cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probing the electromagnetic properties of the $Σ_c^{(*)}D^{(*)}$-type doubly charmed molecular pentaquarks
Creators: name: Zhou, Hong-Yan
name: Wang, Fu-Lai
name: Liu, Zhan-Wei
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we discuss the electromagnetic properties of the $S$-wave $Σ_c^{(*)}D^{(*)}$-type doubly charmed molecular pentaquarks, which have close relation to their inner structures. Both the $S$-$D$ wave mixing effect and the coupled channel effect are taken into account. We analyze the magnetic moments for the $S$-wave $Σ_c^{(*)}D^{(*)}$ molecular states, and extend our theoretical framework to study the transition magnetic moments and the radiative decay widths between the $S$-wave $Σ_c^{(*)}D^{(*)}$ molecules. We discuss the relations between the magnetic moments and the transition magnetic moments for the $S$-wave $Σ_c^{(*)}D^{(*)}$-type doubly charmed molecular pentaquarks, which can be regarded as an indirect way to measure their magnetic moments experimentally. The present study may inspire experimentalist's interest in measuring the electromagnetic properties of the hadronic molecular states.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures and 9 tables
Some fluctuation results for weakly interacting multi-type particle systems
Creators: name: Wu, Ruoyu
name: Budhiraja, Amarjit
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: A collection of N-diffusing interacting particles where each particle belongs to one of K different populations is considered. Evolution equation for a particle from population k depends on the K empirical measures of particle states corresponding to the various populations and the form of this dependence may change from one population to another. In addition, the drift coefficients in the particle evolution equations may depend on a factor that is common to all particles and which is described through the solution of a stochastic differential equation coupled, through the empirical measures, with the N-particle dynamics. We are interested in the asymptotic behavior as N→∞. Although the full system is not exchangeable, particles in the same population have an exchangeable distribution. Using this structure, one can prove using standard techniques a law of large numbers result and a propagation of chaos property. In the current work we study fluctuations about the law of large number limit. For the case where the common factor is absent the limit is given in terms of a Gaussian field whereas in the presence of a common factor it is characterized through a mixture of Gaussian distributions. We also obtain, as a corollary, new fluctuation results for disjoint sub-families of single type particle systems, i.e. when K=1. Finally, we establish limit theorems for multi-type statistics of such weakly interacting particles, given in terms of multiple Wiener integrals.
On the Expressiveness of Joining
Creators: name: Given-Wilson, Thomas
name: Legay, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.2; D.3.3

description: The expressiveness of communication primitives has been explored in a common framework based on the pi-calculus by considering four features: synchronism (asynchronous vs synchronous), arity (monadic vs polyadic data), communication medium (shared dataspaces vs channel-based), and pattern-matching (binding to a name vs testing name equality vs intensionality). Here another dimension coordination is considered that accounts for the number of processes required for an interaction to occur. Coordination generalises binary languages such as pi-calculus to joining languages that combine inputs such as the Join Calculus and general rendezvous calculus. By means of possibility/impossibility of encodings, this paper shows coordination is unrelated to the other features. That is, joining languages are more expressive than binary languages, and no combination of the other features can encode a joining language into a binary language. Further, joining is not able to encode any of the other features unless they could be encoded otherwise.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2015, arXiv:1508.04595. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1408.1455
Mirror Symmetry for Five-Parameter Hulek-Verrill Manifolds
Creators: name: Candelas, Philip
name: de la Ossa, Xenia
name: Kuusela, Pyry
name: McGovern, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the mirrors of five-parameter Calabi-Yau threefolds first studied by Hulek and Verrill in the context of observed modular behaviour of the zeta functions for Calabi-Yau manifolds. Toric geometry allows for a simple explicit construction of these mirrors, which turn out to be familiar manifolds. These are elliptically fibred in multiple ways. By studying the singular fibres, we are able to identify the rational curves of low degree on the mirror manifolds. This verifies the mirror symmetry prediction obtained by studying the mirror map near large complex structure points. We undertake also an extensive study of the periods of the Hulek-Verrill manifolds and their monodromies. On the mirror, we compute the genus-zero and -one instanton numbers, which are labelled by 5 indices, as $h^{1,1}=5$. There is an obvious permutation symmetry on these indices, but in addition there is a surprising repetition of values. We trace this back to an $S_{6}$ symmetry made manifest by certain constructions of the complex structure moduli space of the Hulek-Verrill manifold. Among other consequences, we see in this way that the moduli space has six large complex structure limits. It is the freedom to expand the prepotential about any one of these points that leads to this symmetry in the instanton numbers. An intriguing fact is that the group that acts on the instanton numbers is larger than $S_6$ and is in fact an infinite hyperbolic Coxeter group, that we study. The group orbits have a 'web' structure, and with certain qualifications the instanton numbers are only nonzero if they belong to what we term 'positive webs'. This structure has consequences for instanton numbers at all genera.
description: v3: a conclusions section added, clarified the role of periods and birationality
The tropical Manin-Mumford conjecture
Creators: name: Richman, David Harry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T25 (Primary), 05C10, 14H40, 14K12, 26C15, 05C38, 05C50 (Secondary)

description: In analogy with the Manin-Mumford conjecture for algebraic curves, one may ask how a metric graph under the Abel-Jacobi embedding intersects torsion points of its Jacobian. We show that the number of torsion points is finite for metric graphs of genus $g\geq 2$ which are biconnected and have edge lengths which are "sufficiently irrational" in a precise sense. Under these assumptions, the number of torsion points is bounded by $3g-3$. Next we study bounds on the number of torsion points in the image of higher-degree Abel-Jacobi embeddings, which send $d$-tuples of points to the Jacobian. This motivates the definition of the "independent girth" of a graph, a number which is a sharp upper bound for $d$ such that the higher-degree Manin-Mumford property holds.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, comments welcome! v2: final version, to appear in IMRN
Explicit formulas and decay rates for the solution of the wave equation in cosmological spacetimes
Creators: name: Natario, Jose
name: Rossetti, Flavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L05 (Primary) 58J45, 83C57, 83F05 (Secondary)

description: We obtain explicit formulas for the solution of the wave equation in certain Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetimes. Our method, pioneered by Klainerman and Sarnak, consists in finding differential operators that map solutions of the wave equation in these FLRW spacetimes to solutions of the conformally invariant wave equation in simpler, ultra-static spacetimes, for which spherical mean formulas are available. In addition to recovering the formulas for the dust-filled flat and hyperbolic FLRW spacetimes originally derived by Klainerman and Sarnak, and generalizing them to the spherical case, we obtain new formulas for the radiation-filled FLRW spacetimes and also for the de Sitter, anti-de Sitter and Milne universes. We use these formulas to study the solutions with respect to the Huygens principle and the decay rates, and to formulate conjectures about the general decay rates in flat and hyperbolic FLRW spacetimes. The positive resolution of the conjecture in the flat case is seen to follow from known results in the literature.
description: 34 pages, 2 figures; v2: conjectures refined, improved introduction, proof of Theorem 6.2 corrected
From bureaucratic capacity to legislation: how ministerial resources shape governments’ policy-making capabilities
Creators: name: Klüser, K. Jonathan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Computational Biology

description: How does ministries’ capacity to draft legislation affect the political output of modern governments? This article combines a novel dataset describing the capacity of ministerial bureaucracies to attend to about 250 distinct policy issues with content-coded data on government legislation. The sample consists of Danish, Dutch and German governments, jointly spanning the time from 1995 to 2013. The analysis reveals three main findings: firstly, issue-specific bureaucratic capacity unconditionally increases governments’ legislative activity; secondly, legislative activity is stifled if bureaucratic capacity is spread across different ministries; thirdly, against theoretical expectations the productive effect of bureaucratic capacity is not positively related to governments’ issue salience. The results indicate that the design and resources of ministerial portfolios affect policy making in western governments.
Computing Periodic Points on Veech Surfaces
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Zawad
name: Everett, Samuel
name: Freedman, Sam
name: Lee, Destine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A non-square-tiled Veech surface has finitely many periodic points, i.e., points with finite orbit under the affine automorphism group. We present an algorithm that inputs a non-square-tiled Veech surface and outputs its set of periodic points. We apply our algorithm to Prym eigenforms in the minimal stratum in genus 3, proving that in low discriminant these surfaces do not have periodic points, except for the fixed points of the Prym involution.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Geometriae Dedicata
Upgrading the protection of children from manipulative and addictive strategies in online games: Legal and technical solutions beyond privacy regulation
Creators: name: Crepax, Tommaso
name: Muehlberg, Jan Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the increasing awareness from academia, civil society and media to the issue of child manipulation online, the current EU regulatory system fails at providing sufficient levels of protection. Given the universality of the issue, there is a need to combine and further these scattered efforts into a unitary, multidisciplinary theory of digital manipulation that identifies causes and effects, systematizes the technical and legal knowledge on manipulative and addictive tactics, and to find effective regulatory mechanisms to fill the legislative gaps. In this paper we discuss manipulative and exploitative strategies in the context of online games for children, suggest a number of possible reasons for the failure of the applicable regulatory system, propose an "upgrade" for the regulatory approach to address these risks from the perspective of freedom of thought, and present and discuss technological approaches that allow for the development of games that verifiably protect the privacy and freedoms of players.
Clump formation through colliding stellar winds in the Galactic Centre
Creators: name: Calderón, D.
name: Ballone, A.
name: Cuadra, J.
name: Schartmann, M.
name: Burkert, A.
name: Gillessen, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas cloud G2 is currently being tidally disrupted by the Galactic Centre super-massive black hole, Sgr A*. The region around the black hole is populated by $\sim 30$ Wolf-Rayet stars, which produce strong outflows. We explore the possibility that gas clumps, such as G2, originate from the collision of stellar winds via the non-linear thin shell instability. Following an analytical approach, we study the thermal evolution of slabs formed in the symmetric collision of winds, evaluating whether instabilities occur, and estimating possible clump masses. We find that the collision of relatively slow ($< 750$ km s$^{-1}$) and strong ($\sim 10^{-5}$ Msun yr$^{-1}$) stellar winds from stars at short separations ($<10$ mpc) is a process that indeed could produce clumps of G2's mass and above. Such short separation encounters of single stars along their known orbits are not common in the Galactic Centre, making this process a possible but unlikely origin for G2. We also discuss clump formation in close binaries such as IRS 16SW and in asymmetric encounters as promising alternatives that deserve further numerical study.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 11 pages, 6 figures
Collective action and market formation: An integrative framework
Creators: name: Bingham, Christopher B.
name: Lee, Brandon H.
name: Struben, Jeroen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Research Summary : While extant research recognizes the importance of collective action for market formation, it provides little understanding about when and to what extent collective action is important. In this article, we develop a novel theoretical framework detailing what collective action problems and solutions arise in market formation and under what conditions. Our framework centers on the development of market infrastructure with three key factors that influence the nature and extent of collective action problems: perceived returns to contributions, excludability, and contribution substitutability. We apply our framework to diverse market formation contexts and derive a set of attendant propositions. Finally, we show how collective action problems and solutions evolve during market formation efforts and discuss how our framework contributes to strategic management, entrepreneurship, and organization literatures. Managerial Summary : This article lays out the key considerations that players operating in new markets should contemplate when making nontrivial investments in those spaces. As collective action problems can thwart efforts to establish new markets, we ask: When and under what conditions should market players collaborate rather than act independently? And if players collaborate, how should they coordinate to establish a new market? To address these research questions, we develop a novel generalizable framework of collective action in market formation. Our framework assesses the presence and type of collective action problems that hinder market formation and identifies potential solutions tied to those collective action problems.
Design, synthesis and cytotoxic evaluation of novel bis-thiazole derivatives as preferential Pim1 kinase inhibitors with in vivo and in silico study
Creators: name: Al-Sanea, Mohammad M.
name: Nasr, Tamer M.
name: Bondock, Samir
name: Gawish, Aya Y.
name: Mohamed, Nada M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Bis-thiazole derivatives were synthesised conforming to the Pim1 pharmacophore model following Hantzsch condensation. Pim1 has a major role in regulating the G1/S phase which upon inhibition the cell cycle stops at its early stages. Derivatives 3b and 8b showed the best Pim1 IC50 0.32 and 0.24 µM, respectively relative to staurosporine IC50 0.36 µM. Further confirmation of 3b and 8b Pim1 inhibition was implemented by hindering the T47D cell cycle at G0/G1 and S phases where 3b showed 66.5% cells accumulation at G0/G1 phase while 8b demonstrated 26.5% cells accumulation at the S phase compared to 53.9% and 14.9% of a control group for both phases, respectively. Additional in vivo cytotoxic evaluation of 3b and 8b revealed strong antitumor activity with up-regulation of caspase-3 and down-regulation of VEGF and TNF α immune expression with concomitant elevation of malondialdehyde levels in case of 8b.
title: Harm reduction through housing first: an assessment of the Emergency Warming Centre in Inuvik, Canada
Creators: name: Young, Michael
name: Manion, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Harm Reduction Journal
Year: 2017
Subjects: Harm reduction
Homeless persons

description: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
description: Background: This research examines the effectiveness of an Emergency Warming Centre (EWC) in Inuvik, Canada, at reducing rates of morbidity and mortality for homeless persons with concurrent disorders (mental health problems and addictions). Inuvik is a small town of approximately 3500 residents, with over 65% being Aboriginal. The town is situated on the Beaufort Delta in the Western Canadian Arctic and is subject to oil and gas extraction-based boom and bust economic cycles. The centre provided food and accommodation for those under the influence of alcohol or drugs who had no other place to stay. Methods: Qualitative interviews about users’ experiences at the centre were conducted with guests, as they were called, centre staff and other key stakeholders in autumn 2014 and spring 2015. Samples of (9) respondents and (7) stakeholders provided significant information about the importance of the EWC. The content of the qualitative data with guests and stakeholders were analyzed for emergent themes. Results: Several emergent themes and subthemes related to participants’ experiences at the EWC and success of the centre. Overall, the results showed that guests benefitted from a safe place to stay and felt better about their overall health. Conclusions: Compared with research on wet shelters in New Zealand, Great Britain and the US, this research reveals that harm reduction-based models for homeless persons with concurrent disorders require significant investments in infrastructure, which are not readily available. Yet, the lessons learned from these jurisdictions might be extrapolated to communities like Inuvik to develop alternative housing strategies. Keywords: Harm reduction, Homelessness, Concurrent disorders, Housing first, Aboriginal, Qualitative methods
Why do immigrants support an anti-immigrant party? Russian-Germans and the Alternative for Germany
Creators: name: Spies, Dennis Christopher
name: Mayer, Sabrina Jasmin
name: Elis, Jonas
name: Goerres, Achim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: By reaching a vote share of 12.6 percent in the 2017 federal election, the Alternative for Germany (AfD) ended Germany’s rare status as a Western European polity lacking a significant Populist Radical Right Party (PRRP). Some of this support comes from a group not usually expected to vote for PRRPs: immigrant-origin voters. Recent survey data shows high levels of support for the AfD especially within the group of Russian-Germans – immigrants from the former Soviet Union and its successor states. What motivates these immigrant-origin voters to support an anti-immigrant party? This article argues that support for the AfD – besides immigration-related preferences – can be best explained by their levels of assimilation or incorporation for different domains regarding the mainstream German society. Especially low levels of economic and social integration, and in particular a strong ethnic identity, relate positively to favouring the German radical right.
Cosmological Standard Timers from Unstable Primordial Relics
Creators: name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Chen, Chao
name: Ding, Qianhang
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we study a hypothetical possibility of tracking the evolution of our Universe by introducing a series of the so-called standard timers. Any unstable primordial relics generated in the very early Universe may serve as the standard timers, as they can evolve through the whole cosmological background until their end while their certain time-varying properties could be a possible timer by recording the amount of physical time elapsed since the very early moments. Accordingly, if one could observe these quantities at different redshifts, then a redshift-time relation of the cosmic history can be attained. To illustrate such a hypothetical possibility, we consider the primordial black hole bubbles as a concrete example and analyze the mass function inside a redshifted bubble by investigating the inverse problem of Hawking radiation. To complete the analyses theoretically, the mass distribution can serve as a calibration of the standard timers.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures; accepted by EPJC
Production of secondary particles and nuclei in cosmic rays collisions with the interstellar gas using the FLUKA code
Creators: name: Mazziotta, M. N.
name: Cerutti, F.
name: Ferrari, A.
name: Gaggero, D.
name: Loparco, F.
name: Sala, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measured fluxes of secondary particles produced by the interactions of Cosmic Rays (CRs) with the astronomical environment play a crucial role in understanding the physics of CR transport. In this work we present a comprehensive calculation of the secondary hadron, lepton, gamma-ray and neutrino yields produced by the inelastic interactions between several species of stable or long-lived cosmic rays projectiles (p, D, T, 3He, 4He, 6Li, 7Li, 9Be, 10Be, 10B, 11B, 12C, 13C, 14C, 14N, 15N, 16O, 17O, 18O, 20Ne, 24Mg and 28Si) and different target gas nuclei (p, 4He, 12C, 14N, 16O, 20Ne, 24Mg, 28Si and 40Ar). The yields are calculated using FLUKA, a simulation package designed to compute the energy distributions of secondary products with large accuracy in a wide energy range. The present results provide, for the first time, a complete and self-consistent set of all the relevant inclusive cross sections regarding the whole spectrum of secondary products in nuclear collisions. We cover, for the projectiles, a kinetic energy range extending from $0.1 GeV/n$ up to $100 TeV/n$ in the lab frame. In order to show the importance of our results for multi-messenger studies about the physics of CR propagation, we evaluate the propagated spectra of Galactic secondary nuclei, leptons, and gamma rays produced by the interactions of CRs with the insterstellar gas, exploiting the numerical codes DRAGON and GammaSky. We show that, adopting our cross section database, we are able to provide a good fit of a complete sample of CR observables, including: leptonic and hadronic spectra measured at Earth, the local interstellar spectra measured by Voyager, and the gamma-ray emissivities from Fermi-LAT collaboration. We also show a set of gamma-ray and neutrino full-sky maps and spectra.
description: Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics, anti-proton production in p-C at 158 GeV/c plot added, 20 pages, 18 figures; fixing typo in the y-axis label of Figs. 9 and 10
Compact localized boundary states in a quasi-1D electronic diamond-necklace chain
Creators: name: Kempkes, S. N.
name: Capiod, P.
name: Ismaili, S.
name: Mulkens, J.
name: Eek, L.
name: Swart, I.
name: Smith, C. Morais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zero-energy modes localized at the ends of one-dimensional (1D) wires hold great potential as qubits for fault-tolerant quantum computing. However, all the candidates known to date exhibit a wave function that decays exponentially into the bulk and hybridizes with other nearby zero-modes, thus hampering their use for braiding operations. Here, we show that a quasi-1D diamond-necklace chain exhibits a completely unforeseen type of robust boundary state, namely compact localized zero-energy modes that do not decay into the bulk. We theoretically engineer a lattice geometry to access this mode, and experimentally realize it in an electronic quantum simulator setup. Our work provides a general route for the realization of robust and compact localized zero-energy modes that could potentially be braided without the drawbacks of hybridization.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Unveiling the disc structure in ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 55 ULX-1
Creators: name: Barra, F.
name: Pinto, C.
name: Walton, D. J.
name: Kosec, P.
name: D'Aì, A.
name: Di Salvo, T.
name: Del Santo, M.
name: Earnshaw, H.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Fuerst, F.
name: Marino, A.
name: Pintore, F.
name: Robba, A.
name: Roberts, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite two decades of studies, it is still not clear whether ULX spectral transitions are due to stochastic variability in the wind or variations in the accretion rate or in the source geometry. The compact object is also unknown for most ULXs. In order to place constraints onto such scenarios and on the structure of the accretion disc, we studied the temporal evolution of the spectral components of the variable source NGC 55 ULX-1. Using recent and archival data obtained with the XMM-Newton satellite, we modelled the spectra with two blackbody components which we interpret as thermal emission from the inner accretion flow and the regions around or beyond the spherization radius. The luminosity-temperature (L-T) relation of each spectral component agrees with the L proportional T^4 relationship expected from a thin disc model, which suggests that the accretion rate is close to the Eddington limit. However, there are some small deviations at the highest luminosities, possibly due to an expansion of the disc and a contribution from the wind at higher accretion rates. Assuming that such deviations are due to the crossing of the Eddington or supercritical accretion rate, we estimate a compact object mass of 6-14 Msun, favouring a stellar-mass black hole as the accretor.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Heart Rate Variability and Incident Stroke
Creators: name: Alonso, Alvaro
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: MacLehose, Richard F.
name: Whitsel, Eric A.
name: Gottesman, Rebecca F.
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Fyfe-Johnson, Amber L.
name: Muller, Clemma J.
name: Agarwal, Sunil K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Low heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of cardiac autonomic dysfunction, has been associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. We examined the association between reduced HRV and incident stroke in a community-based cohort.

METHODS: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study measured HRV using 2-minute ECG readings in 12 550 middle-aged adults at baseline (1987-1989). HRV indices were calculated using the SD of RR intervals (SDNN), the mean of all normal RR intervals (meanNN), the root mean square of successive differences of successive RR intervals (RMSSD), low (LF) and high (HF) frequency power, and the LF/HF ratio. All HRV measures were categorized into quintiles. Incident stroke was adjudicated through 2011. Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with the lowest HRV quintile as the reference, with and without stratification by prevalent diabetes mellitus.

RESULTS: Over a median follow-up of 22 years, 816 (6.5%) participants experienced incident stroke. After covariate adjustment, there was no strong evidence of association between HRV and stroke risk. In stratified analyses, the lowest HRV quintile was associated with higher stroke risk compared with the highest quintile for SDNN (HR, 2.0, 95% confidence interval, 1.1-4.0), RMSSD (HR, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.9-3.2), LF (HR, 1.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.8-3.0), and HF (HR, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 0.9-3.0) only among people with diabetes mellitus.

CONCLUSIONS: Lower HRV was associated with higher risk of incident stroke among middle-aged adults with prevalent diabetes mellitus but not among people without diabetes mellitus.
Multiscale mobility patterns and the restriction of human movement
Creators: name: Schindler, Dominik J.
name: Clarke, Jonathan
name: Barahona, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: From the perspective of human mobility, the COVID-19 pandemic constituted a natural experiment of enormous reach in space and time. Here, we analyse the inherent multiple scales of human mobility using Facebook Movement Maps collected before and during the first UK lockdown. First, we obtain the pre-lockdown UK mobility graph, and employ multiscale community detection to extract, in an unsupervised manner, a set of robust partitions into flow communities at different levels of coarseness. The partitions so obtained capture intrinsic mobility scales with better coverage than NUTS regions, which suffer from mismatches between human mobility and administrative divisions. Furthermore, the flow communities in the fine scale partition match well the UK Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) but also capture mobility patterns beyond commuting to work. We also examine the evolution of mobility under lockdown, and show that mobility first reverted towards fine scale flow communities already found in the pre-lockdown data, and then expanded back towards coarser flow communities as restrictions were lifted. The improved coverage induced by lockdown is well captured by a linear decay shock model, which allows us to quantify regional differences both in the strength of the effect and the recovery time from the lockdown shock.
Characterization and measurement of qubit-environment entanglement generation during pure dephasing
Creators: name: Roszak, Katarzyna
name: Cywiński, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the coupling of a qubit in a pure state to an environment in an arbitrary state, and characterize the possibility of qubit-environment entanglement generation during the evolution of the joint system, that leads to pure dephasing of the qubit. We give a simple necessary and sufficient condition on the initial density matrix of the environment together with the properties of the interaction, for appearance of qubit-environment entanglement. Any entanglement created turns out to be detectable by the Peres-Horodecki criterion. Furthermore, we show that for a large family of initial environmental states, the appearance of nonzero entanglement with the environment is necessarily accompanied by a change in the state of the environment (i.e. by the back-action of the qubit).
description: 6 pages, no figures
Mathematical model identifies effective P53 accumulation with target gene binding affinity in DNA damage response for cell fate decision
Creators: name: Sun, Tingzhe
name: Mu, Dan
name: Cui, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Functional p53 signaling is essential for appropriate responses to diverse stimuli. P53 dynamics employs the information from the stimulus leading to selective gene expression and cell fate decision. However, the decoding mechanism of p53 dynamics under DNA damage challenge remains poorly understood. Here we mathematically modeled the recently dual-phase p53 dynamics under doxorubicin treatment. We found that p53 could perform sequential pulses followed by a high-amplitude terminal pulse at relatively low doxorubicin treatment, whereas p53 became steadily accumulated when damage level was high. The effective p53 integral above a threshold but not the absolute accumulation of p53 precisely discriminated survival and death. Silencing negative regulators in p53 network might promote the occurrence of terminal pulse. Furthermore, lower binding affinity and degradation rate of p53 target genes could favorably discriminate high and low dose doxorubicin treatment. Grouping by temporal profiles suggested that the p53 dynamics rather than the doxorubicin doses could better discriminate cellular outcomes and confer less variation for effective p53 integral reemphasizing the importance of p53 level regulation. Our model has established a theoretical framework that p53 dynamics can work cooperatively with its binding affinity to target genes leading to cell fate choice, providing new clues of optimized clinical design by manipulating p53 dynamics.
A horn-like characterization of the fibrant objects in the minimal model structure on simplicial sets
Creators: name: Feller, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18N40, 18N50

description: We show that the fibrant objects in the minimal model structure on the category of simplicial sets are characterized by a lifting condition with respect to maps which resemble the horn inclusions that define Kan complexes.
description: 17 pages; v3: Final version, to appear in Higher Structures
What explains the size of parliamentary staff?
Creators: name: Otjes, Simon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Little is known about the staff who support MPs in their work. The literature suggests that these staff serve different important roles in democratic systems. This article compares the size of parliamentary staff in 48 countries and in 66 houses over an eight-year period. It compares three explanations of staff size, which reflect different roles they can have: firstly, that these staff serve MPs as compromise facilitators, planners and scribes. In that case, their number reflects the number of MPs. Secondly, that staff members function as information brokers and advertisers and as such act as intermediaries between the population and MPs. In that case, staff size reflects population size. And thirdly, that these staff primarily serve as a source of independent advice for MPs. In that case, staff size reflects the strength of the house they serve. Population size is found to be the dominant driver of the size of parliamentary staff.
On the Computation Power of Name Parameterization in Higher-order Processes
Creators: name: Xu, Xian
name: Yin, Qiang
name: Long, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.2

description: Parameterization extends higher-order processes with the capability of abstraction (akin to that in lambda-calculus), and is known to be able to enhance the expressiveness. This paper focuses on the parameterization of names, i.e. a construct that maps a name to a process, in the higher-order setting. We provide two results concerning its computation capacity. First, name parameterization brings up a complete model, in the sense that it can express an elementary interactive model with built-in recursive functions. Second, we compare name parameterization with the well-known pi-calculus, and provide two encodings between them.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2015, arXiv:1508.04595
Toeplitz operators on the weighted Bergman spaces of quotient domains
Creators: name: Ghosh, Gargi
name: Narayanan, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B35, 30H20, 47B32

description: Let $G$ be a finite pseudoreflection group and $Ω\subseteq \mathbb C^d$ be a bounded domain which is a $G$-space. We establish identities involving Toeplitz operators on the weighted Bergman spaces of $Ω$ and $Ω/G$ using invariant theory and representation theory of $G.$ This, in turn, provides techniques to study algebraic properties of Toeplitz operators on the weighted Bergman space on $Ω/G.$ We specialize on the generalized zero-product problem and characterization of commuting pairs of Toeplitz operators. As a consequence, more intricate results on Toeplitz operators on the weighted Bergman spaces on some specific quotient domains (namely symmetrized polydisc, monomial polyhedron, Rudin's domain) have been obtained.
description: 23 pages
Atomistic simulations of ductile failure in a b.c.c. high entropy alloy
Creators: name: Aquistapace, Franco
name: Vazquez, Nicolás
name: Chiarpotti, Matías
name: Deluigi, Orlando
name: Ruestes, Carlos J.
name: Bringa, Eduardo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ductile failure is studied in a bcc HfNbTaZr High Entropy Alloy (HEA) with a pre-existing void. Using molecular dynamics simulations of uniaxial tensile tests, we explore the effect of void radius on the elastic modulus and yield stress. The elastic modulus scales with porosity as in closed-cell foams. The critical stress for dislocation nucleation as a function of the void radius is very well described by a model designed after pure bcc metals, taking into account a larger core radius for the HEA. Twinning takes place as a complementary deformation mechanism, and some detwinning occurs at large strain. No solid-solid phase transitions are identified. The concurrent effects of element size mismatch and plasticity lead to significant lattice disorder. By comparing our HEA results to pure tantalum simulations, we show that the critical stress for dislocation nucleation and the resulting dislocation densities are much lower than for pure Ta, as expected from lower energy barriers due to chemical complexity
description: Total: 33 pages. Main article: 25 pages, 10 figures. Supplementary Material: 8 pages, 9 figures
Mathematical Model Identifies Effective P53 Accumulation with Target Gene Binding Affinity in DNA Damage Response for Cell Fate Decision
Creators: name: Sun, Tingzhe
name: Mu, Dan
name: Cui, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Functional p53 signaling is essential for appropriate responses to diverse stimuli. P53 dynamics employs the information from the stimulus leading to selective gene expression and cell fate decision. However, the decoding mechanism of p53 dynamics under DNA damage challenge remains poorly understood. Here we mathematically modeled the recently dual-phase p53 dynamics under doxorubicin treatment. We found that p53 could perform sequential pulses followed by a high-amplitude terminal pulse at relatively low doxorubicin treatment, whereas p53 became steadily accumulated when damage level was high. The effective p53 integral above a threshold but not the absolute accumulation of p53 precisely discriminated survival and death. Silencing negative regulators in p53 network might promote the occurrence of terminal pulse. Furthermore, lower binding affinity and degradation rate of p53 target genes could favorably discriminate high and low dose doxorubicin treatment. Grouping by temporal profiles suggested that the p53 dynamics rather than the doxorubicin doses could better discriminate cellular outcomes and confer less variation for effective p53 integral reemphasizing the importance of p53 level regulation. Our model has established a theoretical framework that p53 dynamics can work cooperatively with its binding affinity to target genes leading to cell fate choice, providing new clues of optimized clinical design by manipulating p53 dynamics.
Hospitalized Infection as a Trigger for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Creators: name: Gottesman, Rebecca F.
name: Pankow, James S.
name: Lakshminarayan, Kamakshi
name: Alonso, Alvaro
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Cowan, Logan T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Acute triggers for ischemic stroke, which may include infection, are understudied, as is whether background cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk modifies such triggering. We hypothesized that infection increases acute stroke risk, especially among those with low CVD risk.
Symmetry invariance of conservation laws of partial differential equations
Creators: name: Anco, Stephen C.
name: Kara, Abdul H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A simple characterization of the action of symmetries on conservation laws of partial differential equations is studied by using the general method of conservation law multipliers. This action is used to define symmetry-invariant and symmetry-homogeneous conservation laws. The main results are applied to several examples of physically interest, including the generalized Korteveg-de Vries equation, a non-Newtonian generalization of Burger's equation, the b-family of peakon equations, and the Navier-Stokes equations for compressible, viscous fluids in two dimensions.
description: 36 pages. Minor revisions. Published version. To appear in Euro. J. Applied Math. (2017)
title: Impact of circle of Willis configuration on cerebral perfusion in patients undergoing internal carotid artery stenosis revascularization
Creators: name: Suslin, Alexander
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Vascular
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: CT perfusion (CTP) iswidely available and represents a fast and reliable imaging option for assessing cerebral perfusion in patients withischemic stroke (5) and carotid artery stenosis (6). Assessment of cerebral perfusion and collateral circulation...
Code and data for ‘Fisheries track the future redistribution of marine species’
Creators: name: Cruz, Leonardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: The 'code and data.zip' file contain all the necessary data and code to reproduce the analyses.Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-024-02127-7Code is also available at GitHub (https://github.com/leonardocruz37/Fishing-fleet-modeling.git)
This compressed file includes:The processed Global Fishing Watch data (2013-2020) | Source: https://globalfishingwatch.org/Exclusive Economic Zones boundaries shapefile version 12 | Source: https://marineregions.org/Environmental layers | Source: https://www.bio-oracle.org/List of the 82 countries and their regions according to the World BankModels outputPackages used that are not in CRAN (cannot be download through R) - just copy them to the folder where the other packages are installed. rgdal and maptools for figures and embarcadero for modelling (https://github.com/cjcarlson/embarcadero)
Blame avoidance in hard times: complex governance structures and the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Hinterleitner, Markus
name: Honegger, Céline
name: Sager, Fritz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This article investigates how governments shift blame during large-scale, prolonged crises. While existing research shows that governments can effectively diffuse blame through ‘fuzzy’ governance structures, less is known about blame diffusion patterns during severe crises when citizens widely expect governments to assume leadership. The article develops expectations on how blame diffusion patterns – consisting of blame-shifting onto lower-level government units, citizens and experts – look and differ in fuzzy governance structures (the political courant normal) and in consolidated governance structures (when governments are called on to consolidate responsibility). The article then tests this theoretical argument with a within-unit longitudinal study of the blame diffusion patterns employed by the Swiss Federal Council (FC) during press conferences held during the COVID-19 pandemic. The period under analysis (March–December 2020) is divided into three phases characterised by different governance structures due to the FC’s enactment of emergency law. The analysis reveals that blame diffusion patterns vary considerably across phases and that blame spills out of the political system when fuzzy governance structures ‘lose their bite’. These findings are relevant for our understanding of democratic governance under pressure.