cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Moduli and Kähler potential in fermionic strings
Creators: name: Lopez, Jorge L.
name: Nanopoulos, D. V.
name: Yuan, Kajia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of identifying the moduli fields in fermionic four-dimensional string models. We deform a free-fermionic model by introducing exactly marginal operators in the form of Abelian Thirring interactions on the world-sheet, and show that their couplings correspond to the untwisted moduli fields. We study the consequences of this method for simple free-fermionic models which correspond to $Z_2\times Z_2$ orbifolds and obtain their moduli space and Kähler potential by symmetry arguments and by direct calculation of string scattering amplitudes. We then generalize our analysis to more complicated fermionic structures which arise in constructions of realistic models corresponding to asymmetric orbifolds, and obtain the moduli space and Kähler potential for this case. Finally we extend our analysis to the untwisted matter sector and derive expressions for the full Kähler potential to be used in phenomenological applications, and the target space duality transformations of the corresponding untwisted matter fields.
description: 27pp Latex text, no figs, CERN-TH.7259/94, CTP-TAMU-14/94 and ACT-06/94
Additional file 1 of Epigenetic regulation of osteopontin splicing isoform c defines its role as a microenvironmental factor to promote the survival of colon cancer cells from 5-FU treatment
Creators: name: Chang, Siyuan
name: Huang, Jing
name: Niu, Huan
name: Wang, Jing
name: Si, Yang
name: Bai, Zhigang
name: Cheng, Shan
name: Ding, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Western blot of OPN proteins in CMs from OPN-SIs overexpressing cells. Cell lysate of transfected HT115 (a) or HCT-8cells (b). CMs collected from transfected HT115 (c) or HCT-8cells (d). Figure S2. ChIP-Seq dataset (GSE47678, 2013) from the GEO database revealed MeCP2 interaction sites in peaks at theopngene exons 4 and exon 5 regions in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells.
GeV emission in the region of HESS J1809-193 and HESS J1813-178: is HESS J1809-193 a proton pevatron?
Creators: name: Araya, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HESS J1809-193 is an unidentified TeV source discovered by the High Energy Stereoscopic System and originally classified as a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) candidate associated with the pulsar PSR J1809-1917. However, a recent study of deep radio observations and the interstellar medium near the source has found evidence for a hadronic scenario for the gamma-rays. Here, a detailed study of the GeV emission in the region using data from the \emph{Fermi} LAT is presented. The GeV emission has an extended morphology in the region of the TeV emission and the overall spectrum can be accounted for by a cosmic ray population having a simple power-law spectrum with energies extending up to 1 PeV. However, the spectrum at tens of TeV should be observed more deeply in the future to confirm its hadronic nature, and other scenarios involving combinations of leptonic and hadronic emission from several of the known supernova remnants in the region cannot be ruled out. The nearby TeV source HESS J1813-178, thought to be a PWN, is also studied in detail at GeV energies and we find a region of significant emission which is much more extended than the TeV emission and whose spectrum is softer than expected from a PWN but similar to those seen in several star forming regions that are believed to accelerate protons. There is marginal evidence for a GeV point source at the location of the X-ray PWN, beside the extended emission.
description: To appear in ApJ
Spatial Structure and Coherent Motion in Dense Planetary Rings Induced by Self-Gravitational Instability
Creators: name: Daisaka, H.
name: Ida, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of spatial structure in dense, self-gravitating particle systems such as Saturn's B-ring through local $N$-body simulations to clarify the intrinsic physics based on individual particle motion. In such a system, Salo (1995) showed that the formation of spatial structure such as wake-like structure and particle grouping (clump) arises spontaneously due to gravitational instability and the radial velocity dispersion increases as the formation of the wake structure. However, intrinsic physics of the phenomena has not been clarified. We performed local $N$-body simulations including mutual gravitational forces between ring particles as well as direct (inelastic) collisions with identical (up to $N\sim40000$) particles. In the wake structure particles no longer move randomly but coherently. We found that particle motion was similar to Keplerian motion even in the wake structure and that the coherent motion was produced since the particles in a clump had similar eccentricity and longitude of perihelion. This coherent motion causes the increase and oscillation in the radial velocity dispersion. The mean velocity dispersion is rather larger in a more dissipative case with a smaller restitution coefficient and/or a larger surface density since the coherence is stronger in the more dissipative case. Our simulations showed that the wavelength of the wake structure was approximately given by the longest wavelength $\hsλ{cr} = 4π^2 GΣ/κ^2$ in the linear theory of axisymmetric gravitational instability in a thin disk, where $G$, $Σ$, and $κ$ are the gravitational constant, surface density, and a epicyclic frequency.
description: Accepted by Earth, Planets, and Space. 39 pages, 20 figures. PostScript files also available from http://www.geo.titech.ac.jp/nakazawalab/hdaisaka/works/
Bridging the Gap: Capturing the Ly$α$ Counterpart of a Type-II Spicule and its Heating Evolution with VAULT2.0 and IRIS Observations
Creators: name: Chintzoglou, Georgios
name: De Pontieu, Bart
name: Martínez-Sykora, Juan
name: Pereira, Tiago M. D.
name: Vourlidas, Angelos
name: Beltran, Samuel Tun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from an observing campaign in support of the VAULT2.0 sounding rocket launch on September 30, 2014. VAULT2.0 is a Ly$α$ (1216 Å) spectroheliograph capable of providing spectroheliograms at high cadence. Ly$α$ observations are highly complementary to the IRIS observations of the upper chromosphere and the low transition region (TR) but have previously been unavailable. The VAULT2.0 data provide new constraints on upper-chromospheric conditions for numerical models. The observing campaign was closely coordinated with the IRIS mission. Taking advantage of this simultaneous multi-wavelength coverage of target AR 12172 and by using state-of-the-art radiative-MHD simulations of spicules, we investigate in detail a type-II spicule associated with a fast (300 km s$^{-1}$) network jet recorded in the campaign observations. Our analysis suggests that spicular material exists suspended high in the atmosphere but in lower temperatures (seen in Ly$α$) until it is heated and becomes visible in TR temperatures as a network jet. The heating begins lower in the spicule and propagates upwards as a rapidly propagating thermal front. The front is then observed as fast, plane-of-the-sky motion typical of a network jet, but contained inside the pre-existing spicule. This work supports that the high speeds reported in network jets should not be taken as real mass upflows but only as apparent speeds of a rapidly propagating heating front along the pre-existing spicule.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures and one online movie. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
title: Infant feeding mode and its association with the use of healthcare services in the first year of life
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Sharmeen Jalal
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2018

description: This research had two goals. First, a systematic review was conducted to examine the relationship between mode of infant feeding and risk of hospitalization due to respiratory tract infections in healthy full-term infants. Second, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Eastern Region of Newfoundland and Labrador to evaluate differences in healthcare use by feeding mode in infants in the first year of life. Chapter one includes an introduction and chapter four provides a summary and discussion of the findings. Chapters two and three include versions of the systematic review manuscript and the cross-sectional study manuscript, respectively. The systematic review demonstrated breastfeeding reduced the risk of hospitalization due to a respiratory tract infection in the first year of life and the cross-sectional study revealed that exclusively formula-fed infants had significantly more emergency department and hospital visits compared to exclusively breastfed infants or mixed-fed infants in their first year of life.
Turbo ungulinus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Trochida
Turbinidae
Turbo
Turbo ungulinus

description: Turbo ungulinus [spec. nov.]
T. testa turrita: anfractibus striis decem exoletis.
Habitat in O. Europaeo.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 767, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Weight optimization in multichannel Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Kleiss, R.
name: Pittau, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the improvement in the accuracy of a Monte Carlo integration that can be obtained by optimization of the `a-priori weights' of the various channels. These channels may be either the strata in a stratified-sampling approach, or the several `approximate' distributions such as are used in event generators for particle phenomenology. The optimization algorithm does not require any initialization, and each Monte Carlo integration point can be used in the evaluation of the integral. We describe our experience with this method in a realistic problem, where an effective increase in program speed by almost an order of magnitude is observed.
description: 8 pages in LaTeX (figure file apwfig.eps appended), NIKHEF/Leiden preprint NIKHEF-H-94/17, INLO-PUB-4/94
Additional file 7 of Intraoperative fluorescence imaging with aminolevulinic acid detects grossly occult breast cancer: a phase II randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Ottolino-Perry, Kathryn
name: Shahid, Anam
name: DeLuca, Stephanie
name: Son, Viktor
name: Sukhram, Mayleen
name: Meng, Fannong
name: Liu, Zhihui ( Amy)
name: Rapic, Sara
name: Anantha, Nayana Thalanki
name: Wang, Shirley C.
name: Chamma, Emilie
name: Gibson, Christopher
name: Medeiros, Philip J.
name: Majeed, Safa
name: Chu, Ashley
name: Wignall, Olivia
name: Pizzolato, Alessandra
name: Rosen, Cheryl F.
name: Teene, Liis Lindvere
name: Starr-Dunham, Danielle
name: Kulbatski, Iris
name: Panzarella, Tony
name: Done, Susan J.
name: Easson, Alexandra M.
name: Leong, Wey L.
name: DaCosta, Ralph S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Developmental Biology
Cancer

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Table 1. Statistical comparison of diagnostic accuracy measures for low and high dose 5-ALA.
Additional file 1: of Statistical relationship between metabolic decomposition and chemical uptake predicts bioconcentration factor data for diverse chemical exposures
Creators: name: Rowland, Michael
name: Wear, Hannah
name: Watanabe, Karen
name: Gust, Kurt
name: Mayo, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supporting Information includes all Supporting Figures and a complete description of the derivation and parameterization of the models used in this work. (PDF 734Â kb)
Polarization fluctuations due to extragalactic sources
Creators: name: De Zotti, G.
name: Gruppioni, C.
name: Ciliegi, P.
name: Burigana, C.
name: Danese, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived the relationship between polarization and intensity fluctuations due to point sources. In the case of a Poisson distribution of a population with uniform evolution properties and constant polarization degree, polarization fluctuations are simply equal to intensity fluctuations times the average polarization degree. Conservative estimates of the polarization degree of the classes of extragalactic sources contributing to fluctuations in the frequency ranges covered by the forthcoming space missions MAP and Planck Surveyor indicate that extragalactic sources will not be a strong limiting factor to measurements of the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background.
description: 15 pages LaTeX file, 3 postscript figures. Uses elsart.sty and elsart.cls Accepted for publication in New Astronomy
Dynamical evolution of an effective two-level system with PT symmetry
Creators: name: Du, Lei
name: Xu, Zhihao
name: Yin, Chuanhao
name: Guo, Liping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of parity- and time-reversal (PT ) symmetric two-energy-level atoms in the presence of two optical and a radio-frequency (rf) fields. The strength and relative phase of fields can drive the system from unbroken to broken PT symmetric regions. Compared with the Hermitian model, Rabi-type oscillation is still observed, and the oscillation characteristics are also adjusted by the strength and relative phase in the region of unbroken PT symmetry. At exception point (EP), the oscillation breaks down. To better understand the underlying properties we study the effective Bloch dynamics and find the emergence of the z components of the fixed points is the feature of the PT symmetry breaking and the projections in x-y plane can be controlled with high flexibility compared with the standard two-level system with PT symmetry. It helps to study the dynamic behavior of the complex PT symmetric model.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures,to appear in CPL
Systematic search for tidal features around nearby galaxies: I. Enhanced SDSS imaging of the Local Volume
Creators: name: Morales, Gustavo
name: Martínez-Delgado, David
name: Grebel, Eva K.
name: Cooper, Andrew P.
name: Javanmardi, Behnam
name: Miskolczi, Arpad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In hierarchical models of galaxy formation, stellar tidal streams are expected around most, if not all, galaxies. Although these features may provide useful diagnostics of the $Λ$CDM model, their observational properties remain poorly constrained because they are challenging to detect and interpret and have been studied in detail for only a sparse sampling of galaxy population. More quantitative, systematic approaches are required. We advocate statistical analysis of the counts and properties of such features in archival wide-field imaging surveys for a direct comparison against results from numerical simulations. Thus, in this paper we aim to study systematically the frequency of occurrence and other observational properties of tidal features around nearby galaxies. The sample we construct will act as a foundational dataset for statistical comparison with cosmological models of galaxy formation. Our approach is based on a visual classification of diffuse features around a volume-limited sample of nearby galaxies, using a post-processing of Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging optimized for the detection of stellar structure with low surface brightness. At a limiting surface brightness of $28\ \mathrm{mag~arcsec^{-2}}$, 14% of the galaxies in our sample exhibit evidence of diffuse features likely to have arisen from minor merging events. Our technique recovers all previously known streams in our sample and yields a number of new candidates. Consistent with previous studies, coherent arc-like features and shells are the most common type of tidal structures found in this study. We conclude that although some detections are ambiguous and could be corroborated or refuted with deeper imaging, our technique provides a reliable foundation for the statistical analysis of diffuse circumgalactic features in wide-area imaging surveys, and for the identification of targets for follow-up studies.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 1 of Downregulation of NKG2DLs by TGF-β in human lung cancer cells
Creators: name: Lee, Young Shin
name: Choi, Hojung
name: Cho, Hae-Ryung
name: Son, Woo-Chang
name: Park, You-Soo
name: Kang, Chi-Dug
name: Bae, Jaeho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1 The direct effect of Galunisertib to the expression of NKG2D ligands on lung cancer cells; A NCI-H23, B SW-900, and C A549. Fig. S2 The expression of PD-L1/2 on lung cancer cells; A NCI-H23, B SW-900, and C A549. Fig. S3 The expression of ADAM10 and ADAM17 after TGF-β and Galunisertib treatment. A NCI-H23 cells; B SW-900 cells; C A549 cells. FigureS4 The modulation of MMP2 by TGF-β and Galunisertib treatment. A MMP2 and actin in NCI-H23 cells; B MMP2 and actin in SW-900 cells; C MMP2 and actin in A549 cells.
Peregrine's system revisited
Creators: name: Durán, Angel
name: Dutykh, Denys
name: Mitsotakis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1967 D. H. Peregrine proposed a Boussinesq-type model for long waves in shallow waters of varying depth. This prominent paper turned a new leaf in coastal hydrodynamics along with contributions by F. Serre, A. E. Green \& P. M. Naghdi and many others since then. Several modern Boussinesq-type systems stem from these pioneering works. In the present work we revise the long wave model traditionally referred to as the Peregrine system. Namely, we propose a modification of the governing equations which is asymptotically similar to the initial model for weakly nonlinear waves, while preserving an additional symmetry of the complete water wave problem. This modification procedure is called the invariantization. We show that the improved system has well conditioned dispersive terms in the swash zone, hence allowing for efficient and stable run-up computations.
description: 43 pages, 91 references, 15 figures, 2 tables. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/
Turbo annulatus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Trochida
Turbinidae
Turbo
Turbo annulatus

description: Turbo annulatus [spec. nov.]
T. testa turrita: anfractuum sutura marginata prominente �
Gvalt. test. t. 58. f. L.
Habitat ..
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 767, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Spectroscopic and physical parameters of Galactic O-type stars. III. Mass discrepancy and rotational mixing
Creators: name: Markova, Nevena
name: Puls, Joachim
name: Langer, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars play a key role in the evolution of the Universe. Our goal is to compare observed and predicted properties of single Galactic O stars to identify and constrain uncertain physical parameters and processes in stellar evolution and atmosphere models. We used a sample of 53 objects with spectral types from O3 to O9.7. For 30 of these, we determined the main photospheric and wind parameters, using optical spectroscopy and applying the FASTWIND code. For the remaining objects, literature data, obtained by means of the CMFGEN code, were used instead. The properties of our sample were compared to published predictions based on two grids evolution models that include rotationally induced mixing. Within each luminosity class, we find a close correlation of N surface abundance and luminosity, and a stronger N enrichment in more massive and evolved O stars. Additionally, a correlation of the surface nitrogen and helium abundances is observed. The large number of nitrogen-enriched stars above ~30 solar masses argues for rotationally induced mixing as the most likely explanation. However, none of the considered models can match the observed trends correctly, especially in the high mass regime. We confirm mass discrepancy for objects in the low mass O-star regime. We conclude that the rotationally induced mixing of helium to the stellar surface is too strong in some of the models. We also suggest that present inadequacies of the models to represent the N enrichment in more massive stars with relatively slow rotation might be related to problematic efficiencies of rotational mixing. We are left with a picture in which invoking binarity and magnetic fields is required to achieve a more complete agreement of the observed surface properties of a population of massive main- sequence stars with corresponding evolutionary models.
description: 30 pages, 16 figures, 3 appendices
$\sin 2β$ from $K\toπν\barν$
Creators: name: Buchalla, Gerhard
name: Buras, Andrzej J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the measurement of just the two branching fractions \linebreak $B(K^+\toπ^+ν\barν)$ and $B(K_L\toπ^0ν\barν)$ can in a theoretically clean manner determine $\sin 2β$ almost independently of $m_t$ and $V_{cb}$. This allows to obtain an interesting relation between the CP asymmetry $A_{CP}(ψK_S)$ in B physics and the branching ratios for these two rare K decays. The recently calculated next-to-leading order QCD corrections improve the accuracy of this analysis. We find typically $Δ\sin 2β=\pm 0.11$ provided $B(\kpn)$ and $B(\klpn)$ are measured within $\pm 10\%$ accuracy. With decreasing uncertainty in $Λ_{\overline{MS}}$ and $m_c$ this error could be reduced to $Δ\sin 2β< \pm 0.10$. The determination of $\sin 2α$ and $\sin 2γ$ on the other hand is rather poor. However respectable determinations of the Wolfenstein parameter $η$ and of $\mid V_{td}\mid$ can be obtained.
description: 9 pages, MPI-PhT/94-19
Can inflationary models of cosmic perturbations evade the secondary oscillation test?
Creators: name: Lewin, Alex
name: Albrecht, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the consequences of an observed Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy spectrum containing no secondary oscillations. While such a spectrum is generally considered to be a robust signature of active structure formation, we show that such a spectrum {\em can} be produced by (very unusual) inflationary models or other passive evolution models. However, we show that for all these passive models the characteristic oscillations would show up in other observable spectra. Our work shows that when CMB polarization and matter power spectra are taken into account secondary oscillations are indeed a signature of even these very exotic passive models. We construct a measure of the observability of secondary oscillations in a given experiment, and show that even with foregrounds both the MAP and \pk satellites should be able to distinguish between models with and without oscillations. Thus we conclude that inflationary and other passive models can {\em not} evade the secondary oscillation test.
description: Final version accepted for publication in PRD. Minor improvements have been made to the discussion and new data has been included. The conclusions are unchagned
Additional file 1 of Prevalence, aetiologies and prognosis of the symptom cough in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Bergmann, Milena
name: Haasenritter, Jörg
name: Beidatsch, Dominik
name: Schwarm, Sonja
name: Hörner, Kaja
name: Bösner, Stefan
name: Grevenrath, Paula
name: Schmidt, Laura
name: Viniol, Annika
name: Donner-Banzhoff, Norbert
name: Becker, Annette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Detailed search strategy.
The Physics of the Chiral Fermions
Creators: name: Feruglio, Ferruccio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the aspects of chiral gauge theories related to the violation of the decoupling property. The case of the top quark is worked out in detail. The mechanism of anomaly cancellation in the low-energy effective theory is illustrated in a simple model.
description: 37 pages, LaTeX, DFPD 94/TH/32, Lectures given at the XVII International School of Theoretical Physics "Standard Model and Beyond '93", Sczcyrk (Poland), September 19-27, 1993
Additional file 3: of Evolutionary stability of topologically associating domains is associated with conserved gene regulation
Creators: name: Krefting, Jan
name: Andrade-Navarro, Miguel
name: Ibn-Salem, Jonas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S3. Distance between rearrangement breakpoints and random controls to closest TAD boundary. For each species (y-axis) and fill size threshold (vertical panels) the distances from all identified rearrangement breakpoints to its closest TAD boundary (x-axis) are compared between actual rearrangements (blue) and 100 times randomized background controls (gray). The left panel shows distances to next hESC TAD boundary and the right panel distances to closest GM12878 contact domain boundary. P-values according to Wilcoxonâ s rank-sum test. (PDF 14 kb)
The effect of radiative cooling on the X-ray properties of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Pearce, F. R.
name: Thomas, P. A.
name: Couchman, H. M. P.
name: Edge, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the effect of cooling on the X-ray properties of galaxy clusters. We have performed N-body, hydrodynamical simulations both with and without the effects of radiative cooling, but neglecting the effects of star formation and feedback. We show that radiative cooling produces an inflow of high-entropy gas from the outer parts of the cluster, thus \emph{raising} the cluster temperature and \emph{decreasing} the X-ray luminosity. With radiative cooling clusters are on average three to five times less luminous in X-rays than the same cluster simulated without cooling. However, we do not produce a large constant-density core in either the gas or the dark matter distributions. Our results contradict previous work in which cooling raises the X-ray luminosity and deposits an unreasonably large amount of mass in the central cluster galaxy. We achieve this by selecting our numerical resolution in such a way that a reasonable fraction of the baryonic material cools and by decoupling the hot and cold gas in our simulations, a first step towards modelling multiphase gas. We emphasise that globally cooling a sensible amount of material is vital and the presence or absence of massive central concentrations of cold baryonic material has a dramatic effect upon the resultant X-ray properties of the clusters.
description: 14 pages, accepted to MNRAS, substantially revised from previous version
One-Dimensional Sums and Finitized Characters of $2 \times 2$ Fused RSOS Models
Creators: name: Fehér, György Z.
name: Pearce, Paul A.
name: Vittorini-Orgeas, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tartaglia and Pearce have argued that the nonunitary $n\times n$ fused Forrester-Baxter $\mbox{RSOS}(m,m')$ models are described, in the continuum scaling limit, by the minimal models ${\cal M}(M,M',n)$ constructed as the higher-level conformal cosets $(A^{(1)}_1)_k\otimes (A^{(1)}_1)_n/(A^{(1)}_1)_{k+n}$ at integer fusion level $n\ge 1$ and fractional level $k=nM/(M'\!-\!M)-2$ with $(M,M')=\big(nm-(n\!-\!1)m',m'\big)$. These results rely on Yang-Baxter integrability and are valid in Regime III for models determined by the crossing parameter $λ=(m'\!-\!m)π/m'$ in the interval $02m$. We further conjecture finitized bosonic forms and check that these agree with the ground state one-dimensional sums out to system sizes $N=12$. The $2\times 2$ $\mbox{RSOS}(m,m')$ models thus realize new Yang-Baxter integrable models in the universality classes of the minimal models ${\cal M}(m,m',1)$. For the series ${\cal M}(m,2m+1,1)$ with $m\ge 2$, the spin-1 one-dimensional sums were previously analysed by Jacob and Mathieu without the underlying Yang-Baxter structure. Finitized Kac characters $χ_{r,s}^{m,m';(N)}(q)$ for the logarithmic minimal models ${\cal LM}(p,p',1)$ are also obtained for $p'\ge 2p$ by taking the logarithmic limit $m,m'\to\infty$ with $m'/m\to p'/p+$.
Additional file 2: of Evolutionary stability of topologically associating domains is associated with conserved gene regulation
Creators: name: Krefting, Jan
name: Andrade-Navarro, Miguel
name: Ibn-Salem, Jonas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2. Distribution of evolutionary rearrangement breakpoints between human and 12 vertebrate genomes around domains. Relative breakpoint numbers from human and different species (horizontal panels) around hESC TADs (left), GM12878 contact domains (center), and GRBs (left). Blue color scale represents breakpoints from different fill-size thresholds. Dotted lines in gray show simulated background controls of randomly placed breakpoints. (PDF 42 kb)
ФАРМАЦЕВТИКА СОҲАСИДА ЗАРУР АМАЛИЁТЛАР (GXP) ТАЛАБЛАРИНИ БОСҚИЧМА-БОСҚИЧ ЖОРИЙ ЭТИШ ЧОРА-ТАДБИРЛАРИ ТАҲЛИЛИ
Creators: name: Ибрагимова, М.Я.
name: Махмудова, И.Н.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Сифат бошқаруви якка тартибда ёки умуман маҳсулот сифатига таъсир этувчи масалаларни қамраб олувчи тушунча сифатида дори воситалари сифатини улардан фойдаланиш мақсадга мувофиқлигини таъминлашга қаратилган ташкилий чора-тадбирлар мажмуаси юзасидан таҳлилий ишлар олиб борилган. Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг фармойиши, Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг қарори фойдаланилган.
On the Potential Observation of False Deviations from General Relativity in Gravitational Wave Observations from Binary Black Holes
Creators: name: Pang, Peter T. H.
name: Bustillo, Juan Calderón
name: Wang, Yifan
name: Li, Tjonnie G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detections of gravitational waves emitted by binary black holes allow for tests of General Relativity in the strong-field regime. In particular, deviations from General Relativity can be observed by comparing incoming signals to waveform templates that include parametrized deviations from General Relativity. However, it is essential that the General Relativity sector of these templates accounts for all predictable physics. Otherwise, missing physics might be mimicked by the "beyond General Relativity" sector of the templates, leading the analysis to report apparent deviations from General Relativity. Current parametrized tests implement templates that omit physical phenomena such as orbital eccentricity and higher-order modes. In this paper, we show how the omission of higher modes can lead to false deviations from General Relativity when these effects are strong enough. We study the extent of these deviations as a function of the mass ratio and the orbital orientation. We find that significant false deviations can arise when current tests are performed on signals emitted by asymmetric binaries whose orbital angular momentum is orthogonal to the line-of-sight. We estimate that the Advanced LIGO-Virgo network operating at its design sensitivity can observe false violations with a significance above $5 σ$ as often as once per year. Similar results are expected for other tests of General Relativity that use modified waveform models. Hence, we stress the necessity of accurate waveform models that include physical effects such as higher-order modes to trust future tests of General Relativity.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Turbo bidens Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Trochida
Turbinidae
Turbo
Turbo bidens

description: Turbo bidens [spec. nov.]
T. testa turrita pellucida: anfractibus contrariis sutura subcrenata, apertura postice bidendata.
Gvalt. test. t. 4. f. C.
Habitat in Europa australi; terrestris.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 767, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Spin Alignment in the Production of Vector Mesons with Charm and/or Beauty via Heavy Quark Fragmentation
Creators: name: Cheung, Kingman
name: Yuan, Tzu Chiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the process-independent fragmentation functions for a $\bar b$ antiquark to fragment into longitudinally and transversely polarized $B_c^*$ ($^3S_1$) mesons to leading order in the QCD strong coupling constant. In the special case of equal quark mass we recover previous results for the fragmentation of $c\to ψ$ and $b\toΥ$. Various spin asymmetry parameters are defined as measures of the relative population of the longitudinally and transversely polarized vector meson states. In the heavy quark mass limit $m_b \to \infty$ our polarized fragmentation functions obey heavy quark spin symmetry, we therefore apply them as a model to describe the fragmentation of charm and bottom into heavy-light mesons like $D^*$ and $B^*$. The spin asymmetry parameter, $α(z)$, is consistent with the existing CLEO data for $D^*$. The scaling behavior of $\langle z \rangle$ is studied in detail. We find excellent agreement between the predictions of $\langle z \rangle$ from our fragmentation functions and the experimental data for $D^*$ and $B^*$ from the LEP, CLEO, and ARGUS detectors. Finally, we also point out that the spin asymmetry depends significantly on the transverse momentum $p_\perp$ of the vector mesons relative to the fragmentation axis.
description: 32 pages, 8 figures (not included but will send upon request), standard LaTeX file, Report # NUHEP-TH-94-7 and UCD-94-4
Additional file 3: of Board certification and urbanâ rural migration of physicians in Japan
Creators: name: Koike, Soichi
name: Matsumoto, Masatoshi
name: Kawaguchi, Hideaki
name: Ide, Hiroo
name: Atarashi, Hidenao
name: Kotani, Kazuhiko
name: Yasunaga, Hideo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Rural practice and odds of keeping board certification (sub-analysis of the individual specialties). (PDF 46 kb)
Additional file 2 of Prevalence, aetiologies and prognosis of the symptom cough in primary care: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Bergmann, Milena
name: Haasenritter, Jörg
name: Beidatsch, Dominik
name: Schwarm, Sonja
name: Hörner, Kaja
name: Bösner, Stefan
name: Grevenrath, Paula
name: Schmidt, Laura
name: Viniol, Annika
name: Donner-Banzhoff, Norbert
name: Becker, Annette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Assessment of methodological quality, risk of bias and sources of clinical heterogeneity.
The obscured growth of massive black holes
Creators: name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass density of massive black holes observed locally is consistent with the hard X-ray Background provided that most of the radiation produced during their growth was absorbed by surrounding gas. A simple model is proposed here for the formation of galaxy bulges and central black holes in which young spheroidal galaxies have a significant distributed component of cold dusty clouds which accounts for the absorption. The central accreting black hole is assumed to emit both a quasar-like spectrum, which is absorbed by the surrounding gas, and a slow wind. The power in both is less than the Eddington limit for the black hole. The wind however exerts the most force on the gas and, as earlier suggested by Silk & Rees, when the black hole reaches a critical mass, it is powerful enough to eject the cold gas from the galaxy, so terminating the growth of both black hole and galaxy. In the present model this point occurs when the Thomson depth in the surrounding gas has dropped to about unity and results in the mass of the black hole being proportional to the mass of the spheroid, with the normalization agreeing with that found for local galaxies by Magorrian et al. for reasonable wind parameters. The model predicts a new population of hard X-ray and sub-mm sources at redshifts above one which are powered by black holes in their main growth phase.
description: 5 pages, no figures, MN LATEX style, accepted for publication in the MNRAS
Catalysis of Dynamical Flavor Symmetry Breaking by a Magnetic Field in $2+1$ Dimensions
Creators: name: Gusynin, V. P.
name: Miransky, V. A.
name: Shovkovy, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that in $2+1$ dimensions, a constant magnetic field is a strong catalyst of dynamical flavor symmetry breaking, leading to generating a fermion dynamical mass even at the weakest attractive interaction between fermions. The effect is illustrated in the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in a magnetic field. The low-energy effective action in this model is derived and the thermodynamic properties of the model are established. The relevance of this effect for planar condensed matter systems is pointed out.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX. The final version (with minor corrections) which appeared in Phys.Rev.Lett. 73 (1994) 3499
Criterions for retrograde rotation of accreting black holes
Creators: name: Mikhailov, A. G.
name: Piotrovich, M. Yu.
name: Gnedin, Yu. N.
name: Natsvlishvili, T. M.
name: Buliga, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotating supermassive black holes produce jets and their origin is connected to magnetic field that is generated by accreting matter flow. There is a point of view that electromagnetic fields around rotating black holes are brought to the hole by accretion. In this situation the prograde accreting disks produce weaker large-scale black hole threading magnetic fields, implying weaker jets that in retrograde regimes. The basic goal of this paper is to find the best candidates for retrograde accreting systems in observed active galactic nuclei. We show that active galactic nuclei with low Eddington ratio are really the best candidates for retrograde systems. This conclusion is obtained for kinetically dominated FRII radio galaxies, flat spectrum radio loud narrow line Seyfert I galaxies and a number of nearby galaxies. Our conclusion is that the best candidates for retrograde systems are the noticeable population of active galactic nuclei in the Universe. This result corresponds to the conclusion that in the merging process the interaction of merging black holes with a retrograde circumbinary disk is considerably more effective for shrinking the binary system.
description: 5 pages
Spinon Fractionalization from Dynamic Structure Factor of Spin-1/2 Heisenberg Antiferromagnet on the Kagome Lattice
Creators: name: Zhu, W.
name: Gong, Shou-Shu
name: Sheng, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamical spin structure factor (DSSF) of S = 1/2 Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice (KAFM) by means of density-matrix renormalization group. By comparison with the well-defined magnetic ordered state and chiral spin liquid sitting nearby in the phase diagram, the KAFM with the nearest-neighbor interaction shows distinct dynamical response behaviors. First of all, the DSSF displays important spectral intensity predominantly at low frequency region around Q = M point in momentum space, and shows a broad spectral distribution at high frequency region for momenta along the boundary of the extended Brillouin zone. Secondly, spinon excitation spectrum is identified from momentum and energy resolved DSSF, which shows critical behavior with much reduced spectrum intensity comparing to the neighboring chiral spin liquid. By adding a weak Dzyaloshinkii-Moriya interaction, the DSSF demonstrates a strong sensitivity to the boundary condition smore consistent with a gapless spin liquid. These results capture the main observations in the inelastic neutron scattering measurements of herbertsmithite, and indicate the spin liquid nature of the ground state with fractionalized spinon excitations. By following the DSSF crossing the quantum phase transition between the CSL and the magnetical ordered phase, we identify the spinon condensation driving the quantum phase transition.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Turbo perversus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Trochida
Turbinidae
Turbo
Turbo perversus

description: Turbo perversus [spec. nov.]
T. testa turrita pellucida: anfractibus contrariis, apertura edentula.
Fn. svec. 1300.
List. angl. 124. t. 2. f. 11.
Habitat in Europae muscosis; terrestris.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 767, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Charge transport and electron-hole asymmetry in low-mobility graphene/hexagonal boron nitride heterostructures
Creators: name: Li, Jiayu
name: Lin, Li
name: Huang, Guang-Yao
name: Kang, N.
name: Zhang, Jincan
name: Peng, Hailin
name: Liu, Zhongfan
name: Xu, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (G/$h$-BN) heterostructures offer an excellent platform for developing nanoelectronic devices and for exploring correlated states in graphene under modulation by a periodic superlattice potential. Here, we report on transport measurements of nearly $0^{\circ}$-twisted G/$h$-BN heterostructures. The heterostructures investigated are prepared by dry transfer and thermally annealing processes and are in the low mobility regime (approximately $3000~\mathrm{cm}^{2}\mathrm{V}^{-1}\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ at 1.9 K). The replica Dirac spectra and Hofstadter butterfly spectra are observed on the hole transport side, but not on the electron transport side, of the heterostructures. We associate the observed electron-hole asymmetry to the presences of a large difference between the opened gaps in the conduction and valence bands and a strong enhancement in the interband contribution to the conductivity on the electron transport side in the low-mobility G/$h$-BN heterostructures. We also show that the gaps opened at the central Dirac point and the hole-branch secondary Dirac point are large, suggesting the presence of strong graphene-substrate interaction and electron-electron interaction in our G/$h$-BN heterostructures. Our results provide additional helpful insight into the transport mechanism in G/$h$-BN heterostructures.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures