cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2 of A 14-bp insertion in endothelin receptor B-like (EDNRB2) is associated with white plumage in Chinese geese
Creators: name: Xi, Yang
name: Wang, Lei
name: Liu, Hehe
name: Ma, Shengchao
name: Li, Yanying
name: Li, Liang
name: Wang, Jiwen
name: Chunchun, Han
name: Bai, Lili
name: Mustafa, Ahsan
name: He, Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. The synteny blocks analysis of candidate region. Different colors represent different genes. Arrow direction is the direction of gene transcription.
Terahertz Emission from Compensated Magnetic Heterostructures
Creators: name: Chen, Mengji
name: Mishra, Rahul
name: Wu, Yang
name: Lee, Kyusup
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terahertz emission spectroscopy (TES) has recently played an important role in unveiling the spin dynamics at a terahertz (THz) frequency range. So far, ferromagnetic (FM)/nonmagnetic (NM) heterostructures have been intensively studied as THz sources. Compensated magnets such as a ferrimagnet (FIM) and antiferromagnet (AFM) are other types of magnetic materials with interesting spin dynamics. In this work, we study TES from compensated magnetic heterostructures including CoGd FIM alloy or IrMn AFM layers. Systematic measurements on composition and temperature dependences of THz emission from CoGd/Pt bilayer structures are conducted. It is found that the emitted THz field is determined by the net spin polarization of the laser induced spin current rather than the net magnetization. The temperature robustness of the FIM based THz emitter is also demonstrated. On the other hand, an AFM plays a different role in THz emission. The IrMn/Pt bilayer shows negligible THz signals, whereas Co/IrMn induces sizable THz outputs, indicating that IrMn is not a good spin current generator, but a good detector. Our results not only suggest that a compensated magnet can be utilized for robust THz emission, but also provide a new approach to study the magnetization dynamics especially near the magnetization compensation point.
Weighing the universe with accelerators and detectors
Creators: name: Brhlik, Michal
name: Chung, Daniel J. H.
name: Kane, Gordon L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppose the lightest superpartner (LSP) is observed at colliders, and WIMPs are detected in explicit experiments. We point out that one cannot immediately conclude that cold dark matter (CDM) of the universe has been observed, and we determine what measurements are necessary before such a conclusion is meaningful. We discuss the analogous situation for neutrinos and axions; in the axion case we have not found a way to conclude axions are the CDM even if axions are detected.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures; minor changes included and typos fixed
Scatterplot Matrices of the Geomorphic Structure of the Mariana Trench at Four Tectonic Plates (Pacific, Philippine, Mariana and Caroline): a Geostatistical Analysis by R
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80308 Programming Languages
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A functionality of R programming language has been tested in the scope of this research. It proved to be as an effective tool for studying distribution of the environmental factors affecting the tectonic structure, as well as geomorphic properties at the seafloor basement of the Mariana Trench. The study revealed distinct unevenness of various factors affecting Mariana Trench geomorphic structure. The bathymetric determinant of the four distinct groups of the cross section profiles cause certain variability in the sedimental thickness of the basement, slope angle steepness degree, angle aspect, depth at the basement, as well as depth values (means, median and absolute minimum). Among other factors a magmatism of the nearby area is to be mention. The closeness of the igneous volcanic areas contribute towards earthquake frequency across four tectonic plates – Mariana, Pacific, Philippine Sea and Caroline. The results demonstrated that cross-section profiles of the Mariana Trench can be divided into clusters according to their properties, such as bathymetric (depth values), geographic (latitude and longitude), geological (width of the sedimental thickness layer), magmatism (large igneous polygon areas) and tectonic (location of the tectonic plates nearby).
Ping-pong in Hadamard manifolds
Creators: name: Dey, Subhadip
name: Kapovich, Michael
name: Liu, Beibei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 22E40, 53C20, 57N16

description: In this paper, we prove a quantitative version of the Tits alternative for negatively pinched manifolds $X$. Precisely, we prove that a nonelementary discrete isometry subgroup of $\mathrm{Isom}(X)$ generated by two non-elliptic isometries $g$, $f$ contains a free subgroup of rank $2$ generated by isometries $f^N , h$ of uniformly bounded word length. Furthermore, we show that this free subgroup is convex-cocompact when $f$ is hyperbolic.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Affine Poisson and affine quasi-Poisson T-duality
Creators: name: Klimcik, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the Poisson-Lie T-duality by making use of the structure of the affine Poisson group which is the concept introduced some time ago in Poisson geometry as a generalization of the Poisson-Lie group. We also introduce a new notion of an affine quasi-Poisson group and show that it gives rise to a still more general T-duality framework. We establish for a class of examples that this new T-duality is compatible with the renormalization group flow.
description: 36 pages, Section 7 is added which explains the relations of the affine (quasi-)Poisson T-duality to the theory of dressing cosets, there are some stylistic improvements also in other sections
Competitive epidemic networks with multiple survival-of-the-fittest outcomes
Creators: name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Anderson, Brian D. O.
name: Janson, Axel
name: Gracy, Sebin
name: Johansson, Karl H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We use a deterministic model to study two competing viruses spreading over a two-layer network in the Susceptible--Infected--Susceptible (SIS) framework, and address a central problem of identifying the winning virus in a "survival-of-the-fittest" battle. Existing sufficient conditions ensure that the same virus always wins regardless of initial states. For networks with an arbitrary but finite number of nodes, there exists a necessary and sufficient condition that guarantees local exponential stability of the two equilibria corresponding to each virus winning the battle, meaning that either of the viruses can win, depending on the initial states. However, establishing existence and finding examples of networks with more than three nodes that satisfy such a condition has remained unaddressed. In this paper, we prove that, for any arbitrary number of nodes, such networks exist. We do this by proving that given almost any network layer of one virus, there exists a network layer for the other virus such that the resulting two-layer network satisfies the aforementioned condition. To operationalize our findings, a four-step procedure is developed to reliably and consistently design one of the network layers, when given the other layer. Conclusions from numerical case studies, including a real-world mobility network that captures the commuting patterns for people between $107$ provinces in Italy, extend on the theoretical result and its consequences.
description: Submitted to Physical Review E on 2021-Nov-02. Revised version submitted 2022-Sept-22. New version submitted to Systems and Control Letters 2023-Jan-19
Modular $A_4$ invariance and neutrino mixing
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Omoto, Naoya
name: Shimizu, Yusuke
name: Takagi, Kenta
name: Tanimoto, Morimitsu
name: Tatsuishi, Takuya H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenological implications of the modular symmetry $Γ(3) \simeq A_4$ of lepton flavors facing recent experimental data of neutrino oscillations. The mass matrices of neutrinos and charged leptons are essentially given by fixing the expectation value of modulus $τ$, which is the only source of modular invariance breaking. We introduce no flavons in contrast with the conventional flavor models with $A_4$ symmetry. We classify our neutrino models along with the type I seesaw model, the Weinberg operator model and the Dirac neutrino model. In the normal hierarchy of neutrino masses, the seesaw model is available by taking account of recent experimental data of neutrino oscillations and the cosmological bound of sum of neutrino masses. The predicted $\sin^2θ_{23}$ is restricted to be larger than $0.54$ and $δ_{CP}=\pm (50^{\circ}\mbox{--}180^{\circ})$. Since the correlation of $\sin^2θ_{23}$ and $δ_{CP}$ is sharp, the prediction is testable in the future. It is remarkable that the effective mass $m_{ee}$ of the neutrinoless double beta decay is around $22$\,meV while the sum of neutrino masses is predicted to be $145$\,meV. On the other hand, for the inverted hierarchy of neutrino masses, only the Dirac neutrino model is consistent with the experimental data.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables, major modifications
Schulungsmaterialien zu RDMO & fachspezifische Lern- und Informationsangebote für das geisteswissenschaftliche Forschungsdatenmanagement
Creators: name: Wuttke, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: research data management
data management plan
humanities
digital humanities
open science

description: Zusammenstellung einer Übersicht von Schulungsmaterialien zu RDMO (Research Data Management Organiser) und zum Forschungsdatenmanagement (mit Schwerpunkt Geisteswissenschaften) für einen Workshop an der Universität Hildesheim.
Hierarchical Distribution Matching for Probabilistically Shaped Coded Modulation
Creators: name: Yoshida, Tsuyoshi
name: Karlsson, Magnus
name: Agrell, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The implementation difficulties of combining distribution matching (DM) and dematching (invDM) for probabilistic shaping (PS) with soft-decision forward error correction (FEC) coding can be relaxed by reverse concatenation, for which the FEC coding and decoding lies inside the shaping algorithms. PS can seemingly achieve performance close to the Shannon limit, although there are practical implementation challenges that need to be carefully addressed. We propose a hierarchical DM (HiDM) scheme, having fully parallelized input/output interfaces and a pipelined architecture that can efficiently perform the DM/invDM without the complex operations of previously proposed methods such as constant composition DM (CCDM). Furthermore, HiDM can operate at a significantly larger post-FEC bit error rate (BER) for the same post-invDM BER performance, which facilitates simulations. These benefits come at the cost of a slightly larger rate loss and required signal-to-noise ratio at a given post-FEC BER.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Normalization of the chiral condensate in the massive Schwinger model
Creators: name: Adam, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within mass perturbation theory, already the first order contribution to the chiral condensate of the massive Schwinger model is UV divergent. We discuss the problem of choosing a proper normalization and, by making use of some bosonization results, we are able to choose a normalization so that the resulting chiral condensate may be compared, e.g., with lattice data.
description: Latex file, 8 pages, 1 figure, needed macro: psbox.tex
Extendable periodic automorphisms of closed surfaces over the 3-sphere
Creators: name: Wang, Chao
name: Wang, Weibiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M60, 57S17, 57S25

description: A periodic automorphism of a surface $Σ$ is said to be extendable over $S^3$ if it extends to a periodic automorphism of the pair $(S^3,Σ)$ for some possible embedding $Σ\to S^3$. We classify and construct all extendable automorphisms of closed surfaces, with orientation-reversing cases included. Moreover, they can all be induced by automorphisms of $S^3$ on Heegaard surfaces. As a by-product, the embeddings of surfaces into lens spaces are discussed.
Convergence and Equilibria Analysis of a Networked Bivirus Epidemic Model
Creators: name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Anderson, Brian D. O.
name: Liu, Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 34D05, 34C12, 37C65, 92D30

description: This paper studies a networked bivirus model, in which two competing viruses spread across a network of interconnected populations; each node represents a population with a large number of individuals. The viruses may spread through possibly different network structures, and an individual cannot be simultaneously infected with both viruses. Focusing on convergence and equilibria analysis, a number of new results are provided. First, we show that for networks with generic system parameters, there exist a finite number of equilibria. Exploiting monotone systems theory, we further prove that for bivirus networks with generic system parameters, then convergence to an equilibrium occurs for all initial conditions, except possibly for a set of measure zero. Given the network structure of one virus, a method is presented to construct an infinite family of network structures for the other virus that results in an infinite number of equilibria in which both viruses coexist. Necessary and sufficient conditions are derived for the local stability/instability of boundary equilibria, in which one virus is present and the other is extinct. A sufficient condition for a boundary equilibrium to be almost globally stable is presented. Then, we show how to use monotone systems theory to generate conclusions on the ordering of stable and unstable equilibria, and in some instances identify the number of equilibria via rapid simulation testing. Last, we provide an analytical method for computing equilibria in networks with only two nodes, and show that it is possible for a bivirus network to have an unstable coexistence equilibrium and two locally stable boundary equilibria.
description: This is a revised manuscript currently under peer review in SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization (SICON). First version submitted to SICON on 14-Oct-2020
The influence of continuum radiation fields on hydrogen radio recombination lines
Creators: name: Prozesky, Andri
name: Smits, Derck P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculations of hydrogen departure coefficients using a model with the angular momentum quantum levels resolved that includes the effects of external radiation fields are presented. The stimulating processes are important at radio frequencies and can influence level populations. New numerical techniques with a solid mathematical basis have been incorporated into the model to ensure convergence of the solution. Our results differ from previous results by up to 20 per cent. A direct solver with a similar accuracy but more efficient than the iterative method is used to evaluate the influence of continuum radiation on the hydrogen population structure. The effects on departure coefficients of continuum radiation from dust, the cosmic microwave background, the stellar ionising radiation, and free-free radiation are quantified. Tables of emission and absorption coefficients for interpreting observed radio recombination lines are provided.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exploiting AWG Free Spectral Range Periodicity in Distributed Multicast Architectures
Creators: name: Keykhosravi, Kamran
name: Rastegarfar, Houman
name: Peyghambarian, Nasser
name: Agrell, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modular optical switch architectures combining wavelength routing based on arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) devices and multicasting based on star couplers hold promise for flexibly addressing the exponentially growing traffic demands in a cost- and power-efficient fashion. In a default switching scenario, an input port of the AWG is connected to an output port via a single wavelength. This can severely limit the capacity between broadcast domains, resulting in interdomain traffic switching bottlenecks. In this paper, we examine the possibility of resolving capacity bottlenecks by exploiting multiple AWG free spectral ranges (FSRs), i.e., setting up multiple parallel connections between each pair of broadcast domains. To this end, we introduce a multi-FSR scheduling algorithm for interconnecting broadcast domains by fairly distributing the wavelength resources among them. We develop a general-purpose analytical framework to study the blocking probabilities in a multistage switching scenario and compare our results with Monte Carlo simulations. Our study points to significant improvements with a moderate increase in the number of FSRs. We show that an FSR count beyond four results in diminishing returns. Furthermore, to investigate the trade-offs between the network- and physical-layer effects, we conduct a cross-layer analysis, taking into account pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and rate-adaptive forward error correction (FEC). We illustrate how the effective bit rate per port increases with an increase in the number of FSRs. %We also look at the advantages of an impairment-aware scheduling strategy in a multi-FSR switching scenario.
SIGNATURES OF CP-VIOLATION IN THE PRESENCE OF MULTIPLE B-PAIR PRODUCTION AT HADRON COLLIDER
Creators: name: Halzen, F.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Stelzer, T.
name: Vazquez, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the production of 2 b-quark pairs in hadron collisions. Sources of multiple pairs are multiple interactions and higher order perturbative QCD mechanisms. We subsequently investigate the competing effects of multiple b-pair production on measurements of CP-violation: i) the increase in event rate with multiple b-pair cross sections which may reach values of order 1 barn in the presence of multiple interactions and ii) the dilution of $b$ versus $\bar b$ tagging efficiency because of the presence of events with 4 $B$-mesons. The impact of multiple $B$-meson production is small unless the cross section for producing a single pair exceeds 1~mb. We show that even for larger values of the cross section the competing effects i) and ii) roughly compensate so that there is no loss in the precision with which CP-violating CKM angles can be determined.
description: 14 pages, Latex file using ReVTeX. 7 figures. To Appear in Phys Rev D
Entanglement entropy on finitely ramified graphs
Creators: name: Akal, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the entanglement entropy in a composite system separated by a finitely ramified boundary with the structure of a self-similar lattice graph. We derive the entropy as a function of the decimation factor which determines the spectral dimension, the latter being generically different from the topological dimension. For large decimations, the graph becomes increasingly dense, yielding a gain in the entanglement entropy which, in the asymptotically smooth limit, approaches a constant value. Conversely, a small decimation factor decreases the entanglement entropy due to a large number of spectral gaps which regulate the amount of information crossing the boundary. In line with earlier studies, we also comment on similarities with certain holographic formulations. Finally, we calculate the higher order corrections in the entanglement entropy which possess a log-periodic oscillatory behavior.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, references added, to be published in PRD
Nonlinearity Mitigation in WDM Systems: Models, Strategies, and Achievable Rates
Creators: name: Secondini, Marco
name: Agrell, Erik
name: Forestieri, Enrico
name: Marsella, Domenico
name: Camara, Menelaos Ralli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: After reviewing models and mitigation strategies for interchannel nonlinear interference (NLI), we focus on the frequency-resolved logarithmic perturbation model to study the coherence properties of NLI. Based on this study, we devise an NLI mitigation strategy which exploits the synergic effect of phase and polarization noise compensation (PPN) and subcarrier multiplexing with symbol-rate optimization. This synergy persists even for high-order modulation alphabets and Gaussian symbols. A particle method for the computation of the resulting achievable information rate and spectral efficiency (SE) is presented and employed to lower-bound the channel capacity. The dependence of the SE on the link length, amplifier spacing, and presence or absence of inline dispersion compensation is studied. Single-polarization and dual-polarization scenarios with either independent or joint processing of the two polarizations are considered. Numerical results show that, in links with ideal distributed amplification, an SE gain of about 1 bit/s/Hz/polarization can be obtained (or, in alternative, the system reach can be doubled at a given SE) with respect to single-carrier systems without PPN mitigation. The gain is lower with lumped amplification, increases with the number of spans, decreases with the span length, and is further reduced by in-line dispersion compensation. For instance, considering a dispersion-unmanaged link with lumped amplification and an amplifier spacing of 60 km, the SE after 80 spans can be be increased from 4.5 to 4.8 bit/s/Hz/polarization, or the reach raised up to 100 spans (+25%) for a fixed SE.
description: Submitted to Journal of Lightwave Technology
MOESM1 of Perceptions, behaviours, barriers and needs of evidence-based medicine in primary care in Beijing: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Zhao, Yali
name: Zhao, Xuexue
name: Liu, Yanli
name: Wei, Yun
name: Jin, Guanghui
name: Shao, Shuang
name: Lu, Xiaoqin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interview guides. A translated edition of the interview guides for four focus groups with the themes concerning GPsâ€™ understanding of EBM, their clinical behaviour regarding EBM, existing barriers to implementing EBM, and needs of EBM.
Sediment Particle Size analysis: Report on Grain Size Experiment
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Current research report results of the sediment size measurements. Different size sediment grains form different types of rocks and can reveal information about the landform and environment of an area from millions of years prior. Types of sediment grains were measured in the laboratory and the data processed using statistical analsysis (R programming). Sediments are classified by their method of erosion as either clastic or chemical. Chemical sediment is broken down through chemical weathering with transportation, a process known as corrosion, or without. The results are presented as plotted graphs supported by R scripts.
Formation of very low mass stars and brown dwarfs: the case of dark cloud Barnard 35
Creators: name: Beamin, Juan Carlos
name: Bayo, Amelia
name: Maucó, Karina
name: , Johan
name: , Itziar
name: , Nuria
name: , Aina
name: , David
name: , Oscar
name: , Hervé
name: , Carlos
name: , Javier
name: , Karla
name: , Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: brown dwarf
stellar formation
multiwavelength
ALMA
proto brown dwarf

description: Identifying and confirming pre and proto brown dwarfs require significant observational effort, given they intrinsic low luminosities, and distances towards star forming region. Our group has focused to search for new candidates in different star forming regions, particularly in the Orion complex. Here we present preliminary results of the search for very low mass objects in the Barnard 35 dark cloud located near the lambda Orionis star forming region. Through multiwavelength analysis, from X-rays to radio, including mid infrared Spitzer, ALMA continuum observations, and optical and near infrared spectroscopy, we identify new very low mass objects and estimate physical properties such us bolometric luminosities, accretion, etc.
Finding the Missing Baryons with Fast Radio Bursts and Sunyaev-Zeldovich Maps
Creators: name: Muñoz, Julian B.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Almost a third of the cosmic baryons are "missing" at low redshifts, as they reside in the invisible warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). The thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (tSZ) effect, which measures the line-of-sight integral of the plasma pressure, can potentially detect this WHIM, although its expected signal is hidden below the noise. Extragalactic dispersion measures (DMs)---obtained through observations of fast radio bursts (FRBs)---are excellent tracers of the WHIM, as they measure the column density of plasma, regardless of its temperature. Here we propose cross correlating DMs and tSZ maps as a new way to find and characterize the missing baryons in the WHIM. Our method relies on the precise ($\sim$ arcminute) angular localization of FRBs to assign each burst a DM and a $y$ parameter. We forecast that the signal from the WHIM should be confidently detected in a cross-correlation analysis of $\sim10^4$ FRBs, expected to be gathered in a year of operation of the upcoming CHIME and HIRAX radio arrays, confirming the recent tentative detections of filamentary WHIM. Using this technique, future CMB probes (which might lower the tSZ noise) could determine both the temperature of the WHIM and its evolution to within tens of percent. Altogether, DM-tSZ cross correlations hold great promise for studying the baryons in the local Universe.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, updated to match accepted version
Experimental and Theoretical Electronic Structure and Symmetry Effects in Ultrathin NbSe2 Films
Creators: name: Xu, Cai-Zhi
name: Wang, Xiaoxiong
name: Chen, Peng
name: Flototto, David
name: Hlevyack, Joseph Andrew
name: Lin, Meng-Kai
name: Bian, Guang
name: Mo, Sung-Kwan
name: Chiang, Tai-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layered quasi-two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), which can be readily made in ultrathin films, offer excellent opportunities for studying how dimensionality affects electronic structure and physical properties. Among all TMDCs, NbSe2 is of special interest; bulk NbSe2 hosts a charge-density-wave phase at low temperatures and has the highest known superconducting transition temperature, and these properties can be substantially modified in the ultrathin film limit. Motivated by these effects, we report herein a study of few-layer NbSe2 films, with a well-defined single-domain orientation, epitaxially grown on Gallium Arsenide (GaAs). Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) was used to determine the electronic band structure and the Fermi surface as a function of layer thickness; first-principles band structure calculations were performed for comparison. The results show interesting changes as the film thickness increases from a monolayer (ML) to several layers. The most notable changes occur between a ML and a bilayer, where the inversion symmetry in bulk NbSe2 is preserved in the bilayer but not in the ML. The results illustrate some basic dimensional effects and provide a basis for further exploring and understanding the properties of NbSe2.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
How to Increase the Achievable Information Rate by Per-Channel Dispersion Compensation
Creators: name: Keykhosravi, Kamran
name: Secondini, Marco
name: Durisi, Giuseppe
name: Agrell, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deploying periodic inline chromatic dispersion compensation enables reducing the complexity of the digital back propagation (DBP) algorithm. However, compared with nondispersion-managed (NDM) links, dispersion-managed (DM) ones suffer a stronger cross-phase modulation (XPM). Utilizing per-channel dispersion-managed (CDM) links (e.g., using fiber Bragg grating) allows for a complexity reduction of DBP, while abating XPM compared to DM links. In this paper, we show for the first time that CDM links enable also a more effective XPM compensation compared to NDM ones, allowing a higher achievable information rate (AIR). This is explained by resorting to the frequency-resolved logarithmic perturbation model and showing that per-channel dispersion compensation increases the frequency correlation of the distortions induced by XPM over the channel bandwidth, making them more similar to a conventional phase noise. We compare the performance (in terms of the AIR) of a DM, an NDM, and a CDM link, considering two types of mismatched receivers: one neglects the XPM phase distortion and the other compensates for it. With the former, the CDM link is inferior to the NDM one due to an increased in-band signal--noise interaction. However, with the latter, a higher AIR is obtained with the CDM link than with the NDM one owing to a higher XPM frequency correlation. The DM link has the lowest AIR for both receivers because of a stronger XPM.
Inference of stochastic parameterizations for model error treatment using nested ensemble Kalman filters
Creators: name: Scheffler, Guillermo
name: Ruiz, Juan
name: Pulido, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stochastic parameterizations are increasingly being used to represent the uncertainty associated with model errors in ensemble forecasting and data assimilation. One of the challenges associated with the use of these parameterizations is the optimization of the properties of the stochastic forcings within their formulation. In this work a hierarchical data assimilation approach based on two nested ensemble Kalman filters is proposed for inferring parameters associated with a stochastic parameterization. The proposed technique is based on the Rao-Blackwellization of the parameter estimation problem. The technique consists in using an ensemble of ensemble Kalman filters, each of them using a different set of stochastic parameter values. We show the ability of the technique to infer parameters related to the covariance structure of stochastic representations of model error in the Lorenz-96 dynamical system. The evaluation is conducted with stochastic twin experiments and imperfect model experiments with unresolved physics in the forecast model. The proposed technique performs successfully under different model error covariance structures. The technique is proposed to be applied offline as part of an a priori optimization of the data assimilation system and could in principle be extended to the estimation of other hyperparameters of a data assimilation system.
Additional file 3 of A 14-bp insertion in endothelin receptor B-like (EDNRB2) is associated with white plumage in Chinese geese
Creators: name: Xi, Yang
name: Wang, Lei
name: Liu, Hehe
name: Ma, Shengchao
name: Li, Yanying
name: Li, Liang
name: Wang, Jiwen
name: Chunchun, Han
name: Bai, Lili
name: Mustafa, Ahsan
name: He, Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. The Volcanic Plot of differentially expressed genes. A total of 416 differentially expressed genes in goose feather follicles, among which 248 and 167 were up- and down-regulated, respectively.
Bounding the Kirby-Thompson invariant of spun knots
Creators: name: Aranda, Román
name: Pongtanapaisan, Puttipong
name: Taylor, Scott A.
name: Zhang, Suixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A bridge trisection of a smooth surface in $S^4$ is a decomposition analogous to a bridge splitting of a link in $S^3$. The Kirby-Thompson invariant of a bridge trisection measures its complexity in terms of distances between disc sets in the pants complex of the trisection surface. We give the first significant bounds for the Kirby-Thompson invariant of spun knots. In particular, we show that the Kirby-Thompson invariant of the spun trefoil is 15.
description: Comments are welcome
The Photon Wave Function in Non-forward Diffractive Scattering with Non-vanishing Quark Masses
Creators: name: Gieseke, S.
name: Qiao, C. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light-cone Photon wave function in explicit helicity states, valid for massive quarks and in both momentum and configuration space, is presented by considering the leading order photon-proton hard scattering, i.e., the splitting quark pair scatters with the proton in the Regge limit. Further we apply it to the diffractive scattering at nonzero momentum transfer and reach a similar factorization as in the case of zero momentum transfer.
description: 11 pages LaTeX, 2 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Circuit complexity in interacting QFTs and RG flows
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
name: Shekar, Arvind
name: Sinha, Aninda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider circuit complexity in certain interacting scalar quantum field theories, mainly focusing on the $ϕ^4$ theory. We work out the circuit complexity for evolving from a nearly Gaussian unentangled reference state to the entangled ground state of the theory. Our approach uses Nielsen's geometric method, which translates into working out the geodesic equation arising from a certain cost functional. We present a general method, making use of integral transforms, to do the required lattice sums analytically and give explicit expressions for the $d=2,3$ cases. Our method enables a study of circuit complexity in the epsilon expansion for the Wilson-Fisher fixed point. We find that with increasing dimensionality the circuit depth increases in the presence of the $ϕ^4$ interaction eventually causing the perturbative calculation to breakdown. We discuss how circuit complexity relates with the renormalization group.
description: 50 pages, 2 figures; references updated; version to appear in JHEP
Flavour Violation in SUSY SU(5) GUT at Large tan beta
Creators: name: Barenboim, G.
name: Huitu, K.
name: Raidal, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study flavour violation in the minimal SUSY SU(5) GUT assuming all the third generation Yukawa couplings to be due to the renormalizable physics above GUT scale. At large $\tanβ,$ as suggested by Yukawa unification in SU(5), sizable flavour violation in the left (right) slepton (down squark) sector is induced due to renormalization effects of down type Yukawa couplings between GUT and Planck scales in addition to the flavour violation in the right slepton sector. The new flavour physics contribution to $K-\bar K,$ $B-\bar B$ mixing is small but might be of phenomenological interest in the case of $b\to sγ.$ The sign of the latter contribution is the same as the sign of the dominant chargino contribution, thus making the constraints on SUSY scale coming from $b\to sγ$ somewhat more restrictive. The most important feature of the considered scenario is the large rate of lepton flavour violation. Given the present experimental constraints, the $μ\to eγ$ and $μ-e$ conversion branching ratios are above the sensitivity of the planned experiments unless the SUSY scale is pushed above one TeV.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
NHMA_part114
Creators: name: Zabulis, Xenophon
name: PARTARAKIS, NIKOLAOS
name: Manikaki, Vasiliki
name: Terzaki – Pallikari, Varvara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Digitisation of traditional textiles and their designs from Crete, from the collection of the Penelope Gandhi Mission, University of the Mountains, Crete, Greece. Digitisation Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Computer Science.
Dark matter in the universe
Creators: name: Dolgov, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological arguments proving that the universe is dominated by invisible non-baryonic matter are reviewed. Possible physical candidates for dark matter particles are discussed. A particular attention is paid to non-compensated remnants of vacuum energy, to the question of stability of super-heavy relics, cosmological mass bounds for very heavy neutral lepton, and some other more exotic possibilities.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, Invited talk at Gamow's International Conference, St. Petersburg, August, 1999; a few references added
L-spaces, taut foliations and the Whitehead link
Creators: name: Santoro, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that if $M$ is a rational homology sphere that is a Dehn surgery on the Whitehead link, then $M$ is not an $L$-space if and only if $M$ supports a coorientable taut foliation. The left orderability of some of these manifolds is also proved, by determining which of the constructed taut foliations have vanishing Euler class. We also present some more general results about the structure of the $L$-space surgery slopes for links whose components are unknotted and with pairwise linking number zero, and about the existence of taut foliations on the fillings of a $k$-holed torus bundle over the circle with some prescribed monodromy. Our results, combined with some results from Roberts--Shareshian--Stein, also imply that all the rational homology spheres that arise as integer surgeries on the Whitehead link satisfy the L-space conjecture.
description: Revised version. 51 pages, 37 figures. Accepted for publication in Algebraic and Geometric Topology
Renormal-order improvement of the Schwinger mass
Creators: name: Adam, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The massive Schwinger model may be analysed by a perturbation expansion in the fermion mass. However, the results of this mass perturbation theory are sensible only for sufficiently small fermion mass. By performing a renormal-ordering, we arrive at a chiral perturbation expansion where the expansion parameter remains small even for large fermion mass. We use this renormal-ordered chiral perturbation theory for a computation of the Schwinger mass and compare our results with lattice computations.
description: Latex file, 13 pages, 3 figures, needed macro: psbox.tex
Time-delay signature concealed broadband gain-coupled chaotic laser with fiber random grating induced distributed feedback
Creators: name: Xu, Yanping
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Lu, Ping
name: Mihailov, Steven
name: Chen, Liang
name: Bao, Xiaoyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A broadband chaotic laser with a flat power spectrum extending up to 8.5GHz is achieved by injecting continuous wave laser light into a chaotic diode laser perturbed by fiber random grating induced distributed feedback, which forms a gain-coupled chaotic laser system. More than triple bandwidth enhancement is realized with appropriate frequency detuning between the master and slave lasers. Unlike normal chaotic lasers, the output from such a broadband chaotic laser is free from time-delay signature, which can be applied for practical real-time random number generations and will find useful applications in the fields of information security and computation systems.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A Casimir preserving scheme for long-time simulation of spherical ideal hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Modin, Klas
name: Viviani, Milo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65P10, 76B47, 76U05, 76B65,

description: The incompressible 2D Euler equations on a sphere constitute a fundamental model in hydrodynamics. The long-time behaviour of solutions is largely unknown; statistical mechanics predicts a steady vorticity configuration, but detailed numerical results in the literature contradict this theory, yielding instead persistent unsteadiness. Such numerical results were obtained using artificial hyperviscosity to account for the cascade of enstrophy into smaller scales. Hyperviscosity, however, destroys the underlying geometry of the phase flow (such as conservation of Casimir functions), and therefore might affect the qualitative long-time behaviour. Here we develop an efficient numerical method for long-time simulations that preserve the geometric features of the exact flow, in particular conservation of Casimirs. Long-time simulations on a non-rotating sphere then reveal three possible outcomes for generic initial conditions: the formation of either 2, 3, or 4 coherent vortex structures. These numerical results contradict the statistical mechanics theory and show that previous numerical results, suggesting 4 coherent vortex structures as the generic behaviour, display only a special case. Through integrability theory for point vortex dynamics on the sphere we present a theoretical model which describes the mechanism by which the three observed regimes appear. We show that there is a correlation between a first integral $γ$ (the ratio of total angular momentum and the square root of enstrophy) and the long-time behaviour: $γ$ small, intermediate, and large yields most likely 4, 3, or 2 coherent vortex formations. Our findings thus suggest that the likely long-time behaviour can be predicted from the first integral $γ$.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Dynamics of veering triangulations: infinitesimal components of their flow graphs and applications
Creators: name: Agol, Ian
name: Tsang, Chi Cheuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the strongly connected components of the flow graph associated to a veering triangulation, and show that the infinitesimal components must be of a certain form, which have to do with subsets of the triangulation which we call `walls'. We show two applications of this knowledge: (1) a fix of a proof in the original paper by the first author which introduced veering triangulations; and (2) an alternate proof that veering triangulations induce pseudo-Anosov flows without perfect fits, which was initially proved by Schleimer and Segerman.
description: v2 - 54 pages, 24 figures; minor changes, to appear in Algebraic and Geometric Topology
Statistical Analysis of the Mariana Trench Geomorphology Using R Programming Language
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80308 Programming Languages
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces an application of the R programming language environment for geostatistical data processing with a case study of the Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean. Mariana trench is the deepest among all hadal oceanic depth trenches. Its formation is caused by the complex and diverse geomorphic factors impacting its development. The impact of these factors have been studies in this paper using R based statistical analysis and data visualization. Data included tectonic plates, bathymetric profiles, slope angles, aspect class, magmatism of igneous volcanic areas, sedimental thickness. The results consists in following achievements: (1) GIS cross-section profiles visualization; (2) estimated effects of the data distribution according to the tectonic plates crossing, slope degree, closeness of the igneous volcanic areas and depth; (3) geospatial comparative analysis of data distribution by four tectonic plates; (4) quantified similarities between the distributional data distances using correlation matrices, double Y-axis plotting and cluster analysis (k-mean method, dendrogram trees computing); (5) assessed dependence of the sedimental thickness on the profile morphology and slope angles by data grouping, ranking and sorting. The innovativeness of this paper consists in a cross-disciplinary approach combining methods of GIS, multi-source data collecting, statistical analysis, R programming, data visualization and geological analysis.