cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extended Quantum XOR Gate in Terms of Two-Spin Interactions
Creators: name: Mozyrsky, Dima
name: Privman, Vladimir
name: Hotaling, Steven P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considerations of feasibility of quantum computing lead to the study of multispin quantum gates in which the input and output two-state systems (spins) are not identical. We provide a general discussion of this approach and then propose an explicit two-spin interaction Hamiltonian which accomplishes the quantum XOR gate function for a system of three spins: two input and one output.
description: 15 pages in plain TeX with 1 Postscript figure
Universal role of curvature in vacuum entanglement
Creators: name: K, Hari
name: Barman, Subhajit
name: Kothawala, Dawood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We highlight some universal features concerning the role of spacetime curvature in the entanglement induced between quantum probes coupled to a quantum field in a suitable vacuum state. The probes are initially causally disconnected and non-entangled. We explore the parameter space $\{ω, d_0, \boldsymbol{v}_0\}$ spanned by the energy gap $ω$ of the detectors, and the initial values of separation distance $d_0$ and relative velocity $\boldsymbol{v}_0$, both covariantly defined in arbitrary curved spacetime. We also obtain numerical results in de Sitter spacetimes and use these to explore strong curvature regime, while also corroborating our perturbative results in arbitrary curved spacetime. Our analysis shows that curvature can induce entanglement features in certain regions of the above parameter space, in a manner which facilitates using entanglement as a probe of spacetime curvature.
description: Published in PRD, 28 pages and 15 figures
Gravitational wave as probe of superfluid dark matter
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Liu, Tong-Bo
name: Wang, Shao-Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, superfluid dark matter (SfDM) has become a competitive model of emergent modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) scenario: MOND phenomenons naturally emerge as a derived concept due to an extra force mediated between baryons by phonons as a result of axionlike particles condensed as superfluid at galactic scales; Beyond galactic scales, these axionlike particles behave as normal fluid without phonon-mediated MOND-like force between baryons, therefore SfDM also maintains the usual success of $Λ$CDM at cosmological scales. In this paper, we use gravitational waves (GWs) to probe the relevant parameter space of SfDM. GWs through Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) could propagate with a speed slightly deviation from the speed-of-light due to the change in the effective refractive index, which depends on the SfDM parameters and GW-source properties. We find that Five hundred meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST), Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA) are the most promising means as GW probe of relevant parameter space of SfDM. Future space-based GW detectors are also capable of probing SfDM if a multimessenger approach is adopted.
description: v1, 10 pages, 2 figures, two columns; v2, 12 pages, 2 figures, two columns, references are added, a summary for GW velocity constraints is added, a discussion on Shapiro time delay is added; v3, 13 pages, 2 figures, two columns, final version to match the published version
Additional file 1: of Investigation into the role of the germline epigenome in the transmission of glucocorticoid-programmed effects across generations
Creators: name: Cartier, Jessy
name: Smith, Thomas
name: Thomson, John
name: Rose, Catherine
name: Batbayar Khulan
name: Heger, Andreas
name: Meehan, Richard
name: Drake, Amanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary methods. ERRBS on germ cells. Figure S1. 5mC profiling in sperm. Figure S2. DNA methylation in the developing germline is unaffected by Dex treatment across the genome. Figure S3. DNA methylation in the developing germline is unaffected by Dex treatment: reproducibility and power calculations. Figure S4. sRNA-Seq analysis is sufficiently powered to detect differential expression. Figure S5. F1-sperm sRNA expression shows consistent lack of affect for Dex treatment for two quantification methods. Figure S6. Fold changes between Dex and Veh sRNA expression and histone methylation and are not correlated. (PDF 1566 kb)
EU-Russia Security Relations: Old Problems in a New International System
Creators: name: Tavani, Sara
Publisher: name: University of Turin
Year: 2019
Subjects: European Union, Russia, security, unbalanced strategic relationship, integration

description: Since the Cold War ending, relations between Europe and Russia have progressively lost their sense of direction and experienced an ever more complicated phase, especially worrisome in the security field. In the unstable international system which followed the end of bipolarism, Euro-Russian security relations failed to be institutionalised and the European Union continued to refer to NATO as its primary security guarantee. This article argues that the current East-West European security dialogue raises difficulties already faced during the Cold War years, as the CSCE negotiation knots demonstrate. Specifically, the central issue remains the unbalanced strategic relationship between the European countries and Russia, which still lies unresolved due to the continue lack of a major European political and military integration. Dalla fine della Guerra fredda, le relazioni tra Europa e Russia hanno progressivamente perso il loro sensodi direzione e sono entrate in una fase sempre più complicata, preoccupante soprattutto nel settore della sicurezza. Nell’instabile sistema internazionale seguito alla fine del bipolarismo, le relazioni di sicurezza euro-russe non sono state istituzionalizzate e l’Unione Europea ha continuato a fare riferimento alla NATO come prima garanzia di sicurezza. Questo articolo evidenzia come l’attuale dialogo Est-Ovest sulla sicurezza europea sollevi difficoltà già affrontate durante gli anni della guerra fredda, come dimostrano i nodi negoziali della CSCE. In particolare, il problema centrale continua a risiedere nello squilibrio strategico tra paesi europei e Russia, il quale rimane irrisolto a causa della continua mancanza di una sostanziale integrazione politico-militare europea. Parole chiave: Unione Europea, Russia, sicurezza, squilibrio strategico, integrazione
description: De Europa, Vol 2, No 2 (2019)
Predicated Diffusion: Predicate Logic-Based Attention Guidance for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models
Creators: name: Sueyoshi, Kota
name: Matsubara, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diffusion models have achieved remarkable results in generating high-quality, diverse, and creative images. However, when it comes to text-based image generation, they often fail to capture the intended meaning presented in the text. For instance, a specified object may not be generated, an unnecessary object may be generated, and an adjective may alter objects it was not intended to modify. Moreover, we found that relationships indicating possession between objects are often overlooked. While users' intentions in text are diverse, existing methods tend to specialize in only some aspects of these. In this paper, we propose Predicated Diffusion, a unified framework to express users' intentions. We consider that the root of the above issues lies in the text encoder, which often focuses only on individual words and neglects the logical relationships between them. The proposed method does not solely rely on the text encoder, but instead, represents the intended meaning in the text as propositions using predicate logic and treats the pixels in the attention maps as the fuzzy predicates. This enables us to obtain a differentiable loss function that makes the image fulfill the proposition by minimizing it. When compared to several existing methods, we demonstrated that Predicated Diffusion can generate images that are more faithful to various text prompts, as verified by human evaluators and pretrained image-text models.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables, ~500 images, ~30MB
Conformal field theories and compact curves in moduli spaces
Creators: name: Donagi, Ron
name: Morrison, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that there are many compact subsets of the moduli space $M_g$ of Riemann surfaces of genus $g$ that do not intersect any symmetry locus. This has interesting implications for $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric conformal field theories in four dimensions.
description: Update acknowledging recent developments
Essays on value and valuation in mergers and acquisitions
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Business enterprises -- Valuation

description: This dissertation contains three chapters. Chapter one discusses the relevant literature;
description: chapter two examines the value and valuation of merged firms in the long run; and chapter
description: three investigates which type of investors is more likely to drive prices away from fundamentals.
description: In chapter one, I review the relevant literature on mergers and acquisitions that addresses two fundamental questions: Do mergers create value? What drives mergers? I first summarize extant evidence on both short-horizon and long-run stock performance of mergers and discuss three possible explanations for long-run abnormal returns. I further review the motives for mergers from behavioral, neoclassical and agency perspectives. In chapter two, I address the question of whether mergers create value in the long run by examining changes in intrinsic values (estimated using the residual income model). The results indicate that overvalued (high price-to-value) value (low price-to-book) firms experience a significant increase in intrinsic value following mergers. In contrast, undervalued (low price-to-value) glamour (high price-to-book) firms suffer a significant loss in intrinsic value. The results are consistent with value-firm managers using their overvalued equity to make prudent acquisitions that increase intrinsic value while glamour-firm managers overextrapolate past good performance and destroy firm value when using their undervalued equity to make acquisitions. In chapter three, I examine which investor type, institutional versus individual, is more likely to be responsible for the overvaluation of acquiring firms, assuming, consistent with prior work and interpretation, that acquirers are, on average, overvalued. The findings can be summarized as follows. First, stock acquirers exhibit high valuation levels at the quarter end before announcement. Second, institutional investors are net buyers of acquiring firms in the three years prior to acquisition. Third, changes in valuation and institutional demand over the same pre-merger periods are positively strongly correlated in the cross-section even after controlling for institutional momentum trading. Last, abnormal returns in the post-merger period are inversely related to institutional demand in the pre-merger period. Overall, my findings suggest that institutional investors, rather than individual investors, are more likely to drive misvaluations that encourage companies to exploit their overvalued equity in making acquisitions.
FU Orionis - The MIDI/VLTI Perspective
Creators: name: Quanz, Sascha P.
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Bouwman, Jeroen
name: Ratzka, Thorsten
name: Leinert, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first mid-infrared interferometric measurements of FU Orionis. We clearly resolve structures that are best explained with an optically thick accretion disk. A simple accretion disk model fits the observed SED and visibilities reasonably well and does not require the presence of any additional structure such as a dusty envelope. The inclination and also the position angle of the disk can be constrained from the multibaseline interferometric observations. Our disk model is in general agreement with most published near-infrared interferometric measurements. From the shape and strength of the 8-13 micrometer spectrum the dust composition of the accretion disk is derived for the first time. We conclude that most dust particles are amorphous and already much larger than those typically observed in the ISM. Although the high accretion rate of the system provides both, high temperatures out to large radii and an effective transport mechanism to distribute crystalline grains, we do not see any evidence for crystalline silicates neither in the total spectrum nor in the correlated flux spectra from the inner disk regions. Possible reasons for this non-detection are mentioned. All results are discussed in context with other high-spatial resolution observations of FU Ori and other FU Ori objects. We also address the question whether FU Ori is in a younger evolutionary stage than a classical TTauri star.
description: 41 pages (aastex style), 11 figures, 8 tables, accepted by ApJ
Magnetic skyrmion bubble motion driven by surface acoustic waves
Creators: name: Nepal, Rabindra
name: Güngördü, Utkan
name: Kovalev, Alexey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical control of a magnetic skyrmion bubble by using counter-propagating surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in a ferromagnet. First, we determine the bubble mass and derive the force due to SAWs acting on a magnetic bubble using Thiele's method. The force that pushes the bubble is proportional to the strain gradient for the major strain component. We then study the dynamical pinning and motion of magnetic bubbles by SAWs in a nanowire. In a disk geometry, we propose a SAWs-driven skyrmion bubble oscillator with two resonant frequencies.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
“Russophobia” in Official Russian Political Discourse
Creators: name: Robinson, Neil
Publisher: name: University of Turin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Russophobia, Russian foreign policy, Putin, official Russian political discourse

description: The charge of Russophobia has been made increasingly frequently against Western critics of Russia in the last few years. Much of this criticism has been made by Russian media and commentators rather than by high officials of the Russian state. There have been several studies of this media use of accusations of Russophobia and it has generally been asserted that the charge of Russophobia is part of a concerted propaganda effort by the Russian state. There has, however, been little examination of the use of Russophobia by top Russian politicians. This article examines the use of Russophobia by President Vladimir Putin as well as by top officials of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and in communiques of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. It finds that there has been only minor changes in the allegations of Russophobia by senior Russian politicians. The article looks at why Russophobia became a more prevalent accusation in Russian politics generally and at why there has been a difference in the accusations of Russophobia made by the media and in official political discourse. Negli ultimi anni l’accusa di russofobia è stata assunta sempre più frequentemente contro i critici occidentali della Russia. Gran parte di questa critica è stata formulata dai media e dai commentatori russi piuttosto che dagli alti funzionari dello Stato russo. Ci sono stati diversi studi sull’uso da parte dei media delle accuse di russofobia ed è stato generalmente affermato che l’accusa di russofobia fa parte di uno sforzo di propaganda concertato da parte dello Stato russo. C’è stato, tuttavia, un piccolo esame dell’uso della russofobia da parte dei migliori politici russi. Questo articolo esamina l’uso della russofobia da parte del presidente Vladimir Putin, nonché da alti funzionari del Ministero degli Affari esteri e nei comunicati di questo dicastero. Si ritiene che ci siano stati solo piccoli cambiamenti nelle accuse di russofobia da parte di alti politici russi. L’articolo esamina il motivo per cui la russofobia è diventata un’accusa più diffusa nella politica russa in generale e perché c’è stata una differenza nelle accuse della russofobia avanzate dai media e nel discorso politico ufficiale. Parole chiave: Russofobia, politica estera russa, Putin, discorso politico ufficiale russo
description: De Europa, Vol 2, No 2 (2019)
Theoretical and experimental study of attenuation in cancellous bone
Creators: name: Xu, Wenyi
name: Xie, Weiya
name: Yu, Dong
name: Sun, Haohan
name: Gu, Ying
name: Tao, Xingliang
name: Qian, Menglu
name: Cheng, Liming
name: Wang, Hao
name: Cheng, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoacoustic (PA) technology can provide information on both the physical structure and chemical composition of bone, showing great potential in bone assessment. However, due to the complex composition and porous structure of cancellous bone, the PA signals generated and propagated in cancellous bone are complex and difficult to be directly used in cancellous bone analysis. In this paper, a photoacoustic differential attenuation spectrum (PA-DAS) method is proposed. By eliminating the PA spectrum of the optical absorption sources, the propagation attenuation characteristics of cancellous bone are studied theoretically and experimentally. An analytical solution for the propagation attenuation of broadband ultrasound waves in cancellous bone is given by applying high-frequency and viscous corrections to Biot's theory. An experimental system of PA-DAS with an eccentric excitation differential detection system is established to obtain the PA-DAS of cancellous bone and its acoustic propagation characteristic on the rabbit osteoporosis model. The PA-DAS quantization parameter slope is further extracted to quantify the attenuation of high and low frequency components. The results show that the PA-DAS can distinguish osteoporotic bone from normal bone, enabling quantitative assessment of bone mineral density and the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Lettre de François Rozier à Jean-François Séguier, 1774-02-19
Creators: name: Rozier, François
name: Rozier, François
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Agriculture, agronomie
Librairie

description: [transcription] Paris 19 février 1774

Monsieur

Ma reconaissance égale le plaisir que me procure la lecture de l'excellent ouvrage que vous avez eu la bonté de m'envoyer. Recevez, je vous prie, mes sincères remercimens. Je ferai en sorte d'en rendre compte dans mon cahier de mars.

Vous avez eu la bonté de faire une collation des plans de vignes de vos environs. Pourriez-vous m'en faire le sacrifice, parce que j'ai enfin trouvé un homme zélé qui me donne du terrein, faits [sic] tous les frais, enfin qui a écrit à 189 endroits différens du royaume pour avoir les plans de vigne avec leurs noms. Ce brave homme est M. Cochin intendant des finances. Plusieurs sont déjà arrivés et comme les plans des environs de Paris doivent être compris dans le nombre, il n'est pas possible que j'aie une collection plus complette et plus exacte que celle que vous aurez faite.

Je vous demande donc des crocettes de chaque espèce, si vous n'avez pas des plans enracinés, 2° écrire le nom de chaque espèce sur un parchemin et de le rouler sur le sarment. 3° de faire un [fol. 4665v] paquet du tout, enveloppé de paille et d'avoir la bonté de me l'envoyer par votre messager.

Je crains que ma demande soit indiscrette, le motif est mon excuse.

M. Pankouke a accepté la traite que vous m'avez adressé sur lui pour votre souscription au Journal de physique.

Je suis avec la considération la plus respectueuse,

Monsieur

Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur

Rozier
description: [personnes citées] Auguste Henri Cochin, Charles Joseph Panckoucke
description: [reférence bibliographique citée] Rozier François, Journal d'observations sur la physique, l'histoire naturelle et sur les arts et métiers, au Bureau du journal de physique, Paris, à part
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Lyon, Bibliothèque municipale [cote]ms. Charavay 791, fol. 4665
Socio-economic status, student perceptions and college readiness
Creators: name: Matthews, Catherine E.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Academic Achievement

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the differences between low socio-economic students and their peers' attitudes about achievement, perceptions of their teachers' supportive behaviors, academic performance and college readiness and to analyze how these factors are related. Approximately 2100 students in grade 11 from two large school districts were surveyed using academic self-perception, motivation selfregulation, and concrete achievement attitude scales and the Teacher Support Scale Revised. This information was linked to demographic and academic performance data. Correlations and analysis of variance were conducted on the variables disaggregated by gender and ethnic grouping. Multiple regression was conducted on the demographic, academic performance, achievement attitude, and perception variables to determine the amount of variation in college readiness which could be accounted for by each variable. The results showed that, while socio-economic status is correlated with achievement attitudes, student perceptions, academic performance and college readiness, the relationship between these variables varies by gender and ethnic grouping. Further student perceptions were not as strongly related to academic performance or college readiness as achievement attitudes.
Temperature dependence of the magnon-phonon interaction in high overtone bulk acoustic resonator-ferromagnetic thin film hybrids
Creators: name: Müller, Manuel
name: Weber, Johannes
name: Goennenwein, Sebastian T. B.
name: Kusminskiy, S. Viola
name: Gross, Rudolf
name: Althammer, Matthias
name: Huebl, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tailored magnon-phonon hybrid systems, where high overtone bulk acoustic resonators couple resonantly to the magnonic mode of a ferromagnetic thin film, are considered optimal for the creation of acoustic phonons with a defined circular polarization. This class of devices is therefore ideal for the investigation of phonon propagation properties and assessing their capacity to transport angular momentum in the classical and potentially even in the quantum regime. Here, we study the coupling between the magnons in a ferromagnetic \ch{Co25Fe75} thin film and the transverse acoustic phonons in a bulk acoustic wave resonators formed by the sapphire substrate onto which the film is deposited. Using broadband ferromagnetic resonance experiments as a function of temperature, we investigate the strength of the coherent magnon-phonon interaction and the individual damping rates of the magnons and phonons participating in the process. This demonstrates that this coupled magnon-phonon system can reach a cooperativity $C\approx 1$ at cryogenic temperatures. Our experiments also showcase the potential of strongly coupled magnon-phonon systems for strain sensing applications.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
The Fears of Jean Monnet and of Wolfgang Schäuble
Creators: name: Preda, Daniela
Publisher: name: University of Turin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Fears, Jean Monnet, Wolfgang Schäuble, European Union, European integration

description: The article proposes a re-reading of two important men for an integrated Europe, men who, in salient moments in the history of European integration, have proposed reflections and actions for the progress of the joint construction, fearful not only of possible external threats, but also of how a “non-integration” was detrimental to Europe. L’articolo propone una rilettura di due uomini importanti per l’Europa integrata, uomini che, in momenti salienti della storia dell’integrazione europea hanno proposto riflessioni e azioni per il procedere della costruzione comuntaria, timorosi non solo di eventuali minacce esterne, ma anche di quanto una “non integrazione” fosse di danno all’Europa. Parole chiave : paure, Jean Monnet, Wolfgang Schäuble, Unione Europea, integrazione europea
description: De Europa, Vol 2, No 2 (2019)
How do social, cultural and educational attitudes towards disability affect families of children with disabilities and there by affect the opportunities and daily experiences of people with disabilities in Kerala- India?
Creators: name: Antony, Pavan John
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Students with disabilities
Kerala
India
Public Opinion

description: This study identifies the social, cultural and educational attitudes towards disability in the state of Kerala, India. Twelve individuals, parents of children with disabilities, living in different socioeconomic status and possessing different educational qualifications participated in the study. Qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews and observations were used for the research. In a society where people are classified according to their socioeconomic status, this research has revealed some important factors that need to be considered by professionals, policy makers and the public, while working with families and children with disabilities. Findings reveal that families and children with disabilities belonging to upper, middle and lower class, educated, less educated and uneducated families face common challenges. The participants who took part in the study and their children with disabilities were not only unaware of their rights related to disability or inclusive education but were also unaware about the actual diagnosis of their children and the impact of it on their future. All the participants have the common belief that their children will be dependent upon their parents or siblings for their entire life. Lack of opportunities in the community for people with disabilities is due to the lack of awareness among public about different types of disabilities. Implementing inclusive education is the only way to create awareness, bring in change and thus build an inclusive community.
Stars caught in the braking stage in young Magellanic Clouds clusters
Creators: name: D'Antona, Francesca
name: Milone, Antonino P.
name: Tailo, Marco
name: Ventura, Paolo
name: Vesperini, Enrico
name: Di Criscienzo, Marcella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The color-magnitude diagrams of many Magellanic Cloud clusters (with ages up to 2 billion years) display extended turnoff regions where the stars leave the main sequence, suggesting the presence of multiple stellar populations with ages which may differ even by hundreds million years (Mackey et al. 2008, Milone et al. 2009, Girardi et al. 2011). A strongly debated question is whether such an extended turnoff is instead due to populations with different stellar rotations (Girardi et al. 2011, Goudfrooij et al. 2011, Rubele et al. 2013, Li et al. 2014). The recent discovery of a `split' main sequence in some younger clusters (about 80--400Myr) added another piece to this puzzle. The blue (red) side of the main sequence is consistent with slowly (rapidly) rotating stellar models (D'Antona et al. 2015, Milone et al. 2016, Correnti et al. 2017, Milone et al 2016), but a complete theoretical characterization of the observed color-magnitude diagram appeared to require also an age spread (Correnti et al. 2017). We show here that, in three clusters so far analyzed, if the blue main sequence stars are interpreted with models that have been always slowly rotating, they must be about 30% younger than the rest of the cluster. If they are instead interpreted as stars initially rapidly rotating, but that have later slowed down, the age difference disappears, and "braking" also helps to explain the apparent age differences of the extended turnoff. The age spreads in Magellanic Cloud clusters are a manifestation of rotational stellar evolution. Observational tests are suggested.
description: Accepted for publication and in state of Advance Online Publication (from 24 July 2017) on Nature Astronomy
Additional file 4: of Deciphering viral presences: two novel partial giant viruses detected in marine metagenome and in a mine drainage metagenome
Creators: name: Andreani, Julien
name: Verneau, Jonathan
name: Raoult, Didier
name: Levasseur, Anthony
name: Scola, Bernard La
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Marine metagenome proteins predicted. GenemarkS was used to predict de novo proteins from 111 â Rickettsiales Bacteriumâ contigs. (PDF 2040 kb)
A novel MEMS-based micro heat engine and operating cycle
Creators: name: Weiss, Leland W.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Microelectromechanical systems

description: This dissertation presents operating characteristics of a MEMS-based micro heat engine. The engine is shown to operate in two distinct modes. First, at sub-resonant frequencies, then at resonant frequencies. Each operating mode is shown to have distinct thermodynamic characteristics. Integration of a thermal switch is shown as an effective means to introduce heat or reject heat from the micro-engine. The engine is shown to operate from a constant temperature heat source via thermal switch operation. Additionally, use of the thermal switch to reject heat from the micro-engine results in the ability to increase operating speeds. This enables high frequency sub-resonant operation (beyond 100 Hz) and operation at resonant frequency. To improve micro-engine performance and power output at sub-resonant frequencies, several designs are considered. These include micro-engines constructed with both 25 mm2 and 100 mm2 top membranes. Maximum power output is 2.6 mW using a micro-engine constructed with a 100 mm2, 2 m thick silicon top membrane and evaporator membrane with 40 m high, SU-8 based fluid wicking structures. The maximum efficiency obtained is .15 % using a 25 mm2, 300 nm thick silicon-nitride top membrane and evaporator membrane with 10 m high, SU-8 based fluid wicking structures. Increasing operating speed to the micro-engine resonant frequency is shown to produce cycle work. The micro-engine produces up to 6.7 W of cyclic mechanical power when operating at a resonant frequency of 125 Hz.
Domain Wall Fermions and MC Simulations of Vector Theories
Creators: name: Vranas, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that domain wall fermions may be used in MC simulations of vector theories. The practicality and usefulness of such an implementation is investigated in the context of the vector Schwinger model, on a 2+1 dimensional lattice. Preliminary results of a Hybrid Monte Carlo simulation are presented.
description: Talk presented at LATTICE96(chirality in qcd), 3 pages in LaTex, 4 Postscript figures
Communication protocols and sensing coverage in mobile ad hoc and wireless sensor networks
Creators: name: Wang, Jiong
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Mobile communication systems

description: In recent years, Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have received tremendous attention due to their desired features of self-configuration and self-maintenance. To address and mitigate the problems such as Broadcast Storm, latency, and congestion, this thesis presents a routing protocol for MANETs and a data transport protocol for WSNs. In addition, the coverage problem in WSNs is discussed with innovative solutions. To address broadcast storm problems, stale route, faulty nodes and latency in MANETs, this thesis proposes a Fault resilient MANET Routing protocol, FaRM, in which a density-first route selection technique is used to select the most robust routes during route discovery. A local self-recovery mechanism is proposed for route maintenance. The performance evaluation based on ns-2 shows significant improvements in FaRM’s throughput, overhead, scalability and stability in demanding environments with high mobility and heavy traffic loads. WSNs are generally used for harsh environments involving military actions. Due to severe resource constraints in sensor nodes, including memory space, energy storage, and communication bandwidth, in-network data aggregation is needed. We propose a sensor-to-sink transport protocol, which is suitable for data aggregation and provides reliable upstream packet delivery by dynamically configuring inactive nodes as “monitors” to assist in quick loss detection and recovery. ns-2 based simulations confirm that the monitor-based transport protocol improves the throughput and data delivery rate with the intermittent traffic load and unpredictable node failures. The goal of deploying a large-scale WSN is to utilize those spatially-distributed autonomous sensors for monitoring certain physical and environmental conditions in a target area. This thesis proposes a topology control technique to configure a densely deployed network and a distributed algorithm to utilize sensors with variable sensing radii for optimal sensing coverage. In addition, a group-based technique is discussed to provide a general approach that can extend any 1-coverage algorithm into k-coverage. The performance comparisons confirmed that the proposed techniques reduce sensing energy consumption and maintain a sound coverage ratio for reliable surveillance.
Phylogeny, ancestral range reconstruction and partial taxonomic revision of Pacific Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae)
Creators: name: Clark, John Robert
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Cyrtandra -- Phylogeny

description: Cyrtandra J.R. & G.Forster (Gesneriaceae) is one of the most widely dispersed plant genera in southeast Asia and the Pacific. Species concepts are variable and characters used to differentiate species are minimally useful between lineages. Molecular-based approaches for interpreting relationships between areas and for assigning taxonomic rank have been proposed. As part of this dissertation, I conducted three independent but related studies to address relationships in Cyrtandra: 1) I first used a preliminary phylogeny of Cyrtandra to compare four methods of ancestral range reconstruction: two developed for character-state reconstruction (Fitch parsimony and stochastic mapping), and two developed for ancestral range reconstruction (dispersal-vicariance analysis and dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis). The methods yielded conflicting results, dependent upon their respective assumptions. Likelihood-based methods allowed analytical interpretation of results useful in evaluating reconstructions. Dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis was the most applicable in my study, possibly due to its incorporating distance and timing of connections between areas. 2) I used molecular phylogenetic, diversification rates, and ancestral range analyses to construct a well-resolved evolutionary hypothesis for Cyrtandra. Results support a greater Fiji-Samoa region, corresponding with Takhtajan s Fijian Region, as a major cross-roads for Cyrtandra in the Pacific. I also compared existing taxonomy to my hypothesis to better understand its applicability. Current classifications are partially artificial; I suggest that sectional classifications should be revised to reflect monophyletic lineages. Also, species-level relationships should be closely studied in relation to these lineages. 3) Finally, I conducted a study/review of Hawaiian Cyrtandra as a model for phylogenetic-based revision in this genus. Morphological groupings, taxon distributions and taxonomy are well described for Hawaiian Cyrtandra but conflict with the current phylogenetic hypothesis. To stabilize taxonomy for future revision, a preliminary key to current sections is proposed and five species previously not treated are presented and classified. Results from this and the previous two studies indicate that a phylogenetics-based approach to taxon revisions is most appropriate for understanding evolutionary relationships in unwieldy genera such as Cyrtandra. Future studies in this genus will benefit from comprehensive, population-level molecular analysis in well-studied areas such as Hawai i and from increased sampling in under-collected areas such as Fiji.
Spectral Multiplexing of Rare-earth Emitters in a Co-doped Crystalline Membrane
Creators: name: Ulanowski, Alexander
name: Früh, Johannes
name: Salamon, Fabian
name: Holzäpfel, Adrian
name: Reiserer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral addressing of many individual rare-earth dopants in optical resonators offers great potential for realizing distributed quantum information processors. To this end, it is required to understand and control the spectral properties of the emitters in micron-scale devices. Here, erbium emitters are investigated in a Fabry-Perot resonator which contains a ten-micrometer-thin membrane of crystalline yttrium orthosilicate that is co-doped with europium. The co-doping allows for tailoring the inhomogeneous distribution of the emitter frequency, which enables high-fidelity spectral multiplexing of more than 360 qubits with Purcell factors exceeding 35. At the same time, the optical coherence is preserved up to 0.62(3) ms under dynamical decoupling. Without decoupling, the coherence still reaches the lifetime limit for the emitters with the strongest Purcell enhancement that leads up to a 110-fold lifetime reduction, down to 0.104(9) ms. Future work may combine this with long-lived nuclear spin memories, which makes the investigated co-doped membranes a promising platform for quantum repeaters and distributed quantum computers.
Additional file 1: of Genomic architecture of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) shows expansions of innate immune genes and short tandem repeats
Creators: name: Tørresen, Ole
name: Brieuc, Marine
name: Solbakken, Monica
name: Sørhus, Elin
name: Nederbragt, Alexander
name: Kjetill Jakobsen
name: Sonnich Meier
name: Edvardsen, Rolf
name: Jentoft, Sissel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Note S1 and Table S1-S10. (PDF 595 kb)
Pion distribution amplitude from Euclidean correlation functions
Creators: name: Bali, Gunnar S.
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Gläßle, Benjamin
name: Göckeler, Meinulf
name: Gruber, Michael
name: Hutzler, Fabian
name: Korcyl, Piotr
name: Lang, Bernhard
name: Schäfer, Andreas
name: Wein, Philipp
name: Zhang, Jian-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the proposal in [1], we study the feasibility to calculate the pion distribution amplitude (DA) from suitably chosen Euclidean correlation functions at large momentum. In our lattice study we employ the novel momentum smearing technique [2,3]. This approach is complementary to the calculations of the lowest moments of the DA using the Wilson operator product expansion and avoids mixing with lower dimensional local operators on the lattice. The theoretical status of this method is similar to that of quasi-distributions [4], which has recently been applied to the same problem in [5]. The similarities and differences between these two techniques are highlighted.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Experimental status of quaternionic quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Brumby, S. P.
name: Joshi, G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of the logical foundations of quantum mechanics indicates the possibility of constructing a theory using quaternionic Hilbert spaces. Whether this mathematical structure reflects reality is a matter for experiment to decide. We review the only direct search for quaternionic quantum mechanics yet carried out and outline a recent proposal by the present authors to look for quaternionic effects in correlated multi-particle systems. We set out how such experiments might distinguish between the several quaternionic models proposed in the literature.
description: 8 pages, no figures, revtex. An update of paper appearing in journal reference given below, with minor amendments and latest additional references
Geometry of the set of quantum correlations
Creators: name: Goh, Koon Tong
name: Kaniewski, Jędrzej
name: Wolfe, Elie
name: Vértesi, Tamás
name: Wu, Xingyao
name: Cai, Yu
name: Liang, Yeong-Cherng
name: Scarani, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that correlations predicted by quantum mechanics cannot be explained by any classical (local-realistic) theory. The relative strength of quantum and classical correlations is usually studied in the context of Bell inequalities, but this tells us little about the geometry of the quantum set of correlations. In other words, we do not have good intuition about what the quantum set actually looks like. In this paper we study the geometry of the quantum set using standard tools from convex geometry. We find explicit examples of rather counter-intuitive features in the simplest non-trivial Bell scenario (two parties, two inputs and two outputs) and illustrate them using 2-dimensional slice plots. We also show that even more complex features appear in Bell scenarios with more inputs or more parties. Finally, we discuss the limitations that the geometry of the quantum set imposes on the task of self-testing.
description: 11 + 8 pages, 6 figures, v2: added an argument relating self-testing and extremality, v3: typos corrected, results unchanged, published version
Dark Matter Isocurvature from Curvature
Creators: name: Holst, Ian
name: Hu, Wayne
name: Jenks, Leah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isocurvature fluctuations, where the relative number density of particle species spatially varies, can be generated from initially adiabatic, or curvature, fluctuations if the various species fall out of or were never in thermal equilibrium. The freezing of the thermal relic dark matter abundance is one such case, but for modes that are still outside the horizon the amplitude is highly suppressed and originates from the small change in the local expansion rate due to the local space curvature produced by the curvature fluctuation. We establish a simple separate-universe method for calculating this generation that applies to both freeze-in and freeze-out models, identify three critical epochs for this process, and give general scaling behaviors for the amplitude in each case: the freezing epoch, the kinetic decoupling epoch and matter-radiation equality. Freeze-out models are typically dominated by spatially modulated annihilation from the latter epochs and can generate much larger isocurvature fluctuations compared with typical freeze-in models, albeit still very small and observationally allowed by cosmic microwave background measurements. We illustrate these results with concrete models where the dark matter interactions are vector or scalar mediated.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. v2 published in PRD
title: The empirical assessment of human trafficking in Washington State
title: Challenges, roadblocks, and barriers
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Jones, Tonisha Renee
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Human trafficking -- Washington (State)

description: The current research uses survey and interview data collected from key stakeholders in the anti- human trafficking field to examine difficulties associated with the empirical assessment of human trafficking in Washington State. Drawing from human trafficking literature and conflict, feminist, and inter-organizational collaboration theories, this study investigates: 1) education concerning and working knowledge of human trafficking in Washington State; 2) defining human trafficking; 3) identifying human trafficking; 4) working with victims of human trafficking; 5) working with offenders of human trafficking, and, 6) working with other agencies in the anti-human trafficking effort. Specifically, this study asks the research question: What makes the empirical assessment of the activity of human trafficking so difficult? Results of this research indicate that limited education and training on the topic of human trafficking, a lack of use of a comprehensive definition defining the activity, difficulty identifying human trafficking activities, limited work with victims and offenders of human trafficking, and limited strategic inter- organizational collaboration of key respondents in the anti-human trafficking field contribute to difficulties in empirically assessing the activity. Theoretical and policy implications are discussed and future research directions are proposed.