cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Predicting cardiac functional and structural abnormalities from electrogram morphology using supervised machine learning
Creators: name: Tzortzis, Konstantinos Nektarios
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The extracellular contact electrogram, which is the signature of the interaction of electrical activation and architecture of the local myocardium, is recorded clinically in contact with myocardium. The morphology of the signal could show relationships between the local electrogram and conduction abnormalities that influence the electrophysiology. In this thesis, I sought to address the hypothesis that the local electro-architecture, which is responsible for identifiable features of local action potentials, can be predicted from specific characteristics of electrogram recordings using supervised machine learning algorithms. In addressing this hypothesis, I utilised in vitro multicellular preparations for obtaining unipolar electrogram data. The recordings were collected under a variety of experimental conditions, in order to investigate the effects of functional abnormalities, such as ion channel blockade and gap junction uncoupling, as well as structural determinants, such as increasing amounts of fibroblasts co-cultured with cardiac myocytes. A signal processing and feature extraction process was developed and applied on electrograms. The relationships between the abnormalities, which were introduced to experimental models, and specific electrogram characteristics were then investigated. Electrograms were then used inversely for the development of prediction models. To demonstrate the translational potential of these tools, they were tested on tissue slices derived from human end-stage heart failure hearts. It was found that EGM morphology was significantly modified due to the different heart failure phenotypes. These differences in morphology allowed accurate predictions. Paced data were also obtained from patients with a history of persistent AF. The functional and structural determinants of unipolar electrogram morphology, which are also responsible for a variety of cardiac arrhythmias, can be predicted accurately using supervised machine learning. By better understanding the role of electro-architecture on electrogram morphology and utilising machine learning, we are provided with new insights that could contribute to a progress in diagnostics and treatment of cardiac diseases.
Off-resonant many-body quantum carpets in strongly tilted optical lattices
Creators: name: Muñoz-Arias, Manuel H.
name: Madroñero, Javier
name: Parra-Murillo, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An unit filling Bose-Hubbard Hamilonian embedded in strong Stark field is studied in the off-resonant regime inhibiting single and many-particle first order tunneling resonances. We investigate the occurrence of coherent dipole wave-like propagation along of an optical lattice by means of an effective Hamiltonian accounting for second order tunneling processes. It is shown that dipole wavefunction evolution in the short-time limit is ballistic and that finite size effects induce dynamical self-interference patterns known as quantum carperts. We also present the effects of the border right after the first reflection showing that the wavefunction diffuses normally with the variance changing linearly in time. This work extends the rich physical phenomenology of the tilted one dimensional lattice systems in a scenario of many interacting quantum particles, the so-called many-body Wannier-Stark system.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. Comments are welcome
Chemotaxis(-fluid) systems with logarithmic sensitivity and slow consumption: global generalized solutions and eventual smoothness
Creators: name: Fuest, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K55 (primary), 35B40, 35B65, 35D99, 35Q35, 92C17 (secondary)

description: We consider the system \begin{align*} \begin{cases} n_t + u \cdot \nabla n = Δn - χ\nabla \cdot (\frac{n}{c} \nabla c), \\ c_t + u \cdot \nabla c = Δc - nf(c), \\ u_t + (u \cdot \nabla) u = Δu + \nabla P + n \nabla ϕ, \quad \nabla \cdot u = 0, \end{cases} \end{align*} in smooth bounded domains $Ω\subset \mathbb R^N$, $N \in \mathbb N$, for given $f \ge 0$, $ϕ$ and complemented with initial and homogeneous Neumann--Neumann--Dirichlet boundary conditions, which models aerobic bacteria in a fluid drop. We assume $f(0) = 0$ and $f'(0) = 0$, that is, that $f$ decays slower than linearly near $0$, and construct global generalized solutions provided that either $N=2$ or $N > 2$ and no fluid is present. If additionally $N=2$, we next prove that this solution eventually becomes smooth and stabilizes in the large-time limit. We emphasize that these results require smallness neither of $χ$ nor of the initial data.
description: 25 pages
Identification, purification and cDNA cloning of a novel serine proteinase inhibitor
Creators: name: Coughlin., Paul Bernard
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Analytical 1D-calculation of a 1-turn Coil Parameters for the Magneto-Forming Technology
Creators: name: Mansouri, O.
name: Maloberti, O.
