Nealcidion calcaratum Vlasak & Santos-Silva 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Vlasak, Josef
name: Santos-Silva, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Nealcidion
Nealcidion calcaratum

description: Nealcidion calcaratum sp. nov.
(Figs 28–38)
Description. Holotype male (Figs 28–32, 36–38). Integument mostly dark brown, blackish on some areas; ventral mouthparts reddish brown, except most of basal area of palpomeres black; anteclypeus reddish brown with irregular dark-brown areas interspersed; labrum dark yellowish brown; antennomere III brownish, more dark reddish brown depending on light intensity, except dark-brown apical area; antennomeres IV–VI reddish brown except dark-brown apical area, reddish-brown and dark-brown areas lighter toward X; antennomeres VII–XI orangish brown, except brown apical area of VII–X, and brownish area near apex on XI. Mesoventrite and mesoventral process brown, more dark reddish brown depending on light intensity. Scutellum dark brown centrally, black laterally. Elytra blackish on anterior third and entire sides, gradually lighter toward reddish-brown apex along wide area close to suture. Pro- and mesofemoral peduncles orangish; metafemoral peduncle reddish brown; femoral clubs mostly dark brown; Tibiae with wide dark orangish-brown ring about middle and apical quarter, except ventral surface of metatibiae entirely orangish brown on posterior 2/3; tarsomeres I–II dark reddish brown, except dark-brown apex; tarsomeres III mostly dark reddish brown; tarsomeres IV–V dark orangish brown, except apex of V slightly darker. Ventrites 1–4 mostly reddish brown laterally, mostly blackish centrally, except dark reddish-brown apex, apex lighter on 4; ventrite 5 dark brown with irregular reddish-brown areas interspersed on basal 2/3, light reddish brown on posterior third.
Head. Frons densely, minutely punctate; with abundant sulfur-yellow pubescence close to clypeus and sides of median groove from clypeus to after middle of area between eyes, dense, yellow close to eyes and genae, and sides of superior region of median groove; remaining surface with abundant brown pubescence with yellow pubescence interspersed, except glabrous median groove; with one long, erect brownish seta close to eyes. Antennal tubercles with abundant brown pubescence with yellow pubescence interspersed, except apex with dense yellow pubescence. Area between antennal tubercles with abundant brown pubescence not obscuring integument laterally, abundant pale-yellow pubescence centrally, except glabrous median groove. Area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes with abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous median groove and transverse central area, this area forming a cross with median groove; area between upper eye lobes with abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, dense yellow pubescence centrally, this area reaching prothorax, except glabrous median groove, and a few long, erect brownish setae close to eyes; remaining surface of vertex with large, subtriangular dark-brown pubescence not obscuring integument on each side close to prothorax. Area behind upper eye lobes with abundant yellow pubescence superiorly, slightly sparser toward lower eye lobe, except glabrous area close to eye after middle. Area behind lower eye lobes with abundant sulfur-yellow pubescence close to eye, slightly sparser toward ventral surface, glabrous close to prothorax. Genae with abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument, except almost glabrous area closes to clypeus and frons, and glabrous apex; with a few long, erect brownish setae interspersed. Wide central area of postclypeus with abundant sulfur-yellow pubescence close to frons, except glabrous central area, pubescence sparser, pale yellow close to anteclypeus. Sides of postclypeus glabrous. Labrum with abundant yellowish-white pubescence posteriorly not obscuring integument, glabrous anteriorly, except fringe of short yellowish-brown setae on anterior margin; with long, erect yellowish setae interspersed on pubescent area, some setae black basally. Gulamentum smooth, glabrous, except depressed anterocentral area with somewhat abundant yellowish-white pubescence. Distance between upper eye lobes 0.25 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.61 times distance between outer margins of eyes. Antennae 2.2 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at posterior quarter of antennomere VI. Scape with dense yellowish pubescence dorsally and laterally, pubescence distinctly sparser and yellower on posterior third of dorsal surface and inner side, except apex of dorsal surface with dense yellow pubescence; with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument ventrally; with long, erect yellowish setae ventrally. Pedicel with abundant yellow pubescence on dorsal base and abundant yellowishwhite pubescence on remaining surface, except posterior 2/3 of dorsal surface with dark-brown pubescence; with a few long, erect yellowish setae ventrally. Antennomeres III–VI with abundant yellowish pubescent ring basally, yellowish pubescent ring close to dark apical area, brown pubescence with short, decumbent yellowish setae interspersed between yellowish pubescent rings dorsally and laterally, somewhat abundant yellowish pubescence ventrally between yellowish pubescent rings, and dark-brown pubescence on dark apical area; with long, erect, somewhat sparse yellowish setae ventrally. Antennomeres VII–X with dense yellowish pubescence except brown pubescence on dark apical area, yellowish pubescence projected on inner surface of dark area; antennomere VII with sparse, erect yellowish setae ventrally; antennomeres VII–X with a few long yellowish and/or brown setae directed backward on apex. Antennomere XI with sparse yellowish pubescence basally, dense on remaining surface, except sparse yellowish pubescence on beginning of posterior quarter. Antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.73; pedicel = 0.12; IV = 0.71; V = 0.54; VI = 0.52; VII = 0.48; VIII = 0.45; IX = 0.48; X = 0.45; XI = 0.43.
Thorax. Prothorax wider than long; sides distinctly rounded, projected from anterior quarter to posterior sixth. Pronotum slightly longitudinally gibbous on each side of middle, from anterior sixth to about posterior quarter; somewhat abundantly, coarsely punctate on posterior quarter; somewhat abundantly, coarsely punctate on anterior quarter, punctures present on about anterior third on each side of middle, and sparser, present near anterior margin on sides of this latter area; with a few coarse punctures on remaining surface, except somewhat abundant, fine punctures on each side of center, from slightly after middle to coarse posterior punctures; with dense sulfur-yellow pubescence laterally, pubescence slightly sparser, lighter, partially yellowish white on sides of posterior and anterior areas, with irregular yellowish-white pubescent macula interspersed about middle of sides, slightly distinct yellowish-brown pubescent maculae interspersed on sides of posterior half, and irregular, small dark-brown pubescent maculae located near lateral margins of posterior third, and glabrous area surrounding some punctures; central region with subelliptical blackish pubescent macula on each side of middle of anterior half, subtriangular blackish pubescent macula on each side of middle of posterior half, glabrous on narrow longitudinal central band, with dense sulfuryellow pubescence between blackish pubescent maculae, pubescence paler superiorly; center of posterior quarter with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, except narrow central band with dense yellow pubescence; with a few long, erect brownish setae on sides of posterior third. Sides of prothorax sparsely, coarsely punctate anteriorly; with dense sulfur-yellow pubescence close to pronotum, pubescence gradually paler toward prosternum. Prosternum with abundant pale-yellow pubescence partially obscuring integument, except glabrous anterior sulcus, and area close to anterior margin with abundant pale-yellow pubescence laterally, and sparser whitish pubescence centrally. Prosternal process strongly narrowed toward posterior third; narrowest area 0.16 times procoxal width; with abundant pale-yellow pubescence partially obscuring integument, except sides and apical area with whitish pubescence. Mesoventrite almost glabrous on each side of anterior central region, with abundant pale-yellow pubescence centrally and laterally. Mesanepisternum with abundant pale-yellow pubescence on inner and superior region, except glabrous narrow area close to mesoventrite, and abundant dark-brown pubescence on remaining surface. Mesepimeron glabrous on narrow area close to mesanepisternum, with dense pale-yellow pubescence close to elytra, pubescence sparser on remaining surface. Mesoventral process slightly longitudinally carinate centrally; with abundant pale-yellow pubescence, except whitish pubescence on sides; apex 0.57 times mesocoxal width. Metanepisternum with dense sulfur-yellow pubescence, except small area with sparser, whitish pubescence near apex. Sides of metaventrite with dense sulfur-yellow pubescence, pubescence of same color slightly sparser on anterocentral region; remaining surface with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, except glabrous metathoracic discrimen. Scutellum almost glabrous on narrow central area, with abundant sulfuryellow pubescence on basal half of sides of anterocentral region, sparser, yellowish pubescence on apical half of sides of anterocentral region, and blackish pubescence laterally. Elytra. Subparallel-sided on anterior 2/3, gradually narrowed on posterior third to obliquely truncate apex; outer and sutural angles rounded, not projected; centrobasal crest small, slightly elevated, with dense suberect black setae dorsally; with two well-marked longitudinal carina dorsally, innermost more distinct, from apex of centrobasal crest to outer apical angle, outermost starting near humerus, ending about posterior third; with a third slightly distinct longitudinal carina near humeral carina, from about anterior quarter to posterior third; humeral carina somewhat well-marked; abundantly, somewhat coarsely punctate on anterior third, punctures denser on circum-scutellar region and gradually sparser, finer toward apex; with large straw-colored pubescent macula close to suture, from anterior sixth to slightly after middle, distinctly widened from its anterior third and reaching outermost well-marked longitudinal carina, gradually narrowed on its posterior quarter, with small brown pubescent spots interspersed on innermost longitudinal carina, and large yellowish-brown pubescent macula interspersed on middle of area near suture; with oblique, moderately large straw-colored pubescent macula close to suture, starting slightly before posterior third, not reaching humeral carina, projected backward along innermost longitudinal carina, and a few small brownish pubescent spots interspersed on innermost longitudinal carina; with moderately large straw-colored pubescent macula on entire apical fifth, this macula narrowed anteriorly; the three straw-colored maculae fused by narrow pubescent band of same color along suture, pubescent band with brown pubescent spots interspersed, pubescent spots gradually lighter toward apex; with yellowish-brown pubescent maculae between straw-colored maculae; with somewhat large black pubescent macula between the two well-marked longitudinal carinae, close to yellowish-brown pubescent macula between the first two straw-colored pubescent maculae; with narrow, longitudinal black pubescent macula on apex of outermost wellmarked longitudinal carina, this macula narrowly connected to anterior black pubescent macula along outermost well-marked longitudinal carina; outermost longitudinal carina with row of small yellow pubescent spots, spots yellowish brown about middle of elytra; with small yellowish pubescent macula basally close to scutellum; sides mostly with abundant pale-yellow pubescence, slightly reaching sides of dorsal surface on anterior quarter, middle, and posterior quarter; basal area between scutellum and centrobasal crest with greenish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument; epipleural margin with dense straw-colored pubescence, with brownish pubescent spots interspersed; remaining surface with greenish-brown pubescence, pubescence darker yellowish brown depending on light intensity, with small black pubescent spots interspersed. Legs. Femora with abundant yellowish pubescence on peduncle; femoral club with pale-yellow pubescence, sparser on anterior 2/3 of inner and ventral surface, especially on profemora, denser on remaining surface, except brown pubescent macula on dorsal surface of posterior half of meso- and metafemoral clubs. Tibiae with dense yellowish pubescence, except two brownish pubescent arches, one on basal third, another starting on middle, dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence on posterior half of protibiae; mesotibiae with short, thick, erect dark-brown setae on area of dorsal sulcus, with short, erect yellowish-brown setae interspersed, and long, suberect yellowish setae interspersed laterally on posterior half; metatibiae with short, erect, thick yellowish-brown setae interspersed on posterior half, and long, suberect yellowish setae interspersed laterally on posterior half. Protarsomere I with large spiniform projection about middle of ventral surface (Figs 36–38); inner apex of protarsomere II obliquely truncate, with short spine on its outer apex, in frontal view, truncate area widened from outer spiniform angle to inner margin (Fig. 38). Metatarsomere I distinctly longer than II–III together.
Abdomen. Ventrites 1–4 with somewhat abundant sulfur-yellow pubescence laterally, sparser, yellowish white centrally, except glabrous apex; ventrite 5 with somewhat sparse yellowish-white pubescence on anterocentral half, somewhat sparse sulfur-yellow pubescence on sides of anterior half, and abundant pale-yellow pubescence not obscuring integument on remaining surface; apex of ventrite 5 strongly concave centrally, with outer angles rounded.
Female (Figs 33–35). Very similar to male, differing by protarsi without modifications; antennae shorter, 1.85 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at basal third of antennomere VII.
Dimensions (mm) (holotype male/ paratype male/ paratype female). Total length, 11.20/8.60–10.65/10.90– 11.45; prothoracic length, 1.80/1.40–1.80/1.60–1.65; anterior prothoracic width, 2.00/1.50–1.95/2.00; posterior prothoracic width, 2.40/1.75–2.25/2.25–2.40; maximum prothoracic width, 2.80/2.05–2.70/2.65–2.75; humeral width, 3.75/2.80–3.65/3.80–4.00; elytral length, 8.35/6.15–7.55/8.35–8.90.
Type material. Holotype male from ECUADOR, Pichincha: 3100 m, Sierra Alisos Hotel, Tambillo, 2.X.2021, J. Vlasak leg. (MZSP). Three paratype males, same data as holotype (JVCO). One paratype female, same data as holotype (MZSP), 3 paratype females, same data as holotype (JVCO).
Etymology. The specific epithet “calcaratum” (from Latin, meaning having a spur) refers to the spur-like projection on protarsomere I in males.
Remarks. Nealcidion calcaratum sp. nov. belongs to the group of species with a distinct longitudinal carina on the dorsal surface of the elytra. It is similar to N. lineatum (Figs 17–21), but differs by the protarsomeres I and II with modifications in males (Figs 36–38) (without modifications (Fig. 19) in males of N. lineatum), and by outer apical angles rounded and not projected in both sexes (acutely projected or at least distinctly projected in both sexes of N. lineatum).
description: Published as part of Vlasak, Josef & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2022, Five new species of Nealcidion Monné, 1997 from Ecuador (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae), pp. 535-554 in Zootaxa 5209 (5) on pages 549-554, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5209.5.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7340932