cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
VIOMASS: Virtual Observatory Integration Of Madcuba And SLIM Spectra
Creators: name: Rizzo, J. R.
name: Blanco, C.
name: Martin-Pintado, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Virtual Observatory
Data science and archives
Radio astronomy

description: MADCUBA is an astronomical package primarily aimed to reduce and analyze data from many radio astronomical facilities. MADCUBA is not only able to process individual spectra, but also data cubes. In addition, it is able to identify thousands of molecular rotational transitions and radio recombination lines by consulting the most important molecular databases. One of its tasks -SLIM- simulates LTE conditions and makes a semi-automatic fitting of many lines simultaneously. Under a collaborative effort of Virtual Observatory (VO) and MADCUBA groups, we are implementing new functionalities in MADCUBA to make it VO-compliant. The final objective is to profit the robustness of MADCUBA and the versatility of VO in order to increase visibility of MADCUBA and allow users to enhance results through the interaction with the pleiad of VO tools and available data sets. In this e-poster we present the scope of the project, changes already implemented and future work. In detail, we show the data model which will be implemented and the options that the user will have to export their work adhering to the VO standards.
Zermelo Navigation in the Quantum Brachistochrone
Creators: name: Russell, Benjamin
name: Stepney, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the optimal times for implementing unitary quantum gates in a constrained finite dimensional controlled quantum system. The family of constraints studied is that the permitted set of (time dependent) Hamiltonians is the unit ball of a norm induced by an inner product on su(n). We also consider a generalisation of this to arbitrary norms. We construct a Randers metric, by applying a theorem of Shen on Zermelo navigation, the geodesics of which are the time optimal trajectories compatible with the prescribed constraint. We determine all geodesics and the corresponding time optimal Hamiltonian for a specific constraint on the control i.e. k (Tr(Hc(t)^2) = 1 for any given value of k > 0. Some of the results of Carlini et. al. are re-derived using alternative methods. A first order system of differential equations for the optimal Hamiltonian is obtained and shown to be of the form of the Euler Poincare equations. We illustrate that this method can form a methodology for determining which physical substrates are effective at supporting the implementation of fast quantum computation.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures, final published version in Journal of Physics A, March 2015
Tensor gluons and proton structure
Creators: name: Savvidy, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent article we were considering a possibility that inside a proton and, more generally, inside hadrons there could be additional partons - tensor-gluons, which carry a part of the proton momentum. Tensor-gluons have zero electric charge, like gluons, but have a larger spin. Therefore we call them tensor-gluons. The nonzero density of tensor-gluons can be generated by the emission of tensor-gluons by gluons. Tensor-gluons can further split into the pairs of tensor-gluons through a different channels. To describe all these processes one should know the general splitting probabilities for tensor-gluons. These probabilities should fulfill very general symmetry relations, which we were able to resolve by introducing a splitting index. This approach allows to find out the general form of the splitting functions, to derive corresponding DGLAP evolution equations and to calculate the one-loop Callan-Simanzik beta function for tensor-gluons of a given spin. Our results provide a nontrivial consistency check of the theory and of the Callan-Simanzik beta function calculations, because the theory has a unique coupling constant and its high energy behavior should be universal for all particles of the spectrum. We argue that the contribution of all spins into the beta function vanishes leading to a conformal invariant theory at very high energies.
description: LaTex file, 18 pages, 2 figures, note added. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1310.0856
VIOMASS: Virtual Observatory Integration Of Madcuba And SLIM Spectra
Creators: name: Rizzo, J. R.
name: Blanco, C.
name: Martin-Pintado, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Virtual Observatory
Data science and archives
Radio astronomy

description: MADCUBA (MAdrid Data CUBe Analysis) is an astronomical package primarily aimed to reduce and analyze data from many radio astronomical facilities. MADCUBA is not only able to process individual spectra, but also data cubes. In addition, it is able to identify thousands of molecular rotational transitions and radio recombination lines by consulting the most important molecular databases. One of its tasks -SLIM- simulates Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium (LTE) conditions and makes a semi-automatic fitting of many lines simultaneously. Under a collaborative effort of Virtual Observatory (VO) and MADCUBA groups, we are implementing new functionalities in MADCUBA to make it VO-compliant. The final objective is to profit the robustness of MADCUBA and the versatility of VO in order to increase visibility of MADCUBA and allow users to enhance results through the interaction with the pleiad of VO tools and available data sets. In this e-poster we present the scope of the project, changes already implemented and future work. In detail, we show the data model which will be implemented and the options that the user will have to export their work adhering to the VO standards.
