cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Long term efficacy of a dorsal indirect approach for CT-guided cervical nerve root injections.
Creators: name: O'Neill, Cormac
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Arthritides
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Percutaneous
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Catastrophic complications have been rarely reported for selective cervical nerve root via an anterolateral transforaminal approach. These may include brain stem haemorrhage and vertebral artery perforation. Here we assess the short and long term...
title: Der Nerd
title: The Nerd
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kohout, Annekathrin
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 302.23 Medien (Kommunikationsmittel), Medienwissenschaft
subject: Nerd
subject: Sozialfigur
subject: Figurentheorie
subject: Popkultur
subject: popular culture
subject: Popkultur
subject: Figurendarstellung

description: Die Arbeit untersucht den Nerd als Sozialfigur, ordnet ihn kulturhistorisch ein und beschreibt das Wechselverhältnis zwischen der Figur und ihren Verkörperungen.
description: The paper examines the nerd as a social figure, classifies it in terms of cultural history, and describes the interrelationship between the figure and its embodiments.
Design of novel inhibitors of trypanosomatid parasites
Creators: name: Zhang, Yahan
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neglected tropical disease
Chamuvarinin
Inhibitors

description: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a group of infectious diseases that are endemic in tropical and subtropical regions. The associated infectious agents include protozoa, bacteria, viruses, and helminth parasites. In particular, Human African Trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease and Leishmaniasis are responsible for high mortality and morbidity rates in developing countries. However, the current treatments for trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis have severe side effects and can be lethal. Most of these treatments are antiquated, resulting in emerging drug resistance, and are difficult to administer (mostly by injection). Therefore, there is an urgent demand to find safer, cheaper, and more efficient alternatives to the existing drugs. Natural products play an important part in drug discovery, with more than 50 % of modern drugs being directly or indirectly derived from them. In particular, the natural product chamuvarinin was found to have potent activity against trypanosomatid parasites. In this project, we synthesized a series of chamuvarinin based analogues, aiming to expand the library of trypanosomatid inhibitors, and further exploring the structure-activity relationship (SAR).
Dehazing of Satellite Images using Adaptive Black Widow Optimization-based framework
Creators: name: Suresh, Shilpa
name: M., Ragesh Rajan
name: Pushparaj, Jagalingam
name: C, Asha
name: Lal, Shyam
name: Reddy, Chintala Sudhakar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Haze is a common atmospheric disturbance that adversely affects the quality of optical data, thus often restricting their usability. Since these effects are inherent in the process of spaceborne Earth sensing, it is important to develop effective methods to remove them. This work proposes a novel method for de-hazing satellite imagery and outdoor camera images. It is developed by modifying the transmission map used in Dark Channel Prior (DCP) method. A Weighted Variance Guided Filter (WVGF) is introduced for enhancing the image quality, which included a two-stage image decomposition and fusion process. The method also optimally combines the radiance and transmission components along with an additional stage modelling a fusion-based transparency function. A final guided filter-based image refinement scheme is incorporated to improve the processed image quality. The optimal tuning of the image-dependent parameters at various stages is achieved using the newly proposed Adaptive Black Widow Optimization (ABWO) algorithm, which makes the proposed de-hazing scheme fully automatic. Qualitative and quantitative performance analyses, and the results are compared with other state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method performs better as compared with others, independent of the haze density, without losing the natural look of the scene.
Erlebte Nachbarschaft. Aspekte der deutsch-polnischen Beziehungen im 20. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Grabowski, Sabine
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2000

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 49 Nr. 2 (2000)
title: Ultrasound capabilities in monitoring wound healing in the donor area after reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (Sonography and CT)
Creators: name: Serebryak, Tatyana
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Use of autogenous patellar tendons or a semitendinosus tendon of the femur muscle as a graft for to reconstruct a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) they are recognized as a very successful procedure for stabilizing the knee joint...
Flows of Spin(7)-structures
Creators: name: Karigiannis, Spiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44

description: We consider flows of Spin(7)-structures. We use local coordinates to describe the torsion tensor of a Spin(7)-structure and derive the evolution equations for a general flow of a Spin(7)-structure on an 8-manifold M. Specifically, we compute the evolution of the metric and the torsion tensor. We also give an explicit description of the decomposition of the space of forms on a manifold with Spin(7)-structure, and derive an analogue of the second Bianchi identity in Spin(7)-geometry. This identity yields an explicit formula for the Ricci tensor and part of the Riemann curvature tensor in terms of the torsion.
description: 12 pages. Based on a talk given at the 10th International Conference on Differential Geometry and its Applications, in honour of the 300th anniversary of the birth of Leonhard Euler, Czech Republic. Version 2: Added one remark and one reference
Bandwidth effects in stimulated Brillouin scattering driven by partially incoherent light
Creators: name: Brandão, B.
name: Santos, J. E.
name: Trines, R. M. G. M.
name: Bingham, R.
name: Silva, L. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalized Wigner-Moyal statistical theory of radiation is used to obtain a general dispersion relation for Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS) driven by a broadband radiation field with arbitrary statistics. The monochromatic limit is recovered from our general result, reproducing the classic monochromatic dispersion relation. The behavior of the growth rate of the instability as a simultaneous function of the bandwidth of the pump wave, the intensity of the incident field and the wave number of the scattered wave is further explored by numerically solving the dispersion relation. Our results show that the growth rate of SBS can be reduced by 1/3 for a bandwidth of 0.3 nm, for typical experimental parameters.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
Edmund Kizik, Śmierć w miejście hanzeatyckim w XVI-XVIII wieku. Studium z nowożytnej kultury funeralnej
Creators: name: Belzyt, Leszek
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2000

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 49 Nr. 2 (2000)
Dehazing of Satellite Images using Adaptive Black Widow Optimization-based framework
Creators: name: Suresh, Shilpa
name: M., Ragesh Rajan
name: Pushparaj, Jagalingam
name: Cs, Asha
name: Lal, Shyam
name: Reddy, Chintala Sudhakar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Haze is a common atmospheric disturbance that adversely affects the quality of optical data, thus often restricting their usability. Since these effects are inherent in the process of spaceborne Earth sensing, it is important to develop effective methods to remove them. This work proposes a novel method for de-hazing satellite imagery and outdoor camera images. It is developed by modifying the transmission map used in Dark Channel Prior (DCP) method. A Weighted Variance Guided Filter (WVGF) is introduced for enhancing the image quality, which included a two-stage image decomposition and fusion process. The method also optimally combines the radiance and transmission components along with an additional stage modelling a fusion-based transparency function. A final guided filter-based image refinement scheme is incorporated to improve the processed image quality. The optimal tuning of the image-dependent parameters at various stages is achieved using the newly proposed Adaptive Black Widow Optimization (ABWO) algorithm, which makes the proposed de-hazing scheme fully automatic. Qualitative and quantitative performance analyses, and the results are compared with other state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method performs better as compared with others, independent of the haze density, without losing the natural look of the scene.
Low-Reynolds-number, bi-flagellated Quincke swimmers with multiple forms of motion
Creators: name: Han, Endao
name: Zhu, Lailai
name: Shaevitz, Joshua W.
name: Stone, Howard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the limit of zero Reynolds number (Re), swimmers propel themselves exploiting a series of non-reciprocal body motions. For an artificial swimmer, a proper selection of the power source is required to drive its motion, in cooperation with its geometric and mechanical properties. Although various external fields (magnetic, acoustic, optical, etc.) have been introduced, electric fields are rarely utilized to actuate such swimmers experimentally in unbounded space. Here we use uniform and static electric fields to demonstrate locomotion of a bi-flagellated sphere at low Re via Quincke rotation. These Quincke swimmers exhibit three different forms of motion, including a self-oscillatory state due to elasto-electro-hydrodynamic interactions. Each form of motion follows a distinct trajectory in space. Our experiments and numerical results demonstrate a new method to generate, and potentially control, the locomotion of artificial flagellated swimmers.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
Groebner-Shirshov Basis for the Chinese Monoid
Creators: name: Chen, Yuqun
name: Qiu, Jianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S15, 16S35, 20M25

description: In this paper, a Groebner-Shirshov basis for the Chinese monoid is obtained and an algorithm for the normal form of the Chinese monoid is given.
