cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Clinical Guideline for Treating Acute Respiratory Insufficiency with Invasive Ventilation and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Evidence-Based Recommendations for Choosing Modes and Setting Parameters of Mechanical Ventilation
Creators: name: Fichtner, Falk
name: Moerer, Onnen
name: Weber-Carstens, Steffen
name: Nothacker, Monika
name: Kaisers, Udo
name: Laudi, Sven
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Acute respiratory failure
subject: Acute respiratory distress syndrome
subject: Mechanical ventilation
subject: Invasive ventilation
subject: Ventilation mode
subject: Ventilation parameter setting
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: For patients with acute respiratory insufficiency, mechanical (invasive) ventilation is a fundamental therapeutic measure to ensure sufficient gas exchange. Despite decades of strong research efforts, central questions on mechanical ventilation therapy are still answered incompletely. Therefore, many different ventilation modes and settings have been used in daily clinical practice without scientifically sound bases. At the same time, implementation of the few evidence-based therapeutic concepts (e.g., lung protective ventilation) into clinical practice is still insufficient. The aim of our guideline project Mechanical ventilation and extracorporeal gas exchange in acute respiratory insufficiency was to develop an evidence-based decision aid for treating patients with and on mechanical ventilation. It covers the whole pathway of invasively ventilated patients (including indications of mechanical ventilation, ventilator settings, additional and rescue therapies, and liberation from mechanical ventilation). To assess the quality of scientific evidence and subsequently derive recommendations, we applied the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation method. For the first time, using this globally accepted methodological standard, our guideline contains recommendations on mechanical ventilation therapy not only for acute respiratory distress syndrome patients but also for all types of acute respiratory insufficiency. This review presents the two main chapters of the guideline on choosing the mode of mechanical ventilation and setting its parameters. The guideline group aimed that - by thorough implementation of the recommendations - critical care teams may further improve the quality of care for patients suffering from acute respiratory insufficiency. By identifying relevant gaps of scientific evidence, the guideline group intended to support the development of important research projects.
Chronic Inundation: Developing An Outdoor Education Center For Threatened Communities
Creators: name: Duan, Amy Tzu-Yu
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: cambridge
subject: chronic inundation
subject: eastern shore
subject: education
subject: enviornment
subject: sea level rise

description: Effects of climate change, like sea-level rise, extreme weather, and chronic inundation are damaging historic cultural resources and landscapes along the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Maryland’s Eastern Shore is highly susceptible to these effects due to its naturally low-lying topography and its abundance of historic towns and heritage resources. Historic coastal communities are struggling to address the vulnerability of their historic assets due to the fragility of the resources and current preservation methods. This evolving landscape is not only reshaping the way people live but how tangible heritage is being preserved for the community, the region’s identity, and future generations. Adaptation of historic communities to climate change is more urgent than ever as the severity of climate pollution projections increases with every climate pollution report and analysis. This thesis aims to explore structural resiliency techniques and public education and awareness strategies to protect Maryland’s historic and cultural resources, specifically focusing on chronic inundation. It will examine Cambridge, Maryland, a historic coastal city on the Eastern shore, to develop an outdoor education center to service the region and support resiliency efforts and exploration.
Craniotomy Size for Subdural Grid Electrode Placement in Invasive Epilepsy Diagnostics
Creators: name: Schneider, Ulf C.
name: Oltmanns, Frank
name: Vajkoczy, Peter
name: Holtkamp, Martin
name: Dehnicke, Christoph
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Epilepsy surgery
subject: Subdural grid electrode
subject: Craniotomy size
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Traditionally, for subdural grid electrode placement, large craniotomies have been applied for optimal electrode placement. Nowadays, microneurosurgeons prefer patient-tailored minimally invasive approaches. Absolute figures on craniotomy size have never been reported. To elucidate the craniotomy size necessary for successful diagnostics, we reviewed our single-center experience. Methods: Within 3 years, 58 patients with focal epilepsies underwent subdural grid implantation using patient-tailored navigation-based craniotomies. Craniotomy sizes were measured retrospectively. The number of electrodes and the feasibility of the resection were evaluated. Sixteen historical patients served as controls. Results: In all 58 patients, subdural electrodes were implanted as planned through tailored craniotomies. The mean craniotomy size was 28 ± 15 cm(2) via which 55 ± 16 electrodes were implanted. In temporal lobe diagnostics, even smaller craniotomies were applied (21 ± 11 cm(2)). Craniotomies were significantly smaller than in historical controls (65 ± 23 cm(2), p < 0.05), while the mean number of electrodes was comparable. The mean operation time was shorter and complications were reduced in tailored craniotomies. Conclusion: Craniotomy size for subdural electrode implantation is controversial. Some surgeons favor large craniotomies, while others strive for minimally invasive approaches. For the first time, we measured the actual craniotomy size for subdural grid electrode implantation. All procedures were straightforward. We therefore advocate for patient-tailored minimally invasive approaches - standard in modern microneurosurgery - in epilepsy surgery as well.
Primary Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy Mimicking Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Novel SLCO2A1 Mutation and Imaging Findings
Creators: name: Torgutalp, Murat
name: Durmaz, Ceren D.
name: Karabulut, Halil G.
name: Seifert, Wenke
name: Horn, Denise
name: Akkaya, Zehra
name: Turgay, Murat
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Arthritis
subject: Imaging
subject: Pachydermoperiostosis
subject: Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
subject: SLCO2A1
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (PHO), also known as pachydermoperiostosis, is a rare, multisystemic, autosomal recessive condition typically presenting with digital clubbing, osteoarthropathy, and various skin manifestations. Radiographs show distinctive periosteal reaction and thickening along the long bones. PHO is caused by homozygous mutations in the HPGD gene in chromosome 4q34.1 or the SLCO2A1 gene in 3q22.1q22.2. Here, we report on a 20-year-old male with enlarged and swollen joints with arthralgia, palmoplantar hyperhidrosis, and large hands and feet with marked digital clubbing. We also present radiographic, MRI, and ultrasonographic features of the case. These clinical and imaging findings were compatible with the diagnosis of PHO, and a novel homozygous mutation, c.576C>G, p.Ile192Met, was found in SLCO2A1.
Prevalence, 12-Month Prognosis, and Clinical Management Need of Depression in Coronary Heart Disease Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Creators: name: Kuhlmann, Stella L.
name: Arolt, Volker
name: Haverkamp, Wilhelm
name: Martus, Peter
name: Ströhle, Andreas
name: Waltenberger, Johannes
name: Rieckmann, Nina
name: Müller-Nordhorn, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Depression
subject: Coronary heart disease
subject: Treatment
subject: Prognosis
subject: Clinical management need
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Screening for depression in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) remains controversial. There is limited data on the actual depression management need in routine care. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, treatment rates, prognosis, and management need of clinical and subclinical depression in CHD patients according to the American Heart Association recommendations and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline Depression in Adults with a Chronic Physical Health Problem. Methods: Patients were recruited at 2 German university clinics between 2012 and 2014. Depressive disorders were assessed according to the DSM-IV and depressive symptom severity at baseline and during follow-up was evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Depression management need was determined by the severity and longitudinal course of depression symptoms. Results: Of 1,024 patients (19% women), 12% had clinical depression (depressive disorder) and 45% had subclinical depression (PHQ-9 score >= 5) at baseline. Among those with clinical depression, 46% were in treatment at least once during 12 months; 26% were continuously in treatment during follow-up. Depressive disorder and depressive symptoms were significant risk factor-adjusted predictors of the 12-months mortality (adjusted HR = 3.19; 95% CI 1.32-7.69, and adjusted HR = 1.09; 95% CI 1.02-1.16, respectively). Depressive symptoms persisted in 85% of the clinically depressed and in 47% of the subclinically depressed patients. According to current recommendations, 29% of all CHD patients would require depression management within 1 year. Conclusions: There is a need for enhanced recognition, referral, and continuous and improved clinical management of depression in CHD patients.
Particle Production after Inflation with Non-minimal Derivative Coupling to Gravity
Creators: name: Ema, Yohei
name: Jinno, Ryusuke
name: Mukaida, Kyohei
name: Nakayama, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological evolution after inflation in models with non-minimal derivative coupling to gravity. The background dynamics is solved and particle production associated with rapidly oscillating Hubble parameter is studied in detail. In addition, production of gravitons through the non-minimal derivative coupling with the inflaton is studied. We also find that the sound speed squared of the scalar perturbation oscillates between positive and negative values when the non-minimal derivative coupling dominates over the minimal kinetic term. This may lead to an instability of this model. We point out that the particle production rates are the same as those in the Einstein gravity with the minimal kinetic term, if we require the sound speed squared is positive definite.
description: 25 pages
CMS results on multijet correlations
Creators: name: Safronov, Grigory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present recent measurements of multijet correlations using forward and low-$p_{\mathrm{T}}$ jets performed by the CMS collaboration at the LHC collider. In pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV, azimuthal correlations in dijets separated in rapidity by up to 9.4 units were measured. The results are compared to BFKL- and DGLAP-based Monte Carlo generator and analytic predictions. In pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV, cross sections for jets with $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ > 21 GeV and |y| < 4.7, and for track-jets with $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ > 1 GeV (minijets) are presented. The minijet results are sensitive to the bound imposed by the total inelastic cross section, and are compared to various models for taming the growth of the $2 \rightarrow 2$ cross section at low $p_{\mathrm{T}}$.
description: Talk at "Diffraction 2014" workshop, Primosten, Croatia, September 10-16, 2014
Reduced Sensitivity to Non-Fear-Related Stimulus Changes in Panic Disorder
Creators: name: Rentzsch, Johannes
name: Thoma, Lars
name: Gaudlitz, Katharina
name: Tänzer, Nicole
name: Gallinat, Jürgen
name: Kathmann, Norbert
name: Ströhle, Andreas
name: Plag, Jens
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Electroencephalography
subject: Mismatch negativity
subject: Preattentive information processing
subject: Anxiety disorders
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Panic disorder (PD) is associated with increased body vigilance and reduced cognitive resources directed at non-fear-related stimuli, particularly in the absence of stimulus-rich environments. To date, only few studies have investigated whether this deficit in PD is reflected in reduced mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related potential indexing preattentive sensitivity to unexpected stimulus changes. We tested 35 patients affected by PD and 42 matched healthy controls in an oddball paradigm, using frequency and duration deviant stimuli to measure auditory MMN. PD patients displayed reduced duration MMN amplitudes in comparison to healthy controls. No group differences were detected for duration MMN latency, as well as frequency MMN indices. Results support the notion of reduced larly with regard to the preattentive processing of sound duration deviants. Additionally, our findings are in line with clinical studies reporting divergent deficits in preattentive processing of frequency and duration deviants.
A New Chapter...Refugee Housing: From Enclave to Hub
Creators: name: Neugebauer Peters, Taina
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Cohousing
subject: Cultural Center
subject: Housing
subject: Integration
subject: Refugee

description: Ref.u.gee (noun): “A person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster.” 30,000 refugees were resettled to the United States in 2019. Coming from countries all around the world, refugees experience the tough reality of leaving their homes in search of a better life in a distant and unfamiliar place. With little knowledge and understanding of new customs, many struggle to establish daily routines and complete simple tasks. Resettlement Agencies also struggle to find adequate accommodations, especially in California, where the current housing crisis has led to a shortage of affordable housing. This thesis proposes an affordable housing model that facilitates refugee integration into new communities by providing housing options that meet their needs as well as community spaces that educates and promotes cultural diversity throughout the greater urban community.
SINK OR SWIM: A CONVERSATION ON LIFE IN AN INUNDATED CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED
Creators: name: Townsend, Deane Lowell
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Chestertown
subject: Inundation
subject: Resiliency
subject: Sea Level Rise

description: Historic Chestertown, Maryland, is one of the oldest existing communities in the state of Maryland. Strategically situated along the Chester River, this town—like many others on the Delmarva Peninsula—is at risk to external forces of climate change and sea level rise which threaten to inundate and displace the town. Facing an uncertain future due to climate change and other socio-economic factors, Chestertown possesses the opportunity of challenging the status quo and raises the question can the concept of community be reimagined to address the severity of climate change and sea level rise while fostering a positive relationship to the environment? Observations to historic patterns of settlement, resilient design strategies, and building construction methodologies have been analyzed and applied to help protect the historic town while fostering an environmentally conscious community model. This model serves as a critique to previous settlements and current development proposals for the town, challenging the need to prioritize natural ecology over the built environment.
The Origins of Human Functional Stereotaxis: A Reappraisal
Creators: name: Rzesnitzek, Lara
name: Hariz, Marwan
name: Krauss, Joachim K.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Psychosurgery
subject: Functional neurosurgery
subject: Leucotomy
subject: Thalamotomy
subject: Stereotaxy
subject: History
subject: Stereotactic surgery
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In order to shed light on the first application of human functional stereotactic neurosurgery, whether it was in the realm of movement disorders, as has been claimed repeatedly, or in the realm of psychiatry, a review of the original scholarly literature was conducted. Tracking and scrutinising original publications by Spiegel and Wycis, the pioneers of human stereotactic neurosurgery, it was found that its origin and the very incentive for its development and first clinical use were to avoid the side effects of frontal leucotomy. The first applications of functional stereotactic neurosurgery were in performing dorsomedial thalamotomies in psychiatric patients; it was only later that the stereotactic technique was applied in patients with chronic pain, movement disorders and epilepsy. Spiegel and Wycis' first functional stereotactic operations were for obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, and other psychiatric conditions.
Letáky ke slevám na APC pro autory z Univerzity Karlovy
Creators: name: Simandlová, Tereza
name: Grofová, Šárka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open access
article processing charge
scholarly communication
scholarly publishing
open access fee

description: Sada informačních letáků ke slevám / voucherům na publikační poplatky za open access (tzv. article processing charges, APCs) pro autory afiliované k Univerzitě Karlově.
Bottom-Up Stratified Probabilistic Logic Programming with Fusemate
Creators: name: Baumgartner, Peter
name: Tartaglia, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces the Fusemate probabilistic logic programming system. Fusemate's inference engine comprises a grounding component and a variable elimination method for probabilistic inference. Fusemate differs from most other systems by grounding the program in a bottom-up way instead of the common top-down way. While bottom-up grounding is attractive for a number of reasons, e.g., for dynamically creating distributions of varying support sizes, it makes it harder to control the amount of ground clauses generated. We address this problem by interleaving grounding with a query-guided relevance test which prunes rules whose bodies are inconsistent with the query. % This is done We present our method in detail and demonstrate it with examples that involve "time", such as (hidden) Markov models. Our experiments demonstrate competitive or better performance compared to a state-of-the art probabilistic logic programming system, in particular for high branching problems.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2023, arXiv:2308.14898. A full version of this paper, containing all proofs, appears at arXiv:2305.18924
Time-reversal symmetry violation in several Lepton-Flavor-Violating processes
Creators: name: Vasquez, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute a T-odd triple vector correlation for the $μ\rightarrow eγ$ decay and the $μ\rightarrow e$ conversion process. We find simple results in terms of the CP violating phases of the effective Hamiltonians. Then we focus on the minimal Left-Right symmetric extension of the Standard Model, which can lead to an appreciable correlation. We show that under rather general assumptions, this correlation can be used to discriminate between Parity or Charge-conjugation as the discrete Left-Right symmetry.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures. Comments added. Sections 5 and 6 expanded. Appendices A and B expanded, accepted for publication in JHEP
Inductive Learning of Declarative Domain-Specific Heuristics for ASP
Creators: name: Comploi-Taupe, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.3;I.2.6;D.1.6

description: Domain-specific heuristics are a crucial technique for the efficient solving of problems that are large or computationally hard. Answer Set Programming (ASP) systems support declarative specifications of domain-specific heuristics to improve solving performance. However, such heuristics must be invented manually so far. Inventing domain-specific heuristics for answer-set programs requires expertise with the domain under consideration and familiarity with ASP syntax, semantics, and solving technology. The process of inventing useful heuristics would highly profit from automatic support. This paper presents a novel approach to the automatic learning of such heuristics. We use Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) to learn declarative domain-specific heuristics from examples stemming from (near-)optimal answer sets of small but representative problem instances. Our experimental results indicate that the learned heuristics can improve solving performance and solution quality when solving larger, harder instances of the same problem.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2023, arXiv:2308.14898
Global Analysis of KOI-977: Spectroscopy, Asteroseismology, and Phase-curve Analysis
Creators: name: Hirano, Teruyuki
name: Masuda, Kento
name: Sato, Bun'ei
name: Benomar, Othman
name: Takeda, Yoichi
name: Omiya, Masashi
name: Harakawa, Hiroki
name: Kobayashi, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a global analysis of KOI-977, one of the planet host candidates detected by {\it Kepler}. Kepler Input Catalog (KIC) reports that KOI-977 is a red giant, for which few close-in planets have been discovered. Our global analysis involves spectroscopic and asteroseismic determinations of stellar parameters (e.g., mass and radius) and radial velocity (RV) measurements. Our analyses reveal that KOI-977 is indeed a red giant in the red clump, but its estimated radius ($\gtrsim 20R_\odot=0.093$ AU) is much larger than KOI-977.01's orbital distance ($\sim 0.027$ AU) estimated from its period ($P_\mathrm{orb}\sim 1.35$ days) and host star's mass. RV measurements show a small variation, which also contradicts the amplitude of ellipsoidal variations seen in the light-curve folded with KOI-977.01's period. Therefore, we conclude that KOI-977.01 is a false positive, meaning that the red giant, for which we measured the radius and RVs, is different from the object that produces the transit-like signal (i.e., an eclipsing binary). On the basis of this assumption, we also perform a light-curve analysis including the modeling of transits/eclipses and phase-curve variations, adopting various values for the dilution factor $D$, which is defined as the flux ratio between the red giant and eclipsing binary. Fitting the whole folded light-curve as well as individual transits in the short cadence data simultaneously, we find that the estimated mass and radius ratios of the eclipsing binary are consistent with those of a solar-type star and a late-type star (e.g., an M dwarf) for $D\gtrsim 20$.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
The Colorful Diversity of Thyroid Hormone Metabolites
Creators: name: Köhrle, Josef
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 3-iodothyronamine
subject: 3,5-diiodothyronine
subject: Tetraiodothyroacetic acid
subject: Triiodothyroacetic acid
subject: Reverse T3
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Since the discovery of L-thyroxine, the main secretory product of the thyroid gland, and its major metabolite T3, which exerts the majority of thyroid hormone action via ligand-dependent modulation of the function of T3 receptors in nuclei, mitochondria, and other subcellular compartments, various other T4-derived endogenous metabolites have been identified in blood and tissues of humans, animals, and early protochordates. This review addresses major historical milestones and experimental findings resulting in the discovery of the key enzymes of thyroid hormone metabolism, the three selenoprotein deiodinases, as well as the decarboxylases and amine oxidases involved in formation and degradation of recently identified endogenous thyroid hormone metabolites, i.e. 3-iodothyronamine and 3-thyroacetic acid. The concerted action of deiodinases 2 and 3 in regulation of local T3 availability is discussed. Special attention is given to the role of the thyromimetic hot metabolite 3,5-T2 and the cool 3-iodothyronamine, especially after administration of pharmacological doses of these endogenous thyroid hormone metabolites in various animal experimental models. In addition, available information on the biological roles of the two major acetic acid derivatives of thyroid hormones, i.e. Tetrac and Triac, as well as sulfated metabolites of thyroid hormones is reviewed. This review addresses the consequences of the existence of this broad spectrum of endogenous thyroid hormone metabolites, the thyronome, beyond the classical thyroid hormone profile comprising T4, T3, and rT3 for appropriate analytical coverage and clinical diagnostics using mass spectrometry versus immunoassays for determination of total and free concentrations of thyroid hormone metabolites in blood and tissues.
Universal features of left-right entanglement entropy
Creators: name: Das, Diptarka
name: Datta, Shouvik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the presence of universal features in the entanglement entropy of regularized boundary states for (1+1)-d conformal field theories on a circle when the reduced density matrix is obtained by tracing over right/left-moving modes. We derive a general formula for the left-right entanglement entropy in terms of the central charge and the modular S matrix of the theory. When the state is chosen to be an Ishibashi state, this measure of entanglement is shown to reproduce the spatial entanglement entropy of a (2+1)-d topological quantum field theory. We explicitly evaluate the left-right entanglement entropies for the Ising model, the tricritical Ising model and the su(2)_k WZW model as examples.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure. Published version with few references added
Estimation of Leverage Effect: Kernel Function and Efficiency
Creators: name: Yang, Xiye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: This article proposes more efficient estimators for the leverage effect than the existing ones. The idea is to allow for nonuniform kernel functions in the spot volatility estimates or the aggregated returns. This finding highlights a critical difference between the leverage effect and integrated volatility functionals, where the uniform kernel is optimal. Another distinction between these two cases is that the overlapping estimators of the leverage effect are more efficient than the nonoverlapping ones. We offer two perspectives to explain these differences: one is based on the “effective kernel” and the other on the correlation structure of the nonoverlapping estimators. The simulation study shows that the proposed estimator with a nonuniform kernel substantially increases the estimation efficiency and testing power relative to the existing ones.
Frequency of the Types of Alopecia at Twenty-Two Specialist Hair Clinics: A Multicenter Study
Creators: name: Vaño-Galván, Sergio
name: Saceda-Corralo, David
name: Blume-Peytavi, Ulrike
name: Cucchía, Jose
name: Dlova, Ncoza C.
name: Reis Gavazzoni Dias, Maria Fernanda
name: Grimalt, Ramon
name: Guzmán-Sánchez, Daniela
name: Harries, Matthew
name: Ho, Anthony
name: Holmes, Susan
name: Larrondo, Jorge
name: Mosam, Anisa
name: Oliveira-Soares, Rui
name: Pinto, Giselle M.
name: Piraccini, Bianca M.
name: Pirmez, Rodrigo
name: De La Rosa Carrillo, Daniel
name: Rudnicka, Lidia
name: Shapiro, Jerry
name: Sinclair, Rodney
name: Tosti, Antonella
name: Trüeb, Ralph M.
name: Vogt, Annika
name: Miteva, Mariya
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Hair diseases
subject: Alopecia
subject: Androgenetic alopecia
subject: Alopecia areata
subject: Frontal fibrosing alopecia
subject: Telogen effluvium
subject: Folliculitis decalvans
subject: Lichen planopilaris
subject: Epidemiology
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: The frequency of different types of alopecia is not clearly reported in recent studies. Objective: To analyze the frequency of the types of alopecia in patients consulting at specialist hair clinics (SHC) and to assess for global variations. Methods: Multicenter retrospective study including data from patients evaluated at referral SHC in Europe, America, Africa and Australia. Results: A total of 2,835 patients (72.7% females and 27.3% males) with 3,133 diagnoses of alopecia were included (73% were non-cicatricial and 27% were cicatricial alopecias). In all, 57 different types of alopecia were characterized. The most frequent type was androgenetic alopecia (AGA) (37.7%), followed by alopecia areata (AA) (18.2%), telogen effluvium (TE) (11.3%), frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) (10.8%), lichen planopilaris (LPP) (7.6%), folliculitis decalvans (FD) (2.8%), discoid lupus (1.9%) and fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution (FAPD) (1.8%). There was a male predominance in patients with acne keloidalis nuchae, dissecting cellulitis and FD, and female predominance in traction alopecia, central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, FFA, TE, FAPD and LPP. Conclusion: AGA followed by AA and TE were the most frequent cause of non-cicatricial alopecia, while FFA was the most frequent cause of cicatricial alopecia in all studied geographical areas.
On the Independencies Hidden in the Structure of a Probabilistic Logic Program
Creators: name: Rückschloß, Kilian
name: Weitkämper, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pearl and Verma developed d-separation as a widely used graphical criterion to reason about the conditional independencies that are implied by the causal structure of a Bayesian network. As acyclic ground probabilistic logic programs correspond to Bayesian networks on their dependency graph, we can compute conditional independencies from d-separation in the latter. In the present paper, we generalize the reasoning above to the non-ground case. First, we abstract the notion of a probabilistic logic program away from external databases and probabilities to obtain so-called program structures. We then present a correct meta-interpreter that decides whether a certain conditional independence statement is implied by a program structure on a given external database. Finally, we give a fragment of program structures for which we obtain a completeness statement of our conditional independence oracle. We close with an experimental evaluation of our approach revealing that our meta-interpreter performs significantly faster than checking the definition of independence using exact inference in ProbLog 2.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2023, arXiv:2308.14898
Crystal growth of the non-magnetic Zn$^{2+}$ and magnetic Co$^{2+}$ doped quasi one-dimensional spin chain compound SrCuO$_{2}$ using the travelling solvent floating zone method
Creators: name: Karmakar, Koushik
name: Singh, Amartya
name: Singh, Surjeet
name: Poole, Amy
name: Rüegg, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the crystal growth of the quasi one-dimensional quantum spin chain compound SrCuO$_{2}$ and its doped variants containing magnetic cobalt (0.25%, 0.5%, 1% and 2.5%) and non-magnetic zinc (0.5\% and 1\%) impurities. Crystals are grown using the travelling solvent floating zone (TSFZ) method in a four-mirror optical furnace. Some crucial factors, key to the stability of a TSFZ process, including the choice of solvent composition and its associated melting behavior, are discussed in detail. The grown crystals were characterized using x-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, neutron single crystal diffraction and magnetic susceptibility measurements. Co-doping induces magnetic anisotropy and a corresponding change of magnetic behavior characterized by the presence of a sharp peak in the magnetic susceptibility at low-temperatures (T = 5 K), which is not seen for the pristine compound. The peak position is shown to scale linearly with Co-concentration for low doping levels upto 2.5%.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures and 3 tables
Inference in a class of optimization problems: Confidence regions and finite sample bounds on errors in coverage probabilities
Creators: name: Horowitz, Joel L.
name: Lee, Sokbae
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: This paper describes three methods for carrying out non-asymptotic inference on partially identified parameters that are solutions to a class of optimization problems. Applications in which the optimization problems arise include estimation under shape restrictions, estimation of models of discrete games, and estimation based on grouped data. The partially identified parameters are characterized by restrictions that involve the unknown population means of observed random variables in addition to the structural parameters of interest. Inference consists of finding confidence intervals for the structural parameters. Our theory provides finite-sample lower bounds on the coverage probabilities of the confidence intervals under three sets of assumptions of increasing strength. With the moderate sample sizes found in most economics applications, the bounds become tighter as the assumptions strengthen. We discuss estimation of population parameters that the bounds depend on and contrast our methods with alternative methods for obtaining confidence intervals for partially identified parameters. The results of Monte Carlo experiments and empirical examples illustrate the usefulness of our method.
On Feasibility of Declarative Diagnosis
Creators: name: Drabent, Włodzimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.6; D.2.5

description: The programming language Prolog makes declarative programming possible, at least to a substantial extent. Programs may be written and reasoned about in terms of their declarative semantics. All the advantages of declarative programming are however lost when it comes to program debugging. This is because the Prolog debugger is based solely on the operational semantics. Declarative methods of diagnosis (i.e. locating errors in programs) exist, but are neglected. This paper discusses their possibly main weaknesses and shows how to overcome them. We argue that useful ways of declarative diagnosis of logic programs exist, and should be usable in actual programming.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2023, arXiv:2308.14898
Estimation of Leverage Effect: Kernel Function and Efficiency
Creators: name: Yang, Xiye
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper proposes more efficient estimators for the leverage effect than the existing ones. The idea is to allow for non-uniform kernel functions in the spot volatility estimates or the aggregated returns. This finding highlights a critical difference between the leverage effect and integrated volatility functionals, where the uniform kernel is optimal. Another distinction between these two cases is that the overlapping estimators of the leverage effect are more efficient than the non-overlapping ones. We offer two perspectives to explain these differences: one is based on the “effective kernel” and the other on the correlation structure of the non-overlapping estimators. The simulation study shows that the proposed estimator with a non-uniform kernel substantially increases the estimation efficiency and testing power relative to the existing ones.
title: Технологии управления персоналом в организации
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Новосибирский государственный университет экономики и управления «НИНХ»
Year: 2022

description: Практикум содержит методические рекомендации, расчетные задачи, кейсы (практические ситуации), вопросы для обсуждения социально-экономической эффективности технологий формирования персонала, использования его потенциала, оценки и развития. Назначение практикума — сформировать у студентов умение решать расчетные задачи и привить им навыки давать оценку, выбирать наилучший вариант управленческих решений в организации. Представленные задачи и практические задания направлены на закрепление лекционного материала. Для облегчения самостоятельной работы обучающихся в практикуме приводятся тематические теоретико-методологические рекомендации и тестовые задания. Практикум предназначен для бакалавров по направлениям подготовки высшего образования 38.03.02 «Менеджмент», 38.03.03 «Управление персоналом».
Feature Attention Network (FA-Net): A Deep-Learning Based Approach for Underwater Single Image Enhancement
Creators: name: Hamza, Muhammad
name: Hawbani, Ammar
name: Rehman, Sami Ul
name: Wang, Xingfu
name: Zhao, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Underwater image processing and analysis have been a hotspot of study in recent years, as more emphasis has been focused to underwater monitoring and usage of marine resources. Compared with the open environment, underwater image encountered with more complicated conditions such as light abortion, scattering, turbulence, nonuniform illumination and color diffusion. Although considerable advances and enhancement techniques achieved in resolving these issues, they treat low-frequency information equally across the entire channel, which results in limiting the network's representativeness. We propose a deep learning and feature-attention-based end-to-end network (FA-Net) to solve this problem. In particular, we propose a Residual Feature Attention Block (RFAB), containing the channel attention, pixel attention, and residual learning mechanism with long and short skip connections. RFAB allows the network to focus on learning high-frequency information while skipping low-frequency information on multi-hop connections. The channel and pixel attention mechanism considers each channel's different features and the uneven distribution of haze over different pixels in the image. The experimental results shows that the FA-Net propose by us provides higher accuracy, quantitatively and qualitatively and superiority to previous state-of-the-art methods.
description: Fourteenth International Conference on Digital Image Processing (ICDIP 2022), 2022, Wuhan, China, May 20-23, 2022.8 pages.5 Figures.doi: 10.1117/12.2644516
Safety of beta-blocker and calcium channel blocker antihypertensive drugs in pregnancy: a Mendelian randomization study.
Creators: name: Ardissino, Maddalena
name: Slob, Eric AW
name: Rajasundaram, Skanda
name: Reddy, Rohin K
name: Woolf, Benjamin
name: Girling, Joanna
name: Johnson, Mark R
name: Ng, Fu Siong
name: Gill, Dipender
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Research Article
Blood pressure
Beta-blocker
Calcium channel blocker
Mendelian randomization
Pregnancy

description: BACKGROUND: Beta-blocker (BB) and calcium channel blocker (CCB) antihypertensive drugs are commonly used in pregnancy. However, data on their relative impact on maternal and foetal outcomes are limited. We leveraged genetic variants mimicking BB and CCB antihypertensive drugs to investigate their effects on risk of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes and birthweight using the Mendelian randomization paradigm. METHODS: Genetic association estimates for systolic blood pressure (SBP) were extracted from summary data of a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 757,601 participants. Uncorrelated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with SBP (p < 5 × 10-8) in BB and CCB drug target gene regions were selected as proxies for drug target perturbation. Genetic association estimates for the outcomes were extracted from GWASs on 4743 cases and 136,325 controls (women without a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy) for pre-eclampsia or eclampsia, 7676 cases and 130,424 controls (women without any pregnancy-related morbidity) for gestational diabetes, and 155,202 women (who have given birth at least once) for birthweight of the first child. All studies were in European ancestry populations. Mendelian randomization estimates were generated using the two-sample inverse-variance weighted model. RESULTS: Although not reaching the conventional threshold for statistical significance, genetically-proxied BB was associated with reduced risk of pre-eclampsia (OR per 10 mmHg SBP reduction 0.27, 95%CI 0.06-1.19, p = 0.08) and increased risk of gestational diabetes (OR per 10 mmHg SBP reduction 2.01, 95%CI 0.91-4.42, p = 0.08), and significantly associated with lower birthweight of first child (beta per 10 mmHg SBP reduction - 0.27, 95%CI - 0.39 to - 0.15, p = 1.90 × 10-5). Genetically-proxied CCB was associated with reduced risk of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (OR 0.62, 95%CI 0.43-0.89, p = 9.33 × 10-3), and was not associated with gestational diabetes (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.76-1.45, p = 0.76) or changes in birthweight of first child (beta per 10 mmHg SBP reduction 0.02, 95%CI - 0.04-0.07, p = 0.54). CONCLUSIONS: While BB and CCB antihypertensive drugs may both be efficacious for lowering blood pressure in pregnancy, this genetic evidence suggests that BB use may lower birthweight. Conversely, CCB use may reduce risk of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia without impacting gestational diabetes risk or birthweight. These data support further study on the effects of BBs on birthweight.
Multipath Correlation Interference and Controlled-NOT Gate Simulation with a Thermal Source
Creators: name: Tamma, Vincenzo
name: Seiler, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically demonstrate a counter-intuitive phenomenon in optical interferometry with a thermal source: the emergence of second-order interference between two pairs of correlated optical paths even if the time delay imprinted by each path in one pair with respect to each path in the other pair is much larger than the source coherence time. This fundamental effect could be useful for experimental simulations of small-scale quantum circuits and of $100\%$-visibility correlations typical of entangled states of a large number of qubits, with possible applications in high-precision metrology and imaging. As an example, we demonstrate the polarization-encoded simulation of the operation of the quantum logic gate known as controlled-NOT gate.
description: New Journal of Physics (Fast Track Communication, in press, 6 pages, 3 figures)
Superconductivity in the medium-entropy alloy TiVNbTa with a body-centered cubic structure
Creators: name: Li, Kuan
name: Hu, Xunwu
name: Guo, Ruixin
name: Jiang, Wenrui
name: Zeng, Lingyong
name: Li, Longfu
name: Yu, Peifeng
name: Wang, Kangwang
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Guo, Shu
name: Zhong, Ruidan
name: Xie, Tao
name: Yao, DaoXin
name: Luo, Huixia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the TiVNbTa medium-entropy alloy (MEA) superconductor with the mixed 3d - 5d elements synthesized by an arc-melting method. The TiVNbTa material has a body-centered cubic structure. The superconducting properties of TiVNbTa were studied by resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat measurements. The experimental results show that the bulk superconducting phase transition temperature of TiVNbTa is about 4.65 K, and the upper and lower critical fields are 49.3(4) mT and 5.9(5) T, respectively, which indicates TiVNbTa is a type-II superconductor. First-principles calculations show that the d electrons of Ti, V, Nb, and Ta atoms play a significant role near the Fermi level. The results show TiVNbTa is a traditional s-wave superconductor.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures