cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wgamma production and limits on anomalous WWgamma couplings in ppbar collisions
Creators: name: The D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the cross section and the difference in rapidities between photons and charged leptons for inclusive W -> lnu+gamma production in egamma and mugamma final states. Using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.2 fb-1 collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider, the cross section multiplied by the branching fraction for the process ppbar -> Wgamma+X -> lnugamma+X, measured to be 15.8 +/- 0.8 (stat.) +/- 1.2 (syst.) pb, and the distribution of the charge-signed photon-lepton rapidity difference are found to be in agreement with the standard model. These results provide the most stringent limits on anomalous WWgamma couplings for data from hadron colliders: -0.4 < Delta kappa_gamma < 0.4 and -0.08 < lambda_gamma < 0.07 at the 95% C.L.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
Indigenous Feminist Philosophy in Idle No More: Theorizing the Space-Time of Canada’s Settler Colonial Politics and Alternative Decolonial Imaginaries
Creators: name: Peacock, Cara Melodie
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Indigenous Feminisms
subject: Settler colonialism
subject: Decolonization
subject: Indigenous politics
subject: Canadian politics
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Gender Studies
subject: Native American Studies
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: In this thesis, I explore Indigenous feminist philosophy from the ground up through a case study of Indigenous women’s political organizing through Idle No More (INM). Specifically, I examine the ways in which Indigenous feminist resistance in INM identifies a spatiotemporal configuration of both Canadian settler state politics and decolonial alternatives. To do so, I use state, media, and public responses, rhetoric, and actions that emerged in response to the Idle No More movement, as well as the actions, rhetoric, written works, and Indigenous political orders of the Idle No More protestors. These interventions illustrate that: (1) settler colonialism constitutes the spatiotemporal configuration of Canadian politics, functioning to contain and eliminate Indigenous political life; (2) Idle No More was configured by the spatiotemporal configuration of Indigenous political orders, which express temporal relations that span the past, present, and future, enabling them to create alternative, decolonial imaginaries with novel forms of politics and power. Drawing on Idle No More’s political interventions, I theorize new Treaty imaginaries.
Thermodynamic and structural properties of the ionic liquid binary system of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate and methanol
Creators: name: Zhang, Xinyuan
name: Feng, Sihan
name: Su, Mingming
name: Zhu, Yaofeng
name: Zhang, Qingguo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology

description: A binary mixture of ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate ([C2mim][SCN]) and methanol was prepared along with the whole composition range. Thermodynamic properties such as densities, dynamic viscosities, and electrical conductivities of binary system were measured from 293.15 to 323.15 K at 101.3 KPa. The electrical conductivities dependences of IL mole fraction were graphically described by the Casteel–Amis four-parameter equation. The excess molar volumes (VE) and dynamic viscosity deviations (Δη) of the binary mixture were calculated and satisfactorily fitted by the Redlich–Kister polynomial equation to reveal the interactions that exist among the components. For a deep understanding of the intermolecular interactions of the binary mixture, the infrared spectrum analysis was used to provide the observable changes related to the structural features, and the stable structures, energies of the complexes involving cation or anion of [C2mim][SCN] and methanol molecule were calculated by density functional theory calculations at B3LYP/6-311++G** level of calculation to evaluate the interaction situations of the IL and methanol.
Understanding the Effects of Using Parsons Problems to Scaffold Code Writing for Students with Varying CS Self-Efficacy Levels
Creators: name: Hou, Xinying
name: Ericson, Barbara J.
name: Wang, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Introductory programming courses aim to teach students to write code independently. However, transitioning from studying worked examples to generating their own code is often difficult and frustrating for students, especially those with lower CS self-efficacy in general. Therefore, we investigated the impact of using Parsons problems as a code-writing scaffold for students with varying levels of CS self-efficacy. Parsons problems are programming tasks where students arrange mixed-up code blocks in the correct order. We conducted a between-subjects study with undergraduate students (N=89) on a topic where students have limited code-writing expertise. Students were randomly assigned to one of two conditions. Students in one condition practiced writing code without any scaffolding, while students in the other condition were provided with scaffolding in the form of an equivalent Parsons problem. We found that, for students with low CS self-efficacy levels, those who received scaffolding achieved significantly higher practice performance and in-practice problem-solving efficiency compared to those without any scaffolding. Furthermore, when given Parsons problems as scaffolding during practice, students with lower CS self-efficacy were more likely to solve them. In addition, students with higher pre-practice knowledge on the topic were more likely to effectively use the Parsons scaffolding. This study provides evidence for the benefits of using Parsons problems to scaffold students' write-code activities. It also has implications for optimizing the Parsons scaffolding experience for students, including providing personalized and adaptive Parsons problems based on the student's current problem-solving status.
description: Peer-Reviewed, Accepted for publication in the proceedings of the 2023 ACM Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research
Secularization as historical struggle
Creators: name: Admin, InterDisciplines
name: Schlerka, Sebastian Matthias
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2018

description: As one of the oldest master narratives in the humanities, the term secularization has been one of the most-debated terms in the sociology of religion. Several scholars have proposed studying secularization from a conflict-centered perspective in recent years as a way to overcome the secularization/sacralization dichotomy that had developed over time. In the first section of the paper, I present a general approach on »secularization as struggle« based on Bourdieu’s praxeology. I show that the question about secularization amounts to the question about the legitimate meaning of religious praxis, which is always struggled about by different actors. This legitimate meaning can be assessed for three dimensions of secularization, namely differentiation, privatization, and religious decline. Besides theoretical reasoning, I draw on other scholars’ studies to lend some empirical evidence to the approach. In the second section, I argue that the approach is not complete until taken to a historical level. For this, I give three reasons that stem from the secularization debate, the theoretical background in Bourdieu, and the very definition of the terms revolving around secularization. In a next step, I argue that Bourdieu’s theory can well account for diachronicity, and give some examples of how the combination of both approaches can be made fruitful for research on secularization phenomena.
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 9 No 2 (2018): Social History - Historical Sociology
Type-Ia supernova rates and the progenitor problem, a review
Creators: name: Maoz, Dan
name: Mannucci, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The identity of the progenitor systems of type-Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is a major unsolved problem in astrophysics. SN Ia rates are providing some striking clues. We review the basics of SN rate measurement, preach about some sins of SN rate measurement and analysis, and illustrate one of these sins with an analogy about Martian scientists. We review the recent progress in measuring SN Ia rates in various environments and redshifts, and their use to reconstruct the SN Ia delay time distribution (DTD) -- the SN rate versus time that would follow a hypothetical brief burst of star formation. A good number of DTD measurements, using a variety of methods, appear to be converging. At delays 1
description: invited review, to appear in PASA
SURXONDARYO VILOYATI YER OSTI SUV RESURSLARIDAN OQILONA FOYDALANISH
Creators: name: Xoʻshboqova, Mehriniso
name: Shamilova, Dildora
name: Abdurahimova, Ozoda
name: Ko'chkinova, Sojida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada Surxondaryo havzasining yer osti suv resurslarining hosil boʻlishi va zahirasi, joylashuvi, dinamikasi, mineral tarkibining asosiy xususiyatlari haqida fikr boradi. Yer osti suv resurslaridan oqilona foydalanish masalalari yoritib beriladi.
The history of epigenetics from a sociological perspective
Creators: name: Cojulún, Laura Benítez
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2018

description: This paper explores the history of a scientific discipline, namely epigenetics, from a sociological perspective. It draws upon some theoretical insights provided by Mölders (2011): (1) a sociological learning-theoretical framework about systemic learning in the function system of science, conceived as an equilibration process at the level of a disciplinary communication community; (2) an evolution-theoretical framework about how learned structures reach the entire level of the function system of science. Thus, the leading questions asked were: (1) Do the emergence and development of epigenetics correspond to a learning process at the level of a disciplinary communication community, in the sense of a Piagetian equilibration process? and (2) Does the spreading of epigenetic knowledge constitute a case of (re)stabilization of learned structures reaching the level of the function system of science? The second approach seems more pertinent for the case of epigenetics for the following reasons: (1) in the realm of biosciences it is difficult to delimit disciplinary communication communities; (2) the kind of knowledge associated with epigenetics seems to have emerged outside of any preexisting disciplinary communication community; (3) ever since the coining of its name, epigenetics has transcended the dominant internal differentiation of the function system of science. It was found that several structures coming from epigenetics have been successfully selected beyond the boundaries of disciplines through scientific citation, so that an epigenetic shift has reached the function system of science. Following this historical thread, it was also found that some novel structures drawing upon Waddingtonian epigenetics were selected by a chain of authors reaching sociologists such as Klaus Eder, nourishing in turn a learning-related evolution-theoretical framework which can be applied to analyze the case of epigenetics itself.
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 9 No 2 (2018): Social History - Historical Sociology
Synthesis of carboxmethyl chitosan and its effect on budesonide colon sensitive nano release system
Creators: name: Sutar, Nikhil
name: CS, Satish
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: In this investigation, colon sensitive nanoparticles were prepared using different agents by ion-gelation method. The carboxymethyl chitosan nanoparticles (CMCH-NPs) were used to deliver budesonide to the colon. The formation of Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH) was confirmed by H1NMR, FTIR, and degree of substitution (Ds). CMCH-NPs were evaluated for drug excipient interaction, loading efficiency % (LE), entrapment efficiency % (EE), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta potential, particle size distribution, in-vitro release studies (also with enzymes), cytotoxicity, and stability studies. In-vitro release studies by dialysis bag method without enzymes revealed that N4 and N6 showed less than 10% cumulative drug release (% CDR) in pH1.2. SEM results of N6 showed spherical shaped aggregates and smoother surfaces than N4. Consequently, the presence of pepsin in pH 1.2, diastase in pH 4.5 and pancreatin in pH 7.4 buffers did not have any significant effect on the release kinetics of the N6 CMCH-NPs. On addition of the colonic enzymes in 10th hour, there was a marked increase in the release of budesonide (upto 98.27% ± 1.30%) due to the action of enzymes produced by the colonic microflora which causes the lysis of glycosidic bonds. The evidence for pH sensitivity along with the microbiotic activation of the CMCH-NPs in the colon was thus established. The cell viability (%) in all samples was above 96%, ensuring the biocompatibility of CMCH in the dose range of 0.2–2.4 mg/mL. Stability studies as per ICH Q1A (R2) guidelines were found to be stable.
Plasmons and near-field amplification in double-layer graphene
Creators: name: Stauber, T.
name: Gómez-Santos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the optical properties of double-layer graphene for linearly polarized evanescent modes and discuss the in-phase and out-of-phase plasmon modes for both, longitudinal and transverse polarization. We find a energy for which reflection is zero, leading to exponentially amplified transmitted modes similar to what happens in left-handed materials. For layers with equal densities $n=10^{12}$cm$^{-2}$, we find a typical layer separation of $d\approx500μ$m to detect this amplification for transverse polarization which may serve as an indirect observation of transverse plasmons. When the two graphene layers lie on different chemical potentials, the exponential amplification either follows the in-phase or out-of-phase plasmon mode depending on the order of the low- and high-density layer. This opens up the possibility of a tunable near-field amplifier or switch.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Role of PTP-alpha in integrated c-Kit and Fc-epsilon R1 mast cell activation
Creators: name: Geldman, Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Mast cells (MCs) play a crucial role in the induction of allergic asthma by secreting inflammatory mediators in response to allergens. In addition to MC activation via the antigen/IgE receptor FcεR1, MC tissue recruitment and responsiveness is greatly enhanced by co-stimulation with the stem cell factor (SCF). Levels of SCF are elevated in the asthmatic lung, where it stimulates the c-Kit receptor on MCs. Sufficient signaling through c-Kit and FcεR1 requires the activation of Src family kinases, which can be regulated by protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha (PTPα). Our lab has previously demonstrated that PTPα exerts positive regulatory effects on SCF-stimulated c-Kit phosphorylation and MC migration. In contrast, PTPα negatively regulates antigen-induced mast cell activation and the release of inflammatory mediators. To determine the role of PTPα in the integrated c-Kit and FcεR1 signaling that is believed to facilitate allergic inflammation, mouse bone marrow-derived WT and PTPα-KO MCs were treated with combinations of antigen and SCF, and analyzed for secretory and migratory responses as well as for the activation of key signaling proteins. However, the expected MC hyper-responsiveness due to the lack of PTPα was not observed, which may have arisen from intrinsic changes in the cultured mast cells and not from testing methodologies. Co-treatment with antigen and SCF produced synergistic degranulation and cytokine release that was similar between WT and PTPα-KO MCs. Yet, PTPα was required for the full phosphorylation of Akt and p38 after 15 min co-treatment with antigen and SCF. PTPα itself was found to be dephosphorylated at tyrosine 789, especially upon treatment with antigen. During fibronectin-aided Transwell migration towards SCF, the addition of antigen significantly reduced the number of PTPα-KO but not WT MCs that remained attached to fibronectin. Interestingly, in the presence of fibronectin, the SCF-mediated migration of WT and PTPα-KO MCs was not significantly affected by the addition of antigen, whereas fibronectin-independent MC migration was synergistically enhanced by antigen and SCF. Taken together, despite effects on the FcεRI/c-Kit integrated activation of downstream signaling proteins, the overall SCF-enhanced mediator release and migration of mast cells were found to be independent of PTPα.
Large trispectrum in two-field slow-roll inflation
Creators: name: Elliston, Joseph
name: Alabidi, Laila
name: Huston, Ian
name: Mulryne, David J.
name: Tavakol, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the conditions required to produce a large local trispectrum during two-field slow-roll inflation. This is done by extending and simplifying the 'heatmap' approach developed by Byrnes et al. The conditions required to generate a large trispectrum are broadly the same as those that can produce a large bispectrum. We derive a simple relation between tauNL and fNL for models with separable potentials, and furthermore show that gNL and tauNL can be related in specific circumstances. Additionally, we interpret the heatmaps dynamically, showing how they can be used as qualitative tools to understand the evolution of non-Gaussianity during inflation. We also show how fNL, tauNL and gNL are sourced by generic shapes in the inflationary potential, namely ridges, valleys and inflection points.
description: 35 pages including appendices, 7 figures
Bubble size distribution and stability of CO2 microbubbles for enhanced oil recovery: effect of polymer, surfactant and salt concentrations
Creators: name: Le, Nam Nguyen Hai
name: Sugai, Yuichi
name: Nguele, Ronald
name: Sreu, Tola
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Fluids incorporating carbon dioxide (CO2) microbubbles have been utilized to promote enhanced oil recovery from hydrocarbon reservoirs. The performance of such fluids in porous media is greatly affected by both the bubble size and stability. On this basis, the present study evaluated the effects of varying the concentrations of a xanthan gum (XG) polymer, a surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate: SDS) and sodium chloride (NaCl) on both the stability and bubble size distribution (BSD) of CO2 microbubbles. CO2 microbubble dispersions were prepared using a high-speed homogenizer in conjunction with the diffusion of gaseous CO2 through aqueous solutions. The stability of each dispersion was ascertained using a drainage test, while the BSD was determined by optical microscopy and fitted to either normal, log-normal or Weibull functions. The results showed that a Weibull distribution gave the most accurate fit for all experimental data. Increases in either the SDS or XG polymer concentration were found to decrease the microbubble size. However, these same changes increased the microbubble stability as a consequence of structural enhancement. The addition of NaCl up to a concentration of 10 g/L (10 g/1000g) decreased the average bubble size by approximately 2.7%. Stability was also reduced as the NaCl concentration was increased because of the gravitational effect and coalescence.
AlphaB-Crystallin and the Injured Aging Peripheral Nervous System
Creators: name: Hagen, Kathleen M.
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Peripheral nerve
subject: Aging
subject: Schwann cell
subject: Macrophage
subject: Neuroscience

description: Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) affects millions of people worldwide, and regeneration of damaged peripheral axons is worse with advancing age. A decline in the functions of Schwann cells (SCs) and resident and infiltrating macrophages (MΦs) may contribute to the worsened regenerative capacity of the damaged aged peripheral nervous system (PNS). These cells are critical for effective PNS regeneration due to their release of neurotrophic factors and cell adhesion molecules (SCs), and phagocytosis of myelin and neuronal debris (MΦs and SCs). Our lab has shown an age-related decline in the expression of a small heat shock protein called alphaB-crystallin (αBC) that is expressed by SCs and axons. This reduction correlated with defective myelination and lipid synthesis in the injured PNS, as well as an increased presence of MΦs. The present thesis examined injury in the aged peripheral nerve at the gene level and how aging and injury impacted the expression of enzymes in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway and, the presence and properties of SCs and MΦs. The possible contribution of αBC to age-related declines in injury responses was also assessed using mice null for the protein. At the gene level, cholesterol biosynthesis displayed certain patterns of down-regulation after injury as well as with age. Also, fewer SCs and MΦs were seen within the nerve with aging while MΦs from aged nerves potentially displayed deficits in debris clearance after injury. With respect to αBC, no consistent pattern of altered expression in genes associated with cholesterol biosynthesis nor SC numbers were evident in αBC knockout mice. However, older αBC null animals had more myelin debris-laden pro-inflammatory MΦs in later post-injury timepoints. Therefore, with increasing age, the natural decline in αBC may result in an increased presence of pro-inflammatory macrophages that could contribute to adverse symptoms. Future studies should explore possible deficits in MΦ lipid trafficking and clearance in the presence or absence of αBC.
Back and Forth: Four pieces for various instrumentation involving the study of creative processes as a method for composing
Creators: name: Pecktor De Oliveira, Lauro César
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: music composition
subject: creative process
subject: sketch studies
subject: genetic criticism
subject: music sketches
subject: Music

description: This thesis aims to explore the ways in which the study of another composer’s creative process can stimulate, influence, and provide knowledge to one’s own creative process. As a response to this proposition, I composed four original works; these are: Abstractions to Mr. Sch.² (for orchestra, 2018-2021), Miniatures to Ms. A. (for piano trio, 2019), acrostic (to alcides l.) (for flute and percussion, 2020), and pieces with amplified thoughts (for piano and sound files, 2021). Each composition was created after the study of another composers’ creative process(es) of selected work(s) through their respective working documents. The selected composers and works are the following: R. Murray Schafer (1933-2021), Seventh String Quartet (1998), Violet Archer (1913-2000), Concerto for Violin and Orchestra , first movement (1959), alcides lanza (1929-), plectros IV (1974-I) , son glosas, claro… (1991-I) , ontem (1999-I) , and Norma Beecroft (1934-), Cantorum Vitae (1981), Amplified String Quartet with Tape (1992). Due to its nature, this research draws from theories and models that involve both the study of the creative process a posteriori and in real-time. Thus, the working documents of the selected works are approached by: 1) understanding the chains of operations that unveil the singular musical logic of the creative process (Donin); 2) investigating the network of relations behind the compositional operations (Sallis); 3) accounting for the sonic reality of the documents, therefore producing audio files of excerpts whenever necessary (Chaves). The double role of researcher-composer is supported by other studies that follow the same or similar endeavour (Leroux; Reynolds; Roels). Considering the creative process as a collection of activities instead of a progressive linear single-activity endeavour (Zembylas), and also considering the knowledge that can emerge from this study, I looked into each set of working documents critically, as a composer. From each studied creative process I selected one important agential aspect after which I composed each of my own works.
The Long-Term Effect of Early Life Stress (ELS) on Serotonin Neuron Activity and Behaviour
Creators: name: Ramkumar, Raksha Rajeshwari
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Early Life Stress
subject: Serotonin
subject: Behaviour
subject: Psychology--Behavioral
subject: Psychology--Experimental

description: Early life stress (ELS) impacts children and youth populations, leading to long-term mood and emotional consequences including depressive and anxiety disorders. A key neurotransmitter involved in emotion and mood regulation is serotonin, also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Serotonin carrying neurons, also referred to as serotonergic neurons, innervate brain-wide regions that are involved in regulating mood and emotion, thus playing a role in regulating different behaviours. Alterations in serotonin levels during critical brain developmental periods are associated with long-term changes in behaviour - however, the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. To examine how early life stress (ELS) impacts brain-wide serotonin activity and consequent behaviours, we used a mouse model of chronic developmental stress. We implemented the limited bedding and nesting (LBN) model during the first postnatal week of life (postnatal days [PND] 2-9). Upon adulthood, we performed a standardized behavioural test battery to assess social, anxiety-like, passive-coping, and acute stress response behaviours. Using the Pet1-cre x Ai148 transgenic mouse line, we conducted in-vivo calcium imaging via fiber photometry in mice expressing GCaMP6f specifically in serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) to visualize neuronal activity during behavioural testing. Finally, we performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) on collected brain tissue and analyzed 5-HT populations in the DRN and markers of neuronal activation (cFos) in downstream serotonergic regions of interest. We found that ELS mice did not show heightened anxiety-like behaviour, did display increased social drive, and exhibited passive-coping behaviours relative to controls. Furthermore, differences in behaviours were observed in females and males. We also observed differences in Ca2+ activity of DRN-5HT neurons among control and ELS female and male mice. Finally, we found higher cFos density in downstream serotonergic regions of interest in ELS mice compared to controls.
Global Historical Sociology and Connected Gender Sociologies: On the Re-Nationalization and Coloniality of Gender
Creators: name: Winkel, Heidemarie
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2018

description: The article starts with a discussion of history’s and historical sociology’s influence on gender sociology. It is argued that the reconstruction of gender-historical developments as institutionally and socio-culturally sequential processes, or as historical figurations and their causal mechanisms, is a marginal research agenda in gender sociology. As a result, colonial history and its gendered legacy—which is considered pivotal for a comprehensive conceptual understanding of contemporary society—is (still) relegated to a back seat in gender sociology. This is reflected in the way how current anti-genderist controversies in European societies are discussed in terms of theory; gender sociology misses both to consult gender-historical and postcolonial perspectives systematically in the analysis of anti-genderism, although postcolonial approaches have become prominent in global historical sociology in the last decade. I suggest conceiving anti-genderists’ stance clearly as an indicator of European societies’ colonial (epistemic) legacy and as a result of the consistent (re)nationalization of gender throughout the twentieth century. Against this backdrop, the contribution starts from the question to what extent a global historical sociology can enable gender sociology to decolonize its body of knowledge and to decode the continuing (re)nationalization of gender as a colonial legacy. This includes a reflection on the extent to which gender sociology is built on a colonial body of white gender knowledge and how gender can be made visible as a colonial category of knowledge production. Accordingly, the deconstruction of gender sociology’s blind spot vis-a-vis its own imperial standpoint and its enmeshment with colonial epistemic legacies is envisioned as a central task. This is evidenced by the way how gender was inserted in national discourse throughout the second half of the twentieth century, namely as a medium that allows for the assertion of cultural differences between »us« and »them«. This finally led into a new, European nationalism after Germany’s so-called reunification, in which gender’s symbolic role once more became central, such as in the »headscarf debates« in the early 2000s, at a time when the NSU terror spread. At large it is argued that decolonial thinking reveals how classifications in terms of race and nation are unfolding as a cornerstone of the bourgeois, heteronormative gender order and how this is fostering the coloniality of gender, namely as part of (re)nationalization processes throughout the twentieth century up to now. As a consequence, recent anti-genderism affects white women and women of color alike, albeit in very different ways; but first and foremost, anti-genderism involves white women against women of color.
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 9 No 2 (2018): Social History - Historical Sociology
Neutrophils correlate with hypoxia microenvironment and promote progression of non-small-cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Zhang, Chunyan
name: Tang, Bingxiang
name: Hu, Jianping
name: Fang, Xiang
name: Bian, Hongzhi
name: Han, Junlei
name: Hou, Congxia
name: Sun, Fang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Hypoxia, a strong and selective pressure, has been involved in invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of tumor cells. Our study performed the transcriptome profiles of 666 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Various bioinformatic approaches were combined to evaluate the immune cell infiltration in the high hypoxia risk patients. In addition, in vitro experiments were performed to assess the effects of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) on NSCLC cells proliferation, migration and invasion and to reveal the underlying mechanisms. We divided NSCLC into two groups (Cluster1/2) based on the expression profiles of hypoxia-associated genes. Compared with the Cluster1 subgroup, the Cluster2 had a worse prognosis. Significant enrichment analysis revealed that PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and TANs were highly related to hypoxia microenvironment. Eleven hypoxia-related genes (FBP1, NDST2, ADM, LDHA, DDIT4, EXT1, BCAN, IGFBP1, PDGFB, AKAP12, and CDKN3) were scored by LASSO COX regression to yield risk scores, and we revealed a significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the low- and high-risk groups. Mechanistically, CXCL6 in hypoxic cancer cells promoted the migration of TANs in vitro, and in turn promote NSCLC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. In summary, this study revealed a 11‐hypoxia gene signature that predicted OS of NSCLC patients, and improved our understanding of the role of TANs in hypoxia microenvironment.
Holding doors for others — A history of the emergence of a polite behavior
Creators: name: Bathon, Felix
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2018

description: The following article discusses the relationship between materiality and sociality, and more precisely that of an item of clothing–the hoop skirt–and a polite gesture–holding doors for others–applying a historical procedural perspective. After some introductory remarks on holding doors for others as a polite behavior, the history of the hoop skirt is reconstructed as a sequence on the basis of a methodology of processual explanation and is described as a process using Georg Simmel’s fashion theory. Subsequently, a history of politeness is reconstructed as a sequence and explained as a process using Norbert Elias’s theory of civilization. The hypothesis that the gesture emerged due to the exorbitant size of the hoop skirt, which made it necessary to hold doors for women wearing them, will then be plausibilized by a complex reconstruction that parallelizes both sequences in a temporal and social dimension. In addition to the temporal presumption that the gesture appeared in conduct books after the emergence of the hoop skirt, both fashion and politeness present similar reference problems in terms of differentiation in society, inclusion and authenticity. Furthermore, this argument serves as a possible example of a symmetry between materiality and sociality.
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 9 No 2 (2018): Social History - Historical Sociology
Research on the wettability of localized pulse electrolytic machining mold steel (GCr12)
Creators: name: Tian, Kun
name: Ren, Wanfei
name: Xu, Jinkai
name: Sun, Xiaoqing
name: Liu, Zheming
name: Yu, Huadong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: As one of the most widely used metal materials, steel takes on an important role in deep sea and space exploration fields. However, the annual economic loss caused by steel corrosion is immeasurable. To resolve the problem, the localized pulse electrochemical machining (PECM), an efficient, fast and environment-friendly method, was introduced to fabricate microstructures on the surface of mold steel (GCr12). Results show that a super-hydrophobic surface has been obtained and its corrosion resistance has been significantly enhanced without the need to modify the surface by low surface energy solution. Thanks to the optimal working parameters (7.9 V and 2 ms) identified from the processing, the water contact angle of 161.8° was obtained. After fabrication by PECM, the surface microstructure, chemical element, and wettability were characterized and analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), EDS energy spectrometer, and optical contact angle measuring instrument, respectively. According to the experimental results, the surface honeycomb structure (micro/nano binary structure) is proven to be the main factor affecting wettability. Next, durability tests and corrosion resistance tests were carried out and the contact angle decreased by 4.4% and 6.7% respectively compared with the original contact angle, indicating that the surface after PECM has strong durability and good corrosion resistance, which can effectively solve the corrosion problem of steel. Therefore, using localized PECM technology to prepare microstructure on the surface of mold steel has a good application prospect in industry.
Strong decay of low-lying $S_{11}$ and $D_{13}$ nucleon resonances to pseudoscalar mesons and octet baryons
Creators: name: An, Chunsheng
name: Saghai, Bijan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partial decay widths of the nucleon resonances $S_{11}(1535)$, $S_{11}(1650)$, $D_{13}(1520)$ and $D_{13}(1700)$ to the pseudoscalar mesons and octet baryons are studied within a chiral constituent quark model. The effects of the configurations mixing between the states $|N^{2}_{8}P_{M}>$ and $|N^{4}_{8}P_{M}>$ are considered, taking into account the breakdown of the $SU(6)\otimes O(3)$ symmetry. In addition, possible contributions of the strangeness components in the $S_{11}$ resonances are investigated. Experimental data for the partial decay widths of the $S_{11}$ and $D_{13}$ resonances are well reproduced. Predictions for coupling constants of the four nucleon resonances to pseudoscalar mesons and octet baryons, crucial issues in the photo- and hadron-induced meson production reactions, are reported.
description: Typos corrected
Imagined markets? Long distance trade in the British Empire
Creators: name: Admin, InterDisciplines
name: Piekacz, Agnes
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2018

description: Imagined Markets? Long-distance trade in the British Empire Recent studies, particularly in economic sociology, point out the role of images and imaginaries of future states of the world—more precisely, the role of »fictional expectations«—as driving forces of capitalist dynamics. This perspective enriches historical research on markets while it simultaneously challenges historians to not only embed markets in complex social and cultural contexts, but also to consider their temporality. An actor-centered historical analysis of markets, then, ought not only to pay attention to historical actors’ past experiences, but also to their perceptions of the future. In the nineteenth century, British merchants willing to trade their commodities to the far-off markets of the recently annexed colony of Natal were confronted with several risks and uncertainties: e.g., the business environment was unfamiliar or even completely unknown and demand was difficult to estimate. Historians therefor stress the importance of personal connections and co-ethnic networks with regard to nineteenth century long-distance trade. Communication with actors abroad could help to spread information, build trust and reciprocity, and enable market exchange. British settler communities played a key role in these communication networks as possible consumers and, more importantly, sources of information on supposedly future economic opportunities in the colony. By analyzing emigrants’ manuals published shortly after the annexation of Natal the article proposes that discourses on these future business opportunities and prospective economic developments could shape expectations of merchants in Britain. Information in emigrants’ manuals therefor contributed to the construction of an »imagined market« in Natal.
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 9 No 2 (2018): Social History - Historical Sociology
Historical Sociology and the Antinomies of Constitutional Democracy: Notes on a Revised Approach
Creators: name: Admin, InterDisciplines
name: Thornhill, Chris
Publisher: name: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology
Year: 2018

description: This article outlines ways in which more extensive use can be made of historical-sociological methods in legal inquiry, especially in the analysis of constitutional law. It responds critically to other sociological accounts of constitutional law, claiming that they have only insufficiently reflected the social origins of the norms incorporated in constitutional law, and they have tended to replicate a simplified legal construction of the constitution as a vector that translates political decision into legitimate form. As an alternative, this article explains that historical methods bring greatest benefit in constitutional analysis because they allow us to look beyond express constitutional functions, and so to explain the reasons why, in its classical form, constitutionalism did not provide simple and reliable foundations for the legitimation of politics and law. Historical analysis of constitutions in fact has particular value in that it brings to light the deep antinomies in constitutional patterns of government, and it illuminates the ways in which constitutionalism often reflects a deeply conflict-laden mode of legitimacy formation. At the core of this approach is an attempt to question the binary model of the law/politics relation in sociological discussion of constitutionalism, indicating that, to be fully sociological, such analysis needs to renounce this essentially legal, textual precondition.
description: InterDisciplines. Journal of History and Sociology, Vol 9 No 2 (2018): Social History - Historical Sociology
Inhibitory effect of norharmane on Serratia marcescens NJ01 quorum sensing-mediated virulence factors and biofilm formation
Creators: name: Luo, Huai-Zhi
name: Zhou, Jin-Wei
name: Sun, Bing
name: Jiang, Huan
name: Tang, Shi
name: Jia, Ai-Qun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Serratia marcescens NJ01, a Gram-negative bacterium, can infect tomato leaves and cause chlorosis and wilting. The present study evaluated the quorum sensing (QS) and biofilm inhibitory effects of seven carboline compounds against S. marcescens NJ01 at 20 μg ml−1, and subsequently focused the study on norharmane as this had the best inhibitory activity. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis confirmed the down-regulation of QS and biofilm related genes bsmA, bsmB, fimA, fimC, flhD, pigA, pigC and shlA on exposure to norharmane. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis showed a reduction in the major components of the exopolysaccharide (EPS) matrix such as nucleic acids, proteins and fatty acids, which are involved in forming the tertiary structure of biofilms. Norharmane exposure also enhanced the susceptibility of the biofilm to ofloxacin. Hence, norharmane has the potential for use as an antibiotic adjuvant to enhance the efficacy of conventional antibiotics to reduce pathogenic bacterial infections.
Sleep Disturbance and Post-Concussive Symptoms in Pediatric Concussion and Orthopedic Injury
Creators: name: Luszawski, Caroline
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology--Clinical

description: Sleep disturbance is reportedly common after pediatric mTBI. Sleep has been suggested as a predictor of other post-concussive symptoms (PCS) and prolonged recovery. Our objective was to investigate the relation of sleep with PCS in children with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and those with orthopedic injury (OI). Participants were children and adolescents aged 8 to 16 years old diagnosed with either a mTBI (n = 143) or OI (n = 74) who were recruited within 24 hours post-injury after presenting to the Emergency Departments (ED) at Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Columbus, Ohio and Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital in Cleveland, Ohio. Parent ratings of child sleep were collected pre-injury (retrospective) and at 3- and 6-months post-injury using the Sleep Disorders Inventory for Students. Symptoms were reported by the child and their parent using the Health and Behaviour Inventory and Post Concussive Symptom Interview. We found that children with mTBI displayed modestly greater, but not statistically significant, post-injury sleep disturbance compared to children with OI. Pre-injury sleep predicted post-injury sleep scores and was also associated with greater PCS regardless of injury Further, children with mTBI who were symptomatic post-acutely based on parent ratings had worse parent-rated sleep outcomes at 3- and 6-months post-injury than did children who were not symptomatic. Further research is warranted to better understand the relationship of sleep and PCS in pediatric mTBI.
Nuclear Spin Dynamics of Ionized Phosphorus Donors in Silicon
Creators: name: Dreher, Lukas
name: Hoehne, Felix
name: Stutzmann, Martin
name: Brandt, Martin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the coherent control and electrical readout of the nuclear spins of ionized phosphorus donors in natural silicon. By combining pulsed illumination with coherent electron spin manipulation, we selectively ionize the donor depending on its nuclear spin state, exploiting a spin-dependent recombination process via a spin pair at the Si/SiO2 interface. The nuclear-spin coherence time of the ionized donor is 18 ms, two orders of magnitude longer than in the neutral donor state, rendering the ionized donor a potential resource as a quantum memory. The presented experimental techniques allow for spectroscopy of ionized-donor nuclear spins, increase the sensitivity of electrically detected electron nuclear double resonance by more than two orders of magnitude, and give experimental access to the lifetime of parallel electron spin pairs.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Cognitive and motivational characteristics as predictors of students’ expository versus narrative text comprehension
Creators: name: Cruz Neri, Nadine
name: Bernholt, Sascha
name: Härtig, Hendrik
name: Schmitz, Anke
name: Retelsdorf, Jan
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Prior research has examined the impact of different cognitive predictors on students’ expository and narrative text comprehension. It has become apparent that some cognitive variables predict text comprehension in both genres, while some are genre-specific predictors. However, the effect of reading motivation on expository and narrative text comprehension remains unclear. Thus, the aim was to investigate which reading-related cognitive and motivational characteristics predict universal versus genre-specific text comprehension. The sample consisted of 261 eighth graders (age: M = 14.96; 37.9% girls). Applying path modeling, the results showed that students’ vocabulary was a significant predictor of text comprehension in both genres. Furthermore, reading strategy knowledge predicted text comprehension of a narrative and an expository text. Reading for interest predicted text comprehension in two of three expository texts. Identifying these universal and genre-specific characteristics of text comprehension can enable teachers to foster students’ text comprehension by targeting these specific skills.