cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unified Model of k-Inflation, Dark Matter & Dark Energy
Creators: name: Bose, N.
name: Majumdar, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a \textit{k}-essence model where a single scalar field is responsible for the early expansion of the universe through the process of \textit{k}-inflation and at appropriate subsequent stages acts both as dark matter and dark energy. The Lagrangian contains a potential for the scalar field as well as a non-canonical kinetic term, and is of the form $F(X)V(ϕ)$ which has been widely used as a \textit{k}-essence Lagrangian. After the period of inflation is over the model can be approximated as purely kinetic \textit{k}-essence, generating dark matter and dark energy at late times. We show how observational results are used to put constraints on the parameters of this model.
description: 7 pages, Revtex; references added, minor changes made to match with version published in Phys. Rev. D
Ratchet effect in spatially modulated bilayer graphene: Signature of hydrodynamic transport
Creators: name: Mönch, Erwin
name: Potashin, Sergey O.
name: Lindner, Katja
name: Yahniuk, Ivan
name: Golub, Leonid E.
name: Kachorovskii, Valentin Yu.
name: Bel'kov, Vasily V.
name: Huber, Robin
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Eroms, Jonathan
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Ganichev, Sergey D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of the ratchet effect -- generation of direct electric current in response to external terahertz (THz) radiation -- in bilayer graphene, where inversion symmetry is broken by an asymmetric dual-grating gate potential. As a central result, we demonstrate that at high temperature, $T = 150~\textrm{K}$, the ratchet current decreases at high frequencies as $ \propto 1/ω^2$, while at low temperature, $T = 4.2~\textrm{K}$, the frequency dependence becomes much stronger $\propto 1/ω^6$. The developed theory shows that the frequency dependence of the ratchet current is very sensitive to the ratio of the electron-impurity and electron-electron scattering rates. The theory predicts that the dependence $1/ω^6$ is realized in the hydrodynamic regime, when electron-electron scattering dominates, while $1/ω^2$ is specific for the drift-diffusion approximation. Therefore, our experimental observation of a very strong frequency dependence reveals the emergence of the hydrodynamic regime.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures
title: Патологическая роль аллогенных фетальных клеток, инфильтрирующих опухоль молочной железы
title: Pathological Role of Allogenic Fetal Cells Infiltrating Breast Tumor
Creators: name: Бубович, Елена Владимировна
name: Абунагимов, Виталий Маратович
name: Вагина, Виктория Викторовна
name: Ибрагинбекова, Анжелика Ахмедовна
name: Видуто, Валентина Евгеньевна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2021

description: Цель – определить роль аллогенных фетальных клеток в опухолевой ткани молочной железы с различным
рецепторным статусом опухолевых клеток. Материал и методы. У 36 пациенток с впервые выявленной инвазивной аденокарциномой молочной железы определяли аллогенные фетальные клетки в тканях центральной зоны опухолевой среды методом FISH. Результаты. Установлено, что у 72,2 % женщин аллогенные фетальные клетки регистрируются в диапазоне от 1 до 25. Наибольшее статистически значимое (р ≤ 0,05) количество клеток выявлено при IIB стадии и при подтипе люминальном В+ (гормон-рецептор-позитивный и HER2+). У всех пациенток в центральной зоне опухоли, в области расположения фетальных клеток, была выявлена низкая (менее 10 %) инфильтрация лимфоцитов. Однако наименьший статистически значимый (р ≤ 0,05) показатель был получен в одном из наиболее неблагоприятных по течению подтипе люминальном В+ HER2+ в группе у женщин с диагностированными фетальными клетками. У этих же пациенток отмечена линейная корреляция между количеством аллогенных клеток и лимфоцитов, что дополнительно указывает на снижение иммунологической
активности тканей и прогностически неблагоприятный исход в лечении и ремиссии.
description: The study aims to determine the role of the allogenic fetal cells in the breast tumor tissue with various receptor status of tumor cells. Material and methods. Allogenic fetal cells in the tissues of the central zone of the tumor environment were determined by the FISH method in 36 patients with newly diagnosed invasive adenocarcinoma of the mammary gland. Results. 72.2 % of women were confirmed to have allogenic fetal cells recorded in the range from 1 to 25. The highest statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) number of cells was found in IIB stage, with the subtype luminal B+ (hormone receptor positive and HER2+). Low (less than 10 %) lymphocyte infiltration was found in all patients’ central zone of the tumor, in the area of the fetal cells. However, the lowest statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) indicator was obtained in one of the most adverse course subtype luminal B+ HER2+, in the group of women with diagnosed fetal cells. A linear correlation was noted between the number of allogenic cells and lymphocytes in the same patients, which additionally indicates a decrease in the immunological activity of tissues and a prognostic adverse outcome in treatment and remission.
Coexisting multiple dynamic states generated by magnetic field in Bi-2212 stacked Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Jin, Yong-Duk
name: Lee, Hu-Jong
name: Koshelev, A. E.
name: Lee, Gil-Ho
name: Bae, Myung-Ho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Josephson vortices in naturally stacked Bi-2212 tunneling junctions display rich dynamic behavior that derives from the coexistence of three basic states: static Josephson vortex lattice, coherently moving lattice, and incoherent quasiparticle tunneling state. Rich structure of hysteretic branches observed in the current-voltage characteristics can be understood as combinatorial combinations of these three states which are realized in different junctions and evolve separately with magnetic field and bias current. In particular, the multiple Josephson-vortex-flow branches at low bias currents arise from the individual depinning of Josephson vortex rows in each junction.
description: Submitted to Europhysics Letters
Minimal Kinematic Constraints and MT2
Creators: name: Cheng, Hsin-Chia
name: Han, Zhenyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We clarify the relation between the variable MT2 and the method of kinematic constraints, both of which can be used for mass determination in events with two missing (dark matter) particles at hadron colliders. We identify a set of minimal kinematic constraints, including the mass shell conditions for the missing particles and their mother particles, as well as the constraint from the measured missing transverse momentum. We show that MT2 is the boundary of the mass region consistent with the minimal constraints. From this point of view, we also obtained a more efficient algorithm for calculating MT2. When more constraints are available in the events, we can develop more sophisticated mass determination methods starting from the MT2 constraint. In particular, we discuss cases when each decay chain contains two visible particles.
description: Version to appear in JHEP
Drift-Alfven vortex structures in the edge region of a fusion relevant plasma
Creators: name: Vianello, N.
name: Spolaore, M.
name: Martines, E.
name: Cavazzana, R.
name: Serianni, G.
name: Zuin, M.
name: Spada, E.
name: Antoni, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Edge turbulent structures are commonly observed in fusion devices and are generally believed to be responsible for confinement degradation. Among their origin Drift-Alfven turbulence is one of the most commonly suggested. Drift-Alfven paradigm allows the existence of localized vortex-like structures observed also in various systems. Here we present the evidence of the presence of drift-Alfvén vortices in the edge region of RFX-Mod RFP device, showing how these structures are responsible for electromagnetic turbulence at the edge and its intermittent nature.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, Revised version submitted for publication to Physical Review Letters
Differential Harnack Estimates for Parabolic Equations
Creators: name: Cao, Xiaodong
name: Zhang, Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44

description: Let $(M,g(t))$ be a solution to the Ricci flow on a closed Riemannian manifold. In this paper, we prove differential Harnack inequalities for positive solutions of nonlinear parabolic equations of the type $$\ppt f=Δf-f \ln f +Rf.$$ We also comment on an earlier result of the first author on positive solutions of the conjugate heat equation under the Ricci flow.
description: 10 pages
Propagation of ultrahigh energy nuclei in clusters of galaxies: resulting composition and secondary emissions
Creators: name: Kotera, K.
name: Allard, D.
name: Murase, K.
name: Aoi, J.
name: Dubois, Y.
name: Pierog, T.
name: Nagataki, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the survival of ultrahigh energy nuclei injected in clusters of galaxies, as well as their secondary neutrino and photon emissions, using a complete numerical propagation method and a realistic modeling of the magnetic, baryonic and photonic backgrounds. It is found that the survival of heavy nuclei highly depends on the injection position and on the profile of the magnetic field. Taking into account the limited lifetime of the central source could also lead in some cases to the detection of a cosmic ray afterglow, temporally decorrelated from neutrino and gamma ray emissions. We calculate that the diffusive neutrino flux around 1 PeV coming from clusters of galaxies may have a chance to be detected by current instruments. The observation of single sources in neutrinos and in gamma rays produced by ultrahigh energy cosmic rays will be more difficult. Signals coming from lower energy cosmic rays (E < 1 PeV), if they exist, might however be detected by Fermi, for reasonable sets of parameters.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, version to appear in ApJ (minor changes)
End-to-end optimized image compression with competition of prior distributions
Creators: name: Brummer, Benoit
name: De Vleeschouwer, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.2
subject: 68T07 (Primary), 68P30 (Secondary)

description: Convolutional autoencoders are now at the forefront of image compression research. To improve their entropy coding, encoder output is typically analyzed with a second autoencoder to generate per-variable parametrized prior probability distributions. We instead propose a compression scheme that uses a single convolutional autoencoder and multiple learned prior distributions working as a competition of experts. Trained prior distributions are stored in a static table of cumulative distribution functions. During inference, this table is used by an entropy coder as a look-up-table to determine the best prior for each spatial location. Our method offers rate-distortion performance comparable to that obtained with a predicted parametrized prior with only a fraction of its entropy coding and decoding complexity.
