cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Perception, expectation and uncertainty in autism
Creators: name: Parsons, Owen Edward
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: autism
perception
bayesian
cognition
intolerance of uncertainty
uncertainty
priors

description: This thesis uses behavioural measures and self-report questionnaires to understand how autistic individuals extract predictive information from their environment, how this predictive information influences perception in autism and how these processes are associated with other clinical features of autism. In chapters 1 & 2, I start the thesis by reviewing the literature on perception, sensory issues, anxiety and learning in autism before moving on to introduce Bayesian models of perception in autism. In chapters 3, 4 & 5, I present an interrupted search paradigm and demonstrate that autistic individuals did not significantly differ from non-autistic controls in the extent to which prior information guides attention during visual search. These chapters provide a clear case of one aspect of perception in which prior information is used by autistic and non-autistic individuals in a similar manner. In chapter 6, I present a serial reaction time task which tests whether autistic individuals are able to update predictive information flexibly. The results found that autistic individuals, relative to controls, showed an overall reduction in the extent to which they utilised prior information during the task, but this was not specific to conditions in which they were required to update information about the underlying statistical regularities in the task. In chapter 7, I use a visual statistical learning task to assess how well participants were able to implicitly acquire high-level predictive statistical information. The results suggest that autistic individuals show a slightly reduced effect of learning when compared to non-autistic controls, but this effect is not specific to high-level information. In chapter 8, 9 & 10, I present a number of different questionnaire measures for which differences are found between autistic and non-autistic individuals. I used these measures to evaluate the construct of ‘intolerance of uncertainty’ and how it relates to other features of autism before moving on to show that ‘intolerance of uncertainty’ plays a mediating role in clinical features associated with autism, such as anxiety and sensory issues.
Proton synchrotron radiation of large-scale jets in active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Aharonian, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I propose a new mechanism for explanation of nonthernal X-ray emission of large-scale AGN jets. Namely, I assume that this radiation has synchrotron origin emitted by extremely high energy protons, and discuss implications of this model for several prominent hot spots and knots resolved by Chandra in Pictor A, 3C 120, PKS 0637-752, 3C 273.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS
MOESM6 of Stratified analysis of the correlation between gestational weight gain and birth weight for gestational age: a retrospective single-center cohort study in Japan
Creators: name: SATO, Noriko
name: MIYASAKA, Naoyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6: Figure S3. Graded effect of GWG on birth weight shown by quantile regression analysis.
The "not-A", RSPT and Potts phases in an $S_3$-invariant chain
Creators: name: O'Brien, Edward
name: Vernier, Eric
name: Fendley, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse in depth an $S_3$-invariant nearest-neighbor quantum chain in the region of a U(1)-invariant self-dual multicritical point. We find four distinct proximate gapped phases. One has three-state Potts order, corresponding to topological order in a parafermionic formulation. Also nearby is a phase with "representation" symmetry-protected topological (RSPT) order. Its dual exhibits an unusual "not-A" order, where the spins prefer to align in two of the three directions. Within each of the four phases, we find a frustration-free point with exact ground state(s). The exact RSPT ground state is similar to that of Affleck-Kennedy-Lieb-Tasaki, whereas its dual states in the not-A phase are product states, each an equal-amplitude sum over all states where one of the three spin states on each site is absent. A field-theory analysis shows that all transitions are in the universality class of the critical three-state Potts model. They provide a lattice realization of a flow from a free-boson field theory to the Potts conformal field theory.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures. v2: refined the SPT discussion, and added one letter to the title. v3: further refinement, n.b. RSPT in title is spelled out in journal
EFFECTS OF MICROFINANCE SERVICES ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES.
