cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Financial Settlements of Defaulting Irrigation Enterprises
Creators: name: Hutchins, Wells A.
name: Hutchins, Wells A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1929
Subjects: Financial Economics
Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: This bulletin presents the results of a study of debt settlements of 37 irrigation projects which had defaulted in payment of obligations, in addition to a number of others on which plans of settlement for various reasons have not been put into effect. The organizations studied included both district and private companies. Some of the settlements considered were concluded or at least initiated prior to the World War, but operations on most of them have been carried on wholly or partly at various times during the last 10 years. The records are too voluminous, and many details are peculiar to individual projects. The bulletin is therefore presented in two parts: (1) A topical discussion, designed to set forth principles derived from the operation of 37 refinancing or settlement plans in such a way that they can be grasped without confusion caused by a mass of accompanying details; (2) brief summaries of 13 typical settlements, in which all details essential to an understanding of the situation are included.
Exploring Diversity in Back Translation for Low-Resource Machine Translation
Creators: name: Burchell, Laurie
name: Birch, Alexandra
name: Heafield, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Back translation is one of the most widely used methods for improving the performance of neural machine translation systems. Recent research has sought to enhance the effectiveness of this method by increasing the 'diversity' of the generated translations. We argue that the definitions and metrics used to quantify 'diversity' in previous work have been insufficient. This work puts forward a more nuanced framework for understanding diversity in training data, splitting it into lexical diversity and syntactic diversity. We present novel metrics for measuring these different aspects of diversity and carry out empirical analysis into the effect of these types of diversity on final neural machine translation model performance for low-resource English$\leftrightarrow$Turkish and mid-resource English$\leftrightarrow$Icelandic. Our findings show that generating back translation using nucleus sampling results in higher final model performance, and that this method of generation has high levels of both lexical and syntactic diversity. We also find evidence that lexical diversity is more important than syntactic for back translation performance.
Public DGS Corpus: Annotation Conventions / Öffentliches DGS-Korpus: Annotationskonventionen
Creators: name: Konrad, Reiner
name: Hanke, Thomas
name: Langer, Gabriele
name: König, Susanne
name: König, Lutz
name: Nishio, Rie
name: Regen, Anja
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Internal working paper for work package 03 “Transkriptionsmethodik / Transcription Methodology” produced in the DGS-Korpus project.
title: Novel routes to high performance lithium-ion batteries
Creators: name: Drewett, Nicholas E.
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2013

description: This thesis investigates several approaches to the development of high-performance batteries. A general background to the field and an introduction to the experimental methods used are given in Chapters 1 and 2 respectively. Chapter 3 presents a study of ordered and disordered LiNi₀.₅Mn₁.₅O₄ materials produced using an optimised resorcinol-formaldehyde gel (R-F gel) synthetic technique. Both materials exhibited good electrochemical properties and minimal side reaction with the electrolyte. Structural analyses of the materials in various states of discharge and charge were undertaken, and from these the charge / discharge processes were elucidated. In chapter 4 R-F gel synthesised Li(Ni₁/₃Mn₁/₃Co₁/₃)O₂ is studied and found to exhibit a high degree of structural stability on cycling, as well as excellent capacity, cyclability and rate capability. Photoelectron spectroscopy studies revealed that the R-F gel derived particles have highly stable surfaces. A discussion of the results and their significance, with particular regard to the outstanding electrochemical performance observed, is also presented. Chapter 5 sets out an investigation into the nature of R-F gel synthesised 0.5Li₂MnO₃:0.5LiNi₁/₃Mn₁/₃Co₁/₃O₂. The electrochemical data revealed that, after an initial activation stage, the R-F gel derived material exhibited a high capacity, good cyclability and exceptional rate capability. This chapter also considers some initial structural investigations and the electrochemical processes occurring on charge. In chapter 6 the use of ether-based electrolytes, combined with various cathode materials, in lithium-oxygen batteries is examined. The formation of decomposition products was observed, and a scheme suggesting probable reaction pathways is given. It was noted that significant quantities of the desired discharge product, lithium peroxide, were formed on the 1st cycle discharge, implying some electrolyte / cathode combinations do demonstrate a degree of stability. A summary of the results and a discussion of their significance are also included.
Art exscapus L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. exscapus L. Cat. 75. Die Standorte sind trockene Nadelwälder(besondersFöhren-und Lärchenwälder)und Trockenwiesen. Jetzt aus der Nordkette auch aus Distr. 2 bekannt. Bis etwa 2100 m. 2: Zwischen Hohtenn und der Alp Tatz, mehrfach (Arbenz 1926, Thommen 1945 u. a.); Tälwald und Witternwald ob Ausserberg (Zwicky 1950 und später). - 3: Riddes (Besse, P.); Iserables (Besse); Riddes-Iserables (Terretaz); zwischen Prä Milon und Nax (Pannatier); Mase (idem); Combiola (idem); Combe ä Jacob südlich Grone (Thommen und Berset); Combe de Rechy (Marietan);Törbel(Stehler);beiZermatt auchneuerdingsbeobachtet(Christ,Bechereru. a.); EyholzwaldobEyholz (IVtantz);aufder Nordseitedes Simplon auch im Steinental (Binz). - 4: Binntal, neue Stellen: Binn-Imfeld (Binz, P.), am Eggerhorn ob dem Meili gegen den Sattel, etwa 2100 m (Binz). Forma scaposus Rchb.- 3: Schallbergam Simplon (Kleiner). Var. leiocarpus (Shuttlew.) H. Jaccard - Angegeben aus dem Mattertal; nicht wieder gefunden.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Parse completion : a study of an inductive domain
Creators: name: Nowlan, Steven J.
name: Artificial Intelligence And Psychology Project.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "Hierarchical knowledge structures are pervasive in Artificial Intelligence, yet very little is understood about how such structures may be effectively acquired. One way to represent the hierarchical component of knowledge structures is to use grammars. The grammar framework also provides a natural way to apply failure-driven learning to guide the induction of hierarchical knowledge structures. The conjunction of hierarchical knowledge structures and failure-driven learning defines a class of algorithms, which we call Parse Completion algorithms.This paper presents a theoretical exploration of this class that attempts to understand what makes this induction problem difficult, and to suggest where appropriate biases might lie to limit the search without overly restricting the richness of discoverable solutions. The explorations in this paper are not intended to produce a practical induction algorithm, although fruitful paths for such development are suggested."
The robustness of democratic consensus
Creators: name: Fagnani, Fabio
name: Delvenne, Jean-Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In linear models of consensus dynamics, the state of the various agents converges to a value which is a convex combination of the agents' initial states. We call it democratic if in the large scale limit (number of agents going to infinity) the vector of convex weights converges to 0 uniformly. Democracy is a relevant property which naturally shows up when we deal with opinion dynamic models and cooperative algorithms such as consensus over a network: it says that each agent's measure/opinion is going to play a negligeable role in the asymptotic behavior of the global system. It can be seen as a relaxation of average consensus, where all agents have exactly the same weight in the final value, which becomes negligible for a large number of agents.
description: 13 pages, 2 figs
title: Using shotgun metagenomics to explore the effects of HIV infection on the longitudinal nasopharyngeal microbiome of Malawian adults
Creators: name: Busby, Joseph
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: People living with HIV are more likely to suffer from respiratory tract infections, including bacterial pneumonia, which can occur either on its own or as a secondary infection following respiratory viral infections. The nasopharynx is home to a microbial community collectively referred to as the nasopharyngeal microbiome (NPM). Many potential pathogens are carried asymptomatically in the nasopharynx in a proportion of the population, but their overgrowth and spread to the lungs can cause pneumonia. Therefore, the NPM can either repel pathogens or act as a reservoir for them to proliferate and spread to the lungs. We proposed that there may be differences in the NPM of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals, and that this might contribute to the increased risk of bacterial pneumonia associated with HIV infection. To characterise the NPM, we carried out DNA and RNA shotgun sequencing on nasopharyngeal swab samples and processed them through a custom metagenomics pipeline that calculated the relative abundance of microbial species in each sample. We analysed the NPM of 10 HIV infected individuals (cases) and 6 HIV uninfected-individuals (controls) at 3 timepoints: baseline, 1 month and 9 months. This study represented the first attempt to study the NPM in HIV-infected individuals. Analysis with PERMANOVA showed that on average, NPM composition was significantly different depending on HIV status. We found that the relative abundance of the genera Cutibacterium and Pahexavirus were significantly lower in cases than controls, and that this was driven by bacteriophages from the Pahexavirus genus and their bacterial host Cutibacterium acnes. Diversity analysis identified that the NPM of cases was less stable over time, had lower viral richness and higher bacterial evenness. These diversity measurements could all be at least partially attributed to differing abundance of Pahexavirus and Cutibacterium between cases and controls. We proposed that C. acnes might act as an immunomodulator in the NPM, however this would require further study to confirm. This study also served as a proof of concept of using shotgun metagenomics to profile the NPM, where the microbial community is much less dense than in the gut. Contaminant human sequences were a major issue for the DNA and RNA datasets that limited the scope of our analysis, even when steps were taken to deplete human sequences prior to sequencing. The compositional nature of sequence data also caused issues for analysis. The detection and quantification of relationships between microbes can be improved by quantifying the absolute abundances of microbes, instead of using their relative abundances. We proposed steps that future studies could take to further reduce human contamination and to quantify the absolute abundances of microbial species in their samples.
title: Investigating electro- and sonoelectro-oxidation processes for sustainability on Earth and the exploration of space
Creators: name: McHugh, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: In recent years, there has been an explosion in the adoption of electrochemical methods for tackling many of the environmental issues we face in modern society. This electrochemical approach encompasses a range of highly tuneable techniques which often remove the need for harmful chemicals and high temperatures. In this thesis, we will examine how electrochemistry can be utilised for the development of “green” processes based on electrooxidation. Demonstrating the versatility of these techniques the work herein covers a wide range of fields, the results from which can have consequences stretching from removal of pollutants from water to future space travel. Chapter 1 provides context to the research in chapters 3 to 5; namely in introducing the motivations and current state of research behind the development of anion exchange membrane electrolysers as a clean energy solution, the implementation of electrolysis systems in space missions, and the use of combined sono-electrochemical methods for water decontamination. In Chapter 2, the experimental techniques behind the research in this thesis is reported. Chapter 3 reports the development of a novel anion-exchange membrane electrolyser, and its use in the electrochemical degradation of the naturally occurring polymer, lignin. The performance of the membrane, a co-polymer of dehydrofluorinated poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) with (vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride and Nvinylimidazole, was benchmarked against a commercial equivalent yielding comparable results. In Chapter 4, we report an investigation into the efficiency of oxygen-evolving electrolysis at gravity levels between 0 and 1 g. The data collected from this experiment, carried out as part of the European Space Agency’s Fly Your Thesis programme, is the first study to examine the efficiency of this process at gravitational fields equal to that of the Moon and Mars. This process was tested not just at reduced gravity levels but also at those exceeding Earth’s gravity, finding that results collected in hypergravity can be extrapolated to predict the performance of the procedure in microgravity. In Chapter 5 we revisit the work introduced in Chapter 1 with an investigation in to the sonoelectrochemical degradation of the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac. Coupling low-frequency sonication with electrolysis performed using a Pt/Ti anode, a degradation removal efficiency of 64% under optimal conditions was achieved. Comparison of this method with non-coupled electrolytic and sonolytic degradation indicated that at 80 kHz, there was a strong synergistic effect.
Partial Order Reductions for Security Protocol Verification
Creators: name: Clarke, Edmund M
name: Somesh  Jha
name: Marrero, Will
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we explore partial order reduction that make the task of verifying cryptographic protocols more efficient. These reduction techniques have been implemented in our tool Brutus. Although we have implemented several reduction techniques in our tool Brutus, due to space restrictions in this paper we only focus on partial order reductions. Partial order reductions have proved very useful in the domain of model checking reactive systems. These reductions are not directly applicable in our context because of  additional complications caused by tracking knowledge of various agents. We present partial order reductions in the context of verifying security protocols and prove their correctness. Experimental results showing the benefits of  this reduction technique are also presented.
Stochastic Optimal and Time-Optimal Control Studies for Additional Food provided prey-predator Systems involving Holling Type-III Functional Response
Creators: name: Prakash, D. Bhanu
name: Vamsi, D. K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper consists of a detailed and novel stochastic optimal control analysis of a coupled non-linear dynamical system. The state equations are modeled as additional food provided prey-predator system with Holling Type-III functional response for predator and intra-specific competition among predators. We firstly discuss the optimal control problem as a Lagrangian problem with a linear quadratic control. Secondly we consider an optimal control problem in the time-optimal control setting. Stochastic maximum principle is used for establishing the existence of optimal controls for both these problems. Numerical simulations are performed based on stochastic forward-backward sweep methods for realizing the theoretical findings. The results obtained in these optimal control problems are discussed in the context of biological conservation and pest management.
Polynomial integrality gaps for strong SDP relaxations of Densest k-subgraph
Creators: name: Bhaskara, Aditya
name: Charikar, Moses
name: Venkatesan  Guruswami
name: Aravindan  Vijayaraghavan
name: Zhou, Yuan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Densest k-subgraph problem (i.e. find a size k subgraph with maximum number of edges), is one of the notorious problems in approximation algorithms. There is a significant gap between known upper and lower bounds for Densest k-subgraph: the current best algorithm gives an ≈ O(n1/4) approximation, while even showing a small constant factor hardness requires significantly stronger assumptions than P ≠ NP. In addition to interest in designing better algorithms, a number of recent results have exploited the conjectured hardness of Densest k-subgraph and its variants. Thus, understanding the approximability of Densest k-subgraph is an important challenge.
In this work, we give evidence for the hardness of approximating Densest k-subgraph within polynomial factors. Specifically we expose the limitations of strong semidefinite programs from SDP hierarchies in solving Densest k-subgraph. Our results include:

A lower bound of Ω(n1/4/log3 n) on the integrality gap for Ω(log n / log log n) rounds of the Sherali-Adams relaxation for Densest k-subgraph. This also holds for the relaxation obtained from Sherali-Adams with an added SDP constraint. Our gap instances are in fact Erdös-Renyi random graphs.

For every ∊ > 0, a lower bound of n2/53 − ∊ on the integrality gap of nΩ(∊) rounds of the Lasserre SDP relaxation for Densest k-subgraph, and an nΩ∊(1) gap for n1−∊ rounds. Our construction proceeds via a reduction from random instances of a certain Max-CSP over large domains.

In the absence of inapproximability results for Densest k-subgraph, our results show that beating a factor of nΩ(1) is a barrier for even the most powerful SDPs, and in fact even beating the best known n1/4 factor is a barrier for current techniques.
Our results indicate that approximating Densest k-subgraph within a polynomial factor might be a harder problem than Unique Games or Small Set Expansion, since these problems were recently shown to be solvable using n∊ω(1) rounds of the Lasserre hierarchy where ∊ is the completeness parameter in Unique Games and Small Set Expansion.
title: Subsonic open cavity flows and their control using steady jets
Creators: name: Al Haddabi, Naser Hamood
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Aerospace, flow control, cavity flow.

description: Cavity ﬂow induces strong ﬂow oscillations, which increase noise, drag, vibration, and structural fatigue. This type of ﬂow impacts a wide range of low speed applications, such as aircraft wheel wells, ground transportations, and pipelines. The objective of the current study is to examine the reverse ﬂow interaction inside the cavity, which has a signiﬁcant impact on the cavity ﬂow oscillations. The study also investigates the impact of steady jets with diﬀerent-conﬁgurations on the time-average ﬁeld and the oscillations of the cavity separated shear layer. The purpose of the steady jets is suppressing the oscillations of the cavity separated shear layer. The experiments were performed for an open cavity with L/D = 4 at Reθ between 1.28×103 to 4.37×103. The steady jets were applied with diﬀerent: momentum ﬂuxes (J = 0.11 kg/m.s2,0.44 kg/m.s2 and 0.96 kg/m.s2), slot conﬁgurations (sharp edge and coanda), and blowing locations (blowing from the cavity leading and trailing edges). The data were acquired using qualitative (surface oil ﬂow visualisation) and quantitative (hot-wire anemometry, laser Doppler anemometry, particle image velocimetry, and pressure measurements) ﬂow diagnostics techniques. The study found that a low-frequency instability dominates the velocity spectra of the cavity separated shear layer. This instability decreases with increasing Reθ and is related to the reverse ﬂow interaction. This interaction takes place when the reverse ﬂow inﬂuences the sensitive separation point of the cavity separated shear layer. As a result, a large amplitude ﬂapping wave is generated and propagates downstream of the cavity separated shear. It was also revealed that increasing J for the leading and trailing edges blowing enhances the reverse ﬂow interaction and increases the broadband level of the unsteady wall pressure spectra. Thus, these types of jet blowing are not suitable for controlling the oscillations of the cavity separated shear layer.
Additional file 1 of Global prevalence and species diversity of tick-borne pathogens in buffaloes worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: El-Alfy, El-Sayed
name: Abbas, Ibrahim
name: Elseadawy, Rana
name: Saleh, Somaya
name: Elmishmishy, Bassem
name: El-Sayed, Shimaa Abd El-Salam
name: Rizk, Mohamed Abdo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Study characteristics of tick-borne pathogen surveys in buffaloes worldwide.
Isotropic matroids II: Circle graphs
Creators: name: Brijder, Robert
name: Traldi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C31

description: We present several characterizations of circle graphs, which follow from Bouchet's circle graph obstructions theorem.
description: 39 pages, 16 figures
Poa alpina L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Rh. alpina L. Cat. 63. Bis 2040 m: ob Fully (Gams Lit. 1927b, S. 182),] l: Ob Muraz (Oberli); Vernayaz (Closuit); Salvan (J.); Barberine (Exk. Soc. Murith.); Outre- Rhône (Gams). - 2:Ob Fully (vgl. vorstehend); ob Ayent (Mariétan); Crans (Beauverd); Albinen (Mariétan). - 3: Ob Chippis (Mariétan); Les Pontis im Val d'Anniviers (Sulger). Forma cordata Timbal - l: Gueuroz (Closuit).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Multi-qubit time-varying quantum channels for NISQ-era superconducting quantum processors
Creators: name: Martinez, Josu Etxezarreta
name: Fuentes, Patricio
name: iOlius, Antonio deMarti
name: Garcia-Frías, Javier
name: Fonollosa, Javier Rodríguez
name: Crespo, Pedro M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental studies have shown that the relaxation time ($T_1$) and the dephasing time ($T_2$) of superconducting qubits fluctuate considerably over time. To appropriately consider this time-varying nature of the $T_1$ and $T_2$ parameters, a new class of quantum channels, known as Time-Varying Quantum Channels (TVQCs), has been proposed. In previous works, realizations of multi-qubit TVQCs have been assumed to be equal for all the qubits of an error correction block, implying that the random variables that describe the fluctuations of $T_1$ and $T_2$ are block-to-block uncorrelated, but qubit-wise perfectly correlated for the same block. Physically, the fluctuations of these decoherence parameters are explained by the incoherent coupling of the qubits with unstable near-resonant two-level-systems (TLS), which indicates that such variations may be local to each of the qubits of the system. In this article, we perform a correlation analysis of the fluctuations of the relaxation times of multi-qubit quantum processors ibmq\_quito, ibmq\_belem, ibmq\_lima, ibmq\_santiago and ibmq\_bogota. Our results show that it is reasonable to assume that the fluctuations of the relaxation and dephasing times of superconducting qubits are local to each of the qubits of the system. Based on these results, we discuss the multi-qubit TVQCs when the fluctuations of the decoherence parameters for an error correction block are qubit-wise uncorrelated (as well as from block-to-block), a scenario we have named the Fast Time-Varying Quantum Channel (FTVQC). Furthermore, we lower bound the quantum capacity of general FTVQCs based on a quantity we refer to as the ergodic quantum capacity. Finally, we use numerical simulations to study the performance of quantum error correction codes (QECC) when they operate over FTVQCs.
description: 21 pages
The Spitzer mid-infrared AGN survey. II-the demographics and cosmic evolution of the AGN population
Creators: name: Lacy, Mark
name: Ridgway, Susan E.
name: Sajina, Anna
name: Petric, Andreea O.
name: Gates, Elinor L.
name: Urrutia, Tanya
name: Storrie-Lombardi, Lisa J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present luminosity functions derived from a spectroscopic survey of AGN selected from Spitzer Space Telescope imaging surveys. Selection in the mid-infrared is significantly less affected by dust obscuration. We can thus compare the luminosity functions of the obscured and unobscured AGN in a more reliable fashion than by using optical or X-ray data alone. We find that the AGN luminosity function can be well described by a broken power-law model in which the break luminosity decreases with redshift. At high redshifts ($z>1.6$), we find significantly more AGN at a given bolometric luminosity than found by either optical quasar surveys or hard X-ray surveys. The fraction of obscured AGN decreases rapidly with increasing AGN luminosity, but, at least at high redshifts, appears to remain at $\approx 50$\% even at bolometric luminosities $\sim 10^{14}L_{\odot}$. The data support a picture in which the obscured and unobscured populations evolve differently, with some evidence that high luminosity obscured quasars peak in space density at a higher redshift than their unobscured counterparts. The amount of accretion energy in the Universe estimated from this work suggests that AGN contribute about 12\% to the total radiation intensity of the Universe, and a high radiative accretion efficiency $\approx 0.18^{+0.12}_{-0.07}$ is required to match current estimates of the local mass density in black holes.
description: 14 pages, accepted by ApJ
Heavy Quarkonia and Bc-Mesons in the Cornell Potential with Harmonic Oscillator Potential in the N-dimensional Schrodinger Equation
Creators: name: Abu-Shady, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy quarkonia, Bc-meson, and CS-meson masses are calculated within the framework of the N-dimensional radial Schrodinger equation. The Cornell potential is extended by including the harmonic oscillator potential. The energy eigenvalues and the corresponding wave functions are calculated in the N-dimensional space using the Nikiforov-Uvarov (NV) method. The energy eigenvalues are obtained in the three-dimensional space. The mass of spectra of charmonium, bottomonium, and mesons are calculated. The effect of dimensionality number on the mass of quarkonium is investigated. A comparison with other theoretical approaches is discussed. The obtained results are in good agreement with experimental data. We conclude that the dimensionality number plays an important role in studying the spectra of quarkonium masses. The modified Cornell potential provides a good description of the spectra of quarkonium masses.
description: 5 pages, 3 Tables
Primordial black holes from an inflationary potential valley
Creators: name: Gu, Bao-Min
name: Shu, Fu-Wen
name: Yang, Ke
name: Zhang, Yu-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes (PBHs) could be formed if large perturbations are generated on small scales in inflation. We study a toy inflation model with a local minimum. The curvature perturbations are enhanced when the inflaton passes through the local minimum, with more efficient amplification rate than that of quasi-inflection point inflation, leading to the production of PBHs on small scales. The PBHs could comprise the total dark matter in the mass window $10^{16}$--$10^{20}$g.
description: 7 pages,4 figures
title: A critical analysis of the 1949-1953 Lewis Revival
Creators: name: Afrin, Norman Alistair
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 1949-1953 Lewis Revival, Duncan Campbell, revival, conversion, theology, church history, awakening.

description: This thesis provides a critical analysis of the 1949–1953 Lewis revival, engaging with the diverse narratives, the cultural context in which the revival was situated, the range of oppositions voiced against the revival, and also the significance of Duncan Campbell and his contribution to events. A close study of Campbell is essential because he was a central, albeit controversial, figure in the development of the revival. This thesis concludes that because of Campbell’s interpretation of the revival, rooted in his peculiar theological framework, both he and the revival have become contested space. The conclusion has been drawn that many, both those in favour of the Campbell along with those who opposed him, have interpreted the revival through the lens of interpretation provided by Campbell. This has confused historical assessments of the revival. Therefore, this thesis concludes that for historical clarity of the revival, and its impactful nature, Campbell and the revival must not be viewed as synonymous.
Geometric Progression-Free Sequences with Small Gaps
Creators: name: He, Xiaoyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Various authors, including McNew, Nathanson and O'Bryant, have recently studied the maximal asymptotic density of a geometric progression free sequence of positive integers. In this paper we prove the existence of geometric progression free sequences with small gaps, partially answering a question posed originally by Beiglböck et al. Using probabilistic methods we prove the existence of a sequence $T$ not containing any $6$-term geometric progressions such that for any $x\geq1$ and $\varepsilon>0$ the interval $[x,x+C_{\varepsilon}\exp((C+\varepsilon)\log x/\log\log x)]$ contains an element of $T$, where $C=\frac{5}{6}\log2$ and $C_{\varepsilon}>0$ is a constant depending on $\varepsilon$. As an intermediate result we prove a bound on sums of functions of the form $f(n)=\exp(-d_{k}(n))$ in very short intervals, where $d_{k}(n)$ is the number of positive $k$-th powers dividing $n$, using methods similar to those that Filaseta and Trifonov used to prove bounds on the gaps between $k$-th power free integers.
Construction of heteroclinic networks in $\mathbb{R}^4$
Creators: name: Lohse, Alexander
name: Castro, Sofia B. S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C37, 37C80, 37C75

description: We study heteroclinic networks in $\mathbb{R}^4$, made of a certain type of simple robust heteroclinic cycle. In simple cycles all the connections are of saddle-sink type in two-dimensional fixed-point spaces. We show that there exist only very few ways to join such cycles together in a network and provide the list of all possible such networks in $\mathbb{R}^4$. The networks involving simple heteroclinic cycles of type A are new in the literature and we describe the stability of the cycles in these networks: while the geometry of type A and type B networks is very similar, stability distinguishes them clearly.
description: appears in Nonlinearity 29, 2016
Economic Driven Cultural Change through Faunal Analysis: Villa de Vilauba
Creators: name: Tardio, Katie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This thesis examines the participation of the Villa de Vilauba, located in the Roman province of Hispania Citerior, in the Roman economic system as assessed through the analysis of faunal assemblages from the first to the fifth centuries CE. The faunal assemblages of the villa are contextualized within their regional economic context and compared to the faunal record from the region of Roman Tarraconensis, and more widely, the rest of the province of Hispania. This allows the author to gauge the effect of the Roman conquest on livestock production within the villa, and on the region more broadly. Focusing on the three main domestic livestock types of the ancient Mediterranean (ovicaprine, pigs, and cattle), it is concluded that villa owners actively determined what fauna they would incorporate into their estates and in doing so they choose to incorporate Roman foodways and husbandry with their own.
title: Engineering chimaeric recombinases for HIV-1 proviral DNA excision
Creators: name: Abioye, Jumai Adeola
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chimaeric recombinase, genome editing, recombination, synthetic biology, protein engineering, bioengineering, molecular biology.

description: ‘Cutting out’ HIV-1 proviral DNA could potentially cure a person of the infection. Genome editing approaches have been proffered for eradicating the provirus in infected persons by activating all latent viral reservoirs for further antiretroviral therapy or for the excision of the proviral DNA from memory T- cells. Previous approaches to do this have used nuclease-based tools or reprogrammed tyrosine recombinases; the former presenting unpredictable therapeutic outcomes and the latter, lengthy design time for newer tool variants if viral mutability erodes their effectiveness. Unlike nuclease-based tools that only cut DNA and rely on host-mediated repair mechanisms, chimaeric recombinases (CRs) cut DNA and carry the inherent ability to re-ligate cut ends at the cleavage site. The modular domain architecture of small serine recombinases can be redesigned to mediate site-specific recombination on non-cognate sites, by replacing the C-terminal DNA binding domains (DBDs) of serine recombinases with programmable DBDs such as Zinc Finger (ZF) proteins, TAL effector proteins and CRISPR-dCas9. For HIV-1 proviral DNA excision, CR requirement for the interaction of two recombinase-bound sites, and the lack of necessity for host cell-encoded factors should maximize the fidelity and efficiency of provirus removal. In this work, the engineering and characterization of CRs with the specificity to recognize and promote site-specific recombination at highly conserved regions within the HIV-1 proviral DNA is explored. This research provides a solid proof-of-concept for the use of CRs to target divergent novel target sequences, expanding their applicability for applied genome editing and wider biotechnological applications.
Sium libanotis
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: S.Libanotis (L.) Koch (Libanotis montana Crantz) ssp. eu-Libanotis Thell. Cat. 164. Var. genuinum Gren. et Godron- l: Grammont (Briquet Lit.1900,S. 58). Var. pyrenaicum (L.) Briq. (var. daucifolium [DC.] Gren. et Godron) - Seit langem bekannt aus Distr. 3a (Simplonsüdseite) und Distr.4 (Binntal) (vgl. Cat.); keine neuen Fundorte gemeldet.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Further results on outer independent $2$-rainbow dominating functions of graphs
Creators: name: Samadi, Babak
name: Soltankhah, Nasrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a graph. A function $f:V(G)\rightarrow \mathbb{P}(\{1,2\})$ is a $2$-rainbow dominating function if for every vertex $v$ with $f(v)=\emptyset$, $f\big{(}N(v)\big{)}=\{1,2\}$. An outer-independent $2$-rainbow dominating function (OI$2$RD function) of $G$ is a $2$-rainbow dominating function $f$ for which the set of all $v\in V(G)$ with $f(v)=\emptyset$ is independent. The outer independent $2$-rainbow domination number (OI$2$RD number) $γ_{oir2}(G)$ is the minimum weight of an OI$2$RD function of $G$. In this paper, we first prove that $n/2$ is a lower bound on the OI$2$RD number of a connected claw-free graph of order $n$ and characterize all such graphs for which the equality holds, solving an open problem given in an earlier paper. In addition, a study of this parameter for some graph products is carried out. In particular, we give a closed (resp. an exact) formula for the OI$2$RD number of rooted (resp. corona) product graphs and prove upper bounds on this parameter for the Cartesian product and direct product of two graphs.
Black to Blue and White to Fright: Examining the Importance of Minority Representation for Racial Profiling in Policing
Creators: name: Roach, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: What role does racial diversity in police agencies have on racially discriminatory practices? This paper will focus on the link between police agency demographics and racially discriminatory policing. I will argue that a more diverse police force can in fact make racial discrimination worse. Minority officers undergo organizational socialization, a process by which new members of an organization are taught the organization’s values in place of their own. This process affects the link between demographic representation and policy outputs in policing, but this effect depends on the racial composition of the jurisdiction in question, with the effect being higher in cities with a low minority population. I will also consider the reaction of bureaucrats who belong to a racial majority to a diversifying workplace. Minority threat theory suggests that majority group members will react negatively to a growing minority population, increasing racial disparities. This relationship will be mediated by the racial composition of the jurisdiction as well, with the effect being more prominent in cities with a small minority population. I test these arguments using a newly collected database of traffic stop outcomes, from which I create an index for racial discriminatory practices in a given police department. I find that the effect of increasing diversity in police forces interacts with the share of Black population in the city they serve. In line with my expectations, I find that in cities with a small Black population, increasing the diversity of the police force is associated with more racial disparities; in cities with a large minority population, new minority officers have no effect on racial disparities. I then discuss the implications of these findings and future avenues of research.
Parse completion : a study of an inductive domain
Creators: name: Nowlan, Steven J.
name: Carnegie Mellon University.Dept. Of Psychology.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "Hierarchical knowledge structures are pervasive in Artificial Intelligence, yet very little is understood about how such structures may be effectively acquired. One way to represent the hierarchical component of knowledge structures is to use grammars. The grammar framework also provides a natural way to apply failure-driven learning to guide the induction of hierarchical knowledge structures. The conjunction of hierarchical knowledge structures and failure-driven learning defines a class of algorithms, which we call Parse Completion algorithms.This paper presents a theoretical explanation of this class that attepts to understand what makes this induction problem difficult, and to suggest where appropriate biases might lie to limit the search without overly restricting the richness of discoverable solutions. The explorations in this paper are not intended to produce a practical induction algorithm, although fruitful paths for such development are suggested."
Memory efficient Fock-space recursion scheme for computing many-fermion resolvents
Creators: name: Prabhakar
name: Mukherjee, Anamitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental roadblock to the exact numerical solution of many-fermion problems is the exponential growth of the Hilbert space with system size. It manifests as extreme dynamical memory and computation-time requirements for simulating many-fermion processes. Here we construct a novel reorganization of the Hilbert space to establish that the exponential growth of dynamical-memory requirement is suppressed inversely with system size in our approach. Consequently, the state-of-the-art resolvent computation can be performed with substantially less memory. The memory-efficiency does not rely on Hamiltonian symmetries, sparseness, or boundary conditions and requires no additional memory to handle long-range density-density interaction and hopping. We provide examples calculations of interacting fermion ground state energy, the many-fermion density of states and few-body excitations in interacting ground states in one and two dimensions.
Multilayer network analysis to study complex inter-subsystem interactions in a turbulent thermoacoustic system
Creators: name: Tandon, Shruti
name: Sujith, Raman I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoacoustic systems are complex systems where the interactions between the hydrodynamic, acoustic and heat release rate fluctuations lead to diverse dynamics such as chaos, intermittency, and ordered dynamics. Such complex interactions cause catastrophically high-amplitude acoustic pressure oscillations and the emergence of order in the spatio-temporal dynamics, referred to as thermoacoustic instability. In this work, we use multilayer networks to study the spatial pattern of inter-subsystem interactions between the vorticity dynamics and thermoacoustic power generated due to acoustically-coupled combustion in a bluff-body stabilized turbulent dump combustor. We construct a two-layered network where the layers represent the thermoacoustic power and vorticity fields. The inter-layer links are determined using cross-variable short-window correlations between vorticity and thermoacoustic power fluctuations at any two locations in the flow field. Analyzing the topology of inter-layer networks, using network properties such as degree correlations and link-rank distributions, helps us infer the spatial inhomogeneities in inter-subsystem interactions and unravel the fluid mechanical processes involved during different dynamical states. We show that, during chaotic dynamics, interactions between subsystems are non-localized and spread throughout the flow field of the combustor. During the state of thermoacoustic instability (order), we find that intense interactions occur in between regions of coherent vortex shedding and thermoacoustic power generation and we understand that these processes are strongly and locally coupled. Moreover, we discover that such dense inter-layer connections emerge in spatial pockets in the dump plane of the combustor during the state of intermittency much prior to the onset of order.
Relative Squared Distances to a Conic Berserkless 8-Connected Midpoint Algorithm
Creators: name: Huypens, Valere
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3.3; I.3.5; I.3.7; B.7.1
subject: 68U05, 65D18

description: The midpoint method or technique is a measurement and as each measurement it has a tolerance, but worst of all it can be invalid, called Out-of-Control or OoC. The core of all midpoint methods is the accurate measurement of the difference of the squared distances of two points to the polar of their midpoint with respect to the conic. When this measurement is valid, it also measures the difference of the squared distances of these points to the conic, although it may be inaccurate, called Out-of-Accuracy or OoA. The primary condition is the necessary and sufficient condition that a measurement is valid. It is comletely new and it can be checked ultra fast and before the actual measurement starts. Modeling an incremental algorithm, shows that the curve must be subdivided into piecewise monotonic sections, the start point must be optimal, and it explains that the 2D-incremental method can find, locally, the global Least Square Distance. Locally means that there are at most three candidate points for a given monotonic direction; therefore the 2D-midpoint method has, locally, at most three measurements. When all the possible measurements are invalid, the midpoint method cannot be applied, and in that case the ultra fast OoC-rule selects the candidate point. This guarantees, for the first time, a 100% stable, ultra-fast, berserkless midpoint algorithm, which can be easily transformed to hardware.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, International Journal of Computer Graphics & Animation (IJCGA) Vol. 5, No. 1, January 2015