cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implementing an ICU diary program in the cardiovascular ICU
Creators: name: Royal, Sandia
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: The purpose of this performance improvement project is to implement an ICU diary program in the cardiovascular intensive care unit and assess its impact on communication, and patient safety including fall and length of stay. Methods: This performance improvement project used a survey approach to determine family member’s satisfaction with care in the ICU. Family members of patients meeting criteria were approached to participate in the project. Eight eligible family members of patients in the ICU were consented over a three-month period. One survey was returned. A statistical analysis was not completed due to low survey yield. Results: During the project period there was a surge in the COVID omicron variant. This resulted in several months of suspended visitation in the organization. Visitation restrictions in the face of a global pandemic impacted the number of participants which may have contributed to the low survey yield. Implication for practice Given the timeframe and the impact of a global pandemic the overall outcome of the project was unsuccessful in being able to assess the diary program’s impact on the data metrics selected. This was a small performance improvement project with a low yield, the project must be revisited when conditions are more appropriate to determine the impact if any on the identified metrics.
Additional file 1 of Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on the decision making of patients in undergoing gamma knife radiosurgery
Creators: name: Shen, Chiung-Chyi
name: Jiang, Rong-San
name: Yang, Men-Yin
name: You, Weir-Chiang
name: Sun, Ming-Hsi
name: Sheu, Meei-Ling
name: Pan, Liang-Yi
name: Sheehan, Jason
name: Pan, Hung-Chuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table 1S. Risk factors analysis for the patient with longer time interval from diagnosis to GK consultation (>21 days, anterior tripartition). Table 2S. Risk factors analysis for the patient with longer time interval from diagnosis to GK treatment (>45 days, anterior tripartition). Table 3S. Risk factors analysis for the patient with longer time interval during GK treatment (>5.5 h, anterior tripartition). Table 4S. Risk factors analysis for the patient with increased OPD frequency (>14 times/year, anterior tripartition). Table 5S. Risk factors analysis for the patient with increased MRI frequency (>2 times/year, anterior tripartition).
Polymorphisms in DNA repair genes, traffic-related polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure and breast cancer incidence: Polymorphisms in DNA
Creators: name: Steck, Susan E.
name: Beyea, Jan
name: Santella, Regina M.
name: Shantakumar, Sumitra
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Engel, Lawrence S.
name: Herring, Amy H.
name: Stellman, Steven D.
name: Millikan, Robert C.
name: Rossner, Pavel
name: Mordukhovich, Irina
name: Hatch, Maureen
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Richardson, David B.
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Vehicular traffic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been associated with breast cancer incidence in epidemiologic studies, including our own. Because PAHs damage DNA by forming adducts and oxidative lesions, genetic polymorphisms that alter DNA repair capacity may modify associations between PAH-related exposures and breast cancer risk. Our goal was to examine the association between vehicular traffic exposure and breast cancer incidence within strata of a panel of nine biologically plausible nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER) genotypes. Residential histories of 1,508 cases and 1,556 controls were assessed in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project between 1996 and 1997 and used to reconstruct residential traffic exposures to benzo[a]pyrene, as a proxy for traffic-related PAHs. Likelihood ratio tests from adjusted unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess multiplicative interactions. A gene-traffic interaction was evident (p = 0.04) for ERCC2 (Lys751); when comparing the upper and lower tertiles of 1995 traffic exposure estimates, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 2.09 (1.13, 3.90) among women with homozygous variant alleles. Corresponding odds ratios for 1960–1990 traffic were also elevated nearly 2–3-fold for XRCC1 (Arg194Trp), XRCC1(Arg399Gln) and OGG1(-Ser326Cys), but formal multiplicative interaction was not evident. When DNA repair variants for ERCC2, XRCC1 and OGG1 were combined, among women with 4–6 variants, the odds ratios were 2.32 (1.22, 4.49) for 1995 traffic and 2.96 (1.06, 8.21) for 1960–1990 traffic. Our study is first to report positive associations between traffic-related PAH exposure and breast cancer incidence among women with select biologically plausible DNA repair genotypes.
Improving L&D nurses’ emergency response through implementation of biweekly simulation
Creators: name: Llaurado, Linet
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: Due to reports about patients' adverse outcomes and malpractice cases in the United States, there is an immediate need for inexperienced staff education and training. This quality improvement project aimed to implement frequent obstetric simulations to enhance novice nurses' self-efficacy.Methodology: This quality improvement project was conducted in a labor and delivery unit located in a large teaching hospital in central New Jersey. Participants were selected with the help of the perinatal educator and the unit's manager. Bandura's General Self-Efficacy Scale Survey was distributed to all participants before and after the simulations. Results were stored in RedCap and analyzed using SPSS through Rutgers University. At the end of the project, the investigators were able to see if nurses feel more confident about their emergency response during obstetric emergencies.Results: Ten participants were invited to participate in the project; seven were enrolled. The mean Bandura's General Self-Efficacy Scale Survey scores had a 2.55-point increase when comparing pre-intervention and post-intervention scores, indicating increased self-efficacy. The Paired T-test was used to compare means from pre-and post-survey for each simulation. No statistically significant results were found, but the clinical results were significant, without a doubt. Implications: Institutions like hospitals can and should implement frequent in situ simulations to enhance staff self-efficacy and increase rapid response to emergency and life-threatening situations, leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced malpractice and medical errors.
title: Fair Trade An Analysis of the Effects on Poverty Alleviation and Empowerment for Women in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Lora, Maribel Concepcion
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This thesis approaches the economic development model of Fair Trade with a critical analysis on determining its success in alleviating poverty and empowering women of the developing world. Because international labor regulations are not consistently enforced in all producer countries, the Fair Trade model has established labor standards that ensure above all, a fair wage and safe working conditions for producers participating in the international market. As a recent strategy of economic development, Fair Trade has made great strides to empower poor producers in impoverished countries; however there has been limited analysis focused on its impact for improving the quality of life for women producers. Women involved in the handcraft industry are of particular importance since this type of labor allows for the flexibility needed for them to meet the demands of their dual roles at home and in the labor force. This is accomplished in a two-fold process; the first step is outlining the intended benefits of Fair Trade pertaining to women's lives in theory; and the second step is testing these benefits in practice by examining cases of both success and failure. As a result, Fair Trade proves to be successful in certain aspects, such as an increase in market access; however, there are major gaps in the current model that ignore crucial challenges affecting impoverished women in the developing world. Therefore, a clear conclusion is difficult to be decided upon, which requires further research.
Polymorphisms in genes in the androgen pathway and risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Fitzgerald, Rebecca C.
name: Westberg, Lars
name: Ye, Weimin
name: Shaheen, Nicholas J.
name: Hardie, Laura J.
name: Liu, Geoffrey
name: Levine, David
name: Lagergren, Jesper
name: Vaughan, Thomas L.
name: Lagergren, Katarina
name: Wu, Anna H.
name: Romero, Yvonne
name: Bird, Nigel C.
name: Chow, Wong-Ho
name: Bernstein, Leslie
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Abnet, Christian C.
name: Ek, Weronica E.
name: Cook, Michael
name: Risch, Harvey A.
name: Whiteman, David C.
name: Corley, Douglas A.
name: MacGregor, Stuart
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The strong male predominance in Barrett's esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) remains inadequately explained, but sex hormones might be involved. We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the androgen pathway influence risk of developing BE and EAC. This genetic-epidemiological analysis included 14 studies from Australia, Europe and North America. Polymorphisms in 16 genes coding for the androgen pathway were analyzed using a gene-based approach: versatile gene-based test association study. This method evaluates associations between a trait and all SNPs within a specific gene rather than each SNP marker individually as in a conventional GWAS. The data were stratified for sex, body-mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, tobacco smoking and gastroesophageal reflux status. Included were data from 1,508 EAC patients, 2,383 BE patients and 2,170 control participants. SNPs within the gene CYP17A1 were associated with risk of BE in the sexes combined (p = 0.002) and in males (p = 0.003), but not in females separately (p = 0.3). This association was found in tobacco smokers (p = 0.003) and in BE patients without reflux (p = 0.004), but not in nonsmokers (p = 0.2) or those with reflux (p = 0.036). SNPs within JMJD1C were associated with risk of EAC in females (p = 0.001). However, none of these associations replicated in a subsequent sample. Fourteen other genes studied did not reach statistically significant levels of association with BE, EAC or the combination of BE and EAC, after correcting for the number of genes included in the analysis. In conclusion, genetic variants in the androgen-related genes CYP17A1 and JMJD1C might be associated with risk of BE and EAC, respectively, but replication data with larger sample sizes are needed.
5d fixed points from brane webs and O7-planes
Creators: name: Bergman, Oren
name: Zafrir, Gabi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the properties of five-dimensional supersymmetric gauge theories living on 5-brane webs in orientifold 7-plane backgrounds. These include $USp(2N)$ and $SO(N)$ gauge theories with fundamental matter, as well as $SU(N)$ gauge theories with symmetric and antisymmetric matter. We find a number of new 5d fixed point theories that feature enhanced global symmetries. We also exhibit a number of new 5d dualities.