name: Jouaffre, D.
name: Hamzaoui, M.
name: Derosiere, J.
name: Haye, D.
name: Leonard, J. P.
name: Pelca, P.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: magnetic pulse forming and welding
subject: Bessel functions
subject: analytical methods
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Impulsschweißen
subject: Integraltransformation

description: In this paper, we will present an analytical modelling of a one-turn coil dedicated to magnetic-pulse technologies. The goal is to be able to determine the main useful parameters of an inductor by calculating the magnetic vector potential “A” diffusion. The concerned parameters are electromagnetic (electromagnetic fields, magnetic flux and electric current densities), electrical (resistance and inductance, maximum field coefficient) and electromechanical (Lorentz force density and maximum force coefficient). The results obtained will then be compared to numerical computations performed onto some test cases. In order to get an approximate but robust analytical solution, it is proposed to assume an axial symmetry and to solve the problem in the harmonic working condition before studying the transient state.
Aspects of positive definiteness and gaussian processes on planet earth
Creators: name: Symons, Tasmin L.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: This thesis studies characterisations and properties of spatial and spatio-temporal Gaussian processes defined over the sphere (or in the spatio-temporal case the product of the sphere and the real line). Such processes are of importance in global weather and climate science, where the geometry is necessarily spherical, but, especially in the dynamic setting, they are less well-studied than their Euclidean counterparts. Beginning with Brownian motion, we first look at characterising Gaussian randomness on the sphere and sphere-cross-line, and how it compares with the Euclidean setting -- we show that the characterisation theorems of Gaussian processes on spaces of types spanning the real line, the sphere and sphere-cross-line can be phrased as consequences of a powerful general theorem of harmonic analysis. We go on to find the answer to a recent question posed about dimension-hopping operators for positive-definite (i.e. covariance) functions on the sphere-cross-line, and consider how we could go about constructing dimension-hopping operators with the semi-group property on the sphere. Later, we address the theory of the path properties of these processes, extending a finite-dimensional result the the infinite-dimensional case and showing that a remarkably elegant approach for processes on Euclidean space carries over to our setting. We finish by finding the analogue of the powerful Ciesielski isomorphism for continuous functions on the two-sphere.
Semiclassical atom theory applied to solid-state physics
Creators: name: Constantin, L. A.
name: Terentjevs, A.
name: Della Sala, F.
name: Cortona, P.
name: Fabiano, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the semiclassical neutral atom theory, we extend to fourth order the modified gradient expansion of the exchange energy of density functional theory. This expansion can be applied both to large atoms and solid-state problems. Moreover, we show that it can be employed to construct a simple and non-empirical generalized gradient approximation (GGA) exchange-correlation functional competitive with state-of-the-art GGAs for solids, but also reasonably accurate for large atoms and ordinary chemistry.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Experimental investigation of flow induced dust acoustic shock waves in a complex plasma
Creators: name: Jaiswal, S.
name: Bandyopadhyay, P.
name: Sen, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on experimental observations of flow induced large amplitude dust-acoustic shock waves (DASW) in a complex plasma. The experiments have been carried out in a $Π$ shaped DC glow discharge experimental device using kaolin particles as the dust component in a background of Argon plasma. A strong supersonic flow of the dust fluid is induced by adjusting the pumping speed and neutral gas flow into the device. An isolated copper wire mounted on the cathode acts as a potential barrier to the flow of dust particles. A sudden change of gas flow rate is used to trigger the onset of high velocity dust acoustic shocks whose dynamics are captured by fast video pictures of the evolving structures. The physical characteristics of these shocks are delineated through a parametric scan of their dynamical properties over a range of flow speeds and potential hill heights. The observed evolution of the shock waves and their propagation characteristics are found to compare well with model numerical results based on a modified Korteweg-de-Vries-Burgers type equation.
title: Image guided Surgery – Intraoperative Messung der Magenschlauchperfusion bei Ösophagusresektion mittels lasergestützter Fluoreszenzbildgebung
Creators: name: Kauffels, Anne
name: Sperling, Jens
name: Napp, Joanna
name: Alves, Frauke
name: Ghadimi, Michael
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die chirurgische Resektion ist integraler Bestandteil der multimodalen Therapie des Ösophaguskarzinoms. Dabei stellt die abdomino-thorakale Ösophagusresektion und Rekonstruktion mittels Magenschlauch und gastro-ösophagealer Anastomose die chirurgische Standardtherapie dar.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 133. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie
Utilising the hydrodynamics of thin film flow over a spinning disc for graphene exfoliation
Creators: name: Uzo, Nwachukwu
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Graphene, a 2D nanomaterial, has remarkable mechanical, electrical, thermal and optical properties, which has the potential to transform the technological landscape. Methods currently available for graphene production are not at an industrial scale, with rates rarely exceeding 0.04 g/h. This thesis investigates the use of the spinning disc as a vehicle for the scale-up of graphene production by linking how the hydrodynamics of the spinning disc impacts liquid phase exfoliation. High speed imaging results identifi ed the flow regime showing that it is as a direct result from the balance of the key forces (inertia, surface tension and viscosity). The regimes identi ed were smooth, spiral, transition to 3D and fully 3D waves. Increasing the body force relative over surface tension and viscosity stipulates a change in regime suggesting a critical Reynolds number is needed to be exceeded locally on the disc for each of the flow regime. Both 2D and 3D direct numerical simulations further reinforced this interplay between the forces and established that the spiral wave regime could not generate enough local shear rate to exceed the critical needed for exfoliation of 104 s-1 which will be predominantly governed by the 3D regime. Graphene exfoliation was governed by the hydrodynamics in particular related to the shear rate and residence time which determined the yield of about 0.25 wt % with natural graphite precursor for the highest shear rate after 6 hours of processing. Shear rate was also found to impact lateral size and selectivity with the highest shear giving sizes between 0.1 - 5 micro m and selectivity of 90 % to 1 - 4 layers. The Raman ID/IG ratio of 0.14 and ID/ID' of 1.8 suggested it was mostly edge defects that were present implying high quality graphene was produced. To further reduce the interlayer cohesive energy to expedite the exfoliation process, pre-processing the graphite either via pre-sonication or ball-milling was carried which led to an increase of the yield to 1.1 wt % (production rate of 0.01 g=h) however some of the graphene sheets were wrinkled due to the introduction of the ball milling.
Probing the role of mobility in the collective motion of non-equilibrium systems
Creators: name: Shen, Hongchuan
name: Tan, Peng
name: Xu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By systematically varying the mobility of self-propelled particles in a two-dimensional (2D) lattice, we experimentally study the influence of particle mobility on system's collective motion. Our system is intrinsically non-equilibrium due to the lack of energy equipartition. By constructing the covariance matrix of spatial fluctuations and solving for its eigenmodes, we obtain the collective motions of the system with various magnitudes. Interestingly, our structurally ordered non-equilibrium system exhibits almost identical properties as disordered glassy systems under thermal equilibrium: the modes with large overall motions are spatially correlated and quasilocalized while the modes with small collective motions are highly localized, resembling the low- and high-frequency modes in glass. More surprisingly, a peak similar to the boson peak forms in our non-equilibrium system as the number of mobile particles increases, revealing the possible origin of the boson peak from a dynamic aspect. We further illustrate that the spatially-correlated large-movement modes can be produced by the cooperation of highly-active particles above a threshold fraction, while the localized small-movement modes can be created by adding individual inactive particles. Our study clarifies the role of mobility in collective motions, and further suggests a promising possibility of extending the powerful mode analysis approach to non-equilibrium systems.
Nonlinear tides in a homogeneous rotating planet or star: global modes and elliptical instability
Creators: name: Barker, Adrian J.
name: Braviner, Harry J.
