cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Central Counterparties (CCP)
Creators: name: Δεμελής, Αντώνιος
name: Demelis, Antonios
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Central Counterparties
subject: CCPs
subject: Clearing
subject: Margin
subject: Default Waterfall Funds
subject: Default Fund

description: Σε αυτή τη διατριβή θα παρουσιαστεί αρχικά η έννοια και οι μηχανισμοί της Κεντρικής Εκκαθάρισης των συναλλαγών, καθώς και πως οι Κεντρικοί Αντισυμβαλλόμενοι (CCPs) τους εφαρμόζουν στα μέλη τους. Θα παρουσιάσουμε ποια ακριβώς είναι η σχέση μεταξύ των Κεντρικών Αντισυμβαλλομένων, των μελών εκκαθάρισης και των πελατών τους. Θα εξηγήσουμε πως οι κεντρικοί αντισυμβαλλόμενοι μειώνουν την διασυνδεσιμότητα μεταξύ των αντισυμβαλλομένων στην αγορά, όταν οι διμερής συναλλαγές απλοποιούνται και αντικαθίστανται από τους Κεντρικούς Αντισυμβαλλόμενους μέσω της διαδικασίας του πολυμερούς συμψηφισμού (multilateral netting). Θα αναφέρουμε επίσης ποια είναι τα χρηματοοικονομικά προϊόντα που εκκαθαρίζονται μέσω Κεντρικών Αντισυμβαλλομένων και γιατί η παγκόσμια οικονομική κρίση του 2008 είχε ως αιτία να αυξηθεί το εύρος των χρηματοοικονομικών προϊόντων που εκκαθαρίζονται μέσω Κεντρικών Αντισυμβαλλομένων με έμφαση στα έξω-χρηματιστηριακά παράγωγα. Επίσης θα αναλύσουμε πώς η συνεισφορά κεφαλαίων από τα μέλη εκκαθάρισης προς τους Κεντρικούς Αντισυμβαλλόμενους, μέσω των αρχικού κεφαλαίου περιθωρίου ασφάλισης (Initial Margin), του μεταβλητού κεφαλαίου περιθωρίου ασφάλισης (Variation Margin) και του κεφαλαίου εκκαθάρισης (Default Fund), προστατεύουν τους συμμετέχοντες στην αγορά σε περίπτωση αθέτησης υποχρεώσεων κάποιου μέλους. Θα περιγράψουμε τις «γραμμές άμυνας των Κεντρικών Αντισυμβαλλομένων» σε περιπτώσεις αθέτησης πληρωμών των μελών τους καθώς και πως χρησιμοποιούν τα κεφάλαια που έχουν συγκεντρωθεί από τα μέλη τους προκειμένου να καλύψουν το «κόστος» σε περίπτωση χρεωκοπίας ενός ή και περισσότερων μελών τους. Όταν οι απώλειες δεν μπορούν να καλυφθούν από τα παραπάνω αυτά ήδη συγκεντρωμένα κεφάλαια (Default Waterfall Funds) θα περιγράψουμε πως εφαρμόζοντας κάποιες τεχνικές κατανομής των ζημιών (loss allocation methods) μεταξύ των μελών τους, όπως το «κούρεμα» των κερδών μεταβλητού κεφαλαίου περιθωρίου ασφάλισης από άλλα μέλη ή ακόμα και την «απόσχιση» των θέσεων τους, με σκοπό την προστασία του Κεντρικού Αντισυμβαλλομένου και κατ’ επέκταση και του συνόλου μελών του. Ακόμα θα αναλύσουμε τα πλεονεκτήματα και τα μειονεκτήματα καθώς και τους κυριότερους κινδύνους των Κεντρικών Αντισυμβαλλομένων. Επιπρόσθετα, θα εξετάσουμε τις επιδράσεις της πανδημίας του κορονοϊού στην λειτουργία των Κεντρικών Αντισυμβαλλομένων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα θα εξετάσουμε πόσο καλά αντέδρασαν και λειτούργησαν οι Κεντρικοί Αντισυμβαλλόμενοι στις επιδράσεις της συνεχόμενης μεταβλητότητας και αστάθειας των τιμών στις αγορές, αλλά και με την παράλληλη αύξηση του αριθμού των συναλλαγών εκκαθάρισης. Τέλος, θα ελέγξουμε την επίδραση των παραπάνω επιδράσεων στα κεφάλαια των Κεντρικών Αντισυμβαλλομένων όπως για παράδειγμα είναι τα κεφάλαια περιθωρίου ασφάλισης (margin) και τα κεφαλαία εκκαθάρισης (default fund), καθώς και τα αποτελέσματα της παραπάνω επίδρασης στα μέλη τους και στους συμμετέχοντες στην αγορά.
Generalized Gravi-Electromagnetism
Creators: name: Bisht, P. S.
name: Karnatak, Gaurav
name: Negi, O. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self consistant and manifestly covariant theory for the dynamics of four charges (masses) (namely electric, magnetic, gravitational, Heavisidian) has been developed in simple, compact and consistent manner. Starting with an invariant Lagrangian density and its quaternionic representation, we have obtained the consistent field equation for the dynamics of four charges. It has been shown that the present reformulation reproduces the dynamics of individual charges (masses) in the absence of other charge (masses) as well as the generalized theory of dyons (gravito - dyons) in the absence gravito - dyons (dyons). key words: dyons, gravito - dyons, quaternion PACS NO: 14.80Hv
Water quality in two small forested catchments in the Warra LTER site, Tasmania : source of colour and nutrient enrichment
Creators: name: Meyer, S
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Variations in water quality occur with changes in land use such as timber harvesting and land clearing for agriculture, and through natural environmental variations including vegetation, slope and geology. Water quality is regularly monitored by Forestry Tasmania to ensure streams and creeks maintain a healthy aquatic ecosystem. This research was conducted to investigate the source of natural elevated concentrations of colour, turbidity and associated nutrients observed in the pristine forested catchment of Warra Creek. A second catchment, Crystal Creek, was also studied and the comparison between the two creeks was used to help understand the natural variations. The primary objective of this study was to conduct a review of the naturally occurring environmental variables that affect water quality; and to evaluate the sources and ranges of concentrations of physical and chemical constituents expected in Tasmania waterways. A second objective was to investigate the reasons behind differences in water quality between the two pristine forested catchments; and to provide Forestry Tasmania with a range of guidelines to assess potential water degradation in the southern forest of Tasmania. Water was collected and analysed for twenty physical and chemical parameters through three sampling projects, designed to encompass the range of flow and water quality conditions experienced throughout a typical year. Samples were taken on fortnightly visits, through a snapshot sampling regime and during two storm events. Results from these three projects indicated that the source of colour and associated nutrient enrichment in Warra Creek can be attributed to the headwaters of this catchment. This area of the catchment contains organic rich soils on south facing slight slopes with large amounts of decomposing organic matter and prolonged water contact time with this organic matter. Increases in flow in both W arra and Crystal Creeks caused a significant flushing of accumulated organic material from these catchments, resulting in degraded water quality. A variety of environmental differences were discovered between the two catchments, which may explain the significant differences in water quality found, especially during periods of low flow. The implications from this study for the management of water quality by Forestry Tasmania are discussed.
Weak Localization and Transport Gap in Graphene Antidot Lattices
Creators: name: Eroms, J.
name: Weiss, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fabricated and measured antidot lattices in single layer graphene with lattice periods down to 90 nm. In large-period lattices, a well-defined quantum Hall effect is observed. Going to smaller antidot spacings the quantum Hall effect gradually disappears, following a geometric size effect. Lattices with narrow constrictions between the antidots behave as networks of nanoribbons, showing a high-resistance state and a transport gap of a few mV around the Dirac point. We observe pronounced weak localization in the magnetoresistance, indicating strong intervalley scattering at the antidot edges. The area of phase-coherent paths is bounded by the unit cell size at low temperatures, so each unit cell of the lattice acts as a ballistic cavity.
description: some revisions, to appear in New Journal of Physics, Special Issue Graphene
title: Εφαρμογή τεχνικών πολυμεταβλητής ανάλυσης σε ιατρικά και κοινωνικο-οικονομικά προβλήματα
title: Application of multivariate analysis techniques in medical, financial and social problems
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Σκύφα, Βασιλική-Αμαρυλλίς
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Τεχνικές
subject: Πολυμεταβλητή ανάλυση
subject: Κύριες συνιστώσες
subject: Ανάλυση κύριων συνιστωσών
subject: Ανάλυση παραγόντων

description: Η Πολυμεταβλητή Ανάλυση είναι ο τομέας της Στατιστικής ο οποίος ασχολείται με την ανάπτυξη μεθόδων που στόχο έχουν τη συλλογή, μελέτη και ανάλυση δεδομένων που αποτελούνται από μετρήσεις πολλών μεταβλητών σε ένα σύνολο πειραματικών μονάδων. Οι βασικότερες τεχνικές της Πολυμεταβλητής Στατιστικής Ανάλυσης είναι οι εξής: • Ανάλυση Κύριων Συνιστωσών, • Ανάλυση Παραγόντων, • Ανάλυση κατά Συστάδες, • Διαχωριστική Ανάλυση, • Ανάλυση Αντιστοιχιών. Κάθε ερευνητής μπορεί να επιλέξει να εφαρμόσει μία ή περισσότερες από τις παραπάνω τεχνικές για να μειώσει το πλήθος των μεταβλητών που θα χρησιμοποιήσει χωρίς να χαθεί πολύτιμη πληροφορία, να ομαδοποιήσει τα δεδομένα σε ομοειδή υποσύνολα, να διερευνήσει την ύπαρξη εξάρτησης μεταξύ μεταβλητών, να δημιουργήσει μοντέλα πρόβλεψης καθώς και να διενεργήσει ελέγχους υποθέσεων για παραμέτρους που σχετίζονται με τα υπό μελέτη δεδομένα. Σκοπός της παρούσας Διπλωματικής Εργασίας είναι η παρουσίαση των δύο πρώτων μεθόδων καθώς επίσης και η εφαρμογή αυτών σε μελέτη περίπτωσης (case study) που αφορά ιατρικά δεδομένα με στόχο την εξαγωγή χρήσιμων συμπερασμάτων.
Επικοινωνία και διαχείριση συγκρούσεων σε δημόσιες και ιδιωτικές εκπαιδευτικές μονάδες δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης
Creators: name: Καλτσά, Ανθούλα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Επικοινωνία
subject: Σύγκρουση
subject: Δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση
subject: Διαχείριση σύγκρουσης

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετώνται οι συγκρούσεις που δημιουργούνται στις σχολικές μονάδες ιδιωτικού και δημοσίου φορέα Β-βάθμιας εκπαίδευσης στην Ελλάδα και η διαχείριση αυτών. Όπως σε όλα τα εργασιακά περιβάλλοντα, έτσι και σε μια σχολική μονάδα προκύπτουν συγκρούσεις παντός τύπου που αφορούν όχι μόνο συναδέλφους αλλά και μαθητές και συγκρούσεις μεταξύ αυτών. Καθοριστικό ρόλο στην επίλυση των συγκρούσεων αυτών παίζει ρόλο η επικοινωνία μεταξύ των καθηγητών, δηλαδή ο σύλλογος διδασκόντων αλλά και ο διευθυντής του εκάστοτε σχολείου. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται οι τύποι συγκρούσεων, οι συνέπειες, οι τεχνικές διαχείρισης, η αποφυγή των συγκρούσεων αυτών αλλά και οι επιπτώσεις που μπορεί να υπάρχουν, θετικές ή αρνητικές και πως βοηθούν στο να λειτουργήσει αποτελεσματικά μια οποιαδήποτε μονάδα. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο επικεντρώνεται στη διαχείριση των συγκρούσεων στις σχολικές μονάδες αλλά και το ρόλο της διοίκησης μέσα σε αυτές. Αναλύεται το νομοθετικό πλαίσιο αναφορικά με τη διοικητική σύσταση των σχολικών μονάδων, ο ρόλος του διευθυντή, τα χαρακτηριστικά που πρέπει να έχει και οι ενέργειές του για την επίλυση των συγκρούσεων. Στο τελευταίο κεφάλαιο, όπου αποτελεί και το ερευνητικό κομμάτι της διπλωματικής, γίνονται έλεγχοι μέσω του προγράμματος SPSS με δεδομένα που αντλήθηκαν από το ερωτηματολόγιο που διανεμήθηκε σε καθηγητές Β-βάθμιας εκπαίδευσης και αφορούσε τη διαχείριση συγκρούσεων, αν υπάρχει επιμόρφωση πάνω σε αυτό το ζήτημα και ποιός παίζει το μεγαλύτερο ρόλο στην επίλυση των προβλημάτων σε ιδιωτικό και δημόσιο φορέα. Εν κατακλείδι, αναφέρεται στο αν και κατά πόσο η επιμόρφωση των καθηγητών αλλά και των διευθυντών στο ζήτημα της διαχείρισης συγκρούσεων επηρεάζει τον τρόπο επίλυσης αυτών.
Clinical implications and cost-effectiveness analysis of rivaroxaban in patients with coronary artery disease or peripheral arterial disease in the Netherlands
Creators: name: Spoorendonk, J. A.
name: Briere, J. -B.
name: Bowrin, K.
name: Millier, A.
name: Coppens, M
name: Tempelaar, S.
name: Verheggen, B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) or peripheral artery disease (PAD) are at substantial risk of atherothrombotic events. The COMPASS trial showed that patients with stable CAD or PAD experienced significant benefits after treatment with rivaroxaban in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) compared with ASA alone. This paper aims to provide insight into the clinical and economic consequences of treatment with rivaroxaban from a Dutch societal perspective. The clinical and economic implications of rivaroxaban in terms of number of events prevented, costs, incremental cost per life years gained (LYG), and incremental cost per quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were determined based on a cost-effectiveness model for patients with stable CAD or PAD and in high-risk subgroups (i.e., patients with CAD and PAD, CAD and prior myocardial infarction and renal impairment, CAD, and heart failure) using results from the Cardiovascular OutcoMes for People using Anticoagulation StrategieS (COMPASS) trial. Patients treated with rivaroxaban have an expected increased discounted life expectancy of 0.67 years. In high-risk groups discounted incremental life expectancy ranged from 1.33 to 1.90 years. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for the full COMPASS population was €9,760/LYG and €12,033/QALY, whereas for high-risk subgroups of patients with underlying conditions, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios ranged from €2,966/LYG to €5,052/LYG and from €3,940/QALY to €6,815/QALY. Results from the sensitivity analyses revealed that the model results were robust to variations in single or multiple input parameters at once. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed that rivaroxaban in combination with ASA is a cost-effective treatment option in stable CAD or PAD patients. Rivaroxaban in combination with ASA is even more cost-effective in high-risk subgroups.
Toward an understanding of the madrigal in sixteenth century Spain : a case study of the manuscript MadM 6829
Creators: name: Meyers, RM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines how the mid sixteenth century madrigal phenomenon was perceived and interpreted by Spanish composers through a close reading of the text-music relationship in the manuscript collection MadM 6829, commonly referred to as Cancionero de la Casa de Medinaceli, a title taken from the modern edition edited by Miguel Querol Gayalda. MadM 6829 contains a significant number of musical settings of the wildly popular Italianate poetic forms that were intimately connected with the madrigal, but although the manuscript has been in modern edition for almost sixty years, the collection has received little scholarly attention. No previous study has considered the contents of the manuscript in relation to the contemporary innovations that changed the way European composers viewed the rhetorical power of music and its expression of text. This study helps to clarify the process by which the Spanish composers may have taken the text as a basis for musical composition and identifies the features of the text that were given primacy in determining compositional procedure. The study begins with an introduction to the broad repertory of Spanish musical settings of Italianate poetry during the sixteenth century, and moves to establish the position of the manuscript within the historical tradition of secular song in Spain. The remainder of the thesis focusses exclusively on MadM 6829, examining the text-music relationship of the Italianate settings in two ways: (1) a consideration of the particular types of poetry that were chosen for musical settings; and (2) an analysis of the formal and stylistic devices that composers used to express important textual features. This thesis challenges the assumption that the Spanish settings of sixteenth century Italianate poetry were less musically expressive than contemporary Italian settings. Indeed, the entire basis by which composers interpreted poetry and important poetic features seems to have differed from the culturally more familiar Italian tradition. Typically, the composers chose to express important textual details with direct and immediately audible musical manipulations of rhythm, melody, or musical texture. Additionally, there are several cases in which composers expressed emotional climaxes of the text or other formal poetic considerations with more complex and subtle structural musical manipulations. This study demonstrates that although the musical expressionexpression of text did not involve the profound harmonic developments that characterized the Italian madrigal phenomenon, this restraint in musical language did not prevent the composers from employing distinctive and effective models of musical expressivity.
The optimal allocation of the groundwater resource over time by the use of the user cost
Creators: name: Alexander, Esther
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A mathematical model of maximizing the present-value of the groundwater reservoir is developed. According to it the optimal condition of the water use is: to ration the water in a way which makes the marginal net rent to the water equal to the marginal user cost each year. The model is valid for every amount of recharge. The rent function is derived from the agricultural production function and it is based on the main assumption that diminishing return to the water exists. Using the rent function the present-value expression for the reservoir has been established. It is differentiated in respect to the water used - the chosen independent variable of the rent function. In this way the result mentioned above has been achieved. The optimal sequence of the water use - which maximizes the present-value of the reservoir - has been calculated by salving the set of equations of the optimal conditions of each year. Both the optimal sequence of the water use and the user cost have been calculated explicitly and expressed in formulas by measurable parameters. It is argued that only a profit maximizing sole owner for whom the user cost is meaningful would use the water in the optimal sequence. If the reservoir is a common property resource a non-optimal water use would be practized. This non-optimal sequence of the water use is calculated by solving the set of equations of the non-optimal condition of the water use of each year. Considering the user cost zero the condition of the water use became: to use the quantity of water every year which makes the marginal net rent equal zero. The optimal condition of the water use developed in this work, which says marginal rent should be equal marginal user cost made possible to establish the non-optimal condition of the water use by turning the user cost to zero. The non-optimal water sequence is expressed too in an explicit formula by measurable parameters only. It is compared to the optimal water sequence. Also life-time of the reservoir and its final depth are compared for the cases of optimal and non-optimal water use. In the case of optimal water use (sole ownership) the water use is more gradual, the economical life of the reservoir is longer and its final depth is less deep than in the case of the non-optimal water use. A numerical example at the end of this work shows that - in these circumstance - the user cost has a significant magnitude.
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION of the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) Research Infrastructure
Creators: name: Cocco, Massimo
name: Freda, Carmela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: epos
european plate observing system
infrastructure

description: This document represents the scientific and technical description of the European Plate Observing System (EPOS) Research Infrastructure. It belongs to the set of documents required by the European Commission to build EPOS-ERIC.
BubbleGun: enumerating bubbles and superbubbles in genome graphs
Creators: name: Dabbaghieh, Fawaz
name: Marschall, Tobias
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: With the fast development of third-generation sequencing machines,de novo genome assembly is becoming a routine even for larger genomes. Graph-based representations of genomes arise both as part of the assembly process, but also in the context of pangenomes representing a population. In both cases, polymorphic loci lead to bubble structures in such graphs. Detecting bubbles is hence an important task when working with genomic variants in the context of genome graphs. Here, we present a fast general-purpose tool, called BubbleGun, for detecting bubbles and superbubbles in genome graphs. Furthermore, BubbleGun detects and outputs runs of linearly connected bubbles and superbubbles, which we call bubble chains. We showcase the utility of our tool on de Bruijn graphs built from human short-read sequencing data, where it reports 2 to 3 million bubbles and superbubbles in less than 30 minutes. Moreover, we used BubbleGunon a pangenome from 10 Myxococcus xanthus strains, detecting all bubble chains which covered the entire graph in less than 20 seconds.
BubbleGun is available and documented at https://github.molgen.mpg.de/fdabbagh/bubble_gun under MIT license.
Contradicted by the Brain: Predicting Individual and Group Preferences via Brain-Computer Interfacing
Creators: name: Davis, Keith M.
name: Spapé, Michiel
name: Ruotsalo, Tuukka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate inferring individual preferences and the contradiction of individual preferences with group preferences through direct measurement of the brain. We report an experiment where brain activity collected from 31 participants produced in response to viewing images is associated with their self-reported preferences. First, we show that brain responses present a graded response to preferences, and that brain responses alone can be used to train classifiers that reliably estimate preferences. Second, we show that brain responses reveal additional preference information that correlates with group preference, even when participants self-reported having no such preference. Our analysis of brain responses carries significant implications for researchers in general, as it suggests an individual's explicit preferences are not always aligned with the preferences inferred from their brain responses. These findings call into question the reliability of explicit and behavioral signals. They also imply that additional, multimodal sources of information may be necessary to infer reliable preference information.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, published in TAFFC. IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing (2022)
Unravelling the transcriptome landscape of African Burkitt’s lymphoma patients
Creators: name: Doughan, Albert
name: Salifu, Samson Pandam
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an important hematological malignancy of global health concern. The pattern and distribution of diagnosed BL vary depending on age, sex, geography and ethnicity. Several mutations in MYC genes have been implicated in the molecular etiology of the disease. All types of BL are characterized by deregulation of the c-MYC gene by chromosomal translocations
Surveying the Whirlpool at Arcseconds with NOEMA (SWAN)- I. Mapping the HCN and N$_2$H$^+$ 3mm lines
Creators: name: Stuber, Sophia K.
name: Pety, Jerome
name: Schinnerer, Eva
name: Bigiel, Frank
name: Usero, Antonio
name: Beslić, Ivana
name: Querejeta, Miguel
name: Jiménez-Donaire, María J.
name: Leroy, Adam
name: Brok, Jakob den
name: Neumann, Lukas
name: Eibensteiner, Cosima
name: Teng, Yu-Hsuan
name: Barnes, Ashley
name: Chevance, Mélanie
name: Colombo, Dario
name: Dale, Daniel A.
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Liu, Daizhong
name: Pan, Hsi-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results from "Surveying the Whirlpool at Arcseconds with NOEMA" (SWAN), an IRAM Northern Extended Millimetre Array (NOEMA)+30m large program that maps emission from several molecular lines at 90 and 110 GHz in the iconic nearby grand-design spiral galaxy M~51 at cloud-scale resolution ($\sim$3\arcsec=125\,pc). As part of this work, we have obtained the first sensitive cloud-scale map of N$_2$H$^+$(1-0) of the inner $\sim5\,\times 7\,$kpc of a normal star-forming galaxy, which we compare to HCN(1-0) and CO(1-0) emission to test their ability in tracing dense, star-forming gas. The average N$_2$H$^+$-to-HCN line ratio of our total FoV is $0.20\pm0.09$, with strong regional variations of a factor of $\gtrsim 2$ throughout the disk, including the south-western spiral arm and the center. The central $\sim1\,$kpc exhibits elevated HCN emission compared to N$_2$H$^+$, probably caused by AGN-driven excitation effects. We find that HCN and N$_2$H$^+$ are strongly super-linearily correlated in intensity ($ρ_\mathrm{Sp}\sim 0.8$), with an average scatter of $\sim0.14\,$dex over a span of $\gtrsim 1.5\,$dex in intensity. When excluding the central region, the data is best described by a power-law of exponent $1.2$, indicating that there is more N$_2$H$^+$ per unit HCN in brighter regions. Our observations demonstrate that the HCN-to-CO line ratio is a sensitive tracer of gas density in agreement with findings of recent Galactic studies which utilize N$_2$H$^+$. The peculiar line ratios present near the AGN and the scatter of the power-law fit in the disk suggest that in addition to a first-order correlation with gas density, second-order physics (such as optical depth, gas temperature) or chemistry (abundance variations) are encoded in the N$_2$H$^+$/CO, HCN/CO and N$_2$H$^+$/HCN ratios.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 6 pages, 3 figures (+ Appendix 4 pages, 2 figures)
On the Temperature Dependence of the Lifetime of Thermally Isolated Metastable Clusters
Creators: name: Openov, L. A.
name: Lobanov, D. A.
name: Podlivaev, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of the lifetime of the thermally isolated metastable N8 cubane up to its decay into N2 molecules has been calculated by the molecular dynamics method. It has been demonstrated that this dependence significantly deviates from the Arrhenius law. The applicability of the finite heat bath theory to the description of thermally isolated atomic clusters has been proved using statistical analysis of the results obtained.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Lattice-form dependent orbital shape and charge disproportionation in charge- and orbital-ordered manganites
Creators: name: Okuyama, D.
name: Tokunaga, Y.
name: Kumai, R.
name: Taguchi, Y.
name: Arima, T.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital shapes and charge disproportionations at nominal Mn$^{3+}$ and Mn$^{4+}$ sites for the charge- and orbital-ordered phases have been studied on half-doped manganites Pr(Sr$_{0.1}$Ca$_{0.9}$)$_2$Mn$_2$O$_7$ and Eu$_{0.5}$Ca$_{1.5}$MnO$_4$ with double-layer and single-layer Mn-O networks, respectively, by means of x-ray structural analyses, in comparison with Pr$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$ with the pseudo cubic network. In a single-layer Eu$_{0.5}$Ca$_{1.5}$MnO$_4$ system, the ($y^2-z^2$)/($z^2-x^2$)-type orbital shape is observed, while the ($3y^2-r^2$)/($3x^2-r^2$)-type orbital shape in a pseudo cubic Pr$_{0.5}$Ca$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$ system. In a double-layer Pr(Sr$_{0.1}$Ca$_{0.9}$)$_2$Mn$_2$O$_7$ system, the orbital shape is found to undergo a large change upon thermally induced rotation of orbital stripe. Furthermore, clear charge disproportionation is observed for the pseudo cubic and double-layer systems, while not in the single-layer system. These results indicate that the orbital shape and charge disproportionation are sensitive to the dimension of Mn-O network.
description: 12 page, 5 figures, 11 tables
Analysis of the magnetic response of the edge-sharing chain cuprate Li$_2$CuO$_2$ within TMRG
Creators: name: Plekhanov, Evgeny
name: Avella, Adolfo
name: Mancini, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely accepted that the low-energy physics in edge-sharing cuprate materials has one-dimensional (1D) character. The relevant model to study such systems is believed to be the 1D extended Heisenberg model with ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor (NN) interaction and antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor one. Thus far, however, theoretical studies of such materials have been confined to the case of isotropic interactions. In the present work, we compare the spin susceptibility of the 1D extended Heisenberg model with anisotropy in the NN channel, obtained by means of the Transfer Matrix Renormalization Group method, with that of the edge-sharing chain cuprate Li$_2$CuO$_2$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Cannabis and alcohol abuse : subtle cognitive effects
Creators: name: Minehan, Damien
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The use of both alcohol and cannabis is prevalent in Australian society. An increasing body of research exists, which raises the possibility that certain types of drug taking behaviours related to these substances may be linked to subtle lasting decrements in a variety of cognitive processes. Event Related Potentials (ERPs) represent a highly sensitive and non invasive tool to assess the processes underlying attention and information processing. Of particular interest are the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) and P300 components of the ERP which have been used to reveal deficits related to long-term cannabis use and binge alcohol drinking. Evaluation of the current body of research allows the conclusion that the use of these drugs in combination, a common behaviour, may cause additive and synergistic deficits in cognitive functioning.
Machine learning applications in astrophysics: Photometric redshift estimation
Creators: name: Soo, John Y. H.
name: Alshuaili, Ishaq Y. K.
name: Pathi, Imdad Mahmud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning has rose to become an important research tool in the past decade, its application has been expanded to almost if not all disciplines known to mankind. Particularly, the use of machine learning in astrophysics research had a humble beginning in the early 1980s, it has rose and become widely used in many sub-fields today, driven by the vast availability of free astronomical data online. In this short review, we narrow our discussion to a single topic in astrophysics - the estimation of photometric redshifts of galaxies and quasars, where we discuss its background, significance, and how machine learning has been used to improve its estimation methods in the past 20 years. We also show examples of some recent machine learning photometric redshift work done in Malaysia, affirming that machine learning is a viable and easy way a developing nation can contribute towards general research in astronomy and astrophysics.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, published in the proceedings of the First International Conference on Computational Science and Data Analytics (COMDATA), 21-24 November 2021, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Directed Acyclic Graph Based Blockchain Systems
Creators: name: Devarajan, Anand
name: Karabulut, Erkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchain technology has been revolutionizing many fields since last decade. Its true potential is not practically utilized yet. In a very short period of time, it has evolved twice - Smart contracts and Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG). DAG based blockchains currently referred to as Blockchain 3.0 solves many issues in the current conventional blockchain technologies including transaction fees, transaction approval times and scalability. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of blockchain implementations based on DAG including IOTA, NxT, Byteball, Nano, DAGCoin, Fantom, XDAG and Caixapay. We discuss limitations of both conventional and DAG based blockchains and suggest when to prefer DAG based blockchains.
description: This is a technical report created as a result of Advanced Seminar Course (IN 2107) at the Technical University of Munich. The report is not peer-reviewed. First publication date is June 2020
Eye of the harbour seal, Phoca vitulina
Creators: name: Jamieson, Glen Stewart
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The structural and functional organization of the pinniped eye, as represented by the harbour seal, Phoca vitulina, is much more complex than previously realized. The retina of the harbour seal is similar to that of the harp seal, in that it shows little zonation of the inner nuclear layer, possesses large horizontal cells, and has similar nuclear densities within the different retinal layers throughout the retina. The outer nuclear layer is the thickest of all the retinal layers. Photoreceptor cells of types B and C were observed with a ratio of roughly 1:23 respectively. This ratio and photoreceptor density along with a well-developed and extensive tapetum, indicates a highly light-sensitive retina. The existence of retinal folding in marine mammals is also questioned and discussed. Refractive observations obtained through retinoscopy show that the harbour seal eye is very myopic and astigmatic in air, and hypermetropic with no discernable astigmatism in water. The axis of least corneal curvature is horizontal; current theories predict that the stenopeic pupil would thus correct for astigmatism in air. The functional significance of the astigmatism, which is in the order of 7 to 13 diopters, has not been adequately determined to date, however. These observations are in agreement with those recently reported for the harp seal. Behavioural studies have also confirmed the high sensitivity of the harbour seal eye to light, as suggested by the histological observations. Two captive harbour seals were trained to select a two-bar pattern over a one-bar pattern in both air and water, discriminating for the presence of a gap. Their abilities to carry out this task were measured as the gap in the two-bar pattern was gradually reduced in size. The light intensity of the white parts of the stimulus cards was 284-369 candela/m² . Under these conditions, the harbor seal can detect a gap as small as 1 mm at a distance of 1.7 m in both air and water. These studies fail to provide values of the visual acuity of the harbour seal in the strict sense, however, owing to the physics of the pattern utilized. Rather, they indicate a measure of the absolute sensitivity of the eye to light.
