cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Plane SPDC-Quantum Mirror
Creators: name: Ion, M. L. D.
name: Ion, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the kinematical correlations from the phase conjugated optics (equivalently with crossing symmetric spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) phenomena) in the nonlinear crystals are used for the description of a new kind of optical device called SPDC-quantum mirrors. Then, some important laws of the plane SPDC-quantum mirrors combined with usual mirrors or lens are proved only by using geometric optics concepts. In particular, these results allow us to obtain a new interpretation of the recent experiments on the two-photon geometric optics.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0810.3401
Dark path holonomic qudit computation
Creators: name: André, Tomas
name: Sjöqvist, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-adiabatic holonomic quantum computation is a method used to implement high-speed quantum gates with non-Abelian geometric phases associated with paths in state space. Due to their noise tolerance, these phases can be used to construct error resilient quantum gates. We extend the holonomic dark path qubit scheme in [M.-Z. Ai {\t et al.}, Fundam. Res. {\bf 2}, 661 (2022)] to qudits. Specifically, we demonstrate one- and two-qudit universality by using the dark path technique. Explicit qutrit ($d=3$) gates are demonstrated and the scaling of the number of loops with the dimension $d$ is addressed. This scaling is linear and we show how any diagonal qudit gate can be implemented efficiently in any dimension.
description: New figure 2 added; several minor changes; references added; journal reference added
Additional file 1 of A smartphone application to objectively monitor music listening habits in adolescents
Creators: name: Paping, Danique E.
name: Vroegop, Jantien L.
name: Koenraads, Simone P. C.
name: le Clercq, Carlijn M.P.
name: Goedegebure, André
name: Baatenburg de Jong, Robert J.
name: van der Schroeff, Marc P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Differences in demographic characteristics between the included and excluded participants.
Boundary Distance Loss for Intra-/Extra-meatal Segmentation of Vestibular Schwannoma
Creators: name: Wijethilake, Navodini
name: Kujawa, Aaron
name: Dorent, Reuben
name: Asad, Muhammad
name: Oviedova, Anna
name: Vercauteren, Tom
name: Shapey, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vestibular Schwannoma (VS) typically grows from the inner ear to the brain. It can be separated into two regions, intrameatal and extrameatal respectively corresponding to being inside or outside the inner ear canal. The growth of the extrameatal regions is a key factor that determines the disease management followed by the clinicians. In this work, a VS segmentation approach with subdivision into intra-/extra-meatal parts is presented. We annotated a dataset consisting of 227 T2 MRI instances, acquired longitudinally on 137 patients, excluding post-operative instances. We propose a staged approach, with the first stage performing the whole tumour segmentation and the second stage performing the intra-/extra-meatal segmentation using the T2 MRI along with the mask obtained from the first stage. To improve on the accuracy of the predicted meatal boundary, we introduce a task-specific loss which we call Boundary Distance Loss. The performance is evaluated in contrast to the direct intrameatal extrameatal segmentation task performance, i.e. the Baseline. Our proposed method, with the two-stage approach and the Boundary Distance Loss, achieved a Dice score of 0.8279+-0.2050 and 0.7744+-0.1352 for extrameatal and intrameatal regions respectively, significantly improving over the Baseline, which gave Dice score of 0.7939+-0.2325 and 0.7475+-0.1346 for the extrameatal and intrameatal regions respectively.
description: Accepted for the MICCAI MLCN workshop 2022
Latest constraint on non-standard top-gluon couplings at hadron colliders and its future prospect
Creators: name: Hioki, Zenro
name: Ohkuma, Kazumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraints on the non-standard top-gluon couplings composed of the chromomagnetic- and chromoelectric-dipole moments of the top quark are updated by combining the latest data of top-pair productions from the Tevatron, 7-TeV LHC, and 8-TeV LHC. We find that adding the recent 8-TeV data to the analysis is effective to get a stronger constraint on the chromoelectric-dipole moment than the one from the Tevatron and 7-TeV LHC alone. We also discuss how those constraints on the non-standard couplings could be further improved when 14-TeV LHC results become available in the near future.
description: Some discussion on SM-loop effects and two related references added. Final version appeared in Phys. Rev. D
Developing moral AI to support antimicrobial decision making
Creators: name: Bolton, William J
name: Badea, Cosmin
name: Georgiou, Pantelis
name: Holmes, Alison
name: Rawson, Timothy M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) assisting with antimicrobial prescribing raises significant moral questions. Utilising ethical frameworks alongside AI-driven systems, while considering infection specific complexities, can support moral decision making to tackle antimicrobial resistance.
RETROSPECTIVE STUDY ON OUTCOME OF BURN INJURY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN AT FELEGEHIWOT REFERRAL HOSPITAL, BAHIRDAR TOWN, AMHARA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA, 2017.
Creators: name: FRIEHIWOT GIRMA GESSESSE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Background: Burn is a skin and tissue damage caused by agent like fire, scald, electricity, sunlight, chemical or nuclear radiation. Burn injury is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. Burn in children can have long term physical, psychological, economic and social implication on them and their families with ongoing treatment, rehabilitation and the need for regular interventions.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess outcome of burn injury and associated factors among children in FelegeHiwot Referral Hospital, Bahirdar town, Amhara regional state, Ethiopia, 2017.

Methods: Institution based retrospective cross sectional study design was conducted from October to June 2017.A total of 102 burn patients were selected by simple random sampling method. Data was collected from patients’ medical record by data collection sheet retrospectively from 2011 to 2016.Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify associated factors for outcome of burn injury.
Particle-in-cell simulations of collisionless shock formation via head-on merging of two laboratory supersonic plasma jets
Creators: name: Thoma, C.
name: Welch, D. R.
name: Hsu, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe numerical simulations, using the particle-in-cell (PIC) and hybrid-PIC code Lsp [T. P. Hughes et al., Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 2, 110401 (1999)], of the head-on merging of two laboratory supersonic plasma jets. The goals of these experiments are to form and study astrophysically relevant collisionless shocks in the laboratory. Using the plasma jet initial conditions (density ~ 10^14-10^16 cm^(-3), temperature ~ few eV, and propagation speed ~ 20-100 km/s), large-scale simulations of jet propagation demonstrate that interactions between the two jets are essentially collisionless at the merge region. In highly resolved one- and two-dimensional simulations, we show that collisionless shocks are generated by the merging jets when immersed in applied magnetic fields (B ~ 0.1-1 kG). At expected plasma jet speeds of up to 100 km/s, our simulations do not give rise to unmagnetized collisionless shocks, which require much higher velocities. The orientation of the magnetic field and the axial and transverse density gradients of the jets have a strong effect on the nature of the interaction. We compare some of our simulation results with those of previously published PIC simulation studies of collisionless shock formation.
description: 32 pages, 19 figures, submitted for publication
Nonreciprocal enhancement of remote entanglement between nonidentical mechanical oscillators
Creators: name: Jiao, Ya-Feng
name: Liu, Jing-Xue
name: Li, Ying
name: Yang, Ronghua
name: Kuang, Le-Man
name: Jing, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement between distant massive mechanical oscillators is of particular interest in quantum-enabled devices due to its potential applications in distributed quantum information processing. Here we propose how to achieve nonreciprocal remote entanglement between two spatially separated mechanical oscillators within a cascaded optomechanical configuration, where the two optomechanical resonators are indirectly coupled through a telecommunication fiber. We show that by selectively spinning the optomechanical resonators, one can break the time reversal symmetry of this compound system via Sagnac effect, and more excitingly, enhance the indirect couplings between the mechanical oscillators via the individual optimizations of light-motion interaction in each optomechanical resonator. This ability allows us to generate and manipulate nonreciprocal entanglement between distant mechanical oscillators, that is, the entanglement could be achieved only through driving the system from one specific input direction but not the other. Moreover, in the case of two frequency-mismatched mechanical oscillators, it is also found that the degree of the generated nonreciprocal entanglement is counterintuitively enhanced in comparison with its reciprocal counterparts, which are otherwise unattainable in static cascaded systems with a single-tone driving laser. Our work, which is well within the feasibility of current experimental capabilities, provides an enticing new opportunity to explore the nonclassical correlations between distant massive objects and facilitates a variety of emerging quantum technologies ranging from quantum information processing to quantum sensing.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Adaptive Soft Contrastive Learning
Creators: name: Feng, Chen
name: Patras, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-supervised learning has recently achieved great success in representation learning without human annotations. The dominant method -- that is contrastive learning, is generally based on instance discrimination tasks, i.e., individual samples are treated as independent categories. However, presuming all the samples are different contradicts the natural grouping of similar samples in common visual datasets, e.g., multiple views of the same dog. To bridge the gap, this paper proposes an adaptive method that introduces soft inter-sample relations, namely Adaptive Soft Contrastive Learning (ASCL). More specifically, ASCL transforms the original instance discrimination task into a multi-instance soft discrimination task, and adaptively introduces inter-sample relations. As an effective and concise plug-in module for existing self-supervised learning frameworks, ASCL achieves the best performance on several benchmarks in terms of both performance and efficiency. Code is available at https://github.com/MrChenFeng/ASCL_ICPR2022.
