cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Epistemic Complexity and the Journeyman-Expert Transition
Creators: name: Bing, Thomas J.
name: Redish, Edward F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physics students can encounter difficulties in physics problem solving as a result of failing to use knowledge that they have but do not perceive as relevant or appropriate. In previous work the authors have demonstrated that some of these difficulties may be epistemological. Students may limit the kinds of knowledge that they use. For example, they may use formal manipulations and ignore physical sense making or vice versa. Both beginning (novice) and intermediate (journeymen) students demonstrate these difficulties. Learning both to switch one's epistemological lens on a problem and to integrate different kinds of knowledge is a critical component of learning to solve problems in physics effectively. In this paper, we present two case studies in which journeyman students (upper-division physics majors) demonstrate switching between epistemological resources in approaching a complex problem. We conjecture that mastering these epistemological skills is an essential component of learning complex problem solving in physics.
description: 12 pages
Cascade infrared thermal photon emission
Creators: name: Hansen, Klavs
name: Licht, Ori
name: Kurbanov, Adeliya
name: Toker, Yoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time development of the excitation energy of molecules and clusters cooling by emission of thermal vibrational infrared radiation has been studied. The energy distributions and the photon emission rates develop into near-universal functions that can be characterized with only a few parameters, irrespective of the precise vibrational spectra and oscillator strengths of the systems. The photon emission constant and emitted power averaged over all thermally populated states vary linearly with total excitation energy with a small offset. The time developments of ensemble internal energy distributions are calculated with respect to their first two moments. For the derived linear dependence of the emission rate constant, these results are exact.
Disc amplitudes, picture changing and space-time actions
Creators: name: Becker, Katrin
name: Guo, Guangyu
name: Robbins, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in detail the procedure for obtaining couplings of D-branes to closed string fields by evaluating string theory disc amplitudes. We perform a careful construction of the relevant vertex operators and discuss the effects of inserting the boundary state which encodes the presence of the D-brane. We confront the issue of non-decoupling of BRST-exact states and prove that the problem is evaded for the computations we need, thus demonstrating that our amplitudes are automatically gauge-invariant and independent of the distribution of picture charge. Finally, we compute explicitly the two-point amplitudes of two NS-NS fields or one NS-NS and one R-R field on the disc, and we carefully compare all the lowest order terms with predictions from supergravity.
description: 55 pages, 1 figure
Macroderes dubius Peringuey 1901
Creators: name: Abdalla, Ishtiag H.
name: Deschodt, Christian M.
name: Scholtz, Clarke H.
name: Sole, Catherine L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Macroderes
Macroderes dubius

description: Macroderes dubius Péringuey, 1901
Macroderes dubius Péringuey, 1901: 301; Janssens 1939: 29; Ferreira 1969: 320; Frolov & Scholtz 2005: 392.
Type locality. Cape Colony (no exact locality).
Type material examined. None. No indication of where the type was deposited in Péringuey’s original description.
Remarks. Unfortunately we could not locate the holotype of this species, but according to Péringuey’s (1901: 301) original description, body size is 11 mm in length and 7.5 mm in width and it resembles M. politulus in size, shape, head, and punctuation of the pronotum. Péringuey (1901) mentioned that this species differs from M. politulus by bearing a more convex and rounded pronotum without any observed excavation antero-laterally. In addition, the species has even elytral intervals covered by finer and shallower punctures than M. politulus, costate and punctate striae. He also observed an unusual elytral shape in the specimen he studied and attributed this to a malformation.
description: Published as part of Abdalla, Ishtiag H., Deschodt, Christian M., Scholtz, Clarke H. & Sole, Catherine L., 2018, An update to the taxonomy of the genus Macroderes Westwood 1842 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with descriptions of new species from South Africa, pp. 41-75 in Zootaxa 4504 (1) on page 72, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2606164
MPEC 2025-F221 : 2025 FZ13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2025 FZ13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Bipolar Transistor Based on Graphane
Creators: name: Gharekhanlou, B.
name: Tousaki, S. B.
name: Khorasani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphane is a semiconductor with an energy gap, obtained from hydrogenation of the two-dimensional grapheme sheet. Together with the two-dimensional geometry, unique transport features of graphene, and possibility of doping graphane, p and n regions can be defined so that p-n junctions become feasible with small reverse currents. Our recent analysis has shown that an ideal I-V characteristic for this type of junctions may be expected. Here, we predict the behavior of bipolar juncrion transistors based on graphane. Profiles of carriers and intrinsic parameters of the graphane transistor are calculated and discussed.
Interest Point Detection for Reconstruction in High Granularity Tracking Detectors
Creators: name: Morgan, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an investigation of the use of interest point detection algorithms from image processing applied to reconstruction of interactions in high granularity tracking detectors. Their purpose is to extract keypoints from the data as input to higher level reconstruction algorithms, replacing the role of human operators in event selection and reconstruction guidance. Simulations of nu_mu charged current events in a small liquid argon time projection chamber are used as a concrete example of a modern high granularity tracking detector. Data from the simulations are used to characterize the localization of interest points to physical features and the efficiency of finding interest points associated with the primary vertex and track ends is measured. A high degree of localization is found, with 93% of detected interest points found within 5mm of a physical feature. Working in two 2D projections, the primary vertex and both track ends are found in both projections in 85% of events. It is also shown that delta electrons can be detected.
Additional file 14 of Gene regulation network analyses of pistil development in papaya
Creators: name: Liao, Zhenyang
name: Dong, Fei
name: Liu, Juan
name: Xu, Lele
name: Marshall-Colon, Amy
name: Ming, Ray
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 14. RT-qPCR to verify the expression pattern of CpHEC2, CpSUPL, and CpAGL11 genes. The Y coordinate represents the normalized expression, and the X coordinate represents different developmental stages.
Establishing the Range of Applicability of Hydrodynamics in High-Energy Collisions
Creators: name: Ambrus, Victor E.
name: Schlichting, S.
name: Werthmann, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the space-time dynamics of high-energy collisions based on a microscopic kinetic description in the conformal relaxation time approximation, in order to determine the range of applicability of an effective description in relativistic viscous hydrodynamics. We find that hydrodynamics provides a quantitatively accurate description of collective flow when the average inverse Reynolds number is sufficiently small and the early pre-equilibrium stage is properly accounted for. We further discuss the implications of our findings for the (in)applicability of hydrodynamics in proton-proton, proton-nucleus and light nucleus collisions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures v2: Several minor changes to spelling, notation, affiliations, acknowledgements, references. Moved Supplemental Material to end of document. Equivalent to version published in PRL
Waltzing peakons and compacton pairs in a cross-coupled Camassa-Holm equation
Creators: name: Cotter, Colin
name: Holm, Darryl
name: Ivanov, Rossen
name: Percival, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider singular solutions of a system of two cross-coupled Camassa-Holm (CCCH) equations. This CCCH system admits peakon solutions, but it is not in the two-component CH integrable hierarchy. The system is a pair of coupled Hamiltonian partial differential equations for two types of solutions on the real line, each of which separately possesses exp(-|x|) peakon solutions with a discontinuity in the first derivative at the peak. However, there are no self-interactions, so each of the two types of peakon solutions moves only under the induced velocity of the other type. We analyse the `waltzing' solution behaviour of the cases with a single bound peakon pair (a peakon couple), as well as the over-taking collisions of peakon couples and the antisymmetric case of the head-on collision of a peakon couple and a peakon anti-couple. We then present numerical solutions of these collisions, which are inelastic because the waltzing peakon couples each possess an internal degree of freedom corresponding to their `tempo' -- that is, the period at which the two peakons of opposite type in the couple cycle around each other in phase space. Finally, we discuss compacton couple solutions of the cross-coupled Euler-Poincaré (CCEP) equations and illustrate the same types of collisions as for peakon couples, with triangular and parabolic compacton couples. We finish with a number of outstanding questions and challenges remaining for understanding couple dynamics of the CCCH and CCEP equations.
Additional file 3 of Postmarketing safety of orphan drugs: a longitudinal analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration database between 1999 and 2018
Creators: name: Fan, Min
name: Chan, Adrienne Y. L.
name: Yan, Vincent K. C.
name: Tong, Xinning
name: Lau, Lauren K. W.
name: Wan, Eric Y. F.
name: Tam, Eliza Y. T.
name: Ip, Patrick
name: Lum, Terry Y.
name: Wong, Ian C. K.
name: Li, X.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Orphan drugs with newly added boxed warning
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide identification and functional analysis of circRNAs in Trichophyton rubrum conidial and mycelial stages
Creators: name: Cao, Xingwei
name: Xu, Xingye
name: Dong, Jie
name: Xue, Ying
name: Sun, Lilian
name: Zhu, Yafang
name: Liu, Tao
name: Jin, Qi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1-S8. All supplementary figures.
Heating of ions by low-frequency Alfvén waves in partially ionized plasmas
Creators: name: Dong, Chuanfei
name: Paty, Carol S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the solar atmosphere, the chromospheric and coronal plasmas are much hotter than the visible photosphere. The heating of the solar atmosphere, including the partially ionized chromosphere and corona, remains largely unknown. In this paper we demonstrate that the ions can be substantially heated by Alfvén waves with very low frequencies in partially ionized low beta plasmas. This differs from other Alfvén wave related heating mechanisms such as ion-neutral collisional damping of Alfvén waves and heating described by previous work on resonant Alfvén wave heating. In this paper, we find that the non-resonant Alfvén wave heating is less efficient in partially ionized plasmas than when there are no ion-neutral collisions, and the heating efficiency depends on the ratio of the ion-neutral collision frequency to the ion gyrofrequency.
description: Published as Letters
Effects of Topological Boundary Conditions on Bell Nonlocality
Creators: name: Emonts, Patrick
name: Hu, Mengyao
name: Aloy, Albert
name: Tura, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bell nonlocality is the resource that enables device-independent quantum information processing tasks. It is revealed through the violation of so-called Bell inequalities, indicating that the observed correlations cannot be reproduced by any local hidden variable model. While well explored in few-body settings, the question of which Bell inequalities are best suited for a given task remains quite open in the many-body scenario. One natural approach is to assign Bell inequalities to physical Hamiltonians, mapping their interaction graph to two-body, nearest-neighbor terms. Here, we investigate the effect of boundary conditions in a two-dimensional square lattice, which can induce different topologies in lattice systems. We find a relation between the induced topology and the Bell inequality's effectiveness in revealing nonlocal correlations. By using a combination of tropical algebra and tensor networks, we quantify their detection capacity for nonlocality. Our work can act as a guide to certify Bell nonlocality in many-qubit devices by choosing a suitable Hamiltonian and measuring its ground state energy; a task that many quantum experiments are purposely built for.
description: 10 + 7 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Energetic driving force for preferential binding of self-interstitial atoms to Fe grain boundaries over vacancies
Creators: name: Tschopp, M. A.
name: Horstemeyer, M. F.
name: Gao, F.
name: Sun, X.
name: Khaleel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulations of 50 Fe grain boundaries were used to understand their interaction with vacancies and self-interstitial atoms at all atomic positions within 20 Angstroms of the boundary, which is important for designing radiation-resistant polycrystalline materials. Site-to-site variation within the boundary of both vacancy and self-interstitial formation energies is substantial, with the majority of sites having lower formation energies than in the bulk. Comparing the vacancy and self-interstitial atom binding energies for each site shows that there is an energetic driving force for interstitials to preferentially bind to grain boundary sites over vacancies. Furthermore, these results provide a valuable dataset for quantifying uncertainty bounds for various grain boundary types at the nanoscale, which can be propagated to higher scale simulations of microstructure evolution.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Pyridinium Chlorochromate Supported on Montmorillonite–KSF as a Versatile Oxidant under Ball Milling Conditions
Creators: name: Hosseinzadeh, Rahman
name: Narimani, Erfan
name: Mavvaji, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Pyridinium Chlorochromate Supported on Montmorillonite–KSF as a Versatile Oxidant under Ball Milling Conditions
Magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 Core–Shell Nanoparticles Functionalized with Sulfamic Acid Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) Dendrimer for the Multicomponent Synthesis of Polyhydroquinolines and Dihydro-1H-Indeno[1,2-b] Pyridines
Creators: name: Karbasaki, Soheila Sargazi
name: Bagherzade, Ghodsieh
name: Maleki, Behrooz
name: Ghani, Milad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Magnetic Fe3O4@SiO2 Core–Shell Nanoparticles Functionalized with Sulfamic Acid Polyamidoamine (PAMAM) Dendrimer for the Multicomponent Synthesis of Polyhydroquinolines and Dihydro-1H-Indeno[1,2-b] Pyridines
Lattice Heat Capacity of Mesoscopic Nanostructures
Creators: name: Gharekhanlou, B.
name: Khorasani, S.
name: Vafai, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a rigorous full quantum mechanical model for the lattice heat capacity of mesoscopic nanostructures in various dimensions. Model can be applied to arbitrary nanostructures with known vibrational spectrum in zero, one, two, or three dimensions. The limiting case of infinitely sized multi-dimensional materials are also found, which are in agreement with well-known results. As examples, we obtain the heat capacity of fullerenes.
"Listen with your three ears" : a pedagogy of the heart : Aboriginal stories as pedagogies of the heart
Creators: name: Lewis, Jill C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: In this era of Reconciliation in Canada, how can we ensure that our future generations continue to keep spaces open for Indigenous ways of knowing and worldviews, while disrupting and troubling the institutional norms that hide behind a guise of tolerance? How do we help write a new story for Canada based on shifting the way we relate to one another and how we educate our children, both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal? How can we help educators and others to learn to listen with their three ears so they may hear the truths and wisdom embedded in Indigenous cultural realities? I propose that through story making, story telling and story listening, children maintain their learning spirit, a necessity if they are to acknowledge and affirm and maintain their identities, their cultures and their ways of knowing and worldviews. Stories transform our understanding of each other and act as a means to form and build relationships. Through an educational lens and voice, I intentionally interrupt the discourses of deficit propagated by historical and contemporary institutions, in order to explore ways narrative can pry open and dislodge the 500-year old myths lade on the backs of Aboriginal peoples. I suggest that by opening spaces of mutuality, respect, reverence, reciprocity and responsibility through intergenerational story making, story telling and story listening narratives, our Aboriginal learners will find parity and success with their non-Aboriginal peers in educational settings. In order to delve into intergenerational understandings of story, I sat with and listened to members of four B.C First Nations families. Within relaxed and respectful discussions about how story figures in their lives, some salient themes occurred related to residential schooling, living with and away from one’s cultural communities, which revealed consequences linked to identity, language and educational connections and successes. All of the stories and teachings I was privileged to witness have transformed me in heart and mind and continue to bring me closer to understanding the sensitivity and protocols required to exemplify resepctful “story work”(Archibald, 2008, p. 3).
Ultra-thin Tunable Optomechanical Metalens
Creators: name: Afridi, Adeel
name: Gieseler, Jan
name: Meyer, Nadine
name: Quidant, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconfigurable metasurfaces offer great promises to enhance photonics technology by combining integration with improved functionalities. Recently, reconfigurability in otherwise static metasurfaces has been achieved by modifying the electric permittivity of the meta-atoms themselves or their immediate surrounding. Yet, it remains challenging to achieve significant and fast tunability without increasing bulkiness. Here, we demonstrate an ultra-thin tunable metalens whose focal distance can be changed through optomechanical control with moderate continuous wave intensities. We achieve fast focal length changes of more than 5% with response time of the order of 10$μ$s
Synthesis of Chromenes Using CuO/ZnO@N-GQDs@NH2 Nanocomposite as a High Performance Catalyst
Creators: name: Safaei-Ghomi, Javad
name: Hajjar, Seyed Shahabudin
name: Babaei, Pouria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plasma Physics

description: Synthesis of Chromenes Using CuO/ZnO@N-GQDs@NH2 Nanocomposite as a High Performance Catalyst
Additional file 2 of Acupuncture for diabetic peripheral neuropathy: study protocol for a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Deng, Haiping
name: Shu, Yu
name: Lv, Peiran
name: Zhao, Ling
name: Cheng, Ke
name: Zhang, Tingting
name: Song, Yi
name: Yang, Hua
name: Tang, Hong
name: Pei, Jian
name: Shen, Xueyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Informed consent.
Stochastic thermodynamics of single enzymes and molecular motors
Creators: name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: For a single enzyme or molecular motor operating in an aqueous solution of non-equilibrated solute concentrations, a thermodynamic description is developed on the level of an individual trajectory of transitions between states. The concept of internal energy, intrinsic entropy and free energy for states follows from a microscopic description using one assumption on time-scale separation. A first law energy balance then allows the unique identification of the heat dissipated in one transition. Consistency with the second law on the ensemble level enforces both stochastic entropy as third contribution to the entropy change involved in one transition and the local detailed balance condition for the ratio between forward and backward rates for any transition. These results follow without assuming weak coupling between the enzyme and the solutes, ideal solution behavior or mass action law kinetics. The present approach highlights both the crucial role of the intrinsic entropy of each state and the physically questionable role of chemiostats for deriving the first law for molecular motors subject to an external force under realistic conditions.
description: 11 pages
When Spectral Modeling Meets Convolutional Networks: A Method for Discovering Reionization-era Lensed Quasars in Multi-band Imaging Data
Creators: name: Andika, Irham Taufik
name: Jahnke, Knud
name: van der Wel, Arjen
name: Bañados, Eduardo
name: Bosman, Sarah E. I.
name: Davies, Frederick B.
name: Eilers, Anna-Christina
name: Jaelani, Anton Timur
name: Mazzucchelli, Chiara
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Schindler, Jan-Torge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last two decades, around 300 quasars have been discovered at $z\gtrsim6$, yet only one has identified as being strongly gravitationally lensed. We explore a new approach -- enlarging the permitted spectral parameter space, while introducing a new spatial geometry veto criterion -- which is implemented via image-based deep learning. We first apply this approach to a systematic search for reionization-era lensed quasars, using data from the Dark Energy Survey, the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy Hemisphere Survey, and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer.Our search method consists of two main parts: (i) the preselection of the candidates based on their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) using catalog-level photometry and (ii) relative probabilities calculation of the candidates being a lens or some contaminant, utilizing a convolutional neural network (CNN) classification. The training data sets are constructed by painting deflected point-source lights over actual galaxy images, to generate realistic galaxy-quasar lens models, optimized to find systems with small image separations, i.e., Einstein radii of $θ_\mathrm{E} \leq 1$ arcsec. Visual inspection is then performed for sources with CNN scores of $P_\mathrm{lens} > 0.1$, which leads us to obtain 36 newly selected lens candidates, which are awaiting spectroscopic confirmation. These findings show that automated SED modeling and deep learning pipelines, supported by modest human input, are a promising route for detecting strong lenses from large catalogs that can overcome the veto limitations of primarily dropout-based SED selection approaches.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures, and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. We welcome comments from the reader
Reliability-based hydro reservoir operation modeling
Creators: name: Zhou, Jiyi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: A wide variety of factors make reservoir operation a complex and dynamic problem, including multiple operational objectives, hydrological uncertainties and dam safety considerations. Concerns have grown in recent years regarding reliability of existing hydropower storage and discharge facilities, as many of these facilities are aging and their failure could significantly impact reservoir operations and pose threats to dam safety. A number of reliability methods were investigated in this study and a formal reliability analysis process has been adopted to assess the reliability of water release facilities using censored failure data. The nonparametric product-limit estimation method was used to analyze the time-dependent reliability of different types of spillway gates and hydropower turbines, and parametric model fitting techniques were subsequently applied to fit reliability functions. Failure and repair events were simulated using Monte Carlo simulation, which provided random variables to capture the uncertainty of availability for hydro facilities. The reliability analysis process was integrated into a simulation-optimization operations planning model to develop a reliability-based modeling framework that quantitatively treats risk and uncertainties in hydro operations. A specific reservoir system in British Columbia was selected as to illustrate the model application. Results and analyses provided guidelines for evaluating and comparing alternative reservoir operating plans that incorporate reliability assessment and failure simulation. It is demonstrated that dam overtopping is more likely to occur due to a simultaneous occurrence of high inflow events and spillway gate failures than being caused by an extreme inflow event. The presented work highlights the needs to systematically collect and archive reliability data and to conduct reliability analysis for hydropower water release facilities whenever new information and data become available.
Regioselective, Efficient and Sustainable Bromination Process for the Synthesis of the Antimicrobial Agent Bromiphen Bromide
Creators: name: Artasensi, Angelica
name: Pedretti, Alessandro
name: Vistoli, Giulio
name: Fumagalli, Laura
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Regioselective, Efficient and Sustainable Bromination Process for the Synthesis of the Antimicrobial Agent Bromiphen Bromide
A Robust Mechanism for Defending Distributed Denial OF Service Attacks on Web Servers
Creators: name: Sen, Jaydip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks have emerged as a popular means of causing mass targeted service disruptions, often for extended periods of time. The relative ease and low costs of launching such attacks, supplemented by the current inadequate sate of any viable defense mechanism, have made them one of the top threats to the Internet community today. Since the increasing popularity of web-based applications has led to several critical services being provided over the Internet, it is imperative to monitor the network traffic so as to prevent malicious attackers from depleting the resources of the network and denying services to legitimate users. This paper first presents a brief discussion on some of the important types of DDoS attacks that currently exist and some existing mechanisms to combat these attacks. It then points out the major drawbacks of the currently existing defense mechanisms and proposes a new mechanism for protecting a web-server against a DDoS attack. In the proposed mechanism, incoming traffic to the server is continuously monitored and any abnormal rise in the inbound traffic is immediately detected. The detection algorithm is based on a statistical analysis of the inbound traffic on the server and a robust hypothesis testing framework. Simulations carried out on the proposed mechanism have produced results that demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed defense mechanism against DDoS attacks.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Additional file 2 of Postmarketing safety of orphan drugs: a longitudinal analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration database between 1999 and 2018
Creators: name: Fan, Min
name: Chan, Adrienne Y. L.
name: Yan, Vincent K. C.
name: Tong, Xinning
name: Lau, Lauren K. W.
name: Wan, Eric Y. F.
name: Tam, Eliza Y. T.
name: Ip, Patrick
name: Lum, Terry Y.
name: Wong, Ian C. K.
name: Li, X.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Extracted data list and data source
A unified cluster expansion method applied to the configurational thermodynamics of cubic TiAlN
Creators: name: Alling, B.
name: Ruban, A. V.
name: Karimi, A.
name: Hultman, L.
name: Abrikosov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermodynamics of cubic Ti1-xAlxN using a unified cluster expansion approach for the alloy problem. The purely configurational part of the alloy Hamiltonian is expanded in terms of concentration and volume dependent effective cluster interactions. By separate expansions of the chemical fixed-lattice, and local lattice relaxation terms of the ordering energies, we demonstrate how the screened generalized perturbation method can be fruitfully combined with a concentration dependent Connolly-Williams cluster expansion method. Utilising the obtained Hamiltonian in Monte Carlo simulations we access the free energy of Ti1-xAlxN alloys and construct the isostructural phase diagram. The results show surprising similarities with the previously obtained mean-field results: The metastable c-TiAlN is subject to coherent spinodal decomposition over a larger part of the concentration range, e.g. from x >= 0.33 at 2000 K.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Topological insulators in the quaternary chalcogenide compounds and ternary famatinite compounds
Creators: name: Wang, Y. J.
name: Lin, H.
name: Das, Tanmoy
name: Hasan, M. Z.
name: Bansil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first-principles calculations to predict several three dimensional (3D) topological insulators in quaternary chalcogenide compounds which are made of I$_2$-II-IV-VI$_4$ compositions and in ternary compositions of I$_3$-V-VI$_4$ famatinite compounds. Among the large members of these two families, we give examples of naturally occurring compounds which are mainly Cu-based chalcogenides. We show that these materials are candidates of 3D topological insulators or can be tuned to obtain topological phase transition by manipulating the atomic number of the other cation and anion elements. A band inversion can occur at a single point $Γ$ with considerably large inversion strength, in addition to the opening of a bulk band gap throughout the Brillouin zone. We also demonstrate that both of these families are related to each other by cross-substitutions of cations in the underlying tetragonal structure and that one can suitably tune their topological properties in a desired manner.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Doubly heavy tetraquark multiplets as heavy antiquark-diquark symmetry partners of heavy baryons
Creators: name: Wu, Tian-Wei
name: Ma, Yong-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetries play important roles in the understanding of hadron structures and spectroscopy. Motivated by the discovery of the doubly charmed tetraquark $T_{cc}^+(3875)$, we study the ground states of the doubly heavy tetraquarks with the QCD inspired heavy antiquark-diquark symmetry in the constituent quark model. Six ground states of $T_{QQ} (Q=c,b)$ are predicted and the lightest $T_{cc}$ state has a mass of $3875.8\pm 7.6$ MeV and spin-parity $1^+$ which are consistent with those of the observed $T_{cc}^+(3875)$. In addition, the magnetic moments of the predicted tetraquarks $T_{cc}^+(3876)$ and $T_{bb}^-(10396)$ are also estimated in the same model, which provide further informations to distinguish the structures of the $T_{QQ}$ states. Our results show that the heavy antiquark-diquark symmetry conserves well in these doubly heavy tetraquarks in both the spectrum and magnetic moment perspectives.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Unravelling quantum chaos using persistent homology
Creators: name: Cao, Harvey
name: Leykam, Daniel
name: Angelakis, Dimitris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological data analysis is a powerful framework for extracting useful topological information from complex datasets. Recent work has shown its application for the dynamical analysis of classical dissipative systems through a topology-preserving embedding method that allows reconstructing dynamical attractors, the topologies of which can be used to identify chaotic behaviour. Open quantum systems can similarly exhibit non-trivial dynamics, but the existing toolkit for classification and quantification are still limited, particularly for experimental applications. In this work, we present a topological pipeline for characterizing quantum dynamics, which draws inspiration from the classical approach by using single quantum trajectory unravelings of the master equation to construct analogue 'quantum attractors' and extracting their topology using persistent homology. We apply the method to a periodically modulated Kerr-nonlinear cavity to discriminate parameter regimes of regular and chaotic phase using limited measurements of the system.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
One-loop formulas for $H\rightarrow Z ν_l\barν_l$ for $l = e,μ, τ$ in 't Hooft-Veltman gauge
Creators: name: Tran, Dzung Tri
name: Phan, Khiem Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present analytical results for one-loop contributing to the decay processes $H\rightarrow Z ν_l\barν_l$ (for $l = e, μ, τ$). The calculations are performed within the Standard Model framework in 't Hooft-Veltman gauge. One-loop form factors are then written in terms of scalar one-loop functions in the standard notations of {\tt LoopTools}. As a result, one-loop decay rates for the decay channels can be evaluated numerically by using the package. Furthermore, we analyse the signals of $H\rightarrow Z ν_l\barν_l$ via the production processes $e^-e^+ \rightarrow ZH^* \rightarrow Z (H^* \rightarrow Z ν_l\barν_l)$ including the initial beam polarizations at future lepton collider. The Standard Model background such as the processes $e^-e^+ \rightarrow ν_l\barν_l ZZ$ are also examined in this study. In numerical results, we find that one-loop corrections are about $10\%$ contributions to the decay rates. They are sizeable contributions and should be taken into account at future colliders. We show that the signals $H\rightarrow Zν_l\barν_l$ are clearly visible at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=250$ GeV and it is hard to probe at higher-energy regions due to the dominant of the background.
description: 28 pages, references are added
Index and winding numbers on $T^2/\mathbb{Z}_N$ orbifolds with magnetic flux
Creators: name: Imai, Hiroki
name: Sakamoto, Makoto
name: Takeuchi, Maki
name: Tatsuta, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the number of independent chiral zero modes and the winding numbers at the fixed points on $T^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_N$ ($N=2,3,4,6$) orbifolds with magnetic flux. In the case of $N=2$, we derive the index formula $n_{+}-n_{-}=M/2+(-V_{+}+V_{-})/4=M/2-V_{+}/2+1$ by using the trace formula, where $n_{\pm}$ are the numbers of the $\pm$ chiral zero modes and $V_{\pm}$ are the sums of the winding numbers at the fixed points on $T^2/{\mathbb{Z}}_2$. We also obtain the formula $n_{+}-n_{-}=M/N+(-V_{+}+V_{-})/(2N)=M/N-V_{+}/N+1$ for $N=3,4,6$ under an assumption.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures
On root categories of finite-dimenisonal algebras
Creators: name: Fu, Changjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18E30, 16D90, 17B67

description: For any finite-dimensional algebra $A$ over a field $k$ with finite global dimension, we investigate the root category $\cR_A$ as the triangulated hull of the 2-periodic orbit category of $A$ via the construction of B. Keller in "On triangulated orbit categories". This is motivated by Ringel-Hall Lie algebras associated to 2-periodic triangulated categories. As an application, we study the Ringel-Hall Lie algebras for a class of finite-dimensional $k$-algebras with global dimension 2, which turn out to give an alternative answer for a question of GIM Lie algebras by Slodowy in "Beyond Kac-Moody algebra, and inside".
description: 25 pages
Cusps of the Kähler moduli space and stability conditions on K3 surfaces
Creators: name: Hartmann, Heinrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In [Ma1] S. Ma established a bijection between Fourier--Mukai partners of a K3 surface and cusps of the Kähler moduli space. The Kähler moduli space can be described as a quotient of Bridgeland's stability manifold. We study the relation between stability conditions $σ$ near to a cusp and the associated Fourier--Mukai partner Y in the following ways. (1) We compare the heart of $σ$ to the heart of coherent sheaves on Y. (2) We construct Y as moduli space of $σ$-stable objects. An appendix is devoted to the group of auto-equivalences of the derived category which respect the component $Stab^\dagger(X)$ of the stability manifold.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure
DEP Bulletin:Volume 39 issue 13
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2015

description: The DEP bulletin is a semi-monthly publication of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. It contains a list of construction permit applications recently filed or acted upon by the Department along with a calendar of events of interest, a schedule of public hearings, and Environmental Impact Statements acted upon during the period.
On a class of three dimensional quadratic Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Tudoran, Răzvan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The purpose of this article is to compute the normal form of a class of general quadratic Hamiltonian systems that generalizes naturally Euler's equations from the free rigid body dynamics.
description: 6 pages
Effective one body Hamiltonian in scalar-tensor gravity at third post-Newtonian order
Creators: name: Jain, Tamanna
name: Rettegno, Piero
name: Agathos, Michalis
name: Nagar, Alessandro
name: Turco, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the general local-in-time effective-one-body (EOB) Hamiltonian for massless Scalar-Tensor (ST) theories at third post-Newtonian (PN) order. Starting from the Lagrangian derived in [Phys. Rev. D 99, 044047 (2019)], we map it to the corresponding ordinary Hamiltonian describing the two-body interaction in ST theories at 3PN level. Using a canonical transformation, we then map this onto an EOB Hamiltonian so as to determine the ST corrections to the 3PN-accurate EOB potentials $(A,B,Q_e)$ at 3PN. We then focus on circular orbits and compare the effect of the newly computed 3PN terms, also completed with finite-size and nonlocal-in-time contributions, on predictions for the frequency at the innermost stable circular orbit. Our results will be useful to build high-accuracy waveform models in ST theory, which could be used to perform precise tests against General Relativity using gravitational wave data from coalescing compact binaries.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, 1 Table
Evidence for site-centered stripes from magnetic excitations in CuO superconductors
Creators: name: Greiter, Martin
name: Schmidt, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The success of models of coupled two-leg spin ladders in describing the magnetic excitation spectrum of La_[2-x]Ba_xCuO_4 has been widely interpreted as evidence for bond-centered stripes. Here, we determine the magnetic coupling induced by the charge stripes between bond- or site-centered spin stripes modeled by two- or three-leg ladders, respectively. We find that only the site-centered models order. We further report excellent agreement of a fully consistent analysis of coupled three-leg ladders using a spin wave theory of bond operators with the experiment.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Search for inhomogeneous Meissner screening in Nb induced by low-temperature surface treatments
Creators: name: McFadden, Ryan M. L.
name: Junginger, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Empirical surface treatments, such as low-temperature baking (LTB) in a gaseous atmosphere or in vacuum, are important for the surface preparation of Nb superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. These treatments inhomogeneously dope the first $\sim$50 nm of Nb's subsurface and are expected to impart depth-dependent characteristics to its Meissner response; however, direct evidence supporting this remains elusive, suggesting the effect is subtle. In this work, we revisit the Meissner profile data for several LTB treatments obtained from low-energy muon spin rotation (LE-$μ$SR) experiments [A. Romanenko et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 072601 (2014) and R. M. L. McFadden et al., Phys. Rev. Appl. 19, 044018 (2023)], and search for signatures of inhomogeneous field screening. Using a generalized London expression with a recently proposed empirical model for a depth-dependent magnetic penetration depth $λ(z)$, we obtain improved fits to the Meissner data, revealing that the presence of a non-superconducting surface "dead layer" $d \geq 25$ nm is a strong indicator of a reduced supercurrent density at shallow subsurface depths. Our analysis supports the notion that vacuum annealing at 120 $^{\circ}$C for 48 h induces a depth-dependent Meissner response, which has consequences for Nb's ability to maintain a magnetic-flux-free state. Evidence of similar behavior from a "nitrogen infusion" treatment is less compelling. Suggestions for further investigation into the matter are provided.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table