cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Plastid Protein THYLAKOID FORMATION1 and the Plasma Membrane G-Protein GPA1 Interact in a Novel Sugar-Signaling Mechanism in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Huang, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Mutations in genes encoding components of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex were previously shown to confer altered sensitivity to increased levels of d-glucose. This suggests that G-protein coupling may be a novel sugar-signaling mechanism in Arabidopsis thaliana. THYLAKOID FORMATION1 (THF1) is here demonstrated in vivo as a Gα interaction partner that functions downstream of the plasma membrane–delimited heterotrimeric G-protein (GPA1) in a d-glucose signaling pathway. THF1 is a plastid protein localized to both the outer plastid membrane and the stroma. Contact between root plastidic THF1 and GPA1 at the plasma membrane occurs at sites where the plastid membrane abuts the plasma membrane, as demonstrated by Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). A probable role for THF1 in sugar signaling is demonstrated by both biochemical and genetic evidence. Root growth in the thf1-1 null mutant is hypersensitive to exogenous d-glucose, and THF1-overexpressing roots are resistant to inhibition of growth rate by high d-glucose. Additionally, THF1 levels are rapidly degraded by d-glucose but not l-glucose. The interaction between THF1 and GPA1 has been confirmed by in vitro and in vivo coimmunoprecipitation, FRET analysis, and genetic epistasis and provides evidence of a sugar-signaling mechanism between plastids and the plasma membrane.
Cytokinin Regulates Type-A Arabidopsis Response Regulator Activity and Protein Stability via Two-Component Phosphorelay
Creators: name: Kieber, J. J.
name: Maxwell, B. B.
name: Schaller, G. E.
name: Ferreira, F. J.
name: To, J. P.C.
name: Hutchison, C. E.
name: Deruere, J.
name: Morris, V. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The plant hormone cytokinin regulates many aspects of growth and development. Cytokinin signaling involves His kinase receptors that perceive cytokinin and transmit the signal via a multistep phosphorelay similar to bacterial two-component signaling systems. The final targets of this phosphorelay are a set of Arabidopsis thaliana Response Regulator (ARR) proteins containing a receiver domain with a conserved Asp phosphorylation site. One class of these, the type-A ARRs, are negative regulators of cytokinin signaling that are rapidly transcriptionally upregulated in response to cytokinin. In this study, we tested the role of phosphorylation in type-A ARR function. Our results indicate that phosphorylation of the receiver domain is required for type-A ARR function and suggest that negative regulation of cytokinin signaling by the type-A ARRs most likely involves phosphorylation-dependent interactions. Furthermore, we show that a subset of the type-A ARR proteins are stabilized in response to cytokinin in part via phosphorylation. These studies shed light on the mechanism by which type-A ARRs act to negatively regulate cytokinin signaling and reveal a novel mechanism by which cytokinin controls type-A ARR function.
Breakdown of Fermi liquid description for strongly interacting fermions
Creators: name: Sagi, Yoav
name: Drake, Tara E.
name: Paudel, Rabin
name: Chapurin, Roman
name: Jin, Deborah S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the normal state of an ultracold Fermi gas in the BCS-BEC crossover regime is an intriguing and controversial topic. While the many-body ground state remains a condensate of paired fermions, the normal state must evolve from a Fermi liquid to a Bose gas of molecules as a function of the interaction strength. How this occurs is still largely unknown. We explore this question with measurements of the distribution of single-particle energies and momenta in a nearly homogeneous gas above $T_c$. The data fit well to a function that includes a narrow, positively dispersing peak that corresponds to quasiparticles and an "incoherent background" that can accommodate broad, asymmetric line shapes. We find that the quasiparticle's spectral weight vanishes abruptly as the strength of interactions is modified, which signals the breakdown of a Fermi liquid description. Such a sharp feature is surprising in a crossover.
description: 21 pages including 4 main figures and a supplementary section with 5 extended data figures
Heterotrimeric G Protein   Subunits Provide Functional Selectivity in G   Dimer Signaling in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Mason, M. G.
name: Tilbrook, K.
name: Botella, J. R.
name: Anderson, D.
name: Rookes, J. E.
name: Trusov, Y.
name: Chakravorty, D.
name: Jones, A. M.
name: Chen, J.-G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The Arabidopsis thaliana heterotrimeric G protein complex is encoded by single canonical Gα and Gβ subunit genes and two Gγ subunit genes (AGG1 and AGG2), raising the possibility that the two potential G protein complexes mediate different cellular processes. Mutants with reduced expression of one or both Gγ genes revealed specialized roles for each Gγ subunit. AGG1-deficient mutants, but not AGG2-deficient mutants, showed impaired resistance against necrotrophic pathogens, reduced induction of the plant defensin gene PDF1.2, and decreased sensitivity to methyl jasmonate. By contrast, both AGG1- and AGG2-deficient mutants were hypersensitive to auxin-mediated induction of lateral roots, suggesting that Gβγ1 and Gβγ2 synergistically inhibit auxin-dependent lateral root initiation. However, the involvement of each Gγ subunit in this root response differs, with Gβγ1 acting within the central cylinder, attenuating acropetally transported auxin signaling, while Gβγ2 affects the action of basipetal auxin and graviresponsiveness within the epidermis and/or cortex. This selectivity also operates in the hypocotyl. Selectivity in Gβγ signaling was also found in other known AGB1-mediated pathways. agg1 mutants were hypersensitive to glucose and the osmotic agent mannitol during seed germination, while agg2 mutants were only affected by glucose. We show that both Gγ subunits form functional Gβγ dimers and that each provides functional selectivity to the plant heterotrimeric G proteins, revealing a mechanism underlying the complexity of G protein–mediated signaling in plants.
On the use of projection operators in electrodynamics
Creators: name: Frenkel, Andor
name: Rácz, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical electrodynamics all the measurable quantities can be derived from the gauge invariant Faraday tensor $F_{αβ}$. Nevertheless, it is often advantageous to work with gauge dependent variables. In [4],[2] and [8], and in the present note too, the transformation of the vector potential in Lorenz gauge to that in Coulomb gauge is considered. This transformation can be done by applying a projection operator that extracts the transverse part of spatial vectors. In many circumstances the proper projection operator is replaced by a simplified transverse one. It is widely held that such a replacement does not affect the result in the radiation zone. In this paper the action of the proper and simplified transverse projections will be compared by making use of specific examples of a moving point charge. It will be demonstrated that whenever the interminable spatial motion of the source is unbounded with respect to the reference frame of the observer the replacement of the proper projection operator by the simplified transverse one yields, even in the radiation zone, an erroneous result with error which is of the same order as the proper Coulomb gauge vector potential itself.
description: 15 pages, no figures, matched to the published version
NUCLEAR PORE ANCHOR, the Arabidopsis Homolog of Tpr/Mlp1/Mlp2/Megator, Is Involved in mRNA Export and SUMO Homeostasis and Affects Diverse Aspects of Plant Development
Creators: name: Muthuswamy, S.
name: Jeong, S. Y.
name: Rose, A.
name: Venkatakrishnan, S.
name: Meier, I.
name: Xu, X. M.
name: Zhao, Q.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Vertebrate Tpr and its yeast homologs Mlp1/Mlp2, long coiled-coil proteins of nuclear pore inner basket filaments, are involved in mRNA export, telomere organization, spindle pole assembly, and unspliced RNA retention. We identified Arabidopsis thaliana NUCLEAR PORE ANCHOR (NUA) encoding a 237-kD protein with similarity to Tpr. NUA is located at the inner surface of the nuclear envelope in interphase and in the vicinity of the spindle in prometaphase. Four T-DNA insertion lines were characterized, which comprise an allelic series of increasing severity for several correlating phenotypes, such as early flowering under short days and long days, increased abundance of SUMO conjugates, altered expression of several flowering regulators, and nuclear accumulation of poly(A)+ RNA. nua mutants phenocopy mutants of EARLY IN SHORT DAYS4 (ESD4), an Arabidopsis SUMO protease concentrated at the nuclear periphery. nua esd4 double mutants resemble nua and esd4 single mutants, suggesting that the two proteins act in the same pathway or complex, supported by yeast two-hybrid interaction. Our data indicate that NUA is a component of nuclear pore-associated steps of sumoylation and mRNA export in plants and that defects in these processes affect the signaling events of flowering time regulation and additional developmental processes.
Arabidopsis DDB1-CUL4 ASSOCIATED FACTOR1 Forms a Nuclear E3 Ubiquitin Ligase with DDB1 and CUL4 That Is Involved in Multiple Plant Developmental Processes
Creators: name: McCall, C.
name: Xiong, Y.
name: Deng, X. W.
name: Chen, F.
name: Chen, H.
name: Feng, S.
name: Wang, J.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The human DDB1-CUL4 ASSOCIATED FACTOR (DCAF) proteins have been reported to interact directly with UV-DAMAGED DNA BINDING PROTEIN1 (DDB1) through the WDxR motif in their WD40 domain and function as substrate-recognition receptors for CULLIN4-based E3 ubiquitin ligases. Here, we identified and characterized a homolog of human DCAF1/VprBP in Arabidopsis thaliana. Yeast two-hybrid analysis demonstrated the physical interaction between DCAF1 and DDB1 from Arabidopsis, which is likely mediated via the WD40 domain of DCAF1 that contains two WDxR motifs. Moreover, coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that DCAF1 associates with DDB1, RELATED TO UBIQUITIN–modified CUL4, and the COP9 signalosome in vivo but not with CULLIN-ASSOCIATED and NEDDYLATION-DISSOCIATED1, CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1), or the COP10-DET1-DDB1 complex, supporting the existence of a distinct Arabidopsis CUL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase, the CUL4-DDB1-DCAF1 complex. Transient expression of fluorescently tagged DCAF1, DDB1, and CUL4 in onion epidermal cells showed their colocalization in the nucleus, consistent with the notion that the CUL4-DDB1-DCAF1 complex functions as a nuclear E3 ubiquitin ligase. Genetic and phenotypic analysis of two T-DNA insertion mutants of DCAF1 showed that embryonic development of the dcaf1 homozygote is arrested at the globular stage, indicating that DCAF1 is essential for plant embryogenesis. Reducing the levels of DCAF1 leads to diverse developmental defects, implying that DCAF1 might be involved in multiple developmental pathways.
Characterization of Arabidopsis and Rice DWD Proteins and Their Roles as Substrate Receptors for CUL4-RING E3 Ubiquitin Ligases
Creators: name: Yoon, H.-J.
name: Chen, H.
name: Xiong, Y.
name: Deng, X. W.
name: Gusmaroli, G.
name: Charron, J.-B. F.
name: He, Y. J.
name: Lee, J.-H.
name: Terzaghi, W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: A subset of WD40 proteins that contain a DWD motif (for DDB1 binding WD40) is reported to act as substrate receptors for DDB1-CUL4-ROC1 (for Damaged DNA Binding 1–Cullin 4–Regulator of Cullins 1) based E3 ubiquitin ligases in humans. Here, we report 85 Arabidopsis thaliana and 78 rice (Oryza sativa) proteins containing the conserved 16–amino acid DWD motif. We show by yeast two-hybrid and in vivo coimmunoprecipitation that 11 Arabidopsis DWD proteins directly interact with DDB1 and thus may serve as substrate receptors for the DDB1–CUL4 machinery. We further examine whether the DWD protein PRL1 (for Pleiotropic Regulatory Locus 1) may act as part of a CUL4-based E3 ligase. PRL1 directly interacts with DDB1, and prl1 and cul4cs mutants exhibited similar phenotypes, including altered responses to a variety of stimuli. Moreover, AKIN10 (for Arabidopsis SNF1 Kinase Homolog 10) was degraded more slowly in cell extracts of prl1 and cul4cs than in cell extracts of the wild type. Thus, both genetic and biochemical analyses support the conclusion that PRL1 is the substrate receptor of a CUL4-ROC1-DDB1-PRL1 E3 ligase involved in the degradation of AKIN10. This work adds a large new family to the current portfolio of plant E3 ubiquitin ligases.
Two Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor Kinases Mediate Signaling, Linking Cell Wall Biosynthesis and ACC Synthase in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Kieber, J. J.
name: Baskin, T. I.
name: Rahman, A.
name: Xu, S.-L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The plant cell wall is a dynamic structure that changes in response to developmental and environmental cues through poorly understood signaling pathways. We identified two Leu-rich repeat receptor-like kinases in Arabidopsis thaliana that play a role in regulating cell wall function. Mutations in these FEI1 and FEI2 genes (named for the Chinese word for fat) disrupt anisotropic expansion and the synthesis of cell wall polymers and act additively with inhibitors or mutations disrupting cellulose biosynthesis. While FEI1 is an active protein kinase, a kinase-inactive version of FEI1 was able to fully complement the fei1 fei2 mutant. The expansion defect in fei1 fei2 roots was suppressed by inhibition of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase, an enzyme that converts Ado-Met to ACC in ethylene biosynthesis, but not by disruption of the ethylene response pathway. Furthermore, the FEI proteins interact directly with ACC synthase. These results suggest that the FEI proteins define a novel signaling pathway that regulates cell wall function, likely via an ACC-mediated signal.
On the Kurdish Question: Secession through the Cooley-Eaton-McQuillin Thesis
Creators: name: Gussen, Ben
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4805
subject: Legal systems
classificationCode: 4803
subject: International and comparative law
classificationCode: 4505
subject: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples, society and community
classificationCode: 4804
subject: Law in context
classificationCode: 4807
subject: Public law
classificationCode: 4802
subject: Environmental and resources law
classificationCode: 4806
subject: Private law and civil obligations
classificationCode: 380399
subject: Economic theory not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 4801
subject: Commercial law

description: This paper argues that federalism is effective in managing internal conflicts only as a constitutional design for a union between non-contiguous sovereign cities. The paper illustrates why existing federal orders are instable, and how subsidiarity (at the city-region scale) can provide a stable equilibrium. As to the jurisdictions discussed in the paper, the first two, New Zealand and Australia, explain how federal constitutional designs fail (either explicitly or implicitly). The other two, Canada and Ethiopia, explain how domestic constitutional law can be amended to accommodate the ultimate objective of federalism, namely secession. In the final analysis, political calculations militate against secession, as seen in all four jurisdictions. To alter relevant incentives, we need to rethink the Westphalian nation-state and its contiguous, non-perforated ‘territorial integrity’. To this end, the paper proposes reimagining a world order beyond the (narrower) discourse of nation-state secession and federalism. In this Cooley-Eaton-McQuillin world order, sovereign cities acquire an international legal personality.
Type B Response Regulators of Arabidopsis Play Key Roles in Cytokinin Signaling and Plant Development
Creators: name: Mathews, D. E.
name: Etheridge, N.
name: Mason, M. G.
name: Palmer, C. M.
name: Thibault, D. M.
name: Argyros, R. D.
name: Kieber, J. J.
name: Schaller, G. E.
name: Argyros, D. A.
name: Chiang, Y.-H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The type B Arabidopsis Response Regulators (ARRs) of Arabidopsis thaliana are transcription factors that act as positive regulators in the two-component cytokinin signaling pathway. We employed a mutant-based approach to perform a detailed characterization of the roles of ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12 in plant growth and development. The most pronounced phenotype was found in the arr1-3 arr10-5 arr12-1 triple loss-of-function mutant, which showed almost complete insensitivity to high levels of exogenously applied cytokinins. The triple mutant exhibited reduced stature due to decreased cell division in the shoot, enhanced seed size, increased sensitivity to light, altered chlorophyll and anthocyanin concentrations, and an aborted primary root with protoxylem but no metaxylem. Microarray analysis revealed that expression of the majority of cytokinin-regulated genes requires the function of ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12. Characterization of double mutants revealed differing contributions of the type B ARRs to mutant phenotypes. Our results support a model in which cytokinin regulates a wide array of downstream responses through the action of a multistep phosphorelay that culminates in transcriptional regulation by ARR1, ARR10, and ARR12.
Fano resonances in hexagonal zigzag graphene rings under external magnetic flux
Creators: name: Faria, D.
name: Carrillo-Bastos, R.
name: Sandler, N.
name: Latgé, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transport properties of hexagonal zigzag graphene quantum rings connected to semi-infinite nanoribbons. Open two-fold symmetric structures support localized states that can be traced back to those existing in the isolated six-fold symmetric rings. Using a tight-binding Hamiltonian within the Green's function formalism, we show that an external magnetic field promotes these localized states to Fano resonances with robust signatures in transport. Local density of states and current distributions of the resonant states are calculated as a function of the magnetic flux intensity. For structures on corrugated substrates we analyze the effect of strain by including an out-of-plane centro-symmetric deformation in the model. We show that small strains shift the resonance positions without further modifications, while high strains introduce new ones.
description: To appear in JPCM
Maintien de l’ordre et surveillance pendant la pandémie de la Covid-19 en Côte d’Ivoire
Creators: name: Gaulithy Konan Georges
Publisher: name: Urban Crime. An international Journal
Year: 2022

description: La question du maintien de l’ordre et de la surveillance a souvent été au cœur de nombreuses polémiques eu égard à certaines dérives observées lors de son exécution par les forces de sécurité publique. Elle devient cruciale en cette période de pandémie (COVID-19) compte tenu du rôle central que lesdites forces jouent dans le suivi et le respect des mesures préventives édictées à l’endroit des populations, surtout dans la sphère publique. Cette étude descriptive vise l’analyse des pratiques du maintien d’ordre et de la surveillance effectuées par les forces de sécurité publique pendant la pandémie de la COVID-19 en Côte d’Ivoire. Elle interroge leurs pratiques par rapport à la déontologie qui régit leur fonction et au respect des droits de l’homme (citoyens) dans la mesure où celles-ci sont souvent problématiques dans le contexte ivoirien.
description: Urban Crime. An international Journal, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022)
Policing during the COVID-19 pandemic: the case of Greece
Creators: name: Giorgos Triantafyllou
name: Valvis, Anastasios
name: Spathi, Theoni
Publisher: name: Urban Crime. An international Journal
Year: 2022

description: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has presented modern societies with numerous unprecedented challenges. Indeed, what began as a health emergency evolved into a global crisis, affecting all aspects of organised societal activities, such as the economy, education, travelling, etc. Against this background of unparalleled change, Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) have been tasked to perform a wide array of duties, including not only traditional policing but also new tasks related to public health safety, such as enforcing the measures against the spread of COVID-19. Consequently, this expanded portfolio of responsibilities questioned implicitly LEAs’ priorities, emphasising the need for quick adaptation to the new policing needs through a versatile approach to policing. Using Greece as a case study, this paper has a twofold objective: First, to map what have been the most important changes in urban policing during the pandemic, focusing on LEAs’ responsibilities, tasks, mandates, and priorities through the lens of human security. Second, to explore if and how those changes have affected the relationship between civilians and the LEA personnel, emphasising on the perceptions of the latter on the ground of public acceptance of the police’s role compared to the pre-COVID-19 period.
description: Urban Crime. An international Journal, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022)
Arabidopsis N-MYC DOWNREGULATED-LIKE1, a Positive Regulator of Auxin Transport in a G Protein-Mediated Pathway
Creators: name: Jiang, K.
name: Uhrig, J. F.
name: Zhou, J.
name: Mudgil, Y.
name: Temple, B.
name: Jones, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Root architecture results from coordinated cell division and expansion in spatially distinct cells of the root and is established and maintained by gradients of auxin and nutrients such as sugars. Auxin is transported acropetally through the root within the central stele and then, upon reaching the root apex, auxin is transported basipetally through the outer cortical and epidermal cells. The two Gβγ dimers of the Arabidopsis thaliana heterotrimeric G protein complex are differentially localized to the central and cortical tissues of the Arabidopsis roots. A null mutation in either the single β (AGB1) or the two γ (AGG1 and AGG2) subunits confers phenotypes that disrupt the proper architecture of Arabidopsis roots and are consistent with altered auxin transport. Here, we describe an evolutionarily conserved interaction between AGB1/AGG dimers and a protein designated N-MYC DOWNREGULATED-LIKE1 (NDL1). The Arabidopsis genome encodes two homologs of NDL1 (NDL2 and NDL3), which also interact with AGB1/AGG1 and AGB1/AGG2 dimers. We show that NDL proteins act in a signaling pathway that modulates root auxin transport and auxin gradients in part by affecting the levels of at least two auxin transport facilitators. Reduction of NDL family gene expression and overexpression of NDL1 alter root architecture, auxin transport, and auxin maxima. AGB1, auxin, and sugars are required for NDL1 protein stability in regions of the root where auxin gradients are established; thus, the signaling mechanism contains feedback loops.
The explosive rise in cyberbullying behavior and online victimization rates among university students in Athens and the role of forced confinement due to the Covid-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Papathanasopoulou, Nikoletta V.
Publisher: name: Urban Crime. An international Journal
Year: 2022

description: Τhe study focuses on the role of forced confinement in the findings of the May 2020 survey which was conducted in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic and was applied to a sample of 160 students at the National Technical University of Athens. The research purpose was to test the impact of the pandemic to the cyberbullying phenomenon and the victimization of young people in Greece in the light of Robert Agnew’s General Strain Theory (GST). The findings indicate a dramatic increase and highlight a very strong interface between cyberbullying and victimization of young people and the presence of both, oppressive and stressful situations, as well as negative feelings of anger, shame and insecurity, suggested by Agnew’s theory. Additionally, the evaluation of the findings revealed an enhanced connection between cyberbullying and victimization and the conditions of forced confinement, imposed due to the rapid spread of the pandemic. The conclusion drawn from this specific finding is that coercion combined with the already burdensome, oppressive and stressful environment, students live in, are very likely to have led to the dramatic increase of the cyberbullying and online victimization rates, found by the survey. The study, which includes 15 illustration graphs of the research key results, is completed with some cautionary notes on methodological issues, as well as suggestions and conclusive thoughts.
description: Urban Crime. An international Journal, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022)
QED calculation of the ground-state energy of berylliumlike ions
Creators: name: Malyshev, A. V.
name: Volotka, A. V.
name: Glazov, D. A.
name: Tupitsyn, I. I.
name: Shabaev, V. M.
name: Plunien, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ab initio QED calculations of the ground-state binding energies of berylliumlike ions are performed for the wide range of the nuclear charge number: Z=18-96. The calculations are carried out in the framework of the extended Furry picture starting with three different types of the screening potential. The rigorous QED calculations up to the second order of the perturbation theory are combined with the third- and higher-order electron-correlation contributions obtained within the Breit approximation by the use of the large-scale configuration-interaction Dirac-Fock-Sturm method. The effects of nuclear recoil and nuclear polarization are taken into account. The ionization potentials are obtained by subtracting the binding energies of the corresponding lithiumlike ions. In comparison with the previous calculations the accuracy of the binding energies and the ionization potentials is significantly improved.
description: 2 figures, 5 tables
The high light response in arabidopsis involves ABA signaling between vascular and bundle sheath cells W
Creators: name: Asami, T.
name: Truman, W.
name: Slattery, K.
name: Galvez-Valdivieso, G.
name: Baker, N. R.
name: Smirnoff, N.
name: Jones, A. M.
name: Fryer, M. J.
name: Mullineaux, P. M.
name: Lawson, T.
name: Davies, W. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Previously, it has been shown that Arabidopsis thaliana leaves exposed to high light accumulate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in bundle sheath cell (BSC) chloroplasts as part of a retrograde signaling network that induces ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE2 (APX2). Abscisic acid (ABA) signaling has been postulated to be involved in this network. To investigate the proposed role of ABA, a combination of physiological, pharmacological, bioinformatic, and molecular genetic approaches was used. ABA biosynthesis is initiated in vascular parenchyma and activates a signaling network in neighboring BSCs. This signaling network includes the Gα subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein complex, the OPEN STOMATA1 protein kinase, and extracellular H2O2, which together coordinate with a redox-retrograde signal from BSC chloroplasts to activate APX2 expression. High light–responsive genes expressed in other leaf tissues are subject to a coordination of chloroplast retrograde signaling and transcellular signaling activated by ABA synthesized in vascular cells. ABA is necessary for the successful adjustment of the leaf to repeated episodes of high light. This process involves maintenance of photochemical quenching, which is required for dissipation of excess excitation energy.
How did cybercriminals ‘survive’ during the pandemic?”
Creators: name: Germanos, Georgios
name: Georgiou, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: Urban Crime. An international Journal
Year: 2022

description: During the covid-19 pandemic, citizens, companies and organizations were obliged to adapt to new daily routine, where the Internet held a predominant role. Remote working and learning, online shopping, entertainment and social media usage have created a bigger “pool” of potential victims of cybercrime. This forced cybercriminals to ameliorate the modus operandi they were using, or invent new, to achieve their purposes, according to their motivations. More specifically, the number of typical cybercrimes, such as cyber attacks (e.g. man-in-the-middle, ransomware, etc.), frauds and online sexual exploitation / abuse of children, has increased, but, in parallel, law enforcement authorities and relevant organizations worldwide have come across new business models: online markets on the dark web were fake vaccines or medical examination certificates were sold, industrial espionage and a huge amount of fake news / misinformation with further effects on social stability and trust in public authorities. To tackle the above challenges, new prevention and investigation policies were required to be put into force from the side of the governments and the law enforcement authorities.
description: Urban Crime. An international Journal, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022)
Ida Wegelin-Beuttner an Louis Rollier (1859-1931), mit einer Nachschrift von Heinrich Wegelin (1853-1940)
Creators: name: Wegelin-Beuttner, Ida
name: Wegelin, Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1905

description: Brief aus Frauenfeld.
Zusätzlich darauf vermerkt: Nachschrift von Heinrich Wegelin
Counterfeit PPE: Substandard respirators and their entry into supply chains in major cities
Creators: name: Hashemi, Layla
name: Huang, Edward
name: Shelley, Louise
Publisher: name: Urban Crime. An international Journal
Year: 2022

description: Over 58 million counterfeit respirators of substandard quality unable to protect individuals from infection have been seized globally since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. These seizures have primarily occurred in urban warehouses and ports around the world according to analysis of public and corporate data shared with the authors. The presence of tens of millions of respirators in storage facilities prior to distribution demonstrates that urban areas are key elements of illicit supply chains. Data suggests that the concept of urban insecurity needs to be reconsidered in light of illicit supply chains for counterfeit respirators and their role in facilitating disease transmission in urban areas. The analysis presented in this article suggests that threats to human life should not be confined narrowly to violent acts or the consumption of drugs. Human life can also be threatened through the massive distribution of counterfeit N95 masks during a pandemic, a problem that has become more acute with more contagious mutations of COVID-19.
description: Urban Crime. An international Journal, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022)
Rice-Mele model with topological solitons in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Przysiezna, Anna
name: Dutta, Omjyoti
name: Zakrzewski, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Attractive ultra-cold fermions trapped in a one-dimensional periodically shaken opticla lattices are considered. For an appropriate resonant shaking the system realizes paradigmatic dimes physics described by Rice-Mele model. The important feature of our system is the possible presence of controlled defects. They result in the creation of topologically protected loclaized modes carrying fractional particle number. Their possible experimental signatures are discussed.
description: 15pp, 4figs version accepted in NJP
Hans Jakob Wehrli-Keyser (1871-1945) an Louis Rollier (1859-1931), mit Beilage
Creators: name: Wehrli-Keyser, Hans Jakob
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1904

description: Brief aus Zürich.
Beilage: Postcheckcoupon, gestempelt am 29.1.1904 in Zürich
Two Seven-Transmembrane Domain MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O Proteins Cofunction in Arabidopsis Root Thigmomorphogenesis
Creators: name: Noir, S.
name: Kwaaitaal, M.
name: Muday, G.
name: Chen, Z.
name: Hartmann, H. A.
name: Panstruga, R.
name: Jones, A. M.
name: Wu, M.-J.
name: Mudgil, Y.
name: Sukumar, P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Directional root expansion is governed by nutrient gradients, positive gravitropism and hydrotropism, negative phototropism and thigmotropism, as well as endogenous oscillations in the growth trajectory (circumnutation). Null mutations in phylogenetically related Arabidopsis thaliana genes MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O 4 (MLO4) and MLO11, encoding heptahelical, plasma membrane–localized proteins predominantly expressed in the root tip, result in aberrant root thigmomorphogenesis. mlo4 and mlo11 mutant plants show anisotropic, chiral root expansion manifesting as tightly curled root patterns upon contact with solid surfaces. The defect in mlo4 and mlo11 mutants is nonadditive and dependent on light and nutrients. Genetic epistasis experiments demonstrate that the mutant phenotype is independently modulated by the Gβ subunit of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex. Analysis of expressed chimeric MLO4/MLO2 proteins revealed that the C-terminal domain of MLO4 is necessary but not sufficient for MLO4 action in root thigmomorphogenesis. The expression of the auxin efflux carrier fusion, PIN1-green fluorescent protein, the pattern of auxin-induced gene expression, and acropetal as well as basipetal auxin transport are altered at the root tip of mlo4 mutant seedlings. Moreover, addition of auxin transport inhibitors or the loss of EIR1/AGR1/PIN2 function abolishes root curling of mlo4, mlo11, and wild-type seedlings. These results demonstrate that the exaggerated root curling phenotypes of the mlo4 and mlo11 mutants depend on auxin gradients and suggest that MLO4 and MLO11 cofunction as modulators of touch-induced root tropism.
Thermometry via Light Shifts in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: McDonald, Mickey
name: McGuyer, Bart H.
name: Iwata, Geoffrey Z.
name: Zelevinsky, Tanya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For atoms or molecules in optical lattices, conventional thermometry methods are often unsuitable due to low particle numbers or a lack of cycling transitions. However, a differential spectroscopic light shift can map temperature onto the line shape with a low sensitivity to trap anharmonicity. We study narrow molecular transitions to demonstrate precise frequency-based lattice thermometry, as well as carrier cooling. This approach should be applicable down to nanokelvin temperatures. We also discuss how the thermal light shift can affect the accuracy of optical lattice clocks.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Final version
Supersolar Ni/Fe production in the Type IIP SN 2012ec
Creators: name: Jerkstrand, Anders
name: Smartt, Stephen J.
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Inserra, Cosimo
name: Fraser, Morgan
name: Spyromilio, Jason
name: Fransson, Claes
name: Chen, Ting-Wan
name: Barbarino, Cristina
name: Dall'Ora, Massimo
name: Botticella, Maria Teresa
name: Della Valle, Massimo
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Valenti, Stefano
name: Maguire, Kate
name: Mazzali, Paolo
name: Tomasella, Lina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SN 2012ec is a Type IIP supernova (SN) with a progenitor detection and comprehensive photospheric-phase observational coverage. Here, we present Very Large Telescope and PESSTO observations of this SN in the nebular phase. We model the nebular [O I] 6300, 6364 lines and find their strength to suggest a progenitor main-sequence mass of 13-15 Msun. SN 2012ec is unique among hydrogen-rich SNe in showing a distinct and unblended line of stable nickel [Ni II] 7378. This line is produced by 58Ni, a nuclear burning ash whose abundance is a sensitive tracer of explosive burning conditions. Using spectral synthesis modelling, we use the relative strengths of [Ni II] 7378 and [Fe II] 7155 (the progenitor of which is 56Ni) to derive a Ni/Fe production ratio of 0.20pm0.07 (by mass), which is a factor 3.4pm1.2 times the solar value. High production of stable nickel is confirmed by a strong [Ni II] 1.939 micron line. This is the third reported case of a core-collapse supernova producing a Ni/Fe ratio far above the solar value, which has implications for core-collapse explosion theory and galactic chemical evolution models.
description: Published version
14-3-3 Regulates 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Synthase Protein Turnover in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Yoon, G. M.
name: Kieber, J. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: 14-3-3 proteins are a family of conserved phospho-specific binding proteins involved in diverse physiological processes. Plants have large 14-3-3 gene families, and many binding partners have been identified, though relatively few functions have been defined. Here, we demonstrate that 14-3-3 proteins interact with multiple 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) isoforms in Arabidopsis thaliana. ACS catalyzes the generally rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of the phytohormone ethylene. This interaction increases the stability of the ACS proteins. 14-3-3s also interact with the ETHYLENE-OVERPRODUCER1 (ETO1)/ETO1-LIKE (EOLs), a group of three functionally redundant proteins that are components of a CULLIN-3 E3 ubiquitin ligase that target a subset of the ACS proteins for rapid degradation by the 26S proteasome. In contrast with ACS, the interaction with 14-3-3 destabilizes the ETO1/EOLs. The level of the ETO1/EOLs in vivo plays a role in mediating ACS protein turnover, with increased levels leading to a decrease in ACS protein levels. These studies demonstrate that regulation of ethylene biosynthesis occurs by a mechanism in which 14-3-3 proteins act through a direct interaction and stabilization of ACS and through decreasing the abundance of the ubiquitin ligases that target a subset of ACS proteins for degradation.
The Covid-19 pandemic in modern cities: the example of criminological theory and history
Creators: name: Vlachou, Vicky
Publisher: name: Urban Crime. An international Journal
Year: 2022

description: The Covid-19 pandemic brought a series of changes and problems to modern cities, which were called upon to deal with the new crime scene and take advantage of the emerging difficulties, turning them into opportunities. The present study focuses on the contribution of criminological theory and history and their specific proposals in dealing with the new data brought about by the pandemic to the society and crime. Specific examples of intervention are given based on historical experience.
description: Urban Crime. An international Journal, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2022)
HDA18 Affects Cell Fate in Arabidopsis Root Epidermis via Histone Acetylation at Four Kinase Genes
Creators: name: Xu, Zhi-Hong
name: Chen, Wen-Qian
name: Bai, Shu-Nong
name: Liu, Cui
name: Chen, Xian
name: Li, Lin-Chen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The differentiation of hair (H) and non-hair (N) cells in the Arabidopsis thaliana root epidermis is dependent on positional relationships with underlying cortical cells. We previously found that histone acetylation relays positional information and that a mutant altered in the histone deacetylase gene family member HISTONE DEACETYLASE 18 (HDA18) exhibits altered H and N epidermal cell patterning. Here, we report that HDA18 has in vitro histone deacetylase activity and that both mutation and overexpression of HDA18 led to cells at the N position having H fate. The HDA18 protein physically interacted with histones related to a specific group of kinase genes, which are demonstrated in this study to be components of a positional information relay system. Both down- and upregulation of HDA18 increased transcription of the targeted kinase genes. Interestingly, the acetylation levels of histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9), histone 3 lysine 14 (H3K14) and histone 3 lysine 18 (H3K18) at the kinase genes were differentially affected by down- or upregulation of HDA18, which explains why the transcription levels of the four HDA18-target kinase genes increased in all lines with altered HDA18 expression. Our results reveal the surprisingly complex mechanism by which HDA18 affects cellular patterning in Arabidopsis root epidermis.
ABCG Transporters Are Required for Suberin and Pollen Wall Extracellular Barriers in Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Ranathunge, K.
name: Molina, I.
name: Rothstein, S. J.
name: Yadav, V.
name: Reed, J. W.
name: Castillo, I. Q.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Effective regulation of water balance in plants requires localized extracellular barriers that control water and solute movement. We describe a clade of five Arabidopsis thaliana ABCG half-transporters that are required for synthesis of an effective suberin barrier in roots and seed coats (ABCG2, ABCG6, and ABCG20) and for synthesis of an intact pollen wall (ABCG1 and ABCG16). Seed coats of abcg2 abcg6 abcg20 triple mutant plants had increased permeability to tetrazolium red and decreased suberin content. The root system of triple mutant plants was more permeable to water and salts in a zone complementary to that affected by the Casparian strip. Suberin of mutant roots and seed coats had distorted lamellar structure and reduced proportions of aliphatic components. Root wax from the mutant was deficient in alkylhydroxycinnamate esters. These mutant plants also had few lateral roots and precocious secondary growth in primary roots. abcg1 abcg16 double mutants defective in the other two members of the clade had pollen with defects in the nexine layer of the tapetum-derived exine pollen wall and in the pollen-derived intine layer. Mutant pollen collapsed at the time of anther desiccation. These mutants reveal transport requirements for barrier synthesis as well as physiological and developmental consequences of barrier deficiency.
Inferring epidemiological dynamics with Bayesian coalescent inference: The merits of deterministic and stochastic models
Creators: name: Popinga, Alex
name: Vaughan, Tim
name: Stadler, Tanja
name: Drummond, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Estimation of epidemiological and population parameters from molecular sequence data has become central to the understanding of infectious disease dynamics. Various models have been proposed to infer details of the dynamics that describe epidemic progression. These include inference approaches derived from Kingman's coalescent theory. Here, we use recently described coalescent theory for epidemic dynamics to develop stochastic and deterministic coalescent SIR tree priors. We implement these in a Bayesian phylogenetic inference framework to permit joint estimation of SIR epidemic parameters and the sample genealogy. We assess the performance of the two coalescent models and also juxtapose results obtained with BDSIR, a recently published birth-death-sampling model for epidemic inference. Comparisons are made by analyzing sets of genealogies simulated under precisely known epidemiological parameters. Additionally, we analyze influenza A (H1N1) sequence data sampled in the Canterbury region of New Zealand and HIV-1 sequence data obtained from known UK infection clusters. We show that both coalescent SIR models are effective at estimating epidemiological parameters from data with large fundamental reproductive number $R_0$ and large population size $S_0$. Furthermore, we find that the stochastic variant generally outperforms its deterministic counterpart in terms of error, bias, and highest posterior density coverage, particularly for smaller $R_0$ and $S_0$. However, each of these inference models are shown to have undesirable properties in certain circumstances, especially for epidemic outbreaks with $R_0$ close to one or with small effective susceptible populations.
description: Submitted
High-Resolution Transcript Profiling of the Atypical Biotrophic Interaction between Theobroma cacao and the Fungal Pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa
Creators: name: Mondego, Jorge Maurício Costa
name: do Prado, Paula Favoretti Vital
name: Fiorin, Gabriel Lorencini
name: Pereira, Gonçalo Amarante Guimarães
name: José, Juliana
name: Negri, Victor Augusti
name: Teixeira, Paulo José Pereira Lima
name: do Rio, Maria Carolina Scatolin
name: Mieczkowski, Piotr
name: Thomazella, Daniela Paula de Toledo
name: Reis, Osvaldo
name: Costa, Gustavo Gilson Lacerda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Witches’ broom disease (WBD), caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Moniliophthora perniciosa, is one of the most devastating diseases of Theobroma cacao, the chocolate tree. In contrast to other hemibiotrophic interactions, the WBD biotrophic stage lasts for months and is responsible for the most distinctive symptoms of the disease, which comprise drastic morphological changes in the infected shoots. Here, we used the dual RNA-seq approach to simultaneously assess the transcriptomes of cacao and M. perniciosa during their peculiar biotrophic interaction. Infection with M. perniciosa triggers massive metabolic reprogramming in the diseased tissues. Although apparently vigorous, the infected shoots are energetically expensive structures characterized by the induction of ineffective defense responses and by a clear carbon deprivation signature. Remarkably, the infection culminates in the establishment of a senescence process in the host, which signals the end of the WBD biotrophic stage. We analyzed the pathogen’s transcriptome in unprecedented detail and thereby characterized the fungal nutritional and infection strategies during WBD and identified putative virulence effectors. Interestingly, M. perniciosa biotrophic mycelia develop as long-term parasites that orchestrate changes in plant metabolism to increase the availability of soluble nutrients before plant death. Collectively, our results provide unique insight into an intriguing tropical disease and advance our understanding of the development of (hemi)biotrophic plant-pathogen interactions.