cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MM-SHAP: A Performance-agnostic Metric for Measuring Multimodal Contributions in Vision and Language Models & Tasks
Creators: name: Parcalabescu, Letitia
name: Frank, Anette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7; I.2.10
subject: 68Txx

description: Vision and language models (VL) are known to exploit unrobust indicators in individual modalities (e.g., introduced by distributional biases) instead of focusing on relevant information in each modality. That a unimodal model achieves similar accuracy on a VL task to a multimodal one, indicates that so-called unimodal collapse occurred. However, accuracy-based tests fail to detect e.g., when the model prediction is wrong, while the model used relevant information from a modality. Instead, we propose MM-SHAP, a performance-agnostic multimodality score based on Shapley values that reliably quantifies in which proportions a multimodal model uses individual modalities. We apply MM-SHAP in two ways: (1) to compare models for their average degree of multimodality, and (2) to measure for individual models the contribution of individual modalities for different tasks and datasets. Experiments with six VL models -- LXMERT, CLIP and four ALBEF variants -- on four VL tasks highlight that unimodal collapse can occur to different degrees and in different directions, contradicting the wide-spread assumption that unimodal collapse is one-sided. Based on our results, we recommend MM-SHAP for analysing multimodal tasks, to diagnose and guide progress towards multimodal integration. Code available at \url{https://github.com/Heidelberg-NLP/MM-SHAP}.
description: Published at ACL 2023 Main (Toronto); 10 pages, 14 appendix pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
Maximal subgroups of amalgams of finite inverse semigroups
Creators: name: Cherubini, Alessandra
name: Jajcayova, Tatiana B.
name: Rodaro, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M18, 20M10

description: We use the description of the Schutzenberger automata for amalgams of finite inverse semigroups given by Cherubini, Meakin, Piochi to obtain structural results for such amalgams. Schutzenberger automata, in the case of amalgams of finite inverse semigroups, are automata with special structure possessing finite subgraphs, that contain all essential information related to the whole automaton. Using this crucial fact, and the Bass-Serre theory, we show that the maximal subgroups of an amalgamated free-product are either isomorphic to certain subgroups of the original semigroups or can be described as fundamental groups of particular finite graphs of groups build from the maximal subgroups of the original semigroups.
description: 30 pages
Two-dimensional visualization of cluster beams by microchannel plates
Creators: name: Khoukaz, Alfons
name: Bonaventura, Daniel
name: Grieser, Silke
name: Hergemöller, Ann-Katrin
name: Köhler, Esperanza
name: Täschner, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An advanced technique for a two-dimensional real time visualization of cluster beams in vacuum as well as of the overlap volume of cluster beams with particle accelerator beams is presented. The detection system consists of an array of microchannel plates (MCP) in combination with a phosphor screen which is read out by a CCD camera. This setup together with the ionization of a cluster beam by an electron or ion beam allows for spatial resolved investigations of the cluster beam position, size, and intensity. Moreover, since electrically uncharged clusters remain undetected, the operation in an internal beam experiment opens the way to monitor the overlap region and thus the position and size of an accelerator beam crossing an originally electrically neutral cluster jet. The observed intensity distribution of the recorded image is directly proportional to the convolution of the spatial ion beam and cluster beam intensities and is by this a direct measure of the two-dimensional luminosity distribution. This information can directly be used for the reconstruction of vertex positions as well as for an input for numerical simulations of the reaction zone. The spatial resolution of the images are dominated by the granularity of the complete MCP device and was found to be in the order of σ~100 μm.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. Meth. A
Thermal conductivity of anisotropic spin - 1/2 two leg ladder:Green's function approach
Creators: name: Rezania, Hamed
name: Langari, Abdollah
name: van Loosdrecht, Paul H. M.
name: Zotos, Xenophon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermal transport of a spin-1/2 two leg antiferromagnetic ladder in the direction of legs. The possible effect of spin-orbit coupling and crystalline electric field are investigated in terms of anisotropies in the Heisenberg interactions on both leg and rung couplings. The original spin ladder is mapped to a bosonic model via a bond-operator transformation where an infinite hard-core repulsion is imposed to constrain one boson occupation per site. The Green's function approach is applied to obtain the energy spectrum of quasi-particle excitations responsible for thermal transport. The thermal conductivity is found to be monotonically decreasing with temperature due to increased scattering among triplet excitations at higher temperatures. A tiny dependence of thermal transport on the anisotropy in the leg direction at low temperatures is observed in contrast to the strong one on the anisotropy along the rung direction, due to the direct effect of the triplet density. Our results reach asymptotically the ballistic regime of the spin - 1/2 Heisenberg chain and compare favorably well with exact diagonalization data.
A Novel Plate Tectonic Scenario for the Genesis and Sealing of Some Major Mesozoic Oil Fields
Creators: name: Muttoni, Giovanni
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Intertropical convergence zone
Petroleum reserves
Plate tectonics--Research
Jurassic Geologic Period
Continents
Geodynamics

description: Recent research reveals evidence of a major event of global plate motion during the Jurassic, with a magnitude and tempo hitherto not fully appreciated. Yet, its legacy persists today as the potent Jurassic source-reservoir-seal oil systems in the Persian Gulf region. We suggest that these formed as a consequence of a sweeping tectonic movement whereby Arabia drifted rapidly from the oil- forming Intertropical Convergence Zone along the equator to the arid tropics of the southern hemisphere with rapid deposition of relatively uncemented carbonate reservoirs and anhydrite seals, all during as little as 15 m.y. in the Late Jurassic. The Ghawar super- giant oil field of Saudi Arabia was one of the results. Rapid latitu- dinal change may have influenced the development of some source-reservoir-seal oil systems elsewhere as well.
Modified Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac statistics if excitations are localized on an intermediate length scale: Application to non-Debye specific heat
Creators: name: Chamberlin, Ralph V.
name: Davis, Bryce F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disordered systems show deviations from the standard Debye theory of specific heat at low temperatures. These deviations are often attributed to two-level systems of uncertain origin. We find that a source of excess specific heat comes from correlations between quanta of energy if phonon-like excitations are localized on an intermediate length scale. We use simulations of a simplified Creutz model for a system of Ising-like spins coupled to a thermal bath of Einstein-like oscillators. One feature of this model is that energy is quantized in both the system and its bath, ensuring conservation of energy at every step. Another feature is that the exact entropies of both the system and its bath are known at every step, so that their temperatures can be determined independently. We find that there is a mismatch in canonical temperature between the system and its bath. In addition to the usual finite-size effects in the Bose-Einstein and Fermi-Dirac distributions, if excitations in the heat bath are localized on an intermediate length scale, this mismatch is independent of system size up to at least 10^6 particles. We use a model for correlations between quanta of energy to adjust the statistical distributions and yield a thermodynamically consistent temperature. The model includes a chemical potential for units of energy, as is often used for other types of particles that are quantized and conserved. Experimental evidence for this model comes from its ability to characterize the excess specific heat of imperfect crystals at low temperatures.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Pelophryne rhopophilius Inger & Stuebing 1996
Creators: name: Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó
name: Van, Lars W.
name: Ostende, Den Hoek
name: Arntzen, Jan Willem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Bufonidae
Pelophryne
Pelophryne rhopophilius

description: Pelophryne rhopophilius Inger & Stuebing, 1996
Inger & Stuebing, 1996. Raffles Bull. Zool., 44: 547; fig. 3.
Paratype: RMNH 14555, 1 spec. Loc.: “Mt. Damus (1200 m), Sambas, West Kalimantan” [Indonesia]. Leg.: H. Hallier.
 Remarks. The holotype and paratypes are in the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago (FMNH 252422, and FMNH 252423-24, respectively).
description: Published as part of Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó, Van, Lars W., Ostende, Den Hoek & Arntzen, Jan Willem, 2007, Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 25-68 in Zootaxa 1482 on page 51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176896
Concave Penalized Estimation of Sparse Gaussian Bayesian Networks
Creators: name: Aragam, Bryon
name: Zhou, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a penalized likelihood estimation framework to estimate the structure of Gaussian Bayesian networks from observational data. In contrast to recent methods which accelerate the learning problem by restricting the search space, our main contribution is a fast algorithm for score-based structure learning which does not restrict the search space in any way and works on high-dimensional datasets with thousands of variables. Our use of concave regularization, as opposed to the more popular $\ell_0$ (e.g. BIC) penalty, is new. Moreover, we provide theoretical guarantees which generalize existing asymptotic results when the underlying distribution is Gaussian. Most notably, our framework does not require the existence of a so-called faithful DAG representation, and as a result the theory must handle the inherent nonidentifiability of the estimation problem in a novel way. Finally, as a matter of independent interest, we provide a comprehensive comparison of our approach to several standard structure learning methods using open-source packages developed for the R language. Based on these experiments, we show that our algorithm is significantly faster than other competing methods while obtaining higher sensitivity with comparable false discovery rates for high-dimensional data. In particular, the total runtime for our method to generate a solution path of 20 estimates for DAGs with 8000 nodes is around one hour.
description: 57 pages
A method for calculating spectral statistics based on random-matrix universality with an application to the three-point correlations of the Riemann zeros
Creators: name: Bogomolny, E.
name: Keating, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We illustrate a general method for calculating spectral statistics that combines the universal (Random Matrix Theory limit) and the non-universal (trace-formula-related) contributions by giving a heuristic derivation of the three-point correlation function for the zeros of the Riemann zeta function. The main idea is to construct a generalized Hermitian random matrix ensemble whose mean eigenvalue density coincides with a large but finite portion of the actual density of the spectrum or the Riemann zeros. Averaging the random matrix result over remaining oscillatory terms related, in the case of the zeta function, to small primes leads to a formula for the three-point correlation function that is in agreement with results from other heuristic methods. This provides support for these different methods. The advantage of the approach we set out here is that it incorporates the determinental structure of the Random Matrix limit.
description: 22 pages
title: Quantification of Papillary Muscle Motion and Mitral Regurgitation After Myocardial Infarction
Creators: name: Ferguson, Connor R
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Change in papillary muscle motion as a result of left ventricular (LV) remodeling after posterolateral myocardial infarction is thought to contribute to ischemic mitral regurgitation. A finite element (FE) model of the LV was created from magnetic resonance images acquired immediately before myocardial infarction and 8 weeks later in a cohort of 12 sheep. Severity of mitral regurgitation was rated by two-dimensional echocardiography and regurgitant volume was estimated using MRI. Of the cohort, 6 animals (DC) received hydrogel injection therapy shown to limit ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction while the control group (MI) received a similar pattern of saline injections. LV pressure was determined by direct invasive measurement and volume was estimated from MRI. FE models of the LV for each animal included both healthy and infarct tissue regions as well as a simulated hydrogel injection pattern for the DC group. Constitutive model material parameters for each region in the FE model were assigned based on results from previous research. Invasive LV pressure measurements at end diastole and end systole were used as boundary conditions to drive model simulations for each animal. Passive stiffness (C) and active material parameter (Tmax) were adjusted to match MRI estimations of LV volume at end systole and end diastole. Nodal positions of the chordae tendineae (CT) were determined by measurements obtained from the excised heart of each animal at the terminal timepoint. Changes in CT nodal displacements between end systole and end diastole at 0 and 8-week timepoints were used to investigate the potential contribution of changes in papillary muscle motion to the progression of ischemic mitral regurgitation after myocardial infarction. Nodal displacements were broken down into radial, circumferential, and longitudinal components relative to the anatomy of the individual animal model. Model results highlighted an outward radial movement in the infarct region after 8 weeks in untreated animals, while radial direction of motion observed in the treated animal group was preserved relative to baseline. Circumferential displacement decreased in the remote region in the untreated animal group after 8 weeks but was preserved relative to baseline in the treated animal group. MRI estimates of regurgitant volume increased significantly in the untreated animal group after 8 weeks but did not increase in the treated group. The results of this analysis suggest that hydrogel injection treatment may serve to limit changes in papillary muscle motion and severity of mitral regurgitation after posterolateral myocardial infarction.
description: Copyright © Connor Randolph Ferguson 2019
description: This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants R01 HL063954 (R. Gorman) and U01 HL133359 (J. Wenk).
title: The Redesigned Vortecone
title: A Maintenance-Free Wet Scrubber Device
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Taylor, Allison
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Dust creates health and safety issues in mining and there are several different ways to reduce the amount of respirable dust created. Dust particles also affect the operation and efficiency of mining equipment. One device currently used to reduce dust in a coal mine is a flooded-bed dust scrubber. These type of scrubbers are found on continuous miners and are designed to capture dust particles close to the cutting head. However, the fibrous screens on the flooded-bed dust scrubber clog easily reducing both production and the quality and quantity of air miners are exposed too. The flooded-bed dust scrubber was designed in the 1980s and has not seen any significant changes since. A Vortecone is a wet scrubber system designed to capture small particles in the air and can easily replace the flooded-bed dust scrubber system on a continuous miner. The Vortecone was initially developed to capture over-sprayed paint particles and due to the capture ability was converted over into the mining industry. The first design of the Vortecone had two outlets and a large pressure drop across the system. The Vortecone was redesigned to have one outlet in order to increase confinement time of particles and thus increase the capture abilities. Using CFD analysis and laboratory testing, the redesigned Vortecone has been proven to have a lower resistance than the original design as well as the currently used convention screens. The Vortecone also proved to have a high capture efficiency at high airflows. This maintenance-free wet scrubber device requires much less maintenance than a conventional screen and thus can be used continually without interrupting production. The Vortecone has been designed so it can easily be mounted onto a continuous miner in place of the currently used scrubbers.
description: Copyright © Allison Taylor 2019
description: Funding information: National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) contract no. 200-2014-59922.
Full scale, microscopically resolved tomographies of sandstone and carbonate rocks augmented by experimental porosity and permeability values
Creators: name: Ferreira, Matheus Esteves
name: Del Grande, Mariana
name: Ferreira, Rodrigo Neumann Barros
name: da Silva, Ademir Ferreira
name: da Silva, Márcio Nogueira Pereira
name: Tirapu-Azpiroz, Jaione
name: Lucas-Oliveira, Everton
name: Ferreira, Arthur Gustavo de Araújo
name: Soares, Renato
name: Eckardt, Christian B.
name: Bonagamba, Tito J
name: Steiner, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a dataset containing full-scale, 3D images of rock plugs augmented by petrophysical lab characterization data for application in digital rock and capillary network analysis. Specifically, we have acquired microscopically resolved tomography datasets of 18 cylindrical sandstone and carbonate rock samples having lengths of 25.4 mm and diameters of 9.5 mm, respectively. Based on the micro-tomography data, we have computed porosity-values for each imaged rock sample. For validating the computed porosity values with a complementary lab method, we have measured porosity for each rock sample by using standard petrophysical characterization techniques. Overall, the tomography-based porosity values agree with the measurement results obtained from the lab, with values ranging from 8% to 30%. In addition, we provide for each rock sample the experimental permeabilities, with values ranging from 0.4 mD to above 5D. This dataset will be essential for establishing, benchmarking, and referencing the relation between porosity and permeability of reservoir rock at pore scale.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
Understanding Pacific Ocean influence on interannual precipitation variability in the Sahel
Creators: name: Pomposi, Catherine Ann
name: Giannini, Alessandra
name: Kushnir, Yochanan
name: Lee, Dong Eun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Subsidences (Earth movements)
subject: Long-range weather forecasting
subject: Precipitation variability
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Moisture budget decomposition is performed for the Sahel (10°–20°N and 20°W–40°E) in order to understand the processes that govern regional hydroclimate variability on interannual time scales and frame them in the context of their primary ocean driver. Results show that warm conditions in the Eastern Tropical Pacific remotely force anomalously dry conditions primarily through affecting the low-troposphere mass divergence field. This behavior is related to increased subsidence over the tropical Atlantic and into the Sahel and an anomalous westward flow of moisture from the continent, both resulting in a coherent drying pattern. Understanding the physical processes relating remote sea surface temperature anomalies to atmospheric circulation changes and the resulting complex local convergence patterns is important for advancing seasonal prediction of precipitation over West Africa.
Probing many-body interactions in an optical lattice clock
Creators: name: Rey, A. M.
name: Gorshkov, A. V.
name: Kraus, C. V.
name: Martin, M. J.
name: Bishof, M.
name: Swallows, M. D.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Benko, C.
name: Ye, J.
name: Lemke, N. D.
name: Ludlow, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a unifying theoretical framework that describes recently observed many-body effects during the interrogation of an optical lattice clock operated with thousands of fermionic alkaline earth atoms. The framework is based on a many-body master equation that accounts for the interplay between elastic and inelastic p-wave and s-wave interactions, finite temperature effects and excitation inhomogeneity during the quantum dynamics of the interrogated atoms. Solutions of the master equation in different parameter regimes are presented and compared. It is shown that a general solution can be obtained by using the so called Truncated Wigner Approximation which is applied in our case in the context of an open quantum system. We use the developed framework to model the density shift and decay of the fringes observed during Ramsey spectroscopy in the JILA 87Sr and NIST 171Yb optical lattice clocks. The developed framework opens a suitable path for dealing with a variety of strongly-correlated and driven open-quantum spin systems.
description: 36 pages, 19 figures
Ichthyophis atricollaris Taylor 1965
Creators: name: Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó
name: Van, Lars W.
name: Ostende, Den Hoek
name: Arntzen, Jan Willem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Gymnophiona
Ichthyophiidae
Ichthyophis
Ichthyophis atricollaris

description: Ichthyophis atricollaris Taylor, 1965
Taylor, 1965. Kansas Univ. Sci. Bull., 46: 267; figs. 5, 6.
Holotype: RMNH 10684, 1 spec. Loc.: “Long Bloee, Boven Mahakkam, Borneo” [Indonesia]. Leg.: A.W. Nieuwenhuis.
Paratypes: RMNH 6912 D, 1 spec. Loc.: “Boven Mahakkam, Borneo” [Indonesia]. Leg.: A.W. Nieuwenhuis.
RMNH 10685, 1 spec. Loc.: Balik Papan, Borneo. Leg.: Lampmeinert.
 Remarks. The locality given by Taylor (1965: 267) for RMNH 10685 (“Long Bloee, Boven Mahakkam, Borneo”) is not consistent with the locality on the jar label nor with the RMNH records. According to these, the locality for RMNH 10685 is “Balik Papan, Borneo” [Balikpapan, Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia].
description: Published as part of Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó, Van, Lars W., Ostende, Den Hoek & Arntzen, Jan Willem, 2007, Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 25-68 in Zootaxa 1482 on page 47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176896
Interocean Exchange of Thermocline Water
Creators: name: Gordon, Arnold L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1986
Subjects: Oceanic mixing
Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Ocean circulation
Hydrology

description: Formation of North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) represents a transfer of upper layer water to abyssal depths at a rate of 15 to 20 × 106 m3/s. NADW spreads throughout the Atlantic Ocean and is exported to the Indian and Pacific Oceans by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current and deep western boundary currents. Naturally, there must be a compensating flow of upper layer water toward the northern North Atlantic to feed NADW production. It is proposed that this return flow is accomplished primarily within the ocean's warm water thermocline layer. In this way the main thermoclines of the ocean are linked as they participate in a thermohaline-driven global scale circulation cell associated with NADW formation. The path of the return flow of warm water is as follows: Pacific to Indian flow within the Indonesian Seas, advection across the Indian Ocean in the 10°–15°S latitude belt, southward transfer in the Mozambique Channel, entry into the South Atlantic by a branch of the Agulhas Current that does not complete the retroflection pattern, northward advection within the subtropical gyre of the South Atlantic (which on balance with the southward flux of colder North Atlantic Deep Water supports the northward oceanic heat flux characteristic of the South Atlantic), and cross-equatorial flow into the western North Atlantic. The magnitude of the return flow increases along its path as more NADW is incorporated into the upper layer of the ocean. Additionally, the water mass characteristics of the return flow are gradually altered by regional ocean-atmosphere interaction and mixing processes. Within the Indonesian seas there is evidence of strong vertical mixing across the thermocline. The cold water route, Pacific to Atlantic transport of Subantarctic water within the Drake Passage, is of secondary importance, amounting to perhaps 25% of the warm water route transport. The continuity or vigor of the warm water route is vulnerable to change not only as the thermohaline forcing in the northern North Atlantic varies but also as the larger-scale wind-driven circulation factors vary. The interocean links within the Indonesian seas and at the Agulhas retroflection may be particularly responsive to such variability. Changes in the warm water route continuity may in turn influence formation characteristics of NADW.
Transmission eigenvalue-free regions
Creators: name: Vodev, Georgi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain large regions free of eigenvalues of the interior transmission problem.
description: 25 pages, some corrections are made
Lechriodus aganoposis Zweifel 1972
Creators: name: Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó
name: Van, Lars W.
name: Ostende, Den Hoek
name: Arntzen, Jan Willem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Limnodynastidae
Lechriodus
Lechriodus aganoposis

description: Lechriodus aganoposis Zweifel, 1972
Zweifel, 1972b. Am. Mus. Novit., 2507: 9.
Paratypes: RMNH 17005, 1 spec. Loc.: “West Mt. Antares, 20 km W Sibil (Mabilibol), West Irian” [Indonesia]. Leg.: Nederlandse Nieuw Guinea Expeditie, 1959.
RMNH 17006 A-D, 4 spec. Loc.: “Sibil, Star Mountains, West Irian” [Indonesia]. Leg.: Nederlandse Nieuw Guinea Expeditie, 1959.
RMNH 17007, 1 spec. Loc.: “probably Katem, 20 km S. and 20 km E. Sibil, Star Mountains, West Irian” [Indonesia]. Leg.: Nederlandse Nieuw Guinea Expeditie, 1959.
 Remarks. The holotype (AMNH 75791) is in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.
description: Published as part of Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó, Van, Lars W., Ostende, Den Hoek & Arntzen, Jan Willem, 2007, Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 25-68 in Zootaxa 1482 on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176896
A High Availability Management Model based on VM Significance Ranking and Resource Estimation for Cloud Applications
Creators: name: Saxena, Deepika
name: Singh, Ashutosh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Massive upsurge in cloud resource usage stave off service availability resulting into outages, resource contention, and excessive power-consumption. The existing approaches have addressed this challenge by providing multi-cloud, VM migration, and running multiple replicas of each VM which accounts for high expenses of cloud data centre (CDC). In this context, a novel VM Significance Ranking and Resource Estimation based High Availability Management (SRE-HM) Model is proposed to enhance service availability for users with optimized cost for CDC. The model estimates resource contention based server failure and organises needed resources beforehand for maintaining desired level of service availability. A significance ranking parameter is introduced and computed for each VM, executing critical or non-critical tasks followed by the selection of an admissible High Availability (HA) strategy respective to its significance and user specified constraints. It enables cost optimization for CDC by rendering failure tolerance strategies for significant VMs only instead of all the VMs. The proposed model is evaluated and compared against state-of-the-arts by executing experiments using Google Cluster dataset. SRE-HM improved the services availability up to 19.56% and scales down the number of active servers and power-consumption up to 26.67% and 19.1%, respectively over HA without SRE-HM.
Entanglement witnessing with untrusted detectors
Creators: name: Viola, Giuseppe
name: Miklin, Nikolai
name: Gachechiladze, Mariami
name: Pawłowski, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of entanglement detection in the presence of faulty, potentially malicious detectors. A common - and, as of yet, the only - approach to this problem is to perform a Bell test in order to identify nonlocality of the measured entangled state. However, there are two significant drawbacks in this approach: the requirement to exceed a critical, and often high, detection efficiency, and much lower noise tolerance. In this paper, we propose an alternative approach to this problem, which is resilient to the detection loophole and is based on the standard tool of entanglement witness. We discuss how the two main techniques to detection losses, namely the discard and assignment strategies, apply to entanglement witnessing. We demonstrate using the example of a two-qubit Bell state that the critical detection efficiency can be significantly reduced compared to the Bell test approach.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Seismic anisotropy in Eastern Tibet from shear wave splitting reveals changes in lithospheric deformation
Creators: name: Lev, Einat
name: Long, Maureen D.
name: Hilst, Rob D. Van Der
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Continental crust
subject: Geology, Structural
subject: Anisotropy
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Knowledge about seismic anisotropy can provide important insight into the deformation of the crust and upper mantle beneath tectonically active regions. Here we focus on the southeastern part of the Tibetan plateau, in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, SW China. We measured shear wave splitting of core-refracted phases (SKS and SKKS) at a temporary array of 25 IRIS-PASSCAL stations. We calculated splitting parameters using a multi-channel and a single-record cross-correlation method. Multiple layers of anisotropy cannot be ruled out but are not required by the data. A Fresnel zone analysis suggests that the shallow mantle (between 60 and 160 km depth) is the most likely source of anisotropy. The polarization directions reveal a pronounced transition from primarily north–south in the north (Sichuan) to mostly east–west orientations in the south (Yunnan). In the southern part of the study region, that is, south of ~26°N, the fast polarization directions do not correlate well with known surface features and geodetic estimates of the crustal displacement fields. Whereas GPS campaigns provide evidence suggesting north–south crustal flow across the Red River Fault, the pattern of anisotropy argues against such flow in the upper mantle. These observations support models that allow differential movement of upper crust relative to lithospheric mantle. In the northern part of the study region the relationships are more ambiguous and coherent deformation of the crust and mantle lithosphere cannot be excluded. The interpretation of the shear wave splitting results is non-unique, but we suggest that the observed N–S transition reflects a fundamental change in deformation regime across our study region. It may be related to lateral variations in lithospheric rheology, or may mark a transition from the direct impact of the continental collision to dominance of the far-field strain field associated with regional subduction processes. Understanding the nature of the lateral change in deformation regime may prove critical for our understanding the geotectonic evolution of (eastern) Tibet.
Invariant hypersurfaces of endomorphisms of projective varieties
Creators: name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E20, 14J45, 37F10, 32H50

description: We consider surjective endomorphisms f of degree > 1 on projective manifolds X of Picard number one and their f^{-1}-stable hypersurfaces V, and show that V is rationally chain connected. Also given is an optimal upper bound for the number of f^{-1}-stable prime divisors on (not necessarily smooth) projective varieties.
description: Advances in Mathematics (to appear)
The role of permanently resident populations in the two-patches SIR model with commuters
Creators: name: Rapaport, Alain
name: Mimouni, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a two-patches SIR model where communication occurs thru commuters, distinguishing explicitly permanently resident populations from commuters populations. We give an explicit formula of the reproduction number, and show how the proportions of permanently resident populations impact it. We exhibit non-intuitive situations for which allowing commuting from a safe territory to another one where the transmission rate is higher can reduce the overall epidemic threshold and avoid an outbreak.
Freudenlied über die glückselige Verehelichung unsers theuersten Landesvaters Carl Theodor zum Trost seiner Baiern; 1795
Creators: name: Karl Theodor Pfalz, Kurfürst
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2009

description: In Fraktur
3D Cosmic Shear: Cosmology from CFHTLenS
Creators: name: Kitching, T. D.
name: Heavens, A. F.
name: Alsing, J.
name: Erben, T.
name: Heymans, C.
name: Hildebrandt, H.
name: Hoekstra, H.
name: Jaffe, A.
name: Kiessling, A.
name: Mellier, Y.
name: Miller, L.
name: van Waerbeke, L.
name: Benjamin, J.
name: Coupon, J.
name: Fu, L.
name: Hudson, M. J.
name: Kilbinger, M.
name: Kuijken, K.
name: Rowe, B. T. P.
name: Schrabback, T.
name: Semboloni, E.
name: Velander, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the first application of 3D cosmic shear to a wide-field weak lensing survey. 3D cosmic shear is a technique that analyses weak lensing in three dimensions using a spherical harmonic approach, and does not bin data in the redshift direction. This is applied to CFHTLenS, a 154 square degree imaging survey with a median redshift of 0.7 and an effective number density of 11 galaxies per square arcminute usable for weak lensing. To account for survey masks we apply a 3D pseudo-Cl approach on weak lensing data, and to avoid uncertainties in the highly non-linear regime, we separately analyse radial wave numbers k<=1.5h/Mpc and k<=5.0h/Mpc, and angular wavenumbers l~400-5000. We show how one can recover 2D and tomographic power spectra from the full 3D cosmic shear power spectra and present a measurement of the 2D cosmic shear power spectrum, and measurements of a set of 2-bin and 6-bin cosmic shear tomographic power spectra; in doing so we find that using the 3D power in the calculation of such 2D and tomographic power spectra from data naturally accounts for a minimum scale in the matter power spectrum. We use 3D cosmic shear to constrain cosmologies with parameters OmegaM, OmegaB, sigma8, h, ns, w0, wa. For a non-evolving dark energy equation of state, and assuming a flat cosmology, lensing combined with WMAP7 results in h=0.78+/-0.12, OmegaM=0.252+/-0.079, sigma8=0.88+/-0.23 and w=-1.16+/-0.38 using only scales k<=1.5h/Mpc. We also present results of lensing combined with first year Planck results, where we find no tension with the results from this analysis, but we also find no significant improvement over the Planck results alone. We find evidence of a suppression of power compared to LCDM on small scales 1.5 < k < 5.0 h/Mpc in the lensing data, which is consistent with predictions of the effect of baryonic feedback on the matter power spectrum.
description: Full journal article here http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/442/2/1326.full.pdf+html
Things Little Ears Might Not Want to Hear: Disgust Rhetoric and Conservative Sex Education Discourse
Creators: name: Thacker, Mia
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Discourse Analysis
subject: Disgust
subject: Affect Theory
subject: Podcasting

description: Utilizing discourse analysis, this research examines how conservative podcasters in the U.S. engage in sex education discourses. Specifically, the study examines how podcasters tap into deep-seated feelings of bodily and moral disgust by evoking imagery of pedophiles and groomers, while utilizing visceral language concerning children's bodies. At the core of podcasters' discourse lies a belief in the inherent and universal non-agency of children, fostering a paradigm that frames sexual knowledge itself as a contaminant capable of disrupting the established order of childhood. These assertions are used to prop up a vision of a social order premised on the superiority of cis-heterosexuality and the non-recognition of minoritarian sexuality. Given that podcasters’ discourses are premised on normative judgements about the nature of queerness, sexual knowledge and childhood, this article suggests that sex education and queer activists move away from empiricist appeals towards our own set of normative challenges to the inferiority of queerness, the danger of sexual knowledge, and the total non-agency of children.
Mediterranean climate future: an insightful look into the Basin's precipitation response to greenhouse gas forcing
Creators: name: Kushnir, Yochanan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Mediterranean climate
Precipitation (Meteorology)
Greenhouse gases
Climatic changes
Environmental sciences

description: In a new investigation of model projections of greenhouse gas warming impact on the Mediterranean, Zappa et al (2015 Environ. Res. Lett. 10 104012) find that the decline in basin-wide precipitation scales linearly with the strength of the 850 hPa zonal wind over North Africa. This result supports previous findings that climate change will affect the Mediterranean primarily through changing the regional atmospheric circulation. The results of this study may guide improvements of climate models to better simulate the impact of greenhouse gas warming in this critical world region.
Business-cycles and Cash-on-Market: Pre-money Startup Valuation in the Macroeconomic Environment
Creators: name: Berre, Max
name: Pendeven, Benjamin Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: How do business-cycles impact startup-valuations? While several studies explore VC startupecosystems and pre-money valuations, relatively-few delve deeper into the role of macro-level economic factors in influencing those startup deals valuations. Using a dataset of 1,089 venturecapital investments in European Union and European Economic Area markets, this article examines macroeconomic, cyclical and macro-sectoral influences on VC startups pre-money VC valuations. Our findings show that business-cycles impact startup-valuation both directly and indirectly. Beyond DCF factors, startup-valuations are impacted via by business-cycles directly, and via local venture-capital market-size. By using a Structural Equation Model approach, our findings contribute to entrepreneurship and financial-intermediary literature by exploring indirect and endogenous relationship possibilities finding that most determinants are transmission-channels rather than independent drivers. Our findings effectively tie-together startup-valuations, intermediary markets, and macroeconomic determinants.
Production cross section measurements of radioactive isotopes by BigRIPS separator at RIKEN RI Beam Factory
Creators: name: Suzuki, H.
name: Kubo, T.
name: Fukuda, N.
name: Inabe, N.
name: Kameda, D.
name: Takeda, H.
name: Yoshida, K.
name: Kusaka, K.
name: Yanagisawa, Y.
name: Ohtake, M.
name: Sato, H.
name: Shimizu, Y.
name: Baba, H.
name: Kurokawa, M.
name: Ohnishi, T.
name: Tanaka, K.
name: Tarasov, O. B.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Morrissey, D. J.
name: Sherrill, B. M.
name: Ieki, K.
name: Murai, D.
name: Iwasa, N.
name: Chiba, A.
name: Ohkoda, Y.
name: Ideguchi, E.
name: Go, S.
name: Yokoyama, R.
name: Fujii, T.
name: Nishimura, D.
name: Nishibata, H.
name: Momota, S.
name: Lewitowicz, M.
name: DeFrance, G.
name: Celikovic, I.
name: Steiger, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the production rates and production cross sections for a variety of radioactive isotopes which were produced from 124Xe, 48Ca, and 238U beams at an energy of 345 MeV/nucleon using the BigRIPS separator at the RIKEN Nishina Center RI Beam Factory (RIBF). Proton-rich isotopes with atomic numbers Z = 40 to 52 and neutron-rich isotopes with Z = 5 to 16 were produced by projectile fragmentation of the 124Xe and 48Ca beam on Be targets, respectively. Neutron-rich isotopes with Z = 20 to 59 were produced by in-flight fission of the 238U beam, in which both Be and Pb were used as production targets. The measured production rates and production cross sections were compared with those of the LISE++ calculations, and overall fairly good agreement has been obtained. Furthermore, in the measurements with the 124Xe beam, we have discovered four new isotopes on the proton-drip line, 85,86Ru and 81,82Mo, and obtained the clear evidence that 103Sb is particle unbound with an upper limit of 49 ns for the half-life. The measurements of projectile-fragment momentum distributions have been also performed with the 124Xe beam, in which the low-momentum tails of the distributions have been measured for the first time at the energy of 345 MeV/nucleon.
Small Correlated Against Large Estimator (SCALE) for Cosmic Microwave Background Lensing
Creators: name: Chan, Victor C.
name: Hložek, Renée
name: Meyers, Joel
name: van Engelen, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) carries imprints of the physics operating at redshifts much lower than that of recombination and serves as an important probe of cosmological structure formation, dark matter physics, and the mass of neutrinos. Reconstruction of the CMB lensing deflection field through use of quadratic estimators has proven successful with existing data but is known to be sub-optimal on small angular scales ($\ell > 3000$) for experiments with low noise levels. Future experiments will provide better observations in this regime, but these techniques will remain statistically limited by their approximations. We show that correlations between fluctuations of the large-scale temperature gradient power of the CMB sourced by $\ell < 2000$, and fluctuations to the local small-scale temperature power reveal a lensing signal which is prominent in even the real-space pixel statistics across a CMB temperature map. We present the development of the Small Correlated Against Large Estimator (SCALE), a novel estimator for the CMB lensing spectrum which offers promising complementary analysis alongside other reconstruction techniques in this regime. The SCALE method computes correlations between both the large/small-scale temperature gradient power in harmonic space, and it is able to quantitatively recover unbiased statistics of the CMB lensing field without the need for map-level reconstruction. SCALE can outperform quadratic estimator signal-to-noise by a factor of up to 1.5 in current and upcoming experiments for CMB lensing power spectra $C_{6000
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables
Phrynomantis glandulosa Zweifel 1972
Creators: name: Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó
name: Van, Lars W.
name: Ostende, Den Hoek
name: Arntzen, Jan Willem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Microhylidae
Phrynomantis
Phrynomantis glandulosa

description: Phrynomantis glandulosa Zweifel, 1972
 Zweifel, 1972a. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 148: 469; fig. 29. Current name: Callulops glandulosus (Zweifel, 1972)
Holotype: RMNH 16667, 1 ɗ. Loc.: “Mt. Kerewa, 3340 m. (10.960 ft.), Southern Highlands District, Territory of Papua ” [Papua New Guinea]. Leg.: W. Vink.
description: Published as part of Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó, Van, Lars W., Ostende, Den Hoek & Arntzen, Jan Willem, 2007, Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 25-68 in Zootaxa 1482 on page 52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176896
Estimation of logistic regression parameters for complex survey data: a real data based simulation study
Creators: name: Iparragirre, Amaia
name: Barrio, Irantzu
name: Aramendi, Jorge
name: Arostegui, Inmaculada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62J12, 62P25, 62D05

description: In complex survey data, each sampled observation has assigned a sampling weight, indicating the number of units that it represents in the population. Whether sampling weights should or not be considered in the estimation process of model parameters is a question that still continues to generate much discussion among researchers in different fields. We aim to contribute to this debate by means of a real data based simulation study in the framework of logistic regression models. In order to study their performance, three methods have been considered for estimating the coefficients of the logistic regression model: a) the unweighted model, b) the weighted model, and c) the unweighted mixed model. The results suggest the use of the weighted logistic regression model, showing the importance of using sampling weights in the estimation of the model parameters.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures