cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimized Uplink Transmission in Multi-Antenna C-RAN with Spatial Compression and Forward
Creators: name: Liu, Liang
name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Massive MIMO and C-RAN are two promising techniques for implementing future wireless communication systems, where a large number of antennas are deployed either being co-located at the base station (BS) or totally distributed at separate sites called remote radio heads (RRHs). In this paper, we consider a general antenna deployment design for wireless networks, termed multi-antenna C-RAN, where a flexible number of antennas can be equipped at each RRH to more effectively balance the performance and fronthaul complexity trade-off beyond the conventional massive MIMO and single-antenna C-RAN. Under the uplink communication setup, we propose a new "spatial-compression-and-forward (SCF)" scheme, where each RRH first performs a linear spatial filtering to denoise and maximally compress its received signals from multiple users to a reduced number of dimensions, then conducts uniform scalar quantization over each of the resulting dimensions in parallel, and finally sends the total quantized bits to the baseband unit (BBU) via a finite-rate fronthaul link for joint information decoding. Under this scheme, we maximize the minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) of all users at the BBU by a joint resource allocation over the wireless transmission and fronthaul links. Specifically, each RRH determines its own spatial filtering solution in a distributed manner to reduce the signalling overhead with the BBU, while the BBU jointly optimizes the users' transmit power, the RRHs' fronthaul bits allocation, and the BBU's receive beamforming with fixed spatial filters at individual RRHs. Through numerical results, it is shown that given a total number of antennas to be deployed, multi-antenna C-RAN with the proposed SCF and joint optimization significantly outperforms both massive MIMO and single-antenna C-RAN under practical fronthaul capacity constraints.
description: submitted for possible publication
Spin-orbit induced longitudinal spin-polarized currents in non-magnetic solids
Creators: name: Wimmer, S.
name: Seemann, M.
name: Chadova, K.
name: Ködderitzsch, D.
name: Ebert, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For certain non-magnetic solids with low symmetry the occurrence of spin-polarized longitudinal currents is predicted. These arise due to an interplay of spin-orbit interaction and the particular crystal symmetry. This result is derived using a group-theoretical scheme that allows investigating the symmetry properties of any linear response tensor relevant to the field of spintronics. For the spin conductivity tensor it is shown that only the magnetic Laue group has to be considered in this context. Within the introduced general scheme also the spin Hall- and additional related transverse effects emerge without making reference to the two-current model. Numerical studies confirm these findings and demonstrate for (Au$_{1-x}$Pt$_{\rm x}$)$_4$Sc that the longitudinal spin conductivity may be in the same order of magnitude as the conventional transverse one. The presented formalism only relies on the magnetic space group and therefore is universally applicable to any type of magnetic order.
description: 5 pages, 1 table, 2 figures (3 & 2 subfigures)
Shear Measurement with Poorly Resolved Images
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Liu, Cong
name: Vaquero, Pedro Alonso
name: Li, Hekun
name: Wang, Haoran
name: Shen, Zhi
name: Dong, Fuyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak lensing studies typically require excellent seeing conditions for the purpose of maximizing the number density of well-resolved galaxy images. It is interesting to ask to what extent the seeing size limits the usefulness of the astronomical images in weak lensing. In this work, we study this issue with the data of the DECam Legacy Survey (DECaLS), which is a part of the target selection program for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI). Using the Fourier Quad shear measurement pipeline, we demonstrate that images with relatively poor seeing conditions (around 1.5 arcsec) can still yield accurate shear estimators. We do not find any correlation between systematic shear error and the image resolution.
description: 13 pages, 19 figures, submitted
Evaluation of race and ethnicity disparities in outcome studies of CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy
Creators: name: Cavallari, Larisa H.
name: Nguyen, Anh B.
name: Rossi, Joseph S.
name: Lee, Craig R.
name: Stouffer, George A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Dual antiplatelet therapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor (clopidogrel, prasugrel, or ticagrelor) and aspirin remains the standard of care for all patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). It is well-established that patients carrying CYP2C19 no function alleles have impaired capacity to convert clopidogrel into its active metabolite and thus, are at higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The metabolism and clinical effectiveness of prasugrel and ticagrelor are not affected by CYP2C19 genotype, and accumulating evidence from multiple randomized and observational studies demonstrates that CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy following PCI improves clinical outcomes. However, most antiplatelet pharmacogenomic outcome studies to date have lacked racial and ethnic diversity. In this review, we will (1) summarize current guideline recommendations and clinical outcome evidence related to CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy, (2) evaluate the presence of potential racial and ethnic disparities in the major outcome studies supporting current genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy recommendations, and (3) identify remaining knowledge gaps and future research directions necessary to advance implementation of this precision medicine strategy for dual antiplatelet therapy in diverse, real-world clinical settings.
Sekretär des Schulrates des eidgenössischen Polytechnikums Zürich, Johann Gustav Stocker (1820-1889) an Joseph Wolfgang von Deschwanden (1819-1866)
Creators: name: Schule, Eidgenössische Polytechnische, Behörden, Lehrkörper und Verwaltung
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1862

description: Brief aus Zürich
A 4D IIB Flux Vacuum and Supersymmetry Breaking. I. Fermionic Spectrum
Creators: name: Mourad, J.
name: Sagnotti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the type-IIB supergravity vacua that include an internal $T^5$, depend on a single coordinate $r$ and respect a four-dimensional Poincaré symmetry, with the aim of highlighting low-energy spectra with broken supersymmetry and a bounded string coupling. These vacua are characterized by the flux $Φ$ of the self-dual five form in the internal torus, the length $\ell$ of the interval described by the coordinate $r$, a dilaton profile that is inevitably constant and a strictly positive dimensionless parameter $h$. As $\ell\rightarrow\infty$ while retaining finite values for $Φ$ and $\ell \,h^{-\,\frac{5}{4}}$, half of the original ten-dimensional supersymmetry is recovered, while finite values of $\ell$ break it completely. In the large-$\ell$ limit one boundary disappears but the other is still present, and is felt as a BPS orientifold by a probe brane. In this paper we focus on the fermionic zero modes and show that, although supersymmetry is broken for finite values of $\ell$, they are surprisingly those of four-dimensional $N=4$ supergravity coupled to five vector multiplets. The gravitini can acquire masses via radiative corrections, absorbing four of the massless spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ modes.
description: 63 pages, LaTeX, 3 eps figures. Minor clarifications added. Final version to appear in JHEP
$H_0$ Tension on the Light of Supermassive Black Hole Shadows Data
Creators: name: Escamilla-Rivera, Celia
name: Castillejos, Rubén Torres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological tensions in current times have opened a wide door to study new probes to constrain cosmological parameters, specifically, to determine the value of the Hubble constant $H_0$ through independent techniques. The two standard methods to measure/infer $H_0$ rely on: (i) anchored observables for the distance ladder, and (ii) establishing the relationship of the $H_0$ to the angular size of the sound horizon in the recombination era assuming a standard Cosmological Constant Cold Dark Matter ($Λ$CDM) cosmology. However, the former requires a calibration with observables at nearby distances, while the latter is not a direct measurement and is model-dependent. The physics behind these aspects restrains our possibilities in selecting a calibration method that can help minimise the systematic effects or in considering a fixed cosmological model background. Anticipating the possibility of deeply exploring the physics of new nearby observables such as the recently detected black hole shadows, in this paper we propose standard rules to extend the studies related to these observables. Supermassive black hole shadows can be characterised by two parameters: the angular size of the shadow and the black hole mass. We found that it is possible to break the degeneracy between these parameters by forecasting and fixing certain conditions at high(er) redshifts, i.e., instead of considering the $\approx$10\% precision from the EHT array, our results reach a $\approx 4\%$, a precision that could be achievable in experiments in the near future.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures and 2 tables. Complete abstract inside the paper
Variations of magnetic properties of UGa2 under pressure
Creators: name: Kolomiets, A. V.
name: Griveau, J. -C.
name: Prchal, J.
name: Andreev, A. V.
name: Havela, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical resistivity ρ(T) of the 5f ferromagnet UGa2 was investigated for single-crystal samples as a function of pressure and magnetic field. The Curie temperature monotonously increases from T$_{C}$ = 124 K under quasi-hydrostatic pressure up to 154 K at p = 14.2 GPa, after which it turns down steeply and reaches T$_{C}$ = 147 K at p = 15.2 GPa. At 20 GPa the compound is already non-magnetic. This dramatic variation is compatible with exchange interactions mediated by the 5f hybridization with the non-f states. The external pressure first enhances the exchange coupling of the 5f moments, but eventually suppresses the order by washing out the 5f moments. Such a two-band model is adequate for the weakly delocalized 5f states. The spin-disorder resistivity, which produces very high ρ-values (300 μΩ.cm) is gradually suppressed by the pressure. In the paramagnetic state, this leads to a crossover from initial negative to positive dρ/dT.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, regular article
Briefkopierbuch Nr. 12
Creators: name: Passavant & Cie
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1867

description: Darin: Einlagen, Register
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 12.04.2023 Automatisierter Import Archivbestand
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Editorial: Presence and beyond: Evaluating user experience in AR/MR/VR
Creators: name: Smith, Missie
name: Sadagic, Amela
name: Whitton, Mary C.
name: Skarbez, Richard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The call for this Research Topic was intentionally broad: We sought papers that identify or propose constructs that can be used to describe AR/MR/VR, and papers that evaluate the utility of those constructs; we sought papers that discussed measures relating to user experience in AR/MR/VR - including, but not limited to, presence. In the end, we were very happy to publish fifteen articles addressing a variety of these questions - but, notably, not all of them. In the remainder of this editorial, we briefly introduce each of the fifteen articles, loosely grouping them into relevant categories. We then discuss each of the three categories in turn, and close with a call to action for our AR/MR/VR research community to more actively engage with human-computer interaction (HCI) and user experience (UX) researchers.
Briefkopierbuch Nr. 11
Creators: name: Passavant & Cie
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1867

description: Darin: Einlagen, Register
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire 12.04.2023 Automatisierter Import Archivbestand
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire ISAD(G) / HAN Katalogisierungsregeln für Archivbestände Detailliert
Excitonic instability in transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Quintela, M. F. C. Martins
name: Costa, A. T.
name: Peres, N. M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers lack inversion symmetry, their low-energy single particle spectrum can described by tilted massive Dirac Hamiltonians. The so-called Janus materials fall into that category. Inversion symmetry can also be broken by the application of out-of-plane electric fields, or by the mere presence of a substrate. Here we explore the properties of excitons in TMDC monolayers lacking inversion symmetry. We find that exciton binding energies can be larger than the electronic band gap, making such materials promising candidates to host the elusive exciton insulator phase. We also investigate the excitonic contribution to their optical conductivity and discuss the associated optical selection rules.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Supersymmetric action for 6D $(4,0)$ supergravity
Creators: name: Bertrand, Yannick
name: Hohenegger, Stefan
name: Hohm, Olaf
name: Samtleben, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a linearized but otherwise complete supersymmetric action for ${\cal N}=(4,0)$ supergravity in six dimensions, using a Kaluza-Klein-type $5+1$ split of coordinates and fields. We provide in particular a significantly simplified version of the bosonic action derived by us recently. This formulation employs fields that are no longer irreducible, subject to a local Lorentz invariance, which in turn simplifies the supersymmetry transformations including the exotic gravitino.
description: 20 pages, v2: refs. added, to appear in JHEP
Classical-like wakes past elliptical obstacles in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Stagg, G. W.
name: Allen, A. J.
name: Barenghi, C. F.
name: Parker, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reinvestigate numerically the classic problem of two-dimensional superfluid flow past an obstacle. Taking the obstacle to be elongated (perpendicular to the flow), rather than the usual circular form, is shown to promote the nucleation of quantized vortices, enhance their subsequent interactions, and lead to wakes which bear striking similarity to their classical (viscous) counterparts. Then, focussing on the recent experiment of Kwon et al. (arXiv:1403.4658) in a trapped condensate, we show that an elliptical obstacle leads to a cleaner and more efficient means to generate two-dimensional quantum turbulence.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures. Conference proceedings for the International Laser Physics Workshop (Sofia, July 2014)
Costs of implementing universal test and treat in three correctional facilities in South Africa and Zambia
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Christopher J.
name: Smith, Helene J.
name: Fielding, Katherine L.
name: Chimoyi, Lucy
name: Charalambous, Salome
name: Mukora, Rachel
name: Hausler, Harry
name: Herce, Michael E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Introduction Universal test and treat (UTT) is a population-based strategy that aims to ensure widespread HIV testing and rapid antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all who have tested positive regardless of CD4 count to decrease HIV incidence and improve health outcomes. Little is known about the specific resources required to implement UTT in correctional facilities for incarcerated people. The primary aim of this study was to describe the resources used to implement UTT and to provide detailed costing to inform UTT scale-up in similar settings. Methods The costing study was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in three correctional complexes, Johannesburg Correctional Facility in Johannesburg (>4000 inmates) South Africa, and Brandvlei (~3000 inmates), South Africa and Lusaka Central (~1400 inmates), Zambia. Costing was determined through a survey conducted between September and December 2017 that identified materials and labour used for three separate components of UTT: HIV testing services (HTS), ART initiation, and ART maintenance. Our study participants were staff working in the correctional facilities involved in any activity related to UTT implementation. Unit costs were reported as cost per client served while total costs were reported for all clients seen over a 12-month period. Results The cost of HIV testing services (HTS) per client was $ 92.12 at Brandvlei, $ 73.82 at Johannesburg, and $ 65.15 at Lusaka. The largest cost driver for HIV testing at Brandvlei were staff costs at 55.6% of the total cost, while at Johannesburg (56.5%) and Lusaka (86.6%) supplies were the largest contributor. The cost per client initiated on ART was $917 for Brandvlei, $421.8 for Johannesburg, and $252.1 for Lusaka. The activity cost drivers were adherence counselling at Brandvlei (59%), and at Johannesburg and Lusaka it was the actual ART initiation at 75.6% and 75.8%, respectively. The annual unit cost for ART maintenance was $2,640.6 for Brandvlei, $710 for Johannesburg, and $385.5 for Lusaka. The activity cost drivers for all three facilities were side effect monitoring, and initiation of isoniazid preventive treatment (IPT), cotrimoxazole, and fluconazole, with this comprising 44.7% of the total cost at Brandvlei, 88.9% at Johannesburg, and 50.5% at Lusaka. Conclusion Given the needs of this population, the opportunity to reach inmates at high risk for HIV, and overall national and global 95-95-95 goals, the UTT policies for incarcerated individuals are of vital importance. Our findings provide comparator costing data and highlight key drivers of UTT cost by facility.
The Maxwell-scalar field system near spatial infinity
Creators: name: Minucci, Marica
name: Macedo, Rodrigo Panosso
name: Kroon, Juan Antonio Valiente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We make use of Friedrich's representation of spatial infinity to study asymptotic expansions of the Maxwell-scalar field system near spatial infinity. The main objective of this analysis is to understand the effects of the non-linearities of this system on the regularity of solutions and polyhomogeneous expansions at null infinity and, in particular, at the critical sets where null infinity touches spatial infinity. The main outcome from our analysis is that the nonlinear interaction makes both fields more singular at the conformal boundary than what is seen when the fields are non-interacting. In particular, we find a whole new class of logarithmic terms in the asymptotic expansions which depend on the coupling constant between the Maxwell and scalar fields. We analyse the implications of these results on the peeling (or rather lack thereof) of the fields at null infinity.
A Trust Region Filter Algorithm for Surrogate-based Optimization
Creators: name: Eason, John P.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Modern nonlinear programming solvers can efficiently handle very large scale optimization problems when accurate derivative information is available. However, black box or derivative free modeling components are often unavoidable in practice when the modeled phenomena may cross length and time scales. This work is motivated by examples in chemical process optimization where most unit operations have well-known equation oriented representations, but some portion of the model (e.g. a complex reactor model) may only be available with an external function call. The concept of a surrogate model is frequently used to solve this type of problem. A surrogate model is an equation oriented approximation of the black box that allows traditional derivative based optimization to be applied directly. However, optimization tends to exploit approximation errors in the surrogate model leading to inaccurate solutions and repeated rebuilding of the surrogate model. Even if the surrogate model is perfectly accurate at the solution, this only guarantees that the original problem is feasible. Since optimality conditions require gradient information, a higher degree of accuracy is required. In this work, we consider the general problem of hybrid glass box/black box optimization, or gray box optimization, with focus on guaranteeing that a surrogate-based optimization strategy converges to optimal points of the original detailed model. We first propose an algorithm that combines ideas from SQP filter methods and derivative free trust region methods to solve this class of problems. The black box portion of the model is replaced by a sequence of surrogate models (i.e. surrogate models) in trust region subproblems. By carefully managing surrogate model construction, the algorithm is guaranteed to converge to true optimal solutions. Then, we discuss how this algorithm can be modified for effective application to practical problems. Performance is demonstrated on a test set of benchmarks as well as a set of case studies relating to chemical process optimization. In particular, application to the oxycombustion carbon capture power generation process leads to significant efficiency improvements. Finally, extensions of surrogate-based optimization to other contexts is explored through a case study with physical properties.
Additional file 38 of Non-canonical two-step biosynthesis of anti-oomycete indole alkaloids in Kickxellales
Creators: name: Rassbach, Johannes
name: Hilsberg, Nathalie
name: Haensch, Veit G.
name: Dörner, Sebastian
name: Gressler, Julia
name: Sonnabend, Robin
name: Semm, Caroline
name: Voigt, Kerstin
name: Hertweck, Christian
name: Gressler, Markus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 38: Figure S34. Clinker comparison between linB gene loci in Kickxellales.
CFD model for sewage sludge combustion with further additives
Creators: name: Ortner, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Graz University of Technology
Year: 2025

description: This upload is a supplement to the publication:

"Computationally inexpensive CFD modeling of sewage sludge and waste additive combustion experiments in an entrained flow reactor" [1]

Abstract from the publication: A computationally inexpensive, mixture-fraction-based CFD model was applied to investigate the combustion characteristics of two types of sewage sludge powder. These were mixed with meat and bone meal (MBM) and cement bypass dust (BPD) as additives. Experiments on a semi-industrial furnace were performed to obtain validation data. A wide range of operating conditions across eight different scenarios, varying by sludge type, additive combinations, and combustion settings, including over- and substoichiometric conditions as well as slight oxygen-enhancement were tested. All fuel-additive mixtures were adjusted to a basicity (B1=CaO/SiO2) of one. Numerical simulations of entrained flow combustion were performed, and the CFD model’s predictions were validated against the experimental measurements and observations. Results showed that MBM had a significant impact on combustion behavior. When MBM was used to adjust the basicity, it increased the heat release in the furnace by up to 57% for sewage sludge with a lower initial basicity. This effect was attributed to the higher heating value of MBM. However, the MBM also displayed a slower burnout rate compared to sewage sludge powder with BPD, indicated by spatial trends in the gas phase measurements. This was likely due to the larger particle size of the MBM. In contrast, BPD had a negligible impact on combustion behavior. Overall, the CFD model demonstrated very good agreement with the experimental data, confirming its effectiveness as a tool for research, development, and process up-scaling.

The model is essentially the same as the one we provided in our previous upload, which served as a supplement to our publication [2]. 

Differences are mentioned in the accepted manuscript attachted to this upload.

[1] Computationally inexpensive CFD modeling of sewage sludge and waste additive combustion experiments in an entrained flow reactor, Fuel 389 (2025)

[2] Computationally Inexpensive CFD Approach for the Combustion of Sewage Powder, Including the Consideration of Water Content and Limestone Additive Variations

Energies 2023, 16(4), 1798
Adaptive Distributed Caching for Scalable Machine Learning Services
Creators: name: Utsav  Drolia
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Applications for Internet-enabled devices use machine learning to process captured data to make intelligent decisions or provide information to users. Typically, the computation to process the data is executed in cloud-based backends. The devices are used for sensing data, offloading it to the cloud, receiving responses and acting upon them. However, this approach leads to high end-to-end latency due to communication over the Internet. This dissertation proposes reducing this response time by minimizing offloading, and pushing computation close to the source of the data, i.e. to edge servers and devices themselves. To adapt to the resource constrained environment at the edge, it presents an approach that leverages spatiotemporal locality to push subparts of the model to the edge. This approach is embodied in a distributed caching framework, Cachier. Cachier is built upon a novel caching model for recognition, and is distributed across edge servers and devices. The analytical caching model for recognition provides a formulation for expected latency for recognition requests in Cachier. The formulation incorporates the effects of compute time and accuracy. It also incorporates network conditions, thus providing a method to compute expected response times under various conditions. This is utilized as a cost function by Cachier, at edge servers and devices. By analyzing requests at the edge server, Cachier caches relevant parts of the trained model at edge servers, which is used to respond to requests, minimizing the number of requests that go to the cloud. Then, Cachier uses context-aware prediction to prefetch parts of the trained model onto devices. The requests can then be processed on the devices, thus minimizing the number of offloaded requests. Finally, Cachier enables cooperation between nearby devices to allow exchanging prefetched data, reducing the dependence on remote servers even further. The efficacy of Cachier is evaluated by using it with an art recognition application. The application is driven using real world traces gathered at museums. By conducting a large-scale study with different control variables, we show that Cachier can lower latency, increase scalability and decrease infrastructure resource usage, while maintaining high accuracy.
Local generation of entanglement with Redfield dynamics
Creators: name: Benatti, F.
name: Chruściński, D.
name: Floreanini, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In phenomenological applications, time evolutions of Bloch-Redfield type are widely adopted for modelling open system dynamics, despite their non-positive preserving character: this physical inconsistency, that in general shows up at small times, is usually cured by suitably restricting the space of allowed initial states. Nevertheless, additional problems may arise in relation to entanglement: specifically, we show that Redfield dynamics can generate entanglement through a purely local action, and this unphysical effect can persist for finite times.
description: 17 pages, 1 fig, LaTex
Linear and circular polarimetry of the optically bright relativistic Tidal Disruption Event AT 2022cmc
Creators: name: Cikota, Aleksandar
name: Leloudas, Giorgos
name: Bulla, Mattia
name: Dai, Lixin
name: Maund, Justyn
name: Andreoni, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star orbiting a massive black hole is sufficiently close to be tidally ripped apart by the black hole. AT 2022cmc is the first relativistic TDE that was observed (and discovered) as an optically bright and fast transient, showing signatures of non-thermal radiation induced by a jet which is oriented towards the Earth. In this work, we present optical linear and circular polarization measurements, observed with VLT/FORS2 in the $R$-band (which corresponds to the blue/UV part of the spectrum in rest frame), $\sim$ 7.2 and $\sim$ 12.2 rest-frame days after the first detection, respectively, when the light curve of the transient had settled in a bright blue plateau. Both linear and circular polarization are consistent with zero, $p_{lin}$ = 0.14 $\pm$ 0.73 % and $p_{cir}$ = $-$0.30 $\pm$ 0.53 %. This is the highest S/N linear polarization measurement obtained for a relativistic TDE and the first circular polarimetry for such a transient. The non detection of the linear and circular polarization is consistent with the scenario of AT 2022cmc being a TDE where the thermal component (disk+outflows) is viewed pole-on, assuming an axially symmetric geometry. The presence and effect of a jet and/or external shocks are, however, difficult to disentangle.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL
Infectious disease surveillance in U.S. jails: Findings from a national survey
Creators: name: Nowotny, Kathryn
name: Brinkley-Rubinstein, Lauren
name: Omori, Marisa
name: Beckwith, Curt G.
name: Maner, Morgan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: While infectious diseases (ID) are a well-documented public health issue in carceral settings, research on ID screening and treatment in jails is lacking. A survey was sent to 1,126 jails in the United States to identify the prevalence of health screenings at intake and characteristics of care for ID; 371 surveys were completed correctly and analyzed. Despite conflicting Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidance, only seven percent of surveyed jails test individuals for HIV at admission. In 46% of jails, non-healthcare personnel perform ID screenings. Jails in less urban areas were more likely to report healthcare screenings performed by correctional officers. Survey findings indicate that HIV, HCV and TB testing during jail admissions and access to PrEP are severely lacking in less urban jails in particular. Recommendations are provided to improve ID surveillance and address the burden of ID in correctional facilities.
Observations and Simulations of Radio Emission and Magnetic Fields in Minkowski's Object
Creators: name: Nolting, C.
name: Lacy, M.
name: Croft, S.
name: Fragile, P. C.
name: Linden, S. T.
name: Nyland, K.
name: Patil, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine new data from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array with previous radio observations to create a more complete picture of the ongoing interactions between the radio jet from galaxy NGC 541 and the star-forming system known as Minkowski's Object (MO). We then compare those observations with synthetic radio data generated from a new set of magnetohydrodynamic simulations of a jet-cloud interaction specifically tailored to the parameters of MO. The combination of radio intensity, polarization, and spectral index measurements all convincingly support the interaction scenario and provide additional constraints on the local dynamical state of the intracluster medium and the time since the jet-cloud interaction first began. In particular, we show that only a simulation with a bent radio jet can reproduce the observations.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, links to simulation movies in figure captions, accepted for publication in ApJ
Massive stars exploding in a He-rich circumstellar medium. VI. Observations of two distant Type Ibn supernova candidates discovered by La Silla-QUEST
Creators: name: Pastorello, A.
name: Hadjiyska, E.
name: Rabinowitz, D.
name: Valenti, S.
name: Turatto, M.
name: Fasano, G.
name: Benitez-Herrera, S.
name: Baltay, C.
name: Benetti, S.
name: Botticella, M. T.
name: Cappellaro, E.
name: Elias-Rosa, N.
name: Ellman, N.
name: Feindt, U.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Fraser, M.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Graham, M. L.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Inserra, C.
name: Kelly, P. L.
name: Kotak, R.
name: Kowalski, M.
name: McKinnon, R.
name: Morales-Garoffolo, A.
name: Nugent, P. E.
name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Smith, K. W.
name: Stritzinger, M. D.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Taubenberger, S.
name: Walker, E. S.
name: Yaron, O.
name: Young, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical observations of the peculiar stripped-envelope supernovae (SNe) LSQ12btw and LSQ13ccw discovered by the La Silla-QUEST survey. LSQ12btw reaches an absolute peak magnitude of M(g) = -19.3 +- 0.2, and shows an asymmetric light curve. Stringent prediscovery limits constrain its rise time to maximum light to less than 4 days, with a slower post-peak luminosity decline, similar to that experienced by the prototypical SN~Ibn 2006jc. LSQ13ccw is somewhat different: while it also exhibits a very fast rise to maximum, it reaches a fainter absolute peak magnitude (M(g) = -18.4 +- 0.2), and experiences an extremely rapid post-peak decline similar to that observed in the peculiar SN~Ib 2002bj. A stringent prediscovery limit and an early marginal detection of LSQ13ccw allow us to determine the explosion time with an uncertainty of 1 day. The spectra of LSQ12btw show the typical narrow He~I emission lines characterising Type Ibn SNe, suggesting that the SN ejecta are interacting with He-rich circumstellar material. The He I lines in the spectra of LSQ13ccw exhibit weak narrow emissions superposed on broad components. An unresolved Halpha line is also detected, suggesting a tentative Type Ibn/IIn classification. As for other SNe~Ibn, we argue that LSQ12btw and LSQ13ccw likely result from the explosions of Wolf-Rayet stars that experienced instability phases prior to core collapse. We inspect the host galaxies of SNe Ibn, and we show that all of them but one are hosted in spiral galaxies, likely in environments spanning a wide metallicity range.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables. Accepted by MNRAS
Renormalization group evolution of optical potentials: explorations using a toy model
Creators: name: Hisham, M. A.
name: Furnstahl, R. J.
name: Tropiano, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To take full advantage of experimental facilities such as FRIB for applications to nuclear astrophysics, nuclear structure, and explorations of neutrinos and fundamental symmetries, we need a better understanding of the interplay of reaction and structure theory. The renormalization group (RG) is the natural tool for maintaining a consistent treatment of reaction and structure. Here we make a first study of RG for optical potentials, which are important ingredients for direct reactions. To simplify the analysis, we use a pedagogical one-dimensional model and evolve toward low RG resolution using the similarity RG (or SRG). We show how SRG decoupling at low resolution carries over to the optical potential and enhances perturbative approximations, and how induced SRG nonlocality compares to the nonlocality of the optical potential. We discuss the results in the larger context of consistent SRG evolution of operators and wave functions in the analysis of direct reactions.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, plus Supplementary Material
Advanced Optimization Strategies for Periodic Adsorption Processes
Creators: name: Sree Rama Raju Vetukuri
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Periodic Adsorption Processes (PAPs) have gained increasing commercial importance as
an energy-efficient separation technique over the past two decades. Based on fluid-solid
interactions, these systems never reach steady state. Instead they operate at cyclic steady
state, where the bed conditions at the beginning of the cycle match with those at the end
of the cycle. Nevertheless, optimization of these processes remains particularly challenging,
because cyclic operation leads to dense Jacobians, whose computation dominates
the overall cost of the optimization strategy. In order to efficiently handle these Jacobians
during optimization and reduce the computation time, this work presents new
composite step trust-region algorithms based on sequential quadratic programming and
interior point methods for the solution of minimization problems with both nonlinear
equality and inequality constraints. Instead of forming and factoring the dense constraint
Jacobian, these algorithms approximate the Jacobian of equality constraints with a specialized
quasi-Newton method. Hence, they are well suited to solve optimization problems
related to PAPs. In addition to allowing inexactness of the Jacobian and its null-space
representation, the algorithm also provides exact second order information in the form
of Hessian-vector products to improve the convergence rate. The resulting approach
also combines automatic differentiation and more sophisticated integration algorithms to
evaluate the direct sensitivity and adjoint sensitivity equations. Numerical performance results on small scale PAP problems and CUTEr problems show significant reduction in
computation time.
Furthermore, we propose a systematic methodology to design PSA cycles using a
superstructure based approach. The superstructure is rich enough to predict a number
of different PSA operating steps, and their optimal sequence is obtained by solving an
optimal control problem. PSA is a potential technology for pre-combustion CO2 capture
because of low operating costs and high performance. We utilize the superstructure
approach to synthesize PSA cycles for this purpose which can separate both H2 and
CO2 at high purity and operate with a low power consumption of 86 kWh/tonne of CO2
captured.
A Right To Die
Creators: name: Thompson, Andrew
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160609 Political Theory and Political Philosophy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Having withstood one year of "therapeutic" torture, Dax maintained one persistent request: he asked that the painful bum treatment be stopped, and he be allowed to die. His doctors, convinced of the stability of his physical condition, assured him that as long as he continued the treatment he would live, and that eventually he would be able to return to a life of "relative normalcy." Dax, however, did not wish to endure any more pain, and did not see an acceptable future on the horizon. He wanted to pain to end; Dax wanted to die.
A generalization of the Abhyankar Jung theorem to associated graded rings of valuations
Creators: name: Cutkosky, Steven Dale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E22, 14B05, 13A18

description: Suppose that R\rightarrow S is an extension of local domains and ν^* is a valuation dominating S. We consider the natural extension of associated graded rings along the valuation gr_{ν^*}(R)\rightarrow gr_{ν^*}(S). We give examples showing that in general, this extension does not share good properties of the extension $\rightarrow S, but after enough blow ups above the valuations, good properties of the extension R\rightarrow S are reflected in the extension of associated graded rings. Stable properties of this extension (after blowing up) are much better in characteristic zero than in positive characteristic. Our main result is a generalization of the Abhyankar-Jung theorem which holds for extensions of associated graded rings along the valuation, after enough blowing up.
description: 21 pages
Additional file 41 of Non-canonical two-step biosynthesis of anti-oomycete indole alkaloids in Kickxellales
Creators: name: Rassbach, Johannes
name: Hilsberg, Nathalie
name: Haensch, Veit G.
name: Dörner, Sebastian
name: Gressler, Julia
name: Sonnabend, Robin
name: Semm, Caroline
name: Voigt, Kerstin
name: Hertweck, Christian
name: Gressler, Markus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 41: Figure S35. Alignment lengths of LinB-like proteins in SSN.
Magneto-Seebeck coefficient of Fermi-liquid in three-dimensional Dirac/Weyl semimetal
Creators: name: Pratama, F. R.
name: Saito, Riichiro
name: Hung, Nguyen T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate dissipationless magneto-Seebeck effect in three-dimensional Dirac/Weyl semimetal. The Hall resistivity $ρ_{yx}$ and thermoelectric Hall coefficient $α_{xy}$ exhibit plateaus at the quantum limit, where electrons occupy only the zeroth Landau level. In this condition, quantum oscillation in the Seebeck coefficient $S_{xx}\approx ρ_{yx}α_{xy} $ is suppressed, and the massless fermions are transformed into a Fermi liquid system. We show that the Seebeck coefficient at the quantum limit is expressed by the harmonic sum of Fermi wavelength and thermal de Broglie wavelength scaled by magnetic length.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Measurement of symphysis fundal height for gestational age estimation in low-to-middle-income countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Rosner, Bernard
name: Alam, Saima
name: Lee, Anne C. C.
name: Schaeffer, Lauren
name: Ladhani, Karima
name: Whelan, Rachel
name: Folger, Lian V.
name: Ajaz, Nayab
name: Wylie, Blair J.
name: Olson, Ingrid
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), measurement of symphysis fundal height (SFH) is often the only available method of estimating gestational age (GA) in pregnancy. This systematic review aims to summarize methods of SFH measurement and assess the accuracy of SFH for the purpose of GA estimation. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, POPLINE, and WHO Global Health Libraries from January 1980 through November 2021. For SFH accuracy, we pooled the variance of the mean difference between GA confirmed by ultrasound versus SFH. Of 1,003 studies identified, 37 studies were included. Nineteen different SFH measurement techniques and 13 SFH-to-GA conversion methods were identified. In pooled analysis of five studies (n = 5838 pregnancies), 71% (95% CI: 66–77%) of pregnancies dated by SFH were within ±14 days of ultrasound confirmed dating. Using the 1 cm SFH = 1wk assumption, SFH underestimated GA compared with ultrasound-confirmed GA (mean bias: -14.0 days) with poor accuracy (95% limits of agreement [LOA]: ±42.8 days; n = 3 studies, 2447 pregnancies). Statistical modeling of three serial SFH measurements performed better, but accuracy was still poor (95% LOA ±33 days; n = 4 studies, 4391 pregnancies). In conclusion, there is wide variation in SFH measurement and SFH-to-GA conversion techniques. SFH is inaccurate for estimating GA and should not be used for GA dating. Increasing access to quality ultrasonography early in pregnancy should be prioritized to improve gestational age assessment in LMIC.
Test Reuse Based on Adaptive Semantic Matching across Android Mobile Applications
Creators: name: Liu, Shuqi
name: Zhou, Yu
name: Han, Tingting
name: Chen, Taolue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic test generation can help verify and develop the behavior of mobile applications. Test reuse based on semantic similarities between applications of the same category has been utilized to reduce the manual effort of Graphical User Interface (GUI) testing. However, most of the existing studies fail to solve the semantic problem of event matching, which leads to the failure of test reuse. To overcome this challenge, we propose TRASM (Test Reuse based on Adaptive Semantic Matching), a test reuse approach based on adaptive strategies to find a better event matching across android mobile applications. TRASM first performs GUI events deduplication on the initial test set obtained from test generation, and then employs an adaptive strategy to find better event matching, which enables reusing the existing test. Preliminary experiments with comparison to baseline methods on 15 applications demonstrate that TRASM can improve the precision of GUI event matching while reducing the failure of test reuse and the running time required for test reuse.