cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
More Evidence for the Intermediate Broad Line Region of the Mapped AGN PG 0052+251
Creators: name: Zhang, XueGuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the manuscript, the properties of the proposed intermediate BLR are checked for the mapped AGN PG 0052+251. With the considerations of the apparent effects of the broad He {\sc ii} line on the observed broad H$β$ profile, the line parameters (especially the line width and the line flux) of the observed broad H$α$ and the broad H$β$ are carefully determined. Based on the measured line parameters, the model with two broad components applied for each observed broad balmer line is preferred, and then confirmed by the calculated much different time lags for the inner/intermediate broad components and the corresponding virial BH masses ratio determined by the properties of the inner and the intermediate broad components. Then, the correlation between the broad line width and the broad line flux is checked for the two broad components: one clearly strong negative correlation for the inner broad component, but one positive correlation for the intermediate broad component. The different correlations for the two broad components strongly support the intermediate BLR of PG0052+251.
description: 17 pages, 1 table, 9 figures, accepted and to be published in MNRAS
2008-Keith_Landry-Brian_Winkel-Peak_Frequency_Responses_and_Tuned_Mass_Dampers
Creators: name: Landry, Keith
name: Winkel, Brian
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: We present two applications of systems of ordinary differential equations concerning excitation of a structure through resonance and (1) peak frequency responses with stabilization of the structure by means of a (2) Tuned Mass Damper (TMD).
Neutrino physics from Cosmology
Creators: name: Hannestad, Steen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years precision cosmology has become an increasingly powerful probe of particle physics. Perhaps the prime example of this is the very stringent cosmological upper bound on the neutrino mass. However, other aspects of neutrino physics, such as their decoupling history and possible non-standard interactions, can also be probed using observations of cosmic structure. Here, I review the current status of cosmological bounds on neutrino properties and discuss the potential of future observations, for example by the recently approved EUCLID mission, to precisely measure neutrino properties.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of Pontecorvo100 - Symposium in honour of Bruno Pontecorvo
Sample dataset - cont-3D-snGFR
Creators: name: Kessel, Friederike
name: Kröger, Hannah
name: Hugo, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: snGFR
kidney
intravital microscopy
2-photon microscopy

description: This dataset provides samples (and suggested annotations plus results) to test and check the workflow for the continuous measurement of snGFR with volume modelling a z-stack of a proximal tubulus [1]. A detailed description of the algorithm used for this analysis is linked to the GitHub release of "cont-3D-snGFR" of the AG Hugo, Experimental Nephrology in the Department of Internal Medicine of the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universtität Dresden. [1] Kessel, F., Kröger, H. & Hugo, C. Continuous analysis of single nephron GFR. doi:10.5281/zenodo.4059549 (2020). Dataset1.lif contains additional sample files of 15 time series with their corresponding z-stacks. This dataset is published in the NEUBIAS gateway of F1000Research as extended data connected to the manuscript: Kessel F, Kröger H, Gerlach M et al. A new analysis approach for single nephron GFR in intravital microscopy of mice [version 1; peer review: awaiting peer review]. F1000Research 2020, 9:1372 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.26888.1)
Self-adjoint extensions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator and unitaries at the boundary
Creators: name: Ibort, Alberto
name: LLedó, Fernando
name: Pérez-Pardo, Juan Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47B25, 58J32, 58Z05, 58Z05, 47A07

description: We construct in this article a class of closed semi-bounded quadratic forms on the space of square integrable functions over a smooth Riemannian manifold with smooth boundary. Each of these quadratic forms specifies a semi-bounded self-adjoint extension of the Laplace-Beltrami operator. These quadratic forms are based on the Lagrange boundary form on the manifold and a family of domains parametrized by a suitable class of unitary operators on the boundary that will be called admissible. The corresponding quadratic forms are semi-bounded below and closable. Finally, the representing operators correspond to semi-bounded self-adjoint extensions of the Laplace-Beltrami operator. This family of extensions is compared with results existing in the literature and various examples and applications are discussed.
Figure S2: from Power requirements for bat-inspired flapping flight with heavy, highly articulated and cambered wings
Creators: name: Fan, Xiaozhou
name: Swartz, Sharon
name: Breuer, Kenneth
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Bats fly with highly articulated and heavy wings. To understand their power requirements, we develop a three-dimensional reduced-order model, and apply it to flights of Cynopterus brachyotis, the lesser dog-faced fruit bat. Using previously measured wing kinematics, the model computes aerodynamic forces using blade element momentum theory, and incorporates inertial forces of the flapping wing using the measured mass distribution of the membrane wing and body. The two are combined into a Lagrangian equation of motion, and we performed Monte Carlo simulations to address uncertainties in measurement errors and modelling assumptions. We find that the camber of the armwing decreases with flight speed whereas the handwing camber is more independent of speed. Wing camber disproportionately impacts energetics, mainly during the downstroke, and increases the power requirement from 8% to 22% over flight speed U = 3.2–7.4 m s−1. We separate total power into aerodynamic and inertial components, and aerodynamic power into parasitic, profile and induced power, and find strong agreement with previous theoretical and experimental studies. We find that inertia of wings help to balance aerodynamic forces, alleviating the muscle power required for weight support and thrust generation. Furthermore, the model suggests aerodynamic forces assist in lifting the heavy wing during upstroke.
Humanity as the ground for universal human rights in Islamic law
Creators: name: Şentürk, Recep
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Humanity
Human Rights
Islamic Law
Muslim Jurists
Universal Human Rights

description: A legal maxim in Islamic law states that “The right to inviolability (‘isma) is due for humanity (adamiyya)”. The right to inviolability includes inviolability ofthe right to (1) life, (2) property, (3) religion, (4) mind (expression), (5) family andprogeny, as well as (6) honor and dignity. Universalist Muslim jurists share thisview from different schools of Islamic law. In particular, all jurists from the H.anaf¯ischool subscribe to this view. From this perspective being human is sufficient tohave human rights regardless of innate, inherited and gained attributes such as sex,religion, race and nationality. This article explores the thought of Muslim juristswho took humanity as the sufficient ground for human rights and the arguments theyused to justify it by deriving from classical Islamic law books. It will also provide ahistorical survey about how this view was implemented in Islamic history from Indiato the Balkans under Islamic law. Following it will discuss the reforms in Islamic lawduring the late Ottoman period (1839–1918). It will conclude by proposing how thepresent Muslim legal and political discourse can be re-connected to this universalisthuman rights tradition to overcome the challenges for human rights in the Muslimworld today.
Experimental cheat-sensitive quantum weak coin flipping
Creators: name: Neves, Simon
name: Yacoub, Verena
name: Chabaud, Ulysse
name: Bozzio, Mathieu
name: Kerenidis, Iordanis
name: Diamanti, Eleni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As in modern communication networks, the security of quantum networks will rely on complex cryptographic tasks that are based on a handful of fundamental primitives. Weak coin flipping (WCF) is a significant such primitive which allows two mistrustful parties to agree on a random bit while they favor opposite outcomes. Remarkably, perfect information-theoretic security can be achieved in principle for quantum WCF. Here, we overcome conceptual and practical issues that have prevented the experimental demonstration of this primitive to date, and demonstrate how quantum resources can provide cheat sensitivity, whereby each party can detect a cheating opponent, and an honest party is never sanctioned. Such a property is not known to be classically achievable with information-theoretic security. Our experiment implements a refined, loss-tolerant version of a recently proposed theoretical protocol and exploits heralded single photons generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion, a carefully optimized linear optical interferometer including beam splitters with variable reflectivities and a fast optical switch for the verification step. High values of our protocol benchmarks are maintained for attenuation corresponding to several kilometers of telecom optical fiber.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Quantum Biology for Analytical Chemistry Development
Creators: name: Maria J. Álvarez-Pérez
name: Carlos A. Padilla-Jaramillo
name: Luis Miguel Díaz-Sánchez
name: Cristian Blanco-Tirado
name: Marianny Y Combariza
name: Aldo F. Combariza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: El CICI-2022 tiene como temática central la REVOLUCIÓN DE LA INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL EN LA INGENIERÍA, con vista a poder evaluar el rol que desempeña esta técnica en la Cuarta Revolución Industrial (Industria 4.0) y su aplicación en los diferentes campos de la ingeniería para dar solución a problemas complejos.
R code for analysis from Socially cued anticipatory adjustment of female signalling effort in a moth
Creators: name: Pham, Hieu T.
name: Mcnamara, Kathryn B.
name: Elgar, Mark A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: S3: R code for analysis and figures
Methods and analysis for juvenile density-dependent morphology from Socially cued anticipatory adjustment of female signalling effort in a moth
Creators: name: Pham, Hieu T.
name: Mcnamara, Kathryn B.
name: Elgar, Mark A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: S2: The effect of juvenile population density on male and female wing length (body size)
The Janus of the MALDI World  The Story of Dual Purpose MALDI matrices as Revealed by Quantum Chemistry
Creators: name: Maria J. Álvarez-Pérez
name: Carlos A. Padilla-Jaramillo
name: Luis Miguel Díaz-Sánchez
name: Cristian Blanco-Tirado
name: Marianny Y Combariza
name: Aldo F. Combariza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Este Simposio se organiza para conmemorar la semana del Biólogo en el marco del día nacional del Biólogo, integrar a la comunidad académica, ofrecer escenarios de aprendizaje, discusión y tertulia sobre los diferentes campos de acción del Biólogo.
Spectroscopic measurements of a CO2 absorption line in an open vertical path using an airborne lidar
Creators: name: Ramanathan, Anand
name: Mao, Jianping
name: Allan, Graham R
name: Riris, Haris
name: Weaver, Clark J
name: Hasselbrack, William E
name: Browell, Edward V
name: Abshire, James B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use an airborne pulsed integrated path differential absorption lidar to make spectroscopic measurements of the pressure-induced line broadening and line center shift of atmospheric CO2 at the 1572.335 nm absorption line. We measure the absorption lineshape in the vertical column between the aircraft and ground. A comparison of our measured absorption lineshape to calculations based on HITRAN shows excellent agreement with the peak optical depth accurate to within 0.3%. Additionally, we measure changes in the line center position to within 5.2 MHz of calculations, and the absorption linewidth to within 0.6% of calculations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to Applied Physics Letters
Schematic of the Y-maze olfactometer from Socially cued anticipatory adjustment of female signalling effort in a moth
Creators: name: Pham, Hieu T.
name: Mcnamara, Kathryn B.
name: Elgar, Mark A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: S1: Schematic of the Y-maze apparatus used to assess male preferences for sex pheromone from females reared at Low (L) or High (H) juvenile population density.
Darboux Slant Ruled Surfaces
Creators: name: Önder, Mehmet
name: Kaya, Onur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A25, 14J26

description: In this study, we introduce Darboux slant ruled surfaces in the Euclidean 3-space which is defined by the property that the Darboux vector of orthonormel frame of ruled surface makes a constant angle with a fixed, non-zero direction. We obtain the characterizations of Darboux slant ruled surfaces regarding the conical curvature kappa and give the relations between Darboux slant ruled surfaces and some other slant ruled surfaces.
description: 9 pages
Quantum Control of Qubits and Atomic Motion Using Ultrafast Laser Pulses
Creators: name: Mizrahi, J.
name: Neyenhuis, B.
name: Johnson, K.
name: Campbell, W. C.
name: Senko, C.
name: Hayes, D.
name: Monroe, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsed lasers offer significant advantages over CW lasers in the coherent control of qubits. Here we review the theoretical and experimental aspects of controlling the internal and external states of individual trapped atoms with pulse trains. Two distinct regimes of laser intensity are identified. When the pulses are sufficiently weak that the Rabi frequency $Ω$ is much smaller than the trap frequency $\otrap$, sideband transitions can be addressed and atom-atom entanglement can be accomplished in much the same way as with CW lasers. By contrast, if the pulses are very strong ($Ω\gg \otrap$), impulsive spin-dependent kicks can be combined to create entangling gates which are much faster than a trap period. These fast entangling gates should work outside of the Lamb-Dicke regime and be insensitive to thermal atomic motion.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Asymmetry and non-random orientation of the inflight effective beam pattern in the WMAP Data
Creators: name: Chiang, Lung-Yih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anomaly against the Gaussianity in the WMAP data was alleged to be due to insufficient handling of beam asymmetries. In this paper we investigate this issue and develop a method to estimate the shape of the inflight effective beam, particularly the asymmetry and azimuthal orientation. We divide the whole map into square patches and exploit the information in the Fourier space. For patches containing bright extra-galactic point sources, we can directly estimate their shapes, from which the inflight effective beam manifests itself. For those without, we estimate the pattern via perturbing the phases and directly from the Fourier amplitudes. We show that the inflight effective beam convolving the signal is indeed non-symmetric for most part of the sky, and it's not randomly oriented. Around the ecliptic poles, however, the asymmetry is smaller due to the averaging effect from different orientations of the beam from the scan strategy. The effective beam with significant asymmetry is combing with almost parallel fashion along the lines of Ecliptic longitude. In the foreground-cleaned ILC map, however, the systematics caused by beam effect is significantly lessened.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJ
Supplementary Material to Magyari et al., Event-related potentials reveal limited readiness to access phonetic details during word processing in dogs
Creators: name: Magyari, L.
name: Zs Huszár
name: A. Turzó
name: A. Andics
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental Methods (Fig. S1, Table S1) and Supplemental Results and Discussion (Fig. S2, Table S2)
Gamma-Ray Burst Spectrum with Decaying Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Zhao, X. H.
name: Li, Z.
name: Liu, X. W.
name: Zhang, B. B.
name: Bai, J. M.
name: Meszaros, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the internal shock model for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the synchrotron spectrum from the fast cooling electrons in a homogeneous downstream magnetic field (MF) is too soft to produce the low-energy slope of GRB spectra. However the magnetic field may decay downstream with distance from the shock front. Here we show that the synchrotron spectrum becomes harder if electrons undergo synchrotron and inverse-Compton cooling in a decaying MF. To reconcile this with the typical GRB spectrum with low energy slope $νF_ν\proptoν$, it is required that the postshock MF decay time is comparable to the cooling time of the bulk electrons (corresponding to a MF decaying length typically of $\sim10^5$ skin depths); that the inverse-Compton cooling should dominate synchrotron cooling after the MF decay time; and/or that the MF decays with comoving time roughly as $B\propto t^{-1.5}$. An internal shock synchrotron model with a decaying MF can account for the majority of GRBs with low energy slopes not harder than $ν^{4/3}$.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Mirror Surface Nanostructuring via Laser Direct Writing -- Characterization and Physical Origins
Creators: name: Vretenar, Mario
name: Klaers, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The addition of an optically absorptive layer to otherwise standard dielectric mirrors enables a set of laser direct writing nanostructuring methods that can add functionality to such mirrors while retaining their high reflectivity. These mirrors are particularly suited for use in optical microcavities, where arbitrary potential landscapes for photons may be constructed. Experiments with photon Bose-Einstein condensates, where high cavity finesse is essential, is one area that has greatly benefited from this approach. A thorough characterization of our implementation of this method is given in this paper, and its physical origins are investigated. In particular, our measurements show that laser direct writing of such mirrors has a reversible and a permanent component, where the reversible process originates from the thermal expansion of the surface and allows a simple yet precise way to temporarily modify the shape of the mirror. Scanning electron microscope cross-sectional images suggest that the permanent part of the nanostructuring process is due to thermally induced pore formation and enlargement in the tantalum oxide layers of the used dielectric mirror.
title: Effects of Ankle Immobilization on Lower Extremity Joint Coupling Variability
Creators: name: Gundy, Kristin M.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2013

description: Human movement is a complex system that encompasses several factors within the body to create coordination. It is not fully understood how the many degrees of freedom (DOF) of the body organize to create movement. Both internal and external influence how the DOF problem works to produce varying movement goals.

The purpose of this study was to better understand the organization patterns of the body by eliminating a DOF. The ankle joint was immobilized to determine if there were differences at the hip and knee joint couplings. It was hypothesized that there would be an increase in movement variability at the hip and knee joints when the ankle was immobilized compared with normal gait.

Joint kinematics have shown that the AFO effectively immobilized the ankle joint by decreasing plantarflexion throughout the gait cycle and restricting ankle inversion/eversion and internal/external rotation. There were also changes seen at the hip and knee joints. Hip flexion decreased and adduction increased through the gait cycle. Internal rotation of the hip decreased in stance and increased during swing phase. There was a decrease in knee extension and adduction during stance phase and an increase in internal rotation during swing. There were no significant changes in coordination variability in any of the nine couplings compared. Further experiments need to be conducted to better understand human movement patterns.
COMP. CHEM.  ANALYSIS OF PROTON TRANSFERENCE IN MALDI FOR PHYTOPLANKTON CHEMOTAXONOMY
Creators: name: Maria J. Álvarez-Pérez
name: Carlos A. Padilla-Jaramillo
name: Luis Miguel Díaz-Sánchez
name: Cristian Blanco-Tirado
name: Marianny Y Combariza
name: Aldo F. Combariza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: En el evento se presentaron proyectos en el área de la Química Teórica y Computacional en cualquiera de sus vertientes o áreas afines, e igualmente a aquellos grupos experimenalistas que encuentren en la química teórica herramientas útiles para sus investigaciones.
Herschel celestial calibration sources: Four large main-belt asteroids as prime flux calibrators for the far-IR/sub-mm range
Creators: name: Mueller, T. G.
name: Balog, Z.
name: Nielbock, M.
name: Lim, T.
name: Teyssier, D.
name: Olberg, M.
name: Klaas, U.
name: Linz, H.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Pearson, C.
name: Bendo, G.
name: Vilenius, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Celestial standards play a major role in observational astrophysics. They are needed to characterise the performance of instruments and are paramount for photometric calibration. During the Herschel Calibration Asteroid Preparatory Programme approximately 50 asteroids have been established as far-IR/sub-mm/mm calibrators for Herschel. The selected asteroids fill the flux gap between the sub-mm/mm calibrators Mars, Uranus and Neptune, and the mid-IR bright calibration stars. All three Herschel instruments observed asteroids for various calibration purposes, including pointing tests, absolute flux calibration, relative spectral response function, observing mode validation, and cross-calibration aspects. Here we present newly established models for the four large and well characterized main-belt asteroids (1) Ceres, (2) Pallas, (4) Vesta, and (21) Lutetia which can be considered as new prime flux calibrators. The relevant object-specific properties (size, shape, spin-properties, albedo, thermal properties) are well established. The seasonal (distance to Sun, distance to observer, phase angle, aspect angle) and daily variations (rotation) are included in a new thermophysical model setup for these targets. The thermophysical model predictions agree within 5% with the available (and independently calibrated) Herschel measurements. The four objects cover the flux regime from just below 1,000 Jy (Ceres at mid-IR N-/Q-band) down to fluxes below 0.1 Jy (Lutetia at the longest wavelengths). Based on the comparison with PACS, SPIRE and HIFI measurements and pre-Herschel experience, the validity of these new prime calibrators ranges from mid-infrared to about 700 micron, connecting nicely the absolute stellar reference system in the mid-IR with the planet-based calibration at sub-mm/mm wavelengths.
description: Published in Experimental Astronomy, 78 pages, 10 figures, 19 tables
Noise-induced synchronization of oscillatory convection and its optimization
Creators: name: Kawamura, Yoji
name: Nakao, Hiroya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate common-noise-induced phase synchronization between uncoupled identical Hele-Shaw cells exhibiting oscillatory convection. Using the phase description method for oscillatory convection, we demonstrate that the uncoupled systems of oscillatory Hele-Shaw convection can exhibit in-phase synchronization when driven by weak common noise. We derive the Lyapunov exponent determining the relaxation time for the synchronization, and develop a method for obtaining the optimal spatial pattern of the common noise to achieve synchronization. The theoretical results are confirmed by direct numerical simulations.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures. Applies the phase description method developed in arXiv:1110.1128
Bimodal Distribution of Magnetic Fields and Areas of Sunspots
Creators: name: Tlatov, Andrey G.
name: Pevtsov, Alexei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We applied automatic identification of sunspot umbrae and penumbrae to daily observations from the Helioseismic Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) to study their magnetic flux (B) and area (A). The results confirm a previously known logarithmic relationship between the area of sunspots and their maximum flux density. In addition, we find that the relation between average magnetic flux (Bavg) and sunspot area shows a bimodal distribution: for small sunspots and pores (A < 20 millionth of solar hemisphere, MSH), Bavg = 800 G (gauss), and for large sunspots (A > 100 MSH), Bavg is about 600 G. For intermediate sunspots, average flux density linearly decreases from about 800 G to 600 G. A similar bimodal distribution was found in several other integral parameters of sunspots. We show that this bimodality can be related to different stages of sunspot penumbra formation and can be explained by the difference in average inclination of magnetic fields at the periphery of small and large sunspots.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Three-Dimensional Radiation Transfer in Young Stellar Objects
Creators: name: Whitney, B. A.
name: Robitaille, T. P.
name: Bjorkman, J. E.
name: Dong, R.
name: Wolff, M. J.
name: Wood, K.
name: Honor, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have updated our publicly available dust radiative transfer code (HOCHUNK3D) to include new emission processes and various 3-D geometries appropriate for forming stars. The 3-D geometries include warps and spirals in disks, accretion hotspots on the central star, fractal clumping density enhancements, and misaligned inner disks. Additional axisymmetric (2-D) features include gaps in disks and envelopes, "puffed-up inner rims" in disks, multiple bipolar cavity walls, and iteration of disk vertical structure assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. We include the option for simple power-law envelope geometry, which combined with fractal clumping, and bipolar cavities, can be used to model evolved stars as well as protostars. We include non-thermal emission from PAHs and very small grains, and external illumination from the interstellar radiation field. The grid structure was modified to allow multiple dust species in each cell; based on this, a simple prescription is implemented to model dust stratification. We describe these features in detail, and show example calculations of each. Some of the more interesting results include the following: 1) Outflow cavities may be more clumpy than infalling envelopes. 2) PAH emission in high-mass stars may be a better indicator of evolutionary stage than the broadband SED slope; and related to this, 3) externally illuminated clumps and high-mass stars in optically thin clouds can masquerade as YSOs. 4) Our hydrostatic equilibrium models suggest that dust settling is likely ubiquitous in T Tauri disks, in agreement with previous observations.
description: 44 pages, 31 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJS
Fermion condensate generates a new state of matter by making flat bands
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
name: Popov, K. G.
name: Khodel, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Belyaev's ideas associated with the condensate state in Bose interacting systems have stimulated intensive studies of the possible manifestation of such a condensation in Fermi systems. In many Fermi systems and compounds at zero temperature a phase transition happens that leads to a quite specific state called fermion condensation. As a signal of such a fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT) serves unlimited increase of the effective mass of quasiparticles that determines the excitation spectrum and creates flat bands. We show that the class of Fermi liquids with the fermion condensate forms a new state of matter. We discuss the phase diagrams and the physical properties of systems located near that phase transition. It is demonstrated that a huge amount of experimental data collected on different compounds suggests that they, starting from some temperature and down, form the new state of matter, and are governed by the fermion condensation. Our discussion shows that the theory of fermion condensation develops completely good description of the NFL behavior of strongly correlated Fermi systems. Moreover, the fermion condensation can be considered as the universal reason for the NFL behavior observed in various HF metals, liquids, compounds with quantum spin liquids, and quasicrystals. We show that these systems exhibit universal scaling behavior of their thermodynamic properties. Therefore, the quantum critical physics of different strongly correlated compounds is universal, and emerges regardless of the underlying microscopic details of the compounds. This uniform behavior, governed by the universal quantum critical physics, allows us to view it as the main characteristic of the new state of matter.
description: 17 Figures, 16 pages. Our review paper is dedicated to S. T. Belyaev on the occasion of his 90th birthday
New Radial Abundance Gradients for NGC 628 and NGC 2403
Creators: name: Berg, Danielle A.
name: Skillman, Evan D.
name: Garnett, Donald R.
name: Croxall, Kevin V.
name: Marble, Andrew R.
name: Smith, J. D.
name: Gordon, Karl
name: Kennicutt, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motived by recent ISM studies, we present high quality MMT and Gemini spectroscopic observations of H II regions in the nearby spiral galaxies NGC 628 and NGC 2403 in order to measure their chemical abundance gradients. Using long-slit and multi-object mask optical spectroscopy, we obtained measurements of the temperature sensitive auroral lines [O III] λ4363 and/or [N II] λ5755 at a strength of 4σ or greater in 11 H II regions in NGC 628 and 7 regions in NGC 2403. These observations allow us, for the first time, to derive an oxygen abundance gradient in NGC 628 based solely on "direct" oxygen abundances of H II regions: 12 + log(O/H) = (8.43+/-0.03) + (-0.017+/-0.002) x Rg (dex/kpc), with a dispersion in log(O/H) of σ = 0.10 dex, from 14 regions with a radial coverage of ~2-19 kpc. This is a significantly shallower slope than found by previous "strong-line" abundance studies. In NGC 2403, we derive an oxygen abundance gradient of 12 + log(O/H) = (8.48+/-0.04) + (-0.032+/-0.007) x Rg (dex/kpc), with a dispersion in log(O/H) of σ = 0.07 dex, from 7 H II with a radial coverage of ~1-10 kpc. Additionally, we measure the N, S, Ne, and Ar abundances. We find the N/O ratio decreases with increasing radius for the inner disk, but reaches a plateau past R25 in NGC 628. NGC 2403 also has a negative N/O gradient with radius, but we do not sample the outer disk of the galaxy past R25 and so do not see evidence for a plateau. This bi-modal pattern measured for NGC 628 indicates dominant contributions from secondary nitrogen inside of the R25 transition and dominantly primary nitrogen farther out. As expected for α-process elements, S/O, Ne/O, and Ar/O are consistent with constant values over a range in oxygen abundance.
description: 9 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Online Supplementary Material from The postcranial skeleton of the erythrosuchid archosauriform Garjainia prima from the Early Triassic of European Russia
Creators: name: Maidment, Susannah C. R.
name: Sennikov, Andrey G.
name: Ezcurra, Martín D.
name: Dunne, Emma M.
name: Gower, David J.
name: Hedrick, Brandon P.
name: Meade, Luke E.
name: Raven, Thomas J.
name: Paschchenko, Dmitriy I.
name: Butler, Richard J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: List of material with measurements and additional figures
Block (or Hamiltonian) Lie symmetry of dispersionless D type Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchy
Creators: name: Li, Chuanzhong
name: He, Jingsong
name: Su, Yucai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the dispersionless D type Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchy, i.e. a reduction of the dispersionless two-component BKP hierarchy, is studied. The additional symmetry flows of this herarchy are presented. These flows form an infinite dimensional Lie algebra of Block type as well as a Lie algebra of Hamiltonian type.
description: 8 pages, To appear in Commun. Theor. Phys
Arrenurus latus Barrois & Moniez 1887
Creators: name: Zawal, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Arrenuridae
Arrenurus
Arrenurus latus

description: Arrenurus latus Barrois & Moniez, 1887 (30)
(Fig. 3, Tables 1, 2)
 Arrenurus ligulator Koenike, 1905 (550)
 Material examined: Progeny from a single female collected from a ploughed field near Kiczorowo, Stargard Szczeciński district, Poland, 53o30’N, 15o14’E, among reed­marshes, 30 July 1998.
 Diagnosis: Dorsal plate elliptic with fairly deep anterior­lateral indentations which reach to about one­fifth of the plate length and one­third of its width; CpI median margins twice as long as the other, CpII and CpIII median margins equal; Expp oval, its width equal to its length, Exp located near the centre of the plate and posterior to alveoli of the E2 setae; PV3 and PV4 pectinate; IGe3 and IIGe3 fairly thick and bipectinate; IITi10 smooth and IIITi10 pectinate, both located near the centre of tibia.
 Description: The size of the body is fairly large (Table 1). The elliptic dorsal plate is widest in the middle of its length and narrows at the posterior. The anterior margin is slightly convex and the posterior margin is pointed. Anterior­lateral indentations are fairly deep, with obtuse angles, and reach to about one­fifth of the plate length and one­third of its width. The Lpl seta is tripartite and the remaining setae are smooth (Fig. 3).
The CpI median margins are twice as long as the other, the CpII and CpIII median margins are equal. All the setae on the coxal plates are smooth. Distance between the C4 seta and the CpIII median margin is 1.5 times longer than those between the C1 seta and CpI median margin. The distance between setae C1 and C2 is long (Table 1, Fig. 3), The excretory pore plate is oval, its width is equal to its length. The excretory pore is located near the centre of the plate and posterior to the alveoli of the E2 setae (Table 1, Fig. 3).
 The pedipalps in size and shape are typical for Arrenurus species. Seta PIII1 is bipectinate, PV3 and PV4 are pectinate and fairly long, PV6 is fairly thick, and PV8 is long (Table 1, Fig. 3). The first segment of the chelicera has the form of a slightly curved cylinder and narrows posteriorly (Fig. 3).
The proportions of segments are more or less the same for each leg. The shortest leg segment, the trochanter, constitutes about 2/3 of the femur, the genu is a little shorter than the femur, the tibia is 1.5 times longer and the tarsus twice as long (Table 2). The tarsi of all legs, particularly the third, narrow posteriorly. Seta ITi8 is thin and long, IGe3 and IIGe3 are fairly thick and bipectinate, IITi8 and IIITi8 are fairly long and bipectinate. Seta IITi10 is smooth and IIITi10 is pectinate, both are located near the centre of the tibia (Fig. 3).
description: Published as part of Zawal, Andrzej, 2006, Larval morphology of Arrenurus cuspidifer Piersig, A. claviger Koenike, and A. latus Barrois & Moniez (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 55-68 in Zootaxa 1276 on page 64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173333
Arrenurus claviger Koenike 1885
Creators: name: Zawal, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Arrenuridae
Arrenurus
Arrenurus claviger

description: Arrenurus claviger Koenike, 1885 (219)
(Fig. 2, Tables 1, 2)
 Arrenurus calycularis Georgévitsch, 1906 (143)
 Material examined: Progeny from a ten females collected from a pool in a ploughed field near Trzebień, Dolice district, Poland, 53o17’N, 15o27’E, among reed­marshes, 1 May 1998.
 Diagnosis: Dorsal plate egg­shaped with small anterior­lateral indentations, Lp2 and Mh1 bipectinate; median margins of CpI 1.5 times longer than the CpII median margins which are a little longer than CpIII margins; Expp pentagonal­shaped, its width equal to its length, Exp located anterior to the centre of Expp and above the E2 setae; IITi10 long, pectinate, and situated almost in the same place as IITi9, IIITa13 pectinate.
 Description: The egg­shaped dorsal plate is widest in the middle of its length and narrows in the posterior part. The anterior margin is slightly convex and the posterior one is pointed. The anterior­lateral indentations are fairly small, with slightly obtuse angles, and reach to about one­fifth of the plate length and one­fifth of its width. Seta Lpl is tripartite, setae Lp2 and Mh1 are bipectinate, the remaining setae are smooth (Fig.2).
The median margins of CpI are 1.5 times longer than the CpII median margins which are a little longer than CpIII ones, the ratio is 1.5/1.1/1. Setae C1, C2, C3 and V3 are bipectinate, C4, Lh2 and Lh3 are pectinate and the remaining setae are smooth. The distance between the C4 seta and the CpIII median margin is 1.5 times longer than the distance between the C1 seta and CpI median margin (Table 1, Fig. 2).
The excretory pore plate is pentagonal­shaped, its width is equal to its length. The excretory pore is located anterior to the centre of the plate and above the E2 setae (Table 1, Fig. 2).
 The pedipalps are typical for Arrenurus species. Seta PIII1 is bipectinate, PIV1 and PV6 are fairly thin and PV8 is fairly long (Table 1, Fig. 2). The first segment of the chelicerae is bottle­shaped, with one margin flat and the other hook­like (Fig. 2).
The proportions of segments are more or less the same on each limb. The shortest segment, the trochanter, constitutes about 2/3 of the femur and genu which are of the same length; the tibia is 1.5 times longer and the tarsus 2 times longer (Table 2). Seta ITi8 is thin and long, IITi10 is long, pectinate, and situated almost in the same place as IITi9. Setae IIIGe2, IIITi7 and IIITi8 are fairly long and bipectinate (Fig. 2).
description: Published as part of Zawal, Andrzej, 2006, Larval morphology of Arrenurus cuspidifer Piersig, A. claviger Koenike, and A. latus Barrois & Moniez (Acari: Hydrachnidia), pp. 55-68 in Zootaxa 1276 on pages 62-63, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.173333
Resolving galaxies in time and space: II: Uncertainties in the spectral synthesis of datacubes
Creators: name: Fernandes, R. Cid
name: Delgado, R. M. Gonzalez
name: Benito, R. Garcia
name: Perez, E.
name: de Amorim, A. L.
name: Sanchez, S. F.
name: Husemann, B.
name: Barroso, J. Falcon
name: Lopez-Fernandez, R.
name: Sanchez-Blazquez, P.
name: Asari, N. Vale
name: Vazdekis, A.
name: Walcher, C. J.
name: Mast, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a companion paper we have presented many products derived from the application of the spectral synthesis code STARLIGHT to datacubes from the CALIFA survey, including 2D maps of stellar population properties and 1D averages in the temporal and spatial dimensions. Here we evaluate the uncertainties in these products. Uncertainties due to noise and spectral shape calibration errors and to the synthesis method are investigated by means of a suite of simulations based on 1638 CALIFA spectra for NGC 2916, with perturbations amplitudes gauged in terms of the expected errors. A separate study was conducted to assess uncertainties related to the choice of evolutionary synthesis models. We compare results obtained with the Bruzual & Charlot models, a preliminary update of them, and a combination of spectra derived from the Granada and MILES models. About 100k CALIFA spectra are used in this comparison. Noise and shape-related errors at the level expected for CALIFA propagate to 0.10-0.15 dex uncertainties in stellar masses, mean ages and metallicities. Uncertainties in A_V increase from 0.06 mag in the case of random noise to 0.16 mag for shape errors. Higher order products such as SFHs are more uncertain, but still relatively stable. Due to the large number statistics of datacubes, spatial averaging reduces uncertainties while preserving information on the history and structure of stellar populations. Radial profiles of global properties, as well as SFHs averaged over different regions are much more stable than for individual spaxels. Uncertainties related to the choice of base models are larger than those associated with data and method. Differences in mean age, mass and metallicity are ~ 0.15 to 0.25 dex, and 0.1 mag in A_V. Spectral residuals are ~ 1% on average, but with systematic features of up to 4%. The origin of these features is discussed. (Abridged)
description: A&A, accepted
Bino-Higgsino Mixed Dark Matter in a Focus Point Gaugino Mediation
Creators: name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
name: Yokozaki, Norimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the neutralino dark matter in the focus point gaugino mediation model with the O(100) GeV gravitino. The thermal relic abundance of the neutralino with a sizable Higgsino fraction can explain the dark matter density at the present universe. The spin-independent cross section is marginally consistent with the current upper limit from the XENON 100 experiment, and the whole parameter region can be covered at the XENON1T experiment. We also discuss the origin of the gluino mass to wino mass ratio at around 3/8, which is crucial for the mild fine-tuning in the electroweak symmetry breaking sector. It is shown that the existence of the non-anomalous discrete R-symmetry can fix this ratio to 3/8.
description: 17 pages; 5 figures
Absence of broken time reversal symmetry beneath the surface of YBCO films
Creators: name: Saadaoui, H.
name: Salman, Z.
name: Prokscha, T.
name: Suter, A.
name: Huhtinen, H.
name: Paturi, P.
name: Morenzoni, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a search for spontaneous magnetism due to a time reversal symmetry breaking phase in the superconducting state of (110)-oriented YBCO films, expected near the surface in this geometry. Zero field and weak transverse field measurements performed using the low-energy muon spin rotation technique with muons implanted few nm inside optimally-doped YBCO-(110) films show no appearance of spontaneous magnetic fields below the superconducting temperature down to 2.9 K. Our results give an upper limit of ~0.02 mT for putative spontaneous internal fields.
description: 5 pages
Radiotherapy combined with deep regional hyperthermia in elderly and frail patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer: quality analysis of hyperthermia and impact on clinical results
Creators: name: Ademaj, Adela
name: Puric, Emsad
name: Marder, Dietmar
name: Timm, Olaf
name: Kern, Thomas
name: Hälg, Roger A.
name: Rogers, Susanne
name: Riesterer, Oliver
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose: Radiotherapy (RT) in combination with deep regional hyperthermia (HT) after transurethral removal of bladder tumor (TURBT) can be offered to elderly and frail patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Methods: In total, 21 patients (mean age 84 years) with unifocal or multifocal MIBC received radiation to a dose of 48–50 Gy/16–20 fractions with weekly HT. The primary endpoint was the variation in temperature metrics, thermal dose expressed as cumulative equivalent minutes at 43 °C when the measured temperature is T90 (CEM43T90) and net power applied in target volume per each HT session. Secondary endpoints were three-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), local progression-free survival (LPFS) and toxicity. Results: The temperature metrics, CEM43T90, mean and maximum net power applied did not differ significantly among the HT sessions of the 21 patients. With a median follow-up of 65 months, 52% (95% CI 32–72%) of patients had died 3 years after treatment. The three-year DFS and LPFS rates were 62% (95%CI 41–79%) and 81% (95%CI 60–92%), respectively. The three-year bladder preservation rate was 100%. Three out of four patients with local failure received a thermal dose CEM43T90 below a median of 2.4 min. The rates of acute and late grade-3 toxicities were 10% and 14%, respectively. Conclusion: The reproducibility of HT parameters between sessions was high. A moderately high CEM43T90 (> 2.4 min) for each HT session seems to be preferable for local control. RT combined with HT is a promising organ-preservation therapy for elderly and frail MIBC patients.