cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
COCO-DR: Combating Distribution Shifts in Zero-Shot Dense Retrieval with Contrastive and Distributionally Robust Learning
Creators: name: Yu, Yue
name: Xiong, Chenyan
name: Sun, Si
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Overwijk, Arnold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new zero-shot dense retrieval (ZeroDR) method, COCO-DR, to improve the generalization ability of dense retrieval by combating the distribution shifts between source training tasks and target scenarios. To mitigate the impact of document differences, COCO-DR continues pretraining the language model on the target corpora to adapt the model to target distributions via COtinuous COtrastive learning. To prepare for unseen target queries, COCO-DR leverages implicit Distributionally Robust Optimization (iDRO) to reweight samples from different source query clusters for improving model robustness over rare queries during fine-tuning. COCO-DR achieves superior average performance on BEIR, the zero-shot retrieval benchmark. At BERT Base scale, COCO-DR Base outperforms other ZeroDR models with 60x larger size. At BERT Large scale, COCO-DR Large outperforms the giant GPT-3 embedding model which has 500x more parameters. Our analysis show the correlation between COCO-DR's effectiveness in combating distribution shifts and improving zero-shot accuracy. Our code and model can be found at \url{https://github.com/OpenMatch/COCO-DR}.
description: EMNLP 2022 (Main Conference). The code and Model can be found at https://github.com/OpenMatch/COCO-DR
Practical Field Trials within a Private Practice
Creators: name: Dohoo, Ian R.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Producers expect veterinary practitioners to be able to offer sound advice on the selection of prophylactic and therapeutic products for use in their herds. However, many of these products have never been thoroughly evaluated under field conditions. Even those that have been tested have often only been compared to no treatment at all, instead of against other available products. This leaves the practitioner with little information on which to base his/her recommendations.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
VLT: Vision-Language Transformer and Query Generation for Referring Segmentation
Creators: name: Ding, Henghui
name: Liu, Chang
name: Wang, Suchen
name: Jiang, Xudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a Vision-Language Transformer (VLT) framework for referring segmentation to facilitate deep interactions among multi-modal information and enhance the holistic understanding to vision-language features. There are different ways to understand the dynamic emphasis of a language expression, especially when interacting with the image. However, the learned queries in existing transformer works are fixed after training, which cannot cope with the randomness and huge diversity of the language expressions. To address this issue, we propose a Query Generation Module, which dynamically produces multiple sets of input-specific queries to represent the diverse comprehensions of language expression. To find the best among these diverse comprehensions, so as to generate a better mask, we propose a Query Balance Module to selectively fuse the corresponding responses of the set of queries. Furthermore, to enhance the model's ability in dealing with diverse language expressions, we consider inter-sample learning to explicitly endow the model with knowledge of understanding different language expressions to the same object. We introduce masked contrastive learning to narrow down the features of different expressions for the same target object while distinguishing the features of different objects. The proposed approach is lightweight and achieves new state-of-the-art referring segmentation results consistently on five datasets.
description: TPAMI
The Computerized Veterinary Practice
Creators: name: Glore, Reilly
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: This paper will discuss four main aspects of computers in veterinary practice. First we will explore some common principles and myths about computers in general. Then we will cover the practical issues that relate to computerizing a mixed veterinary practice, and discuss some specific comments on implementing computers into dairy production medicine aspects of your practice. We will finish with some practice tips about using, buying, and educating ourselves about computers.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Bovine Pneumonic Pasteurellosis
Creators: name: Wilkie, B. N.
