cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PERCEIVED “PRICE” OF GIVING’S RELATIONSHIP WITH CHARITABLE GIVING AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH REPUTATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS AND TRUSTWORTHINESS
Creators: name: Kim, Minjung
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Charitable giving is an important resource for nonprofit organizations, particularly for small and start-up organizations. For these types of organizations, securing existing charitable giving is essential, not only for their growth, but also for their survival. Existing studies on charitable giving have focused on organizational strategies that nonprofits can adopt or individual traits that lead to favorable attitudes or behaviors toward charitable giving. However, less attention has been paid to the individual decision-making process to give. In this respect, this dissertation develops one cognitive pathway in charitable giving: the perceived “price” of giving. The perceived “price” of giving originated in the economic literature, and refers to the way individuals perceive how much they have to give to produce one-dollar worth of program output. Based upon this process, this study focuses on the way people interpret and are influenced by information about an organization’s performance and reputational signals in their decisions to give. Using a large-N online experiment (total N = 9,238), I test the way individuals understand different performance signals through the mechanism of perceived “price” of giving. In Chapter 3, I validate the mechanism by which perceived “price” of giving influences charitable giving. Chapter 4 investigates the relationship between the signals of organizational reputational effectiveness and charitable giving and tests the mediating effect of the perceived “price” of giving. Chapter 5 studies the way perceived “price” of giving mediates the relationship between the signals of organizational trustworthiness and charitable giving. The findings suggest that the perceived “price” of giving is indeed an effective mechanism of charitable giving, and the two types of organizational signals are found to have significant effects on giving to varying degrees. This dissertation contributes to our knowledge of charitable giving by developing a mechanism of individual decision-making to give, suggesting a cognitive process that influences charitable giving, and finding evidence of this cognitive pathway and important organizational signals that influence perceived “price” of giving and individuals’ charitable giving decisions.
Brane running and AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Redi, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the formalism introduced in the paper hep-th/0209050 to compute correlation functions in the AdS/CFT correspondence. We show how the on-shell action of a scalar field in a compactification of AdS space can be obtained by flowing in the space of (non-local) theories with different sizes of the extra-dimension. Our method is relevant in particular for holographic computations in the Randall-Sundrum scenario with one or two branes and it allows the inclusion of brane-localized actions in a systematic way. The method can also be generalized to other backgrounds and does not rely on explicit knowledge of the solutions of the wave-equations.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected
DISGUST AS A DISCRETE EMOTION: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES FOR POLITICAL BEHAVIOR
Creators: name: Jorgeson, William
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation uses literature from political psychology and evolutionary psychology to develop specific, testable expectations regarding the behavioral consequences of disgust within the political context. These expectations are placed within the broader context of political science research on anger and anxiety, two other negative emotions which have received more study in the past. The expectations derived in this paper serve to establish disgust as discrete emotional construct with discrete causes and consequences, rather than simply an analogue for other negative emotions, or for generalized disapproval. These expectations are that disgust correlates with a uniquely large increase in negative evaluation of political opposition, that disgust felt in a bipartisan way results in withdrawal from political engagement, and that Republicans are particularly susceptible to these effects by comparison to Democrats. The hypotheses derived from these expectations are tested across three studies using both the American National Election Studies 2016 time-series dataset as well as two survey experiments, one conducted on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk service, another as a module on the 2019 Congressional Cooperative Election Studies. Not all of the hypotheses are supported, with the evidence from survey experiments in particular failing to produce results, but all of these expectations do find some degree of support in the observational data of the American National Election Studies.
title: Occupational therapy for the upper limb after stroke: implementing evidence-based constraint induced movement therapy into practice
Creators: name: Jarvis, KA
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: Background Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT), an intervention to increase upper limb (UL) function post-stroke, is not used routinely by therapists in the United Kingdom; reasons for this are unknown. Using the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework to analyse CIMT research and context, a series of related studies explored implementation of CIMT into practice. Methods and Findings Systematic review: nineteen CIMT randomised controlled trials found evidence of effectiveness in sub-acute stroke, but could not determine the most effective evidence-based protocols. Further review of qualitative data found paucity of evidence relating to acceptability and feasibility of CIMT. Focus group: perceptions of the feasibility, including facilitators and barriers, of implementing CIMT into practice were explored in a group of eight therapists. Thematic analysis identified five themes: personal characteristics; setting and support; ethical considerations; education and training; and practicalities, which need to be addressed prior to implementation of CIMT. Mixed-methods, pilot study (three single cases): pre- and post-CIMT (participant preferred protocol) interviews explored perceptions and experiences of CIMT, with pre- and post-CIMT measurement of participation and UL function. Findings indicated: (i) provision of evidence-based CIMT protocols was feasible, although barriers persisted; (ii) piloted data collection and analysis methods facilitated exploration of stroke survivors’ perceptions and experiences, and recorded participation and UL function. Conclusions Findings traversed PARIHS elements (evidence, context, facilitation), and should be considered prior to further CIMT implementation. Future studies of CIMT should explore: effects of CIMT protocol variations; characteristics of stroke survivors most likely to benefit from CIMT; interactions between CIMT and participation.
Measurement of the Generalized Polarizabilities of the Proton in Virtual Compton Scattering at Q2= 0.92 and 1.76 GeV2
Creators: name: The Jefferson Lab Hall A Collaboration
name: Laveissiere, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a Virtual Compton Scattering study of the proton at low CM energies. We have determined the structure functions $P_{LL}-P_{TT}/ε$ and $P_{LT}$, and the electric and magnetic Generalized Polarizabilities (GPs) $α_E(Q2)$ and $β_M(Q2)$ at momentum transfer Q2= 0.92 and 1.76 GeV2. The electric GP shows a strong fall-off with Q2, and its global behavior does not follow a simple dipole form. The magnetic GP shows a rise and then a fall-off; this can be interpreted as the dominance of a long-distance diamagnetic pion cloud at low Q2, compensated at higher Q2 by a paramagnetic contribution from $πN$ intermediate states.
description: 4 pages, 2 Figs. Version for PRL after PRL cancelled their request for reducing length of paper
DISGUST AS A DISCRETE EMOTION: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES FOR POLITICAL BEHAVIOR
Creators: name: Jorgeson, William
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This dissertation uses literature from political psychology and evolutionary psychology to develop specific, testable expectations regarding the behavioral consequences of disgust within the political context. These expectations are placed within the broader context of political science research on anger and anxiety, two other negative emotions which have received more study in the past. The expectations derived in this paper serve to establish disgust as discrete emotional construct with discrete causes and consequences, rather than simply an analogue for other negative emotions, or for generalized disapproval. These expectations are that disgust correlates with a uniquely large increase in negative evaluation of political opposition, that disgust felt in a bipartisan way results in withdrawal from political engagement, and that Republicans are particularly susceptible to these effects by comparison to Democrats. The hypotheses derived from these expectations are tested across three studies using both the American National Election Studies 2016 time-series dataset as well as two survey experiments, one conducted on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk service, another as a module on the 2019 Congressional Cooperative Election Studies. Not all of the hypotheses are supported, with the evidence from survey experiments in particular failing to produce results, but all of these expectations do find some degree of support in the observational data of the American National Election Studies.
DETERMINANTS OF VARIATIONS IN FIRM-LEVEL PERFORMANCE
DETERMINANTY KOLISANIA VYKONNOSTI NA PODNIKOVEJ UROVNI
Creators: name: RAJCANIOVA, Miroslava
name: BIELIK, Peter
name: RAJCANIOVA, Miroslava
name: BIELIK, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: firm performance
subject: profitability
subject: agricultural enterprises

description: The evaluation of firm performance does not lose its importance. It is often discussed research topic not only in economics, but also in strategic management, accounting and finance. According to different resources, there are many reasons for heterogeneity in firm performance. Our paper investigates the determinants of profitability on a sample of agricultural enterprises farming in Slovakia over the period 1997-2005. In the first part of the paper, we bring a brief overview of existing studies dealing with performance of agricultural production units. Later on we focused on evaluation of size, market share, gearing ratio, and liquidity impact on the profitability.
Dispersive estimate for the Schroedinger equation with point interactions
Creators: name: D'Ancona, Piero
name: Pierfelice, Vittoria
name: Teta, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40; 58J37

description: We consider the Schroedinger operator in R^3 with N point interactions placed at Y=(y_1, ... ,y_N), y_j in R^3, of strength a=(a_1, ... ,a_N). Exploiting the spectral theorem and the rather explicit expression for the resolvent we prove a (weighted) dispersive estimate for the corresponding Schroedinger flow. In the special case N=1 the proof is directly obtained from the unitary group which is known in closed form.
