cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Disks of Galaxies with Seyfert and Starburst Nuclei: II. Near-Infrared Structural Properties
Creators: name: Hunt, L. K.
name: Malkan, M. A.
name: Moriondo, G.
name: Salvati, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived the near-infrared structural components of a sample of Seyfert and starburst (SBN) host galaxies by fitting the images of Hunt et al. (1997,ApJS,108,229) with a new two-dimensional decomposition algorithm. An analysis of the fitted parameters shows that Seyfert 1 and SBN bulges resemble normal early-type bulges in structure and color, with (J-K)^c_b about 0.1 mag redder than disk (J-K)^c_d. Seyfert 2 bulges, instead, are bluer than normal with (J-K)^c_b ~ (J-K)^c_d. Seyfert disks (especially Type 1), but not those of SBNs, are abnormally bright (in surface brightness), significantly more so than even the brightest normal disks. Seyfert disks are also compact, but similar to those in normal early-type spirals. For a given mass, Seyferts and especially SBNs are abnormally rich in neutral hydrogen, and there is strong, albeit indirect, evidence for lower mass-to-light (M/L) ratios in Seyfert and SBN disks, but for normal M/Ls in their bulges. In Seyferts and SBNs, HI mass fractions and M/L ratios are anticorrelated, and we attribute the high gas mass fractions and low M/Ls in SBNs and several Seyferts to ongoing star formation. Such abundant gas in Seyferts would be expected to inhibit bar formation, which may explain why active galaxies are not always barred.
description: 25 pgs (two-column, single-spaced) including 8 incorporated figures and 2 tables (aas2pp4, amssym, epsfig). Accepted for publication in ApJ
High-resolution evaluation of aircraft emissions at airports
Creators: name: Koudis, George
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Aviation contributes to worldwide connectivity and the global economy; furthermore, the growth in recent years is forecast to continue. However, airports emit a range of pollutants that degrade local air quality to the detriment of human health, which restricts the capacity expansion required to meet future demand. This thesis analyses aircraft ground operations and demonstrates methods to evaluate the efficacy of pollutant emission reduction operating strategies at airports. A case study of 7,090 high-resolution flight data records (FDRs) is utilised, covering aircraft activities at London Heathrow, which is a major international, air quality critical airport. Firstly, aircraft taxiing with half of the engines deactivated after landing reduces both NOX and CO emissions by ~30% on average. Analysis of taxi operations finds that reducing the time taken to deactivate the engines by ~20 seconds reduces NOX and CO emissions by a further 9 and 14% respectively. Secondly, reducing thrust to below maximum during takeoff, while accounting for constraints including aircraft weight, reduces NOX emissions by 42%. Analysis of the variation in observed takeoff thrust finds that NOX emissions could be reduced by ~6%, when adopting thrust settings that correspond to minimum emissions. The results of both analyses are presented in this thesis to enable integration with aircraft operators’ existing procedures. Finally, locally measured NOX and CO concentrations, downstream of Heathrow runway activities, increase by 144 and 88% respectively, compared to periods of runway inactivity. This thesis presents the first comparison of FDRs to measured emission indices (EIs), finding that these are dependent on aircraft, engine and thrust setting. However considerable variation in EI(NOX) and EI(CO) is observed. This thesis provides implementable strategies to reduce emissions at airports by optimising aircraft ground operations, contributing to reductions in the air quality impacts of airports to enable further capacity expansion.
Departure from the Wiedemann-Franz Law in WP$_2$ Driven by Mismatch in $T$-square Resistivity Prefactors
Creators: name: Jaoui, Alexandre
name: Fauqué, Benoît
name: Rischau, Carl Willem
name: Subedi, Alaska
name: Fu, Chenguang
name: Gooth, Johannes
name: Kumar, Nitesh
name: Süß, Vicky
name: Maslov, Dmitrii L.
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Behnia, Kamran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wiedemann-Franz (WF) law establishes a link between heat and charge transport due to electrons in solids. The extent of its validity in presence of inelastic scattering is a question raised in different contexts. We report on a study of the electrical, $σ$, and thermal, $κ$, conductivities in WP$_2$ single crystals. The WF holds at 2 K, but a downward deviation rapidly emerges upon warming. At 13 K, there is an exceptionally large mismatch between Lorenz number and the Sommerfeld value. We show that this is driven by a fivefold discrepancy between the $T$-square prefactors of electrical and thermal resistivities, both caused by electron-electron scattering. This implies the existence of abundant small-scattering-angle collisions between electrons, due to strong screening. By quantifying the relative frequency of collisions conserving momentum flux, but degrading heat flux, we identify a narrow temperature window where the hierarchy of scattering times may correspond to the hydrodynamic regime.
description: 14 pages, 7 Figures, Supplemental 6 pages, 5 figures
Sucht ist kein Feind – sondern ein Notprogramm und Verständlichkeit ist Verantwortung
Creators: name: Reck, christain
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 520304
subject: Health psychology

description: Diese Arbeit vereint zwei systemisch-ethische Thesen:Sprache als Barriere:
Akademische Sprache schließt Menschen aus, anstatt Bildung zu ermöglichen.
Verständliche Sprache schafft Zugang, Teilhabe und echte Bildung für alle.Sucht als Reaktion:
Sucht ist kein isoliertes Problem, sondern ein Ausdruck innerer Verletzungen.
Heilung beginnt nach der körperlichen Entgiftung – dort, wo seelische Ursachen sichtbar werden.Beide Texte fordern einen Perspektivwechsel:
Weg von Symptombehandlung – hin zu echter Verbindung, Klarheit und Verantwortung.
Phoca ursina Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Phocidae
Phoca
Phoca ursina

description: Phoca ursina [spec. nov.]
P. capite auriculato.
Ursus marinus. Act. petropol. 2. ann. 1749.
Habitat in Camschatcae maritimis inter Asiam & Americam proximam, primario in insula Beringii.
Impetuosissime natant, mares polygami gregatim degunt cum uxoribus, filiis, filiabus ad 120; coeunt in littore resupinata femina, vix metuunt hominem, mordent projectum lapidem, senes elumbes quiescunt pingues, proprium lapidem pro lecto habent, quem non deserunt; bella instituunt propter uxores, lectum, aeqvum & justum; succumbente uno accurrit alter opem laturus, mox alteri alius, ne duo contra unum, usque dum omnes praelio involuti: moesti lacrymas fundunt copiosissimas. Steller.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 37, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Data details, methodological considerations, and extended analyses from Comparative demography elucidates the longevity of parasitic and symbiotic relationships
Creators: name: Hecht, Luke B. B.
name: Thompson, Peter C.
name: Rosenthal, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Parasitic and symbiotic relationships govern vast nutrient and energy flows, yet controversy surrounds their longevity. Enduring relationships may engender parallel phylogenies among hosts and parasites, but so may ephemeral relationships when parasites colonize related hosts. An understanding of whether symbiont and host populations have grown and contracted in concert would be useful when considering the temporal durability of these relationships. Here, we devised methods to compare demographic histories derived from genomic data. We compared the historical growth of the agent of severe human malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, and its mosquito vector, Anopheles gambiae, to human and primate histories, thereby discerning long-term parallels and anthropogenic population explosions. The growth history of Trichinella spiralis, a zoonotic parasite disseminated by swine, proved regionally specific, paralleling distinctive growth histories for wild boar in Asia and Europe. Parallel histories were inferred for an anemone and its algal symbiont (Exaiptasia pallida and Symbiodinium minutum). Concerted growth in potatoes and the agent of potato blight (Solanum tuberosum and Phytophthora infestans) did not commence until the age of potato domestication. Through these examples, we illustrate the utility of comparative historical demography as a new exploratory tool by which to interrogate the origins and durability of myriad ecological relationships. To facilitate future use of this approach, we introduce a tool called C-PSMC to align and evaluate the similarity of demographic history curves.
Canis Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Canidae
Canis

description: Canis [gen. nov.]
Dentes Primores superiores VI: laterales longiores distantes: intermedii lobati.
Inferiores VI: laterales lobati.
Laniarii solitarii, incurvati.
Molares VI s. VII (pluresve quam in reliquis.)
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 38, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Lasting personality pathology in adults following exposure to war trauma
Creators: name: Munjiza, Jasna
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Background: By definition personality disorders (PD) are evident in adolescence and early childhood, but evidence for adult onset personality pathology following traumatic experience is much less clear. Aims: My primary objective was to investigate whether exposure to war trauma can lead to personality pathology in adults. Methods: Following a systematic review of extant literature on this topic, I conducted a case-control study in a war-affected region of southern Croatia. I recruited 268 participants: 182 cases who scored positively on the International Personality Disorder Examination scale (IPDE), and 86 controls who were IPDE negative. In addition to the IPDE, all participants completed Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, measures of mental health, social functioning, childhood trauma and childhood behavioural problems. I used a clinical interview to assess when personality-related problems started. Results: Cases (IPDE positive) were eight times more likely to report exposure to catastrophic trauma than controls. This association increased after adjustments for demographic factors (OR= 10.1, 95% CI 5.0 to 20.4). Among 182 IPDE positive participants, 65 adults (35.7%) had no history of pre-trauma personality pathology suggesting change in personality following their exposure to trauma in adulthood. When compared to the PD group, patients with adult onset personality pathology had poorer mental health, social functioning and similarly high rates of unemployment more than 15 years after trauma. They were three times more likely to meet criteria for personality traits across all three DSM-IV clusters (OR= 3.28, 95% CI 1.51 to 7.13). The most frequent personality traits reported were avoidant, borderline, schizotypal, schizoid and paranoid, but only schizotypal (75.4% vs. 47.3%) and schizoid traits (73.8% vs. 41.1%) were more prevalent among those with adult onset personality pathology compared to those with PD. Conclusion: People with no clear pre-trauma personality problems can develop long-term personality pathology following exposure to severe trauma in adulthood. These findings have implications for future research, clinical practice and the classification of personality disorder.
EDUBASE: Education for Black South Africans
Creators: name: Kallaway, Peter
name: King, Thomas
name: Zimmer, Niklas
name: Hardeman, Megan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Education

description: Professor Peter Kallaway is an emeritus professor in the School of Education at the University of Cape Town. This study explores the EDUBASE collection, a decades-long, multi-format bibliography of research on education for Black South Africans, containing content stretching from 1806 to 1992, and the process of making this collection openly available.
Characterisation of Log-Convex Decay in Non-Selfadjoint Dynamics
Creators: name: Johnsen, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35E15 (primary), 47D06 (secondary)

description: The short-time and global behaviour are studied for an autonomous linear evolution equation, which is defined by a generator inducing a uniformly bounded holomorphic semigroup in a Hilbert space. A general necessary and sufficient condition is introduced under which the norm of the solution is shown to be a log-convex and strictly decreasing function of time, and differentiable also at the initial time with a derivative controlled by the lower bound of the generator, which moreover is shown to be positively accretive. Injectivity of holomorphic semigroups is the main technical tool.
description: 11 pages. Version to appear in Electronic Research Announcements in Mathematical Sciences (a precision in Lemma 3.2, plus minor improvements)
Additional file 3: of β-blockers and risk of all-cause mortality in patients with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation—a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Tianyu
name: Huang, Yuli
name: Zhou, Haobin
name: Bai, Yujia
name: Huang, Xingfu
name: Hu, Yunzhao
name: Xu, Dingli
name: Zhang, Yuhui
name: Zhang, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Funnel plot of the comparison of β-blockers treatment versus no β-blockers treatment in patients with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation, outcomes: cardiovascular mortality. BBs: β-blockers; CI: confidence intervals; SE: standard error. (PDF 28 kb)
On the acceleration of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays in Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Vietri, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: UHECRs are roughly isotropic and attain very large energies, $E \gtrsim 3\times 10^{20} \; eV$. Conventional models fail to explain both facts. I show here that acceleration of UHECRs in GRBs satisfies both observational constraints. Using Mészáros and Rees' (1994) model of GRBs as due to hyperrelativistic shocks, I show that the highest energies that can be attained thusly are $E\simeq 10^{20}\;θ^{-5/3} n_1^{-5/6}\; eV$, explaining the energy of the Bird \etal\/ (1995) event even without beaming. The traditional photopion catastrophe affecting UHECR acceleration in AGNs is circumvented. An order of magnitude estimate shows that the total energy flux of UHECRs at the Earth is also correctly reproduced. A test of the model based upon the UHECRs' distribution upon the plane of the sky is briefly discussed.
description: 20 pages, latex (AASTEX needed), no figures, to appear in ApJ, November 10 1995 issue
Theoretical frameworks for the development of surface reaction mechanisms
Creators: name: Kraus, Peter
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: A class-based framework for generation of heterogeneous reaction mechanisms has been proposed. The framework consists of a transition state theory method for estimating adsorption and desorption rate parameters, two-dimensional collision theory for homogeneous surface reactions and the unity bond index–quadratic exponential potential (UBI–QEP) for estimation of barrier heights. The framework has been developed to address the reliance of customary approaches on experimental sticking coefficients, and provide a fully self-consistent method for mechanism development on novel metals. Two different implementations of transition state theory have been considered, with the variational approach (VTST) showing improved quantitative results and higher robustness at negligible additional computational expense. Mechanisms prepared using this framework have been validated against a wide range of experimental data. On platinum, the VTST-based mechanism was applied for hydrogen, syngas, ethane and methane combustion. A new mechanism has been also developed for methane combustion on rhodium. The mechanisms have been applied under fuel-lean and fuel-rich conditions, various geometries, pressures and inlet velocities. The performance is generally better or as good as the optimised collision theory based determinations. The compatibility of the framework with high-accuracy density functional theory (DFT) data has been established using a case study of ethane adsorption on oxygen-covered platinum. At temperatures below 1500 K, the DFT study predicted considerably slower rate constants than the VTST approach. However, for the studied cases, the mol fraction profiles calculated with the VTST based rate determinations were in acceptable agreement with the experimental data. The developed method reproduces experimental data without the reliance on sticking coefficients, and facilitates the efficient generation of novel heterogeneous reaction mechanisms.
Canis familiaris Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Canidae
Canis
Canis familiaris

description: Canis familiaris [spec. nov.]
C. cauda (sinistrorsum) recurvata. Faun. svec. 12. Syst. nat. 5. Diss. Canis 1. t. 1.
Canis. Gesn. quadr. 91. Aldr. digit. 482. Jonst. quadr. 122. Raj. quadr. 176.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 38, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Phoca vitulina Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Phocidae
Phoca
Phoca vitulina

description: Phoca vitulina [spec. nov.]
P. dentibus laniariis tectis. Syst. nat. 6. n. 1.
Phoca s. Vitulus marinus. Gesn. aqu. 702. Aldr. pisc. 722. Jonst. pisc. 44. Dodart. act. 191. t. 191. Raj. quadr. 189.
Habitat in mari Europaeo.
Dormiunt in lapide ex aqua eminente, pariunt in glacie, per quam adscendunt halitu, non descendunt. Mammas retrahunt duas abdominis; inter Halecum catervos saginantur, a Laris provocatae exspuunt pisces.
Anatome. E. N. C. d. 1. a. 9. obs. 98. & d. 3. a. 7. app. 15.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 38, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Holomorphic quadratic differentials dual to Fenchel-Nielsen coordinates
Creators: name: Große, Nadine
name: Rupflin, Melanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss bases of the space of holomorphic quadratic differentials that are dual to the differentials of Fenchel-Nielsen coordinates and hence appear naturally when considering functions on the set of hyperbolic metrics which are invariant under pull-back by diffeomorphisms, such as eigenvalues of the Laplacian. The precise estimates derived in the current paper form the basis for the proof of the sharp eigenvalue estimates on degenerating surfaces obtained in arXiv:1701.08491.
description: Consists mostly of Section 4 of the previous version of the preprint arXiv:1701.08491 which was split up for easier publication
The Effect of Encounters on the Eccentricity of Binaries in Clusters
Creators: name: Heggie, Douglas C.
name: Rasio, Frederic A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive analytical expressions for the change in the orbital eccentricity of a binary following a distant encounter with a third star on a hyperbolic or parabolic orbit. To establish the accuracy of these expressions, we present detailed comparisons with the results of direct numerical integrations of the equations of motion for the three bodies. We treat with particular care the difficult case of a binary with zero initial eccentricity. In this case, we show that the eccentricity $δe$ induced by the encounter declines in general as a power-law, $δe\propto (a/\rp)^{5/2}$, where $a$ is the binary semi-major axis and $\rp$ is the periastron distance of the encounter. This power-law arises from the octupole-level secular perturbation of the binary. In contrast, non-secular quadrupole-level perturbations induce an eccentricity change that declines exponentially with $\rp$. These non-secular effects can become dominant at sufficiently small $\rp$, for a sufficiently high relative velocity, or for a sufficiently massive perturber. We also derive cross sections for eccentricity change and compare our results with those of previous studies based on numerical scattering experiments. Our results have important implications for a number of astrophysical problems including, in particular, the evolution of binary millisecond pulsars in globular clusters.
description: final version with minor revisions, uses MNRAS TeX macros, 23 pages, to appear in MNRAS, also available from http://ensor.mit.edu/~rasio/papers/
supplementary material.docx from The socially mediated recovery of a fearful fish paired with periodically replaced calm models
Creators: name: Crane, Adam L.
name: Bairos-Novak, Kevin R.
name: Sacco, Laurel H.
name: Ferrari, Maud C. O.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Social learning is an important mechanism for acquiring knowledge about environmental risk. However, little work has explored the learning of safety and how such learning outcomes are shaped by the social environment. Here, we exposed minnows, Pimephales promelas, to a high-risk environment to induce behavioural responses associated with fear (e.g. neophobia). We then used the presence of calm conspecific models (low-risk individuals) to weaken these responses. When observers (individuals from the high-risk environment) and models were paired consistently in a one-on-one setting, the observers showed no recovery (i.e. no weakening of the fear responses), and instead the models indirectly acquired those responses (i.e. a socially transmitted state of fear). However, observers paired with models that were periodically replaced with new calm models showed a significant recovery, and each new model showed diminished socially transmitted fear. We argue that our understanding of predation-related fear and social information transfer can prove fruitful in understanding problems with fear and stress across animal taxa, including among humans who experience post-traumatic stress and secondary trauma. Our findings indicate that the periodic replacement of models can promote fear recovery in observers and reduce socially transmitted fear in models.
Phoca leonina Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Phocidae
Phoca
Phoca leonina

description: Phoca leonina [spec. nov.]
P. capite antice cristato.
Leo marinus. Anson. itin. 100. t. 100.
Habitat ad polum Antarcticum.
Phocae genus natat sub aqua, vix incedit ob pedes anticos retractos, posticos unitos: victitat piscibus; pingve.
Mas labio superiore cristato. Dentes 2 fere exserti in maxilla inferiore.
Natant gregatim, pugnant pro feminis, excubias agunt.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Non-Equilibrium Mass Transport in the 1D Fermi-Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Scherg, S.
name: Kohlert, T.
name: Herbrych, J.
name: Stolpp, J.
name: Bordia, P.
name: Schneider, U.
name: Heidrich-Meisner, F.
name: Bloch, I.
name: Aidelsburger, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally and numerically investigate the sudden expansion of fermions in a homogeneous one-dimensional optical lattice. For initial states with an appreciable amount of doublons, we observe a dynamical phase separation between rapidly expanding singlons and slow doublons remaining in the trap center, realizing the key aspect of fermionic quantum distillation in the strongly-interacting limit. For initial states without doublons, we find a reduced interaction dependence of the asymptotic expansion speed compared to bosons, which is explained by the interaction energy produced in the quench.
The Keplerian map for the restricted three-body problem as a model of comet evolution
Creators: name: Malyshkin, Leonid
name: Tremaine, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the evolution of highly eccentric, planet-crossing orbits in the restricted three-body problem (Sun, planet, comet). We construct a simple Keplerian map in which the comet energy changes instantaneously at perihelion, by an amount depending only on the azimuthal angle between the planet and the comet at the time of perihelion passage. This approximate but very fast mapping allow us to explore the evolution of large ensembles of long-period comets. We compare our results on comet evolution with those given by the diffusion approximation and by direct integration of comet orbits. We find that at long times the number of surviving comets is determined by resonance sticking rather than a random walk.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, some of figures have been bitmapped
Ferae Linnaeus, 1758, ord. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Ferae

description: Ferae [ord. nov.]
III. FERAE.
Dentes Primores superiores sex, acutiusculi. Canini solitarii.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 37, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Tranco: A Research-Oriented Top Sites Ranking Hardened Against Manipulation
Creators: name: Pochat, Victor Le
name: Van Goethem, Tom
name: Tajalizadehkhoob, Samaneh
name: Korczyński, Maciej
name: Joosen, Wouter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to evaluate the prevalence of security and privacy practices on a representative sample of the Web, researchers rely on website popularity rankings such as the Alexa list. While the validity and representativeness of these rankings are rarely questioned, our findings show the contrary: we show for four main rankings how their inherent properties (similarity, stability, representativeness, responsiveness and benignness) affect their composition and therefore potentially skew the conclusions made in studies. Moreover, we find that it is trivial for an adversary to manipulate the composition of these lists. We are the first to empirically validate that the ranks of domains in each of the lists are easily altered, in the case of Alexa through as little as a single HTTP request. This allows adversaries to manipulate rankings on a large scale and insert malicious domains into whitelists or bend the outcome of research studies to their will. To overcome the limitations of such rankings, we propose improvements to reduce the fluctuations in list composition and guarantee better defenses against manipulation. To allow the research community to work with reliable and reproducible rankings, we provide Tranco, an improved ranking that we offer through an online service available at https://tranco-list.eu.
description: Our online service providing the Tranco ranking is available at https://tranco-list.eu
Additional file 4 of Exosomal microRNAs are novel circulating biomarkers in cigarette, waterpipe smokers, E-cigarette users and dual smokers
Creators: name: Singh, Kameshwar P.
name: Maremanda, Krishna P.
name: Li, Dongmei
name: Rahman, Irfan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 4. Differential expressed microRNAs from plasma exosomes of dual smokers in comparison to non-smokers.
Investigation into the silencing of heterochromatin in mammalian cells
Creators: name: Natisvili, Theona
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Much of the mammalian genome is composed of repetitive elements, consisting of tandem and interspersed repeats. Heterochromatinisation of pericentromeric tandem satellite repeats plays an important role in centromere formation and maintenance of genome stability. Additionally, several human diseases are caused by microsatellite repeat expansion. Among different classes of interspersed repeats, retro-elements LINEs and SINEs are considered to contribute to genome evolution; however they also pose a potential threat to genome stability. Hence it appears essential that repetitive elements are transcriptionally silenced, which occurs via heterochromatinisation. To further understand heterochromatin formation, this thesis investigated: (i) the frataxin (FXN) gene which contains a GAA-repeat expansion causing FXN silencing which in turn leads to the neurodegenerative disease Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA); (ii) the effect of proteasome inhibition on the transcription of heterochromatinised DNA repeats. Here, the silenced FXN gene was shown to be upregulated by treatment of FRDA patients with the HDAC inhibitor, nicotinamide. This upregulation was accompanied by reduction of the heterochromatin histone modification H3K9me3. Moreover, the proteasome was found at the heterochromatinised FXN gene in cells derived from patients, consistent with the hypothesis that, in FRDA, proteasomal degradation of a stalled RNAPII might contribute to FXN silencing. Although proteasome inhibition did not upregulate FXN transcription, it caused transcriptional activation of pericentromeric satellite repeats which appeared to be independent of cell-cycle perturbations and was accompanied by delocalisation of HP1α from chromocentres without detectable changes in the levels of histone modifications. Proteasome inhibition also increased the number of chromocentres per cell consistent with destabilisation of chromocentres. This effect of proteasome inhibition in upregulation of pericentromeric repeats was shown to be at least partly dependent on activation of heat shock transcription factor and binding of this factor to a consensus sequence within the pericentromeric satellite repeat region.
Hipparcos period-luminosity relations for Miras and semiregular variables
Creators: name: Bedding, T. R.
name: Zijlstra, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present period-luminosity diagrams for nearby Miras and semiregulars, selecting stars with parallaxes better than 20 per cent and well-determined periods. Using K-band magnitudes, we find two well-defined P-L sequences, one corresponding to the standard Mira P-L relation and the second shifted to shorter periods by a factor of about 1.9. The second sequence only contains semiregular variables, while the Mira sequence contains both Miras and semiregulars. Several semiregular stars show double periods in agreement with both relations. The Whitelock evolutionary track is shown to fit the data, indicating that the semiregulars are Mira progenitors. The transition between the two sequences may correspond to a change in pulsation mode or to a change in the stellar structure. Large amplitude pulsations leading to classical Mira classification occur mainly near the tip of the local AGB luminosity function.
description: 10 pages with figures, accepted by ApJ Letters
TRIM59 regulates autophagy through modulating both the transcription and the ubiquitination of BECN1
Creators: name: Tianyu Han
name: Guo, Meng
name: Mingxi Gan
name: Bentong Yu
name: Xiaoli Tian
name: Wang, Jian-Bin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Macroautophagy/autophagy is a multistep cellular process that sequesters cytoplasmic components for lysosomal degradation. BECN1/Beclin1 is a central protein that assembles cofactors for the formation of a BECN1-PIK3C3-PIK3R4 complex to trigger the autophagy protein cascade. Discovering the regulators of BECN1 is important for understanding the mechanism of autophagy induction. Here, we demonstrate that TRIM59, a tripartite motif protein, plays an important role in autophagy regulation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). On the one hand, TRIM59 regulates the transcription of BECN1 through negatively modulating the NFKB pathway. On the other hand, TRIM59 regulates TRAF6 induced K63-linked ubiquitination of BECN1, thus affecting the formation of the BECN1-PIK3C3 complex. We further demonstrate that TRIM59 can mediate K48-linked ubiquitination of TRAF6 and promote the proteasomal degradation of TRAF6. Taken together, our findings reveal novel dual roles for TRIM59 in autophagy regulation by affecting both the transcription and the ubiquitination of BECN1. Abbreviations: ACTB: actin beta; BECN1: beclin 1; CHX: cycloheximide; CQ: chloroquine; GFP: green fluorescent protein; HA: haemagglutinin tag; His: polyhistidine tag; LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; NFKB: nuclear factor kappa B; NFKBIA: NFKB inhibitor alpha; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; PIK3C3: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3; RELA: RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; tGFP: Turbo green fluorescent protein; TRAF6: TNF receptor associated factor 6; TRIM59: tripartite motif containing 59; B: ubiquitin
Flow visualisation and quantification using high frame rate ultrasound imaging and microbubble contrast agents
Creators: name: Leow, Chee Hau
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Non-invasive techniques capable of visualising and quantifying blood flow in-vivo are highly desirable in studying a wide range of cardiovascular diseases. Although existing ultrasound imaging techniques have been widely used clinically to visualise and quantify blood flow, they have various limitations in terms of field of view, temporal and spatial resolution, imaging sensitivity, and beam-flow angle dependence. In this thesis, our aim is to develop flow quantification tools capable of non-invasively measuring the flow velocity, wall shear stress (WSS) as well as intraluminal mixing. Firstly, a high frame-rate ultrasound imaging velocimetry (UIV) system was developed based on tracking the speckle patterns of microbubbble contrast agents in contrast-enhanced ultrasound image sequences acquired from a plane wave imaging system. Initial evaluation of the system demonstrated the potential of the new system as a flow velocity mapping tool capable of tracking fast and dynamic flow and we improved our flow velocity measurement technique by introducing an incoherent ensemble correlation approach in the UIV tracking algorithm. Such a modified UIV technique avoids the motion artifact which could potentially affect the velocity measurement as compounded plane wave images are not coherently summed during the compounded plane wave image formation. Ultrasound flow simulations were conducted to fully evaluate our new modified-UIV technique. Together with some in-vitro experiments on physiologically relevant flow phantoms, we demonstrated the capability of our system to provide robust, angle independent, sensitive, and accurate two-dimensional velocity measurements. Secondly, as studies have revealed strong correlation between WSS and the initiation and development of atherosclerosis, we extended our UIV technique to the derive spatio-temporal wall shear rate from the velocity flow profile. The performance of the system to provide wall shear stress distributions was initially evaluated in simulation and demonstrated in-vitro using physiologically relevant flow phantoms. Thirdly, a novel approach which uses the high frame rate system and controlled microbubble destruction for flow visualisation and intraluminal mixing quantification was also proposed. Three different model vessel geometries: straight, planar curved and helical, with known effects on the flow field and mixing were evaluated against computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results. The findings indicated the technique is not only capable of visualising the secondary flows, but also able to quantify the degree of mixing in the different configurations. Finally, real time processing of the image formation and flow quantification technique were explored due to the large amount of data generated from the high frame rate ultrasound system. Initial development of a graphic processing unit (GPU) accelerated plane wave UIV system was demonstrated with the potential for real time measurements.
Additional file 5 of Exosomal microRNAs are novel circulating biomarkers in cigarette, waterpipe smokers, E-cigarette users and dual smokers
Creators: name: Singh, Kameshwar P.
name: Maremanda, Krishna P.
name: Li, Dongmei
name: Rahman, Irfan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Table 5. Differential expressed microRNAs from plasma exosomes of E-cig users in comparison to cigarette smokers.
Therapeutic manipulation of inflammation in exacerbated lung disease
Creators: name: Lai, Cheryl Chuk-Ke
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: It is well known that existing and prior inflammatory events in the lung can adversely affect subsequent inflammatory events even though the inciting antigen might be different. For example, viral infections can enhance secondary bacterial infections and also the symptoms of asthma causing increased morbidity and mortality. Understanding changes in the lung micro-environment that lead to altered lung responsiveness is important given the increasing incidence in allergic diseases and the emergence of pandemic influenza strains. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of these prolonged alterations could lead to new therapeutic strategies. Susceptibility to bacterial super-infections has been attributed to reduced toll-like receptor (TLR) responses in the inflammation-experienced lung. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM) family of innate immune receptors fine-tune TLR responses, but have yet to be studied in the context of influenza and secondary bacterial infection. Targeting specific immune signalling receptors or signalling kinases involved in the inflammatory process in the lung by use of inhaled drugs could provide specific treatment of inflammatory lung diseases minimising effects in other organs or tissues. The aim of this thesis was to investigate the role of TREMs during influenza and secondary bacterial infection and to determine the effects of inhaled signalling kinase inhibitors in models of viral exacerbations of allergic inflammation.TREM-2 expression was shown to be upregulated during the peak of influenza-induced inflammation. Furthermore, soluble (s)TREM-1 in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), lung and serum coincide with heightened susceptibility to bacterial infection post-influenza virus. These novel findings suggest that targeted manipulation of TREM-1 (or prevention of its cleavage into the soluble form) and TREM-2 has the potential to restore the inflammatory tone of the airspaces to prevent subsequent infectious complications. Narrow-spectrum signalling kinase inhibitor TC2 reduced BAL eosinophils and total and allergen-specific serum IgE production in house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic inflammation. Furthermore, a new model of viral infection during HDM-induced allergic inflammation was developed. Surprisingly, exposure to HDM prior to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection led to reduced RSV-induced weight loss, damage and proinflammatory mediator release, which correlated with increased TREM-2 expression in the early stages of infection. Treatment with the kinase inhibitor TC2 during viral infection in allergen-exposed mice, however, still reduced airway hyperesponsiveness. Thus, whether severe asthma is characterised by additive inflammatory conditions or exacerbation of an underlying problem by infection, kinase inhibitors still hold promise in the clinic.
Microwave dual-mode resonators for coherent spin-photon coupling
Creators: name: Bonizzoni, Claudio
name: Troiani, Filippo
name: Ghirri, Alberto
name: Affronte, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement superconducting YBCO planar resonators with two fundamental modes for circuit quantum electrodynamics experiments. We first demonstrate good tunability in the resonant microwave frequencies and in their interplay as it emerges from the dependence of the transmission spectra on the device geometry. We then investigate the magnetic coupling of the resonant modes with bulk samples of DPPH organic radical spins. The transmission spectroscopies performed at low temperature show that the coherent spin-photon coupling regime with the spin ensembles can be achieved by each of the resonator modes. The analysis of the results within the framework of the Input-Output formalism and by means of entropic measures demonstrates coherent mixing of the degrees of freedom corresponding to two remote spin ensembles and, with a suitable choice of the geometry, the approaching of a regime with spin-induced mixing of the two photon modes.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 7 of Exosomal microRNAs are novel circulating biomarkers in cigarette, waterpipe smokers, E-cigarette users and dual smokers
Creators: name: Singh, Kameshwar P.
name: Maremanda, Krishna P.
name: Li, Dongmei
name: Rahman, Irfan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Table 7. Differential expressed microRNAs from plasma exosomes of dual smokers in comparison to cigarette smokers.
Magnetohydrodynamics of Cloud Collisions in a Multi-phase Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Miniati, Francesco
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Ferrara, Andrea
name: Jones, T. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend previous studies of the physics of interstellar cloud collisions by beginning investigation of the role of magnetic fields through 2D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical simulations. We study head-on collisions between equal mass, mildly supersonic diffuse clouds. We include a moderate magnetic field and two limiting field geometries, with the field lines parallel (aligned) and perpendicular (transverse) to the colliding cloud motion. We explore both adiabatic and radiative cases, as well as symmetric and asymmetric ones. We also compute collisions between clouds evolved through prior motion in the intercloud medium and compare with unevolved cases. We find that: In the (i) aligned case, adiabatic collisions, like their HD counterparts, are very disruptive, independent of the cloud symmetry. However, when radiative processes are taken into account, partial coalescence takes place even in the asymmetric case, unlike the HD calculations. In the (ii) transverse case, collisions between initially adjacent unevolved clouds are almost unaffected by magnetic fields. However, the interaction with the magnetized intercloud gas during the pre-collision evolution produces a region of very high magnetic energy in front of the cloud. In collisions between evolved clouds with transverse field geometry, this region acts like a ``bumper'', preventing direct contact between the clouds, and eventually reverses their motion. The ``elasticity'', defined as the ratio of the final to the initial kinetic energy of each cloud, is about 0.5-0.6 in the cases we considered. This behavior is found both in adiabatic and radiative cases.
description: 40 pages in AAS LaTeX v4.0, 13 figures (in degraded jpeg format). Full resolution images as well as mpeg animations are available at http://www.msi.umn.edu:80/Projects/twj/mhd-cc/ . Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Phoca rosmarus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Phocidae
Phoca
Phoca rosmarus

description: Phoca rosmarus [spec. nov.]
P. dentibus laniariis superioribus exsertis. Syst. nat. 6. n. 8.
Rosmarus. Olear. mus. 38. t. 23. f. 3. Jonst. pisc. t. 44. Worm. mus. 289. Bonan. mus. 269. f. 27.
Mors s Morsz, Rosmarus. Gesn. aqv. 211.
Wall-Ross. M artens. spitsb. 78. t. 1. P. f. B.
Eqvus marinus s. Hippopothamus falso dictus. Raj. quadr. 191.
Habitat intra Zonam arcticam Europae, Asiae, Americae.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 38, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206