cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Rise of Multiple Institutional Affiliations in Academia
Creators: name: Hottenrott, Hanna
name: Rose, Michael
name: Lawson, Cornelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study provides the first systematic, international, large-scale evidence on the extent and nature of multiple institutional affiliations on journal publications. Studying more than 15 million authors and 22 million articles from 40 countries we document that: In 2019, almost one in three articles was (co-)authored by authors with multiple affiliations and the share of authors with multiple affiliations increased from around 10% to 16% since 1996. The growth of multiple affiliations is prevalent in all fields and it is stronger in high impact journals. About 60% of multiple affiliations are between institutions from within the academic sector. International co-affiliations, which account for about a quarter of multiple affiliations, most often involve institutions from the United States, China, Germany and the United Kingdom, suggesting a core-periphery network. Network analysis also reveals a number communities of countries that are more likely to share affiliations. We discuss potential causes and show that the timing of the rise in multiple affiliations can be linked to the introduction of more competitive funding structures such as 'excellence initiatives' in a number of countries. We discuss implications for science and science policy.
Quantized gauge-affine gravity in the superfiber bundle approach
Creators: name: Meziane, A.
name: Tahiri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantization of gauge-affine gravity within the superfiber bundle formalism is proposed. By introducing an even pseudotensorial 1-superform over a principal superfibre bundle with superconnection, we obtain the geometrical Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) and anti-BRST transformations of the fields occurring in such a theory. Reducing the four-dimensional general affine group double-covering to the Poincare group double-covering we also find the BRST and anti-BRST transformations of the fields present in Einstein's gravity. Furthermore, we give a prescription leading to the construction of both BRST-invariant gauge-fixing action for gauge-affine gravity and Einstein's gravity.
description: Latex, 18 pages, no figures; minor changes made in Section 2, added references for conclusion; final published version
On Jordan classes for Vinberg's theta-groups
Creators: name: Carnovale, Giovanna
name: Esposito, Francesco
name: Santi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B70, 17B45, 20G05

description: Popov has recently introduced an analogue of Jordan classes (packets, or decomposition classes) for the action of a theta-group (G_0,V), showing that they are finitely-many, locally-closed, irreducible unions of G_0-orbits of constant dimension partitioning V. We carry out a local study of their closures showing that Jordan classes are smooth and that their closure is a union of Jordan classes. We parametrize Jordan classes and G_0-orbits in a given class in terms of the action of subgroups of Vinberg's little Weyl group, and include several examples and counterexamples underlying the differences with the symmetric case and the critical issues arising in the theta-situation.
description: v2: final version to appear in Transform. Groups
Velocity averaging and Hölder regularity for kinetic Fokker-Planck equations with general transport operators and rough coefficients
Creators: name: Zhu, Yuzhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B65, 35H10, 35Q84

description: This article addresses the local boundedness and Hölder continuity of weak solutions to kinetic Fokker-Planck equations with general transport operators and rough coefficients. These results are due to the mixing effect of diffusion and transport. Although the equation is parabolic only in the velocity variable, it has a hypoelliptic structure provided that the transport part $\partial_t+b(v)\cdot\nabla_x$ is nondegenerate in some sense. We achieve the results by revisiting the method, proposed by Golse, Imbert, Mouhot and Vasseur in the case $b(v)= v$, that combines the elliptic De Giorgi-Nash-Moser theory with velocity averaging lemmas.
description: 28 pages
Additional file 4 of Establishment of a serological molecular model for the early diagnosis and progression monitoring of bone metastasis in lung cancer
Creators: name: Xiaoyan Teng
name: Lirong Wei
name: Liming Han
name: Daliu Min
name: Yuzhen Du
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 4. Univariate and multivariate analysis of diagnostic risk factors associated with bone metastasis diagnosis in 205 patients with lung cancer.
title: Interpreting rapport — Cross-linguistic challenges in police communication with victims
Creators: name: Gomez-Bedoya, Maria
Publisher: name: International Journal of Language & Law (JLL)
Year: 2024

description: Rapport-building is considered to be one of the keys to successful investigative interviewing. Given  the  importance  of  rapport-building  techniques,  this  study  focuses  on  how  rapport  is linguistically  conveyed  in  interpreter-mediated  police  interviews  with  victims  of  crime, bearing in mind that rapport-building is linguistically and culturally sensitive, which means that it is important to prepare individuals (police forces, but also other parties involved, such as police interpreters or social workers) to bridge the gap between different languages and cultures in legal proceedings and other sensitive communicative contexts. Using a discourse-pragmatic  approach,  the  study  analyses  trainee  interpreters’  renditions  of  police  rapport-building,  focusing  on  the  linguistic  conveyance  of  rapport-building  in  training  practice,  in order  to  explore  how  these  trainee  interpreters  deal  with  aspects  of  rapport-building  into English  and  into  Spanish  in  police  interviews.  The  findings  confirm  that  conveying  rapport and rapport-relevant expressions is challenging, particularly in relation to pragmatic equivalence. These findings provide a better understanding of the factors that impact the outcome of the interpretation in the context of rapport-building conveyance, and have theoretical and practical implications for interpreting training.
description: International Journal of Language & Law (JLL), Vol. 13 (2024): Precedent in EU Law: The Linguistic Aspect
Conceptual design and comparative study of very large telescope encluosures
Creators: name: Sun, Meng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The goal of the very large optical telescope (VLOT) project is to design and construct a 20 m segmented mirror telescope, which will surpass the limits of the current generation of telescopes. This significant expansion of the telescope's geometry will present many design and fabrication challenges simply through its sheer size of the structure and demand for fine accuracy. The telescope enclosure is a crucial component of the VLOT project; its feasibility will have a great effect in whether or not a project of this magnitude will ever see the light of day. The aim of this thesis is to determine an optimal enclosure design for the VLOT by comparing previous designs along with newer, innovative designs. A thorough investigation will be performed by an in-depth examination of available research material, conceptual designs, structural analysis and decision analysis. A review of telescopes as they have developed through out history will be conducted to illustrate the significance of VLOT's influence on the future of astronomy. Moreover, by collecting information on current design cases and ideas regarding telescope enclosures, an information database of enclosure designs will be prepared, providing valuable references for the VLOT enclosure development. Conceptual deigns of various types of potential VLOT enclosures are examined in this thesis. The telescope enclosure designs will be primarily based on structural safety and serviceability performance criteria. Furthermore, a finite element analysis will provide valuable insight into each enclosure design explored. Characteristics of enclosure designs are compared from various perspectives. With respect to the comparative analysis results, a comprehensive decision analysis will be used to determine the final optimal solution. The work within this thesis will provide academic and engineering references for the further development of the VLOT project.
Programmable coherent linear quantum operations with high-dimensional optical spatial modes
Creators: name: Li, Shikang
name: Feng, Shan Zhang Xue
name: Barnett, Stephen M.
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Cui, Kaiyu
name: Liu, Fang
name: Huang, Yidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple and flexible scheme for high-dimensional linear quantum operations on optical transverse spatial modes is demonstrated. The quantum Fourier transformation (QFT) and quantum state tomography (QST) via symmetric informationally complete positive operator-valued measures (SIC POVMs) are implemented with dimensionality of 15. The matrix fidelity of QFT is 0.85, while the statistical fidelity of SIC POVMs and fidelity of QST are ~0.97 and up to 0.853, respectively. We believe that our device has the potential for further exploration of high-dimensional spatial entanglement provided by spontaneous parametric down conversion in nonlinear crystals.
Polarized Electrons for Linear Colliders
Creators: name: Clendenin, J. E.
name: Brachmann, A.
name: Garwin, E. L.
name: Kirby, R. E.
name: Luh, D. -A.
name: Maruyama, T.
name: Prescott, C. Y.
name: Sheppard, J. C.
name: Turner, J.
name: Prepost, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future electron-positron linear colliders require a highly polarized electron beam with a pulse structure that depends primarily on whether the acceleration utilizes warm or superconducting rf structures. The International Linear Collider (ILC) will use cold structures for the main linac. It is shown that a dc-biased polarized photoelectron source such as successfully used for the SLC can meet the charge requirements for the ILC micropulse with a polarization approaching 90%.
description: 4 pages, 2 tables, contributed to SPIN04 Symposium (Trieste)
How Much Lower Are Prices at Discount Stores? An Examination of Retail Food Prices
Creators: name: Leibtag, Ephraim S.
name: Barker, Catherine
name: Dutko, Paula
name: Leibtag, Ephraim S.
name: Barker, Catherine
name: Dutko, Paula
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: retail food prices
subject: price variation
subject: Nielsen Homescan
subject: supercenter
subject: club warehouse store
subject: dollar store
subject: traditional food retailers
subject: nontraditional food retailers

description: Nontraditional stores, including mass merchandisers, supercenters, club warehouse stores, and dollar stores, have increased their food offerings over the past 15 years and often promote themselves as lower priced alternatives to traditional supermarkets. How much lower are food prices at these stores? In order to better understand nontraditional stores’ impact on the cost of food, ERS analysts evaluate food price differences between nontraditional and traditional stores at the national and market level using 2004-06 Nielsen Homescan data. Findings show that nontraditional retailers offer lower prices than traditional stores even after controlling for brand and package size. Comparisons of identical items, at the Universal Product Code (UPC) level, show an expenditure-weighted average price discount of 7.5 percent, with differences ranging from 3 to 28 percent lower in nontraditional stores than in traditional stores. Nontraditional stores in metro areas where such stores have a higher-than-average market share have smaller and less frequent price discounts than those in areas where such stores have a lower market share.
Symmetries of supergeometries related to nonholonomic superdistributions
Creators: name: Kruglikov, Boris
name: Santi, Andrea
name: The, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend Tanaka theory to the context of supergeometry and obtain an upper bound on the supersymmetry dimension of geometric structures related to strongly regular bracket-generating distributions on supermanifolds and their structure reductions.
description: 37 pages, v2: final version to appear in Transformation Groups
An algorithm to recognize regular singular Mahler systems
Creators: name: Faverjon, Colin
name: Poulet, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is devoted to the study of the analytic properties of Mahler systems at 0. We give an effective characterisation of Mahler systems that are regular singular at 0, that is, systems which are equivalent to constant ones. Similar characterisations already exist for differential and (q-)difference systems but they do not apply in the Mahler case. This work fills in the gap by giving an algorithm which decides whether or not a Mahler system is regular singular at 0. In particular, it gives an effective characterisation of Mahler systems to which an analog of Schlesinger's density theorem applies.
Nonmetropolitan Outmigration Counties: Some Are Poor, Many Are Prosperous
Creators: name: McGranahan, David A.
name: Cromartie, John
name: Wojan, Timothy R.
name: McGranahan, David A.
name: Cromartie, John
name: Wojan, Timothy R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Migration
subject: net migration
subject: rural development
subject: life-cycle migration
subject: population growth
subject: nonmetropolitan
subject: nonmetro
subject: rural economy
subject: metro
subject: rural America
subject: census data
subject: demographics
subject: ERS
subject: USDA

description: Population loss through net outmigration is endemic to many rural areas. Over a third of nonmetro counties lost at least 10 percent of their population through net outmigration over 1988-2008. Some of these counties have had very high poverty rates, substantial loss in manufacturing jobs, and high unemployment. Lack of economic opportunity was likely a major factor in their high outmigration. Most high net outmigration counties, however, are relatively prosperous, with low unemployment rates, low high school dropout rates, and average household incomes. For these counties, low population density and less appealing landscapes distinguish them from other nonmetro counties. Both types of outmigration counties stand out on two measures, indicating that quality-of-life factors inhibit inmigration: a lack of retirees moving in and local manufacturers citing the area’s unattractiveness as a problem in recruiting managers and professionals.
Contribution of Agriculture to the Economy of Limpopo Province
Creators: name: Meliko, Majory O.
name: Oni, Stephen A.
name: Meliko, Majory O.
name: Oni, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: International Development

description: Introduction - In this study, an input output table was developed which was used to examine the empirical evidence on the strength of agricultural growth multipliers, in the facets of income, output and employment. Of the nine production group studied, agriculture contributed directly and indirectly to the Limpopo Province economy in term of output (1.3481), income (0.0327) and employment (0.0524) multipliers and was ranked ninth in the former two and eighth in the latter. While trade services was ranked first in all three sets multipliers From the study, it was concluded that to reduce poverty, investment should be in the trade services sector as it gives more returns to money.
The Low Quiescent X-Ray Luminosity of the Transient X-Ray Burster EXO 1747-214
Creators: name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Gelino, Dawn M.
name: Kaaret, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on X-ray and optical observations of the X-ray burster EXO 1747-214. This source is an X-ray transient, and its only known outburst was observed in 1984-1985 by the EXOSAT satellite. We re-analyzed the EXOSAT data to derive the source position, column density, and a distance upper limit using its peak X-ray burst flux. We observed the EXO 1747-214 field in 2003 July with the Chandra X-ray Observatory to search for the quiescent counterpart. We found one possible candidate just outside the EXOSAT error circle, but we cannot rule out the possibility that the source is unrelated to EXO 1747-214. Our conclusion is that the upper limit on the unabsorbed 0.3-8 keV luminosity is L < 7E31 erg/s, making EXO 1747-214 one of the faintest neutron star transients in quiescence. We compare this luminosity upper limit to the quiescent luminosities of 19 neutron star and 14 black hole systems and discuss the results in the context of the differences between neutron stars and black holes. Based on the theory of deep crustal heating by Brown and coworkers, the luminosity implies an outburst recurrence time of >1300 yr unless some form of enhanced cooling occurs within the neutron star. The position of the possible X-ray counterpart is consistent with three blended optical/IR sources with R-magnitudes between 19.4 and 19.8 and J-magnitudes between 17.2 and 17.6. One of these sources could be the quiescent optical/IR counterpart of EXO 1747-214.
description: 7 pages, accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Supplementary document for Single-shot up-conversion terahertz spectrometer with high frequency resolution - 7128702.pdf
Creators: name: Blanchard, Francois
name: Mine, Sota
name: NKECK, Joel Edouard
name: LAFRENIÈRE-GREIG, Jonathan
name: Gandubert, Gabriel
name: Murate, Kosuke
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Nonlinear Optics and Spectroscopy

description: Supp_info
Decoherence in a N-qubit solid-state quantum computer
Creators: name: Ischi, B.
name: Hilke, M.
name: Dube, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the decoherence process for a quantum register composed of N qubits coupled to an environment. We consider an environment composed of one common phonon bath and several electronic baths. This environment is relevant to the implementation of a charge based solid-state quantum computer. We explicitly compute the time evolution of all off-diagonal terms of the register's reduced density matrix. We find that in realistic configurations, "superdecoherence" and "decoherence free subspaces" do not exist for an N-qubit system. This means that all off-diagonal terms decay like exp(-q(t)N), where q(t) is of the same order as the decay function of a single qubit.
description: 11 pages
Study of V_LV_L to t tbar at the ILC Including O(alpha_s) QCD Corrections
Creators: name: Godfrey, Stephen
name: Zhu, Shou-hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the event that the Higgs mass is large or that the electroweak interactions are strongly interacting at high energy, top quark couplings to longitudinal components of the weak gauge bosons could offer important clues to the underlying dynamics. It has been suggested that precision measurements of W_L W_L to t tbar and Z_L Z_L to t tbar might provide hints of new physics. In this paper we present results of O(alpha_s) QCD corrections to V_LV_L to t tbar scattering at the ILC. We find that corrections to cross sections can be as large as 30% and must be accounted for in any precision measurement of VV to t tbar.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, Minor changes in wording. uses Revtex4
Stability analysis of the linear discrete teleoperation systems with stochastic sampling and data dropout
Creators: name: Ghavifekr, Amir A
name: Ghiasi, Amir R
name: Badamchizadeh, Mohammad A
name: Hashemzadeh, Farzad
name: Fiorini, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper addresses the stability conditions of the sampled-data teleoperation systems consisting continuous time master, slave, operator, and environment with discrete time controllers over general communication networks. The output signals of the slave and master robots are quantized with stochastic sampling periods which are modeled as being from a finite set. By applying an input delay method, the probabilistic sampling system is converted into a continuous-time system including stochastic parameters in the system matrices. The main contribution of this paper is the derivation of the less conservative stability conditions for linear discrete teleoperation systems taking into account the challenges such as the stochastic sampling rate, constant time delay and the possibility of data packet dropout. The numbers of dropouts are driven by a finite state Markov chain. First, the problem of finding a lower bound on the maximum sampling period that preserves the stability is formulated. This problem is constructed as a convex optimization program in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Next, Lyapunov Krasovskii based approaches are applied to propose sufficient conditions for stochastic and exponential stability of closed-loop sampled-data bilateral teleoperation system. The proposed criterion notifies the effect of sampling time on the stability transparency trade-off and imposes bounds on the sampling time, control gains and the damping of robots. Neglecting this study undermines both the stability and transparency of teleoperation systems. Numerical simulation results are used to verify the proposed stability criteria and illustrate the effectiveness of the sampling architecture.
Existence of localised radial patterns in a model for dryland vegetation
Creators: name: Hill, Dan J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localised radial patterns have been observed in the vegetation of semi-arid ecosystems, often as localised patches of vegetation or in the form of `fairy circles'. We consider stationary localised radial solutions to a reduced model for dryland vegetation on flat terrain. By considering certain prototypical pattern-forming systems, we prove the existence of three classes of localised radial patterns bifurcating from a Turing instability. We also present evidence for the existence of localised gap solutions close to a homogeneous instability. Additionally, we numerically solve the vegetation model and use continuation methods to study the bifurcation structure and radial stability of localised radial spots and gaps. We conclude by investigating the effect of varying certain parameter values on the existence and stability of these localised radial patterns.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures
The Anthropometric Status of Farming households in Kogi State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Adewumi, Matthew Olaniyi
name: Babatunde, Raphael O.
name: Olufunke, Ayodele
name: Adewumi, Matthew Olaniyi
name: Babatunde, Raphael O.
name: Olufunke, Ayodele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy

description: A country needs a well nourished population of children for a productive future. Malnutrition is by far the biggest contributor to child morbidity and mortality; therefore, combating malnutrition in our communities should be an issue to policy makers. With the use of anthropometric indices derived from survey data collected from 150 randomly selected children from 150 farming households in Kabba Bunu Local Government Area of Kogi State, this study assessed malnutrition of children in the Central part of Nigeria. Logit model was used to examine the relationship between some anthropometric indices and the general characteristics of the household and the children. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information from the sampled households. The result showed that about one-quarter of the children are underweight while a very insignificant number of the sampled children were wasted. The probit result showed that daily calorie intake and access to safe water had significant effect on underweight of children in the study area. Daily calorie intake per child was also significant on stunting and wasting. Over 66% of the farming households had access to well water and only 21% had access to bore-hole. Majority of the children could be said to be more susceptible to water borne diseases. Provision of better domestic water source, mass food production strategies can be policy options for a virile labour force in the study area.
Analysis of Costs and Returns to Maize-Cowpea Intercrop Production in Oyo state, Nigeria
Creators: name: Segun-Olasanmi, A.O.
name: Bamire, A.S.
name: Segun-Olasanmi, A.O.
name: Bamire, A.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Costs
subject: Maize-cowpea intercrop
subject: Returns

description: Net gains on agricultural investments promote sustainable farm production. The costs and returns analysis to maize-cowpea intercrop was analysed in selected communities of Oyo state, Nigeria, to determine the profitability of the enterprise. A multi-stage stratified sampling technique was used to select a sample size of one hundred and sixty maize-cowpea intercrop farmers in eighteen farming communities in the study area. Data were obtained from the farmers on their socio-economic characteristics, resource ownership, input and output used as well as costs incurred and revenue obtained for the 2006 production season using a structured questionnaire. Data were collected on a gender-disaggregated basis and analysed with the budgetary technique using the gross margin approach. Results showed that the difference between gross revenues and total variable costs for male and female maize-cowpea intercrop farmers was statistically significant at 5% level. Maize-cowpea intercropping was found to be profitable as indicated by mean gross margins of N31, 200 and N19, 900 per hectare for male and female farmers respectively. However, the difference in the mean gross margin was not significant at the 5% level.
Classification of Galois objects of Uq(g) up to homotopy equivalence
Creators: name: Aubriot, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30, 17B37, 55R10, 58B34, 81R50, 81R60

description: For any Drinfeld-Jimbo quantum enveloping algebra Uq(g) and for any family $λ=(λ\_{ij})\_{1\leq i < j\leq t} \in k^{\star}$ of invertible elements of the base field, we explicitly construct a Galois object $A\_λ$ of Uq(g) by generators and relations and we prove that any Galois object of Uq(g) is homotopic to a unique object of type $A\_λ$.
description: To appear in Communications in Algebra. In French
Additional file 3 of Establishment of a serological molecular model for the early diagnosis and progression monitoring of bone metastasis in lung cancer
Creators: name: Xiaoyan Teng
name: Lirong Wei
name: Liming Han
name: Daliu Min
name: Yuzhen Du
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3. Correlations of serum levels for BME cytokines and bone turnover markers in 205 patients with primary lung cancer stage IV.
The Noether--Lefschetz theorem in arbitrary characteristic
Creators: name: Ji, Lena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C20 (Primary), 14C22, 14K30 (Secondary)

description: We show that if $X\subset\mathbb P^N_k$ is a normal variety of dimension $\geq 3$ and $H\subset\mathbb P^N_k$ a very general hypersurface of degree $d=4$ or $\geq 6$, then the restriction map $\mathrm{Cl}(X)\to\mathrm{Cl}(X\cap H)$ is an isomorphism up to torsion. If $\dim X\geq 4$, the result holds for $d\geq 2$. The proof uses the relative Jacobian of a curve fibration, together with a specialization argument, and the result holds over fields of arbitrary characteristic.
description: 32 pages. v2: New title and improved exposition. To appear in J. Algebraic Geom
Nuclear properties of a sample of nearby spirals from STIS imaging
Creators: name: Scarlata, C.
name: Stiavelli, M.
name: Hughes, M.
name: Axon, D.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Atkinson, J.
name: Batcheldor, D.
name: Binney, J.
name: Capetti, A.
name: Carollo, M.
name: Dressel, L.
name: Gerssen, J.
name: Macchetto, D.
name: Maciejewski, W.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Merrifield, M.
name: Ruiz, M.
name: Sparks, W.
name: Tsvetanov, Z.
name: van der Marel, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present surface photometry for the central regions of a sample of 48 spiral galaxies (mostly unbarred and barred of types Sbc or Sc) observed with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope. Surface brightness profiles were derived and modeled with a Nuker law. We also analyzed archival Wide Field Planetary Camera~2 images with a larger field of view, available for 18 galaxies in our sample. We modeled the extracted bulge surface brightness profiles with an exponential, a de Vaucouleurs or a Sersic profile. In agreement with previous studies, we find that bulges of Sbc galaxies fall into two categories: bulges well described by an exponential profile and those well described by an de Vaucouleurs profile. Only one galaxy requires the use of a more general Sersic profile to properly describe the bulge. Nuclear photometrically distinct components are found in ~55% of the galaxies. For those that we classify as star clusters based on their resolved extent we find absolute magnitudes that are brighter on average than those previously identified in spiral galaxies. This might be due to a bias in our sample toward star forming galaxies, combined with a trend for star forming galaxies to host brighter central clusters.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication on the Astronomical Journal
The Efficiency of Small-Scale Agriculture in Limpopo Province of South Africa
Creators: name: Meliko, Majory O.
name: Phinea, K. Chauke
name: Oni, Stephen A.
name: Meliko, Majory O.
name: Phinea, K. Chauke
name: Oni, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of the small scale farmers for the production year 2006/2007 in Limpopo province using policy analysis matrix. A total of twelve production systems were selected. Result shows that all were profitable under market condition with existing policies and all except Dry land maize had comparative advantage suggesting efficiency in the systems. Ranking the systems in term of PRC and DRC, irrigated vegetables like Potatoes, cabbages and tomatoes had higher profitability and comparative advantages than field crops like both dry and irrigated maize, Peanut and Beans. Despite competiveness in all and comparative advantage in most systems, these was not due to policy intervention as incentive indicators, e.g. SRP, shows that all production systems are being taxed indicating little motivation from policies for small scale farmers to production.
Observers, observations and referencing in physics theories
Creators: name: Ben-Ya'acov, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Is it possible to encompass the full extent of the universe within a theory based on a finite set of first principles and inference rules? The rôle of observers and observations in physics theories is considered here in the light of Gödel's incompleteness theorem. Physics theories are the sum-total that we -- humans, scientists, physicists -- can make in interpreting our observations of the universe. We are integral part of the universe, together with our observations, therefore acts of observation are also observables and should become part of the phenomena considered by the theory, especially in view of the fact that arbitrarily chosen modes of observations may essentially determine empirical results. Incompleteness arises in Gödel's theorem with self-referential propositions. Observations and interpretations are acts of referencing, and self-referencing occurs in physics whenever the observer is recognized as being part of the observed system. If self-reference appears in physics in simile to Gödel's theorem, then incompleteness seems unavoidable in physics. The article discusses observers and observations as referencing in physics, culminating with the understanding that they are hierarchically inter-related so that a universal physics theory cannot be complete.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Regular polytopes, sphere packings and Apollonian sections
Creators: name: Rasskin, Iván
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M20, 05B40, 52C17

description: In this paper, we explore the geometry and the arithmetic of a family of polytopal sphere packings induced by regular polytopes in any dimension. We prove that every integral polytope is crystallographic, and we show that there are 11 crystallographic regular polytopes in any dimension. After introducing the notion of Apollonian section, we determine which Platonic crystallographic packings emerge as cross-sections of the Apollonian arrangements of the regular 4-polytopes. Additionally, we compute the Möbius spectrum of every regular polytope.
Complex organic molecules in low-mass protostars on solar system scales -- I. Oxygen-bearing species
Creators: name: van Gelder, M. L.
name: Tabone, B.
name: Tychoniec, Ł.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Boogert, A. C. A.
name: Garatti, A. Caratti o
name: Klaassen, P. D.
name: Linnartz, H.
name: Müller, H. S. P.
name: Taquet, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex organic molecules (COMs) are thought to form on icy dust grains in the earliest phase of star formation. The evolution of these COMs from the youngest Class 0/I protostellar phases toward the more evolved Class II phase is still not fully understood. Since planet formation seems to start early, and mature disks are too cold for characteristic COM emission lines, studying the inventory of COMs on solar system scales in the Class 0/I stage is relevant. ALMA Band 3 (3 mm) and Band 6 (1 mm) observations are obtained of seven Class 0 protostars in the Perseus and Serpens star-forming regions. By modeling the inner protostellar region using 'LTE' models, the excitation temperature and column densities are determined for several O-bearing COMs. B1-c, B1-bS, and Serpens S68N show COM emission, i.e, three out of the seven sources. No clear correlation seems to exist between the occurrence of COMs and source luminosity. The abundances of several COMs with respect to CH3OH are remarkably similar for the three COM-rich sources, and to IRAS 16293-2422B and HH 212. For other COMs the abundances differ by up to an order of magnitude, indicating that local source conditions are case determining. B1-c hosts a cold ($T_{ex}\approx60$ K), more extended component of COM emission with a column density of typically a few % of the warm/hot ($T_{ex}\sim 200$ K), central component. A D/H ratio of 1-3 % is derived based on the CH2DOH/CH3OH ratio suggesting a temperature of $\sim$15~K during the formation of methanol. This ratio is consistent with other low-mass protostars. Future mid-infrared facilities such as JWST/MIRI will be essential to directly observe COM ices. Combining this with a larger sample of COM-rich sources with ALMA will allow for directly linking ice and gas-phase abundances in order to constrain the routes that produce and maintain chemical complexity during the star formation process.
description: Accepted to A&A, 44 pages, 17 figures
Factors influencing adoption and intensity of adoption of orange flesh sweetpotato varieties: evidence from an extension intervention in Nyanza and Western province, Kenya
Creators: name: Kaguongo, Wachira
name: Ortmann, Gerald F.
name: Wale, Edilegnaw
name: Darroch, Mark A.G.
name: Low, Jan W.
name: Kaguongo, Wachira
name: Ortmann, Gerald F.
name: Wale, Edilegnaw
name: Darroch, Mark A.G.
name: Low, Jan W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Adoption
subject: extension intervention programme
subject: intensity of adoption
subject: orange flesh sweetpotato

description: This study applied logit and logit transformed regression to examine factors affecting the adoption of orange flesh sweet-potatoes (OFSP), and intensity of such adoption, by a representative sample of 340 farmers in the Busia and Rachuonyo districts of Kenya in 2009. The study also investigated whether participation in a value chain extension intervention programme increased these farmers’ likelihood of adopting OFSP. The results suggest that the district where the farmer comes from, knowledge on value addition and nutritional benefits, and availability of vines were the key factors for adoption. The results also suggest that participation in a value chain extension programme enhanced the probability of adoption. Factors affecting intensity of adoption were site, value addition, vines availability, level of commercialization and having a child of up to five years.
Black Hole Spectral States and Physical Connections
Creators: name: Tomsick, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dramatic changes seen in the X-ray spectral and timing properties of accreting black hole candidates (BHCs) provide important clues about the accretion and jet formation processes that occur in these systems. Dividing the different source behaviors into spectral states provides a framework for studying BHCs. To date, there have been three main classification schemes with Luminosity-based, Component-based, or Transition-based criteria. The canonical, Luminosity-based criteria and physical models that are based on this concept do not provide clear explanations for several phenomena, including hysteresis of spectral states and the presence of jets. I discuss the re-definitions of states, focusing on an application of the Component-based states to more than 400 RXTE observations of the recurrent BHC 4U 1630-47. We compare the X-ray properties for the recent 2002-2004 outburst to those of an earlier (1998) outburst, during which radio jets were observed. The results suggest a connection between hysteresis of states and major jet ejections, and it is possible that both of these are related to the evolution of the inner radius of the optically thick accretion disk.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of COSPAR Colloquium "Spectra & Timing of Compact X-Ray Binaries," January 17-20, 2005, Mumbai, India
Additional file 1 of Establishment of a serological molecular model for the early diagnosis and progression monitoring of bone metastasis in lung cancer
Creators: name: Xiaoyan Teng
name: Lirong Wei
name: Liming Han
name: Daliu Min
name: Yuzhen Du
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. The clinical characteristics of 205 lung cancer patients for establishment of the diagnostic model of bone metastasis analysis.
Phase growth with heat diffusion in a stochastic lattice model
Creators: name: Hiraizumi, Mao
name: Ohta, Hiroki
name: Sasa, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a stable phase is adjacent to a metastable phase with a planar interface, the stable phase grows. We propose a stochastic lattice model describing the phase growth accompanying heat diffusion. The model is based on an energy-conserving Potts model with a kinetic energy term defined on a two-dimensional lattice, where each site is sparse-randomly connected in one direction and local in the other direction. For this model, we calculate the stable and metastable phases exactly using statistical mechanics. Performing numerical simulations, we measure the displacement of the interface $R(t)$. We observe the scaling relation $R(t)=L_x \bar{\mathcal{R}} (Dt/L_x^2)$, where $D$ is the thermal diffusion constant and $L_x$ is the system size between the two heat baths. The scaling function $\bar{\mathcal{R}}(z)$ shows $\bar{\mathcal{R}}(z) \simeq z^{0.5}$ for $z \ll z_c$ and $\bar{\mathcal{R}}(z) \simeq z^α$ for $z \gg z_c$, where the cross-over value $z_c$ and exponent $α$ depend on the temperatures of the baths, and $0.5\leα\le 1$. We then confirm that a deterministic phase-field model exhibits the same scaling relation. Moreover, numerical simulations of the phase-field model show that the cross-over value $\bar{\mathcal{R}}(z_c)$ approaches zero when the stable phase becomes neutral.
description: 11pages,24 figures
Discrete-time control of bilateral teleoperation systems: a review
Creators: name: Ghavifekr, Amir Aminzadeh
name: Ghiasi, Amir Rikhtehgar
name: Badamchizadeh, Mohammad Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The possibility of operating in remote environments using teleoperation systems has been considered widely in the control literature. This paper presents a review on the discrete-time teleoperation systems, including issues such as stability, passivity and time delays. Using discrete-time methods for a master-slave teleoperation system can simplify control implementation. Varieties of control schemes have been proposed for these systems and major concerns such as passivity, stability and transparency have been studied. Recently, unreliable communication networks affected by packet loss and variable transmission delays have been received much attention. Thus, it is worth considering discrete-time theories for bilateral teleoperation architectures, which are formulated on the same lines as the continuous-time systems. Despite the extensive amount of researches concerning continuous-time teleoperation systems, only a few papers have been published on the analysis and controller design for discrete bilateral forms. This paper takes into account the challenges for the discrete structure of bilateral teleoperation systems and notifies the recent contributions in this area. The effect of sampling time on the stability-transparency trade-off and the task performance is taken into consideration in this review. These studies can help to design guidelines to have better transparency and stable teleoperation systems.
Magnetic order and spin fluctuations in the spin liquid Tb$\_2$Sn$\_2$O$\_7$
Creators: name: Mirebeau, I.
name: Apeteri, A.
name: Rodriguez-Carvajal, J.
name: Bonville, P.
name: Forget, A.
name: Colson, D.
name: Glazkov, V.
name: Sanchez, J. P.
name: Isnard, O.
name: Suard, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the spin liquid Tb$\_2$Sn$\_2$O$\_7$ by neutron diffraction and specific heat measurements. Below about 2 K, the magnetic correlations change from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic. Magnetic order settles in two steps, with a smeared transition at 1.3(1) K then an abrupt transition at 0.87(2) K. A new magnetic structure is observed, not predicted by current models, with both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic character. It suggests that the spin liquid degeneracy is lifted by dipolar interactions combined with a finite anisotropy along $<111>$ axes. In the ground state, the Tb$^{3+}$ ordered moment is reduced with respect to the free ion moment (9 $μ\_{\rm B}$). The moment value of 3.3(3) $μ\_{\rm B}$ deduced from the specific heat is much smaller than derived from neutron diffraction of 5.9(1) $μ\_{\rm B}$. This difference is interpreted by the persistence of slow collective magnetic fluctuations down to the lowest temperatures.
Imprint of anisotropic primordial non-Gaussianity on halo intrinsic alignments in simulations
Creators: name: Akitsu, Kazuyuki
name: Kurita, Toshiki
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Tanaka, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using $N$-body simulations of cosmological large-scale structure formation, for the first time, we show that the anisotropic primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) causes a scale-dependent modification, given by $1/k^2$ at small $k$ limit, in the three-dimensional power spectra of halo shapes (intrinsic alignments), whilst the conventional power spectrum of halo number density field remains unaffected. We discuss that wide-area imaging and spectrocopic surveys observing the same region of the sky allow us to constrain the quadrupole PNG coefficient $f_{\rm NL}^{s=2}$ at a precision comparable with or better than that of the cosmic microwave background.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures; an accepted version for publication in PRD