Sparganothoides prolesana Kruse and Powell 2009, new species
Creators: name: Kruse, James J.
name: Powell, Jerry A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tortricidae
Sparganothoides
Sparganothoides prolesana

description: 27. Sparganothoides prolesana Kruse and Powell, new species   
Figs. 33, 56, 89  
 Diagnosis. Sparganothoides prolesana is most similar to S. torusana, but it lacks the thoracic median scaling and forward median protuberance between the antennae. In the male, the aedeagus of S. prolesana is not narrowed mesally as it is in S. torusana.   
 Description. Male. Head: Frons yellowish white, smooth scaled; vertex roughened, brownish yellow to golden yellow, two large exoskeletal protuberances between mesal-posterior margins of compound eyes, with short, erect, yellowish white scales between posterior protuberances; flattened scales extending mesally from posterior to near clypeus. Labial palpus white mesally, yellowish white to brownish yellow laterally. Antennal scaling yellowish white to brownish yellow. Thorax: Dorsum smooth scaled, brownish yellow or golden yellow; tegula with clump of small orange or brown pointed scales at apex giving tegula truncate appearrance. Forewing length 6.4–7.1 mm (= 6.7; n = 3). Forewing costal fold extending less than one-half wing length; forewing ground color brownish yellow to golden yellow, with scattered orange and brown scaling; dark brown spots and stripes along costal fold; four or five dark brown spots along costa beyond costal fold; dark brown mark at base of wing from mid-base dorsad; tornal patch brown with some orange scales, often angled toward apex from discal cell; indistinct orange and brown transverse strigulae in subterminal and terminal areas; dark brown spot at apex of discal cell. Fringe yellowish white to brownish yellow. Hindwing yellowish white, yellow near anal angle, with ill-defined gray transverse striae, especially toward margins. Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 33; EME slide #5559; Costa Rica, Puntarenas, 2 km E Monteverde; n = 2) with uncus long, slender, bifurcate near apex, with long setae dorsally and short setae ventrally from bifurcation; tegumen raised, broadly rounded at base of uncus; socius rounded posteriorly, secondary arms long, slender, sharply curved before enlarged, strongly asymmetrically, bilobed apices; transtilla strongly sclerotized, straight, spines short, numerous over most of posterior margin, enlarged anterior process unreinforced at middle; valva ovate without sclerotized crease, costa convex, sacculus convex, pulvinus reduced; phallus pistol-shaped, aedeagus shorter than phallobase, evenly tapered, slightly curved, tip attenuate apically, attached to juxta by a short process, cornuti with a minute spine near base.   
 Female. Head, Thorax: Essentially as described for male, except head without protuberance, forewing lacking costal fold, ground color yellowish gray without dark brown spot near base of forewing, and other markings less distinct. Forewing length 7.7 mm (n = 1). Hindwing gray. Abdomen: Genitalia (Fig. 56; EME slide #5560; Costa Rica, Puntarenas Province, 2 km E Monteverde; n = 1) with papillae anales parallel-sided, subtriangular posteriorly; sterigma narrow, lightly sclerotized, entire plate curved; ductus bursae short, slightly widened anteriorly; corpus bursae large, irregularly rounded; signum simple, approximately three times as long as wide, weakly curved, rounded at apices.   
 Type material. Holotype: Male: COSTA RICA: PUNTARENAS: 2 km E Monteverde, 1500 m, 24.vii.1990, S. Meredith & J. Powell (EME).   
Paratypes (2♂, 1♀). COSTA RICA: PUNTARENAS: 2 km E Monteverde, 1500 m, 24.vii.1990 (1♂), S. Meredith & J. Powell (EME), 1450 m, 18–20.v.1985 (1♀), J. Powell (EME). Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve, 1450–1500 m, 12.vi.1988 (1♂), J. Brown & J. Powell (EME).  
 Immature stages. Eggs are convex, 0.60–0.90 mm, dark ochreous, slightly to broadly overlapped, with a transparent colleterial secretion exceeding the patch by about one-half egg width (based on two patches of seven eggs each). Embryos became transparent during development, eventually turning yellowish orange; but eggs did not hatch (JAP rearing lot 85E70).   
 Biology. Adults have been collected from May through July.   
 Etymology. The name is derived from the Latin “proles” (= youth or offspring) referring to the close relationship of this species to S. torusana.
description: Published as part of Kruse, James J. & Powell, Jerry A., 2009, Systematics of Sparganothoides Lambert and Powell, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Sparganothini), pp. 1-78 in Zootaxa 2150 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2150.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311432