description: 31 pages, 25 figures; v2 typos corrected
Similarity of symbol frequency distributions with heavy tails
Creators: name: Gerlach, Martin
name: Font-Clos, Francesc
name: Altmann, Eduardo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantifying the similarity between symbolic sequences is a traditional problem in Information Theory which requires comparing the frequencies of symbols in different sequences. In numerous modern applications, ranging from DNA over music to texts, the distribution of symbol frequencies is characterized by heavy-tailed distributions (e.g., Zipf's law). The large number of low-frequency symbols in these distributions poses major difficulties to the estimation of the similarity between sequences, e.g., they hinder an accurate finite-size estimation of entropies. Here we show analytically how the systematic (bias) and statistical (fluctuations) errors in these estimations depend on the sample size~$N$ and on the exponent~$γ$ of the heavy-tailed distribution. Our results are valid for the Shannon entropy $(α=1)$, its corresponding similarity measures (e.g., the Jensen-Shanon divergence), and also for measures based on the generalized entropy of order $α$. For small $α$'s, including $α=1$, the errors decay slower than the $1/N$-decay observed in short-tailed distributions. For $α$ larger than a critical value $α^* = 1+1/γ\leq 2$, the $1/N$-decay is recovered. We show the practical significance of our results by quantifying the evolution of the English language over the last two centuries using a complete $α$-spectrum of measures. We find that frequent words change more slowly than less frequent words and that $α=2$ provides the most robust measure to quantify language change.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Improving the Accuracy of a Real-Time ADCIRC Storm Surge Downscaling Model
Creators: name: Rucker, Carter
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: To achieve the goal of improving the accuracy and applicability of real time storm surge downscaling methods:
1. Evaluate the accuracy of the existing static downscaling method 
2. Increase the applicability of the downscaling code
3. Develop and evaluate a method that downscales water levels using the water surface slope
4. Develop and evaluate a downscaling method that includes head losses due to land cover
Using a Multi-Resolution Approach to Improve the Accuracy and Efficiency of Flooding Predictions
Creators: name: Dawson, C.N.
name: Thomas, Ajimon
name: Dietrich, J.C.
name: Loveland, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Main Objectives
• Reduce the computational load by using a coarser resolution mesh when the storm track is uncertain
• Increase the accuracy of predictions by using a higher resolution mesh as the storm approaches landfall
• Increase the simulation possibilities including ensemble generation during operational forecasting
Development, implementation, and evaluation of a preoperative peripheral nerve block and sedation protocol
Creators: name: Lamberty, Sophia
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Purpose of Project: A peripheral nerve block (PNB) is a key contributor in pain management related to surgery but is also associated with potential risks. Standard guidelines recommend continuous monitoring and assessment for patients who receive anesthesia and sedation. Settings where PNBs take place outside of the operating room fall behind these recommendations. This quality improvement project aimed to improve patient monitoring and assessment of patients receiving a preoperative PNB with sedation by implementing an evidence-based protocol. The protocol focused on the steps, complications, assessment and care, documentation, anesthesia notification, and additional information related to PNBs. Methodology: Preoperative nurses were educated using an educational module. A retrospective chart review was used to collect data on nursing documentation compliance to the protocol four weeks before and four weeks after the implementation. Nurses were given an anonymous post-survey on protocol effectiveness/intent after the intervention took place. Results: Pre-implementation charts (25) were compared to post-implementation charts (21). There was statistical significance in pain scale (p-value = 0.031), cardiac monitor (p-value = 0.006), sedation scale (p-value= 0.0027), and peripheral vascular assessment (p-value <0.0001) documentation categories. Statistical significance was not observed in vital signs documentation (p-value of 0.11), but clinical significance was. There was statistical significance in combined documentation (p-value of <0.00001). The survey results revealed that most of the nurses either strongly agreed or agreed with the usefulness/intent of the protocol. Implications for Practice: The project increased nurse documentation, promoted practice change, and limited the number of patients left unsupervised. Applying the intervention into practice has the potential to provide a more accurate reflection of the patient's health status and aid in faster response/treatment times. The development of a protocol for the management of a patient with a preoperative PNB with sedation is needed to reinforce patient safety and standard quality of care.
Predictive imaging of chemotherapeutic response in a transgenic mouse model of pancreatic cancer: Imaging of Chemotherapeutic Response
Creators: name: Medarova, Zdravka
name: Wang, Ping
name: Farrar, Christian
name: Ross, Alana
name: Yoo, Byunghee
name: Petkova, Victoria
name: Moore, Anna
name: Pantazopoulos, Pamela
name: Sherman, Sarah
name: Mukherjee, Pinku
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The underglycosylated mucin 1 tumor antigen (uMUC1) is a biomarker that forecasts the progression of adenocarcinomas. In this study, we evaluated the utility of a dual-modality molecular imaging approach based on targeting uMUC1 for monitoring chemotherapeutic response in a transgenic murine model of pancreatic cancer (KCM triple transgenic mice). An uMUC1-specific contrast agent (MN-EPPT) was synthesized for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fluorescence optical imaging. It consisted of dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated to the near infrared fluorescent dye Cy5.5 and to a uMUC1-specific peptide (EPPT). KCM triple transgenic mice were given gemcitabine as chemotherapy while control animals received saline injections following the same schedule. Changes in uMUC1 levels following chemotherapy were monitored using T2-weighted MRI and optical imaging before and 24 hr after injection of the MN-EPPT. uMUC1 expression in tumors from both groups was evaluated by histology and qRT-PCR. We observed that the average delta-T2 in the gemcitabine-treated group was significantly reduced compared to the control group indicating lower accumulation of MN-EPPT, and correspondingly, a lower level of uMUC1 expression. In vivo optical imaging confirmed the MRI findings. Fluorescence microscopy of pancreatic tumor sections showed a lower level of uMUC1 expression in the gemcitabine-treated group compared to the control, which was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Our data proved that changes in uMUC1 expression after gemcitabine chemotherapy could be evaluated using MN-EPPT-enhanced in vivo MR and optical imaging. These results suggest that the uMUC1-targeted imaging approach could provide a useful tool for the predictive assessment of therapeutic response.
A new approach to the propagation of light-like signals in perturbed cosmological backgrounds
Creators: name: Fanizza, G.
name: Gasperini, M.
name: Marozzi, G.
name: Veneziano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to compute the deflection of light rays in a perturbed FLRW geometry. We exploit the properties of the Geodesic Light Cone (GLC) gauge where null rays propagate at constant angular coordinates irrespectively of the given (inhomogeneous and/or anisotropic) geometry. The gravitational deflection of null geodesics can then be obtained, in any other gauge, simply by expressing the angular coordinates of the given gauge in terms of the GLC angular coordinates. We apply this method to the standard Poisson gauge, including scalar perturbations, and give the full result for the deflection effect in terms of the direction of observation and observed redshift up to second order, and up to third order for the leading lensing terms. We also compare our results with those presently available in the literature and, in particular, we provide a new non trivial check of a previous result on the luminosity-redshft relation up to second order in cosmological perturbation theory.
description: 37 pages, no figures. Typos corrected, comments and references added. Version accepted for publication in JCAP
Additional file 1 of The updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research based on user feedback
Creators: name: Damschroder, Laura J.
name: Reardon, Caitlin M.
name: Widerquist, Marilla A. Opra
name: Lowery, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Literature Review Methods.
Local energy-momentum conservation in scalar-tensor-like gravity with generic curvature invariants
Creators: name: Tian, David Wenjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a large class of scalar-tensor-like modified gravity whose action contains nonminimal couplings between a scalar field $ϕ(x^α)$ and generic curvature invariants $\mathcal{R}$ beyond the Ricci scalar $R=R^α_{\;\;α}$, we prove the covariant invariance of its field equation and confirm/prove the local energy-momentum conservation. These $ϕ(x^α)-\mathcal{R}$ coupling terms break the symmetry of diffeomorphism invariance under a particle transformation, which implies that the solutions of the field equation should satisfy the consistency condition $\mathcal{R}\equiv 0$ when $ϕ(x^α)$ is nondynamical and massless. Following this fact and based on the accelerated expansion of the observable Universe, we propose a primary test to check the viability of the modified gravity to be an effective dark energy, and a simplest example passing the test is the "Weyl/conformal dark energy".
description: References added
Risk of extracolonic cancers for people with biallelic and monoallelic mutations in MUTYH: Extracolonic cancer risks for people with biallelic and monoallelicMUTYHmutations
Creators: name: Casey, Graham
name: Newcomb, Polly A.
name: Kim, Hyeja
name: Cotterchio, Michelle
name: Macrae, Finlay A.
name: Hopper, John L.
name: Le Marchand, Loïc
name: Reece, Jeanette C.
name: Clendenning, Mark
name: Cleary, Sean P.
name: Rosty, Christophe
name: Jenkins, Mark A.
name: Dowty, James G.
name: Buchanan, Daniel D.
name: Young, Joanne P.
name: Winship, Ingrid M.
name: Haile, Robert W.
name: Win, Aung Ko
name: Baron, John A.
name: Southey, Melissa C.
name: Gallinger, Steven
name: Thibodeau, Stephen N.
name: Tucker, Katherine M.
name: Lindor, Noralane M.
name: Burnett, Terrilea
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Germline mutations in the DNA base excision repair gene MUTYH are known to increase a carrier’s risk of colorectal cancer. However, the risks of other (extracolonic) cancers for MUTYH mutation carriers are not well defined. We identified 266 probands (91% Caucasians) with a MUTYH mutation (41 biallelic and 225 monoallelic) from the Colon Cancer Family Registry. Mutation status, sex, age, and histories of cancer from their 1,903 first- and 3,255 second-degree relatives, were analysed using modified segregation analysis conditioned on the ascertainment criteria. Compared with incidences for the general population, hazard ratios (HRs) (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for biallelic MUTYH mutation carriers were: urinary bladder cancer, 19(3.7–97); and ovarian cancer, 17(2.4–115). The HRs (95%CI) for monoallelic MUTYH mutation carriers were: gastric cancer, 9.3(6.7–13); hepatobiliary cancer, 4.5(2.7–7.5); endometrial cancer, 2.1(1.1–3.9); and breast cancer, 1.4(1.0–2.0). There was no evidence for an increased risk of cancers at the other sites examined (brain, pancreas, kidney or prostate). Based on the USA population incidences, the estimated cumulative risks (95%CI) to age 70 years for biallelic mutation carriers were: bladder cancer, 25%(5%–77%) for males and 8%(2%–33%) for females; and ovarian cancer, 14%(2%–65%). The cumulative risks (95%CI) for monoallelic mutation carriers were: gastric cancer, 5%(4%–7%) for males and 2.3%(1.7%–3.3%) for females; hepatobiliary cancer, 3%(2%–5%) for males and 1.4%(0.8%–2.3%) for females; endometrial cancer, 3%(2%–6%); and breast cancer 11%(8%–16%). These unbiased estimates of both relative and absolute risks of extracolonic cancers for people, mostly Caucasians, with MUTYH mutations will be important for their clinical management.
Additional file 2 of The updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research based on user feedback
Creators: name: Damschroder, Laura J.
name: Reardon, Caitlin M.
name: Widerquist, Marilla A. Opra
name: Lowery, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research User Survey.
Roadmap for investigating epigenome deregulation and environmental origins of cancer: Epigenetics and cancer
Creators: name: Marsit, Carmen J
name: Waterland, Robert A.
name: Ghantous, Akram
name: Kondo, Yukata
name: Lima, Sheila C.S.
name: Fry, Rebecca
name: Sklias, Athena
name: Duthie, Susan J.
name: Lepeule, Johanna
name: Wiemels, Joe
name: Degli Esposti, Davide
name: Hernandez-Vargas, Hector
name: Ambatipudi, Srikant
name: Wild, Christopher P.
name: Herceg, Zdenko
name: Teschendorff, Andrew E.
name: Rakyan, Vardhman
name: Taylor, Jack A.
name: Vineis, Paolo
name: Koturbash, Igor
name: Ushijima, Toshikazu
name: Casati, Lavinia
name: Walker, Cheryl Lyn
name: Kellermayer, Richard
name: Saffery, Richard
name: Issa, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The interaction between the (epi)genetic makeup of an individual and his/her environmental exposure record (exposome) is accepted as a determinant factor for a significant proportion of human malignancies. Recent evidence has highlighted the key role of epigenetic mechanisms in mediating gene–environment interactions and translating exposures into tumorigenesis. There is also growing evidence that epigenetic changes may be risk factor‐specific (“fingerprints”) that should prove instrumental in the discovery of new biomarkers in cancer. Here, we review the state of the science of epigenetics associated with environmental stimuli and cancer risk, highlighting key developments in the field. Critical knowledge gaps and research needs are discussed and advances in epigenomics that may help in understanding the functional relevance of epigenetic alterations. Key elements required for causality inferences linking epigenetic changes to exposure and cancer are discussed and how these alterations can be incorporated in carcinogen evaluation and in understanding mechanisms underlying epigenome deregulation by the environment.
Quantitative Reasoning Heatmap Assessment - Google Docs
Creators: name: Eklund, Jen
name: Shaver, Irene
name: Harrington, Kim
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: This tool for formative assessment provides a mostly anonymous way for students to consider their confidence with a variety of skills related to quantitative reasoning in biology. The product of the assessment is a heatmap that the whole class can use for further discussion and an opportunity for student metacognition. It is appropriate for use in both in person and remote settings.
Order Conditions of a Class of Three-step Hybrid Methods for y" = f(x,y)
Creators: name: Dauda Jikantoro, Yusuf
name: Musa, Ismail
name: Badeggi, Aliyu Yahaya
name: Ma'ali, Aliyu
name: Tako, Amina Muhammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 10301 Numerical Analysis
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10399 Numerical and Computational Mathematics not elsewhere classified

description: A theoretical approach of B-series is used to analyze the convergence and order of convergence of a newly introduced class of three-step hybrid methods for integrating systems of special second order ordinary di?erential equations (ODEs). A straightforward technique that generates algebraic order conditions, which is easier to handle than the well known Taylor series technique, is presented. The validity of the order conditions is tested by deriving a fourth order method and compared with existing methods in the literature.
Dual therapy strategies for COPD: the scientific rationale for LAMA + LABA
Creators: name: Miles, Matthew C.
name: Cohen, Joshua S.
name: Ohar, Jill A.
name: Donohue, James F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditure worldwide. Relaxation of airway smooth muscle with inhaled bronchodilators is the cornerstone of treatment for stable COPD, with inhaled corticosteroids reserved for those with a history of exacerbations. Tiotropium has occupied center stage in COPD treatment for over 10 years and improves lung function, quality of life, exercise endurance, and reduces the risk of COPD exacerbation. Long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) improve lung function, reduce dynamic hyperinflation, increase exercise tolerance, health-related quality of life, and reduce acute exacerbation of COPD. The combination of long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) and LABAs is thought to leverage different pathways to induce bronchodilation using submaximal drug doses, increasing the benefits and minimizing receptor-specific side effects. Umeclidinium/vilanterol is the first combination of LAMA/LABA to be approved for use in stable COPD in USA and Europe. Additionally, indacaterol/glycopyrronium and aclidinium/formoterol have been approved in Europe and in numerous locations outside USA. Several other agents are in the late stages of development, most of which offer once-daily dosing. The benefits of new LAMA/LABA combinations include improved pulmonary function, dyspnea, and health-related quality of life, and in some cases, reduced exacerbations. These evolving treatments will provide new opportunities and challenges in the management of COPD.
Additional file 3 of The updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research based on user feedback
Creators: name: Damschroder, Laura J.
name: Reardon, Caitlin M.
name: Widerquist, Marilla A. Opra
name: Lowery, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Literature Review Articles.
Comparative efficacy of long-acting β2-agonists as monotherapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Donohue, James F.
name: Signorovitch, James E.
name: Altman, Pablo
name: Du, Ella Xiaoyan
name: Gruenberger, Jean-Bernard
name: Goyal, Pankaj
name: Keininger, Dorothy L.
name: Betts, Keith A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Long-acting β2-agonists (LABAs) have demonstrated efficacy in patients with COPD in clinical trials. The purpose of this study was to assess the comparative efficacy of all available dosages of all LABA monotherapies using a network meta-analysis.
QUANTUM EFFECTS ON ENERGY TRANSPORT IN 2D HETERO-INTERFACES AND LEAD HALIDE PEROVSKITE QUANTUM DOTS
Creators: name: Lumsargis, Victoria A
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 340699
subject: Physical chemistry not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 340304
subject: Optical properties of materials
classificationCode: 340307
subject: Structure and dynamics of materials

description: Photovoltaics are leading devices in green energy production. Understanding the fundamental physics behind energy transport in candidate materials for future photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices is necessary to both realize material limitations and improve efficiency. Excitons, which are bound electron-hole pairs, are central to determining how energy propagates throughout semiconductors. Exciton transport is greatly influenced by material dimensionality. In highly ordered quantum dot (QD) systems, electronic coupling between individual QDs can lead to coherent exciton transport, whereas in two-dimensional heterostructures, excitons can form at the interface of a heterojunction, creating charge-transfer excitons.This dissertation is dedicated to summarizing the studies of exciton transport and behavior in two systems: perovskite QD superlattices and transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC)/polyacene heterostructures. Chapter 1 provides readers with details on these materials in addition to information on the fundamental concepts (i.e., excitons, phonons, energy transfer) needed to best appreciate further chapters. Chapter 2 summarizes the spectroscopic techniques (photoluminescence and transient absorption spectroscopy and microscopy) used to examine exciton behavior. Next, the effects of disorder and dephasing pathways on the ability of perovskite QDs to coherently couple is investigated through the lens of superradiance in Chapter 3. After this, the temperature-dependent exciton transport within perovskite QD superlattices is imaged with high spatial and temporal resolutions in Chapter 4. The experimental transport data on these superlattices provides evidence for environment-assisted quantum transport, which, until this study, had yet to be realized in solid-state systems. In Chapter 5, attention is switched to verifying the existence and deepening the understanding of the behavior of several spatially separated interlayer excitons in a tungsten disulfide/tetracene heterostructure. Finally, Chapter 6 summarizes the preliminary results obtained through transient absorption spectroscopy on other TMDC/polyacene heterostructures where separation of the triplet pair state is attempted. It is this author’s hope that this dissertation will not only summarize their graduate work but will also serve as inspiration for others to continue learning and contribute to the advancement of the energy research field.
Additional file 4 of The updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research based on user feedback
Creators: name: Damschroder, Laura J.
name: Reardon, Caitlin M.
name: Widerquist, Marilla A. Opra
name: Lowery, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Original CFIR (2009) to Updated CFIR (2022): Construct Mapping.
The O(N)-model within the Phi-derivable expansion to order lambda^2: on the existence, UV and IR sensitivity of the solutions to self-consistent equations
Creators: name: Markó, Gergely
name: Reinosa, Urko
name: Szép, Zsolt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss various aspects of the O(N)-model in the vacuum and at finite temperature within the Phi-derivable expansion scheme to order lambda^2. In continuation to an earlier work, we look for a physical parametrization in the N=4 case that allows to accommodate the lightest mesons. Using zero-momentum curvature masses to approximate the physical masses, we find that, in the parameter range where a relatively large sigma mass is obtained, the scale of the Landau pole is lower compared to that obtained in the two-loop truncation. This jeopardizes the insensitivity of the observables to the ultraviolet regulator and could hinder the predictivity of the model. Both in the N=1 and N=4 cases, we also find that, when approaching the chiral limit, the (iterative) solution to the Phi-derivable equations is lost in an interval around the would-be transition temperature. In particular, it is not possible to conclude at this order of truncation on the order of the transition in the chiral limit. Because the same issue could be present in other approaches, we investigate it thoroughly by considering a localized version of the Phi-derivable equations, whose solution displays the same qualitative features, but allows for a more analytical understanding of the problem. In particular, our analysis reveals the existence of unphysical branches of solutions which can coalesce with the physical one at some temperatures, with the effect of opening up a gap in the admissible values for the condensate. Depending on its rate of growth with the temperature, this gap can eventually engulf the physical solution.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures, uses RevTeX4-1, published version
Evaluation of a novel autoinjector for subcutaneous self-administration of belimumab in systemic lupus erythematosus
Creators: name: Groark, James
name: Struemper, Herbert
name: Fox, Norma Lynn
name: Hammer, Anne E.
name: Gordon, David
name: Sheikh, Saira Z.
name: Roth, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Objective: To study self-administration and pharmacokinetics (PK) of subcutaneous (SC) belimumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: Patients previously treated with belimumab self-administered belimumab 200 mg SC weekly for 8 weeks using an autoinjector. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients able to self-administer their first and second dose (weeks 1 and 2) in the clinic. The proportion able to self-administer at weeks 4 and 8 (clinic) and weeks 3, 5, 6, and 7 (home) were secondary endpoints. Belimumab PK, safety, and injection-site pain were assessed. Results: 91/95 patients completed the study (withdrawals: adverse events (AEs): 3; lost to follow-up: 1). 93% were female, and mean (SD) age was 44.8 (12.50) years. The majority (99%, 89/90; no attempt, n = 5) successfully self-administered belimumab SC at weeks 1 and 2 (5 had clinic staff assistance), and 98% (85/87) successfully self-administered at weeks 4 and 8. Home-administration success rates were high (93%, (81/87) at weeks 3, 5, 6, and 7). Week 8 median trough concentration was 113 µg/mL. For patients with a ≤ 1.5-week interval between IV SC administration, week-1 concentrations were higher vs. week 8 (+ 51% median) but within a range observed with IV dosing; those with a ≥ 2.5-week interval had median differences close to 0. AEs and serious AEs were low, with no deaths; pain levels were low and decreased with subsequent injections. Conclusion: Patients with SLE successfully self-administered belimumab SC using a novel autoinjector; the PK profile was stable following a switch from IV with acceptable AE and pain levels. The recommended dosing interval between IV to SC dosing is 1 – 4 weeks.
Additional file 5 of The updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research based on user feedback
Creators: name: Damschroder, Laura J.
name: Reardon, Caitlin M.
name: Widerquist, Marilla A. Opra
name: Lowery, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. User Feedback & CFIR Updates.
El rol de una comunicadora en España. Entrevista a Marta Ramos Matas
Creators: name: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 190301 Journalism Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 190399 Journalism and Professional Writing not elsewhere classified

description: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel (2022). «El rol de una comunicadora en España. Entrevista a Marta Ramos Matas», en: Argus-a. Artes & Humanidades. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Editorial Argus-a. Vol. XI, n.° 44, junio, pp. 1-5. Disponible en https://www.argus-a.com/archivos-dinamicas/1643-1.pdf
Additional file 6 of The updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research based on user feedback
Creators: name: Damschroder, Laura J.
name: Reardon, Caitlin M.
name: Widerquist, Marilla A. Opra
name: Lowery, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6. Updated CFIR Domains and Constructs: Short Definitions and Detailed Descriptions.
Panorama del teatro peruano contemporáneo. Entrevista a César Ernesto Arenas Ulloa
Creators: name: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 200599 Literary Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200525 Literary Theory

description: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel (2021). «Panorama del teatro peruano contemporáneo. Entrevista a César Ernesto Arenas Ulloa», en: Argus-a. Artes & Humanidades. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Editorial Argus-a. Vol. XI, n.° 42, diciembre, pp. 1-15. Disponible en https://www.argus-a.com/archivos-dinamicas/1611-1.pdf
Cholecystectomy and the risk of colorectal cancer by tumor mismatch repair deficiency status
Creators: name: Reece, Jeanette C.
name: Buchanan, Daniel D.
name: Thibodeau, Stephen N.
name: Win, Aung Ko
name: Jenkins, Mark A.
name: Giles, Graham G.
name: Newcomb, Polly A.
name: Figueiredo, Jane C.
name: Potter, John D.
name: Baron, John A.
name: Shang, Jie
name: Hopper, John L.
name: Casey, Graham
name: Lindor, Noralane M.
name: Gallinger, Steven
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Gallbladder diseases and cholecystectomy may play a role in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Our aim was to investigate the association between cholecystectomy and CRC risk overall and by sex, family history, anatomical location, and tumor mismatch repair (MMR) status.
Additional file 1 of Clinical Outcome Following Concussion Among College Athletes with a History of Prior Concussion: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Gaudet, Charles E.
name: Iverson, Grant L.
name: Kissinger-Knox, Alicia
name: Van Patten, Ryan
name: Cook, Nathan E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Study Information (listed alphabetically). Table S2. Prior Concussion Details (studies listed alphabetically)
Wild ramification in a family of low-degree extensions arising from iteration
Creators: name: Breen, Benjamin
name: Jones, Rafe
name: Occhipinti, Tommy
name: Yuen, Michelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11S15, 37P05, 11R04

description: This article gives a first look at wild ramification in a family of iterated extensions. For integer values of c, we consider the splitting field of $(x^2 + c)^2 + c$, the second iterate of $x^2 + c$. We give complete information on the factorization of the ideal (2) as c varies, and find a surprisingly complicated dependence of this factorization on the parameter c. We show that 2 ramifies (necessarily wildly) in all these extensions except when c = 0, and we describe the higher ramification groups in some totally ramified cases.
description: 22 pages
Entropy-based particle correspondence for shape populations
Creators: name: Datar, Manasi
name: Whitaker, Ross
name: Styner, Martin
name: Cates, Josh
name: Paniagua, Beatriz
name: Oguz, Ipek
name: Fletcher, Thomas
name: Vachet, Clement
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Statistical shape analysis of anatomical structures plays an important role in many medical image analysis applications such as understanding the structural changes in anatomy in various stages of growth or disease. Establishing accurate correspondence across object populations is essential for such statistical shape analysis studies.
Hierarchical Geodesic Models in Diffeomorphisms
Creators: name: Joshi, Sarang
name: Singh, Nikhil
name: Fletcher, P. Thomas
name: Hinkle, Jacob
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Hierarchical linear models (HLMs) are a standard approach for analyzing data where individuals are measured repeatedly over time. However, such models are only applicable to longitudinal studies of Euclidean data. This paper develops the theory of hierarchical geodesic models (HGMs), which generalize HLMs to the manifold setting. Our proposed model quantifies longitudinal trends in shapes as a hierarchy of geodesics in the group of diffeomorphisms. First, individual-level geodesics represent the trajectory of shape changes within individuals. Second, a group-level geodesic represents the average trajectory of shape changes for the population. Our proposed HGM is applicable to longitudinal data from unbalanced designs, i.e., varying numbers of timepoints for individuals, which is typical in medical studies. We derive the solution of HGMs on diffeomorphisms to estimate individual-level geodesics, the group geodesic, and the residual diffeomorphisms. We also propose an efficient parallel algorithm that easily scales to solve HGMs on a large collection of 3D images of several individuals. Finally, we present an effective model selection procedure based on cross validation. We demonstrate the effectiveness of HGMs for longitudinal analysis of synthetically generated shapes and 3D MRI brain scans.
Holographic RG flows, entanglement entropy and the sum rule
Creators: name: Casini, Horacio
name: Teste, Eduardo
name: Torroba, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the two-point function of the trace of the stress tensor in holographic renormalization group flows between pairs of conformal field theories. We show that the term proportional to the momentum squared in this correlator gives the change of the central charge between fixed points in d=2 and in d>2 it gives the holographic entanglement entropy for a planar region. This can also be seen as a holographic realization of the Adler-Zee formula for the renormalization of Newton's constant. Holographic regularization is found to provide a perfect match of the finite and divergent terms of the sum rule, and it is analogous to the regularization of the entropy in terms of mutual information. Finally, we provide a general proof of reflection positivity in terms of stability of the dual bulk action, and discuss the relation between unitarity constraints, the null energy condition and regularity in the interior of the gravity solution.
description: v2: 32 pages, 1 figure. Refs. and comments added. Version published in JHEP