cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Entropic destruction of heavy quarkonium from a deformed $AdS_5$ model
Creators: name: Zhang, Zi-qiang
name: Luo, Zhong-jie
name: Hou, De-fu
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the destruction of heavy quarkonium due to the entropic force in a deformed $AdS_5$ model. The effects of the deformation parameter on the inter-distance and the entropic force are investigated. The influence of the deformation parameter on the quarkonium dissociation is analyzed. It is shown that the inter-distance increases in the presence of the deformation parameter. In addition, the deformation parameter has the effect of decreasing the entropic force. This results imply that the quarkonium dissociates harder in a deformed AdS background than that in an usual AdS background, in agreement with earlier findings.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted by Advances in High Energy Physics
High Photocurrent in Gated Graphene-Silicon Hybrid Photodiodes
Creators: name: Riazimehr, Sarah
name: Kataria, Satender
name: Bornemann, Rainer
name: Bolivar, Peter Haring
name: Ruiz, Francisco Javier Garcia
name: Engström, Olof
name: Godoy, Andres
name: Lemme, Max Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene/silicon (G/Si) heterojunction based devices have been demonstrated as high responsivity photodetectors that are potentially compatible with semiconductor technology. Such G/Si Schottky junction diodes are typically in parallel with gated G/silicon dioxide (SiO$_2$)/Si areas, where the graphene is contacted. Here, we utilize scanning photocurrent measurements to investigate the spatial distribution and explain the physical origin of photocurrent generation in these devices. We observe distinctly higher photocurrents underneath the isolating region of graphene on SiO$_2$ adjacent to the Schottky junction of G/Si. A certain threshold voltage (V$_T$) is required before this can be observed, and its origins are similar to that of the threshold voltage in metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors. A physical model serves to explain the large photocurrents underneath SiO$_2$ by the formation of an inversion layer in Si. Our findings contribute to a basic understanding of graphene / semiconductor hybrid devices which, in turn, can help in designing efficient optoelectronic devices and systems based on such 2D/3D heterojunctions.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Indigenous water reserves in Australia: 2022 policy brief, version 1.0
Creators: name: Taylor, Katherine Selena
name: Poelina, Anne
name: Nikolakis, William
name: Larsen, Libby
name: Grafton, Quentin
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022
Subjects: water
Indigenous
northern Australia

description: Indigenous/Aboriginal water reserves are increasingly used in water allocation plans across northern Australia. Indigenous water reserves aim to address water injustice, but are they the right tool for the job? This policy brief is for anyone interested in freshwater policy, allocation, and water justice in northern Australia.
A Survey on Mobile Edge Networks: Convergence of Computing, Caching and Communications
Creators: name: Wang, Shuo
name: Zhang, Xing
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Wang, Lin
name: Yang, Juwo
name: Wang, Wenbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the explosive growth of smart devices and the advent of many new applications, traffic volume has been growing exponentially. The traditional centralized network architecture cannot accommodate such user demands due to heavy burden on the backhaul links and long latency. Therefore, new architectures which bring network functions and contents to the network edge are proposed, i.e., mobile edge computing and caching. Mobile edge networks provide cloud computing and caching capabilities at the edge of cellular networks. In this survey, we make an exhaustive review on the state-of-the-art research efforts on mobile edge networks. We first give an overview of mobile edge networks including definition, architecture and advantages. Next, a comprehensive survey of issues on computing, caching and communication techniques at the network edge is presented respectively. The applications and use cases of mobile edge networks are discussed. Subsequently, the key enablers of mobile edge networks such as cloud technology, SDN/NFV and smart devices are discussed. Finally, open research challenges and future directions are presented as well.
Numerical computation of quasinormal modes in the first-order approach to black hole perturbations in modified gravity
Creators: name: Roussille, Hugo
name: Langlois, David
name: Noui, Karim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel approach to the numerical computation of quasi-normal modes, based on the first-order (in radial derivative) formulation of the equations of motion and using a matrix version of the continued fraction method. This numerical method is particularly suited to the study of static black holes in modified gravity, where the traditional second-order, Schrödinger-like, form of the equations of motion is not always available. Our approach relies on the knowledge of the asymptotic behaviours of the perturbations near the black hole horizon and at spatial infinity, which can be obtained via the systematic algorithm that we have proposed recently. In this work, we first present our method for the perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole and show that we recover the well-know frequencies of the QNMs to a very high precision. We then apply our method to the axial perturbations of an exact black hole solution in a particular scalar-tensor theory of gravity. We also cross-check the obtained QNM frequencies with other numerical methods.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, matches version accepted in JCAP
Five-Body Efimov Effect and Universal Pentamer in Fermionic Mixtures
Creators: name: Bazak, Betzalel
name: Petrov, Dmitry S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that four heavy fermions interacting resonantly with a lighter atom (4+1 system) become Efimovian at mass ratio 13.279(2), which is smaller than the corresponding 2+1 and 3+1 thresholds. We thus predict the five-body Efimov effect for this system in the regime where any of its subsystem is non- Efimovian. For smaller mass ratios we show the existence and calculate the energy of a universal 4+1 pentamer state, which continues the series of the 2+1 trimer predicted by Kartavtsev and Malykh and 3+1 tetramer discovered by Blume. We also show that the effective-range correction for the light-heavy interaction has a strong effect on all these states and larger effective ranges increase their tendency to bind.
From Resistance Minimum to Kondo Physics
Creators: name: Yanagisawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the development of Kondo physics from the resolution of the resistance minimum by J. Kondo to recent developments in physics. The Kondo effect has given a great impact to all areas of physics. This reminds us that physics is one unified science. Kondo's pioneering work has led major developments in physics. We show brief history of the Kondo effect and discuss the Kondo effect from several points of view that appeared to be important through conversations with Prof. J. Kondo.
description: Special session in the International Conference on Strongly Correlated Electron Systems 2023 (SCES 2023)
Pairing effects on pure rotational energy of nuclei
Creators: name: Abe, K.
name: Nakada, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By applying the angular-momentum projection (AMP) to the self-consistent axial mean-field solutions with the semi-realistic effective Hamiltonian M3Y-P6, the pairing effects on the pure rotational energy of nuclei, \textit{i.e.}, the rotational energy at a fixed intrinsic state, have been investigated. While it was shown at the Hartree-Fock (HF) level that the individual terms of the Hamiltonian contribute to the rotational energy with ratios insensitive to nuclides except for light or weakly-deformed nuclei, the pair correlations significantly change the contributions, even for the well-deformed heavy nuclei. The contribution of the interaction to the rotational energy is found to correlate well with the degree of proximity between nucleons, which is measured via the expectation value that two nucleons exist at the same position. While the nucleons slightly spread as the angular momentum increases at the HF level, accounting for the positive (negative) contribution of the attractive (repulsive) components of the interaction, the pair correlations reduce or invert the effect.
description: 29 pages including 16 figures; submitted to JPG
Towards an ASM thesis for reflective sequential algorithms
Creators: name: Ferrarotti, Flavio
name: Tec, Loredana
name: Torres, Jose Maria Turull
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Starting from Gurevich's thesis for sequential algorithms (the so-called "sequential ASM thesis"), we propose a characterization of the behaviour of sequential algorithms enriched with reflection. That is, we present a set of postulates which we conjecture capture the fundamental properties of reflective sequential algorithms (RSAs). Then we look at the plausibility of an ASM thesis for the class of RSAs, defining a model of abstract state machine (which we call reflective ASM) that we conjecture captures the class of RSAs as defined by our postulates.
Exploration of the two-dimensional Ising magnetic materials in the triangular prismatic crystal field
Creators: name: Chen, Shuhang
name: Xu, Wenjing
name: Ning, Yueyue
name: Yang, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic anisotropy is essential for stabilizing two-dimensional (2D) magnetism, which has significant applications in spintronics and the advancement of fundamental physics. In this work, we examine the electronic structure and magnetic properties of triangular prismatic MSi$_2$N$_4$ (M = V, Cr) monolayers, using crystal field theory, spin-orbital state analyses, and density functional calculations. Our results reveal that the pristine VSi$_2$N$_4$ monolayer exhibits magnetism with a V$^{4+}$ 3$d^1$ $S$ = 1/2 charge-spin state within the triangular prismatic crystal field. However, the strong $d$ orbital hybridization between adjacent V$^{4+}$ ions disrupts the $d$ orbital splitting in this crystal field, resulting in a relatively small in-plane magnetic anisotropy of approximately 2 $μ$eV per V atom.In contrast, the pristine CrSi$_2$N$_4$ monolayer is nonmagnetic, characterized by the Cr$^{4+}$ 3$d^2$ $S$ = 0 state. Upon substituting nonmagnetic Cr$^{4+}$ with Si$^{4+}$, Cr$_\frac{1}{3}$Si$_\frac{8}{3}$N$_4$ transforms into an antiferromagnetic insulator with Cr$^{4+}$ 3$d^2$ $S$ = 1 state, featuring a large orbital moment of -1.06 $μ_{\rm B}$ oriented along the $z$-axis and huge perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of 18.63 meV per Cr atom. These findings highlight the potential for further exploration of 2D Ising magnetic materials within a unique triangular prismatic crystal field.
Exact diagonalization and cluster mean-field study of triangular-lattice XXZ antiferromagnets near saturation
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Daisuke
name: Ueda, Hiroshi
name: Danshita, Ippei
name: Marmorini, Giacomo
name: Momoi, Tsutomu
name: Shimokawa, Tokuro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum magnetic phases near the magnetic saturation of triangular-lattice antiferromagnets with XXZ anisotropy have been attracting renewed interest since it has been suggested that a nontrivial coplanar phase, called the $π$-coplanar or $Ψ$ phase, could be stabilized by quantum effects in a certain range of anisotropy parameter $J/J_z$ besides the well-known 0-coplanar (known also as $V$) and umbrella phases. Recently, Sellmann $et$ $al$. [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 91}, 081104(R) (2015)] claimed that the $π$-coplanar phase is absent for $S=1/2$ from an exact-diagonalization analysis in the sector of the Hilbert space with only three down-spins (three magnons). We first reconsider and improve this analysis by taking into account several low-lying eigenvalues and the associated eigenstates as a function of $J/J_z$ and by sensibly increasing the system sizes (up to 1296 spins). A careful identification analysis shows that the lowest eigenstate is a chirally antisymmetric combination of finite-size umbrella states for $J/J_z\gtrsim 2.218$ while it corresponds to a coplanar phase for $J/J_z\lesssim 2.218$. However, we demonstrate that the distinction between 0-coplanar and $π$-coplanar phases in the latter region is fundamentally impossible from the symmetry-preserving finite-size calculations with fixed magnon number.} Therefore, we also perform a cluster mean-field plus scaling analysis for small spins $S\leq 3/2$. The obtained results, together with the previous large-$S$ analysis, indicate that the $π$-coplanar phase exists for any $S$ except for the classical limit ($S\rightarrow \infty$) and the existence range in $J/J_z$ is largest in the most quantum case of $S=1/2$.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Proposal for Automated Operations for Single-Photon Multipath Qudits
Creators: name: Baldijão, Roberto D.
name: Borges, Gilberto F.
name: Marques, Breno
name: Solís-prosser, Miguel
name: Neves, Leonardo
name: Pádua, Sebastião
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for implementing automated state transformations on single-photon multipath qudits encoded in a one-dimensional transverse spatial domain. It relies on transferring the encoding from this domain to the orthogonal one by applying a spatial phase modulation with diffraction gratings, merging all the initial propagation paths with a stable interferometric network, and filtering out the unwanted diffraction orders. The automated feature is attained by utilizing a programmable phase-only spatial light modulator (SLM) where properly designed diffraction gratings displayed on its screen will implement the desired transformations, including, among others, projections, permutations and random operations. We discuss the losses in the process which is, in general, inherently nonunitary. Some examples of transformations are presented and, considering a realistic scenario, we analyse how they will be affected by the pixelated structure of the SLM screen. The method proposed here enables one to implement much more general transformations on multipath qudits than it is possible with an SLM alone operating in the diagonal basis of which-path states. Therefore, it will extend the range of applicability for this encoding in high-dimensional quantum information and computing protocols as well as fundamental studies in quantum theory.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Edge and bulk states in Weyl-orbit quantum Hall effect as studied by Corbino measurements
Creators: name: Nakazawa, Yusuke
name: Kurihara, Ryosuke
name: Miyazawa, Masatoshi
name: Nishihaya, Shinichi
name: Kriener, Markus
name: Tokunaga, Masashi
name: Kawasaki, Masashi
name: Uchida, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate edge and bulk states in Weyl-orbit based quantum Hall effect by measuring a Corbino-type device fabricated from a topological Dirac semimetal (Cd1-xZnx)3As2 film. Clear quantum Hall plateaus are observed when measuring one-sided terminals of the Corbino-type device. This indicates that edge states of the Weyl-orbit quantum Hall effect form closed trajectories consisting of Fermi arcs and chiral zero modes independently on inner and outer sides. On the other hand, the bulk resistance does not diverge at fields where the quantum Hall plateau appears, suggesting that the Weyl orbits in the bulk region are not completely localized when applying electric current through the bulk region.
Integrable Abelian Vortex-like solitons
Creators: name: Contatto, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a modified version of the Ginzburg-Landau energy functional admitting static solitons and determine all the Painlevé-integrable cases of its Bogomolny equations of a given class of models. Explicit solutions are determined in terms of the third Painlevé transcendents, allowing us to calculate physical quantities such as the vortex number and the vortex strength. These solutions can be interpreted as the usual Abelian-Higgs vortices on surfaces of non-constant curvature with conical singularity.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Typos corrected. References added. Added explanation of resonance in sec 3. Published version
Topic Modeling in social science - what it is and how to use it
Creators: name: Sauer, Leonie
name: Kolbe, Hanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computational Social Science
Open Educational Resource
Data Analysis
Content Analysis
Automated Content Analysis
Textual Analysis
Automated Textual Analysis
Topic Modeling
Validation
Mixed Methods
Artificial Intelligence

description: OER created for the course 'Methoden der empirischen Sozialforschung (in) der digitalen Gesellschaft SE' in the summer semester of 2023. In this OER we would like to offer an overview of topic modeling as a method for social scientist with no expert knowledge in the field of computational social sciences. Following general information on the historical and scientific background and technical information on the method we would like to answer the following questions: How can social scientists use topic modeling? What can and cannot the method achieve? What are the limitations? We discuss the research question of ‘How does the discourse on AI applications differ between the academic fields of social sciences and informatics?’ as an example. Based on this, we explain how a research process entailing the use of a topic model could be structured and what the potentials and challenges of applying the method are. In the last part of the OER we discuss how topic modeling can be part of a mixed methods research design, further developing our example.
description: {"references": ["Blei, D. M. (2012). Probabilistic topic models. Communications of the ACM, 55(4), 77-84. https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2133806.2133826", "Chen, Y., Peng, Z., Kim, S. H., & Choi, C. W. (2023). What We Can Do and Cannot Do with Topic Modeling: A Systematic Review. Communication Methods and Measures, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/19312458.2023.2167965"]}
Overcoming limits to near-field radiative heat transfer in uniform planar media through multilayer optimization
Creators: name: Jin, Weiliang
name: Messina, Riccardo
name: Rodriguez, Alejandro W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative heat transfer between uniform plates is bounded by the narrow range and limited contribution of surface waves. Using a combination of analytical calculations and numerical gradient-based optimization, we show that such a limitation can be overcome in complicated multilayer geometries, allowing the scattering and coupling rates of slab resonances to be altered over a broad range of evanescent wavevectors. We conclude that while the radiative flux between two inhomogeneous slabs can only be weakly enhanced, the flux between a dipolar particle and an inhomogeneous slab---proportional to the local density of states---can be orders of magnitude larger, albeit at the expense of increased frequency selectivity. A brief discussion of hyperbolic metamaterials shows that they provide far less enhancement than optimized inhomogeneous slabs.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Partitioned solution strategies for coupled BEM-FEM acoustic fluid-structure interaction problems
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Tembleque, Luis
name: González, José A.
name: Cerrato, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper investigates two FEM-BEM coupling formulations for acoustic fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems, using the Finite Element Method (FEM) to model the structure and the Boundary Element Method (BEM) to represent a linear acoustic fluid. The coupling methods described interconnect fluid and structure using classical or localized Lagrange multipliers, allowing the connection of non-matching interfaces. First coupling technique is the well known mortar method, that uses classical multipliers and is compared with a new formulation of the method of localized Lagrange multipliers (LLM) for FSI applications with non-matching interfaces. The proposed non-overlapping domain decomposition technique uses a classical non-symmetrical acoustic BEM formulation for the fluid, although a symmetric Galerkin BEM formulation could be used as well. A comparison between the localized methodology and the mortar method in highly non conforming interface meshes is presented. Furthermore, the methodology proposes an iterative preconditioned and projected bi-conjugate gradient solver which presents very good scalability properties in the solution of this kind of problems.
Human Motion Prediction: From Deterministic to Stochastic
Creators: name: Mao, Wei
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022

description: Humans are the central subjects to be studied in a computer vision system. In particular, the ability of forecasting future human motion is the key to the success of many applications such as, autonomous driving and human robot interaction. In this thesis, we tackle the problem of 3D human motion prediction, which aims to predict the future movements of a person given his/her motion in the past. Human motion is highly dynamic, uncertain and often reflected by a sequence of action labels. To address this, we try to tackle the three main issues in this topic: 1) how to effectively model the human motion data? 2) how to produce diverse and plausible future motions given one history? 3) how to produce realistic future motions of clear semantic meanings i.e., actions? The main issues also perfectly correspond to the three tasks we focus on: deterministic human motion prediction, stochastic human motion prediction and action-driven stochastic human motion prediction. First, we propose a novel spatial-temporal encoding strategy which takes account both temporal smoothness of joint trajectory and spatial dependencies among human joints. It is done by bringing the motion sequence to trajectory space and using a fully-connected graph structure to model the spatial relationships among different trajectories. Moreover, we introduce an attention-based approach that is able to make use of the past sub-motions from a long historical motion, that can better reflect the current context. Second, for stochastic human motion prediction, we propose an end-to-end trainable approach that is able to produce diverse future motions by predicting a sequence of valid human poses with smooth trajectories. Our approach relaxes the requirement of a large amount of diverse training motion data and also can be extended to new applications like controllable human motion prediction. Last, we introduce the new task of action-driven stochastic human motion prediction that aims to predict a set of future motions given a sequence of action labels and past motion observations. We develop a weakly-supervised training strategy to learn various action transitions from data with few or even no transitions. We also propose an effective way to produce future motions of varying lengths. In summary, the goal of this thesis is to enable vision systems to effectively model and predict/produce 3D human motions. In particular, we propose several novel ideas that push the boundaries of current state-of-the-arts solutions for 3D human motion prediction.
CSST Large-scale Structure Analysis Pipeline: II. the CSST Emulator for Slitless Spectroscopy (CESS)
Creators: name: Wen, Run
name: Zheng, Xian Zhong
name: Han, Yunkun
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Wang, Xin
name: Zou, Hu
name: Liu, Fengshan
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Zu, Ying
name: Shi, Dong Dong
name: Gu, Yizhou
name: Wang, Yirong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) slitless spectroscopic survey will observe objects to a limiting magnitude of ~ 23 mag (5$σ$, point sources) in U, V, and I over 17500 deg$^2$. The spectroscopic observations are expected to be highly efficient and complete for mapping galaxies over 0 < z < 1 with secure redshift measurements at spectral resolutions of R ~ 200, providing unprecedented data sets for cosmological studies. To quantitatively examine the survey potential, we develop a software tool, namely the CSST Emulator for Slitless Spectroscopy (CESS), to quickly generate simulated 1D slitless spectra with limited computing resources. We introduce the architecture of CESS and the detailed process of creating simulated CSST slitless spectra. The extended light distribution of a galaxy induces the self-broadening effect on the 1D slitless spectrum. We quantify the effect using morphological parameters: Sérsic index, effective radius, position angle, and axis ratio. Moreover, we also develop a module for CESS to estimate the overlap contamination rate for CSST grating observations of galaxies in galaxy clusters. Applying CESS to the high-resolution model spectra of a sample of ~ 140 million galaxies with m_z < 21 mag selected from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument LS DR9 catalogue, we obtain the simulated CSST slitless spectra. We examine the dependence of measurement errors on different types of galaxies due to instrumental and observational effects and quantitatively investigate the redshift completeness for different environments out to z ~ 1. Our results show that the CSST spectroscopy is able to provide secure redshifts for about one-quarter of the sample galaxies.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Generalized multi-Galileons, covariantized new terms, and the no-go theorem for non-singular cosmologies
Creators: name: Akama, Shingo
name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been pointed out that non-singular cosmological solutions in second-order scalar-tensor theories generically suffer from gradient instabilities. We extend this no-go result to second-order gravitational theories with an arbitrary number of interacting scalar fields. Our proof follows directly from the action of generalized multi-Galileons, and thus is different from and complementary to that based on the effective field theory approach. Several new terms for generalized multi-Galileons on a flat background were proposed recently. We find a covariant completion of them and confirm that they do not participate in the no-go argument.
description: 7 pages
Lowering the Energy Threshold using a Plastic Scintillator and Radiation-Damaged SiPMs
Creators: name: Morishita, Teruaki
name: Fukazawa, Yasushi
name: Takahashi, Hiromitsu
name: Kayanoki, Taishu
name: Niwa, Ryota
name: Hashizume, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiation damage to a silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) set on a satellite orbit increases energy threshold for scintillator detectors. We confirmed that 1 krad of radiation increases the energy threshold by approximately a factor of 10, which is worst for our system. Using one or two SiPMs damaged by proton irradiation and a plastic scintillator, we performed the following three experiments in our attempt to lower the energy threshold of radiation-damaged SiPMs to the greatest extent: (1) measurements using a current waveform amplifier rather than a charge-sensitive amplifier, (2) coincidence measurements with two radiation-damaged SiPMs attached to one scintillator and summing up their signals, and (3) measurements at a low temperature. Our findings confirmed that the use of a current waveform amplifier, as opposed to a charge-sensitive amplifier and a shaping amplifier, could lower the energy threshold to approximately 65% (from 198 keV to 128 keV). Furthermore, if we set the coincidence width appropriately and sum up the signals of the two SiPMs in the coincidence measurement, the energy threshold could be lowered to approximately 70% (from 132 keV to 93 keV) with little loss of the acquired signal, compared to that of use of only one scintillator. Finally, if we perform our measurements at a temperature of -20 °C, we could lower the energy threshold to approximately 34% (from 128 keV to 43 keV) compared to that of at 20 °C. Accordingly, we conclude that the energy threshold can be lowered to approximately 15% by using a combination of these three methods.
description: Accepted for publication in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. Comments are welcome!
Presentation: The Effectiveness of the AB Mix Formulation on the Yield and Quality of Premium Melon (Cucumis Melo L.)
Creators: name: Bambang Supriyanta
name: Darmawan, Nurul Nisaa
name: Mangaras Yanu Florestiyanto
name: Indah Widowati
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This material has presented on 1st International Conference on Advance Research in Agriculture and Food. October 25, 2022
Free-form modelling of galaxy clusters: a Bayesian and data-driven approach
Creators: name: Olamaie, Malak
name: Hobson, Michael P.
name: Feroz, Farhan
name: Grainge, Keith J. B.
name: Lasenby, Anthony
name: Perrott, Yvette C.
name: Rumsey, Clare
name: Saunders, Richard D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method is presented for modelling the physical properties of galaxy clusters. Our technique moves away from the traditional approach of assuming specific parameterised functional forms for the variation of physical quantities within the cluster, and instead allows for a 'free-form' reconstruction, but one for which the level of complexity is determined automatically by the observational data and may depend on position within the cluster. This is achieved by representing each independent cluster property as some interpolating or approximating function that is specified by a set of control points, or 'nodes', for which the number of nodes, together with their positions and amplitudes, are allowed to vary and are inferred in a Bayesian manner from the data. We illustrate our nodal approach in the case of a spherical cluster by modelling the electron pressure profile Pe(r) in analyses both of simulated Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) data from the Arcminute MicroKelvin Imager (AMI) and of real AMI observations of the cluster MACS J0744+3927 in the CLASH sample. We demonstrate that one may indeed determine the complexity supported by the data in the reconstructed Pe(r), and that one may constrain two very important quantities in such an analysis: the cluster total volume integrated Comptonisation parameter (Ytot) and the extent of the gas distribution in the cluster (rmax). The approach is also well-suited to detecting clusters in blind SZ surveys.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
Tunable pseudogaps due to non-local coherent transport in voltage-biased three-terminal Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Padurariu, Ciprian
name: Jonckheere, Thibaut
name: Rech, Jérôme
name: Martin, Thierry
name: Feinberg, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the proximity effect in junctions between $N=3$ superconductors under commensurate voltage bias. The bias is chosen to highlight the role of transport processes that exchange multiple Cooper pairs coherently between more than two superconductors. Such non-local processes can be studied in the dc response, where local transport processes do not contribute. We focus on the proximity-induced normal density of states that we investigate in a wide parameter space. We reveal the presence of deep and highly tunable pseudogaps and other rich structures. These are due to a static proximity effect that is absent for $N=2$ and is sensitive to an emergent superconducting phase associated to non-local coherent transport. In comparison with results for $N=2$, we find similarities in the signature peaks of multiple Andreev reflections. We discuss the effect of electron-hole decoherence and of various types of junction asymmetries. Our predictions can be investigated experimentally using tunneling spectroscopy.
description: 13 pages, 17 figures
Transiting Planets with LSST III: Detection Rate per Year of Operation
Creators: name: Jacklin, Savannah R.
name: Lund, Michael B.
name: Pepper, Joshua
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) will generate light curves for approximately 1 billion stars. Our previous work has demonstrated that, by the end of the LSST 10 year mission, large numbers of transiting exoplanetary systems could be recovered using the LSST "deep drilling" cadence. Here we extend our previous work to examine how the recoverability of transiting planets over a range of orbital periods and radii evolves per year of LSST operation. As specific example systems we consider hot Jupiters orbiting solar-type stars and hot Neptunes orbiting K-Dwarfs at distances from Earth of several kpc, as well as super-Earths orbiting nearby low-mass M-dwarfs. The detection of transiting planets increases steadily with the accumulation of data over time, generally becoming large (greater than 10 percent) after 4 - 6 years of operation. However, we also find that short-period (less than 2 day) hot Jupiters orbiting G-dwarfs and hot Neptunes orbiting K-dwarfs can already be discovered within the first 1 - 2 years of LSST operation.
description: 6 pages, 1 table, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Integral formulas for a metric-affine manifold with two complementary orthogonal distributions
Creators: name: Rovenski, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain integral formulas for a metric-affine space equipped with two complementary orthogonal distributions. The integrand depends on the Ricci and mixed scalar curvatures and invariants of the second fundamental forms and integrability tensors of the distributions. The formulas under some conditions yield splitting of manifolds (including submersions and twisted products) and provide geometrical obstructions for existence of distributions and foliations (or compact leaves of them).
description: 11 pages
A multi-dimensional analysis of usage counts, Mendeley readership, and citations for journal and conference papers
Creators: name: Tian, Wencan
name: Fang, Zhichao
name: Wang, Xianwen
name: Costas, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study analyzed 16,799 journal papers and 98,773 conference papers published by IEEE Xplore in 2016 to investigate the relationships among usage counts, Mendeley readership, and citations through descriptive, regression, and mediation analyses. Differences in the relationship among these metrics between journal and conference papers are also studied. Results showed that there is no significant difference between journal and conference papers in the distribution patterns and accumulation rates of the three metrics. However, the correlation coefficients of the interrelationships between the three metrics were lower in conference papers compared to journal papers. Secondly, funding, international collaboration, and open access are positively associated with all three metrics, except for the case of funding on the usage metrics of conference papers. Furthermore, early Mendeley readership is a better predictor of citations than early usage counts and performs better for journal papers. Finally, we reveal that early Mendeley readership partially mediates between early usage counts and citation counts in the journal and conference papers. The main difference is that conference papers rely more on the direct effect of early usage counts on citations. This study contributes to expanding the existing knowledge on the relationships among usage counts, Mendeley readership, and citations in journal and conference papers, providing new insights into the relationship between the three metrics through mediation analysis.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Experimental determination of the spin Hamiltonian of the cubic chiral magnet MnSi
Creators: name: de Reotier, P. Dalmas
name: Yaouanc, A.
name: Lapertot, G.
name: Wang, C.
name: Amato, A.
name: Andreica, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough description of the physics of a magnetic compound requires the validation of its microscopic spin Hamiltonian. Here, from the analysis of muon-spin rotation spectra recorded in the magnetically ordered state at low temperature in zero and finite magnetic fields, we determine the minimal Hamiltonian for the chiral binary intermetallic magnet MnSi, consistent with its high-temperature nonsymmorphic cubic space group P$2_1$3. The model provides constraints for the orientation of the Moriya vector characterizing the microscopic Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, with respect to the Mn nearest-neighbor bonds. Small twist and canting of the magnetic structure are revealed. Our result indicates that, within experimental uncertainties, the magnetoelastic coupling is not strong enough to lower the paramagnetic crystal symmetry in the magnetically ordered state. Additional implications from our work are discussed and complementary studies are suggested.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, and supplemental material
Large host-galaxy dispersion measure of fast radio bursts
Creators: name: Yang, Yuan-Pei
name: Luo, Rui
name: Li, Zhuo
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) have excessive dispersion measures (DMs) and an all-sky distribution, which point toward an extragalactic or even a cosmological origin. We develop a method to extract the mean host galaxy DM ($\left\langle{\rm DM_{HG,loc}}\right\rangle$) and the characterized luminosity ($L$) of FRBs using the observed DM-Flux data, based on the assumption of a narrow luminosity distribution. Applying Bayesian inference to the data of 21 FRBs, we derive a relatively large mean host DM, i.e. $\left\langle{\rm DM_{HG,loc}}\right\rangle \sim 270~\rm{pc~cm^{-3}}$ with a large dispersion. A relatively large ${\rm DM_{HG}}$ of FRBs is also supported by the millisecond scattering times of some FRBs and the relatively small redshift $z=0.19273$ of FRB 121102 (which gives ${\rm DM_{HG,loc}} \sim 210 ~\rm{pc~cm^{-3}}$). The large host galaxy DM may be contributed by the ISM or a near-source plasma in the host galaxy. If it is contributed by the ISM, the type of the FRB host galaxies would not be Milky Way (MW)-like, consistent with the detected host of FRB 121102. We also discuss the possibility of having a near-source supernova remnant (SNR), pulsar wind nebula (PWN) or HII region that gives a significant contribution to the observed ${\rm DM_{HG}}$.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure. Upgrade with 21 FRBs. Accepted for publication in ApJL
A Vector Field Method for Radiating Black Hole Spacetimes
Creators: name: Oliver, Jesus
name: Sterbenz, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a commuting vector field method for a general class of radiating spacetimes. The metrics considered are certain long range perturbations of Minkowski space including those constructed from global stability problems in general relativity. Our method provides sharp peeling estimates for solutions to both linear and nonlinear (null form) scalar fields.
On the semisimplicity of the cyclotomic quiver Hecke algebra of type C
Creators: name: Speyer, Liron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E10, 16G10, 81R10

description: We provide criteria for the cyclotomic quiver Hecke algebras of type C to be semisimple. In the semisimple case, we construct the irreducible modules.
description: 13 pages, comments welcome; v2 corrects main theorem by using the natural pairing instead of the invariant bilinear form, and fixes some typos; v3 incorporates suggestions of the referee and is the final version, to appear in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
Integrative review of singing and music interventions for family carers of people living with dementia
Creators: name: Lee, Sophie
name: Allison, Theresa
name: O’Neil, Desmond
name: PUNCH, PATTIE
name: Helitzer, Elizabeth
name: Moss, Hilary
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2022
Subjects: Creative arts and writing

description: The majority of people living with dementia are cared for by their families. Family carers play a vital role in upholding the formal care system. Caring for a family member with dementia can be fulfilling. However, this role can have a considerable negative impact on family carers’ mental and physical health and quality of life. Several empirical research studies have recently been conducted that explore the potential benefits of music interventions for family carers of people living with dementia. Singing has been the primary musical medium employed. This article presents the first review of this literature to date. It investigates the impact of music interventions on the health and well-being of family carers of people living with dementia, and how they experience and perceive these interventions. Whittemore and Knafl’s five-stage integrative review framework was utilized: (i) problem identification; (ii) literature search; (iii) data evaluation; (iv) data analysis and synthesis; and (v) presentation of the findings. A total of 33 studies met the inclusion criteria. Analysis and synthesis resulted in three overarching themes: impact on family carers, carer perceptions of music interventions and null quantitative findings in small studies. The review found that singing and music interventions may improve family carers’ social and emotional well-being, enhance their ability to cope and care and ameliorate the caring relationship, contributing to experiences of flourishing. However, it highlighted that this area is under-researched and pointed to the need for larger, more rigorous studies.
Bifurcation Results for Traveling Waves in Nonlinear Magnetic Metamaterials
Creators: name: Agaoglou, M.
name: Rothos, V. M.
name: Fratzeskakis, D. J
name: Veldes, G. P.
name: Susanto, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34-xx

description: In this work, we study a model of a one-dimensional magnetic metamaterial formed by a discrete array of nonlinear resonators. We focus on periodic and localized traveling waves of the model, in the presence of loss and an external drive. Employing a Melnikov analysis we study the existence and persistence of such traveling waves, and study their linear stability. We show that, under certain conditions, the presence of dissipation and/or driving may stabilize or destabilize the solutions. Our analytical results are found to be in good agreement with direct numerical computations.
description: 12 pages
What are the low-$Q$ and large-$x$ boundaries of collinear QCD factorization theorems?
Creators: name: Moffat, E.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
name: Rogers, T. C.
name: Sato, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Familiar factorized descriptions of classic QCD processes such as deeply-inelastic scattering (DIS) apply in the limit of very large hard scales, much larger than nonperturbative mass scales and other nonperturbative physical properties like intrinsic transverse momentum. Since many interesting DIS studies occur at kinematic regions where the hard scale, $Q \sim$ 1-2 GeV, is not very much greater than the hadron masses involved, and the Bjorken scaling variable $x_{bj}$ is large, $x_{bj} \gtrsim 0.5$, it is important to examine the boundaries of the most basic factorization assumptions and assess whether improved starting points are needed. Using an idealized field-theoretic model that contains most of the essential elements that a factorization derivation must confront, we retrace the steps of factorization approximations and compare with calculations that keep all kinematics exact. We examine the relative importance of such quantities as the target mass, light quark masses, and intrinsic parton transverse momentum, and argue that a careful accounting of parton virtuality is essential for treating power corrections to collinear factorization. We use our observations to motivate searches for new or enhanced factorization theorems specifically designed to deal with moderately low-$Q$ and large-$x_{bj}$ physics.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures