cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Do EU direct payments to beef producers belong in the ‘blue box’?
Creators: name: McErlean, Seamus
name: Wu, Ziping
name: Moss, Joan E.
name: IJpelaar, Jos
name: Doherty, Andrew
name: McErlean, Seamus
name: Wu, Ziping
name: Moss, Joan E.
name: IJpelaar, Jos
name: Doherty, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: In the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture, so-called ‘blue box’ support measures were exempted from reduction commitments, provided they were delivered under ‘production-limiting’ programs. Although classified as ‘blue box’, the EU system of direct payments (DP) to beef farmers imposes ‘claim-limiting’ restrictions rather than ‘production-limiting’ restrictions, allowing farmers to keep additional animals over and above the number upon which they are eligible to claim DP. The present paper provides empirical evidence that EU direct payments capitalise into the market prices of male calves and young steers in Ireland. It is also likely that DP capitalises into the prices of beef cows and heifers. Given this capitalisation process, some farmers can obtain ‘capitalised’ DP on animals produced over and above the ‘claim-limiting’ restrictions, by selling these animals through auction markets. Thus, ‘capitalised’ DP probably encourages production over and above the limiting measures.
Chandra Spatially Resolved Spectroscopic Study and Multi-Wavelength Imaging of the Supernova Remnant 3C 397 (G41.1-0.3)
Creators: name: Safi-Harb, S.
name: Dubner, G.
name: Petre, R.
name: Holt, S. S.
name: Durouchoux, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present a Chandra observation of the supernova remnant (SNR) 3C 397 (G41.1-0.3) obtained with ACIS-S. Previous studies of this SNR have shown that it harbors a central X-ray `hot spot' suggestive of a compact object associated with 3C 397. With the Chandra data, we can rule out the nature of the hot spot as a pulsar or a pulsar wind nebula, and put an upper limit on the flux of a hidden compact object of F (0.5--10 keV)~6E-13 erg/cm2/s. We found two point sources in the Chandra field. We argue that none of them is associated with 3C 397; and that the hard source, CXO J190741.2+070650, is a newly discovered AGN. The Chandra image reveals arcseconds-scale clumps and knots which are strongly correlated with the radio VLA image, except for the X-ray hot spot. Our Chandra spatially resolved spectroscopic study shows that one-component models are inadequate, and that at least two non-equilibrium ionization thermal components are needed to fit the spectra of each selected region. The derived average spectral parameters are consistent with the previous global ASCA fits performed by Safi-Harb et al. (2000). However, the hard component requires a high abundance of Fe indicating the presence of hot Fe ejecta. When comparing the eastern with the western lobe, we find that the column density, the brightness, and the ionization timescales are generally higher for the western side. This result, combined with our study of the 3C397 environs at millimeter wavelengths, indicate a denser medium to the west of the SNR. Our multi-wavelength imaging and spectral study favors the scenario where 3C 397 is a ~5,300-year old SNR expanding in a medium with a marked density gradient, and which is likely to be encountering a molecular cloud on the western side. We propose that 3C 397 will evolve into a mixed-morphology SNR.
description: 43 pages (including 19 figures & 6 tables; the resolution of most figures has been reduced for astro-ph submission only). The tex uses the aastex.cls style file. Minor revisions (mainly formal) following the referee's report. Accepted 14 Sep 2004 for publication in ApJ. A gzipped postscript version of the paper with high-resolution images can be downloaded from: (http://aurora.physics.umanitoba.ca/~samar/ms-ssh-apj.ps.gz). Astrophysical Journal, in press. Scheduled fcr the 1 Jan. 2005 issue
The story of deregulation in the dairy industry
Creators: name: Edwards, Geoff W.
name: Edwards, Geoff W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The deregulation of dairy marketing that occurred on 1 July 2000 is a fascinating case study in microeconomic reform. The role of interacting industry and institutional features in the movement to deregulation is explained, with political realities being recognised. A key part of the deregulation bundle was an unprecedented “structural adjustment” package valued at about one and a half billion dollars (in 1998–1999). Questions are raised about the rationale for this package, the process of determining it and the means of funding it.
Measurement error, GLMs, and notational conventions
Creators: name: Hardin, James W.
name: Carroll, Raymond J.
name: Hardin, James W.
name: Carroll, Raymond J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: generalized linear models
subject: transportability
subject: measurement error

description: This paper introduces additive measurement error in a generalized linear-model context. We discuss the types of measurement error along with their effects on fitted models. In addition, we present the notational conventions to be used in this and the accompanying papers.
Non-twist tori in conformally symplectic systems
Creators: name: Calleja, Renato
name: Canadell, Marta
name: Haro, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipative mechanical systems on the torus with a friction that is proportional to the velocity are modeled by conformally symplectic maps on the annulus, which are maps that transport the symplectic form into a multiple of itself (with a conformal factor smaller than 1). It is important to understand the structure and the dynamics on the attractors. With the aid of parameters, and under suitable non-degeneracy conditions, one can obtain that, by adjusting parameters, there is an attractor that is an invariant torus whose internal dynamics is conjugate to a rotation [CCdlL13]. By analogy with symplectic dynamics, there have been some debate in establishing appropriate definitions for twist and non-twist invariant tori (or systems). The purpose of this paper is two-fold: (a) to establish proper definitions of twist and non-twist invariant tori in families of conformally symplectic systems; (b) to derive algorithms of computation of non-twist invariant tori. The last part of the paper is devoted to implementations of the algorithms, illustrating the definitions presented in this paper, and exploring the mechanisms of breakdown of non-twist tori. For the sake of simplicity we have considered here 2D systems, i.e. defined in the 2D annulus, but generalization to higher dimensions is straightforward.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Relativistic-Newtonian correspondence of the zero-pressure but weakly nonlinear cosmology
Creators: name: Noh, H.
name: Hwang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that couplings occur among the scalar-, vector-, and tensor-type perturbations of Friedmann world model in the second perturbational order. Here, we prove that, except for the gravitational wave contribution, the relativistic zero-pressure irrotational fluid perturbed to second order in a flat Friedmann background coincides exactly with the Newtonian result. Since we include the cosmological constant, our results are relevant to currently favoured cosmology. As we prove that the Newtonian hydrodynamic equations are valid in all cosmological scales to the second order, our result has an important practical implication that one can now use the large-scale Newtonian numerical simulation more reliably even as the simulation scale approaches and even goes beyond the horizon. That is, our discovery shows that, in the zero-pressure case, except for the gravitational wave contribution, there are no relativistic correction terms even near and beyond the horizon to the second-order perturbation.
description: 5 pages, no figure
Implications of the US Farm Bill of 2002 for agricultural trade and trade negotiations
Creators: name: Sumner, Daniel A.
name: Sumner, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The US Farm Bill of 2002 is the latest in a 7-decade history of farm subsidy laws that transfer funds to farmers and regulate and subsidize production of selected commodities. Fruit, tree nut, ornamental and vegetable crops, hay and meats remain outside scope of main subsidy programs. The new law continues many innovations of the 1996 Act, such as removal of authority for annual land idling and crop price floors accompanied by government stockholding. Government payments remain the primary focus of commodity programs. The total amount of these payments are likely to remain similar to the amount paid in the period 1999–2001, but with some changes in the form of the programs. For example, allowing owners to update acreage and yield payment bases creates additional incentives for farmers to link current planting decisions to anticipated farm subsidies. Similarly, the new program that ties “counter-cyclical” payments to the price of a specific crop also has production stimulus. A new program, estimated to add about 5–10 per cent to marginal milk revenue for smaller farms, makes ‘deficiency’ payments to dairy farms when milk prices are low. Despite the new programs with added links to stimulating production, new USA programs stimulate production only marginally more than the subsidies of the 1999–2001 period, which were replaced. Furthermore, the USA has flexibility to avoid explicitly violating its WTO commitments. Nonetheless, this US Farm Bill of 2002 has curtailed the previous trends toward lower farm subsidies and smaller production stimuli, and the negative publicity surrounding it has made negotiating reductions of farm trade distortions more difficult.
Tarrare the Freak - Collaboration Process Blog
Creators: name: Purcell-Gates, Laura
Publisher: name: BathSPAdata
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 190404 Drama, Theatre and Performance Studies
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Tarrare the Freak is a project which negotiates a model of puppetry as a practice-based analytic to deepen understanding of ethical and historical issues within the medical humanities. The piece showcased at the Bristol Festival of Puppetry (Tobacco Factory Theatres, September 2015) and Suspense Festival, London (New Diorama Theatre, November 2015), and toured the UK in 2017 including a 3-week run at Wilton’s Music Hall, London.

This item contains a link to an online resource which shows process evidence in the form of a blog by the creative team in collaboration with pathologist Dr Alan Bates (University College London), disability scholar Professor David Turner (Swansea University), and Dr John Lee, Director of University of Bristol's intercalated BA in Medical Humanities programme.
Economics of Meat Production from the Springbuck in the Eastern Cape Karoo
Creators: name: Dlamini, Thula S.
name: Fraser, Gavin C.G.
name: Dlamini, Thula S.
name: Fraser, Gavin C.G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Game ranching
subject: Springbuck ranching
subject: meat production
subject: economic feasibility
subject: Monte Carlo simulation

description: The feasibility of springbuck based meat production in the EC Karoo was analysed through a stochastic budgeting model, while overtly taking cost and price risk into consideration. Monte Carlo simulation of a springbuck based meat production enterprise was used to quantify the risks that would be faced by springbuck ranchers. Springbuck ranching has been proven a viable alternative in the production of highly nutritious and healthy meat (venison) that is on high demand in European markets and more recently with a promising and growing local demand as well. The results indicate that in the Eastern Cape Karoo, springbuck ranching for meat production is a viable business. As the call for more environmentally friendlier rangelands utilisation economic systems intensifies, rangelands owners in the EC Karoo have a practicable option. At the very least, an alternative to broaden their incomes with springbuck based meat production exists.
Coexistence of bounded and unbounded motions in a bouncing ball model
Creators: name: Marò, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the model describing the vertical motion of a ball falling with constant acceleration on a wall and elastically reflected. The wall is supposed to move in the vertical direction according to a given periodic function $f$. We apply the Aubry-Mather theory to the generating function in order to prove the existence of bounded motions with prescribed mean time between the bounces. As the existence of unbounded motions is known, it is possible to find a class of functions $f$ that allow both bounded and unbounded motions.
Additional file 2 of The adaptive immune and immune checkpoint landscape of neoadjuvant treated esophageal adenocarcinoma using digital pathology quantitation
Creators: name: Humphries, Matthew P.
name: Craig, Stephanie G.
name: Kacprzyk, Rafal
name: Fisher, Natalie C.
name: Bingham, Victoria
name: McQuaid, Stephen
name: Murray, Graeme I.
name: McManus, Damian
name: Turkington, Richard C.
name: James, Jacqueline
name: Salto-Tellez, Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. R.O.C Cut Offs.
Dynamics of three vortices on a plane and a sphere -- III. Noncompact case. Problems of collaps and scattering
Creators: name: Borisov, A. V.
name: Lebedev, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we considered the integrable problems of three vortices on a plane and sphere for noncompact case. We investigated explicitly the problems of a collapse and a scattering of vortices and obtained the conditions of its realization. We completed the bifurcation analysis and investigated for collinear and Thomson's configurations the dependence of stability in linear approximation and frequency of rotation in relative coordinates from value of a full moment. We indicated the geometric interpretation for characteristic situations. We constructed a phase portrait and geometric projection for the integrable configuration of four vortices on a plane.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
IRTS observation of the near-infrared extragalactic background light
Creators: name: Matsumoto, T.
name: Matsuura, S.
name: Murakami, H.
name: Tanaka, M.
name: Freund, M.
name: Lim, M.
name: Cohen, M.
name: Kawada, M.
name: Noda, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We searched for near-infrared extragalactic background light (EBL) in the data from the Near-InfraRed Spectrometer (NIRS) on the Infrared Telescope in Space (IRTS). After subtracting the contribution of faint stars and the zodiacal component based on modeling, a significant isotropic emission is obtained in the wavelength bands from 1.4 micron to 4.0 micron. The in-band flux amounts to ~ 35 nW m-2 sr-1 which is too bright to be explained by the integrated light from faint galaxies. Significant fluctuations in sky brightness were also detected which can not be explained by fluctuations due to faint stars, zodiacal components and normal galaxies. The excess fluctuation amounts to ~ 1/4 of the excess emission over the integrated light of galaxies. A two-point correlation analysis shows that IRTS/NIRS data has an angular scale of fluctuations of a few degrees. Recent WMAP results of CMB polarization indicate that the reionization of the Universe occurred at z ~ 17 or earlier. The observed near infrared background light could be redshifted UV light from the first generation of massive stars (Pop.III stars) which caused the reionization of the Universe. The spectral jump around 1 micron over the optical EBL suggests that massive star formation terminated at z~9. The observed fluctuations, however, are considerably larger than the theoretical predictions and require a new scenario for the Pop.III era.
description: 40 pages, 19 figures, accepted by ApJ
Additional file 4 of The adaptive immune and immune checkpoint landscape of neoadjuvant treated esophageal adenocarcinoma using digital pathology quantitation
Creators: name: Humphries, Matthew P.
name: Craig, Stephanie G.
name: Kacprzyk, Rafal
name: Fisher, Natalie C.
name: Bingham, Victoria
name: McQuaid, Stephen
name: Murray, Graeme I.
name: McManus, Damian
name: Turkington, Richard C.
name: James, Jacqueline
name: Salto-Tellez, Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Figure S1. Robust digital pathology workflow. Flow diagram demonstrates conceptually the process of biomarker quantification, strict quality control and data validation steps.
Ex-ante Evaluation of Cassava Research for Development in Malawi: A Farm Household and Random Utility Modeling Approach
Creators: name: Rusike, Joseph
name: Jumbo, S.
name: Ntawuruhunga, Pheneas
name: Kawonga, J.M.
name: James, Braima
name: Okechukwu, R.
name: Manyong, Victor M.
name: Rusike, Joseph
name: Jumbo, S.
name: Ntawuruhunga, Pheneas
name: Kawonga, J.M.
name: James, Braima
name: Okechukwu, R.
name: Manyong, Victor M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Ex ante evaluation of agricultural research for development projects has become important in recent years for priority setting, ex post impact assessment and learning about generalizability to other populations and contexts. We apply farm household and random utility modeling to baseline survey data and evaluate the impact of a cassava research for development project in Malawi prior to its implementation. The project is being implemented to unlock the potential of cassava in response to the global food crisis. We find that a high proportion of farm households are not self-sufficient in food production and can be assisted by increasing the productivity of land and labor in production, processing and marketing of cassava to reduce deficits and increase marketed surplus. The research for development embeds research in an innovation systems network and speeds up exposure, awareness, adoption and diffusion. This increases the likelihood that incremental benefits will be generated and accrue earlier compared to the counterfactual without the project.
Catastrophic Drought Insurance based on the Remotely Sensed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for Smallholder Farmers in Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Makaudze, Ephias M.
name: Miranda, Mario J.
name: Makaudze, Ephias M.
name: Miranda, Mario J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Index insurance, which indemnifies agricultural producers based on an objectively observable variable that is highly correlated with production losses but which cannot be influenced by the producer, can provide adequate protection against catastrophic droughts without suffering from the moral hazard and adverse selection problems that typically cause conventional agricultural insurance programs to fail. Using historical maize and cotton yield data from nine districts in Zimbabwe, we find that catastrophic drought insurance contracts based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) can be constructed whose indemnities exhibit higher correlations with yield losses compared to the conventional rainfall index. In addition the NDVI contracts can be offered within the 5–10 per cent premium range considered reasonably affordable to many poor smallholder farmers in Zimbabwe.
Second order perturbations of a zero-pressure cosmological medium: Proofs of the relativistic-Newtonian correspondence
Creators: name: Hwang, J.
name: Noh, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic world model and its linear perturbations were first studied in Einstein's gravity. In the system without pressure the relativistic equations coincide exactly with the later known ones in Newton's gravity. Here we prove that, except for the gravitational wave contribution, even to the second-order perturbations, equations for the relativistic irrotational zero-pressure fluid in a flat Friedmann background coincide exactly with the previously known Newtonian equations. Thus, to the second order, we correctly identify the relativistic density and velocity perturbation variables, and we expand the range of applicability of the Newtonian medium without pressure to all cosmological scales including the super-horizon scale. In the relativistic analyses, however, we do not have a relativistic variable which corresponds to the Newtonian potential to the second order. Mixed usage of different gauge conditions is useful to make such proofs and to examine the result with perspective. We also present the gravitational wave equation to the second order. Since our correspondence includes the cosmological constant, our results are relevant to currently favoured cosmology. Our result has an important practical implication that one can use the large-scale Newtonian numerical simulation more reliably even as the simulation scale approaches near horizon.
description: 10 pages, no figure
Adapting a Kidney Exchange Algorithm to Align with Human Values
Creators: name: Freedman, Rachel
name: Borg, Jana Schaich
name: Sinnott-Armstrong, Walter
name: Dickerson, John P.
name: Conitzer, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The efficient and fair allocation of limited resources is a classical problem in economics and computer science. In kidney exchanges, a central market maker allocates living kidney donors to patients in need of an organ. Patients and donors in kidney exchanges are prioritized using ad-hoc weights decided on by committee and then fed into an allocation algorithm that determines who gets what--and who does not. In this paper, we provide an end-to-end methodology for estimating weights of individual participant profiles in a kidney exchange. We first elicit from human subjects a list of patient attributes they consider acceptable for the purpose of prioritizing patients (e.g., medical characteristics, lifestyle choices, and so on). Then, we ask subjects comparison queries between patient profiles and estimate weights in a principled way from their responses. We show how to use these weights in kidney exchange market clearing algorithms. We then evaluate the impact of the weights in simulations and find that the precise numerical values of the weights we computed matter little, other than the ordering of profiles that they imply. However, compared to not prioritizing patients at all, there is a significant effect, with certain classes of patients being (de)prioritized based on the human-elicited value judgments.
Multiplicative monotone convolutions
Creators: name: Franz, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L50, 60E10

description: Recently, Bercovici has introduced multiplicative convolutions based on Muraki's monotone independence and shown that these convolution of probability measures correspond to the composition of some function of their Cauchy transforms. We provide a new proof of this fact based on the combinatorics of moments. We also give a new characterisation of the probability measures that can be embedded into continuous monotone convolution semigroups of probability measures on the unit circle and briefly discuss a relation to Galton-Watson processes.
description: 14 pages
On the design of wideband CMOS low-noise amplifiers
Creators: name: Molavi, Reza
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Integrated wideband low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) are used in communication applications in which either the signal bandwidth is large or multiple narrowband signals are processed simultaneously. An example of the former case is the recently popular ultra wideband (UWB) wireless technology that can be used for high-data-rate low-power short-range wireless communications. A multi-mode multi-standard wireless system is an example of the latter case. Providing large enough gain while introducing as little noise as possible over a wide frequency band is a challenging design task, in particular if the LNA is designed in CMOS. In this work, a methodology for designing wideband CMOS LNAs is presented. The core of the design is the inductively degenerated LNA which is a popular architecture in narrow-band applications due to its superior noise and input matching properties as well as low power consumption. Wideband performance of inductively degenerated LNA is explored both at the circuit and system level. Trade-offs among different design requirements and their impacts on circuit parameters is discussed in detail. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the design technique, two wideband LNAs are designed and simulated in a 0.18μm CMOS technology. The first LNA is intended for a multi-standard system with the frequency range of 1.4 to 2.5GHz. The frequency band of the second LNA is from 3 to 5GHz which covers the lower band of UWB technology.
Country and border effects in the transmission of maize prices in Eastern Africa: evidence from a semi-parametric regression model
Creators: name: Ihle, Rico
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
name: Zorya, Sergiy
name: Ihle, Rico
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
name: Zorya, Sergiy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: border effect
subject: spatial market integration
subject: cointegration
subject: semi-parametric regression
subject: partially linear model
subject: Eastern Africa
subject: maize

description: This study uses a rich dataset of 85 market pairs between January 2000 and October 2008 for Kenya, Tanzanian and Uganda, the three largest member countries of the East Africa Community, to analyze the factors determining national and cross-national maize price transmission. Although the three countries are members of the community’s customs union and they each claim to pursue maize trade without borders, their agricultural trade policies still differ, thus affecting prices and trade flows to different extents. This analysis extends the existing border effects literature in three ways. First, it assesses the magnitude of price transmission, instead of analyzing trade flows or price variability. Second, distance is shown to have a significant impact on price transmission in the region and to be of nonlinear nature, which is modelled using a semiparametric partially linear model. Third, the border effect is found to be heterogeneous, that is, it matters which national border is crossed. A strongly negative effect of the Tanzanian-Kenyan border appears, while no significant effect for the crossing of the Ugandan-Kenyan border exists. These results are of high political relevance because they show that Tanzania represents a rather isolated and internally fragmented island within the East African maize markets. Bilateral maize trade with Nairobi appears to display substantially higher price transmission than with the rest of the markets, confirming its economic importance in the East African region and the structural maize deficit in Kenya.
Additional file 1 of Urine cell cycle arrest biomarkers distinguish poorly between transient and persistent AKI in early septic shock: a prospective, multicenter study
Creators: name: Titeca-Beauport, Dimitri
name: Daubin, Delphine
name: Vong, Ly Van
name: Belliard, Guillaume
name: Bruel, Cédric
name: Alaya, Sami
name: Chaoui, Karim
name: Andrieu, Maud
name: Rouquette-Vincenti, Isabelle
name: Godde, Frederic
name: Pascal, Michel
name: Momar Diouf
name: Vinsonneau, Christophe
name: Kada Klouche
name: Maizel, Julien
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Performance of AKI markers for predicting persistent AKI in patient presenting moderate to severe AKI at baseline.
Tensor correlation in 4He and its Effect on the doublet splitting in 5He
Creators: name: Myo, Takayuki
name: Kato, Kiyoshi
name: Ikeda, Kiyomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of tensor correlation on the structures of \nuc{4}{He} and its effect on the doublet splitting in \nuc{5}{He}. We perform a configuration mixing calculation in the shell model type bases to represent the tensor correlation for $^4$He. It is found that our model describes the characteristics of the tensor correlation, which is represented by an admixture of the $0s_{1/2}$ configuration with a spatially modified $0p_{1/2}$ orbit. For $^5$He, we solve a coupled OCM equation for an extended $^4$He+$n$ model, while taking into account the tensor correlation in the $^4$He cluster. It is shown that the tensor correlation produces the Pauli blocking, in particular, for the $J^π={1/2}^-$ state, and its effect causes about half of the p-wave doublet splitting in $^5$He. This indicates that the strength of the effective spin-orbit interaction should be reduced by about half from the conventional one. We obtain a reliable $^4$He-$n$ interaction, including the tensor correlation, which further improves the behavior of the $d$- and $f$-wave phase shifts in the $^4$He+$n$ system.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, To be published in Progress of Theoretical Physics
Enhanced Tensor Polarization in Solid-State Targets
Creators: name: Keller, Dustin
name: Crabb, Don
name: Day, Donal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of enhanced tensor polarization on solid-state targets. The results here represent an increase in tensor polarization over that previously achieved in high energy and nuclear scattering experiments that focused on the measurement of tensor polarized observables. Enhancement techniques are used which require RF produced close to the Larmor frequency of the target spins and use selective semi-saturation resulting from two sources of irradiation, microwave for the DNP process and the additional RF used to manipulate the population of the energy levels in the target material. The spin dynamics of the solid target are used to align the spins enhancing the ensemble average to improve the figure of merit of the scattering experiment. Target rotation at an optimized rate can lead to additional enhancement by applying selective semi-saturation in polycrystalline materials that possess a Pake doublet in their NMR signal.
Willingness to pay for extension services in Uganda among farmers involved in crop and animal husbandry
Creators: name: Mwaura, Francis
name: Muwanika, Fred Roland
name: Okoboi, Geofrey
name: Mwaura, Francis
name: Muwanika, Fred Roland
name: Okoboi, Geofrey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Although the Ugandan government is determined to aid farmers increase agricultural productivity as an intervention on increasing food security and reducing poverty through extension services, resources constraints are dampening its efforts. Private extension services providers are being invited to take up information dissemination roles with queries on the availability and demand of the services among farmers to attract private sector and factors influencing the demand for extension services. Data collected by the Uganda Bureau of Statistics (UBOS) on national service delivery throughout the country in 2008 among 5363 and 3318 farmers involved in crops’ and animals’ husbandry was used to predict willingness to pay, amount farmers were willing to pay for extension services and factors that were to influence willingness to pay. It was established that about 35% and 40% of the farmers were willing to pay on average Ugandan shillings 3,400 (US$ 1.8) and 3,700 (US$ 2) per trip for extension services in crop and animal husbandry respectively. Key farmer’s attributes that influenced willingness to pay included sex, age, education level, regions of residence and preferred means to receive the services. The demand for extension and preferred price are low for private sectors engagement and the government should first educate the public on the importance of the services.
Symplectic quantization, inequivalent quantum theories, and Heisenberg's principle of uncertainty
Creators: name: Montesinos, Merced
name: del Castillo, G. F. Torres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the quantum dynamics of the non-relativistic two-dimensional isotropic harmonic oscillator in Heisenberg's picture. Such a system is taken as toy model to analyze some of the various quantum theories that can be built from the application of Dirac's quantization rule to the various symplectic structures recently reported for this classical system. It is pointed out that that these quantum theories are inequivalent in the sense that the mean values for the operators (observables) associated with the same physical classical observable do not agree with each other. The inequivalence does not arise from ambiguities in the ordering of operators but from the fact of having several symplectic structures defined with respect to the same set of coordinates. It is also shown that the uncertainty relations between the fundamental observables depend on the particular quantum theory chosen. It is important to emphasize that these (somehow paradoxical) results emerge from the combination of two paradigms: Dirac's quantization rule and the usual Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics.
description: 8 pages, LaTex file, no figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Additional file 1 of The adaptive immune and immune checkpoint landscape of neoadjuvant treated esophageal adenocarcinoma using digital pathology quantitation
Creators: name: Humphries, Matthew P.
name: Craig, Stephanie G.
name: Kacprzyk, Rafal
name: Fisher, Natalie C.
name: Bingham, Victoria
name: McQuaid, Stephen
name: Murray, Graeme I.
name: McManus, Damian
name: Turkington, Richard C.
name: James, Jacqueline
name: Salto-Tellez, Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Antibody details.
Adoption et Impact Socio-Esonomique de la semi-mecanisation du Procede de Transformation des Amandes de Karite en Beurre au Nord-Benin
Creators: name: Ahouandjinou, Morenike Cendrine
name: Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
name: Yabi, Jacob Afouda
name: Adekambi, Souleimane Adeyemi
name: Ahouandjinou, Morenike Cendrine
name: Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
name: Yabi, Jacob Afouda
name: Adekambi, Souleimane Adeyemi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Adoption
subject: impact
subject: shea butter
subject: semi mechanization
subject: income
subject: Benin

description: In order to diversify the sources of incomes of the country, to reduce the financial risks and to improve the farmers’ revenues, the government of Benin decided to promote new agricultural sectors. One of those new sub-sectors is shea tree which is targeted in this study. Due to the painful of certain stages of shea butter processing, the semi-mechanization was initiated. The paper uses data from a stratified random sample of 198 shea butter producers to assess the adoption and impact of this semi-mechanization in North-Benin. A multinomial probit model is estimated to analyze the factors which explain the adoption of each type of technology. A counterfactual approach drawing from a modern evaluation theory is used to evaluate the impact of this semi-mechanization on producers’ incomes. It result that the adoption of the crusher is influenced by the presence of electricity in the village and by the availability of the family labor. As for the shea nuts grinder, the determinants of its adoption are the membership to a shea butter producers association, the literacy in local language and the availability of the family labor. The results also reveal that the adoption of these technologies increases significantly the producers’ incomes by 103,914 FCFA per year.
Can you tell? SSNet -- a Sagittal Stratum-inspired Neural Network Framework for Sentiment Analysis
Creators: name: Vassilev, Apostol
name: Hasan, Munawar
name: Jin, Honglan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When people try to understand nuanced language they typically process multiple input sensor modalities to complete this cognitive task. It turns out the human brain has even a specialized neuron formation, called sagittal stratum, to help us understand sarcasm. We use this biological formation as the inspiration for designing a neural network architecture that combines predictions of different models on the same text to construct robust, accurate and computationally efficient classifiers for sentiment analysis and study several different realizations. Among them, we propose a systematic new approach to combining multiple predictions based on a dedicated neural network and develop mathematical analysis of it along with state-of-the-art experimental results. We also propose a heuristic-hybrid technique for combining models and back it up with experimental results on a representative benchmark dataset and comparisons to other methods to show the advantages of the new approaches.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables, 42 references
Measuring and Explaining Technical Efficiency of Dairy Farms: A Case Study of Smallholder Farms in East Africa
Creators: name: Gelan, Ayele
name: Muriithi, Beatrice Wambui
name: Gelan, Ayele
name: Muriithi, Beatrice Wambui
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Dairy farms
subject: efficiency scores
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis
subject: fractional regression
subject: returns to scale

description: This paper measures and explains technical efficiency of 371 dairy farms located in seventeen districts in East African Countries. Four output and nine input types were used to calculate the efficiency scores for each farm. A two-stage analysis was conducted to measure and explain the efficiency scores. First, the efficiency scores were measured by using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach which was implemented with a linear programming method. About 18% of the farms were fully productive, each with efficiency scores of unity, which meant this group is currently operating on the production possibility frontier. On the other hand, about 32% of the farms have efficiency scores below 0.25, which means about a third of the dairy farms would need to expand dairy production by at least 75% from the current level without any increase in the level of inputs. Second, a fractional regression method was used to explain the efficiency scores by relating then to a range of explanatory variables. The findings indicate that technology adoption factors such as the existence of improved breeds; feed and fodder innovations (e.g. growing legumes) have positive and statistically significant effects on the level of efficiency. Similarly, zero-grazing seem have positive and highly significant effects. As far as marketing variables are concerned, interestingly selling milk to individual consumers or organizations seems to contribute to dairy efficiency positively and significantly than other marketing outlets such as traders of chilling plants. Membership of dairy cooperative has a positive effect but this is not statistically significant.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 11/18/10.
Awareness and use of m-banking services in agriculture: The case of smallholder farmers in Kenya
Creators: name: Kirui, Oliver K.
name: Okello, Julius Juma
name: Nyikal, Rose Adhiambo
name: Kirui, Oliver K.
name: Okello, Julius Juma
name: Nyikal, Rose Adhiambo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Mobile phones
subject: m-banking services
subject: awareness and use
subject: smallholder farmers
subject: Kenya

description: Smallholder farmer access to agricultural finance has been a major constraint to agricultural commercialization in developing countries. The ICT revolution in Africa has however brought an opportunity to ease this constraint. The mobile phone-based banking services that started in Kenya urban centers have spread to rural areas and even other countries. Using these services farmers could receive funds invest in agriculture finance transactions. This study examines the awareness and use of m-banking services among rural farmers in Kenya. It also assesses the factors conditioning the use of such services. The study finds high awareness of m-banking services among the smallholder farmers. It also finds that education, distance to a commercial bank, membership to farmer organizations, distance to the m-banking agents, and endowment with physical and financial assets affect the use of m-banking services. It discusses the implications of these findings for policy and practice.
Participatory Farmer Evaluation of Stem borer Resistant Maize varieties in three maize growing ecologies of Kenya
Creators: name: Ouma, James Okuro
name: Odendo, Martins
name: Bett, Charles
name: De Groote, Hugo
name: Mugo, Stephen
name: Mutinda, Charles
name: Gethi, James
name: Njoka, Stephen
name: Ajanga, S.
name: Shuma, J.
name: Ouma, James Okuro
name: Odendo, Martins
name: Bett, Charles
name: De Groote, Hugo
name: Mugo, Stephen
name: Mutinda, Charles
name: Gethi, James
name: Njoka, Stephen
name: Ajanga, S.
name: Shuma, J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Insect Resistant Maize for Africa Project (IRMA) aims at developing and deploying insect resistant maize varieties to reduce grain losses due to insect pests. As part of incorporating farmer’s perceptions and improving the adoption of the developed varieties, participatory approaches are adopted. The paper analysis farmer’s preferences of maize germplasm developed through conventional breeding. The paper uses data collected from evaluations conducted at the end of 2006 April and October rains. Nine stem borer resistant maize varieties were evaluated alongside six commercial checks in the moist transitional zones (East and West) at vegetative and harvest stage, while in the dry transitional zone and dry mid altitude zones, 6 new varieties were evaluated together with four commercial checks at harvest stage. Each variety was assessed on a scale of 1(very poor) to 5 (very good) based on key criteria generated in earlier group discussions with farmers and overall score. Data was analyzed using ordinal regression model of Social Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). In DT zone, Katumani, CKIR06007 and CKIR06008 were more preferred to the checks based on overall score. CKIR06008 was also more preferred on yield and tolerance to insect pest criteria, while CKIR04002, CKIR06009, and CKIR04003 were perceived more superior to local check based on tolerance to insect pests. In moist transitional zone Embu only CKIR06005 was more preferred (p<0.01) to the check at harvest stage in April 2006 season based on early maturity. While there was no preference for the new varieties at vegetative stage in Embu in October rains 2006 season, a number of new varieties CKIR06001, CKIR06002, CKIR06003, CKIR06004, and CKIR06005 were more preferred based on early maturity at harvest in October rains 2006 season. In the moist transitional zone (west), CKIR06005 and CKIR06005 were more preferred on maturity criteria but CKIR06004 also had good attributes in terms of cob size vegetative stage in April rains 2007. We conclude that farmers perceive some varieties to have good tolerance to insect pests in addition to good yield and maturity characteristics attributes, which are critical to the farmers in the adoption of new varieties.
Multiple description coding of the scalable extension of H.264/AVC (SVC)
Creators: name: Mansour, Hassan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Advances in digital video coding are pushing the boundaries of multimedia services and Internet applications to mobile devices. The Scalable Video Coding (SVC) project is one such development that provides different video quality guarantees to end users on mobile networks that support different terminal capability classes. Such networks are Digital Video Broadcast- Handheld (DVB-H) and the Third Generation Partnership Project's (3 GPP) Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS). In this thesis, we propose a multiple-description coding scheme for SVC (MD-SVC) to provide error resilience to SVC and ensure the safe delivery of the video pay load to end users on MBMS networks. Due to the highly error-prone nature of wireless environments, received video quality is normally guaranteed by either video redundancy coding, retransmissions, forward-error-correction, or error-resilient video coding. MD-SVC takes advantage of the layered structure of SVC to generate two descriptions (or versions) of the higher layer (enhancement layer) frames in SVC while utilizing Unequal Erasure Protection (UXP) to efficiently protect the base layer frames. The result is three separable streams that can be transmitted over the same channel or over three separate channels to minimize the packet loss rate. The two enhancement descriptions are independently decodable, however, both descriptions depend on the error-free reception of the base layer. Furthermore, error detection and concealment features are added to the SVC decoder to cope with frame losses. The proposed scheme is implemented and integrated fully into the SVC codec and tested using a 3GPP/3GPP2 offline network simulator. Objective and subjective performance evaluations show that under the same packet loss conditions our scheme outperforms the single description SVC and existing scalable multiple-description coding schemes.