name: Ogilvie, Gordon I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the global modes and instabilities of homogeneous rotating ellipsoidal fluid masses, which are the simplest global models of rotationally and tidally deformed gaseous planets or stars. The tidal flow in a short-period planet may be unstable to the elliptical instability, a hydrodynamic instability that can drive tidal evolution. We perform a global (and local WKB) analysis to study this instability using the elegant formalism of Lebovitz & Lifschitz. We survey the parameter space of global instabilities with harmonic orders $\ell\leq 5$, for planets with spins that are purely aligned (prograde) or anti-aligned (retrograde) with their orbits. In general, the instability has a much larger growth rate if the planetary spin and orbit are anti-aligned rather than aligned. We have identified a violent instability for anti-aligned spins outside of the usual frequency range for the elliptical instability (when $\frac{n}Ω\lesssim -1$, where $n$ and $Ω$ are the orbital and spin angular frequencies, respectively) if the tidal amplitude is sufficiently large. We also explore the instability in a rigid ellipsoidal container, which is found to be quantitatively similar to that with a realistic free surface. Finally, we study the effect of rotation and tidal deformation on mode frequencies. We find that larger rotation rates and larger tidal deformations both decrease the frequencies of the prograde sectoral surface gravity modes. This increases the prospect of their tidal excitation, potentially enhancing the tidal response over expectations from linear theory. In a companion paper, we use our results to interpret global simulations of the elliptical instability.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS (2016 March 22)
title: Transanale totale mesorektale Exzision (TaTME) beim tiefsitzenden Rektumkarzinom
Creators: name: Wachter, Nicolas
name: Kauff, Daniel
name: Paschold, Markus
name: Lang, Hauke
name: Kneist, Werner
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die laparoskopisch assistierte transanale totale mesorektale Exzision (TaTME) könnte hinsichtlich Radikalität und Funktionserhalt Vorteile bieten. Zu den Ergebnissen bei Patienten mit Karzinomen des unteren Rektumdrittels liegen bisher nur wenige Daten vor. Material und Methoden:[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 133. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie
A supernova feedback implementation for the astrophysical simulation software Arepo
Creators: name: Bubel, André-Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova (SN) explosions play an important role in the development of galactic structures. The energy and momentum imparted on the interstellar medium (ISM) in so-called "supernova feedback" drives turbulence, heats the gas, enriches it with heavy elements, can lead to the formation of new stars or even suppress star formation by disrupting stellar nurseries. In the numerical simulation at the sub-galactic level, not including the energy and momentum of supernovas in the physical description of the problem can also lead to several problems that might partially be resolved by including a description of supernovas. In this thesis such an implementation is attempted for the combined numerical hydrodynamics and N-body simulation software Arepo (Springel, 2010) for the high density gas in the ISM only. This allows supernova driven turbulence in boxes of 400pc cubed to be studied. In a stochastic process a large amount of thermal energy is imparted on a number of neighbouring cells, mimicking the effect of a supernova explosions. We test this approach by modelling the explosion of a single supernova in a uniform density medium and comparing the evolution of the resulting supernova remnant to the theoretically-predicted behaviour. We also run a simulation with our feedback code and a fixed supernova rate derived from the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation (Kennicutt, 1998) for a duration of about 20 Myrs. We describe our method in detail in this text and discuss the properties of our implementation. vii
description: Master's thesis in Physics at the University of Heidelberg, Germany. In v2: Removed section 3.4 and most of the discussion in 4.1. For explanation and other changes made compared to the printed version please see the Changelog section in the text
16S rRNA methyltransferases: the end of aminoglycosides?
Creators: name: Taylor, Emma Louise
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: 16S rRNA methyltransferases (16S RMTases) confer high-level aminoglycoside resistance (MICs >256 mg/L) to Gram-negative bacteria and are an emerging threat. The prevalence of 16S RMTases in the UK is entirely unknown as are the drivers behind their emergence. The occurrence of 16S RMTases (ArmA, RmtA-RmtH and NpmA) in the UK was identified by screening bacteria from Public Health England’s Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections Reference Unit from 2003-2015 and whole-genome sequences from the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Resistance Surveillance Project from 2001-2013, with positivity rates of 83.2% (1,312/1,576) and 0.3% (4/1,566), respectively. A prospective surveillance study, where 14 NHS Trusts sent amikacin-resistant bacterial isolates from May 1st to October 31st 2016, determined a period prevalence of 16S RMTases of 0.1% (79/71,063). Potential risk factors for acquisition of 16S RMTase-producing bacteria, were identified using anonymised case questionnaires and included age (≥65 years), being male, an inpatient or a non-UK resident and receiving medical treatment abroad. 16S RMTases were frequently associated with carbapenemases, which were identified in 94.3% (1,237/1,312), 87.3% (69/79) and 50.0% (2/4) 16S RMTase-producing isolates in these isolate collections. 16S RMTases were frequently carried by ‘high-risk’ bacterial clones such as Klebsiella pneumoniae ST14. Analysis of genome sequence data identified mobile genetic elements such as Tn1548 (armA), Tn2 (rmtB), ISEcp1 (rmtC) and IS91 (rmtC and rmtF) were associated with 16S RMTases. Analysis of plasmids identified genetic linkage of 16S RMTases with the carbapenemase NDM-1 and the circulation of novel plasmids within the UK. Although currently rare in the UK, 16S RMTases appear to be emerging through clonal expansion, and potentially through association with carbapenemases and mobile genetic elements. Given the critical therapeutic role of aminoglycosides in combatting the challenge of antimicrobial resistance in Gram negative pathogens, the risk of future emergence is high, underlining a need for ongoing surveillance.
Fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR-1) is essential for spermiogenesis and male fertility
Creators: name: Cotton., Leanne M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: Register für Lebertumoren im Kindes- und Jugendalter (LTR) der GPOH – Bilanz und Resonanz nach 5 Jahren
Creators: name: Zeller, Christiane
name: Becker, Kristina
name: Häberle, Beate
name: Von Schweinitz, Dietrich
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Im LTR werden Daten von Patienten mit malignen und benignen Lebertumoren im Kindesalter erfasst. Ziel ist es, die Erkenntnisse und Therapieempfehlungen insbesondere auch zu den gutartigen Tumoren hinsichtlich Epidemiologie, Pathogenese und Therapie zu erweitern. Ebenso dient das Register[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 133. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie
A Virgo Environmental Survey Tracing Ionised Gas Emission (VESTIGE).XIV. The main sequence relation in a rich environment down to M_star ~ 10^6 Mo
Creators: name: Boselli, A.
name: Fossati, M.
name: Roediger, J.
name: Boquien, M.
name: Fumagalli, M.
name: Balogh, M.
name: Boissier, S.
name: Braine, J.
name: Ciesla, L.
name: Côté, P.
name: Cuillandre, J. C.
name: Ferrarese, L.
name: Gavazzi, G.
name: Gwyn, S.
name: Junais
name: Hensler, G.
name: Longobardi, A.
name: Sun, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a compilation of Halpha fluxes for 384 star forming galaxies detected during the VESTIGE survey, we study several important scaling relations for a complete sample of galaxies in a rich environment. The extraordinary sensitivity of the data allows us to sample the whole dynamic range of the Halpha luminosity function, from massive (M*~10^11 Mo) to dwarf systems (M*~10^6 Mo). This extends previous works to a dynamic range in stellar mass and star formation rate (10^-4
description: Accepted for publication on A&A
Nonlinear tides in a homogeneous rotating planet or star: global simulations of the elliptical instability
Creators: name: Barker, Adrian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present results from the first global hydrodynamical simulations of the elliptical instability in a tidally deformed gaseous planet (or star) with a free surface. The elliptical instability is potentially important for tidal evolution of the shortest-period hot Jupiters. I model the planet as a spin-orbit aligned or anti-aligned, and non-synchronously rotating, tidally deformed, homogeneous fluid body. A companion paper presented an analysis of the global modes and instabilities of such a planet. Here I focus on the nonlinear evolution of the elliptical instability. This is observed to produce bursts of turbulence that drive the planet towards synchronism with its orbit in an erratic manner. If the planetary spin is initially anti-aligned, the elliptical instability also drives spin-orbit alignment on a similar timescale as the spin synchronisation. The instability generates differential rotation inside the planet in the form of zonal flows, which play an important role in the saturation of the instability, and in producing the observed burstiness. These results are broadly consistent with the picture obtained using a local Cartesian model (where columnar vortices played the role of zonal flows). I also simulate the instability in a container that is rigid (but stress-free) rather than free, finding broad quantitative agreement. The dissipation resulting from the elliptical instability could explain why the shortest-period hot Jupiters tend to have circular orbits inside about 2-3 days, and predicts spin-synchronisation (and spin-orbit alignment) out to about 10-15 days. However, other mechanisms must be invoked to explain tidal circularisation for longer orbital periods.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS (2016 March 22)
$U(1)_{Y'}$ universal seesaw
Creators: name: Chen, Su-Ping
name: Gu, Pei-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the $SU(3)_c \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ standard model by a $U(1)_{Y'}$ gauge symmetry. Three right-handed neutrinos are introduced to cancel the gauge anomaly. One Higgs singlet is responsible for spontaneously breaking the $U(1)_{Y'}$ symmetry while the standard model Higgs doublet does not carry any $U(1)_{Y'}$ charges. The down-type quarks, up-type quarks, charged leptons and neutral neutrinos obtain their Dirac masses through four types of dimension-5 operators constructed by the fermion doublets and singlets with the Higgs doublet and singlet. This effective theory is realized in three renormalizable contexts with heavy fermion singlets, scalar doublets and fermion doublets. The heavy fermion singlets and doublets for generating the neutrino masses also accommodate a successful Dirac leptogenesis to explain the baryon asymmetry in the universe.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Methods on compositeness and related aspects
Creators: name: Oller, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many physical applications, bound states and/or resonances are observed, which raises the question whether these states are elementary or composite. Here we elaborate on several methods for calculating the compositeness $X$ of bound states and resonances in Quantum Mechanics, and in Quantum Field Theory by introducing particle number operators. For resonances $X$ is typically complex and we discuss how to get meaningful results by using certain phase transformations in the $S$ matrix.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, contributed to "XVth Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum Conference" (1-6 August 2022, Stavanger, Norway)
Unitarizing infinite-range forces: Graviton-graviton scattering, the graviball, and Coulomb scattering
Creators: name: Oller, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study graviton-graviton scattering in partial-wave amplitudes after unitarizing their Born terms. In order to apply $S$-matrix techniques, based on unitarity and analyticity, we introduce an $S$-matrix associated to this resummation that is free of infrared divergences. This is achieved by removing the diverging phase factor calculated by Weinberg that multiplies the $S$ matrix, and that stems from the virtual infrared gravitons. A scalar graviton-graviton resonance with vacuum quantum numbers is obtained as a pole in the nonperturbative $S$-wave amplitude, which is called the graviball. Its resonant effects along the physical real $s$-axis may peak at values substantially lower than the UV cutoff squared of the theory, similarly to the $σ$ resonance in QCD. These techniques are also applied to study nonrelativistic Coulomb scattering up to next-to-leading order in the unitarization program. A comparison with the exact known solution is very illuminating.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, contributed to "XVth Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum Conference" (1-6 August 2022, Stavanger, Norway)
Atmospheric Neutrinos: Status and Prospects
Creators: name: Choubey, Sandhya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of the current status of neutrino oscillation studies at atmospheric neutrino experiments. While the current data gives some tentalising hints regarding the neutrino mass hierarchy, octant of $θ_{23}$ and $δ_{CP}$, the hints are not statistically significant. We summarise the sensitivity to these sub-dominant three-generation effects from the next-generation proposed atmospheric neutrino experiments. We next present the prospects of new physics searches such as non-standard interactions, sterile neutrinos and CPT violation studies at these experiments.
description: To appear in the Special Issue on neutrino oscillations of Nuclear Physics B
IMPROVING IN SILICO SCIENTIFIC REPRODUCIBILITY WITH PROVENANCE REPLAY SOFTWARE
Creators: name: Keefe, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460103
subject: Applications in life sciences
classificationCode: 461299
subject: Software engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Bioinformatics workflows are often complex. This complexity creates known challenges for study organization, reporting, and reproducibility which may prevent study replication.Here I present Provenance Replay ‐ software which reads the full analysis history of a figure or data artifact produced by QIIME 2 (a prominent free and open platform for microbiome science), and then generates executable code that can replicate the original results. Generated executables may also be applied to similarly structured data, modified, or extended, supporting results reproducibility and generalization. Executables can be used as reproducibility documentation, applied to automate repeated analyses, and may reduce record‐keeping, training, and communication burdens in collaborative research contexts.Additionally, I present the results of demonstrations, surveys, and focus groups conducted with an alpha version of the software. In survey results, demonstration participants reported high perceived ease of use (mean PEOU 5.82 of 7), high perceived usefulness (mean PU 5.96 of 7), and a net promoter score of +78.95%. Overall, respondents report a positive general attitude toward using Provenance Replay, and a high likelihood of recommending the software to others.

Provenance Replay available at: https://github.com/qiime2/provenance-lib
LaTeX thesis available at: https://github.com/ChrisKeefe/MSCS_Thesis
Reactive Receiver Modeling for Diffusive Molecular Communication Systems with Molecule Degradation
Creators: name: Ahmadzadeh, Arman
name: Arjmanidi, Hamidreza
name: Burkovski, Andreas
name: Schober, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the diffusive molecular communication channel between a transmitter nano-machine and a receiver nano-machine in a fluid environment. The information molecules released by the transmitter nano-machine into the environment can degrade in the channel via a first-order degradation reaction and those that reach the receiver nano-machine can participate in a reversible bimolecular-reaction with receiver receptor proteins. We derive a closed-form analytical expression for the expected received signal at the receiver, i.e., the expected number of activated receptors on the surface of the receiver. The accuracy of the derived analytical result is verified with a Brownian motion particle-based simulation of the environment.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) on October 31, 2015
Compositeness and several applications to exotic hadronic states with heavy quarks
Creators: name: Oller, J. A.
name: Guo, Z. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several methods for studying the nature of a resonance are applied to resonances recently discovered in the bottonomium and charmonium sectors. We employ the effective-range expansion, the saturation of the width and compositeness of a resonance, as well as direct fits to data. The latter stem from generic $S$-matrix parameterization that account for relevant dynamical features associated to channels that couple strongly in an energy region around the resonance masses, in which their thresholds also lie. We report on results obtained with these methods for the resonances $Z_b(10610)$, $Z_b(10650)$, $Z_{cs}(3985)$, $Z_c(3900)$, $X(4020)$, $X(6900)$, $X(6825)$, and $P_{cs}(4459)$.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, contributed to "XVth Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum Conference" (1-6 August 2022, Stavanger, Norway)
$\mathcal{T,P}$-odd effects in the LuOH$^+$ cation
Creators: name: Maison, Daniel E.
name: Skripnikov, Leonid V.
name: Penyazkov, Gleb
name: Grau, Matt
name: Petrov, Alexander N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LuOH$^+$ cation is a promising system to search for manifestations of time reversal and spatial parity violation effects. Such effects in LuOH$^+$ induced by the electron electric dipole moment $e$EDM and the scalar-pseudoscalar interaction of the nucleus with electrons, characterized by $k_s$ constant, in LuOH$^+$ are studied. The enhancement factors, polarization in the external electric field, hyperfine interaction, rovibrational structure are calculated. The study is required for the experiment preparation and extraction of the eEDM and ks values from experimental data.
The Impact of Bayesian Hyperpriors on the Population-Level Eccentricity Distribution of Imaged Planets
Creators: name: Nagpal, Vighnesh
name: Blunt, Sarah
name: Bowler, Brendan P.
name: Dupuy, Trent J.
name: Nielsen, Eric L.
name: Wang, Jason J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbital eccentricities directly trace the formation mechanisms and dynamical histories of substellar companions. Here, we study the effect of hyperpriors on the population-level eccentricity distributions inferred for the sample of directly imaged substellar companions (brown dwarfs and cold Jupiters) from hierarchical Bayesian modeling (HBM). We find that the choice of hyperprior can have a significant impact on the population-level eccentricity distribution inferred for imaged companions, an effect that becomes more important as the sample size and orbital coverage decrease to values that mirror the existing sample. We reanalyse the current observational sample of imaged giant planets in the 5-100 AU range from Bowler et al. (2020) and find that the underlying eccentricity distribution implied by the imaged planet sample is broadly consistent with the eccentricity distribution for close-in exoplanets detected using radial velocities. Furthermore, our analysis supports the conclusion from that study that long-period giant planets and brown dwarf eccentricity distributions differ by showing that it is robust to the choice of hyperprior. We release our HBM and forward modeling code in an open-source Python package, ePop!, and make it freely available to the community.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Perturbative Understanding of Non-Perturbative Processes and Quantumization versus Classicalization
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Eisemann, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In some instances of study of quantum evolution of classical backgrounds it is considered inevitable to resort to non-perturbative methods at the price of treating the system semiclassically. We show that a fully quantum perturbative treatment, in which the background is resolved as a multi-particle state, recovers the semiclassical non-perturbative results and allows going beyond. We reproduce particle-creation by a classical field in a theory of two scalars as well as in scalar QED in terms of scattering processes of high multiplicity. The multi-particle treatment also gives a transparent picture of why a single-process transition from a classical to a quantum state, which we call quantumization, is exponentially suppressed, whereas the opposite process, classicalization, can take place swiftly if the microstate degeneracy of the classical state is high. An example is provided by the $N$-graviton portrait of a black hole: a black hole can form efficiently via a $2\to N$ classicalization process in the collision of high-energy particles but its quantumization via a decay $N \to 2$ is exponentially suppressed.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures;
FHL3 negatively regulates C2C12 myotube formation via regulation of MyoD transcriptional activity
Creators: name: Cottle., Denny Luke
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Forecasts for cosmological measurements based on the angular power spectra of AGN and clusters of galaxies in the SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey
Creators: name: Bykov, S. D.
name: Gilfanov, M. R.
name: Sunyaev, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abstract abridged. The eROSITA X-ray telescope aboard the SRG orbital observatory, in the course of its all-sky survey, is expected to detect about three million active galactic nuclei (AGN) and hundred thousand clusters and groups of galaxies. Such a sample complemented with redshift information, will open a new window into the studies of the Large-Scale structure (LSS) of the Universe and the determination of its cosmological parameters. The purpose of this work is to assess the prospects of cosmological measurements with the eROSITA sample of AGN and clusters of galaxies. We assume the availability of photometric redshift measurements for eROSITA sources and explore the impact of their quality on our forecasts. We use the redshift-resolved angular power spectrum of objects. We use a Fisher-matrix formalism and assume flat LambdaCDM cosmology to forecast the constraining power. We compute the LSS-relevant characteristics of AGN and clusters in the framework of the halo model and their X-ray luminosity functions. We find that the accuracy of photometric redshift estimates has a more profound effect on cosmological measurements than the fraction of catastrophic errors. Under realistic assumptions about the photometric redshift quality, the marginalized errors on the cosmological parameters achieve 1 - 10% accuracy depending on the cosmological priors used from other experiments. The statistical significance of BAO detection in angular power spectra of AGN and clusters of galaxies considered individually achieves 5 - 6 sigma. Our results demonstrate that the eROSITA sample of AGN and clusters of galaxies used in combination with currently available photometric redshift estimates will provide cosmological constraints on a par with dedicated optical LSS surveys.
description: Astronomy & Astrophysics accepted for publication. 16 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. Code available at https://github.com/SergeiDBykov/forecast_clustering
Progress on nuclear modifications of structure functions
Creators: name: Kumano, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report progress on nuclear structure functions, especially on their nuclear modifications and a new tensor structure function for the deuteron. To understand nuclear structure functions is an important step toward describing nuclei and QCD matters from low to high densities and from low to high energies in terms of fundamental quark and gluon degrees of freedom beyond conventional hadron and nuclear physics. It is also practically important for understanding new phenomena in high-energy heavy-ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. Furthermore, since systematic errors of current neutrino-oscillation experiments are dominated by uncertainties of neutrino-nucleus interactions, such studies are valuable for finding new physics beyond current framework. Next, a new tensor-polarized structure function $b_1$ is discussed for the deuteron. There was a measurement by HERMES; however, its data are inconsistent with the conventional convolution estimate based on the standard deuteron model with D-state admixture. This fact suggests that a new hadronic phenomenon should exist in the tensor-polarized deuteron at high energies, and it will be experimentally investigated at JLab from the end of 2010's.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX, 2 style files, 4 eps files, to be published in EPJ-web of Conferences, Sixth International Conference on Physics Opportunities at an Electron-Ion Collider (POETIC6), Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France, September 7-11, 2015
STUDY OF THE STRUCTURAL INFLUENCE ON THE COMPARATIVE SOLUBILITY OF WATER-SOLUBLE POLYSACCHARIDES ISOLATED FROM THE FUNGUS INNONOTUS HISPIDUS GROWING IN THE TERRITORY OF UZBEKISTAN.
Creators: name: Kimsanova, G.S.
name: Normahamatov, N.S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: A study was conducted on the influence of monosaccharide structure on the specific solubility of water-soluble polysaccharides obtained from Innonotus hispidus basidiomycetes, a fungus belonging to the Hymenochetaceae family growing on mulberry trees in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The raw materials were deresinated, purified, and re-extracted with water. The ratio of solubility in various solvents was determined, with the highest solubility observed in the ratio of Arabinose and Xylose compounds, reaching 12.5%. These studies will serve as a basis for further investigation of the biological activity of this object and its application in medicine and pharmaceuticals.