shift between the arms of an interferometric apparatus. The control algorithm estimates the phase of the quantum state, by measurements of the coincidence events at the output ports of the interferometer, and uses the measurements results to provide a feedback signal to the deformable mirror. Stabilization of the coincidence rate to within 1.5 standard deviation of the Poissonian noise is demonstrated over 2000 seconds.
description: RevTex, 6 pages
Additional file 1 of Development of the Screening Tool for Everyday Mobility and Symptoms (STEMS) for skeletal dysplasia
Creators: name: Ireland, Penelope J.
name: Savarirayan, Ravi
name: Tash Pocovi
name: Tate, Tracy
name: Coussens, Marie
name: Tofts, Louise
name: Munns, Craig
name: Pacey, Verity
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Screening Tool for Everyday Mobility and Symptoms (STEMS).
Entanglement of flux qubits through a joint detection of photons
Creators: name: Kurpas, M.
name: Zipper, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement creation between two flux qubits interacting with electromagnetic field modes. No direct interaction between the qubits exists. Entanglement is reached using entanglement swapping method by an interference measurement performed on photons. We discuss the influence of off-resonance and multi-photon initial states on the qubit-qubit entanglement. The presented scheme is able to drive an initially separable state of two qubits into an highly entangled state suitable for quantum information processing.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Internal dynamics of Abell 1240: a galaxy cluster with symmetric double radio relics
Creators: name: Barrena, R.
name: Girardi, M.
name: Boschin, W.
name: Dasi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to obtain new insights into the internal dynamics of the cluster Abell 1240, showing the presence of two roughly symmetric radio relics, separated by ~2 h_70^-1 Mpc. Our analysis is mainly based on redshift data for 145 galaxies and on new photometric data. We also use X-ray data from the Chandra archive and photometric data from the SDSS (DR7). We combine galaxy velocities and positions to select 89 cluster galaxies and analyze the internal dynamics of the Abell 1237 + Abell 1240 cluster complex. We estimate similar redshifts for Abell 1237 and Abell 1240, =0.1935 and =0.1948, respectively. For Abell 1237 we estimate velocity dispersion sigma_v~740 km/s and a mass M~6 10^14 h_70^-1 M_sun. For Abell 1240 we estimate a LOS sigma_v~870 km/s and a mass range M~0.9-1.9 10^15 h_70^-1 M_sun, which takes into account its complex dynamics. Abell 1240 is shown to have a bimodal structure with two galaxy clumps roughly defining the N-S direction, the same one defined by the elongation of its X-ray surface brightness and by the axis of symmetry of the relics. The two--body model agrees with the hypothesis that we are looking at a cluster merger occurred largely in the plane of the sky, with the two galaxy clumps separated by a rest-frame velocity difference V_rf~2000 km/s at a time of 0.3 Gyrs after the crossing core, while Abell 1237 is still infalling onto Abell 1240. Chandra archive data confirm the complex structure of Abell 1240 and allow us to estimate a global X-ray temperature T_X=6.0+-0.5 keV. In agreement with the findings from radio data, our results for Abell 1240 strongly support the "outgoing merger shocks" model to explain the presence of the relics.
description: Accepted in May 12th, 2009. 16 pages, 16 figures and 2 tables
Mass-dependent evolution of the relation between supermassive black hole mass and host spheroid mass since z ~ 1
Creators: name: Kisaka, Shota
name: Kojima, Yasufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the evolution of supermassive black hole mass (M_BH) and the host spheroid mass (M_sph) in order to track the history of the M_BH-M_sph relationship. The typical mass increase of M_BH is calculated by a continuity equation and accretion history, which is estimated from the active galactic nucleus (AGN) luminosity function. The increase in M_sph is also calculated by using a continuity equation and a star formation model, which uses observational data for the formation rate and stellar mass function. We find that the black hole to spheroid mass ratio is expected to be substantially unchanged since z~1.2 for high mass objects (M_BH>10^8.5M_SUN and M_sph>10^11.3M_SUN). In the same redshift range, the spheroid mass is found to increase more rapidly than the black hole mass if M_sph>10^11M_SUN. The proposed mass-dependent model is consistent with the current available observational data in the M_BH-M_sph diagram.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Reidemeister torsion and analytic torsion of discs
Creators: name: Hartmann, L.
name: de Melo, T.
name: Spreafico, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57Q10 58J52

description: We study the Reidemeister torsion and the analytic torsion of the $m$ dimensional disc in the Euclidean $m$ dimensional space, using the base for the homology defined by Ray and Singer in \cite{RS}. We prove that the Reidemeister torsion coincides with a power of the volume of the disc. We study the additional terms arising in the analytic torsion due to the boundary, using generalizations of the Cheeger-Müller theorem. We use a formula proved by Brüning and Ma \cite{BM}, that predicts a new anomaly boundary term beside the known term proportional to the Euler characteristic of the boundary \cite{Luc}. Some of our results extend to the case of the cone over a sphere, in particular we evaluate directly the analytic torsion for a cone over the circle and over the two sphere. We compare the results obtained in the low dimensional cases. We also consider a different formula for the boundary term given by Dai and Fang \cite{DF}, and we show that the result obtained using this formula is inconsistent with the direct calculation of the analytic torsion.
Additional file 2 of Multiple freeze-thaw cycles lead to a loss of consistency in poly(A)-enriched RNA sequencing
Creators: name: Kellman, Benjamin P.
name: Hratch M. Baghdassarian
name: Pramparo, Tiziano
name: Shamie, Isaac
name: Gazestani, Vahid
name: Begzati, Arjana
name: Shangzhong Li
name: Nalabolu, Srinivasa
name: Murray, Sarah
name: Lopez, Linda
name: Pierce, Karen
name: Courchesne, Eric
name: Lewis, Nathan E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
New Interpretation of Superhumps
Creators: name: Smak, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational evidence is presented for periodically variable irradiation of secondary components. This results in strongly modulated mass outflow. Superhumps are then due to enhanced dissipation of the kinetic energy of the stream. Qualitative interpretation of superhump periods and their variations is also presented.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, submitted to "Acta Astronomica"
Some functions of the swimbladder and its ducts in Atlantic and Pacific herring
Creators: name: Brawn, Vivien Mavis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The swimbladder of Atlantic and Pacific herring has a pneumatic duct arising from the stomach caecum and a direct posterior opening to the exterior. The thesis is advanced that these peculiarities are associated with differences in function which may be related to the life of the herring. Herring obtain swimbladder gas by swallowing air at the surface but not by secretion or bacterial gas generation over one week. Gas release from the swimbladder through the posterior duct occurs in response to pressure reduction, sympathomimetic drugs and atropine and is inhibited by spinal section or brain removal suggesting a gas release mechanism involving the central nervous system. Gas loss through the pneumatic duct is prevented by the swimbladder valve which opens in response to adrenalin. The swimbladder responds to adrenalin by moving its contained gas anteriorly and to pilocarpine by increasing internal gas pressure. The pneumatic duct, normally fluid filled, controls the applied pressure at which gas flow in either direction starts and finishes. This duct mechanically prevents the entry of particulate matter from the stomach and is able to remove air bubbles leaving a mean net force of 3.2 dynes/ml downwards to be compensated for by movements of the fish. As the herring swimbladder functions as a hydrostatic organ the low skeletal body content and high fat content results in a low swimbladder volume, so reducing the change in density with depth, an advantage to a fish undergoing diurnal vertical migrations. It was calculated that herring of Passamaquoddy Bay, N.B. can descend to their median daytime depth of 10 metres in August and 35 metres in February for sinking factors of 1016 and 1018 respectively. Predation may be reduced by the ability of herring to complete air uptake rapidly, to move upward without restriction by expelling any excess gas through the posterior duct and to liberate gas in times of stress in response to adrenaline so increasing body density and permitting rapid downward movement. Thus in many ways the herring because of its anatomical modifications has been able to adapt the physostome condition successfully to its marine environment.
Exploration of dynamical regimes of irradiated small protonated water clusters
Creators: name: Ndongmouo-Taffoti, U. F.
name: Dinh, P. M.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
name: Suraud, E.
name: Wang, Z. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore from a theoretical perspective the dynamical response of small water clusters, (H$_2$O)$_n$H$_3$O$^+$ with $n=1,2,3$, to a short laser pulse for various frequencies, from infrared (IR) to ultra-violet (UV) and intensities (from $6\times10^{13}$ W/cm$^2$ to $5\times10^{14}$ W/cm$^2$). To that end, we use time-dependent local-density approximation for the electrons, coupled to molecular dynamics for the atomic cores (TDLDA-MD). The local-density approximation is augmented by a self-interaction correction (SIC) to allow for a correct description of electron emission. For IR frequencies, we see a direct coupling of the laser field to the very light H$^+$ ions in the clusters. Resonant coupling (in the UV) and/or higher intensities lead to fast ionization with subsequent Coulomb explosion. The stability against Coulomb pressure increases with system size. Excitation to lower ionization stages induced strong ionic vibrations. These maintain rather harmonic pattern in spite of the sizeable amplitudes (often 10% of the bond length).
description: accepted in Eur. J. Phys. D
Activation of the Blandford-Znajek mechanism in collapsing stars
Creators: name: Komissarov, S. S.
name: Barkov, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collapse of massive stars may result in formation of accreting black holes in their interior. The accreting stellar matter may advect substantial magnetic flux onto the black hole and promote release of its rotational energy via magnetic stresses (the Blandford-Znajek mechanism). In this paper we explore whether this process can explain the stellar explosions and relativistic jets associated with long Gamma-ray-bursts. In particularly, we show that the Blandford-Znajek mechanism is activated when the rest mass-energy density of matter drops below the energy density of magnetic field in the very vicinity of the black hole (within its ergosphere). We also discuss whether such a strong magnetic field is in conflict with the rapid rotation of stellar core required in the collapsar model and suggest that the conflict can be avoided if the progenitor star is a component of close binary. In this case the stellar rotation can be sustained via spin-orbital interaction. In an alternative scenario the magnetic field is generated in the accretion disk but in this case the magnetic flux through the black hole ergosphere is not expected to be sufficiently high to explain the energetics of hypernovae by the BZ mechanism alone. However, this energy deficit can be recovered via additional power provided by the disk.
description: submitted to MNRAS, new references and minor modifications in version 2
Hubble Space Telescope survey of the Perseus Cluster - I: The structure and dark matter content of cluster dwarf spheroidals
Creators: name: Penny, S.
name: Conselice, C.
name: De Rijcke, S.
name: Held, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) study of dwarf galaxies in the core of the rich nearby Perseus Cluster, down to M_V=-12. We identify 29 dwarfs as cluster members, 17 of which are previously unstudied. All the dwarfs we examine are remarkably smooth in appearance, and lack internal features. Based on these observations, and the sizes of these dwarfs, we argue that some of the dwarfs in our sample must have a large dark matter content to prevent disruption by the cluster potential. We derive a new method, independent of kinematics, for measuring the dark matter content of dEs, based on the radius of the dwarf, the projected distance of the dwarf from the cluster centre, and the total mass of the cluster interior to it. We find that the mass-to-light ratios of these dwarfs are comparable to those of the Local Group dSphs, ranging between 1 and 120.
description: accepted for publication by MNRAS
Limitations of Passive Protection of Quantum Information
Creators: name: Pastawski, Fernando
name: Kay, Alastair
name: Schuch, Norbert
name: Cirac, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to protect quantum information from the effect of noise is one of the major goals of quantum information processing. In this article, we study limitations on the asymptotic stability of quantum information stored in passive N-qubit systems. We consider the effect of small imperfections in the implementation of the protecting Hamiltonian in the form of perturbations or weak coupling to a ground state environment. We prove that, regardless of the protecting Hamiltonian, there exists a perturbed evolution that necessitates a final error correcting step when the state of the memory is read. Such an error correction step is shown to require a finite error threshold, the lack thereof being exemplified by the 3D compass model. We go on to present explicit weak Hamiltonian perturbations which destroy the logical information stored in the 2D toric code in a time O(log(N)).
description: 17 pages and appendices