Associations Between Optimism and Sleep: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Jessop, Donna
name: Abdullayev, Kamilla
name: Miles, Eleanor
name: Tout, Amber
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Alternative and Complementary Medicine
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: optimism
subject: scoping review
subject: sleep quality
subject: sleep quantity

description: ABSTRACT

Introduction
A sizeable body of literature has linked higher levels of optimism to better sleep. While reviews have examined associations between optimism and physical health and psychological wellbeing, research exploring associations between optimism and sleep outcomes has yet to be subject to review. As a result, our understanding of associations between optimism and sleep across populations, outcome measures, and study designs remains limited. This scoping review therefore aims to narratively synthesise and map the literature exploring associations between optimism and sleep, examine the methodologies used, and highlight the knowledge gaps that remain.

Methods and Analysis:
The proposed scoping review will be guided by the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley [1] and reported in line with the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews 22-item checklist (PRISMA-ScR; [2]), as recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Reviewer’s Manual [3]. Online databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science) will be searched from inception to April 2024 to identify studies that have explored associations between optimism and sleep quality and/or quantity. Search limits will be put on language (English), article type (journal articles and review articles), and population (not animal). Included studies will explore associations between a measure of optimism (any conceptualisation) and a measure of sleep quality and/or quantity (subjective and/or objective) in a human population of any age, sex, or demographic. All settings will be considered. Reference lists of review articles and included journal articles will be searched to identify additional sources. Two reviewers (AT and KA) will independently screen all abstracts and full-text articles for inclusion. Data will be independently extracted from eligible articles (AT and KA) using a data extraction tool developed for this scoping review. Discrepancies will be resolved through discussion with a third reviewer if needed (DJ or EM). As this scoping review aims to narratively synthesise and map the literature in this field, a formal quality appraisal will not be conducted. Nevertheless, any observed limitations of included studies (e.g., low sample size, lack of intervention comparison group) will be recorded during the data extraction process.

Ethics and Dissemination:
This scoping review will involve the secondary synthesis of data collected by others; as such, it will not require ethical approval. Results will reveal the scope of the literature in this area and facilitate a better understanding of associations between optimism and sleep across different populations, outcome measures, and study designs. This review will contribute to the literature and help to identify current knowledge gaps, thus providing direction(s) for further empirical investigation. Findings will be chiefly disseminated through the publication of an academic journal article.