cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gamow-Teller strengths in 24Na using the 24Mg(t,3He) reaction at 115 AMeV
Creators: name: Howard, M. E.
name: Zegers, R. G. T.
name: Austin, Sam M.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Cole, A. L.
name: Davids, B.
name: Famiano, M.
name: Fujita, Y.
name: Gade, A.
name: Galaviz, D.
name: Hitt, G. W.
name: Matos, M.
name: Reitzner, S. D.
name: Samanta, C.
name: Schradin, L. J.
name: Shimbara, Y.
name: Smith, E. E.
name: Simenel, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamow-Teller transitions from 24Mg to 24Na were studied via the (t,3He) reaction at 115 AMeV using a secondary triton beam produced via fast fragmentation of 150 AMeV 16O ions. Compared to previous (t,3He) experiments at this energy that employed a primary alpha beam, the secondary beam intensity is improved by about a factor of five. Despite the large emittance of the secondary beam, an excitation-energy resolution of ~200 keV is achieved. A good correspondence is found between the extracted Gamow-Teller strength distribution and those available from other charge-exchange probes. Theoretical calculations using the newly developed USDA and USDB sd-shell model interactions reproduce the data well.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Primordial giant planet obliquity driven by a circumplanetary disk
Creators: name: Martin, Rebecca G.
name: Armitage, Philip J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detached circumplanetary disks are unstable to tilting as a result of the stellar tidal potential. We examine how a tilted circumplanetary disk affects the evolution of the spin axis of an oblate planet. The disk is evolved using time-dependent equations for linear wave-like warp evolution, including terms representing the effect of the tidal potential and planetary oblateness. For a disk with a sufficiently large mass, we find that the planet spin quickly aligns to the misaligned disk. The tilt of the planetary spin axis then increases on the same timescale as the disk. This can be an efficient mechanism for generating primordial obliquity in giant planets. We suggest that directly imaged exoplanets at large orbital radii, where the disk mass criterion is more likely to be satisfied, could have significant obliquities due to the tilt instability of their circumplanetary disks.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL
Generation and manipulation of laser beams carrying orbital angular momentum for classical and quantum information applications
Creators: name: Karimi, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: Light orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been recognized as a new promising resource for classical and quantum information applications. In contrast to the spin angular momentum, the OAM is an inherently multidimensional. Thus, the information can be encoded in the higher-dimensional OAM alphabets. Recently, Marrucci et al. have invented a new device named q-plate (QP), made of liquid crystal cell patterned in such a way to introduce a topological charge q at the transverse plane, which is able to generate a well-defined values of photon OAM. My research has been aimed at investigating the physics of the QP, of the optical fields that it generates and of its possible applications for optical communication and quantum information. We studied both theoretically and experimentally a novel set of non-orthogonal but over-complete paraxial modes, named Hypergeometric-Gaussian modes, that is typically associated with OAM-carrying optical fields. We have also found the light propagation kernel inside the QP and we have shown analytically that if small losses due to reflection, absorption, and scattering are neglected, the QP can convert the photon spin into OAM with up to 100 \% efficiency. We implemented a technique to control the QP optical retardation by tuning the QP temperature. At the optimal temperature, the QP can generate a beam with up to 97\% efficiency. Moreover, the OAM state generated by QP can be rotated easily in the 2D OAM Hilbert space by proper manipulation of the input polarization state, a fact which opens a new way of beam shape controlling in MHz scale. We also performed a novel way to encode and read two bits information on the 4D OAM space by using only one QP. Finally, we experimentally demonstrated the transfer of quantum information from spin to OAM and vice versa, including the case of bi-photon states having quantum correlations. Furthermore, by exploiting these quantum information transfer devices, we demonstrated the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect and the optimal quantum cloning with OAM-carrying photons.
Multiscale Edge Detection in the Corona
Creators: name: Young, C. Alex
name: Gallagher, Peter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are challenging objects to detect using automated techniques, due to their high velocity and diffuse, irregular morphology. A necessary step to automating the detection process is to first remove the subjectivity introduced by the observer used in the current, standard, CME detection and tracking method. Here we describe and demonstrate a multiscale edge detection technique that addresses this step and could serve as one part of an automated CME detection system. This method provides a way to objectively define a CME front with associated error estimates. These fronts can then be used to extract CME morphology and kinematics. We apply this technique to a CME observed on 18 April 2000 by the Large Angle Solar COronagraph experiment (LASCO) C2/C3 and a CME observed on 21 April 2002 by LASCO C2/C3 and the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE). For the two examples in this work, the heights determined by the standard manual method are larger than those determined with the multiscale method by approximately 10% using LASCO data and approximately 20% using TRACE data.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, In Solar Physics Topical Issue "Solar Image Analysis and Visualization"
Improving the virgo detector sensitivity: Effect of high power input beam and Electrostatic actuators for mirror control
Creators: name: Mosca, Simona
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: A ground based interferometric detector for gravitational waves (GW) mainly consists of a Michelson interferometer with kilometric arms. The very low GW interaction with matter requires to keep the fundamental noises, limiting the detector sensitivity, at very low levels. In particular the sensitivity of the Virgo antenna is limited, at high frequency, by the shot noise, while could be limited by control noise in the low frequency band. To overcome the first limit, in Advanced Virgo, an increase of the input laser power up to 200 W is foreseen. On this topic we studied the thermal effects induced by the absorption of laser radiation in the bulk of the injection optics. In particular the Faraday isolator is strongly affected by thermal self-action, since the absorption in magneto-optical media (TGG) is relatively high. After the TGG crystal a doughnut-like beam with topological charge was observed. Tomographic analysis showed that this beam acquires orbital angular momentum. Besides we demonstrated that a suitable optical set-up can compensate this effect. About the second topic, the attention was focused on the electrostatic actuators for suspended mirror control, that represent a valid alternative to the current coil-magnets actuators. An accurate characterization of such actuators was performed aimed to a correct system design. Also we showed that the effect of stray patch charge on the mirror can be minimized by modulating the driving signal of the actuator.
Photonic wideband phased array: an optical time steered antenna based on a new true time delay unit
Creators: name: Curcio, Claudio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: L’attività di ricerca svolta durante il corso di dottorato e descritta dettagliatamente all’interno della tesi è stata diretta al progetto di una innovativa rete ottica di formazione del fascio per antenne a schiera a banda larga esenti dal fenomeno del beam squint.
La rete di formazione del fascio proposta è basata sull’utilizzo di un chip ottico integrato modulare che consente di realizzare il True Time Delay implementando switched delay lines.
Le caratteristiche del sistema ne consentono l’utilizzo in architetture ad array e a subarray, e la sua modularità rende possibile, in principio, il pilotaggio del sistema radiante, integrando in un unico componente le linee di ritardo di ciascun elemento della schiera.
Nella sua prima parte la tesi di dottorato introduce alle antenne ad alte prestazioni richieste dalle moderne applicazioni, focalizzando l’attenzione sui Phased Array, sistemi radianti destinati a svolgere un ruolo di primo piano grazie alla loro flessibilità e potenzialità. Un’analisi ragionata delle soluzioni proposte in letteratura viene, quindi, proposta al fine di evidenziare i principi di funzionamento e le principali problematiche connesse all’implementazione di reti ottiche di formazione del fascio. Inoltre, vengono descritte e discusse le architetture ottiche utilizzate sia per il controllo della fase che per il controllo del ritardo.
Successivamente viene presentata la nuova unità ottica integrata di tipo True Time Delay. Le configurazioni di utilizzo del chip ottico studiate e messe a punto durante gli anni del corso di dottorato vengono presentate nel dettaglio, chiarendo le scelte e le strategie di progetto utilizzate in modo da ottimizzare le prestazioni del sistema. Viene presentato il progetto di un prototipo di antenna a schiera basato sul nuovo modulo True Time Delay e un modello accurato dell’intero sistema, implementato allo scopo di verificare il funzionamento dell’antenna e determinarne le prestazioni.
Il modello sviluppato tiene in conto delle reali caratteristiche dei dispositivi disponibili in commercio da utilizzarsi all’interno della rete e del sistema radiante, degli inevitabili errori realizzativi relativi a ciascun componente e delle caratteristiche peculiari del nuovo modulo di ritardo.
Per compensare gli effetti degli errori suddetti è stata prevista all’interno della rete un’unità di compensazione. Per rendere semplice ed efficace determinarne i parametri è stato sviluppato un algoritmo evolutivo capace di sfruttare al meglio le potenzialità dell’unità così da evitare inutili complessità.
Infine, viene proposta una nuova architettura, interamente ottica, di una rete di formazione del fascio per antenne a schiera capaci di irradiare sia fasci somma che fasci differenza beam squint free.
Procedimento di formazione del contratto ed autonomia privata
Creators: name: D’Aloia, Diego Alberto
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: La prima parte della tesi è dedicata allo studio del procedimento di formazione del contratto: si analizza il concetto di procedimento formativo e si descrivono i molteplici procedimenti disciplinati dal diritto positivo. La seconda parte del lavoro è dedicata al tema dei negozi diretti a regolare il procedimento di formazione del contratto: si analizza la complessa fenomenologia del negozio di configurazione, si affronta il problema dell’ammissibilità di negozi configurativi atipici e quello dei limiti dell’autonomia privata procedimentale.
Il sistema calpaina/calpastatina in 3 muscoli dell’arto pelvico di struzzo African Black. Studio istochimico, immunoistochimico e morfometrico
Creators: name: Gomez De Ayala, Diego
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: In the present research a description of the pelvic limb musculature of ostrich  (African Black) was given. Muscle tissues were obtained from three muscles namely: Gastrocnemius pars externa, Tibialis .cranialis caput tibiale, Tbialis cranialis caput femorale.
Haematoxilin-eosin technique was used to verify the morphologic aspect of the tissues (fibers integrity). The histochemical results revealed the presence of three fibre types only in the gastrocnemus pars extena uscle : slow-twitch oxidative fibres (SO), fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic fibres (FOG) and fast-twitch glycolytic fibres (FG), while in the other muscles FG fibres were absent. The percentage distribution of fibres types showed a higher incidence of SO compared to FOG fibres in Tibialis cranialis caput tibiale and tibialis cranialis caput femorale. In the Gastrocnemius pars externa muscle the FG fibres outnumber the other fibres, followed by SO and FOG fibres.The results of the analysis of variance showed significant muscle x fibre interactions for every morphometric parameter evaluated. The immunohistochemical results showed the localization of calpain and calpastatin in the muscles object of study. These molecules are involved in the degradation of same myofibrillar proteins and therefore they are relevant factor for meat quality. The brief activity period of the calpain/calpastatin system could explain, in the ostrich, a shorter hanging period.
Il negozio fiduciario
Creators: name: Sarluca, Ettore
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: L’elaborato rappresenta una sintesi dello stato attuale della elaborazione dottrinale e giurisprudenziale in tema di fiducia e negozio fiduciario nell’ordinamento italiano, nonché in tema di trust, ed esamina la possibilità di superare le obiezioni avanzate alla compatibilità del trust con l’ordinamento italiano offrendo lo spunto per una diversa ricostruzione del rapporto tra il concetto di causa del contratto ed il principio del consenso traslativo.
The Intrinsically X-ray Weak Quasar PHL 1811. II. Optical and UV Spectra and Analysis
Creators: name: Leighly, Karen M.
name: Halpern, Jules P.
name: Jenkins, Edward B.
name: Casebeer, Darrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second of two papers reporting observations and analysis of the unusually bright (m_b=14.4), luminous (M_B=-25.5), nearby (z=0.192) narrow-line quasar PHL 1811. The first paper reported that PHL 1811 is intrinsically X-ray weak, and presented a spectral energy distribution (SED). Here we present HST STIS optical and UV spectra, and ground-based optical spectra. The optical and UV line emission is very unusual. There is no evidence for forbidden or semiforbidden lines. The near-UV spectrum is dominated by very strong FeII and FeIII, and unusual low-ionization lines such as NaID and CaII H&K are observed. High-ionization lines are very weak; CIV has an equivalent width of 6.6A, a factor of ~5 smaller than measured from quasar composite spectra. An unusual feature near 1200A can be deblended in terms of Lyα, NV, SiII, and CIII* using the blueshifted CIV profile as a template. Photoionization modeling shows that the unusual line emission can be explained qualitatively by the unusually soft SED. Principally, a low gas temperature results in inefficient emission of collisionally excited lines, including the semiforbidden lines generally used as density diagnostics. The emission resembles that of high-density gas; in both cases this is a consequence of inefficient cooling. PHL 1811 is very unusual, but we note that quasar surveys are generally biased against finding similar objects.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS. Full resolution figures available here: http://www.nhn.ou.edu/~leighly/phl1811_paper1.pdf
EPIC 228782059: Asteroseismology of what could be the coolest pulsating helium-atmosphere white dwarf (DBV) known?
Creators: name: Duan, R. M.
name: Zong, W.
name: Fu, J. -N.
name: Chen, Y. H.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Vanderbosch, Zachary P.
name: Ma, X. Y.
name: Charpinet, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analysis of a new pulsating helium-atmosphere (DB) white dwarf, EPIC~228782059, discovered from 55.1~days of {\em K2} photometry. The long duration, high quality light curves reveal 11 independent dipole and quadruple modes, from which we derive a rotational period of $34.1 \pm 0.4$~hr for the star. An optimal model is obtained from a series of grids constructed using the White Dwarf Evolution Code, which returns $M_{*} = 0.685 \pm 0.003 M_{\odot}$, $T_{\rm{eff}}= 21{,}910 \pm 23$\,K and $\log g = 8.14 \pm0.01$\,dex. These values are comparable to those derived from spectroscopy by Koester \& Kepler ($20{,}860 \pm 160$\,K and $7.94 \pm0.03$\,dex). If these values are confirmed or better constrained by other independent works, it would make EPIC~228782059 one of the coolest pulsating DB white dwarf star known, and would be helpful to test different physical treatments of convection, and to further investigate the theoretical instability strip of DB white dwarf stars.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted by ApJ
A calibration of the relation between the abundance of close galaxy pairs and the rate of galaxy mergers
Creators: name: Kitzbichler, Manfred G.
