cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Empirical quantification of predictive uncertainty due to model discrepancy by training with an ensemble of experimental designs: an application to ion channel kinetics
Creators: name: Shuttleworth, Joseph G.
name: Lei, Chon Lok
name: Whittaker, Dominic G.
name: Windley, Monique J.
name: Hill, Adam P.
name: Preston, Simon P.
name: Mirams, Gary R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92B05, 92C30, 62M05

description: When mathematical biology models are used to make quantitative predictions for clinical or industrial use, it is important that these predictions come with a reliable estimate of their accuracy (uncertainty quantification). Because models of complex biological systems are always large simplifications, model discrepancy arises - where a mathematical model fails to recapitulate the true data generating process. This presents a particular challenge for making accurate predictions, and especially for making accurate estimates of uncertainty in these predictions. Experimentalists and modellers must choose which experimental procedures (protocols) are used to produce data to train their models. We propose to characterise uncertainty owing to model discrepancy with an ensemble of parameter sets, each of which results from training to data from a different protocol. The variability in predictions from this ensemble provides an empirical estimate of predictive uncertainty owing to model discrepancy, even for unseen protocols. We use the example of electrophysiology experiments, which are used to investigate the kinetics of the hERG potassium ion channel. Here, 'information-rich' protocols allow mathematical models to be trained using numerous short experiments performed on the same cell. Typically, assuming independent observational errors and training a model to an individual experiment results in parameter estimates with very little dependence on observational noise. Moreover, parameter sets arising from the same model applied to different experiments often conflict - indicative of model discrepancy. Our methods will help select more suitable mathematical models of hERG for future studies, and will be widely applicable to a range of biological modelling problems.
description: Final published version with a typographical error in Table 1 (the value of q_6) corrected
Emberiza calandra Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Emberizidae
Emberiza
Emberiza calandra

description: Emberiza calandra [spec. nov.]
E. grisea nigro-maculata. Fn. svec. 206. It. scan. 292. t. 4.
Emberiza alba. Gesn. av. 564. Raj. av. 93. Will. orn. 195. t. 40. Alb. av. 2. p. 46. t. 50. Olin. av. 50.
Alaudae congener. Aldr. orn ...
Miliaria cana. Frisch. av... t. 6. f. 4.
Habitat in Europa.
Praecedenti valde affinis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 176-177, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 4: of The alternative sigma factor RpoQ regulates colony morphology, biofilm formation and motility in the fish pathogen Aliivibrio salmonicida
Creators: name: Khider, Miriam
name: Willassen, Nils
name: Hansen, Hilde
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S3. The figure shows biofilm formation of A. salmonicida wild-type LFI1238 and mutants. (DOCX 642 kb)
Characterisation and modelling of heterogeneity in thinly-bedded, shallow-marine sandstone reservoirs
Creators: name: Onyenanu Ifechukwude, God'spower
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Sandstone reservoirs deposited in wave-dominated, shallow-marine environments are inherently heterogeneous, containing intervals of thinly-interbedded sandstones and mudstones. Permeability contrasts between interbedded sandstones and mudstones are one such heterogeneity. These interbedded intervals contain sandstone-filled erosional scours formed by episodic flows set up by storm waves during periods of relatively high riverine sediment discharge (‘storm floods’). Erosional scours may increase connectivity between sandstone beds that are otherwise isolated by mudstone interbeds, thus creating effective vertical permeability. The geometry, dimensions and spatial distributions of erosional scours are uncertain. Consequently, these aspects of erosional scours are not represented in three-dimensional reservoir models, and their contribution to field performance is thus poorly understood. The contributions of this thesis are: (1) to present a quantitative analysis of the geometry, dimensions and spatial distributions of erosional scours observed in heterolithic, wave-dominated successions of interbedded sandstone and mudstone deposits exposed at outcrop, (2) to characterise the extent and distributions of mudstone barriers that are remnants of erosional scouring in these deposits, and (3) to determine the resulting controls on sandbody connectivity and effective kv/kh ratio. These aspects of facies architecture and their impact on reservoir performance are addressed by constructing a high resolution digital outcrop model using photogrammetry from nearly continuous exposures of an outcrop analogue (‘G2’ parasequence, Grassy Member), and a suite of numerical reservoir modelling experiments that are calibrated to data derived from this outcrop analogue to quantify the impact of erosional scours on sandbody connectivity, sandstone proportion and effective reservoir properties. The proportion of sandstone is controlled by sandstone-bed and mudstone-interbed thickness and by parameters that describe the geometry, dimensions and lateral-stacking density of sandstone-filled scours. Sandbody connectivity is controlled by the interplay between the thickness of mudstone interbeds and sandstone-filled erosional scours. Effective kv/k ratio is controlled by the proportion of sandstone, which represents the effects of variable distributions and dimensions of mudstones produced by scour erosion, provided that scour thickness is greater than mudstone-interbed thickness. The outcrop dataset and numerical modelling experiments provide the means to estimate the impact of scour geometry, dimensions and distributions on sandbody connectivity and effective kv/k ratio at the scale of typical reservoir model grid cells (200 x 100 x 20 m) from a combination of core data that constrain the thickness of mudstone interbeds and sandstone proportion, and outcrop analogue data that describe the thickness of sandstone-filled erosional scours.
Loxia minuta Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Fringillidae
Loxia
Loxia minuta

description: Loxia minuta [spec. nov.]
L. grisea, uropygio subtusque ferruginea, remigibus 4, 5, 6, basi utrinque albis, cauda integra. Rolander.
Habitat Surinami.
Avicula vix Regulo major; Rostrum breve, crassum, subobtusum.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 176, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
On cone partitions for the min-cut and max-cut problems with non-negative edges
Creators: name: Nikolaev, Andrei V.
name: Korostil, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B05, 52B12, 90C57, 05C12

description: We consider the classical minimum and maximum cut problems: find a partition of vertices of a graph into two disjoint subsets that minimize or maximize the sum of the weights of edges with endpoints in different subsets. It is known that if the edge weights are non-negative, then the min-cut problem is polynomially solvable, while the max-cut problem is NP-hard.
 We construct a partition of the positive orthant into convex cones corresponding to the characteristic cut vectors, similar to a normal fan of a cut polyhedron. A graph of a cone partition is a graph whose vertices are cones, and two cones are adjacent if and only if they have a common facet. We define adjacency criteria in the graphs of cone partitions for the min-cut and max-cut problems. Based on them, we show that for both problems the vertex degrees are exponential, and the graph diameter equals 2. These results contrast with the clique numbers of graphs of cone partitions, which are linear for the minimum cut problem and exponential for the maximum cut problem.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Loxia nigra Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Fringillidae
Loxia
Loxia nigra

description: Loxia nigra [spec. nov.]
L. nigra, macula alba humeri remigumque duarum exteriorum.
Rubicilla minor nigra. Catesb. car. p. 68. t. 68. Alb. av. 3. p. 65. t. 69.
Habitat in America australi.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 175, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 2: of Web of microbes (WoM): a curated microbial exometabolomics database for linking chemistry and microbes
Creators: name: Kosina, Suzanne
name: Greiner, Annette
name: Lau, Rebecca
name: Jenkins, Stefan
name: Baran, Richard
name: Bowen, Benjamin
name: Northen, Trent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Appendix A. Web of Microbes Terminology. (PDF 414 kb)
DODS Data Standards Guide: Version 0.1
Creators: name: Sgouros, Tom
Publisher: name: University of Rhode Island & Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Year: 1999

description: Summary of the document: This document provides guidance on data standards for the Distributed Oceanographic Data System (DODS). It discusses the interoperability of DODS datasets, outlining optional data standards for data providers. The document clarifies that adherence to these standards is not mandatory for DODS software operation but is recommended for enhanced interoperability among users. It introduces different levels of compatibility, addressing issues such as data storage format, data attributes, data organization, and server interface. The guide emphasizes the importance of standardizing data attributes for effective data sharing and processing. It provides examples and instructions for adding data attributes to datasets, ensuring compliance with the DODS data standard. The document aims to simplify data sharing and usage within the DODS community while allowing flexibility for data providers in implementing these standards.