name: Shewen, P. E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: The acknowledged efficacy of vaccination in preventing major infectious diseases is based upon obvious successes such as that against smallpox, which was declared eradicated in 1980 (24), or the Clostridium sp bacterin-toxoids which are used in man and animals. Expectations for vaccine usefulness are consequently high, but many diseases which are apparently amenable to vaccine-based control remain as significant sources of economic loss in the livestock industry. Failure to observe certain basic principles of vaccine design may have contributed to this. Vaccination is feasible and warranted if directed towards an economically important infectious disease of livestock which is caused by an identified infectious agent with known virulence-mediating determinants which induce protective immune response against a realistic challenge under usual husbandry conditions. The vaccination program must be cost-effective.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Advances in Viral Vaccine Technology
Creators: name: Babiuk, L. A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Although the era of vaccination has seen major advances in controlling many important diseases of man and animals, only one viral disease, small pox, has been eliminated globally. Other infectious diseases have proven more resilient to control and therefore, a need exists for the development of better, more effective vaccines. The advent of various genetic and biochemical techniques, combined with the understanding of microbial pathogenesis and host responses of these infections during the last decade has led to the emergence of a variety of new approaches to development of better vaccines, as well as potential methods of delivery of these vaccines. Based on these developments, an attempt will be made at summarizing some of the unique strategies that are being used to combat viral infections. Approaches used to develop synthetic peptide vaccines, recombinant hybrid vaccines, deletion mutants and subunit viral vaccines will be discussed. Furthermore, the advantages and limitations of these approaches will be addressed, as will some of the potential ways of overcoming these limitations.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Reducing the efficiency droop by lateral carrier confinement in InGaN/GaN quantum-well nanorods
Creators: name: Shi, Chentian
name: Zhang, Chunfeng
name: Yang, Fan
name: Park, Min Joo
name: Kwak, Joon Seop
name: Jung, Sukkoo
name: Choi, Yoon-Ho
name: Wang, Xiaoyong
name: Xiao, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficiency droop is a major obstacle facing high-power application of InGaN/GaN quantum-well (QW) light-emitting diodes. In this letter, we report the suppression of efficiency droop induced by density-activated defect recombination in nanorod structure of a-plane InGaN/GaN QWs. In the high carrier density regime, the retained emission efficiency in a dry-etched nanorod sample is observed to be over two times higher than that in its parent QW sample. We further argue that the improvement is a combined effect of the amendment contributed by lateral carrier confinement and the deterioration made by surface trapping.
description: 18 Pages,5 figures
TEC evidence for near-equatorial energy deposition by 30-keV electrons in the topside ionosphere
Creators: name: Suvorova, A. V.
name: Dmitriev, A. V.
name: Tsai, L. -C.
name: Kunitsyn, V. E.
name: Andreeva, E. S.
name: Nesterov, I. A.
name: Lazutin, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of energetic electrons (10 - 300 keV) by NOAA/POES and DMSP satellites at heights <1000 km during the period from 1999 to 2010 allowed finding abnormal intense fluxes of ~10^6 - 10^7 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 for quasi-trapped electrons appearing within the forbidden zone of low latitudes over the African, Indo-China, and Pacific regions. Extreme fluxes appeared often in the early morning and persisted for several hours during the maximum and recovery phase of geomagnetic storms. We analyzed nine storm-time events when extreme electron fluxes first appeared in the Eastern Hemisphere, then drifted further eastward toward the South-Atlantic Anomaly. Using the electron spectra, we estimated the possible ionization effect produced by quasi-trapped electrons in the topside ionosphere. The estimated ionization was found to be large enough to satisfy observed storm-time increases in the ionospheric total electron content determined for the same spatial and temporal ranges from global ionospheric maps. Additionally, extreme fluxes of quasi-trapped electrons were accompanied by the significant elevation of the low-latitude F-layer obtained from COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 radio occultation measurements. We suggest that the storm-time ExB drift of energetic electrons from the inner radiation belt is an important driver of positive ionospheric storms within low-latitude and equatorial regions.
description: 44 pages, 15 figures, JGR-accepted on 5 July 2013
On a certain family of inverse ternary cyclotomic polynomials
Creators: name: Bzdega, Bartlomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B83, 11C08

description: We study a family of inverse ternary cyclotomic polynomials $Ψ_{pqr}$ in which $r\leφ(pq)$ is a positive linear combination of $p$ and $q$. We derive a formula for the height of such polynomial and characterize all flat polynomials in this family.
description: 11 pages
Implementation of Production Medicine In Cow-Calf Operations
Creators: name: Hansen, Donald
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Let me begin by giving you some ideas that shaped my attitude and professional approach toward myself and my clients. The first one is "People are not wrong, just misinformed." This idea allows me to realize that most people really try to make "best" decisions in each area of their lives. They gather information from different sources, weigh it, sort it, and then move. It occurred to me that many of my clients made decisions that were counter productive because they were lacking key pieces of information and clear objectives and goals.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
On plastic deformation and fracture in Si films during electrochemical lithiation/delithiation cycling
Creators: name: Nadimpalli, Siva P. V.
