cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SALT: Standardized Audio event Label Taxonomy
Creators: name: Stamatiadis, Paraskevas
name: Olvera, Michel
name: Essid, Slim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Machine listening systems often rely on fixed taxonomies to organize and label audio data, key for training and evaluating deep neural networks (DNNs) and other supervised algorithms. However, such taxonomies face significant constraints: they are composed of application-dependent predefined categories, which hinders the integration of new or varied sounds, and exhibits limited cross-dataset compatibility due to inconsistent labeling standards. To overcome these limitations, we introduce SALT: Standardized Audio event Label Taxonomy. Building upon the hierarchical structure of AudioSet's ontology, our taxonomy extends and standardizes labels across 24 publicly available environmental sound datasets, allowing the mapping of class labels from diverse datasets to a unified system. Our proposal comes with a new Python package designed for navigating and utilizing this taxonomy, easing cross-dataset label searching and hierarchical exploration. Notably, our package allows effortless data aggregation from diverse sources, hence easy experimentation with combined datasets.
CMB lensing reconstruction using cut sky polarization maps and pure-$B$ modes
Creators: name: Pearson, Ruth
name: Sherwin, Blake
name: Lewis, Antony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed measurements of the CMB lensing signal are an important scientific goal of ongoing ground-based CMB polarization experiments, which are mapping the CMB at high resolution over small patches of the sky. In this work we simulate CMB polarization lensing reconstruction for the $EE$ and $EB$ quadratic estimators with current-generation noise levels and resolution, and show that without boundary effects the known and expected zeroth and first order $N^{(0)}$ and $N^{(1)}$ biases provide an adequate model for non-signal contributions to the lensing power spectrum estimators. Small sky areas present a number of additional challenges for polarization lensing reconstruction, including leakage of $E$ modes into $B$ modes. We show how simple windowed estimators using filtered pure-$B$ modes can greatly reduce the mask-induced mean-field lensing signal and reduce variance in the estimators. This provides a simple method (used with recent observations) that gives an alternative to more optimal but expensive inverse-variance filtering.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures; Minor corrections and clarifications to match accepted version
Dirac quantum time mirror
Creators: name: Reck, Phillipp
name: Gorini, Cosimo
name: Goussev, Arseni
name: Krueckl, Viktor
name: Fink, Mathias
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; REVERSAL; GRAPHENE; WAVES; DIFFRACTION; HOLOGRAPHY; SYSTEMS; SPACE;
subject: 530 Physik

description: Both metaphysical and practical considerations related to time inversion have intrigued scientists for generations. Physicists have strived to devise and implement time-inversion protocols, in particular different forms of "time mirrors" for classical waves. Here we propose an instantaneous time mirror for quantum systems, i.e., a controlled time discontinuity generating wave function echoes with high fidelities. This concept exploits coherent particle -hole oscillations in a Dirac spectrum in order to achieve population reversal, and can be implemented in systems such as (real or artificial) graphene.
Does supervision in multi-day travel surveys lead to higher quality? A comparison of two independent surveys
Creators: name: Kagerbauer, M.
name: Stark, J.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018
Subjects: Multi-day surveys
supervision
children
travel diary
fatigue
data quality

description: The aim of this paper is to analyze whether the level of supervision influences quality of response and results of multi-day surveys. For that reason, we compare a multi-day survey (seven consecutive days) with children and high level of supervision in Austria (UTS) with data of the same age group out of the Mobility Survey in the Greater Stuttgart Region (MOSt). The results show that supervision during the survey process has nearly no influence on fatigue effects. Nevertheless, the quality of answers in supervised surveys is be better in terms of reporting intermodality or trip stages.
Partition Functions and Casimir Energies in Higher Spin AdS_{d+1}/CFT_d
Creators: name: Giombi, Simone
name: Klebanov, Igor R.
name: Tseytlin, Arkady A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the one-loop free energy of higher spin (HS) theories in Euclidean AdS_{d+1} was calculated and matched with the order N^0 term in the free energy of the large N "vectorial" scalar CFT on the S^d boundary. Here we extend this matching to the boundary theory defined on S^1 x S^{d-1}, where the length of S^1 may be interpreted as the inverse temperature. It has been shown that the large N limit of the partition function on S^1 x S^2 in the U(N) singlet sector of the CFT of N free complex scalars matches the one-loop thermal partition function of the Vasiliev theory in AdS_4, while in the O(N) singlet sector of the CFT of N real scalars it matches the minimal theory containing even spins only. We extend this matching to all dimensions d. We also calculate partition functions for the singlet sectors of free fermion CFT's in various dimensions and match them with appropriately defined higher spin theories, which for d>3 contain massless gauge fields with mixed symmetry. In the zero-temperature case R x S^{d-1} we calculate the Casimir energy in the scalar or fermionic CFT and match it with the one-loop correction in the global AdS_{d+1}. For any odd-dimensional CFT the Casimir energy must vanish on general grounds, and we show that the HS duals obey this. In the U(N) symmetric case, we exhibit the vanishing of the regularized 1-loop Casimir energy of the dual HS theory in AdS_{d+1}. In the minimal HS theory the vacuum energy vanishes for odd d while for even d it is equal to the Casimir energy of a single conformal scalar in R x S^{d-1} which is again consistent with AdS/CFT, provided the minimal HS coupling constant is ~ 1/(N-1). We demonstrate analogous results for singlet sectors of theories of N Dirac or Majorana fermions. We also discuss extensions to CFT's containing N_f flavors in the fundamental representation of U(N) or O(N).
description: 43 pages. v3: minor changes, references added. Version published in PRD
Fritz Wyss (1881-1942) an Louis Rollier (1859-1931), mit Beilage
Creators: name: Wyss, Fritz
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1910

description: Brief aus Herzogenbuchsee.
Beilage: Fotoaufnahme einer plötzlichen Schichtenumbiegung am Ausgang der Kluse von Envelier, Val Terbi, aufgenommen im September 1910
Helicity conservation by flow across scales in reconnecting vortex links and knots
Creators: name: Scheeler, Martin W.
name: Kleckner, Dustin
name: Proment, Davide
name: Kindlmann, Gordon L.
name: Irvine, William T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conjecture that helicity (or knottedness) is a fundamental conserved quantity has a rich history in fluid mechanics, but the nature of this conservation in the presence of dissipation has proven difficult to resolve. Making use of recent advances, we create vortex knots and links in viscous fluids and simulated superfluids and track their geometry through topology changing reconnections. We find that the reassociation of vortex lines through a reconnection enables the transfer of helicity from links and knots to helical coils. This process is remarkably efficient, owing to the anti-parallel orientation spontaneously adopted by the reconnecting vortices. Using a new method for quantifying the spatial helicity spectrum, we find that the reconnection process can be viewed as transferring helicity between scales, rather than dissipating it. We also infer the presence of geometric deformations which convert helical coils into even smaller scale twist, where it may ultimately be dissipated. Our results suggest that helicity conservation plays an important role in fluids and related fields, even in the presence of dissipation.
description: Includes supplementary material (PDF) and 6 videos
Nanowire-based thermoelectric ratchet in the hopping regime
Creators: name: Bosisio, Riccardo
name: Fleury, Geneviève
name: Pichard, Jean-Louis
name: Gorini, Cosimo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: SILICON NANOWIRES; SEMICONDUCTOR NANOWIRES; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; PERFORMANCE; EFFICIENCY; REDUCTION; FIGURE; MERIT;
subject: 530 Physik

description: We study a thermoelectric ratchet consisting of an array of disordered nanowires arranged in parallel on top of an insulating substrate and contacted asymmetrically to two electrodes. Transport is investigated in the Mott hopping regime, when localized electrons can propagate through the nanowires via thermally assisted hops. When the electronic temperature in the nanowires is different from the phononic one in the substrate, we show that a finite electrical current is generated even in the absence of driving forces between the electrodes. We discuss the device performance both as an energy harvester, when an excess heat from the substrate is converted into useful power, and as a refrigerator, when an external power is supplied to cool down the substrate.
Semiclassics in a system without classical limit: The few-body spectrum of two interacting bosons in one dimension
Creators: name: Geiger, Benjamin
name: Urbina, Juan Diego
name: Hummel, Quirin
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: BOSE-GAS; ULTRACOLD GASES; WAVE-EQUATION; FINITE DOMAIN; EIGENFREQUENCIES; PARTICLE; ATOMS; BOX;
subject: 530 Physik

description: xWe present a semiclassical study of the spectrum of a few-body system consisting of two short-range interacting bosonic particles in one dimension, a particular case of a general class of integrable many-body systems where the energy spectrum is given by the solution of algebraic transcendental equations. By an exact mapping between delta-potentials and boundary conditions on the few-bodywave functions, we are able to extend previous semiclassical results for single-particle systems with mixed boundary conditions to the two-body problem. The semiclassical approach allows us to derive explicit analytical results for the smooth part of the two-body density of states that are in excellent agreement with numerical calculations. It further enables us to include the effect of bound states in the attractive case. Remarkably, for the particular case of two particles in one dimension, the discrete energy levels obtained through a requantization condition of the smooth density of states are essentially in perfect agreement with the exact ones.
Predictors of regular physical activity behavior and quality of life in post-menopausal Iranian women based on the multi-theory model
Creators: name: Hanna, Fahad
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Social determinants of health

description: This research aims to identify the predictive factors related to the initiation and sustaining of regular physical activity behaviors and their influence in adapting to menopausal symptoms. The study uses the multi-theory model (MTM) as the conceptual framework. The descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted on 200 post-menopausal women aged 45-55 years. All participants were referred to health centers, where they completed a three-part questionnaire involving: demographic information, a questionnaire on the influence of regular physical activity on the onset and sustaining of menopause using the MTM, and a standard questionnaire of menopausal quality of life. Data were collected, managed, and analyzed using SPSS 20 and AMOS 23 software. This study reveals that behavioral confidence and changes in the physical environment with coefficients of 0.55 and 0.14 respectively had a direct and significant impact on the initiation of regular physical activity-related behaviors during menopause. The construct of participatory dialogue had no significant impact on the initiation of regular physical activity-related behaviors and menopause. Regarding the sustainability of regular physical activity, the emotional transformation construct with a coefficient of 0.73 and change in social environment construct with a coefficient of 0.11 directly and significantly impact keeping regular physical activity behaviors due to menopause. Therefore, interventions based on the MTM can prove very useful for this specific population. In addition, the use of constructs validated by this study will especially be useful in producing evidence-based intervention for the target population. ©Carol Davila University Press.
Poly(ε-caprolactone) Scaffolds Fabricated by Melt Electrospinning for Bone Tissue Engineering
Creators: name: Berner, Arne
name: Zaiss, Sascha
name: Bron, Toby D.
name: Reichert, Johannes C.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FIBER DIAMETER; PHENOMENOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS; POLYCAPROLACTONE SCAFFOLDS; SURFACE MODIFICATION; CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE; POLYMER MELTS; IN-VITRO; CELLS; PROLIFERATION; melt electrospinning; osteoblast; tissue engineering; bone; ovine
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Melt electrospinning is a promising approach to manufacture biocompatible scaffolds for tissue engineering. In this study, melt electrospinning of poly(epsilon-caprolactone) onto structured, metallic collectors resulted in scaffolds with an average pore size of 250-300 mu m and an average fibre diameter of 15 mu m. Scaffolds were seeded with ovine osteoblasts in vitro. Cell proliferation and deposition of mineralised extracellular matrix was assessed using PicoGreen (R) (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Scoresby, Australia) andWAKO (R) HR II (WAKO, Osaka, Japan) calcium assays. Biocompatibility, cell infiltration and the growth pattern of osteoblasts on scaffolds was investigated using confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Osteoblasts proliferated on the scaffolds over an entire 40-day culture period, with excellent survival rates and deposited mineralized extracellular matrix. In general, the 3D environment of the structured melt electrospun scaffold was favourable for osteoblast cultures.
Contextualising evidence based medicine in determining the key root for translational effectiveness for chronic disease self-management and heart failure
Creators: name: Hanna, Fahad
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Respiratory diseases

description: Background: Congestive heart failure (CHF) management has proven devastating on morbidity, mortality, quality of life and also costly to health systems. Therapeutics for CHF have advanced and benefited greatly due to large multicentre randomised controlled trials and the evidence obtained from them. Management for chronic diseases and nonpharmaceutical therapies such as chronic disease self-management has lagged, and for CHF the evidence base has even been questioned. Methods: Perspective and non systematic mini review. Conclusions: Advancing translational research standards is important to achieve optimal cost effectiveness. Importantly is understanding evidence generation in medicine, identifying the primary roots for management and its translation.
Short-term plasticity as cause-effect hypothesis testing in distal reward learning
Creators: name: Soltoggio, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Asynchrony, overlaps and delays in sensory-motor signals introduce ambiguity as to which stimuli, actions, and rewards are causally related. Only the repetition of reward episodes helps distinguish true cause-effect relationships from coincidental occurrences. In the model proposed here, a novel plasticity rule employs short and long-term changes to evaluate hypotheses on cause-effect relationships. Transient weights represent hypotheses that are consolidated in long-term memory only when they consistently predict or cause future rewards. The main objective of the model is to preserve existing network topologies when learning with ambiguous information flows. Learning is also improved by biasing the exploration of the stimulus-response space towards actions that in the past occurred before rewards. The model indicates under which conditions beliefs can be consolidated in long-term memory, it suggests a solution to the plasticity-stability dilemma, and proposes an interpretation of the role of short-term plasticity.
description: Biological Cybernetics, September 2014
title: КИШЕЧНЫЙ ИЗОФЕРМЕНТ ЩЕЛОЧНОЙ ФОСФАТАЗЫ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ  АБДОМИНАЛЬНОЙ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОЙ ПАТОЛОГИИ
Creators: name: Чукарев, Владислав Сергеевич
name: Жидовинов, Алексей Александрович
name: Коханов, Александр Владимирович
name: Луцева, Оксана Алексеевна
Publisher: name: Астраханский государственный медицинский университет
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Цель исследования: сопоставить изменения спектров общей и кишечной изоформы щелочной фосфатазы в сыворотках крови и каловой суспензии у пациентов с ургентными заболеваниями, наиболее значимыми для абдоминальной хирургии. Материалы и методы. В образцах сывороток крови и фекальной эмульсии больных с острым аппендицитом, острой кишечной непроходимостью, перфоративной язвой и ущемленной грыжей исследовалась активность фермента щелочной фосфатазы и ее кишечного изофермента. Результаты исследования. Установлено, что активность кишечной щелочной фосфатазы сыворотки крови у пациентов с неосложненными формами острого аппендицита составляет 4 Ед/л, а в фекальной эмульсии 5 мЕд/г кала. При флегмонозном остром аппендиците активность кишечной щелочной фосфатазы составляет 7 Ед/л и 10 мЕд/г кала, отношения кишечной щелочной фосфатазы к щелочной фосфатазе – 2,5 %, при гангренозном – 9 Ед/л, 12 мЕд/г кала и отношение – 2,8 %, а при перфоративно-гангренозном остром аппендиците с развитием распространенного гнойного перитонита уровни кишечной щелочной фосфатазы составляют в сыворотке 12 Ед/л, в кале – 16 мЕд/г, отношение – 3,0 %. При тонкокишечной непроходимости уровни кишечной щелочной фосфатазы в сыворотке – 12 Ед/л, в кале – 21 мЕд/г и отношение – 3,3 %. При толстокишечной непроходимости, в том числе при острой толстокишечной непроходимости опухолевого генеза уровни кишечной щелочной фосфатазы в сыворотке составляют 11 Ед/л, в кале – 16 мЕд/г и отношение – 3,6 %. Максимальные цифры кишечной щелочной фосфатазы в сыворотке, в 6 раз превышающие цифры в группе сравнения, характерны для аппендикулярного перитонита и всех вариантов острой кишечной непроходимости. А максимальные цифры кишечной щелочной фосфатазы в фекальной эмульсии, почти в 6,5 раз превышающие цифры в группе сравнения, характерны для странгуляционной тонкокишечной непроходимости. Заключение. На основании полученных результатов сделан вывод, что максимальные цифры кишечной щелочной фосфатазы более 21 мЕд/г кала и отношение уровня кишечной щелочной фосфатазы к уровню щелочной фосфатазы 3,6 % характерны только для тонкокишечной непроходимости, а тест на КЩФ может иметь важное значение при острой абдоминальной хирургической патологии.
Non-Gaussianity after BICEP2
Creators: name: D'Amico, Guido
name: Kleban, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze primordial non-Gaussianity in single field inflationary models when the tensor/scalar ratio is large. Our results show that detectable levels of non-Gaussianity $f_{NL} \sim 50$ are still possible in the simplest class of models described by the effective theory of inflation. However, the shape is very tightly constrained, making a sharp prediction that could be confirmed or falsified by a future detection of non-Gaussianity.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. References and minor clarifications added. Version published in Phys. Rev. Lett
PROBLEMS FACING FIELD TRAINING STUDENTS IN JORDANIAN UNIVERSITIES
Creators: name: MOHAMMED ALI ABDALLAH MOMANI
name: FERYAL AL-KHATIB
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Problems, Field Training, Jordanian Universities.

description: Abstract
The study aimed to identify the problems facing field training students in Jordanian universities in light of some variables, and the study sample consisted of (278) male and female students. The results of the study showed that the level of problems with their dimensions came to a medium degree, and there were statistically significant differences in the problems and their dimensions according to the university variable in favor of the public university and the specialization variable except for two dimensions (the trainee student and the cooperating school) in favor of the class teacher; in the variable GPA except for my dimension (academic supervisor) in favor of the GPA more than 76; and the absence of differences in problems and their dimensions according to the gender variable (keywords: problems, field training, Jordanian universities).
MPEC 2023-G22 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 April 3)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A solid-analytical-based model for extracting cutter-workpiece engagement in 5-axis flank machining
Creators: name: Li, D.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Shang, T.
name: Gao, T.
name: Liu, S.
name: Fleischer, J.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018

description: 5-axis flank milling is applied extensively in aerospace, die-molds, and automotive industries because of high efficient material removal rate. Commercial CAM software can only simulate the tool path and collision at present, but cannot handle with cutting force during cutting process due to the variable geometrical cutter workpiece engagement (CWE) region of 5-axis milling. This paper presents a novel solid analytical model for extracting the CWE maps. The CWE is obtained analytically by performing Boolean operations between the cutter and inprocess-workpiece (IPW) at any given cutter location (CL) point, instead of using the cutter and the removal volume. The proposed process simulation method could identify the CWE efficiently and precisely for general cutting tools. Finally, the CWE boundaries are mapped from a 3D space into a 2D plane defined by the immersion angle and the axial depth of a given cutter. The proposed solution can be easily integrated into the CAM software for predicting milling force and optimizing parameters in 5-axis milling.
Representation of patients’ hand modulates fear reactions of patients with spider phobia in virtual reality
Creators: name: Diemer, Julia Elisabeth
name: Mühlberger, Andreas
name: Peperkorn, Henrik M.
name: Alpers, Georg W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: RUBBER HAND; EXPOSURE THERAPY; PERCEPTUAL CUES; PUBLIC SPEAKING; ANXIETY; INFORMATION; ATTENTION; ILLUSION; QUESTIONNAIRE; PREPAREDNESS; virtual reality; presence; immersion; perception; fear; specific phobia
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Embodiment (i.e., the involvement of a bodily representation) is thought to be relevant in emotional experiences. Virtual reality (VR) is a capable means of activating phobic fear in patients. The representation of the patient's body (e.g., the right hand) in VR enhances immersion and increases presence, but its effect on phobic fear is still unknown. We analyzed the influence of the presentation of the participant's hand in VR on presence and fear responses in 32 women with spider phobia and 32 matched controls. Participants sat in front of a table with an acrylic glass container within reaching distance. During the experiment this setup was concealed by ahead-mounted display (HMD). The VR scenario presented via HMD showed the same setup, i.e., a table with an acrylic glass container. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups. In one group, fear responses were triggered by fear-relevant visual input in VR (virtual spider in the virtual acrylic glass container), while information about a real but unseen neutral control animal (living snake in the acrylic glass container) was given. The second group received fear-relevant information of the real but unseen situation (living spider in the acrylic glass container), but visual input was kept neutral VR (virtual snake in the virtual acrylic glass container). Participants were instructed to touch the acrylic glass container with their right hand in 20 consecutive trials. Visibility of the hand was varied randomly in a within-subjects design. We found for all participants that visibility of the participant's hand increased presence independently of the fear trigger. However, in patients, the influence of the virtual hand on fear depended on the fear trigger. When fear was triggered perceptually, i.e., by a virtual spider, the virtual hand increased fear. When fear was triggered by information about a real spider, the virtual hand had no effect on fear. Our results shed light on the significance of different fear triggers (visual, conceptual) in interaction with body representations.
HortiMED Communication Plan
Creators: name: Ibañez, Nora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: HortiMED Communication Plan aims to define the project Communication Strategy and targeted measures for promoting the action itself and its results to a multitude of audiences, including the media and the public. The main aim of HortiMED communication activities will be to reach out society and show the impact and benefits EUfunded Innovation Actions, by showing the potential of HortiMED technologies to answer fundamental societal challenges, like increased climate change related constraints and evergrowing food demand.
description: Acknowledgments: The HortiMED project (Grant Number 1915) is part of the PRIMA Programme supported by the European Union.
Bubbly vertex dynamics: a dynamical and geometrical model for epithelial tissues with curved cell shapes
Creators: name: Ishimoto, Yukitaka
name: Morishita, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In order to describe two-dimensionally packed cells in epithelial tissues both mathematically and physically, there have been developed several sorts of geometrical models, such as the vertex model, the finite element model, the cell-centered model, the cellular Potts model. So far, in any case, pressures have not neatly been dealt with and curvatures of the cell boundaries have been even omitted through their approximations. We focus on these quantities and formulate them on the vertex model. Thus, a model with the curvatures is constructed and its algorithm is given for simulation. Its possible extensions and applications will also be discussed.
description: REVTex4.1, 25 pages in double column, 15 figures; revised explanations in Sec 2 with 3 figures (1 added, 2 revised), results unchanged, corrected typos, added references
Early reduced dopaminergic tone mediated by D3 receptor and dopamine transporter in absence epileptogenesis
Creators: name: Cavarec, Fanny
name: Krauss, Philipp
name: Witkowski, Tiffany
name: Broisat, Alexis
name: Ghezzi, Catherine
name: de Gois, Stéphanie
name: Giros, Bruno
name: Depaulis, Antoine
name: Deransart, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Abstract Objective In Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats From Strasbourg ( GAERS s), epileptogenesis takes place during brain maturation and correlates with increased mRNA expression of D3 dopamine receptors (D3R). Whether these alterations are the consequence of seizure repetition or contribute to the development of epilepsy remains to be clarified. Here, we addressed the involvement of the dopaminergic system in epilepsy onset in GAERS s. Methods Experiments were performed using rats at different stages of brain maturation from three strains according to their increasing propensity to develop absence seizures: nonepileptic control rats ( NEC s), Wistar Hannover rats, and GAERS s. Changes in dopaminergic neurotransmission were investigated using different behavioral and neurochemical approaches: autoradiography of D3R and dopamine transporter, single photon emission computed tomographic imaging, acute and chronic drug effects on seizure recordings (dopaminergic agonists and antagonists), quinpirole-induced yawns and dopamine synaptosomal uptake, microdialysis, brain tissue monoamines, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor quantification. Results Autoradiography revealed an increased expression of D3R in 14-day-old GAERS s, before absence seizure onset, that persists in adulthood, as compared to age-matched NEC s. This was confirmed by increased yawns, a marker of D3R activity, and increased seizures when animals were injected with quinpirole at low doses to activate D3R. We also observed a concomitant increase in the expression and activity of the dopamine transporter in GAERS s before seizure onset, consistent with both lowered dopamine basal level and increased phasic responses. Significance Our data show that the dopaminergic system is persistently altered in GAERS s, which may contribute not only to behavioral comorbidities but also as an etiopathogenic factor in the development of epilepsy. The data suggest that an imbalanced dopaminergic tone may contribute to absence epilepsy development and seizure onset, as its reversion by a chronic treatment with a dopamine stabilizer significantly suppressed epileptogenesis. Our data suggest a potential new target for antiepileptic therapies and/or improvement of quality of life of epileptic patients.
A CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE REGIONAL HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Mazelis, Lev S.
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: Living standards
Conceptual model
rating of regions
Clustering of regions
Development of the system

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 9, 5, 477-494
Cell size regulation in microorganisms
Creators: name: Amir, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various rod-shaped bacteria such as the canonical gram negative Escherichia coli or the well-studied gram positive Bacillus subtilis divide symmetrically after they approximately double their volume. Their size at division is not constant, but is typically distributed over a narrow range. Here, we propose an analytically tractable model for cell size control, and calculate the cell size and inter-division time distributions. We suggest ways of extracting the model parameters from experimental data. Existing data for E. coli supports partial size control, and a particular explanation: a cell attempts to add a constant volume from the time of initiation of DNA replication to the next initiation event. This hypothesis explains how bacteria control their tight size distributions and accounts for the experimentally observed correlations between parents and daughters as well as the exponential dependence of size on growth rate.
description: typos in bibliography corrected
The Effect of Trail Pheromone and Path Confinement on Learning of Complex Routes in the Ant Lasius niger
Creators: name: Czaczkes, Tomer J.
name: Weichselgartner, Tobias
name: Bernadou, Abel
name: Heinze, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: MELOPHORUS-BAGOTI; DESERT ANTS; LANDMARK GUIDANCE; FOOD RECRUITMENT; APIS-MELLIFERA; WOOD ANTS; BEHAVIOR; NAVIGATION; FORMICIDAE; MEMORY;
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Route learning is key to the survival of many central place foragers, such as bees and many ants. For ants which lay pheromone trails, the presence of a trail may act as an important source of information about whether an error has been made. The presence of trail pheromone has been demonstrated to support route learning, and the effect of pheromones on route choice have been reported to persist even after the pheromones have been removed. This could be explained in two ways: the pheromone may constrain the ants onto the correct route, thus preventing errors and aiding learning. Alternatively, the pheromones may act as a 'reassurance', signalling that the learner is on the right path and that learning the path is worthwhile. Here, we disentangle pheromone presence from route confinement in order to test these hypotheses, using the ant Lasius niger as a model. Unexpectedly, we did not find any evidence that pheromones support route learning. Indeed, there was no evidence that ants confined to the correct route learned at all. Thus, while we cannot support the 'reassurance' hypothesis, we can rule out the 'confinement' hypothesis. Other findings, such as a reduction in pheromone deposition in the presence of trail pheromones, are remarkably consistent with previous experiments. As previously reported, ants which make errors on their outward journey upregulate pheromone deposition on their return. Surprisingly, ants which would go on to make an error down-regulate pheromone deposition on their outward journey, hinting at a capacity for ants to gauge the quality of their own memories.
Codimension two index obstructions to positive scalar curvature
Creators: name: Hanke, Bernhard
name: Pape, Daniel
name: Schick, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive a general obstruction to the existence of Riemannian metrics of positive scalar curvature on closed spin manifolds in terms of hypersurfaces of codimension two. The proof is based on coarse index theory for Dirac operators that are twisted with Hilbert C*-module bundles. Along the way we give a complete and self-contained proof that the minimal closure of a Dirac type operator twisted with a Hilbert C*-module bundle on a complete Riemannian manifold is a regular and self-adjoint operator on the Hilbert C*-module of L2-sections of this bundle. Moreover, we give a new proof of Roe's vanishing theorem for the coarse index of the Dirac operator on a complete Riemannian manifold whose scalar curvature is uniformly positive outside of a compact subset. This proof immediately generalizes to Dirac operators twisted with Hilbert C*-module bundles.
description: 21 pages, v2: a few typos corrected, as pointed out by the referee. To appear in Annales Institute Fourier
Experimental Learning of a Hyperelastic Behavior with a Physics-Augmented Neural Network
Creators: name: Jailin, Clément
name: Benady, Antoine
name: Legroux, Remi
name: Baranger, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent development of Physics-Augmented Neural Networks (PANN) opens new opportunities for modeling material behaviors. These approaches have demonstrated their efficiency when trained on synthetic cases. This study aims to demonstrate the effectiveness of training PANN using real experimental data for modeling hyperelastic behavior. The approach involved two uni-axial experiments equipped with digital image correlation and force sensors. The tests achieved axial deformations exceeding 200% and presented non-linear responses. Twenty loading steps extracted from one experiment were used to train the PANN. The model architecture was optimized based on results from a validation dataset, utilizing equilibrium gap loss computed on six loading steps. Finally, 544 loading steps from the first experiment and 80 steps from a second independent experiment were used for testing purposes. The PANN model effectively captured the hyperelastic behavior across and beyond the training loads, showing superior performance compared to the standard Neo-Hookean model when assessed using various evaluation metrics. Training PANN with experimental mechanical data shows promising results, outperforming traditional modeling approaches.
description: Experimental Mechanics, 2024
A nodal domain theorem for integrable billiards in two dimensions
Creators: name: Samajdar, Rhine
name: Jain, Sudhir R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q50, 37D50

description: Eigenfunctions of integrable planar billiards are studied - in particular, the number of nodal domains, $ν$, of the eigenfunctions are considered. The billiards for which the time-independent Schrödinger equation (Helmholtz equation) is separable admit trivial expressions for the number of domains. Here, we discover that for all separable and non-separable integrable billiards, $ν$ satisfies certain difference equations. This has been possible because the eigenfunctions can be classified in families labelled by the same value of $m\mod kn$, given a particular $k$, for a set of quantum numbers, $m, n$. Further, we observe that the patterns in a family are similar and the algebraic representation of the geometrical nodal patterns is found. Instances of this representation are explained in detail to understand the beauty of the patterns. This paper therefore presents a mathematical connection between integrable systems and difference equations.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
The superfluid density in continuous and discrete spaces: Avoiding misconceptions
Creators: name: Rousseau, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the concept of superfluidity and, based on real and thought experiments, we use the formalism of second quantization to derive expressions that allow the calculation of the superfluid density for general Hamiltonians with path-integral methods. It is well known that the superfluid density can be related to the response of the free energy to a boundary phase-twist, or to the fluctuations of the winding number. However, we show that this is true only for a particular class of Hamiltonians. In order to treat other classes, we derive general expressions of the superfluid density that are valid for various Hamiltonians. While the winding number is undefined when the number of particles is not conserved, our general expressions allow us to calculate the superfluid density in all cases. We also provide expressions of the superfluid densities associated to the individual components of multi-species Hamiltonians, which remain valid when inter-species conversions occur. The cases of continuous and discrete spaces are discussed, and we emphasize common mistakes that occur when considering lattices with non-orthonormal primitive vectors.
description: 11 figures
title: КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ СЛУЧАИ СОХРАНЕНИЯ РЕПРОДУКТИВНОЙ ФУНКЦИИ  У ЖЕНЩИН С ПЕРИТОНИТОМ ПОСЛЕ КЕСАРЕВА СЕЧЕНИЯ
Creators: name: Дабузов, Абакар Шевкетович
Publisher: name: Астраханский государственный медицинский университет
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: В статье представлено описание двух клинических случаев выполнения органосохраняющих операций при расхождении швов на матке после кесарева сечения и развитии перитонита. Обоснована возможность проведения органосохраняющей технологии при отсутствии симптомов полиорганной недостаточности. Предложен способ проведения операции метропластики с применением в послеоперационном периоде модифицированного метода лимфотропной терапии. Представлен благоприятный катамнез прооперированных родильниц.
More nonlocality with less entanglement in a tripartite atom-optomechanical system
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
name: Zhang, Tiancai
name: Xuereb, André
name: Vitali, David
name: Li, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum effects in hybrid atomic optomechanics in a system comprising a cloud of atoms and a mobile mirror mediated by a single-mode cavity. Tripartite nonlocality is observed in the atom-light-mirror system, as demonstrated by the violation of the Mermin-Klyshko (MK) inequality. It has been shown [C. Genes, et al., PRA 77, 050307 (R) (2008)] that tripartite entanglement is optimized when the cavity is resonant with the anti-Stokes sideband of the driving laser and the atomic frequency matches the Stokes one. However, we show that this is not the case for the nonlocality. The MK function achieves {\it minima} when the atoms are resonant with both the Stokes and anti-Stokes sidebands, and unexpectedly, we find violation of the MK inequality only in a parameter region where entanglement is far from being maximum. A negative relation exists between nonlocality and entanglement with consideration of the possibility of bipartite nonlocality in the violation of the MK inequality. We also study the non-classicality of the mirror by post-selected measurements, e.g. Geiger-like detection, on the cavity and/or the atoms. We show that with feasible parameters Geiger-like detection on the atoms can effectively induce mechanical non-classicality.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in the special issue "Quantum and Hybrid Mechanical Systems - From Fundamentals to Applications" in Annalen der Physik
ВРЕМЕННЫЕ ФОРМЫ В ПРЕДАТОЧНЫХ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯХ
Creators: name: Сержанова Аипарша Кутлымуратовна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Аннотация. В данном исследование отражено временные формы в придаточных предложениях и их правило согласования  в английском языке. 
      Ключевые слова: главное предложение;  придаточные предложение; придаточное дополнительное предложение;  настоящее, прошедшее и будушее формы;
HortiMED Dissemination and Marketing Plan
Creators: name: Ibañez, Nora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: HortiMED Dissemination and Marketing Plan aims to define the dissemination and marketing strategies of HortiMED in order to ensure that project results are appropriately disseminated and the uptake of HortiMED technologies is fostered at Mediterranean level. The dissemination activities are necessary to create and enhance the awareness of the community to the achieved results of the HortiMED Project. The objective of the HortiMED Dissemination and Marketing Plan is to communicate results to the stakeholders so that feedback can be retrieved in time for the progress of our work. The dissemination and marketing plan hereby presented establishes the main goals and the strategy for the HortiMED consortium to develop the necessary actions on a regular basis for all interested players.
description: Acknowledgments: The HortiMED project (Grant Number 1915) is part of the PRIMA Programme supported by the European Union.
Non-equilibrium version of the Einstein relation
Creators: name: Hurowitz, Daniel
name: Cohen, Doron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The celebrated Einstein relation between the diffusion coefficient $D$ and the drift velocity $v$ is violated in non-equilibrium circumstances. We analyze how this violation emerges for the simplest example of a Brownian motion on a lattice, taking into account the interplay between the periodicity, the randomness and the asymmetry of the transition rates. Based on the non-equilibrium fluctuation theorem the $v/D$ ratio is found to be a non-linear function of the affinity. Hence it depends in a non-trivial way on the microscopics of the sample.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, an improved version with an additional section
Neutrino masses, leptogenesis, and sterile neutrino dark matter
Creators: name: Tsuyuki, Takanao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a scenario in which the lightest heavy neutrino $N_1$ is a dark matter candidate and the second- heaviest neutrino $N_2$ decays producing a lepton number. If $N_1$ were in thermal equilibrium, its energy density today would be much larger than that of the observed dark matter, so we consider energy injection by the decay of $N_2$. In this paper, we show the parameters of this scenario that give the correct abundances of dark matter and baryonic matter and also induce the observed neutrino masses. This model can explain a possible sterile neutrino dark matter signal of $M_1$=7 keV in the x-ray observation of x-ray multi-mirror mission.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, v3:published version
Supplemental materials from Temperature regime during embryogenesis alters subsequent behavioural phenotypes of juvenile brown trout
Creators: name: Takatsu, Kunio
name: Selz, Oliver M.
name: Brodersen, Jakob
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Detailed descriptions of experimental methods and statistical analysis.
Malleability of Racism - Ignorance
Creators: name: Rose, Hope
name: King, Laura A.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Do people believe a racist’s attitudes can be changed? And does this matter if the racist is perceived as being ignorant of the harm of racism?