cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Minimal Intervention to Promote Smoke-Free Homes among 2-1-1 Callers: North Carolina Randomized Effectiveness Trial
Creators: name: Williams, Rebecca S.
name: Haardörfer, Regine
name: Kreuter, Matthew W.
name: Hovell, Mel
name: Kegler, Michelle C.
name: Stollings, Jana H.
name: Mullen, Patricia Dolan
name: Bundy,
name: Morris, Marti
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This study examined the extent to which delivery of the minimal Smoke-Free Homes intervention by trained 2-1-1 information and referral specialists had an effect on the adoption of home smoking bans in low-income households. A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 2-1-1 callers (n = 500) assigned to control or intervention conditions. 2-1-1 information and referral specialists collected baseline data and delivered the intervention consisting of 3 mailings and 1 coaching call; university-based data collectors conducted follow-up interviews at 3 and 6 months post-baseline. Data were collected from June 2013 through July 2014. Participants were mostly female (87.2%), African American (61.4%), and smokers (76.6%). Participants assigned to the intervention condition were more likely than controls to report a full ban on smoking in the home at both 3- (38.1% vs 19.3%, p = < .001) and 6-month follow-up (43.2% vs 33.2%, p = .02). The longitudinal intent-to-treat analysis showed a significant intervention effect over time (OR = 1.31, p = .001), i.e. OR = 1.72 at 6 months. This study replicates prior findings showing the effectiveness of the minimal intervention to promote smoke-free homes in low-income households, and extends those findings by demonstrating they can be achieved when 2-1-1 information and referral specialists deliver the intervention. Findings offer support for this intervention as a generalizable and scalable model for reducing secondhand smoke exposure in homes.
Jump activity estimation for pure-jump semimartingales via self-normalized statistics
Creators: name: Todorov, Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive a nonparametric estimator of the jump-activity index $β$ of a "locally-stable" pure-jump Itô semimartingale from discrete observations of the process on a fixed time interval with mesh of the observation grid shrinking to zero. The estimator is based on the empirical characteristic function of the increments of the process scaled by local power variations formed from blocks of increments spanning shrinking time intervals preceding the increments to be scaled. The scaling serves two purposes: (1) it controls for the time variation in the jump compensator around zero, and (2) it ensures self-normalization, that is, that the limit of the characteristic function-based estimator converges to a nondegenerate limit which depends only on $β$. The proposed estimator leads to nontrivial efficiency gains over existing estimators based on power variations. In the Lévy case, the asymptotic variance decreases multiple times for higher values of $β$. The limiting asymptotic variance of the proposed estimator, unlike that of the existing power variation based estimators, is constant. This leads to further efficiency gains in the case when the characteristics of the semimartingale are stochastic. Finally, in the limiting case of $β=2$, which corresponds to jump-diffusion, our estimator of $β$ can achieve a faster rate than existing estimators.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOS1327 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Results of percutaneous and open suturing techniques for the ruptured Achilles tendon: radiological findings after six months
Creators: name: Augustinavicius, Vytautas
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Trauma
subject: MR
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Outcomes

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two surgical repair techniques for the ruptured Achilles tendon and to make comparisons between the surgically treated and the healthy leg by assessing the incidence of mucoid...
title: Role of MRI in assessment of shoulder capsule in symptomatic patients with previous proximal humeral fracture
Creators: name: Menon, Suraj
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Thickening of the inferior joint capsule is commonly seen following severe humeral neck/head trauma. It results in limitation of motion and joint stiffness. This post-traumatic condition overlaps with adhesive capsulitis and may cause diagnostic...
Learning-informed parameter identification in nonlinear time-dependent PDEs
Creators: name: Aarset, Christian
name: Holler, Martin
name: Nguyen, Tram Thi Ngoc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49M41

description: We introduce and analyze a method of learning-informed parameter identification for partial differential equations (PDEs) in an all-at-once framework. The underlying PDE model is formulated in a rather general setting with three unknowns: physical parameter, state and nonlinearity. Inspired by advances in machine learning, we approximate the nonlinearity via a neural network, whose parameters are learned from measurement data. The later is assumed to be given as noisy observations of the unknown state, and both the state and the physical parameters are identified simultaneously with the parameters of the neural network. Moreover, diverging from the classical approach, the proposed all-at-once setting avoids constructing the parameter-to-state map by explicitly handling the state as additional variable. The practical feasibility of the proposed method is confirmed with experiments using two different algorithmic settings: A function-space algorithm based on analytic adjoints as well as a purely discretized setting using standard machine learning algorithms.
A Qualitative Exploration of the Mental Health and Psychosocial Contexts of HIV-Positive Adolescents in Tanzania
Creators: name: Shayo, Aisa M.
name: O'Donnell, Karen
name: Cunningham, Coleen K.
name: Sullivan, Kristen A.
name: Mmbaga, Blandina T.
name: Dow, Dorothy E.
name: Ramaiya, Megan K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Although 85% of HIV-positive adolescents reside in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the psychosocial and mental health factors affecting their daily well-being. Identifying these contextual variables is key to development of culturally appropriate and effective interventions for this understudied and high-risk population. The purpose of this study was to identify salient psychosocial and mental health challenges confronted by HIV-positive youth in a resource-poor Tanzanian setting. A total of 24 qualitative interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of adolescents aged 12–24 receiving outpatient HIV care at a medical center in Moshi, Tanzania. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and coded using thematic analysis. Psychosocial challenges identified included loss of one or more parents, chronic domestic abuse, financial stressors restricting access to medical care and education, and high levels of internalized and community stigma among peers and other social contacts. Over half of youth (56%) reported difficulties coming to terms with their HIV diagnosis and espoused related feelings of self-blame. These findings highlight the urgent need to develop culturally proficient programs aimed at helping adolescents cope with these manifold challenges. Results from this study guided the development of Sauti ya Vijana (The Voice of Youth), a 10-session group mental health intervention designed to address the psychosocial and mental health needs of HIV-positive Tanzanian youth.
title: MAIN SLIPS ON SPONDYLODISCITIS DIAGNOSIS: pictorial essay
Creators: name: Leao, Renata
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection
subject: Abscess

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: The authors will present cases from our institution's casuistry that demonstrate: - The imaging findings that help to narrow the differential diagnosisofspondylodiscitis; - The main imaging pitfalls that make the spondylodiscitis diagnosis very...
A hierarchy of efficient bounds on quantum capacities exploiting symmetry
Creators: name: Fawzi, Omar
name: Shayeghi, Ala
name: Ta, Hoang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimal rates for achieving an information processing task are often characterized in terms of regularized information measures. In many cases of quantum tasks, we do not know how to compute such quantities. Here, we exploit the symmetries in the recently introduced $D^{\#}$ in order to obtain a hierarchy of semidefinite programming bounds on various regularized quantities. As applications, we give a general procedure to give efficient bounds on the regularized Umegaki channel divergence as well as the classical capacity and two-way assisted quantum capacity of quantum channels. In particular, we obtain slight improvements for the capacity of the amplitude damping channel. We also prove that for fixed input and output dimensions, the regularized sandwiched Rényi divergence between any two quantum channels can be approximated up to an $ε$ accuracy in time that is polynomial in $1/ε$.
CEM: Commonsense-aware Empathetic Response Generation
Creators: name: Sabour, Sahand
name: Zheng, Chujie
name: Huang, Minlie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A key trait of daily conversations between individuals is the ability to express empathy towards others, and exploring ways to implement empathy is a crucial step towards human-like dialogue systems. Previous approaches on this topic mainly focus on detecting and utilizing the user's emotion for generating empathetic responses. However, since empathy includes both aspects of affection and cognition, we argue that in addition to identifying the user's emotion, cognitive understanding of the user's situation should also be considered. To this end, we propose a novel approach for empathetic response generation, which leverages commonsense to draw more information about the user's situation and uses this additional information to further enhance the empathy expression in generated responses. We evaluate our approach on EmpatheticDialogues, which is a widely-used benchmark dataset for empathetic response generation. Empirical results demonstrate that our approach outperforms the baseline models in both automatic and human evaluations and can generate more informative and empathetic responses.
description: Accepted to AAAI 2022
title: Persistent ankle pain after inversion lesions: what the radiologist must look for
Creators: name: Leao, Renata
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Oedema

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: This study aims to illustrate the possible differential diagnosis of persistent ankle pain after inversion lesions. Illustrate the image patterns of each differential that may cause persistent pain after inversion lesions, including marrow...