name: Sethuraman, Vijay A.
name: Bucci, Giovanna
name: Srinivasan, Venkat
name: Bower, Allan F.
name: Guduru, Pradeep R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An in situ study of deformation, fracture, and fatigue behavior of silicon as a lithium-ion battery electrode material is presented. Thin films (100-200 nm) of silicon are cycled in a half-cell configuration with lithium metal foil as counter/reference electrode, with 1M lithium hexafluorophosphate in ethylene carbonate, diethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate solution (1:1:1, wt.%) as electrolyte. Stress evolution in the Si thin-film electrodes during electrochemical lithiation and delithiation is measured by monitoring the substrate curvature using the multi-beam optical sensing method. The stress measurements have been corrected for contributions from residual stress arising from sputter-deposition. An indirect method for estimating the potential errors due to formation of the solid-electrolyte-interphase layer and surface charge on the stress measurements was presented. The films undergo extensive inelastic deformation during lithiation and delithiation. The peak compressive stress during lithiation was 1.48 GPa. The stress data along with the electron microscopy observations are used to estimate an upper bound fracture resistance of lithiated Si, which is approximately 9-11 J/m^2. Fracture initiation and crack density evolution as a function of cycle number is also reported.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
Prospects for Constraining the Yukawa Gravity with Pulsars around Sagittarius A*
Creators: name: Dong, Yiming
name: Shao, Lijing
name: Hu, Zexin
name: Miao, Xueli
name: Wang, Ziming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of radio pulsars (PSRs) around the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in our Galactic Center (GC), Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), will have significant implications for tests of gravity. In this paper, we predict restrictions on the parameters of the Yukawa gravity by timing a pulsar around Sgr A* with a variety of orbital parameters. Based on a realistic timing accuracy of the times of arrival (TOAs), $σ_{\rm TOA}=100\,μ{\rm s}$, and using a number of 960 TOAs in a 20-yr observation, our numerical simulations show that the PSR-SMBH system will improve current tests of the Yukawa gravity when the range of the Yukawa interaction varies between $10^{1}$-$10^{4}\,{\rm AU}$, and it can limit the graviton mass to be $m_g \lesssim 10^{-24}\,{\rm eV}/c^2$.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures; accepted by JCAP
The Need for Organized Health Management Programs
Creators: name: Thiessen, Ed
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: In the first years when I came home we ran a cow-calf operation and fed out our own calves. It amounted to about 100-120 per year. We rarely talked to or used a veterinarian other than with the yard calving situation, pregnancy testing, and a little bit of advice about implanting. In fact I recall I had a sick calf in one of the first years I was home and I put it on the pickup truck and took it to the veterinary clinic. It was diagnosed as pneumonia and they gave it a shot and told me to treat it for two more days and I brought it hume. Our facilities were such I fed and watered that calf on the pickup truck for two days so I could treat it for two more days.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Ultrahigh thermoelectric performance of Janus α-STe2 and α-SeTe2 monolayers
Creators: name: Liu, Gang
name: Guo, Aiqing
name: Cao, Fengli
name: Ju, Weiwei
name: Wang, Zhaowu
name: Wang, Hui
name: Li, Guo-Ling
name: Gao, Zhibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combined with first-principles calculations and semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory, Janus α-STe2 and α-SeTe2 monolayers are investigated systematically. Janus α-STe2 and α-SeTe2 monolayers are indirect semiconductors with band gaps of 1.20 and 0.96 eV. It is found they possess ultrahigh figure of merit (ZT) values of 3.9 and 4.4 at 500 K, much higher than that of the pristine α-Te monolayer (2.8). The higher ZT originates from Janus structures reduce lattice thermal conductivities remarkably compared with pristine α-Te monolayer. The much higher phonon anharmonicity in Janus monolayers leads to significant lower lattice thermal conductivity. It is also found electronic thermal conductivity can play an important role in thermoelectric efficiency for the materials with quite low lattice thermal conductivity. This work suggests the potential applications of Janus α-STe2 and α-SeTe2 monolayers as thermoelectric materials and highlights Janus structure as an effective way to enhance thermoelectric performance.
Quark to $Λ$-hyperon spin transfers in the current-fragmentation region
Creators: name: Chi, Yujie
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a study on the struck quark to the $Λ$-hyperon fragmentation processes by taking into account the anti-quark fragmentations and intermediate decays from other hyperons. We concentrate on how the longitudinally polarized quark fragments to the longitudinally polarized $Λ$, how unpolarized quark and anti-quark fragment to the unpolarized $Λ$, and how quark and anti-quark fragment to the $Λ$ through the intermediate decay processes. We calculate the effective fragmentation functions in the light-cone SU(6) quark-spectator-diquark model via the Gribov-Lipatov relation, with the Melosh-Wigner rotation effect also included. The calculated results are in reasonable agreement with the HERMES semi-inclusive $ep$ experimental data and the OPAL and ALEPH $e^{+}e^{-}$ annihilation experimental data.
description: 14 latex pages, 8 figures. Final version for publication in PLB
A Study on the Impact of Actuarial Assessment Tools on Probation Practices in Ontario
Creators: name: Silva-Roy, Maria-Cleusa
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: Risk assessment
Actuarial assessment tools
Risk society
Probation
Governmentality

description: There has been a rising concern surrounding risk within society. This increasing concern has dominated almost all aspects of human life and more specifically the way in which citizens are governed. How risk is addressed in general has shifted significantly; given this, the criminal justice system has also seen an escalation in concerns surrounding risk. Subsequently, there has been a push towards evaluating said risks through the use of actuarial assessment tools. Research has shown that with the rising reliance on actuarial assessment tools came the decrease in practitioner’s ability to rely on their professional judgement when conducting their work. However, there has been a gap identified in the literature. This gap pertains to how practitioners, particularly, probation officers perceive the impact of these actuarial tools on their work. This study aims to analyse how probation officers, within the province of Ontario, view the impact of actuarial assessment tools on their work. This study is guided by the theory of governmentality, as coined by Michel Foucault. In order to explore the impact of actuarial assessment tools on the practice of probation, seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with former probation officers. The perceptions varied and participants did not provide a unique and monolithic response; rather, the voices of all participants were shared to create a larger picture of how actuarial assessment tools impact the work of practitioners in the practice of probation.
Twist free energy and critical behavior of 3D U(1) LGT at finite temperature
Creators: name: Borisenko, O.
name: Chelnokov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The twist free energy is computed in the Villain formulation of the 3D U(1) lattice gauge theory at finite temperature. This enables us to obtain renormalization group equations describing a critical behavior of the model in the vicinity of the deconfinement phase transition. These equations are used to check the validity of the Svetitsky-Yaffe conjecture regarding the critical behavior of the lattice U(1) model. In particular, we calculate the two-point correlation function of the Polyakov loops and determine some critical indices.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Implementation of a Feedlot Medicine Program
Creators: name: Jim, G. K.
name: Guichon, D. T.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: The word implementation is defined as "to put into effect: to carry out." The critical areas which must be considered in the implementation of a successful production medicine program include identification of appropriate clientele, acquisition of extensive industry knowledge, a fundamental change to the veterinary-client relationship, the establishment of a framework for program evaluation, and a well constructed action plan.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Topology and its detection in a dissipative Aharonov-Bohm chain
Creators: name: Li, Haowei
name: Yi, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent experiment, a dissipative Aharaonov-Bohm (AB) chain was implemented in the momentum space of a Bose-Einstein condensate. Formed by a series of dissipative AB rings threaded by synthetic magnetic flux, the chain exhibits the non-Hermitian skin effect, necessitating the non-Bloch band theory to account for its topology. In this work, we systematically characterize topological features of the dissipative AB chain, particularly beyond the experimentally realized parameter regime. Further, we show that an atom-injection spectroscopy is not only capable of revealing topological edge states, as has been demonstrated in the experiment, but also the general band structure of the system. We then discuss alternative dynamic detection schemes for the topological edge states. Given the generality of the model and the detection schemes, our work is helpful to future study of topological models with non-Hermitian skin effects across a variety of quantum simulators.
description: 8pages, 8figures, to appear in PRA
Randomized controlled trial of Family Nurture Intervention in the NICU: assessments of length of stay, feasibility and safety
Creators: name: Welch, Martha G.
name: Hofer, Myron A.
name: Stark, Raymond I.
name: Andrews, Howard F.
name: Austin, Judy
name: Glickstein, Sara B.
name: Ludwig, Robert J.
name: Myers, Michael M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Developmental psychology

description: Background: While survival rates for preterm infants have increased, the risk for adverse long-term neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes remains very high. In response to the need for novel, evidence-based interventions that prevent such outcomes, we have assessed Family Nurture Intervention (FNI), a novel dual mother-infant intervention implemented while the infant is in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Here, we report the first trial results, including the primary outcome measure, length of stay in the NICU and, the feasibility and safety of its implementation in a high acuity level IV NICU.
Methods: The FNI trial is a single center, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial at Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital for mothers and their singleton or twin infants of 26–34 weeks gestation. Families were randomized to standard care (SC) or (FNI). FNI was implemented by nurture specialists trained to facilitate affective communication between mother and infant during specified calming interactions. These interactions included scent cloth exchange, sustained touch, vocal soothing and eye contact, wrapped or skin-to-skin holding, plus family-based support interactions.
Results: A total of 826 infants born between 26 and 34 weeks during the 3.5 year study period were admitted to the NICU. After infant and mother screening plus exclusion due to circumstances that prevented the family from participating, 373 infants were eligible for the study. Of these, we were unable to schedule a consent meeting with 56, and consent was withheld by 165. Consent was obtained for 150 infants from 115 families. The infants were block randomized to groups of N = 78, FNI and N = 72, SC. Sixteen (9.6%) of the randomized infants did not complete the study to home discharge, 7% of those randomized to SC and 12% of FNI infants. Mothers in the intervention group engaged in 3 to 4 facilitated one- to two-hour sessions/week. Intent to treat analyses revealed no significant difference between groups in medical complications. The mean length of stay was not significantly affected by the intervention.
Conclusion: There was no significant effect demonstrated with this intervention amount on the primary short-term outcome, length of stay. FNI can be safely and feasibly implemented within a level IV NICU.
Hydroxide-based magneto-ionics: electric-field control of reversible paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic switch in $α$-Co(OH)$_{2}$ films
Creators: name: Quintana, Alberto
name: Firme, Abigail A.
name: Jensen, Christopher J.
name: Zheng, Dongxing
name: Liu, Chen
name: Zhang, Xixiang
name: Liu, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magneto-ionics has emerged as a promising approach to manipulate magnetic properties, not only by drastically reducing power consumption associated with electric current based devices but also by enabling novel functionalities. To date, magneto-ionics have been mostly explored in oxygen-based systems, while there is a surge of interests in alternative ionic systems. Here we demonstrate highly effective hydroxide-based magneto-ionics in electrodeposited $α$-Co(OH)$_{2}$ films. The $α$-Co(OH)$_{2}$, which is a room temperature paramagnet, is switched to ferromagnetic after electrolyte gating with a negative voltage. The system is fully, magnetically reversible upon positive voltage application. The origin of the reversible paramagnetic-to-ferromagnetic transition is attributed to the ionic diffusion of hydroxyl groups, promoting the formation of metallic cobalt ferromagnetic regions. Our findings demonstrate one of the lowest turn-on voltages reported for propylene carbonate gated experiments. By tuning the voltage magnitude and sample area we demonstrate that the speed of the induced ionic effect can be drastically enhanced.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary Information: 6 pages with 3 figures
Well-posedness of Non-autonomous Evolutionary Inclusions
Creators: name: Trostorff, Sascha
name: Wehowski, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34G25, 35F60, 37B55, 46N20

description: A class of non-autonomous differential inclusions in a Hilbert space setting is considered. The well-posedness for this class is shown by establishing the mappings involved as maximal monotone relations. Moreover, the causality of the so established solution operator is addressed. The results are exemplified by the equations of thermoplasticity with time dependent coefficients and by a non-autonomous version of the equations of viscoplasticity with internal variables.
The Implementation Process of Production Medicine Programs
Creators: name: Jordan, Timothy
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: Even the best thought out and well designed herd health program is destined for failure unless the client can understand and implement the structure of the program. The reasons for failure of implementation are many and the exact causes of misunderstanding are numerous. Many times the blame for failure to achieve positive results is placed on a "communication problem." It should be concluded when the blame is placed on communication that what is really being said is that somewhere along the line there was a failure to talk or a failure to listen or any combination of the two. It can be seen that the reasons for implementation or non-implementation are much more broad than might be thought.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
The quantum character of the Scalar Field Dark Matter
Creators: name: Matos, Tonatiuh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Scalar Field Dark Matter (SFDM) model, also called Fuzzy, Wave, Bose-Einstein, Ultra-light Dark Matter, has received a lot of attention because it has been able to provide simpler and more natural explanations for various features of galaxies, such as the number of satellite galaxies and the cusp-core problem. We recently showed that this model is able to explain the vast polar orbits of satellite galaxies around their host, the so-called VPO, and to explain the X-ray and gamma-ray emissions in the vacuum regions of our galaxy, that is, the Fermi Bubbles. In all these phenomena the quantum character of SFDM has been crucial. In this work we study the quantum effects of SFDM at the cosmological level, to see these effects not only at the galactic scale, but also at the cosmological scale. Using a convenient ansatz, we were able to integrate the perturbed equations to show that the shape of the SFDM halos resembling atoms is a generic result. The main conclusion of this work is that quantum mechanics, the successful microworld theory, could also explain the dark side of the cosmos.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, this version matches the version published in MNRAS (2022)
Planetary Populations in the Mass-Period Diagram: A Statistical Treatment of Exoplanet Formation and the Role of Planet Traps
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Yasuhiro
name: Pudritz, Ralph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid growth in the number of known exoplanets has revealed the existence of several distinct planetary populations in the observed mass-period diagram. Two of the most surprising are, (1) the concentration of gas giants around 1AU and (2) the accumulation of a large number of low-mass planets with tight orbits, also known as super-Earths and hot Neptunes. We have recently shown that protoplanetary disks have multiple planet traps that are characterized by orbital radii in the disks and halt rapid type I planetary migration. By coupling planet traps with the standard core accretion scenario, we showed that one can account for the positions of planets in the mass-period diagram. In this paper, we demonstrate quantitatively that most gas giants formed at planet traps tend to end up around 1 AU with most of these being contributed by dead zones and ice lines. In addition, we show that a large fraction of super-Earths and hot Neptunes are formed as "failed" cores of gas giants - this population being constituted by comparable contributions from dead zone and heat transition traps. Our results are based on the evolution of forming planets in an ensemble of disks where we vary only the lifetimes of disks as well as their mass accretion rates onto the host star. We show that a statistical treatment of the evolution of a large population of planetary cores initially caught in planet traps accounts for the existence of three distinct exoplantary populations - the hot Jupiters, the more massive planets at roughly orbital radii around 1 AU orbital, and the short period SuperEarths and hot Neptunes. There are very few evolutionary tracks that feed into the large orbital radii characteristic of the imaged Jovian planet, which agrees with recent surveys. Finally, we find that low-mass planets in tight orbits become the dominant planetary population for low mass stars ($M_* \le 0.7 M_{\odot}$).
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 9 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Achieving synchronization in arrays of coupled differential systems with time-varying couplings
Creators: name: Yi, Xinlei
name: Lu, Wenlian
name: Chen, Tianping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study complete synchronization of the complex dynamical networks described by linearly coupled ordinary differential equation systems (LCODEs). The coupling considered here is time-varying in both the network structure and the reaction dynamics. Inspired by our previous paper [6], the extended Hajnal diameter is introduced and used to measure the synchronization in a general differential system. Then we find that the Hajnal diameter of the linear system induced by the time-varying coupling matrix and the largest Lyapunov exponent of the synchronized system play the key roles in synchronization analysis of LCODEs with the identity inner coupling matrix. As an application, we obtain a general sufficient condition guaranteeing directed time-varying graph to reach consensus. Example with numerical simulation is provided to show the effectiveness the theoretical results.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Principles of Implementing and Marketing Bovine Health Management Programs
Creators: name: Ribble, Carl S.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: The serious interest now being taken by the veterinary profession in implementing and promoting health management programs is very encouraging. Theodore Levitt has suggested that there is no such thing as a growth industry, and, " ...industries that assume themselves to be riding some automatic growth escalator invariably descend into stagnation. There are only companies organized and operated to create and capitalize on growth opportunities. The history of every dead and dying "growth" industry shows a self-deceiving cycle of bountiful expansion and undetected decay."1 We should not be surprised, therefore, that the "escalator" of traditional bovine medicine is moving downwards. A shrinking agricultural dollar, expanding veterinary schools, increasing competition for clients from non veterinary sources, changing market conditions, and increased costs of doing business have markedly reduced the growth potential of traditional veterinary medicine.2 This 1988 convention of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners, with its emphasis on health management programs and methods of improving how we do business, is a strong indication that we are preparing to create and capitalize on growth opportunities!
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
Genome-wide and candidate gene association studies of placental abruption
Creators: name: Workalemahu, Tsegaselassie
name: Enquobahrie, Daniel A.
name: Moore, Amy
name: Sanchez, Sixto E.
name: Ananth, Cande V.
name: Pacora, Percy N.
name: Liang, Liming
name: Salazar, Manuel
name: Williams, Michelle A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Obstetrics
subject: Gynecology

description: Placental abruption (PA), a pregnancy-related vascular disorder, is a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The success of identifying genetic susceptibility loci for PA, a multi-factorial heritable disorder, has been limited. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and candidate gene association study using 470 PA cases and 473 controls from Lima, Peru. Genotyping for common genetic variations (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) was conducted using the Illumina Cardio-Metabo Chip platform. Common variations in 35 genes that participate in mitochondrial biogenesis (MB) and oxidative phosphorylation (OS) were selected for the candidate gene study. Regression models were fit to examine associations of each SNP with risk of PA. In pathway analyses, we examined functions and functional relationships of genes represented by the top GWAS hits. Genetic risk scores (GRS), based on top hits of the GWAS and candidate gene analyses, respectively, were computed using the risk allele counting method. The top hit in the GWAS analyses was rs1238566 (empirical P-value=1.04e-4 and FDR-adjusted P-value=5.65E-04) in FLI-1 gene, a megakaryocyte-specific transcription factor. Networks of genes involved in lipid metabolism and cell signaling were significantly enriched by the 51 genes whose SNPs were among the top 200 GWAS hits. SNPs known to regulate MB (e.g. CAMK2B, NR1H3, PPARG, PRKCA, and THRB) and OP (e.g., COX5A, and NDUF family of genes) were associated with PA risk. GRS was significantly associated with PA risk. Our study suggests that integrating multiple analytical strategies in genetic association studies can provide opportunities for identifying genetic risk factors and novel molecular mechanisms that underlie PA.
Marketing Opportunities for the Food Animal Practice
Creators: name: Gavzer, Karyn
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1988

description: It may seem a little unusual to you to listen to a nonveterinarian speak at a bovine conference, but if anything, it is a little intimidating for me. I can't help but wonder if you aren't sitting there wondering what a "city girl" marketing director like me could possibly have to say that might interest you. I know if our roles were reversed, and I was sitting where you are, I'd have a few things to wonder about! First of all, I want to reassure you that it is not just me. I'm just the lucky person the AABP invited out to talk to you about food animal marketing. What I share with you is the consensus of economic and veterinary experts throughout the country and the findings of AVMA's US Market For Food Animal Veterinarian Medical Society' study. I also bring to you over 16 years experience in marketing, much of which was spent in healthcare marketing. I am Director of Marketing at AVMA. I have been with AVMA for almost two years and in that time I have developed and presented two different marketing clinics for them: one for food animal practitioners and one for companion animal practitioners. The talk you are about to hear today is actually an except from the food animal marketing program; but before I get into that, I'd like to address some of the common misunderstandings and misconceptions many veterinarians hold about marketing.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1988
A Biomimetic Microfluidic Tumor Microenvironment Platform Mimicking the EPR Effect for Rapid Screening of Drug Delivery Systems
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biomimetics
Cell Communication
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Movement
Coculture Techniques
Drug Carriers
Drug Delivery Systems
Endothelial Cells
Fluorescent Antibody Technique
Humans
Intercellular Junctions
Liposomes
Microfluidics
Neoplasm Metastasis
Neoplasms
Permeability
Tumor Microenvironment

description: © 2017 The Author(s). Real-time monitoring of tumor drug delivery in vivo is a daunting challenge due to the heterogeneity and complexity of the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we developed a biomimetic microfluidic tumor microenvironment (bMTM) comprising co-culture of tumor and endothelial cells in a 3D environment. The platform consists of a vascular compartment featuring a network of vessels cultured with endothelial cells forming a complete lumen under shear flow in communication with 3D solid tumors cultured in a tumor compartment. Endothelial cell permeability to both small dye molecules and large liposomal drug carriers were quantified using fluorescence microscopy. Endothelial cell intercellular junction formation was characterized by immunostaining. Endothelial cell permeability significantly increased in the presence of either tumor cell conditioned media (TCM) or tumor cells. The magnitude of this increase in permeability was significantly higher in the presence of metastatic breast tumor cells as compared to non-metastatic ones. Immunostaining revealed impaired endothelial cell-cell junctions in the presence of either metastatic TCM or metastatic tumor cells. Our findings indicate that the bMTM platform mimics the tumor microenvironment including the EPR effect. This platform has a significant potential in applications such as cell-cell/cell-drug carrier interaction studies and rapid screening of cancer drug therapeutics/carriers.
Economic burden of inpatient and outpatient antibiotic treatment for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus complicated skin and soft-tissue infections
Creators: name: Stephens, Jennifer M.
name: Gao, Xin
name: Patel, Dipen A.
name: Verheggen, Bram G.
name: Shelbaya, Ahmed
name: Haider, Seema
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Epidemiology
Public health

description: Previous economic analyses evaluating treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTI) failed to include all direct treatment costs such as outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT). Our objective was to develop an economic model from a US payer perspective that includes all direct inpatient and outpatient costs incurred by patients with MRSA cSSTI receiving linezolid, vancomycin, or daptomycin. A 4-week decision model was developed for this economic analysis. Published literature and database analyses with validation by experts provided clinical, resource use, and cost inputs on data such as efficacy rate, length of stay, adverse events, and OPAT services. Base-case analysis assumed equal efficacy and equal length of stay for treatments. We conducted several sensitivity analyses where assumptions on resource use or efficacy were varied. Costs were reported in year-end 2011 US dollars. Total treatment costs in the base-case were lower for linezolid ($10,571) than vancomycin ($11,096), and daptomycin ($13,612). Inpatient treatment costs were $740 more, but outpatient costs, $1,266 less with linezolid than vancomycin therapy due to a switch to oral linezolid when the patient was discharged. Compared with daptomycin, both inpatient and outpatient treatment costs were lower with linezolid by $87 and $2,954 respectively. In sensitivity analyses, linezolid had lower costs compared with vancomycin and daptomycin when using differential length of stay data from a clinical trial, and using success rates from a meta-analysis. In a scenario without peripherally inserted central catheter line costs, linezolid became slightly more expensive than vancomycin (by $285), but remained less costly than daptomycin (by $2,316). Outpatient costs of managing MRSA cSSTI may be reduced by 30%–50% with oral linezolid compared with vancomycin or daptomycin. Results from this analysis support potential economic benefit and cost savings of using linezolid versus traditional OPAT when total inpatient and outpatient medical costs are evaluated.
Quality over Quantity: Optimizing pulsar timing array analysis for stochastic and continuous gravitational wave signals
Creators: name: Speri, Lorenzo
name: Porayko, Nataliya K.
name: Falxa, Mikel
name: Chen, Siyuan
name: Gair, Jonathan R.
name: Sesana, Alberto
name: Taylor, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for gravitational waves using Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) is a computationally expensive complex analysis that involves source-specific noise studies. As more pulsars are added to the arrays, this stage of PTA analysis will become increasingly challenging. Therefore, optimizing the number of included pulsars is crucial to reduce the computational burden of data analysis. Here, we present a suite of methods to rank pulsars for use within the scope of PTA analysis. First, we use the maximization of the signal-to-noise ratio as a proxy to select pulsars. With this method, we target the detection of stochastic and continuous gravitational wave signals. Next, we present a ranking that minimizes the coupling between spatial correlation signatures, namely monopolar, dipolar, and Hellings & Downs correlations. Finally, we also explore how to combine these two methods. We test these approaches against mock data using frequentist and Bayesian hypothesis testing. For equal-noise pulsars, we find that an optimal selection leads to an increase in the log-Bayes factor two times steeper than a random selection for the hypothesis test of a gravitational wave background versus a common uncorrelated red noise process. For the same test but for a realistic EPTA dataset, a subset of 25 pulsars selected out of 40 can provide a log-likelihood ratio that is $89\%$ of the total, implying that an optimally selected subset of pulsars can yield results comparable to those obtained from the whole array. We expect these selection methods to play a crucial role in future PTA data combinations.