cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spacetime correlators of perturbations in slow-roll de Sitter inflation
Creators: name: del Rio, Adrian
name: Navarro-Salas, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-point correlators and self-correlators of primordial perturbations in quasi-de Sitter spacetime backgrounds are considered. For large separations two-point correlators exhibit nearly scale invariance, while for short distances self-correlators need standard renormalization. We study the deformation of two-point correlators to smoothly match the self-correlators at coincidence. The corresponding angular power spectrum is evaluated in the Sachs-Wolfe regime of low multipoles. Scale invariance is maintained, but the amplitude of $C_{\ell}$ could change in a non-trivial way.
description: Clarifying comments and new references added. Misprints corrected
Global ozone and air quality: a multi-model assessment of risks to human health and crops
Creators: name: Ellingsen, K.
name: Van Dingenen, R.
name: Dentener, F. J.
name: Emberson, L.
name: Fiore, Arlene M.
name: Schultz, M. G.
name: Gauss, M.
name: Stevenson, D. S.
name: Ashmore, M. R.
name: Atherton, C. S.
name: Bergmann, D. J.
name: Bey, I.
name: Butler, T.
name: Drevet, J.
name: Eskes, H.
name: Hauglustaine, D. A.
name: Isaksen, I. S. A.
name: Horowitz, Larry W.
name: Krol, M.
name: Lamarque, J. F.
name: Lawrence, M. G.
name: Van Noije, T. P. C.
name: Pyle, J.
name: Rast, S.
name: Rodriguez, J.
name: Savage, N.
name: Strahan, S.
name: Sudo, K.
name: Szopa, S.
name: Wild, O.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Plants--Effect of atmospheric ozone on
Air quality--Models
Air quality--Health aspects
Atmospheric ozone--Measurement
Atmospheric chemistry

description: Within ACCENT, a European Network of Excellence, eighteen atmospheric models from the U.S., Europe, and Japan calculated present (2000) and future (2030) concentrations of ozone at the Earth's surface with hourly temporal resolution. Comparison of model results with surface ozone measurements in 14 world regions indicates that levels and seasonality of surface ozone in North America and Europe are characterized well by global models, with annual average biases typically within 5–10 nmol/mol. However, comparison with rather sparse observations over some regions suggest that most models overestimate annual ozone by 15–20 nmol/mol in some locations. Two scenarios from the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) and one from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC SRES) have been implemented in the models. This study focuses on changes in near-surface ozone and their effects on human health and vegetation. Different indices and air quality standards are used to characterise air quality. We show that often the calculated changes in the different indices are closely inter-related. Indices using lower thresholds are more consistent between the models, and are recommended for global model analysis. Our analysis indicates that currently about two-thirds of the regions considered do not meet health air quality standards, whereas only 2–4 regions remain below the threshold. Calculated air quality exceedances show moderate deterioration by 2030 if current emissions legislation is followed and slight improvements if current emissions reduction technology is used optimally. For the "business as usual" scenario severe air quality problems are predicted. We show that model simulations of air quality indices are particularly sensitive to how well ozone is represented, and improved accuracy is needed for future projections. Additional measurements are needed to allow a more quantitative assessment of the risks to human health and vegetation from changing levels of surface ozone.
Herschel-ATLAS: Correlations between Dust and Gas in Local Submm-Selected Galaxies
Creators: name: Bourne, N.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Bendo, G. J.
name: Smith, M. W. L.
name: Clark, C. J. R.
name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: Rigby, E. E.
name: Baes, M.
name: Leeuw, L. L.
name: Maddox, S. J.
name: Thompson, M. A.
name: Bremer, M. N.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Dariush, A.
name: de Zotti, G.
name: Dye, S.
name: Eales, S.
name: Hopwood, R.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Michałowski, M. J.
name: Rowlands, K.
name: Valiante, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of CO molecular gas tracers in a sample of 500μm-selected Herschel-ATLAS galaxies at z<0.05 (cz<14990km/s). Using 22-500μm photometry from WISE, IRAS and Herschel, with HI data from the literature, we investigate correlations between warm and cold dust, and tracers of the gas in different phases. The correlation between global CO(3-2) line fluxes and FIR-submillimetre fluxes weakens with increasing IR wavelength (λ>60μm), as a result of colder dust being less strongly associated with dense gas. Conversely, CO(2-1) and HI line fluxes both appear to be better correlated with longer wavelengths, suggesting that cold dust is more strongly associated with diffuse atomic and molecular gas phases, consistent with it being at least partially heated by radiation from old stellar populations. The increased scatter at long wavelengths implies that submillimetre fluxes are a poorer tracer of SFR. Fluxes at 22 and 60μm are also better correlated with diffuse gas tracers than dense CO(3-2), probably due to very-small-grain emission in the diffuse interstellar medium, which is not correlated with SFR. The FIR/CO luminosity ratio and the dust mass/CO luminosity ratio both decrease with increasing luminosity, as a result of either correlations between mass and metallicity (changing CO/H2) or between CO luminosity and excitation [changing CO(3-2)/CO(1-0)].
description: 27 pages, 11 figures. MNRAS accepted
title: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the urinary bladder in a pediatric patient
Creators: name: Samouco, Lúcia
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Paediatric radiology
subject: Paediatric
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Education
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: Male, 16 years old, previously healthy.  Presents to ER with hematuria, dysuria, and urinary urgency since the previous day and asthenia for 3days. Besides striking hematuria, clinical and laboratory examinations are unnoteworthy. A bladder ultrasound is performed, uncovering a 10cm bladder mass.

description: 16 years, male
A Closer Look at the Kernels Generated by the Decision and Regression Tree Ensembles
Creators: name: Feng, Dai
name: Baumgartner, Richard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Tree ensembles can be interpreted as implicit kernel generators, where the ensuing proximity matrix represents the data-driven tree ensemble kernel. Focus of our work is the utility of tree based ensembles as kernel generators that (in conjunction with a regularized linear model) enable kernel learning. We elucidate the performance of the tree based random forest (RF) and gradient boosted tree (GBT) kernels in a comprehensive simulation study comprising of continuous and binary targets. We show that for continuous targets (regression), this kernel learning approach is competitive to the respective tree ensemble in higher dimensional scenarios, particularly in cases with larger number of noisy features. For the binary target (classification), the tree ensemble based kernels and their respective ensembles exhibit comparable performance. We provide the results from several real life datasets for regression and classification relevant for biopharmaceutical and biomedical applications, that are in line with the simulations to show how these insights may be leveraged in practice. We discuss general applicability and extensions of the tree ensemble based kernels for survival targets and interpretable landmarking in classification and regression. Finally, we outline future research for kernel learning due to feature space partitionings.
Using synthetic tracers as a proxy for summertime PM2.5 air quality over the Northeastern United States in physical climate models
Creators: name: Fiore, Arlene M.
name: Fang, Yuanyuan
name: Lamarque, Jean-François
name: Horowitz, Larry W.
name: Lin, Meiyun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Atmospheric chemistry--Analysis
Aerosols--Remote sensing
Climatic changes--Mathematical models
Climatic changes--Research
Environmental sciences

description: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a criteria pollutant. Its sensitivity to meteorology implies its distribution will likely change with climate shifts. Limited availability of global climate models with full chemistry complicates efforts to assess rigorously the uncertainties in the PM2.5 response to a warming climate. We evaluate the potential for PM2.5 distributions in a chemistry-climate model under current-day and warmer climate conditions over the Northeastern United States to be represented by a Synthetic Aerosol tracer (SAt). The SAt implemented into the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory chemistry-climate model (AM3) follows the protocol of a recent multimodel community effort (HTAP), with CO emissions, 25-day chemical lifetime, and wet deposition rate of sulfate. Over the Northeastern United States, the summer daily time series of SAt correlates strongly with that of PM2.5, with similar cumulative density functions under both present and future climate conditions. With a linear regression model derived from PM2.5 and SAt in the current-day simulation, we reconstruct both the current-day and future PM2.5 daily time series from the simulated SAt. This reconstruction captures the summer mean PM2.5, the incidence of days above the 24-h mean PM2.5 NAAQS, and PM2.5 responses to climate change. This reconstruction also works over other polluted Northern Hemispheric regions and in spring. Our proof-of-concept study demonstrates that simple tracers can be developed to mimic PM2.5, including its response to climate change, as an easy-to-implement and low-cost addition to physical climate models that should help air quality managers to reap the benefits of climate models that have no chemistry.
A Flexible Analytical Framework for Reference-Based Imputation, Delta Adjustment and Tipping-Point Stress-Testing
Creators: name: García-Hernandez, Alberto
name: Pérez, Teresa
name: del Carmen Pardo, María
name: Rizopoulos, Dimitris
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: This article addresses the challenge of implementing the treatment policy strategy when subjects are not followed up after treatment discontinuation. This problem can be addressed using reference-based imputation, delta adjustment, and tipping-point analysis. Our new framework tackles this problem analytically. We characterize the process that measures the response regardless of drug discontinuation, Z(t), using its association with two observable processes: time to drug dropout (T∗), and the variable representing the response in a hypothetical world without drug discontinuation Y(t). We define the intervention discontinuation effect (IDE) as the unobservable process that quantifies the difference between Y(t) and Z(t) after T∗. We express various well-known imputation rules as forms of the IDE. We model Y using mixed models and T∗ with the Royston-Parmar model. We build estimators for the marginal mean of Z given the estimated parameters for Y and T ∗. We demonstrate that this simple estimator building suits all studied rules and provide guidance to extend this methodology. With the proposed framework, we can analytically resolve a broad range of imputation rules and have right-censored treatment discontinuation. This methodology is more efficient and computationally faster than multiple imputation and, unlike Rubin’s variance estimator, presents no standard error over-estimation.
Harvesting Light with Transformation Optics
Creators: name: Luo, Yu
name: Zhao, Rongkuo
name: Fernandez-Dominguez, Antonio I.
name: Maier, Stefan A.
name: Pendry, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transformation optics (TO) is a new tool for controlling electromagnetic fields. In the context of metamaterial technology, it provides a direct link between a desired electromagnetic (EM) phenomenon and the material response required for its occurrence. Recently, this powerful framework has been successfully exploited to study surface plasmon assisted phenomena such as light harvesting. Here, we review the general strategy based on TO to design plasmonic devices capable of harvesting light over a broadband spectrum and achieving considerable field confinement and enhancement. The methodology starts with two-dimensional (2D) cases, such as 2D metal edges, crescent-shaped cylinders, nanowire dimers, and rough metal surfaces, and has been well extended to fully-fledged three-dimensional (3D) situations. The largely analytic approach gives physical insights into the processes involved and suggests the way forward to study a wide variety of plasmonic nanostructures.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication by Science China Information Sciences
Examining the genetic and environmental links between executive functioning and psychopathology across middle childhood and early adolescence
Creators: name: Rea-Sandin, Gianna
name: Freis, Samantha
name: Friedman, Naomi
name: Luciana, Monica
name: Wilson, Sylia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: abcd
subject: adolescence
subject: behavior genetics
subject: childhood
subject: executive functioning
subject: psychopathology
subject: twins

description: This project will examine the genetic and environmental associations between middle childhood task-based executive functioning with baseline levels and change in internalizing and externalizing symptoms across middle childhood to early adolescence.
Sensitivity of tropospheric oxidants to biomass burning emissions: implications for radiative forcing
Creators: name: Mao, Jingqiu
name: Horowitz, Larry W.
name: Naik, Vaishali
name: Fan, Songmiao
name: Liu, Junfeng
name: Fiore, Arlene M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biomass energy--Climatic factors
Tropospheric chemistry
Radiative forcing
Climatic changes
Atmospheric chemistry
Environmental sciences

description: Biomass burning is one of the largest sources of trace gases and aerosols to the atmosphere and has profound influence on tropospheric oxidants and radiative forcing. Using a fully coupled chemistry-climate model (GFDL AM3), we find that co-emission of trace gases and aerosol from present-day biomass burning increases the global tropospheric ozone burden by 5.1% and decreases global mean OH by 6.3%. Gas and aerosol emissions combine to increase CH4 lifetime nonlinearly. Heterogeneous processes are shown to contribute partly to the observed lower ΔO3/ΔCO ratios in northern high latitudes versus tropical regions. The radiative forcing from biomass burning is shown to vary nonlinearly with biomass burning strength. At present-day emission levels, biomass burning produces a net radiative forcing of −0.19 W/m2 (−0.29 from short-lived species, mostly aerosol direct and indirect effects, +0.10 from CH4- and CH4-induced changes in O3 and stratospheric H2O) but increases emissions to over 5 times present levels would result in a positive net forcing.
Inclusive Museums: Better Models For Recognizing And Incorporating Indigenous Knowledge Into Heritage Management
Creators: name: Van Allen, Amy
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This PhD thesis explores a disconnect within contemporary heritage management that, through the international Conventions, calls for inclusivity, Indigenous knowledge recognition, and the participation of Indigenous peoples in heritage yet continues to marginalize these knowledges and practitioners. It is anchored in geography where I have found synergy with a subdiscipline known as Indigenous geographies that is calling for increased participation and new methodologies that instead marginalize still-dominant colonial practices. Drawing on a variety of Indigenous and ally scholars I demonstrate the ways that Indigenous knowledges are not accommodated within current heritage management structures. I also posit a need to explore cultural institutions such as inclusive museums for models of better practice and collaborative engagement. My own professional career has not only demonstrated the benefits of such ways of working but also dictated how I was willing to engage in a fieldwork project and facilitated a suitable project. This fieldwork, undertaken through a technical assistance at the request of the Pueblo of Cacha, high in the Andes of Ecuador, foregrounded the work requested by the Pueblo yet demonstrated the benefits and pitfalls of bridging knowledge systems, with strongly positive results in the community yet an incomplete attempt to dislodge the dominant heritage practice paradigm. My ethnographic account of the time in Ecuador uses photography and a series of vignettes to explore the partial knowledges shared, then assessments through both professional and academic lenses. Indeed, this dichotomy of practitioner and academic is evident throughout this thesis, mirroring the challenges of working in new and different ways.
The Preparation of 2 Heptanol and Investigations into Methods for the Preparation of Alpha Napthylisocyanate as Preliminary Syntheses for the Determination of the Properties of the Urethanes of Four Isomeric Heptyl Alcohols
Creators: name: Thompson, Donald Raw
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1927
Subjects: subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: No abstract.
A multi-model study of the hemispheric transport and deposition of oxidised nitrogen
Creators: name: Sanderson, M. G.
name: Fiore, Arlene M.
name: Cuvelier, C.
name: Keating, T. J.
name: Zuber, A.
name: Atherton, C. S.
name: Bergmann, Dan
name: Diehl, T.
name: Doherty, R. M.
name: Duncan, B. N.
name: Hess, P.
name: Horowitz, L. W.
name: Jacob, Daniel J.
name: Jonson, J. E.
name: Kaminski, J. W.
name: Lupu, A.
name: MacKenzie, I. A.
name: Mancini, E.
name: Marmer, E.
name: Dentener, F. J.
name: Park, R.
name: Pitari, G.
name: Prather, M. J.
name: Pringle, K. J.
name: Schroeder, S.
name: Schultz, M. G.
name: Shindell, D. T.
name: Szopa, S.
name: Wild, O.
name: Wind, P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Climatic changes--Mathematical models
Atmospheric nitrogen oxides
Transboundary pollution
Tropospheric chemistry
Climatic changes
Atmospheric chemistry

description: Fifteen chemistry-transport models are used to quantify, for the first time, the export of oxidised nitrogen (NOy) to and from four regions (Europe, North America, South Asia, and East Asia), and to estimate the uncertainty in the results. Between 12 and 24% of the NOx emitted is exported from each region annually. The strongest impact of each source region on a foreign region is: Europe on East Asia, North America on Europe, South Asia on East Asia, and East Asia on North America. Europe exports the most NOy, and East Asia the least. East Asia receives the most NOy from the other regions. Between 8 and 15% of NOx emitted in each region is transported over distances larger than 1000 km, with 3–10% ultimately deposited over the foreign regions.
A flexible analytical framework for reference-based imputation, delta adjustment and tipping-point stress-testing
Creators: name: García-Hernandez, Alberto
name: Pérez, Teresa
name: del Carmen Pardo, María
name: Rizopoulos, Dimitris
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health
Computational Biology

description: This paper addresses the challenge of implementing the treatment policy strategy when subjects are not followed up after treatment discontinuation. This problem can be addressed using reference-based imputation, delta adjustment, and tipping-point analysis. Our new framework tackles this problem analytically. We characterize the process that measures the response regardless of drug discontinuation, Z(t), using its association with two observable processes: time to drug dropout (T*), and the variable representing the response in a hypothetical world without drug discontinuation Y(t). We define the intervention discontinuation effect (IDE) as the unobservable process that quantifies the difference between Y(t) and Z(t) after T*. We express various well-known imputation rules as forms of the IDE. We model Y using mixed models and T* with the Royston-Parmar model. We build estimators for the marginal mean of Z given the estimated parameters for Y and T*. We demonstrate that this simple estimator building suits all studied rules and provide guidance to extend this methodology. With the proposed framework, we can analytically resolve a broad range of imputation rules and have right-censored treatment discontinuation. This methodology is more efficient and computationally faster than multiple imputation and, unlike Rubin’s variance estimator, presents no standard error over-estimation.
Operators versus functions: from quantum dynamical semigroups to tomographic semigroups
Creators: name: Aniello, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics can be formulated in terms of phase-space functions, according to Wigner's approach. A generalization of this approach consists in replacing the density operators of the standard formulation with suitable functions, the so-called generalized Wigner functions or (group-covariant) tomograms, obtained by means of group-theoretical methods. A typical problem arising in this context is to express the evolution of a quantum system in terms of tomograms. In the case of a (suitable) open quantum system, the dynamics can be described by means of a quantum dynamical semigroup 'in disguise', namely, by a semigroup of operators acting on tomograms rather than on density operators. We focus on a special class of quantum dynamical semigroups, the twirling semigroups, that have interesting applications, e.g., in quantum information science. The 'disguised counterparts' of the twirling semigroups, i.e., the corresponding semigroups acting on tomograms, form a class of semigroups of operators that we call tomographic semigroups. We show that the twirling semigroups and the tomographic semigroups can be encompassed in a unique theoretical framework, a class of semigroups of operators including also the probability semigroups of classical probability theory, so achieving a deeper insight into both the mathematical and the physical aspects of the problem.
description: 12 pages
title: Lobgesang und Gebeth als Ihre Majestät die Kaiserin Maria Ludovica die Hungarische Krone angenommen; 1808
title: von der israelitischen Nation in Hungarn mit grosser Feyerlichkeit in der Synagoge zu Pressburg gebethet am ... des Monaths Elul im Jahre 5568 (von Erschaffung der Welt) ... ; Aus dem Hebräischen = Shir u-tefila 'al yom 'ateret geveret hamamlakot Marya Ludoṿiḳa ba-'atara she'atru la vesikei erets hungarei useganeiha latet keter malekut be-roshah
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ben-Ze'ēv, Yehûdā Lêb
name: Maria Ludovika Österreich, Kaiserin
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2009

description: Text dt. und hebr.
Report of an Investigation of a Plan of Elimination of Grade Crossings on the A.T. & S.F. Ry. In the City of Pasadena, California
Creators: name: Bailly, Florent Houlding
name: Browder, Edward Marion
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1927
Subjects: subject: Civil Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: General Course
subject: Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway
subject: Pasadena, CA

description: The problem of the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe railroad in Pasadena is a very dynamic one, as is readily recognized by engineers, city officials, and laymen.  The route of the railroad was first laid out in the eighties and because of certain liberal concessions granted by the City of Pasadena, the right-of-way was located through Pasadena, despite the fact that the grade coming into the city either from Los Angeles or San Bernardino was enormous.  Some years later, other transcontinental routes of the Santa Fe out of Los Angles were sought, and a right-of-way was obtained by way of Fullerton and Riverside to San Bernardino, where this route joins the one from Los Angeles through Pasadena.  This route, however, is ten miles longer than the one through Pasadena, which means a considerable loss of time in a short diversion of approximately only sixty miles in length.
A Systematic Meta-Analysis of Demographic and Psychological Factors Underlying Online Misinformation Veracity Judgements
Creators: name: Sultan, Mubashir
name: Tump, Alan
name: Lorenz-Spreen, Philipp
name: Gollwitzer, Anton
name: Hertwig, Ralph
name: Kurvers, Ralf
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: analytical thinking
subject: cognitive reflection test
subject: CRT
subject: fake news
subject: false news
subject: illusory truth effect
subject: ITE
subject: meta-analysis
subject: misinformation
subject: motivated reasoning
subject: motivated reflection
subject: partisan bias
subject: prior exposure
subject: SDT
subject: signal detection theory
subject: systematic meta-analysis
subject: systematic review
subject: veracity

description: Protocol for a Systematic Meta-Analysis of Demographic and Psychological Factors Underlying Online Misinformation Veracity Judgements.
A closer look at the kernels generated by the decision and regression tree ensembles
Creators: name: Feng, Dai
name: Baumgartner, Richard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Tree ensembles can be interpreted as implicit kernel generators, where the ensuing proximity matrix represents the data-driven tree ensemble kernel. Focus of our work is the utility of tree based ensembles as kernel generators that (in conjunction with a regularized linear model) enable kernel learning. We elucidate the performance of the tree based random forest (RF) and gradient boosted tree (GBT) kernels in a comprehensive simulation study comprising of continuous and binary targets. We show that for continuous targets (regression), this kernel learning approach is competitive to the respective tree ensemble in higher dimensional scenarios, particularly in cases with larger number of noisy features. For the binary target (classification), the tree ensemble based kernels and their respective ensembles exhibit comparable performance. We provide the results from several real life data sets for regression and classification relevant for biopharmaceutical and biomedical applications, that are in line with the simulations to show how these insights may be leveraged in practice. We discuss general applicability and extensions of the tree ensemble based kernels for survival targets and interpretable landmarking in classification and regression. Finally, we outline future research for kernel learning due to feature space partitionings.
Ozone air quality and radiative forcing consequences of changes in ozone precursor emissions
Creators: name: West, J. Jason
name: Fiore, Arlene M.
name: Naik, Vaishali
name: Horowitz, Larry W.
name: Schwarzkopf, M. Daniel
name: Mauzerall, Denise L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Atmospheric ozone
Radiative forcing
Climatic changes
Tropospheric chemistry
Atmospheric chemistry

description: Changes in emissions of ozone (O3) precursors affect both air quality and climate. We first examine the sensitivity of surface O3 concentrations (O3srf) and net radiative forcing of climate (RFnet) to reductions in emissions of four precursors – nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-methane volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, and methane (CH4). We show that long-term CH4-induced changes in O3, known to be important for climate, are also relevant for air quality; for example, NOx reductions increase CH4, causing a long-term O3 increase that partially counteracts the direct O3 decrease. Second, we assess the radiative forcing resulting from actions to improve O3 air quality by calculating the ratio of ΔRFnet to changes in metrics of O3srf. Decreases in CH4 emissions cause the greatest RFnet decrease per unit reduction in O3srf, while NOx reductions increase RFnet. Of the available means to improve O3 air quality, therefore, CH4 abatement best reduces climate forcing.
A Short Thesis on Arc-Welding
Creators: name: Hall, Ray Irvin
name: Norquist, Carroll Oscar
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1927
Subjects: subject: Civil Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: During the past few years the attention of
architects, engineers and others encased in or connected
with the building industry has been attracted
to the possibilities of the application of welding
processes to the joining of structural members.
As oxy-acetylene welding was developed before electric
arc welding became perfected it was only natural
that the gas torch should be first considered.
It developed however on examination of the two processes
that while acetylene welding gave better results
in most cases it was only in the hands of experts
that it could consistently outscore the arc
as a welding medium. Arc-welding has the advantage
over the acetylene process, where each individual
operator must use his own judgement as to the proper
flame, in that a squad of arc-welders can work
under the direction of a single expert supervisor
who accepts the responsibility of fixing the current
value and of determining the proper size of
welding rod to be used on any given type of work.
In Wino Veritas? Indirect Searches Shed Light on Neutralino Dark Matter
Creators: name: Fan, JiJi
name: Reece, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Indirect detection constraints on gamma rays (both continuum and lines) have set strong constraints on wino dark matter. By combining results from Fermi-LAT and HESS, we show that: light nonthermal wino dark matter is strongly excluded; thermal wino dark matter is allowed only if the Milky Way dark matter distribution has a significant (>~0.4 kpc) core; and for plausible NFW and Einasto distributions the entire range of wino masses from 100 GeV up to 3 TeV can be excluded. The case of light, nonthermal wino dark matter is particularly interesting in scenarios with decaying moduli that reheat the universe to a low temperature. Typically such models have been discussed for low reheating temperatures, not far above the BBN bound of a few MeV. We show that constraints on the allowed wino relic density push such models to higher reheating temperatures and hence heavier moduli. Even for a flattened halo model consisting of an NFW profile with constant-density core inside 1 kpc and a density near the sun of 0.3 GeV/cm^3, for 150 GeV winos current data constrains the reheat temperature to be above 1.4 GeV. As a result, for models in which the wino mass is a loop factor below the gravitino mass, the data favor moduli that are more than an order of magnitude heavier than the gravitino. We discuss some of the sobering implications of this result for the status of supersymmetry. We also comment on other neutralino dark matter scenarios, in particular the case of mixed bino/higgsino dark matter. We show that in this case, direct and indirect searches are complementary to each other and could potentially cover most of the parameter space.
Assessing the Commonly Used Assumptions in Estimating the Principal Causal Effect in Clinical Trials
Creators: name: Qu, Yongming
name: Lipkovich, Ilya
name: Ruberg, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Abstract–In clinical trials, it is often of interest to understand the Principal Causal Effect (PCE), the average treatment effect for a principal stratum (a subset of patients defined by the potential outcomes of one or more post-baseline variables). Commonly used assumptions include monotonicity, principal ignorability, and cross-world assumptions of principal ignorability and principal strata independence. In this article, we evaluate these assumptions through a 2 × 2 cross-over study in which the potential outcomes under both treatments can be observed, provided there are no carry-over and study period effects. From this example, it seemed the monotonicity assumption and the within-treatment principal ignorability assumptions did not hold well. On the other hand, the assumptions of cross-world principal ignorability and cross-world principal stratum independence conditional on baseline covariates seemed reasonable. With the latter assumptions, we estimated the PCEs, defined by whether the blood glucose standard deviation increased in each treatment period, without relying on the cross-over feature, producing estimates close to the results when exploiting the cross-over feature. To the best of our knowledge, this article is the first attempt to evaluate the plausibility of commonly used assumptions for estimating PCEs using a cross-over trial.
Water Conservation in the City of Pasadena
Creators: name: Hale, Frank Sherman
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1927
Subjects: subject: Civil Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The object of this report will be to make a complete study of the water that is wasted in the storm drains of Pasadena and determine if there is any practical way of conserving this water.
Justification of the single-mode approximation for a finite-duration laser pulse interacting with an electron
Creators: name: Skoromnik, O. D.
name: Feranchuk, I. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction Hamiltonian of an electron and a quasi-monochromatic pulse of a strong quantized electromagnetic field is examined. Canonical transformations of the field variables are found that allow the division of the system's Hamiltonian in two parts. The first one describes the interaction between an electron and a single collective mode of the field. The properties of this mode are defined by the superposition of the modes corresponding to the pulse wave packet. The second part describes the field fluctuations relatively to the collective mode. The field intensity, pulse duration and transversal spread are estimated for which a single-mode approximation can be used for the system's description.
description: 18 pages
Gustav Mahr, Die Jüngere Latenekultur des Trierer Landes - Eine stilkundliche und chronologische Untersuchung auf Grund der Keramik und des Bestattungswesens
Creators: name: Frey, Otto-Herman
Publisher: name: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica
Year: 2023

description: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica, Bd. 1 (1970)
Angular Distributions of Higher Order Splitting Functions
Creators: name: Ovanesyan, Grigory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the angular distributions of the splitting functions for processes for which a parton splits into three partons. Unlike the case of coherent branching, we find that both in vacuum and in the presence of the dense QCD matter, such collinear splitting functions are neither ordered, nor anti-ordered. In the medium-induced splitting functions the angular distributions are broader compared to the similar vacuum distribution, a feature previously noticed from the lowest order medium-induced splitting functions.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, proceedings of QCD Evolution Workshop 2013
title: Using educational drama to improve outcomes for looked-after children
Creators: name: Barlow, Will
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2011

description: Educational attainment has long been seen as a strength factor in building the resilience of young people. This paper builds upon the work of Stevens, Kirkpatrick and McNicol (2008) and suggests that Educational Drama could have a positive effect on the literacy attainment of looked-after children in Scotland.
Bibliometric analysis of the transformation in air logistics operations in terms of digitalization and sustainability
Creators: name: Yavas, Volkan
name: Ozkan-Ozen, Yesim Deniz
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2022

description: Digitalization and sustainability are essential in today’s globalized business environment. Within the logistics sector, aviation plays a critical role in this dynamic environment by enabling rapid, safe transportation worldwide. While applying new approaches, air logistics processes should incorporate the tech-nologies and applications enabled by digitalization, and consider environmental, social, and economic sustainability impacts. These can be mutually beneficial in that new digital technologies can reduce environmental impacts, make a social contribution, and increase economic gains. While there is rapidly expanding literature about integrating these concepts for various purposes in different sectors, applications in air logistics are particularly promising. Accordingly, this study contributes to digital and sustainable air logistics research by iden-tifying current trends, revealing gaps in knowledge, and proposing future research directions. To do so, a literature review and a bibliometric analysis were conducted using VosViewer software. As a result, five potential research areas were proposed.
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 18 (2022) - More Visions online
MPEC 2023-V118 : 2019 UN1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Boundary Between Stable and Unstable Regimes of Accretion
Creators: name: Blinova, A. A.
name: Lovelace, R. V. E.
name: Romanova, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the boundary between stable and unstable regimes of accretion and its dependence on different parameters. Simulations were performed using a "cubed sphere" code with high grid resolution (244 grid points in the azimuthal direction), which is twice as high as that used in our earlier studies. We chose a very low viscosity value, with alpha-parameter alpha=0.02. We observed from the simulations that the boundary strongly depends on the ratio between magnetospheric radius r_m (where the magnetic stress in the magnetosphere matches the matter stress in the disk) and corotation radius r_cor (where the Keplerian velocity in the disk is equal to the angular velocity of the star). For a small misalignment angle of the dipole field, Theta=5 degrees, accretion is unstable if r_cor/r_m>1.35, and is stable otherwise. In cases of a larger misalignment angle of the dipole, Theta=20 degrees, instability occurs at slightly larger values, r_cor/r_m>1.41.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, conference proceedings: "Physics at the Magnetospheric Boundary", Geneva, Switzerland, 25-28 June, 2013
Wheat Outlook: September 2022
Creators: name: Sowell, Andrew
name: Swearingen, Bryn
name: Turner, Dylan
name: Tsiboe, Francis
name: Sowell, Andrew
name: Swearingen, Bryn
name: Turner, Dylan
name: Tsiboe, Francis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: wheat
subject: United States
subject: world
subject: production
subject: acres
subject: hectares
subject: trade
subject: price
subject: cost
subject: exports
subject: imports
subject: consumption
subject: food
subject: flour
subject: feed
subject: ending stocks
subject: seed use
subject: international

description: The September 2022 Wheat Outlook explains USDA’s changes in the official projections for U.S. and world wheat supply and use in the 2021/22 and 2022/23 marketing years that were released in the September 12 World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates report. A special article, "Factors Influencing Prevented Planting for Spring Wheat", is included.
MPEC 2023-V119 : 2020 JC3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
When a Good Policy Goes Bad
Creators: name: Namanji, Stella
Publisher: name: Visions for Sustainability
Year: 2022

description: I critically analyze the Uganda National Environment Management Policy (NEMP) from 1995. The big question is why Uganda continues to experience tremendous loss of forest resources while the NEMP, which set strong objectives towards forest conservation and management, has been in effect for nearly three decades. I apply Carol Bacchi’s “What’s the Problem Represented to be?” ap-proach to unpack how the problem of forest and biodiversity loss is represented in the NEMP, the underlying presuppositions that enliven it, and the processes and practices that led to the pervasiveness of these problem representations. In addition, I identify the silences and effects of the problem representations and ways in which the policy has been disseminated, defended, or contested. I have found that the language in NEMP around defining sustainability, biodiversity conservation, institutional collaboration, public participation, and marketiza-tion largely aligns with language promulgated in international treaties and institutions like the Convention on Biological Diversity and the FAO. The NEMP is therefore subject to the discursive critiques of these themes that scholars in various fields have developed in the past decades. While my analysis engages briefly with these critiques, my central argument centers on the active silences such as corruption and ignorance that underlie environmental injus-tices and that are worsening forest degradation. In conclusion, without ad-dressing these silences, the NEMP has little chance of slowing or reversing biodiversity loss.
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 18 (2022) - More Visions online
Emergence of new magic numbers N = 16 and 34 through tensor interaction in Skyrme Hartree Fock theory
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Rupayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Melting of N=20 shell and development of N = 16 and N = 34 shells for neutron-rich nuclei have been studied extensively through inclusion of tensor interaction in Skyrme Hartree Fock theory optimized to reproduce the splitting neutron 1f states of 40, 48Ca and 56Ni nuclei. Evolution of gap generated by the energy difference of single particle levels neutron 2s1/2 and neutron 1d3/2 state has been found to be responsible for the development of a shell closure at N = 16. The splitting pattern of spin-orbit partners 2p shell model state in Ca, Ti, Cr, Fe and Ni isotopes indicates formation of a new shell at N = 34 region.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures