Eurycyde kaiouti Sabroux & Hassanin & Corbari 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sabroux, Romain
name: Hassanin, Alexandre
name: Corbari, Laure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Pycnogonida
Pantopoda
Ascorhynchidae
Eurycyde
Eurycyde kaiouti

description: Eurycyde kaiouti sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 8B0E31E8-5FB3-47DF-8BED-F63E014DA6B7
Fig. 9A–J nec Eurycyde raphiaster Loman, 1912 – Sabroux et al. 2019a: fig. 2d–f; 2019b (pro parte): 1525, 1531,
tab. 1, figs 3, 5.
Material examined
Holotype MARTINIQUE • ♂; Rocher du Diamant; 14°26.7ʹ N, 61°02.4ʹ W; depth 14 m; 14 Sep. 2016; st. AB175; MNHN-IU-2016-1129/ MK411058.
Paratypes MARTINIQUE • 1 ♀; E of Le Vauclin; 14°34.2ʹ N, 60°44.8ʹ W; depth 90 m; 14 Sep. 2016; st. AD231; MNHN-IU-2016-821 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1200 • 1 ♂; CasePilote; 14°38.3ʹ N, 61°08.4ʹ W; depth 12 m; 8 Sep. 2016; st. AB159; MNHN-IU-2016-820 • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♂ ov.; Rocher du Diamant; 14°26.7ʹ N, 61°02.3ʹ W; depth 19–21 m; 9 Sep. 2016; st. AS 057; MNHN- IU-2016-540 • 1 ♂, 1 ♂ ov.; Pointe du Diamant; 14°27.5ʹ N, 61°02.9ʹ W; depth 3 m; 15 Sep. 2016; st. AB126; MNHN-IU-2016-542 • 1 ♂ ov., 1 ♀; Bellefontaine; 14°39.7ʹ N, 61°09.6ʹ W; depth 12 m; 30 Sep. 2016; st. AB372; MNHN-IU-2016-1032 • 1 ♂; Baie de Fort-de-France; 14°34.3ʹ N, 61°02.7ʹ W; depth 7 m; 7 Oct. 2016; st. AB394; MNHN-IU-2016-1045/ MK411033 • 1 ♂; Fond Boucher; 14°39.3ʹ N, 61°09.6ʹ W; depth 37–40 m; 1 Oct. 2016; st. AD283; MNHN-IU-2016-1052 • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; 2 juvs; Baie de St-Pierre; 14°45.1ʹ N, 61°11ʹ W; depth 17 m; 4 Oct. 2016; st. AB388; MNHN-IU-2016-1056 • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Rocher du Diamant; 14°26.7ʹ N, 61°02.3ʹ W; depth 4–10 m; 14 Sep. 2016; st. AB123; MNHN-IU-2016-1067 • 1 juv.; Anse Couleuvre; 14°50.4ʹ N, 61°13.4ʹ W; depth 7 m; 1 Oct. 2016; st. AB463; MNHN-IU-2016-1077 • 8 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 2 juvs; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN- IU-2016-1121 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; MNHN-IU-2016-1145/ MK411064 • 2 ♀♀; N of Presqu’Île de la Caravelle; 14°52.9ʹ N, 60°50.6ʹ W; depth 61 m; 19 Sep. 2016; st. AD249; MNHN- IU-2016-1082 • 1 ♂; Presqu’Île de la Caravelle; 14°47.5ʹ N, 60°57.4ʹ W; depth 14 m; 4 Oct. 2016; st. AB562; MNHN-IU-2016-1089/ MK411046 • 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Le Lorrain; 14°50.7ʹ N, 61°03.8ʹ W; depth 11–14 m; 6 Oct. 2016; st. AS 565; MNHN-IU-2016-1115 • 1 ♀; Presqu’Île de la Caravelle; 14°48.4ʹ N, 60°52.8ʹ W; depth 23–25 m; 20 Sep. 2016; st. AB197; MNHN-IU-2016-1137/ MK411061 • 1 ♂; Fond Boucher; 14°39.3ʹ N, 61°09.4ʹ W; depth 0–14 m; 27 Sep. 2016; st. AS 363; MNHN-IU-2016-1162 • 1 ♂, 1 ♂ ov.; Trois Rivières; 14°27.5ʹ N, 60°58.2ʹ W; depth 17 m; 9 Oct. 2016; st. AB578; MNHN- IU-2016-1166 • 2 ♂♂; Trois Rivières; 14°27.7ʹ N, 60°57.8ʹ W; depth 4–5 m; 25 Sep. 2016; st. AB354; MNHN-IU-2016-1170 • 1 ♂; Baie de Fort-de-France; 14°33.2ʹ N, 61°01.6ʹ W; depth 6 m; 6 Oct. 2016; st. AB390; MNHN-IU-2016-1178/ MK411072 • 1 juv.; Le Robert; 14°41.1ʹ N, 60°51.4ʹ W; depth 10 m; 19 Sep. 2016; st. AB195; MNHN-IU-2016-1181 • 1 ♂; Le Vauclin; 14°32ʹ N, 60°49ʹ W; depth 1 m; 16 Sep. 2016; st. AB130; MNHN-IU-2016-1187/ MK411075 • 2 ♀♀; Grande Anse du Diamant; 14°27.9ʹ N, 61°01.4ʹ W; depth 17 m; 26 Sep. 2016; st. AB358; MNHN-IU-2016-1209 • 1 ♀; Presqu’Île de la Caravelle; 14°47.3ʹ N, 60°57.4ʹ W; depth 19 m; 21 Sep. 2016; st. AB301; MNHN-IU-2016-1229 • 1 ♂, 1 juv.; Grande Anse du Diamant; 14°28ʹ N, 61°00.1ʹ W; depth 12 m; 26 Sep. 2016; st. AB360; MNHN- IU-2016-1237 • 2 ♀♀; Grande Anse du Diamant; 14°27.9ʹ N, 61°01.2ʹ W; depth 15 m; 15 Sep. 2016; st. AB179; MNHN-IU-2016-1241 • 1 ♀; Anse des Galets; 14°51.4ʹ N, 61°12.8ʹ W; depth 0–10 m; 7 Oct. 2016; st. AB567; MNHN-IU-2016-1244/ MK411085 • 1 ♀; Presqu’Île de la Caravelle; 14°44.1ʹ N, 60°50.8ʹ W; depth 29 m; 18 Sep. 2016; st. AS 253; MNHN-IU-2016-1261/ MK411089 • 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; N of Presqu’Île de la Caravelle; 14°52.5ʹ N, 60°51.1ʹ W; depth 58 m; 19 Sep. 2016; st. AD248; MNHN- IU-2016-1296 • 1 ♀; Rocher du Diamant; 14°26.6ʹ N, 61°02.4ʹ W; depth 22 m; 9 Sep. 2016; st. AB163; MNHN-IU-2019-3391 • 2 ♂♂; Rocher du Diamant; 14°26.5ʹ N, 61°02.4ʹ W; depth 24 m; 14 Sep. 2016; st. AB173; MNHN-IU-2019-3392.
Etymology
Apposition of the Kalinago (Caribbean) word ‘ kaiouti ’, ‘which has spines’, in reference to the long tubercles of coxae 1.
Description (holotype, ♂, MNHN-IU-2016-1129)
BODY. Trunk granulous, completely segmented with posterior margin flaring. No dorsomedian ornamentation. Ocular tubercle tall, carrying four pigmented eyes and seven thick setae around ocular tubercle tip. Oviger base almost touching lateral processes. Lateral processes about 1.5 times as long as wide, 4 th pair shortest, well separated by less than half their own diameter, distally bearing a dorsomedially pointing tubercle, without seta or spine at tip.
PROBOScIS. Bipartite, anterior part as petiole, posterior part pyriform, about as long as body, anterior and posterior parts articulated together.
ABDOMEN. Long, extending beyond coxa 1 of 4 th leg. Distal part inflated, carrying long thick setae. Base articled with trunk, movable, tip conical.
CHELIFORE. 3-articled, reaching beyond proximal petiole of proboscis. Scape 2-articled, 1 st article longest, with distal dorsomedian thick seta. 2 nd article carrying many thick setae dorsally. Chela residual, with non-functional finger.
PALP. 10-articled, with setae mostly on ventral side of last five articles. 1 st article about as long as wide, carrying one dorsal pointy tubercle. 2 nd article shortest, shorter than wide. 3 rd article longest, with distal thick setae. 4 th article slightly longer than wide. 5 th article 0.7 times as long as 3 nd, carrying several thick setae. 6 th article about twice as long as wide, 6 th and 10 th articles subequal in length, shorter than 7 th. 7 th, 8 th and 9 tharticles subequal in length.
OvIGER. 10-articled, with scarce setae. 1 st article shortest, as short as wide. 2 nd and 3 rd articles subequal. 4 th and 5 th articles subequal in length, 5 th article curved. 6 th articles 3 times as long as broad, longer than 7 th article. 7 th article longest within strigilis. 8 th, 9 th and 10 th articles subequal. Compound spines of strigilis in 2 rows. Terminal claw shorter than 10 th article.
LEGS. Slender with many thick setae. Coxa 1 shortest, about as long as wide, with 2 long dorsolateral pointy tubercles on distal margin, anterior one about as long as 1 st coxa, posterior one at least twice as long as anterior one and carrying long thick seta at base for 1 st to 3 rd legs. Coxa 2 slightly longer than broad. Coxa 3 as long as wide. Femur with cement gland tube at about mid-length on anterior side and many thick setae distally. Tibia 1 13 times as long as wide, about 1.3 times as long as femur, thinner, with many dorsal thick setae at about mid-length. Tibia 2 subequal to tibia 1. Tarsus medium-sized, trapezoid. Propodus gently curved, about half as long as tibia 2; sole carrying many small spines. Main claw curved, about ⅓ as long as propodus. No auxiliary claw.
MEASUREMENTS (mm). Trunk 1.05; abdomen 0.55; proboscis 1.42; chelifore 1.05; coxa 1 0.23; coxa 2 0.27; coxa 3 0.16; femur 0.72; tibia 1 0.92; tibia 2 0.90; tarsus 0.10; propodus 0.48; main claw 0.16.
Sexual dimorphism
Females with shorter oviger articles; anterior dorsolateral pointy tubercle of coxa 1 often shorter than in males.
Individual variability
Size of pointy dorsolateral tubercles of coxa 1 variable among specimens, posterior one always longer (or rarely as long) than length of coxa 1, anterior one always shorter, posterior tubercle always conspicuously longer than anterior tubercle. In holotype specimen, posterior dorsolateral pointy tubercle of coxa 1 curved anteriorly, but may curve posteriorly in other specimens.
Remarks
Eurycyde kaiouti sp. nov. can be discriminated from most other species of Eurycyde by the following combination of characters: (i) the ocular tubercle presents long thick setae (the number of these setae may vary with loss and we do not recommend using it as a criterion); (ii) the coxa 1 carries dorsaly a long thick seta on the first, second and third legs, as well as two laterodistal tubercles on all four legs; (iii) lateral processes bear one pointy tubercle dorsally. These characters are only shared with E. raphiaster Loman, 1912, to which it is very close morphologically. Comparing with the illustration in Bouvier (1917) of the type material, the two tubercles of coxae 1 in E. raphiaster are subequal in length and less long than coxa 1 (shorter in females). Instead, E. kaiouti presents a posterior coxa 1 tubercle that is much longer than the anterior one: the anterior tubercle is shorter than coxa 1, the posterior one longer, or rarely as long. This difference between E. raphiaster and E. kaiouti is recovered also in juveniles. Furthermore, we observe that, in Martinique material, the tibia 1 in E. kaiouti is shorter than in E. raphiaster, e.g., 13 times as long as wide for the E. kaiouti holotype against 15 times for E. raphiaster specimen MNHN-IU-2016-818. The two species can be distinguished based on CO1 barcodes (E. kaiouti intraspecific p-distance = 0–0.013; interspecific p-distance with E. raphiaster = 0.173 –0.187; see Appendix).
One specimen recorded in Sabroux et al. (2019b), MNHN-IU-2016-819, is morphologically very similar to the holotype of Eurycyde kaiouti sp. nov., but falls in a barcode cluster on its own that is very divergent from the E. kaiouti cluster (p-distance = 0.182 –0.188, see Appendix). Because it is the only specimen showing such genetic divergence, and since morphological differences are small, we cannot discriminate it as another species relying on morphological characters. For this reason, we choose to keep this specimen as Eurycyde sp. Further material from NWTA Eurycyde should be barcoded and studied to resolve the status of this specimen.
Eurycyde kaiouti was widely collected on both Atlantic and Caribbean coasts.
Distribution
Only known from Martinique.
Depth range
1– 90 m.
description: Published as part of Sabroux, Romain, Hassanin, Alexandre & Corbari, Laure, 2022, Sea spiders (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida) collected during the Madibenthos Expedition from Martinique shallow waters, pp. 1-141 in European Journal of Taxonomy 851 (1) on pages 44-48, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.851.1999, http://zenodo.org/record/7428095