cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Amazon rainforest dieback in CMIP6 models
Creators: name: Parry, Isobel
name: Ritchie, Paul
name: Cox, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amazon forest dieback is seen as a potential tipping point under climate change. These concerns are partly based-on an early coupled climate-carbon cycle simulation, that produced unusually strong drying and warming in Amazonia. In contrast, the 5th generation Earth System Models (CMIP5) produced few examples of Amazon dieback under climate change. Here we examine results from seven 6th generation models (CMIP6) which include vegetation dynamics, and in some cases interactive forest fires. Although these models typically project increases in area-mean forest carbon across Amazonia under CO2-induced climate change, five of the seven models also produce abrupt reductions in vegetation carbon which indicate localised dieback events. The Northern South America region (NSA), which contains most of the rainforest, is especially vulnerable in the models. These dieback events, some of which are mediated by fire, are preceded by an increase in the amplitude of the seasonal cycle in near surface temperature, which is consistent with more extreme dry seasons. Based-on the ensemble mean of the detected dieback events we estimate that 7 +/-5% of the NSA region will experience abrupt downward shifts in vegetation carbon per degree of global warming above 1.5 degrees.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Impact of nuclear effects in the measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters
Creators: name: Meloni, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years the experimental study of neutrino oscillations has much contributed to our knowledge of particle physics by establishing non vanishing neutrino masses and by measuring or constraining the corresponding mixing angles. Within the domain of neutrino oscillations, the main goal of the next generation of facilities is the measurement of the mixing angle theta13 and the observation of leptonic CP violation, for which we have no hints at the moment. We discuss more in detail how various models of neutrino-nucleus cross section affect the forecasted precision measurement of theta13 and the CP violating phase delta.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, contribution to NUFACT 11, XIIIth International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Super beams and Beta beams, 1-6 August 2011, CERN and University of Geneva (Submitted to IOP conference series)
Theoretical Spectra of Terrestrial Exoplanet Surfaces
Creators: name: Hu, Renyu
name: Ehlmann, Bethany L.
name: Seager, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spectra of airless rocky exoplanets with a theoretical framework that self-consistently treats reflection and thermal emission. We find that a silicate surface on an exoplanet is spectroscopically detectable via prominent Si-O features in the thermal emission bands of 7 - 13 μm and 15 - 25 μm. The variation of brightness temperature due to the silicate features can be up to 20 K for an airless Earth analog, and the silicate features are wide enough to be distinguished from atmospheric features with relatively high-resolution spectra. The surface characterization thus provides a method to unambiguously identify a rocky exoplanet. Furthermore, identification of specific rocky surface types is possible with the planet's reflectance spectrum in near-infrared broad bands. A key parameter to observe is the difference between K band and J band geometric albedos (A_g (K)-A_g (J)): A_g (K)-A_g (J) > 0.2 indicates that more than half of the planet's surface has abundant mafic minerals, such as olivine and pyroxene, in other words primary crust from a magma ocean or high-temperature lavas; A_g (K)-A_g (J) < -0.09 indicates that more than half of the planet's surface is covered or partially covered by water ice or hydrated silicates, implying extant or past water on its surface. Also, surface water ice can be specifically distinguished by an H-band geometric albedo lower than the J-band geometric albedo. The surface features can be distinguished from possible atmospheric features with molecule identification of atmospheric species by transmission spectroscopy. We therefore propose that mid-infrared spectroscopy of exoplanets may detect rocky surfaces, and near-infrared spectrophotometry may identify ultramafic surfaces, hydrated surfaces and water ice.
description: Accepted for publication on the ApJ
Tolerance of topological surface states towards magnetic moments: Fe on Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3
Creators: name: Scholz, M. R.
name: Sánchez-Barriga, J.
name: Marchenko, D.
name: Varykhalov, A.
name: Volykhov, A.
name: Yashina, L. V.
name: Rader, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators(1-8) are a novel form of matter which features metallic surface states with quasirelativistic dispersion similar to graphene(9). Unlike graphene, the locking of spin and momentum and the protection by time-reversal symmetry(1-8) open up tremendous additional possibilities for external control of transport properties(10-18). Here we show by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy that the topological sur-face states of Bi2Te3 and Bi2Se3 are stable against the deposition of Fe without opening a band gap. This stability extends to low submonolayer coverages meaning that the band gap reported recently(19) for Fe on Bi2Se3 is incorrect as well as to complete monolayers meaning that topological surface states can very well exist at interfaces with ferromagnets in future devices.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Nature Physics 22. July 2011
Asymptotic dynamics of higher-order lumps in the Davey-Stewartson II equation
Creators: name: Guo, Lijuan
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: He, Jingsong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35C08, 35Q51, 37K35, 37K40

description: A family of higher-order rational lumps on non-zero constant background of Davey-Stewartson (DS) II equation are investigated. These solutions have multiple peaks whose heights and trajectories are approximately given by asymptotical analysis. It is found that the heights are time-dependent and for large time they approach the same constant height value of the first-order fundamental lump. The resulting trajectories are considered and it is found that the scattering angle can assume arbitrary values in the interval of $(\fracπ{2}, π)$ which is markedly distinct from the necessary orthogonal scattering for the higher-order lumps on zero background. Additionally, it is illustrated that the higher-order lumps containing multi-peaked $n$-lumps can be regarded as a nonlinear superposition of $n$ first-order ones as $|t|\rightarrow\infty$.
description: 17 pages,10 figures
Terapixel imaging of cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Feng, Yu
name: Croft, Rupert A. C.
name: Di Matteo, Tiziana
name: Khandai, Nishikanta
name: Sargent, Randy
name: Nourbakhsh, Illah
name: Dille, Paul
name: Bartley, Chris
name: Springel, Volker
name: Jana, Anirban
name: Gardner, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The increasing size of cosmological simulations has led to the need for new visualization techniques. We focus on Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamical (SPH) simulations run with the GADGET code and describe methods for visually accessing the entire simulation at full resolution. The simulation snapshots are rastered and processed on supercomputers into images that are ready to be accessed through a web interface (GigaPan). This allows any scientist with a web-browser to interactively explore simulation datasets in both in spatial and temporal dimensions, datasets which in their native format can be hundreds of terabytes in size or more. We present two examples, the first a static terapixel image of the MassiveBlack simulation, a P-GADGET SPH simulation with 65 billion particles, and the second an interactively zoomable animation of a different simulation with more than one thousand frames, each a gigapixel in size. Both are available for public access through the GigaPan web interface. We also make our imaging software publicly available.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, Link to the Gigapan image: http://gigapan.org/gigapans/76215/ Link to the TimeMachine animation: http://timemachine.gigapan.org/wiki/Evolution_of_the_Universe Link to Gaepsi: http://web.phys.cmu.edu/~yfeng1/gaepsi
Verification of safety critical control policies using kernel methods
Creators: name: Vertovec, Nikolaus
name: Ober-Blöbaum, Sina
name: Margellos, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Hamilton-Jacobi reachability methods for safety-critical control have been well studied, but the safety guarantees derived rely on the accuracy of the numerical computation. Thus, it is crucial to understand and account for any inaccuracies that occur due to uncertainty in the underlying dynamics and environment as well as the induced numerical errors. To this end, we propose a framework for modeling the error of the value function inherent in Hamilton-Jacobi reachability using a Gaussian process. The derived safety controller can be used in conjuncture with arbitrary controllers to provide a safe hybrid control law. The marginal likelihood of the Gaussian process then provides a confidence metric used to determine switches between a least restrictive controller and a safety controller. We test both the prediction as well as the correction capabilities of the presented method in a classical pursuit-evasion example.
description: Paper published in 2022 European Control Conference (ECC), 6 pages, 4 figures
The SAGEX Review on Scattering Amplitudes, Chapter 11: Soft Theorems and Celestial Amplitudes
Creators: name: McLoughlin, Tristan
name: Puhm, Andrea
name: Raclariu, Ana-Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The soft limits of scattering amplitudes have been extensively studied due to their essential role in the computation of physical observables in collider physics. The universal factorisation that occurs in these kinematic limits has been shown to be related to conservation laws associated with asymptotic, or large, gauge symmetries. This connection has led to a deeper understanding of the symmetries of gauge and gravitational theories and to a reformulation of scattering amplitudes in a basis of boost eigenstates which makes manifest the two-dimensional global conformal symmetry of the celestial sphere. The recast, or celestial, amplitudes possess many of the properties of conformal field theory correlation functions which has suggested a path towards a holographic description of asymptotically flat spacetimes. In this review we consider these interconnected developments in our understanding of soft theorems, asymptotic symmetries and conformal field theory with a focus on the structure and symmetries of the celestial amplitudes and their holographic interpretation.
description: 49 pages, 3 figures, see also the overview article arXiv:2203.13011
Period--luminosity relation for persistent LMXBs in the near-infrared
Creators: name: Revnivtsev, M.
name: Zolotukhin, I.
name: Meshcheryakov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study relations between the X-ray luminosity, orbital period and absolute near-infrared magnitude of persistent low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). We show that often optical and near-infrared spectral energy distribution of LMXBs can be adequately described by a simple model of an accretion disc and a secondary star reprocessing X-ray emission of a central compact object. This gives us an evidence that using an X-ray luminosity and an absolute infrared magnitude of a persistent LMXB one can make reliable estimate of its orbital period. Using a sample of well-known LMXBs, we have constructed a correlation of L_X, P_orb and M_K values which can be approximated by a straight line with the RMS scatter at the level of ~0.3 mag. Such a correlation, being to some extent an analogous to the correlation, found by van Paradijs & McClintock 1994, might be helpful for future population studies especially in the light of forthcoming surveys of the Galaxy in X-ray and infrared spectral domains.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Beskrivelse over finmarkens lapper
Creators: name: Leem, Knud
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1760

description: Trykt i København i 1767 under tittel: Beskrivelse over Finmarkens Lapper. Ikke tatt med i den trykte utgaven: kap. 1 (Om Finmarkens Situation), kap. 2 (Om Finmarkens beboede Stæder), kap. 5 (Om Finmarkens Frugter, Urter, Blomster og Træer), kap. 7 (Om Politie-Væsenet), kap. 8 (Om Finmarkens Negotie). Kap. 7 og 8 er trykt i Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs skrifter i det 19. Aarhundrede bd 6, Trondhjem 1870, s. 181-240.
Simulation Based Inference for Efficient Theory Space Sampling: an Application to Supersymmetric Explanations of the Anomalous Muon (g-2)
Creators: name: Morrison, Logan
name: Profumo, Stefano
name: Smyth, Nolan
name: Tamanas, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the purpose of minimizing the number of sample model evaluations, we propose and study algorithms that utilize (sequential) versions of likelihood-to-evidence ratio neural estimation.We apply our algorithms to a supersymmetric interpretation of the anomalous muon magnetic dipole moment in the context of a phenomenological minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model, and recover non-trivial models in an experimentally-constrained theory space. Finally we summarize further potential possible uses of these algorithms in future studies.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Classical mass inflation vs semiclassical inner horizon inflation
Creators: name: Barceló, Carlos
name: Boyanov, Valentin
name: Carballo-Rubio, Raúl
name: Garay, Luis J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the geometry of a spherically symmetric black hole with an inner and outer apparent horizon which is perturbed by spherical null shells of matter. On a classical level we observe that the mass inflation instability is triggered, resulting in a growth of curvature and an inward displacement of the inner horizon. We study in detail the inner structure of the mass-inflated region and compare it with previous results obtained for the case in which the perturbing matter content has a continuous distribution. We then perform an approximate calculation of the renormalised stress-energy tensor of a quantum field in the vicinity of the inner horizon, and analyse the semiclassical backreaction on this region of the geometry. We find that the classical tendency for this horizon to move inward due to mass inflation is challenged and potentially overcome by a semiclassical tendency for it to inflate outward.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Continuous quantum gate sets and pulse class meta-optimization
Creators: name: Preti, Francesco
name: Calarco, Tommaso
name: Motzoi, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reducing the circuit depth of quantum circuits is a crucial bottleneck to enabling quantum technology. This depth is inversely proportional to the number of available quantum gates that have been synthesised. Moreover, quantum gate synthesis and control problems exhibit a vast range of external parameter dependencies, both physical and application-specific. In this article we address the possibility of learning families of optimal control pulses which depend adaptively on various parameters, in order to obtain a global optimal mapping from the space of potential parameter values to the control space, and hence continuous classes of gates. Our proposed method is tested on different experimentally relevant quantum gates and proves capable of producing high-fidelity pulses even in presence of multiple variable or uncertain parameters with wide ranges.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, published on PRX Quantum on the 25th of October 2022
Manifolds over Cayley-Dickson algebras and their immersions
Creators: name: Ludkovsky, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M30, 17A05, 17A70

description: Holomorphic manifolds over Cayley-Dickson algebras are defined and their embeddings and immersions are studied.
description: 10 pages
Interlopers speak out: studying the dark universe using small-scale lensing anisotropies
Creators: name: Dhanasingham, Birendra
name: Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan
name: Peter, Annika H. G.
name: Benson, Andrew
name: Gilman, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly lensed systems are powerful probes of the distribution of dark matter on small scales. In this paper, we show that line-of-sight haloes between the source and the observers give rise to a distinct anisotropic signature in the two-point function of the effective lensing deflection field. We show in particular that the non-linear coupling between line-of-sight haloes and the main-lens plane imprints a characteristic quadrupole moment on this two-point function whose amplitude reflects the abundance of such haloes within the strongly lensed field. We discuss how, by taking ratios of different multipole moments, such observables could be made robust under the mass-sheet transform. We also demonstrate that future extremely large telescopes have the ability to detect the quadrupole moment due to this unique anisotropic signature under ideal conditions. Our approach opens the door to statistically distinguish the effect of line-of-sight haloes from that of the main-lens substructure on lensed images, hence allowing one to probe dark matter physics in a new way.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures + appendices. Matches the published version in MNRAS
Is the mm/submm dust polarization a robust tracer of the magnetic field topology in protostellar envelopes? A model exploration
Creators: name: Valdivia, Valeska
name: Maury, Anaëlle
name: Hennebelle, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution (sub-)millimeter polarization observations have opened a new era in the understanding of how B-fields are organized in star forming regions, unveiling an intricate interplay between the B-fields and the gas in protostellar cores. However, to assess the role of the B-field in the process of solar-type star formation, it is key to be able to understand to what extent these polarized dust emissions are good tracers of the B-field in the youngest protostellar objects. We present a thorough investigation of the fidelity and limitations of using dust polarized emission to map the B-field topologies in low-mass protostars. To assess the importance of these effects, we performed the analysis of B-field properties in 27 realizations of MHD models of star-forming cores. Assuming a uniform population of dust grains whose sizes follow the standard MRN, we analyze the synthetic polarized dust emission maps produced if these grains align with the local B-field thanks to B-RATs. We find that (sub-)millimeter polarized dust emission is a robust tracer of the B-field topologies in inner protostellar envelopes and is successful at capturing the details of the B-field spatial distribution down to radii ~100 au. Measurements of the los averaged B-field orientation using the polarized dust emission are precise to < 15° in about 75 - 95% of the independent lines of sight peering through protostellar envelopes. Large discrepancies between the integrated B-field mean orientation and the orientation reconstructed from the polarized dust emission are mostly observed in (i) lines of sight where the B-field is highly disorganized and (ii) lines of sight probing large column densities. Our analysis shows that high opacity of the thermal dust emission and low polarization fractions could be used to avoid utilizing the small fraction of measurements affected by large errors.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
A reduced order model for the finite element approximation of eigenvalue problems
Creators: name: Bertrand, Fleurianne
name: Boffi, Daniele
name: Halim, Abdul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider a reduced order method for the approximation of the eigensolutions of the Laplace problem with Dirichlet boundary condition. We use a time continuation technique that consists in the introduction of a fictitious time parameter. We use a POD approach and we present some theoretical results showing how to choose the optimal dimension of the POD basis. The results of our computations, related to the first eigenvalue, confirm the optimal behavior of our approximate solution.
kap. 8 (Om Finmarkens Negotie).
Creators: name: Leem, Knud
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1760

description: kap. 8 (Om Finmarkens Negotie). Kap. 7 og 8 er trykt i Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs skrifter i det 19. Aarhundrede bd 6, Trondhjem 1870, s. 181-240.
description: Avskrift
3D hydrodynamical simulations of a proton ingestion episode in a low-metallicity asymptotic giant branch star
Creators: name: Stancliffe, Richard J.
name: Dearborn, David S. P.
name: Lattanzio, John C.
name: Heap, Stuart A.
name: Campbell, Simon W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the 3D stellar structure code DJEHUTY to model the ingestion of protons into the intershell convection zone of a 1 solar mass asymptotic giant branch star of metallicity Z=10^-4. We have run two simulations: a low resolution one of around 300,000 zones, and a high resolution one consisting of 2,000,000 zones. Both simulations have been evolved for about 4 hours of stellar time. We observe the existence of fast, downward flowing plumes that are able to transport hydrogen into close proximity to the helium burning shell before burning takes place. The intershell in the 3D model is richer in protons than the 1D model by several orders of magnitude and so we obtain substantially higher hydrogen-burning luminosities -- over 10^8 solar luminosities in the high resolution simulation -- than are found in the 1D model. Convective velocities in these simulations are over 10 times greater than the predictions of mixing length theory, though the 3D simulations have greater energy generation due to the enhanced hydrogen burning. We find no evidence of the convective zone splitting into two, though this could be as a result of insufficient spatial resolution or because the models have not been evolved for long enough. We suggest that the 1D mixing length theory and particularly the use of a diffusion algorithm for mixing do not give an accurate picture of these events. An advective mixing scheme may give a better representation of the transport processes seen in the 3D models.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Movies to accompany the manuscript can be found at http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/~rjs/djehutyPIE.html
Efficient flow equations for dissipative systems
Creators: name: Schmiedinghoff, Gary
name: Uhrig, Götz S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Open quantum systems provide an essential theoretical basis for the development of novel quantum technologies, since any real quantum system inevitably interacts with its environment. Lindblad master equations capture the effect of Markovian environments. Closed quantum systems can be treated using flow equations with the particle conserving generator. We generalize this generator to non-Hermitian matrices and open quantum systems governed by Lindbladians, comparing our results with recently proposed generators by Rosso et al. (arXiv:2007.12044). In comparison, we find that our advocated generator provides an efficient flow with good accuracy in spite of truncations.
description: 35 pages plus appendices, 15 figures, comments welcome, Submission to SciPost; added references, added explanations regarding transformations of observables and definitions of $Q$, $H^+$ and $H^-$, added App. C and App. D containing analytical arguments
Ist eine apostolische Sukzession außerhalb der Kette der Handauflegungen möglich?
Creators: name: Villain, Marurice
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 4 Nr. 4 (1968): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 4, Heft 4
EBP Life -- The Conservation Issue
Creators: name: Peirce, Maja
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2025

description: Today, an estimated 46,300 species are classified as threatened with global extinction by the IUCN Red List (2024). As Earth BioGenome Project (EBP)-affiliated projects accelerate global biodiversity sequencing, we reflect on how newly sequenced high-quality reference genomes are already enhancing species conservation—and look forward to continued progress in reference genomes stemming the tide of biodiversity loss.
Thermohaline instabilities inside stars: a synthetic study including external turbulence and radiative levitation
Creators: name: Vauclair, Sylvie
name: Théado, Sylvie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived a new expression for the thermohaline mixing coefficient in stars, including the effects of radiative levitation and external turbulence, by solving Boussinesq equations in a quasi-incompressible fluid with a linear approximation. It is well known that radiative levitation of individual elements can lead to their accumulation in specific stellar layers. In some cases, it can induce important effects on the stellar structure. Here we confirm that this accumulation is moderated by thermohaline convection due to the resulting inverse $μ$-gradient. The new coefficient that we have derived shows that the effect of radiative accelerations on the thermohaline instability itself is small. This effect must however be checked in all computations. We also confirm that the presence of large horizontal turbulence can reduce or even suppress the thermohaline convection. These results are important as they concern all the cases of heavy element accumulation in stars. The computations of radiative diffusion have to be revisited including thermohaline convection and its consequences. It may be one of the basic reasons for the fact that the observed abundances are always smaller than those predicted by pure atomic diffusion. In any case, these processes have to compete with rotation-induced mixing, but this competition is more complex than previously thought due to their mutual interaction.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Ap.J
Field-Based Physical Inference From Peculiar Velocity Tracers
Creators: name: Prideaux-Ghee, James
name: Leclercq, Florent
name: Lavaux, Guilhem
name: Heavens, Alan
name: Jasche, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Bayesian hierarchical modelling approach to reconstruct the initial cosmic matter density field constrained by peculiar velocity observations. As our approach features a model for the gravitational evolution of dark matter to connect the initial conditions to late-time observations, it reconstructs the final density and velocity fields as natural byproducts. We implement this field-based physical inference approach by adapting the Bayesian Origin Reconstruction from Galaxies (BORG) algorithm, which explores the high-dimensional posterior through the use of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo sampling. We test the self-consistency of the method using random sets of mock tracers, and assess its accuracy in a more complex scenario where peculiar velocity tracers are non-linearly evolved mock haloes. We find that our framework self-consistently infers the initial conditions, density and velocity fields, and shows some robustness to model mis-specification. As compared to the state-of-the-art approach of constrained Gaussian random fields/Wiener filtering, our method produces more accurate final density and velocity field reconstructions. It also allows us to constrain the initial conditions by peculiar velocity observations, complementing in this aspect previous field-based approaches based on other cosmological observables.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Statistical Approach for Selecting Elite Ants
Creators: name: Raghavendra, G. S.
name: Kumar, N. Prasanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Applications of ACO algorithms to obtain better solutions for combinatorial optimization problems have become very popular in recent years. In ACO algorithms, group of agents repeatedly perform well defined actions and collaborate with other ants in order to accomplish the defined task. In this paper, we introduce new mechanisms for selecting the Elite ants dynamically based on simple statistical tools. We also investigate the performance of newly proposed mechanisms.
description: 22 pages
ST-elevation Due to Primitive Extracardiac Origin. Differential Diagnosis and Review of Literature
Creators: name: Valotta, Amabile
name: Gauthier, Lorenzo Grazioli
name: Moccetti, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cancer
computed tomography
echocardiography
imaging
palliative care

description: Introduction: Vast of cases ST elevation is due to coronary occlusion. Metastatic disease has been identified as a rare case of Acute Myocardial Infarction or artery occlusion. Case Description: This case is about a 65yo man with a diagnose of stage IV Thymic Carcinoma in 2012, with two recurrences and past surgical treatment followed by radiation and chemotherapy. From that time, CPAP addicted for respiratory failure. He went to emergency department with worsening dyspnoea in the last few days. The ECG showed an ST-elevation in DI-aVL and V4-V6 suggesting an Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). The emergency coronary angiogram showed no significant coronary artery stenosis. The transthoracic echo revealed a mass infiltrating the left ventricular myocardium with consequent akinesia of lateral and anterior wall. A thoracic CT scan revealed a mass of 17*10*12 cm that infiltrated the myocardium surrounding the left circumflex coronary artery, which was the reason of ST-elevation. Discussion: After multidisciplinary medical evaluation, considering the clinical context and the surgical risk, we dropped to perform any other invasive or bioptic exam. In agreement with the patient and his relatives, the patient was hospitalized Palliative Care Unit. Conclusion: The ECG changes due to metastatic lesions or myocardial infiltration are different from those of an ACS. They are characterized by the persistence of ST-elevation without the typical evolution such as Q waves or T inversion. In addition, in any patient with history of malignancies, multidisciplinary discussion and multimodality imaging play a key role for the correct diagnosis and management.
Disks controlling chaos in a 3D dynamical model for elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Zotos, Euaggelos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 3D dynamical model with a quasi-homogeneous core and a disk component is used for the chaos control in the central parts of elliptical galaxy. Numerical experiments in the 2D system show a very complicated phase plane with a large chaotic sea, considerable sticky layers and a large number of islands, produced by secondary resonances. When the mass of the disk increases, the chaotic regions decrease gradually, and, finally, a new phase plane with only regular orbits appears. This evolution indicates that disks in elliptical galaxies can act as the chaos controllers. Starting from the results obtained in the 2D system, we locate the regions in the phase space of the 3D system, producing regular and chaotic orbits. For this we introduce and use a new dynamical parameter, the S(w) spectrum, which proves to be useful as a fast indicator and allows us to distinguish the regular motion from chaos in the 3D potentials. Other methods for detecting chaos are also discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in Baltic Astronomy journal
The Kauffman bracket skein module of the lens spaces via unoriented braids
Creators: name: Diamantis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K31, 57K14, 20F36, 20F38, 57K10, 57K12, 57K45, 57K35, 57K99, 20C08

description: In this paper we develop a braid theoretic approach for computing the Kauffman bracket skein module of the lens spaces $L(p,q)$, KBSM($L(p,q)$), for $q\neq 0$. For doing this, we introduce a new concept, that of an {\it unoriented braid}. Unoriented braids are obtained from standard braids by ignoring the natural top-to-bottom orientation of the strands. We first define the {\it generalized Temperley-Lieb algebra of type B}, $TL_{1, n}$, which is related to the knot theory of the solid torus ST, and we obtain the universal Kauffman bracket type invariant, $V$, for knots and links in ST, via a unique Markov trace constructed on $TL_{1, n}$. The universal invariant $V$ is equivalent to the KBSM(ST). For passing now to the KBSM($L(p,q)$), we impose on $V$ relations coming from the band moves (or slide moves), that is, moves that reflect isotopy in $L(p,q)$ but not in ST, and which reflect the surgery description of $L(p,q)$, obtaining thus, an infinite system of equations. By construction, solving this infinite system of equations is equivalent to computing KBSM($L(p,q)$). We first present the solution for the case $q=1$, which corresponds to obtaining a new basis, $\mathcal{B}_{p}$, for KBSM($L(p,1)$) with $(\lfloor p/2 \rfloor +1)$ elements. We note that the basis $\mathcal{B}_{p}$ is different from the one obtained by Hoste \& Przytycki. For dealing with the complexity of the infinite system for the case $q>1$, we first show how the new basis $\mathcal{B}_{p}$ of KBSM($L(p,1)$) can be obtained using a diagrammatic approach based on unoriented braids, and we finally extend our result to the case $q>1$.
description: 30 pages, 17 figures
Distance determination for RAVE stars using stellar models III: The nature of the RAVE survey and Milky Way chemistry
Creators: name: Burnett, B.
name: Binney, J.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Williams, M.
name: Zwitter, T.
name: Bienayme, O
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Freeman, K. C.
name: Fulbright, J.
name: Gibson, B.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Helmi, A.
name: Munari, U.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Parker, Q. A.
name: Seabroke, G. M.
name: Siebert, A.
name: Siviero, A.
name: Steinmetz, M
name: Watson, F. G.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the method of Burnett & Binney (2010) for the determination of stellar distances and parameters to the internal catalogue of the Radial Velocity Experiment (Steinmetz et al. 2006). Subsamples of stars that either have Hipparcos parallaxes or belong to well-studied clusters, inspire confidence in the formal errors. Distances to dwarfs cooler than ~6000 K appear to be unbiased, but those to hotter dwarfs tend to be too small by ~10% of the formal errors. Distances to giants tend to be too large by about the same amount. The median distance error in the whole sample of 216,000 stars is 28% and the error distribution is similar for both giants and dwarfs. Roughly half the stars in the RAVE survey are giants. The giant fraction is largest at low latitudes and in directions towards the Galactic Centre. Near the plane the metallicity distribution is remarkably narrow and centred on [M/H]-0.04 dex; with increasing |z| it broadens out and its median moves to [M/H] ~ -0.5. Mean age as a function of distance from the Galactic centre and distance |z| from the Galactic plane shows the anticipated increase in mean age with |z|.
description: 14 pages accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Homogenization of evolutionary incompressible Navier-Stokes system in perforated domains
Creators: name: Lu, Yong
name: Yang, Peikang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider the homogenization problems for evolutionary incompressible Navier-Stokes system in three dimensional domains perforated with a large number of small holes which are periodically located. We first establish certain uniform estimates for the weak solutions. To overcome the extra difficulties coming from the time derivative, we use the idea of Temam and consider the equations by integrating in time variable. After suitably extending the weak solutions to the whole domain, we employ the generalized cell problem to study the limit process.
description: 20 pages
Linking covariant and canonical LQG: new solutions to the Euclidean Scalar Constraint
Creators: name: Alesci, Emanuele
name: Thiemann, Thomas
name: Zipfel, Antonia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is often emphasized that spin-foam models could realize a projection on the physical Hilbert space of canonical Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). As a first test we analyze the one-vertex expansion of a simple Euclidean spin-foam. We find that for fixed Barbero-Immirzi parameter γ=1 the one vertex-amplitude in the KKL prescription annihilates the Euclidean Hamiltonian constraint of LQG. Since for γ=1 the Lorentzian part of the Hamiltonian constraint does not contribute this gives rise to new solutions of the Euclidean theory. Furthermore, we find that the new states only depend on the diagonal matrix elements of the volume. This seems to be a generic property when applying the spin-foam projector.
description: 33 pages, several figures
Berühren wir zu wenig? Auswirkungen vom Mangel an Berührung mit Einbezug der Rolle der Psychomotoriktherapie und deren Rechtfertigung für Berührungsinterventionen
Creators: name: Müller, Noemi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Psychomotorik
Psychomotoriktherapie
Berührung
Bachelorarbeit

description: Als Hauptthema wird in dieser Bachelorarbeit die direkte Berührung behandelt. Der taktil-kinästhetischen Wahrnehmung wird erst seit ein paar Jahren die rechtmässige Anerkennung und Forschung gewidmet, wobei diese Arbeit mitwirken möchte. Im ersten Teil werden durch eine theoretische Auseinandersetzung die Relevanz und Auswirkung von Berührungen aufgezeigt. Dafür wird das Thema aus den verschiedenen Sichtweisen der Medizin, der Entwicklungspädiatrie und der Gesetzeslage belichtet. Die Analyse eines Fragebogens als empirischen, zweiten Teil, beschreibt den Ist-Zustand in der Praxis von Psychomotoriktherapeut*innen. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass die direkte Berührung in vielen verschiedenen Förderbereichen als Intervention genutzt wird und die Einsatzmöglichkeiten vielseitig sind. Durch den Fragebogen konnten bei den Psychomotoriktherapeut*innen eine Tendenz zur Berührungsfreudigkeit zusammen mit einem hohen Stellenwert der Berührung im Praxisalltag ermittelt werden. Als Priorität wird der Integritätsschutz der Kinder und deren Bedürfnis an Berührung gesehen. Weiter konnte ein Mangel an Reglementen bei den Institutionen erkannt werden, auf welche jedoch unsere Gesetzeslage in der Schweiz schlussendlich vertraut. Die Zusammenführung der theoretischen und empirischen Ergebnisse ergibt eine Rechtfertigung für den Einsatz von Berührung als therapeutisches Mittel unter Berücksichtigung der Absichten, der Beziehung, des Gesetzes und den subjektiven Grenzen aller Beteiligten. Das Fazit dieser Arbeit kann zudem als Aufforderung zu weiteren Gesetzesmassnahmen bei Institutionen gesehen werden.
Galactic Cosmic Rays at Mars and Venus: Temporal Variations from Hours to Decades Measured as the Background Signal of Onboard Micro-Channel Plates
Creators: name: Futaana, Yoshifumi
name: Shimoyama, Manabu
name: Wieser, Martin
name: Karlsson, Stefan
name: Andersson, Herman
name: Nilsson, Hans
name: Wang, Xiao-Dong
name: Fedorov, Andrey
name: Andre, Nicolas
name: Holmström, Mats
name: Barabash, Stas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Micro-Channel Plate (MCP) is a widely used component for counting particles in space. Using the background counts of MCPs on Mars Express and Venus Express orbiters operated over 17 years and 8 years, respectively, we investigate the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) characteristics in the inner solar system. The MCP background counts at Mars and Venus on a solar cycle time scale exhibit clear anti-correlation to the sunspot number. We conclude that the measured MCP background contain the GCR information. The GCR characteristics measured using the MCP background at Mars show features that are consistent with the ground-based measurement in solar cycle 24. The time lag between the sunspot number and the MCP background at Mars is found ~9 months. The shorter-term background data recorded along the orbits (with a time scale of several hours) also show evident depletion of the background counts due to the absorption of the GCR particles by the planets. Thanks to the visible planetary size change along an orbit, the GCR contribution to the MCP background can be separated from the internal contribution due to the \b{eta}-decay. Our statistical analysis of the GCR absorption signatures at Mars implies that the effective absorption size of Mars for the GCR particles have a >100 km larger radius than the solid Martian body.
description: Submitted to ApJ (2022-03-19)
Mapping between long-time molecular and Brownian dynamics
Creators: name: Pond, Mark J.
name: Errington, Jeffrey R.
name: Truskett, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use computer simulations to test a simple idea for mapping between long-time self diffusivities obtained from molecular and Brownian dynamics. The strategy we explore is motivated by the behavior of fluids comprising particles that interact via inverse-power-law pair potentials, which serve as good reference models for dense atomic or colloidal materials. Based on our simulation data, we present an empirical expression that semi-quantitatively describes the "atomic" to "colloidal" diffusivity mapping for inverse-power-law fluids, but also for model complex fluids with considerably softer (star-polymer, Gaussian-core, or Hertzian) interactions. As we show, the anomalous structural and dynamic properties of these latter ultrasoft systems pose problems for other strategies designed to relate Newtonian and Brownian dynamics of hard-sphere-like particles.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Anti-Spoofing Using Transfer Learning with Variational Information Bottleneck
Creators: name: Eom, Youngsik
name: Lee, Yeonghyeon
name: Um, Ji Sub
name: Kim, Hoirin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in sophisticated synthetic speech generated from text-to-speech (TTS) or voice conversion (VC) systems cause threats to the existing automatic speaker verification (ASV) systems. Since such synthetic speech is generated from diverse algorithms, generalization ability with using limited training data is indispensable for a robust anti-spoofing system. In this work, we propose a transfer learning scheme based on the wav2vec 2.0 pretrained model with variational information bottleneck (VIB) for speech anti-spoofing task. Evaluation on the ASVspoof 2019 logical access (LA) database shows that our method improves the performance of distinguishing unseen spoofed and genuine speech, outperforming current state-of-the-art anti-spoofing systems. Furthermore, we show that the proposed system improves performance in low-resource and cross-dataset settings of anti-spoofing task significantly, demonstrating that our system is also robust in terms of data size and data distribution.
description: Accepted to Interspeech 2022
Corporate Governance and Foreign Direct Investment in Sub- Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Tslie Agboka, Ernest
name: Boohene, David
name: Asante Darkwah, Joseph
name: Maxwell, Amita
name: Marfo, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: International finance
Finance
Financial economics
Investment and risk management

description: This paper presents new indicators for corporate governance (effectiveness of the corporate board, ethical behavior of firms, regulation of securities and exchange, and protection of minority shareholders) by the Global Competitiveness Index Report rather than the traditional ones, this study confirms the relationship between corporate governance and foreign direct investment (FDI) (board size, CEO non-duality, board independence, board diversity). The poll examines the relationship between FDI and corporate governance using information from 2009 to 2016. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) was the primary evaluation technique used in this study. According to the review, corporate governance affects FDI in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While regulation of securities exchanges has a negative impact on FDI, ethical business practices, effective corporate governance, and the protection of minority shareholders have beneficial effects. The study suggests that sub-Saharan African economies should strengthen corporate ethics, guarantee the effectiveness of corporate boards, and safeguard the interests of minority shareholders.