cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Light-Modulated Micro/Nanomotor with Switchable Operational Mechanisms
Creators: name: Liu, Tianyi
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2023

description: Micro/nanomotors (MNMs) are micron to nano sized particles that can produce autonomous
description: motion via harvesting energy from surrounding environments. As an emerging material,
description: MNMs have been proposed for applications in biomedicine, environmental remediation, and
description: complex system modelling. Despite the considerable promise of MNMs in applicational fields,
description: their fundamental propulsion mechanisms are sometimes deceptively elusive, which raises
description: challenges in the precise control of the motion.

description:

description: In this thesis, I investigate the potential relationship between propulsion mechanisms and
description: motion performance of MNMs. Three exemplary MNMs with different propulsion
description: mechanisms are prepared by advanced nanofabrication strategies. Theories and
description: mathematical models are proposed and discussed as to the precise nature of the mechanism
description: of motion. Results reveal that the propulsion mechanisms are significantly dependent on the
description: structural properties of MNMs, and the propulsion mechanisms can further influence the
description: motion behaviour of MNMs.

description:

description: The first MNM is a flask-shaped carbon-Pt-fatty acids nanomotor that can switch between
description: self-diffusiophoresis and bubble propulsion in response to light signal. The second MNM is a
description: flask-shaped Pt-SiO2 nanomotor. This work aims to study the effect of structural factors on
description: the propulsion mechanisms. The third nanomotor is a TiO2-SiO2-carbon nanomotor that can
description: switch between self-diffusiophoresis and self-thermophoresis in response to wavelength of
description: light. During the course of a series of work, I find that the switch of propulsion mechanisms
description: can lead to the change of speed and motion directionality of MNMs, which provides a new
description: dimension for advanced motion manipulation of MNMs.

description:

description: Collectively, this thesis is on the basis of synthetic development to produce MNMs with
description: variable propulsion mechanisms. It is hoped that this research can provide paradigmatic
description: insights in understanding the relationship between structures, mechanisms, and performance,
description: and inspire the design of novel MNMs that can bridge the gap between laboratory and
description: industry.
Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements of the Flow-Diverting Effects of a New Generation of the eCLIPs Implant for the Treatment of Intracranial Bifurcation Aneurysms
Creators: name: G. Yazdi, Sina
name: Mercier, Daniel
name: Bernard, Renee
name: Tynan, Adam
name: Ricci, Donald R.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2020

description: Flow diverters (FDs) for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms are effective for sidewall aneurysms, but their use at a bifurcation is problematic because FDs only partially cover the aneurysm neck and impede flow into a daughter branch; they are thus not employed routinely in this anatomy. eCLIPs was developed as a non-tubular implant to completely cover the neck of an aneurysm and serve as a coil retention device necessary for the adequate treatment of wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms. eCLIPs has shown some flow diversion effects in bifurcation anatomy but not equal to those exhibited by clinically accepted flow diverters in sidewall anatomy. A new generation of eCLIPs implant, the eCLIPs bifurcation flow diverter (eBFD), with higher metal coverage, was developed to achieve a similar flow diversion as a Pipeline Embolization Device (PED), a prototypical FD. Particle image velocimetry was used to capture the fluid dynamics and velocity reduction within silicone aneurysm replicas. A circulatory mimicking loop was developed to circulate the flow through the silicone models. All generations of eCLIPs implants had some flow-diverting effect, with increasing metal coverage density of the implant proportionately increasing the flow diversion effect. The eBFD, with a metal density of 35%, showed greater flow diversion than PED, with 30% metal density, for bifurcation anatomy. The eBFD showed similar reduction of flow in a bifurcation anatomy to PED in a sidewall, both sufficient to permit early thrombosis of the aneurysm. Thus, the eBFD can potentially provide sufficient flow diversion for the treatment of bifurcation aneurysms to avoid adjunctive coiling.
It Still Isn't Over: A Mother's Experiences of Healing After Childhood Cancer
Creators: name: Carrière, Natalie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Childhood cancer
subject: Medical anthropology
subject: Autoethnography
subject: Ethnography
subject: Cancer
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This autoethnographic account explores my experiences of healing with my daughter and two sons after childhood cancer. My goal was to understand the disconnect between my experiences of persisting fear, grief and trauma and the contradictory messages we encountered during treatment that urged us to resume our ‘normal lives’ at the end of treatment. In analyzing my story, juxtaposed with other anthropologists’ narratives of their journey through cancer and beyond, I realized that my experiences were mediated by prevalent war metaphors in illness; the pervasive social and medical messages and expectations of restitution; as well as narrow biomedical un- derstandings of illness and healing. I offer up my story with the intention of bridging the divide between patients, their family, and medical professionals.
Multiphysics Characterisation and Design of GaN HEMTs Using Advanced Thermoreflectance Techniques
Creators: name: MATEI, CRISTIAN
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2021

description: "There is a fundamental need for improved hardware efficiency to enable the next generation of mobile communications, radar, satellite and power electronics applications. The need for improved efficiencies is further highlighted by the continuous growth in the demand for capacity and coverage of cellular networks. Furthermore, the demand for slim and portable electronic appliances requires high power density power converters switching at high frequencies. To continue to improve the thermal design and efficiency of semiconductor devices, this dissertation examines new applications of transient thermoreflectance (TR) measurements and new die designs using multiphysics simulations. These techniques have significant advantages over the state-of-the-art and directly contribute to improve the transistor performance and reliability for both RF/microwave and power applications. The new techniques also provide novel insight into the distributed electrical and thermal characteristics of semiconductor devices.
description: More specifically, the research work covered in this dissertation investigates the complex interaction between the electrical and thermal behaviour that occurs within gallium nitride (GaN)-based transistors. High spatial and temporal TR measurements revealed non-uniform heating and allowed, for the first time, the measurement of the dynamic temperature operation of transistors. These measurements captured more accurate dynamic channel temperatures within the transistor finger and across the width of the die while operating in DC/DC converters at switching frequencies up to 5 MHz. The combination of the TR, pulsed I-V and load-pull measurement systems allowed the characterisation of microwave transistors under realistic microwave excitations and the investigation of the isothermal condition assumed during pulsed I-V measurements. Finally, a multiphysics circuit-based simulation methodology was developed and used to optimise GaN transistors operating at 26 GHz. By optimising the metallization, the device has a 2 percentage points improvement in the drain efficiency. The multiphysics simulation is then validated with TR measurements."
Properties of 3D HI Filaments in the Smith High Velocity Cloud
Creators: name: Holm-Hansen, Colin
name: Putman, M. E.
name: Kim, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present findings of 3D filamentary structures in the Smith Cloud, a high-velocity cloud (HVC) located at $l=38^{\circ}$, $b=-13^{\circ}$. We use data from the Galactic Arecibo L-Band Feed Array \ion{H}{i} (GALFA-\ion{H}{i}) along with our new filament detection algorithm, \texttt{fil3d}, to characterize these structures. In this paper, we also discuss how different input parameters affect the output of \texttt{fil3d}. We study filaments in the local ISM and compare them to those found in the Smith Cloud. Based on thermal linewidth estimations we find supporting evidence that the Smith Cloud filaments are part of its warm neutral medium. We also find a relationship between thermal linewidth and the $v_{LSR}$ of the filaments. We study the plane-of-sky magnetic field as traced by Planck 353 GHz polarized dust emission along the line of sight and find the HI filaments in this region are not aligned with the magnetic field. This is likely related to their location close to dynamic processes in the Galactic Plane and/or the low column density of the filaments relative to emission in the Plane. The results show the HI filaments are found in a wide range of Galactic environments and form through multiple processes.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
On partitions with bounded largest part and fixed integral GBG-rank modulo primes
Creators: name: Berkovich, Alexander
name: Dhar, Aritram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05A17, 05A19, 11P81, 11P83, 11P84

description: In 2009, Berkovich and Garvan introduced a new partition statistic called the GBG-rank modulo $t$ which is a generalization of the well-known BG-rank. In this paper, we use the Littlewood decomposition of partitions to study partitions with bounded largest part and fixed integral value of GBG-rank modulo primes. As a consequence, we obtain new elegant generating function formulas for unrestricted partitions, self-conjugate partitions, and partitions whose parts repeat a finite number of times.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Supplementary Information from Chytrid fungi shape bacterial communities on model particulate organic matter
Creators: name: Roberts, Cordelia
name: Allen, Ro
name: Bird, Kimberley E.
name: Cunliffe, Michael
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Microbial colonization and degradation of particulate organic matter (POM) are important processes that influence the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. Although POM is readily used by aquatic fungi and bacteria, there is a limited understanding of POM-associated interactions between these taxa, particularly for early-diverging fungal lineages. Using a model ecological system with the chitin-using freshwater chytrid fungus Rhizoclosmatium globosum and chitin microbeads, we assessed the impacts of chytrid fungi on POM-associated bacteria. We show that the presence of chytrids on POM alters concomitant bacterial community diversity and structure, including differing responses between chytrid life stages. We propose that chytrids can act as ecosystem facilitators through saprotrophic feeding by producing ‘public goods’ from POM degradation that modify bacterial POM communities. This study suggests that chytrid fungi have complex ecological roles in aquatic POM degradation not previously considered, including the regulation of bacterial colonization, community succession and subsequent biogeochemical potential.
DPA-2: a large atomic model as a multi-task learner
Creators: name: Zhang, Duo
name: Liu, Xinzijian
name: Zhang, Xiangyu
name: Zhang, Chengqian
name: Cai, Chun
name: Bi, Hangrui
name: Du, Yiming
name: Qin, Xuejian
name: Peng, Anyang
name: Huang, Jiameng
name: Li, Bowen
name: Shan, Yifan
name: Zeng, Jinzhe
name: Zhang, Yuzhi
name: Liu, Siyuan
name: Li, Yifan
name: Chang, Junhan
name: Wang, Xinyan
name: Zhou, Shuo
name: Liu, Jianchuan
name: Luo, Xiaoshan
name: Wang, Zhenyu
name: Jiang, Wanrun
name: Wu, Jing
name: Yang, Yudi
name: Yang, Jiyuan
name: Yang, Manyi
name: Gong, Fu-Qiang
name: Zhang, Linshuang
name: Shi, Mengchao
name: Dai, Fu-Zhi
name: York, Darrin M.
name: Liu, Shi
name: Zhu, Tong
name: Zhong, Zhicheng
name: Lv, Jian
name: Cheng, Jun
name: Jia, Weile
name: Chen, Mohan
name: Ke, Guolin
name: E, Weinan
name: Zhang, Linfeng
name: Wang, Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are catalyzing transformative changes in atomic modeling, simulation, and design. AI-driven potential energy models have demonstrated the capability to conduct large-scale, long-duration simulations with the accuracy of ab initio electronic structure methods. However, the model generation process remains a bottleneck for large-scale applications. We propose a shift towards a model-centric ecosystem, wherein a large atomic model (LAM), pre-trained across multiple disciplines, can be efficiently fine-tuned and distilled for various downstream tasks, thereby establishing a new framework for molecular modeling. In this study, we introduce the DPA-2 architecture as a prototype for LAMs. Pre-trained on a diverse array of chemical and materials systems using a multi-task approach, DPA-2 demonstrates superior generalization capabilities across multiple downstream tasks compared to the traditional single-task pre-training and fine-tuning methodologies. Our approach sets the stage for the development and broad application of LAMs in molecular and materials simulation research.
Supplementary Table 1 from Chytrid fungi shape bacterial communities on model particulate organic matter
Creators: name: Roberts, Cordelia
name: Allen, Ro
name: Bird, Kimberley E.
name: Cunliffe, Michael
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: SIMPER analysis table of KEGG orthologs (KO) displaying the top 10 KOs contributing to differences between treatments over time.
Przekraczając (nie)widzialne granice. Doświadczenie awansu klasowego w biografiach jednostek
Creators: name: Kajta, Justyna
Year: 2021

description: Kolekcja prezentuje dane badawcze zebrane w ramach projektu "Przekraczając (nie)widzialne granice. Doświadczenie awansu klasowego w biografiach jednostek", realizowanego w latach 2020-2021 i finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki (Miniatura 4, MINIATURA NCN, 2020/04/X/HS6/00399). Projekt skupiał się na biograficznym doświadczaniu awansu klasowego. Łącząc założenia metodologii teorii ugruntowanej oraz metody biograficznej, w ramach projektu zgromadzone zostały wywiady biograficzno-narracyjne z osobami, które doświadczyły awansu klasowego, których rodzice nie mieli wyższego wykształcenia, a one same związane są zawodowo z jednym z trzech pól społecznych: akademickim, sztuki lub biznesu. Awans klasowy jest często prezentowany jako pożądany indywidualny sukces. Nie umniejszając pozytywnym aspektom ruchliwości społecznej, warto jednak zwrócić uwagę na złożoność przekraczania (nie)widzialnych granic klasowych i przyjrzeć się temu, w jaki sposób jest ono odczuwane doświadczane przez jednostki: jak wpływa na ich tożsamość, poczucie, tego, kim są, ich relacje ze „starym” i „nowym” światem. Dotychczasowe badania uwzględniające doświadczanie awansu klasowego wskazują, że awansowaniu towarzyszą często takie emocje, jak niepewność, strach, poczucie wyobcowania, poczucie winy wynikające ze „zdrady” swojej klasy pochodzenia, syndrom oszusta (impostor syndrome). Kolekcja zawiera 19 wywiadów z osobami, które zgodziły się na archiwizację zanonimizowanych transkrypcji. Ze względu na kontynuację badań, dostęp do transkrypcji jest możliwy jedynie za zgodą kierowniczki projektu.
Assessment of the effect of heterosis on semen parameters of two-breed crosses of Duroc, Hampshire and Pietrain boars
Creators: name: Wysokinska, Anna
name: Kondracki, Stanislaw
Publisher: name: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 570 Life sciences

description: Archiv Tierzucht 56 (2013) 7, 65-74; ISSN 0003-9438
A Review on the Fate of Legacy and Alternative Antimicrobials and Their Metabolites during Wastewater and Sludge Treatment
Creators: name: Abbott, Timothy
name: Kor-Bicakci, Gokce
name: Islam, Mohammad S.
name: Eskicioglu, Cigdem
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2020

description: Antimicrobial compounds are used in a broad range of personal care, consumer and healthcare products and are frequently encountered in modern life. The use of these compounds is being reexamined as their safety, effectiveness and necessity are increasingly being questioned by regulators and consumers alike. Wastewater often contains significant amounts of these chemicals, much of which ends up being released into the environment as existing wastewater and sludge treatment processes are simply not designed to treat many of these contaminants. Furthermore, many biotic and abiotic processes during wastewater treatment can generate significant quantities of potentially toxic and persistent antimicrobial metabolites and byproducts, many of which may be even more concerning than their parent antimicrobials. This review article explores the occurrence and fate of two of the most common legacy antimicrobials, triclosan and triclocarban, their metabolites/byproducts during wastewater and sludge treatment and their potential impacts on the environment. This article also explores the fate and transformation of emerging alternative antimicrobials and addresses some of the growing concerns regarding these compounds. This is becoming increasingly important as consumers and regulators alike shift away from legacy antimicrobials to alternative chemicals which may have similar environmental and human health concerns.
Thermotropic reentrant isotropy and antiferroelectricity in the ferroelectric nematic realm: Comparing RM734 and DIO
Creators: name: Zhong, Bingchen
name: Shuai, Min
name: Chen, Xi
name: Martinez, Vikina
name: Korblova, Eva
name: Glaser, Matthew A.
name: Maclennan, Joseph E.
name: Walba, David M.
name: Clark, Noel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current intense study of ferroelectric nematic liquid crystals was initiated by the observation of the same ferroelectric nematic phase in two independently discovered organic rod-shaped mesogenic compounds, RM734 and DIO. We recently reported that the compound RM734 also exhibits a monotropic, low-temperature, antiferroelectric phase having reentrant isotropic symmetry (the $I_A$ phase), the formation of which is facilitated to a remarkable degree by doping with small (below $1\%$) amounts of the ionic liquid ${\rm BMIM-PF}_6$. Here we report similar phenomenology in DIO, showing that this reentrant isotropic behavior is not only a property of RM734 but is rather a more general, material-independent feature of ferroelectric nematic mesogens. We find that the reentrant isotropic phases observed in RM734 and DIO are similar but not identical, adding two new phases to the ferroelectric nematic realm. The two $I_A$ phases exhibit similar, strongly peaked, diffuse x-ray scattering in the WAXS range $(1
description: main text 21 pages including 7 figures; supplement 9 pages including 6 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2309.04935
Effects of slaughter age and gender on carcass characteristics of indigenous Turkish Hairgoat kids reared under an extensive production system
Creators: name: Oral Toplu, H. Deger
name: Goksoy, Ergun Omer
name: Nazligul, Ahmet
Publisher: name: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 570 Life sciences

description: Archiv Tierzucht 56 (2013) 8, 75-88; ISSN 0003-9438
‘In Search of the Borderline Male’: Counselling psychologists’ talk about male clients with a BPD diagnosis
Creators: name: YOUNG, STEPHEN PETER
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2021

description: Topic: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is a highly contentious and controversial mental health diagnosis. Often characterised as the quintessential personality disorder, it is widely described as being diagnosed much more often in women than in men. Clinical and research samples often reflect this, yet community prevalence studies do not support any such gendered prevalence disparity. Various attempts have been made to explain how either BPD or its application might be gendered, but none have made provided a compelling explanation for the disparity, and few have explored the issue discursively.
description: Method: Semi-structured interviews were carried out with UK Counselling Psychologists who had experience of working with men with a BPD diagnosis. Transcripts were subjected to a form of critical discourse analysis, to create a reading of accounts that might answer research questions on participants’ understanding of the BPD male, including differences from and similarities with the BPD female, as well as their understanding of the gender disparity around this diagnosis and presentation.
description: Findings: Participants’ accounts were found to draw on four discrete interpretative repertoires, covering psychiatric, psychological, psychotherapeutic, and societal realms, which produced varying and conflicting conceptions of ‘the BPD male’. Contradictions produced by these repertoires led to the identification of dilemmas. and the ways participants made discursive sense of these was analysed. Men who might meet BPD diagnostic criteria were variously constructed as no different from women meeting the criteria, yet also fundamentally ‘othered’ within all but one discursive realm. Issues around diagnostic practice and feminised psychological services were identified.
description: Conclusions: The BPD gender disparity can be understood by conceptualising it not as a product of psychological difference between men and women, but as resulting from systemically, institutionally, and culturally situated diagnostic and psychotherapeutic practices, influenced by hegemonic constructions of gender. Consequently, gender-informed diagnosis and services are suggested.
Ultraviolet-Cross-linked Polymers for Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives: Debonding-on-Demand or Degradable
Creators: name: Abu Bakar, Rohani Binti
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2023

description: Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs), as the name implies, form a bond with nearly any solid surface under the application of light pressure. With the increasing use of PSAs in various industries, there is a need for greater sustainability, particularly in developing materials from renewable resources, as well as the reuse and recycling of materials to reduce their environmental impact, reduce waste, or extend their life.

description:

description: This thesis investigates two distinct strategies for developing polymer materials for more sustainable PSAs. The first strategy is debonding on demand in response to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and the second strategy is degrading polymer networks via a chemical treatment. Both approaches could potentially enhance the reuse and recycling of bonded materials, as well as address the ‘stickies’ issue, thus making the recycling processes more effective. In the first part of this work, perfluorophenylazide chemistry was explored and employed to control precisely a polyacrylate network for application as a PSA. Upon UV irradiation, the highly reactive nitrene from the azide moiety reacts with nearby molecules through a C–H insertion reaction, resulting in cross-linking via covalent bonding. This approach offers three benefits: (1) a means to optimise adhesive properties without the addition of an external photo-initiator; (2) the ability to switch off the tack adhesion on demand via a high cross-linking density; and (3) a platform for additional chemical modification. This first demonstration of using azide functionality has enormous potential for functional PSA design.

description:

description: In the second part of this work, degradable PSAs were developed that provide the required performance in use but have networks that can be degraded after use. A series of copolymers were prepared from n-butyl acrylate, 4-acryloyloxy benzophenone (ABP) photoinitiator, and dibenzo[c,e]oxepin-5(7H)-thione (DOT) to provide a cleavable thioester. The optimum tack and peel strengths were found for molar contents of 0.05 mol% ABP and 0.25 mol% DOT. Degradation of the backbone thioesters through aminolysis or thiolysis led to the full dissolution of the networks, loss of adhesive properties of films, and the quick detachment of model labels from a substrate. The inclusion of DOT into PSAs offers a viable route toward degradable and recyclable packaging labels.
Inference and Visualization of Community Structure in Attributed Hypergraphs Using Mixed-Membership Stochastic Block Models
Creators: name: Nakajima, Kazuki
name: Uno, Takeaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hypergraphs represent complex systems involving interactions among more than two entities and allow the investigation of higher-order structure and dynamics in complex systems. Node attribute data, which often accompanies network data, can enhance the inference of community structure in complex systems. While mixed-membership stochastic block models have been employed to infer community structure in hypergraphs, they complicate the visualization and interpretation of inferred community structure by assuming that nodes may possess soft community memberships. In this study, we propose a framework, HyperNEO, that combines mixed-membership stochastic block models for hypergraphs with dimensionality reduction methods. Our approach generates a node layout that largely preserves the community memberships of nodes. We evaluate our framework on both synthetic and empirical hypergraphs with node attributes. We expect our framework will broaden the investigation and understanding of higher-order community structure in complex systems.
Improving Flow Completion Time and Throughput in Data Center Networks
Creators: name: Joy, Sijo
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Data Center Networking
Data Center Transport
ECN
Software Defined Networking
Long flows
Short flows

description: Today, data centers host a wide variety of applications which generate a mix of diverse internal data center traffic. In a data center environment 90% of the traffic flows, though they constitute only 10% of the data carried around, are short flows with sizes up to a maximum of 1MB. The rest 10% constitute long flows with sizes in the range of 1MB to 1GB. Throughput matters for the long flows whereas short flows are latency sensitive. This thesis studies various data center transport mechanisms aimed at either improving flow completion time for short flows or throughput for long flows. Thesis puts forth two data center transport mechanisms: (1) for improving flow completion time for short flows (2) for improving throughput for long flows. The first data center transport mechanism proposed in this thesis, FA-DCTCP (Flow Aware DCTCP), is based on Data Center Transmission Control Protocol (DCTCP). DCTCP is a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) variant for data centers pioneered by Microsoft, which is being deployed widely in data centers today. DCTCP congestion control algorithm treats short flows and long flows equally. This thesis demonstrate that, treating them differently by reducing the congestion window for short flows at a lower rate compared to long flows, at the onset of congestion, 99th percentile of flow completion time for short flows could be improved by up to 32.5%, thereby reducing their tail latency by up to 32.5%. As per data center traffic measurement studies, data center internal traffic often exhibit predefined patterns with respect to the traffic flow mix. The second data center transport mechanism proposed in this thesis shows that, insights into the internal data center traffic composition could be leveraged to achieve better throughput for long flows. The mechanism for the same is implemented by adopting the Software Defined Networking paradigm, which offers the ability to dynamically adapt network configuration parameters based on network observations. The proposed solution achieves up to 22% improvement in long flow throughput, by dynamically adjusting network element’s QoS configurations, based on the observed traffic pattern.
Genetic evaluation for longevity of Croatian Simmental bulls using a piecewise Weibull model
Creators: name: Jovanovac, Sonja
name: Raguz, Nikola
name: Soelkner, Johann
name: Meszaros, Gabor
Publisher: name: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 570 Life sciences

description: Archiv Tierzucht 56 (2013) 9, 89-101; ISSN 0003-9438
In Pursuit of Belongingness: A study into international student participation in UK campus theatre societies impacting their sense of belonging in the university context
Creators: name: GHOSH, PRIYANKI
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2021

description: Research on international student belonging currently offers a generalised perception of international student experiences in higher education. This study commenced in a time when socio-political uncertainties like Brexit, differential restrictions on EU and Overseas international students' mobility, posed new challenges for UK’s higher education sector. This was often reflected through reports of growing feelings of ‘unwelcomeness’, student segregation, and racism in UK campuses (Brown, 2009).
description: By prioritizing the under-researched contexts of university clubs and societies this study addresses the recurrent research gaps which stress the immediate necessity for an in-depth, situated analysis of university contexts (Poteet and Gomez, 2015). Whereas most existing international student research homogenised and obscured the international student experience through presupposing social categories (Yao, 2015), this study uniquely combined a long-term linguistic ethnography with interpretive sociolinguistic discourse analysis.
description: The focus was specifically on theatre societies within a single institution because the convergence of the theatrical and the intercultural created critical performances and opportunities to witness interculturality in action over time and space, between culturally different home and international students, as they voluntarily engaged in varied theatre practices. This has been to find out if and how participation in extracurricular theatre practice within university theatre societies impacts the sense of belonging of the international students in the university context.
description: A multidisciplinary perspective drawing on intercultural communication, higher education, theatre, performance, and applied linguistics is unique, as it helps to bridge the crucial knowledge gap by analysing the discursive, performative, and communicative nuances and processes of mixed students’ everyday interactions.
description: This approach helps illuminate the currently unknown patterns of inclusion and exclusion in non-academic, extracurricular contexts and particularly highlights the unexplored role of community theatre practice, in mediation and construction of international students’ sense of belonging. The findings reveal the multilingual diversity in UK universities (Preece, 2011), offering fresh directions for future research, and current university policies and practices that aim to foster diversity, inclusion, and belonging on UK University campuses.
Asymptotic dimension and geometric decompositions in dimensions 3 and 4
Creators: name: Peruyero, H. Contreras
name: Suárez-Serrato, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the fundamental groups of smooth $4$-manifolds that admit geometric decompositions in the sense of Thurston have asymptotic dimension at most four, and equal to 4 when aspherical. We also show that closed $3$-manifold groups have asymptotic dimension at most 3. Our proof method yields that the asymptotic dimension of closed $3$-dimensional Alexandrov spaces is at most 3. We thus obtain that the Novikov conjecture holds for closed $4$-manifolds with such a geometric decomposition and closed $3$-dimensional Alexandrov spaces. Consequences of these results include a vanishing result for the Yamabe invariant of certain $0$-surgered geometric $4$-manifolds and the existence of zero in the spectrum of aspherical smooth $4$-manifolds with a geometric decomposition.
description: 22 pages, 2 images
Seasonal changes in scrotal circumference, the quantity and quality of ram semen in Hungary
Creators: name: Olah, Janos
name: Kusza, Szilvia
name: Harangi, Sandor
name: Posta, Janos
name: Kovacs, Andras
name: Pecsi, Anna
name: Budai, Csilla
name: Javor, Andras
Publisher: name: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 570 Life sciences

description: Archiv Tierzucht 56 (2013) 10, 102-108; ISSN 0003-9438
Demography, Movement Patterns, and Habitat Selection of Blanding's Turtles at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories in Chalk River, Ontario
Creators: name: Hawkins, Emily
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Compositional Analysis
Management
Multiple-Scale Habitat Selection
Reptile
Semi-Aquatic
Species At Risk
Population Viability
Home Range

description: The development and implementation of effective species and population-specific management strategies requires population-specific information. To demonstrate the relative extirpation risk associated with various road mortality scenarios for a population of Blanding’s turtles at Canadian Nuclear Laboratories in Chalk River, Ontario, a Population Viability Analysis was conducted. Road mortality of two adult females every ten years resulted in population extirpation within 200 years relative to a stable population not experiencing road mortality. To accommodate informed decision-making for the management of this species at risk, the movement patterns and habitat selection of this Blanding’s turtle population were described. There was no significant difference between males and females in distance moved between relocations in either the spring or the summer, but turtles moved greater distances in the spring than in the summer. Annual and seasonal home range size did not differ between the sexes or between spring and summer periods. A compositional analysis indicated Blanding’s turtles preferred marsh habitats over bog, swamp, lake, and upland. Matched-paired logistic regression was used to determine selection of microhabitat features, such as type of vegetation, in the spring and summer. Turtles preferred sites with warmer air temperatures, shallower water, a higher availability of open water, and greater coverage of emergent and floating vegetation types in the spring period. In the summer period, turtles preferred sites characterized by cooler, deeper water, a higher availability of open water, and greater coverage of emergent and floating vegetation types. This population of Blanding’s turtles appears to be relatively small and the continued threat of road mortality indicates a delicate situation for its persistence. Considering seasonally preferred habitats will best inform management decisions for seasonal work restrictions and future development plans.
Microstructure and Micromechanics of Bioinspired Composites for Next Generation Dental Crowns
Creators: name: Jargalsaikhan, Urangua
Publisher: name: University of Surrey
Year: 2023

description: The clinical failure mode of dental crown ceramics involves radial cracking from the flexure of the ceramic layer on the subsurface. This results in a reduced lifespan for the majority of the dental crown, and thus research has focused on the optimal material combinations that can reduce stress concentration in dental ceramics for more efficacious application and as such, successful commercialisation in the future. A bioinspired ceramic composite is a potential superior alternative to traditional dental ceramic materials as it not only exhibits improved fracture toughness, but offers a prospective cost-effective substitute, such as for dental in-direct restorations and prosthetics. Bi-directional freeze casting is a promising technique that could be utilised extensively in ceramic composites to overcome challenges regarding brittleness, toughness and strength. This research aims to optimise freeze-casted bioinspired composites that can be used as a strong and tough ceramic-based dental crown. Thus, freeze-cast, bioinspired and multilayer alumina (Al2O3) composites with four different polymer phases were in situ tested to evaluate their bending behaviour and fracture toughness. In addition, a computational model was utilised and validated against experimental results. Based on the experimental evidence and numerical modelling, it was concluded that bioinspired ceramic-based composites showed superior strength and toughness compared to current commercial all-ceramic materials. Variability in mechanical properties occurred mainly on account of differing microstructure and volume fractions of compositions i.e., 60 vol.% Al2O3/PMMA displayed superior toughness and a greater extent of toughening mechanisms. Hence, developing reliable, advanced in situ, micromechanical characterisation techniques and establishing complex multiscale numerical models are critical for successfully passing hurdles in the dental field.
Was it cheating?
Creators: name: Farquharson, Karen
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Eight doubles badminton players were disqualified from the Olympics yesterday for trying to lose their matches. The players, from South Korea, China and Indonesia, purposely played badly in attempts to lose their matches to get a better position in the draw in the following round. Their behaviour has been described as being 'against the spirit of the Olympics', and the players have been comprehensively criticised for their behaviour, but was it cheating, or were the teams were using the rules of this competition to maximise their chances of winning?
Lie Algebroids
Creators: name: Meinrenken, Eckhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58H0558H0558H05 58H05, 22A22, 53D17

description: This is an overview article on Lie algebroids, and their role as the infinitesimal counterparts of Lie groupoids.
description: 10 pages, overview article for the Encyclopedia of Mathematical Physics
Differentiating Habits for Pro-Environmental Behaviours
Creators: name: Aitken, Nicole
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Habits
Pro-environmental behaviours
Self-determination theory

description: To help protect the environment people need to change current non-environmental behaviours into more sustainable behaviours. By understanding habits for pro-environmental behaviours, people can strive toward building a more sustainable future. The goal of this thesis was to identify different types of repeated pro-environmental behaviours and how to best foster strong habits for pro-environmental behaviours. To achieve this purpose we combined the theoretical framework of habits (Bargh, 1994; Verplanken, 2006) with the theoretical framework of self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985; 2000) to address current gaps in the habit literature. The present thesis is comprised of two articles. The first article determined if the proposed indicators of habits (i.e., behaviour frequency, habit strength, and behaviour interference) could identify different patterns of repeated pro-environmental behaviours predicted by habit and self-determination theory using cluster analysis. The three studies provided support for the three proposed types of repeated behaviours: weak habits, repeated behaviours with interference, and strong habits. These results were very robust since the same pattern was found across three studies, three samples, and three different target behaviours. The second article used the groups (i.e., weak habit, repeated behaviour with interference, and strong habit) in exploratory multinomial logistic regression analyses to identify factors related to pro-environmental behaviours which distinguished between the different types of repeated behaviours. Once again, the same three types of repeated behaviours were found across these three studies, with three new samples and two different target behaviours. Three predictors fairly consistently identified differences between the groups: autonomous motivation toward the environment, perceived importance of the environment, and the frequency of other pro-environmental behaviours. The implications of the thesis findings are discussed in relation to self-determination theory and the study of habits.
Propagation of tensor perturbation in Horndeski-like gravity
Creators: name: Santos, Fabiano F.
name: Said, Jackson Levi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalar-tensor theories have shown promise in many sectors of cosmology. However, recent constraints from the speed of gravitational waves have put severe limits on the breadth of models such classes of theories can realize. In this work, we explore the possibility of a Horndeski Lagrangian that is equipped with two dilaton fields. The evolution of a two-dilation coupled cosmology is not well-known in the literature. We explore the tensor perturbations in order to assess the behavior of the model again the speed of gravitational wave constraint. Our main result is that this model exhibits of a class of cosmological theories that is consistent with this observational constraint.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
A Civilized Society? The Culture of Punishment in Canada
Creators: name: Hughes, Andrea
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015

description: Punishment is more than a response to criminalized behaviour; at its core, it is a reflection of the cultural, social, and political trends of a society. In Canada, our cultural and emotional sensibilities have long been recognized as producing a moderate and balanced penal system. However, a recent series of ‘tough on crime’ laws and increasingly harsh prison conditions contradict our global reputation for being civil and lenient, and suggest that a period of ‘penal intensification’ (Sim, 2009) is taking place in Canada. This thesis explores Canada’s current penality through a critical, qualitative content analysis of the Safe Streets and Communities Act (2012) legislation and a sample of online public commentary. Drawing on the de/civilizing process theories of Norbert Elias (1939/2000) and John Pratt (1998, 2002, 2011), it is argued that there is a noticeable dominance of de-civilizing discourses and themes found within the legislation and comment boards. While historical developments have arguably made us more “civilized”, the recent implementation of harsh punishments in Canada’s penal system suggests that we are experiencing a “de-civilized” penal intensification.
Effectiveness of "natural stockmanship" training in cattle
Creators: name: Abramowicz, Paulina
name: Golebiewski, Marcin
name: Gorecka-Bruzda, Aleksandra
name: Brzozowski, Piotr
Publisher: name: Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 570 Life sciences

description: Archiv Tierzucht 56 (2013) 11, 109-126; ISSN 0003-9438
Differential Forms for T-Algebras in Kahler Categories
Creators: name: Thomas, O'Neill
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Category Theory
Kahler Differentials
Abstract Differentiation
T-Algebras

description: A Kahler category axiomatizes the algebraic geometric theory of Kahler Differentials in an abstract categorical setting. To facilitate this, a Kahler category is equipped with an algebra modality, which endows each object in the image of a specified monad with an associative algebra structure; universal derivations are then required to exist naturally for each of these objects. Moreover, it can be demonstrated that for each T-algebra of said monad there is a natural associative algebra structure. In this paper I will show that under certain conditions on the Kahler category, the universal derivations for the algebras arising from T-algebras exist and arise via a coequalizer. Furthermore, this result is extended to provide an alternative construction for universal derivations for a more general class of algebras, including all algebras in a Kahler category. A prospective categorical formulation of the theory of noncommutative Kahler differentials is then given, and the above said results are shown to apply in this context. Finally, another class of algebras is constructed via a colimit, and the modules of differential forms for these algebras is computed.
Improved Weak Lensing Photometric Redshift Calibration via StratLearn and Hierarchical Modeling
Creators: name: Autenrieth, Maximilian
name: Wright, Angus H.
name: Trotta, Roberto
name: van Dyk, David A.
name: Stenning, David C.
name: Joachimi, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrepancies between cosmological parameter estimates from cosmic shear surveys and from recent Planck cosmic microwave background measurements challenge the ability of the highly successful $Λ$CDM model to describe the nature of the Universe. To rule out systematic biases in cosmic shear survey analyses, accurate redshift calibration within tomographic bins is key. In this paper, we improve photo-$z$ calibration via Bayesian hierarchical modeling of full galaxy photo-$z$ conditional densities, by employing $\textit{StratLearn}$, a recently developed statistical methodology, which accounts for systematic differences in the distribution of the spectroscopic training/source set and the photometric target set. Using realistic simulations that were designed to resemble the KiDS+VIKING-450 dataset, we show that $\textit{StratLearn}$-estimated conditional densities improve the galaxy tomographic bin assignment, and that our $\textit{StratLearn}$-Bayesian framework leads to nearly unbiased estimates of the target population means. This leads to a factor of $\sim 2$ improvement upon the previously best photo-$z$ calibration method. Our approach delivers a maximum bias per tomographic bin of $Δ\langle z \rangle = 0.0095 \pm 0.0089$, with an average absolute bias of $0.0052 \pm 0.0067$ across the five tomographic bins.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures, 3 appendices