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Estimates of galaxy merger rates based on counts of close pairs typically assume that most of the observed systems will merge within a few hundred Myr (for projected pair separations <25 kpc/h). Here we investigate these assumptions using virtual galaxy catalogues derived from the Millennium Simulation, a very large N-body simulation of structure formation in the concordance LCDM cosmology. These catalogues have been shown to be at least roughly consistent with a wide range of properties of the observed galaxy population at both low and high redshift. Here we show that they also predict close pair abundances at low redshift which agree with those observed. They thus embed a realistic and realistically evolving galaxy population within the standard structure formation paradigm, and so are well-suited to calibrate the relation between close galaxy pairs and mergers. We show that observational methods, when applied to our mock galaxy surveys, do indeed identify pairs which are physically close and due to merge. The sample-averaged merging time depends only weakly on the stellar mass and redshift of the pair. At z<2 this time-scale is T ~ T0 r25 M*^-0.3, where r25 is the maximum projected separation of the pair sample in units of 25 kpc/h, M* is the typical stellar mass of the pairs in units of 3x10^10 Msol/h, and the coefficient T0 is 1.1 Gyr for samples selected to have line-of-sight velocity difference smaller than 300 km/s and 1.6 Gyr for samples where this velocity difference is effectively unconstrained. These timescales increase slightly with redshift and are longer than assumed in most observational studies, implying that merger rates have typically been overestimated.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to MNRAS
The Role of Gender, Androgyny and Attraction in Predicting the Identity and Effectiveness of Emergent Leaders
Creators: name: Goktepe, Janet
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 1986

description: This field study used groups performing "sex-neutral" tasks
over a six- to fifteen-week period to examine determinants of emergent
leadership and leadership effectiveness. The study included 149
subjects in 35 task groups (28 mixed-sex groups, 4 all-male groups,
and 3 all-female groups) working in conjunction with personnel management
or business policy courses. Data were collected twice during the
period for all measures used in predicting the identity and effectiveness
of emergent leaders (based on follower perceptions of their sex,
physical and interpersonal attractiveness, and the leader's self-described
sex-role identity, i.e., masculine, feminine, undifferentiated,
or androgynous).
The results showed that the leader chosen by group members did
not change from Time 1 to Time 2 except in one group (an all-male
group). Most of the results were similar between Time 1 and Time 2,
and were consistent with predictions made based upon theoretical
considerations and previous research.
The hypotheses in this study were tested using a combination
of statistical techniques. The results supported the major hypotheses
of the study. In general, within the total sample, sex did not
influence perceptions of an emergent leader. However, within
groups, the probability of a female gaining leadership status was
dependent upon the relative proportion of females in the group,
i.e., at least half or more members had to be female. Female
leaders were rated more physically attractive than male leaders.
Male leaders received the lowest ratings of physical attractiveness,
even lower than male nonleaders. Leaders were rated more
interpersonally attractive than nonleaders. Emergent leaders
with high ratings of physical and interpersonal attractiveness
were also rated higher on effectiveness. Individuals with a
self-described "masculine" sex role identity emerged as leaders
more than undifferentiated, feminine, or androgynous types.
There were no differences in leader effectiveness ratings among the
four leader types.
Breit type equation for mesonic atoms
Creators: name: Kelkar, N. G.
name: Nowakowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The finite size effects and relativistic corrections in pionic and kaonic hydrogen are evaluated by generalizing the Breit equation for a spin-0 - spin-1/2 amplitude with the inclusion of the hadron electromagnetic form factors. The agreement of the relativistic corrections to the energies of the mesonic atoms with other methods used to evaluate them is not exact, but reasonably good. The precision values of the energy shifts due to the strong interaction, extracted from data, are however subject to the hadronic form factor uncertainties.
description: 11 pages Latex
Chandra X-Ray Observatory Observations of the Globular Cluster M71
Creators: name: Elsner, R. F.
name: Heinke, C. O.
name: Cohn, H. N.
name: Lugger, P. M.
name: Maxwell, J. E.
name: Stairs, I. H.
name: Ransom, S. M.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Becker, W.
name: Huang, R. H. H.
name: Edmonds, P. D.
name: Grindlay, J. E.
name: Bogdanov, S.
name: Ghosh, K.