Natural extensions of electroweak geometry and Higgs interactions
Creators: name: Canarutto, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R25, 81R40, 81V15

description: We explore the possibility that the Higgs boson of the standard model be actually a member of a larger family, by showing that a more elaborate internal structure naturally arises from geometrical arguments, in the context of a partly original handling of gauge fields which was put forward in previous papers. A possible mechanism yielding the usual Higgs potential is proposed. New types of point interactions, arising in particular from two-spinor index contractions, are shown to be allowed.
description: Corrected typos and added journal info, Annales Henri Poincar\'e (2014). Springer link: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00023-014-0383-8
Semiclassical States on Lie Algebras
Creators: name: Tsobanjan, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective technique for analyzing representation-independent features of quantum systems based on the semiclassical approximation (developed elsewhere), has been successfully used in the context of the canonical (Weyl) algebra of the basic quantum observables. Here we perform the important step of extending this effective technique to the quantization of a more general class of finite-dimensional Lie algebras. The case of a Lie algebra with a single central element (the Casimir element) is treated in detail by considering semiclassical states on the corresponding universal enveloping algebra. Restriction to an irreducible representation is performed by "effectively" fixing the Casimir condition, following the methods previously used for constrained quantum systems. We explicitly determine the conditions under which this restriction can be consistently performed alongside the semiclassical truncation.
description: 30 pages, no figures. Added a conclusion section, added some comments, corrected typos to bring the manuscript in line with the published version
Combining Particle MCMC with Rao-Blackwellized Monte Carlo Data Association for Parameter Estimation in Multiple Target Tracking
Creators: name: Kokkala, Juho
name: Särkkä, Simo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider state and parameter estimation in multiple target tracking problems with data association uncertainties and unknown number of targets. We show how the problem can be recast into a conditionally linear Gaussian state-space model with unknown parameters and present an algorithm for computationally efficient inference on the resulting model. The proposed algorithm is based on combining the Rao-Blackwellized Monte Carlo data association algorithm with particle Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms to jointly estimate both parameters and data associations. Both particle marginal Metropolis-Hastings and particle Gibbs variants of particle MCMC are considered. We demonstrate the performance of the method both using simulated data and in a real-data case study of using multiple target tracking to estimate the brown bear population in Finland.
description: Revised version. 43 pages, 4 figures
Weak chimeras in minimal networks of coupled phase oscillators
Creators: name: Ashwin, Peter
name: Burylko, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We suggest a definition for a type of chimera state that appears in networks of indistinguishable phase oscillators. Defining a "weak chimera" as a type of invariant set showing partial frequency synchronization, we show that this means they cannot appear in phase oscillator networks that are either globally coupled or too small. We exhibit various networks of four, six and ten indistinguishable oscillators where weak chimeras exist with various dynamics and stabilities. We examine the role of Kuramoto-Sakaguchi coupling in giving degenerate (neutrally stable) families of weak chimera states in these example networks.
description: 9 figures
Modelling The Redshift-Space Three-Point Correlation Function in SDSS-III
Creators: name: Guo, Hong
name: Zheng, Zheng
name: Jing, Y. P.
name: Zehavi, Idit
name: Li, Cheng
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Skibba, Ramin A.
name: Nichol, Robert C.
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Sabiu, Cristiano G.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: McBride, Cameron K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the measurements of the redshift-space three-point correlation function (3PCF) for z~0.5 luminous red galaxies of the CMASS sample in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Data Release 11. The 3PCF measurements are interpreted within the halo occupation distribution framework using high-resolution N-body simulations, and the model successfully reproduces the 3PCF on scales larger than 1Mpc/h. As with the case for the redshift-space two-point correlation functions, we find that the redshift-space 3PCF measurements also favour the inclusion of galaxy velocity bias in the model. In particular, the central galaxy in a halo is on average in motion with respect to the core of the halo. We discuss the potential of the small-scale 3PCF to tighten the constraints on the relation between galaxies and dark matter haloes and on the phase-space distribution of galaxies.
description: MNRAS Letter accepted
Interventions to promote adherence to antiretroviral therapy in Africa: a network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Liu, Albert
name: Remien, Robert H
name: Mbuagbaw, Lawrence
name: Amico, K Rivet
name: Mills, Edward J
name: Yaya, Sanni
name: Thabane, Lehana
name: Pearson, Cynthia
name: Nachega, Jean B
name: Thorlund, Kristian
name: Linnemayr, Sebastian
name: Lorenzi, Maria
name: Ford, Nathan
name: Simoni, Jane
name: Calderon, Yvette
name: Muldoon, Katherine
name: Bärnighausen, Till
name: Gross, Robert
name: Bangsberg, David
name: Wilson, Ira B
name: Chung, Michael H
name: Lester, Richard
name: Uthman, Olalekan A
name: Thirumurthy, Harsha
name: Kanters, Steve
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a necessary condition to the improvement of HIV patient health and public health through ART. This study sought to determine the comparative effectiveness of different interventions for improving ART adherence among HIV-infected persons living in Africa.
Classical and quantum cosmology with York time
Creators: name: Roser, Philipp
name: Valentini, Antony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a solution to the problem of time in quantum gravity by deparameterisation of the ADM action in terms of York time, a parameter proportional to the extrinsic curvature of a spatial hypersurface. We study a minisuperspace model together with a homogeneous scalar field, for which we can solve the Hamiltonian constraint exactly and arrive at an explicit expression for the physical (non-vanishing) Hamiltonian. The scale factor and associated momentum cease to be dynamical variables, leaving the scalar field as the only physical degree of freedom. We investigate the resulting classical theory, showing how the dynamics of the scale factor can be recovered via an appropriate interpretation of the Hamiltonian as a volume. We then quantise the system in the Schrödinger picture. In the quantum theory we recover the dynamics of the scale factor by interpreting the spectrum and expectation value of the Hamiltonian as being associated with volume rather than energy. If trajectories in the sense of de~Broglie-Bohm are introduced in the quantum theory, these are found to match those of the classical theory. We suggest that these trajectories may provide the basis for a perturbation theory in which both background and perturbations are quantised.
description: 29 pages
Transferring Humanism: The edition of Vitruvius by Lucimborgo de Gabiano (Lyon, 1523)
Creators: name: Nuovo, Angela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Vitruvius
16th century edition
Gabiano, publishers
Lyon, publishing sector
book illustrations in 16th century
Books of Architecture

description: How the first edition of Vitruvius outside Italy was published and its relationships with previous editions.
Efficacy and safety of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine with or without a booster dose in infants and children in Africa: final results of a phase 3, individually randomised, controlled trial
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The efficacy and safety of the RTS,S/AS01 candidate malaria vaccine during 18 months of follow-up have been published previously. Herein, we report the final results from the same trial, including the efficacy of a booster dose.
How small can an over-spinning body be in general relativity?
Creators: name: Nakao, Ken-ichi
name: Kimura, Masashi
name: Harada, Tomohiro
name: Patil, Mandar
name: Joshi, Pankaj S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular momentum of the Kerr singularity should not be larger than a threshold value so that it is enclosed by an event horizon: The Kerr singularity with the angular momentum exceeding the threshold value is naked. This fact suggests that if the cosmic censorship exists in our Universe, an over-spinning body without releasing its angular momentum cannot collapse to spacetime singularities. A simple kinematical estimate of two particles approaching each other supports this expectation and suggests the existence of a minimum size of an over-spinning body. But this does not imply that the geometry near the naked singularity cannot appear. By analyzing initial data, i.e., a snapshot of a spinning body, we see that an over-spinning body may produce a geometry close to the Kerr naked singularity around itself at least as a transient configuration.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, the version published in PRD
Genus-2 Jacobians with torsion points of large order
Creators: name: Howe, Everett W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G05 (Primary) 11G30, 14H25, 14H45 (Secondary)

description: We produce new explicit examples of genus-2 curves over the rational numbers whose Jacobian varieties have rational torsion points of large order. In particular, we produce a family of genus-2 curves over Q whose Jacobians have a rational point of order 48, parametrized by a rank-2 elliptic curve over Q, and we exhibit a single genus-2 curve over Q whose Jacobian has a rational point of order 70, the largest order known. We also give new examples of genus-2 Jacobians with rational points of order 27, 28, and 39. Most of our examples are produced by `gluing' two elliptic curves together along their n-torsion subgroups, where n is either 2 or 3. The 2-gluing examples arise from techniques developed by the author in joint work with Leprévost and Poonen 15 years ago. The 3-gluing examples are made possible by an algorithm for explicit 3-gluing over non-algebraically closed fields recently developed by the author in joint work with Bröker, Lauter, and Stevenhagen.
description: Updated references to include a paper of Platonov, Zhgun, and Petrunin that gives two curves we had thought had not been found before
Global, regional, and national age–sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Up-to-date evidence on levels and trends for age-sex-specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality is essential for the formation of global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) we estimated yearly deaths for 188 countries between 1990, and 2013. We used the results to assess whether there is epidemiological convergence across countries.
title: "Erlebnis Oper"
Creators: name: Graf, Veronika
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit ist eine empirisch-qualitative Studie, die die Erforschung des Rezeptionserlebnisses einer Oper auf dem Stehplatz der Wiener Staatsoper aus Sicht der Rezipient*innen zum Thema hat. Für dieses Vorhaben wurden 17 Stehplatzbesucher*innen in halboffenen Leitfadeninterviews über ihr Erleben einer Aufführung der Oper "Der Rosenkavalier" befragt. Das Interviewmaterial wurde nach der Methode der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Philipp Mayring ausgewertet. Zu Beginn der Arbeit wird die Forschungsfrage durch autoethnographisch entstandene Reflexionen erörtert. Anschließend wird das Forschungsdesign, welches sich am Modell von Mayring orientiert, vorgestellt. Im Hauptteil der Arbeit wird die Auswertung der Interviews mithilfe des erstellten Kodierleitfadens vorgenommen und dokumentiert, um im Anschluss die Ergebnisse der Analyse zu präsentieren. Aus diesen geht hervor, dass sich das „Erlebnis Oper“, von welchem in der Forschungsfrage ausgegangen wurde, als individualisiertes rituelles Erlebnis darstellt, welches für die Interviewpersonen jeweils unterschiedliche Funktionen beinhaltet. In methodischer Hinsicht war es Ziel der Arbeit, einen Beitrag zur Rezeptionsforschung zu leisten und dabei den Fokus auf den*die Rezipient*in zu lenken. Da die Veröffentlichungen auf diesem Gebiet nicht sehr zahlreich sind, versteht sich die Arbeit als Teil der Grundlagenforschung.
description: The present thesis is an empirical qualitative study of the reception of an opera from the Viennese standing room attendee’s point of view. 17 recipients were interviewed in semi-open guided interviews about their experience listening to and watching the opera "Der Rosenkavalier" by Richard Strauss. The interview material was analysed according to the qualitative content analysis of Philipp Mayring. Initially, the research question was conceived through autoethnographic reflections. In consequence, the research design which is directed at Mayring’s model is presented. In the main section of the study, the examination of the interviews is carried out and documented applying the established coding guideline. Ultimately, the results of the analysis are determined. The final deductions show that the “experience of opera”, as it was described in the research questions, presents itself as an individualised and ritualised process carrying various functions for the recipients. As for the methodical approach, the goal of the study is to contribute to the discipline of reception research by directing the focus of attention on the recipient. Since academic literature is rather scarce in this field, the thesis can be seen as part of foundational research.
Connectivity is a Poor Indicator of Fast Quantum Search
Creators: name: Meyer, David A.
name: Wong, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A randomly walking quantum particle evolving by Schrödinger's equation searches on $d$-dimensional cubic lattices in $O(\sqrt{N})$ time when $d \ge 5$, and with progressively slower runtime as $d$ decreases. This suggests that graph connectivity (including vertex, edge, algebraic, and normalized algebraic connectivities) is an indicator of fast quantum search, a belief supported by fast quantum search on complete graphs, strongly regular graphs, and hypercubes, all of which are highly connected. In this paper, we show this intuition to be false by giving two examples of graphs for which the opposite holds true: one with low connectivity but fast search, and one with high connectivity but slow search. The second example is a novel two-stage quantum walk algorithm in which the walking rate must be adjusted to yield high search probability.
description: 5 pages, 9 figures; additional 10 pages of supplemental material
Gravitational infall in the hard wall model
Creators: name: Craps, B.
name: Lindgren, E. J.
name: Taliotis, A.
name: Vanhoof, J.