Morphometric and radiographic characterization of leg disorders in broiler chickens
Creators: name: Cruickshank, John Johnston
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cage density and excess vitamin D₃ on the incidence and severity of leg abnormalities in broiler chickens. In addition, sequential morphometric and radiographic characteristics of leg bone development were described in normal and abnormal broilers in an attempt to develop a pattern recognition for leg abnormalities in poultry. Twisted leg, characterized by a progressive medial (varus) or lateral (valgus) deviation of the distal tibiae was the predominant leg abnormality observed. Lateral deviations were more common than medial deviations (92% and 8%, repectively) and it occurred equally on the right and left leg. The incidence of twisted leg was considerably higher in cages than on litter (21% vs 4%, respectively). High density and excess dietary vitamin D₃ resulted in a significant increase in the incidence of twisted leg. Differences in incidence could not be explained through differences in body weight or feed consumption. However, broilers fed the excess vitamin D₃ consumed more but gained less body weight, suggesting a metabolic stress may have been involved. High density appeared to increase the severity of the disorders, while excess vitamin D₃ had no effect on severity. Morphometric and radiographic comparisons of tibiae from normal broilers and those with twisted leg suggested that the development of twisted leg may be related to a structural abnormality in the distal tibiae; namely shallow distal condyle grooves. Changes in tibiae morphology associated with the progression of the disorder appeared as functional adaptations to the deformation rather than the primary cause of the bone deviations themselves. Sequential radiography of tibae from clinically normal broilers revealed a high incidence of tibial dyschondro-plasia in the proximal metaphyses at 3, 4 and 5 weeks (60%, 20% and 20%, respectively). It was concluded that tibial dyschondroplasia may be more common than it is realized.
Dressed emitters as impurities
Creators: name: Leonforte, Luca
name: Valenti, Davide
name: Spagnolo, Bernardo
name: Carollo, Angelo
name: Ciccarello, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dressed states forming when quantum emitters or atoms couple to a photonic bath underpin a number of phenomena and applications, in particular dispersive effective interactions occurring within photonic bandgaps. Here, we present a compact formulation of the resolvent-based theory for calculating atom-photon dressed states built on the idea that the atom behaves as an effective impurity. This establishes an explicit connection with the standard impurity problem in condensed matter. Moreover, it allows us to formulate and settle in a model-independent context a number of properties previously known only for specific models or not entirely formalized. The framework is next extended to the case of more than one emitter, which is used to derive a general expression of dissipationless effective Hamiltonians explicitly featuring the overlap of single-emitter dressed bound states.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Examining convolutional feature extraction using Maximum Entropy (ME) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) for image classification
Creators: name: Gowdra, Nidhi
name: Sinha, Roopak
name: MacDonell, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) specialize in feature extraction rather than function mapping. In doing so they form complex internal hierarchical feature representations, the complexity of which gradually increases with a corresponding increment in neural network depth. In this paper, we examine the feature extraction capabilities of CNNs using Maximum Entropy (ME) and Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) to validate the idea that, CNN models should be tailored for a given task and complexity of the input data. SNR and ME measures are used as they can accurately determine in the input dataset, the relative amount of signal information to the random noise and the maximum amount of information respectively. We use two well known benchmarking datasets, MNIST and CIFAR-10 to examine the information extraction and abstraction capabilities of CNNs. Through our experiments, we examine convolutional feature extraction and abstraction capabilities in CNNs and show that the classification accuracy or performance of CNNs is greatly dependent on the amount, complexity and quality of the signal information present in the input data. Furthermore, we show the effect of information overflow and underflow on CNN classification accuracies. Our hypothesis is that the feature extraction and abstraction capabilities of convolutional layers are limited and therefore, CNN models should be tailored to the input data by using appropriately sized CNNs based on the SNR and ME measures of the input dataset.
description: Conference paper, 6 pages, 1 table
rRNA in Organism Classification
Creators: name: Fox, Emily
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2025

description: The rRNA in Organism Classification activity has three possible parts.
Part one is a worksheet that assesses prior knowledge of RNA and scaffolds the functions of RNA in gene expression.
Part two is a discussion prompt that instructs students in the difference between rRNA and rRNA genes.
Part three is a worksheet that students use to practice grouping rRNA gene sequences on a phylogenetic tree.
A Radiatively Driven Wind from the eta Tel Debris Disk
Creators: name: Youngblood, Allison
name: Roberge, Aki
name: MacGregor, Meredith A.
name: Brandeker, Alexis
name: Weinberger, Alycia
name: Pérez, Sebastián
name: Grady, Carol
name: Welsh, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present far- and near-ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy of the $\sim$23 Myr edge-on debris disk surrounding the A0V star $η$ Telescopii, obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph. We detect absorption lines from C I, C II, O I, Mg II, Al II, Si II, S II, Mn II, Fe II, and marginally N I. The lines show two clear absorption components at $-22.7\pm0.5$ km s$^{-1}$ and $-17.8\pm0.7$ km s$^{-1}$, which we attribute to circumstellar (CS) and interstellar (IS) gas, respectively. CO absorption is not detected, and we find no evidence for star-grazing exocomets. The CS absorption components are blueshifted by $-16.9\pm2.6$ km s$^{-1}$ in the star's reference frame, indicating that they are outflowing in a radiatively driven disk wind. We find that the C/Fe ratio in the $η$ Tel CS gas is significantly higher than the solar ratio, as is the case in the $β$ Pic and 49 Cet debris disks. Unlike those disks, however, the measured C/O ratio in the $η$ Tel CS gas is consistent with the solar value. Our analysis shows that because $η$ Tel is an earlier type star than $β$ Pic and 49 Cet, with more substantial radiation pressure at the dominant C II transitions, this species cannot bind the CS gas disk to the star as it does for $β$ Pic and 49 Cet, resulting in the disk wind.
