cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Severity of Pre-existing Cerebral Small Vessel Disease is Associated with Outcome after Traumatic Brain Injury
Creators: name: Heninger, Nils
name: Izzy, Saef
name: Carandang, Raphael A.
name: Hall, Wiley R.
name: Muehlschlegel, Susanne
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Background and purpose: It is now well accepted that traumatic white matter injury constitutes a critical determinant of post-traumatic functional impairment. However, the contribution of pre-existing white matter rarefaction on outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is unknown. Hence, we sought to determine whether the burden of pre-existing cerebral small vessel disease related white matter rarefaction (leukoaraiosis) is independently associated with outcome after TBI.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive, prospectively enrolled patients of ≥50 years (n=136) that were admitted to a single neurological-trauma intensive care unit. Supratentorial white matter hypoattenuation on head CT was graded on a 5-point scale (range 0-4) reflecting increasing severity of leukoaraiosis. Outcome was ascertained according to the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) via telephone interview at 3 and 12 months, respectively.

Results: After adjustment for other factors, leukoaraiosis-severity was significantly associated with a poor outcome at 3 and 12 months as defined as mRS 3-6 and GOS 1-3, respectively. The independent association between leukoaraiosis and a poor outcome remained when the analysis was restricted to patients that survived to 3 months, had moderate-to-severe TBI (enrolment Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] ≤12; p=0.001), or had mild TBI (GCS 13-15; p=0.002), respectively.

Conclusion: We provide first evidence that pre-existing cerebral small vessel disease independently predicts a poor functional outcome after closed head TBI. This association is independent of other established outcome predictors such as age, comorbid state as well as intensive care unit complications and interventions. This knowledge may help improve prognostic accuracy, clinical management, and resource utilization.
From Images to Dark Matter: End-To-End Inference of Substructure From Hundreds of Strong Gravitational Lenses
Creators: name: Wagner-Carena, Sebastian
name: Aalbers, Jelle
name: Birrer, Simon
name: Nadler, Ethan O.
name: Darragh-Ford, Elise
name: Marshall, Philip J.
name: Wechsler, Risa H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraining the distribution of small-scale structure in our universe allows us to probe alternatives to the cold dark matter paradigm. Strong gravitational lensing offers a unique window into small dark matter halos ($<10^{10} M_\odot$) because these halos impart a gravitational lensing signal even if they do not host luminous galaxies. We create large datasets of strong lensing images with realistic low-mass halos, Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observational effects, and galaxy light from HST's COSMOS field. Using a simulation-based inference pipeline, we train a neural posterior estimator of the subhalo mass function (SHMF) and place constraints on populations of lenses generated using a separate set of galaxy sources. We find that by combining our network with a hierarchical inference framework, we can both reliably infer the SHMF across a variety of configurations and scale efficiently to populations with hundreds of lenses. By conducting precise inference on large and complex simulated datasets, our method lays a foundation for extracting dark matter constraints from the next generation of wide-field optical imaging surveys.
description: Code available at https://github.com/swagnercarena/paltas
Hecke algebras and the Schlichting completion for discrete quantum groups
Creators: name: Skalski, Adam
name: Vergnioux, Roland
name: Voigt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L67, 16T20, 20C08, 20G42, 46L05, 46L65

description: We introduce Hecke algebras associated to discrete quantum groups with commensurated quantum subgroups. We study their modular properties and the associated Hecke operators. In order to investigate their analytic properties we adapt the construction of the Schlichting completion to the quantum setting, thus obtaining locally compact quantum groups with compact open quantum subgroups. We study in detail a class of examples arising from quantum HNN extensions.
description: 44 pages
title: Evaluation of Antibiotic Properties of Diarylhydrazones, Diaryl Schiff-bases and Their Precursors
Creators: name: Horton, William
name: D'Amico, Kristina
name: Davis, Stephanie
name: Schafer, Christian
name: Beck, Gregory
name: Torok, Bela
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Parallel with the advancements in medical techniques and treatments, the microorganisms that we are constantly battling against are also evolving. Bacterial evolution is leading to an increasing number of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria. As the bacteria evolve, the antibiotics that are currently in use to combat bacterial diseases are becoming ineffective. FDA approval of new antibacterial agents decreased drastically over the past decade. Thus the design and synthesis of new classes of antibacterial agents, possibly with structures unrelated to the current antibiotics, as the next generation antibacterial agents is highly desirable. In the current work the antimicrobial effect of an extended library of about 80 diarylhydrazones, related diaryl Schiff-bases and their precursor compounds, aryl-carbonyl compounds and phenylhydrazines have been evaluated against Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus strains of bacteria. All compounds have been properly purified by recrystallization or column chromatography. The products were characterized by mass spectrometry and 1H, 13C and, when applicable, 19F NMR spectroscopy. While the diarylhydrazones and diaryl Schiff-bases were chosen due to their general biological activity, the carbonyl compounds and phenylhydrazines, that are their precursor compounds, were screened as possible metabolic products. Independent hydrolysis and mass spectrometric studies were also carried out under the generic assay conditions in order to determine the stability of the screened diarylhydrazones and Schiff-bases. The compounds have been tested in standard cytotoxicity assays using Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus strains. It was observed that the diarylhydrazones showed considerable activity against all three bacterial strains, while the diaryl Schiff-bases exhibited moderate to weak activity. The precursor compounds appeared to be inactive against the bacteria. The stability studies also indicated that the hydrazones as well as the Schiff-bases remained stable under the assay conditions.
QCD and strongly coupled gauge theories: challenges and perspectives
Creators: name: Brambilla, N.
name: Eidelman, S.
name: Foka, P.
name: Gardner, S.
name: Kronfeld, A. S.
name: Alford, M. G.
name: Alkofer, R.
name: Butenschoen, M.
name: Cohen, T. D.
name: Erdmenger, J.
name: Fabbietti, L.
name: Faber, M.
name: Goity, J. L.
name: Ketzer, B.
name: Lin, H. W.
name: Llanes-Estrada, F. J.
name: Meyer, H.
name: Pakhlov, P.
name: Pallante, E.
name: Polikarpov, M. I.
name: Sazdjian, H.
name: Schmitt, A.
name: Snow, W. M.
name: Vairo, A.
name: Vogt, R.
name: Vuorinen, A.
name: Wittig, H.
name: Arnold, P.
name: Christakoglou, P.
name: Di Nezza, P.
name: Fodor, Z.
name: Tormo, X. Garcia i
name: Höllwieser, R.
name: Kalwait, A.
name: Keane, D.
name: Kiritsis, E.
name: Mischke, A.
name: Mizuk, R.
name: Odyniec, G.
name: Papadodimas, K.
name: Pich, A.
name: Pittau, R.
name: Qiu, Jian-Wei
name: Ricciardi, G.
name: Salgado, C. A.
name: Schwenzer, K.
name: Stefanis, N. G.
name: von Hippel, G. M.
name: Zakharov, V. I .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We highlight the progress, current status, and open challenges of QCD-driven physics, in theory and in experiment. We discuss how the strong interaction is intimately connected to a broad sweep of physical problems, in settings ranging from astrophysics and cosmology to strongly-coupled, complex systems in particle and condensed-matter physics, as well as to searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. We also discuss how success in describing the strong interaction impacts other fields, and, in turn, how such subjects can impact studies of the strong interaction. In the course of the work we offer a perspective on the many research streams which flow into and out of QCD, as well as a vision for future developments.
description: 246 pp, around 128 figures; v2 adds material, references, and corrections suggested by readers of v1 -- to be submitted to EPJC
title: A Reconsideration of the Diagnosis and Management of Gastrointestinal Bleeding Based on its Epidemiology and Outcomes Analysis
Creators: name: Jawaid, Salmaan
name: Marya, Neil
name: Gondal, Bilal
name: Maranda, Louise
name: Marshall, Christopher
name: Charpentier, Joseph
name: Singh, Anupam
name: Foley, Anne
name: Cave, David R.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Background: Traditionally, gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) has been divided into upper and lower GIB with little consideration of the small bowel as a source. Furthermore, melena is generally included in the upper category, despite its poor localization value. We analyzed 341 consecutive GIB patients to see if those presenting with melena/hematocheiza have less efficient evaluations then when compared to those presenting with hematemesis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for 341 consecutive patients admitted to our ED with GIB over a year. Cohorts were separated based on presenting symptom to the ED, hematemesis (G1) and non-hematemesis (G2). Data obtained included demographics, diagnosis, number and type of procedure, diagnostic yield of each procedure, hours to diagnosis, ICU days, and total hospital days.

Results: G1 (n=105, 62%M) was younger than G2 (n=231, 53%M) with a mean age of 54 vs. 66, p≤0.001. 78% and 98% of patients were admitted to the hospital in G1 and G2 respectively (p=0.02). Median time to diagnosis was 14.0 hours and 20.0 hours for G1 and G2 respectively (p≤0.001). Median number of days in the ICU was 3.0 in both groups, and median number of hospital days was 3.0 for G1 vs. 4.0 for G2 (p=0.267). In G1, the 1st procedure was diagnostic 69% of the time vs 54% for G2 (p=0.07). The overall diagnostic yield for EGDs in G1 was 58% vs. 51% in G2 (p=0.279). Colonoscopies overall were diagnostic 39% of the time in G2 and, interestingly, VCEs were the most diagnostic, yielding a diagnosis 74% of the time in G2 (n= 34). Unexpectedly, those admitted in G1 had a confirmed diagnosis only 61% of the time compared to 62% in G2.

Conclusion: Our data suggests that a portion of patients presenting with non-hematemesis (G2) are inefficiently managed and a search for an alternative strategy is warranted. Early deployment of VCE may be a more efficient and economic option, although prospective evaluation of this concept is needed.
Unitary Minimal Liouville Gravity and Frobenius Manifolds
Creators: name: Belavin, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study unitary minimal models coupled to Liouville gravity using Douglas string equation. Our approach is based on the assumption that there exist an appropriate solution of the Douglas string equation and some special choice of the resonance transformation such that necessary selection rules of the minimal Liouville gravity are satisfied. We use the connection with the Frobenius manifold structure. We argue that the flat coordinates on the Frobenius manifold are the most appropriate choice for calculating correlation functions. We find the appropriate solution of the Douglas string equation and show that it has simple form in the flat coordinates. Important information is encoded in the structure constants of the Frobenius algebra. We derive these structure constants in the canonical coordinates and in the physically relevant domain in the flat coordinates. We find the leading terms of the resonance transformation and express the coefficients of the resonance transformation in terms of Jacobi polynomials.
description: 17 pages, typos corrected, acknowledgement added
Strategies of Circulation Restriction in Whistleblowing. The Pentagon Papers, WikiLeaks and Snowden Cases
Creators: name: Di Salvo, Philip
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2016

description: The Pentagon Papers, WikiLeaks and Edward Snowden are among the most topical whistleblowing cases where journalists got involved to publish articles based on leaked information. On occasion of these major leaks, strategies of circulation restrictions were activated in order to stop the dissemination of the leaked material. In the Pentagon Papers case, The New York Times first published the material and received a restraining order to stop the publication (Diamond 1993); WikiLeaks was targeted with digital DDoS attacks aimed at putting it offline. In the case of Edward Snowden, The Guardian was instead forced to physically destroy hard drives where leaked documents were allegedly stored (Greenwald 2014a). This paper analyses the evolution of content circulation restriction strategies and their effectiveness in whistleblowing cases by means of the three aforementioned case studies, focusing on the material nature of the leaked documents. The analysis focuses on issues of digital materialization, content circulation and journalism, contributing to the debate on these topics in STS.
description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2016): Tecnoscienza Nr. 13
Tidal Dissipation and Obliquity Evolution in Hot Jupiter Systems
Creators: name: Valsecchi, Francesca
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two formation scenarios have been proposed to explain the tight orbits of hot Jupiters. They could be formed in orbits with a small inclination (with respect to the stellar spin) via disk migration, or in more highly inclined orbits via high-eccentricity migration, where gravitational interactions with a companion and tidal dissipation are at play. Here we target hot Jupiter systems where the misalignment $λ$ has been inferred observationally and we investigate whether their properties are consistent with high-eccentricity migration. Specifically, we study whether stellar tides can be responsible for the observed distribution of $λ$ and orbital separations. Improving on previous studies, we use detailed models for each star, thus accounting for how convection (and tidal dissipation) depends on stellar properties. In line with observations suggesting that hotter stars have higher $λ$, we find that $λ$ increases as the amount of stellar surface convection decreases. This trend supports the hypothesis that tides are the mechanism shaping the observed distribution of $λ$. Furthermore, we study the past orbital evolution of five representative systems, chosen to cover a variety of temperatures and misalignments. We consider various initial orbital configurations and integrate the equations describing the coupled evolution of the orbital separation, stellar spin, and misalignment. We account for stellar tides and wind mass loss, stellar evolution, and magnetic braking. We show that the current properties of these five representative systems can be explained naturally, given our current understanding of tidal dissipation and with physically motivated assumptions for the effects driving the orbital evolution.
description: 26 pages, 19 Figures, 4 Tables. Accepted by ApJ. Added modeling of WASP-16 (aligned, Section 5.5). Sections 6 and 7 have been updated/clarified. Tables 3 and 4 have been updated (the ApJ version of Table 3 includes the error bars on orbital period and planetary mass)
title: Providing an Adaptive Research Data Infrastructure for Clinical and Translational Investigators
Creators: name: Amsbaugh, Bill
name: Ellis, Steven
name: Guilarte-Murphy, Yurima
name: Jones, Tyrone
name: Leonard, Robert
name: Ranauro, Paul J.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Data in its many forms is a critical component of effective and productive research. As technology continues to evolve, and the volume and variety of sources of data continue to grow, accessing and leveraging all of this information is an ever increasing challenge. Concurrently, technology and information science is also driving novel ways to analyze, visualize, process and store this increasing amount of data. The ability to take advantage of these growth areas in order to aid the research efforts of the university is a critical need. The challenge to bring all of these various components into a unified resource for the university is a prodigious and multidimensional one. A subsection of the target data streams and sources include primary source clinical data, secondary source research data, clinical trials research data, financial data, genomic data to name a few. These sources reside in multiple SQL databases, HL7 message streams, hospital tracking systems, billing systems, surveys and others. To aid in overcoming this challenge, there is an ambitious effort underway to create a platform that will facilitate the aforementioned goals. The IT department, through the efforts of its Research Computing Services division will be embarking on this leading-edge, collaborative, and much needed data repository. The proposed design of the repository will take the form of a data aggregation layer capable of handling many disparate data feeds and sources, storing data in ways that support multiple access and analysis methods, all while providing researchers with increased tools and visibility.If our ability to manage and learn from this rapid increase of information and technologies grows, then so will our research opportunities. The effect will bring new innovations to the research community here at the university and by extension the community at large.
Plants as Digital Things. The Global Circulation of Future Breeding Options and their Storage in Gene Banks
Creators: name: Alpsancar, Suzana
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2016

description: Seeds have traditionally been collected according to their reproductive cycles, i.e. the time when they lose their potential of becoming a real plant. Therefore, the locations of botanic gardens or seed banks imply the vicinity of agricultural land. This article exemplifies the transformation of plant collections into gene and data banks by investigating the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (SGSV) in Norway and the German Genebank for Fruit Crops (DGO). It shows that international efforts to safeguard biodiversity by intertwining them with bioinformatics infrastructure transform seeds and other plant genetic material into digitalized objects. The almost virtual genetic material, now stored without the neighborhood of acres or gardens, is, at the same time, seen as “options” for new high-tech plants, which might be transplanted to a future territory. Consequently, plant varieties are circulating around the globe in form of genetic material and data. The article shows that the digitalization induces a specific distinction between the material and the digital flows of plants.
description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2016): Tecnoscienza Nr. 13
title: Enhancing Antibiotic Activity Using Nanomaterial-Antibiotic Conjugates
Creators: name: Jayawardena, H. Surangi N.
name: De Zoysa, Thareendra
name: Jayawardana, Kalana W.
name: Boiko, Scott T.
name: Yan, Mingdi
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: We demonstrate that streptomycin conjugated on silica nanoparticles (SNP-Str) can be used to effectively target streptomycin-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria by lowering the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of streptomycin up to 2 log folds. Silica nanoparticles were synthesized with an average diameter of 80, 50 and 30 nm, respectively. Streptomycin was then covalently conjugated to SNP using efficient photocoupling chemistry. The MIC for free streptomycin sulfate was recorded as a high 2.0 mg/mL for an engineered Strr mutant E. coli ORN 208. Conjugating the streptomycin to SNP resulted in the decrease in MIC to 161 μg/mL, 63 μg/mL, and 19 μg/mL for SNP of 80, 50 and 30 nm, respectively. In this poster, the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of SNP-Str will be presented and discussed.
The three dimensional Ising spin glass in an external magnetic field: the role of the silent majority
Creators: name: Janus Collaboration
name: Baity-Jesi, M.
name: Banos, R. A.
name: Cruz, A.
name: Fernandez, L. A.
name: Gil-Narvion, J. M.
name: Gordillo-Guerrero, A.
name: Iniguez, D.
name: Maiorano, A.
name: Mantovani, F.
name: Marinari, E.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
name: Monforte-Garcia, J.
name: Sudupe, A. Munoz
name: Navarro, D.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Perez-Gaviro, S.
name: Pivanti, M.
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, F.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
name: Schifano, S. F.
name: Seoane, B.
name: Tarancon, A.
name: Tripiccione, R.
name: Yllanes, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform equilibrium parallel-tempering simulations of the 3D Ising Edwards-Anderson spin glass in a field. A traditional analysis shows no signs of a phase transition. Yet, we encounter dramatic fluctuations in the behaviour of the model: Averages over all the data only describe the behaviour of a small fraction of it. Therefore we develop a new approach to study the equilibrium behaviour of the system, by classifying the measurements as a function of a conditioning variate. We propose a finite-size scaling analysis based on the probability distribution function of the conditioning variate, which may accelerate the convergence to the thermodynamic limit. In this way, we find a non-trivial spectrum of behaviours, where a part of the measurements behaves as the average, while the majority of them shows signs of scale invariance. As a result, we can estimate the temperature interval where the phase transition in a field ought to lie, if it exists. Although this would-be critical regime is unreachable with present resources, the numerical challenge is finally well posed.
description: 42 pages, 19 figures. Minor changes and added figure (results unchanged)
Light scatter based label-free assessment of mitochondrial morphology and dynamics
Creators: name: Naser, Mohammad
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Live-cell imaging has become increasingly important to the scientific community as researchers aim to understand the morphology and dynamics of the subcellular structures. Specifically, mitochondrial morphology under healthy and pathologic conditions is an emerging area of interest, with applications in neuroprotective drug discovery amongst many. Fluorescent dyes act as the current biological gold standard for visualizing organelles in  live-cell imaging, yet they have been shown to cause adverse effects on subcellular functions, prompting the development of alternate, “label-free”, methods of imaging. By employing Optical Scatter Imaging (OSI), which is based on optical Fourier filtering where scattered light is filtered by the hardware using size and orientation sensitive Gabor filters, images can be acquired label-free and processed to extract morphometric data. As groundwork for developing a label-free method for probing mitochondria, we first demonstrated that optical scatter imaging with principal component analysis (PCA) can classify apoptosis-competent Bax/Bak-expressing, and apoptosis resistant Bax/Bak-null immortalized baby mouse kidney (iBMK) cells without the use of fluorescent labels. Furthermore, in Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells (BAEC), a different cell type, we revealed that label-free Optical Scatter Imaging (OSI) can be combined with digital segmentation to create dynamic subcellular masks. These masks can be used to extract the “orientedness” of organelles, which corresponds to an organelle’s degree of orientation, allowing the quantification of organelle morphology during cell injury induced by calcium overload. In order to optimize this label free imaging and processing method for neuronal mitochondria, we applied a size-encoding parameter, “Smax”. All in all, we have developed different approaches to detect and quantify morphological changes associated with mitochondria and other organelles in three different cell-types and we have compared the results with a fluorescent data. This ultimately implies that our label-free imaging technique can be modified for use in many cell types, enabling numerous possible research applications in organelle visualization.
title: Interactions of Carbohydrate-conjugated Nanoparticles with Mycobacterium Smegmatis
Creators: name: Jayawardana, Kalana W.
name: Jayawardena, H. Surangi N.
name: De Zoysa, Thareendra
name: Yan, Mingdi
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Mycobacterium smegmatis is a non-pathogenic microorganism and has been widely used as a model organism to study infections caused by M. tuberculosis and other mycobacterial pathogens. We report that nanoparticles conjugated with selected carbohydrate show a striking increase in the surface adherence by M. smegmatis. This applies to silica nanoparticles and magnetic nanoparticles ranging from 100 nm to 5 nm. Under the same experimental conditions, minimum adhesion was observed for unfunctionalized nanoparticles. The synthesis and characterization of the glyconanoparticles will be presented. The finding is applied to imaging M. smegmatis infected lung epithelial cells, and the results will be discussed.
Polaroid 2.0. Photo-Objects and Analogue Instant Photography in the Digital Age
Creators: name: Minniti, Sergio
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2016

description: The article focuses on the reconfiguration of analogue instant photography (Polaroid-like) in the digital age. Drawing on STS literature on the mutual shaping of users and technology, and on anthropology and the history of photography, it adopts the concept of “photo-object” to discuss how the digitalization of photography stimulated a change in the cultural significance of materiality in the context of aspirational amateur photography, thus showing how this triggered a redefinition of instant photography as a more authentic form of aspirational practice. The article is based on empirical data collected during a multi-sited ethnography conducted in Italy between 2014 and 2015. By focusing on Polaroid’s “objectness” and its dialectical tension with the immateriality of digital photography, the paper highlights an increasingly common process of circulation between analogue and digital photographic environments and argues that this process of circulation can be conceived in terms of a “remediation” process between analogue and digital practices.
description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2016): Tecnoscienza Nr. 13
The Frobenius character of the Orlik-Terao algebra of type A
Creators: name: Pagaria, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N20, 55R80, 20C30

description: We provide a new virtual description of the symmetric group action on the cohomology of ordered configuration space on SU_2 up to translations. We use this formula to prove the Moseley-Proudfoot-Young conjecture. As a consequence we obtain the graded Frobenius character of the Orlik-Terao algebra of type A_n.
description: 12 pages, corrected a lemma and added generating functions
title: Postural Stability is Reduced in People with Multiple Sclerosis due to Walking-imposed Fatigue
Creators: name: Jones, Stephanie L.
name: Busa, Michael A.
name: Averill, Julianna L.
name: van Emmerik, Richard E. A.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: The most limiting symptoms reported by individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are impaired balance and symptomatic fatigue. We have reported greater postural sway and reduced stability following local muscular fatigue in individuals with MS, suggesting that these symptoms may be related. However, it is unknown whether a similar relationship exists with modest increases in fatigue resulting from an activity of daily living (ADL). Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine whether walking has a greater impact on balance during postural tasks in people with MS (PwMS) compared to those without. Seven PwMS (43±12 yrs, 6F/1M) and 10 controls (CON; 42±12 yrs, 7F/3M) performed postural tasks (quiet stance, fixed/maximal reaches) pre/post 30 minutes of treadmill walking at a range of speeds (0.6-1.4 m/s). Individuals rated their fatigue pre/post walking using a Visual Analog Scale. Kinematic data were recorded using a passive marker system (Qualysis AB) and kinetic data were recorded using two forceplates (AMTI), one under each foot. The net center of pressure was analysed using a time to contact analysis to assess postural stability. Following prolonged walking PwMS demonstrated greater reductions in stability than the CON group during the most challenging task (P=0.04), that may be related to increased fatigue (P<0.0001) following walking. PwMS demonstrated greater stability than the CON group for maximal reaches (backward, P=0.009; forward, P=0.03 frontal plane only), which may be explained by reduced reach distances performed by the PwMS (backward, P=0.2; forward, P=0.008). These findings suggest that PwMS place a higher priority on stability, than maximal reach distance, which could relate to fall-related fear or specific disease-related limitations. These findings indicate that postural stability is reduced in PwMS following a common ADL, thus individuals with MS should be counseled on the increased likelihood of balance loss with heightened fatigue, even at relatively low levels.
Digital Circulation: Media, Materiality, Infrastructures. An Introduction
Creators: name: Magaudda, Paolo
name: Balbi, Gabriele
name: Delfanti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2016

description: The concept of “digital circulation”, together with the idea of “social life of digital things”, is highly evocative. Yet science and technology studies have not addressed it in depth to date. This introduction looks at the major converging dimensions examined in the papers in the first part of a special issue focusing on the notion of digital circulation. Specifically, if focuses on digital circulaton’s material ontology and on the infrastructures that sustain the processes of circulation, seeing them as pivotal points in theoretical considerations aimed at bridging science and technology studies, media and communication studies and other neighboring fields. This introduction also provides an overview of the articles that make up this issue of Tecnoscienza.
description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2016): Tecnoscienza Nr. 13
title: A Prospective Randomized Comparison of Patient Specific Instruments with Standard TKA Instrumentation
Creators: name: Kane, Christina
name: Porter, Anthony
name: Franklin, Patricia D.
name: Ayers, David C.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Patient specific instruments (PSI), an alternative to standard total knee arthroplasty (TKA) technology, have shown mixed results regarding effectiveness in previous studies. This study evaluated the accuracy of the predicted PSI plan, compared incremental cost savings with PSI, and compared outcomes of PSI and standard TKA patients.

Patients and Methods: This randomized, prospective feasibility study included 19 primary TKA patients receiving a cruciate-retaining cemented prosthesis from a single surgeon (DCA). 9 patients randomized to PSI received a pre-operative knee MRI for PSI fabrication using proprietary software.10 standard TKAs were completed. Operative data collected included operating times, implant details, femoral (medial/lateral distal and posterior) and tibial (medial/lateral) resections, and instrument trays used. Hospitalization data collected included length of stay, blood loss, drain output, and transfusions. SF-36 and WOMAC scores, routine radiographic analysis, and femoral-tibial angles were collected pre- and post-operatively. Costs of operating room use and anesthesia, implants, and hospitalization were collected. Statistical analyses included t-tests and chi-square tests.

Results: All implant sizes matched surgical team adjusted PSI software plans. Flexion gap resection (posterior medial/lateral femur) was extremely accurate (average <1 >mm). Sagittal plane tibial component posterior slope was larger in PSI TKA (mean 7.3 degrees) than standard instrumentation (mean 4.2 degrees) (p0.05). There were no differences in operating room times or hospitalization data, and there were no significant differences in functional outcomes between the two groups (p>0.05). PSI patients used 4 fewer instrument trays per case (p<0.0001).

Conclusion: PSI TKA demonstrated outstanding accuracy in bone resection when compared with the pre-operative plan, and resulted in appropriate limb and component alignment with primary TKA. The number of instrument trays used in PSI TKA was significantly less than standard TKA, which led to less cost for instrument sterilization and assembly.
title: Radiostereometric Analysis of Femoral Head Penetration in Cross-Linked Polyethylene in THR Patients
Creators: name: Kane, Christina
name: Porter, Anthony
name: Snyder, Benjamin
name: Walcott, Marie
name: Aubin, Michelle E.
name: Drew, Jacob M.
name: Greene, Meridith
name: Malchau, Henrik
name: Bragdon, Charles R.
name: Ayers, David
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Background: In the young total hip replacement (THR) population limiting polyethylene liner wear is crucial to preventing premature implant failure. Highly cross-linked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (HXLPE) liners were designed to improve wear resistance of polyethylene liners. Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) provides highly precise measurements of liner wear. This study utilized RSA to characterize wear of conventional versus HXLPE liners up to five years following THR.

Methods: This IRB-approved, prospective, randomized, blinded study, involved 46 patients with a mean age of 58 and BMI of 30. Each patient was double randomized to receive a conventional or HXLPE liner with an uncemented titanium mesh or tantalum trabecular metal cup. Both liners were prepared from compression-molded GUR 1050 resin without calcium stearate, while HXLPE liners undergo further e-beam irradiation and annealing. At the time of surgery, 1mm tantalum RSA markers were implanted around the liner periphery, femur and periacetabular bone. RSA examinations, Harris Hip, UCLA, WOMAC, SF-36 scores were obtained pre-operatively, post-operatively, at six weeks, six months and annually through five years.

Results: All patients had statistically significant improvement in Harris Hip, WOMAC and SF-36 PCS scores following THR with no difference between cohorts. On RSA examination, of titanium shells, HXLPE liners revealed significantly lower femoral head penetration at each follow up except six weeks and six months (p<0.003, Figure 1), and a significantly lower polyethylene wear rate compared to conventional liners from one to five years follow up (0.002 mm/year vs. 0.04 mm/year). Penetration in the radiodense tantalum shells was calculated by a novel fictive head measurement technique and showed similar results.

Conclusion: In this young THR population RSA shows significantly less femoral head penetration in the HXLPE liners compared to conventional liners. Novel RSA techniques have been developed to determine polyethylene wear in patients.
Entanglement entropy and entanglement spectrum of triplet topological superconductors
Creators: name: Oliveira, T. P.
name: Ribeiro, P.
name: Sacramento, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the entanglement entropy properties of a two-dimensional p-wave superconductor with Rashba spin-orbit coupling, which displays a rich phase-space that supports non-trivial topological phases, as the chemical potential and the Zeeman term are varied. We show that the entanglement entropy and its derivatives clearly signal the topological transitions and provides a sensible signature of each topological phase. We separately analyse the contributions to the entanglement entropy that are proportional to or independent of the perimeter of the system, as a function of the Hamiltonian coupling constants and the geometry of the subsystem. We conclude that both contributions are generically non-universal depending on the specific Hamiltonian parameters and on the particular geometry. Nevertheless, contributions to the entanglement entropy due to different kinds of boundaries or edges simply add up. We also observe a relationship between a topological contribution to the entanglement entropy in a half- cylinder geometry and the number of edge states, and that the entanglement spectrum has robust modes associated with each edge state.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Plasmonic Nanoslit Array Enhanced Metal-Semiconductor-Metal Optical Detectors
Creators: name: Eryilmaz, Sukru Burc
name: Tidin, Onur
name: Okyay, Ali K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metallic nanoslit arrays integrated on germanium metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors show many folds of absorption enhancement for transverse-magnetic polarization in the telecommunication C-band. Such high enhancement is attributed to resonant interference of surface plasmon modes at the metal-semiconductor interface. Horizontal surface plasmon modes were reported earlier to inhibit photodetector performance. We computationally show, however, that horizontal modes enhance the efficiency of surface devices despite reducing transmitted light in the far field.
description: This is revised in accordance with publisher's requirements. DOI is included in the manuscript
Hard probe path lengths and event-shape engineering of the quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Beattie, Caitlin
name: Nijs, Govert
name: Sas, Mike
name: van der Schee, Wilke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As particles traverse the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed during a heavy ion collision they undergo energy loss depending on the distance travelled. We study several temperature- and velocity-weighted path length distributions of non-interacting particles as they traverse the plasma using the Trajectum heavy ion code, including those of back-to-back path lengths. We use event-shape engineering (ESE) in combination with in-plane versus out-of-plane selection to accurately control these path lengths. Lastly, we show how soft observables depend on the different ESE classes.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. Trajectum can be downloaded at https://sites.google.com/view/govertnijs/trajectum, output files and plotting routines at http://wilkevanderschee.nl/. v2: matches published version
Optimal quantum parametric feedback cooling
Creators: name: Manikandan, Sreenath K.
name: Qvarfort, Sofia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an optimal protocol using phase-preserving quantum measurements and phase-dependent modulations of the trapping potential at parametric resonance to cool a quantum oscillator to an occupation number of less than one quantum. We derive the optimal phase relationship and duration for the parametric modulations, and compute the lowest-possible occupation number in the steady state. The protocol is robust against moderate amounts of dissipation and phase errors in the feedback loop. Our work has implications for the cooling of levitated mechanical resonators in the quantum regime.
description: 19 pages, of which 6 are the main text and the remainder supplemental material, 7 figures
A New Triennium (2016-18)
Creators: name: Magaudda, Paolo
name: Bruni, Attila
name: Perrotta, Manuela
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2016

description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2016): Tecnoscienza Nr. 13
STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THRUSTS, FOLDS AND FRACTURES IN QUARRY EXPOSURES OF PERMIAN LIMESTONES, PAK CHONG, NAKHON RATCHIMA PROVINCE, CENTRAL THAILAND: IMPLICATION FOR FRACTURED RESERVOIR DEVELOPMENT IN NE THAILAND
Creators: name: Natapol Kuenphan
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Permian limestone, fractured reservoir, Khao Khad Formation, stable isotope, structural evolution, fluid flow evolution

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 68-78
Seismic Sequence Stratigraphy Analysis in the Gulf of Moattama, Offshore Myanmar
Creators: name: Noppadol Boonsawang
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Gulf of Moattama, Seismic sequence stratigraphy, Turbidite

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 79-85
Large Itinerant Electron Exchange Coupling in the Magnetic Topological Insulator MnBi2Te4
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, Hari
name: Stoica, Vladimir A.
name: Kim, Peter
name: Poore, Maxwell
name: Yang, Tiannan
name: Shen, Xiaozhe
name: Reid, Alexander H.
name: Lin, Ming-Fu
name: Park, Suji
name: Yang, Jie
name: Wang, Huaiyu
name: Koocher, Nathan Z.
name: Puggioni, Danilo
name: Min, Lujin
name: Lee, Seng-Huat
name: Mao, Zhiqiang
name: Rondinelli, James M.
name: Lindenberg, Aaron M.
name: Chen, Long-Qing
name: Wang, Xijie
name: Averitt, Richard D.
name: Freeland, John W.
name: Gopalan, Venkatraman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetism in topological materials creates phases exhibiting quantized transport phenomena with applications in spintronics and quantum information. The emergence of such phases relies on strong interaction between localized spins and itinerant states comprising the topological bands, and the subsequent formation of an exchange gap. However, this interaction has never been measured in any intrinsic magnetic topological material. Using a multimodal approach, this exchange interaction is measured in MnBi2Te4, the first realized intrinsic magnetic topological insulator. Interrogating nonequilibrium spin dynamics, itinerant bands are found to exhibit a strong exchange coupling to localized Mn spins. Momentum-resolved ultrafast electron scattering and magneto-optic measurements reveal that itinerant spins disorder via electron-phonon scattering at picosecond timescales. Localized Mn spins, probed by resonant X-ray scattering, disorder concurrently with itinerant spins, despite being energetically decoupled from the initial excitation. Modeling the results using atomistic simulations, the exchange coupling between localized and itinerant spins is estimated to be >100 times larger than superexchange interactions. This implies an exchange gap of >25 meV should occur in the topological surface states. By directly quantifying local-itinerant exchange coupling, this work validates the materials-by-design strategy of utilizing localized magnetic order to create and manipulate magnetic topological phases, from static to ultrafast timescales.
Seismic Facies Interpretation of Fluvial/Marginal Marine Sand Architecture in Kra Basin, Gulf of Thailand
Creators: name: Parichat Wainuson
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Kra Basin, Fluvial Sand Architecture, Stratal Slices

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 86-94
Maturity Modeling of Gomin and South Gomin fields Southern Pattani Basin, Gulf of Thailand
Creators: name: Patinya Jaithan
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Gomin and South Gomin Fields, Maturity Modeling, Hydrocarbon Generation

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 5, 2, 95-101
Identification of the progenitors of rich clusters and member galaxies in rapid formation at z>2
Creators: name: Shimakawa, Rhythm
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Tadaki, Ken-ichi
name: Tanaka, Ichi
name: Hayashi, Masao
name: Koyama, Yusei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of near-infrared spectroscopy of H$α$ emitters (HAEs) associated with two protoclusters around radio galaxies (PKS1138-262 at $z$=2.2 and USS1558-003 at $z$=2.5) with Multi-Object Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru telescope. Among the HAE candidates constructed from our narrow-band imaging, we have confirmed membership of 27 and 36 HAEs for the respective protoclusters, with a success rate of 70 per cent of our observed targets. The large number of spectroscopically confirmed members per cluster has enabled us for the first time to reveal the detailed kinematical structures of the protoclusters at $z$$>$2. The clusters show prominent substructures such as clumps, filaments and velocity gradients, suggesting that they are still in the midst of rapid construction to grow to rich clusters at later times. We also estimate dynamical masses of the clusters and substructures assuming their local virialization. The inferred masses ($\sim$10$^{14}$M$_\odot$) of the protocluster cores are consistent with being typical progenitors of the present-day most massive class of galaxy clusters ($\sim$10$^{15}$M$_\odot$) if we take into account the typical mass growth history of clusters. We then calculated the integrated star formation rates of the protocluster cores normalized by the dynamical masses, and compare these with lower redshift descendants. We see a marked increase of star-forming activities in the cluster cores, by almost three orders of magnitude, as we go back in time to 11 billion years ago; this scales as (1$+$$z$)$^6$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in the MNRAS Letter