name: Zhang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An infalling shell in the hard wall model provides a simple holographic model for energy injection in a confining gauge theory. Depending on its parameters, a scalar shell either collapses into a large black brane, or scatters between the hard wall and the anti-de Sitter boundary. In the scattering regime, we find numerical solutions that keep oscillating for as long as we have followed their evolution, and we provide an analytic argument that shows that a black brane can never be formed. This provides examples of states in infinite-volume field theory that never thermalize. We find that the field theory expectation value of a scalar operator keeps oscillating, with an amplitude that undergoes modulation.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Quantum propagator and characteristic equation in the presence of a chain of $δ$-potentials
Creators: name: Refaei, A.
name: Kheirandish, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum propagator and characteristic equation in the presence of a chain of $δ$-potentials are obtained in the rectangular, cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems. The simplicity and efficiency of the method is illustrated via examples. As an application, the characteristic equation of a quantum harmonic oscillator confined to an infinite box is obtained. The roots of the characteristic equation, determining the energy eigenvalues of the restricted oscillator, are calculated approximately and compared with the existing numerical data.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Explaining the Lepton Non-universality at the LHCb and CMS from a Unified Framework
Creators: name: Biswas, Sanjoy
name: Chowdhury, Debtosh
name: Han, Sangeun
name: Lee, Seung J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent results from the LHCb in the context of $(B^+ \rightarrow K^+ l l)$ decay and the CMS analysis in the context of right handed $W$-boson ($W_R$) search show a $2.6σ$ and a $2.8σ$ deviations from the Standard Model expectations respectively. In this work, we address these two seemingly uncorrelated results in the context of \R-parity violating supersymmetry. We found that a particular combination of $LQD^c$-type operators which successfully explain the LHCb result, can also accommodate the CMS excess in the $eejj$ channel of the $W_R$ search.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, comments and references added, version to appear in JHEP
Can we explain non-typical solar flares?
Creators: name: Dalmasse, K.
name: Chandra, R.
name: Schmieder, B.
name: Aulanier, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used multi-wavelength high-resolution data from ARIES, THEMIS, and SDO instruments, to analyze a non-standard, C3.3 class flare produced within the active region NOAA 11589 on 2012 October 16. Magnetic flux emergence and cancellation were continuously detected within the active region, the latter leading to the formation of two filaments. Our aim is to identify the origins of the flare taking into account the complex dynamics of its close surroundings. We analyzed the magnetic topology of the active region using a linear force-free field extrapolation to derive its 3D magnetic configuration and the location of quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs) which are preferential sites for flaring activity. Because the active region's magnetic field was nonlinear force-free, we completed a parametric study using different linear force-free field extrapolations to demonstrate the robustness of the derived QSLs. The topological analysis shows that the active region presented a complex magnetic configuration comprising several QSLs. The considered data set suggests that an emerging flux episode played a key role for triggering the flare. The emerging flux likely activated the complex system of QSLs leading to multiple coronal magnetic reconnections within the QSLs. This scenario accounts for the observed signatures: the two extended flare-ribbons developed at locations matched by the photospheric footprints of the QSLs, and were accompanied with flare loops that formed above the two filaments which played no important role in the flare dynamics. This is a typical example of a complex flare that can a-priori show standard flare signatures that are nevertheless impossible to interpret with any standard model of eruptive or confined flare. We find that a topological analysis however permitted to unveil the development of such complex sets of flare signatures.
description: 13 pages, Accepted in A&A
Association between maternal age at childbirth and child and adult outcomes in the offspring: a prospective study in five low-income and middle-income countries (COHORTS collaboration)
Creators: name: Stein, Aryeh D
name: Tandon, Nikhil
name: Adair, Linda
name: Restrepo-Mendez, Maria Clara
name: Norris, Shane
name: Sachdev, Harshpal Singh
name: Fall, Caroline H D
name: Richter, Linda M
name: Victora, Cesar
name: Martorell, Reynaldo
name: Sinha, Shikha
name: Osmond, Clive
name: Bas, Isabelita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Both young and advanced maternal age is associated with adverse birth and child outcomes. Few studies have examined these associations in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) and none have studied adult outcomes in the offspring. We aimed to examine both child and adult outcomes in five LMICs.
