cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Mechanics in a Space with Finite Number of Points
Creators: name: Arik, Metin
name: Ildes, Medine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a deformed kinetic energy operator for a discrete position space with a finite number of points. The structure may be either periodic or nonperiodic with well-defined end points. It is shown that for the nonperiodic case the translation operator becomes nonunitary due to the end points. This uniquely defines an algebra which has the desired unique representation. Energy eigenvalues and energy wave functions for both cases are found. As expected, in the continuum limit the solution for the nonperiodic case becomes the same as the solution of an infinite one dimensional square well and the periodic case solution becomes the same as the solution of a particle in a box with periodic boundary conditions.
Influence of Climate Extremes and Land Use on Fecal Contamination of Shallow Tubewells in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Yunus, Mohammad
name: Emch, Michael
name: Islam, Md. Sirajul
name: Wu, Jianyong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Climate extremes in conjunction with some land use practices are expected to have large impacts on water quality. However, the impacts of land use and climate change on fecal contamination of groundwater has not been well characterized. This work quantifies the influences of extreme weather events and land use practices on Escherichia coli presence and concentration in groundwater from 125 shallow wells, a dominant drinking water resource in rural Bangladesh, monitored over a 17 month period. The results showed that E. coli presence was significantly associated with the number of heavy rain days, developed land and areas with more surface water. These variables also had significant impacts on E. coli concentration, with risk ratios of 1.38 (95% CI = 1.16, 1.65), 1.07 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.09), and 1.02 (95% CI = 1.01, 1.03), respectively. Significant synergistic effects on E. coli presence and concentration were observed when land use and weather variables were combined. The findings suggest that climate extre...
Development and feasibility study of treatment continuation intervention for fertility care
Creators: name: Boivin, Jacky
name: Gameiro, Sofia
name: Stadler, Gertraud
name: Morey, Richard
name: Harrison, China
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: The aim of the proposed research is to examine whether it is possible to develop a treatment continuation intervention to strengthen intentions to do timely multi-cycle ART that is acceptable to patients and doctors. To achieve this aim the following research objectives are planned: 1. Identify determinants (including challenges) of undergoing multiple ART cycles (hereafter multi-cycle ART) (survey). 2. Determine the essential features of consultations about uptake of a cycle at the start of treatment and after a failed cycle (from patient and doctor perspective) (focus groups) 3. Develop a prototype of the Treatment Continuation Intervention (TCI) 4. Test the acceptability of the TCI prototype to patients and doctors (cognitive interviews)
Screening Nonionic Surfactants for Enhanced Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Remaining in Soil After Conventional Biological Treatment
Creators: name: Nakamura, Jun
name: Shea, Damian
name: Adrion, Alden C.
name: Aitken, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: A total of five nonionic surfactants (Brij 30, Span 20, Ecosurf EH-3, polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate, and R-95 rhamnolipid) were evaluated for their ability to enhance PAH desorption and biodegradation in contaminated soil after treatment in an aerobic bioreactor. Surfactant doses corresponded to aqueous-phase concentrations below the critical micelle concentration in the soil-slurry system. The effect of surfactant amendment on soil (geno)toxicity was also evaluated for Brij 30, Span 20, and POESH using the DT40 B-lymphocyte cell line and two of its DNA-repair-deficient mutants. Compared to the results from no-surfactant controls, incubation of the bioreactor-treated soil with all surfactants increased PAH desorption, and all except R-95 substantially increased PAH biodegradation. POESH had the greatest effect, removing 50% of total measured PAHs. Brij 30, Span 20, and POESH were particularly effective at enhancing biodegradation of four- and five-ring PAHs, including five of the seven carcinogenic ...
Race and Sports Protest
Creators: name: Sargent, Michael
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: In the spring of 2020, we collected survey data on opinions of political protests by athletes. We preregistered a set of factor analyses (https://osf.io/r3yzq/?view_only=b77164ddbb7a4611a96a68d1fc969a3c), and we have completed those. Based on what we learned, we are now prepared to conduct substantive analyses.
Neonatal Metabolomic Profiles Related to Prenatal Arsenic Exposure
Creators: name: Fry, Rebecca C.
name: Rubio-Andrade, Marisela
name: Stýblo, Miroslav
name: Pathmasiri, Wimal
name: García-Vargas, Gonzalo
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Drobná, Zuzana
name: Smeester, Lisa
name: Douillet, Christelle
name: Sumner, Susan J.
name: Bailey, Kathryn A.
name: McRitchie, Susan
name: Laine, Jessica E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Prenatal inorganic arsenic (iAs) exposure is associated with health effects evident at birth and later in life. An understanding of the relationship between prenatal iAs exposure and alterations in the neonatal metabolome could reveal critical molecular modifications, potentially underpinning disease etiologies. In this study, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomic analysis was used to identify metabolites in neonate cord serum associated with prenatal iAs exposure in participants from the Biomarkers of Exposure to ARsenic (BEAR) pregnancy cohort, in GoÌmez Palacio, Mexico. Through multivariable linear regression, ten cord serum metabolites were identified as significantly associated with total urinary iAs and/or iAs metabolites, measured as %iAs, %monomethylated arsenicals (MMAs), and %dimethylated arsenicals (DMAs). A total of 17 metabolites were identified as significantly associated with total iAs and/or iAs metabolites in cord serum. These metabolites are indicative of changes in important biochemical pathways such as vitamin metabolism, the citric acid (TCA) cycle, and amino acid metabolism. These data highlight that maternal biotransformation of iAs and neonatal levels of iAs and its metabolites are associated with differences in neonate cord metabolomic profiles. The results demonstrate the potential utility of metabolites as biomarkers/indicators of in utero environmental exposure.
Enhanced asymmetrically-clipped optical OFDM
Creators: name: Lowery, Arthur James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Asymmetrically clipped optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (ACO-OFDM) is a technique that sacrifices spectral efficiency in order to transmit an orthogonally frequency-division multiplexed signal over a unipolar channel, such as a directly modulated direct-detection fiber or free-space channel. Several methods have been proposed to regain this spectral efficiency, including: asymmetrically clipped DC-biased optical OFDM (ADO-OFDM), enhanced U-OFDM (EU-OFDM), and spectral and energy efficient OFDM (SEE-OFDM). This paper presents a new method that offers the highest receiver sensitivity for a given optical power at spectral efficiencies above 3 bit/s/Hz, having a 7-dB sensitivity advantage over DC-biased OFDM for 1024-QAM at 87.5% of its spectral efficiency, at the same bit rate and optical power.
description: 13 pages, 9 Figures (Addition of Author's Note referring to recent publications on Layered ACO-OFDM and SEE-OFDM Arxiv version of 28th Oct 2015). (Addition of Author's note 9th Mar 16 with citations to Opt. Express version and others)
Feedback questionnaire used in the University of Tartu introductory ROS MOOC
Creators: name: Schumann, Sandra
name: Siiman, Leo A.
name: Kruusamäe, Karl
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Questions in the feedback questionnaire sent to the participants in the University of Tartu introductory ROS MOOC "ROSi algkursus". The course took place from September to November 2022 and participants were asked to fill out the questionnaire after the end of the course.
Second order elastic metrics on the shape space of curves
Creators: name: Bauer, Martin
name: Bruveris, Martins
name: Harms, Philipp
name: Møller-Andersen, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58B20 (Primary), 62H25, 62H30 (Secondary)

description: Second order Sobolev metrics on the space of regular unparametrized planar curves have several desirable completeness properties not present in lower order metrics, but numerics are still largely missing. In this paper, we present algorithms to numerically solve the initial and boundary value problems for geodesics. The combination of these algorithms allows to compute Karcher means in a Riemannian gradient-based optimization scheme. Our framework has the advantage that the constants determining the weights of the zero, first, and second order terms of the metric can be chosen freely. Moreover, due to its generality, it could be applied to more general spaces of mapping. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by analyzing a collection of shapes representing physical objects.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Potential of Aerosol Liquid Water to Facilitate Organic Aerosol Formation: Assessing Knowledge Gaps about Precursors and Partitioning
Creators: name: Waxman, Eleanor M.
name: Sareen, Neha
name: Volkamer, Rainer
name: Turpin, Barbara J.
name: Carlton, Annmarie G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Isoprene epoxydiol (IEPOX), glyoxal, and methylglyoxal are ubiquitous water-soluble organic gases (WSOGs) that partition to aerosol liquid water (ALW) and clouds to form aqueous secondary organic aerosol (aqSOA). Recent laboratory-derived Setschenow (or salting) coefficients suggest glyoxal's potential to form aqSOA is enhanced by high aerosol salt molality, or "salting-in". In the southeastern U.S., aqSOA is responsible for a significant fraction of ambient organic aerosol, and correlates with sulfate mass. However, the mechanistic explanation for this correlation remains elusive, and an assessment of the importance of different WSOGs to aqSOA is currently missing. We employ EPA's CMAQ model to the continental U.S. during the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) to compare the potential of glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and IEPOX to partition to ALW, as the initial step toward aqSOA formation. Among these three studied compounds, IEPOX is a dominant contributor, ∼72% on average in the continental U.S., to potential aqSOA mass due to Henry's Law constants and molecular weights. Glyoxal contributes significantly, and application of the Setschenow coefficient leads to a greater than 3-fold model domain average increase in glyoxal's aqSOA mass potential. Methylglyoxal is predicted to be a minor contributor. Acid or ammonium - catalyzed ring-opening IEPOX chemistry as well as sulfate-driven ALW and the associated molality may explain positive correlations between SOA and sulfate during SOAS and illustrate ways in which anthropogenic sulfate could regulate biogenic aqSOA formation, ways not presently included in atmospheric models but relevant to development of effective control strategies.
Simulating Aqueous-Phase Isoprene-Epoxydiol (IEPOX) Secondary Organic Aerosol Production During the 2013 Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS)
Creators: name: Surratt, Jason D.
name: Nenes, Athanasios
name: Pye, Havala O. T.
name: Budisulistiorini, Sri Hapsari
name: Carlton, Annmarie G.
name: McNeill, V. Faye
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The lack of statistically robust relationships between IEPOX (isoprene epoxydiol)-derived SOA (IEPOX SOA) and aerosol liquid water and pH observed during the 2013 Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) emphasizes the importance of modeling the whole system to understand the controlling factors governing IEPOX SOA formation. We present a mechanistic modeling investigation predicting IEPOX SOA based on Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model algorithms and a recently introduced photochemical box model, simpleGAMMA. We aim to (1) simulate IEPOX SOA tracers from the SOAS Look Rock ground site, (2) compare the two model formulations, (3) determine the limiting factors in IEPOX SOA formation, and (4) test the impact of a hypothetical sulfate reduction scenario on IEPOX SOA. The estimated IEPOX SOA mass variability is in similar agreement (r 2 ∼ 0.6) with measurements. Correlations of the estimated and measured IEPOX SOA tracers with observed aerosol surface area (r 2 ∼ 0.5-0.7), rate of particle-phase reaction (r 2 ∼ 0.4-0.7), and sulfate (r 2 ∼ 0.4-0.5) suggest an important role of sulfate in tracer formation via both physical and chemical mechanisms. A hypothetical 25% reduction of sulfate results in ∼70% reduction of IEPOX SOA formation, reaffirming the importance of aqueous phase chemistry in IEPOX SOA production.
The Essential Role for Laboratory Studies in Atmospheric Chemistry
Creators: name: Abbatt, Jonathan P. D.
name: Nizkorodov, Sergey A.
name: Ng, Nga Lee
name: Surratt, Jason D.
name: Wahner, Andreas
name: Burkholder, James B.
name: Barnes, Ian
name: McNeill, V. Faye
name: Crowley, John N.
name: Keutsch, Frank N.
name: Kroll, Jesse H.
name: Bertram, Allan K.
name: Weschler, Charles J.
name: Orlando, John J.
name: Tyndall, Geoffrey S.
name: Picquet-Varrault, Bénédicte
name: Herrmann, Hartmut
name: George, Christian
name: Tong, Zhu
name: Carlton, Annmarie G.
name: Thornton, Joel A.
name: Ammann, Markus
name: Ziemann, Paul J.
name: Heard, Dwayne E.
name: Tanimoto, Hiroshi
name: Roberts, James M.
name: Carpenter, Lucy J.
name: Percival, Carl J.
name: Wilson, Kevin R.
name: Cappa, Christopher D.
name: Rudich, Yinon
name: Melamed, Megan L.
name: Seakins, Paul W.
name: Dubowski, Yael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Laboratory studies of atmospheric chemistry characterize the nature of atmospherically relevant processes down to the molecular level, providing fundamental information used to assess how human activities drive environmental phenomena such as climate change, urban air pollution, ecosystem health, indoor air quality, and stratospheric ozone depletion. Laboratory studies have a central role in addressing the incomplete fundamental knowledge of atmospheric chemistry. This article highlights the evolving science needs for this community and emphasizes how our knowledge is far from complete, hindering our ability to predict the future state of our atmosphere and to respond to emerging global environmental change issues. Laboratory studies provide rich opportunities to expand our understanding of the atmosphere via collaborative research with the modeling and field measurement communities, and with neighboring disciplines.
Combined chiral and diquark fluctuations along QCD critical line and enhanced baryon production with parity doubling
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhao
name: Kunihiro, Teiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that there should exist the large combined fluctuations of chiral and diquark condensates along the phase boundary of QCD at moderately high density and relatively low temperature. Such fluctuations might lead to anomalous production of nucleons and its parity partner, which we propose to detect at NICA.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in EPJA in a special issue devoted to the White Paper of the NICA Project (co-editor David Blaschke)
Generalized Reflection Root Systems
Creators: name: Gorelik, Maria
name: Shaviv, Ary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a combinatorial object, which we call a GRRS (generalized reflection root system); the classical root systems and GRSs introduced by V. Serganova are examples of finite GRRSs. A GRRS is finite if it contains a finite number of vectors and is called affine if it is infinite and has a finite minimal quotient. We prove that an irreducible GRRS containing an isotropic root is either finite or affine; we describe all finite and affine GRRSs and classify them in most of the cases.
description: 27 pages
VIA11 Brainmapping interference control
Creators: name: Johnsen, Line
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Biological Psychology
subject: Child Psychology
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Bipolar disorder
subject: Familial high risk for severe mental disorders
subject: Interference control
subject: schizophrenia
subject: task-related fMRI

description: In the VIA 11 Brain-mapping interference control project, we investigate a cohort of 11 year-old children with FHR-SZ (N = 202), FHR-BP (N = 120) and population-based controls (PBC, N = 200) with the aim of identifying possible behavioral and functional neurobiological markers of FHR-SZ and FHR-BP. Specifically, we use fMRI to measure brain activity while participants perform a modified Eriksen flanker task assessing interference control abilities. Due to the multi-site design, we aim to conduct a within-study between-cite replication of all registered hypotheses described herein.
Global Behavior of the Douglas-Rachford Method for a Nonconvex Feasibility Problem
Creators: name: Artacho, Francisco J. Aragón
name: Borwein, Jonathan M.
name: Tam, Matthew K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C26, 65K05

description: In recent times the Douglas-Rachford algorithm has been observed empirically to solve a variety of nonconvex feasibility problems including those of a combinatorial nature. For many of these problems current theory is not sufficient to explain this observed success and is mainly concerned with questions of local convergence. In this paper we analyze global behavior of the method for finding a point in the intersection of a half-space and a potentially non-convex set which is assumed to satisfy a well-quasi-ordering property or a property weaker than compactness. In particular, the special case in which the second set is finite is covered by our framework and provides a prototypical setting for combinatorial optimization problems.
Perceptions of Sound Judgment in Decision Making 2
Creators: name: Dorfman, Anna
name: Machery, Edouard
name: Grossmann, Igor
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: • This study aims to replicate our previous findings – a cross-cultural consensus that internal reasoning is the most sound and the preferred decision-making strategy – accounting for two alternative explanations for preferring internal over external strategies: (1) the mention of external strategies as presenting varying advice may have prompted avoidance of engaging in more complex/effortful processing and (2) the stipulation of ignoring other sources of information (e.g., ignoring one’s internal reasoning when relying on external decision-guiding strategies) may have prompted least-bad choices rather than positive preferences.
Glaubensbotschaft als "gesunde Lehre"?
Creators: name: Stachel, Günter
name: Hilberath, Bernd Jochen
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 33 Nr. 1 (1979): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 33, Heft 1
Clustering genes of common evolutionary history
Creators: name: Gori, Kevin
name: Suchan, Tomasz
name: Alvarez, Nadir
name: Goldman, Nick
name: Dessimoz, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Phylogenetic inference can potentially result in a more accurate tree using data from multiple loci. However, if the loci are incongruent--due to events such as incomplete lineage sorting or horizontal gene transfer--it can be misleading to infer a single tree. To address this, many previous contributions have taken a mechanistic approach, by modelling specific processes. Alternatively, one can cluster loci without assuming how these incongruencies might arise. Such "process-agnostic" approaches typically infer a tree for each locus and cluster these. There are, however, many possible combinations of tree distance and clustering methods; their comparative performance in the context of tree incongruence is largely unknown. Furthermore, because standard model selection criteria such as AIC cannot be applied to problems with a variable number of topologies, the issue of inferring the optimal number of clusters is poorly understood. Here, we perform a large-scale simulation study of phylogenetic distances and clustering methods to infer loci of common evolutionary history. We observe that the best-performing combinations are distances accounting for branch lengths followed by spectral clustering or Ward's method. We also introduce two statistical tests to infer the optimal number of clusters and show that they strongly outperform the silhouette criterion, a general-purpose heuristic. We illustrate the usefulness of the approach by (i) identifying errors in a previous phylogenetic analysis of yeast species and (ii) identifying topological incongruence among newly sequenced loci of the globeflower fly genus Chiastocheta. We release treeCl, a new program to cluster genes of common evolutionary history (http://git.io/treeCl).
description: accepted at Molecular Biology and Evolution
Advancing Dose–Response Assessment Methods for Environmental Regulatory Impact Analysis: A Bayesian Belief Network Approach Applied to Inorganic Arsenic
Creators: name: Garcia-Vargas, Gonzalo
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
name: Rubio-Andrade, Marisela
name: Gibson, Jacqueline MacDonald
name: Zabinski, Joseph W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Dose-response functions used in regulatory risk assessment are based on studies of whole organisms and fail to incorporate genetic and metabolomic data. Bayesian belief networks (BBNs) could provide a powerful framework for incorporating such data, but no prior research has examined this possibility. To address this gap, we develop a BBN-based model predicting birthweight at gestational age from arsenic exposure via drinking water and maternal metabolic indicators using a cohort of 200 pregnant women from an arsenic-endemic region of Mexico. We compare BBN predictions to those of prevailing slope-factor and reference-dose approaches. The BBN outperforms prevailing approaches in balancing false-positive and false-negative rates. Whereas the slope-factor approach had 2% sensitivity and 99% specificity and the reference-dose approach had 100% sensitivity and 0% specificity, the BBN's sensitivity and specificity were 71% and 30%, respectively. BBNs offer a promising opportunity to advance health risk assessment by incorporating modern genetic and metabolomic data.
Exploring the molecular chemistry and excitation in obscured luminous infrared galaxies: An ALMA mm-wave spectral scan of NGC 4418
Creators: name: Costagliola, F.
name: Sakamoto, K.
name: Muller, S.
name: Martín, S.
name: Aalto, S.
name: Harada, N.
name: van der Werf, P.
name: Viti, S.
name: Garcia-Burillo, S.
name: Spaans, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained an ALMA Cycle 0 spectral scan of the dusty LIRG NGC 4418, spanning a total of 70.7 GHz in bands 3, 6, and 7. We use a combined local thermal equilibrium (LTE) and non-LTE (NLTE) fit of the spectrum in order to identify the molecular species and derive column densities and excitation temperatures. We derive molecular abundances and compare them with other Galactic and extragalactic sources by means of a principal component analysis. We detect 317 emission lines from a total of 45 molecular species, including 15 isotopic substitutions and six vibrationally excited variants. Our LTE/NLTE fit find kinetic temperatures from 20 to 350 K, and densities between 10$^5$ and 10$^7$ cm$^{-3}$. The spectrum is dominated by vibrationally excited HC$_3$N, HCN, and HNC, with vibrational temperatures from 300 to 450 K. We find high abundances of HC$_3$N, SiO, H$_2$S, and c-HCCCH and a low CH$_3$OH abundance. A principal component analysis shows that NGC 4418 and Arp 220 share very similar molecular abundances and excitation, which clearly set them apart from other Galactic and extragalactic environments. The similar molecular abundances observed towards NCG 4418 and Arp 220 are consistent with a hot gas-phase chemistry, with the relative abundances of SiO and CH$_3$OH being regulated by shocks and X-ray driven dissociation. The bright emission from vibrationally excited species confirms the presence of a compact IR source, with an effective diameter $$350 K. The molecular abundances and the vibrationally excited spectrum are consistent with a young AGN/starburst system. We suggest that NGC 4418 may be a template for a new kind of chemistry and excitation, typical of compact obscured nuclei (CON). Because of the narrow line widths and bright molecular emission, NGC 4418 is the ideal target for further studies of the chemistry in CONs.
description: accepted by A&A on 29/06/2015
Brunia noduliflora Goldblatt & J. C. Manning
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Brunia
Brunia noduliflora

description: Brunia noduliflora Goldblatt & J.C. Manning in Strelitzia 9: 706. 2000. – Type: South Africa, Western Cape, Dutoitskloof, Esterhuysen 9690 (BOL!, holo).
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1149, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
Spectral method for efficient computation of time-dependent phenomena in complex lasers
Creators: name: Malik, O.
name: Makris, K. G.
name: Türeci, H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying time-dependent behavior in lasers is analytically difficult due to the saturating non-linearity inherent in the Maxwell-Bloch equations and numerically demanding because of the computational resources needed to discretize both time and space in conventional FDTD approaches. We describe here an efficient spectral method to overcome these shortcomings in complex lasers of arbitrary shape, gain medium distribution, and pumping profile. We apply this approach to a quasi-degenerate two-mode laser in different dynamical regimes and compare the results in the long-time limit to the Steady State Ab Initio Laser Theory (SALT), which is also built on a spectral method but makes a more specific ansatz about the long-time dynamical evolution of the semiclassical laser equations. Analyzing a parameter regime outside the known domain of validity of the stationary inversion approximation, we find that for only a narrow regime of pump powers the inversion is not stationary, and that this, as pump power is further increased, triggers a synchronization transition upon which the inversion becomes stationary again. We provide a detailed analysis of mode synchronization (aka cooperative frequency locking), revealing interesting dynamical features of such a laser system in the vicinity of the synchronization threshold.
Temporal Trends in Exposure to Organophosphate Flame Retardants in the United States
Creators: name: Webster, Thomas F.
name: Hoffman, Kate
name: Congleton, Johanna
name: Makey, Colleen
name: Butt, Craig M.
name: Preston, Emma V.
name: Lorenzo, Amelia M.
name: Mendelsohn, Emma
name: Price, Thomas M.
name: Stapleton, Heather M.
name: Hoyo, Cathrine
name: Cooper, Ellen M.
name: Carignan, Courtney
name: Meeker, John D.
name: Hammel, Stephanie C.
name: Daniels, Julie L.
name: Soubry, Adelheid
name: Murphy, Susan K.
name: Hauser, Russ
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: During the past decade, use of organophosphate compounds as flame retardants and plasticizers has increased. Numerous studies investigating biomarkers (i.e., urinary metabolites) demonstrate ubiquitous human exposure and suggest that human exposure may be increasing. To formally assess temporal trends, we combined data from 14 U.S. epidemiologic studies for which our laboratory group previously assessed exposure to two commonly used organophosphate compounds, tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPHP). Using individual-level data and samples collected between 2002 and 2015, we assessed temporal and seasonal trends in urinary bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), the metabolites of TDCIPP and TPHP, respectively. Data suggest that BDCIPP concentrations have increased dramatically since 2002. Samples collected in 2014 and 2015 had BDCIPP concentrations that were more than 15 times higher than those collected in 2002 and 2003 (10β = 16....
A first-principles study on the phonon transport in layered BiCuOSe
Creators: name: Shao, Hezhu
name: Tan, Xiaojian
name: Liu, Guo-Qiang
name: Jiang, Jun
name: Jiang, Haochuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations are employed to investigate the phonon transport of BiCuOSe. Our calculations reproduce the lattice thermal conductivity of BiCuOSe. The calculated gruneisen parameter is 2.4~2.6 at room temperature, a fairly large value indicating a strong anharmonicity in BiCuOSe, which leads to its ultralow lattice thermal conductivity. The contribution to total thermal conductivity from high-frequency optical phonons, which are mostly contributed by the vibrations of O atoms, is larger than 1/3, remarkably different from the usual picture with very little contribution from high-frequency optical phonons. Our calculations show that both the high group velocities and low scattering processes involved make the high-frequency optical modes contribute considerably to the total lattice thermal conductivity. In addition, we show that the sound velocity and bulk modulus along $a$ and $c$ axes exhibit strong anisotropy, which results in the anisotropic thermal conductivity in BiCuOSe.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Single-electron coherence: finite temperature versus pure dephasing
Creators: name: Moskalets, Michael
name: Haack, Géraldine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a coherent injection of single electrons on top of the Fermi sea in two situations, at finite-temperature and in presence of pure dephasing. Both finite-temperature and pure dephasing change the property of the injected quantum states from pure to mixed. However, we show that the temperature-induced mixedness does not alter the coherence properties of these single-electronic states. In particular two such mixed states exhibit perfect antibunching while colliding at an electronic wave splitter. This is in striking difference with the dephasing-induced mixedness which suppresses antibunching. On the contrary, a single-particle shot noise is suppressed at finite temperatures but is not affected by pure dephasing. This work therefore extends the investigation of the coherence properties of single-electronic states to the case of mixed states and clarifies the difference between different types of mixedness.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, invited contribution to a special issue in Physica E on "Frontiers in quantum electronic transport" - in memory of Markus B\"uttiker
Design and methods of a social network isolation study for reducing respiratory infection transmission: The eX-FLU cluster randomized trial
Creators: name: Stanley, Kevin
name: Davis, Brian
name: Eisenberg, Marisa C.
name: Tarter, Kara
name: Osgood, Nathaniel
name: Gao, Hongjiang
name: Walsh, Alison R.
name: Volz, Erik
name: Simanek, Amanda M.
name: Cheng, Caroline
name: Rainey, Jeanette J.
name: Monto, Arnold S.
name: Knowles, Dylan
name: Aiello, Allison E.
name: Uzicanin, Amra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Social networks are increasingly recognized as important points of intervention, yet relatively few intervention studies of respiratory infection transmission have utilized a network design. Here we describe the design, methods, and social network structure of a randomized intervention for isolating respiratory infection cases in a university setting over a 10-week period.
Brunia paleacea P. J. Bergius
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Brunia
Brunia paleacea

description: Brunia paleacea P.J. Bergius, Descr. Pl. Cap.: 56. 1767 ≡ Nebelia paleacea (P.J. Bergius) Sweet, Hort. Brit. 116. 1830; PillansinJ. S. African Bot. 13: 164. 1947 – Type: CBS [Cape of Good Hope], Grubb s.n. (SBT-2.2.10.21, holo).
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1149, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
Longitudinal vector form factors in weak decays of nuclei
Creators: name: Simkovic, F.
name: Kovalenko, S.
name: Krivoruchenko, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The longitudinal form factors of the weak vector current of particles with spin $ J = 1/2 $ and isospin $ I = 1/2 $ are determined by the mass difference and the charge radii of members of the isotopic doublets. The most promising reactions to measure these form factors are the reactions with large momentum transfers involving the spin-1/2 isotopic doublets with a maximum mass splitting. Numerical estimates of longitudinal form factors are given for nucleons and eight nuclear spin-1/2 isotopic doublets.
description: 6 pages. Talk given at the 10th MEDEX'15 meeting Matrix Elements for the Double-beta-decay Experiments, Prague, June 9-12, 2015
YUPQA ENDOMETRIYNING RIVOJLANISHIDA YALLIG'LANISH KASALLIKLARINING O'RNI
Creators: name: Kurbaniyazova, Feruza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Differentsiallanmagan biriktiruvchi to'qima regeneratsiya va yangilanish uchun yuqori imkoniyatlarga ega, bu esa organizmdagi funktsiyalarini samarali bajarishga imkon beradi. Bu xossalari tufayli inson salomatligini ta’minlash va saqlashda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Maqolada biriktiruvchi to'qimaning ushbu shaklini o'rni, uning patologiyalari va ushbu holatni tashxislashning mumkin bo'lgan yondashuvlari muhokama qilinadi. DBTD belgilarining murakkabligi va xilma-xilligini hisobga olgan holda, zamonaviy adabiyotlar ma'lumotlari tahlili keltiriladi.
What Do We Know About the Association Between Firearm Legislation and Firearm-Related Injuries?
Creators: name: Galea, Sandro
name: Villaveces, Andrés
name: Cerdá, Magdalena
name: Santaella-Tenorio, Julian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Firearms account for a substantial proportion of external causes of death, injury, and disability across the world. Legislation to regulate firearms has often been passed with the intent of reducing problems related to their use. However, lack of clarity around which interventions are effective remains a major challenge for policy development. Aiming to meet this challenge, we systematically reviewed studies exploring the associations between firearm-related laws and firearm homicides, suicides, and unintentional injuries/deaths. We restricted our search to studies published from 1950 to 2014. Evidence from 130 studies in 10 countries suggests that in certain nations the simultaneous implementation of laws targeting multiple firearms restrictions is associated with reductions in firearm deaths. Laws restricting the purchase of (e.g., background checks) and access to (e.g., safer storage) firearms are also associated with lower rates of intimate partner homicides and firearm unintentional deaths in children, respectively. Limitations of studies include challenges inherent to their ecological design, their execution, and the lack of robustness of findings to model specifications. High quality research on the association between the implementation or repeal of firearm legislation (rather than the evaluation of existing laws) and firearm injuries would lead to a better understanding of what interventions are likely to work given local contexts. This information is key to move this field forward and for the development of effective policies that may counteract the burden that firearm injuries pose on populations.
Muslim Social Justice Comedians: A Linguistic Analysis of Youtube Comments
Creators: name: Choma, Becky
name: Jagayat, Arvin
name: Sumantry, David
name: Nasser, Leen
name: Social And Political Psychology Lab
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Latest pre-registration for the quantitative component of this study following reviewer feedback.
The NLS limit for bosons in a quantum waveguide
Creators: name: von Keler, Johannes
name: Teufel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of $N$ bosons confined to a thin waveguide, i.e.\ to a region of space within an $\varepsilon$-tube around a curve in $\mathbb{R}^3$. We show that when taking simultaneously the NLS limit $N\to \infty$ and the limit of strong confinement $\varepsilon\to 0$, the time-evolution of such a system starting in a state close to a Bose-Einstein condensate is approximately captured by a non-linear Schrödinger equation in one dimension. The strength of the non-linearity in this Gross-Pitaevskii type equation depends on the shape of the cross-section of the waveguide, while the "bending" and the "twisting" of the waveguide contribute potential terms. Our analysis is based on an approach to mean-field limits developed by Pickl.
description: Final version to appear in Annales Henri Poincare
Brunia (Pseudobaeckea) Class. - Bockh. & E. G. H. Oliv
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Brunia

description: 6.2 Brunia subg. Pseudobaeckea (Nied.) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H. Oliv., comb. et stat. nov. ≡ Pseudobaeckea Nied. in Engler & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 2a: 136. 1891; Pillans in J. S. African Bot. 13: 138. 1947 – Type: Pseudobaeckea cordata (Burm.f.) Nied. [= Brunia cordata Burm.f.]. Stamens included; petals free, shorter than 5 mm, petal bulges forming thick cushion with vertical subdivision; leaves erect-spreading; inflorescences head- or spike-like, 2–6 mm long.
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1150, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
Brief Report: Estimating Differences and Ratios in Median Times to Event
Creators: name: Kang, Gagandeep
name: Westreich, Daniel J.
name: Rogawski, Elizabeth T.
name: Cole, Stephen R.
name: Ward, Honorine D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Time differences and time ratios are often more interpretable estimates of effect than hazard ratios for time-to-event data, especially for common outcomes. We developed a SAS macro for estimating time differences and time ratios between baseline-fixed binary exposure groups based on inverse probability weighted Kaplan-Meier curves. The macro uses pooled logistic regression to calculate inverse probability of censoring and exposure weights, draws Kaplan-Meier curves based on the weighted data, and estimates the time difference and time ratio at a user-defined survival proportion. The macro also calculates the risk difference and risk ratio at a user-specified time. Confidence intervals are constructed by bootstrap. We provide an example assessing the effect of exclusive breastfeeding during diarrhea on the incidence of subsequent diarrhea in children followed from birth to 3 years in Vellore, India. The SAS macro provided here should facilitate the wider reporting of time differences and time ratios.
Brunia monostyla Class. - Bockh. & E. G. H. Oliv.
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Brunia
Brunia monostyla

description: Brunia monostyla (Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H. Oliv., comb. et stat. nov. ≡ Pseudobaeckea cordata var. monostyla PillansinJ. S. African Bot. 13: 140. 1947 – Type: Clanwilliam Div., Warm Baths, Sept 1912, Edwards in Bolus Herbarium 16156 (BOL-120339!, holo).
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1150, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
Naturally Large Radiative Lepton Flavor Violating Higgs Decay Mediated by Lepton-flavored Dark Matter
Creators: name: Baek, Seungwon
name: Kang, Zhaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard model (SM), lepton flavor violating (LFV) Higgs decay is absent at renormalizable level and thus it is a good probe to new physics. In this article we study a type of new physics that could lead to large LFV Higgs decay, i.e., a lepton-flavored dark matter (DM) model which is specified by a Majorana DM and scalar lepton mediators. Different from other similar models with similar setup, we introduce both left-handed and right-handed scalar leptons. They allow large LFV Higgs decay and thus may explain the tentative Br$(h\raτμ)\sim1\%$ experimental results from the LHC. In particular, we find that the stringent bound from $τ\raμγ$ can be naturally evaded. One reason, among others, is a large chirality violation in the mediator sector. Aspects of relic density and especially radiative direct detection of the leptonic DM are also investigated, stressing the difference from previous lepton-flavored DM models.
description: 23 pages. JHEP version, fixing typos and now using a consistent notation
Bidirectional Associations Between Affect and Sleep Polysomnography
Creators: name: ten Brink, Maia
name: Kreibig, Sylvia
name: Gross, James
name: Zhang, Jinxiao
name: Goldstein-Piekarski, Andrea
name: Yan, Yan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Biological Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: PRE-REGISTRATION 8/25/20 TITLE: Bidirectional Associations Between Affect and Sleep Polysomnography, Component 2 AUTHORS (alphabetical): Andrea Goldstein-Piekarski, James J. Gross, Sylvia Kreibig, Clete Kushida, Rachel Manber, Brittany Marsh, Maia ten Brink, Yan Yan, Jinxiao Zhang AIMS: Although anecdotal evidence suggests a clear relationship between how we feel and how we sleep, the literature on bidirectional relationships between sleep and affect is mixed. In the current study, we have measured self-reported morning and evening affect with unipolar scales (negative affect, affective arousal, which we henceforth term arousal, and positive affect) in a two-week daily diary, as well as one night of at-home polysomnography (PSG) using an ambulatory device at the start of the diary period in adult community members in order to better understand the magnitude and direction of bidirectional effects. We specifically aim to better understand bidirectional relationships between affect and spectral characteristics of sleep.
Brunia oblongifolia Class. - Bockh. & E. G. H. Oliv.
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Brunia
Brunia oblongifolia

description: Brunia oblongifolia (Pillans) Class.-Bockh. & E.G.H. Oliv., comb. nov. ≡ Raspalia oblongifolia Pillansin J. S. African Bot. 13: 155. 1947 – Type: Worcester Div., Waaihoek Mts among rocks, 5500 ft, Dec 1942, Esterhuysen 8321 (BOL- 122387!, holo; K-75863!, PRE-433222, S-G-8319, iso).
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1150, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433