cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Palhinhaea lugubris B. Øllg., Nordic J. Bot.
Creators: name: Øllgaard, Benjamin
name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiales
Lycopodiaceae
Palhinhaea
Palhinhaea lugubris

description: Palhinhaea lugubris B.Øllg., Nordic J. Bot. 33: 188. 2014. (Fig. 6B)
 Range: —Endemic to Bolivia (CO, LP).
 Ecology: —Uncommon; montane forests; 2400–3600 m.
 Notes: —Specimens of this species were earlier usually referred to P. pendulina, from which it differs by the longweeping growth habit, slender branchlets, and hairy stems.
description: Published as part of Øllgaard, Benjamin, Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2018, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. II. Lycopodiaceae, pp. 255-294 in Phytotaxa 334 (3) on page 266, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.334.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/13720886
Anderson localization effects near the Mott metal-insulator transition
Creators: name: Braganca, Helena
name: Aguiar, M. C. O.
name: Vucicevic, J.
name: Tanaskovic, D.
name: Dobrosavljevic, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between Mott and Anderson routes to localization in disordered interacting systems gives rise to different transitions and transport regimes. Here, we investigate the phase diagram at finite temperatures using dynamical mean field theory combined with typical medium theory, which is an effective theory of the Mott-Anderson metal-insulator transition. We mainly focus on the properties of the coexistence region associated with the Mott phase transition. For weak disorder, the coexistence region is found to be similar as in the clean case. However, as we increase disorder Anderson localization effects are responsible for shrinking the coexistence region and at sufficiently strong disorder (approximately equal to twice the bare bandwidth) it drastically narrows, the critical temperature abruptly goes to zero, and we observe a phase transition in the absence of a coexistence of the metallic and insulating phases. In this regime, the effects of interaction and disorder are found to be of comparable importance for charge localization.
description: minor changes, 8 pages, 9 figures
The Graded Center of a Triangulated Category
Creators: name: Carlson, Jon F.
name: Webb, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 16G70, Secondary 18E30, 20C20

description: With applications in mind to the representations and cohomology of block algebras, we examine elements of the graded center of a triangulated category when the category has a Serre functor. These are natural transformations from the identity functor to powers of the shift functor that commute with the shift functor We show that such natural transformations which have support in a single shift orbit of indecomposable objects are necessarily of a kind previously constructed by Linckelmann. Under further conditions, when the support is contained in only finitely many shift orbits, sums of transformations of this special kind account for all possibilities. Allowing infinitely many shift orbits in the support, we construct elements of the graded center of the stable module category of a tame group algebra of a kind that cannot occur with wild block algebras. We use functorial methods extensively in the proof, developing some of this theory in the context of triangulated categories.
LIAISON: Tools for the Evaluation and Impact Assessment of Co-innovation
Creators: name: Macken-Walsh, Áine
name: Augustyn, Anna Maria
name: Bettoni, Maddalena
name: Puente, José María Díaz
name: Forde, Aoife
name: Home, Robert
name: Javornicky, Martin
name: Naughton, Anita
name: Quiédeville, Sylvain
name: Repede, Dana Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This Guide introduces a range of methods and tools that can be used for the evaluation and impact assessment of any project or
 other initiatives that involves groups working together for co-innovation. This Guide is suitable for anyone who wishes to evaluate, monitor, and improve an on-going co-innovation process, whether a formal project or more informal collaboration.
Palhinhaea reflexifolia B. Øllg., Nordic J. Bot.
Creators: name: Øllgaard, Benjamin
name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiales
Lycopodiaceae
Palhinhaea
Palhinhaea reflexifolia

description: Palhinhaea reflexifolia B.Øllg., Nordic J. Bot. 33: 190. 2014. (Fig. 7)
 Range: —Eastern Andean slopes from Ecuador to Bolivia (LP); lower montane forests; 750–1600 m.
 Ecology: —Uncommon; usually a pioneer on disturbed ground, landslides and roadbanks; 700–1600 m.
 Notes: —Often co-occurs with Palhinhaea cernua, from which it deviates by the rigid growth habit, and densely hairy main aerial axes with strongly reflexed leaves.
description: Published as part of Øllgaard, Benjamin, Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2018, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. II. Lycopodiaceae, pp. 255-294 in Phytotaxa 334 (3) on page 267, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.334.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/13720886
A Metallicity Recipe for Rocky Planets
Creators: name: Dawson, Rebekah I.
name: Chiang, Eugene
name: Lee, Eve J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planets with sizes between those of Earth and Neptune divide into two populations: purely rocky bodies whose atmospheres contribute negligibly to their sizes, and larger gas-enveloped planets possessing voluminous and optically thick atmospheres. We show that whether a planet forms rocky or gas-enveloped depends on the solid surface density of its parent disk. Assembly times for rocky cores are sensitive to disk solid surface density. Lower surface densities spawn smaller planetary embryos; to assemble a core of given mass, smaller embryos require more mergers between bodies farther apart and therefore exponentially longer formation times. Gas accretion simulations yield a rule of thumb that a rocky core must be at least 2$M_\oplus$ before it can acquire a volumetrically significant atmosphere from its parent nebula. In disks of low solid surface density, cores of such mass appear only after the gas disk has dissipated, and so remain purely rocky. Higher surface density disks breed massive cores more quickly, within the gas disk lifetime, and so produce gas-enveloped planets. We test model predictions against observations, using planet radius as an observational proxy for gas-to-rock content and host star metallicity as a proxy for disk solid surface density. Theory can explain the observation that metal-rich stars host predominantly gas-enveloped planets.
description: Submitted to MNRAS on April 22, 2015. Accepted July 15, 2015. In press
Beyond the EITC: The Effect of Reducing the Earned Income Tax Credit on Labor Force Participation
Creators: name: Graddy-Reed, Alexandra
name: Moulton, Jeremy G.
name: Lanahan, Lauren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: We examine variation in the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) program when households lose eligibility due to children aging out of the program. This change in eligibility offers a framework for assessing whether the aim of the program of increasing work incentives extends beyond the time recipients qualify for the EITC. We estimate the impact of reducing the EITC on mothers’ labor force participation using a combination of difference-in-differences and household fixed effects models, using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979. The results indicate that some of those who most likely qualify for the EITC (unmarried, less educated mothers) leave the workforce when they lose the benefit.
The effects of natural structure on estimated tropical cyclone surge extremes
Creators: name: Resio, Donald T.
name: Irish, Jennifer L.
name: Asher, Taylor G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Abstract The past 12 years have seen significant steps forward in the science and practice of coastal flood analysis. This paper aims to recount and critically assess these advances, while helping identify next steps for the field. This paper then focuses on a key problem, connecting the probabilistic characterization of flood hazards to their physical mechanisms. Our investigation into the effects of natural structure on the probabilities of storm surges shows that several different types of spatial-, temporal-, and process-related organizations affect key assumptions made in many of the methods used to estimate these probabilities. Following a brief introduction to general historical methods, we analyze the two joint probability methods used in most tropical cyclone hazard and risk studies today: the surface response function and Bayesian quadrature. A major difference between these two methods is that the response function creates continuous surfaces, which can be interpolated or extrapolated on a fine scale if necessary, and the Bayesian quadrature optimizes a set of probability masses, which cannot be directly interpolated or extrapolated. Several examples are given here showing significant impacts related to natural structure that should not be neglected in hazard and risk assessment for tropical cyclones including: (1) differences between omnidirectional sampling and directional-dependent sampling of storms in near coastal areas; (2) the impact of surge probability discontinuities on the treatment of epistemic uncertainty; (3) the ability to reduce aleatory uncertainty when sampling over larger spatial domains; and (4) the need to quantify trade-offs between aleatory and epistemic uncertainties in long-term stochastic sampling.
Flux sensitivity of quantum spin Hall rings
Creators: name: Crépin, François
name: Trauzettel, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the periodicity of persistent currents in quantum spin Hall loops, partly covered with an $s$-wave superconductor, in the presence of a flux tube. Much like in normal (non-helical) metals, the periodicity of the single-particle spectrum goes from $Φ_0 = h/e$ to $Φ_0/2$ as the length of the superconductor is increased past the coherence length of the superconductor. We further analyze the periodicity of the persistent current, which is a many-body effect. Interestingly, time reversal symmetry and parity conservation can significantly change the period. We find a $2Φ_0$-periodic persistent current in two distinct regimes, where one corresponds to a Josephson junction and the other one to an Aharonov-Bohm setup.
description: To appear in the special issue of Physica E, in memory of Markus B\"uttiker
title: Schemes of rational curves on Del Pezzo surfaces
Creators: name: das Dores, Lucas
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: The main objects of study in this thesis are schemes parametrizing morphisms from the projective line to projective varieties. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to understand properties obtained from the functor of points of this parameter space, such as the preservation of open an closed immersions of schemes. Furthermore, for any projective variety, there is a natural partition of these schemes on closed subschemes in terms of the degrees of the morphisms. In the second part of this thesis, we use the properties studied on the first part to find a natural partition of the scheme of morphisms from the projective line to the blow-up of projective spaces at finitely many points which refine the aforementioned partition. We fully characterize this refinement on the case of Del Pezzo surfaces obtained by blowing up the projective plane at up to eight points in general position. Moreover, we use this to characterize irreducible components parametrizing rational curves which are resolutions of singularities of plane curves via this blow-up and to compute their dimension.
Tectaria jimenezii M. Kessler & A. R. Sm., Brittonia
Creators: name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Tectariaceae
Tectaria
Tectaria jimenezii

description: Tectaria jimenezii M.Kessler & A.R.Sm., Brittonia 59(2): 195. 2007.
 Range:— Known only from Bolivia (BE, CO, LP), but range uncertain due to taxonomic uncertainty in this species group.
 Ecology: —Fairly common; terrestrial in humid forests; 700–1800 m.
 Notes: —This has sparse to moderately dense hairs ca. 0.1–0.2(1) mm long on both laminar surfaces.
description: Published as part of Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2018, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXXVIII. Tectariaceae, pp. 248-254 in Phytotaxa 334 (3) on page 251, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.334.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13720948
Clerodane diterpenes: sources, structures, and biological activities
Creators: name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
name: Li, Rongtao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The clerodane diterpenoids are a widespread class of secondary metabolites and have been found in several hundreds of plant species from various families and in organisms from other taxonomic groups.
Bimodality of circumstellar disk evolution induced by Hall current
Creators: name: Tsukamoto, Y.
name: Iwasaki, K.
name: Okuzumi, S.
name: Machida, M. N.
name: Inutsuka, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation process of circumstellar disks is still controversial because of the interplay of complex physical processes that occurs during the gravitational collapse of prestellar cores. In this study, we investigate the effect of the Hall current term on the formation of the circumstellar disk using three- dimensional simulations. In our simulations, all non-ideal effects as well as the radiation transfer are considered. The size of the disk is significantly affected by a simple difference in the inherent properties of the prestellar core, namely whether the rotation vector and the magnetic field are parallel or anti- parallel. In the former case, only a very small disk (< 1 AU) is formed. On the other hand, in the latter case, a massive and large (> 20 AU) disk is formed in the early phase of protostar formation. Since the parallel and anti-parallel properties do not readily change, we expect that the parallel and anti-parallel properties are also important in the subsequent disk evolution and the difference between the two cases is maintained or enhanced. This result suggests that the disk size distribution of the Class 0 young stellar objects is bimodal. Thus, the disk evolution can be categorized into two cases and we may call the parallel and anti-parallel systems as Ortho-disk and Para-disk, respectively. We also show that the anti-rotating envelopes against the disk-rotation appear with a size of 200 AU. We predict that the anti-rotating envelope will be found in the future observations.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Allosteric nanobodies reveal the dynamic range and diverse mechanisms of G-protein-coupled receptor activation
Creators: name: Lefkowitz, Robert J.
name: Wingler, Laura M.
name: Kruse, Andrew C.
name: Ahn, Seungkirl
name: Pani, Biswaranjan
name: Manglik, Aashish
name: Prosser, R. Scott
name: Strachan, Ryan T.
name: Kim, Tae Hun
name: Staus, Dean P.
name: Chatterjee, Arnab
name: Kahsai, Alem W.
name: Weis, William I.
name: Masoudi, Ali
name: Pardon, Els
name: Costa, Tommaso
name: Kobilka, Brian K.
name: Steyaert, Jan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) modulate many physiological processes by transducing a variety of extracellular cues into intracellular responses. Ligand binding to an extracellular orthosteric pocket propagates conformational change to the receptor cytosolic region to promote binding and activation of downstream signaling effectors such as G proteins and β-arrestins. It is widely appreciated that different agonists can share the same binding pocket but evoke unique receptor conformations leading to a wide range of downstream responses (i.e., ‘efficacy’)1. Furthermore, mounting biophysical evidence, primarily using the β-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) as a model system, supports the existence of multiple active and inactive conformational states2–5. However, how agonists with varying efficacy modulate these receptor states to initiate cellular responses is not well understood. Here we report stabilization of two distinct β2AR conformations using single domain camelid antibodies (nanobodies): a previously described positive allosteric nanobody (Nb80) and a newly identified negative allosteric nanobody (Nb60)6,7. We show that Nb60 stabilizes a previously unappreciated low affinity receptor state which corresponds to one of two inactive receptor conformations as delineated by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. We find that the agonist isoproterenol has a 15,000-fold higher affinity for the β2AR in the presence of Nb80 compared to Nb60, highlighting the full allosteric range of a GPCR. Assessing the binding of 17 ligands of varying efficacy to the β2AR in the absence and presence of Nb60 or Nb80 reveals large ligand-specific effects that can only be explained using an allosteric model which assumes equilibrium amongst at least three receptor states. Agonists generally exert efficacy by stabilizing the active Nb80-stabilized receptor state (R80). In contrast, for a number of partial agonists, both stabilization of R80 and destabilization of the inactive, Nb60-bound state (R60) contribute to their ability to modulate receptor activation. These data demonstrate that ligands can initiate a wide range of cellular responses by differentially stabilizing multiple receptor states.
Existence of continuous functions that are one-to-one almost everywhere
Creators: name: Izzo, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 54C30, Secondary 26E99, 46E30, 54E40

description: It is shown that given a metric space $X$ and a $σ$-finite positive regular Borel measure $μ$ on $X$, there exists a bounded continuous real-valued function on $X$ that is one-to-one on the complement of a set of $μ$ measure zero.
Virtual process for evaluating the influence of real combined module variations on the overall performance of an aircraft engine
Creators: name: Goeing, Jan
name: Seehausen, Hendrik
name: Stania, Lennart
name: Nuebel, Nicolas
name: Salomon, Julian
name: Ignatidis, Panagiotis
name: Dinkelacker, Friedrich
name: Beer, Michael
name: Berend, Berend
name: Seume, Joerg
name: Friedrichs, Jens
Publisher: name: [Zug] : GPPS
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: AI
subject: aircraft engine
subject: CFD
subject: maintenance repair and overhaul (MRO)
subject: performance simulation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The effects of real combined variances in components and modules of aero engines, due to production tolerances or deterioration, on the performance of an aircraft engine are analysed in a knowledge-based process. For this purpose, an aero-thermodynamic virtual evaluation process that combines physical and probabilistic models to determine the sensitivities in the local module aerodynamics and the global overall performance is developed. Therefore, an automatic process that digitises, parameterises, reconstructs and analyses the geometry automatically using the example of a real turbofan high-pressure turbine blade is developed. The influence on the local aerodynamics of the reconstructed blade is investigated via a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The results of the high-pressure turbine (HPT) CFD as well as of a Gas-Path-Analysis for further modules, such as the com-pressors and the low-pressure turbine, are transferred into a simulation of the performance of the whole aircraft engine to evaluate the overall performance. All results are used to train, validate and test several deep learning architectures. These metamodels are utilised for a global sensitivity analysis that is able to evaluate the sensitivities and interactions. On the one hand, the results show that the aerodynamics (especially the efficiency ηHPT and capacity _mHPT)are particularly driven by the variation of the stagger angle. On the other hand, ηHPT is significantly related to exhaust gas temperature (Tt5), while specific fuel consumption (SFC) and mass flow _mHPT are related to HPC exit temperature (Tt3). However, it can be seen that the high-pressure compressor has the most significant impact on the overall performance. This novel knowledge-based approach can accurately determine the impact of component variances on overall performance and complement experience-based approaches.
Perspectives for gapped bilayer graphene polaritonics
Creators: name: De Liberato, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bilayer graphene is normally a semimetal with parabolic dispersion, but a tunable bandgap up to few hundreds meV can be opened by breaking the symmetry between the layers through an external potential. Ab-initio calculations show that the optical response around the bandgap is strongly dominated by bound excitons, whose characteristics and selection rules differ from the usual excitons found in semiconductor quantum wells. In this work we study the physics of those excitons resonantly coupled to a photonic microcavity, assessing the possibility to reach the strong and the ultrastrong coupling regimes of light-matter interaction. We discover that both regimes are experimentally accessible, thus opening the way for a most promising technological platform, combining mid-infrared quantum polaritonics with the tunability and electronic features of graphene bilayers.
A Future for Venice? Report on the conference ‘A Future for Venice?’, organised by the Instituto Veneto di Szienze, Letteri ed Arti in Venice on 2 november 2006: considerations 40 years after the 1966 flood.
Creators: name: Offringa, Ben
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2010

description: tourismos, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010)
Tectaria lizarzaburui C. Chr., Index Filic., Suppl.
Creators: name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Tectariaceae
Tectaria
Tectaria lizarzaburui

description: Tectaria lizarzaburui (Sodiro) C.Chr., Index Filic., Suppl. 3, 181. 1934.
 Range: —Andes from Venezuela to Bolivia (CO, LP).
 Ecology: —Rare and local; terrestrial in humid forests; 1000–2000 m.
 Notes: —The Bolivian specimens are larger and more strongly divided than specimens from the northern Andes, and it is uncertain if they are conspecific with the type (from Colombia). Kessler 11443 (UC), cited by Smith et al. (1999) as first record of T. lizarzaburui for Bolivia, is here placed under T. pascoensis, but since then other specimens have been collected that are here assigned to this species. A hybrid involving T. lizarzaburui was described from Costa Rica by Rojas-Alvarado (2004).
description: Published as part of Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2018, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXXVIII. Tectariaceae, pp. 248-254 in Phytotaxa 334 (3) on page 251, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.334.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13720948
Distance to climate change consequences reduces willingness to engage in low-cost mitigation actions-Results from an experimental online study from Germany
Creators: name: Heinz, Nicolai
name: Koessler, Ann-Kathrin
name: Engel, Stefanie
Publisher: name: San Francisco, California, US : PLOS
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Climate Change; Germany; Humans; India; Policy
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Adverse consequences of climate change often affect people and places far away from those that have the greatest capacity for mitigation. Several correlational and some experimental studies suggest that the willingness to take mitigation actions may diminish with increasing distance. However, the empirical findings are ambiguous. In order to investigate if and how socio-spatial distance to climate change effects plays a role for the willingness to engage in mitigation actions, we conducted an online experiment with a German population sample (n = 383). We find that the willingness to sign a petition for climate protection was significantly reduced when a person in India with a name of Indian origin was affected by flooding, as compared to a person in Germany with a name of German origin. Distance did not affect donating money to climate protection or approving of mitigation policies. Our results provide evidence for the existence of a negative effect of distance to climate change consequences on the willingness to engage in low-cost mitigation actions. Investigating explanations for such an effect, we find that it can be attributed to the spatial rather than the social dimension of distance. Moreover, we find some cautious evidence that people with strong racist attitudes react differently to the distance manipulations, suggesting a form of environmental racism that could also reduce mitigation action in the case of climate change.
Chromosome conformation elucidates regulatory relationships in developing human brain
Creators: name: Opland, Carli K.
name: Sutton, Gavin J.
name: Voineagu, Irina
name: Gandal, Michael J.
name: Eskin, Eleazar
name: Geschwind, Daniel H.
name: Lu, Daning
name: Stein, Jason L.
name: Huang, Jerry
name: Parikshak, Neelroop N.
name: De La Torre-Ubieta, Luis
name: Lee, Changhoon
name: Won, Hyejung
name: Hormozdiari, Farhad
name: Ernst, Jason
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Three-dimensional physical interactions within chromosomes dynamically regulate gene expression in a tissue-specific manner1–3. However, the 3D organization of chromosomes during human brain development and its role in regulating gene networks dysregulated in neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism or schizophrenia4–6, are unknown. Here we generate high-resolution 3D maps of chromatin contacts during human corticogenesis, permitting large-scale annotation of previously uncharacterized regulatory relationships relevant to the evolution of human cognition and disease. Our analyses identify hundreds of genes that physically interact with enhancers gained on the human, many of which are under purifying selection and associated with human cognitive function. We integrate chromatin contacts with non-coding variants identified in schizophrenia genome-wide association studies (GWAS), highlighting multiple new candidate schizophrenia risk genes and pathways, including transcription factors involved in neurogenesis, as well as cholinergic signalling, several of which are supported by independent expression quantitative trait loci and gene expression analyses. Genome editing in human neural progenitors suggests that one of these distal schizophrenia GWAS loci regulates FOXG1 expression, supporting its potential role as a novel schizophrenia risk gene. This work provides a framework for understanding the impact of non-coding regulatory elements on human brain development and the evolution of cognition, and highlights novel mechanisms underlying neuropsychiatric disorders.
Predicting the Excitation Dynamics in Lanthanide Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Spelthann, Simon
name: Thiem, Jonas
name: Melchert, Oliver
name: Komban, Rajesh
name: Gimmler, Christoph
name: Demicran, Ayhan
name: Ruehl, Axel
name: Ristau, Detlev
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: core/shell nanoparticles
subject: luminescence
subject: Monte Carlo simulations
subject: praseodymium
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: With their dipole-forbidden 4f transitions, lanthanides doped in nanoparticles promise high excited state lifetimes and quantum yields that are required for applications such as composite lasers or nanoscale quantum memories. Quenching at the nanoparticle surface, however, severely reduces the lifetime and quantum yield and requires resource-consuming experimental optimization that could not be replaced by simulations due to the limitations of existing approaches until now. Here, a versatile approach is presented that fully accounts for spatiotemporal dynamics and reliably predicts the lifetimes and quantum yields of lanthanide nanoparticles. LiYF4:Pr3+nanoparticles are synthesized as a model system, and the lifetimes of a concentration series (≈10 nm, 0.7−1.47 at%) are used to match the model parameters to the experimental conditions. Employing these parameters, the lifetimes and quantum yields of a size series (≈5 at%, 12−21 nm) are predicted with a maximum uncertainty of 12.6%. To demonstrate the potential of the model, a neutral shell is added around the core particles in the model which extends the lifetime by up to 44%. Furthermore, spatiotemporal analysis of single nanoparticles points toward a new type of energy trapping in lanthanide nanoparticles. Consequently, the numerical optimization brings applications such as efficient nanoparticle lasers or quantum memories within reach.
title: Junction design strategies in molecular electronics
Creators: name: Planje, Inco
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2021

description: The field of molecular electronics ultimately aims to develop electronic devices using single molecules as building blocks. To achieve this goal, a thorough understanding of the structure-property relationships in molecular architectures is crucial. The past few decades have seen an explosive number of studies in this emerging field, establishing a solid foundation for electronic interactions at the nanoscale. Despite this progress, the route to genuinely stable and reproducible devices still faces many challenges. This work contributes to tackling some of these challenges by studying the effects of manipulating components of a nanoscale junction on its electronic transport properties. Scanning tunnelling microscopy techniques are employed to fabricate junctions and measure the current through them. Firstly, the influence of junction design on electron transport is studied by inserting platinum or ruthenium metal atoms in the molecular bridge. These organometallic wires generally have a higher conductance than their organic counterparts due to a smaller gap between highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals. However, in the thioether induced midgap wires studied here, only the ruthenium wires show an increased conductance. This is a result of a stronger coupling between molecule and metal, and a better distribution of orbitals along the entire junction, which is not the case for the platinum wires. In the second part, one of the two metal electrodes is replaced by transparent indium tin oxide for future optoelectronic studies and applications. New anchoring groups for binding to this semiconductor electrode are designed and show promising results, including one group that only binds to this indium tin oxide electrode. Moderate rectification is also observed for these metal-molecule-semiconductor junctions. In the third and last part, three junction designs for studying complex effects in molecular structures are discussed. The first is a three-dimensional metal complex, designed to study supramolecular lateral effects, where the metal does not seem to participate in the transport pathway. The second contains a metallic anchoring group, which does not seem to be suitable for forming junctions using the dynamic scanning tunnelling microscopy break-junction technique. Finally, a molecular wire that is designed for optical switching shows a curious inverse correlation of conductance with applied bias voltage. The results presented here confirm yet again that there is a complex interplay between several key parameters, which together dictate the electrical behaviour of nanoscale junctions.
title: Radiation impact of collimation beam losses in the LHC and HL-LHC
Creators: name: Skordis, Eleftherios
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: Beam dynamics and Monte Carlo beam-matter interaction simulations play a vital role in the design and performance assessment of high-energy proton and ion colliders. The collimation system of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is leading by example with its proven ability to protect and assure an unobstructed operation during the past years. This thesis aims to further develop the complex simulation chain involved in the study of the collimation related beam losses as well as to accurately estimate its predictive capabilities. An unprecedented benchmark against Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) measurements is presented with extensive analysis of particle showers and their origins. Furthermore, the proton losses during the Run 2 operational period (2015-2018) in the betatron cleaning insertion region are estimated. Predictions for upcoming High Luminosity-LHC (HL-LHC) are made utilising a new scaling method based on the integrated proton intensity. The new scaling method and the proton loss estimates for Run 2 are benchmarked against passive dosimeter measurements during the same years. In addition, the tools are then applied in order to quantify the radiation impact that beam losses have in the collimation system itself as well as in the normal and Super-Conducting (SC) magnets. The short term radiation effects concerning the collimator material robustness and the power deposited in the SC coils are examined. Lastly, the long-term degradation of organic (dose) and crystalline materials (DPA), found in the magnets and collimator absorber blocks, respectively, are presented for the HL-LHC lifetime.
QUALITY OF HOTELS WEBSITES – PROPOSAL FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
Creators: name: Rocha, Álvaro
name: Victor, José Avelino
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2010

description: In this article we propose a research whose main objective will be to reach a methodology for assessment, comparing and improving the quality of hotels Websites. The need for this methodology is justified by the fact that, so far, we haven´t identified any methodology that widely integrates and focus the technical quality and the content quality of the Websites.
description: tourismos, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2010)
Quantification of The Performance of CMIP6 Models for Dynamic Downscaling in The North Pacific and Northwest Pacific Oceans
Creators: name: Oh, Seok-Geun
name: Kim, Bong-Gwan
name: Cho, Yang-Ki
name: Son, Seok-Woo
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: CMIP6
subject: Dynamic downscaling
subject: Model performance
subject: North Pacific
subject: Northwest Pacific
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Selecting a reliable global climate model as the driving forcing in simulations with dynamic downscaling is critical for obtaining a reliable regional ocean climate. With respect to their accuracy in providing physical quantities and long-term trends, we quantify the performances of 17 models from the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) over the North Pacific (NP) and Northwest Pacific (NWP) oceans for 1979–2014. Based on normalized evaluation measures, each model’s performance for a physical quantity is mainly quantified by the performance score (PS), which ranges from 0 to 100. Overall, the CMIP6 models reasonably reproduce the physical quantities of the driving variables and the warming ocean heat content and temperature trends. However, their performances significantly depend on the variables and region analyzed. The EC-Earth-Veg and CNRM-CM6-1 models show the best performances for the NP and NWP oceans, respectively, with the highest PS values of 85.89 and 76.97, respectively. The EC-Earth3 model series are less sensitive to the driving variables in the NP ocean, as reflected in their PS. The model performance is significantly dependent on the driving variables in the NWP ocean. Nevertheless, providing a better physical quantity does not correlate with a better performance for trend. However, MRI-ESM2-0 model shows a high performance for the physical quantity in the NWP ocean with warming trends similar to references, and it could thus be used as an appropriate driving forcing in dynamic downscaling of this ocean. This study provides objective information for studies involving dynamic downscaling of the NP and NWP oceans.
The data for visualization and screenshots of mapped sRNAs in Alcanivorax dieselolei B-5
Creators: name: Wei, Guangshan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60503 Microbial Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: Marine Biology

description: These are the online data of sRNA profiling of A. dieselolei B5. The data include the virualization needed files in IGV (the wiggle coverage files, the fasta whole genome sequence and the gff genomic annotation file) and screenshots of the whole sRNAs' peak maps in IGV.
Tectaria pascoensis A. Rojas, Revista Biol. Trop.
Creators: name: Kessler, Michael
name: Smith, Alan R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Tectariaceae
Tectaria
Tectaria pascoensis

description: Tectaria pascoensis A.Rojas, Revista Biol. Trop. 49(2): 480. 2001.
 Range: — Peru and Bolivia (CO, LP).
 Ecology: —Rare, known from two Bolivian collections (Kessler 11443, LPB, UC; Kessler 13235, LPB, UC); terrestrial in humid montane forests; 1250–2400 m.
 Notes: —This is the largest species of Tectaria so far known in Bolivia, with an erect caudex, fronds attaining perhaps 2 m (specimens seen incomplete), petioles to nearly 1 cm wide, proximal pinna pair to ca. 50 × ca. 30 cm, lowermost lateral pinnae incised nearly to the costae, strongly decurrent, basiscopic lobe (pinnule) the longest, 25+ cm long, ca. 10 cm wide, incised to ca. 4/5 its width; costae, costules, and costulets abaxially with dense, short-glandular hairs ca. 0.1–0.15 mm, costae, costules, and veins adaxially glabrous; sori in two ± regular rows between main lateral veins of pinna lobes; indusia dark brown, round-reniform, ca. 1 mm diam., glabrous or nearly so. Perhaps most closely allied to T. lizarzaburui, although Rojas-Alvarado (2001) compared it to T. athyrioides (Baker) C.Chr., from Nicaragua to Panama.
description: Published as part of Kessler, Michael & Smith, Alan R., 2018, Prodromus of a fern flora for Bolivia. XXXVIII. Tectariaceae, pp. 248-254 in Phytotaxa 334 (3) on page 251, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.334.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13720948
DNA methylation on N6-adenine in mammalian embryonic stem cells
Creators: name: Lai, Yongquan
name: Lin, Kaixuan
name: Wu, Tao P.
name: Mackintosh, Samuel G.
name: Wang, Guilin
name: Byrum, Stephanie D.
name: Xiao, Andrew Z.
name: Zhong, Mei
name: Seetin, Matthew G.
name: Fang, Gang
name: Wang, Tao
name: Hon, Lawrence S.
name: Zhu, Shijia
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Tackett, Alan
name: Liu, Yifei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: It has been widely accepted that 5-methylcytosine is the only form of DNA methylation in mammalian genomes. Here we identify N6-methyladenine as another form of DNA modification in mouse embryonic stem cells. Alkbh1 encodes a demethylase for N6-methyladenine. An increase of N6-methyladenine levels in Alkbh1-deficient cells leads to transcriptional silencing. N6-methyladenine deposition is inversely correlated with the evolutionary age of LINE-1 transposons; its deposition is strongly enriched at young (<1.5 million years old) but not old (>6 million years old) L1 elements. The deposition of N6-methyladenine correlates with epigenetic silencing of such LINE-1 transposons, together with their neighbouring enhancers and genes, thereby resisting the gene activation signals during embryonic stem cell differentiation. As young full-length LINE-1 transposons are strongly enriched on the X chromosome, genes located on the X chromosome are also silenced. Thus, N6-methyladenine developed a new role in epigenetic silencing in mammalian evolution distinct from its role in gene activation in other organisms. Our results demonstrate that N6-methyladenine constitutes a crucial component of the epigenetic regulation repertoire in mammalian genomes.
Isotope-Guided Metabolomics Reveals Divergent Incorporation of Valine into Different Flavor Precursor Classes in Chives
Creators: name: Freke, Ricarda
name: Heinemann, Björn
name: Hakim, Samuel Edward
name: Witte, Claus‐Peter
name: Herde, Marco
name: Hildebrandt, Tatjana M.
name: Franke, Jakob
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Allium
subject: isoalliin
subject: isotope labeling
subject: propiin
subject: S-alk(en)yl cysteine sulfoxide
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Plants of the genus Allium such as chives, onions or garlic produce S-alk(en)yl cysteine sulfoxides as flavor precursors. Two major representatives are S-propenyl cysteine sulfoxide (isoalliin) and S-propyl cysteine sulfoxide (propiin), which only differ by a double bond in the C3 side chain. The propenyl group of isoalliin is derived from the amino acid valine, but the source of the propyl group of propiin remains unclear. Here, we present an untargeted metabolomics approach in seedlings of chives (Allium schoenoprasum) to track mass features containing sulfur and/or 13C from labeling experiments with valine-13C5 guided by their isotope signatures. Our data show that propiin and related propyl-bearing metabolites incorporate carbon derived from valine-13C5, but to a much lesser extent than isoalliin and related propenyl compounds. Our findings provide new insights into the biosynthetic pathways of flavor precursors in Allium species and open new avenues for future untargeted labeling experiments.
A High Kinetic Energy Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Operation at Higher Pressures of up to 60 mbar
Creators: name: Schlottmann, Florian
name: Schaefer, Christoph
name: Kirk, Ansgar T.
name: Bohnhorst, Alexander
name: Zimmermann, Stefan
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : ACS Publications
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Electric corona; Glow discharges; Hexane; Ionization; Ions
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: High Kinetic Energy Ion Mobility Spectrometers (HiKE-IMS) are usually operated at absolute pressures around 20 mbar in order to reach high reduced electric field strengths of up to 120 Td for influencing reaction kinetics in the reaction region. Such operating points significantly increase the linear range and limit chemical cross sensitivities. Furthermore, HiKE-IMS enables ionization of compounds normally not detectable in ambient pressure IMS, such as benzene, due to additional reaction pathways and fewer clustering reactions. However, operation at higher pressures promises increased sensitivity and smaller instrument size. In this work, we therefore study the theoretical requirements to prevent dielectric breakdown while maintaining high reduced electric field strengths at higher pressures. Furthermore, we experimentally investigate influences of the pressure, discharge currents and applied voltages on the corona ionization source. Based on these results, we present a HiKE-IMS that operates at a pressure of 60 mbar and reduced electric field strengths of up to 105 Td. The corona experiments show shark fin shaped curves for the total charge at the detector with a distinct optimum operating point in the glow discharge region at a corona discharge current of 5 μA. Here, the available charge is maximized while the generation of less-reactive ion species like NOx+ is minimized. With these settings, the reactant ion population, H3O+ and O2+, for ionizing and detecting nonpolar substances like n-hexane is still available even at 60 mbar, achieving a limit of detection of just 5 ppbV for n-hexane.
Emergent non-Fermi liquid at the quantum critical point of a topological phase transition in two dimensions
Creators: name: Isobe, Hiroki
name: Yang, Bohm-Jung
name: Chubukov, Andrey
name: Schmalian, Jörg
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of Coulomb interaction between 2D Weyl fermions with anisotropic dispersion which displays relativistic dynamics along one direction and Newtonian dynamics along the other. Such a dispersion can be realized in phosphorene under electric field or strain, in TiO$_2$/VO$_2$ superlattices, and, more generally, at the quantum critical point between a nodal semimetal and an insulator in systems with a chiral symmetry. Using the one-loop renormalization group approach in combination with the large-$N$ expansion, we find that the system displays interaction-driven non-Fermi liquid behavior in a wide range of intermediate frequencies and marginal Fermi liquid behavior at the smallest frequencies. In the non-Fermi liquid regime, the quasiparticle residue $Z$ at energy $E$ scales as $Z \propto E^a$ with $a >0$, and the parameters of the fermionic dispersion acquire anomalous dimensions. In the marginal Fermi-liquid regime, $Z \propto (|\log E|)^{-b}$ with universal $b = 3/2$.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures