cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Isotropic-Nematic Interface with an Oblique Anchoring Condition
Creators: name: Kamil, S. M.
name: Bhattacharjee, A. K.
name: Adhikari, R.
name: Menon, Gautam I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical and analytic results for uniaxial and biaxial order at the isotropic-nematic interface within Ginzburg-Landau-de Gennes theory. We study the case where an oblique anchoring condition is imposed asymptotically on the nematic side of the interface, reproducing results of previous work when this condition reduces to planar or homoeotropic anchoring. We construct physically motivated and computationally flexible variational profiles for uniaxial and biaxial order, comparing our variational results to numerical results obtained from a minimization of the Ginzburg-Landau-de Gennes free energy. While spatial variations of the scalar uniaxial and biaxial order parameters are confined to the neighbourhood of the interface, nematic elasticity requires that the director orientation interpolate linearly between either planar or homoeotropic anchoring at the location of the interface and the imposed boundary condition at infinity. The selection of planar or homoeotropic anchoring at the interface is governed by the sign of the Ginzburg-Landau-de Gennes elastic coefficient L_2. Our variational calculations are in close agreement with our numerics and agree qualitatively with results from density functional theory and molecular simulations.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
Developing Guidelines for Metadata Collection and Curation for Research Software
Creators: name: Gruenpeter, Morane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research software
Metadata
curation
CodeMeta
PID
SWHID

description: This presentation was part of the FAIR-IMPACT webinar conducted on May 23rd 2023 to review the first draft of the Resaerch Software MetaData (RSMD) guidelines for the collection and curation of metadata. These Guidelines provide a set of recommendations to archive, reference, describe and cite research software following existing community practices (e.g the FAIR4RS principles). During the webinar inputs were requested from participants on a Q&A document and on a shared Google doc. The guidelines were developed by the FAIR-IMPACT "Standard metadata for research software" team, with joint efforts of the other partners in the FAIR-IMPACT project and the FAIRCORE4EOSC project. The agenda includes: Research Software in the FAIR-IMPACT project  Preparing the guidelines - a large community effort  The Research Software MetaData (RSMD) guidelines proposal How to contribute after this webinar?
description: {"references": ["https://fair-impact.eu/events/fairimpact-events/developing-guidelines-metadata-collection-and-curation-research-software", "https://youtu.be/UbjcojT2rD8"]}
Automatic diagnosis of retinal diseases from color retinal images
Creators: name: Jayanthi, D.
name: Devi, N.
name: SwarnaParvathi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Teleophthalmology holds a great potential to improve the quality, access, and affordability in health care. For patients, it can reduce the need for travel and provide the access to a superspecialist. Ophthalmology lends itself easily to telemedicine as it is a largely image based diagnosis. The main goal of the proposed system is to diagnose the type of disease in the retina and to automatically detect and segment retinal diseases without human supervision or interaction. The proposed system will diagnose the disease present in the retina using a neural network based classifier.The extent of the disease spread in the retina can be identified by extracting the textural features of the retina. This system will diagnose the following type of diseases: Diabetic Retinopathy and Drusen.
description: IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS January 2010, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
Penetrability of a western red cedar stem.
Creators: name: Jurazs, Peter Ernest
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Penetrability of a single western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) stem was investigated using three types of preservatives, namely, coal-tar creosote, 5% penta-chlorophenol solution in oil and 2% Wolman salt (type A) solution in water. The retentions of all three preservatives in the sapwood zone exceeded those in the heartwood. The inner, darker heartwood was superior in penetrability, retaining on the average two to three times more preservatives than did the outer, straw-coloured heartwood. A multiple linear regression technique was used to evaluate the importance of independent variables as they affected the penetrability of the western red cedar heartwood. The following independent variables were considered: age, distance from the pith, growth rate, percentage of latewood, specific gravity, colour, hot-water solubility, and effective one per cent caustic soda solubility (hot-water solubility subtracted from 1% NaOH solubility) of the samples. The colour variable for creosote and pentachlorophenol, and the age variable for Wolman salt were the most important variables. Colour was measured using a Model "F" Agtron electronic colour instrument which expressed the colour numerically on a continuous scale. No thujaplicins - natural preservatives - were found in the pith region of the heartwood, nor in the sap-wood. Around the 50-year age mark thujaplicins began to appear, and their content increased towards the bark, reaching a maximum of 0.835 per cent in the zone next to the sapwood. A fungal infection, believed to be caused by one of the Fungi Imperfect of the white rot type, was found spreading from the pith region outward in the heartwood. In the region where thujaplicin concentration reached 0.361 to 0.549 per cent the fungal infection was not found.
Maximizing the number of q-colorings
Creators: name: Loh, Po-Shen
name: Pikhurko, Oleg
name: Sudakov, Benny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C35; 05C15

