cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Casimir--Polder induced Rydberg macrodimers
Creators: name: Block, Johannes
name: Scheel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate Rydberg atom pair potentials of Rb atoms in front of a perfectly conducting plate. The pair potentials are perturbed by both the Casimir--Polder potential acting on a single atom and the scattering contribution to the interatomic interaction. In contrast to the pair potentials in free space, at atom-surface distances $d_s \lesssim 4\,μ$m, avoided crossings appear. In the associated potential wells that are entirely due to dispersion interactions with the surface, there exist vibrational bound states, i.e. Rydberg macrodimers, with groundstate energies of up to $E = -68\,$MHz and radial expectation values of the order of several $μ$m.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Comments on orientifold projection in the conifold and SO x USp duality cascade
Creators: name: Imai, Shin'ichi
name: Yokono, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the O3-plane in the conifold. On the D3-brane world-volume we obtain SO x USp gauge theory that exhibits a duality cascade phenomenon. The orientifold projection is determined on the type IIB string side, and corresponds to that of O4-plane on the dual type IIA side. We show that SUGRA solutions of Klebanov-Tseytlin and Klebanov-Strassler survive under the projection. We also investigate the orientifold projection in the generalized conifolds, and verify desired features of the O4-projection in the type IIA picture.
description: 1+27 pages, 9 figures, references added; version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
title: Do sanctions reduce the military spending in Iran?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Farzanegan, Mohammad Reza
name: Dizaji, Sajjad F.
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
military spending
ARDL
sanctions
Iran

description: This study focuses on short and long-term effects of sanctions on military spending in Iran. Utilizing the annual data from 1960 to 2017 and the auto regressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, we show that the increasing intensity of sanctions dampen the military budget of Iran. By separating unilateral sanctions (where only the United States sanctions Iran) and multilateral sanctions (where, the United States acts in conjunction with other countries to sanction Iran), we show that only the latter class of sanctions have a statistically significant and negative impact on military spending of Iran. The negative effects of the multilateral sanctions on military budget are observed in both the short and long run time horizons. The results remain robust when controlling for other determinants of military spending such as gross domestic product (GDP), oil rents, trade openness, population, quality of political institutions, military expenditure of the Middle East region, non-military spending of government and the war period with Iraq.
Scale-invariant universal crossing probability in one-dimensional diffusion-limited coalescence
Creators: name: Turban, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crossing probability in the time direction is defined for an off-equilibrium reaction-diffusion system as the probability that the system of size L is still active at time t, in the finite-size scaling limit. Exact results are obtained for the diffusion-limited coalescence problem in 1+1 dimensions with periodic and free boundary conditions using empty interval methods. The crossing probability is a scale-invariant universal function of an effective aspect ratio, L^2/Dt, which is the natural scaling variable for this strongly anisotropic system.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
CHARACTERISATION OF A NOVEL SPINDLE DOMAIN IN MAMMALIAN MEIOSIS
Creators: name: Seres, Karmen Bianka
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Meiosis
PCM1
aMTOCs
Spindle
centrosomes
Lightsheet
TACC3
oocyte

description: The organisation of microtubule networks into a bipolar spindle is essential for reliable chromosome segregation during cell division. A pair of centrioles surrounded by pericentriolar material (PCM), define the canonical centrosome that acts as the main microtubule organising centre (MTOC) during mitosis. In mammalian meiosis, centrioles are eliminated early on during oogenesis. Despite the absence of centrosomes, a large number of centrosomal proteins are highly expressed in mouse oocytes. Here, I characterise the localisation and function of centrosomal proteins at a previously undescribed meiotic spindle pole domain (MSPD). An initial protein screen identified a group of pericentriolar satellite proteins that localised to a previously undescribed spindle pole domain throughout meiotic maturation in mouse oocytes, including Pericentriolar material 1 protein (PCM1). This domain was distinct from spindle microtubules and the acentrosomal microtubule organising centres (aMTOCs). Initial characterisation focused on PCM1, the main centriolar satellite scaffold protein in somatic cells. Depletion of PCM1 revealed interdependence with the essential aMTOC component, Pericentrin. In the absence of PCM1, aMTOCs could no longer assemble or maintain their structural integrity. PCM1 degradation and disassembly of aMTOCs disrupted spindle assembly and reduced the total amount of nucleated microtubules throughout meiosis. In the absence of the main microtubule nucleating aMTOCs, oocytes relied on the Ran GTPase activity to form a small bipolar spindle. A similar mechanism was previously reported in human oocytes that lack prominent MTOCs. The extended centrosomal protein screen identified additional components of the MSPD. TACC3, under the regulation of Aurora-A at aMTOCs, drive assembly of the MSPD. This domain was absent in MTOC free human oocytes but a second population of TACC3 (identified in mouse oocytes) localised to the meiotic spindle and K-fibres was essential for maintaining spindle pole integrity. Establishing the Lightsheet Z.1 system for live cell imaging of human oocytes enabled us to observe the dynamic distribution of TACC3 in these oocytes. In the absence of prominent MTOCs and the MSPD, human oocytes likely rely on other spindle assembly factors and motor proteins to organise their spindle. Future work to address if the absence of the MSPD could account (in part) for the observed spindle instability in human oocytes is an exciting outlook.
description: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Society, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department Schuh
MOESM3 of The feasibility and impact of embedding pedagogical strategies targeting physical activity within undergraduate teacher education: Transform-Ed!
Creators: name: Lander, Natalie
name: Koorts, Harriet
name: Mazzoli, Emiliano
name: Moncrieff, Kate
name: Salmon, Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3 Pre-service teachers experiences of active teaching, active breaks, active homework during their own (primary) schooling years (n = 218).
Two-dimensional orbital Hall insulators
Creators: name: Canonico, Luis M.
name: Cysne, Tarik P.
name: Rappoport, Tatiana G.
name: Muniz, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital-Hall effect (OHE), similarly to the spin-Hall effect (SHE), refers to the creation of a transverse flow of orbital angular momentum that is induced by a longitudinally applied electric field. For systems in which the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is sizeable, the orbital and spin angular momentum degrees of freedom are coupled, and an interrelationship between charge, spin and orbital angular momentum excitations is naturally established. The OHE has been explored mostly in metallic systems, where it can be quite strong. However, several of its features remain unexplored in two-dimensional (2D) materials. Here, we investigate the role of orbital textures for the OHE displayed by multi-orbital 2D materials. We predict the appearance of a rather large orbital Hall effect in these systems both in their metallic and insulating phases. In some cases, the orbital Hall currents are larger than the spin Hall ones, and their use as information carriers widens the development possibilities of novel spin-orbitronic devices.
Interpreting High-Resolution Spectroscopy of Exoplanets Using Cross-Correlations and Supervised Machine Learning
Creators: name: Fisher, Chloe
name: Hoeijmakers, H. Jens
name: Kitzmann, Daniel
name: Márquez-Neila, Pablo
name: Grimm, Simon L.
name: Sznitman, Raphael
name: Heng, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for performing atmospheric retrieval on ground-based, high-resolution data of exoplanets. Our method combines cross-correlation functions with a random forest, a supervised machine learning technique, to overcome challenges associated with high-resolution data. A series of cross-correlation functions are concatenated to give a "CCF-sequence" for each model atmosphere, which reduces the dimensionality by a factor of ~100. The random forest, trained on our grid of ~65,000 models, provides a likelihood-free method of retrieval. The pre-computed grid spans 31 values of both temperature and metallicity, and incorporates a realistic noise model. We apply our method to HARPS-N observations of the ultra-hot Jupiter KELT-9b, and obtain a metallicity consistent with solar (logM = $-0.2\pm0.2$). Our retrieved transit chord temperature (T = $6000^{+0}_{-200}$K) is unreliable as the ion cross-correlations lie outside of the training set, which we interpret as being indicative of missing physics in our atmospheric model. We compare our method to traditional nested-sampling, as well as other machine learning techniques, such as Bayesian neural networks. We demonstrate that the likelihood-free aspect of the random forest makes it more robust than nested-sampling to different error distributions, and that the Bayesian neural network we tested is unable to reproduce complex posteriors. We also address the claim in Cobb et al. (2019) that our random forest retrieval technique can be over-confident but incorrect. We show that this is an artefact of the training set, rather than the machine learning method, and that the posteriors agree with those obtained using nested-sampling.
description: 15 pages, 18 figures
title: News Shocks Spillovers: How the Euro Area Responds to Expected Fed Policy
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Rudel, Paul
name: Tillmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: spillovers
expectations
interest rates
News shock
forward guidance
monetary policy
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Monetary policy increasingly relies on steering market expectations about
future policy. This paper identi_es a monetary policy news shock based on a
VAR model. A monetary news shock is equivalent to new information about
the Fed's future monetary policy becoming available today. One example of
a monetary news shock is a Forward Guidance announcement, where the Fed
unveils its prospectively (binding) monetary policy, today. In this paper, we
study the spillover e_ects of news shocks. We estimate the response of the euro
area to an expected future policy tightening of the Fed. The U.S. news shock
improves sentiment and business cycle expectations in the euro area, which is
consistent with the notion of the Fed revealing favorable news by a tightening
announcement. We also distinguish the news shock from a conventional U.S.
policy surprise and find that they lead to diverging responses in the euro area.
Identification of new anti-nCoV drug chemical compounds from Indian spices exploiting SARS-CoV-2 main protease as target
Creators: name: , Umesh
name: Debanjan Kundu
name: Chandrabose Selvaraj
name: Singh, Sanjeev Kumar
name: Vikash Kumar Dubey
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The 2019-novel coronavirus (nCoV) has caused a global health crisis by causing coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic in the human population. The unavailability of specific vaccines and anti-viral drug for nCoV, science demands sincere efforts in the field of drug design and discovery for COVID-19. The novel coronavirus main protease (SARS-CoV-2 Mpro) play a crucial role during the disease propagation, and hence SARS-CoV-2 Mpro represents as a drug target for the drug discovery. Herein, we have applied bioinformatics approach for screening of chemical compounds from Indian spices as potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (PDBID: 6Y84). The structure files of Indian spices chemical compounds were taken from PubChem database or Zinc database and screened by molecular docking, by using AutoDock-4.2, MGLTools-1.5.6, Raccoon virtual screening tools. Top 04 hits based on their highest binding affinity were analyzed. Carnosol exhibited highest binding affinity -8.2 Kcal/mol and strong and stable interactions with the amino acid residues present on the active site of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Arjunglucoside-I (-7.88 Kcal/mol) and Rosmanol (-7.99 Kcal/mol) also showed a strong and stable binding affinity with favourable ADME properties. These compounds on MD simulations for 50 ns shows strong hydrogen-bonding interactions with the protein active site and remains stable inside the active site. Our virtual screening results suggest that these small chemical molecules can be used as potential inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and may have an anti-viral effect on nCoV. However, further validation and investigation of these inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 main protease are needed to claim their candidacy for clinical trials. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Economic and Environmental Impacts of Washington State Biofuel Policy Alternatives
Creators: name: McCullough, Michael
name: Holland, David W.
name: Painter, Kathleen M.
name: Stodick, Leroy
name: Yoder, Jonathan K.
name: McCullough, Michael
name: Holland, David W.
name: Painter, Kathleen M.
name: Stodick, Leroy
name: Yoder, Jonathan K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biodiesel
subject: biofuel policy
subject: computable general equilibrium
subject: CO2 equivalent emissions

description: A computable general equilibrium model is used to analyze the effectiveness of policy alternatives at achieving biofuel-related goals in Washington State. Policy regimes compared include blend mandates, generally funded volumetric and CO2e (CO2 equivalent) emissions-based tax/subsidy regimes, and revenue-neutral funded tax/subsidy regimes that use fossil fuel taxes to fund renewable fuel subsidies. Results suggest that a revenue-neutral CO2e emissions-based tax/subsidy is arguably the most effective single alternative for pursuing the full set of objectives emphasized in recent Washington State legislation.
