cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Search for supersymmetry in final states with missing transverse momentum and three or more $b$-jets in 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton$-$proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for supersymmetry involving the pair production of gluinos decaying via off-shell third-generation squarks into the lightest neutralino ($\tildeχ^0_1$) is reported. It exploits LHC proton$-$proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the ATLAS detector from 2015 to 2018. The search uses events containing large missing transverse momentum, up to one electron or muon, and several energetic jets, at least three of which must be identified as containing $b$-hadrons. Both a simple kinematic event selection and an event selection based upon a deep neural-network are used. No significant excess above the predicted background is found. In simplified models involving the pair production of gluinos that decay via off-shell top (bottom) squarks, gluino masses less than 2.44 TeV (2.35 TeV) are excluded at 95% CL for a massless $\tildeχ^0_1$. Limits are also set on the gluino mass in models with variable branching ratios for gluino decays to $b\bar{b}\tildeχ^0_1$, $t\bar{t}\tildeχ^0_1$ and $t\bar{b}\tildeχ^-_1$ / $\bar{t}b\tildeχ^+_1$.
description: 59 pages in total, author list starting page 43, 13 figures, 13 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2018-30/
Experimental Demonstrations of Native Implementation of Boolean Logic Hamiltonian in a Superconducting Quantum Annealer
Creators: name: Saida, Daisuke
name: Yamanashi, Yuki
name: Hidaka, Mutsuo
name: Hirayama, Fuminori
name: Imafuku, Kentaro
name: Nagasawa, Shuichi
name: Kawabata, Shiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: B.7.0
subject: 81-05

description: Experimental demonstrations of quantum annealing with native implementation of Boolean logic Hamiltonians are reported. As a superconducting integrated circuit, a problem Hamiltonian whose set of ground states is consistent with a given truth table is implemented for quantum annealing with no redundant qubits. As examples of the truth table, NAND and NOR are successfully fabricated as an identical circuit. Similarly, a native implementation of a multiplier comprising six superconducting flux qubits is also demonstrated. These native implementations of Hamiltonians consistent with Boolean logic provide an efficient and scalable way of applying annealing computation to so-called circuit satisfiability problems that aim to find a set of inputs consistent with a given output over any Boolean logic functions, especially those like factorization through a multiplier Hamiltonian. A proof-of-concept demonstration of a hybrid computing architecture for domain-specific quantum computing is described.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Modelling Mutual Exclusion in a Process Algebra with Time-outs
Creators: name: van Glabbeek, Rob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.2; F.4.1; F.3.2; F.3.1; C.2.2

description: I show that in a standard process algebra extended with time-outs one can correctly model mutual exclusion in such a way that starvation-freedom holds without assuming fairness or justness, even when one makes the problem more challenging by assuming memory accesses to be atomic. This can be achieved only when dropping the requirement of speed independence.
description: Mild revision in response to I&C reviewing, with added conclusion. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2008.13357
Tailoring Thermal Conductivity of Single-stranded Carbon-chain Polymers through Atomic Mass Modification
Creators: name: Liao, Quanwen
name: Zeng, Lingping
name: Liu, Zhichun
name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tailoring the thermal conductivity of polymers is central to enlarge their applications in the thermal management of flexible integrated circuits. Progress has been made over the past decade by fabricating materials with various nanostructures, but a clear relationship between various functional groups and thermal properties of polymers remains to be established. Here, we numerically study the thermal conductivity of single-stranded carbon-chain polymers with multiple substituents of hydrogen atoms through atomic mass modification. We find that their thermal conductivity can be tuned by atomic mass modifications as revealed through molecular dynamics simulations. The simulation results suggest that heavy homogeneous substituents do not assist heat transport and trace amounts of heavy substituents can in fact hinder heat transport substantially. Our analysis indicates that carbon chain has the biggest contribution (over 80%) to the thermal conduction in single-stranded carbon-chain polymers. We further demonstrate that atomic mass modifications influence the phonon bands of bonding carbon atoms, and the discrepancies of phonon bands between carbon atoms are responsible for the remarkable drops in thermal conductivity and large thermal resistances in carbon chains. Our study provides fundamental insight into how to tailor the thermal conductivity of polymers through variable substituents.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Ultra-Fast, High-Performance 8x8 Approximate Multipliers by a New Multicolumn 3,3:2 Inexact Compressor and its Derivatives
Creators: name: Karimi, Fereshteh
name: Mirzaee, Reza Faghih
name: Fakeri-Tabrizi, Ali
name: Roohi, Arman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A multiplier, as a key component in many different applications, is a time-consuming, energy-intensive computation block. Approximate computing is a practical design paradigm that attempts to improve hardware efficacy while keeping computation quality satisfactory. A novel multicolumn 3,3:2 inexact compressor is presented in this paper. It takes three partial products from two adjacent columns each for rapid partial product reduction. The proposed inexact compressor and its derivates enable us to design a high-speed approximate multiplier. Then, another ultra-fast, high-efficient approximate multiplier is achieved utilizing a systematic truncation strategy. The proposed multipliers accumulate partial products in only two stages, one fewer stage than other approximate multipliers in the literature. Implementation results by Synopsys Design Compiler and 45 nm technology node demonstrates nearly 11.11% higher speed for the second proposed design over the fastest existing approximate multiplier. Furthermore, the new approximate multipliers are applied to the image processing application of image sharpening, and their performance in this application is highly satisfactory. It is shown in this paper that the error pattern of an approximate multiplier, in addition to the mean error distance and error rate, has a direct effect on the outcomes of the image processing application.
description: 21 Pages, 18 Figures, 6 Tables
The cosmological constant as a boundary term
Creators: name: Buchmuller, Wilfried
name: Dragon, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the path integral for transition functions in unimodular gravity and in general relativity. In unimodular gravity the cosmological constant is a property of states that are specified at the boundaries whereas in general relativity the cosmological constant is a parameter of the action. Unimodular gravity with a nondynamical background spacetime volume element has a time variable that is canonically conjugate to the cosmological constant. Wave functions depend on time and satisfy a Schrödinger equation. On the contrary, in the covariant version of unimodular gravity with a 3-form gauge field, proposed by Henneaux and Teitelboim, wave functions are time independent and satisfy a Wheeler-DeWitt equation, as in general relativity. The 3-form gauge field integrated over spacelike hypersurfaces becomes a "cosmic time" only in the semiclassical approximation. In unimodular gravity the smallness of the observed cosmological constant has to be explained as a property of the initial state.
description: 22 pages, minor corrections, agrees with published version
A feminist critique of gender inclusive curriculum policy in Victorian primary schools from 1975 to 1995
Creators: name: Johnson, Evelyn
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
DCL: Differential Contrastive Learning for Geometry-Aware Depth Synthesis
Creators: name: Shen, Yuefan
name: Yang, Yanchao
name: Zheng, Youyi
name: Liu, C. Karen
name: Guibas, Leonidas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a method for unpaired realistic depth synthesis that learns diverse variations from the real-world depth scans and ensures geometric consistency between the synthetic and synthesized depth. The synthesized realistic depth can then be used to train task-specific networks facilitating label transfer from the synthetic domain. Unlike existing image synthesis pipelines, where geometries are mostly ignored, we treat geometries carried by the depth scans based on their own existence. We propose differential contrastive learning that explicitly enforces the underlying geometric properties to be invariant regarding the real variations been learned. The resulting depth synthesis method is task-agnostic, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed synthesis method by extensive evaluations on real-world geometric reasoning tasks. The networks trained with the depth synthesized by our method consistently achieve better performance across a wide range of tasks than state of the art, and can even surpass the networks supervised with full real-world annotations when slightly fine-tuned, showing good transferability.
description: Accepted by International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) 2022 and RA-L 2022
Flat-band ferromagnetism in a correlated topological insulator on a honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Leite, Leonardo S. G.
name: Doretto, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the flat-band ferromagnetic phase of a spinfull and time-reversal symmetric Haldane-Hubbard model on a honeycomb lattice within a bosonization formalism for flat-band Z$_2$ topological insulators. Such a study extend our previous one [L. S. G. Leite and R. L. Doretto, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 104}, 155129 (2021)] concerning the flat-band ferromagnetic phase of a correlated Chern insulator described by a Haldane-Hubbard model. We consider the topological Hubbard model at $1/4$ filling of its corresponding noninteracting limit and in the nearly flat band limit of its lower free-electronic bands. We show that it is possible to define boson operators associated with two distinct spin-flip excitations, one that changes (mixed-lattice excitations) and a second one that preserves (same-lattice excitations) the index related with the two triangular sublattices. Within the bosonization scheme, the fermionic model is mapped into an effective interacting boson model, whose quadratic term is considered at the harmonic approximation in order to determine the spin-wave excitation spectrum. For both mixed and same-lattice excitations, we find that the spin-wave spectrum is gapped and has two branches, with an energy gap between the lower and the upper bands at the $K$ and $K'$ points of the first Brillouin zone. Such a behavior is distinct from the one of the corresponding correlated Chern insulator, whose spin-wave spectrum has a Goldstone mode at the center of the first Brillouin zone and Dirac points at $K$ and $K'$ points. We also find some evidences that the spin-wave bands for the same-lattice excitations might be topologically nontrivial even in the completely flat band limit.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, companion paper to our previous arXiv:2106.00468, final version
Biphenyl Backbone-Based (Bis)Urea and (Bis)Thiourea Derivatives as Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Agents and Evaluation of Docking Studies and ADME Properties
Creators: name: Madasani, Srinivasarao
name: Devineni, Subba Rao
name: Chamarthi, Naga Raju
name: Pavuluri, Chandra Mouli
name: Vejendla, Anuradha
name: Chintha, Venkataramaiah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In the present study, a new series of (bis)ureas 11(a–f) and (bis)thioureas 13(a–f) of 3,3'-dimethoxy-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine dihydrochloride (9) has been synthesized. This precursor intermediate 9 in high yields was preparedfrom the commercial starting material, 4,4'-dinitro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3,3'-diol (7) by following the chemical transformations such as methylation of hydroxyl groups and reduction of nitro to an amine functionality. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the synthesized compounds were evaluated to screen for their biological significance. Antimicrobial activity screening results against four bacteria and two fungi unveiled that a few compounds, 11 b/13b, 11e/13e, and 11d (MIC 3.125 − 6.25 µg/ml) against all the tested bacterial strains and compound 11d against Cladosporium species (MIC 3.125 µg/ml) having potential activity. Especially, (bis)urea compounds 11a, 11 b, and 11e, and (bis)thiourea compounds 13a, 13d, and 13f (MIC 3.125 µg/ml) are proved the comparable activity with standard, cefixime (MIC 3.125 µg/ml) against P. aeruginosa. On the other hand, a few compounds 11c/13c, 13d, and 11e/13e were found, by using DPPH and FRAP methods, to exhibit a good antioxidant activity (IC50 range 25.0–32.5 µg/ml). The synthesized compounds were docked well in the active site of an enzyme, DNA Gyrase A, and the predictions of in silico-ADME and pharmacokinetic parameters suggest that the compounds have good oral bioavailability. The results demonstrate that this class of compounds has an expedient scope to use as antibacterial and antioxidant agents upon further development.
Magnetism of the antiferromagnetic spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ tetramer compound CuInVO$_5$
Creators: name: Hase, Masashi
name: Matsumoto, Masashige
name: Matsuo, Akira
name: Kindo, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility and specific heat and the magnetic-field dependence of the magnetization of CuInVO$_5$. An antiferromagnetically ordered state appears below $T_{\rm N} = 2.7$ K. We observed a $\frac{1}{2}$ quantum magnetization plateau above 30 T at 1.3 K. We show that the spin system consists of antiferromagnetic spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ tetramers with $J_1 = 240 \pm 20$ and $J_2 = -142 \pm 10$ K for the intratetramer interactions.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
3D polymer simulations of genome organization and transcription across different chromosomes and cell types
Creators: name: Semeraro, Massimiliano
name: Negro, Giuseppe
name: Suma, Antonio
name: Gonnella, Giuseppe
name: Marenduzzo, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ the diffusing transcription factors model for numerical simulation of chromatin topology conformations and transcriptional processes of human chromatin. Simulations of a short chromatin filament reveal different possible pathways to regulate transcription: it is shown that the transcriptional activity profile can be regulated and controlled by either acting on the chain structural properties, or on external factors, such as the number of transcription factors. Additionally, comparisons between GRO-seq experimental data and large scale numerical simulation of entire chromosomes from the human umbilical vein endothelial cell and the B-lmphocyte GM12878 show that the model provides reliable and statistically significant predictions for transcription across different cell-lines.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
GCN-Denoiser: Mesh Denoising with Graph Convolutional Networks
Creators: name: Shen, Yuefan
name: Fu, Hongbo
name: Du, Zhongshuo
name: Chen, Xiang
name: Burnaev, Evgeny
name: Zorin, Denis
name: Zhou, Kun
name: Zheng, Youyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present GCN-Denoiser, a novel feature-preserving mesh denoising method based on graph convolutional networks (GCNs). Unlike previous learning-based mesh denoising methods that exploit hand-crafted or voxel-based representations for feature learning, our method explores the structure of a triangular mesh itself and introduces a graph representation followed by graph convolution operations in the dual space of triangles. We show such a graph representation naturally captures the geometry features while being lightweight for both training and inference. To facilitate effective feature learning, our network exploits both static and dynamic edge convolutions, which allow us to learn information from both the explicit mesh structure and potential implicit relations among unconnected neighbors. To better approximate an unknown noise function, we introduce a cascaded optimization paradigm to progressively regress the noise-free facet normals with multiple GCNs. GCN-Denoiser achieves the new state-of-the-art results in multiple noise datasets, including CAD models often containing sharp features and raw scan models with real noise captured from different devices. We also create a new dataset called PrintData containing 20 real scans with their corresponding ground-truth meshes for the research community. Our code and data are available in https://github.com/Jhonve/GCN-Denoiser.
description: Accepted by ACM Transactions on Graphics 2021
Scalar field dark matter and dark energy: a hybrid model for the dark sector
Creators: name: van de Bruck, Carsten
name: Poulot, Gaspard
name: Teixeira, Elsa M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diverse cosmological and astrophysical observations strongly hint at the presence of dark matter and dark energy in the Universe. One of the main goals of Cosmology is to explain the nature of these two components. It may well be that both dark matter and dark energy have a common origin. In this paper, we develop a model in which the dark sector arises due to an interplay between two interacting scalar fields. Employing a hybrid inflation potential, we show that the model can be described as a system of a pressureless fluid coupled to a light scalar field. We discuss this setup's cosmological consequences and the observational signatures in the cosmic microwave background radiation and the large-scale structures.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. V2: matches published version
Irish Property Price Estimation Using A Flexible Geo-spatial Smoothing Approach: What is the Impact of an Address?
Creators: name: Hurley, Aoife K.
name: Sweeney, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate and efficient valuation of property is of utmost importance in a variety of settings, such as when securing mortgage finance to purchase a property, or where residential property taxes are set as a percentage of a property's resale value. Internationally, resale based property taxes are most common due to ease of implementation and the difficulty of establishing site values. In an Irish context, property valuations are currently based on comparison to recently sold neighbouring properties, however, this approach is limited by low property turnover. National property taxes based on property value, as opposed to site value, also act as a disincentive to improvement works due to the ensuing increased tax burden. In this article we develop a spatial hedonic regression model to separate the spatial and non-spatial contributions of property features to resale value. We mitigate the issue of low property turnover through geographic correlation, borrowing information across multiple property types and finishes. We investigate the impact of address mislabelling on predictive performance, where vendors erroneously supply a more affluent postcode, and evaluate the contribution of improvement works to increased values. Our flexible geo-spatial model outperforms all competitors across a number of different evaluation metrics, including the accuracy of both price prediction and associated uncertainty intervals. While our models are applied in an Irish context, the ability to accurately value properties in markets with low property turnover and to quantify the value contributions of specific property features has widespread application. The ability to separate spatial and non-spatial contributions to a property's value also provides an avenue to site-value based property taxes.
NLO+NLL Collider Bounds, Dirac Fermion and Scalar Dark Matter in the B-L Model
Creators: name: Klasen, Michael
name: Lyonnet, Florian
name: Queiroz, Farinaldo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baryon and lepton numbers being accidental global symmetries of the Standard Model (SM), it is natural to promote them to local symmetries. However, to preserve anomaly freedom, only combinations of B-L are viable. In this spirit, we investigate possible dark matter realizations in the context of the $U(1)_{B-L}$ model: (i) Dirac fermion with unbroken B-L; (ii) Dirac fermion with broken B-L; (iii) scalar dark matter; (iv) two component dark matter. We compute the relic abundance, direct and indirect detection observables and confront them with recent results from Planck, LUX-2016, and Fermi-LAT and prospects from XENON1T. In addition to the well known LEP bound $M_{Z^{\prime}}/g_{BL} \gtrsim 7$ TeV, we include often ignored LHC bounds using 13 TeV dilepton (dimuon+dielectron) data at next-to-leading order plus next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. We show that, for gauge couplings smaller than $0.4$, the LHC gives rise to the strongest collider limit. In particular, we find $M_{Z^{\prime}}/g_{BL} > 8.7$ TeV for $g_{BL}=0.3$. We conclude that the NLO+NLL corrections improve the dilepton bounds on the $Z^{\prime}$ mass and that both dark matter candidates are only viable in the $Z^{\prime}$ resonance region, with the parameter space for scalar dark matter being fully probed by XENON1T. Lastly, we show that one can successfully have a minimal two component dark matter model.
description: 30 pages, 14 figures
VQF: Highly Accurate IMU Orientation Estimation with Bias Estimation and Magnetic Disturbance Rejection
Creators: name: Laidig, Daniel
name: Seel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The miniaturization of inertial measurement units (IMUs) facilitates their widespread use in a growing number of application domains. Orientation estimation is a prerequisite for most further data processing steps in inertial motion tracking, such as position/velocity estimation, joint angle estimation, and 3D visualization. Errors in the estimated orientations severely affect all further processing steps. Recent systematic comparisons of existing algorithms show that out-of-the-box accuracy is often low and that application-specific tuning is required to obtain high accuracy. In the present work, we propose and extensively evaluate a quaternion-based orientation estimation algorithm that is based on a novel approach of filtering the acceleration measurements in an almost-inertial frame and that includes extensions for gyroscope bias estimation and magnetic disturbance rejection, as well as a variant for offline data processing. In contrast to all existing work, we perform an extensive evaluation, using a large collection of publicly available datasets and eight literature methods for comparison. The proposed method consistently outperforms all literature methods and achieves an average RMSE of 2.9°, while the errors obtained with literature methods range from 5.3° to 16.7°. Since the evaluation was performed with one single fixed parametrization across a very diverse dataset collection, we conclude that the proposed method provides unprecedented out-of-the-box performance for a broad range of motions, sensor hardware, and environmental conditions. This gain in orientation estimation accuracy is expected to advance the field of IMU-based motion analysis and provide performance benefits in numerous applications. The provided open-source implementation makes it easy to employ the proposed method.
description: Accepted manuscript
Homomorphism complexes, reconfiguration, and homotopy for directed graphs
Creators: name: Dochtermann, Anton
name: Singh, Anurag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C20, 05C15, 55P10, 55U35, 18D20

description: The neighborhood complex of a graph was introduced by Lovász to provide topological lower bounds on chromatic number. More general homomorphism complexes of graphs were further studied by Babson and Kozlov. Such `Hom complexes' are also related to mixings of graph colorings and other reconfiguration problems, as well as a notion of discrete homotopy for graphs. Here we initiate the detailed study of Hom complexes for directed graphs (digraphs). For any pair of digraphs graphs $G$ and $H$, we consider the polyhedral complex $\text{Hom}(G,H)$ that parametrizes the directed graph homomorphisms $f: G \rightarrow H$. Hom complexes of digraphs have applications in the study of chains in graded posets and cellular resolutions of monomial ideals. We study examples of directed Hom complexes and relate their topological properties to certain graph operations including products, adjunctions, and foldings. We introduce a notion of a neighborhood complex for a digraph and prove that its homotopy type is recovered as the Hom complex of homomorphisms from a directed edge. We establish a number of results regarding the topology of directed neighborhood complexes, including the dependence on directed bipartite subgraphs, a digraph version of the Mycielski construction, as well as vanishing theorems for higher homology. The Hom complexes of digraphs provide a natural framework for reconfiguration of homomorphisms of digraphs. Inspired by notions of directed graph colorings we study the connectivity of $\text{Hom}(G,T_n)$ for $T_n$ a tournament. Finally, we use paths in the internal hom objects of digraphs to define various notions of homotopy, and discuss connections to the topology of Hom complexes.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures; V2: some changes in notation, clarified statements and proofs, other corrections and minor revisions incorporating comments from referees
Transitioning from a bounce to $R^2$ inflation
Creators: name: Daniel, Richard
name: Campbell, Mariam
name: van de Bruck, Carsten
name: Dunsby, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-singular bouncing cosmologies are well--motivated models for the early universe. Recent observational data are consistent with positive spatial curvature and allow for a natural collapsing and bouncing phase in the very early universe. Additionally, bouncing cosmologies have the potential to rectify conceptual shortcomings identified in the theory of inflation, such as the singularity problem. In this paper we present a classical bouncing model in the context of modified gravity, including an $R^2$-term in the action. We show that after the bounce, the universe enters naturally a period of inflation, driven by the $R^2$--term. We analyse the stability of the model and find that the scalaron assists the stability of the model.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Strong signature of one-loop self-energy in polarization resolved nonlinear Compton scattering
Creators: name: Li, Yan-Fei
name: Chen, Yue-Yue
name: Hatsagortsyan, K. Z.
name: Di Piazza, A.
name: Tamburini, M.
name: Keitel, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization dynamics of electrons including multiple nonlinear Compton scattering during the interaction of a circularly-polarized ultraintense laser pulse with a counterpropagating ultrarelativistic electron beam is investigated. While electron polarization emerges mostly due to spin-flips at photon emissions, there is a non-radiative contribution to the polarization which stems from the one-loop QED radiative corrections to the self-energy, which admits of a simple physical model. We put forward a method to single out the non-radiative contribution to the polarization, employing the reflection regime of the interaction when the radiation reaction is significant. The polarization of electrons that penetrate in the forward direction through a colliding laser is shown to be dominated by the loop effect, while the reflected electrons are mostly polarized by spin-flips at photon emissions. We confirm this effect by quantum Monte Carlo simulations considering the helicity transfer from the laser field to the electrons, taking into account the opposite sign of the polarizations induced by the non-radiative loop effect and radiative spin-flip. Our Monte Carlo simulations show a polarization signal as high as $\gtrsim 10\%$ from the non-radiative effect, amenable for experimental detection with current technology.
Measurement of the $CP$ properties of Higgs boson interactions with $τ$-leptons with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of the charge conjugation and parity ($CP$) properties of the interaction between the Higgs boson and $τ$-leptons is presented. The study is based on a measurement of $CP$-sensitive angular observables defined by the visible decay products of $τ$-lepton decays, where at least one hadronic decay is required. The analysis uses 139 fb$^{-1}$ of proton$-$proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}= 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Contributions from $CP$-violating interactions between the Higgs boson and $τ$-leptons are described by a single mixing angle parameter $ϕ_τ$ in the generalised Yukawa interaction. Without assuming the Standard Model hypothesis for the $H\rightarrowττ$ signal strength, the mixing angle $ϕ_τ$ is measured to be $9^{\circ} \pm 16^{\circ}$, with an expected value of $0^{\circ} \pm 28^{\circ}$ at the 68% confidence level. The pure $CP$-odd hypothesis is disfavoured at a level of 3.4 standard deviations. The results are compatible with the predictions for the Higgs boson in the Standard Model.
description: 29 pages in total, 9 figures, 7 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2019-10/
The impact of intervention strategies in improving the feedback environment of mental health settings
Creators: name: Leuschner, Dirk
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Retrieving challenging vessel connections in retinal images by line co-occurrence statistics
Creators: name: Abbasi-Sureshjani, Samaneh
name: Zhang, Jiong
name: Duits, Remco
name: Romeny, Bart ter Haar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural images contain often curvilinear structures, which might be disconnected, or partly occluded. Recovering the missing connection of disconnected structures is an open issue and needs appropriate geometric reasoning. We propose to find line co-occurrence statistics from the centerlines of blood vessels in retinal images and show its remarkable similarity to a well-known probabilistic model for the connectivity pattern in the primary visual cortex. Furthermore, the probabilistic model is trained from the data via statistics and used for automated grouping of interrupted vessels in a spectral clustering based approach. Several challenging image patches are investigated around junction points, where successful results indicate the perfect match of the trained model to the profiles of blood vessels in retinal images. Also, comparisons among several statistical models obtained from different datasets reveals their high similarity i.e., they are independent of the dataset. On top of that, the best approximation of the statistical model with the symmetrized extension of the probabilistic model on the projective line bundle is found with a least square error smaller than 2%. Apparently, the direction process on the projective line bundle is a good continuation model for vessels in retinal images.
Transcoding Billions of Unicode Characters per Second with SIMD Instructions
Creators: name: Lemire, Daniel
name: Muła, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In software, text is often represented using Unicode formats (UTF-8 and UTF-16). We frequently have to convert text from one format to the other, a process called transcoding. Popular transcoding functions are slower than state-of-the-art disks and networks. These transcoding functions make little use of the single-instruction-multiple-data (SIMD) instructions available on commodity processors. By designing transcoding algorithms for SIMD instructions, we multiply the speed of transcoding on current systems (x64 and ARM). To ensure reproducibility, we make our software freely available as an open source library.
description: Software: https://github.com/simdutf/simdutf
Blockage induced condensation controlled by a local reaction
Creators: name: Cirillo, Emilio N. M.
name: Colangeli, Matteo
name: Muntean, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the set-up of stationary Zero Range models and discuss the onset of condensation induced by a local blockage on the lattice. We show that the introduction of a local feedback on the hopping rates allows to control the particle fraction in the condensed phase. This phenomenon results in a current vs. blockage parameter curve characterized by two non--analyticity points.
Gamma Rays Bursts: A Viable Cosmological Probe?
Creators: name: Kumar, Darshan
name: Rani, Nisha
name: Jain, Deepak
name: Mahajan, Shobhit
name: Mukherjee, Amitabha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, our focus is on exploring the potential of current GRB measurements to provide reliable constraints on cosmological model parameters at high redshift. This work is divided into two parts. First, we calibrate the Amati relation in a model-independent way by using Hubble parameter measurements obtained from the differential ages of the galaxies. We further check if the Amati relation parameters evolve with the GRBs' redshift or not, using the data of Old Astrophysical Objects. The results indicate that GRBs do seem to evolve with redshift. In the second part, we test different cosmological models with the calibrated GRB data obtained by using constant and dynamical Amati relation. Our results indicate that the present quality of GRB data is not good enough to put tight constraints on the cosmological parameters. Hence we perform a joint analysis with the combined data of GRBs and Type Ia Supernovae (SNe) and find that this can considerably enhance cosmological constraints in contrast to solely relying on GRBs.
description: 35 Pages, 14 Figures, 13 Tables. Accepted for publication in JCAP
Bioleaching for Recovery of Metals from Spent Batteries – A Review
Creators: name: Moosakazemi, Farhad
name: Ghassa, Sina
name: Jafari, Mohammad
name: Chelgani, Saeed Chehreh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This review addresses the recovery of metals from all the main types of spent batteries (including Li-based, Zn-based, and Ni-based batteries) using bioleaching processes. Traditional processes are based on pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical methods and can be costly and, in some cases, cannot effectively recover the metals used in battery manufacture. Biobased hydrometallurgy may circumvent some of these drawbacks. This review presents a classification of batteries based on chemical composition from a recycling point of view. The bacterial and fungal leaching for each type of battery is reviewed. The research outputs are compared in each section, and chemical and biological mechanisms are presented. In addition, the catalytic effect of metals on the bioleaching process is reviewed for each battery. The results indicated that the main bioleaching mechanisms are the reactions of metals with metabolites, acid dissolution, and their combinations with oxidation-reduction reactions. The reactions presented in the literature are assessed and modified thermodynamically. The advantages and disadvantages of batteries bioleaching are discussed, and a future perspective is drawn. Although battery bioleaching has high efficiency and is an environmentally friendly method, with no gas emission and low energy consumption, slow kinetics and low pulp densities are among the major limiting factors hindering bioprocessing development from pilot to commercial scale.
Hybrid Quantum Classical Graph Neural Networks for Particle Track Reconstruction
Creators: name: Tüysüz, Cenk
name: Rieger, Carla
name: Novotny, Kristiane
name: Demirköz, Bilge
name: Dobos, Daniel
name: Potamianos, Karolos
name: Vallecorsa, Sofia
name: Vlimant, Jean-Roch
name: Forster, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at the European Organisation for Nuclear Research (CERN) will be upgraded to further increase the instantaneous rate of particle collisions (luminosity) and become the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). This increase in luminosity will significantly increase the number of particles interacting with the detector. The interaction of particles with a detector is referred to as "hit". The HL-LHC will yield many more detector hits, which will pose a combinatorial challenge by using reconstruction algorithms to determine particle trajectories from those hits. This work explores the possibility of converting a novel Graph Neural Network model, that can optimally take into account the sparse nature of the tracking detector data and their complex geometry, to a Hybrid Quantum-Classical Graph Neural Network that benefits from using Variational Quantum layers. We show that this hybrid model can perform similar to the classical approach. Also, we explore Parametrized Quantum Circuits (PQC) with different expressibility and entangling capacities, and compare their training performance in order to quantify the expected benefits. These results can be used to build a future road map to further develop circuit based Hybrid Quantum-Classical Graph Neural Networks.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Leo, Dr. A.Michael J
name: Sathia Sheela, Helen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 520102
subject: Educational psychology
classificationCode: 390199
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators
classificationCode: 449999
subject: Other human society not elsewhere classified

description: To find the relationship between reflectiveness and Pedagogical Knowledge of Prospective Teachers
Clustering and Structural Robustness in Causal Diagrams
Creators: name: Tikka, Santtu
name: Helske, Jouni
name: Karvanen, Juha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graphs are commonly used to represent and visualize causal relations. For a small number of variables, this approach provides a succinct and clear view of the scenario at hand. As the number of variables under study increases, the graphical approach may become impractical, and the clarity of the representation is lost. Clustering of variables is a natural way to reduce the size of the causal diagram, but it may erroneously change the essential properties of the causal relations if implemented arbitrarily. We define a specific type of cluster, called transit cluster, that is guaranteed to preserve the identifiability properties of causal effects under certain conditions. We provide a sound and complete algorithm for finding all transit clusters in a given graph and demonstrate how clustering can simplify the identification of causal effects. We also study the inverse problem, where one starts with a clustered graph and looks for extended graphs where the identifiability properties of causal effects remain unchanged. We show that this kind of structural robustness is closely related to transit clusters.
description: This is the version published in JMLR
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Leo, Dr. A.Michael J
name: S, Amutha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 520102
subject: Educational psychology
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education
classificationCode: 449999
subject: Other human society not elsewhere classified

description: This paper attempts to find the level and the relationship between social values and spiritual intelligence of Prospective Teachers
Cold dark matter protohalo structure around collapse: Lagrangian cosmological perturbation theory versus Vlasov simulations
Creators: name: Saga, Shohei
name: Taruya, Atsushi
name: Colombi, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the structure around shell-crossing time of cold dark matter protohaloes seeded by two or three crossed sine waves of various relative initial amplitudes, by comparing Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT) up to 10th order to high-resolution cosmological simulations performed with the public Vlasov code ColDICE. Accurate analyses of the density, the velocity, and related quantities such as the vorticity are performed by exploiting the fact that ColDICE can follow locally the phase-space sheet at the quadratic level. To test LPT predictions beyond shell-crossing, we employ a ballistic approximation, which assumes that the velocity field is frozen just after shell-crossing. In the generic case, where the amplitudes of the sine waves are all different, high-order LPT predictions match very well the exact solution, even beyond collapse. As expected, convergence slows down when going from quasi-1D dynamics where one wave dominates over the two others, to the axial-symmetric configuration, where all the amplitudes of the waves are equal. It is also noticed that LPT convergence is slower when considering velocity related quantities. Additionally, the structure of the system at and beyond collapse given by LPT and the simulations agrees very well with singularity theory predictions, in particular with respect to the caustic and vorticity patterns that develop beyond collapse. Again, this does not apply to axial-symmetric configurations, that are still correct from the qualitative point of view, but where multiple foldings of the phase-space sheet produce very high density contrasts, hence a strong backreaction of the gravitational force.
description: 31 pages, 18 figures
Restoring the Bloch-Nordsieck theorem in the electroweak sector of the standard model
Creators: name: Maas, Axel
name: Reiner, Franziska
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electroweak gauge symmetry cannot be broken in a literal sense due to Elitzur's theorem. Thus, asymptotic states need to be manifestly and non-perturbatively gauge-invariant with respect to the electroweak symmetry. To take this suitably into account perturbation theory augmented by the Fröhlich-Morchio-Strocchi mechanism can be used. We show that this restores the Bloch-Nordsieck theorem in electroweak processes in the standard model. This has potentially substantial impact at, e.g., future lepton colliders, but has only negligible effects at lower energies. We also demonstrate an alternative implementation using PDFs, which allows an approach with manifest electroweak Bloch-Nordsieck theorem also at hadron colliders.
description: 8 pages; v2: minor improvements and added short section about implications for the Kinoshita-Lee-Nauenberg theorem; version to appear in PRD