cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Noun phrases, pronouns and anaphoric reference in young children narratives
Creators: name: Gülzow, Insa
name: Gagarina, Natalia Vladimirovna
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: This paper deals with the development of discourse competence in German-, Russian- and Bulgarian-speaking children. In particular, it examines the use of anaphoric pronominal reference in elicited narrations of children between the ages of 2;6 and 6;0. As the pronominal (and nominal) systems of target German, Russian and Bulgarian differ in the repertoire and functions of anaphoric elements we will examine which kind of noun phrases children use to make reference to story participants. In a second step of the analysis, we will investigate how pronominal expressions relate to antecedents. In this respect the pronominal form of the anaphor, the syntactic function of the antecedent and the distance between antecedent and anaphor will be analyzed. The findings will be discussed with regard to predictions made by proposals such as the Complementary Hypothesis (Bosch, Rozario, and Zhao 2003) which assumes an asymmetry between the use of personal pro-nouns and demonstrative pronouns when referring back to subject or object antecedents.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
Production and comprehension of intersentential pronominal reference in early child Bulgarian
Creators: name: Kühnast, Milena
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: The paper presents results from a combined production and comprehension study addressing some of the factors which guide the establishment of intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult Bulgarian. We investigate the time course and different stages in the acquisition of null, personal and demonstrative pro-nouns and their specific anaphoric functions. We target possible age-induced changes in the salience hierarchy of referent features such as animacy and grammatical role. Following the general consent in the field of anaphora research, we assume a division of labour between different pronominal forms with respect to the salience of their referents. Based on the data of Bulgarian preschool children we investigate the validity of this form-function relation, its language-specific shape and its developmentally induced variation. The results reveal an initial prominence of animate referents which later on develops into preference for animate subjects. Although the investigated 3 to 5 year old Bulgarian children do not stick to the adult anaphora resolution strategy, they comply with the principle of the reversed mapping within the range of tested pronouns and react according to their salience criteria which promote animate subjects as the most prominent co-reference candidates.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
On the Construction of Prefix-Free and Fix-Free Codes with Specified Codeword Compositions
Creators: name: Kakhbod, Ali
name: Zadimoghaddam, Morteza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the construction of prefix-free and fix-free codes with specified codeword compositions. We present a polynomial time algorithm which constructs a fix-free code with the same codeword compositions as a given code for a special class of codes called distinct codes. We consider the construction of optimal fix-free codes which minimizes the average codeword cost for general letter costs with uniform distribution of the codewords and present an approximation algorithm to find a near optimal fix-free code with a given constant cost.
"The hare hugs the rabbit. He is white ... Who is white?": Pronominal anaphora in Russian
Creators: name: Gagarina, Natalia Vladimirovna
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: This paper investigates the production and comprehension of intrasentential anaphoric pronominal reference in Russian. In particular, it examines the elicited imitation and comprehension of three anaphoric pronouns in subject position – personal 3rd singular masculine, demonstrative and zero – in one hundred and eighty monolingual Russian-speaking children and twenty adults. The three types of pronouns were designed to have an antecedent in the preceding sentence containing a verb and two arguments. These antecedents differ in their syntactical role and animacy. The sentence position, agentivity and topicality remained constant. The sentences with (in)animate subjects and objects constituted the following four 'conditions': two sentences with a subject and an object being either animate or inanimate and two sentences with a subject and an object exhibiting a diverse (in)animacy. Regarding the resolution of the anaphoric pronouns the similarity principle (or feature-concord rule) and its possible violations were tested. This principle suggests that an anaphoric pronoun is most likely resolved to the antecedent with a maximum of similar characteristics or features and it primarily governs the assignment of an antecedent to anaphoric pronouns in subject position in the absence of the violating conditions. Results show the influence of this rule on the anaphora resolution process increasing with age, on the one hand, and the development of the impact of animacy, syntactic role and the type of anaphoric pronouns that violate the feature-concord rule, on the other.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
DMTPC: A dark matter detector with directional sensitivity
Creators: name: Battat, J. B. R.
name: Ahlen, S.
name: Caldwell, T.
name: Dujmic, D.
name: Dushkin, A.
name: Fisher, P.
name: Golub, F.
name: Goyal, S.
name: Henderson, S.
name: Inglis, A.
name: Lanza, R.
name: Lopez, J.
name: Kaboth, A.
name: Kohse, G.
name: Monroe, J.
name: Sciolla, G.
name: Skvorodnev, B. N.
name: Tomita, H.
name: Vanderspek, R.
name: Wellenstein, H.
name: Yamamoto, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By correlating nuclear recoil directions with the Earth's direction of motion through the Galaxy, a directional dark matter detector can unambiguously detect Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), even in the presence of backgrounds. Here, we describe the Dark Matter Time-Projection Chamber (DMTPC) detector, a TPC filled with CF4 gas at low pressure (0.1 atm). Using this detector, we have measured the vector direction (head-tail) of nuclear recoils down to energies of 100 keV with an angular resolution of <15 degrees. To study our detector backgrounds, we have operated in a basement laboratory on the MIT campus for several months. We are currently building a new, high-radiopurity detector for deployment underground at the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant facility in New Mexico.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, proceedings for the CIPANP 2009 conference, May 26-31, 2009
Can one live from his work? Some considerations on the work of the "poor". A reflection on wage labor over the centuries at the announced time of "the uberisation of the world". 2/2
Creators: name: Liebart, Deborah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: After having discussed the wage forms over the centuries, let's have a look at today, in a troubled social context ("food riots" part-time work, high unemployment rate), at the forms of sustenance of the individual, through the ages. Let's discuss the issues of purchasing power, consumption and income.

Since Antiquity, it becomes apparent that the salary of the worker is not enough nor for his sustenance, and, a fortiori causa, neither for the maintenance of a family.

With the end of the Black Death, resulting in a significant demographic decline, wage negotiation become easier. Paradoxically, archival sources show that the poverty of wage income is sometimes coupled with a rise in the standard of living. What does that mean ? What are the real income of the worker?
Influence of animacy and grammatical role on production and comprehension of intersentential pronouns in German L1-acquisition
Creators: name: Bittner, Dagmar
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: In anaphora resolution theory, it has been assumed that anaphora resolution is based on a reversed mapping of antecedent salience and anaphora complexity: minimal complex anaphora refer to maximal salient antecedents. In order to ex-amine whether and by which developmental steps German children gain command of this mapping maxim we conducted an experiment on production and comprehension of intersentential pronouns including the three pronoun types zero, personal, and demonstrative pronoun. With respect to antecedent salience, the experiment varied syntactic role (subject/object) and in/animacy. Six age groups of children (age range from 2;0 to 6;0) and an adult control group has been tested. The hypothesis arising from the mapping maxim is that zero pronoun correlates with more salient antecedents than personal and demonstrative pronoun, the latter correlating with the least salient antecedents. The results are: In production, children first establish the opposition of zero pronoun with animate antecedents vs. demonstrative pronoun with inanimate antecedents. In a next step, syntactic role comes into play and a more complex system opposing the three presented pronoun types is established. In comprehension, however, the effect of pronoun type re-mains weak and antecedent features remain a strong factor in reference choice. However, also adults employ pronoun type and antecedent features. The oldest children and the adults show variation in personal pronoun resolution according to the animacy pattern of the potential antecedents. In case of identical animacy features, the subject is the preferred candidate; in case of distinct animacy features, there is a tendency to choose the object antecedent.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
Comparison of statistical treatments for the equation of state for core-collapse supernovae
Creators: name: Souza, S. R.
name: Steiner, A. W.
name: Lynch, W. G.
name: Donangelo, R.
name: Famiano, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinos emitted during the collapse, bounce and subsequent explosion provide information about supernova dynamics. The neutrino spectra are determined by weak interactions with nuclei and nucleons in the inner regions of the star, and thus the neutrino spectra are determined by the composition of matter. The composition of stellar matter at temperature ranging from $T=1-3$ MeV and densities ranging from $10^{-5}$ to 0.1 times the saturation density is explored. We examine the single-nucleus approximation commonly used in describing dense matter in supernova simulations and show that, while the approximation is accurate for predicting the energy and pressure at most densities, it fails to predict the composition accurately. We find that as the temperature and density increase, the single nucleus approximation systematically overpredicts the mass number of nuclei that are actually present and underestimates the contribution from lighter nuclei which are present in significant amounts.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
PVC alapanyagok szárítására alkalmas Air swept gyártósor kifejlesztése
Creators: name: Kovács Imre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: PVC, Air swept

description: Vinilklorid polimerizációjánál keletkező vizes PVC por, nedves PVC darálék, valamint kukoricacsutkaliszt szárítására alkalmas Air swept gyártósor kifejlesztése elsődleges alapanyag előállítására báziskomponensek víztartalmának optimális értékre történő beállításával
Pronouns in competition: predicting acquisition delays cross-linguistically
Creators: name: Hendriks, Petra
name: Siekman, Irene
name: Smits, Erik-Jan
name: Spenader, Jennifer
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: It is well known that English children between the age of 4 and 6 display a so-called Delay of Principle B Effect (DPBE) in that they allow pronouns to refer to a local c-commanding antecedent. Their guessing pattern with pronouns contrasts with their adult-like interpretation of reflexives. The DPBE has been explained as resulting from a lack of pragmatic knowledge or insufficient cognitive resources. However, such extra-grammatical accounts cannot explain why the DPBE only shows up in particular languages and in particular syntactic environments. Moreover, such accounts fail to explain why the DPBE only emerges in comprehension and not in production. This paper hypothesizes that the presence or absence of the DPBE can be explained from the properties of the grammar. Fischer's (2004) optimality-theoretic analysis of binding, explaining cross-linguistic variation, and Hendriks and Spenader's (2005/6) optimality-theoretic account of the acquisition of pronouns and reflexives are combined into a single model. This model yields testable predictions with respect to the presence or absence of the DPBE in particular languages, in particular syntactic environments, and in comprehension and/or production.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
Testing New Indirect CP Violation
Creators: name: Grossman, Yuval
name: Nir, Yosef
name: Perez, Gilad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If new CP violating physics contributes to neutral meson mixing, but its contribution to CP violation in decay amplitudes is negligible, then there is a model independent relation between four (generally independent) observables related to the mixing: The mass splitting (x), the width splitting (y), the CP violation in mixing (1-|q/p|), and the CP violation in the interference of decays with and without mixing (ϕ). For the four neutral meson systems, this relation can be written in a simple approximate form: y tanϕ~ x(|q/p|-1). This relation is already tested (successfully) in the neutral K system. It provides predictions for the B_s and D systems. The success or failure of these relations will probe the physics that is responsible for the CP violation.
description: 5 pages, further insights regarding Eq. (27)
TeV Gamma-rays from accreting magnetars in massive binaries
Creators: name: Bednarek, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the neutron star (NS) of the magnetar type inside the massive binary system. We determine the conditions under which the matter from the stellar wind can penetrate the inner magnetosphere of the magnetar. At some distance from the NS surface, the magnetic pressure can balance the gravitational pressure of the accreting matter creating very turbulent, magnetized transition region. It is suggested that this region provides good conditions for acceleration of electrons to relativistic energies. These electrons lose energy on the synchrotron process and the Inverse Compton (IC) scattering of the radiation from the nearby massive stellar companion, producing high energy radiation from the X-rays up to $\sim$TeV $γ$-rays. The primary $γ$-rays can be farther absorbed in the stellar radiation developing the IC $e^\pm$ pair cascade. We calculate the synchrotron X-ray emission from primary electrons and secondary $e^\pm$ pairs and the IC $γ$-ray emission from the cascade process. It is shown that the quasi-simultaneous observations of the TeV $γ$-ray binary system LSI +61 303 in the X-ray and the TeV $γ$-ray energy ranges can be explained in such an accreting magnetar model.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, submitted to MNRAS
Coreference preferences for personal pronouns in German
Creators: name: Bouma, Gerlof
name: Hopp, Holger
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: This paper presents psycholinguistic evidence on the factors governing the resolution of German personal pronouns. To determine the relative influence of linear order versus grammatical function of potential antecedents, two interpretation-preference tasks were designed. Their specific aim was to disentangle salience factors conflated in previous research on pronoun interpretation, such as linear or-der, first mention and topicalization. Experiment 1 tested pronoun resolution to non-sentence-initial position (scrambling) and Experiment 2 tested pronoun resolution to sentence-initial position (topicalization). The results across different verb types and across different syntactic contexts in Experiments 1 and 2 show that grammatical function, yet neither linear order, first mention nor topicalization predicts pronoun resolution in German.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
Consistent order estimation and minimal penalties
Creators: name: Gassiat, Elisabeth
name: Van Handel, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider an i.i.d. sequence of random variables whose distribution f* lies in one of a nested family of models M_q, q>=1. The smallest index q* such that M_{q*} contains f* is called the model order. We establish strong consistency of the penalized likelihood order estimator in a general setting with penalties of order η(q) log log n, where η(q) is a dimensional quantity. Moreover, such penalties are shown to be minimal. In contrast to previous work, an a priori upper bound on the model order is not assumed. The results rely on a sharp characterization of the pathwise fluctuations of the generalized likelihood ratio statistic under entropy assumptions on the model classes. Our results are applied to the geometrically complex problem of location mixture order estimation, which is widely used but poorly understood.
description: 26 pages
Die Argumentationsfähigkeit der Studierenden mit Hilfe von KI-Schreibtools entwickeln
Creators: name: Bohr, Bärbel
name: Daum, Mirjam
name: Schulze-Bentrop, Jessica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Auf der Gründungskonferenz des VK:KIWA im März 2023 hat sich eine Arbeitsgruppe gebildet, die das Potenzial von KI-Schreibwerkzeugen zur Förderung der Argumentationsfähigkeit im wissenschaftlichen Schreiben an Hochschulen untersucht. Der Einsatz dieser Tools soll verantwortungsbewusst und kritisch erfolgen und dient dem Ziel, das Feedback für die Studierenden zu individualisieren und formativ zu gestalten. Zu diesem Zweck möchte die Arbeitsgruppe einen Leitfaden für interessierte Lehrpersonen entwickeln.
Reference determination for demonstrative pronouns
Creators: name: Bosch, Peter
name: Umbach, Carla
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: This paper discusses results from a corpus study of German demonstrative and personal pronouns and from a reading time experiment in which we compared the interpretation options of the two types of pronouns (Bosch et al. 2003, 2007). A careful review of exceptions to a generalisation we had been suggesting in those papers (the Subject Hypothesis: "Personal pronouns prefer subject antecedents and demonstratives prefer non-subject antecedents") shows that, although this generalisation correctly describes a tendency in the data, it is quite wrong in claiming that the grammatical role of antecedents is the relevant parameter. In the current paper we argue that the generalisation should be formulated in terms of in-formation-structural properties of referents rather than in terms of the grammatical role of antecedent expressions.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
Noise Induced Intermittency in a Superconducting Microwave Resonator
Creators: name: Bachar, Gil
name: Segev, Eran
name: Shtempluck, Oleg
name: Shaw, Steven W.
name: Buks, Eyal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally and numerically study a NbN superconducting stripline resonator integrated with a microbridge. We find that the response of the system to monochromatic excitation exhibits intermittency, namely, noise-induced jumping between coexisting steady-state and limit-cycle responses. A theoretical model that assumes piecewise linear dynamics yields partial agreement with the experimental findings.
influence of 'aboutness' on pronominal coreference
Creators: name: Wind Cowles, H.
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: Previous work examining the role of antecedent accessibility in pronominal coreference has often linked coreference to prominent structural positions that in turn are linked to information structure statuses such as topic. Three experiments examine the influence of topichood independently of structural prominence by exploring the influence of the pragmatic notion of aboutness on the written production of pronominal coreferring expressions. The results show that being mentioned in an about-phrase increases the likelihood that a referent will be selected as the future topic of a following sentence as well as increasing the proportion of responses with early, pronominal coreference to that referent, at the expense of coreference with the subject. These results suggest that coreference is sensitive to the status of other, structurally non-prominent referents in discourse, and that the pragmatic notion of aboutness influences pronominal coreference.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
Generalized Faraday law derived from classical forces in a rotating frame
Creators: name: Choi, Taeseung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the additional spin dependent classical force due to the rotation of an electron spin's rest frame is essential to derive a spin-Faraday law by using an analogy with the usual Faraday law. The contribution of the additional spin dependent force to the spin-Faraday law is the same as that of the spin geometric phase. With this observations, Faraday law is generalized to include both the usual Faraday and the spin-Faraday laws in a unified manner.
Children's use of referring expressions: some implications for theory of mind
Creators: name: Gundel, Jeanette K.
name: Ntelitheos, Dimitris
name: Kowalsky, Melinda
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: This paper presents results of corpus analytic investigations of children's use of referring expressions and considers possible implications of this work for questions relating to development of theory of mind. The study confirms previous findings that children use the full range of referring forms (definite and indefinite articles, demonstrative determiners, and demonstrative and personal pronouns) appropriately by age 3 or earlier. It also provides support for two distinct stages in mind-reading ability. The first, which is implicit and non-propositional, includes the ability to assess cognitive statuses such as familiarity and focus of attention in relation to the intended referent; the second, which is propositional and more conscious, includes the ability to assess epistemic states such as knowledge and belief. Distinguishing these two stages supports attempts to reconcile seemingly inconsistent results concerning the age at which children develop theory of mind. It also makes it possible to explain why children learn to use forms correctly be-fore they exhibit the pragmatic ability to consider and calculate quantity implicatures.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
Kundt Spacetimes
Creators: name: Coley, A.
name: Hervik, S.
name: Papadopoulos, G.
name: Pelavas, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kundt spacetimes are of great importance in general relativity in 4 dimensions and have a number of topical applications in higher dimensions in the context of string theory. The degenerate Kundt spacetimes have many special and unique mathematical properties, including their invariant curvature structure and their holonomy structure. We provide a rigorous geometrical kinematical definition of the general Kundt spacetime in 4 dimensions; essentially a Kundt spacetime is defined as one admitting a null vector that is geodesic, expansion-free, shear-free and twist-free. A Kundt spacetime is said to be degenerate if the preferred kinematic and curvature null frames are all aligned. The degenerate Kundt spacetimes are the only spacetimes in 4 dimensions that are not $\mathcal{I}$-non-degenerate, so that they are not determined by their scalar polynomial curvature invariants. We first discuss the non-aligned Kundt spacetimes, and then turn our attention to the degenerate Kundt spacetimes. The degenerate Kundt spacetimes are classified algebraically by the Riemann tensor and its covariant derivatives in the aligned kinematic frame; as an example, we classify Riemann type D degenerate Kundt spacetimes in which $\nabla(Riem),\nabla^{(2)}(Riem)$ are also of type D. We discuss other local characteristics of the degenerate Kundt spacetimes. Finally, we discuss degenerate Kundt spacetimes in higher dimensions.
description: 40 pages. to appear CQG
A measure of individual role in collective dynamics
Creators: name: Klemm, Konstantin
name: Serrano, M. Angeles
name: Eguiluz, Victor M.
name: Miguel, Maxi San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying key players in collective dynamics remains a challenge in several research fields, from the efficient dissemination of ideas to drug target discovery in biomedical problems. The difficulty lies at several levels: how to single out the role of individual elements in such intermingled systems, or which is the best way to quantify their importance. Centrality measures describe a node's importance by its position in a network. The key issue obviated is that the contribution of a node to the collective behavior is not uniquely determined by the structure of the system but it is a result of the interplay between dynamics and network structure. We show that dynamical influence measures explicitly how strongly a node's dynamical state affects collective behavior. For critical spreading, dynamical influence targets nodes according to their spreading capabilities. For diffusive processes it quantifies how efficiently real systems may be controlled by manipulating a single node.
description: accepted for publication in Scientific Reports
Design and Analysis of an Attack Resilient and Adaptive Medium access Control Protocol for Computer Networks
Creators: name: Shukla, Piyush Kumar
name: Silakari, Dr. S.
name: Bhadoria, Dr. Sarita Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The challenge of designing an efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol and analyzing it has been an important research topic for over 30 years. This paper focuses on the performance analysis (through simulation) and modification of a well known MAC protocol CSMA/CD. The existing protocol does not consider the wastage of bandwidth due to unutilized periods of the channel. By considering this fact, performance of MAC protocol can be enhanced. The purpose of this work is to modify the existing protocol by enabling it to adapt according to state of the network. The modified protocol takes appropriate action whenever unutilized periods detected. In this way, to increase the effective bandwidth utilization and determine how it behaves under increasing load, and varying packet sizes. It will also include effects of attacks i.e. Denial of service attacks, Replay Attack, Continuous Channel Access or Exhaustion attack, Flooding attack, Jamming (Radio interference) attack, Selective forwarding attack which degrade performance of MAC protocol. In Continuous Channel Access or Exhaustion attack, a malicious node disrupts the MAC protocol, by continuously requesting or transmitting over the channel. This eventually leads a starvation for other nodes in the network w.r.t channel access. remedy may be the network ignores excessive requests without sending expensive radio transmissions. This limit however cannot drop below the expected maximum data rate the network has to support. This limit is usually coded into the protocol during the design phase and requires additional logic also. Repeated application of these exhaustion or collision based MAC layer attacks can lead into unfairness.
description: 10 pages, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security
KI-Sprachtools als Chance für Sichtbarkeit und Relevanz von Schreibzentren
Creators: name: Buck, Isabella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Wenn KI-Sprachwerkzeuge Studierende beim Schreiben wissenschaftlicher Texte unterstützen, führt dies in einer dystopischen Perspektive dazu, dass Schreibzentren und Schreibberatung sinnlos werden. Viel wahrscheinlicher ist jedoch ein positiveres Szenario: Schreibzentren sind prädestiniert dafür, an Hochschulen als zentrale Akteurinnen an konkreten Lösungen für einen sinnvollen, verantwortungsbewussten Einsatz von KI-Schreibwerkzeugen in Studium und Lehre mitzuarbeiten, da Schreibzentren aufgrund ihrer Expertise überzeugende Antworten auf Fragen haben, die Hochschulleitende wie Lehrende in Anbetracht der technologischen Transformationen derzeit umtreiben. Insofern sind die aktuellen Entwicklungen eine große Chance für die Sichtbarkeit und strategische Positionierung von Schreibzentren – wodurch am Ende wiederum auch die Bedeutung von Schreibberatung gestärkt wird.
The Diverse Solar Phase Curves of Distant Icy Bodies. II. The Cause of the Opposition Surges and Their Correlations
Creators: name: Schaefer, Bradley E.
name: Rabinowitz, David L.
name: Tourtellotte, Suzanne W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We collect well-measured opposition surge properties for many icy bodies orbiting the Sun (mostly from our own observations) plus for many icy moons, resulting in a data base of surface and orbital properties for 52 icy bodies. (1) We put forward four criteria for determining whether the surge is being dominated by shadow hiding (SH) or coherent backscattering (CB) based on readily measured quantities. The CB surge mechanism dominates if the surge is color dependent, the phase curve is steeper than 0.04 mag/deg, the phase curve shape matches the CB model of Hapke, or if the albedo is higher than roughly 40%. (2) We find that virtually all of our sample have their phase curves dominated by CB at low phase angles. (3) We present a graphical method to determine the Hapke surge parameters B_C0 and h_C. (4) The Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) and Centaurs have relatively high surge amplitudes, B_C0 > ~0.5 and widths with h_C ~ 3 deg. (5) We find highly significant but loose correlations between surge properties and the colors, albedos, and inclinations. We interpret this as young surfaces tending to have low surge slopes, high albedo, and gray colors. (6) Nereid has its surface properties similar to other icy moons and greatly different from KBOs and Centaurs, so we conclude that Nereid is likely a nearly-ejected inner Neptunian moon rather than a captured KBO.
description: Astronomical Journal, in press, 41 pages, 5 figures
Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language
Creators: name: Bittner, Dagmar
name: Gagarina, Natalia
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: The 48th volume of the ZAS Papers in Linguistics presents selected papers from the conference on Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language held at the ZAS in December, 2006. The conference, organized by the project Acquisition and disambiguation of intersentential pronominal reference, brought together leading researchers dealing with anaphora resolution in diverse theoretical approaches and the acquisition perspective on pronominal reference taken by the ZAS project.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 48 (2007): Intersentential pronominal reference in child and adult language: proceedings of the Conference on Intersentential Pronominal Reference in Child and Adult Language, December 1-2, 2006, Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft (ZAS), Berlin
Object control in Korean: obligatory vs. non-obligatory control
Creators: name: Polinsky, Maria
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: In this paper, I examine two object control constructions in Korean which differ only in the surface word order: in one of the constructions, the control complement follows the controller, but in the other, precedes it. I argue that the contrast between these constructions cannot be attributed to scrambling. The difference between these constructions can only be captured if one of them is analyzed as OC, and the other as instantiating NOC. Section 2 presents the relevant constructions and their earlier analyses available in the literature; section 3 presents a detailed discussion of differences between the two object control constructions. My proposal for analyzing these constructions is presented in section 4. Section 5 introduces two outstanding questions related to the proposed structures: the status of scrambling in Korean and the analysis of the inverse control construction. Conclusions and general discussion follow in section 6.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 47 (2007): Studies in complement control
On the control/raising ambiguity with aspectual verbs: a structural account
Creators: name: Fukuda, Shin
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: In what follows, I first briefly review Perlmutter (1968, 1970), in which it is argued that aspectual verbs are ambiguous between control and raising. I suggest that while the argument for the raising analysis is solid, the arguments supporting the control analysis of aspectual verbs are less so. As an alternative hypothesis to consider, I introduce the structural ambiguity hypothesis. In Section 3, I review three recent analyses of control and raising. Although there are important differences among them, they all share the basic assumption that the control/raising distinction is due to differences in selectional restrictions that the lexical items impose. Under such an assumption, the lexical ambiguity hypothesis is the only available option. In Section 4, I present evidence for the structural ambiguity hypothesis from studies concerning aspectual verbs in languages from four distinct families, German (Wurmbrand 2001), Japanese (Fukuda 2006), Romance languages (Cinque 2003), and Basque (Arregi Molina-Azaola 2004). These data strongly suggest that across languages aspectual verbs can appear in two different syntactic positions, either below or above vP, or the projection with which an external argument is introduced (Kratzer 1994, 1996, Chomsky 1995). Given these findings, I argue that it is the aspectual verbs' position with respect to vP which creates the control/raising ambiguity. When an aspectual verb appears in a position that is lower than vP, an external argument takes scope over the aspectual verb. Thus, it is interpreted as control. When an aspectual verb appears in a position that is higher than vP, on the other hand, it is the aspectual verb that takes scope over an entire vP, including the external argument. Thus, it is interpreted as raising. In section 5, I extend the scope of this study to include a discussion of want-type verbs in Indonesian, as analyzed in Polinsky & Potsdam (2006). Polinsky & Potsdam argue that the Indonesian want-type verbs must be raising in at least certain cases where they allow a rather peculiar interpretation. Although they assume that there are also control counterparts of the want-type verbs, I argue that applying the proposed analysis to the want-type verbs does away with the need for stipulating two distinct lexical entries for these verbs. Section 6 concludes the paper.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 47 (2007): Studies in complement control
Complement control in Turkish
Creators: name: Słodowicz, Szymon
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: Complement control is a well-known phenomenon in Turkish linguistics, and different proposals for analysing it are available. The majority of these treat control as a structural phenomenon, cf. Kerslake (1987), Özsoy (1987; 2001) and Kural (1998). In sum, control is predicted only in sentences with complement clauses formed with the suffixes -mEk and -mE, which can be case-marked, but the appearance of a possessive marker definitely precludes control. As far as the control relations are concerned, the research so far has attested the classical cases of subject and object control. In addition to that, variable control is discussed by Taylan (1996). The status of the controlled element is discussed by Bozşahin (in press), which concludes that the syntactic subject is appointed by this function in Turkish. In this paper I will argue that the currently established approach to control is insufficient. The shortcomings of a strictly configurational approach become clear if a broader perspective on control is adopted. I follow the approach to control outlined by Stiebels (this volume), and show that two types of control must be distinguished. Inherent control is encoded in the lexical entry of the verb. Verbs which show inherent control either select only control-inducing structures or trigger control in environments not requiring control. Structural control, on the other hand, arises through the use of a control-inducing structure with a verb which does not inherently require control. Structural control verbs show control only with control-inducing structures. No control occurs with such verbs in other configurations. The data discussed in this paper will show that control is a ‘mixed’ phenomenon, since it may arise structurally or semantically. Its explanation must therefore consider the semantics of the relevant matrix verbs and the syntactic properties of complement clauses on an equal basis.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 47 (2007): Studies in complement control
Capacity with energy constraint in coherent state channel
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two kind of energy constraints when the output state is a coherent state. One is a constraint on the total energy during a fixed period; the other is a constraint on the total energy for a single code. The first setting can be easily dealt with by using the conventional capacity formula. The second setting requires the general capacity formula for a classical-quantum channel.
Semantic and structural aspects of complement control in Korean
Creators: name: Gamerschlag, Thomas
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: In this article, I will present a survey of control structures in Korean. The survey is based on a sample of seventy SOA-argument-taking predicates, which are classified with respect to their complementation patterns and control properties. As a result, Korean is characterized as a language in which semantically determined control is predominant, whereas constructionally induced control is only marginal. In the discussion of the sample, I will show that there are two major classes of verbs exhibiting semantic control: the first class consists of matrix verbs such as hwuhoyhata 'regret' or kangyohata 'force', which require obligatory coreference between a matrix argument and the embedded subject due to their lexical meaning. The verbs of the second class are utterance verbs such as malhata 'tell', which select clauses headed by the quotative complementizer ko. With these verbs, subject, object, or split control arises if specific modal suffixes are attached to the verb heading the complement clause. In the second part of the paper, I will provide a lexical analysis of control in Korean, which adopts the Principle of Controller Choice proposed by Farkas (1988) as well as additional constraints which have to be assumed independently.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 47 (2007): Studies in complement control
Noi, naufraghi ai confini del mondo Due tappe alla Biennale Arte di Venezia 2017
Creators: name: Ghiraldini, Anna
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2017

description: VIVA ARTE VIVA is the name under which this year Biennale will be running throughout the city of Venice until November 26th 2017. The Italian Pavilion is exhibiting Senza titolo (La fine del mondo) by young artist Giorgio Andreotta Calò, a calm sea of steel, wood and uncertainty which deals with the attempt to overcome the global crisis by using mythology, rituals and the world of magic and irrationality. The South African Pavilion hosts The Passage, a three-channel installation by Mohau Modisakeng which shows the sinking of three white ships on a black sea as the wreck of the global community that people can no longer avoid thinking about.
Primary units in cyclotomic fields
Creators: name: Dalawat, Chandan Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11S10, 11R18, 11R27

description: We investigate the interrelationships of three notions of primary units in the local cyclotomic field of $p$-th roots of~1($p$ being an odd prime number), especially with reference to global units.
description: 7 pages, suppresed cor. 4 in v2, to appear in the Annales des sciences math\'ematiques du Qu\'ebec
Zur Frage einer prozessorientierten Bewertung schriftlicher Prüfungsleistungen
Creators: name: Buck, Isabella
name: Haverkamp, Hendrik
name: Limburg, Anika
name: Lordick, Nadine
name: Schindler, Kirsten
name: Wilder, Nicolaus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Im Kontext von Schule und Hochschule hat der Einsatz textgenerierender KIs Bedenken hinsichtlich der Bewertung von schriftlichen Arbeiten aufgeworfen. Im Diskurs wird deswegen häufig ein Wandel von der Bewertung des Endprodukts zu einer prozessorientierten Bewertung gefordert. Dies stellt jedoch eine Herausforderung für die Benotung dar, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Vielfalt der Schreibprozesse und das Lern- und Bildungspotential unvollständiger und fehlerhafter Zwischenprodukte. Außerdem muss die Rolle der Lehrkraft bei einem solchen Ansatz klar definiert werden, um sicherzustellen, dass die Lernmöglichkeiten der Studierenden erhalten bleiben.
Appendix: questionnaire for complement control and control predicates
Creators: name: Stiebels, Barbara
Publisher: name: ZAS Papers in Linguistics
Year: 2007

description: This questionnaire focuses on control structures that are instantiated by predicates that take a state of affairs (SOA) argument. Noonan (1985) has called these predicates 'complement-taking predicates'; I will use the notion of SOAAtaking predicates (SOAA = state of affairs argument). Prototypically, complement control is instantiated by certain classes of verbs; however, adjectives (be eager to) and nouns (e.g. nominalizations such as promise) may function as control predicates as well. 'Control' refers to the pattern of argument identification between an argument of the SOAA-taking predicate and an argument of the SOAA-head. In the literature the notion of 'equi deletion' or 'equi-NP deletion' has been used (following Rosenbaum 1967), which refers to structures in which an overt argument of the matrix predicate is identified with a covert argument of the embedded predicate. This questionnaire aims at a cross-linguistic application of the notion of control and thus uses a semantic definition of complement control. It extends the notion of control to other patterns of referential dependency between arguments of a SOAA-taking predicate and of the embedded predicate.
description: ZAS Papers in Linguistics, Bd. 47 (2007): Studies in complement control
Fractional Fourier Transform and Geometric Quantization
Creators: name: Chmielowiec, Witold
name: Kijowski, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81S10, 53D50, 35Q41, 43A32

description: Generalized Fourier transformation between the position and the momentum representation of a quantum state is constructed in a coordinate independent way. The only ingredient of this construction is the symplectic (canonical) geometry of the phase-space: no linear structure is necessary. It is shown that the "fractional Fourier transform" provides a simple example of this construction. As an application of this techniques we show that for any linear Hamiltonian system, its quantum dynamics can be obtained exactly as the lift of the corresponding classical dynamics by means of the above transformation. Moreover, it can be deduced from the free quantum evolution. This way new, unknown symmetries of the Schrödinger equation can be constructed. It is also argued that the above construction defines in a natural way a connection in the bundle of quantum states, with the base space describing all their possible representations. The non-flatness of this connection would be responsible for the non-existence of a quantum representation of the complete algebra of classical observables.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures, LaTeX; some minor corrections