A Randomized Controlled Study of Neurofeedback for Chronic PTSD
Creators: name: Gapen, Mark
name: Suvak, Michael K.
name: Van Der Kolk, Bessel A.
name: Hamlin, Ed
name: Spinazzola, Joseph
name: Hodgdon, Hilary
name: Musicaro, Regina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Brain/Computer Interaction (BCI) devices are designed to alter neural signals and, thereby, mental activity. This study was a randomized, waitlist (TAU) controlled trial of a BCI, EEG neurofeedback training (NF), in patients with chronic PTSD to explore the capacity of NF to reduce PTSD symptoms and increase affect regulation capacities.
Causal Fermion Systems: Classical Gravity and Beyond
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short review, we explain how and in which sense the causal action principle for causal fermion systems gives rise to classical gravity and the Einstein equations. Moreover, methods are presented for going beyond classical gravity, with applications to a positive mass theorem for static causal fermion systems, a connection between area change and matter flux and the construction of a quantum state.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures, notes of invited talk given at the 16th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, July 2021
Automatic Speech Recognition for Speech Assessment of Persian Preschool Children
Creators: name: Abaskohi, Amirhossein
name: Mortazavi, Fatemeh
name: Moradi, Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Preschool evaluation is crucial because it gives teachers and parents influential knowledge about children's growth and development. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the necessity of online assessment for preschool children. One of the areas that should be tested is their ability to speak. Employing an Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) system would not help since they are pre-trained on voices that differ from children's in terms of frequency and amplitude. Because most of these are pre-trained with data in a specific range of amplitude, their objectives do not make them ready for voices in different amplitudes. To overcome this issue, we added a new objective to the masking objective of the Wav2Vec 2.0 model called Random Frequency Pitch (RFP). In addition, we used our newly introduced dataset to fine-tune our model for Meaningless Words (MW) and Rapid Automatic Naming (RAN) tests. Using masking in concatenation with RFP outperforms the masking objective of Wav2Vec 2.0 by reaching a Word Error Rate (WER) of 1.35. Our new approach reaches a WER of 6.45 on the Persian section of the CommonVoice dataset. Furthermore, our novel methodology produces positive outcomes in zero- and few-shot scenarios.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, 1 algorithm
Geodesic motion in equal angular momenta Myers-Perry-AdS spacetimes
Creators: name: Delsate, Térence
name: Rocha, Jorge V.
name: Santarelli, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the geodesic motion of massive and massless test particles in the background of equally spinning Myers-Perry-anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes in five dimensions. By adopting a coordinate system that makes manifest the cohomogeneity-1 property of these spacetimes, the equations of motion simplify considerably. This allows us to easily separate the radial motion from the angular part and to obtain solutions for angular trajectories in a compact closed form. For the radial motion we focus our attention on spherical orbits. In particular, we determine the timelike innermost stable circular orbits (ISCOs) for these asymptotically AdS spacetimes, as well as the location of null circular orbits. We find that the ISCO dives below the ergosurface for black holes rotating close to extremality and merges with the event horizon exactly at extremality, in analogy with the four-dimensional Kerr case. For sufficiently massive black holes in AdS there exists a spin parameter range in which the background spacetime is stable against superradiance and the ISCO lies inside the ergoregion. Our results for massless geodesics show that there are no stable circular null orbits outside the horizon, but there exist such orbits inside the horizon, as well as around over-extremal spacetimes, i.e., naked singularities. We also discuss how these orbits deform from the static to the rotating case.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; v2: minor corrections, two Refs. added, matches published version
title: Denkschrift über die neulichen Dienstschicksale des kön. baier. Landrichters Schulz, als vorläufige Ehrenrettung und Mittel, rechtliches Gehör gegen die kön. Kreisstellen zu finden; [1818]
title: Zur Vertheilung unter die höchsten und hohen Vorstände u. Mitglieder der kön. obersten Staatsbehörden in München bestimmt
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Julius W.
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2005

description: Titelblatt handschriftlich
title: ULTRASOUND IMAGING OF THE NAILS: anatomy, technique and image findings
Creators: name: Leao, Renata
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Extremities

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: This study aims to discuss and illustrate the anatomy of the nail and the variety of subungual lesions in ultrasound (US). The purpose of this exhibit is: - To recognize characteristic imaging findings and anatomy of the normal nail apparatus. - To...
Quantum Expander Codes
Creators: name: Leverrier, Anthony
name: Tillich, Jean-Pierre
name: Zémor, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an efficient decoding algorithm for constant rate quantum hypergraph-product LDPC codes which provably corrects adversarial errors of weight $Ω(\sqrt{n})$ for codes of length $n$. The algorithm runs in time linear in the number of qubits, which makes its performance the strongest to date for linear-time decoding of quantum codes. The algorithm relies on expanding properties, not of the quantum code's factor graph directly, but of the factor graph of the original classical code it is constructed from.
Nanomaterials synthesis through CVD from polymer wastes
Creators: name: Trompeta, Aikaterini-Flora
name: Termine, Stefania
name: Tsimis, Evangelos
name: Semitekolos, Dionisios
name: Charitidis, Costas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: CVD
CNTs
Nanomaterials
Polymer wastes
Pyrolysis

description: Abstract submitted and presented as Poster in the Polymer Process and Innovation conference (PPI) held in Guimaraes on 13-15 of September 2023
Spread and asymmetry of typical quantum coherence and their inhibition in response to glassy disorder
Creators: name: Biswas, George
name: Sarkar, Santanu
name: Biswas, Anindya
name: Sen, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the average quantum coherences of typical redits and qudits - vectors of real and complex Hilbert spaces - with the analytical forms stemming from the symmetry of Haar-uniformly distributed random pure states. We subsequently study the response to disorder in spread of the typical quantum coherence in response to glassy disorder. The disorder is inserted in the state parameters. Even in the absence of disorder, the quantum coherence distributions of redits and qudits are not uniform over the range of quantum coherence, and the spreads are lower for higher dimensions. On insertion of disorder, the spreads decrease. This decrease in the spread of quantum coherence distribution in response to disorder is seen to be a generic feature of typical pure states: we observe the feature for different strengths of disorder and for various types of disorder distributions, viz. Gaussian, uniform, and Cauchy-Lorentz. We also find that the quantum coherence distributions become less asymmetric with increase in dimension and with infusion of glassy disorder.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
title: British children's books and the first world war 1914-2007
Creators: name: Budgen, David
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This thesis traces the developments in understanding of the First World War through the medium of children's books. Utilising novels, school textbooks, comics and story papers, it examines the changing attitudes towards the conflict, assesses the reasons behind such varying viewpoints, and examines the role children's writers play in establishing such perspectives. Chapter one focuses on the war years, 1914 to 1918. This period saw a plethora of material being produced for the young. Children's books were propagandistic, and often presented a view of the Great War that was far removed from reality. Often, it is argued, writers fell back on interpreting the war using more traditional understandings of warfare that both they and their audiences were familiar with. Chapter two looks at similar sources for the period 1919-1945. It examines the material in the context of other debates that were occurring in society at that time regarding the legacy of the war. Moreover, it assesses the extent to which the war could be presented in the same way to children as it had been during the conflict, given the greater knowledge in society about the experience of the war. Chapter three traces these ideas through the period after the Second World War up to the beginning of the twenty-first century. It argues that modern writers have used the war to comment on their own society; negative aspects of the war came to represent the extent to which modem society had changed for the better. Because of this the understanding of the war has been reduced to a few key, yet unrepresentative events. Furthermore, writers have been actively engaged in defending their interpretation of the conflict from modem historians who have attempted to present a more nuanced view of the Great War. These debates are still continuing.
Numerical model for 32-bit magnonic ripple carry adder
Creators: name: Garlando, U.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Dobrovolskiy, O. V.
name: Chumak, A. V.
name: Riente, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In CMOS-based electronics, the most straightforward way to implement a summation operation is to use the ripple carry adder (RCA). Magnonics, the field of science concerned with data processing by spin-waves and their quanta magnons, recently proposed a magnonic half-adder that can be considered as the simplest magnonic integrated circuit. Here, we develop a computation model for the magnonic basic blocks to enable the design and simulation of magnonic gates and magnonic circuits of arbitrary complexity and demonstrate its functionality on the example of a 32-bit integrated RCA. It is shown that the RCA requires the utilization of additional regenerators based on magnonic directional couplers with embedded amplifiers to normalize the magnon signals in-between the half-adders. The benchmarking of large-scale magnonic integrated circuits is performed. The energy consumption of 30 nm-based magnonic 32-bit adder can be as low as 961aJ per operation with taking into account all required amplifiers.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
A Systematic Approach to Multiple Breath Nitrogen Washout Test Quality
Creators: name: Hardaker, Kate
name: Kane, Mica
name: Klingel, Michelle
name: Jensen, Renee
name: Ratjen, Felix
name: Pizarro, Maria Ester
name: Stanojevic, Sanja
name: Hall, Graham L.
name: Saunders, Clare
name: Foong, Rachel
name: Ramsey, Kathryn
name: Webster, Hailey
name: Robinson, Paul D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Accurate estimates of multiple breath washout (MBW) outcomes require correct operation of the device, appropriate distraction of the subject to ensure they breathe in a manner representative of their relaxed tidal breathing pattern, and appropriate interpretation of the acquired data. Based on available recommendations for an acceptable MBW test, we aimed to develop a protocol to systematically evaluate MBW measurements based on these criteria.
title: Spectrum Of MRI Findings In Sports And Work Related Injuries Of Fingers And Thumb
Creators: name: Malik, Ghazala
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Experimental
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Equipment
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Trauma
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Oedema

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: INTRODUCTION: Hand characteristically being the front of the athlete absorbs the initial contact. Accordingly fingers and thumb injuries are very common comprising 9% of all sports-related injuries. Early attention to finger trauma is vital to...
Diffusion of innovations in Axelrod's model
Creators: name: Tilles, Paulo F. C.
name: Fontanari, José F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Axelrod's model for the dissemination of culture contains two key factors required to model the process of diffusion of innovations, namely, social influence (i.e., individuals become more similar when they interact) and homophily (i.e., individuals interact preferentially with similar others). The strength of these social influences are controlled by two parameters: $F$, the number of features that characterizes the cultures and $q$, the common number of states each feature can assume. Here we assume that the innovation is a new state of a cultural feature of a single individual -- the innovator -- and study how the innovation spreads through the networks among the individuals. For infinite regular lattices in one (1D) and two dimensions (2D), we find that initially the successful innovation spreads linearly with the time $t$, but in the long-time limit it spreads diffusively ($\sim t^{1/2}$) in 1D and sub-diffusively ($\sim t/\ln t$) in 2D. For finite lattices, the growth curves for the number of adopters are typically concave functions of $t$. For random graphs with a finite number of nodes $N$, we argue that the classical S-shaped growth curves result from a trade-off between the average connectivity $K$ of the graph and the per feature diversity $q$. A large $q$ is needed to reduce the pace of the initial spreading of the innovation and thus delimit the early-adopters stage, whereas a large $K$ is necessary to ensure the onset of the take-off stage at which the number of adopters grows superlinearly with $t$. In an infinite random graph we find that the number of adopters of a successful innovation scales with $t^γ$ with $γ=1$ for $K> 2$ and $1/2 < γ< 1$ for $K=2$. We suggest that the exponent $γ$ may be a useful index to characterize the process of diffusion of successful innovations in diverse scenarios.
title: MRI findings of patients with dorsal and volar intercalated segmental instability injuries of the wrist (DISI and VISI)
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Rajat
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Understanding the anatomy of the ligaments of the wrist Evaluation of the biomechanical patterns and severity of ligamentous injury resulting in dorsal and volar intercalated instability of the wrist Reviewing the spectrum of MRI findings in dorsal...
Exact asymptotic solutions to nonlinear Hawkes processes: a systematic classification of the steady-state solutions
Creators: name: Kanazawa, Kiyoshi
name: Sornette, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Hawkes point processes are first-order non-Markovian stochastic models of intermittent bursty dynamics with applications to physical, seismic, epidemic, biological, financial, and social systems. While accounting for positive feedback loops that may lead to critical phenomena in complex systems, the standard linear Hawkes process only describes excitative phenomena. To describe the co-existence of excitatory and inhibitory effects (or negative feedbacks), extensions involving nonlinear dependences of the intensity as a function of past activity are needed. However, such nonlinear Hawkes processes have been found hitherto to be analytically intractable due to the interplay between their non-Markovian and nonlinear characteristics, with no analytical solutions available. Here, we present various exact and robust asymptotic solutions to nonlinear Hawkes processes using the field master equation approach. We report explicit power law formulas for the steady state intensity distributions $P_{\mathrm{ss}}(λ)\propto λ^{-1-a}$, where the tail exponent $a$ is expressed analytically as a function of parameters of the nonlinear Hawkes models. We present three robust interesting characteristics of the nonlinear Hawkes process: (i) for one-sided positive marks (i.e., in the absence of inhibitory effects), the nonlinear Hawkes process can exhibit any power law relation either as intermediate asymptotics ($a\leq 0$) or as true asymptotics ($a>0$) by appropriate model selection; (ii) for distribution of marks with zero mean (i.e., for balanced excitatory and inhibitory effects), the Zipf law ($a\approx 1$) is universally observed for a wide class of nonlinear Hawkes processes with fast-accelerating intensity map; (iii) for marks with a negative mean, the asymptotic power law tail becomes lighter with an exponent increasing above 1 ($a>1$) as the mean mark becomes more negative.
description: 63 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Some remarks about normal rings
Creators: name: Lombardi, Henri
name: Coquand, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13B22 (03F65 13B30 13B40)

description: We give a constructive proof that $R[X]$ is normal when $R$ is normal. We apply this result to an operation needed for studying the henselization of a local ring. Our proof is based on the case where $R$ is without zero divisors, which is more involved than the case where $R$ is an integral domain. We have to use a constructive deciphering technique that replaces the use of minimal primes (in classical mathematics) by suitable explicit localizations in a suitable tree.
Smooth long-time existence of Harmonic Ricci Flow on surfaces
Creators: name: Buzano, Reto
name: Rupflin, Melanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that at a finite singular time for the Harmonic Ricci Flow on a surface of positive genus both the energy density of the map component and the curvature of the domain manifold have to blow up simultaneously. As an immediate consequence, we obtain smooth long-time existence for the Harmonic Ricci Flow with large coupling constant.
description: 29 pages, final version incorporating minor modifications based on comments from referees, to appear in J. London Math. Soc
Riemannian Hamiltonian methods for min-max optimization on manifolds
Creators: name: Han, Andi
name: Mishra, Bamdev
name: Jawanpuria, Pratik
name: Kumar, Pawan
name: Gao, Junbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study min-max optimization problems on Riemannian manifolds. We introduce a Riemannian Hamiltonian function, minimization of which serves as a proxy for solving the original min-max problems. Under the Riemannian Polyak--Łojasiewicz condition on the Hamiltonian function, its minimizer corresponds to the desired min-max saddle point. We also provide cases where this condition is satisfied. For geodesic-bilinear optimization in particular, solving the proxy problem leads to the correct search direction towards global optimality, which becomes challenging with the min-max formulation. To minimize the Hamiltonian function, we propose Riemannian Hamiltonian methods (RHM) and present their convergence analyses. We extend RHM to include consensus regularization and to the stochastic setting. We illustrate the efficacy of the proposed RHM in applications such as subspace robust Wasserstein distance, robust training of neural networks, and generative adversarial networks.
description: Extended version with proofs
Objektkultur um 1900. Der Tastsinn in Décadence und Wissenschaft
Creators: name: Moser, Thomas
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 069 Museumswissenschaft

description: Mit dem Dissertationsprojekt, aus dem der vorliegende Beitrag hervorgegangen ist, soll herausgearbeitet werden, dass und auf welche Weise der menschliche Körper in seiner physiologischen Präsenz in der Objektkultur des ausgehenden 19. Jahrhunderts eine tragende Rolle spielt. Die leibhaften Sinnesempfindungen wurden dabei im Kontext einer zunehmend physiologisch geprägten Ästhetik aufgewertet, so dass eine somatische Kunsterfahrung in Konkurrenz zur idealistisch-geistigen tritt. Eine ausdrückliche Herausforderung der Untersuchung liegt in der geistes- und insbesondere wissenschaftsgeschichtlichen Verortung objekthafter Kunstwerke, die bislang lediglich in der Sphäre der kunsthistorischen Kennerschaft betrachtet wurden. Die Emergenz somatischer Wahrnehmungsmodi wird an der kontinuierlichen Aufwertung des taktilen Sensoriums besonders deutlich. Ausgehend von der Annahme, dass das Kunsthandwerk mit haptischen Erfahrungshorizonten verknüpft ist, wird abschließend nach der methodischen Bedeutung der Haptik für die kunsthistorische Objektwissenschaft gefragt. Es wird vorgeschlagen, die haptische Erfahrung als epistemischen, objekt-konstituierenden Faktor gleichsam als integralen Bestandteil der Objektwissenschaft zu berücksichtigen.
Sub-monolayer adsorption isotherms and gas propagation of H2 and He in cryogenic copper tubes
Creators: name: Stöltzel, Anke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: adsorption isotherm
sub-monolayer
cryogenics
vacuum
antimatter traps
UHV

description: A presentation given within the Vacuum Group Seminars at CERN on the 6th December 2021 about the current status of adsorption measurements performed for the PUMA project. The measurements focus on the sub-monolayer adsorption behavior of hydrogen and helium on copper at 5 to 20 Kelvin. The data is fitted to the Dubinin-Radushkevich-Kaganer isotherm model and the fit is tested via propagation measurements in a copper tube and a cross-checked with COMSOL simulations. A prognosis is made for the vacuum condition in the PUMA cryostat.
Kilonova and Optical Afterglow from Binary Neutron Star Mergers. II. Optimal Search Strategy for Serendipitous Observations and Target-of-opportunity Observations of Gravitational-wave Triggers
Creators: name: Zhu, Jin-Ping
name: Wu, Shichao
name: Yang, Yuan-Pei
name: Liu, Chang
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Song, Hao-Ran
name: Gao, He
name: Cao, Zhoujian
name: Yu, Yun-Wei
name: Kang, Yacheng
name: Shao, Lijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the second work of this series, we explore the optimal search strategy for serendipitous and gravitational-wave-triggered target-of-opportunity (ToO) observations of kilonovae and optical short-duration gamma-ray burst (sGRB) afterglows from binary neutron star (BNS) mergers, assuming that cosmological kilonovae are AT2017gfo-like (but with viewing-angle dependence) and that the properties of afterglows are consistent with those of cosmological sGRB afterglows. A one-day cadence serendipitous search strategy with an exposure time of $\sim30\,$s can always achieve an optimal search strategy of kilonovae and afterglows for various survey projects. We show that the optimal detection rates of the kilonovae (afterglows) are $\sim0.3/0.6/1/20\,$yr$^{-1}$ ($\sim50/60/100/800\,$yr$^{-1}$) for ZTF/Mephisto/WFST/LSST, respectively A better search strategy for SiTian than the current design is to increase the exposure time. In principle, a fully built SiTian can detect $\sim7({2000})\,$yr$^{-1}$ kilonovae (afterglows). Population properties of electromagnetic (EM) signals detected via the serendipitous observations are studied in detail. For ToO observations, we predict that one can detect $\sim11\,{\rm{yr}}^{-1}$ BNS gravitational wave (GW) events during the fourth observing run (O4) by considering an exact duty cycle of the third observing run. The median GW sky localization area is expected to be $\sim10\,{\rm{deg}}^2$ for detectable BNS GW events. In O4, we predict that ZTF/Mephisto/WFST/LSST can detect $\sim5/4/3/3$ kilonovae ($\sim1/1/1/1$ afterglows) per year, respectively. The GW detection rates, GW population properties, GW sky localizations, and optimistic ToO detection rates of detectable EM counterparts for BNS GW events at the Advanced Plus, LIGO Voyager and ET\&CE eras are detailedly simulated in this paper.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables, accepted by ApJ
Archäometallurgische Untersuchungen in der (antiken) Numismatik zwischen Kritik und Nutzen
Creators: name: Pilekić, Marjanko
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 069 Museumswissenschaft

description: „Metallurgie“ und „Numismatik“ sind zwei Begriffe, die, so scheint es, wie ,Pech und Schwefel‘ zusammengehören sollten. Denn wo die archäologischen bzw. historisch-literarischen Quellen nicht weiterhelfen, kann die Kombination aus geistes-wissenschaftlicher Fragestellung und naturwissenschaftlicher Methode ganz neue Möglichkeiten eröffnen, um neue Erkenntnisse zu gewinnen. Doch ergeben sich aus der Anwendung metallurgischer Analysen an Münzen Probleme, die bloße technische Aspekte übersteigen. Neben der Schwierigkeit, Ergebnisse sinnvoll zu interpretieren, ist es bis heute trotz aller technischen Fortschritte noch nicht möglich, das notwendige Material den Münzen zu entnehmen, ohne da-bei Spuren auf der Oberfläche zu hinterlassen. Dieser Umstand fällt besonders dann ins Gewicht, wenn es abzuwägen gilt, wann Erkenntnisgewinn Vorrang vor dem Prinzip der Unversehrtheit von Kulturgütern hat. Als Teil meiner Dissertation innerhalb des IMAGMA-Projekts befasse ich mich am Rande auch mit den dazugehörigen metallurgischen Analysen. Daher soll in diesem Beitrag ein kurzer Überblick über die gemeinsame Geschichte der Numismatik und der Metallurgie gegeben werden und kursorisch die Schwierigkeiten wie die Möglichkeiten nachgezeichnet werden, die eine Verbindung dieser beiden Disziplinen mit sich bringt.
Observation of squeezed Chern insulator in an acoustic fractal lattice
Creators: name: Li, Junkai
name: Sun, Yeyang
name: Mo, Qingyang
name: Ruan, Zhichao
name: Yang, Zhaoju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators are a new phase of matter with the distinctive characteristics of an insulating bulk and conducting edge states. Recent theories indicate there even exist topological edge states in the fractal-dimensional lattices, which are fundamentally different from the current studies that rely on the integer dimensions. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate the squeezed Chern insulator in a fractal-dimensional acoustic lattice. First, through calculating the topological invariant of our topological fractal system, we find the topological phase diagram is squeezed by about 0.54 times, compared with that of the original Haldane model. Then by introducing synthetic gauge flux into an acoustic fractal lattice, we experimentally observe the one-way edge states that are protected by a robust mobility gap within the squeezed topological regimes. Our work demonstrates the first example of acoustic topological fractal insulators and provides new directions for the advanced control of sound waves.
Albuminuria Is Associated with Endothelial Dysfunction and Elevated Plasma Endothelin-1 in Sickle Cell Anemia
Creators: name: Archer, David R.
name: Cai, Jianwen
name: Derebail, Vimal K.
name: Hinderliter, Alan L.
name: Jones, Susan K.
name: Elsherif, Laila
name: Ataga, Kenneth I.
name: Pollock, David M.
name: Maitra, Poulami
name: Shen, Jessica H.
name: Caughey, Melissa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The pathogenesis of albuminuria in SCD remains incompletely understood. We evaluated the association of albuminuria with measures of endothelial function, and explored associations of both albuminuria and measures of endothelial function with selected biological variables (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], endothelin-1 [ET-1], soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 [sFLT-1], soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 [soluble VCAM-1] and plasma hemoglobin).
Treatment with Living Drugs: Pharmaceutical Aspects of CAR T Cells
Creators: name: Holzinger, Astrid
name: Abken, Hinrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CAR T cell, Living drug, Adoptive immunotherapy, Pharmacokinetics
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Adoptive therapy with genetically modified T cells achieves spectacular remissions in advanced hematologic malignancies. In contrast to conventional drugs, this kind of therapy applies viable autologous T cells that are ex vivo genetically engineered with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and are classified as advanced therapy medicinal products. Summary: As “living drugs,” CAR T cells differ from classical pharmaceutical drugs as they provide a panel of cellular capacities upon CAR signaling, including the release of effector molecules and cytokines, redirected cytotoxicity, CAR T cell amplification, active migration, and long-term persistence and immunological memory. Here, we discuss pharmaceutical aspects, the regulatory requirements for CAR T cell manufacturing, and how CAR T cell pharmacokinetics are connected with the clinical outcome. Key Messages: From the pharmacological perspective, the development of CAR T cells with high translational potential needs to address pharmacodynamic markers to balance safety and efficacy of CAR T cells and to address pharmacokinetics with respect to trafficking, homing, infiltration, and persistence of CAR T cells.
Tighter Constraints of Multi-Qubit Entanglement in Terms of Nonconvex Entanglement Measures LCREN and LCRENoA
Creators: name: Shen, Zhong-Xi
name: Xuan, Dong-Ping
name: Zhou, Wen
name: Wang, Zhi-Xi
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The monogamy property of entanglement is an intriguing feature of multipartite quantum entanglement. Most entanglement measures satisfying the monogamy inequality are turned out to be convex. Whether nonconvex entanglement measures obeys the monogamy inequalities remains less known at present. As a well known measure of entanglement, the logarithmic negativity is not convex. We elucidate the constraints of multi-qubit entanglement based on the logarithmic convex-roof extended negativity (LCREN) and the logarithmic convex-roof extended negativity of assistance (LCRENoA). Using the Hamming weight derived from the binary vector associated with the distribution of subsystems, we establish monogamy inequalities for multi-qubit entanglement in terms of the $α$th-power ($α\geq 4\ln2$) of LCREN, and polygamy inequalities utilizing the $α$th-power ($0 \leq α\leq 2$) of LCRENoA. We demonstrate that these inequalities give rise to tighter constraints than the existing ones. Furthermore, our monogamy inequalities are shown to remain valid for the high dimensional states that violate the CKW monogamy inequality. Detailed examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of our results in characterizing the multipartite entanglement distributions.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1801.09882 by other authors