cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Primordial Neutrinos, Cosmological Perturbations in Interacting Dark-Energy Model: CMB and LSS
Creators: name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
name: Keum, Yong-Yeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present cosmological perturbation theory in neutrinos probe interacting dark-energy models, and calculate cosmic microwave background anisotropies and matter power spectrum. In these models, the evolution of the mass of neutrinos is determined by the quintessence scalar field, which is responsible for the cosmic acceleration today. We consider several types of scalar field potentials and put constraints on the coupling parameter between neutrinos and dark energy. Assuming the flatness of the universe, the constraint we can derive from the current observation is $\sum m_ν < 0.87 eV$ at the 95 % confidence level for the sum over three species of neutrinos. We also discuss on the stability issue of the our model and on the impact of the scattering term in Boltzmann equation from the mass-varying neutrinos.
description: 26 pages Revtex, 11 figures, Add new contents and references
Spacetime path formalism for massive particles of any spin
Creators: name: Seidewitz, Ed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Earlier work presented a spacetime path formalism for relativistic quantum mechanics arising naturally from the fundamental principles of the Born probability rule, superposition, and spacetime translation invariance. The resulting formalism can be seen as a foundation for a number of previous parameterized approaches to relativistic quantum mechanics in the literature. Because time is treated similarly to the three space coordinates, rather than as an evolution parameter, such approaches have proved particularly useful in the study of quantum gravity and cosmology. The present paper extends the foundational spacetime path formalism to include massive, nonscalar particles of any (integer or half-integer) spin. This is done by generalizing the principle of translational invariance used in the scalar case to the principle of full Poincare invariance, leading to a formulation for the nonscalar propagator in terms of a path integral over the Poincare group. Once the difficulty of the non-compactness of the component Lorentz group is dealt with, the subsequent development is remarkably parallel to the scalar case. This allows the formalism to retain a clear probabilistic interpretation throughout, with a natural reduction to non-relativistic quantum mechanics closely related to the well known generalized Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation.
description: RevTex draft format, 36 pages; v2, per reviewer comments, added additional explanatory material on group theoretic concepts; accepted for publication in Annals of Physics
Ordering phenomena in quasi one-dimensional organic conductors
Creators: name: Dressel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-dimensional organic conductors could establish themselves as model systems for the investigation of the physics in reduced dimensions. In the metallic state of a one-dimensional solid, Fermi-liquid theory breaks down and spin and charge degrees of freedom become separated. But the metallic phase is not stable in one dimension: as the temperature is reduced, the electronic charge and spin tend to arrange themselves in an ordered fashion due to strong correlations. The competition of the different interactions is responsible for which broken-symmetry ground state is eventually realized in a specific compound and which drives the system towards an insulating state. Here we review the various ordering phenomena and how they can be identified by optic and magnetic measurements. While the final results might look very similar in the case of a charge density wave and a charge-ordered metal, for instance, the physical cause is completely different. When density waves form, a gap opens in the density of states at the Fermi energy due to nesting of the one-dimension Fermi surface sheets. When a one-dimensional metal becomes a charge-ordered Mott insulator, on the other hand, the short-range Coulomb repulsion localizes the charge on the lattice sites and even causes certain charge patterns. We try to point out the similarities and conceptional differences of these phenomena and give an example for each of them. Particular emphasis will be put on collective phenomena which are inherently present as soon as ordering breaks the symmetry of the system.
description: Review article Naturwissenschaften 2007
Solving the subset-sum problem with a light-based device
Creators: name: Oltean, Mihai
name: Muntean, Oana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a special computational device which uses light rays for solving the subset-sum problem. The device has a graph-like representation and the light is traversing it by following the routes given by the connections between nodes. The nodes are connected by arcs in a special way which lets us to generate all possible subsets of the given set. To each arc we assign either a number from the given set or a predefined constant. When the light is passing through an arc it is delayed by the amount of time indicated by the number placed in that arc. At the destination node we will check if there is a ray whose total delay is equal to the target value of the subset sum problem (plus some constants).
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, Natural Computing, 2007
A Blaschke-type condition for analytic and subharmonic functions and application to contraction operators
Creators: name: Favorov, S.
name: Golinskii, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D50; 47B10

description: Let $E$ be a closed set on the unit circle. We find a Blaschke-type condition, optimal in a sense of the order, on the Riesz measure of a subharmonic function $v$ in the unit disk with a certain growth at the direction of $E$. In particular case when $E$ is a finite set, and $v=\log|f|$ with an analytic function $f$, our result agrees with the recent one by A. Borichev, L. Golinskii and S. Kupin. An application to contractions close to unitary operators in the Hilbert space is given.
description: 12 pages, Bibliography 19 items. Added references, corrected typos
Impact of Quantum Phase Transitions on Excited Level Dynamics
Creators: name: Cejnar, Pavel
name: Stransky, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of quantum phase transitions on the evolution of excited levels in the critical parameter region is discussed. The analysis is performed for 1D and 2D systems with first- and second-order ground-state transitions. Examples include the cusp and nuclear collective Hamiltonians.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
What can human minimal videos tell us about dynamic recognition models?
Creators: name: Ben-Yosef, Guy
name: Kreiman, Gabriel
name: Ullman, Shimon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In human vision objects and their parts can be visually recognized from purely spatial or purely temporal information but the mechanisms integrating space and time are poorly understood. Here we show that human visual recognition of objects and actions can be achieved by efficiently combining spatial and motion cues in configurations where each source on its own is insufficient for recognition. This analysis is obtained by identifying minimal videos: these are short and tiny video clips in which objects, parts, and actions can be reliably recognized, but any reduction in either space or time makes them unrecognizable. State-of-the-art deep networks for dynamic visual recognition cannot replicate human behavior in these configurations. This gap between humans and machines points to critical mechanisms in human dynamic vision that are lacking in current models.
description: Published as a workshop paper at Bridging AI and Cognitive Science (ICLR 2020). Extended paper was published at Cognition
NOVEL FLEXIBLE PVC COMPOUNDS CHARACTERIZED
BY IMPROVED SUSTAINABILITY AND REDUCED PLASTICIZER MIGRATION
Creators: name: Pannico, Marianna
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: In this thesis three different strategies were adopted to reduce the migration of plasticizer from flexible PVC-based compounds: chemical cross-linking of flexible PVC, the use of polymeric plasticizers (linear and hyper-branched) as an alternative to monomeric ones, the addition of CPE to flexible PVC as a physical barrier.
The physical, chemical, mechanical and tribological properties were studied in order to achieve materials with desired performance.
Unitary reflection groups for quantum fault tolerance
Creators: name: Planat, Michel
name: Kibler, Maurice R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper explores the representation of quantum computing in terms of unitary reflections (unitary transformations that leave invariant a hyperplane of a vector space). The symmetries of qubit systems are found to be supported by Euclidean real reflections (i.e., Coxeter groups) or by specific imprimitive reflection groups, introduced (but not named) in a recent paper [Planat M and Jorrand Ph 2008, {\it J Phys A: Math Theor} {\bf 41}, 182001]. The automorphisms of multiple qubit systems are found to relate to some Clifford operations once the corresponding group of reflections is identified. For a short list, one may point out the Coxeter systems of type $B_3$ and $G_2$ (for single qubits), $D_5$ and $A_4$ (for two qubits), $E_7$ and $E_6$ (for three qubits), the complex reflection groups $G(2^l,2,5)$ and groups No 9 and 31 in the Shephard-Todd list. The relevant fault tolerant subsets of the Clifford groups (the Bell groups) are generated by the Hadamard gate, the $π/4$ phase gate and an entangling (braid) gate [Kauffman L H and Lomonaco S J 2004 {\it New J. of Phys.} {\bf 6}, 134]. Links to the topological view of quantum computing, the lattice approach and the geometry of smooth cubic surfaces are discussed.
description: new version for the Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience, focused on "Technology Trends and Theory of Nanoscale Devices for Quantum Applications"
Incompatibility of modulated checkerboard patterns with the neutron scattering resonance peak in cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Yao, D. X.
name: Carlson, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Checkerboard patterns have been proposed in order to explain STM experiments on the cuprates BSCCO and Na-CCOC. However the presence of these patterns has not been confirmed by a bulk probe such as neutron scattering. In particular, simple checkerboard patterns are inconsistent with neutron scattering data, in that they have low energy incommsensurate (IC) spin peaks rotated 45 degrees from the direction of the charge IC peaks. However, it is unclear whether other checkerboard patterns can solve the problem. In this paper, we have studied more complicated checkerboard patterns ("modulated checkerboards") by using spin wave theory and analyzed noncollinear checkerboards as well. We find that the high energy response of the modulated checkerboards is inconsistent with neutron scattering results, since they fail to exhibit a resonance peak at (pi,pi), which has recently been shown to be a universal feature of cuprate superconductors. We further argue that the newly proposed noncollinear checkerboard also lacks a resonance peak. We thus conclude that to date no checkerboard pattern has been proposed which satisfies both the low energy constraints and the high energy constraints imposed by the current body of experimental data in cuprate superconductors.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, Fig.2 updated
Discovering Supernovae at Epoch of Reionization with Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope
Creators: name: Moriya, Takashi J.
name: Quimby, Robert M.
name: Robertson, Brant E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars play critical roles for the reionization of the Universe. Individual massive stars at the reionization epoch (z > 6) are too faint to observe and quantify their contributions to reionization. Some massive stars, however, explode as superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) or pair-instability supernovae (PISNe) that are luminous enough to observe even at z > 6 and allow for the direct characterization of massive star properties at the reionization epoch. In addition, hypothetical long-sought-after PISNe are expected to be present preferentially at high redshifts, and their discovery will have a tremendous impact on our understanding of massive star evolution and the formation of stellar mass black holes. The near-infrared Wide Field Instrument on Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will excel at discovering such rare high-redshift supernovae. In this work, we investigate the best survey strategy to discover and identify SLSNe and PISNe at z > 6 with Roman. We show that the combination of the F158 and F213 filters can clearly separate both SLSNe and PISNe at z > 6 from nearby supernovae through their colors and magnitudes. The limiting magnitudes are required to be 27.0 mag and 26.5 mag in the F158 and F213 filters, respectively, to identify supernovae at z > 6. If we conduct a 10 deg2 transient survey with these limiting magnitudes for 5 years with a cadence of one year, we expect to discover 22.5 +- 2.8 PISNe and 3.1 +- 0.3 SLSNe at z > 6, depending on the cosmic star-formation history. The same survey is estimated to discover 76.1 +- 8.2 PISNe and 9.1 +- 0.9 SLSNe at 5 < z < 6. Such a supernova survey requires the total observational time of approximately 525 hours in 5 years. The legacy data acquired with the survey will also be beneficial for many different science cases including the study of high-redshift galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Introduction to String Theory and Gauge/Gravity duality for students in QCD and QGP phenomenology
Creators: name: Peschanski, Robi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory has been initially derived from motivations coming from strong interaction phenomenology,but its application faced deep conceptual and practical difficulties. The strong interactions found their theoretical foundation elsewhere, namely on QCD, the quantum gauge field theory of quarks and gluons. Recently, the Gauge/Gravity correspondence allowed to initiate a reformulation of the connection between strings and gauge field theories, avoiding some of the initial drawbacks and opening the way to new insights on the gauge theory at strong coupling and eventually QCD. Among others, the recent applications of the Gauge/Gravity correspondence to the formation of the QGP, the quark-gluon plasma, in heavy-ion reactions seem to provide a physically interesting insight on phenomenological features of the reactions. In these lectures we will give a simplified introduction to those aspects of string theory which, at the origin and in the recent developments, are connected to strong interactions, for those students which are starting to learn QCD and QGP physics from an experimental or phenomenological point of view.
description: 37 pages, 10 figures, Presented at the School on QCD, Low-x Physics and Diffraction,Copanello, Calabria, Italy, July 2007.To be published by Acat Physica Polonica
Allevamento di organismi acquatici in sistema a circuito chiuso per  applicazioni acquacolturali  ed ecologiche.
Creators: name: Del Prete, Francesco
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: A sostegno di ogni strategia che limita gli effetti e la portata dell’inquinamento ambientale, nella prospettiva di uno sviluppo sostenibile, c’è l’adozione di tecnologie produttive alternative che consentano di impiegare nel modo più razionale ed economico possibile le risorse (materie prime ed energia) e, al tempo stesso, di minimizzare la quantità di rifiuti e residui (gassosi, liquidi e solidi) connessi alle attività produttive.
Il lavoro oggetto di questa sperimentazione è stato incentrato sulle produzioni di organismi marini in sistemi a circuito chiuso al fine di validare tale sistema produttivo e di permettere la continua disponibilità di gameti, embrioni e giovanili degli stessi organismi.
La continua disponibilità di essi permette l’esecuzione di test ecotossicologici anche oltre i periodi di disponibilità naturale legati alla stagionalità riproduttiva delle specie utilizzate, ed inoltre gli organismi marini così prodotti trovano un innovativo impiego sia in applicazioni zootecniche, come valide alternative nell’alimentazione larvale di teleostei marini, sia in applicazioni biotecnologiche come la criopreservazione di gameti ed embrioni che semplifica il miglioramento genetico di linee aventi caratteristiche desiderate.
La giusta sequenza dei trattamenti e i tempi necessari di permanenza di lotti definiti di acqua da trattare nelle diverse vasche di trattamento ci hanno condotto con successo alla totale gestione della risorsa acqua all’interno del modulo di ricircuitazione idrica (RAS) della Stazione Sperimentale di Salerno del CRIAcq mediante una gestione a lotti/pacchetto.
Produzioni massive di microalghe marine, sono state prodotte con la stessa acqua per tutta la sperimentazione senza avere avuto nel tempo né variazioni delle proprietà nutrizionali né cali di produzione.
E’ stato possibile stabulare e condizionare quattro diverse specie di molluschi bivalvi (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Crassostrea gigas, Ostrea edulis e Pecten jacobaeus) per poter condurre esperimenti volti alla continua acquisizione di gameti ed embrioni da poter utilizzare per altre ricerche nell’ambito delle scienze acquatiche.
L’acqua dell’impianto opportunamente trattata ci ha permesso di condurre e migliorare gli allevamenti di organismi adulti di Amphibalanus amphitrite e Tigriopus fulvus.
Infine la validazione delle potenzialità del sistema Ras del CRIAcq è stata confermata dalla qualità dei gameti, embrioni ed organismi giovanili di tutte le specie considerate in questa sperimentazione.
Full-Sky Weak Lensing Simulation with 70 Billion Particles
Creators: name: Teyssier, Romain
name: Pires, Sandrine
name: Prunet, Simon
name: Aubert, Dominique
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Amara, Adam
name: Benabed, Karim
name: Colombi, Stephane
name: Refregier, Alexandre
name: Starck, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a 70 billion dark-matter particles N-body simulation in a 2 $h^{-1}$ Gpc periodic box, using the concordance, cosmological model as favored by the latest WMAP3 results. We have computed a full-sky convergence map with a resolution of $Δθ\simeq 0.74$ arcmin$^{2}$, spanning 4 orders of magnitude in angular dynamical range. Using various high-order statistics on a realistic cut sky, we have characterized the transition from the linear to the nonlinear regime at $\ell \simeq 1000$ and shown that realistic galactic masking affects high-order moments only below $\ell < 200$. Each domain (Gaussian and non-Gaussian) spans 2 decades in angular scale. This map is therefore an ideal tool for testing map-making algorithms on the sphere. As a first step in addressing the full map reconstruction problem, we have benchmarked in this paper two denoising methods: 1) Wiener filtering applied to the Spherical Harmonics decomposition of the map and 2) a new method, called MRLens, based on the modification of the Maximum Entropy Method on a Wavelet decomposition. While the latter is optimal on large spatial scales, where the signal is Gaussian, MRLens outperforms the Wiener method on small spatial scales, where the signal is highly non-Gaussian. The simulated full-sky convergence map is freely available to the community to help the development of new map-making algorithms dedicated to the next generation of weak-lensing surveys.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics, final version after language editing
Study of the effect of metallicity on the amplitudes of Cepheids
Creators: name: Klagyivik, P.
name: Szabados, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results concerning the dependence of photometric and radial velocity amplitudes on metallicity are presented based on about 200 Galactic classical Cepheids pulsating in the fundamental mode. The Galactic distribution of the [Fe/H] value of Cepheids is also studied. We show that the photometric amplitude ratio $A_\mathrm{I}/A_\mathrm{V}$ is independent of metallicity. The observed dependence of this ratio on the pulsation period does not correspond to the theoretical predictions.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten (Astronomical Notes). 4 pages, 5 figures
Large Scale Plane-Mirroring in the Cosmic Microwave Background WMAP5 Maps
Creators: name: Gurzadyan, V. G.
name: Starobinsky, A. A.
name: Ghahramanyan, T.
name: Kashin, A. L.
name: Khachatryan, H.
name: Kuloghlian, H.
name: Vetrugno, D.
name: Yegorian, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue investigation of the hidden plane-mirror symmetry in the distribution of excursion sets in cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropy maps, previously noticed in the three-year data of the Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe (WMAP), using the WMAP 5 years maps. The symmetry is shown to have higher significance, χ^2 < 1.7, for low multipoles \ell < 5, while disappearing at larger multipoles, χ^2 > 3.5 for \ell > 10. The study of the sum and difference maps of temperature inhomogeneity regions, along with simulated maps, confirms its existence.The properties of these mirroring symmetries are compatible with those produced by the Sachs-Wolfe effect in the presence of an anomalously large component of horizon-size density perturbations, independent of one of the spatial coordinates, and/or a slab-like spatial topology of the Universe.
description: A&A accepted
INNOVATIVE BIOMATERIALS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF NEW STRATEGIES TO PRESERVE FERTILITY IN CANCER WOMEN
Creators: name: Barbato, Vincenza
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2011

description: Currently, embryo and oocyte cryopreservation are the most used strategies to preserve fertility in cancer women. However, for prepuberal patients or patients who have an estrogen sensitive cancer, they are not an option. Thus the aim of this thesis is the development of alternative strategies, that are cryopreservation of ovarian tissue and in vitro culture of ovarian isolated follicles. New protocols have been applied in order to improve actual efficiency of ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Moreover, isolated follicles have been grown in different alginate matrices.
Tree-Level Stability Without Spacetime Fermions: Novel Examples in String Theory
Creators: name: Israel, Dan
name: Niarchos, Vasilis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Is perturbative stability intimately tied with the existence of spacetime fermions in string theory in more than two dimensions? Type 0'B string theory in ten-dimensional flat space is a rare example of a non-tachyonic, non-supersymmetric string theory with a purely bosonic closed string spectrum. However, all known type 0' constructions exhibit massless NSNS tadpoles signaling the fact that we are not expanding around a true vacuum of the theory. In this note, we are searching for perturbatively stable examples of type 0' string theory without massless tadpoles in backgrounds with a spatially varying dilaton. We present two examples with this property in non-critical string theories that exhibit four- and six-dimensional Poincare invariance. We discuss the D-branes that can be embedded in this context and the type of gauge theories that can be constructed in this manner. We also comment on the embedding of these non-critical models in critical string theories and their holographic (Little String Theory) interpretation and propose a general conjecture for the role of asymptotic supersymmetry in perturbative string theory.
description: harvmac, 29 pages; v2 minor changes, version to appear in JHEP
Mid-Infrared Spectroscopic Properties of Ultra-Luminous Infrared Quasars
Creators: name: Cao, Chen
name: Xia, X. Y.
name: Wu, Hong
name: Mao, S.
name: Hao, C. N.
name: Deng, Z. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic properties for 19 ultra-luminous infrared quasars (IR QSOs) in the local universe based on the spectra from the Infrared Spectrograph on board the Spitzer Space Telescope. The MIR properties of IR QSOs are compared with those of optically-selected Palomar-Green QSOs (PG QSOs) and ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). The average MIR spectral features from ~ 5 to 30um, including the spectral slopes, 6.2um PAH emission strengths and [NeII] 12.81um luminosities of IR QSOs, differ from those of PG QSOs. In contrast, IR QSOs and ULIRGs have comparable PAH and [NeII] luminosities. These results are consistent with IR QSOs being at a transitional stage from ULIRGs to classical QSOs. We also find that the colour index alpha(30, 15) is a good indicator of the relative contribution of starbursts to AGNs for all QSOs. Correlations between the [NeII] 12.81um and PAH 6.2um luminosities and those between the [NeII], PAH with 60um luminosities for ULIRGs and IR QSOs indicate that both [NeII] and PAH luminosities are approximate star formation rate indicators for IR QSOs and starburst-dominated galaxies; the scatters are, however, quite large (~ 0.7 to 0.8 dex). Finally the correlation between the EW(PAH 6.2um) and outflow velocities suggests that star formation activities are suppressed by feedback from AGNs and/or supernovae.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
k_T factorization is violated in production of high-transverse-momentum particles in hadron-hadron collisions
Creators: name: Collins, John
name: Qiu, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that hard-scattering factorization is violated in the production of high-p_T hadrons in hadron-hadron collisions, in the case that the hadrons are back-to-back, so that k_T factorization is to be used. The explicit counterexample that we construct is for the single-spin asymmetry with one beam transversely polarized. The Sivers function needed here has particular sensitivity to the Wilson lines in the parton densities. We use a greatly simplified model theory to make the breakdown of factorization easy to check explicitly. But the counterexample implies that standard arguments for factorization fail not just for the single-spin asymmetry but for the unpolarized cross section for back-to-back hadron production in QCD in hadron-hadron collisions. This is unlike corresponding cases in e^+e^- annihilation, Drell-Yan, and deeply inelastic scattering. Moreover, the result endangers factorization for more general hadroproduction processes.
description: 10 pages. V. 2: Title change, misprints and minor corrections, as in journal version
Relation between phase and dwell times for quantum tunneling of a relativistically propagating particle
Creators: name: Bernardini, Alex E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general and explicit relation between the phase time and the dwell time for quantum tunneling of a relativistically propagating particle is investigated and quantified. In analogy with previously obtained non-relativistic results, it is shown that the group delay can be described in terms of the dwell time and a self-interference delay. Lessons concerning the phenomenology of the relativistic tunneling are drawn.
Orbital contributions in the element-resolved valence electronic structure of Bi2Se3
Creators: name: Kuo, Cheng-Tai
name: Lin, Shih-Chieh
name: Rueff, Jean-Pascal
name: Chen, Zhesheng
name: Aguilera, Irene
name: Bihlmayer, Gustav
name: Plucinski, Lukasz
name: Graff, Ismael L.
name: Conti, Giuseppina
name: Vartanyants, Ivan A.
name: Schneider, Claus M.
name: Fadley, Charles S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we studied the bulk band structure of a topological insulator (TI) Bi2Se3 and determined the contributions of the Bi and Se orbital states to the valence bands using standing wave-excited hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (SW-HAXPES). This SW technique can provide the element-resolved information and extract individual Bi and Se contributions to the Bi2Se3 valence band. Comparisons with density functional theory (DFT) calculations (LDA and GW) reveal that the Bi 6s, Bi 6p, and Se 4p states are dominant in the Bi2Se3 HAXPES valence band. These findings pave a way for studying the element-resolved band structure and orbital contributions of this class of TIs.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
Avoiding Degeneracy for Monocular Visual SLAM with Point and Line Features
Creators: name: Lim, Hyunjun
name: Kim, Yeeun
name: Jung, Kwangik
name: Hu, Sumin
name: Myung, Hyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a degeneracy avoidance method for a point and line based visual SLAM algorithm is proposed. Visual SLAM predominantly uses point features. However, point features lack robustness in low texture and illuminance variant environments. Therefore, line features are used to compensate the weaknesses of point features. In addition, point features are poor in representing discernable features for the naked eye, meaning mapped point features cannot be recognized. To overcome the limitations above, line features were actively employed in previous studies. However, since degeneracy arises in the process of using line features, this paper attempts to solve this problem. First, a simple method to identify degenerate lines is presented. In addition, a novel structural constraint is proposed to avoid the degeneracy problem. At last, a point and line based monocular SLAM system using a robust optical-flow based lien tracking method is implemented. The results are verified using experiments with the EuRoC dataset and compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms. It is proven that our method yields more accurate localization as well as mapping results.
description: 8 pages to be published in ICRA2021
L'individuazione dei possibili Sistemi Turistici Locali in Campania attraverso la Cluster Analysis
Creators: name: Persico, Rossana
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: di beni e sevizi ( quindi, l’ offerta turistica ) in determinati territori che aspirino a mantenere posizioni competitive o a raggiungerle? In un mondo globalizzato, caratterizzato da omologazione e standardizzazione, è ancora possibile parlare di “ capacità di differenziazione ” e di conservazione e promozione delle specificità territoriali? Queste sono alcune delle domande da cui si procede per dar corpo al progetto di tesi.Per l' individuazione dei STL in Campania è utilizzata una procedura modificata di clustering – algoritmo non gerarchico K means – a due stadi, con introduzione di un vincolo di contiguità spaziale ed uno di non riallocazione dei seed points.
Constraints on Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter from direct detection experiment and neutron star reheating temperature
Creators: name: Zeng, Yu-Pan
name: Xiao, Xiang
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter connected to Standard Model fermion through the Higgs portal has the property that its direct detection vanishes in the zero momentum transfer limit due to a cancellation mechanism. This feature helps the Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone dark matter to escape the stringent constraints from direct detection experiments. In this paper we explore new constraints on parameter space of non-zero momentum transfer from the direct detection experiments, and also from the neutron star temperature via the dark matter reheating mechanism.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
MPEC 2024-T30 : 2024 SG8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 SG8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Low-redshift compact star-forming galaxies as analogues of high-redshift star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Izotov, Y. I.
name: Guseva, N. G.
name: Fricke, K. J.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Schaerer, D.
name: Thuan, T. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the relations among various integrated characteristics of ~25,000 low-redshift (z<1.0) compact star-forming galaxies (CSFGs) from Data Release 16 (DR16) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and of high-redshift (z>1.5) star-forming galaxies (SFGs) with respect to oxygen abundances, stellar masses M*, far-UV absolute magnitudes M(FUV), star-formation rates SFR and specific star-formation rates sSFR, Lyman-continuum photon production efficiencies (xi_ion), UV continuum slopes β, [OIII]5007/[OII]3727 and [NeIII]3868/[OII]3727 ratios, and emission-line equivalent widths EW([OII]3727), EW([OIII]5007), and EW(Hα). We find that the relations for low-z CSFGs with high equivalent widths of the Hβemission line, EW(Hβ)>100A, and high-z SFGs are very similar, implying close physical properties in these two categories of galaxies. Thus, CSFGs are likely excellent proxies for the SFGs in the high-z Universe. They also extend to galaxies with lower stellar masses, down to ~10^6 Msun, and to absolute FUV magnitudes as faint as -14 mag. Thanks to their proximity, CSFGs can be studied in much greater detail than distant SFGs. Therefore, the relations between the integrated characteristics of the large sample of CSFGs studied here can prove very useful for our understanding of high-z dwarf galaxies in future observations with large ground-based and space telescopes.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Barriers to Achieving Target Door-to-needle Time in Patients Treated with IV Thrombolysis
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Objective— To review our experience with improving door-to-needle time at our comprehensive stroke center by adopting the Helsinki model of acute stroke care. We identified the workflow barriers in achieving door-to-needle time of ≤ 30 min.Methods— Main interventions included bypassing the emergency department triage room and going straight to computed tomographic (CT) scan, utilization of a one-tier activation process, team education, refined team roles, scripting, equipment availability, clearly defined metrics (door-to-CT ≤ 10 min, CT-to-ordering IV alteplase ≤ 10 min, order-to-administration ≤ 10 min, and door-to-needle ≤ 30 min), and real-time feedback to participating care team.Results— After implementing the new process, the median door-to-needle time dropped from 58 minutes to 46minutes. Of the 214 patients treated under the new protocol (mean age±SD, 70±15 years; 46% women; 76% Caucasian), only 19% achieved target door-to-needle time, while target door-to-CT, CT-to-order of IV alteplase, and order-to-administration were achieved in 73%, 16%, and 33%, respectively. The most common reasons for delay were mode of arrival, clinical decision making (diagnostic uncertainty or concern about relative contraindications), obtaining consent, and blood pressure management.Conclusions— Our new acute stroke care process reduced door-to-needle time. We identified steps to accelerate decision making process especially in clinically challenging cases, including early activation of stroke code for those arriving by private transportation, deemphasizing the consent process, proactive blood pressure control, and ensuring availability of IV alteplase in the emergency department.
Pair creation supernovae at low and high redshift
Creators: name: Langer, N.
name: Norman, C. A.
name: de Koter, A.
name: Vink, Jorick
name: Cantiello, M.
name: Yoon, S. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pair creation supernovae (PCSN) are thought to be produced from very massive low metallicity stars. The spectacularly bright SN 2006gy does show signatures expected from PCSNe. Here, we investigate the metallicity threshold below which PCSN can form and estimate their occurrence rate. We perform stellar evolution calculations for stars of 150$\mso$ and 250$\mso$ of low metallicity (Z$_{\odot}$/5 and Z$_{\odot}$/20), and analyze their mass loss rates. We find that the bifurcation between quasi-chemically homogeneous evolution for fast rotation and conventional evolution for slower rotation, which has been found earlier for massive low metallicity stars, persists in the mass range considered here. Consequently, there are two separate PCSN progenitor types: (I) Fast rotators produce PCSNe from very massive Wolf-Rayet stars, and (II) Slower rotators that generate PCSNe in hydrogen-rich massive yellow hypergiants. We find that hydrogen-rich PCSNe could occur at metallicities as high as Z$_{\odot}$/3, which -- assuming standard IMFs are still valid to estimate their birth rates -- results in a rate of about one PCSN per 1000 supernovae in the local universe, and one PCSN per 100 supernovae at a redshift of $z=5$. PCSNe from WC-type Wolf-Rayet stars are restricted to much lower metallicity.
description: submitted to A&A
Dynamics of coupled spins in quantum dots with strong spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Pfund, A.
name: Shorubalko, I.
name: Ensslin, K.
name: Leturcq, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the time dependence of two-electron spin states in a double quantum dot fabricated in an InAs nanowire. In this system, spin-orbit interaction has substantial influence on the spin states of confined electrons. Pumping single electrons through a Pauli spin-blockade configuration allowed to probe the dynamics of the two coupled spins via their influence on the pumped current. We observed spin-relaxation with a magnetic field dependence different from GaAs dots, which can be explained by spin-orbit interaction. Oscillations were detected for times shorter than the relaxation time, which we attribute to coherent evolution of the spin states.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: The identification and down selection of suitable cathode materials for use in next generation thermal batteries
Creators: name: Giagloglou, Kyriakos
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02wn5qz54
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: In this work new novel cathode materials such as transition-metal sulfides, chlorides or fluorides were investigated and studied for their use in lithium ion thermal batteries. All cathodes were synthesized by a solid state reaction in sealed quartz tubes with a duration of firing for 1 week at high temperatures (> 500 °C). All structures of compounds were probed by powder X-ray diffraction and the morphology and shape of crystallites of cathodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of the batteries were investigated by galvanostatic discharge and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique at high temperatures (> 400 °C). All the batteries used as an anode Li₁₃Si₄, as an electrolyte LiCl-KCl eutectic and as separator MgO. All the products of the discharge mechanism were confirmed using powder X-ray diffraction and EDX analysis. CoNi₂S₄ and NiCo₂S₄ exhibit two voltage plateaux vs Li₁₃Si₄ at 500 °C, one at around 1.75 V and the second at 1.50 V. Capacities of 350 and 290 mA h g⁻¹ were achieved, respectively. NiS, Co₃S₄ and Co₉S₈ were confirmed as the products of discharge mechanism. ZrS₃ exhibits a single flat voltage plateau of 1.70 V at a current density of 11 mA/cm² and a capacity of 357 mA h g⁻¹, at 500 °C was obtained. A new material, LiZr₂S₄, was identified as the product of the electrochemical process, which can be indexed to a = 10.452(8) Å cubic unit cell. KNiCl₃ was tested at different current densities from 15 mA/cm² to 75 mA/cm² and a high cell voltage, with a capacity of 262 mA h g⁻¹ was achieved at 425 °C. Ni metal, KCl and LiCl were confirmed as the products of the discharge mechanism. Li₂MnCl₄ was tested at the same current densities as KNiCl₃ at 400 °C and a capacity of 254 mA h g⁻¹ was achieved. Mn metal and LiCl were confirmed as the products after discharge. Li₆VCl₈ has a capacity of 145 mA h g⁻¹ and a flat voltage plateau of 1.80 V at 500 °C. NiCl₂ has also a capacity of 360 mA h g⁻¹ and a high voltage profile of 2.25 V at 500 °C. CoCl₂ exhibits a lower capacity of 332 mA h g⁻¹ and lower voltage profile compared to NiCl₂ at 500 °C. CuF₂ and PbF₂ were tested at 500 °C. PbF₂ exhibits a single flat voltage plateau of 1.25 V and a capacity of 260 mA h g⁻¹ was obtained. CuF₂ has a high voltage profile but a voltage plateau could not be obtained.
Heimdall: an AI-based infrastructure for traffic monitoring and anomalies detection
Creators: name: Atzori, Andrea
name: Barra, Silvio
name: Carta, Salvatore
name: Fenu, Gianni
name: Podda, Alessandro Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Since their appearance, Smart Cities have aimed at improving the daily life of people, helping to make public services smarter and more efficient. Several of these services are often intended to provide better security conditions for citizens and drivers. In this vein, we present Heimdall, an AI-based video surveillance system for traffic monitoring and anomalies detection. The proposed system features three main tiers: a ground level, consisting of a set of smart lampposts equipped with cameras and sensors, and an advanced AI unit for detecting accidents and traffic anomalies in real time; a territorial level, which integrates and combines the information collected from the different lampposts, and cross-correlates it with external data sources, in order to coordinate and handle warnings and alerts; a training level, in charge of continuously improving the accuracy of the modules that have to sense the environment. Finally, we propose and discuss an early experimental approach for the detection of anomalies, based on a Faster R-CNN, and adopted in the proposed infrastructure.
Neutrino orbital angular momentum in a plasma vortex
Creators: name: Mendonça, J. T.
name: Thidé, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that an electron-neutrino beam, propagating in a background plasma, can be decomposed into orbital momentum (OAM) states, similar to the OAM photon states. Coupling between different OAM neutrino states, in the presence of a plasma vortex, is considered. We show that plasma vorticity can be transfered to the neutrino beam, which is relevant to the understanding of the neutrino sources in astrophysics. Observation of neutrino OAM states could eventually become possible.
description: 4 pages. Submitted to Phys. Lett. B
Extracting Variable-Depth Logical Document Hierarchy from Long Documents: Method, Evaluation, and Application
Creators: name: Cao, Rongyu
name: Cao, Yixuan
name: Zhou, Ganbin
name: Luo, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the problem of extracting variable-depth "logical document hierarchy" from long documents, namely organizing the recognized "physical document objects" into hierarchical structures. The discovery of logical document hierarchy is the vital step to support many downstream applications. However, long documents, containing hundreds or even thousands of pages and variable-depth hierarchy, challenge the existing methods. To address these challenges, we develop a framework, namely Hierarchy Extraction from Long Document (HELD), where we "sequentially" insert each physical object at the proper on of the current tree. Determining whether each possible position is proper or not can be formulated as a binary classification problem. To further improve its effectiveness and efficiency, we study the design variants in HELD, including traversal orders of the insertion positions, heading extraction explicitly or implicitly, tolerance to insertion errors in predecessor steps, and so on. The empirical experiments based on thousands of long documents from Chinese, English financial market and English scientific publication show that the HELD model with the "root-to-leaf" traversal order and explicit heading extraction is the best choice to achieve the tradeoff between effectiveness and efficiency with the accuracy of 0.9726, 0.7291 and 0.9578 in Chinese financial, English financial and arXiv datasets, respectively. Finally, we show that logical document hierarchy can be employed to significantly improve the performance of the downstream passage retrieval task. In summary, we conduct a systematic study on this task in terms of methods, evaluations, and applications.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, Journal of computer science and technology