cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Studies on ustilago hordei.
Creators: name: Holmwood, Michael Arthur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Nutritional mutants of Ustilago hordel were used to demonstrate that parasexual recombination occurs within the host plant (Hordeum vulgare) prior to the production of teliospores. The nutritional mutants were also used to show that resistance of the newly-germinated seedling of H. vulgare to U. hordei and of subsequently formed tillers to infection was not correlated, and was probably not controlled by the same gene or genes. The application of gibberellic acid to H. vulgare was found to cause an increase in the overall tiller height of healthy plants by increasing the elongation of Internodal regions 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, and 3-4. There was no increased elongation of internodal regions 4-5 and 5-6. The healthy tillers of diseased plants showed no Internodal elongation when gibberellic acid was applied. Diseased tillers, which are usually shorter than healthy tillers, were also unaffected by the presence of gibberellic acid. The injection of both mating types of U. hordei into the young developing spike of a normally resistant strain of H. vulgare resulted in the production of diseased spikes. This would indicate that blockage to normal infection occurs at the time of seedling penetration, at the level of tiller primordia development, or at the time of spike primordia development.
Path Integrals in Polar Field Variables in QFT
Creators: name: Argyres, E. N.
name: Papadopoulos, C. G.
name: Kleiss, R. H. P.
name: van Kessel, M. T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to transform a $d$-dimensional Euclidean path integral in terms of two (Cartesian) fields to a path integral in terms of polar field variables. First we present a conjecture that states how this transformation should be done. Then we show that this conjecture is correct in the case of two toy models. Finally the conjecture will be proven for a general QFT model with two fields.
MOESM1 of Study on the mechanisms of compound Kushen injection for the treatment of gastric cancer based on network pharmacology
Creators: name: Zhou, Wei
name: Wu, Jiarui
name: Zhu, Yingli
name: Meng, Ziqi
name: Liu, Xinkui
name: Liu, Shuyu
name: Ni, Mengwei
name: Jia, Shanshan
name: Zhang, Jingyuan
name: Guo, Siyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Additional files 1: Table S1. CKI Compound.
Finding the optimum activation energy in DNA breathing dynamics: A Simulated Annealing approach
Creators: name: Chaudhury, Pinaki
name: Metzler, Ralf
name: Banik, Suman K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We demonstrate how the stochastic global optimization scheme of Simulated Annealing can be used to evaluate optimum parameters in the problem of DNA breathing dynamics. The breathing dynamics is followed in accordance with the stochastic Gillespie scheme with the denaturation zones in double stranded DNA studied as a single molecule time series. Simulated Annealing is used to find the optimum value of the activation energy for which the equilibrium bubble size distribution matches with a given value. It is demonstrated that the method overcomes even large noise in the input surrogate data.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, iop article package included
Co-Stone residuated lattices
Creators: name: Mureşan, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03G10, 06F35

description: In this paper we present some applications of the reticulation of a residuated lattice, in the form of a transfer of properties between the category of bounded distributive lattices and that of residuated lattices through the reticulation functor. The results we are presenting are related to co-Stone algebras; among other applications, we transfer a known characterization of m-co-Stone bounded distributive lattices to residuated lattices and we prove that the reticulation functor for residuated lattices preserves the strongly co-Stone hull.
description: 33 pages
MOESM3 of Study on the mechanisms of compound Kushen injection for the treatment of gastric cancer based on network pharmacology
Creators: name: Zhou, Wei
name: Wu, Jiarui
name: Zhu, Yingli
name: Meng, Ziqi
name: Liu, Xinkui
name: Liu, Shuyu
name: Ni, Mengwei
name: Jia, Shanshan
name: Zhang, Jingyuan
name: Guo, Siyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Additional files 3: Table S3. Target of CKI Compound.
Mixed spin-1/2 and spin-1 Ising model with uniaxial and biaxial single-ion anisotropy on Bethe lattice
Creators: name: Ekiz, Cesur
name: Strecka, Jozef
name: Jascur, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mixed spin-1/2 and spin-1 Ising model on the Bethe lattice with both uniaxial as well as biaxial single-ion anisotropy terms is exactly solved by combining star-triangle and triangle-star mapping transformations with exact recursion relations. Magnetic properties (magnetization, phase diagrams and compensation phenomenon) are investigated in detail. The particular attention is focused on the effect of uniaxial and biaxial single-ion anisotropies that basically influence the magnetic behavior of the spin-1 atoms.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Central European Journal of Physics
Magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the interaction between two interplanetary magnetic clouds and its consequent geoeffectiveness
Creators: name: Xiong, Ming
name: Zheng, Huinan
name: Wu, S. T.
