cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TETRIS-ADAPT-VQE: An adaptive algorithm that yields shallower, denser circuit ansätze
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Panagiotis G.
name: Chen, Yanzhu
name: Mayhall, Nicholas J.
name: Barnes, Edwin
name: Economou, Sophia E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adaptive quantum variational algorithms are particularly promising for simulating strongly correlated systems on near-term quantum hardware, but they are not yet viable due, in large part, to the severe coherence time limitations on current devices. In this work, we introduce an algorithm called TETRIS-ADAPT-VQE, which iteratively builds up variational ansätze a few operators at a time in a way dictated by the problem being simulated. This algorithm is a modified version of the ADAPT-VQE algorithm in which the one-operator-at-a-time rule is lifted to allow for the addition of multiple operators with disjoint supports in each iteration. TETRIS-ADAPT-VQE results in denser but significantly shallower circuits, without increasing the number of CNOT gates or variational parameters. Its advantage over the original algorithm in terms of circuit depths increases with the system size. Moreover, the expensive step of measuring the energy gradient with respect to each candidate unitary at each iteration is performed only a fraction of the time compared to ADAPT-VQE. These improvements bring us closer to the goal of demonstrating a practical quantum advantage on quantum hardware.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
title: Expressing end of life care wishes and preferences amongst Nigerian patients with advanced cancer and their family members
title: A grounded theory study
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Oloyede, Lateefah
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Advance Care Planning
Africa
Grounded Theory
constructivist grounded theory

description: Background: Expressing end of life care wishes and preferences is a vital component of Advance Care Planning (ACP) which facilitates the provision of end of life care that is consistent with the patient’s expressed values, beliefs and goals of care outcomes. There is an acknowledgement of the impact of contextual values on the process of expressing wishes and preferences. Aim: The aim of this study is to a gain a theoretical understanding of the process involved in expressing end of life care wishes and preferences based on the perspectives and experiences of advanced cancer patients and their family carers in Nigeria. Methods: Using a constructivist grounded theory study approach, fourteen qualitative interviews from eight patients with advanced cancer and six family members of patients with advanced cancer were analysed to construct a theoretical model that explains the process of expressing end of life care wishes and preferences in Nigeria. Results: “Rubbing minds together” explains a process by which patients with advanced cancer negotiate their way with their family members to facilitate expressing their end of life care wishes and preferences in the context of a cultural commitment to familial involvement in end of life decision making. The theory is composed of three interlinked components: controlling to seek relief, enduring and collaboration that acknowledges the ongoing overt and hidden compromises that occur in the end of life care communication in this context. Conclusion: This constructed theory emphasises the relational nature of end of life care communication in the African cancer context. This may increase healthcare professionals’ understanding and be crucial to achieving an end of life care context that acknowledges and encourages family members’ involvement and not only that of the patients, thereby enhancing end of life communication with Africans nearing the end of life.
Giant rectification in strongly-interacting driven tilted systems
Creators: name: Mendoza-Arenas, Juan José
name: Clark, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlated quantum systems feature a wide range of nontrivial effects emerging from interactions between their constituting particles. In nonequilibrium scenarios, these manifest in phenomena such as many-body insulating states and anomalous scaling laws of currents of conserved quantities, crucial for applications in quantum circuit technologies. In this work we propose a giant rectification scheme based on the asymmetric interplay between strong particle interactions and a tilted potential, each of which induces an insulating state on their own. While for reverse bias both cooperate and induce a strengthened insulator with an exponentially suppressed current, for forward bias they compete generating conduction resonances; this leads to a rectification coefficient of many orders of magnitude. We uncover the mechanism underlying these resonances as enhanced coherences between energy eigenstates occurring at avoided crossings in the system's bulk energy spectrum. Furthermore, we demonstrate the complexity of the many-body nonequilibrium conducting state through the emergence of enhanced density matrix impurity and operator space entanglement entropy close to the resonances. Our proposal paves the way for implementing a perfect diode in currently-available electronic and quantum simulation platforms.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review X Quantum. 5 figures in main text, 6 figures in appendices
Additional file 1: of Human mesenchymal stromal cells inhibit platelet activation and aggregation involving CD73-converted adenosine
Creators: name: P. Netsch
name: S. Elvers-Hornung
name: S. Uhlig
name: H. KlĂźter
name: V. Huck
name: F. KirschhĂśfer
name: G. Brenner-WeiĂ
name: K. Janetzko
name: H. Solz
name: P. Wuchter
name: P. Bugert
name: K. Bieback
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Table S1. Primer and probes used for RT-qPCR analysis. (DOCX 20Â kb)
title: Statement by New Afrikan Prisoner of War Kuwasi Balagoon
Creators: name: Shabazz, Amilcar
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Social Justice History Education
subject: Postcolonial Theory
subject: Anarchism
subject: Revolutionary Nationalism
subject: African American Studies
subject: International Law
subject: Military, War, and Peace
subject: Race, Ethnicity and Post-Colonial Studies

description: As a member of Kuwasi Balagoon's political defense collective, called the National Committee to Defend New Afrikan Freedom Fighters, I transcribed this statement that he attempted to present in court at his trial in Goshen, NY, that opened July 11, 1983. Orange County Judge David Ritter denied him from giving the full statement that is presented here from the pamphlet that was published for Black August 1983, with the brief introduction that I wrote.
NLS in the modulation space $M_{2,q}(\mathbb R)$
Creators: name: Pattakos, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show the existence of weak solutions in the extended sense of the Cauchy problem for the cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation in the modulation space $M_{2,q}^{s}(\mathbb R)$, $1\leq q\leq2$ and $s\geq0.$ In addition, for either $s\geq 0$ and $1\leq q\leq\frac32$ or $\frac32\frac23-\frac1{q}$ we show that the Cauchy problem is unconditionally wellposed in $M_{2,q}^{s}(\mathbb R).$ It is done with the use of the differentiation by parts technique which had been previously used in the periodic setting.
description: Wrong statements and claims of the previous version have been fixed, unconditional wellposedness result has been added and the reference list has been expanded
Additional file 1: of Comparison of audio vs. audio + video for the rating of shared decision making in oncology using the observer OPTION5 instrument: an exploratory analysis
Creators: name: Gionfriddo, Michael
name: Branda, Megan
name: Fernandez, Cara
name: Leppin, Aaron
name: Yost, Kathleen
name: Kimball, Brittany
name: Spencer-Bonilla, Gabriela
name: Larrea, Laura
name: Nowakowski, Katherine
name: Montori, Victor
name: Tilburt, Jon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Preparing to Score OPTION5. This is the investigator developed protocol for scoring OPTION5 (DOCX 14 kb)
On Ramanujan's lost notebook and new tenth-order like identities for second-, sixth-, and eighth-order mock theta functions
Creators: name: Mortenson, Eric T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Ramanujan's lost notebook contains many mock theta functions and mock theta function identities not mentioned in his last letter to Hardy. For example, we find the four tenth-order mock theta functions and their six identities. The six identities themselves are of a spectacular nature and were first proved by Choi. We also find eight sixth-order mock theta functions in the lost notebook, but among their many identities there is only a single relationship like those of the tenth-orders. Using Appell function properties of Hickerson and Mortenson, we discover and prove three new identities for the sixth-order mock theta functions that are in the spirit of the six tenth-order identities. We also include an additional nineteen tenth-order like identities for various combinations of second-, sixth-, and eighth-order mock theta functions.
description: new title
Exciton spectroscopy of semiconductors by the method of optical harmonics generation
Creators: name: Yakovlev, D. R.
name: Pavlov, V. V.
name: Rodina, A. V.
name: Pisarev, R. V.
name: Mund, J.
name: Warkentin, W.
name: Bayer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear optical phenomena are widely used for the study of semiconductor materials. The paper presents an overview of experimental and theoretical studies of excitons by the method of optical second and third harmonics generation in various bulk semiconductors (GaAs, CdTe, ZnSe, ZnO, Cu$_2$O, (Cd,Mn)Te, EuTe, EuSe), and low-dimensional heterostructures ZnSe/BeTe. Particular attention is paid to the role of external electric and magnetic fields that modify the exciton states and induce new mechanisms of optical harmonics generation. Microscopic mechanisms of harmonics generation based on the Stark effect, the spin and orbital Zeeman effects, and on the magneto-Stark effect specific for excitons moving in an external magnetic field are considered. This approach makes it possible to study the properties of excitons and to obtain new information on their energy and spin structure that is not available when the excitons are investigated by linear optical spectroscopy. As a result of these studies, a large amount of information was obtained, which allows us to conclude on the establishing of a new field of research - exciton spectroscopy by the method of optical harmonics generation.
description: 35 pages, 13 figures, to be published in Solid State Physics Journal (St. Petersburg, Russia as translation of Fizika Tverdogo Tela)
Transition from regular to complex behaviour in a discrete deterministic asymmetric neural network model
Creators: name: Crisanti, A.
name: falcioni, M
name: Vulpiani, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the long time behaviour of the transient before the collapse on the periodic attractors of a discrete deterministic asymmetric neural networks model. The system has a finite number of possible states so it is not possible to use the term chaos in the usual sense of sensitive dependence on the initial condition. Nevertheless, at varying the asymmetry parameter, $k$, one observes a transition from ordered motion (i.e. short transients and short periods on the attractors) to a ``complex'' temporal behaviour. This transition takes place for the same value $k_{\rm c}$ at which one has a change for the mean transient length from a power law in the size of the system ($N$) to an exponential law in $N$. The ``complex'' behaviour during the transient shows strong analogies with the chaotic behaviour: decay of temporal correlations, positive Shannon entropy, non-constant Renyi entropies of different orders. Moreover the transition is very similar to that one for the intermittent transition in chaotic systems: scaling law for the Shannon entropy and strong fluctuations of the ``effective Shannon entropy'' along the transient, for $k > k_{\rm c}$.
description: 18 pages + 6 figures, TeX dialect: Plain TeX + IOP macros (included)
On amplitude zeros at threshold
Creators: name: Argyres, E. N.
name: Papadopoulos, C. G.
name: Kleiss, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The occurrence of zeros of 2 to n amplitudes at threshold in scalar theories is studied. We find a differential equation for the scalar potential, which incorporates all known cases where the 2 to n amplitudes at threshold vanish for all sufficiently large $n$, in all space-time dimensions, $d\ge 1$. This equation is related to the reflectionless potentials of Quantum Mechanics and to integrable theories in 1+1 dimensions. As an application, we find that the sine-Gordon potential and its hyperbolic version, the sinh-Gordon potential, also have amplitude zeros at threshold, ${\cal A}(2\to n)=0$, for $n\ge 4$ and $d\ge 2$, independently of the mass and the coupling constant.
description: 6 pages, Latex, CERN-TH.6762/92
From Rules to Regs: A Structural Topic Model of Collusion Research
Creators: name: Schmal, W. Benedikt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Collusive practices of firms continue to be a major threat to competition and consumer welfare. Academic research on this topic aims at understanding the economic drivers and behavioral patterns of cartels, among others, to guide competition authorities on how to tackle them. Utilizing topical machine learning techniques in the domain of natural language processing enables me to analyze the publications on this issue over more than 20 years in a novel way. Coming from a stylized oligopoly-game theory focus, researchers recently turned toward empirical case studies of bygone cartels. Uni- and multivariate time series analyses reveal that the latter did not supersede the former but filled a gap the decline in rule-based reasoning has left. Together with a tendency towards monocultures in topics covered and an endogenous constriction of the topic variety, the course of cartel research has changed notably: The variety of subjects included has grown, but the pluralism in economic questions addressed is in descent. It remains to be seen whether this will benefit or harm the cartel detection capabilities of authorities in the future.
The charged Higgs boson mass in the 2HDM: decoupling and CP violation
Creators: name: Krawczyk, Maria
name: Sokolowska, Dorota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mass range of the charged Higgs boson in the 2HDM with explicit and spontaneous CP violation is discussed. Constraints on M_H+ in the CP conserving 2HDM(II) are shown.
description: Oct. 2007, 5 pages, 2 figures, Presented at 2007 International Linear Collider Workshop (LCWS07 and ILC07), Hamburg, Germany, 30 May - 3 Jun 2007
MOESM10 of Multivariate unmixing approaches on Raman images of plant cell walls: new insights or overinterpretation of results?
Creators: name: Batirtze Prats-Mateu
name: Felhofer, Martin
name: Juan, Anna
name: Gierlinger, Notburga
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 10: Figure S4. VCA (top) and NMF (bottom) analyses of the data set Spruce, without previous background subtraction (A) and with background subtraction (B) with a rank of 5 endmembers. For VCA (top), when no background subtraction is applied (A), EM1 shows the inner part of the cell corners whereas EM4 shows the outer cell corners but also part of the main cell wall. EM2 shows the cell wall layer S1 in which the cellulose microfibril orientation is parallel to the laser polarisation. Note the presence of pectin at 854 cm−1 in the cell corner in the EM1 and EM4. EM3 marks most of the cell wall (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) while EM5 is the lumen filled with water. (B) Distribution maps of the endmembers (EM) generated by VCA of Spruce with prior background subtraction. The abundance maps are similar distributed as (A) but for EM4, which does not incorporate parts of the cell wall but rather only the compound middle lamella. The intensity profiles of the same endmembers in A and B are equally scaled between same endmembers, having the brightest pixel the maximum intensity. (C) and (D) Corresponding characteristic endmember spectra of the abundance maps shown in (A) and (B), respectively. The main differences between EMs are attributed to the 1658 band (C=O stretching and C=C groups) (see also inserts) and the orientation of the cellulose microfibrils (bands at 1096, 1125 and lower spectral region 370–550 cm−1).
