cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
D8.1 Report on IPR/ Exploitation Seminars
Creators: name: AXIA Innovation GmbH
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: AGRICORE H2020

description: Within the framework of AGRICORE’s WP8-related activities, particularly in Task 8.1 “IPR management”, three IPR exploitation workshops were organized and held by partner AXIA aiming to support the project’s exploitation planning and provide a basis for the rest of the WP8’s activities. Given the current pandemic situation, in order to achieve the timely and successful implementation of the project those 3 workshops were held remotely in the form of online webinars. In addition to the workshops, the IPR management analysis was carried out utilizing IPR and exploitation questionnaires that were circulated amongst the project partners, providing valuable inputs, and gathering the required information. Finally, individual online meetings were held between the IPR management team and each of the project partners, aiming to result in a clear characterization of the partners’ IPR as well as their exploitation paths and IP protection intentions.This deliverable summarizes the aforementioned work, illustrating how the 3 IPR workshops were used together with the individual meetings and the circulated questionnaires to support and optimize AGRICORE’s IPR management, boosting its potential impact. The presentations of the 3 workshops are illustrated and put into perspective on how they integrate to the general IPR management strategy of the project.Additionally, the characterization and determination of the partners’ background and foreground coming into the AGRICORE project are presented. Based on this, the identification of the individual key exploitable results arising from the respective backgrounds is illustrated and cataloged. Moreover, the deliverable includes a draft analysis of the IPR management plan highlighting the exploitation roadmap per partner based on their individual Ker Exploitation Results. In particular, special attention was paid to the exploitation intentions of AGRICORE partners for their individual KERs. Such intentions incorporate the foreseen and the potential exploitation routes of those results, as well as the IP protection planning and important aspects of it.This report will also be used as input for upcoming key activities of the project such as the AGRICORE Suite’s open-source software license selection in Task 8.4. Particular focus was placed on the concepts surrounding open-source software licenses in the IPR exploitation workshops. The key ideas behind them were discussed and various examples were provided, in the workshops as well as in the individual meetings, focusing on supporting the consortium in the selection process and providing basic background on the selection criteria. Furthermore, the KER characterization included the identification and targeted gathering of information that are necessary for the license selection, covering important aspects of the selection criteria (dependencies, derivative works, exploitation routes).
Universal behavior of the bosonic metallic ground state in a two-dimensional superconductor
Creators: name: Chen, Zhuoyu
name: Wang, Bai Yang
name: Swartz, Adrian G.
name: Yoon, Hyeok
name: Hikita, Yasuyuki
name: Raghu, Srinivas
name: Hwang, Harold Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous metallic behavior, marked by a saturating finite resistivity much lower than the Drude estimate, has been observed in a wide range of two-dimensional superconductors. Utilizing the electrostatically gated LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface as a versatile platform for superconductor-metal quantum phase transitions, we probe variations in the gate, magnetic field, and temperature to construct a phase diagram crossing from superconductor, anomalous metal, vortex liquid, to Drude metal states, combining longitudinal and Hall resistivity measurements. We find that the anomalous metal phases induced by gating and magnetic field, although differing in symmetry, are connected in the phase diagram and exhibit similar magnetic field response approaching zero temperature. Namely, within a finite regime of the anomalous metal state, the longitudinal resistivity linearly depends on field while the Hall resistivity diminishes, indicating an emergent particle-hole symmetry. The universal behavior highlights the uniqueness of the quantum bosonic metallic state, distinct from bosonic insulators and vortex liquids.
Variations in the spectral slope of Sgr A* during a NIR flare
Creators: name: Gillessen, S.
name: Eisenhauer, F.
name: Quataert, E.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Paumard, T.
name: Trippe, S.
name: Ott, T.
name: Abuter, R.
name: Eckart, A.
name: Lagage, P. O.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Martins, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed a bright flare of Sgr A* in the near infrared with the adaptive optics assisted integral field spectrometer SINFON. Within the uncertainties, the observed spectrum is featureless and can be described by a power law. Our data suggest that the spectral index is correlated with the instantaneous flux and that both quantities experience significant changes within less than one hour. We argue that the near infrared flares from Sgr A* are due to synchrotron emission of transiently heated electrons, the emission being affected by orbital dynamics and synchrotron cooling, both acting on timescales of ~20 minutes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, emulateapj.cls, accepted by ApJL, v2: more detailed analysis section
title: ЭТОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ СЕМИОТИКА СОСУДИСТОЙ ДЕМЕНЦИИ
title: ETHOLOGICAL SEMIOTICS OF VASCULAR DEMENTIA
Creators: name: Гильбурд, Олег Аркадьевич
name: Коптев, Илья Николаевич
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2018

description: Целью исследования было описание признаков невербального поведения, свойственного пациентам с деменцией цереброваскулярного генеза. Изучен этологический репертуар 54 пациентов с клиническим диагнозом ≪сосудистая деменция≫. Составлен ≪Контрольный перечень этологических признаков сосудистой деменции≫, включающий 45 поведенческих паттернов. Сделан вывод, что использование контрольного перечня этологических признаков сосудистой деменции позволяет максимально объективизировать распознавание сосудистой деменции и верифицировать клинический диагноз.
description: The aim of the study is to describe the signs of nonverbal behavior characteristic of patients with dementia of cerebrovascular origin. The ethological repertoire of 54 patients with the clinical diagnosis of vascular dementia is studied. A “Checklist of ethological signs of vascular dementia” with 45 behavioral patterns is drawn up. This checklist has shown that its use makes it possible to objectify the definition of vascular dementia at the most and to confirm the clinical diagnosis.
Nonequilibrium Charge-Density-Wave Order Beyond the Thermal Limit
Creators: name: Maklar, J.
name: Windsor, Y. W.
name: Nicholson, C. W.
name: Puppin, M.
name: Walmsley, P.
name: Esposito, V.
name: Porer, M.
name: Rittmann, J.
name: Leuenberger, D.
name: Kubli, M.
name: Savoini, M.
name: Abreu, E.
name: Johnson, S. L.
name: Beaud, P.
name: Ingold, G.
name: Staub, U.
name: Fisher, I. R.
name: Ernstorfer, R.
name: Wolf, M.
name: Rettig, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of many-body systems with intense light pulses may lead to novel emergent phenomena far from equilibrium. Recent discoveries, such as the optical enhancement of the critical temperature in certain superconductors and the photo-stabilization of hidden phases, have turned this field into an important research frontier. Here, we demonstrate nonthermal charge-density-wave (CDW) order at electronic temperatures far greater than the thermodynamic transition temperature. Using time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and time-resolved X-ray diffraction, we investigate the electronic and structural order parameters of an ultrafast photoinduced CDW-to-metal transition. Tracking the dynamical CDW recovery as a function of electronic temperature reveals a behaviour markedly different from equilibrium, which we attribute to the suppression of lattice fluctuations in the transient nonthermal phonon distribution. A complete description of the system's coherent and incoherent order-parameter dynamics is given by a time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau framework, providing access to the transient potential energy surfaces.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures
Interpretation of the "S-shaped" temperature dependence of luminescent peaks from semiconductors
Creators: name: Li, Q.
name: Xu, S. J.
name: Xie, M. H.
name: Tong, S. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ``S-shape'' (decrease-increase-decrease) temperature dependence of luminescence peak shift from semiconductors is considered. A luminescence model for localized state ensemble was employed to interpret this anomalous temperature dependence of emission peak. Excellent agreement between the theoretical calculation and the experiments was achieved over the whole studied temperature region. The physical origin of the ``S-shaped'' shift is revealed.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures and 1 table
Measuring Baryon Acoustic Oscillations with Millions of Supernovae
Creators: name: Zhan, Hu
name: Wang, Lifan
name: Pinto, Philip
name: Tyson, J. Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since type Ia Supernovae (SNe) explode in galaxies, they can, in principle, be used as the same tracer of the large-scale structure as their hosts to measure baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs). To realize this, one must obtain a dense integrated sampling of SNe over a large fraction of the sky, which may only be achievable photometrically with future projects such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. The advantage of SN BAOs is that SNe have more uniform luminosities and more accurate photometric redshifts than galaxies, but the disadvantage is that they are transitory and hard to obtain in large number at high redshift. We find that a half-sky photometric SN survey to redshift z = 0.8 is able to measure the baryon signature in the SN spatial power spectrum. Although dark energy constraints from SN BAOs are weak, they can significantly improve the results from SN luminosity distances of the same data, and the combination of the two is no longer sensitive to cosmic microwave background priors.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, ApJL accepted
TypeNet: Deep Learning Keystroke Biometrics
Creators: name: Acien, Alejandro
name: Morales, Aythami
name: Monaco, John V.
name: Vera-Rodriguez, Ruben
name: Fierrez, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the performance of Long Short-Term Memory networks for keystroke biometric authentication at large scale in free-text scenarios. For this we explore the performance of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTMs) networks trained with a moderate number of keystrokes per identity and evaluated under different scenarios including: i) three learning approaches depending on the loss function (softmax, contrastive, and triplet loss); ii) different number of training samples and lengths of keystroke sequences; iii) four databases based on two device types (physical vs touchscreen keyboard); and iv) comparison with existing approaches based on both traditional statistical methods and deep learning architectures. Our approach called TypeNet achieves state-of-the-art keystroke biometric authentication performance with an Equal Error Rate of 2.2% and 9.2% for physical and touchscreen keyboards, respectively, significantly outperforming previous approaches. Our experiments demonstrate a moderate increase in error with up to 100,000 subjects, demonstrating the potential of TypeNet to operate at an Internet scale. To the best of our knowledge, the databases used in this work are the largest existing free-text keystroke databases available for research with more than 136 million keystrokes from 168,000 subjects in physical keyboards, and 60,000 subjects with more than 63 million keystrokes acquired on mobile touchscreens.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2004.03627
Symmetries and Anomalies of (1+1)d Theories: 2-groups and Symmetry Fractionalization
Creators: name: Yu, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interactions of discrete zero-form and one-form global symmetries in (1+1)d theories. Focus is put on the interactions that the symmetries can have on each other, which in this low dimension result in 2-group symmetries or symmetry fractionalization. A large part of the discussion will be to understand a major feature in (1+1)d: the multiple sectors into which a theory decomposes. We perform gauging of the one-form symmetry, and remark on the effects this has on our theories, especially in the case when there is a global 2-group symmetry. We also implement the spectral sequence to calculate anomalies for the 2-group theories and symmetry fractionalized theory in the bosonic and fermionic cases. Lastly, we discuss topological manipulations on the operators which implement the symmetries, and draw insights on the (1+1)d effects of such manipulations by coupling to a bulk (2+1)d theory.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures
Mapping local Hamiltonians of fermions to local Hamiltonians of spins
Creators: name: Verstraete, F.
name: Cirac, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to map local fermionic problems onto local spin problems on a lattice in any dimension. The main idea is to introduce auxiliary degrees of freedom, represented by Majorana fermions, which allow us to extend the Jordan-Wigner transformation to dimensions higher than one. We also discuss the implications of our results in the numerical investigation of fermionic systems.
description: Added explicit mapping
SPAN: Spatial Pyramid Attention Network forImage Manipulation Localization
Creators: name: Hu, Xuefeng
name: Zhang, Zhihan
name: Jiang, Zhenye
name: Chaudhuri, Syomantak
name: Yang, Zhenheng
name: Nevatia, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.9

description: We present a novel framework, Spatial Pyramid Attention Network (SPAN) for detection and localization of multiple types of image manipulations. The proposed architecture efficiently and effectively models the relationship between image patches at multiple scales by constructing a pyramid of local self-attention blocks. The design includes a novel position projection to encode the spatial positions of the patches. SPAN is trained on a generic, synthetic dataset but can also be fine tuned for specific datasets; The proposed method shows significant gains in performance on standard datasets over previous state-of-the-art methods.
description: Accepted at ECCV 2020 (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-030-58589-1_19) Code Available at https://github.com/ZhiHanZ/IRIS0-SPAN/
Estimating the Unquenched Strange Quark Mass from the Lattice Axial Ward Identity
Creators: name: Göckeler, M.
name: Horsley, R.
name: Irving, A. C.
name: Pleiter, D.
name: Rakow, P. E. L.
name: Schierholz, G.
name: Stüben, H.
name: Zanotti, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a determination of the strange quark mass for two flavours (nf=2) of light dynamical quarks using the axial Ward identity. The calculations are performed on the lattice using O(a) improved Wilson fermions and include a fully non-perturbative determination of the renormalisation constant. In the continuum limit we find in the MSbar scheme at 2GeV, ms = 111(6)(4)(6)MeV using the force scale r0 = 0.467fm, where the first error is statistical, the second and third are systematic due to the fit and scale uncertainties respectively. Results are also presented for the light quark mass and the chiral condensate. The corresponding results are also given for r0=0.5fm.
description: 39 pages, 13 figures, latex
Into the Origin of Electrical Conductivity for the Metal-Semiconductor Junction at the Atomic Level
Creators: name: Janas, Arkadiusz
name: Piskorz, Witold
name: Kryshtal, Aleksandr
name: Cempura, Grzegorz
name: Belza, Wojciech
name: Kruk, Adam
name: Jany, Benedykt R.
name: Krok, Franciszek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metal-semiconductor (M-S) junction based devices are commonly used in all sorts of electronic devices. Their electrical properties are defined by the metallic phase properties with a respect to the semiconductor used. Here we make an in-depth survey on the origin of the M-S junction at the atomic scale by studying the properties of the AuIn2 nanoelectrodes formed on the InP(001) surface by the in situ electrical measurements in combination with a detailed investigation of atomically resolved structure supported by the first-principle calculations of its local electrical properties. We have found that a different crystallographic orientation of the same metallic phase with a respect to the semiconductor structure influences strongly the M-S junction rectifying properties by subtle change of the metal Fermi level and influencing the band edge moving at the interface. This ultimately changes conductivity regime between Ohmic and Schottky type. The effect of crystallographic orientation has to be taken into account in the engineering of the M-S junction-based electronic devices.
Theory of Thermal Motion in Electromagnetically Induced Transparency: Diffusion, Doppler, Dicke and Ramsey
Creators: name: Firstenberg, O.
name: Shuker, M.
name: Pugatch, R.
name: Fredkin, D. R.
name: Davidson, N.
name: Ron, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical model for electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in vapor, that incorporates atomic motion and velocity-changing collisions into the dynamics of the density-matrix distribution. Within a unified formalism we demonstrate various motional effects, known for EIT in vapor: Doppler-broadening of the absorption spectrum; Dicke-narrowing and time-of-flight broadening of the transmission window for a finite-sized probe; Diffusion of atomic coherence during storage of light and diffusion of the light-matter excitation during slow-light propagation; and Ramsey-narrowing of the spectrum for a probe and pump beams of finite-size.
description: Reference added, typos corrected
PROBLEMS OF TRAINING INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS TO PASS THE FINAL TEST EXAM DURING DISTANCE LEARNING IN MEDICAL UNIVERSITIES
Creators: name: Garas, M.
name: Savka, I.
name: Ginguliak, O.
name: Ostapchuk, V.
name: Melnychuk, S.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2021
Subjects: medical education
international students
remote learning
test exam.

description: The article shows problems of training the graduates-citizens of foreign countries to licensing integrated exam «Krok 2. Medicine», such as academic dishonesty of students, particularly, during online classes and remote diagnostic-training testing. Thus, remote diagnostic-training testing requires improvement of the meth-odology with the involvement of new information and communication technologies. The written diagnostic-training testing allowed to select students of high-risk group of not passing the licensing integrated exam «Krok 2. Medicine» and should be modified as a change in content on each testing.
Pion Parton Distributions in a non local Lagrangian
Creators: name: Noguera, S.
name: Vento, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use phenomenological nonlocal Lagrangians, which lead to non trivial forms for the quark propagator, to describe the pion. We define a procedure, based on the Dyson-Schwinger equations, for the calculation of the pion parton distributions at low Q^2. The obtained parton distributions fulfill all the wishful properties. Using a convolution approach we incorporate the composite character of the constituent quarks in the formalism. We evolve, using the Renormalization Group, the calculated parton distributions to the experimental scale and compare favorably with the data and draw conclusions.
description: Latex, 11 pages with 6 figures
YUFE Open Science Model and guidelines for researchers' evaluation
Creators: name: Maria Pietilä
name: Katri Rintamäki
name: Jouni Kekäle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: YUFERING
Open Science
Researchers' Evaluation

description: This deliverable presents a pilot model to perform researchers' evaluation focusing on and incentivizing Open Science (the YUFE Open Science model and guidelines for researchers' evaluation) in YUFE alliance members. It presents the YUFERING Academic Assessment Portfolio, which resembles a narrative CV template, developed jointly, and aligned with Task 4.3 of YUFERING (Novel recognition and reward scheme for researchers). The portfolio format serves the aim of delivering a model for piloting researcher assessment based on OS criteria. Open Science is an integral part of the YUFE Academic Assessment Portfolio: OS criteria have been integrated into it, making it a requirement for all researchers completing the portfolio to reflect on their contributions to OS.  In this deliverable, the YUFE Academic Assessment Portfolio is followed by a set of good practices in the assessment of researchers' contributions following the principles of OS and CoARA principles included in the Agreement on Reforming Research Assessment (ARRA).
Discrete Systems in Thermal Physics and Engineering -- A Glance from Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Muschik, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-equilibrium processes in Schottky systems generate by projection onto the equilibrium subspace reversible accompanying processes for which the non-equilibrium variables are functions of the equilibrium ones. The embedding theorem which guarantees the compatibility of the accompanying processes with the non-equilibrium entropy is proved. The non-equilibrium entropy is defined as a state function on the non-equilibrium state space containing the contact temperature as a non-equilibrium variable. If the entropy production does not depend on the internal energy, the contact temperature changes into the thermostatic temperature also in non-equilibrium, a fact which allows to use temperature as a primitive concept in non-equilibrium. The dissipation inequality is revisited, and an efficiency of generalized cyclic processes beyond the Carnot process is achieved.
description: 22 pages
GroupRegNet: A Groupwise One-shot Deep Learning-based 4D Image Registration Method
Creators: name: Zhang, Yunlu
name: Wu, Xue
name: Gach, H. Michael
name: Li, Harold
name: Yang, Deshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Accurate deformable 4-dimensional (4D) (3-dimensional in space and time) medical images registration is essential in a variety of medical applications. Deep learning-based methods have recently gained popularity in this area for the significant lower inference time. However, they suffer from drawbacks of non-optimal accuracy and the requirement of a large amount of training data. A new method named GroupRegNet is proposed to address both limitations. The deformation fields to warp all images in the group into a common template is obtained through one-shot learning. The use of the implicit template reduces bias and accumulated error associated with the specified reference image. The one-shot learning strategy is similar to the conventional iterative optimization method but the motion model and parameters are replaced with a convolutional neural network (CNN) and the weights of the network. GroupRegNet also features a simpler network design and a more straightforward registration process, which eliminates the need to break up the input image into patches. The proposed method was quantitatively evaluated on two public respiratory-binned 4D-CT datasets. The results suggest that GroupRegNet outperforms the latest published deep learning-based methods and is comparable to the top conventional method pTVreg. To facilitate future research, the source code is available at https://github.com/vincentme/GroupRegNet.
YUFE Open Science Syllabus
Creators: name: Eva Méndez
name: Lorenzo Costumato
name: Fabiana Scalabrini
name: Chiara Fantauzzi
name: Miroslav Sirota
name: Raúl Aguilera
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: YUFERING
Open Science

description: This deliverable aims at creating a common syllabus on Open Science for all members of YUFE universities, in order to create that "master syllabus" to train all our researchers in a common framework of OS. The syllabus could be implemented individually, by each member institution (in their national language) now or in the future, in a common course for all the members, online and in English.
On the long-range gravity in warped backgrounds
Creators: name: Smolyakov, Mikhail N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the Randall-Sundrum model with brane-localized curvature terms is considered. Within some range of parameters a compact extra dimension in this model can be astronomically large. In this case the model predicts small deviation from Newton's law at astronomical scales, caused by the massive modes. The existence of this deviation can result in a slight affection on the planetary motion trajectories.
description: LaTeX, 9 pages, typos corrected, reference added
Response of Superheated Droplet Detectors of the PICASSO Dark Matter Search Experiment
Creators: name: The PICASSO Collaboration
name: Barnabe-Heider, M.
name: Behnke, E.
name: Clark, K.
name: Di Marco, M.
name: Doane, P.
name: Feighery, W.
name: Genest, M. -H.
name: Gornea, R.
name: Guenette, R.
name: Kanagalingam, S.
name: Krauss, C. B.
name: Leroy, C.
name: Lessard, L.
name: Levine, I.
name: Martin, J. -P.
name: Muthusi, C.
name: Noble, A. J.
name: Noulty, R.
name: Wichoski, U.
name: Zacek, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of systematic studies of the radiation response of superheated liquid droplet detectors, which are used in the PICASSO dark matter search experiment. This detection technique is based on the phase transitions of superheated liquid Freon droplets dispersed and trapped in a polymerized gel. Phase transitions can be induced by nuclear recoils following particle interactions and, in particular, interactions with Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs). These detectors are threshold devices since a minimal energy deposition is necessary to induce a phase transition and their sensitivity to various types of radiation depends strongly on the operating temperature and pressure. The sensitivity to neutrons, alpha particles and gamma rays was determined as a function of these operating parameters and the results are compared with simulations. In particular, we present a complete characterization of the response of detector modules already in use for a dark matter search at the SNO site to detect WIMPs and discuss possible background sources.
description: 70 pages, 33 low resolution figures; higher resolution figures available at http://picassoweb.lps.umontreal.ca/ . Submitted to NIM A
Randomized Subspace Newton Convex Method Applied to Data-Driven Sensor Selection Problem
Creators: name: Nonomura, Taku
name: Ono, Shunsuke
name: Nakai, Kumi
name: Saito, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The randomized subspace Newton convex methods for the sensor selection problem are proposed. The randomized subspace Newton algorithm is straightforwardly applied to the convex formulation, and the customized method in which the part of the update variables are selected to be the present best sensor candidates is also considered. In the converged solution, almost the same results are obtained by original and randomized-subspace-Newton convex methods. As expected, the randomized-subspace-Newton methods require more computational steps while they reduce the total amount of the computational time because the computational time for one step is significantly reduced by the cubic of the ratio of numbers of randomly updating variables to all the variables. The customized method shows superior performance to the straightforward implementation in terms of the quality of sensors and the computational time.
Temporal Splitting algorithms for non-stationary multiscale problems
Creators: name: Efendiev, Yalchin
name: Pun, Sai-Mang
name: Vabishchevich, Petr N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M22

description: In this paper, we study temporal splitting algorithms for multiscale problems. The exact fine-grid spatial problems typically require some reduction in degrees of freedom. Multiscale algorithms are designed to represent the fine-scale details on a coarse grid and, thus, reduce the problems' size. When solving time-dependent problems, one can take advantage of the multiscale decomposition of the solution and perform temporal splitting by solving smaller-dimensional problems, which is studied in the paper. In the proposed approach, we consider the temporal splitting based on various low dimensional spatial approximations. Because a multiscale spatial splitting gives a "good" decomposition of the solution space, one can achieve an efficient implicit-explicit temporal discretization. We present a recently developed theoretical result in our earlier work and adopt it in this paper for multiscale problems. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed splitting algorithm.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Some Consequences of Dark Energy Density varying Exponentially with Scale Factor
Creators: name: Unnikrishnan, Sanil
name: Seshadri, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we have explored the consequences of a model of dark energy with its energy density varying exponentially with the scale factor. We first consider the model with $ ρ_ϕ \propto e^{κa} $, where $κ$ is a constant. This is a kind of generalisation of the cosmological constant model with $κ= 0$. We show that such an exponentially varying dark energy density with the scale factor naturally leads to an equivalent phantom field. We also consider a model with $ ρ_ϕ \propto e^{κ/a} $ and we show that this also naturally leads to an equivalent phantom field.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
Ordered Counterfactual Explanation by Mixed-Integer Linear Optimization
Creators: name: Kanamori, Kentaro
name: Takagi, Takuya
name: Kobayashi, Ken
name: Ike, Yuichi
name: Uemura, Kento
name: Arimura, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Post-hoc explanation methods for machine learning models have been widely used to support decision-making. One of the popular methods is Counterfactual Explanation (CE), also known as Actionable Recourse, which provides a user with a perturbation vector of features that alters the prediction result. Given a perturbation vector, a user can interpret it as an "action" for obtaining one's desired decision result. In practice, however, showing only a perturbation vector is often insufficient for users to execute the action. The reason is that if there is an asymmetric interaction among features, such as causality, the total cost of the action is expected to depend on the order of changing features. Therefore, practical CE methods are required to provide an appropriate order of changing features in addition to a perturbation vector. For this purpose, we propose a new framework called Ordered Counterfactual Explanation (OrdCE). We introduce a new objective function that evaluates a pair of an action and an order based on feature interaction. To extract an optimal pair, we propose a mixed-integer linear optimization approach with our objective function. Numerical experiments on real datasets demonstrated the effectiveness of our OrdCE in comparison with unordered CE methods.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the 35th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 2021)
Sufficient and Necessary Conditions for CP Conservation in the Case of Degenerate Majorana Neutrino Masses
Creators: name: Yu, Bingrong
name: Zhou, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we carry out a systematic study of the sufficient and necessary conditions for CP conservation in the leptonic sector with massive Majorana neutrinos. In particular, the emphasis is placed on the number of CP-violating phases in the presence of a partial mass degeneracy (e.g., $m^{}_1 = m^{}_2 \neq m^{}_3$) or a complete mass degeneracy $m^{}_1 = m^{}_2 = m^{}_3$, where $m^{}_i$ (for $i = 1, 2, 3$) stand for the masses of three ordinary neutrinos. In the canonical seesaw model with three right-handed neutrino singlets, CP-violating phases in the special case of a partial (e.g., $M^{}_1 = M^{}_2 \neq M^{}_3$) or complete (i.e., $M^{}_1 = M^{}_2 = M^{}_3$) mass degeneracy of three heavy Majorana neutrinos are also examined. In addition, we derive the renormalization-group equations of the weak-basis invariants in the effective theory with a general mass spectrum of Majorana neutrinos, to which the solutions establish the direct connection between CP violation at low- and high-energy scales.
description: 28 pages, 2 tables, more discussions and references added, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Non-Gaussian energy landscape of a simple model for strong network-forming liquids: accurate evaluation of the configurational entropy
Creators: name: Moreno, A. J.
name: Saika-Voivod, I.
name: Zaccarelli, E.
name: La Nave, E.
name: Buldyrev, S. V.
name: Tartaglia, P.
name: Sciortino, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical study of the statistical properties of the potential energy landscape of a simple model for strong network-forming liquids. The model is a system of spherical particles interacting through a square well potential, with an additional constraint that limits the maximum number of bonds, $N_{\rm max}$, per particle. Extensive simulations have been carried out as a function of temperature, packing fraction, and $N_{\rm max}$. The dynamics of this model are characterized by Arrhenius temperature dependence of the transport coefficients and by nearly exponential relaxation of dynamic correlators, i.e. features defining strong glass-forming liquids. This model has two important features: (i) landscape basins can be associated with bonding patterns; (ii) the configurational volume of the basin can be evaluated in a formally exact way, and numerically with arbitrary precision. These features allow us to evaluate the number of different topologies the bonding pattern can adopt. We find that the number of fully bonded configurations, i.e. configurations in which all particles are bonded to $N_{\rm max}$ neighbors, is extensive, suggesting that the configurational entropy of the low temperature fluid is finite. We also evaluate the energy dependence of the configurational entropy close to the fully bonded state, and show that it follows a logarithmic functional form, differently from the quadratic dependence characterizing fragile liquids. We suggest that the presence of a discrete energy scale, provided by the particle bonds, and the intrinsic degeneracy of fully bonded disordered networks differentiates strong from fragile behavior.
description: Final version. Journal of Chemical Physics 124, 204509 (2006)
Tail of the distribution of fatalities in epidemics
Creators: name: Corral, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The size that an epidemic can reach, measured in terms of the number of fatalities, is an extremely relevant quantity. It has been recently claimed [Cirillo & Taleb, Nature Physics 2020] that the size distribution of major epidemics in human history is "extremely fat-tailed", i.e., asymptotically a power law, which has important consequences for risk management. Reanalyzing this data, we find that, although the fatality distribution may be compatible with a power-law tail, these results are not conclusive, and other distributions, not fat-tailed, could explain the data equally well. As an example, simulation of a log-normally distributed random variable provides synthetic data whose statistics are undistinguishable from the statistics of the empirical data. Theoretical reasons justifying a power-law tail as well as limitations in the current data are also discussed.
description: Submitted. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2007.06876
Broadband Finite-Element Impedance Computation for Parasitic Extraction
Creators: name: Stysch, Jonathan
name: Klaedtke, Andreas
name: De Gersem, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Parasitic extraction is a powerful tool in the design process of electromechanical devices, specifically as part of workflows that check electromagnetic compatibility. A novel scheme to extract impedances from CAD device models, suitable for a finite element implementation, is derived from Maxwell's equations in differential form. It provides a foundation for parasitic extraction across a broad frequency range and is able to handle inhomogeneous permittivities and permeabilities, making it more flexible than existing integral equation approaches. The approach allows for the automatic treatment of multi-port models of arbitrary conductor geometry without requiring any significant manual user interaction. This is achieved by computing a connecting source current density that supplies current to the model's terminals, whatever their location in the model, subsequently using this current density to compute the electric field, and finally calculating the impedance via a scalar potential. A mandatory low-frequency stabilization scheme is outlined, ensuring a stable evaluation of the model at low frequencies as well. Two quasistatic approximations and the special case of perfect electric conductors are treated theoretically. The magnetoquasistatic approximation is validated against an analytical model in a numerical experiment. Moreover, the intrinsic capability of the method to treat inhomogeneous permittivities and permeabilities is demonstrated with a simple capacitor-coil model including dielectric insulation and magnetic core materials.
The High Energy Spectrum of NGC 4151
Creators: name: Beckmann, V.
name: Shrader, C. R.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Soldi, S.
name: Lubinski, P.
name: Zdziarski, A. A.
name: Petrucci, P. -O.
name: Malzac, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first INTEGRAL observations of the type 1.5 Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151. Combining several INTEGRAL observations performed during 2003, totaling about 400 ks of exposure time, allows us to study the spectrum in the 2 - 300 keV range. The measurements presented here reveal an overall spectrum from X-rays up to soft gamma-rays that can be described by an absorbed (NH = 6.9e22 1/cm**2) model based on a Compton continuum from a hot electron population (kT = 94 keV) from an optically thick (tau = 1.3) corona, reflected on cold material (R=0.7), consistent with earlier claims. The time resolved analysis shows little variation of the spectral parameters over the duration of the INTEGRAL observations. The comparison with CGRO/OSSE data shows that the same spectral model can be applied over a time span of 15 years, with flux variations of the order of a factor of 2 and changes in the underlying continuum reflected by the temperature of the electron population (kT = 50 - 100 keV). When modeled with an exponentially cut-off power law plus Compton reflection this results in photon indices ranging from Gamma = 1.5 to Gamma = 1.9 and a cut-off energy in the range 100 - 500 keV.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: ИНФЕКЦИЯ МОЧЕВОЙ СИСТЕМЫ У ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ
title: URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Creators: name: Громова, Галина Григорьевна
name: Верижникова, Людмила Николаевна
name: Бурмасова, Аурика Владимировна
name: Шувалова, Ольга Ивановна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2018

description: Цель – анализ литературы и клинических рекомендаций по диагностике, лечению и профилактике инфекции мочевой системы. Изучены клинические практические рекомендации (Российского диализного общества и KDIGO) нефрологов и детских урологов, проведен анализ опыта ведения детей с инфекциями мочевой системы с позиций доказательной медицины. В обзоре представлены современные зарубежные и отечественные данные по распространенности инфекции мочевой системы у детей различных возрастных групп. Описаны клинические формы и диагностические критерии данной патологии. Предложены алгоритмы лечения и противорецидивной терапии больных в зависимости от возраста, пола, наличия фоновых состояний и заболеваний, образа жизни.
description: The aim of the study is to analyze the literature review and clinical recommendations for the diagnostics, treatment and prevention of urinary tract infection. The clinical recommendations (Russian guidelines and KDIGO) of nephrologists and pediatric urologists were studied, as well as the analysis of the experience of management of children with urinary tract infections from the perspective of evidence-based medicine. The review presents current foreign and domestic data on the prevalence of urinary tract infection in children of different age groups. Clinical forms and diagnostic criteria of this pathology are described. Algorithms of treatment and anti-relapse therapy of patients depending on age, sex, the presence of background conditions and diseases, lifestyle are proposed.
Isotropic-Cholesteric Transition of a Weakly Chiral Elastomer Cylinder
Creators: name: Xing, Xiangjun
name: Baskaran, Aparna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a chiral isotropic elastomer is brought to low temperature cholesteric phase, the nematic degree of freedom tends to order and form a helix. Due to the nemato-elastic coupling, this also leads to elastic deformation of the polymer network that is locally coaxial with the nematic order. However, the helical structure of nematic order is incompatible with the energetically preferred elastic deformation. The system is therefore frustrated and appropriate compromise has to be achieved between the nematic ordering and the elastic deformation. For a strongly chiral elastomer whose pitch is much smaller than the system size, this problem has been studied by Pelcotivs and Meyer, as well as by Warner. In this work, we study the isotropic-cholesteric transition in the weak chirality limit, where the pitch is comparable or much larger than system size. We compare two possible solutions: a helical state as well as a double twist state. We find that the double twist state very efficiently minimizes both the elastic free energy and the chiral nematic free energy. On the other hand, the pitch of the helical state is strongly affected by the nemato-elastic coupling. As a result this state is not efficient in minimizing the chiral nematic free energy.
description: 7 pages, 2 eps figures
Disorder-induced topology in quench dynamics
Creators: name: Hsu, Hsiu-Chuan
name: Chiu, Pok-Man
name: Chang, Po-Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of strong disorder on topology and entanglement in quench dynamics. Although disorder-induced topological phases have been well studied in equilibrium, the disorder-induced topology in quench dynamics has not been explored. In this work, we predict a disorder-induced topology of post-quench states characterized by the quantized dynamical Chern number and the crossings in the entanglement spectrum in $(1+1)$ dimensions. The dynamical Chern number undergoes transitions from zero to unity, and back to zero when increasing the disorder strength. The boundaries between different dynamical Chern numbers are determined by delocalized critical points in the post-quench Hamiltonian with the strong disorder. An experimental realization in quantum walks is discussed.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures