cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Primordial fluctuations and non-Gaussianities in sidetracked inflation
Creators: name: Garcia-Saenz, Sebastian
name: Renaux-Petel, Sébastien
name: Ronayne, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy scalar fields can undergo an instability during inflation as a result of their kinetic couplings with the inflaton. This is known as the geometrical destabilization of inflation, as it relies on the effect of the negative curvature of the field-space manifold overcoming the stabilizing force of the potential. This instability can drive the system away from its original path in field space into a new inflationary attractor, a scenario that we dub sidetracked inflation. We study this second phase and its observable consequences in several classes of two-field models. We show that cosmological fluctuations exhibit varied behaviours depending on the potential and the field space geometry, and that they can be captured by single-field effective theories with either a modified dispersion relation, a reduced speed of sound, or an imaginary one --- the latter case describing a transient tachyonic growth of the fluctuations. We also numerically calculate the bispectrum with the transport approach, finding large non-Gaussianities of equilateral and orthogonal shapes. In the hyperbolic geometry the potentials of our models present a pole at the boundary of the Poincaré disk and we discuss their relationships with $α$-attractors.
description: 58+10 pages, 18 figures. Minor modifications. Version published in JCAP
Bethe Ansatz in the Bernoulli Matching Model of Random Sequence Alignment
Creators: name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Mallick, Kirone
name: Nechaev, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the Bernoulli Matching model of sequence alignment problem we apply the Bethe ansatz technique via an exact mapping to the 5--vertex model on a square lattice. Considering the terrace--like representation of the sequence alignment problem, we reproduce by the Bethe ansatz the results for the averaged length of the Longest Common Subsequence in Bernoulli approximation. In addition, we compute the average number of nucleation centers of the terraces.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures (some points are clarified)
Additional file 1: of Metabolomics identifies increases in the acylcarnitine profiles in the plasma of overweight subjects in response to mild weight loss: a randomized, controlled design study
Creators: name: Kang, Miso
name: Yoo, Hye Jin
name: Kim, Minjoo
name: Kim, Minkyung
name: Lee, Jong Ho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary data. Figure S1. An example of chromatogram of a QC sample. Figure S2. PCA with the QC samples. Table S1. Alignment score of the sampels. Table S2. Comparison of major nutrients' composition between the control and LCD groups. (DOCX 104 kb)
Tasmanian Jazz Identity: A History of Jazz in Tasmania 1917 - 1989
Creators: name: Petty, Simon
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Tasmania
Jazz
history
1917 to 1989

description: The Tasmanian Jazz Identity theme is used as the overarching framework for this research, which identifies unique factors in Tasmania’s jazz history compared with other Australian states. Identity, in its broad sense, is a product of geography and history. Australia has a continent-wide jazz regionalism and identity separate from the US; however, there is also much that is distinctive about Australia’s regional jazz scenes. Regional jazz scenes have not been extensively examined in the written histories of Australian jazz. Tasmania is one of the most unique as its isolation has resulted in differences from other jazz sites on Australia’s mainland. Therefore, Tasmania’s jazz scene needs to be understood in its own context; nowhere else in Australia are boundaries so formidable and fixed as Tasmania’s, with the Bass Strait and the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Despite its small population Tasmania has a high degree of autonomy. The individualism of Tasmania’s jazz scene and identities therein are linked to the broader Australian jazz style, but because of the conditions, geography and circumstances in which they evolved, Tasmania developed a distinct, localised, Australian jazz vernacular. The importance of this research is in bridging the gap in the existing literature on Australian jazz history by presenting a sequential, chronological account of Tasmania’s jazz scene from 1917 to 1989, and the musicians who created it. Accordingly, this research focuses on seminal musicians, bands, and identities who contributed to establishing and maintaining jazz activity in Tasmania. This is presented as detailed biographical accounts of individuals or ensembles and their principal contributions, together with a comprehensive investigation into the main musicians, bands, major events, locations, and organisations that developed the jazz scene. This primary research contributes to, and builds upon, the current knowledge and understanding of jazz developments in Australia. It moves beyond the standardised ideas of the Australian jazz identity, by focusing on the broader cultural landscape in order to better understand the role of jazz in the social history of Australia. It provides this information as a foundation for education and a better understanding of Australia’s rich jazz culture and presents a case for the acknowledgment of Tasmania’s important and unique contribution to Australian jazz.
Enhancing terahertz generation from a two-color plasma using optical parametric amplifier waste light
Creators: name: Sorenson, Shayne A.
name: Moss, Clayton D.
name: Kauwe, Steven K.
name: Bagley, Jacob D.
name: Johnson, Jeremy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show experimentally that the terahertz (THz) emission of a plasma, generated in air by a two-color laser pulse (containing a near IR frequency and its second harmonic), can be enhanced by the addition of an 800-nm pulse. We observed enhancements of the THz electric field by a factor of up to 30. This provides a widely accessible means for researchers using optical parametric amplifiers (OPA) to increase their THz yields by simply adding the residual pump beam of the OPA to the plasma generating beam. We investigate the dependence of the THz electric field enhancement factor on the powers of the two-color beam as well as the 800-nm enhancement beam. Numerical calculations using the well-known photocurrent model are in excellent agreement with the experimental observations.
description: Added discussions of the physical reasons for enhancement and suppression to the main text and the supplemental materials. Further shortened the main text and removed the acronym from the title
NMDA Receptor Transmembrane Domain: Structure and Divalent Ion Selectivity
Creators: name: Veras, Lea
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: During a synaptic signal, NMDA receptors are the only ionotropic glutamate receptor subfamily that besides glutamate require glycine and membrane depolarization to allow ion permeation. The depolarization is necessary to release Mg2+ of the channel of NMDA receptors. Of the ions that permeate these ion channels, Ca2+ is of importance because it is essential for learning and memory. Furthermore, NMDA receptor dysfunction has been associated with several nervous system disorders, and thus understanding NMDA receptor functions and dysfunctions are relevant for rational drug design. The mechanisms by which NMDA receptors select Ca2+ for permeation over all other physiological ions, while binding Mg2+ and restricting other ions’ permeation, are not well understood. We hypothesize that the slightly different atomic properties of Mg2+ and Ca2+ result in different mechanisms for how each divalent ion moves across the channel. To create a more complete picture of the permeation mechanism and prove our hypothesis, we performed a multi-level computational chemistry approach. Our research methods consisted of three main steps. The first step was to perform quantum chemical and molecular dynamic calculations to quantitatively predict ion interactions with solvents that mimic the heterogeneous environment of the protein. The second step consisted of modeling, refining, and equilibrating a homology model of the NMDA receptor transmembrane domain. The final step consisted of using the equilibrated transmembrane domain NMDA receptor model to study the actual ionic environment in the protein and simulate the energy involved in the permeation process. For the first step, we found that the solvents mimic the behavior of the residues in the core of our NMDA receptor model because in both set of systems Ca2+ is more permissive than Mg2+ to exchange ligands. As the conclusions in second and third steps, we also observed that the aspargines in the NMDAR model provide the ideal cage environment, that functions like branches and capture the each divalent ion. Hence, an equilibrated TMD NMDAR model was built, the presence of each divalent ion in the protein was simulated, and the permeation mechanism was better understood.
Million-Degree Plasma Pervading the Extended Orion Nebula
Creators: name: Guedel, M.
name: Briggs, K. R.
name: Montmerle, T.
name: Audard, M.
name: Rebull, L.
name: Skinner, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most stars form as members of large associations within dense, very cold (10-100 K) molecular clouds. The nearby giant molecular cloud in Orion hosts several thousand stars of ages less than a few million years, many of which are located in or around the famous Orion Nebula, a prominent gas structure illuminated and ionized by a small group of massive stars (the Trapezium). We present X-ray observations obtained with the X-ray Multi-Mirror satellite XMM-Newton revealing that a hot plasma with a temperature of 1.7-2.1 million K pervades the southwest extension of the nebula. The plasma, originating in the strong stellar winds from the Trapezium, flows into the adjacent interstellar medium. This X-ray outflow phenomenon must be widespread throughout our Galaxy.
description: accepted by Science, 23 pg, 7 figs, incl. Supplementary Online Material; this version of the work has been posted by permission of the AAAS. The definitive version was published in Science Express on Nov. 29, 2007, at http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/1149926; see also http://www.astro.phys.ethz.ch/papers/guedel/papers.html for downloads
Using YARD to Curate for Reproducibility
Creators: name: Christian, Thu-Mai
name: Arguillas, Florio
name: Peer, Limor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data curation; Open data; Reproducibility

description: Scientific reproducibility has captured the attention of academics, technologists, government agencies, private funders, and the public. We focus on computational reproducibility -- the ability to obtain the same results from the data and code used in the original study -- for two reasons. One, computational reproducibility is essential for understanding the complete scholarly record. Two, as data managers and archivists, we strongly feel that a test of computational reproducibility should factor into decisions about preserving and sharing these materials. Repositories have a responsibility to ensure the materials comprising the scholarly record can be used as expected in the long term. We advocate for curating for reproducibility (CURE), which involves activities that ensure that statistical and analytic claims about given data can be reproduced with that data. This 3-hour workshop is intended for librarians, data curators, and researchers of diverse professional backgrounds and experience. Participants will be introduced to the topic of curating for reproducibility, hear perspectives from three institutions practicing curating for reproducibility; learn about the CURE workflow and how to curate for reproducibility using YARD, a curation tool, using examples and hands-on activities. Participants will be invited to test YARD and deposit their own data and code.
Mapping the material in the LHCb vertex locator using secondary hadronic interactions
Creators: name: Alexander, M.
name: Barter, W.
name: Bay, A.
name: Bel, L. J.
name: van Beuzekom, M.
name: Bogdanova, G.
name: Borghi, S.
name: Bowcock, T. J. V.
name: Buchanan, E.
name: Buytaert, J.
name: Akiba, K. Carvalho
name: Chen, S.
name: Coco, V.
name: Collins, P.
name: Crocombe, A.
name: Marinho, F. Da Cunha
name: Dall'Occo, E.
name: De Capua, S.
name: Dean, C. T.
name: Dettori, F.
name: Dossett, D.
name: Dreimanis, K.
name: Dujany, G.
name: Eklund, L.
name: Evans, T.
name: Ferro-Luzzi, M.
name: Gersabeck, M.
name: Gershon, T.
name: Hadavizadeh, T.
name: Harrison, J.
name: Hennessy, K.
name: Hulsbergen, W.
name: Hutchcroft, D.
name: Jans, P. Ilten E.
name: John, M.
name: Kopciewicz, P.
name: Koppenburg, P.
name: Lafferty, G.
name: Latham, T.
name: Leflat, A.
name: Majewski, M. W.
name: McNulty, R.
name: Mylroie-Smith, J.
name: Oblakowska-Mucha, A.
name: Parkes, C.
name: Pearce, A.
name: Poluektov, A.
name: Pritchard, A.
name: Qian, W.
name: Redford, S.
name: Richards, S.
name: Rinnert, K.
name: Rodrigues, E.
name: Sarpis, G.
name: Schiller, M.
name: Schindler, H.
name: Smith, M.
name: Smith, N. A.
name: Szumlak, T.
name: Velthuis, J. J.
name: Volkov, V.
name: Wallace, C.
name: Wark, H. M.
name: Webber, A.
name: Williams, M. R. J.
name: Williams, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise knowledge of the location of the material in the LHCb vertex locator (VELO) is essential to reducing background in searches for long-lived exotic particles, and in identifying jets that originate from beauty and charm quarks. Secondary interactions of hadrons produced in beam-gas collisions are used to map the location of material in the VELO. Using this material map, along with properties of a reconstructed secondary vertex and its constituent tracks, a $p$-value can be assigned to the hypothesis that the secondary vertex originates from a material interaction. A validation of this procedure is presented using photon conversions to dimuons.
description: All figures and tables are available at https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-DP-2018-002.html
Transcription des brouillons de la danse de Salomé f654
Creators: name: CÉRÉdI
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: created: n.d.
Solitons and Instantons with(out) Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Hlousek, Zvonimir
name: Spector, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give model-independent arguments, valid in nearly any number of spacetime dimensions, that topological solitons and instantons satisfy Bogomol'nyi-type bounds and, when these bounds are saturated, satisfy self-duality equations. In the supersymmetric case, we also show that, in spacetime dimensions greater than two, theories with topological charges necessarily exhibit extended supersymmetry, in which the topological charge appears as the central charge. The significance of our arguments lies in their generality. In the supersymmetric case, we obtain insight into the contrast observed between topological charges in 1+1 and higher dimensional models. The centerpiece of our method is to require that the supersymmetric extension of a generic (non-supersymmetric) field theory be self-consistent. Our discussion of supersymmetric extensions is quite detailed, and introduces the notion of the "associated superfield" to construct such extensions.
description: 15 pages, harvmac. The major change is the addition of an important discussion on constructing the supersymmetric generalizations of non-supersymmetric theories. The paper has also been re-organized. This revision was inadvertently not submitted to the archive at the time of its completion last year
Infrared limit of quantum gravity
Creators: name: Wetterich, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the infrared limit of quantum gravity in presence of a cosmological constant or effective potential for scalar fields. For a positive effective scalar potential, one-loop perturbation theory around flat space is divergent due to an instability of the graviton propagator. Functional renormalization solves this problem by a flow of couplings avoiding instabilities. This leads to a graviton barrier limiting the maximal growth of the effective potential for large values of scalar fields. In the presence of this barrier, variable gravity with a field dependent Planck mass can solve the cosmological constant problem by a cosmological runaway solution. We discuss the naturalness of tiny values of the cosmological constant and cosmon mass due to a strong attraction towards an infrared fixed point.
description: new references, 9 pages , 3 figures
Prospects of Quantum Computing for Molecular Sciences
Creators: name: Liu, Hongbin
name: Low, Guang Hao
name: Steiger, Damian S.
name: Häner, Thomas
name: Reiher, Markus
name: Troyer, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular science is governed by the dynamics of electrons, atomic nuclei, and their interaction with electromagnetic fields. A reliable physicochemical understanding of these processes is crucial for the design and synthesis of chemicals and materials of economic value. Although some problems in this field are adequately addressed by classical mechanics, many require an explicit quantum mechanical description. Such quantum problems represented by exponentially large wave function should naturally benefit from quantum computation on a number of logical qubits that scales only linearly with system size. In this perspective, we focus on the potential of quantum computing for solving relevant problems in the molecular sciences -- molecular physics, chemistry, biochemistry, and materials science.
D3.4 Methodological framework for intersectional DEI policy case studies
Creators: name: Van Laer, Koen
name: Zanoni, Patrizia
name: Beeckmans, Joanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document serves as a practical guide for carrying out the exploratory case studies on intersectional policies. In total, ten in-depth case studies are conducted in order to generate insight in the nature and characteristics, the governance, design and implementation of effective intersectional GEP's and DEI policies in Research & Innovation (R&I) organisations and institutions, as well as on relevant organisational and extra-organisational factors affecting this. Hasselt University will coordinate the case study selection, set up the methodology, and conduct four case studies. Radboud University and FUOC will each conduct one case study and ZRC SAZU and Fraunhofer will each conduct two additional case studies.
These case studies are part of INSPIRE: European Centre of Excellence on Inclusive Gender Equality in Research & Innovation which aims to "develop innovative tools and knowledge to address intersecting inequalities across the public and private sectors and geographical regions in Europe" ("INSPIRE" 2023). The case studies are of high relevance for the project because they contribute to form the evidence-based of the Knowledge and Support Hub (KSH) 3 on Intersectionality led by UHasselt and Notus and will lead to two deliverables: D3.4 Methodological framework for intersectional DEI policy case studies and D3.5 Report on barriers & facilitating factors of effective DEI policies. However, as they allow for the theorization and operationalization of what an intersectional Gender Equality Plan (GEP) could look like, the case studies are also of relevance more broadly for Research and Innovation (R&I) organisations in Europe and beyond.
The focus on intersectionality reflects the increasing recognition of the importance of ensuring that those who experience multiple, intersecting forms of inequalities and disadvantages do not remain invisible in the design and implementation of equality policies (Garcia and Zajicek 2022). In Horizon Europe, the 9th Framework for Research and Innovation (R&I) of the European Commission, an intersectional approach to gender equality has become a main priority of their Gender Equality Strategy 2020-2025 and their Strategic Plan for Research & Innovation 2020-2024 (European Commission 2020a; 2020b).
New Paradigms and Optimality Guarantees in Statistical Learning and Estimation
Creators: name: Wang, Yu-Xiang
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Machine learning (ML) has become one of the most powerful classes of tools for artificial intelligence, personalized web services and data science problems across fields. Within the field of machine learning itself, there had been quite a number of paradigm shifts caused by the explosion of data size, computing power, modeling tools, and the new ways people collect, share, and make use of data sets. Data privacy, for instance, was much less of a problem before the availability of personal information online that could be used to identify users in anonymized data sets. Images, videos, as well as observations generated over a social networks, often have highly localized structures, that cannot be captured by standard nonparametric models. Moreover, the “common task framework” that is adopted by many sub- disciplines of AI has made it possible for many people to collaboratively and repeated work on the same data set, leading to implicit overfitting on public benchmarks. In addition, data collected in many internet services, e.g., web search and targeted ads, are not iid, but rather feedbacks specific to the deployed algorithm. This thesis presents technical contributions under a number of new mathematical frameworks that are designed to partially address these new paradigms. • Firstly, we consider the problem of statistical learning with privacy constraints. Under Vapnik’s general learning setting and the formalism of differential privacy (DP), we establish simple conditions that characterizes the private learnability, which reveals a mixture of positive and negative insight. We then identify generic methods that reuses existing randomness to effectively solve private learning in practice; and discuss weaker notions of privacy that allows for more favorable privacy-utility tradeoff. • Secondly, we develop a few generalizations of trend filtering, a locally-adaptive nonparametric regression technique that is minimax in 1D, to the multivariate setting and to graphs. We also study specific instances of the problems, e.g., total variation denoising on d-dimensional grids more closely and the results reveal interesting statistical computational trade-offs. • Thirdly, we investigate two problems in sequential interactive learning: a) off- policy evaluation in contextual bandits, that aims to use data collected from one algorithm to evaluate the performance of a different algorithm; b) the problem of adaptive data analysis, that uses randomization to prevent adversarial data analysts from a form of “p-hacking” through multiple steps of sequential data access. In the above problems, we will provide not only performance guarantees of algorithms but also certain notions of optimality. Whenever applicable, careful empirical studies on synthetic and real data are also included.
Constraints on the diffuse high-energy neutrino flux from the third flight of ANITA
Creators: name: Gorham, P. W.
name: Allison, P.
name: Banerjee, O.
name: Batten, L.
name: Beatty, J. J.
name: Bechtol, K.
name: Belov, K.
name: Besson, D. Z.
name: Binns, W. R.
name: Bugaev, V.
name: Cao, P.
name: Chen, C. C.
name: Chen, C. H.
name: Chen, P.
name: Clem, J. M.
name: Connolly, A.
name: Cremonesi, L.
name: Dailey, B.
name: Deaconu, C.
name: Dowkontt, P. F.
name: Fox, B. D.
name: Gordon, J. W. H.
name: Hast, C.
name: Hill, B.
name: Hsu, S. Y.
name: Huang, J. J.
name: Hughes, K.
name: Hupe, R.
name: Israel, M. H.
name: Liewer, K. M.
name: Liu, T. C.
name: Ludwig, A. B.
name: Macchiarulo, L.
name: Matsuno, S.
name: Miki, C.
name: Mulrey, K.
name: Nam, J.
name: Naudet, C.
name: Nichol, R. J.
name: Novikov, A.
name: Oberla, E.
name: Prohira, S.
name: Rauch, B. F.
name: Roberts, J. M.
name: Romero-Wolf, A.
name: Rotter, B.
name: Russell, J. W.
name: Saltzberg, D.
name: Seckel, D.
name: Schoorlemmer, H.
name: Shiao, J.
name: Stafford, S.
name: Stockham, J.
name: Stockham, M.
name: Strutt, B.
name: Sutherland, M. S.
name: Varner, G. S.
name: Vieregg, A. G.
name: Wang, S. H.
name: Wissel, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA), a NASA long-duration balloon payload, searches for radio emission from interactions of ultra-high-energy neutrinos in polar ice. The third flight of ANITA (ANITA-III) was launched in December 2014 and completed a 22-day flight. We present the results of three analyses searching for Askaryan radio emission of neutrino origin. In the most sensitive of the analyses, we find one event in the signal region on an expected a priori background of $0.7^{+0.5}_{-0.3}$. Though consistent with the background estimate, the candidate event remains compatible with a neutrino hypothesis even after additional post-unblinding scrutiny.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, Accepted to PRD
Thermodynamics of statistically interacting quantum gas in D dimensions
Creators: name: Potter, Geoffrey G.
name: Mueller, Gerhard
name: Karbach, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the exact thermodynamics (isochores, isotherms, isobars, response functions) of a statistically interacting quantum gas in D dimensions. The results in D=1 are those of the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz for the nonlinear Schroedinger model, a gas with repulsive two-body contact potential. In all dimensions the ideal boson and fermion gases are recovered in the weak-coupling and strong-coupling limits, respectively. For all nonzero couplings ideal fermion gas behavior emerges for D>>1 and, in the limit D->infinity, a phase transition occurs at T>0. Significant deviations from ideal quantum gas behavior are found for intermediate coupling and finite D.
description: 12 pages and 19 figures
Regimes of wrinkling in an indented floating elastic sheet
Creators: name: Vella, Dominic
name: Davidovitch, Benny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thin, elastic sheet floating on the surface of a liquid bath wrinkles when poked at its centre. We study the onset of wrinkling as well as the evolution of the pattern as indentation progresses far beyond the wrinkling threshold. We use tension field theory to describe the macroscopic properties of the deformed film and show that the system passes through a host of different regimes, even while the deflections and strains remain small. We show that the effect of the finite size of the sheet ultimately plays a key role in determining the location of the wrinkle pattern, and obtain scaling relations that characterize the number of wrinkles at threshold and its variation as the indentation progresses. Some of our predictions are confirmed by recent experiments of Ripp \emph{et al.} [arxiv: 1804.02421].
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, revised version
D2.5 INSPIRE re-imagine workshop report: Imagining a gender equal future for R&I
Creators: name: Vinkenburg, Claartje J.
name: Ossenkop, Carolin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This document offers an overview of the "RE-IMAGINE Workshop." 
On April 19, 2023, 28 gender equality and diversity experts and representatives from various umbrella organisations for research from Europe and beyond met for one day to Re-imagine an inclusive gender equal future in research and innovation. This interactive and participatory workshop was one of the first activities of the INSPIRE Centre of Excellence funded by Horizon Europe. 
We started by making and then exchanging individual (re-)imaginations, subsequently creating a joint drawing (part 1) in subgroups. Next, we explored "markers of change" inspired by stories from participants (part2). Finally, we integrated these learnings into the shared imagination (part 3). The four re-imaginations and the facilitators' reflections on the subgroup processes are the focal point of this report and the highlight of our gallery visit.
This report is thus different from what you might expect, there are no conclusive arguments, complete scenarios or even roadmaps developed in it. What you will find and see is a carefully curated collection of doodles, impressions, visuals, reflections, and, most importantly, four very thoughtfully and thoroughly co-created re-imaginations by our experienced participants.
We, as the organisers, deliberately chose this approach, both with regards to the workshop and the report, as the experience showed that there are (at least) four re-imagined futures of inclusive gender equality. In doing so, we provide the room for the multiplicity and plurality of needs, wishes, challenges, and opportunities to be considered by and through INSPIRE as Centre of Excellence. We invite you to go through the report, to take the time to engage with the provided collection and to let yourself be surprised, challenged, and inspired by it as to which elements of the drawings as well as which change markers may be relevant when it comes to working towards inclusive gender equality in research and innovation.
Nodal Arc in Disordered Dirac Fermions: Connection to Non-Hermitian Band Theory
Creators: name: Papaj, Michał
name: Isobe, Hiroki
name: Fu, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Dirac fermion systems in two dimensions generally exhibit disorder-induced nodal arc replacing the nodal point and tilted Dirac cone, provided that the two components of the Dirac fermion correspond to two distinct orbitals unrelated by symmetry. This result is explicitly demonstrated using renormalization group analysis in a disordered Dirac model that we introduce, where the disorder potential acts differently on the two orbitals. As we show by numerical simulations and self-consistent Born approximation calculation, this drives the system into a new strongly disordered phase.
description: 5+4 pages, 8 figures
Towards Easy Deposit: Lowering the Barriers of Green Open Access with Data Integration and Workflow Automation for an Institutional Repository
Creators: name: VanTuyl, Steve
name: Zhang, Hui
name: Gum, Josh
name: Imholt, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: institutional repository
green open access
sustainability
Web of Science
API

description: Background:Ineffective marketing and the lack of author participation are the most significant barriers that hinder green open access. Introduction: Oregon State University (OSU) Libraries are tasked to implement university's open access policy via its institutional repository. In previous, OSU Libraries dedicated an entire staff position to the solicitation and deposit of faculty research articles produced by OSU faculty. In order to free up these staff resources for other work, we implemented a semi-automated deposit system called Easy Deposit 2. Methodology: Easy Deposit 2 harvests metadata for journal articles authored by OSU faculty using Web of Science API, parses and fetches metadata, and sends a solicitation email to the corresponding author for each article, including a link to a deposit form in Easy Deposit 2. The author can then use the link to deposit a copy of the article manuscript into university's institutional repository. Conclusion: Since launched in October 2018, Easy Deposit 2 has harvested 1,172 journal articles and 176 out of them have been self-archived by the authors - a rate somewhat lower than when we manually solicited articles from faculty. We will continue to improve the system and have a further analysis after collecting more data.
Unitarity of Minkowski non-local theories made explicit
Creators: name: Koshelev, Alexey S.
name: Tokareva, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we explicitly show that the perturbative unitarity of analytic infinite derivative (AID) scalar field theories can be achieved using a modified prescription for computing scattering amplitudes. The crux of the new prescription is the analytic continuation of a result obtained in the Euclidean signature to the Minkowski external momenta. We intensively elaborate an example of a non-local $ϕ^4$ model for various infinite derivative operators. General UV properties of amplitudes in non-local theories are discussed.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures; revision matching the published version
New Optimization Methods for Modern Machine Learning
Creators: name: Sashank Jakkam Reddi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern machine learning systems pose several new statistical, scalability, privacy and ethical challenges. With the advent of massive datasets and increasingly complex tasks, scalability has especially become a critical issue in these systems. In this thesis, we focus on fundamental challenges related to scalability, such as computational and communication efficiency, in modern machine learning applications. The underlying central message of this thesis is that classical statistical thinking leads to highly effective optimization methods for modern big data applications. The first part of the thesis investigates optimization methods for solving large-scale nonconvex Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) problems. Such problems have surged into prominence, notably through deep learning, and have led to exciting progress. However, our understanding of optimization methods suitable for these problems is still very limited. We develop and analyze a new line of optimization methods for nonconvex ERM problems, based on the principle of variance reduction. We show that our methods exhibit fast convergence to stationary points and improve the state-of-the-art in several nonconvex ERM settings, including nonsmooth and constrained ERM. Using similar principles, we also develop novel optimization methods that provably converge to second-order stationary points. Finally, we show that the key principles behind our methods can be generalized to overcome challenges in other important problems such as Bayesian inference. The second part of the thesis studies two critical aspects of modern distributed machine learning systems — asynchronicity and communication efficiency of optimization methods. We study various asynchronous stochastic algorithms with fast convergence for convex ERM problems and show that these methods achieve near-linear speedups in sparse settings common to machine learning. Another key factor governing the overall performance of a distributed system is its communication efficiency. Traditional optimization algorithms used in machine learning are often ill-suited for distributed environments with high communication cost. To address this issue, we dis- cuss two different paradigms to achieve communication efficiency of algorithms in distributed environments and explore new algorithms with better communication complexity.
Jisc Open Research Repository: Delivering a compelling User Experience
Creators: name: Davey, Tom
name: Fripp, Dom
name: Kaye, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: UX
Governance
Design

description: Jisc has developed "Jisc Open Research Hub" - a solution to enable the research community to deposit and preserve research data and other digital objects. It includes repository, preservation, and reporting. This presentation discusses the repository – Jisc Open Research Repository – developed from scratch in alignment to a range of sector needs. Jisc recognised the importance of delivering this service with a compelling user experience, and invested greatly into achieving this aim. We explore the many motivations for the care given to the user experience and the different methods applied throughout the development process, which are felt to be highly relevant to those wishing to understand user-centred approaches to product development, especially in the repository / research space. We discuss the design/development process, including the use of external and in-house expertise, and key activities including: Requirements-gathering (inc. 16 pilot institutions, domain experts, other bodies) Testing - including several phases of user acceptance testing, benchmarking, and standards (accessibility) testing UX Governance Jisc's position in the UK HE / research sector, as well as the scale of the project provides us many domain-specific insights to share, ranging from broad methods, down to individual design decisions informed by research and domain expertise.
Infrared and Ultraviolet Finiteness of Topological BF Theory in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Blasi, Alberto
name: Maggiore, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two--dimensional topological BF model is considered in the Landau gauge in the framework of perturbation theory. Due to the singular behaviour of the ghost propagator at long distances, a mass term to the ghost fields is introduced as infrared regulator. Relying on the supersymmetric algebraic structure of the resulting massive theory, we study the infrared and ultraviolet renormalizability of the model, with the outcome that it is perturbatively finite.
description: 26 pages, GEF-TH-11/1992
Automating repository workflows with Orpheus, an Open Source database of journals and publishers
Creators: name: Sartori, André Fernando
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Automation
integration
journal policies

description: Repository management relies on knowledge of numerous attributes of academic journals, such as revenue model (subscription, hybrid or fully Open Access), self-archiving policies, licences, contacts for queries and article processing charges (APCs). While datasets collating some of this information are helpful to repository administrators, most cover only one or few of those attributes (e.g., APC price lists from publishers), do not provide APIs or their API responses are not machine readable (self-archiving policies from RoMEO), or are not updated very often (licences and APCs from DOAJ). As a result, most repositories still rely on administrative staff looking up and entering required attributes manually. To solve this problem and increase automation of tasks performed by the Cambridge repository team, I developed Orpheus, a database of academic journals/publishers written in Django. Orpheus was recently integrated with our DSpace repository Apollo and auxiliary systems via its RESTful API, enabling embargo periods to be automatically applied to deposited articles and streamlining the process of advising researchers on payments, licences and compliance to funders' Open Access policies. Orpheus is Open Source (https://github.com/osc-cam/orpheus) and may be easily expanded or tailored to meet the particular needs of other repositories and Scholarly Communication services.
New Methods for Large-Scale Analyses of Social Identities and Stereotypes
Creators: name: Joseph, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social identities, the labels we use to describe ourselves and others, carry with them stereotypes that have significant impacts on our social lives. Our stereotypes, sometimes without us knowing, guide our decisions on whom to talk to and whom to stay away from, whom to befriend and whom to bully, whom to treat with reverence and whom to view with disgust. Despite these impacts of identities and stereotypes on our lives, existing methods used to understand them are lacking. In this thesis, I first develop three novel computational tools that further our ability to test and utilize existing social theory on identity and stereotypes. These tools include a method to extract identities from Twitter data, a method to infer affective stereotypes from newspaper data and a method to infer both affective and semantic stereotypes from Twitter data. Case studies using these methods provide insights into Twitter data relevant to the Eric Garner and Michael Brown tragedies and both Twitter and newspaper data from the “Arab Spring”. Results from these case studies motivate the need for not only new methods for existing theory, but new social theory as well. To this end, I develop a new sociotheoretic model of identity labeling - how we choose which label to apply to others in a particular situation. The model combines data, methods and theory from the social sciences and machine learning, providing an important example of the surprisingly rich interconnections between these fields.
Generation and detection of non-Gaussian phonon-added coherent states in optomechanical systems
Creators: name: Li, Jie
name: Gröblacher, Simon
name: Zhu, Shi-Yao
name: Agarwal, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adding excitations on a coherent state provides an effective way to observe nonclassical properties of radiation fields. Here we describe and analyse how to apply this concept to the motional state of a mechanical oscillator and present a full scheme to prepare non-Gaussian {\it phonon}-added coherent states of the mechanical motion in cavity optomechanics. We first generate a mechanical coherent state using electromagnetically induced transparency. We then add a single phonon onto the coherent state via optomechanical parametric down-conversion combined with single photon detection. We validate this single-phonon-added coherent state by using a red-detuned beam and reading out the state of the optical output field. This approach allows us to verify nonclassical properties of the phonon state, such as sub-Poissonian character and quadrature squeezing. We further show that our scheme can be directly implemented using existing devices, and is generic in nature and hence applicable to a variety of systems in opto- and electromechanics.
description: slightly extended main text, Supp. Mat. as in v2. to appear in PRA Rapid Comm
D2.5 INSPIRE re-imagine workshop report: Imagining a gender equal future for R&I
Creators: name: Vinkenburg, Claartje J.
name: Ossenkop, Carolin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document offers an overview of the "RE-IMAGINE Workshop." 
On April 19, 2023, 28 gender equality and diversity experts and representatives from various umbrella organisations for research from Europe and beyond met for one day to Re-imagine an inclusive gender equal future in research and innovation. This interactive and participatory workshop was one of the first activities of the INSPIRE Centre of Excellence funded by Horizon Europe. 
We started by making and then exchanging individual (re-)imaginations, subsequently creating a joint drawing (part 1) in subgroups. Next, we explored "markers of change" inspired by stories from participants (part2). Finally, we integrated these learnings into the shared imagination (part 3). The four re-imaginations and the facilitators' reflections on the subgroup processes are the focal point of this report and the highlight of our gallery visit.
This report is thus different from what you might expect, there are no conclusive arguments, complete scenarios or even roadmaps developed in it. What you will find and see is a carefully curated collection of doodles, impressions, visuals, reflections, and, most importantly, four very thoughtfully and thoroughly co-created re-imaginations by our experienced participants.
We, as the organisers, deliberately chose this approach, both with regards to the workshop and the report, as the experience showed that there are (at least) four re-imagined futures of inclusive gender equality. In doing so, we provide the room for the multiplicity and plurality of needs, wishes, challenges, and opportunities to be considered by and through INSPIRE as Centre of Excellence. We invite you to go through the report, to take the time to engage with the provided collection and to let yourself be surprised, challenged, and inspired by it as to which elements of the drawings as well as which change markers may be relevant when it comes to working towards inclusive gender equality in research and innovation.
The very first Pop III stars and their relation to bright z~6 quasars
Creators: name: Trenti, M.
name: Stiavelli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the link between dark matter halos hosting the first PopIII stars formed at redshift z > 40 and the rare, massive, halos that are generally considered to host bright z~6 quasars. We show that within the typical volume occupied by one bright high-z QSO the remnants of the first several thousands PopIII stars formed do not end up in the most massive halos at z~6, but rather live in a large variety of environments. The black hole seeds planted by these very first PopIII stars can easily grow to M > 10^{9.5} Msun by z=6 assuming Eddington accretion with radiative efficiency epsilon~0.1. Therefore quenching of the accretion is crucial to avoid an overabundance of supermassive black holes. We implement a simple feedback model for the growth of the seeds planted by PopIII stars and obtain a z~6 BH mass function consistent with the observed QSO luminosity function.
description: 5 pages, to appear in the proceedings of "First Stars III", AIP Conference Series, T. Abel, A. Heger and B. O'Shea eds