name: Wang, Yuming
name: Wang, Shui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical studies of the interplanetary "multiple magnetic clouds (Multi-MC)" are performed by a 2.5-dimensional ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model in the heliospheric meridional plane. Both slow MC1 and fast MC2 are initially emerged along the heliospheric equator, one after another with different time interval. The coupling of two MCs could be considered as the comprehensive interaction between two systems, each comprising of an MC body and its driven shock. The MC2-driven shock and MC2 body are successively involved into interaction with MC1 body. The momentum is transferred from MC2 to MC1. After the passage of MC2-driven shock front, magnetic field lines in MC1 medium previously compressed by MC2-driven shock are prevented from being restored by the MC2 body pushing. MC1 body undergoes the most violent compression from the ambient solar wind ahead, continuous penetration of MC2-driven shock through MC1 body, and persistent pushing of MC2 body at MC1 tail boundary. As the evolution proceeds, the MC1 body suffers from larger and larger compression, and its original vulnerable magnetic elasticity becomes stiffer and stiffer. So there exists a maximum compressibility of Multi-MC when the accumulated elasticity can balance the external compression. With respect to Multi-MC geoeffectiveness, the evolution stage is a dominant factor, whereas the collision intensity is a subordinate one. The magnetic elasticity, magnetic helicity of each MC, and compression between each other are the key physical factors for the formation, propagation, evolution, and resulting geoeffectiveness of interplanetary Multi-MC.
description: 56 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of SEA-MAKE score as a tool for predicting major adverse kidney events in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: results from the SEA-AKI study
Creators: name: Sukmark, Theerapon
name: Lumlertgul, Nuttha
name: Praditpornsilpa, Kearkiat
name: Tungsanga, Kriang
name: Eiam-Ong, Somchai
name: Srisawat, Nattachai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Distribution of the diseases diagnosed in the development cohort (n = 2,856). Table S2. Performance of SEA-MAKE score at various cut-off values to predict major adverse kidney events within 28 days (MAKE28). Table S3. Discrimination comparison of SEA-MAKE score in patients with AKI-after-the-first-day (AKI after D1) assessed at 24, 48, and 72 h after hospital admission (n = 702). Table S4. Predictive ability of SEA-MAKE score in different settings. Table S5. Discrimination of SEA-MAKE score for composite MAKE and each separated endpoints within 28 days after AKI. Figure S1. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for MAKE prediction of the apparent performance and bias-corrected bootstrap performance. Figure S2. Calibration curve analysis comparing between observed and predicted risk of MAKE at each cut-off point of SEA-MAKE score during internal validation. Figure S3. The proposed diagram of SEA-MAKE score in clinical practice as point of care. Table S6. TRIPOD checklist.
An expert system for voltage control and reactive power compensation planning in the HEC system
Creators: name: Le, TL
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The paper describes an application of an Expert system to the control of voltages and to the evaluation of optimum levels of reactive power compensation in electric power systems. The expert system is designed to assist in Hydro Electric Commission (HEC) transmission planning studies. Load flow studies of the future configuration of the power system often indicates problems with low voltage levels. To alleviate such problems a decision is required on the choice of control actions which could include the adjustment of machine terminal voltages, or of tap changers on transformers, or the switching of shunt capacitors. The network sensitivity analysis is utilised to select the most effective control action. The results include specification of the optimal location for shunt capacitors and recommend a size of capacitor bank. The expert system also evaluates the security level for different contingency outages to select the most severe contingency case for the voltage and reactive power control study. The criteria used is based on reactive power reserve margin. The expert system was developed on the basis of a commercial package VP-EXPERT. The concept of the system utilises the sensitivity tree method to formulate the problem and assist in decision¬¨‚â† making. VP-EXPERT interacts with PSSE (Power System Simulator Engineering) which is a power flow software package used by the HEC in load flow analysis. PSSE is provided with an internal data manipulation language !PLAN which allows the creation and analysis of a network sensitivity matrix and the construction of a knowledge base. The expert system has been successfully tested against the AEP 14-bus network and the North-East Tasmania subsystem. Results of these tests are discussed.