The KATRIN Experiment
Creators: name: Beck, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The KArlsruhe TRitium Neutrino mass experiment, KATRIN, aims to search for the mass of the electron neutrino with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV/c^2 (90% C.L.) and a detection limit of 0.35 eV/c^2 (5 sigma). Both a positive or a negative result will have far reaching implications for cosmology and the standard model of particle physics and will give new input for astroparticle physics and cosmology. The major components of KATRIN are being set up at the Karlsruhe Institut of Technology in Karlsruhe, Germany, and test measurements of the individual components have started. Data taking with tritium is scheduled to start in 2012.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, proceedings of the TAUP 2009 International Conference on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics, to be published in Journal of Physics, Conference Series
Estimation of the thermal properties of an historic building wall by combining Modal Identification Method and Optimal Experiment Design
Creators: name: Berger, Julien
name: Kadoch, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The estimation of wall thermal properties by \emph{in situ} measurement enables to increase the reliability of the model predictions for building energy efficiency. Nevertheless, retrieving the unknown parameters has an important computational cost. Indeed, several computations of the heat transfer problem are required to identify these thermal properties. To handle this drawback, an innovative approach is investigated. The first step is to search the optimal experiment design among the sequence of observation of several months. A reduced sequence of observations of three days is identified which guarantees to estimate the parameter with the maximum accuracy. Moreover, the inverse problem is only solved for this short sequence. To decrease further the computational efforts, a reduced order model based on the modal identification method is employed. This \emph{a posteriori} model reduction method approximates the solution with a lower degree of freedom. The whole methodology is illustrated to estimate the thermal diffusivity of an historical building that has been monitored with temperature sensors for several months. The computational efforts is cut by five. The estimated parameter improves the reliability of the predictions of the wall thermal efficiency.
Lettera al fratello Karl (I gennaio 1799). Traduzione di Elena Polledri
Creators: name: Hölderlin, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: Friedrich Hölderlin’s letter to his brother Carl (January 1st 1799), a major biographical and poetological document for scholars, in the very first Italian translation by Elena Polledri.
description: Studia theodisca, Studia theodisca – Hölderliniana I (2014)
Bloch oscillations of Bose-Einstein condensates: Quantum counterpart of dynamical instability
Creators: name: Kolovsky, Andrey R.
name: Korsch, Hans Jürgen
name: Graefe, Eva-Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Bloch dynamics of a quasi one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate of cold atoms in a tilted optical lattice modeled by a Hamiltonian of Bose-Hubbard type: The corresponding mean-field system described by a discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation can show a dynamical (or modulation) instability due to chaotic dynamics and equipartition over the quasimomentum modes. It is shown, that these phenomena are related to a depletion of the Floquet-Bogoliubov states and a decoherence of the condensate in the many-particle description. Three different types of dynamics are distinguished: (i) decaying oscillations in the region of dynamical instability, and (ii) persisting Bloch oscillations or (iii) periodic decay and revivals in the region of stability.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
Lectures on inflation and cosmological perturbations
Creators: name: Langlois, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of these lectures is to give a pedagogical introduction to inflation and the production of primordial perturbations, as well as a review of some of the latest developments in this domain. After a short introduction, we review the main principles of the Hot Big Bang model, as well as its limitations. This motivates the study of cosmological inflation induced by a slow-rolling scalar field. We then turn to the analysis of cosmological perturbations, and explain how the vacuum quantum fluctuations are amplified during an inflationary phase. The next step consists in relating the perturbations generated during inflation to the perturbations of the cosmological fluid in the radiation dominated phase. The final part of these lectures gives a review of more general models of inflation, involving multiple fields or non standard kinetic terms. Although more complicated, these models are usually motivated by high energy physics and they can lead to specific signatures that are not expected in the simplest models of inflation. After introducing a very general formalism to describe perturbations in multi-field models with arbitrary kinetic terms, several interesting cases are presented. We also stress the role of entropy perturbations in the context of multi-field models. Finally, we discuss in detail the non-Gaussianities of the primordial perturbations and some models that could produce a detectable level of non-Gaussianities.
description: 56 pages, 5 figures; Lectures given at the Second TRR33 Winter School on cosmology, Passo del Tonale (Italy), December 2008
Full Stokes polarimetric observations with a single-dish radio-telescope
Creators: name: Cenacchi, E.
name: Kraus, A.
name: Orfei, A.
name: Mack, K. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the linear and circular polarization in AGN allows one to gain detailed information about the properties of the magnetic fields in these objects. However, especially the observation of circular polarization (CP) with single-dish radio-telescopes is usually difficult because of the weak signals to be expected. Normally CP is derived as the (small) difference of two large numbers (LHC and RHC); hence an accurate calibration is absolutely necessary. Our aim is to improve the calibration accuracy to include the Stokes parameter V in the common single-dish polarimetric measurements, allowing a full Stokes study of the source under examination. A detailed study, up to the 2nd order, of the Mueller matrix elements in terms of cross-talk components allows us to reach the accuracy necessary to study circular polarization. The new calibration method has been applied to data taken at the 100-m Effelsberg radio-telescope during regular test observations of extragalactic sources at 2.8, 3.6, 6 and 11 cm. The D-terms in phase and amplitude appear very stable with time and the few known values of circular polarization have been confirmed. It is shown that, whenever a classical receiver and a multiplying polarimeter are available, the proposed calibration scheme allows one to include Stokes V in standard single-dish polarimetric observations as difference of two native circular outputs.
description: 10 pages, to be published in A&A
Nuclear Star Clusters
Creators: name: Boeker, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The centers of most galaxies in the local universe are occupied by compact, barely resolved sources. Based on their structural properties, position in the fundamental plane, and integrated spectra, these sources clearly have a stellar origin. They are therefore called "nuclear star clusters" (NCs) or "stellar nuclei". NCs are found in galaxies of all Hubble types, suggesting that their formation is intricately linked to galaxy evolution. Here, I review some recent studies of NCs, describe ideas for their formation and subsequent growth, and touch on their possible evolutionary connection with both supermassive black holes and globular clusters.
description: invited talk at IAU Symp. 266 "Star Clusters: Galactic Building Blocks through Space and Time"
Color Triplet Diquarks at the LHC
Creators: name: Gogoladze, Ilia
name: Mimura, Yukihiro
name: Okada, Nobuchika
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of supersymmetric models containing baryon number violating processes such as observable neutron - antineutron oscillations that are mediated by color triplet diquark fields. For plausible values of the diquark-quark couplings, the scalar diquark with mass between a few hundred GeV and one TeV or so can be produced in the s-channel at the LHC and detected through its decay into a top quark and a hadronic jet.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Nonlinear excitation of photonikos and plasmons by high-power, short pulse lasers
Creators: name: Tsintsadze, Levan N.
name: Hojo, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modulational excitation of longitudinal photons (photonikos) and electron Langmuir waves, as well as ion sound waves by an incoherent strong and superstrong radiation (high-power short pulse lasers, non-thermal equilibrium cosmic field radiation, etc.) in plasmas are investigated. A simultaneous generation of photonikos and plasmons are demonstrated. Furthermore, the kinetic instability is considered when a low frequency photonikos are generated alone. Growth rates of these new modes are obtained.
Laboratory studies of ice-particle collisions in Saturn's dense rings
Creators: name: Heißelmann, Daniel
name: Blum, Jürgen
name: Wolling, Kristin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we report on microgravity studies of particle ensembles simulating ice-particle collisions in Saturn's dense main rings. We have developed an experimental method to study the energy dissipation in a many-body system consisting of approx. one hundred cm-sized glass spheres. The temporal development of the mean particle velocity, ranging from ~10 cm/s (at the beginning) to ~0.35 cm/s (after 9s of experiment duration), can be explained by a constant coefficient of restitution of 0.64. A comparison to values obtained for pure water-ice bodies shows that future cryogenic ice-collision experiments can achieve collision velocities of ~0.1 cm/s, and thus will very well simulate the conditions in Saturn's main rings.
description: Accepted by "Proc. Powders and Grains 2009", Publisher AIP
Dynamic balanced distractor: A new surgical technique for treating proximal interphalangeal joint fractures. A case report
Creators: name: Manuel Alfredo Calderón Vizcaíno M.D.
name: Raúl Beder Caltenco Solis M.D.
name: Amador Jimenez Leyva M.D.
name: Ana Lourdes Perez Vazquez M.D.
name: Omar Hernandez Carrillo M.D.
name: Rodrigo Emanuel Ferrero Balado M.D.
name: Elizabeth Del Carmen Rodriguez Rojas M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Background: Lipomas are benign tumors of subcutaneous tissue composed of adipose cells and encapsulated by fibrous tissue. They are most common between the ages of 40 and 60, affecting both sexes equally, with a prevalence of 1% and an incidence of 2.1 per 1000 people per year. They are typically located on the head, neck, shoulders, and back, although they can also appear on the hands, where their incidence is 5%, constituting between 3% and 8% of benign tumors in that area. They can cause compression, pain, dysesthesias, and limit finger movement. Rarely, they affect peripheral nerves either through direct compression or by originating within the nerve. Treatment can be medical, with injections to reduce the size of the lipoma, or surgical, with excision being the most effective option to prevent recurrence. The prognosis is good, and once removed, lipomas usually do not recur.

Surgical treatment of lipomas in the hand is crucial to alleviate symptoms, prevent complications, improve function and aesthetics, and reduce the risk of long-term recurrence. Although generally benign, lipomas can significantly affect a patient's quality of life, and surgery is the best option for effective treatment. Careful evaluation by a multidisciplinary team is important to determine the most appropriate treatment for each case.

 

Keywords: Lipoma, resection, excision, neurorrhaphy, hand tumors, digital nerve.
Categorified Symplectic Geometry and the String Lie 2-Algebra
Creators: name: Baez, John C.
name: Rogers, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70S05, 81T30, 53Z05 (Primary) 53D05 (Secondary)

description: Multisymplectic geometry is a generalization of symplectic geometry suitable for n-dimensional field theories, in which the nondegenerate 2-form of symplectic geometry is replaced by a nondegenerate (n+1)-form. The case n = 2 is relevant to string theory: we call this 2-plectic geometry. Just as the Poisson bracket makes the smooth functions on a symplectic manifold into a Lie algebra, the observables associated to a 2-plectic manifold form a "Lie 2-algebra", which is a categorified version of a Lie algebra. Any compact simple Lie group G has a canonical 2-plectic structure, so it is natural to wonder what Lie 2-algebra this example yields. This Lie 2-algebra is infinite-dimensional, but we show here that the sub-Lie-2-algebra of left-invariant observables is finite-dimensional, and isomorphic to the already known "string Lie 2-algebra" associated to G. So, categorified symplectic geometry gives a geometric construction of the string Lie 2-algebra.
description: 16 pages
A new analysis of the short-duration, hard-spectrum GRB 051103, a possible extragalactic SGR giant flare
Creators: name: Hurley, K.
name: Rowlinson, A.
name: Bellm, E.
name: Perley, D.
name: Mitrofanov, I. G.
name: Golovin, D. V.
name: Kozyrev, A. S.
name: Litvak, M. L.
name: Sanin, A. B.
name: Boynton, W.
name: Fellows, C.
name: Harshmann, K.
name: Ohno, M.
name: Yamaoka, K.
name: Nakagawa, Y. E.
name: Smith, D. M.
name: Cline, T.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Wiersema, K.
name: Rol, E.
name: Levan, A.
name: Rhoads, J.
name: Fruchter, A.
name: Bersier, D.
name: Kavelaars, J. J.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Krimm, H.
name: Palmer, D. M.
name: Duncan, R. C.
name: Wigger, C.
name: Hajdas, W.
name: Atteia, J. -L.
name: Ricker, G.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Rau, A.
name: von Kienlin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 051103 is considered to be a candidate soft gamma repeater (SGR) extragalactic giant magnetar flare by virtue of its proximity on the sky to M81/M82, as well as its time history, localization, and energy spectrum. We have derived a refined interplanetary network localization for this burst which reduces the size of the error box by over a factor of two. We examine its time history for evidence of a periodic component, which would be one signature of an SGR giant flare, and conclude that this component is neither detected nor detectable under reasonable assumptions. We analyze the time-resolved energy spectra of this event with improved time- and energy resolution, and conclude that although the spectrum is very hard, its temporal evolution at late times cannot be determined, which further complicates the giant flare association. We also present new optical observations reaching limiting magnitudes of R > 24.5, about 4 magnitudes deeper than previously reported. In tandem with serendipitous observations of M81 taken immediately before and one month after the burst, these place strong constraints on any rapidly variable sources in the region of the refined error ellipse proximate to M81. We do not find any convincing afterglow candidates from either background galaxies or sources in M81, although within the refined error region we do locate two UV bright star forming regions which may host SGRs. A supernova remnant (SNR) within the error ellipse could provide further support for an SGR giant flare association, but we were unable to identify any SNR within the error ellipse. These data still do not allow strong constraints on the nature of the GRB 051103 progenitor, and suggest that candidate extragalactic SGR giant flares will be difficult, although not impossible, to confirm.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Resubmitted to MNRAS. This version has been expanded to include the search for an optical counterpart
Environmental Law Survey 2013
Creators: name: Timoteo, Marina
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: IUS/02 Diritto privato comparato
IUS/10 Diritto amministrativo
IUS/13 Diritto internazionale
IUS/16 Diritto processuale penale

description: Within the EGP Project “The Capacity Building of Environmental Justice and Guarding Environmental Rights in Western China”, the scholars of the University of Bologna, partner of the China University of Political Science and Law (CUPL) and its Center for Legal Assistance to Pollution Victims (CLAPV), have worked on an Environmental Law Survey so as to provide to the interested public –in particular, Chinese judges, lawyers, academics, and civil society as a whole – with the most interesting and recent judicial decisions or pieces of Environmental Law legislations developed in the most relevant legal fields. The choice has fallen on the scientific juridical disciplines of Administrative Law, Comparative Law, Criminal Law, EU Law and International Law (the latter with a particular focus on the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg), since these express highly relevant perspectives for the promotion of an effective environmental protection within the European Union, European Countries, and the International Community. We hope that the carefully selected rulings and pieces of legislation may provide the Chinese interpreter, practitioner or judge involved in Environmental Law issues in China or concerning China with legal reasoning and innovative juridical solutions which may inspire their extremely demanding daily activities, constantly involving a balance between the right to a clean and healthy environment of the citizens and the rights of economic operators and undertakings.
Near infrared imaging of the cometary globule CG12
Creators: name: Haikala, Lauri K.
name: Reipurth, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cometary globule 12 is a relatively little investigated medium- and low mass star forming region 210 pc above the Galactic plane. NIR J, H, and Ks imaging and stellar photometry is used to analyse the stellar content and the structure of CG 12. Several new members and member candidates of the CG 12 stellar cluster were found. The new members include in particular a highly embedded source with a circumstellar disk or shell and a variable star with a circumstellar disk which forms a binary with a previously known A spectral type cluster member. The central source of the known collimated molecular outflow in CG 12 and an associated "hourglass"-shaped object due to reflected light from the source were also detected. HIRES-enhanced IRAS images are used together with SOFI J,H,Ks imaging to study the two associated IRAS point sources, 13546-3941 and 13547-3944. Two new 12 micrometer sources coinciding with NIR excess stars were detected in the direction of IRAS 13546-3941. The IRAS 13547-3944 emission at 12 and 25 micrometers originates in the Herbig AeBe star h4636n and the 60 and 100 micrometer emission from an adjacent cold source.
description: Accepted Astronomy and Astrophysics Oct. 15 2009
Cost-effectiveness of lenalidomide plus rituximab versus rituximab monotherapy in patients with previously treated follicular lymphoma: a societal view
Creators: name: Thielen, Frederick W
name: Kersten, Marie-José
name: Kuizenga, Pim
name: Hoogendoorn, Mels
name: Posthuma, Eduardus FM
name: Stevens, Wendy BC
name: Groot, Carin A Uyl-de
name: Blommestein, Hedwig M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Efficacy of lenalidomide plus rituximab (R-LEN) compared to rituximab monotherapy (R-mono) for patients with previously treated follicular lymphoma (FL) was investigated in AUGMENT (NCT01938001). Our aim was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of R-LEN versus R-mono in this setting from a Dutch perspective. Cost-effectiveness was assessed through a partitioned survival model from three perspectives (i.e. societal, healthcare, and societal, including future non-medical costs). Patient-level data from AUGMENT informed effectiveness parameters (i.e. long-term survival) and health state utilities. Resource use and prices were based on AUGMENT and the literature. Clinical experts validated efficacy input parameters and results. Uncertainty was explored through sensitivity and scenario analyses. R-LEN resulted in 1.7 incremental discounted quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Total incremental discounted costs were 67,161 EUR from a societal perspective. In conclusion, R-LEN was cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of 50,000 EUR/QALY in the base-case analyses(incremental cost-effectiveness ratio = 40,493 EUR/QALY). Scenario and sensitivity analyses indicated some level of uncertainty regarding this conclusion, depending on the chosen WTP-threshold and perspective.
Chiral Coupling between Magnetic Layers with Orthogonal Magnetization
Creators: name: Avci, Can Onur
name: Lambert, Charles-Henri
name: Sala, Giacomo
name: Gambardella, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the occurrence of strong interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) between an in-plane magnetized Co layer and a perpendicularly magnetized TbFe layer through a Pt spacer. The DMI causes a chiral coupling that favors one-handed orthogonal magnetic configurations of Co and TbFe, which we reveal through Hall effect and magnetoresistance measurements. The DMI coupling mediated by Pt causes effective magnetic fields on either layer of up to 10-15 mT, which decrease monotonously with increasing Pt thickness. Ru, Ta, and Ti spacers mediate a significantly smaller coupling compared to Pt, highlighting the essential role of Pt in inducing the interlayer DMI. These results are relevant to understand and maximize the interlayer coupling induced by the DMI as well as to design spintronic devices with chiral spin textures.
Phenomenological Implications of Deflected Mirage Mediation: Comparison with Mirage Mediation
Creators: name: Altunkaynak, Baris
name: Everett, Lisa L.
name: Kim, Ian-Woo
name: Nelson, Brent D.
name: Rao, Yongyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the collider phenomenology of mirage mediation and deflected mirage mediation, which are two recently proposed "mixed" supersymmetry breaking scenarios motivated from string compactifications. The scenarios differ in that deflected mirage mediation includes contributions from gauge mediation in addition to the contributions from gravity mediation and anomaly mediation also present in mirage mediation. The threshold effects from gauge mediation can drastically alter the low energy spectrum from that of pure mirage mediation models, resulting in some cases in a squeezed gaugino spectrum and a gluino that is much lighter than other colored superpartners. We provide several benchmark deflected mirage mediation models and construct model lines as a function of the gauge mediation contributions, and discuss their discovery potential at the LHC.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures
MPEC 2024-S162 : 2024 SO4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 SO4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Geometry dependence of micron-scale NMR signals on NV-diamond chips
Creators: name: Bruckmaier, Fleming
name: Briegel, Karl
name: Bucher, Dominik B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small volume nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) has recently made considerable progress due to rapid developments in the field of quantum sensing using nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers. These optically active defects in the diamond lattice have been used to probe unprecedented small volumes on the picoliter range with high spectral resolution. However, the NMR signal size depends strongly on both the diamond sensor's and sample's geometry. Using Monte-Carlo integration of sample spin dipole moments, the magnetic field projection along the orientation of the NV center for different geometries has been analysed. We show that the NMR signal strongly depends on the NV-center orientation with respect to the diamond surface. While the signal of currently used planar diamond sensors converges as a function of the sample volume, more optimal geometries lead to a logarithmically diverging signal. Finally, we simulate the expected signal for spherical, cylindrical and nearly-2D sample volumes, covering relevant geometries for interesting applications in NV-NMR such as single-cell biology or NV-based hyperpolarization. The results provide a guideline for NV-NMR spectroscopy of microscopic objects. Keywords: Nitrogen vacancy center, nuclear magnetic resonance, Monte-Carlo, quantum sensing, sample geometry, small volume NMR.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, to be published in 'Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open'
Shear Viscosity of a Gluon Plasma in Perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Chen, Jiunn-Wei
name: Dong, Hui
name: Ohnishi, Kazuaki
name: Wang, Qun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the shear viscosity $η$ to entropy density $s$ ratio $η/s$ of a gluon plasma in kinetic theory including the gg->gg and ggggg processes. Due to the suppressed contribution to $η$ in the gg->gg forward scattering, it is known that the gluon bremsstrahlung ggggg process also contributes at the same order $O(α_{s}^{-2})$ in perturbative QCD. Using the Gunion-Bertsch formula for the ggggg matrix element which is valid for the limit of soft bremsstrahlung, we find that the result is sensitive to whether the same limit is taken for the phase space. Using the exact phase space, the ggggg contribution becomes more important to $η$ than gg->gg for $α_{s}\gtrsim 2\times 10^{-3}$. Therefore, at $α_{s}=0.1$, $η/s\simeq 1.0$, between 2.7 obtained by Arnold, Moore and Yaffe (AMY) and 0.5 obtained by Xu and Greiner. If the soft bremsstrahlung limit is imposed on the phase space such that the recoil effect from the bremsstrahlung gluon is neglected, then the correction from the ggggg process is about 10-30% of the total which is close to AMY's prediction. This shows that the soft bremsstrahlung approximation is not as good as previously expected.
description: RevTex 4, 14 pages, 3 figures; The results for the soft bremsstrahlung limit for the phase space are added. The difference between AMY and XG approach is addressed with more clarification
IceCube Science
Creators: name: Halzen, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the status of the kilometer-scale neutrino detector IceCube and its low energy upgrade Deep Core and review its scientific potential for particle physics. We subsequently appraise IceCube's potential for revealing the enigmatic sources of cosmic rays. After all, this aspiration set the scale of the instrument. While only a smoking gun is missing for the case that the Galactic component of the cosmic ray spectrum originates in supernova remnants, the origin of the extragalactic component remains as inscrutable as ever. We speculate on the role of the nearby active galaxies Centaurus A and M87.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures; Talk at Discrete 08, Valencia, Spain
First exclusive measurements of the K^-pp state - populated in the pp to K^+ Lambda p reaction at 2.85 GeV
Creators: name: Yamazaki, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed data of the DISTO experiment on the exclusive pp to K^+ Lambda p process at T_p = 2.85$ GeV to search for a K^-pp (= X) nuclear bound state to be formed in the pp to K^+ + X reaction. The deviation spectra of the K^+ missing-mass MM (K^+) and Lambda p invariant-mass M(Lambda-p) with selection of large-angle proton emission revealed a structure with M_X = 2265 +- 2 MeV/c2 and Gamma_X = 118 +- 8$ MeV.
description: 6 pages, 4 figues, Proceedings of EXA08
Coaxial Atomic Force Microscope Tweezers
Creators: name: Brown, K. A.
name: Aguilar, J. A.
name: Westervelt, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate coaxial atomic force microscope (AFM) tweezers that can trap and place small objects using dielectrophoresis (DEP). An attractive force is generated at the tip of a coaxial AFM probe by applying a radio frequency voltage between the center conductor and a grounded shield; the origin of the force is found to be DEP by measuring the pull-off force vs. applied voltage. We show that the coaxial AFM tweezers (CAT) can perform three dimensional assembly by picking up a specified silica microsphere, imaging with the microsphere at the end of the tip, and placing it at a target destination.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, in review at Applied Physics Letters
Proximity induced interface bound states in superconductor-graphene junctions
Creators: name: Burset, P.
name: Herrera, W.
name: Yeyati, A. Levy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that interface bound states are formed at isolated graphene-superconductor junctions. These states arise due to the interplay of virtual Andreev and normal reflections taking place at these interfaces. Simple analytical expressions for their dispersion are obtained considering interfaces formed along armchair or zig-zag edges. It is shown that the states are sensitive to a supercurrent flowing on the superconducting electrode. The states provide long range superconducting correlations on the graphene layer which may be exploited for the detection of crossed Andreev processes.
description: v1: 10 pages, 4 figures. v2: 4 pages, 4 figures. Two column format, minor grammatical changes, updated references
Site-specific performance and the mechanics of becoming social
Creators: name: Fossey, Steve
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: W100 - Fine art
W400 - Drama
W800 - Imaginative writing

description: ABSTRACTThis thesis offers a body of practice that includes video documentation of one to one performances, performance lectures, critical writings and first person reflective narratives that give new insights into the potential of site-specific performance art and social space. Key themes, questions and concerns across performance studies and the social sciences are explored through a practice as research trajectory. From performance studies Nick Kaye’s (2000) writing on site-specificity provides a point of departure for methods of making and writing about performance that I refer to as ‘mechanics’; the term mechanics is posited within a process of what is described in the thesis as ‘becoming social’ and articulates a sense of what social scientist Doreen Massey might describe as ‘throwntogetherness’ (Massey, 2005). Anthropologist Marc Augé’s (1995) concerns around the prevalence of non-place are challenged and interwoven with Massey’s optimistic calls for spatial rethinking to answer the key research question: how can becoming social be framed as a site-specific process when realised through particular performance mechanics? The thesis speaks broadly to this question whilst exploring subthemes, questions and concepts. The confessional potential of body language (Howells, 2011) is explored as personal histories are exchanged between strangers in an exploration of ‘autobiographical’ (Heddon, 2010) performance that encourages the materialisation of what psychologist Charles Fernyhough (2016) refers to as the voices within. Interrelationality, intimacy, proximity, place and social space are explored, with concepts of hosting, caretaking and hospitality mobilised in performance materials that are both positioned as experiments and research findings. These findings give new insights into performance art and offer a timely alternative way of becoming social that performs and practices space as a ‘simultaneity of stories-so-far’ (Massey, 2005: 9).