cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
JACC: An OpenACC Runtime Framework with Kernel-Level and Multi-GPU Parallelization
Creators: name: Matsumura, Kazuaki
name: De Gonzalo, Simon Garcia
name: Peña, Antonio J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapid development in computing technology has paved the way for directive-based programming models towards a principal role in maintaining software portability of performance-critical applications. Efforts on such models involve a least engineering cost for enabling computational acceleration on multiple architectures while programmers are only required to add meta information upon sequential code. Optimizations for obtaining the best possible efficiency, however, are often challenging. The insertions of directives by the programmer can lead to side-effects that limit the available compiler optimization possible, which could result in performance degradation. This is exacerbated when targeting multi-GPU systems, as pragmas do not automatically adapt to such systems, and require expensive and time consuming code adjustment by programmers. This paper introduces JACC, an OpenACC runtime framework which enables the dynamic extension of OpenACC programs by serving as a transparent layer between the program and the compiler. We add a versatile code-translation method for multi-device utilization by which manually-optimized applications can be distributed automatically while keeping original code structure and parallelism. We show in some cases nearly linear scaling on the part of kernel execution with the NVIDIA V100 GPUs. While adaptively using multi-GPUs, the resulting performance improvements amortize the latency of GPU-to-GPU communications.
description: Extended version of a paper to appear in: Proceedings of the 28th IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing, Data, and Analytics (HiPC), December 17-18, 2021
Nonlinear Thouless pumping: solitons and transport breakdown
Creators: name: Fu, Qidong
name: Wang, Peng
name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: Konotop, Vladimir V.
name: Ye, Fangwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional topological pumping of matter waves in two overlaid optical lattices moving with respect to each other is considered in the presence of attractive nonlinearity. It is shown that there exists a threshold nonlinearity level above which the matter transfer is completely arrested. Below this threshold the transfer of both dispersive wavepackets and solitons occurs in accordance with the predictions of the linear theory, i.e. it is quantized and determined by the dynamical Chern numbers of the lowest band. The breakdown of the transport is also explained by nontrivial topology of the bands. In that case, the nonlinearity induces Rabi oscillations of atoms between two (or more) lowest bands. If the sum of the dynamical Chern numbers of the populated bands is zero, the oscillatory dynamics of a matter soliton in space occurs, which corresponds to the transport breakdown. Otherwise the sum of the Chern numbers of the nonlinearity-excited bands determines the direction and magnitude of the average velocity of matter solitons that remains quantized and admits fractional values. Thus, even in strongly nonlinear regime the topology of the linear bands is responsible for the evolution of solitons. The transition between different dynamical regimes is accurately described by the perturbation theory for solitons.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters
Degenerate Local-dimension-invariant Stabilizer Codes and an Alternative Bound for the Distance Preservation Condition
Creators: name: Gunderman, Lane G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One hurdle to performing reliable quantum computations is overcoming noise. One possibility is to reduce the number of particles needing to be protected from noise and instead use systems with more states, so called qudit quantum computers. In this paper we show that codes for these systems can be derived from already known codes, and in particular that degenerate stabilizer codes can have their distance also promised upon sufficiently large local-dimension, as well as a new bound on the local-dimension required to preserve the distance of local-dimension-invariant codes, which is a result which could prove to be useful for error-corrected qudit quantum computers.
description: 7 pages, 0 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.13395
МЕСТО РОССИИ В ИСТОРИИ ФИНАНСОВЫХ ИННОВАЦИЙ
Creators: name: БЛИНОВ СЕРГЕЙ НИКОЛАЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Имущественные отношения в Российской Федерации
Year: 2020
Subjects: ТЕОРИЯ РЕАЛЬНЫХ ДЕНЕГ
МИКРОИННОВАЦИИ В ФИНАНСОВОЙ СФЕРЕ
СТАБИЛИЗАЦИЯ ДЕНЕЖНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ
ФИНАНСОВЫЕ ИННОВАЦИИ В ИСТОРИИ РОССИИ
БЕЗМОНЕТНЫЙ ПЕРИОД
МОНЕТНАЯ РЕГАЛИЯ
НИКСОНОВСКИЙ ШОК
СТАБИЛИЗИРУЮЩАЯ РОЛЬ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО ДОЛГА
THEORY OF REAL MONEY
MICRO-INNOVATIONS IN THE FINANCIAL SECTOR
STABILIZATION OF THE MONETARY SYSTEM
FINANCIAL INNOVATIONS IN THE HISTORY OF RUSSIA
NON-COIN PERIOD
COIN REGALIA
NIXON SHOCK
THE STABILIZING ROLE OF PUBLIC DEBT

description: В статье анализируются важнейшие финансовые инновации в истории с точки зрения теории реальных денег. Автор акцентирует внимание на инновациях макроуровня. Делает вывод о взаимосвязи внедрения финансовых инноваций и роста могущества российского государства на разных исторических этапах. Предлагает схему использования государственного долга как стабилизатора финансовой системы и основы для роста экономики России в ближайшие годы.
