cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gate-controlled neuromorphic functional transition in an electrochemical graphene transistor
Creators: name: Yu, Chenglin
name: Li, Shaorui
name: Pan, Zhoujie
name: Liu, Yanming
name: Wang, Yongchao
name: Zhou, Siyi
name: Gao, Zhiting
name: Tian, He
name: Jiang, Kaili
name: Wang, Yayu
name: Zhang, Jinsong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neuromorphic devices have gained significant attention as potential building blocks for the next generation of computing technologies owing to their ability to emulate the functionalities of biological nervous systems. The essential components in artificial neural network such as synapses and neurons are predominantly implemented by dedicated devices with specific functionalities. In this work, we present a gate-controlled transition of neuromorphic functions between artificial neurons and synapses in monolayer graphene transistors that can be employed as memtransistors or synaptic transistors as required. By harnessing the reliability of reversible electrochemical reactions between C atoms and hydrogen ions, the electric conductivity of graphene transistors can be effectively manipulated, resulting in high on/off resistance ratio, well-defined set/reset voltage, and prolonged retention time. Overall, the on-demand switching of neuromorphic functions in a single graphene transistor provides a promising opportunity to develop adaptive neural networks for the upcoming era of artificial intelligence and machine learning.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
title: Fish protein extract enhances clinical response to salvage chemotherapy  in colon cancer patients
Creators: name: Proietti, Sara
name: Cucina, Alessandra
name: Giuliani, Alessandro
name: Verna, Roberto
name: Palombi, Edoardo
name: Bava, Pier Mario
name: Pensotti, Andrea
Publisher: name: Organisms. Journal of Biological Sciences
Year: 2018

description: Salvage treatment for advanced colon cancer, despite a high rate in objective clinical response, provides no significant benefit in terms of increased survival when compared to supportive care. Zebrafish embryo extracts have been shown to re-activate apoptotic mechanisms in resistant cancer cells and to counteract chemotherapy-induced side effects, both in in vitro and in vivo studies. The present pilot, observational trial compares both safety and overall survival in two randomized groups of advanced colon cancer patients treated with Regorafenib as salvage therapy versus Regorafenib plus Synchro Levels®, a food supplement containing a peptide mix. At 12 months, a statistically significant increase in survival was observed in the latter group (75% versus 33.3%). Similarly, in Synchro Levels® treated patients Performance Status is largely preserved during the treatment, whereas it declines rapidly in the Regorafenib group.  Overall, this data suggests that Synchro Levels® may improve the clinical response of salvage therapy, by both modulating drug responsiveness and counteracting drug-related side effects. Further larger, randomized trials are warranted to confirm such promising preliminary results.
description: Organisms. Journal of Biological Sciences, V. 2, N. 2 (2018)
The mechanical relaxation study of polycrystalline MgCNi3
Creators: name: Yao, Y. X.
name: Ying, X. N.
name: Huang, Y. N.
name: Wang, Y. N.
name: Ren, Z. A.
name: Che, G. C.
name: Wen, H. H.
name: Zhao, Z. X.
name: Ding, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanical relaxation spectra of a superconducting and a non-superconducting MgCNi3 samples were measured from liquid nitrogen temperature to room temperature at frequency of kilohertz. There are two internal friction peaks (at 300 K labeled as P1 and 125 K as P2) for the superconducting sample. For the non-superconducting one, the position of P1 shifts to 250 K, while P2 is almost completely depressed. It is found that the peak position of P2 shifts towards higher temperature under higher measuring frequency. The calculated activation energy is 0.13eV. We propose an explanation relating P2 to the carbon atom jumping among the off-center positions. And further we expect that the behaviors of carbon atoms maybe correspond to the normal state crossovers around 150 K and 50 K observed by many other experiments.
description: 4 figures
Fault Diagnosis and Prognosis Capabilities for Wind Turbine Hydraulic Pitch Systems
Creators: name: Dallabona, Alessio
name: Blanke, Mogens
name: Pedersen, Henrik C.
name: Papageorgiou, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Wind energy is the leading non-hydro renewable technology. Increasing reliability is a key factor in reducing the downtime of high-power wind turbines installed in remote off-shore places, where maintenance is costly and less reactive. Defects in the pitch system are responsible for up to 20% of a wind turbine downtime.Thus, monitoring such defects is essential for avoiding it. This paper presents a generic assessment of the diagnosis capabilities in hydraulic pitch systems, which are used in high-power wind turbines. A mathematical model of the non-linear system dynamics is presented along with a description of the most frequent faults that occur. Structural analysis is used to assess which defects can be detected in the pitch system. The structural properties are furthermore explored to investigate the possibility of reducing the amount of sensors without compromising the fault diagnosis capabilities. Robustness to model uncertainty is finally addressed and generic principles for estimating the detectable magnitude of wear and tear are presented.
Additional file 1 of High frequency of methotrexate intolerance in longstanding rheumatoid arthritis: using the methotrexate intolerance severity score (MISS)
Creators: name: Amaral, Jéssica Martins
name: Brito, Maria José Menezes
name: Kakehasi, Adriana Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Brazilian Portuguese version of the MISS questionnaire
Provable Non-Convex Optimization and Algorithm Validation via Submodularity
Creators: name: Bian, Yatao An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Submodularity is one of the most well-studied properties of problem classes in combinatorial optimization and many applications of machine learning and data mining, with strong implications for guaranteed optimization. In this thesis, we investigate the role of submodularity in provable non-convex optimization and validation of algorithms. A profound understanding which classes of functions can be tractably optimized remains a central challenge for non-convex optimization. By advancing the notion of submodularity to continuous domains (termed "continuous submodularity"), we characterize a class of generally non-convex and non-concave functions -- continuous submodular functions, and derive algorithms for approximately maximizing them with strong approximation guarantees. Meanwhile, continuous submodularity captures a wide spectrum of applications, ranging from revenue maximization with general marketing strategies, MAP inference for DPPs to mean field inference for probabilistic log-submodular models, which renders it as a valuable domain knowledge in optimizing this class of objectives. Validation of algorithms is an information-theoretic framework to investigate the robustness of algorithms to fluctuations in the input/observations and their generalization ability. We investigate various algorithms for one of the paradigmatic unconstrained submodular maximization problem: MaxCut. Due to submodularity of the MaxCut objective, we are able to present efficient approaches to calculate the algorithmic information content of MaxCut algorithms. The results provide insights into the robustness of different algorithmic techniques for MaxCut.
description: PhD thesis of Yatao (An) Bian; It is about continuous submodular optimization and algorithm validation
Additional file 2 of Prognostic models for knee osteoarthritis: a protocol for systematic review, critical appraisal, and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhong, Jingyu
name: Si, Liping
name: Zhang, Guangcheng
name: Huo, Jiayu
name: Xing, Yue
name: Hu, Yangfan
name: Zhang, Huan
name: Yao, Weiwu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. PROSPERO registration (CRD42020203543).
title: Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Handbook: Comprehensive Methodologies for Forest Monitoring and Biomass Estimation
Creators: name: Flores, Africa
name: K. Herndon
name: Rajesh Thapa
name: Emil Cherrington
Publisher: name: NASA
Year: 2019

description: This Handbook main objective is to translate knowledge gained from decades of research in SAR into practical guidance to countries on how SAR can be used for forest monitoring and biomass estimation. This Handbook represents a joint contribution from the U.S. government-led SilvaCarbon initiative, and the joint NASA-USAID SERVIR program, to support global capacity building endeavors for forest monitoring.
Lorentz-violating dispersion relations and threshold analyses
Creators: name: Lehnert, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Remnant low-energy effects of Planck-scale Lorentz breaking in candidate fundamental theories typically include modified one-particle dispersion relations. Theoretical constraints on such modifications are discussed leading to the exclusion of a variety of previously considered Lorentz-violating parameters. In particular, the fundamental principle of coordinate independence, the role of an effective dynamical framework, and the conditions of positivity and causality are investigated.
description: 10 pages, invited talk presented at the 3rd International Symposium on Quantum Theory and Symmetries (QTS3), Cincinnati, Ohio, 10-14 Sep 2003
Decoupling Judgment and Decision Making: A Tale of Two Tails
Creators: name: Oral, Başak
name: Dragicevic, Pierre
name: Telea, Alexandru
name: Dimara, Evanthia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Is it true that if citizens understand hurricane probabilities, they will make more rational decisions for evacuation? Finding answers to such questions is not straightforward in the literature because the terms judgment and decision making are often used interchangeably. This terminology conflation leads to a lack of clarity on whether people make suboptimal decisions because of inaccurate judgments of information conveyed in visualizations or because they use alternative yet currently unknown heuristics. To decouple judgment from decision making, we review relevant concepts from the literature and present two preregistered experiments (N=601) to investigate if the task (judgment vs. decision making), the scenario (sports vs. humanitarian), and the visualization (quantile dotplots, density plots, probability bars) affect accuracy. While experiment 1 was inconclusive, we found evidence for a difference in experiment 2. Contrary to our expectations and previous research, which found decisions less accurate than their direct-equivalent judgments, our results pointed in the opposite direction. Our findings further revealed that decisions were less vulnerable to status-quo bias, suggesting decision makers may disfavor responses associated with inaction. We also found that both scenario and visualization types can influence peoples judgments and decisions. Although effect sizes are not large and results should be interpreted carefully, we conclude that judgments cannot be safely used as proxy tasks for decision making, and discuss implications for visualization research and beyond.
Munidopsis solidissima Macpherson 2007
Creators: name: Baba, Keiji
name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Poore, Gary C. B.
name: Ahyong, Shane T.
name: Bermudez, Adriana
name: Cabezas, Patricia
name: Lin, Chia-Wei
name: Nizinski, Martha
name: Rodrigues, Celso
name: Schnabel, Kareen E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Galatheidae
Munidopsis
Munidopsis solidissima

description: Munidopsis solidissima Macpherson, 2007
 Munidopsis solidissima Macpherson, 2007: 100, fig. 46 (SE Madagascar, 3825 m).
Type data: holotype, female, MNHN Ga 1428.
Type locality: Madagascar, 31º52´S, 48º28.8´E, 3825 m.
description: Published as part of Baba, Keiji, Macpherson, Enrique, Poore, Gary C. B., Ahyong, Shane T., Bermudez, Adriana, Cabezas, Patricia, Lin, Chia-Wei, Nizinski, Martha, Rodrigues, Celso & Schnabel, Kareen E., 2008, Catalogue of squat lobsters of the world (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura-families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae), pp. 1-220 in Zootaxa 1905 (1) on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1905.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134587
Work function, deformation potential, and collapse of Landau levels in strained graphene and silicene
Creators: name: Grassano, D.
name: D'Alessandro, M.
name: Pulci, O.
name: Sharapov, S. G.
name: Gusynin, V. P.
name: Varlamov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic {\it ab initio} study of the work function and its uniform strain dependence for graphene and silicene for both tensile and compressive strains. The Poisson ratios associated with armchair and zigzag strains are also computed. Based on these results, we obtain the deformation potential, crucial for straintronics, as a function of the applied strain. Further, we propose a particular experimental setup with a special strain configuration that generates only the electric field, while the pseudomagnetic field is absent. Then, applying a real magnetic field, one should be able to realize experimentally the spectacular phenomenon of the collapse of Landau levels in graphene or related two-dimensional materials.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures; final version published in PRB
Additional file 1 of Comparison of mini-open repair system and percutaneous repair for acute Achilles tendon rupture
Creators: name: Li, Yong
name: Jiang, Qiang
name: Chen, Hua
name: Xin, Hongkui
name: He, Qing
name: Ruan, Dike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Supplement Table 1. Multivariate analysis results in Mini-open repair group
GRB 030227: the first multiwavelength afterglow of an INTEGRAL GRB
Creators: name: Castro-Tirado, A. J.
name: Gorosabel, J.
name: Guziy, S.
name: Reverte, D.
name: Cerón, J. M. Castro
name: Postigo, A. de Ugarte
name: Tanvir, N.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Tiengo, A.
name: Buckle, J.
name: Sagar, R.
name: Pandey, S. B.
name: Mohan, V.
name: Masetti, N.
name: Mannucci, F.
name: Feltzing, S.
name: Lundstrom, I.
name: Pedersen, H.
name: Riess, C.
name: Trushkin, S.
name: Vilchez, J.
name: Lund, N.
name: Brandt, S.
name: Nunez, S. Martinez
name: Reglero, V.
name: Perez-Ramirez, M. D.
name: Klose, S.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Kaper, L.
name: Pian, E.
name: Palazzi, E.
name: Andersen, M. I.
name: Fruchter, A.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Jensen, B. L.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Rhoads, J.
name: Rol, E.
name: Vreeswijk, P. M.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
name: Heuvel, E. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multiwavelength observations of a gamma-ray burst detected by INTEGRAL (GRB 030227) between 5.3 hours and ~1.7 days after the event. Here we report the discovery of a dim optical afterglow (OA) that would not have been detected by many previous searches due to its faintess (R~23). This OA was seen to decline following a power law decay with index Alpha_R= -0.95 +/- 0.16. The spectral index Beta_opt/NIR yielded -1.25 +/- 0.14. These values may be explained by a relativistic expansion of a fireball (with p = 2.0) in the cooling regime. We also find evidence for inverse Compton scattering in X-rays.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
SN 2021adxl: A luminous nearby interacting supernova in an extremely low metallicity environment
Creators: name: Brennan, S. J.
name: Schulze, S.
name: Lunnan, R.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Yan, L.
name: Fransson, C.
name: Irani, I.
name: Melinder, J.
name: Chen, T. -W.
name: De, K.
name: Fremling, C.
name: Kim, Y. -L.
name: Perley, D.
name: Pessi, P. J.
name: Drake, A. J.
name: Graham, M. J.
name: Laher, R. R.
name: Masci, F. J.
name: Purdum, J.
name: Rodriguez, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SN 2021adxl is a slowly evolving, luminous, Type IIn supernova with asymmetric emission line profiles, similar to the well-studied SN 2010jl. We present extensive optical, near-ultraviolet, and near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy covering ~1.5 years post discovery. SN 2021adxl occurred in an unusual environment, atop a vigorously star-forming region that is offset from its host galaxy core. The appearance of Ly-alpha, O II, as well as the compact core, would classify the host of SN 2021adxl as a Blueberry galaxy, analogous to the higher redshift Green Pea galaxies. Using several abundance indicators, we find a metallicity of the explosion environment of only 10% solar, the lowest reported metallicity for a Type IIn SN environment. SN 2021adxl reaches a peak magnitude of r ~ -20.2 mag and since discovery, SN 2021adxl has faded by only ~4 magnitudes in the r band with a cumulative radiated energy of ~1.5e50 erg over 18 months. SN 2021adxl shows strong signs of interaction with a complex circumstellar medium, seen by the detection of X-rays, revealed by the detection of coronal emission lines, and through multi-component hydrogen and helium profiles. In order to further understand this interaction, we model the Hα profile using a Monte-Carlo electron scattering code. The blueshifted high-velocity component is consistent with emission from a radially thin, spherical shell resulting in the broad emission components due to electron scattering. Using the velocity evolution of this emitting shell, we find that the SN ejecta collide with circumstellar material of at least 5 Msun, assuming a steady-state mass-loss rate of 4-6e-3 Msun per year for the first ~200 days of evolution. Continuing the observations of SN 2021adxl may reveal signatures of dust formation or an infrared excess, similar to that seen for SN 2010jl.
description: 21 pages with 27 Figures. Accepted for publication to A&A. MC line scattering code can be found at https://github.com/Astro-Sean/escatter
Light-dressing of a diatomic superconducting artificial molecule
Creators: name: Fedorov, G. P.
name: Yursa, V. B.
name: Efimov, A. E.
name: Shiianov, K. I.
name: Dmitriev, A. Yu.
name: Rodionov, I. A.
name: Dobronosova, A. A.
name: Moskalev, D. O.
name: Pishchimova, A. A.
name: Malevannaya, E. I.
name: Astafiev, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we irradiate a superconducting artificial molecule composed of two coupled tunable transmons with microwave light while monitoring its state via joint dispersive readout. Performing high-power spectroscopy, we observe and identify a variety of single- and multiphoton transitions. We also find that at certain fluxes, the measured spectrum of the system deviates significantly from the solution of the stationary Schrödinger equation with no driving. We reproduce these unusual spectral features by solving numerically the full master equation for a steady-state and attribute them to an Autler-Townes-like effect in which a single tone is simultaneously dressing the system and probing the transitions between new eigenstates. We show that it is possible to find analytically the exact frequencies at which the satellite spectral lines appear by solving self-consistent equations in the rotating frame. Our approach agrees well with both the experiment and the numerical simulation.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Intravenous iron isomaltoside versus oral iron supplementation for treatment of iron deficiency in pregnancy: protocol for a randomised, comparative, open-label trial
Creators: name: Markova, Veronika
name: Hansen, Rebecka
name: Thomsen, Lars Lykke
name: Pinborg, Anja
name: Moos, Torben
name: Holm, Charlotte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. . SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*
Generation of shear flows and vortices in rotating anelastic convection
Creators: name: Currie, Laura K.
name: Tobias, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effect of stratification on systematic, large-scale flows generated in anelastic convection. We present results from three-dimensional numerical simulations of convection in a rotating plane layer in which the angle between the axis of rotation and gravity is allowed to vary. This model is representative of different latitudes of a spherical body. We consider two distinct parameter regimes: (i) weakly rotating and (ii) rapidly rotating. In each case, we examine the effect of stratification on the flow structure and heat transport properties focussing on the difference between Boussinesq and anelastic convection. Furthermore, we show that regimes (i) and (ii) generate very different large-scale flows and we investigate the role stratification has in modifying these flows. The stratified flows possess a net helicity not present in the Boussinesq cases which we suggest, when combined with the self-generated shear flows, could be important for dynamo action.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Fluids
Anti-shielding Effect and Negative Temperature in Instantaneously Reversed Electric Fields and Left-Handed Media
Creators: name: Shen, Jian Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connections between the anti-shielding effect, negative absolute temperature and superluminal light propagation in both the instantaneously reversed electric field and the left-handed media are considered in the present paper. The instantaneous inversion of the exterior electric field may cause the electric dipoles into the state of negative absolute temperature and therefore give rise to a negative effective mass term of electromagnetic field (i. e., the electromagnetic field propagating inside the negative-temperature medium will acquire an imaginary rest mass), which is said to result in the potential superluminality effect of light propagation in this anti-shielding dielectric. In left-handed media, such phenomena may also arise.
description: 9 pages, Latex
Calorimetric tunneling study of heat generation in metal-vacuum-metal tunnel junction
Creators: name: Batko, I.
name: Batkova, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have proposed novel calorimetric tunneling (CT) experiment allowing exact determination of heat generation (or heat sinking) in individual tunnel junction (TJ) electrodes which opens new possibilities in the field of design and development of experimental techniques for science and technology. Using such experiment we have studied the process of heat generation in normal-metal electrodes of the vacuum-barrier tunnel junction (VBTJ). The results show there exists dependence of the mutual redistribution of the heat on applied bias voltage and the direction of tunnel current, although the total heat generated in tunnel process is equal to Joule heat, as expected. Moreover, presented study indicates generated heat represents the energy of non-equilibrium quasiparticles coming from inelastic electron processes accompanying the process of elastic tunneling.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX
An empirical model of Energetic Neutral Atom imaging of the heliosphere and its implications for future heliospheric missions at great heliocentric distances
Creators: name: Galli, Andre
name: Wurz, Peter
name: Fichtner, Horst
name: Futaana, Yoshifumi
name: Barabash, Stas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several concepts for heliospheric missions operating at heliocentric distances far beyond Earth orbit are currently investigated by the scientific community. The mission concept of the Interstellar Probe (McNutt et al. 2018), e.g., aims at reaching a distance of 1000 au away from the Sun within this century. This would allow the coming generation to obtain a global view of our heliosphere from an outside vantage point by measuring the Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) originating from the various plasma regions. It would also allow for direct sampling of unperturbed interstellar medium, and for many observation opportunities beyond heliospheric science, such as visits to Kuiper Belt Objects, a comprehensive view on the interplanetary dust populations, and infrared astronomy free from the foreground emission of the Zodiacal cloud. In this study, we present a simple empirical model of ENAs from the heliosphere and derive basic requirements for ENA instrumentation onboard a spacecraft at great heliocentric distances. We consider the full energy range of heliospheric ENAs from 10 eV to 100 keV because each part of the energy spectrum has its own merits for heliospheric science. To cover the full ENA energy range, two or three different ENA instruments are needed. Thanks to parallax observations, some insights about the nature of the IBEX Ribbon and the dimensions of the heliosphere can already be gained by ENA imaging from a few au heliocentric distance. To directly reveal the global shape of the heliosphere, measurements from outside the heliosphere are, of course, the best option.
description: Paper accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The origin of variational principles
Creators: name: Tulczyjew, Wlodzimierz M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70G75; 49S05; 70C20

description: This note presents an attempt to provide a conceptual framework for variational formulations of classical physics. Variational principles of physics have all a common source in the {\it principle of virtual work} well known in statics of mechanical systems. This principle is presented here as the first step in characterizing local stable equilibria of static systems. An extended analysis of local equilibria is given for systems with configuration manifolds of finite dimensions. Numerous examples of the principle of virtual work and the Legendre transformation applied to static mechanical systems are provided. Configuration spaces for the dynamics of autonomous mechanical systems and for statics of continua are constructed in the final sections. These configuration spaces are not differential manifolds.
description: 35 pages
TOPONIMIK FRAZEOLOGIYANIŃ BELGILENETUǴIN OBYEKTLER XARAKTERINE QARAY LINGVOKULTUROLOGIYALIQ ANALIZI
Creators: name: Urazimbetova, Gozzal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Bul maqalada toponim esaplanǵan frazeologizmler semantikasınıń milliy-mádeniy komponentin ajıratıw ha’mde olarda milliy mádeniyat haqqındaǵı maǵlıwmatlardıń bar ekenligin lingvoma’deniy  kózqarasınan úyreniw imkaniyatın beredi.
Munidopsis spinihirsuta Lloyd 1907
Creators: name: Baba, Keiji
name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Poore, Gary C. B.
name: Ahyong, Shane T.
name: Bermudez, Adriana
name: Cabezas, Patricia
name: Lin, Chia-Wei
name: Nizinski, Martha
name: Rodrigues, Celso
name: Schnabel, Kareen E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Galatheidae
Munidopsis
Munidopsis spinihirsuta

description: Munidopsis spinihirsuta Lloyd, 1907
 Munidopsis spinihirsuta Lloyd, 1907: 12 (off SE coast of Arabia, 900 m). — Baba, 2005: 296 (key, synonymies).
 Munidopsis (Munidopsis) spinihirsuta. — Tirmizi, 1966: 221, figs 33, 34 (South Arabian coast, 1046 m).
Type data: type not located, maybe in ZSIC.
Type locality: off SE coast of Arabia, 900 m.
description: Published as part of Baba, Keiji, Macpherson, Enrique, Poore, Gary C. B., Ahyong, Shane T., Bermudez, Adriana, Cabezas, Patricia, Lin, Chia-Wei, Nizinski, Martha, Rodrigues, Celso & Schnabel, Kareen E., 2008, Catalogue of squat lobsters of the world (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura-families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae), pp. 1-220 in Zootaxa 1905 (1) on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1905.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134587
Asymptotic behavior of cutoff effects in Yang-Mills theory and in Wilson's lattice QCD
Creators: name: Husung, Nikolai
name: Marquard, Peter
name: Sommer, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discretization effects of lattice QCD are described by Symanzik's effective theory when the lattice spacing, $a$, is small. Asymptotic freedom predicts that the leading asymptotic behavior is $\sim a^n [\bar g^2(a^{-1})]^{\hatγ_1} \sim a^n \left[\frac{1}{-\log(aΛ)}\right]^{\hatγ_1}$. For spectral quantities, $n=d$ is given in terms of the (lowest) canonical dimension, $d+4$, of the operators in the local effective Lagrangian and $\hatγ_1$ is proportional to the leading eigenvalue of their one-loop anomalous dimension matrix $γ^{(0)}$. We determine $γ^{(0)}$ for Yang-Mills theory ($n=2$) and discuss consequences in general and for perturbatively improved short distance observables. With the help of results from the literature, we also discuss the $n=1$ case of Wilson fermions with perturbative O$(a)$ improvement and the discretization effects specific to the flavor currents. In all cases known so far, the discretization effects are found to disappear faster than the naive $\sim a^n$ and the log-corrections are a rather weak modification -- in contrast to the two-dimensional O(3) sigma model.
On the Flux of Extra-Solar Dust in Earth's Atmosphere
Creators: name: Murray, Norman
name: Weingartner, Joe
name: Capobianco, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Micron size extrasolar dust particles have been convincingly detected by satellites. Larger extrasolar meteoroids (5-35 microns) have most likely been detected by ground based radar at Arecibo and New Zealand. We present estimates of the minimum detectable particle sizes and collecting areas for both radar systems. We show that particles larger than about 10 microns can propagate for tens of parsecs through the interstellar medium, opening up the possibility that ground based radar systems can detect AGB stars, young stellar objects such as T Tauri stars, and debris disks around Vega-like stars. We provide analytical and numerical estimates of the ejection velocity in the case of a debris disk interacting with a Jupiter mass planet. We provide rough estimates of the flux of large micrometeoroids from all three classes of sources. Current radar systems are unlikely to detect significant numbers of meteors from debris disks such as Beta Pictoris. However, we suggest improvements to radar systems that should allow for the detection of multiple examples of all three classes.
description: 62 pages, 8 figures, LaTeX, to appear in Astrophysical Journal
Entropy change at the martensitic transformation in ferromagnetic shape memory alloys Ni_{2+x}Mn_{1-x}Ga
Creators: name: Khovailo, V. V.
name: Oikawa, K.
name: Abe, T.
name: Takagi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entropy change $ΔS$ between the high-temperature cubic phase and the low-temperature tetragonally-based martensitic phase of Ni$_{2+x}$Mn$_{1-x}$Ga ($x = 0 - 0.20$) alloys was studied. The experimental results obtained indicate that $ΔS$ in the Ni$_{2+x}$Mn$_{1-x}$Ga alloys increases with the Ni excess $x$. The increase of $ΔS$ is presumably accounted for by an increase of magnetic contribution to the entropy change. It is suggested that the change in modulation of the martensitic phase of Ni$_{2+x}$Mn$_{1-x}$Ga results in discontinuity of the composition dependence of $ΔS$.
description: presented at MMM-47, to be published in J. Appl. Phys. (May 15, 2003)
Essentially Optimal Sparse Polynomial Multiplication
Creators: name: Giorgi, Pascal
name: Grenet, Bruno
name: Cray, Armelle Perret du
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a probabilistic algorithm to compute the product of two univariate sparse polynomials over a field with a number of bit operations that is quasi-linear in the size of the input and the output. Our algorithm works for any field of characteristic zero or larger than the degree. We mainly rely on sparse interpolation and on a new algorithm for verifying a sparse product that has also a quasi-linear time complexity. Using Kronecker substitution techniques we extend our result to the multivariate case.
description: 12 pages
Long-term evolution of FU Ori-type stars at infrared wavelengths
Creators: name: Kóspál, A.
name: Ábrahám, P.
name: Csizmadia, Sz.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FU Orionis-type stars form a small class of variable Young Stellar Objects, defined by an optical outburst of 5-6 mag followed by gradual fading on a timescale of decades. Since the phenomenon is connected to the circumstellar medium the infrared emission spectrum is also expected to change after the outburst. The fading phase after the outburst is well documented in the optical/near-infrared, but not at far-infrared wavelengths. We investigated the brightness evolution of 7 FU Orionis systems in the 1-200 μm wavelength range. We compiled spectral energy distributions (SEDS) using data from the Infared Space Observatory, 2MASS and MSX (these observations were performed around 1995-1998). These SEDs were compared with earlier ones based on IRAS photometry and ground-based observations carried out around 1983. During this period of 15 years some objects remained unchanged, while others became fainter, but only in the near- and mid-infrared part of the spectrum. Since the wavelength dependence of the fading provides crucial information on the physics of the phenomenon, we studied in detail the case of V1057 Cyg.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Baltic Astronomy
Additional file 10 of Genome compartmentalization predates species divergence in the plant pathogen genus Zymoseptoria
Creators: name: Feurtey, Alice
name: Lorrain, Cécile
name: Croll, Daniel
name: Eschenbrenner, Christoph
name: Freitag, Michael
name: Habig, Michael
name: Haueisen, Janine
name: Möller, Mareike
name: Schotanus, Klaas
name: Stukenbrock, Eva H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Figure S5. Simplified diagram of the pipeline used to predict the functions and subcellular localization of gene model products.
Munidopsis subspinoculata Pequegnat & Pequegnat 1971
Creators: name: Baba, Keiji
name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Poore, Gary C. B.
name: Ahyong, Shane T.
name: Bermudez, Adriana
name: Cabezas, Patricia
name: Lin, Chia-Wei
name: Nizinski, Martha
name: Rodrigues, Celso
name: Schnabel, Kareen E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Galatheidae
Munidopsis
Munidopsis subspinoculata

description: Munidopsis subspinoculata Pequegnat & Pequegnat, 1971
 Munidopsis spinoculata Pequegnat & Pequegnat, 1970: 158 (part).
 Munidopsis subspinoculata Pequegnat & Pequegnat, 1971: 6, 13, figs 7, 8 (Caribbean Sea, off Colombia and SW Gulf of Mexico, 732–823 m).
Type data: holotype, male, USNM 138233.
Type locality: Caribbean Sea, off Colombia, 732 m.
description: Published as part of Baba, Keiji, Macpherson, Enrique, Poore, Gary C. B., Ahyong, Shane T., Bermudez, Adriana, Cabezas, Patricia, Lin, Chia-Wei, Nizinski, Martha, Rodrigues, Celso & Schnabel, Kareen E., 2008, Catalogue of squat lobsters of the world (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura-families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae), pp. 1-220 in Zootaxa 1905 (1) on page 164, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1905.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134587
Additional file 11 of Genome compartmentalization predates species divergence in the plant pathogen genus Zymoseptoria
Creators: name: Feurtey, Alice
name: Lorrain, Cécile
name: Croll, Daniel
name: Eschenbrenner, Christoph
name: Freitag, Michael
name: Habig, Michael
name: Haueisen, Janine
name: Möller, Mareike
name: Schotanus, Klaas
name: Stukenbrock, Eva H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11: Figure S6. Functional gene categories in Zymoseptoria spp. genomes. A) The number of genes in Eggmapper COG categories in addition to Effectors and CAZymes. B) Pathogenicity-related genes of interest: secreted proteins, predicted effectors, secreted CAZymes and non-secreted CAZymes. C) Subcellular localization of predicted gene products.
Munidopsis spinifer
Creators: name: Baba, Keiji
name: Macpherson, Enrique
name: Poore, Gary C. B.
name: Ahyong, Shane T.
name: Bermudez, Adriana
name: Cabezas, Patricia
name: Lin, Chia-Wei
name: Nizinski, Martha
name: Rodrigues, Celso
name: Schnabel, Kareen E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Galatheidae
Munidopsis
Munidopsis spinifer

description: Munidopsis spinifer (A. Milne Edwards, 1880)
 Galathodes spinifer A. Milne Edwards, 1880: 54 (Phare de Morro, St Kitts and Barbados, 329–732 m).
 Munidopsis spinifer. — A. Milne Edwards & Bouvier, 1894a: 275 (key). — A. Milne Edwards & Bouvier, 1897a: 64, pl. 7, figs 6–8 (Phare de Morro, St Kitts and Barbados, 329–732 m). — Young, 1900: 407 (key), 412. — Benedict, 1902: 277 (key), 327 (list). — Doflein & Balss, 1913: 175 (list), 178 (table). — Pérez: 1927: 285 (no record). — Chace, 1942: 91 (north coast of Cuba, 348–549 m). — Pequegnat & Pequegnat, 1970: 140 (key), 157 (no record). — Pequegnat & Pequegnat, 1971: 6 (key) (no record). — Rice & Miller, 1991: 305 (Bahamas, St Vincent, 415–741 m).
Type data: syntypes, MCZ 2754, 4752.
Type locality: Phare de Morro, St Kitts and Barbados, 329–732 m.
description: Published as part of Baba, Keiji, Macpherson, Enrique, Poore, Gary C. B., Ahyong, Shane T., Bermudez, Adriana, Cabezas, Patricia, Lin, Chia-Wei, Nizinski, Martha, Rodrigues, Celso & Schnabel, Kareen E., 2008, Catalogue of squat lobsters of the world (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura-families Chirostylidae, Galatheidae and Kiwaidae), pp. 1-220 in Zootaxa 1905 (1) on page 162, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1905.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5134587
The large scale geometry of the higher Baumslag-Solitar groups
Creators: name: Whyte, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Baumslag-Solitar groups: BS(m,n)= are some of the simplest interesting infinite groups which are not lattices in Lie groups. They have been studied in depth from the point of view of combinatorial group theory. It is natural to ask if the geometric approach to the theory of infinite groups, which has been so successful in the study of lattices, can yield any insights in this nonlinear case. We show that in contrast to the solvable groups studied by Farb and Mosher, the groups BS(m,n) with 1
Gradient Coil Design and Realization for a Halbach-Based MRI System
Creators: name: de Vos, Bart
name: Fuchs, Patrick
name: O'Reilly, Thomas
name: Webb, Andrew
name: Remis, Rob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we design and construct gradient coils for a Halbach permanent magnet array magnetic resonance (MR) scanner. The target field method, which is widely applied for the case of axial static magnetic fields, has been developed for a transverse static magnetic field as produced by a Halbach permanent magnet array. Using this method, current densities for three gradient directions are obtained and subsequently verified using a commercial magneto-static solver. Stream functions are used to turn the surface current densities into wire patterns for constructing the gradient coils. The measured fields are in good agreement with simulations and their prescribed target fields. Three dimensional images have been acquired using the constructed gradient coils with very low degree of geometric distortion.
Exploration of Rural Informatization and Urban-rural Information Fusion
Creators: name: He, Wei
name: He, Wei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural informatization
subject: Information service
subject: Tri-networks integration
subject: Urban-rural information fusion

description: Based on the status quo of rural informatization and information service, this article conducts analysis and discussion of problems in rural informatization and urban-rural information fusion, using statistics. And corresponding countermeasures are put forward as follows: building rural information platform; strengthening information literacy training in rural areas and cultivating new farmers; making information network serve production and operation to increase jobs and income for farmers; developing rural e-commerce; enhancing network information security and prevention.
Foreign Farmers' Education and Training Experience: A Real Treasure for China
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuang-Na
name: Zhang, Shuang-Na
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farmers
subject: Education and training
subject: International comparison

description: The core of issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers is farmer problem, and the key to farmer problem is the problem of farmers' overall quality. Farmers' cultural quality, technical level and ideological and moral standards, directly determine the success of countryside construction and agricultural development. Therefore, many countries have attached great importance to farmers' education and training, and established the training mode with their own characteristics, playing an important role in improving the comprehensive quality of farmers, promoting the advance of social modernization, and propelling sustainable social development. By probing into the history of the development of foreign farmers' education and training, I summarize the main features, and conduct in-depth scientific analysis, which will provide a reference for developing farmers' education and training, and resolving issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers in China during the period of social transformation.
Food Consumption, Prices, Expenditures
Creators: name: Punam, Judith Jones
name: Punam, Judith Jones
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Food consumption
subject: food supply
subject: nutrients
subject: retail food prices
subject: wholesale food prices
subject: expenditures

description: This report presents historical data on food consumption, prices, and expenditures, and U. S. income. and popu1at.ion. A retail price-weighted quantity index put the 1988 per capita food supply up 10 percent from 1967, as consumption of crop-derived foods outpaced consumption of foods from animal products. Retail food prices rose 5.8 percent in 1989. The increase markedly exceeded the average annual 3.4-percent gains since 1981 when there was a sharp slowing in the rate of inflation. Americans spent $507.2 billion for food in 1989 and another $77.3 billion for alcoholic beverages. Away-from-home meals and snacks captured 44 percent of the U. S. food dollar in 1989, up from 34 percent in 1969 and 24 percent in 1949. The percentage of disposable personal income spent for food declined, from 14.2 percent in 196.7 to 11.7 percent in 1989.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ И ПРОБЛЕМЫ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ БИОФИЗИКИ В МЕДИЦИНЕ
Creators: name: Шерманов, Бекназар
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Медицинская физика по своей природе динамична и постоянно развивается, решая технологические и научные задачи, возникающие в здравоохранении. Эта дисциплина играет ключевую роль в разработке и внедрении инновационных методов визуализации и лечения, значительно улучшая диагностику и терапевтические вмешательства в медицине. Непрерывное развитие медицинской физики подчеркивает ее динамичное будущее, хотя и требует от практиков всесторонней квалификации и постоянной жажды знаний.