cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CPMC-Lab: A Matlab Package for Constrained Path Monte Carlo Calculations
Creators: name: Nguyen, Huy
name: Shi, Hao
name: Xu, Jie
name: Zhang, Shiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe CPMC-Lab, a Matlab program for the constrained-path and phaseless auxiliary-field Monte Carlo methods. These methods have allowed applications ranging from the study of strongly correlated models, such as the Hubbard model, to ab initio calculations in molecules and solids. The present package implements the full ground-state constrained-path Monte Carlo (CPMC) method in Matlab with a graphical interface, using the Hubbard model as an example. The package can perform calculations in finite supercells in any dimensions, under periodic or twist boundary conditions. Importance sampling and all other algorithmic details of a total energy calculation are included and illustrated. This open-source tool allows users to experiment with various model and run parameters and visualize the results. It provides a direct and interactive environment to learn the method and study the code with minimal overhead for setup. Furthermore, the package can be easily generalized for auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC) calculations in many other models for correlated electron systems, and can serve as a template for developing a production code for AFQMC total energy calculations in real materials. Several illustrative studies are carried out in one- and two-dimensional lattices on total energy, kinetic energy, potential energy, and charge- and spin-gaps.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Radiation-Induced Gene Signature Predicts Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer Patients
Creators: name: Cheang, Maggie C. U.
name: Oh, Daniel S.
name: Fan, Cheng
name: Perou, Charles M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The identification of biomarkers predictive of neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in breast cancer patients would be an important advancement in personalized cancer therapy. In this study, we hypothesized that due to similarities between radiation- and chemotherapy-induced cellular response mechanisms, radiation-responsive genes may be useful in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Murine p53 null breast cancer cell lines representative of the luminal, basal-like and claudin-low human breast cancer subtypes were irradiated to identify radiation-responsive genes across subtypes. These murine tumor radiation-induced genes were then converted to their human orthologs, and subsequently tested as a predictor of pathologic complete response (pCR), which was validated on two independent published neoadjuvant chemotherapy datasets of genomic data with chemotherapy response. A radiation-induced gene signature consisting of 30 genes was identified on a training set of 337 human primary breast cancer tumor samples that was prognostic for survival. Mean expression of this signature was calculated for individual samples on two independent published datasets and was found to be significantly predictive of pCR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis in both independent datasets showed that this 30 gene signature added significant predictive information independent of that provided by standard clinical predictors and other gene expression-based predictors of pCR. This study provides new information for radiation-induced biology, as well as information regarding response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and a possible means of improving the prediction of pCR.
Dose Estimation for a Study of Nuclear Workers in France, the United Kingdom and the United States of America: Methods for the International Nuclear Workers Study (INWORKS)
Creators: name: Daniels, R. D.
name: Schubauer-Berigan, M. K.
name: Gillies, M.
name: Cardis, E.
name: Haylock, R.
name: Moissonnier, M.
name: Hamra, G. B.
name: Richardson, D. B.
name: Laurier, D.
name: Leuraud, K.
name: Thierry-Chef, I.
name: O'Hagan, J.
name: Kesminiene, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In the framework of the International Nuclear Workers Study conducted in France, the UK and the U.S. (INWORKS), updated and expanded methods were developed to convert recorded doses of ionizing radiation to estimates of organ doses or individual personal dose equivalent [Hp(10)] for a total number of 308,297 workers, including 40,035 women. This approach accounts for differences in dosimeter response to predominant workplace energy and geometry of exposure and for the recently published ICRP report on dose coefficients for men and women separately. The overall mean annual individual personal dose equivalent, including zero doses, is 1.73 mSv [median = 0.42; interquartile range (IQR): 0.07, 1.59]. Associated individual organ doses were estimated. INWORKS includes workers who had potential for exposure to neutrons. Therefore, we analyzed neutron dosimetry data to identify workers potentially exposed to neutrons. We created a time-varying indicator for each worker, classifying them according to whether they had a positive recorded neutron dose and if so, whether their neutron dose ever exceeded 10% of their total external penetrating radiation dose. The number of workers flagged as being exposed to neutrons was 13% for the full cohort, with 15% of the cohort in France, 12% of the cohort in the UK and 14% in the U.S. We also used available information on in vivo and bioassay monitoring to identify workers with known depositions or suspected internal contaminations. As a result of this work, information is now available that will allow various types of sensitivity analyses.
Effects of High-Dose Microbeam Irradiation on Tumor Microvascular Function and Angiogenesis
Creators: name: Chang, Sha
name: Schroeder, Thies
name: Berman, Katherine G.
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Palmer, Gregory M.
name: Dewhirst, Mark W.
name: Fontanella, Andrew N.
name: Hadsell, Michael
name: Boss, Mary-Keara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is a form of cancer treatment in which a single large dose of radiation is spatially fractionated in-line or grid-like patterns. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that MRT is capable of eliciting high levels of tumor response while sparing normal tissue that is exposed to the same radiation field. Since a large fraction of the MRT-treated tumor is in the dose valley region that is not directly irradiated, tumor response may be driven by radiation bystander effects, which in turn elicit a microvascular response. Differential alterations in hemodynamics between the tumor and normal tissue may explain the therapeutic advantages of MRT. Direct observation of these dynamic responses presents a challenge for conventional ex vivo analysis. Furthermore, knowledge gleaned from in vitro studies of radiation bystander response has not been widely incorporated into in vivo models of tumor radiotherapy, and the biological contribution of the bystander effect within the tumor microenvironment is unknown. In this study, we employed noninvasive, serial observations of the tumor microenvironment to address the question of how tumor vasculature and HIF-1 expression are affected by microbeam radiotherapy. Tumors (approximately 4 mm in diameter) grown in a dorsal window chamber were irradiated in a single fraction using either a single, microplanar beam (300 micron wide swath) or a wide-field setup (whole-window chamber) to a total dose of 50 Gy. The tumors were optically observed daily for seven days postirradiation. Microvascular changes in the tumor and surrounding normal tissue differed greatly between the wide-field and microbeam treatments. We present evidence that these changes may be due to dissimilar spatial and temporal patterns of HIF-1 expression induced through radiation bystander effects.
On Identifying and Mitigating Bias in Inferred Measurements for Solar Vector Magnetic Field Data
Creators: name: Leka, K. D.
name: Wagner, Eric L.
name: Griñón-Marín, Ana Belén
name: Bommier, Véronique
name: Higgins, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of bias, meaning over- or underestimation, of the component perpendicular to the line-of-sight, Bperp, in vector magnetic field maps is discussed. Previous works on this topic have illustrated that the problem exists; here we perform novel investigations to quantify the bias, fully understand its source(s), and provide mitigation strategies. First, we develop quantitative metrics to measure the Bperp bias and quantify the effect in both local (physical) and native image-plane components. Second we test and evaluate different inversion options and data sources, to systematically characterize the impacts of choices, including explicitly accounting for the magnetic fill fraction ff. Third we deploy a simple model to test how noise and different models of the bias may manifest. From these three investigations we find that while the bias is dominantly present in under-resolved structures, it is also present in strong-field pixel-filling structures. Noise in the magnetograms can exacerbate the problem, but it is not the primary cause. We show that fitting ff explicitly provides significant mitigation, but that other considerations such as choice of chi^2 weights and optimization algorithms can impact the results as well. Finally, we demonstrate a straightforward "quick fix" that can be applied post-facto but prior to solving the 180deg ambiguity in Bperp, and which may be useful when global-scale structures are, e.g., used for model boundary input. The conclusions of this work support the deployment of inversion codes that explicitly fit ff or, as with the new SyntHIA neural-net, that are trained on data that did so.
description: 33 pages, 23 figures; accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Treating Brain Tumor with Microbeam Radiation Generated by a Compact Carbon-Nanotube-Based Irradiator: Initial Radiation Efficacy Study
Creators: name: Lu, Jianping
name: Chang, Sha
name: Inscoe, Christina R.
name: Burk, Laurel M.
name: Hadsell, Mike
name: Frank, Jonathan E.
name: Yuan, Hong
name: Zhou, Otto
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Lee, Yueh Z.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Microbeam radiation treatment (MRT) using synchrotron radiation has shown great promise in the treatment of brain tumors, with a demonstrated ability to eradicate the tumor while sparing normal tissue in small animal models. With the goal of expediting the advancement of MRT research beyond the limited number of synchrotron facilities in the world, we recently developed a compact laboratory-scale microbeam irradiator using carbon nanotube (CNT) field emission-based X-ray source array technology. The focus of this study is to evaluate the effects of the microbeam radiation generated by this compact irradiator in terms of tumor control and normal tissue damage in a mouse brain tumor model. Mice with U87MG human glioblastoma were treated with sham irradiation, low-dose MRT, high-dose MRT or 10 Gy broad-beam radiation treatment (BRT). The microbeams were 280 µm wide and spaced at 900 µm center-to-center with peak dose at either 48 Gy (low-dose MRT) or 72 Gy (high-dose MRT). Survival studies showed that the mice treated with both MRT protocols had a significantly extended life span compared to the untreated control group (31.4 and 48.5% of life extension for low- and high-dose MRT, respectively) and had similar survival to the BRT group. Immunostaining on MRT mice demonstrated much higher DNA damage and apoptosis level in tumor tissue compared to the normal brain tissue. Apoptosis in normal tissue was significantly lower in the low-dose MRT group compared to that in the BRT group at 48 h postirradiation. Interestingly, there was a significantly higher level of cell proliferation in the MRT-treated normal tissue compared to that in the BRT-treated mice, indicating rapid normal tissue repairing process after MRT. Microbeam radiation exposure on normal brain tissue causes little apoptosis and no macrophage infiltration at 30 days after exposure. This study is the first biological assessment on MRT effects using the compact CNT-based irradiator. It provides an alternative technology that can enable widespread MRT research on mechanistic studies using a preclinical model, as well as further translational research towards clinical applications.