description: Accepted to AJ; 24 pages, 18 figures
ACCESS: An optical transmission spectrum of the high-gravity, hot Jupiter HAT-P-23b
Creators: name: Weaver, Ian C.
name: López-Morales, Mercedes
name: Alam, Munazza K.
name: Espinoza, Néstor
name: Rackham, Benjamin V.
name: Goyal, Jayesh M.
name: MacDonald, Ryan J.
name: Lewis, Nikole K.
name: Apai, Dániel
name: Bixel, Alex
name: Jordán, Andrés
name: Kirk, James
name: McGruder, Chima
name: Osip, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new ground-based visible transmission spectrum of the high-gravity, hot Jupiter HAT-P-23b, obtained as part of the ACCESS project. We derive the spectrum from five transits observed between 2016 and 2018, with combined wavelength coverage between 5200 Å - 9269 Å in 200 Å bins, and with a median precision of 247 ppm per bin. HAT-P-23b's relatively high surface gravity (g ~ 30 m/s^2), combined with updated stellar and planetary parameters from Gaia DR2, gives a 5-scale-height signal of 384 ppm for a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere. Bayesian models favor a clear atmosphere for the planet with the tentative presence of TiO, after simultaneously modeling stellar contamination, using spots parameter constraints from photometry. If confirmed, HAT-P-23b would be the first example of a high-gravity gas giant with a clear atmosphere observed in transmission at optical/NIR wavelengths; therefore, we recommend expanding observations to the UV and IR to confirm our results and further characterize this planet. This result demonstrates how combining transmission spectroscopy of exoplanet atmospheres with long-term photometric monitoring of the host stars can help disentangle the exoplanet and stellar activity signals.
description: 28 pages, 18 Figures, accepted for publication in AJ. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1911.03358
Identity and limits of Limbella tricostata (Musci: Amblystegiaceae)
Creators: name: Christy, John A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Investigation of morphology, karyotype, isozymes, cultivation, geography and habitat confirmed differences between Limbella tricostata (Sull.) CM. and Sciaromium fryei Williams. Significant differences were observed experimentally in branch bud frequency, leaf insertion angle, leaf areolation, chromosome length, mobility of superoxide dismutase and shoot orientation. Sciaromium fryei is considered a subspecies of Limbella tricostata. Chromosome numbers of both subspecies is n=11. L. tricostata ssp. tricostata has a Bryum type sporeling and a hypnaceous peristome, and is thought to have derived from L. pachyloma (Mont.) C.M. or its antecedent after long-distance dispersal from South America to Hawaii no later than the mid-Tertiary. L. tricostata ssp. fryei is thought to have derived from L. tricostata ssp. tricostata after long-distance dispersal from Hawaii to North America in the mid- to late Tertiary.
A 99-minute Double-lined White Dwarf Binary from SDSS-V
Creators: name: Chandra, Vedant
name: Hwang, Hsiang-Chih
name: Zakamska, Nadia L.
name: Gaensicke, Boris T.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Schwope, Axel
name: Badenes, Carles
name: Tovmassian, Gagik
name: Bauer, Evan B.
name: Maoz, Dan
name: Schreiber, Matthias R.
name: Toloza, Odette F.
name: Inight, Keith P.
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Brown, Warren R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of SDSS J133725.26+395237.7 (hereafter SDSS J1337+3952), a double-lined white dwarf (WD+WD) binary identified in early data from the fifth generation Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-V). The double-lined nature of the system enables us to fully determine its orbital and stellar parameters with follow-up Gemini spectroscopy and Swift UVOT ultraviolet fluxes. The system is nearby ($d = 113$ pc), and consists of a $0.51\, M_\odot$ primary and a $0.32\, M_\odot$ secondary. SDSS J1337+3952 is a powerful source of gravitational waves in the millihertz regime, and will be detectable by future space-based interferometers. Due to this gravitational wave emission, the binary orbit will shrink down to the point of interaction in $\approx 220$ Myr. The inferred stellar masses indicate that SDSS J1337+3952 will likely not explode as a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia). Instead, the system will probably merge and evolve into a rapidly rotating helium star, and could produce an under-luminous thermonuclear supernova along the way. The continuing search for similar systems in SDSS-V will grow the statistical sample of double-degenerate binaries across parameter space, constraining models of binary evolution and SNe Ia.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Nonlinear gravitons from the initial value constraints of GR in Ashtekar variables
Creators: name: Ita, Eyo Eyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we provide a possible realization of Penrose's idea of nonlinear gravitons by constructing a solution to the initial value constraints in Ashtekar variables. The solution inputs are a spatial SU(2) connection and two free functions of position, and can be constructed as a formal operatorial expansion in powers of the cosmological constant about spacetimes of Petrov Type O. We first present the linear case, and then provide a simple nonlinear example to first order using a spatially homogeneous connection.
description: 4 pages
Discovery of the Highly-Neutronized Ejecta Clump with Enhanced Abundances of Titanium and Chromium in the Type Ia Supernova Remnant 3C 397
Creators: name: Ohshiro, Yuken
name: Yamaguchi, Hiroya
name: Leung, Shing-Chi
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
name: Sato, Toshiki
name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Okon, Hiromichi
name: Fisher, Robert
name: Petre, Robert
name: Williams, Brian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supernova remnant (SNR) 3C 397 is thought to originate from a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) explosion of a near-Chandrasekhar-mass ($M_{\rm Ch}$) progenitor, based on the enhanced abundances of Mn and Ni revealed by previous X-ray study with Suzaku. Here we report follow-up XMM-Newton observations of this SNR, conducted with the aim of investigating the detailed spatial distribution of the Fe-peak elements. We have discovered an ejecta clump with extremely high abundances of Ti and Cr, in addition to Mn, Fe, and Ni, in the southern part of the SNR. The Fe mass of this ejecta clump is estimated to be $\sim$ 0.06 $M_{\odot}$, under the assumption of a typical Fe yield for SNe Ia (i.e., $\sim$ 0.8 $M_{\odot}$). The observed mass ratios among the Fe-peak elements and Ti require substantial neutronization that is achieved only in the innermost regions of a near-$M_{\rm Ch}$ SN Ia with a central density of $ρ_c \sim 5 \times 10^9$ g cm$^{-3}$, significantly higher than typically assumed for standard near-$M_{\rm Ch}$ SNe Ia ($ρ_c \sim 2 \times 10^9$ g cm$^{-3}$). The overproduction of the neutron-rich isotopes (e.g., $^{50}$Ti and $^{54}$Cr) is significant in such high-$ρ_c$ SNe Ia, with respect to the solar composition. Therefore, if 3C 397 is a typical high-$ρ_c$ near-$M_{\rm Ch}$ SN Ia remnant, the solar abundances of these isotopes could be reproduced by the mixture of the high- and low-$ρ_c$ near-$M_{\rm Ch}$ and sub-$M_{\rm Ch}$ Type Ia events, with $\lesssim$ 20 % being high-$ρ_c$ near-$M_{\rm Ch}$.
description: Accepted by ApJL; 9 pages with 4 figures and 1 table
A neutron diffraction study of macroscopically entangled proton states in the high temperature phase of the KHCO3 crystal at 340 K
Creators: name: Fillaux, François
name: Cousson, Alain
name: Gutmann, Matthias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We utilize single-crystal neutron diffraction to study the $C2/m$ structure of potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO$_3$) and macroscopic quantum entanglement above the phase transition at $T_c = 318$ K. Whereas split atom sites could be due to disorder, the diffraction pattern at 340 K evidences macroscopic proton states identical to those previously observed below $T_c$ by F. Fillaux et al., (2006 \textit{J. Phys.: Condens. Matter} \textbf{18} 3229). We propose a theoretical framework for decoherence-free proton states and the calculated differential cross-section accords with observations. The structural transition occurs from one ordered $P2_1/a$ structure ($T < T_c$) to another ordered $C2/m$ structure. There is no breakdown of the quantum regime. It is suggested that the crystal is a macroscopic quantum object which can be represented by a state vector. Raman spectroscopy and quasi-elastic neutron scattering suggest that the $|C2/m>$ state vector is a superposition of the state vectors for two $P2_1/a$-like structures symmetric with respect to $(a,c)$ planes.
