cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hospital Cost Functions
Creators: name: Lave, Judith R.
name: Lave, Lester B
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The hospital sector has been one of the most rapidly growing sectors in the American economy; expenditures on hospital services have been growing at an annual rate of 14% since 1965 (26). In 198 1 personal expenditures on hospital care were 1 18 billion dollars or 4% of the gross national product (26); an average day in a short-term hospital cost $284.33, while an average stay cost $2, 1 7 1 . 20 (2). The size and importance of the hospital sector has attracted much attention from health services researchers. Considerable resources have been directed to the estimation of hospital cost functions. Investigators have examined the factors that affect the level of hospital costs at a period of time and the factors that affect the increase in costs over time.
Estimating stellar ages and metallicities from parallaxes and broadband photometry - successes and shortcomings
Creators: name: Howes, Louise M.
name: Lindegren, Lennart
name: Feltzing, Sofia
name: Church, Ross P.
name: Bensby, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deep understanding of the Milky Way galaxy, its formation and evolution requires observations of huge numbers of stars. Stellar photometry, therefore, provides an economical method to obtain intrinsic stellar parameters. With the addition of distance information - deriving reliable ages from photometry is a possibility. We have developed a Bayesian method that generates 2D probability maps of a star's age and metallicity from photometry and parallax using isochrones. Our synthetic tests show that including a near-UV passband enables us to break the degeneracy between a star's age and metallicity for certain evolutionary stages. It is possible to find well-constrained ages and metallicities for turn-off and sub-giant stars with colours including a U band and a parallax with uncertainty less than ~20%. Metallicities alone are possible for the main sequence and giant branch. We find good agreement with the literature when we apply our method to the Gaia benchmark stars, particularly for turn-off and young stars. Further tests on the old open cluster NGC 188, however, reveal significant limitations in the stellar isochrones. The ages derived for the cluster stars vary with evolutionary stage, such that turn-off ages disagree with those on the sub-giant branch, and metallicities vary significantly throughout. Furthermore, the parameters vary appreciably depending on which colour combinations are used in the derivation. We identify the causes of these mismatches and show that improvements are needed in the modelling of giant branch stars and in the creation and calibration of synthetic near-UV photometry. Our results warn against applying isochrone fitting indiscriminately. In particular, the uncertainty on the stellar models should be quantitatively taken into account. Further efforts to improve the models will result in significant advancements in our ability to study the Galaxy.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 22 pages, 19 figures (+ 6 pages of appendix). Abstract abridged for the arXiv
Hospital Cost Function Analysis - Implications for Cost Controls
Creators: name: Lave, Judith R.
name: Lave, Lester B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The cost of a day in a United States hospital has been increasing on the order of 13 to 15 percent per year since the passage of the Medicare and Medicaid legislation. From August 1971 to May 1974 a number of regulations designed to lower the rate of cost increase in hospitals were implemented. These regulations represent a major attempt to contain hospital costs and are the only nationwide experiment that has been executed, although a number of small reimbursement experiments have been run. The results of this experiment must be evaluated carefully to determine whether regulations of this sort can be effective.
Quarks in the universe
Creators: name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter in its present form was formed when our Universe emerged from the quark-gluon phase (QGP) at about 30mus into its evolution. To explore this early period in the laboratory, we study highly excited matter formed in relativistic heavy ion collision experiments: heavy nuclei crash into each other, and form compressed and energetically excited nuclear matter, resembling in its key features the stuff which filled the early Universe. In these experiments we further explore the physics of the vacuum structure of strongly interacting gauge theory, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). The common beginning for both, heavy ion collisions, and vacuum structure investigations, is the physics of the quantum electrodynamic (QED) vacuum in the presence of the supercritical external field that is formed when two highly charged heavy ions are brought together near to the Coulomb barrier in a considerably lower reaction energy collision.
description: 15 pages, Dedicated to Prof. Walter Greiner on occasion of 70'th birthday, Prepared for International Symposium on Heavy Ion Physics 2006 (ISHIP 2006), Frankfurt, Germany, 3-6 Apr 2006. Published in Int.J.Mod.Phys.E16:813-828,2007
Frequency Domain Simulations of Charge-Density-Wave Strains: Comparison with Electro-Optic Measurements
Creators: name: Ladino, L.
name: Brill, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied changes in charge-density-wave strain under application of square-wave currents of variable amplitude and frequency by numerically solving the phase-slip augmented diffusion model introduced by Adelman et al (Phys. Rev. B 53, 1833 (1996)). The frequency dependence of the strain, at each position and amplitude, was fit to a modified harmonic oscillator expression, and the position and current dependence of the fitting parameters determined. In particular, the delay time (1/resonant frequency) vanishes adjacent to the contact and grows with distance from the contact, and both the delay time and relaxation time decrease rapidly with increasing current (and phase-slip rate), as experimentally observed in the electro-optic response of blue bronze. We have also found that pinning the phase at the contacts causes more rapid changes in strain between the contacts than allowing the phase to flow outside the contacts.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Beaune (XVe siècle), Cart. 177 (11 H 289), 197 folios, f. 0068
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les domaines de Beaune (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 177 (11 H 289), 197 folios, f. 0068, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions d’Izeure (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 177 (11 H 289), 197 folios, f. 0068, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
A Monte Carlo Event Generator for W Off-shell Pair Production including Higher Order Electromagnetic Radiative Corrections
Creators: name: Anlauf, H.
name: Dahmen, H. D.
name: Manakos, P.
name: Mannel, T.
name: WOPPER
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Monte Carlo event generator {\tt WOPPER} for pair production of $W$'s and their decays at high energy $e^+e^-$ colliders. {\tt WOPPER} includes the effects from finite $W$ width and focusses on the calculation of higher order electromagnetic corrections in the leading log approximation including soft photon exponentiation and explicit generation of exclusive hard photons.
description: Contribution to the Second Workshop -- Munich, Annecy, Hamburg: $e^+e^-$ Collisions at 500~GeV: The Physics Potential, November 20, 1992, to April 3, 1993. LaTeX, 6 pages + 4 uuencoded EPS figures, IKDA 93/28, SI-93-4
Hospital cost estimation controlling for case-mix
Creators: name: Lave, Judith R.
name: Lave, Lester B.
name: Silverman, Lester P.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Hospitals are multiproduct firms producing a multitude of different services at differing quality and cost levels. Thus, in estimating hospital cost functions the product mix and activity levels must be accounted for in either a vector measure of output or a vector of explanatory variables characterizing product mix. The multiproduct nature of hospitals is common to most firms and industries and guarantees estimation difficulties including collinearity among the explanatory variables. Other than expanding the data base, there are few suggestions for improving regression estimates in collinear situations
Directed Self-Assembly of Polarizable Ellipsoids in an External Electric Field
Creators: name: Azari, Arash
name: Crassous, Jérôme J.
name: Mihut, Adriana M.
name: Bialik, Erik
name: Schurtenberger, Peter
name: Stenhammar, Joakim
name: Linse, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between shape anisotropy and directed long-range interactions enables the self-assembly of complex colloidal structures. As a recent highlight, ellipsoidal particles polarized in an external electric field were observed to associate into well-defined tubular structures. In this study, we investigate systematically such directed self-assembly using Monte Carlo simulations of a two-point-charge model of polarizable prolate ellipsoids. In spite of its simplicity and computational efficiency, we demonstrate that the model is capable of capturing the complex structures observed in experiments on ellipsoidal colloids at low volume fractions. We show that, at sufficiently high electric field strength, the anisotropy in shape and electrostatic interactions causes a transition from 3-dimensional crystal structures observed at low aspect ratios to 2-dimensional sheets and tubes at higher aspect ratios. Our work thus illustrates the rich self-assembly behavior accessible when exploiting the interplay between competing long- and short-range anisotropic interactions in colloidal systems.
description: To appear in Langmuir
Full configuration interaction quantum Monte Carlo benchmark and multireference coupled cluster studies of tetramethyleneethane diradical
Creators: name: Veis, Libor
name: Antalík, Andrej
name: Legeza, Örs
name: Alavi, Ali
name: Pittner, Jiří
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a FCI-quality benchmark calculation for the tetramethyleneethane molecule in cc-pVTZ basis set employing a subset of CASPT2(6,6) natural orbitals for the FCIQMC calculation. The results are in an excellent agreement with the previous large scale diffusion Monte Carlo calculations by Pozun et al. and available experimental results. Our computations verified that there is a maximum on PES of the ground singlet state ($^1\text{A}$) $45^{\circ}$ torsional angle and the corresponding vertical singlet-triplet energy gap is $0.01$ eV. We have employed this benchmark for assessment of the accuracy of MkCCSDT and DMRG-tailored CCSD (TCCSD) methods. MR MkCCSDT with CAS(2,2) model space, though giving good values for the singlet-triplet energy gap, is not able to properly describe the shape of the multireference singlet PES. Similarly, DMRG(24,25) is not able to correctly capture the shape of the singlet surface, due to the missing dynamic correlation. On the other hand, the DMRG-tailored CCSD method describes the shape of the ground singlet state with an excellent accuracy, but for the correct ordering requires computation of the zero-spin-projection component of the triplet state ($^3\text{B}_1$).
Dilemmata nachhaltiger Ernährung
Creators: name: Iversen, Nicola
name: Klopitzke, Carolin
name: Marchlowitz, Felicitas
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: sustainability
food
sociology

description: Working Paper Series "Sustainable Lives - Food Choices" Project website Dieses Working Paper entstand als Projektbericht im Seminar „Nachhaltige Lebensführung.
 Ernährung“ (M.A. Soziologie) im Wintersemester 2018/2019 unter der Leitung von Stefanie
 Kley und Alicia Dunker.
Right coideal subalgebras in $U_q(\frak{sl}_{n+1}).$
Creators: name: Kharchenko, V.
name: Sagahon, A. V. Lara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30; 17B37

description: We offer a complete classification of right coideal subalgebras which contain all group-like elements for the multiparameter version of the quantum group $U_q(\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})$ provided that the main parameter $q$ is not a root of 1. As a consequence, we determine that for each subgroup $Σ$ of the group $G$ of all group-like elements the quantum Borel subalgebra $U_q^+ (\mathfrak{sl}_{n+1})$ containes $(n+1)!$ different homogeneous right coideal subalgebras $U$ such that $U\cap G=Σ.$ If $q$ has a finite multiplicative order $t>2,$ the classification remains valid for homogeneous right coideal subalgebras of the multiparameter version of the Lusztig quantum group $u_q (\frak{sl}_{n+1}).$ In the paper we consider the quantifications of Kac-Moody algebras as character Hopf algebras [V.K. Kharchenko, A combinatorial approach to the quantifications of Lie algebras, Pacific J. Math., 203(1)(2002), 191- 233].
A Deal with the Devil: From Divergent Perturbation Theory to an Exponentially-Convergent Self-Consistent Expansion
Creators: name: Remez, Benjamin
name: Goldstein, Moshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For many nonlinear physical systems, approximate solutions are pursued by conventional perturbation theory in powers of the non-linear terms. Unfortunately, this often produces divergent asymptotic series, collectively dismissed by Abel as "an invention of the devil." An alternative method, the self-consistent expansion (SCE), has been introduced by Schwartz and Edwards. Its basic idea is a rescaling of the zeroth-order system around which the solution is expanded, to achieve optimal results. While low-order SCEs have been remarkably successful in describing the dynamics of non-equilibrium many-body systems (e.g., the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation), its convergence properties have not been elucidated before. To address this issue we apply this technique to the canonical partition function of the classical harmonic oscillator with a quartic $gx^{4}$ anharmonicity, for which perturbation theory's divergence is well-known. We obtain the $N$th order SCE for the partition function, which is rigorously found to converge exponentially fast in $N$, and uniformly in $g\ge0$. We use our results to elucidate the relation between the SCE and the class of approaches based on the so-called "order-dependent mapping." Moreover, we put the SCE to test against other methods that improve upon perturbation theory (Borel resummation, hyperasymptotics, Padé approximants, and the Lanczos $τ$-method), and find that it compares favorably with all of them for small $g$ and dominates over them for large $g$. The SCE is shown to successfully capture the correct partition function for the double-well potential case, where no perturbative expansion exists. Our treatment is generalized to the case of many oscillators, as well as to any nonlinearity of the form $g|x|^{q}$ with $q\ge0$ and complex $g$. These results allow us to treat the Airy function, and to see the fingerprints of Stokes lines in the SCE.
description: 40 pages, 11 figures. v3: implemented peer review suggestions
HFAG Charm Mixing Averages
Creators: name: Petersen, B. Aa.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the first evidence for charm mixing has been reported by several experiments. To provide averages of these mixing results and other charm results, a new subgroup of the Heavy Flavor Averaging Group has been formed. We here report on the method and results of averaging the charm mixing results.
description: To be published in the proceedings of CHARM07, Ithaca, NY, August 2007, eConf C070805
Hormesis: policy implications
Creators: name: Lave, Lester B
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Protecting workers and the public from toxic chemicals, particularly carcinogens, has been a principal focus of public policy. Uncertainty regarding the toxicity of particular chemicals and their dose–response relationship has led to the use of the ‘precautionary principle’ in which regulators are willing to accept more costly regulation than necessary in order to prevent exposure and disease from these toxic chemicals. The Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) current policy of using ‘mechanism of action’ to set regulations means that hormesis could be used by the EPA without any change in policy if hormesis is accepted as scientifically valid. Hormesis could result in a qualitative change in regulatory policy. Because exposure to toxic chemicals conveys no health benefit in the current dose–response model, public risk aversion leads to a Delaney Clause-like ‘no-risk’ model for policy: ban toxic chemicals or lower exposure to trivial levels. Hormesis implies that individuals benefit from low exposure to toxicants. Although hormesis may not be relevant for individuals with compromised immune systems, it would be expected to help the vast majority of people. If so, permitting exposure levels that provided the greatest health benefit to most people would be balanced against these same levels hurting the most immune-compromised individuals. Public health routinely makes these trade-offs using a ‘risk–risk’ model. Thus, hormesis could transform the ‘no-risk’ approach into a ‘risk–risk’ approach that could tolerate much higher exposures to toxic chemicals than the current policy. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HORMESIS: Implications for Public Policy Regarding Toxicants
Creators: name: Lave, Lester B
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Protecting workers and the public from toxic chemicals, particularly carcinogens, has been a principal goal of public policy. In the absence of knowing by what mechanism of action a toxicant harms people, regulatory toxicology assumes that even tiny doses can cause harm. Risk aversion has led to legislation and regulation that seek to ban toxic chemicals or lower exposure to trivial levels. Contradicting this policy, many studies show health benefits from low-level exposure to toxicants, including some carcinogens. This is known as hormesis. Thus, hormesis could lead to a fundamental change in the policy for regulating toxic substances. In particular, all toxicants that benefit health at low-level exposures should face similar change in regulations for low-dose exposure. The result would be the dissolving of the source of differences in policy for carcinogens and noncarcinogens at low doses. Two questions must be answered before hormesis can be incorporated into regulatory policy. (a) Are there sensitive individuals who would be harmed at doses that would help most people? (b) Is the hormetic effect toxicant specific or would exposure to just a few toxicants achieve the full benefit from hormesis?
title: Finding the best configuration for biological simulations at PhysiBoSS
title: Εύρεση της καλύτερης σύνθεσης για βιολογικές προσομοιώσεις στο PhysiBoSS
Creators: name: Τσολεκας Μαριος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Biological simulations for simulating large cell populations have become a
necessary tool in modern science and the software that has been developed
with that goal in mind is complex, having to emulate not only how
neighboring cells interact with each other, but also how external stimuli
and environmental factors affect the population as a whole and how it
affects groups of it. It is of no surprise then, that these simulations have a
considerable execution time, which makes it time consuming to exhaustively
run those simulations for different configurations in search of an optimal
result.
The system presented in this thesis ventures to remedy that problem
by leveraging Bayesian optimization to stochastically find that optimal
configuration, for PhysiBoSS’s biological simulations, that minimizes the
number of alive cancer cells. By treating simulations as black box functions
and modeling them based on samples selected by an acquisition function, it
is possible to rapidly converge to an optimal configuration that corresponds
to the desired global optima using only a small number of simulations, for
example in a search space of a few thousand data points this process would
require less than fifty samples.
description: Οι βιολογικές προσομοιώσεις με στόχο την προσομοίωση μεγάλων πληθυσμών
κυττάρων έχουν καθιερωθεί πλέον ως ένα απαραίτητο εργαλείο της μοντέρνας
επιστήμης και το λογισμικό που έχει αναπτυχθεί με αυτόν τον σκοπό
κατά νου είναι περίπλοκο, καθώς χρειάζεται να προσομοιώσει όχι μόνο την
αλληλεπίδραση των γειτονικών κυττάρων, αλλά και το πώς επηρεάζεται το
καθένα από εξωτερικούς ερεθισμούς, καθώς και πως επηρεάζονται ομάδες
εξ αυτών. Βάσει των παραπάνω δεν καθιστά έκπληξη το ότι αυτές οι
προσομοιώσεις έχουν αρκετά μεγάλο χρόνο εκτέλεσης, πράγμα που καθιστά
δύσκολη και χρονοβόρα την εκτέλεσή τους για κάθε δυνατό συνδυασμό
παραμέτρων σε αναζήτηση ενός βέλτιστου αποτελέσματος.
Το σύστημα που παρουσιάζεται σε αυτή την διπλωματική εργασία έχει
ως στόχο την επίλυση αυτού του προβλήματος, χρησιμοποιώντας την μέθοδο
της Μπαεσιανής βελτιστοποίησης για να βρει στοχαστικά έναν βέλτιστο
συνδυασμό παραμέτρων, για τις βιολογικές προσομοιώσεις του PhysiBoSS,
ο οποίος θα ελαχιστοποιεί τον αριθμό των ζωντανών καρκινικών κυττάρων.
Θεωρώντας τις προσομοιώσεις αυτές ως συναρτήσεις «μαύρα κουτιά» και
μοντελοποιώντας τες βάσει δειγμάτων που επιλέγονται από μια συνάρτηση
απόκτησης, καθίσταται δυνατό να συγκλίνει γοργά το σύστημα σε έναν
βέλτιστο συνδυασμό παραμέτρων που αντιστοιχεί στο επιθυμητό ολικό
μέγιστο ή ελάχιστο, εκτελώντας έναν πολύ μικρό αριθμό προσομοιώσεων, για
παράδειγμα, σε έναν χώρο αναζήτησης μερικών χιλιάδων σημείων η διαδικασία
αυτή θα χρειαστεί λιγότερα από πενήντα δείγματα.
Decomposing qubit positive-operator valued measurements into continuous destructive weak measurements
Creators: name: Chen, Yi-Hsiang
name: Brun, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown that any generalized measurement can be decomposed into a sequence of weak measurements corresponding to a stochastic process. However, the weak measurements may require almost arbitrary unitaries, which are unlikely to be realized by any real measurement device. Furthermore, many measurement processes are destructive, like photon counting procedures that terminate once all photons are consumed. One cannot expect to have full control of the evolution of a state under such destructive measurements, and the possible unitaries allow only a limited set of weak measurements. In this paper, we consider a qubit model of destructive weak measurements, which is a toy version of an optical cavity, in which the state of an electromagnetic field mode inside the cavity leaks out and is measured destructively while the vacuum state |0> leaks in to the cavity. At long times, the state of the qubit inevitably evolves to be |0>, and the only available control is the choice of measurement on the external ancilla system. Surprisingly, this very limited model can still perform an arbitrary projective measurement on the qubit in any basis, where the probability of getting an outcome satisfies the usual Born rule. Combining this method with probabilistic post processing, the result can be extended to any generalized measurement with commuting POVM elements. This implies, among other results, that any two-outcome POVM on a qubit can be decomposed into a sequence of destructive weak measurements by this restricted measurement device.
description: 6 pages
Constraining the Age-Activity Relation for Cool Stars: The SDSS DR5 Low-Mass Star Spectroscopic Sample
Creators: name: West, Andrew A.
name: Hawley, Suzanne L.
name: Bochanski, John J.
name: Covey, Kevin R.
name: Reid, I. Neill
name: Dhital, Saurav
name: Hilton, Eric J.
name: Masuda, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic analysis of over 38,000 low-mass stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 5 (DR5). Analysis of this unprecedentedly large sample confirms the previously detected decrease in the fraction of magnetically active stars (as traced by H-alpha emission) as a function of vertical distance from the Galactic Plane. The magnitude and slope of this effect varies as a function of spectral type. Using simple 1-D dynamical models, we demonstrate that the drop in activity fraction can be explained by thin disk dynamical heating and a rapid decrease in magnetic activity. The timescale for this rapid activity decrease changes according to the spectral type. By comparing our data to the simulations, we calibrate the age-activity relation at each M dwarf spectral type. We also present evidence for a possible decrease in the metallicity as a function of height above the Galactic Plane. In addition to our activity analysis, we provide line measurements, molecular band indices, colors, radial velocities, 3-D space motions and mean properties as a function of spectral type for the SDSS DR5 low-mass star sample.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in AJ
Highway congestion and congestion tolls
Creators: name: Boardman, Anthony E.
name: Lave, Lester B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Highway congestion is ubiquitous. We model the speed-flow relationship, identifying private and social costs, and the implied congestion toll for a number of proposed formulations. Using data for a limited access highway, we estimate these speed-flow relationships and find that flow as a quadratic function of speed fits best. The unit of observation is the individual vehicle and flow is measured in terms of the vehicles which passed a point shortly before or after the reference vehicle. Maximum possible flow occurs at 30–35 mph and the congestion toll is infinite for slower speeds. Rush-hour drivers have greater speeds for a given volume of traffic and thus congestion tolls must vary by time of day.
Additional file 4 of The precision and agreement of corneal thickness and keratometry measurements with SS-OCT versus Scheimpflug imaging
Creators: name: Zhao, Yune
name: Chen, Ding
name: Savini, Giacomo
name: Wang, Qing
name: Zhang, Hongfang
name: Jin, Yili
name: Song, Benhao
name: Ning, Rui
name: Huang, Jinhai
name: Mei, Chenyang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Interobserver reproducibility outcomes for corneal power obtained using Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging in children.
Helium: Investments in the Future
Creators: name: Epple, Dennis
name: Lave, Lester B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This article develops and implements a method for evaluating an exhaustible resource (helium) whose rate of production is governed by the rate of production of a second exhaustible resource (natural gas). We determine optimum future price and consumption paths, optimal production rates from various sources, and optimal storage policies for a number of scenarios. We conduct a sensitivity analysis to find which of several possible storage policies performs best for a variety of demand growth rates and discount rates.
The polar clasps of a bank vole PrP(168--176) prion protofibril revisiting
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiapu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: On 2018-01-17 two electron crystallography structures (with PDB entries 6AXZ, 6BTK) on a prion protofibril of bank vole PrP(168-176) (a segment in the PrP $β$2-$α$2 loop) were released into the PDB Bank. The paper published by [Nat Struct Mol Biol 25(2):131-134 (2018)] reports some polar clasps for these two crystal structures, and "an intersheet hydrogen bond between Tyr169 and the backbone carbonyl of Asn171 on an opposing strand." - this hydrogen bond is not between the neighbouring Chain B and Chain A directly. In addition, by revisiting the polar clasps, we found another two hydrogen bonds (B.Asn171@H-A.Gln172@OE1, B.Tyr169@OH-A.Gln172@N) between the strand A of one sheet and the opposing strand B of the mating sheet. For the neighbouring two single $β$-sheets AB, the two new hydrogen bonds are completely different from the experimental one (an intersheet hydrogen bond between Tyr169 and the backbone carbonyl of Asn171 on an opposing strand) in [Nat Struct Mol Biol 25(2):131-134 (2018)].
O hábito em Hume - uma resposta ao ceticismo pirrônico
Creators: name: Lavieri, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Na seção II das Investigações sobre o entendimento humano, o filósofo David Hume distingue explicitamente entre os dois tipos de percepções que a mente vivencia: o primeiro tipo ocorre no momento da ocorrência de um determinado evento e o segundo
 tipo é representado pela a sua posterior lembrança deste evento. Mais especificamente este segundo tipo será explorado ao longo das seções subsequentes e até ao final da seção V das IEH. Este tipo é denominado por Hume por pensamento ou ideia. Hume constata que os diversos pensamentos e ideias que ocorrem à mente (ou ao espírito, em seus dizeres), estão sujeitos a um princípio regente que opera sua conexão. Esta ligação é realizada com uma regularidade tal, de modo que são observados um
 encadeamento e um posterior fluxo contínuo que prontamente se permite que seja percebida uma eventual interrupção neste processo, mesmo durante a elaboração de raciocínios complexos quanto nos devaneios errantes e imprecisos. O encadeamento de ideias é reconhecido a partir de três formas. Os dois primeiros são mais ou menos evidentes e são exemplificados por Hume: por semelhança, (primeira forma) como num retrato e seu original e por contiguidade (segunda forma), como ao mencionarmos um andar de um edifício em que os demais são subentendidos. Hume executa uma análise mais atenta à terceira forma de encadeamento de ideias, que são as realizadas por relações de causa e efeito. Esse aprofundamento é feito a partir da seção IV das IEH e é justificado pela ponderação acerca de sua natureza ser de origem racional. Hume identifica essa classe de objeto da razão como questões de fato. Será a partir da análise destas relações de causa e efeito que será respondida a seguinte pergunta, formulada no abstract da obra Tratado da Natureza Humana: "(...) a filosofia nos tornaria totalmente pirrônicos [céticos], caso a natureza não lhe oferecesse tão forte oposição".
Impact Factors and the Central Limit Theorem: Why Citation Averages Are Scale Dependent
Creators: name: Antonoyiannakis, Manolis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Citation averages, and Impact Factors (IFs) in particular, are sensitive to sample size. We apply the Central Limit Theorem (CLT) to IFs to understand their scale-dependent behavior. For a journal of $n$ randomly selected papers from a population of all papers, we expect from the CLT that its IF fluctuates around the population average $μ$, and spans a range of values proportional to $σ/\sqrt[]{n}$, where $σ^2$ is the variance of the population's citation distribution. The $1/\sqrt[]{n}$ dependence has profound implications for IF rankings: The larger a journal, the narrower the range around $μ$ where its IF lies. IF rankings therefore allocate an unfair advantage to smaller journals in the high IF ranks, and to larger journals in the low IF ranks. We expect a scale-dependent stratification of journals in IF rankings, whereby small journals occupy top, middle, and bottom ranks; mid-sized journals occupy middle ranks; and very large journals have IFs that asymptotically approach $μ$. We confirm these predictions by analyzing (i) 166,498 IF \& journal-size data pairs in the 1997--2016 Journal Citation Reports of Clarivate Analytics, (ii) the top-cited portion of 276,000 physics papers published in 2014--2015, and (iii) the citation distributions of an arbitrarily sampled list of physics journals. We conclude that the CLT is a good predictor of the IF range of actual journals, while sustained deviations from its predictions are a mark of true, non-random, citation impact. IF rankings are thus misleading unless one compares like-sized journals or adjusts for these effects. We propose the $Φ$ index, a rescaled IF adjusted for size, which can be generalized to account also for different citation practices across research fields. Our methodology applies also to citation averages used to compare research fields, university departments or countries in various rankings.
Higgs Search : Present and Future
Creators: name: Godbole, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk I review theoretical bounds on mass of the Higgs scalar in the Standard Model(SM) and then summarise current experimental limits from the LEP experiments. Following this I discuss the search strategies for the SM Higgs at LEP 200 and the TeV energy \eplem\ colliders which are under discussion. This will be followed by a summary of the Higgs search potential of the pp supercolliders such as SSC/LHC. I then close with a brief discussion of a `Dark Higgs' whose dominant decay modes are into invisible channels.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures, available on request. Latex, needs equation.sty, added at the end of manuscript. BU-TH-93/1
Helium Policies
Creators: name: Epple, Dennis
name: Lave, Lester B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Edward F. Hammel et al (24 Feb., p. 789) advocate helium policies that are common in the literature. However, we disagree with their analysis.
The influence of residual gas expulsion on the evolution of the Galactic globular cluster system and the origin of the Population II halo
Creators: name: Baumgardt, H.
name: Kroupa, P.
name: Parmentier, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results on the evolution of the mass function of the globular cluster system of the Milky Way, taking the effect of residual gas expulsion into account. We assume that gas embedded star clusters start with a power-law mass function with slope β=2. The dissolution of the clusters is then studied under the combined influence of residual gas expulsion driven by energy feedback from massive stars, stellar mass-loss, two-body relaxation and an external tidal field. The influence of residual gas expulsion is studied by applying results from a large grid of N-body simulations computed by Baumgardt & Kroupa (2007). In our model, star clusters with masses less than 10^5 M_sun lose their residual gas on timescales much shorter than their crossing time and residual gas expulsion is the main dissolution mechanism for star clusters, destroying about 95% of all clusters within a few 10s of Myr. We find that in this case the final mass function of globular clusters is established mainly by the gas expulsion and therefore nearly independent of the strength of the external tidal field, and that a power-law mass function for the gas embedded star clusters is turned into a present-day log-normal one. Another consequence of residual gas expulsion and the associated strong infant mortality of star clusters is that the Galactic halo stars come from dissolved star clusters. Since field halo stars would come mainly from low-mass, short-lived clusters, our model provides an explanation for the observed abundance variations of light elements among globular cluster stars and the absence of such variations among the halo field stars.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, MNRAS accepted
Comparison of Hartree-Fock and Hartree-Fock-Slater approximations for calculation of radiation damage dynamics of light and heavy atoms in the field of x-ray free electron laser
Creators: name: Kozlov, Alexander
name: Quiney, Harry M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulations of radiation damage in single molecule imaging using a X-ray free electron laser use atomic rates calculated in the lowest order. We investigate the difference in ion yield predictions using Hartree-Fock and Hartree-Fock-Slater pproximations for light and heavy elements of biological significance. The results show that for the biologically abundant elements of the second and third rows of the periodic table both approximations agree to about 6%. For the heavier elements beyond the fourth row the discrepancy rices to 11% for the range of the pulse parameters covered in this work. Presented analysis can be used for an error estimation in a wide range of ab initio simulations of the X-ray pulse interaction with biological molecules. We also discuss other atomic structure effects and show that their account has considerably smaller effect on the ion yields of respective elements compared to the choice of the approximation.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0374
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0374, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour la grange et seigneurie d'Ouges (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 173 (11 H 939), 226 folios, f. 0374, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Building a Community: Crafting Specialized Curriculum for Data Curation
Creators: name: Narlock, Mikala
name: Lafferty-Hess, Sophia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Data curation is the process of making data understandable and reusable for publication within a data repository. It can be multifaceted and complex based on the types of data you are curating and the expertise of the curator; and with evolving data sharing practices and standards, ensuring data curators and stewards have access to high-quality instruction on specific data types is essential for supporting the goals of data sharing. Duke University, in collaboration with members of the Data Curation Network (DCN), received an Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) grant [re-252343-ols-22] to support the development of specialized curriculum for data curation training for academic library and archives staff. The project drew together data curators and information professionals to create in-depth training resources for four specialized data types: geospatial data, scientific images, code, and simulations. Building upon the CURATE(D) workflow, the project employed a community-driven cohort approach to develop the new curriculum materials, which were piloted at a 2-day in-person workshop in October 2023. In this presentation we will discuss how this curriculum complements existing DCN training initiatives, the approach to curriculum development, the core content that was developed, plans for dissemination, and reflections on the project.
Health Effects of Electricity Generation from Coal, Oil, and Nuclear Fuel
Creators: name: Lave, Lester B.
name: Freeburg, Linnea C.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Occupational- and public health effects of generating electricity from coal, uranium, and oil are compared, with particular attention given to accident and chronic·disease rates for fuel extraction and. airborne emissions from power and reprocessing plants. It is concluded that uranium offers less of a health hazard as a fuel than coal. The analysis is based Oil current operating practice; however. advances in technology call be expected to reduce both the occupational- and public·health risks from these fuels.
Detection of Cherenkov light from air showers with Geiger-APDs
Creators: name: Otte, A. N.
name: Britvitch, I.
name: Biland, A.
name: Goebel, F.
name: Lorenz, E.
name: Pauss, F.
name: Renker, D.
name: Roeser, U.
name: Schweizer, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have detected Cherenkov light from air showers with Geiger-mode APDs (G-APDs). G-APDs are novel semiconductor photon-detectors, which offer several advantages compared to conventional photomultiplier tubes in the field of ground-based gamma-ray astronomy. In a field test with the MAGIC telescope we have tested the efficiency of a G-APD / light catcher setup to detect Cherenkov light from air showers. We estimate a detection efficiency, which is 60% higher than the efficiency of a MAGIC camera pixel. Ambient temperature dark count rates of the tested G-APDs are below the rates of the night sky light background. According to these recent tests G-APDs promise a major progress in ground-based gamma-ray astronomy.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the 30th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Merida, July 2007
Production, Decay, and Polarization of Excited Heavy Hadrons
Creators: name: Falk, Adam F.
name: Peskin, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the production via fragmentation of excited heavy mesons and baryons, and their subsequent decay. In particular, we consider the question of whether a net polarization of the initial heavy quark may be detected, either in a polarization of the final ground state or in anisotropies in the decay products of the excited hadron. The result hinges in part on a nonperturbative parameter which measures the net transverse alignment of the light degrees of freedom in the fragmentation process. We use existing data on charmed mesons to extract this quantity for certain excited mesons. Using this result, we estimate the polarization retention of charm and bottom baryons.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures available upon request, uses phyzzx format
Strong lensing optical depths in a LCDM universe II: the influence of the stellar mass in galaxies
Creators: name: Hilbert, Stefan
name: White, Simon D. M.
name: Hartlap, Jan
name: Schneider, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how strong gravitational lensing in the concordance LCDM cosmology is affected by the stellar mass in galaxies. We extend our previous studies, based on ray-tracing through the Millennium Simulation, by including the stellar components predicted by galaxy formation models. We find that the inclusion of these components greatly enhances the probability for strong lensing compared to a `dark matter only' universe. The identification of the `lenses' associated with strong-lensing events reveals that the stellar mass of galaxies (i) significantly enhances the strong-lensing cross-sections of group and cluster halos, and (ii) gives rise to strong lensing in smaller halos, which would not produce noticeable effects in the absence of the stars. Even if we consider only image splittings >10 arcsec, the luminous matter can enhance the strong-lensing optical depths by up to a factor of 2.
description: published in MNRAS