cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A fast hybrid algorithm for exoplanetary transit searches
Creators: name: Cameron, A. Collier
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Street, R. A.
name: Lister, T. A.
name: West, R. G.
name: Wilson, D. M.
name: Pont, F.
name: Christian, D. J.
name: Clarkson, W. I.
name: Enoch, B.
name: Evans, A.
name: Fitzsimmons, A.
name: Haswell, C. A.
name: Hellier, C.
name: Hodgkin, S. T.
name: Horne, K.
name: Irwin, J.
name: Kane, S. R.
name: Keenan, F. P.
name: Norton, A. J.
name: Parley, N. R.
name: Osborne, J.
name: Ryans, R.
name: Skillen, I.
name: Wheatley, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fast and efficient hybrid algorithm for selecting exoplanetary candidates from wide-field transit surveys. Our method is based on the widely-used SysRem and Box Least-Squares (BLS) algorithms. Patterns of systematic error that are common to all stars on the frame are mapped and eliminated using the SysRem algorithm. The remaining systematic errors caused by spatially localised flat-fielding and other errors are quantified using a boxcar-smoothing method. We show that the dimensions of the search-parameter space can be reduced greatly by carrying out an initial BLS search on a coarse grid of reduced dimensions, followed by Newton-Raphson refinement of the transit parameters in the vicinity of the most significant solutions. We illustrate the method's operation by applying it to data from one field of the SuperWASP survey, comprising 2300 observations of 7840 stars brighter than V=13.0. We identify 11 likely transit candidates. We reject stars that exhibit significant ellipsoidal variations indicative of a stellar-mass companion. We use colours and proper motions from the 2MASS and USNO-B1.0 surveys to estimate the stellar parameters and the companion radius. We find that two stars showing unambiguous transit signals pass all these tests, and so qualify for detailed high-resolution spectroscopic follow-up.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Being in the right place at the right time : time of day discrimination by pigeons, Columba Livia
Creators: name: Saksida, Lisa Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Pigeons were trained to discriminate between four keys, one of which provided food in the mornings, another which provided food in the afternoons, and two which never provided food. Three experiments were performed to determine if pigeons could track food availability over a 24-hr period. In Experiment 1, food was available at one place (pecking key) in the mornings and at a different place in the afternoons. Although the length of time between sessions was much greater than in previous studies (e.g., Wilkie & Willson, 1992), all subjects appeared to demonstrate time-place associative learning. In order to rule out the possibility of an alternation strategy, in Experiment 2 only morning or only afternoon sessions were given. Subjects maintained well above chance performance, showing that they were not simply alternating between the two rewarded locations. In Experiment 3, the length of time between morning and afternoon sessions was varied. The results indicated an increase in errors as the inter-session interval decreased, which provides further support for a timing as opposed to an alternation mechanism. Experiment 4 was designed to investigate mechanisms underlying the timing behaviour. Lights-on time was shifted back by 6 hr and no decrease in performance was found during the first session following this phase shift. This finding rules out an interval timer and suggests that a circadian type of timing mechanism, with a self-sustaining oscillator, mediates time-place learning over a period of 24 hr. Further support for this notion was found in Experiment 5 in which subjects were tested in constant dim light. In that experiment subjects' continued correct responding provides additional support for a self-sustaining circadian timer.
Cosmic microwave background and large-scale structure constraints on a simple quintessential inflation model
Creators: name: Rosenfeld, Rogerio
name: Frieman, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive constraints on a simple quintessential inflation model, based on a spontaneously broken Phi^4 theory, imposed by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe three-year data (WMAP3) and by galaxy clustering results from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey(SDSS). We find that the scale of symmetry breaking must be larger than about 3 Planck masses in order for inflation to generate acceptable values of the scalar spectral index and of the tensor-to-scalar ratio. We also show that the resulting quintessence equation-of-state can evolve rapidly at recent times and hence can potentially be distinguished from a simple cosmological constant in this parameter regime.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Single cell copy number variation profiles reveal diverse heterogeneity in breast tumours
Creators: name: Torpy, James R.
name: Bartonicek, Nenad
name: Wu, Sunny Z.
name: Roden, Daniel
name: Harvey, Kate
name: Niantao Deng
name: Swarbrick, Alexander
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Breast cancers are often composed of multiple sub-clonal populations, increasing the likelihood of a drug resistant or metastatic subpopulation being present.We have benchmarked and used a tool known as InferCNV (Tirosh et. al., Nature 2016) to infer copy-number variation (CNV) profiles of breast cancer epithelial cells from 33 single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-Seq) datasets representing all major breast cancer subtypes and normal breast tissue. We found diverse range of intra-tumour genomic heterogeneity which can be seen in multiple subtypes of breast cancer, highlighting a number of clonal subpopulations. Several CNV-associated oncogenes are in areas of copy number change, potentially contributing to tumour development and progression. Further characterisation of these cancer subpopulations will allow development of treatments which target a broader range of intra-tumour populations, reducing the risk of one of these escaping treatment, contributing to drug resistance and potentially metastasis.
TrackFind – FAIR search of genomic tracks
Creators: name: Titov, Dmytro
name: Gundersen, Sveinung
name: Kompova, Radmila
name: Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador
name: Drabløs, Finn
name: Fernández, José M.
name: Taylor, Kieron
name: Zerbino, Daniel
name: Hovig, Eivind
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Thousands of genomic annotation tracks have been generated the recent years, many in the context of larger undertakings such as BLUEPRINT and ENCODE. Several data portals for tracks are providing search services to researchers, but the underlying metadata is diverse and often poorly curated. The Trackhub Registry provides a unified access point, but currently only supports limited search capabilities.

In the context of the Elixir Implementation Study: “FAIRification of Genomic Tracks”, we have developed the TrackFind service. TrackFind supports crawling of the TrackHub Registry and other data portals to fetch track metadata. Crawled metadata can be accessed through hierarchical browsing or by search queries, both through a web-based user interface and as a RESTful API. TrackFind supports advanced SQL-based search queries that can be easily built in the user interface, and the search results can be browsed and exported in JSON or GSuite format. The RESTful API allows downstream tools and scripts to easily integrate TrackFind search, currently demonstrated by the GSuite HyperBrowser and EPICO.

In addition to supporting most metadata models directly, TrackFind also supports the transformation of metadata into the FAIR model defined in the “FAIRification of Genomic Tracks” Implementation Study. Such transformation can be achieved on per-TrackHub basis through online scripting, thus providing a simple path for data managers to FAIRify their track metadata. TrackFind also maintains a version history of all metadata changes, including all re-crawlings and transformations. We are also planning to add functionality for curating existing track metadata content.
Multiple field inflation
Creators: name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflation offers a simple model for very early evolution of our Universe and the origin of primordial perturbations on large scales. Over the last 25 years we have become familiar with the predictions of single-field models, but inflation with more than one light scalar field can alter preconceptions about the inflationary dynamics and our predictions for the primordial perturbations. I will discuss how future observational data could distinguish between inflation driven by one field, or many fields. As an example, I briefly review the curvaton as an alternative to the inflaton scenario for the origin of structure.
description: 27 pages, no figures. To appear in proceedings of 22nd IAP Colloquium, Inflation +25, Paris, June 2006
Spatial Structure and Collisionless Electron Heating in Balmer-dominated Shocks
Creators: name: van Adelsberg, Matthew
name: Heng, Kevin
name: McCray, Richard
name: Raymond, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Balmer-dominated shocks in supernova remnants (SNRs) produce strong hydrogen lines with a two-component profile composed of a narrow contribution from cold upstream hydrogen atoms, and a broad contribution from hydrogen atoms that have undergone charge transfer reactions with hot protons. Observations of emission lines from edge-wise shocks in SNRs can constrain the gas velocity and collisionless electron heating at the shock front. Downstream hydrogen atoms engage in charge transfer, excitation and ionization reactions, defining an interaction region called the shock transition zone. The properties of hot hydrogen atoms produced by charge transfers (called broad neutrals) are critical for accurately calculating the structure and radiation from the shock transition zone. This paper is the third in a series describing the kinetic, fluid and emission properties of Balmer-dominated shocks, and is the first to properly treat the effect of broad neutral kinetics on shock transition zone structure. We use our models to extract shock parameters from observations of Balmer-dominated SNRs. We find that inferred shock velocities and electron temperatures are lower than those of previous calculations by <10% for v_s<1500 km/s, and by 10-30% for v_s>1500 km/s. This effect is primarily due to the fact that excitation by proton collisions and charge transfer to excited levels favor the high speed part of the neutral hydrogen velocity distribution. Our results have a strong dependence on the ratio of electron to proton temperatures, β=T_e/T_p, which allows us to construct a relation β(v_s) between the temperature ratio and shock velocity. We compare our calculations to previous results by Ghavamian et al. (2007).
description: 41 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables. Improved comparison to previous results, added discussion, and incorporated referee's suggestions. Submitted to ApJ
Greek Students’ Motivation and Beliefs about Choosing Teaching English as a Career
Creators: name: Κλάγγου, Σταματία Παναγιώτη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: Πεποιθήσεις για τη Διδασκαλία Αγγλικών ως επάγγελμα
Κίνητρα για τη Διδασκαλία Αγγλικών ως επάγγελμα
Πρακτική στη Διδασκαλία Αγγλικών
Beliefs about teaching English as a career
Motivation to choose teaching English as a career
Practice in Teaching English

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη των πεποιθήσεων των φοιτητών του τμήματος της Αγγλικής Φιλολογίας της Θεσσαλονίκης σχετικά με την επιλογή να επιλέξουν τη διδασκαλία των Αγγλικών ως επάγγελμα. Ερευνήσαμε τις πεποιθήσεις τους σχετικά με την αφοσίωση στη συγκεκριμένη καριέρα, την προσωπική τους εξέλιξη, τις μεθόδους διδασκαλίας, τις επαγγελματικές συνθήκες, το εισόδημα και την κοινωνική θέση, καθώς και τη σπουδαιότητα της κατάρτισης κατά τη διάρκεια της εργασίας. Επιπλέον εξετάσαμε τα κίνητρα που ωθούν τους φοιτητές να επιλέξουν τη διδασκαλία των Αγγλικών στην Ελλάδα ως επάγγελμα. Τα κίνητρα ερευνήθηκαν σε σχέση με την εγγενή αξία, τα εργασιακά οφέλη, τις ουσιαστικές εργασιακές σχέσεις, τις ανιδιοτελείς απόψεις, τις ικανότητές τους καθώς και τις ευκαιρίες που θεωρούν ότι θα έχουν σαν μελλοντικοί καθηγητές Αγγλικών στην Ελλάδα. Επιπρόσθετα, εξετάσαμε τις ομοιότητες και τις διαφορές στις απόψεις των φοιτητών που είχαν παρακολουθήσει το μάθημα της Πρακτικής στη Διδασκαλία της Αγγλικής ως Ξένης Γλώσσας και σε αυτούς που δεν το είχαν παρακολουθήσει.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of the beliefs about teaching English as a profession of students in the School of English in the Aristotle University in Thessaloniki. We investigated what they believe in relation to career dedication, their personal development, learning approaches, working conditions, income and social status and the importance of training when one enters the profession. Moreover, we examined the motivation of those students to become teachers of English in Greece. The participants’ motivation was examined in terms of intrinsic value, job benefits, meaningful relationships, altruistic views, abilities and opportunities. Furthermore, we examined the similarities and differences in terms of beliefs and motivation to choose teaching English as a career among students who have attended the Practice in Teaching English as a Foreign Language course and those who have not attended it.
Precision Measurement of Optical Pulsation using a Cherenkov Telescope
Creators: name: Hinton, J. A.
name: Hermann, G.
name: Kroetz, P.
name: Funk, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During 2003, a camera designed to measure the optical pulsations of pulsars was installed on a telescope of the H.E.S.S. array. The array is designed for gamma-ray astronomy in the ~100 GeV - 100 TeV energy regime. The aims of this exercise were two-fold: to prove the pulsar timing capabilities of H.E.S.S. on all relevant time-scales, and to explore the possibility of performing sensitive optical pulsar measurements using the ~100 m^2 mirror of a Cherenkov telescope. Measurements of the Crab pulsar with this instrument demonstrate an order of magnitude sensitivity improvement over previous attempts using Cherenkov telescopes. Here we describe the design and performance of the system and discuss design considerations for future instruments of this type.
description: Accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics, 14 pages, 7 figures
Causal Inference in Transcriptome-Wide Association Studies with Invalid Instruments and GWAS Summary Data
Creators: name: Xue, Haoran
name: Shen, Xiaotong
name: Pan, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Transcriptome-Wide Association Studies (TWAS) have recently emerged as a popular tool to discover (putative) causal genes by integrating an outcome GWAS dataset with another gene expression/transcriptome GWAS (called eQTL) dataset. In our motivating and target application, we’d like to identify causal genes for Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), which is crucial for developing new treatments for hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. The statistical principle underlying TWAS is (two-sample) two-stage least squares (2SLS) using multiple correlated SNPs as instrumental variables (IVs); it is closely related to typical (two-sample) Mendelian randomization (MR) using independent SNPs as IVs, which is expected to be impractical and lower-powered for TWAS (and some other) applications. However, often some of the SNPs used may not be valid IVs, for example, due to the widespread pleiotropy of their direct effects on the outcome not mediated through the gene of interest, leading to false conclusions by TWAS (or MR). Building on recent advances in sparse regression, we propose a robust and efficient inferential method to account for both hidden confounding and some invalid IVs via two-stage constrained maximum likelihood (2ScML), an extension of 2SLS. We first develop the proposed method with individual-level data, then extend it both theoretically and computationally to GWAS summary data for the most popular two-sample TWAS design, to which almost all existing robust IV regression methods are however not applicable. We show that the proposed method achieves asymptotically valid statistical inference on causal effects, demonstrating its wider applicability and superior finite-sample performance over the standard 2SLS/TWAS (and MR). We apply the methods to identify putative causal genes for LDL by integrating large-scale lipid GWAS summary data with eQTL data. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Magnetic-field dependence of valley splitting for Si quantum wells grown on tilted SiGe substrates
Creators: name: Lee, Seungwon
name: von Allmen, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The valley splitting of the first few Landau levels is calculated as a function of the magnetic field for electrons confined in a strained silicon quantum well grown on a tilted SiGe substrate, using a parameterized tight-binding method. For a zero substrate tilt angle, the valley splitting slightly decreases with increasing magnetic field. In contrast, the valley splitting for a finite substrate tilt angle exhibits a strong and non-monotonous dependence on the magnetic field strength. The valley splitting of the first Landau level shows an exponential increase followed by a slow saturation as the magnetic field strength increases. The valley splitting of the second and third Landau levels shows an oscillatory behavior. The non-monotonous dependence is explained by the phase variation of the Landau level wave function along the washboard-like interface between the tilted quantum well and the buffer material. The phase variation is the direct consequence of the misorientation between the crystal axis and the confinement direction of the quantum well. This result suggests that the magnitude of the valley splitting can be tuned by controlling the Landau-level filling factor through the magnetic field and the doping concentration.
Scalar-graviton interaction in the noncommutative space
Creators: name: Brandt, F. T.
name: Elias-Filho, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the leading order interaction between the graviton and the neutral scalar boson in the context of noncommutative field theory. Our approach makes use of the Ward identity associated with the invariance under a subgroup of symplectic diffeomorphisms.
description: Final version to be published in Physical Review D (corrected references)
Targeted metabolomics reveals differential biological effects of nanoplastics and nanoZnO in human lung cells
Creators: name: Lim, Swee Ling
name: Ng, Cheng Teng
name: Zou, Li
name: Lu, Yonghai
name: Chen, Jiaqing
name: Huat Bay, Boon
name: Shen, Han-Ming
name: Ong, Choon Nam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Engineered nanomaterials are of public health concern. Recently, there has been an increasing attention on the toxicity of nanoplastics and nanoZnO because of their increasing utilization and presence in the environment. However, knowledge of their toxicological behavior and metabolic interactions with the cellular machinery that determine their potential health effects are extremely limited. In this study, the cellular uptake, cytotoxic effects, and metabolic responses of bronchus epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells exposed to nanopolystyrene (nanoPS) and a widely used metallic nanoparticle, nanoZnO, were investigated using a tandem mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach. The results revealed that even with low cytotoxicity, these nanoparticles (NPs) affected cell metabolism. NanoPS exposure showed autophagic- and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related metabolic changes such as increased in amino acids and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) intermediate metabolites, a process known to play a critical role in regulating cell resistance to cytotoxic effects. Both metabolomics profiling and ER-stress pathway, together with quantitative real-time RT-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analyses, demonstrated that autophagy was reciprocally regulated to couple metabolic and transcriptional reprograming. In contrast, nanoZnO-induced ROS-mediated cell death was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and interference in regulating energy metabolism. Collectively, these two types of NPs were observed to cause perturbations albeit differential in cellular metabolism associated with their cytotoxic effects. Our findings provided an in depth understanding of metabolic changes influenced by two different types of NPs, with contrasting molecular mechanisms for the adverse effects observed.
’Σχεδιασμός και ανάπτυξη διαδικτυακού πληροφοριακού συστήματος για οργάνωση δεδομένων δασικής παραγωγής : η περίπτωση του όρους Πάϊκου
Creators: name: Τζάκος, Γεώργιος Αντωνίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: Διαδίκτυο
Πάϊκο
Τάσεις υλοτομίας
Internet
Paiko
Logging trends

description: Ο σκοπός της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι ο σχεδιασμός και η ανάπτυξη διαδικτυακού πληροφοριακού συστήματος για οργάνωση δεδομένων δασικής παραγωγής στο Όρος Πάϊκο, που θα ενσωματώσει όλες τις απαραίτητες λειτουργίες και ευκολίες τόσο για τον απλό επισκέπτη της ιστοσελίδας όσο και για τον διαχειριστή δασικών προϊόντων . Απαραίτητη προϋπόθεση είναι η χρήση εργαλείων λογισμικού “ ανοικτού κώδικα”. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, ο σκοπός της κατασκευής του διαδικτυακού πληροφοριακού συστήματος μπορεί να εστιάσει στη παροχή γενικών πληροφοριών για το όρος Πάϊκο όπως π.χ. θέση, συνθήκες ιδιοκτησίας, γεωλογία – ανάγλυφο, τοπογραφία, κλίμα, έδαφος χλωρίδα, πανίδα κ.τ.λ. Επίσης θα μπορεί να δώσει στοιχεία σχετικά με την δασική παραγωγή στο όρος Πάϊκο όπως η ποσότητα του κάθε δασοπονικού είδους που υλοτομήθηκε σε κ.μ. για κάθε έτος καθώς και η τιμή διάθεσης αυτού στην αγορά. Τέλος στόχος του συγκεκριμένου διαδικτυακού πληροφοριακού συστήματος θα είναι η παρουσίαση των προβλέψεων των τάσεων υλοτομίας των κύριων δασοπονικών ειδών που υλοτομούνται στο όρος Πάϊκο που είναι η οξιά και η πλατύφυλλη δρυς.
description: The purpose of this dissertation is the design and development of web information system for organization of forest production data Mount Paiko, which will incorporate all the necessary features and amenities for both the casual visitor of the website and for the forest products manager. A prerequisite is the use of software tools "open source". in particular, the development of this information system to focus on the delivery of general information about Mount Paiko, such as position, property conditions, geology-anaglyph, topography, climate,soil flora, fauna, etc. In addition, it can provide evidence relating to the forest production in Mount Paiko such as the quantity of each forestry species that was logged in harvested km per year as well as their market vallue. To conclud, the final objective of this online information system is to provide the projection of logging trends of the main forestry species that are being logged in Mount Paiko, which are fagus and quercus fraineto.
Iterated Integrals and higher order automorphic forms
Creators: name: Diamantis, Nikolaos
name: Sreekantan, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F11, 14C30

description: Higher order automorphic forms have recently been introduced to study important questions in number theory and mathematical physics. We investigate the connection between these functions and Chen's iterated integrals. Then using Chen's theory, we prove a structure theorem for automorphic forms of all orders. This allows us to define an analogue of a mixed Hodge structure on a space of higher order automorphic forms.
description: 12 pages
GRB progenitors and their environments
Creators: name: Lazzati, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of supernova features in the late spectra of several gamma-ray burst afterglows has shown that at least a fraction of long-duration gamma-ray bursts are associated to the final evolutionary stages of massive stars. Such direct observations are impossible for bursts located at redshift beyond z~0.5 and different methods must be used to understand the nature and properties of their progenitors. We review the observational evidence for two particular bursts, for which high quality data are available: GRB 021004 (at z=2.323) and the record redshift GRB 050904 (at z=6.29). We show that both GRBs are likely to be associated to very massive stars, and that in both cases the progenitor stars were able to modify their immediate environments with their radiative and mechanic (wind) luminosity.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the conference "The multicoloured landscape of compact objects and their explosive origins", Cefalu', Italy, June 11-24 2006
Critical properties and finite--size estimates for the depinning transition of directed random polymers
Creators: name: Toninelli, F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider models of directed random polymers interacting with a defect line, which are known to undergo a pinning/depinning (or localization/delocalization) phase transition. We are interested in critical properties and we prove, in particular, finite--size upper bounds on the order parameter (the {\em contact fraction}) in a window around the critical point, shrinking with the system size. Moreover, we derive a new inequality relating the free energy $\tf$ and an annealed exponent $μ$ which describes extreme fluctuations of the polymer in the localized region. For the particular case of a $(1+1)$--dimensional interface wetting model, we show that this implies an inequality between the critical exponents which govern the divergence of the disorder--averaged correlation length and of the typical one. Our results are based on on the recently proven smoothness property of the depinning transition in presence of quenched disorder and on concentration of measure ideas.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure; accepted for publication on J. Stat. Phys
Pinching of the First Eigenvalue of the Laplacian and almost-Einstein Hypersurfaces of the Euclidean Space
Creators: name: Roth, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A07, 53C20, 53C21, 58C40

description: In this paper, we prove new pinching theorems for the first eigenvalue of the Laplacian on compact hypersurfaces of the Euclidean space. These pinching results are associated with the upper bound for the first eigenvalue in terms of higher order mean curvatures. We show that under a suitable pinching condition, the hypersurface is diffeomorpic and almost isometric to a standard sphere. Moreover, as a corollary, we show that a hypersurface of the Euclidean space which is almost Einstein is diffeomorpic and almost isometric to a standard sphere.
description: 18 pages
Vacuum fluctuations and the spin current in mesoscopic structures with collinear magnetic order
Creators: name: Dugaev, Vitalii K.
name: Bruno, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in magnetic nanostructures with a homogeneous magnetic order, the equilibrium spin current can be nonzero. For example, this is the case of a wide magnetic ring with the magnetization along the ring axis. The physical reason of this effect is a variation of the orientation of anisotropy axis inducing a spin torque acting on the magnetic ions. The mechanism of the spin current generation is related to the quantum vacuum fluctuations in the magnetic system.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Στρατηγικές ανάγνωσης ειδικών κειμένων οικονομικής ορολογίας από δίγλωσσους μαθητές της Δευτεροβάθμιας Επαγγελματικής Εκπαίδευσης
Creators: name: Φωτιάδου, Ευθυμία Θεμιστοκλή
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: Στρατηγικές ανάγνωσης
διγλωσσία
κείμενα οικονομικής ορολογίας
Δευτεροβάθμια Επαγγελματική Εκπαίδευση
Reading strategies
bilingualism
specific texts with economic terminology
Secondary Vocational Education

description: Βασικός σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η καταγραφή των στρατηγικών ανάγνωσης που χρησιμοποιούν οι δίγλωσσοι μαθητές της Δευτεροβάθμιας Επαγγελματικής Εκπαίδευσης, όταν μελετούν ειδικά κείμενα οικονομικής ορολογίας στην Ελληνική γλώσσα, καθώς και η καταγραφή των δυσκολιών που αντιμετωπίζουν οι μαθητές, κατά την ανάγνωση των κειμένων αυτών. Η καταγραφή των στρατηγικών ανάγνωσης έγινε σύμφωνα με την ταξινομία των Mokhtari και Sheorey (2002), οι οποίοι αναφέρονται στις σφαιρικές στρατηγικές, στις στρατηγικές υποστήριξης και επίλυσης προβλημάτων. Η έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε στο 2ο Επαγγελματικό Λύκειο Πτολεμαΐδας, κατά το σχολικό έτος 2015-2016 και συμμετείχαν 29 δίγλωσσοι μαθητές και μαθήτριες που φοιτούν στην Α΄, Β΄ και Γ΄ τάξη και έχουν επιλέξει τον Τομέα Σπουδών Διοίκησης και Οικονομίας. Για τη συλλογή πληροφοριών σχετικά με το προφίλ των μαθητών, χρησιμοποιήθηκε το Φυλλάδιο καταγραφής του προφίλ του μαθητή, ενώ για τη συλλογή των ποιοτικών δεδομένων εφαρμόστηκε η τεχνική της Προφορικής Εξωτερίκευσης (think aloud process) και των Ανασκοπικών Συνεντεύξεων. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν ότι οι δίγλωσσοι μαθητές αντιμετωπίζουν αναγνωστικές δυσκολίες και χρησιμοποιούν, κατά την ανάγνωση ειδικών κειμένων με οικονομικούς όρους, ως επί το πλείστον, τις στρατηγικές υποστήριξης, σε μικρότερη συχνότητα τις σφαιρικές στρατηγικές και τέλος, τις στρατηγικές επίλυσης προβλημάτων.
description: Main purpose of the current diploma thesis was the registration of reading strategies bilingual students of Secondary Vocational Education use during the study of Specific texts with economic terminology in Greek language, as well as the recording of difficulties they come up with as they read these texts. The list of reading strategies has been drawn up according the Mokhtari and Sheorey taxonomy (2002), which concerns global strategies, support and problem solving strategies. The research was carried out at the 2nd Vocational School of Ptolemaida, during the school year 2015-2016, where 29 bilingual students of A, B and C classes participated and who had chosen the Management and Economy field study. A recording questionnaire was used to collect information about students profile; as for the collection of quality data the technique of Verbal Expressiveness (think aloud process) and Retrospective interviews was chosen. The results of the research have shown that bilingual students come up with reading difficulties as the read specific texts with economic terms and that they use mostly support strategies, less frequently, global strategies and, lastly problem solving strategies.
description: Σε συνεργασία με το Παιδαγωγικό Τμήμα Νηπιαγωγών (Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Μακεδονίας)
constclust: Consistent clusters for scRNA-seq
Creators: name: Virshup, Isaac
name: Jarny Choi
name: Bower, Neil
name: Hogan, Ben
name: Kim-Anh Le Cao
name: Wells, Christine
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Unsupervised clustering to identify distinct cell types is a crucial early step in analyses of scRNAseq data. Current methods are dependent on a number of parameters, whose effect on the resulting solution's accuracy and reproducibility are frequently uncharacterized – resulting in ad-hoc selection by users. constclust is a novel meta-clustering method based on the idea that if the data contains distinct groups which a clustering method can identify, those clusters should be robust to small changes in parameters. By reconciling solutions from state-of-the-art clustering methods over multiple parameters, we can identify locally robust clusters of cells and the regions of parameter space that identified them. As these consistent clusters are found at different levels of resolution, constclust reveals multilevel structure of cellular identity. Additionally constclust requires significantly fewer computational resources than current consensus clustering methods for scRNAseq data. We demonstrate the accuracy and performance of constclust as part of the analyses workflow, including applications in identifying cell types across multiple datasets when combined with manifold integration methods. constclust is available at https://github.com/ivirshup/constclust.
Hybrid Formalism, Supersymmetry Reduction, and Ramond-Ramond Fluxes
Creators: name: Linch, William D.
name: Vallilo, Brenno Carlini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supersymmetric hybrid formalism for Type II strings is used to study partial supersymmetry breaking in four and three dimensions. We use worldsheet techniques to derive effects of internal Ramond-Ramond fluxes such as torsions, superpotentials and warping.
description: Harvmac. No figures
William Vander Zalm to Rita Johnston : the 1991 leadership choice of the Social Credit Party of British Columbia
Creators: name: Schmidt, Kenneth J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The traditional objectives of leadership conventions have been two-fold; First, the choice of a new party leader; second, the reaffirmation and renewal of party activists as well as unification of them behind the newly chosen leader. This thesis analyzes the Social Credit party leadership selection process with particular focus on the 1991 leadership convention. The study draws upon data and written material with respect to the 1986 leadership convention, but primarily information gathered from an extensive survey of behavior and attitudes of the nearly 1900 delegates to the 1991 leadership convention as well as newspapers and personal observation and interviews with attendees. It explores how the Social Credit party tried but failed to achieve both of the traditional objectives with their 1991 leadership convention. They chose a new party leader. However, entering the 1991 convention, the party was divided by numerous rifts which had developed during the 1986 leadership convention and since that event. Rather than heal the rifts, the 1991 leadership convention exacerbated them. Thus, as the 1991 leadership convention closed the party was more divided than when the year's leadership politics had begun.
A New Lorentz Violating Nonlocal Field Theory From String-Theory
Creators: name: Ganor, Ori J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A four-dimensional field theory with a qualitatively new type of nonlocality is constructed from a setting where Kaluza-Klein particles probe toroidally compactified string theory with twisted boundary conditions. In this theory fundamental particles are not pointlike and occupy a volume proportional to their R-charge. The theory breaks Lorentz invariance but appears to preserve spatial rotations. At low energies, it is approximately N=4 Super Yang-Mills theory, deformed by an operator of dimension seven. The dispersion relation of massless modes in vacuum is unchanged, but under certain conditions in this theory, particles can travel at superluminal velocities.
description: references added
Computations of Floer Homology for certain Lagrangian Tori in closed 4-manifolds
Creators: name: Knapp, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D12; 57R52

description: We compute the Lagrangian Floer cohomology groups of certain tori in closed simply connected symplectic 4-manifolds arising from Fintushel-Stern knot surgery. These manifolds are usually not symplectically aspherical. As a result of the computation we observe examples where $HF(L_0)\cong HF(L_1)$ and $L_0$ and $L_1$ are smoothly isotopic but $L_0,L_1$ are not symplectically isotopic and are distinguished by $HF(L_0,L_1)$.
description: changes based on reviewer's comments
Crossing through the European Dystopia. A hypothesis for the recostruction of Europe.
Creators: name: Βράντσης, Νικόλαος Θωμά
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: Έξοδος (κατά Αλμπερτ Χίρσμαν)
Φωνή (κατά Αλμπερτ Χίρσμαν)
Μοναξιά (κατά Αλμπερτ Χίρσμαν)
Μεταδημοκρατία
Μαζική κουλτούρα
Ακροδεξιά
Exit (According to Albert Hirschmann)
Voice (According to Albert Hirschmann)
Loneliness (According to Albert Hirschmann)
Post/democracy
Mass culture
Far/right

description: This dissertation examines elements, practices and relations that constitute the European post-democratic zeitgeist. It uses Hirschman’s concepts of Exit and Voice to examine expressions of contemporary imbalance between politics & economy and sketches possible connections of this imbalance with mainstream practices such as consumerism, web obsession and phenomena of violence. Initially, it examines the possible impact of this imbalance between politics & economy on the individual and how it could be connected with feelings of loneliness and powerlessness. Then it examines how this imbalance may affect traditional political institutions. Finally it suggests the construction of a post-state political space that may provide a possible exodus. Trying to overcome the objections upon the existent difficulties of the suggested post-state formation, it tries to decode the reasons for the rise of far-right movements all over Europe.
description: Αυτή η εργασία εξετάζει στοιχεία, πρακτικές και σχέσεις που συγκροτούν την ευρωπαϊκή, μεταδημοκρατική ατμόσφαιρα. Χρησιμοποιεί τις έννοιες της Εξόδου και της Φωνής από τα έργα του Albert Hirschman, για να εξετάσει τις εκδηλώσεις της σύγχρονης ανισορροπίας ανάμεσα στην πολιτική και την οικονομία και χαρτογραφεί πιθανές συνδέσεις αυτής της ανισορροπίας με σύγχρονες πρακτικές όπως ο καταναλωτισμός, η διαδικτυακή εμμονή και τα φαινόμενα βίας. Αρχικά εξετάζει τον πιθανό αντίκτυπο αυτής της ανισορροπίας, ανάμεσα στην πολιτική και την οικονομία, πάνω στο υποκείμενο και το πώς μπορεί να συνδεθεί με αισθήματα μοναξιάς και αδυναμίας. Έπειτα εξετάζει τις πιθανές επιπτώσεις αυτής της ανισορροπίας στους παραδοσιακούς πολιτικούς θεσμούς. Τέλος, προτείνει την κατασκευή ενός, μεγαλύτερο του κρατικού, πολιτικού χώρου, που θα μπορούσε να αποτελέσει μια έξοδο. Προσπαθώντας να ξεπεράσει ενστάσεις πάνω στις υπαρκτές δυσκολίες της προτεινόμενης κατασκευής, επιχειρεί να αποκωδικοποιήσει τους λόγους της ανόδου ακροδεξιών κινημάτων σε ολόκληρη την Ευρώπη.
Optical Albedo Theory of Strongly-Irradiated Giant Planets: The Case of HD 209458b
Creators: name: Burrows, A.
name: Ibgui, L.
name: Hubeny, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate a new suite of albedo models for close-in extrasolar giant planets and compare with the recent stringent upper limit for HD 209458b of Rowe et al. using MOST. We find that all models without scattering clouds are consistent with this optical limit. We explore the dependence on wavelength and waveband, metallicity, the degree of heat redistribution, and the possible presence of thermal inversions and find a rich diversity of behaviors. Measurements of transiting extrasolar giant planets (EGPs) at short wavelengths by MOST, Kepler, and CoRoT, as well as by proposed dedicated multi-band missions, can complement measurements in the near- and mid-IR using {\it Spitzer} and JWST. Collectively, such measurements can help determine metallicity, compositions, atmospheric temperatures, and the cause of thermal inversions (when they arise) for EGPs with a broad range of radii, masses, degrees of stellar insolation, and ages. With this paper, we reappraise and highlight the diagnostic potential of albedo measurements of hot EGPs shortward of $\sim$1.3 $μ$m.
description: 6 pages, 1 table, 1 color figure; accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Astro-WISE: Chaining to the Universe
Creators: name: Valentijn, Edwin A.
name: McFarland, John P.
name: Snigula, Jan
name: Begeman, Kor G.
name: Boxhoorn, Danny R.
name: Rengelink, Roeland
name: Helmich, Ewout
name: Heraudeau, Philippe
name: Kleijn, Gijs Verdoes
name: Vermeij, Ronald
name: Vriend, Willem-Jan
name: Tempelaar, Michiel J.
name: Deul, Erik
name: Kuijken, Konrad
name: Capaccioli, Massimo
name: Silvotti, Roberto
name: Bender, Ralf
name: Neeser, Mark
name: Saglia, Roberto
name: Bertin, Emmanuel
name: Mellier, Yannick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent explosion of recorded digital data and its processed derivatives threatens to overwhelm researchers when analysing their experimental data or when looking up data items in archives and file systems. While current hardware developments allow to acquire, process and store 100s of terabytes of data at the cost of a modern sports car, the software systems to handle these data are lagging behind. This general problem is recognized and addressed by various scientific communities, e.g., DATAGRID/EGEE federates compute and storage power over the high-energy physical community, while the astronomical community is building an Internet geared Virtual Observatory, connecting archival data. These large projects either focus on a specific distribution aspect or aim to connect many sub-communities and have a relatively long trajectory for setting standards and a common layer. Here, we report "first light" of a very different solution to the problem initiated by a smaller astronomical IT community. It provides the abstract "scientific information layer" which integrates distributed scientific analysis with distributed processing and federated archiving and publishing. By designing new abstractions and mixing in old ones, a Science Information System with fully scalable cornerstones has been achieved, transforming data systems into knowledge systems. This break-through is facilitated by the full end-to-end linking of all dependent data items, which allows full backward chaining from the observer/researcher to the experiment. Key is the notion that information is intrinsic in nature and thus is the data acquired by a scientific experiment. The new abstraction is that software systems guide the user to that intrinsic information by forcing full backward and forward chaining in the data modelling.
description: To be published in ADASS XVI ASP Conference Series, 2006, R. Shaw, F. Hill and D. Bell, eds
Selective memory impairments produced by transient lidocaine-induced lesions of the nucleus accumbens
Creators: name: Seamans, Jeremy Keith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Anatomical studies have identified major efferent pathways from the hippocampus to the nucleus accumbens (N.Acc.), but the functional significance of this interaction remains unclear. The delayed spatial win-shift radial arm maze task has been used as a selective behavioral measure of damage to the hippocampal system, whereas the cued win-stay version of this task is unaffected by hippocampal lesions, but is disrupted by lesions in the dorsal striatum. The present study utilized these two procedures, along with reversible lidocaine-induced lesions of the N.Acc., to determine whether the N.Acc. is part of the extra-hippocampal system that subserves efficient memory-based foraging behavior. These lesions impaired performance on the spatial win-shift but not the cued win-stay task. Pre-training lesions on the spatial win-shift task did not affect foraging for four pellets during either the training or test phases of the experiment. In contrast, lidocaine-induced lesions, given prior to the test-phase, significantly disrupted retrieval of four pellets on the 8-arm maze. Comparable deficits also were observed in animals trained to forage efficiently for four pellets on an 8-arm maze, without prior win-shift experience. State-dependent drug effects were ruled out by replicating the disruptive effects of lidocaine-infusions into the N.Acc. on spatial win-shift performance in animals receiving this treatment prior to both training and test phases. Collectively, these results indicate that the N.Acc. interacts with the hippocampus in guiding spatial win-shift behavior by allowing information about previously visited spatial locations to influence foraging in a complex radial arm maze environment.
A Decomposition of Schur functions and an analogue of the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth Algorithm
Creators: name: Mason, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05; 05E10

description: We exhibit a weight-preserving bijection between semi-standard Young tableaux and semi-skyline augmented fillings to provide a combinatorial proof that the Schur functions decompose into nonsymmetric functions indexed by compositions. The insertion procedure involved in the proof leads to an analogue of the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth Algorithm for semi-skyline augmented fillings. This procedure commutes with the RSK algorithm, and therefore retains many of its properties.
description: 24 pages; restructured; see journal for comment on connections to Demazure characters