Antipodal Symmetry of Two-Loop MHV Amplitudes
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a conjecture that all two-loop MHV amplitudes in planar $\mathcal{N} = 4$ super-Yang-Mills theory possess an antipodal symmetry when evaluated on parity-even kinematics. The symmetry acts as a change of basis on the symbol letters, followed by the antipode operation associated with the Hopf algebra structure of multiple polylogarithms. At the symbol level, I provide the symmetry map explicitly for amplitudes with up to eight external particles, and also provide evidence at all multiplicities. Intriguingly, the map acts as an isomorphism on the normal fans of the Newton polytopes of the symbol letters. The conjectured symmetry is one of the rare known cases where the antipode map shows up in physically important examples.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Imaging across the Life Span: Innovations in Imaging and Therapy for Gynecologic Cancer
Creators: name: Backes, Floor J.
name: Ayan, Ahmet S.
name: Xu-Welliver, Meng
name: Mayr, Nina A.
name: Moshiri, Mariam
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Yuh, William T. C.
name: Macura, Katarzyna J.
name: Huang, Zhibin
name: Jia, Guang
name: Fielding, Julia R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This review addresses the optimization of multidisciplinary care of patients with gynecologic cancer to include imaging as a central component of radiation treatment planning and delivery.
Air Quality Measurements at Marienplatz, Stuttgart using Continuous Monitoring Station
Creators: name: Samad, Abdul
name: Rao, Rashmi
name: Vogt, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: PM, NO2, NO, O3, CO, Air Pollution, Monitoring Station, Stuttgart

description: Air quality measurements in Stuttgart are performed under the project "Urban Climate Under Change [UC]²" funded by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) This project aims to develop, validate and build an urban climate model to simulate the atmospheric processes in cities ranging from small area such as a street canyon to a larger area such as a city Under this project continuous measurements at Marienplatz for a period of around six years (March 2017 – December 2022) is planned Marienplatz is located in the path of fresh cold air flows blowing from terrains of Kaltental at night and proceeding towards the valley in city center; is the appropriate location to study the pollutant concentration
On the dichotomy of Seyfert 2 galaxies: intrinsic differences and evolution
Creators: name: Koulouridis, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the local environment (<200 kpc/h) of 31 Hidden Broad Line Region (HBLR) and 43 non-HBLR Seyfert 2 galaxies (Sy2) in the nearby universe (z<0.04). To compare our findings, we constructed two control samples that match the redshift and the morphological type distribution of the HBLR and non-HBLR samples respectively. We used the NED (NASA extragalactic database) to find all neighboring galaxies within projected radius of 200 kpc/h around each galaxy, and radial velocity difference delta_u< 500 km/s. We find that, within a projected radius of at least 150 kpc/h around each Seyfert, the fraction of non-HBLR Sy2 galaxies with a close companion is significantly higher than that of their control sample, at the 96% confidence level. Interestingly, the difference is due to the high frequency of mergers in the non-HBLR sample, seven versus only one in the control sample, while also they present a high number of hosts with signs of peculiar morphology. In sharp contrast, the HBLR sample is consistent with its control sample and furthermore, the number of their host galaxies that present peculiar morphology, which probably implies some level of interactions or merging in the past, is the lowest in all four galaxy samples. Given that the HBLR Seyfert 2 galaxies are essentially Seyfert 1 (Sy1), with their broad line region (BLR) hidden because of the obscuration by the torus, while the non-HBLR Sy2 sample probably also includes intrinsically different objects, like "true" Sy2s that lack the BLR, and heavily obscured objects that prohibit even its indirect detection, our results are discussed within the context of an evolutionary sequence of activity triggered by close galaxy interactions and merging. We argue that the non-HBLR Sy2 galaxies may represent different stages of this sequence, possibly the beginning and the end of the nuclear activity.
description: 9 pages, published by A&A
X-ray illuminated accretion discs and quasar microlensing disc sizes
Creators: name: Papadakis, I. E.
name: Dovciak, M.
name: Kammoun, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the half-light radius versus black hole mass as well as the luminosity versus black hole mass relations in active galactic nuclei (AGN) when the disc is illuminated by the X-ray corona. We used KYNSED, a recently developed spectral model for studying broadband spectral energy distribution in AGN. We considered non-illuminated Novikov-Thorne discs and X-ray illuminated discs based on a Novikov-Thorne temperature radial profile. We also considered the case where the temperature profile is modified by a colour-correction factor. We assumed that the X-ray luminosity is equal to the accretion power that is dissipated to the disc below a transition radius. The half-light radius of X-ray illuminated radii can be up to some three to four times greater than the radius of a standard disc, even for a non-spinning black hole, due to the fact that the absorbed X-rays act as a secondary source of energy, increasing the disc temperature. Non-illuminated discs are consistent with observations, but only at the 2.5sigma level. On the other hand, X-ray illuminated discs can explain both the half-light radius-black hole mass as well as the luminosity-black hole mass relation in AGN, for a wide range of physical parameters. In addition, we show that the observed X-ray luminosity of the gravitationally lensed quasars is fully consistent with the X-ray luminosity that is necessary for heating the disc. X-ray disc illumination was proposed many years ago to explain various features that are commonly observed in the X-ray spectra of AGN. Recently, we showed that X-ray illumination of accretion disc can also explain the observed UV/optical time-lags in AGN, while in this work, we show that the same model can also account for the quasar micro-lensing disc size problem. These results support the hypothesis of the disc X-ray illumination in AGN.
description: Paper replaced with a new version to correct for minor mistakes (this is the version that will appear in A&A)
Issues to Consider in Converting to Digital Mammography
Creators: name: Pisano, Etta D.
name: Marques, Helga S.
name: Zuley, Margarita
name: Baum, Janet K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This paper will outline the reasons that many radiology practices are converting to digital mammography. In addition, we will provide basic information on the issues that must be considered in making the transformation. These include technical matters regarding image display, storage and retrieval, as well as clinical and ergonomic considerations.
Creation of orbital angular momentum states with chiral polaritonic lenses
Creators: name: Dall, Robert
name: Fraser, Michael D.
name: Desyatnikov, Anton S.
name: Li, Guangyao
name: Brodbeck, Sebastian
name: Kamp, Martin
name: Schneider, Christian
name: Höfling, Sven
name: Ostrovskaya, Elena A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlled transfer of orbital angular momentum to exciton-polariton Bose-Einstein condensate spontaneously created under incoherent, off-resonant excitation conditions is a long-standing challenge in the field of microcavity polaritonics. We demonstrate, experimentally and theoretically, a simple and efficient approach to generation of nontrivial orbital angular momentum states by using optically-induced potentials -- chiral polaritonic lenses.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Null transit detections of 68 radial velocity exoplanets observed by TESS
Creators: name: Lovos, F. V.
name: Díaz, R. F.
name: Nieto, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years the number of exoplanets has grown considerably. The most successful techniques in these detections are the radial velocity (RV) and planetary transits techniques, the latter significantly advanced by the Kepler, K2 and, more recently, the TESS missions. The detection of exoplanets both by means of transit and by RVs is of importance, because this would allows characterizing their bulk densities, and internal compositions. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) survey offers a unique possibility to search for transits of extrasolar planets detected by RV. In this work, we present the results of the search for transits of planets detected with the radial velocity technique, using the photometry of the TESS space mission. We focus on systems with super-Earths and Neptunes planets on orbits with periods shorter than 30 days. This cut is intended to keep objects with a relatively high transit probability, and is also consistent with duration of TESS observations on a single sector. Given the summed geometric transit probabilities, the expected number of transiting planets is $3.4 \pm 1.8$. The sample contains two known transiting planets. We report null results for the remaining 66 out of 68 planets studied, and we exclude in all cases planets larger than 2.4 R$_{\oplus}$, under the assumption of central transits. The remaining two planets orbit HD~136352 and have been recently been announced.
description: 29 pages, 47 figures and 4 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
title: Informationsextraktion unter Anwendung maschinellen Lernens zur Unterstützung eines Angebotsprozesses
Creators: name: Sperl, Christopher Franz
Publisher: name: FH CAMPUS 02 (CAMPUS 02 Fachhochschule der Wirtschaft)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 006 Spezielle Computerverfahren

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Einblick in die Anwendung maschinellen Lernens zur Informationsextraktion aus natürlichsprachlichem Text. Das Ziel besteht darin, TechnikerInnen bei der Angebotslegung für Transformatoren zu unterstützen, indem Algorithmen Routineaufgaben übernehmen, und damit mehr Zeit für die Bearbeitung neuer oder besonderer Anforderungen zu schaffen. Hierzu werden einführend Fachbegriffe erklärt, um einen Überblick über das Fachgebiet zu geben. Im folgenden Theorieteil werden die Grundlagen beginnend bei relativer Wahrscheinlichkeit über endliche Automaten bis hin zu neuronalen Netzen anhand von Beispielen bearbeitet. Danach wurde im praktischen Teil der Arbeit anhand prototypischer Umsetzungen die Eignung einzelner Methoden des maschinellen Lernens getestet. Um den Entwicklungen, die im Jahr 2019 im Bereich Sprachverständnis stattfanden, Rechnung zu tragen, wurden im praktischen Teil ebenfalls Methoden des Transfer Learnings eingeführt und am Beispiel ausprobiert. Neben diesen wurden zudem softwaretechnische Aspekte, wie die Visualisierung der Daten in einer Webapplikation, prototypisch umgesetzt . Abschließend wird ein Weg aufgezeigt, der auf Basis der aus den prototypischen Umsetzungen gewonnenen Erfahrung empfehlenswert erscheint.
description: This master’s thesis provides insight into the application of machine learning to extract information from natural language text. The desired application will support technicians in the quotation process for transformers by using algorithms to complete routine tasks and thus create more time for the processing of new or special requirements. For this purpose, introductory technical terms are explained to afford an overview of the field. The following theoretical section addresses the basics, including relative probability, finite automata and neural networks based on examples. The practical part of the work tests the suitability of individual methods of machine learning through prototypical implementations. To reflect the developments that have occurred in the field of language comprehension in 2019, methods of transfer learning are also introduced in the practical part for testing, using an example. Furthermore, technical aspects of software, such as the visualisation of data in a web application, are also implemented as prototypes. Finally, recommendations are offered based on the experience gained from the prototypical implementations.