description: Let P_G(q) denote the number of proper q-colorings of a graph G. This function, called the chromatic polynomial of G, was introduced by Birkhoff in 1912, who sought to attack the famous four-color problem by minimizing P_G(4) over all planar graphs G. Since then, motivated by a variety of applications, much research was done on minimizing or maximizing P_G(q) over various families of graphs. In this paper, we study an old problem of Linial and Wilf, to find the graphs with n vertices and m edges which maximize the number of q-colorings. We provide the first approach which enables one to solve this problem for many nontrivial ranges of parameters. Using our machinery, we show that for each q >= 4 and sufficiently large m < κ_q n^2 where κ_q is approximately 1/(q log q), the extremal graphs are complete bipartite graphs minus the edges of a star, plus isolated vertices. Moreover, for q = 3, we establish the structure of optimal graphs for all large m <= n^2/4, confirming (in a stronger form) a conjecture of Lazebnik from 1989.
description: 44 pages + 9 page appendix of Mathematica computations; minor revisions
Suppression of spin-pumping by a MgO tunnel-barrier
Creators: name: Mosendz, O.
name: Pearson, J. E.
name: Fradin, F. Y.
name: Bader, S. D.
name: Hoffmann, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-pumping generates pure spin currents in normal metals at the ferromagnet (F)/normal metal (N) interface. The efficiency of spin-pumping is given by the spin mixing conductance, which depends on N and the F/N interface. We directly study the spin-pumping through an MgO tunnel-barrier using the inverse spin Hall effect, which couples spin and charge currents and provides a direct electrical detection of spin currents in the normal metal. We find that spin-pumping is suppressed by the tunnel-barrier, which is contrary to recent studies that suggest that the spin mixing conductance can be enhanced by a tunnel-barrier inserted at the interface.
Interaction of vortices in viscous planar flows
Creators: name: Gallay, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76D05; 76D17

description: We consider the inviscid limit for the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equation in the particular case where the initial flow is a finite collection of point vortices. We suppose that the initial positions and the circulations of the vortices do not depend on the viscosity parameter ν, and we choose a time T > 0 such that the Helmholtz-Kirchhoff point vortex system is well-posed on the interval [0,T]. Under these assumptions, we prove that the solution of the Navier-Stokes equation converges, as ν-> 0, to a superposition of Lamb-Oseen vortices whose centers evolve according to a viscous regularization of the point vortex system. Convergence holds uniformly in time, in a strong topology which allows to give an accurate description of the asymptotic profile of each individual vortex. In particular, we compute to leading order the deformations of the vortices due to mutual interactions. This allows to estimate the self-interactions, which play an important role in the convergence proof.
description: 39 pages, 1 figure
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF UPWARD STOPPING MUONS IN NUSEX
Creators: name: M. AGLIETTA
name: G. BADINO
name: G. BOLOGNA
name: C. CASTAGNOLI
name: A. CASTELLINA
name: B. D'ETTORRE PIAZZOLI
name: W. FULGIONE
name: P. GALEOTTI
name: G. MANNOCCHI
name: P. PICCHI
name: O. SAAVEDRA
name: G. TRINCHERO
name: S. VERNETTO
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1991

description: A search for upward going stopping muon events has been performed using the NUSEX detector. The experimental flux, (1.31 http://grid.ct.infn.it/notes/pdf/LNF-91-028%28P%29.pdf 0.46) 10^13 μ/cm^2 sr, is in good agreement with the theoretical expectations of muon production from atmospheric neutrinos. The experimental limit on the flux of muons produced by high energy neutrinos from the Sun is compared to the expectations based on cold dark matter hypothesis, and mass limits on different candidates are set.
Changing Neighbors k Secure Sum Protocol for Secure Multi Party Computation
Creators: name: Sheikh, Rashid
name: Kumar, Beerendra
name: Mishra, Durgesh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Secure sum computation of private data inputs is an important component of Secure Multi party Computation (SMC).In this paper we provide a protocol to compute the sum of individual data inputs with zero probability of data leakage. In our proposed protocol we break input of each party into number of segments and change the arrangement of the parties such that in each round of the computation the neighbors are changed. In this protocol it becomes impossible for semi honest parties to know the private data of some other party.
description: IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS January 2010, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
Short-Range Order in Hydrogenated Amorphous Si-C Alloys Studied BY EXTENDED X-RAY ABSORPTION FINE STRUCTURE
Creators: name: S. Pascarelli
name: F. Boscherini
name: S. Mobilio
name: F. Evangelisti
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1992

description: The local structure of hydrogenated amorphous Si-C alloy films, a-Si_1-x C_x:H, has been studied by measuring the extended X-ray absorption fine structure at the Si K edge. The first-coordination-shell average bond lengths are found to be 2.35 A for Si-Si and 1.86 A for Si-C and are constant with concentration to within ±0.015 A. By comparing the composition of the first coordination shell around silicon with the average concentration, it is shown that the alloy tends to be chemically ordered, in that heteroatomic bonds are preferred.
A Super-Earth caught in a trap
Creators: name: Podlewska, Edyta
name: Szuszkiewicz, Ewa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is an extension of the work done by Pierens & Nelson (2008) in which they have investigated the behaviour of a two-planet system embedded in a protoplanetary disc. They have put a Jupiter mass gas giant on the internal orbit and a lower mass planet on the external one. We consider here a similar problem taking into account a gas giant with masses in the range of 0.5 to 1 Jupiter mass and a Super-Earth as the outermost planet. By changing disc parameters and planet masses we have succeeded in getting the convergent migration which allows for the possibility of their resonant locking. However, in the case in which the gas giant has the mass of Jupiter, before any mean motion first order commensurability could be achieved, the Super-Earth is caught in a trap when it is very close to the edge of the gap opened by the giant planet. This confirms the result obtained by Pierens & Nelson (2008) in their simulations. Additionally, we have found that, in a very thin disc, an apsidal resonance is observed in the system if the Super-Earth is captured in the trap. Moreover, the eccentricity of the small planet remains low, while that of the gas giant increases slightly due to the imbalance between Lindblad and corotational resonances. We have also studied analogous systems in which the gas giant is allowed to take Sub-Jupiter masses. In this case, after performing an extensive survey over all possible parameters, we have succeeded in getting the 1:2 mean motion resonant configuration only in a disc with low aspect ratio and low surface density. However, the resonance is maintained just for few thousand orbits. Thus, we conclude that for typical protoplanetary discs the mean motion commensurabilities are rare if the Super-Earth is located on the external orbit relative to the gas giant. (abridged)
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The elastic constants of MgSiO3 perovskite at pressures and temperatures of the Earth's mantle
Creators: name: Oganov, A. R.
name: Brodholt, J. P.
name: Price, G. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature anomalies in the Earth's mantle associated with thermal convection1 can be inferred from seismic tomography, provided that the elastic properties of mantle minerals are known as a function of temperature at mantle pressures. At present, however, such information is difficult to obtain directly through laboratory experiments. We have therefore taken advantage of recent advances in computer technology, and have performed finite-temperature ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the elastic properties of MgSiO3 perovskite, the major mineral of the lower mantle, at relevant thermodynamic conditions. When combined with the results from tomographic images of the mantle, our results indicate that the lower mantle is either significantly anelastic or compositionally heterogeneous on large scales. We found the temperature contrast between the coldest and hottest regions of the mantle, at a given depth, to be about 800K at 1000 km, 1500K at 2000 km, and possibly over 2000K at the core-mantle boundary.
description: Published in: Nature 411, 934-937 (2001)
Surface plasmon resonances of an arbitrarily shaped nanoparticle: High frequency asymptotics via pseudo-differential operators
Creators: name: Grieser, Daniel
name: Rüting, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the surface plasmon modes of an arbitrarily shaped nanoparticle in the electrostatic limit. We first deduce an eigenvalue equation for these modes, expressed in terms of the Dirichlet-Neumann operators. We then use the properties of these pseudo-differential operators for deriving the limit of the high-order modes.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, to appear in: Journal of Physics A
Orbitally induced string formation in the spin-orbital polarons
Creators: name: Wohlfeld, Krzysztof
name: Oles, Andrzej M.
name: Horsch, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectral function of a single hole doped into the (a,b) plane of the Mott insulator LaVO$_3$, with antiferromagnetic (AF) spin order of S=1 spins accompanied by alternating orbital (AO) order of active $\{d_{yz},d_{zx}\}$ orbitals. Starting from the respective t-J model, with spin-orbital superexchange and effective three-site hopping terms, we derive the polaron Hamiltonian and show that a hole couples simultaneously to the collective excitations of the AF/AO phase, magnons and orbitons. Next, we solve this polaron problem using the self-consistent Born approximation and find a stable quasiparticle solution -- a spin-orbital polaron. We show that the spin-orbital polaron resembles the orbital polaron found in $e_g$ systems, as e.g. in K$_2$CuF$_4$ or (to some extent) in LaMnO$_3$, and that the hole may be seen as confined in a string-like potential. However, the spins also play a crucial role in the formation of this polaron -- we explain how the orbital degrees of freedom: (i) confine the spin dynamics acting on the hole as the classical Ising spins, and (ii) generate the string potential which is of the joint spin-orbital character. Finally, we discuss the impact of the results presented here on the understanding of the phase diagrams of the lightly doped cubic vanadates.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures; to appear in Physical Review B
A farewell to R: time-series models for tracking and forecasting epidemics.
Creators: name: Harvey, Andrew
name: Kattuman, Paul
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: State-space model
Kalman Filter
Waves
Gompertz Curve
Covid-19
Stochastic Trend
Humans
Models, Statistical
Bayes Theorem
Forecasting
Epidemics
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2

description: The time-dependent reproduction number, Rt, is a key metric used by epidemiologists to assess the current state of an outbreak of an infectious disease. This quantity is usually estimated using time-series observations on new infections combined with assumptions about the distribution of the serial interval of transmissions. Bayesian methods are often used with the new cases data smoothed using a simple, but to some extent arbitrary, moving average. This paper describes a new class of time-series models, estimated by classical statistical methods, for tracking and forecasting the growth rate of new cases and deaths. Very few assumptions are needed and those that are made can be tested. Estimates of Rt, together with their standard deviations, are obtained as a by-product.
title: Teaching Business German and Regional Studies through Novels
Creators: name: Bloch, Brian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: This article is an extension and development of my earlier article Using Literature to Teach Cross-Cultural Management: A German Perspective (Bloch 1996). In that article, I described the concept of using literature to teach culture and the various benefits to instructors and students, and I surveyed, in a general fashion, the teaching methods. I also looked briefly at a fairly extensive number of novels and other sources which can be used to good effect. In this article, I sum up the overall rationale and focus specifically on three novels which I believe are particularly well-suited to teaching Business German and Regional Studies. The basic difference between this article and the previous one is that this one deals in relative depth with three works only, rather than providing a wide-ranging survey. Business German can be defined as teaching the language, related cultural and other cross-disciplinary issues in a business, rather than a general or language and literature context. It is thus the commercial framework and ambience that converts a standard German course into Wirtschaftsdeutsch. Clearly, novels or parts thereof can provide this ambience, enabling students to strengthen not only their Business German, but knowledge of various other aspects of German commerce and life as well. Geography, history, politics, general and business culture and practice, perceptions of foreigners, and so on are all conveyed in a certain type of fictional work. The instructor can shift and balance the emphasis between Business German and Regional Studies as required.
The return of M. Gorky to dramaturgy in the Soviet epoch
Creators: name: Bohanec, Josip
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: From the fruitful literary activity of Gorky here are four dramas, presented as a unit of creation in his last years. Since he was pulled into the political whirl of his country, and consequently proclaimed the creator of social realism, it is indispensable to find out how much the artist in Gorky regimentated himself to the power of the Soviet regime. The last four dramas - virtually his last discernible literary accomplishment - may serve such a purpose. The method used here was that of literary analysis of the individual characters and settings, proved by the direct quotations of the text. Through such a procedure an attempt was made to bring about a general conclusion: although Gorky was a cherished idol of the proletarian bolshevik society he himself deviated from its ideological and social uniformity. Instead of complete acceptance of their cause, he expressed its weaknesses through the fine subtleties of his mind. This thesis intends to reveal them as they emerge from the text itself.
Effects of quantum noises and noisy quantum operations on entanglement and special dense coding
Creators: name: Quek, Sylvanus
name: Li, Ziang
name: Yeo, Ye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how, in the presence of quantum noises generated by non-commuting Lindblad operators, a maximally entangled Bell state may suffer entanglement sudden death (ESD). Similarly, ESD may occur when a Bell state is under the action of a quantum operation generated by a Hamiltonian in the presence of a quantum noise, provided that the Hamiltonian does not commute with the corresponding Lindblad operator. Practically this means noisy quantum operations could cause ESD during the encoding process in quantum communication protocols like special dense coding ($\cal S$). Next, we show how in the presence of quantum noises which cause ESD, a Bell state may lose its capacity for $\cal S$ before ESD occurs. Finally, we show that a Bell state may indeed fail to yield information transfer better than classically possible when the encoding operations of $\cal S$ are noisy, even though entanglement is not totally destroyed in the process.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Contributions to nesting ecology of forest birds.
Creators: name: Horvath, Otto
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An approximately 228 acres large forested area near Hope, B.C., has been investigated in the mahonietosum subassociation of Pseudotsugeto-Gaultherietum mesic association of the Coastal Douglas-fir Zone. Botanical survey and bird census work by the nest (or territory) mapping method were carried out during two summer seasons. Fifteen ecosystem types are described and their bird population, expressed in average densities per area unit as well as by average biomass is tabulated. Physical environmental conditions, especially pertaining to microclimate, were measured at 55 nests of the eight most common passerine species, and nest placing and construction has been considered at 167 nests of the same species. It has been found that the nesting of these species in their habitats is the function of the present vegetation, physical environment and the adaptive range of the species. In certain species the birds apparently chose nest sites with equable microclimate. In others it was found that the insulation of the nest varies according to the needs indicated by the extremes of the microclimate; again in others the nest material chosen provided the best available resistance to mechanical stresses. While other essential environmental requirements were not studied the results point toward an assumption that microclimate strongly influences the site, height, position, and material of the nests, and ultimately, the selection of nesting habitat of the birds studied.
The Role of Nutrition in Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Partha Sarathi, Celine I
name: Mowforth, Oliver D
name: Sinha, Amil
name: Bhatti, Faheem
name: Bhatti, Aniqah
name: Akhbari, Melika
name: Ahmed, Shahzaib
name: Davies, Benjamin M
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Review
Cervical cord
myelopathy
spondylosis
stenosis
ossification posterior longitudinal ligament
degeneration
nutritional status
malnutrition
vitamins
minerals
obesity
body weight
gastrointestinal diseases
electrolytes
hospitalisation

description: Introduction:: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is the commonest cause of adult spinal cord impairment worldwide, encompassing chronic compression of the spinal cord, neurological disability and diminished quality of life. Evidence on the contribution of environmental factors is sparse; in particular, the role of nutrition in DCM is unknown. The objective of this review was to assess the effect of nutrition on DCM susceptibility, severity and surgical outcome. Methods:: A systematic review in MEDLINE and Embase was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Full-text papers in English papers, focussing on cervical myelopathy and nutrition, published before January 2020 were considered eligible. Quality assessments were performed using the GRADE assessment tool. Patient demographics, nutritional factor and DCM outcomes measures were recorded. Relationships between nutritional factors, interventions and disease prognosis were assessed. Results:: In total, 5835 papers were identified of which 44 were included in the final analysis. DCM patients with pathological weight pre-operatively were more likely to see poorer improvements post-surgically. These patients experienced poorer physical and mental health improvements from surgery compared to normal weight patients and were more likely to suffer from post-operative complications such as infection, DVT, PE and hospital readmissions. Two trials reporting benefits of nutritional supplements were identified, with 1 suggesting Cerebrolysin to be significant in functional improvement. An unbalanced diet, history of alcohol abuse and malnourishment were associated with poorer post-operative outcome. Conclusion:: Although the overall strength of recommendation is low, current evidence suggests nutrition may have a significant role in optimising surgical outcome in DCM patients. Although it may have a role in onset and severity of DCM, this is a preliminary suggestion. Further work needs to be done on how nutrition is defined and measured, however, the beneficial results from studies with nutritional interventions suggest nutrition could be a treatment target in DCM.
The KLOE Central Drift Chamber (Addendum to the KLOE Technical Proposal)
Creators: name: KLOE-Collaboration
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1994

description: We present in the following a design of the central tracking chamber for the KLOE detector. Included are extensive report on test results gleaned from prototype tests, experience with construction of a full length sector prototype, and detailed reports on simulation of the chamber performances.
Theoretical and experimental evidence for a post-perovskite phase of MgSiO3 in Earth's D" layer
Creators: name: Oganov, A. R.
name: Ono, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Earth's lower mantle is believed to be composed mainly of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 perovskite, with lesser amounts of (Mg,Fe)O and CaSiO3). But it has not been possible to explain many unusual properties of the lowermost 150 km of the mantle (the D" layer) with this mineralogy. Here, using ab initio simulations and high-pressure experiments, we show that at pressures and temperatures of the D" layer, MgSiO3 transforms from perovskite into a layered CaIrO3-type post-perovskite phase. The elastic properties of the post-perovskite phase and its stability field explain several observed puzzling properties of the D" layer: its seismic anisotropy, the strongly undulating shear-wave discontinuity at its top and possibly the anticorrelation between shear and bulk sound velocities.
description: PUBLISHED IN Nature 430, 445-448 (2004)
A note on the Poisson boundary of lamplighter random walks
Creators: name: Sava, Ecaterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J50, 60B15, 05C05, 20E08

description: The main goal of this paper is to determine the Poisson boundary of lamplighter random walks over a general class of discrete groups $Γ$ endowed with a rich boundary. The starting point is the Strip Criterion of identification of the Poisson boundary for random walks on discrete groups due to Kaimanovich. A geometrical method for constructing the strip as a subset of the lamplighter group starting with a smaller strip in the base group $Γ$ is developed. Then, this method is applied to several classes of base groups $Γ$: groups with infinitely many ends, hyperbolic groups in the sense of Gromov, and Euclidean lattices. We show that under suitable hypothesis the Poisson boundary for a class of random walks on lamplighter groups is the space of infinite limit configurations.
description: 18 pages, no figures
Commissioning and Operating Experience with the LISA Superconducting Accelerator
Creators: name: M. Castellano
name: L. Catani
name: M. Ferrario
name: S. Kulinski
name: M. Minestrini
name: P. Patteri
name: S. Tazzari
name: F. Tazzioli
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1996

description: The commissioning of the LISA superconducting (SC) RF electron linac at INFN Frascati Laboratories has been concluded although, due to a change in program priorities, the full possibilities of the machine have not been exploited.In this report we illustrate the results achieved so far and the difficulties encountered in commissioning, with the hope that this material might be of some help to those who intend to start the enterprise of building a SC linac in a non specialized environment.The part concerning the SC system is particularly stressed, but a relevant attention is also devoted to the traditional room temperature injector, the proper setting of which is fundamental to achieving the high beam quality that such a machine allows.
Random Tensors and Planted Cliques
Creators: name: Brubaker, S. Charles
name: Vempala, Santosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The r-parity tensor of a graph is a generalization of the adjacency matrix, where the tensor's entries denote the parity of the number of edges in subgraphs induced by r distinct vertices. For r=2, it is the adjacency matrix with 1's for edges and -1's for nonedges. It is well-known that the 2-norm of the adjacency matrix of a random graph is O(\sqrt{n}). Here we show that the 2-norm of the r-parity tensor is at most f(r)\sqrt{n}\log^{O(r)}n, answering a question of Frieze and Kannan who proved this for r=3. As a consequence, we get a tight connection between the planted clique problem and the problem of finding a vector that approximates the 2-norm of the r-parity tensor of a random graph. Our proof method is based on an inductive application of concentration of measure.
Nonlinear Realizations of Superconformal and W Algebras Embeddings of Strings
Creators: name: S. Bellucci
name: V. Gribanov
name: E. Ivanov
name: S. Krivonos
name: A. Pashnev
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1997

description: We propose a simple method for constructing representations od (super) conformal and nonlinear W-type algebras in terms of their subalgebras and coresponding Nambu-Goldstone fields. We apply it to N=2 and N=1 superconformal algebras and describe in this subalgebras define world-sheet symmetries. Besides reproducing the known exmples, we present some new ones, in particular an embedding of the bosonic string with additionsl U(1) affine symmetry into N=2 superstring. We also apply our method to the nonlinear W(2)3 algebra and demonstrate that the linearization procedure worked out for it some time ago gets a natural interpretation as kind of string embedding. All these embeddingd include the critial ones as particular cases.
An open-source machine learning framework for global analyses of parton distributions
Creators: name: Ball, Richard D.
name: Carrazza, Stefano
name: Cruz-Martinez, Juan
name: Del Debbio, Luigi
name: Forte, Stefano
name: Giani, Tommaso
name: Iranipour, Shayan
name: Kassabov, Zahari
name: Latorre, Jose I.
name: Nocera, Emanuele R.
name: Pearson, Rosalyn L.
name: Rojo, Juan
name: Stegeman, Roy
name: Schwan, Christopher
name: Ubiali, Maria
name: Voisey, Cameron
name: Wilson, Michael
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Special Article - Tools for Experiment and Theory

description: Abstract: We present the software framework underlying the NNPDF4.0 global determination of parton distribution functions (PDFs). The code is released under an open source licence and is accompanied by extensive documentation and examples. The code base is composed by a PDF fitting package, tools to handle experimental data and to efficiently compare it to theoretical predictions, and a versatile analysis framework. In addition to ensuring the reproducibility of the NNPDF4.0 (and subsequent) determination, the public release of the NNPDF fitting framework enables a number of phenomenological applications and the production of PDF fits under user-defined data and theory assumptions.
Finite-key analysis for practical implementations of quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Cai, Raymond Y. Q.
name: Scarani, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lists of bits processed in quantum key distribution are necessarily of finite length. The need for finite-key unconditional security bounds has been recognized long ago, but the theoretical tools have become available only very recently. We provide finite-key unconditional security bounds for two practical implementations of the Bennett-Brassard 1984 coding: prepare-and-measure implementations without decoy states, and entanglement-based implementations. A finite-key bound for prepare-and-measure implementations with decoy states is also derived under a simplified treatment of the statistical fluctuations. The presentation is tailored to allow direct application of the bounds in experiments. Finally, the bounds are also evaluated on a priori reasonable expected values of the observed parameters.
description: Typo in eq.(3) corrected
X-ray Scattering in capillary waveguides
Creators: name: S.B. Dabagov
name: A. Marcelli
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2000

description: In the past unexpected coherent phenomena associated with propagation of soft x-ray synchrotron radiation through capillary optical elements (polycapillary lenses and systems of capillaries) have been observed and investigated. In this letter theoretical analysis on x-ray scattering at grazing angles inside capillaries is presented.
Recombinant expression of insoluble enzymes in Escherichia coli: a systematic review of experimental design and its manufacturing implications
Creators: name: Mital, Suraj
name: Christie, Graham
name: Dikicioglu, Duygu
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Review
Escherichia coli
Recombinant industrial enzymes
Difficult to express enzymes
Inclusion bodies
Systems biology
Solubility

description: Funder: Johnson Matthey Cambridge
description: Abstract: Recombinant enzyme expression in Escherichia coli is one of the most popular methods to produce bulk concentrations of protein product. However, this method is often limited by the inadvertent formation of inclusion bodies. Our analysis systematically reviews literature from 2010 to 2021 and details the methods and strategies researchers have utilized for expression of difficult to express (DtE), industrially relevant recombinant enzymes in E. coli expression strains. Our review identifies an absence of a coherent strategy with disparate practices being used to promote solubility. We discuss the potential to approach recombinant expression systematically, with the aid of modern bioinformatics, modelling, and ‘omics’ based systems-level analysis techniques to provide a structured, holistic approach. Our analysis also identifies potential gaps in the methods used to report metadata in publications and the impact on the reproducibility and growth of the research in this field.
A moving boundary model motivated by electric breakdown: II. Initial value problem
Creators: name: Kao, Chiu-Yen
name: Brau, Fabian
name: Ebert, Ute
name: Schaefer, Lothar
name: Tanveer, Saleh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interfacial approximation of the streamer stage in the evolution of sparks and lightning can be formulated as a Laplacian growth model regularized by a 'kinetic undercooling' boundary condition. Using this model we study both the linearized and the full nonlinear evolution of small perturbations of a uniformly translating circle. Within the linear approximation analytical and numerical results show that perturbations are advected to the back of the circle, where they decay. An initially analytic interface stays analytic for all finite times, but singularities from outside the physical region approach the interface for $t\to\infty$, which results in some anomalous relaxation at the back of the circle. For the nonlinear evolution numerical results indicate that the circle is the asymptotic attractor for small perturbations, but larger perturbations may lead to branching. We also present results for more general initial shapes, which demonstrate that regularization by kinetic undercooling cannot guarantee smooth interfaces globally in time.
description: 44 pages, 18 figures, paper submitted to Physica D
NERONE: First Tests in Sea Water
Creators: name: M. Cordelli
name: R. Habel
name: A. Martini
name: L. Trasatti
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2001

description: We have built a prototype of a new instrument designed to measure with high accuracy and without any bias the attenuation length of light in clean water (NERONE). The instrument has been tested for the first time at low depth in the sea during a cruise on the CNR oceanographic ship THETIS on November 6, 2001, and its performance was satisfactory
A more accurate method for colocalisation analysis allowing for multiple causal variants.
Creators: name: Wallace, Chris
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: In genome-wide association studies (GWAS) it is now common to search for, and find, multiple causal variants located in close proximity. It has also become standard to ask whether different traits share the same causal variants, but one of the popular methods to answer this question, coloc, makes the simplifying assumption that only a single causal variant exists for any given trait in any genomic region. Here, we examine the potential of the recently proposed Sum of Single Effects (SuSiE) regression framework, which can be used for fine-mapping genetic signals, for use with coloc. SuSiE is a novel approach that allows evidence for association at multiple causal variants to be evaluated simultaneously, whilst separating the statistical support for each variant conditional on the causal signal being considered. We show this results in more accurate coloc inference than other proposals to adapt coloc for multiple causal variants based on conditioning. We therefore recommend that coloc be used in combination with SuSiE to optimise accuracy of colocalisation analyses when multiple causal variants exist.
Anisotropy of Earth's D" layer and stacking faults in the MgSiO3 post-perovskite phase
Creators: name: Oganov, A. R.
name: Martonak, R.
name: Laio, A.
name: Raiteri, P.
name: Parrinello, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The post-perovskite phase of (Mg,Fe)SiO3 is believed to be the main mineral phase of the Earth's lowermost mantle (the D" layer). Its properties explain numerous geophysical observations associated with this layer - for example, the D'' discontinuity, its topography and seismic anisotropy within the layer. Here we use a novel simulation technique, first-principles metadynamics, to identify a family of low-energy polytypic stacking-fault structures intermediate between the perovskite and post-perovskite phases. Metadynamics trajectories identify plane sliding involving the formation of stacking faults as the most favourable pathway for the phase transition, and as a likely mechanism for plastic deformation of perovskite and postperovskite. In particular, the predicted slip planes are (010) for perovskite (consistent with experiment) and (110) for postperovskite (in contrast to the previously expected (010) slip planes). Dominant slip planes define the lattice preferred orientation and elastic anisotropy of the texture. The (110) slip planes in post-perovskite require a much smaller degree of lattice preferred orientation to explain geophysical observations of shear-wave anisotropy in the D" layer.
description: Published in Nature 438, 1142-1144 (2005)
title: Konpetentzia Digitalak. Graduko ikasleentzako formakuntza materialak: 1. Informazioa eta datuen tratamendua 1.3. Informazio, datu eta eduki digitalen kudeaketa: Aurkezpen bideoa
title: Competencias digitales. Materiales de formación para estudiantes de grado: 1. Información y tratamiento de datos 1.3. Gestión de información, datos y contenidos digitales: Vídeo de presentación
Creators: name: CRUE-REBIUN
Publisher: name: REBIUN
Year: 2019

description: Graduko ikasleentzako konpetentzia digitalei buruzko formakuntza materialen "1.3. Informazio, datu eta eduki digitalen kudeaketa" puntuko aurkezpen bideoa.
description: Vídeo de presentación del punto "1.3. Gestión de información, datos y contenidos digitales" de los materiales de formación sobre competencias digitales para estudiantes de grado.
A Probabilistic Model For Sequence Analysis
Creators: name: Priyam, Amrita
name: Karan, B. M.
name: Sahoo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a probabilistic approach for DNA sequence analysis. A DNA sequence consists of an arrangement of the four nucleotides A, C, T and G and different representation schemes are presented according to a probability measure associated with them. There are different ways that probability can be associated with the DNA sequence: one way is when the probability of an occurrence of a letter does not depend on the previous one (termed as unsuccessive probability) and in another scheme the probability of occurrence of a letter depends on its previous letter (termed as successive probability). Further, based on these probability measures graphical representations of the schemes are also presented. Using the diagram probability measure one can easily calculate an associated probability measure which can serve as a parameter to check how close is a new sequence to already existing ones.
description: IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS January 2010, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
Associations between online food outlet access and online food delivery service use amongst adults in the UK: a cross-sectional analysis of linked data
Creators: name: Keeble, Matthew
name: Adams, Jean
name: Vanderlee, Lana
name: Hammond, David
name: Burgoine, Thomas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research
Diet
Food delivery
Food environment
Fast foods
Obesity
Online food delivery services
Public health
Takeaway foods

description: Abstract: Background: Online food delivery services facilitate ‘online’ access to food outlets that typically sell lenergy-dense nutrient-poor food. Greater online food outlet access might be related to the use of this purchasing format and living with excess bodyweight, however, this is not known. We aimed to investigate the association between aspects of online food outlet access and online food delivery service use, and differences according to customer sociodemographic characteristics, as well as the association between the number of food outlets accessible online and bodyweight. Methods: In 2019, we used an automated data collection method to collect data on all food outlets in the UK registered with the leading online food delivery service Just Eat (n = 33,204). We linked this with contemporaneous data on food purchasing, bodyweight, and sociodemographic information collected through the International Food Policy Study (analytic sample n = 3067). We used adjusted binomial logistic, linear, and multinomial logistic regression models to examine associations. Results: Adults in the UK had online access to a median of 85 food outlets (IQR: 34–181) and 85 unique types of cuisine (IQR: 64–108), and 15.1% reported online food delivery service use in the previous week. Those with the greatest number of accessible food outlets (quarter four, 182–879) had 71% greater odds of online food delivery service use (OR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.68) compared to those with the least (quarter one, 0–34). This pattern was evident amongst adults with a university degree (OR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.15, 3.85), adults aged between 18 and 29 years (OR: 3.27, 95% CI: 1.59, 6.72), those living with children (OR: 1.94; 95% CI: 1.01; 3.75), and females at each level of increased exposure. We found no association between the number of unique types of cuisine accessible online and online food delivery service use, or between the number of food outlets accessible online and bodyweight. Conclusions: The number of food outlets accessible online is positively associated with online food delivery service use. Adults with the highest education, younger adults, those living with children, and females, were particularly susceptible to the greatest online food outlet access. Further research is required to investigate the possible health implications of online food delivery service use.