description: 12 pages
DATA, DATA EVERYWHERE … HOW CAN CITIES USE IT? DRAWING DESCRIPTIVE AND PREDICTIVE INSIGHTS FROM NEW AND EXISTING BIG DATA
Creators: name: Romzek, Wallis Greenamyre
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In recent decades, cities have engaged in a more networked governance style of public management which recognizes the value of input from public, private, and individual stakeholders in the pursuit of effective and efficient government. Residents are key players in an inclusive, participatory, and efficient governance process and are uniquely qualified to offer feedback and expertise. However, their input is often underutilized due to public managers’ lack of time or capacity to capture, analyze and interpret it. This can result in the omission of valuable insights from residents in community analysis, policy evaluation, or planning processes. These papers on the use and utility of resident input data represent important early steps in understanding analytics that can enable cities’ use of the big, open-source, and free data available to them. These papers demonstrate how a city can transform resident input into information at scale to inform policy and practice. They model the use of two large sets of resident input data that can facilitate new insights into the current and future states of a modern city. Two chapters explore patterns in resident data generated by use of a city’s 311 service request system and use them to develop a Bayesian Network to predict future service demand. The third chapter evaluates the sentiment of Twitter posts that mention specific neighborhoods to determine their effect on real-word indicators of neighborhood housing change.
title: 'Maybe I can take you by the hand and we can do this': Transitions, Translation and Transformation in Creative Dance.
Creators: name: Hanna, Julie Rachel
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: This is an explorative and qualitative research study that uses critical and reflexive ethnographic methods (Denzin and Lincoln, 2002). It explores the dance artist’s role in participative and somatic dance, recognising dance as a culturally constructed mode of human action (Buckland, 1999, p. 4). The dance artist is often under-represented and largely invisible in the dance-health literature. This study contributes to this gap in knowledge by exploring the embodied and intersubjective experiences of a group of independent dance artists practicing in a specific, creative, social, and cultural dance domain. Data was collected by adopting an ethnographic attitude of ‘being there’ (Geertz, 1988, p. 1) and embedding myself, as the researcher, in the field of study for a 12-month period. I engaged in a self-critical and self-conscious analysis (Etherington, 2004), thereby making explicit my orientations and assumptions as a researcher with a background in health care and occupational therapy. This is therefore an inter-disciplinary study exploring the potential transfer of knowledge between arts and health sectors. Data gathering methods included participant listening, observation and felt body experience to further understanding of the dance world experienced by this group of dance artists. Data was analysed using primarily ethnographic content (Glaser and Strauss, 1967), and some narrative thematic analysis (Riessman, 2003, 2008) of the dance artists’ partial life stories. The study findings suggest that social and intersubjective relations are key in this dance-health practice in enabling the dance artists, acting as Guides, to facilitate a heightened awareness of somatic and subjective lived body experience. The dance artists empower others to translate and find meaning, as they transition between different mind-body experiences. Corporeal learning and acculturation take place by participating in the creative dance practice, which both reflects and influences everyday life (Koff, 2005). This experience of embodied transformation is understood from the perspective of a salutogenic approach to health (Antonovsky, 1996) with an emphasis on capability, meaning and a sense of coherence. This is exemplified by a sense of congruence between the dance participants’ inner and outer physical experience (Blackburn and Price, 2007, p. 69). Essentially, the body is explored within a specific group of dance artists situated in a particular social and cultural dance-health setting. This doctoral research therefore seeks to bring embodiment before the sociological gaze (Crossley, 2007, p. 80) exploring the subjective and intersubjective lived body experience from a social perspective.
Discrete finite volume formulation for multidimensional fragmentation equation and its convergence analysis
Creators: name: Singh, Mehakpreet
name: Matsoukas, Themis
name: Ranade, Vivek
name: Walker, Gavin
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: The present work is focused on developing a finite volume scheme for a multidimensional fragmentation equation. The finite volume scheme is established using the concept of overlapping of the cells whose mathematical formulation is both straightforward and robust on any kind of grid. The numerical development is further supported by thorough discussion of the mathematical analysis using Lipschitz condition and consistency of the method. The proposed finite volume scheme conserves the total mass in the system and is shown to estimate several other moments accurately, even though no special measure is taken to capture these moments. The testing of the proposed scheme is investigated against the constant number Monte Carlo method and exact benchmarking problems. The new scheme shows second order convergence on both uniform and nonuniform grids irrespective of the breakage kernel and selection function.
Functional Polymers for Lithium Metal Batteries
Creators: name: Sipei Li
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30604 Electrochemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Lithium metal anode based rechargeable batteries (LMB) are regarded as the most viable alternative to replace state-of-the-art lithium ion batteries (LIB) as they can provide higher-energydensity energy storage. With this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry being awarded to Akira Yoshino,
M. Stanley Whittingham, and John B. Goodenough for their contribution in developing LIBs, even more attention is now drawn to the development of LMBs. Due to the highly reactive nature of metallic lithium and the change with regard to cathode, electrolyte and anode design, the industrial success of LMB has yet to be achieved. Traditionally, in an LMB the role of polymeric components
is mostly limited to the role of separators and cathode binders. However, with the continued development of polymer chemistry and its growing number of applications in materials science, it is now recognized that designing and applying functional polymers can greatly improve the
practical performance of an LMB. This thesis describes how various polymer materials could be synthesized and tailored for improving the cycling stability of LMBs. Chapter 1 will systematically discuss the state-of-the-art of various macromolecular approaches to improve each major component of an LMB, namely the electrolyte/separators, anode-electrolyte interface, anode, cathode-electrolyte interface and highenergy- density cathode materials including layered metal oxides and sulfur. Chapter 2 describes the development of two polymer electrolytes with high lithium transference number prepared by
atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and anionic ring opening polymerization (ROP). Chapter 3 describes the development of two polymer based artificial solid electrolyte interface (SEI) that can stabilize the lithium deposition on the anode surface during lithium plating. One of the examples uses an organic/inorganic hybrid material prepared by covalently grafting polymers from a solid metal oxide by surface-initiated ATRP. Another one uses a single-ion polymer discussed in Chapter 2. Chapter 4 discusses the development of a composite lithium metal anode
that exhibits flowable properties and is compatible with ceramic solid electrolytes. Chapter 5 discusses how polymeric materials could be used as reactive surfactants to tailor the morphology of lithium metal from plain foils to microparticles and nanoflakes. Finally, a summary with outlook on future directions is provided.
Convective dynamics with mixed temperature boundary conditions: why thermal relaxation matters and how to accelerate it
Creators: name: Anders, Evan H.
name: Vasil, Geoffrey M.
name: Brown, Benjamin P.
name: Korre, Lydia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical simulations of convection frequently impose different thermal boundary conditions at the top and the bottom of the domain in an effort to more accurately model natural systems. In this work, we study Rayleigh-Benard convection (RBC) under the Boussinesq approximation. We examine simulations with mixed temperature boundary conditions in which the flux is fixed at the bottom boundary and the temperature is fixed at the top ("FT"). We aim to understand how FT boundaries change the nature of the convective solution compared to the traditional choice of thermal boundaries, in which the temperature is fixed at the top and bottom of the domain ("TT"). We demonstrate that the timescale of thermal relaxation for FT simulations is dependent upon the initial conditions. "Classic" initial conditions which employ a hydrostatically -- and thermally -- balanced linear temperature profile exhibit a long thermal relaxation. This long relaxation is not seen in FT simulations which use a TT simulation's nonlinear state as initial conditions ("TT-to-FT"). In the thermally relaxed, statistically stationary state, the mean behavior of an FT simulation corresponds to an equivalent simulation with TT boundaries, and time- and volume-averaged flow statistics like the Nusselt number and the Peclet number are indistinguishable between FT and TT simulations. FT boundaries are fundamentally asymmetric, and we examine the asymmetries that these boundaries produce in the flow. We find that the fixed-flux boundary produces more extreme temperature events than the fixed-temperature boundary. However, these near-boundary asymmetries do not measurably break the symmetry in the convective interior. We briefly explore rotating RBC to demonstrate that our findings with respect to thermal relaxation carry over to this more complex case, and to show the power of TT-to-FT initial conditions.