New Constraints on Dark Matter and Cosmic Neutrino Profiles through Gravity
Creators: name: Tsai, Yu-Dai
name: Eby, Joshua
name: Arakawa, Jason
name: Farnocchia, Davide
name: Safronova, Marianna S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive purely gravitational constraints on dark matter and cosmic neutrino profiles in the solar system using asteroid (101955) Bennu. We focus on Bennu because of its extensive tracking data and high-fidelity trajectory modeling resulting from the OSIRIS-REx mission. We find that the local density of dark matter is bound by $ρ_{\rm DM}\lesssim 3.3\times 10^{-15}\;\rm kg/m^3 \simeq 6\times10^6\,\barρ_{\rm DM}$, in the vicinity of $\sim 1.1$ au (where $\barρ_{\rm DM}\simeq 0.3\;\rm GeV/cm^3$). We show that high-precision tracking data of solar system objects can constrain cosmic neutrino overdensities relative to the Standard Model prediction $\bar{n}_ν$, at the level of $η\equiv n_ν/\bar{n}_ν\lesssim 1.7 \times 10^{11}(0.1 \;{\rm eV}/m_ν)$ (Saturn), comparable to the existing bounds from KATRIN and other previous laboratory experiments (with $m_ν$ the neutrino mass). These local bounds have interesting implications for existing and future direct-detection experiments. Our constraints apply to all dark matter candidates but are particularly meaningful for scenarios including solar halos, stellar basins, and axion miniclusters, which predict or allow overdensities in the solar system. Furthermore, introducing a DM-SM long-range fifth force with a strength $\tildeα_D$ times stronger than gravity, Bennu can set a constraint on $ρ_{\rm DM}\lesssim \barρ_{\rm DM}\left(6 \times 10^6/\tildeα_D\right)$. These constraints can be improved in the future as the accuracy of tracking data improves, observational arcs increase, and more missions visit asteroids.
description: 2 figures, 2 tables, 9 pages plus references
A Semantic Framework for the Security Analysis of Ethereum smart contracts
Creators: name: Grishchenko, Ilya
name: Maffei, Matteo
name: Schneidewind, Clara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Smart contracts are programs running on cryptocurrency (e.g., Ethereum) blockchains, whose popularity stem from the possibility to perform financial transactions, such as payments and auctions, in a distributed environment without need for any trusted third party. Given their financial nature, bugs or vulnerabilities in these programs may lead to catastrophic consequences, as witnessed by recent attacks. Unfortunately, programming smart contracts is a delicate task that requires strong expertise: Ethereum smart contracts are written in Solidity, a dedicated language resembling JavaScript, and shipped over the blockchain in the EVM bytecode format. In order to rigorously verify the security of smart contracts, it is of paramount importance to formalize their semantics as well as the security properties of interest, in particular at the level of the bytecode being executed. In this paper, we present the first complete small-step semantics of EVM bytecode, which we formalize in the F* proof assistant, obtaining executable code that we successfully validate against the official Ethereum test suite. Furthermore, we formally define for the first time a number of central security properties for smart contracts, such as call integrity, atomicity, and independence from miner controlled parameters. This formalization relies on a combination of hyper- and safety properties. Along this work, we identified various mistakes and imprecisions in existing semantics and verification tools for Ethereum smart contracts, thereby demonstrating once more the importance of rigorous semantic foundations for the design of security verification techniques.
