cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessing Cultural Heritage: Containing Tradition in the Hindmarsh Island Bridge Affair
Creators: name: Pinoli, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160104 Social and Cultural Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 210303 Australian History (excl. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander History)
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: This thesis explores how legal and public discourses have constrained'anthropological and Indigenous representations of culture where Aboriginal groups have sought to have their traditional beliefs and values recognised and protected by legislative provisions. Ngarrindjeri women in the Hindmarsh Island Bridge affair in South Australia have been one such group. Once subsumed into the sphere of governmental and legal adjudication, cultural claims are scrutinised, analysed, and problematised in order to determine whether these claims fall within lego-political boundaries of 'authentic' Aboriginal culture. I consider the relationships between anthropologists, the judicial system and Ngarrindjeri people within this contested and politicised site. I explore how knowledge of culture and tradition was produced within legal domains, and elucidate the constraints on, and conditions for, the production of 'truth' regarding the existence of 'women's business' of religious significance associated with Hindmarsh Island. I argue that the lego-legislative requirements for the presentation of culture occurred within narrow understandings of tradition. This occurred at the expense of acknowledging the relationship between spiritual beliefs and tradition, the politics of identity, the innovative processes inherent in Aboriginal cultural beliefs and practices, and the forces of a turbulent post-contact history.
Everything that glitters is not gold: V1315 Cas is not a dormant black hole
Creators: name: Zak, J.
name: Jones, D.
name: Boffin, H. M. J.
name: Beck, P. G.
name: Klencki, J.
name: Bodensteiner, J.
name: Shenar, T.
name: Van Winckel, H.
name: Skarka, M.
name: Arellano-Córdova, K.
name: Viuho, J.
name: Sowicka, P.
name: Guenther, E. W.
name: Hatzes, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quest for quiet or dormant black holes has been ongoing since several decades. Ellipsoidal variables possibly indicate the existence of a very high-mass invisible companion and are thought to be one of the best ways to find such dormant black holes. This, however, is not a panacea as we show here with one example. We indeed report the discovery of a new semi-detached interacting binary, V1315 Cas, discovered as an ellipsoidal variable. Using data from photometric surveys (ASAS-SN, TESS) and high-resolution spectroscopy, we derived a nearly circular orbit with an orbital period of $P_{\rm{orb}}$=34.54 d. The binary system consists of an evolved F-type star primary that is likely still filling its Roche lobe and a B-type star secondary. Using \textsc{phoebe}2, we derived the following masses and radii: for the primary, $M_p =0.84 \pm 0.03 \, M_\odot$ and $R_p =18.51^{+0.12}_{-0.07} \, R_\odot$; for the secondary, $M_s =7.3 \pm 0.3 \,M_\odot$ and $R_s =4.02^{+2.3}_{-2.0}\,R_\odot$. Modeling the evolution of the system with MESA, we found an age of $\sim$7.7e7 years. The system is at the end of a period of rapid non-conservative mass transfer that reversed its mass ratio, while significantly widening its orbit. The primary shows carbon depletion and nitrogen overabundance, indicative of CNO processed material being exposed due to mass transfer. An infrared excess as well as stationary H$α$ emission suggest the presence of a circumstellar or circumbinary disc. V1315 Cas will likely become a detached stripped star binary.
description: Accepted in MNRAS
Thermodynamic stability and critical points in multicomponent mixtures with structured interactions
Creators: name: Graf, Isabella R.
name: Machta, Benjamin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical work has shed light on the phase behavior of idealized mixtures of many components with random interactions. But typical mixtures interact through particular physical features, leading to a structured, non-random interaction matrix of lower rank. Here we develop a theoretical framework for such mixtures and derive mean-field conditions for thermodynamic stability and critical behavior. Irrespective of the number of components and features, this framework allows for a generally lower-dimensional representation in the space of features and proposes a principled way to coarse-grain multicomponent mixtures as binary mixtures. Moreover, it suggests a way to systematically characterize different series of critical points and their codimensions in mean-field. Since every pairwise interaction matrix can be expressed in terms of features, our work is applicable to a broad class of mean-field models.
description: Fixed an error in the formula for the codimension of higher-order critical points; Now published in Physical Review Research
(101598) Sidney Dillon Shallard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Equivariant bundle gerbes
Creators: name: Murray, Michael K.
name: Roberts, David Michael
name: Stevenson, Danny
name: Vozzo, Raymond F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C80, 18G30, 55R91

description: We develop the theory of simplicial extensions for bundle gerbes and their characteristic classes with a view towards studying descent problems and equivariance for bundle gerbes. Equivariant bundle gerbes are important in the study of orbifold sigma models. We consider in detail two examples: the basic bundle gerbe on a unitary group and a string structure for a principal bundle. We show that the basic bundle gerbe is equivariant for the conjugation action and calculate its characteristic class; we show also that a string structure gives rise to a bundle gerbe which is equivariant for a natural action of the String 2-group.
description: v2 35 pages, introduction rewritten, references added, no other substantial changes; v1 33 pages. Comments welcome. License is CC-BY
(101597) Harriet Parfitt Powell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Analysis of the dynamics of a spacecraft in the vicinity of an asteroid binary system with equal masses
Creators: name: Santos, L. B. T.
name: Sousa-Silva, P. A.
name: Terra, M. O.
name: Aljbaae, S.
name: Sanchez, D. M.
name: Prado, A. F. B. A.
name: Oliveira, G. M.
name: Monteiro, F.
name: Almeida, A. K. de
name: Lima, N. B.
name: Lima, N. B. D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we performed a dynamical analysis of a spacecraft around a nearly equal-mass binary near-Earth asteroid with application to the asteroid 2017 YE5, which is also a possible dormant Jupiter-family comet. Thus, we investigated the motion of a particle around this binary system using the circular restricted three-body problem. We calculated the locations of the Lagrangian points of the system and their Jacobi constant. Through numerical simulations, using the Poincaré Surface of Sections, it was possible to find several prograde and retrograde periodic orbits around each binary system's primary, some exhibiting significantly-sized higher-order behavior. We also calculated the stability of these orbits. After finding the periodic orbits, we investigated the influence of solar radiation pressure on these orbits. For this analysis, we considered that the area-to-mass ratio equals 0.01 and 0.1. We also performed a spacecraft lifetime analysis considering the physical and orbital characteristics of the 2017YE5 system and investigated the behavior of a spacecraft in the vicinity of this system. We analyzed direct and retrograde orbits for different values of Jacobi's constant. This study investigated orbits that survive for at least six months, not colliding or escaping the system during that time. We also analyze the initial conditions that cause the spacecraft to collide with $M_1$ or $M_2$, or escape from the system. In this work, we take into account the gravitational forces of the binary asteroid system and the solar radiation pressure (SRP). Finally, we calculated optimal bi-impulsive orbital maneuvers between the collinear Lagrangian points. We found a family of possible orbital transfers considering times of flight between 0.1 and 1 day.
(101596) George Rennie Hutton Powell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Translational diffusion of bovine prothrombin fragment 1 weakly bound to supported planar membranes: measurement by total internal reflection with fluorescence pattern photobleaching recovery
Creators: name: Huang, Z.
name: Pearce, K. H.
name: Thompson, N. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Previous work has shown that bovine prothrombin fragment 1 binds to substrate-supported planar membranes composed of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylserine (PS) in a Ca(2+)-specific manner. The apparent equilibrium dissociation constant is 1-15 microM, and the average membrane residency time is approximately 0.25 s-1. In the present work, fluorescence pattern photobleaching recovery with evanescent interference patterns (TIR-FPPR) has been used to measure the translational diffusion coefficients of the weakly bound fragment 1. The results show that the translational diffusion coefficients on fluid-like PS/PC planar membranes are on the order of 10(-9) cm2/s and are reduced when the fragment 1 surface density is increased. Control measurements were carried out for fragment 1 on solid-like PS/PC planar membranes. The dissociation kinetics were similar to those on fluid-like membranes, but protein translational mobility was not detected. TIR-FPPR was also used to measure the diffusion coefficient of the fluorescent lipid NBD-PC in fluid-like PS/PC planar membranes. In these measurements, the diffusion coefficient was approximately 10(-8) cm2/s, which is consistent with that measured by conventional fluorescence pattern photobleaching recovery. This work represents the first measurement of a translational diffusion coefficient for a protein weakly bound to a membrane surface.
(101595) Emily Haddon Powell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(101594) Harriet Sebry
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Numerical investigations of the orbital dynamics around a synchronous binary system of asteroids
Creators: name: Santos, L. B. T.
name: Almeida, Allan Kardec de
name: Sousa-Silva, P. A.
name: Terra, M. O.
name: Sanchez, D. M.
name: Aljbaae, S.
name: Prado, A. F. B. A.
name: Monteiro, F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, equilibrium points and families of periodic orbits in the vicinity of the collinear equilibrium points of a binary asteroid system are investigated with respect to the angular velocity of the secondary body, the mass ratio of the system and the size of the secondary. We assume that the gravitational fields of the bodies are modeled assuming the primary as a mass point and the secondary as a rotating mass dipole. This model allows to compute families of planar and halo periodic orbits that emanate from the equilibrium points $ L_1 $ and $L_2$. The stability and bifurcations of these families are analyzed and the results are compared with the results obtained with the Restricted Three-Body Problem (RTBP). The results provide an overview of the dynamical behavior in the vicinity of a binary asteroid system.
Dynamics Around an Asteroid Modeled as a Mass Tripole
Creators: name: Santos, L. B. T.
name: Marchi, L. O.
name: Sousa-Silva, P. A.
name: Sanchez, D. M.
name: Aljbaae, S.
name: Prado, A. F. B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital dynamics of a spacecraft orbiting around irregular small celestial bodies is a challenging problem. Difficulties to model the gravity field of these bodies arise from the poor knowledge of the exact shape as observed from the Earth. In order to understand the complex dynamical environment in the vicinity of irregular asteroids, several studies have been conducted using simplified models. In this work, we investigate the qualitative dynamics in the vicinity of an asteroid with an arched shape using a tripole model based on the existence of three mass points linked to each other by rods with given lengths and negligible masses. We applied our results to some real systems, namely, asteroids 8567, 243 Ida and 433 Eros and also Phobos, one of the natural satellites of Mars.
Adaptive FEM for parameter-errors in elliptic linear-quadratic parameter estimation problems
Creators: name: Becker, Roland
name: Innerberger, Michael
name: Praetorius, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider an elliptic linear-quadratic parameter estimation problem with a finite number of parameters. A novel a priori bound for the parameter error is proved and, based on this bound, an adaptive finite element method driven by an a posteriori error estimator is presented. Unlike prior results in the literature, our estimator, which is composed of standard energy error residual estimators for the state equation and suitable co-state problems, reflects the faster convergence of the parameter error compared to the (co)-state variables. We show optimal convergence rates of our method; in particular and unlike prior works, we prove that the estimator decreases with a rate that is the sum of the best approximation rates of the state and co-state variables. Experiments confirm that our method matches the convergence rate of the parameter error.
(101592) John Collard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Potential Tertiary Effects on the LISA Verification Binary HM Cancri
Creators: name: Seto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two groups recently analyzed the long-term orbital evolution of HM Cancri, which is one of the most important verification binaries for the space gravitational wave detector LISA. By using the reported first and second derivatives of its orbital frequency $f$, we discuss potential tertiary effects on this binary. We found that, in contrast to the first derivative $\dot f$, the second derivative $\ddot f$ might be strongly affected by a dark tertiary component such as an old white dwarf with an outer orbital period of $\sim$250 years.
description: 5 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The GAPS Programme with HARPS-N@TNG IX. The multi-planet system KELT-6: detection of the planet KELT-6 c and measurement of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for KELT-6 b
Creators: name: Damasso, M.
name: Esposito, M.
name: Nascimbeni, V.
name: Desidera, S.
name: Bonomo, A. S.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Malavolta, L.
name: Biazzo, K.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Covino, E.
name: Latham, D. W.
name: Gandolfi, D.
name: Rainer, M.
name: Petrovich, C.
name: Collins, K. A.
name: Boccato, C.
name: Claudi, R. U.
name: Cosentino, R.
name: Gratton, R.
name: Lanza, A. F.
name: Maggio, A.
name: Micela, G.
name: Molinari, E.
name: Pagano, I.
name: Piotto, G.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Smareglia, R.
name: Di Fabrizio, L.
name: Giacobbe, P.
name: Gomez-Jimenez, M.
name: Murabito, S.
name: Molinaro, M.
name: Affer, L.
name: Barbieri, M.
name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Benatti, S.
name: Borsa, F.
name: Maldonado, J.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Scandariato, G.
name: Southworth, J.
name: Sanchez, R. Zanmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. For more than 1.5 years we monitored spectroscopically the star KELT-6 (BD+312447), known to host the transiting hot Saturn KELT-6b, because a previously observed long-term trend in radial velocity time series suggested the existence of an outer companion. Methods. We collected a total of 93 new spectra with the HARPS-N and TRES spectrographs. A spectroscopic transit of KELT-6b was observed with HARPS-N, and simultaneous photometry was obtained with the IAC-80 telescope. Results. We proved the existence of an outer planet with a mininum mass M$_{\rm p}$sini=3.71$\pm$0.21 M$_{\rm Jup}$ and a moderately eccentric orbit ($e=0.21_{-0.036}^{+0.039}$) of period P$\sim$3.5 years. We improved the orbital solution of KELT-6b and obtained the first measurement of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect, showing that the planet has a likely circular, prograde, and slightly misaligned orbit, with a projected spin-orbit angle $λ$=$-$36$\pm$11 degrees. We improved the KELT-6b transit ephemeris from photometry, and we provided new measurements of the stellar parameters. KELT-6 appears as an interesting case to study the formation and evolution of multi-planet systems.
description: Letter, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. Some language editing and numbering of the paper series changed (from X to IX)
Predictions of the ratio and asymmetry probes of the invisible $Z$-boson decay
Creators: name: Saygin, Kadir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher-order predictions through the combined accuracy including next-to-leading order (NLO) electroweak (EW) and next-to-NLO (NNLO) quantum chromodynamics (QCD) corrections in underlying perturbation theories are presented thoroughly for the invisible decay of the $Z$ boson into neutrino pair relative to its decay into charged-lepton pair (leptonic decay). The combined NNLO QCD+NLO EW predictions are achieved based on the fully-differential calculations of cross sections of both the invisible and leptonic processes in proton-proton ($pp$) collisions at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy. Differential distributions of cross-section ratios of the invisible process to the leptonic process are presented as a function of the transverse momentum of the $Z$ boson $p^{Z}_{\rm{T}}$. For the first time, the predictions for differential distributions of cross-section asymmetries between the invisible process and the leptonic process are presented in bins of the $p^{Z}_{\rm{T}}$. The cross-section ratio and asymmetry distributions, which are referred to as the invisible probes, are considered to be important for controlling the invisible process by the leptonic process of the $Z$ boson and probing deviation from the Standard Model (SM) for new-physics searches. The predictions are extensively presented beyond the $Z$-boson mass resonance region to assess the potential of the invisible ratio and asymmetry probes for new-phenomena searches in high-invariant mass region of the lepton-pair final states. Various tests with threshold requirements of transverse momenta of neutrino pair and leptons are performed to assess the impact on the combined predictions. The invisible ratio and asymmetry probes are proposed to be important probes for indirect searches of new-physics scenarios.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures (7 plots)
First-order methods for the convex hull membership problem
Creators: name: Filippozzi, Rafaela
name: Gonçalves, Douglas S.
name: Santos, Luiz-Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C05, 90C25, 65D18

description: The convex hull membership problem (CHMP) consists in deciding whether a certain point belongs to the convex hull of a finite set of points, a decision problem with important applications in computational geometry and in foundations of linear programming. In this study, we review, compare and analyze first-order methods for CHMP, namely, Frank-Wolfe type methods, Projected Gradient methods and a recently introduced geometric algorithm, called Triangle Algorithm (TA). We discuss the connections between this algorithm and Frank-Wolfe, showing that TA can be interpreted as an inexact Frank-Wolfe. Despite this similarity, TA is strongly based on a theorem of alternatives known as distance duality. By using this theorem, we propose suitable stopping criteria for CHMP to be integrated into Frank-Wolfe type and Projected Gradient, specializing these methods to the membership decision problem. Interestingly, Frank-Wolfe integrated with such stopping criteria coincides with a greedy version of the Triangle Algorithm which is, in its turn, equivalent to an algorithm due to von Neumann. We report numerical experiments on random instances of CHMP, carefully designed to cover different scenarios, that indicate which algorithm is preferable according to the geometry of the convex hull and the relative position of the query point. Concerning potential applications, we present two illustrative examples, one related to linear programming feasibility problems and another related to image classification problems.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures
Dynamo regimes and transitions in the VKS experiment
Creators: name: Berhanu, M.
name: Verhille, G.
name: Boisson, J.
name: Gallet, B.
name: Gissinger, C.
name: Fauve, S.
name: Mordant, N
name: Pétrélis, F.
name: Bourgoin, M.
name: Odier, P.
name: Pinton, J. -F
name: Plihon, N.
name: Aumaître, S
name: Chiffaudel, A.
name: Daviaud, F.
name: Dubrulle, B.
name: Pirat, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Von K{á}rm{á}n Sodium experiment yields a variety of dynamo regimes, when asymmetry is imparted to the flow by rotating impellers at different speed F1 and F2. We show that as the intensity of forcing, measured as F1 + F2, is increased, the transition to a self-sustained magnetic field is always observed via a supercritical bifurcation to a stationary state. For some values of the asymmetry parameter $\θ$ = (F1--F2)/(F1+F2), time dependent dynamo regimes develop. They are observed either when the forcing is increased for a given value of asymmetry, or when the amount of asymmetry is varied at sufficiently high forcing. Two qualitatively different transitions between oscillatory and stationary regimes are reported, involving or not a strong divergence of the period of oscillations. These transitions can be interpreted using a low dimensional model based on the interactions of two dynamo modes.
Sci-GaIA Deliverable D2.1 - A comprehensive framework for accreditation and pedagogical support process formalization
Creators: name: Tenhunen, Hannu
Publisher: name: Sci-GaIA Open Access Repository
Year: 2016

description: This deliverable presents the status of the activities of WP2 (Support new and already emerging communities of practice), Task 2.4 (Support communities of practice by mobilizing universities as development resources)
Analysis of simulated and experimental fluorescence recovery after photobleaching. Data for two diffusing components
Creators: name: Wang, X. F.
name: Herman, B.
name: Chazotte, B.
name: Gordon, G. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching has been a popular technique to quantify the lateral mobility of membrane components. A variety of analysis methods have been used to determine the lateral diffusional mobility, D. However, many of these methods suffer from the drawbacks that they are not able to discern two-component diffusion (i.e., three-point fit), cannot solve for two components (linearization procedures), and do not perform well at low signal-to-noise. To overcome these limitations, we have adopted the approach of fitting fluorescence recovery after photobleaching curves by the full series solution using a Marquardt algorithm. Using simulated data of one or two diffusing components, determinations of the accuracy and reliability of the method with regard to extraction of diffusion parameters and the differentiation of one- versus two-component recovery curves were made under a variety of conditions comparable with those found in actual experimental situations. The performance of the method was also examined in experiments on artificial liposomes and fibroblast membranes labeled with fluorescent lipid and/or protein components. Our results indicate that: 1) the method was capable of extracting one- and two-component D values over a large range of conditions; 2) the D of a one-component recovery can be measured to within 10% with a small signal (100 prebleach photon counts per channel); 3) a two-component recovery requires more than 100-fold greater signal level than a one-component recovery for the same error; and 4) for two-component fits, multiple recovery curves may be needed to provide adequate signal to achieve the desired level of confidence in the fitted parameters and in the differentiation of one- and two-component diffusion.
Calmodulin activation and inhibition of skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor)
Creators: name: Xu, L.
name: Meissner, G.
name: Tripathy, A.
name: Mann, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: The calmodulin-binding properties of the rabbit skeletal muscle Ca2+ release channel (ryanodine receptor) and the channel's regulation by calmodulin were determined at < or = 0.1 microM and micromolar to millimolar Ca2+ concentrations. [125I]Calmodulin and [3H]ryanodine binding to sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles and purified Ca2+ release channel preparations indicated that the large (2200 kDa) Ca2+ release channel complex binds with high affinity (KD = 5-25 nM) 16 calmodulins at < or = 0.1 microM Ca2+ and 4 calmodulins at 100 microM Ca2+. Calmodulin-binding affinity to the channel showed a broad maximum at pH 6.8 and was highest at 0.15 M KCl at both < or = 0.1 MicroM and 100 microM Ca2+. Under condition closely related to those during muscle contraction and relaxation, the half-times of calmodulin dissociation and binding were 50 +/- 20 s and 30 +/- 10 min, respectively. SR vesicle-45Ca2+ flux, single-channel, and [3H]ryanodine bind measurements showed that, at < or = 0.2 microM Ca2+, calmodulin activated the Ca2+ release channel severalfold. Ar micromolar to millimolar Ca2+ concentrations, calmodulin inhibited the Ca(2+)-activated channel severalfold. Hill coefficients of approximately 1.3 suggested no or only weak cooperative activation and inhibition of Ca2+ release channel activity by calmodulin. These results suggest a role for calmodulin in modulating SR Ca2+ release in skeletal muscle at both resting and elevated Ca2+ concentrations.
'Catharsis'. From Lessing's Moral Purification to Goethe's Purity of Form
Creators: name: Fornaro, Sotera
Publisher: name: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies
Year: 2016

description: The present essay addresses Goethe’s interpretation of ‘catharsis’. Goethe reacted to a moral interpretation of catharsis (propounded by a long line of critics from Brumoy to Lessing) by maintaining that Aristotle understood catharsis as an artistic process only. In his opinion, catharsis was a kind of ultimate effect that, while not acting on the spectators’ morality, certainly affected their satisfaction and contentment and was, in fact, the necessary fulfilment of any well-structured and consistent tragedy. In addition, Goethe conceived the act of writing poetry itself as a cathartic process; this entails that a “purged” work of art is also the outcome of an ideal Classicism. Indeed, the attainment of “pure” poetic forms is the main topic over which Goethe and Schiller debated in their correspondence.
description: Skenè. Journal of Theatre and Drama Studies, Vol 2 No 1 (2016): Catharsis, Ancient and Modern
Detection of temporary lateral confinement of membrane proteins using single-particle tracking analysis
Creators: name: Simson, R.
name: Sheets, E. D.
name: Jacobson, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Techniques such as single-particle tracking allow the characterization of the movements of single or very few molecules. Features of the molecular trajectories, such as confined diffusion or directed transport, can reveal interesting biological interactions, but they can also arise from simple Brownian motion. Careful analysis of the data, therefore, is necessary to identify interesting effects from pure random movements. A method was developed to detect temporary confinement in the trajectories of membrane proteins that cannot be accounted for by Brownian motion. This analysis was applied to trajectories of two lipid-linked members of the immunoglobulin superfamily, Thy-1 and a neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM 125), and the results were compared with those for simulated random walks. Approximately 28% of the trajectories for both proteins exhibited periods of transient confinement, which were < 0.07% likely to arise from random movements. In contrast to these results, only 1.5% of the simulated trajectories showed confined periods. Transient confinement for both proteins lasted on average 8 s in regions that were approximately 280 nm in diameter.
Achieving Energy-Efficient Uplink URLLC with MIMO-Aided Grant-Free Access
Creators: name: Zhao, Linlin
name: Yang, Shaoshi
name: Chi, Xuefen
name: Chen, Wanzhong
name: Ma, Shaodan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The optimal design of the energy-efficient multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) aided uplink ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) system is an important but unsolved problem. For such a system, we propose a novel absorbing-Markov-chain-based analysis framework to shed light on the puzzling relationship between the delay and reliability, as well as to quantify the system energy efficiency. We derive the transition probabilities of the absorbing Markov chain considering the Rayleigh fading, the channel estimation error, the zero-forcing multi-user-detection (ZF-MUD), the grant-free access, the ACK-enabled retransmissions within the delay bound and the interactions among these technical ingredients. Then, the delay-constrained reliability and the system energy efficiency are derived based on the absorbing Markov chain formulated. Finally, we study the optimal number of user equipments (UEs) and the optimal number of receiving antennas that maximize the system energy efficiency, while satisfying the reliability and latency requirements of URLLC simultaneously. Simulation results demonstrate the accuracy of our theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of massive MIMO in supporting large-scale URLLC systems.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted to appear on IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, Aug. 2021
Highly ionized xenon and volumetric weighting in restricted focal geometries
Creators: name: Strohaber, J.
name: Kolomenskii, A. A.
name: Schuessler, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ionization of xenon atoms subjected to 42fs, 800nm pulses of radiation from a Ti:Sapphire laser was investigated. In our experiments a maximum laser intensity of $\sim2\times 10^{15} \textrm{W}/\textrm{cm}^2$ was used. Xenon ions were measured using a time-of-flight ion mass spectrometer having an entrance slit with dimensions of $12μ\textrm{m} \times 400μ\textrm{m}$. The observed yields $\textrm{Xe}^{n+} (n=1-7)$ were partially free of spatial averaging. The ion yields showed sequential and nonsequential multiple ionization and dip structures following saturation. To investigate the dip structures and to perform a comparison between experimental and simulated data, with the goal of clarifying the effects of residual spatial averaging, we derived a hybrid analytical-numerical solution for the integration kernel in restricted focal geometries. We simulated xenon ionization using Ammosov-Delone-Krainov and Perelomov-Popov-Terent'ev theories and obtained agreement with the results of observations. Since a large number of experiments suffer from spatial averaging, the results presented are important to correctly interpret experimental data by taking into account spatial averaging.
description: 9 pages and 7 figures
Time course of release of catecholamines from individual vesicles during exocytosis at adrenal medullary cells
Creators: name: Finnegan, J. M.
name: Pihel, K.
name: Ciolkowski, E. L.
name: Wightman, R. M.
name: Schroeder, T. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: The time course of extrusion of the vesicular contents during exocytosis has been examined at adrenal medullary cells with carbon-fiber microelectrodes. Two electrochemical techniques were used: cyclic voltammetry and amperometry. Spikes obtained by amperometry had a faster time course than those measured by cyclic voltammetry, consistent with the different concentration profiles established by each technique. However, the experimental data obtained with both techniques were temporally broadened with respect to dispersion of an instantaneous point source by diffusion. Measurements with the electrode firmly pressed against the cell surface established that the temporal broadening is a result of a rate-limiting kinetic step associated with extrusion of the vesicular contents at the cell surface. The data do not support a rate-limiting process due to restricted efflux from a small pore. When combined with previous results, the data suggest that the rate-limiting step for chemical secretion from adrenal medullary cells during exocytosis is the dissociation of catecholamines from the vesicular matrix at the surface of the cell.
Binding of bovine factor Va to phosphatidylcholine membranes
Creators: name: Lentz, Barry R.
name: Koppaka, Vishwanath
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: The interaction of bovine factor Va with phosphatidylcholine membranes was examined using four different fluorescence techniques: 1) changes in the fluorescence anisotropy of the fluorescent membrane probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) to monitor the interaction of factor Va with 1,2-dimyristoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC) small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs), 2) changes in the fluorescence anisotropy of N-(lissamine rhodamine B sulfonyl) diacyl phosphati-dylethanolamine (Rh-PE) incorporated into SUVs prepared from 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-sn-phosphatidylcholine (POPC), 3) changes in the fluorescence anisotropy of fluorescein-labeled factor Va (labeled in the heavy chain) upon interaction with POPC SUVs, 4) fluorescence energy transfer from fluorescein-labeled factor Va to rhodamine-labeled POPC SUVs. In the first two sets of experiments, labeled lipid vesicles were titrated with unlabeled protein, whereas, in the latter two types of experiments, labeled factor Va was titrated with vesicles. For the weak binding observed here, it was impossible from any one binding experiment to obtain precise estimates of the three parameters involved in modeling the lipid-protein interaction, namely, the dissociation constant Kd, the stoichiometry of binding i, and the saturation value of the observable Rmax from any one experiment. However, a global analysis of the four data sets involving POPC SUVs yielded a stable estimate of the binding parameters (Kd of approximately 3.0 microM and a stoichiometry of approximately 200 lipids per bound factor Va). Binding to DMPC SUVs may be of slightly higher affinity. These observations support the contention that association of factor Va with a membrane involves a significant acidic-lipid-independent interaction along with the more commonly accepted acidic-lipid-dependent component of the total binding free energy.
Energy transfer mechanisms in adverse pressure gradient turbulent boundary layers
Creators: name: Gungor, Taygun R.
name: Maciel, Yvan
name: Gungor, Ayse G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy transfer mechanisms and structures playing a role in these mechanisms in adverse-pressure-gradient (APG) turbulent boundary layers (TBLs) with small and large velocity defects are investigated. We examine the wall-normal and spectral distributions of energy, production and pressure-strain in APG TBLs and compare these distributions with those in canonical flows. It is found that the spectral distributions of production and pressure-strain are not profoundly affected by an increase of the velocity defect, although the energy spectra drastically change in the inner layer of the large defect APG TBL. In the latter, the signature of the inner layer streaks is absent from the energy spectra. However, the production and pressure-strain spectra suggest that the near-wall cycle or another energy transfer mechanism with similar spectral features still exist in large defect TBLs. In the outer layer, energetic, production and pressure-strain structures appear to change from wall-attached to wall-detached structures with increasing velocity defect. Despite this, the 2D spectral distributions have similar shapes and wavelength aspect ratios of the peaks in all these flows. These observations suggest that outer layer energy transfer mechanisms may be the same in wall-bounded flows, no matter if dynamically relevant structures are attached or detached to the wall. Therefore, the conclusion is that the mechanisms responsible for turbulence production and inter-component energy transfer may remain the same within each layer in all these flows. It is the intensity of these mechanisms within one layer that changes with velocity defect, because of the local mean shear variation.
Fiber fuse propagation modes for typical single-mode fibers
Creators: name: TODOROKI, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: National Institute for Materials Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: fiber fuse
optical fiber
propagation modes
void formation

description: The precise measurement of fusing speed revealed that its behavior varies depending on the plasma volume per pump beam diameter.  Irregular void patterns appear when the pump power changes faster than the surrounding melt relaxes.
Observation of large intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity in polycrystalline Mn$_3$Sn films
Creators: name: AfzaL, W.
name: Yue, Z.
name: Li, Z.
name: Fuhrer, M.
name: Wang, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of anomalous Hall effect in Mn$_3$Sn polycrystalline thin films deposited on Pt coated Al$_2$O$_3$ substrate with a large anomalous Hall conductivity of 65($Ω$cm)$^{-1}$ at 3K. The Hall and magnetic measurements show a very small hysteresis owing to a weak ferromagnetic moment in this material. The longitudinal resistivity decreases sufficiently for the thin films as compared to the polycrystalline bulk sample used as the target for the film deposition. The anomalous Hall resistivity and conductivity decreases almost linearly with the increase in the temperature. A negative magnetoresistance is observed for all the measured temperatures with the negative decrease in the magnitude with the increase in temperature.
Helical mode interactions and spectral transfer processes in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Creators: name: Linkmann, Moritz F.
name: Berera, Arjun
name: McKay, Mairi E.
name: Jäger, Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral transfer processes in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence are investigated analytically by decomposition of the velocity and magnetic fields in Fourier space into helical modes. Steady solutions of the dynamical system which governs the evolution of the helical modes are determined, and a stability analysis of these solutions is carried out. The interpretation of the analysis is that unstable solutions lead to energy transfer between the interacting modes while stable solutions do not. From this, a dependence of possible interscale energy and helicity transfers on the helicities of the interacting modes is derived. As expected from the inverse cascade of magnetic helicity in 3D MHD turbulence, mode interactions with like helicities lead to transfer of energy and magnetic helicity to smaller wavenumbers. However, some interactions of modes with unlike helicities also contribute to an inverse energy transfer. As such, an inverse energy cascade for nonhelical magnetic fields is shown to be possible. Furthermore, it is found that high values of the cross-helicity may have an asymmetric effect on forward and reverse transfer of energy, where forward transfer is more quenched in regions of high cross-helicity than reverse transfer. This conforms with recent observations of solar wind turbulence. For specific helical interactions the relation to dynamo action is established.
description: 34 pages including references, 4 figures, corrected typos and updated references
Rare Events Are Nonperturbative: Primordial Black Holes From Heavy-Tailed Distributions
Creators: name: Hooshangi, Sina
name: Namjoo, Mohammad Hossein
name: Noorbala, Mahdiyar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years it has been noted that the perturbative treatment of the statistics of fluctuations may fail to make correct predictions for the abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs). Moreover, it has been shown in some explicit single-field examples that the nonperturbative effects may lead to an exponential tail for the probability distribution function (PDF) of fluctuations responsible for PBH formation -- in contrast to the PDF being Gaussian, as suggested by perturbation theory. In this paper, we advocate that the so-called $δN$ formalism can be considered as a simple, yet effective, tool for the nonperturbative estimate of the tail of the PDF. We discuss the criteria a model needs to satisfy so that the results of the classical $δN$ formalism can be trusted and most possible complications due to the quantum nature of fluctuations can be avoided. As a proof of concept, we then apply this method to a simple example and show that the tail of the PDF can be even {\it heavier} than exponential, leading to a significant enhancement of the PBH formation probability, compared with the predictions of the perturbation theory. Our results, along with other related findings, motivate the invention of new, nonperturbative methods for the problem and open up new ideas on generating PBHs with notable abundance.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, V2: matches the published version