cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Where can obesity management policy make the largest impact? Evaluating sub-populations through a microsimulation approach
Creators: name: Su, Wenqing
name: Chen, Fang
name: Dall, Timothy M.
name: Zvenyach, Tracy
name: Kyle, Theodore K.
name: Perreault, Leigh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: There is a critical need to focus limited resources on sub-groups of patients with obesity where we expect the largest return on investment. This paper identifies patient sub-groups where an investment may result in larger positive economic and health outcomes. Methods: The baseline population with obesity was derived from a public survey database and divided into sub-populations defined by demographics and disease status. In 2016, a validated model was used to simulate the incidence of diabetes, absenteeism, and direct medical cost in five care settings. Research findings were derived from the difference in population outcomes with and without weight loss over 15 years. Modeled weight loss scenarios included initial 5% or 12% reduction in body mass index followed by a gradual weight regain. Additional simulations were conducted to show alternative outcomes from different time courses and maintenance scenarios. Results: Univariate analyses showed that age 45–64, pre-diabetes, female, or obesity class III are independently predictive of larger savings. After considering the correlation between these factors, multivariate analyses projected young females with obesity class I as the optimal sub-group to control obesity-related medical expenditures. In contrast, the population aged 20–35 with obesity class III will yield the best health outcomes. Also, the sub-group aged 45–54 with obesity class I will produce the biggest productivity improvement. Each additional year of weight loss maintained showed increased financial benefits. Conclusions: This paper studied the heterogeneity between many sub-populations affected by obesity and recommended different priorities for decision-makers in economic, productivity, and health realms.
Confluence in Probabilistic Rewriting
Creators: name: Díaz-Caro, Alejandro
name: Martínez, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Driven by the interest of reasoning about probabilistic programming languages, we set out to study a notion of unicity of normal forms for them. To provide a tractable proof method for it, we define a property of distribution confluence which is shown to imply the desired uniqueness (even for infinite sequences of reduction) and further properties. We then carry over several criteria from the classical case, such as Newman's lemma, to simplify proving confluence in concrete languages. Using these criteria, we obtain simple proofs of confluence for $λ_1$, an affine probabilistic $λ$-calculus, and for Q$^*$, a quantum programming language for which a related property has already been proven in the literature.
description: LSFA 2017 Final version
Konsumentinnen vor der Wahl. Die Migros auf dem langen Weg zum Frauenstimmrecht in der Schweiz (1925-1971)
Creators: name: Rüdiger, Tim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Contemporary history

description: Der Kampf für das Frauenstimmrecht in der Schweiz ist in vielfältiger Weise mit dem «Migros-Komplex» verknüpft. Das Konglomerat aus Unternehmen (Migros-Genossenschafts-Bund MGB), damit verbundener Partei (Landesring der Unabhängigen LdU), weiteren Organisationen (Verband der Migros-Genossenschafterinnen SBMG, Frauenkommissionen des LdU) und ihren Publikationsorganen war daran beteiligt, Konsumentinnen im 20. Jahrhundert als politische Subjekte zu konzipieren. Dies begann 1925 mit Gottlieb Duttweilers Mobilisierung der «Schweizer Hausfrau» zu den Verkaufswagen der Migros. Es folgte nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg das Engagement von bekannten Stimmrechtlerinnen wie Mary Paravicini oder Gertrud Heinzelmann in Positionen der Migros. Und schliesslich betätigte sich der Detailhandelskonzern aktiv in den Abstimmungskämpfen zwischen 1959 und 1971.Die vorliegende Masterarbeit basiert einerseits auf Archiven und Nachlässen der Schweizer Frauenbewegung, andererseits auf dem Firmenarchiv und Publikationen der Migros. Damit verbindet sie politische Geschichte mit Konsumgeschichte. Die Arbeit untersucht die Geschlechterbilder, anhand welcher der Migros-Komplex zwischen 1925 und 1971 die Frauen mobilisierte und sich im Kampf ums Frauenstimmrecht positionierte. Weiter fragt sie, wie das Konzept des «citizen consumer» (Lizabeth Cohen) und damit die Idee einer Verschmelzung politischer und ökonomischer Rechte auf die Schweiz angewendet werden können. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Subjektposition der «politischen Konsumentin», beziehungsweise der «konsumierenden Bürgerin» sowohl ein kritisch-emanzipatorisches wie auch ein affirmativ-regressives Potential hatte.
Where can obesity management policy make the largest impact? Evaluating subpopulations through a microsimulation approach
Creators: name: Su, Wenqing
name: Chen, Fang
name: Dall, Timothy M.
name: Zvenyach, Tracy
name: Kyle, Theodore K.
name: Perreault, Leigh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Introduction: There is a critical need to focus limited resources on subgroups of patients with obesity where we expect the largest return on investment. This paper identifies patient subgroups where an investment may result in larger positive economic and health outcomes. Methods: The baseline population with obesity was derived from a public survey database and divided into subpopulations defined by demographics and disease status. In 2016 we used a validated model to simulate the incidence of diabetes, absenteeism, and direct medical cost in five care settings. Research findings were derived from the difference in population outcomes with and without weight loss over 15 years. Modeled weight loss scenarios included initial 5% or 12% reduction in body mass index followed by a gradual weight regain. Additional simulations were conducted to show alternative outcomes from different time courses and maintenance scenarios. Results: Univariate analyses showed that age 45-64, prediabetes, female, or obesity class III are independently predictive of larger savings. After considering correlation between these factors, multivariate analyses projected young females with obesity class I as the optimal subgroup to control obesity-related medical expenditures. In contrast, population aged 20-35 with obesity class III will yield the best health outcomes. And the subgroup aged 45-54 with obesity class I will produce the biggest productivity improvement. Each additional year of weight loss maintained showed increased financial benefits. Conclusions: This paper studied the heterogeneity between many subpopulations affected by obesity and recommended different priorities for decision makers in economic, productivity, and health realms.
Osteoarthritis Conceptualisation Scale Phase 2: Scale Development Protocol
Creators: name: Stanton, Tasha
name: Vogelzang, Anna
name: Pulling, Brian Wright
name: Moseley, G. Lorimer
name: Braithwaite, Felicity A
name: Butler, David
name: Catley, Mark J
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This study is a continuation of previous work, on the development of an assessment of conceptual frameworks (encompassing knowledge, beliefs, and concepts) for knee osteoarthritis and physical activity. Per guideline recommendations, we are taking a three-phase approach to the development and validation of this proposed scale about conceptual frameworks for knee osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, we have three primary objectives:
Meta-Kriging: Scalable Bayesian Modeling and Inference for Massive Spatial Datasets
Creators: name: Rajarshi Guhaniyogi
name: Sudipto Banerjee
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Spatial process models for analyzing geostatistical data entail computations that become prohibitive as the number of spatial locations becomes large. There is a burgeoning literature on approaches for analyzing large spatial datasets. In this article, we propose a divide-and-conquer strategy within the Bayesian paradigm. We partition the data into subsets, analyze each subset using a Bayesian spatial process model, and then obtain approximate posterior inference for the entire dataset by combining the individual posterior distributions from each subset. Importantly, as often desired in spatial analysis, we offer full posterior predictive inference at arbitrary locations for the outcome as well as the residual spatial surface after accounting for spatially oriented predictors. We call this approach “spatial meta-kriging” (SMK). We do not need to store the entire data in one processor, and this leads to superior scalability. We demonstrate SMK with various spatial regression models including Gaussian processes with Matern and compactly supported correlation functions. The approach is intuitive, easy to implement, and is supported by theoretical results presented in the supplementary material available online. Empirical illustrations are provided using different simulation experiments and a geostatistical analysis of Pacific Ocean sea surface temperature data. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Demystifying the Characteristics of 3D-Stacked Memories: A Case Study for Hybrid Memory Cube
Creators: name: Hadidi, Ramyad
name: Asgari, Bahar
name: Mudassar, Burhan Ahmad
name: Mukhopadhyay, Saibal
name: Yalamanchili, Sudhakar
name: Kim, Hyesoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Three-dimensional (3D)-stacking technology, which enables the integration of DRAM and logic dies, offers high bandwidth and low energy consumption. This technology also empowers new memory designs for executing tasks not traditionally associated with memories. A practical 3D-stacked memory is Hybrid Memory Cube (HMC), which provides significant access bandwidth and low power consumption in a small area. Although several studies have taken advantage of the novel architecture of HMC, its characteristics in terms of latency and bandwidth or their correlation with temperature and power consumption have not been fully explored. This paper is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to characterize the thermal behavior of HMC in a real environment using the AC-510 accelerator and to identify temperature as a new limitation for this state-of-the-art design space. Moreover, besides bandwidth studies, we deconstruct factors that contribute to latency and reveal their sources for high- and low-load accesses. The results of this paper demonstrates essential behaviors and performance bottlenecks for future explorations of packet-switched and 3D-stacked memories.