description: The EAPLS Best Paper Award at ETAPS
Fast same-step forecast in SUTSE model and its theoretical properties
Creators: name: Yoshida, Wataru
name: Hirose, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of forecasting multivariate time series by a Seemingly Unrelated Time Series Equations (SUTSE) model. The SUTSE model usually assumes that error variables are correlated. A crucial issue is that the model estimation requires heavy computational loads because of a large matrix computation, especially for high-dimensional data. To alleviate the computational issue, we propose a two-stage procedure for forecasting. First, we perform the Kalman filter as if error variables are uncorrelated; that is, univariate time-series analyses are conducted separately to avoid a large matrix computation. Next, the forecast value is computed by using a distribution of forecast error. The proposed algorithm is much faster than the ordinary SUTSE model because we do not require a large matrix computation. Some theoretical properties of our proposed estimator are presented. Monte Carlo simulation is performed to investigate the effectiveness of our proposed method. The usefulness of our proposed procedure is illustrated through a bus congestion data application.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures
Effect of Adiabatic Deceleration on the Focused Transport of Solar Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Ruffolo, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of focused transport theory, adiabatic deceleration arises from adiabatic focusing in the solar wind frame and from differential solar wind convection. An explicit formula is given for the deceleration of individual particles as a function of the pitch angle. Deceleration and other first-order effects of the solar wind, including convection, are incorporated into a numerical code for simulating the transport of energetic particles along the interplanetary magnetic field. We use this code to model the transport of solar flare protons. We find that including deceleration can increase the decay rate of the near-Earth intensity by 75\% more than would be expected based on advection from higher momenta, due to an interplay with diffusive processes. Improved response functions are derived for the impulsive injection of particles near the Sun, and it is found that neglecting deceleration leads to incorrect estimates of the scattering mean free path based on the intensity decay alone, especially for lower-energy particles.
description: accepted for publication in Astrophys. J., 17 pp. plain TEX + 7 uuencoded-compressed-tarred PostScript figures, 1 non-PostScript figure available from david@chulkn.chula.ac.th
High order splitting methods for SDEs satisfying a commutativity condition
Creators: name: Foster, James
name: Reis, Goncalo dos
name: Strange, Calum
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H35, 60J65, 60L90, 65C30

description: In this paper, we introduce a new simple approach to developing and establishing the convergence of splitting methods for a large class of stochastic differential equations (SDEs), including additive, diagonal and scalar noise types. The central idea is to view the splitting method as a replacement of the driving signal of an SDE, namely Brownian motion and time, with a piecewise linear path that yields a sequence of ODEs $-$ which can be discretized to produce a numerical scheme. This new way of understanding splitting methods is inspired by, but does not use, rough path theory. We show that when the driving piecewise linear path matches certain iterated stochastic integrals of Brownian motion, then a high order splitting method can be obtained. We propose a general proof methodology for establishing the strong convergence of these approximations that is akin to the general framework of Milstein and Tretyakov. That is, once local error estimates are obtained for the splitting method, then a global rate of convergence follows. This approach can then be readily applied in future research on SDE splitting methods. By incorporating recently developed approximations for iterated integrals of Brownian motion into these piecewise linear paths, we propose several high order splitting methods for SDEs satisfying a certain commutativity condition. In our experiments, which include the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model and additive noise SDEs (noisy anharmonic oscillator, stochastic FitzHugh-Nagumo model, underdamped Langevin dynamics), the new splitting methods exhibit convergence rates of $O(h^{3/2})$ and outperform schemes previously proposed in the literature.
description: 49 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 2: of Identification and validation of single-sample breast cancer radiosensitivity gene expression predictors
Creators: name: Sjöström, Martin
name: Staaf, Johan
name: Edén, Patrik
name: Wärnberg, Fredrik
name: Bergh, Jonas
name: Malmström, Per
name: Fernö, Mårten
name: Niméus, Emma
name: Fredriksson, Irma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplemental methods, results and discussion. (DOCX 91 kb)
Fast, effective, and coherent time series modeling using the sparsity-ranked lasso
Creators: name: Peterson, Ryan
name: Cavanaugh, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The sparsity-ranked lasso (SRL) has been developed for model selection and estimation in the presence of interactions and polynomials. The main tenet of the SRL is that an algorithm should be more skeptical of higher-order polynomials and interactions *a priori* compared to main effects, and hence the inclusion of these more complex terms should require a higher level of evidence. In time series, the same idea of ranked prior skepticism can be applied to the possibly seasonal autoregressive (AR) structure of the series during the model fitting process, becoming especially useful in settings with uncertain or multiple modes of seasonality. The SRL can naturally incorporate exogenous variables, with streamlined options for inference and/or feature selection. The fitting process is quick even for large series with a high-dimensional feature set. In this work, we discuss both the formulation of this procedure and the software we have developed for its implementation via the **fastTS** R package. We explore the performance of our SRL-based approach in a novel application involving the autoregressive modeling of hourly emergency room arrivals at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. We find that the SRL is considerably faster than its competitors, while producing more accurate predictions.
description: Statistical Modelling. 2024
(D4.9) Concept and impact validation for the case-study buildings based on the virtual test-bed
Creators: name: Bastero, Josué Borrajo
name: Himpe, Eline
name: Figueroa, Iago Cupeiro
name: Picard, Damien
name: Ferkl, Lukas
name: Helsen, Lieve
name: Laverge, Jelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: H2020
EU
hybridGEOTABS
BES-models
Modelica
Dymola
HVAC
MPC
control
LCC
GEOTABS
hybrid systems
energy performance
environmental performance
CO2-emission
case-study buildings
energy saving
renewable energy
geothermal energy

description: In this report, the performance of the hybridGEOTABS concept is assessed by quantifying the savings obtained by using hybridGEOTABS combined with Rule Based Controls and Model Predictive Controls, as compared to traditional heating/cooling and control strategies. This quantification is done using dynamic building energy simulations of case‑study buildings in a virtual test‑bed. The energy, cost and environmental performance are assessed. The deliverable documents the methodology, analysis and resulting conclusions of this assessment.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 723649
Conductance statistics in small GaAs:Si wires at low temperatures. I. Theoretical analysis: truncated quantum fluctuations in insulating wires
Creators: name: Ladieu, François
name: Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse in detail Mott's variable range hopping in one dimension, expanding on earlier work by Raikh and Ruzin. We show that the large conductance fluctuations in disordered insulators result from a subtle interplay between purely quantum phenomena and geometrical fluctuations arising from the energies and locations of the impurities. Our results compare very well with both experiments and numerical simulations.
Inequalities for integrals of the modified Struve function of the first kind
Creators: name: Gaunt, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C10, 26D15

description: Simple inequalities for some integrals involving the modified Struve function of the first kind $\mathbf{L}_ν(x)$ are established. In most cases, these inequalities have best possible constant. We also deduce a tight double inequality, involving the modified Struve function $\mathbf{L}_ν(x)$, for a generalized hypergeometric function.
description: 9 pages. To appear in Results in Mathematics, 2018+
(D3.2) Report describing the mathematical formulation of different objective functions for hybridGEOTABS buildings MPC
Creators: name: Figueroa, Iago Cupeiro
name: Jiri Cigler
name: Helsen, Lieve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: H2020
EU
hybridGEOTABS
MPC
objective function
cost function
MPC formulation

description: This deliverable reviews and describes the possible objective functions in the MPC formulation for the hybridGEOTABS concept. Model Predictive Control implies the recurring use of an optimization problem in the discrete time which aims to minimize a cost or objective function. In building HVAC applications, typical objectives are the minimisation of the energy use, energy cost or CO2-emissions, while maintaining the indoor environmental quality and thermal balance of the geothermal borefield. Alternative objectives are discussed, such as the peak power, share of RES, flexibility etc.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 723649
Node-to-node contact-friction problems using run-time parameter updates on a conventional force-deformation finite element
Creators: name: Rahman, Asifur
name: Mackie, Kevin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel implementation of the traditional node-to-node Coulomb contact-friction problem is presented that utilizes run-time parameter updates on conventional elasto-plastic elements. The two-noded elements are defined by an independent uniaxial force-deformation (or constitutive) relation in each degree of freedom. The location of the two nodes may or may not be coincident. A parameter is a pointer to a value (nodal geometry, element property, material property, etc.) in the finite element domain that can be controlled by the user. Parameters that control the frictional interface normal and tangential responses are updated based on contact detection, and eliminate the need for adding new source code to the finite element library of a given software. The run-time algorithm for updating both an elastic and elasto-plastic force-deformation element to achieve a penalty-based contact-friction model is presented. Static and dynamic cases were investigated for a two-noded unit process and compared with the results obtained from closed-form solutions. Multiple interface elements were then used for the sliding, tipping, and rocking responses of a rigid block on rigid foundation. Finally, several case studies were investigated, and the findings were compared with the experimental results or solutions from the literature. The proposed friction-contact implementation can be deployed in larger finite element models, and parameter updates facilitate implementation of a wider array of friction models by changing only the constitutive model.
Fast two-pulse collisions in linear diffusion-advection systems with weak quadratic loss in spatial dimension 2
Creators: name: Peleg, Avner
name: Huynh, Toan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of fast two-pulse collisions in linear diffusion-advection systems with weak quadratic loss in spatial dimension 2. We introduce a two-dimensional perturbation method, which generalizes the perturbation method used for studying two-pulse collisions in spatial dimension 1. We then use the generalized perturbation method to show that a fast collision in spatial dimension 2 leads to a change in the pulse shape in the direction transverse to the advection velocity vector. Moreover, we show that in the important case of a separable initial condition, the longitudinal part in the expression for the amplitude shift has a simple universal form, while the transverse part does not. Additionally, we show that anisotropy in the initial condition leads to a complex dependence of the amplitude shift on the orientation angle between the pulses. Our perturbation theory predictions are in very good agreement with results of extensive numerical simulations with the weakly perturbed diffusion-advection model. Thus, our study significantly enhances and generalizes the results of previous works on fast collisions in diffusion-advection systems, which were limited to spatial dimension 1.
description: The paper presents a perturbation method for fast two-pulse collisions in diffusion-advection systems with weak nonlinear loss in dimension higher than 1. It generalizes the method that was used in arXiv:1702.05583 and arXiv:1808.04323 for the 1-dimensional problem. It complements the method that was presented in arXiv:2102.07438 for the high-dimensional problem in weakly nonlinear optical media
Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays from nearby starburst galaxies
Creators: name: Attallah, Reda
name: Bouchachi, Dallel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrahigh energy cosmic rays are the most energetic of any subatomic particles ever observed in nature. The quest for their mysterious origin is currently a major scientific challenge. Here we explore the possibility that these particles originate from nearby starburst galaxies, a scenario that matches the recent observation by the Telescope Array experiment of a cosmic-ray hotspot above 57~EeV not far from the direction of the starburst galaxy M82. Specifically, we study the stochastic propagation in space of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays through the state-of-the-art simulation framework CRPropa~3, taking into account all relevant particle interactions as well as deflections by the intervening magnetic fields. To ensure a comprehensive understanding of this model, we consider the energy spectrum, the cosmogenic neutrinos and gamma rays, and the distribution of arrival directions. The starburst galaxy scenario reproduces well observations from both the Telescope Array and Pierre Auger Observatories, making it very attractive for explaining the origin of cosmic rays at the highest energies.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cooperative data-driven modeling
Creators: name: Dekhovich, Aleksandr
name: Turan, O. Taylan
name: Yi, Jiaxiang
name: Bessa, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data-driven modeling in mechanics is evolving rapidly based on recent machine learning advances, especially on artificial neural networks. As the field matures, new data and models created by different groups become available, opening possibilities for cooperative modeling. However, artificial neural networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting, i.e. they forget how to perform an old task when trained on a new one. This hinders cooperation because adapting an existing model for a new task affects the performance on a previous task trained by someone else. The authors developed a continual learning method that addresses this issue, applying it here for the first time to solid mechanics. In particular, the method is applied to recurrent neural networks to predict history-dependent plasticity behavior, although it can be used on any other architecture (feedforward, convolutional, etc.) and to predict other phenomena. This work intends to spawn future developments on continual learning that will foster cooperative strategies among the mechanics community to solve increasingly challenging problems. We show that the chosen continual learning strategy can sequentially learn several constitutive laws without forgetting them, using less data to achieve the same error as standard (non-cooperative) training of one law per model.
Additional file 2: of Genome variants associated with RNA splicing variations in bovine are extensively shared between tissues
Creators: name: Ruidong Xiang
name: Hayes, Ben
name: Jagt, Christy Vander
name: MacLeod, Iona
name: Khansefid, Majid
name: Bowman, Phil
name: Zehu Yuan
name: Prowse-Wilkins, Claire
name: Reich, Coralie
name: Mason, Brett
name: Garner, Josie
name: Marett, Leah
name: Yizhou Chen
name: Sunduimijid Bolormaa
name: Daetwyler, Hans
name: Chamberlain, Amanda
name: Goddard, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S1. Gene coverage uniformity plots for each tissue type for a) all genes, b) 500 highest expressed genes and c) 500 lowest expressed genes, as determined by QualimapÂ 2 [1]. Figure S2. Splicing junction saturation analysis for each tissue type for a) all splicing junctions, b) known splicing junctions and c) novel splicing junctions. Figure S3. The distribution of concordance between imputed and RNA sequence genotypes. Figure S4. Sample principal components clustering based on exon expression. Figure S5. Correlation of sQTLs (splicing quantitative trait loci), eeQTLs (exon expression QTLs) and geQTLs (gene expression QTLs) effects (t values) between tissues. Figure S6. Sharing of sQTLs (splicing quantitative trait loci), eeQTLs (exon expression QTLs) and geQTLs (gene expression QTLs) in paired tissues at pâ
Additional file 1: of Klotho expression is a prerequisite for proper muscle stem cell function and regeneration of skeletal muscle
Creators: name: Ahrens, Hellen
name: Huettemeister, Judith
name: Schmidt, Manuel
name: Kaether, Christoph
name: Maltzahn, Julia Von
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. ΔKlotho mice display signs of sarcopenia. (A) Immunofluorescence of cross-sections of TA muscles from ΔKlotho and control mice stained for DAPI (DNA, blue) and Laminin (green) at p14, p21, and p56. Scale bar = 50 μm. (B) Minimal fiber feret measured on the whole cross-sections from ΔKlotho and control TA muscles at p14, p21, and p56. (p14, p56 n ≥ 3 mice per genotype, p21 n = 3 mice per genotype). (C) Quantification of the cross-section area of the mid-belly region of TA muscles determined from sections from ΔKlotho and control at p14, p21, and p56. (p14, p56 n ≥ 3 mice per genotype, p21 n = 3 mice per genotype). (D) Immunoblot analyses of atrophy associated ubiquitin ligases in TA muscles from ΔKlotho and control littermates at different ages. (E) Fold expression of different ubiquitin ligases as shown in (D), values for ΔKlotho are normalized to control animal of the same age. (F) Muscle weight of tibialis anterior (TA) muscles from adult ΔKlotho (n = 6) and control mice, n = 8 (G) Muscle weight of tibialis anterior (TA) muscles normalized to the length of the tibia bone from adult ΔKlotho (n = 6) and control mice (n = 8). All data are presented as means ± SEM. *p
Enhanced deuteron coalescence probability in jets
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transverse-momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) spectra and coalescence parameters $B_2$ of (anti)deuterons are measured in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV for the first time in and out of jets. In this measurement, the direction of the leading particle with the highest $p_{\rm T}$ in the event ($p_{\rm T}^{\rm{ lead}} > 5$ GeV/$c$) is used as an approximation for the jet axis. The event is consequently divided into three azimuthal regions and the jet signal is obtained as the difference between the Toward region, that contains jet fragmentation products in addition to the underlying event (UE), and the Transverse region, which is dominated by the UE. The coalescence parameter in the jet is found to be approximately a factor of 10 larger than that in the underlying event. This experimental observation is consistent with the coalescence picture and can be attributed to the smaller average phase-space distance between nucleons inside the jet cone as compared to the underlying event. The results presented in this Letter are compared to predictions from a simple nucleon coalescence model, where the phase space distributions of nucleons are generated using PYTHIA 8 with the Monash 2013 tuning, and to predictions from a deuteron production model based on ordinary nuclear reactions with parametrized energy-dependent cross sections tuned on data. The latter model is implemented in PYTHIA 8.3. Both models reproduce the observed large difference between in-jet and out-of-jet coalescence parameters, although the almost flat trend of the $B^{\rm Jet}_2$ is not reproduced by the models, which instead give a decreasing trend.
description: 18 pages, 2 captioned figures, authors from page 13, published version + fix from erratum, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/8658
Study of supersolidity in the two-dimensional Hubbard-Holstein model
Creators: name: Ghosh, A.
name: Kar, S.
name: Yarlagadda, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an effective Hamiltonian for the two-dimensional Hubbard-Holstein model in the regimes of strong electron-electron and strong electron-phonon interactions by using a nonperturbative approach. In the parameter region where the system manifests the existence of a correlated singlet phase, the effective Hamiltonian transforms to a $t_1-V_1-V_2-V_3$ Hamiltonian for hard-core-bosons on a checkerboard lattice. We employ quantum Monte Carlo simulations, involving stochastic-series-expansion technique, to obtain the ground state phase diagram. At filling $1/8$, as the strength of off-site repulsion increases, the system undergoes a first-order transition from a superfluid to a diagonal striped solid with ordering wavevector $\vec{Q}=(π/4,3π/4)$ or $(π/4,5π/4)$. Unlike the one-dimensional situation, our results in the two-dimensional case reveal a supersolid phase (corresponding to the diagonal striped solid) around filling $1/8$ and at large off-site repulsions. Furthermore, for small off-site repulsions, we witness a valence bond solid at one-fourth filling and tiny phase-separated regions at slightly higher fillings.
description: Accepted in EPJ B