cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Differentiation between ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic projectiles in biological tissue and different orientations by means of the dual-energy-index and extended-CT-scale
Creators: name: Gascho, Dominic
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Forensic / Necropsy studies
subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Physics
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Forensics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The objective of this study was to distinguish between ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic projectiles in biological tissue considering the orientation of the projectile and the effect of bones in close proximity to the projectile. Previous research...
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: VS
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1812

description: Rundskriv: innsamling av penger til "Medaille Stempel"
description: Se direksjonsprotokoll s. 35, 28/6 1812. Polydoc nr. 1: 1139. Polydoc nr. 2: 537.
THE IMPACT OF CHILEAN FRUIT SECTOR DEVELOPMENT ON FEMALE EMPLOYMENT AND HOUSEHOLD INCOME
Creators: name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
name: Vera-Toscano, Esperanza
name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
name: Vera-Toscano, Esperanza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Labor and Human Capital

description: Modern fruit sector development in Chile led to agricultural employment for women, though usually only as temporary workers and often at a piece rate. Nonetheless, fruit sector employment offered women access to income and personal fulfillment previously lacking. This paper links the fruit sector to improving female and family economic welfare in rural Chile and changing gender relations. Using a unique longitudinal data set, we examine women's decisions regarding labor force participation and employment, their earnings and contributions to household income, and their attitudes toward employment to understand how new opportunities are changing women, their households, and the rural sector.
MARKET REFORMS VERSUS STRUCTURAL REFORMS IN RURAL CHINA
Creators: name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Estrin, Andrew J.
name: Carter, Colin A.
name: Estrin, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper adds to the debate on the impact of market reforms versus structural reforms in explaining agricultural output growth in China. A multiple-output stochastic frontier and a technical inefficiency equation are estimated using provincial data on the rural economy from 1986 to 1995. Grain self-sufficiency policies and incomplete market reforms in the 1980s and 1990s led to allocative inefficiency. Agricultural disinvestment shrunk the production frontier and the fragmentation of land holdings reduced technical efficiency. China's rural economic reform is far from being complete.
Using the Gerchberg-Saxton algorithm to reconstruct non-modulated pyramid wavefront sensor measurements
Creators: name: Chambouleyron, Vincent
name: Sengupta, Aditya
name: Salama, Maïssa
name: van Kooten, Maaike A. M
name: Gerard, Benjamin L.
name: Haffert, Sebastiaan Y.
name: Cetre, Sylvain
name: Dillon, Daren
name: Kupke, Renate
name: Jensen-Clem, Rebecca
name: Hinz, Phil
name: Macintosh, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adaptive optics (AO) is a technique to improve the resolution of ground-based telescopes by correcting, in real-time, optical aberrations due to atmospheric turbulence and the telescope itself. With the rise of Giant Segmented Mirror Telescopes (GSMT), AO is needed more than ever to reach the full potential of these future observatories. One of the main performance drivers of an AO system is the wavefront sensing operation, consisting of measuring the shape of the above mentioned optical aberrations. Aims. The non-modulated pyramid wavefront sensor (nPWFS) is a wavefront sensor with high sensitivity, allowing the limits of AO systems to be pushed. The high sensitivity comes at the expense of its dynamic range, which makes it a highly non-linear sensor. We propose here a novel way to invert nPWFS signals by using the principle of reciprocity of light propagation and the Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm. We test the performance of this reconstructor in two steps: the technique is first implemented in simulations, where some of its basic properties are studied. Then, the GS reconstructor is tested on the Santa Cruz Extreme Adaptive optics Laboratory (SEAL) testbed located at the University of California Santa Cruz. This new way to invert the nPWFS measurements allows us to drastically increase the dynamic range of the reconstruction for the nPWFS, pushing the dynamics close to a modulated PWFS. The reconstructor is an iterative algorithm requiring heavy computational burden, which could be an issue for real-time purposes in its current implementation. However, this new reconstructor could still be helpful in the case of many wavefront control operations. This reconstruction technique has also been successfully tested on the Santa Cruz Extreme AO Laboratory (SEAL) bench where it is now used as the standard way to invert nPWFS signal.
SENSITIVITY OF THE GME ESTIMATES TO SUPPORT BOUNDS
Creators: name: Paris, Quirino
name: Caputo, Michael R.
name: Paris, Quirino
name: Caputo, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The claim has been made that the Generalized Maximum Entropy (GME) estimator of Golan, Judge and Miller is not sensitive to variations in the support bounds of either the parameters or the error terms. In this paper, we scrutinized this claim by means of Monte Carlo experiments and found that the parameter estimates are impacted in a substantial way by these changes. We also analyzed the famous data sample on the US manufacturing industry used by Cobb and Douglas in 1934 and found that the GME estimator is very sensitive to changes in support bounds. We conclude with a general result by Caputo and Paris according to which any support bound variation produces unexpected responses in the parameter estimates.
Knowledge Series - US-China Rivalry in Southeast Asia, Particularly in Myanmar
Creators: name: Myanmar Knowledge Series
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The Knowledge Series

Research Bulletin Volume (3) 

US-China Rivalry in Southeast Asia, Particularly in Myanmar

Overview of US-China Rivalry in Southeast Asia

Myanmar as a Battleground in the US-China Rivalry

Impact on Myanmar’s Domestic Politics

Interaction Between Domestic and International Politics in Myanmar

Long-term Implications of US-China Rivalry on Myanmar’s Development

Paths Forward for Myanmar Amidst Geopolitical Tension
Electric Polarization in Inhomogeneous Crystals
Creators: name: Zhao, Yiqiang
name: Gao, Yang
name: Xiao, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the charge density up to second order in spatial gradient in inhomogeneous crystals using the semiclassical coarse graining procedure based on the wave packet method. It can be recast as divergence of polarization, whose first-order contribution consists of three parts, a perturbative correction to the original Berry connection expression, a topological part that can be written as an integral of the Chern-Simons 3-form, and a previously-unknown, quadrupole-like contribution. The topological part can be related to the quantized fractional charge carried by a vortex in two dimensional systems. We then generalize our results to the multi-band case and show that the quadrupole-like contribution plays an important role, as it makes the total polarization gauge-independent. Finally, we verify our theory in several model systems.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
HOW BRAZIL TRANSFERRED BILLIONS TO FOREIGN COFFEE IMPORTERS: THE INTERNATIONAL COFFEE AGREEMENT, RENT SEEKING AND EXPORT TAX REBATES
Creators: name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Rent seeking is well known, but empirical evidence of its effects is relatively rare. This paper analyzes the how domestic and international rent seeking caused Brazil to provide coffee export tax rebates that transferred foreign exchange to coffee importers. Although Brazil was the world's largest exporter, it began to pay export tax rebates to selected coffee importers in 1965 and, by 1988, had paid rebates totaling $8 billion. Brazil explained these rebates as a mechanism to price discriminate among importers and expand exports within the context of the export quota imposed by the International Coffee Agreement. We show this explanation was invalid during most of the period. The net price fell for those who received rebates, causing Brazil to effectively transfer approximately $3 billion to foreign importers. The effects of the rebate policy were never recognized in Brazil, hidden largely by the complex nature of government intervention in the coffee sector.
Vertices and inflexions of plane sections of surfaces in R^3
Creators: name: Diatta, Andre
name: Giblin, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A04, 53A05, 53A55, 51L15, 34C23, 68U05, 14H50, 14Q05, 14Q10, 51N05

description: We investigate the behaviour of vertices and inflexions on 1-parameter families of curves on smooth surfaces in the 3-space, which include a singular member. In particular, we discuss the context where the curves evolve as sections of a smooth surface by parallel planes. More precisely we will trace the patterns of inflexions and vertices (maxima and minima of curvature) on the sections of a surface as the section passes through a tangential point. We also keep track on the evolution of the curvature of the curves at vertices and control its limit when the vertices collapse at singular points. In particular, we cover all the generic cases, namely when the tangential points are elliptic (A1), umbilic (A1), hyperbolic(A1), parabolic (A2) and cusp of Gauss (A3) points. This has some applications in Computer vision and is also related to interesting mathematical problems such as Legendrian collapse, foliations of surfaces, the 4-vertex Theorem or in general the behaviour of vertices and inflexions in parameter families of curves etc.
description: v2: 22 pages, Latex. Added references and comments, 10 figures. Proof of main result improved, after discussions with Prof. Terry Wall. See also: http://www.liv.ac.uk/~pjgiblin/ or http://www.liv.ac.uk/~adiatta/diatta-giblin-surf-vertices.pdf
INSIDER PRIVATIZATION WITH A TAIL: THE BUYOUT PRICE AND PERFORMANCE OF PRIVATIZED FIRMS IN RURAL CHINA
Creators: name: Li, Hongbin
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Li, Hongbin
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Political Economy

description: This paper studies insider privatization in transition economies. We show theoretically that the underperformance of insider-privatized firms could be due to the manager-cum-owner's lack of incentives after privatization. A screening theory predicts that a firm's postprivatization incentives increase with the firm's buyout price. The empirical results show that the buyout price decreases with the degree of information asymmetry and that a firm's postprivatization performance increases with the buyout price. We also find that the performance of premium-paying firms converges with that of private firms after privatization; in contrast, heavily discounted firms perform indistinguishably from government-owned firms.
MgAl burning chain in Omega Centauri
Creators: name: Garay, Deimer Antonio Alvarez
name: Mucciarelli, Alessio
name: Bellazzini, Michele
name: Lardo, Carmela
name: Ventura, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we report the results of Fe, Mg, Al, and Si abundances analysis for a sample of 439 stars in Omega Centauri, using high-resolution spectra obtained with the VLT/FLAMES multi-object spectrograph. Our analysis reveals the presence of four distinct Fe populations, with the main peak occurring at low metallicity, consistent with previous literature findings. We observe a discrete and pronounced Mg-Al anti-correlation, which exhibits variations in shape and extension as a function of metallicity. Specifically, this anti-correlation is present in stars with metallicities lower than approximately -1.3 dex, while it becomes less evident or absent for higher [Fe/H] values. Additionally, we detect (anti-) correlations between Mg and Si, and between Al and Si, whose extensions also vary with metallicity, similar to the Mg-Al anti-correlation. These results suggest that the MgAl cycle plays a crucial role in the formation of multiple populations in Omega Centauri, with the presence of all (anti-) correlations at metallicities lower than -1.3 dex providing evidence for the burning of Mg at very high temperatures (> 10^8 K), at least in the metal-poor regime. Furthermore, we observe a clear trend of stars with [Al/Fe] > +0.5 dex as a function of metallicity, confirming for the first time the existence of the two channels of Al production and destruction. This evidence can help to provide further constraints on the potential nature of the polluters responsible for the observed chemical anomalies in this stellar system. Finally, we find that the two most metal-poor populations identified in our sample are compatible with null or very small metallicity dispersion and we discuss how this result fit into a scenario where Omega Centauri is the remnant of a disrupted nucleated dwarf galaxy.
description: Accepted for pubblication in A&A
Mesoptychia igiana L. Soderstr. et Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Jungermanniaceae
Mesoptychia
Mesoptychia igiana

description: Mesoptychia igiana (S.Hatt.) L.Söderstr. et Váňa,
Phytotaxa 65: 54, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012e). BASIONYM: Lophozia igiana S.Hatt., J. Jap. Bot. 31 (7): 201, 1956 (see Hattori 1956).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Topic Space Trajectories: A case study on machine learning literature
Creators: name: Schäfermeier, Bastian
name: Stumme, Gerd
name: Hanika, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7; I.2.6; H.3.1; H.3.7

description: The annual number of publications at scientific venues, for example, conferences and journals, is growing quickly. Hence, even for researchers it becomes harder and harder to keep track of research topics and their progress. In this task, researchers can be supported by automated publication analysis. Yet, many such methods result in uninterpretable, purely numerical representations. As an attempt to support human analysts, we present topic space trajectories, a structure that allows for the comprehensible tracking of research topics. We demonstrate how these trajectories can be interpreted based on eight different analysis approaches. To obtain comprehensible results, we employ non-negative matrix factorization as well as suitable visualization techniques. We show the applicability of our approach on a publication corpus spanning 50 years of machine learning research from 32 publication venues. Our novel analysis method may be employed for paper classification, for the prediction of future research topics, and for the recommendation of fitting conferences and journals for submitting unpublished work.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures
Testing Dark Energy with the Advanced Liquid-Mirror Probe of Asteroids, Cosmology and Astrophysics
Creators: name: Corasaniti, Pier Stefano
name: LoVerde, Marilena
name: Crotts, Arlin
name: Blake, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Advanced Liquid-Mirror Probe of Asteroids, Cosmology and Astrophysics (ALPACA) is a proposed 8-meter liquid mirror telescope surveying 1000 square degree of the southern-hemisphere sky. It will be a remarkably simple and inexpensive telescope, that nonetheless will deliver a powerful sample of optical data for studying dark energy. The bulk of the cosmological data consists of nightly, high signal-to-noise, multiband light curves of SN Ia. At the end of the three-years run ALPACA is expected to collect 100,000 SNe Ia up to z~1. This will allow us to reduce present systematic uncertainties affecting the standard-candle relation. The survey will also provide several other datasets such as the detection of baryon acoustic oscillations in the matter power spectrum and shear weak lensing measurements. In this preliminary analysis we forecast constraints on dark energy parameters from SN Ia and baryon acoustic oscillations. The combination of these two datasets will provide competitive constraints on the dark energy parameters under minimal prior assumptions. Further studies are needed to address the accuracy of weak lensing measurements.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. Added extended discussion on SN Ia systematics, matches MNRAS accepted version
Prediction of Fluorescence Quantum Yields using the Extended Thawed Gaussian Approximation
Creators: name: Wenzel, Michael
name: Mitric, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous emission and internal conversion rates are calculated within harmonic approximations and compared to results obtained within the semi-classical extended thawed Gaussian approximation. This is the first application of the ETGA in the calculation of internal conversion and emission rates for real molecular systems, namely formaldehyde, fluorobenzene, azulene and a dicyano-squaraine dye. The viability of the models as black-box tools for prediction of spontaneous emission and internal conversion rates is assessed. All calculations were done using a consistent protocol in order to investigate how different methods perform without previous experimental knowledge. Contrasting the results with experimental data shows that there are further improvements required before theoretical predictions of emission and internal conversion rates can be used as reliable indicator for the photo-luminescence properties of molecules. We find that the extended thawed Gaussian approximation performs rather similar to the vertical harmonical model. Including anharmonicities in the calculation of internal conversion rates has a moderate effect on the quantitative results in the studied systems. The electronic structure calculations were done using the B3LYP, PBE0, $ω$B97XD and CAM-B3LYP functionals. The choice of the functional does not appear to be a major limiting factor for a black-box approach, when it comes to the prediction of radiative and nonradiative rates for organic molecules. The emission rates are fairly stable with respect to computational parameters, but the internal conversion rate reveals itself to be highly dependent on the choice of the spectral lineshape function, particularly the width of the Lorentzian function, associated with homogeneous broadening.
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF NOXIOUS WEEDS, OTHER WEEDS, AND TREE GROWTH, ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION IN THE NEW ENGLAND TABLELANDS, NEW SOUTH WALES
Creators: name: Townsend, J.
name: Sinden, Jack A.
name: Townsend, J.
name: Sinden, Jack A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Weeds
subject: trees
subject: income
subject: stocking

description: The economic impact of weeds on farms in the New England Region of New South Wales is estimated from data from a cross -sectional survey. Weeds can be classed as noxious or declared plants, plants that the farmers perceived as weeds, and trees -- which many farmers also perceived as weeds. Variables were defined for several levels of intensity of infestation for each of these three classes of weeds. The impact of each these variables, on property income and stocking, was estimated through Cobb-Douglas production functions. The presence of very-heavy infestations of non-noxious weeds, and heavy infestations of non-noxious weeds, were found to be associated with reductions in income. In total, the income of the representative property would be increased by 15 per cent, ceteris paribus, if these infestations were removed.
Mesoptychia mamatkulovii L. Soderstr. et Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Jungermanniaceae
Mesoptychia
Mesoptychia mamatkulovii

description: Mesoptychia mamatkulovii (Duda) L.Söderstr. et Váňa,
Phytotaxa 65: 54, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012e). BASIONYM: Lophozia mamatkulovii Duda, Trans. Brit. Bryol. Soc. 6 (1): 82, 1970 (see Duda 1970).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Enhanced Mass-to-Light Ratios in UCDs through Tidal Interaction with the Centre of the Host Galaxy
Creators: name: Fellhauer, M.
name: Kroupa, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent study of ultra-compact dwarf galaxies (UCDs) in the Virgo cluster revealed that some of them show faint envelopes and have measured mass-to-light ratios of 5 and larger, which can not be explained by simple population synthesis models. It is believed that this proves that some of the UCDs must possess a dark matter halo and may therefore be stripped nuclei of dwarf ellipticals rather than merged star cluster complexes. Using an efficient N-body method we investigate if a close passage of a UCD through the central region of the host galaxy is able to enhance the measured mass-to-light ratio by tidal forces leaving the satellite slightly out of virial equilibrium and thereby leading to an overestimation of its virial mass. We find this to be possible and discuss the general problem of measuring dynamical masses for objects that are probably interacting with their hosts.
description: accepted by MNRAS, 8 pages, 7 figures
Charge Tunneling Rates in Ultrasmall Junctions
Creators: name: Ingold, Gert-Ludwig
name: Nazarov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 1. Introduction 2. Description of the environment 3. Electron tunneling rates for single tunnel junctions 4. Examples of electromagnetic environments 5. Tunneling rates in Josephson junctions 6. Double junction and single electron transistor 7. Microscopic foundation
description: 87 pages, 28 figures, a review from 1992 which apparently is still of interest, special style file included to ensure the original page breaks
Weed Search and Control: Theory and Application
Creators: name: Cacho, Oscar J.
name: Spring, Daniel
name: Pheloung, Paul
name: Hester, Susan M.
name: Cacho, Oscar J.
name: Spring, Daniel
name: Pheloung, Paul
name: Hester, Susan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: search and control
subject: search theory
subject: weed control
subject: stage matrix
subject: impedance factors
subject: population dynamics
subject: stochastic model

description: The detectability of invasive organisms influences the costs and benefits of alternative control strategies, and the feasibility of eradicating an infestation. Search theory offers a mathematically rigorous framework for defining and measuring detectability, taking account of searcher ability, biological factors and the search environment. To demonstrate the application of search theory to invasive species control, invasive species detectability is incorporated into a population simulation model. The model is applied to a base set of parameter values that represent reasonable values for a hypothetical weed. The analysis shows the effects of detectability and search time on the duration of an eradication program. Furthermore, for a given level of detectability and search time, the analysis shows that the variables with the greatest influence on the duration of the eradication effort are search speed, kill efficiency and seed longevity. A series of Monte Carlo simulations are performed on a set of five scenarios, involving different combinations of plant longevity, seed longevity and plant fecundity. Results of these simulations are presented as probability distributions and allow us to calculate how the probability of eradication will be affected by search strategy.
The royal commission on espionage 1946-1948: a case study in the mobilization of the Canadian Civil Liberties Movement
Creators: name: Clement, Dominique Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There exists, at this time, surprisingly little historiography on how civil liberties were shaped and developed in practice throughout Canadian history. An examination of the 1946 Royal Commission on Espionage offers several insights into the nature of the immediate post-World War Two civil liberties movement. The commission was formed in response to the defection of a Russian cipher clerk, Igor Gouzenko, in late 1945. The commission investigated the existence of a Russian-led spy ring that had recruited several Canadian civil servants into disclosing secret information. The commission is unique in Canadian history; dominantly due to the fact that it was empowered under the War Measures Act which granted it enormous powers. Everything from a citizen's right to counsel, habeas corpus, protection from state coercion and the right to a fair trial were circumvented. This work attempts to offer a few answers to some important questions about Canadian civil liberties. What were to consequences of the commission's actions? Does Canadian society accept the need to allow a government to violate individual liberties to protect the integrity of the state? Furthermore, the following article will examine the nature of the civil liberties movement following WWII, including the role of the media and civil liberties' organizations in increasing awareness of the vulnerability of individual rights from state abuse. The purpose of this work is to demonstrate the enormous potential in which Parliament could act independently in re-defining Canadians' civil liberties while at the same time demonstrating the central role the Royal Commission on Espionage played in stimulating the post-WWII civil liberties movement. The Royal Commission on Espionage is only one black spot in the history of Canadian civil liberties but there remain many questions to be asked about Canadians' willingness to trust and accept that dictates of the state.
Multiple stellar population mass loss in massive Galactic globular clusters
Creators: name: Lacchin, Elena
name: Mastrobuono-Battisti, Alessandra
name: Calura, Francesco
name: Nipoti, Carlo
name: Milone, Antonino P.
name: Meneghetti, Massimo
name: Vanzella, Eros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The degree of mass loss, i.e. the fraction of stars lost by globular clusters, and specifically by their different populations, is still poorly understood. Many scenarios of the formation of multiple stellar populations, especially the ones involving self-enrichment, assume that the first generation (FG) was more massive at birth than now to reproduce the current mass of the second generation (SG). This assumption implies that, during their long-term evolution, clusters lose around $90\%$ of the FG. We have tested whether such strong mass loss could take place in a massive globular cluster orbiting the Milky Way at $4\ {\rm kpc}$ from the centre and composed of two generations. We perform a series of $N$-body simulations for ${12\ \rm Gyr}$ to probe the parameter space of internal cluster properties. We have derived that, for an extended FG and a low-mass second one, the cluster loses almost $98\%$ of its initial FG mass and the cluster mass can be as much as 20 times lower after a Hubble time. Furthermore, under these conditions, the derived fraction of SG stars, $f_{\rm enriched}$, falls in the range occupied by observed clusters of similar mass ($\sim 0.6-0.8$). In general, the parameters that affect the most the degree of mass loss are the presence or not of primordial segregation, the depth of the central potential, $W_{0,FG}$, the initial mass of the SG, $M^{ini}_{SG}$, and the initial half-mass radius of the SG, $r_{h,SG}$. Higher $M^{ini}_{SG}$ have not been found to imply higher final $f_{\rm enriched}$ due to the deeper cluster potential well which slows down mass loss.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Trampe, Frederik Christoffer
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1812

description: Trampe skriver om Iver Stendersen Rolfsjords kurvfabrikasjon. Rolfsjord bor på Oppdal
Neutrino masses, mixing and leptogenesis in a two Higgs doublet model for the third generation
Creators: name: Atwood, David
name: Bar-Shalom, Shaouly
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine neutrino oscillations in a two Higgs doublet model (2HDM) in which the second doublet couples only to the third generation right-handed up-fermions, i.e., to t_R and to N_3 which is the heaviest right-handed Majorana neutrino. The inherently large tan(beta) of this model can naturally account for the large top mass and, based on a quark-lepton similarity ansatz, when embedded into a seesaw mechanism it can also account for the observed neutrino masses and mixing angles giving a very small θ_{13}: -0.017 < θ_{13} < 0.021 at 99% CL, and a very restrictive prediction for the atmospheric mixing angle: 42.9^0 < θ_{atm} < 45.2^0 at 99% CL. The large value of tan(beta) also sets the mass scale of the heaviest right-handed Majorana neutrino N_3 and triggers successful leptogenesis through a CP-asymmetry in the decays of the N_1 (lightest right-handed Majorana) which is tan^2(beta) enhanced compared to the CP-asymmetry obtained in models for leptogenesis with one Higgs doublet or in the MSSM. This enhancement allows us to relax the lower bound on M_{N_1} and consequently also the lower bound on the reheating temperature of the early universe.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures. Important changes made in v2: 1) improved presentation of leptogenesis and 2) a more elaborate discussion on the assumed texture zeros in the neutrino Yukawa sector. Important changes made in v3: minor changes added to emphasize that in our model the CP-asymmetry in the decays of the lightest Majorana is enhanced by tan^2(beta)~O(100) compared to models with one Higgs doublet as well as with respect to the MSSM
The Distribution of Gains from Cattle Development in a Multi-Stage Production System: The Case of the Bali Beef Industry
Creators: name: Zhao, Xueyan
name: Ambarawati, I Gusti Agung Ayu
name: Piggott, Roley R.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Zhao, Xueyan
name: Ambarawati, I Gusti Agung Ayu
name: Piggott, Roley R.
name: Griffith, Garry R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: equilibrium displacement model
subject: research evaluation
subject: Bali
subject: cattle and beef industry
subject: economic analysis

description: Beef production in Bali is dominated by small-holders, like the majority of Indonesian agriculture. A number of different policies have been implemented to enhance development of this and other parts of the Bali beef industry. Knowledge about the returns from these options for the development of the cattle and beef industry, and their distribution among producers, consumers and others, would better inform policy decision making. This paper examines the benefits from cattle development in a multi stage production representation of the Bali beef industry using equilibrium displacement modelling (EDM). For a 1 per cent exogenous shift in the relevant market, improved productivity of Bali cattle production has the largest total benefits (Rp 3.02 billion, about A$ 0.6 million), over a time horizon of 2-3 years. Bali cattle producers receive a substantial share (35 to 71 per cent) of the total returns from any cost reduction or improved efficiency scenario.
Local versus global interactions in nonequilibrium transitions: A model of social dynamics
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Avella, J. C.
name: Eguiluz, V. M.
name: Cosenza, M. G.
name: Klemm, K.
name: Herrera, J. L.
name: Miguel, M. San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nonequilibrium system of locally interacting elements in a lattice with an absorbing order-disorder phase transition is studied under the effect of additional interacting fields. These fields are shown to produce interesting effects in the collective behavior of this system. Both for autonomous and external fields, disorder grows in the system when the probability of the elements to interact with the field is increased. There exists a threshold value of this probability beyond which the system is always disordered. The domain of parameters of the ordered regime is larger for nonuniform local fields than for spatially uniform fields. However, the zero field limit is discontinous. In the limit of vanishingly small probability of interaction with the field, autonomous or external fields are able to order a system that would fall in a disordered phase under local interactions of the elements alone. We consider different types of fields which are interpreted as forms of mass media acting on a social system in the context of Axelrod's model for cultural dissemination.
description: (7 pages, 8 figures, related material at http://www.imedea.uib.es/physdept)
Excited states in variational Monte Carlo using a penalty method
Creators: name: Pathak, Shivesh
name: Busemeyer, Brian
name: Rodrigues, João N. B.
name: Wagner, Lucas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The authors present a technique using variational Monte Carlo to solve for excited states of electronic systems. The technique is based on enforcing orthogonality to lower energy states, which results in a simple variational principle for the excited states. Energy optimization is then used to solve for the excited states. This technique is applied to the well-characterized benzene molecule, in which $\sim$10,000 parameters are optimized for the first 12 excited states. Agreement within approximately 0.2 eV is obtained with higher scaling coupled cluster methods; small disagreements with experiment are likely due to vibrational effects.
L'agricoltura sociale in Alto Adige: un esempio di innovazione sociale nelle aree montane italiane
Creators: name: Cristina, Dalla Torre
name: Gramm Verena
name: Ravazzoli Elisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Il territorio dell’Alto Adige è per il 90% montano. Oltre al turismo, l’agricoltura rappresenta circa il 4% del PIL provinciale, e la forma tipica di impresa agricola è il maso a conduzione familiare. Il 60% delle aziende agricole svolge attività agricole come fonte di reddito secondario; questo dimostra la bassa redditività dell’agricoltura della Provincia. Inoltre, essendo il territorio altoatesino montuoso e caratterizzato da valli scarsamente popolate, la pubblica amministrazione e il settore privato hanno difficoltà ad erogare servizi sociali nelle strutture classiche (es. asili nido, case di riposo per anziani, ecc.). In questo contesto, diventa rilevante parlare di innovazione sociale, poiché questo concetto riesce ad inquadrare soluzioni che consentono di affrontare i bisogni collettivi e migliorare il benessere della comunità, riconfigurando pratiche sociali come le reti, gli atteggiamenti, i processi di governance. Il concetto è spesso utilizzato in relazione con lo sviluppo delle aree rurali montane, in quanto l’innovazione sociale può promuovere la rivitalizzazione del tessuto sociale e affrontare le tendenze allo spopolamento e all’indebolimento dell’economia montana. Nel primo decennio del 2000, su iniziativa della rete delle donne contadine altoatesine e di altri attori, è stato avviato un modello istituzionalizzato di agricoltura sociale. Il presente contributo si pone l’obiettivo del contributo è di analizzare tale modello di agricoltura sociale in Alto Adige come esempio di innovazione sociale, attraverso lo studio di caso dell’iniziativa della cooperativa sociale “Imparare, crescere, vivere con le donne contadine”. Dai risultati dello studio è emerso che le attività legate all’agricoltura sociale hanno permesso la generazione di reddito aggiuntivo, diversificando le attività agricole, soprattutto per le donne contadine. Questo sviluppo è anche una risposta innovativa alla necessità della comunità di servizi sociali più flessibili, personalizzati e delocalizzati, vicini alla natura e ad uno stile di vita rurale. Rimangono tuttavia aperte le questioni degli impatti negativi dell’agricoltura sociale in termini di sovraccarico lavorativo delle donne e della capacità dell’iniziativa di far fronte alle future sfide socio-economiche poste dai trend demografici, economici e culturali in atto.
Millicharged Cosmic Rays and Low Recoil Detectors
Creators: name: Harnik, Roni
name: Plestid, Ryan
name: Pospelov, Maxim
name: Ramani, Harikrishnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the production of a "fast flux" of hypothetical millicharged particles (mCPs) in the interstellar medium (ISM). We consider two possible sources induced by cosmic rays: (a) $pp\rightarrow$(meson)$\rightarrow$(mCP) which adds to atmospheric production of mCPs, and (b) cosmic-ray up-scattering on a millicharged component of dark matter. We notice that the galactic magnetic fields retain mCPs for a long time, leading to an enhancement of the fast flux by many orders of magnitude. In both scenarios, we calculate the expected signal for direct dark matter detection aimed at electron recoil. We observe that in Scenario (a) neutrino detectors (ArgoNeuT and Super-Kamiokande) still provide superior sensitivity compared to dark matter detectors (XENON1T). However, in scenarios with a boosted dark matter component, the dark matter detectors perform better, given the enhancement of the upscattered flux at low velocities. Given the uncertainties, both in the flux generation model and in the actual atomic physics leading to electron recoil, it is still possible that the XENON1T-reported excess may come from a fast mCP flux, which will be decisively tested with future experiments.
description: 12 pages + 4 pages appendix, 12 figures| matches journal version
title: Erhöhung der Reichweite von batterieelektrischen Fahrzeugen durch ein modellbasiertes prädiktives Energiemanagement
Creators: name: Eckstein, Julian
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Modellbasierte Prädiktive Regelung
subject: Elektromobilität
subject: Energiemanagementsystem
subject: Fahrstrategie
subject: Klimatisierug
subject: 380
subject: 620
subject: Elektromobilität
subject: Batteriefahrzeug
subject: Energiemanagement
subject: Erhöhung
subject: Reichweite

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2020
Addressing Adverse Childhood Experiences in Granville and Vance Counties Through the Use of School-Based Interventions
Creators: name: Rivera, Hans Carlo
name: Bass, Sheree
name: Algammudi, Amani
name: Pagano, Kristen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2025

description:
Granville and Vance Counties in North Carolina face significant challenges related to food insecurity, economic stability, and the mental health of the youth within these communities. In Vance County, 17.8% of children experience food insecurity, exceeding the state average of 14.9%, while unemployment rates in Granville (5.6%) and Vance (7.5%) surpass the state average of 4.5% (NCIPH, 2023). Additionally, 25% of students report symptoms of anxiety and depression, which highlights the urgent need for early intervention (2021).


Limitations in policy and funding impact efforts to reduce Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), emphasizing the need for advocacy to enhance mental health support and improve resource allocation. Research indicates that students suspended between the grades 7-12 have an increased risk of incarceration by the age of 26 (Hemez et al., 2021). This emphasizes the importance of school-based interventions and data-driven policies. By fostering partnerships and implementing CQI, this initiative aims to enhance long-term health outcomes by disrupting cycles of trauma and strengthening resilience with the communities of Granville and Vance Counties.


The project implements a data-based coordinated strategy with community partnership, with policy advocacy and continuous quality improvement (CQI) to decrease ACEs effects while enhancing mental well-being. The initiative focuses on early intervention combined with specific support services and inclusive program design to construct resilience while decreasing disparities and enhancing long-term health results. The approach focuses on creating lasting systems changes and sustainable infrastructure to tackle structural inequities, which will produce better health outcomes for children and families in these rural counties.
DYNAP-SE2: a scalable multi-core dynamic neuromorphic asynchronous spiking neural network processor
Creators: name: Richter, Ole
name: Wu, Chenxi
name: Whatley, Adrian M.
name: Köstinger, German
name: Nielsen, Carsten
name: Qiao, Ning
name: Indiveri, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the remarkable progress that technology has made, the need for processing data near the sensors at the edge has increased dramatically. The electronic systems used in these applications must process data continuously, in real-time, and extract relevant information using the smallest possible energy budgets. A promising approach for implementing always-on processing of sensory signals that supports on-demand, sparse, and edge-computing is to take inspiration from biological nervous system. Following this approach, we present a brain-inspired platform for prototyping real-time event-based Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs). The system proposed supports the direct emulation of dynamic and realistic neural processing phenomena such as short-term plasticity, NMDA gating, AMPA diffusion, homeostasis, spike frequency adaptation, conductance-based dendritic compartments and spike transmission delays. The analog circuits that implement such primitives are paired with a low latency asynchronous digital circuits for routing and mapping events. This asynchronous infrastructure enables the definition of different network architectures, and provides direct event-based interfaces to convert and encode data from event-based and continuous-signal sensors. Here we describe the overall system architecture, we characterize the mixed signal analog-digital circuits that emulate neural dynamics, demonstrate their features with experimental measurements, and present a low- and high-level software ecosystem that can be used for configuring the system. The flexibility to emulate different biologically plausible neural networks, and the chip's ability to monitor both population and single neuron signals in real-time, allow to develop and validate complex models of neural processing for both basic research and edge-computing applications.
description: *Ole Richter and Chenxi Wu contributed equally
Domain-invariant Similarity Activation Map Contrastive Learning for Retrieval-based Long-term Visual Localization
Creators: name: Hu, Hanjiang
name: Wang, Hesheng
name: Liu, Zhe
name: Chen, Weidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual localization is a crucial component in the application of mobile robot and autonomous driving. Image retrieval is an efficient and effective technique in image-based localization methods. Due to the drastic variability of environmental conditions, e.g. illumination, seasonal and weather changes, retrieval-based visual localization is severely affected and becomes a challenging problem. In this work, a general architecture is first formulated probabilistically to extract domain invariant feature through multi-domain image translation. And then a novel gradient-weighted similarity activation mapping loss (Grad-SAM) is incorporated for finer localization with high accuracy. We also propose a new adaptive triplet loss to boost the contrastive learning of the embedding in a self-supervised manner. The final coarse-to-fine image retrieval pipeline is implemented as the sequential combination of models without and with Grad-SAM loss. Extensive experiments have been conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach on the CMUSeasons dataset. The strong generalization ability of our approach is verified on RobotCar dataset using models pre-trained on urban part of CMU-Seasons dataset. Our performance is on par with or even outperforms the state-of-the-art image-based localization baselines in medium or high precision, especially under the challenging environments with illumination variance, vegetation and night-time images. The code and pretrained models are available on https://github.com/HanjiangHu/DISAM.
description: Published in IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica