cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PRODUCER INCENTIVES FOR ANTIBIOTIC USE IN U.S. PORK PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Miller, Gay Y.
name: Liu, Xuanli
name: McNamara, Paul E.
name: Bush, Eric J.
name: Miller, Gay Y.
name: Liu, Xuanli
name: McNamara, Paul E.
name: Bush, Eric J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Antibiotics have been used in animal production for several decades. Antibiotics are used routinely now in pork production (NAHMS 2002). There is increasing concern about the use of antibiotics in animal production. There is no hard evidence supporting the link of antibiotic use in animals to observations of antibiotic resistance infections in people. Nonetheless a careful examination of the value of continued antibiotic use in agricultural, and in pork production in particular is warranted. Therefore, the objective of our study is to validate the productivity and economic impacts of antibiotic use for pig producers at the farm level. We use data from the NAHMS 2000 swine survey. We estimate the combined affects from antibiotics used for growth promotion (AGP) and antibiotics used for disease prevention (ADP) on 4 productivity measures. We also estimate the economic impact of AGP and ADP for individual pig producers. We estimate these 4 productivity measures using seemingly unrelated regression analysis. We evaluate 4 scenarios which ban antibiotic use, and use a simple synthetic firm partial budget to estimate the economic consequences of these scenarios. We find that pig productivity is improved with AGP, but decreased with ADP. A total ban on AGP would cost pig producers $1,271 in lost profits per 1,020 head pig barn. A total ban on ADP however, would result in pig producers improving profits slightly. This occurs because productivity is negatively influenced by ADP. A ban of both AGP and ADP results in a small loss of producer profits ($376/1,020 head barn) because of the offsetting effects of ADP compared to AGP. Producers have higher profits when AGP and ADP are applied at levels where pig productivity is maximized. In this case, producers gain $4,146 for each 1,020 head barn compared to no antibiotic use.
Solvent-Free Organic Synthesis: A Step Toward Sustainable Chemistry
Creators: name: R Chaudhari, Ganesh
name: G Chaudhari, Devesh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: solvent-free organic synthesis has emerged as a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to chemical reactions. By eliminating or minimizing the use of volatile organic solvents, this methodology reduces environmental pollution, enhances reaction efficiency, and aligns with the principles of green chemistry. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of solvent-free synthesis, including its principles, mechanisms, advantages, and applications in various organic transformations. We discuss recent advancements in mechanochemistry, microwave-assisted synthesis, and green catalytic processes, emphasizing their role in sustainable chemistry. The review also presents a comparative analysis of solvent-free methodologies versus traditional solvent-based reactions, along with potential future directions for this evolving field. Additionally, challenges and limitations associated with solvent-free synthesis are discussed to provide a balanced perspective on this emerging domain.
Solvent-Free Organic Synthesis: A Step Toward Sustainable Chemistry
Creators: name: R Chaudhari, Ganesh
name: R Chaudhari, Devesh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: solvent-free organic synthesis has emerged as a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to chemical reactions. By eliminating or minimizing the use of volatile organic solvents, this methodology reduces environmental pollution, enhances reaction efficiency, and aligns with the principles of green chemistry. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of solvent-free synthesis, including its principles, mechanisms, advantages, and applications in various organic transformations. We discuss recent advancements in mechanochemistry, microwave-assisted synthesis, and green catalytic processes, emphasizing their role in sustainable chemistry. The review also presents a comparative analysis of solvent-free methodologies versus traditional solvent-based reactions, along with potential future directions for this evolving field. Additionally, challenges and limitations associated with solvent-free synthesis are discussed to provide a balanced perspective on this emerging domain.
Thermodynamic origin of order parameters in mean-field models of spin glasses
Creators: name: Janis, V.
name: Zdeborova, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze thermodynamic behavior of general $n$-component mean-field spin glass models in order to identify origin of the hierarchical structure of the order parameters from the replica-symmetry breaking solution. We derive a configurationally dependent free energy with local magnetizations and averaged local susceptibilities as order parameters. On an example of the replicated Ising spin glass we demonstrate that the hierarchy of order parameters in mean-field models results from the structure of inter-replica susceptibilities. These susceptibilities serve for lifting the degeneracy due to the existence of many metastable states and for recovering thermodynamic homogeneity of the free energy.
description: REVTeX4, 13 pages, 8 EPS figures
SPATIAL SEARCH IN COMMERCIAL FISHING: A DISCRETE CHOICE DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING APPROACH
Creators: name: Smith, Martin D.
name: Provencher, Bill
name: Smith, Martin D.
name: Provencher, Bill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: We specify a discrete choice dynamic programming model of commercial fishing participation and location choices. This approach allows us to examine how fishermen collect information about resource abundance and whether their behavior is forward-looking.
Restframe I-band Hubble diagram for type Ia supernovae up to redshift z ~0.5
Creators: name: Project, The Supernova Cosmology
name: :
name: Nobili, S.
name: Amanullah, R.
name: Garavini, G.
name: Goobar, A.
name: Lidman, C.
name: Stanishev, V.
name: Aldering, G.
name: Antilogus, P.
name: Astier, P.
name: Burns, M. S.
name: Conley, A.
name: Deustua, S. E.
name: Ellis, R.
name: Fabbro, S.
name: Fadeyev, V.
name: Folatelli, G.
name: Gibbons, R.
name: Goldhaber, G.
name: Groom, D. E.
name: Hook, I.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Kim, A. G.
name: Knop, R. A.
name: Nugent, P. E.
name: Pain, R.
name: Perlmutter, S.
name: Quimby, R.
name: Raux, J.
name: Regnault, N.
name: Ruiz-Lapuente, P.
name: Sainton, G.
name: Schahmaneche, K.
name: Smith, E.
name: Spadafora, A. L.
name: Thomas, R. C.
name: Wang, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel technique for fitting restframe I-band light curves on a data set of 42 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Using the result of the fit, we construct a Hubble diagram with 26 SNe from the subset at 0.01< z<0.1. Adding two SNe at z~0.5 yields results consistent with a flat Lambda-dominated``concordance universe'' ($Ω_M,Ω_Λ$)=(0.25,0.75). For one of these, SN 2000fr, new near infrared data are presented. The high redshift supernova NIR data are also used to test for systematic effects in the use of SNe Ia as distance estimators. A flat, Lambda=0, universe where the faintness of supernovae at z~0.5 is due to grey dust homogeneously distributed in the intergalactic medium is disfavoured based on the high-z Hubble diagram using this small data-set. However, the uncertainties are large and no firm conclusion may be drawn. We explore the possibility of setting limits on intergalactic dust based on B-I and B-V colour measurements, and conclude that about 20 well measured SNe are needed to give statistically significant results. We also show that the high redshift restframe I-band data points are better fit by light curve templates that show a prominent second peak, suggesting that they are not intrinsically underluminous.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A (01/04/2005)
Herd Mobility and Waterpoint Use in Northern Kenya
Creators: name: Di Gregorio, Monica
name: McCarthy, Nancy
name: Di Gregorio, Monica
name: McCarthy, Nancy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In many regions of the world, property rights to natural resources are held under various forms of communal ownership, which often exhibit flexibility for users to access different resources depending on relative need. Here, we analyze the impact of climatic variability on resource use, and examine the transactions cost of access in these flexible systems.
Optical Observations Reveal Strong Evidence for High Energy Neutrino Progenitor
Creators: name: Lipunov, V. M.
name: Kornilov, V. G.
name: Zhirkov, K. K.
name: Gorbovskoy, E. S.
name: Budnev, N. M.
name: Buckley, D. A. H.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Serra-Ricart, M.
name: Podesta, R.
name: Tyurina, N.
name: Gress, O.
name: Sergienko, Yu.
name: Yurkov, V.
name: Gabovich, A.
name: Balanutsa, P.
name: Gorbunov, I.
name: Vlasenko, D.
name: Balakin, F.
name: Topolev, V.
name: Pozdnyakov, A.
name: Kuznetsov, A.
name: Vladimirov, V.
name: Chasovnikov, A.
name: Kuvshinov, D.
name: Grinshpun, V.
name: Minkina, E.
name: Petkov, V. B.
name: Svertilov, S. I.
name: Lopez, C.
name: Podesta, F.
name: Levato, H.
name: Tlatov, A.
name: van Soelen, B.
name: Razzaque, S.
name: Böttcher, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the earliest astronomical observation of a high energy neutrino error box in which its variability was discovered after high-energy neutrinos detection. The one robotic telescope of the MASTER global international network (Lipunov et al. 2010) automatically imaged the error box of the very high-energy neutrino event IceCube-170922A. Observations were carried out in minute after the IceCube-170922A neutrino event was detected by the IceCube observatory at the South Pole. MASTER found the blazar TXS 0506+056 to be in the off-state after one minute and then switched to the on-state no later than two hours after the event. The effect is observed at a 50-sigma significance level. Also we present own unique 16-years light curve of blazar TXS 0506+056 (518 data set).
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 1 Table accepted to The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Classification of simple weight Virasoro modules with a finite-dimensional weight space
Creators: name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
name: Zhao, Kaiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B68; 17B10

description: We show that the support of a simple weight module over the Virasoro algebra, which has an infinite-dimensional weight space, coincides with the weight lattice and that all non-trivial weight spaces of such module are infinite dimensional. As a corollary we obtain that every simple weight module over the Virasoro algebra, having a non-trivial finite-dimensional weight space, is a Harish-Chandra module (and hence is either a simple highest or lowest weight module or a simple module from the intermediate series). This implies positive answers to two conjectures about simple pointed and simple mixed modules over the Virasoro algebra.
description: 8 pages
Delayed diagnosis of intestinal perforation related to peritoneal dialysis. A case report
Creators: name: Naomi Ando Kuri M.D.
name: Manuel Alfredo Calderón Vizcaíno M.D.
name: Jafet Israel Hernández Zavala M.D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Background:

The placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters can be performed using surgical techniques (such as open surgery or laparoscopy) or percutaneous methods (such as the Seldinger technique). Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, and none has been proven superior to the others. Therefore, the choice of method should be based on the patient's condition, available resources, and the professional's experience. Open surgery is associated with a high catheter malfunction rate, while percutaneous placement may cause perforations of internal organs. Although intestinal perforation is a rare complication, it occurs in approximately 1% of patients, with a 0.4% rate reported between 1992 and 2005 in the U.S. This complication may occur without obvious symptoms, complicating diagnosis. In the analyzed case, it is suspected that the perforation occurred due to the "blind" insertion of the guidewire. Clinical manifestations can range from watery diarrhea to peritonitis, and some patients may not present symptoms. Intra-abdominal adhesions are a risk factor that can be addressed during laparoscopic catheter placement, which, according to a meta-analysis, provides better outcomes by allowing additional procedures that ensure catheter functionality. In this case, the patient showed mild symptoms over three weeks and did not have a significant inflammatory response, likely due to immunosuppressive treatment for dermatomyositis.

 

Keywords: Peritoneal dialysis, Tenckhoff catheter, intestinal perforation, percutaneous insertion, laparoscopy, ileal perforation.
Classical simulation of limited-width cluster-state quantum computation
Creators: name: Yoran, Nadav
name: Short, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a classical protocol, using the matrix product state representation, to simulate cluster-state quantum computation at a cost polynomial in the number of qubits in the cluster and exponential in d -- the width of the cluster. We use this result to show that any log-depth quantum computation in the gate array model, with gates linking only nearby qubits, can be simulated efficiently on a classical computer.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
MARKET INTEGRATION TEST FOR PACIFIC EGG MARKETS
Creators: name: Liu, Qinghua
name: Wang, H. Holly
name: Liu, Qinghua
name: Wang, H. Holly
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper uses of Johansen's multivariate cointegration test to test for egg market integration of six Pacific states, Washington, Idaho, Oregon, California, Nevada, and Arizona. We conclude that eggs from these states substitute for each other to some degree, and arbitrage possibilities through trade bind the egg prices. In addition, the Law of One Price (LOP), the case of perfect integration, is examined by testing the linear combination of cointegration vectors. Test results show that the LOP is not satisfied even though the egg markets in the six Pacific states are highly integrated. Arizona egg prices, California egg prices, and Washington egg prices play dominant roles on the Pacific egg market in the long run.
Aspects of brane-antibrane inflation
Creators: name: Cline, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I describe a dynamical mechanism for solving the fine-tuning problem of brane-antibrane inflation. By inflating with stacks of branes and antibranes, the branes can naturally be trapped at a metastable minimum of the potential. As branes tunnel out of this minimum, the shape of the potential changes to make the minimum shallower. Eventually the minimum disappears and the remaining branes roll slowly because the potential is nearly flat. I show that even with a small number of branes, there is a good chance of getting enough inflation. Running of the spectral index is correlated with the tilt in such a way as to provide a test of the model by future CMB experiments.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; proceedings of Theory Canada 1 conference, 2-5 June 2005, UBC, Vancouver
Model of frictional two-layer exchange flow
Creators: name: Zaremba, Lillian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: An unsteady model is developed for two-layer exchange through a channel with friction on the bottom, sidewalls, surface and interface. Steady or time-varying barotropic forcing can be specified. The unsteady model is first used to solve for the steady solution with zero barotropic forcing starting from initial conditions of the lock exchange problem. The effects of friction on steady exchange are investigated for four channel configurations: a contraction with constant depth and with an offset sill, and a constant-width channel with constant depth and with a sill near one end. Exchange flow decreases substantially with increasing friction. The interface position and locations of internal hydraulic control are affected by varying friction. Solutions are asymmetrical when surface friction is absent. Internal hydraulic jumps form when friction is increased. Flow becomes hydraulically uncontrolled for high friction in all channel geometries considered. The model predictions are compared to experiments in a constant-width channel with constant depth and with a sill. The model is also applied to the Burlington Ship Canal which connects Hamilton Harbour to Lake Ontario. The exchange in the Burlington Ship Canal is modeled with zero and net steady barotropic components. Field observations from boat-mounted instruments show barotropic components and unsteadiness in flows. The magnitude of the observed barotropic variations is not great enough to influence exchange so that friction is the dominant factor governing exchange in the Burlington Ship Canal. The unsteady model is finally used with a periodic barotropic forcing in the contraction geometry. Exchange increases with forcing period and magnitude for the frictionless case. The model results are inconclusive for the effect of increasing friction with the periodic barotropic forcing. The numerical methods of the model do not' allow it to be generally applied to other channel geometries with time-varying barotropic forcing.
IMPACT OF SUPERMARKET PRODUCT DIFFERENTIAION WITH ASYMMETRIC INFORMATION ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Creators: name: Webster, Suzanne L.
name: Canning, Patrick N.
name: Webster, Suzanne L.
name: Canning, Patrick N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Study examines empirical evidence behind significant growth of private label food products by linking individual household food purchase data with advertising data for brand and private label food products. Research formulates a competing hypothesis: 1) does consumer response to relative advertising intensities affect market share or 2) is success of private label due solely to price considerations.
Weak Gravitational Lensing of the CMB
Creators: name: Lewis, Antony
name: Challinor, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak gravitational lensing has several important effects on the cosmic microwave background (CMB): it changes the CMB power spectra, induces non-Gaussianities, and generates a B-mode polarization signal that is an important source of confusion for the signal from primordial gravitational waves. The lensing signal can also be used to help constrain cosmological parameters and lensing mass distributions. We review the origin and calculation of these effects. Topics include: lensing in General Relativity, the lensing potential, lensed temperature and polarization power spectra, implications for constraining inflation, non-Gaussian structure, reconstruction of the lensing potential, delensing, sky curvature corrections, simulations, cosmological parameter estimation, cluster mass reconstruction, and moving lenses/dipole lensing.
description: Accepted by Phys. Rept.; 92 pages, PDF fully hyperlinked
Multiple dynamic regimes in a coarsening foam
Creators: name: Giavazzi, Fabio
name: Trappe, Veronique
name: Cerbino, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use differential dynamic microscopy and particle tracking to determine the dynamical characteristics of a coarsening foam in reciprocal and direct space. At all wavevectors $q$ investigated, the intermediate scattering function exhibits a compressed exponential decay. However, the access to unprecedentedly small $q$s highlights the existence of two distinct regimes for the $q$-dependence of the foam relaxation rate $Γ(q)$. At any given foam age, $Γ(q)\sim q$ at high $q$, consistent with directionally-persistent and intermittent bubble displacements. At low $q$, we find $Γ(q) \sim q^{1.6}$. We show that such change in $q$-dependence of $Γ(q)$ relates to a bubble displacement distribution exhibiting a cut-off length of the order of the bubble diameter. Investigations of the $q$-dependence of $Γ(q)$ at different foam ages reveal that foam dynamics is not only governed by the bubble length scale, but also by the strain rate imposed by the bubble growth; normalizing $Γ(q)$ by this strain rate and multiplying $q$ with the age-dependent bubble radius leads to a collapse of all data sets onto a unique master-curve.
description: J. Phys.: Condens. Matter (2020)
Search for pulsating PMS stars in NGC 6383
Creators: name: Zwintz, K.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Reegen, P.
name: Weiss, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for pulsating pre-main sequence (PMS) stars was performed in the young open cluster NGC 6383 using CCD time series photometry in Johnson B & V filters. With an age of only ~1.7 million years all cluster members later than spectral type A0 have not reached the ZAMS yet, hence being ideal candidates for investigating PMS pulsation among A and F type stars. In total 286 stars have been analyzed using classical Fourier techniques. From about a dozen of stars within the boundaries of the classical instability strip, two stars were found to pulsate: NGC 6383 #170, with five frequencies simultaneously, and NGC 6383 #198, with a single frequency. In addition, NGC 6383 #152 is a suspected PMS variable star, but our data remain inconclusive. Linear, non-adiabatic models assuming PMS evolutionary phase and purely radial pulsation were calculated for the two new PMS pulsators. NGC 6383 #170 appears to pulsate radially in third and fifth overtones, while the other three frequencies seem to be of non-radial nature. NGC 6383 #198 pulsates monoperiodically, most probably in the third radial overtone. Magnitudes and B-V colours were available in the literature for only one third of all stars and we used them for calibrating the remaining.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS
The three-body recombination of a condensed Bose gas near a Feshbach resonance
Creators: name: Zhang, Yingyi
name: Yin, Lan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the three-body recombination rate of a homogeneous dilute Bose gas with a Feshbach resonance at zero temperature. The ground state and excitations of this system are obtained. The three-body recombination in the ground state is due to the break-up of an atom pair in the quantum depletion and the formation of a molecule by an atom from the broken pair and an atom from the condensate. The rate of this process is in good agreement with the experiment on $^{23}$Na in a wide range of magnetic fields.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. A
New Candidates for Planetary-mass Brown Dwarfs in IC 348
Creators: name: Luhman, K. L.
name: Hapich, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used infrared images obtained with the Wide Field Camera 3 on board the Hubble Space Telescope to search for planetary-mass brown dwarfs in the star-forming cluster IC 348. In those images, we have identified 12 objects that have colors indicative of spectral types later than M8, corresponding to masses of <=30 Jupiter masses at the age of IC 348. The four brightest candidates have been observed with spectroscopy, all of which are confirmed to have late types. Two of those candidates appear to be young, and thus are likely members of the cluster, while the ages and membership of the other two candidates are uncertain. One of the former candidates is the faintest known member of IC 348 in extinction-corrected K_s and is expected to have a mass of 4-5 Jupiter masses based on evolutionary models and an assumed age of 3 Myr. Four of the remaining eight candidates have ground-based photometry that further supports their candidacy as brown dwarfs, some of which are fainter (and potentially less massive) than the known members.
description: Astronomical Journal, in press
NATIONAL "E-EXTENSION" PROGRAMS: FEASIBILITY AND STRUCTURE
Creators: name: Farnsworth, Richard L.
name: Austen, Douglas
name: White, Carolyn
name: Farnsworth, Richard L.
name: Austen, Douglas
name: White, Carolyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Illinois agriculture and natural resource e-Extension programs have exceeded expectations. National e-Extension programs will also succeed given they explicitly help clients make decisions, make available user-friendly decision tools and data, use GIS, reward the programs' interdisciplinary teams, and use the web for seamless integration across states.
BEHAVIORAL IMPLICATIONS OF COUNTER-CYCLICAL PAYMENTS AND BASE ACREAGE UPDATING UNDER THE 2002 FARM ACT
Creators: name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Dohlman, Erik
name: Chambers, William
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Dohlman, Erik
name: Chambers, William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The introduction of counter-cyclical payments (CCPs) and a base acreage updating option under the 2002 Farm Act have potential supply response implications. To gain insight into the economic incentives and efficiency implications of these provisions, this paper presents the design of a 3-stage experimental market used to gauge the actual response of economic agents under conditions simulating those faced by U.S. farmers. When completed, the results of the experiment will be used to assess the impact of the CCP system and of policy uncertainty regarding future base-updating options, relative to a market revenue-only baseline.
Suppression of Electroconvective and Morphological Instabilities by an Imposed Cross Flow of the Electrolyte
Creators: name: Li, Gaojin
name: Townsend, Alex
name: Archer, Lynden A.
name: Koch, Donald L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electroconvection and its coupling with a morphological instability are important in many applications, including electrodialysis, batteries and fuel cells. In this work, we study the effects of a two-dimensional channel flow on the electroconvective and morphological instabilities using two approaches. In the bulk analysis, we consider the instability of the electroneutral bulk region driven by a second kind electroosmosis slip velocity boundary condition and derive the asymptotic solutions for small and large wavenumbers. In the full analysis, we consider the entire region of the liquid electrolyte and use the ultraspherical spectral method to numerically solve the eigenvalue problems. Both studies show that the imposed flow significantly affects the electroconvective instability. The imposed flow generates a shielding effect by deforming the perturbed ion concentration field and hinders the ion transfer from low- to high- concentration regions which causes the instability. It fully suppresses the electroconvective instability at small wavenumbers and reduces the growth rate of the perturbations at large wavenumbers. The direct effect of the flow on the morphological instability is minor, while the suppression of the electroconvective instability may change the wavenumber of the most unstable mode of the coupled instabilities. For the electroconvective instability, the bulk analysis is qualitatively different from the full analysis at high wavenumbers. For the morphological instability, good agreement is found between the two studies at both small and large wavenumbers.
PERFORMANCE AND WELFARE EFFECTS OF TOURNAMENT CONTRACTS: SOME EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE
Creators: name: Wu, Steven Y.
name: Roe, Brian E.
name: Wu, Steven Y.
name: Roe, Brian E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Using experimental economics, we compare the efficiency and welfare effects of tournament and fixed standards contracts. Our findings suggest that economic agents are generally better off under fixed standard contracts unless they face substantial common shocks. Administrators of contracts (principals) also tend to be better off under fixed standard contracts for moderate to small common shocks. Efficiency wise, agents tend to exert higher effort under fixed standard contracts. Moreover, effort under tournaments appears to be declining in the variance of the common shock. Our results suggest that a ban on tournament contracts may generally be better off for both growers and processors except in cases where common shocks are large.
Zero Spacing Distributions for Differenced L-Functions
Creators: name: Lagarias, Jeffrey C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M26 (Primary); 11M41, 46C05, 47B32 (Secondary)

description: This paper studies the local spacings of deformations of the Riemann zeta function under certain averaging and differencing operations. For real h it considers A_h(s)= 1/2(xi(s+h)+ xi(s-h)) and B_h(s)=1/(2i)(xi(s+h)-xi(s-h)), where xi(s) is the Riemann xi-function. For |h|\ge 1/2 all zeros of these functions lie on the critical line and are simple zeros. Assuming the Riemann hypothesis, the same holds for all nonzero h. The number of zeros to height T has the same asymptotics as for the zeta function in its main terms, so one can define normalized zero spacings as for the xi-function. It is shown that the first k normalized zero spacings have a limiting distribution as T goes to infinity, and it is the "trivial" distribution with all spacings equal to 1. This is shown unconditionally for |h|> 1/2 and conditionally on RH for 0< |h|< 1/2. Similar results are indicated for Dirichlet L-functions. The results are interpreted in terms of de Branges's theory of Hilbert spaces of entire functions.
description: 22 pages latex; small correction to published version in Lemma 2.2 proof; v. 2 corrects metadata only
THE ECONOMICS OF GREEN PAYMENTS FOR REDUCING AGRICULTURAL NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION IN THE CORN BELT
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Horan, Richard D.
name: Claassen, Roger
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Horan, Richard D.
name: Claassen, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: We develop a watershed-based model of green payments to examine how payments applied to different environmental performance measures compare on the basis of economic efficiency, equity, and environmental outcomes. We also explore how targeting in the specification of water quality goals (e.g., TMDLs) affects program performance.
NO FEELING FOR "UDDERS"?: A CRITICAL NOTE ON THE REPORT OF THE A.C.T. MILK AUTHORITY
Creators: name: Albon, Robert
name: Albon, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Fluid milk marketing in Australia is generally associated with an administered system where free market forces are unable to operate due to public intervention. Such interference creates a situation where, as Throsby [6, p. 243] puts it, 'returns to the fluid milk sector are maintained by monopoly pricing and supply control measures which vary from State to State'. The Australian Capital Territory (A.C.T.) is, similarly, not immune to the effects of producer protection. Indeed, it is contended that the implementation of the proposals contained in the A.C.T. Milk Authority Report of March 1974 [3] would have the effect of institutionalizing the power of the dairy industry to act in a manner opposed to the interests of A.C.T. consumers. The basic reason why the interests of consumers are so often put second to those of suppliers is summed up by J.N. Lewis [2, p. 283]: 'A determined close-knit group with strong interests in a particular policy issue can often impose its desires upon an apathetic majority whose interests are weak and diffused'. It is proposed to develop this theme by looking at the history of milk supply in the A.C.T. as a background to an examination of the Report, an appraisal of its contents, the advocacy of an alternative (competitive) solution and an estimation of costs, to consumers, of producer protection.
A Vertical Resonances of G-Mode Oscillations in Warped Disks and QPOs in Low-Mass X-Ray Binaries
Creators: name: Kato, Shoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant oscillations in warped disks are examined in order to explain high-frequency QPOs and horizontal-branch QPOs in low-mass X-ray binaries. Different from our previous work, addressed to the same subjects, we relax in this paper the assumption that the disks are isothermal in the vertical direction. That is, the pressure, density, and temperature are assumed to be distributed in the vertical direction with a polytropic relation, and the polytropic index changes as the disk state changes. By this generalization and by some subsidiaries we can qualitatively explain, within the framework of our resonance model, observed large frequency variations in neutron-star QPOs and little variations in black-hole QPOs. We consider vertical resonances of g-mode oscillations, since they are most appropriate to explain observations.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, to be published in PASJ 57, Vol. 4
Quantum dynamics of Bose-polaron in a $d$-dimensional Bose Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Khan, M. Miskeen
name: Terças, H.
name: Mendonça, J. T.
name: Wehr, J.
name: Charalambous, C.
name: Lewenstein, M.
name: Garcia-March, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum motion of an impurity atom immersed in a Bose Einstein condensate in arbitrary dimension. The Bogoliubov excitations of the Bose Einstein condensate act as a bosonic bath for the impurity. We present a detailed derivation of the $d$-dimensional Langevin equations that describe the quantum dynamics of the system, and of the associated generalized tensor that describes the spectral density in the full generality. When the impurity is not trapped, we calculate the mean square displacement, showing that the motion is super diffusive. We obtain also explicit expressions for the super diffusive coefficient in the small and large temperature limits. We find that, in the latter case, the maximal value of this coefficient is the same in all dimensions. We study also the behaviour of the average energy and compare the results for various dimensions. In the trapped case, we study squeezing and find that the stronger position squeezing can be obtained in lower dimensions. We quantify the non-Markovianity of the particle's motion, and find that it increases with dimensionality.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
Römisches Konzil und Weltkirchenkonferenz in evangelisch-theologischer Sicht
Creators: name: Benz, Ernst
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 11 Nr. 2 (1962): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 11, Heft 2
A NOTE ON THE ECONOMIC SURPLUS FROM DAIRY HERD RECORDING IN VICTORIA
Creators: name: Ryan, Timothy J.
name: Badham, F.V.
name: Ryan, Timothy J.
name: Badham, F.V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: An input demand model was used to estimate the own price elasticity of dairy herd recording in Victoria. The net benefits to society over a 21 year period were estimated by determining the economic surplus accruing to participators each year and then subtracting all Government monies involved. The net social benefits, unlike the benefits reported for the New South Wales scheme, have on average been positive and have been consistently positive over the latter years of the data.
CRITIQUE OF THE METHODOLOGY OF AUSTRALIAN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS
Creators: name: Stent, W.R.
name: Stent, W.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In this article attention is drawn to serious methodological weaknesses in Australian agricultural economics. It is frankly polemic in style and after a discussion of the philosophies of science of Popper and Kuhn the author argues that Australian agricultural economists ought to be more critical of the assumptions on which current theory is based and should be seeking to establish a new approach to the problems of the agricultural economy which would place more emphasis on social justice than on 'growth and efficiency'.
Symplectic configurations
Creators: name: Gal, Swiat
name: Kedra, Jarek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D, 55R, 53C

description: We define a class of symplectic fibrations called symplectic configurations. They are natural generalization of Hamiltonian fibrations. Their geometric and topological properties are investigated. We are mainly concentrated on integral symplectic manifolds. We construct the classifyng space \B of symplectic integral configurations. The properties of the classifying map \B --> BSymp(M,w) are examined. The universal symplectic bundle over \B has a natural connection whose holonomy group is isomorphic to the enlarged Hamiltonian group recently defined by McDuff. The space \B is identified with the classifying space of an extension of certain subgroup of the symplectomorphism group.
description: 25 pages, no figures
OPTIMAL FEEDING POLICIES FOR BROILER PRODUCTION: AN APPLICATION OF DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING
Creators: name: Kennedy, John O.S.
name: Rofe, B.H.
name: Greig, I.D.
name: Hardaker, J. Brian
name: Kennedy, John O.S.
name: Rofe, B.H.
name: Greig, I.D.
name: Hardaker, J. Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The determination of an optimal feeding and selling strategy for broiler production given a space constraint is formulated as a dynamic programming problem. Production equations derived from trial data are used to obtain an optimal sequence of rations in which energy density changes through time. The stability of the plan is explored and the implications of the results for production research and commercial practice are considered.
Optimal seismic retrofitting level for bridges based on benefit-cost analysis
Creators: name: Gao, Yulin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There are a large number of seismically deficient bridges in British Columbia that need to be strengthened to protect public safety in future earthquakes: Many upgrading options are available for seismic rehabilitation of these bridges, such as No Retrofitting, Safety Level Retrofitting, and Functional Level Retrofitting, etc. The search of the optimal solution among various feasible options is a complicated decision problem. The big amount of money spent for seismic retrofitting needs to be justified based on the economic and safety decisions, and they involve considerations of risk and cost. A reliability-based risk decision model is constructed in the thesis to try to facilitate an answer to the seismic retrofitting of bridges. The methodology and procedures of decision analysis are demonstrated through a case study bridge. The global linear, elastic response spectrum analysis is undertaken to obtain seismic demand and the component capacity/demand ratios are computed to identify the critical structural components. Seismic deficiencies and failure mechanism of the identified critical components are evaluated by local inelastic push over analysis. Two seismic retrofitting schemes are designed to counteract the seismic deficiencies. The effect of seismic retrofitting on the structural behavior during earthquake excitations is evaluated. The retrofitting costs of both schemes are calculated. Structural failure probability during future earthquakes is calculated by the simple FORM/SORM approach. Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) is used to generate random variables to obtain seismic demand and seismic capacity, which are fitted to the probability distribution functions. Both the failure probabilities of original bridge and retrofitted bridge are computed. The reduced failure probability due to seismic retrofitting is obtained. Seismic damage analysis is undertaken to compute damage indices of the bridge before and after seismic retrofitting, which are used for mapping out economic losses. Both direct and indirect economic losses are estimated. An expected value of the future earthquake damage costs are calculated and discounted to the present year. Present values of the total costs including retrofitting cost and future seismic financial damages for all retrofitting schemes are calculated. Then a benefit-cost analysis based on the constructed decision model is undertaken to determine the optimal seismic retrofitting level for the bridge. It concludes that for the case study bridge considered in this research, the optimal seismic retrofitting option is the level II retrofitting, which aims to keep normal or a limited traffic flow immediately after an earthquake of 10% exceedence probability in 50 years. Sensitivity analysis is made to explore the effect of change of input variables on the decision outcome.
The Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI: Final data release of the combined LDS and IAR surveys with improved stray-radiation corrections
Creators: name: Kalberla, P. M. W.
name: Burton, W. B.
name: Hartmann, Dap
name: Arnal, E. M.
name: Bajaja, E.
name: Morras, R.
name: Poppel, W. G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the final data release of observations of lambda 21-cm emission from Galactic neutral hydrogen over the entire sky, merging the Leiden/Dwingeloo Survey (LDS: Hartmann & Burton, 1997) of the sky north of delta = -30 deg with the Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomia Survey (IAR: Arnal et al., 2000, and Bajaja et al., 2005) of the sky south of delta = -25 deg. The angular resolution of the combined material is HPBW ~ 0.6 deg. The LSR velocity coverage spans the interval -450 km/s to +400 km/s, at a resolution of 1.3 km/s. The data were corrected for stray radiation at the Institute for Radioastronomy of the University of Bonn, refining the original correction applied to the LDS. The rms brightness-temperature noise of the merged database is 0.07 - 0.09 K. Residual errors in the profile wings due to defects in the correction for stray radiation are for most of the data below a level of 20 - 40 mK. It would be necessary to construct a telescope with a main beam efficiency of eta_{MB} > 99% to achieve the same accuracy. The merged and refined material entering the LAB Survey of Galactic HI is intended to be a general resource useful to a wide range of studies of the physical and structural characteristices of the Galactic interstellar environment. The LAB Survey is the most sensitive Milky Way HI survey to date, with the most extensive coverage both spatially and kinematically.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Strong CP violation in nuclear physics
Creators: name: de Vries, Jordy
name: Gnech, Alex
name: Shain, Sachin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electric dipole moments of nuclei, diamagnetic atoms, and certain molecules are induced by CP-violating nuclear forces. Naive dimensional analysis predicts these forces to be dominated by long-range one-pion-exchange processes, with short-range forces entering only at next-to-next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion. Based on renormalization arguments we argue that a consistent picture of CP-violating nuclear forces requires a leading-order short-distance operator contributing to ${}^1S_0$-${}^3P_0$ transitions, due to the attractive and singular nature of the strong tensor force in the ${}^3P_0$ channel. The short-distance operator leads to $\mathcal O(1)$ corrections to static and oscillating, relevant for axion searches, electric dipole moments. We discuss strategies how the finite part of the associated low-energy constant can be determined in the case of CP violation from the QCD theta term by the connection to charge-symmetry violation in nuclear systems.
USE OF ERRORS OF PREDICTION IN IMPROVING FORECAST ACCURACY: AN APPLICATION TO WOOL IN AUSTRALIA
Creators: name: Lee, B.M.S.
name: Bui-Lan, Anh
name: Lee, B.M.S.
name: Bui-Lan, Anh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Over the past 20 years, the RAE has produced commodity forecasts in BAE Trends in Australian Agricultural Commodities, Farm Costs and Farm Incomes and other commodity outlook publications. There have been several studies on the accuracy of the forecasts, either comparing RAE forecasts with naive forecasts or making simple calculations of biases and standard deviations. Such approaches are not sufficiently informative in that they do not give any indication of what has caused the inaccuracies, nor of the timing of significant changes in prediction accuracy. In this analysis, an attempt is made to improve upon this situation using some tools of time series analysis.
RELATIVE COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF INPUT AND OUTPUT SUBSIDIES
Creators: name: Parish, Ross M.
name: McLaren, Keith Robert
name: Parish, Ross M.
name: McLaren, Keith Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: A subsidy on a single input is compared with an output subsidy as a means of stimulating output, and the conditions under which the single input subsidy is (a) more treasury cost-effective and (b) overall the more socially efficient measure, are explored. Rationalisations for input subsidies, particularly fertiliser subsidies, are examined in the light of the results.