cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chiral gauge leptoquark mass limits and branching ratios of $ K_L^0, B^0, B_s \to l^+_i l^-_j $ decays with account of the general fermion mixing in leptoquark currents
Creators: name: Martynov, M. V.
name: Smirnov, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contributions of the chiral gauge leptoquarks $V^{L,R}$ induced by the chiral four color quark-lepton symmetry to the branching ratios of $ K_L^0, B^0, B_s \to l_1 \, l_2 $ decays are calculated and analysed using the general parametrizations of the fermion mixing matrices in the leptoguark currents. From the current experimental data on these decays under assumption $ m_{V^L} \ll m_{V^R} $ the lower mass limit $ m_{V^L} \cos{γ_L} > 5.68 \,\, \mbox{TeV}$ is found, which in particular case of equal gauge coupling constants gives $ m_{V^L} > 8.03 \,\, \mbox{TeV} $. The branching ratios of the decays under consideration predicted by the chiral gauge leptoquarks are calculated and analysed in dependence on the leptoquark masses and the mixing parameters. It is shown that in consistency with the current experimental data these branching ratios for $ B_s, B^0 \to μe $ decays can be close to their experimental limits and those for $ B_s, B^0 \to τe, τμ$ decays can be of order of~$10^{-7}$. The calculated branching ratios will be useful in the further experimental searches for these decays.
description: 13 pages, 1 table, accepted for publication in Modern Physics Letters A
Geometric parametrization of binary elastic collisions
Creators: name: da Silva, Amaro J. Rica
name: Lemos, José P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A geometric view of the possible outcomes of elastic collisions of two massive bodies is developed that integrates laboratory, center of mass, and relative body frames in a single diagram. From these diagrams all the scattering properties of binary collisions can be obtained. The particular case of gravitational scattering by a moving massive object corresponds to the slingshot maneuver, and its maximum velocity is obtained.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Suction-based Soft Robotic Gripping of Rough and Irregular Parts
Creators: name: Song, Sukho
name: Drotlef, Dirk-Michael
name: Son, Donghoon
name: Koivikko, Anastasia
name: Sitti, Metin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, suction-based robotic systems with microscopic features or active suction components have been proposed to grip rough and irregular surfaces. However, sophisticated fabrication methods or complex control systems are required for such systems, and robust attachment to rough real-world surfaces still remains a grand challenge. Here, we propose a fully soft robotic gripper, where a flat elastic membrane is used to conform and contact parts or surfaces well, where an internal negative pressure exerted on the air-sealed membrane induces the suction-based gripping. 3D printing in combination with soft molding techniques enable the fabrication of the soft gripper. Robust attachment to complex 3D and rough surfaces is enabled by the surface-conformable soft flat membrane, which generates strong and robust suction at the contact interface. Such robust attachment to rough and irregular surfaces enables manipulation of a broad range of real-world objects, such as an egg, lime, and foiled package, without any physical damage. Compared to the conventional suction cup designs, the proposed suction gripper design shows a four-fold increase in gripping performance on rough surfaces. Furthermore, the structural and material simplicity of the proposed gripper architecture facilitates its system-level integration with other soft robotic peripherals, which can enable broader impact in diverse fields, such as digital manufacturing, robotic manipulation, and medical gripping applications.
title: Les interfaces non invasives en ventilation spontanée en pression positive continue
title: évaluation de la tolérance chez le nourrisson en détresse respiratoire aiguë
titleType: Subtitle
title: Les interfaces non invasives en ventilation spontanée en pression positive continue
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Heine, Pauline
name: Ticon, Noémie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: VS-PPC
subject: situation aiguë
subject: Helmet
subject: nourrisson
subject: tolérance
subject: hesav TB Phy

description: Introduction Lors de la mise en place de la ventilation spontanée en pression positive continue (VS-PPC), le choix de l’interface est un enjeu important, car il influence la réussite du traitement. Cependant en pédiatrie, aucune recommandation permettant de guider le choix du praticien n’a été publiée à ce jour. L’objectif de cette revue de la littérature est de comparer la tolérance du Helmet chez des nourrissons en détresse respiratoire aiguë, par rapport aux autres interfaces utilisées. Méthodologie Les recherches ont été effectuées dans quatre bases de données. Les études devaient évaluer et comparer la tolérance à diverses interfaces chez des nourrissons, par définition âgés entre 1 et 24 mois, atteints de troubles respiratoires aigus. Les articles n’utilisant pas le Helmet ont été exclus. Résultats Sur les quarante-et-une études trouvées, nous en avons retenu quatre, dont trois études randomisées contrôlées et une étude pilote. Selon nos articles, l’utilisation du Helmet améliore la tolérance des nourrissons à la VS-PPC, par rapport aux autres interfaces comparées. En effet, il limite le risque d’inconfort, de douleurs et de lésions cutanées. Par conséquent, le besoin de sédation est diminué. Discussion Le Helmet semblerait améliorer la tolérance du nourrisson en limitant les points d’appui sur son visage et en lui permettant une meilleure interaction avec le monde extérieur. Cependant, d’autres études sont nécessaires pour valider cette hypothèse. En effet, aucun article ne compare le Helmet au masque nasal, interface pourtant fréquemment choisie en première intention chez cette population.
Prediction and prevention of sheet break using partial least squares and an expert system
Creators: name: Li, Ilse Sau Chin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Sheet breaks are of major concern because they diminish the reliability and efficiency of the pulp production process, incur substantial cost, and pose a significant safety risk to plant operators. Consequently, this thesis addresses the problem of predicting and preventing sheet breaks by using Projection to Latent Structures (PLS) to model the sheet break process, and Principle Component Analysis (PCA) to monitor variables and define a region of healthy machine operation. An expert system is then employed to monitor major process variables, trouble shoot problems, and provide remedial action to prevent the occurrence of sheet breaks. Using data provided by the Weyerhaeuser Canada Pulp Mill in Grand Prairie, PLS modeling is able to reduce 43 measured process variables to three latent vectors that effectively reflect pulp quality and the operation of the headbox, presses and dryer. As such, the PLS model is able to predict 92% of sheet breaks. In addition, the PLS model is used to investigate and pinpoint key variables that are major contributors to sheet breaks, which in this pulp mill include: lumpbreaker loadings, dryer steam pressure, and dryer differential pressure. PCA analysis is then used to define a healthy region of machine operation, and subsequent tests using the model confirmed that when sheet breaks occurred, the scores indeed fell out of the healthy region. From the test set, PCA is able to predict 9 out of 12 sheet breaks. Additional analysis of the stock also reveals that fluctuating consistency of the stock in the headbox causes fluctuations in basis weight and consequently diminishes the pulp quality. The results from PLS analysis regarding variables that cause sheet break, and results obtained from PCA monitoring regarding fault detection are integrated into an expert system. The expert system effectively monitors the pulp production process, trouble shoots the situation when variables trend outside a healthy region of operation, and also suggests an appropriate course of action. Consequently, the expert system developed in this thesis functions to predict and prevent sheet breaks, and ultimately allows improved reliability, efficiency, quality, economics and safety of the pulp production process.
Symmetries of $\mathcal{N} = (1,0)$ supergravity backgrounds in six dimensions
Creators: name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
name: Lindström, Ulf
name: Raptakis, Emmanouil S. N.
name: Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General $\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ supergravity-matter systems in six dimensions may be described using one of the two fully fledged superspace formulations for conformal supergravity: (i) $\mathsf{SU}(2)$ superspace; and (ii) conformal superspace. With motivation to develop rigid supersymmetric field theories in curved space, this paper is devoted to the study of the geometric symmetries of supergravity backgrounds. In particular, we introduce the notion of a conformal Killing spinor superfield $ε^α$, which proves to generate extended superconformal transformations. Among its cousins are the conformal Killing vector $ξ^a$ and tensor $ζ^{a(n)}$ superfields. The former parametrise conformal isometries of supergravity backgrounds, which in turn yield symmetries of every superconformal field theory. Meanwhile, the conformal Killing tensors of a given background are associated with higher symmetries of the hypermultiplet. By studying the higher symmetries of a non-conformal vector multiplet we introduce the concept of a Killing tensor superfield. We also analyse the problem of computing higher symmetries for the conformal d'Alembertian in curved space and demonstrate that, beyond the first-order case, these operators are defined only on conformally flat backgrounds.
description: 62 pages
Perfect IFG-formulas
Creators: name: Mann, Allen L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03G25; 03B60; 03G15

description: IFG logic is a variant of the independence-friendly logic of Hintikka and Sandu. We answer the question: ``Which IFG-formulas are equivalent to ordinary first-order formulas?'' We use the answer to show that the ordinary cylindric set algebra over a structure can be embedded into a reduct of the IFG-cylindric set algebra over the structure.
description: 7 pages. Submitted to Logica Universalis. See also http://math.colgate.edu/~amann/
EXECUTING SOCIAL INEQUALITY: PREDICTIVE FACTORS IN THE APPLICATION OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
Creators: name: Archibald, Sarah
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: capital punishment
state-level analysis
zero inflated binomial regression

description: The adoption and implementation of the death penalty varies greatly by state. This dissertation will attempt to explain these differences in terms of the characteristics identified as salient in the empirical and theoretical literature at the state level. Some of the questions addressed include: Are the differences among the states the result of Social Conditions, such as demographics and inequality? Do the political tendencies in political affiliations of the state legislatures explain why some states adopt capital punishment and execute and others do not? Do crime rates, in terms of homicide rates and hate crime rates, have an effect on the implementation of death penalty statutes? Using social control and social dominance theories, independent variables were selected to test these theories. Due to the fact that executions occur in only a few states, zero-inflated negative binomial regression models will be used to test bivariate and multivariate associations (Mwalili, Lesaffre, and Declerck 2007). Percentage of the population that African American, inequality rates, homicide rates, educational attainment, percentage of the population that is evangelical, hate crime rates, exonerations and percentage of the state legislature that is Republican are the independent variables analyzed and number of executions is the dependent variables analyzed.  In addition, the percentage of the population that is African American was combined with the percentage of the population that is Hispanic was tested as well. All models controlled for region and year, while state population per million was used as an exposure variable, and the procedures were repeated in models lagged by 5 years. Results indicate that most of the independent variables are associated with the adoption of the death penalty in the bivariate modes (both non-lagged and lagged models). However, in the multivariate models, only hate crime rates and evangelicals were significant in explaining the differences in executions in the non-lagged models when region was removed. Evangelicals, hate crimes, and the combined race variable (% Black + % Hispanic) were significant in predicting states with the death penalty in the lagged models, while homicide rates were only significant in the first lagged model in predicting the adoption of capital punishment. These results support part of the framework used in this research, which includes features of sociological theories for understanding state level variation in the implementation of the death penalty. These results also bolster the argument that state policies are not merely reactions to murder rates, but are influenced by other social factors.
PrivNet: Safeguarding Private Attributes in Transfer Learning for Recommendation
Creators: name: Hu, Guangneng
name: Yang, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transfer learning is an effective technique to improve a target recommender system with the knowledge from a source domain. Existing research focuses on the recommendation performance of the target domain while ignores the privacy leakage of the source domain. The transferred knowledge, however, may unintendedly leak private information of the source domain. For example, an attacker can accurately infer user demographics from their historical purchase provided by a source domain data owner. This paper addresses the above privacy-preserving issue by learning a privacy-aware neural representation by improving target performance while protecting source privacy. The key idea is to simulate the attacks during the training for protecting unseen users' privacy in the future, modeled by an adversarial game, so that the transfer learning model becomes robust to attacks. Experiments show that the proposed PrivNet model can successfully disentangle the knowledge benefitting the transfer from leaking the privacy.
description: Findings of EMNLP 2020
Maxwell-Chern-Simons Q-balls
Creators: name: Deshaies-Jacques, M.
name: MacKenzie, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the energetics of $Q$-balls in Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in two space dimensions. Whereas gauged $Q$-balls are unallowed in this dimension in the absence of a Chern-Simons term due to a divergent electromagnetic energy, the addition of a Chern-Simons term introduces a gauge field mass and renders finite the otherwise-divergent electromagnetic energy of the $Q$-ball. Similar to the case of gauged $Q$-balls, Maxwell-Chern-Simons $Q$-balls have a maximal charge. The properties of these solitons are studied as a function of the parameters of the model considered, using a numerical technique known as relaxation. The results are compared to expectations based on qualitative arguments.
description: 6 pages. Talk given at Theory CANADA 2, Perimeter Institute
Consistent seismic probing of subgiant and red-giant stars using EGGMiMoSA
Creators: name: Farnir Martin
name: Dupret Marc-Antoine
name: Pinçon Charly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Post main sequence cool stars
stars:oscillations
numerical:method
stars:low mass giants

description: Context: Owing to the detection of mixed-modes, subgiant and red-giant stars provide a unique opportunity to probe the complete stellar structure of solar-like stars and to constrain stellar structure and evolution models. Aims: Taking advantage of the asymptotic description of mixed-modes, we develop a method that coherently accounts for the complex oscillation spectra of subgiant and red-giant stars. We investigate the probing potential of this technique and define robust seismic indicators, relevant of the stellar structure in order to constrain stellar models.  Results: The EGGMiMoSA (Extracting Guesses about Giants via Mixed-Modes Spectrum Adjustment) method is fast (less than a second execution) and allows to study the evolution of the typical mixed-modes spectra parameters along a grid of models ranging from the subgiant to the red-giant phases.
description: Corrected erroneous reference
description: {"references": ["Mosser, B., Pin\u00e7on, C., Belkacem, K., Takata, M., & Vrard, M. 2017, A&A, 600, A1", "Pin\u00e7on, C., Takata, M., & Mosser, B. 2019, A&A, 626, A125", "Pin\u00e7on, C., Goupil, M. J., & Belkacem, K. 2020, A&A, 634, A68", "Shibahashi, H. 1979, PASJ, 31, 87"]}
Diffusion with Local Resetting and Exclusion
Creators: name: Miron, Asaf
name: Reuveni, Shlomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic resetting models diverse phenomena across numerous scientific disciplines. Current understanding stems from the renewal framework, which relates systems subject to global resetting to their non-resetting counterparts. Yet, in interacting many-body systems, even the simplest scenarios involving resetting give rise to the notion of local resetting, whose analysis falls outside the scope of the renewal approach. A prime example is that of diffusing particles with excluded volume interactions that independently attempt to reset their position to the origin of a 1D lattice. With renewal rendered ineffective, we instead employ a mean-field approach whose validity is corroborated via extensive numerical simulations. The emerging picture sheds first light on the non-trivial interplay between interactions and resetting in many-body systems.
{\it In-situ} Laser Microprocessing at the Quantum Level
Creators: name: Rastelli, Armando
name: Ulhaq, Ata
name: Kiravittaya, Suwit
name: Wang, Lijuan
name: Zrenner, Artur
name: Schmidt, Oliver G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the biggest challenges of nanotechnology is the fabrication of nano-objects with perfectly controlled properties. Here we employ a focused laser beam both to characterize and to {\it in-situ} modify single semiconductor structures by heating them from cryogenic to high temperatures. The heat treatment allows us to blue-shift, in a broad range and with resolution-limited accuracy, the quantized energy levels of light and charge carriers confined in optical microcavities and self-assembled quantum dots (QDs). We demonstrate the approach by tuning an optical mode into resonance with the emission of a single QD and by bringing different QDs in mutual resonance. This processing method may open the way to a full control of nanostructures at the quantum level.
description: 3 figures
Full quantum distribution of contrast in interference experiments between interacting one dimensional Bose liquids
Creators: name: Gritsev, Vladimir
name: Altman, Ehud
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Polkovnikov, Anatoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze interference experiments for a pair of independent one dimensional condensates of interacting bosonic atoms at zero temperature. We show that the distribution function of fringe amplitudes contains non-trivial information about non-local correlations within individual condensates and can be calculated explicitly using methods of conformal field theory. We point out interesting relations between these distribution functions, the partition function for a quantum impurity in a one-dimensional Luttinger liquid, and transfer matrices of conformal field theories. We demonstrate the connection between interference experiments in cold atoms and a variety of statistical models ranging from stochastic growth models to two dimensional quantum gravity. Such connection can be used to design a quantum simulator of unusual two-dimensional models described by nonunitary conformal field theories with negative central charges.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication in Nature Physics
Ligand and structure-based computational designing of multi-target molecules directing FFAR-1, FFAR-4 and PPAR-G as modulators of insulin receptor activity
Creators: name: Mishra, Shweta
name: Mithun Singh Rajput
name: Devashish Rathore
name: Dahima, Rashmi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Multi-agent therapies are an important treatment modality in many diseases based on the assumption that combining agents may result in increased therapeutic benefit by overcoming the mechanism of resistance and providing superior efficiency. Extensively validated 3D pharmacophore models for free fatty acid receptor-1 (FFAR-1), free fatty acid receptor-4 (FFAR-4), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-G (PPAR-G) was developed. The pharmacophore model for FFAR-1 (r2 = 0.98, q2 = 0.90) and PPAR-G (r2 = 0.89, q2 = 0.88) suggested that one hydrogen bond acceptor, one hydrogen bond donor, three aromatic rings, and two hydrophobic groups arranged in 3D space are essential for the binding affinity of FFAR-1 and PPAR-G inhibitors. Similarly, the pharmacophore model for FFAR-4 (r2 = 0.92, q2 = 0.87) suggested that the presence of a hydrogen bond acceptor, one negative atom, two aromatic rings, and three hydrophobic groups plays a vital role in the binding of an inhibitor of FFAR-4. These pharmacophore models allowed searches for novel FFAR-1, PPAR-G, and FFAR-4 triple inhibitors from multi-conformer 3D databases (Asinex). Finally, the twenty-five best hits were selected for molecular docking, to study the interaction of their complexes with all the proteins and final binding orientations of these molecules. After molecular docking, ten hits have been predicted to possess good binding affinity as per the Molecular Mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MM-GBSA) calculation for FFAR-1, FFAR-4, and PPAR-G which can be further investigated for its experimental in-vitro/in-vivo anti-diabetic activities. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Two-dimensional vortex behavior in highly underdoped YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x} observed by scanning Hall probe microscopy
Creators: name: Guikema, J. W.
name: Bluhm, Hendrik
name: Bonn, D. A.
name: Liang, Ruixing
name: Hardy, W. N.
name: Moler, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report scanning Hall probe microscopy of highly underdoped superconducting YBa_2Cu_3O_{6+x} with T_c ranging from 5 to 15 K which showed distinct flux bundles with less than one superconducting flux quantum (Phi_0) through the sample surface. The sub-Phi_0 features occurred more frequently for lower T_c, were more mobile than conventional vortices, and occurred more readily when the sample was cooled with an in-plane field component. We show that these features are consistent with kinked stacks of pancake vortices.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Detector Systems Engineering for Extremely Large Instruments
Creators: name: George, Elizabeth M.
name: Bezawada, Naidu
name: Ives, Derek
name: Mehrgan, Leander
name: Accardo, Matteo
name: Alvarez, Domingo
name: Brinkmann, Martin
name: Conzelmann, Ralf
name: Cumani, Claudio
name: Downing, Mark
name: Engelhardt, Max
name: Haug, Marcus
name: Hopgood, Joshua
name: Geimer, Christoph
name: Iwert, Olaf
name: Klein, Barbara
name: Mandla, Christopher
name: Müller, Eric
name: Ramsay, Suzanne
name: Reyes, Javier
name: Richerzhagen, Mathias
name: Serra, Benoît
name: Seidel, Matthias
name: Stegmeier, Jörg
name: Todorovic, Mirko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scientific detector systems for the ESO ELT first-light instruments, HARMONI, MICADO, and METIS, together will require 27 science detectors: seventeen 2.5 $μ$m cutoff H4RG-15 detectors, four 4K x 4K 231-84 CCDs, five 5.3 $μ$m cutoff H2RG detectors, and one 13.5 $μ$m cutoff GEOSNAP detector. This challenging program of scientific detector system development covers everything from designing and producing state-of-the-art detector control and readout electronics, to developing new detector characterization techniques in the lab, to performance modeling and final system verification. We report briefly on the current design of these detector systems and developments underway to meet the challenging scientific performance goals of the ELT instruments.
description: Proceedings of the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation Conference 2020
Consequences of more general (non-Guassian) fitness function from A reformulation of Fisher's runaway identifies the heritability of mate choices as a key parameter and highlights limitations of the hypothesis
Creators: name: Fry, James D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour
classificationCode: 490102
subject: Biological mathematics

description: Consequences of more general (non-Guassian) fitness function
Quantum decoherence of the damped harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Isar, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the Lindblad theory for open quantum systems, we determine the degree of quantum decoherence of a harmonic oscillator interacting with a thermal bath. It is found that the system manifests a quantum decoherence which is more and more significant in time. We also calculate the decoherence time and show that it has the same scale as the time after which thermal fluctuations become comparable with quantum fluctuations.
description: Talk at the XI International Conference on Quantum Optics (ICQO'2006), May 2006, Minsk (Belarus), 9 pages
title: Development and validation of novel data science tools for quantifying drug exposure using routinely collected data
Creators: name: Marshall, Alex Douglas
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: pharmacoepidemiology, data science, routinely collected data, r, drug exposure.

description: Routinely collected healthcare data are increasingly being used as a source for research into the effectiveness and safety of drugs. Although these data have great potential, they require preparation before they can be used in research, a process which, amongst a number of other tasks, typically involves quantifying patients’ exposure to the drug of interest. The aim of this thesis was to develop and validate a set of flexible, reusable functions for generating common drug exposure variables based on routinely collected prescribing data. Six main classes of method for quantifying drug exposure were identified through a review of pharmacoepidemiological research; ever use vs. never use, use at a specified time point, daily dose or duration, persistence and discontinuation, adherence, and population level measures. The information obtained on these methods, their applications and the potential variations within each class formed the basis for developing an R package, prescribeR, which contains a range of functions designed to simplify and standardise the generation of drug exposure variables, and to provide a structure for reporting how these variables were produced. The utility of the package was then demonstrated by applying it to two exemplar clinical studies, using a cohort of 5,571 patients with epilepsy constructed using linked data within the NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Safe Haven environment. In the first, prescribeR was used to quantify persistence to anti-epileptic drugs over the first 365 days of follow-up for cohort patients in order to assess differences in persistence across different drugs, as well as to compare persistence in new and existing users and patients prescribed monotherapy and combination therapy. All of the required persistence measurements for this study were generated using the prescribeR package, highlighting the relative ease of generating exposure data for a large cohort of patients and a number of different drugs. In the second, the package was used to examine the effects of adjusting drug exposure definition on the estimated number of patients exposed to various drugs, the estimated exposure durations. The association between levetiracetam exposure and all-cause mortality was estimated using a range of time-fixed and time-varying exposure definitions, and a wide range of hazard ratios and significance levels were observed across the resulting models, highlighting that the selected definition of drug exposure can potentially have a large impact on the results observed in clinical research.
Pushing the Frontier in Measuring the Mass of the Lightest Lepton: Results from the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment
Creators: name: Schlösser, Magnus
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2020

description: The determination of the neutrino mass is one of the major challenges in particle physics today. Experiments, based solely on the kinematics of β-decay, provide a largely model-independent probe to the neutrino mass scale. The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to directly measure the effective electron antineutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV (90% CL). It employs a cryogenic, highly pure, molecular tritium source providing a high luminosity of signal electrons. It is coupled to a high-resolution, integrating spectrometer for energy analysis. In this talk we present the principle of the measurement as well as how it was technically realised in a 70-m long beamline. Subsequent to a sequence of commissioning measurements, in 2019 the first neutrino mass run took place which will be discussed in detail. Our blind analyses allowed us to set an upper limit of 1.1 eV on the neutrino-mass scale at a 90% confidence level. This first result, based on a few weeks of running at a reduced source intensity and dominated by statistical uncertainty, improved on prior limits by nearly a factor of two. Finally, the talk will conclude with an outlook on future neutrino mass campaigns and on studies aiming to probe new physics theories (like sterile neutrinos) from the recorded high-resolution tritium β-spectra.
Derivation of quantities in Table 5 from A reformulation of Fisher's runaway identifies the heritability of mate choices as a key parameter and highlights limitations of the hypothesis
Creators: name: Fry, James D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour
classificationCode: 490102
subject: Biological mathematics

description: Derivation of quantities in Table 5
What are Hybrid Development Methods Made Of? An Evidence-based Characterization
Creators: name: Tell, Paolo
name: Klünder, Jil
name: Küpper, Steffen
name: Raffo, David
name: MacDonell, Stephen G.
name: Münch, Jürgen
name: Pfahl, Dietmar
name: Linssen, Oliver
name: Kuhrmann, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Among the multitude of software development processes available, hardly any is used by the book. Regardless of company size or industry sector, a majority of project teams and companies use customized processes that combine different development methods -- so-called hybrid development methods. Even though such hybrid development methods are highly individualized, a common understanding of how to systematically construct synergetic practices is missing. In this paper, we make a first step towards devising such guidelines. Grounded in 1,467 data points from a large-scale online survey among practitioners, we study the current state of practice in process use to answer the question: What are hybrid development methods made of? Our findings reveal that only eight methods and few practices build the core of modern software development. This small set allows for statistically constructing hybrid development methods. Using an 85% agreement level in the participants' selections, we provide two examples illustrating how hybrid development methods are characterized by the practices they are made of. Our evidence-based analysis approach lays the foundation for devising hybrid development methods.
description: Conference, 11 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
The effect of local and systemic use of arginine on dura matter healing
Creators: name: Jafari, Mostafa
name: Ahmadi, Sayed Ali
name: Darabi, Mohammad Reza
name: Javaheri, Javad
name: Chehrei, Ali
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Aim: Insufficient repair of the dura mater may result in numerous complication such as CSF leakage and meningitis. For this reason accurate repair of dura mater is very important. In this research we investigated the effect of systemic use of Arginine HCl on dural healing.

Conclusion: For the first time we showed Arginine HCl can accelerate dural healing. This effect may be due to increase of collagen synthesis and granulation tissue formation by Arginine supplementation.
Evidence of s-wave pairing symmetry in layered superconductor Li$_{0.68}$NbO$_2$ from the specific heat measurement
Creators: name: liu, G. T.
name: Luo, J. L.
name: Li, Z.
name: Guo, Y. Q.
name: Wang, N. L.
name: Jin, D.
name: Xiang, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high quality superconducting Li$_{0.68}$NbO$_2$ polycrystalline sample was synthesized by deintercalation of Li ions from Li$_{0.93}$NbO$_2$. The field dependent resistivity and specific heat were measured down to 0.5 K. The upper critical field $H_{c2} (T)$ is deduced from the resistivity data and $H_{c2}(0)$ is estimated to be $\sim 2.98$ T. A notable specific heat jump is observed at the superconducting transition temperature $T_c \sim 5.0$ K at zero field. Below $T_c$, the electronic specific heat shows a thermal activated behavior and agrees well with the theoretical result of the BCS s-wave superconductors. It indicates that the superconducting pairing in Li$_{0.68}$NbO$_2$ has s-wave symmetry.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Characterizing mutation-expression network relationships in multiple cancers
Creators: name: Ghazanfar, Shila
name: Yang, Jean Yee Hwa
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Data made available through large cancer consortia like The Cancer Genome Atlas make for a rich source of information to be studied across and between cancers. In recent years, network approaches have been applied to such data in uncovering the complex interrelationships between mutational and expression profiles, but lack direct testing for expression changes via mutation. In this pan-cancer study we analyse mutation and gene expression information in an integrative manner by considering the networks generated by testing for differences in expression in direct association with specific mutations. We relate our findings among 19 cancers examined to identify commonalities and differences as well as their characteristics.
Better Bell inequalities (passion at a distance)
Creators: name: Gill, Richard D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G42, 62M07 (Primary) 81P68 (Secondary)

description: I explain so-called quantum nonlocality experiments and discuss how to optimize them. Statistical tools from missing data maximum likelihood are crucial. New results are given on CGLMP, CH and ladder inequalities. Open problems are also discussed.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921707000000328 in the IMS Lecture Notes Monograph Series (http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Zwischen Drill und Lagerfeuerromantik
Creators: name: Koch, Katja
name: Decker, Clemens
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock, Arbeitsstelle Pädagogische Lesungen Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 370 Education
subject: 943 General history of Europe Central Europe Germany

description: Im Schuljahr 1978/79 wird ein Unterrichtsfach Wehrerziehung an Allgemeinbildenden Polytechnischen Oberschulen (POS) der DDR eingeführt. Mit diesem Schritt erreicht die Integration wehrerzieherischer Elemente in die Bildungsbiografie junger Menschen ihren Höhepunkt. An den Hilfsschulen des Landes allerdings wird dieses Fach nicht curricular verankert – hier findet Wehrunterricht erst im Rahmen der beruflichen Ausbildung statt. Bis heute ist nur wenig darüber bekannt, wie Wehrerziehung und Wehrunterricht bei Jugendlichen mit kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen gestaltet wurden. Hinweise darauf finden sich in bisher nicht analysierten Erfahrungsberichten, den Pädagogischen Lesungen. Hier werden die theoretischen Postulate der Wehrerziehung im schulischen Kontext der Hilfsschule ebenso beschrieben wie das didaktisch-methodische Vorgehen unter Berücksichtigung der kognitiven Beeinträchtigungen. Als zentraler Ankerpunkt erweist sich ein spezifischer Integrationsbegriff, der die Verteidigung des Vaterlandes sowohl zur Pflicht eines in die Gesellschaft integrierten Menschen macht als auch zu einem zentralen Element des Gelingens von Integration. Zur Kontextualisierung der Thematik stellt der vorliegende Beitrag zunächst die Entwicklung der schulischen Wehrerziehung für Kinder und Jugendliche bis hin zum Wehrunterricht dar und präsentiert anschließend Lehrwerke, -pläne und Unterrichtshilfen zum Thema Wehrunterricht.
Ram pressure stripping of HI-rich galaxies infalling into massive clusters
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Xu, Weiwei
name: Lee, Bumhyun
name: Du, Min
name: Overzier, Roderik
name: Shao, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the strength of ram pressure stripping (RPS) for HI-rich galaxies in X-ray detected clusters. We find that galaxies under stronger RPS tend to show more significantly reduced total HI mass and enhanced central SFR, compared to control galaxies in the field which have similar stellar mass, stellar surface density and integral star formation rate. Galaxies under strong or weak RPS account for around 40% of the HI-rich population at R200, and even beyond R200 in the most massive clusters. Our results imply the important role of RPS as a channel of environmental processing far before the galaxies reach the core region of clusters.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication at ApJ
Dispatches From The Frontline: The 1981 Brixton Riots and the Restructuring of Black British Identity
Creators: name: Gray, Donna E.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: 1981
Black
Brixton
Identity
Race
Riots

description: This thesis examines how the structuring of black (Afro-Caribbean) British identity led to the 1981 Brixton riots.  From the riots emerged community of black Britons with political and social expectations different from the previous generation.  The restructure of black British identity in this thesis will be examined through three lenses; the media, the police, and the black community.  Chapter One focuses on media representations of blackness, and how images were filtered to construct ideas of blackness and Britishness.  Chapter Two examines police structures of black identity as justification for heavy-handed methods employed in black neighborhoods.  Chapter Three reveals how the black community structured their identity to create a voice in British politics.  Through these lenses, the areas of identity conflict will be recognized as the catalyst for the riots, one of the most violent episodes in Twentieth-century British history, which opened the door for a new discourse on race-relations.
The thermodynamics of irreversible nonspecific protein adsorption at a solid-aqueous interface
Creators: name: Liu, Susan Marisa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Nonspecific adsorption of protein to interfaces is pervasive in nature and has both positive and negative consequences which are of interest to scientists and engineers. Previous studies on protein adsorption have indicated that adsorption is driven by a complex set of subprocesses rather than a single effect, and that the overall process is usually irreversible as verified by the lack of traceability between the ascending isotherm (increasing bulk protein concentration) and the descending isotherm (decreasing bulk protein concentration). These irreversible energetic effects have been neglected in current models describing protein adsorption which are entirely based on reversible thermodynamics. The objective of this thesis is to develop a thermodynamic framework describing the energies associated with nonspecific adsorption of protein to a liquid/solid interface, incorporating both the apparently reversible (quasi-equilibrium) and irreversible components of the process. To demonstrate the theory, a model system was chosen: the adsorption of hen egg-white lysozyme, to particulate silica in 50-rnM KC1 at pH 7 and 37°C. Isothermal titration calorimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and isotherm measurements are combined with our thermodynamic framework and a theory by Everett to show that two major subprocesses, restructuring of the protein upon adsorption and formation of multiple contacts between the protein and sorbent surface, are the major contributors to the irreversibility of the process.
Control Over Self-Assembled Janus Clusters by the Strength of Magnetic Field in H₂O₂
Creators: name: Alsaadawi, Yara
name: Eichler-Volf, Anna
name: Heigl, Michael
name: Zahn, Peter
name: Albrecht, Manfred
name: Erbe, Artur
Publisher: name: Rodare
Year: 2021

description: Microscope video of capped Janus particles propelled in Hydrogen peroxide under influence of varying magnetic fields. The caps compose of ferromagnetic (Co) and paramagnetic (Pd, H2O2 catalyst) elements carefully deposited onto one hemisphere of silica particles, which will later exhibit aligned magnetic moments upon saturation in 1 T magnetic field. The videos demonstrate different motion profiles depending on cluster shapes, with the later determined by cap-cap interaction of individual particles.
On a question of Pietch
Creators: name: Lonke, Yossi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B05, 46B45

description: The main result is that a finite dimensional normed space embeds isometrically in $\ell_p$ if and only if it has a discrete Levy $p$-representation. This provides an alternative answer to a question raised by Pietch, and as a corollary, a simple proof of the fact that unless $p$ is an even integer, the two-dimensional Hilbert space $\ell_2^2$ is not isometric to a subspace of $\ell_p$. The situation for $\ell_q^2$ with $q\neq 2$ turns out to be much more restrictive. The main result combined with a result of Dor provides a proof of the fact that if $q\neq 2$ then $\ell_q^2$ is not isometric to a subspace of $\ell_p$ unless $q=p$. Further applications concerning restrictions on the degree of smoothness of finite dimensional subspaces of $\ell_p$ are included as well.
description: This is a pre-print of an article published in "Positivity" (2020). The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11117-020-00758-6
Selection on Observables and Unobservables: Level I Trauma Center Effects on Return to Work Outcomes
Creators: name: Prada, Sergio
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Binary probit
Instrumental Variables
NSCOT
Propensity Score Matching
Return to Work
Trauma Center

description: Trauma accounts for twelve percent of Emergency Room visits in America. Level-I Trauma Centers provide care to persons with severe injury. Their specialization raises the possibility that they provide better care to patients there admitted than an equivalently injured person in a non-trauma hospital. MacKenzie et al (2006), using matching methods, showed that the risk of death is significantly lower when care is provided in a Level-I Trauma Center than in a non-trauma center. This dissertation explores whether for persons who were mainly working prior to their injury, was treatment at a trauma center more likely to result in their returning to work within 3 and within 12 months after injury. Outcomes are compared among patients treated in 18 hospitals with a Level-I Trauma Center and 51 non-trauma center hospitals located in 12 states. Patients 18 to 64 years old with a moderate-to-severe injury and who were mainly working prior to injury were eligible. We use linear probability models and propensity-score weighting to adjust for observable differences between patients treated at trauma centers and those treated at non-trauma centers. We also use Instrumental Variables methods to adjust for unobservable differences between patients. Covariates include severity of injury, labor market conditions, and individual socio-economic characteristics. Data comes from the National Study on the Costs and Outcomes of Trauma (NSCOT) conducted between 2001 and 2002. Using the percentage of people covered by helicopter transportation services at the state level as an instrument for the probability to be transported to a Level-I Trauma, we find that treatment at these centers improve the probability of returning to work within 3 months after injury by ten to twelve percentage points. These results are robust to sensitivity tests on specification and to sample variation.