cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Currency Swap Definition and Valuation Guide
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FX swap, FX forward, currency swap, currency forward, FX swap valuation

description: An FX swap or currency swap agreement is a contract in which both parties agree to exchange one currency for another currency at a spot FX rate. The agreement also stipulates to re-exchange the same amounts at a certain future date also at a forward FX rate. Many people confuse currency swaps with cross currency swaps. They are totally different. A cross currency swap is an interest rate swap in which two parties to exchange interest payments and principal on loans denominated in two different currencies.
description: https://ia804500.us.archive.org/24/items/fx-swap-23/FxSwap-archive.pdf
On the Non-relativistic Limit of Linear Wave Equations for Zero and Unity Spin Particles
Creators: name: Moshin, P. Yu.
name: Tomazelli, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-relativistic limit of the linear wave equation for zero and unity spin bosons of mass $m$ in the Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau representation is investigated by means of a unitary transformation, analogous to the Foldy-Wouthuysen canonical transformation for a relativistic electron. The interacting case is also analyzed, by considering a power series expansion of the transformed Hamiltonian, thus demonstrating that all features of particle dynamics can be recovered if corrections of order $1/m^{2}$ are taken into account through a recursive iteration procedure.
description: 10 pages
Probing nuclear quadrupole deformation from correlation of elliptic flow and transverse momentum in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Jia, Jiangyong
name: Huang, Shengli
name: Zhang, Chunjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In heavy ion collisions, elliptic flow $v_2$ and radial flow, characterized by event-wise average transverse momentum $[p_{\mathrm{T}}]$, are related to the shape and size of the overlap region, which are sensitive to the shape of colliding atomic nuclei. The Pearson correlation coefficient between $v_2$ and $[p_{\mathrm{T}}]$, $ρ_2$, was found to be particularly sensitive to the quadrupole deformation parameter $β$ that is traditionally measured in low energy experiments. Built on earlier insight that the prolate deformation $β>0$ reduces the $ρ_2$ in ultra-central collisions (UCC), we show that the prolate deformation $β<0$ enhances the value of $ρ_2$. As $β>0$ and $β<0$ are the two extremes of triaxiality, the strength and sign of $v_2^2-[p_{\mathrm{T}}]$ correlation can be used to provide valuable information on the triaxiality of the nucleus. Our study provide further arguments for using the hydrodynamic flow as a precision tool to directly image the deformation of the atomic nuclei at extremely short time scale ($<10^{-24}$s).
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, update to the Accepted version
Transport through a double barrier in Large Radius Carbon Nanotubes in the presence of a transverse magnetic field
Creators: name: Bellucci, S.
name: Onorato, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Luttinger Liquid behaviour of Large Radius Carbon Nanotube e.g. the Multi Wall ones (MWNT), under the action of a transverse magnetic field $B$. Our results imply a reduction with $B$ in the value of the $bulk$ critical exponent, $α_{bulk}$, for the tunneling density of states, which is in agreement with that observed in transport experiments. Then, the problem of the transport through a Quantum Dot formed by two intramolecular tunneling barriers along the MWNT, weakly coupled to Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids is studied, including the action of a strong transverse magnetic field $B$. {We predict the presence of some peaks in the conductance G versus $B$, related to the magnetic flux quantization in the ballistic regime (at a very low temperature, $T$) and also at higher $T$, where the Luttinger behaviour dominates}. The temperature dependence of the maximum $G_{max}$ of the conductance peak according to the Sequential Tunneling follows a power law, $G\propto T^{γ_e-1}$ with $γ_e$ linearly dependent on the critical exponent, $α_{end}$, strongly reduced by $B$.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, PACS numbers: 05.60.Gg, 71.10.Pm, 73.63.-b, 71.20.Tx, 72.80.Rj
Benchmark of quantum-inspired heuristic solvers for quadratic unconstrained binary optimization
Creators: name: Oshiyama, Hiroki
name: Ohzeki, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently, inspired by quantum annealing, many solvers specialized for unconstrained binary quadratic programming problems have been developed. For further improvement and application of these solvers, it is important to clarify the differences in their performance for various types of problems. In this study, the performance of four quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problem solvers, namely D-Wave Hybrid Solver Service (HSS), Toshiba Simulated Bifurcation Machine (SBM), Fujitsu DigitalAnnealer (DA), and simulated annealing on a personal computer, was benchmarked. The problems used for benchmarking were instances of real problems in MQLib, instances of the SAT-UNSAT phase transition point of random not-all-equal 3-SAT(NAE 3-SAT), and the Ising spin glass Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) model. Concerning MQLib instances, the HSS performance ranked first; for NAE 3-SAT, DA performance ranked first; and regarding the SK model, SBM performance ranked first. These results may help understand the strengths and weaknesses of these solvers.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 10 tables
Landau-Zener transition of a two-level system driven by spin chains near their critical points
Creators: name: Wang, L. C.
name: Huang, X. L.
name: Yi, X. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau-Zener(LZ) transition of a two-level system coupling to spin chains near their critical points is studied in this paper. Two kinds of spin chains, the Ising spin chain and XY spin chain, are considered. We calculate and analyze the effects of system-chain coupling on the LZ transition. A relation between the LZ transition and the critical points of the spin chain is established. These results suggest that LZ transitions may serve as the witnesses of criticality of the spin chain. This may provide a new way to study quantum phase transitions as well as LZ transitions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. European Physical Journals D accepted
Manav Ratti: The Postsecular Imagination. Postcolonialism, Religion and Literature
Creators: name: Gruber-Scheller, Bettina
Publisher: name: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Year: 2015

description: This contribution offers a review of Manav Ratti's book
The Postsecular Imagination.Postcolonialism, Religion and Literature.
Routledge Research in Postcolonial Literatures, Vol. 45.

New York & Oxfordshire: Routledge, 2013.

242 pages, $48.95, ISBN: 978-1138822375 (paperback).
description: Entangled Religions, Vol 2 (2015)
title: Campus-Report 01/2018
Creators: name: Pressestelle
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2019

description: Schwerpunkt

Anpfiff

: Der springende Punkt

: Flanke, Kopfball ... Trauma?

: Das Hemd denkt mit
The UV properties of E+A galaxies: constraints on feedback-driven quenching of star formation
Creators: name: Kaviraj, S.
name: Kirkby, L. A.
name: Silk, J.
name: Sarzi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first large-scale study of E+A (post-starburst) galaxies that incorporates photometry in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths. We find that the starburst that creates the E+A galaxy typically takes place within the last Gyr and creates a high fraction (20-60 percent) of the stellar mass in the remnant over a short timescale (< 0.1 Gyrs). We find a tight correlation between the luminosity of our E+A galaxies and the implied star formation rate (SFR) during the starburst. While low-luminosity E+As (M(z) > -20) exhibit implied SFRs of less than 50 solar masses per year, their luminous counterparts (M(z) < -22) shows SFRs greater than 300 and as high as 2000 solar masses per year, suggesting that luminous and ultra-luminous infrared galaxies in the low-redshift Universe could be the progenitors of massive nearby E+A galaxies. We perform a comprehensive study of the characteristics of the quenching that truncates the starburst in E+A systems.We find that, for galaxies less massive than 10^10 MSun, the quenching efficiency decreases as the galaxy mass increases. However, for galaxies more massive than 10^10 MSun, this trend is reversed and the quenching efficiency increases with galaxy mass. Noting that the mass threshold at which this reversal occurs is in excellent agreement with the mass above which AGN become significantly more abundant in nearby galaxies, we use simple energetic arguments to show that the bimodal behaviour of the quenching efficiency is consistent with AGN and supernovae (SN) being the principal sources of negative feedback above and below M ~ 10^10 MSun respectively. (abridged)
description: MNRAS in press (accepted September 2007)
VSNU Position paper Horizon 2020
Creators: name: VSNU
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Horizon 2020
Framework Programma
FP9

description: The Dutch universities consider the European research programmes to be of great added European value and key to maintain a strong position within the global market. Its present aims and form show how much Horizon2020 has improved since previous Framework programmes. And we believe that we should hold on to this accomplishment when looking at the next Framework Programme.
 In view of the importance for economical and societal development and the positive effects on our global competitiveness, we strongly advise the budget of the new programme should be increased compared to the present relative and absolute financial levels. Excellence is necessary as a main principle for the advancement of science and its impact on society and economy. As a key principle, both at the national and the EU level, we believe scientific excellence should always be the main criterion for the selection and support of research projects and programmes. The excellence principle is currently firmly embedded in the Horizon 2020 programme, with the ERC as its prime example, and there is every reason to continue this in the current programme as well as in future programmes. Horizon2020 has a tremendous impact on the Dutch and European research and innovation agenda.
 For the midterm evaluation we have made an overview of issues that need attention in Horizon2020. We also want to share our propositions for the next Framework Programme. These are both reflected in the position paper in annex.
Charles D. Fletcher: Muslim-Christian Engagement in the Twentieth Century. The Principles of Interfaith Dialogue and the Work of Isma‘il al-Faruqi
Creators: name: Howard, Damian
Publisher: name: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Year: 2015

description: This contribution offers a review of Charles D. Fletcher's book
Muslim-Christian Engagement in the Twentieth Century. The Principles of Interfaith Dialogue and the Work of Isma‘il al-Faruqi.

London & New York: I.B. Tauris, 2015.

336 pages, £68.00, ISBN: 978-1848855090.
description: Entangled Religions, Vol 2 (2015)
Constraints on $N_c$ in Extensions of the Standard Model
Creators: name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of theories involving an extension of the Standard Model gauge group to an {\it a priori} arbitrary number of colors, $N_c$, and derive constraints on $N_c$. One motivation for this is the string theory landscape. For two natural classes of embeddings of this $N_c$-extended Standard Model in a supersymmetric grand unified theory, we show that requiring unbroken electromagnetic gauge invariance, asymptotic freedom of color, and three generations of quarks and leptons forces one to choose $N_c=3$. Similarly, we show that for a theory combining the $N_c$-extended Standard Model with a one-family SU(2)$_{TC}$ technicolor theory, only the value $N_c=3$ is allowed.
description: 4 pages, revtex
Current prospects for ASTROD Inertial Sensor
Creators: name: Paton, Antonio Pulido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Astrodynamical Space Test of Relativity using Optical Devices (ASTROD) is a multi-purpose relativity mission concept. ASTROD's scientific goals are the measurement of relativistic and solar system parameters to unprecedented precision, and the detection and observation of low-frequency gravitational waves to frequencies down to $5\times10^{-6}$ Hz. To accomplish its goals, ASTROD will employ a constellation of drag-free satellites, aiming for a residual acceleration noise of (0.3-1)$\times$ 10$^{-15}$ m s$^{-2}$ Hz$^{-1/2}$ at 0.1 mHz. Noise sources and strategies for improving present acceleration noise levels are reported.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics D
Comparison of External Load across Multi-Day Tournaments in Female Youth Volleyball Athletes
Creators: name: Foster, Emani
name: Bunn, Jennifer A.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: Several youth volleyball tournaments are played across multiple consecutive days with athletes averaging 3–4 matches/day. This study evaluated the differences in workload of female youth volleyball athletes across days and by position during multi-day tournaments. Athletes (n = 22, 16.4 ± 0.4 years) wore an accelerometer during 12 two- and three-day tournaments. Workload was measured via kinetic energy (KE, J/lb), total jumps (TJ), high jumps (HJ, >51 cm), average jump height (cm), and percentage of high stress movements (%) via VERT accelerometers. Data were analyzed across days and by position as an average per day and analyzed via repeated measures analyses of variance. Across days, workload averages ranged 484.8–558.0 J/lb for KE, 27.3–31.2 TJ/match, 37.5–37.9 cm/jump, 5.2–6.5 HJ/match, and 20.1–20.7% high stress movements/match, with no difference (p = 0.300). Setters (49.2 ± 24.3 jumps) jumped more than liberos (13.0 ± 6.8 TJ, p = 0.005), and middles (45.8 ± 4.1 cm) jumped higher than all other positions (setters: 28.8 ± 3.6 cm, outside hitters: 41.3 ± 4.2 cm, and liberos: 27.0 ± 4.1 cm, p = 0.000–0.044). Athletes appeared to perform and recover sufficiently between days of play such that their external load was not affected. The level of competition tends to become more evenly matched as the tournament progresses, thus there may have been less physical demand early in the tournaments due to unequal competition levels compared to the final day of the tournament.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccination Status Prior to Delivery and Administration Among Hospitalized Obstetric Patients
Creators: name: Beckham, A. Jenna
name: Michelson, Lisa P.
Publisher: name: North Carolina Institute of Medicine
Year: 2024

description:  Background This chart review aimed to assess the COVID-19 vaccination status of pregnant patients prior to hospitalization for delivery and vaccine administration while hospitalized postpartum.   Methods This was a retrospective chart review of pregnant patients admitted for delivery at WakeMed Hospital during a six-month period who were offered COVID-19 vaccination immediately following delivery. We analyzed demographic characteristics by vaccination status prior to admission, during hospitalization, and at discharge. ANOVA, chi-squared, and multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed.   Results Data analysis was performed on 1,476 obstetric patients admitted for delivery, of which 260 (17.6%) were vaccinated prior to admission. Of the 1,216 unvaccinated postpartum patients, 257 (21.1%) received a vaccine dose. Among our population, for every year increase in age, the odds of being vaccinated before admission and receiving vaccination while hospitalized postpartum were higher than those of remaining unvaccinated. The odds of being vaccinated before admission versus remaining unvaccinated at discharge were lower for Black patients compared to White patients. The odds of receiving vaccination during hospitalization were higher for Asian and Hispanic/ Latino patients compared to White patients. The odds of being vaccinated prior to admission versus remaining unvaccinated at discharge were higher for those with private insurance compared to those with public insurance.   Limitations At the time of our intervention, we did not collect data on COVID-19 infection status of the patient at the time of admission. Additionally, vaccination counseling and administration had not been added to standardized order sets, thus variations in counseling by providers may have impacted patient acceptance.   Conclusions Compared to patients who remained unvaccinated following discharge, patients vaccinated prior to admission were more likely to be older with private insurance, and less likely to be Black, while patients vaccinated during hospitalization once postpartum were more likely to be older and either Asian or Hispanic/Latino.
Figure S1. Aphids of the green and yellow clone;Figure S2. Photographs of mixed colonies on day 12 (10 replicates).;Table S1. Distribution metrics of green and yellow aphids on leaves.;Table S2. The genetic basis of the yellow clone. from Self and non-self recognition affects clonal reproduction and competition in the pea aphid
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Akimoto, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021

description: Distances between aphid pairs were measured based on the images. No winged adults or fourth instar nymphs with wing pads appeared.
Donaldson-Thomas invariants for 3-Calabi-Yau varieties of dihedral quotient type
Creators: name: Mozgovoy, Sergey
name: Reineke, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute motivic Donaldson-Thomas invariants for crepant resolutions of quotients of affine three-space by even dihedral groups in terms of an affine type D root system, using double dimensional reduction and the representation theory of affine type D quivers.
description: 14 pages. Final version
Recommendations for data and biospecimen Governance in Africa
Creators: name: Accelerating Excellence In Science In Africa (AESA)
Publisher: name: AAS Open Research
Year: 2021

description: In 2019, Alliance for Accelerating Excellence in Africa (AESA) convened a team of experts (the Data and Biospecimen Governance Committee) with the aim of reviewing governance issues relevant to Africa around the use and re-use of data and biospecimens originating from African sources, through all stages of the research and translational chain. Here, we present a summary of guidelines and recommendations for data and biospecimen governance on the continent that can promote a participant-centric approach for research involving human participants, whilst enabling ethical research practices on the Continent and providing governance guidelines. These guidelines aim to facilitate the ethical use and re-use of data and biospecimens for the benefit of Africans by engaging political leadership, institutional leadership, funders and researchers to ensure intersectional accountability, de-colonisation of research attitudes and language, and by encouraging ethical research translation and innovation on the Continent.
Non-equilibrium dynamics of a scalar field with quantum backreaction
Creators: name: Kainulainen, Kimmo
name: Koskivaara, Olli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical evolution of coupled one- and two-point functions of a scalar field in the 2PI framework at the Hartree approximation, including backreaction from out-of-equilibrium modes. We renormalize the 2PI equations of motion in an on-shell scheme in terms of physical parameters. We present the Hartree-resummed renormalized effective potential at finite temperature and critically discuss the role of the effective potential in a non-equilibrium system. We follow the decay and thermalization of a scalar field from an initial cold state with all energy stored in the potential, into a fully thermalized system with a finite temperature. We identify the non-perturbative processes of parametric resonance and spinodal instability taking place during the reheating stage. In particular we study the unstable modes in the region where the vacuum 1PI effective action becomes complex and show that such spinodal modes can have a dramatic effect on the evolution of the one-point function. Our methods can be easily adapted to simulate reheating at the end of inflation.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures; (v2), replaced with the published version 10.1007/JHEP12(2021)190 with a few additional typographical corrections and corrected signs in equation (3.42)
Abolished frameshifting for predicted structure-stabilizing SARS-CoV-2 mutants: Implications to alternative conformations and their statistical structural analyses
Creators: name: Yan, Shuting
name: Laederach, Alain
name: Dey, Abhishek
name: Schlick, Tamar
Publisher: name: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Year: 2024

description: The SARS-CoV-2 frameshifting element (FSE) has been intensely studied and explored as a therapeutic target for coronavirus diseases including COVID-19. Besides the intriguing virology, this small RNA is known to adopt many length-dependent conformations, as verified by multiple experimental and computational approaches. However, the role these alternative conformations play in the frameshifting mechanism and how to quantify this structural abundance has been an ongoing challenge. Here, we show by DMS and dual-luciferase functional assays that previously predicted FSE mutants (using the RAG graph theory approach) suppress structural transitions and abolish frameshifting. Furthermore, correlated mutation analysis of DMS data by three programs (DREEM, DRACO, and DANCE-MaP) reveals important differences in their estimation of specific RNA conformations, suggesting caution in the interpretation of such complex conformational landscapes. Overall, the abolished frameshifting in three different mutants confirms that all alternative conformations play a role in the pathways of ribosomal transition.
L'orthoglide : une machine-outil rapide d'architecture parallèle isotrope
Creators: name: Wenger, Philippe
name: Chablat, Damien
name: Majou, Félix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article presents the Orthoglide project. The purpose of this project is the realization of a prototype of machine tool to three degrees of translation. The characteristic of this machine is a parallel kinematic architecture optimized to obtain a compact workspace with homogeneous performance. For that, the principal criterion of design which was used is the isotropy.
Quasinormal modes and dual resonant states on de Sitter space
Creators: name: Hintz, Peter
name: Xie, YuQing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of quasinormal modes (QNMs) for waves propagating on pure de Sitter space has been called into question in several works. We definitively prove the existence of quasinormal modes for massless and massive scalar fields in all dimensions and for all scalar field masses, and present a simple method for the explicit calculation of QNMs and the corresponding mode solutions. By passing to coordinates which are regular at the cosmological horizon, we demonstrate that certain QNMs only appear in the QNM expansion of the field when the initial data do not vanish near the cosmological horizon. The key objects in the argument are dual resonant states. These are distributional mode solutions of the adjoint field equation satisfying a generalized incoming condition at the horizon, and they characterize the amplitudes with which QNMs contribute to the QNM expansion of the field.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
In Silico and In Vitro Studies of Terpenes from the Fabaceae Family Using the Phenotypic Screening Model against the SARS-CoV-2 Virus
Creators: name: Moraes, Carolina Borsoi
name: Barbosa, Cecília Gomes
name: Martin, Holli-Joi
name: do Nascimento, Yuri Mangueira
name: Muratov, Nail N.
name: Filho, José Maria Barbosa
name: Scotti, Luciana
name: de Freitas-Júnior, Lúcio Holanda Gondim
name: Scotti, Marcus Tullius
name: de Sousa, Natália Ferreira
name: Duarte, Gabrielly Diniz
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: In 2019, the emergence of the seventh known coronavirus to cause severe illness in humans triggered a global effort towards the development of new drugs and vaccines for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. These efforts are still ongoing in 2024, including the present work where we conducted a ligand-based virtual screening of terpenes with potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. We constructed a Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) model from compounds with known activity against SARS-CoV-2 with a model accuracy of 0.71. We utilized this model to predict the activity of a series of 217 terpenes isolated from the Fabaceae family. Four compounds, predominantly triterpenoids from the lupane series, were subjected to an in vitro phenotypic screening in Vero CCL-81 cells to assess their inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2. The compounds which showed high rates of SARS-CoV-2 inhibition along with substantial cell viability underwent molecular docking at the SARS-CoV-2 main protease, papain-like protease, spike protein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Overall, virtual screening through our QSAR model successfully identified compounds with the highest probability of activity, as validated using the in vitro study. This confirms the potential of the identified triterpenoids as promising candidates for anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics.
Projected mushroom-type phase-change memory
Creators: name: Sarwat, Syed Ghazi
name: Philip, Timothy M.
name: Chen, Ching-Tzu
name: Kersting, Benedikt
name: Bruce, Robert L
name: Cheng, Cheng-Wei
name: Li, Ning
name: Saulnier, Nicole
name: BrightSky, Matthew
name: Sebastian, Abu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase-change memory devices have found applications in in-memory computing where the physical attributes of these devices are exploited to compute in place without the need to shuttle data between memory and processing units. However, non-idealities such as temporal variations in the electrical resistance have a detrimental impact on the achievable computational precision. To address this, a promising approach is projecting the phase configuration of phase change material onto some stable element within the device. Here we investigate the projection mechanism in a prominent phase-change memory device architecture, namely mushroom-type phase-change memory. Using nanoscale projected Ge2Sb2Te5 devices we study the key attributes of state-dependent resistance, drift coefficients, and phase configurations, and using them reveal how these devices fundamentally work.
Second and higher-order quasi-normal modes in binary black hole mergers
Creators: name: Ioka, Kunihito
name: Nakano, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole (BH) oscillations known as quasi-normal modes (QNMs) are one of the most important gravitational wave (GW) sources. We propose that higher perturbative order of QNMs, generated by nonlinear gravitational interaction near the BHs, are detectable and worth searching for in observations and simulations of binary BH mergers. We calculate the metric perturbations to second-order and explicitly regularize the master equation at the horizon and spatial infinity. We find that the second-order QNMs have frequencies twice the first-order ones and the GW amplitude is up to ~10% that of the first-order one. The QNM frequency would also shift blueward up to ~1%. This provides a new test of general relativity as well as a possible distance indicator.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in PRD Rapid Communications
Correspondence between momentum dependent relaxation time and field redefinition of relativistic hydrodynamic theory
Creators: name: Mitra, Sukanya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article a correspondence has been established between the out of equilibrium system dissipation and the thermodynamic field redefinition of the macroscopic variables through the momentum dependent relaxation time approximation (MDRTA) solution of relativistic transport equation. Here, it has been shown that the out of equilibrium thermodynamic fields are not uniquely defined and are subjected to include dissipative effects from the medium. A second order relativistic hydrodynamic theory has been developed including such dissipative effects. The necessary conditions for developing a hydrodynamic theory has been fulfilled, (i) the thermodynamic identities incorporating such redefined fields have been shown to conserve the energy-momentum tensor perfectly under MDRTA, (ii) the non-negativity of entropy production remains unaffected by the inclusion of such dissipative contributions in hydro fields as long as the independent transport coefficients remain positive.
description: Accepted in Physical Review C
Radiative properties of a linear chain of coupled qubits
Creators: name: Mewton, C. J.
name: Ficek, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the radiative properties for a linear dipole-coupled chain of qubits. Using the explicit energy eigenstates of the system, we find the radiation patterns for spontaneous transitions from the one-photon eigenstates to the ground state of the system. We show that depending on the excitation of a specific atom, the radiation tends to be focused either along or perpendicular to the chain. We conclude with a derivation of the total decay rate of the one-photon eigenstates, and find the interesting result that for systems where the photon wavenumber is not much larger than the interatomic spacing, up to 94% of the eigenstates are subradiant, that is, they decay significantly slower than a single atom in isolation.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
The oral nucleoside prodrug GS-5245 is efficacious against SARS-CoV-2 and other endemic, epidemic, and enzootic coronaviruses
Creators: name: Montgomery, Stephanie A
name: May, Samantha R
name: Feng, Joy Y
name: Brown, Ariane J
name: Gully, Kendra L
name: Cihlar, Tomas
name: Baric, Ralph S
name: Kalla, Rao
name: Bilello, John P
name: Scobey, D Trevor
name: Catanzaro, Nicholas J
name: Martinez, David R
name: Mackman, Richard L
name: Bannister, Roy
name: Zweigart, Mark R
name: Adams, Lily E
name: De la Cruz, Gabriela
name: Schäfer, Alexandra
name: Sheahan, Timothy P
name: Nguyen, Anh-Hoa
name: Nguyen, Anh-Quan
name: Barrett, Kimberly T
name: Baric, Thomas J
name: Conrad, Helen
name: Perry, Jason K
name: Babusis, Darius
name: Dong, Stephanie
name: Moreira, Fernando R
name: Yount, Boyd
name: Nguyen, Cameron
name: Diefenbacher, Meghan V
name: Mallory, Michael L
Publisher: name: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Year: 2024

description: Despite the wide availability of several safe and effective vaccines that prevent severe COVID-19, the persistent emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) that can evade vaccine-elicited immunity remains a global health concern. In addition, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 VOCs that can evade therapeutic monoclonal antibodies underscores the need for additional, variant-resistant treatment strategies. Here, we characterize the antiviral activity of GS-5245, obeldesivir (ODV), an oral prodrug of the parent nucleoside GS-441524, which targets the highly conserved viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). We show that GS-5245 is broadly potent in vitro against alphacoronavirus HCoV-NL63, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-related bat-CoV RsSHC014, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), SARS-CoV-2 WA/1, and the highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 BA.1 Omicron variant. Moreover, in mouse models of SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2 (WA/1 and Omicron B1.1.529), MERS-CoV, and bat-CoV RsSHC014 pathogenesis, we observed a dose-dependent reduction in viral replication, body weight loss, acute lung injury, and pulmonary function with GS-5245 therapy. Last, we demonstrate that a combination of GS-5245 and main protease (Mpro) inhibitor nirmatrelvir improved outcomes in vivo against SARS-CoV-2 compared with the single agents. Together, our data support the clinical evaluation of GS-5245 against coronaviruses that cause or have the potential to cause human disease.
Bandgap of two-dimensional materials: Thorough assessment of modern exchange-correlation functionals
Creators: name: Tran, Fabien
name: Doumont, Jan
name: Kalantari, Leila
name: Blaha, Peter
name: Rauch, Tomáš
name: Borlido, Pedro
name: Botti, Silvana
name: Marques, Miguel A. L.
name: Patra, Abhilash
name: Jana, Subrata
name: Samal, Prasanjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density functional theory (DFT) approximations that are the most accurate for the calculation of band gap of bulk materials are hybrid functionals like HSE06, the MBJ potential, and the GLLB-SC potential. More recently, generalized gradient approximations (GGA), like HLE16, or meta-GGAs, like (m)TASK, have proven to be also quite accurate for the band gap. Here, the focus is on 2D materials and the goal is to provide a broad overview of the performance of DFT functionals by considering a large test set of 298 2D systems. The present work is an extension of our recent studies [Rauch et al., Phys. Rev. B 101, 245163 (2020) and Patra et al., J. Phys. Chem. C 125, 11206 (2021)]. Due to the lack of experimental results for the band gap of 2D systems, $G_{0}W_{0}$ results were taken as reference. It is shown that the GLLB-SC potential and mTASK functional provide the band gaps that are the closest to $G_{0}W_{0}$. Following closely, the local MBJ potential has a pretty good accuracy that is similar to the accuracy of the more expensive hybrid functional HSE06.
Two new alkaloids from Tibetan medicine of Hypecoum leptocarpum
Creators: name: Sun, Bo
name: Assani, Israa
name: Wang, Chun-Gu
name: Wang, Mu-Xuan
name: Liu, Ling-Fei
name: Li, Yan
name: Yan, Ge
name: Yang, Yun-Ruo
name: Chen, Zhi
name: Liao, Zhi-Xin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Two new alkaloids, leptocarpinine B (1) and corydamine acid (2), with thirteen known alkaloid compounds (3–15), were isolated from Hypecoum leptocarpum. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on spectroscopic data analyses, including IR, ESI-MS, 1 D, and 2 D NMR. In addition, all the isolates were evaluated for cytotoxic activities. Compound 6 showed moderate cytotoxicity against human ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780), human cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa), and human hepatocellular carcinomas cell lines (HepG2).
Our people are like gardens" : music, performance and aesthetics among the Lolo, West New Britain Province, Papua, New Guinea
Creators: name: Stewart, Lynn Leslie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Relationships among the Aesthetic, culture, and music are problematic- Frequently considered as epiphenomenal to culture, music and the arts are typically seen as adjuncts to ceremonial activity- This dissertation examines the nature of the Aesthetic, music and performance in the context of the Lolo, Araigilpua Village, West New Britain Province, Papua New Guinea, in an attempt to develop a definition of the Aesthetic applicable for cross-cultural research and to discover the ways in which the Aesthetic and culture articulate. For the purposes of this dissertation, the Aesthetic is defined as that facet of religion focused on responses to extraordinary powers thought to maintain what are considered to be proper relationships between human members of a community and extraordinary powers. Three forms of aesthetics, social, performance, and musical, are taken as the means and methods of directing interactions between man and extraordinary powers. At present, the Lolo are engaged in a process of secularisation resulting primarily from the introduction of Christianity, Western medicine and money. This dissertation examines the relationship between the Aesthetic and social life, and addresses the impact of changes to the Aesthetic.
Mental Health Surveillance at federal state level – Reporting on psychiatry in Bavaria
Creators: name: Blank, Daniela
name: Redel, Rebekka
name: Tauscher, Martin
name: Kuhn, Joseph
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mental Health
subject: Reporting on Psychiatry
subject: Health Reporting
subject: Indicators
subject: Bavaria
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In Germany, mental health reporting is organised at the federal, federal state and municipal level. At federal level, a number of concepts and approaches are implemented. In 2020 and 2021, in accordance with Article 4 of the Mental Health Assistance Act the first Bavarian Psychiatry Report was prepared. Important data bases include the billing and care data of Bavaria’s Association of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians and the administrative data of the Bavarian districts. The aim is to enhance coordination between these federal state projects and Mental Health Surveillance at national level, in particular regarding the use of health care data.
The history of star-forming galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Asari, N. V.
name: Fernandes, R. Cid
name: Stasinska, G.
name: Torres-Papaqui, J. P.
name: Mateus, A.
name: Sodre, L.
name: Schoenell, W.
name: Gomes, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of 82302 star-forming (SF) galaxies from the SDSS. Our main goals are to explore new ways of handling star formation histories (SFH) obtained with our publicly available spectral synthesis code STARLIGHT, and apply them to investigate how SFHs vary as a function of nebular metallicity (Zneb). Our main results are: (1) A conventional correlation analysis shows how global properties such as luminosity, mass, dust content, mean stellar metallicity and mean stellar age relate to Zneb. (2) We present a simple formalism which compresses the results of the synthesis into time-dependent star formation rates (SFR) and mass assembly histories. (3) The current SFR derived from the population synthesis and that from H-alpha are shown to agree within a factor of two. Thus we now have a way to estimate SFR in AGN hosts, where the H-alpha method cannot be applied. (4) Fully time-dependent SFHs are derived for all galaxies and averaged over six Zneb bins spanning the entire SF wing in the [OIII]/H-beta X [NII]/H-alpha diagram. (5) We find that SFHs vary systematically along the SF sequence, such that low-Zneb systems evolve slower and are currently forming stars at a higher relative rate. (6) At any given time, the distribution of specific SFRs for galaxies within a Zneb-bin is broad and roughly log-normal. (7) The same results are found grouping galaxies in stellar mass (M*) or surface mass density (S*) bins. (8) The overall pattern of SFHs as a function of Zneb, M* or S* is robust against changes in selection criteria, choice of evolutionary synthesis models for the spectral fits, and differential extinction effects. (Abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Helioseismic analysis of the solar flare-induced sunquake of 2005 January 15
Creators: name: Moradi, H.
name: Donea, A. -C.
name: Lindsey, C.
name: Besliu-Ionescu, D.
name: Cally, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of one of the most powerful sunquakes detected to date, produced by an X1.2-class solar flare in active region 10720 on 2005 January 15. We used helioseismic holography to image the source of seismic waves emitted into the solar interior from the site of the flare. Acoustic egression power maps at 3 and 6 mHz with a 2 mHz bandpass reveal a compact acoustic source strongly correlated with impulsive hard X-ray and visible-continuum emission along the penumbral neutral line separating the two major opposing umbrae in the $δ$-configuration sunspot that predominates AR10720. The acoustic emission signatures were directly aligned with both hard X-ray and visible continuum emission that emanated during the flare. The visible continuum emission is estimated at $2.0 \times 10^{23}$ J, approximately 500 times the seismic emission of $\sim 4 \times 10^{20}$ J. The flare of 2005 January 15 exhibits the same close spatial alignment between the sources of the seismic emission and impulsive visible continuum emission as previous flares, reinforcing the hypothesis that the acoustic emission may be driven by heating of the low photosphere. However, it is a major exception in that there was no signature to indicate the inclusion of protons in the particle beams thought to supply the energy radiated by the flare. The continued strong coincidence between the sources of seismic emission and impulsive visible continuum emission in the case of a proton-deficient white-light flare lends substantial support to the ``back -- warming'' hypothesis, that the low photosphere is significantly heated by intense Balmer and Paschen continuum-edge radiation from the overlying chromosphere in white-light flares.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, published in MNRAS
Experimental genital tract infection demonstrates Neisseria gonorrhoeae MtrCDE efflux pump is not required for in vivo human infection and identifies gonococcal colonization bottleneck.
Creators: name: Waltmann, Andreea
name: Duncan, Joseph A
name: Shafer, William M
name: Begum, Afrin A
name: Jerse, Ann E
name: Hobbs, Marcia M
name: Hua, Nancy
name: Balthazar, Jacqueline T
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Year: 2024

description: The MtrCDE efflux pump of Neisseria gonorrhoeae exports a wide range of antimicrobial compounds that the gonococcus encounters at mucosal surfaces during colonization and infection and is a known gonococcal virulence factor. Here, we evaluate the role of this efflux pump system in strain FA1090 during in vivo human male urethral infection with N. gonorrhoeae using a controlled human infection model. With the strategy of competitive infections initiated with mixtures of wild-type FA1090 and an isogenic mutant FA1090 strain that does not contain a functional MtrCDE pump, we found that the presence of the efflux pump is not required for an infection to be established in the human male urethra. This finding contrasts with previous studies of in vivo infection in the lower genital tract of female mice, which demonstrated that mutant gonococci of a different strain (FA19) lacking a functional MtrCDE pump had a significantly reduced fitness compared to their wild-type parental FA19 strain. To determine if these conflicting results are due to strain or human vs. mouse differences, we conducted a series of systematic competitive infections in female mice with the same FA1090 strains as in humans, and with FA19 strains, including mutants that do not assemble a functional MtrCDE efflux pump. Our results indicate the fitness advantage provided by the MtrCDE efflux pump during infection of mice is strain dependent. Owing to the equal fitness of the two FA1090 strains in men, our experiments also demonstrated the presence of a colonization bottleneck of N. gonorrhoeae in the human male urethra, which may open a new area of inquiry into N. gonorrhoeae infection dynamics and control. TRIAL REGISTRATION. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03840811.
Spin Hall Effect and Spin Orbit coupling in Ballistic Nanojunctions
Creators: name: Bellucci, S.
name: Onorato, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new scheme of spin filtering based on nanometric crossjunctions in the presence of Spin Orbit interaction, employing ballistic nanojunctions patterned in a two-dimensional electron gas. We demonstrate that the flow of a longitudinal unpolarized current through a ballistic X junction patterned in a two-dimensional electron gas with Spin Orbit coupling (SOC) induces a spin accumulation which has opposite signs for the two lateral probes. This spin accumulation, corresponding to a transverse pure spin current flowing in the junction, is the main observable signature of the spin Hall effect in such nanostructures. We benchmark the effects of two different kinds of Spin Orbit interactions. The first one ($α$-SOC) is due to the interface electric field that confines electrons to a two-dimensional layer, whereas the second one ($β$-SOC) corresponds to the interaction generated by a lateral confining potential.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures