cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Myospalax Laxmann 1769
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Spalacidae
Myospalax

description: Myospalax Laxmann 1769
Myospalax Laxmann 1769, Sibirische Briefe, Gottingen: 75.
Type Species: Mus myospalax Laxmann 1773
Synonyms: Aspalomys Gervais 1841; Episiphneus Kretzoi 1961; Myotalpa Kerr 1792; Siphneus Brants 1827.
Species and subspecies: 3 species:
Species Myospalax aspalax Pallas 1776
Species Myospalax myospalax Laxmann 1773
Species Myospalax psilurus Milne-Edwards 1874
Discussion: Phylogenetic relationships reviewed by Lawrence (1991) and Zheng (1994), both of whose analyses affiliated extant species listed here and extinct Pliocene and Pleistocene species in the same monophyletic group (flat occipital shield, short incisive foramina within premaxillary bone, rooted or rootless molars, and other traits considered primitive for the subfamily). Zheng (1994) revived Episiphneus for the extinct youngi and pseudarmandi (which he called sinensis) and placed rootless forms in Myospalax. Lawrence (1991) demonstrated the artificiality of this arrangement, and we follow her arrangement in recognizing one genus with the M. psilurus and M. myospalax species groups, the latter also including the Pliocene and Pleistocene M. youngi and M. pseudarmandi. Myospalax as represented here is equivalent to Zheng’s (1994) Myospalacinae. Corbet (1978 c), following Kuzhyakin (1965), treated all Myospalax (they used subgenus Myospalax) as a single highly variable species, a lumping which clashes with Ognev’s (1947) recognition of aspalax, myospalax, and psilurus as distinct; his arrangement proves to be a sharper insight into the real species diversity. Morphological, geographic, and other information for species with ranges in Russia and adjacent regions reviewed by Ognev (1947) and Gromov and Erbajeva (1995).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Spalacidae, pp. 907-926 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 907, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Myospalax aspalax Pallas 1776
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Spalacidae
Myospalax
Myospalax aspalax

description: Myospalax aspalax Pallas 1776
Myospalax aspalax Pallas 1776, Reise Prov. Russ. Reichs, Vol. 3: 692.
Type Locality: Russia, Transbaikalia, Dauuria ("Doldogo, on Onon River, below Atchinsk," Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951:652).
Vernacular Names: Steppe Zokor.
Synonyms: Myospalax armandii (Milne-Edwards 1867); Myospalax dybowskii Sherskey 1873; Myospalax hangaicus (Orlov and Baskevich 1992); Myospalax talpinus (Pallas 1811); Myospalax zokor (Desmarest 1822).
Distribution: Steppes and farmland of Russia on banks of Onon and Ingoda Rivers in the Upper Amur basin, N Mongolia (Sokolov and Orlov, 1980), and NE China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, and N Shanxi; see Zhang et al., 1997).
Conservation: IUCN - Lower Risk (lc).
Discussion: M. myospalax species group. Listed, with a question mark, as a subspecies of M. myospalax by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951), and unequivocally as M. m. aspalax by Ellerman (1941) and Corbet (1978 c). Separated as a species by Lawrence (1991) based on morphology, a status supported by karyotypic data (M. myospalax, 2n = 44, FN = 80-84; M. aspalax, 2n = 62, FN =110-114; M. psilurus, 2n = 64, FN =106-108; Martynova, 1975; Nevo, 1999; Vorontsov and Martynova, 1976) and analysis of blood proteins (Martynova et al., 1977). Closest phylogenetic relative is the early Pleistocene M. pseudarmandi, and both belong to the same species group containing the modern M. myospalax and Pliocene M. youngi (Lawrence, 1991).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Spalacidae, pp. 907-926 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 907, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Precise gene expression deconvolution in spatial transcriptomics with STged
Creators: name: Tu, Jia-Juan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Goal of this Work

Spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) has transformed tissue biology by linking gene expression profiles with spatial information. However, sequencing-based SRT methods aggregate signals from multiple cell types within capture locations ("spots"), masking cell-type-specific gene expression patterns. Traditional cell type deconvolution methods estimate cell compositions within spots but fail to resolve cell-type-specific gene expression, limiting their ability to uncover critical biological processes such as cellular interactions and microenvironmental dynamics.

Here, we present STged (Spatial Transcriptomic Gene Expression Deconvolution), a novel computational framework that goes beyond traditional deconvolution by reconstructing cell-type-specific gene expression profiles from mixed spots. STged integrates graph-based spatial correlations and reference-derived gene signatures using a non-negative least-squares regression framework, achieving precise and biologically meaningful deconvolution. Comprehensive simulations show that STged consistently outperforms existing methods in accuracy and robustness.

Applications to human pancreatic cancer and squamous cell carcinoma datasets reveal its capacity to identify microenvironment-specific highly variable genes, reconstruct spatial cell-cell communication networks, and resolve tissue architecture at near-single-cell resolution. In mouse kidney tissues, STged uncovers dynamic spatial gene expression patterns and distinct gene programs, advancing our understanding of tissue heterogeneity and cellular dynamics.

Type of Folders

Here, we provide the data used in the manuscript along with the corresponding results from simulation studies and real data analysis. There are two folders:

The folder named realdata contains the raw data used in STged.  

The folder named results contains the results generated by STged and the compared methods.
Ocalea intermedia Pace, 2012, n. sp.
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Ocalea
Ocalea intermedia

description: Ocalea intermedia n. sp.
(Figg. 14 e 72-73)
Materiale tipico:
Holotypus ♂, China: Shaanxi, Daba Shan, NW pass, 25 km NW Zhenping, 2150 m, 32°01'N 109°19'E, 11.VII.2001, leg. A. Smetana (SDEI).
Descrizione:
Lunghezza 4,1 mm. Corpo lucido e bruno, capo nero-bruno, uroterghi liberi quarto e quinto neri con viva iridescenza, antenne brune con i due antennomeri basali e base del terzo rossicci, zampe giallo-rossicce. Secondo antennomero più corto del primo, terzo più lungo del secondo, quarto lungo quanto largo, quinto a decimo trasversi. Occhi lunghi quanto le tempie. Reticolazione del capo superficiale, quella di pronoto ed elitre evidente, quella dell’addome assente. Punteggiatura del capo molto superficiale. Granulosità di pronoto ed elitre saliente. Pronoto con debole fossetta mediana posteriore. Edeago figg. 72-73.
Comparazioni:
L’edeago della nuova specie è simile a quello di O. morvani Pace, 1992 del Nepal, ma non è incavato presso la «crista apicalis» come in morvani, e la parte apicale, in visione ventrale, è più stretta, 0,128 mm, mentre è di 0,180 in morvani.
Etimologia:
La nuova specie prende il suo nome per la sua posizione tassonomica che si trova tra due specie affini.
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2012, Biodiversità delle Aleocharinae della Cina: Hygronomini e Oxypodini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 125-163 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 (1) on pages 137-138, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.62.1.125-163, http://zenodo.org/record/5872933
Belostoma elegans
Creators: name: Mazzucconi, Silvia Ana
name: Reyes, Cristina Armúa De
name: Estévez, Ana Lía
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Belostomatidae
Belostoma
Belostoma elegans

description: Belostoma elegans (Mayr, 1871)
Zaitha elegans Mayr, 1871: Abh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien, 408, 415–416.
Belostoma elegans: Kirkaldy & Torre-Bueno, 1909: Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, 191.
Material examined. Galarza RS: 1 ♂, Luna Lagoon, sample 1, 17.iv.2013; 1 ♂, Luna Lagoon, sample 3, 17.iv.2013. Itatí RS: 3 ♂, 28–31.iii.2014. San Ignacio RS: 2 ♀, 2–5.iii.2015. San Nicolás RS: 3 ♂, 2 ♀, 13–15.xii.2013. Yahaveré RS: 1 ♂, Trin Lagoon, 12.xii.2014.
General distribution. Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay (Moreira et al. 2011b).
Habitat. Belostoma elegans has been found in ditches (densely vegetated), pools (densely vegetated), urban rain pools (without aquatic vegetation), natural and artificial ponds (densely vegetated), marshlands (densely vegetated), lagoons (in vegetated margins; sometimes in brackish water), and in quiet edges of artificial channels, streams and rivers (Berg 1881; Fernández & López Ruf 2006; Poi de Neiff & Neiff 2006; Torres et al. 2007; Armúa de Reyes & Kehr 2008; Fontanarrosa et al. 2009).
At the INR, specimens were collected from the margins of the Iberá Lagoon in shallow waters with emergent and floating vegetation (Estévez & Armúa de Reyes 2003; Estévez et al. 2003; Armúa de Reyes & Estévez 2016). It was found in association with Pontederia azurea (Poi de Neiff 2003) and in the Laguna Iberá in association with Pistia stratiotes L., Salvinia sp., Egeria densa Planch. and Pontederia crassipes (Armúa et al. 2011). During the present study, B. elegans was collected from the margins with dense floating, emergent, and submerged vegetation (mainly P. crassipes and Salvinia biloba) in lentic habitats (Luna Lagoon and Trin Lagoon), and in standing water of lotic habitats. This species was also collected in association with P. crassipes in the Paraná River and Chaco Province (Argentina) (Poi de Neiff & Carignan 1997; Poi de Neiff & Neiff 2006).
description: Published as part of Mazzucconi, Silvia Ana, Reyes, Cristina Armúa De & Estévez, Ana Lía, 2022, Aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Iberá Natural Reserve (Corrientes Province, Argentina), pp. 451-505 in Zootaxa 5104 (4) on page 475, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6332126
title: Advancing sustainability in districts: A comprehensive review of GIS and remote sensing of urban energy system modelling
Creators: name: Patel, Nirav Ashvinbhai
name: Kranzl, Lukas
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: Aerial Infrared Thermography
Building Energy Performance
Time Series Data
U-Values

description: The need for innovative solutions in urban energy systems has increased due to the pursuit of sustainable urban development. This poster examines the potential of remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies in urban energy modelling, with a specific focus on the assessment of buildings' energy performance. The review provides a comprehensive investigation of the theoretical foundations, methodological considerations, practical applications, and potential challenges of using these technologies in the context of data collection for the modelling of sustainable urban energy systems. It aims to provide a holistic understanding of GIS and Remote Sensing within the context of urban energy modelling.
Ocalea ming Pace, 2012, n. sp.
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Ocalea
Ocalea ming

description: Ocalea ming n. sp.
(Figg. 73-75)
Materiale tipico:
Holotypus ♂, China: SE-Sichuan, Jinfo Shan, 1800 m, 27.VI.1998, leg. A. Smetana (MHNG).
Descrizione:
Lunghezza 4,5 mm. Corpo lucido e nero-bruno, antenne brune con i tre antennomeri basali rossicci, zampe rossicce. Secondo antennomero più lungo del primo, terzo più lungo del secondo, quarto a decimo più lunghi che larghi. Occhi molto più corti delle tempie. Reticolazione del corpo assente. Punteggiatura di capo e pronoto fitta e superficiale. Granulosità delle elitre fine ed evanescente. Pronoto con forte fossetta mediana posteriore. Edeago figg. 74-75.
Comparazioni:
L’armatura genitale interna dell’edeago della nuova specie è forte come quella di O. chinensis Pace, 1999 del Sichuan, ma l’edeago all’apice è larghissimo nella nuova specie, in visione ventrale, di 0,12 mm, mentre in chinensis è strettissimo, di 0,026 mm.
Etimologia:
La nuova specie prende nome dalla dinastia cinese dei Ming.
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2012, Biodiversità delle Aleocharinae della Cina: Hygronomini e Oxypodini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 125-163 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.62.1.125-163, http://zenodo.org/record/5872933
Myospalax myospalax Laxmann 1773
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Spalacidae
Myospalax
Myospalax myospalax

description: Myospalax myospalax Laxmann 1773
Myospalax myospalax Laxmann 1773, K. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl. Stockholm, 34: 134.
Type Locality: Russia, Altai Krai, 100 km SE of Barnaul, Sommaren, near Paniusheva on Alei River.
Vernacular Names: Altai Zokor.
Synonyms: Myospalax incertus Ognev 1936; Myospalax komurai Mori 1927; Myospalax laxmanni Sherskey 1873; Myospalax tarbagataicus Ognev 1936.
Distribution: Altai Mtns and upper basin of Ob and Irtysh River drainages in S Russia, and E Kazakhstan (entire N region of Cisaltai plain and foothills as well as the W and C Altai; see Ognev, 1947).
Conservation: IUCN - Lower Risk (lc).
Discussion: M. myospalax species group. As part of a study of 25 extant rodent genera, morphology and schmelzmuster of rootless molars in M. myospalax and their relation to jaw movement were documented (Koenigswald et al., 1994). Gambaryan and Gasc (1993) presented a cinefluorographiccal, anatomical, and biomechanical analyses of burrowing in M. myospalax to reveal the adaptive properties of its musculoskeletal system. See account of M. aspalax for chromosomal contrasts.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Spalacidae, pp. 907-926 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 907, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Myospalax psilurus Milne-Edwards 1874
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Spalacidae
Myospalax
Myospalax psilurus

description: Myospalax psilurus Milne-Edwards 1874
Myospalax psilurus Milne-Edwards 1874, Rech. Hist. Nat. Mammiferes: 126.
Type Locality: China, Chihli (= Hebei), south of Beijing.
Vernacular Names: North China Zokor.
Synonyms: Myospalax epsilanus Thomas 1912; Myospalax spilurus (Trouessart 1897).
Distribution: Agricultural fields and grasslands from NE and C China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, Henan, N Shaanxi, Ningxia, N Gansu, and Anhui; see Zhang et al., 1997) to SE Mongolia (Sokolov and Orlov, 1980), and adjacent parts of Russia in the Amur region.
Conservation: IUCN - Lower Risk (nt) as M. epsilanus, Lower Risk (lc) as M. psilurus.
Discussion: M. psilurus species group. Sole member of group, which is defined, except for rootless hypsodonty, by retention of the greatest number of primitive traits of any Myospalax studied by Lawrence (1991). The status of the taxon epsilanus (type locality, N Manchuria, Khingan Mtns, 3400 ft) has been variously interpreted. It was described as a species (Thomas, 1912 b) but subsequently included in M. myospalax (Corbet, 1978 c) or in M. psilurus (Ellerman, 1941; Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951; Gromov and Erbajeva, 1995; Ognev, 1947). Lawrence (1991) recognized epsilanus as a separate species, the most primitive of the M. myospalax species group, which also includes Pliocene and Pleistocene fossil species. Her viewpoint has been incorporated into mammalian checklists (Musser and Carleton, 1993; Pavlinov and Rossolimo, 1998; Pavlinov et al., 1995 a; Wang, 2003), but not all Chinese researchers have discriminated the two (Zhang et al., 1997; Zheng, 1994). Both Thomas (1912 c) and Ognev (1947) noted morphological traits distinguishing epsilanus from psilurus, but Ognev did not regard them as persuasive specific differences; furthermore, the characters used by Lawrence (1991) to separate the two are qualitative in nature and may reflect individual or geographic variation. Until a more rigorous revision and documentation of geographic variation are provided to illuminate the significance of the contrasting features recorded by Ognev (1947) and Lawrence (1991), we follow Ognev’s arrangement. See account of M. aspalax for chromosomal contrasts.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Spalacidae, pp. 907-926 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 907, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Dissimilation as Local Conjunction
Creators: name: Alderete, John
Publisher: name: GLSA, University of Massachusetts
Year: 1997

description: While the OCP has been an essential tool in describing the distribution of phonological features, a fundamental problem arises when it is applied to the analysis of dissimilation processes and segmental cooccurrence restrictions. Such phenomena typically rule out more than one *marked* element in a domain; but the OCP says nothing about the markedness of the elements involved. To account for the correlation between activity in a process and the markedness of target and trigger, adjunct theories of feature specification are required, but these theories have been shown to have many unsatisfactory consequences, essentially because unmarked features can be active in ways that do not involve the OCP. In this paper, the problem of correctly correlating phonological activity and markedness is handled with the following proposal: dissimilation results from the force of markedness constraints, self-conjoined in a local context. Because of the role of markedness in the proposal, the correlation between activity in a process and the markedness of target and trigger is directly explained, as in Smolensky 1993. Further, the approach to dissimilation as local self-conjunction resolves two additional problems identified for the traditional verison of the OCP. First, the proposal straightforwardly generalizes to cases of dissimilation which are not represented in autosegmental phonology. Second, dissimilation as local conjunction provides a natural account of the inactivity of coronals in Place cooccurrence restrictions: the analysis stems from the equation, marked segments = active segments; because coronals are unmarked relative to a harmony scale, they are inactive in dissimilation.
title: Can We Integrate Items into Models? Knowledge Editing to Align LLMs with Product Catalogs
Creators: name: Wagne, Ahmadou
name: Neidhardt, Julia
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: knowledge editing
large language models
conversational recommender systems

description: This study explores the potential of knowledge editing techniques to enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) for Conversational Recommender Systems (CRS). While LLMs like GPT, Llama, and Gemini have advanced conversational capabilities, they face challenges in representing dynamic, real-world item catalogs, often leading to inaccuracies and hallucinations in recommendations. This research preliminarily investigates whether knowledge editing can address these limitations by updating the internal knowledge of LLMs, thereby improving the accuracy of product information without full model retraining. Using the open-source Llama2 model, we apply two knowledge editing methods (GRACE and r-ROME) on a dataset of notebook listings. Our findings demonstrate improvements in the model’s ability to accurately represent product features, with r-ROME achieving the highest gain, while not decreasing model efficiency. The study highlights the perspective of utilizing knowledge editing to enhance CRS and suggests future work to explore broader applications and impacts on recommender systems performance.
Cannomys Thomas 1915
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Spalacidae
Cannomys

description: Cannomys Thomas 1915
Cannomys Thomas 1915, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 16: 57.
Type Species: Rhizomys badius Hodgson 1841
Species and subspecies: 1 species:
Species Cannomys badius (Hodgson 1841)
Discussion: The sister-genus of Rhizomys, a relationship based on cladistic analyses of skeletal and dental traits (Flynn, 1990). No fossil Cannomys have been identified.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Spalacidae, pp. 907-926 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 907, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Ocalea shaanxiensis Pace, 2012, n. sp.
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Ocalea
Ocalea shaanxiensis

description: Ocalea shaanxiensis n. sp.
(Figg.15 e 77-79)
Materiale tipico:
Holotypus ♂, China: Shaanxi, Qin Ling Shan, 33°45'N 107°56'E, autoroute Km 93 S of Zhouzhi, 23 Km SW Xian, mountain forest, sifted, 1650 m, 1-2.IX.1995, leg. A. Pütz (SMTD).
Paratypi: 9 es., stessa provenienza (SMTD).
Descrizione:
Lunghezza 3,3 mm. Corpo lucido e bruno-rossiccio, margine posteriore dei tre uroterghi liberi basali e pigidio rossicci, antenne e zampe giallo-rossicce. Secondo antennomero più corto del primo, terzo lungo quanto il secondo, quarto a ottavo più lunghi che larghi, nono e decimo lunghi quanto larghi. Occhi molto più corti delle tempie. Reticolazione del corpo assente. Punteggiatura di capo e pronoto molto superficiale, quella delle elitre fitta ed evidente, quella dell’addome poco fitta, fine ben visibile. Edeago figg. 77-78, spermateca fig. 78.
Comparazioni:
Per la forma dell’edeago, la nuova specie è simile a O. himalayica Cameron, 1939 dell’India, di cui ho esaminato della serie tipica 1 ♂ e 1 ♀ raccolti a Gahan il IX.1921 da Cameron. La nuova specie se ne distingue per la «crista apicalis» più saliente di quella di himalayica, per l’assenza di introflessione apicale del bulbo distale della spermateca (profonda in himalayica), per la parte prossimale della stessa spermateca descrivente una spira e mezzo (una sola spira in himalayica) e per la parziale striatura interna della parte intermedia della spermateca della nuova specie (senza striatura in himalayica).
Etimologia:
La nuova specie prende nome dal toponimo Shaanxi.
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2012, Biodiversità delle Aleocharinae della Cina: Hygronomini e Oxypodini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 125-163 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 (1) on pages 138-139, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.62.1.125-163, http://zenodo.org/record/5872933
Have Faith in Syntax
Creators: name: Bakovic, Eric
name: Keer, Edward
Publisher: name: CSLI Pub­li­ca­tions.
Year: 1997

description: In this paper we argue that syntactic optionality is best understood in Optimality Theory in terms of faithfulness constraints regulating input-output disparity with respect to purely formal properties of syntactic structures. Specifically, we propose that the three forms of object relative clause in English shown in (a-c) below are the result of high-ranking faithfulness to a formal property we call "operator type". Any structural output constraints violated by the three forms are overridden in the typical Optimality-theoretic way by higher-ranked faithfulness.a. the man who Bill sawb. the man that Bill sawc. the man Bill sawThe absence of the equivalent of (a) in Norwegian is then argued to be the result of lower-ranking faithfulness. We explore some consequences of this particular analysis, including the factorial typology of the constraints employed, and contrast this faithfulness approach to optionality with two other approaches in the OT Syntax literature. We conclude that the faithfulness approach is more satisfactory than other approaches, both empirically and theoretically.
Belostoma elongatum Montandon 1908
Creators: name: Mazzucconi, Silvia Ana
name: Reyes, Cristina Armúa De
name: Estévez, Ana Lía
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Belostomatidae
Belostoma
Belostoma elongatum

description: Belostoma elongatum Montandon, 1908
Belostoma elongatum Montandon, 1908: Ann. Mus. hist.-nat. hung., 299.
Material examined. Itatí RS: 1 ♂, 28–31.iii.2014. Laguna Iberá RS: 5 ♂, 5 ♀, Fernández Lagoon, 11.xii.2014. San Ignacio RS: 1 ♂, Reserva Privada Don Luis, Monte Don Luis, roadside ditches, 27°52.015’S, 56°54.914’W, 5.iii.2015. San Nicolás RS: 2 ♂, 13–15.xii.2013. Yahaveré RS: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Medina Lagoon, 13.xii.2014; 2 ♂, Trin Lagoon, 12.xii.2014.
General distribution. Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay (Moreira et al. 2011b).
Habitat. Belostoma elongatum has been found in ditches, ponds (densely vegetated), marshes, lakes, lagoons (densely vegetated), and in quiet edges of streams and rivers (Armúa de Reyes & Estévez 1999; Armúa de Reyes et al. 2006; Poi de Neiff & Neiff 2006; Ribeiro 2007; Armúa de Reyes & Kehr 2008). This species has also been taken at lights (Almeida et al. 2019).
At the INR, specimens were collected from the margins of the Iberá Lagoon (Estévez & Armúa de Reyes 2003; Estévez et al. 2003). During the present study, specimens were collected from the margins with dense floating, emergent, and submerged vegetation in unshaded lentic habitats (Fernández Lagoon, Medina Lagoon and Trin Lagoon), and in standing water of lotic habitats. It was also collected at the margins of a shaded roadside ditch without aquatic vegetation.
description: Published as part of Mazzucconi, Silvia Ana, Reyes, Cristina Armúa De & Estévez, Ana Lía, 2022, Aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Iberá Natural Reserve (Corrientes Province, Argentina), pp. 451-505 in Zootaxa 5104 (4) on pages 475-476, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6332126
Ocalea erlangensis Pace, 2012, n. sp.
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Ocalea
Ocalea erlangensis

description: Ocalea erlangensis n. sp.
(Figg. 16 e 80-82)
Materiale tipico:
Holotypus ♂, China: Sichuan, Erlang Shan, ca. 3000 m, 19.V.1997, 29°52'N 102°17'E, leg. A. Pütz (SMTD).
Paratypi: 6 es., China: W-Sichuan, Ya’an Prefecture, Tianquan Co., W Erlang Shan Pass, 2900 m, 20.VI.1999, 29°52'36"N 102°17'82"E, leg. A. Pütz (SMTD).
Descrizione:
Lunghezza 6 mm. Corpo lucido e nero, antenne nere con base degli antennomeri secondo e terzo rossiccia, zampe rossicce. Secondo antennomero lungo quanto il primo, terzo più lungo del secondo, quarto a decimo più lunghi che larghi. Occhi lunghi quanto le tempie. Reticolazione di capo e pronoto forte, quella delle elitre molto superficiale, quella dell’addome molto trasversa ed evanescente. Punteggiatura dell’avancorpo fitta, fine e superficiale, sull’addome fitta ed evidente. Debole solco mediano e fossetta trasversa basale del pronoto. Quinto urotergo libero del ♂ con carena mediana basale. Edeago figg. 81-82, spermateca fig. 80.
Comparazioni:
Per la forma dell’edeago, la nuova specie è simile a O. himalayica Cameron, 1939 dell’India, di cui ho esaminato della serie tipica 1 ♂ e 1 ♀ raccolti a Gahan il IX.1921 da Cameron. Se ne distingue per l’edeago diversamente arcuato al lato ventrale, con pezzo copulatore dell’armatura genitale interna dell’edeago stretto e lungo (assente in himalayica). La spermateca della nuova specie presenta la parte prossimale descrivente una spira e mezzo, mentre in himalayica si trova una sola spira. I tre penultimi antennomeri sono più lunghi che larghi nella nuova specie, trasversi in himalayica.
Etimologia:
La nuova specie prende nome dal Monte Erlang. Shan significa monte.
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2012, Biodiversità delle Aleocharinae della Cina: Hygronomini e Oxypodini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 125-163 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 (1) on page 139, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.62.1.125-163, http://zenodo.org/record/5872933
Belostoma loprettoae Estevez & Armua de Reyes 2003
Creators: name: Mazzucconi, Silvia Ana
name: Reyes, Cristina Armúa De
name: Estévez, Ana Lía
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Belostomatidae
Belostoma
Belostoma loprettoae

description: Belostoma loprettoae Estévez & Armúa de Reyes, 2003
Belostoma loprettoae Estévez & Armúa de Reyes, 2003: Facena, 125–127.
Material examined. Galarza RS: 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Luna Lagoon, sample 1, 17.iv.2013; 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Luna Lagoon, sample 3, 17.iv.2013; 1 ♂, 4 ♀, Isirí Stream near Luna Lagoon, sample 7, 17.iv.2013; 2 ♂, Galarza Lagoon, sample 1, 18.iv.2013; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, flood-prone areas in Hermanos Fleita field, 18.iv.2013. San Nicolás RS: 1 ♂, 13–15.xii.2013.
General distribution. Argentina (Coscarón 2017).
Habitat. Nothing is known about the habitat associations of B. loprettoae, except that it was found in the Laguna Iberá in Corrientes Province, Argentina, in association with Pistia stratiotes, Salvinia sp., Egeria densa and Pontederia crassipes (Estévez & Armúa de Reyes 2003; Armúa et al. 2011). During the present study, this species was collected from the unshaded margins with dense floating, emergent, and submerged vegetation (mainly Pontederia crassipes, Salvinia biloba, Egeria densa and Nymphoides indica) in Galarza Lagoon and Luna Lagoon, and in flood-prone areas with unshaded margins with dense emergent vegetation. It was also collected in standing water along the moderately shaded margins of Isirí Stream, with dense floating, emergent, and submerged vegetation (mainly S. biloba).
description: Published as part of Mazzucconi, Silvia Ana, Reyes, Cristina Armúa De & Estévez, Ana Lía, 2022, Aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Iberá Natural Reserve (Corrientes Province, Argentina), pp. 451-505 in Zootaxa 5104 (4) on page 476, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6332126
Porocallus Sharp 1888
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Porocallus

description: Porocallus SHARP, 1888
Nuova sinonimia e nuova combinazione:
La pubblicazione di un lavoro sul genere Porocallus Sharp, 1888, descritto per il Giappone (Assing, 2001) mi permette ora di stabilire la seguente sinonimia:
Porocallus Sharp, 1888: 287
Platysmarthrusa Pace, 1999: 107, syn. n.
Di conseguenza va stabilita la seguente nuova combinazione:
Porocallus chinensis (Pace, 1999), comb. n.
Platysmarthrusa chinensis Pace, 1999: 108
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2012, Biodiversità delle Aleocharinae della Cina: Hygronomini e Oxypodini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 125-163 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 (1) on page 140, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.62.1.125-163, http://zenodo.org/record/5872933
PUBLIC/PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY OF CONTRIBUTORY PENSION SCHEME IN NIGERIA
Creators: name: Dieke, Chukwuemeka Christopher
name: Prof. Emeka, Nnamani
name: Prof. Elizabeth, Okechukwu
Publisher: name: AMERICA SERIEL JOURNAL
Year: 2025
Subjects: Public/Private Sector, Sustainability, Contributory Pension, Scheme & Maintenance Costs.

description: The study evaluated the public/private sector involvement and sustainability of contributory pension scheme in Nigeria. The specific objectives are to: examine the relationship between contributory pension scheme and maintenance costs of the employees and assess the relationship between defined benefit scheme and operational safety of the employees.  The study used a descriptive survey design. It also adopted simple random sampling technique in selecting the sample unit and the population of the study was two hundred and seventy-one (271) comprising of retirees and potential retirees from Enugu metropolis. The whole population was used due to small number. A total of 259 respondents returned the questionnaire accurately filled.  Data were presented and analyzed using mean score and standard deviation using Sprint Likert Scale. The hypotheses were analyzed using t - test. The findings indicated that contributory pension scheme had significant positive relationship with the maintenance costs of the employees t(95,n= 259), 9.098, p. > .05. Defined benefit scheme had significant positive relationship with the operational safety of the employees t(95,n= 259), 9.987, p. > .05. The study concluded that contributory pension scheme and Defined benefit scheme has relationship with the maintenance costs and operational safety of the employees. The study recommended among others. The management of both government and private organizations should participate effectively in contributory pension scheme as this will provide an avenue for all citizens to take control of their financial destinies
Porocallus sinensis Pace, 2012, n. sp.
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Porocallus
Porocallus sinensis

description: Porocallus sinensis n. sp.
(Figg. 83-84)
Materiale tipico:
Holotypus ♀, China: Guangxi, Da Ming Shan, 1300 m, 12.V.1998, leg. J. Fellowes (IRSNB).
Descrizione:
Lunghezza 5,1 mm. Avancorpo opaco, addome lucido. Corpo lucido e nero, margine posteriore dei tre uroterghi liberi basali bruno-rossiccio, antenne rossicce con antennomero basale bruno e undicesimo giallo-rossiccio, zampe rossicce con femori nero-bruni. Secondo antennomero lungo quanto il primo, terzo lungo quanto il secondo, quarto a ottavo più lunghi che larghi, nono e decimo lunghi quanto larghi. Occhi più corti delle tempie. Reticolazione del corpo assente. Punteggiatura dell’avancorpo profonda, fine e fittissima, quella del fondo dei solchi trasversi basali forte. Spermateca fig. 84.
Comparazioni:
La nuova specie è distinta sia da P. insignis Sharp, 1888 del Giappone che da P. chinensis (Pace, 1999) della Cina, per il bulbo distale della spermateca assai ovale (emisferico nelle due specie a confronto) e per il pronoto fortemente trasverso (poco trasverso nelle altre specie).
Etimologia:
La nuova specie prende nome dalla Cina.
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2012, Biodiversità delle Aleocharinae della Cina: Hygronomini e Oxypodini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 125-163 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 (1) on page 140, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.62.1.125-163, http://zenodo.org/record/5872933
Approximation and Exactness in Finite State Optimality Theory
Creators: name: Gerdemann, Dale
name: Van Noord, Gertjan
Publisher: name: COLING
Year: 2000

description: Previous work (Frank and Satta 1998; Karttunen, 1998) has shown that Optimality Theory with gradient constraints generally is not finite state. A new finite-state treatment of gradient constraints is presented which improves upon the approximation of Karttunen (1998). The method turns out to be exact, and very compact, for the syllabification analysis of Prince and Smolensky (1993).
Irmaria Cameron 1925
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Irmaria

description: Irmaria CAMERON, 1925
Nuova sinonimia e nuova combinazione:
Il mio esame della serie tipica di Irmaria nigra Cameron, 1925, specie tipo di Irmaria Cameron, 1925 di 10 esemplari così etichettati: “Sumatra, Si-Rambé, III.91 (1891)-XII.09 (1909), E. Modigliani, Irmaria nigra Cam, Type ” (Museo di Genova), mi permette di stabilire la seguente sinonimia:
Irmaria Cameron, 1925: 48
Ptochusa Pace, 2006: 366, syn. n.
Una nuova combinazione consegue:
Irmaria nepalensis (Pace, 2006), comb. n.
Ptochusa nepalensis Pace, 2006: 366
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2012, Biodiversità delle Aleocharinae della Cina: Hygronomini e Oxypodini (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 125-163 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 62 (1) on pages 140-141, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.62.1.125-163, http://zenodo.org/record/5872933
Cannomys badius
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Spalacidae
Cannomys
Cannomys badius

description: Cannomys badius (Hodgson 1841)
[Rhizomys] badius Hodgson 1841, Calcutta J. Nat. Hist., 2: 60.
Type Locality: Nepal.
Vernacular Names: Lesser Bamboo Rat.
Synonyms: Cannomys castaneus (Blyth 1843); Cannomys lönnbergi Gyldenstolpe 1917; Cannomys minor (Gray 1842); Cannomys pater Thomas 1915; Cannomys plumbescens Thomas 1915.
Distribution: E Nepal, through NE India (West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Nagaland, and Mizoram; Agrawal, 2000), Bhutan, SE Bangladesh, Burma (Ellerman, 1961), S China (SW Yunnan; Zhang et al., 1997), NW Vietnam (Dang et al., 1994), Thailand (J. T. Marshall, Jr., 1977 a; Robinson et al., 1995), and Cambodia; see Kock and Posamentier (1983) and Lekagul and McNeely (1977).
Conservation: IUCN - Lower Risk (lc).
Discussion: Reviewed by Corbet and Hill (1992). Regional faunal treatises provide informative accounts for populations in Thailand (J. T. Marshall, Jr., 1977 a), Burma (Ellerman, 1961), and China (G. M. Allen, 1940). Agrawal (2000) reviewed Indian populations and could find no significant differences in fur coloration and other traits among the three subspecies (castaneus, pater, and plumbescens) recognized by Ellerman (1961) and treated them as full synonyms of C. badius.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Spalacidae, pp. 907-926 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 907, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
On the Phonological Conditioning of Clitic Placement in Zapotec
Creators: name: Broadwell, George Aaron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia, Dept. of Linguistics
Year: 2000

description: Clitic placement in San Dionicio Ocotepec Zapotec is determined by a combination of syntactic and phonological factors. The most important of these is alignment with the edge of a phonological phrase. In an optimality-theoretic account, it is possible to rank some phonological alignment constraints above syntactic alignment constraints in a way that correctly accounts for the data. Alternatives which seek to derive clitic placement through syntactic movement operations face insuperable problems with the range of positions in which these clitics appear.
Belostoma plebejum
Creators: name: Mazzucconi, Silvia Ana
name: Reyes, Cristina Armúa De
name: Estévez, Ana Lía
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Belostomatidae
Belostoma
Belostoma plebejum

description: Belostoma plebejum (Stål, 1860)
Zaitha plebeja Stål, 1860: Svensk. Vet. Akad. Handl., 83–84.
Belostoma plebejum: Kirkaldy & Torre-Bueno, 1909: Proc. Ent. Soc. Washington, 192.
Material examined. San Ignacio RS: 1 ♂, 2–5.iii.2015. San Nicolás RS: 1♂, 13–15.xii.2013. Yahaveré RS: 1 ♀, Trin Lagoon, 12.xii.2014.
General distribution. Venezuela, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina, Uruguay (Moreira et al. 2011b).
Habitat. Belostoma plebejum has been found in urban rain pools (without aquatic vegetation), ponds (densely vegetated), lakes, lagoons (in vegetated margins), bogs, reservoirs, and in quiet edges of streams and rivers (Ribeiro 2005; Estévez & Polhemus 2007; Armúa de Reyes & Kehr 2008; Fontanarrosa et al. 2009; Almeida et al. 2019).
At the INR, B. plebejum was collected from the margins of the Iberá Lagoon in shallow waters with emergent and floating vegetation (Estévez et al. 2003). During the present study, this species was collected from the margins with dense floating, emergent, and submerged vegetation in lentic habitats and in standing water of lotic habitats.
description: Published as part of Mazzucconi, Silvia Ana, Reyes, Cristina Armúa De & Estévez, Ana Lía, 2022, Aquatic and semiaquatic Heteroptera (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Iberá Natural Reserve (Corrientes Province, Argentina), pp. 451-505 in Zootaxa 5104 (4) on page 477, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5104.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6332126
A denial: the death of Kurt Cobain
Creators: name: Donovan, Bree
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2015

description: Kurt Cobain (1967-1994) musician, artist songwriter, and founder of The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame band, Nirvana, was dubbed, “the voice of a generation”; a moniker he wore like his faded cardigan sweater, but with more than some distain. Cobain’s journey to the top of the Billboard charts was much more Dickensian than many of the generations of fans may realize. During his all too short life, Cobain struggled with physical illness, poverty, undiagnosed depression, a broken family, and the crippling isolation and loneliness brought on by drug addiction.   Cobain may have shunned the idea of fame and fortune but like many struggling young musicians (who would become his peers) coming up in the blue collar, working class suburbs of Aberdeen and Tacoma Washington State, being on the cover of Rolling Stone magazine wasn’t a nightmare image. Cobain, with his unkempt blond hair, polarizing blue eyes, and fragile appearance is a modern-punk-rock Jesus; a model example of the modern-day hero.    The musician- a reluctant hero at best, but one who took a dark, frightening journey into another realm, to emerge stronger, clearer headed and changing the trajectory of his life.  Cobain intended to walk away from his world-famous band, devoted fans, the grueling life of touring, millions of dollars and a demanding and at times belittling wife. Cobain wanted out.  He wanted to pursue other avenues of music, and have a more peaceful life for himself and his baby daughter, Frances Bean. Cobain never had the chance to realize those simple, yet unattainable dreams.
title: 043b- Garde municipal de Paris, célibataire
title: 043b- City police sergeant from Paris, single
Creators: name: Généro, Jean-Damien
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Images et édition numérique (XML, LaTeX, PDF) de *Garde municipal de Paris célibataire [précis d'une monographie par Joseph Paviez]*, série 1, vol. 5, fasc. 2 (1883), monographie n°43b, 1885, p. 300-305.
description: Source: https://ouvriersdeuxmondes.huma-num.fr/monographie/garde-municipal-paris-43b
description: date: 1883-1885
Rhizomys pruinosus Blyth 1851
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Spalacidae
Rhizomys
Rhizomys pruinosus

description: Rhizomys pruinosus Blyth 1851
Rhizomys pruinosus Blyth 1851, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 20: 519.
Type Locality: India, Cherrapunji, Khasi Hills.
Vernacular Names: Hoary Bamboo Rat.
Synonyms: Rhizomys latouchei Thomas 1915; Rhizomys pannosus Thomas 1915; Rhizomys prusianus Shih 1930; Rhizomys senex Thomas 1915; Rhizomys umbriceps Thomas 1916.
Distribution: S China (Yunnan, Ghizhou, Sichuan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, and Fujian; Zhang et al., 1997), NE India (Meghalaya, Nagaland, and Manipur; Agrawal, 2000), E Burma, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam (Dang et al., 1994), south to Perak on Malay Peninsula (Chasen, 1940; Medway, 1969); 1000 to 4000 m in mountains.
Conservation: IUCN - Lower Risk (lc).
Discussion: Reviewed by Corbet and Hill (1992). Good regional reviews exist for India (Agrawal, 2000), Burma (Ellerman, 1961), Thailand (J. T. Marshall, Jr., 1977 a), and China (G. M. Allen, 1940).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Spalacidae, pp. 907-926 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 907, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Empathy building, erroneous judgments, and free indirect discourse in Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice
Creators: name: Fomich, Nikolai
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2015

description: This thesis will examine the precise ways in which British novelist Jane Austen uses free indirect discourse in her fiction writing, by closely analyzing a passage from her most famous novel, Pride and Prejudice. This analysis will be based in linguistics, looking at the technical aspects of the language she uses in this passage, such as her deictic expressions and verb usage, to determine exactly how Austen crafts this moment of free indirect discourse. This paper will also explore the reasons why Austen chose to use this particular literary technique in her fiction. Finally, this thesis will touch upon the nature of the relationship between character and third-person narrator in free indirect discourse, which has been the subject of critical debate.
Health reform in the US
Creators: name: Gilbride, Megan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2015

description: This paper examines health care reform in the United States with a focus on the passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) in 2010. Examining past and current trends in health care in the United States, this paper analyzes why health care reform was possible in 2010 when attempts to reform the health care system have failed in the past. Four years after the passage of the ACA, key provisions of the law are beginning to take effect, and the rate of uninsured Americans has dropped. However, public opinion about health reform continues to waver. Relying on support from contemporary accounts from the media, private sector surveys, government releases and commentary from health care scholars, this paper argues that opponents of health care reform used strategic arguments to capitalize on the existing disapproval for health care reform to further dissuade public support and create anxiety about the new law.