cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Fractures of the temporal bone : an easier way to read your CT
Creators: name: Venkatasamy, Aina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Head and neck
subject: Emergency
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: With this study, we propose an innovative and simpler approach to traumatic lesions of the temporal bone that differs from the traditional labyrinthine versus extralabyrintine dichotomic approach, associated with a description of the orientation of...
All-optical $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric amplitude to phase modulator
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Oscar Ignacio Zaragoza
name: Mendoza, Luis Felipe Salinas
name: Rodríguez-Lara, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electromagnetic field propagation through a planar three-waveguide coupler with linear gain and loss, in a configuration that is the optical analog of a quantum $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric system, and provide its closed-form analytic propagator. At an specific propagation length, we show that the device provides all-optical amplitude to phase modulation with a $π$ modulation range, if an extra binary phase is allowed in the reference signal, as well as phase to amplitude modulation, with an amplitude modulation range that depends linearly on the gain-to-coupling ratio of the system.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Prolyl hydroxylase-1 regulates hepatocyte apoptosis in an NF-κB-dependent manner
Creators: name: Tambuwala, Murtaza M.
name: Rodriguez, Javier
name: Lenihan, Colin R.
name: Carmeliet, Peter
name: Bruning, Ulrike
name: Baes, Myriam
name: Zheng, Xingnan
name: Higgins, Desmond G.
name: Von Kriegsheim, Alex
name: Schwarzl, Thomas
name: Manresa, Mario C.
name: O'Meara, Yvonne
name: Taylor, Cormac T.
name: Cummins, Eoin P.
name: Fraisl, Peter
name: Slattery, Craig
name: Schaible, Bettina
name: Doherty, Glen
name: Fitzpatrick, Susan F.
name: Li, Zongwei
name: Fábián, Zsolt
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Hepatocyte death is an important contributing factor in a number of diseases of the liver. PHD1 confers hypoxic sensitivity upon transcription factors including the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB). Reduced PHD1 activity is linked to decreased apoptosis. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanism(s) in hepatocytes. Basal NF-κB activity was elevated in PHD1(-/-) hepatocytes compared to wild type controls. ChIP-seq analysis confirmed enhanced binding of NF-κB to chromatin in regions proximal to the promoters of genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis. Inhibition of NF-κB (but not knock-out of HIF-1 or HIF-2) reversed the anti-apoptotic effects of pharmacologic hydroxylase inhibition. We hypothesize that PHD1 inhibition leads to altered expression of NF-κB-dependent genes resulting in reduced apoptosis. This study provides new information relating to the possible mechanism of therapeutic action of hydroxylase inhibitors that has been reported in pre-clinical models of intestinal and hepatic disease.
title: Who is the winner? Analysis of efficacy in percutaneous sclerotherapy of macrocyst linfangiomas according to sclerosing agent used
Creators: name: Navarro Cutillas, Virginia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Paediatric
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: MR
subject: Sclerosis
subject: Arteriovenous malformations

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Lymphatic malformations (LM) are common congenital vascular malformations in children, accounting for around 5% of all benign tumors. More than half are recognized at birth, and 90% before 2 years of age. Most are located in the head and neck region...
title: Imaging findings in hypertrophic osteoarthropathy: a pictorial review
Creators: name: Coulson, Peter
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Arthritides
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Bones
subject: Inflammation
subject: Metabolic disorders

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: At the conclusion of this exhibit the radiologist will be able to: -Describe the imaging findings produced by hypertrophic osteoarthropathy -Differentiate hypertrophic osteoarthropathy from disease processes that may produce similar radiologic...
Burnout em profissionais da saúde durante a pandemia do Covid - 19: Scoping Review
Creators: name: Machado, Vanessa
name: Sousa, Gilmaria
name: Carvalho, Patricia
name: Durante, Renata
name: Imoto, Aline
name: Gottems, Leila
name: da Silva, Vinicius
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Burnout and COVID-19

description: Scoping Review - Burnout em profissionais de saúde durante a pandemia COVID-19.
miR-1343 attenuates pathways of fibrosis by targeting the TGF-  receptors
Creators: name: Dang, Hong
name: Harris, Ann
name: Stolzenburg, Lindsay R.
name: Wachtel, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Irreversible respiratory obstruction resulting from progressive airway damage, inflammation and fibrosis is a feature of several chronic respiratory diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The cytokine transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) has a pivotal role in promoting lung fibrosis and is implicated in respiratory disease severity. In the present study, we show that a previously uncharacterized miRNA, miR-1343, reduces the expression of both TGF-β receptor 1 and 2 by directly targeting their 3′-UTRs. After TGF-β exposure, elevated intracellular miR-1343 significantly decreases levels of activated TGF-β effector molecules, pSMAD2 (phosphorylated SMAD2) and pSMAD3 (phosphorylated SMAD3), when compared with a non-targeting control miRNA. As a result, the abundance of fibrotic markers is reduced, cell migration into a scratch wound impaired and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) repressed. Mature miR-1343 is readily detected in human neutrophils and HL-60 cells and is activated in response to stress in A549 lung epithelial cells. miR-1343 may have direct therapeutic applications in fibrotic lung disease.
A TV-Gaussian prior for infinite-dimensional Bayesian inverse problems and its numerical implementations
Creators: name: Yao, Zhewei
name: Hu, Zixi
name: Li, Jinglai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65J22, 62F15

description: Many scientific and engineering problems require to perform Bayesian inferences in function spaces, in which the unknowns are of infinite dimension. In such problems, choosing an appropriate prior distribution is an important task. In particular we consider problems where the function to infer is subject to sharp jumps which render the commonly used Gaussian measures unsuitable. On the other hand, the so-called total variation (TV) prior can only be defined in a finite dimensional setting, and does not lead to a well-defined posterior measure in function spaces. In this work we present a TV-Gaussian (TG) prior to address such problems, where the TV term is used to detect sharp jumps of the function, and the Gaussian distribution is used as a reference measure so that it results in a well-defined posterior measure in the function space. We also present an efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to draw samples from the posterior distribution of the TG prior. With numerical examples we demonstrate the performance of the TG prior and the efficiency of the proposed MCMC algorithm.
title: MR neuroimaging features of postpartum neurological symptoms in developing country
Creators: name: Bhagwat, Kishan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Screening
subject: MR
subject: CNS
subject: Seizure disorders

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1.To understand the various cerebrovascular disorders affecting the central nervous system producing neurological symptoms in postpartum period. 2.To learn various imaging features that help to differentiate these disorders from each other. 3. To...
Dynamical Domain Wall and Localization
Creators: name: Toyozato, Yuta
name: Higuchi, Masafumi
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the previous works (arXiv:1202.5375 and 1402.1346), we investigate the localization of the fields on the dynamical domain wall, where the four dimensional FRW universe is realized on the domain wall in the five dimensional space-time. Especially we show that the chiral spinor can localize on the domain wall, which has not been succeeded in the past works as the seminal work in arXiv:0810.3746.
description: LaTeX 7 pages, no figure, version to appear in Physics Letters B
Dexterous Robotic Manipulation using Deep Reinforcement Learning and Knowledge Transfer for Complex Sparse Reward-based Tasks
Creators: name: Wang, Qiang
name: Sanchez, Francisco Roldan
name: McCarthy, Robert
name: Bulens, David Cordova
name: McGuinness, Kevin
name: O'Connor, Noel
name: Wüthrich, Manuel
name: Widmaier, Felix
name: Bauer, Stefan
name: Redmond, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach that won Phase 1 of the Real Robot Challenge (RRC) 2021, and then extends this method to a more difficult manipulation task. The RRC consisted of using a TriFinger robot to manipulate a cube along a specified positional trajectory, but with no requirement for the cube to have any specific orientation. We used a relatively simple reward function, a combination of goal-based sparse reward and distance reward, in conjunction with Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) to guide the learning of the DRL agent (Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG)). Our approach allowed our agents to acquire dexterous robotic manipulation strategies in simulation. These strategies were then applied to the real robot and outperformed all other competition submissions, including those using more traditional robotic control techniques, in the final evaluation stage of the RRC. Here we extend this method, by modifying the task of Phase 1 of the RRC to require the robot to maintain the cube in a particular orientation, while the cube is moved along the required positional trajectory. The requirement to also orient the cube makes the agent unable to learn the task through blind exploration due to increased problem complexity. To circumvent this issue, we make novel use of a Knowledge Transfer (KT) technique that allows the strategies learned by the agent in the original task (which was agnostic to cube orientation) to be transferred to this task (where orientation matters). KT allowed the agent to learn and perform the extended task in the simulator, which improved the average positional deviation from 0.134 m to 0.02 m, and average orientation deviation from 142° to 76° during evaluation. This KT concept shows good generalisation properties and could be applied to any actor-critic learning algorithm.
description: This paper has been summited to Expert Systems: the Journal of Knowledge Engineering for reviewing. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2109.15233
Locally Rotationally Symmetric Bianchi Type $I$ Cosmology in $f(R,T)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Shamir, M. Farasat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This manuscript is devoted to investigate Bianchi Type $I$ universe in the context of $f(R,T)$ gravity. For this purpose, we explore the exact solutions of locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type $I$ spacetime. The modified field equations are solved by assuming expansion scalar $θ$ proportional to shear scalar $σ$ which gives $A=B^n$, where $A,\,B$ are the metric coefficients and $n$ is an arbitrary constant. In particular, three solutions have been found and physical quantities are calculated in each case.
description: 20 Pages, accepted for publication in EPJC
title: Pathological consequences of anatomical variations in the sino-nasal region: how can radiologists help clinicians?
Creators: name: Laino, Maria Elena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Normal variants
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Head and neck
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Anatomy

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: In this exhibit we will discuss the role of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the evaluation of anatomical variations of the paranasal sinuses, focusing on the main findings radiologists should bring to the attention of clinicians for...
Models For Establishing Healthcare and Community Linkages: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Alsbury, Kyla
name: Scodras, Stephanie
name: Salbach, Nancy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: collaborations
subject: community
subject: healthcare
subject: linkages
subject: partnerships
subject: scoping review

description: Research Question: What is the extent, range, and nature of models which guide the development of linkages between healthcare settings and community programs?
title: contribution of CT imaging in the management of ballistic trauma
Creators: name: Ben Farhat, Leila
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Acute
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Gunshot injuries are very diverse, cause profound morbidity and significant mortality. The injuries occur in both military and civilian settings. A radiologist who is familiar with the basic principles ofgunshotinjuries can have a major effect on...
Routinely Randomize Potential Sources of Measurement Reactivity to Estimate and Adjust for Biases in Subjective Reports
Creators: name: Arslan, Ruben
name: Reitz, Anne
name: Driebe, Julie
name: Gerlach, Tanja
name: Penke, Lars
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: diary
subject: dropout
subject: initial elevation bias
subject: item order effects
subject: measurement reactivity
subject: repeated measures
subject: workload

description: An investigation of measurement reactivity with the help of a planned missingness design.
A Variable Active Site Residue Influences the Kinetics of Response Regulator Phosphorylation and Dephosphorylation
Creators: name: Bourret, Robert B.
name: Immormino, Robert M.
name: Silversmith, Ruth E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Two-component regulatory systems, minimally composed of a sensor kinase and a response regulator protein, are common mediators of signal transduction in microorganisms. All response regulators contain a receiver domain with conserved active site residues that catalyze the signal activating and deactivating phosphorylation and dephosphorylation reactions. We explored the impact of variable active site position T+1 (one residue C-terminal to the conserved Thr/Ser) on reaction kinetics and signaling fidelity, using wild type and mutant Escherichia coli CheY, CheB, and NarL to represent the three major sequence classes observed across response regulators: Ala/Gly, Ser/Thr, and Val/Ile/Met, respectively, at T+1. Biochemical and structural data together suggested that different amino acids at T+1 impacted reaction kinetics by altering access to the active site while not perturbing overall protein structure. A given amino acid at position T+1 had similar effects on autodephosphorylation in each protein backgroun...
Room temperature coherent control of protected qubit in hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Ramsay, Andrew J.
name: Hekmati, Reza
name: Patrickson, Charlie J.
name: Baber, Simon
name: Arvidsson-Shukur, David R. M.
name: Bennett, Anthony J.
name: Luxmoore, Isaac J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin defects in foils of hexagonal boron nitride are an attractive platform for magnetic field imaging, since the probe can be placed in close proximity to the target. However, as a III-V material the electron spin coherence is limited by the nuclear spin environment, with spin echo coherence time of $\sim100~\mathrm{ns}$ at room temperature accessible magnetic fields. We use a strong continuous microwave drive with a modulation in order to stabilize a Rabi oscillation, extending the coherence time up to $\sim4~\mathrm{μs}$, which is close to the 10-$\mathrm{μs}$ electron spin lifetime in our sample. We then define a protected qubit basis, and show full control of the protected qubit. The coherence times of a superposition of the protected qubit can be as high as $0.8~\mathrm{μs}$. This work establishes that boron vacancies in hexagonal boron nitride can have electron spin coherence times that are competitive with typical NV-centers in small nanodiamonds under ambient conditions.