name: Weisskopf, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the nearby, low-density globular cluster M71 (NGC 6838) with the Chandra X-ray Observatory to study its faint X-ray populations. Five X-ray sources were found inside the cluster core radius, including the known eclipsing binary millisecond pulsar (MSP) PSR J1953+1846A. The X-ray light curve of the source coincident with this MSP shows marginal evidence for periodicity at the binary period of 4.2 h. Its hard X-ray spectrum and luminosity resemble those of other eclipsing binary MSPs in 47 Tuc, suggesting a similar shock origin of the X-ray emission. A further 24 X-ray sources were found within the half-mass radius, reaching to a limiting luminosity of 1.5 10^30 erg/s (0.3-8 keV). From a radial distribution analysis, we find that 18+/-6 of these 29 sources are associated with M71, somewhat more than predicted, and that 11+/-6 are background sources, both galactic and extragalactic. M71 appears to have more X-ray sources between L_X=10^30--10^31 erg/s than expected by extrapolating from other studied clusters using either mass or collision frequency. We explore the spectra and variability of these sources, and describe the results of ground-based optical counterpart searches.
description: 36 pages including 7 figures and 8 tables, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
The Higgs sector of the complex MSSM at two-loop order: QCD contributions
Creators: name: Heinemeyer, S.
name: Hollik, W.
name: Rzehak, H.
name: Weiglein, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented for the leading two-loop contributions of O(alpha_t alpha_s) to the masses and mixing effects in the Higgs sector of the MSSM with complex parameters. They are obtained in the Feynman-diagrammatic approach using on-shell renormalization. The full dependence on all complex phases is taken into account. The renormalization of the appropriate contributions of the Higgs-boson sector and the scalar top and bottom sector is discussed. Our numerical analysis for the lightest MSSM Higgs-boson mass is based on the new two-loop corrections, supplemented by the full one-loop result. The corrections induced by the phase variation in the scalar top sector are enhanced by the two-loop contributions. We find that the corresponding shift in M_h1 can amount to 5 GeV.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures; minor changes; published version
Time scale competition leading to fragmentation and recombination transitions in the coevolution of network and states
Creators: name: Vazquez, F.
name: Gonzalez-Avella, J. C.
name: Eguiluz, V. M.
name: Miguel, M. San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the co-evolution of network structure and node states in a model of multiple state interacting agents. The system displays two transitions, network recombination and fragmentation, governed by time scales that emerge from the dynamics. The recombination transition separates a frozen configuration, composed by disconnected network components whose agents share the same state, from an active configuration, with a fraction of links that are continuously being rewired. The nature of this transition is explained analytically as the maximum of a characteristic time. The fragmentation transition, that appears between two absorbing frozen phases, is an anomalous order-disorder transition, governed by a crossover between the time scales that control the structure and state dynamics.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, figures 2 and 4 changed, tile changed, to be published in PRE
Primary gas thermometry by means of laser-absorption spectroscopy: Determination of the Boltzmann constant
Creators: name: Casa, G.
name: Castrillo, A.
name: Galzerano, G.
name: Wehr, R.
name: Merlone, A.
name: Di Serafino, D.
name: Laporta, P.
name: Gianfrani, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a new optical implementation of primary gas thermometry based on laser absorption spectrometry in the near infrared. The method consists in retrieving the Doppler broadening from highly accurate observations of the line shape of the R(12) $ν_{1} + 2 ν_{2}^{\phantom{1}0} + ν_{3}$ transition in CO$_{2}$ gas at thermodynamic equilibrium. Doppler width measurements as a function of gas temperature, ranging between the triple point of water and the gallium melting point, allowed for a spectroscopic determination of the Boltzmann constant with a relative accuracy of $\sim1.6\times10^{-4}$.
description: Submitted to Physical Review Letters
title: Spatial analysis of blue carbon in a UK Saltmarsh: Implications of carbon distribution.
Creators: name: Baugh, L
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2019

description: In recent years saltmarshes have been found to be significant stores of blue carbon with important links to the global carbon cycle. Saltmarshes have the ability to sequester a significant amount of carbon with long residence times once buried. In this investigation, the spatial distribution of organic carbon of surficial sediments and the factors driving its production and preservation were studied at Biggar Saltmarsh, situated on Walney Island, west of Barrow-in-Furness on the north side of Morecambe Bay, England. Thirty-three sediment samples were collected from the surface (0-3cm depth) layer of the marsh along a linear transect extending from the highest marsh to the seawards limit of vegetation. Random spatial sampling was undertaken to ensure different marsh sub-environments were effectively sampled. Precise elevation data was collected for all sediment samples. Laboratory tests of samples included; TOC, TN, LOI, pH, conductivity and grain size analysis. Three silt-dominated marsh zones were defined with an upper high marsh comprising Phragmites australis (Zone 1), a mid-marsh area (Zone 2) with vegetation including Triglochin maritima, Puccinellia sp., and a low marsh area (Zone 3) characterised by Spartina alterniflora. Organic matter, carbon and nitrogen decreased from high to low marsh. The highest values were in high marsh/elevations (TOC: 26.6 + 7.84%, Organic matter: 49 + 14.49%, TN: 1.9 + 0.55%) and the lowest values found within low marsh/ elevations (TOC: 3.5 + 7.84%, Organic matter: 8 + 14.49%, TN: 0.35 + 0.55%). Organic carbon, organic matter and nitrogen were found to have a significant relationship to elevation; r= 0.931, p<0.05; r=0.834, p<0.05; r=0.942, p<0.05 respectively, indicating that elevation, controlled by tidal inundation and subsequently establishment of less salt tolerant vegetation, is one of the main controls of organic carbon burial. No correlations were established between organic geochemical results and grain size indicating the latter parameter is not a major driver of carbon preservation at Biggar. High C/N ratios were found with highest in the high marsh (16.85) decreasing seaward (11.85), C/N values indicate a high influence of terrestrial vegetation input of organic matter. Based on sea-level rise data it has been estimated that 67% of carbon will be lost from Biggar Saltmarsh with a sea-level rise of 7.1mm/yr. The high amounts of organic carbon found within Biggar Saltmarsh highlights the importance of these blue carbon environments and the need to protect them in relation to future sea-level rise and anthropogenic impacts.
Dr. Dayton
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1870
Subjects: East Hampton
Photographs
Cabinet photographs
Portrait photographs
Portraits
Men

description: This image shows Dr. Dayton seated for a portrait. This photograph is part of a collection of photographs found in the ceiling of 140A Main Street, now 138, in East Hampton in 1970. This collection was donated by Joan Osborne in April 1995.
EXPERIENCE WITH DESLORATADINE IN PATIENTS WITH AUTOIMMUNE URTICARIA
Creators: name: N.T. Turayev
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Desloratadine is an effective histamine H1 receptor blocker in the complex treatment of patients with various allergic diseases. The article presents literature data on the clinical efficacy and safety of desloratadine in the treatment of autoimmune urticaria of various etiologies and courses.
High resolution insight into Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection and immunity in Africa to inform on intervention strategies
Creators: name: McNaughton, Anna L.
name: Lourenço, José
name: Bester, Phillip Armand
name: Jolynne  Mokaya
name: Lumley, Sheila F.
name: Donall  Forde
name: Tongai G. Maponga
name: Katumba, Kenneth R.
name: Goedhals, Dominique
name: Gupta, Sunetra
name: Seeley, Janet
name: Newton, Robert
name: Ponsiano  Ocama
name: Matthews, Philippa C.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: In this study, we examined the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg), a biomarker of active infection and, exposure to the virus (determined by anti-HBc prevalence) on the African continent.
HBsAg prevalence was found to be strongly correlated with total anti-HBc, p <0·0001. Considerable regional differences in the relationship between anti-HBc and HBsAg are present in Africa, and numerous factors are likely to influence this relationship including, age at exposure, transmission routes, host genetics and viral genotype. The impact of these regional differences on intervention strategies remains poorly understood, and improving our insight into them will facilitate the development of relevant, targeted public health initiatives as we work towards the 2030 elimination goals.
Phebe Turbell
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1870
Subjects: East Hampton
Photographs
Cabinet photographs
Portrait photographs
Portraits
Women

description: This image shows a profile portrait of Phebe Turbell. This photograph is part of a collection of photographs found in the ceiling of 140A Main Street, now 138, in East Hampton in 1970. This collection was donated by Joan Osborne in April 1995.
Threshold resummation for squark-antisquark and gluino-pair production at the LHC
Creators: name: Kulesza, A.
name: Motyka, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of soft gluon emission in the hadroproduction of squark-antisquark and gluino-gluino pairs at the next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) accuracy within the framework of the minimal supersymmetric model. The one-loop soft anomalous dimension matrices controlling the colour evolution of the underlying hard-scattering processes are calculated. We present the resummed total cross sections and show numerical results for proton-proton collisions at 14 TeV. The size of the NLL contribution to the cross section and the reduction of the scale dependence of the theoretical predictions due to including soft gluon effects are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Microstrip resonator for microwaves with controllable polarization
Creators: name: Alegre, Thiago P. Mayer
name: de Souza, Antonio C. Torrezan
name: Medeiros-Ribeiro, Gilberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the authors implemented a resonator based upon microstrip cavities that permits the generation of microwaves with arbitrary polarization. Design, simulation, and implementation of the resonators were performed using standard printed circuit boards. The electric field distribution was mapped using a scanning probe cavity perturbation technique. Electron spin resonance using a standard marker was carried out in order to verify the polarization control from linear to circular.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett
The Fermi-Pasta-Ulam problem: periodic orbits, normal forms and resonance overlap criteria
Creators: name: Flach, S.
name: Ponno, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermi, Pasta and Ulam observed, that the excitation of a low frequency normal mode in a nonlinear acoustic chain leads to localization in normal mode space on large time scales. Fast equipartition (and thus complete delocalization) in the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam chain is restored if relevant intensive control parameters exceed certain threshold values. We compare recent results on periodic orbits (in the localization regime) and resonant normal forms (in a weak delocalization regime), and relate them to various resonance overlap criteria. We show that the approaches quantitatively agree in their estimate of the localization-delocalization threshold. A key ingredient for this transition are resonances of overtones.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Colloid-polymer mixtures in random porous media: Finite size scaling and connected versus disconnected susceptibilities
Creators: name: Vink, R. L. C.
name: Binder, K.
name: Loewen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a generic model for liquid-vapour type transitions in random porous media, the Asakura-Oosawa model for colloid-polymer mixtures is studied in a matrix of quenched spheres using extensive Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Since such systems at criticality, as well as in the two-phase region, exhibit lack of self-averaging, the analysis of MC data via finite size scaling requires special care. After presenting the necessary theoretical background and the resulting subtleties of finite size scaling in random-field Ising-type systems, we present data on the order parameter distribution (and its moments) as a function of colloid and polymer fugacities for a broad range of system sizes, and for many (thousands) realizations of the porous medium. Special attention is paid to the connected and disconnected susceptibilities, and their respective critical behavior. We show that both susceptibilities diverge at the critical point, and we demonstrate that this is compatible with the predicted scenario of random-field Ising universality.
description: 24 pages, CODEF II conference proceedings paper, Bonn, Germany (2008)
Multi-Dimensional Radiative Transfer Calculations of Double Detonations of Sub-Chandrasekhar-Mass White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Shen, Ken J.
name: Boos, Samuel J.
name: Townsley, Dean M.
name: Kasen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Study of the double detonation Type Ia supernova scenario, in which a helium shell detonation triggers a carbon core detonation in a sub-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf, has experienced a resurgence in the past decade. New evolutionary scenarios and a better understanding of which nuclear reactions are essential have allowed for successful explosions in white dwarfs with much thinner helium shells than in the original, decades-old incarnation of the double detonation scenario. In this paper, we present the first suite of light curves and spectra from multi-dimensional radiative transfer calculations of thin-shell double detonation models, exploring a range of white dwarf and helium shell masses. We find broad agreement with the observed light curves and spectra of non-peculiar Type Ia supernovae, from subluminous to overluminous subtypes, providing evidence that double detonations of sub-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarfs produce the bulk of observed Type Ia supernovae. Some discrepancies in spectral velocities and colors persist, but these may be brought into agreement by future calculations that include more accurate initial conditions and radiation transport physics.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Same as previous arXiv version
Unidentified Women with Hair Set in Curls
Creators: name: Gallery, Sherman Vignette
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1870
Subjects: East Hampton
Photographs
Cabinet photographs
Portrait photographs
Portraits
Women

description: This image shows a portrait of a unidentified women with hair set in curls. This photograph is part of a collection of photographs found in the ceiling of 140A Main Street, now 138, in East Hampton in 1970. This collection was donated by Joan Osborne in April 1995.
Fractal classes of matroids
Creators: name: Mayhew, Dillon
name: Newman, M
name: Whittle, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 10199 Pure Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified

description: A minor-closed class of matroids is (strongly) fractal if the number of n-element matroids in the class is dominated by the number of n-element excluded minors. We conjecture that when K is an infinite field, the class of K-representable matroids is strongly fractal. We prove that the class of sparse paving matroids with at most k circuit-hyperplanes is a strongly fractal class when k is at least three. The minor-closure of the class of spikes with at most k circuit-hyperplanes (with k≥5) satisfies a strictly weaker condition: the number of 2t-element matroids in the class is dominated by the number of 2t-element excluded minors. However, there are only finitely many excluded minors with ground sets of odd size.
Graphene-based autonomous pyroelectric system for near-field energy conversion
Creators: name: Latella, Ivan
name: Ben-Abdallah, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the close vicinity of a hot solid, at distances smaller than the thermal wavelength, a strong electromagnetic energy density exists because of the presence of evanescent field. Here we explore the possibility to harvest this energy using graphene-based pyroelectric conversion devices made with an active layer encapsulated between two graphene field-effect transistors (GFETs) deposited on the source and on the cold sink. By tuning the bias voltage applied to the gates of these transistors, the thermal state and the spontaneous polarization of the active layer can be controlled at kHz frequencies. We demonstrate that the power density generated by these conversion systems can reach 1300 W/m^2 using pyroelectric Ericsson cycles, a value which surpasses the current production capacity of near-field thermophotovoltaic conversion devices by more than five orders of magnitude with low grade heat sources (T<500 K) and small temperature differences (DT~100 K).
On pointed Hopf algebras associated with the symmetric groups
Creators: name: Andruskiewitsch, Nicolás
name: Fantino, Fernando
name: Zhang, Shouchuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30, 17B37

description: It is an important open problem whether the dimension of the Nichols algebra B(O,ρ) is finite when O is the class of the transpositions and ρis the sign representation, with m>= 6. In the present paper, we discard most of the other conjugacy classes showing that very few pairs (O,ρ) might give rise to finite-dimensional Nichols algebras.
description: 14 pages; typos added in abstract
Glassy dynamics of sticky hard spheres beyond the mode-coupling regime
Creators: name: Luo, Chengjie
name: Janssen, Liesbeth M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sticky hard spheres, i.e., hard particles decorated with a short-ranged attractive interaction potential, constitute a relatively simple model with highly non-trivial glassy dynamics. The mode-coupling theory of the glass transition (MCT) offers a qualitative account of the complex reentrant dynamics of sticky hard spheres, but the predicted glass transition point is notoriously underestimated. Here we apply an improved first-principles-based theory, referred to as generalized mode-coupling theory (GMCT), to sticky hard spheres. This theoretical framework seeks to go beyond MCT by hierarchically expanding the dynamics in higher-order density correlation functions -- an approach that may become exact if sufficiently many correlations are taken into account. We predict the phase diagrams from the first few levels of the GMCT hierarchy and the dynamics-related critical exponents, all of which are much closer to the empirical observations than MCT. Notably, the prominent reentrant glassy dynamics, the glass-glass transition, and the higher-order bifurcation singularity classes ($A_3$ and $A_4$) of sticky hard spheres are found to be preserved within GMCT at arbitrary order. Moreover, we demonstrate that when the hierarchical order of GMCT increases, the effect of the short-ranged attractive interactions becomes more evident in the dynamics. This implies that GMCT is more sensitive to subtle microstructural differences than MCT, and that the framework provides a promising first-principles approach to systematically go beyond the MCT regime.
description: Invited contribution for the Soft Matter Emerging Investigators 2021 issue
El siglo XVII: Un siglo de oro, de hierro y... de hielo
Creators: name: Rivero, Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History
subject: 210307 European History (excl. British, Classical Greek and Roman)
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 219999 History and Archaeology not elsewhere classified
subject: 220209 History of Ideas
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 210399 Historical Studies not elsewhere classified

description: Introducción a un curso dividido en siete temas sobre el siglo XVII que se va a impartir en la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Analyte excitation and ionization in the argon inductively coupled plasma
Creators: name: Caughlin, Brenda Lea
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A new approach to evaluating departures from local thermal equilibrium (LTE) in the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is described. Experimentally evaluated electron density (n[sub e]) is used as the basis for an LTE framework. Spatially resolved, radial electron density profiles were measured under a variety of plasma operating conditions. The variation of n[sub e] with spatial position, aerosol flow rate, input power and presence of easily ionizable elements was determined. The measured n[sub e] was used to calculate an LTE temperature, T[sub e,LTE]. This temperature was higher than most spectroscopically measured temperatures in the plasma. LTE ion-atom emission intensity ratios for Sr, Ca, Mg, Cd and Zn were calculated from n[sub e] and T[sub e,LTE] compared to experimental values. Ion-atom ratios were within an order of magnitude of LTE values and, in most cases, less than the LTE values. The infrathermal ion-atom ratios were interpreted as being due to an overpopulation of the atom levels relative to LTE populations. Experimental degree of ionization was evaluated for a number of elements and compared to LTE values. Elements were underionized relative to LTE values. Degree of ionization and departure from LTE were correlated with ionization potential of the element. Elements with a high ionization potential had lower degrees of ionization and exhibited greater departures from LTE than elements of lower ionization potential. The underionization and infrathermal ion-atom intensity ratios are attributed to overpopulation of atom levels. The experimental observations and results of other plasma diagnostic studies are discussed in terms of a partial LTE (p-LTE) model for the ICP. The ion ground state and upper energy levels of atoms are in Saha equilibrium. Lower atomic levels are over populated with respect to these levels. The overpopulation of the lower levels is a consequence of radiative depopulating processes, such as radiative decay and radiative recombination, not being balanced by their inverse absorption processes. For low lying atomic levels where radiative processes make significant contribution to the total depopulation rates this improper balance causes deviations from LTE populations. The atom ground state is the most overpopulated level and overpopulation decreases with increasing energy of the level until p-LTE is reached for the upper atomic levels.