cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Reported Attitude and Behavior Change as a Result Of Participation in Parent Training Groups
Creators: name: Allen, Lorene
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1974

description: This study investigated the value of participation in a Dreikurs Parent Training group and in a Combination Dreikurs and Parent Effectiveness Training group. The value of participation was measured in terms of three variables: (1) problem behaviors of the child as reported by the parents on a Checklist of Child Problem Behaviors; (2) problems of parents as reported by the parents, themselves, on a Checklist of Parent Problems; and (3) parental attitudes as measured by Hereford's Parent Attitude Survey.
Parents, who volunteered to be included in parent training groups, were assigned to two treatment groups and one control group. All parents in the treatment groups were tested during the first week of group meetings and following the tenth and final group meeting. The control group was also pre and post tested but was given no training in the ten week interum period. The two checklists used were developed by the author to check for specific problem behaviors both in the child and in the parent, himself. Hereford's Parent Attitude Survey is a self-report measure of five parent attitudes: confidence, causation, acceptance, understanding and trust.
Pre-and post-test data was analyzed using t-tests for matched samples to analyze the change within each group and one-way analyses of covariance to compare post-test scores were used as covariates in the analyses of covariance.
Parents participating in Combination groups increased significantly toward having more trust in their child. Parents in Dreikurs groups increased significantly toward having more confidence in themselves as parents.
Through analysis of results obtained on the Checklist of Child Problem Behaviors; it was discovered that parents in none of the groups changed significantly in total number of problems checked. Parents in all three groups decreased significantly in those problems originally checked on the pre-test. The two treatment groups became aware of a significant number of new problems during the treatment period. The control group did not.
Parents in the Dreikurs Parent Groups checked significantly fewer total problems on the post-test administration of the Checklist of Parent Problems than they did on the pre-test. All groups decreased significantly on those problems originally checked on the pre-test. The two treatment groups became aware of a significant number of new problems not originally checked on the pre-test. The control group showed no such increase.
The Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentology of the King River Valley, Western Tasmania
Creators: name: Fitzsimons, SJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis is concerned with the Quaternary deposits of the King Valley in western Tasmania, Australia. The aims of the study were to describe the character and map the extent of the glacial deposits, to determine the stratigraphy and age of the deposits associated with each glacial advance, to compare the inferred processes and patterns of sediment genesis with the depositional processes observed at the margins of modern glaciers, and to formulate a model of environmental changes associated with the glaciations. Deposits were mapped at a scale 1: 25,000 using morphostratigraphic, lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic units. The stratigraphic classification and mapping defined thirteen formations from four glaciations. The last or Margaret Glaciation consisted of two main ice advances. The first appears to have occurred before 48ka; the second culminated after 191ca and had ended by 12ka. The Henty Glaciation, of middle Pleistocene age consisted of three ice advances. Two of the advances are separated by a long interval of lake sedimentation. The preceding Governor Glaciation, also of middle Pleistocene age, consisted of two ice advances. The glacial sediments are separated by organic sediments that record an interstadial climate. The Linda Glaciation is probably early Pleistocene in age. Its deposits are separated from younger glacial sediments by organic sediments that record the sucessional development of temperate rainforest during the Regency Interglacial. Linda Glaciation deposits are underlain by non-glacial sediments that are probably of late Pliocene age. Detailed descriptions of the glacial sediments on which the stratigraphy was based have enabled elements of the dynamics and debris paths of the King Glacier to be reconstructed. These reconstructions suggest that the dominant sedimentary environment was supraglacial and that the debris was derived from the basal transport zone. Two of the more unusual patterns in the sediments are lithological stratification of erratic clasts in some tills and a widespread series of sedimentary wedges that resemble but differ from ice-wedge casts. The chronology of the King Valley glaciations is estimated using a variety of relative dating methods that were applied to the deposits in their stratigraphic setting. The absence of reliable dating methods has meant that correlation of glacial events in Tasmania is largely based on comparing weathering characteristics. Wider correlation with glacial events in other Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude areas is not possible without accurate dating of the events.
title: CPI Achievement Motivation Scales in Differential Prediction of Academic Achievement
Creators: name: Petersen, Dwight J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: The grade-point average (GPA) of 4 groups of college sophomores, representing high and low scores on the CPI Ac and Ai scales, was analyzed to test the hypothesis that conforming and independent achievement motivation (as measured by the CPI) is related to scholastic achievement reflective of conforming or independent behavior. Specific hypotheses regarding differential achievement as a function of Ac and Ai scores were tested and, in general, supported. From this study, it was found that the CPI Ac and Ai scales do provide a basis for differentially predicting the scholastic achievement of students in settings rewarding dependent and/or independent behavior.
Mineralogy and computer-orientated study of mineral deposits in Slocan City Camp, Nelson Mining Division, British Columbia.
Creators: name: Orr, John Frederick Walter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Slocan City mineral deposits are "dry" fissure types (Cairnes, 1934, p.114) consisting of high grade silver veins in quartz, with minor amounts of lead and zinc. These veins, almost all in Nelson plutonic rocks, occur in an area of approximately 100 square miles along the eastern margin of Slocan Lake. Mineralogical analysis revealed a definite concentric zoning in the camp; a pyrite halo with high gold values surrounds a core of galena and sphalerite with high silver values. The most commonly occurring minerals in order of deposition are: pyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, gold, tetrahedrite, galena, silver, ruby silvers, and argentite. Quartz is the dominant gangue mineral, with small amounts of calcite, siderite, barite, and fluorite generally concentrated in the central zone. Publically available production data for 73 mineral deposits, and geological and mineralogical data obtained from field and laboratory studies,were organized in a computer-processible data file. Methods used to investigate the usefulness of such a file for both academic and practical purposes include: computer generated plots and contour maps, correlation studies, trend surface analysis, multiple regression, and chi square analysis. Computer contour plots and trend surface analysis were rapid means of analyzing lateral zoning of average metal grades and ratios. Patterns obtained substantiated the mineral zoning which was based on data from appreciably fewer mineral deposits. Multiple stepwise regression showed that value of a deposit (estimated by total production in tons) is dependent on average grades of lead and zinc, and volume percentage total sulphides. Consequently, the tonnage potential of a prospect might be predictable within specified limits from a single bulk sample and a brief geological examination. Chi square analysis showed that relatively large deposits are characterized by a more-or-less northeasterly strike and the presence of small amounts of barite and carbonate gangue. The ease and rapidity with which proven statistical techniques can be applied to the mass of informal ion in a computer-processible data file gives great scope and practicality to the concept.
On-the-job Continual and Interactive Learning of Factual Knowledge and Language Grounding
Creators: name: Mazumder, Sahisnu
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Dialogue systems, commonly called as Chatbots, have gained escalating popularity in recent times due to their wide-spread applications in carrying out chit-chat conversations with users and accomplishing tasks as personal assistants. These systems are typically trained from manually-labeled data and/or written with handcrafted rules and often, use explicit knowledge bases (KBs) (compiled by human experts) to help generate quality responses and support information-seeking conversations. However, as the complied data and handcrafted rules are always limited by human efforts, it cannot cover all possible variations of natural language. Also, as the KBs are inherently incomplete and remain fixed during conversation, it limits the systems' ability to answer questions from users and ground knowledge in conversation modeling. Thus, when the systems are deployed, the level of user satisfaction is often low. In this thesis, we propose methods to give the chatbots the ability to continuously and interactively learn (1) new world knowledge and (2) new language expressions to ground them to actions, during conversation, i.e. “on-the-job” by themselves so that as the systems chat more and more with users, they become more and more knowledgeable and improve their performance over time. To formalize the idea of “On-the-job Continual and Interactive Learning”, we propose a novel paradigm called Lifelong INteractive Learning in Conversation (LINC) and design frameworks for factual knowledge learning and language learning in dialogues. We leverage the opportunity- when a user asks the dialogue system a question which the system is unable to answer (due to the lack of knowledge in its current KB) as the scope for learning new factual knowledge and propose two frameworks, viz. Continuous and Interactive Learning of Knowledge (CILK) and Interactive Knowledge Acquisition and Inference (IKAI) to enable interactive factual knowledge learning in dialogues. We also propose a novel framework called Command Matching and Learning (CML) to automatically build self-adaptive NLIs for any API-driven application. CML continually learns new language expressions in multi-turn dialogues with end users after model deployment and improves its natural language understanding and grounding abilities over time. We build Simulated Users (from the publicly available standard datasets) to interact with the systems (i.e. answering the questions asked by the systems) and use them for online evaluation. Our experimental evaluation and analysis show that with more knowledge accumulated over time, the systems are able to learn better, answering more factual questions from users and improving grounding of natural language commands.
The magnetohydrodynamics model of twin kilohertz QPOs in LMXBs
Creators: name: Shi, Changsheng
name: Li, Xiang-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest an explanation for the twin kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) based on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) oscillation modes in neutron star magnetospheres. Including the effect of the neutron star spin, we derive several MHD wave modes by solving the dispersion equations, and propose that the coupling of the two resonant MHD modes may lead to the twin kHz QPOs. This model naturally relates the upper, lower kHz QPO frequencies with the spin frequencies of the neutron stars, and can well account for the measured data of six LMXBs.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Electrical anisotropy of gas hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs in the Gulf of Mexico
Creators: name: Cook, Ann E.
name: Anderson, Barbara I.
name: Rasmus, John
name: Sun, Keli
name: Li, Qiming
name: Collett, Timothy S.
name: Goldberg, David S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Submarine geology
Petroleum--Geology

description: We present new results and interpretations of the electrical anisotropy and reservoir architecture in gas hydrate-bearing sands using logging data collected during the Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrate Joint Industry Project Leg II. We focus specifically on sand reservoirs in Hole Alaminos Canyon 21 A (AC21-A), Hole Green Canyon 955 H (GC955-H) and Hole Walker Ridge 313 H (WR313-H). Using a new logging-while-drilling directional resistivity tool and a one-dimensional inversion developed by Schlumberger, we resolve the resistivity of the current flowing parallel to the bedding, R‖ and the resistivity of the current flowing perpendicular to the bedding, R⊥. We find the sand reservoir in Hole AC21-A to be relatively isotropic, with R‖ and R⊥ values close to 2 Ω m. In contrast, the gas hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs in Holes GC955-H and WR313-H are highly anisotropic. In these reservoirs, R‖ is between 2 and 30 Ω m, and R⊥ is generally an order of magnitude higher. Using Schlumberger’s WebMI models, we were able to replicate multiple resistivity measurements and determine the formation resistivity the gas hydrate-bearing sand reservoir in Hole WR313-H. The results showed that gas hydrate saturations within a single reservoir unit are highly variable. For example, the sand units in Hole WR313-H contain thin layers (on the order of 10–100 cm) with varying gas hydrate saturations between 15 and 95%. Our combined modeling results clearly indicate that the gas hydrate-bearing sand reservoirs in Holes GC955-H and WR313-H are highly anisotropic due to varying saturations of gas hydrate forming in thin layers within larger sand units.
title: Rural-Urban Personality Differences in Utah Adolescents As Measured by the CPI
Creators: name: Nelson, Benjamin K
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: The CPI (California Psychological Inventory) was administered to 395 high school students to determine if personality differences exist between rural and urban adolescents in Utah. Of those tested, 219 were selected from three rural schools and 176 were selected from three urban schools.
Ten of the eighteen individual scales of the CPI showed differences between rural and urban students at the P
Geological setting and surficial sediments of Fatty Basin, a shallow inlet on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
Creators: name: Wiese, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Fatty Basin and Useless Inlet result from modification by water and ice erosion of depressions caused by Early Tertiary faulting. Uplift of the land due to post-glacial rebound is in excess of 6 m (20 ft) for the last 7000 years. Shallow entrance sills cause the inlets to act as traps for organic detritus brought in by tidal action. The rate of deposition of fine-grained suspended debris is in the range of 900 g/m² /year, with maximum deposition during late summer, when phytodetritus is most abundant. Five sedimentary environments exist in Fatty Basin, namely mud zones, rock slopes, beaches, deltas, and zones of strong currents. In addition to boulder accumulations and bedrock exposures, general categories of sediments are pebbles and gravels, terrestrial sands, shell debris, muds, and shell-gravel mixtures. Statistical analysis of the size distribution of 125 samples resulted in recognition of 8 groups of sediments, which were then subdivided into 13 types on the basis of composition and grain shape. Olive-green mud rich in organic matter covers almost three-quarters of the bottom surface in the Basin. Coarse terrestrial sands are derived mainly from bedrock exposures within about 300 ft of the shore, whereas most of the fine sands, silts, and clays originate from glacial sediments. The source area for glacial debris is in the Henderson Lake region, underlain dominantly by Karmutsen basalts. Shell debris, notably barnacle plates and calcareous worm tubes, is essentially confined to the rock-slope environment, where it accumulates in a narrow zone along the base of steep slopes. The rock-slope environment represents a preferred habitat for lobsters, because it offers better shelter and food supply than the other environments. In Fatty Basin, the total area most suitable to lobsters amounts to about 38,000 m² (=7% of the bottom surface), in Useless Inlet, this area covers 135,000 m² (= 5% of the bottom surface).
Vision and values in independent school leadership : a study of William Nicolle Oats
Creators: name: Given, Sheila
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Theories on the phenomenon of leadership have accumulated in this decade: from them has emerged an appreciation of the significance which the vision and values of leaders has for their organisations. In this dissertation, consideration is given to relevant literature, but the central focus is a study of an individual school leader in the non-government system of education in Australia. The 'portrait' which is constructed of him is viewed in the light of findings on outstanding leadership in many fields. What this leader did, when and where he did it, and, particularly, why and how he may have performed in the way that he did, is appraised, in the manner of Lightfoot (1983). The performance is measured in relation to the philosophical orientations of Hodgkinson (1983). An assessment is made regarding the contribution to the achievement of excellent education which the personal vision and values of this one leader may have made during a long period of leadership.
Bolide summer: The Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum as a response to an extraterrestrial trigger
Creators: name: Cramer, Benjamin S.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Paleoclimatology

description: The standard paradigm that the Paleocene/Eocene thermal maximum (PETM) represents a threshold event intrinsic to Earth's climate and connected in some way with long-term warming has influenced interpretations of the geochemical, climate, and biological perturbations that occurred at this event. As recent high-resolution data have demonstrated that the onset of the event was geologically instantaneous, attempts to account for the event solely through endogenous mechanisms have become increasingly strained. The rapid onset of the event indicates that it was triggered by a catastrophic event which we suggest was most likely a bolide impact. We discuss features of the PETM that require explanation and argue that mechanisms that have previously been proposed either cannot explain all of these features or would require some sort of high-energy trigger. A bolide impact could provide such a trigger and, in the event of a comet impact, could contribute directly to the shape of the carbon isotope curve. We introduce a carbon cycle model that would explain the PETM by global warming following a bolide impact, leading to the oxidation of terrestrial organic carbon stores built up during the late Paleocene. Our intention is to encourage other researchers to seriously consider an impact trigger for the PETM, especially in the absence of plausible alternative mechanisms.
The Fundamental Planes of E+A galaxies and GALEX UV-excess early-type galaxies: Revealing their intimate connection
Creators: name: Choi, Yumi
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Yoon, Suk-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong Balmer absorption lines and the lack of Ha and [OII] emission lines signify that E+As are post-starburst systems. Recent studies suggest that E+As may undergo the transition from the `blue cloud' to the `red sequence' and eventually migrate to red sequence ETGs. An observational validation of this scenario is to identify the intervening galaxy population between E+As and the red-sequence. Motivated by recent findings with GALEX that a large fraction of ETGs exhibit UV-excess as a sign of RSF, we investigate the possible connection of the UV-excess galaxies to E+As. In particular, we examine the FP scaling relations of the largest sample of ~1,000 E+As selected from the SDSS and ~20,000 morphologically-selected SDSS ETGs with GALEX UV data. The FP parameters, combined with stellar population indicators, reveal a certain group of UV-excess ETGs that bridges between E+As and quiescent red galaxies. The newly identified galaxies are the post-starburst systems characterized by UV-excess but no Ha emission. This is a conceptual generalisation of "E+A", in that the Balmer absorption line in the "E+A" definition is replaced with UV-optical colours that are far more sensitive to RSF than the Balmer lines. We refer to these UV-excess galaxies as "E+a" galaxies, which stands for elliptical ("E") galaxies with a minority of A-type ("a") young stars. The species are either (1) galaxies that experienced starbursts weaker than those observed in E+As (1~10% of E+As, "mild E+As") or (2) the products of passively evolved E+As after quenching star formation quite a while ago (~1 Gyr, "old E+As"). We suggest that the latter type of E+a galaxies represents the most recent arrival to the red sequence in the final phase of the "E+A" to "red early-type" transition. (Abridged)
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
MPEC 2025-G28 : 2025 FL20
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2025 FL20

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: College Level Career Counseling
Creators: name: Roost, Ain
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: This study was designed to examine and evaluate vocational decision making and counseling at Utah State University and to provide a basis for further research. A written questionnaire was given to a random sample of 500 college students on the Utah State University campus.
It was found that over 15% of freshmen could not express a vocational choice, and of those who could,their commitment to it was weaker than the other classes. Immediate family, friends and college professors were the most influential people in making a career choice, with the influence of college counselors being almost negligible. Other than influential people, personal interests, previous work experience and a desire to contribute to society were the strongest influences in making a career decision. Two thirds of the students surveyed were not able to list the counseling service as a source of help in career decision-making, and when the counseling service was used, its helpfulness was rated low compared to most other sources of help. There does not seem to be as much shifting of majors and career choices as one might expect; three quarters of the students surveyed had changed their major only once, or not at all. Over two thirds of the students did not have definite plans to seek career counseling, (most of them) because they felt they didn't need it or felt it wouldn't be helpful.
The following recommendations were made:

In the extension of career counseling services, an emphasis should be placed in reaching freshmen.
In labelling the services offered, the term "career counseling" should be used instead of "vocational counseling", to avoid the mistaken connotations often attached to the word "vocational".
The current methods of informing the students of the career counseling services available to them should be reevaluated and changed to more effectively publicize these services.
The present career counseling services need to be further developed using information from the literature and survey that has been reported.
A Model for the Prediction of Harmful Algae Blooms in the Vietnamese Upwelling Area
Creators: name: Dippner, Joachim W.
name: Lam, Nguyen Ngoc
name: Hai, Doan Nhu
name: Subramaniam, Ajit
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Upwelling (Oceanography)
subject: Algal blooms

description: Satellite pictures and in situ observations indicate strong phytoplankton blooms including harmful algae blooms (HABs) during southwest (SW) summer monsoon in the Vietnamese upwelling area. In this period, nutrients are provided by coastal upwelling and by the very high river runoff from the Mekong River. During SW monsoon, in general two circulation patterns exist which allow the prediction of advection and diffusion of HAB patches. A Lagrangian HAB model that is driven by a circulation model and applied to HABs in Vietnamese waters is presented. Advection which is the most complicated part in modelling transport of passive substances is validated with a Lagrangian sediment trap experiment. The model produces realistic results compared to in situ observations and satellite images and might be used for real time forecast in the future.
The evaluation and re-development of the junior school curriculum (grades 7 and 8) at Exeter High School
Creators: name: Crowden, Philip C H
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This evaluation focuses on the junior curriculum (Grades 7 and 8) at Exeter High School, and seeks to identify weaknesses and inadequacies in the existing programme and in the links with the curricula in Grade 6 and Grade 9, and to devise solutions to overcome any identified shortcomings. The evaluation was undertaken in response to growing concern among staff, students and parents, who saw the non ‚ÄövÑvÆ basic Grade 8 curriculum in particular as inflexible and unresponsive to changing needs and circumstances. A Curriculum Review Committee was set up to conduct the evaluation and, with unanimous staff support, was keen to see the results of the evaluation translated into changes that would improve the junior curriculum, and therefore the over all quality of education provided at Exeter High School. In response to time constraints, and eager to see changes implemented in time for the 1988 school year, the evaluation was conducted in two parts; firstly the evaluation of the Grade 8 curriculum and secondly, the evaluation of the Grade 6 ‚ÄövÑvÆ 7 curriculum transition. Substantial changes have been made to the Grade 8 non‚ÄövÑvÆbasic subject curiculum which seek to rectify the problems identified. This 'new' curriculum became operational at the start of 1988.
Ultrahigh Resolution Marine Magnetic Anomaly Profiles: A Record of Continuous Paleointensity Variations?
Creators: name: Cande, Steven C.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A distinctive pattern of small-scale marine magnetic anomalies (25-100 nT amplitude, 8-25 km wavelength: tiny wiggles) is superimposed on the more generally recognized seafloor spreading pattern between anomalies 24 and 27 in the Indian Ocean. By normalizing and stacking multiple profiles, it is demonstrated that this pattern of tiny wiggles is a high-resolution recording of paleodipole field behavior between chrons C24 and C27. The pattern of tiny wiggles between anomalies 26 and 27 is compared to an ultrafast spreading (82 mm/yr half rate) profile from the southeast Pacific where a similar signal is observed, confirming the paleodipole field origin of the anomalies. Two basic models are considered in which the tiny wiggles are attributed either to short polarity intervals or to paleointensity fluctuations. We conclude that tiny wiggles are most likely caused by paleointensity fluctuations of the dipole field and are a ubiquitous background signal to most fast spreading magnetic profiles. The implications of this study are that (1) tiny wiggles may provide information on the temporal evolution of the geomagnetic dynamo; (2) the small-scale anomalies observed in the Jurassic quiet zones may be due to paleointensity fluctuations; (3) tiny wiggles are potential time markers in large regions of uniform crustal polarity such as the Cretaceous quiet zones; and (4) much of the variance in anomaly profiles normally attributed to crustal emplacement processes, particularly at fast and ultrafast spreading rates, is actually due to intensity variations in the paleomagnetic field.
title: The Development of Career Activities for Fourth Grade Students
Creators: name: Southwick, Barbara P. M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1972

description: Today's youth have few real contacts with the work world and have little knowledge of what is expected from them. Many grade school youngsters are not aware of the type of work their parents are doing. Some do not even know where their parents work. It is difficult for most elementary students to see the relationship between their present school activities and their future life. And all too often, students can not express personal goals or plans.
As students become more aware of the world of work, they should be better prepared to enter it and they should also develop an appreciation of work and a self-concept that leads to a more fruitful and satisfactory life.
The career development approach is underway to some degree in every state in the Union, largely through the efforts of the United States Office of Education. It is growing in prominence in local systems and has indeed become a top priority item nationally under Commissioner Sidney P. Marland. Each state has been asked to undertake plans (with federal funds) for one or more career education projects of its own. Commissioner Marland (1972) plans that pupils in the first six grades would become familiar with the career clusters through instructional materials, field trips, and the kinds of teaching approaches now used to compliment courses in basic language, social studies, science, and mathematics. He also encourages teachers of all subjects to learn new techniques on relating their work to career education purposes. The program is expected to enhance the quality of learning in the academic subjects as a result of more realistic motivation.
The 2008 August 1 Eclipse Solar-Minimum Corona Unraveled
Creators: name: Pasachoff, Jay M.
name: Rusin, Vojtech
name: Druckmuller, Miloslav
name: Aniol, Peter
name: Saniga, Metod
name: Minarovjech, Milan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss results stemming from observations of the white-light and [Fe XIV] emission corona during the total eclipse of the Sun of 2008 August 1, in Mongolia (Altaj region) and in Russia (Akademgorodok, Novosibirsk, Siberia). Corresponding to the current extreme solar minimum, the white-light corona, visible up to 20 solar radii, was of a transient type with well-pronounced helmet streamers situated above a chain of prominences at position angles 48, 130, 241 and 322 degrees. A variety of coronal holes, filled with a number of thin polar plumes, were seen around the poles. Furthering an original method of image processing, stars up to 12 magnitude, a Kreutz-group comet (C/2008 O1), and a coronal mass ejection (CME) were also detected, with the smallest resolvable structures being of, and at some places even less than, 1 arcsec. Differences, presumably motions, in the corona and prominences are seen even with the 19-min time difference between our sites. In addition to the high-resolution coronal images, which show the continuum corona (K-corona) that results from electron scattering of photospheric light, images of the overlapping green-emission-line (530.3 nm, [Fe XIV]) corona were obtained with the help of two narrow-passband filters (centered on the line itself and for the continuum in the vicinity of 529.1 nm, respectively), each with FWHM of 0.15 nm. Through solar observations, on whose scheduling and details we consulted, with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, Hinode's XRT and SOT, TRACE, and STEREO, as well as Wilcox Solar Observatory and SOHO/MDI magnetograms, we set our eclipse observations in the context of the current unusually low and prolonged solar minimum.
description: Accepted in The Astrophysical Journal, 6 July 2009
Satellite constellations, astronomy, and the future of our sky
Creators: name: Rawls, Meredith L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: satellite constellations

description: Slides for a University of Arizona Steward Observatory and NSF's NOIRLab Joint Colloquium, delivered November 4 2021. Very similar to slides for a USF Colloquium I gave in October 2021 with the same title. Abstract: We are witnessing a new era as skies fill with thousands of low-Earth-orbit satellites that reflect sunlight. Observational astronomy at all wavelengths is increasingly affected, and so is the shared human experience of the night sky. For optical ground-based astronomy, the impacts of satellites are worst for large wide-field facilities. One urgent example is Vera C. Rubin Observatory in Chile, which will begin a ten-year sky survey in 2024. I will discuss how satellite streaks can impede discovery, and share recent studies that aim to better quantify this. Finally, I will describe the work underway by small, dedicated, international teams to understand, disseminate, and mitigate the impacts on science and our sky.
title: Increasing Resistance to the Negative Effects of Set
Creators: name: Chance, Paul B.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1973

description: Two experimental studies were reported in which attempts were made to increase resistance to the negative effects of set. Set interference was measured by performance on 1) a task in which a set was experimentally induced, 2) a series of problems presumed to involve implicit sets, and 3) a test of creativity presumed to involve implicit sets.
The experimental treatments consisted of tasks which required set-breaking. An important aspect of this research was that no hints or instructions concerning sets were provided.
The findings offer modest support for the view that learning experiences can be designed which will increase resistance to interference from set. Suggestions for future research on this problem were discussed. These experiments utilized a novel research design in which each group of subjects acted as both an experimental and a control group. Thus, each study was, in essence, two studies. The advantages and limitations of this design were discussed.
Brunhes-Matuyama Polarity Transition in Three Deep-Sea Sediment Cores
Creators: name: Clement, Bradford M.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Opdyke, Neil D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1982
Subjects: Geology, Stratigraphic

description: The Brunhes-Matuyama polarity transition was studied in three deep-sea sediment cores obtained from the mid-northern and equatorial Pacific Ocean. Rates of sedimentation vary from 0.7 to 1.1 cm ka-1. The cores were sampled across the transition in 4 mm slices, and each level was further subdivided into three specimens. Inclinations above and below the transition interval are in close agreement with that of an axial dipole field. Estimates of transition duration based on directional change range from 4900 to 8500 years. The transition can be described by a longitudinally confined portion in each of the v.g.p. paths, but is complicated by broad loops in all three records. While fine-scale sampling reveals considerable detail, the notable increase in within-level dispersion observed in the transition and the apparent differences in v.g.p. paths in nearby cores from the same region indicate that factors other than the geomagnetic field may contribute to these transition records.
The MSSM with large tan(beta) beyond the decoupling limit
Creators: name: Hofer, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For large values of tan(beta) interesting effects arise in the MSSM due to the enhancement of down-quark self-energies. These effects are well-studied within the decoupling limit, i.e. in the limit of supersymmetric masses far above the electroweak scale. In this article I discuss those issues which emerge from a treatment of these effects that goes beyond the decoupling limit.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Talk given at the Flavianet Workshop on Low energy constraints on extensions of the Standard Model, 23-27 July 2009, Kazimierz, Poland
title: Anxiety Correlates of Sex Role Identity
Creators: name: Biaggio, Mary Kay
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in anxiety levels between the sexes and between sex role identification groups (as defined by scores on a test of masculinity-femininity). Possible explanations for these differences were explored using a questionnaire made up of an openness versus closedness scale, a liberalism versus conservatism scale, and a cross-sex versus same-sex parent identification scale.
A sample of 108 females and 71 males was administered Gough's Femininity Scale, Cattell's IPAT Anxiety Scale Questionnaire, Taylor's Manifest Anxiety Scale, and a questionnaire devised for this particular study.
The sexes did not differ significantly in anxiety level but it was found that feminine persons of both sexes had higher anxiety levels on both of the anxiety scales employed. Females were more open than males on the openness versus closedness scale and feminine persons of both sexes were more open than masculine persons. This study suggests the possibility that higher anxiety levels in females and feminine persons may be due to greater openness.
A detailed record of the Lower Jaramillo polarity transition from a southern hemisphere deep sea sediment core
Creators: name: Clement, Bradford M.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A detailed record of the lower Jaramillo (reversed to normal) polarity transition was obtained from a southern hemisphere, deep-sea sediment core (latitude = 35.91°E, longitude = 59.97°E) The record consists of over 850 samples taken across 140 cm of section. The transition itself is recorded across approximately 70 cm and is represented by more than 475 specimens from about 160 levels giving intermediate directions. The transition is identified by a nearly 180° shift from directions in good agreement with a reversed, axial dipole field to those closely aligned with a normal, axial dipole field for the core site latitude. The inclinations shallow gradually early in the reversal and pass through very steep negative values (-80°) late in the transition. The declinations show little appreciable variation until the inclinations have moved through the near vertical, and then slowly approach values in agreement with a normal polarity field. An intensity low accompanies the directional change during which the intensity drops to less than 15% of the maximum values observed in this sample interval. The intensity fluctuation spans a wider interval than the directional change, decreasing prior to any systematic change in the directions and then increasing to pre-transition levels by the same depth at which the directions have stabilized. The VGP path constructed for this reversal is longitudinally constrained to a certain extent, between 140° and 230° for intermediate VGP latitudes and is roughly centered 120° from the site longitude. This path is therefore a far-sided VGP path in Hoffman's [1977] terminology. Assuming a constant sedimentation rate (67m/Ma) through the Jaramillo Subchron, the duration of the transition is estimated to be 11,200 years to 4,500 years (depending on the criteria) for the directional change, whereas the associated intensity variation occurred over 15,000 to 20,000 years. Considered together with records of the most recent reversal (Matuyama/Brunhes) in light of current transitional field models, this record strongly suggests that the lower Jaramillo transitional field was dominated by different harmonics than the Matuyam/Brunhes transitional field.
An experimental study of interference effects between closely spaced wires of an X-type hot-wire probe
Creators: name: Jerome, Frederick Ernest
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The Disa type 55A32 X-wire probe has been widely used in turbulence measurements. However, the author was unable to obtain agreement between turbulence measurements made simultaneously with this type of X-wire probe and an ultrasonic anemometer at the same position in the atmospheric boundary layer over the ocean. The nature of the disagreement between the two instruments suggested that there existed an unexpected response of the wires to the cross stream wind component normal to the plane of the X-array. Wind tunnel experiments confirmed this response and attributed most of it to thermal coupling between the two wires of the array via their hot wakes. The prongs and/or probe body were also shown to be contributors to the anomalous responses of the X-wires. Similar experiments carried out with a Thermo-Systems model 1241-20 X-probe (with a sensor length to sensor separation ratio of 5/8 compared with 0.2 or less for the Disa 55A32 X-wire probe) demonstrated that the interference effects were absent (or, at least, insignificant). As a consequence of these findings, the Disa Electronik A/s company of Herlev, Denmark, modified their 55A32, 55A38 and 55A39 lines of X-wire probes to make the length/separation ratio close to unity.
Magnetostratigraphic reinvestigation of the Palaeocene/Eocene boundary interval in Hole 690B, Maud Rise, Antarctica
Creators: name: Ali, Jason R.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Hailwood, Ernie A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Hole 690B, drilled on Maud Rise near Antarctica, provides one of the most important Palaeocene/Eocene boundary interval sections. Magnetostratigraphy plays a key role in dating Palaeocene/Eocene boundary events, but there are two problems with the published scheme in Hole 690B. The first concerns major mismatches of several magnetozones and biozones in the succession. The second is an unexplained pervasive declination cluster, which should not be present in these azimuthally unoriented piston cores. To resolve these issues, a palaeomagnetic reinvestigation was carried out on 98 specimens from 12 cores through the upper Palaeocene-middle Eocene section in Hole 690B. The bulk of the samples carry an approximately uniformly directed magnetically hard component resulting in a declination cluster effectively identical to that of the earlier study. The spurious magnetization can be explained either as an 'inward-radial magnetization' or as a 'core-split overprint'. By estimating the extent of the overprint within each sample, it has been possible to construct a filtered magnetostratigraphy for the section. The result is that many of the magnetozone-biozone mismatches are eliminated, and the record of the 2.5 Myr Chron C24r, which brackets the various events associated with the Palaeocene/Eocene boundary, is considerably cleaner. It is not possible to define the upper and lower boundaries of this magnetochron, so we recommend that the dating of the events within this section be based on the biostratigraphy only.
title: Response Selectivity as a Function of Developmental Activity Level
Creators: name: Beck, Wilford William
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: Research in hyperactivity has been primarily concerned with demonstrating casual relationships with cerebral dysfunction of the effects of drugs on improving learning performance. Studies which have attempted to focus on other factors influencing learning performance have demonstrated IQ and perceptual motor differences between hyperactive and normal children.
More recently Koegel and Covert have shown that, among a group of autistic children, over-selectivity of components from stimulus complex may adversely influence learning performance on a simultaneous discrimination task. There have been no demonstrations of this phenomena with hyperactive children.
The present study employed a simultaneous discrimination task composed of two stimulus complexes. Each complex in turn consisted of three geometric forms. Children were randomly selected, rated for activity level and then trained to respond reliably to specific complex. Once the discrimination to one of the complexes was established, the child was exposed to random pairs of components (one from the SD complex and one from the SΔ complex). Responses to either SD or SΔ were recorded.
A significant relationship was found between over-selectivity for one or more SD components as a function of increasing activity level. Response errors were found to be related to selectivity but not to activity level.
It would appear that performance deficits in learning a discrimination task may be, in part, related to over-selective focusing which results in failure to learn and hence, to integrate the entire stimulus complex.
Multi-gigahertz operation of photon counting InGaAs avalanche photodiodes
Creators: name: Yuan, Z. L.
name: Sharpe, A. W.
name: Dynes, J. F.
name: Dixon, A. R.
name: Shields, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a 2 GHz operation of InGaAs avalanche photodiodes for efficient single photon detection at telecom wavelengths. Employing a self-differencing circuit that incorporates tuneability in both frequency and arm balancing, extremely weak avalanches can now be sensed so as to suppress afterpulsing. The afterpulse probability is characterized as 4.84% and 1.42% for a photon detection efficiency of 23.5% and 11.8%, respectively. The device will further increase the secure bit rate for fiber wavelength quantum key distribution.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Be Creative, Determined, and Wise: Open Library Publishing and the Global South
Creators: name: Baker, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Library science

description: Libraries throughout the world are increasingly involved in the production of scholarly publications. Much of this has been thanks to the growth of open access (OA) publishing in all its forms, from peer-reviewed “gold” journals to “green” self-archiving, and electronic theses and dissertation (ETD) repositories. As a result, more and more of the world’s scientific, medical, and scholarly research is freely available online. Libraries’ quickly evolving capacity as OA publishers holds great promise for students, teachers, and researchers—not to mention farmers, entrepreneurs, and civil society groups—in developing regions of the world. The vast majority of research is still produced and used in a handful of economically powerful countries. This disparity of access to knowledge is slowly being corrected, at least in some disciplines, thanks in no small part to the work and advocacy of librarians.