cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Anal Swab PCR for SARS-CoV-2 with Gastrointestinal Clinical Manifestations and Severity of COVID-19 Infection in Indonesia
Creators: name: Virly Nanda Muzellina
name: Aulia Rizka
name: Murdani Abdullah
name: Juferdy Kurniawan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Indonesia remain high. The virus can bind with ACE2 receptor which is not only found in the lungs, but also in the digestive tract. Thus, it allows SARS-CoV-2 infection in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in gastrointestinal manifestations, and detection of viral RNA on anal swab using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). There hasn’t been similar study about the role of anal swab in Indonesia yet. Therefore this study aims to determine the relationship between SARS-COV-2 anal swab PCR with gastrointestinal clinical manifestations, and the severity of COVID-19 in Indonesia
Automated Classification of Well Test Responses in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Using Unsupervised Machine Learning
Creators: name: Freites, Alfredo
name: Geiger, Sebastian
name: Rongier, Guillaume
name: Corbett, Patrick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Naturally Fractured Reservoirs Characterization
Pressure Derivatives Classification
Machine Learning

description: Understanding the impact of fractures on fluid flow is fundamental for developing geoenergy reservoirs. Pressure Transient Analysis (PTA) could play a key role for fracture characterization purposes if proper links are built between the pressure derivative responses ([endif]-->) and the fracture properties; however, the PTA process is particularly challenging in the presence of fractures because they can manifest in many different [endif]-->. Our work aims at providing a tool for effectively handling the diversity in fracture-induced [endif]--> by automatically classifying them and identifying characteristic patterns in the data. To represent this diversity of [endif]--> in naturally fractured reservoirs, we created a synthetic dataset from numerical simulation that comprised 2560 [endif]-->, corresponding to 10 stochastic realizations of 256 combinations of different fracture intensities and average fracture apertures, organized in two orthogonal fracture sets. To group the [endif]-->, we developed an unsupervised maching learning approach that can distinguish beyond the variable temporality of the signals by leveraging the dynamic time warping algorithm in a k-medoids clustering . Our results suggest that the approach is effective at recognizing similar shapes in the first pressure derivatives if the second pressure derivatives are used as the classification variable. The analysis of the Naturally Fracture Reservoirs dataset indicated that 12 clusters were appropriate to describe the full collection of [endif]-->. We suggest that the respective cluster medoids can be regarded as reference curves for various Naturally Fractured Reservoirs and be used as a guide in the interpretation of real well tests. The classification exercise also allowed us to identify the key geological features that influence the [endif]-->, namely 1) the distance from the wellbore to the closest fracture(s), 2) the local/global fracture connectivity, and 3) the local/global fracture intensity. In? Or as? I think I understand what you mean, but the phrasing makes it unclear. I’m not entirely convinced by the phrasing, and it doesn’t quite capture the idea of using of the second derivative, but the idea is to emphasize a bit more that this is not a common pairing, and turn the focus from what is DTW (a distance function) to why DTW is cool (which I think is more important IMHO).
The Zee-Babu Model revisited in the light of new data
Creators: name: Herrero-Garcia, Juan
name: Nebot, Miguel
name: Rius, Nuria
name: Santamaria, Arcadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update previous analyses of the Zee-Babu model in the light of new data, e.g., the mixing angle $θ_{13}$, the rare decay $μ\to e γ$ and the LHC results. We also analyse the possibility of accommodating the deviations in $Γ(H\to γγ)$ hinted by the LHC experiments, and the stability of the scalar potential. We find that neutrino oscillation data and low energy constraints are still compatible with masses of the extra charged scalars accessible to LHC. Moreover, if any of them is discovered, the model can be falsified by combining the information on the singly and doubly charged scalar decay modes with neutrino data. Conversely, if the neutrino spectrum is found to be inverted and the CP phase $δ\neq π$, the masses of the charged scalars will be well outside the LHC reach.