Clusters of Galaxies: magnetic fields and nonthermal emission
Creators: name: Voelk, H. J.
name: Atoyan, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonthermal particle content of galaxy clusters should in part have a cosmological component generated during the early starburst phase of the member galaxies. This is reviewed in the framework of a simple cluster formation model suggested previously. It implies a nonthermal energy fraction of about 10 percent for the Intracluster gas. We also propose a mechanism for the early generation of Intracluster magnetic fields in terms of Galactic Winds. It results in typical field strengths of about 0.1 microGauss. Such comparatively weak fields are consistent with an inverse Compton origin of the excess EUV and hard X-ray emission of the Coma cluster, given the radio synchrotron emission. The required relativistic electrons must have been accelerated rather recently, less than a few billion years ago, presumably in cluster accretion shocks. This is in contrast to the hadronic nonthermal component which accumulates on cosmological time scales, and whose pion-decay TeV gamma-ray emission is expected to be larger, or of the same order as the inverse Compton TeV emission. This gamma-radiation characterizes the energetic history of cluster formation and should be observable with future arrays of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures; invited talk presented at the VERITAS Workshop on TeV Astrophysics of Extragalactic Sources, submitted to Astroparticle Physics
Emberiza Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Emberizidae
Emberiza

description: Emberiza [gen. nov.]
Rostrum conicum.
Mandibulae basi deorsum a se invicem discedentes: inferiore lateribus inflexo-coarctata; superiore angustiore.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 176, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Muon mass correction in partial wave analyses of charmed meson semi-leptonic decays
Creators: name: Zhang, Han
name: Ke, Bai-Cian
name: Yu, Yao
name: Wang, En
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the parameterization formula for partial wave analyses of charmed meson semi-leptonic decays with consideration of the effects caused by the lepton mass. As the proposed super-tau-charm factory will reach much enhanced luminosity and BESIII is taking $ψ(3770)\to D\bar{D}$ data, our results are helpful to improve the measurement precision of future partial wave analyses of charmed meson semi-muonic decays.
Dynamically Polarizing Spin Register of NV Centers in Diamond using Chopped Laser Pulses
Creators: name: Xu, Nanyang
name: Tian, Yu
name: Chen, Bing
name: Geng, Jianpei
name: He, Xiaoxiong
name: Wang, Ya
name: Du, Jiangfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear spins nearby nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are excellent quantum memory for quantum computing and quantum sensing, but are difficult to be initialized due to their weak interactions with the environment. Here we propose and demonstrate a magnetic-field-independent, deterministic and highly efficient polarization scheme by introducing chopped laser pulses into the double-resonance initialization method. With this method, we demonstrate initialization of single-nuclear-spin approaching $98.1\%$ and a $^{14}N$-$^{13}C$ double-nuclear-spin system approaching $96.8\%$ at room temperature. The initialization is limited by a nuclear-spin depolarization effect due to chopped laser excitation. Our approach could be extended to NV systems with more nuclear spins and would be a useful tool in future applications such as nano-MRI and single-cell NMR.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, comments are welcome
Cooking State Recognition from Images Using Inception Architecture
Creators: name: Salekin, Md Sirajus
name: Jelodar, Ahmad Babaeian
name: Kushol, Rafsanjany
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A kitchen robot properly needs to understand the cooking environment to continue any cooking activities. But object's state detection has not been researched well so far as like object detection. In this paper, we propose a deep learning approach to identify different cooking states from images for a kitchen robot. In our research, we investigate particularly the performance of Inception architecture and propose a modified architecture based on Inception model to classify different cooking states. The model is analyzed robustly in terms of different layers, and optimizers. Experimental results on a cooking datasets demonstrate that proposed model can be a potential solution to the cooking state recognition problem.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
On the model of dust in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Zubko, Victor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here dust models for the Small Magellanic Cloud bar calculated for the first time with the regularization approach. A simple mixture of the core-mantle and/or composite grains (mostly made from silicates and organic refractory) together with silicon nanoparticles is consistent with the following: 1) the observed extinction toward AzV 398 (a typical SMC bar sightline), 2) the elemental abundances, and 3) the strength of the interstellar radiation field. We predict the expected albedo and asymmetry parameter of the models, which can be tested in future observations. The proposed dust models can also be tested by looking for the expected extended red emission.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ Letters, 5 pages, 2 figures (8 Postscript files), latex2e, uses emulateapj.sty (included), multicol.sty, epsf.sty, complete Postscript file is also available at http://physics.technion.ac.il/~zubko/eb.html#SMCDUST1
title: ADCO, Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0057
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0057, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0057, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Emberiza hortulana Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Emberizidae
Emberiza
Emberiza hortulana

description: Emberiza hortulana [spec. nov.]
E. remigibus nigris: primis tribus margine albidis, rectricibus nigris: lateralibus duabus extrorsum nigris. Fn. svec. 208.
Hortulanus. Gesn. av. 569. Jonst. av... t. 37. Will. orn. 167. t. 40. Raj. av. 94. n. 6. Olin. av. 22. Albin. av. 2. t. 50.
Miliaria pingvescens. Frisch. av. 2. t. 5. f. 3. 4.
Habitat in Europa.
Oculorum orbita s. palpebrae nudae flavae, ut oculi annulo flavo cingantur nudo, & caput subtus ad maxillam inferiorem flavum.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 177, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Hyperfine-interaction limits polarization entanglement of photons from semiconductor quantum dots
Creators: name: Schimpf, Christian
name: Basset, Francesco Basso
name: Aigner, Maximilian
name: Atteneder, Wolfgang
name: Gínes, Laia
name: Undeutsch, Gabriel
name: Reindl, Marcus
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Gangloff, Dorian
name: Chekhovich, Evgeny
name: Schneider, Christian
name: Höfling, Sven
name: Predojević, Ana
name: Trotta, Rinaldo
name: Rastelli, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitons in quantum dots are excellent sources of polarization-entangled photon pairs, but a quantitative understanding of their interaction with the nuclear spin bath is still missing. Here we investigate the role of hyperfine energy shifts using experimentally accessible parameters and derive an upper limit to the achievable entanglement fidelity. Our results are consistent with all available literature, indicate that spin-noise is often the dominant process limiting the entanglement in InGaAs quantum dots, and suggest routes to alleviate its effect.
Loxia violacea Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Fringillidae
Loxia
Loxia violacea

description: Loxia violacea [spec. nov.]
L. violacea, superciliis gula anoque rubris.
Coccothraustes purpurea. Catesb. car. 1. p. 40. t. 40.
Habitat in America.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 176, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Dielectron and heavy-quark production in inelastic and high-multiplicity proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of dielectron production is presented as a function of invariant mass and transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) at midrapidity ($|y_{\rm e}|<0.8$) in proton-proton (pp) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. The contributions from light-hadron decays are calculated from their measured cross sections in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV or 13 TeV. The remaining continuum stems from correlated semileptonic decays of heavy-flavour hadrons. Fitting the data with templates from two different MC event generators, PYTHIA and POWHEG, the charm and beauty cross sections at midrapidity are extracted for the first time at this collision energy: ${\rm d}σ_{\rm c\bar{c}}/{\rm d}y|_{y=0}=974\pm138(\rm{stat.})\pm140(\rm{syst.})~μ{\rm b}$ and ${\rm d}σ_{\rm b\bar{b}}/{\rm d}y|_{y=0}=79\pm14(\rm{stat.})\pm11(\rm{syst.})~μ{\rm b}$ using PYTHIA simulations and ${\rm d}σ_{\rm c\bar{c}}/{\rm d}y|_{y=0}=1417\pm184(\rm{stat.})\pm204(\rm{syst.})~μ{\rm b}$ and ${\rm d}σ_{\rm b\bar{b}}/{\rm d}y|_{y=0}=48\pm14(\rm{stat.})\pm7(\rm{syst.})~μ{\rm b}$ for POWHEG. These values, whose uncertainties are fully correlated between the two generators, are consistent with extrapolations from lower energies. The different results obtained with POWHEG and PYTHIA imply different kinematic correlations of the heavy-quark pairs in these two generators. Furthermore, comparisons of dielectron spectra in inelastic events and in events collected with a trigger on high charged-particle multiplicities are presented in various $p_{\rm T}$ intervals. The differences are consistent with the already measured scaling of light-hadron and open-charm production at high charged-particle multiplicity as a function of $p_{\rm T}$. Upper limits for the contribution of virtual direct photons are extracted at 90% confidence level and found to be in agreement with pQCD calculations.
description: 23 pages, 5 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 18, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/4291
Genus statistics on CMB polarization maps and cosmological parameters degeneracy
Creators: name: Popa, L.
name: Stefanescu, P.
name: Fabbri, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We applay the genus statistics to simulated CMB polarization maps, constructed from the secondary-ionization cosmological models in experimental situations comparable to those of forthcoming space experiments. We find that both the cosmic baryon density and the spectral index of density perturbations are strongly anicorrelated to the reionization redshift. Using the Fisher matrix approach we show that the accuracy on the spectral index and optical depth to the last scattering are improved in the case of genus statistics when comparing with the accuracy obtained from the standard power spectrum statistics.
description: 22 pages in LaTex format, 4 figures in a single ps file Accepted at New Astronomy
Transport Effects in the Evolution of the Global Solar Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Petrovay, K.
name: Szakaly, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axisymmetric component of the large-scale solar magnetic fields has a pronounced poleward branch at higher latitudes. In order to clarify the origin of this branch we construct an axisymmetric model of the passive transport of the mean poloidal magnetic field in the convective zone, including meridional circulation, anisotropic diffusivity, turbulent pumping and density pumping. For realistic values of the transport coefficients we find that diffusivity is prevalent, and the latitudinal distribution of the field at the surface simply reflects the conditions at the bottom of the convective zone. Pumping effects concentrate the field to the bottom of the convective zone; a significant part of this pumping occurs in a shallow subsurface layer, normally not resolved in dynamo models. The phase delay of the surface poloidal field relative to the bottom poloidal field is found to be small. These results support the double dynamo wave models, may be compatible with some form of a mixed transport scenario, and exclude the passive transport theory for the origin of the polar branch.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures; Solar Physics, in press
Origin and Propagation of Fluctuations of Turbulent Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Petrovay, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The degree of linear polarization has recently been found to show wide random variations over the solar disk. These variations are presumably at least partly due to fluctuations in the flux density of turbulent photospheric magnetic fields and associated variations in the degree of Hanle depolarization. In order to understand the origin of such large scale fluctuations of the turbulent magnetic flux density we develop a phenomenological model to calculate the spatial Fourier spectrum of the fluctuations of turbulent magnetic fields in the solar photosphere and convective zone. It is found that if the model parameters are fitted to turbulence closure models and numerical experiments the characteristic scale of the fluctuations is by about an order of magnitude larger than the turbulence scale (the scale of the granulation), owing to the more effective quenching of small-scale fluctuations by turbulent diffusion.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; In: High Resolution Solar Physics: Theory, Observations, and Techniques (Rimmele T., Balasubramaniam K. S. and Radick R. eds.), Proc. 19th NSO/SP Workshop, Conf. Series Astron. Soc. Pacif., in press
Deep Learning Predicts Prevalent and Incident Parkinson's Disease From UK Biobank Fundus Imaging
Creators: name: Tran, Charlie
name: Shen, Kai
name: Liu, Kang
name: Ashok, Akshay
name: Ramirez-Zamora, Adolfo
name: Chen, Jinghua
name: Li, Yulin
name: Fang, Ruogu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Parkinson's disease is the world's fastest-growing neurological disorder. Research to elucidate the mechanisms of Parkinson's disease and automate diagnostics would greatly improve the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease. Current diagnostic methods are expensive and have limited availability. Considering the insidious and preclinical onset and progression of the disease, a desirable screening should be diagnostically accurate even before the onset of symptoms to allow medical interventions. We highlight retinal fundus imaging, often termed a window to the brain, as a diagnostic screening modality for Parkinson's disease. We conducted a systematic evaluation of conventional machine learning and deep learning techniques to classify Parkinson's disease from UK Biobank fundus imaging. Our results show that Parkinson's disease individuals can be differentiated from age and gender-matched healthy subjects with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.77. This accuracy is maintained when predicting either prevalent or incident Parkinson's disease. Explainability and trustworthiness are enhanced by visual attribution maps of localized biomarkers and quantified metrics of model robustness to data perturbations.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, 4 supplementary tables
Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Emberizidae
Emberiza
Emberiza citrinella

description: Emberiza citrinella [spec. nov.]
E. rectricibus nigricantibus: extimis duabus latere interiore macula alba acuta. Fn. svec. 205.
Emberiza flava. Gesn. av. 653. Will. orn. 196. t. 40. Raj. av. 93. n. 2. Alb. av. 1. p. 63. t. 66.
Luteae alterum genus. Aldr. orn.
Miliaria lutea. Frisch. av. 2. t. 5. f. 2.
Habitat in Europa, nidificat humi in pratis.
Hyeme domestica; aestate colligit larvas Brassicae.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 177, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Renormalization Group Flow and Fragmentation in the Self-Gravitating Thermal Gas
Creators: name: Semelin, B.
name: de Vega, H. J.
name: S'anchez, N.
name: Combes, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The self-gravitating thermal gas (non-relativistic particles of mass m at temperature T) is exactly equivalent to a field theory with a single scalar field phi(x) and exponential self-interaction. We build up perturbation theory around a space dependent stationary point phi_0(r) in a finite size domain delta \leq r \leq R ,(delta << R), which is relevant for astrophysical applica- tions (interstellar medium,galaxy distributions).We compute the correlations of the gravitational potential (phi) and of the density and find that they scale; the latter scales as 1/r^2. A rich structure emerges in the two-point correl- tors from the phi fluctuations around phi_0(r). The n-point correlators are explicitly computed to the one-loop level.The relevant effective coupling turns out to be lambda=4 pi G m^2 / (T R). The renormalization group equations (RGE) for the n-point correlator are derived and the RG flow for the effective coupling lambda(tau) [tau = ln(R/delta), explicitly obtained.A novel dependence on tau emerges here.lambda(tau) vanishes each time tau approaches discrete values tau=tau_n = 2 pi n/sqrt7-0, n=0,1,2, ...Such RG infrared stable behavior [lambda(tau) decreasing with increasing tau] is here connected with low density self-similar fractal structures fitting one into another.For scales smaller than the points tau_n, ultraviolet unstable behaviour appears which we connect to Jeans' unstable behaviour, growing density and fragmentation. Remarkably, we get a hierarchy of scales and Jeans lengths following the geometric progression R_n=R_0 e^{2 pi n /sqrt7} = R_0 [10.749087...]^n . A hierarchy of this type is expected for non-spherical geometries,with a rate different from e^{2 n/sqrt7}.
description: LaTex, 31 pages, 11 .ps figures
Additional file 1: of Web of microbes (WoM): a curated microbial exometabolomics database for linking chemistry and microbes
Creators: name: Kosina, Suzanne
name: Greiner, Annette
name: Lau, Rebecca
name: Jenkins, Stefan
name: Baran, Richard
name: Bowen, Benjamin
name: Northen, Trent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Experimental considerations for exometabolomics. Metabolite identification considerations. Methods for Use Case: Exometabolomics of soil isolates in R2A. Figure S1. Exometabolomics workflows for Web of Microbes. Figure S2. Web of Microbes SQL Relational Database. Figure S3. Web of Microbes data processing: Metabolite assertions for control and spent metabolite pools. Figure S4. WoM One Organism view: The metabolic actions of Synechococcus sp. PCC7002 on four pools of metabolites. Figure S5. WoM One Metabolite view: The metabolic actions of multiple organisms in multiple environments on glycine betaine. Figure S6. WoM One Environment view: The metabolic actions of ten soil isolates in R2A medium. Figure S7. WoM Compatibility Scores: Predicted interactions of two soil isolates in R2A. Figure S8. WoM One Environment view: visualization of time-course and consortia data. Figure S9. WoM One Environment view: native microbial communities. Figure S10. WoM One Environment, OCS-FME score: Predicted metabolite exchange potential between auxotrophs. Figure S11. WoM One Organism view: Comparison of metabolite compositions of untransformed controls. (PDF 1599 kb)
Measurements of low-$p_{\rm T}$ electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays at mid-rapidity in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at $\mathbf{\sqrt{{\it s}_\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transverse-momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) differential yields of electrons from semileptonic heavy-flavour hadron decays have been measured in the most central (0-10%) and in semi-central (20-40%) Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76$ TeV. The corresponding production cross section in pp collisions has been measured at the same energy with substantially reduced systematic uncertainties with respect to previously published results. The modification of the yield in Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the expectation from an incoherent superposition of nucleon-nucleon collisions is quantified at mid-rapidity ($|y|$ $
description: 27 pages, 5 captioned figures, 5 tables, authors from page 22, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/4283
Repeated Bilateral Trade Against a Smoothed Adversary
Creators: name: Cesa-Bianchi, Nicolò
name: Cesari, Tommaso
name: Colomboni, Roberto
name: Fusco, Federico
name: Leonardi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study repeated bilateral trade where an adaptive $σ$-smooth adversary generates the valuations of sellers and buyers. We provide a complete characterization of the regret regimes for fixed-price mechanisms under different feedback models in the two cases where the learner can post either the same or different prices to buyers and sellers. We begin by showing that the minimax regret after $T$ rounds is of order $\sqrt{T}$ in the full-feedback scenario. Under partial feedback, any algorithm that has to post the same price to buyers and sellers suffers worst-case linear regret. However, when the learner can post two different prices at each round, we design an algorithm enjoying regret of order $T^{3/4}$ ignoring log factors. We prove that this rate is optimal by presenting a surprising $T^{3/4}$ lower bound, which is the main technical contribution of the paper.
Tight, robust, and feasible quantum speed limits for open dynamics
Creators: name: Campaioli, Francesco
name: Pollock, Felix A.
name: Modi, Kavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from a geometric perspective, we derive a quantum speed limit for arbitrary open quantum evolution, which could be Markovian or non-Markovian, providing a fundamental bound on the time taken for the most general quantum dynamics. Our methods rely on measuring angles and distances between (mixed) states represented as generalized Bloch vectors. We study the properties of our bound and present its form for closed and open evolution, with the latter in both Lindblad form and in terms of a memory kernel. Our speed limit is provably robust under composition and mixing, features that largely improve the effectiveness of quantum speed limits for open evolution of mixed states. We also demonstrate that our bound is easier to compute and measure than other quantum speed limits for open evolution, and that it is tighter than the previous bounds for almost all open processes. Finally, we discuss the usefulness of quantum speed limits and their impact in current research.
description: Main: 11 pages, 3 figures. Appendix: 2 pages, 1 figure
Bio-inspired micro-structural design for CFRP: exploring damage mechanisms of nacre
Creators: name: Narducci, Federico
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Carbon-Fibre Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) are widely regarded as the material of choice for many aerospace and automotive applications, where high specific strength and stiffness are required. However, one of the main limitations to further extending the use of such materials is their inherent brittleness, which results in the difficulty to design damage-tolerant lightweight structures. Among the innovative solutions recently proposed to improve the damage tolerance of CFRP, biomimetics provides a valuable source of inspiration. In particular, of the many biological composites, nacre is one that provides a remarkably tough behaviour, due to its discontinuous tiled micro-structure leading to damage-diffusion and crack-deflection mechanisms acting at the micro-scale. In this work, a carbon-fibre/epoxy composite with nacre-inspired tiled micro-structure is firstly designed and synthesised. Analytical and numerical models are developed to identify suitable configurations for the tile geometry with interlocks, leading to tiles of about 600 μm which are then laser-engraved in the laminate plies. In-situ bending tests show how the nacre-like interlocking micro-structure succeeds in diverting cracks and avoiding localised failure, while toughness and heterogeneity of the interface between tiles are identified as key elements to promote further spreading of damage. In order to improve the ductility of the interface, a film-casting technique is developed to deposit extremely thin layers (~13 μm) of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) onto the interface of carbon/epoxy prepregs. Different patterns of PLA texture (including fractals) are explored, with DCB and 4ENF tests showing an increase in interlaminar toughness of about 80% for Mode I and 12% for Mode II. The film-casting method mentioned above is then used to modify the interfaces of the nacre-inspired laminate, by depositing thin PLA patches with fractal shape in between plies. This results in a thin texture of thermoplastic material that toughens the interface without significantly increasing the overall thickness of the laminate. Results show that damage diffusion is considerably enhanced by the tougher and more heterogeneous interface, which succeeds in creating more extensive pull-out of the interlocking tiles. Finally, the interaction between nacre-inspired discontinuous micro-structures and continuous fibre-reinforced layers is analysed. It is shown how continuous layers can be used to trigger unstable failure in the nacre-like material, to act as a crack-propagation barrier, or to change the morphology of damage by promoting a transition from brittle failure to energy-dissipating tile pull-out.
Interstellar Depletion onto Very Small Dust Grains
Creators: name: Weingartner, Joseph C.
name: Draine, Bruce T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the depletion of elements from the interstellar gas onto a population of very small dust grains. Adopting a grain model in which of order 4% of the cosmic C abundance is in grains with radii <= 10 Angstroms, we find that the rate of accretion onto these grains is adequately fast to account for the observed large depletions of elements like Ti, without invoking unreasonably high rates of mass transfer between interstellar phases or low grain destruction rates. If these grains are composed of arene rings, then only a limited number of metal atoms can be locked up in them. The depletion would be quenched when this limit is reached, unless there is a mechanism for transferring the metals to larger grains and refreshing the very small grain population, for example by grain coagulation and shattering in the diffuse ISM. If Fe depletes onto the very small grains, then for reasonable coagulation rates there is at least one metal atom per five C atoms in the very small grain population. Furthermore, approximately 60% of the cosmic Fe is associated with the carbonaceous grain population. It is unclear whether this scenario is compatible with observations. However, if there is another population of very small grains, with a large capacity for holding Fe atoms, it might be the sink for the most heavily depleted elements.
description: LaTeX (21 pages, 4 eps figures, uses aaspp4.sty); ApJ, accepted
Emberiza nivalis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Emberizidae
Emberiza
Emberiza nivalis

description: Emberiza nivalis [spec. nov.]
E. remigibus albis: primoribus extrorsum nigris, rectricibus nigris: lateralibus tribus albis.
Alauda remigibus albis: primoribus extrorsum nigris, rectricibus nigris: lateralibus tribus albis. Act. Stockh. 1740. p. 368. t. 1. f. 9. Fn. svec. 194. t. 1. f. 194.
Pied-Chaffinch. Alb. av. 2. p. 50. t. 54. & 3. p. 67. t. 71.
Avis ignota piperini. Gesn. av. 798.
Fringilla albicans. Aldr. orn. l. 8. c. 357. t. 15. f. 1.
Montifringilla calcaribus alaudae. Will. orn. 187. t. 77. Raj. av. 88.
Miliaria nivis. Frisch. av. 2. t. 6. f. 1. 2.
Avis nivis. Martens. spitsb. 53. t. K. f. B. Edw. av. 126. t. 126.
Habitat in alpibus Lapponiae, Spitsbergae ad sinum Hudsonis alibique, terrae insidens; intensiore hyeme ad nos migrans; avena nutritur, Sapidissima; hyeme alba; noctu vigil.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 176, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Measurement of the inclusive J/$ψ$ polarization at forward rapidity in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the measurement of the inclusive J/$ψ$ polarization parameters in pp collisions at a center of mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.23 pb$^{-1}$. J/$ψ$ resonances are reconstructed in their di-muon decay channel in the rapidity interval $2.5 < y < 4.0$ and over the transverse-momentum interval $2 < p_{\rm T} < 15$ GeV/$c$. The three polarization parameters ($λ_θ$, $λ_φ$, $λ_{θφ}$) are measured as a function of $p_{\rm T}$ both in the helicity and Collins-Soper reference frames. The measured J/$ψ$ polarization parameters are found to be compatible with zero within uncertainties, contrary to expectations from all available predictions. The results are compared with the measurement in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV.
description: 20 pages, 6 captioned figures, 4 tables, authors from page 15, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/4282
Direct zero-sum problems for certain groups of rank three
Creators: name: Girard, Benjamin
name: Schmid, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine the exact value of the $η$-constant and the multiwise Davenport constants for finite abelian groups of rank three having the form $G \simeq C_2 \oplus C_{n_2} \oplus C_{n_3}$ with $2 \mid n_2 \mid n_3$. Moreover, we determine the Erdős-Ginzburg-Ziv constant of these groups under the assumption that $n_2/2$ has Property D or $n_2 = n_3$.
description: 17 pages