Is the Scaling of Supersonic Turbulence Universal?
Creators: name: Schmidt, Wolfram
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Klessen, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical properties of turbulence are considered to be universal at sufficiently small length scales, i. e., independent of boundary conditions and large-scale forces acting on the fluid. Analyzing data from numerical simulations of supersonic turbulent flow driven by external forcing, we demonstrate that this is not generally true for the two-point velocity statistics of compressible turbulence. However, a reformulation of the refined similarity hypothesis in terms of the mass-weighted velocity rho^(1/3)v yields scaling laws that are almost insensitive to the forcing. The results imply that the most intermittent dissipative structures are shocks closely following the scaling of Burgers turbulence.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication by Phys. Rev. Lett
Insomnia related sleep disturbances and depression : a case study approach
Creators: name: Minehan, PH
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Insomnia, the most prevalent sleep complaint, is a common symptom of depression, as well as constituting a 'primary' diagnosis. Controversy remains about whether insomnia should be regarded as 'secondary' when co-occurring with depression, given that insomnia often occurs prior to other symptoms. This study investigated the extent to which insomnia is considered secondary to unipolar forms of depression using a qualitative case study approach to allow for individual differences and to address the phenomenology associated with these conditions. Seven participants (six with self-reported insomnia, four of whom had also been diagnosed with depression, and one suffering from depression only) were interviewed in a semi-structured format and asked to describe their experiences in terms of symptom onset and impact, and their thoughts about the nature of the relationship between insomnia and depression. The participants with both conditions mostly considered insomnia and depression to be independent, despite commonly experiencing insomnia alongside core depressive symptoms. They all had insomnia prior to depression, and they considered insomnia to be 'primary' rather than 'secondary'. Five out of six participants with insomnia reported having an overactive mind when attempting to sleep. Those with only insomnia potentially differed from other participants due to the content of their thoughts and the presence of factors in their life that may be protective in terms of developing depression. Despite experiencing negative and overactive thoughts, the participant with depression, but not insomnia, attributed having an active working life to avoiding insomnia. Further research investigating the complex interplay between life circumstances (risk and protective factors), the content of overactive cognitions, and endogenous versus reactive forms of depression, would be beneficial to better understand the nature of the relationship between insomnia and depression.
Comparison of Quasi-Geostrophic, Hybrid and 3D models of planetary core convection
Creators: name: Barrois, Olivier
name: Gastine, Thomas
name: Finlay, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present investigations of rapidly-rotating convection in a thick spherical shell geometry relevant to planetary cores, comparing results from Quasi-Geostrophic, 3D and hybrid QG-3D models. The 170 reported calculations span Ekman numbers, $Ek$, between $10^{-4}$ and $10^{-10}$, Rayleigh numbers, $Ra$, between $2$ and $150$ times supercritical, and Prandtl numbers, $Pr$, between $10$ and $10^{-2}$. In general, we find convection is dominated by zonal jets at mid-depths in the shell, with thermal Rossby waves prominent close to the outer boundary when the driving is weaker. For the specific geometry studied here the hybrid method is best suited for studying convection at modest forcing, $Ra \leq 10 \, Ra_c$ when $Pr=1$, and departs from the 3D model results at higher $Ra$, displaying systematically lower heat transport. We find that the lack of equatorially anti-symmetric and $z$-correlations between temperature and velocity in the buoyancy force contributes to the weaker flows in the hybrid formulation. On the other hand, the QG models yield broadly similar results to the 3D models, for the specific range of parameters explored here. We cannot point to major disagreements between these two datasets at $Pr \geq 0.1$, although the QG model is effectively more strongly driven than the hybrid case. When $Pr$ is decreased, the range of agreement between the Hybrid and 3D models expands, indicating the hybrid method may be better suited to study convection in the regime $Pr \ll 1$. Previously proposed scaling laws for rapidly-rotating convection are retrieved: our simulations are overall well described by a triple balance between Coriolis, inertia and Archimedean forces with the length-scale of the convection following the diffusion-free Rhines-scaling.
description: Geophysical Journal International publication; Earth core; Thermal convection; Quasi-geostrophic flows; 29 pages; 15 figures
Role of axial-vector mesons near the chiral phase transition
Creators: name: Sasaki, C.
name: Harada, M.
name: Weise, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of the vector--axial-vector mixing (V-A mixing) in the current correlation functions and its evolution with temperature within an effective field theory. The $a_1$-$ρ$-$π$ coupling vanishes at the critical temperature $T_c$ and thus the V-A mixing also vanishes. A remarkable observation is that even for finite $m_π$ the $ρ$ and $a_1$ meson masses are almost degenerate at $T_c$. The vanishing V-A mixing at $T_c$ stays approximately intact.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures; to appear in the proceedings of 18th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC08), Eilat, Israel, November 9-14 2008
Master of Fine Arts submission
Creators: name: Morrell, Deborah Leigh
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The nature of human experience and the acquisition of knowledge through that experience is not just a process of the mind, but is also that of the body. We perceive the world through the relationship of mind and body, transforming physical sensations into knowledge. This shift from the physical to the metaphysical is central to the concerns I wish to address in my work. In doing so I will attempt to develop a correspondence between internal structures (structures of consciousness, conventions of perception, systems of belief, as well as activities of thought and feeling) and external structures, those of physical experience in relation to architectural space. By doing so I will address the concept of the self and its relationship to the external world, therefore questioning the nature of reality. Through installation and architectural structures, I will attempt to explore the above concerns by using architectural space as a metaphor for the internal structures of the self.1 By using physical enclosures, I aim to heighten the awareness of how we perceive the spatial and temporal continuum of experience, and how the body is integral to this experience, expanding our perception of objects and space. Through the physicality of the sculptural form, I wish to address the notion of spatial presence in relation to memory. Primarily I will be dealing with body memory; that which alludes to memory that is intrinsic to the body; how we remember in and by and through the body (a felt memory). In dealing with the above, I aim to transform the viewer's understanding of space, physically, psychologically and aesthetically by dealing primarily with perceptual content - where the work addresses not just vision but the viewer's whole physical being. I therefore propose to continue working within the architectural enclosure as a means of expressing the human condition.
Additional file 1 of Dietary factors and risk of mortality among patients with esophageal cancer: a systematic review
Creators: name: Sun, Li-Ping
name: Yan, Lu-Bin
name: Liu, Zhen-Zhen
name: Zhao, Wen-Jing
name: Zhang, Cai-Xia
name: Chen, Yu-Min
name: Lao, Xiang Qian
name: Liu, Xudong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Summary of sensitivity analyses of alcohol consumption and mortality among (a) EC (b) ESCC (c) EAC. Abbreviation: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; EC, esophageal cancer; EAC, esophageal adenocarcinoma; ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Jan Perszon, Ecclesia semper reformanda? Kolegialność Kościoła w posoborowej eklezjologii amerykańskiej, (Scripta Theologica Thoruniensia 10), Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń 2009, ss. 475
Creators: name: Nowicki, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny
Year: 2020

description: Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny, Vol 19 No 1 (2011)
J/ψand Upsilon at high temperature
Creators: name: Narodetskii, I. M.
name: Simonov, Yu. A.
name: Veselov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the screened Coulomb potential with $r$-dependent coupling constant and the non--perturbative quark--antiquark potential derived within Field Correlator Method (FCM) to calculate $J/ψ$ and $Υ$ binding energies and melting temperatures in the deconfined phase of quark-gluon plasma.
description: Summary of talks given at the 14th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics, August 19-25, 2009, MSU, Moscow, at Session of RAS Nuclear Physics Department, November 23-27, 2009, ITEP, and at XIII International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy, November 29 - December 4, 2009, FSU, Tallahassee, USA
High‐affinity iron uptake is required for optimal Epichloë festucae colonization of Lolium perenne and seed transmission
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Forester, Tash
name: Applegate, Emma
name: Liu, Xinqi (Leo)
name: Johnson, Linda
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3107
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3108
subject: Plant biology
classificationCode: 3004
subject: Crop and pasture production

description: Epichloë festucae uses a siderophore-mediated system to acquire iron, which is important to maintain endophyte–grass symbioses. Here we investigate the roles of the alternative iron acquisition system, reductive iron assimilation (RIA), via disruption of the fetC gene, which encodes a multicopper ferroxidase, either alone (i.e., ΔfetC) or in combination with disruption of the gene sidA, which encodes a siderophore biosynthesis enzyme (i.e., ΔfetC/ΔsidA). The phenotypic characteristics of these mutants were compared to ΔsidA and wild-type (WT) strains during growth under axenic culture conditions (in culture) and in symbiosis with the host grass, perennial ryegrass (in planta). Under iron deficiency, the colony growth rate of ΔfetC was slightly slower than that of WT, while the growth of ΔsidA and ΔfetC/ΔsidA mutants was severely suppressed. Siderophore analyses indicated that ΔfetC mutants hyperaccumulate ferriepichloënin A (FEA) at low iron concentrations and ferricrocin and FEA at higher iron concentrations. When compared to WT, all mutant strains displayed hyperbranching hyphal structures and a reduced ratio of Epichloë DNA to total DNA in planta. Furthermore, host colonization and vertical transmission through infection of the host seed were significantly reduced in the ΔfetC/ΔsidA mutants, confirming that high-affinity iron uptake is a critical process for Epichloë transmission. Thus, RIA and siderophore iron uptake are complementary systems required for the maintenance of iron metabolism, fungal growth, and symbiosis between E. festucae and perennial ryegrass.