cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Assessing the relationship between corticospinal excitability and mechanical force generation to both arms during arm cycling: are asymmetries present?
Creators: name: Brandon, Heather
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: Investigations regarding asymmetries in cortical motor control during static and locomotor movements has been conducted. From this research, interhemispheric asymmetries related to movement have been identified, where excitability of the dominant cerebral hemisphere is generally greater compared to the non-dominant. During locomotor outputs like cycling, bilateral asymmetries in measures such as crank torque, power, and/or work have been identified. However, the majority of studies examining human neural control during locomotor outputs is typically available only regarding the dominant limb. Currently, it is unknown how corticospinal excitability and mechanical force generation is modulated during a locomotor output, and whether asymmetries are present. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine corticospinal and spinal excitability with vector force generation to the dominant and non-dominant biceps and triceps brachii during arm cycling to determine whether bilateral asymmetries were present.
The Long-Term Effects of Youth Unemployment
Creators: name: Mroz, Thomas
name: Savage, Timothy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Using National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data on young men, we estimate the long-term effects of youth unemployment on later labor market outcomes. A spell of involuntary unemployment can lead to sub-optimal investments in human capital among young people in the short run. A theoretical model of dynamic human capital investment predicts a rational “catch-up” response to such a spell. Using semiparametric techniques to control for the endogeneity of prior behaviors, our estimates provide strong evidence of this response. We also find evidence of persistence in unemployment. Despite the catch-up response, however, we find the negative effect of prior unemployment on earnings to be large, to be persistent and to taper off slowly over time. The theoretical model predicts each of these three effects. Combining our semiparametric estimates with a dynamic approximation to the lifecycle, we find that unemployment experienced as long ago as ten years continues to affect earnings adversely.
Exact bounds of the M{ö}bius inverse of monotone set functions
Creators: name: Grabisch, Michel
name: Miranda, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We give the exact upper and lower bounds of the M{ö}bius inverse of monotone and normalized set functions (a.k.a. normalized capacities) on a finite set of n elements. We find that the absolute value of the bounds tend to 4 n/2 $\sqrt$ $π$n/2 when n is large. We establish also the exact bounds of the interaction transform and Banzhaf interaction transform, as well as the exact bounds of the M{ö}bius inverse for the subfamilies of k-additive normalized capacities and p-symmetric normalized capacities.
(102274) Dorothy Louisa Rogers
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Pay (Be)for(e) Performance: The Signing Bonus as an Incentive Device
Creators: name: Van Wesep, Edward D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This paper investigates the use of a signing bonus as a tool for firms to signal their quality to prospective employees. It is the first to provide a theoretical basis for the signing bonus, one of the most common elements of compensation packages for white collar employees. It also shows that low performance incentives can serve a complementary purpose, implying that within a job/industry pair we should expect higher quality firms to employ higher signing bonuses and lower performance pay. This runs contrary to previous literature relating firm quality to incentive intensity and calls into question the use by empiricists of low performance pay as an indicator of poor corporate governance. The paper makes a number of empirically testable predictions and provides precise guidance on how modelling techniques will affect parameter estimates. In particular, the inclusion of job/industry fixed effects in regressions of signing bonus size or incentive intensity on relevant exogenous variables will reverse the signs of parameter estimates.
The association between breast cancer and consumption of dairy products: a systematic review
Creators: name: Arafat, Heba Mohammed
name: Omar, Julia
name: Shafii, Noorazliyana
name: Naser, Ihab Ali
name: Al Laham, Nahed Ali
name: Muhamad, Rosediani
name: Al-Astani, Tengku Ahmad Damitri
name: Shaqaliah, Ashraf Jaber
name: Shamallakh, Ohood Mohammed
name: Shamallakh, Kholoud Mohammed
name: Abusalah, Mai Abdel Haleem
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Among the world, the most frequently discovered and fatal cancer in women is breast cancer (BC). From the perspective of public health, estimating the BC risk linked to dairy intake may aid in comprehensive management. In epidemiological research data on the association between eating dairy foods and the risk of BC are conflicting. Therefore, we sought to assess the link between dairy food consumption and the development of BC. To summarize and quantify the most recent findings on consuming milk or other dairy foods and the development of BC, we performed a systematic literature review. We checked through several databases for relevant publications published in English up to January 2022. Of the 82 articles identified, only 18 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Nine Prospective, seven Retrospective and two Cross-Sectional studies were finally identified. Overall, dairy consumption was inversely associated with the risk of developing breast cancer. Future studies will help elucidate the role of dairy products in human health, and their use within a balanced diet should be considered.KEY MESSAGESThe effect of different types of dairy products, and possible dose-response relationships on BC risk remains unknown.Estimating BC risk associated with dairy consumption may help to take the decision-making of physicians and public health policy in developing preventive strategies to reduce its occurrence.This systematic review was conducted to assess dairy consumption and BC risk.Overall, inverse associations were found when looking at dairy consumption and BC risk. The effect of different types of dairy products, and possible dose-response relationships on BC risk remains unknown. Estimating BC risk associated with dairy consumption may help to take the decision-making of physicians and public health policy in developing preventive strategies to reduce its occurrence. This systematic review was conducted to assess dairy consumption and BC risk. Overall, inverse associations were found when looking at dairy consumption and BC risk.
Infrared and X-Ray Evidence of an AGN in the NGC 3256 Southern Nucleus
Creators: name: Ohyama, Youichi
name: Terashima, Yuichi
name: Sakamoto, Kazushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate signs of Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) in the luminous infrared galaxy NGC 3256 at both infrared and X-ray wavelengths. NGC 3256 has double, the Northern and Southern, nuclei (hereafter, N and S nuclei, respectively). We show that the Spitzer IRAC colors extracted at the S nucleus are AGN-like, and the Spitzer IRS spectrum is bluer at <6um than at the N nucleus. We built for the S nucleus an AGN-starburst composite model with a heavily absorbed AGN to successfully reproduce not only the IRAC and IRS specrophotometries at ~3arcsec but also the very deep silicate 9.7um absorption observed at 0.36" scale by Diaz-Santos et al. We found a 2.2um compact source at the S nucleus in a HST NICMOS image and identified its unresolved core (at 0.26" resolution) with the compact core in previous mid-infrared observations at comparable resolution. The flux of the 2.2umm core is consistent with our AGN spectral energy distribution model. We also analyzed a deeper than ever Chandra X-ray spectrum of the unresolved (at 0.5" resolution) source at the S nucleus. We found that a dual-component power-law model (for primary and scattered ones) fits an apparently very hard spectrum with a moderately large absorption on the primary component. Together with a limit on equivalent width of a fluorescent Fe-K emission line at 6.4 keV, the X-ray spectrum is consistent with a typical Compton-thin Seyfert 2. We therefore suggest that the S nucleus hosts a heavily absorbed low-luminosity AGN.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Optical Diagnostics of Flows
Creators: name: Rosencher, Emmanuel
name: Jacquin, Laurent
name: Le Sant, Y.
name: Aupoix, B.
name: Barricau, P.
name: Mérienne, M-C.
name: Pailhas, G.
name: Reulet, P.
name: Touvet, Y.
name: Brossard, C.
name: Monnier, J.-C.
name: Vandernoot, F.-X.
name: Champagnat, F.
name: Le Besnerais, G.
name: Plyer, A.
name: Fezzani, R.
name: Leclaire, B.
name: Bodoc, V.
name: Laurent, C.
name: Biscos, Y.
name: Lavergne, G.
name: Cézard, N.
name: Besson, C.
name: Dolfi-Bouteyre, A.
name: Lombard, L.
name: Augere, B.
name: Valla, M.
name: Goular, D.
name: Fleury, D.
name: Canat, G.
name: Planchat, C.
name: Gaudo, T.
name: Gilliot, A.
name: Cariou, J.-P.
name: Petilon, O.
name: Lawson-Daku, J.
name: Brousmiche, S.
name: Lugan, S.
name: Bricteux, L.
name: Macq, B.
name: Mohamed, A.K.
name: Bonnet, J.
name: Larigaldie, S.
name: Pot, T.
name: Soutadé, J.
name: Diop, B.
name: Desse, J.M.
name: Deron, R.
name: Dupoirieux, F.
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2009

description: Flow dynamics research is involved in all branches of science and technology:
civil and chemical engineering, the automotive industry, energy, etc. Flow dynamics
are even more central to aeronautics technology because they provide air lift to
planes (non-reacting flow dynamics) as well as the moving impetus through combustion
(reacting flow dynamics). The great challenges of flow dynamics require the validation
of physical models with relevant lengths ranges spanning a dozen of orders of magnitude,
from a few Angstroms, at which atoms and molecules collide and bond (particularly in
combustion), to a meter range (the size of a combustion chamber or a wing). Thanks to
their non-invasive character, their spectrocopic and imaging possibilities, optical
diagnostics are unsurpassed for addressing this enormous challenge.
description: Journal Aerospace Lab, Issue 1, December 2009; ISSN: 2107-6596
Effects of non-radial magnetic field on measuring magnetic helicity transport across solar photosphere
Creators: name: Song, Yongliang
name: Zhang, Mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is generally believed that the evolution of magnetic helicity has a close relationship with solar activity. Before the launch of SDO, earlier studies have mostly used MDI/SOHO line of sight magnetograms and assumed that magnetic fields are radial when calculating magnetic helicity injection rate from photospheric magnetograms. However, this assumption is not necessarily true. Here we use the vector magnetograms and line of sight magnetograms, both taken by HMI/SDO, to estimate the effects of non-radial magnetic field on measuring magnetic helicity injection rate. We find that: 1) The effect of non-radial magnetic field on estimating tangential velocity is relatively small; 2) On estimating magnetic helicity injection rate, the effect of non-radial magnetic field is strong when active regions are observed near the limb and is relatively small when active regions are close to disk center; 3) The effect of non-radial magnetic field becomes minor if the amount of accumulated magnetic helicity is the only concern.
description: 30 pages, including 13 figures; accepted for publication in the ApJ
(102276) John Martin Rowlands
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Sound-Triggered Collapse of Stably Oscillating Low-Mass Cores in a Two-Phase Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Zhang, Ui-Han
name: Schive, Hsi-Yu
name: Chiueh, Tzihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by Barnard 68, a Bok globule, that undergoes stable oscillations, we perform multi-phase hydrodynamic simulations to analyze the stability of Bok globules. We show that a high-density soft molecular core, with an adiabatic index $γ$ = 0.7 embedded in a warm isothermal diffuse gas, must have a small density gradient to retain the stability. Despite being stable, the molecular core can still collapse spontaneously as it will relax to develop a sufficiently large density gradient after tens of oscillations, or a few $10^7$ years. However, during its relaxation, the core may abruptly collapse triggered by the impingement of small-amplitude, long-wavelength ($\sim$ 6 $-$ 36 pc) sound waves in the warm gas. This triggered collapse mechanism is similar to a sonoluminescence phenomenon, where underwater ultrasounds can drive air bubble coalescence. The collapse configuration is found to be different from both inside-out and outside-in models of low-mass star formation; nonetheless the mass flux is close to the prediction of the inside-out model. The condition and the efficiency for this core collapse mechanism are identified. Generally speaking, a broad-band resonance condition must be met, where the core oscillation frequency and the wave frequency should match each other within a factor of several. A consequence of our findings predicts the possibility of propagating low-mass star formation, for which collapse of cores, within a mass range short of one order of magnitude, takes place sequentially tracing the wave front across a region of few tens of pc over $10^7$ years.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Write Me and I'll Tell You Secrets -- Write-After-Write Effects On Intel CPUs
Creators: name: Thoma, Jan Philipp
name: Güneysu, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is a long history of side channels in the memory hierarchy of modern CPUs. Especially the cache side channel is widely used in the context of transient execution attacks and covert channels. Therefore, many secure cache architectures have been proposed. Most of these architectures aim to make the construction of eviction sets infeasible by randomizing the address-to-cache mapping. In this paper, we investigate the peculiarities of write instructions in recent CPUs. We identify Write+Write, a new side channel on Intel CPUs that leaks whether two addresses contend for the same cache set. We show how Write+Write can be used for rapid construction of eviction sets on current cache architectures. Moreover, we replicate the Write+Write effect in gem5 and demonstrate on the example of ScatterCache how it can be exploited to efficiently attack state-of-the-art cache randomization schemes. In addition to the Write+Write side channel, we show how Write-After-Write effects can be leveraged to efficiently synchronize covert channel communication across CPU cores. This yields the potential for much more stealthy covert channel communication than before.
description: Accepted at the 25th International Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions and Defenses (RAID 2022)
The Spitzer Archival Far-InfraRed Extragalactic Survey
Creators: name: Hanish, D.
name: Capak, P.
name: Teplitz, H.
name: Desai, V.
name: Armus, L.
name: Brinkworth, C.
name: Brooke, T.
name: Colbert, J.
name: Edwards, L.
name: Fadda, D.
name: Frayer, D.
name: Huynh, M.
name: Lacy, M.
name: Murphy, E.
name: Noriega-Crespo, A.
name: Paladini, R.
name: Scarlata, C.
name: Shenoy, S.
name: Team, the SAFIRES
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Spitzer Archival Far-InfraRed Extragalactic Survey (SAFIRES). This program produces refined mosaics and source lists for all far-infrared extragalactic data taken during the more than six years of the cryogenic operation of the Spitzer Space Telescope. The SAFIRES products consist of far-infrared data in two wavelength bands (70 um and 160 um) across approximately 180 square degrees of sky, with source lists containing far-infrared fluxes for almost 40,000 extragalactic point sources. Thus, SAFIRES provides a large, robust archival far-infrared data set suitable for many scientific goals.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, published in ApJS
(102278) James Denton Thompson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Material Similarity Expectations of Digitally Rendered Place Representations
Creators: name: Robbins, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: Human-computer interaction
Augmented reality
Built environment
Space
Digital images
Cultural property

description: The literary theory of aesthetic illusion applied to an augmented reality user experience proposes that presence is enhanced when digitally rendered content corresponds to the physical context of information delivery. This material consistency benefit presents a challenge for vernacular architecture whose modern environment may have little resemblance to the visual historical record of place. This empirical study applies a mixed-method analysis to understand Durham, NC resident assessments of place via an online survey distributed on Reddit.

Forty-four residents responded to the survey, each assessing five image pairs. Logistic regression models resulted in conflicting findings depending on which image similarity metric was utilized (Chi-Square Color Histogram or SIFT). Qualitative result code frequency confirmed the material similarity of architectural structure as the primary strategy respondents utilized. Respondent comments provide support that image features and scenes have varying information authority. Information competition between site redevelopment and archival content presents an interesting future extension.
Spectroscopy of $^{28}$Na: shell evolution toward the drip line
Creators: name: Lepailleur, A.
name: Wimmer, K.
name: Mutschler, A.
name: Sorlin, O.
name: Bader, V.
name: Bancroft, C.
name: Barofsky, D.
name: Bastin, B.
name: Baugher, T.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Bildstein, V.
name: Borcea, C.
name: Borcea, R.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Caceres, L.
name: Gade, A.
name: Gaudefroy, L.
name: Grévy, S.
name: Grinyer, G. F.
name: Iwasaki, H.
name: Khan, E.
name: Kröll, T.
name: Langer, C.
name: Lemasson, A.
name: Llidoo, O.
name: Lloyd, J.
name: Negoita, F.
name: Santos, F. de Oliveira
name: Perdikakis, G.
name: Recchia, F.
name: Redpath, T.
name: Roger, T.
name: Rotaru, F.
name: Saenz, S.
name: Saint-Laurent, M. -G.
name: Smalley, D.
name: Sohler, D.
name: Stanoiu, M.
name: Stroberg, S. R.
name: Thomas, J. C.
name: Vandebrouck, M.
name: Weisshaar, D.
name: Westerberg, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excited states in $^{28}$Na have been studied using the $β$-decay of implanted $^{28}$Ne ions at GANIL/LISE as well as the in-beam $γ$-ray spectroscopy at the NSCL/S800 facility. New states of positive (J$^π$=3,4$^+$) and negative (J$^π$=1-5$^-$) parity are proposed. The former arise from the coupling between 0d$\_{5/2}$ protons and a 0d$\_{3/2}$ neutron, while the latter are due to couplings with 1p$\_{3/2}$ or 0f$\_{7/2}$ neutrons. While the relative energies between the J$^π$=1-4$^+$ states are well reproduced with the USDA interaction in the N=17 isotones, a progressive shift in the ground state binding energy (by about 500 keV) is observed between $^{26}$F and $^{30}$Al. This points to a possible change in the proton-neutron 0d$\_{5/2}$-0d$\_{3/2}$ effective interaction when moving from stability to the drip line. The presence of J$^π$=1-4$^-$ negative parity states around 1.5 MeV as well as of a candidate for a J$^π$=5$^-$ state around 2.5 MeV give further support to the collapse of the N=20 gap and to the inversion between the 0f$\_{7/2}$ and 1p$\_{3/2}$ levels below Z=12. These features are discussed in the framework of Shell Model and EDF calculations, leading to predicted negative parity states in the low energy spectra of the $^{26}$F and $^{25}$O nuclei.
description: Exp\'erience GANIL/LISE et NSCL/S800
Extending the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium Model of Invasive Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Tice, Jeffrey A.
name: Gard, Charlotte C.
name: Kerlikowske, Karla
name: Bissell, Michael C.S.
name: Miglioretti, Diana L.
name: Sprague, Brian L.
name: Henderson, Louise M.
Publisher: name: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Year: 2023

description:
PURPOSE: We extended the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (BCSC) version 2 (v2) model of invasive breast cancer risk to include BMI, extended family history of breast cancer, and age at first live birth (version 3 [v3]) to better inform appropriate breast cancer prevention therapies and risk-based screening. METHODS: We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate the age- and race- and ethnicity-specific relative hazards for family history of breast cancer, breast density, history of benign breast biopsy, BMI, and age at first live birth for invasive breast cancer in the BCSC cohort. We evaluated calibration using the ratio of expected-to-observed (E/O) invasive breast cancers in the cohort and discrimination using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). RESULTS: We analyzed data from 1,455,493 women age 35-79 years without a history of breast cancer. During a mean follow-up of 7.3 years, 30,266 women were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. The BCSC v3 model had an E/O of 1.03 (95% CI, 1.01 to 1.04) and an AUROC of 0.646 for 5-year risk. Compared with the v2 model, discrimination of the v3 model improved most in Asian, White, and Black women. Among women with a BMI of 30.0-34.9 kg/m2, the true-positive rate in women with an estimated 5-year risk of 3% or higher increased from 10.0% (v2) to 19.8% (v3) and the improvement was greater among women with a BMI of ≥35 kg/m2 (7.6%-19.8%). CONCLUSION: The BCSC v3 model updates an already well-calibrated and validated breast cancer risk assessment tool to include additional important risk factors. The inclusion of BMI was associated with the largest improvement in estimated risk for individual women.
(102275) William Aylmer Rowlands
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Propositions for Race-Based Research in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Creators: name: Bogenschutz, Matthew
name: Johnson, Khalilah Robinson
name: Peak, Kierra
Publisher: name: American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Year: 2021

description: A nuanced understanding of disparities impacting racialized people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) requires scholars employ research methods that make visible the structural factors that influence outcomes. Following the work of Tukufu Zuberi and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, we explore race-based methodological considerations for disparities research with Black people with IDD. Specifically, we discuss (a) structural racism in research methods, employing disability critical race theory as a framework, (b) the absence of Black voices and Black scholarship, (c) the abstraction and misuse of race as a variable, and (d) mapping race as a point of discussion in the IDD discourse. Implications for research are discussed and recommendations for contextualizing race, ensuring equity in representation and dissemination, and amplifying the voices of Black scholars are provided.
(102277) Muriel Stanford Thompson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Evidence for a disordered critical point in a glass-forming liquid
Creators: name: Berthier, Ludovic
name: Jack, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using computer simulations of an atomistic glass-forming liquid, we investigate the fluctuations of the overlap between a fluid configuration and a quenched reference system. We find that large fluctuations of the overlap develop as temperature decreases, consistent with the existence of the random critical point that is predicted by effective field theories. We discuss the scaling of fluctuations near the presumed critical point, comparing the observed behaviour with that of the random-field Ising model. We argue that this critical point directly reveals the existence of an interfacial tension between amorphous metastable states, a quantity relevant both for equilibrium relaxation and for nonequilibrium melting of stable glass configurations.
description: 4 figs, 5 pages
COVID-19 and liver disease: mechanistic and clinical perspectives
Creators: name: Marjot, T.
name: Moon, A.M.
name: Stamataki, Z.
name: Wong, V.W.
name: Webb, G.J.
name: Barnes, E.
name: Barritt, A.S., IV
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: Our understanding of the hepatic consequences of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and its resultant coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has evolved rapidly since the onset of the pandemic. In this Review, we discuss the hepatotropism of SARS-CoV-2, including the differential expression of viral receptors on liver cell types, and we describe the liver histology features present in patients with COVID-19. We also provide an overview of the pattern and relevance of abnormal liver biochemistry during COVID-19 and present the possible underlying direct and indirect mechanisms for liver injury. Furthermore, large international cohorts have been able to characterize the disease course of COVID-19 in patients with pre-existing chronic liver disease. Patients with cirrhosis have particularly high rates of hepatic decompensation and death following SARS-CoV-2 infection and we outline hypotheses to explain these findings, including the possible role of cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction. This finding contrasts with outcome data in pharmacologically immunosuppressed patients after liver transplantation who seem to have comparatively better outcomes from COVID-19 than those with advanced liver disease. Finally, we discuss the approach to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with cirrhosis and after liver transplantation and predict how changes in social behaviours and clinical care pathways during the pandemic might lead to increased liver disease incidence and severity. © 2021, Springer Nature Limited.
Multi-kink braneworld configurations in the scalar-tensor representation of $f(R,T)$ gravity
Creators: name: Bazeia, D.
name: Lobão, A. S.
name: Rosa, João Luís
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the $f(R,T)$ brane in the scalar-tensor representation, where the solutions of the equations of motions for the source field engender topological defects with two-kink profiles. We use the first-order formalism to obtain analytical solutions for the source field of the brane and analyze how these solutions modify the structure of the auxiliary fields arising from the scalar-tensor representation of the theory. We found that when the model engenders two-kink solutions, the auxiliary fields are modified in order to allow for the appearance of an internal structure. In addition, the stability potential and zero mode also have their internal structure modified by two-kink solution.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Quantum Computation with Rotational States of Nonpolar Ionic Molecules
Creators: name: Yun, Sang Jae
name: Nam, Chang Hee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum computer architecture which is robust against decoherence and scalable. As a qubit, we adopt rotational states of a nonpolar ionic molecule trapped in an ion-trap. It is revealed that the rotational-state qubits are much more immune to decoherence than the conventional electronic-state qubits of atomic ions. A complete method set for state preparation, single-qubit gate, controlled-NOT gate, and qubit-readout suitable for the rotational-state qubits is provided. Since the ionic molecules can be transported in an array of ion traps, the rotational-state qubits are expected to be a promising candidate to build a large-scale quantum computer.
2021 SURF: Investigating the Structural and Functional Diversity of Azoreductases Across the Human Intestinal Microbiome
Creators: name: Jyoti, Aunindya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Azo-linked compounds are ubiquitous across foods, textiles, paints, and cosmetics, as well as prodrugs that treat Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Azoreductases (AzoRs) are a family of enzymes produced by bacteria residing in the human gastrointestinal tract that reductively cleave these azo linkages, however rates of activity differ dramatically depending on the species of origin. Through metagenomic analyses, our lab has identified over 100 putative azoreductases across the human gut microbiome. Here, we compare two novel azoreductases from Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpAzoR) and Clostridium marseille (CmAzoR) to the well-characterized Escherichia coli azoreductase A (EcAzoRA). We determined the catalytic efficiencies of these enzymes in metabolizing four sterically diverse azo dyes: methyl red, amaranth red, acid orange 7, and brilliant black. Then, we used in silico modeling to compare the structures of these enzymes in the context of their observed activities. We show disparate catalytic efficiencies across our panel of azoreductases and identify key active site differences that may account for the observed differences in activity. In future studies, we aim to characterize more azoreductases and their activities with prodrug substrates to pinpoint the azoreductases integral to the treatment of IBD. Exploring these structural and functional differences can help us better understand how azoreductases differentially activate prodrugs and may enable the manipulation of these differences for targeted therapeutics.
Comparison of Ku Klux Klan Collections at Four American Universities
Creators: name: Johnson, Olin Harper
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ku Klux Klan (1915- )
Finding aids (library resources)
Libraries--Special collections
Cataloging of archival materials

description: This paper examines holdings of Ku Klux Klan materials in archival collections from several universities in the United States, paying particular attention to catalog records and finding aid content. In doing so, this study aims to provide insight into the similarities and differences in discoverability and access, cataloging choices, and other factors between institutions. These findings offer both a representation of the current state of these collections and provide insight into how controversial materials or topics have been cataloged and described by different American universities.
title: Optical Diagnostics of Flows: an Introduction
Creators: name: Rosencher, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS

description: Since its founding in 1946 as the major actor in aerospace research in France,
Onera has identified the strategic role of optical diagnostics of flows in aerospace
development and has achieved recognized expertise in this field. In this first issue of
Aerospace Lab, we will describe some recent or on-going developments in the field of
optical diagnostics of flows at Onera.
description: Journal Aerospace Lab, Issue 1, December 2009; ISSN: 2107-6596
Why graphene growth is very different on the C face than on the Si face of SiC: Insights from surface equilibria and the (3$\times$3)-3C-SiC($\bar{\text{1}}\bar{\text{1}}\bar{\text{1}}$) reconstruction
Creators: name: Nemec, Lydia
name: Lazarevic, Florian
name: Rinke, Patrick
name: Scheffler, Matthias
name: Blum, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the stability of the surface phases that occur on the C-side of 3C-SiC($\bar{1} \bar{1} \bar{1}$) at the onset of graphene formation. In this growth range, experimental reports reveal a coexistence of several surface phases. This coexistence can be explained by a Si-rich model for the unknown (3$\times$3) reconstruction, the known (2$\times$2)$_{C}$ adatom phase, and the graphene covered (2$\times$2)$_{C}$ phase. By constructing an $ab$ $initio$ surface phase diagram using a van der Waals corrected density functional, we show that the formation of a well defined interface structure like the "buffer-layer" on the Si side is blocked by Si-rich surface reconstructions.
Investigation of Crystal Structure of SrLa(FeTi)O6 and BaLa(FeTi)O6 Perovskites by Rietveld Refinement
Creators: name: Shankar, Uma
name: Agarwal, Puneet Kumar
name: Pandey, Rishikesh
name: Singh, Akhilesh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structures of the recently reported ordered perovskites SrLa(FeTi)O6 and BaLa(FeTi)O6 have been revisited using Rietveld analysis of the powder x-ray diffraction data. Our studies clearly show that earlier authors have incorrectly reported the tetragonal structure in the I4/m space group for SrLa(FeTi)O6 and the cubic structure in the Fm3m space group for BaLa(FeTi)O6. The correct structure is found to be orthorhombic in the Pnma space group for SrLa(FeTi)O6 while cubic in the Pm3m space group for BaLa(FeTi)O6. Thus the BaLa(FeTi)O6 is not an ordered double perovskite as the occupancies of Ba/La ions at A-site and Fe/Ti ions at B-site are disordered resulting in the primitive cubic unit cell in the Pm3m space group. Similarly, the occupancies of Sr/La ions at A-site and Fe/Ti ions at B-site are disordered in SrLa(FeTi)O6 also, ruling out the ordered perovskite structure.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
title: Scales in Turbulent Motions
Creators: name: Jacquin, Laurent
Publisher: name: ONERA
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: FLUID MECHANICS
subject: TURBULENCE
subject: FREE FLOWS
subject: BOUNDARY LAYERS
subject: AERODYNAMICS
subject: MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
subject: LDV
subject: PIV
subject: HOT WIRE ANEMOMETRY

description: This paper reviews some of the classical dimensional principles used in fluid
mechanics to predict the characteristic scales of turbulent flows. The reasoning
makes largely reference to the celebrated Kolmogorov theory we first briefly recall.
Data obtained in two wind tunnel experiments are then used to exemplify the concepts
and to provide typical values of the different length and time scales involved in wind
tunnel experiments. Measurement techniques and their role in the scientific research
in fluid mechanics are then succinctly commented.
description: Journal Aerospace Lab, Issue 1, December 2009; ISSN: 2107-6596
Presentation: Legal Protection Of Patients Who Are Harmed By Their Right To Health Care Policy
Creators: name: Soesi Idayanti
name: Sulistiyono, Adi
name: Pujiyono
name: Widodo Treno Novianto
name: Tonang Dwi Adyanto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This material presented in VCOSPILED 2020
The Cost Effectiveness of a Quality Improvement Program to Reduce New Neonatal And Fetal Mortality in a Regional Referral Hospital in Accra, Ghana
Creators: name: Adapa, Karthik
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Abstract 
Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a quality improvement intervention (QI) aimed at reducing neonatal and fetal mortality in Accra, Ghana.
Design: Quasi-experimental, time-sequence intervention, retrospective cost-effectiveness analysis
Methods: An integrated quality improvement model (developed jointly by Kybele and Regional Ridge Hospital (RRH) and piloted at RRH, a tertiary referral center in Accra, Ghana) was used from 2012 to 2016. The number of neonatal deaths and stillbirths prevented were estimated using the steady-state assumption of RRH’s neonatal mortality rates (NMR) and stillbirth rates, and also with Ghana’s neonatal mortality rate (NMR) as counterfactual. The costs were assessed in 2016 Ghanaian cedi (GH ¢). The cost-effectiveness of the intervention was calculated as cost per disability-adjusted life years (DALY) averted. This was further subjected to probabilistic and one-way sensitivity analyses to test the assumptions inherent in the calculations.
Main outcome measures: Cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC), which provides a measure of decision uncertainty surrounding the choice, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), which represents the cost per disability-adjusted life-year averted by the intervention compared to status quo.
Results: The intervention employed quality improvement approaches over a four-and-a-half-year period with a focus on the selection of clinical champions, training in leadership, and clinical care strengthening across various clinical areas resulting in numerous process improvements. From 2012 to 2016, a total of 5734 neonates were admitted at Ridge Regional Hospital and were affected by the quality improvement intervention. The total budget for the program was GH ¢ 1,640,623. Based on conservative program estimates 182 (±99) neonatal deaths and 85 (±77) stillbirths were prevented amounting to 8418 (± 4046) DALYs averted. The probability that the QI intervention is cost-effective is 0.90 at a willingness to pay threshold (WTP) of GH ¢ 500. The results were found to be sensitive to the following parameters: DALYs averted, number of neonatal deaths, and number of stillbirths.
Conclusion An integrated approach to system strengthening in referral hospitals has the potential to reduce neonatal and fetal mortality in low-resource settings and is likely to be cost-effective. Sustained change can be achieved by building organizational capacity broadly and deeply across leadership and by developing clinical skills.
Multi-Base Representations of Integers: Asymptotic Enumeration and Central Limit Theorems
Creators: name: Krenn, Daniel
name: Ralaivaosaona, Dimbinaina
name: Wagner, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A63, 05A16, 05A17, 68R05, 94A60

description: In a multi-base representation of an integer (in contrast to, for example, the binary or decimal representation) the base (or radix) is replaced by products of powers of single bases. The resulting numeral system has desirable properties for fast arithmetic. It is usually redundant, which means that each integer can have multiple different digit expansions, so the natural question for the number of representations arises. In this paper, we provide a general asymptotic formula for the number of such multi-base representations of a positive integer $n$. Moreover, we prove central limit theorems for the sum of digits, the Hamming weight (number of non-zero digits, which is a measure of efficiency) and the occurrences of a fixed digits in a random representation.
Magnon contribution to the magnetoresistance of iron nanowires deposited using pulsed electrodeposition
Creators: name: Sergelius, Philip
name: Moreno, Josep M Montero
name: Waleczek, Martin
name: Böhnert, Tim
name: Görlitz, Detlef
name: Nielsch, Kornelius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iron nanowires with a square cross section are grown by pulsed electrodeposition within a newly developed nanochannel template that allows for easy characterization. Measurements of the magnetoresistance as a function of magnetic field and temperature are performed within a large parameter window allowing for the investigation of the magnonic contribution to the magnetoresistance of electrodeposited iron nanowires. Values for the temperature dependent magnon stiffness D(T) are extracted.
description: This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: P. Sergelius, J. M. Montero Moreno, M. Waleczek, T. B\"ohnert, D. G\"orlitz, K. Nielsch, Phys. Status Solidi RRL, 2015, DOI: 10.1002/pssr.201510057 which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pssr.201510057/abstract
#COVID-19 Misinformation: Saudi Arabia as a Use Case
Creators: name: Alasmari, Ashwag
name: Addawood, Aseel
name: Nouh, Mariam
name: Feldman, Philip
name: Al-Wabil, Areej
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Misinformation
Governmental Laws
Saudi Arabia

description:
 In this research, we aim to gain deep insights into information behavior when discussing epidemics on Twitter. We are more specifically interested in identifying misinformation spread regarding epidemics around the world and in particular, in Saudi Arabia. We are also interested in understanding the effects of governmental laws as a way to prevent the spread of misinformation. Questions to be answered include: Which types of misinformation spread the most in pandemics? How does misinformation evolve over time? What is the effect of governmental laws in the spread of misinformation? We propose a mixed method study to determine if information-exchanging behaviors can be used to minimize the effects of emergent misinformation. To do this, Twitter data was collected for the period beginning in December 2019 to the present day of April 10, 2020 using several keywords related to the pandemic in Arabic. In addition to twitter data, we also created a short survey to collect rumors and fake news that spread in the community. To study the effect of governmental Saudi laws in the spread of misinformation, the misinformation laws were collected.