cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Numerical study on turbulence modulation of finite-size particles in plane-Couette flow
Creators: name: Wang, Cheng
name: Jiang, Linfeng
name: Sun, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent plane-Couette flow suspended with finite-size spheroidal particles is studied using fully particle-resolved direct numerical simulations. The effects of particle aspect ratio on turbulent arguments and particle statistics are explored, leading to the same conclusions as the previous experimental findings \citep{wang2022finite}. By performing stress analysis, we find that the presence of particles introduces extra stresses to the system and accounts for the global drag increases. The particle-laden flow cases exhibit spectra that are consistent with the scaling of $k^{-5/3}$ and $k^{-3}$ in the large and small scales, respectively. While the $k^{-3}$ scaling observed in the particle-laden flow is reminiscent of bubbly flow, an examination of the particle Reynolds number suggests that the mechanism responsible may not be attributable to the pseudo-turbulence induced by particles as in the case of bubbles. In the view of particle statistics, we observe that spherical and non-spherical particles preferentially cluster in the near-wall and the bulk region, respectively, and that the orientations of non-spherical particles are affected by their aspect ratios, especially in the near-wall region. The present numerical results, combined with previous experimental findings in \cite{wang2022finite}, provide in-depth information on both the fluid and the particle phase, contributing to a better understanding of particle suspension in shear flows.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures
Additional file 6 of Optimisation of the core subset for the APY approximation of genomic relationships
Creators: name: Pocrnic, Ivan
name: Lindgren, Finn
name: Tolhurst, Daniel
name: Herring, William O.
name: Gorjanc, Gregor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 6. Number of preconditioned conjugate gradient rounds (PCG) to convergence in pigs. PCG convergence criterion was set to 10−12 and was run using the BLUP90IOD2 software executed in The University of Edinburgh High-Performance Computing environment.
Massive conformal gravity
Creators: name: Faria, F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we construct a massive theory of gravity that is invariant under conformal transformations. The massive action of the theory depend on the metric tensor and a scalar field, which are considered as the only field variables. We find the vacuum field equations of the theory and the solution of its Newtonian limit.
description: v2: 6 pages, some missing terms were added in the field equation (7). v3: 9 pages, several improvements to match the published version
Distribution of cracks in a chain of atoms at low temperature
Creators: name: Jansen, Sabine
name: König, Wolfgang
name: Schmidt, Bernd
name: Theil, Florian
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Equilibrium statistical mechanics
subject: atomistic models of elasticity
subject: fracture
subject: lattice gas of defects
subject: 82B21
subject: 74B20
subject: 74G65
subject: 60F10

description: We consider a one-dimensional classical many-body system with interaction potential of Lennard--Jones type in the thermodynamic limit at low temperature 1/β ∈ (0, ∞). The ground state is a periodic lattice. We show that when the density is strictly smaller than the density of the ground state lattice, the system with N particles fills space by alternating approximately crystalline domains (clusters) with empty domains (voids) due to cracked bonds. The number of domains is of the order of N exp(-β e surf /2) with e surf > 0 a surface energy.
A Common Origin for Ridge-and-Trough Terrain on Icy Satellites by Sluggish Lid Convection
Creators: name: Barr, Amy C.
name: Hammond, Noah P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ridge-and-trough terrain is a common landform on outer Solar System icy satellites. Examples include Ganymede's grooved terrain, Europa's gray bands, Miranda's coronae, and several terrains on Enceladus. The conditions associated with the formation of each of these terrains are similar: heat flows of order tens to a hundred milliwatts per meter squared, and deformation rates of order $10^{-16}$ to $10^{-12}$ s$^{-1}$. Our prior work shows that the conditions associated with the formation of these terrains on Ganymede and the south pole of Enceladus are consistent with vigorous solid-state ice convection in a shell with a weak surface. We show that sluggish lid convection, an intermediate regime between the isoviscous and stagnant lid regimes, can create the heat flow and deformation rates appropriate for ridge and trough formation on a number of satellites, regardless of the ice shell thickness. For convection to deform their surfaces, the ice shells must have yield stresses similar in magnitude to the daily tidal stresses. Tidal and convective stresses deform the surface, and the spatial pattern of tidal cracking controls the locations of ridge-and-trough terrain.
description: 45 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors
Thermodynamic schemes of charged BTZ-like black holes in arbitrary dimensions
Creators: name: Dehghani, Ali
name: Pourhassan, Behnam
name: Zarepour, Soodeh
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate thermodynamic schemes of charged BTZ-like black holes in arbitrary dimensions, namely higher-dimensional charged black holes in which the electromagnetic sector exhibits the same properties with that of the usual three-dimensional BTZ solution. We first present the Euclidean on-shell action in arbitrary dimensions, inserting a radial cutoff. We then extract the corresponding thermodynamic quantities from the semi-classical partition function in different ensembles and find that there exist two possible thermodynamic schemes, with different outcomes. Regarding the traditional scheme (scheme I), where the length cutoff is identified with the AdS radius, we show that charged BTZ-like black holes are super-entropic, namely they violate the reverse isoperimetric inequality conjecture, and their super-entropicity is strongly connected to a fundamental thermodynamic instability. This class of solutions is the first demonstration of super-entropic black holes which possess second-order critical points and, since thermodynamic instabilities always arise, it is not possible to physically interpret the corresponding van der Waals critical phenomenon in this scheme. In the second scheme (II) where the length cutoff is considered as an independent variable, namely the system respects the conjectured reverse isoperimetric inequality, we show that the solutions are thermodynamically stable in an ensemble where the length cutoff is kept fixed, and hence one can provide an explanation for the van der Waals critical phenomenon. Furthermore, in order to verify the consistency of the second scheme, we study the Joule-Thomson expansion and we extract the Joule-Thomson coefficient, the inversion temperature, the inversion curves, and the isenthalpic curves. The results indicate that this class of AdS black holes can be considered as interacting statistical systems. Additionally, ...
description: The published version with 26 pages and 7 figures. But here (the latest arXiv version) 2 new footnotes with 4 new references were added
Conceptual and diagnostic definitions for tuberculosis (TB) stages: a scoping review.
Creators: name: Zaidi, Syed
name: Esmail, Hanif
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Mycobacterium tuberculosis

description: This scoping review aims to describe terminology, conceptual and diagnostic definitions utilized to describe the spectrum of TB stages in published medical literature. The scoping review will attempt to categorize TB into distinct stages based on existing evidence.
COOL-LAMPS III: Discovery of a 25".9 Separation Quasar Lensed by a Merging Galaxy Cluster
Creators: name: Martinez, Michael N.
name: Napier, Kate A.
name: Cloonan, Aidan P.
name: Sukay, Ezra
name: Gozman, Katya
name: Merz, Kaiya
name: Khullar, Gourav
name: Lin, Jason J.
name: Acuña, Owen S. Matthews
name: Medina, Elisabeth
name: Sanchez, Jorge A.
name: Sisco, Emily E.
name: Stein, Daniel J. Kavin
name: Tavangar, Kiyan
name: Gonzàlez, Juan Remolina
name: Mahler, Guillaume
name: Sharon, Keren
name: Dahle, Håkon
name: Gladders, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the third paper from the COOL-LAMPS Collaboration, we report the discovery of COOL J0542-2125, a gravitationally lensed quasar at $z=1.84$, observed as three images due to an intervening massive galaxy cluster at $z=0.61$. The lensed quasar images were identified in a search for lens systems in recent public optical imaging data and have separations on the sky up to 25".9, wider than any previously known lensed quasar. The galaxy cluster acting as a strong lens appears to be in the process of merging, with two sub-clusters separated by $\sim 1$ Mpc in the plane of the sky, and their central galaxies showing a radial velocity difference of $\sim 1000$ km/s. Both cluster cores show strongly lensed images of an assortment of background sources, as does the region between them. A preliminary strong lens model implies masses of $M(<250\ \rm{kpc}) = 1.79^{+0.16} _{-0.01} \times 10^{14} M_{\odot}$ and $M(<250\ \rm{kpc}) = 1.48^{+0.04}_{-0.10} \times 10^{14} M_{\odot}$ for the East and West sub-clusters, respectively. This line of sight is also coincident with a ROSAT ALL-sky Survey source, centered between the two confirmed cluster halos reminiscent of other major cluster-scale mergers.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to ApJ
Fernando Félix Lopes, Santo António de Lisboa Doutor Evangélico, 5.ª ed., Ed. Franciscana, Braga 1992, 348 pp., 175X120, ISBN 972-9190-19-4
Creators: name: Arieiro, José
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1994

description: Theologica, v. 29 n. 2 (1994): Santuários marianos | Braga e Viana do Castelo
A Post-Training Framework for Improving Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Yang, Cheng
name: Gong, Xumeng
name: Shi, Chuan
name: Yu, Philip S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent years have witnessed the success of heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs) in modeling heterogeneous information networks (HINs). In this paper, we focus on the benchmark task of HGNNs, i.e., node classification, and empirically find that typical HGNNs are not good at predicting the label of a test node whose receptive field (1) has few training nodes from the same category or (2) has multiple training nodes from different categories. A possible explanation is that their message passing mechanisms may involve noises from different categories, and cannot fully explore task-specific knowledge such as the label dependency between distant nodes. Therefore, instead of introducing a new HGNN model, we propose a general post-training framework that can be applied on any pretrained HGNNs to further inject task-specific knowledge and enhance their prediction performance. Specifically, we first design an auxiliary system that estimates node labels based on (1) a global inference module of multi-channel label propagation and (2) a local inference module of network schema-aware prediction. The mechanism of our auxiliary system can complement the pretrained HGNNs by providing extra task-specific knowledge. During the post-training process, we will strengthen both system-level and module-level consistencies to encourage the cooperation between a pretrained HGNN and our auxiliary system. In this way, both systems can learn from each other for better performance. In experiments, we apply our framework to four typical HGNNs. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets show that compared with pretrained HGNNs, our post-training framework can enhance Micro-F1 by a relative improvement of 3.9% on average. Code, data and appendix are available at https://github.com/GXM1141/HGPF.
description: WWW 2023, 12 pages
The universality of black hole thermodynamics
Creators: name: Mathur, Samir D.
name: Mehta, Madhur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamic properties of black holes -- temperature, entropy and radiation rates -- are usually associated with the presence of a horizon. We argue that any Extremely Compact Object (ECO) must have the {\it same} thermodynamic properties. Quantum fields just outside the surface of an ECO have a large negative Casimir energy similar to the Boulware vacuum of black holes. If the thermal radiation emanating from the ECO does not fill the near-surface region at the local Unruh temperature, then we find that no solution of gravity equations is possible. In string theory, black holes microstates are horizonless quantum objects called fuzzballs that are expected to have a surface $\sim l_p$ outside $r=2GM$; thus the information puzzle is resolved while preserving the semiclassical thermodynamics of black holes.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, (Essay awarded third prize in the 2023 Gravity Research Foundation essay competition); Some typos corrected
Additional file 5 of Optimisation of the core subset for the APY approximation of genomic relationships
Creators: name: Pocrnic, Ivan
name: Lindgren, Finn
name: Tolhurst, Daniel
name: Herring, William O.
name: Gorjanc, Gregor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5. Bias for validation pigs as the regression coefficient from regression of their phenotypes (adjusted for the fixed effects) on their GEBV.
MHD in a cylindrical shearing box II: Intermittent Bursts and Substructures in MRI Turbulence
Creators: name: Suzuki, Takeru K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By performing ideal magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulations with weak vertical magnetic fields in unstratified cylindrical shearing boxes with modified boundary treatment, we investigate MHD turbulence excited by magnetorotational instability. The cylindrical simulation exhibits extremely large temporal variation in the magnetic activity compared to the simulation in a normal Cartesian shearing box, although the time-averaged field strengths are comparable in the cylindrical and Cartesian setups. Detailed analysis of the terms describing magnetic-energy evolution with "triangle diagrams" surprisingly reveals that in the cylindrical simulation the compression of toroidal magnetic field is unexpectedly as important as the winding due to differential rotation in amplifying magnetic fields and triggering intermittent magnetic bursts, which are not seen in the Cartesian simulation. The importance of the compressible amplification is also true for a cylindrical simulation with tiny curvature; the evolution of magnetic fields in the nearly Cartesian shearing box simulation is fundamentally different from that in the exact Cartesian counterpart. The radial gradient of epicycle frequency, $κ$, which cannot be considered in the normal Cartesian shearing box model, is the cause of this fundamental difference. An additional consequence of the spatial variation of $κ$ is continuous and ubiquitous formation of narrow high(low)-density and weak(strong)-field localized structures; seeds of these ring-gap structures are created by the compressible effect and subsequently amplified and maintained under the marginally unstable condition regarding "viscous-type" instability.
description: 26 pages, 21 figures, ApJ, in press
Energy-dependent photoemission delays from noble metal surfaces by attosecond interferometry
Creators: name: Locher, R.
name: Castiglioni, L.
name: Lucchini, M.
name: Greif, M.
name: Gallmann, L.
name: Osterwalder, J.
name: Hengsberger, M.
name: Keller, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How quanta of energy and charge are transported on both atomic spatial and ultrafast time scales is at the heart of modern technology. Recent progress in ultrafast spectroscopy has allowed us to directly study the dynamical response of an electronic system to interaction with an electromagnetic field. Here, we present energy-dependent photoemission delays from the noble metal surfaces Ag(111) and Au(111). An interferometric technique based on attosecond pulse trains is applied simultaneously in a gas phase and a solid state target to derive surface-specific photoemission delays. Experimental delays on the order of 100 as are in the same time range as those obtained from simulations. The strong variation of measured delays with excitation energy in Ag(111), which cannot be consistently explained invoking solely electron transport or initial state localization as supposed in previous work, indicates that final state effects play a key role in photoemission from solids.
Pattern reconstruction through generalized eigenvectors on defective networks
Creators: name: Dorchain, Marie
name: Muolo, Riccardo
name: Carletti, Timoteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-organization in natural and engineered systems causes the emergence of ordered spatio-temporal motifs. In presence of diffusive species, Turing theory has been widely used to understand the formation of such patterns on continuous domains obtained from a diffusion-driven instability mechanism. The theory was later extended to networked systems, where the reaction processes occur locally (in the nodes), while diffusion takes place through the networks links. The condition for the instability onset relies on the spectral property of the Laplace matrix, i.e., the diffusive operator, and in particular on the existence of an eigenbasis. In this work we make one step forward and we prove the validity of Turing idea also in the case of a network with defective Laplace matrix. Moreover, by using both eigenvectors and generalized eigenvectors we show that we can reconstruct the asymptotic pattern with a relatively small discrepancy. Because a large majority of empirical networks are non-normal and often defective, our results pave the way for a thorough understanding of self-organization in real-world systems.
The Cross-Quantilogram: Measuring Quantile Dependence and Testing Directional Predictability between Time Series
Creators: name: Han, Heejoon
name: Linton, Oliver
name: Oka, Tatsushi
name: Whang, Yoon-Jae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes the cross-quantilogram to measure the quantile dependence between two time series. We apply it to test the hypothesis that one time series has no directional predictability to another time series. We establish the asymptotic distribution of the cross quantilogram and the corresponding test statistic. The limiting distributions depend on nuisance parameters. To construct consistent confidence intervals we employ the stationary bootstrap procedure; we show the consistency of this bootstrap. Also, we consider the self-normalized approach, which is shown to be asymptotically pivotal under the null hypothesis of no predictability. We provide simulation studies and two empirical applications. First, we use the cross-quantilogram to detect predictability from stock variance to excess stock return. Compared to existing tools used in the literature of stock return predictability, our method provides a more complete relationship between a predictor and stock return. Second, we investigate the systemic risk of individual financial institutions, such as JP Morgan Chase, Goldman Sachs and AIG. This article has supplementary materials online.
Two-step protocol for extrachromosomal array integration by MosTI in C. elegans using Cas9 protein
Creators: name: El Mouridi, Sonia
name: Frøkjær-Jensen, Christian
Publisher: name: KAUST Research Repository
Year: 2023

description: Transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans harboring large extrachromosomal arrays (several megabases) are relatively easy to generate, but suffer from variable and mosaic expression. Here, we describe a detailed protocol for stable transgene expression by chromosomal integration of arrays at safe-harbor landing sites or at the endogenous unc-119 locus. Our strategy is based on two rounds of injection. The first injection is a DNA-based injection to generate transgenic animals carrying extrachromosomal arrays. The second injection contains Cas9 protein and sgRNA for site-specific array integration at high frequency (44% of injected animals). Although this strategy necessitates two rounds of injections, the advantage is that no Cas9/sgRNA complex is co-integrated. Additionally, the use of an intermediate strain with a fully-formed extrachromosomal inherited array before integration favors integration of large DNA fragments.
Demonstration of new Cr silicides and production as coupons for WP4 testing
Creators: name: Kerbstadt, Michael
name: Oskay, Ceyhun
name: White, Emma
name: Galetz, Mathias
name: Blackburn, Tom
name: Ma, Kan
name: Knowles, Sandy
name: Pinomaa, Tatu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Cr-Si-alloys with a two-phase microstructure consisting of a toughening bcc-Crss-matrix and strengthening, hard A15-Cr3Si precipitates are promising materials for use in oxidative high temperature environments. However, Cr-Si alloys have some drawbacks, which are currently excluding them from any structural applications. The focus of the conducted investigations is the microstructure evolution and the influence of Fe and Ni. To investigate the influence of Fe and Ni to the DBTT and mechanical properties, compression tests at different temperatures were carried out.
Additional file 3 of Optimisation of the core subset for the APY approximation of genomic relationships
Creators: name: Pocrnic, Ivan
name: Lindgren, Finn
name: Tolhurst, Daniel
name: Herring, William O.
name: Gorjanc, Gregor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3. Percentage of realised variation explained in G by each core subset in pigs.
New activity pattern in human interactive dynamics
Creators: name: Formentin, Marco
name: Lovison, Alberto
name: Maritan, Amos
name: Zanzotto, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the response function of human agents as demonstrated by written correspondence, uncovering a new universal pattern for how the reactive dynamics of individuals is distributed across the set of each agent's contacts. In long-term empirical data on email, we find that the set of response times considered separately for the messages to each different correspondent of a given writer, generate a family of heavy-tailed distributions, which have largely the same features for all agents, and whose characteristic times grow exponentially with the rank of each correspondent. We furthermore show that this universal behavioral pattern emerges robustly by considering weighted moving averages of the priority-conditioned response-time probabilities generated by a basic prioritization model. Our findings clarify how the range of priorities in the inputs from one's environment underpin and shape the dynamics of agents embedded in a net of reactive relations. These newly revealed activity patterns might be present in other general interactive environments, and constrain future models of communication and interaction networks, affecting their architecture and evolution.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Robust excitation of C-band quantum dots for quantum communication
Creators: name: Vyvlecka, Michal
name: Jehle, Lennart
name: Nawrath, Cornelius
name: Giorgino, Francesco
name: Bozzio, Mathieu
name: Sittig, Robert
name: Jetter, Michael
name: Portalupi, Simone L.
name: Michler, Peter
name: Walther, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building a quantum internet requires efficient and reliable quantum hardware, from photonic sources to quantum repeaters and detectors, ideally operating at telecommunication wavelengths. Thanks to their high brightness and single-photon purity, quantum dot (QD) sources hold the promise to achieve high communication rates for quantum-secured network applications. Furthermore, it was recently shown that excitation schemes, such as longitudinal acoustic phonon-assisted (LA) pumping, provide security benefits by scrambling the coherence between the emitted photon-number states. In this work, we investigate further advantages of LA-pumped quantum dots with emission in the telecom C-band as a core hardware component of the quantum internet. We experimentally demonstrate how varying the pump energy and spectral detuning with respect to the excitonic transition can improve quantum-secured communication rates and provide stable emission statistics regardless of network-environment fluctuations. These findings have significant implications for general implementations of QD single-photon sources in practical quantum communication networks.
Optimization of mesh hierarchies in Multilevel Monte Carlo samplers
Creators: name: Ali, Abdul Lateef Haji
name: Nobile, Fabio
name: von Schwerin, Erik
name: Tempone, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We perform a general optimization of the parameters in the Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) discretization hierarchy based on uniform discretization methods with general approximation orders and computational costs. We optimize hierarchies with geometric and non-geometric sequences of mesh sizes and show that geometric hierarchies, when optimized, are nearly optimal and have the same asymptotic computational complexity as non-geometric optimal hierarchies. We discuss how enforcing constraints on parameters of MLMC hierarchies affects the optimality of these hierarchies. These constraints include an upper and a lower bound on the mesh size or enforcing that the number of samples and the number of discretization elements are integers. We also discuss the optimal tolerance splitting between the bias and the statistical error contributions and its asymptotic behavior. To provide numerical grounds for our theoretical results, we apply these optimized hierarchies together with the Continuation MLMC Algorithm. The first example considers a three-dimensional elliptic partial differential equation with random inputs. Its space discretization is based on continuous piecewise trilinear finite elements and the corresponding linear system is solved by either a direct or an iterative solver. The second example considers a one-dimensional Itô stochastic differential equation discretized by a Milstein scheme.
Additional file 2 of Optimisation of the core subset for the APY approximation of genomic relationships
Creators: name: Pocrnic, Ivan
name: Lindgren, Finn
name: Tolhurst, Daniel
name: Herring, William O.
name: Gorjanc, Gregor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Visualisation of UMAP over generations in simulation. Here we visualise Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) for genotyped animals in each of the five generations (16, 17, 18, 19, and 20) in simulation.
Macroscopic quantum test with bulk acoustic wave resonators
Creators: name: Schrinski, Björn
name: Yang, Yu
name: von Lüpke, Uwe
name: Bild, Marius
name: Chu, Yiwen
name: Hornberger, Klaus
name: Nimmrichter, Stefan
name: Fadel, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, solid-state mechanical resonators have become a platform for demonstrating non-classical behavior of systems involving a truly macroscopic number of particles. Here, we perform the most macroscopic quantum test in a mechanical resonator to date, which probes the validity of quantum mechanics at the microgram mass scale. This is done by a direct measurement of the Wigner function of a high-overtone bulk acoustic wave resonator mode, monitoring the gradual decay of negativities over tens of microseconds. While the obtained macroscopicity of $μ= 11.3$ is on par with state-of-the-art atom interferometers, future improvements of mode geometry and coherence times could confirm the quantum superposition principle at unprecedented scales.
description: 5+9 pages, 2+6 figures, comments are welcome
Global analysis of measured and unmeasured hadronic two-body weak decays of antitriplet charmed baryons
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-Peng
name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Huang, Fei
name: Yang, Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large amount of data on hadronic two body weak decays of anti-triplet charmed baryons $T_{c\bar 3}$ to an octet baryon $T_8$ and an octet or singlet pseudoscalar meson $P$, $T_{c \bar 3} \to T_8 P$, have been measured. The SU(3) flavor symmetry has been applied to study these decays to obtain insights about weak interactions for charm physics. However not all such decays needed to determine the SU(3) irreducible amplitudes have been measured forbidding a complete global analysis. Previously, it has been shown that data from measured decays can be used to do a global fit to determine all except one parity violating and one parity conserving amplitudes of the relevant SU(3) irreducible amplitudes causing 8 hadronic two body weak decay channels involving $Ξ^0_c$ to $η$ or $η'$ transitions undetermined. It is important to obtain information about these decays in order to guide experimental searches. In this work using newly measured decay modes by BESIII and Belle in 2022, we carry out a global analysis and parameterize the unknown amplitudes to provide the ranges for the branching ratios of the 8 undetermined decays. Our results indicate that the SU(3) flavor symmetry can explain the measured data exceptionally well, with a remarkable minimal $χ^2/d.o.f.$ of 1.21 and predict 80 observables in 45 decays for future experimental data to test. We then vary the unknown SU(3) amplitudes to obtain the allowed range of branching ratios for the 8 undetermined decays. We find that some of them are within reach of near future experimental capabilities. We urge our experimental colleagues to carry out related searches.
description: 9pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
IX Centenário do Nascimento de S. Bernardo. Encontros de Alcobaça e Simpósio de Lisboa. Actas, Col. «Memorabilia Christiana» 2, Universidade Católica Portuguesa/Câmara Municipal de Alcobaça, Braga 1991, 408 pp., 260X190, ISBN 972-9430-12-8
Creators: name: Araújo, António De
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1994

description: Theologica, v. 29 n. 2 (1994): Santuários marianos | Braga e Viana do Castelo
On fusion procedure for the two-parameter quantum algebra in type A
Creators: name: Jing, Naihuan
name: Liu, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 17B30, Secondary: 17B68

description: Finite dimensional irreducible modules of the two-parameter quantum enveloping algebra $U_{r,s}(\mathfrak{sl}_n)$ are explicitly constructed using the fusion procedure when $rs^{-1}$ is generic. This provides an alternative and combinatorial description of the Schur-Weyl duality for the two-parameter quantum linear algebras of type $A$.
description: 12 pages. New title and updated version
Spin waves in layered antiferromagnets with honeycomb structure
Creators: name: Liu, Ankang
name: Finkel'stein, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a description of spin waves in a $3D$ quantum $XY$ antiferromagnet (AFM) in terms of macroscopic variables, magnetization and Néel vector densities. We consider a layered AFM with spins located on the honeycomb lattice. In the discussed system, the spectrum of spin waves consists of four modes, all well captured by our macroscopic description. The gapless mode of the spin waves, i.e., magnons, is described by a system of equations, which has a structure general for the Goldstone mode in AFMs. We demonstrate that the parameters in the spin Hamiltonian can be evaluated by fitting the experimental data with the results obtained for the four modes using the macroscopic variable approach. The description of AFM in terms of macroscopic variables can be easily extended to the case when the lattice of the magnetic substance is deformed by an external strain or acoustic wave.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
On the semigroup of injective endomorphisms of the semigroup $\boldsymbol{B}_ω^{\mathscr{F}_n}$ which is generated by the family $\mathscr{F}_n$ of initial finite intervals of $ω$
Creators: name: Gutik, Oleg
name: Popadiuk, Olha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20A15

description: In the paper we describe injective endomorphisms of the inverse semigroup $\boldsymbol{B}_ω^{\mathscr{F}}$, which is introduced in the paper [O. Gutik and M. Mykhalenych, \emph{On some generalization of the bicyclic monoid}, Visnyk Lviv. Univ. Ser. Mech.-Mat. \textbf{90} (2020), 5--19 (in Ukrainian)], in the case when the family $\mathscr{F}_n$ is generated by the set $\{0,1,\ldots,n\}$. In particular we show that the semigroup of injective endomorphisms of the semigroup $\boldsymbol{B}_ω^{\mathscr{F}}$ is isomorphic to $(ω,+)$. Also we describe the structure of the semigroup $\mathfrak{End}(\mathscr{B}_λ)$ of all endomorphisms of the semigroup of $λ{\times}λ$-matrix units $\mathscr{B}_λ$.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2208.09155; text overlap with arXiv:2206.12819
Deep learning for reconstructing protein structures from cryo-EM density maps: recent advances and future directions
Creators: name: Giri, Nabin
name: Roy, Raj S.
name: Cheng, Jianlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cryo-Electron Microscopy (cryo-EM) has emerged as a key technology to determine the structure of proteins, particularly large protein complexes and assemblies in recent years. A key challenge in cryo-EM data analysis is to automatically reconstruct accurate protein structures from cryo-EM density maps. In this review, we briefly overview various deep learning methods for building protein structures from cryo-EM density maps, analyze their impact, and discuss the challenges of preparing high-quality data sets for training deep learning models. Looking into the future, more advanced deep learning models of effectively integrating cryo-EM data with other sources of complementary data such as protein sequences and AlphaFold-predicted structures need to be developed to further advance the field.
TinyissimoYOLO: A Quantized, Low-Memory Footprint, TinyML Object Detection Network for Low Power Microcontrollers
Creators: name: Moosmann, Julian
name: Giordano, Marco
name: Vogt, Christian
name: Magno, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper introduces a highly flexible, quantized, memory-efficient, and ultra-lightweight object detection network, called TinyissimoYOLO. It aims to enable object detection on microcontrollers in the power domain of milliwatts, with less than 0.5MB memory available for storing convolutional neural network (CNN) weights. The proposed quantized network architecture with 422k parameters, enables real-time object detection on embedded microcontrollers, and it has been evaluated to exploit CNN accelerators. In particular, the proposed network has been deployed on the MAX78000 microcontroller achieving high frame-rate of up to 180fps and an ultra-low energy consumption of only 196μJ per inference with an inference efficiency of more than 106 MAC/Cycle. TinyissimoYOLO can be trained for any multi-object detection. However, considering the small network size, adding object detection classes will increase the size and memory consumption of the network, thus object detection with up to 3 classes is demonstrated. Furthermore, the network is trained using quantization-aware training and deployed with 8-bit quantization on different microcontrollers, such as STM32H7A3, STM32L4R9, Apollo4b and on the MAX78000's CNN accelerator. Performance evaluations are presented in this paper.
description: Published In: 2023 IEEE 5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Circuits and Systems (AICAS)
Extended data for the research titled "The challenging reality of the clinical learning environment at Damascus University Faculty of Dental Medicine in Syria: a qualitative study" published at MedEdPublish
Creators: name: Alfakhry, Ghaith
name: Mustafa, Khattab
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educational administration, management and leadership
Educational psychology

description: Extended data:
 File I contains the interview protocol
Regularizing Portfolio Risk Analysis: A Bayesian Approach
Creators: name: Das, Sourish
name: Halder, Aritra
name: Dey, Dipak K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: It is important for a portfolio manager to estimate and analyze recent portfolio volatility to keep the portfolio's risk within limit. Though the number of financial instruments in the portfolio can be very large, sometimes more than thousands, daily returns considered for analysis are only for a month or even less. In this case rank of portfolio covariance matrix is less than full, hence solution is not unique. It is typically known as the ``ill-posed" problem. In this paper we discuss a Bayesian approach to regularize the problem. One of the additional advantages of this approach is to analyze the source of risk by estimating the probability of positive `conditional contribution to total risk' (CCTR). Each source's CCTR would sum up to the portfolio's total volatility risk. Existing methods only estimate CCTR of a source, and does not estimate the probability of CCTR to be significantly greater (or less) than zero. This paper presents Bayesian methodology to do so. We use a parallelizable and easy to use Monte Carlo (MC) approach to achieve our objective. Estimation of various risk measures, such as Value at Risk and Expected Shortfall, becomes a by-product of this Monte-Carlo approach.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Is Micellar Catalysis Green Chemistry?
Creators: name: Fabris, Fabrizio
name: Illner, Markus
name: Repke, Jens-Uwe
name: Scarso, Alessandro
name: Schwarze, Michael
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: surfactant
subject: micellar catalysis
subject: green chemistry
subject: water
subject: sustainability

description: Many years ago, twelve principles were defined for carrying out chemical reactions and processes from a green chemistry perspective. It is everyone’s endeavor to take these points into account as far as possible when developing new processes or improving existing ones. Especially in the field of organic synthesis, a new area of research has thus been established: micellar catalysis. This review article addresses the question of whether micellar catalysis is green chemistry by applying the twelve principles to micellar reaction media. The review shows that many reactions can be transferred from an organic solvent to a micellar medium, but that the surfactant also has a crucial role as a solubilizer. Thus, the reactions can be carried out in a much more environmentally friendly manner and with less risk. Moreover, surfactants are being reformulated in their design, synthesis, and degradation to add extra advantages to micellar catalysis to match all the twelve principles of green chemistry.
The geometry of cubical and regular transition systems
Creators: name: Gaucher, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18C35, 18G55, 55U35, 68Q85

description: There exist cubical transition systems containing cubes having an arbitrarily large number of faces. A regular transition system is a cubical transition system such that each cube has the good number of faces. The categorical and homotopical results of regular transition systems are very similar to the ones of cubical ones. A complete combinatorial description of fibrant cubical and regular transition systems is given. One of the two appendices contains a general lemma of independant interest about the restriction of an adjunction to a full reflective subcategory.
description: 39 pages; Lemma 5.9 fixed and French abstract added
Arturo Elberti, Il sacerdozio regale dei fedeli nei prodromi del Concilio Ecuménico Vaticano II (1903-1962), Ed. Pontifícia Università Gregoriana, Roma 1989, 300 pp., 280X165.
Creators: name: Neiva, A. Costa
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1994

description: Theologica, v. 29 n. 2 (1994): Santuários marianos | Braga e Viana do Castelo
On Boussinesq’s Problem for a Power-Law Graded Elastic Half-Space on Elliptical and General Contact Domains
Creators: name: Willert, Emanuel
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik
subject: functionally graded materials
subject: normal contact
subject: elliptical contacts
subject: almost axisymmetric contacts
subject: Fabrikant’s approximation
subject: power-law indenters

description: The indentation of a power-law graded elastic half-space by a rigid counter body is considered in the framework of linear elasticity. Poisson’s ratio is assumed to be constant over the half-space. For indenters with an ellipsoidal power-law shape, an exact contact solution is derived, based on the generalizations of Galin’s theorem and Barber’s extremal principle for the inhomogeneous half-space. As a special case, the elliptical Hertzian contact is revisited. Generally, elastic grading with a positive grading exponent reduces the contact eccentricity. Fabrikant’s approximation for the pressure distribution under a flat punch of arbitrary planform is generalized for power-law graded elastic media and compared with rigorous numerical calculations based on the boundary element method (BEM). Very good agreement between the analytical asymptotic solution and the numerical simulation is obtained for the contact stiffness and the contact pressure distribution. A recently published approximate analytic solution for the indentation of a homogeneous half-space by a counter body, whose shape slightly deviates from axial symmetry but is otherwise arbitrary, is generalized for the power-law graded half-space. The approximate procedure for the elliptical Hertzian contact exhibits the same asymptotic behavior as the exact solution. The approximate analytic solution for the indentation by a pyramid with square planform is in very good agreement with a BEM-based numerical solution of the same problem.
Notes on the plumages, vocalisations, ecology and conservation of the Vulnerable Bacan Myzomela Myzomela batjanensis
Creators: name: Berryman, Alex J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: This note comprises the first documentation since 1954 (and first published photographs) of the Vulnerable Bacan Myzomela Myzomela batjanensis . The female and immature plumage is described for the first time, and information on the species' vocalisations and likely habitat requirements are discussed. Despite having a small range and (probably) a moderately small population, in the absence of threats, I recommend its IUCN Red List status is revised to Least Concern.