title: The Long-Term Relationship Between De Jure and De Facto Judicial Independence
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Voigt, Stefan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: cointegration
Economics
Wirtschaft
Granger causality
Judicial independence
de jure
de facto
long-term panel data analysis

description: We study the long-term and dynamic relationship between de jure and de facto judicial independence using a large panel dataset covering up to 87 countries and as many as 61 years. In line with the prevailing theoretical view in the literature, our analysis shows a positive relationship between these variables. However, the magnitude of the relationship is quite small. The positive relationship between the two variables is primarily driven by non-OECD countries.
Discovery of new potential CDK2/VEGFR2 type II inhibitors by fragmentation and virtual screening of natural products
Creators: name: Vásquez, Andrés Felipe
name: Muñoz, Alejandro Reyes
name: Duitama, Jorge
name: Barrios, Andrés González
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR2) have largely been considered as attractive targets for developing anticancer agents. However, there is no dual inhibitor commercially available in the market that interacts simultaneously with the allosteric back pocket of these enzymes. We applied a combined computational strategy that started with the generation of two overlapping pharmacophore models of both kinases at ‘inactive’ conformation. Next, several virtual libraries of natural products, including the databases TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine), UEFS (Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana), NuBBE (Nuclei of Bioassays, Biosynthesis, and Ecophysiology of Natural Products) and AfroDb (African Medicinal Plants Database) were deconstructed using a non-extensive version of the approach RECAP (retrosynthetic combinatorial analysis procedure). These natural-product-derived fragments (NPDFs) were screened and merged into drug-sized compounds, which were filtered by Lipinski’s Rule-of-five (Ro5) and docking. As a result, two pharmacophore models, namely Hypo1 and Hypo2, were developed with an accuracy of 0.94 and 0.84, respectively. Deconstruction of natural products produced a set of 16655 unique non-extensive NPDFs that were screened against both pharmacophore models. Finally, after merging, Ro5-filtering and docking, we obtained a set of 20 hit compounds predicted to be diverse, developable, synthesizable and potent. The computational strategy proved successful to find virtual candidates of kinase inhibitors and therefore contributes to the identification of innovative multi-target compounds with potential anticancer activity. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Multiple Purposes, Multiple Problems: A User Study of Consent Dialogs after GDPR
Creators: name: Machuletz, Dominique
name: Böhme, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The European Union's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) requires websites to ask for consent to the use of cookies for \emph{specific purposes}. This enlarges the relevant design space for consent dialogs. Websites could try to maximize click-through rates and positive consent decision, even at the risk of users agreeing to more purposes than intended. We evaluate a practice observed on popular websites by conducting an experiment with one control and two treatment groups ($N=150$ university students in two countries). We hypothesize that users' consent decision is influenced by (1) the number of options, connecting to the theory of choice proliferation, and (2) the presence of a highlighted default button (``select all''), connecting to theories of social norms and deception in consumer research. The results show that participants who see a default button accept cookies for more purposes than the control group, while being less able to correctly recall their choice. After being reminded of their choice, they regret it more often and perceive the consent dialog as more deceptive than the control group. Whether users are presented one or three purposes has no significant effect on their decisions and perceptions. We discuss the results and outline policy implications.
Mixture-based Multiple Imputation Model for Clinical Data with a Temporal Dimension
Creators: name: Xue, Ye
name: Klabjan, Diego
name: Luo, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of missing values in multivariable time series is a key challenge in many applications such as clinical data mining. Although many imputation methods show their effectiveness in many applications, few of them are designed to accommodate clinical multivariable time series. In this work, we propose a multiple imputation model that capture both cross-sectional information and temporal correlations. We integrate Gaussian processes with mixture models and introduce individualized mixing weights to handle the variance of predictive confidence of Gaussian process models. The proposed model is compared with several state-of-the-art imputation algorithms on both real-world and synthetic datasets. Experiments show that our best model can provide more accurate imputation than the benchmarks on all of our datasets.
title: Subsidizing Renewable Energy: Higher Welfare by lower depreciation costs for fossil power plants?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Schäfer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Renewable Energy
Transition Period
Welfare Effects

description: There is a broad agreement that renewable energy sources (RES) will play an important role to abate CO2 emissions but there is a contentious debate about the economic sense to promote RES via subsidies. Many static analyses conclude that subsidizing RES ties up capital which could have been used more efficiently by other reduction strategies with lower marginal abatement costs (MAC). Dynamic models, in contrast, emphasize learning effects which lead to lower MAC of RES. In particular a start-up funding to induce an early market entry of RES may be advantageous to benefit from reduced MAC. To our knowledge there has been no attention so far to the effects of renewables’ promotion to the necessary shut down of power plants based on fossil energy sources (FES). With respect to the achievement of a certain long-term reduction objective an early market entry of RES allows a longer transition from FES to RES. This also means more time to shut down fossil-based power plants which can reduce respective depreciation costs. We use an endogenous growth model to focus on the trade off between the described decrease of depreciation costs and the capital tie-up of a subsidization of RES. We find that subsidizing RES can indeed lead to a higher welfare solely because of reduced depreciation costs. We conclude that an optimal strategy to reduce emissions should consider both the increase of renewable and the decrease of fossil electricity generation.
title: Decoupling the EU ETS from subsidized renewables and other demand side effects
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Schäfer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Promotion of Renewable En- ergy
Decoupling Overlapping Regulations
Economics
Wirtschaft
Intensity Standard
Emissions Trading

description: This paper analyzes the impact of the EU ETS on CO2 reduction in the German electricity sector. We find an ETS-induced emission abatement which is not exceeding 6 % of total emissions with a maximum already in 2010. Thereafter the ETS has not induced additional reductions. This outcome is sub-optimal. It corresponds to the recent debate about sub-optimal performance of the EU ETS caused by excessive allowances. Following up on this we develop a unilateral flexible cap to eliminate demand side effects which lead to excessive allowances. The unilateral flexible cap is based on emission intensities. Using the works of Newell and Pizer (2008); Sue Wing et al. (2009) we prove in a first step that an intensity-based emission cap is advantageous in the German electricity sector when compared to an absolute cap. An ex-post analysis shows that the amount of excessive allowances resulting from the economic crisis during the second trading period could have been significantly lowered with a unilateral flexible cap. This approach also decouples the EU ETS from a simultaneous promotion of renewable energy.
title: 01_0479
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
MOESM2 of The feasibility and impact of embedding pedagogical strategies targeting physical activity within undergraduate teacher education: Transform-Ed!
Creators: name: Lander, Natalie
name: Koorts, Harriet
name: Mazzoli, Emiliano
name: Moncrieff, Kate
name: Salmon, Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. FG/Interview Guide.
Entanglement and dynamics of diffusion-annihilation processes with Majorana defects
Creators: name: Nahum, Adam
name: Skinner, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupling a many-body system to a thermal environment typically destroys the quantum coherence of its state, leading to an effective classical dynamics at the longest time scales. We show that systems with anyon-like defects can exhibit universal late-time dynamics that is stochastic, but fundamentally non-classical, because some of the quantum information about the state is topologically protected from the environment. Our coarse-grained model describes one-dimensional systems with domain-wall defects carrying Majorana modes. These defects undergo Brownian motion due to coupling with a bath. Since the fermion parity of a given pair of defects is nonlocal, it cannot be measured by the bath until the two defects happen to come into contact. We examine how such a system anneals to zero temperature via the diffusion and pairwise annihilation of Majorana defects, and we characterize the nontrivial entanglement structure that arises in such stochastic processes. Separately, we also investigate simplified "quantum measurement circuits" in one or more dimensions, involving repeated pairwise measurement of fermion parities for a lattice of Majoranas. The dynamics of these circuits can be solved by exact mappings to classical loop models. They yield analytically tractable examples of measurement-induced phase transitions, with critical entanglement structures that are governed by nonunitary conformal fixed points. In the system of diffusing and annihilating Majorana defects, the relaxation to the ground state is analogous to coarsening in a classical 1D Ising model via domain wall annihilation. Here, however, configurations are labeled not only by the defect positions but by a nonlocal entanglement structure. The resulting dynamical process is a new universality class for the coarsening of topological domain walls, whose universal properties can be obtained from an exact mapping.
description: 20+5 pages, 16+1 figures; published version
The SURE Program and Its Interaction with Other Federal Farm Programs
Creators: name: Ubilava, David
name: Barnett, Barry J.
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Harri, Ardian
name: Ubilava, David
name: Barnett, Barry J.
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Harri, Ardian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: crop insurance
subject: disaster assistance
subject: farm bill
subject: SURE

description: We investigate potential effects of the Supplemental Revenue Assistance Payments (SURE) program introduced in the 2008 Farm Bill. Results suggest little impact on optimal crop insurance purchase decisions, though the SURE program does seem to provide an incentive for mid-level insurance coverage. For producers in the price counter-cyclical payment (PCCP) program, SURE payments are actually higher (lower) when commodity prices are high (low). This is not the case for producers in the Average Crop Revenue Election (ACRE) program.
Ultrahigh reflection from a medium with ultraslow group velocity
Creators: name: Kozlov, V. V.
name: Wallentowitz, S.
name: Raghavan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an incident wavepacket at the boundary to a medium with extremely slow group velocity, experiences enhanced reflection and a substantial spatial and temporal distortion of the transmitted wave packet. In the limit of vanishing group velocity, light cannot be transferred into the medium due to its perfect reflectivity.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Discovery of Potential Multi-Target-Directed Ligands by Targeting Host-specific SARS-CoV-2 Structurally Conserved Main Protease$
Creators: name: Joshi, Rakesh S.
name: Shounak S. Jagdale
name: Bansode, Sneha B.
name: S. Shiva Shankar
name: Tellis, Meenakshi B.
name: Vaibhav Kumar Pandya
name: Chugh, Anita
name: Giri, Ashok P.
name: Kulkarni, Mahesh J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in the current COVID-19 pandemic. Worldwide this disease has infected over 2.5 million individuals with a mortality rate ranging from 5 to 10%. There are several efforts are going on in the drug discovery to control the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection. The main protease (MPro) plays a critical role in viral replication and maturation, thus can serve as the primary drug target. To understand the structural evolution of MPro, we have performed phylogenetic and Sequence Similarity Network analysis, that depicted divergence of Coronaviridae MPro in five clusters specific to viral hosts. This clustering was corroborated with the comparison of MPro structures. Furthermore, it has been observed that backbone and binding site conformations are conserved despite variation in some of the residues. These attributes can be exploited to repurpose available viral protease inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2 MPro. In agreement with this, we performed screening of ∼7100 molecules including active ingredients present in the Ayurvedic anti-tussive medicines, anti-viral phytochemicals and synthetic anti-virals against SARS-CoV-2 MPro as the primary target. We identified several natural molecules like δ-viniferin, myricitrin, taiwanhomoflavone A, lactucopicrin 15-oxalate, nympholide A, afzelin, biorobin, hesperidin and phyllaemblicin B that strongly binds to SARS-CoV-2 MPro. Intrestingly, these molecules also showed strong binding with other potential targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection like viral receptor human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE-2) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). We anticipate that our approach for identification of multi-target-directed ligand will provide new avenues for drug discovery against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Government size and output volatility in Sub-Saharan African Countries: do threshold levels exist?
Creators: name: Mokoena, Khethang
name: Tweneboah, George
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: This study aimed to examine the threshold effects of government size on output volatility using a panel of 22 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries spanning over the 1997–2021 period. Hansen’s threshold methodology was used to estimate threshold levels of government size on output volatility. The findings show that there is a threshold value of government size on output volatility in SSA countries. The study further reveals that government size below the estimated threshold positively impacts output volatility more than above the threshold level. The implication is that smaller government size amplifies output volatility and this may partially support the Keynesian paradigm. The study further revealed that only financial development and inflation variables have a negative and statistically significant relationship with output volatility. Foreign direct investment, trade openness, and institutional quality index factors are weakly and positively related but have a statistically insignificant relationship with output volatility. These findings have policy implications such that policymakers should consider the estimated threshold level to mitigate output volatilities. Further, the development of the financial sector and economic diversification are key to addressing the volatility of output that may be brought by economic globalization in SSA countries. Achieving macroeconomic stability with a stable environment, investment, and economic growth is the goal of every national government. High levels of output volatility have negative welfare effects such as poverty, unemployment, and inequality. In sub-regions such as Sub-Saharan Africa, output volatility has been one of the challenges facing these national economies. Despite attempts to reduce output volatility in the region, it is still high according to world standards. There is a general view that the levels of government expenditure can play a significant role in either aggravating or mitigating the existing output volatility in the sub-region. However, policymakers do not know the exact ranges of government expenditure that can aggravate or reduce output volatility in their countries. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the threshold levels of government size on output volatility so that policy recommendations can be drawn based on optimal government sizes in these regions. Further, the study’s findings are likely to reveal other factors that cause output volatility, and knowledge of these factors can also inform policy actions to be taken to complement optimal government sizes to reduce output volatility.
Structural Insights on Binding Mechanism of CAD Complexes (CPSase, ATCase and DHOase)
Creators: name: Kanagarajan, Surekha
name: Dhamodharan Prabhu
name: Mutharasappan Nachiappan
name: Choubey, Sanjay Kumar
name: Jayaprakash Prajisha
name: Biswal, Jayashree
name: Jeyaraman Jeyakanthan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway enzymes constitute an important target for the development of antitumor drugs. To understand the role of binding mechanisms underlying the inborn errors of pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway, structure and function of enzymes have been analyzed. Pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway is initiated by CAD enzymes that harbor the first three enzymatic activities facilitated by Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase (CPSase), Aspartate Transcarbamoylase (ATCase) and Dihydroorotase (DHOase). While being an attractive therapeutic target, the lack of data driven us to study the CPSase (CarA and CarB) and its mode of binding to ATCase and DHOase which are the major limitation for its structural optimization. Understanding the binding mode of CPSase, ATCase and DHOase could help to identify the potential interface hotspot residues that favor the mechanism behind it. The mechanistic insight into the CAD complexes were achieved through Molecular modeling, Protein-Protein docking, Alanine scanning and Molecular dynamics (MD) Studies. The hotspot residues present in the CarB region of carboxy phosphate and carbamoyl phosphate synthetic domains are responsible for the assembly of CAD (CPSase-ATCase-DHOase) complexes. Overall analysis suggests that the identified hotspot residues were confirmed by alanine scanning and important for the regulation of pyrimidine biosynthesis. MD simulations analysis provided the prolonged stability of the interacting complexes. The present study reveals the novel hotspot residues such as Glu134, Glu147, Glu154, Asp266, Lys269, Glu274, Asp333, Trp459, Asp526, Asp528, Glu533, Glu544, Glu546, Glu800, Val855, Asp877, Tyr884 and Gln919 which could be targeted for structure-based inhibitor design to potentiate the CAD mediated regulation of aggressive tumors.
The Agricultural Significance in Economy of Vojvodina
Creators: name: Subić, Jonel
name: Cvijanović, Drago
name: Cvijanović, Gorica
name: Subić, Jonel
name: Cvijanović, Drago
name: Cvijanović, Gorica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: For Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, as well as for total Republic of Serbia, agriculture is not just domain of material production, but also a significant factor of economic growth. According to increased attention on agriculture, on present level of our country's social-economic development, the epithet of strategic branch (department) could be deservedly attached to it. The main goal of this work is to show specific macro-economic movements in agriculture, their influence on Serbian economy in reform process and preparation for European Union (EU) affiliation. In compliance with mentioned, the accent was put on agricultural role in economic system of Vojvodina.
Colorful patterned polyacrylate films prepared using cholesteric liquid-crystalline mixtures with a smectic order
Creators: name: Wang, Fei
name: Zhao, Jinghua
name: Li, Yi
name: Liu, Wei
name: Li, Hongkun
name: Yang, Yonggang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Polymer-stabilised cholesteric liquid crystal (PSCLC) films with selective circularly polarised light reflection have attracted much attention for their applications as polarisers, energy-saving windows and for displays. Herein, CLC mixtures were prepared using a nematic LC LC242 and a chiral compound S-6 with enantiotropic SmA and SmC* phases, which exhibited a cholesteric phase with a smectic order. After photopolymerisation, the PSCLC films with fingerprint structure at the surfaces and supramolecular helical structure inside were obtained. Due to the existence of short-range smectic order in the cholesteric structure, the Bragg reflection bands were broadened. For a CLC mixture, with increasing temperature, the short-range smectic order was suppressed, and the selective Bragg reflection band shifted to the short wavelength. Based on this thermochromic behaviour, colourful PSCLC patterns and gratings were prepared, which were able to be applied in decoration and anti-counterfeiting. Since the PSCLC films can be obtained within several seconds under air, large-area films can be prepared on coating lines at low-cost.
title: Reconciling Emissions Trading and the Promotion of Renewable Energy
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Schäfer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Promotion of Renewable Energy
Emis- sions Trading
Overlapping Regulations

description: The EU emissions trading system (ETS) and the promotion of renewable energy are overlapping regulations. Although the resulting early development of renewables is associated with several advantages such an overlap may violate the path of optimal abatement. Subsidies may cause a too high share of renewables in electricity generation. This results in additional expenses and efficiency losses. We develop a control mechanism serving as thumb rule to limit additional expenses. Under optimal implementation the rule significantly restricts additional expenses to a maximum of about 4 % of total abatement costs in worst case. This result holds for marginal abatement costs (MAC) approximated by any conical combination of weak convex power functions. This means high flexibility of MAC leading to high validity of the results. Consequences of a non-optimal implementation of the mechanism are examined as well. An empirical application to German data shows that the promotion of renewable energy has not yet violated the path of optimal abatement. However, data is restricted because the ETS has not induced an additional emission reduction since 2010.
SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) targeting: An in silico perspective
Creators: name: Elfiky, Abdo A
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: New treatment against SARS-CoV-2 now is a must. Nowadays, the world encounters a huge health crisis by the COVID-19 viral infection. Nucleotide inhibitors gave a lot of promising results in terms of its efficacy against different viral infections. In this work, molecular modeling, docking, and dynamics simulations are used to build a model for the viral protein RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and test its binding affinity to some clinically approved drugs and drug candidates. Molecular dynamics is used to equilibrate the system upon binding calculations to ensure the successful reproduction of previous results, to include the dynamics of the RdRp, and to understand how it affects the binding. The results show the effectiveness of Sofosbuvir, Ribavirin, Galidesivir, Remdesivir, Favipiravir, Cefuroxime, Tenofovir, and Hydroxychloroquine, in binding to SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. Additionally, Setrobuvir, YAK, and IDX-184, show better results, while four novel IDX-184 derivatives show promising results in attaching to the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. There is an urgent need to specify drugs that can selectively bind and subsequently inhibit SARS-CoV-2 proteins. The availability of a punch of FDA-approved anti-viral drugs can help us in this mission, aiming to reduce the danger of COVID-19. The compounds 2 and 3 may tightly bind to the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp and so may be successful in the treatment of COVID-19.
MOESM1 of The feasibility and impact of embedding pedagogical strategies targeting physical activity within undergraduate teacher education: Transform-Ed!
Creators: name: Lander, Natalie
name: Koorts, Harriet
name: Mazzoli, Emiliano
name: Moncrieff, Kate
name: Salmon, Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The theoretical basis of the adapted version of Transform-Us! (i.e., Transform-Ed!) and links to program objectives.