cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 4 of The longitudinal association between objectively measured physical activity and mental health among Norwegian adolescents
Creators: name: Barth Vedøy, Ingeborg
name: Skulberg, Knut Ragnvald
name: Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred
name: Fagerland, Morten Wang
name: Tjomsland, Hege Eikeland
name: Thurston, Miranda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table 2. Score distribution of SDQ within a 4-band categorization in T1-T3 (n + %).
Systematic investigation of emergent particles in type-III magnetic space groups
Creators: name: Liu, Gui-Bin
name: Zhang, Zeying
name: Yu, Zhi-Ming
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
name: Yao, Yugui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In three-dimensional (3D) crystals, emergent particles arise when two or multiple bands contact and form degeneracy (band crossing) in the Brillouin zone. Recently a complete classification of emergent particles in 3D nonmagnetic crystals, which described by the type-II magnetic space groups (MSGs), has been established. However, a systematic investigation of emergent particles in magnetic crystals has not yet been performed, due to the complexity of the symmetries of magnetically ordered structures. Here, we address this challenging task by exploring the possibilities of the emergent particles in the 674 type-III MSGs. Based on effective k.p Hamiltonian and our classification of emergent particles [Yu et al., Sci. Bull. 67, 375 (2022) DOI:10.1016/j.scib.2021.10.023], we identify all possible emergent particles, including spinful and spinless, essential and accidental particles in the type-III MSGs. We find that all emergent particles in type-III MSGs also exist in type-II MSGs, with only one exception, i.e. the combined quadratic nodal line and nodal surface (QNL/NS). Moreover, tabulations of the emergent particles in each of the 674 type-III MSGs, together with the symmetry operations, the small corepresentations, the effective k.p Hamiltonians, and the topological character of these particles, are explicitly presented. Remarkably, combining this work and our homemade SpaceGroupIrep and MSGCorep packages will provide an effcient way to search topological magnetic materials with novel quasiparticles.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables
A series of studies to identify the aetiology of aberrant body composition status in cancer and possible methods of body composition manipulation
Creators: name: Pring, Edward Tobias
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Host body composition (BC) is associated with outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC). Muscle and fat appear to be crucial in both disease causation and response. The aim of this thesis is to identify and understand the aetiology of deleterious changes in BC; explore the underlying immune dysfunction of the disease and ascertain whether we can arrest the process of muscle dysfunction in CRC. In Chapters 2-5, using our population data, we identify relationships between tumour, environment and host. Visceral obesity (VO) is independently associated with prognostically favourable tumour characteristics whilst myosteatosis is independently associated with an aggressive tumour phenotype and is a strong a predictor of future distant recurrence. The environment and genetic background are implicated; deprivation appears a determinant of sarcopenia and BMI whilst ethnicity determines BC status and inflammatory state. In Chapters 7-9 we identified that dendritic cell (DC) lipid status is dependent on anatomical location and is associated with BC status. Increased intracellular lipid within circulating DC is significantly associated with myosteatosis. Whilst, in response to microbial stimulation, oxidised fat content is significantly increased in DC in healthy controls compared to the CRC population. Fat scavenger receptor CD36 expression is significantly increased in the CRC DC population suggesting DC in CRC fail to respond appropriately to commensal antigens. Finally, to ascertain if we could modulate this response through intervention, we undertook a review of the literature which informed the construction of a randomised trial to identify whether using neuromuscular muscular electrical stimulation (NMES) pre- and post-operatively in rectal cancer patients could alter BC, reduce inflammation and improve outcome. Host BC and the immune response to CRC is influenced by both the tumour and host’s environment. Cellular targets exist which may moderate the immune response. Manipulating host BC by interventions such as NMES may prompt an anti-inflammatory response.
Additional file 5 of The longitudinal association between objectively measured physical activity and mental health among Norwegian adolescents
Creators: name: Barth Vedøy, Ingeborg
name: Skulberg, Knut Ragnvald
name: Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred
name: Fagerland, Morten Wang
name: Tjomsland, Hege Eikeland
name: Thurston, Miranda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure 3. Score distribution of WEMWBS in T1-T3.
title: Mesotelioma: ¿hasta qué punto somos determinantes los radiólogos en su manejo?
Creators: name: Escoda Menéndez, Sara
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Oncology

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Ante la falta de consenso actual en el manejo multidisciplinar de los pacientes con mesotelioma,
tratamos de concluir cuáles son los criterios de irresecabilidad por imagen determinantes para el cirujano torácicoque ayuden a la unificación en la...
Diretrizes para a Extração Sistemática de Requisitos de Tolerância a Falhas de Sistemas-de-Sistemas a partir de Processos-de-Processos de Negócios (SBSI-TIRE 2025)
Creators: name: de Almeida Molina, Sidny
name: Barroso Paiva, Débora Maria
name: Cagnin, Maria Istela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 461205
subject: Requirements engineering

description: Este repositório contém os apêndices A, B, C, D e E do artigo "Diretrizes para a Extração Sistemática de Requisitos de Tolerância a Falhas de Sistemas-de-Sistemas a partir de Processos-de-Processos de Negócios (SBSI-TIRE-2025)".
The Widom-Rowlinson mixture on a sphere: Elimination of exponential slowing down at first-order phase transitions
Creators: name: Fischer, T.
name: Vink, R. L. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computer simulations of first-order phase transitions using standard toroidal boundary conditions are generally hampered by exponential slowing down. This is partly due to interface formation, and partly due to shape transitions. The latter occur when droplets become large such that they self-interact through the periodic boundaries. On a spherical simulation topology, however, shape transitions are absent. By using an appropriate bias function, we expect that exponential slowing down can be largely eliminated. In this work, these ideas are applied to the two-dimensional Widom-Rowlinson mixture confined to the surface of a sphere. Indeed, on the sphere, we find that the number of Monte Carlo steps needed to sample a first-order phase transition does not increase exponentially with system size, but rather as a power law $τ\propto V^α$, with $α\approx 2.5$, and $V$ the system area. This is remarkably close to a random walk for which $α$ equals 2. The benefit of this improved scaling behavior for biased sampling methods, such as the Wang-Landau algorithm, is investigated in detail.
description: To appear in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Additional file 1 of The STUN (STop UNhealthy) Alcohol Use Now trial: study protocol for an adaptive randomized trial on dissemination and implementation of screening and management of unhealthy alcohol use in primary care
Creators: name: Jonas, Daniel E.
name: Barclay, Colleen
name: Grammer, Debbie
name: Weathington, Chris
name: Birken, Sarah A.
name: DeWalt, Darren A.
name: Shoenbill, Kimberly A.
name: Boynton, Marcella H.
name: Mackey, Monique
name: Riley, Sean
name: Cykert, Samuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
title: Principales complicaciones de los cuerpos extraños intraabdominales
Creators: name: Rudski Ricondo, Luciana
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: eLearning
subject: Foreign bodies

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Conocer las principales complicaciones de cuerpos extraños intraabdominales,
ya sean ingeridos,
como los introducidos vía rectal así como las causas...
A second-order stochastic effective theory for the long-distance behaviour of scalar fields in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Cable, Archie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: This thesis introduces an effective theory for the long-distance behaviour of scalar fields in de Sitter spacetime, known as the second-order stochastic theory, with the aim of computing scalar correlation functions that are useful in inflationary cosmology. The need for such a theory stems from the challenge standard perturbative quantum field theory calculations face when considering self-interacting scalar fields with a mass $m$. Focussing on quartic self-interactions, parameterised by the coupling $\lambda$, one finds that the perturbative expansion about the free field solution returns correlation functions that are of order $\frac{\lambda H^4}{m^4}$. Thus, the method breaks down beyond the limit $\lambda\ll m^4/H^4$ because the perturbative sum does not converge. The stochastic theory was introduced as a non-perturbative method for computing these scalar correlation functions. Motivated by the existence of a de Sitter horizon, field modes can be separated into short and long wavelength modes. The expanding spacetime stretches these modes such that the long wavelengths are considered classical. The short wavelength modes contribute to the long-distance behaviour when they cross the horizon, which amounts to a statistical white noise contribution. The result is stochastic equations describing the behaviour of the long-distance modes. One can then apply the formalism of stochastic processes to obtain non-perturbative expressions for stochastic correlation functions. In much of the literature, one introduces a hard cut-off between long and short wavelength modes about the horizon to derive the stochastic equations. The approximation one must make here is $m\ll H$ and $\lambda\ll m^2/H^2$ such that the resulting equations are overdamped. The second-order stochastic theory is introduced in this thesis to extend the regime of validity of the stochastic approach. Instead of using the cut-off procedure, we write stochastic equations that resemble the field equations of motion, leaving the stochastic parameters - the stochastic mass, quartic coupling and white noise contributions - as free parameters. We employ stochastic techniques to compute correlation functions and then use results from perturbative quantum field theory to fix the parameters such that they return physical quantities. In doing so, we improve upon the overdamped stochastic approach by extending the regime of validity to $m\lesssim H$ and $\lambda^2\ll m^4/H^4$ and by including ultraviolet effects from renormalisation in our stochastic theory. Additionally, we perform non-perturbative computations such that the second-order stochastic theory goes beyond the regime of validity of perturbative quantum field theory.
Pt-induced nanowires on Ge(001): a DFT study
Creators: name: Vanpoucke, Danny E. P.
name: Brocks, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study formation of the nanowires formed after deposition of Pt on a Ge(001) surface. The nanowires form spontaneously after high temperature annealing. They are thermodynamically stable, only one atom wide and up to a few hundred atoms long. Ab initio density functional theory calculations are performed to identify possible structures of the Pt-Ge (001) surface with nanowires on top. A large number of structures is studied. With nanowires that are formed out of Pt or Ge dimers or mixed Pt-Ge dimers. By comparing simulated scanning tunneling microscopy images with experimental ones we model the formation of the nanowires and identify the geometries of the different phases in the formation process. We find that the formation of nanowires on a Pt-Ge(001) surface is a complex process based on increasing the Pt density in the top layers of the Ge(001) surface. Most remarkably we find the nanowires to consist of germanium dimers placed in troughs lined by mixed Pt-Ge dimer rows.
description: 22 pages, 24 figures
A Systematic Look at the Temperature Gradient Contribution to the Dayside Magnetopause Current
Creators: name: Beedle, Jason M. H.
name: Gershman, David J.
name: Uritsky, Vadim M.
name: Phan, Tai D.
name: Giles, Barbara L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetopause diamagnetic currents arise from density and temperature driven pressure gradients across the boundary layer. While theoretically recognized, the temperature contributions to the magnetopause current system have not yet been systematically studied. To bridge this gap, we used a database of Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) magnetopause crossings to analyze diamagnetic current densities and their contributions across the dayside and flank magnetopause. Our results indicate that the ion temperature gradient component makes up to 37% of the ion diamagnetic current density along the magnetopause and typically opposes the classical Chapman-Ferraro current direction, interfering destructively with the density gradient component, thus lowering the total diamagnetic current density. This effect is most pronounced on the flank magnetopause. The electron diamagnetic current was found to be 5 to 14 times weaker than the ion diamagnetic current on average.
Numerical relativity for D dimensional axially symmetric space-times: formalism and code tests
Creators: name: Zilhao, Miguel
name: Witek, Helvi
name: Sperhake, Ulrich
name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Gualtieri, Leonardo
name: Herdeiro, Carlos
name: Nerozzi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The numerical evolution of Einstein's field equations in a generic background has the potential to answer a variety of important questions in physics: from applications to the gauge-gravity duality, to modelling black hole production in TeV gravity scenarios, analysis of the stability of exact solutions and tests of Cosmic Censorship. In order to investigate these questions, we extend numerical relativity to more general space-times than those investigated hitherto, by developing a framework to study the numerical evolution of D dimensional vacuum space-times with an SO(D-2) isometry group for D\ge 5, or SO(D-3) for D\ge 6. Performing a dimensional reduction on a (D-4)-sphere, the D dimensional vacuum Einstein equations are rewritten as a 3+1 dimensional system with source terms, and presented in the Baumgarte, Shapiro, Shibata and Nakamura (BSSN) formulation. This allows the use of existing 3+1 dimensional numerical codes with small adaptations. Brill-Lindquist initial data are constructed in D dimensions and a procedure to match them to our 3+1 dimensional evolution equations is given. We have implemented our framework by adapting the LEAN code and perform a variety of simulations of non-spinning black hole space-times. Specifically, we present a modified moving puncture gauge which facilitates long term stable simulations in D=5. We further demonstrate the internal consistency of the code by studying convergence and comparing numerical versus analytic results in the case of geodesic slicing for D=5,6.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures; v2 Minor changes and added two references. Matches the published version in PRD.
title: Manifestaciones radiológicas de la tuberculosis en un hospital de tercer nivel en los últimos dos años y medio.
Creators: name: Rodriguez Ortega, Rocio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Radiobiology
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Thorax

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
La tuberculosis,
en contra de lo que podríamos pensar,
sigue siendo muy prevalente en España.
A pesar de los avances en el último siglo en el conocimiento y tratamiento de esta enfermedad,
hoy en día sigue siendo aún imposible su...
Non-resonant new physics search at the LHC for the $b \to c τν$ anomalies
Creators: name: Endo, Motoi
name: Iguro, Syuhei
name: Kitahara, Teppei
name: Takeuchi, Michihisa
name: Watanabe, Ryoutaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the $b \to c τ\overlineν$ anomalies, we study non-resonant searches for new physics at the large hadron collider (LHC) by considering final states with an energetic and hadronically decaying $τ$ lepton, a $b$-jet and large missing transverse momentum ($pp \to τ_h \overline{b} + E_{\rm T}^{\rm miss}$). Such searches can be useful to probe new physics contributions to $b \to c τ\overlineν$. They are analyzed not only within the dimension-six effective field theory (EFT) but also in explicit leptoquark (LQ) models with the LQ non-decoupled. The former is realized by taking a limit of large LQ mass in the latter. It is clarified that the LHC sensitivity is sensitive to the LQ mass for $O(1)$ TeV even in the search of $pp \to τ_h \overline{b} + E_{\rm T}^{\rm miss}$. Although the LQ models provide a weaker sensitivity than the EFT limit, it is found that the non-resonant search of $pp \to τ_h \overline{b} + E_{\rm T}^{\rm miss}$ can improve the sensitivity by $\approx 40\%$ versus a conventional mono-$τ$ search ($pp \to τ_h + E_{\rm T}^{\rm miss}$) in the whole LQ mass region. Consequently, it is expected that most of the parameter regions suggested by the $b \to c τ\overlineν$ anomalies can be probed at the HL-LHC. Also, it is shown that $\text{R}_2$ LQ scenario is accessible entirely once the LHC Run 2 data are analyzed. In addition, we discuss a charge selection of $τ_h$ to further suppress the standard-model background, and investigate the angular correlations among $b,\, τ$ and the missing transverse momentum to discriminate the LQ scenarios.
description: 39 pages, 9 figures, 14 tables. Ancillary files are available, JHEP published version
Neural scene representations for dense-semantic SLAM
Creators: name: Sucar, Edgar
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: An important challenge in visual Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping (SLAM) has been on the design of scene representations that allow for both robust inference and useful interaction. The rapid progression of semantic image understanding powered by deep learning has led to SLAM systems that enrich geometric maps with semantics, which increases the range of applications possible. However, a core challenge remains in how to tightly integrate geometry and semantics for 3D re- construction; we believe that their joint representation is the right direction for actionable and robust maps. In this thesis we will address the central question on designing efficient scene representations by the use of compressive models, which can represent detail with the least number of parameters. We then demonstrate that compressive models offer a solution for the joint representation of geometry and semantics, where semantics provide priors for robust reconstruction and geometric compression informs scene decomposition. This work focuses on using generative neural networks, a category of compressive representations, for incremental dense SLAM. We develop a volumetric rendering formulation for the use of compressive models in generative inference from multi- view images, enabling two novel SLAM systems. First, we learn class-level code descriptors for object shape from aligned 3D models. At test time, the code and object pose are optimised for efficient and complete object reconstruction from in- stances of the learned categories. This method relaxes the assumption of fixed tem- plates and allows for intra-class shape variation. We demonstrate the usefulness of semantic priors for complete and precise reconstruction in a robotic packing applic- ation. Second, we present a scene-specific multi-layered perceptron (MLP) neural field for full generative dense SLAM. Our results show that it allows for efficient mapping, automatic hole-filling, and joint optimisation of camera trajectory and 3D map. Last, we demonstrate that the MLP’s automatic scene compression discovers underlying scene structures that are revealed with sparse labeling.
Additional file 2 of The STUN (STop UNhealthy) Alcohol Use Now trial: study protocol for an adaptive randomized trial on dissemination and implementation of screening and management of unhealthy alcohol use in primary care
Creators: name: Jonas, Daniel E.
name: Barclay, Colleen
name: Grammer, Debbie
name: Weathington, Chris
name: Birken, Sarah A.
name: DeWalt, Darren A.
name: Shoenbill, Kimberly A.
name: Boynton, Marcella H.
name: Mackey, Monique
name: Riley, Sean
name: Cykert, Samuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
Eduardo Zamacois: attività editoriale e opera letteraria
Creators: name: Minesso, Barbara <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: L-LIN/05 Letteratura spagnola

description: Eduardo Zamacois (Pinar del Río, 1873- Buenos Aires, 1971) was a main actor of the spanish’s literature and edition movement from the first third of the 20th century. He was the founder of magazines that had a big impact like “Germinal”, introductive of the sicalipsis  (“La Vida Galante”) or so innovative that deserved an special chapter in the history of literature (“El Cuento Semanal” e “Los Contemporáneos”). With this work, it is intended to recreate the most significant stages from his autobiography adventure including the new information that offers his non before published letters exchange with his last sentimental partner. As a writer, his work was very popular in his homeland, translated to the world and reissued in Ibero-America. His literature work is based in three different phases. He began with the use of gallant literature (with books like La enferma, Punto negro) and took an adventure with the pays of mystery and irony (El otro, El misterio de un hombre pequñito, La opinion ajena) to finally focused in a narrative style of a realistic kind, that includes social critique (Las raíces). His last published novel in Spain is a portrait of Madrid during its long siege by the nationalist troops (El asedio de Madrid), a profound tribute to the people’s heroism and a declaration of love to the capital, that was his place of residence for a long time.
 
While his exile, that took him to Cuba, New York and Buenos Aires, he worked in the radio, the dubbing industry and in finishing his most detailed bibliography, Un hombre que se va, a valuable document of that time.
An AdS/CFT Connection between Boltzmann and Einstein
Creators: name: Iyer, Ramakrishnan
name: Mukhopadhyay, Ayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The AdS/CFT correspondence defines a sector with universal strongly coupled dynamics in the field theory as the dual of pure gravity in AdS described by Einstein's equation with a negative cosmological constant. We explain here, from the field-theoretic viewpoint how the dynamics in this sector gets determined by the expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor \emph{alone}. We first show that the Boltzmann equation has very special solutions which could be \textit{functionally} completely determined in terms of the energy-momentum tensor alone. We call these solutions \textit{conservative solutions}. We indicate why conservative solutions should also exist when we refine this kinetic description to go closer to the exact microscopic theory or even move away from the regime of weak coupling so that no kinetic description could be employed. We argue that these \textit{conservative solutions} form the universal sector dual to pure gravity at strong coupling and large $N$. Based on this observation, we propose a \textit{regularity condition} on the energy-momentum tensor so that the dual solution in pure gravity has a smooth future horizon. We also study if irreversibility emerges only at long time scales of observation, unlike the case of the Boltzmann equation.
description: 42 pages; this contains exactly the same content as the earlier versions but the presentation has been made more concise and readable; some references which are not directly relevant to this work have been removed at the insistence of PRD referees.
Mechanism for baryogenesis via feebly interacting massive particles
Creators: name: Goudelis, Andreas
name: Papachristou, Pantelis
name: Spanos, Vassilis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple mechanism which allows the simultaneous generation of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe along with its dark matter content. To this goal, we employ the out-of-equilibrium decays of heavy bath states into a feebly coupled dark matter particle and Standard Model charged fermions. These decays lead to dark matter production via the freeze-in mechanism and, assuming that they further violate $CP$, can generate a viable matter-antimatter asymmetry in the resonant regime. We illustrate this mechanism by studying a particular realization of this general scenario, where the role of the heavy bath particles is played by $SU(3)_{\text{c}}\times SU(2)_{\text{L}}$-singlet vectorlike fermions with a non-zero hypercharge and dark matter is identified with a gauge-singlet real scalar field. We show that in the context of this simple model the cosmological constraints for the dark matter abundance and the baryon asymmetry are satisfied for masses of heavy vectorlike fermion states of a few TeV, potentially within reach of the High-Luminosity Run of the Large Hadron Collider. Dark matter, in turn, is predicted to be rather light, with a mass of a few keV.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures. v2: References and minor comments added, typos fixed, conclusions unchanged, matches published version
Conditional protein degradation with novel PROteolysis-TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs)
Creators: name: Zhang, Qisi
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: PROteolysis-TArgeting Chimeras (PROTACs) are novel heterobifunctional degraders that catalytically induce targeted protein degradation through the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS). Offering unique advantages over conventional small molecule inhibitors, PROTACs have successfully degraded a wide range of oncogenic proteins and showed potential as a promising paradigm in drug discovery. Despite the rapid expansion of the field, achieving conditional activation control of PROTAC-mediated protein degradation remains relatively unexplored. In this thesis, two novel PROTAC design strategies were developed to enhance spatiotemporal control and tissue specificity in PROTAC-mediated protein degradation. In the first design, a novel photoswitchable multi-kinase PROTAC, AP-PROTAC-2, was developed to enable conditional light-mediated control of protein degradation. This design incorporates a novel arylazopyrazole photoswitchable linker, combined with a multi-kinase inhibitor capable of engaging approximately 40% of the kinome. AP-PROTAC-2 can be reversibly switched between E and Z isomer-enriched states and exhibits superior photochemical properties compared to previous photoswitchable PROTACs. Multiplexed proteomics studies demonstrated that AP-PROTAC-2 selectively depleted four protein kinases in vitro in a light-switchable manner. This research marks the first instance of simultaneous photoswitchable degradation of multiple proteins, achieving selective spatiotemporal modulation of targeted kinase degradation. In the second design, peptide-based PROTACs were conjugated to monoclonal antibodies to design antibody-peptide degrader conjugates (Ab-peptides), building upon the concept of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). These Ab-peptides were designed to utilise ADC's antibody-mediated internalisation pathways for the targeted delivery of peptide payloads to antigen-positive cells. This approach aimed to enhance tissue specificity, cellular uptake, and intracellular degradation potency of peptide-based degraders. The development of three types of Ab-peptides targeting distinct proteins and employing different ADC linkers was reported. The resulting Ab-peptides exhibited enhanced target degradation efficacy surpassing that of unconjugated peptides, underscoring their promising potential. Collectively, these novel strategies offer valuable perspectives and insights into conditional protein degradation with a focus on photoswitchable multi-target PROTACs and peptide-based PROTACs.
Additional file 3 of The STUN (STop UNhealthy) Alcohol Use Now trial: study protocol for an adaptive randomized trial on dissemination and implementation of screening and management of unhealthy alcohol use in primary care
Creators: name: Jonas, Daniel E.
name: Barclay, Colleen
name: Grammer, Debbie
name: Weathington, Chris
name: Birken, Sarah A.
name: DeWalt, Darren A.
name: Shoenbill, Kimberly A.
name: Boynton, Marcella H.
name: Mackey, Monique
name: Riley, Sean
name: Cykert, Samuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3.
Thermalization of many many-body interacting SYK models
Creators: name: Louw, Jan C.
name: Kehrein, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the non-equilibrium dynamics of complex Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) models in the $q\rightarrow\infty$ limit, where $q/2$ denotes the order of the random Dirac fermion interaction. We extend previous results by Eberlein et al. [Phys. Rev. B 96, 205123 (2017)] to show that a single SYK $q\rightarrow\infty$ Hamiltonian for $t\geq 0$ is a perfect thermalizer in the sense that the local Green's function is instantaneously thermal. The only memories of the quantum state for $t<0$ are its charge density and its energy density at $t=0$. Our result is valid for all quantum states amenable to a~$1/q$-expansion, which are generated from an equilibrium SYK state in the asymptotic past and acted upon by an arbitrary combination of time-dependent SYK Hamiltonians for $t<0$. Importantly, this implies that a single SYK $q\rightarrow\infty$ Hamiltonian is a perfect thermalizer even for non-equilibrium states generated in this manner.
Nekrasov Functions and Exact Bohr-Sommerfeld Integrals
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the case of SU(2), associated by the AGT relation to the 2d Liouville theory, the Seiberg-Witten prepotential is constructed from the Bohr-Sommerfeld periods of 1d sine-Gordon model. If the same construction is literally applied to monodromies of exact wave functions, the prepotential turns into the one-parametric Nekrasov prepotential F(a,ε_1) with the other epsilon parameter vanishing, ε_2=0, and ε_1 playing the role of the Planck constant in the sine-Gordon Shroedinger equation, \hbar=ε_1. This seems to be in accordance with the recent claim in arXiv:0908.4052 and poses a problem of describing the full Nekrasov function as a seemingly straightforward double-parametric quantization of sine-Gordon model. This also provides a new link between the Liouville and sine-Gordon theories.
description: 10 pages
Resilience-oriented control and communication framework for cyber-physical microgrids
Creators: name: Ge, Pudong
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Climate change drives the energy supply transition from traditional fossil fuel-based power generation to renewable energy resources. This transition has been widely recognised as one of the most significant developing pathways promoting the decarbonisation process toward a zero-carbon and sustainable society. Rapidly developing renewables gradually dominate energy systems and promote the current energy supply system towards decentralisation and digitisation. The manifestation of decentralisation is at massive dispatchable energy resources, while the digitisation features strong cohesion and coherence between electrical power technologies and information and communication technologies (ICT). Massive dispatchable physical devices and cyber components are interdependent and coupled tightly as a cyber-physical energy supply system, while this cyber-physical energy supply system currently faces an increase of extreme weather (e.g., earthquake, flooding) and cyber-contingencies (e.g., cyberattacks) in the frequency, intensity, and duration. Hence, one major challenge is to find an appropriate cyber-physical solution to accommodate increasing renewables while enhancing power supply resilience. The main focus of this thesis is to blend centralised and decentralised frameworks to propose a collaboratively centralised-and-decentralised resilient control framework for energy systems i.e., networked microgrids (MGs) that can operate optimally in the normal condition while can mitigate simultaneous cyber-physical contingencies in the extreme condition. To achieve this, we investigate the concept of "cyber-physical resilience" including four phases, namely prevention/upgrade, resistance, adaption/mitigation, and recovery. Throughout these stages, we tackle different cyber-physical challenges under the concept of microgrid ranging from a centralised-to-decentralised transitional control framework coping with cyber-physical out of service, a cyber-resilient distributed control methodology for networked MGs, a UAV assisted post-contingency cyber-physical service restoration, to a fast-convergent distributed dynamic state estimation algorithm for a class of interconnected systems.
Additional file 2 of Honey bee genetics shape the strain-level structure of gut microbiota in social transmission
Creators: name: Wu, Jiaqiang
name: Lang, Haoyu
name: Mu, Xiaohuan
name: Zhang, Zijing
name: Su, Qinzhi
name: Hu, Xiaosong
name: Zheng, Hao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Figure S1-S6.
Additional file 1 of Process evaluation of an intervention to improve access to injectable contraceptive services through patent medicine vendors in Nigeria: a mixed methods study
Creators: name: Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike
name: Adebayo, Ayodeji Matthew
name: Okunade, Faizah Tosin
name: Ajayi, Olayinka
name: Akindele, Akinwumi Oyewole
name: Stanback, John
name: Ajuwon, Ademola Johnson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire for PMVs.
Additional file 2 of Process evaluation of an intervention to improve access to injectable contraceptive services through patent medicine vendors in Nigeria: a mixed methods study
Creators: name: Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike
name: Adebayo, Ayodeji Matthew
name: Okunade, Faizah Tosin
name: Ajayi, Olayinka
name: Akindele, Akinwumi Oyewole
name: Stanback, John
name: Ajuwon, Ademola Johnson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Questionnaire for Female Client.
Anomalous excitations of atomically crafted quantum magnets
Creators: name: Brinker, Sascha
name: Küster, Felix
name: Parkin, Stuart S. P.
name: Sessi, Paolo
name: Lounis, Samir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High energy resolution spectroscopic studies of quantum magnets have proven to be extremely valuable in directly accessing magnetodynamics quantities, such as energy barriers, magnetic interactions, lifetime of excited states and fluctuations at the most fundamental level. Here, we explore the existence of a new flavor of low-energy spin-excitations for quantum spins coupled to an electron bath. In sharp contrast to the usual tunneling signature of two steps symmetrically centered around the Fermi level, we find a single step in the conductance. Combining time-dependent and many-body perturbation theories, magnetic field-dependent tunneling spectra are explained to be the result of an interplay between weak magnetic anisotropy energy, magnetic interactions and Stoner-like electron-hole excitations that are strongly dependent on the magnetic states of the studied nanostructures. We additionally map the evolution of the conductance peak in artificial nanostructures crafted atom-by-atom, which show clear evidence of spin-coupled behavior. The results are rationalized in terms of a non-collinear magnetic ground state and the dominance of ferro- and antiferromagnetic interactions. The atomically crafted nanomagnets offer an appealing model for the exploration of electrically pumped spin systems.
description: Main manuscript including supplementary material
Additional file 1 of Care for caregivers- a mission for primary care
Creators: name: Biderman, Aya
name: Carmel, Sara
name: Amar, Shimon
name: Bachner, Yaacov G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary material.
Additional file 3 of Process evaluation of an intervention to improve access to injectable contraceptive services through patent medicine vendors in Nigeria: a mixed methods study
Creators: name: Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike
name: Adebayo, Ayodeji Matthew
name: Okunade, Faizah Tosin
name: Ajayi, Olayinka
name: Akindele, Akinwumi Oyewole
name: Stanback, John
name: Ajuwon, Ademola Johnson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Qualitative Interview Guides.
Microwave-Mediated Hetero Diels-Alder reaction:
Synthesis of biologically active compounds
Creators: name: D’Aurizio, Antonio <1978>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: CHIM/06 Chimica organica

description: Heterocyclic compounds represent almost two-thirds of all the known organic compounds: they are widely distributed in nature and play a key role in a huge number of biologically important molecules including some of the most significant for human beings.
A powerful tool for the synthesis of such compounds is the hetero Diels-Alder reaction (HDA), that involve a [4+2] cycloaddition reaction between heterodienes and suitable dienophiles.
Among heterodienes to be used in such six-membered heterocyclic construction strategy, 3-trialkylsilyloxy-2-aza-1,3-dienes (Fig 1) has been demonstrated particularly attractive. 
In this thesis work, HDA reactions between 2-azadienes and carbonylic and/or olefinic dienophiles, are described.
Moreover, substitution of conventional heating by the corresponding dielectric heating as been explored in the frame of Microwave-Assisted-Organic-Synthesis (MAOS) which constitutes an up-to-grade research field of great interest both from an academic and industrial point of view.
Reaction of the azadiene 1 (Fig 1) will be described using as dienophiles carbonyl compounds as aldehyde and ketones. The six-membered adducts thus obtained (Scheme 1) have been elaborated to biologically active compounds like 1,3-aminols which constitutes the scaffold for a wide range of drugs (Prozac®, Duloxetine, Venlafaxine) with large applications in the treatment of severe diseases of nervous central system (NCS).

 
Scheme 1

The reaction provides the formation of three new stereogenic centres (C-2; C-5; C-6). The diastereoselective outcome of these reactions has been deeply investigated by the use of various combination of achiral and chiral azadienes and aliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic aldehydes.
The same approach, basically, has been used in the synthesis of piperidin-2-one scaffold substituting the carbonyl dienophile with an electron poor olefin.

 
Scheme 2

As a matter of fact, this scaffold is present in a very large number of natural substances and, more interesting, is a required scaffold for an huge variety of biologically active compounds.
Activated olefins bearing one or two sulfone groups, were choose as dienophiles both for the intrinsic characteristic flexibility of the “sulfone group” which may be easily removed or elaborated to more complex decorations of the heterocyclic ring, and for the electron poor property of this dienophiles which makes the resulting HDA reaction of the type “normal electron demand”.
Synthesis of natural compounds like racemic (±)-Anabasine (alkaloid of Tobacco’s leaves) and (R)- and (S)-Conhydrine (alkaloid of Conium Maculatum’s seeds and leaves) and its congeners, are described (Fig 2).
Strongly solid ${\rm II_1}$ factors with an exotic MASA
Creators: name: Houdayer, Cyril
name: Shlyakhtenko, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10, 46L54

description: Using an extension of techniques of Ozawa and Popa, we give an example of a non-amenable strongly solid $\rm{II}_1$ factor $M$ containing an "exotic" maximal abelian subalgebra $A$: as an $A$,$A$-bimodule, $L^2(M)$ is neither coarse nor discrete. Thus we show that there exist $\rm{II}_1$ factors with such property but without Cartan subalgebras. It also follows from Voiculescu's free entropy results that $M$ is not an interpolated free group factor, yet it is strongly solid and has both the Haagerup property and the complete metric approximation property.
description: 23 pages
Physics in the Machine: Integrating Physical Knowledge in Autonomous Phase-Mapping
Creators: name: Kusne, A. Gilad
name: McDannald, Austin
name: DeCost, Brian
name: Oses, Corey
name: Toher, Cormac
name: Curtarolo, Stefano
name: Mehta, Apurva
name: Takeuchi, Ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Application of artificial intelligence (AI), and more specifically machine learning, to the physical sciences has expanded significantly over the past decades. In particular, science-informed AI, also known as scientific AI or inductive bias AI, has grown from a focus on data analysis to now controlling experiment design, simulation, execution and analysis in closed-loop autonomous systems. The CAMEO (closed-loop autonomous materials exploration and optimization) algorithm employs scientific AI to address two tasks: learning a material system's composition-structure relationship and identifying materials compositions with optimal functional properties. By integrating these, accelerated materials screening across compositional phase diagrams was demonstrated, resulting in the discovery of a best-in-class phase change memory material. Key to this success is the ability to guide subsequent measurements to maximize knowledge of the composition-structure relationship, or phase map. In this work we investigate the benefits of incorporating varying levels of prior physical knowledge into CAMEO's autonomous phase-mapping. This includes the use of ab-initio phase boundary data from the AFLOW repositories, which has been shown to optimize CAMEO's search when used as a prior.