Towards Color-Kinematics Duality in Generic Spacetimes
Creators: name: Sivaramakrishnan, Allic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note, we study color-kinematics duality in generic spacetimes. We work with a contact representation for on shell correlators. The position-space integrand is encoded by enumerated differential operators. This setup generalizes certain features of S-matrix kinematics to curved space. Differences between flat and curved space are captured by commutators. We study the nonlinear sigma model at four points as an explicit example and find that color-kinematics duality holds in generic spacetimes. We illustrate our approach in the AdS transition amplitude, a type of on shell correlation function. We find a double copy procedure at four points that connects the nonlinear sigma model, the biadjoint scalar theory, and the special Galileon theory.
description: 30 pages, no figures; v2: minor reference adjustments, typos corrected
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА ЗЕМЕЛЬ НАСЕЛЕННЫХ ПУНКТОВ И СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ГРАДОСТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЕ НОРМЫ - ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ, ТЕНДЕНЦИИ, ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Creators: name: КРУГЛЯКОВА ВИКТОРИЯ МАРКОВНА
name: БАТОВА А.В.
Publisher: name: Имущественные отношения в Российской Федерации
Year: 2020
Subjects: ОЦЕНКА ЗЕМЕЛЬНЫХ УЧАСТКОВ НАСЕЛЕННЫХ ПУНКТОВ
УЧЕТ ГРАДОСТРОИТЕЛЬНЫХ НОРМ ПРИ ОЦЕНКЕ ЗЕМЕЛЬНЫХ УЧАСТКОВ
УЧЕТ РАСПОЛОЖЕНИЕ ОБЪЕКТА ОТНОСИТЕЛЬНО КРАСНОЙ ЛИНИИ
ЦЕНООБРАЗУЮЩИЕ ПАРАМЕТРЫ ПРИ ОЦЕНКЕ ЗЕМЛИ
ВЛИЯНИЕ ОХРАННЫХ ЗОН НА СТОИМОСТЬ ОБЪЕКТОВ НЕДВИЖИМОСТИ
СУДЕБНАЯ ЭКСПЕРТИЗА ОТЧЕТОВ ПО ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ СТОИМОСТИ ОБЪЕКТОВ
ASSESSMENT OF LAND PLOTS OF SETTLEMENTS
ACCOUNTING FOR TOWN-PLANNING NORMS WHEN ASSESSING LAND PLOTS
ACCOUNTING FOR THE LOCATION OF AN OBJECT RELATIVE TO THE RED LINE
PRICING PARAMETERS FOR LAND VALUATION
THE INFLUENCE OF SECURITY ZONES ON THE VALUE OF REAL ESTATE
FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF REPORTS ON DETERMINING THE VALUE OF OBJECTS

description: Авторы предлагают системный подход к анализу и учету градостроительных норм при оценке земельных участков, расположенных в границах населенных пунктов, и определяют направления его применения как при проведении профессиональной оценки, так и при производстве судебных экспертиз. Актуальность темы обусловлена тем, что результаты анализа отчетов об оценке и заключений судебных экспертов показывают, что в большинстве случаев при оценке в полной мере не учитываются или исключаются из рассмотрения ценообразующие факторы и показатели объекта оценки и объектов-аналогов, связанные с положениями нормативных документов территориального планирования и градостроительного зонирования населенных пунктов, что приводит к получению неверной итоговой величины стоимости объекта оценки.
Information Geometry and Holographic Correlators
Creators: name: Bohra, Hardik
name: Kakkar, Ashish
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Allic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore perturbative corrections to quantum information geometry. In particular, we study a Bures information metric naturally associated with the correlation functions of a conformal field theory. We compute the metric of holographic four-point functions and include corrections generated by tree Witten diagrams in the bulk. In this setting, we translate properties of correlators into the language of information geometry. Cross terms in the information metric encode non-identity operators in the OPE. We find that the information metric is asymptotically AdS. Finally, we discuss an information metric for transition amplitudes.
description: 18 pages, no figures; v2: typos fixed, transition amplitude discussion refined
Metal Mixing in Minihalos: The Descendants of Pair-Instability Supernovae
Creators: name: Magg, Mattis
name: Schauer, Anna T. P.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Tress, Robin G.
name: Jaura, Ondrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lack of observations of abundance patterns originating in pair-instability supernovae has been a long-standing problem in relation to the first stars. This class of supernovae is expected to have an abundance pattern with a strong odd-even effect, making it substantially different from present-day supernovae. In this study, we use a cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulation to model such supernovae and the subsequent formation of the second generation of stars. We incorporate streaming velocities for the first time. There are 14 star-forming minihalos in our $1\,\mathrm{Mpc}\,h^{-1}$ box, leading to 14 supernovae occurring before redshift $z=19.5$, where we start reducing the complexity of the simulation. Following the explosions, extremely metal-poor stars form in 10 halos via internal and external enrichment, which makes it the most common outcome. Only one halo does not recollapse during the simulations. This result is at tension with the current (lack of) observations of metal-poor stars with pair instability supernova abundance patterns, suggesting that these very massive stars might be rare even in the early Universe. The results from this simulation also give us insights into what drives different modes of recollapse and what determines the mixing behavior of metals after very energetic supernovae.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Cauchy spinors on $3$-manifolds
Creators: name: Flamencourt, Brice
name: Moroianu, Sergiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C27

description: Let $\mathcal{Z}$ be a spin $4$-manifold carrying a parallel spinor and $M\hookrightarrow \mathcal{Z}$ a hypersurface. The second fundamental form of the embedding induces a flat metric connection on $TM$. Such flat connections satisfy a non-elliptic, non-linear equation in terms of a symmetric $2$-tensor on $M$. When $M$ is compact and has positive scalar curvature, the linearized equation has finite dimensional kernel. Four families of solutions are known on the round $3$-sphere $\mathbb{S}^3$. We study the linearized equation in the vicinity of these solutions and we construct as a byproduct an incomplete hyperkähler metric on $\mathbb{S}^3\times \mathbb{R}$ closely related to the Euclidean Taub-NUT metric on $\mathbb{R}^4$. On $\mathbb{S}^3$ there do not exist other solutions which either are constant in a left (or right) invariant frame, have three distinct constant eigenvalues, or are invariant in the direction of a left (or right)-invariant eigenvector. We deduce from this last result an extension of Liebmann's sphere rigidity theorem.
description: 26 pages, references updates, minor changes
Early ovariectomy unmasking the non-somatic origin of murin anti-A-reactive IgM reflecting developmental malignancy
Creators: name: Arend, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Zoology
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: Structural Biology
subject: Stem Cells
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics

description: The germline encoding of a non-immune IgM molecule in mammals was experimentally documented for the first time by specifically timed ovariectomy of C57BL/10 mice, and the target of this innate antibody is a trans-species developmental antigen, which when expressed in any non-developmental tissue signifies malignancy. Although ovariectomy and castrations have been de­scribed to result in uncontrolled and/or enhanced humoral and cellular immunity, involving increasing weights of spleen and thymus with pronounced B and T cell productions, the development of the mercaptoethanol-sensitive and complement-binding, non-immune anti-A reactivity in murine plasma was not enhanced after ovariectomy performed in C57BL/10 mice before the onset of puberty. This non-immune murine anti-A, which is complementary to trans-species, syngeneic ovarian GalNAc-glycan-bearing glycolipids and distinct from cross-reactive adaptive anti-A antibody, was strongly retarded or did not ap­pear at all in plasmas of animals ovariectomized at the age of 20 days. Thus, contrary to our previous view, this reactivity is unlikely to originate from a somatic, primary immune or autoimmune response. All murine tissues expressed the species-typical Forssman reactivity and further A-like structures were, by reaction with innate human anti-A antibody, identified in male and female reproductive and endodermal organs, while the murine anti-A was exclusively inhibited by syngeneic ovarian glycolipids. Moreover, the early ovarian tissue, which represents a last evolutionary and/or developmental location, showed a developmental polymorphism characterized by Dolichos biflorus and Helix pomatia reactivities indicating the functional involvement of O-GalNAc-determined mucin-type A-like TN or TF epitopes that, when expressed by non-developmental tissues, signify malignancy.
A New Approach to Design and Implement FFT / IFFT Processor Based on Radix-4^2 Algorithm
Creators: name: Parunandula, Shravankumar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: Computation Theory and Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing is an important component of many
Digital Signal Processing (DSP) applications and communication systems. This
thesis focused on Algorithm development, mathematical analysis, High Level Synthesis,
and C/C++ prototyping. A new approach to design and implement Fast
Fourier Transform(FFT) using Radix-42 algorithm ,and how the multidimensional
index mapping reduces the complexity of FFT computation are Proposed and Discussed
in an easy understanding manner. Using mathematical analysis on radix-4
DFT(Discrete Fourier Transform) kernel, the formal radix-4 butter y structure is
remodeled.
This makes the design perspective so simple to implement the mathematical algorithm
into hardware realization model. The cost of the processor is proportional to
the cost of the constant multipliers. So, to reduce the cost of constant multipliers,
we reduced the phase factor storage for the entire range of N-point sequence to
increase the FFT Computation e ciency.
A clear and straight analysis has done and described, two approaches are given
to implement the FFT algorithm, One is hardware generation using MATLABSimulink
and the other is C / C++ prototype. Also compared the speeds of MEX
(Matlab Executable) C code vs. MATLAB .m function.High level synthesis has
done using Simulink and shown the reduced number of computation in terms of
Multipliers and Add / Sub tractors.
Physics-Driven Learning of Wasserstein GAN for Density Reconstruction in Dynamic Tomography
Creators: name: Huang, Zhishen
name: Klasky, Marc
name: Wilcox, Trevor
name: Ravishankar, Saiprasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object density reconstruction from projections containing scattered radiation and noise is of critical importance in many applications. Existing scatter correction and density reconstruction methods may not provide the high accuracy needed in many applications and can break down in the presence of unmodeled or anomalous scatter and other experimental artifacts. Incorporating machine-learned models could prove beneficial for accurate density reconstruction particularly in dynamic imaging, where the time-evolution of the density fields could be captured by partial differential equations or by learning from hydrodynamics simulations. In this work, we demonstrate the ability of learned deep neural networks to perform artifact removal in noisy density reconstructions, where the noise is imperfectly characterized. We use a Wasserstein generative adversarial network (WGAN), where the generator serves as a denoiser that removes artifacts in densities obtained from traditional reconstruction algorithms. We train the networks from large density time-series datasets, with noise simulated according to parametric random distributions that may mimic noise in experiments. The WGAN is trained with noisy density frames as generator inputs, to match the generator outputs to the distribution of clean densities (time-series) from simulations. A supervised loss is also included in the training, which leads to improved density restoration performance. In addition, we employ physics-based constraints such as mass conservation during network training and application to further enable highly accurate density reconstructions. Our preliminary numerical results show that the models trained in our frameworks can remove significant portions of unknown noise in density time-series data.
Automated Crystal Orientation Mapping in py4DSTEM using Sparse Correlation Matching
Creators: name: Ophus, Colin
name: Zeltmann, Steven E
name: Bruefach, Alexandra
name: Rakowski, Alexander
name: Savitzky, Benjamin H
name: Minor, Andrew M
name: Scott, MC
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystalline materials used in technological applications are often complex assemblies composed of multiple phases and differently oriented grains. Robust identification of the phases and orientation relationships from these samples is crucial, but the information extracted from the diffraction condition probed by an electron beam is often incomplete. We therefore have developed an automated crystal orientation mapping (ACOM) procedure which uses a converged electron probe to collect diffraction patterns from multiple locations across a complex sample. We provide an algorithm to determine the orientation of each diffraction pattern based on a fast sparse correlation method. We test the speed and accuracy of our method by indexing diffraction patterns generated using both kinematical and dynamical simulations. We have also measured orientation maps from an experimental dataset consisting of a complex polycrystalline twisted helical AuAgPd nanowire. From these maps we identify twin planes between adjacent grains, which may be responsible for the twisted helical structure. All of our methods are made freely available as open source code, including tutorials which can be easily adapted to perform ACOM measurements on diffraction pattern datasets.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Magnetized Laser-Plasma Interactions in High-Energy-Density Systems: Parallel Propagation
Creators: name: Los, E. E.
name: Strozzi, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate parametric processes in magnetised plasmas, driven by a large-amplitude pump light wave. Our focus is on laser-plasma interactions relevant to high-energy-density (HED) systems, such as the National Ignition Facility and the Sandia MagLIF concept. We derive dispersion relations for three-wave interactions in a multi-species plasma using Maxwell's equations, the warm-fluid momentum equation and the continuity equation. The application of an external B field causes right and left polarised light waves to propagate with differing phase velocities. This leads to Faraday rotation of the polarisation, which can be significant in HED conditions. Raman and Brilllouin scattering have modified spectra due to the background B field, though this effect is usually small in systems of current practical interest. We identify a scattering process we call stimulated whistler scattering, where a light wave decays to an electromagnetic whistler wave ($ω\lesssim ω_{ce}$) and a Langmuir wave. This only occurs in the presence of an external B field, which is required for the whistler wave to exist. We compute the scattered wavelengths for Raman, Brillouin, and whistler scattering.
description: 18 pages, 23 figures
Early ovariectomy reveals the non-somatic origin of murine anti-A-reactive IgM reflecting developmental malignancy.
Creators: name: Arend, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Zoology
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: Structural Biology
subject: Stem Cells
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics

description: The germline encoding of a non-immune immunoglobulin IgM (IgM) molecule in mammals was experimentally documented for the first time as a result of the specifically timed ovariectomy of C57BL/10 mice. The target of this innate antibody is a trans-species developmental antigen that signifies malignancy when expressed in any non-developmental tissue. Although ovariectomy and castration result in uncontrolled and/or enhanced humoral and cellular immunity involving increased weights of the spleen and thymus with pronounced B and T cell production, the development of mercaptoethanol-sensitive, complement-binding, non-immune anti-A reactivity in murine plasma was not enhanced after an ovariectomy was performed in C57BL/10 mice before the onset of puberty. This non-immune murine anti-A, which is complementary to the trans-species, syngeneic ovarian GalNAc-glycan-bearing glycolipids and distinct from the cross-reactive adaptive anti-A antibody, was strongly retarded or did not appear in plasma of animals ovariectomized at the age of 20 days. Thus, contrary to our previous view, this reactivity is unlikely to originate from a somatic, primary immune or autoimmune response. All of the murine tissues expressed the species-specific Forssman reactivity, and further A-like structures were identified in the male and female reproductive and endodermal organs by reaction with innate human anti-A antibody, while the murine anti-A was exclusively inhibited by syngeneic ovarian glycolipids. Moreover, the early ovarian tissue, which represents a last evolutionary and/or developmental location, showed a developmental polymorphism characterized by reactivity to the lectin from Dolichos biflorus (DBA) and the agglutinin from Helix pomatia (HPA), indicating the functional involvement of O-GalNAc-determined mucin-type A-like Tn and TF epitopes that signify malignancy when expressed by non-developmental tissues.
Physics of star formation history and the luminosity function of galaxies therefrom
Creators: name: Fukugita, Masataka
name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the star formation history, the reionization history and the present luminosity function of galaxies are reproduced in a simple gravitational collapse model within the $Λ$CDM regime to almost a quantitative accuracy, when the physical conditions, the Jeans criterion and the cooling process, are taken into account. Taking a reasonable set of the model parameters, the reionisation takes place sharply at around redshift $1+z\simeq 7.5$, and the resulting luminosity function turns off at $L\simeq 10^{10.7}L_\odot$, showing the consistency between the star formation history and the reionisation of the Universe. The model gives the total amount of stars $Ω_\mathrm{star}=0.004$ in units of the critical density compared to the observation $0.0044$ with the recycling factor $1.6$ included. In order to account for the observed star formation rate and the present luminosity function, the star formation efficiency is not halo mass independent but becomes maximum at the halo mass $\simeq 10^{12}M_\odot$ and is suppressed for both smaller and larger mass haloes.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, revised version published in MNRAS
Three-dimensional granular flow continuum modeling via material point method with hyperelastic nonlocal granular fluidity
Creators: name: Haeri, Amin
name: Skonieczny, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate and efficient modeling of granular flows and their interactions with external bodies is an open research problem. Continuum methods can be used to capture complexities neglected by terramechanics models without the computational expense of discrete element methods. Constitutive models and numerical solvers are the two primary aspects of the continuum methods. The viscoplastic size-dependent non-local granular fluidity (NGF) constitutive model has successfully provided a quantitative description of experimental flows in many different configurations in literature. This research develops a numerical approach, within a hyperelasticity framework, for implementing the dynamical form of NGF in three-dimensional material point method (3D MPM, an appropriate numerical solver for granular flow modeling). This approach is thermodynamically consistent to conserve energy, and the dynamical form includes the nonlocal effect of flow cessation. Excavation data, both quantitative measurements and qualitative visualization, are collected experimentally via our robotic equipment to evaluate the model with respect to the flow geometry as well as interaction forces. The results are further compared with the results from a recent modified plastic Drucker-Prager constitutive model, and in other configurations including wheel-soil interactions, a gravity-driven silo, and Taylor-Couette flow.
Quench dynamics of two interacting atoms in a one-dimensional anharmonic trap
Creators: name: Ishmukhamedov, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A temporal response of two interacting particles to a quench of the coupling strength in one-dimensional harmonic and anharmonic traps is explored. The coupling strength is changed from repulsive to attractive interactions and vice versa. The time evolution of the fidelity, wave packet, one-body reduced density matrix and momentum distributions is analyzed in details. It was found that impacts of the pre- and postquench states interchange during the dynamics. In the case of the anharmonic trap additional contribution of the center-of-mass excited states comes into play and the whole evolution becomes significantly altered. Yet the impact of the pre- and postquench states in some cases still could be identified. The quench dynamics of the ground and excited states are considered.
Cross-polarized surface lattice resonances in a rectangular lattice plasmonic metasurface
Creators: name: Bin-Alam, M. Saad
name: Reshef, Orad
name: Ahmad, Raja Naeem
name: Upham, Jeremy
name: Huttunen, Mikko J.
name: Dolgaleva, Ksenia
name: Boyd, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiresonant metasurfaces could enable many applications in filtering, sensing and nonlinear optics. However, developing a metasurface with more than one high-quality-factor or high-Q resonance at designated resonant wavelengths is challenging. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a plasmonic metasurface exhibiting different, narrow surface lattice resonances by exploiting the polarization degree of freedom where different lattice modes propagate along different dimensions of the lattice. The surface consists of aluminum nanostructures in a rectangular periodic lattice. The resulting surface lattice resonances were measured around 630 nm and 1160 nm with Q-factors of ~50 and ~800, respectively. The latter is a record-high plasmonic Q-factor within the near-infrared type-II window. Such metasurfaces could benefit applications such as frequency conversion and all-optical switching.
Optimal synthesis into fixed XX interactions
Creators: name: Peterson, Eric C.
name: Bishop, Lev S.
name: Javadi-Abhari, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q99, 53D45

description: We describe an optimal procedure, as well as its efficient software implementation, for exact and approximate synthesis of two-qubit unitary operations into any prescribed discrete family of XX-type interactions and local gates. This arises from the analysis and manipulation of certain polyhedral subsets of the space of canonical gates. Using this, we analyze which small sets of XX-type interactions cause the greatest improvement in expected infidelity under experimentally-motivated error models. For the exact circuit synthesis of Haar-randomly selected two-qubit operations, we find an improvement in estimated infidelity by ~31.4% when including alongside CX its square- and cube-roots, near to the optimal limit of ~36.9% obtained by including all fractional applications of CX.
description: Camera-ready version
Kinetic theory of $\mathrm{sech}^2x$ electron holes and applications to Kappa-distributed plasmas
Creators: name: Guo, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetic theory of $\mathrm{sech}^2 x$-type electron holes is studied. The potential of the electron holes is solved in the weak amplitude limit by the pseudo-potential method. We investigate the existence condition of the $\mathrm{sech}^2 x$ electron holes. It indicates that the derivatives of trapped and untrapped distributions at the separatrix play significant roles in determining the potential profile. The theory is then applied to the Kappa-distributed plasmas. The amplitude and width of the $\mathrm{sech}^2 x$ electron holes are analyzed. Finally, the theoretical results are verified by numerical calculations.
Development of a cometosheath at comet 67P/Churuyumov-Gerasimenko: A case study comparison of Rosetta observations
Creators: name: Williamson, H. N.
name: Nilsson, H.
name: Wieser, G. Stenberg
name: Moeslinger, A.
name: Goetz, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The ionosphere of a comet is known to deflect the solar wind through mass loading, but the interaction is dependent on cometary activity. We investigate the details of this process at comet 67P using the Rosetta Ion Composition Analyzer. Aims: This study aims to compare the interaction of the solar wind and cometary ions during two different time periods in the Rosetta mission. Methods: We compared both the integrated ion moments (density, velocity, and momentum flux) and the velocity distribution functions for two days, four months apart. The velocity distribution functions were projected into a coordinate system dependent on the magnetic field direction and averaged over three hours. Results: The first case shows highly scattered H+ in both ion moments and velocity distribution function. The He2+ ions are somewhat scattered, but less so, and appear more like those of H2O+ pickup ions. The second case shows characteristic evidence of mass-loading, where the solar wind species are deflected, but the velocity distribution function is not significantly changed. Conclusions: The distributions of H+ in the first case, when compared to He2+ and H2O+ pickup ions, are indicative of a narrow cometosheath on the scale of the H+ gyroradius. Thus, He2+ and H2O+, with larger gyroradii, are largely able to pass through this cometosheath. An examination of the momentum flux tensor suggests that all species in the first case have a significant non-gyrotropic momentum flux component that is higher than that of the second mass-loaded case. Mass loading is not a sufficient explanation for the distribution functions and momentum flux tensor in the first case, and so we assume this is evidence of bow shock formation.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, 2 videos
Study on NaI(Tl) crystal at -35 C for dark matter detection
Creators: name: Lee, S. H.
name: Kim, G. S.
name: Kim, H. J.
name: Kim, K. W.
name: Lee, J. Y.
name: Lee, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the responses of a NaI(Tl) crystal in terms of the light yield and pulse shape characteristics of nuclear recoil events at two different temperatures: 22 C (room temperature) and -35 C (low temperature). The light yield is measured using 59.54 keV gamma-rays using a 241Am source relative to the mean charge of single photoelectrons. At the low temperature, we measure a 4.7 +/- 1.3% increase in the light yield compared to that at room temperature. A significantly increased decay time is also observed at the low temperature. The responses to nuclear recoil events are measured using neutrons from a 252Cf source and compared to those to electron recoil events. The measured pulse shape discrimination (PSD) power of the NaI(Tl) crystal at the low temperature is found to be improved in the entire energy range studied because of the increased light yield and the different scintillation characteristics. We also find an approximately 9% increased quenching factor of alpha-induced events, which is the light yield ratio of alpha recoil to electron recoil, at the low temperature. This supports the possibility of an increased quenching factor of the nuclear recoil events that are known to have similar processes of dark matter interaction. The increased light yield and the improved PSD power of nuclear recoil events enhance the sensitivity for dark matter detection via dark matter-nuclei interactions.
title: Official History, Popular Memory: Reconfiguration of the African Past in the Films of Ousmane Sembene
title: Official History, Popular Memory
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Cham, Mbye
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Film
subject: African History

description: The last two decades in Africa have yielded a significant crop of films devoted primarily to a critical engagement with the African past as a way of coming to terms with the many crises and challenges confronting contemporary African societies. This current preoccupation with history, and its implications for the present, underlies a number of films which have been produced during these past two decades.
Agent-based modelling of sports riots
Creators: name: Clements, Alastair J.
name: Fadai, Nabil T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Riots originating during, or in the aftermath of, sports events can incur significant costs in damages, as well as large-scale panic and injuries. A mathematical description of sports riots is therefore sought to better understand their propagation and limit these physical and financial damages. In this work, we present an agent-based modelling framework that describes the qualitative features of populations engaging in riotous behaviour. Agents, pertaining to either a 'rioter' or a 'bystander' sub-population, move on an underlying lattice and can either be recruited or defect from their respective subpopulation. In particular, we allow these individual-level recruitment and defection processes to vary with local population density. This agent-based modelling framework provides the unifying link between multi-population stochastic models and density-dependent reaction processes. Furthermore, the continuum description of this ABM framework is shown to be a system of nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations and faithfully agrees with the average ABM behaviour from individual simulations. Finally, we determine the unique correspondence between the underlying individual-level recruitment and defection mechanisms with their population-level counterparts, providing a link between local-scale effects and macroscale rioting phenomena.
Early ovariectomy reveals the non-somatic origin of murine anti-A-reactive IgM reflecting developmental malignancy.
Creators: name: Arend, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Zoology
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: Structural Biology
subject: Stem Cells
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics

description: The germline encoding of a non-immune immunoglobulin IgM (IgM) molecule in mammals was experimentally documented for the first time as a result of the specifically timed ovariectomy of C57BL/10 mice. The target of this innate antibody is a trans-species developmental antigen that signifies malignancy when expressed in any non-developmental tissue. Although ovariectomy and castration result in uncontrolled and/or enhanced humoral and cellular immunity involving increased weights of the spleen and thymus with pronounced B and T cell production, the development of mercaptoethanol-sensitive, complement-binding, non-immune anti-A reactivity in murine plasma was not enhanced after an ovariectomy that was performed in C57BL/10 mice prior to the onset of puberty. This non-immune murine anti-A, which is complementary to the trans-species, syngeneic ovarian GalNAc-glycan-bearing glycolipids and distinct from the cross-reactive adaptive anti-A antibody, was strongly retarded or did not appear in plasma of animals ovariectomized at the age of 20 days. Thus, contrary to our previous view, this reactivity is unlikely to originate from a somatic, primary immune or autoimmune response. All of the murine tissues expressed the species-specific Forssman reactivity, and further A-like structures were identified in the male and female reproductive and endodermal organs by reaction with innate human anti-A antibody, while the murine anti-A was exclusively inhibited by syngeneic ovarian glycolipids. Moreover, the early ovarian tissue, which represents a last evolutionary and/or developmental location, showed a developmental polymorphism characterized by reactivity to the lectin from Dolichos biflorus (DBA) and the agglutinin from Helix pomatia (HPA), indicating the functional involvement of O-GalNAc-determined mucin-type A-like Tn and TF epitopes that signify malignancy when expressed by non-developmental tissues.
MetaFEM: A Generic FEM Solver By Meta-expressions
Creators: name: Xie, Jiaxi
name: Ehmann, Kornel
name: Cao, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current multi-physics Finite Element Method (FEM) solvers are complex systems in terms of both their mathematical complexity and lines of code. This paper proposes a skeleton generic FEM solver, named MetaFEM, in total about 5,000 lines of Julia code, which translates generic input Partial Differential Equation (PDE) weak forms into corresponding GPU-accelerated simulations with a grammar similar to FEniCS or FreeFEM. Two novel approaches differentiate MetaFEM from the common solvers: (1) the FEM kernel is based on an original theory/algorithm which explicitly processes meta-expressions, as the name suggests, and (2) the symbolic engine is a rule-based Computer Algebra System (CAS), i.e., the equations are rewritten/derived according to a set of rewriting rules instead of going through completely fixed routines, supporting easy customization by developers. Example cases in thermal conduction, linear elasticity and incompressible flow are presented to demonstrate utility.
ЦИФРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА И КРАУДЭКОНОМИКА
Creators: name: УСОСКИЙ ВЛАДИМИР НИКОЛАЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Имущественные отношения в Российской Федерации
Year: 2020
Subjects: ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-КОММУНИКАТИВНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
КИБЕРНЕТИЧЕСКАЯ РЕВОЛЮЦИЯ
ТЕХНОГЕННЫЕ КРИТЕРИИ
ПРОЛЕТАРИАТ УМСТВЕННОГО ТРУДА
ПЛАТФОРМЕННАЯ МОДЕЛЬ БИЗНЕСА
АГРЕГАТОР ПЛАТФОРМЫ
ПРАГМАТИЧЕСКАЯ КРАУДЭКОНОМИКА
ЭКОНОМИКА ТОЛПЫ
ФУТУРИСТИЧЕСКАЯ КРАУДЭКОНОМИКА
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
CYBERNETIC REVOLUTION
TECHNOGENIC CRITERIA
THE PROLETARIAT OF INTELLECTUAL LABOR
A PLATFORM BUSINESS MODEL
PLATFORM AGGREGATOR
PRAGMATIC CROWD ECONOMY
CROWD ECONOMY
FUTURISTIC CROWD ECONOMY

description: Автор выявляет условия применения цифровых технологий в рыночной экономике, определяет условия функционирования агрегатора платформы, взаимодействующего с субъектами двусторонних рынков. Исследует, как из д войственности смысла теории постиндустриального общества Д. Белла вытекают противостоящие друг другу прагматический и футуристический методологические подходы, используемые для применения цифровых технологий в краудэкономике. Предлагает собственное определение краудэкономики.
Relativistic first-order spin hydrodynamics via the Chapman-Enskog expansion
Creators: name: Hu, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a detailed derivation of relativistic first-order spin hydrodynamics using the Chapman-Enskog method to linearize the nonlocal collision term for massive fermions proposed in \cite{Weickgenannt:2021cuo}, which well describes spin-orbit coupling in the collision process and is relevant for the research on local spin polarization. Based on this collisional term, we provide a formal discussion about first-order spin hydrodynamics and determine the motion equations of fluid variables and nonequilibrium corrections to the energy-momentum and spin tensors. The results indicate that the motion equations show no differences compared to spinless first-order hydrodynamics and the energy-momentum tensor receives no corrections from spin as far as first-order theory is concerned, which calls for the construction of second-order theory of fluids naturally incorporating the effect of spin-orbit coupling.
Syntaxonomy of Arundo stands along the eastern Adriatic coast
Creators: name: N. Jasprica
name: S. Bogdanović
name: K. Dolina
name: M. RušČić
name: M. Pandža
name: S. KovaČić
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Based on the diagnostic morphological characters of the Arundo taxa, and after both field and herbarium observation, three species (A. micrantha, A. plinii and A. donax) were found along the eastern Adriatic coast. Altogether, 50 phytocoenological relevés from Arundo stands were collected in Croatia, Montenegro and Albania between 2010 and 2013. Three associations with a predominance of Arundo species were determined: Arundinetum plinianae, Arundinetum micranthae and Arundini donacis–Convolvuletum sepium. Among them, Arundinetum micranthae is described and proposed as a new association, belonging to the Artemisietea vulgaris class. It occurs frequently along the coastal belt between the cities of Split and Dubrovnik in South Croatia. The syntaxonomy of the associations is discussed and comparison with similar communities from Italy is made. The vegetation and floristic structure of the associations is discussed as a potential basis for biodiversity conservation programmes and for evaluating the state of these ecosystems in the future.
Phonological awareness and literacy development in children with expressive phonological impairments
Creators: name: Bishop, Dorothy V M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Education

description: Bird, J., Bishop, D. V. M., & Freeman, N. (1995). Phonological awareness and literacy development in children with expressive phonological impairments. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 38, 446-462.
ОЦЕНКА СТОИМОСТИ ПРИВИЛЕГИРОВАННЫХ АКЦИЙ С УЧЕТОМ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЕЙ ПРИОБРЕТЕНИЯ ИХ ВЛАДЕЛЬЦАМИ ПРАВА ГОЛОСА
Creators: name: КОЗЫРЬ ЮРИЙ ВАСИЛЬЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Имущественные отношения в Российской Федерации
Year: 2020
Subjects: ОЦЕНКА СТОИМОСТИ ПРИВИЛЕГИРОВАННЫХ АКЦИЙ
ОПЦИОН НА ПРАВО ГОЛОСА НА ОБЩЕМ СОБРАНИИ АКЦИОНЕРОВ
ДОХОДЫ ПО ПРИВИЛЕГИРОВАННЫМ АКЦИЯМ
МЕТОД СКОРРЕКТИРОВАННЫХ ЧИСТЫХ АКТИВОВ
VALUATION OF PREFERRED SHARES
VOTING OPTION AT A GENERAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
INCOME FROM PREFERRED SHARES
ADJUSTED NET ASSETS METHOD

description: Автором рассмотрена методология оценки привилегированных акций в силу несовершенства существующих методов их оценки, которые отражены в профессиональной литературе. Предложен новый методологический подход к оценке привилегированных акций с учетом встроенных опционов. Показано, что ценность опциона, обусловленная возможностями управления компанией держателями обыкновенных акций, максимальна в ситуациях выплат дивидендов по привилегированным акциям и минимальна в ситуациях при невыплате дивидендов по ним. Предложена методика принятия решения контролирующими акционерами о выплатах или невыплатах дивидендов по привилегированным акциям.