cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BRITE-Constellation high-precision time-dependent photometry of the early-O-type supergiant $ζ$ Puppis unveils the photospheric drivers of its small- and large-scale wind structures
Creators: name: Ramiaramanantsoa, Tahina
name: Moffat, Anthony F. J.
name: Harmon, Robert
name: Ignace, Richard
name: St-Louis, Nicole
name: Vanbeveren, Dany
name: Shenar, Tomer
name: Pablo, Herbert
name: Richardson, Noel D.
name: Howarth, Ian D.
name: Stevens, Ian R.
name: Piaulet, Caroline
name: St-Jean, Lucas
name: Eversberg, Thomas
name: Pigulski, Andrzej
name: Popowicz, Adam
name: Kuschnig, Rainer
name: Zocłońska, Elżbieta
name: Buysschaert, Bram
name: Handler, Gerald
name: Weiss, Werner W.
name: Wade, Gregg A.
name: Rucinski, Slavek M.
name: Zwintz, Konstanze
name: Luckas, Paul
name: Heathcote, Bernard
name: Cacella, Paulo
name: Powles, Jonathan
name: Locke, Malcolm
name: Bohlsen, Terry
name: Chené, André-Nicolas
name: Miszalski, Brent
name: Waldron, Wayne L.
name: Kotze, Marissa M.
name: Kotze, Enrico J.
name: Böhm, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From $5.5$ months of dual-band optical photometric monitoring at the $1$ mmag level, BRITE-Constellation has revealed two simultaneous types of variability in the O4I(n)fp star $ζ$ Puppis: one single periodic non-sinusoidal component superimposed on a stochastic component. The monoperiodic component is the $1.78$ d signal previously detected by Coriolis/SMEI, but this time along with a prominent first harmonic. The shape of this signal changes over time, a behaviour that is incompatible with stellar oscillations but consistent with rotational modulation arising from evolving bright surface inhomogeneities. By means of a constrained non-linear light curve inversion algorithm we mapped the locations of the bright surface spots and traced their evolution. Our simultaneous ground-based multi-site spectroscopic monitoring of the star unveiled cyclical modulation of its He II $\lambda4686$ wind emission line with the $1.78$-day rotation period, showing signatures of Corotating Interaction Regions (CIRs) that turn out to be driven by the bright photospheric spots observed by BRITE. Traces of wind clumps are also observed in the He II $\lambda4686$ line and are correlated with the amplitudes of the stochastic component of the light variations probed by BRITE at the photosphere, suggesting that the BRITE observations additionally unveiled the photospheric drivers of wind clumps in $ζ$ Pup and that the clumping phenomenon starts at the very base of the wind. The origins of both the bright surface inhomogeneities and the stochastic light variations remain unknown, but a subsurface convective zone might play an important role in the generation of these two types of photospheric variability.
description: 44 pages, 28 figures, 6 Tables; To appear in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS)
(Multi-field) Natural Inflation and Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Salvio, Alberto
name: Sciusco, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a detailed study of natural inflation with a periodic non-minimal coupling, which is a well-motivated inflationary model that admits an explicit UV completion. We demonstrate that this construction can satisfy the most recent observational constraints from Planck and the BICEP/Keck collaborations. We also compute the corresponding relic gravitational wave background due to tensor perturbations and show that future space-borne interferometers, such as DECIGO, BBO and ALIA, may be able to detect it. Next, we extend this analysis and establish the validity of these results in a multi-field model featuring an additional $R^2$ term in the action, which allows us to interpolate between natural and scalaron (a.k.a.~Starobinsky) inflation. We investigate the conditions under which the aforementioned future interferometers will have the capability to differentiate between pure natural inflation and natural-scalaron inflation. The latter analysis could open the door to distinguishing between single-field and multi-field inflation through gravitational wave observations in more general contexts.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures, published version
Shape effects in the fluctuations of random isochrones on a square lattice
Creators: name: Domenech, Iván Álvarez
name: Rodríguez-Laguna, Javier
name: Cuerno, Rodolfo
name: Córdoba-Torres, Pedro
name: Santalla, Silvia N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the isochrone curves in first-passage percolation on a 2D square lattice, i.e. the boundary of the set of points which can be reached in less than a given time from a certain origin. The occurrence of an instantaneous average shape is described in terms of its Fourier components, highlighting a crossover between a diamond and a circular geometry as the noise level is increased. Generally, these isochrones can be understood as fluctuating interfaces with an inhomogeneous local width which reveals the underlying lattice structure. We show that once these inhomogeneities have been taken into account, the fluctuations fall into the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class with very good accuracy, where they reproduce the Family-Vicsek Ansatz with the expected exponents and the Tracy-Widom histogram for the local radial fluctuations.
Coupled continuous time random walks in finance
Creators: name: Meerschaert, Mark M.
name: Scalas, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Continuous time random walks (CTRWs) are used in physics to model anomalous diffusion, by incorporating a random waiting time between particle jumps. In finance, the particle jumps are log-returns and the waiting times measure delay between transactions. These two random variables (log-return and waiting time) are typically not independent. For these coupled CTRW models, we can now compute the limiting stochastic process (just like Brownian motion is the limit of a simple random walk), even in the case of heavy tailed (power-law) price jumps and/or waiting times. The probability density functions for this limit process solve fractional partial differential equations. In some cases, these equations can be explicitly solved to yield descriptions of long-term price changes, based on a high-resolution model of individual trades that includes the statistical dependence between waiting times and the subsequent log-returns. In the heavy tailed case, this involves operator stable space-time random vectors that generalize the familiar stable models. In this paper, we will review the fundamental theory and present two applications with tick-by-tick stock and futures data.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Paper presented at the Econophysics Colloquium, Canberra, Australia, November 2005
Spatial organization and interactions of harvester ants during foraging activity
Creators: name: Davidson, Jacob D.
name: Gordon, Deborah M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Local interactions, when individuals meet, can regulate collective behavior. In a system without any central control, the rate of interaction may depend simply on how the individuals move around. But interactions could in turn influence movement; individuals might seek out interactions, or their movement in response to interaction could influence further interaction rates. We develop a general framework to address these questions, using collision theory to establish a baseline expected rate of interaction based on proximity. We test the models using data from harvester ant colonies. A colony uses feedback from interactions inside the nest to regulate foraging activity. Potential foragers leave the nest in response to interactions with returning foragers with food. The time series of interactions and local density of ants show how density hotspots lead to interactions that are clustered in time. A correlated random walk null model describes the mixing of potential and returning foragers. A model from collision theory relates walking speed and spatial proximity with the probability of interaction. The results demonstrate that although ants do not mix homogeneously, trends in interaction patterns can be explained simply by the walking speed and local density of surrounding ants.
Exploring the Capability of Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Structural Edge Guidance for Multi-Spectral Satellite Image Inpainting
Creators: name: Czerkawski, Mikolaj
name: Tachtatzis, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The letter investigates the utility of text-to-image inpainting models for satellite image data. Two technical challenges of injecting structural guiding signals into the generative process as well as translating the inpainted RGB pixels to a wider set of MSI bands are addressed by introducing a novel inpainting framework based on StableDiffusion and ControlNet as well as a novel method for RGB-to-MSI translation. The results on a wider set of data suggest that the inpainting synthesized via StableDiffusion suffers from undesired artifacts and that a simple alternative of self-supervised internal inpainting achieves a higher quality of synthesis.
The commercialization of genome-editing technologies
Creators: name: Brinegar, Katelyn
name: Yetisen, Ali K.
name: Choi, Sun
name: Vallillo, Emily
name: Ruiz-Esparza, Guillermo U.
name: Prabhakar, Anand M.
name: Khademhosseini, Ali
name: Seok-Hyun Yun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: The emergence of new gene-editing technologies is profoundly transforming human therapeutics, agriculture, and industrial biotechnology. Advances in clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) have created a fertile environment for mass-scale manufacturing of cost-effective products ranging from basic research to translational medicine. In our analyses, we evaluated the patent landscape of gene-editing technologies and found that in comparison to earlier gene-editing techniques, CRISPR has gained significant traction and this has established dominance. Although most of the gene-editing technologies originated from the industry, CRISPR has been pioneered by academic research institutions. The spinout of CRISPR biotechnology companies from academic institutions demonstrates a shift in entrepreneurship strategies that were previously led by the industry. These academic institutions, and their subsequent companies, are competing to generate comprehensive intellectual property portfolios to rapidly commercialize CRISPR products. Our analysis shows that the emergence of CRISPR has resulted in a fivefold increase in genome-editing bioenterprise investment over the last year. This entrepreneurial movement has spurred a global biotechnology revolution in the realization of novel gene-editing technologies. This global shift in bioenterprise will continue to grow as the demand for personalized medicine, genetically modified crops and environmentally sustainable biofuels increases. However, the monopolization of intellectual property, negative public perception of genetic engineering and ambiguous regulatory policies may limit the growth of these market segments.
Sampling the two-dimensional density of states g(E,M) of a giant magnetic molecule using the Wang-Landau method
Creators: name: Torbruegge, S.
name: Schnack, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wang-Landau method is used to study the magnetic properties of the giant paramagnetic molecule Mo_72Fe_30 in which 30 Fe3+ ions are coupled via antiferromagnetic exchange. The two-dimensional density of states g(E,M) in energy and magnetization space is calculated using a self-adaptive version of the Wang-Landau method. From g(E,M) the magnetization and magnetic susceptibility can be calculated for any temperature and external field.
description: 5 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Physics of the saturation of particle acceleration in relativistic magnetic reconnection
Creators: name: Kagan, Daniel
name: Nakar, Ehud
name: Piran, Tsvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the saturation of particle acceleration in relativistic reconnection using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations at various magnetizations σ. We find that the particle energy spectrum produced in reconnection quickly saturates as a hard power law that cuts off at γ~4σ, confirming previous work. Using particle tracing, we find that particle acceleration by the reconnection electric field in X-points determines the shape of the particle energy spectrum. By analyzing the current sheet structure, we show that physical cause of saturation is the spontaneous formation of secondary magnetic islands that can disrupt particle acceleration. By comparing the size of acceleration regions to the typical distance between disruptive islands, we show that the maximum Lorentz factor produced in reconnection is γ~ 5 σ, which is very close to what we find in our particle energy spectra. We also show that the dynamic range in Lorentz factor of the power law spectrum in reconnection is < 40. The hardness of the power law combined with its narrow dynamic range implies that relativistic reconnection is capable of producing the hard narrowband flares observed in the Crab Nebula but has difficulty producing the softer broadband prompt GRB emission.
description: 12 pages; 10 figures; submitted to MNRAS
Dynamic equation for quantum Hall bilayers with spontaneous interlayer coherence: The low-density limit
Creators: name: Bezuglyj, A. I.
name: Shevchenko, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bilayer systems exhibit the Bose-Einstein condensation of excitons that emerge due to Coulomb pairing of electrons belonging to one layer with the holes belonging to the other layer. Here we present the microscopic derivation of the dynamic equation for the condensate wave function at a low density of electron-hole ($e-h$) pairs in a strong magnetic field perpendicular to the layers and an electric field directed along the layers. From this equation we obtain the dispersion law for collective excitations of the condensate and calculate the electric charge of the vortex in the exciton condensate. The critical interlayer spacing, the excess of which leads to a collapse of the superfluid state, is estimated. In bilayer systems with curved conducting layers, the effective mass of the $e-h$ pair becomes the function of the $e-h$ pair coordinates, the regions arise, where the energy of the $e-h$ pair is lowered (exciton traps), and lastly $e-h$ pairs can gain the polarization in the basal plane. This polarization leads to the appearance of quantized vortices even at zero temperature.
description: 8 pages
Hole subband dispersions in a cylindrical Ge nanowire: exact results based on the axial Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Li, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian in the axial approximation, the transcendental equations determining the hole subband dispersions in a cylindrical Ge nanowire are analytically derived. These equations are more general than that derived using the spherical approximation, and are suitable to study the growth direction dependence of the subband dispersions. The axial approximation almost gives rise to the accurate low-energy subband dispersions for high-symmetry nanowire growth directions [001] and [111]. The perturbation correction from the non-axial term is negligible for these two directions. The lowest two subband dispersions can be regarded as two shifted parabolic curves with an energy gap at $k_{z}=0$ for both growth directions [001] and [111]. At the position of the energy gap, the eigenstates for growth direction [111] are inverted in comparison with the normal eigenstates for growth direction [001]. A nanowire growth direction where the energy gap closes at $k_{z}=0$ is predicted to exist between directions [001] and [111].
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
The MFF Singular Vectors in Topological Conformal Theories
Creators: name: Semikhatov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that singular vectors of the topological conformal (twisted $N=2$) algebra are identical with singular vectors of the $sl(2)$ Kac--Moody algebra. An arbitrary matter theory can be dressed by additional fields to make up a representation of either the $sl(2)$ current algebra or the topological conformal algebra. The relation between the two constructions is equivalent to the Kazama--Suzuki realisation of a topological conformal theory as $sl(2)\oplus u(1)/u(1)$. The Malikov--Feigin--Fuchs (MFF) formula for the $sl(2)$ singular vectors translates into a general expression for topological singular vectors. The MFF/topological singular states are observed to vanish in Witten's free-field construction of the (twisted) $N=2$ algebra, derived from the Landau--Ginzburg formalism.
description: 26pp., LaTeX, REVISED
Enabling Automated Integration Testing of Smart Farming Applications via Digital Twin Prototypes
Creators: name: Barbie, Alexander
name: Hasselbring, Wilhelm
name: Hansen, Malte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Industry 4.0 represents a major technological shift that has the potential to transform the manufacturing industry, making it more efficient, productive, and sustainable. Smart farming is a concept that involves the use of advanced technologies to improve the efficiency and sustainability of agricultural practices. Industry 4.0 and smart farming are closely related, as many of the technologies used in smart farming are also used in Industry 4.0. Digital twins have the potential for cost-effective software development of such applications. With our Digital Twin Prototype approach, all sensor interfaces are integrated into the development process, and their inputs and outputs of the emulated hardware match those of the real hardware. The emulators respond to the same commands and return identically formatted data packages as their real counterparts, making the Digital Twin Prototype a valid source of a digital shadow, i.e. the Digital Twin Prototype is a prototype of the physical twin and can replace it for automated testing of the digital twin software. In this paper, we present a case study for employing our Digital Twin Prototype approach to automated testing of software for improving the making of silage with a smart farming application. Besides automated testing with continuous integration, we also discuss continuous deployment of modular Docker containers in this context.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, conference, In the Proceedings Of The 2023 IEEE International Conference on Digital Twin (Digital Twin 2023)
The M 31 double nucleus probed with OASIS and HST. A natural m=1 mode?
Creators: name: Bacon, R.
name: Emsellem, E.
name: Combes, F.
name: Copin, Y.
name: Monnet, G.
name: Martin, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations with the adaptive optics assisted integral field spectrograph OASIS of the M 31 double nucleus at a spatial resolution better than 0.5 arcsec FWHM. These data are used to derive the two-dimensional stellar kinematics within the central 2 arcsec. Archival WFPC2/HST images are revisited to perform a photometric decomposition of the nuclear region. We also present STIS/HST kinematics obtained from the archive. The luminosity distribution of the central region is well separated into the respective contributions of the bulge, the nucleus including P1 and P2, and the so-called UV peak. We then show that the axis joining P1 and P2, the two local surface brightness maxima, does not coincide with the kinematic major-axis, which is also the major-axis of the nuclear isophotes (excluding P1). We also confirm that the velocity dispersion peak is offset by ~ 0.2 arcsec from the UV peak, assumed to mark the location of the supermassive black hole. The newly reduced STIS/HST velocity and dispersion profiles are then compared to OASIS and other published kinematics. We find significant offsets with previously published data. Simple parametric models are then built to successfully reconcile all the available kinematics. We finally interpret the observations using new N-body simulations. The nearly keplerian nuclear disk of M31 is subject to a natural m=1 mode, with a very slow pattern speed (3 km/s/pc for M_BH = 7 10^7~\Msun), that can be maintained during more than a thousand dynamical times. The resulting morphology and kinematics of the mode can reproduce the M~31 nuclear-disk photometry and mean stellar velocity, including the observed asymmetries. It requires a central mass concentration and a cold disk system representing between 20 and 40% of its mass. Abridged..
description: 21 pages. accepted for publication in A&A
A QCD sum rules calculation of the $η_c D^* D$ and $η_c D_s^* D_s$ form factors and strong coupling constants
Creators: name: Rodrigues, B. Osório
name: Bracco, M. E.
name: Zanetti, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the QCD sum rules for the three point correlation functions to compute the strong coupling constants of the meson vertices $η_c D^* D$ and $η_c D_s^* D_s$. We consider perturbative and non-perturbative contributions, working up to dimension five on the OPE. The vertices were studied considering that each one of its three mesons are off-shell alternately. The vertex coupling constant is evaluated through the extrapolation of the three different form factors. The results obtained for the coupling constants are $g_{η_c D^* D} = 5.23^{+1.80}_{-1.38}$ and $g_{η_c D_s^* D_s}=5.55^{+1.29}_{-1.55}$.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Coherent Terahertz Spin-Wave Emission Associated with Ferrimagnetic Domain Wall Dynamics
Creators: name: Oh, Se-Hyeok
name: Kim, Se Kwon
name: Lee, Dong-Kyu
name: Go, Gyungchoon
name: Kim, Kab-Jin
name: Ono, Teruo
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
name: Lee, Kyung-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the dynamics of ferrimagnetic domain walls in the presence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We find that an application of a DC magnetic field can induce terahertz spin-wave emission by driving ferrimagnetic domain walls, which is not possible for ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic domain walls. Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction is shown to facilitate the teraherz spin-wave emission in wide ranges of net angular momentum by increasing the Walkerbreakdown field. Moreover, we show that spin-orbit torque combined with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction also drives a fast ferrimagnetic domain wall motion with emitting terahertz spin-waves in wide ranges of net angular momentum.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
High Energy Resummation of Jet Observables
Creators: name: Zoia, Simone
name: Muselli, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the extension of high energy resummation at LLx accuracy to jet observables. In particular, we present the high energy resummed expression of the transverse momentum distribution of the outgoing parton in the general partonic process $g(q) + g(q) \to g(q) + X$. In order to reach this result, several new ideas are introduced and exploited. First we prove that LLx resummation is achieved by dressing with hard radiation an off-shell gluon initiated LO process even if its on-shell limit is vanishing or trivial. Then we present a gauge-invariant framework where these calculations can be performed by using the modern helicity techniques. Finally, we show a possible way to restore gluon indistinguishability in the final state, which is otherwise lost in the resummation procedure, at all orders in $α_s$ at LLx. All partonic channels are then resummed and cross-checked against fixed-order calculations up to $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3)$
description: 31 pages, 6 figures
Shrinkage Estimation Strategies in Generalized Ridge Regression Models Under Low/High-Dimension Regime
Creators: name: Yüzbaşı, Bahadır
name: Arashi, Mohammad
name: Ahmed, S. Ejaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this study, we propose shrinkage methods based on {\it generalized ridge regression} (GRR) estimation which is suitable for both multicollinearity and high dimensional problems with small number of samples (large $p$, small $n$). Also, it is obtained theoretical properties of the proposed estimators for Low/High Dimensional cases. Furthermore, the performance of the listed estimators is demonstrated by both simulation studies and real-data analysis, and compare its performance with existing penalty methods. We show that the proposed methods compare well to competing regularization techniques.
The dependence of convective core overshooting on stellar mass: semi-empirical determination using the diffusive approach with two different element mixtures
Creators: name: Claret, Antonio
name: Torres, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Convective core overshooting has a strong influence on the evolution of stars of moderate and high mass. Studies of double-lined eclipsing binaries and stellar oscillations have renewed interest in the possible dependence of overshooting on stellar mass, which has been poorly constrained by observations so far. Here we have used a sample of 29 well-studied double-lined eclipsing binaries in key locations of the H-R diagram to establish the explicit dependence of f(ov) on mass, where f(ov) is the free parameter in the diffusive approximation to overshooting. Measurements of the masses, radii, and temperatures of the binary components were compared against stellar evolution calculations based on the MESA code to infer semi-empirical values of f(ov) for each component. We find a clear mass dependence such that f(ov) rises sharply from zero in the range 1.2--2.0 solar masses, and levels off thereafter up to the 4.4 solar mass limit of our sample. Tests with two different element mixtures indicate the trend is the same, and we find it is also qualitatively similar to the one established in our previous study with the classical step-function implementation of overshooting characterized by the free parameter alpha(ov). Based on these measurements we infer an approximate relationship between the two overshooting parameters of alpha(ov)/f(ov) = 11.36 +/- 0.22, with a possible dependence on stellar properties.
description: 13 pages in emulateapj format, including figures and tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Moduli map of second fundamental forms on a nonsingular intersection of two quadrics
Creators: name: Jeong, Yewon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M99

description: In [GH], Griffiths and Harris asked whether a projective complex submanifold of codimension two is determined by the moduli of its second fundamental forms. More precisely, given a nonsingular subvariety $X^n \subset {\mathbb P}^{n+2}$, the second fundamental form $II_{X,x}$ at a point $x \in X$ is a pencil of quadrics on $T_x(X)$, defining a rational map $μ^X$ from $X$ to a suitable moduli space of pencils of quadrics on a complex vector space of dimension $n$. The question raised by Griffiths and Harris was whether the image of $μ^X$ determines $X$. We study this question when $X^n \subset {\mathbb P}^{n+2}$ is a nonsingular intersection of two quadric hypersurfaces of dimension $n >4$. In this case, the second fundamental form $II_{X,x}$ at a general point $x \in X$ is a nonsingular pencil of quadrics. Firstly, we prove that the moduli map $μ^X$ is dominant over the moduli of nonsingular pencils of quadrics. This gives a negative answer to Griffiths-Harris's question. To remedy the situation, we consider a refined version $\widetildeμ^X$ of the moduli map $μ^X$, which takes into account the infinitesimal information of $μ^X$. Our main result is an affirmative answer in terms of the refined moduli map: we prove that the image of $\widetildeμ^X$ determines $X$, among nonsingular intersections of two quadrics.
description: To appear in Mathematische Annalen
The fundamental Lepage form in variational theory for submanifolds
Creators: name: Urban, Zbyněk
name: Brajerčík, Ján
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58E30, 58A20, 58D19, 53A10

description: A setting for global variational geometry on Grassmann fibrations is presented. The integral variational functionals for finite dimensional immersed submanifolds are studied by means of the fundamental Lepage equivalent of a homogeneous Lagrangian, which can be regarded as a generalization of the well-known Hilbert form in the classical mechanics. Prolongations of immersions, diffeomorphisms and vector fields to the Grassmann fibrations are introduced as geometric tools for the variations of immersions. The first infinitesimal variation formula together with its consequences, the Euler-Lagrange equations for extremal submanifolds and the Noether theorem for invariant variational functionals are proved. The theory is illustrated on the variational functional for minimal submanifolds.
description: 27 pages
Physical Scaling and Renormalization Group in Two-Dimensional Gravity
Creators: name: Tanii, Y.
name: Kojima, S.
name: Sakai, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum gravitational effects on the renormalization group equation are studied in the $(2+ε)$-dimensional approach. Divergences in a matter one-loop effective action do not receive gravitational radiative corrections. The renormalization factor for beta functions recently found by Klebanov, Kogan and Polyakov is obtained by using the renormalized cosmological constant to define the physical scale transformation.
description: 13 pages, Imperial/TP/93-94/10, TIT/HEP-244
Determinants of utilization of antenatal care services among adolescent girls and young women in Indonesia
Creators: name: Efendi, Ferry
name: Ching-Min Chen
name: Sarni Maniar Berliana
name: Kurniati, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111709 Health Care Administration
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Due to the high number of maternal deaths, provision of antenatal care services (ANC) in Indonesia is one of the key aims of the post-Millennium Development Goals agenda. This study aimed to assess the key factors determining use of ANC by adolescent girls and young women in Indonesia. Data from the Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2012 were used, with a focus on married adolescent girls (aged 15-19 years, n = 543) and young women (20-24 years, n = 2,916) who were mothers. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with ANC use. The findings indicated that adolescents were less likely to make ANC visits than young women. Richer women were more likely to make four ANC visits in both groups compared to the poorer women. Living in urban areas, higher educational attainment, and lower birth order were also all associated with higher levels of receiving ANC among young women. The results showed that socio-economic factors were related to the use of ANC among adolescent girls and young women. Ongoing health-care interventions should thus put a priority on adolescent mothers coming from poor socio-economic backgrounds.
Phase Diagram of Vertically Shaken Granular Matter
Creators: name: Eshuis, Peter
name: van der Weele, Ko
name: van der Meer, Devaraj
name: Bos, Robert
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A shallow, vertically shaken granular bed in a quasi 2-D container is studied experimentally yielding a wider variety of phenomena than in any previous study: (1) bouncing bed, (2) undulations, (3) granular Leidenfrost effect, (4) convection rolls, and (5) granular gas. These phenomena and the transitions between them are characterized by dimensionless control parameters and combined in a full experimental phase diagram.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures, submitted to "Physics of Fluids"
Further detections of OH masers in carbon stars with silicate features
Creators: name: Szymczak, M.
name: Szczerba, R.
name: Chen, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sample of J-type carbon stars was searched for OH maser emission. The new detection of three OH lines towards two silicate carbon stars is reported. In V778 Cyg, previously known as the main-lines (1665 and 1667 MHz) maser source, the satellite 1612 MHz emission was discovered while in NSV 2814 the main OH lines were detected. The presence of OH maser lines confirms the former suggestion that oxygen-rich material is located in the vicinity ($\approx$ $10^{15-16}$ cm) of silicate carbon stars.
description: LaTeX2e, 4 pages with 2 figures
Baryonic effects in cosmic shear tomography: PCA parametrization and importance of extreme baryonic models
Creators: name: Mohammed, Irshad
name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baryonic effects are amongst the most severe systematics to the tomographic analysis of weak lensing data which is the principal probe in many future generations of cosmological surveys like LSST, Euclid etc.. Modeling or parameterizing these effects is essential in order to extract valuable constraints on cosmological parameters. In a recent paper, Eifler et al. (2015) suggested a reduction technique for baryonic effects by conducting a principal component analysis (PCA) and removing the largest baryonic eigenmodes from the data. In this article, we conducted the investigation further and addressed two critical aspects. Firstly, we performed the analysis by separating the simulations into training and test sets, computing a minimal set of principle components from the training set and examining the fits on the test set. We found that using only four parameters, corresponding to the four largest eigenmodes of the training set, the test sets can be fitted thoroughly with an RMS $\sim 0.0011$. Secondly, we explored the significance of outliers, the most exotic/extreme baryonic scenarios, in this method. We found that excluding the outliers from the training set results in a relatively bad fit and degraded the RMS by nearly a factor of 3. Therefore, for a direct employment of this method to the tomographic analysis of the weak lensing data, the principle components should be derived from a training set that comprises adequately exotic but reasonable models such that the reality is included inside the parameter domain sampled by the training set. The baryonic effects can be parameterized as the coefficients of these principle components and should be marginalized over the cosmological parameter space.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Submitted to ApJ
Depinning exponents of the driven long-range elastic string
Creators: name: Duemmer, Olaf
name: Krauth, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a high-precision calculation of the critical exponents for the long-range elastic string driven through quenched disorder at the depinning transition, at zero temperature. Large-scale simulations are used to avoid finite-size effects and to enable high precision. The roughness, growth, and velocity exponents are calculated independently, and the dynamic and correlation length exponents are derived. The critical exponents satisfy known scaling relations and agree well with analytical predictions.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Two-dimensional dipolar gap solitons in free space with spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Li, Yongyao
name: Liu, Yan
name: Fan, Zhiwei
name: Pang, Wei
name: Fu, Shenhe
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present gap solitons (GSs) that can be created in free nearly two-dimensional (2D) space in dipolar spinor Bose-Einstein condensates with the spin-orbit coupling (SOC), subject to tight confinement, with size $a_{\perp }$, in the third direction. For quasi-2D patterns, with lateral sizes $l\gg a_{\perp }$, the kinetic-energy terms in the respective spinor Gross-Pitaevskii equations may be neglected in comparison with SOC. This gives rise to a bandgap in the system's spectrum, in the presence of the Zeeman splitting between the spinor components. While the present system with contact interactions does not produce 2D solitons, stable gap solitons(GSs), with vorticities $0$ and $1$ in the two components, are found, in quasi-analytical and numerical forms, under the action of dipole-dipole interaction (DDI). Namely, isotropic and anisotropic 2D GSs are obtained when the dipoles are polarized, respectively, perpendicular or parallel to the 2D plane. The GS families extend, as \textit{embedded solitons} (ESs), into spectral bands, a part of the ES branch being stable for isotropic solitons. The GSs remain stable if the competing contact interaction, with the sign opposite to that of the DDI, is included, while the addition of the contact term with the same sign destabilizes the GSs, at first replacing them by breathers, and eventually leading to destruction of the solitons. Mobility and collision of the GSs are studied too, revealing negative and positive effective masses of the isotropic and anisotropic solitons, respectively.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 54 references, Physical Review A in press
Self-Consistent Asset Pricing Models
Creators: name: Malevergne, Y.
name: Sornette, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We discuss the foundations of factor or regression models in the light of the self-consistency condition that the market portfolio (and more generally the risk factors) is (are) constituted of the assets whose returns it is (they are) supposed to explain. As already reported in several articles, self-consistency implies correlations between the return disturbances. As a consequence, the alpha's and beta's of the factor model are unobservable. Self-consistency leads to renormalized beta's with zero effective alpha's, which are observable with standard OLS regressions. Analytical derivations and numerical simulations show that, for arbitrary choices of the proxy which are different from the true market portfolio, a modified linear regression holds with a non-zero value $α_i$ at the origin between an asset $i$'s return and the proxy's return. Self-consistency also introduces ``orthogonality'' and ``normality'' conditions linking the beta's, alpha's (as well as the residuals) and the weights of the proxy portfolio. Two diagnostics based on these orthogonality and normality conditions are implemented on a basket of 323 assets which have been components of the S&P500 in the period from Jan. 1990 to Feb. 2005. These two diagnostics show interesting departures from dynamical self-consistency starting about 2 years before the end of the Internet bubble. Finally, the factor decomposition with the self-consistency condition derives a risk-factor decomposition in the multi-factor case which is identical to the principal components analysis (PCA), thus providing a direct link between model-driven and data-driven constructions of risk factors.
description: 36 pages with 8 figures. large version with 6 appendices for the Proceedings of the 5th International Conference APFS (Applications of Physics in Financial Analysis), June 29-July 1, 2006, Torino
What is an integrable quench?
Creators: name: Piroli, Lorenzo
name: Pozsgay, Balázs
name: Vernier, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by classical results in integrable boundary quantum field theory, we propose a definition of integrable initial states for quantum quenches in lattice models. They are defined as the states which are annihilated by all local conserved charges that are odd under space reflection. We show that this class includes the states which can be related to integrable boundary conditions in an appropriate rotated channel, in loose analogy with the picture in quantum field theory. Furthermore, we provide an efficient method to test integrability of given initial states. We revisit the recent literature of global quenches in several models and show that, in all of the cases where closed-form analytical results could be obtained, the initial state is integrable according to our definition. In the prototypical example of the XXZ spin-s chains we show that integrable states include two-site product states but also larger families of matrix product states with arbitrary bond dimension. We argue that our results could be practically useful for the study of quantum quenches in generic integrable models.
description: 44 pages, 10 figures; v2: minor revision
The limit of Kerr-de Sitter spacetime with infinite angular-momentum parameter $a$
Creators: name: Mars, Marc
name: Paetz, Tim-Torben
name: Senovilla, José M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the limit $a\rightarrow \infty$ of the Kerr-de Sitter spacetime. The spacetime is a Petrov type-D solution of the vacuum Einstein field equations with a positive cosmological constant $Λ$, vanishing Mars-Simon tensor and conformally flat scri. It possesses an Abelian 2-dimensional group of symmetries whose orbits are spacelike or timelike in different regions, and it includes, as a particular case, de Sitter spacetime. The global structure of the solution is analyzed in detail, with particular attention to its Killing horizons: they are foliated by non-compact marginally trapped surfaces of finite area, and one of them `touches' the curvature singularity, which resembles a null 2-dimensional surface. Outside the region between these horizons there exist trapped surfaces that again are non-compact. The solution contains, apart from $Λ$, a unique free parameter which can be related to the angular momentum of the non-singular horizon in a precise way. A maximal extension of the (axis of the) spacetime is explicitly built. We also analyze the structure of scri, whose topology is $\mathbb{R}^3$.
description: 24 pages
Additional file 8 of Pineal gland transcriptomic profiling reveals the differential regulation of lncRNA and mRNA related to prolificacy in STH sheep with two FecB genotypes
Creators: name: Li, Chunyan
name: He, Xiaoyun
name: Zhang, Zijun
name: Ren, Chunhuan
name: Chu, Mingxing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S8. Distribution of DE mRNAs on chromosomes in ww_FP vs ww_LP.
Higgs-like (pseudo)Scalars in AdS$_4$, Marginal and Irrelevant Deformations in CFT_3 and Instantons on S^3
Creators: name: Naghdi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a 4-form ansatz of 11-dimensional supergravity over non-dynamical AdS$_4 \times S^7/Z_k$ background, with the internal space as a $S^1$ Hopf fibration on CP$^3$, we get a consistent truncation. The (pseudo)scalars, in the resulting scalar equations in Euclidean AdS_4 space, may be viewed as arising from (anti)M-branes wrapping around internal directions in the (Wick-rotated) skew-whiffed M2-branes background (as the resulting theory is for anti-M2-branes) and so, realizing the modes after swapping the three fundamental representations $8_s, 8_c, 8_v$ of SO(8). Taking the backreaction on the external and internal spaces, we get massless and massive modes, corresponding to exactly marginal and marginally irrelevant deformations on the boundary CFT$_3$, and write a closed solution for the bulk equation and compute its correction to the background action. Next, considering the Higgs-like (breathing) mode $m^2=18$, having all supersymmetries, parity and scale-invariance broken, by solving the associated bulk equation with mathematical methods, especially the Adomian decomposition method, and analyzing the behavior near the boundary of the solutions, we realize the boundary duals in SU(4) x U(1)-singlet sectors of the ABJM model. Then, introducing new dual deformation $Δ_+$ = 3, 6 operators made of bi-fundamental scalars, fermions and U(1) gauge fields, we obtain SO(4)-invariant solutions as small instantons on a three-sphere with radius at infinity, which actually correspond to collapsing bulk bubbles leading to big-crunch singularities.
description: 27 Pages, Minor changes, Typos fixed