title: Effect of Acute Caffeine Ingestion on On-Field Performance in Division 1 Female Field Hockey Players
Creators: name: Fredricks, Nicole Danielle
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: This study aimed to determine the effects of acute caffeine ingestion on on-field performance in collegiate female field hockey players. A placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, crossover experimental design was utilized. The participants (N=10) were female division 1 field hockey players (age: 20.0 ± 1.6 years). They competed in two 60-minute, off-season scrimmages separated by two weeks. They were randomly assigned to ingest the caffeine, 3 mg/kg of body weight, or placebo treatment 60 minutes before each scrimmage. They wore a PLAYERTEK (Catapult, Australia) global positioning system (GPS) device to track their total distance, sprint distances, power plays, and zone three and above distance throughout the scrimmages. Other measures included rating of perceived exertion (RPE), rating of fatigue (ROF), and caffeine side effects. The GPS, RPE, and ROF data was analyzed using two-way within-subjects ANOVAs (time x condition), while side effect data were analyzed with Wilcoxon-Signed Rank testing. There was a significant increase in ROF over time during both scrimmages (p <0.001) for both the caffeine and placebo conditions, but no condition or condition-by-time effects. There was a significant condition-by-time (p = 0.027) effect for sprint distance, although there were no significant time, condition, or condition-by-time effects for any of the other GPS outcomes. There was no statistical significance between the conditions in change scores for any of the side effects measured. In conclusion, it is unlikely that caffeine at a dose of 3 mg per kg of body mass elicits major benefits to on-field performance among division 1 female field hockey players who habitually consume caffeine.
Statistical investigation of the ocean charter market
Creators: name: Proctor, Irving Leroy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Most studies in the area of ocean shipping are descriptive. Certain aspects of tramp shipping have been subjected to empirical analysis, but few authors have been concerned with an objective study of the behaviour of charter rates. The major purpose of this thesis is to analyse the behaviour of tramp shipping rates over the years 1960 -1968, and to discover what impact the forces of supply and demand had on voyage and time charter rates during those years. To accomplish this objective, the thesis is divided into two distinct parts: the first half of the text is confined to identifying the various markets that exist in the shipping industry today. Incorporated with this discussion are pertinent facts and figures that exemplify the changing pattern of vessel ownership within the industry, as well as the impressive growth and diversification of the various facets of ocean shipping. The second half of the text is concerned with a statistical analysis of tramp charter rates, ie., voyage and time charters. Monthly data were gathered on several variables of supply and demand in the shipping industry. The relationships between these variables and charter rates were examined in four distinct categories: 1. between the various categories of rates, ie., voyage, time and tanker rates. 2. the relationship between laid up tonnage and charter rates. 3. the relationship between charter rates and the various stages of activity in the shipyards, ie., ship ordering, ship launching and ship completions. 4. the relationship between the demand for shipping space, as indicated by world sea trade, and charter rates. A number of hypotheses concerning the economic behaviour of charter rates with respect to these variables were formulated and tested by means of a series of multiple regression models to determine whether these hypotheses could be accepted or rejected. Initial tests produced what appeared to be some significant results. However, these proved to have high autocorrelation in the residuals. Following more rigorous testing to remove the autocorrelation, the relationships broke down and the hypotheses had to be rejected.
Stochastic optimisation of America's Cup class yachts
Creators: name: Mason, AP
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis describes the design and implementation of an optimisation system for America's Cup Class (ACC) yachts. The system, named VESPA, uses a measure of merit that closely approximates the actual America's Cup race format; a round-robin match-racing tournament, held over many races between a population of candidate designs, using a stochastic wind model. VESPA was used by the Alinghi team to provide design recommendations for the 2007 America's Cup. The optimisation of racing yachts is a problem that has been considered resistant to full analysis due to its complexity. Consequently, attempts at yacht design optimisation to date have been restricted to simplified subsets of the problem. While Velocity Prediction Programs (VPP) have been widely used to provide details of sailing performance for one or more yachts, the statistical models on which these programs are based have not been sufficiently accurate to allow optimisation of hull shapes. Other efforts to automate yacht design optimisation have used an objective function that evaluates the performance of each boat using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis of the hull. This approach suffers from long execution times, which may result in the adoption of a restricted measure of merit, such as hull resistance at a small number of forward speeds, heel and yaw angles. In order to permit the use of the chosen measure of merit while retaining acceptable performance, a sparse sample of designs, derived from a parent hull using a novel parametric transformation method, had their hydrodynamic characteristics calculated by the SPLASH potential flow code. The output from SPLASH was subsequently used to train a set of neural-network based hydrodynamic metamodels for use by the VPP. The need to assess a population of designs for the tournamentbased measure-of-merit makes the problem well suited to stochastic, population based optimisation methods. As a result, a Genetic Algorithm (GA) was chosen to perform the optimisation, using a parsimonious Race Modelling Program (RMP) to simulate a tournament of races based on performance data provided for each boat by the VPP. Each component within the VESPA system was validated to ensure confidence in the optimisation results. Optimisation runs were performed over several months using multiple parent models to investigate the effect of changes to various design variables. Finally, a design optimised by VESPA was tank tested at 1/3 scale, confirming the improvements over its parent design predicted by SPLASH. VESPA proved itself capable of making genuine design improvements to an existing parent model while retaining reasonable execution times. VESPA also revealed several unexpected insights into the nature of the solution space for the design of ACC yachts, including multiple optima and the potential for intransitivity in the solution when interactions between boats at rounding marks are considered.
Postulation of general quartuple fat point schemes in P^3
Creators: name: Ballico, Edoardo
name: Brambilla, Maria Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N05, 15A72, 65D05

description: We study the postulation of a general union $Y$ of double, triple, and quartuple points of $\mathbb{P}^3$. We prove that $Y$ has the expected postulation in degree $d\ge 41$, using the Horace differential lemma. We also discuss the cases of low degree with the aid of computer algebra.
description: 14 pages, to appear in J. Pure App. Algebra
Response of the Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere to solar wind driver and ionosphere load: Results of global MHD simulations
Creators: name: Ming, XIONG
name: Zhong, PENG
name: Youqiu, HU
name: Huinan, ZHENG
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional global magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the solar wind - magnetosphere - ionosphere system are carried out to explore the dependence of the magnetospheric reconnection voltage, the ionospheric transpolar potential, and the field aligned currents (FACs) on the solar wind driver and ionosphere load for the cases with pure southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF). It is shown that the reconnection voltage and the transpolar potential increase monotonically with decreasing Pedersen conductance ($Σ_{\rm P}$), increasing southward IMF strength ($B_{\rm s}$) and solar wind speed ($v_{\rm sw}$). Moreover, both of the region 1 and the region 2 FACs increase when $B_{\rm s}$ and $v_{\rm sw}$ increase, whereas the two currents behave differently in response to $Σ_{\rm P}$. As $Σ_{\rm P}$ increases, the region 1 FAC increases monotonically, but the region 2 FAC shows a non-monotonic response to the increase of $Σ_{\rm P}$: it first increases in the range of (0, 5) Siemens and then decreases for $Σ_P >$ 5 Siemens.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Cables of thin knots and bordered Heegaard Floer homology
Creators: name: Petkova, Ina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 57R58

description: We use bordered Floer homology to give a formula for the knot Floer homology of any (p, pn+1)-cable of a thin knot K in terms of Delta_K(t), tau(K), p, and n. We also give a formula for the Ozsvath-Szabo concordance invariant tau(K_{p, pn+1}) in terms of tau(K), p, and n, and a formula for tau(K_{p,q}) for almost all relatively prime p and q.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures; corrected minor mistakes and expanded exposition
Supersymmetric solutions for non-relativistic holography
Creators: name: Donos, Aristomenis
name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct families of supersymmetric solutions of type IIB and D=11 supergravity that are invariant under the non-relativistic conformal algebra for various values of dynamical exponent z greater than or equal to 4 and 3, respectively. The solutions are based on five- and seven-dimensional Sasaki-Einstein manifolds and generalise the known solutions with dynamical exponent z=4 for the type IIB case and z=3 for the D=11 case, respectively.
description: 14 pages. Comment about skew-whiffed solutions added
AGN accretion disks as spatially resolved by polarimetry
Creators: name: Kishimoto, Makoto
name: Antonucci, Robert
name: Blaes, Omer
name: Lawrence, Andy
name: Boisson, Catherine
name: Albrecht, Marcus
name: Leipski, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A crucial difficulty in understanding the nature of the putative accretion disk in AGNs is that some of its key intrinsic spectral signatures cannot be observed directly. The strong emissions from the broad-line region (BLR) and the obscuring torus, which are generally yet to be spatially resolved, essentially 'bury' such signatures. Here we argue that we can actually isolate the disk emission spectrum by using optical and near-infrared polarization of quasars and uncover the important spectral signatures. In these quasars, the polarization is considered to originate from electron scattering interior to the BLR, so that the polarized flux shows the disk spectrum with all the emissions from the BLR and torus eliminated. The polarized flux observations have now revealed a Balmer edge feature in absorption and a blue near-infrared spectral shape consistent with a specific and robust theoretical prediction. These results critically verify the long-standing picture of an optically thick and locally heated disk in AGNs.
description: Proceedings for "The Universe under the Microscope" (AHAR 2008), held in Bad Honnef (Germany) in April 2008, to be published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series by Institute of Physics Publishing, R. Schoedel, A. Eckart, S. Pfalzner, and E. Ros (eds.)
A scheme for solving hyperbolic problems with symbolic structure
Creators: name: Ruan, Zhuoping
name: Witt, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L35 (Primary) 35L90 (Secondary)

description: Hyperbolic problems can at times be solved employing symbolic arguments. This is especially true for the construction of forward (and backward) fundamental solutions. We formulate a corresponding abstract scheme and illustrate its practicality by a number of instructive examples.
description: 17 pages
A Transiting Hot Jupiter Orbiting a Metal-Rich Star
Creators: name: Dunham, Edward W.
name: Borucki, William J.
name: Koch, David G.
name: Batalha, Natalie M.
name: Buchhave, Lars A.
name: Brown, Timothy M.
name: Caldwell, Douglas A.
name: Cochran, William D.
name: Endl, Michael
name: Fischer, Debra
name: Furesz, Gabor
name: Gautier, Thomas N.
name: Geary, John C.
name: Gilliland, Ronald L.
name: Gould, Alan
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Kjeldsen, Hans
name: Latham, David W.
name: Lissauer, Jack J.
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Meibom, Soren
name: Monet, David G.
name: Rowe, Jason F.
name: Sasselov, Dimitar D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We announce the discovery of Kepler-6b, a transiting hot Jupiter orbiting a star with unusually high metallicity, [Fe/H] = +0.34 +/- 0.04. The planet's mass is about 2/3 that of Jupiter, Mp = 0.67 Mj, and the radius is thirty percent larger than that of Jupiter, Rp = 1.32 Rj, resulting in a density of 0.35 g/cc, a fairly typical value for such a planet. The orbital period is P = 3.235 days. The host star is both more massive than the Sun, Mstar = 1.21 Msun, and larger than the Sun, Rstar = 1.39 Rsun.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, submitted to the Astrophysical Journal Letters
title: Egress and human behaviour in fire: the North American experience
Creators: name: Proulx, G.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: human behaviour
subject: pre-movement time
subject: voice message
subject: Human behaviour
subject: Comportement humain

description: International Seminar on Global Trends and Upcoming Challenges of Performance-Based Design Policy: 17 April 2008, Seoul, South Korea
description: International Seminar on Global Trends and Upcoming Challenges of Performance-Based Design Policy, Proceedings, Pages 153-170
Arabic Mini-ClimateGPT : A Climate Change and Sustainability Tailored Arabic LLM
Creators: name: Mullappilly, Sahal Shaji
name: Shaker, Abdelrahman
name: Thawakar, Omkar
name: Cholakkal, Hisham
name: Anwer, Rao Muhammad
name: Khan, Salman
name: Khan, Fahad Shahbaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Climate change is one of the most significant challenges we face together as a society. Creating awareness and educating policy makers the wide-ranging impact of climate change is an essential step towards a sustainable future. Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT and Bard have shown impressive conversational abilities and excel in a wide variety of NLP tasks. While these models are close-source, recently alternative open-source LLMs such as Stanford Alpaca and Vicuna have shown promising results. However, these open-source models are not specifically tailored for climate related domain specific information and also struggle to generate meaningful responses in other languages such as, Arabic. To this end, we propose a light-weight Arabic Mini-ClimateGPT that is built on an open-source LLM and is specifically fine-tuned on a conversational-style instruction tuning curated Arabic dataset Clima500-Instruct with over 500k instructions about climate change and sustainability. Further, our model also utilizes a vector embedding based retrieval mechanism during inference. We validate our proposed model through quantitative and qualitative evaluations on climate-related queries. Our model surpasses the baseline LLM in 88.3% of cases during ChatGPT-based evaluation. Furthermore, our human expert evaluation reveals an 81.6% preference for our model's responses over multiple popular open-source models. Our open-source demos, code-base and models are available here https://github.com/mbzuai-oryx/ClimateGPT.
description: Accepted to EMNLP 2023 (Findings)
Mixmaster: Fact and Belief
Creators: name: Heinzle, J. Mark
name: Uggla, Claes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dynamics towards the initial singularity of Bianchi type IX vacuum and orthogonal perfect fluid models with a linear equation of state. Surprisingly few facts are known about the `Mixmaster' dynamics of these models, while at the same time most of the commonly held beliefs are rather vague. In this paper, we use Mixmaster facts as a base to build an infrastructure that makes it possible to sharpen the main Mixmaster beliefs. We formulate explicit conjectures concerning (i) the past asymptotic states of type IX solutions and (ii) the relevance of the Mixmaster/Kasner map for generic past asymptotic dynamics. The evidence for the conjectures is based on a study of the stochastic properties of this map in conjunction with dynamical systems techniques. We use a dynamical systems formulation, since this approach has so far been the only successful path to obtain theorems, but we also make comparisons with the `metric' and Hamiltonian `billiard' approaches.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures
Building a marine cadastre for South Korea
Creators: name: Lee, HS
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: With the enactment of Ocean Korea 21 (2000), South Korea has made a commitment towards the sustainable development of its ocean and coastal resources, based on principles of integrated and effective management. The complexities of marine area management are highlighted in the Korean situation, with a complex legal and institutional framework, changing economic priorities, escalating conflicts related to resource use, and increasing pressure to address ecosystem problems. South Korea is in a difficult political and geographical situation, with jurisdictional conflict in its maritime regions. Consequently the need to establish an integrated marine management system is fundamentally important to South Korea. Despite the absence of physically marked boundaries, and despite the complexity of reliable marine positioning, maritime boundaries and their associated rights, restrictions, and responsibilities are absolutely real and must be well managed and adhered to (Collier et al. 2003). In this thesis, an examination of marine environmental, policy and information management issues, particularly in the Australian and South Korean contexts, has contributed to recommendations for a marine cadastral system for South Korea.
title: Human behavior of importance for train & train station egress
Creators: name: Proulx, G.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: human behaviour
subject: pre-movement time
subject: voice message
subject: human behaviour
subject: comportement humain

description: International Seminar on Train Fire Safety, Keynote Presentation: 18 April 2008, Seoul, South Korea
description: International Seminar on Train Fire Safety [Proceedings]
A rigorous lower confidence bound for the expectation of a positive random variable
Creators: name: Gat, Yoram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G15 (Primary) 62G30 (Secondary)

description: Given an IID sample from a positive distribution, we provide a method for constructing rigorous finite sample lower confidence bounds for the expectation of the distribution. The method is based on constructing rigorous confidence regions for the cdf of the distribution. We provide some analysis of the asymptotical behavior of the rigorous LCBs. We apply the method to obtain an LCB for a particular, controversial, empirical data set, where the validity of standard methods has been called into question.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-EJS308 the Electronic Journal of Statistics (http://www.i-journals.org/ejs/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Formaldehyde Anti-Inversion at z=0.68 in the Gravitational Lens B0218+357
Creators: name: Zeiger, Benjamin
name: Darling, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new observations of the 110-111 (6 cm) and 211-212 (2 cm) transitions of ortho-formaldehyde (o-H2CO) in absorption at z=0.68466 toward the gravitational lens system B0218+357. Radiative transfer modeling indicates that both transitions are anti-inverted relative to the 4.6 K cosmic microwave background (CMB), regardless of the source covering factor, with excitation temperatures of ~1 K and 1.5-2 K for the 110-111 and 211-212 lines, respectively. Using these observations and a large velocity gradient radiative transfer model that assumes a gradient of 1 km s^-1 pc^-1, we obtain a molecular hydrogen number density of 2x10^3 cm^-3 < n(H2) < 1x10^4 cm^-3 and a column density of 2.5x10^13 cm^-2 < N(o-H2CO) < 8.9x10^13 cm^-2, where the allowed ranges conservatively include the range of possible source covering factors in both lines. The measurements suggest that H2CO excitation in the absorbing clouds in the B0218+357 lens is analogous to that in Galactic molecular clouds: it would show H2CO absorption against the CMB if it were not illuminated by the background quasar or if it were viewed from another direction.
description: 10 pages, 6, figures, 6 tables
Collaborative System Design of Mixed Reality Communication for Medical Training
Creators: name: Rebol, Manuel
name: Pietroszek, Krzysztof
name: Ranniger, Claudia
name: Hood, Colton
name: Rutenberg, Adam
name: Sikka, Neal
name: Guetl, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the design of a mixed reality (MR) telehealth training system that aims to close the gap between in-person and distance training and re-training for medical procedures. Our system uses real-time volumetric capture as a means for communicating and relating spatial information between the non-colocated trainee and instructor. The system's design is based on a requirements elicitation study performed in situ, at a medical school simulation training center. The focus is on the lightweight real-time transmission of volumetric data - meaning the use of consumer hardware, easy and quick deployment, and low-demand computations. We evaluate the MR system design by analyzing the workload for the users during medical training. We compare in-person, video, and MR training workloads. The results indicate that the overall workload for central line placement training with MR does not increase significantly compared to video communication. Our work shows that, when designed strategically together with domain experts, an MR communication system can be used effectively for complex medical procedural training without increasing the overall workload for users significantly. Moreover, MR systems offer new opportunities for teaching due to spatial information, hand tracking, and augmented communication.
description: https://hdl.handle.net/10125/102680
A Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopic survey of the faint M31 satellites And XV and And XVI
Creators: name: Letarte, B.
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Collins, M.
name: Ibata, R. A.
name: Irwin, M. J.
name: Ferguson, A. M. N.
name: Lewis, G. F.
name: Martin, N.
name: McConnachie, A.
name: Tanvir, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a spectroscopic survey of the recently discovered M31 satellites And XV and And XVI, lying at projected distances from the centre of M31 of 93 and 130 kpc respectively. These satellites lie to the South of M31, in regions of the stellar halo which wide field imaging has revealed as relative voids (compared to the degree-scale coherent stream-like structures). Using the DEep Imaging Multi-Object Spectrograph mounted on the Keck II telescope, we have defined probable members of these satellites, for which we derive radial velocities as precise as ~6 km/s down to i~21.5. While the distance to And XVI remains the same as previously reported (525pm50 kpc), we have demonstrated that the brightest three stars previously used to define the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB) in And XV are in fact Galactic, and And XV is actually likely to be much more distant at 770pm70 kpc (compared to the previous 630 kpc), increasing the luminosity from MV -9.4 to MV~-9.8. The And XV velocity dispersion is resolved with vr =-339+7-6 km/s and sigma-v = 11+7-5 km/s. The And XVI dispersion is not quite resolved at 1sigma with vr =-385+5-6 km/s and sigma-v = 0+10-indef km/s. Using the photometry of the confirmed member stars, we find metallicities of And XV (median [Fe/H]=-1.58, interquar- tile range +-0.08), and And XVI (median [Fe/H]=-2.23, interquartile range +-0.12). Stacking the spectra of the member stars, we find spectroscopic [Fe/H]=-1.8 (-2.1) for And XV (And XVI), with a uncertainty of ~0.2 dex in both cases. Our measure- ments of And XV reasonably resolve its mass (~10^8 Msun) and suggest a polar orbit, while the velocity of And XVI suggests it is approaching the M31 escape velocity given its large M31-centric distance.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted in MNRAS (small revisions from previous version)
Text noise filtering methods for web information management
Creators: name: Kim, YS
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: As people use the Web information as their major knowledge resource, the development of computerized Web information management systems is becoming one of the major streams in the Internet area. There are three major problems in this development: the first problem is about the ambiguity of target documents, the so called 'ontology problem'. Text mining and ontology research mainly focus on this aspect. The second problem is that it is not easy to find the location of information. This has been a well known problem from the early stages of Web technology. Many people focus on the push style information delivery technology to replace the current pull style - for example, RSS (Really Simple Syndication) and automated Web information monitoring systems. The third issue is about the complexity of the information on the Web page. This has been less considered in Web research, but people are now starting to recognize it as a more crucial conundrum in the real world application. This research thesis focuses on this third problem. The goal of the research is to identify the core information from the heterogeneous Web page information. This core information contains materials which publishers want to impart to users. However, Web pages also contain 'noisy information' such as redundant information and functional information. Whereas core information helps knowledge management, 'noise information' may impede efficient knowledge management. Noisy text filtering methods consist of three filtering modules: phrase length based filter, tag based filter, redundant words elimination filter, and redundant phrases elimination filter. Extensive comparative experiments have been conducted with real world data sets which are collected from online news Web service sites (ABC, BBC, and CNN). Experiment results show this approach works efficiently and effectively.
On Asymptotic Global Error Estimation and Control of Finite Difference Solutions for Semilinear Parabolic Equations
Creators: name: Debrabant, Kristian
name: Lang, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M15, 65M20, 65M60

description: The aim of this paper is to extend the global error estimation and control addressed in Lang and Verwer [SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 29, 2007] for initial value problems to finite difference solutions of semilinear parabolic partial differential equations. The approach presented there is combined with an estimation of the PDE spatial truncation error by Richardson extrapolation to estimate the overall error in the computed solution. Approximations of the error transport equations for spatial and temporal global errors are derived by using asymptotic estimates that neglect higher order error terms for sufficiently small step sizes in space and time. Asymptotic control in a discrete $L_2$-norm is achieved through tolerance proportionality and uniform or adaptive mesh refinement. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the reliability of the estimation and control strategies.
Nursing problems of the paraplegic patient as seen by the nurse
Creators: name: Linstrom, Myrna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A body of nursing knowledge in rehabilitation cannot be attained until the specific problems nurses encounter in their work are identified. The purpose of this study was the identification of some of the specific nursing problems in relation to the paraplegic. This study included interviews with seventeen nurses caring for paraplegics during the three stages of their rehabilitation, during the acute stage, during the time of intensive rehabilitation, and after returning to the community. A basically unstructured interview method was used, permitting the nurses a wide scope in identifying nursing problems they had encountered. The specific nursing problems were summarized within components of a typology developed during the study. A total of sixty-eight different specific nursing problems were identified a total of 247 times. The greatest number of different specific nursing problems, fourteen, were within the component of the typology of psychological-emotional problems. The psychological-emotional problem identified most frequently, twelve times, was that of trying to help the paraplegic face the future as a disabled person. The largest per cent of the total number of nursing problems identified, 35.22 per cent, were within the component of the typology of physical problems. The three most frequently identified nursing problems were within this component. These were, maintaining the bowel and bladder function, thirty-one times, maintaining the integrity of the skin, twenty times, and being alert for complications, sixteen times. The largest number of different nursing problems, thirty, and the greatest per cent of the total number of nursing problems, 63.56 per cent, concerned the paraplegic himself. Seventeen different nursing problems, 19.84 per cent of the total number of nursing problems identified, concerned the paraplegic's relationship to those outside of the health care system. There were sixteen different nursing problems, 12.96 per cent of the total number of nursing problems, concerned with the paraplegic's relationship to the health care system. The remaining 3.64 per cent of the total number of nursing problems, five different ones, concerned the paraplegic's inanimate surroundings. Research should be done to discover the best way of solving the specific nursing problems identified in this study. Many of them are currently being dealt with by intuition or trial and error, others are being ignored. It also would be well to discover what paraplegics identify as their needs or problems as they move through the various stages of the rehabilitation program. Nursing which is aimed at helping the paraplegic accomplish his goals should be alert to what he regards as his problems and help him arrive at a satisfactory solution to them.
Biopython project update 2020
Creators: name: Cock, Peter
name: Contributors, The Biopython
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: The Biopython Project is a long-running distributed collaborative effort, supported by the Open Bioinformatics Foundation, which develops a freely available Python library for biological computation. This talk will look ahead to the year to come, and give a summary of the project news since the 1.74 release in July 2019, and the talk at BOSC 2019.

There have been three releases: Biopython 1.75 (November 2019), Biopython 1.76 (December 2019), and Biopython 1.77 (May 2020). This year saw the adoption of the black Python coding style, our final release to support Python 2, and substantial code cleanup to focus on Python 3 only.

In 2017 we started a re-licensing plan, to transition away from our liberal but unique Biopython License Agreement to the similar but very widely used 3-Clause BSD License. We are reviewing the code base authorship file-by-file, to gradually dual license the entire project. All new contributions are dual licensed, and currently over 75% of the Python and C files in the main library have been dual licensed.

Another important effort had been improving the unit test coverage, which can be viewed at CodeCov.io. Sadly, this has stalled at about 85% (excluding online tests) for some time.

We are using GitHub-integrated continuous integration testing on Linux (using TravisCI) and Windows (using AppVeyor), including enforcing the Python PEP8, PEP257 and black coding style guidelines. We recommend a simple git pre-commit hook using flake8 for our contributors, which aims to reduce the human time costs in writing compliant code.

Finally, since our last update talk in July 2019, Biopython has had 39 named contributors including 16 newcomers. This reflects our policy of trying to encourage even small contributions. Our total named contributor count is now at 278 since the project began, over twenty year ago.
MOESM2 of De novo variants in exomes of congenital heart disease patients identify risk genes and pathways
Creators: name: Sevim Bayrak, Cigdem
name: Zhang, Peng
name: Tristani-Firouzi, Martin
name: Gelb, Bruce
name: Itan, Yuval
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Variant types of filtered 320 DNVs in cases, Figure S2. A phylogenetic tree of biological distances between 32 known CHD-causing genes and 95 candidate genes in cases, Figure S3. Cardiac phenotypes considered in this study, Figure S4. Minor allele frequency of all missense mutations in: A) HSP90AA1, B) ROCK2, C) IQGAP1, D) CHD4.
From Thermodynamics to the Bound on Viscosity
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the generalized second law of thermodynamics may shed much light on the mysterious Kovtun-Son-Starinets (KSS) bound on the ratio of viscosity to entropy density. In particular, we obtain the lower bound $η/s +O(η^3/s^3)\geq 1/4π$. Furthermore, for conformal field theories we obtain a new fundamental bound on the value of the relaxation coefficient $τ_π$ of causal hydrodynamics, which has been the focus of much recent attention: $(τ_πT)^2\geq {{(\sqrt{3}-1)}/{2π^2}}$.
description: 4 pages