Dynamic Network Reconfiguration for Entropy Maximization using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Doorman, Christoffel
name: Darvariu, Victor-Alexandru
name: Hailes, Stephen
name: Musolesi, Mirco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key problem in network theory is how to reconfigure a graph in order to optimize a quantifiable objective. Given the ubiquity of networked systems, such work has broad practical applications in a variety of situations, ranging from drug and material design to telecommunications. The large decision space of possible reconfigurations, however, makes this problem computationally intensive. In this paper, we cast the problem of network rewiring for optimizing a specified structural property as a Markov Decision Process (MDP), in which a decision-maker is given a budget of modifications that are performed sequentially. We then propose a general approach based on the Deep Q-Network (DQN) algorithm and graph neural networks (GNNs) that can efficiently learn strategies for rewiring networks. We then discuss a cybersecurity case study, i.e., an application to the computer network reconfiguration problem for intrusion protection. In a typical scenario, an attacker might have a (partial) map of the system they plan to penetrate; if the network is effectively "scrambled", they would not be able to navigate it since their prior knowledge would become obsolete. This can be viewed as an entropy maximization problem, in which the goal is to increase the surprise of the network. Indeed, entropy acts as a proxy measurement of the difficulty of navigating the network topology. We demonstrate the general ability of the proposed method to obtain better entropy gains than random rewiring on synthetic and real-world graphs while being computationally inexpensive, as well as being able to generalize to larger graphs than those seen during training. Simulations of attack scenarios confirm the effectiveness of the learned rewiring strategies.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 appendix
Do marmosets understand others' conversations? A thermography approach
Creators: name: Brügger, Rahel
name: Willems, Erik
name: Burkart, Judith
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Biology
subject: social evaluation, social eavesdropping, third-party interactions, thermography, emotional arousal, common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

description: Data from: Do marmosets understand others’ conversations? A thermography approach
RELAÇÕES INTERPROFISSIONAIS ENTRE OS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE NO CONTEXTO DA PANDEMIA DE COVID-19: PROTOCOLO DE UMA REVISÃO DE ESCOPO
Creators: name: Fernandes, Sâmara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Protocolo de busca utilizado em uma revisão de escopo
Regulation of Ras Paralog Thermostability by Networks of Buried Ionizable Groups
Creators: name: Sridharan, Vishwajith
name: Isom, Daniel G.
name: Dohlman, Henrik G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Protein folding is governed by a variety of molecular forces including hydrophobic and ionic interactions. Less is known about the molecular determinants of protein stability. Here we used a recently developed computer algorithm (pHinder) to investigate the relationship between buried charge and thermostability. Our analysis revealed that charge networks in the protein core are generally smaller in thermophilic organisms as compared to mesophilic organisms. To experimentally test whether core network size influences protein thermostability, we purified 18 paralogous Ras superfamily GTPases from yeast and determined their melting temperatures (Tm, or temperature at which 50% of the protein is unfolded). This analysis revealed a wide range of Tm values (35-63 °C) that correlated significantly (R = 0.87) with core network size. These results suggest that thermostability depends in part on the arrangement of ionizable side chains within a protein core. An improved capacity to predict protein thermostability may be useful for selecting the best candidates for protein crystallography, the development of protein-based therapeutics, as well as for industrial enzyme applications.
Heat fluctuations for underdamped Langevin dynamics
Creators: name: Rosinberg, M. L.
name: Tarjus, G.
name: Munakata, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuation theorems play a central role in nonequilibrium physics and stochastic thermodynamics. Here we derive an integral fluctuation theorem for the dissipated heat in systems governed by an underdamped Langevin dynamics. We show that this identity may be used to predict the occurrence of extreme events leading to exponential tails in the probability distribution functions of the heat and related quantities.
description: 6 pages, 2 Figures. Slightly extended version. A new general argument is given in the conclusion. Supplementary Information is now available online. Results unchanged (to appear in Euro. Phys. Lett.)
Structural Features Essential to the Antimicrobial Functions of Human SPLUNC1
Creators: name: Ahmad, Saira
name: Lin, Qiao
name: Tyrrell, Jean
name: Walton, William G.
name: Di, Y. Peter
name: Redinbo, Matthew R.
name: Little, Michael S.
name: Tarran, Robert
name: Kim, Christine S. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: SPLUNC1 is an abundantly secreted innate immune protein in the mammalian respiratory tract that exerts bacteriostatic and antibiofilm effects, binds to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and acts as a fluid-spreading surfactant. Here, we unravel the structural elements essential for the surfactant and antimicrobial functions of human SPLUNC1 (short palate lung nasal epithelial clone 1). A unique α-helix (α4) that extends from the body of SPLUNC1 is required for the bacteriostatic, surfactant, and LPS binding activities of this protein. Indeed, we find that mutation of just four leucine residues within this helical motif to alanine is sufficient to significantly inhibit the fluid spreading abilities of SPLUNC1, as well as its bacteriostatic actions against Gram-negative pathogens Burkholderia cenocepacia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conformational flexibility in the body of SPLUNC1 is also involved in the bacteriostatic, surfactant, and LPS binding functions of the protein as revealed by disulfide mutants introduced into SPLUNC1. In addition, SPLUNC1 exerts antibiofilm effects against Gram-negative bacteria, although α4 is not involved in this activity. Interestingly, though, the introduction of surface electrostatic mutations away from α4 based on the unique dolphin SPLUNC1 sequence, and confirmed by crystal structure, is shown to impart antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus, the first SPLUNC1-dependent effect against a Gram-positive bacterium reported to date. Together, these data pinpoint SPLUNC1 structural motifs required for the antimicrobial and surfactant actions of this protective human protein.
Slow-down or speed-up of inter- and intra-cluster diffusion of controversial knowledge in stubborn communities based on a small world network
Creators: name: Ausloos, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diffusion of knowledge is expected to be huge when agents are open minded. The report concerns a more difficult diffusion case when communities are made of stubborn agents. Communities having markedly different opinions are for example the Neocreationist and Intelligent Design Proponents (IDP), on one hand, and the Darwinian Evolution Defenders (DED), on the other hand. The case of knowledge diffusion within such communities is studied here on a network based on an adjacency matrix built from time ordered selected quotations of agents, whence for inter- and intra-communities. The network is intrinsically directed and not necessarily reciprocal. Thus, the adjacency matrices have complex eigenvalues, the eigenvectors present complex components. A quantification of the slow-down or speed-up effects of information diffusion in such temporal networks, with non-Markovian contact sequences, can be made by comparing the real time dependent (directed) network to its counterpart, the time aggregated (undirected) network, - which has real eigenvalues. In order to do so, small world networks which both contain an $odd$ number of nodes are studied and compared to similar networks with an $even$ number of nodes. It is found that (i) the diffusion of knowledge is more difficult on the largest networks, (ii) the network size influences the slowing-down or speeding-up diffusion process. Interestingly, it is observed that (iii) the diffusion of knowledge is slower in IDP and faster in DED communities. It is suggested that the finding can be "rationalized", if some "scientific quality" and "publication habit" is attributed to the agents, as common sense would guess. This finding offers some opening discussion toward tying scientific knowledge to belief.
description: 16 pages, 28 references, 6 Tables, prepared for a Frontiers Research Topic "Opinions, Choices and Actions: Applications of Sociophysics to the diffusion of ideas" issue, A. Martins & S.Galam, Eds
Einstein-Maxwell fields as solutions of higher-order theories
Creators: name: Ortaggio, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell fields for which any higher-order corrections to the field equations effectively reduces to just a rescaling of the gravitational and the cosmological constant. These configurations are thus simultaneous solutions of (virtually) any modified theory of gravity coupled (possibly non-minimally) to any electrodynamics. In the case of non-null electromagnetic fields we provide a full characterization of such universal solutions, which correspond to a family of gravitational waves propagating in universes of the Levi-Civita--Bertotti--Robinson type. For null fields we first obtain a set of general necessary conditions, and then a full characterization for a special subfamily, which turns out to represent electromagnetic waves accompanied by pure radiation in the (anti-)Nariai background. The results are exemplified for the case of Born-Infeld, ModMax and Horndeski electrodynamics.
description: 31 pages. v2: a few comments added, Einstein-Weyl-ModMax theory as a new example, typos fixed, improvements to the text, refs. added (main results unchanged; matches the published version)
title: Role of CT cisternography in CSF rhinorrhea.
Creators: name: PANKAJ SHAH, DIMPLE
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Cerebrospinal fluid

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The main aim for pre-operative imaging in a case of CSF rhinorrhea is to evaluate for an underlying cause, localize the defect site and exclude an associated...
Newtonian Predictions Are Integrated With Sensory Information in 3D Motion Perception
Creators: name: Deeb, Abdul
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Behavioral Disciplines and Activities
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Experimental Analysis of Behavior
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Psychological Phenomena and Processes
subject: cognitive science
subject: psychology
subject: psychophysics

description: Abstract: Because the motions of everyday objects obey Newtonian mechanics, perhaps these laws or approximations thereof are internalized by the brain to facilitate motion perception. Shepard’s seminal investigations of this hypothesis demonstrated that the visual system fills in missing information in a manner consistent with kinematic constraints. Here, we show that perception relies on internalized regularities not only when filling in missing information but also when available motion information is inconsistent with the expected outcome of a physical event. When healthy adult participants (Ns = 11, 11, 12, respectively, in Experiments 1, 2, and 3) viewed 3D billiard-ball collisions demonstrating varying degrees of consistency with Newtonian mechanics, their perceptual judgments of postcollision trajectories were biased toward the Newtonian outcome. These results were consistent with a maximum-likelihood model of sensory integration in which perceived target motion following a collision is a reliability-weighted average of a sensory estimate and an internal prediction consistent with Newtonian mechanics. The included repository includes, both, anonymized raw and processed human data from our 5 experiments (3 main & 2 control experiments); the R code used for analyse of this data; as well as the C++ and OpenGL code used to generate the stimuli viewed by subjects.
The Effect of Protein Mass Modulation on Human Dihydrofolate Reductase
Creators: name: Francis, Kevin
name: Lee, Andrew L.
name: Sapienza, Paul J.
name: Kohen, Amnon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) from Escherichia coli has long served as a model enzyme with which to elucidate possible links between protein dynamics and the catalyzed reaction. Such physical properties of its human counterpart have not been rigorously studied so far, but recent computer-based simulations suggest that these two DHFRs differ significantly in how closely coupled the protein dynamics and the catalyzed C-H→C hydride transfer step are. To test this prediction, two contemporary probes for studying the effect of protein dynamics on catalysis were combined here: temperature dependence of intrinsic kinetic isotope effects (KIEs) that are sensitive to the physical nature of the chemical step, and protein mass-modulation that slows down fast dynamics (femto- to picosecond timescale) throughout the protein. The intrinsic H/T KIEs of human DHFR, like those of E. coli DHFR, are shown to be temperature-independent in the range from 5–45 °C, indicating fast sampling of donor and acceptor distances (DADs) at the reaction’s transition state (or tunneling ready state – TRS). Mass modulation of these enzymes through isotopic labeling with 13C, 15N, and 2H at nonexchangeable hydrogens yield an 11% heavier enzyme. The additional mass has no effect on the intrinsic KIEs of the human enzyme. This finding indicates that the mass-modulation of the human DHFR affects neither DAD distribution nor the DAD’s conformational sampling dynamics. Furthermore, reduction in the enzymatic turnover number and the dissociation rate constant for the product indicate that the isotopic substitution affects kinetic steps that are not the catalyzed C-H→C hydride transfer. The findings are discussed in terms of fast dynamics and their role in catalysis, the comparison of calculations and experiments, and the interpretation of isotopically-modulated heavy enzymes in general.
INTENSIFICATION OF GLYCEMIC TREATMENT IN TYPE 2 DIABETES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND METANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS.
Creators: name: Monami, Matteo
name: Mannucci, Edoardo
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Different guidelines provide similar, but not identical, therapeutic targets for HbA1c in type 2 diabetes. For example, the American Diabetes Association guidelines recommend pursuing and maintaining HbA1c levels below 7% (53 mmol/mol). Conversely, the National Institute for Clinical Excellence guidelines 2 recommend a HbA1c target <6.5% (48 mmol/mol), if attainable with drugs not inducing hypoglycemia, or <7% (53 mmol/mol) when using insulin and/or sulfonylureas. Different recommendations can be the effect of differences in methods for guideline development, established goals and priorities, or choice of evidences on which clinical decisions should be based. The present meta-analysis was performed in the process of developing the Italian guidelines for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The definition of HbA1c targets for patients treated either with or without drugs inducing hypoglycemia was identified by the guideline Panel as a relevant clinical issue.
Controllable spiking patterns in long-wavelength VCSELs for neuromorphic photonics systems
Creators: name: Hurtado, Antonio
name: Javaloyes, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple controllable spiking patterns are obtained in a 1310 nm Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser (VCSEL) in response to induced perturbations and for two different cases of polarized optical injection, namely parallel and orthogonal. Achievement of reproducible spiking responses in VCSELs operating at the telecom wavelengths offers great promise for future uses of these devices in ultrafast neuromorphic photonic systems for non-traditional computing applications.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, journal submission
Co-Training for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation of Semantic Segmentation Models
Creators: name: Gómez, Jose L.
name: Villalonga, Gabriel
name: López, Antonio M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semantic image segmentation is a central and challenging task in autonomous driving, addressed by training deep models. Since this training draws to a curse of human-based image labeling, using synthetic images with automatically generated labels together with unlabeled real-world images is a promising alternative. This implies to address an unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) problem. In this paper, we propose a new co-training procedure for synth-to-real UDA of semantic segmentation models. It consists of a self-training stage, which provides two domain-adapted models, and a model collaboration loop for the mutual improvement of these two models. These models are then used to provide the final semantic segmentation labels (pseudo-labels) for the real-world images. The overall procedure treats the deep models as black boxes and drives their collaboration at the level of pseudo-labeled target images, i.e., neither modifying loss functions is required, nor explicit feature alignment. We test our proposal on standard synthetic and real-world datasets for on-board semantic segmentation. Our procedure shows improvements ranging from ~13 to ~26 mIoU points over baselines, so establishing new state-of-the-art results.
description: Code available at https://github.com/JoseLGomez/Co-training_SemSeg_UDA. Paper accepted on Sensors at https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/2/621
Comparison of efficacy and safety between rotary and reciprocating kinematics for retreatment of curved root canals: A systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Simões, Lucas
name: Reis-Prado, Alexandre
name: Bueno, Carlos
name: Lemos, Cleideil
name: Benetti, Francine
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Endodontics and Endodontology
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Non-surgical endodontic retreatment is generally the first choice for endodontically treated teeth showing a persistent apical periodontitis. Accentuated curvatures can provoke complications during this procedure, challenging the quality of filling material removal. Thus, many NiTi systems have been recommended to increase safety and the ability of root canal filling removal, although those results remains controversial.
title: Hybrid PET/CT Molecular imaging in Carcinoma Prostate with 68 Ga labelled PSMA ligand - A large single centre experience
Creators: name: Shriduth, Premshanker
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Metastases
subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: PET-CT
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To evaluate the role of 68 Ga labelled Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)ligand hybrid PET/CT in Primary and Recurrent Carcinoma Prostate for lesion characterisation, lymph node involvement and skeletal and liver metastases in the following...
Reduced-order modelling based on Koopman operator theory
Creators: name: Bistrian, Diana A.
name: Dimitriu, Gabriel
name: Navon, Ionel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93A30, 70K75, 65C20

description: The present study focuses on a subject of significant interest in fluid dynamics: the identification of a model with decreased computational complexity from numerical code output using Koopman operator theory. A reduced-order modelling method that incorporates a novel strategy for identifying the most impactful Koopman modes was used to numerically approximate the Koopman composition operator.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Tuning the Binding Affinities and Reversion Kinetics of a Light Inducible Dimer Allows Control of Transmembrane Protein Localization
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Seth P.
name: Bear, James E.
name: Kuhlman, Brian
name: Hallett, Ryan A.
name: Kennedy, Matthew J.
name: Bourke, Ashley M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Inducible dimers are powerful tools for controlling biological processes through colocalizing signaling molecules. To be effective, an inducible system should have a dissociation constant in the "off" state that is greater (i.e., weaker affinity) than the concentrations of the molecules that are being controlled, and in the "on" state a dissociation constant that is less (i.e., stronger affinity) than the relevant protein concentrations. Here, we reengineer the interaction between the light inducible dimer, iLID, and its binding partner SspB, to better control proteins present at high effective concentrations (5-100 μM). iLID contains a light-oxygen-voltage (LOV) domain that undergoes a conformational change upon activation with blue light and exposes a peptide motif, ssrA, that binds to SspB. The new variant of the dimer system contains a single SspB point mutation (A58V), and displays a 42-fold change in binding affinity when activated with blue light (from 3 ± 2 μM to 125 ± 40 μM) and allows for light-activated colocalization of transmembrane proteins in neurons, where a higher affinity switch (0.8-47 μM) was less effective because more colocalization was seen in the dark. Additionally, with a point mutation in the LOV domain (N414L), we lengthened the reversion half-life of iLID. This expanded suite of light induced dimers increases the variety of cellular pathways that can be targeted with light.
title: Anatomical study of the pulmonary venous drainage through MDCT in patients with atrial arrhythmias compared to subjects in sinus rhythm.
Creators: name: Martín Díaz, Alfonso
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Anatomy
subject: Dilatation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Variation in morphology and number of the pulmonary veins (PV) can affect the success of its isolation ablation with radiofrequency (RF) because ignoring the existence of an anomalous PV carry it not to be ablated, and arrhythmia that motivated this...
Widespread Perturbation of Function, Structure, and Dynamics by a Conservative Single-Atom Substitution in Thymidylate Synthase
Creators: name: Sapienza, Paul J.
name: Lee, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Thymidylate synthase (TSase) is responsible for synthesizing the sole de novo source of dTMP in all organisms. TSase is a drug target and as such it is well studied both in terms of structure and reaction mechanism. Cysteine 146 in E. coli TSase is universally conserved because it serves as the nucleophile in the enzyme mechanism. Here we use the C146S mutation to probe the role of the sulfur atom in early events in the catalytic cycle beyond serving as the nucleophile. Surprisingly, the single atom substitution severely decreases substrate binding affinity, and the unfavorable ΔΔGbind° is comprised of roughly equal enthalpic and entropic components at 25 °C. Chemical shifts in the free and dUMP-bound states show the mutation causes perturbations throughout TSase, including regions important for complex stability, in agreement with a less favorable enthalpy change. We measured the NMR methyl symmetry axis order parameter (S2axis), a proxy for conformational entropy, for TSase at all vertices of the dUMP binding/C146S mutation thermodynamic cycle and found that the calculated TΔΔS°conf is of similar sign and magnitude as the calorimetric TΔΔS°. Further, we ascribed minor resonances in wild-type-dUMP spectra to a state with a covalent bond between the Sγ of C146 and C6 of dUMP, and find S2axis values are unaffected by covalent bond formation, indicating this reaction step is neutral with respect to ΔS°conf. Lastly, the C146S mutation enabled us to measure cofactor analog binding by ITC without the confounding heat signature of covalent bond formation. Raltitrexed binds free and singly bound TSase with similar affinities, yet the two binding events have different enthalpy changes, providing further evidence of communication between the two active sites.
Voice as a tool for drawing
Creators: name: Bowen, James
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis is a practice-based investigation into the use of voice as a tool for drawing. I explore a series of vocalisation acts through a range of technologies and environments to ask: how can voice be used as a tool for drawing? This research question is underpinned by a hypothesis that by investigating voice as a drawing tool the ambiguity inherent in drawing can be problematised further through the instability and potential of voice in its contingent non-graphic traces. As a result, this thesis contributes to knowledge in the expanded field of contemporary fine art drawing. This thesis refers to artists and researchers in this field including but not limited to Deborah Harty, Robert Luzar, Mary-Clare Foá, Kendal Heyes, Carali McCall, Sophie Tottie, Joe Graham, James Elkins, Marina Kassianidou, and Catherine de Zegher. As a practice-based investigation, this research utilises a hybrid methodology of action research (Kemmis, McTaggart, 2008), reflection-in-action (Schön, 2007), and the integration of theory and practice as action (Cazeaux, 2006, 2017) wherein practice outcomes are reflected on, both in the act of making and through the process of theoretical research. This cyclical process has involved theoretical and practical research being treated as operating in reciprocity and has resulted in practice outcomes that function in serial development with each outcome being the consequence of a change being introduced to the cycle that then feeds further research. In this way practice outcomes, rather than being solutions to research questions, have operated to problematise speculative research questions in their development (Drummond, Themessl-Huber, 2007). This research makes an original contribution to knowledge in the expanded field of drawing in contemporary art by proposing that voice can be used as a tool for drawing. Through this research I explore the capacities of materials and recording and playback technologies to both carry voice as vibration and to mark it in their mediation. By doing so this thesis questions the centring of human authorship in the creation of drawings (Petherbridge, 2010). I argue that the movement of voice is mediated by the materials and technologies through which it vibrates and transduces. These non-graphic traces are pluralised and contingent, and while being effects of the human body in the act of voicing and listening, cannot be reduced to the body alone.