description: 40 pages, 11 figures. Minor changes, improved RGE discussion; matches published version
Vitamin B6, one-carbon metabolism, and risk of renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Clasen, Joanna
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The incidence of kidney cancer has been increasing over the last several decades. The majority of kidney cancer diagnoses are renal cell carcinoma (RCC), however, evidence on the role of nutrition in RCC risk is unclear. The transsulfuration pathway, part of one-carbon metabolism, requires pyridoxal 5’-phosphate (PLP; the biologically active form of vitamin B6) for the catabolism of homocysteine into cysteine. Several downstream physiological processes rely on one-carbon metabolism, including the oxidative stress response, nucleotide synthesis, and methylation reactions. The overall aim of this thesis is to build a deeper understanding of vitamin B6 and its function as a coenzyme, and explore the role of vitamin B6 as part of one-carbon metabolism in RCC aetiology. This thesis includes a systematic review as well as secondary analysis of data from nested case-control studies from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Results from the systematic review on components of one-carbon metabolism and RCC risk highlighted the sparsity of available data in this area, but pointed to a possible protective role for B vitamins in the folate cycle. A thorough exploration of markers of vitamin B6 status, function, and metabolism found evidence of variation in the associations of these markers with vitamin B6 intake as well as age, body mass index (BMI), alcohol intake, sex and menopause status, and smoking status. Conditional logistic regression models revealed associations with RCC risk for individual transsulfuration metabolites and for pathway-wide profiles of expected metabolite variation. The results of this thesis provide preliminary evidence of a role for one-carbon metabolism, and especially vitamin B6, in RCC development. The findings highlight the complexity of the role of a metabolic system with strict homeostatic regulation in disease aetiology.
Polymer-based additive manufacturing for microwave and millimeter-wave applications
Creators: name: Shin, Sang-Hee
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The objective of this thesis is to investigate the effectiveness of using various low-cost 3-D printing technologies for microwave and mm-wave applications. Different types of 3-D printers are used, and the corresponding printing and post-processing procedures are developed to design and fabricate microwave, mm-wave and quasi-optical components and subsystems. In addition, a bespoke mm-wave single-pixel camera is built for benchmarking a commercial camera, which will be used for characterizing 3-D printed quasi-optical components. Chapter 1 provides an overview of current trends in 3-D printing for microwave and mm-wave applications. A literature survey of components relevant to this dissertation is included. Chapter 2 is an overview of current polymer-based 3-D printing techniques. General information of common additive manufacturing technologies such as fused deposition modelling, vat photopolymerization and material jetting is shown in this chapter. Chapter 3 reviews details on setting-up FDM and vat photopolymerization 3-D printers. Important printing parameters such as layer thickness and build-orientation are discussed in this chapter. Also, detailed post-processing procedures used for fabricating devices described throughout this thesis are given. Finally, a methodology for setting up a safe lab-environment for 3-D printing and post-processing is presented. Chapter 4 introduces a fully 3-D printed 4-elements phased-array operating at Ku-band (12 to 18 GHz). A combination of commercial-level material jetting and a low-cost desktop FDM printer is used to fabricate the antenna body parts and dielectric phase shifters, respectively. Measured performances match well with theoretical and simulated results showing the effectiveness of using the 3-D printing for this application. Chapter 5 covers the design, fabrication and measurement process of quasi-optical components such as horn antennas, mirrors, and RAM for G-band (140 to 220 GHz) applications. In addition, A simple quasi-optical subsystem is 3-D printed to be used for integrating and testing the quasi-optical components. Chapter 6 follows up on the work from Chapter 5 and demonstrates a multi-channel subsystem that integrates various quasi-optical components. Newly customized components such as beamsplitters and convex lenses are integrated with the subsystem. Chapter 7 presents a commercial mm-wave camera benchmarking using a custom-built raster-scanning camera. The mm-wave camera is benchmarked as it is one of the most effective tools when characterizing 3-D printed quasi-optical components such as lens and mirror. The custom-built mm-wave camera will be used for future studies on characterizing or finding defects on various 3-D printed quasi-optical components.
Evidence for a gas-rich major merger in a proto-cluster at z=2.5
Creators: name: Tadaki, Ken-ichi
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Hayashi, Masao
name: Koyama, Yusei
name: Shimakawa, Rhythm
name: Tanaka, Ichi
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Suzuki, Kenta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gas-rich major mergers in high-redshift proto-clusters are important events, perhaps leading to the creation of the slowly rotating remnants seen in the cores of clusters in the present day. Here, we present a deep Jansky Very Large Array observation of CO J = 1-0 emission line in a proto-cluster at z = 2.5, USS1558-003. The target field is an extremely dense region, where 20 H-alpha emitters (HAEs) are clustering. We have successfully detected the CO emission line from three HAEs and discovered a close pair of red and blue CO-emitting HAEs. Given their close proximity (~30 kpc), small velocity offset (~300 km/s), and similar stellar masses, they could be in the early phase of a gas-rich major merger. For the red HAE, we derive a total infrared luminosity of L(IR)=5.1e12 Lsun using MIPS 24 um and radio continuum images. The L(IR)/L'(CO) ratio is significantly enhanced compared to local spirals and high-redshift disks with a similar CO luminosity, which is indicative of a starburst mode. We find the gas depletion timescale is shorter than that of normal star-forming galaxies regardless of adopted CO-H2 conversion factors. The identification of such a rare event suggests that gas-rich major mergers frequently take place in proto-clusters at z > 2 and may involve the formation processes of slow rotators seen in local massive clusters.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted in ApJL
Absence of replica symmetry breaking in the random field Ising model
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown that replica symmetry is not broken in the random field Ising model in any dimension, at any temperature and field strength, except possibly at a measure-zero set of exceptional temperatures and field strengths.
description: 11 pages. To appear in Commun. Math. Phys
High-Chern-number bands and tunable Dirac cones in $β$-graphyne
Creators: name: van Miert, Guido
name: Smith, Cristiane Morais
name: Juricic, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphynes represent an emerging family of carbon allotropes that recently attracted much interest due to the tunability of the Dirac cones in the band structure. Here, we show that the spin-orbit couplings in $β$-graphyne could produce various effects related to the topological properties of its electronic bands. Intrinsic spin-orbit coupling yields high- and tunable Chern-number bands, which may host both topological and Chern insulators, in the presence and absence of time-reversal symmetry, respectively. Furthermore, Rashba spin-orbit coupling can be used to control the position and the number of Dirac cones in the Brillouin zone. These findings suggest that spin-orbit-related physics in $β$-graphyne is very rich, and, in particular, that this system could provide a platform for the realization of a two-dimensional material with tunable topological properties.
description: 5 pages main text + 9 pages supplementary material; published version
Confronting DGP Braneworld Gravity with Cosmic Observations after Planck Data
Creators: name: Xu, Lixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The normal branch of Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati braneworld gravity with brane tension is confronted by the currently available cosmic observations from the geometrical and dynamical perspectives. On the geometrical side, the type Ia supernova as standard candle, the baryon acoustic oscillation as standard ruler and the cosmic microwave background measurement from the first released 15.5 months data were used to fix the background evolutions. On the dynamical side, the redshift space distortion data will be used to determine the evolution of the matter perturbation. Through a Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis, we found the dimensionless crossover scale $Ω_{r_c}=1/(4H^2_0r^2_{c})=0.00183_{-0.00183}^{+0.000338}$ in a spatially flat normal branch of Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati braneworld. This result suggests that the crossover scale $r_c$ should be around $12H^{-1}_0$ which is consistent with the previous result $r_c>3H^{-1}_0$ and greater. It also implies that the five-dimensional gravity effect is weak to be observed in $H^{-1}_0$ scale.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, match the published version
An investigation into the surgical management of ulcerative colitis
Creators: name: Worley, Guy H. T.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Ulcerative colitis is the most common inflammatory bowel disease and follows a life-long relapsing remitting course. A significant minority of patients require surgery and this thesis aims to investigate areas for improvement at all stages of the patient’s journey through the surgical management of ulcerative colitis; from colectomy through potential restorative surgery, pouch dysfunction and eventual failure. Several methodologies have been employed, starting with epidemiological investigations of colectomy and restorative surgery, through clinical studies of novel imaging investigations, and tertiary centre data for subspecialist pouch excision. Nationwide data have been interrogated to investigate epidemiological trends regarding colectomy rates and the nuances of contemporary medical salvage and subsequent colectomy. Nationwide data from England and Sweden were compared to quantify the very different approach to restorative surgery in two similar healthcare systems. In Sweden the rate of restorative surgery after colectomy reached 46%, compared with 33% in England. This finding was associated with the restorative procedure being an ileoanal pouch in 92% of the English patients, versus an ileorectal anastomosis in 59% of the Swedish. Pelvic sepsis, mostly from pouch-anal anastomotic leak, is the main cause of ileoanal pouch dysfunction. A systematic review of the management of pouch septic complications was undertaken to identify areas for improvement. It was noted that routine imaging for early identification of pelvic sepsis is rare, and that there is an appreciable burden of asymptomatic anastomotic leaks diagnosed late at the time of de-functioning ileostomy reversal. This gave rise to two clinical studies of novel MRI investigations to improve the assessment of anastomotic integrity and pouch dysfunction, providing early normative data and a foundation for larger studies. Ileoanal pouch excision for pouch failure is a relatively rare procedure with a large local series at St Mark’s. The local cohort data were utilised to investigate the morbidity and mortality associated with this procedure and establish the long-term perineal healing rate. An IDEAL stage 2 study was designed, with ethics committee and funding approval, to prospectively evaluate the single stapled double purse string pouch anal anastomosis in comparison to the double stapled standard, ‘A Comparison of Anastomotic Interventions in a PRospective Cohort of ILeal Pouch Surgical Patients’ (CIRCILS).
silk_glb_files_Mingei
Creators: name: Karuzaki, Effie
name: Partarakis, Nikolaos
name: Zabulis, Xenophon
name: Doulgeraki, Paraskevi
name: Evdaimon, Theodor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mingei
Krefeld
Silk
Haus der Seidenkultur
3D models

description: Documentation material from the Mingei project
Oestrogen-mediated control of the bone marrow microenvironment
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Julia Alisone
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The bone microenvironment (BM) is highly heterogeneous and is altered significantly during our lifespan. Blood vessels in the bone provide specialised niches that support processes such as osteogenesis, haematopoiesis and adipogenesis. The function of the female hormone, oestrogen has been attributed to bone remodelling during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause. However, the role that oestrogen signalling plays in the bone endothelium and its subsequent changes in the bone microenvironment have not been well understood. The results in this thesis show that systemic oestrogen administration promotes bone angiogenesis and osteogenesis and inhibits adipogenesis. These micro-environmental changes correspond to the changes observed with a physiological oestrogen surge during pregnancy and its depletion during menopause and ageing. Blood vessel physiology during pregnancy, menopause and ageing is regulated by oestrogen signalling via oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1 (Gper1) but is not dependent on oestrogen receptor beta (ERβ), characterised using endothelial-specific transgenic mouse models. Interestingly, gene expression analysis of young bone endothelial cells (EC) revealed minor sex differences regarding endothelial cell metabolism. Metabolic analyses show increased active mitochondria in adult males compared to females; and demonstrate the role of oestrogen in reducing mitochondrial function. Additionally, glycolytic and mitochondrial stress tests indicate that oestrogen promotes a glycolysis- and oxidative phosphorylation-independent energy metabolism without mitochondrial perturbation. Further characterisation of EC metabolic requirements led to the discovery of fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) being the primary energy source, more so promoted by oestrogen, drawing FAs from BM adipocyte lipolysis. Oestrogen-deplete conditions such as menopause and ageing lead to the accumulation of ferroptosis-induced lipid peroxides (LPO) due to impaired lipid metabolism when angiogenic type H vessels are lost, with an increase in intracellular ferrous ions. Finally, the novel use of the antioxidant Liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1) closely mimics oestrogenic action in alleviating harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibiting LPO generation, by restoring angiogenic type H vessels and stimulating bone formation in aged mice. The findings strongly suggest the use of Lip-1 as a potential therapeutic agent in treating post-menopausal osteoporosis as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy.
Free Applicative Functors
Creators: name: Capriotti, Paolo
name: Kaposi, Ambrus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Applicative functors are a generalisation of monads. Both allow the expression of effectful computations into an otherwise pure language, like Haskell. Applicative functors are to be preferred to monads when the structure of a computation is fixed a priori. That makes it possible to perform certain kinds of static analysis on applicative values. We define a notion of free applicative functor, prove that it satisfies the appropriate laws, and that the construction is left adjoint to a suitable forgetful functor. We show how free applicative functors can be used to implement embedded DSLs which can be statically analysed.
description: In Proceedings MSFP 2014, arXiv:1406.1534
Ultrafast transition between exciton phases in van der Waals heterostructures
Creators: name: Merkl, Philipp
name: Mooshammer, Fabian
name: Steinleitner, Philipp
name: Girnghuber, Anna
name: Lin, K. -Q.
name: Nagler, Philipp
name: Holler, Johannes
name: Schüller, Christian
name: Lupton, John M.
name: Korn, Tobias
name: Ovesen, S.
name: Brem, S.
name: Malic, Ermin
name: Huber, Rupert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Heterostructures of atomically thin van der Waals bonded monolayers have opened a unique platform to engineer Coulomb correlations, shaping excitonic1,2,3, Mott insulating4 or superconducting phases5,6. In transition metal dichalcogenide heterostructures7, electrons and holes residing in different monolayers can bind into spatially indirect excitons1,3,8,9,10,11 with a strong potential for optoelectronics11,12, valleytronics1,3,13, Bose condensation14, superfluidity14,15 and moiré-induced nanodot lattices16. Yet these ideas require a microscopic understanding of the formation, dissociation and thermalization dynamics of correlations including ultrafast phase transitions. Here we introduce a direct ultrafast access to Coulomb correlations between monolayers, where phase-locked mid-infrared pulses allow us to measure the binding energy of interlayer excitons in WSe2/WS2 hetero-bilayers by revealing a novel 1s–2p resonance, explained by a fully quantum mechanical model. Furthermore, we trace, with subcycle time resolution, the transformation of an exciton gas photogenerated in the WSe2 layer directly into interlayer excitons. Depending on the stacking angle, intra- and interlayer species coexist on picosecond scales and the 1s–2p resonance becomes renormalized. Our work provides a direct measurement of the binding energy of interlayer excitons and opens the possibility to trace and control correlations in novel artificial materials.
Multibranch pulse synthesis and electro-optic detection of subcycle multi-terahertz electric fields
Creators: name: Merkl, Philipp
name: Knorr, Matthias
name: Meineke, Christian
name: Kastner, Lukas Z.
name: Peller, Dominik
name: Huber, Rupert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften
subject: 530 Physik

description: We present a robust, compact pulse synthesis scheme generating intense phase-locked subcycle multi-terahertz waveforms. The ultrabroadband laser fundamental is split into two parallel branches driving optical rectification in crystals of GaSe and LiGaS2, each operated at the group velocity matching point. The coherent combination of the resulting pulses yields a continuous multi-terahertz spectrum covering 1.5 optical octaves. The corresponding 0.8-cycle electric field waveform is directly mapped out by electro-optic sampling, revealing peak fields of 15 kV/cm at a repetition rate of 0.4 MHz. The multiplexable and power scalable scheme opens the door to strong-field custom-tailored waveforms driving nonlinear optics and light wave electronics.
Pflanzenschutz im Biogemüsebau. Krankheits- und Schädlingsregulierung im Freilandanbau
Creators: name: Vieweger, Anja
name: Hauenstein, Samuel
name: Koller, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: biologischer Landbau
biologischer Gemüsebau
biologischer Pflanzenschutz

description: Das Merkblatt zeigt die Möglichkeiten zur vorbeugenden Regulierung von Krankheiten und Schädlingen im biologischen Freilandanbau von Gemüse auf und gibt Anwendungsempfehlungen für direkte Massnahmen nach dem Befall. Für drei typische Freilandkulturen werden konkrete Regulierungsmassnahmen vorgestellt.
Movement Prediction Using Accelerometers in a Human Population
Creators: name: Xiao, Luo
name: He, Bing
name: Koster, Annemarie
name: Caserotti, Paolo
name: Lange-Maia, Brittney
name: Glynn, Nancy W.
name: Harris, Tamara
name: Crainiceanu, Ciprian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce statistical methods for predicting the types of human activity at sub-second resolution using triaxial accelerometry data. The major innovation is that we use labeled activity data from some subjects to predict the activity labels of other subjects. To achieve this, we normalize the data across subjects by matching the standing up and lying down portions of triaxial accelerometry data. This is necessary to account for differences between the variability in the position of the device relative to gravity, which are induced by body shape and size as well as by the ambiguous definition of device placement. We also normalize the data at the device level to ensure that the magnitude of the signal at rest is similar across devices. After normalization we use overlapping movelets (segments of triaxial accelerometry time series) extracted from some of the subjects to predict the movement type of the other subjects. The problem was motivated by and is applied to a laboratory study of 20 older participants who performed different activities while wearing accelerometers at the hip. Prediction results based on other people's labeled dictionaries of activity performed almost as well as those obtained using their own labeled dictionaries. These findings indicate that prediction of activity types for data collected during natural activities of daily living may actually be possible.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures
Correspondence of I- and Q-balls as Non-relativistic Condensates
Creators: name: Mukaida, Kyohei
name: Takimoto, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If a real scalar field is dominated by non-relativistic modes, then it approximately conserves its particle number and obeys an equation that governs a complex scalar field theory with a conserved global U(1) symmetry. From this fact, it is shown that the I-ball (oscillon) can be naturally understood as a projection (e.g., real part) of the non-relativistic Q-ball solution. In particular, we clarify that the stability of the I-ball is guaranteed by the U(1) symmetry in the corresponding complex scalar field theory as long as the non-relativistic condition holds. We also discuss the longevity of I-ball from the perspective of the complex scalar field in terms of U(1) charge violating processes.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure; v2: published version
Deep Learning Framework for Trajectory Prediction and In-time Prognostics in the Terminal Airspace
Creators: name: Sudarsanan, Varun S
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aerospace engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Terminal airspace around an airport is the biggest bottleneck for commercial operations in the National Airspace System (NAS). In order to prognosticate the safety status of the terminal airspace, effective prediction of the airspace evolution is necessary. While there are fixed procedural structures for managing operations at an airport, the confluence of a large number of aircraft and the complex interactions between the pilots and air traffic controllers make it challenging to predict its evolution. Modeling the high-dimensional spatio-temporal interactions in the airspace given different environmental and infrastructural constraints is necessary for effective predictions of future aircraft trajectories that characterize the airspace state at any given moment. A novel deep learning architecture using Graph Neural Networks is proposed to predict trajectories of aircraft 10 minutes into the future and estimate prog?nostic metrics for the airspace. The uncertainty in the future is quantified by predicting distributions of future trajectories instead of point estimates. The framework’s viability for trajectory prediction and prognosis is demonstrated with terminal airspace data from Dallas Fort Worth International Airport (DFW).
Gamma-Ray Burst Prompt Emission Light Curves and Power Density Spectra in the ICMART Model
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we simulate the prompt emission light curves of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) within the framework of the Internal-Collision-induced MAgnetic Reconnection and Turbulence (ICMART) model. This model applies to GRBs with a moderately-high magnetization parameter $σ$ in the emission region. We show that this model can produce highly variable light curves with both fast and slow components. The rapid variability is caused by many locally Doppler-boosted mini-emitters due to turbulent magnetic reconnection in a moderately-high-$σ$ flow. The run-away growth and subsequent depletion of these mini-emitters as a function time define a broad slow component for each ICMART event. A GRB light curve is usually composed of multiple ICMART events that are fundamentally driven by the erratic GRB central engine activity. Allowing variations of the model parameters, one is able to reproduce a variety of light curves and the power density spectra as observed.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, matches published version
Constraints on the Progenitor System of the Type Ia Supernova 2014J from Pre-Explosion Hubble Space Telescope Imaging
Creators: name: Kelly, Patrick L.
name: Fox, Ori D.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Prato, Lisa
name: Schaefer, Gail
name: Shen, Ken J.
name: Zheng, WeiKang
name: Graham, Melissa L.
name: Tucker, Brad E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain the properties of the progenitor system of the highly reddened Type Ia supernova (SN) 2014J in Messier 82 (M82; d ~ 3.5 Mpc). We determine the SN location using Keck-II K-band adaptive optics images, and we find no evidence for flux from a progenitor system in pre-explosion near-ultraviolet through near-infrared Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. Our upper limits exclude systems having a bright red giant companion, including symbiotic novae with luminosities comparable to that of RS Ophiuchi. While the flux constraints are also inconsistent with predictions for comparatively cool He-donor systems (T < ~35,000 K), we cannot preclude a system similar to V445 Puppis. The progenitor constraints are robust across a wide range of R_V and A_V values, but significantly greater values than those inferred from the SN light curve and spectrum would yield proportionally brighter luminosity limits. The comparatively faint flux expected from a binary progenitor system consisting of white dwarf stars would not have been detected in the pre-explosion HST imaging. Infrared HST exposures yield more stringent constraints on the luminosities of very cool (T < 3000 K) companion stars than was possible in the case of SN Ia 2011fe.
description: Accepted by ApJ 14 May 2014 with only minor revisions
Parafermions in the tau-2 model
Creators: name: Au-Yang, Helen
name: Perk, Jacques H. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown recently by Baxter that the $τ_2(t_q)$ model with open boundary conditions can be solved by the "parafermionic" method of Fendley. In Baxter's paper there are several conjectures, which were formulated based on numerical short-chain calculations. Here we present the proof of two of them.
description: 21 pages, 1figure; uses iopart.cls with the iopams, amssymb and graphicx packages; also uses overunderset.sty (provided). vs 2: Explanations added and errors corrected, vs 3: More explanations added including Appendix B, vs 4: Expanded Appendix B, vs 5: Reference and links added
Temporal and spectral fingerprints of ultrafast all-coherent spin switching
Creators: name: Schlauderer, Stefan
name: Lange, Christoph
name: Baierl, Sebastian
name: Ebnet, Thomas
name: Schmid, Christoph P.
name: Valovcin, D. C.
name: Zvezdin, A. K.
name: Kimel, A. V.
name: Mikhaylovskiy, R. V.
name: Huber, Rupert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Future information technology demands ever-faster, low-loss quantum control. Intense light fields have facilitated milestones along this way, including the induction of novel states of matter1,2,3, ballistic acceleration of electrons4,5,6,7 and coherent flipping of the valley pseudospin8. These dynamics leave unique ‘fingerprints’, such as characteristic bandgaps or high-order harmonic radiation. The fastest and least dissipative way of switching the technologically most important quantum attribute—the spin—between two states separated by a potential barrier is to trigger an all-coherent precession. Experimental and theoretical studies with picosecond electric and magnetic fields have suggested this possibility9,10,11, yet observing the actual spin dynamics has remained out of reach. Here we show that terahertz electromagnetic pulses allow coherent steering of spins over a potential barrier, and we report the corresponding temporal and spectral fingerprints. This goal is achieved by coupling spins in antiferromagnetic TmFeO3 (thulium orthoferrite) with the locally enhanced terahertz electric field of custom-tailored antennas. Within their duration of one picosecond, the intense terahertz pulses abruptly change the magnetic anisotropy and trigger a large-amplitude ballistic spin motion. A characteristic phase flip, an asymmetric splitting of the collective spin resonance and a long-lived offset of the Faraday signal are hallmarks of coherent spin switching into adjacent potential minima, in agreement with numerical simulations. The switchable states can be selected by an external magnetic bias. The low dissipation and the antenna’s subwavelength spatial definition could facilitate scalable spin devices operating at terahertz rates.
Sex-related communicative functions of voice spectral energy in human chorusing
Creators: name: Keller, Peter
name: Lee, Jennifer
name: König, Rasmus
name: Novembre, Giacomo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: music
vocal expression
Human evolution
Social cognition
Nonverbal communication
chorusing

description: Music is a human communicative art whose evolutionary origins may lie in capacities that support cooperation and/or competition. A mixed account favoring simultaneous cooperation and competition draws on analogous interactive displays produced by collectively signalling non-human animals (e.g., crickets and frogs). In these displays, rhythmically coordinated calls serve as a beacon whereby groups of males "cooperatively" attract potential female mates, while the likelihood of each male competitively attracting an actual mate depends on the precedence of his signal. Human behaviour consistent with the mixed account was previously observed in a renowned boys choir, where the basses—the oldest boys with the deepest voices—boosted their acoustic prominence by increasing energy in a high-frequency band of the vocal spectrum when girls were in an otherwise male audience. The current study tested female and male sensitivity and preferences for this subtle vocal modulation in online listening tasks. Results indicate that while female and male listeners are similarly sensitive to enhanced high-spectral energy elicited by the presence of female audience members, only female listeners exhibit a reliable preference for it. Findings suggest that human chorusing is a flexible form of social communicative behavior that allows simultaneous group cohesion and sexually motivated competition.
description: Funding provided by: Australian Research CouncilCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/05mmh0f86Award Number: FT140101162
Funding provided by: Danish National Research FoundationCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/00znyv691Award Number: DNRF117
Funding provided by: European Research CouncilCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/0472cxd90Award Number: ERC StG Musicom
Creating One-dimensional Nanoscale Periodic Ripples in a Continuous Mosaic Graphene Monolayer
Creators: name: Bai, Ke-Ke
name: Zhou, Yu
name: Zheng, Hong
name: Meng, Lan
name: Peng, Hailin
name: Liu, Zhongfan
name: Nie, Jia-Cai
name: He, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous studies, it proved difficult to realize periodic graphene ripples with wavelengths of few nanometers. Here we show that one-dimensional periodic graphene ripples with wavelengths from 2 nm to tens of nanometers can be implemented in the intrinsic areas of a continuous mosaic, locally N-doped, graphene monolayer by simultaneously using both the thermal strain engineering and the anisotropic surface stress of Cu substrate. Our result indicates that the constraint imposed at the boundaries between the intrinsic and the N-doped regions play a vital role in creating these 1D ripples. We also demonstrate that the observed rippling modes are beyond the descriptions of continuum mechanics due to the decoupling of graphene bending and tensional deformations. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements indicate that the nanorippling generates a periodic electronic superlattice and opens a zero-energy gap of about 130 meV in graphene. This result may pave a facile way for tailoring the structures and electronic properties of graphene.
description: 4 Figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
title: Accommodations, Inclusion, and Communication With Students With Disabilities in the Music Classroom
Creators: name: Wilson, Cora M.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this study was to learn how music educators create inclusivity in their classroom and how to better do that without potentially alienating the students with disabilities. For this study, inclusivity is defined as providing an equal opportunity for participation and education in the classroom. It is also to bring more awareness to disabilities and how they can and should be managed in the classroom. The goal for this study is to aid in informing educators on how to enable students with disabilities to be included without feeling alienated or having undue attention drawn to them.

As the study is focused on strategies to work with students with disabilities, the subjects in this study were PreK-12 music educators. The music educators in this study had varied levels of teaching experience. The age of the subjects ranged from 21 to 69 years.

The subjects answered questions on communication with and about students with disabilities, the inclusivity of their music classroom, and about their observation of their students’ feelings of alienation. These questions were intended to provide data on what is being done currently in the music classroom for and to students with disabilities

Most of the music educator subjects stated that they work hard to include their students with disabilities and accommodate them. The music educators felt that they had the ability to communicate with and about their students with disabilities and were adequately educated to communicate with their students with disabilities and about their students with disabilities.
Changing minds about electric cars: An empirically grounded agent-based modeling approach
Creators: name: Wolf, Ingo
name: Schroeder, Tobias
name: Neumann, Jochen
name: de Haan, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs) is considered an effective policy strategy to meet greenhouse gas reduction targets. For large-scale adoption, however, demand-side oriented policy measures are required, based on consumers transport needs, values and social norms. We introduce an empirically grounded, spatially explicit, agent-based model, InnoMind Innovation diffusion driven by changing Minds), to simulate the effects of policy interventions and social influence on consumers transport mode preferences. The agents in this model represent individual consumers. They are calibrated based on empirically derived attributes and characteristics of survey respondents. We model agent decision-making with artificial neural networks that account for the role of emotions in information processing. We present simulations of 4 scenarios for the diffusion of EVs in the city of Berlin, Germany (3 policy scenarios and 1 base case). The results illustrate the varying effectiveness of measures in different market segments and the need for appropriate policies tailored to the heterogeneous needs of different travelers. Moreover, the simulations suggest that introducing an exclusive zone for EVs in the city would accelerate the early-phase diffusion of EVs more effectively than financial incentives only.
Searching for $γ$-Ray Pulsars among Fermi Unassociated Sources: 2FGL J1906.5+0720
Creators: name: Xing, Yi
name: Wang, Zhongxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results from our analysis of the \textit{Fermi} Large Area Telescope data of the \textit{Fermi} unassociated source 2FGL J1906.5$+$0720, which is a high-ranked candidate pulsar. In order to better study our target, we first update the ephemeris for PSR J1907$+$0602, which is used to help remove any possible contamination due to strong emission from this nearby pulsar. From our analysis, 2FGL J1906.5$+$0720 is confirmed to have a significant low energy cutoff at $\sim$ 1~GeV in its emission (14$σ$--18$σ$ significance), consistent with those seen in young pulsars. We search for pulsations but no spin frequency signals are found in a frequency range of 0.5--32 Hz. No single model can fully describe the source's overall \fermi\ $γ$-ray spectrum, and the reason for this is the excess emission detected at energies of $\geq$4 GeV. The high-energy component possibly indicates emission from a pulsar wind nebula, when considering 2FGL J1906.5$+$0720 as a young pulsar. We conclude that 2FGL J1906.5$+$0720 is likely a pulsar based on the emission properties we have obtained, and observations at other energies are needed in order to confirm its pulsar nature.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Noncommutative SO(2,3) gauge theory and noncommutative gravity
Creators: name: Dimitrijevic, Marija
name: Radovanovic, Voja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper noncommutative gravity is constructed as a gauge theory of the noncommutative SO(2,3) group, while the noncommutativity is canonical (constant). The Seiberg-Witten map is used to express noncommutative fields in terms of the corresponding commutative fields. The commutative limit of the model is the Einstein-Hilbert action with the cosmological constant term and the topological Gauss-Bonnet term. We calculate the second order correction to this model and obtain terms that are of zeroth to fourth power in the curvature tensor and torsion. Trying to relate our results with $f(R)$ and $f(T)$ models, we analyze different limits of our model. In the limit of big cosmological constant and vanishing torsion we obtain a $x$-dependent correction to the cosmological constant, i.e. noncommutativity leads to a $x$-dependent cosmological constant. We also discuss the limit of small cosmological constant and vanishing torsion and the teleparallel limit.
description: 1+19 pages, no figures, published version
Intra-Cluster Light at the Frontier: Abell 2744
Creators: name: Montes, Mireia
name: Trujillo, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultra-deep multiwavelength HST Frontier Fields coverage of the Abell Cluster 2744 is used to derive the stellar population properties of its intra-cluster light (ICL). The restframe colors of the ICL of this intermediate redshift (z=0.3064) massive cluster are bluer (g-r=0.68+-0.04; i-J=0.56+-0.01) than those found in the stellar populations of its main galaxy members (g-r=0.83+-0.01; i-J=0.75+-0.01). Based on these colors, we derive the following mean metallicity Z=0.018+-0.007 for the ICL. The ICL age is 6+-3 Gyr younger than the average age of the most massive galaxies of the cluster. The fraction of stellar mass in the ICL component comprises at least 6% of the total stellar mass of the galaxy cluster. Our data is consistent with a scenario where the bulk of the ICL of Abell 2744 has been formed relatively recently (z<1). The stellar population properties of the ICL suggest that this diffuse component is mainly the result of the disruption of infalling galaxies with similar characteristics in mass (M*~ 3x10^10 Msolar) and metallicity than our own Milky Way. The amount of ICL mass in the central part of the cluster (<400 kpc) is equivalent to the disruption of 4-6 Milky Way-type galaxies.
description: 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