cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The chart based approach to studying the global structure of a spacetime induces a coordinate invariant boundary
Creators: name: Whale, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I demonstrate that the chart based approach to the study of the global structure of Lorentzian manifolds induces a homeomorphism of the manifold into a topological space as an open dense set. The topological boundary of this homeomorphism is a chart independent boundary of ideal points equipped with a topological structure and a physically motivated classification. I show that this new boundary contains all other boundaries that can be presented as the topological boundary of an envelopment. Hence, in particular, it is a generalisation of Penrose's conformal boundary. I provide three detailed examples: the conformal compactification of Minkowski spacetime, Scott and Szekeres' analysis of the Curzon singularity and Beyer and Hennig's analysis of smooth Gowdy symmetric generalised Taub-NUT spacetimes.
description: 46 pages, 4 images, to be published in General Relativity and Gravitation
Impact of dark matter-baryon relative velocity on the 21cm forest
Creators: name: Shimabukuro, Hayato
name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
name: Kadota, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of the relative velocity between the dark matter (DM) and the baryon on the 21cm forest signals. The DM-baryon relative velocity arises due to their different evolutions before the baryon-photon decoupling epoch and it gives an additional anisotropic pressure that can suppress the perturbation growth. It is intriguing that the scales $k\sim {\cal O}(10\sim 10^3)h/\mathrm{Mpc}$ at which the matter power spectrum is affected by such a streaming velocity turns out to be the scale at which the 21cm forest signal is sensitive to. We demonstrate that the 21cm absorption line abundance can decrease by more than a factor of a few due to the small-scale matter power spectrum suppression caused by the DM-baryon relative velocity.
description: 10pages,9 figures. Accepted in Physical Review D
title: Ehrerbietige Bitte zweier Organe der gewerblichen und industriellen Interessen Württembergs um beschelunigte Maßregeln zum Schutze deutscher Arbeit und zur handels-politischen Organisation Deutschlands; [1848]
title: [Stuttgart, den 10. Juni 1848]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Oechslin, Wilhelm
name: Ostertag, Carl
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Euclidian 4d quantum gravity with a non-trivial measure term
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Glaser, L.
name: Goerlich, A.
name: Jurkiewicz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore an extended coupling constant space of 4d regularized Euclidean quantum gravity, defined via the formalism of dynamical triangulations. We add a measure term which can also serve as a generalized higher curvature term and determine the phase diagram and the geometries dominating in the various regions. A first order phase transition line is observed, but no second order transition point is located. As a consequence we cannot attribute any continuum physics interpretation to the so-called crinkled phase of 4d dynamical triangulations.
description: 24 pages and many figures. A few references added in v2
Plate rotation during continental collision and its relationship with the exhumation of UHP metamorphic terranes: Application to the Norwegian Caledonides
Creators: name: Bottrill, A. D.
name: Van Hunen, J.
name: Cuthbert, S. J.
name: Brueckner, Hannes K.
name: Allen, M. B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Plate tectonics
subject: Continents
subject: Metamorphic rocks

description: Lateral variation and asynchronous onset of collision during the convergence of continents can significantly affect the burial and exhumation of subducted continental crust. Here we use 3-D numerical models for continental collision to discuss how deep burial and exhumation of high and ultrahigh pressure metamorphic (HP/UHP) rocks are enhanced by diachronous collision and the resulting rotation of the colliding plates. Rotation during collision locally favors eduction, the inversion of the subduction, and may explain the discontinuous distribution of ultra-high pressure (UHP) terranes along collision zones. For example, the terminal (Scandian) collision of Baltica and Laurentia, which formed the Scandinavian Caledonides, resulted in the exhumation of only one large HP/UHP terrane, the Western Gneiss Complex (WGC), near the southern end of the collision zone. Rotation of the subducting Baltica plate during collision may provide an explanation for this distribution. We explore this hypothesis by comparing orthogonal and diachronous collision models and conclude that a diachronous collision can transport continental material up to 60 km deeper, and heat material up to 300°C hotter, than an orthogonal collision. Our diachronous collision model predicts that subducted continental margin material returns to the surface only in the region where collision initiated. The diachronous collision model is consistent with petrological and geochonological observations from the WGC and makes predictions for the general evolution of the Scandinavian Caledonides. We propose the collision between Laurentia and Baltica started at the southern end of the collisional zone, and propagated northward. This asymmetric geometry resulted in the counter clockwise rotation of Baltica with respect to Laurentia, consistent with paleomagnetic data from other studies. Our model may have applications to other orogens with regional UHP terranes, such as the Dabie Shan and Papua New Guinea cases, where block rotation during exhumation has also been recorded.
Correlation of Hope Theory on Precision of Information Retrieval from Databases of Medical Science
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2018

description: The purpose of this study was to determine correlation of hope theory on precision of users’ information retrieval from databases of medical science. Research method was quasi experimental, and the population consisted of 45 final year medical students at medical Universities in Tehran. The data gathering instrument was the Schneider (1991) hope questionnaire that has 12 questions. Schneider questionnaire measures two compounds of hope (agency and pathway) in 8 degrees Likert scale. Cronbach’s alpha for two compounds of hope theory includes agency and pathway was 92% and 82%. Two pages of the retrieved results (40 records) were examined by the users in terms of relevance to their information needs. Results showed a significant correlation between the mean values of the hope of the users and the precision of the retrieved results. The users hope with the mean value of 54/11 was at the high level. There was significant relation between demographic characteristics of gender, age and employment status with hope of the users and precision of the retrieved results. Overall findings indicate that users hope, increases the precision of the retrieved results from medical databases.
Anomalous Coherence Length of Majorana Zero Modes at Vortices in Superconducting Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Fu, Bo
name: Shen, Shun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherence length of two Majorana zero energy modes in a p-wave topological superconductor is inversely proportional to the superconducting order parameter. We studied the finite size effect of the Majorana zero modes at vortices in a topological insulator/superconductor heterostructure in the presence of a vortex and found that the the coherence length of the two zero energy modes at the terminals of a vortex line is independent of superconducting order parameter, and determined by the intrinsic properties of the topological insulator. This anomalous property illustrates that the superconducting topological insulator is topologically distinct, contrary to a $p$-wave topological superconductor.
description: 9 pages with 2 figures
Removing Infragravity‐Wave‐Induced Noise from Ocean‐Bottom Seismographs (OBS) Data Deployed Offshore of Taiwan
Creators: name: Kuo, Ban-Yuan
name: Webb, Spahr C.
name: Lin, Ching-Ren
name: Liang, Wen-Tzong
name: Hsiao, Nai-Chi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geophysics
subject: Submarine geology
subject: Plate tectonics

description: Vertical ocean‐bottom seismograph (OBS) data at frequencies below 0.05 Hz are contaminated by noise induced by infragravity waves. We constructed the transfer function between pressure and velocity data from OBSs deployed in Taiwan waters to remove the wave pressure‐induced noise from seismic recordings. Data were analyzed from five portable broadband OBSs deployed each for 10 months at water depths from 1740 to 4600 m and from a cabled, shallow‐buried seismograph (EOS1) installed on the seafloor at 300 m depth. Removing long‐period noise from these OBS data improves the identification of teleseismic phases such as P, S, SS, Pdiff, and PKIKP that are otherwise ambiguous or unidentifiable. For EOS1, infragravity‐wave signals completely mask the P and S waveforms in the 10–50 s period band suitable for centroid moment tensor (CMT) solutions for most of the local events. Application of the transfer functions to predict and remove wave deformation yielded clean prominent P and S waveforms at these periods and aided in the CMT determination for small events jointly with land stations. The relative amplitudes of the wavenumber‐normalized transfer function for some of the OBSs are mostly determined by the thickness of the sediment at the OBS site.
Anticompetitive Regulation in the Payment Card Industry
Creators: name: Mann, Ronald
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Credit cards--Law and legislation
subject: Debit cards--Law and legislation
subject: Finance--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Finance

description: The payment card industry in the United States has come under increasing scrutiny in recent years. The Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act of 2005 reflects a high-water mark of congressional influence for the industry, altering bankruptcy procedures largely for the benefit of card issuers. Since that point, Congress has turned repeatedly to rein in perceived abuses in the industry. The most substantial and direct response to the perception of abuse is the Credit Card Accountability Responsibility and Disclosure Act of 2009. That statute was focused directly on the card industry and outlawed a wide variety of industry practices. More recently, in § 1075 (the “Durbin Amendment”) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, Congress cut permissible interchange fees for debit card transactions to amounts that approximate the costs of processing those transactions; the Federal Reserve’s implementing regulation apparently will lead to a more than 50 percent decline in those fees. So why is it at all noteworthy that Congress, in the course of reining in an industry targeted for excessive behavior, should require substantial changes in the industry’s operations? My hypothesis is a simple one. Both provisions make it more challenging to operate profitably in the payment card market. Because both provisions will pose greater challenges for smaller firms than they do for larger firms, both statutes will make it harder for smaller banks to compete in the payment card market. It may not be easy to evaluate the consequences of greater concentration in the industry. But it is clear that industry concentration is not what drove Congress to action: whatever else Congress was trying to do, it certainly was not trying to drive small banks from the payment card market.
Survey of Information Searching and Retrieving Challenges in Databases in Connection with Persian Language Writing Features
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2018

description: The present research was carried out with the aim of explicating the major writing and semantic problems of Persian language when using data environments and determining the degree of compatibility and attention to these features in Persian databases.\nThis research is of survey analytical type being conducted through direct observation. Having reviewed the related literature, we kept a checklist of search keywords. Each of these keywords was searched in the databases under study, such as Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology, Regional Centre for Information Science and Technology, NoorMagaz, and Scientific Information Database affiliated with Jahad Daneshgahi, and the number of retrieved findings was recorded.\nSome of the writing and semantic features of Persian language contribute to problems associated with retrieving information from the selected databases. Some of these features include connected and disconnected forms of writing of derivative, compound, and derivative-compound words, diversity of plural forms, loanwords and their equivalents in writing as well as polysemy, homonymy, etc., in semantics. For instance, retrieving different results for various writing forms of the keywords «فناوری و فن آوری» as derivative-compound words or «پتاسیوم و پتاسیم» as various forms of recording words, or retrieving different findings for keywords «دریای خزر، دریای مازندران و دریای کاسپین»  as well as lack of their appropriate coverage as synonymous words and giving the user information about it in order to improve the exploration process, for it has negative effects on search and retrieval process.\nFindings indicated that Persian databases do not pay adequate attention to writing and semantic features of Persian language, and disregard many of its features in searching and retrieving information. In connection with the impact of these features on the interaction of users with databases, Persian-speaking users’ need for native exploration tools and databases designed in accordance with the features of their own language have become more and more urgent. The present research has examined the ability of Persian databases in covering some of the features of this language, which have a noticeable impact on the process of searching and retrieval, pinpointing the weak points and strengths of these databases. The results of the present research could be utilized to improve the performance of the above-mentioned databases.
Evidence of Contribution of Intervening Clouds to GRB's X-ray Column Density
Creators: name: Wang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of excess of X-ray column density with respect to optical extinction in Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is still a puzzle. A proposed explanation of the excess is the photoelectric absorption due to the intervening clouds along a GRB's line-of-sight. We here test this scenario by using the intervening \ion{Mg}{2} absorption as a tracer of the neutral hydrogen column density of the intervening clouds. We identify a connection between large X-ray column density (and large column density ratio of $\mathrm{\log(N_{H,X}/N_{HI})}\sim0.5$) and large neutral hydrogen column density probed by the \ion{Mg}{2} doublet ratio (DR). In addition, GRBs with large X-ray column density (and large ratio of $\mathrm{\log(N_{H,X}/N_{HI})}>0$) tend to have multiple saturated intervening absorbers with $\mathrm{DR<1.2}$. These results therefore indicate an additional contribution of the intervening system to the observed X-ray column density in some GRBs, although the contribution of the host galaxy alone cannot be excluded based on this study.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted by ApJ
title: Denkschrift über die Frage der Einigung Deutschlands; [1848]
title: Der deutschen National-Versammlung in Frankfurt gewidmet
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Drdacki von Ostrow, Maurycy
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel. - In Fraktur
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of the Nucleation of Water: Determining the Sticking Probability and Formation Energy of a Cluster
Creators: name: Tanaka, Kyoko K.
name: Kawano, Akio
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the nucleation of water vapor in order to test nucleation theories. Simulations were performed for a wide range of supersaturation ratios (S = 3-25) and water temperatures (Tw=300-390K). We obtained the nucleation rates and the formation free energies of a subcritical cluster from the cluster size distribution. The classical nucleation theory (CNT) and the modified classical nucleation theory (MCNT) overestimate the nucleation rates in all cases. The semi-phenomenological (SP) model, which corrects the MCNT prediction using the second virial coefficient of a vapor, reproduces the formation free energy of a cluster with the size < 20 to within 10 % and the nucleation rate and cluster size distributions to within one order of magnitude. The sticking probability of the vapor molecules to the clusters was also determined from the growth rates of the clusters. The sticking probability rapidly increases with the supersaturation ratio S, which is similar to the Lennard-Jones system.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
Strategy and Force in the Liquidation of Secured Debt
Creators: name: Mann, Ronald
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Contracts
subject: Loans
subject: Collecting of accounts
subject: Finance--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Finance

description: My analysis proceeds in two steps. Part I presents the empirical part of my study --  the data from the three case studies. For each lender, I outline the types of transactions in which it engages, the mechanisms the lender uses for identifying problem loans, the way in which it responds to problem loans, and the ultimate outcomes those responses produce. Part II assesses two separate theoretical implications of my evidence. The first part of the theoretical discussion addresses the direct implications of my evidence for the economics of distressed debt. In particular, I show how the mechanisms evidenced in my case studies generally allow debtors to protect any equity they have in assets that they have given as collateral. Having explained why foreclosure is so rare in my studies, I close that section by explaining the comparatively high rate of foreclosures that seem to occur in consumer loans for motor vehicles and homes. The second part of the theoretical discussion addresses broader questions about the relation between the market for distressed debt and the larger market for the initial issuance of debt. That discussion closes by addressing the long-standing concern that rules hindering creditors' collection efforts will affect the willingness of lenders to issue new loans. My evidence of the low frequency of business failure and bankruptcy strongly suggests that the concern is for the most part unfounded, at least in the context of commercial finance.
Ontirandoc: Integrated Collaborative System for Developing Persian Ontology
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2018

description: While ontology development is beneficial, it is very costly and time consuming. In order to reduce this cost as well as to increase the accuracy and quality of ontology development, researchers have proposed different methodologies. The goal of these methodologies is to present a systematic manual or semi-automated development of ontologies, while each differs and has its strengths and weaknesses. In this paper, after reviewing current methodologies, we present a new integrated collaborative methodology for ontology development, and compare it with the existing ones. This new system, called Ontirandoc, has been used in two ontology development projects and its accuracy has been evaluated.
Structure and Strength at Immiscible Polymer Interfaces
Creators: name: Ge, Ting
name: Grest, Gary S.
name: Robbins, Mark O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal welding of polymer-polymer interfaces is important for integrating polymeric elements into devices. When two different polymers are joined, the strength of the weld depends critically on the degree of immiscibility. We perform large-scale molecular dynamics simulations of the structure-strength relation at immiscible polymer interfaces. Our simulations show that immiscibility arrests interdiffusion and limits the equilibrium interfacial width. Even for weakly immiscible films, the narrow interface is unable to transfer stress upon deformation as effectively as the bulk material, and chain pullout at the interface becomes the dominant failure mechanism. This greatly reduces the interfacial strength. The weak response of immiscible interfaces is shown to arise from an insufficient density of entanglements across the interface. We demonstrate that there is a threshold interfacial width below which no significant entanglements can form between opposite sides to strengthen the interface.
Noether Symmetries and Some Exact Solutions in $f(R, T^{2})$ Theory
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Gul, M. Zeeshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main objective of this article is to examine some physically viable solutions through the Noether symmetry technique in $f(R, T^{2})$ theory. For this purpose, we assume a generalized anisotropic and homogenous spacetime that yields distinct cosmic models. In order to investigate Noether equations, symmetry generators and conserved quantities, we use a specific model of this modified theory. We find exact solutions and examine the behavior of various cosmological quantities. It is found the behavior these quantities is consistent with current observations indicating that this theory describes the cosmic accelerated expansion. We conclude that generators of Noether symmetry and conserved quantities exist in this theory.
description: Accepted
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1931-03)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Bibliotecarias como revisoras por pares de revisiones sistemáticas
Creators: name: Campos-Asensio, Concepción
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Presentación del Taller celebrado dentro de las XVII Jornadas de Información y Documentación en Ciencias de la Salud (BiblioSalud 2023) que se celebraron, los días 19 y 20 de octubre de 2023, en Valladolid. Disponible en: https://funge-uva.symposium.events/93379/section/42963/bibliosalud-2023.html
Exploring Image Virality in Google Plus
Creators: name: Guerini, Marco
name: Staiano, Jacopo
name: Albanese, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reactions to posts in an online social network show different dynamics depending on several textual features of the corresponding content. Do similar dynamics exist when images are posted? Exploiting a novel dataset of posts, gathered from the most popular Google+ users, we try to give an answer to such a question. We describe several virality phenomena that emerge when taking into account visual characteristics of images (such as orientation, mean saturation, etc.). We also provide hypotheses and potential explanations for the dynamics behind them, and include cases for which common-sense expectations do not hold true in our experiments.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. IEEE/ASE SocialCom 2013
The Role of Letters of Credit in Payment Transactions
Creators: name: Mann, Ronald
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Commercial law
subject: Banking law
subject: Letters of credit
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Finance

description: Part I of this Article briefly describes the basic letter-of-credit transaction. Part II describes the discrepancies that appear in those transactions, providing detail from the data I collected. The data generally support the anecdotal information that led me to conduct the study: the documents presented in the 500 transactions I examined conformed to the letter of credit only 27% of the time. The payment transactions rendered the discrepancies irrelevant because the buyer waived the discrepancies in all but one case and provided full payment for the shipment in spite of the discrepant presentation. Part III uses the data and the interviews described above to assess the possible reasons for the common use of letter of credit. First, I reject the possibility that businesses use letters of credit out of irrational habit or custom because the ready availability and frequent use of alternative payment transactions strongly suggests that businesses rationally use letters of credit. Second, I evaluate the persuasiveness of the classic payment-assurance story and conclude that the payment-assurance story probably still has some plausibility, at least in contexts (such as many exports from the United States) where parties select the letter of credit to compensate for the weakness of relational ties between the buyer and the seller. Finally, I consider some alternative reasons that might motivate commercial enterprises to use letters of credit. Specifically, I argue that the issuing bank’s ability to verify information about the purchaser and the transaction provides the most compelling reason for widespread use of letters of credit.
Developing Process-based Ontology for Knowledge Management Technologies
Publisher: name: Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology (IranDoc)
Year: 2018

description: This paper is an attempt to develop a new ontology for knowledge management (KM) technologies, determining the relationships between these technologies and classification of them. The study applies NOY methodology. Protégé software and OWL language are used for building the ontology. The presented ontology is evaluated with abbreviation and consistency criteria and knowledge retrieval of KM technologies by experts. All the main concepts in the scope of KM technologies are extracted from existing literature. There are 234 words, 49 out of them are domain concepts; 1 term is about taxonomic relation and 184 terms are instances of technologies. These terms are used to develop KM technologies’ ontology based on facilitating KM processes. This type of ontology only contains taxonomic relations, called Hyponymy Hierarchy. The presented ontology creates a common understanding in the field of KM technologies. Decision making on the choice of technology and the logic behind these decisions have not been precisely documented and widely shared. Therefore a considerable amount of knowledge is wasted. Considering the importance of sharing knowledge, this study provides the conditions that domain experts can exchange knowledge on a shared platform regardless of geographical constraints. There exists no formal ontology regarding KM technologies. In this study, we try to propose a formal KM technologies’ ontology. Uploading the presented ontology in the web environment provides a platform for knowledge sharing between experts from around the world. In addition, it helps to decide on the choice of KM technologies based on KM processes.
Limits on Stellar Companions to Exoplanet Host Stars With Eccentric Planets
Creators: name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Horch, Elliott P.
name: Feng, Ying
name: Hinkel, Natalie R.
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Everett, Mark E.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Wright, Jason T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Though there are now many hundreds of confirmed exoplanets known, the binarity of exoplanet host stars is not well understood. This is particularly true of host stars which harbor a giant planet in a highly eccentric orbit since these are more likely to have had a dramatic dynamical history which transferred angular momentum to the planet. Here we present observations of four exoplanet host stars which utilize the excellent resolving power of the Differential Speckle Survey Instrument (DSSI) on the Gemini North telescope. Two of the stars are giants and two are dwarfs. Each star is host to a giant planet with an orbital eccentricity > 0.5 and whose radial velocity data contain a trend in the residuals to the Keplerian orbit fit. These observations rule out stellar companions 4-8 magnitudes fainter than the host star at passbands of 692nm and 880nm. The resolution and field-of-view of the instrument result in exclusion radii of 0.05-1.4 arcsecs which excludes stellar companions within several AU of the host star in most cases. We further provide new radial velocities for the HD 4203 system which confirm that the linear trend previously observed in the residuals is due to an additional planet. These results place dynamical constraints on the source of the planet's eccentricities, constraints on additional planetary companions, and informs the known distribution of multiplicity amongst exoplanet host stars.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, accepted to ApJ
title: Antrag der Abgeordneten J. Georg Günther aus Leipzig und W. Adolph v. Trützschler aus Dresden: Die Nationalversammlung möge beschließen, ihren Sitz schleunigst von Frankfurt a. M. nach Wien zu verlegen; [1848]
title: Frankfurt am Main, den 8. Juni 1848
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Günther, Johann Georg
name: Trützschler, Wilhelm Adolph ¬von
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Development of a Parsimonious Set of City-level Environmental Performance Metrics for Jiyuan, Henan, China
Creators: name: Guo, Dong
name: Bose, Satyajit
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental economics
subject: Public policy (Law)
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The potential tradeoff between the twin goals of reducing environmental impact while maintaining growth will require China’s cities to evaluate the economic impact of urban pollution at the local level. Using economic input-output analysis, city level indicators of economic activity and environmental impact and available estimates of the benchmark relationships between output and pollution by sector, we outline a method to quantify in monetary terms the marginal damages of air pollution by sector at the city level. By applying the framework of environmental accounting to the pilot case of Jiyuan, a small city in Henan province, we demonstrate a method for local public agencies to facilitate administrative tracking of monetized air pollution based on underlying economic activity, and outline a minimum set of metrics which a small city in China must track in order to estimate the monetized damage of air pollution by sector. Our methodology leverages economy-wide aggregate models (Ho and Nielsen 2007, The World Bank 2007) to significantly reduce the metrics required for a simple approximation of the relative value added per unit of emission by sector for medium-sized cities in China.
title: COMPRESSIVE PARAMETER ESTIMATION VIA APPROXIMATE MESSAGE PASSING
Creators: name: Hamzehei, Shermin
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: The literature on compressive parameter estimation has been mostly focused on the use of sparsity dictionaries that encode a discretized sampling of the parameter space; these dictionaries, however, suffer from coherence issues that must be controlled for successful estimation. To bypass such issues with discretization, we propose the use of statistical parameter estimation methods within the Approximate Message Passing (AMP) algorithm for signal recovery. Our method leverages the recently proposed use of custom denoisers in place of the usual thresholding steps (which act as denoisers for sparse signals) in AMP. We introduce the design of analog denoisers that are based on statistical parameter estimation algorithms, and we focus on two commonly used examples: frequency estimation and bearing estimation, coupled with the Root MUSIC estimation algorithm. We first analyze the performance of the proposed analog denoiser for signal recovery, and then link the performance in signal estimation to that of parameter estimation. Numerical experiments show significant improvements in estimation performance versus previously proposed approaches for compressive parameter estimation.
Ten Key Decisions in Creating Early Colleges: Design Options Based on Research
Creators: name: Barnett, Elisabeth
name: Bucceri, Kristen
name: Hindo, Claudia
name: Kim, Jennifer Eunmi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Education, Secondary
Education, Higher
Education and state
School management and organization

description: Where do you turn if you want to know how to design an Early College? While there are lots of resources on this topic, there is no summary of the research that provides direction on making key design decisions. Since 2002, the National Center for Restructuring Education, Schools and Teaching (NCREST) at Teachers College, Columbia University has been involved in research and development projects related to Early Colleges. We have worked with a range of schools and intermediaries, but the majority of our work has been carried out in partnership with the Middle College National Consortium.

We wrote this publication to share the findings of our studies and those of many other researchers whose work can be used in making key design decisions. Ultimately, our goal is to support school leaders in creating great Early Colleges – those that offer life‐changing experiences to traditionally underserved students and lead to excellent educational outcomes.
title: The Effect of Gap Spacing Between Solar Panel Clusters on Crop Biomass Yields, Nutrients, and the Microenvironment in a Dual-Use Agrivoltaic System
Creators: name: Oleskewicz, Kristen
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: Agrivoltaic (AV) systems are dual-use land systems that consist of elevated solar panels with crops grown underneath. They offer a solution to the increasing demand for food production and clean renewable energy. The main concern regarding AV systems is the reduced availability of light to crops below the panels. Research to date shows that AV systems are quite productive with total energy and crop production exceeding the outputs of either solar farms or crop production alone. Research also shows that solar panels affect the microenvironment below the panels. The research on AV systems so far considers altering panel density to increase radiation to the crops by varying the distance between rows of panels in an AV solar array. This study examines the crop outputs for Swiss chard, kale, pepper, and broccoli in an AV system with different gap spacings of 2, 3, 4, or 5 feet (AV plots) between panel clusters within rows to determine how much spacing between solar panels is optimal for crop production by comparing these system yields to full sun crop production. This study also examines the effect of the AV system on crop nutrient levels, on soil water content, and crop leaf temperature below the panels. Ultimately, the biomass crop yields of AV plots are restricted significantly for Swiss chard, kale, or pepper compared against the full sun control plot yields but not for broccoli stem + leaf yields. The 4-ft or 5-ft gap distances between panels yield the highest crop biomass of the AV shaded plots. Nutrient levels tend to increase with more shade but the trend is only significant for Swiss chard nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, pepper potassium concentrations, and broccoli phosphorus concentrations. For soil water content it is found that panels have some effect on evapotranspiration and rainfall redistribution at the soil level. Leaf temperatures in the AV plots are lower than leaf temperatures in the control plots on sunny days but not on cloudy days.
Spectroscopy of fullerenes, fulleranes and PAHs in the UV, visible and near infrared spectral range
Creators: name: Cataldo, F.
name: Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.
name: Manchado, A.
name: Iglesias-Groth, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectra of fullerenes C60 and C70, higher fullerenes C76, C78 and C84 and hydrogenated fullerenes (fulleranes) were studied in laboratory in the UV and in the visible spectral range and could be used for searching and recognizing these molecules in space. Furthermore, the radical cation spectra of all the mentioned fullerene series and also of a series of large and very large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were generated in laboratory and studied in the near infrared spectral range.
description: To appear in IAU 297 - The Diffuse Interstellar Bands, eds. J. Cami and N. Cox (in press); 3 pages
Fenway High School: Social Emotional Learning as the Foundation for Social Justice
Creators: name: Barnett, Elisabeth
name: Kim, Jennifer Eunmi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Education, Secondary
Education--Study and teaching
Teaching
Education--Philosophy

description: This report is one of a series of publications on social emotional learning in high school, focusing on the experience of three high schools. This case study provides rich description of social emotional learning and its link to social justice in Fenway High School in Boston, Massachusetts.
Role of parity transformation for the fluctuation theorem: Limit cycle and symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Matsuo, Yasuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuation theorem of the Crooks type is studied for thermodynamic nonlinear- multivariate systems. In particular, a bivariate system having a limit cycle is discussed in detail. It is explicitly shown how the time reversal operation has to be combined with the parity transformation in order to derive the fluctuation theorem for the change of the renormalized entropy. Furthermore, breakdown of the symmetry in a limit-cycle model due to the effect of fluctuations is also discussed.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. Published version
On the horizon area of effective loop quantum black holes
Creators: name: Sobrinho, F. C.
name: Borges, H. A.
name: Baranov, I. P. R.
name: Carneiro, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective models of quantum black holes inspired by Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) have had success in resolving the classical singularity with polymerisation procedures and by imposing the LQG area gap as a minimum area. The singularity is replaced by a hypersurface of transition from black to white holes, and a recent example is the Ashtekar, Olmedo and Singh (AOS) model for a Schwarzschild black hole. More recently, a one-parameter model, with equal masses for the black and white solutions, was suggested by Alonso-Bardaji, Brizuela and Vera (ABBV). An interesting feature of their quantisation is that the angular part of the metric retains its classical form and the horizon area is therefore the same as in the classical theory. In the present contribution we solve the dynamical equations derived from the ABBV effective Hamiltonian and, by applying the AOS minimal area condition, we obtain the scaling of the polymerisation parameter with the black hole mass. We then show that this effective model can also describe Planck scale black holes, and that the curvature and quantum corrections at the horizon are small even at this scale. By generating the exterior metric through a phase rotation in the dynamical variables, we also show that, for an asymptotic observer, the Kretschmann scalar is the same as in the classical Schwarzschild solution, but with a central mass screened by the quantum fluctuations.
description: Revised version, accepted for publication in Class. Quantum Grav
Universal State Transfer on Graphs
Creators: name: Cameron, Stephen
name: Fehrenbach, Shannon
name: Granger, Leah
name: Hennigh, Oliver
name: Shrestha, Sunrose
name: Tamon, Christino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A continuous-time quantum walk on a graph $G$ is given by the unitary matrix $U(t) = \exp(-itA)$, where $A$ is the Hermitian adjacency matrix of $G$. We say $G$ has pretty good state transfer between vertices $a$ and $b$ if for any $ε> 0$, there is a time $t$, where the $(a,b)$-entry of $U(t)$ satisfies $|U(t)_{a,b}| \ge 1-ε$. This notion was introduced by Godsil (2011). The state transfer is perfect if the above holds for $ε= 0$. In this work, we study a natural extension of this notion called universal state transfer. Here, state transfer exists between every pair of vertices of the graph. We prove the following results about graphs with this stronger property: (1) Graphs with universal state transfer have distinct eigenvalues and flat eigenbasis (where each eigenvector has entries which are equal in magnitude). (2) The switching automorphism group of a graph with universal state transfer is abelian and its order divides the size of the graph. Moreover, if the state transfer is perfect, then the switching automorphism group is cyclic. (3) There is a family of prime-length cycles with complex weights which has universal pretty good state transfer. This provides a concrete example of an infinite family of graphs with the universal property. (4) There exists a class of graphs with real symmetric adjacency matrices which has universal pretty good state transfer. In contrast, Kay (2011) proved that no graph with real-valued adjacency matrix can have universal perfect state transfer. We also provide a spectral characterization of universal perfect state transfer graphs that are switching equivalent to circulants.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
title: Improving Growth and Survival of Cultured Yellow Lampmussel (Lampsilis cariosa) for Restoring Populations
Creators: name: Martell, Virginia
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: In North America 72% of freshwater mussel species are endangered, threatened, or of special concern due to factors such as habitat loss and degradation, biological invasion, and land use change. Propagation of freshwater mussels has been considered a necessary conservation strategy for population restoration where threats have been mitigated but small population sizes limit population viability. Yellow lampmussel is a species of freshwater mussel that is endangered, threatened, or imperiled throughout its range; therefore, I evaluated laboratory techniques (probiotic supplements and secondary rearing designs) to improve culture of yellow lampmussel for population restoration. Several aquaculture facilities commonly use probiotics; thus, I used commercial probiotics to determine if 1) probiotic concentration and 2) type of probiotic mixture improved growth or survival of juvenile mussels during primary culture. I further asked whether probiotics affected mussels by reducing ammonia, thereby improving water quality. Some probiotics increased survival (and, in one experiment, increased growth) of juvenile mussels, regardless of concentration, but results were variable by experiment and probiotic type. Probiotics did not significantly reduce ammonia concentrations, so this was unlikely the mechanism of benefit. I also investigated the effect of different secondary rearing systems at two culture facilities on growth and survival of juvenile mussels in two size classes (5.0 mm). I used five different secondary culture systems that were either indoors (dogpans and baskets) or outdoors (trough, airlift upweller, tank upweller, baskets), where water was either recirculating or flow-through. Survival was exceptional in all larger size class rearing systems, and the baskets in the ponds had the greatest growth rates. Smaller mussels had lower survival than the larger mussels, indicating that when deploying juvenile mussels into outdoor culture systems mussels size should be greater than 5.0 mm. Results of this project will inform future rearing yellow lampmussel in New England and more broadly add to the limited literature on probiotic use and secondary rearing designs in freshwater mussel culture.