cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Possible Resolution of the Strange Quark Polarization Puzzle ?
Creators: name: Leader, Elliot
name: Sidorov, Alexander V.
name: Stamenov, Dimiter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strange quark polarization puzzle, i.e. the contradiction between the negative polarized strange quark density obtained from analyses of inclusive DIS data and the positive values obtained from combined analyses of inclusive and semi-inclusive SIDIS data using de Florian et. al. (DSS) fragmentation functions, is discussed. To this end the results of a new combined NLO QCD analysis of the polarized inclusive and semi-inclusive DIS data, using the Hirai et. al. (HKNS) fragmentation functions, are presented. It is demonstrated that the polarized strange quark density is very sensitive to the kaon fragmentation functions, and if the set of HKNS fragmentation functions is used, the polarized strange quark density obtained from the combined analysis turns out to be negative and well consistent with values obtained from the pure DIS analyses.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, a version to be published in Phys. Rev. D: negligible changes in the text, notations for curves in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 changed, footnote [15] added
Lower bounds on the Hausdorff measure of nodal sets
Creators: name: Sogge, Christopher D.
name: Zelditch, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $\ncal_{ϕ_λ}$ be the nodal hypersurface of a $Δ$-eigenfunction $ϕ_λ$ of eigenvalue $λ^2$ on a smooth Riemannian manifold. We prove the following lower bound for its surface measure: $\hcal^{n-1}(\ncal_{ϕ_λ}) \geq C λ^{\frac74-\frac{3n}4} $. The best prior lower bound appears to be $e^{- C λ}$.
description: Added detail to exposition (especially Proposition 1) and added references to recent results of Colding-Minicozzi and of Mangoubi. To appear in MRL
Entanglement for multipartite systems of indistinguishable particles
Creators: name: Grabowski, Janusz
name: Kus, Marek
name: Marmo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P16 (Primary), 15A69, 81R05 (Secondary)

description: We analyze the concept of entanglement for multipartite system with bosonic and fermionic constituents and its generalization to systems with arbitrary parastatistics. We use the representation theory of symmetry groups to formulate a unified approach to this problem in terms of simple tensors with appropriate symmetry. For an arbitrary parastatistics, we define the S-rank generalizing the notion of the Schmidt rank. The S-rank, defined for all types of tensors, serves for distinguishing entanglement of pure states. In addition, for Bose and Fermi statistics, we construct an analog of the Jamiolkowski isomorphism.
description: 23 pages, minor corrections, the final version to appear in J. Phys. A.: Math. Theor
title: Оценка динамики злокачественных новообразований предстательной железы на примере Новгородской области
Creators: name: Гайнутдинова, Алина
name: Синчугов, Станислав
name: Шабанова, Анна
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: Рак предстательной железы является одним из самых распространенных злокачественных новообразований, возникающих у мужчин. Во всем мире, и в России в частности, наблюдается рост заболеваемости РПЖ; в Новгородской области сравнительно небольшой прирост диагностики заболевания. В статье рассматриваются общие аспекты патогенеза, факторов риска и эпидемиологии РПЖ; дается подробный анализ статистических
данных касаемо Новгородской области в 2017–2019 гг. Наиболее часто РПЖ диагностируется у мужчин старше 60 лет (85–95%), практически не обнаруживается в более молодом возрасте. Наиболее распространена среди РПЖ аденокарцинома, диагностируемая в ацинарной форме, либо без дополнительных указаний. Злокачественные новообразования относительно доброкачественных диагностируют в 34–53% случаев, обнаруживается
тенденция к увеличению частоты встречаемости злокачественных опухолей при сохранении общего числа заболеваний.
Crônons, Hectachronos e Hexacrônons Proposta de um Modelo de Mensuração Simbólica do Tempo Subjetivo 09-04-2025
Creators: name: Silva, Jaconaazar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Tempo subjetivo
Crônons
Hectachronos
Hexacrônons
Fenomenologia
Ontologia do tempo
Medidor simbólico
Sincronicidade
Filosofia da consciência
XChronos
Subjective time
Chronons

description: Este artigo apresenta uma proposta inovadora de mensuração simbólica do tempo subjetivo, baseada nos conceitos de Crônons, Hectachronos e Hexacrônons, desenvolvidos no âmbito do projeto XChronos. O Crônon é definido como a menor unidade de tempo experiencial denso; o Hectachronos, como a acumulação simbólica de 100 Crônons vividos em um mesmo intervalo; e o Hexacrônon, como a reverberação sincronística de Crônons conectados por sentido, ainda que separados no tempo cronológico. O artigo propõe uma equação simbólica, critérios fenomenológicos e um instrumento conceitual denominado Medidor de Crônons, oferecendo um novo paradigma para a leitura da experiência temporal humana.
Two-dimensional ranking of Wikipedia articles
Creators: name: Zhirov, A. O.
name: Zhirov, O. V.
name: Shepelyansky, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Library of Babel, described by Jorge Luis Borges, stores an enormous amount of information. The Library exists {\it ab aeterno}. Wikipedia, a free online encyclopaedia, becomes a modern analogue of such a Library. Information retrieval and ranking of Wikipedia articles become the challenge of modern society. While PageRank highlights very well known nodes with many ingoing links, CheiRank highlights very communicative nodes with many outgoing links. In this way the ranking becomes two-dimensional. Using CheiRank and PageRank we analyze the properties of two-dimensional ranking of all Wikipedia English articles and show that it gives their reliable classification with rich and nontrivial features. Detailed studies are done for countries, universities, personalities, physicists, chess players, Dow-Jones companies and other categories.
description: RevTex 9 pages, data, discussion added, more data at http://www.quantware.ups-tlse.fr/QWLIB/2drankwikipedia/
Integrability Lost
Creators: name: Basu, Pallab
name: Das, Diptarka
name: Ghosh, Archisman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that classical string dynamics in pure AdS_5\times S^5 is integrable and plays an important role in solvability. This is a deep and central issue in holography. Here we investigate similar classical integrability for a more realistic confining background and provide a negative answer. The dynamics of a class of simple string configurations in AdS soliton background can be mapped to the dynamics of a set of non-linearly coupled oscillators. In a suitable limit of small fluctuations we discuss a quasi-periodic analytic solution of the system. However numerics indicates chaotic behavior as the fluctuations are not small. Integrability implies the existence of a regular foliation of the phase space by invariant manifolds. Our numerics shows how this nice foliation structure is eventually lost due to chaotic motion. We also verify a positive Lyapunov index for chaotic orbits. Our dynamics is roughly similar to other known non-integrable coupled oscillators systems like Henon-Heiles equations.
description: Acknowledged grants
Coarse Graining for Synchronization in Directed Networks
Creators: name: Zeng, An
name: Lu, Linyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Coarse graining model is a promising way to analyze and visualize large-scale networks. The coarse-grained networks are required to preserve the same statistical properties as well as the dynamic behaviors as the initial networks. Some methods have been proposed and found effective in undirected networks, while the study on coarse graining in directed networks lacks of consideration. In this paper, we proposed a Topology-aware Coarse Graining (TCG) method to coarse grain the directed networks. Performing the linear stability analysis of synchronization and numerical simulation of the Kuramoto model on four kinds of directed networks, including tree-like networks and variants of Barabási-Albert networks, Watts-Strogatz networks and Erdös-Rényi networks, we find our method can effectively preserve the network synchronizability.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Proposal for detecting spin-chirality terms in Mott insulators via resonant inelastic x-ray scattering
Creators: name: Ko, Wing-Ho
name: Lee, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the question of whether resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) can be used to detect many-body excitations that are coupled to the spin-chirality terms S_i . (S_j x S_k) in a Mott insulator. We find that while the spin-chirality terms are in general absent in the usual experimental setups of RIXS, there are prospects of realizing such terms if one considers instead the scattering near a pre-edge. We then perform detailed analyses for the square and the kagome lattices, and brief analyses for the triangular and the honeycomb lattices, in which we show that the spin-chirality terms are indeed present in all the above lattices, but that they occur at a higher order in our expansion for the kagome and the honeycomb lattices. The merit of using RIXS in addition to Raman spectroscopy to detect excitations that are coupled to the spin-chirality terms is also briefly discussed in the context of the emergent gauge boson in the U(1) Dirac spin liquid.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures; v2: minor revisions, concurrent with the published version
Dark Matter from Split Seesaw
Creators: name: Kusenko, Alexander
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The seesaw mechanism in models with extra dimensions is shown to be generically consistent with a broad range of Majorana masses. The resulting democracy of scales implies that the seesaw mechanism can naturally explain the smallness of neutrino masses for an arbitrarily small right-handed neutrino mass. If the scales of the seesaw parameters are split, with two right-handed neutrinos at a high scale and one at a keV scale, one can explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe, as well as dark matter. The dark matter candidate, a sterile right-handed neutrino with mass of several keV, can account for the observed pulsar velocities and for the recent data from Chandra X-ray Observatory, which suggest the existence of a 5 keV sterile right-handed neutrino.
description: 15 pages. v2: references added, a version accepted by PLB
Optical properties of the nitrogen-vacancy singlet levels in diamond
Creators: name: Acosta, V. M.
name: Jarmola, A.
name: Bauch, E.
name: Budker, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the optical properties of the 1042 nm transition of negatively-charged Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centers in type 1b diamond. The results indicate that the upper level of this transition couples to the m_s=+/-1 sublevels of the {^3}E excited state and is short-lived, with a lifetime
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Gauge fixing in (2+1)-gravity: Dirac bracket and spacetime geometry
Creators: name: Meusburger, Catherine
name: Schönfeld, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider (2+1)-gravity with vanishing cosmological constant as a constrained dynamical system. By applying Dirac's gauge fixing procedure, we implement the constraints and determine the Dirac bracket on the gauge-invariant phase space. The chosen gauge fixing conditions have a natural physical interpretation and specify an observer in the spacetime. We derive explicit expressions for the resulting Dirac brackets and discuss their geometrical interpretation. In particular, we show that specifying an observer with respect to two point particles gives rise to conical spacetimes, whose deficit angle and time shift are determined, respectively, by the relative velocity and minimal distance of the two particles.
description: 44 pages, 7 figures; v2 makes a few small improvements suggested by referees
Electron Interactions in Bilayer Graphene: Marginal Fermi Liquid Behaviour and Zero Bias Anomaly
Creators: name: Nandkishore, Rahul
name: Levitov, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the many-body properties of bilayer graphene (BLG) at charge neutrality, governed by long range interactions between electrons. Perturbation theory in a large number of flavors is used in which the interactions are described within a random phase approximation, taking account of dynamical screening effect. Crucially, the dynamically screened interaction retains some long range character, resulting in $\log^2$ renormalization of key quantities. We carry out the perturbative renormalization group calculations to one loop order, and find that BLG behaves to leading order as a marginal Fermi liquid. Interactions produce a log squared renormalization of the quasiparticle residue and the interaction vertex function, while all other quantities renormalize only logarithmically. We solve the RG flow equation for the Green function with logarithmic accuracy, and find that the quasiparticle residue flows to zero under RG. At the same time, the gauge invariant quantities, such as the compressibility, remain finite to $\log^2$ order, with subleading logarithmic corrections. The key experimental signature of this marginal Fermi liquid behavior is a strong suppression of the tunneling density of states, which manifests itself as a zero bias anomaly in tunneling experiments in a regime where the compressibility is essentially unchanged from the non-interacting value.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Anterior Gradient 2 Genprodukte als Marker und Regulatoren der Prostatakrebsprogression
Creators: name: Bormann, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Prostatakrebs
Anterior Gradient 2
Molekularer Marker

description: Prostatakrebs ist die derzeit häufigste Krebserkrankung bei Männern in Deutschland. Anterior Gradient 2 (AGR2) wird in frühen Prostatakrebsstadien vermehrt exprimiert und spielt wahrscheinlich eine Rolle bei der Metastasierung des Karzinoms. Darüber hinaus stellt AGR2 bzw. dessen mRNA Spleißvarianten einen möglichen neuen Marker für den Nachweis des Karzinoms über den Urin der Patienten dar.
