cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Coronavirus Pandemic in Nursing Homes – the Experience of Care Workers in Poland
Creators: name: Necel, Ryszard
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The main objective of this reaserch is to analyze the attitudes of care workers in nursing homes toward the reality of the pandemic in Poland, in four basic contexts: assessment of the degree of social care in the pandemic era;assessment of the most stressful factors since the outbreak of the pandemic; assessment of the mental wellbeing of care workers; and evaluation of institutional measures taken to improve mental health.
Synthesis, characterization, and quantum chemical study of cobalt(II) chelates with N-phenethyl-iminodiacetate(2-)-like ligands. Influence of p-(R)-phenethyl group on crystal pattern
Creators: name: Patel, Dheerendra Kumar
name: Domínguez-Martín, Alicia
name: Choquesillo-Lazarte, Duane
name: González-Pérez, Josefa María
name: Niclós-Gutiérrez, Juan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: From the reaction of Co(II) hydroxy-carbonates and N-p-(R)-phenethyliminodiacetic acids (H2pheida, R = H and H2MOpheida, R = CH3O) two binary complexes have been obtained in aqueous media. The crystal pattern of [Co(pheida)(H2O)3]·1.5H2O (1) (monoclinic, space group C2/c) differs from the related non-hydrated crystal of [Co(MOpheida)(H2O)3] (2) (monoclinic, space group P21/c). Both Co(II) complexes display distorted octahedral geometry imposed by 3d7 electronic configuration. Our crystallographic results reveal that the metal chelates have a molecular structure and the used methoxy-substituent on the pheida skeleton yield different structural features. The iminodiacetic acid-arms [IDA] of pheida-like ligands adopt fac-NO2 conformation. For both chelators 1 and 2, single-point energy was calculated using restricted and/or unrestricted Hartree–Fock/BP/B3LYP functional. The analytical frequency, electronic absorption, and HOMO–LUMO energy gap were calculated using B3LYP functional with orbital basis set def2-SVP or def2-TZVP (for 2) along with the auxiliary basis set def2/J. The quantum chemical calculated geometry parameters are compared with their corresponding X-ray crystallographic data. The optical band gap (Eg) arises due to the electronic transitions. The direct and indirect band gap energy measured 3.26, 3.19 eV for 1 and 3.39, 3.35 eV for 2, respectively, reflecting their semi-conducting nature. Crystal structure for H2MOpheida acid also reported herein.
Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D2/D3 using a turbulent flow online extraction technology
Creators: name: Bunch, Dustin R.
name: Miller, Abby Y.
name: Wang, Sihe
Publisher: name: Kooperation de Gruyter
Year: 2009

description: Background: Vitamin D is important to health and disease. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS) is considered the most accurate technology for quantification of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) which is the best biomarker for estimating vitamin D nutritional status. Methods: Serum was mixed with acetonitrile containing hexadeuterated 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (d6-25OHD3) and centrifuged 10 min at 15,634×g. The supernatant was injected onto a turbulent flow preparatory column then transferred to a polar endcapped C18 analytical column. The mass spectrometer was set for positive atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. Results: The analytical cycle time was 5.5 min. Inter- and intra-assay CV for both analytes across three concentrations ranged from 3.8% to 14.2%. The method was linear from 3.0 to 283.6 nmol/L for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) and 4.6 to 277.9 nmol/L for 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25OHD2), with an accuracy of 88.7%–118.7% and 90.7%–100.3%, respectively. No carryover or ion suppression was observed. Comparison with a radioimmunoassay using patient specimens (n=527) showed a mean difference of 5.2%, and diagnostic agreement of 80.9% with Deming regression of slope 0.867, intercept 12.8, standard error of estimate (SEE) 17.4, and r=0.8425. Conclusions: The LC-MSMS method coupled with turbulent flow technology for serum 25OHD quantitation is rapid, efficient, and suitable for clinical testing. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:1565–72.
Characterization of Photovoltaic Modules After 20 Years of Tropical Weather Outdoor Exposure
Creators: name: Bione M. F., J.
name: Alonso-García, M.C.
name: Asenjo Zamorano, M.B.
name: Bezerra C., P.
name: Chenlo, F.
name: Martín Chivelet, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3509-3512
description: This paper presents the results of the characterization of photovoltaic modules after 20 years of outdoor
exposure, and 10 years of operation in Brazil. Several samples of the installed modules were sent to CIEMAT
laboratories in Madrid (Spain), where visual inspection, IR characterization, analysis of the chemical composition of
the modules, and electrical characterization was performed. I-V curves were measured indoors with solar simulator,
and main curve parameters were compared to those obtained from an equivalent module without external exposure.
The effect of dust and dirt was evaluated. Series and shunt resistance were calculated, relating these values with the
power losses and the visual defects found.
Shunt Isolation in Silicon Solar Cells by Chemical Etching
Creators: name: Petersson, A.M.
name: Chithambaranadhan, D.
name: Nguyen, Q.
name: Goldberg, R.
name: Lommasson, T.C.
name: Boström, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2130-2133
description: A significant percentage of crystalline silicon solar cells produced by the industry are classified as offspec
or non-prime cells as a result of electrical shunts and are rejected during post-manufacturing quality checks.
Repairing these non-prime cells, so they can be used for electrical generation, can help improve the overall yield of
the solar cell industry. The shunted regions of a non-prime cell can be electrically isolated by removing the
conductive paths connecting it to the rest of the cell. Multicrystalline cells with two different types of shunts,
localized to a small area of the cell, were used in the study. An etching paste based on potassium hydroxide was
applied to the shunted regions of the cells and left to etch on a hot plate at about 150°C for 2 x 5 minutes to remove
the gridlines and part of the emitter in the selected area. The cells were characterized by electroluminescence-,
infrared-, current-voltage- and reverse current measurements. It was found that localized shunts can be successfully
isolated by chemical etching to yield functional solar cells in terms of thermal- and electrical properties.
Metamaterial control of stimulated Brillouin scattering
Creators: name: Smith, M. J. A.
name: Kuhlmey, B. T.
name: de Sterke, C. Martijn
name: Wolff, C.
name: Lapine, M.
name: Poulton, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using full opto-acoustic numerical simulations, we demonstrate enhancement and suppression of the SBS gain in a metamaterial comprising a subwavelength cubic array of dielectric spheres suspended in a dielectric background material. We develop a general theoretical framework and present several numerical examples using technologically important materials. For As$_2$S$_3$ spheres in silicon, we achieve a gain enhancement of more than an order of magnitude compared to pure silicon, and for GaAs spheres in silicon, full suppression is obtained. The gain for As$_2$S$_3$ glass can also be strongly suppressed by embedding silica spheres. The constituent terms of the gain coefficient are shown to depend in a complex way on the filling fraction. We find that electrostriction is the dominant effect behind the control of SBS in bulk media.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
3D Thermal Modeling for a Photovoltaic Module
Creators: name: Chatterjee, U.
name: Catthoor, F.
name: Oprins, H.
name: VanWichelen, K.
name: Vandevelde, B.
name: Driesen, J.
name: Baert, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3310-3313
description: This paper focuses on the development of a realistic thermal model of a solar cell and a solar module
consisting of N*M cells and their metal interconnection, using the MARC 3D finite element modeling framework.
The main aim is to verify the steady-state and transient thermal behavior in different operating conditions. The
overall efficiency of a solar system highly depends on the temperature of the solar cell [4]. In non-ideal site locations,
the efficiency may be further reduced by partial shading [8] and dynamic conditions by time-dependent effects could
have an impact. With this model, the impact of varying wind speed conditions and shading conditions is shown on the module level.
title: Journal of Nonprofit Management
Creators: name: Loer, Kathrin
name: Vindas Rojas, Kimberly
name: Nunes, Fernanda Costa M.
name: Espinosa, Mayra Alejandra Martin
name: Garten, Ralf
name: Walk, Marlene
name: Scheler, Ronja
name: Birnkraut, Gesa
name: Dieper, Susanne
Publisher: name: Hochschule Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Eine lebendige Diskussion können die Leser*innen des JNMP in dieser ersten Ausgabe verfolgen: Das Editorial Board stellt sich persönlich vor, diskutiert aktuelle Phänomene aus der Welt von Nonprofit- Organisationen und richtet den Blick auf Zukunftsfragen und Herausforderungen, denen sich der Sektor stellt – und die schließlich auch Gegenstand künftiger Ausgaben sein werden. Daneben präsentiert der Beitrag von Kimberly Vindas und Fernanda Costa Meneses Nunes aktuelle Ergebnisse aus einer Studie zur Gründung von Selbsthilfenetzwerken unter Migrant*innen in Deutschland. Die Autorinnen widmen sich der Frage, welche Motive, Ziele, Herausforderungen und Chancen damit verbunden sind, dass Migrant*innen eigene Organisationen gründen und wie sie damit den Integrationsprozess unterstützen. Mayra Martin Espinosa gibt in ihrem Best-Practice-Artikel zu „Good leadership practices of NGOs managers throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia” einen Einblick in Führungspraktiken von NGOs in Kolumbien. Dabei kommt sie zu differenzierten Erkenntnissen, wie sich diese Praktiken in Krisenzeiten entwickeln und identifiziert insbesondere ein Führungsdilemma, für das sie verschiedene Lösungsoptionen skizziert. Mit diesen diversen Perspektiven auf das Nonprofit Management startet das JNMP und eröffnet die Debatte, die in den kommenden Ausgaben dann in unterschiedlichen Facetten aus den verschiedenen Disziplinen und Praxisfeldern weiter bereichert werden soll. Wir wünschen allen Leser*innen eine anregende Lektüre!
