cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Food Insecurity, Food Storage, and Obesity
Creators: name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Zilberman, David
name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Although individuals with poor food security might be expected to have reduced food intake, and therefore a lower likelihood of being overweight, some empirical evidence has indicated that overweight status is actually more prevalent among the food insecure. As obesity is associated with excessive energy intake, and hunger reflects an inadequate food supply, such observations would appear to be paradoxical. We develop an economic model that shows that this apparently paradoxical result is consistent with rational behavior regarding food availability risk and the effectiveness of food storage options. The amount of internal storage increases as the variance of food productivity in the second period increases, which is consistent with the empirical observation of a positive relationship between food insecurity and the incidence of overweight.
Tree-level splitting amplitudes for a gluon into four collinear partons
Creators: name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Duhr, Claude
name: Haindl, Rayan
name: Lazopoulos, Achilleas
name: Michel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute in conventional dimensional regularisation the tree-level splitting amplitudes for a gluon parent which splits into four collinear partons. This is part of the universal infrared behaviour of the QCD scattering amplitudes at next- to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N$^3$LO) in the strong coupling constant. Combined with our earlier results for a quark parent, this completes the set of tree-level splitting amplitudes required at this order. We also study iterated collinear limits where a subset of the four collinear partons become themselves collinear.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1912.06425
Additional file 1 of Exploring population pharmacokinetic models in patients treated with vancomycin during continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration (CVVHDF)
Creators: name: Kirwan, Marcus
name: Munshi, Reema
name: O’Keeffe, Hannah
name: Judge, Conor
name: Coyle, Mary
name: Deasy, Evelyn
name: Kelly, Yvelynne P.
name: Lavin, Peter J.
name: Donnelly, Maria
name: D’Arcy, Deirdre M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table S1: Format of covariate analyses. Supplemental Table S2: Model comparison metrics from the base model, examples of “best” models (Qeff and flux as clearance covariates) and from model inclusion of Qb as covariate for clearance. Supplemental Figure S1: PTA plot for AUC of vancomycin at 24-48 hours of treatment. Supplemental Figure S2: PTA plots for peak vancomycin levels relating to the 36h dose, at A) 38h for the regimens with 500 mg and 750 mg 36h dose and B) at 39h for the regimen with 1500 mg given at 36h. “Success” reflects attainment of the relevant peak concentration at 38h, in this case considered to be a metric of toxicity if > 40 mg/L.
Additional file 4 of The association between nutrient intake, nutritional status and physical function of community-dwelling ethnically diverse older adults
Creators: name: Asamane, Evans A.
name: Greig, Carolyn A.
name: Thompson, Janice L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 4 Differences in micronutrient intakes with and without supplementation at follow-up (n = 81).
No Paradox in Wave-Particle Duality
Creators: name: Knight, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The assertion that an experiment by Afshar et al. demonstrates violation of Bohr's Principle of Complementarity is based on the faulty assumption that which-way information in a double-slit interference experiment can be retroactively determined from a future measurement.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
On some classes of lazy cocycles and categorical structures
Creators: name: Panaite, Florin
name: Staic, Mihai D.
name: Van Oystaeyen, Freddy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study some classes of lazy cocycles, called pure (respectively neat), together with their categorical counterparts, entwined (respectively strongly entwined) monoidal categories.
description: Final version; 18 pages; the title has been changed; the order of the sections has been changed; some things have been removed and appear now in arXiv:0801.2055
Quantum relaxation in a system of harmonic oscillators with time-dependent coupling
Creators: name: Lustosa, F. B.
name: Colin, S.
name: Bergliaffa, S. E. Perez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the de Broglie-Bohm pilot wave theory, numerical simulations for simple systems have shown that states that are initially out of quantum equilibrium - thus violating the Born rule - usually relax over time to the expected $|ψ|^2$ distribution on a coarse-grained level. We analyze the relaxation of nonequilibrium initial distributions for a system of coupled one-dimensional harmonic oscillators in which the coupling depends explicitly on time through numerical simulations, focusing in the influence of different parameters such as the number of modes, the coarse-graining length and the coupling constant. We show that in general the system studied here tends to equilibrium, but the relaxation can be retarded depending on the values of the parameters, particularly to the one related to the strength of the interaction. Possible implications on the detection of relic nonequilibrium systems are discussed.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
title: Envisioning ʻĀina Momona
Creators: name: Gili, Maria Priscila Eliza Ivoeney Dhenge
name: Handa, Radhika
name: Hutka, Alana
name: Lim, Daniel
name: Walker, Johanna
name: Younas, Arslan
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Land Back
subject: Food Sovereignty
subject: Landscape Design
subject: Natural Resources and Environment
subject: Science

description: Molokai stands on the cusp of significant change, driven by Indigenous-led efforts for land back and food sovereignty. This capstone report reflects the work of six graduate students who collaborated with Sustʻāinable Molokai, a nonprofit organization on Molokai, Hawaiʻi, as part of a partnership with the School for Environment and Sustainability at the University of Michigan. Molokai is the fifth-largest island in the Hawaiian archipelago and is often referred to as the last Hawaiian island due to its predominantly Kānaka Maoli (Native Hawaiian) population. Sustʻāinable Molokai aims to restore ʻāina momona, or the island’s historical abundance of natural resources. In support of their mission, our team contributed to two core initiatives centered around land back and food sovereignty. The first initiative, entitled Land Back Initiative, involved a meta-analysis of community-generated land use planning documents and analyzing 16 land back case studies from across the world, with the majority coming from the United States. For the meta-analysis, we compiled and analyzed 34 planning documents from the past 50 years, categorizing typologies such as economic development, ecological restoration, infrastructure projects, and more. For the case studies, we created a comprehensive spreadsheet with summaries of previous land use planning and a slide deck with case study summaries to inform and support future land back acquisition and activation. The second initiative, entitled Food Sovereignty Initiative, focused on planning and establishing a food resilience center on Molokai called ʻUmeke ʻAi O Molokai (“Food Bowl of Molokai”; abbreviated as ʻUmeke ʻAi) to enhance food security and promote sovereignty by revitalizing traditional foodways. In planning for this, we wrote a community needs assessment, evaluated nine potential sites, and developed a conceptual landscape design. From our analysis, we chose one site to recommend as most suitable for the creation of the food resilience center. Finally, we created conceptual landscape designs in a kit of parts format that could be used flexibly to fit the conditions of the final site. This report details the contributions of our team for each initiative, and we hope it continues to support Sustʻāinable Molokai’s work moving forward.
On Action Invariance under Linear Spinor-Vector Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Shima, Kazunari
name: Tsuda, Motomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show explicitly that a free Lagrangian expressed in terms of scalar, spinor, vector and Rarita-Schwinger (RS) fields is invariant under linear supersymmetry transformations generated by a global spinor-vector parameter. A (generalized) gauge invariance of the Lagrangian for the RS field is also discussed.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Impacts of U.S. Sugar Policy and the North American Free Trade Agreement in North American Sugar Containing Products
Creators: name: Pruitt, J. Ross
name: Tilley, Daniel S.
name: Pruitt, J. Ross
name: Tilley, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Sugar is one of the most protected agricultural commodities in the United States and other countries around the world through the use of production allotments, preferential marketing agreements, and tariffs. These protectionist measures lead to increased input costs for manufacturers of candies and soft drinks. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) has in part altered the nature of sugar trade throughout the North American continent. This paper presents a game theoretical Cournot model which illustrates how trade in sugar containing products and the location of sugar containing product manufacturers in North America is likely to be impacted by the combined effects of U.S. sugar policy and NAFTA. Current international agreements which affect sugar confectioners are incorporated in the Cournot model such as NAFTA along with U.S. and Mexican re-export programs. Preliminary results indicate that domestic firms are at a cost disadvantage to firms that export into the domestic market due to current international agreements and domestic policy. Furthermore, due to the nature of policy in Canada, Mexico and the U.S., firms are implicitly given an incentive to locate in another country and export to Mexico or the U.S. The nature of current policy affects the amount of sugar trade between North American countries as firms seek to gain an advantage in the cost of inputs as well as the volume of finished goods traded between countries.
On dual control and adaptive Kalman filtering with applications in the pulp and paper industry
Creators: name: Ismail, Ahmed Abdel-Rahman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis is about dual control of time-varying stochastic processes in the pulp and paper industry with parameter estimation carried out via adaptive Kalman filtering. It can be divided into three parts. The first part deals with the control of a chip refiner to produce wood pulp, where the process gain between the refiner motor load and the plate gap is both nonlinear and time-varying, with reversal in the sign of the gain indicating the onset of pulp pad collapse. The control objective is to regulate the motor load while avoiding pad collapse. The problem is principally stochastic in nature, since the gap at which gain reversal occurs can wander unpredictably. The proposed control strategy consists of an active suboptimal dual controller coupled with an adaptive Kalman filter for parameter estimation. The controller minimizes a nonlinear performance index designed especially to reflect the peculiarities of the process. Thus, no heuristic logic is needed. Simulations show the superior performance offered by this strategy. The second part is concerned with C D coat weight control on bent blade coaters. The coater is a coupled multivariable process whose gain drifts over time and often switches sign. Current industrial practice is to switch off automatic control when the loop becomes unstable due to gain sign reversal. Because of this, the standard industrial controller is rarely on for more than half of the blade life. The proposed control strategy relies on the general framework introduced for the chip refiner problem. The controller takes into consideration the loading and bending limitations imposed by the actuators and the blade. An approximate analytical control law was derived to allow for easy implementation. The proposed strategy was successfully applied to an off-machine industrial coater. The results of a series of trials show the advantage of including probing in the control signal, and that the adaptive Kalman filter was capable of tracking gain variations. The dual controller yielded substantial quality improvement and was able to control the process throughout the entire blade life. The developed strategy was well accepted by the company. The adaptive Kalman filter used for both applications had the disadvantage that one has to wait for some time before starting to use the noise variance estimates for parameter estimation. In the third part, a novel adaptive Kalman filtering scheme is derived to resolve this problem. This scheme is based on the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. It uses a number of fixed-point smoothers running in parallel to on-line estimate the variances of the process and measurement noise for a general linear, discrete, time-varying stochastic system. This approach implies that the estimates are used in the Kalman filter. The approach is evaluated through a number of simulation experiments.
Additional file 2 of Orchestration of signaling by structural disorder in class 1 cytokine receptors
Creators: name: Seiffert, Pernille
name: Bugge, Katrine
name: Nygaard, Mads
name: Haxholm, Gitte W.
name: Martinsen, Jacob H.
name: Pedersen, Martin N.
name: Arleth, Lise
name: Boomsma, Wouter
name: Kragelund, Birthe B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1: Disorder prediction for group 2, group 3, group 4 and group 5 C1CRs, but not the three common receptors. Figure S2: Disorder prediction for PRLR isoforms. Figure S3: Fractional differences in composition between the different C1CR-ICD groups or a set of IDPs, and a set of folded proteins calculated for each amino acid type. Figure S4: Sequence logos for Box1 shown for group 2, group 3, group 4 and group 5. Figure S5: R1 and R2 relaxation rates for PRLR-SF1b-ICD. FigureS6: Small-angle X-ray diffraction analyses of GHR-LF-ICD. Table S1: Proline cis-trans populations in PRLR-LF-ICD and PRLR-SF1b-ICD. Table S2: Overview of SLiMs lost and gained in C1CRs isoforms with unique sequences. Supplemental data: Interpretation of the diagram of states and conformational properties.
A new class of Roche lobe-filling hot subdwarf binaries
Creators: name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Bauer, Evan B.
name: Burdge, Kevin B.
name: van Roestel, Jan
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Fuller, Jim
name: Hermes, JJ
name: Marsh, Thomas R.
name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
name: Phinney, E. S.
name: Prince, Thomas A.
name: Szkody, Paula
name: Yao, Yuhan
name: Irrgang, Andreas
name: Heber, Ulrich
name: Schneider, David
name: Dhillon, Vik S.
name: Murawski, Gabriel
name: Drake, Andrew J.
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Feeney, Michael
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Mahabal, A. A.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Porter, Michael
name: Reiley, Dan
name: Rodriguez, Hector
name: Rusholme, Ben
name: Shupe, David L.
name: Soumagnac, Maayane T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of the second binary with a Roche lobe-filling hot subdwarf transferring mass to a white dwarf (WD) companion. This 56 minute binary was discovered using data from the Zwicky Transient Facility. Spectroscopic observations reveal an He-sdOB star with an effective temperature of $T_{\rm eff}=33,700\pm1000$ K and a surface gravity of $log(g)=5.54\pm0.11$. The GTC+HiPERCAM light curve is dominated by the ellipsoidal deformation of the He-sdOB star and shows an eclipse of the He-sdOB by an accretion disk as well as a weak eclipse of the WD. We infer a He-sdOB mass of $M_{\rm sdOB}=0.41\pm0.04$ M$_\odot$ and a WD mass of $M_{\rm WD}=0.68\pm0.05$ M$_\odot$. The weak eclipses imply a WD black-body temperature of $63,000\pm10,000$ K and a radius $R_{\rm WD}=0.0148\pm0.0020$ M$_\odot$ as expected for a WD of such high temperature. The He-sdOB star is likely undergoing hydrogen shell burning and will continue transferring mass for $\approx1$ Myrs at a rate of $10^{-9} M_\odot {\rm yr}^{-1}$ which is consistent with the high WD temperature. The hot subdwarf will then turn into a WD and the system will merge in $\approx30$ Myrs. We suggest that Galactic reddening could bias discoveries towards preferentially finding Roche lobe-filling systems during the short-lived shell burning phase. Studies using reddening corrected samples should reveal a large population of helium core-burning hot subdwarfs with $T_{\rm eff}\approx25,000$ K in binaries of 60-90 minutes with WDs. Though not yet in contact, these binaries would eventually come into contact through gravitational wave emission and explode as a sub-luminous thermonuclear supernova or evolve into a massive single WD.
description: accepted for publication in ApJL, 11 pages, 5 figures and 1 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2002.01485
What entropy at the edge of chaos?
Creators: name: Lissia, Marcello
name: Coraddu, Massimo
name: Tonelli, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical experiments support the interesting conjecture that statistical methods be applicable not only to fully-chaotic systems, but also at the edge of chaos by using Tsallis' generalizations of the standard exponential and entropy. In particular, the entropy increases linearly and the sensitivity to initial conditions grows as a generalized exponential. We show that this conjecture has actually a broader validity by using a large class of deformed entropies and exponentials and the logistic map as test cases.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, uses ws-procs975x65.cls. Proceedings of the Workshop "Complexity, Metastability and Nonextensivity" held in Erice 20-26 July 2004. New version: minor changes (one reference added, typos corrected, positions of figures changed, some comments added)
Additional file 1 of Surface EMG-based quantification of inspiratory effort: a quantitative comparison with Pes
Creators: name: Graßhoff, Jan
name: Petersen, Eike
name: Farquharson, Franziska
name: Kustermann, Max
name: Kabitz, Hans-Joachim
name: Rostalski, Philipp
name: Walterspacher, Stephan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Signal processing details: filtering of esophageal and gastric pressures, determination of chest wall elastance, automatic detection of efforts and sEMG offset correction.
Are pathologist-defined labels reproducible? Comparison of the TUPAC16 mitotic figure dataset with an alternative set of labels
Creators: name: Bertram, Christof A.
name: Veta, Mitko
name: Marzahl, Christian
name: Stathonikos, Nikolas
name: Maier, Andreas
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Aubreville, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Pathologist-defined labels are the gold standard for histopathological data sets, regardless of well-known limitations in consistency for some tasks. To date, some datasets on mitotic figures are available and were used for development of promising deep learning-based algorithms. In order to assess robustness of those algorithms and reproducibility of their methods it is necessary to test on several independent datasets. The influence of different labeling methods of these available datasets is currently unknown. To tackle this, we present an alternative set of labels for the images of the auxiliary mitosis dataset of the TUPAC16 challenge. Additional to manual mitotic figure screening, we used a novel, algorithm-aided labeling process, that allowed to minimize the risk of missing rare mitotic figures in the images. All potential mitotic figures were independently assessed by two pathologists. The novel, publicly available set of labels contains 1,999 mitotic figures (+28.80%) and additionally includes 10,483 labels of cells with high similarities to mitotic figures (hard examples). We found significant difference comparing F_1 scores between the original label set (0.549) and the new alternative label set (0.735) using a standard deep learning object detection architecture. The models trained on the alternative set showed higher overall confidence values, suggesting a higher overall label consistency. Findings of the present study show that pathologists-defined labels may vary significantly resulting in notable difference in the model performance. Comparison of deep learning-based algorithms between independent datasets with different labeling methods should be done with caution.
description: 10 pages, submitted to LABELS@MICCAI 2020
Additional file 1 of Street research market: dealing with scientific misconduct in Iran
Creators: name: Sadeghi-Bazargani, Homayoun
name: Nikniaz, Leila
name: Nodeh, Hamid Reza Yousefi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. The interview guide. Supplementary material, doc.
Productivity and Efficiency of Small and Large Farms in Moldova
Creators: name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Sutton, William R.
name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Sutton, William R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The paper presents a comparative analysis of the productivity of small and large farms in Moldova based primarily on cross-section data from three farm surveys conducted by the World Bank and USAID in 2000 and 2003. The survey data are supplemented where feasible with time series from official national-level statistics. We calculate partial land and labor productivity, total factor productivity, and technical efficiency scores (using Stochastic Frontier and Data Envelopment Analysis algorithms) for the two categories of small individual farms and large corporate farms. Our results demonstrate with considerable confidence that small individual farms in Moldova are more productive and more efficient than large corporate farms. This finding is not restricted to Moldova, as a similar result has been obtained by other authors in Russia (2005) and in the U.S. (2002), where a recent study has found that an increase of farm size reduces, rather than increases, agricultural productivity. Policies encouraging a shift from large corporate farms to smaller individual farms, rather than the reverse, can be expected to produce beneficial results for Moldovan agriculture and the economy in general. The government of Moldova should abandon its inherited preference for large-scale corporate farms and concentrate on policies to improve the operating conditions for small individual farms. At the very least, the government should ensure a level playing field for farms of all sizes and organizational forms, and desist from biasing its policies in favor of large farms.
Complexity and intelligence
Creators: name: Parisi, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper I will discuss the properties of the Algorithmic Complexity, presenting the most relevant properties. The related concept of logical depth is also introduced. These properties will be used to study the problem of learning from example, paying a special attention to machine learning. We introduce the propensity of a machine to learn a rule and we use it define the intelligence of a machine.
description: 13 pages
Forgotten treasures in the HST/FOC UV imaging polarimetric archives of active galactic nuclei III. Five years monitoring of M87
Creators: name: Marin, F.
name: Barnouin, T.
name: Wu, K.
name: Lopez-Rodriguez, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2.3; J.2.9
subject: 85-06

description: The active galactic nucleus (AGN) within M87, a giant elliptical galaxy, is responsible for one of the closest kiloparsec-scale relativistic jet to Earth. We unearthed unpublished M87 polarization maps taken with the Faint Object Camera (FOC) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), obtained between 1995 and 1999. At a rate of one observation per year, we can follow the evolution of the polarized flux knots in the jet. We can thus constrain the time scale of variation of the magnetic field up to a spatial resolution of one tenth of an arcsecond (11.5 pc). After coherently reducing the five observations using the same methodology presented in the first paper of this series, the analysis of polarized maps from POS 1 (base of the jet) and POS 3 (end of the jet) reveals significant temporal and spatial dynamics in the jet's magnetic fields morphology. Despite minimal changes in overall intensity structure, notable fluctuations in polarization degrees and angles are detected across various knots and inter-knot regions. In addition, the emission and polarization characteristics of M87's jet differ significantly between POS1 and POS3. POS1 shows a more collimated jet with strong variability in polarization, while POS3 reveals a thicker structure, a quasi-absence of variability and complex magnetic field interactions. This suggests that the jet may have co-axial structures with distinct kinetic properties. Theoretical models like the jet-in-jet scenario, featuring double helical magnetic flux ropes, help explain these observations, indicating a strong density contrast and higher speeds in the inner jet.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Colloidal Jamming at Interfaces: a Route to Fluid-bicontinuous Gels
Creators: name: Stratford, K.
name: Adhikari, R.
name: Pagonabarraga, I.
name: Desplat, J. -C.
name: Cates, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloidal particles or nanoparticles, with equal affinity for two fluids, are known to adsorb irreversibly to the fluid-fluid interface. We present large-scale computer simulations of the demixing of a binary solvent containing such particles. The newly formed interface sequesters the colloidal particles; as the interface coarsens, the particles are forced into close contact by interfacial tension. Coarsening is dramatically curtailed, and the jammed colloidal layer seemingly enters a glassy state, creating a multiply connected, solid-like film in three dimensions. The resulting gel contains percolating domains of both fluids, with possible uses as, for example, a microreaction medium.
Morphology and surface photometry of a sample of isolated early-type galaxies from deep imaging
Creators: name: Rampazzo, R.
name: Omizzolo, A.
name: Uslenghi, M.
name: Roman, J.
name: Mazzei, P.
name: Verdes-Montenegro, L.
name: Marino, A.
name: Jones, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isolated early-type galaxies (iETGs) are evolving in unusually poor environments for this morphological family, which is typical of cluster inhabitants. We investigate the mechanisms driving the evolution of these galaxies. Several studies indicate that interactions, accretions, and merging episodes leave their signature on the galaxy structure, from the nucleus down to the faint outskirts. We focus on revealing such signatures, if any, in a sample of iETGs, and we quantitatively revise their galaxy classification. We observed 20 (out of 104) iETGs, selected from the AMIGA catalog, with the 4KCCD camera at the VATT in the SDSS g and r bands. These are the deepest observations of a sample of iETGs so far. The analysis was performed using the AIDA package, providing PSF-corrected 2D surface photometry up to the galaxy outskirts. The package provides a model of the 2D galaxy light distribution, which after model subtraction enhances the fine and peculiar structures in the residual image of the galaxies. Our re-classification suggests that the sample is composed of bona fide ETGs spanning from ellipticals to late-S0s galaxies. Most of the surface brightness profiles are best fitted with a bulge plus disc model, suggesting the presence of an underlying disc structure. The residuals obtained after the model subtraction show the nearly ubiquitous presence of fine structures, such as shells, stellar fans, rings, and tails. Shell systems are revealed in about 60% of these galaxies. Because interaction, accretion, and merging events are widely interpreted as the origin of the fans, ripples, shells and tails in galaxies, we suggest that most of these iETGs have experienced such events. Because they are isolated (after 2-3 Gyr), these galaxies are the cleanest environment in which to study phenomena connected with events like these.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures in the text, 10 figures in Appendix A, accepted for publication in A&A
Precipitation-Redispersion of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles with Poly(Acrylic Acid) : Towards Stable Dispersions
Creators: name: Sehgal, A.
name: Lalatonne, Y.
name: Berret, J. -F.
name: Morvan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit a precipitation-redispersion mechanism for complexation of short chain polyelectrolytes with cerium oxide nanoparticles to extend their stability ranges. As synthesized, cerium oxide sols at pH 1.4 consist of monodisperse cationic nanocrystalline particles having a hydrodynamic diameter of 10 nm and a molecular weight 400000 gmol-1. We show that short chain uncharged poly(acrylic acid) at low pH when added to a cerium oxide sols leads to macroscopic precipitation. As the pH is increased, the solution spontaneously redisperses into a clear solution of single particles with an anionic poly(acrylic acid) corona. The structure and dynamics of cerium oxide nanosols and their hybrid polymer-inorganic complexes in solution are investigated by static and dynamic light scattering, X-ray scattering, and by chemical analysis. Quantitative analysis of the redispersed sol gives rise to an estimate of 40 - 50 polymer chains per particle for stable suspension. This amount represents 20 % of the mass of the polymer-nanoparticle complexes. This complexation adds utility to the otherwise unstable cerium oxide dispersions by extending the range of stability of the sols in terms of pH, ionic strength and concentration.
description: 6 Figures, 23 pages, submitted
Additional file 2 of Surface EMG-based quantification of inspiratory effort: a quantitative comparison with Pes
Creators: name: Graßhoff, Jan
name: Petersen, Eike
name: Farquharson, Franziska
name: Kustermann, Max
name: Kabitz, Hans-Joachim
name: Rostalski, Philipp
name: Walterspacher, Stephan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2. Mean and standard deviation of PTP/min, ETP/min, minute ventilation, and dynamic intrinsic PEEP within each pressure support level across all patients.
"Die Einheit, die wir suchen"
Creators: name: Joest, Wilfried
name: Kreck, Walter
name: Küppers, Werner
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 10 Nr. 3 (1961): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 10, Heft 3
Exploring the Potential Effects of Organic Production on Contracting in American Agribusiness
Creators: name: Volpe, Richard J.
name: Volpe, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Organic production, while still a niche market in U.S. agriculture, is growing at a rapid rate. This paper argues that organic producers, particularly those seeking certification to sell at the retail level, share many characteristics with conventional producers who opt for contracting over independence. These include yield risk, search and transaction costs, and technological changes. Depending on the rate at which federal assistance programs grow and evolve to serve organic producers, contracting may become a popular choice within the organic sector. In turn, contracting may come to cover a significantly larger share of agricultural production as the organic sector continues to grow.
What Happens when Peter can't Pay Paul: Risk Management at Futures Exchange Clearinghouses
Creators: name: Shi, Wei
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Shi, Wei
name: Irwin, Scott H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: We model a futures exchange's clearinghouse as a "bank" holding a portfolio of credit lines available to its clearing members and collateralized with clearing margins or, equivalently, a portfolio of short European put basket options. Consequently, the "bank" model measures the clearinghouse's risk exposure as the sum of the payoff functions of these put options, emphasizing the portfolio diversification and the option-like payoffs. The model is used to assess exchange's clearinghouse's liquidity and credit risk exposure. The model provides exchange clearinghouses and government regulators with a theoretical framework of risk management that systematically integrates clearing margin requirements,credit lines and economic capital.
Estimation of critical behavior from the density of states in Classical Statistical Models
Creators: name: Malakis, A.
name: Peratzakis, A.
name: Fytas, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple and efficient approximation scheme which greatly facilitates extension of Wang-Landau sampling (or similar techniques) in large systems for the estimation of critical behavior. The method, presented in an algorithmic approach, is based on a very simple idea, familiar in statistical mechanics from the notion of thermodynamic equivalence of ensembles and the central limit theorem. It is illustrated that, we can predict with high accuracy the critical part of the energy space and by using this restricted part we can extend our simulations to larger systems and improve accuracy of critical parameters. It is proposed that the extensions of the finite size critical part of the energy space, determining the specific heat, satisfy a scaling law involving the thermal critical exponent. The method is applied successfully for the estimation of the scaling behavior of specific heat of both square and simple cubic Ising lattices. The proposed scaling law is verified by estimating the thermal critical exponent from the finite size behavior of the critical part of the energy space. The density of states (DOS) of the zero-field Ising model on these lattices is obtained via a multi-range Wang-Landau sampling.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 8 tables
Stress Detection Using PPG Signal and Combined Deep CNN-MLP Network
Creators: name: Hasanpoor, Yasin
name: Motaman, Koorosh
name: Tarvirdizadeh, Bahram
name: Alipour, Khalil
name: Ghamari, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stress has become a fact in people's lives. It has a significant effect on the function of body systems and many key systems of the body including respiratory, cardiovascular, and even reproductive systems are impacted by stress. It can be very helpful to detect stress episodes in early steps of its appearance to avoid damages it can cause to body systems. Using physiological signals can be useful for stress detection as they reflect very important information about the human body. PPG signal due to its advantages is one of the mostly used signal in this field. In this research work, we take advantage of PPG signals to detect stress events. The PPG signals used in this work are collected from one of the newest publicly available datasets named as UBFC-Phys and a model is developed by using CNN-MLP deep learning algorithm. The results obtained from the proposed model indicate that stress can be detected with an accuracy of approximately 82 percent.
description: 5 figures , 2 tables
Induced Innovation in the Agricultural Sector: Evidence From a State Panel
Creators: name: Shumway, C. Richard
name: Liu, Yucan
name: Shumway, C. Richard
name: Liu, Yucan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper uses recently developed panel cointegration techniques and error correction modeling to test the hypothesis of induced innovation in a state-level panel of U.S. agricultural production. These methods provide greatly improved power compared to conventional approaches. A 5-step testing procedure is used to test the induced innovation hypothesis based on a 2-stage CES production function with aggregate output and four input categories. For both pairs of inputs, the test fails to support the hypothesis of induced innovation at one or more of the critical steps.
Plasma slab expansion into vacuum
Creators: name: Ivanov, S. K.
name: Kamchatnov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of collisionless plasma slab expansion into vacuum is solved within a two-temperature hydrodynamic approximation in the dispersionless limit of zero Debye radius. In the framework of such an approach, the solution by the Riemann method provides quite accurate description of the whole process of plasma dynamics. It is shown that the dispersionless approximation agrees very well with exact numerical solution of the full system of plasma hydrodynamic equations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Modeling Conservation Program Impacts: Accounting for participation using bootstrapping
Creators: name: Hellerstein, Daniel
name: Hellerstein, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Many conservation programs, such as the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), use indices to select offers. When modeling how changes in the index weights effect program outcomes, one must account for the attributes of available land, and which landowners chose to participate. This paper introduces a methodology to account for changes in participation as index weights change. Data on the actual CRP (all offers received) are combined with an artificial population of available lands (based on National Resources Inventory data). Bootstrapping methods are used to calibrate estimates of participation probability, and to account for errors-in-variables when estimating how index scores effect this probability. Preliminary analysis suggests that accounting for participation effects will effect estimated impacts of changing the CRP's index weights.
The Fisher gAlaxy suRvey cOde ($\texttt{FARO}$)
Creators: name: Resco, Miguel Aparicio
name: Maroto, Antonio L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fisher gAlaxy suRvey cOde ($\texttt{FARO}$) is a new public Python code that computes the Fisher matrix for galaxy surveys observables. The observables considered are the linear multitracer 3D galaxy power spectrum, the linear convergence power spectrum for weak lensing, and the linear multitracer power spectrum for the correlation between galaxy distribution and convergence. The code allows for tomographic and model-independent analysis in which, for scale-independent growth, the following functions of redshift $A_a (z) \equiv σ_{8}(z) \, b_a (z)$, $R(z) \equiv σ_{8}(z) \, f(z)$, $L(z) \equiv Ω_{m} \, σ_{8}(z) \, Σ(z)$ and $E(z) \equiv H(z)/H_0$, together with the function of scale $\hat{P}(k)$, are taken as free parameters in each redshift and scale bins respectively. In addition, a module for change of variables is provided to project the Fisher matrix on any particular set of parameters required. The code is built to be as fast as possible and user-friendly. As an application example, we forecast the sensitivity of future galaxy surveys like DESI, Euclid, J-PAS and LSST and compare their performance on different redshift and scale ranges.
description: https://www.ucm.es/iparcos/faro
Novel Cauchy-horizon instability
Creators: name: Maeda, Hideki
name: Torii, Takashi
name: Harada, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of weak discontinuity is investigated on horizons in the $n$-dimensional static solutions in the Einstein-Maxwell-scalar-$Λ$ system, including the Reissner-Nordström-(anti) de Sitter black hole. The analysis is essentially local and nonlinear. We find that the Cauchy horizon is unstable, whereas both the black-hole event horizon and the cosmological event horizon are stable. This new instability, the so-called kink instability, of the Cauchy horizon is completely different from the well-known ``infinite-blueshift'' instability. The kink instability makes the analytic continuation beyond the Cauchy horizon unstable.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, final version to appear in Physical Review D
Additional file 1 of Incidence of clinical malaria, acute respiratory illness, and diarrhoea in children in southern Malawi: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Tizifa, Tinashe A.
name: Kabaghe, Alinune N.
name: McCann, Robert S.
name: Nkhono, William
name: Mtengula, Spencer
name: Takken, Willem
name: Phiri, Kamija S.
name: van Vugt, Michele
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Appendix 1: Map of Majete Wildlife Reserve and the Majete Perimeter.
Coll Positioning systems: a two-dimensional approach
Creators: name: Ferrando, Joan Josep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic elements of Coll positioning systems (n clocks broadcasting electromagnetic signals in a n-dimensional space-time) are presented in the two-dimensional case. This simplified approach allows us to explain and to analyze the properties and interest of these relativistic positioning systems. The positioning system defined in flat metric by two geodesic clocks is analyzed. The interest of the Coll systems in gravimetry is pointed out.
description: 6 pages; in Proc. Spanish Relativity Meeting ERE-2005, Oviedo (Spain)
MODELING EXTENSIVE LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: AN APPLICATION TO SHEEP PRODUCTION IN KAZAKHSTAN
Creators: name: Howitt, Richard E.
name: Kobayashi, Mimako
name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
name: Laca, Emilio A.
name: Howitt, Richard E.
name: Kobayashi, Mimako
name: Jarvis, Lovell S.
name: Laca, Emilio A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: A stochastic dynamic programming model for extensive livestock systems is developed. The model optimizes sales/retention decisions when future forage production, which affects animal performance and hence profitability, is uncertain. The model is applied to sheep production in Kazakhstan to evaluate policy alternatives.
Robust localized zero-energy modes from locally embedded PT-symmetric defects
Creators: name: Mostafavi, Fatemeh
name: Yuce, Cem
name: Magana-Loaiza, Omar S.
name: Schomerus, Henning
name: Ramezani, Hamidreza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the creation of robust localized zero-energy states that are induced into topologically trivial systems by insertion of a PT-symmetric defect with local gain and loss. A pair of robust localized states induced by the defect turns into zero-energy modes when the gain-loss contrast exceeds a threshold, at which the defect states encounter an exceptional point. Our approach can be used to obtain robust lasing or perfectly absorbing modes in any part of the system.