Creators: name: Osman, Abdulkadir Abshir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: MICROFINANCE
MICROFINANCE SERVICES
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE

description: ABSTRACT

Microfinance is a most vital source for small businesses, this study was, therefore, designed to investigate the role of micro-finance on small business growth. The researcher set three specific objectives namely: - (1) to examine the role of micro-credit on small business growth.  (2) To examine the role of saving facilities on small business growth.  (3) To examine the role of training skills development on small business growth. In pursuit of the objectives, survey research was carried out in Amal Bank and suuq-yare in Galkio-mudug -Somalia. The population used for the study was 61 which contained staff of Amal Bank and small business owners in suuq-yare of Galkio--mudug -Somalia. Researchers used a total population sampling technique, the study made use of data from primary sources which were collected using a questionnaire administered to the 61 staff of Amal Bank and small business owners of such-yare. The data analyses were carried out using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings from the study reveal that the three variables namely micro-credit, saving facilities, and training skills development. [Independent variables] were used to measure small business growth [dependent variable]. The study descriptive correlation and quantitative design were used, and the study used descriptive research design utilizing qualitative data captured using a self-administered questionnaire. This study showed considered individually that micro-finance plays a role in small business growth based on three variables namely (micro-credit, saving facilities, and training skills development), based on objective one showed that the majority of respondents agree that microcredit is important to small business and takes a role in small business growth, objective two (91.3%) of respondents agreed that the saving facilities take a role on small business growth, objective three majority of respondents agreed that training skills development takes a role on small business growth. Finally, this study showed that micro-finance plays a role in small businesses' growth, the researchers recommend banks enhance the micro-finance service to allow improvement of small business growth, Banks always allow small businesses to borrow a specific amount of money and pay back through regular monthly payments with more than one year to decrease the regular payment that will pay to the small business owners also no collateral required, and The small business owners should always make sure that their services and products are reliable to all groups of customers, bank should do a better of teaching small business on good financial management practices, This will assist small business in accounting for borrowed funds, making better financial decisions, and, as a result, growing in the long run and also provide risk management training.
Cosmic Solutions in the Einstein-Weinberg-Salam Theory and the Generation of Large Electric and Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Hosotani, Yutaka
name: Emoto, Hiroki
name: Kubota, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y standard electroweak theory coupled with the Einstein gravity, new topological configurations naturally emerge, if the spatial section of the universe is globally a three-sphere (S^3) with a small radius. The SU(2)_L gauge fields wrap the space nontrivially, producing homogeneous but anisotropic space. As the universe expands, large electric and magnetic fields are produced. The electromagnetic field configuration is characterized by the Hopf map.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, for the proceeding for the ICHEP 2002, Amsterdam, 25 - 31 July, 2002
Spin-layer locking of interlayer excitons trapped in moiré potentials
Creators: name: Brotons-Gisbert, Mauro
name: Baek, Hyeonjun
name: Molina-Sánchez, Alejandro
name: Campbell, Aidan
name: Scerri, Eleanor
name: White, Daniel
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Bonato, Cristian
name: Gerardot, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Van der Waals heterostructures offer attractive opportunities to design quantum materials. For instance, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) possess three quantum degrees of freedom: spin, valley index, and layer index. Further, twisted TMD heterobilayers can form moiré patterns that modulate the electronic band structure according to atomic registry, leading to spatial confinement of interlayer exciton (IXs). Here we report the observation of spin-layer locking of IXs trapped in moiré potentials formed in a heterostructure of bilayer 2H-MoSe$_2$ and monolayer WSe$_2$. The phenomenon of locked electron spin and layer index leads to two quantum-confined IX species with distinct spin-layer-valley configurations. Furthermore, we observe that the atomic registries of the moiré trapping sites in the three layers are intrinsically locked together due to the 2H-type stacking characteristic of bilayer TMDs. These results identify the layer index as a useful degree of freedom to engineer tunable few-level quantum systems in two-dimensional heterostructures.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary Material available at: https://www.dropbox.com/s/8331cfoasdofwkq/Brotons-Gisbert_Suppl_Info.pdf?dl=0
Linear-Scaling Density Functional Theory and Theoretical Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy Investigations of Surfaces and Defects in Nanomaterials
Creators: name: Tait, Edward William
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: EELS
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy
ONETEP
DFT
Linear Scaling
Density Functional Theory
Anatase
Titanium Dioxide
LS-DFT
Defect
Surface Defect
Formation Energy

description: This work presents a method for the computation of electron energy loss spectra for large systems using the onetep code. The foundations of density functional theory will be discussed, with a focus on the linear scaling methods employed by onetep. A method for the prediction of spectra will be shown, with emphasis on the construction of the matrix elements needed. This method is tested against both other DFT codes and experiment. Once the ability of onetep to predict EEL spectra has been established the code is used to predict the spectra associated with oxygen vacancy defects in the anatase (101) surface. These spectra are found to agree with the limited experimental data available. EEL spectra for nitrogen dopants in anatase are also predicted, based on literature geometries for these. The energetics of the oxygen vacancy is also explored, using the ability of onetep to perform calculations on large cells to address elastic finite size effects and employing a correction scheme to remove electrostatic finite size effects. Finally, the properties of an extended grain boundaries defect in GaAs were investigated, focussing on properties relevant for optoelectronics.
description: Supported by the EPSRC Cambridge NanoDTC, EP/G037221/1
Blind calibration for compressed sensing: State evolution and an online algorithm
Creators: name: Gabrié, Marylou
name: Barbier, Jean
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Zdeborová, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compressed sensing, allows to acquire compressible signals with a small number of measurements. In applications, a hardware implementation often requires a calibration as the sensing process is not perfectly known. Blind calibration, that is performing at the same time calibration and compressed sensing is thus particularly appealing. A potential approach was suggested by Schülke and collaborators in Schülke et al. 2013 and 2015, using approximate message passing (AMP) for blind calibration (cal-AMP). Here, the algorithm is extended from the already proposed offline case to the online case, where the calibration is refined step by step as new measured samples are received. Furthermore, we show that the performance of both the offline and the online algorithms can be theoretically studied via the State Evolution (SE) formalism. Through numerical simulations, the efficiency of cal-AMP and the consistency of the theoretical predictions are confirmed.
MFEM: a modular finite element methods library
Creators: name: Anderson, Robert
name: Andrej, Julian
name: Barker, Andrew
name: Bramwell, Jamie
name: Camier, Jean-Sylvain
name: Cerveny, Jakub
name: Dobrev, Veselin
name: Dudouit, Yohann
name: Fisher, Aaron
name: Kolev, Tzanio
name: Pazner, Will
name: Stowell, Mark
name: Tomov, Vladimir
name: Dahm, Johann
name: Medina, David
name: Zampini, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: MFEM is an open-source, lightweight, flexible and scalable C++ library for modular finite element methods that features arbitrary high-order finite element meshes and spaces, support for a wide variety of discretization approaches and emphasis on usability, portability, and high-performance computing efficiency. MFEM's goal is to provide application scientists with access to cutting-edge algorithms for high-order finite element meshing, discretizations and linear solvers, while enabling researchers to quickly and easily develop and test new algorithms in very general, fully unstructured, high-order, parallel and GPU-accelerated settings. In this paper we describe the underlying algorithms and finite element abstractions provided by MFEM, discuss the software implementation, and illustrate various applications of the library.
description: 36 pages, 21 figures
Decoherence of geometric phase gates
Creators: name: Nazir, A.
name: Spiller, T. P.
name: Munro, W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of certain forms of decoherence applied to both adiabatic and non-adiabatic geometric phase quantum gates. For a single qubit we illustrate path-dependent sensitivity to anisotropic noise and for two qubits we quantify the loss of entanglement as a function of decoherence.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
LAND TENURE SYSTEM AND FOOD SECURITY IN A SELECTED AREA OF MYMENSINGH DISTRICT
Creators: name: Nasrin, Mahmuda
name: Uddin, Md. Taj
name: Nasrin, Mahmuda
name: Uddin, Md. Taj
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Food security status of share and cash tenant farmers was examined by employing the food security index. Primary data were collected for 60 randomly selected respondents (30 share tenants and 30 cash tenants) from Narayanpur and Bhabokhali villages under Sadar Upazila of Mymensingh district. The socio-demographic analysis of the study indicated that cash tenants had a slightly higher family size (5.10) than that of share tenants (4.97). The educational status of the cash tenant household members was moderately better than that of share tenant household members. Most of the male members of tenant households (24.29 percent of share tenant and 19.74 percent of cash tenant households) had farming as the principal occupation. A significant difference in the average size of land holding between share tenant (0.579 ha) and cash tenant farmers (0.612 ha) was also observed. Socio-demographic characteristics differ between the two tenure groups. The average daily per capita calorie intake was significantly higher for the households under cash tenancy (2,198.20 kcal) than that of the households under share tenancy (1,944.15 kcal). The estimated food security indices for share tenant and cash tenant households were 0.92 and 1.02, respectively. The study concluded that the extent of food security situation was much better among the cash tenant households than that of the share tenant households based on various food security measures and thereby land tenure systems clearly affect the food security situation of selected households.
3D UNet - arabidopsis - ZeroCostDL4Mic
Creators: name: DeepImageJ
name: ZeroCostDL4Mic
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
zerocostdl4mic
deepimagej
segmentation
3dunet
3d
unet
super-resolution-microscopy
plant
tensorflow

description: Download RDF Package
Visit https://github.com/HenriquesLab/ZeroCostDL4Mic/wiki
description: Trained 3D U-Net to segment arabidopsis ovaries boundaries in confocal microscopy 3D volumes. (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)
EXPENDITURE PATTERNS OF SOME INFORMAL SECTORS IN BANGLADESH: AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF DHAKA CITY
Creators: name: Barmon, Basanta Kumar
name: Barmon, Basanta Kumar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The present study estimated the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) and the marginal propensity to save (MPS) of the businesses in informal sectors around Dhaka city by using the Keynes consumption function. Primary data is collected from 150 vendors from selected areas of Dhaka city during June -July, 2011. The findings indicated that MPS of most of the vendors of the informal sector was relatively small and their MPC was relatively very high. The MPC of 150 vendors was estimated to be 0.697 and their MPS was estimated to be 0.303. Thus it can be concluded that these vendors of informal sector in Dhaka city spent about 70% of their small income. The coefficients of consumption functions for all types of vendors are statistically significant at 1% level. The values of R2 for vegetable vendors, tea vendors, fuckha vendors, fruit vendors, mixed vendors and all vendors together are 0.77, 0.87, 0.79, 0.82, 0.92 and 0.85 respectively. The estimates of the multiple regression shows that the family size, saving, gender and family have significant impact on the expenditure along with income of the households in informal sectors of Dhaka city in Bangladesh.
The continuum variability of MCG--6-30-15: A detailed analysis of the long 1999 ASCA observation
Creators: name: Shih, D. C.
name: Iwasawa, K.
name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an analysis in the 3--10 keV X-ray band of the long 1999 ASCA observation of MCG--6-30-15. The time-averaged broad iron K line is well-described by disk emission near a Schwarzschild black hole, confirming the results of earlier analyses on the ASCA 1994 and 1997 data. The time-resolved iron-line profile is remarkably stable over a factor of three change in source flux, and the line and continuum fluxes are uncorrelated. Detailed fits to the variable iron-line profile suggest that the active region (parametrized by the best-fit inner and outer radii of the accretion disk) responsible for iron line emission actually narrows with increasing flux to a region around 4--5 r_g. In contrast to the iron line, the power-law continuum exhibits significant variability during the 1999 observation. Time-resolved spectral analysis reveals a new feature in the well-known photon index (Gamma) vs. flux correlation: Gamma appears to approach a limiting value of Gamma ~ 2.1 at high flux. Two models are proposed to explain both the new feature in the Gamma vs. flux correlation and the uncorrelated iron-line flux: a phenomenological two power-law model, and the recently proposed ``thundercloud'' model of Merloni & Fabian (2001). Both models are capable of reproducing the data well, but because they are poorly constrained by the observed Gamma vs. flux relation, they cannot at present be tested meaningfully by the data. The various implications and the physical interpretation of these models are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Quantum Computer Systems for Scientific Discovery
Creators: name: Alexeev, Yuri
name: Bacon, Dave
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
name: Calderbank, Robert
name: Carr, Lincoln D.
name: Chong, Frederic T.
name: DeMarco, Brian
name: Englund, Dirk
name: Farhi, Edward
name: Fefferman, Bill
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
name: Houck, Andrew
name: Kim, Jungsang
name: Kimmel, Shelby
name: Lange, Michael
name: Lloyd, Seth
name: Lukin, Mikhail D.
name: Maslov, Dmitri
name: Maunz, Peter
name: Monroe, Christopher
name: Preskill, John
name: Roetteler, Martin
name: Savage, Martin
name: Thompson, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The great promise of quantum computers comes with the dual challenges of building them and finding their useful applications. We argue that these two challenges should be considered together, by co-designing full-stack quantum computer systems along with their applications in order to hasten their development and potential for scientific discovery. In this context, we identify scientific and community needs, opportunities, a sampling of a few use case studies, and significant challenges for the development of quantum computers for science over the next 2--10 years. This document is written by a community of university, national laboratory, and industrial researchers in the field of Quantum Information Science and Technology, and is based on a summary from a U.S. National Science Foundation workshop on Quantum Computing held on October 21--22, 2019 in Alexandria, VA.
Neofriseria peliella
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Neofriseria
Neofriseria peliella

description: Neofriseria peliella (Treitschke, 1835)
Bajmak 17–18. VI.1998; Berlin 30. VI –02. VII.1997; Moskovo 10.VII.1997, 18–19.VI.1998, 05.VII.2003; Tavatui 30. VII.1998. Common.
 Distribution. Widely distributed through Europe eastwards to the Urals. Outside Europe in Turkey and N Africa.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
MOESM1 of The effects of hemodynamic management using the trend of the perfusion index and pulse pressure variation on tissue perfusion: a randomized pilot study
Creators: name: Godai, Kohei
name: Matsunaga, Akira
name: Kanmura, Yuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial*.
Diagram involutions and homogeneous Ricci-flat metrics
Creators: name: Conti, Diego
name: del Barco, Viviana
name: Rossi, Federico A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E25 (Primary) 53C50, 53C25, 17B30 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a combinatorial method to construct indefinite Ricci-flat metrics on nice nilpotent Lie groups. We prove that every nilpotent Lie group of dimension $\leq6$, every nice nilpotent Lie group of dimension $\leq7$ and every two-step nilpotent Lie group attached to a graph admits such a metric. We construct infinite families of Ricci-flat nilmanifolds associated to parabolic nilradicals in the simple Lie groups ${\rm SL}(n)$, ${\rm SO}(p,q)$, ${\rm Sp}(n,\mathbb R)$. Most of these metrics are shown not to be flat.
description: v2: Corollary 5.7 added, stating that the Ricci-flat metrics can be taken to be nonflat; two remarks added (2.8,5.10); two references added; two misprints corrected in Table 2 and p.29. The paper contains 3 tables; 32 pages. To appear in Manuscripta Mathematica
MOESM4 of Co-existence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance in new Klebsiella pneumoniae clones emerging in south of Italy
Creators: name: Fasciana, Teresa
name: Gentile, Bernardina
name: Aquilina, Maria
name: Ciammaruconi, Andrea
name: Mascarella, Chiara
name: Anselmo, Anna
name: Fortunato, Antonella
name: Fillo, Silvia
name: Petralito, Giancarlo
name: Florigio Lista
name: Giammanco, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4. SNP phylogenetic tree. Core Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms dendrogram.
Photometric Redshifts of Quasars
Creators: name: Richards, Gordon T.
name: Weinstein, Michael A.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Berk, Daniel E. Vanden
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the design of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) filter system and the quality of the SDSS imaging data are sufficient for determining accurate and precise photometric redshifts (``photo-z''s) of quasars. Using a sample of 2625 quasars, we show that photo-z determination is even possible for z<=2.2 despite the lack of a strong continuum break that robust photo-z techniques normally require. We find that, using our empirical method on our sample of objects known to be quasars, approximately 70% of the photometric redshifts are correct to within delta z = 0.2; the fraction of correct photometric redshifts is even better for z>3. The accuracy of quasar photometric redshifts does not appear to be dependent upon magnitude to nearly 21st magnitude in i'. Careful calibration of the color-redshift relation to 21st magnitude may allow for the discovery of on the order of 10^6 quasars candidates in addition to the 10^5 quasars that the SDSS will confirm spectroscopically. We discuss the efficient selection of quasar candidates from imaging data for use with the photometric redshift technique and the potential scientific uses of a large sample of quasar candidates with photometric redshifts.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, submitted to AJ
The Star Cluster System of the NGC 7673 Starburst
Creators: name: Homeier, Nicole
name: Gallagher, John S.
name: Pasquali, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the star cluster system in the starburst galaxy NGC 7673 using archival Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 broad-band images. For the first time we are able to examine the internal structures of the prominent optical clumps in this galaxy. The clumps are composed of young stars, 16-33 % of which are in bright star clusters. We identify 268 star cluster candidates in both the F555W and F814W images, and 50 clusters with the F255W filter. These data allow us to estimate ages and masses using color-magnitude and two-color diagrams for our sample. We find a population of young, < 6 Myr clusters located throughout the galaxy with concentrations in the clumps. Star cluster mass estimates are 5-50 x 10^4 M_solar for the brightest objects. The starburst remains active in physically well-separated regions, indicating a widespread starburst trigger. We discuss clump lifetimes, their implications for the future evolution of NGC 7673, and possible relationships to high redshift starbursts.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
A binary mixture of Bose-Einstein-condensates in a double-well potential: Berry phase and two-mode entanglement
Creators: name: Günay, Mehmet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A binary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensate structures exhibit an incredible richness in terms of holding different kinds of phases. Depending on the ratio of the inter- and intra-atomic interactions, the transition from mixed to separated phase, which is also known as the miscibility-immiscibility transition, has been reported in different setups and by different groups. Here, we describe such type of quantum phase transition in an effective Hamiltonian approach, by applying Holstein-Primakoff transformation in the limit of large number of particles. We demonstrate that non-trivial geometric phase near the critical coupling is present, which confirms the connection between Berry phase and quantum phase transition. We also show that, by using the spin form of Hillery & Zubairy criterion, a two mode entanglement accompanies this transition in the limit of large, but not infinite number of particles.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
ANALYSING INTRA-YEAR PRICE VARIATIONS AND PRICE FLEXIBILITY OF SELECTED CROPS FOR LOCAL LEVEL PLANNING IN BANGLADESH
Creators: name: Salam, Shakila
name: Alam, Shamsul
name: Moniruzzaman, M.
name: Salam, Shakila
name: Alam, Shamsul
name: Moniruzzaman, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Realizing the significance of crop production, this paper has attempted to determine own-price flexibilities and cross- price flexibilities of selected crops viz. Boro paddy, wheat, lentil and potato, and estimate monthly price variations for local level planning. In estimating own-price fluctuation of selected crops, price flexibility coefficients have turned out significant, except lentil. Among these crops, quantity of Boro paddy was highly responded to its price. Cross-price flexibilities of Boro paddy with Aman and wheat were found negative, meaning that these crops are substitute. It implied that, increase in the quantity of one reduces the price of another. Positive flexibilities were also found in Boro with potato, wheat with potato and lentil with potato, which means two crops were competing in production for using the same resources. Three years average price variations depict that prices of the selected crops fluctuated from month to month especially before harvest period. It was also found that price pattern of crop may not be same in all markets except potato markets. By knowing the local price variations farmers may take appropriate selling and storing decisions, which may help them to get higher price from the market.
RICE VERSUS SHRIMP FARMING IN KHULNA DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH: INTERPRETATIONS OF FIELD-LEVEL DATA
Creators: name: Fatema, Kanij
name: Miah, Tofazzal H
name: Fatema, Kanij
name: Miah, Tofazzal H
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This study was designed to assess the relative profitability of rice and shrimp farming in two villages of Tildanga Union in Dacope Upazila of Khulna district in Bangladesh. In total, 120 farmers were randomly selected for the study. Descriptive statistics, activity budgets, Cobb-Douglas production function model were employed to achieve the objectives of the study. The study confirmed that both T. Aman rice and shrimp production were profitable. Shrimp production is more profitable than the rice production. Despite the fact, a large number of farmers prefer rice to shrimp due to environmental effects and welfare grounds of the common people. The results clearly indicated that farmers were producing in rational zone of a typical production function. Nevertheless, there is a scope to increase both Aman rice and shrimp by applying more doses of the concerned inputs under the present technology. It was concluded that all the farmers’ opinions regarding crop cultivation were not same in the study area. The present study, of course, assessed the profitability of growing transplanted Aman rice and shrimp in Polder 31 and has given some important clues to make right decisions regarding better options for more environment-friendly profitable crop farming for individual farmers in Polder 31.
A bitter choice turned sweet: How acknowledging individuals' concern at having a low relative income serves to align utilitarianism and egalitarianism
Creators: name: Stark, Oded
name: Jakubek, Marcin
name: Martyna, Kobus
name: Stark, Oded
name: Jakubek, Marcin
name: Martyna, Kobus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Utilitarianism
subject: Egalitarianism
subject: Social welfare maximization
subject: Low relative income

description: When individuals’ utility is a convex combination of their income and their concern at having a low relative income (the weights attached to income and to the concern at having a low relative income sum up to one), the maximization of aggregate utility yields an equal income distribution. This alignment of utilitarianism and egalitarianism is obtained for any number of individuals, and for general utility functions that are convex combinations of a power function of income and the concern at having a low relative income. The alignment can also hold when the weights sum up to a number different than one.
Detailed and Practical 3D Reconstruction with Advanced Photometric Stereo Modelling
Creators: name: Logothetis, Fotios
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Computer Vision
Photometric Stereo
3D reconstruction

description: Object 3D reconstruction has always been one of the main objectives of computer vision. After many decades of research, most techniques are still unsuccessful at recovering high resolution surfaces, especially for objects with limited surface texture. Moreover, most shiny materials are particularly hard to reconstruct. Photometric Stereo (PS), which operates by capturing multiple images under changing illumination has traditionally been one of the most successful techniques at recovering a large amount of surface details, by exploiting the relationship between shading and local shape. However, using PS has been highly impractical because most approaches are only applicable in a very controlled lab setting and limited to objects experiencing diffuse reflection. Nevertheless, recent advances in differential modelling have made complicated Photometric Stereo models possible and variational optimisations for these kinds of models show remarkable resilience to real world imperfections such as non-Gaussian noise and other outliers. Thus, a highly accurate, photometric-based reconstruction system is now possible. The contribution of this thesis is threefold. First of all, the Photometric Stereo model is extended in order to be able to deal with arbitrary ambient lighting. This is a step towards acquisition in a non-fully controlled lab setting. Secondly, the need for a priori knowledge of the light source brightness and attenuation characteristics is relaxed as an alternating optimisation procedure is proposed which is able to estimate these parameters. This extension allows for quick acquisition with inexpensive LEDs that exhibit unpredictable illumination characteristics (flickering etc). Finally, a volumetric parameterisation is proposed which allows one to tackle the multi-view Photometric Stereo problem in a similar manner, in a simple unified differential model. This final extension allows for complete object reconstruction merging information from multiple images taken from multiple viewpoints and variable illumination. The theoretical work in this thesis is experimentally evaluated in a number of challenging real world experiments, with data captured by custom-made hardware. In addition, the applicability of the generality of the proposed models is demonstrated by presenting a differential model for the shape of polarisation problem, which leads to a unified optimisation problem, fusing information from both methods. This allows for the acquisition of geometrical information about objects such as semi-transparent glass, hitherto hard to deal with.
Neofriseria mongolinella Piskunov 1987, stat. rev.
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Neofriseria
Neofriseria mongolinella

description: Neofriseria mongolinella Piskunov, 1987 stat. rev.
Figs. 41–44
 (= Neofriseria sceptrophora auct.)
Chalk Hills 03–07.VI.1998, 21–22.VI.1999, 31.VII.2000, 30–31.VIII.2000, 10–11.VI.2001, 29.VI– 02.VII.2003, 25–28.V.2004, 20–22.VIII.2006; Verbljushka 30.V–02.VI.1998, 10–12.VI.1998, 14– 15.VII.1998, 13–14.V.1999, 17–19.VI.1999, 27–29.VII.2000, 27.VIII.2000, 10.IX.2002, 28.VI.2003, 30.V– 01.VI.2004. A total of 194 exx. Genitalia slides: K. Nupponen prep. no. 1/ 24.XI.2008 (♂), 2/ 24.XI.2008 (♀).
 Distribution. Russia (S Ural), Siberia (Tuva), Mongolia.
 Remarks. This species is new to Europe. Piskunov (1987) erroneously considered Neofriseria mongolinella Piskunov, 1987 as a junior synonym of N. sceptrophora (Meyrick, 1926) from Turkey and Afghanistan, regarding it a subspecies of the latter. There are, however, clear differences in the wing pattern and genitalia between the two species.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Possible Origin of RHIC R_{out}/R_{sid} HBT Results
Creators: name: Padula, Sandra S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of opacity of the nuclei together with a blackbody type of emission along the system history are considered as a means to explain the ratio $R_{out}/R_{sid}$ observed by STAR and PHENIX collaborations at RHIC. Within our model, no flow is required to explain the data trend of this ratio for large surface emissivities.
description: 4 pages, 2 Postscript figures, uses espcrc1.sty. Talk presented at Quark Matter 2002, Nantes, France, July 18-24, 2002; to appear in the proceedings (Nucl. Phys. A)
Far-Infrared photometry of a statistical sampleof late-type Virgo Cluster galaxies
Creators: name: Tuffs, Richard J.
name: Popescu, Cristina C.
name: Pierini, Daniele
name: Voelk, Heinrich J.
name: Hippelein, Hans
name: Leech, Kieron
name: Metcalfe, Leo
name: Heinrichsen, Ingolf
name: Xu, Cong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep diffraction-limited far-infrared (FIR) strip maps of a sample of 63 galaxies later than S0 and brighter than B_T 16.8, selected from the Virgo Cluster Catalogue of Binggeli, Sandage & Tammann. The ISOPHOT instrument on board the Infrared Space Observatory was used to achieve sensitivities typically an order of magnitude deeper than IRAS in the 60 and 100 micron bands and to reach the confusion limit at 170 microns. The averaged 3 sigma upper limits for integrated flux densities of point sources at 60, 100 and 170 microns are 43, 33 and 58 mJy, respectively. 54 galaxies (85.7 percent) are detected at least at one wavelength, and 40 galaxies (63.5 percent) are detected at all three wavelengths. The highest detection rate (85.7 percent) is in the 170 micron band. In many cases the galaxies are resolved, allowing the scale length of the infrared disks to be derived from the oversampled brightness profiles in addition to the spatially integrated emission. The data presented should provide the basis for a variety of statistical investigations of the FIR spectral energy distributions of gas rich galaxies in the local universe spanning a broad range in star-formation activity and morphological types, including dwarf systems and galaxies with rather quiescent star formation activity.
description: 53 pages (Latex), Fig. 10 is only available for the journal paper, to be published in ApJS, v139, March 2002
Neofriseria kuznetzovae Bidzilya 2002
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Neofriseria
Neofriseria kuznetzovae

description: Neofriseria kuznetzovae Bidzilya, 2002
Fig. 45
Burannoe 12.VI.2001 (1♂); Stepnoe 30.VII.2005 (1♂); Verbljushka 10–12.VI.1998 (1♂), 28.VI.2003 (1♂). Genitalia slide: J. Junnilainen prep. no. 02012001. Two further genitalia preparations preserved in glycerol.
 Distribution. E Europe: Moldova, Ukraine and Russia (S Ural). Outside Europe known from S Siberia (Altai, Tuva and Tomsk oblast) (Bidzilya 2002c).
 Remarks. The species has been misidentified as N. caucasiella until recently. The external appearance of the adult is illustrated here for the first time.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
XSP: Across-Stack Profiling and Analysis of Machine Learning Models on GPUs
Creators: name: Li, Cheng
name: Dakkak, Abdul
name: Xiong, Jinjun
name: Wei, Wei
name: Xu, Lingjie
name: Hwu, Wen-mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There has been a rapid proliferation of machine learning/deep learning (ML) models and wide adoption of them in many application domains. This has made profiling and characterization of ML model performance an increasingly pressing task for both hardware designers and system providers, as they would like to offer the best possible system to serve ML models with the target latency, throughput, cost, and energy requirements while maximizing resource utilization. Such an endeavor is challenging as the characteristics of an ML model depend on the interplay between the model, framework, system libraries, and the hardware (or the HW/SW stack). Existing profiling tools are disjoint, however, and only focus on profiling within a particular level of the stack, which limits the thoroughness and usefulness of the profiling results. This paper proposes XSP - an across-stack profiling design that gives a holistic and hierarchical view of ML model execution. XSP leverages distributed tracing to aggregate and correlates profile data from different sources. XSP introduces a leveled and iterative measurement approach that accurately captures the latencies at all levels of the HW/SW stack in spite of the profiling overhead. We couple the profiling design with an automated analysis pipeline to systematically analyze 65 state-of-the-art ML models. We demonstrate that XSP provides insights which would be difficult to discern otherwise.
Jahn-Teller effect and stability of the charge-ordered state in La1-xCaxMnO3 (0.5
Creators: name: Li, X. G.
name: Zheng, R. K.
name: Li, G.
name: Zhou, H. D.
name: Huang, R. X.
name: Xie, J. Q.
name: Wang, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The longitudinal ultrasonic sound velocity and attenuation, the resistivity, and lattice parameters were studied as a function of temperature from 30 K to 300 K in La1-xCaxMnO3 (0.5
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, PDF
MOESM5 of Stratified analysis of the correlation between gestational weight gain and birth weight for gestational age: a retrospective single-center cohort study in Japan
Creators: name: SATO, Noriko
name: MIYASAKA, Naoyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: Figure S2. Relationship between GWG and BW/GA percentile in the subgroups by pre-pregnancy BMI and BW/GA
On the complex disc-corona interactions in the soft spectral states of Soft X-ray Transients
Creators: name: Zycki, P. T.
name: Done, C.
name: Smith, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accreting black holes show a complex and diverse behaviour in their soft spectral states. Although these spectra are dominated by a soft, thermal component which almost certainly arises from an accretion disc, there is also a hard X-ray tail indicating that some fraction of the accretion power is instead dissipated in hot, optically thin coronal material. During such states, best observed in the early outburst of Soft X-ray Transients, the ratio of power dissipated in the hot corona to that in the disc can vary from ~0 (pure disc accretion) to ~1 (equal power in each). Here we present results of spectral analyses of a number of sources, demonstrating the presence of complex features in their energy spectra. Our main findings are: (1) the soft components are not properly described by a thermal emission from accretion discs: they are appreciably broader than can be described by disc blackbody models even including relativistic effects, and (2) the spectral features near 5-9 keV commonly seen in such spectra can be well described by reprocessing of hard X-rays by optically thick, highly ionized, relativistically moving plasma.
description: MNRAS, in press, 15 pages