cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
“Testing for malaria does not cure any pain” A qualitative study exploring low use of malaria rapid diagnostic tests at drug shops in rural Uganda
Creators: name: Kiitha, Joackim
name: Boyce, Ross M.
name: Barrington, Clare
name: Masereka, Amos
name: Baguma, Emmanuel
name: Nyangoma, Grace
name: Emch, Michael
name: Maman, Suzanne
name: Mulogo, Edgar M.
name: Masika, Bonita
name: Muhindo, Rabbison
name: Shelus, Victoria
name: Harrington Jr., James E.
name: Mumbere, Nobert
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2022

description: The World Health Organization recommends all suspected malaria cases be confirmed with a parasitological test, typically a rapid diagnostic test (RDT), prior to treatment. Despite recommendations, many fevers presenting at private drug shops are treated presumptively as malaria without diagnostic testing. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe community perceptions of RDTs and explore ways to improve malaria case management at drug shops in Bugoye, western Uganda. A total of 63 in-depth interviews were conducted between September and December 2021 with 24 drug shop clients, 19 drug shop vendors, 12 community health workers, and 8 health and community officials. Data was analyzed using thematic content analysis and narrative techniques. While drug shop clients valued RDTs, the cost of the test limited their use. Further, mistrust in negative results and fear about treatment options for conditions other than malaria led to nonadherence to negative RDTs. Improvement with antimalarials after a negative RDT, or no RDT at all, was seen as proof an individual had malaria, reinforcing the acceptability of liberal antimalarial use. Drug shop vendors were knowledgeable about malaria case management but financially conflicted between recommending best practices and losing business. While clients viewed drug shop vendors as trusted health professionals, health officials distrusted them as business owners focused on maximizing profits. Study results suggest public-private partnerships that recognize the essential role of drug shops, better incorporate them into the healthcare system, and leverage the high levels of community trust in vendors, could provide greater opportunities for oversight and training to improve private-sector malaria case management. Interventions that address financial barriers to RDT use, emphasize the financial benefits of malaria testing, increase vendor knowledge about illnesses confused with malaria, and improve the quality of vendor-client counseling could increase RDT uptake and improve adherence to RDT results.
The detectability of eccentric compact binary coalescences with advanced gravitational-wave detectors
Creators: name: Coughlin, Michael
name: Meyers, Patrick
name: Thrane, Eric
name: Luo, Jialun
name: Christensen, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact binary coalescences are a promising source of gravitational waves for second-generation interferometric gravitational-wave detectors such as advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo. While most binaries are expected to possess circular orbits, some may be eccentric, for example, if they are formed through dynamical capture. Eccentric orbits can create difficulty for matched filtering searches due to the challenges of creating effective template banks to detect these signals. In previous work, we showed how seedless clustering can be used to detect low-mass ($M_\text{total}\leq10M_\odot$) compact binary coalescences for both spinning and eccentric systems, assuming a circular post-Newtonian expansion. Here, we describe a parameterization that is designed to maximize sensitivity to low-eccentricity ($0\leqε\leq0.6$) systems, derived from the analytic equations. We show that this parameterization provides a robust and computationally efficient method for detecting eccentric low-mass compact binaries. Based on these results, we conclude that advanced detectors will have a chance of detecting eccentric binaries if optimistic models prove true. However, a null observation is unlikely to firmly rule out models of eccentric binary populations.
A C57BL/6 Mouse Model of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Recapitulates Age- and Sex-Based Differences in Human COVID-19 Disease and Recovery
Creators: name: Akilesh, Shreeram
name: Nickel, Katie
name: Smith, Kelly D.
name: Leist, Sarah R.
name: Knoll, Megan
name: Ladiges, Warren
name: Voss, Kathleen
name: Gale Jr., Michael
name: Gustin, Andrew T.
name: Turnbull, J. Bryan
name: Hsiang, Tien-Ying
name: Dinnon III, Kenneth H.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Muruato, Antonio
name: Davis, Michael A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection and recovery using wild type C57BL/6 mice and a mouse-adapted virus, and we demonstrate that this is an ideal model of infection and recovery that phenocopies acute human disease arising from the ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Disease severity and infection kinetics are age- and sex-dependent, as has been reported for humans, with older mice and males in particular exhibiting decreased viral clearance and increased mortality. We identified key parallels with human pathology, including intense virus positivity in bronchial epithelial cells, wide-spread alveolar involvement, recruitment of immune cells to the infected lungs, and acute bronchial epithelial cell death. Moreover, older animals experienced increased virus persistence, delayed dispersal of immune cells into lung parenchyma, and morphologic evidence of tissue damage and inflammation. Parallel analysis of SCID mice revealed that the adaptive immune response was not required for recovery from COVID disease symptoms nor early phase clearance of virus but was required for efficient clearance of virus at later stages of infection. Finally, transcriptional analyses indicated that induction and duration of key innate immune gene programs may explain differences in age-dependent disease severity. Importantly, these data demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2-mediated disease in C57BL/6 mice phenocopies human disease across ages and establishes a platform for future therapeutic and genetic screens for not just SARS-CoV-2 but also novel coronaviruses that have yet to emerge.
Observation of strontium segregation in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 and NdGaO3/SrTiO3 oxide heterostructures by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Treske, Uwe
name: Heming, Nadine
name: Knupfer, Martin
name: Büchner, Bernd
name: Koitzsch, Andreas
name: Di Gennaro, Emiliano
name: Scotti Di Uccio, Umberto
name: Miletto Granozio, Fabio
name: Krause, Stefan
Publisher: name: New York : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Single crystals
subject: Surface photoemission
subject: Photons
subject: Thin film growth
subject: Pulsed laser deposition
subject: Photoemission
subject: Surface segregation
subject: Heterojunctions
subject: Electrostatics
subject: Strontium
subject: 620

description: LaAlO3 and NdGaO3 thin films of different thicknesses have been grown by pulsed laser deposition on TiO2-terminated SrTiO3 single crystals and investigated by soft X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The surface sensitivity of the measurements has been tuned by varying photon energy hν and emission angle Θ. In contrast to the core levels of the other elements, the Sr 3d line shows an unexpected splitting for higher surface sensitivity, signaling the presence of a second strontium component. From our quantitative analysis we conclude that during the growth process Sr atoms diffuse away from the substrate and segregate at the surface of the heterostructure, possibly forming strontium oxide
LemonLDAP::NG -- A Full AAA Free Open Source WebSSO Solution
Creators: name: Maudoux, Christophe
name: Boumerdassi, Selma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, security is becoming a major issue and concern. More and more organizations like hospitals, metropolis or banks are under cyberattacks and have to improve their network infrastructure security. The first prerequisites are to authenticate users, to provide identity and to grant just the needed and useful accesses. These requirements can be solved by implementing a Single Sign-On (SSO) solution. It is an authentication scheme that permits a user to log in with a single identity to any of several related, yet independent, systems. It allows users to log in once and to access services without authenticating again. SSO solutions are classified depending on Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting features. The 'AAA' acronym defines a framework for intelligently controlling access to resources, enforcing security policies, auditing usage, and providing the information necessary to bill for services. These combined processes are considered important for effective network management and cybersecurity. LemonLDAP::NG (LL::NG) is a full AAA WebSSO solution. It implements all standard authentication and identity federation (IdF) protocols. The main LL::NG's advantages compared to other products are its plug-in engine and its advanced handlerbased protection mechanism that can be employed to protect Server2Server exchanges or to offer the SSO as a Service, a solution to implement a full DevOps architecture. LL::NG is a community and professional project mainly employed by the French government to secure Police, Finance or Justice Ministries and a French mobile operator IT infrastructures since 2010. But for several years, contributions come from all around the world and LL::NG is becoming more and more popular.
Extreme sea level implications of 1.5 °c, 2.0 °c, and 2.5 °c temperature stabilization targets in the 21st and 22nd centuries
Creators: name: Rasmussen, D.J.
name: Bittermann, Klaus
name: Buchanan, Maya K.
name: Kulp, Scott
name: Strauss, Benjamin H.
name: Kopp, Robert E.
name: Oppenheimer, Michael
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Climate change impacts
subject: coastal flooding
subject: extreme sea levels
subject: IPCC
subject: paris agreement
subject: sea level rise
subject: 500

description: Sea-level rise (SLR) is magnifying the frequency and severity of extreme sea levels (ESLs) that can cause coastal flooding. The rate and amount of global mean sea-level (GMSL) rise is a function of the trajectory of global mean surface temperature (GMST). Therefore, temperature stabilization targets (e.g. 1.5 °C and 2.0 °C of warming above pre-industrial levels, as from the Paris Agreement) have important implications for coastal flood risk. Here, we assess, in a global network of tide gauges, the differences in the expected frequencies of ESLs between scenarios that stabilize GMST warming at 1.5 °C, 2.0 °C, and 2.5 °C above pre-industrial levels. We employ probabilistic, localized SLR projections and long-term hourly tide gauge records to estimate the expected frequencies of historical and future ESLs for the 21st and 22nd centuries. By 2100, under 1.5 °C, 2.0 °C, and 2.5 °C GMST stabilization, the median GMSL is projected to rise 48 cm (90% probability of 28–82 cm), 56 cm (28–96 cm), and 58 cm (37–93 cm), respectively. As an independent comparison, a semi-empirical sea level model calibrated to temperature and GMSL over the past two millennia estimates median GMSL rise within 7–8 cm of these projections. By 2150, relative to the 2.0 °C scenario and based on median sea level projections, GMST stabilization of 1.5 °C spares the inundation of lands currently home to about 5 million people, including 60 000 individuals currently residing in Small Island Developing States. We quantify projected changes to the expected frequency of historical 10-, 100-, and 500-year ESL events using frequency amplification factors that incorporate uncertainty in both local SLR and historical return periods of ESLs. By 2150, relative to a 2.0 °C scenario, the reduction in the frequency amplification of the historical 100 year ESL event arising from a 1.5 °C GMST stabilization is greatest in the eastern United States, with ESL event frequency amplification being reduced by about half at most tide gauges. In general, smaller reductions are projected for Small Island Developing States.
Multiplicity fluctuations at the quark-hadron phase transition from a fluid dynamical model
Creators: name: Herold, Christoph
name: Nahrgang, Marlene
name: Yan, Yupeng
name: Kobdaj, Chinorat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The region of large net-baryon densities in the QCD phase diagram is expected to exhibit a first-order phase transition. Experimentally, its study will be one of the primaryobjectives for the upcoming FAIR accelerator. We model the transition between quarks and hadrons in a heavy-ion collision using a fluid which is coupled to the explicit dynamics of the chiral order parameter and a dilaton field. This allows us to investigate signals stemming from the nonequilibrium evolution during the expansion of the hot plasma. Special emphasis is put on an event-by-event analysis of baryon number fluctuations which have long since been claimed to be sensitive to a critical point.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, proceedings for Fairness 2014
Additional file 2 of Childhood maltreatment and health in the UK Biobank: triangulation of outcome-wide and polygenic risk score analyses
Creators: name: Espinosa Dice, Ana Lucia
name: Lawn, Rebecca B.
name: Ratanatharathorn, Andrew
name: Roberts, Andrea L.
name: Denckla, Christy A.
name: Kim, Ariel H.
name: de la Rosa, Pedro A.
name: Zhu, Yiwen
name: VanderWeele, Tyler J.
name: Koenen, Karestan C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Supplemental figures. Figure S1. Childhood Maltreatment Set-Intersections Plot. Figure S2. Results Triangulation Across Sex-Stratified Outcome-Wide Analyses. Figure S3. Genetic Outcome-Wide Analysis Results by Theme. Figure S4. Results Concordance Across Observational and Genetic Outcome-Wide Analyses.
Additional file 1 of Suicide warning signs that are challenging to recognize: a psychological autopsy study of Korean adolescents
Creators: name: Lee, Yeon Jung
name: Kweon, Yong-Sil
name: Kang, Yun Hyong
name: Yoon, Kyung Hee
name: Lee, Mi-Sun
name: Bhang, Soo-Young
name: Hong, Hyun Ju
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of Exploring the potential effects of forest urbanization on the interplay between small mammal communities and their gut microbiota
Creators: name: Bouilloud, Marie
name: Galan, Maxime
name: Pradel, Julien
name: Loiseau, Anne
name: Ferrero, Julien
name: Gallet, Romain
name: Roche, Benjamin
name: Charbonnel, Nathalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1. Fig. S1. Spatial information about the sampling sites.
Recent Advances in the Application of the Shell Model Monte Carlo Approach to Nuclei
Creators: name: Alhassid, Y.
name: Bonett-Matiz, M.
name: Mukherjee, A.
name: Nakada, H.
name: Özen, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shell model Monte Carlo (SMMC) method is a powerful technique for calculating the statistical and collective properties of nuclei in the presence of correlations in model spaces that are many orders of magnitude larger than those that can be treated by conventional diagonalization methods. We review recent advances in the development and application of SMMC to mid-mass and heavy nuclei.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of the Eleventh International Spring Seminar on Nuclear Physics
Analysis the neutral triplet collective mode in honeycomb lattice: without one-cone approximation
Creators: name: Ebrahimkhas, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this research has been studied the possibility of existence the neutral triplet collective mode in undoped graphene and graphite without one-cone approximation. This work tries to study this collective mode from different points of view. It also studies the effects of on-site Hubbard interaction on neutral collective mode in honeycomb lattice via two representations (sub-lattice and eigenvector). The effective long rang interaction in honeycomb lattice has been introduced for studying the spin collective mode. This work shows that short and effective long range interactions are not responsible for the formation of neutral triplet collective mode in graphene without {\it one-cone} approximation.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Non-exponential Fidelity Decay in Randomized Benchmarking with Low-Frequency Noise
Creators: name: Fogarty, M. A.
name: Veldhorst, M.
name: Harper, R.
name: Yang, C. H.
name: Bartlett, S. D.
name: Flammia, S. T.
name: Dzurak, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that non-exponential fidelity decays in randomized benchmarking experiments on quantum dot qubits are consistent with numerical simulations that incorporate low-frequency noise. By expanding standard randomized benchmarking analysis to this experimental regime, we find that such non-exponential decays are better modeled by multiple exponential decay rates, leading to an instantaneous control fidelity for isotopically-purified-silicon MOS quantum dot qubits which can be as high as 99.9% when low-frequency noise conditions and system calibrations are favorable. These advances in qubit characterization and validation methods underpin the considerable prospects for silicon as a qubit platform for fault-tolerant quantum computation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
A guide for concurrent TMS-fMRI to investigate functional brain networks
Creators: name: Inglis, Ben
name: D'Esposito, Mark
name: Scimeca, Jason M.
name: Riddle, Justin
name: Muse-Fisher, Chris
name: Sheltraw, Daniel
name: Pagnotta, Mattia F.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) allows for the direct activation of neurons in the human neocortex and has proven to be fundamental for causal hypothesis testing in cognitive neuroscience. By administering TMS concurrently with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), the effect of cortical TMS on activity in distant cortical and subcortical structures can be quantified by varying the levels of TMS output intensity. However, TMS generates significant fluctuations in the fMRI time series, and their complex interaction warrants caution before interpreting findings. We present the methodological challenges of concurrent TMS-fMRI and a guide to minimize induced artifacts in experimental design and post-processing. Our study targeted two frontal-striatal circuits: primary motor cortex (M1) projections to the putamen and lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) projections to the caudate in healthy human participants. We found that TMS parametrically increased the BOLD signal in the targeted region and subcortical projections as a function of stimulation intensity. Together, this work provides practical steps to overcome common challenges with concurrent TMS-fMRI and demonstrates how TMS-fMRI can be used to investigate functional brain networks.
Long-lasting biofouling formation on transparent fouling-release coatings for the construction of efficient closed photobioreactors
Creators: name: Soriano-Jerez, Yolanda
name: García-Abad, Lucía
name: del Carmen Cerón-García, María
name: Gallardo-Rodríguez, Juan José
name: Bressy, Christine
name: García-Camacho, Francisco
name: Molina-Grima, Emilio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In order to build an efficient closed-photobioreactor (PBR) in which biofouling formation is avoided, a non-toxic coating with high transparency is required, which can be applied to the interior surface of the PBR walls. Nowadays, amphiphilic copolymers are being used to inhibit microorganism adhesion, so poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based coatings mixed with poly(ethylene glycol)-based copolymers could be a good option. The 7 poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based coatings tested in this work contained 4% w/w of poly(ethylene glycol)-based copolymers. All were a good alternative to glass because they presented lower cell adhesion. However, the DBE-311 copolymer proved the best option due to its very low cell adhesion and high transmittance. Furthermore, XDLVO theory indicates that these coatings should have no cell adhesion at time 0 since they create a very high-energy barrier that microalgae cells cannot overcome. Nevertheless, this theory also shows that their surface properties change over time, making cell adhesion possible on all coatings after 8 months of immersion. The theory is useful in explaining the interaction forces between the surface and microalgae cells at any moment in time, but it should be complemented with models to predict the conditioning film formation and the contribution of the PBR’s fluid dynamics over time.
Reflective Optical Limiter Based on Resonant Transmission
Creators: name: Makri, Eleana
name: Kottos, Tsampikos
name: Vitebskiy, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical limiters transmit low-level radiation while blocking electromagnetic pulses with excessively high energy (energy limiters) or with excessively high peak intensity (power limiters). A typical optical limiter absorbs most of the high-level radiation which can cause its destruction via overheating. Here we introduce the novel concept of a reflective energy limiter which blocks electromagnetic pulses with excessively high total energy by reflecting them back to space, rather than absorbing them. The idea is to use a defect layer with temperature dependent loss tangent embedded in a low-loss photonic structure. The low energy pulses with central frequency close to that of the localized defect mode will pass through. But if the cumulative energy carried by the pulse exceeds certain level, the entire photonic structure reflects the incident light (and does not absorb it!) for a broad frequency window. The underlying physical mechanism is based on self-regulated impedance mismatch which increases dramatically with the cumulative energy carried by the pulse.
description: In this paper we propose the concept of energy limiter as opposed to our previous contribution http://arxiv.org/abs/1309.2595 where we have introduced the concept of power limiter
A gut microbiome tactile teaching tool and guided-inquiry activity promotes student learning
Creators: name: French, Katie S.
name: Ott, Laura E.
name: Clifford, Noah J.
name: McKenney, Erin A.
name: Shoaf, Parker T.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: The gut microbiome and its physiological impacts on human and animal health is an area of research emphasis. Microbes themselves are invisible and may therefore be abstract and challenging to understand. It is therefore important to infuse this topic into undergraduate curricula, including Anatomy and Physiology courses, ideally through an active learning approach. To accomplish this, we developed a novel tactile teaching tool with guided-inquiry (TTT-GI) activity where students explored how the gut microbiome ferments carbohydrates to produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). This activity was implemented in two sections of a large-enrollment Human Anatomy and Physiology course at a research intensive (R1) university in the Spring of 2022 that was taught using a hyflex format. Students who attended class in person used commonly available building toys to assemble representative carbohydrates of varying structural complexity, whereas students who attended class virtually made these carbohydrate structures using a digital learning tool. Students then predicted how microbes within the gut would ferment different carbohydrates into SCFAs, as well as the physiological implications of the SCFAs. We assessed this activity to address three research questions, with 182 students comprising our sample. First, we evaluated if the activity learning objectives were achieved through implementation of a pre-and post-assessment schema. Our results revealed that all three learning objectives of this activity were attained. Next, we evaluated if the format in which this TTT-GI activity was implemented impacted student learning. While we found minimal and nonsignificant differences in student learning between those who attended in-person and those who attended remotely, we did find significant differences between the two course sections, which differed in length and spacing of the activity. Finally, we evaluated if this TTT-GI approach was impactful for diverse students. We observed modest and nonsignificant positive learning gains for some populations of students traditionally underrepresented in STEM (first-generation students and students with one or more disabilities). That said, we found that the greatest learning gains associated with this TTT-GI activity were observed in students who had taken previous upper-level biology coursework.
Additional file 3 of Exploring the potential effects of forest urbanization on the interplay between small mammal communities and their gut microbiota
Creators: name: Bouilloud, Marie
name: Galan, Maxime
name: Pradel, Julien
name: Loiseau, Anne
name: Ferrero, Julien
name: Gallet, Romain
name: Roche, Benjamin
name: Charbonnel, Nathalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 3. Outliers.
An antimicrobial metabolite n- hexadecenoic acid from marine sponge-associated bacteria Bacillus subtilis effectively inhibited biofilm forming multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa
Creators: name: Sajayan, Arya
name: Ravindran, Amrudha
name: Selvin, Joseph
name: Ragothaman, Prathiviraj
name: Kiran, George Seghal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Effective drug candidates to obstruct the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens have become a major concern. A potent antimicrobial producer was isolated from a marine sponge designated as MSI38 and was identified as Bacillus subtilis by 16SrDNA sequencing. The active antimicrobial fraction was purified, and the metabolite was identified as n-hexadecanoic acid by spectroscopic analysis. The fish-borne pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa FP012 was found to be multidrug-resistant and poses a risk of disease to food handlers and consumers in general. The compound showed a potent bactericidal effect against P. aeruginosa FP012 with a MIC of 31.33 ± 5.67 mg L−1 and MBC of 36.66 ± 5.17 mg L−1. The time-based biofilm inhibitory potential of MSI38 and ciprofloxacin was analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. A synergistic effect of MSI38 and ciprofloxacin on biofilm showed 85% inhibition.
“You’d be Right to Indulge Some Skepticism”: Trust-building Strategies in Future-oriented News Discourse
Creators: name: Aharoni, Tali
name: Amit-Danhi, Eedan
name: Overbeck, Maximilian
name: Baden, Christian
name: Tenenboim-Weinblatt, Keren
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper explores trust-building strategies in future-oriented news discourse, marked by a high degree of uncertainty. While current research mainly focuses on audiences’ perceptions of news credibility, this study addresses news trust from a production standpoint. We examine the trust-building efforts of media actors, focusing on their discursive labor within the context of election projections. Drawing on rich data from five election rounds in Israel and the US, we qualitatively analyzed 400 news texts and 400 tweets that were produced by 20 US and 20 Israeli media actors. This textual analysis was supplemented by 10 in-depth interviews with Israeli journalists. Our findings demonstrate three types of journalistic trust-building rhetoric in election coverage: facticity, authority, and transparency. These strategies result in a two-fold form of trust, which re-affirms traditional notions of accuracy and validity, while also challenging the ability of newspersons to obtain them in contemporary political and media cultures. Overall, these strategies hold unique opportunities and challenges for sustaining public trust in journalism and illuminate the complex communicative labor involved in building trust with news audiences. Our findings also highlight the importance of studying trust not only in relation to the past and the present, but also in future-oriented discourse.
Weierstrass points of superelliptic curves
Creators: name: Shaska, T.
name: Shor, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this lecture we give a brief introduction to Weierstrass points of curves and computational aspects of $q$-Weierstrass points on superelliptic curves.
ГЕРОИ -ТАТАРЫ  УЗБЕКИСТАНА, УЧАСТВОВАВШИЕ ВО ВТОРОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЕ
Creators: name: Галиев, Салават
name: Абдуматов, Алишер
name: Неъматов, Рустам
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В данной статье содержаться данные о героизме нашего многонационального народа, в том числе представителей татарской национальности проживавших в Узбекистане в годы Второй мировой войны.
title: Sinn-los in die Röhre schauen
title: eine Mediengeschichte des barrierefreien Fernsehens in Deutschland
titleType: Subtitle
title: a media history of accessible television in Germany
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Antolovic, Charis
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Etablierungsprozess der Barrierefreiheit im deutschen Fernsehen in Bezug auf die mediale Zugänglichkeit. Dazu werden zuerst themenrelevante Begriffe wie „Behinderung“, „Barrierefreiheit“ und "Teilhabe“ definiert. Anschließend wird aufgezeigt, wie sich das Bewusstsein für die Belange von Menschen mit Behinderungen geändert hat und welche politischen Veränderungen Impulse für die Barrierefreiheit im Fernsehen gaben. Nach der Darstellung technischer Innovationen wird mit Hilfe von Experteninterviews und Stellungnahmen von Fernsehanstalten und Interessenverbänden, sowie der Mediennutzungsstudie von Menschen mit Behinderungen die Entwicklung und der aktuelle Stand barrierefreier Angebote im Fernsehen erläutert. Dies impliziert Untertitel, Gebärdensprache, Audiodeskription und Leichte Sprache. Im Anschluss werden Grenzen und Möglichkeiten der Barrierefreiheit im Fernsehen betrachtet.
description: The present paper deals with the establishment process of accessibility in German television regarding the media access. First of all, relevant terms like "disability", "accessibility" and "participation" are defined. Subsequently, it is shown how the awareness for the concerns of people with disabilities changed over the past years and what political changes gave impulses for greater accessibility in television. After the presentation of technical innovations, the development and current status are examined. The research is supported by interviews with experts, comments from television broadcasters and interest groups as well as the media usage study of people with disabilities. This implies subtitles, sign language, audio description and easy language. At the end limits and possibilities of accessibility in television are discussed.
A Rapid Prototyping Method for Sub-MHz Single-Element Piezoelectric Transducers by Using 3D-Printed Components
Creators: name: Pinton, Gianmarco F.
name: Menichella, Bryce
name: Dayton, Paul A.
name: Lee, Hanjoo
name: Kim, Jinwook
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: We present a rapid prototyping method for sub-megahertz single-element piezoelectric transducers by using 3D-printed components. In most of the early research phases of applying new sonication ideas, the prototyping quickness is prioritized over the final packaging quality, since the quickness of preliminary demonstration is crucial for promptly determining specific aims and feasible research approaches. We aim to develop a rapid prototyping method for functional ultrasonic transducers to overcome the current long lead time (>a few weeks). Here, we used 3D-printed external housing parts considering a single matching layer and either air backing or epoxy-composite backing (acoustic impedance > 5 MRayl). By molding a single matching layer on the top surface of a piezoceramic in a 3D-printed housing, an entire packaging time was significantly reduced (<26 h) compared to the conventional methods with grinding, stacking, and bonding. We demonstrated this prototyping method for 590-kHz single-element, rectangular-aperture transducers for moderate pressure amplitudes (mechanical index > 1) at focus with temporal pulse controllability (maximum amplitude by <5-cycle burst). We adopted an air-backing design (Type A) for efficient pressure outputs, and bandwidth improvement was tested by a tungsten-composite-backing (Type B) design. The acoustic characterization results showed that the type A prototype provided 3.3 kPa/Vpp far-field transmitting sensitivity with 25.3% fractional bandwidth whereas the type B transducer showed 2.1 kPa/Vpp transmitting sensitivity with 43.3% fractional bandwidth. As this method provided discernable quickness and cost efficiency, this detailed rapid prototyping guideline can be useful for early-phase sonication projects, such as multi-element therapeutic ultrasound array and micro/nanomedicine testing benchtop device prototyping.
title: Neotectonic Activity in the Low-Strain Broken Foreland (Santa Bárbara System) of the North-Western Argentinean Andes (26°S)
Creators: name: Arnous, Ahmad
name: Zeckra, Martin
name: Venerdini, Agostina
name: Alvarado, Patricia
name: Arrowsmith, Ramón
name: Guillemoteau, Julien
name: Landgraf, Angela
name: Gutiérrez, Antonio
name: Strecker, Manfred R.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020

description: Uplift in the broken Andean foreland of the Argentine Santa Bárbara System (SBS) is associated with the contractional reactivation of basement anisotropies, similar to those reported from the thick-skinned Cretaceous-Eocene Laramide province of North America. Fault scarps, deformed Quaternary deposits and landforms, disrupted drainage patterns, and medium-sized earthquakes within the SBS suggest that movement along these structures may be a recurring phenomenon, with yet to be defined repeat intervals and rupture lengths. In contrast to the Subandes thrust belt farther north, where eastward-migrating deformation has generated a well-defined thrust front, the SBS records spatiotemporally disparate deformation along structures that are only known to the first order. We present herein the results of geomorphic desktop analyses, structural field observations, and 2D electrical resistivity tomography and seismic-refraction tomography surveys and an interpretation of seismic reflection profiles across suspected fault scarps in the sedimentary basins adjacent to the Candelaria Range (CR) basement uplift, in the south-central part of the SBS. Our analysis in the CR piedmont areas reveals consistency between the results of near-surface electrical resistivity and seismic-refraction tomography surveys, the locations of prominent fault scarps, and structural geometries at greater depth imaged by seismic reflection data. We suggest that this deformation is driven by deep-seated blind thrusting beneath the CR and associated regional warping, while shortening involving Mesozoic and Cenozoic sedimentary strata in the adjacent basins was accommodated by layer-parallel folding and flexural-slip faults that cut through Quaternary landforms and deposits at the surface.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 1008
title: [Zweiteilige Sammelhandschrift]; [um 1458]
title: (1ra) Vitae et passiones sanctorum.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2023

description: Papier – Bastarda von mehreren Händen, rubriziert
Gatekeeping, News Values and Selection: Factors Determining the Newsworthiness of Hate Crimes
Creators: name: Jacobs, Laura
name: van Spanje, Joost
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: This study addresses the question what makes hate crime incidents newsworthy and which factors are conducive to such incidents being reported on. Relying on news value theory, we identify criteria (cultural proximity, conflict) that explain why some hate crimes make the news and why others do not. We use a dataset of police-registered hate crimes in the Netherlands in 2017 (N = 3379). This is the entire population of hate crimes that the police reported in the whole country. This allows us to disentangle dynamics of the news selection process and identify bias. We find that both target group and type of hate crime affect the newsworthiness: hate crimes with victims targeted due to religious motives (Islamophobia, anti-Semitism) are more likely to be covered; hate crimes based on sexual orientation, gender and ethnicity are less likely to pass the gates. Hate crimes that are more conflictual in nature (i.e., violent hate crimes, vandalism) are more likely to be covered too. These selection effects likely have important effects on public awareness and political reactions.
title: Maturation-, age-, and sex-specific anthropometric and physical fitness percentiles of German elite young athletes
Creators: name: Lesinski, Melanie
name: Schmelcher, Alina
name: Herz, Michael
name: Puta, Christian
name: Gabriel, Holger
name: Arampatzis, Adamantios
name: Laube, Gunnar
name: Büsch, Dirk
name: Granacher, Urs
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020

description: The aim of this study was to establish maturation-, age-, and sex-specific anthropometric and physical fitness percentile reference values of young elite athletes from various sports. Anthropometric (i.e., standing and sitting body height, body mass, body mass index) and physical fitness (i.e., countermovement jump, drop jump, change-of-direction speed [i.e., T-test], trunk muscle endurance [i.e., ventral Bourban test], dynamic lower limbs balance [i.e., Y-balance test], hand grip strength) of 703 male and female elite young athletes aged 8–18 years were collected to aggregate reference values according to maturation, age, and sex. Findings indicate that body height and mass were significantly higher (p<0.001; 0.95≤d≤1.74) in more compared to less mature young athletes as well as with increasing chronological age (p<0.05; 0.66≤d≤3.13). Furthermore, male young athletes were significantly taller and heavier compared to their female counterparts (p<0.001; 0.34≤d≤0.50). In terms of physical fitness, post-pubertal athletes showed better countermovement jump, drop jump, change-of-direction, and handgrip strength performances (p<0.001; 1.57≤d≤8.72) compared to pubertal athletes. Further, countermovement jump, drop jump, change-of-direction, and handgrip strength performances increased with increasing chronological age (p<0.05; 0.29≤d≤4.13). In addition, male athletes outperformed their female counterpart in the countermovement jump, drop jump, change-of-direction, and handgrip strength (p<0.05; 0.17≤d≤0.76). Significant age by sex interactions indicate that sex-specific differences were even more pronounced with increasing age. Conclusively, body height, body mass, and physical fitness increased with increasing maturational status and chronological age. Sex-specific differences appear to be larger as youth grow older. Practitioners can use the percentile values as approximate benchmarks for talent identification and development.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe, 662
LiH as a Li$^+$ and H$^-$ ion provider
Creators: name: Hoang, Khang
name: Van de Walle, Chris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first-principles study of the formation and migration of native defects in lithium hydride (LiH), a material of interest in hydrogen storage and lithium-ion batteries. We find that the negatively charged lithium vacancy and positively charged hydrogen vacancy are the dominant defects in LiH with a formation energy of about 0.85 eV. With this low energy, LiH can be a good provider of Li$^+$ and/or H$^-$ ions. Based on our results, we discuss the role of LiH in its reactions with another reactant which are important in hydrogen storage and lithium-ion batteries, and explain the ionic conductivity and hydrogen surface loss as observed in experiments.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Adaptability study of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.] varieties in pastoral areas of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tekle Yoseph
name: Tekle Yoseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Cowpea
subject: Varieties
subject: Yield components
subject: Grain Yield

description: Field experiments were conducted on pastoral and agro-pastoral areas of South Omo Zone at Dasenech, Hammer and Gynagatom woredas of South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia on four cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.] varieties in 2019 under irrigation. The objective of the study was to select the best performing cowpea varieties in the target areas. The cowpea varieties included in the field experiment were (Black eye bean, Bole, TVU, and Kankeit). The experiments were carried out using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The combined analysis of variance results depicted that there were significant differences among the varieties for all the studied parameters except the number of seeds per pod. The mean values for plant height ranged from 84.89 (cm) for the variety Bole to 120.67 (cm) for TVU. The mean values for the number of pods per plant ranged from 24.33 for the variety Bole to 46.90 for TVU. The mean value for 100 seeds weight was maximum (21.11g) for the cowpea variety black eye bean and, while it was minimum (17.11 g) for the variety TVU. The highest overall mean grain yield of 2457.0 kg ha-1 was recorded for the variety Kankeit while the minimum 1695.3 kg ha-1 was noted for the cowpea variety black eye bean. Therefore, the variety Kankeit and TVU could be recommended for the study areas however further research should be done to put the recommendation on a strong basis.
Additional file 4 of Exploring the potential effects of forest urbanization on the interplay between small mammal communities and their gut microbiota
Creators: name: Bouilloud, Marie
name: Galan, Maxime
name: Pradel, Julien
name: Loiseau, Anne
name: Ferrero, Julien
name: Gallet, Romain
name: Roche, Benjamin
name: Charbonnel, Nathalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 4. Fig. S2. Phylogeny and communities composition of small mammal species.
Multiple Authors Detection: A Quantitative Analysis of Dream of the Red Chamber
Creators: name: Hu, Xianfeng
name: Wang, Yang
name: Wu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inspired by the authorship controversy of Dream of the Red Chamber and the application of machine learning in the study of literary stylometry, we develop a rigorous new method for the mathematical analysis of authorship by testing for a so-called chrono-divide in writing styles. Our method incorporates some of the latest advances in the study of authorship attribution, particularly techniques from support vector machines. By introducing the notion of relative frequency as a feature ranking metric our method proves to be highly effective and robust. Applying our method to the Cheng-Gao version of Dream of the Red Chamber has led to convincing if not irrefutable evidence that the first $80$ chapters and the last $40$ chapters of the book were written by two different authors. Furthermore, our analysis has unexpectedly provided strong support to the hypothesis that Chapter 67 was not the work of Cao Xueqin either. We have also tested our method to the other three Great Classical Novels in Chinese. As expected no chrono-divides have been found. This provides further evidence of the robustness of our method.
Correlation between the microstructures and the deformation mechanisms of CuZr-based bulk metallic glass composites
Creators: name: Song, K.K.
name: Pauly, S.
name: Sun, B.A
name: Tan, J.
name: Stoica, M.
name: Kühn, U.
name: Eckert, J.
Publisher: name: New York : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Composite materials
subject: Critical current density (superconductivity)
subject: Elastoplasticity
subject: Glass
subject: Martensitic transformations
subject: Stress-strain curves
subject: 620

description: The variation of the transformation-mediated deformation behavior with microstructural changes in CuZr-based bulk metallic glass composites is investigated. With increasing crystalline volume fraction, the deformation mechanism gradually changes from a shear-banding dominated process as evidenced by a chaotic serrated flow behavior, to being governed by a martensitic transformation with a pronounced elastic-plastic stage, resulting in different plastic deformations evolving into a self-organized critical state characterized by the power-law distribution of shear avalanches. This is reflected in the stress-strain curves by a single-to-"double"-to-"triple"- double yielding transition and by different mechanical properties with different serrated flow characteristics, which are interpreted based on the microstructural evolutions and a fundamental energy theorem. Our results can assist in understanding deformation behaviors for high-performance metastable alloys.