Simulium venustum Say 1823
Creators: name: Adler, Peter H.
name: Crosskey, Roger W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Simuliidae
Simulium
Simulium venustum

description: VENUSTUM species-group
Simulium arakawae Matsumura
Hadi, Takaoka & Aoki (1996, description, photos of all arms, polytene chromosome relative lengths): Japan
Huang, Adler & Takaoka (2011, characterization; inversions mapped; notes on B chromosomes; photos of IL end, IIS, and IIL; resolution relative to S. venustum group standard and Simulium subgeneric standard): Japan
Simulium bergi Rubtsov
Chubareva & Petrukhina (1970, note on comparison with S. erythrocephalum, photos of end of IIIL and lowmagnification polytene complement): [Armenia]
Chubareva, Petrova & Petrukhina (1971, note on comparison with S. erythrocephalum, photos of IIIS and IIIL ends and low-magnification polytene complement): Armenia
Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia
Chubareva, Petrova & Kachvoryan (2003, photos of centromere regions): Armenia
Kachvoryan, Petrova & Chubareva (2003, notes on general polytene features): Armenia
Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Armenia
Simulium curvistylus Rubtsov
Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang (1998, notes on relation to Simulium subgeneric standard and selected members of the S. venustum group): Sweden
Simulium hematophilum Laboulbène
Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘CC2 venustum ’): Canada, USA
Rothfels (1980, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC’): [North America]
Rothfels (1981a, cytodendrogram, note on IIIL polymorphism; as S. venustum ‘CC2’): Canada
Feraday in Adler & Kim (1986, chromosomal characters in larval key, note on IIL-1 inversion; as S. venustum ‘cytospecies CC2’): USA
McCreadie (1991, characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘CC2 venustum ’): Canada
McCreadie, Adler & Colbo (1994, characterization, inversion frequencies, 2 new cytoforms recognized [unnamed]; as S. venustum ‘CC2’): Canada, USA
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of S. ‘CC2 venustum ’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. hematophilum, sex-chromosome polymorphism): North America
Simulium incognitum Adler & Mason
Adler (1986, characterization, comparison with selected members of S. venustum group; as S. venustum cytotype ‘CC4’): Canada
Adler & Mason (1997, characterization, formal name for Adler’s 1986 S. venustum ‘CC4’, inversions mapped, photos of partial IIIL and polymorphisms): Canada, USA
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key): North America
Simulium irritatum Lugger
Rothfels (1980, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC3’): [Canada]
Rothfels (1981a, B chromosomes, characterization, cytodendrogram, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as S. venustum ‘CC3 [CC(gB)B]’): Canada
Adler (1986, notes on geographic variation; as S. venustum cytospecies ‘CC3’): Canada
Ciborowski & Adler (1990, notes on B chromosomes and geographic variation; as S. venustum ‘CC3’): Canada
McCreadie (1991, characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘CC3 venustum ’): Canada
McCreadie, Adler & Colbo (1994, characterization, geographic variation, inversion frequencies; as S. venustum ‘CC3’): Canada, USA
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of Rothfels’s 1981a S. venustum ‘CC3’ as S. irritatum): North America
Simulium minutum Lugger
Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘CC1 venustum ’): Canada
Rothfels (1980, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC1’): [Canada]
Rothfels (1981a, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC1’): Canada
Hunter (1990, chromosomal key; as ‘CC1 venustum ’): Canada
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of S. ‘CC1 venustum ’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. minutum): North America
Simulium molestum Harris
Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘A/C venustum ’): USA
Rothfels (1980, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘A/C’): [USA]
Rothfels (1981a, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘A/C’): USA
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, evidence of reproductive isolation from S. hematophilum, recognition of S. ‘A/C venustum ’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. molestum): North America
Simulium morsitans Edwards
Kudule (1973, description; photos of all chromosomes, B chromosomes, and polymorphisms): Latvia
Chubareva (1974a, frequency of B chromosomes, photos of B chromosomes and low-magnification polytene complement): Russia
Kudule & Shternbergs (1975, notes on comparison with S. rostratum [as S. argyreatum]): Latvia
Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features): Latvia, Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (1984, 2000b, note on B chromosomes): Russia
Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang (1999, resolution relative to S. curvistylus): Sweden
Chubareva & Petrova (2004, notes on general polytene features, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (2006, description of B chromosomes, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase complement): Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase and polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths): Russia
Simulium paramorsitans Rubtsov
Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang (1999, note on resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard): Sweden
Simulium piscicidium Riley
Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, B chromosomes, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photo of partial IIL, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘AC(gB) venustum ’): Canada
Rothfels (1980, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘AC(gB)’): [Canada]
Rothfels (1981a, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘AC(gB)’): Canada, USA
McCreadie (1991, characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘AC(gb) venustum ’): Canada
McCreadie, Adler & Colbo (1994, characterization, inversion frequencies, new cytoform recognized [unnamed]; as S. venustum ‘AC(gB)’): Canada
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of S. ‘AC(gB) venustum ’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. piscicidium): North America
Simulium posticatum Meigen
NOTE: The identity of the species treated by Knoz & Chubareva (1974) and Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 1984, 2003, 2008a) as S. austeni and/or S. posticatum is uncertain, but it is not S. posticatum or any other examined member of the S. venustum group.
Knoz & Chubareva (1974, description, low-magnification photos of B chromosomes and polytene complement; as S. posticatum / austeni): Czech Republic
Chubareva & Petrova (1979, notes on general polytene features; as S. austeni): Czech Republic
Rothfels (1979, cytodendrogram; as S. austeni): Britain ([England])
Chubareva & Petrova (1984, note on B chromosomes; as S. austeni): Czech Republic
Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang (1999, notes on resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard): Britain (England), Sweden
Chubareva & Petrova (2003, notes on general polytene features): Czech Republic
Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase and polytene complements): Czech Republic
Simulium rostratum (Lundström)
Zimring (1953, idiogram, photos of CI and CII regions and portions of all chromosomes, polytene chromosome lengths; as S. venustum): Canada
Chubareva & Petrova (1968, description; frequency of B chromosomes; photos of metaphase and polytene B chromosomes, polytene complement, and ends of IS, IIS, IIIS, and IIIL; as S. verecundum): Russia
Chubareva (1971, note on B chromosomes; as S. verecundum): Russia
Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, B chromosomes; characterization; cytodendrogram; drawing of IIL; inversions mapped; male chiasmate meiosis; photos of IS polymorphisms, IL, IIL, and IIIL; resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘ACD verecundum ’): Britain ([England]), Canada, Finland, Norway
Chubareva & Petrova (1979, 2003, notes on general polytene features; as S. verecundum): Russia
Gordon & Cupp (1980, inversion frequencies; as S. verecundum ‘ACD’): USA
Rothfels (1980, cytodendrogram; as S. verecundum ‘ACD’): [Britain (England), Canada, Finland, Norway]
Rothfels (1981a, cytodendrogram; as S. ‘ACD ver’): [Britain (England), Canada, Finland, Norway]
Chubareva & Petrova (1984, note on B chromosomes; as S. verecundum): Russia
Adler (1986, notes on B chromosomes and geographic variation; as S. verecundum cytospecies ‘ACD’): Canada
Currie & Adler (1986, note on geographic variation; as S. verecundum ‘cytospecies ACD’): Canada
Hunter (1990, chromosomal key; inversions mapped; photos of IS partial, IL, IIIS, and sex chromosomes; as ‘ACD rostratum ’): Canada
McCreadie (1991, characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘ACD verecundum ’): Canada
McCreadie & Colbo (1991, effect of temperature on polytene chromosome quality): Canada
McCreadie, Adler & Colbo (1994, characterization, inversion frequencies): Canada
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, photo of IIL base and partial IIIL of autotriploid): North America
Chubareva & Petrova (2004, notes on B chromosomes and general polytene features, photo of polytene complement including B chromosomes, polytene chromosome lengths; as S. argyreatum): Russia
Chubareva & Petrova (2008a, description, photos of B chromosomes and metaphase and low-resolution polytene complements, polytene chromosome lengths; as S. argyreatum): Czech Republic, Russia
Simulium rubtzovi Smart
Adler, Malmqvist & Zhang (1999, notes on B chromosomes and resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard): Sweden, USA
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard): Sweden, USA
Simulium tormentor Adler, Currie & Wood
Rothfels (1980, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘H/C’): [Canada]
Rothfels (1981a, characterization, cytodendrogram, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as S. venustum ‘H/C sibling’): Canada
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key, formal name for Rothfels’s 1981a S. venustum ‘H/C sibling’, sex-chromosome polymorphism): Canada
Simulium truncatum (Lundström)
Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, B chromosomes, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, photo of IIS, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘EFG/C venustum ’): Canada, Finland, Norway
Rothfels (1979, cytodendrogram): Scandinavia
Rothfels (1981a, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘EFG/C’): Canada, Finland, Norway, USA
Hunter (1990, chromosomal key; inversions mapped; photos of B chromosomes, IL, IIS, IIL, and IIIL; polytene chromosomes from adult Malpighian tubules; as ‘EFG/C truncatum ’): Canada
McCreadie (1991, characterization, note on sex exceptions, photo of chromosome II; as ‘EFG/C venustum ’): Canada
McCreadie, Adler & Colbo (1994, characterization, note on sex exceptions): Canada
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, chromosomal characters in larval key): North America
Simulium venustum Say
Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, B chromosomes, characterization, cytodendrogram, drawings of all arms, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photos of all arms, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘CC venustum ’): Canada, USA
Rothfels (1979, cytodendrogram): North America
Rothfels (1980, cytodendrogram, de novo interchange in individual; as S. venustum and S. venustum ‘CC’): [North America]
Rothfels (1981a, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘CC’): Canada, USA
Adler & Kim (1986, chromosomal characters in larval key; as S. venustum cytospecies ‘CC’): USA
Currie & Adler (1986, note on geographic variation; as S. venustum ‘cytospecies CC’): Canada
Coscarón (1989, idiogram): [North America]
Hunter (1990, chromosomal key; inversions mapped; photos of B chromosomes, IS, IL, IIS, IIL, and IIIL; polytene chromosomes from adult Malpighian tubules; as ‘CC venustum ’): Canada
Coscarón-Arias (2000, idiogram): [North America]
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, chromosomal characters in larval key, recognition of S. venustum ‘CC’ of Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps 1978 as S. venustum s. str.): North America
Sharp & Hunter (2008, chiasmate meiosis in mermithid-infected male larvae; as S. venustum / truncatum / rostratum): Canada
Simulium verecundum Stone & Jamnback
Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, characterization, cytodendrogram, inversions mapped, male chiasmate meiosis, photo of partial IIL, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘AA verecundum ’ and ‘A/C verecundum ’): Canada
Rothfels (1979, cytodendrogram): North America
Gordon & Cupp (1980, inversion frequencies; as S. verecundum ‘AA-AC’): USA
Rothfels (1980, cytodendrogram; as S. verecundum ‘AA’, ‘A/C’, and ‘CC’): [North America]
Rothfels (1981a, cytodendrogram; as S. ‘AA ver’, ‘A/C ver’, and ‘CC ver’): Canada, USA
Adler & Kim (1986, chromosomal characters in larval key; as S. verecundum cytospecies ‘A/C’): USA
Ciborowski & Adler (1990, notes on geographic variation and IIS sequences; as S. verecundum ‘AA-A/C-CC’): Canada
Hunter (1990, chromosomal key, inversions mapped; as ‘A/C verecundum ’): Canada
McCreadie (1991, characterization, inversion frequencies; as ‘AA verecundum ’): Canada
McCreadie, Adler & Colbo (1994, characterization, inversion frequencies): Canada
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, characterization, chromosomal characters in larval key, photo of B chromosome, possible sibling species): North America
Simulium ‘EFG venustum ’ Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps
NOTE: Although Rothfels (1979) tentatively identified this species as S. morsitans, its banding pattern does not match that of bona fide S. morsitans, which does not carry the IIS EFG sequence (Adler, unpublished).
Rothfels, Feraday & Kaneps (1978, characterization, partial resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as ‘EFG venustum ’): Germany
Rothfels (1979, cytodendrogram; as S. morsitans?): Germany
Rothfels (1981a, cytodendrogram; as S. venustum ‘EFG’): Germany, Norway
Simulium venustum ‘JJ’ Rothfels
Rothfels (1981a, characterization, cytodendrogram, resolution relative to Simulium subgeneric standard; as S. venustum ‘JJ, The Oregon Sibling’): USA
Adler, Currie & Wood (2004, breakpoints of J inversion, chromosomal characters in larval key): USA
description: Published as part of Adler, Peter H. & Crosskey, Roger W., 2015, Cytotaxonomy of the Simuliidae (Diptera): a systematic and bibliographic conspectus, pp. 1-139 in Zootaxa 3975 (1) on pages 99-102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3975.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/192364