cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Differentially Private AirComp Federated Learning with Power Adaptation Harnessing Receiver Noise
Creators: name: Koda, Yusuke
name: Yamamoto, Koji
name: Nishio, Takayuki
name: Morikura, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Over-the-air computation (AirComp)-based federated learning (FL) enables low-latency uploads and the aggregation of machine learning models by exploiting simultaneous co-channel transmission and the resultant waveform superposition. This study aims at realizing secure AirComp-based FL against various privacy attacks where malicious central servers infer clients' private data from aggregated global models. To this end, a differentially private AirComp-based FL is designed in this study, where the key idea is to harness receiver noise perturbation injected to aggregated global models inherently, thereby preventing the inference of clients' private data. However, the variance of the inherent receiver noise is often uncontrollable, which renders the process of injecting an appropriate noise perturbation to achieve a desired privacy level quite challenging. Hence, this study designs transmit power control across clients, wherein the received signal level is adjusted intentionally to control the noise perturbation levels effectively, thereby achieving the desired privacy level. It is observed that a higher privacy level requires lower transmit power, which indicates the tradeoff between the privacy level and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To understand this tradeoff more fully, the closed-form expressions of SNR (with respect to the privacy level) are derived, and the tradeoff is analytically demonstrated. The analytical results also demonstrate that among the configurable parameters, the number of participating clients is a key parameter that enhances the received SNR under the aforementioned tradeoff. The analytical results are validated through numerical evaluations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Livestock and water interactions in mixed crop-livestock farming systems of Sub-Saharan Africa: Interventions for improved productivity
Creators: name: Descheemaeker, Katrien
name: Amede, Tilahun
name: Haileslassie, Amare
name: Descheemaeker, Katrien
name: Amede, Tilahun
name: Haileslassie, Amare
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Farming systems
subject: Livestock
subject: Water productivity
subject: Water scarcity
subject: Land degradation
subject: Feed production
subject: Fodder
subject: Grazing systems
subject: Animal production
subject: Food production
subject: Policy

description: Focusing on mixed crop-livestock farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa, this review brings together the available knowledge in the various components of the livestock and water sectors. Through an analysis of livestock-water interactions, promising strategies and interventions to improve Livestock Water Productivity are proposed. In the biophysical domain, the numerous interventions relate to feed, water and animal management. These are interlinked with interventions in the socio-political-economic domain. The paper identifies critical research and development gaps in terms of methodologies for quantifying water productivity and integrating different scales, and also in terms of institutions and policies.
Additional file 6 of Non-destructive, high-content analysis of wheat grain traits using X-ray micro computed tomography
Creators: name: Hughes, Aoife
name: Askew, Karen
name: Scotson, Callum P.
name: Williams, Kevin
name: Sauze, Colin
name: Corke, Fiona
name: Doonan, John H.
name: Nibau, Candida
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Fig. S2. Ground truthing data. (a) Comparison of grain counts obtained by the method and manual counts done by 3 independent people. Bars represent average ± SD of the 3 counts. (b) Processed image file with segmented out region in green, overlaid with the original image to show that no grain data is lost. (c) Correlation between manual acquired spike weight and grain volume determined by the developed method.
Additional file 4 of Urbanisation, risk stratification and house infestation with a major vector of Chagas disease in an endemic municipality of the Argentine Chaco
Creators: name: Gaspe, María Sol
name: Fernández, María Del Pilar
name: Cardinal, Marta Victoria
name: Enriquez, Gustavo Fabián
name: Rodríguez-Planes, Lucía Inés
name: Macchiaverna, Natalia Paula
name: Gürtler, Ricardo Esteban
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Summary of settlement characteristics by type of environment, Avia Terai, Chaco, 2015–2016. Abbreviation: NR, data not registered.
Probing Single-Electron Spin Decoherence in Quantum Dots using Charged Excitons
Creators: name: Gywat, Oliver
name: Engel, Hans-Andreas
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to use optical detection of magnetic resonance (ODMR) to measure the decoherence time T_{2} of a single electron spin in a semiconductor quantum dot. The electron is in one of the spin 1/2 states and a circularly polarized laser can only create an optical excitation for one of the electron spin states due to Pauli blocking. An applied electron spin resonance (ESR) field leads to Rabi spin flips and thus to a modulation of the photoluminescence or, alternatively, of the photocurrent. This allows one to measure the ESR linewidth and the coherent Rabi oscillations, from which the electron spin decoherence can be determined. We study different possible schemes for such an ODMR setup, including cw or pulsed laser excitation.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. Proceedings of the PASPS3 conference, Santa Barbara, CA (USA). To appear in the Journal of Superconductivity
Additional file 1 of Dried fruit pomace inclusion in poultry diet: growth performance, intestinal morphology and physiology
Creators: name: Colombino, Elena
name: Ferrocino, Ilario
name: Biasato, Ilaria
name: Cocolin, Luca Simone
name: Prieto-Botella, Daniel
name: Zduńczyk, Zenon
name: Jankowski, Jan
name: Milala, Joanna
name: Kosmala, Monika
name: Fotschki, Bartosz
name: Capucchio, Maria Teresa
name: Juśkiewicz, Jerzy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Chemical composition, including polyphenolic fraction in dried fruit pomaces.
HXR emission from an activated flux rope and subsequent evolution of an eruptive long duration solar flare
Creators: name: Sahu, Suraj
name: Joshi, Bhuwan
name: Mitra, Prabir K.
name: Veronig, Astrid M.
name: Yurchyshyn, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a comprehensive study of the evolutionary phases of a major M6.6 long duration event (LDE) with special emphasize on its pre-flare phase. The event occurred in NOAA 12371 on 2015 June 22. A remarkable aspect of the event was an active pre-flare phase lasting for about an hour during which a hot EUV coronal channel was in build-up stage and displayed co-spatial hard X-ray (HXR) emission up to energies of 25 keV. As such, this is the first evidence of HXR coronal channel. The coronal magnetic field configuration based on NLFFF modeling clearly exhibited a magnetic flux rope (MFR) oriented along the polarity inversion line (PIL) and co-spatial with the coronal channel. We observed significant changes in the AR's photospheric magnetic field during an extended period of $\approx$42 hours in the form of rotation of sunspots, moving magnetic features, and flux cancellation along the PIL. Prior to the flare onset, the MFR underwent a slow rise phase ($\approx$14 km s$^{-1}$) for $\approx$12 min which we attribute to the faster build-up and activation of the MFR by tether-cutting reconnection occurring at multiple locations along the MFR itself. The sudden transition in the kinematic evolution of the MFR from the phase of slow to fast rise ($\approx$109 km s$^{-1}$ with acceleration $\approx$110 m s$^{-2}$) precisely divides the pre-flare and impulsive phase of the flare, which points toward the feedback process between the early dynamics of the eruption and the strength of the flare magnetic reconnection.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
title: Is the All-Subjected Principle Extensionally Adequate?
Creators: name: Andrić, Vuko
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: All-Subjected Principle
subject: Boundary Problem
subject: Legal bindingness
subject: Coercion
subject: Legal norms of referral
subject: International administrative assistance
subject: 100

description: This paper critiques the All-Subjected Principle. The All-Subjected Principle is one of the most prominent answers to the Boundary Problem, which consists in determining who should be entitled to participate in which democratic decision. The All-Subjected Principle comes in many versions, but the general idea is that all people who are subjected in a relevant sense with regard to a democratic decision should be entitled to participate in that decision. One respect in which versions of the All-Subjected Principle differ concerns how to best understand ‘subjectedness’. One view spells out ‘subjectedness’ in terms of legal bindingness. Another view understands ‘subjectedness’ in terms of coercion. I argue that the All-Subjected Principle is extensionally inadequate on both views in that it yields verdicts that are at odds with our considered judgements about certain cases. These cases involve legal norms of referral or international administrative assistance.
Additional file 3 of Urbanisation, risk stratification and house infestation with a major vector of Chagas disease in an endemic municipality of the Argentine Chaco
Creators: name: Gaspe, María Sol
name: Fernández, María Del Pilar
name: Cardinal, Marta Victoria
name: Enriquez, Gustavo Fabián
name: Rodríguez-Planes, Lucía Inés
name: Macchiaverna, Natalia Paula
name: Gürtler, Ricardo Esteban
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Household number of inhabitants, domestic animals and peridomestic structures by type of environment, Avia Terai, Chaco.
Supersymmetric Lorentz invariant deformations of superspaces
Creators: name: Zheltukhin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lorentz invariant supersymmetric deformations of superspaces based on Moyal star product parametrized by Majorana spinor $λ_{a}$ and Ramond grassmannian vector $ψ_{m}=-{1\over 2}(\barθγ_{m}λ)$ in the spinor realization \cite{VZ} are proposed. The map of supergravity background into composite supercoordinates: $(B^{-1}_{mn}, Ψ^{a}_{m}, C_{ab}) \leftrightarrow (iψ_{m}ψ_{n}, ψ_{m}λ^{a}, λ_{a}λ_{b})$ valid up to the second order corrections in deformation parameter $h$ and transforming the background dependent Lorentz noninvariant (anti)commutators of supercoordinates into their invariant Moyal brackets is revealed. We found one of the deformations to depend on the axial vector $ψ_{1m}={1/2}(\barθγ_{m}γ_{5}λ)$ and to vanish for the $θ$ components with the same chiralities. The deformations in the (super)twistor picture are discussed.
description: Latex, 13 pages, no figures; Talk at the Conference ``Cosmology 2005: a reality check'', December 14-17, 2005, Copenhagen, Denmark; To appear at http://www.astro.ku.dk/dark/workshops/dark05/presentations.html
Health impacts of small reservoirs in Burkina Faso.
Creators: name: Boelee, Eline
name: Cecchi, Philippe
name: Kone, Andre
name: Boelee, Eline
name: Cecchi, Philippe
name: Kone, Andre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Reservoirs
subject: Health hazards
subject: River basins
subject: Water resources development
subject: Environmental effects
subject: Waterborne diseases
subject: Malaria
subject: Schistosomiasis
subject: Control methods
subject: Water policy

description: In Burkina Faso, at least 1,700 small reservoirs have been constructed, most of them during the last 30 years. Numerous and scattered, these beneficial multipurpose systems combine productive with domestic water uses. However, their environmental and health impacts remain insufficiently documented. This report combines data from different sources into syntheses and national maps, with a focus on water-related diseases. The mitigation of negative impacts requires an integrated approach to specifically identify the enhancing and limiting factors that influence environmental impacts and the transmission of diseases around reservoirs. Public awareness campaigns need to accompany the promotion of preventive and curative measures and the development of alternative water sources for domestic supply.
Assessing the economic impact of redistributing water within a catchment: A case study of the Musi Catchment in the Krishna Basin in India
Creators: name: Davidson, Brian
name: Hellegers, Petra J.G.J.
name: Samad, Madar
name: Davidson, Brian
name: Hellegers, Petra J.G.J.
name: Samad, Madar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Economic impact
subject: Catchment areas
subject: River basins
subject: Models
subject: Water allocation

description: The aim in this paper was to present the details of an economic modeling exercise conducted on the Musi Catchment of the Krishna Basin. The model has the unique characteristic of being able to value the water used on individual crops and in different regions. Thus, the individual values of water used to produce different crops, grown over two different seasons and over five very different regions within a catchment, were determined. This is a significant improvement over previous attempts, where a single value of water in a catchment was derived regardless of what it is used for, when it was used and where it used in the catchment. In addition to the agricultural valuation process, some account was made for the other uses of water and how they should be valued. The worth of these findings cannot be underestimated as the results are useful to those who need to allocate scarce water supplies between competing uses within a catchment. The assumptions underlying the model, the data used and the results and implications drawn are fully detailed in this paper. This model was connected to a hydrological model and used to simulate various scenarios on the water situation facing users in the basin. This model is the forerunner of similar modeling attempts on similar problems in other regions of the Krishna Basin and in the Murray Darling Basin of Australia.
Determining the regimes of cold and warm inflation in the susy hybrid model
Creators: name: Bastero-Gil, Mar
name: Berera, Arjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SUSY hybrid inflation model is found to dissipate radiation during the inflationary period. Analysis is made of parameter regimes in which these dissipative effects are significant. The scalar spectral index, its running, and the tensor-scalar ratio are computed in the entire parameter range of the model. A clear prediction for strong dissipative warm inflation is found for n_S-1 \simeq 0.98 and a low tensor-scalar ratio much below 10^{-6}. The strong dissipative warm inflation regime also is found to have no η-problem and with the field amplitude much below the Planck scale. As will be discussed, this has important theoretical implications in permitting a much wider variety of SUGRA extensions to the basic model.
description: paragraph added at the end of section V; references added; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Institutional settings and livelihood strategies in the Blue Nile Basin: Implications for upstream/downstream linkages
Creators: name: Haileslassie, Amare
name: Hagos, Fitsum
name: Mapedza, Everisto
name: Sadoff, Claudia W.
name: Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
name: Gebreselassie, Solomon
name: Peden, Don
name: Haileslassie, Amare
name: Hagos, Fitsum
name: Mapedza, Everisto
name: Sadoff, Claudia W.
name: Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
name: Gebreselassie, Solomon
name: Peden, Don
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: River basins
subject: Water policy
subject: Institutions
subject: Institutional development
subject: Farming systems
subject: Mixed farming
subject: Cereals
subject: Sorghum
subject: Irrigated farming
subject: Vegetables
subject: Pastoralism
subject: Poverty
subject: Water supply
subject: Sanitation
subject: Labor
subject: Ecosystems
subject: Energy
subject: Water power
subject: Watershed management
subject: Water harvesting
subject: Legal aspects
subject: Environmental policy
subject: Water users associations
subject: Irrigation programs

description: Through rapid assessment of existing literature and review of policy and other official documents, the report synthesizes the existing knowledge and gaps on policies and institutions and identifies key research issues that need in-depth study. The report provides an overview of the range of key livelihoods and production systems in the Blue Nile Basin (BNB) and highlights their relative dependence on, and vulnerability to, water resources and water-related ecosystem services. It also makes an inventory of current water and land related policies and institutions in the BNB, their organizational arrangements, dynamics and linkages and key policy premises. It highlights the major problems in institutional arrangements and policy gaps and makes suggestions for an in-depth Policy and Institutional Studies to be done as part of the Upstream-Downstream Research project.
Additional file 1 of Enhanced production of γ-amino acid 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid by recombinant Corynebacterium glutamicum under oxygen limitation
Creators: name: Kawaguchi, Hideo
name: Hasunuma, Tomohisa
name: Ohnishi, Yasuo
name: Sazuka, Takashi
name: Kondo, Akihiko
name: Ogino, Chiaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Cell growth of strain HKC5037 (Δldh mutant) under oxygen limitation (DO = 0 ppm) in the absence or presence of urea in modified CGX II medium. The strain HKC5037 was grown under aerobic conditions until the late log phase in brain heart infusion medium, and the culture was then inoculated at an initial OD600 of 0.2 into modified CGX II medium containing glucose (40 g/L) as the sole carbon source. During the cultivation, dissolved oxygen (DO) was controlled at 0 ppm using the DO-stat program.
Constraint on $B-L$ cosmic string from leptogenesis with degenerate neutrinos
Creators: name: Gu, Pei-Hong
name: Mao, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the early Universe, as a consequence of $U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge symmetry-breaking, the so-called $B-L$ cosmic strings are expected to be produced at the breaking scale $η_{B-L}$ according to the Kibble mechanism. The decaying, collapsing closed loops of these strings can release the right-handed neutrinos, whose subsequent decay can contribute to the baryon asymmetry of the Universe (BAU), through the "slow death"(SD) process and/or the "quick death"(QD) process. In this paper, we assume that the decay of the lightest heavy Majorana neutrinos released from the $B-L$ cosmic string loops can produce a baryon asymmetry consistent with the cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations. Considering the fact that both the neutrinoless double beta decay experiment and the cosmological data show a preference for degenerate neutrinos, we give the lower limits for the breaking scale $η_{B-L}$ with the neutrino masses $0.06 eV \leq \bar{m}=(m_{1}^{2}+m_{2}^{2}+m_{3}^{2})^{1/2} \leq 1.0 eV$, where the full possible cases of degenerate neutrinos are included. We obtain $η_{B-L}\gtrsim 3.3 \times 10^{15} GeV$, $5.3 \times 10^{15} GeV$ and $9.5 \times 10^{15} GeV$ for $\bar{m}=0.2 eV$, $0.4 eV$ and $1.0 eV$ respectively in the SD process, and find the $B-L$ cosmic string has a very small contribution to the BAU in the QD process.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; revised version, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Dark Nucleosynthesis: Cross-sections and Astrophysical Signals
Creators: name: Mahbubani, Rakhi
name: Redi, Michele
name: Tesi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate dark matter bound-state formation and its implication for indirect-detection experiments. We focus on the case where dark matter is a baryon of a strongly-coupled dark sector and provide generic formulae for the formation of shallow nuclear bound states on emission of photons, and W and Z gauge bosons. These processes can occur via electric and magnetic transitions, and give rise to indirect signals that are testable in monochromatic and diffuse photon measurements by Fermi and HESS. We also study the validity of factorizing the bound-state formation cross section into a short-distance nuclear part multiplied by Sommerfeld-enhancement factors. We find that the short-distance nuclear potential often violates factorization, modifying in particular the location of the peaks associated with zero-energy bound states. Finally we revisit bound-state formation of a (weakly-coupled) Minimal DM quintuplet including isospin-breaking effects, and find it gives rise to indirect-detection signals that are compatible with current bounds.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures; v2 minor changes
Local control of improper ferroelectric domains in YMnO$_3$
Creators: name: Kuerten, Lukas
name: Krohns, Stephan
name: Schoenherr, Peggy
name: Holeczek, Katharina
name: Pomjakushina, Ekaterina
name: Lottermoser, Thomas
name: Trassin, Morgan
name: Meier, Dennis
name: Fiebig, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improper ferroelectrics are described by two order parameters: a primary one, driving a transition to long-range distortive, magnetic or otherwise non-electric order, and the electric polarization, which is induced by the primary order parameter as a secondary, complementary effect. Using low-temperature scanning probe microscopy, we show that improper ferroelectric domains in YMnO$_3$ can be locally switched by electric field poling. However, subsequent temperature changes restore the as-grown domain structure as determined by the primary lattice distortion. The backswitching is explained by uncompensated bound charges occuring at the newly written domain walls due to the lack of mobile screening charges at low temperature. Thus, the polarization of improper ferroelectrics is in many ways subject to the same electrostatics as in their proper counterparts, yet complemented by additional functionalities arising from the primary order parameter. Tailoring the complex interplay between primary order parameter, polarization, and electrostatics is therefore likely to result in novel functionalities specific to improper ferroelectrics.
Atomic Hydrogen Cleaning of Polarized GaAs Photocathodes
Creators: name: Maruyama, T.
name: Luh, D. -A.
name: Brachmann, A.
name: Clendenin, J. E.
name: Garwin, E. L.
name: Harvey, S.
name: Kirby, R. E.
name: Prescott, C. Y.
name: Prepost, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic hydrogen cleaning followed by heat cleaning at 450$^\circ$C was used to prepare negative-electron-affinity GaAs photocathodes. When hydrogen ions were eliminated, quantum efficiencies of 15% were obtained for bulk GaAs cathodes, higher than the results obtained using conventional 600$^\circ$C heat cleaning. The low-temperature cleaning technique was successfully applied to thin, strained GaAs cathodes used for producing highly polarized electrons. No depolarization was observed even when the optimum cleaning time of about 30 seconds was extended by a factor of 100.
Additional file 1 of The effects of inflammatory bowel disease on caregivers: significant burden and loss of productivity
Creators: name: Zand, Aria
name: Kim, Brian J.
name: Deen, Welmoed K. Van
name: Stokes, Zachary
name: Platt, Anya
name: O’Hara, Shelby
name: Khong, Harrison
name: Hommes, Daniel W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Table 1. Comparison of responder/non-responder populations across patient features. t-test for continuous and chi-squared for binary.
Mikromechanische Versagensmodellierung langfaserverstärkter Verbundwerkstoffe
Creators: name: Schmerbauch, Mario
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mikromechanik
subject: Versagensmodellierung
subject: langfaserverstärkte Composites
subject: Interelement-Crack-Method
subject: hochauflösende Methode der Zellen
subject: Bruchortskurven
subject: Rissorientierung
subject: micromechanics
subject: failure modeling
subject: long fiber-reinforced composites
subject: interelement crack method
subject: high-fidelity generalized method of cells
subject: failure envelope
subject: crack orientation
subject: 600
subject: Mikromechanik
subject: Mechanisches Versagen
subject: Modellierung
subject: Faserverstärkung
subject: Verbundwerkstoff
subject: Riss

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2020
Quantum gravity: a fluctuating point of view
Creators: name: Pawlowski, Jan M.
name: Reichert, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution, we discuss the asymptotic safety scenario for quantum gravity with a functional renormalisation group approach that disentangles dynamical metric fluctuations from the background metric. We review the state of the art in pure gravity and general gravity-matter systems. This includes the discussion of results on the existence and properties of the asymptotically safe ultraviolet fixed point, full ultraviolet-infrared trajectories with classical gravity in the infrared, and the curvature dependence of couplings also in gravity-matter systems. The results in gravity-matter systems concern the ultraviolet stability of the fixed point and the dominance of gravity fluctuations in minimally coupled gravity-matter systems. Furthermore, we discuss important physics properties such as locality of the theory, diffeomorphism invariance, background independence, unitarity, and access to observables, as well as open challenges.
description: 36 pages, 10 figures. Review of the fluctuation approach to asymptotically safe quantum gravity. v2: refs updated, matches journal version
Additional file 4 of GeneTonic: an R/Bioconductor package for streamlining the interpretation of RNA-seq data
Creators: name: Marini, Federico
name: Ludt, Annekathrin
name: Linke, Jan
name: Strauch, Konstantin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S1. Screenshot of the Enrichment Map panel in the GeneTonic application. The sidebar menu (A) controls the main navigation in the app, and a common set of options is toggled with the cogs icon (B). The main area of the Enrichment Map panel (C) contains an interactive graph for the enrichment map of the genesets, connected according to their similarity, and color coded according to the specified geneset property (here, the Z-score). Upon clicking on any geneset, a Geneset Box (D) is displayed for further exploration (e.g. to show a volcano plot with the geneset members labelled). The geneset distillery (E) enables the exploration of meta-genesets, derived by computing clusters on the graph object underlying the enrichment map. From the tabular representation, it is possible to visualize meta-genesets as heatmaps (F), or display a modal popup containing the enrichment map where the cluster assignments of the genesets are shown (G).
Minimizing the negative environmental and health impacts of agricultural water resources development in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: McCartney, Matthew P.
name: Boelee, Eline
name: Cofie, Olufunke O.
name: Mutero, Clifford M.
name: McCartney, Matthew P.
name: Boelee, Eline
name: Cofie, Olufunke O.
name: Mutero, Clifford M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water resources development
subject: Irrigation management
subject: Investment
subject: Environmental effects
subject: Public health
subject: Risk management

description: This paper provides a synopsis of environmental and health impacts arising from agricultural water development in sub-Saharan Africa and recommends ways to increase the sustainability of investments in irrigation by giving greater prominence to health and environmental concerns. In many places in the region, irrigation is a key means of enhancing agricultural productivity that can reduce poverty and improve livelihoods. However, failure to adequately foresee, plan and manage the negative environmental and health impacts arising from irrigation undermines the sustainability of many schemes and can worsen poverty. To improve sustainability, environmental and health issues must be at the core of future irrigation development with much greater emphasis on the planning and management of potentially negative impacts. This paper presents a conceptual framework for considering environmental and health issues in tandem; reviews current environmental and health assessment tools; describes national and donor policies; and analyzes current constraints to successful environmental and health planning and management. On the basis of findings, it makes recommendations to improve planning and management across a range of scales. The recommendations are of relevance to both water and agricultural planners and are timely, in the light of recent calls for significant increases in irrigation investment as a contribution to achieving the Millennium Development Goals.
Simulations of Jets Driven by Black Hole Rotation
Creators: name: Semenov, Vladimir
name: Dyadechkin, Sergey
name: Punsly, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of jets emitted from black holes is not well understood, however there are two possible energy sources, the accretion disk or the rotating black hole. Magnetohydrodynamic simulations show a well-defined jet that extracts energy from a black hole. If plasma near the black hole is threaded by large-scale magnetic flux, it will rotate with respect to asymptotic infinity creating large magnetic stresses. These stresses are released as a relativistic jet at the expense of black hole rotational energy. The physics of the jet initiation in the simulations is described by the theory of black hole gravitohydromagnetics.
description: Science VOL 305., pg. 978 8/13/04. Link to movies is http://geo.phys.spbu.ru/~ego/ Note that movies are 3-7 mb and can take awhile to download
Re-examining the Solar Axion Explanation for the XENON1T Excess
Creators: name: Gao, Christina
name: Liu, Jia
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
name: Wang, Xiao-Ping
name: Xue, Wei
name: Zhong, Yi-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The XENON1T collaboration has observed an excess in electronic recoil events below $5~\mathrm{keV}$ over the known background, which could originate from beyond-the-Standard-Model physics. The solar axion is a well-motivated model that has been proposed to explain the excess, though it has tension with astrophysical observations. The axions traveled from the Sun can be absorbed by the electrons in the xenon atoms via the axion-electron coupling. Meanwhile, they can also scatter with the atoms through the inverse Primakoff process via the axion-photon coupling, which emits a photon and mimics the electronic recoil signals. We found that the latter process cannot be neglected. After including the $\rm{keV}$ photon produced via inverse Primakoff in the detection, the tension with the astrophysical constraints can be significantly reduced. We also explore scenarios involving additional new physics to further alleviate the tension with the astrophysical bounds.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; v2: new physics discussion improved; v3: version accepted for publication in PRL; v4: screening length revised
Additional file 1 of Urbanisation, risk stratification and house infestation with a major vector of Chagas disease in an endemic municipality of the Argentine Chaco
Creators: name: Gaspe, María Sol
name: Fernández, María Del Pilar
name: Cardinal, Marta Victoria
name: Enriquez, Gustavo Fabián
name: Rodríguez-Planes, Lucía Inés
name: Macchiaverna, Natalia Paula
name: Gürtler, Ricardo Esteban
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Text S1. Detailed description of the study area.
Additional file 1 of Production of 9,21-dihydroxy-20-methyl-pregna-4-en-3-one from phytosterols in Mycobacterium neoaurum by modifying multiple genes and improving the intracellular environment
Creators: name: Yuan, Chen-Yang
name: Ma, Zhi-Guo
name: Zhang, Jing-Xian
name: Liu, Xiang-Cen
name: Du, Gui-Lin
name: Sun, Jun-Song
name: Shi, Ji-Ping
name: Zhang, Bao-Guo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in this work. Fig. S1. Cell growth of M. neoaurum DSM 44074 and its mutant strains. Fig. S2. Phylogenetic trees of Hsd4A and FadA5.
Additional file 1 of Combined integrin αvβ3 and lactoferrin receptor targeted docetaxel liposomes enhance the brain targeting effect and anti-glioma effect
Creators: name: Qi, Na
name: Zhang, Shangqian
name: Zhou, Xiantai
name: Duan, Wenjuan
name: Gao, Duan
name: Feng, Jianfang
name: Li, Aimin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The chemical structure of DSPE-PEG2000-RGD. Fig. S2. The 1H-NMR spectroscopy of DSPE-PEG2000-RGD. Fig. S3. Anti-tumor effects of DTX-loaded liposomes in vivo. (A) Growth curves of subcutaneous U87 MG tumor volume in nude mice given a tail vein injection with various DTX-loaded liposomes on the day 0, 2, 4, 6, 8,10 and 12; the total dose of DTX is 5 mg·kg−1. (B) Changes in body weight (C) Photographs of tumors at the end of treatments. (D) Tumor weight inhibition rate. (E) Tumor apoptosis cells were detected by TUNEL kit (nuclei and apoptosis cells are stained blue and red, respectively.) Data represented the mean ± SD (n = 5, *p
High resolution tomography for galaxy spectroscopic surveys with angular redshift fluctuations
Creators: name: Legrand, Louis
name: Hernández-Monteagudo, Carlos
name: Douspis, Marian
name: Aghanim, Nabila
name: Angulo, Raúl E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of next-generation spectroscopic galaxy surveys, new statistics of the distribution of matter are currently being developed. Among these, we investigated the angular redshift fluctuations (ARF), which probe the information contained in the projected redshift distribution of galaxies. Relying on the Fisher formalism, we show how ARF will provide complementary cosmological information compared to traditional angular galaxy clustering. We tested both the standard $\mathrm{ΛCDM}$ model and the $\mathrm{wCDM}$ extension. We find that the cosmological and galaxy bias parameters express different degeneracies when inferred from ARF or from angular galaxy clustering. As such, combining both observables breaks these degeneracies and greatly decreases the marginalised uncertainties by a factor of at least two on most parameters for the $\mathrm{ΛCDM}$ and $\mathrm{wCDM}$ models. We find that the ARF combined with angular galaxy clustering provide a great way to probe dark energy by increasing the figure of merit of the $w_0$-$w_{\rm a}$ parameter set by a factor of more than ten compared to angular galaxy clustering alone. Finally, we compared ARF to the CMB lensing constraints on the galaxy bias parameters. We show that a joint analysis of ARF and angular galaxy clustering improves constraints by $\sim 40\%$ on galaxy bias compared to a joint analysis of angular galaxy clustering and CMB lensing.
description: 14 pages, 21 figures, published in A&A
Invariant Differential Operators and Characters of the AdS_4 Algebra
Creators: name: Dobrev, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The aim of this paper is to apply systematically to AdS_4 some modern tools in the representation theory of Lie algebras which are easily generalised to the supersymmetric and quantum group settings and necessary for applications to string theory and integrable models. Here we introduce the necessary representations of the AdS_4 algebra and group. We give explicitly all singular (null) vectors of the reducible AdS_4 Verma modules. These are used to obtain the AdS_4 invariant differential operators. Using this we display a new structure - a diagram involving four partially equivalent reducible representations one of which contains all finite-dimensional irreps of the AdS_4 algebra. We study in more detail the cases involving UIRs, in particular, the Di and the Rac singletons, and the massless UIRs. In the massless case we discover the structure of sets of 2s_0-1 conserved currents for each spin s_0 UIR, s_0=1,3/2,... All massless cases are contained in a one-parameter subfamily of the quartet diagrams mentioned above, the parameter being the spin s_0. Further we give the classification of the so(5,C) irreps presented in a diagramatic way which makes easy the derivation of all character formulae. The paper concludes with a speculation on the possible applications of the character formulae to integrable models.
description: 30 pages, 4 figures, TEX-harvmac with input files: amssym.def, amssym.tex, epsf.tex; version 2 1 reference added; v3: minor corrections; v.4: minor corrections, v.5: minor corrections to conform with version in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen; v.6.: small correction and addition in subsections 4.1 & 4.2
OASIS: Optimal Analysis-Specific Importance Sampling for event generation
Creators: name: Matchev, Konstantin T.
name: Shyamsundar, Prasanth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a technique called Optimal Analysis-Specific Importance Sampling (OASIS) to reduce the number of simulated events required for a high-energy experimental analysis to reach a target sensitivity. We provide recipes to obtain the optimal sampling distributions which preferentially focus the event generation on the regions of phase space with high utility to the experimental analyses. OASIS leads to a conservation of resources at all stages of the Monte Carlo pipeline, including full-detector simulation, and is complementary to approaches which seek to speed-up the simulation pipeline.
description: 45 pages, 13 figures. Submission to SciPost
Environmental and social values of river water: examples from the Menik Ganga, Sri Lanka.
Creators: name: Dissanayake, Priyanka
name: Smakhtin, Vladimir U.
name: Dissanayake, Priyanka
name: Smakhtin, Vladimir U.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Rivers
subject: Ecosystems
subject: Wetlands
subject: Wildlife
subject: Fisheries
subject: Water allocation
subject: Water requirements
subject: Case studies
subject: Economic evaluation

description: Many decisions on water allocation in river basins are made on economic grounds. Environmental and social benefits of water should also be considered in river basin management, and attempts should be made to value them similarly. This is not a straightforward task and very few studies have directly addressed this issue to date. In this paper, the Menik Ganga (River) in southern Sri Lanka is used as a case study to attempt and evaluate the costs and benefits of environmental water allocations, referred to as ‘environmental flows’ (EF). In this study, a broad definition of EF is used: the components of EF evaluated include the requirements of the religious festival, the requirements of the Yala National Park, the requirements of the Pilinnawa Coastal Wetland and the requirements of the Yala Fishery Management Area, off the coast. Almost all estimates are based on use values of EF such as marketed goods and recreation. For some components multiple estimates have been attempted. The religious EF requirement is estimated using the cost of alternative water supplies. The benefits of the EF requirement for the Yala National Park are estimated using the forgone value of tourism in the dry season and the benefits of avoiding the Human-Elephant Conflict. The Additional expenditure for the park in the dry season is also presented as another proxy estimate of the benefits of EF. The Benefit Transfer method was used for the Pilinnawa Wetland and grassland due to data constraints. The market prices of lobster and income of chank divers are used as proxies for the economic benefits of EF to the Yala Fishery Management Area. Finally, the cumulative value of the individual components is presented and discussed. The paper intends to stimulate discussion and further research on the complex subject of valuing the social and environmental benefits of water – whether it is in the Menik Ganga, elsewhere in Sri Lanka or elsewhere in the world.
Obesity: Economic Dimensions of a "Supersize" Problem
Creators: name: Loureiro, Maria L.
name: Loureiro, Maria L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Changes in lifestyles and higher caloric consumption are contributing to increasing obesity rates around the world. This article discusses the role of these and other socioeconomic factors and the magnitude of societal costs caused by the increasing prevalence of obesity.
openACC. An open database of car-following experiments to study the properties of commercial ACC systems
Creators: name: Makridis, Michail
name: Mattas, Konstantinos
name: Anesiadou, Aikaterini
name: Ciuffo, Biagio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Commercial Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems are increasingly available as standard options in modern vehicles. At the same time, still little information is openly available on how these systems actually operate and how different is their behavior, depending on the vehicle manufacturer or model.T o reduce this gap, the present paper summarizes the main features of the openACC, an open-access database of different car-following experiments involving a total of 16 vehicles, 11 of which equipped with state-of-the-art commercial ACC systems. As more test campaigns will be carried out by the authors, OpenACC will evolve accordingly. The activity is performed within the framework of the openData policy of the European Commission Joint Research Centre with the objective to engage the whole scientific community towards a better understanding of the properties of ACC vehicles in view of anticipating their possible impacts on traffic flow and prevent possible problems connected to their widespread. A first preliminary analysis on the properties of the 11 ACC systems is conducted in order to showcase the different research topics that can be studied within this open science initiative.