cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Association between antibiotic consumption and the rate of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from China based on 153 tertiary hospitals data in 2014
Creators: name: Yang, Ping
name: Chen, Yunbo
name: Jiang, Saiping
name: Shen, Ping
name: Lu, Xiaoyang
name: Xiao, Yonghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Details of participating hospitals. (PDF 120 kb)
title: A Click-Chemistry Linked 2’3’-cGAMP Analog
Creators: name: Dialer, Clemens Reto
name: Stazzoni, Samuele
name: Drexler, David Jan
name: Müller, Felix Moritz
name: Veth, Simon
name: Pichler, Alexander
name: Okamura, Hidenori
name: Witte, Gregor
name: Hopfner, Karl-Peter
name: Carell, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: cGAMP analog; cGAS; STING; ENPP1; cyclophane; CuAAC; macrolactamization
subject: 540

description: 2’3’-cGAMP is an uncanonical cyclic dinucleotide where one A and one G base are connected via a 3’-5’ and a unique 2’-5’ linkage. The molecule is produced by the cyclase cGAS in response to cytosolic DNA binding. cGAMP activates STING and hence one of the most powerful pathways of innate immunity. cGAMP analogs with uncharged linkages that feature better cellular penetrability are currently highly desired. Here, we report the synthesis of a cGAMP analog with one amide and one triazole linkage. The molecule is best prepared via a first Cu(I) catalysed click reaction which establishes the triazole, while the cyclization is achieved by macrolactamization.
On the Characterization of the Duhem Hysteresis Operator with Clockwise Input-Output Dynamics
Creators: name: Ouyang, Ruiyue
name: Andrieu, Vincent
name: Jayawardhana, Bayu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 34C55, 47N70, 93C10, 93C23

description: In this paper we investigate the dissipativity property of a certain class of Duhem hysteresis operator, which has clockwise (CW) input-output (I/O) behavior. In particular, we provide sufficient conditions on the Duhem operator such that it is CW and propose an explicit construction of the corresponding storage function satisfying dissipation inequality of CW systems. The result is used to analyze the stability of a second order system with hysteretic friction which is described by a Dahl model.
description: Pre-print, revised manuscript, 19 pages
Optimized maximum-confidence discrimination of N mixed quantum states and application to symmetric states
Creators: name: Herzog, Ulrike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an optimized measurement which discriminates N mixed quantum states occurring with given prior robabilities. The measurement yields the maximum achievable confidence for each of the N conclusive outcomes, thereby keeping the overall probability of inconclusive outcomes as small as possible. It corresponds to optimum unambiguous discrimination when for each outcome the confidence is equal to unity. Necessary and sufficient optimality conditions are derived and general properties of the optimum measurement are obtained. The results are applied to the optimized maximum-confidence discrimination of N equiprobable symmetric mixed states. Analytical solutions are presented for a number of examples, including the discrimination of N symmetric pure states spanning a d-dimensional Hilbert space (d \leq N) and the discrimination of N symmetric mixed qubit states.
description: minor corrections, final version
Regulation of intrinsic antibiotic resistance systems in mycobacteria and identification of synergistic drug combinations to overcome intrinsic antibiotic resistance
Creators: name: Lim, Leah Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is an adept pathogen partly due to its intrinsic antibiotic resistance systems which make an infection difficult to treat with antibiotics. Parts of these intrinsic antibiotic resistance systems are regulated by the product of the gene whiB7. A yeast two-hybrid experiment suggested that WhiB7 might interact with the anti-sigma factor RsbW, indirectly implying involvement with the alternate sigma factor SigF. Co-expression of WhiB7 and RsbW in Escherichia coli followed by pull-down experiments did not support this hypothesis. In order to understand mycobacterial instrinsic antibiotic resistance, a new screening method was designed and implemented to identify pairs of compounds that inhibited mycobacteria by synergistic interactions. Mycobacterium bovis BCG(lux) cells were exposed to pairwise compound combinations and assessed for viability. A computer program was created to identify synergistic combination leads from the screen. The synergistic interactions might provide us with a greater understanding of the intrinsic antibtiotic resistance systems in mycobacteria. A sample of the leads from the screen tested further confirmed that 38% of domperidone combinations and 25% of rifampicin combinations were synergistic. The data from the screen has also identified new potential anti-mycobacterial compounds, specifically the avermectins. The avermectins, as a family, have never been reported to demonstrate antibiotic activity, but they have been used to treat people and other mammals for parasitic infections. The antibiotic activity of the avermectins was investigated in this work and found to be specific to mycobacteria. The potential of this compound family as a possible future treatment for tuberculosis therapy warrants further study.
Burden of Chronic Hepatitis B in Alberta, Canada
Creators: name: Kochaksaraei, Golasa Samadi
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hepatitis B
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Incidence
subject: Prevalence
subject: Burden of Disease
subject: Survival
subject: Natural History
subject: Prenatal Transmission
subject: Pregnancy
subject: Women of Childbearng Age
subject: Postpartum
subject: Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate
subject: Linkage to Care
subject: Epidemiology

description: Limited recent data exist on chronic hepatitis B (CHB) burden in the North American general population, especially among women of childbearing age (WoCBA). Despite evidence supporting peripartum tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) prophylaxis in reducing mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), long-term outcomes of untreated and TDF-treated CHB pregnant women are understudied. We aimed to identify the CHB burden in Alberta, Canada, among all ages and WoCBA (18-49 years) and assess clinical outcomes in a multiethnic cohort of CHB patients during pregnancy and postpartum. We retrospectively searched Alberta Analytics administrative databases to describe CHB epidemiology and natural history in all ages and WoCBA between fiscal years 2012-2020. We also examined care linkage among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive pregnant women during the same period. Furthermore, we collected real-world clinical data during pregnancy and postpartum in women with CHB between 2011-2019. From 2015-2020, the CHB incidence declined to 13.4/100,000 (from 36.4/100,000) for all ages and 18.2/100,000 (from 52.6/100,000) for WoCBA. However, prevalence increased to 210.3/100,000 (from 98.9/100,000) for all ages and 248.6/100,000 (from 131.7/100,000) for WoCBA. CHB patients had lower survival rates than age/sex-matched Canadians (standardized mortality ratios of 3.9 and 5.7 for all ages and WoCBA, respectively). Among 1,927 women (2,436 HBsAg-positive pregnancies) between 2012-2020, 27.6% had recommended hepatitis B-directed assessment during pregnancy and 66.4% of those eligible for antiviral prophylaxis received treatment. In 341 women (446 pregnancies) followed for a median of 33 months postpartum, 19% received TDF (64/341, 53/64 for MTCT prevention). In HBeAg-positive patients (65/341), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flares were more common, especially in those who stopped TDF postpartum. HBsAg clearance occurred in 2.6% (9/341, 2/9 TDF treated) at a median of 30 months, and 37% (24/65) of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients had HBeAg loss at a median of 17 months postpartum. In conclusion, CHB incidence decreased in Alberta among all ages and WoCBA. Our study demonstrates frequent ALT flares, particularly after TDF withdrawal, HBeAg clearance in 37%, and HBsAg loss in 2.9% of patients during long-term postpartum follow-up. The lower survival and suboptimal management of CHB during pregnancy emphasize addressing barriers to guideline recommended HBV care in WoCBA.
Modelling the correlation between the thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect and the cosmic infrared background
Creators: name: Addison, Graeme E.
name: Dunkley, Joanna
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the correlation between the thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect (tSZ) from galaxy clusters and dust emission from cosmic infrared background (CIB) sources can be calculated in a halo model framework. Using recent tSZ and CIB models, we find that the size of the tSZ x CIB cross-correlation is approximately 20 per cent at 150 GHz. The contribution to the total angular power spectrum is of order -2 μK^2 at ell=3000, however, this value is uncertain by a factor of two to three, primarily because of CIB source modelling uncertainties. We expect the large uncertainty in this component to degrade upper limits on the kinematic Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect (kSZ), due to similarity in the frequency dependence of the tSZ x CIB and kSZ across the frequency range probed by current Cosmic Microwave Background missions. We also find that the degree of tSZ x CIB correlation is higher for mm x sub-mm spectra than mm x mm, because more of the sub-mm CIB originates at lower redshifts (z<2), where most tSZ clusters are found.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Characterization of incidental lesions and common causes of morbidity and mortality among free-ranging Leporidae in Canada.
Creators: name: Hunter, Summer T.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Wildlife
subject: Pathology
subject: Leporids
subject: Rabbit
subject: Hare
subject: Zoonotic
subject: Disease
subject: Disease surveillance
subject: Urban
subject: Animal Pathology

description: Wildlife disease surveillance is an important tool for the discovery and mitigation of disease outbreaks. Research into wildlife disease often focuses on charismatic megafauna, but many small and common species play a vital role in their ecosystem and have regular contact with humans. Leporids are common throughout Canada, are an important prey species, and frequently interact with humans through lawns, gardens, domestic animals, and harvesting activities. However, little is known about their diseases, risks to humans and overall health, particularly in an urban setting. The objectives of this thesis were to investigate major causes of morbidity and mortality as well as common incidental lesions and pathogens amongst leporids in Canada. I conducted a retrospective analysis of 569 cases of deceased leporids submitted to the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative between 1990 and 2019. Trauma (215/467; 46.0%), specifically vehicle collisions (51/215; 23.7%), was the most common cause of mortality. Moderate to good body condition, male sex, and no incidental findings were associated with an increased odds of trauma related mortality. Incidental lesions were common amongst all categories of mortality. Zoonotic pathogens observed included Francisella tularensis, Pasteurella spp. and Toxoplasma gondii. I also completed autopsies on 140 presumed road-killed urban leporids collected from within Calgary, Alberta, Canada. There were 29 (20.7%) cases of non-trauma related mortalities, which included one case of Tularemia. The majority of non- trauma related mortalities were classified as open diagnosis (21/140; 15%). Incidental lesions were observed in 37.9% of cases and included nephroblastoma (11/140; 6%), Taenia spp. cysts (20/140; 14%), idiopathic splenomegaly (7/140; 5%), and idiopathic interstitial nephritis (11/140; 8%). Again, moderate to good body condition and a lack of incidental lesions or pathogens were associated with an increased odds of trauma related mortality. Overall, this thesis illustrates that Canadian leporids are competent hosts for a variety of zoonotic pathogens but are themselves vulnerable to human related mortality, particularly if they are in apparent good health. The results from this thesis can be used by the public, human health care professionals, veterinarians, and wildlife biologists to make informed decisions on interacting with and conserving free-ranging leporid populations in Canada.
On Gammelgaard's formula for a star product with separation of variables
Creators: name: Karabegov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D55, 81T18

description: We show that Gammelgaard's formula expressing a star product with separation of variables on a pseudo-Kaehler manifold in terms of directed graphs without cycles is equivalent to an inversion formula for an operator on a formal Fock space. We prove this inversion formula directly and thus offer an alternative approach to Gammelgaard's formula which gives more insight into the question why the directed graphs in his formula have no cycles.
description: 29 pages, changes made in the last two sections
Additional file 1: of Association between antibiotic consumption and the rate of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from China based on 153 tertiary hospitals data in 2014
Creators: name: Yang, Ping
name: Chen, Yunbo
name: Jiang, Saiping
name: Shen, Ping
name: Lu, Xiaoyang
name: Xiao, Yonghong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Details of participating hospitals. (PDF 120 kb)
On the information-theoretic structure of distributed measurements
Creators: name: Balduzzi, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The internal structure of a measuring device, which depends on what its components are and how they are organized, determines how it categorizes its inputs. This paper presents a geometric approach to studying the internal structure of measurements performed by distributed systems such as probabilistic cellular automata. It constructs the quale, a family of sections of a suitably defined presheaf, whose elements correspond to the measurements performed by all subsystems of a distributed system. Using the quale we quantify (i) the information generated by a measurement; (ii) the extent to which a measurement is context-dependent; and (iii) whether a measurement is decomposable into independent submeasurements, which turns out to be equivalent to context-dependence. Finally, we show that only indecomposable measurements are more informative than the sum of their submeasurements.
description: In Proceedings DCM 2011, arXiv:1207.6821
Screening and Characterization of Antimicrobial Compounds and Material against Vibrio cholerae
Creators: name: Kim, Haeun (Sara)
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Vibrio cholerae
subject: Antibiotic resistance
subject: Silver nanoparticles
subject: Cellulose aerogel
subject: Pathogen Box
subject: Cholera
subject: Small molecules
subject: Antibiotic
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biology--Molecular

description: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a multisectoral global threat. With an increasing number of critical pathogens acquiring resistance against multiple classes of antibiotics, we face the terror of the post-antibiotic era. Vibrio cholerae, the cholera-causing pathogen, is no exception to the menace of multi-drug resistance. Strains from worldwide outbreaks have shown resistance to all antibiotics used to treat cholera, including ciprofloxacin. With cholera being prevalent in developing countries and regions affected by natural and anthropogenic disasters, an increase in fatalities is a rising concern in these areas with the number of effective antibiotics rapidly decreasing. This thesis explores the alternative approaches to treating cholera and controlling the spread of ABR pathogens in the environment. First, a library of 400 chemical compounds with antimicrobial activities, the Pathogen Box, is screened for compounds that exhibit killing or inhibiting activities against V. cholerae. Two compounds, MMV687807 and MMV675968, demonstrated bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity against the pathogen with high efficacy, respectively. RNA-seq analyses of V. cholerae treated with each compound revealed that their impact on multiple cellular functions, including carbon metabolism and iron homeostasis. Whole genome sequencing of spontaneous resistance mutants uncovered that activation of an efflux system via mutation to their regulator confers resistance to MMV687807. MMV675968 was identified to function similar to trimethoprim, targeting the dihydrofolate reductase of V. cholerae. This compound has the potential to be developed as a trimethoprim replacement with a minimum inhibitory concentration lower by 14-fold. Next, the antibacterial property of a newly synthesized cellulose aerogel cross-linked with different concentrations of silver/lignin nanoparticles (lignin only, 1Ag/L, 2Ag/L, and 3Ag/L) was studied in collaboration with Xiao He. Each aerogel was incubated with Gram-positive or Gram-negative pathogens, and surviving colonies were counted. Increase in killing efficiency was observed with increasing concentration of Ag/L nanoparticles. The cellulose aerogel with 3 Ag/L exhibited exceptional killing across all tested species: E. coli: > 99.99%, P. aeruginosa: > 99.9%, V. cholera: > 99.99%, S. aureus: > 99.99%, B. subtilis: > 97.4%. Through screening small molecules and exploring synthetic material cross-linked with nanoparticles, this thesis demonstrates the significance of developing new tools to inhibit bacterial pathogens and fight the spread of ABR.
Lattice oscillator model, scattering theory and a many-body problem
Creators: name: Valiente, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model for the quantum harmonic oscillator on a discrete lattice which can be written in supersymmetric form, in contrast with the more direct discretization of the harmonic oscillator. Its ground state is easily found to be annihilated by the annihilation operator defined here, and its excitation spectrum is obtained numerically. The versatility of the model is then used to calculate, in a simple way, the generalized position-dependent scattering length for a particle colliding with a single static impurity in a periodic potential and the exact ground state of an interacting many-body problem in a one-dimensional ring.
description: 3 Figures. Version accepted in J. Phys. A
The Concept of “Socially Robust Science” — Reasons for Introducing, Basic Characteritics, and a Method of Measurement
Creators: name: Ivancheva, Ludmila
Publisher: name: Социология науки и технологий
Year: 2018
Subjects: science and society
conceptualization
socially-robust science
indeces
comparative analysis

description: The paper considers the intense dynamics in the role and social functions of modern science. Multiple concepts, models and policy theses are identified, enphasising specific aspects of this process, however, it was found out that they do not articulate and explane well the whole range of transformations in the exo-systemic social context of science during the formation of knowledge societies. By that reason a new conceptual framework based on the so-called “Socially-Robust Science” is introduced, which reflects the encreased role of science for the social and economic development, considering in the same time the reverse impact of society on the research sector. Some fundamental principles of partnership between science and society are presented, as well as the fundamental objectives of science in a knowledge-based society, related to its social context (labeled as “Target Package 7s”). A corresponding metric is suggested — Index of Social Robustness of Science (ISRS), based on reliable, easily accessible and annually updated data. It enables the establishement of ratings and the making of longitudinal comparative international analyses concerning social relevance, degree of social impact of the national research systems and intensity of their collaboration with the public.
Khorata rongshuiensis YAO & LI, 2010, sp. nov.
Creators: name: YAO, ZHIYUAN
name: LI, SHUQIANG
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Khorata
Khorata rongshuiensis

description: Khorata rongshuiensis sp. nov. Figs 49–50, 61 Type material: Holotype: female (IZCAS), Taoyuan Cave [25°03.475ʹN, 109°13.479ʹE, alt. 131 m], Rongshui County, Guilin, Guangxi, China, 23 July 2009, Z.Y. Yao and C.X. Wang leg. Paratype: 1 female (IZCAS), same data as holotype. Etymology: The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective. Diagnosis: This species resembles K. khammouan Huber, 2005 in having similar protrusions of female genital area in ventral view (Figs 49A, 50A), but can be distinguished by the nearly triangular pore plates of epigynum (Figs 49B, 50B). This species can be distinguished from K. jaegeri Huber, 2005 by the black margins and the black median stripe behind ocular area (Fig. 49C), the darker rings on femora and tibiae, and the large black spots on opisthosoma (Figs 49C–D). This species can be distinguished from K. schwendingeri Huber, 2005 by the black margins and the black median stripe behind ocular area (Fig. 49C) and the large black spots on opisthosoma (Fig. 49C). Description: Female (holotype): Total length 2.35 (2.49 with clypeus), prosoma 0.79 long, 0.94 wide, opisthosoma 1.56 long, 1.23 wide. Leg I: 19.99 (4.75 + 0.44 + 5.05 + 7.24 + 2.51), leg II: 13.02 (3.50 + 0.43 + 3.17 + 4.49 + 1.43), leg III: 9.76 (2.81 + 0.35 + 2.35 + 3.26 + 0.99), leg IV: 12.44 (3.68 + 0.36 + 2.97 + 4.43 + 1.00); tibia I L/d: 47. Habitus as in Figs 49C–D. Dorsal shield of prosoma yellowish, with black margins and black median stripe behind ocular area; sternum black. Legs yellowish, with slightly darker rings on femora (subdistally) and tibiae (proximally and subdistally). Opisthosoma grey with large black spots dorsally and ventrally. Ocular area slightly elevated and separated from prosoma, thoracic furrow shallow but distinct; distance PME-PME 0.09; diameter PME 0.12; distance PME-ALE 0.02; AME absent. Sternum slightly wider than long (0.60/0.54). Retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia I at 15%; legs with short vertical hairs on all metatarsi (mostly dorsally and laterally), without spines and curved hairs; tarsus I with more than 40 pseudosegments, only about 17 distinct ones distally. Genital area brown (Figs 49A, 50A), with internal structures nearly invisible through cuticle, with two large protrusions, without distinct pockets. Dorsal view of epigynum (Figs 49B, 50B) with two nearly triangular pore plates. Variation: Tibia I in another female: 5.45. Distribution: The species is known only from the type locality (Fig. 61).
description: Published as part of YAO, ZHIYUAN & LI, SHUQIANG, 2010, Pholcid spiders of the genus Khorata Huber, 2005 (Araneae: Pholcidae) from Guangxi, China, pp. 1-79 in Zootaxa 2594 (1) on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2594.1.1
The torquing of circumnuclear accretion disks by stars and the evolution of massive black holes
Creators: name: Bregman, Michal
name: Alexander, Tal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accreting massive black hole (MBH) in a galactic nucleus is surrounded by a dense stellar cluster. We analyze and simulate numerically the evolution of a thin accretion disk due to its internal viscous torques, due to the frame-dragging torques of a spinning MBH (the Bardeen-Petterson effect) and due to the orbit-averaged gravitational torques by the stars (Resonant Relaxation). We show that the evolution of the MBH mass accretion rate, the MBH spin growth rate, and the covering fraction of the disk relative to the central ionizing continuum source, are all strongly coupled to the stochastic fluctuations of the stellar potential via the warps that the stellar torques excite in the disk. These lead to fluctuations by factors of up to a few in these quantities over a wide range of timescales, with most of the power on timescales >~(M_bh/M_d)P(R_d), where M_bh and M_d are the masses of the MBH and disk, and P is the orbital period at the disk's mass-weighted mean radius R_d. The response of the disk is stronger the lighter it is and the more centrally concentrated the stellar cusp. As proof of concept, we simulate the evolution of the low-mass maser disk in NGC4258, and show that its observed O(10 deg) warp can be driven by the stellar torques. We also show that the frame-dragging of a massive AGN disk couples the stochastic stellar torques to the MBH spin and can excite a jitter of a few degrees in its direction relative to that of the disk's outer regions.
description: ApJ, in press. Updated to reflect published version, including high order viscosity terms, improved variability analysis
Additional file 1 of Associations of free sugars from solid and liquid sources with cardiovascular disease: a retrospective cohort analysis
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Kaberi
name: Mussa, Joseph
name: Brazeau, Anne-Sophie
name: Dahhou, Mourad
name: Sanmartin, Claudia
name: Ross, Nancy A.
name: Rahme, Elham
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Adjusted associations with baseline characteristics other than free sugars with CVD.
An exactly size consistent geminal power via Jastrow factor networks in a local one particle basis
Creators: name: Neuscamman, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate but expensive product of geminals ansatz may be approximated by a geminal power, but this approach sacrifices size consistency. Here we show both analytically and numerically that a size consistent form very similar to the product of geminals can be recovered using a network of location specific Jastrow factors. Upon variational energy minimization, the network creates particle number projections that remove the charge fluctuations responsible for size inconsistency. This polynomial cost approach captures strong many-electron correlations, giving a maximum error of just 1.8 kcal/mol during the double-bond dissociation of H2O in an STO-3G atomic orbital basis.
description: Updated the original arXiv submission to include improvements resulting from journal peer review. 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
FCGBP Maintains MUC2 Mucus Structural Integrity By Stabilizing The Mucus Layer In Innate Host Defense In The Colon
Creators: name: Gorman, Hayley
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mucus
subject: E. histolytica
subject: mucosal immunity
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The gastrointestinal tract is lined with a mucus layer that protects against ingested toxins and pathogens from contacting the underlying epithelium. In the colon, the major protein that forms the mucus layer is MUC2, a glycoprotein that creates a protective gel and provides a food source for resident microbiota. Mucus also contain other proteins, including IgG Fc gamma binding protein (FCGBP) that is heavily N-linked glycosylated with no known function. Based on this knowledge gap, FCGBP was studied to explore its role in host defense and epithelial barrier function. Basally, FCGBP was co-ordinately expressed with MUC2 mucin in human goblet-cell like LS174T cells. Both FCGBP and MUC2 were coordinately biosynthesized, packaged, and stored in mucin granules. Secreted mucus contained both MUC2 and FCGBP and the proteins interacted through non-covalent interactions. Wound healing assays revealed that MUC2 and FCGBP were strongly expressed and co-localized at the wound margin, but this pattern was lost in the absence of MUC2. FCGBP expression was decreased in a mouse model of colonic inflammation, suggesting a role for FCGBP in wound healing. LS174T cells with a missense mutation in FCGBP had an altered mucus and cell glycomics profile from WT cells that correlated with increased intracellular stress and tumorgenicity. Even though FCGBP-Mut cells had higher expression and secretion of MUC2, the mucus was more penetrable to microbeads and susceptible to Salmonella enterica infection with increased adhesion, invasion, and cell death as compared to WT cells. In addition to bacterial invasion, the mucus degrading colonic parasite, Entamoeba histolytica (Eh) was also examined to elucidate how FCGBP-MUC2 mucin protein complex was altered and/or degraded. In response to Eh, both MUC2 and FCGBP expression in WT cells were markedly upregulated and degraded by Eh secreted proteinases. The degradation of FCGBP preceded MUC2 cleavage at the C-terminus. FCGBP-Mut cells constitutively secreted mucus was more adherent to Eh associated with high cell death as compared to WT. These results demonstrate that FCGBP is coordinately regulated and expressed with MUC2 mucin to form a protein complex that constitute the structural building blocks of colonic mucus. Alterations in FCGBP by a single missense mutation rendered the mucus layer more penetrable to pathogens associated with cell death, highlighting the importance of FCGBP together with MUC2 to form the protective mucus layer.
Experimental verification of PbBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$ as a 3D topological insulator
Creators: name: Kuroda, K.
name: Miyahara, H.
name: Ye, M.
name: Eremeev, S. V.
name: Koroteev, Yu. M.
name: Krasovskii, E. E.
name: Chulkov, E. V.
name: Hiramoto, S.
name: Moriyoshi, C.
name: Kuroiwa, Y.
name: Miyamoto, K.
name: Okuda, T.
name: Arita, M.
name: Shimada, K.
name: Namatame, H.
name: Taniguchi, M.
name: Ueda, Y.
name: Kimura, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first experimental evidence is presented of the topological insulator state in PbBi$_{2}$Te$_{4}$. A single surface Dirac cone is observed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) with synchrotron radiation. Topological invariants $\mathbb{Z}_2$ are calculated from the {\it ab initio} band structure to be 1; (111). The observed two-dimensional iso-energy contours in the bulk energy gap are found to be the largest among the known three-dimensional topological insulators. This opens a pathway to achieving a sufficiently large spin current density in future spintronic devices.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Laser-induced electron emission from arrays of carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Yaghoobi, Parham
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Recently there has been growing interest in the interaction of light and nanomaterials, especially carbon nanotubes. Although there exist a large number of studies on the physical and chemical properties of nanotubes with various spectroscopic techniques, only a limited number of works have looked at this interaction for electron source applications. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates light-induced electron emission from arrays of nanotubes with a broad range of wavelengths and light intensities. I demonstrate that arrays of nanotubes have a quantum efficiency of > 10-⁵ in the photoelectric regime, which is comparable to that of metal photocathodes such as copper. Nanotubes are also expected to have better operational lifetime than metals because of their complete chemical structure. I also demonstrate that, based on an effect called "Heat Trap", a spot on the surface of a nanotube array can be heated to above 2,000 K using a low-power beam of light with a broad range of wavelengths from ultraviolet to infrared. Light-induced heating of a typical bulk conductor to electron emission temperatures requires high-power lasers. This is because of the efficient dissipation of heat generated at the illuminated spot to the surroundings, since electrical conductors are also typically excellent thermal conductors. I show that the situation can be drastically different in an array of nanotubes. This behaviour has far-reaching implications for electron sources. For example, the fabrication cost of light-induced electron sources can be signicantly reduced since the nanotube-based cathode can be heated to thermionic emission temperatures with inexpensive, low-power, battery-operated handheld lasers as apposed to high-power or pulsed laser sources, which are currently required for metal cathodes. Arrays of nanotubes can also be shape engineered because of their sparse nature. I have demonstrated that the emission current density can be increased by a factor of 4 by densifying the array with a liquid-induced shrinkage that works by pulling the nanotubes closer together. The Implications of the findings reported in this thesis go beyond conventional electronbeam technologies. For instance, they could lead to novel devices such as thermionic solar cells, solar displays and new types of optical modulators and thermoelectrics.
Safe Transportation of Blended Hydrogen through Pipeline
Creators: name: Cristello, Josmar Baruffaldi
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Blended Hydrogen Transportation
subject: Leak Detection System
subject: Real-Time Transient Model (RTTM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI)
subject: Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
subject: Hydrogen Economy
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Applied Mechanics

description: Pipelines are a crucial part of Canada's infrastructure, providing a cost-effective and safe way to transport oil and gas. As the world moves towards a potential hydrogen economy, pipelines will also play a significant role in transporting hydrogen. Rather than building new pipelines, which can be costly in terms of materials, permits, excavation, and labor, this study explores the viability of using existing pipelines for transporting blended hydrogen with natural gas. This is done through two primary aspects, the feasibility of transporting blended hydrogen with existing pipelines and developing a leak detection system for this blended gas. The feasibility of blended hydrogen transportation is assessed through a steady-state gas hydraulic model, analyzing key operational metrics such as pressure, flow rate, and energy delivery. A virtual pipeline serves as a case study to evaluate the impact of transitioning from pure natural gas to blended hydrogen. It also delves into the trade-offs involved in selecting an optimal blend ratio. Given the scarcity of leak data for hydrogen-natural gas pipelines, the study introduces a Real-Time Transient Model (RTTM). The model simulates the behaviour of mixed gas through a combination of Equations of State and thermodynamic databases and is built upon the continuity and momentum equations. This model simulates the leak dynamics of blended hydrogen gases, filling a critical data gap. Moreover, a leak detection system (LDS) is developed using a fusion of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Explainable artificial intelligence (AI) through Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems (ANFIS). This innovative LDS framework overcomes the “black box” issue common in AI-driven systems, enabling reliable detection and localization of leaks. The fusion of Explainable Machine Learning models and traditional AI techniques holds promising implications for blended hydrogen pipelines and other fluid transportation systems. This study contributes to the ongoing efforts to enhance the safety and efficiency of hydrogen transportation, thereby mitigating economic and environmental impacts and addressing public concerns.
A Constructivist Grounded Theory of Cross-Sector Partnership Leadership Involving Canadian Postsecondary Education
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Jason
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cross-sector partnerships
subject: interorganizational collaboration
subject: educational leadership
subject: complex adaptive systems
subject: constructivist grounded theory
subject: Education--Administration

description: Despite ongoing research into educational leadership and innovation, the theoretical grounds for describing and interpreting actor experiences and change dynamics in education cross-sector partnerships (XSPs) are limited. The purpose of this study was to understand how leaders in a large Canadian education XSP network generated and exchanged knowledge to realize their shared objectives. This trisector network involved post-secondary education, industry, and nonprofit partners, and was formed to address Canada’s talent gaps and lagging innovation performance by recruiting and training postsecondary students and recent graduates to work in startup companies. A constructivist grounded theory methodology was employed and a sample of 40 participants was recruited. Interpretation of interview, survey, observation, and textual data was aided using computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software, a recursive analysis method, and constant comparison. The resulting grounded theory framework indicates that as a partnership deepens from simple operational transactions to more complex adaptive work, greater capacity for emergence is generated. Micro and meso leadership dynamics across the XSP network’s operational-enabling-entrepreneurial capabilities were found to be entangled. Leaders realized their shared objectives through both organized mechanical structures and more flexible opportunities for experimentation. This theory has implications for education XSP leader training that stress the importance of healthy leadership and organizational learning conditions in relational space. A contribution is made to broader educational leadership literature by emphasizing the need for greater use of complex adaptive perspectives in education XSPs. A connection is established between the limitations of complex adaptive perspectives and their overuse in bureaucratic settings.
CAT(0) spaces with boundary the join of two Cantor sets
Creators: name: Chao, Khek Lun Harold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F67

description: We will show that if a proper complete CAT(0) space X has a visual boundary homeomorphic to the join of two Cantor sets, and X admits a geometric group action by a group containing a subgroup isomorphic to Z^2, then its Tits boundary is the spherical join of two uncountable discrete sets. If X is geodesically complete, then X is a product, and the group has a finite index subgroup isomorphic to a lattice in the product of two isometry groups of bounded valence bushy trees.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures; v4: added a missing assumption in the main results
Additional file 1 of Meta-analysis of Osteopontin splice variants in cancer
Creators: name: An, Yu
name: Fnu, Gulimirerouzi
name: Xie, Changchun
name: Weber, Georg F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:
Near-threshold $K^- d$ scattering and properties of kaonic deuterium
Creators: name: Shevchenko, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the $1s$ level shifts and widths of kaonic deuterium, corresponding to accurate results on near-threshold antikaon - deuteron scattering. The Lippmann-Schwinger eigenvalue equation with a strong $K^- - d$ and Coulomb potentials was solved. The two-body $K^- - d$ potentials reproduce the near-threshold elastic amplitudes of $K^- d$ scattering obtained from the three-body Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas equations with the coupled channels using four versions of the $\bar{K}N - πΣ$ potentials. Both new $\bar{K}N - πΣ$ potentials reproducing the very recent SIDDHARTA data on kaonic hydrogen and our older potentials reproducing KEK data have one- or two-pole versions of the $Λ(1405)$ resonance and reproduce experimental data on $K^- p$ scattering.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables; changed in accordance with the wishes of referees; the results are unchanged
The IUPAC Gold Book: A Compendium of Chemical Terminology
Creators: name: Chalk, Stuart
name: McEwen, Leah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the "Gold Book") is an aggregation of the formally defined terms in the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry's Recommendations published in the journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry.  The talk highlights the status of the Gold Book and the current major update, machine access to the definitions via an API, and the inclusion of these terms in domain ontologies.
The High Time Resolution Universe Survey - V: Single-pulse energetics and modulation properties of 315 pulsars
Creators: name: Burke-Spolaor, S.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Bailes, M.
name: Bates, S. D.
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Champion, D. J.
name: D'Amico, N.
name: Keith, M. J.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Levin, L.
name: Possenti, S. Milia A.
name: Stappers, B.
name: van Straten, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the pulse-to-pulse energy distributions and phase-resolved modulation properties for catalogued pulsars in the southern High Time Resolution Universe intermediate-latitude survey. We selected the 315 pulsars detected in a single-pulse search of this survey, allowing a large sample unbiased regarding any rotational parameters of neutron stars. We found that the energy distribution of many pulsars is well-described by a log-normal distribution, with few deviating from a small range in log-normal scale and location parameters. Some pulsars exhibited multiple energy states corresponding to mode changes, and implying that some observed "nulling" may actually be a mode-change effect. PSRJ1900-2600 was found to emit weakly in its previously-identified "null" state. We found evidence for another state-change effect in two pulsars, which show bimodality in their nulling time scales; that is, they switch between a continuous-emission state and a single-pulse-emitting state. Large modulation occurs in many pulsars across the full integrated profile, with increased sporadic bursts at leading and trailing sub-beam edges. Some of these high-energy outbursts may indicate the presence of "giant pulse" phenomena. We found no correlation with modulation and pulsar period, age, or other parameters. Finally, the deviation of integrated pulse energy from its average value was generally quite small, despite the significant phase-resolved modulation in some pulsars; we interpret this as tenuous evidence of energy regulation between distinct pulsar sub-beams.
description: Before full MNRAS publication, supplementary material is available temporarily at http://dl.dropbox.com/u/22076931/supplementary_material.pdf
The British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program reduces short-term household food insecurity among adults with low incomes: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial.
Creators: name: Aktary, Michelle L
name: Dunn, Sharlette
name: Sajobi, Tolulope
name: O'Hara, Heather
name: Leblanc, Peter
name: McCormack, Gavin R
name: Caron-Roy, Stephanie
name: Lee, Yun Yun
name: Reimer, Raylene A
name: Minaker, Leia M
name: Raine, Kim D
name: Godley, Jenny
name: Downs, Shauna
name: Nykiforuk, Candace I J
name: Olstad, Dana Lee
Publisher: name: ELSEVIER
Year: 2023
Subjects: healthy food subsidy
household food insecurity
low-income
psychosocial well-being
randomized controlled trial

description: The British Columbia Farmers' Market Nutrition Coupon Program (BC FMNCP) provides households with low incomes with coupons to purchase healthy foods from farmers' markets.
description: To examine the impact of the BC FMNCP on the short-term household food insecurity, malnutrition risk, mental well-being, sense of community (secondary outcomes), and subjective social status (exploratory outcome) of adults with low incomes post-intervention and 16 weeks post-intervention.
description: Secondary analyses from a pragmatic randomized controlled trial conducted in 2019 that collected data at baseline, post-intervention, and 16 weeks post-intervention.
description: Adults ≥18 years with low incomes were randomized to a FMNCP group (n=143) or a no-intervention control group (n=142).
description: Participants in the FMNCP group received 16 coupon sheets valued at $21 Canadian dollars (CAD)/sheet over 10-15 weeks to purchase healthy foods from farmers' markets and were eligible to participate in nutrition skill-building activities.
description: Outcomes included short-term household food insecurity (modified version of Health Canada's 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module), malnutrition risk (Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool), mental well-being (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale), sense of community (Brief Sense of Community Scale), and subjective social status (MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status community scale).