Singlet Scalar Dark Matter: monochromatic gamma rays and metastable vacua
Creators: name: Profumo, Stefano
name: Ubaldi, Lorenzo
name: Wainwright, Carroll
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the pair-annihilation cross section of real scalar singlet dark matter into two mono-energetic photons. We derive constraints on the theory parameter space from the Fermi limits on gamma-ray lines, and we compare with current limits from direct dark matter detection. We show that the new limits, albeit typically relevant only when the dark matter mass is close to half the Standard Model Higgs mass, rule out regions of the theory parameter space that are otherwise not constrained by other observations or experiments. In particular, the new excluded regions partly overlap with the parameter space where real scalar singlet dark matter might explain the anomalous signals observed by CDMS. We also calculate the lifetime of unstable vacuum configurations in the scalar potential, and show that the gamma-ray limits are quite relevant in regions where the electro-weak vacuum is meta-stable with a lifetime longer than the age of the universe.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures; references added, minor additions to text and figures, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Community Building for FAIR Data - Leiden community building workshop
Creators: name: Clare, Connie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: About the presentation:
 A presentation about the development of the 4TU.ResearchData community delivered during a workshop session at the Leiden Research Support Conference. About the speaker: Dr Connie Clare, 4TU.ResearchData, Netherlands. Connie Clare is the community manager of the 4TU.ResearchData community. 4TU.ResearchData is an international data repository for science, engineering and design disciplines. Built around the technical infrastructure, the online community comprises researchers, research data supporters (data stewards, data managers, research software engineers, IT and communications specialists) and technical experts (repository back office staff). The goal of the community is to provide an inclusive space for members to connect and exchange knowledge about best practices for the creation and reuse of FAIR data within diverse scientific domains. This includes the development and provision of discipline-specific guidance, training and resources to support researchers in making their data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable (The FAIR Principles). If you would like to learn more about the 4TU.ResearchData Community please contact Connie (community manager): c.e.clare@tudelft.nl.

 This presentation makes reference to the work of the CSCCE's Community Participation model: Center for Scientific Collaboration and Community Engagement. (2020) The CSCCE Community Participation Model – A framework for member engagement and information flow in STEM communities. Woodley and Pratt doi:10.5281/zenodo.3997802
69743: Christ Church College's First World War Memorial
Creators: name: Project Team, Oxford At War
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: As part of its centenary commemorations, Christ Church has created an online memorial that gives details about each of the men who served from the college, many have supporting photographs.
Strangers to citizenship: an analysis of the deplorable conditions of the Urdu-speaking community in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Muquim, Naimul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The despairing position of the Urdu-speaking Community, popularly known as the ‘Biharis’, who are currently living in Bangladesh, has been an intricate issue that has not garnered enough attention from both a local and international level than it actually merits. Even though the Government of Bangladesh has declared them as citizens, there is still a predicament for achieving a permanent long-lasting solution for their rehabilitation. This thesis asks whether it is sufficient to recognize the community’s lawful rights in Bangladesh and see this issue reciprocally from the Government of Bangladesh’s perspective. It argues for the requirements of protection and human rights that the Urdu-speakers legally deserve from Bangladesh. A major facet of the contention explores the international laws and treaties to which the Bangladesh government is obligated to for upholding the people’s rights. As the Urdu-speakers are living in a despondent situation for many decades, this thesis critically analyzes Bangladesh’s existing domestic legislation, and stresses for large-scale improvements for the settlements the community is living in, which would hopefully be a catalyst for change in governmental policy and organizational measures for dealing with them more efficiently. The question of whether the Urdu-speaking Community can be nationally integrated within Bangladesh is further examined in this thesis. Due to the convoluted nature of the subject and lack of political will in Bangladesh, no silver bullet for the Urdu-speakers’ quandaries can be suggested, but this thesis investigates some potential ways for mitigating their sufferings.
Polarization of the charge-exchange X-rays induced in the Heliosphere
Creators: name: Gacesa, Marko
name: Müller, Hans-Reinhard
name: Côté, Robin
name: Kharchenko, Vasili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of a theoretical investigation of polarization of the X-ray emissions induced in charge-exchange collisions of fully stripped solar wind ions C$^{6+}$ and O$^{8+}$ with the heliospheric hydrogen atoms. The polarization of X-ray emissions has been computed for line-of-sight observations within the ecliptic plane as a function of solar wind ion velocities, including a range of velocities corresponding to the slow and fast solar wind, and Coronal Mass Ejections. To determine the variability of polarization of heliospheric X-ray emissions, the polarization has been computed for solar minimum conditions with self-consistent parameters of the solar wind plasma and heliospheric gas and compared with the polarization calculated for an averaged solar activity. We predict the polarization of charge-exchange X-rays to be between 3% and 8%, depending on the line-of-sight geometry, solar wind ion velocity, and the selected emission lines.
description: accepted for publication in ApJL
Limits on the GeV Emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Beniamini, P.
name: Guetta, D.
name: Nakar, E.
name: Piran, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on board of the Fermi satellite detected emission above 30 MeV only in a small fraction of the long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) at 8 keV - 10 MeV. Those bursts that were detected by the LAT were among the brightest GBM bursts. We examine a sample of the most luminous GBM bursts with no LAT detection and obtain upper limits on their high energy fluence. We find an average upper limit of LAT/GBM fluence ratio of 0.13 for GeV fluence during $T_{90}$ and an average upper limit ratio of 0.45 for GeV fluence during the first 600 seconds after the trigger. These ratios strongly constrain various emission models and in particular rule out SSC models for the prompt emission. In about a third of both LAT detected and LAT non-detected bursts, we find that the extrapolation of the MeV range Band spectrum to the GeV range is larger than the observed GeV fluence (or its upper limit). While this excess is not highly significant for any specific burst, the overall excess in a large fraction of the bursts suggests a decline in the high energy spectral slope in at least some of these bursts. Possibly an evidence for the long sought after pair creation limit.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Entropy from AdS(3)/CFT(2)
Creators: name: Tetradis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We parametrize the (2+1)-dimensional AdS space and the BTZ black hole with Fefferman-Graham coordinates starting from the AdS boundary. We consider various boundary metrics: Rindler, static de Sitter and FRW. In each case, we compute the holographic stress-energy tensor of the dual CFT and confirm that it has the correct form, including the effects of the conformal anomaly. We find that the Fefferman-Graham parametrization also spans a second copy of the AdS space, including a second boundary. For the boundary metrics we consider, the Fefferman-Graham coordinates do not cover the whole AdS space. We propose that the length of the line delimiting the excluded region at a given time can be identified with the entropy of the dual CFT on a background determined by the boundary metric. For Rindler and de Sitter backgrounds our proposal reproduces the expected entropy. For a FRW background it produces a generalization of the Cardy formula that takes into account the vacuum energy related to the expansion.
description: major revision with several clarifications and corrections, 22 pages
Using Higher Moments of Fluctuations and their Ratios in the Search for the QCD Critical Point
Creators: name: Athanasiou, Christiana
name: Rajagopal, Krishna
name: Stephanov, Misha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QCD critical point can be found in heavy ion collision experiments via the non-monotonic behavior of many fluctuation observables as a function of the collision energy. The event-by-event fluctuations of various particle multiplicities are enhanced in those collisions that freeze out near the critical point. Higher, non-Gaussian, moments of the event-by-event distributions of such observables are particularly sensitive to critical fluctuations, since their magnitude depends on the critical correlation length to a high power. We present quantitative estimates of the contribution of critical fluctuations to the third and fourth moments of the pion, proton and net proton multiplicities, as well as estimates of various measures of pion-proton correlations, all as a function of the same five non-universal parameters, one of which is the correlation length that parametrizes proximity to the critical point. We show how to use nontrivial but parameter independent ratios among these more than a dozen fluctuation observables to discover the critical point. We also construct ratios that, if the critical point is found, can be used to overconstrain the values of the non-universal parameters.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. Version to appear in PRD. Footnote and reference added
Interacting Cosmological Fluids and the Coincidence Problem
Creators: name: Lip, Sean Z. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the evolution of a universe comprising two interacting fluids, which interact via a term proportional to the product of their densities. In the case of two matter fluids it is shown that the ratio of the densities tends to a constant after an initial cooling-off period. We then obtain a complete solution for the cosmological constant (w = -1) scenario. Finally, we investigate the general case in which the dark energy equation of state is p = w*rho, where w is a constant, and show that periodic solutions can occur if w < -1. We further demonstrate that the ratio of the dark matter to dark energy densities is confined to a bounded interval, and that this ratio can be O(1) at infinitely many times in the history of the universe, thus solving the coincidence problem.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Added two new sections (VI and VII) constraining the parameters and examining the evolution of the periodic solution in more detail. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Staggered fermions, zero modes, and flavor-singlet mesons
Creators: name: Donald, Gordon C.
name: Davies, Christine T. H.
name: Follana, Eduardo
name: Kronfeld, Andreas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the taste structure of eigenvectors of the staggered-fermion Dirac operator. We derive a set of conditions on the eigenvectors of modes with small eigenvalues (near-zero modes), such that staggered fermions reproduce the 't Hooft vertex in the continuum limit. We also show that, assuming these conditions, the correlators of flavor-singlet mesons are free of contributions singular in $1/m$, where $m$ is the quark mass. This conclusion holds also when a single flavor of sea quark is represented by the fourth root of the staggered-fermion determinant. We then test numerically, using the HISQ action, whether these conditions hold on realistic lattice gauge fields. We find that the needed structure does indeed emerge.
description: 24 pages, 21 figures, v2 clarifies a dependence and matches published version
Architecture-Level Software Performance Models for Online Performance Prediction
Creators: name: Brosig, Fabian Maria Konrad
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Software Performance Modeling
Software Performance Engineering
Software Performance Prediction

description: Proactive performance and resource management of modern IT infrastructures requires the ability to predict at run-time, how the performance of running services would be affected if the workload or the system changes. In this thesis, modeling and prediction facilities that enable online performance prediction during system operation are presented. Analyses about the impact of reconfigurations and workload trends can be conducted on the model level, without executing expensive performance tests.
Tilt-Induced Anisotropic to Isotropic Phase Transition at $ν= 5/2$
Creators: name: Xia, Jing
name: Cvicek, Vaclav
name: Eisenstein, J. P.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modest in-plane magnetic field \Bpar\ is sufficient to destroy the fractional quantized Hall states at $ν= 5/2$ and 7/2 and replace them with anisotropic compressible phases. Remarkably, we find that at larger \Bpar\ these anisotropic phases can themselves be replaced by isotropic compressible phases reminiscent of the composite fermion fluid at $ν= 1/2$. We present strong evidence that this transition is a consequence of the mixing of Landau levels from different electric subbands. We also report surprising dependences of the energy gaps at $ν= 5/2$ and 7/3 on the width of the confinement potential.
description: Accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett. This is a final version with rewritten introduction and modified figures
Quantitation of Cellular Dynamics in Growing Arabidopsis Roots with Light Sheet Microscopy
Creators: name: Sena, Giovanni
name: Frentz, Zak
name: Birnbaum, Kenneth D.
name: Leibler, Stanislas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand dynamic developmental processes, living tissues must be imaged frequently and for extended periods of time. Root development is extensively studied at cellular resolution to understand basic mechanisms underlying pattern formation and maintenance in plants. Unfortunately, ensuring continuous specimen access, while preserving physiological conditions and preventing photo-damage, poses major barriers to measurements of cellular dynamics in indeterminately growing organs such as plant roots. We present a system that integrates optical sectioning through light sheet fluorescence microscopy with hydroponic culture that enables us to image at cellular resolution a vertically growing Arabidopsis root every few minutes and for several consecutive days. We describe novel automated routines to track the root tip as it grows, track cellular nuclei and identify cell divisions. We demonstrate the system's capabilities by collecting data on divisions and nuclear dynamics.
description: * The first two authors contributed equally to this work
Demonstration of local expansion toward large-scale entangled webs
Creators: name: Tashima, Toshiyuki
name: Kitano, Tsuyoshi
name: Ozdemir, Sahin Kaya
name: Yamamoto, Takashi
name: Koashi, Masato
name: Imoto, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an optical gate that increases the size of polarization-based W states by accessing only one of the qubits. Using this gate, we have generated three-photon and four-photon W states with fidelities $0.836\pm 0.042 $ and $0.784\pm 0.028$, respectively. We also confirmed existence of pairwise entanglement in every pair of the qubits including the one that was left untouched by the gate. The gate is applicable to any size of W states and hence is a universal tool for expanding entanglement.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
69744: Corpus Christi College's First World War Memorial
Creators: name: Project Team, Oxford At War
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: This online memorial gives detailed accounts of each of the men who served in WW1 from the college.
An Exploration of What Adolescent Girls with ASC Say Helps Them Successfully Navigate the Social Aspects of Mainstream Schooling
Creators: name: Pickup, Helena
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2021
Subjects: ASC
girls
school
social
participatory

description: Historically, there has been presumed to be a male bias in the diagnosis of ASC, however recent research has started to focus on the possibility that some females with ASC may have a different phenotype to males and present with different characteristics, and therefore needs. Additionally, these girls may mask autistic traits, giving the external appearance of coping and risking girls not being diagnosed or not being given the support they need. Adolescence appears to be a particularly significant time for these girls as social interactions become more complex, impacting on friendships and learning. This study took a participatory approach to investigate what helps adolescent girls with ASC succeed in the social aspects of mainstream schooling. Five participants (Years 7-8) were recruited as co-researchers, choosing which areas of school to focus on during data collection, verifying analysis and making decisions about the dissemination of findings. Their recounts of their experiences at school were analysed using a deductive thematic analysis to identify and interpret what they considered helpful. Their ideas indicated their motivation for autonomy, competence and relatedness and reflected a desire to be understood and have a good fit with their environment. Relationships with others and clarity in expectations appeared key for creating a positive school experience. Some participants also indicated a use of personal insight and consideration of others’ motivations in developing their understanding and ability to manage at school. Participants valued their role as co-researchers, indicating personal benefit and feelings of empowerment in their feedback. Evaluation of the procedure showed that participatory research with these students is feasible and successful and it will be beneficial to promote community participation in future research and school practice. It is hoped that these findings will contribute to this new area of research and inform support for girls with ASC at multiple levels.
Deterministic fractals: extracting additional information from small-angle scattering data
Creators: name: Cherny, A. Yu.
name: Anitas, E. M.
name: Osipov, V. A.
name: Kuklin, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The small-angle scattering curves of deterministic mass fractals are studied and analyzed in the momentum space. In the fractal region, the curve I(q)q^D is found to be log-periodic with a good accuracy, and the period is equal to the scaling factor of the fractal. Here D and I(q) are the fractal dimension and the scattering intensity, respectively. The number of periods of this curve coincides with the number of fractal iterations. We show that the log-periodicity of I(q)q^D in the momentum space is related to the log-periodicity of the quantity g(r)r^{3-D} in the real space, where g(r) is the pair distribution function. The minima and maxima positions of the scattering intensity are estimated explicitly by relating them to the pair distance distribution in the real space. It is shown that the minima and maxima are damped with increasing polydispersity of the fractal sets; however, they remain quite pronounced even at sufficiently large values of polydispersity. A generalized self-similar Vicsek fractal with controllable fractal dimension is introduced, and its scattering properties are studied to illustrate the above findings. In contrast with the usual methods, the present analysis allows us to obtain not only the fractal dimension and the edges of the fractal region, but also the fractal iteration number, the scaling factor, and the number of structural units from which the fractal is composed.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Encapsulation of a polymer by an icosahedral virus
Creators: name: Elrad, Oren M.
name: Hagan, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The coat proteins of many viruses spontaneously form icosahedral capsids around nucleic acids or other polymers. Elucidating the role of the packaged polymer in capsid formation could promote biomedical efforts to block viral replication and enable use of capsids in nanomaterials applications. To this end, we perform Brownian dynamics on a coarse-grained model that describes the dynamics of icosahedral capsid assembly around a flexible polymer. We identify several mechanisms by which the polymer plays an active role in its encapsulation, including cooperative polymer-protein motions. These mechanisms are related to experimentally controllable parameters such as polymer length, protein concentration, and solution conditions. Furthermore, the simulations demonstrate that assembly mechanisms are correlated to encapsulation efficiency, and we present a phase diagram that predicts assembly outcomes as a function of experimental parameters. We anticipate that our simulation results will provide a framework for designing in vitro assembly experiments on single-stranded RNA virus capsids.
description: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in Physical Biology. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher authenticated version is expected to be published online in November 2010
Circular Agronomics . Horizon 2020 multi-actor project
Creators: name: Paolo, Mantovi
name: Riau, Victor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: information sheet regarding the project that was presented by me at the EIP-AGRI Workshop ‘Opportunities for farm diversification in the circular bioeconomy’ 6-7 February 2019 - Vilnius, Lithuania.
Data Assimilation using a GPU Accelerated Path Integral Monte Carlo Approach
Creators: name: Quinn, John C.
name: Abarbanel, Henry D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The answers to data assimilation questions can be expressed as path integrals over all possible state and parameter histories. We show how these path integrals can be evaluated numerically using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method designed to run in parallel on a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). We demonstrate the application of the method to an example with a transmembrane voltage time series of a simulated neuron as an input, and using a Hodgkin-Huxley neuron model. By taking advantage of GPU computing, we gain a parallel speedup factor of up to about 300, compared to an equivalent serial computation on a CPU, with performance increasing as the length of the observation time used for data assimilation increases.
description: 5 figures, submitted to Journal of Computational Physics
PECULIARITIES OF ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF GENERAL SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Creators: name: Mominova, Mukhayo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Since the 80s of the 20th century, strаtegic goаl setting hаs become the subject of pedаgogicаl scientific reseаrch. The priority of the humаn fаctor, individuаl аpproаches to teаching аnd leаrning put on the аgendа the need to study the strаtegic goаl.
Languages and Cultures of Ancient Italy. Historical Linguistics and Digital Models Project
Creators: name: Marinetti, Anna
name: Murano, Francesca
name: Quochi, Valeria
name: Ballerini, Monica
name: Boschetti, Federico
name: Del Grosso, Angelo Mario
name: Piccini, Silvia
name: Rigobianco, Luca
name: Solinas, Patrizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ancient Italy

description: The poster is related to “Languages and Cultures of Ancient Italy. Historical Linguistics and Digital Models” (https://www.prin-italia-antica.unifi.it), a project funded by the Italian Ministry of University and Research in 2020 and involving the Universities of Venice and Florence, and the Institute for Computational Linguistics - Italian National Council of Research. The project will investigate the cultures of ancient Italy on the basis of their linguistic documentation, only consisting in epigraphic evidence, by means of computational tools specifically developed for this purpose. It is planned to combine the traditional method proper to historical linguistics and its products (study, edition, and the linguistic, historical and cultural commentary on the texts) with the setting up of digital technologies that will facilitate scholars in their activities. In particular, the project will produce a digital corpus of the inscriptions managed in a digital archive containing all the relevant contextual information together with their formal representation leveraging the EpiDoc encoding schema. A multilingual (Oscan, Faliscan, Venetic and Celtic) computational lexicon will be built using Semantic Web technologies, to give a structured and formal representation of the domain terms and to allow for a sophisticated semantic access of the corpus. The project additionally plans to test the use of CRMinf and CRMtex ontologies for the digital representation of the inscriptions and their scientific interpretation in a semantic format, as well as to deploy a Domain-Specific Language that will assist scholars in the creation of the digital resources and ensure compatibility with the aforementioned standards. All these activities constitute an absolute novelty in the domain of Restsprachen.
description: The paper is supported by the Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca, Italy [PRIN 2017XJLE8J]
No local Maxwell duality invariance
Creators: name: Deser, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show, in canonical formulation of flat space Maxwell theory, that its duality rotation invariance must have constant parameter, cannot be promoted to a local one by adding a compensating field, and that these conclusions hold in the curved space Maxwell-Einstein extension.
description: Published version
Charge Asymmetric Cosmic Rays as a probe of Flavor Violating Asymmetric Dark Matter
Creators: name: Masina, Isabella
name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently introduced cosmic sum rules combine the data from PAMELA and Fermi-LAT cosmic ray experiments in a way that permits to neatly investigate whether the experimentally observed lepton excesses violate charge symmetry. One can in a simple way determine universal properties of the unknown component of the cosmic rays. Here we attribute a potential charge asymmetry to the dark sector. In particular we provide models of asymmetric dark matter able to produce charge asymmetric cosmic rays. We consider spin zero, spin one and spin one-half decaying dark matter candidates. We show that lepton flavor violation and asymmetric dark matter are both required to have a charge asymmetry in the cosmic ray lepton excesses. Therefore, an experimental evidence of charge asymmetry in the cosmic ray lepton excesses implies that dark matter is asymmetric.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Revised version to match the published version
Self-Consistent Screening Approximation for Flexible Membranes: Application to Graphene
Creators: name: Zakharchenko, K. V.
name: Roldan, R.
name: Fasolino, A.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystalline membranes at finite temperatures have an anomalous behavior of the bending rigidity that makes them more rigid in the long wavelength limit. This issue is particularly relevant for applications of graphene in nano- and micro-electromechanical systems. We calculate numerically the height-height correlation function $G(q)$ of crystalline two-dimensional membranes, determining the renormalized bending rigidity, in the range of wavevectors $q$ from $10^{-7}$ Å$^{-1}$ till 10 Å$^{-1}$ in the self-consistent screening approximation (SCSA). For parameters appropriate to graphene, the calculated correlation function agrees reasonably with the results of atomistic Monte Carlo simulations for this material within the range of $q$ from $10^{-2}$ Å$^{-1}$ till 1 Å$^{-1}$. In the limit $q\rightarrow 0$ our data for the exponent $η$ of the renormalized bending rigidity $κ_R(q)\propto q^{-η}$ is compatible with the previously known analytical results for the SCSA $η\simeq 0.82$. However, this limit appears to be reached only for $q<10^{-5}$ Å$^{-1}$ whereas at intermediate $q$ the behavior of $G(q)$ cannot be described by a single exponent.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures