Arganthomyza carbo Rohacek & Barber 2013
Creators: name: Roháćek, Jindřich
name: Barber, Kevin N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Anthomyzidae
Arganthomyza
Arganthomyza carbo

description: Arganthomyza carbo Roháček & Barber, 2013
(Figs 66–68, 70–84, 164)
Arganthomyza carbo Roháček & Barber, 2013: 13.
Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♂, “CAN:ON: SSMarie, Base-line Rd., 26.vi.2005, KNBarber, sweeps, Aster, Rubus, Equisetum, Carex, ferns, under aspen 46°31.40'N 84°24.40'W ” and “ HOLOTYPUS ♂, Arganthomyza carbo sp.n., J. Roháček & K. N. Barber det.2011” [red label] (DEBU, intact, see Fig. 164). PARATYPES: 121 ♂♂ 126 ♀♀ (AMNH, CASC, CNCI, DEBU, LACM, LEMQ, SEMC, SMOC, USNM) (details in ROHÁĆEK & BARBER 2013).
Other material examined (not included in type series). 1 ♀ (used for molecular analysis, details in ROHÁĆEK & BARBER 2013).
Additional records. CANADA: ONTARIO: Moosonee, 51°16.54'N 80°39.00'W, sweeps, Equisetum, Rubus, Cornus, graminoids, edge of wet forest trail, 10.vii.2014, 1 ♀; Moosonee, 51°16.33'N 80°39.11'W, sweeps, mostly Rubus, Impatiens, under Salix, Alnus, 10.vii.2014, 1 ♀, 11.vii.2014, 1 ♂, all K. N. Barber leg. (all CNCI); S[ault] S[te.] Marie, Baseline Rd., 46°31.40'N 84°24.40'W, sweeps, mostly ferns under aspen, 27.vii.2012, 1 ♂ 1 ♀, sweeps, Aster, Rubus, Equisetum, Carex, ferns, under aspen, 24.viii.2013, 1 ♂, K. N. Barber leg. (INHS). QUEBEC: Mt. Orford, 1200–2000', 21.vii.1968, 1 ♀, J. R. Vockeroth leg. (CNCI); Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, 19.vi.1973, 1 ♀, W. Boyle leg. (LEMQ). UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: NORTH CAROLINA: Spruce Mt., Smoky Park [GSMNP], 10.vi.1970, 1 ♀, FFS & JEW leg. (UGCA).
Diagnosis. Male 2.06–3.14 mm, female 2.32–3.55 mm. Primarily blackish brown to black species (Figs 66–68, 164), very sparsely dark grey microtomentose and distinctly shining; postgena, ventral margin of gena and of occiput entirely blackish; face greyish brown; haltere, parafacialia entirely and anterior portion of frons, ventral corner of sternopleuron and large portions of antennae, mouthparts, gena, legs contrasting ochreous, yellow or whitish yellow; in female, mouthparts with clypeus distinctly darker and palpus brown and nrst antennal nagellomere dorsobasally darker. Frontal triangle very long, reaching anterior margin of frons. Mid basitarsus with 1–2 short dark setae and hind basitarsus with 2–3 (1–2 longer and thicker) short thickened setae. T1 and T2 completely fused to form syntergum T1+2, with only fusion line indicated. Wing hyaline (Fig. 84).
Male genitalia (Figs 70–76). Epandrium (Figs 70, 71) blackish brown, slightly higher than long. Gonostylus (Figs 70, 71, 76) broad and nat, brown, of ham-shaped outline. Postgonite prolonged and strongly curved, sickle-shaped (Fig. 72); caudal process of transandrium reduced (Fig. 73).
Female postabdomen and genitalia (see Figs 77–83 for details). T7 and S7 completely fused into dark brown ring-shaped tergosternum (Figs 78, 79). Ventral receptacle (Fig. 77) arched, wrinkled with distal fourth or nfth smooth with slender nnger-like projection at apex (similar to that in other members of the A. setiplanta group). Spermathecae (1+1) irregularly ovoid (slightly bent), both of similar size or one slightly larger (Fig. 81), with nnely ringed surface except for plain basal fourth and 7–8 spine-like appendages around duct insertion; cervix pale-pigmented, separate. For detailed description see ROHÁĆEK & BARBER (2013).
Discussion. Arganthomyza carbo is the only Nearctic representative of the A. setiplanta group which otherwise includes A. setiplanta from Nepal and A. versitheca from Korea. Based on genitalic and postabdominal characters, A. carbo seems to be most closely allied to the Korean species A. versitheca (cf. ROHÁĆEK & BARBER 2013). Arganthomyza carbo can be safely distinguished from most other Nearctic congeners (except A. vittipennis with patterned wings) by its completely black occiput and postgena, its hind and mid basitarsus with 1–2 short proximoventral dark setae, abdominal T1 and T2 completely fused, and many genitalic characters of which the most salient are mentioned in the key and in the above diagnosis.
Biology. Like all other species of the genus, little is known about the biology of A. carbo. Habitats where this species has been collected can be generally described as mesic mixed woodland (often dominated by trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx. in Ontario, see Fig. 69) in openings or edges of trails where thick and diverse undergrowth communities thrive. It is our suspicion that ferns are at least indicators of suitable habitat for A. carbo and possibly also more generally for A. vittipennis, A. bivittata and A. duplex, which can also co-occur with A. carbo, especially the more common A. vittipennis and A. duplex (see Biology section of latter species and comments about ferns above in discussion of wing pattern and its signincance). Collections of adults have been made as early as 1 June (Quebec: Magog) and as late as 18 September (Ontario: Sault Ste. Marie).
Distribution. Generally distributed in northeastern North America (Canada: Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec; United States of America: Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia) with two specimens from western Canada (Alberta: Edmonton) (ROHÁĆEK & BARBER 2013, see Table 2, Figs 599, 604).
description: Published as part of Roháćek, Jindřich & Barber, Kevin N., 2016, Nearctic Anthomyzidae: a monograph of Anthomyza and allied genera (Diptera), pp. 1-412 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (suppl.) (suppl.) 56 on pages 62-66, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4272829