cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gauge protection in non-Abelian lattice gauge theories
Creators: name: Halimeh, Jad C.
name: Lang, Haifeng
name: Hauke, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protection of gauge invariance in experimental realizations of lattice gauge theories based on energy-penalty schemes has recently stimulated impressive efforts both theoretically and in setups of quantum synthetic matter. A major challenge is the reliability of such schemes in non-Abelian gauge theories where local conservation laws do not commute. Here, we show through exact diagonalization that non-Abelian gauge invariance can be reliably controlled using gauge-protection terms that energetically stabilize the target gauge sector in Hilbert space, suppressing gauge violations due to unitary gauge-breaking errors. We present analytic arguments that predict a volume-independent protection strength $V$, which when sufficiently large leads to the emergence of an \textit{adjusted} gauge theory with the same local gauge symmetry up to least a timescale $\propto\sqrt{V/V_0^3}$. Thereafter, a \textit{renormalized} gauge theory dominates up to a timescale $\propto\exp(V/V_0)/V_0$ with $V_0$ a volume-independent energy factor, similar to the case of faulty Abelian gauge theories. Moreover, we show for certain experimentally relevant errors that single-body protection terms robustly suppress gauge violations up to all accessible evolution times in exact diagonalization, and demonstrate that the adjusted gauge theory emerges in this case as well. These single-body protection terms can be readily implemented with fewer engineering requirements than the ideal gauge theory itself in current ultracold-atom setups and NISQ devices.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, journal article
Imaginea vlahilor la cronicarii Cruciadei a IV-a. Până unde răzbate ecoul discuţiilor intelectuale de la Constantinopol?
Creators: name: Curta, Florin
Publisher: name: Arheologia Moldovei
Year: 2017

description: The Image of the Vlachs from the Chroniclers of the Fourth Crusade. How Far Does the Echo of Constantinopolitan Intellectual Debates Reach?

The chroniclers of the Fourth Crusade (Geoffroi de Villehardouin, Henri de Valenciennes, and Robert de Clari) have much to say about the Vlachs. Much of that information results from direct contact with the Vlachs, particularly in the case of Villehardouin and Henri de Valenciennes. However, several issues characterizing the Vlachs, especially in Robert de Clari's chronicle, are remarkably similar to stories that may be found in Niketas Choniates. Thepaper analyzes the role attributed to the Vlachs in the French chronicles, and attempts to explain the similarity to the coverage of things Vlach in Niketas Choniates. As such, the paper offers an examination of all Byzantine sources mentioning the Vlachs before Choniates and of non-Byzantine sources such as Benjamin of Tudela, the chronicle attributed to Ansbertus, and the correspondence between Pope Innocent III and Johannitsa Kaloyan. The conclusion is that the image of the Vlachs in the French chronicles derives from stories about them circulating in 12th-century Constantinople.

Keywords: Geoffroi de Villehardouin, Henri de Valenciennes, Robert de Clari, Niketas Choniates, Benjamin of Tudela, Vlachs, Bulgaria, Johannitsa Kaloyannes, Trojan legend.
description: Arheologia Moldovei, Bd. 38 (2015): Arheologia Moldovei
Sigilii dobrogene inedite. III
Creators: name: Chiriac, Costel
name: Munteanu, Lucian
Publisher: name: Arheologia Moldovei
Year: 2017

description: Inedited Dobruja Seals. III

We continue the regular publishing of the sealings found in Dobruja, by presenting several civic and provincial sealings. Based on the sealings legends, we were able to identify the names of the following cities from Asia Minor: Dios Hieron, Ephesos, Hypaipa, Klazomenai and Tralleis. One sealing bear the name of Pamphylia province. We believe that the commercial sealings discovered in the Lower Danube area attest to the trading of goods imported from Asia Minor, in order to maintain the logistics of the Roman army stationed along the Danube during the Gothic war under the emperor Valens (366-369 CE).

Keywords: sealings, commerce, Dobruja, Asia Minor, Gothic war.

Continuăm publicarea sigiliilor descoperite pe teritoriul Dobrogei, prin prezentarea unor piese inedite, aflate în diverse colecţii publice şi private din România şi din Bulgaria. Toate descoperirile pe care le facem cunoscute în lucrarea de faţă aparţin unei singure categorii, cea a sigiliilor comerciale civice şi provinciale.
description: Arheologia Moldovei, Bd. 38 (2015): Arheologia Moldovei
Elements of prime order in Tate-Shafarevich groups of abelian varieties over $\mathbb{Q}$
Creators: name: Shnidman, Ari
name: Weiss, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 11G10, 11S25

description: For each prime $p$, we show that there exist geometrically simple abelian varieties $A/\mathbb Q$ with non-trivial $p$-torsion in their Tate-Shafarevich groups. Specifically, for any prime $N\equiv 1 \pmod{p}$, let $A_f$ be an optimal quotient of $J_0(N)$ with a rational point $P$ of order $p$, and let $B = A_f/\langle P \rangle$. Then the number of positive integers $d \leq X$, such that the Tate-Shafarevich group of $\hat B_d$ has non-trivial $p$-torsion, is $\gg X/\log X$, where $\hat B_d$ is the dual of the $d$-th quadratic twist of $B$. We prove this more generally for abelian varieties of $\mathrm{GL}_2$-type with a $p$-isogeny satisfying a mild technical condition. In the special case of elliptic curves, we give stronger results, including many examples where $\mathrm{Sha}(E_d)[p] \neq 0$ for an explicit positive proportion of integers $d$.
description: 10 pages. Final version, with improved exposition and a new section with explicit calculations for elliptic curves. To appear in Forum of Mathematics, Sigma
Spectral Compressed Sensing via Structured Matrix Completion
Creators: name: Chen, Yuxin
name: Chi, Yuejie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper studies the problem of recovering a spectrally sparse object from a small number of time domain samples. Specifically, the object of interest with ambient dimension $n$ is assumed to be a mixture of $r$ complex multi-dimensional sinusoids, while the underlying frequencies can assume any value in the unit disk. Conventional compressed sensing paradigms suffer from the {\em basis mismatch} issue when imposing a discrete dictionary on the Fourier representation. To address this problem, we develop a novel nonparametric algorithm, called enhanced matrix completion (EMaC), based on structured matrix completion. The algorithm starts by arranging the data into a low-rank enhanced form with multi-fold Hankel structure, then attempts recovery via nuclear norm minimization. Under mild incoherence conditions, EMaC allows perfect recovery as soon as the number of samples exceeds the order of $\mathcal{O}(r\log^{2} n)$. We also show that, in many instances, accurate completion of a low-rank multi-fold Hankel matrix is possible when the number of observed entries is proportional to the information theoretical limits (except for a logarithmic gap). The robustness of EMaC against bounded noise and its applicability to super resolution are further demonstrated by numerical experiments.
description: accepted to International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2013)
Descoperiri monetare din Moldova. VII
Creators: name: Munteanu, Lucian
name: Boţan, Sever-Petru
name: Apostu, Aurora-Emilia
Publisher: name: Arheologia Moldovei
Year: 2017

description: Monetary Finds from Moldavia. VII

We continue the regular publishing of the coins found in Moldova, by presenting several recently found ancient coins from the collection of the Museum in Vrancea (Focsani). The coins were discovered in the following locations: I. Cândesti (Dumbrăveni commune, Vrancea county) (2 AR Dyrrhachium, 1st century BC); II. Focsani (Vrancea county) (hoard; recovered 31 AR, dated from Elagabalus to Volusianus); III. Olăreni (Slobozia Bradului commune, Vrancea county) (hoard; recovered 6 AR dated from Marcus Antonius to Marcus Aurelius and 1 AE - Constantinopolis type); IV. Repedea (Străoane commune, Vrancea county) (hoard; recovered 4 AR, dated from M. Papirius Carbo to Ulpia Severina). In regards to the last two hoards we have serious doubts that the most recent coins (Cat. III/7 and IV/4) actually belong to the initial findings.

Keywords: coin finds, Moldova, Museum of Vrancea, Roman coins.
description: Arheologia Moldovei, Bd. 38 (2015): Arheologia Moldovei
Smoke Evolution From Thermally Decomposing Polymers
Creators: name: Paul., G.
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1989

description: In the interests of society, it is essential to take into account the potential hazards presented by new polymer materials prior to use especially by the general public. It has already been established that in a fire environment, smoke and combustion products from combustibles is the single largest cause of fatalities. Not Only ae... necessary to determine suitable testing procedures for polymeric materials, but analysis and modelling of these smokes as they affect persons in the immediate vicinity and also remote from the fire. The scientific principles of fifteen international standard test methods are researched in terms of the operating parameters, overall design and obtainable results. In simplistic terms, the aims of a smoke analysis procedure should be the determination of the many facets of the smoke producing potential of polymeric materials or assemblies. These facets include particulate size and growth mechanisms, smoke and polymer chemical composition, smoke temperature profiles, rate of smoke production, rate of polymer weight loss and distance/time from the fire base in terms of important environmental conditions; heat flux? air temperature, humidity and polymer composition. From this work a new smoke generating and testing apparatus has been developed and consequently it has been possible to establish graphical relationships between incident heat flux level, rate of smoke production, smoke particle size, and smoke temperature for Polystyrene, Polymethylmethacrylate, Polyvinylchloride and Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene. For Polystyrene this relationship has been extended to include the smoke chemical composition as a function of the decomposition mechanism. : An empirical linear equation has been developed which relates the rate of particulate growth within the smoke to the distance from the fire base. The results have been used to derive 'Ageing Coefficients' for each of the above polymers. These results have been measured by use of a laser diffraction particle sizer which permits in-situ analysis. The work has also highlighted many areas which need further research to advance the science of smoke studies.
Medalii şi decoraţii din colecţia Institutului de Arheologie din Iaşi (I)
Creators: name: Boţan, Sever-Petru
name: Munteanu, Lucian
Publisher: name: Arheologia Moldovei
Year: 2017

description: Medals and Decorations in the Collection of Institute of Archaeology in Iaşi (I)

The authors aim to present a first series of 13 decorations and medals awarded by the Kingdom of Romania between 1878 and 1933. They represent both civilian and military awards and entered in the numismatic collection of the Institute of Archaeology - Iasi, through various donations. These medals, although we do not know their actual owners or their deeds, bear witness of our national history in the last 150 years.

Keywords: Phaleristics, medals and awards, Kingdom of Romania, civilian and military decorations, 19th-20th centuries.

În colecţia numismatică a Institutului de Arheologie al Academiei Române, filiala Iaşi, există un bogat fond de decoraţii şi medalii, pe care intenţionăm să îl facem cunoscut, pe parcursul mai multor studii. Primul dintre acestea este dedicat unui mic lot de 13 decoraţii civile şi militare conferite de Regatul României, în perioada 1878-1933. Provenienţa exactă a pieselor, precum şi identitatea celor cărora le-au fost oferite, sunt, din păcate, necunoscute. Ceea ce ştim cu certitudine este că piesele fac parte din inventarul unor donaţii mai vechi, anterioare anului 1981, către Institutul de Arheologie din Iaşi. Prezentăm succint aceste decoraţii, aranjate în ordinea instituirii lor şi clasificate după emitent.
description: Arheologia Moldovei, Bd. 38 (2015): Arheologia Moldovei
R2RNet: Low-light Image Enhancement via Real-low to Real-normal Network
Creators: name: Hai, Jiang
name: Xuan, Zhu
name: Han, Songchen
name: Yang, Ren
name: Hao, Yutong
name: Zou, Fengzhu
name: Lin, Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Images captured in weak illumination conditions could seriously degrade the image quality. Solving a series of degradation of low-light images can effectively improve the visual quality of images and the performance of high-level visual tasks. In this study, a novel Retinex-based Real-low to Real-normal Network (R2RNet) is proposed for low-light image enhancement, which includes three subnets: a Decom-Net, a Denoise-Net, and a Relight-Net. These three subnets are used for decomposing, denoising, contrast enhancement and detail preservation, respectively. Our R2RNet not only uses the spatial information of the image to improve the contrast but also uses the frequency information to preserve the details. Therefore, our model acheived more robust results for all degraded images. Unlike most previous methods that were trained on synthetic images, we collected the first Large-Scale Real-World paired low/normal-light images dataset (LSRW dataset) to satisfy the training requirements and make our model have better generalization performance in real-world scenes. Extensive experiments on publicly available datasets demonstrated that our method outperforms the existing state-of-the-art methods both quantitatively and visually. In addition, our results showed that the performance of the high-level visual task (i.e. face detection) can be effectively improved by using the enhanced results obtained by our method in low-light conditions. Our codes and the LSRW dataset are available at: https://github.com/abcdef2000/R2RNet.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
The $L^2$ restriction norm of a Maass form on $SL_{n+1}(\mathbb{Z})$
Creators: name: Li, Xiaoqing
name: Liu, Sheng-Chi
name: Young, Matthew P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss upper and lower bounds for the $L^2$ restriction norm of a Maass form on $\SL{n+1}{Z}$.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure. v2: added the condition that $F$ is even
BEEKEEPING IN KRASNODAR KRAI
Creators: name: Serdyuchenko, I.
name: Vasiliev, V.
name: Amelchakov, G.
name: Getman, A.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: Beekeeping
pedigree structure
breeding work
products of beekeeping
prospects of development.

description: This article describes the main points of the development of beekeeping in the Krasnodar region. It is established that despite the problems existing in the industry, there are all prerequisites for its further development, and even prosperity.
Active elasticity drives the formation of periodic beading in damaged axons
Creators: name: Riccobelli, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In several pathological conditions, such as coronavirus infections, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, the physiological shape of axons is altered and a periodic sequence of bulges appears. Experimental evidences suggest that such morphological changes are caused by the disruption of the microtubules composing the cytoskeleton of the axon. In this paper, we develop a mathematical model of damaged axons based on the theory of continuum mechanics and nonlinear elasticity. The axon is described as a cylinder composed of an inner passive part, called axoplasm, and an outer active cortex, composed mainly of F-actin and able to contract thanks to myosin-II motors. Through a linear stability analysis we show that, as the shear modulus of the axoplasm diminishes due to the disruption of the cytoskeleton, the active contraction of the cortex makes the cylindrical configuration unstable to axisymmetric perturbations, leading to a beading pattern. Finally, the non-linear evolution of the bifurcated branches is investigated through finite element simulations.
DEMINERALIZATION OF SEA WATER
Creators: name: Tupytskyi, B.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: sea water
electroactivation process
degree of purification.

description: A study of the method of minimizing energy costs in the technology of sea water demineralization by reverse osmosis has been carried out. It is proposed to use the preliminary treatment of water by the method of electroactivation, as a complex effective process of demineralization with associated purification from organic substances and prevention of deposits on membranes. The dependences of the parameters of electrochemical action on the composition of seawater have been determined, graphical dependences of the degree of water purification on various parameters (current strength, voltage, distance between electrodes, time of electroactivation, volume of sampling of acidic water in the process of unipolar electroactivation) have been obtained. The analytical control of the process was carried out and the technology of demineralization was proposed as a method of using the electrochemical activation process in the preparation of seawater for the stage of membrane purification.
Development of an Advanced Automated Method for Solar Filament Recognition and Its Scientific Application to a Solar Cycle of MLSO Hα Data
Creators: name: Hao, Qi
name: Fang, Cheng
name: Chen, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a method to automatically detect and trace solar filaments in Hα full-disk images. The program is able not only to recognize filaments and determine their properties, such as the position, the area, the spine, and other relevant parameters, but also to trace the daily evolution of the filaments. The program consists of three steps: First, preprocessing is applied to correct the original images; Second, the Canny edge-detection method is used to detect filaments; Third, filament properties are recognized through the morphological operators. To test the algorithm, we applied it to the observations from the Mauna Loa Solar Observatory (MLSO), and the program is demonstrated to be robust and efficient. Hα images obtained by MLSO from 1998 to 2009 are analyzed, and a butterfly diagram of filaments is obtained. It shows that the latitudinal migration of solar filaments has three trends in the Solar Cycle 23: The drift velocity was fast from 1998 to the solar maximum; After the solar maximum, it became relatively slow. After 2006, the migration became divergent, signifying the solar minimum. About 60% filaments with the latitudes larger than $50^{\circ}$ migrate towards the polar regions with relatively high velocities, and the latitudinal migrating speeds in the northern and the southern hemispheres do not differ significantly in the Solar Cycle 23.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
A View of Supernova Remnant CTB 37A with the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope
Creators: name: Brandt, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernovae and their remnants have long been favored as cosmic ray ac- celerators. Recent data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has given us an improved window into such sources, including the remnant CTB 37A. Using the Fermi Large Area Telescope, we found significant gamma-ray emission coincident with the remnant, which also emits in radio, X-ray, and very high energy gamma-rays. We modeled the multiwavelength spectrum using a combination of hadronic and leptonic emission with reasonable parameter values and determined that CTB 37A is a potential cosmic ray accelerator commensurate with direct observations. By assembling statistically significant populations of such objects, we will be able to more fully illuminate the mystery of cosmic ray origins.
description: published in Advances in Space Research
MODELING OF DIGITALIZATION PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS BASED ON STOCHASTIC NETWORKS
Creators: name: Bushuyev, S.
name: Bushuieva, V.
name: Zasukha, I.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: digitization
digitization projects
stochastic networks
approximation.

description: The formation of the process block of stochastic networks is focused on a complex human-oriented process with the result at the output in solving and implementing in time synergistic complex tasks in the systematic management of digitization projects within the state existing industries. There are computer technologies for finding solutions to approximation problems using stochastic networks, but the cost of such calculations is usually too high. Both the collection of the necessary numerical data and the construction of a stochastic network are very expensive. Therefore, the use of stochastic network methods is justified in solving large-scale and important problems. An additional condition for the proper use of the discussed technology is the availability of appropriate information systems, which continuously accumulate data on the subject area and similar design work required to calculate or estimate the probabilities. The recalculation of stochastic networks is quite complex due to the cumbersome mathematical apparatus. There are attempts to use simpler mathematical expressions for calculations or to simplify complex formulas. actual execution.
TARGET MODELS OF INTEGRATED RISK MANAGEMENT FOR IT PROJECTS
Creators: name: Hrabina, K.
name: Danchenko, O.
name: Shendryk, V.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: risk management
integrated risk management
risk
threat
opportunity
IT-project.

description: The article presents the definition and concept of the developed system of target models for integrated risk management for IT-projects management. There is presented the mathematical model for the developed system of target models for integrated risk management for IT-projects. It is considered the complex nature of risk with corresponding distinguished components related to project constraints. There are performed calculations for the ordinary IT-project within detected threats and opportunities based on the developed approach. The analysis of the small IT-project was carried out taking into account the developed system of target models for integrated risk management.
Global weak solution and blow-up criterion of the general Ericksen-Leslie system for nematic liquid crystal flows
Creators: name: Cavaterra, Cecilia
name: Rocca, Elisabetta
name: Wu, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B44, 35D30, 35K45, 35Q30, 76A15

description: In this paper we investigate the three dimensional general Ericksen-Leslie (E--L) system with Ginzburg-Landau type approximation modeling nematic liquid crystal flows. First, by overcoming the difficulties from lack of maximum principle for the director equation and high order nonlinearities for the stress tensor, we prove existence of global-in-time weak solutions under physically meaningful boundary conditions and suitable assumptions on the Leslie coefficients, which ensures that the total energy of the E--L system is dissipated. Moreover, for the E--L system with periodic boundary conditions, we prove the local well-posedness of classical solutions under the so-called Parodi's relation and establish a blow-up criterion in terms of the temporal integral of both the maximum norm of the curl of the velocity field and the maximum norm of the gradient of the liquid crystal director field.
THE USE OF AMARANTH FLOUR IN THE PRODUCTION OF NOODLES
Creators: name: Shenshen, Xia
name: Melnyk, O.
name: Sereda, O.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: amaranth powder
drying
cooking
nutritional value
noodles.

description: Recently, amaranth seeds are called the grain of the 21st century. Amaranth seeds contain a large amount of iron, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium, which are one of the important elements in the diet of pregnant women and diets in the treatment of diseases of the nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Amaranth seeds are characterized by a high content of vitamins B and A, E and C, their content is twice as high as in fiber and oat bran. Therefore, amaranth flour is widely used in food production. We investigated the effect of amaranth flour on the properties of noodles to increase the nutritional value of the product and develop recommendations for their production
Silicon Donor Array as a Disordered One-Dimensional Electron Gas
Creators: name: Lei, Chao
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Donors in silicon can now be positioned with an accuracy of about one lattice constant, making it possible in principle to form donor arrays for quantum computation or quantum simulation applications. However the multi-valley character of the silicon conduction band combines with central cell corrections to the donor state Hamiltonian to translate atomic scale imperfections in donor placement into strongly disordered inter-donor hybridization. We present a simple model that is able to account accurately for central-cell corrections, and use it to assess the impact of donor-placement disorder on donor array properties in both itinerant and localized limits.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
TYPES OF SINGLE-STOREY INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS AND THE TYPES OF THEIR COATINGS
Creators: name: Serdyuchenko, V.
name: Kretinin, K.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: one-storey industrial building
span
axis
column
flexible building
cover.

description: This article discusses the types of one-story industrial buildings and the types of coatings used in their construction. It has been established that to facilitate the construction of such buildings, it is necessary to design their simple shape (square, rectangular), it is obligatory to take into account the dimensions of the spans, the height of the building and carefully approach the choice of materials for their construction. It was also found that there are different types of roofs (gable and others).
Spin optics for gravitational waves
Creators: name: Dahal, Pravin Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the geometric optics expansion for circularly polarized gravitational waves on a curved spacetime background, to subleading order. We call spin optics to the subleading order geometric optics expansion, which involves modifying the standard eikonal function by including a specially chosen helicity-dependent correction. We show that the techniques developed for the propagation of electromagnetic waves can also be applied to gravitational waves in the limit of spin optics. However, one needs to account for the difference in the photon and graviton helicity, which we do here.
description: 10 pages, 0 figures; Matches published version
A redline starburst: CO(2-1) observations of an Eddington-limited galaxy reveal star formation at its most extreme
Creators: name: Geach, J. E.
name: Hickox, R. C.
name: Diamond-Stanic, A. M.
name: Krips, M.
name: Moustakas, J.
name: Tremonti, C. A.
name: Coil, A. L.
name: Sell, P. H.
name: Rudnick, G. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations of the CO(2-1) emission of SDSSJ1506+54, a compact (r_e~135pc) starburst galaxy at z=0.6. SDSSJ1506+54 appears to be forming stars close to the limit allowed by stellar radiation pressure feedback models: the measured L_IR/L'_CO 1500 is one of the highest measured for any galaxy. With its compact optical morphology but extended low surface brightness envelope, post-starburst spectral features, high infrared luminosity (L_IR>10^12.5 L_Sun), low gas fraction (M_H2/M_stars~15%), and short gas depletion time (tens of Myr), we speculate that this is a feedback- limited central starburst episode at the conclusion of a major merger. Taken as such, SDSSJ1504+54 epitomizes the brief closing stage of a classic model of galaxy growth: we are witnessing a key component of spheroid formation during what we term a 'redline' starburst.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Investigating the causes of mating failure in Lygaeus simulans seed bugs
Creators: name: Balfour, Vicki
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mating systems
subject: Mating decisions
subject: Lygaeus simulans
subject: Cryptic male choice
subject: Mating failure
subject: Cryptic female choice
subject: Reproductive interference
subject: Sperm competition
subject: Colour polymorphism
subject: Pleiotropy
subject: Sexual selection
subject: Sperm precedence
subject: Heterospecific
subject: Hybridisation
subject: Male mate choice
subject: Mate choice
subject: Insect reproduction
subject: Cryptic mating failure
subject: Lygaeus equestris
subject: Post-copulatory sexual selection
subject: Pre-copulatory sexual selection
subject: Same sex sexual behaviour
subject: Context-dependence
subject: QL523.L9B2
subject: Lygaeidae--Sexual behavior.
subject: Lygaeidae--Generative organs
subject: Lygaeidae--Reproduction
subject: Sexual selection in animals

description: We should expect mating systems to evolve to maximise the relative fitness of individuals, i.e. through sexual selection acting on individuals to maximise the number of offspring they produce. However, some mating systems can appear to ‘go wrong’. This is when apparently non-adaptive behavioural phenotypes, which cause fitness losses during reproduction, arise, such as same-sex sexual behaviours, reproductive interference, and mating failure. In this thesis I focus on the phenomenon of mating failure – when copulations fail to result in the production of offspring. Recorded levels of mating failure across taxa are non-trivial, and I here investigate the causes of mating failure in Lygaeus simulans seed bugs, a species known to suffer from high levels of failure (40-60%). I first investigated the genetics behind a pale mutant colour morph, which was inherited in a Mendelian fashion, providing a visible genetic marker for the investigation of post-copulatory selection processes. I found that mating failure caused extreme bimodality in second-male paternity, which could lead to misinterpretations of sperm competition mechanisms. I also found a strong link between copulation duration and mating failure, with longer copulations less likely to fail. Additionally, mating failure decreased when pairs were allowed to copulate for longer, or multiple times, indicating it is not primarily due to infertility or mechanical failures. Instead, evidence points towards mating failure being caused by cryptic male choice (CMC). In terms of post-copulatory outcomes, larger females were consistently more likely to lay eggs, have offspring (and hence not experience mating failure) and have more offspring. Males preferred to copulate, and copulate for longer, with larger females, suggesting CMC. Unfortunately, I was unsuccessful at teasing apart male and female effects to definitively demonstrate that mating failure is caused by CMC, but I believe the methods used could be useful in investigating CMC in the future.
Reduced state of the field and classicality of quantum Gaussian evolution
Creators: name: Linowski, Tomasz
name: Rudnicki, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of classicality of quantum evolution of light is an object of both conceptual and practical importance. The main goal of this work is to derive the exact conditions for the classicality of quantum Gaussian evolution, i.e. the evolution of Gaussian states of light and their convex combinations, a model which is of great significance in quantum optics and information. Several examples, ranging from Gaussian thermal operations to entanglement-maximizing dissipative engineering, are discussed. Our results are obtained using the recently introduced mesoscopic theory of the reduced state of the field, which was originally devised as as a description of macroscopic quantum fields. Here, to make the framework suitable for our goal, we redevelop it as a tool for probing classicality, which constitutes our second main contribution.
description: 11 pages + 4-page Appendix
On Reconfigurability of Target Sets
Creators: name: Ohsaka, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of deciding reconfigurability of target sets of a graph. Given a graph $G$ with vertex thresholds $τ$, consider a dynamic process in which vertex $v$ becomes activated once at least $τ(v)$ of its neighbors are activated. A vertex set $S$ is called a target set if all vertices of $G$ would be activated when initially activating vertices of $S$. In the Target Set Reconfiguration problem, given two target sets $X$ and $Y$ of the same size, we are required to determine whether $X$ can be transformed into $Y$ by repeatedly swapping one vertex in the current set with another vertex not in the current set preserving every intermediate set as a target set. In this paper, we investigate the complexity of Target Set Reconfiguration in restricted cases. On the hardness side, we prove that Target Set Reconfiguration is PSPACE-complete on bipartite planar graphs of degree $3$ and $4$ and of threshold $2$, bipartite $3$-regular graphs and planar $3$-regular graphs of threshold $1$ and $2$, and split graphs, which is in contrast to the fact that a special case called Vertex Cover Reconfiguration is in P for the last graph class. On the positive side, we present a polynomial-time algorithm for Target Set Reconfiguration on graphs of maximum degree $2$ and trees. The latter result can be thought of as a generalization of that for Vertex Cover Reconfiguration.
description: 36 pages; changed according to referee suggestions; to appear in Theoretical Computer Science
Stabilizing lattice gauge theories through simplified local pseudo generators
Creators: name: Halimeh, Jad C.
name: Homeier, Lukas
name: Schweizer, Christian
name: Aidelsburger, Monika
name: Hauke, Philipp
name: Grusdt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The postulate of gauge invariance in nature does not lend itself directly to implementations of lattice gauge theories in modern setups of quantum synthetic matter. Unavoidable gauge-breaking errors in such devices require gauge invariance to be enforced for faithful quantum simulation of gauge-theory physics. This poses major experimental challenges, in large part due to the complexity of the gauge-symmetry generators. Here, we show that gauge invariance can be reliably stabilized by employing simplified \textit{local pseudogenerators} designed such that within the physical sector they act identically to the actual local generator. Dynamically, they give rise to emergent exact gauge theories up to timescales polynomial and even exponential in the protection strength. This obviates the need for implementing often complex multi-body full gauge symmetries, thereby further reducing experimental overhead in physical realizations. We showcase our method in the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theory, and discuss experimental considerations for its realization in modern ultracold-atom setups.
description: Accepted version, 15 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
A Closer Earth and the Faint Young Sun Paradox: Modification of the Laws of Gravitation, or Sun/Earth Mass Losses?
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a solar luminosity L_Ar = 0.75 L_0 at the beginning of the Archean 3.8 Gyr ago, where L_0 is the present-day one, if the heliocentric distance r of the Earth was r_Ar = 0.956 r_0, the solar irradiance would have been as large as I_Ar = 0.82 I_0. It would allowed for a liquid ocean on the terrestrial surface which, otherwise, would have been frozen, contrary to the empirical evidence. By further assuming that some physical mechanism subsequently displaced the Earth towards its current distance in such a way that the irradiance stayed substantially constant over the entire Archean from 3.8 Gyr to 2.5 Gyr ago, a relative recession rate as large as \dot r/r \simeq 3.4 x 10^-11 yr^-1 would have been required. Although such a figure is roughly of the same order of magnitude of the value of the Hubble parameter 3.8 Gyr ago H_Ar = 1.192 H_0 = 8.2 x 10^-11 yr^-1, standard general relativity rules out cosmological explanations for the hypothesized Earth' s recession rate. Instead, a class of modified theories of gravitation with nonminimal coupling between the matter and the metric naturally predicts a secular variation of the relative distance of a localized two-body system, thus yielding a potentially viable candidate to explain the putative recession of the Earth' s orbit. Another competing mechanism of classical origin which could, in principle, allow for the desired effect is the mass loss which either the Sun or the Earth itself may have experienced during the Archean. On the one hand, this implies that our planet should have lost 2% of its present mass in the form of eroded/evaporated hydrosphere which, thus, should have been two orders of magnitude larger than now. On the other hand, it is widely believed that the Sun could have lost mass at an enhanced rate due to a stronger solar wind in the past for not more than \sim 0.2-0.3 Gyr.
description: LaTex2e, 18 pages, no tables, 1 figure, 79 references. Accepted for publication in Galaxies
title: Investigating the role of HSP47 in megakaryocyte and platelet function
Creators: name: Little, Gemma
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: HSP47, a collagen specific chaperone protein, has been identified within the platelet and has been shown to influence the ability of platelets to respond to collagen and initiate haemostasis. Megakaryocytes, which produce platelets, mature in the bone marrow (BM) but also secrete extracellular matrix factors that support the BM environment. We aimed to understand the role HSP47 plays in megakaryocyte maturation, proplatelet formation and collagen synthesis. We also aimed to determine whether HSP47 acts as a platelet surface receptor. Using a megakaryocyte lineage-specific transgenic HSP47 gene-deficient mouse, we identified that megakaryocyte ploidy and proplatelet formation was not altered in MKs from HSP47 deficient mice (P>0.05) however collagen production from the MKs was reduced (P<0.05) suggesting that HSP47 plays no role in MK maturation but is involved in the maintenance of the BM environment. Using peptide sequences identified to enable HSP47-collagen interactions, we identified that human platelets are able to adhere and spread on these sequences, however they do not support granule release, aggregation or thrombus formation. We also identified, using the HSP47 binding sequences, that HSP47 is able to modulate platelet-collagen interactions that result in platelet aggregation and activation but not thrombus formation. Finally, we confirm the presence of additional chaperone proteins within the platelet, and identify using inhibitors, that Endoplasmin may be involved in collagen receptor-mediated aggregation and thrombus formation on collagen, and that BiP may be implicated in TRAP6 stimulated aggregation and thrombus formation on collagen. Deletion of HSP47 from MKs suggests that HSP47 may be a therapeutic target to prevent fibrosis of the BM. Investigations using HSP47 binding sequences identified that HSP47 has dual functionality within the platelet, both supporting platelet adhesion in addition to modulating platelet collagen receptor-collagen interactions. Confirmation of additional chaperone proteins add to the increasing understanding that ER proteins regulate platelet function and can be targeted using inhibitors.
Dynatomic polynomials, necklace operators, and universal relations for dynamical units
Creators: name: Doyle, John R.
name: Fili, Paul
name: Hyde, Trevor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37P05, 11R27, 37P35

description: Given a generic polynomial $f(x)$, the generalized dynatomic polynomial $Φ_{f,c,d}(x)$ vanishes at precisely those $α$ such that $f^c(α)$ has period exactly $d$ under iteration of $f(x)$. We show that the shifted dynatomic polynomials $Φ_{f,c,d}(x) - 1$ often have generalized dynatomic factors, and that these factors are in correspondence with certain cyclotomic factors of necklace polynomials. These dynatomic factors of $Φ_{f,c,d}(x) - 1$ have an interpretation in terms of new multiplicative relations between dynamical units which are uniform in the polynomial $f(x)$.
description: 19 pages, comments welcome!
Dynamical moduli spaces and polynomial endomorphisms of configurations
Creators: name: Blum, Talia
name: Doyle, John R.
name: Hyde, Trevor
name: Kelln, Colby
name: Talbott, Henry
name: Weinreich, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10, 37C25, 37P45

description: A portrait is a combinatorial model for a discrete dynamical system on a finite set. We study the geometry of portrait moduli spaces, whose points correspond to equivalence classes of point configurations on the affine line for which there exist polynomials realizing the dynamics of a given portrait. We present results and pose questions inspired by a large-scale computational survey of intersections of portrait moduli spaces for polynomials in low degree.
description: 26 pages, comments welcome!
Geometric phase of two-level atoms and thermal nature of de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Tian, Zehua
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of open quantum systems, we study the geometric phase acquired by freely falling and static two-level atoms interacting with quantized conformally coupled massless scalar fields in de Sitter-invariant vacuum. We find that, for the freely falling atom, the geometric phase gets a correction resulting from a thermal bath with the Gibbons-Hawking temperature, thus it clearly reveals the intrinsic thermal nature of de Sitter spacetime from a different physical context. For the static atom, there is a correction to the geometric phase coming from both the intrinsic thermal nature of de Sitter spacetime and the Unruh effect associated with the proper acceleration of the atom. Furthermore, in a gedanken experiment, we estimate the magnitude of the correction to the geometric phase as opposed to that in a flat spacetime. We find that the correction for the freely falling atom is too tiny to be measured, and that for the static atom achieves an observable magnitude only when the atom almost locates at the horizon.
description: 14 pages, to apper in JHEP. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1012.4055 by other authors
Atelocynus microtis
Creators: name: W. Christopher Wozencraft
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Canidae
Atelocynus
Atelocynus microtis

description: Atelocynus microtis (Sclater, 1883). Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1882:631 [1883]. TYPE LOCALITY: "Amazons," restricted by Hershkovitz (1957a) to "south bank of the Rio Amazonas, Parâ, Brazil." DISTRIBUTION: Amazonian Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia; perhaps Bolivia, and a second, allopatric population in S Brazil, Paraguay and N Argentina (Ginsberg and Macdonald, 1990). STATUS: IUCN - Insufficiently known. SYNONYMS: sclateri J. A. Allen, 1905. COMMENTS: Reviewed by Hershkovitz (1961a) and Berta (1986, Mammalian Species, 256).
description: Published as part of W. Christopher Wozencraft, 1993, Order Carnivora, pp. 279-348 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 279, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7359191
description: {"references": ["Hershkovitz, P. 1957 a. A synopsis of the wild dogs of Colombia. Novedades Colombianas. Contribuciones Cientificas del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad del Cauca, 3 (1): 157 - 161.", "Ginsberg, J. R., and D. W. Macdonald. 1990. Foxes, wolves, jackals, and dogs: An action plan for the conservation of canids. I. U. C. N., Gland, Switzerland, 116 pp.", "Allen, J. A. 1905. The Mammalia of southern Patagonia. Reports of the Princeton University Expedition to Patagonia, 1896 - 1899, 3 (Zool): 1 - 210.", "Hershkovitz, P. 1961 a. On the South American small-eared zorro Atelocynus microtis Sclater (Canidae). Fieldiana: Zoology, 39: 505 - 523."]}
New Transport Properties of Anisotropic Holographic Superfluids
Creators: name: Erdmenger, Johanna
name: Fernandez, Daniel
name: Zeller, Hansjörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We complete the analysis of transport phenomena in p-wave superfluids within gauge/gravity duality, using the SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills model with backreaction. In particular, we analyze the fluctuation modes of helicity zero in addition to the helicity one and two modes studied earlier. We compute a further transport coefficient, associated to the first normal stress difference, not previously considered in the holographic context. In the unbroken phase this is related to a minimally coupled scalar on the gravity side. Moreover we find transport phenomena related to the thermoelectric and piezoelectric effects, in particular in the direction of the condensate, as well as the flexoelectric effect. These are similar to phenomena observed in condensed matter systems.
description: 27 pages + appendices, 8 figures