The three-loop equal-mass banana integral in $\varepsilon$-factorised form with meromorphic modular forms
Creators: name: Pögel, Sebastian
name: Wang, Xing
name: Weinzierl, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the differential equation for the three-loop equal-mass banana integral can be cast into an $\varepsilon$-factorised form with entries constructed from (meromorphic) modular forms and one special function, which can be given as an iterated integral of meromorphic modular forms. The $\varepsilon$-factorised form of the differential equation allows for a systematic solution to any order in the dimensional regularisation parameter $\varepsilon$. The alphabet of the iterated integrals contains six letters.
description: 30 pages, v2: version to be published
Blood Vessel Morphologic Changes Depicted with MR Angiography during Treatment of Brain Metastases: A Feasibility Study
Creators: name: Carey, Lisa A.
name: Smith, J. Keith
name: Ewend, Matthew G.
name: Zeng, Donglin
name: Winer, Eric P.
name: Lin, Weili
name: Lin, Nancy U.
name: Bullitt, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: To prospectively determine a) if magnetic resonance angiograms (MRA) can detect intracranial vascular morphological changes during treatment of brain metastases from breast cancer, and b) if serial, quantitative vessel tortuosity measurements might predict tumor treatment response in advance of traditional methods.
Accuracy of Soft-Copy Digital Mammography versus That of Screen-Film Mammography according to Digital Manufacturer: ACRIN DMIST Retrospective Multireader Study
Creators: name: Mawdsley, Gordon E.
name: Pisano, Etta D.
name: Acharyya, Suddhasatta
name: Cole, Elodia B.
name: Marques, Helga
name: Jong, Roberta A.
name: Hendrick, R. Edward
name: Rebner, Murray
name: Cohen, Michael A.
name: Gatsonis, Constantine
name: Kanal, Kalpana M.
name: D'Orsi, Carl J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: To retrospectively compare the accuracy for cancer diagnosis of digital mammography with soft-copy interpretation with that of screen-film mammography for each digital equipment manufacturer, by using results of biopsy and follow-up as the reference standard.
Air Quality Measurements in Stuttgart Using Tethered Balloon
Creators: name: Samad, Abdul
name: Panta, Agnesh
name: Uprety, Dependra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Urban Climate Under Change – [UC]², tethered balloon, vertical profiles, PM, BC, temperature inversion

description: The air quality measurements in Stuttgart are performed under the project "Urban Climate Under Change – [UC]²" which aims to develop, validate and apply an innovative urban climate model for entire cities This project emphasizes to collect comprehensive observation data on weather, climate and air quality in three German cities, namely Berlin, Stuttgart and Hamburg The balloon measurements provide the vertical profile of meteorological parameters and air pollutants Local flow systems as well as inversion layers and its effect on pollutants are also investigated
Diagnostic Accuracy of Digital versus Film Mammography: Exploratory Analysis of Selected Population Subgroups in DMIST
Creators: name: Baum, Janet K.
name: Bassett, Lawrence W.
name: Fajardo, Laurie L.
name: Hanna, Lucy A.
name: Jong, Roberta A.
name: Cormack, Jean B.
name: Acharyya, Suddhasatta
name: Yaffe, Martin J.
name: Gatsonis, Constantine A.
name: Tosteson, Anna N. A.
name: Hendrick, R. Edward
name: D'Orsi, Carl J.
name: Rebner, Murray
name: Conant, Emily F.
name: Pisano, Etta D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Purpose: To retrospectively compare the accuracy of digital versus film mammography in population subgroups of the Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (DMIST) defined by combinations of age, menopausal status, and breast density, by using either biopsy results or follow-up information as the reference standard.
Partial Wave Analysis of the Reaction $p(3.5 GeV)+p \to pK^+Λ$ to Search for the "$ppK^-$" Bound State
Creators: name: Agakishiev, G.
name: Arnold, O.
name: Belver, D.
name: Belyaev, A.
name: Berger-Chen, J. C.
name: Blanco, A.
name: Böhmer, M.
name: Boyard, J. L.
name: Cabanelas, P.
name: Chernenko, S.
name: Dybczak, A.
name: Epple, E.
name: Fabbietti, L.
name: Fateev, O.
name: Finocchiaro, P.
name: Fonte, P.
name: Friese, J.
name: Fröhlich, I.
name: Galatyuk, T.
name: Garzón, J. A.
name: Gernhäuser, R.
name: Göbel, K.
name: Golubeva, M.
name: González-Díaz, D.
name: Guber, F.
name: Gumberidze, M.
name: Heinz, T.
name: Hennino, T.
name: Holzmann, R.
name: Ierusalimov, A.
name: Iori, I.
name: Ivashkin, A.
name: Jurkovic, M.
name: Kämpfer, B.
name: Karavicheva, T.
name: Koenig, I.
name: Koenig, W.
name: Kolb, B. W.
name: Kornakov, G.
name: Kotte, R.
name: Krasa, A.
name: Krizek, F.
name: Krücken, R.
name: Kuc, H.
name: Kühn, W.
name: Kugler, A.
name: Kunz, T.
name: Kurepin, A.
name: Ladygin, V.
name: Lalik, R.
name: Lapidus, K.
name: Lebedev, A.
name: Lopes, L.
name: Lorenz, M.
name: Maier, L.
name: Mangiarotti, A.
name: Markert, J.
name: Metag, V.
name: Michel, J.
name: Müntz, C.
name: Münzer, R.
name: Naumann, L.
name: Pachmayer, Y. C.
name: Palka, M.
name: Parpottas, Y.
name: Pechenov, V.
name: Pechenova, O.
name: Pietraszko, J.
name: Przygoda, W.
name: Ramstein, B.
name: Reshetin, A.
name: Rustamov, A.
name: Sadovsky, A.
name: Salabura, P.
name: Schmah, A.
name: Schwab, E.
name: Siebenson, J.
name: Sobolev, Yu. G.
name: Spataro, S.
name: Spruck, B.
name: Ströbele, H.
name: Stroth, J.
name: Sturm, C.
name: Tarantola, A.
name: Teilab, K.
name: Tlusty, P.
name: Traxler, M.
name: Tsertos, H.
name: Vasiliev, T.
name: Wagner, V.
name: Weber, M.
name: Wendisch, C.
name: Wüstenfeld, J.
name: Yurevich, S.
name: Zanevsky, Y.
name: Sarantsev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing the Bonn-Gatchina partial wave analysis framework (PWA), we have analyzed HADES data of the reaction $p(3.5GeV)+p\to pK^{+}Λ$. This reaction might contain information about the kaonic cluster "$ppK^-$" via its decay into $pΛ$. Due to interference effects in our coherent description of the data, a hypothetical $\overline{K}NN$ (or, specifically "$ppK^-$") cluster signal must not necessarily show up as a pronounced feature (e.g. a peak) in an invariant mass spectra like $pΛ$. Our PWA analysis includes a variety of resonant and non-resonant intermediate states and delivers a good description of our data (various angular distributions and two-hadron invariant mass spectra) without a contribution of a $\overline{K}NN$ cluster. At a confidence level of CL$_{s}$=95\% such a cluster can not contribute more than 2-12\% to the total cross section with a $pK^{+}Λ$ final state, which translates into a production cross-section between 0.7 $μb$ and 4.2 $μb$, respectively. The range of the upper limit depends on the assumed cluster mass, width and production process.
description: 7 Pages, 5 Figures
Reproducibility of Dynamic MR Imaging Pelvic Measurements: A Multi-institutional Study
Creators: name: Salomon, Caryl G.
name: Stolpen, Alan H.
name: Wai, Clifford Y.
name: Fielding, Julia R.
name: Ye, Wen
name: Brubaker, Linda
name: Lockhart, Mark E.
name: Weber, Anne M.
name: Richter, Holly E.
name: Hakim, Christiane M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Purpose: To assess the reproducibility of bone and soft-tissue pelvimetry measurements obtained from dynamic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies in primiparous women across multiple centers.
Association between Mucoid Pseudomonas Infection and Bronchiectasis in Children with Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Farrell, Philip M.
name: Brody, Alan S.
name: Gershan, William M.
name: Rock, Michael J.
name: Collins, Jannette
name: Laxova, Anita
name: Li, Zhanhai
name: Broderick, Lynn S.
name: Kosorok, Michael R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: To correlate the severity of bronchiectasis in children with cystic fibrosis with clinical and microbiologic variables in order to clarify risk factors for the development of irreversible lung disease.
Cancer Cases from ACRIN Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial: Radiologist Analysis with Use of a Logistic Regression Model
Creators: name: Yoon, Sora C.
name: Yaffe, Martin J.
name: Marques, Helga S.
name: Pavic, Dag
name: Blevins, Meredith
name: Cole, Elodia B.
name: Hendrick, R. Edward
name: Fajardo, Laurie L.
name: Koomen, Marcia A.
name: Kuzmiak, Cherie M.
name: Jong, Roberta A.
name: Padungchaichote, Wittaya
name: Conant, Emily F.
name: Baum, Janet K.
name: Lee, Yeonhee
name: Pisano, Etta D.
name: Acharyya, Suddhasatta
name: Gatsonis, Constantine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: To determine which factors contributed to the Digital Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (DMIST) cancer detection results.
Prompt cusp formation from the gravitational collapse of peaks in the initial cosmological density field
Creators: name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present an analytic model for the early post-collapse evolution of a spherical density peak on the coherence scale of the initial fluctuations in a universe filled with collisionless and pressure-free "dust". On a time-scale which is short compared to the peak's collapse time $t_0$, its inner regions settle into an equilibrium cusp with a power-law density profile, $ρ\propto r^{-12/7}$. Within this cusp, the circular orbit period $P$ at each radius is related to the enclosed mass $M$ by $P = t_0 (M/M_c)^{2/3}$ where $M_c$ is a suitably defined characteristic mass for the initial peak. The relaxation mechanism which produces this cusp gives insight into those which are active in high-resolution simulations of first halo formation in Cold or Warm Dark Matter universes, and, indeed, a simple argument suggests that the same power-law index $γ=-12/7$ should describe the prompt cusps formed during the collapse of generic peaks, independent of any symmetry assumption. Further work is needed to investigate whether additional factors are required to explain the slightly flatter exponent, $γ\approx -1.5$, found in high-resolution numerical simulations of peak collapse.
description: Accepted as a Letter to MNRAS
Multicomponent Dark Matter in Radiative Seesaw Model and Monochromatic Neutrino Flux
Creators: name: Aoki, Mayumi
name: Kubo, Jisuke
name: Takano, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two loop radiative seesaw model with an exact $Z_2 \times Z'_2$ symmetry, which can stabilize two or three dark matter particles. The model is a simple extension of the inert scalar model of Ma, where the lepton-number violating mass term of the inert scalar, which is required to be small for small neutrino masses, is generated at the one-loop level. The semi-annihilation processes of different dark matter particles, which are present when there exist more than three different dark matter particles, not only play an important role for their relic densities, but also are responsible for the monochromatic neutrino lines resulting from the dark matter annihilation processes. The monochromatic neutrinos do not suffer from a chiral suppression, and we investigate the observational possibility of the monochromatic neutrino flux from the Sun.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
First Insights into the ISM at $z>8$ with JWST: Possible Physical Implications of a High [O III]$\mathbf{λ4363}$/[O III]$\mathbf{λ5007}$
Creators: name: Katz, Harley
name: Saxena, Aayush
name: Cameron, Alex J.
name: Carniani, Stefano
name: Bunker, Andrew J.
name: Arribas, Santiago
name: Bhatawdekar, Rachana
name: Bowler, Rebecca A. A.
name: Boyett, Kristan N. K.
name: Cresci, Giovanni
name: Curtis-Lake, Emma
name: D'Eugenio, Francesco
name: Kumari, Nimisha
name: Looser, Tobias J.
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Ubler, Hannah
name: Willott, Chris
name: Witstok, Joris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of the rest-frame optical emission line ratios for three spectroscopically confirmed galaxies at $z>7.5$. The galaxies were identified in the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Early Release Observations field SMACS J0723.3$-$7327. By quantitatively comparing Balmer and oxygen line ratios of these galaxies with various low-redshift "analogue" populations (e.g. Green Peas, Blueberries, etc.), we show that no single analogue population captures the diversity of line ratios of all three galaxies observed at $z>7.5$. We find that S06355 at $z=7.67$ and S10612 at $z=7.66$ are similar to local Green Peas and Blueberries. In contrast, S04590 at $z=8.50$ appears to be significantly different from the other two galaxies, most resembling extremely low-metallicity systems in the local Universe. Perhaps the most striking spectral feature in S04590 is the curiously high [O III] $\lambda4363$/[O III] $\lambda5007$ ratio (RO3) of $0.048$ (or $0.055$ when dust-corrected), implying either extremely high electron temperatures, $\sim3\times10^4$ K, or gas densities $>10^4\ {\rm cm^{-3}}$. Observed line ratios indicate that this galaxy is unlikely to host an AGN. Using photoionization modelling, we show that the inclusion of high-mass X-ray binaries or a high cosmic ray background in addition to a young, low-metallicity stellar population can provide the additional heating necessary to explain the observed high RO3 while remaining consistent with other observed line ratios. Our models represent a first step at accurately characterising the dominant sources of photoionization and heating at very high redshifts, demonstrating that non-thermal processes may become important as we probe deeper into the Epoch of Reionization.
description: 12 Pages, 4 Figures, Accepted by MNRAS
Development of Fast and Precise Scan Mirror Mechanism for an Airborne Solar Telescope
Creators: name: Oba, Takayoshi
name: Shimizu, Toshifumi
name: Katsukawa, Yukio
name: Kubo, Masahito
name: Kawabata, Yusuke
name: Hara, Hirohisa
name: Uraguchi, Fumihiro
name: Tsuzuki, Toshihiro
name: Tamura, Tomonori
name: Shinoda, Kazuya
name: Kodeki, Kazuhide
name: Fukushima, Kazuhiko
name: Fernández, José Miguel Morales
name: Gómez, Antonio Sánchez
name: Jimenéz, María Balaguer
name: Expósito, David Hernández
name: Gandorfer, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a scan mirror mechanism (SMM) that enable a slit-based spectrometer or spectropolarimeter to precisely and quickly map an astronomical object. The SMM, designed to be installed in the optical path preceding the entrance slit, tilts a folding mirror and then moves the reflected image laterally on the slit plane, thereby feeding a different one-dimensional image to be dispersed by the spectroscopic equipment. In general, the SMM is required to scan quickly and broadly while precisely placing the slit position across the field-of-view (FOV). These performances are highly in demand for near-future observations, such as studies on the magnetohydrodynamics of the photosphere and the chromosphere. Our SMM implements a closed-loop control system by installing electromagnetic actuators and gap-based capacitance sensors. Our optical test measurements confirmed that the SMM fulfils the following performance criteria: i) supreme scan-step uniformity (linearity of 0.08%) across the wide scan range (${\pm}$1005 arcsec), ii) high stability (3$σ$ = 0.1 arcsec), where the angles are expressed in mechanical angle, and iii) fast stepping speed (26 ms). The excellent capability of the SMM will be demonstrated soon in actual use by installing the mechanism for a near-infrared spectropolarimeter onboard the balloon-borne solar observatory for the third launch, Sunrise III.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures,accepted in Solar Physics
Comparison of Soft-copy and Hard-copy Reading for Full-Field Digital Mammography
Creators: name: Marques, Helga S.
name: Nishikawa, Robert M.
name: Rebner, Murray
name: Staiger, Melinda J.
name: Mahoney, Mary C.
name: Gatsonis, Constantine
name: Farria, Dione M.
name: Pisano, Etta D.
name: D'Orsi, Carl J.
name: Acharyya, Suddhasatta
name: Kanal, Kalpana M.
name: Cole, Elodia B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Purpose: To compare radiologists' performance in detecting breast cancer when reading full-field digital mammographic (FFDM) images either displayed on monitors or printed on film.
El papel del agua mineral natural en la salud de la mujer. Informe científico del Instituto de Investigación Agua y Salud
Creators: name: Loria-Kohen, Viviana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: Informe científico del Instituto de Investigación Agua y Salud. Nº 4. Págs: 1-49

Este informe tiene como protagonista a la mujer. Se revisa el papel del agua mineral natural como una bebida básica en las diferentes etapas biológicas, así como el papel relevante de este nutriente para el cuidado de la salud y la prevención y tratamiento en las enfermedades más frecuentes.
Disclosing Harmful Mammography Errors to Patients
Creators: name: Onega, Tracy L.
name: Carney, Patricia A.
name: Rosenberg, Robert D.
name: Brenner, R. James
name: Geller, Berta M.
name: Miglioretti, Diana L.
name: Elmore, Joann G.
name: Lehman, Constance D.
name: Kerlikowske, Karla
name: Gallagher, Thomas H.
name: Yankaskas, Bonnie C.
name: Cook, Andrea J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: To assess radiologists’ attitudes about disclosing errors to patients by using a survey with a vignette involving an error interpreting a patient's mammogram, leading to a delayed cancer diagnosis.
Variability in Interpretive Performance at Screening Mammography and Radiologists’ Characteristics Associated with Accuracy
Creators: name: Carney, Patricia A.
name: Geller, Berta M.
name: Onega, Tracy
name: Elmore, Joann G.
name: Miglioretti, Diana L.
name: Rosenberg, Robert D.
name: Kerlikowske, Karla
name: Sickles, Edward A.
name: Buist, Diana S. M.
name: Jackson, Sara L.
name: Yankaskas, Bonnie C.
name: Abraham, Linn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: To identify radiologists’ characteristics associated with interpretive performance in screening mammography.
Graph analysis of functional brain networks: practical issues in translational neuroscience
Creators: name: Fallani, Fabrizio De Vico
name: Richiardi, Jonas
name: Chavez, Mario
name: Achard, Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The brain can be regarded as a network: a connected system where nodes, or units, represent different specialized regions and links, or connections, represent communication pathways. From a functional perspective communication is coded by temporal dependence between the activities of different brain areas. In the last decade, the abstract representation of the brain as a graph has allowed to visualize functional brain networks and describe their non-trivial topological properties in a compact and objective way. Nowadays, the use of graph analysis in translational neuroscience has become essential to quantify brain dysfunctions in terms of aberrant reconfiguration of functional brain networks. Despite its evident impact, graph analysis of functional brain networks is not a simple toolbox that can be blindly applied to brain signals. On the one hand, it requires a know-how of all the methodological steps of the processing pipeline that manipulates the input brain signals and extract the functional network properties. On the other hand, a knowledge of the neural phenomenon under study is required to perform physiological-relevant analysis. The aim of this review is to provide practical indications to make sense of brain network analysis and contrast counterproductive attitudes.