cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TOF-Brho Mass Measurements of Very Exotic Nuclides for Astrophysical Calculations at the NSCL
Creators: name: Matos, M
name: Estrade, A
name: Amthor, M
name: Aprahamian, A
name: Bazin, D
name: Becerril, A
name: Elliot, T
name: Galaviz, D
name: Gade, A
name: Gupta, S
name: Lorusso, G
name: Montes, F
name: Pereira, J
name: Portillo, M
name: Rogers, A M
name: Schatz, H
name: Shapira, D
name: Smith, E
name: Stolz, A
name: Wallace, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic masses play a crucial role in many nuclear astrophysics calculations. The lack of experimental values for relevant exotic nuclides triggered a rapid development of new mass measurement devices around the world. The Time-of-Flight (TOF) mass measurements offer a complementary technique to the most precise one, Penning trap measurements, the latter being limited by the rate and half-lives of the ions of interest. The NSCL facility provides a well-suited infrastructure for TOF mass measurements of very exotic nuclei. At this facility, we have recently implemented a TOF-Brho technique and performed mass measurements of neutron-rich nuclides in the Fe region, important for r-process calculations and for calculations of processes occurring in the crust of accreting neutron stars.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics G, proceedings of Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics III
Eikonal Approximation in AdS/CFT: Resumming the Gravitational Loop Expansion
Creators: name: Cornalba, Lorenzo
name: Costa, Miguel S.
name: Penedones, Joao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an eikonal approximation to high energy interactions in Anti-de Sitter spacetime, by generalizing a position space derivation of the eikonal amplitude in flat space. We are able to resum, in terms of a generalized phase shift, ladder and cross ladder graphs associated to the exchange of a spin j field, to all orders in the coupling constant. Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, the resulting amplitude determines the behavior of the dual conformal field theory four point function < O_1 O_2 O_1 O_2 > for small values of the cross ratios, in a Lorentzian regime. Finally we show that the phase shift is dominated by graviton exchange and computes, in the dual CFT, the anomalous dimension of the double trace primary operators O_1 \partial ... \partial O_2 of large dimension and spin, corresponding to the relative motion of the two interacting particles. The results are valid at strong t'Hooft coupling and are exact in the 1/N expansion.
description: 38 pages, 10 figures; reference added in v2
Uncovering Phase Change Memory Energy Limits by Sub-Nanosecond Probing of Power Dissipation Dynamics
Creators: name: Stern, Keren
name: Wainstein, Nicolás
name: Keller, Yair
name: Neumann, Christopher M.
name: Pop, Eric
name: Kvatinsky, Shahar
name: Yalon, Eilam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase change memory (PCM) is one of the leading candidates for neuromorphic hardware and has recently matured as a storage class memory. Yet, energy and power consumption remain key challenges for this technology because part of the PCM device must be self-heated to its melting temperature during reset. Here, we show that this reset energy can be reduced by nearly two orders of magnitude by minimizing the pulse width. We utilize a high-speed measurement setup to probe the energy consumption in PCM cells with varying pulse width (0.3 to 40 nanoseconds) and uncover the power dissipation dynamics. A key finding is that the switching power (P) remains unchanged for pulses wider than a short thermal time constant of the PCM ($τ$$_t$$_h$ < 1 ns in 50 nm diameter device), resulting in a decrease of energy (E=P$τ$) as the pulse width $τ$ is reduced in that range. In other words, thermal confinement during short pulses is achieved by limiting the heat diffusion time. Our improved programming scheme reduces reset energy density below 0.1 nJ/$μ$m$^2$, over an order of magnitude lower than state-of-the-art PCM, potentially changing the roadmap of future data storage technology and paving the way towards energy-efficient neuromorphic hardware
Model Theory and AI: Results in Query Learning of Automata and Weighted Model Counting
Creators: name: Zhou, Kevin Huan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: In this thesis, we study two connections between model theory and AI, in the areas of query learning of automata and weighted model counting.

Query learning of automata is an line of study with a long history, beginning in 1987 with the introduction of Angluin's L* algorithm that learns DFAs using equivalence and membership queries. This approach has been adapted to many other settings of automata since then. Recently, Chase and Freitag introduced an alternative method for obtaining query learning bounds by proving a characterization of query learnability by the Littlestone and consistency dimensions. We apply this method to two variants of DFAs, namely, advice DFAs and nominal DFAs. In the setting of advice DFAs, we obtain the first known query learning results, and in the setting of nominal DFAs, we obtain qualitative improvements over prior results.

Weighted model counting is a problem with connections to statistical relational learning and probabilistic inference. In weighted model counting, the goal is to find, given a method of assigning weights to structures, the weighted count of all models of a first-order theory on a given domain. Most work in this area has focused on finding fragments of first-order logic for which the weighted model count can be computed efficiently. A related problem of studying the unweighted model count for universal theories has been extensively studied in combinatorics, where the goal is to understand the asymptotic growth rates of the number of structures in a hereditary property. Work in this area has often focused on proving classification results that characterize the possible asymptotic growth rates. We study the interactions between these two problems, seeing how structural results for hereditary properties can yield weighted model counting results, and how efficiency results for certain fragments of first-order logic can lead to stronger results in unweighted model counting.
Jet confinement by magneto-torsional oscillations
Creators: name: Bisnovatyi-Kogan, Gennady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many quasars and active galactic nuclei (AGN) appear in radio, optical, and X-ray maps, as a bright nuclear sources from which emerge single or double long, thin jets. When observed with high angular resolution these jets show structure with bright knots separated by relatively dark regions. Nonthermal nature of a jet radiation is well explained as the synchrotron radiation of the relativistic electrons in an ordered magnetic field. We consider magnetic collimation, connected with torsional oscillations of a cylinder with elongated magnetic field, and periodically distributed initial rotation around the cylinder axis. The stabilizing azimuthal magnetic field is created here by torsional oscillations, where charge separation is not necessary. Approximate simplified model is developed. Ordinary differential equation is derived, and solved numerically, what gives a possibility to estimate quantitatively the range of parameters where jets may be stabilized by torsional oscillations.
description: accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
Fermionic superstring loop amplitudes in the pure spinor formalism
Creators: name: Stahn, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pure spinor formulation of the ten-dimensional superstring leads to manifestly supersymmetric loop amplitudes, expressed as integrals in pure spinor superspace. This paper explores different methods to evaluate these integrals and then uses them to calculate the kinematic factors of the one-loop and two-loop massless four-point amplitudes involving two and four Ramond states.
description: 22 pages; signs and coefficients adjusted for anticommuting superfields, section 4.3 changed accordingly, reference added
title: Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications :
title: Report adopted by the Standing Committee.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: The Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (hereinafter referred to as “the Standing Committee” or “the SCT”) held its seventeenth session, in Geneva, from May 7 to 11, 2007.
Lifetime of doubly charmed baryons
Creators: name: Chang, Chao-Hsi
name: Li, Tong
name: Li, Xue-Qian
name: Wang, Yu-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we evaluate the lifetimes of the doubly charmed baryons $Ξ_{cc}^{+}$, $Ξ_{cc}^{++}$ and $Ω_{cc}^{+}$. We carefully calculate the non-spectator contributions at the quark level where the Cabibbo-suppressed diagrams are also included. The hadronic matrix elements are evaluated in the simple non-relativistic harmonic oscillator model. Our numerical results are generally consistent with that obtained by other authors who used the diquark model. However, all the theoretical predictions on the lifetimes are one order larger than the upper limit set by the recent SELEX measurement. This discrepancy would be clarified by the future experiment, if more accurate experiment still confirms the value of the SELEX collaboration, there must be some unknown mechanism to be explored.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures and 1 table
Generalized Gevrey ultradistributions
Creators: name: Bouzar, Chikh
name: Benmeriem, Khaled
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46F30, 46F10, 35A18

description: We first introduce new algebras of generalized functions containing Gevrey ultradistributions and then develop a Gevrey microlocal analysis suitable for these algebras. Finally, we give an application through an extension of the well-known Hörmander's theorem on the wave front of the product of two distributions.
Spectroscopic Observations of the Intermediate Polar EX Hydrae in Quiescence
Creators: name: Mhlahlo, Nceba
name: Buckley, David H.
name: Dhillon, Vikram S.
name: Potter, Steven B.
name: Warner, Brian
name: Woudt, Patric A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results from spectroscopic observations of the Intermediate Polar (IP) EX Hya in quiescence during 1991 and 2001 are presented. Spin-modulated radial velocities consistent with an outer disc origin were detected for the first time in an IP. The spin pulsation was modulated with velocities near ~500-600 km/s. These velocities are consistent with those of material circulating at the outer edge of the accretion disc, suggesting corotation of the accretion curtain with material near the Roche lobe radius. Furthermore, spin Doppler tomograms have revealed evidence of the accretion curtain emission extending from velocities of ~500 km/s to ~1000 km/s. These findings have confirmed the theoretical model predictions of King & Wynn (1999), Belle et al. (2002) and Norton et al. (2004) for EX Hya, which predict large accretion curtains that extend to a distance close to the Roche lobe radius in this system. Evidence for overflow stream of material falling onto the magnetosphere was observed, confirming the result of Belle et al. (2005) that disc overflow in EX Hya is present during quiescence as well as outburst. It appears that the hbeta and hgamma spin radial velocities originated from the rotation of the funnel at the outer disc edge, while those of halpha were produced due to the flow of material along the field lines far from the white dwarf (narrow component) and close to the white dwarf (broad-base component), in agreement with the accretion curtain model.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures (figures 3, 4, 7 and 8 at reduced resolution, originals available on request). Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Strengthening interdisciplinarity in the European Innovation Council
Creators: name: CESAER
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The leading universities of science and technology from all over Europe united within CESAER reaffirm their strong support for the European Innovation Council (EIC) and its unique, positive, and impactful role in shaping the European research and innovation landscape.

With this position released today, we emphasise the strategic importance of interdisciplinarity within the EIC. Europe has the potential to create and scale more deeptech start-ups—but too many opportunities are missed because key expertise is not always engaged at the right time.

A more problem-driven approach must be adopted—one that bridges challenges to be solved with new knowledge and technology. Problem owners must be able to work alongside technology talents and experts, business strategists, and social scientists to combine challenges and technological solutions.

To achieve this we recommend:

fostering interdisciplinarity in EIC funding schemes,

 bringing additional interdisciplinary expertise into EIC Board, and increase its autonomy,

 designing calls and funding to foster impactful innovation,

giving researchers and innovators central role in strategic planning,

  enhancing support for interdisciplinary ventures, and

developing metrics and frameworks to support interdisciplinarity.
Peer Community in in one slide
Creators: name: Bourguet, Denis
name: Facon, Benoit
name: Guillemaud, Thomas
name: Hamelin, Marjolaine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: preprints, peer-review, submission by authors, recommendation platform

description: The “Peer Community in” (PCI) is a non-profit scientific organization that aims to create specific communities of researchers reviewing and recommending, for free, unpublished preprints in their field (i.e. unpublished articles deposited on open online archives like arXiv.org and bioRxiv.org). To a lesser extent, they may also recommend postprints (i.e. articles already published in journals). These specific communities are entitled Peer Community in X, e.g. Peer Community in Evolutionary Biology (PCI Evol Biol), Peer Community in Ecology (PCI Ecol), Peer Community in Paleontology (PCI Paleo) etc ... Once recommended by one or several of these PCIs on the basis of rigorous peer reviews, preprints become valid references and may be considered to be articles of high value. Recommended preprints can be used by scientists and cited in the scientific literature. There is no need for these recommended preprints to be submitted for publication in classic journals (although they can be, according to the authors’ preferences). Authors can then leave their recommended article as a recommended preprint in a preprint server, or transfer it directly for publication in the the diamond open-access Peer community Journal or submit it to one of the PCI-friendly journals or to any other journals accepting submissions of preprints.
description: A free recommendation process of scientific preprints based on peer-reviews, upon authors' submission
FCFA HyCRISTAL Climate Narrative Urban Infographic and Brief
Creators: name: Burgin, Laura
name: Way, Celia
name: Evans, Barbara
name: Rowell, Dave
name: Marsham, John
name: Semazzi, Fred
name: Sabiiti, Geoffrey
name: Araujo, Julio
name: Ascott, Matthew
name: Lapworth, Dan
name: Macdonald, David
name: Wainwright, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: climate change
urban WASH
HyCRISTAL

description: The impacts of climate change will vary across the region according to a range of local factors. This infographic represents the impacts that may be felt in Urban East Africa under three different possible climate futures. Which of these impacts could be felt in your community in these three different climates?
Quantum wires in magnetic field: A comparative study of the Hartree-Fock and the spin density functional approaches
Creators: name: Ihnatsenka, S.
name: Zozoulenko, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed comparison of the self-consistent calculations based on the Hartree-Fock and the spin density functional theory for a spit-gate quantum wire in the IQH regime. We demonstrate that both approaches provide qualitatively (and in most cases quantitatively) similar results for the spin-resolved electron density, spin polarization, spatial spin separation at the edges and the effective $g$ factor. The both approach give the same values of the magnetic fields corresponding to the successive subband depopulation and qualitatively similar evolution of the magnetosubbands. Quantitatively, however, the HF and the DFT subbands are different (even though the corresponding total electron densities are practically the same). In contrast to the HF approach, the DFT calculations predict much larger spatial spin separation near the wire edge for the low magnetic fields (when the compressible strips for spinless electrons are not formed yet). In the opposite limit of the large fields, the Hatree-Fock and the DFT approaches give very similar values for the spatial spin separation.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Imam al-Bukhari
Creators: name: Maxmudov Abduxalil Ma'sudovch, Toshkent  axborot  texnalogiyalari  unversiteti Samarqand filiali telekamunekatsiya texnalogiyalari  kasb ta'lim fakulteti talabasi
name: Ilmiy rahbar: X.U.Samatov
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu  maqolada  Imom  al-Buxoriy  (asl  ismi  Abu  Abdulloh Muhammad ibn Ibrohim al Buxoriy)  xaqida taxlil qilingan bulib , islom olamiga qilgan  xizmatlari,  ilmiy,   manaviy  ,  axloqiy  va  ta’limga  qilgan  xizmatlari  xaqida batafsil yoritib beramiz
Approximation for extinction probability of the contact process based on the Gröbner basis
Creators: name: Konno, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we give a new method for getting a series of approximations for the extinction probability of the one-dimensional contact process by using the Gröbner basis.
description: 6 pages, Journal-ref added
Wolfgang Beyer: A Groundwater Scientist from Dresden
Creators: name: Grischek, Thomas
name: Beyer, Klaus-Dieter
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Wolfgang Beyer was a groundwater scientist in Dresden, whose work on the permeability of sediments is cited the world over, but who is otherwise little known. This article is to commemorate him on the occasion of his 90th birthday.
Design and Initial Performance of SHARP, a Polarimeter for the SHARC-II Camera at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory
Creators: name: Li, H.
name: Dowell, C. D.
name: Kirby, L.
name: Novak, G.
name: Vaillancourt, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a fore-optics module that converts the SHARC-II camera at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory into a sensitive imaging polarimeter at wavelengths of 350 and 450 microns. We refer to this module as "SHARP". SHARP splits the incident radiation into two orthogonally polarized beams that are then re-imaged onto opposite ends of the 32 x 12 pixel detector array in SHARC-II. A rotating half-wave plate is used just upstream from the polarization-splitting optics. The effect of SHARP is to convert SHARC-II into a dual-beam 12 x 12 pixel polarimeter. A novel feature of SHARP's design is the use of a crossed grid in a submillimeter polarimeter. Here we describe the detailed optical design of SHARP and present results of tests carried out during our first few observing runs. At 350 microns, the beam size (9 arcseconds), throughput (75%), and instrumental polarization (< 1%) are all very close to our design goals.
description: submitted to Applied Optics
The effect of a change in percepual verbs on intellectual realism errors in appearance-reality tasks
Creators: name: Rogers, Elizabeth Rachel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Pillow & Flavell (1985) argue that the phrase 'look like' increases the tendency of young children to commit intellectual realism errors. The present study followed their procedures with the Block Arrays (which includes the Hidden Block task) and, in addition, included the identity task from a previous appearance-reality study by Flavell, Flavell & Green (1983). Forty-two three- and four-year-old preschoolers were presented with a variety of block arrays (Block Arrays task) and realistic-looking fake objects (Identity task) to observe. The subjects were tested on all of the stimulus items in one task before being tested on the second one. Half the subjects received the Block Arrays task first, half received the Identity task first. After the presentation of each array or object, the subject was asked a test question about its appearance while looking at it through a viewing tube. In the Look Like Condition, the test question included the words 'look like' and in the See Condition, the verb 'see' was used instead of 'look like'. If the subjects made any errors in the first condition (Look Like), they then received the second condition (See). No difference was found in the childrens' performance in the Hidden Block task but there was a difference in their performance in the Identity task. However, this difference cannot be attributed solely to the two wordings but rather to some interaction of task type and condition. Further analysis of the Look Like Condition revealed an Age-by-Task interaction in which the threes and fours performed differently in each task. A significant main effect for each of Task and Gender was also found in the Look Like Condition.
Soil organic carbon allocation and dynamics under perennial energy crops and their feedbacks with soil microbial biomass and activity
Creators: name: Ruf, Thorsten
name: Emmerling, Christoph
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: The cultivation of perennial instead of annual energy crops has received growing interest. Previous studies identified numerous beneficial effects of perennial energy crop (PEC) cultivation for the agricultural landscape such as promotion of agrobiodiversity, reduced requirements for agrochemicals and fertilizers as well as a large potential for carbon accumulation in soil. However, the mere presence of soil organic matter (SOM) accumulation gives no indication about the persistence of the SOM for example after a recultivation of the stands. Therefore, this study focused on SOM pools of different density fractions and soil microbial parameters. Six different PECs were tested against a typical benchmark system as feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The study has shown that all PEC species increased soil microbial activity and provided an insight how they sequester carbon in soil. Moreover, significant modifications in basic soil properties caused by plant growth were observed. For example, the cultivation of giant knotweed has lowered the soil pH by more than 0.5 pH units compared to the benchmark system. After 5 years of PEC cultivation, total soil organic carbon stocks were increased between 1,500 ± 400 and 4,500 ± 1,500 kg C ha-1 for the upper 10 centimetres of soil. The distribution among different soil fractions showed species-specific patterns. Tall wheatgrass and Virginia mallow showed particular high accumulation rates in the mineral-associated SOM fraction which indicates long residence times of the SOM after a possible recultivation of the fields.
title: Comite permanent du droit des marques, des dessins et modeles industriels et des indications geographiques :
title: Rapport adopté par le Comité.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: Le Comité permanent du droit des marques, des dessins et modèles industriels et des indications géographiques (ci après dénommé “comité permanent” ou “SCT”) a tenu sa dix-septième session à Genève du 7 au 11 mai 2007.
Stoichiometric constraints on phytoplankton resource use efficiency in monocultures and mixtures
Creators: name: Frank, Franziska
name: Danger, Michael
name: Hillebrand, Helmut
name: Striebel, Maren
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Abstract A central concept for understanding the mechanisms linking diversity and primary production or more general, ecosystem functioning, is resource use efficiency (RUE). It quantifies the amount of biomass production over time relative to unit resource supplied, that is, represents a quota of matter use efficiency. Given anthropogenic alterations of biogeochemical cycles, the consequent changes in supply rate and especially supply ratio of nutrients will change. Using four species of freshwater phytoplankton, and their mixture, we asked how the RUE for nitrogen and phosphorus depends on the stoichiometry of resource supply and how this differs between single species and their mixture. We conducted a factorial laboratory experiment spanning 25 different nutrient supply treatments with differing absolute and relative nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) concentrations. N and P supply increased biomass production and decreased C : nutrient ratios and RUE for the respective nutrient, but always significantly affected by the supply of the respective other nutrient. Biomass peaked at molar N : P supply ratios above the Redfield ratio (18–22). Species tended to respond similarly to the resource gradients. Consequently, mixtures outperformed the component species only during early growth responses, but not regarding maximum biomass and RUE. Bioassays performed at the end of the main experiment revealed predominance of N-limitation, but again strongly depending on the interaction between both nutrient gradients. Our study suggests that stoichiometric constraints of resource incorporation and RUE need to be accounted for when studying the response of phytoplankton to natural and anthropogenic variation in resource availability.
Measurement of the Hadronic Form Factor in D0 --> K- e+ nue Decays
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape of the hadronic form factor f+(q2) in the decay D0 --> K- e+ nue has been measured in a model independent analysis and compared with theoretical calculations. We use 75 fb(-1) of data recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEPII electron-positron collider. The corresponding decay branching fraction, relative to the decay D0 --> K- pi+, has also been measured to be RD = BR(D0 --> K- e+ nue)/BR(D0 --> K- pi+) = 0.927 +/- 0.007 +/- 0.012. From these results, and using the present world average value for BR(D0 --> K- pi+), the normalization of the form factor at q2=0 is determined to be f+(0)=0.727 +/- 0.007 +/- 0.005 +/- 0.007 where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and from external inputs, respectively.
description: 21 pages, 13 postscript figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D, contributed to 42nd Rencontres de Moriond: QCD and Hadronic Interactions
Diffusion of Innovation In Competitive Markets-A Study on the Global Smartphone Diffusion
Creators: name: Gunduc, Semra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: J.4; I.6

description: In this work, the aim is to study the diffusion of innovation of two competing products. The main focus has been to understand the effects of the competitive dynamic market on the diffusion of innovation. The global smartphone operating system sales are chosen as an example. The availability of the sales and the number of users data, as well as the predictions for the future number of users, make the smartphone diffusion a new laboratory to test the innovation of diffusion models for the competitive markets. In this work, the Bass model and its extensions which incorporate the competition between the brands are used. The diffusion of smartphones can be considered on two levels: the product level and the brand level. The diffusion of the smartphone as a category is studied by using the Bass equation (category-level diffusion). The diffusion of each competing operating system (iOS and Android) are considered as the competition of the brands, and it is studied in the context of competitive market models (product-level diffusion). It is shown that the effects of personal interactions play the dominant role in the diffusion process. Moreover, the volume of near future sales can be predicted by introducing appropriate dynamic market potential which helps to extrapolate the model results for the future.
An initiative for a morphologic-genetic catalog of relict charcoal hearths from Central Europe
Creators: name: Hirsch, Florian
name: Schneider, Anna
name: Bonhage, Alexander
name: Raab, Alexandra
name: Drohan, Patrick J.
name: Raab, Thomas
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Abstract The increasing availability of high-resolution topographic data, coupled with image analysis and machine learning techniques, is rapidly changing the way archaeological sites are digitally identified and mapped. We present a catalog of common forms of relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) in Central Europe to improve the evaluation of morphologic and genetic features in future mapping approaches. RCHs are important historical landscape features created from the production of charcoal. RCHs are noted in Central Europe from the Medieval Period, but also are widespread near (pre-)industrial mining centers. Different forms of charcoal hearths were created by workers known as colliers, and their hearth building techniques may have differed on a regional scale. Our catalog is based on a morphologic–genetic grouping of RCHs. Due to topographic effects, reuse of production sites, or local techniques, this catalog is nonexhaustive, but most RCHs in Central Europe can be grouped into one of seven types.
F-statistic search for white-dwarf binaries in the first Mock LISA Data Challenge
Creators: name: Prix, Reinhard
name: Whelan, John T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The F-statistic is an optimal detection statistic for continuous gravitational waves, i.e., long-duration (quasi-)monochromatic signals with slowly-varying intrinsic frequency. This method was originally developed in the context of ground-based detectors, but it is equally applicable to LISA where many signals fall into this class of signals. We report on the application of a LIGO/GEO F-statistic code to LISA data-analysis using the long-wavelength limit (LWL), and we present results of our search for white-dwarf binary signals in the first Mock LISA Data Challenge. Somewhat surprisingly, the LWL is found to be sufficient -- even at high frequencies -- for detection of signals and their accurate localization on the sky and in frequency, while a more accurate modelling of the TDI response only seems necessary to correctly estimate the four amplitude parameters.
description: submitted to CQG for proceedings of 11th GW Data Analysis workshop
Proposed Indoor Test Procedure to Quantify Pesticide Treatment Effects on Seed Consumption by Birds
Creators: name: Esther, Alexandra
name: Von Blanckenhagen, Felix
name: Der Heiden, Angela An
name: Dürger, Joanna
name: Kozyczkowska-Kneffel, Dominika
name: Ludwigs, Jan-Dieter
name: Sadowski, Jan
name: Shadid, Maisam
name: Gabriel, Doreen
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Abstract Pesticides used in seed coatings can influence seed consumption by birds and, therefore, actual exposure risk for them. A quantification of such effects on consumption is currently not regarded as a refinement factor in environmental risk assessments, although it is a possible option and should be considered, for example, for comparing exposure risk of different pesticides. It can highlight avoidance behavior, preventing birds from taking up lethal or sublethal pesticide doses. To formulate a standard, we developed an indoor test procedure based on established pen test methods, including 2- and no-choice phases with hunger periods. During testing, the highest standards of animal welfare were applied. Statistical approaches were used to determine the most appropriate number of replicates and for analysis. The effect on consumption of seeds is expressed as the ratio of consumed treated to untreated seeds. This consumption factor can be applied in avian risk assessments for seed treatments equivalent to an avoidance factor. We present, as an example, an application of the procedure to obtain a seed- and species-specific consumption factor for oilseed rape seeds (Brassica napus) provided untreated and treated with fungicides to greenfinches (Carduelis chloris) and Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). Overall, bird constitution was not negatively affected by the test procedure in either species. The test procedure was suitable for showing differences in expected consumption patterns, such as greater avoidance of treated seeds in 2-choice than in no-choice tests. However, the consumption differed between species and fungicide treatments, allowing us to rank avoidance effects of different fungicides. Using the presented standard procedure to generate comparable pesticide- and species-specific consumption factors for more species and seed treatments may result in refinement of default values and reduce animal trials in different designs in the future. Environ Toxicol Chem 2020;39:359–370. © 2019 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
Molecular Synchronization Waves in Arrays of Allosterically Regulated Enzymes
Creators: name: Casagrande, Vanessa
name: Togashi, Yuichi
name: Mikhailov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Spatiotemporal pattern formation in a product-activated enzymic reaction at high enzyme concentrations is investigated. Stochastic simulations show that catalytic turnover cycles of individual enzymes can become coherent and that complex wave patterns of molecular synchronization can develop. The analysis based on the mean-field approximation indicates that the observed patterns result from the presence of Hopf and wave bifurcations in the considered system.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The Effects of Diffusion of Information on Epidemic Spread -- A Multilayer Approach
Creators: name: Gunduc, Semra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.3; J.4; I.6

description: In this work, the aim is to study the spread of a contagious disease and information on a multilayer social system. The main idea is to find a criterion under which the adoption of the spreading information blocks or suppresses the epidemic spread. A two-layer network is the base of the model. The first layer describes the direct contact interactions, while the second layer is the information propagation layer. Both layers consist of the same nodes. The society consists of five different categories of individuals: susceptibles, infective, recovered, vaccinated and precautioned. Initially, only one infected individual starts transmitting the infection. Direct contact interactions spread the infection to the susceptibles. The information spreads through the second layer. The SIR model is employed for the infection spread, while the Bass equation models the adoption of information. The control parameters of the competition between the spread of information and spread of disease are the topology and the density of connectivity. The topology of the information layer is a scale-free network with increasing density of edges. In the contact layer, regular and scale-free networks with the same average degree per node are used interchangeably. The observation is that increasing complexity of the contact network reduces the role of individual awareness. If the contact layer consists of networks with limited range connections, or the edges sparser than the information network, spread of information plays a significant role in controlling the epidemics.
Zwangsarbeit in Europa (Konferenzbericht der Tagung „Erfahrung und Bewältigung von Zwangsarbeit im Europa des 20. Jahrhunderts“)
Creators: name: Urban, Thomas
name: Adamski, Jens
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Zwangsarbeit in Europa (Konferenzbericht der Tagung „Erfahrung und Bewältigung von Zwangsarbeit im Europa des 20. Jahrhunderts“)" of MTS 34 (2005).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 34 (2005): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Die Unschärfen bleiben
Creators: name: Braun, Bernd
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Ludger Heid: Oskar Cohn. Ein Sozialist und Zionist im Kaiserreich und in der Weimarer Republik, Frankfurt am Main/New York: Campus Verlag 2002, 450 Seiten, 49,90 €
description: Moving the Social, Vol 34 (2005): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Техника живописи на пленэре
Creators: name: Ивлева Светлана Николаевна
Publisher: name: Наука, образование и культура
Year: 2019
Subjects: ЖИВОПИСЬ
ТЕХНИКА
ПЛЕНЭР
МОТИВ
ОБРАЗ
ТВОРЧЕСКИЙ ОПЫТ

description: В данной статье анализируется техника живописи на пленэре. Автор статьи делится своим 25-летним творческим опытом. Статья может лечь в основу учебно-методического пособия, принести практическую пользу преподавателям и учащимся художественных школ и вузов.
ALMA as the ideal probe of the solar chromosphere
Creators: name: Loukitcheva, M. A.
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: White, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The very nature of the solar chromosphere, its structuring and dynamics, remains far from being properly understood, in spite of intensive research. Here we point out the potential of chromospheric observations at millimeter wavelengths to resolve this long-standing problem. Computations carried out with a sophisticated dynamic model of the solar chromosphere due to Carlsson and Stein demonstrate that millimeter emission is extremely sensitive to dynamic processes in the chromosphere and the appropriate wavelengths to look for dynamic signatures are in the range 0.8-5.0 mm. The model also suggests that high resolution observations at mm wavelengths, as will be provided by ALMA, will have the unique property of reacting to both the hot and the cool gas, and thus will have the potential of distinguishing between rival models of the solar atmosphere. Thus, initial results obtained from the observations of the quiet Sun at 3.5 mm with the BIMA array (resolution of 12 arcsec) reveal significant oscillations with amplitudes of 50-150 K and frequencies of 1.5-8 mHz with a tendency toward short-period oscillations in internetwork and longer periods in network regions. However higher spatial resolution, such as that provided by ALMA, is required for a clean separation between the features within the solar atmosphere and for an adequate comparison with the output of the comprehensive dynamic simulations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the conference Science with ALMA: a new era for Astrophysics, Spain, 2006
"Alte" und "neue" Sozialdemokraten in Sachsen
Creators: name: Rudolph, Karsten
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: The article illustrates the background and after-effects of the so called "Conflict of Saxony" culminating in the split of the Saxon Social Democracy in 1926. The author disapproves the widespread interpretation of the conflict as an inter-generational conflict. He rejects the argument that the conflict can solely be traced back to the struggle of two generations politically socialized in different time periods. It is argued that the social background and categories such as profession and education but also different perceptions of the future gain also importance in explaining the conflict.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 45 (2011): Biografische Ansätze zur Geschichte der Arbeiterbewegung im 20. Jahrhundert
Роль существительного в качестве вспомогательного языкового средства эмоционального воздействия при создании румынских рекламных текстов
Creators: name: Семенова Екатерина Алексеевна
Publisher: name: Наука, образование и культура
Year: 2019
Subjects: РЕКЛАМА
РУМЫНСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
РЕКЛАМНЫЕ ТЕКСТЫ
СУЩЕСТВИТЕЛЬНОЕ
АРТИКЛЬ
МОРФОЛОГИЯ

description: В статье анализируется одно из морфологических средств румынского языка, которое традиционно считается в рекламе наиболее эффективным в плане воздействия на покупателя: это существительное. Анализируются основные случаи его употребления, отмечается роль и место имени существительного в создании эмоционального воздействия на реципиента. Также отмечаются и другие сопутствующие морфологические особенности румынских рекламных текстов, такие, как частое отсутствие артиклей и предлогов, что способствует созданию более краткого и лаконичного текста. Такой способ сокращения характерен для устной речи, на которую ориентируются создатели рекламных текстов, чтобы максимально приблизить их к реципиенту.
Computing and deflating eigenvalues while solving multiple right hand side linear systems in Quantum Chromodynamics
Creators: name: Stathopoulos, Andreas
name: Orginos, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new algorithm that computes eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a Hermitian positive definite matrix while solving a linear system of equations with Conjugate Gradient (CG). Traditionally, all the CG iteration vectors could be saved and recombined through the eigenvectors of the tridiagonal projection matrix, which is equivalent theoretically to unrestarted Lanczos. Our algorithm capitalizes on the iteration vectors produced by CG to update only a small window of vectors that approximate the eigenvectors. While this window is restarted in a locally optimal way, the CG algorithm for the linear system is unaffected. Yet, in all our experiments, this small window converges to the required eigenvectors at a rate identical to unrestarted Lanczos. After the solution of the linear system, eigenvectors that have not accurately converged can be improved in an incremental fashion by solving additional linear systems. In this case, eigenvectors identified in earlier systems can be used to deflate, and thus accelerate, the convergence of subsequent systems. We have used this algorithm with excellent results in lattice QCD applications, where hundreds of right hand sides may be needed. Specifically, about 70 eigenvectors are obtained to full accuracy after solving 24 right hand sides. Deflating these from the large number of subsequent right hand sides removes the dreaded critical slowdown, where the conditioning of the matrix increases as the quark mass reaches a critical value. Our experiments show almost a constant number of iterations for our method, regardless of quark mass, and speedups of 8 over original CG for light quark masses.
description: 22 pages, 26 eps figures
Ein schwieriges Genre: Zum Ort der Biografik in der Arbeitergeschichtsschreibung
Creators: name: Depkat, Volker
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: The article examines the development of biographical research in general and particularly in labour history. Considering the impact of the cognitive sciences biographical research provides different trajectories for historical, social-historical and cultural-historical approaches. Sudies on labour movements, however, are still based on biographical research that is conducted as traditional historical social research with an emphasis on milieu theory, generational studies or a general lack of theory. The articel advocates new perspectives on biographical studies in labour history that go beyond the topics of milieus and generations and underlines the need to deduce from the individual historical person.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 45 (2011): Biografische Ansätze zur Geschichte der Arbeiterbewegung im 20. Jahrhundert
The role of instruction and task variability in transfer of children's pursuit rotor motor learning
Creators: name: Sayyah, Mansour
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study examined the effects of Instruction in transfer of children's Pursuit Rotor motor learning. In addition, the validity of the schema theory was examined. Two learning variables were employed during the learning activities: Instruction with two treatment levels (LTI vs. LIO), and Task Variability with three types of task variations (SPV vs. SV vs. PV). The performance of the learners were measured in terms of the Amount of Time on Target and the Number of Hits on Pursuit Rotor. A 2 (Instruction) by 3 (Task) by 4 (blocks) repeated measure design was adopted for analysing data of the learning activities. Two additional moderator variables of Rest Interval (5 minutes vs. 30 seconds) and Shift of Hands (shifted vs. not-shifted) were included in the design for evaluating transfer effects. The effects of learning and moderator variables were examined. The LTI treatment groups performed the transfer task significantly better than the LIO. There was no significant main effect for the task variability. Only the interaction of Task, Rest, and Shift of Hands was statistically significant. It means that the predicted effect of the task variability is observable only under the limiting condition of 30 seconds period and with hand not shifted (i.e., unilateral transfer). It is concluded that the observed effects of Instruction and Task Variability can be explained by the schema theory.