cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The High Time and Frequency Resolution Capabilities of the Murchison Widefield Array
Creators: name: Tremblay, S. E.
name: Ord, S. M.
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Tingay, S. J.
name: Crosse, B.
name: Pallot, D.
name: Oronsaye, S. I.
name: Bernardi, G.
name: Bowman, J. D.
name: Briggs, F.
name: Cappallo, R. J.
name: Corey, B. E.
name: Deshpande, A. A.
name: Emrich, D.
name: Goeke, R.
name: Greenhill, L. J.
name: Hazelton, B. J.
name: Johnston-Hollitt, M.
name: Kaplan, D. L.
name: Kasper, J. C.
name: Kratzenberg, E.
name: Lonsdale, C. J.
name: Lynch, M. J.
name: McWhirter, S. R.
name: Mitchell, D. A.
name: Morales, M. F.
name: Morgan, E.
name: Oberoi, D.
name: Prabu, T.
name: Rogers, A. E. E.
name: Roshi, A.
name: Shankar, N. Udaya
name: Srivani, K. S.
name: Subrahmanyan, R.
name: Waterson, M.
name: Wayth, R. B.
name: Webster, R. L.
name: Whitney, A. R.
name: Williams, A.
name: Williams, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The science cases for incorporating high time resolution capabilities into modern radio telescopes are as numerous as they are compelling. Science targets range from exotic sources such as pulsars, to our Sun, to recently detected possible extragalactic bursts of radio emission, the so-called fast radio bursts (FRBs). Originally conceived purely as an imaging telescope, the initial design of the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) did not include the ability to access high time and frequency resolution voltage data. However, the flexibility of the MWA's software correlator allowed an off-the-shelf solution for adding this capability. This paper describes the system that records the 100 micro-second and 10 kHz resolution voltage data from the MWA. Example science applications, where this capability is critical, are presented, as well as accompanying commissioning results from this mode to demonstrate verification.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in PASA
Consistency tests of field level inference with the EFT likelihood
Creators: name: Kostić, Andrija
name: Nguyen, Nhat-Minh
name: Schmidt, Fabian
name: Reinecke, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analyzing the clustering of galaxies at the field level in principle promises access to all the cosmological information available. Given this incentive, in this paper we investigate the performance of field-based forward modeling approach to galaxy clustering using the effective field theory (EFT) framework of large-scale structure (LSS). We do so by applying this formalism to a set of consistency and convergence tests on synthetic datasets. We explore the high-dimensional joint posterior of LSS initial conditions by combining Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling for the field of initial conditions, and slice sampling for cosmology and model parameters. We adopt the Lagrangian perturbation theory forward model from [1], up to second order, for the forward model of biased tracers. We specifically include model mis-specifications in our synthetic datasets within the EFT framework. We achieve this by generating synthetic data at a higher cutoff scale $Λ_0$, which controls which Fourier modes enter the EFT likelihood evaluation, than the cutoff $Λ$ used in the inference. In the presence of model mis-specifications, we find that the EFT framework still allows for robust, unbiased joint inference of a) cosmological parameters - specifically, the scaling amplitude of the initial conditions - b) the initial conditions themselves, and c) the bias and noise parameters. In addition, we show that in the purely linear case, where the posterior is analytically tractable, our samplers fully explore the posterior surface. We also demonstrate convergence in the cases of nonlinear forward models. Our findings serve as a confirmation of the EFT field-based forward model framework developed in [2-7], and as another step towards field-level cosmological analyses of real galaxy surveys.
description: 31 + 13 pages, 15 figures; Added 3 new figures, text cleanup and fix typos; matching the version to be published in JCAP
„Graue Zeiten – bunte Seiten“
Creators: name: Fernengel, Birgit
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2024

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (2023): AKMB-news
A succinct characterization of period annuli in planar piecewise linear differential systems with a straight line of nonsmoothness
Creators: name: Carmona, Victoriano
name: Fernández-Sánchez, Fernando
name: Novaes, Douglas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A36, 34C25, 37C27

description: We close the problem of the existence of period annuli in planar piecewise linear differential systems with a straight line of nonsmoothness. In fact, a characterization for the existence of such objects is provided by means of a few basic operations on the parameters.
EvryFlare. II. Rotation Periods of the Cool Flare Stars in TESS across Half the Southern Sky
Creators: name: Del Ser, D.
name: Fors, O.
name: Howard, W.S.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Glazier, A.
name: Haislip, J.
name: Galliher, N.
name: Corbett, H.
name: Ratzloff, J.K.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2020

description: We measure rotation periods and sinusoidal amplitudes in Evryscope light curves for 122 two-minute K5-M4 TESS targets selected for strong flaring. The Evryscope array of telescopes has observed all bright nearby stars in the south, producing 2-minute cadence light curves since 2016. Long-term, high-cadence observations of rotating flare stars probe the complex relationship between stellar rotation, starspots, and superflares. We detect periods from 0.3487 to 104 days and observe amplitudes from 0.008 to 0.216 g′ mag. We find that the Evryscope amplitudes are larger than those in TESS with the effect correlated to stellar mass (p-value = 0.01). We compute the Rossby number (R o ) and find that our sample selected for flaring has twice as many intermediate rotators (0.04 < R o < 0.4) as fast (R o < 0.04) or slow (R o > 0.44) rotators; this may be astrophysical or a result of period detection sensitivity. We discover 30 fast, 59 intermediate, and 33 slow rotators. We measure a median starspot coverage of 13% of the stellar hemisphere and constrain the minimum magnetic field strength consistent with our flare energies and spot coverage to be 500 G, with later-type stars exhibiting lower values than earlier-type stars. We observe a possible change in superflare rates at intermediate periods. However, we do not conclusively confirm the increased activity of intermediate rotators seen in previous studies. We split all rotators at R o ∼ 0.2 into bins of P Rot < 10 days and P Rot > 10 days to confirm that short-period rotators exhibit higher superflare rates, larger flare energies, and higher starspot coverage than do long-period rotators, at p-values of 3.2 × 10-5, 1.0 × 10-5, and 0.01, respectively.
Uncertainty in Ontology Matching: A Decision Rule-Based Approach
Creators: name: Essaid, Amira
name: Martin, Arnaud
name: Smits, Grégory
name: Yaghlane, Boutheina Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Considering the high heterogeneity of the ontologies pub-lished on the web, ontology matching is a crucial issue whose aim is to establish links between an entity of a source ontology and one or several entities from a target ontology. Perfectible similarity measures, consid-ered as sources of information, are combined to establish these links. The theory of belief functions is a powerful mathematical tool for combining such uncertain information. In this paper, we introduce a decision pro-cess based on a distance measure to identify the best possible matching entities for a given source entity.
A Monolithic Graphene-Functionalized Microlaser for Multispecies Gas Detection
Creators: name: Guo, Yanhong
name: Li, Zhaoyu
name: An, Ning
name: Guo, Yongzheng
name: Wang, Yuchen
name: Yuan, Yusen
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Tan, Teng
name: Wu, Caihao
name: Peng, Bo
name: Soavi, Giancarlo
name: Rao, Yunjiang
name: Yao, Baicheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical microcavity enhanced light-matter interaction offers a powerful tool to develop fast and precise sensing techniques, spurring applications in the detection of biochemical targets ranging from cells, nanoparticles, and large molecules. However, the intrinsic inertness of such pristine microresonators limits their spread in new fields such as gas detection. Here, a functionalized microlaser sensor is realized by depositing graphene in an erbium-doped over-modal microsphere. By using a 980 nm pump, multiple laser lines excited in different mode families of the microresonator are co-generated in a single device. The interference between these splitting mode lasers produce beat notes in the electrical domain (0.2-1.1 MHz) with sub-kHz accuracy, thanks to the graphene-induced intracavity backward scattering. This allows for multispecies gas identification from a mixture, and ultrasensitive gas detection down to individual molecule.
Model-based assessment of sampling protocols for infectious disease genomic surveillance
Creators: name: Contreras, Sebastian
name: Oróstica, Karen Y.
name: Daza-Sanchez, Anamaria
name: Wagner, Joel
name: Dönges, Philipp
name: Medina-Ortiz, David
name: Jara, Matias
name: Verdugo, Ricardo
name: Conca, Carlos
name: Priesemann, Viola
name: Olivera-Nappa, Álvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Genomic surveillance of infectious diseases allows monitoring circulating and emerging variants and quantifying their epidemic potential. However, due to the high costs associated with genomic sequencing, only a limited number of samples can be analysed. Thus, it is critical to understand how sampling impacts the information generated. Here, we combine a compartmental model for the spread of COVID-19 (distinguishing several SARS-CoV-2 variants) with different sampling strategies to assess their impact on genomic surveillance. In particular, we compare adaptive sampling, i.e., dynamically reallocating resources between screening at points of entry and inside communities, and constant sampling, i.e., assigning fixed resources to the two locations. We show that adaptive sampling uncovers new variants up to five weeks earlier than constant sampling, significantly reducing detection delays and estimation errors. This advantage is most prominent at low sequencing rates. Although increasing the sequencing rate has a similar effect, the marginal benefits of doing so may not always justify the associated costs. Consequently, it is convenient for countries with comparatively few resources to operate at lower sequencing rates, thereby profiting the most from adaptive sampling. Finally, our methodology can be readily adapted to study undersampling in other dynamical systems.
Needs, trends, and advances in scintillators for radiographic imaging and tomography
Creators: name: Wang, Zhehui
name: Dujardin, Christophe
name: Freeman, Matthew S.
name: Gehring, Amanda E.
name: Hunter, James F.
name: Lecoq, Paul
name: Liu, Wei
name: Melcher, Charles L.
name: Morris, C. L.
name: Nikl, Martin
name: Pilania, Ghanshyam
name: Pokharel, Reeju
name: Robertson, Daniel G.
name: Rutstrom, Daniel J.
name: Sjue, Sky K.
name: Tremsin, Anton S.
name: Watson, S. A.
name: Wiggins, Brenden W.
name: Winch, Nicola M.
name: Zhuravleva, Mariya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scintillators are important materials for radiographic imaging and tomography (RadIT), when ionizing radiations are used to reveal internal structures of materials. Since its invention by Röntgen, RadIT now come in many modalities such as absorption-based X-ray radiography, phase contrast X-ray imaging, coherent X-ray diffractive imaging, high-energy X- and $γ-$ray radiography at above 1 MeV, X-ray computed tomography (CT), proton imaging and tomography (IT), neutron IT, positron emission tomography (PET), high-energy electron radiography, muon tomography, etc. Spatial, temporal resolution, sensitivity, and radiation hardness, among others, are common metrics for RadIT performance, which are enabled by, in addition to scintillators, advances in high-luminosity accelerators and high-power lasers, photodetectors especially CMOS pixelated sensor arrays, and lately data science. Medical imaging, nondestructive testing, nuclear safety and safeguards are traditional RadIT applications. Examples of growing or emerging applications include space, additive manufacturing, machine vision, and virtual reality or `metaverse'. Scintillator metrics such as light yield and decay time are correlated to RadIT metrics. More than 160 kinds of scintillators and applications are presented during the SCINT22 conference. New trends include inorganic and organic scintillator heterostructures, liquid phase synthesis of perovskites and $μ$m-thick films, use of multiphysics models and data science to guide scintillator development, structural innovations such as photonic crystals, nanoscintillators enhanced by the Purcell effect, novel scintillator fibers, and multilayer configurations. Opportunities exist through optimization of RadIT with reduced radiation dose, data-driven measurements, photon/particle counting and tracking methods supplementing time-integrated measurements, and multimodal RadIT.
description: 45 pages, 43 Figures, SCINT22 conference overview
Molecular and clinical analysis of genes involved in gastric cancer
Creators: name: Alhashimi, Redha Alwan
name: Mirzaei, Alireza
name: Alsaedy, Hasan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
Plant cell and molecular biology
Animal cell and molecular biology
Genetics not elsewhere classified
Gene expression (incl. microarray and other genome-wide approaches)
Agronomy

description: Gastric cancer is the abnormal growth of stomach cells. The symptoms of this disease include difficulty in swallowing, heartburn, stomach pain, indigestion, nausea, vomiting, and blood in the stool. Gastric cancer is a multifactorial and genetic disease, and many genes and factors are involved in it. DCC and CDH1 are the genes silenced by hypermethylation in gastric cancer and play an influential role in suppressing gastric cancer tumors. The aim of this study was bioinformatics analysis at the genome and proteome level and evaluation and comparison of the expression of DCC and CDH1 genes in different human body tissues. The results of this study showed that the CDH1 gene is more expressed in the thyroid gland and Parathyroid gland and the DCC gene is more expressed in the testis, hippocampal formation, basal ganglia, midbrain, cerebral cortex, and hypothalamus. The expression analysis of these genes showed that both genes generally are more active in glands and have little expression in other body organs. Cellular analysis of DCC and CDH1 genes by antibodies that bind to the proteins of the target genes showed that both genes are active in the Golgi apparatus, with the difference that the DCC gene is more present in the nucleus and the CDH1 gene is more present in the plasma membrane. The expression level of the CDH1 gene is relatively higher than that of the DCC gene. Also, phenotypic studies of the DCC gene showed that this gene is related to colorectal cancer, and it was found that the CDH1 gene is effective in Blepharocheilodontic syndrome 1. Finally, considering the role of CDH1 and DCC genes as tumor suppressor genes, these items can be used for targeted treatments in gastric cancer.
Additional file 70 of Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development
Creators: name: Medina-Jiménez, Brenda I.
name: Budd, Graham E.
name: Janssen, Ralf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 70.
Estimation of Treatment Effects in Matched-Pair Cluster Randomized Trials by Calibrating Covariate Imbalance between Clusters
Creators: name: Wu, Zhenke
name: Frangakis, Constantine E.
name: Louis, Thomas A.
name: Scharfstein, Daniel O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address estimation of intervention effects in experimental designs in which (a) interventions are assigned at the cluster level; (b) clusters are selected to form pairs, matched on observed characteristics; and (c) intervention is assigned to one cluster at random within each pair. One goal of policy interest is to estimate the average outcome if all clusters in all pairs are assigned control versus if all clusters in all pairs are assigned to intervention. In such designs, inference that ignores individual level covariates can be imprecise because cluster-level assignment can leave substantial imbalance in the covariate distribution between experimental arms within each pair. However, most existing methods that adjust for covariates have estimands that are not of policy interest. We propose a methodology that explicitly balances the observed covariates among clusters in a pair, and retains the original estimand of interest. We demonstrate our approach through the evaluation of the Guided Care program.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Zur Zugänglichkeit von Werken und Resultaten der Künstlerischen Forschung
Creators: name: Lurk, Tabea
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2024

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (2023): AKMB-news
Vygotsky’s, Leontiev’s and Engeström’s cultural-historical (activity) theories: Overview, clarifications and implications
Creators: name: Cong-Lem, Ngo
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Educational psychology
Cultural theory
Social change
Other education not elsewhere classified
Philosophy not elsewhere classified

description: At the social turn in education, Vygotsky’s cultural-historical/sociocultural theory (VST) has become particularly influential. There are other cultural-historical traditions associated with VST, including Leontiev’s and Engeström’s versions of cultural-historical activity theory (CHAT). These approaches are frequently conflated, resulting in confusion that can be consequential in interpreting educational research findings. Unravelling these frameworks is thus an important and urgent task. In addressing this gap, the paper first provides an overview of the origins and fundamental tenets of these cultural-historical perspectives, followed by a critical evaluation of and comparison among them. Implications for utilising these cultural-historical traditions are discussed.
The cumulant generating function as a novel observable to cumulate weak lensing information
Creators: name: Boyle, Aoife
name: Barthelemy, Alexandre
name: Codis, Sandrine
name: Uhlemann, Cora
name: Friedrich, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Key non-Gaussian properties of cosmological fields can be captured by their one-point statistics, providing a complement to two-point statistical measurements from power spectra or correlation functions. Large deviation theory can robustly predict the one-point statistics of cosmological density fields on mildly non-linear scales from first principles. It provides a direct prediction for the cumulant generating function (CGF) of such fields, from which a prediction for the more commonly used probability density function (PDF) is extracted through an inverse Laplace transform. For joint one-point statistics of multiple fields, the inverse Laplace transform rapidly becomes more cumbersome and computationally expensive. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time that the weak lensing CGF itself can be used as an observable that captures an equal amount of cosmological information to the PDF. While we use the weak-lensing convergence field as a simplistic and instructive example, this work is intended as a first step towards a cosmological analysis based on large deviation theory in the context of a nulling framework, which excludes contributions from small scales to facilitate highly accurate theoretical predictions. In this context, the method should be generally applicable for a multi-scale tomographic analysis of weak lensing and galaxy clustering.
description: Accepted by the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Hot Subdwarf All Southern Sky Fast Transit Survey with the Evryscope
Creators: name: Németh, P.
name: Barlow, B.N.
name: Corbett, H.T.
name: Galliher, N.W.
name: Howard, W.S.
name: Ratzloff, J.K.
name: Glazier, A.
name: Walser, S.
name: Law, N.M.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020

description: We have conducted a survey of candidate hot subdwarf (HSD) stars in the southern sky searching for fast transits, eclipses, and sinusoidal-like variability in the Evryscope light curves. The survey aims to detect transit signals from Neptune-size planets to gas giants, and eclipses from M-dwarfs and brown dwarfs. The other variability signals are primarily expected to be from compact binaries and reflection effect binaries. Due to the small size of HSDs (R ≈ 0.2 R o˙), transit and eclipse signals are expected to last only ≈20 minutes, but with large signal depths (up to completely eclipsing if the orientation is edge on). With its 2 minute cadence and continuous observation, the Evryscope is well placed to recover these fast transits and eclipses. The very large field of view (8150 deg2) is critical to obtain enough HSD targets, despite their rarity. We identified ≈11,000 potential HSDs from the 9.3 M Evryscope light curves for sources brighter than m g = 15. With our machine-learning spectral classifier, we flagged high confidence targets and estimate the total HSDs in the survey to be ≈1400. The light-curve search detected three planet transit candidates, shown to have stellar companions from follow-up analysis. We discovered several new compact binaries (including two with unseen degenerate companions), two eclipsing binaries with M-dwarf companions, as well as new reflection effect binaries and others with sinusoidal-like variability. Four of the discoveries are being published in separate follow-up papers, and we discuss the follow-up potential of the other discoveries.
Collisional trap losses of cold, magnetically-trapped Br atoms
Creators: name: Lam, J.
name: Rennick, C. J.
name: Softley, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-threshold photodissociation of Br$_2$ from a supersonic beam produces slow bromine atoms that are trapped in the magnetic field minimum formed between two opposing permanent magnets. Here, we quantify the dominant trap loss rate due to collisions with two sources of residual gas: the background limited by the vacuum chamber base pressure, and the carrier gas during the supersonic gas pulse. The loss rate due to collisions with residual Ar in the background follows pseudo first-order kinetics, and the bimolecular rate coefficient for collisional loss from the trap is determined by measurement of this rate as a function of the background Ar pressure. This rate coefficient is smaller than the total elastic collision rate coefficient, as it only samples those collisions that lead to trap loss, and is determined to be $\langleνσ\rangle = (1.12\pm0.09)\times10^{-9}\,\text{cm}^3\, \text{s}^{-1}$. The calculated differential cross section can be used with this value to estimate a trap depth of $293\pm24\,\text{mK}$. Carrier gas collisions occur only during the tail of the supersonic beam pulse. Using the differential cross section verified by the background-gas collision measurements provides an estimate of the peak molecular beam density of $(3.0\pm0.3)\times10^{13}\,\text{cm}^{-3}$ in good agreement with the prediction of a simple supersonic expansion model. Finally, we estimate the trap loss rate due to Majorana transitions to be negligible, owing to the relatively large trapped-atom phase-space volume.
Symbiotic and antagonistic disease dynamics on networks using bond percolatio
Creators: name: Mann, Peter
name: Smith, V. Anne
name: Mitchell, John
name: Dobson, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we introduce a novel description of the equilibrium state of a bond percolation process on random graphs using the exact method of generating functions. This allows us to find the expected size of the giant connected component (GCC) of two sequential bond percolation processes in which the bond occupancy probability of the second process is modulated (increased or decreased) by a node being inside or outside of the GCC created by the first process. In the context of epidemic spreading this amounts to both a antagonistic partial immunity or a synergistic partial coinfection interaction between the two sequential diseases. We examine configuration model networks with tunable clustering. We find that the emergent evolutionary behaviour of the second strain is highly dependent on the details of the coupling between the strains. Contact clustering generally reduces the outbreak size of the second strain relative to unclustered topologies; however, positive assortativity induced by clustered contacts inverts this conclusion for highly transmissible disease dynamics.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 75 of Single-cell RNA sequencing of mid-to-late stage spider embryos: new insights into spider development
Creators: name: Medina-Jiménez, Brenda I.
name: Budd, Graham E.
name: Janssen, Ralf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 75.
title: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 30 Nr. 1 (2024): AKMB-news
title: AKMB-news
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: AKMB-News: Informationen Zu Kunst, Museum Und Bibliothek
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2024

description: (vorerst nur Inhaltsverzeichnis)
description: Inhalt
INFLUENCE OF INFLAMMATORY MARKER INTERLEUKIN-4 ON ATHEROGENIC INDICES IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS
Creators: name: Pooja Sharma
name: Dhivya S
name: Manoj Kumar Nandkeoliar
name: Thuraya Abdullsalam AA Al-Azazi
name: Jasmeen Gupta
name: Bhaskar Charana Kabi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Interleukin-4, Atherogenic İndices, Cardiovascular Diseases.

description: Abstract
Background: Interleukin-4 (IL-4), an inflammatory marker, is associated with the development of atherosclerosis which is a chronic inflammatory condition that progresses into cardiovascular disease (CVD). It poses a higher risk of earlier onset at a younger age, elevated fatality rates, and more premature deaths. The prevalence of CVD among Indians is high (27%), with risk factors including altered lipid profiles, genetic inheritance, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle. The ratios of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC/HDLC) and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDLC), also known as the atherogenic or Castelli index, are better indicators of CVD risk than individual parameters. Correlating IL-4 with atherogenic indices may help identify underlying causes and serve as a marker of onset of metabolic diseases at younger age. Aim: To investigate the correlation between IL-4 and atherogenic indices (TC/HDLC; LDLC/HDLC) in young adults, Material and Methods: A sample size of 100 individuals was tested for IL-4 using an ELISA. The atherogenic indices, including TC, HDLC, and LDLC, were measured using a semi-automated analyzer through spectrophotometry (Vitros 5600). Results: Interleukin-4 is positively correlating with atherogenic indices. Conclusion: This study found significant variations in serum IL-4 levels among genders and obese/non-obese individuals, with higher levels observed in obese subjects. Positive associations were identified between serum IL-4 and the atherogenic index TC/HDLC, as well as between TC/HDLC and LDLC/HDLC.
Avoidance of singularity during the gravitational collapse with string T-duality effects
Creators: name: Jusufi, Kimet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the gravitational collapse of matter (dust) under the effect of zero-point length $l_0$. During the gravitational collapse, we have neglected the backreaction effect of the pre-Hawking radiation (in the sense that it is small effect and cannot prevent the formation of apparent horizon), then we recast the internal metric of a collapsing star as a closed FRW universe for any spherically symmetric case and, finally, we obtain the minimal value for the scale factor meaning that the particles never hit the singularity. We argue that the object emerging at the end of the gravitational collapse can be interpreted as Planck stars (black hole core) hidden inside the event horizon of the black hole with radius proportional to $(GMl_0^{2}/c^2)^{1/3}$. Quite interestingly, we found the same result for radius of the Planck star using a free falling observer point of view. In addition, we pointed out a correspondence between the modified Friedmann's equations in loop quantum gravity and the modified Friedmann's equation in string T-duality. In the end, we discuss two possibilities regarding the final stage of the black hole. The first possibility is that we end up with a Planck-size black hole remnants. The second possibility is that the inner core can be unstable and, due to the quantum tunnelling effect, the spacetime can undergo a black hole-to-white hole transition (a bouncing Planck star).
description: 9 pages, no figures. Published in Universe https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1997/9/1/41
ROBO-AO Kepler Asteroseismic Survey. II. Do Stellar Companions Inhibit Stellar Oscillations?
Creators: name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Riddle, R.
name: Duev, D.A.
name: Baranec, C.
name: Salama, M.
name: Lamman, C.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Jensen-Clem, R.
name: Huber, D.
name: Schonhut-Stasik, J.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020

description: The Kepler Space Telescope observed over 15,000 stars for asteroseismic studies. Of these, 75% of dwarfs (and 8% of giants) were found to show anomalous behavior, such as suppressed oscillations (low amplitude) or no oscillations at all. The lack of solar-like oscillations may be a consequence of multiplicity, due to physical interactions with spectroscopic companions or due to the dilution of oscillation amplitudes from "wide" (AO detected; visual) or spectroscopic companions introducing contaminating flux. We present a search for stellar companions to 327 of the Kepler asteroseismic sample, which were expected to display solar-like oscillations. We used direct imaging with Robo-AO, which can resolve secondary sources at 0.15, and followed up detected companions with Keck AO. Directly imaged companion systems with both separations of ≤0.5 and amplitude dilutions >10% all have anomalous primaries, suggesting these oscillation signals are diluted by a sufficient amount of excess flux. We also used the high-resolution spectrometer ESPaDOnS at the Canada-France-Hawai'i Telescope to search for spectroscopic binaries. We find tentative evidence for a higher fraction of spectroscopic binaries with high radial velocity scatter in anomalous systems, which would be consistent with previous results suggesting that oscillations are suppressed by tidal interactions in close eclipsing binaries.
Themenräume und „Library – Gamebox – Hub“: Kuratieren in den Bibliotheken des Goethe-Instituts weltweit
Creators: name: Kastner, Stefanie
name: Wesendorf, Kerstin
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2024

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (2023): AKMB-news
Analog – Digital – Hybrid: künstlerische Interventionen zum Thema Bibliothek
Creators: name: Negusse, Mearg
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2024

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (2023): AKMB-news
On predictability of rare events leveraging social media: a machine learning perspective
Creators: name: Le, Lei
name: Ferrara, Emilio
name: Flammini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Information extracted from social media streams has been leveraged to forecast the outcome of a large number of real-world events, from political elections to stock market fluctuations. An increasing amount of studies demonstrates how the analysis of social media conversations provides cheap access to the wisdom of the crowd. However, extents and contexts in which such forecasting power can be effectively leveraged are still unverified at least in a systematic way. It is also unclear how social-media-based predictions compare to those based on alternative information sources. To address these issues, here we develop a machine learning framework that leverages social media streams to automatically identify and predict the outcomes of soccer matches. We focus in particular on matches in which at least one of the possible outcomes is deemed as highly unlikely by professional bookmakers. We argue that sport events offer a systematic approach for testing the predictive power of social media, and allow to compare such power against the rigorous baselines set by external sources. Despite such strict baselines, our framework yields above 8% marginal profit when used to inform simple betting strategies. The system is based on real-time sentiment analysis and exploits data collected immediately before the games, allowing for informed bets. We discuss the rationale behind our approach, describe the learning framework, its prediction performance and the return it provides as compared to a set of betting strategies. To test our framework we use both historical Twitter data from the 2014 FIFA World Cup games, and real-time Twitter data collected by monitoring the conversations about all soccer matches of four major European tournaments (FA Premier League, Serie A, La Liga, and Bundesliga), and the 2014 UEFA Champions League, during the period between Oct. 25th 2014 and Nov. 26th 2014.
description: 10 pages, 10 tables, 8 figures
A Friedlander-Suslin theorem over a noetherian base ring
Creators: name: van der Kallen, Wilberd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G10, 16T05

description: Let $k$ be a noetherian commutative ring and let $G$ be a finite flat group scheme over $k$. Let $G$ act rationally on a finitely generated commutative $k$-algebra $A$. We show that the cohomology algebra $H^*(G,A)$ is a finitely generated $k$-algebra. This unifies some earlier results.
description: final version
Hopf comonads on naturally Frobenius map-monoidales
Creators: name: Böhm, Gabriella
name: Lack, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study monoidal comonads on a naturally Frobenius map-monoidale $M$ in a monoidal bicategory $\mathcal M$. We regard them as bimonoids in the duoidal hom-category $\mathcal M(M,M)$, and generalize to that setting various conditions distinguishing classical Hopf algebras among bialgebras; in particular, we define a notion of antipode in that context. Assuming the existence of certain conservative functors and the splitting of idempotent 2-cells in $\mathcal M$, we show all these Hopf-like conditions to be equivalent. Our results imply in particular several equivalent characterizations of Hopf algebras in braided monoidal categories, of small groupoids, of Hopf algebroids over commutative base algebras, of weak Hopf algebras, and of Hopf monads in the sense of Bruguières and Virelizier.
description: 37 pages, a number of commutative diagrams
Systematic Preparation Of The Techno-Economic Evaluation Of Soft Stimulation - Risk And Time/Readiness Maps Of All Relevant Key Factors
Creators: name: ENB
name: ESG
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: production
non technical

description: The report at hand is part of the framing process within decision analysis. Decision analysis can be seen as a systematic approach, which is applied for the techno-economic evaluation of soft stimulation. Therefore the concept of decision analysis and its connection with risks and uncertainty is introduced in detail. Beside a general overview on the decision analysis approach and an explanation of the single steps, relevant terms are discussed. This forms an important basis for further techno-economic investigations within DESTRESS. The Framing process defines the temporal but also the areal frame of the investigation. Additionally technical and economical parameters are identified and evaluated. On the one hand they need to have an important impact on the later evaluation, but on the other hand they also need to be integrateable with reasonable effort. The focus of the following investigations is kept on the identification and semi quantitative evaluation of these parameters. To get a comprehensive access to the topic two different approaches were used. While the dependency-structure-analysis is derived from strategic corporate planning, the risk analysis approach comes from cooperate risk management. As a starting point for the dependency-structure-analysis expert knowledge was used within a simple mind map approach to identify parameters influencing the techno-economic evaluation of soft stimulation. These parameters were evaluated and later prioritized to form a sound basis for the later development of a techno-economic-model. In contrast to the dependency-structure-analysis, risk analysis has a clear focus on risk factors. Therefore the concept of risk is introduced and differentiated from uncertainty. Based on that, the methodological concept of risk assessment and risk prioritization is presented to show the results of a conducted risk assessment. The report is completed by economic investigations of soft stimulation. Based on real projects, economic data for soft stimulation has been collected so that key figures can be derived for the further techno-economic investigation of soft stimulation, when the economic input will be evaluated against the technical output of soft stimulation.
description: H2020
An ultrahot Neptune in the Neptune desert
Creators: name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Ricker, G.
name: Villaseñor, J.N.
name: Gill, S.
name: Collins, K.A.
name: Espinoza, N.
name: Kurtovic, N.T.
name: Cooke, B.F.
name: Walker, S.R.
name: Raynard, L.
name: Queloz, D.
name: Jackman, J.A.G.
name: Turner, O.
name: Gänsicke, B.T.
name: Burke, C.J.
name: Beichman, C.A.
name: Mallia, F.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Wheatley, P.J.
name: King, G.W.
name: Smith, A.M.S.
name: Eigmüller, P.
name: Casewell, S.L.
name: Vezie, M.
name: Gillen, E.
name: Moyano, M.
name: Collins, K.I.
name: Vines, J.I.
name: Rauer, H.
name: Rojas, P.A.P.
name: Narita, N.
name: Louden, T.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Watson, C.A.
name: Ciardi, D.R.
name: Ercolino, A.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: Acton, J.S.
name: de Leon, J.P.
name: Erikson, A.
name: Chaushev, A.
name: Christiansen, J.L.
name: Bryant, E.M.
name: Lissauer, J.J.
name: Günther, M.N.
name: McCauliff, S.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Petrovich, C.
name: Torres, P.
name: Nishiumi, T.
name: Brahm, R.
name: McCormac, J.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: West, R.G.
name: Tilbrook, R.H.
name: Armstrong, D.J.
name: Seager, S.
name: Quinn, S.N.
name: Tamura, M.
name: Jenkins, J.S.
name: Udry, S.
name: Nielsen, L.D.
name: Burleigh, M.R.
name: Henze, C.E.
name: Belardi, C.
name: Goad, M.R.
name: Mori, M.
name: Soto, M.G.
name: Cortés-Zuleta, P.
name: Díaz, M.R.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Law, N.
name: Foxell, E.
name: Palle, E.
name: Bayliss, D.
name: Titz-Weider, R.
name: Bieryla, A.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Isopi, G.
name: Lopez, E.D.
name: Klaus, T.C.
name: Cabrera, J.
name: Jordán, A.
name: Hooton, M.J.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2020

description: About 1 out of 200 Sun-like stars has a planet with an orbital period shorter than one day: an ultrashort-period planet1,2. All of the previously known ultrashort-period planets are either hot Jupiters, with sizes above 10 Earth radii (R⊕), or apparently rocky planets smaller than 2 R⊕. Such lack of planets of intermediate size (the ‘hot Neptune desert’) has been interpreted as the inability of low-mass planets to retain any hydrogen/helium (H/He) envelope in the face of strong stellar irradiation. Here we report the discovery of an ultrashort-period planet with a radius of 4.6 R⊕ and a mass of 29 M⊕, firmly in the hot Neptune desert. Data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite3 revealed transits of the bright Sun-like star LTT 9779 every 0.79 days. The planet’s mean density is similar to that of Neptune, and according to thermal evolution models, it has a H/He-rich envelope constituting 9.0−2.9+2.7% of the total mass. With an equilibrium temperature around 2,000 K, it is unclear how this ‘ultrahot Neptune’ managed to retain such an envelope. Follow-up observations of the planet’s atmosphere to better understand its origin and physical nature will be facilitated by the star’s brightness (Vmag = 9.8).
Pilocarpine for the treatment of dry mouth in older people: a scoping review
Creators: name: Kroese, Johanna
name: van der Maarel-Wierink, C.D.
name: Nugteren, V.J.J.
name: van Gelderen-Ziesemer, K.A.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Dry mouth
subject: Elderly
subject: Hyposalivation
subject: Older people
subject: Pilocarpine
subject: Xerostomia

description: This is the registration of a protocol for a scoping review on the effect of pilocarpine for the treatment of dry mouth in older people.
Classicality with(out) decoherence: Concepts, relation to Markovianity, and a random matrix theory approach
Creators: name: Strasberg, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Answers to the question how a classical world emerges from underlying quantum physics are revisited, connected and extended as follows. First, three distinct concepts are compared: decoherence in open quantum systems, consistent/decoherent histories and Kolmogorov consistency. Second, the crucial role of quantum Markovianity (defined rigorously) to connect these concepts is established. Third, using a random matrix theory model, quantum effects are shown to be exponentially suppressed in the measurement statistics of slow and coarse observables despite the presence of large amount of coherences. This is also numerically exemplified, and it highlights the potential and importance of non-integrability and chaos for the emergence of classicality.
description: Final version
The $3$-colorable subgroup of Thompson's group and tricolorability of links
Creators: name: Kodama, Yuya
name: Takano, Akihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10

description: Starting from the work by Jones on representations of Thompson's group $F$, subgroups of $F$ with interesting properties have been defined and studied. One of these subgroups is called the $3$-colorable subgroup $\mathcal{F}$, which consists of elements whose ``regions'' given by their tree diagrams are $3$-colorable. On the other hand, in his work on representations, Jones also gave a method to construct knots and links from elements of $F$. Therefore it is a natural question to explore a relationship between elements in $\mathcal{F}$ and $3$-colorable links in the sense of knot theory. In this paper, we show that all elements in $\mathcal{F}$ give 3-colorable links.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Reassessing the problem of time of quantum gravity
Creators: name: Frauca, Alvaro Mozota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper I raise a worry about the most extended resolutions of the problem of time of canonical quantizations of general relativity. The reason for this is that these resolutions are based on analogies with deparametrizable models for which the problem can be solved, while I argue in this paper that there are good reasons for doubting about these resolutions when the theory is not deparametrizable, which is the case of general relativity. I introduce an example of a non-deparametrizable model, a double harmonic oscillator system expressed by its Jacobi action, and argue that the problem of time for this model is not solvable, in the sense that its canonical quantization doesn't lead to the quantum theory of two harmonic oscillators and the standard resolutions of the problem of time don't work for this case. I argue that as general relativity is strongly analogous to this model, one should take seriously the view that the canonical quantization of general relativity doesn't lead to a meaningful quantum theory. Finally, I comment that this has an impact on the foundations of different approaches to quantum gravity.
description: To be published in General Relativity and Gravitation