description: EEE Catalog Number: CFP17236-USB ISBN 13: 978-1-5386-1232-3
Dynamical robustness of complex networks subject to long-range connectivity
Creators: name: Majhi, Soumen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spite of a few attempts in understanding the dynamical robustness of complex networks, this extremely important subject of research is still in its dawn as compared to the other dynamical processes on networks. We hereby consider the concept of long-range interactions among the dynamical units of complex networks and demonstrate for the first time that such a characteristic can have noteworthy impacts on the dynamical robustness of networked systems, regardless of the underlying network topology. We present a comprehensive analysis of this phenomenon on top of diverse network architectures. Such dynamical damages being able to substantially affect the network performance, determining mechanisms that boost the robustness of networks becomes a fundamental question. In this work, we put forward a prescription based upon self-feedback that can efficiently resurrect global rhythmicity of complex networks composed of active and inactive dynamical units, and thus can enhance the network robustness. We have been able to delineate the whole proposition analytically while dealing with all d-path adjacency matrices, having an excellent agreement with the numerical results. For the numerical computations, we examine scale-free networks, Watts-Strogatz small world model and also Erdös-Rényi random network, along with Landau-Stuart oscillators for casting the local dynamics.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Royal Society A, 2022
Solubilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by novel ester-bonded Gemini prolinol-based surfactant and its binary mixtures with conventional surfactants
Creators: name: Liang, Yaqin
name: Zhang, Shuping
name: Li, Hui
name: Mao, Xiaoming
name: Li, Yan
name: Xie, Xuanjie
name: Ren, Jiaqi
name: Li, Gang
name: Lian, Rui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Aqueous interactions of a novel ester-bonded Gemini prolinol-based surfactant, 2,2′-((adipoylbis(oxy))bis(methylene))bis(1-dodecyl-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium) bromide C12-6-C12PB, with dodecyl sodium sulfate (SDS), dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB), tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (TTAB), or cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) were studied using conductomeric measurement. The experimental critical micelle concentration (CMC) was lower than the ideal CMC, and the negative interaction parameters indicate that there is a synergistic interaction between the surfactants in the binary solution. The solubilization capacities of single and binary surfactant systems towards polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (i.e., naphthalene, anthracene, and pyrene) were evaluated and are discussed in terms of the molar solubilization ratio (MSR), micelle-water partition coefficient (Km), and free energy of solubilization (ΔGso). C12-6-C12PB and SDS respectively had the minimum and maximum MSR when presented individually in the solution. The MSR values in the binary system are greater than those in the single surfactant system, and this indicates that synergism in a mixed system enhances PAH solubility. With a molar ratio of 0.7:0.3, C12-6-C12PB/SDS had a relatively greater solubilization capacity for PAHs because of large aggregates. The negative value of ΔGso indicates the spontaneity of the solubilization process.
Thermal dark matter via the flavon portal
Creators: name: Alvarado, Carlos
name: Elahi, Fatemeh
name: Raj, Nirmal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter (DM) is added to the Froggatt-Nielsen (FN) mechanism, and conditions for its successful freezeout identified. Requesting the FN scale $Λ_{\text{FN}}$ to be the cutoff of the theory renders freezeout scenarios surprisingly few. Fermionic DM is typically charged under $U(1)_{\text{FN}}$, with the dominant annihilation channel a CP-even flavon + CP-odd flavon. A minimal case is when the DM-flavon coupling strength is $\mathcal{O}(1)$, with several implications: (1) the DM mass is $\mathcal{O}$(100 GeV - 1 TeV), thanks to the WIMP coincidence, (2) requiring perturbativity of couplings puts a lower $and$ upper limit on the flavor scale, 2 TeV $\lesssim Λ_{\text{FN}} \lesssim 14~$TeV, on account of its relation to DM mass and couplings, (3) DM is a "secluded WIMP" effectively hidden from collider and direct detection searches. Limits on the masses of dark matter and mediators from kaon mixing measurements constitute the best constraints, surpassing Xenon1T, Fermi-LAT, and the LHC. Future direct detection searches, and collider searches for missing energy plus a single jet/bottom/top, are promising avenues for discovery.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures; v2: typos corrected, references added, version accepted for publication in PRD
D5.2 (M12) - Report of recommended implementation strategy for FAIR sharing of human data (an ELIXIR Norway ELIXIR3 deliverable)
Creators: name: Bianchini, Federico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Data Management
Metadata
Data submission, annotation and curation
Sensitive Data

description: This report provides an update on the work of Task 5.2 of WP5. The scope of this task is to facilitate the creation and sharing of data that is Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR) by aligning with national and international stakeholders. This document describes the metadata models available and analyses their strengths and weaknesses. The reports finally provide some recommendations for the Norwegian node of the Federated Genome-phenome Archive.
Resolution of the apparent discrepancy between the number of massive subhaloes in Abell 2744 and ΛCDM
Creators: name: Mao, Tian-Xiang
name: Wang, Jie
name: Frenk, Carlos S.
name: Gao, Liang
name: Li, Ran
name: Wang, Qiao
name: Cao, Xiaoyue
name: Li, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Schwinn et al. (2017) have recently compared the abundance and distribution of massive substructures identified in a gravitational lensing analysis of Abell 2744 by Jauzac et al. (2016) and N-body simulation and found no cluster in ΛCDM simulation that is similar to Abell 2744. Schwinn et al.(2017) identified the measured projected aperture masses with the actual masses associated with subhaloes in the MXXL N-body simulation. We have used the high resolution Phoenix cluster simulations to show that such an identification is incorrect: the aperture mass is dominated by mass in the body of the cluster that happens to be projected along the line-of-sight to the subhalo. This enhancement varies from factors of a few to factors of more than 100, particularly for subhaloes projected near the centre of the cluster. We calculate aperture masses for subhaloes in our simulation and compare them to the measurements for Abell 2744. We find that the data for Abell 2744 are in excellent agreement with the matched predictions from ΛCDM. We provide further predictions for aperture mass functions of subhaloes in idealized surveys with varying mass detection thresholds.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
Profile Monitoring of Probability Density Functions via Simplicial Functional PCA With Application to Image Data
Creators: name: Menafoglio, Alessandra
name: Grasso, Marco
name: Secchi, Piercesare
name: Colosimo, Bianca Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The advance of sensor and information technologies is leading to data-rich industrial environments, where large amounts of data are potentially available. This study focuses on industrial applications where image data are used more and more for quality inspection and statistical process monitoring. In many cases of interest, acquired images consist of several and similar features that are randomly distributed within a given region. Examples are pores in parts obtained via casting or additive manufacturing, voids in metal foams and light-weight components, grains in metallographic analysis, etc. The proposed approach summarizes the random occurrences of the observed features via their (empirical) probability density functions (PDFs). In particular, a novel approach for PDF monitoring is proposed. It is based on simplicial functional principal component analysis (SFPCA), which is performed within the space of density functions, that is, the Bayes space B2. A simulation study shows the enhanced monitoring performances provided by SFPCA-based profile monitoring against other competitors proposed in the literature. Finally, a real case study dealing with the quality control of foamed material production is discussed, to highlight a practical use of the proposed methodology. Supplementary materials for the article are available online.
Magnetic structure of solar flare regions producing hard X-ray pulsations
Creators: name: Zimovets, I. V.
name: Wang, R.
name: Liu, Y. D.
name: Wang, C. C.
name: Kuznetsov, S. A.
name: Sharykin, I. N.
name: Struminsky, A. B.
name: Nakariakov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analysis of the magnetic field in seven solar flare regions accompanied by the pulsations of hard X-ray (HXR) emission. These flares were studied by Kuznetsov et al. (2016) (Paper~I), and chosen here because of the availability of the vector magnetograms for their parent active regions (ARs) obtained with the SDO/HMI data. In Paper~I, based on the observations only, it was suggested that a magnetic flux rope (MFR) might play an important role in the process of generation of the HXR pulsations. The goal of the present paper is to test this hypothesis by using the extrapolation of magnetic field with the non-linear force-free field (NLFFF) method. Having done this, we found that before each flare indeed there was an MFR elongated along and above a magnetic polarity inversion line (MPIL) on the photosphere. In two flare regions the sources of the HXR pulsations were located at the footpoints of different magnetic field lines wrapping around the central axis, and constituting an MFR by themselves. In five other flares the parent field lines of the HXR pulsations were not a part of an MFR, but surrounded it in the form of an arcade of magnetic loops. These results show that, at least in the analyzed cases, the "single flare loop" models do not satisfy the observations and magnetic field modeling, while are consistent with the concept that the HXR pulsations are a consequence of successive episodes of energy release and electron acceleration in different magnetic flux tubes (loops) of a complex AR. An MFR could generate HXR pulsations by triggering episodes of magnetic reconnection in different loops in the course of its non-uniform evolution along an MPIL. However, since three events studied here were confined flares, actual eruptions may not be required to trigger sequential particle acceleration episodes in the magnetic systems containing an MFR.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (28 April 2018)
Profile Monitoring of Probability Density Functions via Simplicial Functional PCA with application to Image Data
Creators: name: Menafoglio, Alessandra
name: Grasso, Marco
name: Secchi, Piercesare
name: Colosimo, Bianca Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The advance of sensor and information technologies is leading to data-rich industrial environments, where large amounts of data are potentially available. This study focuses on industrial applications where image data are used more and more for quality inspection and statistical process monitoring. In many cases of interest, acquired images consist of several and similar features that are randomly distributed within a given region. Examples are pores in parts obtained via casting or additive manufacturing, voids in metal foams and light-weight components, grains in metallographic analysis, etc. The proposed approach summarizes the random occurrences of the observed features via their (empirical) probability density functions (PDFs). In particular, a novel approach for PDF monitoring is proposed. It is based on simplicial functional principal component analysis (SFPCA), which is performed within the space of density functions, i.e., the Bayes space B2. A simulation study shows the enhanced monitoring performances provided by SFPCA-based profile monitoring against other competitors proposed in the literature. Finally, a real case study dealing with the quality control of foamed material production is discussed, to highlight a practical use of the proposed methodology. Supplementary materials for the article are available online.
Sequential Bayesian Design for Accelerated Life Tests
Creators: name: I-Chen Lee
name: Yili Hong
name: Sheng-Tsaing Tseng
name: Tirthankar Dasgupta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Most of the recently developed methods on optimum planning for accelerated life tests (ALT) involve “guessing” values of parameters to be estimated, and substituting such guesses in the proposed solution to obtain the final testing plan. In reality, such guesses may be very different from true values of the parameters, leading to inefficient test plans. To address this problem, we propose a sequential Bayesian strategy for planning of ALTs and a Bayesian estimation procedure for updating the parameter estimates sequentially. The proposed approach is motivated by ALT for polymer composite materials, but are generally applicable to a wide range of testing scenarios. Through the proposed sequential Bayesian design, one can efficiently collect data and then make predictions for the field performance. We use extensive simulations to evaluate the properties of the proposed sequential test planning strategy. We compare the proposed method to various traditional non-sequential optimum designs. Our results show that the proposed strategy is more robust and efficient, as compared to existing non-sequential optimum designs. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Pseudogap and Fermi surface topology in the two-dimensional Hubbard model
Creators: name: Wu, Wei
name: Scheurer, Mathias S.
name: Chatterjee, Shubhayu
name: Sachdev, Subir
name: Georges, Antoine
name: Ferrero, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the distinctive features of hole-doped cuprate superconductors is the onset of a `pseudogap' below a temperature $T^*$. Recent experiments suggest that there may be a connection between the existence of the pseudogap and the topology of the Fermi surface. Here, we address this issue by studying the two-dimensional Hubbard model with two distinct numerical methods. We find that the pseudogap only exists when the Fermi surface is hole-like and that, for a broad range of parameters, its opening is concomitant with a Fermi surface topology change from electron- to hole-like. We identify a common link between these observations: the pole-like feature of the electronic self-energy associated with the formation of the pseudogap is found to also control the degree of particle-hole asymmetry, and hence the Fermi surface topology transition. We interpret our results in the framework of an SU(2) gauge theory of fluctuating antiferromagnetism. We show that a mean-field treatment of this theory in a metallic state with U(1) topological order provides an explanation of this pole-like feature, and a good description of our numerical results. We discuss the relevance of our results to experiments on cuprates.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
Energetic-particle-modified global Alfvén eigenmodes
Creators: name: Lestz, J. B.
name: Belova, E. V.
name: Gorelenkov, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fully self-consistent hybrid MHD/particle simulations reveal strong energetic particle modifications to sub-cyclotron global Alfvén eigenmodes (GAE) in low-aspect ratio, NSTX-like conditions. Key parameters defining the fast ion distribution function -- the normalized injection velocity $v_0/v_A$ and central pitch -- are varied in order to study their influence on the characteristics of the excited modes. It is found that the frequency of the most unstable mode changes significantly and continuously with beam parameters, in accordance with the Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonances which drive the modes, and depending most substantially on $v_0/v_A$. This unexpected result is present for both counter-propagating GAEs, which are routinely excited in NSTX, and high frequency co-GAEs, which have not been previously studied. Large changes in frequency without clear corresponding changes in mode structure could indicate the existence of a new energetic particle mode, referred to here as an energetic-particle-modified GAE (EP-GAE). Additional simulations conducted for a fixed MHD equilibrium demonstrate that the GAE frequency shift cannot be explained by the equilibrium changes due to energetic particle effects.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Exact fluctuations of nonequilibrium steady states from approximate auxiliary dynamics
Creators: name: Ray, Ushnish
name: Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic
name: Limmer, David T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a framework to significantly reduce the computational effort to evaluate large deviation functions of time integrated observables within nonequilibrium steady states. We do this by incorporating an auxiliary dynamics into trajectory based Monte Carlo calculations, through a transformation of the system's propagator using an approximate guiding function. This procedure importance samples the trajectories that most contribute to the large deviation function, mitigating the exponentially complexity of such calculations. We illustrate the method by studying driven diffusions and interacting lattice models in one and two dimensions. Our work offers an avenue to calculate large deviation functions for high dimensional systems driven far from equilibrium.
description: Accepted in Physical Review Letters (2018). v1: Main document: 5 pages, 3 figures. Supplementary information: 5 pages, 3 figures. v2: Main document: 5 pages, 3 figures. Supplementary information: 6 pages, 3 figures. Fixed some typos and notational inconsistencies. Expanded continuum tilted operator derivation in supplementary section
Effectiveness of omalizumab in adolescent and adult patients with chronic idiopathic/spontaneous urticaria: A systematic review of “real-world” evidence
Creators: name: Bernstein, Jonathan A.
name: Abhishek Kavati
name: Tharp, Michael D.
name: Ortiz, Benjamin
name: MacDonald, Karen
name: Denhaerynck, Kris
name: Abraham, Ivo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Introduction. Chronic idiopathic/spontaneous urticaria (CIU/CSU) is a dermatological condition characterized by itchy wheals and/or angioedema of continuous or intermittent duration of ≥6 weeks with a high burden of disease and impact on quality of life. Omalizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that inhibits the binding of IgE to high affinity receptors, and is approved for the CIU/CSU indication. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate and synthesize the evidence on the real-world effectiveness of omalizumab in CIU/CSU in daily clinical practice. Areas Covered. This review of 84 observational effectiveness studies covers treatments (dosing, medication use), clinical outcomes (treatment response, disease activity, quality of life), and safety. Expert Opinion. The clinical outcomes observed across studies underscore the real-world effectiveness of omalizumab in the management of CIU/CSU. Continued treatment may assist patients showing an initial response to achieve a complete treatment response. Response rates are aligned with observed changes in disease activity, symptom experience, and quality of life, and this across subtypes of CIU/CSU. The positive therapeutic profile is complemented by a positive safety profile. The real-world evidence summarized here points convincingly at the high degree of effectiveness of omalizumab in the treatment of CIU/CSU in daily clinical practice.
Massive MIMO CSI Feedback using Channel Prediction: How to Avoid Machine Learning at UE?
Creators: name: Shehzad, Muhammad Karam
name: Rose, Luca
name: Assaad, Mohamad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the literature, machine learning (ML) has been implemented at the base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) to improve the precision of downlink channel state information (CSI). However, ML implementation at the UE can be infeasible for various reasons, such as UE power consumption. Motivated by this issue, we propose a CSI learning mechanism at BS, called CSILaBS, to avoid ML at UE. To this end, by exploiting channel predictor (CP) at BS, a light-weight predictor function (PF) is considered for feedback evaluation at the UE. CSILaBS reduces over-the-air feedback overhead, improves CSI quality, and lowers the computation cost of UE. Besides, in a multiuser environment, we propose various mechanisms to select the feedback by exploiting PF while aiming to improve CSI accuracy. We also address various ML-based CPs, such as NeuralProphet (NP), an ML-inspired statistical algorithm. Furthermore, inspired to use a statistical model and ML together, we propose a novel hybrid framework composed of a recurrent neural network and NP, which yields better prediction accuracy than individual models. The performance of CSILaBS is evaluated through an empirical dataset recorded at Nokia Bell-Labs. The outcomes show that ML elimination at UE can retain performance gains, for example, precoding quality.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Analysis of a class of Kolmogorov systems
Creators: name: Moza, G.
name: Lazureanu, C.
name: Munteanu, F.
name: Sterbeti, C.
name: Florea, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C23, 37G10

description: A two-dimensional Kolmogorov system with two parameters and having a degenerate condition is studied in this work. We obtain local analytical properties of the system when the parameters vary in a sufficiently small neighborhood of the origin. The behavior of the system is described by bifurcation diagrams. Applications of Kolmogorov systems can be found particularly in modeling population dynamics in biology and ecology.
Dative epitaxy of commensurate monocrystalline covalent-van der Waals moiré supercrystal
Creators: name: Bian, Mengying
name: Zhu, Liang
name: Wang, Xiao
name: Choi, Junho
name: Chopdekar, Rajesh V.
name: Wei, Sichen
name: Wu, Lishu
name: Huai, Chang
name: Marga, Austin
name: Yang, Qishuo
name: Li, Yuguang C.
name: Yao, Fei
name: Yu, Ting
name: Crooker, Scott A.
name: Cheng, Xuemei M
name: Sabirianov, Renat F.
name: Zhang, Shengbai
name: Lin, Junhao
name: Hou, Yanglong
name: Zeng, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realizing van der Waals (vdW) epitaxy in the 80s represents a breakthrough that circumvents the stringent lattice matching and processing compatibility requirements in conventional covalent heteroepitaxy. However, due to the weak vdW interactions, there is little control over film qualities by the substrate. Typically, discrete domains with a spread of misorientation angles are formed, limiting the applicability of vdW epitaxy. Here we report the epitaxial growth of monocrystalline, covalent Cr5Te8 2D crystals on monolayer vdW WSe2 by chemical vapor deposition, driven by interfacial dative bond formation. The lattice of Cr5Te8, with a lateral dimension of a few ten microns, is fully commensurate with that of WSe2 via 3 x 3 (Cr5Te8)-7 x 7 (WSe2) supercell matching, forming a single crystalline moire superlattice. Our work has established a conceptually distinct paradigm of thin film epitaxy termed dative epitaxy, which takes full advantage of covalent epitaxy with chemical bonding for fixing the atomic registry and crystal orientation, while circumventing its stringent lattice matching and processing compatibility requirements; conversely, it ensures the full flexibility of vdW epitaxy, while avoiding its poor orientation control. Cr5Te8 2D crystals grown by dative epitaxy exhibit square magnetic hysteresis, suggesting minimized interfacial defects that can serve as pinning sites.
Same behaviours, different reasons: what do patients with co-occurring anorexia and autism want from treatment?
Creators: name: Kinnaird, Emma
name: Norton, Caroline
name: Stewart, Catherine
name: Tchanturia, Kate
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Research suggests that up to one in four individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) may be on the autistic spectrum, and that these autistic traits may not have been recognized or diagnosed prior to eating disorder (ED) treatment. Significantly, these heightened autistic traits are associated with poorer treatment outcomes, suggesting that treatment may need to be adapted for this population. The purpose of this study was to explore with people with AN on the autistic spectrum their experiences of ED treatment, and their views on what needs to be changed. Women with AN (n= 13), either with an autism diagnosis or presenting with clinically significant levels of autistic traits, were interviewed on their experiences of treatment and potential improvements. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings suggest that this population experience unique needs associated with their autism that are not being met by standard ED treatments, and recommendations are made for potential future adaptations. Future research into a more systematic approach for treatment adaptations for this population, including education programmes for clinicians, could potentially lead to better treatment experiences.
Optimism and Well-Being Among Institutionalized Older Adults
Creators: name: Santo, Helena Espirito
name: Daniel, Fernanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170102 Developmental Psychology and Ageing
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Abstract. Institutionalization is often related to the psychologically negative outcomes of old age. Optimism could alleviate suffering, but little is known about its role in institutionalized settings. We sought to explore optimism correlates and to determine whether it predicts emotional well-being variables, after controlling for potential covariates, by assessing 66 institutionalized elderlies. Optimism was low and associated with failure to do physical exercise, urinary incontinence, increased anxiety, depressive symptoms and feelings of loneliness, and reduced satisfaction with life and positive affect. Optimism predicted emotional well-being, albeit not over and above some covariates. Given the low optimism levels and the correlates, we suggest that intrapersonal resources could be intervention targets. It is our hope that our findings will inspire research to analyze interventions promoting optimism-beneficial combinations of well-being among institutionalized older adults.
Optimal Littlewood-Offord inequalities in groups
Creators: name: Juškevičius, T.
name: Šemetulskis, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove several Littlewood-Offord type inequalities for arbitrary groups. In groups having elements of finite order the worst case scenario is provided by the simple random walk on a certain cyclic subgroup. The inequalities we obtain are optimal if the underlying group contains an element of certain order. It turns out that for torsion-free groups Erdős's bound still holds. Our results strengthen and generalize some very recent results by Tiep and Vu.
Model Prediction of Self-Rotating Excitons in Two-Dimensional Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Trushin, Maxim
name: Goerbig, Mark Oliver
name: Belzig, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the quasiclassical concept of Berry curvature we demonstrate that a Dirac exciton - a pair of Dirac quasiparticles bound by Coulomb interactions - inevitably possesses an intrinsic angular momentum making the exciton effectively self-rotating. The model is applied to excitons in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, in which the charge carriers are known to be described by a Dirac-like Hamiltonian. We show that the topological self-rotation strongly modifies the exciton spectrum and, as a consequence, resolves the puzzle of the overestimated two-dimensional polarizability employed to fit earlier spectroscopic measurements.
description: 4+ pages, 2 figures, suppl. mat. added (4 pages), the title changed by PRL editors
Quantum solitonic wave-packet of a meso-scopic system in singularity free gravity
Creators: name: Buoninfante, Luca
name: Lambiase, Gaetano
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will discuss how to localise a quantum wave-packet due to self-gravitating meso-scopic object by taking into account gravitational self-interaction in the Schrödinger equation beyond General Relativity. In particular, we will study soliton-like solutions in infinite derivative ghost free theories of gravity, which resolves the gravitational $1/r$ singularity in the potential. We will show a unique feature that the quantum spread of such a gravitational system is larger than that of the Newtonian gravity, therefore enabling us a window of opportunity to test classical and quantum properties of such theories of gravity in the near future at a table-top experiment.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure. Version accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics B
Code for Survey on Molecular Tumor Board - OncoSET Program
Creators: name: Wehbe, Firas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111203 Cancer Genetics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111202 Cancer Diagnosis

description: Code for Survey on Molecular Tumor Board - Sent out by the OncoSET (Sequence Evaluate Treat) Precision Medicine Program at the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer
ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF GANCICLOVIR IN PHARMACEUTICALS: A MINI REVIEW *
Creators: name: Swathi Naraparaju
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ganciclovir is a purine analogue used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus diseases. The literature survey on ganciclovir revealed a number of analytical methods for its quantification. Present review is focused on method conditions, linearity offered, sensitivity, accuracy, precision and assay results of various analytical methods.

Keywords: Ganciclovir, Cytomegalo virus, Linearity, Spectroscopic method.
ABOUT SULTAN ABU SAID MIRZA IN "BABURNAMA" INFORMATION
Creators: name: Jumaboy Rakhimov Public safety of the Republic of Uzbekistan university professor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article is in " Baburnoma ". Sultan Abu Said Mirza period to history about - his family tree , children , political activity , his in hand service did emirs and another data open to give directed .

Kalit so'zlar: Sulton Abu Said Mirzo, Ko'ragon, Temuriylar, Boburiylar, Zahiriddin Muhammad Bobur, Boburnoma, Abdurazzoq Samarqandiy, Tarixi Rashidiy, Jahonshoh Qoraqo'yinli
The environment of the SN-less GRB 111005A at z = 0.0133
Creators: name: Tanga, M.
name: Krühler, T.
name: Schady, P.
name: Klose, S.
name: Graham, J. F.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Kann, D. A.
name: Nardini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collapsar model has proved highly successful in explaining the properties of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), with the most direct confirmation being the detection of a supernova (SN) coincident with the majority of nearby long GRBs. Within this model, a long GRB is produced by the core-collapse of a metal-poor, rapidly rotating, massive star. The detection of some long GRBs in metal-rich environments, and more fundamentally the three examples of long GRBs (GRB 060505, GRB 060614 and GRB 111005A) with no coincident SN detection down to very deep limits is in strong contention with theoretical expectations. In this paper we present MUSE observations of the host galaxy of GRB 111005A, which is the most recent and compelling example yet of a SN-less, long GRB. At z=0.01326, GRB 111005A is the third closest GRB ever detected, and second closest long duration GRB, enabling the nearby environment to be studied at a resolution of 270 pc. From the analysis of the MUSE data cube, we find GRB 111005A to have occurred within a metal-rich environment with little signs of ongoing star formation. Spectral analysis at the position of the GRB indicates the presence of an old stellar population (tau > 10 Myr), which limits the mass of the GRB progenitor to M_ZAMS<15 Msolar, in direct conflict with the collapsar model. Our deep limits on the presence of any SN emission combined with the environmental conditions at the position of GRB 111005A necessitate the exploration of a novel long GRB formation mechanism that is unrelated to massive stars.
description: Now accepted by A&A. Manuscript replaced to match accepted version. Some additional discussion added, and velocity map of the host galaxy now included