cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Insight from energy decomposition analysis on a hydrogen-bond-mediated mechanism for on-water catalysis
Creators: name: Salem, M. Alaraby
name: Kühne, Thomas D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health
Computational Biology

description: Many classes of organic reactions exhibit a remarkable increase in reaction rates when they occur at the water–organic interface. Although this observed ‘on-water’ catalysis has been extensively studied, the suggested mechanisms still do not explain some of the experimental findings. The mechanism proposed by Jung and Marcus (JACS 129, 5492 (2007)) involves stabilising the transition-state (TS) complex via H-bonds to ‘dangling’ interfacial water molecules. Although the reactants also experience H-bonding to interfacial water molecules in the reactant configuration, it has been argued that the H-bonds are enhanced, in terms of number and strength, in the TS. Therefore, the observed decrease in activation energy has been attributed to this preferential enhancement of H-bonds which leads to a more pronounced TS stabilisation. We employ energy decomposition analysis using the method of absolutely localised molecular orbitals to study this proposition. We find that H-bonds to interfacial water molecules are equivalent in the TS and reactant configurations. Nevertheless, these H-bonds result in significantly enhanced charge-transfer between the reactants in the TS complex, which rationalises the decrease in activation energy.
Planet population synthesis driven by pebble accretion in cluster environments
Creators: name: Ndugu, Nelson
name: Bitsch, Bertram
name: Jurua, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of protoplanetary discs embedded in stellar clusters depends on the age and the stellar density in which they are embedded. Stellar clusters of young age and high stellar surface density destroy protoplanetary discs by external photoevaporation and stellar encounters. Here we consider the effect of background heating from newly formed stellar clusters on the structure of protoplanetary discs and how it affects the formation of planets in these discs. Our planet formation model is build on the core accretion scenario including pebble accretion. We synthesize planet populations that we compare to observations. The giant planets in our simulations migrate over large distances due to the fast type-II migration regime induced by a high disc viscosity ($α=5.4 \times 10^{-3}$). Cold Jupiters (r>1 AU) originate preferably from the outer disc, while hot Jupiters (r<0.1 AU) preferably form in the inner disc. We find that the formation of gas giants via pebble accretion is in agreement with the metallicity correlation, meaning that more gas giants are formed at larger metallicity. However, our synthetic population of isolated stars host a significant amount of giant planets even at low metallicity, in contradiction to observations where giant planets are preferably found around high metallicity stars, indicating that pebble accretion is very efficient in the standard pebble accretion framework. On the other hand, discs around stars embedded in cluster environments hardly form any giant planets at low metallicity in agreement with observations, where these changes originate from the increased temperature in the outer parts of the disc, which prolongs the core accretion time-scale of the planet. We therefore conclude that the outer disc structure and the planet's formation location determines the giant planet occurrence rate and the formation efficiency of cold and hot Jupiters.
description: 12 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Topological Order from Disorder and the Quantized Hall Thermal Metal: Possible Applications to the $ν= 5/2$ State
Creators: name: Wang, Chong
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
name: Halperin, Bertrand I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although numerical studies modeling the quantum hall effect at filling fraction $5/2$ predict either the Pfaffian (Pf) or its particle hole conjugate, the anti-Pfaffian (aPf) state, recent experiments appear to favor a quantized thermal hall conductivity with quantum number $K=5/2$ , rather than the value $K=7/2$ or $K=3/2$ expected for the Pf or aPF state, respectively. While a particle hole symmetric topological order (the PH-Pfaffian) would be consistent with the experiments, this state is believed to be energetically unfavorable in a homogenous system. Here we study the effects of disorder that are assumed to locally nucleate domains of Pf and aPf. When the disorder is relatively weak and the size of domains is relatively large, we find that when the electrical Hall conductance is on the quantized plateau with $σ_{xy} = (5/2)(e^2/h)$, the value of $K$ can be only 7/2 or 3/2, with a possible first-order-like transition between them as the magnetic field is varied. However, for sufficiently strong disorder an intermediate state might appear, which we analyze within a network model of the domain walls. Predominantly, we find a thermal metal phase, where $K$ varies continuously and the longitudinal thermal conductivity is non-zero, while the electrical Hall conductivity remains quantized at $(5/2)e^2/h$. However, in a restricted parameter range we find a thermal insulator with $K=5/2$, a disorder stabilized phase which is adiabatically connected to the PH-Pfaffian. We discuss a possible scenario to rationalize these special values of parameters.
description: Slightly updated version with additional references, 12 pages + references, 9 figures
Green's Function Monte Carlo study of SU(3) lattice gauge theory in (3+1)D
Creators: name: Hamer, C. J.
name: Samaras, M.
name: Bursill, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A `forward walking' Green's Function Monte Carlo algorithm is used to obtain expectation values for SU(3) lattice Yang-Mills theory in (3+1) dimensions. The ground state energy and Wilson loops are calculated, and the finite-size scaling behaviour is explored. Crude estimates of the string tension are derived, which agree with previous results at intermediate couplings; but more accurate results for larger loops will be required to establish scaling behaviour at weak coupling.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
MOESM4 of Accurate and easy method for systemin quantification and examining metabolic changes under different endogenous levels
Creators: name: Victoria Pastor
name: Sánchez-Bel, Paloma
name: Gamir, Jordi
name: Pozo, María
name: Flors, Víctor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Tentative identification of lignans accumulated in PS+ . Tentative candidates of lignans attributed to the endogenous SYS present in PS+ with their respective product ions in ESI (−). Identification and pathway assignments were done using the MarVis 2.0 software and an internal library, referred-to level 3 [43].
MOESM2 of An annotated checklist of macrozoobenthic species in German waters of the North and Baltic Seas
Creators: name: Zettler, Michael
name: Beermann, Jan
name: Dannheim, Jennifer
name: Ebbe, Brigitte
name: Grotjahn, Michael
name: Carmen-Pia GĂźnther
name: Gusky, Manuela
name: Kind, Britta
name: KrĂśncke, Ingrid
name: Kuhlenkamp, Ralph
name: Orendt, Claus
name: Rachor, Eike
name: Schanz, Anja
name: SchrĂśder, Alexander
name: SchĂźler, Lisa
name: Witt, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 2. References cited and used in the data table (Additional file 1).
Mirror Symmetry in Three Dimensional Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Intriligator, K.
name: Seiberg, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss non-trivial fixed points of the renormalization group with dual descriptions in $N=4$ gauge theories in three dimensions. This new duality acts as mirror symmetry, exchanging the Higgs and Coulomb branches of the theories. Quantum effects on the Coulomb branch arise classically on the Higgs branch of the dual theory. We present examples of dual theories whose Higgs/Coulomb branch are the ALE spaces and whose Coulomb/Higgs branches are the moduli space of instantons of the corresponding $ADE$ gauge group. In particular, we show that in three dimensions small $E_8$ instantons in string theory are described by a local quantum field theory.
description: 13 pages, harvmac
Exploring the spectroscopic constants of 2Πu, 2Σu+ (main and a satellite) and 2Πg states of N2+ ion using the Fock-space coupled-cluster with eigenvalue independent partitioning
Creators: name: Sharma, Amitava
name: Chattopadhyay, Sudip
name: Sinha, Dhiman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The Fock-space coupled-cluster (FSCC) method appears as a robust computational scheme if reformulated within the eigenvalue independent partitioning framework (EIP-FSCC) which efficiently deals with the intruder states that cause convergence problems in its standard effective Hamiltonian format. Within such a reformulation not only the so-called main (principal) root of the effective Hamiltonian version are attainable, but also the alternative satellite roots appear from the higher-sectors of the corresponding matrix (that is properly constructed) upon its direct diagonalization. Selective spectroscopic constants of 2Πu, 2Σu+ (main and satellite), and 2Πg states of N2+ ion have here been estimated using the EIP-FSCC by exploiting various truncation schemes of cluster operators (EIP-FSCCSD and EIP-FSCCSDτ). EIP-FSCCSDτ includes the set of full connected triple excitation operators for the ionized states where as perturbative is considered by CCSDT1-a approximation. This work indicates that the EIP-FSCCSDτ, compared to EIP-FSCCSD scheme, is capable of providing nice agreement with experiment provided an adequate basis set is used.
Additional file 1 of The association between plasma furin and cardiovascular events after acute myocardial infarction
Creators: name: Liu, Zhi-Wei
name: Ma, Qiang
name: Liu, Jie
name: Li, Jing-Wei
name: Chen, Yun-Dai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Spearman correlation analysis between log furin and covariates.
Two-Loop Finiteness of Chern-Simons Field Theory in Background Field Method
Creators: name: Chaichian, M.
name: Chen, W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform two-loop calculation of Chern-Simons in background field method using the hybrid regularization of higher-covariant derivative and dimensional regularization. It is explicitly shown that Chern-Simons field theory is finite at the two-loop level. This finiteness plays an important role in the relation of Chern-Simons theory with two-dimensional conformal field theory and the description of link invariant.
description: RevTex, 13 pages. The proof of the existence of the large topological mass limit has been proved. Some typewritten mistakes have been corrected
Contribution to the Solar Mean Magnetic Field from Different Solar Regions
Creators: name: Kutsenko, A. S.
name: Abramenko, V. I.
name: Yurchyshyn, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Seven-year long seeing-free observations of solar magnetic fields with the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) were used to study the sources of the solar mean magnetic field, SMMF, defined as the net line-of-sight magnetic flux divided over the solar disk area. To evaluate the contribution of different regions to the SMMF, we separated all the pixels of each SDO/HMI magnetogram into three subsets: weak (B_W), intermediate (B_I), and strong (B_S) fields. The B_W component represents areas with magnetic flux densities below the chosen threshold; the B_I component is mainly represented by network fields, remains of decayed active regions (ARs), and ephemeral regions. The B_S component consists of magnetic elements in ARs. To derive the contribution of a subset to the total SMMF, the linear regression coefficients between the corresponding component and the SMMF were calculated. We found that: i) when the threshold level of 30 Mx cm^-2 is applied, the B_I and B_S components together contribute from 65% to 95% of the SMMF, while the fraction of the occupied area varies in a range of 2-6% of the disk area; ii) as the threshold magnitude is lowered to 6 Mx cm^-2, the contribution from B_I+B_S grows to 98%, and the fraction of the occupied area reaches the value of about 40% of the solar disk. In summary, we found that regardless of the threshold level, only a small part of the solar disk area contributes to the SMMF. This means that the photospheric magnetic structure is an intermittent, inherently porous medium, resembling a percolation cluster. These findings suggest that the long-standing concept that continuous vast unipolar areas on the solar surface are the source of the SMMF may need to be reconsidered.
description: Solar Physics, accepted
Single Photon Source Using Laser Pulses and Two-Photon Absorption
Creators: name: Jacobs, B. C.
name: Pittman, T. B.
name: Franson, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have previously shown that two-photon absorption (TPA) and the quantum Zeno effect can be used to make deterministic quantum logic devices from an otherwise linear optical system. Here we show that this type of quantum Zeno gate can be used with additional two-photon absorbing media and weak laser pulses to make a heralded single photon source. A source of this kind is expected to have a number of practical advantages that make it well suited for large scale quantum information processing applications.
Robust modulation of integrate-and-fire models
Creators: name: Van Pottelbergh, Tomas
name: Drion, Guillaume
name: Sepulchre, Rodolphe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: By controlling the state of neuronal populations, neuromodulators ultimately affect behaviour. A key neuromodulation mechanism is the alteration of neuronal excitability via the modulation of ion channel expression. This type of neuromodulation is normally studied via conductance-based models, but those models are computationally challenging for large-scale network simulations needed in population studies. This paper studies the modulation properties of the Multi-Quadratic Integrate-and-Fire (MQIF) model, a generalisation of the classical Quadratic Integrate-and-Fire (QIF) model. The model is shown to combine the computational economy of integrate-and-fire modelling and the physiological interpretability of conductance-based modelling. It is therefore a good candidate for affordable computational studies of neuromodulation in large networks.
description: This is the authors' final version. The article has been accepted for publication in Neural Computation
Caustic and Weak Lensing Estimators of Galaxy Cluster Masses
Creators: name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Rines, Kenneth J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are only two methods for estimating the mass distribution in the outer regions of galaxy clusters, where virial equilibrium does not hold: weak gravitational lensing and identification of caustics in redshift space. For the first time, we apply both methods to three clusters: A2390, MS1358 and Cl 0024. The two measures are in remarkably good agreement out to ~2 Mpc/h from the cluster centers. This result demonstrates that the caustic technique is a valuable complement to weak lensing. With a few tens of redshifts per (Mpc/h)^2 within the cluster, the caustic method is applicable for any z
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, ApJ Letters, in press
Vortices and confinement in hot and cold D=2+1 gauge theories
Creators: name: Hart, A.
name: Lucini, B.
name: Schram, Z.
name: Teper, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the variation with temperature of the vortex free energy in D=2+1 SU(2) lattice gauge theories. We do so both above and below the deconfining transition at T=Tc. We find that this quantity is zero at all T for large enough volumes. For TTc it is consistent with the conventional expectation of `spatial' linear confinement. In small spatial volumes this quantity is shown to be non-zero. The way it decreases to zero with increasing volume is shown to be controlled by the (spatial) string tension and it has the functional form one would expect if the vortices being studied were responsible for the confinement at low T, and for the `spatial' confinement at large T. We also discuss in detail some of the direct numerical evidence for a non-zero spatial string tension at high T, and we show that the observed linearity of the (spatial) potential extends over distances that are large compared to typical high-T length scales.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures
Estimating the flux of the 14.4 keV solar axions
Creators: name: Avignone, F. T.
name: Creswick, R. J.
name: Vergados, J. D.
name: Pirinen, P.
name: Srivastava, P. C.
name: Suhonen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a calculation of the expected flux of the mono-energetic 14.4 keV solar axions emitted by the M1 type nuclear transition of $^{57}$Fe in the Sun. These axions can be detected, e.g., by inverse coherent Bragg-Primakoff conversion in single-crystal TeO$_2$ bolometers. The ingredients of this calculation are i) the axion nucleon coupling, estimated in several popular axion models and ii)the nuclear spin matrix elements involving realistic shell model calculations with both proton and neutron excitations. For the benefit of the experiments we have also calculated the branching ratio involving axion and photon emission
description: 3 figures, 3 tables, more references added
Theoretical study of cyclohexadiene/hexatriene photochemical interconversion using spin-Flip time-Dependent density functional theory
Creators: name: Salazar, Edison
name: Faraji, Shirin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Virology

description: The photochemical interconversion between 1,3-cyclohexadiene (CHD) and all-cis-hexatriene (cZc-HT) is reinvestigated using spin-flip time-dependent density functional theory in combination with various hybrid functionals, BHHLYP functional showing the best performance. The critical geometries of the ground, S0, and the first two excited-state, S1 and S2, potential energy surfaces, such as, various minima, transition state, minimum-energy crossing points between S2/S1 and S1/S0 show an excellent agreement with those obtained by multireference wave function methods. Our results show how a low-cost method based on DFT can successfully describe and characterise the most important geometries on the potential energy surfaces along the ring-opening/closure reaction coordinate involved in the CHD to cZc-HT photoconversion.
Surfactant-induced magnetic cationic phenolic resin and its application in the enrichment of the migrants from food contacting materials
Creators: name: Bai, Ling
name: Liu, Jiamin
name: Liu, Qian
name: Xu, Ting
name: Liu, Hongzhan
name: Wu, Ting
name: Zhang, Shijuan
name: Li, Yanxin
name: You, Jinmao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A magnetic cationic resorcinol/formaldehyde resin (Fe3O4@CTAB-RF) was synthesized and applied to the magnetic dispersive solid phase extraction (MDSPE) process for the first time. The cationic surfactant was introduced into the magnetic resorcinol/formaldehyde resin to increase the electrostatic interaction between the resin and the phenolic analytes. Fe3O4@CTAB-RF can also interact with the analytes through hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions which are intrinsic of resorcinol/formaldehyde resin. It was successfully applied to the MDSPE of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) such as bisphenol A (BPA) and alkylphenols from food contacting material migrants with the aid of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Extraction parameters such as adsorbent dose, sample pH, NaCl concentration, adsorbent time and desorption time were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection were in the range of 1.1–1.9 ng/mL and the recoveries were in the range of 90.6–99.5%.
Structure and Interpretation of Dual-Feasible Functions
Creators: name: Köppe, Matthias
name: Wang, Jiawei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C10

description: We study two techniques to obtain new families of classical and general Dual-Feasible Functions: A conversion from minimal Gomory--Johnson functions; and computer-based search using polyhedral computation and an automatic maximality and extremality test.
description: 6 pages extended abstract to appear in Proc. LAGOS 2017, with 21 pages of appendix
Exact Results and Duality for SP(2N) SUSY Gauge Theories with an Antisymmetric Tensor
Creators: name: Csaki, Csaba
name: Skiba, Witold
name: Schmaltz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study supersymmetric Sp(2N) gauge theories with matter in the antisymmetric tensor representation and F fundamentals. For F=6 we solve the theory exactly in terms of confined degrees of freedom and a superpotential. By adding mass terms we obtain the theories with F<6 which we find to exhibit a host of interesting non-perturbative phenomena: quantum deformed moduli spaces with N constraints, instanton-induced superpotentials and non-equivalent disjoint branches of moduli spaces. We find a simple dual for F=8 and no superpotential. We show how the F=4 and F=2 theories can be modified to break supersymmetry spontaneously and point out that the Sp(6) theory with F=6 may be very interesting for model builders.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX
Additional file 1: of Emergence of the Asian lineage dengue virus type 3 genotype III in Malaysia
Creators: name: Kim-Kee Tan
name: Nurul-Izzani Zulkifle
name: Syuhaida Sulaiman
name: Sui-Ping Pang
name: NurAsyura NorAmdan
name: NorAziyah MatRahim
name: Juraina Abd-Jamil
name: Meng-Hooi Shu
name: Nor Mahadi
name: Sazaly AbuBakar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S1. Dengue virus type 3 strains used in analysis in this study. (DOCX 44 kb)
Additional file 1 of Biomimetic radiosensitizers unlock radiogenetics for local interstitial radiotherapy to activate systematic immune responses and resist tumor metastasis
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiajia
name: Yang, Mengdie
name: Fan, Xin
name: Zhu, Mengqin
name: Yin, Yuzhen
name: Li, Hongyan
name: Chen, Jie
name: Qin, Shanshan
name: Zhang, Han
name: Zhang, Kun
name: Yu, Fei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures.
Instrumentation for the Study of Low Emittance Tuning and Beam Dynamics at CESR
Creators: name: Billing, M. G.
name: Dobbins, J. A.
name: Forster, M. J.
name: Kreinick, D. L.
name: Meller, R. E.
name: Peterson, D. P.
name: Ramirez, G. A.
name: Rendina, M. C.
name: Rider, N. T.
name: Sagan, D. C.
name: Shanks, J.
name: Sikora, J. P.
name: Stedinger, M. G.
name: Strohman, C. R.
name: Williams, H. A.
name: Palmer, M. A.
name: Holtzapple, R. L.
name: Flanagan, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cornell Electron-positron Storage Ring (CESR) has been converted from a High Energy Physics electron-positron collider to operate as a dedicated synchrotron light source for the Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) and to conduct accelerator physics research as a test accelerator, capable of studying topics relevant to future damping rings, colliders and light sources. Some of the specific topics that were targeted for the initial phase of operation of the storage ring in this mode for CESR as a Test Accelerator (CesrTA) included 1) tuning techniques to produce low emittance beams, 2) the study of electron cloud development in a storage ring and 3) intra-beam scattering effects. The complete conversion of CESR to CesrTA occurred over a several year period, described elsewhere. In addition to instrumentation for the storage ring, which was created for CesrTA, existing instrumentation was modified to facilitate the entire range of investigations to support these studies. Procedures were developed, often requiring coordinated measurements among different instruments. This paper describes the instruments utilized for the study of beam dynamics during the operation of CesrTA. The treatment of these instruments will remain fairly general in this paper as it focusses on an overview of the instruments themselves. Their interaction and inter-relationships during sequences of observations is found in a companion paper describing the associated measurement techniques. More detailed descriptions and detailed operational performance for some of the instrumentation may be found elsewhere and these will be referenced in the related sections of this paper.
Electron impact ionization loading of a surface electrode ion trap
Creators: name: Brown, Kenneth R.
name: Clark, Robert J.
name: Labaziewicz, Jaroslaw
name: Richerme, Philip
name: Leibrandt, David R.
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a method for loading surface electrode ion traps by electron impact ionization. The method relies on the property of surface electrode geometries that the trap depth can be increased at the cost of more micromotion. By introducing a buffer gas, we can counteract the rf heating assocated with the micromotion and benefit from the larger trap depth. After an initial loading of the trap, standard compensation techniques can be used to cancel the stray fields resulting from charged dielectric and allow for the loading of the trap at ultra-high vacuum.
description: 4 pages, 5 eps figures. Shift in focus, minor corrections
How to obtain a cosmological constant from small exotic R^4
Creators: name: Asselmeyer-Maluga, T.
name: Krol, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R55, 57M50, 83F05

description: In this paper we determine the cosmological constant as a topological invariant by applying certain techniques from low dimensional differential topology. We work with a small exotic $R^{4}$ which is embedded into the standard $\mathbb{R}^{4}$. Any exotic $R^4$ is a Riemannian smooth manifold with necessary non-vanishing curvature tensor. To determine the invariant part of such curvature we deal with a canonical construction of $R^4$ where it appears as a part of the complex surface $K3\#\overline{CP(2)}$. Such $R^{4}$'s admit hyperbolic geometry. This fact simplifies significantly the calculations and enforces the rigidity of the expressions. In particular, we explain the smallness of the cosmological constant with a value consisting of a combination of (natural) topological invariant. Finally, the cosmological constant appears to be a topologically supported quantity.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures, substantial changes, the value of the cosmological constant in agreement with measurements, accepted in Physics of the Dark Universe
Exploring the spectroscopic constants of , (main and a satellite) and states of N ion using the Fock-space coupled-cluster with eigenvalue independent partitioning
Creators: name: Sharma, Amitava
name: Chattopadhyay, Sudip
name: Sinha, Dhiman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The Fock-space coupled-cluster (FSCC) method appears as a robust computational scheme if reformulated within the eigenvalue independent partitioning framework (EIP-FSCC) which efficiently deals with the intruder states that cause convergence problems in its standard effective Hamiltonian format. Within such a reformulation not only the so-called main (principal) root of the effective Hamiltonian version are attainable, but also the alternative satellite roots appear from the higher-sectors of the corresponding matrix (that is properly constructed) upon its direct diagonalization. Selective spectroscopic constants of 2Πu, 2Σu+ (main and satellite), and 2Πg states of N2+ ion have here been estimated using the EIP-FSCC by exploiting various truncation schemes of cluster operators (EIP-FSCCSD and EIP-FSCCSDτ). EIP-FSCCSDτ includes the set of full connected triple excitation operators for the ionized states where as perturbative is considered by CCSDT1-a approximation. This work indicates that the EIP-FSCCSDτ, compared to EIP-FSCCSD scheme, is capable of providing nice agreement with experiment provided an adequate basis set is used.
Superhyperfine interactions in Ce3+ doped LiYF4 crystal: ENDOR measurements
Creators: name: Gafurov, M. R.
name: Mamin, G. V
name: Kurkin, I. N.
name: Rodionov, A. A.
name: Orlinskii, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first observation of the resolved Mims electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectra from the nearby and remote nuclei of 19F and 7Li nuclei on impurity Ce3+ ions in LiYF4 crystal is reported. It shows that LiYF4:Ce3+ system can be exploited as a convenient matrix for performing spin manipulations and adjusting quantum computation protocols while ENDOR technique could be used for the investigation of electron-nuclear interaction with all the nuclei of the system and exploited for the electron-nuclear spin manipulations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 Table. Reported on Theor-2017 (Kazan, Russia) Conference
The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey: Evolution of the non-linear galaxy bias up to z=1.5
Creators: name: Marinoni, C.
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Meneux, B.
name: Iovino, A.
name: Pollo, A.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Guzzo, L.
name: Mazure, A.
name: Scaramella, R.
name: Cappi, A.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Bottini, D.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Maccagni, D.
name: Picat, J. P.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Tresse, L.
name: Vettolani, G.
name: Zanichelli, A.
name: Adami, C.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Blaizot, J.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Charlot, S.
name: Ciliegi, P.
name: Contini, T.
name: Foucaud, S.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Gavignaud, I.
name: Marano, B.
name: Mathez, G.
name: Merighi, R.
name: Paltani, S.
name: Pello, R.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Radovich, M.
name: Zucca, E.
name: Bondi, M.
name: Bongiorno, A.
name: Busarello, G.
name: Colombi, S.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: Lamareille, F.
name: Mellier, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first measurements of the Probability Distribution Function (PDF) of galaxy fluctuations in the VIMOS-VLT Deep Survey (VVDS) cone, covering 0.4x0.4 deg between 0.40.8; ii) the formation of bright galaxies is inhibited below a characteristic mass-overdensity threshold whose amplitude increases with redshift and luminosity; iii) the biasing function is non linear in all the redshift bins investigated with non-linear effects of the order of a few to 10% on scales >5Mpc.
description: 30 pages, 17 figs, Accepted by A&A
An approximation strategy to compute accurate initial density matrices for repeated self-consistent field calculations at different geometries
Creators: name: Polack, É.
name: Mikhalev, A.
name: Dusson, G.
name: Stamm, B.
name: Lipparini, F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Repeated computations on the same molecular system, but with different geometries, are often performed in quantum chemistry, for instance, in ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations or geometry optimisations. While many efficient strategies exist to provide a good guess for the self-consistent field procedure, little is known on how to efficiently exploit the abundance of information generated during the many computations. In this article, we present a strategy to provide an accurate initial guess for the density matrix, expanded in a set of localised basis functions, within the self-consistent field iterations for parametrised Hartree–Fock problems where the nuclear coordinates are changed along with a few user-specified collective variables, such as the molecule's normal modes. Our approach is based on an offline-stage where the Hartree–Fock eigenvalue problem is solved for some particular parameter values and an online-stage where the initial guess is computed very efficiently for any new parameter value. The method allows nonlinear approximations of density matrices, which belong to a non-linear manifold that is isomorphic to the Grassmann manifold, by mapping such a manifold onto the tangent space. Numerical tests on different amino acids show promising initial results.
Non-Gaussian numerical errors versus mass hierarchy
Creators: name: Meurice, Y.
name: Oktay, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the numerical errors made in renormalization group calculations by varying slightly the rescaling factor of the fields and rescaling back in order to get the same (if there were no round-off errors) zero momentum 2-point function (magnetic susceptibility). The actual calculations were performed with Dyson's hierarchical model and a simplified version of it. We compare the distributions of numerical values obtained from a large sample of rescaling factors with the (Gaussian by design) distribution of a random number generator and find significant departures from the Gaussian behavior. In addition, the average value differ (robustly) from the exact answer by a quantity which is of the same order as the standard deviation. We provide a simple model in which the errors made at shorter distance have a larger weight than those made at larger distance. This model explains in part the non-Gaussian features and why the central-limit theorem does not apply.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, uses Revtex
Additional file 1 of Catastrophic health expenditure among single empty-nest elderly with multimorbidity in rural Shandong, China: the effect of co-occurrence of frailty
Creators: name: Jing, Zhengyue
name: Li, Jie
name: Fu, Pei Pei
name: Wang, Yi
name: Yuan, Yemin
name: Zhao, Dan
name: Hao, Wenting
name: Yu, Caiting
name: Zhou, Chengchao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Distribution of capacity to pay and OOP costs for health care among the single empty-nest elderly (60+) in rural Shandong, China, 2019
A new density for transition properties within the similarity transformed equation of motion approach
Creators: name: Ghosh, Soumen
name: Dutta, Achintya Kumar
name: de Souza, Bernardo
name: Berraud-Pache, Romain
name: Izsák, Róbert
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Similarity transformed equation of motion coupled cluster theory offers an efficient way of computing excited state energies by decoupling the space of singles from higher excitations. However, when computing properties with this method, one is left with a choice between an expensive method involving a transformation into the space of the singles and the doubles, or methods that approximate the full density. In this paper, we present a rigorous expectation value formulation of the density to compute transition properties and discuss its relation to other existing techniques. We confirm that the configuration interaction singles approximation we used in earlier studies oscillator strength values is a reliable one, but also that the current formulation provides a cost efficient improvement on it.
Additional file 9: of Patterns of geographic variation of thermal adapted candidate genes in Drosophila subobscura sex chromosome arrangements
Creators: name: Simões, Pedro
name: Pascual, Marta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Linkage disequilibrium (LD) between pairs of polymorphic sites (R2) against the nucleotide distance between compared sites. Significant comparisons after Bonferroni correction are presented in red (see Methods for additional details). A) LD between arrangements; B) LD within AST; C) LD within A2. (PDF 248 kb)
The maximum theoretical performance of unconcentrated solar photovoltaic and thermoelectric generator systems
Creators: name: Bjørk, Rasmus
name: Nielsen, Kaspar K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maximum efficiency for photovoltaic (PV) and thermoelectric generator (TEG) systems without concentration is investigated. Both a combined system where the TEG is mounted directly on the back of the PV and a tandem system where the incoming sunlight is split, and the short wavelength radiation is sent to the PV and the long wavelength to the TEG, are considered. An analytical model based on the Shockley-Queisser efficiency limit for PVs and the TEG figure of merit parameter $zT$ is presented. It is shown that for non-concentrated sunlight, even if the TEG operates at the Carnot efficiency and the PV performance is assumed independent of temperature, the maximum increase in efficiency is 4.5 percentage points (pp.) for the combined case and 1.8 pp. for the tandem case compared to a stand alone PV. For a more realistic case with a temperature dependent PV and a realistic TEG, the gain in performance is much lower. For the combined PV and TEG system it is shown that a minimum $zT$ value is needed in order for the system to be more efficient than a stand alone PV system.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Field theory of the spinning electron: Internal motions
Creators: name: Salesi, Giovanni
name: Recami, Erasmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a field theory of the spinning electron, by writing down a new equation for the 4-velocity field v^mu (different from that of Dirac theory), which allows a classically intelligible description of the electron. Moreover, we make explicit the noticeable kinematical properties of such velocity field (which also result different from the ordinary ones). At last, we analyze the internal zitterbewegung (zbw) motions, for both time-like and light-like speeds. We adopt in this paper the ordinary tensorial language. Our starting point is the Barut-Zanghi classical theory for the relativistic electron, which related spin with zbw. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Asim O. Barut, who so much contributed to clarifying very many fundamental issues of physics, and whose work constitutes a starting point of these articles.
description: standard LaTeX file
Generating set for general multipartite entangled states
Creators: name: Heydari, Hoshang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a entanglement generating set for a general multipartite state based on the of concurrence. In particular, we show that concurrence for general multipartite states can be constructed by different classes of local operators which are defined by complement of positive operator valued measure on quantum phases. The entanglement generating set consists of different classes of entanglement that are detected by these classes of operators and contributes to the degree of entanglement for a general multipartite state.
description: 5 pages
The spinning electron: Hidrodynamical formulation, and quantum limit, of the Barut-Zanghi theory
Creators: name: Salesi, Giovanni
name: Recami, Erasmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most satisfactory pictures for spinning particles is the Barut-Zanghi (BZ) classical theory for the relativistic extended-like electron, that relates spin to zitterbewegung (zbw). The BZ motion equations constituted the starting point for recent works about spin and electron structure, co-authored by us, which adopted the Clifford algebra language. This language results to be actually suited and fruitful for a hydrodynamical re-formulation of the BZ theory. Working out, in such a way, a ``probabilistic fluid'', we are allowed to re-interpret the original classical spinors as quantum wave-functions for the electron. Thus, we can pass to ``quantize" the BZ theory employing this time the tensorial language, more popular in first-quantization. ``Quantizing'' the BZ theory, however, does not lead to the Dirac equation, but rather to a non-linear, Dirac--like equation, which can be regarded as the actual ``quantum limit'' of the BZ classical theory. Moreover, an original variational approach to the the BZ probabilistic fluid shows that it is a typical ``Weyssenhoff fluid'', while the Hamilton-Jacobi equation (linking together mass, spin and zbw frequency) appears to be nothing but a special case of de Broglie's famous energy-frequency relation. Finally, after having discussed the remarkable correlation between the gauge transformation U(1) and a general rotation on the spin plan, we clarify and comment on the two-valuedness nature of the fermionic wave-function, and on the parity and charge conjugation transformations.