description: Published open access in Physical Review Fluids. The arXiv v3 appears roughly as published, but the published version is better proofread
Halogenated organic waste identification : qualitative method
Creators: name: Bell, Shaun
name: Lee, HyunWoo
name: Madadkhani, Shiva
name: Ng, Norvin
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The Environmental Services Facility (ESF) part of the University of British Columbia (UBC) Risk Management Services manages the disposal of hazardous chemical and biological waste generated by the various research laboratories at UBC. In a typical year, the ESF receives over 70 metric tonnes of waste from various university laboratories across the UBC campus of which approximately 17.5% is composed of halogenated organics. Although the UBC Laboratory Pollution Prevention and Hazardous Waste Manual requires each lab to segregate their solvent waste into allocated halogenated and non-halogenated containers, many containers labeled as non-halogenated waste have been found to be contaminated with halogens. Since the disposal method of these two types of waste is quite different, as non-halogenated waste can be recycled while halogenated needs to be incinerated, and due to higher treatment cost for halogenated waste, it is crucial that a simple, reliable and cost-effective protocol be established in order to identify the non-halogenated containers that have been contaminated with halogens. The ultimate goals of this project are to devise a reliable experimental method to safely identify contaminated waste containers, and to minimize the costs associated with solvent waste disposal. In the first part of the project, we examined the efficiency of a nitric acid and silver nitrate precipitation method in identifying waste containers that were contaminated with halogens. Furthermore two additional set of experiments involving ammonia were tested, in an attempt to identify the type and mass of each halogen present. The silver nitrate test was proven to be reliable and efficient in identifying 6 out of 10 contaminated containers which were originally labeled as non-halogenated. The dilute and concentrated ammonia tests however were not successful in identifying the type of halogen ion present in the samples and hence this test will not be continued by the succeeding group of students, who will be continuing on the project. It should be noted that the funding for this project was provided by the UBC Alma Master Society Sustainability Projects Fund through a Social Ecological Economic Development Studies (SEEDS) grant. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Squeezed Light for the Interferometric Detection of High Frequency Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Schnabel, R.
name: Harms, J.
name: Strain, K. A.
name: Danzmann, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum noise of the light field is a fundamental noise source in interferometric gravitational wave detectors. Injected squeezed light is capable of reducing the quantum noise contribution to the detector noise floor to values that surpass the so-called Standard-Quantum-Limit (SQL). In particular, squeezed light is useful for the detection of gravitational waves at high frequencies where interferometers are typically shot-noise limited, although the SQL might not be beaten in this case. We theoretically analyze the quantum noise of the signal-recycled laser interferometric gravitational-wave detector GEO600 with additional input and output optics, namely frequency-dependent squeezing of the vacuum state of light entering the dark port and frequency-dependent homodyne detection. We focus on the frequency range between 1 kHz and 10 kHz, where, although signal recycled, the detector is still shot-noise limited. It is found that the GEO600 detector with present design parameters will benefit from frequency dependent squeezed light. Assuming a squeezing strength of -6 dB in quantum noise variance, the interferometer will become thermal noise limited up to 4 kHz without further reduction of bandwidth. At higher frequencies the linear noise spectral density of GEO600 will still be dominated by shot-noise and improved by a factor of 10^{6dB/20dB}~2 according to the squeezing strength assumed. The interferometer might reach a strain sensitivity of 6x10^{-23} above 1 kHz (tunable) with a bandwidth of around 350 Hz. We propose a scheme to implement the desired frequency dependent squeezing by introducing an additional optical component to GEO600s signal-recycling cavity.
description: Presentation at AMALDI Conference 2003 in Pisa
Curvature-Induced Skyrmion Mass
Creators: name: Pavlis, Alexander
name: Psaroudaki, Christina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the propagation of magnetic skyrmions on elastically deformable geometries by employing imaginary time quantum field theory methods. We demonstrate that the Euclidean action of the problem carries information of the elements of the surface space metric, and develop a description of the skyrmion dynamics in terms of a set of collective coordinates. We reveal that novel curvature-driven effects emerge in geometries with non-constant curvature, which explicitly break the translational invariance of flat space. In particular, for a skyrmion stabilized by a curvilinear defect, an inertia term and a pinning potential are generated by the varying curvature, while both of these terms vanish in the flat-space limit.
description: 6 pages, 4 Figures
MAKTABGACHA TA'LIM SIFATINI OSHIRISH VA RIVOJLANTIRISH STRATEGIYALARI
Creators: name: Yigitaliyeva, Dilbarxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim sifatini oshirishga va yanada rivojlantirishga qaratilgan strategiyalar,maktabagcha ta’lim tizimini tubdan takomillashtirish,ta’lim sifatini oshirish,maktabgacha ta’lim tizimi rivojlanishi uchun olib borilgan va hozirda yangi tashkil etilgan islohotlar to’g’risida ma’lumotlar yoritilgan.
DATA, DATA EVERYWHERE … HOW CAN CITIES USE IT? DRAWING DESCRIPTIVE AND PREDICTIVE INSIGHTS FROM NEW AND EXISTING BIG DATA
Creators: name: Romzek, Wallis Greenamyre
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: In recent decades, cities have engaged in a more networked governance style of public management which recognizes the value of input from public, private, and individual stakeholders in the pursuit of effective and efficient government. Residents are key players in an inclusive, participatory, and efficient governance process and are uniquely qualified to offer feedback and expertise. However, their input is often underutilized due to public managers’ lack of time or capacity to capture, analyze and interpret it. This can result in the omission of valuable insights from residents in community analysis, policy evaluation, or planning processes. These papers on the use and utility of resident input data represent important early steps in understanding analytics that can enable cities’ use of the big, open-source, and free data available to them. These papers demonstrate how a city can transform resident input into information at scale to inform policy and practice. They model the use of two large sets of resident input data that can facilitate new insights into the current and future states of a modern city. Two chapters explore patterns in resident data generated by use of a city’s 311 service request system and use them to develop a Bayesian Network to predict future service demand. The third chapter evaluates the sentiment of Twitter posts that mention specific neighborhoods to determine their effect on real-word indicators of neighborhood housing change.
Recent BES charmonium results
Creators: name: Chen, Jiangchuan
name: Harris, Frederick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 58 million $J/ψ$ decays, we have investigated the $p \bar{p}$ invariant mass spectrum in the radiative decay $J/ψ\to γp \bar{p}$ and observe a prominent structure with mass near $2m_p$. Fitting with an S-wave Breit-Wigner, we obtain a peak mass of $M= 1859^{+3}_{-10}(\rm stat)^{+5}_{-25}(sys) MeV/c^2$. $J/ψ\to γη_c$ decays from the same sample are used to determine the mass, width, and hadronic branching ratios of the $η_c$. From a sample of 14 million $ψ(2S)$ events, the first observation of $χ_{cJ}$ (J=0,1,2) decays to $Λ\barΛ$ is made, and branching ratios are determined, which are larger than expected from the Color Octet Model. Branching ratios of $K_s^0K_L^0$ in both $ψ(2S)$ and $J/ψ$ decays are measured, and a more than four sigma deviation from the pQCD predicted "12% rule" is observed. In $ψ(3770)$ decays, evidence for the non-$D\bar{D}$ decay to $π^+π^-J/ψ$ is observed.
description: Submitted to the proceedings of EPS2003. 5 pages, 10 figures
Phonon-induced decoherence for a quantum dot spin qubit operated by Raman passage
Creators: name: Roszak, K.
name: Grodecka, A.
name: Machnikowski, P.
name: Kuhn, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study single-qubit gates performed via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) on a spin qubit implemented in a quantum dot system in the presence of phonons. We analyze the interplay of various kinds of errors resulting from the carrier-phonon interaction as well as from quantum jumps related to nonadiabaticity and calculate the fidelity as a function of the pulse parameters. We give quantitative estimates for an InAs/GaAs system and identify the parameter values for which the error is considerably minimized, even to values below $10^{-4}$ per operation.
description: Final version; considerable extensions; 18 pages, 7 figures
Breaking Anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ Symmetry by Spinning a Resonator
Creators: name: Zhang, Huilai
name: Huang, Ran
name: Zhang, Sheng-Dian
name: Li, Ying
name: Qiu, Cheng-Wei
name: Nori, Franco
name: Jing, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian systems, with symmetric or antisymmetric Hamiltonians under the parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) operations, can have entirely real eigenvalues. This fact has led to surprising discoveries such as loss-induced lasing and topological energy transfer. A merit of anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ systems is free of gain, but in recent efforts on making anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ devices, nonlinearity is still required. Here, counterintuitively, we show how to achieve anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry and its spontaneous breaking in a linear device by spinning a lossy resonator. Compared with a Hermitian spinning device, significantly enhanced optical isolation and ultrasensitive nanoparticle sensing are achievable in the anti-$\mathcal{PT}$-broken phase. In a broader view, our work provides a new tool to study anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ physics, with such a wide range of applications as anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ lasers, anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ gyroscopes, and anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ topological photonics or optomechanics.
description: 10+14 pages, 3+6 figures, 2 tables, to be published in Nano Letters
Black community conversations about opposing ethnically targeted marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages
Creators: name: Eaton, Tiffany M.
name: Kumanyika, Shiriki K.
name: DiSantis, Katherine Isselmann
name: Yadeta, Kenna
name: Grier, Sonya
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Efforts to reduce disparities in obesity prevalence affecting Black Americans are having limited success. One reason for this may be the disproportionate, ethnically targeted marketing of foods and beverages high in fat and sugar (FBHFS) to Black consumers. Such marketing promotes high consumption of FBHFS, leading to excess caloric intake and unintentional weight gain. We convened focus groups with Black men and women (total n = 57) in collaboration with community groups in three localities to elicit their views, as consumers and parents/caregivers, about targeted FBHFS marketing and potential ways to combat it. At each location, trained community members facilitated two sets of focus groups: one for adults aged 18 to 25 years and another for adults aged 26 to 55 years who had a 3-to-17-year-old child at home. Each group met twice to discuss food and beverage marketing practices to Black communities and reviewed a booklet about ethnically targeted marketing tactics in between. A directed content analysis of participant comments identified and explored salient themes apparent from initial summarization of results. Results show how parents are concerned with and critical of pervasive FBHFS marketing. In particular, comments emphasize the involvement of Black celebrities in FBHFS marketing—how and why they engage in such marketing and whether this could be shifted towards healthier foods. These findings suggest a potential role for counter marketing efforts focused on Black celebrity endorsements of FBHFS, possibly with a youth focus. They also underscore the need for additional, qualitative exploration of Black consumer views of ethnically targeted FBHFS marketing more generally.
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Assisted Multi-User OFDMA: Channel Estimation and Training Design
Creators: name: Zheng, Beixiong
name: You, Changsheng
name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To achieve the full passive beamforming gains of intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), accurate channel state information (CSI) is indispensable but practically challenging to acquire, due to the excessive amount of channel parameters to be estimated which increases with the number of IRS reflecting elements as well as that of IRS-served users. To tackle this challenge, we propose in this paper two efficient channel estimation schemes for different channel setups in an IRS-assisted multi-user broadband communication system employing the orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA). The first channel estimation scheme, which estimates the CSI of all users in parallel simultaneously at the access point (AP), is applicable for arbitrary frequency-selective fading channels. In contrast, the second channel estimation scheme, which exploits a key property that all users share the same (common) IRS-AP channel to enhance the training efficiency and support more users, is proposed for the typical scenario with line-of-sight (LoS) dominant user-IRS channels. For the two proposed channel estimation schemes, we further optimize their corresponding training designs (including pilot tone allocations for all users and IRS time-varying reflection pattern) to minimize the channel estimation error. Moreover, we derive and compare the fundamental limits on the minimum training overhead and the maximum number of supportable users of these two schemes. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed channel estimation schemes and training designs, and show their significant performance improvement over various benchmark schemes.
description: Early access in IEEE TWC (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9195133). In this paper, we derive and compare the fundamental limits on the minimum training overhead, the maximum number of supportable users, and channel estimation error of the two proposed multi-user channel estimation schemes in an IRS-assisted multi-user broadband communication system
A Comparative Study of Machine Learning Models for Predicting the State of Reactive Mixing
Creators: name: Ahmmed, B.
name: Mudunuru, M. K.
name: Karra, S.
name: James, S. C.
name: Vesselinov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Accurate predictions of reactive mixing are critical for many Earth and environmental science problems. To investigate mixing dynamics over time under different scenarios, a high-fidelity, finite-element-based numerical model is built to solve the fast, irreversible bimolecular reaction-diffusion equations to simulate a range of reactive-mixing scenarios. A total of 2,315 simulations are performed using different sets of model input parameters comprising various spatial scales of vortex structures in the velocity field, time-scales associated with velocity oscillations, the perturbation parameter for the vortex-based velocity, anisotropic dispersion contrast, and molecular diffusion. Outputs comprise concentration profiles of the reactants and products. The inputs and outputs of these simulations are concatenated into feature and label matrices, respectively, to train 20 different machine learning (ML) emulators to approximate system behavior. The 20 ML emulators based on linear methods, Bayesian methods, ensemble learning methods, and multilayer perceptron (MLP), are compared to assess these models. The ML emulators are specifically trained to classify the state of mixing and predict three quantities of interest (QoIs) characterizing species production, decay, and degree of mixing. Linear classifiers and regressors fail to reproduce the QoIs; however, ensemble methods (classifiers and regressors) and the MLP accurately classify the state of reactive mixing and the QoIs. Among ensemble methods, random forest and decision-tree-based AdaBoost faithfully predict the QoIs. At run time, trained ML emulators are $\approx10^5$ times faster than the high-fidelity numerical simulations. Speed and accuracy of the ensemble and MLP models facilitate uncertainty quantification, which usually requires 1,000s of model run, to estimate the uncertainty bounds on the QoIs.
description: 31 pages
Semiclassical description of D-branes in SL(2)/U(1) gauged WZW model
Creators: name: Fotopoulos, Angelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we examine some semiclassical features of D-branes in the SL(2)/U(1) gauged WZW model and determine the small fluctuation spectra for one class of branes. We compare our results with expectations from the CFT side.
description: 8 pages, 1 postscript figure, uses iopart.cls and iopart12.clo, Contribution to the Proceedings of the Workshop in String Theory, Leuven 2002, References added and one formula corrected
Black community conversations about opposing ethnically targeted marketing of unhealthy foods and beverages
Creators: name: Eaton, Tiffany M.
name: Kumanyika, Shiriki K.
name: DiSantis, Katherine Isselmann
name: Yadeta, Kenna
name: Grier, Sonya
Publisher: name: Springer Science+Business Media
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Efforts to reduce disparities in obesity prevalence affecting Black Americans are having limited success. One reason for this may be the disproportionate, ethnically targeted marketing of foods and beverages high in fat and sugar (FBHFS) to Black consumers. Such marketing promotes high consumption of FBHFS, leading to excess caloric intake and unintentional weight gain. We convened focus groups with Black men and women (total n = 57) in collaboration with community groups in three localities to elicit their views, as consumers and parents/caregivers, about targeted FBHFS marketing and potential ways to combat it. At each location, trained community members facilitated two sets of focus groups: one for adults aged 18 to 25 years and another for adults aged 26 to 55 years who had a 3-to-17-year-old child at home. Each group met twice to discuss food and beverage marketing practices to Black communities and reviewed a booklet about ethnically targeted marketing tactics in between. A directed content analysis of participant comments identified and explored salient themes apparent from initial summarization of results. Results show how parents are concerned with and critical of pervasive FBHFS marketing. In particular, comments emphasize the involvement of Black celebrities in FBHFS marketing—how and why they engage in such marketing and whether this could be shifted towards healthier foods. These findings suggest a potential role for counter marketing efforts focused on Black celebrity endorsements of FBHFS, possibly with a youth focus. They also underscore the need for additional, qualitative exploration of Black consumer views of ethnically targeted FBHFS marketing more generally.
Checks and balances : The concept and its implications for corruption
Creators: name: Ros, Luciano Da
name: Taylor, Matthew M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: It is often assumed that checks and balances are effective in curbing corruption, in part because checks and balances are so often assumed to be synonymous with the separation of powers. We argue that checks and balances are only one of several potential manifestations of the separation of powers. We suggest that the apparent correlation between checks and balances and control of corruption is driven by a variety of conditions antecedent to both. Using examples from Western democracies, we demonstrate that the concept of checks and balances is by itself an empty vessel, made effective only by hard factors such as the balance of political forces and soft factors such as the adherence of elites to particular behavioral norms. This does not mean that checks and balances cannot be useful, but rather that our assumptions about their precise utility may be misinformed: The relationship between checks and balances and curbing corruption is at best indirect.
Checks and balances : The concept and its implications for corruption
Creators: name: Ros, Luciano Da
name: Taylor, Matthew M.
Publisher: name: Fundacao Getulio Vargas, Escola de Direito de Sao Paulo
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: It is often assumed that checks and balances are effective in curbing corruption, in part because checks and balances are so often assumed to be synonymous with the separation of powers. We argue that checks and balances are only one of several potential manifestations of the separation of powers. We suggest that the apparent correlation between checks and balances and control of corruption is driven by a variety of conditions antecedent to both. Using examples from Western democracies, we demonstrate that the concept of checks and balances is by itself an empty vessel, made effective only by hard factors such as the balance of political forces and soft factors such as the adherence of elites to particular behavioral norms. This does not mean that checks and balances cannot be useful, but rather that our assumptions about their precise utility may be misinformed: The relationship between checks and balances and curbing corruption is at best indirect.
A piecewise linear model of self-organized hierarchy formation
Creators: name: Miyaguchi, Tomoshige
name: Miki, Takamasa
name: Hamada, Ryota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bonabeau model of self-organized hierarchy formation is studied by using a piecewise linear approximation to the sigmoid function. Simulations of the piecewise-linear agent model show that there exist two-level and three-level hierarchical solutions, and that each agent exhibits a transition from non-ergodic to ergodic behaviors. Furthermore, by using a mean-field approximation to the agent model, it is analytically shown that there are asymmetric two-level solutions, even though the model equation is symmetric (asymmetry is introduced only through the initial conditions), and that linearly stable and unstable three-level solutions coexist. It is also shown that some of these solutions emerge through supercritical-pitchfork-like bifurcations in invariant subspaces. Existence and stability of the linear hierarchy solution in the mean-field model are also presented.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures