cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Social Media and Not-for-profit Sport Organizations
Creators: name: Naraine, Michael Lance
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: social media
sport

description: The purpose of this dissertation was to address the degree to which social media can be utilized as a tool for stakeholder communication by not-for-profit sport organizations. Delimited to national sport organizations, specifically those in a Canadian context, and using a stakeholder theory approach, the project advanced three major research objectives: (1) determine what not-for-profit sport organizations are communicating to their stakeholders via social media, including identifying forces and pressures that impact content and messaging; (2) identify which stakeholders are positioned and advantaged in the social network of not-for-profit sport organizations; and (3) uncover the contextual factors that have enabled the use of social media channels by not-for-profit sport organizations. In order to accomplish these objectives, the dissertation was structured into three interconnected stages parsed into three research articles – each with its own supporting theoretical framework (i.e., institutional theory, network theory, and the contextualist approach to organizational change) – providing findings discussed using a stakeholder perspective. In the first article, the results found social media communication was predominantly used for promoting, reporting, and informing purposes, attributable to the coercive (e.g., funding partners), mimetic (e.g., salient organization routines), and normative (e.g., best practices) pressures at play. In the second article, fans, elite athletes, photographers, competing sport organizations, and local sport clubs were identified as key stakeholders with significant advantage given their position in the social media network of not-for-profit organizations. The final article revealed social media has yet to radically impact the operations of these organizations, highlighting some of the challenges related to social media communication. Cumulatively, the findings illustrate not-for-profit sport organizations can improve upon their current use of social media as a stakeholder communications tool. Through the implementation of a unique social media strategy composed of multiple philosophies, not-for-profit sport organizations could consider the variance in stakeholder groups while incorporating the immediacy and engagement social media requires. In doing so, organizations may create the conditions to satisfy stakeholder expectations and increase organizational capacity simultaneously. Concurrently, the findings represent a basis for future research using organizational theory frameworks to explain new trends and phenomena in the social media and sport domain.
Widefield Microwave Imaging in Alkali Vapor Cells with sub-100 um Resolution
Creators: name: Horsley, Andrew
name: Du, Guan-Xiang
name: Treutlein, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on widefield microwave vector field imaging with sub um resolution using a microfabricated alkali vapor cell. The setup can additionally image dc magnetic fields, and can be configured to image microwave electric fields. Our camera-based widefield imaging system records 2D images with a 6x6 mm2 field of view at a rate of 10 Hz. It provides up to 50 um spatial resolution, and allows imaging of fields as close as 150 um above structures, through the use of thin external cell walls. This is crucial in allowing us to take practical advantage of the high spatial resolution, as feature sizes in near-fields are on the order of the distance from their source, and represents an order of magnitude improvement in surface-feature resolution compared to previous vapor cell experiments. We present microwave and dc magnetic field images above a selection of devices, demonstrating a microwave sensitivity of 1.4 uT/sqrt-Hz per 50x50x140 um3 voxel, at present limited by the speed of our camera system. Since we image 120x120 voxels in parallel, a single scanned sensor would require a sensitivity of at least 12 nT/sqrt-Hz to produce images with the same sensitivity. Our technique could prove transformative in the design, characterisation, and debugging of microwave devices, as there are currently no satisfactory established microwave imaging techniques. Moreover, it could find applications in medical imaging.
description: Supplementary movies only available in journal version
The construction of a socialist city by East German engineers in the late 1950s
Creators: name: Tomita, Hideo
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: In the late 1950s, hundreds of East German engineers moved to the North Korean city of Hamhung to help with urban reconstruction after the Korean War; they were known as the ‘German Work Team Hamhung’. However, research on cross-border propagation of city planning for mass demonstrations appears to be non-existent. Therefore, this study investigates the square and street network designed for mass demonstrations in Hamhung and evaluates it from a socialist city planning history perspective. The research findings revealed the following: The reconstruction plan of Hamhung as a socialist city in the latter half of the 1950s had characteristics similar to the socialist cities of the Soviet Union (early 1930s) and East Germany (early 1950s). German architects contributed transnationally to the construction of socialist cities. In particular, in the case of Hamhung, the presence of Konrad Püschel was substantive. As mentioned above, although the East German engineers followed the concept and methodology in the aforementioned socialist states, they adapted them to the local circumstances that were ascertained by detailed preliminary survey work. Their activities represent the unconsidered aspect of the global/worldwide spread of the concept and methodology of socialist city planning.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Utilizing the slope of the brightness temperature continuum as a diagnostic tool of solar ALMA observations
Creators: name: Eklund, Henrik
name: Szydlarski, Mikolaj
name: Wedemeyer, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intensity of radiation at millimeter wavelengths from the solar atmosphere is closely related to the plasma temperature and the height of formation of the radiation is wavelength dependent. From that follows that the slope of the brightness temperature (T$_\mathrm{b}$) continuum, samples the local gradient of the gas temperature of the sampled layers in the solar atmosphere. We use solar observations from the Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) and perform estimations and prediction of the slope of the T$_\mathrm{b}$ continuum based on differences between synthetic observables at different ALMA receiver sub-bands (2.8-3.2 mm; band 3) and (1.20-1.31 mm; band 6) from a state-of-the-art 3D rMHD simulation. The slope of the continuum is coupled to the small-scale dynamics and a positive sign indicates an increase in temperature with height while a negative sign implies a decrease. Network patches are dominated by large positive slopes while quiet Sun region show a mixture of positive and negative slopes, much in connection to propagating shock waves and the temporal evolution of the slopes can therefore be used to identify shocks. The observability of the slope of brightness temperatures is estimated for angular resolutions corresponding to ALMA observations. The simulations also show that the radiation of both bands 3 and 6 can origin from several components at different heights simultaneously and that the delay of shock signatures between two wavelengths does not necessarily reflect the propagation speed, but could be caused by different rate of change of opacity of above-lying layers. The slope of the T$_\mathrm{b}$ continuum sampled at different ALMA receiver sub-bands serves as indicator of the slope of the local plasma temperature at the sampled heights in the atmosphere, which offers new diagnostic possibilities to measure the underlying physical properties.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures with appendix of 2 pages and 1 figure. Accepted for publication in A&A
Charles Taylor and the Place of the Transcendent in Secular Modern Lives
Creators: name: Campbell, Anthony Edward Hugh
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Charles Taylor
secular
secularity debate
fullness
flourishing
dialectic
Hegel
Nietzsche
transcendent horizon
immanent frame
synthesis
reconciliation
transformation
agape

description: This study explores the thought of Charles Taylor, Canada's preeminent living philosopher, concerning "our present predicament." This, he defines as the unprecedented freedom but also unavoidable need we moderns have in a secular modern world to chose between belief and unbelief in our individual lives. It is a choice we must make, but it entails very high stakes. Appropriating Hegel's dialectical perspective, Taylor sees it as a choice between enjoying "flourishing" lives with possibly some degree of "fullness" in the immanent frame, or aspiring to flourishing lives with the possibility of the fullest of fullness of life living in a horizon of the transcendent. The risk in the atheistic exclusive humanist and anti-humanist frames is the threat described by Nietzsche of nihilism, decadence, violence and suppression. Taylor warns about the risks but is a "booster" of secular modernity because of its undeniable benefits to humanity. Moreover, he agrees with Hegel's "spiral" view as opposed to opposing linear and deterministic views of historical development. Therefore, he anticipates a reconciliation of contemporary "contradictions" in modern culture in the form of individual personal transformation towards a new "agapiac" transcendent synthesis. This hopeful message sees a recovery of spiritual "goods" and personal "articulacy" from the richness of the past without the futile expectation of a return to that past. This would open the possibility of a new place for the fullness of the transcendent in secular modern lives.
First Light Results from the Hermes Spectrograph at the AAT
Creators: name: Sheinis, Andrew
name: Anguiano, Borja
name: Asplund, Martin
name: Bacigalupo, Carlos
name: Barden, Sam
name: Birchall, Michael
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Brzeski, Jurek
name: Cannon, Russell
name: Carollo, Daniela
name: Case, Scott
name: Casey, Andrew
name: Churilov, Vladimir
name: Warrick, Couch
name: Dean, Robert
name: De Silva, Gayandhi
name: D'Orazi, Valentina
name: Duong, Ly
name: Farrell, Tony
name: Fiegert, Kristin
name: Freeman, Kenneth
name: Gabriella, Frost
name: Gers, Luke
name: Goodwin, Michael
name: Gray, Doug
name: Green, Andrew
name: Heald, Ron
name: Heijmans, Jeroen
name: Ireland, Michael
name: Jones, Damien
name: Kafle, Prajwal
name: Keller, Stefan
name: Klauser, Urs
name: Kondrat, Yuriy
name: Kos, Janez
name: Lawrence, Jon
name: Lee, Steve
name: Mali, Slavko
name: Martell, Sarah
name: Mathews, Darren
name: Mayfield, Don
name: Miziarski, Stan
name: Muller, Rolf
name: Pai, Naveen
name: Patterson, Robert
name: Penny, Ed
name: Orr, David
name: Schlesinger, Katharine
name: Sharma, Sanjib
name: Shortridge, Keith
name: Simpson, Jeffrey
name: Smedley, Scott
name: Smith, Greg
name: Stafford, Darren
name: Staszak, Nicholas
name: Vuong, Minh
name: Waller, Lewis
name: de Boer, Elizabeth Wylie
name: Xavier, Pascal
name: Zheng, Jessica
name: Zhelem, Ross
name: Zucker, Daniel
name: Zwitter, Tomaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The High Efficiency and Resolution Multi Element Spectrograph, HERMES, is a facility-class optical spectrograph for the Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT). It is designed primarily for Galactic Archaeology, the first major attempt to create a detailed understanding of galaxy formation and evolution by studying the history of our own galaxy, the Milky Way. The goal of the GALAH survey is to reconstruct the mass assembly history of the Milky Way through a detailed chemical abundance study of one million stars. The spectrograph is based at the AAT and is fed by the existing 2dF robotic fiber positioning system. The spectrograph uses volume phase holographic gratings to achieve a spectral resolving power of 28,000 in standard mode and also provides a high-resolution mode ranging between 40,000 and 50,000 using a slit mask. The GALAH survey requires an SNR greater than 100 for a star brightness of V ?= 14 in an exposure time of one hour. The total spectral coverage of the four channels is about 100 nm between 370 and 1000 nm for up to 392 simultaneous targets within the 2-degree field of view. HERMES has been commissioned over three runs, during bright time in October, November, and December 2013, in parallel with the beginning of the GALAH pilot survey, which started in November 2013. We present the first-light results from the commissioning run and the beginning of the GALAH survey, including performance results such as throughput and resolution, as well as instrument reliability.
description: 22 pages, 28 figures. AAT, 2dF, HERMES
Passé ludique et déviations historiques: Sens et fonction du Moyen Âge dans les jeux de rôle
Creators: name: Viveiros, Guillaume
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Médiévalisme
Jeu de rôle

description: Le présent travail de recherche s’intéresse à la manifestation du phénomène du médiévalisme dans le loisir des jeux de rôle. Il propose une réponse à la problématique suivante : quel sens revêt le Moyen Âge dans les jeux de rôle et comment expliquer son succès? En somme, pourquoi le Moyen Âge? Pour parvenir à résoudre cette problématique, il a été nécessaire d’effectuer une analyse visuelle et textuelle d’un corpus composé de livres de jeux de rôle et d’œuvres artistiques liées à la culture rôliste. Cette analyse a permis d’établir que le Moyen Âge est perçu comme la période de tous les possibles, une époque sans limites, entièrement malléable et modulable. L’objectif de ce travail est de sensibiliser les médiévistes aux particularités du jeu de rôle et démontrer sa valeur originale comme champ d’études légitime du médiévalisme.
Cross-Cultural Engineering
Creators: name: Iwamoto, Kazumasa
name: Hein, Carola
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: This is particularly true for the Japanese case, where civil engineering has played a major role in the country’s modernization and westernization since the mid-19th century. The design and engineering of Japanese ports from the 1870s to 1890s is a case in point. This contribution explores the degree to which civil engineering engaged with port city design by studying investigative reports, design drawings and survey maps established by Dutch civil engineers in collaboration with Japanese practitioners. It identifies three types of cross-cultural engineering. 1. Building a new port: Some Dutch engineers proposed complex projects combining water management and port basins, jetties with urban form, but these were only partially implemented. 2. Improvement of Port Functions: The Japanese engineers were particularly receptive for the design of breakwaters, the practice of dredging and the construction of basins; notably the technique of breakwaters became a staple in textbook and spread through Japan. 3: Development of the Port. The engineers developed a complete vision for a new port, but diverse reasons hindered realization, including natural features that disturbed the construction of the port. These three types stand as examples of the intricacies of cross cultural engineering in engineering and planning.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Variable Energy X-ray Fluorescence Source
Creators: name: Elliott, S. R.
name: Bond, E. M.
name: Dodson, B.
name: Rusev, G.
name: Massarczyk, R.
name: Meijer, S. J.
name: Stortini, M.
name: Wiseman, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detail the design of a variable energy, x-ray fluorescence source using a low activity (1.8$\times10^6$~dpm) \nuc{99}{Tc} $β$ source that irradiates thin foils. By rotating the source among foils of Ti, Zn, Nb, Ag, and Au, the device produces x rays between 4 and 70 keV at a rate near 1 Hz. When the source is placed in a storage position, the external radiation is non-detectable. The design of the shielding and rotation mechanism permits use in vacuum and at liquid nitrogen temperature. The design is intended for the study of the low energy response to radiation impinging upon Ge detector surfaces. The source will be useful for understanding the detector response in large-scale Ge arrays such as \textsc{Majorana} and LEGEND.
description: planned submission to JINST
title: Основы гидравлики
title: Учебное пособие для СПО
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Гусев В.П.
name:  Гусева Ж.А.
Publisher: name: Профобразование
Year: 2017

description: Рассматриваются главные вопросы гидромеханики жидкостей и газов. В доступной форме освещены основы теории технической гидравлики и представлены решения для ряда прикладных задач. Представлены справочные материалы по физико-химическим и термодинамическим свойствам жидкостей и газов, а также по применению системы единиц измерения физических величин (СИ) на территории РФ. Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по специальности 13.02.04. Гидроэлектроэнергетические установки.
description: Discusses the major issues of fluid mechanics of liquids and gases. Available in the form of illuminated fundamentals of the theory of technical hydraulics and provides solutions for a range of applications. Presents background material on physical-chemical and thermodynamic properties of liquids and gases, and use of systems of measurement units of physical quantities (SI) in the territory of the Russian Federation. Designed for students majoring in 13.02.04. Hydropower installation.
Long Term Patient Centered Outcomes Following Oral Appliance Therapy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Creators: name: Cronin, Carolyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The long-term patient-centered outcomes of oral appliance therapy (OAT) for management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are not well understood. This study aims to assess the general and condition specific quality of life and perceived occlusal and functional changes of individuals with OSA who had OAT delivery two years or longer ago.  3 validated (SAQLI, SF-36, PSPOF) and 1 custom (Oral Compliance) questionnaire were mailed to 139 identified patients from the UNC School of Dentistry Sleep Clinic who had met inclusion criteria of: a PSG diagnosis of OSA, age 18-60 at time of OAT delivery and had delivery of OAT 2 years or longer ago for management of OSA.  31 patients, 58% male with mean age of 49 returned completed questionnaires.  58% of these patients continued to wear OAT for a mean 4.9 years (SD=1.77), and those who discontinued OAT reported use of CPAP, weight loss, BSSO, or nothing to manage their OSA.  For quality of life, there were no statistically significant average differences between wearers and non-wearers of OAT in regards to PSPOF or SF-36 subscores.  In the SAQLI, those that continued OAT reported greater perception of general health than non-wearers.  Non-wearers reported significantly greater problems with side effects from current treatment for OSA than wearers did from OAT. The long-term adherence to OAT was high suggesting quality of life benefits to this type of therapy for managing OSA.  Long term OAT adherence is a function of patients’ perceptions to both the conferred benefits of treatment and the unfavorable treatment induced side effects.
M Subdwarf Research III. Spectroscopic Diagnostics for Breaking Parameter Degeneracy
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuo
name: Zhang, Hua-Wei
name: Comte, Georges
name: Homeier, Derek
name: Wang, Rui
name: Hejazi, Neda
name: Li, Yin-Bi
name: Luo, A-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the parameter degeneracy of M subdwarf spectra at low resolution, we assemble a large number of spectral features in the wavelength range of 0.6-2.5 μm with band strength quantified by narrowband indices. Based on the index trends of BT-Settl model sequences, we illustrate how the main atmospheric parameters (Teff, log g, [M/H], and [alpha/Fe]) affect each spectral feature differently. Furthermore, we propose a four-step process to determine the four parameters sequentially, which extends the basic idea proposed by Jao et al. Each step contains several spectral features that break the degeneracy effect when determining a specific stellar parameter. Finally, the feasibility of each spectroscopic diagnostic with different spectral qualities is investigated. The result is resolution-independent down to R~200.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Correlation-driven multigap d-wave superconductivity in Anderson lattice model
Creators: name: Wysokiński, M. M.
name: Kaczmarczyk, J.
name: Spałek, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the full Gutzwiller-wave-function solution of the Anderson lattice model in two dimensions that leads to the correlation-driven multigap superconducting (SC) ground state with the dominant $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave symmetry. The results are consistent with the principal properties of the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn$_5$. We regard the pairing mechanism as universal and thus applicable to other Ce-based heavy-fermion compounds. Additionally, a gain in kinetic energy in the SC state takes place, as is also the case for high-temperature superconductors.
Urban forms at intersection of Imperialism and Colonialism
Creators: name: Hindi, Nadine
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Towards the end of the 19th century and the WWI geopolitical aftermath, Beirut presents a case along the Eastern Mediterranean at the intersection of two major colonial powers, the Ottoman Imperialism and French Colonialism. Dissociated from the province of Damascus in 1888, Beirut was elevated to the rank of provincial capital of Wilâya, the geographical borders of which spanned the equivalent of four actual countries. Following this administrative upgrade Beirut benefited from the Tanzimat reforms and the Sultan Abdul Hamid II jubilee in 1901. This paper will highlight the implementations of these political moments on urban forms and the urban landmarks for the ruler’s glory. Under the French mandate, Beirut role shifted from being provincial capital of a Wilâya part of the Ottoman Empire, to being capital of a Republic country with newly defined borders. Preceding the French Colonialism, Sultan Abdul Hamid II envisioned Westernizing some of the Ottoman Empire cities to the image of the European urban model. Alternately, the French were very enthusiastic to modernize Beirut, their prime image in the Levant. At this moment, Beirut’s urban fate was at the intersection of two visions of Westernization, the late Ottoman Imperialism and the early French Colonialism. An attempt to better understand the urban implications of this turn of century intersection, will be achieved by highlighting urban forms continuities and ruptures as a methodology observed in the broader geopolitical context. It is a chance to reflect on the modes of borrowing Western urban forms and examining the blurred boundaries of their planning, juxtaposition or imposition on an existing urban order. It will as well unfold in a parallel mode how each colonial power approached and applied different urban practices on their occupied territories.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Chemical Mixing Induced by Internal Gravity Waves in Intermediate Mass Stars
Creators: name: Varghese, A.
name: Ratnasingam, R. P.
name: Vanon, R.
name: Edelmann, P. V. F.
name: Rogers, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Internal gravity waves (IGWs) can cause mixing in the radiative interiors of stars. We study this mixing by introducing tracer particles into two - dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic simulations. Following the work of Rogers & McElwaine (2017), arXiv:1709.04920, we extend our study to different masses (3 M$_{\odot}$, 7 M$_{\odot}$ and 20 M$_{\odot}$) and ages (ZAMS, midMS and TAMS). The diffusion profiles of these models are influenced by various parameters such as the Brunt-Väisälä frequency, density, thermal damping, the geometric effect and the frequencies of waves contributing to these mixing profiles. We find that the mixing profile changes dramatically across age. In younger stars, we noted that the diffusion coefficient increases towards the surface, whereas in older stars the initial increase in the diffusion profile is followed by a decreasing trend. We also find that mixing is stronger in more massive stars. Hence, future stellar evolution models should include this variation. In order to aid the inclusion of this mixing in one-dimensional (1D) stellar evolution models, we determine the dominant waves contributing to these mixing profiles and present a prescription that can be included in 1D models.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, accepted at ApJ
Representational spaces in testimonial literature: Rigoberta Menchú and the indigenous other
Creators: name: Cook, Jamey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This thesis focuses on the literary representation not only of Rigoberta Menchú, author and minority subject, but also of Mayan women as othered by the obstacles that race, gender, and class pose in Guatemalan society. I take into account the polemics surrounding testimonial discourse in her first book, but do not concentrate primarily on it, as it has been thoroughly expounded upon in previous studies. Instead, I explore Rigoberta Menchú's first two books, Me llamo Rigoberta Menchú y así me nació la conciencia, and Rigoberta, nieta de los Maya, which have hardly been studied in conjunction by others, through the lens of Mary Louise Pratt and other relevant cultural theorists such as Ortiz, Rama, García Canclini, and Foucault. Without discounting the impact of the first book, I demonstrate how Menchú's resistance to oppression and racism following her observations of and realizations about the effects of the structures of power on her and her people, have afforded her the opportunity to help her own community and Guatemala. To conclude, I touch briefly on obstacles to democratization in Guatemala in recent years. I also explore the necessary changes that Menchú, a Guatemalan Maya advocate and the 1992 Nobel Peace Prize winner, believes have occurred in Guatemala, as well as which problems she believes still need to be addressed.
A Supertranslation-Invariant Formula for the Angular Momentum Flux in Gravitational Scattering
Creators: name: Javadinezhad, Reza
name: Porrati, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular momentum radiated in gravitational scattering can be changed by performing a supertranslation of the asymptotic metric, i.e. by adding radiation with infinite wavelenght to the metric. This puzzling property can be avoided by adopting a supertranslation-invariant definition of the angular momentum flux in general relativity. Definitions currently available in the literature cannot reproduce the flux necessary to obtain the correct radiation reaction effects in gravitational scattering. They also disagree with computations of the flux performed using scattering amplitudes and soft graviton theorems. In this paper we provide a new supertranslation-invariant definition of the angular momentum flux in gravitational scattering that uses only asymptotic metric data and reproduces the flux necessary to obtain the correct radiation reaction effects.
description: 9 pages. Minor misprints corrected. Closure of the rotation algebra for non-radiating spacetimes explicitly verified. To appear in Physical Review Letters
Gravitational waves: Classification, Methods of detection, Sensitivities, and Sources
Creators: name: Kuroda, Kazuaki
name: Ni, Wei-Tou
name: Pan, Wei-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After giving a brief introduction and presenting a complete classification of gravitational waves (GWs) according to their frequencies, we review and summarize the detection methods, the sensitivities, and the sources. We notice that real-time detections are possible above 300 pHz. Below 300 pHz, the detections are possible on GW imprints or indirectly. We are on the verge of detection. The progress in this field will be promising and thriving. We will see improvement of a few orders to several orders of magnitude in the GW detection sensitivities over all frequency bands in the next hundred years.
description: 38 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables. Chapter 10 in One Hundred Years of General Relativity: From Genesis and Empirical Foundations to Gravitational Waves, Cosmology and Quantum Gravity, ed.W.-T. Ni (World Scientific, Singapore, 2015); Int. J. Mod. Phys. D, to be published
Li-rich Giants Identified from LAMOST DR8 Low-Resolution Survey
Creators: name: Cai, BeiChen
name: Kong, XiaoMing
name: Shi, JianRong
name: Gao, Qi
name: Bu, Yude
name: Yi, Zhenping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A small fraction of giants possess photospheric lithium(Li) abundance higher than the value predicted by the standard stellar evolution models, and the detailed mechanisms of Li enhancement are complicated and lack a definite conclusion. In order to better understand the Li enhancement behaviors, a large and homogeneous Li-rich giants sample is needed. In this study, we designed a modified convolutional neural network model called Coord-DenseNet to determine the A(Li) of Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) low-resolution survey (LRS) giant spectra. The precision is good on the test set: MAE=0.15 dex, and σ=0.21 dex. We used this model to predict the Li abundance of more than 900,000 LAMOST DR8 LRS giant spectra and identified 7,768 Li-rich giants with Li abundances ranging from 2.0 to 5.4 dex, accounting for about 1.02% of all giants. We compared the Li abundance estimated by our work with those derived from high-resolution spectra. We found that the consistency was good if the overall deviation of 0.27 dex between them was not considered. The analysis shows that the difference is mainly due to the high A(Li) from the medium-resolution spectra in the training set. This sample of Li-rich giants dramatically expands the existing sample size of Li-rich giants and provides us with more samples to further study the formation and evolution of Li-rich giants.
description: 14 pages,13 figures
Local adjustment with path-dependence
Creators: name: Luo, Zhendong
name: Zhu, Biyao
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: A primary task of Chinese planning historians is to show how Chinese urbanization expresses the complex and changing relationship between a strong central government and market forces. Here is one kind of cities called Third-front city, making a pure sample to understand Chinese modern institutional design and related spatial phenomena. Such cities were first built for war-preparing in remote Midwestern China in 1960s, under compulsory power and planned arrangement from central government, which seems not a sustainable mode by general acknowledgement. Yet those cities have still went through transformation and gained follow-up development. With the perspective of historical institutionalism, we assume there exists the interaction of institutional path dependence and endogenous incremental change. This paper takes one typical of them, Shiyan in Hubei Province for empirical study. From the Socialist planned economy stage (1960s to 1970s) to China’s Reform stage (since 1980s), we mainly explore how government structural change effected the city’s development outcomes as a core institutional factor, especially where planning got involved. We find that the initial institutional system dominated by central government had ensured rapid rise of Third-front city in early stage, while producing path dependence and long-term urban spatial influences. In face of transformation, general environment of modest reformation in China had provided enough buffer space for new institutions; On the other hand, despite path dependence in terms of industry pattern, finance structure, administrative power and so on, new local actors’ seeking for incremental changes within original institutional framework also generated transformative effects.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
"Should We Unban, Chat?": Communal Content Moderation on Twitch
Creators: name: Thach, Hibby Thien
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Employing digital ethnographic and interview methods alongside thematic analysis, I examined communal content moderation practices on Twitch in “unban appeal streams.” Streamers use humor and unban appeal streams as opportunities to make entertaining content, but some streamers use these streams to educate and reform offenders. A feedback loop between Twitch and its most popular streamers exists, allowing Twitch and its users to hold each other accountable. However, platforms like Twitch have centralized actors that hold more power than their users, making conversation between the two difficult. With desires for a more communal, user-driven platform, I offer suggestions for improving protections for marginalized users experiencing online harassment and abuse, as well as suggestions for implementing justice theories into content moderation systems.
Searching for Barium Stars from the LAMOST Spectra Using the Machine Learning Method: I
Creators: name: Guo, Fengyue
name: Cheng, Zhongding
name: Kong, Xiaoming
name: Zhang, Yatao
name: Bu, Yude
name: Yi, Zhenping
name: Du, Bing
name: Pan, Jingchang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Barium stars are chemically peculiar stars that exhibit enhancement of s-process elements. Chemical abundance analysis of barium stars can provide crucial clues for the study of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy. The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) has released more than 6 million low-resolution spectra of FGK-type stars by Data Release 9 (DR9), which can significantly increase the sample size of barium stars. In this paper, we used machine learning algorithms to search for barium stars from low-resolution spectra of LAMOST. We have applied the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) algorithm to build classifiers of barium stars based on different features, and build predictors for determining [Ba/Fe] and [Sr/Fe] of barium candidates. The classification with features in the whole spectrum performs best: for the sample with strontium enhancement, Precision = 97.81%, and Recall = 96.05%; for the sample with barium enhancement, Precision = 96.03% and Recall = 97.70%. In prediction, [Ba/Fe] estimated from BaII line at 4554 Å has smaller dispersion than that from BaII line at 4934 Å: MAE$_{4554 Å}$ = 0.07, $σ_{4554 Å}$ = 0.12. [Sr/Fe] estimated from SrII line at 4077 Å performs better than that from SrII line at 4215 Å: MAE$_{4077 Å}$ = 0.09, $σ_{4077 Å}$ = 0.16. A comparison of the LGBM and other popular algorithms shows that LGBM is accurate and efficient in classifying barium stars. This work demonstrated that machine learning can be used as an effective means to identify chemically peculiar stars and determine their elemental abundance.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Judgment in early modern England, 1580-1615
Creators: name: Patrick, Patricia Davis
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: My dissertation explores how Samuel Daniel, Robert Dallington, and George Chapman understand the notion of judgment. For early modern thinkers, both in England and on the Continent, a variety of terms – judgment, decorum, prudence, equity, and discretion – all denote a faculty that enables accommodation to circumstances while maintaining constancy. The dissertation examines how these authors synthesize ideas from art theory, poetics, and political theory to construct models of judgment that offer ethical and epistemological stability while enabling adaptation to variable circumstances and human fallibility. Samuel Daniel sees judgment as obfuscated to some degree by custom, but also sees divine grace as sustaining both custom and judgment. Robert Dallington offers his readers a winding, twisting path to prudence. George Chapman synthesizes ideas from art theory and religious ceremony to suggest a remedy for fallible moral judgment.
Reality Engineering and social kinds
Creators: name: Calosi, Duccio
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: BD181.C2
subject: Concepts
subject: Metaphysics

description: Conceptual Engineering is a new and interesting trend in Philosophy. However, it is not free from problems. The most relevant issue is that, at least following a Cappelen-like account, we are forced to commit to the controversial metaphysical view that the world has a linguistic structure. Under such view, a modification in the semantics of a term implies a modification in nature of the thing which is referred by that word. I propose to explore the implications of the reversal of such principle, thereby committing to the idea that a modification in the nature of things implies a modification of the semantics of the terms that refer to them, and not the other way around. Following this new principle, I am interested in developing an alternative account to Conceptual Engineering, which I call (following Greenough) Reality Engineering. In this dissertation, I will focus on the analysis of two major points about Reality Engineering, trying to define what it is about and how to perform it. I will argue that Reality Engineering has kinds as its scope and I will restrict the focus of the present enquiry to social kinds only. I will proceed by providing a taxonomy of the most popular views about the metaphysics of social kinds, since in order to modify something properly, first we have to be clear on what that something is. Out of this taxonomy, I will generate two general theories on social kinds. The first one is what we can call a Top-down view, and it says that a social kind is generated via the acceptance of constitutive rules by some group of authorities and the successful application of those rules in ordinary practice. The second one is what we can call a Bottom-up view, according to which social kinds are nothing but the reification of social external norms, where social external norms are to be intended as the set of attitudes/behaviours/treatments/practices that people who are not members of the kind have towards the members of such kind (trivially, if the kind in question, like money, does not include people as its members, then everyone is external to such kind). After presenting these two views, I will explore the possibility of engineering kinds within them, focusing on some case studies and examples. I will highlight various ways in which social kinds can be defective and propose solutions for all kinds of defectiveness. In conclusion, I will briefly discuss how typical worries concerning Conceptual Engineering projects translate to my framework, focusing on the problems of Feasibility and Control.
On the Hadronic Origin of High Energy Emission of $γ$-ray Loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 PKS 1502+036
Creators: name: Wang, Zhen-Jie
name: Wang, Ze-Rui
name: Liu, Ruo-Yu
name: Wang, Junfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiation mechanism of Radio-Loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 (RL-NLS1) from X-ray to $γ$-ray bands remains an open question. While the leptonic model has been employed to explain the spectral energy distribution (SED), the hadronic process may potentially account for the high energy radiation of some $γ$-ray loud Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) as well. We study one of such RL-NLS1, PKS 1502+036, comparing the theoretical SEDs predicted by the leptonic model and the lepto-hadronic model to the observed one. For the hadronic processes, we take into account the proton synchrotron radiation and proton-photon interactions (including the Bethe-Heitler process and the photopion process) including the emission of pairs generated in the electromagnetic cascade initiated by these processes. Our results show that the leptonic model can reproduce the SED of this source, in which the X-ray to $γ$-ray radiation can be interpreted as the inverse Compton (IC) scattering. On the other hand, the proton synchrotron radiation can also explain the high energy component of SED although extreme parameters are needed. We also demonstrate that the $pγ$ interactions as well as the cascade process cannot explain SED. Our results imply that a leptonic origin is favored for the multi-wavelength emission of PKS 1502+036.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Event-Cloud Platform to Support Decision- Making in Emergency Management
Creators: name: Lauras, Matthieu
name: Benaben, Frederick
name: Truptil, Sebastien
name: Charles, Aurelie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The challenge of this paper is to underline the capability of an Event-Cloud Platform to support efficiently an emergency situation. We chose to focus on a nuclear crisis use case. The proposed approach consists in modeling the business processes of crisis response on the one hand, and in supporting the orchestration and execution of these processes by using an Event-Cloud Platform on the other hand. This paper shows how the use of Event-Cloud techniques can support crisis management stakeholders by automatizing non-value added tasks and by directing decision- makers on what really requires their capabilities of choice. If Event-Cloud technology is a very interesting and topical subject, very few research works have considered this to improve emergency management. This paper tries to fill this gap by considering and applying these technologies on a nuclear crisis use-case.
Observations of pores and surrounding regions with CO 4.66 μm lines by BBSO/CYRA
Creators: name: Song, Yongliang
name: Bai, Xianyong
name: Yang, Xu
name: Cao, Wenda
name: Uitenbroek, Han
name: Deng, Yuanyong
name: Li, Xin
name: Yang, Xiao
name: Zhang, Mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar observations of carbon monoxide (CO) indicate the existence of lower-temperature gas in the lower solar chromosphere. We present an observation of pores, and quiet-Sun, and network magnetic field regions with CO 4.66 μm lines by the Cryogenic Infrared Spectrograph (CYRA) at Big Bear Solar Observatory. We used the strong CO lines at around 4.66 μm to understand the properties of the thermal structures of lower solar atmosphere in different solar features with various magnetic field strengths. AIA 1700 Å images, HMI continuum images and magnetograms are also included in the observation. The data from 3D radiation magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation with the Bifrost code are also employed for the first time to be compared with the observation. We used the RH code to synthesize the CO line profiles in the network regions. The CO 3-2 R14 line center intensity changes to be either enhanced or diminished with increasing magnetic field strength, which should be caused by different heating effects in magnetic flux tubes with different sizes. We find several "cold bubbles" in the CO 3-2 R14 line center intensity images, which can be classified into two types. One type is located in the quiet-Sun regions without magnetic fields. The other type, which has rarely been reported in the past, is near or surrounded by magnetic fields. Notably, some are located at the edge of the magnetic network. The two kinds of cold bubbles and the relationship between cold bubble intensities and network magnetic field strength are both reproduced by the 3D MHD simulation with the Bifrost and RH codes. The simulation also shows that there is a cold plasma blob near the network magnetic fields, causing the observed cold bubbles seen in the CO 3-2 R14 line center image. Our observation and simulation illustrate that the magnetic field plays a vital role in the generation of some CO cold bubbles.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Imaging individual active regions on the Sun's far side with improved helioseismic holography
Creators: name: Yang, Dan
name: Gizon, Laurent
name: Barucq, Hélène
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Helioseismic holography is a useful method to detect active regions on the Sun's far side and improve space weather forecasts. We aim to improve helioseismic holography by using a clear formulation of the problem, an accurate forward solver in the frequency domain, and a better understanding of the noise properties. Building on the work of Lindsey et al., we define the forward- and backward-propagated wave fields (ingression and egression) in terms of a Green's function. This Green's function is computed using an accurate forward solver in the frequency domain. We analyse overlapping segments of 31 hr of SDO/HMI dopplergrams, with a cadence of 24 hr. Phase shifts between the ingression and the egression are measured and averaged to detect active regions on the far side. The phase maps are compared with direct EUV intensity maps from STEREO/EUVI. We confirm that medium-size active regions can be detected on the far side with high confidence. Their evolution (and possible emergence) can be monitored on a daily time scale. Seismic maps averaged over 3 days provide an active region detection rate as high as 75% and a false discovery rate only as low as 7%, for active regions with areas above one thousandth of an hemisphere. For a large part, these improvements can be attributed to the use of a complete Green's function (all skips) and to the use of all observations on the front side (full pupil). Improved helioseismic holography enables the study of the evolution of medium-size active regions on the Sun's far side.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures