cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Creatinine clearance/eGFR ratio: a simple index for muscle mass related to mortality in ICU patients
Creators: name: Volbeda, Meint
name: Zijlstra, Hendrik W.
name: Post, Adrian
name: Kootstra-Ros, Jenny E.
name: van der Voort, Peter H. J.
name: Franssen, Casper F. M.
name: Nijsten, Maarten W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1: Table S1. List of variables with abbreviations and definitions. Table S2. Multivariable logistic regression model for in-hospital mortality. Figure S1. Flow chart of patient selection. Figure S2. Sensitivity analysis of mCC/eGFR ratio in patients without KDIGO acute kidney injury (AKI) and a baseline plasma creatinine < 110 µmol/l. Figure S3. Sensitivity analysis of mCC/eGFR ratio without normalizing mCC to a body surface area of 1.73 m2. Figure S4. Sensitivity analysis of mCC/eGFR ratio with CKD-EPI 2009 eGFR without race correction.
Semi-Regular Variables in the Solar Neighbourhood
Creators: name: Glass, I. S.
name: van Leeuwen, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Period-luminosity sequences have been shown to exist among the Semi-Regular Variables (SRVs) in the Magellanic Clouds (Wood et al, 1999), the Bulge of the Milky Way galaxy (Glass & Schultheis, 2003) and elsewhere. Using modern period and revised Hipparcos parallax data, this paper demonstrates that they also appear among the M-giant SRVs of the Solar Neighbourhood. Their distribution in the K, log P diagram resembles that of Bulge stars more closely than those in the Magellanic Clouds. The prevalence of mass-loss among local M-type SRVs and its dependence on period and spectral sub-type are also discussed. K -- [12], a measure of circumstellar dust emission, increases clearly with V amplitude, M giant sub-type and log P.
description: MNRAS (accepted)
Comparing regional and provincial-wide COVID-19 models with physical distancing in British Columbia
Creators: name: McGregor, Geoffrey
name: Tippett, Jennifer
name: Wan, Andy T. S.
name: Wang, Mengxiao
name: Wong, Samuel W. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the effects of physical distancing measures for the spread of COVID-19 in regional areas within British Columbia, using the reported cases of the five provincial Health Authorities. Building on the Bayesian epidemiological model of Anderson et al. (2020), we propose a hierarchical regional Bayesian model with time-varying regional parameters between March to December of 2020. In the absence of COVID-19 variants and vaccinations during this period, we examine the regionalized basic reproduction number, modelled prevalence, relative reduction in contact due to physical distancing, and proportion of anticipated cases that have been tested and reported. We observe significant differences between the regional and provincial-wide models and demonstrate the hierarchical regional model can better estimate regional prevalence, especially in rural regions. These results indicate that it can be useful to apply similar regional models to other parts of Canada or other countries.
description: 35 pages, 16 figures
Additional file 1 of Cholinesterase inhibitor use in amyloid PET-negative mild cognitive impairment and cognitive changes
Creators: name: Pyun, Jung-Min
name: Park, Young Ho
name: Kang, Min Ju
name: Kim, SangYun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Dynamics of Domain Wall Networks
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Fujimori, Toshiaki
name: Nagashima, Takayuki
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Ohashi, Keisuke
name: Sakai, Norisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Networks or webs of domain walls are admitted in Abelian or non-Abelian gauge theory coupled to fundamental Higgs fields with complex masses. We examine the dynamics of the domain wall loops by using the moduli approximation and find a phase rotation induces a repulsive force which can be understood as a Noether charge of Q-solitons. Non-Abelian gauge theory allows different types of loops which can be deformed to each other by changing a modulus. This admits the moduli geometry like a sandglass made by gluing the tips of the two cigar-(cone-)like metrics of a single triangle loop. We conclude that the sizes of all loops tend to grow for a late time in general models with complex Higgs masses, while the sizes are stabilized at some values once triplet masses are introduced for the Higgs fields. We also show that the stationary motion on the moduli space of the domain wall webs represents 1/4 BPS Q-webs of walls.
description: 39 pages, 16 figures
Improving Community Detection Performance in Heterogeneous Music Network by Learning Edge-type Usefulness Distribution
Creators: name: Gao, Zheng
name: Guo, Chun
name: Ma, Shutian
name: Liu, Xiaozhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With music becoming an essential part of daily life, there is an urgent need to develop recommendation systems to assist people targeting better songs with fewer efforts. As the interactions between users and songs naturally construct a complex network, community detection approaches can be applied to reveal users' potential interests on songs by grouping relevant users & songs to the same community. However, as the types of interaction could be heterogeneous, it challenges conventional community detection methods designed originally for homogeneous networks. Although there are existing works on heterogeneous community detection, they are mostly task-driven approaches and not feasible for specific music recommendation. In this paper, we propose a genetic based approach to learn an edge-type usefulness distribution (ETUD) for all edge-types in heterogeneous music networks. ETUD can be regarded as a linear function to project all edges to the same latent space and make them comparable. Therefore a heterogeneous network can be converted to a homogeneous one where those conventional methods are eligible to use. We validate the proposed model on a heterogeneous music network constructed from an online music streaming service. Results show that for conventional methods, ETUD can help to detect communities significantly improving music recommendation accuracy while simultaneously reducing user searching cost.
International Standard for a Linguistic Annotation Framework
Creators: name: Romary, Laurent
name: Ide, Nancy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes the Linguistic Annotation Framework under development within ISO TC37 SC4 WG1. The Linguistic Annotation Framework is intended to serve as a basis for harmonizing existing language resources as well as developing new ones.
Deviations from Tri-bimaximal Neutrino Mixing in Type-II Seesaw and Leptogenesis
Creators: name: Chan, Aik Hui
name: Fritzsch, Harald
name: Luo, Shu
name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current experimental data allow the zero value for one neutrino mass, either m_1 = 0 or m_3 = 0. This observation implies that a realistic neutrino mass texture can be established by starting from the limit (a) m_1 = m_2 = 0 and m_3 \neq 0 or (b) m_1 = m_2 \neq 0 and m_3 = 0. In both cases, we may introduce a particular perturbation which ensures the resultant neutrino mixing matrix to be the tri-bimaximal mixing pattern or its viable variations with all entries being formed from small integers and their square roots. We find that it is natural to incorporate this kind of neutrino mass matrix in the minimal Type-II seesaw model with only one heavy right-handed Majorana neutrino N in addition to the SU(2)_L Higgs triplet Δ_L. We show that it is possible to account for the cosmological baryon number asymmetry in the m_3 =0 case via thermal leptogenesis, in which the one-loop vertex correction to N decays is mediated by Δ_L and the CP-violating asymmetry of N decays is attributed to the electron flavor.
description: RevTeX 14 pages, 2 figures. Title and authors changed, and discussions on the minimal type-II seesaw and leptogenesis added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Magnetar Models of Superluminous Supernovae from the Dark Energy Survey: Exploring Redshift Evolution
Creators: name: Hsu, Brian
name: Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
name: Berger, Edo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) are luminous transients that can be detected to high redshifts with upcoming optical time-domain surveys such as the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). An interesting open question is whether the properties of SLSNe evolve through cosmic time. To address this question, in this paper we model the multi-color light curves of all 21 Type I SLSNe from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) with a magnetar spin-down engine, implemented in the Modular Open Source Fitter for Transients (MOSFiT). With redshifts up to $z\approx 2$, this sample includes some of the highest-redshift SLSNe. We find that the DES SLSNe span a similar range of ejecta and magnetar engine parameters to previous samples of mostly lower-redshift SLSNe (spin period $P\approx 0.79-13.61$ ms, magnetic field $B\approx (0.03-7.33)\times10^{14}$ G, ejecta mass $M_{\rm ej}\approx 1.54-30.32$ M$_{\odot}$, and ejecta velocity $v_{\rm ej}\approx (0.55-1.45)\times 10^4$ km s$^{-1}$). The DES SLSN sample by itself exhibits the previously found negative correlation between $M_{\rm ej}$ and $P$, with a pronounced absence of SLSNe with low ejecta mass and rapid spin. Combining our results for the DES SLSNe with 60 previous SLSNe modeled in the same way, we find no evidence for redshift evolution in any of the key physical parameters.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; matches published version. Minor changes following referee comments; conclusions unchanged
A Formal Model of Dictionary Structure and Content
Creators: name: Romary, Laurent
name: Ide, Nancy
name: Kilgarriff, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that a general model of lexical information conforms to an abstract model that reflects the hierarchy of information found in a typical dictionary entry. We show that this model can be mapped into a well-formed XML document, and how the XSL transformation language can be used to implement a semantics defined over the abstract model to enable extraction and manipulation of the information in any format.
Geometrical properties of local dynamics in Hamiltonian systems: the Generalized Alignment Index (GALI) method
Creators: name: Skokos, Ch.
name: Bountis, T. C.
name: Antonopoulos, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the detailed dynamics of multidimensional Hamiltonian systems by studying the evolution of volume elements formed by unit deviation vectors about their orbits. The behavior of these volumes is strongly influenced by the regular or chaotic nature of the motion, the number of deviation vectors, their linear (in)dependence and the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents. The different time evolution of these volumes can be used to identify rapidly and efficiently the nature of the dynamics, leading to the introduction of quantities that clearly distinguish between chaotic behavior and quasiperiodic motion on $N$-dimensional tori. More specifically we introduce the Generalized Alignment Index of order $k$ (GALI$_k$) as the volume of a generalized parallelepiped, whose edges are $k$ initially linearly independent unit deviation vectors from the studied orbit whose magnitude is normalized to unity at every time step. The GALI$_k$ is a generalization of the Smaller Alignment Index (SALI) (GALI$_2$ $\propto$ SALI). However, GALI$_k$ provides significantly more detailed information on the local dynamics, allows for a faster and clearer distinction between order and chaos than SALI and works even in cases where the SALI method is inconclusive.
description: 45 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Physica D
Additional file 2 of Cholinesterase inhibitor use in amyloid PET-negative mild cognitive impairment and cognitive changes
Creators: name: Pyun, Jung-Min
name: Park, Young Ho
name: Kang, Min Ju
name: Kim, SangYun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 2
How to clean a dirty floor: Probabilistic potential theory and the Dobrushin uniqueness theorem
Creators: name: de la Rue, Thierry
name: Fernandez, Roberto
name: Sokal, Alan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60J99 (Primary); 15A48, 31C20, 31C99, 60J10, 60J45, 82B20 (Secondary)

description: Motivated by the Dobrushin uniqueness theorem in statistical mechanics, we consider the following situation: Let αbe a nonnegative matrix over a finite or countably infinite index set X, and define the "cleaning operators" β_h = I_{1-h} + I_h αfor h: X \to [0,1] (here I_f denotes the diagonal matrix with entries f). We ask: For which "cleaning sequences" h_1, h_2, ... do we have c β_{h_1} ... β_{h_n} \to 0 for a suitable class of "dirt vectors" c? We show, under a modest condition on α, that this occurs whenever \sum_i h_i = \infty everywhere on X. More generally, we analyze the cleaning of subsets Λ\subseteq X and the final distribution of dirt on the complement of Λ. We show that when supp(h_i) \subseteq Λwith \sum_i h_i = \infty everywhere on Λ, the operators β_{h_1} ... β_{h_n} converge as n \to \infty to the "balayage operator" Π_Λ= \sum_{k=0}^\infty (I_Λα)^k I_{Λ^c). These results are obtained in two ways: by a fairly simple matrix formalism, and by a more powerful tree formalism that corresponds to working with formal power series in which the matrix elements of αare treated as noncommuting indeterminates.
description: LaTex2e, 80 pages including 4 figures
Magnesium doped carbon quantum dots synthesized by mechanical ball milling and displayed Fe3+ sensing
Creators: name: Han, Yuwan
name: Chen, Yan
name: Wang, Nan
name: He, Zhanhang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A new method had been developed for the preparation of fluorescent Magnesium doped carbon quantum dots (Mg-CQDs) by a simple mechanical ball milling a mixture of cellulose and Mg power. The Mg-CQDs were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, UV-vis spectra, Fluorescent emission spectra and Transmission electron microscopy. And the result showed that the prepared Mg-CQDs displayed high selective and sensitive detection of iron ions with a detection limit of 50 ppb. Moreover, the idea of mechanical ball milling provided a method of large-scale industrial production to carbon quantum dots (CQDs).
The ALFALFA Search for (Almost) Dark Galaxies across the HI Mass Function
Creators: name: Haynes, Martha P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey is a second generation blind extragalactic HI survey currently in progess which is exploiting Arecibo's superior sensitivity, angular resolution and digital technology to derive a census of the local HI universe over a cosmologically significant volume. As of the time of this meeting, some 4500 good quality extragalactic HI line sources have been identified in about 15% of the final survey area. ALFALFA is detecting HI masses as low as 10**6 solar masses and as large as 10**10.8 solar masses with positional accuracies typically better than 20", allowing immediate identification of the most probable optical counterparts. Only 3% of all extragalactic HI sources and less than 1% of detections with HI mass 10**9.5 solar masses cannot be identified with a stellar component. Because ALFALFA is far from complete, the discussion here focuses on limitations of past surveys that ALFALFA will overcome because of its greater volume, sensitivity and reduced susceptibility to source confusion and on a sampling of illustrative preliminary results. First ALFALFA results already suggest, in agreement with previous studies, that there does not appear to be a cosmologically significant population of optically dark but HI rich galaxies. ALFALFA promises a wealthy dataset for the exploration of many issues in near-field cosmology and galaxy evolution studies, setting the stage for their extension to higher redshifts in the future with the Square Kilometer Array (SKA).
description: To appear in Proceedings of IAU Symp #244, "Dark Galaxies and Lost Baryons", June 2007, 10 pages including 5 figures
Cosmological applications of a wavelet analysis on the sphere
Creators: name: McEwen, J. D.
name: Vielva, P.
name: Wiaux, Y.
name: Barreiro, R. B.
name: Cayon, L.
name: Hobson, M. P.
name: Lasenby, A. N.
name: Martinez-Gonzalez, E.
name: Sanz, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is a relic radiation of the Big Bang and as such it contains a wealth of cosmological information. Statistical analyses of the CMB, in conjunction with other cosmological observables, represent some of the most powerful techniques available to cosmologists for placing strong constraints on the cosmological parameters that describe the origin, content and evolution of the Universe. The last decade has witnessed the introduction of wavelet analyses in cosmology and, in particular, their application to the CMB. We review here spherical wavelet analyses of the CMB that test the standard cosmological concordance model. The assumption that the temperature anisotropies of the CMB are a realisation of a statistically isotropic Gaussian random field on the sphere is questioned. Deviations from both statistical isotropy and Gaussianity are detected in the reviewed works, suggesting more exotic cosmological models may be required to explain our Universe. We also review spherical wavelet analyses that independently provide evidence for dark energy, an exotic component of our Universe of which we know very little currently. The effectiveness of accounting correctly for the geometry of the sphere in the wavelet analysis of full-sky CMB data is demonstrated by the highly significant detections of physical processes and effects that are made in these reviewed works.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures; JFAA invited review, in press
Self-Organized Growth of Nanoparticles on a Surface Patterned by a Buried Dislocation Network
Creators: name: Leroy, F.
name: Renaud, G.
name: Letoublon, A.
name: Lazzari, R.
name: Mottet, C.
name: Goniakowski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The self-organized growth of Co nanoparticles with 10 nm periodicity was achieved at room temperature on a Ag(001) surface patterned by an underlying dislocation network, as shown by real time, in situ Grazing Incidence Small and Wide Angle X-ray Scattering. The misfit dislocation network, buried at the interface between a 5nm-thick Ag thin film and a MgO(001) substrate, induces a periodic strain field on top of the surface. Nucleation and growth of Co on tensile areas are found as the most favorable sites as highlighted by Molecular Dynamic simulations.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Wave-optical study of the Einstein cross formed by a quadrupole gravitational lens
Creators: name: Turyshev, Slava G.
name: Toth, Viktor T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study imaging of point sources with a quadrupole gravitational lens while focusing on the formation and evolution of the Einstein cross formed on the image sensor of an imaging telescope. We use a new type of a diffraction integral that we developed to study generic, opaque, weakly aspherical gravitational lenses. To evaluate this integral, we use the method of stationary phase that yields a quartic equation with respect to a Cartesian projection of the observer's position vector with respect to the vector of the impact parameter. The resulting quartic equation can be solved analytically using the method first published by Cardano in 1545. We find that the resulting solution provides a good approximation of the electromagnetic (EM) field almost everywhere in the image plane, yielding the well-known astroid caustic of the quadrupole lens. The sole exception is the immediate vicinity of the caustic boundary, where a numerical treatment of the diffraction integral yields better results. We also convolve the quartic solution for the EM field on the image plane with the point-spread function of a thin lens imaging telescope. By doing so, we are able to explore the direct relationship between the algebraic properties of the quartic solution for the EM field, the geometry of the astroid caustic, and the geometry and shape of the resulting Einstein-cross that appear on the image plane of the thin lens telescope. The new quartic solution leads to significant improvements in numerical modeling as evaluation of this solution is computationally far less expensive than a direct numerical treatment of the new diffraction integral. In the case of the solar gravitational lens (SGL), the new results drastically improve the speed of numerical simulations related to sensitivity analysis performed in the context of high-resolution imaging of exoplanets.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
AC loss in stator windings of superconducting motors
Creators: name: Pardo, Enric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Superconducting motors
High temperature superconductors
AC losses
Superconduting coils

description: Many superconducting power applications contain REBCO coils. Superconducting motors are very interesting for mobile applications like aviation, thanks to their high power per unit weight. In order to reduce the inductance, multitape conductors are often used in windings but parallel tapes present coupling AC loss. In this article, we analyze the AC loss of single coils and a full stator of a motor made of windings of parallel tapes, taking several coupling situations into account. Our computer modeling method combines selfprogrammed and commercial finite-element methods to calculate the current density and AC loss. We found that isolating the tapes along the length provides almost the same AC loss reduction as that obtained by full transposition. This reveals that there are still many unexploited strategies to reduce the AC loss in multi-tape conductors.
description: Presented as contributed oral presentation at the Applied Superconductivity Conference 2018, Seattle, WA, USA. Contribution Presentation number 1LOr1B-07
Virgo Early-Type Dwarfs in ALFALFA
Creators: name: Koopmann, Rebecca A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early-type dwarf galaxies dominate cluster populations, but their formation and evolutionary histories are poorly understood. The ALFALFA (Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA) survey has completed observations of the Virgo Cluster in the declination range of 6 - 16 degrees. Less than 2% of the early-type dwarf population is detected, a significantly lower fraction than reported in previous papers based on more limited samples. In contrast ~30 of the irregular/BCD dwarf population is detected. The detected early-type galaxies tend to be located in the outer regions of the cluster, with a concentration in the direction of the M Cloud. Many show evidence for ongoing/recent star formation. Galaxies such as these may be undergoing morphological transition due to cluster environmental effects.
description: 2 pages. To be published in proceedings of IAU Symposium 244: 'Dark Galaxies and Lost Baryons', J. I. Davies & M. D. Disney. eds., Cambridge University Press
Electroweak phase transition in a complex singlet extension of the Standard Model with degenerate scalars
Creators: name: Cho, Gi-Chol
name: Idegawa, Chikako
name: Senaha, Eibun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the feasibility of strong first-order electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in a degenerate-scalar scenario of a complex singlet extension of the Standard Model, in which a mass of an additional scalar is nearly degenerate with that of the Higgs boson, 125 GeV. This scenario is known to provide an exquisite solution for circumventing constraints from dark matter direct detection experiments due to cancellations between two scattering amplitudes mediated by two scalars. In the analysis of EWPT, we employ two gauge-invariant calculation schemes on the scalar potential and two familiar resummation methods in evaluating one-loop (gauge dependent) effective potential. We point out that one of the conditions for the strong first-order EWPT is incompatible with the known suppression mechanism of a dark matter cross-section scattering off the nucleons. Nevertheless, we find that strong first-order EWPT is still possible in the degenerate-scalar scenario by dodging dark matter constraints differently.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
New Form of the T-Duality Due to the Stability of a Compact Dimension
Creators: name: Kamani, Davoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study behaviors of a compact dimension and the $T$-duality, in the presence of the wrapped closed bosonic strings. When the closed strings interact and form another system of strings, the radius of compactification increases. This modifies the $T$-duality, which we call it as $T$-duality-like. Some effects of the $T$-duality-like will be studied.
description: 12 pages, Latex, no figure
Additional file 3 of Cholinesterase inhibitor use in amyloid PET-negative mild cognitive impairment and cognitive changes
Creators: name: Pyun, Jung-Min
name: Park, Young Ho
name: Kang, Min Ju
name: Kim, SangYun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 3
van der Waals-like phase separation instability of a driven granular gas in three dimensions
Creators: name: Liu, Rui
name: Li, Yinchang
name: Hou, Meiying
name: Meerson, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the van der Waals-like phase separation instability of a driven granular gas at zero gravity, previously investigated in two-dimensional settings, persists in three dimensions. We consider a monodisperse granular gas driven by a thermal wall of a three-dimensional rectangular container at zero gravity. The basic steady state of this system, as described by granular hydrodynamic equations, involves a denser and colder layer of granulate located at the wall opposite to the driving wall. When the inelastic energy loss is sufficiently high, the driven granular gas exhibits, in some range of average densities, negative compressibility in the directions parallel to the driving wall. When the lateral dimensions of the container are sufficiently large, the negative compressibility causes spontaneous symmetry breaking of the basic steady state and a phase separation instability. Event-driven molecular dynamics simulations confirm and complement our theoretical predictions.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
A 500 kpc HI Tail of the Virgo Pair NGC4532/DDO137 Detected by ALFALFA
Creators: name: Koopmann, Rebecca A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HI observations of the Virgo Cluster pair NGC 4532/DDO 137, conducted as part of the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA Survey (ALFALFA), reveal an HI feature extending ~500 kpc to the southwest. The structure has a total mass of up to 7 x 10^8 solar masses, equivalent to 10% of the pair HI mass. Optical R imaging reveals no counterparts to a level of 26.5 magnitudes per square arcsec. The structure is likely the result of galaxy harassment.
description: 2 pages. To be published in proceedings of IAU Symposium 244: 'Dark Galaxies and Lost Baryons', J. I. Davies & M. D. Disney. eds., Cambridge University Press
Neutrino transport and hydrodynamic stability of rotating proto-neutron stars
Creators: name: Urpin, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider stability of differentially rotating non-magnetic proto-neutron stars. When neutrino transport is efficient, the star can be subject to a diffusive instability that can occur even in the convectively stable region. The instability arises on the time-scale comparable to the time-scale of thermal diffusion. Hydrodynamic motions driven by the instability can lead to anisotropy in the neutrino flux since the instability is suppressed near the equator and rotation axis.
description: 6 pages. Accepted for publication in A&A
Severi varieties and self rational maps of K3 surfaces
Creators: name: Dedieu, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J28, 14E05, 14C05

description: Self-rational maps of generic algebraic K3 surfaces are conjectured to be trivial. We relate this conjecture to a conjecture concerning the irreducibility of the universal Severi varieties parametrizing nodal curves of given genus and degree lying on some K3 surface. We also establish a number of numerical constraints satisfied by such non trivial rational maps, that is of topological degree >1.
description: 20 pages
Dynamics of spectral correlations in the entanglement Hamiltonian of the Aubry-André-Harper model
Creators: name: Ahmed, Aamna
name: Roy, Nilanjan
name: Sharma, Auditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study the evolution of spectral correlations in the entanglement Hamiltonian (EH) of non-interacting fermions in the Aubry-André-Harper (AAH) model. We analyze the time evolution of the EH spectrum in a nonequilibrium setting by studying several quantities: spectral distribution, level statistics, entanglement entropy, and spectral form factor (SFF) in the context of the delocalization-localization transition in the AAH model. It is observed that the SFF of the entanglement spectrum in the delocalized phase and at the phase-transition point evolves in three-time intervals. We make a systematic study of the emergence of these three timescales for various initial states and find that the number of time intervals remains three unless the Hamiltonian is tuned in the localized phase or when the initial state is maximally entangled, then there is a featureless time evolution. We find a broad direct correlation between the entanglement entropy and the length of the ramp of the SFF. We also find that in the delocalized phase the spectral correlations are stronger in the center of the spectrum and grow progressively weaker as more and more of the spectrum is considered.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 4 of Cholinesterase inhibitor use in amyloid PET-negative mild cognitive impairment and cognitive changes
Creators: name: Pyun, Jung-Min
name: Park, Young Ho
name: Kang, Min Ju
name: Kim, SangYun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 4
A dual lagrangian for non-Abelian tensor gauge fields
Creators: name: Barrett, Jessica K.
name: Savvidy, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For non-Abelian tensor gauge fields of the lower rank we have found an alternative expression for the field strength tensors, which transform homogeneously with respect to the complementary gauge transformations and allow us to construct the dual Lagrangian.
description: 13 pages, LaTex file
Trapping of strangelets in the geomagnetic field
Creators: name: Paulucci, L.
name: Horvath, J. E.
name: Medina-Tanco, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strangelets coming from the interstellar medium (ISM) are an interesting target to experiments searching for evidence of this hypothetic state of hadronic matter. We entertain the possibility of a {\it trapped} strangelet population, quite analogous to ordinary nuclei and electron belts. For a population of strangelets to be trapped by the geomagnetic field, these incoming particles would have to fulfill certain conditions, namely having magnetic rigidities above the geomagnetic cutoff and below a certain threshold for adiabatic motion to hold. We show in this work that, for fully ionized strangelets, there is a narrow window for stable trapping. An estimate of the stationary population is presented and the dominant loss mechanisms discussed. It is shown that the population would be substantially enhanced with respect to the ISM flux (up to two orders of magnitude) due to quasi-stable trapping.
description: 10 pp., 5 figures
Critical behaviour of loop models on causal triangulations
Creators: name: Durhuus, Bergfinnur
name: Poncini, Xavier
name: Rasmussen, Jorgen
name: Ünel, Meltem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a dense and a dilute loop model on causal dynamical triangulations. Both models are characterised by a geometric coupling constant $g$ and a loop parameter $α$ in such a way that the purely geometric causal triangulation model is recovered for $α=1$. We show that the dense loop model can be mapped to a solvable planar tree model, whose partition function we compute explicitly and use to determine the critical behaviour of the loop model. The dilute loop model can likewise be mapped to a planar tree model; however, a closed-form expression for the corresponding partition function is not obtainable using the standard methods employed in the dense case. Instead, we derive bounds on the critical coupling $g_c$ and apply transfer matrix techniques to examine the critical behaviour for $α$ small.
description: 30 pages, v2: minor changes
Deep Learning of the Eddington Tensor in the Core-collapse Supernova Simulation
Creators: name: Harada, Akira
name: Nishikawa, Shota
name: Yamada, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We trained deep neural networks (DNNs) as a function of the neutrino energy density, flux, and the fluid velocity to reproduce the Eddington tensor for neutrinos obtained in our first-principles core-collapse supernova (CCSN) simulations. Although the moment method, which is one of the most popular approximations for neutrino transport, requires a closure relation, none of the analytical closure relations commonly employed in the literature captures all aspects of the neutrino angular distribution in momentum space. In this paper, we developed a closure relation by using the DNN that takes the neutrino energy density, flux, and the fluid velocity as the input and the Eddington tensor as the output. We consider two kinds of DNNs: a conventional DNN named a component-wise neural network (CWNN) and a tensor-basis neural network (TBNN). We found that the diagonal component of the Eddington tensor is reproduced better by the DNNs than the M1-closure relation especially for low to intermediate energies. For the off-diagonal component, the DNNs agree better with the Boltzmann solver than the M1 closure at large radii. In the comparison between the two DNNs, the TBNN has slightly better performance than the CWNN. With the new closure relations at hand based on the DNNs that well reproduce the Eddington tensor with much smaller costs, we opened up a new possibility for the moment method.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ
Graphene Spin Valve Devices
Creators: name: Hill, E. W.
name: Geim, A. K.
name: Novoselov, K.
name: Schedin, F.
name: Blake, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene - a single atomic layer of graphite - is a recently-found two-dimensional form of carbon, which exhibits high crystal quality and ballistic electron transport at room temperature. Soft magnetic NiFe electrodes have been used to inject polarized spins into graphene and a 10% change in resistance has been observed as the electrodes switch from the parallel to the antiparallel state. This coupled with the fact that a field effect electrode can modulate the conductivity of these graphene films makes them exciting potential candidates for spin electronic devices.
description: 3 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 5 of Cholinesterase inhibitor use in amyloid PET-negative mild cognitive impairment and cognitive changes
Creators: name: Pyun, Jung-Min
name: Park, Young Ho
name: Kang, Min Ju
name: Kim, SangYun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 5
Theoretical determination of lifetimes of metastable states in Sc III and Y III
Creators: name: Sahoo, B. K.
name: Nataraj, H. S.
name: Das, B. P.
name: Chaudhuri, R. K.
name: Mukherjee, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lifetimes of the first two metastable states in Sc^{2+} and Y^{2+} are determined using the relativistic coupled-cluster theory. There is a considerable interest in studying the electron correlation effects in these ions as though their electronic configurations are similar to the neutral alkali atoms, their structures are very different from the latter. We have made a comparative study of the correlation trends between the above doubly ionized systems with their corresponding neutral and singly ionized iso-electronic systems. The lifetimes of the excited states of these ions are very important in the field of astrophysics, especially for the study of post-main sequence evolution of the cool giant stars.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure and 5 tables
Additional file 6 of Cholinesterase inhibitor use in amyloid PET-negative mild cognitive impairment and cognitive changes
Creators: name: Pyun, Jung-Min
name: Park, Young Ho
name: Kang, Min Ju
name: Kim, SangYun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 6
XMM-Newton observations of Nova Sgr 1998
Creators: name: Hernanz, M.
name: Sala, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on X-ray observations of Nova Sagittarius 1998 (V4633 Sgr), performed with XMM-Newton at three different epochs, 934, 1083 and 1265 days after discovery. The nova was detected with the EPIC cameras at all three epochs, with emission spanning the whole energy range from 0.2 to 10 keV. The X-ray spectra do not change significantly at the different epochs, and are well fitted for the first and third observations with a multi-temperature optically thin thermal plasma, while lower statistics in the second observations lead to a poorer fit. The thermal plasma emission is most probably originated in the shock heated ejecta, with chemical composition similar to that of a CO nova. However, we can not completely rule out reestablished accretion as the origin of the emission. We also obtain upper limits for the temperature and luminosity of a potential white dwarf atmospheric component, and conclude that hydrogen burning had already turned-off by the time of our observations.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in Astrophysical Journal
Particle entrapment as a feedback effect
Creators: name: Shklyaev, Sergey V.
name: Straube, Arthur V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a suspension of polarizable particles under the action of traveling wave dielectrophoresis (DEP) and focus on particle induced effects. In a situation where the particles are driven by the DEP force, but no external forces are exerted on the fluid, the joint motion of the particles can induce a steady fluid flow, which leads to particle entrapment. This feedback effect is proven to be non-negligible even for small volume concentration of particles.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted
Exploring Bayesian Deep Learning for Urgent Instructor Intervention Need in MOOC Forums
Creators: name: Yu, Jialin
name: Alrajhi, Laila
name: Harit, Anoushka
name: Sun, Zhongtian
name: Cristea, Alexandra I.
name: Shi, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have become a popular choice for e-learning thanks to their great flexibility. However, due to large numbers of learners and their diverse backgrounds, it is taxing to offer real-time support. Learners may post their feelings of confusion and struggle in the respective MOOC forums, but with the large volume of posts and high workloads for MOOC instructors, it is unlikely that the instructors can identify all learners requiring intervention. This problem has been studied as a Natural Language Processing (NLP) problem recently, and is known to be challenging, due to the imbalance of the data and the complex nature of the task. In this paper, we explore for the first time Bayesian deep learning on learner-based text posts with two methods: Monte Carlo Dropout and Variational Inference, as a new solution to assessing the need of instructor interventions for a learner's post. We compare models based on our proposed methods with probabilistic modelling to its baseline non-Bayesian models under similar circumstances, for different cases of applying prediction. The results suggest that Bayesian deep learning offers a critical uncertainty measure that is not supplied by traditional neural networks. This adds more explainability, trust and robustness to AI, which is crucial in education-based applications. Additionally, it can achieve similar or better performance compared to non-probabilistic neural networks, as well as grant lower variance.
The Goldberger-Miyazawa-Oehme sum rule revisited
Creators: name: Abaev, V. V.
name: Metsä, P.
name: Sainio, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Goldberger-Miyazawa-Oehme sum rule is used to extract the pion-nucleon coupling constant from experimental $π$N information. Chiral perturbation theory is exploited in relating the pionic hydrogen s-wave level shift and width results to the appropriate scattering lengths. The deduced value for the coupling is $f^2 = 0.075 \pm 0.002$, where the largest source of uncertainty is the determination of the s-wave $π^- p$ scattering length from the atomic level shift measurement.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. v2: Revised the second last paragraph of 5th section and clarified the electromagnetic corrections (Tromborg vs. $\chi$PT). Also removed the KH80 slope from the fig. 1
Additional file 1 of Opportunities for African indigenous vegetables (AIVs): regulations in the vegetable seed sector in sub Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Mativavarira, Munyaradzi
name: Simango, Kennedy
name: Dube, Praxedis
name: Gasura, Edmore
name: Savadye, Dexter Tony
name: Mujaju, Claid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary material 1.