description: Accepted to ICPR2022
Additional file 1 of Dead in the water: comment on “Development of an aquatic exposure assessment model for imidacloprid in sewage treatment plant discharges arising from use of veterinary medicinal products”
Creators: name: Perkins, Rosemary
name: Whitehead, Martin
name: Goulson, Dave
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Mean sample site concentrations of imidacloprid (2016-2018) presented by Anthe et al (2020, their Table 3). Table S1. Mean sample site concentrations of imidacloprid (2016-2018) at various locations in the framework of the European Watch List, presented in Anthe et al (2020, Table 3).
Physical Vapor Transport Growth of Antiferromagnetic CrCl$_3$ Flakes Down to Monolayer Thickness
Creators: name: Wang, Jia
name: Ahmadi, Zahra
name: Lujan, David
name: Choe, Jeongheon
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Li, Xiaoqin
name: Shield, Jeffrey E.
name: Hong, Xia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The van der Waals magnets CrX$_3$ (X = I, Br, and Cl) exhibit highly tunable magnetic properties and are promising candidates for developing novel two-dimensional (2D) magnetic devices such as magnetic tunnel junctions and spin tunneling transistors. Previous studies of CrCl$_3$ have mainly focused on mechanically exfoliated samples. Controlled synthesis of high quality atomically thin flakes is critical for their technological implementation but has not been achieved to date. Here, we report the growth of large CrCl$_3$ flakes with well-defined facets down to monolayer thickness (~0.6 nm) via the physical vapor transport technique. Both isolated flakes with well-defined facets and long stripe samples with the trilayer portion exceeding 60 $μ$m have been obtained. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies show that the CrCl$_3$ flakes are single crystalline in the monoclinic structure, consistent with the Raman results. The room temperature stability of the CrCl$_3$ flakes decreases with decreasing thickness. The tunneling magnetoresistance of graphite/CrCl$_3$/graphite tunnel junctions confirms that few-layer CrCl$_3$ possesses in-plane magnetic anisotropy and Néel temperature of 17 K. Our study paves the path for developing CrCl$_3$-based scalable 2D spintronic applications.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, with Supporting Information
Array of Fabry-Pérot waveguide resonators with tunable coupling
Creators: name: Lepert, Guillaume
name: Hinds, E. A.
name: Rogers, Helen L.
name: Gates, James C.
name: Smith, Peter G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the elements of a coupled-resonator optical waveguide in a side-coupled Fabry-Pérot configuration, and show that the coupling rate between adjacent waveguides can be widely tuned through the thermo-optic effect. The device is linearly scalable and can be combined with other integrated devices, with applications as an optical delay line or as a key element in a cavity-QED based quantum simulator.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
title: Industriebeschäftigung im Wandel
title: Arbeiter, Angestellte und ihre Arbeitsbedingungen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Haipeter, Thomas
name: Üyük, Christine
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2018

description: Auf den Punkt ...
In der Industrie findet ein kontinuierlicher Prozess der internen Tertiarisierung statt. Die Zahl der Angestellten ist inzwischen ebenso hoch wie die der Arbeiter. Der Frauenanteil unter den Angestellten stagniert allerdings.
Das Niveau der prekären Beschäftigungsformen wie Befristungen, Minijobs oder Leiharbeit ist bei den Angestellten weit niedriger als bei den Arbeitern.
Zugleich weisen Angestellte im Durchschnitt höhere Qualifikationen, einen höheren betrieblichen Status und höhere Einkommen auf.
Dennoch sind die Arbeitsbedingungen widersprüchlich. Wichtigste Anzeichen dafür sind lange Arbeitszeiten, wachsende Arbeitsintensität und Klagen über schlechte Aufstiegschancen. Zugleich empfinden viele Angestellte ihre Arbeitsplätze als sicher.
Zu den Gewerkschaften bleiben die Angestellten stärker auf Distanz, auch wenn ihr Organisationsgrad schwächer gesunken ist als derjenige der Arbeiter. Dafür ist ihr Anteil an aktiven Betriebsratsmitgliedern inzwischen höher als bei den Arbeitern.
Relational Analysis of Dirac Equation in Momentum Representation
Creators: name: Solov'yov, Anton V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In terms of the relational approach to space-time geometry and physical interactions, we show that the Dirac equation for a free fermion in the momentum representation can be obtained starting from a binary system of complex relations (BSCR) between elements of two abstract sets. With the derivation performed we show that the 4-dimensional pseudo-Euclidean momentum space is not needed a priori but naturally emerges from considerations of rather general character (2-spinor algebra). A bispinor wave function is constructed for a fermion with positive energy and an arbitrary distribution of momenta. Special attention is paid to physical assumptions that should be made to enable the construction.
description: LaTeX, 16 pages, 3 new references were added, submitted to Gravitation and Cosmology, minor corrections
Are giant tornadoes the legs of solar prominences?
Creators: name: Wedemeyer, Sven
name: Scullion, Eamon
name: van der Voort, Luc Rouppe
name: Bosnjak, Antonija
name: Antolin, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations in the 171 AA channel of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of the space-borne Solar Dynamics Observatory show tornadoes-like features in the atmosphere of the Sun. These giant tornadoes appear as dark, elongated and apparently rotating structures in front of a brighter background. This phenomenon is thought to be produced by rotating magnetic field structures that extend throughout the atmosphere. We characterize giant tornadoes through a statistical analysis of properties like spatial distribution, lifetimes, and sizes. A total number of 201 giant tornadoes are detected in a period of 25 days, suggesting that on average about 30 events are present across the whole Sun at a time close to solar maximum. Most tornadoes appear in groups and seem to form the legs of prominences, thus serving as plasma sources/sinks. Additional Halpha observations with the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope imply that giant tornadoes rotate as a structure although clearly exhibiting a thread-like structure. We observe tornado groups that grow prior to the eruption of the connected prominence. The rotation of the tornadoes may progressively twist the magnetic structure of the prominence until it becomes unstable and erupts. Finally, we investigate the potential relation of giant tornadoes to other phenomena, which may also be produced by rotating magnetic field structures. A comparison to cyclones, magnetic tornadoes and spicules implies that such events are more abundant and short-lived the smaller they are. This comparison might help to construct a power law for the effective atmospheric heating contribution as function of spatial scale.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures; ApJ, accepted version
Additional file 1 of Health professional’s job satisfaction and its determinants in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Girma, Bekahegn
name: Nigussie, Jemberu
name: Molla, Alemayehu
name: Mareg, Moges
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
On the nature of veiling of classical T Tauri stars spectra in the near-IR spectral band
Creators: name: Dodin, A. V.
name: Lamzin, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the existence of a hot accretion spot on the surface of classical T Tauri stars allows to explain observed veiling of their photospheric spectrum not only in the visible but also in the near infrared spectral band.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy Letters
title: P. aeruginosa biofilm infections: pre-clinical investigation of new treatment strategies based on the use of antimicrobial peptides
Creators: name: Grassi, Lucia
Publisher: name: Università di Pisa
Year: 2019

description: The present thesis focused on the optimization and preclinical development of the semi-synthetic peptide lin-SB056-1 as novel antimicrobial agent to treat P. aeruginosa biofilm-associated infections. Under low-salt conditions, such peptide was highly effective against antibiotic resistant strains and persister cells of P. aeruginosa. In addition, lin-SB056-1 used in combination with host compatible concentrations of the chelating agent EDTA significantly inhibited the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilm-like structures in an artificial sputum medium mimicking the lung environment of cystic fibrosis patients, and in the sputum from primary ciliary dyskinesia patients. The lin-SB056-1/EDTA combination was also able to exert a marked antibiofilm activity in an in vivo-like 3-D lung epithelial cell model replicating relevant aspects of in vivo chronic lung infections. Optimization of the peptide through the design of the dendrimeric derivative (lin-SB056-1)2-K resulted in an additional improvement of the antimicrobial properties both in the 3-D lung epithelial cell model and in an in vitro wound model. Overall, these findings confirmed that combination treatments and peptide dendrimerization represent promising strategies to improve the efficacy of AMPs, especially under in vivo-like conditions that greatly interfere with peptide activity. In particular, (lin-SB056-1)2-K emerged as a valuable lead in the development of new treatment strategies for P. aeruginosa infections.
Additional file 1 of The presence and potential impact of psychological safety in the healthcare setting: an evidence synthesis
Creators: name: Grailey, K. E.
name: Murray, E.
name: Reader, T.
name: Brett, S. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Summary of Study Characteristics Table.
The Nature of the H2-Emitting Gas in the Crab Nebula
Creators: name: Richardson, C. T.
name: Baldwin, J. A.
name: Ferland, G. J.
name: Loh, E. D.
name: Kuehn, C. A.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Salomé, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding how molecules and dust might have formed within a rapidly expanding young supernova remnant is important because of the obvious application to vigorous supernova activity at very high redshift. In previous papers, we found that the H2 emission is often quite strong, correlates with optical low-ionization emission lines, and has a surprisingly high excitation temperature. Here we study Knot 51, a representative, bright example, for which we have available long slit optical and NIR spectra covering emission lines from ionized, neutral, and molecular gas, as well as HST visible and SOAR Telescope NIR narrow-band images. We present a series of CLOUDY simulations to probe the excitation mechanisms, formation processes and dust content in environments that can produce the observed H2 emission. We do not try for an exact match between model and observations given Knot 51's ambiguous geometry. Rather, we aim to explain how the bright H2 emission lines can be formed from within the volume of Knot 51 that also produces the observed optical emission from ionized and neutral gas. Our models that are powered only by the Crab's synchrotron radiation are ruled out because they cannot reproduce the strong, thermal H2 emission. The simulations that come closest to fitting the observations have the core of Knot 51 almost entirely atomic with the H2 emission coming from just a trace molecular component, and in which there is extra heating. In this unusual environment, H2 forms primarily by associative detachment rather than grain catalysis. In this picture, the 55 H2-emitting cores that we have previously catalogued in the Crab have a total mass of about 0.1 M_sun, which is about 5% of the total mass of the system of filaments. We also explore the effect of varying the dust abundance. We discuss possible future observations that could further elucidate the nature of these H2 knots.
description: 51 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, revised Figure 12 results unchanged
COOR-PLT: A hierarchical control model for coordinating adaptive platoons of connected and autonomous vehicles at signal-free intersections based on deep reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Li, Duowei
name: Wu, Jianping
name: Zhu, Feng
name: Chen, Tianyi
name: Wong, Yiik Diew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Platooning and coordination are two implementation strategies that are frequently proposed for traffic control of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) at signal-free intersections instead of using conventional traffic signals. However, few studies have attempted to integrate both strategies to better facilitate the CAV control at signal-free intersections. To this end, this study proposes a hierarchical control model, named COOR-PLT, to coordinate adaptive CAV platoons at a signal-free intersection based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL). COOR-PLT has a two-layer framework. The first layer uses a centralized control strategy to form adaptive platoons. The optimal size of each platoon is determined by considering multiple objectives (i.e., efficiency, fairness and energy saving). The second layer employs a decentralized control strategy to coordinate multiple platoons passing through the intersection. Each platoon is labeled with coordinated status or independent status, upon which its passing priority is determined. As an efficient DRL algorithm, Deep Q-network (DQN) is adopted to determine platoon sizes and passing priorities respectively in the two layers. The model is validated and examined on the simulator Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO). The simulation results demonstrate that the model is able to: (1) achieve satisfactory convergence performances; (2) adaptively determine platoon size in response to varying traffic conditions; and (3) completely avoid deadlocks at the intersection. By comparison with other control methods, the model manifests its superiority of adopting adaptive platooning and DRL-based coordination strategies. Also, the model outperforms several state-of-the-art methods on reducing travel time and fuel consumption in different traffic conditions.
description: This paper has been submitted to Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies and is currently under review
What determines the grain size distribution in galaxies?
Creators: name: Asano, Ryosuke S.
name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu T.
name: Hirashita, Hiroyuki
name: Nozawa, Takaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a dust evolution model taking into account the grain size distribution, and investigate what kind of dust processes determine the grain size distribution at each stage of galaxy evolution. In addition to the dust production by type II supernovae (SNeII) and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, we consider three processes in the ISM: (i) dust destruction by SN shocks, (ii) metal accretion onto the surface of preexisting grains in the cold neutral medium (CNM) (called grain growth), and (iii) grain-grain collisions (shattering and coagulation) in the warm neutral medium (WNM) and CNM. We found that the grain size distribution in galaxies is controlled by stellar sources in the early stage of galaxy evolution, and that afterwards the main processes that govern the size distribution changes to those in the ISM. Since shattering produces a large abundance of small grains (consequently, the surface-to-volume ratio of grains increases), it enhances the efficiency of grain growth, contributing to the significant increase of the total dust mass. Grain growth creates a large bump in the grain size distribution around a ~ 0.01 μm. Coagulation occurs effectively after the number of small grains is enhanced by shattering, and the grain size distribution is deformed to have a bump at a ~ 0.03 - 0.05 μm at t ~ 10 Gyr. We conclude that the evolutions of the total dust mass and the grain size distribution in galaxies are closely related to each other, and the grain size distribution changes considerably through the galaxy evolution because the dominant dust processes which regulate the grain size distribution change.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 2 of The presence and potential impact of psychological safety in the healthcare setting: an evidence synthesis
Creators: name: Grailey, K. E.
name: Murray, E.
name: Reader, T.
name: Brett, S. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Results of Individual Studies.
Additional file 3 of The presence and potential impact of psychological safety in the healthcare setting: an evidence synthesis
Creators: name: Grailey, K. E.
name: Murray, E.
name: Reader, T.
name: Brett, S. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supporting Quotes: Experiences of Psychological Safety.
Additional file 4 of The presence and potential impact of psychological safety in the healthcare setting: an evidence synthesis
Creators: name: Grailey, K. E.
name: Murray, E.
name: Reader, T.
name: Brett, S. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Possible consequences of high or low psychological safety.
Full time-dependent counting statistics of highly entangled biphoton states
Creators: name: Nauth, Julian K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highly entangled biphoton states, generated by spontaneous parametric processes, find wide applications in many experimental realizations. There is an increasing demand for accurate prediction of their time-dependent detection. Unlike approaches that have emerged so far, this paper presents an approach providing full time-dependent counting statistics in terms of efficiently computable formulas, valid for a wide range of entanglement and arbitrary interaction times. General spatial modes are taken into account to describe free space and fiber propagation. The time intervals that correspond to the statistics are classified according to their widths. Apart from large and small widths compared to the temporal correlation width, intermediate interval widths give access to accidental correlations between separated time intervals. Moreover, the approach is easily applicable to a modular array of arbitrary optical components and external influences. This is demonstrated on phase-time coding, where the detuning of the interferometers affecting Franson interference is investigated. An acceptable range for the detuning is estimated, such that the security of the key is not compromised.
description: final, published version
Data-driven, multi-moment fluid modeling of Landau damping
Creators: name: Cheng, Wenjie
name: Fu, Haiyang
name: Wang, Liang
name: Dong, Chuanfei
name: Jin, Yaqiu
name: Jiang, Mingle
name: Ma, Jiayu
name: Qin, Yilan
name: Liu, Kexin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deriving governing equations of complex physical systems based on first principles can be quite challenging when there are certain unknown terms and hidden physical mechanisms in the systems. In this work, we apply a deep learning architecture to learn fluid partial differential equations (PDEs) of a plasma system based on the data acquired from a fully kinetic model. The learned multi-moment fluid PDEs are demonstrated to incorporate kinetic effects such as Landau damping. Based on the learned fluid closure, the data-driven, multi-moment fluid modeling can well reproduce all the physical quantities derived from the fully kinetic model. The calculated damping rate of Landau damping is consistent with both the fully kinetic simulation and the linear theory. The data-driven fluid modeling of PDEs for complex physical systems may be applied to improve fluid closure and reduce the computational cost of multi-scale modeling of global systems.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Computer Physics Communications, in press
Back-to-back inclusive dijets in DIS at small $x$: Sudakov suppression and gluon saturation at NLO
Creators: name: Caucal, Paul
name: Salazar, Farid
name: Schenke, Björn
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Back-to-back dijet cross-sections in deeply inelastic scattering (DIS) at small $x_{\rm Bj}$ are suppressed by many-body multiple scattering and screening effects arising from gluon saturation at high parton densities. They are similarly sensitive in these kinematics to large Sudakov logarithms from soft gluon radiation. Uncovering novel physics in this DIS channel therefore requires understanding the interplay of the two phenomena. In this work, we compute the small $x_{\rm Bj}$ inclusive dijet DIS cross-section in back-to-back kinematics at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the Color Glass Condensate effective field theory (CGC EFT). Our result includes, for the first time, all real and virtual NLO contributions to the impact factor. These include all Sudakov double and single logarithm contributions, as well as all other finite $\mathcal{O}(α_s)$ terms that contribute at this order. We demonstrate explicitly that resummations of small $x$ and Sudakov logarithms can be performed simultaneously in the CGC EFT. This requires that the JIMWLK kernel for small $x$ evolution of the Weizsäcker-Williams (WW) gluon distribution satisfies a kinematic constraint imposed by lifetime ordering of successive gluon emissions; the corresponding modifications to the kernel, corresponding to resummations of large double transverse logarithms, are precisely of the type required to stabilize JIMWLK evolution beyond leading logarithmic accuracy. We compute the azimuthal harmonics of the NLO back-to-back distributions and show their sensitivity to both the unpolarized and linearly polarized WW gluon distributions. Finally, we discuss how TMD factorization is broken by an emergent saturation scale at small $x$.
description: v2: added subsection 5.3 summarizing results, matches the published version. v1: 77 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Transition from wave turbulence to dynamical crumpling in vibrated elastic plates
Creators: name: Miquel, Benjamin
name: Alexakis, Alexandros
name: Josserand, Christophe
name: Mordant, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical regime of wave turbulence of a vibrated thin elastic plate based on experimental and numerical observations. We focus our study to the strongly non linear regime described in a previous letter by N. Yokoyama & M. Takaoka. At small forcing, a weakly non linear regime is compatible with the Weak Turbulence Theory when the dissipation is localized at high wavenumber. When the forcing intensity is increased, a strongly non linear regime emerges: singular structures dominate the dynamics at large scale whereas at small scales the weak turbulence is still present. A turbulence of singular structures, with folds and D-cones, develops that alters significantly the energy spectra and causes the emergence of intermittency.
description: accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Events in social networks : a stochastic actor-oriented framework for dynamic event processes in social networks
Creators: name: Stadtfeld, Christoph
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: Stochastic
Actor-oriented
Framework
Dynamic
Event
Processes
Social
Networks

description: Interactions between people are ubiquitous. When people make phone calls, transfer money, connect on social network sites, or visit each other, these actions can be collected as dyadic, directed, relational events. Each of those events can be understood as driven by multiple individual decisions that at least partially involve rational considerations. This book aims at developing models that allow to understand individual event decisions in the context of large social networks.
Additional file 5 of The presence and potential impact of psychological safety in the healthcare setting: an evidence synthesis
Creators: name: Grailey, K. E.
name: Murray, E.
name: Reader, T.
name: Brett, S. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: Facilitators and Barriers to Psychological Safety.
title:  Il forziere del vescovo. Vicende e basi materiali della signoria dei presuli volterrani nella seconda meta del Duecento
Creators: name: Paganelli, Jacopo
Publisher: name: Università di Pisa
Year: 2019

description: Lo studio si propone di ricostruire l'entità e la natura delle basi materiali della signoria dei vescovi di Volterra nella seconda metà del XIII secolo, nel contesto della più generale storia toscana.
A Coarse-to-Fine Approach for Urban Land Use Mapping Based on Multisource Geospatial Data
Creators: name: Zhou, Qiaohua
name: Cao, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Timely and accurate land use mapping is a long-standing problem, which is critical for effective land and space planning and management. Due to complex and mixed use, it is challenging for accurate land use mapping from widely-used remote sensing images (RSI) directly, especially for high-density cities. To address this issue, in this paper, we propose a coarse-to-fine machine learning-based approach for parcel-level urban land use mapping, integrating multisource geospatial data, including RSI, points-of-interest (POI), and area-of-interest (AOI) data. Specifically, we first divide the city into built-up and non-built-up regions based on parcels generated from road networks. Then, we adopt different classification strategies for parcels in different regions, and finally combine the classified results into an integrated land use map. The results show that the proposed approach can significantly outperform baseline method that mixes built-up and non-built-up regions, with accuracy increase of 25% and 30% for level-1 and level-2 classification, respectively. In addition, we examine the rarely explored AOI data, which can further boost the level-1 and level-2 classification accuracy by 13% and 14%. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and also indicate the usefulness of AOIs for land use mapping, which are valuable for further studies.
description: Presented at the 29th International Conference on Geoinformatics
title: On the design and control of soft robotics-enabled prosthetic hands
Creators: name: Piazza, Cristina
Publisher: name: Università di Pisa
Year: 2019

description: Since the 16th century, science and engineering have endeavored to match the richness and complexity of the sensory and motor functionality of the human hand. State of art of prosthetic hands is divided between simple and reliable gripper like systems and sophisticate hands that offer a greater range and variety of movements but which, unfortunately, are correspondingly more difficult to control. For this reason, despite notable advances in technology and research, the function of prosthetic hands and the satisfaction of users remain low. However, in recent decades, a growing interest in soft robotics and simplification of the mechanical design, e.g. through underactuation mechanisms and the use of synergies, suggest a new and promising direction. This thesis aims to exploit the potential of these emerging trends and move a step towards robust and reliable prosthetic technologies, characterized by simple and intuitive control while maintaining sufficient functional performance to be useful in daily tasks. This study proposes strategies to optimize the performance of a prosthetic hand, achieving a useful trade-off between complexity in mechanical design and control.
Longitudinal fluctuations of the center of mass of the participants in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Vovchenko, V.
name: Anchishkin, D.
name: Csernai, L. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for computing the probability density of event-by-event participant center-of-mass rapidity y^{c.m.} is presented. The evaluations of the y^{c.m.} distribution are performed for different collision energies and different centralities. We show that for certain conditions the rapidity distribution is described by a Gaussian with a variance determined mostly by the collision centrality. It is found that the width of the y^{c.m.} distribution increases strongly for more peripheral collisions, while it depends weakly on the collision energy. Other theoretical estimates of rapidity distribution are presented and questions of interaction and separation between spectators and participants are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, references added, minor changes to match published version
title: Erucic acid: BfR endorses proposed maximum levels, but foods with added fats should be restricted too: BfR Opinion No 044/2018 of 20 December 2018
Creators: name: Bundesinstitut Für Risikobewertung
Publisher: name: Bundesbehörden und Einrichtungen im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 000

description: BfR-Stellungnahmen, vol. 2018, no. 044
Cooling Process of White Dwarf Stars in Palatini $f(R)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Kalita, Surajit
name: Sarmah, Lupamudra
name: Wojnar, Aneta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple cooling model of white dwarf stars is re-analyzed in Palatini $f(R)$ gravity. Modified gravity affects the white dwarf structures and consequently their ages. We find that the resulting super-Chandrasekhar white dwarfs need more time to cool down than sub-Chandrasekhar ones, or when compared to the Newtonian models.
description: 14 pages including 3 figures; invited article to the collection "Modified Theories of Gravity and Cosmological Applications" in Universe; accepted for publication
Integration of data repositories into EOSC based on communities approaches
Creators: name: Szabo, Dimitri
name: Bamouni, Michel
name: Dzalé Yeumo, Esther
name: Loaec, Mikaël
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: EOSC
Open Science
Agrifood
Agriculture

description: The agriculture, food and environment research community faces many challenges common to other domains: Easily find and publish data, preserve them, and facilitate their treatment and analysis through computing solutions. To address these needs, this use case aims to create a flexible federated research data ecosystem for the agrifood community through four aspects: Data preservation Cloud computing Data discovery Virtual research environments Learn more about this EOSC-Pillar use case
Additional file 1 of Co-creation and prototyping of an intervention focusing on health literacy in management of malaria at community-level in Ghana
Creators: name: Boateng, Millicent Addai
name: Agyei-Baffour, Eter
name: Angel, Sanne
name: Asare, Ofeibea
name: Prempeh, Benjamin
name: Enemark, Ulrika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.