Worldline Approach to Chiral Fermions
Creators: name: Langfeld, Kurt
name: Dunne, Gerald
name: Gies, Holger
name: Klingmuller, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to apply ``worldline numerics'' to a numerical calculation of quark determinants. The Gross-Neveu model with a U(1) chiral symmetry is considered as a first test. The worldline approach allows for an analytic renormalisation, and only finite parts of the determinant require a numerical calculation. It is shown that the discretisation of the worldlines, which is central to the numerical treatment, preserves chiral symmetry exactly. Numerical results for a kink configuration as a scalar background field are shown and compared with analytical results. The case of finite fermion chemical potential is also briefly discussed.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, Presented at the XXV International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 30 - August 4 2007, Regensburg, Germany
Cosmologies from nonlinear multidimensional gravity with acceleration and slowly varying G
Creators: name: Bronnikov, K. A.
name: Kononogov, S. A.
name: Melnikov, V. N.
name: Rubin, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider multidimensional gravity with a Lagrangian containing the Ricci tensor squared and the Kretschmann invariant. In a Kaluza-Klein approach with a single compact extra space of arbitrary dimension, with the aid of a slow-change approximation (as compared with the Planck scale), we build a class of spatially flat cosmological models in which both the observed scale factor $a(τ)$ and the extra-dimensional one, $b(τ)$, grow exponentially at large times, but $b(τ)$ grows slowly enough to admit variations of the effective gravitational constant $G$ within observational limits. Such models predict a drastic change in the physical laws of our Universe in the remote future due to further growth of the extra dimensions.
description: 5 pages, to be published in Grav. Cosmol
Ground state fidelity from tensor network representations
Creators: name: Zhou, Huan-Qiang
name: Orus, Roman
name: Vidal, Guifre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For any D-dimensional quantum lattice system, the fidelity between two ground state many-body wave functions is mapped onto the partition function of a D-dimensional classical statistical vertex lattice model with the same lattice geometry. The fidelity per lattice site, analogous to the free energy per site, is well-defined in the thermodynamic limit and can be used to characterize the phase diagram of the model. We explain how to compute the fidelity per site in the context of tensor network algorithms, and demonstrate the approach by analyzing the two-dimensional quantum Ising model with transverse and parallel magnetic fields.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Published version in Physical Review Letters
Soft-hadronic observables for relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC
Creators: name: Florkowski, Wojciech
name: Chojnacki, Mikolaj
name: Broniowski, Wojciech
name: Kisiel, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relativistic hydrodynamics together with the single-freeze-out statistical hadronization model is used to describe the midrapidity hadron production in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. At the highest RHIC energy our approach gives a quite satisfactory global description of soft hadronic observables including the HBT radii. With the increased initial energy, from RHIC to LHC, we expect the saturation of the pion elliptic flow and the moderate increase of the correlation radii.
description: Talk presented by WF at the Cracow Epiphany Conference on LHC Physics, Cracow, Poland, January 4 -- 6, 2008
Minimal Lagrangian surfaces in the tangent bundle of a Riemannian surface
Creators: name: Anciaux, Henri
name: Guilfoyle, Brendan
name: Romon, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10

description: Given an oriented Riemannian surface $(Σ, g)$, its tangent bundle $TΣ$ enjoys a natural pseudo-Kähler structure, that is the combination of a complex structure $\J$, a pseudo-metric $\G$ with neutral signature and a symplectic structure $\Om$. We give a local classification of those surfaces of $TΣ$ which are both Lagrangian with respect to $\Om$ and minimal with respect to $\G$. We first show that if $g$ is non-flat, the only such surfaces are affine normal bundles over geodesics. In the flat case there is, in contrast, a large set of Lagrangian minimal surfaces, which is described explicitly. As an application, we show that motions of surfaces in $\R^3$ or $\R^3_1$ induce Hamiltonian motions of their normal congruences, which are Lagrangian surfaces in $T§^2$ or $T \H^2$ respectively. We relate the area of the congruence to a second-order functional $\mathcal{F}=\int \sqrt{H^2-K} dA$ on the original surface.
description: 22 pages, typos corrected, results streamlined
Interaction of Close-in Planets with the Magnetosphere of their Host Stars I: Diffusion, Ohmic Dissipation of Time Dependent Field, Planetary Inflation, and Mass Loss
Creators: name: Laine, Randy O.
name: Lin, Douglas N. C.
name: Dong, Shawfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unanticipated discovery of the first close-in planet around 51 Peg has rekindled the notion that shortly after their formation outside the snow line, some planets may have migrated to the proximity of their host stars because of their tidal interaction with their nascent disks. If these planets indeed migrated to their present-day location, their survival would require a halting mechanism in the proximity of their host stars. Most T Tauri stars have strong magnetic fields which can clear out a cavity in the innermost regions of their circumstellar disks and impose magnetic induction on the nearby young planets. Here we consider the possibility that a magnetic coupling between young stars and planets could quench the planet's orbital evolution. After a brief discussion of the complexity of the full problem, we focus our discussion on evaluating the permeation and ohmic dissipation of the time dependent component of the stellar magnetic field in the planet's interior. Adopting a model first introduced by C. G. Campbell for interacting binary stars, we determine the modulation of the planetary response to the tilted magnetic field of a non-synchronously spinning star. We first compute the conductivity in the young planets, which indicates that the stellar field can penetrate well into the planet's envelope in a synodic period. For various orbital configurations, we show that the energy dissipation rate inside the planet is sufficient to induce short-period planets to inflate. This process results in mass loss via Roche lobe overflow and in the halting of the planet's orbital migration.
description: 47 pages, 12 figures
Racial analysis of Skeena River steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) by scale pattern features
Creators: name: Cox-Rogers, Steven Frank
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The feasibility of using freshwater and first marine year scale patterns to identify component stocks of steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) in the Skeena River was investigated. Scale samples and sex and size data were attained from adult steelhead originating from five Skeena River tributaries (Zymoetz, Kispiox, Morice-Bulkley, Babine, Sustut) over a series of different years. Adult scale samples were also collected from the 1984 incidental steelhead catch in the Area 4 commercial salmon fishery for potential stock classification purposes. Significant differences in scale pattern growth, age composition, and sizes at age were found between the five Skeena River steelhead stocks. Linear discriminant function analysis indicated that the five stocks could be classified to correct river of origin with between 45% and 62% average classification accuracy (range Zymoetz 29%-60%, Kispiox 35%-60%, Morice-Bulkley 44%-76%, Babine 54%-64%, Sustut 56%-72%) depending upon the classification model used. Juvenile morphometric analysis for three of the stocks (Kispiox, Morice-Bulkley, Zymoetz) indicated the presence of significant between stock differences in standardized body form. These results support the notion that Skeena River steelhead exist as quantifiably discrete stocks. Classifying the 1984 mixed stock commercial fishery catches to probable stock of origin indicated that distinct peaks of stock abundance and run-timing occur through the fishery. In general, Morice-Bulkley and Sustut River steelhead were predicted to be most abundant with run-timings during the earlier portions of the fishery. Kispiox, Babine, and Zymoetz River steelhead were predicted to be less abundant with later run-timings through the fishery. Potential commercial fishery impacts to steelhead are briefly discussed. These observations suggest that the technique of scale patterns is a feasible method for stock separation in Skeena River steelhead. Further study is required to clarify yearly variance in the technique and to better establish stock specific differences.
beta-SM project
Creators: name: Varela Correa, Lucas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490499
subject: Pure mathematics not elsewhere classified

description: There are a lot of functions that are integrals with no solution, infinite series or problems with "solutions" that are just conventions to don't t think more about it.In this project will resolve all that problems that have the math
Clustering of Lifestyle Risk Factors in British University Students: A Longitudinal Study of Health Risk throughout the Course of Undergraduate Study
Creators: name: Tanton, Jina
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Introduction: Research examining the clustering of lifestyle risk factors (LRFS) associated with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) amongst British university students is limited to only a few cross-sectional studies. Aims: The thesis aimed to contribute novel insights into the clustering of a comprehensive range of LRFs in a British undergraduate sample by: estimating the prevalence of a comprehensive range of LRFs; exploring whether LRFs cluster in a diverse sample of students; examining sociodemographic differences in the prevalence of individual LRFs and cluster membership; and exploring stability and change in patterns of LRFs demonstrated by students across the duration of a tradition three-year undergraduate degree. Method: A self-report ‘Student Health and Lifestyle Questionnaire’ was used to survey the prevalence of 15 LRFs on an annual basis amongst students enrolled at a single British university over a period of three academic years. Latent Class Analysis and Latent Transition Analysis were used to identify distinct clusters within the data and to examine stability and change in cluster membership respectively. Results: Three latent classes were detected in both study one (S1) and study two (S2) (i.e. High-Risk, Poor Lifestyle (S1), Higher-Risk (S2); Moderate-Risk, Active (S1, S2); Low-Risk, Moderate Lifestyle (S1), Moderate Risk, Inactive (S2)). Findings suggest students typically demonstrate the same pattern of LRFs throughout their time at university. Females of Black, Mixed or Other ethnicity, and Males of White ethnicity were identified as higher-risk groups. Conclusions: LRFs associated with NCDs were found to cluster in the sample surveyed. Findings suggest that students will likely demonstrate the same pattern of LRFs throughout their time at university. Interventions encouraging the adoption of healthier eating behaviours and more active lifestyles would positively impact the health of most university student. Interventions addressing the LRFs of the highest-risk students should be prioritised.
