cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Increasing Minimum Teacher Salaries: Opportunities and Drawbacks Across Geography and Race
Creators: name: Manion, Anita
name: Varkey, Sapna
name: Anglum, J. Cameron
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2024

description:
Following record-high public support for improved teacher salaries, many states initiated a variety of pandemic-era reforms to teacher compensation policies to improve teacher morale and retention. In this article, we examine a minimum teacher salary reform in Missouri, a state home to a diverse geographic landscape including major metropolitan areas and large rural regions. On the one hand, we estimate eligible teachers would receive sizable salary increases averaging almost eight percent. Conversely, these teachers were located almost exclusively in the state's rural areas, effectively excluding most urban teachers and students and, due to the state's non-white ethnoracial concentration in urban metropolitan areas, virtually all of the state's non-White teachers and students. As states craft policy reforms to support their teacher workforces, attention must be devoted to the magnitude and the distribution of funding to ensure its equitable allocation across teacher and student characteristics and district urbanicity.
Generalized parton distributions of the pion in chiral quark models and their QCD evolution
Creators: name: Broniowski, Wojciech
name: Arriola, Enrique Ruiz
name: Golec-Biernat, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate Generalized Parton Distributions of the pion in two chiral quark models: the Spectral Quark Model and the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with a Pauli-Villars regularization. We proceed by the evaluation of double distributions through the use of a manifestly covariant calculation based on the alpha representation of propagators. As a result polynomiality is incorporated automatically and calculations become simple. In addition, positivity and normalization constraints, sum rules and soft pion theorems are fulfilled. We obtain explicit formulas, holding at the low-energy quark-model scale. The expressions exhibit no factorization in the t-dependence. The QCD evolution of those parton distributions is carried out to experimentally or lattice accessible scales. We argue for the need of evolution by comparing the Parton Distribution Function and the Parton Distribution Amplitude of the pion to the available experimental and lattice data, and confirm that the quark-model scale is low, about 320 MeV.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures, added discussion of the end-point behavior
Systematic investigation of the deformation mechanisms of a γ-TiAl single crystal
Creators: name: Jeong, Byungkwan
name: Kim, Jaemin
name: Lee, Taegu
name: Kim, Seong-Woong
name: Ryu, Seunghwa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a theoretical framework to predict the deformation mechanism of the γ-TiAl single crystal without lattice defects by combining the generalized stacking fault energy and the Schmid factor. Our theory is validated against an excellent testbed, the single crystal nanowire, by correctly predicting four major deformation mechanisms, namely, ordinary slip, super slip, twinning, and mixed slip/fracture observed during the tensile and compressive tests along 10 different orientations using molecular dynamics simulations. Interestingly, although lattice defects are not taken into account, the theoretical predictions match well with existing experiments on bulk specimen with only a few exceptions; the exceptions are discussed based on the size-dependent deformation mechanism in the presence of preexisting dislocation sources. We expect that the method in this paper can be generalized to study various ductile intermetallic crystals where conventional Schmid law does not hold well.
Integrating Probabilistic Reasoning and Statistical Quality Control Techniques for Fault Diagnosis in Hybrid Domains
Creators: name: Ricks, Brian
name: Harrison, Craig
name: Mengshoel, Ole J
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian networks, which may be compiled to arithmetic circuits in the interest of speed and predictability, provide a probabilistic method for system fault diagnosis. Currently, there is a limitation in arithmetic circuits in that they can only represent discrete random variables, while important fault types such as drift and offset faults are continuous and induce continuous sensor data. In this paper, we investigate how to handle continuous behavior by using discrete random variables with a small number of states, without using soft evidence, which is a traditional technique for handling continuous sensor data. We do so by integrating a method from statistical quality control, known as cumulative sum (CUSUM), with probabilistic reasoning using static arithmetic circuits compiled from static Bayesian networks. We demonstrate that our ProDiagnose approach can diagnose faults that are small in magnitude (offset faults) or which drift linearly from a nominal state (drift faults). Experimentally, an arithmetic circuit model of the ADAPT Electrical Power System (EPS), a real-world EPS located at the NASA Ames Research Center, is considered. We report on the validation of this approach using ProDiagnose, which had the best performance in three of four of the industrial track competitions in 2009 and 2010 (DXC-09 and DXC-10).
Qatar's Strategy for Countering Terrorism: A Human Security Approach
Creators: name: Ahmad, Alya Mohammed
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 50
subject: Philosophy and religious studies

description: The phenomena of what constitutes terrorism are taking on different forms and seem to be expanding with time. Concurrently, decision-makers are trying their best to defeat it. In Qatar, a constitutional but centralized monarchy, the strategy to end terrorism is not exposed to public, simply because it doesn’t exist. Rather, it is represented in the efforts done by the state on both national and international levels. After a blockade was imposed against Qatar by three neighbouring Gulf States and Egypt in 2017, many Qatari citizens were puzzled and wondered what could motivate these countries to take such a brutal and unexpected action against their nation. The blocking quartet claimed that Qatar supports and finances terrorism. Although the state of Qatar has continuously rejected all such allegations, the blockading countries have not accepted this denegation. This thesis seeks thus to document the strategy of, and efforts made by, the state of Qatar to counter terrorism. It sums up Qatar’s efforts under a strategy of four pillars: Prevent, Protect, Pursue and Empower. The thesis will elaborate on what Qatar has done to counter terrorism within its borders and overseas. First on the domestic front, where a number of reforms and laws which fight different angles of terrorist activities, such as terror financing. Second on the international level, where Qatar has used international cooperation and international participation to counter the roots of terrorism and prevent it from emerging internationally.
Paeoniflorin loaded liposomes modified with glycyrrhetinic acid for liver-targeting: preparation, characterization, and pharmacokinetic study
Creators: name: Yang, Menghuan
name: Jiang, Gang
name: Li, Yumeng
name: Chen, Weidong
name: Zhang, Shantang
name: Wang, Rulin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: To enhance the retention times and therapeutic efficacy of paeoniflorin (PF), a liver-targeted drug delivery system has been developed using glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) as a ligand. The development and optimization of GA-modified PF liposomes (GPLs) have shown promising potential for targeted delivery to the liver, opening up new possibilities for liver disease treatment. This study aimed to identify the best prescriptions using single-factor experiments and response surface methodology. The formulation morphology was determined using transmission electron microscopy. Tissue distribution was observed through in vivo imaging, and pharmacokinetic studies were conducted. The results indicated that GPLs, prepared using the thin film dispersion method and response surface optimization, exhibited well-dispersed and uniformly sized particles. The in vitro release rate of GPLs was slower compared to PF monomers, suggesting a sustained release effect. The liver-targeting ability of GA resulted in stronger fluorescence signals in the liver for targeted liposomes compared to non-targeted liposomes. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that GPLs significantly prolonged the residence time of PF in the bloodstream, thereby contributing to prolonged efficacy. These findings suggest that GPLs are more effective than PF monomers in terms of controlling drug release and delivering drugs to specific targets, highlighting the potential of PF as a liver-protective drug.
title: Влияние соевых белков на рост меланомы В-16 и свободнорадикальные процессы в сыворотке крови животных-опухоленосителей / Киреев Г. В., Ассесорова Ю. Ю., Юсупова А. А., Колоярова Н. Е., Баленков О. Ю., Ибрагимов Ф. А. // Вопросы онкологии. — 2006. — Т. 52, № 3. — С. 346–348.
Creators: name: Balenkov, Oleg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The influence of soybean proteins on melanoma B-16 growth versus free-radical mechanisms in tumor-bearing animals / Kireev G.V., Assessorova Yu.Yu., Yusupova A.A., Koloyarova N.E., Balenkov O. Yu., Ibragimov F.A. // Voprosy Onkologii. — 2006. — V. 52. — N 3. — P. 346–348.
 The study deals with antitumor action of soybean proteins as natural bio-mediators for alleviating side-effects of chemotherapy. The influence of soybean proteins on antibody formation and free-radical mechanisms in blood serum was assessed in melanoma B-16-bearing mice. Use of soybean proteins was followed by a 65% rise in inhibition of tumor growth and an 1.4-fold increase in survival time. In particular, an enhanced level of antibody formation cells in the spleen and normalization of oxidative processes in blood serum were reported.
First conceptual hydrogeological model of two intermountain Andean basins based on isotopes and hydrochemistry
Creators: name: Lana, Nerina Belén
name: Ibañez, Sandra
name: Salvi, Natalia
name: Cicerone, Daniel
name: Manzano, Marisol
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Mountains arid environments are vulnerable under climate change scenarios. Variations in the recharge sources and the rising temperature can affect the water availability, threaten the socio-productive systems on local and regional scales. In this sense, two hydrological systems were studied in the Andes Range, Argentina, by hydrochemical and isotope techniques, with the purpose to understand the origin of water, the groundwater recharge, and to conceptualize the groundwater flow system. In the two sampling periods (winter and summer seasons) most of the waters were characterized by low mineralization and a HCO3-Ca type. The isotopic composition showed wide ranges of variation consistent with the altitudinal differences existing in the study systems. However, no significant isotope changes were observed between the samples collected in winter and summer periods. Therefore, little influence of liquid precipitation is inferred in the recharge source of both hydrological systems. This means that the western sector of the valley, where the ice bodies and permafrost are located, is the main recharge area for groundwater of both basins. This confirms the former hypothesis used for the hydrogeochemical conceptual model proposed, and highlights the importance of protecting these environments to ensure the provision of water in arid lands.
Universal non-phononic density of states in 2D, 3D and 4D glasses
Creators: name: Kapteijns, Geert
name: Bouchbinder, Eran
name: Lerner, Edan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now well established that structural glasses possess disorder- and frustration-induced soft quasilocalized excitations, which play key roles in various glassy phenomena. Recent work has established that in model glass-formers in three dimensions, these non-phononic soft excitations may assume the form of quasilocalized, harmonic vibrational modes whose frequency follows a universal density of states $D(ω)\!\sim\!ω^4$, independently of microscopic details, and for a broad range of glass preparation protocols. Here we further establish the universality of the non-phononic density of vibrational modes by direct measurements in model structural glasses in two dimensions and four dimensions. We also investigate their degree of localization, which is generally weaker in lower spatial dimensions, giving rise to a pronounced system-size dependence of the non-phononic density of states in two dimensions, but not in higher dimensions. Finally, we identify a fundamental glassy frequency scale $ω_c$ above which the universal $ω^4$ law breaks down.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: The Dinoflagellate Flora of the Late Oligocene - Early Miocene Old Church Formation Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain
Creators: name: Hoffmeister, Alan P.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1994

description: The Old Church Formation contains the only presently known exposed Oligocene sediments in the North American mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain. Some ambiguity concerning the exact age of the Old Church Formation exists because it may include both Oligocene and Miocene sediments. Two outcrops and four cores containing the Old Church Formation were examined for dinoflagellates to determine the composition of the dinoflagellate flora in the Old Church Formation, the age of the Old Church Formation as indicated by this flora, general depositional environment of the Old Church Formation and correlative relationships of the Old Church Formation with other Coastal Plain units.

The dinoflagellate flora of the Old Church Formation consists of 40 species from 29 genera and one complex that contains species from at least two genera that were in place and six species from five genera that were reworked.

Examination of this flora indicates that two distinct assemblages of dinocysts, possibly representing two pulses of sea level rise, are contained within the Old Church Formation. These assemblages are distinguishable in locations where the amount of preserved material is greater than ten feet. The age of the Old Church Formation falls within the range of late Oligocene to early Miocene, but exact age placement is not possible.

The dinocyst flora recovered from the Old Church Formation indicates that the sediment was deposited in a subtropical, neritic setting.

Correlation of the Old Church Formation with other units in the Atlantic Coastal Plain is still somewhat uncertain due to the ambiguity in the age of the dinocyst assemblages observed. The Old Church Formation has been correlated with the Haywood Landing Member of the Belgrade Formation in North Carolina, part of the Edisto Formation and possibly part of the Ashley Formation in South Carolina.
The origins of Zipf's meaning-frequency law
Creators: name: Ferrer-i-Cancho, Ramon
name: Vitevitch, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In his pioneering research, G. K. Zipf observed that more frequent words tend to have more meanings, and showed that the number of meanings of a word grows as the square root of its frequency. He derived this relationship from two assumptions: that words follow Zipf's law for word frequencies (a power law dependency between frequency and rank) and Zipf's law of meaning distribution (a power law dependency between number of meanings and rank). Here we show that a single assumption on the joint probability of a word and a meaning suffices to infer Zipf's meaning-frequency law or relaxed versions. Interestingly, this assumption can be justified as the outcome of a biased random walk in the process of mental exploration.
Integrated Software and Sensor Health Management for Small Spacecraft
Creators: name: Schumann, Johann
name: Mengshoel, Ole J
name: Mbaya, Timmy
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite their size, small spacecraft have highly complex architectures with many sensors and computer-controlled actuators. At the same time, size, weight, and budget constraints often dictate that small spacecraft are designed as single-string systems, which means that there are no or few redundant systems. Thus, all components, including software, must operate as reliably. Faults, if present, must be detected as early as possible to enable (usually limited) forms of mitigation. Telemetry bandwidth for such spacecraft is usually very limited. Therefore, fault detection and diagnosis must be performed on-board. Further restrictions include low computational power and small memory. In this paper, we discuss the use of Bayesian networks (BNs) to monitor the health of on-board software and sensor systems, and to perform advanced on-board diagnostic reasoning. Advanced compilation techniques are used to obtain a compact SSHM (Software and Sensor Health Management) system with a powerful reasoning engine, which can run in an embedded software environment and is amenable to V&V. We successfully demonstrate our approach using an OSEK-compliant operating system kernel, and discuss in detail several nominal and fault scenarios for a small satellite simulation with a simple bangbang controller.
Measuring quantum discord using the most distinguishable steered states
Creators: name: Nassajpour, Vahid
name: Akhtarshenas, Seyed Javad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Any two-qubit state can be represented, geometrically, as an ellipsoid with a certain size and a center located within the Bloch sphere of one of the qubits. Points of this ellipsoid represent the post-measurement states when the other qubit is measured. Based on the most demolition concept in the definition of quantum discord, we study the amount of demolition when the two post-measurement states, represented as two points on the steering ellipsoid, have the most distinguishability. We use trace distance as a measure of distinguishability and obtain the maximum distinguishability for some classes of states, analytically. Using the optimum measurement that gives the most distinguishable steered states, we extract quantum correlation of the state and compare the result with the quantum discord. It is shown that there are some important classes of states for which the most demolition happens exactly at the most distinguished steered points. Correlations gathered from the most distinguished post-measurement states provide a faithful and tight upper bound touching the quantum discord in most of the cases.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
D-dimensional Induced Gauge Theory as a Solvable Matrix Model
Creators: name: Kazakov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss basic features and new developments in recently proposed induced gauge theory solvable in any number of dimensions in the limit of infinite number of colours. Its geometrical (string) picture is clarified, using planar graph expansion of the corresponding matrix model. New analytical approach is proposed for this theory which is based on its equivalence to an effective two-matrix model. It is shown on some particular examples how the approach works. This approach may be applicable to a wide class of matrix models with tree-like quadratic couplings of matrices. (This talk was presented on the International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory "LATTICE-92" in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 15-19 September 1992)
description: 10 pages, preprint CERN-TH-6754/92
Spectroscopic investigation of hydrogen and triple-oxygen isotopes in atmospheric water vapor and precipitation during Indian monsoon season
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sayoni
name: Pal, Mithun
name: Panda, Biswajit
name: Pradhan, Manik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Water vapor, the most important greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, has four natural stable isotopologues (H216O, H217O, H218O and HD16O), and their isotopic compositions can be used as hydrological tracers. But the underlying processes and pattern-dynamics of the isotopic compositions of atmospheric water vapor and precipitation in response to various meteorological conditions during monsoon season in a tropical hot and humid region is poorly understood. Here, we present results of H and triple-O-isotopes of water in precipitation and atmospheric water vapor during monsoon season exploiting high-resolution integrated cavity output spectroscopy technique. We observed a distinct temporal variation of the isotopic compositions of water at different phases of the monsoon. The diurnal patterns of the isotopic variations were influenced by the local meteorological factors such as temperature, relative humidity and amount of precipitation. We also investigated the monsoonal dynamics of the second-order isotopic parameters, so-called d-excess and 17O-excess along with the influence of local meteorological factors on isotopic variations to improve our understanding of the underlying isotopic fractionation processes. Consequently, our results provide a unique isotopic-fingerprint dataset of rainwater and atmospheric water vapor for a tropical region and thus shed a new light on hydrological and meteorological processes in the atmosphere.
High-frequency X-ray variability as a mass estimator of stellar and supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Gierlinski, Marek
name: Nikolajuk, Marek
name: Czerny, Bozena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is increasing evidence that supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei (AGN) are scaled-up versions of Galactic black holes. We show that the amplitude of high-frequency X-ray variability in the hard spectral state is inversely proportional to the black hole mass over eight orders of magnitude. We have analyzed all available hard-state data from RXTE of seven Galactic black holes. Their power density spectra change dramatically from observation to observation, except for the high-frequency (>10 Hz) tail, which seems to have a universal shape, roughly represented by a power law of index -2. The amplitude of the tail, C_M (extrapolated to 1 Hz), remains approximately constant for a given source, regardless of the luminosity, unlike the break or QPO frequencies, which are usually strongly correlated with luminosity. Comparison with a moderate-luminosity sample of AGN shows that the amplitude of the tail is a simple function of black hole mass, C_M = C/M, where C = 1.25 M_Sol / Hz. This makes C_M a robust estimator of the black hole mass which is easy to apply to low- to moderate-luminosity supermassive black holes. The high-frequency tail with its universal shape is an invariant feature of a black hole and, possibly, an imprint of the last stable orbit.
description: MNRAS, 9 pages, 7 figures
Characterization Of A Class Of Graphs Related To Pairs Of Disjoint Matchings
Creators: name: Tserunyan, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For a given graph consider a pair of disjoint matchings the union of which contains as many edges as possible. Furthermore, consider the relation of the cardinalities of a maximum matching and the largest matching in those pairs. It is known that this relation does not exceed 5/4 for any graph. We characterize the class of graphs for which this relation is precisely 5/4. Our characterization implies that these graphs contain a spanning subgraph, every component of which is the minimal graph of this class.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures
$U(1)$--Extended Gauge Algebras in $p$-Loop Space
Creators: name: Bergshoeff, E.
name: Percacci, R.
name: Sezgin, E.
name: Stelle, K. S.
name: Townsend, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider, for $p$ odd, a $p$--brane coupled to a $(p+1)$th rank background antisymmetric tensor field and to background Yang-Mills (YM) fields {\it via} a Wess-Zumino term. We obtain the generators of antisymmetric tensor and Yang-Mills gauge transformations acting on $p$--brane wavefunctionals (functions on `$p$-loop space'). The Yang-Mills generators do not form a closed algebra by themselves; instead, the algebra of Yang-Mills and antisymmetric tensor generators is a $U(1)$ extension of the usual algebra of Yang-Mills gauge transformations. We construct the $p$-brane's Hamiltonian and thereby find gauge-covariant functional derivatives acting on $p$--brane wavefunctionals that commute with the YM and $U(1)$ generators.
description: 13 pages, UG-5/92; CTP-TAMU-63/92; DAMTP/R-92/32; Imperial/TP/91-92/30; SISSA 157/92/EP
Przemyslaw SIEKIERKA, Krystyna STEBNICKA, Aleksander WOLICKI, Women and the Polis. Public Honorific Inscriptions for Women in the Greek Cities from the Late Classical to the Roman Period
Creators: name: Horster, Marietta
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Przemyslaw Siekierka, Krystyna Stebnicka, Aleksander Wolicki, Women and the Polis. Public Honorific Inscriptions for Women in the Greek Cities from the Late Classical to the Roman Period. Berlin / Boston: De Gruyter 2021, XX + 1239 S., EUR 194,95. ISBN: 978-3-11-064061-8
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 26 (2023): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
The Prevalence and Properties of Dusty Galaxies Through Cosmic Time
Creators: name: Martis, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: galaxies, dust, ISM

description: From a combination of UltraVISTA and 3D-HST data we measure the fractions of quiescent, unobscured star-forming, and dusty star-forming galaxies as a function of stellar mass since z = 3. Motivated by this study, we investigate the stellar and dust properties of a mass complete sample of massive and dusty galaxies at 1 ≤ z ≤ 4 by modeling their UV-IR spectral energy distributions (SEDs) obtained from UltraVISTA DR3 photometry and Herschel PACS-SPIRE data using MAGPHYS. We evaluate the ability of the rest-frame UVJ color-color diagram to determine the star formation and dust obscuration properties for our sample. We construct median SEDs as functions of redshift and star-formation level. Simultaneous modeling of the panchromatic SED allows us to quantify the contribution to the IR emission from dust heated by star formation rather than evolved stellar populations, which we find to be crucial to characterize these galaxies correctly. We finally compare the z > 1 sample to local galaxies.
Shoot: root ratio of seedlings is associated with species niche on soil moisture gradient
Creators: name: Mašková, Tereza
name: Maternová, J.
name: Těšitel, J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biomass allocation; evolutionary adaptation; moisture gradient; regeneration niche; seed nutrient composition; shoot:root ratio
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Surviving the seedling phase is crucial for the establishment of plant individuals and populations. In ecosystems with dynamic water availability such as temperate grasslands, seedlings should adjust their growth strategy not only to match the current conditions but also to secure resource acquisition in the future. Here, we explored evolutionary adaptations determining plant early growth strategies in herbaceous species of temperate grasslands differing in their requirements for soil water availability.
We chose 15 plant genera, within which we selected species differing in their Ellenberg indicator values for moisture. We cultivated the seedlings under standard conditions with sufficient water supply for 4 weeks. Subsequently, we measured length-based and mass-based shoot:root ratio to investigate seedling growth strategy and its association with species ecological niche. Seed size and content of soil-borne nutrients were considered as potential covariates affecting this association.
Linear mixed-effect models identified the length-based shoot:root ratio of seedlings was positively associated with soil moisture requirements in a congeneric species comparison. Nitrogen and phosphorus seed concentrations had an additional negative effect on the shoot:root ratio. Neither of these trends was found for the mass-based shoot:root ratio.
We demonstrated for the first time that there might be a general adaptation modifying the seedling shoot:root ratio according to the species niche position on the soil moisture gradient in temperate grassland species across a broad range of angiosperm phylogeny. This adaptation seems to be affected by seed mineral nutrient reserves and may operate in parallel to the well-known phenotypic plasticity.
Implication of the overlap representation for modelling generalized parton distributions
Creators: name: Hwang, D. S.
name: Mueller, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a field theoretically inspired model of light-cone wave functions, we derive valence-like generalized parton distributions and their double distributions from the wave function overlap in the parton number conserved s-channel. The parton number changing contributions in the t-channel are restored from duality. In our construction constraints of positivity and polynomiality are simultaneously satisfied and it also implies a model dependent relation between generalized parton distributions and transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions. The model predicts that the t-behavior of resulting hadronic amplitudes depends on the Bjorken variable x_Bj. We also propose an improved ansatz for double distributions that embeds this property.
description: 15 pages, 8 eps figures
Decoding the ultrafast formation of a Fermi-Dirac distributed electron gas
Creators: name: Rohde, Gerald
name: Stange, Ankatrin
name: Müller, Arne
name: Behrendt, Marcel
name: Oloff, Lars-Philip
name: Hanff, Kerstin
name: Albert, Thies
name: Hein, Petra
name: Rossnagel, Kai
name: Bauer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with 13 fs temporal resolution is used to follow the different stages in the formation of a Fermi-Dirac distributed electron gas in graphite after absorption of an intense 7 fs laser pulse. Within the first 50 fs after excitation a sequence of time frames is resolved which are characterized by different energy and momentum exchange processes among the involved photonic, electronic, and phononic degrees of freedom. The results reveal experimentally the complexity of the transition from a nascent non-thermal towards a thermal electron distribution due to the different timescales associated with the involved interaction processes.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures; details on the time resolution, further information to Fig. 3, a goodness-of-fit analysis, and a few improvements added
Initialization and Restart in Stochastic Local Search: Computing a Most Probable Explanation in Bayesian Networks
Creators: name: Mengshoel, Ole J
name: Wilkins, David C
name: Roth, Dan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For hard computational problems, stochastic local search has proven to be a competitive approach to finding optimal or approximately optimal problem solutions. Two key research questions for stochastic local search algorithms are: Which algorithms are effective for initialization? When should the search process be restarted? In the present work, we investigate these research questions in the context of approximate computation of most probable explanations (MPEs) in Bayesian networks (BNs). We introduce a novel approach, based on the Viterbi algorithm, to explanation initialization in BNs. While the Viterbi algorithm works on sequences and trees, our approach works on BNs with arbitrary topologies. We also give a novel formalization of stochastic local search, with focus on initialization and restart, using probability theory and mixture models. Experimentally, we apply our mehods to the problem of MPE computation, using a stochastic local search algorithm known as Stochastic Greedy Search. By carefully optimizing both initialization and restart, we reduce the MPE search time for application BNs by several orders of magnitude compared to using uniform at random initialization without restart. On several BNs from aplications, the performance of Stochastic Greedy Search is competitive with clique tree clustering, a state-of-the-art exact algorithm used for MPE computation in BNs.
Visualizing Large-scale and High-dimensional Data
Creators: name: Tang, Jian
name: Liu, Jingzhou
name: Zhang, Ming
name: Mei, Qiaozhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of visualizing large-scale and high-dimensional data in a low-dimensional (typically 2D or 3D) space. Much success has been reported recently by techniques that first compute a similarity structure of the data points and then project them into a low-dimensional space with the structure preserved. These two steps suffer from considerable computational costs, preventing the state-of-the-art methods such as the t-SNE from scaling to large-scale and high-dimensional data (e.g., millions of data points and hundreds of dimensions). We propose the LargeVis, a technique that first constructs an accurately approximated K-nearest neighbor graph from the data and then layouts the graph in the low-dimensional space. Comparing to t-SNE, LargeVis significantly reduces the computational cost of the graph construction step and employs a principled probabilistic model for the visualization step, the objective of which can be effectively optimized through asynchronous stochastic gradient descent with a linear time complexity. The whole procedure thus easily scales to millions of high-dimensional data points. Experimental results on real-world data sets demonstrate that the LargeVis outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in both efficiency and effectiveness. The hyper-parameters of LargeVis are also much more stable over different data sets.
description: WWW 2016
لزوم آموزش استفاده از هوش‌مصنوعی به دانشجویان رشته‌ی طراحی گرافیک، فرصت‌ها و چالش‌ها
Creators: name: RamezanMahi, Somayeh
name: Nasiri, Mehdi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330316
subject: Visual communication design (incl. graphic design)

description: هوش‌مصنوعی به‌عنوان یکی از پیشرفته‌ترین و کاربردی‌ترین فناوری‌های نوین، در دهه‌ی اخیر تحولات شگرفی در حوزه‌های مختلف ایجاد کرده است. ازآنجایی‌که طراحی گرافیک نیز با خلاقیت و تولید آثار هنری پیوند دارد، هوش‌مصنوعی می‌تواند ابزارها و توانمندی‌های بسیار مؤثری را در اختیار دانشجویان این رشته قرار دهد. این پژوهش بر آن است تا به لزوم آموزش استفاده از هوش‌مصنوعی به دانشجویان رشته‌ی طراحی گرافیک در ایران پرداخته و از این منظر به تهیه و تبیین سرفصل آموزشی درس «طراحی گرافیک بر بنیان هوش‌مصنوعی» در دانشگاه‌های کشور بپردازد. جستار حاضر از منظر هدف کاربردی بوده و با استفاده از روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی به شرح و گسترش مطالب مورد نظر خود می‌پردازد. تحصیل مطالب موردنیاز پژوهش پیش‌رو با استفاده از مطالعات اسنادی و الکترونیکی حاصل‌شده است. جستار پیش‌رو به این سؤال پاسخ می‌دهد که، تبیین و تدوین دروس جدید حوزه‌ی آموزش‌عالی بر بنیان هوش مصنوعی چگونه موجب ارتقا سطح کمی و کیفی دانشجویان رشته‌ی طراحی گرافیک در دانشگاه‌های داخل کشور می‌شود؟ نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نشان‌می‌دهد، تدوین دروس دانشگاهی با استفاده از امکانات هوش‌مصنوعی باعث می‌شود دانشجویان رشته‌ی طراحی گرافیک همگام با دانش روز پیش‌رفته و از این منظر بتوانند با استفاده از ابزارها و امکانات هوش‌مصنوعی آثاری بدیع و درخور توجه، در کوتاه‌ترین زمان و بالاترین کیفیت خلق نمایند. بر اساس پژوهش صورت‌گرفته می‌توان اذعان داشت، با توجه به‌سرعت بالای رشد تکنولوژی، دیگر طراحی گرافیک به‌شیوه‌ی مرسوم و سنتی آن از این لحظه به‌بعد جای خود را به‌حوزه‌ی طراحی گرافیک بر بنیان هوش‌مصنوعی داده است.
Are thermal fluctuations the sole reason for finite longitudinal resistance in quantum anomalous Hall experiments?
Creators: name: Mani, Arjun
name: Benjamin, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In some recent experiments [A. J. Bestwick, et. al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 187201 (2015), Cui-Zu Chang, et. al., Nat. Materials. 14, 473-477 (2015)] it has been shown that in observations of the quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect the longitudinal resistance $R_L$ increases as temperature $T$ increases, while Hall resistance $R_H$ loses its quantization with increase in $T$. This behavior was explained due to increased thermal fluctuations as $T$ increases. We show that similar effects arise in QAH samples with quasi-helical edge modes as disorder increases in presence of inelastic scattering or otherwise even at temperature $T=0$.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication as a Letter in J. Physics Condensed Matter
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Saint-Jean de Losne et Losne (XVIIIe siècle), Cart. 198-01 (11 H 1055), 185 folios, f. 0045
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2019
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Saint-Jean de Losne et Losne (XVIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 198-01 (11 H 1055), 185 folios, f. 0045, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Saint-Jean de Losne et Losne (XVIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 198-01 (11 H 1055), 185 folios, f. 0045, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Colour Screening, Quark Propagation in Nuclear Matter and the Broadening of the Momentum Distribution of Drell-Yan Pairs
Creators: name: Dolejsi, J.
name: Huefner, J.
name: Kopeliovich, B. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the broadening of the transverse momentum distribution of a quark propagating through nuclear matter. Colour screening plays a fundamental role in that it cuts off quark-nucleon interactions with soft gluons. The mean transverse momentum of the quark acquired along its trajectory, observed via Drell-Yan pairs, is related to it the ratio of the total inelastic meson-nucleon cross section it to the meson mean squared radius. Parameter-free calculations agree with the data.
description: LaTex file, 7 pages + 2 figs (not included, available by fax) Heidelberg , HD-TVP-93-5
Gravitation in terms of observables
Creators: name: Gambini, Rodolfo
name: Pullin, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the 1960's, Mandelstam proposed a new approach to gauge theories and gravity based on loops. The program for gauge theories was completed for Yang--Mills theories by Gambini and Trias in the 1980's. Gauge theories could be understood as representations of certain group: the group of loops. The same formalism could not be implemented at that time for the gravitational case. Here we would like to propose an extension to the case of gravity. The resulting theory is described in terms of loops and open paths and can provide the underpinning for a new quantum representation for gravity distinct from the one used in loop quantum gravity or string theory. In it, space-time points are emergent entities that would only have quasi-classical status. The formulation may be given entirely in terms of Dirac observables that form a complete set of gauge invariant functions that completely define the Riemannian geometry of the spacetime. At the quantum level this formulation will lead to a reduced phase space quantization free of any constraints.
description: 39 pages, 15 figures, RevTex, version published in CQG
Aging-Aware Training for Printed Neuromorphic Circuits
Creators: name: Zhao, Haibin
name: Hefenbrock, Michael
name: Beigl, Michael
name: Tahoori, Mehdi B.
Publisher: name: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Year: 2022
Subjects: printed electronics
neuromorphic computing
aging model
aging-aware training

description: Printed electronics allow for ultra-low-cost circuit fabrication with unique properties such as flexibility, non-toxicity, and stretchability. Because of these advanced properties, there is a growing interest in adapting printed electronics for emerging areas such as fast-moving consumer goods and wearable technologies. In such domains, analog signal processing in or near the sensor is favorable. Printed neuromorphic circuits have been recently proposed as a solution to perform such analog processing natively. Additionally, their learning-based design process allows high efficiency of their optimization and enables them to mitigate the high process variations associated with low-cost printed processes. In this work, we propose a learning-based approach to address another major challenge of printed electronics, namely the aging of the printed components. This effect can significantly degrade the accuracy of printed neuromorphic circuits over time. For this, we develop a stochastic aging-model to describe the behavior of aged printed resistors and modify the training objective by considering the expected loss over the lifetime of the device. This approach ensures to provide acceptable accuracy over the device lifetime. Our experiments show that an overall 35.8\% improvement in terms of expected accuracy over the device lifetime can be achieved using the proposed learning approach.
One-loop helicity amplitudes for all 2 -> 2 processes in QCD and N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Kunszt, Zoltan
name: Signer, Adrian
name: Trócsányi, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One loop corrections to the helicity amplitudes of all 2 -> 2 subprocesses are calculated in QCD and in N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory using two versions of dimensional regularization: the `t~Hooft-Veltman scheme and dimensional reduction. Studying the structure of the soft and collinear singularities, we found universal transition rules for the squared matrix element which can be used to translate the results obtained in these schemes to the results valid in the conventional dimensional regularization scheme. With explicit calculation it is demonstrated that the one loop helicity amplitudes of the 2 -> 2 subprocesses calculated using dimensional reduction in the N=1 supersymmetric $SU(N)$ gauge theory respect the supersymmetry Ward identities. Our transition rules can also be used to calculate the next-to-leading order Altarelli-Parisi kernels in the dimensional reduction scheme when they satisfy supersymmetry Ward identities as well.
description: 40 pages + 1 table, uses LaTeX and table.tex, ETH-TH/93-11
Imirok: Real-Time Imitative Robotic Arm Control for Home Robot Applications
Creators: name: Heng-Tze  Cheng
name: Sun, Zheng
name: Zhang, Pei
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Training home robots to behave like human can help people with their daily chores and repetitive tasks. In this paper, we present Imirok, a system to remotely control robotic arms by user motion using low-cost, off-the-shelf mobile devices and webcam. The motion tracking algorithm detects user motion in real-time, without classifier training or predefined action set. Experimental results show that the system achieves 90% precision and recall rate on motion detection with blank background, and is robust under the change of cluttered background and user-to-camera distance.