cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Affective and Cognitive Impacts of Music Listening on Prolonged Cognitive Work: Insights From Everyday Life Habits and Ego Depletion
Creators: name: Cheah, Yi Ting
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Listening to background music (BgM) while performing cognitive works (e.g., studying or working) is a prevalent habit among many, and its impact has gained at least a century of empirical interest. However, research in this area has been marked by inconsistent methods and inconclusive findings. For my doctoral research, I conducted a series of research studies to provide clarity to this area. My research commenced with a systematic review that synthesised results from 95 empirical articles on the impact of BgM on cognitive performance. Then, I conducted an online survey coupled with an experience sampling research study on university students’ real-life music listening habits while studying. Finally, based on the collective findings of these two research, I conducted an experiment that examined the cognitive as well as affective impacts of BgM. This included examining (on top of cognitive performance) mood states and level of ego depletion (mental fatigue) during a prolonged study session. Collectively, my results showed that despite the frequent empirical focus on BgM’s direct impact on cognitive performance, the findings derived from previous research may be less applicable to longer sessions of cognitive work, such as studying for long hours. Long-hour studying (or other types of cognitive works) can be a progressively exhaustive process, in which one’s motivation and capacity to maintain consistent focus and task engagement may ultimately determine their cognitive performance quality. In that interest, affect regulation, which includes maintaining a positive mood and mitigating ego depletion, potentially takes priority before good-quality cognitive performance is even possible. Indeed, results from my experiment showed that in a prolonged study session, those who studied without BgM demonstrated poorer cognitive performance as well as deteriorated mood and greater depletion at the end of the session; whilst those who studied with (instrumental) BgM demonstrated better cognitive performance and no changes to positive mood and ego depletion. The results confirmed that affect regulation affords an overall better task endurance during a prolonged session of cognitive engagement, and this, in turn, facilitates better cognitive performance. These results urged the reconceptualisation of empirical studies that were strongly focused on the cognitive impact of BgM listening by highlighting the critical influence of task duration, mood states and ego depletion on this behavioural equation. Ultimately, these findings will enable the devising of more effective music listening strategies that optimise performances in various contexts of prolonged cognitive work, ranging from studying and office work to long-distance driving and even prolonged high-level cognitive performance in surgical rooms.
Composite films of Prussian blue and N-substituted polypyrroles: covalent immobilization of enzymes and application to near infrared optical biosensing
Creators: name: Koncki, Robert
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Enzyme immobilization; Films; Optical biofilms; Polypyrroles; Prussian Blue
subject: 540 Chemie

description: We demonstrate the feasibility of optical biosensing using a material which, in essence, is a modified inorganic film to which various enzymes were covalently attached. Thin and transparent blue films composed of Prussian blue and incorporated into a network of N-substituted polypyrroles are sensitive to pH in the 5–9 range at 720 nm wavelength and can be modified with enzymes to result in the respective biosensors. Several methods of enzyme immobilization, using bifunctional crosslinking reagents, and various enzymes were tested. The best results were obtained using the one-step carbodiimide method which resulted in highly active, stable and transparent biosensor films for optical determination of urea and acetylcholine. The operational stability exceeded 1 month and even after 2 months of dry storage at room temperature the activity did not drop. The biosensors allow optical determination of the respective substrates in the millimolar concentration range.
Next-to-leading order QCD predictions for top-quark pair production with up to two jets merged with a parton shower
Creators: name: Höche, Stefan
name: Krauss, Frank
name: Maierhoefer, Philipp
name: Pozzorini, Stefano
name: Schonherr, Marek
name: Siegert, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present differential cross sections for the production of top-quark pairs in conjunction with up to two jets, computed at next-to leading order in perturbative QCD and consistently merged with a parton shower in the Sherpa+OpenLoops framework. Top quark decays including spin correlation effects are taken into account at leading order accuracy. The calculation yields a unified description of top-pair plus multi-jet production, and detailed results are presented for various key observables at the Large Hadron Collider. A large improvement with respect to the multi-jet merging approach at leading order is found for the total transverse energy spectrum, which plays a prominent role in searches for physics beyond the Standard Model.
description: 6 pages, 1 table, 3 figures. Comments on merging scale choice added. Distributions in the kT jet resolution variables added. Decomposition into individual jet multiplicities added. Comments on the uncertainty associated with the 3rd jet emission added. Reduced statistical uncertainties. Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
open-access.network Rätselpaket
Creators: name: Strauß, Helene
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Open Access
Open Science

description: Diese Handreichung umfasst eine Sammlung von interaktiven Rätseln und Spielen zum Thema Open Access, die aus mehreren Veranstaltungen im Rahmen des Projekts open-access.network von 2021 bis 2024 zusammengetragen wurden. Ihr könnt die Spiele als Inspiration nutzen, um Teilnehmer*innen von Workshops und Veranstaltungen spielerisch an das Thema Open Access heranzuführen. Wir hoffen, dass ihr mit diesem Dokument nicht nur euer Wissen erweitert, sondern auch andere dazu ermutigt, sich mit dem Thema Open Access auseinanderzusetzen.Alle Spiele sind offen lizenziert und wir freuen uns, wenn ihr sie nachnutzt.
description: Diese Handreichung ist im Rahmen des Verbundprojekts "open-access.network 2" erstellt und vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung gefördert worden (Förderkennzeichen 16KUV014). In der Version 1.1 wurde die Reihenfolge im Kreuzworträtsel korrigiert.
open-access.network Rätselpaket
Creators: name: Strauß, Helene
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Open Access
Open Science

description: Diese Handreichung umfasst eine Sammlung von interaktiven Rätseln und Spielen zum Thema Open Access, die aus mehreren Veranstaltungen im Rahmen des Projekts open-access.network von 2021 bis 2024 zusammengetragen wurden. Ihr könnt die Spiele als Inspiration nutzen, um Teilnehmer*innen von Workshops und Veranstaltungen spielerisch an das Thema Open Access heranzuführen.Wir hoffen, dass ihr mit diesem Dokument nicht nur euer Wissen erweitert, sondern auch andere dazu ermutigt, sich mit dem Thema Open Access auseinanderzusetzen.Alle Spiele sind offen lizenziert und wir freuen uns, wenn ihr sie nachnutzt.
description: Die Version 1.0 dieser Handreichung ist im Rahmen des Verbundprojekts "open-access.network 2" erstellt und vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung gefördert worden (Förderkennzeichen 16KUV014).
Dynamics of Osmosis in a Porous Medium
Creators: name: Cardoso, Silvana S. S.
name: Cartwright, Julyan H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive from kinetic theory, fluid mechanics, and thermodynamics the minimal continuum-level equations governing the flow of a binary, non-electrolytic mixture in an isotropic porous medium with osmotic effects. For dilute mixtures, these equations are linear and in this limit provide a theoretical basis for the widely-used semi-empirical relations of Kedem and Katchalsky (1958), which have hitherto been validated experimentally but not theoretically. The above linearity between the fluxes and the driving forces breaks down for concentrated or non-ideal mixtures, for which our equations go beyond the Kedem-Katchalsky formulation. We show that the heretofore empirical solute permeability coefficient reflects the momentum transfer between the solute molecules that are rejected at a pore entrance and the solvent molecules entering the pore space; it can be related to the inefficiency of a Maxwellian demi-demon.}
Graph-theoretical Bounds on the Entangled Value of Non-local Games
Creators: name: Chailloux, André
name: Mančinska, Laura
name: Scarpa, Giannicola
name: Severini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel technique to give bounds to the entangled value of non-local games. The technique is based on a class of graphs used by Cabello, Severini and Winter in 2010. The upper bound uses the famous Lovász theta number and is efficiently computable; the lower one is based on the quantum independence number, which is a quantity used in the study of entanglement-assisted channel capacities and graph homomorphism games.
description: 10 pages, submission to the 9th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication, and Cryptography (TQC 2014)
A theoretical study of the dynamics of atomic hydrogen on graphene bilayers
Creators: name: Moaied, M.
name: Moreno, J. A.
name: Caturla, M. J.
name: Ynduráin, F.
name: Palacios, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the dynamics of H atoms adsorbed on graphene bilayers with Bernal stacking. First, through extensive density functional theory calculations, including van der Waals interactions, we obtain the activation barriers involved in the desorption and migration processes of a single H atom. These barriers, along with attempt rates and the energetics of H pairs, are used as input parameters in kinetic Monte Carlo simulations to study the time evolution of an initial random distribution of adsorbed H atoms. The simulations reveal that, at room temperature, H atoms occupy only one sublattice before they completely desorb or form clusters. This sublattice selectivity in the distribution of H atoms may last for sufficiently long periods of time upon lowering the temperature down to 0 C. The final fate of the H atoms, namely, desorption or cluster formation, depends on the actual relative values of the activation barriers which can be tuned by doping. In some cases a sublattice selectivity can be obtained for periods of time experimentally relevant even at room temperature. This result shows the possibility for observation and applications of the ferromagnetic state associated with such distribution.
description: A mistake in the evaluation of the migration barrier has been corrected and the discussion has been changed accordingly. This version is significantly different from the original one
The impact of fluctuating initial conditions on bottomonium suppression in 5.02 TeV heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Alalawi, Huda
name: Boyd, Jacob
name: Shen, Chun
name: Strickland, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute bottomonium suppression and elliptic flow within the pNRQCD effective field theory using an open quantum systems approach. For the hydrodynamical background, we use 2+1D MUSIC second-order viscous hydrodynamics with IP-Glasma initial conditions and evolve bottom/antibottom quantum wave packets in real time in these backgrounds. We find that the impact of fluctuating initial conditions is small when compared to results obtained using smooth initial conditions. Including the effect of fluctuating initial conditions, we find that the Upsilon(1S) integrated elliptic flow is v_2[1S] = 0.005 +/- 0.002 +/- 0.001, with the first and second variations corresponding to statistical and systematic theoretical uncertainties, respectively.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; 2 page supplement with 3 figures
An Exponential Sum and Higher-Codimensional Subvarieties of Projective Spaces over Finite Fields
Creators: name: Miyatani, Kazuaki
name: Sano, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A general method to express in terms of Gauss sums the number of rational points of subschemes of projective schemes over finite fields is applied to the image of the triple embedding $\mathbb{P}^1\hookrightarrow\mathbb{P}^3$. As a consequence, we obtain a non-trivial description of the value of a Kloosterman-sum-like exponential sum.
description: 12 pages; to appear in Hiroshima Mathematical Journal
International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility Review Criteria for Endorsement of Standards and Best Practices v. 1.0
Creators: name: Martone, Maryann
name: Wojtek Goscinski
name: Das, Samir
name: Yamaguchi, Yoko
name: Ho, Eric Tatt Wei
name: Leergaard, Trygve
name: Hellgren-Kotaleski, Jeanette
name: Wachtler, Thomas
name: Kennedy, David
name: Abrams, Mathew
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: INCF has recently implemented a formal procedure for evaluating and endorsing community standards and best practices in support of the FAIR principles. By formally serving as a standards organization dedicated to open and FAIR neuroscience, INCF helps evaluate, promulgate, and coordinate standards and best practices across neuroscience.
On the feasibility of RADAR detection of high-energy neutrino-induced showers in ice
Creators: name: de Vries, Krijn D.
name: Hanson, Kael
name: Meures, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we try to answer the question whether the radar detection technique can be used for the detection of high-energy-neutrino induced particle cascades in ice. A high-energy neutrino interacting in ice will induce a particle cascade, also referred to as a particle shower, moving at approximately the speed of light. Passing through, the cascade will ionize the medium, leaving behind a plasma tube. The different properties of the plasma-tube, such as its lifetime, size and the charge-density will be used to obtain an estimate if it is possible to detect this tube by means of the radar detection technique. Next to the ionization electrons a second plasma due to mobile protons induced by the particle cascade is discussed. An energy threshold for the cascade inducing particle of 4 PeV for the electron plasma, and 20 PeV for the proton plasma is obtained. This allows the radar detection technique, if successful, to cover the energy-gap between several PeV and a few EeV in the currently operating neutrino detectors, where on the low side IceCube runs out of events, and on the high side the Askaryan radio detectors begin to have large effective volumes.
HI-to-H2 Transitions and H I Column Densities in Galaxy Star-Forming Regions
Creators: name: Sternberg, Amiel
name: Petit, Franck Le
name: Roueff, Evelyne
name: Bourlot, Jacques Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new analytic theory and radiative transfer computations for the atomic to molecular (HI-to-H2) transitions, and the build-up of atomic-hydrogen (HI) gas columns, in optically thick interstellar clouds, irradiated by far-ultraviolet photodissociating radiation fields. We derive analytic expressions for the total HI column densities for (1D) planar slabs, for beamed or isotropic radiation fields, from the weak- to strong-field limits, for gradual or sharp atomic to molecular transitions, and for arbitrary metallicity. Our expressions may be used to evaluate the HI column densities as functions of the radiation field intensity and the H2-dust-limited dissociation flux, the hydrogen gas density, and the metallicity-dependent H2 formation rate-coefficient and far-UV dust-grain absorption cross-section. We make the distinction between "HI-dust" and "H2-dust" opacity, and we present computations for the "universal H2-dust-limited effective dissociation bandwidth". We validate our analytic formulae with Meudon PDR code computations for the HI-to-H2 density profiles, and total HI column densities. We show that our general 1D formulae predict HI columns and H2 mass fractions that are essentially identical to those found in more complicated (and approximate) spherical (shell/core) models. We apply our theory to compute H2 mass fractions and star-formation thresholds for individual clouds in self-regulated galaxy disks, for a wide range of metallicities. Our formulae for the HI columns and H2 mass fractions may be incorporated into hydrodynamics simulations for galaxy evolution.
description: 33 pages, 15 figures, published in ApJS
Call for community review of NeuroML — A Model Description Language for Computational Neuroscience
Creators: name: Martone, Maryann
name: Das, Samir
name: Wojtek Goscinski
name: Hellgren-Kotaleski, Jeanette
name: Ho, Eric Tatt Wei
name: Kennedy, David
name: Leergaard, Trygve
name: Wachtler, Thomas
name: Yamaguchi, Yoko
name: Abrams, Mathew
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of this document is to solicit community feedback on NeuroML, a model description language for computational neuroscience, which was submitted to INCF for endorsement as a standard for imaging data. The document contains the INCF standards and best practices committee's review of NeuroML, and the criteria in which it was evaluated (open, FAIR, testing and implementation, governance, adoption and use, stability and support, and comparison to similar standards). For the next 60 days, we are seeking community feedback on NeuroML.

About NeuroML: the modelling language is built on the LEMS (Low Entropy Model Specification) language, which allows machine readable definitions of the cell, channel and synapse models which form the core of the language. This increases transparency of model structure and dynamics and facilitates automatic mapping of the models to multiple simulation formats. Software libraries for reading, writing and running simulations using the languages are under active development in Java and Python
Spectral theorem in noncommutative field theories: Jacobi dynamics
Creators: name: Géré, Antoine
name: Wallet, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jacobi operators appear as kinetic operators of several classes of noncommutative field theories (NCFT) considered recently. This paper deals with the case of bounded Jacobi operators. A set of tools mainly issued from operator and spectral theory is given in a way applicable to the study of NCFT. As an illustration, this is applied to a gauge-fixed version of the induced gauge theory on the Moyal plane expanded around a symmetric vacuum. The characterization of the spectrum of the kinetic operator is given, showing a behavior somewhat similar to a massless theory. An attempt to characterize the noncommutative geometry related to the gauge fixed action is presented. Using a Dirac operator obtained from the kinetic operator, it is shown that one can construct an even, regular, weakly real spectral triple. This spectral triple does not define a noncommutative metric space for the Connes spectral distance.
description: 31 pages. Improved version to be published. Section 4 modified. Various misprints corrected
Call for community review of PyNN — A simulator-independent language for building neuronal network models
Creators: name: Martone, Maryann
name: Das, Samir
name: Wojtek Goscinski
name: Hellgren-Kotaleski, Jeanette
name: Ho, Eric Tatt Wei
name: Kennedy, David
name: Leergaard, Trygve
name: Wachtler, Thomas
name: Yamaguchi, Yoko
name: Abrams, Mathew
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of this document is to solicit community feedback on PyNN, a simulator-independent language for building neuronal network models, which was submitted to INCF for endorsement as a standard for imaging data. The document contains the INCF standards and best practices committee's review of PyNN, and the criteria in which it was evaluated (open, FAIR, testing and implementation, governance, adoption and use, stability and support, and comparison to similar standards). For the next 60 days, we are seeking community feedback on PyNN.

About PyNN: the PyNN API aims to support modelling at a high-level of abstraction (populations of neurons, layers, columns and the connections between them) while still allowing access to the details of individual neurons and synapses when required. PyNN provides a library of standard neuron, synapse and synaptic plasticity models, which have been verified to work the same on the different supported simulators. PyNN also provides a set of commonly-used connectivity algorithms (e.g. all-to-all, random, distance-dependent, small-world) but makes it easy to provide your own connectivity in a simulator-independent way, either using the Connection Set Algebra or by writing your own Python code.
VIABILITY OF USING FLOWABLE FILL CONCRETE FOR BACK FILL IN THE ETHIOPIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Creators: name: BERUK DEREJE GULILAT
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Flowable Fill Concreet, Controlled low strength material (CLSM, )is a self-compacting, flowable, low

strength, cementitious material used primarily ask fbilal.c Flowable Fill Concret eis primarily used as

a replacement of compacted soairlo und pipes, bridge abutmentcsu, lverts and trenches; fill for

embankments, bedding for slabs and pipes; insulating fill; fill for caissons and piles; and fill for

abandonde storage tanks, shafts, and tunn els.

􀀬􀁗􀂶􀁖􀀃􀁎􀁑􀁒􀁚􀁑􀀃􀁗􀁋􀁄􀁗􀀃􀁗􀁋􀁈􀁕􀁈􀀃􀁄􀁕􀁈􀀃􀁐􀁄􀁑􀁜􀀃􀁆􀁒􀁑􀁖􀁗􀁕􀁘􀁆􀁗􀁌􀁒􀁑􀀃􀁓􀁕􀁒􀁍􀁈􀁆􀁗􀁖􀀃􀁚􀁋􀁌􀁆􀁋􀀃􀁄􀁆􀁆􀁒􀀫􀁒􀁚􀁈􀁙􀁈􀁕􀀏􀀃 􀁌􀁗􀂶􀁖􀀃 􀁆􀁒􀁐􀁐􀁒􀁑􀀃 􀁗􀁒􀀃 􀁋􀁈􀁕􀁈􀀃 􀁐􀁄􀁑ng􀁜 a􀀃nd􀁆 t􀁒he􀁐ir 􀁓po􀁏o􀁄r 􀁌􀁑􀁖􀀃 performances due tnoa rrow spaces left for backfill whichd o not allow heavy machines to ge tf oinr

compaction. In addition,􀁑 i 􀀃􀁖􀁒􀁐􀁈􀀃􀁆􀁄􀁖􀁈􀁖􀀃􀁒􀁉􀀃􀁅􀁄􀁆􀁎􀀃􀁉􀁌􀁏􀁏􀀏􀀃􀁌 w􀁗hi􀂶ch􀁖 􀀃􀁆􀁒􀁐􀁐􀁒􀁑􀀃􀁗􀁒􀀃􀁋􀁄􀁙􀁈􀀃􀁓􀁏􀁄􀁆􀁈􀁖􀀃􀁋􀁄􀁕􀁇􀀃􀁗􀁒􀀃􀁕􀁈􀁄􀁆􀁋

maybe left voida nd may result in poor performanc.e Thus using flowable fill concrte for back fill

gives a solution for the above mentioned proble ms.
title: L’examen de synthèse au doctorat dans un contexte universitaire québécois : expériences et conseils
Creators: name: Côté, Josée-Anne
name: Denis, Constance
Publisher: name: La Revue LEeE
Year: 2023
Subjects: examen de synthèse
doctorat
évaluation

description: Au Canada, l’examen de synthèse constitue une étape déterminante dans la majorité des programmes de doctorat (Ph. D.). Il s’avère pour certaines personnes étudiantes une épreuve anxiogène, comprise comme un rite de passage du doctorat, grade universitaire certifiant notamment l’aptitude à contribuer, par une recherche scientifique de haut niveau, à un champ donné. Le format de l’examen de synthèse et sa nomenclature diffèrent d’un programme à l’autre. Le processus et les attentes qui lui sont associés restent souvent flous pour les personnes étudiantes ou encadrantes, ce qui se répercute dans la littérature scientifique par une lacune dans les connaissances à son sujet. Dans le cadre de cet article, nous avons tenté 1) d’approfondir les connaissances sur l’examen de synthèse, 2) de décrire l’expérience de personnes doctorantes, 3) d’identifier des conseils pratiques pour favoriser la réussite de l’examen de synthèse. Les propos de douze personnes doctorantes de la Faculté d’éducation de l’Université de Sherbrooke, recueillis par l’entremise d’entretiens semi-dirigés, révèlent que l’expérience de l’examen de synthèse s’avère positive. La catégorisation et l’analyse de contenu des récits mettent par ailleurs en évidence l’importance de l’entourage, des pauses, des deuils et de la souplesse pour favoriser la réussite de l’examen.
Optical sensing of pH using thin films of substituted polyanilines
Creators: name: Pringsheim, Erika
name: Terpetschnig, Ewald
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: pH sensor; Polyanilines; Optical sensor; NIR sensor
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Polyanilines (PANIs) are viable materials for use in optical sensing of pH. Thin films of substituted PANI readily deposit on the inner walls of polystyrene cuvettes when a substituted aniline is chemically polymerized in hydrochloric acid solution. The films have been characterized by absorption spectra which have maxima between 600 and 810 nm, except for halogenated or p-substituted anilines. They undergo pH-dependent changes in their absorption spectra in the physiological pH range, and substituents exhibit a strong effect on pKa values. PANI films are advantageous over indicator-based pH sensor films in that they are not based on the use of indicator dyes, are compatible with LED and diode laser light sources, and can easily be prepared. Copolymers of aniline and anthranilic acid are shown to be useful supports for immobilization of the enzyme urease, and the resulting films can be used to detect urea. Films of substituted PANIs are redox-active and also respond to reductants such as ascorbic acid and hydrogen sulfide.
Probing gluon number fluctuation effects in future electron-hadron colliders
Creators: name: Amaral, J. T.
name: Goncalves, V. P.
name: Kugeratski, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The description of the QCD dynamics in the kinematical range which will be probed in the future electron - hadron colliders is still an open question. Although phenomenological studies indicate that the gluon number fluctuations, which are related to discreteness in the QCD evolution, are negligible at HERA, the magnitude of these effects for the next generation of colliders still should be estimated. In this paper we investigate inclusive and diffractive $ep$ observables considering a model for the physical scattering amplitude which describes the HERA data. Moreover, we estimate, for the first time, the contribution of the fluctuation effects for the nuclear structure functions. Our results indicate that the study of these observables in the future colliders can be useful to constrain the presence of gluon number fluctuations.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Improved version to be published in Nuclear Physics A
Quantum Phases of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Moiré Systems
Creators: name: Zhou, Yiqing
name: Sheng, D. N.
name: Kim, Eun-Ah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moiré systems provide a rich platform for studies of strong correlation physics. Recent experiments on hetero-bilayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) Moiré systems are exciting in that they manifest a relatively simple model system of an extended Hubbard model on a triangular lattice. Inspired by the prospect of the hetero-TMD Moiré system's potential as a solid-state-based quantum simulator, we explore the extended Hubbard model on the triangular lattice using the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG). Specifically, we explore the two-dimensional phase space of the kinetic energy relative to the interaction strength $t/U$ and the further-range interaction strength $V_1/U$. We find competition between Fermi fluid, chiral spin liquid, spin density wave, and charge density wave. In particular, our finding of the optimal further-range interaction for the chiral correlation presents a tantalizing possibility.
description: Published version
Cloning of a novel malignant melanoma-derived growth-regulatory protein, MIA
Creators: name: Blesch, A.
name: Bosserhoff, Anja-Katrin
name: Apfel, R.
name: Behl, C.
name: Hessdoerfer, B.
name: Schmitt, A.
name: Jachimczak, P.
name: Lottspeich, F.
name: Buettner, R.
name: Bogdahn, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Base Sequence
subject: DNA, Complementary/genetics
subject: Extracellular Matrix Proteins
subject: Humans
subject: Melanoma/chemistry
subject: Molecular Sequence Data
subject: Neoplasm Proteins/isolation & purification
subject: RNA, Messenger/analysis
subject: Recombinant Proteins/isolation & purification
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured

description: Growth and progression of malignant melanoma cells is influenced by a complex network of growth-stimulating and -inhibiting factors produced by both the tumor cells and the local environment. Here we report the purification and molecular cloning of a novel growth regulating protein, designated melanoma inhibitory activity (MIA) and provide a preliminary functional characterization. MIA is translated as a 131-amino acid precursor and processed into a mature 107-amino acid protein after cleavage of a putative secretion signal. A murine complementary DNA was isolated that encoded a MIA-protein with 88% amino acid identity. MIA is secreted into the culture supernatant by several malignant melanoma cell lines as an M(r) 11,000 autocrine growth factor and acts as a potent tumor cell growth inhibitor for malignant melanoma cells and some other neuroectodermal tumors, including gliomas. MIA has no homology to any other known protein and, therefore, represents a novel type of growth-regulatory factor. Furthermore, we describe a molecular approach to express functionally active MIA in Escherichia coli, which might be attractive as a future antitumor therapeutical substance.
pH optical sensors based on sol-gels: Chemical doping versus covalent immobilization
Creators: name: Lobnik, Aleksandra
name: Oehme, Ines
name: Murkovic, Ivana
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Optical sensors; Aminofluorescein; pH; Sol-gel; Covalent immobilization; Ormosil
subject: 540 Chemie

description: pH sensitive fluorescent sol-gels were obtained by both covalent immobilization of amino¯uorescein (AF) via isocyanate or epoxy groups, and by co-condensation of tetramethoxysilane (TMOS) and phenyltrimethoxysilane (Ph-TriMOS) in the presence of AF. The gel precursors were deposited on glass supports, cured, and characterized in terms of response to pH, pKa values, effects of ionic strength, response time, leaching, long-term stability, and photostability. The addition of Ph-TriMOS is found to exhibit a pronounced effect on the performance of the materials. Sensor layers based on TMOS doped with AF were found to be most appropriate for purposes of sensing pH in giving large relative signal changes and displaying rapid response times over the pH range 4-9.
Optimization of capacitive affinity sensors: drift suppression and signal amplification
Creators: name: Riepl, Michael
name: Mirsky, Vladimir M.
name: Novotny, Ivan
name: Tvarozek, Vladimir
name: Rehacek, Vlastimil
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Affinity sensor; Self-assembly; Capacitive sensor; Signal amplification; Immunosensor; Biosensor
subject: 540 Chemie

description: The detection limit of capacitive affinity sensors based on the gold±alkanethiol system can be improved by optimization of sensor preparation and by signal amplification. The dissociation of the gold±sulfur binding is often a critical point leading to operative errors of such sensors. The stability of self-assembled monolayers prepared with different thiols on gold electrodes in aqueous and organic solvents was studied by the capacitive technique. The results show that monolayers made of 16- mercaptohexadecanoic acid are stable in aqueous solution and can be hardly extracted from a gold surface by ethanol, methanol, or dioxane, while a considerable damage of self-assembled monolayers was observed due to incubation in chloroform or dimethylformamide. In contrast, self-assembled monolayers made from short-chain disulfides or thiols (such as 3,30-dithio-bis(propionic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) or 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid) displayed a poor stability in aqueous phase. Capacitive affinity sensors based on these short-chain thiols showed a considerable drift of the signal. The use of long-chain thiols resulted in a stable signal; it was applied to compare capacitive effects due to immobilization of different biological molecules and for preparation of different biosensors. The response of capacitive biosensors can be amplified by formation of a sandwich structure. This principle was illustrated by subsequent adsorption of polyclonal anti-HSA after binding of HSA with a sensor for HSA based on monoclonal antibodies.
Microsecond lifetime-based optical carbon dioxide sensor using luminescence resonance energy transfer
Creators: name: Neurauter, Gerhard
name: Klimant, Ingo
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Carbon dioxide; Energy transfer; Decay time sensing
subject: 540 Chemie

description: A lifetime-based optical sensor for the measurement of dissolved and gaseous carbon dioxide has been developed. The basic principle is radiationless energy transfer from ruthenium(II)-4,40-diphenyl-2,20-bipyridyl as luminescent donor to thymol blue (a common pH indicator) as acceptor, both embedded in a hydrophobic matrix. In the presence of carbon dioxide thymol blue is protonated and changes its color from blue to yellow resulting in a decrease in the rate of energy transfer and consequently an increase in decay time. The decay time as a pCO2-dependent parameter was measured in the frequency domain with a blue light emitting diode as a light source modulated at 75 kHz. The present sensor displays a phase shift up to 168 in the range 0±30 hPa of pCO2 corresponding to a change in decay time from 0.38 to 1.05 ms. The detection limit was found to be 0.5 mM (22 ppb) of dissolved carbon dioxide and the response times are of the order of 15 s when going from 0 to 30 hPa pCO2. The temperature behavior of the sensor has been studied in detail and a linear relationship Arrhenius plot has been found. The effect of molecular oxygen as a potential quencher of the luminescence was investigated in detail. The carbon dioxide sensor is stable over weeks, and is robust.
Well-posedness for a stochastic Camassa-Holm type equation with higher order nonlinearities
Creators: name: Miao, Yingting
name: Rohde, Christian
name: Tang, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 60H15, 35Q51. Secondary: 35A01, 35B30

description: This paper aims at studying a generalized Camassa--Holm equation under random perturbation. We establish a local well-posedness result in the sense of Hadamard, i.e., existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence on initial data, as well as blow-up criteria for pathwise solutions in the Sobolev spaces $H^s$ with $s>3/2$ for $x\in\mathbb{R}$. The analysis on continuous dependence on initial data for nonlinear stochastic partial differential equations has gained less attention in the literature so far. In this work, we first show that the solution map is continuous. Then we introduce a notion of stability of exiting time. We provide an example showing that one cannot improve the stability of the exiting time and simultaneously improve the continuity of the dependence on initial data. Finally, we analyze the regularization effect of nonlinear noise in preventing blow-up. Precisely, we demonstrate that global existence holds true almost surely provided that the noise is strong enough.
Swapping and entangling hyperfine coupled nuclear spin baths
Creators: name: Erbe, Björn
name: Schliemann, John
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We numerically study the hyperfine induced nuclear spin dynamics in a system of two coupled quantum dots in zero magnetic field. Each of the electron spins is considered to interact with an individual bath of nuclear spins via homogeneous coupling constants (all coupling coefficients being equal). In order to lower the dimension of the problem, the two baths are approximated by two single long spins. We demonstrate that the hyperfine interaction allows to utilize the nuclear baths for quantum information purposes. In particular, we show that it is possible to swap the nuclear ensembles on time scales of seconds and indicate that it might even be possible to fully entangle them. As a key result, it turns out that the larger the baths are, the more useful they become as a resource of quantum information. Interestingly, the nuclear spin dynamics strongly benefits from combining two quantum dots of different geometry to a double-dot setup.
Energy transfer-based lifetime sensing of chloride using a luminescent transition metal complex
Creators: name: Huber, Christian
name: Werner, Tobias
name: Krause, Christian
name: Klimant, Ingo
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Energy transfer; Decay time; Chloride sensor
subject: 540 Chemie

description: A bulk membrane responsive to chloride has been developed containing a luminescent ruthenium complex placed in close proximity to the pH-sensitive absorber bromothymol blue (BTB), both contained in a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane along with an anion-selective carrier. The response is based on the co-extraction of chloride along with protons from the aqueous sample into the PVC membrane and results in a large change in the absorbance of BTB. The absorption band of deprotonated BTB overlaps significantly with the emission band of the ruthenium complex so that radiationless energy transfer can take place and decay times are rather short (ca. 0.60 ms). If, however, chloride is co-extracted into the bulk along with a proton, the dye is converted into the yellow phenolic form. Hence, no energy transfer occurs and decay times are in the order of 1 ms. The signal changes can also be detected by measuring ¯uorescence intensity. The dynamic range can be adjusted via the sample pH and is from 30 to 180 mM chloride at pH 7.0 and thus covers the physiological range.
Creating images by adding masses to gravitational point lenses
Creators: name: Sète, Olivier
name: Luce, Robert
name: Liesen, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 85A04, 30D05, 31A05

description: A well-studied maximal gravitational point lens construction of S. H. Rhie produces $5n$ images of a light source using $n+1$ deflector masses. The construction arises from a circular, symmetric deflector configuration on $n$ masses (producing only $3n+1$ images) by adding a tiny mass in the center of the other mass positions (and reducing all the other masses a little bit). In a recent paper we studied this "image creating effect" from a purely mathematical point of view (Sète, Luce & Liesen, Comput. Methods Funct. Theory 15(1):9-35, 2015). Here we discuss a few consequences of our findings for gravitational microlensing models. We present a complete characterization of the effect of adding small masses to these point lens models, with respect to the number of images. In particular, we give several examples of maximal lensing models that are different from Rhie's construction and that do not share its highly symmetric appearance. We give generally applicable conditions that allow the construction of maximal point lenses on $n+1$ masses from maximal lenses on $n$ masses.
description: Minor corrections, update some references, to appear in GRG
Asymptotic behaviour of the Weyl tensor in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Ortaggio, Marcello
name: Pravdová, Alena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the leading order fall-off behaviour of the Weyl tensor in higher dimensional Einstein spacetimes (with and without a cosmological constant) as one approaches infinity along a congruence of null geodesics. The null congruence is assumed to "expand" in all directions near infinity (but it is otherwise generic), which includes in particular asymptotically flat spacetimes. In contrast to the well-known four-dimensional peeling property, the fall-off rate of various Weyl components depends substantially on the chosen boundary conditions, and is also influenced by the presence of a cosmological constant. The leading component is always algebraically special, but in various cases it can be of type N, III or II.
description: 32 pages. v2: added refs., corrected ref. [2] and a few typos (but equations unchanged), added 2 summarizing tables, minor changes to match the published version
Scalable numerical approach for the steady-state ab initio laser theory
Creators: name: Esterhazy, S.
name: Liu, D.
name: Liertzer, M.
name: Cerjan, A.
name: Ge, L.
name: Makris, K. G.
name: Stone, A. D.
name: Melenk, J. M.
name: Johnson, S. G.
name: Rotter, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient and flexible method for solving the non-linear lasing equations of the steady-state ab initio laser theory. Our strategy is to solve the underlying system of partial differential equations directly, without the need of setting up a parametrized basis of constant flux states. We validate this approach in one-dimensional as well as in cylindrical systems, and demonstrate its scalability to full-vector three-dimensional calculations in photonic-crystal slabs. Our method paves the way for efficient and accurate simulations of lasing structures which were previously inaccessible.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Pseudospin in optical and transport properties of graphene
Creators: name: Trushin, Maxim
name: Schliemann, John
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We show that the pseudospin being an additional degree of freedom for carriers in graphene can be efficiently controlled by means of the electron-electron interactions which, in turn, can be manipulated by changing the substrate. In particular, an out-of-plane pseudospin component can occur leading to a zero-field Hall current as well as to polarization-sensitive interband optical absorption.
Complete temporal characterization of a single photon
Creators: name: Qin, Zhongzhong
name: Prasad, Adarsh S.
name: Brannan, Travis
name: MacRae, Andrew
name: Lezama, A.
name: Lvovsky, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise information about the temporal mode of optical states is crucial for optimizing their interaction efficiency between themselves and/or with matter in various quantum communication devices. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate a method of determining both the real and imaginary components of a single photon's temporal density matrix by measuring the autocorrelation function of the photocurrent from a balanced homodyne detector at multiple local oscillator frequencies. We test our method on single photons heralded from biphotons generated via four-wave mixing in an atomic vapor and obtain excellent agreement with theoretical predictions for several settings.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Accepted by Light: Science & Applications. In press
Unexpected systematic degeneracy in a system of two coupled Gaudin models with homogeneous couplings
Creators: name: Erbe, Björn
name: Schliemann, John
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report an unexpected systematic degeneracy between different multiplets in an inversion symmetric system of two coupled Gaudin models with homogeneous couplings, as occurring for example in the context of solid state quantum information processing. We construct the full degenerate subspace (being of macroscopic dimension), which turns out to lie in the kernel of the commutator between the two Gaudinmodels and the coupling term. Finally we investigate to what extent the degeneracy is related to the inversion symmetry of the system and find that indeed there is a large class of systems showing the same type of degeneracy.
Deriving fundamental measure theory from the virial series: Consistency with the zero-dimensional limit
Creators: name: Marechal, Matthieu
name: Korden, Stephan
name: Mecke, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fundamental measure theory (FMT) for hard particles has great potential for predicting the phase behavior of colloidal and nanometric shapes. The modern versions of FMT are usually derived from the zero-dimensional limit, a system of at most one particle confined in a collection of cavities in the limit that all cavities shrink to the size of the particle. In [Phys. Rev. E 85, 041150 (2012)], a derivation from an approximated and resummed virial expansion was presented, whose result was not fully consistent with the FMT from the zero-dimensional limit. Here we improve upon this derivation and obtaining exactly the same FMT functional as was obtained earlier from the zero-dimensional limit. As a result, further improvements of FMT based on the virial expansion can now be formulated, some of which we suggest in the outlook.