Analyzing Non-Textual Content Elements to Detect Academic Plagiarism
Creators: name: Meuschke, Norman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Plagiarism Detection
Plagiarism Detection Technology
Citation Analysis
Content-based Image Retrieval
Math Retrieval
Natural Language Processing
Information Visualization
User Interaction
Open Source Software

description: Code, data, and oral presentation: http://thesis.meuschke.org Abstract: Identifying academic plagiarism is a pressing problem, among others, for research institutions, publishers, and funding organizations. Detection approaches proposed so far analyze lexical, syntactical, and semantic text similarity. These approaches find copied, moderately reworded, and literally translated text. However, reliably detecting disguised plagiarism, such as strong paraphrases, sense-for-sense translations, and the reuse of non-textual content and ideas, is an open research problem.
 The thesis addresses this problem by proposing plagiarism detection approaches that implement a different concept: analyzing non-textual content in academic documents, specifically citations, images, and mathematical content.
 To validate the effectiveness of the proposed detection approaches, the thesis presents five evaluations that use real cases of academic plagiarism and exploratory searches for unknown cases.
 The evaluation results show that non-textual content elements contain a high degree of semantic information, are language-independent, and largely immutable to the alterations that authors typically perform to conceal plagiarism. Analyzing non-textual content complements text-based detection approaches and increases the detection effectiveness, particularly for disguised forms of academic plagiarism.
 To demonstrate the benefit of combining non-textual and text-based detection methods, the thesis describes the first plagiarism detection system that integrates the analysis of citation-based, image-based, math-based, and text-based document similarity. The system's user interface employs visualizations that significantly reduce the effort and time users must invest in examining content similarity.
description: Doctoral Thesis
Respiratory properties of mitochondria from heart and mosaic muscle of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) : substrate utilization and response to temperature and extramitochondrial pH
Creators: name: Donaldson, Judith Margaret
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Mitochondria were isolated from heart and mosaic muscle of rainbow trout (Salmo qairdneri R.). State 3 respiratory rates were determined at 5 and 15°C using pyruvate, malate, lactate, glutamate or acetyl—carnitine as substrate. The final three substrates were used to generate pH profiles. Pyruvate was oxidized at high rates in all cases, indicating good potential for aerobic carbohydrate metabolism. At 15°C, malate was an equally good substrate for heart mitochondria, while all substrates were oxidized at similar rates to pyruvate in muscle mitochondria. Maximal oxidation rates of heart mitochondria were greater than or equal to those of muscle. State 3 Q₁₀ for oxidation of most substrates in heart was approximately 2, except for malate which had a Q₁₀ of 3. Mitochondrial oxidation tended to be more sensitive to decreased temperature in muscle than in heart, particularly with respect to acetyl—carnitine and glutamate oxidation which in muscle had Q₁₀ values of 4 and 7, respectively. Based on RCR values at 5 and 15°C, there was no indication that membrane permeability to H⁺ ions was altered by a 10°C change in temperature in mitochondria from either tissue. At pH above 7.6 respiratory rates decreased with increasing pH. State 3 respiratory rate increased in heart mitochondria as pH decreased, below 7.6 while in muscle mitochondria, no such pH dependence was observed. RCR values were above 4 in all experiments except at high pH. Muscle mitochondria were the more sensitive to extreme pH with respect to RCR. Heart mitochondria had higher oxidative rates than those of muscle and were less sensitive to decreased temperature, in keeping with the greater oxidative demands of that tissue relative to mosaic muscle. Muscle mitochondria which typically face larger fluctuations in extramitochondrial pH in vivo than do those of heart, were less sensitive to pH in vitro. It was concluded that substrate utilization patterns and response to changes in temperature and extramitochondrial pH in the two mitochondrial populations was different and reflected both the intracellular environment of the mitochondria and the different needs of each tissue for aerobic energy supply.
SU(4)-symmetric Hubbard model at quarter filling: Insights from the dynamical mean-field approach
Creators: name: Unukovych, Vladyslav
name: Sotnikov, Andrii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the dynamical mean-field approach to the four-component SU(4)-symmetric Fermi-Hubbard model to study transitions between different magnetically ordered phases as well as the hysteresis behavior in the unordered regime. At quarter filling (one particle per site) on the square lattice we identify both the two-sublattice and plaquette-ordered antiferromagnetic phases with the corresponding entropy-driven hierarchy for critical temperatures. We also analyze the behavior of thermodynamic characteristics: the local double occupancy, compressibility, and entropy per particle, which are relevant for experiments with ultracold alkaline-earth(-like) atoms in optical lattices.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, published version