Rhinolophus proconsulis Hill 1959
Creators: name: Burgin, Connor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus proconsulis

description: 81. Bornean Woolly Horseshoe <b>Bat</b> <i>Rhinolophus proconsulis</i> French: Rhinolophe <i> proconsul I <b>German</b></i> : Wollhaarige <i>Borneo-Hufeisennase I</i> <b>Spanish:</b> Herradura <i>lanoso de</i> Borneo <b>Other</b> <i>common</i> <b>names:</b> <i>Proconsul's</i> Horseshoe Bat <b>Taxonomy.</b> <i>Rhinolophus arcuatus proconsulis</i> Hill, 1959, “ Bungoh Cave, Bau, 1st. Division, Sarawak,” Borneo, Malaysia. <i>Rhinolophus proconsulis</i> is included in the <i>euryotis</i> species group although its <i>phylogenetic</i> affinities are uncertain. Based on morphometries, L. E. Patrick and colleagues in 2013 recently recognized it as distinct from <i>R. arcuatus,</i> as were <i> R. <i>mcintyrei</i> and <i>R. belligerator,</i> thus leaving <i> R. <i>arcuatus</i> with a much smaller range, mainly in the Philippines; however, not all populations were accounted for in this study, including those in Sumatra, which may be closer to <i>R.proconsulis,</i> but are here <i>tentatively</i> retained in <i>R. arcuatus.</i> Monotypic.</i></i> <b>Distribution.</b> W Borneo (SW Sarawak); apparently also in Central and East Kalimantan, although the exact locality of records is uncertain. <b>Descriptive notes.</b> Forearm 46-3-48- 3 mm. The Bornean <i>Woolly</i> Horseshoe Bat is similar overall to the Arcuate Horseshoe Bat (. <i>arcuatus)</i> and the Poso Horseshoe Bat (. <i>belligerator).</i> Dorsal pelage is dark brown (hairs grayish at base), whereas ventral pelage is pale brown with faint gray tinge. Ears are moderately long. Noseleaf has straight-sided lancet with pointed tip; connecting process is arcuate, forming semicircle; sella is broadly ovate and wide basally, being slightly narrower than intemarial <i>cup</i> for much of its length before tapering slightly toward rounded tip; horseshoe is <i>relatively</i> wide, nearly covers muzzle, and has slight median emargination. Lower lip has three mental grooves. Skull is <i>relatively</i> slender; braincase is elongate and slightly inflated; interorbital region is abruptly narrowed; anterior median swellings are well developed and circular in outline; posterior swellings are less pronounced but still defined; nasal swellings are <i>slightly</i> smaller overall than in the Arcuate Horseshoe Bat; rostral profile is distinctly concave in lateral view; sagittal crest is moderately developed; frontal depression is very shallow; supraorbital crests are slightly developed; canines are <i>relatively</i> slender and slightly curved (larger and more massive than in McIntyre’s Horseshoe Bat (. <i>mcintyrei).</i> P2 is small and in tooth row; P3 is very small and completely extruded from tooth row. Habitat. The caves in which the Bornean <i>Woolly</i> Horseshoe Bat has been captured are generally surrounded by remnant forests or various plantations. <b>Food and</b> Feeding. The Bornean <i>Woolly</i> Horseshoe Bat appears to forage for insects in dense vegetation. Breeding. No information. <b>Activity</b> patterns. The Bornean <i>Woolly</i> Horseshoe Bat roosts in limestone caves. <b>Movements, Home range and</b> Social organization. No information. Status <b>and Conservation.</b> Classified as Endangered on <i>The IUCNed List.</i> The Bornean <i>Woolly</i> Horseshoe Bat is currently restricted to nine localities and appears to be rare within its restricted and scattered distribution. It is likely to be threatened by general roost disturbance, along with the deforestation that is rampant in Borneo. <b>Bibliography.</b> Azhar et al. (2009), Hill (1959), Jub et al. (2003), Mohd-Azlan et <i>al.</i> (2005), Pàthe <i>et al.</i> (2005), Patrick &amp; Ruedas (2017c), <i>Patrick</i> et al. (2013), Rahman et <i>al.</i> (2011), Struebig et <i>al.</i> (2010).
description: Published as part of <i>Burgin, Connor, 2019, Rhinolophidae, pp. 280-332 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions</i> on page 319, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3748525