cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DNA thermal denaturation by polymer field theory approach: effects of the environment
Creators: name: Holovatch, Yu.
name: von Ferber, C.
name: Honchar, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the effects of the environment (solvent quality, presence of extended structures - crowded environment) that may have impact on the order of the transition between denaturated and bounded DNA states and lead to changes in the scaling laws that govern conformational properties of DNA strands. We find that the effects studied significantly influence the strength of the first order transition. To this end, we re-consider the Poland-Scheraga model and apply a polymer field theory to calculate entropic exponents associated with the denaturated loop distribution. For the $d = 3$ case, the corresponding diverging $ε= 4-d$ expansions are evaluated by restoring their convergence via the resummation technique. For the space dimension $d = 2$, the exponents are deduced from mapping the polymer model onto a two-dimensional random lattice, i.e., in the presence of quantum gravity. We also show that the first order transition is further strengthened by the presence of extended impenetrable regions in a solvent that restrict the number of the macromolecule configurations.
description: Submitted to Condensed Matter Physics Journal
ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อพฤติกรรมหลีกเลี่ยงการใช้ยาเสพติดของนักเรียนระดับประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ สังกัดสำนักงานคณะกรรมการการอาชีวศึกษา จังหวัดกาฬสินธุ์
Creators: name: รังสรรค์ เสนาสิงห์
name: รังสรรค์ สิงหเลิศ
name: สิทธิชัย บุษหมั่น
name: เสาวลักษณ์ โกศลกิตติอัมพร
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2007
Subjects: ปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อพฤติกรรมหลีกเลี่ยงการใช้ยาเสพติด, ประกาศนียบัตรวิชาชีพ, อาชีวศึกษา

description: 1, 1, วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคามมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์
A covariant approach to relativistic large-eddy simulations: The fibration picture
Creators: name: Celora, Thomas
name: Andersson, Nils
name: Hawke, Ian
name: Comer, Gregory L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of turbulent flows require the resolution of a vast range of scales, from large eddies to small-scale features directly associated with dissipation. As the required resolution is not within reach of large scale numerical simulations, standard strategies involve a smoothing of the fluid dynamics, either through time averaging or spatial filtering. These strategies raise formal issues in general relativity, where the split between space and time is observer dependent. To make progress, we develop a new covariant framework for filtering/averaging based on the fibration of spacetime associated with fluid elements and the use of Fermi coordinates to facilitate a meaningful local analysis. We derive the resolved equations of motion, demonstrating how "effective" dissipative terms arise because of the coarse-graining, and paying particular attention to the thermodynamical interpretation of the resolved quantities. Finally, as the smoothing of the fluid-dynamics inevitably leads to a closure problem, we propose a new closure scheme inspired by recent progress in the modelling of dissipative relativistic fluids, and crucially, demonstrate the linear stability of the proposed model.
description: Version as published on Phys. Rev. D
การศึกษาความสามารถในการอ่านของเด็กที่มีปัญหาทางการเรียนรู้โดยใช้วิธีการสอนอ่านเป็นคำ ด้วยเทคนิคการใช้รูปภาพ ช่วงชั้นที่ 1 โรงเรียนบ้านดงเค็งสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษาขอนแก่น เขต 3
Creators: name: สุมาลี จอดนอก
name: ประวิทย์ สิมมาทัน
name: ชวลิต ชูกำแพง
name: จริยาภรณ์ รุจิโมระ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2008
Subjects: ความสามารถในการอ่านเป็นคำ, เด็กที่มีปัญหาทางการเรียนรู้, ช่วงชั้นที่ 1

description: 1, 2, วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคามมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์
Quantifying the Classification of Exoplanets: in Search for the Right Habitability Metric
Creators: name: Safonova, Margarita
name: Mathur, Archana
name: Basak, Suryoday
name: Bora, Kakoli
name: Agrawal, Surbhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What is habitability? Can we quantify it? What do we mean under the term habitable or potentially habitable planet? With estimates of the number of planets in our Galaxy alone running into billions, possibly a number greater than the number of stars, it is high time to start characterizing them, sorting them into classes/types just like stars, to better understand their formation paths, their properties and, ultimately, their ability to beget or sustain life. After all, we do have life thriving on one of these billions of planets, why not on others? Which planets are better suited for life and which ones are definitely not worth spending expensive telescope time on? We need to find sort of quick assessment score, a metric, using which we can make a list of promising planets and dedicate our efforts to them. Exoplanetary habitability is a transdisciplinary subject integrating astrophysics, astrobiology, planetary science, even terrestrial environmental sciences. We review the existing metrics of habitability and the new classification schemes of extrasolar planets and provide an exposition of the use of computational intelligence techniques to evaluate habitability scores and to automate the process of classification of exoplanets. We examine how solving convex optimization techniques, as in computing new metrics such as CDHS and CEESA, cross-validates ML-based classification of exoplanets. Despite the recent criticism of exoplanetary habitability ranking, this field has to continue and evolve to use all available machinery of astroinformatics, artificial intelligence and machine learning. It might actually develop into a sort of same scale as stellar types in astronomy, to be used as a quick tool of screening exoplanets in important characteristics in search for potentially habitable planets for detailed follow-up targets.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, in press
Approximate inversion of discrete Fourier integral operators
Creators: name: Feliu-Fabà, Jordi
name: Ying, Lexing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35S30, 44A12, 65F05

description: This paper introduces a factorization for the inverse of discrete Fourier integral operators that can be applied in quasi-linear time. The factorization starts by approximating the operator with the butterfly factorization. Next, a hierarchical matrix representation is constructed for the hermitian matrix arising from composing the Fourier integral operator with its adjoint. This representation is inverted efficiently with a new algorithm based on the hierarchical interpolative factorization. By combining these two factorizations, an approximate inverse factorization for the Fourier integral operator is obtained as a product of $O(\log N)$ sparse matrices of size $N\times N$. The resulting approximate inverse factorization can be used as a direct solver or as a preconditioner. Numerical examples on 1D and 2D Fourier integral operators, including a generalized Radon transform, demonstrate the performance of this new approach.
The exciton-polariton properties of hexagonal BN based microcavity and their potential applications in BEC and superconductivity
Creators: name: Yang, Huaiyuan
name: Wang, Xinqiang
name: Li, Xin-Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microcavity exciton-polaritons are two-dimensional bosonic quasiparticles composed by excitons and photons. Using model Hamiltonian with parameters generated from ab initio density-functional theory and Bathe-Salpeter Equation calculations, we investigate the exciton and the exciton-polariton properties of hexagnonal boron nitride (hBN) based microcavity. We show that hBN based microcavities, including monolayer and all-dielectric ones, are promising in optoelectronic applications. Room temperature exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein Condensation can be achieved because of the large oscillating strength and binding energy of the exciton, and the strong interaction between the exciton-polaritons and the longitudinal optical phonons. Based on this BEC state, exciton-polariton mediated superconducting device can also be fabricated at such moderate temperatures using the microcavity structure proposed by Laussy et al.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Left-right mixing on leptonic and semileptonic $b\to u$ decays
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Hung
name: Nam, Soo-hyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known that there exists a disagreement emerged between the determination of $|V_{ub}|$ from inclusive $B \to X_u\ellν$ decays and exclusive $B \to π\ellν$ decays. In order to solve the mismatch, we investigate the left-right (LR) mixing effects, denoted by $ξ_u$, in leptonic and semileptonic $b \to u$ decays. We find that the new interactions $(V+A)\times (V-A)$ induced via the LR mixing can explain the mismatch between the values of $|V_{ub}|$ if Re$(ξ_{u})=-(0.14 \pm 0.12)$. Furthermore, we also find that the LR mixing effects can enhance the branching fractions for $B \to τν$ and $B \to ρ\ellν$ decays by 30% and 17%, respectively, while reducing the branching fraction for $B \to γ\ellν$ decays by 18%.
description: 11 pages, 6 eps figures
Tidal love number of neutron stars with conformal coupling
Creators: name: Boumaza, Hamza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this present work, we suggest studying neutron star with a conformal coupling by using the analytical expressions of realistic equations of state. The equations of perturbed and nonperturbed metrics, scalar field and the pressure of the matter are derived in order to observe the effects of the conformal coupling on the mass, radius and tidal love number of polar and axial types. The numerical and the analytical analysis show a different comportment of our model from GR by varying the value of the parameters in the model. We showed also for a particular case that the scalar field becomes vanished outside the star which will give us the opportunity to investigate the behaviour tidal love number of our model. Finally, a comparison between the results of our model and the outcome from the signal of gravitational waves, coming from the fusion of binary neutron star, was performed using the universal relations $C$-$Λ$.
description: Corrected typos, Corrected Figures
Studienhandbuch östliches Europa. Band 2: Geschichte des Russischen Reiches und der Sowjetunion.
Creators: name: Mühle, Eduard
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2003

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 52 Nr. 1 (2003)
Deciding Unambiguity and Sequentiality starting from a Finitely Ambiguous Max-Plus Automaton
Creators: name: Klimann, Ines
name: Lombardy, Sylvain
name: Mairesse, Jean
name: Prieur, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Finite automata with weights in the max-plus semiring are considered. The main result is: it is decidable in an effective way whether a series that is recognized by a finitely ambiguous max-plus automaton is unambiguous, or is sequential. A collection of examples is given to illustrate the hierarchy of max-plus series with respect to ambiguity.
Regina Volkaitė-Kulikauskienė, Lietuva. Valstybės priešaušriu.
Creators: name: Brather, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2003

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 52 Nr. 3 (2003)
Angela Martin, "Ich sah den Namen Bosch". Polnische Frauen als KZ-Häftlinge der Dreilinden Maschinenbau GmbH
Creators: name: Reuter, Ursula
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2004

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 53 Nr. 1 (2004)
Daniel C. Schmid, Dreiecksgeschichten. Die Schweizer Diplomatie, das "Dritte Reich" und die böhmischen Länder 1938-1945
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Volker
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2005

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 54 Nr. 4 (2005)
The X-ray binary population in M33: II. X-ray spectra and variability
Creators: name: Grimm, H. -J.
name: McDowell, J.
name: Zezas, A.
name: Kim, D. -W.
name: Fabbiano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the X-ray spectra and X-ray spectral variability of compact X-ray sources for 3 Chandra observations of the Local Group galaxy M33. The observations are centered on the nucleus and the star forming region NGC 604. In the observations 261 sources have been detected. For a total of 43 sources the number of net counts is above 100, sufficient for a more detailed spectral fitting. Of these sources, 25 have been observed in more than one observation, allowing the study of spectral variability on ~months timescales. A quarter of the sources are found to be variable between observations. However, except for two foreground sources, no source is variable within any observation above the 99% confidence level. Only six sources show significant spectral variability between observations. A comparison of N_H values with HI observations shows that X-ray absorption values are consistent with Galactic X-ray binaries and most sources in M33 are intrinsically absorbed. The pattern of variability and the spectral parameters of these sources are consistent with the M33 X-ray source population being dominated by X-ray binaries: Two thirds of the 43 bright sources have spectral and timing properties consistent with X-ray binaries; we also find two candidates for super-soft sources and two candidates for quasi-soft sources.
description: 25 pages, ApJ accepted
Physical Results from 2+1 Flavor Domain Wall QCD and SU(2) Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Allton, C.
name: Antonio, D. J.
name: Aoki, Y.
name: Blum, T.
name: Boyle, P. A.
name: Christ, N. H.
name: Cohen, S. D.
name: Clark, M. A.
name: Dawson, C.
name: Donnellan, M. A.
name: Flynn, J. M.
name: Hart, A.
name: Izubuchi, T.
name: Juttner, A.
name: Jung, C.
name: Kennedy, A. D.
name: Kenway, R. D.
name: Li, M.
name: Li, S.
name: Lin, M. F.
name: Mawhinney, R. D.
name: Maynard, C. M.
name: Ohta, S.
name: Pendleton, B. J.
name: Sachrajda, C. T.
name: Sasaki, S.
name: Scholz, E. E.
name: Soni, A.
name: Tweedie, R. J.
name: Wennekers, J.
name: Yamazaki, T.
name: Zanotti, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have simulated QCD using 2+1 flavors of domain wall quarks on a $(2.74 {\rm fm})^3$ volume with an inverse lattice scale of $a^{-1} = 1.729(28)$ GeV. The up and down (light) quarks are degenerate in our calculations and we have used four values for the ratio of light quark masses to the strange (heavy) quark mass in our simulations: 0.217, 0.350, 0.617 and 0.884. We have measured pseudoscalar meson masses and decay constants, the kaon bag parameter $B_K$ and vector meson couplings. We have used SU(2) chiral perturbation theory, which assumes only the up and down quark masses are small, and SU(3) chiral perturbation theory to extrapolate to the physical values for the light quark masses. While next-to-leading order formulae from both approaches fit our data for light quarks, we find the higher order corrections for SU(3) very large, making such fits unreliable. We also find that SU(3) does not fit our data when the quark masses are near the physical strange quark mass. Thus, we rely on SU(2) chiral perturbation theory for accurate results. We use the masses of the $Ω$ baryon, and the $π$ and $K$ mesons to set the lattice scale and determine the quark masses. We then find $f_π= 124.1(3.6)_{\rm stat}(6.9)_{\rm syst} {\rm MeV}$, $f_K = 149.6(3.6)_{\rm stat}(6.3)_{\rm syst} {\rm MeV}$ and $f_K/f_π= 1.205(0.018)_{\rm stat}(0.062)_{\rm syst}$. Using non-perturbative renormalization to relate lattice regularized quark masses to RI-MOM masses, and perturbation theory to relate these to $\bar{\rm MS}$ we find $ m_{ud}^{\bar{\rm MS}}(2 {\rm GeV}) = 3.72(0.16)_{\rm stat}(0.33)_{\rm ren}(0.18)_{\rm syst} {\rm MeV}$ and $m_{s}^{\bar{\rm MS}}(2 {\rm GeV}) = 107.3(4.4)_{\rm stat}(9.7)_{\rm ren}(4.9)_{\rm syst} {\rm MeV}$.
description: 133 pages, 25 figures
Exploratory study on the process of early recollection interpretation
Creators: name: Carlin, Richard Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study explored the reasoning process of interpreters during the process of early recollection (ER) interpretation, and in the identification of central life style theme using Mosak's typology system (1971). ERs from ten subjects were collected using a guestionnaire format and distributed to six interpreters. Three interpreters were experienced in ER interpretation and three received two hours of training in ER interpretation prior to the study. All interpreters were requested to record their impressions and thoughts during the interpretive process on audio tape for later analysis, and to assign a primary and secondary life style theme to each subject using Mosak's typologies. The results of this study provided information about the cues found in ERs that seem to guide interpreters, the effect of interpreter style on the final outcome, and the reliability of inter-judge agreement on life style theme from ER interpretation. The results showed that training in ER interpretation immediately provided the trainees with an ability to identify the perceptual schema of the subjects but it did not give them the same skill possessed by the experienced clinicians in metaphor analysis or an understanding of Mosak's typology system. Similarities and differences between the experienced clinicians and the trainees were analyzed.
Effect of Spin-Torsion Interaction on Raychaudhuri Equation
Creators: name: Wanas, M. I.
name: Bakry, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raychaudhuri equation is generalized in the parameterized absolute parallelism geometry. This version of absolute parallelism is more general than the conventional one. The generalization takes into account the suggested interaction between the quantum spin of the moving elementary particle and the torsion of the background gravitational field. The generalized Raychaudhuri equation obtained contains some extra terms, depending on the torsion of space-time, that would have some effects on the singularity theorems of general relativity. Under a certain condition, this equation could be reduced to the original Raychaudhuri equation without any need for a vanishing torsion.
description: 9 pages LaTeX-file
Stefan Samerski, Ostdeutscher Katholizismus im Brennpunkt. Der deutsche Osten im Spannungsfeld von Kirche und Staat nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg.
Creators: name: Schreiner, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2002

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 51 Nr. 4 (2002)
Attractor scenarios and superluminal signals in k-essence cosmology
Creators: name: Kang, Jin U
name: Vanchurin, Vitaly
name: Winitzki, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological scenarios with k-essence are invoked in order to explain the observed late-time acceleration of the universe. These scenarios avoid the need for fine-tuned initial conditions (the "coincidence problem") because of the attractor-like dynamics of the k-essence field ϕ. It was recently shown that all k-essence scenarios with Lagrangians p=L(X)/ϕ^2, necessarily involve an epoch where perturbations of ϕpropagate faster than light (the "no-go theorem"). We carry out a comprehensive study of attractor-like cosmological solutions ("trackers") involving a k-essence scalar field ϕand another matter component. The result of this study is a complete classification of k-essence Lagrangians that admit asymptotically stable tracking solutions, among all Lagrangians of the form p=K(ϕ)L(X) . Using this classification, we select the class of models that describe the late-time acceleration and avoid the coincidence problem through the tracking mechanism. An analogous "no-go theorem" still holds for this class of models, indicating the existence of a superluminal epoch. In the context of k-essence cosmology, the superluminal epoch does not lead to causality violations. We discuss the implications of superluminal signal propagation for possible causality violations in Lorentz-invariant field theories.
description: 27 pages, RevTeX4. Minor cosmetic changes, references added
Free energies of triply and quadruply degenerate electron ladder spectra
Creators: name: Li, Minghao
name: Sun, Zehua
name: Hansen, Klavs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic free energies in metal clusters are calculated based on a simple ladder spectrum for the level degeneracies three and four, and compared with the known results for degeneracies one and two. The low temperature and the asymptotic high temperature results for free energy differences are generalized to ladder spectra of any degeneracy. Remarkably, free energy differences do not approach zero at high energies for size-independent Fermi energies.
Superfrustration of charge degrees of freedom
Creators: name: Huijse, Liza
name: Schoutens, Kareljan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent results, obtained with P. Fendley, on frustration of quantum charges in lattice models for itinerant fermions with strong repulsive interactions. A judicious tuning of kinetic and interaction terms leads to models possessing supersymmetry. In such models frustration takes the form of what we call superfrustration: an extensive degeneracy of supersymmetric ground states. We present a gallery of examples of superfrustration on a variety of 2D lattices.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, contribution to the proceedings of the XXIII IUPAP International Conference on Statistical Physics (2007) in Genova, Italy
Baltische Bibliographie. Schrifttum über Estland, Lettland, Litauen. 1999.
Creators: name: Brüggemann, Karsten
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2003

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 52 Nr. 3 (2003)
図書館及び社会における司書課程カリキュラムの有効性
Creators: name: Ikeuchi, Ui
name: Zhu, Xinru
name: Asaishi, Takuma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 461099
subject: Library and information studies not elsewhere classified

description: 第72回日本図書館情報学会研究大会. 茨城, 2024年9月28日.司書課程の内容が図書館や一般の仕事に役立つかどうかを明らかにするため，2024年7月から8月にかけて司書資格をもつ社会人を対象とした質問紙調査を行った。個人的な依頼とYahoo!クラウドソーシングによって収集した有効回答334件から，履修項目39件について「仕事に役立った」と「仕事に役立てるために学びたかった」の合計選択率を算出した。結果，図書館ではレファレンスツールの知識(75.5pt)や探索(73.4pt)，法律の基礎的な知識(75.5pt)，一般の職種ではICTの基礎(60.5pt)・応用(51.8pt)，接遇・クレーム対応の知識(53.3pt)の選択率が高かった。著作権や情報ニーズの把握は両グループに共通して役立つ可能性が示唆された。
Exact closed form analytical solutions for vibrating cavities
Creators: name: Wegrzyn, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For one-dimensional vibrating cavity systems appearing in the standard illustration of the dynamical Casimir effect, we propose an approach to the construction of exact closed-form solutions. As new results, we obtain solutions that are given for arbitrary frequencies, amplitudes and time regions. In a broad range of parameters, a vibrating cavity model exhibits the general property of exponential instability. Marginal behavior of the system manifests in a power-like growth of radiated energy.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Quantum Interference Effects Among Helicities at LEP-II and Tevatron
Creators: name: Buckley, Matthew R.
name: Heinemann, Beate
name: Klemm, William
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A completely model-independent method of obtaining information on the spin using the quantum interference effect among various helicity states was proposed in a recent paper. Here we point out that this effect should be demonstrable in the existing data on e^-e^+ \to W^+ W^- at LEP-II and p \bar{p} \to Z^0 + j at Tevatron.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables
Ginzburg-Landau theory of noncentrosymmetric superconductors
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Soumya P.
name: Mandal, Sudhansu S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data of temperature dependent superfluid density $n_s(T)$ in Li$_2$Pd$_3$B and Li$_2$Pt$_3$B [Yuan {\it et al.}, \phrl97, 017006 (2006)] show that a sudden change of the slope of $n_s (T)$ occur at slightly lower than the critical temperature. Motivated by this observation, we microscopically derive the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) equations for noncentrosymmetric superconductors with Rashba type spin orbit interaction. Cooper pairing is assumed to occur between electrons only in the same spin split band and pair scattering is allowed to occur between two spin split bands. The GL theory of such a system predicts two transition temperatures, the higher of which is the conventional critical temperature $T_c$ while the lower one $T^*$ corresponds to the cross-over from a mixed singlet-triplet phase at lower temperatures to only spin-singlet or spin-triplet (depending on the sign of the interband scattering potential) phase at higher temperatures. As a consequence, $n_s (T)$ shows a kink at this cross-over temperature. We attribute the temperature at which sudden change of slope occurs in the observed $n_s (T)$ to the temperature $T^*$. This may also be associated with the observed kink in the penetration depth data of CePt$_3$Si. We have also estimated critical field near critical temperature.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Ritual and daily life : transmission and interpretation of the Ismaili tradition in Vancouver
Creators: name: Dossa, Parin Aziz
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This dissertation explores, within a framework provided by tradition and change, how Ismailis in Vancouver, primarily a religious community, formerly localized and spatially concentrated in East Africa, have been affected by migration into a secular state where they are spatially dispersed. Ismaili tradition is explicated through history and a recourse to documentary materials including the Qur'an, gināns or compositions, firmāns or guidances of the Imām (spiritual leader), and the rituals of the community. The chief feature of tradition may be identified as an overarching cosmology dichotomized as zāhir and bātin, glossed respectively as material (multiplicity and activity) and spiritual (unity and repose) in strict complementarity, the parts of which are activated through a spatial and a temporal movement from and to exteriority (zāhir) and interiority (bāţin). Daily life, family, kin, community rituals and prayers at Jamā'āt Khāna (place of assembly), and the firmāns reflect the complementarities and mediate them. Change is examined in relation to the same features as well as culinary practices which, as do the rituals, further reveal the complementarities between material and spiritual and the ways in which they are mediated. The changing roles and interrelationships of elders, men and women, and youth emphasize changes taking place. The major finding of the study is that the tradition, which was a complex of strict complementarities, has now become compartmentalized, diluting the force of the complementary relationship. This appears as a function of increased participation in the "technical" time (confining social relationships) of external public life as opposed to the "core culture" time (promoting social relationships) of the internal home life of families, and in the attitudes of Ismailis who are accommodating to the larger society and are exclusive in their community life. In addition, women's entry in the public labour force, and a growing separation between youth and adults as well as elders, have significantly affected community rituals, attendance in Jamā'āt Khāna, and familial relationships. While it might be thought that new sets of dialectics are being engaged, this does not in fact appear to be the case. Contraries and contradictions, which might have been thought to imply a dialectic, remain as they were enforcing a further compartmentalization of life choices.
Simple modules over factorpowers
Creators: name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G10; 20M20

description: In this paper we study complex representations of the factorpower $\fp(G,M)$ of a finite group $G$ acting on a finite set $M$. This includes the finite monoid $\FP$, which can be seen as a kind of a ``balanced'' generalization of the symmetric group $S_n$ inside the semigroup of all binary relations. We describe all irreducible representations of $\fp(G,M)$ and relate them to irreducible representations of certain inverse semigroups. In particular, irreducible representations of $\FP$ are related to irreducible representations of the maximal factorizable submonoid of the dual symmetric inverse monoid. We also show that in the latter cases irreducible representations lead to an interesting combinatorial problem in the representation theory of $S_n$, which, in particular, is related to Foulkes' conjecture. Finally, we show that all simple $\fp(G,M)$-modules are unitarizable and that tensor products of simple $\fp(G,M)$-modules are completely reducible.
description: 17 pages
Petr Prokš, Československo a Západ 1945-1948. Vztahy Československa se Spojenými státy, Velkou Británií a Francií ve letech 1945-1948
Creators: name: Alexander, Manfred
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2004

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 53 Nr. 1 (2004)
Simulations of Future Particle Accelerators: Issues and Mitigations
Creators: name: Sagan, D.
name: Berz, M.
name: Cook, N. M.
name: Hao, Y.
name: Hoffstaetter, G.
name: Huebl, A.
name: Huang, C. -K.
name: Langston, M. H.
name: Mayes, C. E.
name: Mitchell, C. E.
name: Ng, C. -K.
name: Qiang, J.
name: Ryne, R. D.
name: Scheinker, A.
name: Stern, E.
name: Vay, J. -L.
name: Winklehner, D.
name: Zhang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ever increasing demands placed upon machine performance have resulted in the need for more comprehensive particle accelerator modeling. Computer simulations are key to the success of particle accelerators. Many aspects of particle accelerators rely on computer modeling at some point, sometimes requiring complex simulation tools and massively parallel supercomputing. Examples include the modeling of beams at extreme intensities and densities (toward the quantum degeneracy limit), and with ultra-fine control (down to the level of individual particles). In the future, adaptively tuned models might also be relied upon to provide beam measurements beyond the resolution of existing diagnostics. Much time and effort has been put into creating accelerator software tools, some of which are highly successful. However, there are also shortcomings such as the general inability of existing software to be easily modified to meet changing simulation needs. In this paper possible mitigating strategies are discussed for issues faced by the accelerator community as it endeavors to produce better and more comprehensive modeling tools. This includes lack of coordination between code developers, lack of standards to make codes portable and/or reusable, lack of documentation, among others.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure. To be published in JINST
Statistical physics of dyons and confinement
Creators: name: Diakonov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a semiclassical description of the SU(N) Yang--Mills theory whose partition function at nonzero temperatures is approximated by that of an ensemble of N kinds of interacting dyons. The ensemble is mathematically described by an exactly solvable 3d quantum field theory, allowing calculation of correlations functions relevant to confinement. We show that all known criteria of confinement are satisfied in this semiclassical approximation: (i) the average Polyakov line is zero below some critical temperature, and nonzero above it, (ii) static quarks in any nonzero N-ality representation have linear rising potential energy, (iii) the average spatial Wilson loop falls off exponentially with the area, (iv) N^2 gluons are canceled out from the spectrum, (v) the critical temperature is in good agreement with lattice data.
description: Lectures at the Cracow School of Theoretical Physics, June 13-22, 2008, Zakopane, Poland; 30 p., 2 figs
On X-ray Optical Depth in the Coronae of Active Stars
Creators: name: Testa, Paola
name: Drake, Jeremy J.
name: Peres, Giovanni
name: Huenemoerder, David P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the optical thickness of the coronal plasma through the analysis of high-resolution X-ray spectra of a large sample of active stars observed with the High Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer on Chandra. In particular, we probed for the presence of significant resonant scattering in the strong Lyman series lines arising from hydrogen-like oxygen and neon ions. The active RS CVn-type binaries II Peg and IM Peg and the single M dwarf EV Lac show significant optical depth. For these active coronae, the Lya/Lyb ratios are significantly depleted as compared with theoretical predictions and with the same ratios observed in similar active stars. Interpreting these decrements in terms of resonance scattering of line photons out of the line-of-sight, we are able to derive an estimate for the typical size of coronal structures, and from these we also derive estimates of coronal filling factors. For all three sources we find that the both the photon path length as a fraction of the stellar radius, and the implied surface filling factors are very small and amount to a few percent at most. The measured Lya/Lyb ratios are in good agreement with APED theoretical predictions, thus indicating negligible optical depth, for the other sources in our sample. We discuss the implications for coronal structuring and heating flux requirements. For the stellar sample as a whole, the data suggest increasing quenching of Lya relative to Lyb as function of both L_x/L_bol and the density-sensitive MgXI forbidden to intercombination line ratio, as might generally be expected.
description: Accepted for publication on the Astrophysical Journal
On the origin of the asymmetry of the ejecta structure and explosion of G350.1$-$0.3
Creators: name: Tsuchioka, Tomoya
name: Uchiyama, Yasunobu
name: Higurashi, Ryota
name: Iwasaki, Hiroyoshi
name: Otsuka, Shumpei
name: Yamada, Shinya
name: Sato, Toshiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray analysis of the ejecta of supernova remnant G350.1$-$0.3 observed with Chandra and Suzaku, and clarify the ejecta's kinematics over a decade and obtain a new observational clue to understanding the origin of the asymmetric explosion. Two images of Chandra X-ray Observatory taken in 2009 and 2018 are analyzed in several methods, and enable us to measure the velocities in the plane of the sky. A maximum velocity is 4640$\pm$290 km s$^{-1}$ (0.218$\pm$0.014 arcsec yr$^{-1}$) in the eastern region in the remnant. These findings trigger us to scrutinize the Doppler effects in the spectra of the thermal emission, and the velocities in the line-of-sight direction are estimated to be a thousand km s$^{-1}$. The results are confirmed by analyzing the spectra of Suzaku. Combining the proper motions and line-of-sight velocities, the ejecta's three-dimensional velocities are $\sim$3000-5000 km s$^{-1}$. The center of the explosion is more stringently constrained by finding the optimal time to reproduce the observed spatial expansion. Our findings that the age of the SNR is estimated at most to be 655 years, and the CCO is observed as a point source object against the SNR strengthen the 'hydrodynamical kick' hypothesis on the origin of the remnant.
description: ApJ accepted. 12 pages, 6 figures
Follow-up photometry in another band benefits reducing \emph{Kepler}'s false positive rates
Creators: name: Wang, Mu-Tian
name: Liu, Hui-Gen
name: Zhu, Jiapeng
name: Zhou, Ji-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kepler Mission's single-band photometry suffers from astrophysical false positives, the most common of background eclipsing binaries (BEBs) and companion transiting planets (CTPs). Multi-color photometry can reveal the color-dependent depth feature of false positives and thus exclude them. In this work, we aim to estimate the fraction of false positives that are unable to be classified by Kepler alone but can be identified with their color-dependent depth feature if a reference band (z, Ks and TESS) were adopted in follow-up observation. We build up physics-based blend models to simulate multi-band signals of false positives. Nearly 65-95% of the BEBs and more than 80% of the CTPs that host a Jupiter-size planet will show detectable depth variations if the reference band can achieve a Kepler-like precision. Ks band is most effective in eliminating BEBs exhibiting any depth sizes, while z and TESS band prefer to identify giant candidates and their identification rates are more sensitive to photometric precision. Provided the radius distribution of planets transiting the secondary star in binary systems, we derive formalism to calculate the overall identification rate for CTPs. By comparing the likelihood distribution of the double-band depth ratio for BEB and planet models, we calculate the false positive probability (FPP) for typical Kepler candidates. Additionally, we show that the FPP calculation helps distinguish the planet candidate's host star in an unresolved binary system. The analysis framework of this paper can be easily adapted to predict the multi-color photometry yield for other transit surveys, especially for TESS.
description: Revised under first referee report from AJ; 23 pages, 14 figures
Spin-orbit effects for compact binaries in scalar-tensor gravity
Creators: name: Brax, Philippe
name: Davis, Anne-Christine
name: Melville, Scott
name: Wong, Leong Khim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves provide us with a new window into our Universe, and have already been used to place strong constrains on the existence of light scalar fields, which are a common feature in many alternative theories of gravity. However, spin effects are still relatively unexplored in this context. In this work, we construct an effective point-particle action for a generic spinning body that can couple both conformally and disformally to a real scalar field, and we show that requiring the existence of a self-consistent solution automatically implies that if a scalar couples to the mass of a body, then it must also couple to its spin. We then use well-established effective field theory techniques to conduct a comprehensive study of spin-orbit effects in binary systems to leading order in the post-Newtonian (PN) expansion. Focusing on quasicircular nonprecessing binaries for simplicity, we systematically compute all key quantities, including the conservative potential, the orbital binding energy, the radiated power, and the gravitational-wave phase. We show that depending on how strongly each member of the binary couples to the scalar, the spin-orbit effects that are due to a conformal coupling first enter into the phase at either 0.5PN or 1.5PN order, while those that arise from a disformal coupling start at either 3.5PN or 4.5PN order. This suppression by additional PN orders notwithstanding, we find that the disformal spin-orbit terms can actually dominate over their conformal counterparts due to an enhancement by a large prefactor. Accordingly, our results suggest that upcoming gravitational-wave detectors could be sensitive to disformal spin-orbit effects in double neutron star binaries if at least one of the two bodies is sufficiently scalarised.
description: 57 pages + appendices, 8 figures, 5 tables. v2: Version accepted for publication. Some minor clarifications added compared to v1
An integrated approach to studying settlement systems on the Northwest Coast : the Nuxalk of Bella Coola, B.C.
Creators: name: Lepofsky, Dana Sue
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The major factors which influenced the settlement system of the late prehistoric Nuxalk of the Bella Coola valley are examined in this study. Detailed data on settlement, subsistence, environment and the socio-political and socio-economic worlds of the Nuxalk are presented. Ethnographic, ethnohistoric, archaeological and environmental data have been compiled for this purpose. The theoretical approach applied in this thesis differs from other comparable studies on the Northwest Coast. Many studies are concerned only with the relationship between energy gains and settlement. In this study the potential determinants of settlement patterns are compiled from both the natural and cultural environment of the Nuxalk. Each determinant is examined within a cultural framework that would have been relevant to the Bella Coola valley Nuxalk. The nature of the analyses and methodology employed here also sets this study apart from other settlement studies. Salmon-settlement studies investigate the importance of a single species at several sites, while site catchment studies concentrate on the relative importance of several resources at a single site. Here, several different sites are compared according to eight different determinants (the presence of salmon, other aquatic resources, plant resource, animal resources, mineral resources, trade, shelter from the elements and protection from raiding); each determinant is measured in a different manner according to the nature of the data set. A rank order of each village location is produced according to its accessibility to each determinant analysed. From this, an overall ranking of settlements which combines all the determinants is generated. The Nuxalk results are then compared to the settlement systems of other Northwest Coast groups, as a means of identifying more general statements concerning the pre-contact settlement systems of Northwest Coast Native peoples. Results indicate that the presence of a range of food resources, especially plants and fish, was among the most important criteria for a preferred settlement location in the Bella Cool a valley. The presence of a variety of other resources and cultural attributes was the minimum requirement of a suitable Nuxalk village location. Among other coastal groups, preferred village sites were those which offered the greatest number of resources from a single location. In the instances where primary villages were situated in areas that did not offer a range of resources, other (cultural) factors seem to have influenced the decision to settle in a specific location. Additionally, it is hoped that this study contributes to the field of ecological anthropology by offering new methods for quantifying economically important plants. Previously uncollected information from Nuxalk elders adds to the body of knowledge concerning land use among the Nuxalk people specifically and the peoples of the Northwest Coast in general.
RAFTER: Ring Astrometric Field Telescope for Exo-planets and Relativity
Creators: name: Riva, Alberto
name: Gai, Mario
name: Vecchiato, Alberto
name: Busonero, Deborah
name: Lattanzi, Mario G.
name: Landini, Federico
name: Qi, Zhaoxiang
name: Tang, Zhenghong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High precision astrometry aims at source position determination to a very small fraction of the diffraction image size, in high SNR regime. One of the key limitations to such goal is the optical response variation of the telescope over a sizeable FOV, required to ensure bright reference objects to any selected target. The issue translates into severe calibration constraints, and/or the need for complex telescope and focal plane metrology. We propose an innovative system approach derived from the established TMA telescope concept, extended to achieve high filling factor of an annular field of view around the optical axis of the telescope. The proposed design is a very compact, 1 m class telescope compatible with modern CCD and CMOS detectors (EFL = 15 m). We describe the concept implementation guidelines and the optical performance of the current optical design. The diffraction limited FOV exceeds 1.25 square degrees, and the detector occupies the best 0.25 square degree with 66 devices.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures; Proc. SPIE 11443, Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2020: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave
Stationary distributions of propelled particles as a system with quenched disorder
Creators: name: Frydel, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is the exploration of the viewpoint within which propelled particles in a steady-state are regarded as a system with quenched disorder. The analogy is exact when the rate of the drift orientation vanishes and the linear potential, representing the drift, becomes part of an external potential, resulting in the effective potential $u_{eff}$. The stationary distribution is then calculated as a disorder-averaged quantity by considering all contributing drift orientations. To extend this viewpoint to the case when a drift orientation evolves in time, we reformulate the relevant Fokker-Planck equation as a self-consistent relation. One interesting aspect of this formulation is that it is represented in terms of the Boltzmann factor $e^{-βu_{eff}}$. In the case of a run-and-tumble model, the formulation reveals an effective interaction between particles.