Unusual electronic properties of clean and disordered zigzag graphene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Luck, J. M.
name: Avishai, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the problem of electron transport in clean and disordered zigzag graphene nanoribbons, and expose numerous hitherto unknown peculiar properties of these systems at zero energy, where both sublattices decouple because of chiral symmetry. For clean ribbons, we give a quantitative description of the unusual power-law dispersion of the central energy bands and of its main consequences, including the strong divergence of the density of states near zero energy, and the vanishing of the transverse localization length of the corresponding edge states. In the presence of off-diagonal disorder, which respects the lattice chiral symmetry, all zero-energy localization properties are found to be anomalous. Recasting the problem in terms of coupled Brownian motions enables us to derive numerous asymptotic results by analytical means. In particular the typical conductance $g_N$ of a disordered sample of width $N$ and length $L$ is shown to decay as $\exp(-C_Nw\sqrt{L})$, for arbitrary values of the disorder strength $w$, while the relative variance of $\ln g_N$ approaches a non-trivial constant $K_N$. The dependence of the constants $C_N$ and $K_N$ on the ribbon width $N$ is predicted. From the mere viewpoint of the transfer-matrix formalism, zigzag ribbons provide a case study with many unusual features. The transfer matrix describing propagation through one unit cell of a clean ribbon is not diagonalizable at zero energy. In the disordered case, we encounter non-trivial random matrix products such that all Lyapunov exponents vanish identically.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures. More details in some derivations. A few other updates
title: Sprachpolitische Betrachtung von Vielvölkerstaaten
Creators: name: Vidackovic, Milana
Year: 2022

description: Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit den Sprachenpolitiken der ehemaligen Vielvölkerstaaten Union der Sozialistischen Sowjetrepubliken (UdSSR) und der Sozialistischen Föderativen Republik Jugoslawien (SFRJ). Ziel ist es zu untersuchen inwieweit sich die sprachpolitischen Maßnahmen dieser beiden sozialistischen Staaten voneinander unterschieden haben. Außerdem wird analysiert, welche Rolle Sprache bei der Nationsbildung spielt und welchen Einfluss die zwei dominanten Sprachen dieser Staaten, Russisch und Serbokroatisch, auf die nationalen Identitäten hatte. Der Fokus liegt auf den slawischen Sprachen und ihrem Verhältnis zueinander. Diese Fragestellungen werden anhand von Dokumenten- und Literaturanalyse beantwortet. Nachdem die Sprache als nationales Symbol und politisches Instrument untersucht wurde, werden die Vielvölkerstaaten und ihre Sprachenpolitiken getrennt voneinander analysiert und abschließend verglichen.
description: This paper deals with the language policies of the former multi-ethnic states Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFRY). The aim is to examine the extent to which the language policies of these two socialist states differed from each other. It also analyses the role of language in nation-building and the influence that the two dominant languages of these states, Russian and Serbo-Croatian, had on national identities. The focus is on the Slavic languages and their relationship to each other. These research questions are answered by means of document and literature analysis. After examining language as a national symbol and political instrument, the multi-ethnic states and their language policies are analysed separately and finally compared.
Effect of red blood cell variants on childhood malaria in Mali: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Tullo, Gregory S
name: Diakité, Mahamadou
name: Diakité, Seidina A S
name: Traoré, Karim
name: Fay, Michael P
name: Fairhurst, Rick M
name: Doumbouya, Mory
name: Taylor, Steve M
name: Keita, Abdoul S
name: Miura, Kazutoyo
name: Krause, Michael A
name: Moretz, Samuel E
name: Lopera-Mesa, Tatiana M
name: Doumbia, Saibou
name: Gu, Wenjuan
name: Konaté, Drissa
name: Diouf, Ababacar
name: Long, Carole A
name: Anderson, Jennifer M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Red blood cell (RBC) variants protect African children from severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Their individual and interactive impacts on mild disease and parasite density, and their modification by age-dependent immunity, are poorly understood.
Boundary values of holomorphic functions and heat kernel method in translation-invariant distribution spaces
Creators: name: Dimovski, Pavel
name: Pilipovic, Stevan
name: Vindas, Jasson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46F20, 46F15, 32A40

description: We study boundary values of holomorphic functions in translation-invariant distribution spaces of type $\mathcal{D}'_{E'_{\ast}}$. New edge of the wedge theorems are obtained. The results are then applied to represent $\mathcal{D}'_{E'_{\ast}}$ as a quotient space of holomorphic functions. We also give representations of elements of $\mathcal{D}'_{E'_{\ast}}$ via the heat kernel method. Our results cover as particular instances the cases of boundary values, analytic representations, and heat kernel representations in the context of the Schwartz spaces $\mathcal{D}'_{L^{p}}$, $\mathcal{B}'$, and their weighted versions.
description: 21 pages; with minor corrections
Rethinking the heterosexual infectivity of HIV-1: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Poole, Charles
name: Cohen, Myron S
name: Pettifor, Audrey E
name: Powers, Kimberly A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Studies of cumulative HIV incidence suggest that co-factors such as genital ulcer disease (GUD), HIV disease stage, and circumcision influence HIV transmission; however, the heterosexual infectivity of HIV-1 is commonly cited as a fixed value (∼0·001, or 1 transmission per thousand contacts). We sought to estimate transmission co-factor effects on the heterosexual infectivity of HIV-1 and to quantify the extent to which study methods have affected infectivity estimates.
Vanishing of Massey products and Brauer groups
Creators: name: Efrat, Ido
name: Matzri, Eliyahu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16K50, 11R34, 12G05, 12E30

description: Let p be a prime number and F a field containing a root of unity of order p. We relate recent results on vanishing of triple Massey products in the mod-p Galois cohomology of F, due to Hopkins, Wickelgren, Minac, and Tan, to classical results in the theory of central simple algebras. For global fields, we prove a stronger form of the vanishing property.
description: Added more references. Section 5 revised. To appear in the Canadian Mathematical Bulletin
Tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: case definitions for use in resource-limited settings
Creators: name: Lawn, Stephen D
name: Seyler, Catherine
name: Scano, Fabio
name: Elliott, Julian H
name: Colebunders, Robert
name: Murdoch, David
name: Maartens, Gary
name: Wilkinson, Robert J
name: John, Laurence
name: Worodria, William
name: Reiss, Peter
name: Meintjes, Graeme
name: Janoff, Edward N
name: Gilks, Charles
name: French, Martyn A
name: van der Loeff, Maarten Schim
name: Lynen, Lut
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) has emerged as an important early complication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings, especially in patients with tuberculosis. However, there are no consensus case definitions for IRIS or tuberculosis-associated IRIS. Moreover, previously proposed case definitions are not readily applicable in settings where laboratory resources are limited. As a result, existing studies on tuberculosis-associated IRIS have used a variety of non-standardised general case definitions. To rectify this problem, around 100 researchers, including microbiologists, immunologists, clinicians, epidemiologists, clinical trialists, and public-health specialists from 16 countries met in Kampala, Uganda, in November, 2006. At this meeting, consensus case definitions for paradoxical tuberculosis-associated IRIS, ART-associated tuberculosis, and unmasking tuberculosis-associated IRIS were derived, which can be used in high-income and resource-limited settings. It is envisaged that these definitions could be used by clinicians and researchers in a variety of settings to promote standardisation and comparability of data.
Adsorption and desorption in confined geometries: a discrete hopping model
Creators: name: Becker, T.
name: Nelissen, K.
name: Cleuren, B.
name: Partoens, B.
name: Broeck, C. Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the adsorption and desorption kinetics of interacting particles moving on a one-dimensional lattice. Confinement is introduced by limiting the number of particles on a lattice site. Adsorption and desorption are found to proceed at different rates, and are strongly influenced by the concentration-dependent transport diffusion. Analytical solutions for the transport and self-diffusion are given for systems of length 1 and 2 and for a zero-range process. In the last situation the self- and transport diffusion can be calculated analytically for any length.
description: Published in EPJ ST volume "Brownian Motion in Confined Geometries"
An ecosystemic framework for analysing evidence-informed policy systems for agricultural transformation – Case study of Benin
Creators: name: Thoto, Frejus
name: Mas Aparisi, Alban
name: Derlagen, Christian
name: Thoto, Frejus
name: Mas Aparisi, Alban
name: Derlagen, Christian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: agricultural sector
subject: ecosystem approaches
subject: agricultural policies
subject: agricultural transformation
subject: sustainability
subject: social networks
subject: case studies
subject: Benin

description: The production and use of evidence for agricultural policy is critical to prioritizing and targeting effective agricultural transformation reforms in African countries. International development organizations have supported programmes that promote evidence-informed policies, however, this support has often been focused on short-term and externally driven solutions, with limited impact in the long run. Faced with this scenario, there is now a growing interest in the role of resilient and sustainable national systems that can generate organic evidence-informed agricultural policy. Yet, there is limited knowledge on how to map out and analyse such systems, which is critical to fostering their emergence and the later uptake of evidence in policymaking. This study draws on ecological science and social network analysis to develop and test a framework that can help understand evidence-policy systems and their potential to sustainably promote evidence-informed policymaking in the agricultural sector. Applying this framework in Benin, the study found that beyond the Ministry of Agriculture, other organizations produce, broker or use evidence such as data, research, evaluation and expert knowledge in a context that is influenced by the institutional rules and setup, the incentives in place and the funding landscape. Furthermore, the paper analyses the sustainability of the evidence-policy system in Benin through its power, resilience and capability. Finally, it provides policy recommendations with the key entry points to improve on and how a system like this can be used to improve agricultural policymaking.
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc4288en
Antimalarial drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in India: changes over time and space
Creators: name: Dhillon, Gajender PS
name: Valecha, Neena
name: Shah, Naman K
name: Meshnick, Steven R
name: Dash, Adtiya P
name: Arora, Usha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: After the launch of the National Malaria Control Programme in 1953, the number of malaria cases reported in India fell to an all-time low of 0·1 million in 1965. However, the initial success could not be maintained and a resurgence of malaria began in the late 1960s. Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine was first reported in 1973 and increases in antimalarial resistance, along with rapid urbanisation and labour migration, complicated the challenge that India’s large geographical area and population size already pose for malaria control. Although several institutions have done drug-resistance monitoring in India, a complete analysis of countrywide data across institutions does not exist. We did a systematic review of P falciparum malaria drug-efficacy studies in India to summarise drug-resistance data and describe changes over the past 30 years to inform future policy. Continued use of chloroquine for treatment of P falciparum malaria in India will likely be ineffective. Resistance to sulfa–pyrimethamine should be closely monitored to protect the effectiveness of treatment with artesunate plus sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine, which is the new first-line treatment for P falciparum malaria. Strategies to reduce the emergence and spread of future drug resistance need to be proactive and supported by intensive monitoring.
Contact Symmetries and Hamiltonian Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Bravetti, A.
name: Lopez-Monsalvo, C. S.
name: Nettel, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It has been shown that contact geometry is the proper framework underlying classical thermodynamics and that thermodynamic fluctuations are captured by an additional metric structure related to Fisher's Information Matrix. In this work we analyze several unaddressed aspects about the application of contact and metric geometry to thermodynamics. We consider here the Thermodynamic Phase Space and start by investigating the role of gauge transformations and Legendre symmetries for metric contact manifolds and their significance in thermodynamics. Then we present a novel mathematical characterization of first order phase transitions as equilibrium processes on the Thermodynamic Phase Space for which the Legendre symmetry is broken. Moreover, we use contact Hamiltonian dynamics to represent thermodynamic processes in a way that resembles the classical Hamiltonian formulation of conservative mechanics and we show that the relevant Hamiltonian coincides with the irreversible entropy production along thermodynamic processes. Therefore, we use such property to give a geometric definition of thermodynamically admissible fluctuations according to the Second Law of thermodynamics. Finally, we show that the length of a curve describing a thermodynamic process measures its entropy production.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures, substantial improvement of http://arxiv.org/abs/1308.6740
Electromagnetism as an emergent phenomenon: a step-by-step guide
Creators: name: Barceló, Carlos
name: Carballo-Rubio, Raúl
name: Garay, Luis J.
name: Jannes, Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a detailed description of electrodynamics as an emergent theory from condensed-matter-like structures, not only {\it per se} but also as a warm-up for the study of the much more complex case of gravity. We will concentrate on two scenarios that, although qualitatively different, share some important features, with the idea of extracting the basic generic ingredients that give rise to emergent electrodynamics and, more generally, to gauge theories. We start with Maxwell's mechanical model for electrodynamics, where Maxwell's equations appear as dynamical consistency conditions. We next take a superfluid $^3$He-like system as representative of a broad class of fermionic quantum systems whose low-energy physics reproduces classical electrodynamics (Dirac and Maxwell equations as dynamical low-energy laws). An important lesson that can be derived from both analyses is that the vector potential has a microscopic physical reality and that it is only in the low-energy regime that this physical reality is blurred in favour of gauge invariance, which in addition turns out to be secondary to effective Lorentz invariance.
description: 41 pages, 4 figures; v2: references added, version accepted for publication