description: Journal of Nonprofit Management; 1
Synthesis, spectral characterization, protein binding and cytotoxic evaluation of new cobalt(II) and cobalt(III) complexes containing benzimidazolylterpyridine as ligand
Creators: name: Indumathy, Ramasamy
name: Senthilrajkapoor, Pathinathan
name: Kalaiarasi, Giriraj
name: Sathyaraj, Gopal
name: Uma, Varadarajan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Two new six-coordinate cobalt(II) [Co(bitpy)2]Cl2 (1) and cobalt(III) [Co(bitpy)2](ClO4)3 (2) complexes containing benzimidazolylterpyridine (bitpy) ligand have been synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The g‖ and g⊥ values in the EPR spectrum for 1 were 2.215 and 2.012, respectively, and clearly authenticated the formation of stable octahedral low spin Co(II) meridional isomer complex. Similarly, 1H NMR spectrum of 2 revealed low spin and its diamagnetic nature. The interaction of the complexes with bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been investigated and revealed that the cobalt complexes quenched the intrinsic fluorescence by following the static quenching mechanism. MTT assay was used to check the anticancer potential of 2 against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and human cervical cancer cells (HeLa). The IC50 values of 2 were lower than 7 µM in both the cancer cells and higher than 100 µM for non-cancerous cells (human embryonic kidney cells), indicating the specificity of the complex toward cancer cells. Furthermore, the morphological changes induced by 2 on the tested cell lines were monitored by AO-EB (acridine orange-ethidium bromide) and DAPI (4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining methods.
Schwinger pair creation in Dirac semimetals in the presence of external magnetic and electric fields
Creators: name: Abramchuk, R. A.
name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Schwinger pair creation process for the system of massless Dirac fermions in the presence of constant external magnetic and electric fields. The pair production rate remains finite unlike the vacuum decay rate. In the recently discovered Dirac semimetals, where the massless Dirac fermions emerge, this pair production may be observed experimentally through the transport properties. We estimate its contribution to the ordinary conductivity of the semimetals.
description: Latex, 8 pages
การเปรียบเทียบกลยุทธ์การลงทุน แบบถัวเฉลี่ยต้นทุน กับแบบถัวเฉลี่ยมูลค่าเป้าหมาย กับแบบเงินก้อน ในการลงทุนหลักทรัพย์ที่อยู่ใน SETHD
Creators: name: สุทธิภาสน์ พงศ์เจริญวานิช
Publisher: name: คณะนิเทศศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏรำไพพรรณี
Year: 2566
Subjects: กลยุทธ์การลงทุน
การลงทุนแบบถัวเฉลี่ยต้นทุน
การลงทุนแบบถัวเฉลี่ยมูลค่าเป้าหมาย
การลงทุนแบบเงินก้อน

description: วารสารนวัตกรรมสังคมและเทคโนโลยีสื่อสารมวลชน, 6, 2, 30-41
Regularity and rigidity theorems for a class of anisotropic nonlocal operators
Creators: name: Farina, Alberto
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider here operators which are sum of (possibly) fractional derivatives, with (possibly different) order. The main constructive assumption is that the operator is of order~$2$ in one variable. By constructing an explicit barrier, we prove a Lipschitz estimate which controls the oscillation of the solutions in such direction with respect to the oscillation of the nonlinearity in the same direction. As a consequence, we obtain a rigidity result that, roughly speaking, states that if the nonlinearity is independent of a coordinate direction, then so is any global solution (provided that the solution does not grow too much at infinity). A Liouville type result then follows as a byproduct.
Cornering gapless quantum states via their torus entanglement
Creators: name: Witczak-Krempa, William
name: Sierens, Lauren E. Hayward
name: Melko, Roger G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement entropy (EE) has emerged as an important window into the structure of complex quantum states of matter. We analyze the universal part of the EE for gapless systems put on tori in 2d/3d, denoted by $χ$. Focusing on scale invariant systems, we derive general non-perturbative properties for the shape dependence of $χ$, and reveal surprising relations to the EE associated with corners in the entangling surface. We obtain closed-form expressions for $χ$ in 2d/3d within a model that arises in the study of conformal field theories (CFTs), and use them to obtain ansatzes without fitting parameters for the 2d/3d free boson CFTs. Our numerical lattice calculations show that the ansatzes are highly accurate. Finally, we discuss how the torus EE can act as a fingerprint of exotic states such as gapless quantum spin liquids, e.g. Kitaev's honeycomb model.
description: 4+7 pages, 4+4 figures. v3: improvements throughout to improve clarity; Appendices have been expanded
Does the Peres experiment using photons test for hyper-complex (quaternionic) quantum theories?
Creators: name: Adler, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming the standard axioms for quaternionic quantum theory and a spatially localized scattering interaction, the $S$-matrix in quaternionic quantum theory is complex valued, not quaternionic. Using the standard connections between the $S$-matrix, the forward scattering amplitude for electromagnetic wave scattering, and the index of refraction, we show that the index of refraction is necessarily complex, not quaternionic. This implies that the recent optical experiment of Procopio et al. based on the Peres proposal does not test for hyper-complex or quaternionic quantum effects arising within the standard Hilbert space framework. Such a test requires looking at near zone fields, not radiation zone fields.
description: 5 pages, v2 updates ref [5] to journal citation
Formation of Porous Textures on Si (111) Wafers by Anodic Polarization in Aqueous KOH Solution
Creators: name: Abburi, M.
name: Jelvestam, U.
name: Olefjord, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2141-2145
description: Texturing is one of the challenging tasks in order to use Si(111) orientation wafers as substrate material
for solar cell due to its slow etching rate. In this paper, we present an electrochemical method to create uniform
porous textures for effective light trapping on Si(111). P-type Si(111) wafers were polarized, both
potentiodynamically and potentiostatically, in 2M and 4M KOH solution at temperatures ranging from room
temperature to 70oC. The applied potential was varied in the range from the open circuit potential (OCP) to 50V. The
etched surfaces were analyzed by XPS and SEM. In the potential range from OCP to 15 V, passivating oxide layer
grows from 1 nm to 22 nm at room temperature. At potentials above 20V, strong oxygen evolution occurs and the
surface starts to be pitted at steps in the crystal and defects on the surface. The pore grows and propagate into the
(111) plane at increasing temperature, applied potential and etching time.
title: Nitrogen cycling in the Anemonia viridis symbiosis
Creators: name: Roberts, J. Murray
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Physiology.

description: The temperate sea anemone, Anemonia viridis forms an endosymbiosis with dinoflagellate algae, or zooxanthellae. Previous studies of this and other symbioses have shown that zooxanthellae photosynthesis can allow them to be autotrophic with respect to carbon. Under environmental conditions where the anemone can satisfy its carbon requirements autotrophically, excretory nitrogen is also retained. In addition to this, Anemonia viridis is able to take up ammonium from seawater. Ammonium uptake has been observed in all classes of microalgal-invertebrate symbiosis, but has not been demonstrated in non-symbiotic species or aposymbiotic individuals. Ammonium uptake is also known to be linked with photosynthesis, since it only takes place in the light or after a period of exposure to light. Whether ammonium is recycled between the zooxanthellae and host or is conserved by the host remains unresolved. Whatever the mechanism by which ammonium is assimilated, it was not known whether ammonium uptake could support growth. To examine this question, symbiotic anemones were maintained for three months in seawater supplemented with 20muM ammonium and weight change was compared with that of control anemones in unsupplemented seawater. During this experiment, anemones in seawater lost weight whereas those in ammonium-supplemented seawater increased in weight. This provided a preliminary indication that ammonium uptake could support growth.
Delocalization in One-Dimensional Tight-Binding Models with Fractal Disorder II: Existence of Mobility Edge
Creators: name: Yamada, Hiroaki S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the previous work, we investigated the correlation-induced localization-delocalization transition (LDT) of the wavefunction at band center ($E=0$) in the one-dimensional tight-binding model with fractal disorder [Yamada, EPJB (2015) 88, 264]. In the present work, we study the energy ($E \neq 0$) dependence of the normalized localization length and the delocalization of the wavefunction at the different energy in the same system. The mobility edges in the LDT arise when the fractal dimension of the potential landscape is larger than the critical value depending on the disorder strength, which is consistent with the previous result.In addition, we present the distribution of individual NLL and Lyapunov exponent in the system with LDT.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
Large Area Structured Foil Systems for the Monolithic Assembly of Back Contact Modules
Creators: name: Rees, M.
name: Waegli, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 478-482
description: In this paper we report on a flexible, laminated foil system and its use in much simplified module
assembly and contacting processes for back contact cells. Thereby cell interconnection and encapsulation are
performed in one lamination step (monolithic assembly). The system is produced in a roll-to-roll-process and highly
flexible laser processing is used for mass-customization of the cell contact and interconnection patterns to
accommodate the different back contact cell types available. Also, the system can be used with foil and glass
backsides alike to suit a wide range of module specifications. Foil systems with different materials, including low
cost Al-conductors, have been produced and applied in test modules incorporating back contact cells from different
manufacturers. These test modules have been characterized and the measured IV-curves and the derived fill factors
are well within the theoretical expectations. This paper describes the foil system, its production and the module
assembly processes used and reports on first results from module qualification testing.
Levy distributions for one-dimensional analysis of the Bose-Einstein correlations
Creators: name: Okorokov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general study of relations between the parameters of two centrally-symmetric Levy distributions, often used for one-dimensional investigation of Bose - Einstein correlations, is given for the first time. These relations of the strength of correlations and of the radius of the emission region take into account possible various finite ranges of the Lorentz invariant four-momentum difference for two centrally-symmetric Levy distributions. In particular, special cases of the relations are investigated for Cauchy and normal (Gaussian) distributions. The mathematical formalism is verified using the recent measurements given a generalized centrally-symmetric Levy distribution is used. The reasonable agreement is observed between estimations and experimental results for all available types of strong interaction processes and collision energies.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables
R-process enrichment from a single event in an ancient dwarf galaxy
Creators: name: Ji, Alexander P.
name: Frebel, Anna
name: Chiti, Anirudh
name: Simon, Joshua D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elements heavier than zinc are synthesized through the (r)apid and (s)low neutron-capture processes. The main site of production of the r-process elements (such as europium) has been debated for nearly 60 years. Initial studies of chemical abundance trends in old Milky Way halo stars suggested continual r-process production, in sites like core-collapse supernovae. But evidence from the local Universe favors r-process production mainly during rare events, such as neutron star mergers. The appearance of a europium abundance plateau in some dwarf spheroidal galaxies has been suggested as evidence for rare r-process enrichment in the early Universe, but only under the assumption of no gas accretion into the dwarf galaxies. Cosmologically motivated gas accretion favors continual r-process enrichment in these systems. Furthermore, the universal r-process pattern has not been cleanly identified in dwarf spheroidals. The smaller, chemically simpler, and more ancient ultra-faint dwarf galaxies assembled shortly after the first stars formed, and are ideal systems with which to study nucleosynthesis events such as the r-process. Reticulum II is one such galaxy. The abundances of non-neutron-capture elements in this galaxy (and others like it) are similar to those of other old stars. Here, we report that seven of nine stars in Reticulum II observed with high-resolution spectroscopy show strong enhancements in heavy neutron-capture elements, with abundances that follow the universal r-process pattern above barium. The enhancement in this "r-process galaxy" is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than that detected in any other ultra-faint dwarf galaxy. This implies that a single rare event produced the r-process material in Reticulum II. The r-process yield and event rate are incompatible with ordinary core-collapse supernovae, but consistent with other possible sites, such as neutron star mergers.
description: Published in Nature, 21 Mar 2016: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature17425
Introducing Electroluminescence Technique in the Quality Control of Large PV Plants
Creators: name: Coello, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3469-3472
description: This paper shows that the electroluminescence imaging is very useful on the quality control of the
module supply for PV Plant, acting as an ideal complement of tests used nowadays for this purpose. Moreover,
information regarding how the EL-test can be implemented in a simple way without affecting the time schedule of the
quality control has been provided in this paper. The EL-test has been carried out in modules randomly selected in which a
quality control had been previously performed. Results indicate that the additional information provided by
electroluminescence imaging has permitted to detect defective modules which have passed previous quality control.
Specifically, the EL- test results have correlate visual minor defects, such us visual non-uniformity in cell fingers, with
severe damages as cracks in cells.
Monolingual alignment of word senses and definitions in lexicographical resources
Creators: name: Ahmadi, Sina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: computational lexicography
computational linguistics
natural language processing

description: Dictionaries are fundamental resources for people to learn and document languages as well as for computers to process natural languages. A dictionary provides a fine-grained structure and description of the vocabulary of a language. With decades of advances in electronic lexicography, a significant amount of lexicographical resources are currently available. Such resources are the fruits of elaborate and strenuous efforts of lexicographers and oftentimes, are costly projects to initiate and maintain. Moreover, given the increasing number of lexical semantic resources, thanks to community-driven initiatives such as Wiktionary, the alignment of such resources is of importance to promote interoperability and increase their exploitation more effectively. On the other hand, the significant progress in the field of computer science, artificial intelligence and the semantic web has been tremendously beneficial to various scientific fields, particularly language technology. Therefore, there is an opportunity to leverage the current techniques and resources to facilitate the automatic alignment, integration and enrichment of lexicographical data. The focus of this thesis is broadly on the alignment of lexicographical data, particularly dictionaries. In order to tackle some of the challenges in this field, two main tasks of word sense alignment and translation inference are addressed. The first task aims to find an optimal alignment given the sense definitions of a headword in two different monolingual dictionaries. This is a challenging task, especially due to differences in sense granularity, coverage and description in two resources. After describing the characteristics of various lexical semantic resources, we introduce a benchmark containing 17 datasets of 15 languages where monolingual word senses and definitions are manually annotated across different resources by experts. In the creation of the benchmark, lexicographers' knowledge is incorporated through the annotations where a semantic relation, namely exact, narrower, broader, related or none, is selected for each sense pair. This benchmark can be used for evaluation purposes of word-sense alignment systems. The performance of a few alignment techniques based on textual and non-textual semantic similarity detection and semantic relation induction is evaluated using the benchmark. Finally, we extend this work to translation inference where translation pairs are induced to generate bilingual lexicons in an unsupervised way using various approaches based on graph analysis. This task is of particular interest for the creation of lexicographical resources for less-resourced and under-represented languages and also, assists in increasing coverage of the existing resources. From a practical point of view, the techniques and methods that are developed in this thesis are implemented within a tool that can facilitate the alignment task.
An Exact Algorithm for a Fuel-Constrained Autonomous Vehicle Path Planning Problem
Creators: name: Sundar, Kaarthik
name: Venkatachalam, Saravanan
name: Rathinam, Sivakumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper addresses a fuel-constrained, autonomous vehicle path planning problem in the presence of multiple refueling stations. We are given a set of targets, a set of refueling stations, and a depot where $m$ vehicles are stationed. The vehicles are allowed to refuel at any refueling station, and the objective of the problem is to determine a route for each vehicle starting and terminating at the depot, such that each target is visited by at least one vehicle, the vehicles never run out of fuel while traversing their routes, and the total travel cost of all the routes is a minimum. We present four new mixed-integer linear programming formulations for the problem. These formulations are compared both analytically and empirically, and a branch-and-cut algorithm is developed to compute an optimal solution. Extensive computational results on a large class of test instances that corroborate the effectiveness of the algorithm are also presented.
description: A version of this paper accepted to Unmanned Systems under the title "Analysis of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming Formulations for a Fuel-Constrained Multiple Vehicle Routing Problem"
Metastabilities in Thin-Film Modules Due to Pre-Treatment
Creators: name: Novalin, S.
name: Rennhofer, M.
name: Summhammer, J.
name: Leidl, R.
name: Zamini, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3473-3475
description: Electrical properties of thin-film photovoltaic modules exhibit metastable behavior when exposed to
light or when kept in the dark after light exposure. This reversible effect, which can be observed e.g. after pretreatment,
varies in magnitude, depending on the cell- and module technology. It also depends on other factors such
as irradiance, temperature and bias on the module.
In this study, light-soaking effects as well as dark-soaking effects were analyzed for various thin-film technologies
such as CIGS, CdTe, a-Si:H and a-Si/a-Si. The conducted experiments show an increase in the power output after
weak irradiance light exposure. This observation is mainly due to a rise in the fill factor (FF) and in the open circuit
voltage (UOC). The time constants between the excitation and relaxation processes match for all investigated thin-film
technologies except for CIGS, where the relaxation phase is roughly 500 times longer than the light-soaking period.
Substitution reactions of cis-platinum(II) complexes containing bidentate N,N-donor pyridinecarboxamide ligands with different substituents
Creators: name: Papo, Tshephiso R.
name: Jaganyi, Deogratius
name: Mambanda, Allen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Substitution reactions of [2-(pyridinecarboxamide)dichloride Pt(II)] [PtCl2], [N-phenyl-(2-pyridinecarboxamide)dichloride Pt(II)] [PhPtCl2], [N-(4-methylphenyl)-2-pyridinecarboxamide)dichloride Pt(II)] [CH3PhPtCl2], [N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(2-pyridine-carboxamide)dichloride Pt(II)] [CH3OPhPtCl2] and [N-(4-fluorophenyl)-(2-pyridinecarboxamide)dichloride Pt(II)] [FPhPtCl2], with nucleophiles; thiourea (TU), N,N′-dimethylthiourea (DMTU) and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylthiourea (TMTU) were studied under pseudo first-order conditions. The rates of substitution were investigated as a function of nucleophile concentration and temperature using stopped-flow and UV-visible absorption spectrophotometers. Substitutions of the two coordinated chloride ligands of the Pt(II) complexes occur consecutively, with the first substitution occurring opposite the coordinated pyridyl. The observed pseudo first-order rate constants regressed linearly with concentration of the incoming nucleophiles according to the equation kobs = k2[Nu]. The highest substitution rates were measured for PtCl2, which is attributed to the unsubstituted non-leaving carboxamide ligand. The Pt(II) center of this complex is the most electrophilic as a result of the strong withdrawal of electron density through π-resonance by the carboxamide group. The introduction of a 4′-substituted phenyl group on the amido N of the carboxamide reduces the reactivity of the complexes due to proportional electronic effects from the ancillary substituents on the phenyl ring as well as its conformational disposition with respect to the plane of the complex. The order of reactivity of studied nucleophiles is TU > DMTU > TMTU. The substitution is associatively activated as supported by the negative entropy of activation values for the reactions.
Single Side Polish Etching for the Rear Side of Crystalline Silicon Wafers
Creators: name: Kästner, G.
name: Zimmer, M.
name: Birmann, K.
name: Souren, F.M.M.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2055-2058
description: Standard silicon solar cells have a textured front and rear side. In order to optimize the light trapping
within the cell and the conditions for a good rear side passivation with local contacts, a planar rear surface is most
suitable. The different structured front and rear surfaces of the wafer make the implementation of a single side
etching process step essential. The main focus in this study is etching a planar rear surface with industrial standard
applications based on a textured surface. With isotropic etch behaviour and high etch rates, which are preferred for
inline processes, acidic measures are used to flatten the rear surface of the wafer. Mono- and multicrystalline wafers
have been etched by obtaining a weighted reflection of about 35%. A successful single side polish etching after
texturization requires a high silicon removal (10 to 30 μm). This process was already successfully transferred to an
industrially deployable highly efficient cell design.
A simple characterization of homogeneous Young measures and weak $L^1$ convergence of their densities
Creators: name: Puchała, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46N10, 49M30, 60A10

description: We formulate a simple characterization of homogeneous Young measures associated with measurable functions. It is based on the notion of the quasi-Young measure introduced in the previous article published in this Journal. First, homogeneous Young measures associated with the measurable functions are recognized as the constant mappings defined on the domain of the underlying function with values in the space of probability measures on the range of these functions. Then the characterization of homogeneous Young measures via image measures is formulated. Finally, we investigate the connections between weak convergence of the homogeneous Young measures understood as elements of the Banach space of scalar valued measures and the weak* L1 sequential convergence of their densities. A scalar case of the smooth functions and their Young measures being Lebesgue-Stieltjes measures is also analyzed.
description: The third part of this article, 'Homogeneous Young measures', forms the core of the article 'Remarks on homogeneous Young measures associated with Borel functions', submitted in ArXiv. Supplied with the material described above in the Abstract has appeared in Optimization. The current version is as the first version of the article sent to Optimization with Acknowledgements added
Syntheses and characterization of some homodimer complexes of bismuth(III) having a Bi…Bi linkage along with molecular modeling, antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic studies
Creators: name: Beniwal, Savita
name: Gaur, Seema
name: Sharma, Jyoti
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A homodimer of bismuth(III) heteroleptic derivatives having two ligands, [{(R1)(R2)C = NO}2Bi{S2CN(CH2CH2)2O}]2 [where R1 = -C6H5, R2 = -CH3 (1); R1 = -C6H4CH3, R2 = -CH3 (2); R1 = -C6H4Cl, R2 = -CH3 (3); R1 = -C6H4Br, R2 = -CH3 (4); R1 = -C6H4OH, R2 = -H (5); R1(R2)C = C-CH2-(CH2)3-CH2 (6)], were synthesized by reaction of bismuth(III) chloride with sodium substituted oximes and morpholine dithiocarbamate in 1:2:1 stoichiometry. The complex was characterized by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectra; the dimeric structure was assigned through LC-mass spectrometry. Distorted octahedral geometry around the central bismuth in each unit of the homodimer, linked by Bi…Bi bond, is proposed. Calculations for the two possible optimized geometries were done to determine Bi…Bi intermolecular linkage in these derivatives. Powder XRD study displayed nano range (∼30 nm) particle size and crystalline nature. The synthesized bismuth(III) derivatives were studied against four microbes viz., Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The antioxidant evaluation was carried out by FRAP assay and the cytotoxic study was accomplished through MTT analyzer. The results revealed that these derivatives were non-toxic (>50% cell viability) for 3 T3 fibroblast cell lines even at 500 µg/mL concentration.
Determination of the Temperature of Organic Solar Cells at Different Bias Irradiance Levels
Creators: name: Fey, T.
name: Friedrich, D.
name: Kröger, I.
name: Winter, S.
name: Timmreck, R.
name: Leo, K.
name: Riede, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3463-3465
description: In order to compare organic solar cells and their electric properties to conventional solar cell types they
have to be calibrated under standard test conditions (1000W/m², 25°C, AM1.5). But in contrast to conventional solar
cells organic solar cells consist of very thin layers (~100nm) and are often encapsulated between two glass substrates.
The lower thermal conductivity of glass causes a great difference between the temperatures in the solar cell and on
the backside of the glass. In practice it is only possible to measure the temperature at the backside. This causes large
uncertainties of the temperature inside the cell and hence introduces large uncertainties for a proper calibration. To
reduce the uncertainties from the temperature it is necessary to get information about the inner temperature of the
cell. Here we present results from measuring the inner temperature of an organic solar cell via a micro resistor
directly pressed onto the metal back electrode inside the encapsulation and from a usual PT100 in a heat sink, which
is pressed on the backside of the encapsulation glass. We observed a linear relation between irradiance and
temperature difference between both temperature sensors. Finally we are able to reach nearly 25°C at the contact of
the solar cell by controlling the temperature of the PT 100.
THE EFFECT OF UTILIZING TECHNOLOGY IN THE ONLINE CLASSROOM IN NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY BEIJING, CHINA
Creators: name: Mengjun Tian
Publisher: name: Faculty of Communication  arts Rambhai Barni Rajatbhat University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Utilizing Technology
Online Classroom
Classroom Training
Blended learning
e-Learning

description: Journal of Social Innovation and Mass Communication Technology, 6, 2, 42-50
Electrical Properties of Recrystallised SiC Films from PECVD Precursors for Silicon Quantum Dot Solar Cell Applications
Creators: name: Schnabel, M.
name: Witzky, A.
name: Löper, P.
name: Gradmann, R.
name: Künle, M.
name: Janz, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 454-460
description: Silicon carbide (SiC) is a promising host material for silicon quantum dots (Si QDs), which are being
investigated as absorber materials for tandem solar cells based solely on crystalline silicon. Amorphous silicon carbide
(a-SiC) films are deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) and annealed under the same
conditions usually used to precipitate Si QDs. During annealing, the films shrink by 20%, and some a-SiC transforms
into SiC nanocrystals (nc-SiC) about 3 nm in size. P-type doping with boron is found to inhibit SiC crystallisation and
lower conductance as compared to intrinsic films. N-type doping with phosphorus on the other hand promotes SiC
crystallisation and leads to a higher conductance. The trends in conductance are ascribed solely to the effect of the
dopant on crystallisation. Al, Ti, Cr, Ni20%Cr, and ITO are all found to form Ohmic contacts to the SiC films on
deposition, with no change in contact properties brought about by sintering at 425°C. Temperature-dependent
conductivity measurements on intrinsic SiC films reveal two distinct activation energies; 65 meV below 200 K, and 158
meV above 200 K.
The Growth of Silicon Nanowires from Tin Catalyst Layers on Glass for Solar Cell Applications
Creators: name: Ball, J.
name: Centeno, A.
name: Reehal, H.S.
name: Alford, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 461-464
description: At present the photovoltaic market is dominated by crystalline silicon wafer based technology. This
requires high purity and relatively thick wafers, leading to high cost. Thin film crystalline silicon solar cells grown from
the gas phase are being developed as potentially low cost alternatives. As crystalline silicon is a poor absorber of light,
thin film technologies require complex light trapping schemes to compensate. Silicon nanowire (SiNW) solar cells
grown from the gas phase have the potential for reduced material usage, therefore cost. They also exhibit good
antireflective and light trapping properties. SiNWs grown from self organised tin layers are typically smaller than those
grown from constrained catalyst metals such as copper and nickel. The ability of these smaller SiNWs to absorb
useful parts of the solar spectrum is of interest. We present the optical properties of silicon nanowires grown from tin
catalyst layers using the technique of electron cyclotron resonance plasma CVD. The wires are deposited on thin
silicon layers sputtered onto Corning glass substrates. The experimental data is compared with modelled results
obtained using a Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) approach.
Jet shapes for boosted jet two-prong decays from first-principles
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Mrinal
name: Schunk, Lais
name: Soyez, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several boosted jet techniques use jet shape variables to discriminate the multi-pronged signal from Quantum Chromodynamics backgrounds. In this paper, we provide a first-principles study of an important class of jet shapes all of which put a constraint on the subjet mass: the mass-drop parameter ($μ^2$), the $N$-subjettiness ratio ($τ_{21}^{(β=2)}$) and energy correlation functions ($C_2^{(β=2)}$ or $D_2^{(β=2)}$). We provide analytic results both for QCD background jets as well as for signal processes. We further study the situation where cuts on these variables are applied recursively with Cambridge-Aachen de-clustering of the original jet. We also explore the effect of the choice of axis for $N$-subjettiness and jet de-clustering. Our results bring substantial new insight into the nature, gain and relative performance of each of these methods, which we expect will influence their future application for boosted object searches.
description: 59 pages, 15 figures