cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Central Limit Theorem for Random Walks on the Dual of a Compact Grassmannian
Creators: name: Rösler, Margit
name: Voit, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C52, 43A90, 60F05, 60B15, 43A62, 33C80, 33C67

description: We consider compact Grassmann manifolds $G/K$ over the real, complex or quaternionic numbers whose spherical functions are Heckman-Opdam polynomials of type $BC$. From an explicit integral representation of these polynomials we deduce a sharp Mehler-Heine formula, that is an approximation of the Heckman-Opdam polynomials in terms of Bessel functions, with a precise estimate on the error term. This result is used to derive a central limit theorem for random walks on the semi-lattice parametrizing the dual of $G/K$, which are constructed by successive decompositions of tensor powers of spherical representations of $G$. The limit is the distribution of a Laguerre ensemble in random matrix theory. Most results of this paper are established for a larger continuous set of multiplicity parameters beyond the group cases.
Investigation of behavior and plasma levels of corticosterone in restrictive- and ad libitum-fed diet-induced obese mice
Creators: name: Allweyer, Martin
name: Emde, Matthias
name: Bähr, Ina
name: Spielmann, Julia
name: Bieramperl, Philipp
name: Naujoks, Wiebke
name: Kielstein, Heike
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 599

description: Diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice models are commonly used to investigate obesity-related health problems. Until now, only sparse data exist on the influence of DIO on behavior and stress hormones in mice. The present study investigates high-fat DIO with two different feeding regimes on behavioral parameters in mice. Various behavioral tests (open field, elevated plus maze, social interaction, hotplate) were performed with female BALB/c and male C57BL/6 mice after a feeding period of twelve weeks (restrictive vs. ad libitum and normal-fat diet vs. high-fat diet) to investigate levels of anxiety and aggression. BALB/c mice were DIO-resistant and therefore the prerequisite for the behavior analyses was not attained. C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet had a significantly higher body weight and fat mass compared to C57BL/6 mice fed a control diet. Interestingly, the DIO C57BL/6 mice showed no changes in their aggression- or anxiety-related behavior but showed a significant change in the anxiety index. This was probably due to a lower activity level, as other ethological parameters did not show an altered anxiety-related behavior. In the ad libitum-fed DIO group, the highest corticosterone level was detected. Changes due to the feeding regime (restrictive vs. ad libitum) were not observed. These results provide a possible hint to a bias in the investigation of DIO-related health problems in laboratory animal experiments, which may be influenced by the lower activity level.
Bags of Affine Subspaces for Robust Object Tracking
Creators: name: Shirazi, Sareh
name: Sanderson, Conrad
name: McCool, Chris
name: Harandi, Mehrtash T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.10; I.4.8; I.5.4
subject: 14M15, 54B05

description: We propose an adaptive tracking algorithm where the object is modelled as a continuously updated bag of affine subspaces, with each subspace constructed from the object's appearance over several consecutive frames. In contrast to linear subspaces, affine subspaces explicitly model the origin of subspaces. Furthermore, instead of using a brittle point-to-subspace distance during the search for the object in a new frame, we propose to use a subspace-to-subspace distance by representing candidate image areas also as affine subspaces. Distances between subspaces are then obtained by exploiting the non-Euclidean geometry of Grassmann manifolds. Experiments on challenging videos (containing object occlusions, deformations, as well as variations in pose and illumination) indicate that the proposed method achieves higher tracking accuracy than several recent discriminative trackers.
description: in International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, 2015
Interplay of topological phases in magnetic adatom-chains on top of a Rashba superconducting surface
Creators: name: Heimes, Andreas
name: Mendler, Daniel
name: Kotetes, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the topological properties and the accessible Majorana fermion (MF) phases arising in a hybrid device consisting of a chain of magnetic adatoms placed on the surface of a conventional superconductor with Rashba spin-orbit coupling (SOC). By identifying the favored classical magnetic ground state of the adatom chain, we extract the corresponding phase diagram which exhibits an interplay of ferromagnetic (FM), antiferromagnetic (AFM) and spiral orders. We determine the parameter regime for which the FM or AFM phases dominate over the spiral and additionally become stable against thermal and quantum fluctuations. For the topological analysis we focus on the FM and AFM cases and employ a low-energy effective model relying on Shiba bound states. We find that for both magnetic patterns the hybrid system behaves as a topological superconductor which can harbor one or even two MFs per edge, due to chiral symmetry. As we show, the two magnetic orderings lead to qualitatively and quantitatively distinct topological features that are reflected in the spatial profile of the MF wavefunctions. Finally, we propose directions on how to experimentally access the diverse MF phases by varying the adatom spacing, the SOC strength, or the magnetic moment of the adatoms in consideration.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures
IGF2BP1 promotes proliferation of neuroendocrine neoplasms by post-transcriptional enhancement of EZH2
Creators: name: Sperling, Florian
name: Misiak, Danny
name: Hüttelmaier, Stefan
name: Michl, Patrick
name: Griesmann, Heidi
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) represent a heterogenous class of highly vascularized neoplasms that are increasing in prevalence and are predominantly diagnosed at a metastatic state. The molecular mechanisms leading to tumor initiation, metastasis, and chemoresistance are still under investigation. Hence, identification of novel therapeutic targets is of great interest. Here, we demonstrate that the RNA-binding Protein IGF2BP1 is a post-transcriptional regulator of components of the Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), an epigenic modifier affecting transcriptional regulation and proliferation: Comprehensive in silico analyses along with in vitro experiments showed that IGF2BP1 promotes neuroendocrine tumor cell proliferation by stabilizing the mRNA of Enhancer of Zeste 2 (EZH2), the catalytic subunit of PRC2, which represses gene expression by tri-methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3). The IGF2BP1-driven stabilization and protection of EZH2 mRNA is m6A-dependent and enhances EZH2 protein levels which stimulates cell cycle progression by silencing cell cycle arrest genes through enhanced H3K27 tri-methylation. Therapeutic inhibition of IGF2BP1 destabilizes EZH2 mRNA and results in a reduced cell proliferation, paralleled by an increase in G1 and sub-G1 phases. Combined targeting of IGF2BP1, EZH2, and Myc, a transcriptional activator of EZH2 and well-known target of IGF2BP1 cooperatively induces tumor cell apoptosis. Our data identify IGF2BP1 as an important driver of tumor progression in NEN, and indicate that disruption of the IGF2BP1-Myc-EZH2 axis represents a promising approach for targeted therapy of neuroendocrine neoplasms.
Pathological structural conversion of α-synuclein at the mitochondria induces neuronal toxicity.
Creators: name: Choi, Minee L
name: Chappard, Alexandre
name: Singh, Bhanu P
name: Maclachlan, Catherine
name: Rodrigues, Margarida
name: Fedotova, Evgeniya I
name: Berezhnov, Alexey V
name: De, Suman
name: Peddie, Christopher J
name: Athauda, Dilan
name: Virdi, Gurvir S
name: Zhang, Weijia
name: Evans, James R
name: Wernick, Anna I
name: Zanjani, Zeinab Shadman
name: Angelova, Plamena R
name: Esteras, Noemi
name: Vinokurov, Andrey Y
name: Morris, Katie
name: Jeacock, Kiani
name: Tosatto, Laura
name: Little, Daniel
name: Gissen, Paul
name: Clarke, David J
name: Kunath, Tilo
name: Collinson, Lucy
name: Klenerman, David
name: Abramov, Andrey Y
name: Horrocks, Mathew H
name: Gandhi, Sonia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Neurons
Mitochondria
Humans
Parkinson Disease
Cardiolipins
Mitochondrial Membranes
alpha-Synuclein

description: Aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) drives Parkinson's disease (PD), although the initial stages of self-assembly and structural conversion have not been directly observed inside neurons. In this study, we tracked the intracellular conformational states of α-Syn using a single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) biosensor, and we show here that α-Syn converts from a monomeric state into two distinct oligomeric states in neurons in a concentration-dependent and sequence-specific manner. Three-dimensional FRET-correlative light and electron microscopy (FRET-CLEM) revealed that intracellular seeding events occur preferentially on membrane surfaces, especially at mitochondrial membranes. The mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin triggers rapid oligomerization of A53T α-Syn, and cardiolipin is sequestered within aggregating lipid-protein complexes. Mitochondrial aggregates impair complex I activity and increase mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which accelerates the oligomerization of A53T α-Syn and causes permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes and cell death. These processes were also observed in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons harboring A53T mutations from patients with PD. Our study highlights a mechanism of de novo α-Syn oligomerization at mitochondrial membranes and subsequent neuronal toxicity.
Positive reduction from spectra
Creators: name: Jivulescu, Maria Anastasia
name: Lupa, Nicolae
name: Nechita, Ion
name: Reeb, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15B48, 81P45

description: We study the problem of whether all bipartite quantum states having a prescribed spectrum remain positive under the reduction map applied to one subsystem. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions, in the form of a family of linear inequalities, which the spectrum has to verify. Our conditions become explicit when one of the two subsystems is a qubit, as well as for further sets of states. Finally, we introduce a family of simple entanglement criteria for spectra, closely related to the reduction and positive partial transpose criteria, which also provide new insight into the set of spectra that guarantee separability or positivity of the partial transpose.
description: Linear Algebra and its Applications (2015)
CHPM2030 Deliverable D4.1: Conceptual framework for CHPM power plant
Creators: name: Ragnarsson, Árni
name: Thorgilsson, Gunnar
name: Laenen, Ben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: geothermal
metal extraction
CHPM

description: This deliverable describes a model framework for a CHPM facility and the approach that will be used to develop a mathematical model that links the different components of the system in an overall system. The model will be used to simulate and optimise a CHPM plant.
Effects of influenza vaccination in patients with interstitial lung diseases : an epidemiological claims data analysis
Creators: name: Marijic, Pavo
name: Schwarzkopf, Larissa
name: Maier, Werner Albert
name: Trudzinski, Franziska
name: Schwettmann, Lars
name: Kreuter, Michael
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Rationale: Vaccination is the most effective protection against influenza. Patients with interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) represent a high-risk group for influenza complications. Thus, yearly influenza vaccination is recommended, but evidence on its effects is sparse. Objectives: This study aimed to compare all-cause mortality and all-cause and respiratory-related hospitalization between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients with ILD. Methods: Using data from the largest German statutory health insurance fund (about 27 million insurees in 2020), we analyzed four influenza seasons from 2014–2015 to 2017–2018 and compared vaccinated with unvaccinated patients with ILD. Starting from September 1 of each year, we matched vaccinated and unvaccinated patients in a 1:1 ratio using a rolling cohort design. Mortality and hospitalization were compared with Kaplan-Meier plots, and effects were calculated during the influenza season (in season) with risk ratios. Results: Both the vaccinated and the unvaccinated cohorts included 7,503 patients in 2014–2015, 10,318 in 2015–2016, 12,723 in 2016–2017, and 13,927 in 2017–2018. Vaccination rates were low at 43.2% in season 2014–2015 and decreased over time to 39.9% in season 2017–2018. The risk ratios for all-cause mortality were 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.65–0.97; P = 0.02) in season 2014–2015, 0.66 (95% CI, 0.54–0.80; P < 0.001) in 2015–2016, 0.89 (95% CI, 0.76–1.04; P = 0.15) in 2016–2017, and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.81–1.12; P = 0.57) in 2017–2018. The effects on all-cause hospitalization and respiratory-related hospitalization were similar in all seasons. Conclusions: Although an unequivocally beneficial impact of influenza vaccination in patients with ILD could not be demonstrated, we observed promising results regarding avoidance of all-cause mortality in half of the seasons observed. Given the low vaccination rates, further efforts are necessary to improve vaccination rates in patients with ILD.
Current-induced forces and hot-spots in biased nano-junctions
Creators: name: Lü, Jing-Tao
name: Christensen, Rasmus B.
name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
name: Hedegård, Per
name: Brandbyge, Mads
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the interplay of current-induced forces (CIF), Joule heating, and heat transport inside a current-carrying nano-conductor. We find that the CIF, due to the electron-phonon coherence, can control the spatial heat dissipation in the conductor. This yields a significant asymmetric concentration of excess heating (hot-spot) even for a symmetric conductor. When coupled to the electrode phonons, CIF drive different phonon heat flux into the two electrodes. First-principles calculations on realistic biased nano-junctions illustrate the importance of the effect.
description: Phys. Rev. Lett. accepted version
Action-Oriented Pedagogies: A Framework for K-12 Sustainability Education
Creators: name: Weinberg, Andrea
name: Jordan, Michelle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390304
subject: Primary education
classificationCode: 390105
subject: Environmental education curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: Part of the Education for Planetary Futures Teaching Tools Series, this document introduces Action-Oriented Pedagogies (AOPs), a framework for K-12 classrooms wherein students are positioned as agentive learners, engaged in real work with real consequences, taking meaningful ethically-informed collective action.
Magnetic induction and diffusion mechanisms in a liquid sodium spherical Couette experiment
Creators: name: Cabanes, Simon
name: Schaeffer, Nathanaël
name: Nataf, Henri-Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a reconstruction of the mean axisymmetric azimuthal and meridional flows in the DTS liquid sodium experiment. The experimental device sets a spherical Couette flow enclosed between two concentric spherical shells where the inner sphere holds a strong dipolar magnet, which acts as a magnetic propeller when rotated. Measurements of the mean velocity, mean induced magnetic field and mean electric potentials have been acquired inside and outside the fluid for an inner sphere rotation rate of 9 Hz (Rm 28). Using the induction equation to relate all measured quantities to the mean flow, we develop a nonlinear least square inversion procedure to reconstruct a fully coherent solution of the mean velocity field. We also include in our inversion the response of the fluid layer to the non-axisymmetric time-dependent magnetic field that results from deviations of the imposed magnetic field from an axial dipole. The mean azimuthal velocity field we obtain shows super-rotation in an inner region close to the inner sphere where the Lorentz force dominates, which contrasts with an outer geostrophic region governed by the Coriolis force, but where the magnetic torque remains the driver. The meridional circulation is strongly hindered by the presence of both the Lorentz and the Coriolis forces. Nevertheless, it contributes to a significant part of the induced magnetic energy. Our approach sets the scene for evaluating the contribution of velocity and magnetic fluctuations to the mean magnetic field, a key question for dynamo mechanisms.
"If I don't smoke shisha, I won't be able to sleep" : lived experiences of high school students in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hirpa, Selamawit
name: Dobbie, Fiona
name: Fogarty, Andrew
name: Addissie, Adamu
name: Kaba, Mirgissa
name: Frese, Thomas
name: Unverzagt, Susanne
name: Kantelhardt, Eva Johanna
name: Siddiqi, Kamran
name: Bauld, Linda
name: Deressa, Wakgari
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Background: Shisha smoking predisposes the users to cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and infections, such as tuberculosis, hepatitis, and herpes. In Ethiopia, there is little data on the adolescents’ shisha smoking experience. This study aimed to explore the lived experience of high school students and inform ongoing and future prevention and control interventions. Methods: This study was conducted in Addis Ababa and Adama cities in Ethiopia. Twenty-five secondary school students aged 15-22 years who had shisha smoking experience participated in this study. A topic guide was used to facilitate the in-depth interviews (IDIs) and a digital audio recorder recorded the interviews. Interviews varied between 40-90 minutes and were conducted in private open-air spaces where only the interviewee and researcher were present. Each transcript was coded using Atlas.ti version 8 software. The analytical approach was iterative, with interview transcripts analyzed at the time of coding and re-analyzed after a preliminary result was drafted to search for additional themes. Results: Students described two key factors that influenced their decision to initiate shisha smoking: peer influence and perceiving it as a means to release stress. After initiating shisha use students maintained the behaviour because of: peer influence, khat chewing, enjoyment of shisha smoking, having prolonged leisure time, and accessibility to shisha. Students regretted the impact shisha use had on their lives, such as conflict with their families, poor academic performance, and spending money on shisha smoking. Female students were also concerned about reproductive health risks related to shisha use. Conclusions: Peer influence played a major role both in initiating and maintaining shisha use. However, students admitted concern over the impact of shisha smoking on academic performance and their relationship with their families. Since shisha use is associated with khat chewing; shisha smoking control programs cannot be successful without controlling khat. Especially young girls had worries about their reproductive health risks associated with shisha use. This suggests that targeted awareness raising programs highlighting the dangers of shisha use for both health and safety; especially for young women is required.
On the Real-rootedness of the Descent Polynomials of $(n-2)$-Stack Sortable Permutations
Creators: name: Zhang, Philip B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26C10, 05A15

description: Bóna conjectured that the descent polynomials on $(n-2)$-stack sortable permutations have only real zeros. Brändén proved this conjecture by establishing a more general result. In this paper, we give another proof of Brändén's result by using the theory of $s$-Eulerian polynomials recently developed by Savage and Visontai.
description: 9 pages
A coarse grained perturbation theory for the Large Scale Structure, with cosmology and time independence in the UV
Creators: name: Manzotti, Alessandro
name: Peloso, Marco
name: Pietroni, Massimo
name: Viel, Matteo
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard cosmological perturbation theory (SPT) for the Large Scale Structure (LSS) of the Universe fails at small scales (UV) due to strong nonlinearities and to multistreaming effects. In Pietroni et al. 2011 a new framework was proposed in which the large scales (IR) are treated perturbatively while the information on the UV, mainly small scale velocity dispersion, is obtained by nonlinear methods like N-body simulations. Here we develop this approach, showing that it is possible to reproduce the fully nonlinear power spectrum (PS) by combining a simple (and fast) 1-loop computation for the IR scales and the measurement of a single, dominant, correlator from N-body simulations for the UV ones. We measure this correlator for a suite of seven different cosmologies, and we show that its inclusion in our perturbation scheme reproduces the fully non-linear PS with percent level accuracy, for wave numbers up to $k\sim 0.4\, h~{\rm Mpc^{-1}}$ down to $z=0$. We then show that, once this correlator has been measured in a given cosmology, there is no need to run a new simulation for a different cosmology in the suite. Indeed, by rescaling this correlator by a proper function computable in SPT, the reconstruction procedure works also for the other cosmologies and for all redshifts, with comparable accuracy. Finally, we clarify the relation of this approach to the Effective Field Theory methods recently proposed in the LSS context.
description: 37 pages, 9 figures; published on JCAP
Josephson relation for disordered superfluids
Creators: name: Müller, Cord A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Josephson sum rule relates the superfluid density to the condensate order parameter, via the infrared residue of the single-particle Green's function. We establish an effective Josephson relation for disordered condensates valid upon ensemble averaging. This relation has the merit to show explicitly how superfluidity links to the coherent density, i.e., the density of particles with zero momentum. Detailed agreement is reached with perturbation theory for weak disorder.
description: 4 pages; v2: minor corrections, published version
Holography and Coherent Diffraction with Low-Energy Electrons: A Route towards Structural Biology at the Single Molecule Level
Creators: name: Latychevskaia, Tatiana
name: Longchamp, Jean-Nicolas
name: Escher, Conrad
name: Fink, Hans-Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current state of the art in structural biology is led by NMR, X-ray crystallography and TEM investigations. These powerful tools however all rely on averaging over a large ensemble of molecules. Here, we present an alternative concept aiming at structural analysis at the single molecule level. We show that by combining electron holography and coherent diffraction imaging estimations concerning the phase of the scattered wave become needless as the phase information is extracted from the data directly and unambiguously. Performed with low-energy electrons the resolution of this lens-less microscope is just limited by the De Broglie wavelength of the electron wave and the numerical aperture, given by detector geometry. In imaging freestanding graphene, a resolution of 2 Angstrom has been achieved revealing the 660.000 unit cells of the graphene sheet from one data set at once. Applied to individual biomolecules the method allows for non-destructive imaging and imports the potential to distinguish between different conformations of proteins with atomic resolution.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures; Ultramicroscopy 2015
Seven New Species of Agaricus (Agaricaceae, Agaricales) from Northeast China
Creators: name: Wang, Shi-en
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310402
subject: Biogeography and phylogeography

description: This is alignment for Morphological and molecular analyses reveal seven new Agaricus species from Northeast China.
Thermodynamics of inequalities: from precariousness to economic stratification
Creators: name: Smerlak, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Growing economic inequalities are observed in several countries throughout the world. Following Pareto, the power-law structure of these inequalities has been the subject of much theoretical and empirical work. But their nonequilibrium dynamics, e.g. after a policy change, remains incompletely understood. Here we introduce a thermodynamical theory of inequalities based on the analogy between economic stratification and statistical entropy. Within this framework we identify the combination of upward mobility with precariousness as a fundamental driver of inequality. We formalize this statement by a "second-law" inequality displaying upward mobility and precariousness as thermodynamic conjugate variables. We estimate the time scale for the "relaxation" of the wealth distribution after a sudden change of the after-tax return on capital. Our method can be generalized to gain insight into the dynamics of inequalities in any Markovian model of socioeconomic interactions.
description: 18 pages
La réforme musicale à la Santissima Annunziata de Florence (1478-1485) et la politique religieuse de Lorenzo de’ Medici
Creators: name: Smith, Darwin
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2018

description: The edition and complete analysis of maestro Antonio Alabanti’s Memoriale – who was Prior of the Santissima Annunziata in Florence between November 1477 and June 1485 – has revealed the record of his general reform of the convent (rule, architecture, economy, liturgy, music), on the eve of the presentation of his accounts in May 1484. The prior’s particular financial capacities enabled him to prepare a budget of ‘ordinary spendings’ (spese ordinarie), where music was the second most important item. On this basis, and by using information found in the payment receipts (ricevute), we can see the establishment of a permanent body of ten external singers (forastieri), together with a group of convent friars paid for the office of singing. The role of Lorenzo de’ Medici is also considered. He designated his personal singer, Arnolfo da Francia, alias Arnoul Gréban, for this musical reform. The general reform of the convent is interpreted within a body of reforms taking place at the same time in other religious houses in Florence, where Lorenzo was intervening not only as operaio or provedditore of an Arte, the civic body controlling these religious houses, but also as the administrator of the Church of Florence, in place of the archbishop Raynaldo Orsini, who had delivered him a blank cheque to act in his name.
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 14 No 4 (2017): Anno XIV / n.s. 4 – 2017
title: Im Untergrund
Creators: name: Meinitzer, Valerie
Year: 2020

description: Die Jugendthriller von Ursula Poznanski, erschienen zwischen 2010 und 2018, spielen im Wesentlichen im Untergrund. Die Untergrundräume sind vordergründig real existierende Orte wie Keller, U-Bahn, unterirdische Höhlen und fensterlose Gänge. In dieser Arbeit wird die Verbindung zwischen dem Eintritt in den Untergrund und die Identitätsentwicklung der jugendlichen Protagonist*innen erforscht. Ein besonderer Fokus wird auf die Wirkung, die Beschaffenheit und Atmosphäre der Räume gerichtet. Gemessen wird eine Entwicklung anhand der Ausprägung charakteristischer Merkmale, die in der Adoleszenz stattfinden: Das Streben nach Autonomie, dass die Abnabelung von den Eltern beinhaltet, aber auch das Verlassen von sicheren Orten, das Verändern von gewohnten Rollen oder die Abkehr von bisherigen Werten. Das Erlangen von Selbstwertgefühl, dass sich aus der Verbindung der Selbstwertschätzung und der Akzeptanz im sozialen Umfeld ergibt. Gelernte Kompetenzen tragen erst zur Steigerung des Selbstwertgefühls bei, wenn sie durch soziale Interaktionen bestätigt werden. Die Entwicklung zur Selbstwirksamkeit, in der das Vertrauen in die Überzeugung aus eigener Kraft schwierige Herausforderungen zu bewältigen, gestärkt wird. Im Untergrund werden die Protagonist*innen vor extrem emotionale Situationen gestellt, die eine neue Sicht ihrer Wertvorstellungen bringen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die herausfordernden Erfahrungen im Untergrund positiv auf die Identitätsentwicklung der Jugendlichen auswirken und sie einen Mehrwert aus diesem räumlichen Wechsel in den Untergrund gezogen haben.
Effects of acute ischemia and hypoxia in young and adult calsequestrin (CSQ2) knock-out and wild-type mice
Creators: name: Neumann, Joachim
name: Bödicker, Konrad
name: Buchvalov, Igor' B.
name: Schmidbaur, Constanze
name: Campos Ramos, Gustavo
name: Frantz, Stefan
name: Hofmann, Ulrich Dietmar Walter
name: Gergs, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Calsequestrin (CSQ2) is the main Ca2+-binding protein in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the mammalian heart. In order to understand the function of calsequestrin better, we compared two age groups (young: 4–5 months of age versus adult: 18 months of age) of CSQ2 knock-out mice (CSQ2(−/−)) and littermate wild-type mice (CSQ2(+/+)). Using echocardiography, in adult mice, the basal left ventricular ejection fraction and the spontaneous beating rate were lower in CSQ2(−/−) compared to CSQ2(+/+). The increase in ejection fraction by β-adrenergic stimulation (intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol) was lower in adult CSQ2(−/−) versus adult CSQ2(+/+). After hypoxia in vitro (isolated atrial preparations) by gassing the organ bath buffer with 95% N2, force of contraction in electrically driven left atria increased to lower values in young CSQ2(−/−) than in young CSQ2(+/+). In addition, after global ischemia and reperfusion (buffer-perfused hearts according to Langendorff; 20-min ischemia and 15-min reperfusion), the rate of tension development was higher in young CSQ2(−/−) compared to young CSQ2(+/+). Finally, we evaluated signs of inflammation (immune cells, autoantibodies, and fibrosis). However, whereas no immunological alterations were found between all investigated groups, pronounced fibrosis was found in the ventricles of adult CSQ2(−/−) compared to all other groups. We suggest that in young mice, CSQ2 is important for cardiac performance especially in isolated cardiac preparations under conditions of impaired oxygen supply, but with differences between atrium and ventricle. Lack of CSQ2 leads age dependently to fibrosis and depressed cardiac performance in echocardiographic studies.
La retórica del ingenio. Imágenes de invención, entre el arte militar y la escenografía
Creators: name: Gómez, Consuelo
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2018

description: This work tries to demonstrate how the technical renewal process that took place in Italy as from the last third of the 16th century influenced the origination of an hybrid space between military engineering and scenography, which essentially conditioned the practice of performance. To achieve this goal, the study analyses the essential factors that influenced the creation of such hybrid space: the renewal of technical literature and the theatrical process experienced by the machine representation; the way by which the engineers, in their attempt to claim for themselves a new social and professional status linked to the liberal arts, made the ‘act of producing machines’ an example of human talent keenness; the influence exercised by the usefulness and the pleasure conveyed by the reflexion of the machine over the mechanization of the performance, or the capacity developed by the exhibition of the technique by means of the performances as a propaganda instrument related to the authorities. Special attention is paid to the work carried out by a group of professionals, trained in the new technical culture, acting at the same time as military engineers and state designers, establishing the key which allows us to understand the hybrid process between military art and scenography.
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 14 No 4 (2017): Anno XIV / n.s. 4 – 2017
«L’illusion de cette musique me charme pour des moments»: teatro e musica nelle lettere di Maria Carolina alla figlia Maria Teresa
Creators: name: Cotticelli, Francesco
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2018

description: This essay presents some excerpts from the letters sent by Queen Maria Carolina to her daughter Maria Teresa, Empress of Austria, and now kept at the Haus-, Hof- und Staatsarchiv in Vienna, with special reference to the comments on music and theatre performances held in Naples. The Queen’s attitude towards theatrical life and practitioners reflects her inner feelings about the tragic events at the time of the Revolution and the first Restoration. Theatre serves as a metaphor, and a mirror to dramatic social changes (and even decadence).
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 14 No 4 (2017): Anno XIV / n.s. 4 – 2017
«La nostra Compagnia sarà la più eccellente d’Italia». Un documento inedito sullo stato dell’arte attorica nell’Italia di fine Settecento
Creators: name: Scannapieco, Anna
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2018

description: This extensive essay revolves around some unpublished documents about the ambitious and pioneering attempt to establish a permanent company in the ‘enlightened’ duchy of Parma (1770-1771). What emerges is an original cross-section of the Italian theatrical life in the second half of the 18th century that highlights the ins and outs, the relationship between politics and theatre, the most outstanding companies of the time, the rules of engagement, the profiles of actors and actresses – already established or in training – for the first time described above rhetoric and anecdotal tendencies.
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 14 No 4 (2017): Anno XIV / n.s. 4 – 2017
Two-point correlation function of an exclusion process with hole-dependent rates
Creators: name: Priyanka
name: Ayyer, Arvind
name: Jain, Kavita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an exclusion process on a ring in which a particle hops to an empty neighbouring site with a rate that depends on the number of vacancies $n$ in front of it. In the steady state, using the well known mapping of this model to the zero range process, we write down an exact formula for the partition function and the particle-particle correlation function in the canonical ensemble. In the thermodynamic limit, we find a simple analytical expression for the generating function of the correlation function. This result is applied to the hop rate $u(n)=1+(b/n)$ for which a phase transition between high-density laminar phase and low-density jammed phase occurs for $b > 2$. For these rates, we find that at the critical density, the correlation function decays algebraically with a continuously varying exponent $b-2$. We also calculate the two-point correlation function above the critical density, and find that the correlation length diverges with a critical exponent $ν=1/(b-2)$ for $b < 3$ and $1$ for $b > 3$. These results are compared with those obtained using an exact series expansion for finite systems.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. E
Paolo Poli
Creators: name: Megale, Teresa
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2018

description: For about seventy years, Paolo Poli enjoyed a special position in the Italian theatrical scene. Creator of an irreverent, unconventional theatre based on a verbal, mimic, and gestural lightness, he set up an original comic dramaturgy able to make everything ‘theatrical’ or potentially ‘theatrical’: poetry and history, hagiography and fairytale, and even the popular song repertoire of the early 20th century. Actor, dramatist, singer, dancer, director, impresario, theatrical company director, the Florentine Paolo Poli successfully revived a minor literary and musical production neglected by the official culture. Gifted with a polyphonic voice and a swift gestural expressiveness, in addition to theatre he devoted himself to radio, television, and record activities.
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 14 No 4 (2017): Anno XIV / n.s. 4 – 2017
Barriers to applying for medical rehabilitation: a time-to-event analysis of employees with severe back pain in Germany
Creators: name: Zimmer, Julia-Marie
name: Fauser, David
name: Golla, André
name: Wienke, Andreas
name: Schmitt, Nadine
name: Bethge, Matthias
name: Mau, Wilfried
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Objective: Longitudinal studies on barriers to applying for rehabilitation in Germany are lacking in light of the suspected underutilization of rehabilitation services. The aim of this study was to examine application behaviour in persons with disabling back pain and to identify relevant predictors for making an application. Design: A prospective cohort study with randomized sampling of insurants in the German Pension Insurance, using a questionnaire at baseline and follow-up with linked administrative data for 1.5 years. Subjects/patients: Employed persons (age range 45–59 years) with a high degree of limitations due to back pain and a self-reported risk of permanent work disability (not applied for disability pension, no medical rehabilitation within the last 4 years). Methods: Multivariable Cox regression was used to examine the influence of pre-selected variables on making an application in the follow-up period. Results: Of 690 persons, only 12% applied for rehabilitation. Predictors for making an application were: support from physicians (hazard ratio (HR)=2.24; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.32–3.80), family, and friends (HR=1.67; 95% CI 1.02–2.73), more pain-related disability days (HR=1.02; 95% CI 1.01–1.03), and worse work ability (HR=0.86; 95% CI 0.75–0.97). An intention to apply at baseline mediated the effect of family and physician support on the application. Conclusion: The low number of applications for rehabilitation despite disabling back pain indicates access barriers to, and underuse of, medical rehabilitation.
A Critical Reevaluation of Radio Constraints on Annihilating Dark Matter
Creators: name: Cholis, Ilias
name: Hooper, Dan
name: Linden, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of groups have employed radio observations of the Galactic center to derive stringent constraints on the annihilation cross section of weakly interacting dark matter. In this paper, we show that electron energy losses in this region are likely to be dominated by inverse Compton scattering on the interstellar radiation field, rather than by synchrotron, considerably relaxing the constraints on the dark matter annihilation cross section compared to previous works. Strong convective winds, which are well motivated by recent observations, may also significantly weaken synchrotron constraints. After taking these factors into account, we find that radio constraints on annihilating dark matter are orders of magnitude less stringent than previously reported, and are generally weaker than those derived from current gamma-ray observations.
description: 6 pages, 3 Figures, arXiv version updated to reflect published version
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF WNT10B AS LEUKEMIA DRIVER IN ZEBRAFISH MODEL
Creators: name: PROSPERI, LAURA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: ABSTRACT Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous clonal disorder characterized by a misregulation in the differentiation program of myeloid progenitor cells that proliferate abnormally and arrest in their maturation. In the effort to reveal the mechanism that confers self-renewal potential to Leukemia Stem Cells (LSCs), Wnt pathway came out as a candidate. The Wnt pathway has a central role in the hematopoiesis regulating the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) self-renewal. A recent study showed an increase of WNT proteins (i.e. WNT10B) expression and release within the microenvironment in both leukemic blasts and stromal-like cells of AML patients, indicating its possible autocrine/paracrine involvement in the bone marrow microenvironment, and suggesting that the regenerative WNT signaling is a stem cell-associated function altered in AML stem cell fraction. The aim of this work is to elucidate the role of WNT10B in AML generating an animal model in which this signaling is disregulated.?The striking similarities of zebrafish and human hematopoiesis make this fish an excellent model for elucidating physiologic and pathological mechanisms. Furthermore, various hematopoietic zebrafish mutants, mimicking the human hematopoietic system diseases, have been generated. wnt10b was transiently upregulated in zebrafish embryos and effects of such misregulation on embryonic hematopoiesis were analyzed. In-situ hybridization assays, performed using myeloid and HSCs markers (pu.1 and scl, respectively), and in vivo observation of transgenic fish lines expressing fluorescent proteins in erythroid progenitors and mature neutrophils - Tg(gata1:dsRed) and Tg(mpx:EGFP) - demonstrated an abnormal accumulation of HSCs, myeloid and erythroid progenitors in the embryo hematopoietic tissue, at the expense of more differentiated cells. Moreover, wnt10b overexpression affects the migration of myeloid cells in the ALM (Anterior Lateral Mesoderm). Taken together, these results support the notion of an involvement of wnt10b in vertebrate hematopoiesis.?A plasmid construct with zebrafish wnt10b under the control of runx1 (a pivotal gene in definitive hematopoiesis) promoter and flanked by trasposase-responsive elements has been generated; injection of this plasmid in zebrafish embryos together with trasposase mRNA will lead to the generation of a transgenic line in which wnt10b expression can be induced only in definitive HSCs. Future plans include the temporal control of the transgene expression through the insertion in the plasmid of a lox-P cassette flanking a STOP signal and the outcross of the resulting transgenic line with a line expressing Cre recombinase under the control of hsp70 (heat-shock protein) promoter. This model will provide the chance to better understand the Wnt-mediated early mechanisms that lead to leukemia development.
Plastic Peril: Threatening to Marine Life
Creators: name: M.B.Dabhi
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: Plastic, due to its affordability and convenience, has permeated every aspect of our daily lives. Unfortunately, our careless handling of this material has transformed it into a paramount environmental crisis during our lifetime. Annually, millions of tons of plastic waste are discarded, with a significant portion finding its way into the oceans, inflicting harm upon wildlife and ecosystems. Astonishingly, a mere 9% of all plastic ever produced is recycled.the world generates a staggering 400 million tonnes of plastic waste, with the United States leading the pack, producing 42 million metric tons annually. Over 8 million tonnes of plastic end up in our oceans each year, causing the death of approximately 100,000 animals entangled in ghost fishing nets. Human exposure to plastic reaches an alarming 5 grams per week. During the COVID-19 pandemic, an additional 25,900 tonnes of plastic pollution found its way into the ocean, largely due to the essential nature of single-use surgical face masks, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), and plastic disinfectant bottles
COMPUTATIONAL MODELLING OF BIOMOLECULAR SYSTEMS: APPLICATIONS TO THE STUDY OF MOLECULAR RECOGNITION PROCESSES
Creators: name: DORO, FABIO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: In this thesis a broad range of computational modelling techniques has been used to study biomolecular systems. In particular two main topics have been addressed: (i) the conformational analysis of unnatural glycopeptides, in which Monte Carlo methods have been used to sample different molecule conformations in order to analyze and characterize their structural, dynamical and functional properties and (ii) the analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) in classical cadherins and the design of small peptidomimetic inhibitors. Here, molecular dynamics techniques (both biased and unbiased) together with computer-aided drug design were used to study the structural properties and the mechanism of the cadherin homophilic binding and to design the first class of small molecule inhibitors of their interaction. The conformational studies performed on a series of ?-N-linked glycopeptides revealed their preference for an extended conformation, a feature which was later confirmed by NMR data, thus demonstrating the predictive ability of the calculations. PPIs studies on classical cadherins led to the development of the first rationally designed inhibitors of the homophilic cadherin-cadherin interaction and also allowed to gain more insight into the cadherin binding mechanism.
Carmelo Bene
Creators: name: Agostini, Emanuela
Publisher: name: Drammaturgia
Year: 2018

description: This paper reconstructs the life and works of one of the greatest exponents of the second half of the 20th century theatrical scene, an artist of international fame and prominence. Intensely loved as much as viscerally contested, Carmelo Bene belongs to the tradition of the Grande Attore that he himself blows up through a parodic point of view, so setting up a very original synthesis of past and innovation which reveals the 20th century inability to adhere to a unified vision of the world.
description: Drammaturgia, Vol 14 No 4 (2017): Anno XIV / n.s. 4 – 2017