cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
effect-of-treadmill-walking-training-with-deep-breathing-exercises-on-pulmonary-functions-in-patients with Parkinson's disease
Creators: name: Nashat Halim, Mina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified
Physiotherapy

description: effect-of-treadmill-walking-training-with-deep-breathing-exercises-on-pulmonary-functions-in-patient
Unsupervised Bilingual POS Tagging with Markov Random Fields
Creators: name: Desai  Chen
name: Dyer, Chris
name: Cohen, Shay B.
name: Smith, Noah A.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we give a treatment to the problem of bilingual part-of-speech induction with parallel data. We demonstrate that na¨ıve optimization of log-likelihood with joint MRFs suffers from a severe problem of local maxima, and suggest an alternative – using contrastive estimation for estimation of the parameters. Our experiments show that estimating the parameters this way, using overlapping features with joint MRFs performs better than previous work on the 1984 dataset.
Pointed Hopf Algebras with Triangular Decomposition -- A Characterization of Multiparameter Quantum Groups
Creators: name: Laugwitz, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17B37, Secondary 16W30, 20G42, 18D10

description: In this paper, we present an approach to the definition of multiparameter quantum groups by studying Hopf algebras with triangular decomposition. Classifying all of these Hopf algebras which are of what we call weakly separable type over a group, we obtain a class of pointed Hopf algebras which can be viewed as natural generalizations of multiparameter deformations of universal enveloping algebras of Lie algebras. These Hopf algebras are instances of a new version of braided Drinfeld doubles, which we call asymmetric braided Drinfeld doubles. This is a generalization of an earlier result by Benkart and Witherspoon (2004) who showed that two-parameter quantum groups are Drinfeld doubles. It is possible to recover a Lie algebra from these doubles in the case where the group is free abelian and the parameters are generic. The Lie algebras arising are generated by Lie subalgebras isomorphic to sl2.
description: 31 pages; revised manuscript for publication
Understanding the contributions to the CUORE background
Creators: name: Chiesa, Davide
name: Gironi, Luca
name: Dompè, Valentina
name: Gorla, Paolo
name: Biassoni, Matteo
name: Pavan, Maura
name: Campani, Alice
name: Cremonesi, Oliviero
name: Branca, Antonio
name: Nutini, Irene
name: Capelli, Silvia
name: Pagnanini, Lorenzo
name: Pozzi, Stefano
name: Bucci, Carlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: CUORE is a cryogenic experiment located at the underground Gran Sasso National Laboratories in Italy, and is searching for the neutrinoless double beta decay of 130Te. CUORE operates 988 TeO2 crystals at a base temperature of ∼10mK, and is the first ton-scale and ultra-low background bolometric experiment ever realized for this aim. Different phenomena contribute to the CUORE energy spectra, and their understanding is of fundamental importance for a correct interpretation of the results. In this poster, the main aspects of the CUORE background due to radioactive contaminations will be presented.
effect-of-treadmill-walking-training-with-deep-breathing-exercises-on-pulmonary-functions-in-patie
Creators: name: Nashat Halim, Mina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: effect-of-treadmill-walking-training-with-deep-breathing-exercises-on-pulmonary-functions-in-patient
title: Setting Norms and Promoting a Rules-based International Legal Order: Enhancing Strategic Autonomy Through the Autonomy of the EU Order
Creators: name: Rapoport, Cécile
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multilateralism
subject: Strategic Autonomy
subject: Autonomy of the EU Legal Order
subject: Norm-setting Power
subject: External Relations of the EU
subject: Rules-based International Order

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2023 8(2), 447-457
description: European Forum Insight of 27 July 2023
description: I. Introduction. - II. The autonomy principle as a leverage to achieve open strategic autonomy. - III. The constitutional autonomy of the EU as a constraint on its strategic autonomy. - IV. Conclusion.
description: This Insight analyses whether and to what extent the legal implication of the EU operating as an autonomous legal order can contribute to also ensuring its strategic autonomy. The way the European Court of Justice has interpreted the autonomy principle and preserves the autonomy of the EU legal order enhances the strategic autonomy of the EU by preserving its freedom to act. But while its being an autonomous legal order can help the EU to promote a rules-based international order, its ambition as a norm-setting power remains largely dependent on the attitude of its Member States.
Understanding of phase noise squeezing under fractional synchronization of non-linear spin transfer vortex oscillator
Creators: name: Lebrun, R.
name: Jenkins, A.
name: Dussaux, A.
name: Locatelli, N.
name: Tsunegi, S.
name: Grimaldi, E.
name: Kubota, H.
name: Bortolotti, P.
name: Yakushiji, K.
name: Grollier, J.
name: Fukushima, A.
name: Yuasa, S.
name: Cros, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate experimentally the synchronization of a vortex based spin transfer oscillator to an external rf current whose frequency is at multiple integers, as well as half integer, of the oscillator frequency. Through a theoretical study of the locking process, we highlight both the crucial role of the symmetries of the spin torques acting on the magnetic vortex and the nonlinear properties of the oscillator on the phase locking process. Through the achievement of a perfect injection locking state, we report a record phase noise reduction down to -90dBc/Hz at 1 kHz offset frequency. The phase noise of these nanoscale oscillators is demonstrating as being low and controllable which is of significant importance for real applications using spin transfer devices.
Acoustic Resonance Effects and Cavitation in SAW Aerosol Generation
Creators: name: Roudini, Mehrzad
name: Rosselló, Juan Manuel
name: Manor, Ofer
name: Ohl, Claus-Dieter
name: Winkler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) with liquids enables the production of aerosols with adjustable droplet sizes in the micrometer range expelled from a very compact source. Understanding the nonlinear acousto-hydrodynamics of SAWs with a regulated micro-scale liquid film is essential for acousto-microfluidics platforms, particularly aerosol generators. In this study, we demonstrate the presence of micro-cavitation in an MHz-frequency SAW aerosol generation platform, which is touted as a leap in aerosol technology with versatile application fields including biomolecule inhalation therapy, micro-chromatography and spectroscopy, olfactory displays, and material deposition. Using analysis methods with high temporal and spatial resolution, we demonstrate that SAWs stabilize spatially arranged liquid micro-domes atop the generator's surface. Our experiments show that these liquid domes become acoustic resonators with highly fluctuating pressure amplitudes that can even nucleate cavitation bubbles, as supported by analytical modeling. The observed fragmentation of liquid domes indicates the participation of three droplet generation mechanisms, including cavitation and capillary-wave instabilities. During aerosol generation, the cavitation bubbles contribute to the ejection of droplets from the liquid domes and also explain observed microstructural damage patterns on the chip surface eventually caused by cavitation-based erosion.
Virus interactions with human signal transduction pathways.
Creators: name: Zhongming  Zhao
name: Junfeng  Xia
name: Oznur  Tastan
name: Irtisha  Singh
name: Kshirsagar, Meghana
name: Carbonell, Jaime G.
name: Klein-Seetharaman, Judith
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Viruses depend on their hosts at every stage of their life cycles and must therefore communicate with them via Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs). To investigate the mechanisms of communication by different viruses, we overlay reported pairwise human-virus PPIs on human signalling pathways. Of 671 pathways obtained from NCI and Reactome databases, 355 are potentially targeted by at least one virus. The majority of pathways are linked to more than one virus. We find evidence supporting the hypothesis that viruses often interact with different proteins depending on the targeted pathway. Pathway analysis indicates overrepresentation of some pathways targeted by viruses. The merged network of the most statistically significant pathways shows several centrally located proteins, which are also hub proteins. Generally, hub proteins are targeted more frequently by viruses. Numerous proteins in virus-targeted pathways are known drug targets, suggesting that these might be exploited as potential new approaches to treatments against multiple viruses.
Von Mises-Fisher Clustering Models
Creators: name: Siddarth  Gopal
name: Yiming  Yang
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a suite of models for clustering high-dimensional data on a unit sphere based on von Mises-Fisher (vMF) distribution and for discovering more intuitive clusters than existing approaches. The proposed models include a) A Bayesian formulation of vMF mixture that enables information sharing among clusters, b) a Hierarchical vMF mixture that provides multiscale shrinkage and tree structured view of the data and c) a Temporal vMF mixture that captures evolution of clusters in temporal data. For posterior inference, we develop fast variational methods as well as collapsed Gibbs sampling techniques for all three models. Our experiments on six datasets provide strong empirical support in favour of vMF based clustering models over other popular tools such as K-means, Multinomial Mixtures and Latent Dirichlet Allocation.
Weakly-Supervised Bayesian Learning of a CCG Supertagger
Creators: name: Garrette, Dan
name: Dyer, Chris
name: Baldridge, Jason
name: Smith, Noah A.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a Bayesian formulation for weakly-supervised learning of a Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) supertagger with an HMM. We assume supervision in the form of a tag dictionary, and our prior encourages the use of crosslinguistically common category structures as well as transitions between tags that can combine locally according to CCG’s combinators. Our prior is theoretically appealing since it is motivated by languageindependent, universal properties of the CCG formalism. Empirically, we show that it yields substantial improvements over previous work that used similar biases to initialize an EM-based learner. Additional gains are obtained by further shaping the prior with corpus-specific information that is extracted automatically from raw text and a tag dictionary
Word Salad: Relating Food Prices and Descriptions
Creators: name: Chahuneau, Victor
name: Gimpel, Kevin
name: Routledge, Bryan R
name: Scherlis, Lily
name: Smith, Noah A.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the use of language in food writing, specifically on restaurant menus and in customer reviews. Our approach is to build predictive models of concrete external variables, such as restaurant menu prices. We make use of a dataset of menus and customer reviews for thousands of restaurants in several U.S. cities. By focusing on prediction tasks and doing our analysis at scale, our methodology allows quantitative, objective measurements of the words and phrases used to describe food in restaurants. We also explore interactions in language use between menu prices and sentiment as expressed in user reviews.
Additional file 1 of Pulmonary dust foci as rat pneumoconiosis lesion induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in 13-week inhalation study
Creators: name: Yamano, Shotaro
name: Goto, Yuko
name: Takeda, Tomoki
name: Hirai, Shigeyuki
name: Furukawa, Yusuke
name: Kikuchi, Yoshinori
name: Kasai, Tatsuya
name: Misumi, Kyohei
name: Suzuki, Masaaki
name: Takanobu, Kenji
name: Senoh, Hideki
name: Saito, Misae
name: Kondo, Hitomi
name: Umeda, Yumi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The whole body inhalation exposure system using in this study. The whole body inhalation exposure system (A). The averaged TiO2 NP concentration in the chamber for each exposure day (B). Representative scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the TiO2 NPs in the chambers (C). The particle size distributions for the various exposure concentrations (D). Cumulative frequency distribution graphs with logarithmic probability (E). Mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (σg) in the chamber (F). Scale bar: 20 μm, Yellow scale bar: 4 μm (panel C).
A Bayesian Matrix Factorization Model for Relational Data
Creators: name: Singh, Ajit P.
name: Gordon, Geoffrey J.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Relational learning can be used to augment one data source with other correlated sources of information, to improve predictive accuracy. We frame a large class of relational learning problems as matrix factorization problems, and propose a hierarchical Bayesian model. Training our Bayesian model using random-walk Metropolis-Hastings is impractically slow, and so we develop a block MetropolisHastings sampler which uses the gradient and Hessian of the likelihood to dynamically tune the proposal. We demonstrate that a predictive model of brain response to stimuli can be improved by augmenting it with side information about the stimuli.
A Machine Learning Approach for Dynamical Mass Measurements of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Ntampaka, Michelle
name: Trac, Hy
name: D. J. Sutherland
name: N.  Battaglia
name: Poczos, Barnabas
name: Schneider, Jeff
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We present a modern machine learning approach for cluster dynamical mass measurements that is a factor of two improvement over using a conventional scaling relation. Different methods are tested against a mock cluster catalog constructed using halos with mass ≥ 1014 M⊙h −1 from Multidark’s publicly-available N-body MDPL halo catalog. In the conventional method, we use a standard M(σv) power law scaling relation to infer cluster mass, M, from line-of-sight (LOS) galaxy velocity dispersion, σv. The resulting fractional mass error distribution is broad, with width ∆∈ ≈ 0.86 (68% scatter), and has extended high-error tails. The standard scaling relation can be simply enhanced by including higher-order moments of the LOS velocity distribution. Applying the kurtosis as a linear correction term to log(σv) reduces the width of the error distribution to ∆∈ ≈ 0.74 (15% improvement). Machine learning can be used to take full advantage of all the information in the velocity distribution. We employ the Support Distribution Machines (SDMs) algorithm that learns from distributions of data to predict single values. SDMs trained and tested on the distribution of LOS velocities yield ∆∈ ≈ 0.41 (52% improvement). Furthermore, the problematic tails of the mass error distribution are effectively eliminated
Barium Tagging for Background Free Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay Searches
Creators: name: Woodruff, Katherine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: New ultra-sensitive technologies are likely to be required for an observation of neutrinoless double beta with lifetimes in excess of the limits set by existing experiments. A promising avenue to a zero-background experiment is the identification of the daughter ion produced in the decay. The NEXT collaboration is developing techniques to collect and image single barium ions that result from the double beta decay of xenon-136 in high-pressure gas time projection chambers. The approach described in this poster uses dry-functional, on-off fluorophores imaged with single molecule fluorescence microscopy coupled to high-pressure RF carpets. I will present the latest status of these techniques, including new data on custom-made, single ion sensitive fluorescent molecules; new in-situ microscopy techniques, and progress on high-pressure RF carpet R&D.
Real-time Monitoring of Transient Phenomena with JUNO
Creators: name: Ziping Ye
name: Donglian Xu
name: Feiyang Zhang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: A new era of multi-messenger astronomy has arrived with the detection of gravitational waves and high-energy astrophysical neutrinos. The successful coordination of near real-time follow-up campaigns by multi-wavelength and multi-messenger instruments of those events have largely extended our understanding of the most violent phenomena in the Universe. With its unprecedented sensitivity to MeV scale neutrinos, the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) will contribute significantly to this exciting new field. We will present a model-independent real-time monitoring algorithm and the corresponding sensitivities to transient phenomena such as core-collapse supernova burst and pre-burst neutrino signals. Preliminary study shows that by implementing such algorithm on the firmware of a multi-messenger trigger system in JUNO can lead to significant detection of a typical core collapse supernova out to a distance of 100 kpc.
The SAGA so far: reading the history of the Galaxy with asteroseismology
Creators: name: Casagrande, Luca
name: Aguirre, Victor Silva
name: Serenelli, Aldo M.
name: Stello, Dennis
name: Feltzing, Sofia
name: Schlesinger, Katharine J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroseismology has the capability of delivering stellar properties which would otherwise be inaccessible, such as radii, masses and thus ages of stars. When this information is coupled with classical determinations of stellar parameters, such as metallicities, effective temperatures and angular diameters, powerful new diagnostics for stellar and Galactic studies can be obtained. The ongoing Stroemgren survey for Asteroseismology and Galactic Archaeology (SAGA) is pursuing such a goal, by determining photometric stellar parameters for stars with seismic oscillations measured by the Kepler satellite. As the survey continues and expands in sample size, SAGA will provide an unprecedented opportunity to constrain theories of the evolution of the Milky Way disc.
description: 4 pages, Proceedings of the CoRoT Symposium 3 / Kepler KASC-7 joint meeting, Toulouse, 7-11 July 2014. To be published by EPJ Web of Conferences. Project website at http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/saga/
The fastest stars in the Galaxy
Creators: name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Shen, Ken J.
name: Chandra, Vedant
name: Bauer, Evan
name: Fuller, Jim
name: Strader, Jay
name: Chomiuk, Laura
name: Naidu, Rohan
name: Caiazzo, Ilaria
name: Rodriguez, Antonio C.
name: Nagarajan, Pranav
name: Yamaguchi, Natsuko
name: Vanderbosch, Zachary P.
name: Roulston, Benjamin R.
name: van Roestel, Jan
name: Gänsicke, Boris
name: Han, Jiwon Jesse
name: Burdge, Kevin B.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Brink, Thomas G.
name: Zheng, WeiKang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a spectroscopic search for hypervelocity white dwarfs (WDs) that are runaways from Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and related thermonuclear explosions. Candidates are selected from Gaia data with high tangential velocities and blue colors. We find six new runaways, including four stars with radial velocities (RVs) $>1000\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$ and total space velocities $\gtrsim 1300\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$. These are most likely the surviving donors from double-degenerate binaries in which the other WD exploded. The other two objects have lower minimum velocities, $\gtrsim 600\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$, and may have formed through a different mechanism, such as pure deflagration of a WD in a Type Iax supernova. The four fastest stars are hotter and smaller than the previously known "D$^6$ stars," with effective temperatures ranging from $\sim$20,000 to $\sim$130,000 K and radii of $\sim 0.02-0.10\,R_{\odot}$. Three of these have carbon-dominated atmospheres, and one has a helium-dominated atmosphere. Two stars have RVs of $-1694$ and $-2285\rm \,km\,s^{-1}$ -- the fastest systemic stellar RVs ever measured. Their inferred birth velocities, $\sim 2200-2500\,\rm km\,s^{-1}$, imply that both WDs in the progenitor binary had masses $>1.0\,M_{\odot}$. The high observed velocities suggest that a dominant fraction of the observed hypervelocity WD population comes from double-degenerate binaries whose total mass significantly exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit. However, the two nearest and faintest D$^6$ stars have the lowest velocities and masses, suggesting that observational selection effects favor rarer, higher-mass stars. A significant population of fainter low-mass runaways may still await discovery. We infer a birth rate of D$^6$ stars that is consistent with the SN Ia rate. The birth rate is poorly constrained, however, because the luminosities and lifetimes of $\rm D^6$ stars are uncertain.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures. Accepted to OJA
Measurement of the diffuse muon neutrino spectrum using IceCube starting track events
Creators: name: Mancina, Sarah
name: Silva, Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: I will discuss a new IceCube event selection searching for starting astrophysical muon neutrinos at TeV energies. The event selection uses a veto technique to identify incoming atmospheric muons and remove the events from our dataset while maintaining a high efficiency for astrophysical neutrinos. In addition, we introduce the use of a Boost Decision Tree to further identify and remove atmospheric muons. I will show preliminary results validating the event selection performance. In addition, the good energy resolution of starting track events allows us to perform a measurement of the astrophysical diffuse neutrino spectrum down to TeV energies. This will provide insights as to whether there exists a hardening of the diffuse neutrino spectrum towards lower energies. I will show sensitivities to the astrophysical diffuse neutrino spectrum under various astrophysical flux models. A treatment and impact of detector and cosmic ray systematic uncertainties on our result will also be discussed.
On the Distribution of Salient Objects in Web Images and its Influence on Salient Object Detection
Creators: name: Schauerte, Boris
name: Stiefelhagen, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It has become apparent that a Gaussian center bias can serve as an important prior for visual saliency detection, which has been demonstrated for predicting human eye fixations and salient object detection. Tseng et al. have shown that the photographer's tendency to place interesting objects in the center is a likely cause for the center bias of eye fixations. We investigate the influence of the photographer's center bias on salient object detection, extending our previous work. We show that the centroid locations of salient objects in photographs of Achanta and Liu's data set in fact correlate strongly with a Gaussian model. This is an important insight, because it provides an empirical motivation and justification for the integration of such a center bias in salient object detection algorithms and helps to understand why Gaussian models are so effective. To assess the influence of the center bias on salient object detection, we integrate an explicit Gaussian center bias model into two state-of-the-art salient object detection algorithms. This way, first, we quantify the influence of the Gaussian center bias on pixel- and segment-based salient object detection. Second, we improve the performance in terms of F1 score, Fb score, area under the recall-precision curve, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, and hit-rate on the well-known data set by Achanta and Liu. Third, by debiasing Cheng et al.'s region contrast model, we exemplarily demonstrate that implicit center biases are partially responsible for the outstanding performance of state-of-the-art algorithms. Last but not least, as a result of debiasing Cheng et al.'s algorithm, we introduce a non-biased salient object detection method, which is of interest for applications in which the image data is not likely to have a photographer's center bias (e.g., image data of surveillance cameras or autonomous robots).
The Speech Recognition Virtual Kitchen: Launch Party
Creators: name: Plummer, Andrew
name: Riebling, Eric
name: Anuj  Kumar
name: Metze, Florian
name: Fosler-Lussier, Eric
name: Bates, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present updates to the Speech Recognition Virtual Kitchen (SRVK) environment, a repository of pre-configured Virtual Machines (VMs) containing tools and experiments in the speech and language field. SRVK promotes community sharing of research techniques, fosters innovative experimentation, and provides solid reference systems as a tool for education, research, and evaluation. VMs provide a consistent environment for experimentation, without requiring tedious installation of many individual tools, a web-based community platform complements the VMs, allowing users to jointly explore, learn and collaborate using VMs. In this Show&Tell demo, we present the infrastructure to the speech community, along with several example VMs and a set of online error analysis tools. We solicit feedback from the community, in order to further guide development of the kitchen, which we hope to grow into a widely used community resource
Development of high-sensitivity radon detector in water with continuous measurement
Creators: name: Nakano, Yuuki
name: Takeuchi, Yasuo
name: Yamamoto, Shotaro
name: Takeda, Atsushi
name: Okamoto, Kohei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Radon contamination in pure water causes serious background for low energy physics in Super-Kamiokande experiment, especially, search for distortions of the solar neutrino energy spectrum induced by the MSW effect. For lowering energy threshold (currently 3.5 MeV kinetic energy), investigation of radon concentration in water with sensitivity of < 1 mBq/m3 level is important and a radon detector with sensitivity of ~0.1 mBq/m3 has been developed by using activated charcoal trap with some time delay. On the other hand, real-time monitoring of Rn concentration in water with < 1 mBq/m3 level is indispensable for more dense investigation including its time evolution. In this poster, development of high-sensitivity radon detector for water with continuous measurement is presented. It consists of existing 80 L radon detector for air with sensitivity < 1 mBq/m3 and a degasifier module located at optimized position to maximize detection efficiency.
Constructing a cosmological model-independent Hubble diagram of type Ia supernovae with cosmic chronometers
Creators: name: Li, Zhengxiang
name: Gonzalez, J. E.
name: Yu, Hongwei
name: Zhu, Zong-Hong
name: Alcaniz, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply two methods, namely the Gaussian processes and the non-parametric smoothing procedure, to reconstruct the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ as a function of redshift from 15 measurements of the expansion rate obtained from age estimates of passively evolving galaxies. These reconstructions enable us to derive the luminosity distance to a certain redshift $z$, calibrate the light-curve fitting parameters accounting for the (unknown) intrinsic magnitude of type Ia supernova (SNe Ia) and construct cosmological model-independent Hubble diagrams of SNe Ia. In order to test the compatibility between the reconstructed functions of $H(z)$, we perform a statistical analysis considering the latest SNe Ia sample, the so-called JLA compilation. We find that, for the Gaussian processes, the reconstructed functions of Hubble parameter versus redshift, and thus the following analysis on SNe Ia calibrations and cosmological implications, are sensitive to prior mean functions. However, for the non-parametric smoothing method, the reconstructed functions are not dependent on initial guess models, and consistently require high values of $H_0$, which are in excellent agreement with recent measurements of this quantity from Cepheids and other local distance indicators.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Latex (Accepted for publication in Physical Review D)
Intrinsic random walks and sub-Laplacians in sub-Riemannian geometry
Creators: name: Boscain, Ugo
name: Neel, Robert
name: Rizzi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G50, 53C17, 35J05, 58J65, 35K05, 35H10

description: On a sub-Riemannian manifold we define two type of Laplacians. The \emph{macroscopic Laplacian} $Δ_ω$, as the divergence of the horizontal gradient, once a volume $ω$ is fixed, and the \emph{microscopic Laplacian}, as the operator associated with a sequence of geodesic random walks. We consider a general class of random walks, where \emph{all} sub-Riemannian geodesics are taken in account. This operator depends only on the choice of a complement $\mathbf{c}$ to the sub-Riemannian distribution, and is denoted $L^c$. We address the problem of equivalence of the two operators. This problem is interesting since, on equiregular sub-Riemannian manifolds, there is always an intrinsic volume (e.g. Popp's one $P$) but not a canonical choice of complement. The result depends heavily on the type of structure under investigation. On contact structures, for every volume $ω$, there exists a unique complement $c$ such that $Δ_ω=L^c$. On Carnot groups, if $H$ is the Haar volume, then there always exists a complement $c$ such that $Δ_H=L^c$. However this complement is not unique in general. For quasi-contact structures, in general, $Δ_P \neq L^c$ for any choice of $c$. In particular, $L^c$ is not symmetric w.r.t. Popp's measure. This is surprising especially in dimension 4 where, in a suitable sense, $Δ_P$ is the unique intrinsic macroscopic Laplacian. A crucial notion that we introduce here is the N-intrinsic volume, i.e. a volume that depends only on the set of parameters of the nilpotent approximation. When the nilpotent approximation does not depend on the point, a N-intrinsic volume is unique up to a scaling by a constant and the corresponding N-intrinsic sub-Laplacian is unique. This is what happens for dimension smaller or equal than 4, and in particular in the 4-dimensional quasi-contact structure mentioned above.
description: 42 pages, 1 figure. v2: minor revisions; v3: minor typos corrected; v4: final version, to appear on Advances in Mathematics
Tau Neutrino Appearance with 8 years of IceCube Neutrino Data
Creators: name: Étienne Bourbeau
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Of all three known flavors of neutrinos, the tau neutrino is undeniably the most difficult to identify experimentally. Because of this, the values of neutrino oscillation parameters related to the third generation of neutrinos remain poorly constrained, especially when unitarity assumptions are abandoned. One way to improve these constraints consists of measuring the appearance of tau neutrinos as a statistical excess of events in a large neutrino dataset. The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a gigaton neutrino detector buried 2000 m under the ice sheet at the South Pole. Its inner section, called DeepCore, constitutes a ~megaton fiducial volume of more densely instrumented ice, making it sensitive to the atmospheric neutrino flux down to energies of ~5 GeV, where muon neutrinos are known to oscillate into tau neutrinos. I present an analysis aimed at measuring the atmospheric tau neutrino appearance in IceCube-DeepCore, using 8 years of detector data.
Правове регулювання надання волонтерської допомоги збройним силам України: напрями та види
Creators: name: Прохоренко, Михайло Михайлович
name: Вагіфович, Алієв Роман
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: волонтерська допомога, волонтерство, волонтерська діяльність, антитерористична операція, збройний конфлікт, правове регулювання, Збройні Сили України.

description: У статті проаналізовано правове регулювання волонтерської діяльності в контексті підтримки Збройних Сил України. Особлива увага приділяється історичним передумовам та сучасним викликам, що виникли внаслідок російської збройної агресії, розпочатої у 2014 році. Визначено ключові аспекти волонтерської діяльності, яка включає матеріально-технічну підтримку, медичну допомогу, та гуманітарну підтримку. Розглянуто базові нормативно-правові акти, зокрема Закон України «Про волонтерську діяльність», та зясовано, що попри наявність регулювань, існує нагальна потреба у їх удосконаленні.

З огляду на зростаючі потреби воєнного часу, встановлено, що державна підтримка волонтерської діяльності виявляється недостатньою, особливо в аспектах фінансування та правового захисту учасників. Основні виклики пов'язані з відсутністю спеціальних програм для волонтерів, віковими обмеженнями, та недостатньою координацією між державними структурами та волонтерськими організаціями.

Наукове дослідження підкреслює необхідність удосконалення існуючого законодавства з метою адаптації до воєнних реалій та забезпечення ефективнішої підтримки Збройних Сил України. Рекомендовано запровадити цільові програми для волонтерів, що займаються підтримкою армії, зокрема з питань соціального захисту та фінансування.

Дослідження також вказує на потребу розробки нових законодавчих ініціатив, які б допомогли відповісти на сучасні виклики та забезпечили більшу юридичну інтеграцію волонтерської діяльності в систему національної безпеки і оборони України. Запропоновано зміцнення правових гарантій для волонтерів, зокрема в частині їхньої безпеки та соціального захисту.

У результаті, дослідження підкреслено, що подальше вивчення і розвиток правових механізмів волонтерської діяльності в Україні є критично важливим для підтримки стійкості та ефективності національної безпеки і оборони в умовах воєнного стану. Важливим напрямком майбутніх досліджень є аналіз впливу законодавчих змін на практичну діяльність волонтерів і їх взаємодію з військовими та цивільними структурами.
Neutron detection of the System of on-Axis Neutrino Detection in the DUNE near detector
Creators: name: Sunwoo Gwon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The System for on-Axis Neutrino Detection (SAND) is a reference detector in the Near Detector complex of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). It is composed of a 3-Dimensional Projection Scintillator Tracker (3DST), surrounded by a low-density tracker, an ECAL and a Magnet used for the KLOE experiment. This system aims at detecting all final-state particles including neutrons from neutrino charged-current interaction , thus providing a full reconstruction of each individual interaction channel. Because the precise information of neutron kinetic energy is largely missed in current neutrino experiments, SAND is unique and unprecedented for the measurement of neutron kinetic energy using the time-of-flight technique. Such a measurement can constrain the neutrino interaction and flux uncertainty for each exclusive neutrino interaction channel. In this poster, the capability of detecting final state neutrons in SAND is demonstrated with a full picture of background and detection uncertainty.
Strain effects on optical properties of tetrapod-shaped CdTe/CdS core-shell nanocrystals
Creators: name: Yao, Yuanzhao
name: Kuroda, Takashi
name: Dirin, Dmitry N.
name: Sokolikova, Maria S.
name: Vasiliev, Roman B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exciton states of strained CdTe/CdS core-shell tetrapod-shaped nanocrystals were theoretically investigated by the numerical diagonalization of a configuration interaction Hamiltonian based on the single-band effective mass approximation. We found that the inclusion of strain promotes the type-II nature by confining the electrons and holes in nonadjacent regions. This carrier separation is more efficient than that with type-II spherical nanocrystals. The strain leads to a small blue shift of the lowest exciton energy. Its magnitude is smaller than the red shift induced by increasing the shell thickness. Moreover, the larger arm diameter reduces the influence of both shell thickness and strain on the exciton energy. Considering the broken symmetry, a randomness induced carrier separation was revealed which is unique to a branched core-shell structure. The calculated shell thickness dependence of the emission energy agrees well with available experimental data.
description: 6 figures
eXplainable Machine Learning -- USI Course
Creators: name: Sokol, Kacper
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: interpretability
explainability
machine learning
artificial intelligence

description: Machine Learning Explainability: Exploring Automated Decision-Making Through Transparent Modelling and Peeking Inside Black Boxes Quarto slides for an eXplainable Machine Learning course delivered at USI Machine learning models require care, attention and a fair amount of tuning to offer accurate, consistent and robust predictive modelling of data. Why should their transparency and explainability be any different? While it is possible to easily generate explanatory insights with methods that are post-hoc and model-agnostic -- LIME and SHAP, for example -- these can be misleading when output by generic tools and viewed out of (technical or domain) context. Explanations should not be taken at their face value; instead their understanding ought to come from interpreting explanatory insights in view of the implicit caveats and limitations under which they were generated. After all, explainability algorithms are complex entities often built from multiple components that are subject to parameterisation choices and operational assumptions, all of which must be accounted for and configured to yield a truthful and useful explainer. Additionally, since any particular method may only provide partial information about the functioning of a predictive model, embracing diverse insights and appreciating their complementarity -- as well as disagreements -- can further enhance understanding of an algorithmic decision-making process. This course takes an adversarial perspective on artificial intelligence explainability and machine learning interpretability. Instead of reviewing popular approaches used to these ends, it breaks them up into core functional blocks, studies the role and configuration thereof, and reassembles them to create bespoke, well-understood explainers suitable for the problem at hand. The course focuses predominantly on tabular data, with some excursions into image and text explainability whenever a method is agnostic of the data type. The tuition is complemented by a series of hands-on materials for self-study, which allow you to experiment with these techniques and appreciate their inherent complexity, capabilities and limitations. The assignment, on the other hand, requires you to develop a tailor-made explainability suite for a data set and predictive model of your choice, or alternatively analyse an explainability algorithm to identify its core algorithmic building blocks and explore how they affect the resulting explanation. (Note that there is a scope for a bespoke project if you have a well-defined idea in mind.)
title: Orbital mass in a patient with lymphoma
Creators: name: Vásconez Muñoz, Fausto Andrés
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Head & neck imaging
subject: Eyes
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 47-year-old man currently undergoing active treatment for mantle cell lymphoma, presenting with cervical and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathies, was admitted to the emergency department complaining of monocular diplopia; the patient does not report any pain. Upon examination, the right eye exhibited proptosis, periocular congestion, limited supra-abduction, and increased resistance to retropulsion. These findings suggest the presence of a space-occupying orbital lesion, which warranted an initial CT (computed tomography) scan.

description: 47 years, male
Additional file 2 of Pulmonary dust foci as rat pneumoconiosis lesion induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles in 13-week inhalation study
Creators: name: Yamano, Shotaro
name: Goto, Yuko
name: Takeda, Tomoki
name: Hirai, Shigeyuki
name: Furukawa, Yusuke
name: Kikuchi, Yoshinori
name: Kasai, Tatsuya
name: Misumi, Kyohei
name: Suzuki, Masaaki
name: Takanobu, Kenji
name: Senoh, Hideki
name: Saito, Misae
name: Kondo, Hitomi
name: Umeda, Yumi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2. Biochemical markers in the BALF obtained from the lungs of rats after inhalation of TiO2 NPs for 13 weeks. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (A, B) and γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP) activity (C, D) were measured using an automatic analyzer, and are shown by sex (males: A and C; females: B and D) (n=5). Statistical significance was analyzed using Dunn’s or Dunnett’s multiple comparison test: *p<0.05 and **p<0.01.
Probing Non-Standard Interaction (NSI) with ANTARES and KM3NeT neutrino telescopes
Creators: name: Tarak Thakore
name: N. R. K. Chowdhury
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The KM3NeT-ORCA and its predecessor ANTARES are neutrino telescopes operating in the Mediterranean sea. While KM3NeT-ORCA is under construction, ANTARES has accumulated more than 10 years of data. ANTARES has successfully demonstrated detector technologies and analysis techniques for undersea neutrino detection ranging from energies of 20 GeV to tens of TeV. ORCA is specifically designed for making measurements of neutrino properties such as their mass ordering and oscillation parameters, whereas ANTARES was designed to detect very high energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin. In this contribution, we show sensitivity studies to Non-Standard Neutrino Interaction (NSI) parameters with the atmospheric neutrino flux. The NSI analysis with the ANTARES data is under progress. It is shown that both ORCA and ANTARES can place stringent bounds on Neutral Current NSI parameters.
Towards a Simple and Efficient Web Search Framework
Creators: name: Xu, Di
name: Callan, Jamie
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Web Track of 2014 Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) addresses the most fundamental problem of Information Retrieval. We did not intend to craft a system that beats the state-of-the-art search engines, but to design a light weight and cost-effective system with comparable performances. We introduce a twopass retrieval framework, with the first pass consisting of a simple and efficient retrieval model that focuses on recall, and the second pass a wave of feature extraction algorithms run on the set of top ranked documents, followed by Learning to Rank (LETOR) algorithms that provide different precision oriented rankings, and their outputs are combined using data fusion. We have focused on using statistical Language Models with novel and well-known smoothing techniques, different LETOR methods, and various data fusion techniques. In addition, we have also tried using topic modelling with Hierarchical Dirichlet Allocation for query expansion in the hope of improving diversity of our results. However, the topic modelling approach has turned out to be unsuccessful, and we have not been able to spot the problem and benefit from it in this work. In addition, we also present some further analyses demonstrating that our approach is robust against overfitting, and some general studies on overfitting in the context of LETOR.
Anisotropic phases of superfluid 3He in compressed aerogel
Creators: name: Li, J. I. A.
name: Zimmerman, A. M.
name: Pollanen, J.
name: Collett, C. A.
name: Halperin, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown that the relative stabilities of various superfluid states of 3He can be influenced by anisotropy in a silica aerogel framework. We prepared a suite of aerogel samples compressed up to 30% for which we performed pulsed NMR on 3He imbibed within the aerogel. We identified A and B-phases and determined their magnetic field-temperature phase diagrams as a function of strain. From these results we infer that the B-phase is distorted by negative strain forming an anisotropic superfluid state more stable than the A-phase.