cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Vorträge und Forschungen: Sonderbände, Vol 35 (1987): Eduard Hlawitschka: Untersuchungen zu den Thronwechseln der ersten Hälfte des 11. Jahrhunderts [...]
Creators: name: Vorträge Und Forschungen: Sonderbände
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Untersuchungen zu den Thronwechseln der ersten Hälfte des 11. Jahrhunderts und zur Adelsgeschichte Süddeutschlands. Zugleich klärende Forschungen um »Kuno von Öhningen«

description: Untersuchungen zu den Thronwechseln der ersten Hälfte des 11. Jahrhunderts und zur Adelsgeschichte Süddeutschlands. Zugleich klärende Forschungen um »Kuno von Öhningen«
description: Untersuchungen zu den Thronwechseln der ersten Hälfte des 11. Jahrhunderts und zur Adelsgeschichte Süddeutschlands. Zugleich klärende Forschungen um »Kuno von Öhningen«
Shot noise in tunneling through a single quantum dot
Creators: name: Nauen, A.
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Maire, Niels
name: Pierz, Klaus
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: aluminum
subject: arsenic
subject: gallium
subject: indium
subject: article
subject: chemical structure
subject: density
subject: electric current
subject: electric potential
subject: noise
subject: quantum chemistry
subject: temperature measurement
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We investigate the noise properties of a zero-dimensional InAs quantum dot (QD) embedded in a GaAs-AlAs-GaAs tunneling structure. We observe an approximately linear dependence of the Fano factor and the current as a function of bias voltage. Both effects can be linked to the scanning of the three-dimensional emitter density of states by the QD. At the current step the shape of the Fano factor is mainly determined by the Fermi function of the emitter electrons. The observed voltage and temperature dependence is compared to the results of a master equation approach.
The propagation of neutrino-driven jets in Wolf-Rayet stars
Creators: name: Nagakura, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the jet propagation through a rotating collapsing Wolf-Rayet star with detailed central engine physics constructed based on the neutrino-driven collapsar model. The collapsing star determines the evolution of mass accretion rate, black hole mass and spin, all of which are important ingredients for determining the jet luminosity. We reveal that neutrino-driven jets in rapidly spinning Wolf-Rayet stars are capable of breaking out from the stellar envelope, while those propagating in slower rotating progenitors fail to jet breakout due to insufficient kinetic power. For progenitor models with successful jet breakouts, the kinetic energy accumulated in the cocoon could be as large as ~1051erg and might significantly contribute to the luminosity of the afterglow emission or to the kinetic energy of the accompanying supernova if nickel production takes place. We further analyze the post breakout phase using a simple analytical prescription and conclude that the relativistic jet component could produce events with an isotropic-luminosity Lp(iso) ~1052erg/s and isotropic-energy Ej(iso) ~1054erg. Our findings support the idea of rapidly rotating Wolf-Rayet stars as plausible progenitors of GRBs, while slowly rotational ones could be responsible for low luminosity or failed GRBs.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Transport through a quantum dot analyzed by electron counting
Creators: name: Fricke, Christian
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Sethubalasubramanian, Nandhavel
name: Fricke, Lukas
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cumulants
subject: Full Counting Statistics
subject: Quantum Dots
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We present measurements of single electron tunneling through a quantum dot (QD) using a quantum point contact as charge detector. The counting statistics for varying symmetry of the QD system is examined from a very large statistical basis. We extract high order cumulants describing the distribution and observe prominent oscillations when varying the symmetry. We compare this behavior to the observed oscillation in time dependence and show that the variation in both system variables lead to the same kind of oscillating response. © 2011 American Institute of Physics.
Geranium pusillum L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: G.pusillum L. Cat. 61. l: Les Granges (Wurgler); Outre-Rhône (Gams). - 3: Valsorey (Guyot); Herbrigg westlich Zermatt (Thellung); Eisten und Kapellenweg unter Fee im Saastal (A. Keller); Grund und Brunnen am Simplon (Favre, Guide, S. 44 [1875]; im Cat. vergessen). - 3a: Gabi (Becherer); Gondoschlucht oberhalb Gondo (idem). - 4: Binn (Binz).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Bayesian analysis of dynamic item response models in educational testing
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaojing
name: Berger, James O.
name: Burdick, Donald S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Item response theory (IRT) models have been widely used in educational measurement testing. When there are repeated observations available for individuals through time, a dynamic structure for the latent trait of ability needs to be incorporated into the model, to accommodate changes in ability. Other complications that often arise in such settings include a violation of the common assumption that test results are conditionally independent, given ability and item difficulty, and that test item difficulties may be partially specified, but subject to uncertainty. Focusing on time series dichotomous response data, a new class of state space models, called Dynamic Item Response (DIR) models, is proposed. The models can be applied either retrospectively to the full data or on-line, in cases where real-time prediction is needed. The models are studied through simulated examples and applied to a large collection of reading test data obtained from MetaMetrics, Inc.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS608 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Optically coherent nitrogen-vacancy defect centers in diamond nanostructures
Creators: name: Orphal-Kobin, Laura
name: Unterguggenberger, Kilian
name: Pregnolato, Tommaso
name: Kemf, Natalia
name: Matalla, Matthias
name: Unger, Ralph-Stephan
name: Ostermay, Ina
name: Pieplow, Gregor
name: Schröder, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically active solid-state spin defects have the potential to become a versatile resource for quantum information processing applications. Nitrogen-vacancy defect centers (NV) in diamond act as quantum memories and can be interfaced by coherent photons as demonstrated in entanglement protocols. However, in particular in diamond nanostructures, the effect of spectral diffusion leads to optical decoherence hindering entanglement generation. In this work, we present strategies to significantly reduce the electric noise in diamond nanostructures. We demonstrate single NVs in nanopillars exhibiting lifetime-limited linewidth on the time scale of one second and long-term spectral stability with inhomogeneous linewidth as low as 150 MHz over three minutes. Excitation power and energy-dependent measurements in combination with nanoscopic Monte Carlo simulations contribute to a better understanding of the impact of bulk and surface defects on the NV's spectral properties. Finally, we propose an entanglement protocol for nanostructure-coupled NVs providing entanglement generation rates up to hundreds of kHz.
description: Main part: 13 pages, 5 figures
Ultrafast tristable spin memory of a coherent polariton gas
Creators: name: Cerna, Roland
name: Léger, Yoan
name: Paraïso, Taofiq K.
name: Wouters, Michiel
name: Morier-Genoud, François
name: Portella-Oberli, Marcia T.
name: Deveaud, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear interactions in coherent gases are not only at the origin of of bright and dark solitons and superfluids. At the same time, they give rise to phenomena such as multistability, which hold great promise for the development of advanced photonic and spintronic devices. In particular, spinor multistability in strongly-coupled semiconductor microcavities shows that the spin of hundreds of exciton-polaritons can be coherently controlled, opening the route to spin-optronic devices such as ultrafast spin memories, gates or even neuronal communication schemes. Here, we demonstrate that switching between the stable spin states of a driven polariton gas can be controlled by ultrafast optical pulses. While such a long-lived spin memory necessarily relies on strong and anisotropic spinor interactions within the coherent polariton gas, we also highlight the crucial role of nonlinear losses and formation of a non-radiative particle reservoir for ultrafast spin-switching.
Gene set bagging for estimating replicability of gene set analyses
Creators: name: Jaffe, Andrew E.
name: Storey, John D.
name: Ji, Hongkai
name: Leek, Jeffrey T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: Significance analysis plays a major role in identifying and ranking genes, transcription factor binding sites, DNA methylation regions, and other high-throughput features for association with disease. We propose a new approach, called gene set bagging, for measuring the stability of ranking procedures using predefined gene sets. Gene set bagging involves resampling the original high-throughput data, performing gene-set analysis on the resampled data, and confirming that biological categories replicate. This procedure can be thought of as bootstrapping gene-set analysis and can be used to determine which are the most reproducible gene sets. Results: Here we apply this approach to two common genomics applications: gene expression and DNA methylation. Even with state-of-the-art statistical ranking procedures, significant categories in a gene set enrichment analysis may be unstable when subjected to resampling. Conclusions: We demonstrate that gene lists are not necessarily stable, and therefore additional steps like gene set bagging can improve biological inference of gene set analysis.
description: 3 Figures
On a three-dimensional model for MEMS with hinged boundary conditions
Creators: name: Nik, Katerina
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: free boundary problem
subject: hinged plate
subject: well-posedness
subject: positivity preserving property
subject: nonexistence
subject: MEMS
subject: freies Randwertproblem
subject: gelenkig gelagerte Platte
subject: Wohlgestelltheit
subject: positivitätserhaltende Eigenschaft
subject: Nichtexistenz
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: We study a free boundary problem arising from the modeling of an idealized electrostatically actuated MEMS device. In contrast to existing literature, we consider a three-dimensional device involving a hinged elastic plate. The model couples the electrostatic potential to the displacement of the elastic plate, which is caused by a voltage difference that is applied to the device. The electrostatic potential is harmonic in the free domain between the elastic plate and a rigid ground plate. The elastic plate displacement solves a fourth-order parabolic equation with hinged boundary conditions and a right-hand side proportional to the gradient trace of the electrostatic potential on the elastic plate. We establish local and global well-posedness of the model in dependence of the applied voltage difference and show that only touchdown of the elastic plate on the ground plate can generate a finite time singularity. Next, we consider stationary solutions and prove that such solutions exist for small voltage values and do not exist for large voltage values. To prove the nonexistence result, we show that the fourth-order elliptic operator with hinged boundary conditions satisfies a positivity preserving property and has a positive eigenpair.
Hierarchically-coupled hidden Markov models for learning kinetic rates from single-molecule data
Creators: name: van de Meent, Jan-Willem
name: Bronson, Jonathan E.
name: Wood, Frank
name: Gonzalez, Ruben L.
name: Wiggins, Chris H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We address the problem of analyzing sets of noisy time-varying signals that all report on the same process but confound straightforward analyses due to complex inter-signal heterogeneities and measurement artifacts. In particular we consider single-molecule experiments which indirectly measure the distinct steps in a biomolecular process via observations of noisy time-dependent signals such as a fluorescence intensity or bead position. Straightforward hidden Markov model (HMM) analyses attempt to characterize such processes in terms of a set of conformational states, the transitions that can occur between these states, and the associated rates at which those transitions occur; but require ad-hoc post-processing steps to combine multiple signals. Here we develop a hierarchically coupled HMM that allows experimentalists to deal with inter-signal variability in a principled and automatic way. Our approach is a generalized expectation maximization hyperparameter point estimation procedure with variational Bayes at the level of individual time series that learns an single interpretable representation of the overall data generating process.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
title: Vorträge und Forschungen: Sonderbände, Vol 46 (1999)
Creators: name: Vorträge Und Forschungen: Sonderbände
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Abklopfen einer problematischen Klosterüberlieferung zur Missionierung der Alpenslawen Oberkärntens
description: Der Millstätter Domitian. Abklopfen einer problematischen Klosterüberlieferung zur Missionierung der Alpenslawen Oberkärntens
description: Hans-Dietrich Kahl: Der Millstätter Domitian
Shot noise in self-assembled InAS quantum dots
Creators: name: Nauen, A.
name: Hapke-Wurst, I.
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Zeitler, U.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
name: Pierz, Klaus
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: arsenic
subject: indium
subject: amplifier
subject: article
subject: diode
subject: electric current
subject: electric potential
subject: electron
subject: elementary particle
subject: energy
subject: noise
subject: quantum mechanics
subject: reproducibility
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We investigate the noise properties of a GaAs-AlAs-GaAs tunneling structure with embedded self-assembled InAs quantum dots in the single-electron tunneling regime. We analyze the dependence of the relative noise amplitude of the shot noise on bias voltage. We observe a nonmonotonic behavior of the Fanofactor α with an average value of α≈0.8 consistent with the asymmetry of the tunneling barriers. Reproducible fluctuations observed in α can be attributed to the successive participation of more and more InAs quantum dots in the tunneling current.
On the combinatorics of Tits arrangements
Creators: name: Geis, David
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics
subject: simplicial hyperplane arrangements
subject: discrete geometry
subject: Kombinatorik
subject: simpliziale Arrangements von Hyperebenen
subject: diskrete Geometrie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: In this thesis, we study simplicial arrangements of hyperplanes. Classically, a simplicial arrangement $\mathcal{A}$ in $\mathbb{R}^r$ is a finite set of linear hyperplanes such that every component of $\mathbb{R}^r \setminus \left( \bigcup_{H \in \mathcal{A}} H \right)$ is an open simplicial cone. A short introduction is given in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, we review the precise definitions and collect some important known results; we also recall the more general concept of a Tits arrangement and the corresponding notions. In Chapter 3, we establish some results for these Tits arrangement. In particular, we give a combinatorial characterization of pairs of Tits arrangements differing by one hyperplane. For this, we introduce weak Dynkin diagrams, which generalize the classical Dynkin diagrams in the crystallographic case. Moreover, we show how one may associate a so called finite reflection groupoid to certain Tits arrangements, generalizing the concept of the Weyl groupoid in the crystallographic case. Furthermore, we classify crystallographic Tits arrangements of rank at least seven containing a chamber whose associated Dynkin diagram is of a certain prescribed type. Chapter 4 contains a classification of affine rank three Tits arrangements whose associated root vectors lie on a projective cubic curve. In Chapter 5, we focus on the classical subject of simplicial line arrangements in $\mathbb{P}^2(\mathbb{R})$. A classification even in this case is still an open problem. However, there exists a catalogue published by Grünbaum listing almost all currently known examples; only four additional arrangements have been discovered by Michael Cuntz. One of the main conjectures in the field is that the current catalogue is complete up to finitely many additions. We prove this conjecture for various special kinds of simplicial arrangements. For instance, we prove that a free simplicial arrangement $\mathcal{A}$ such that $t^\mathcal{A}_i=0$ for $i \geq 6 consists of at most forty lines. We also show that there are only finitely many (combinatorial isomorphism classes of) simplicial line arrangements whose associated root vectors lie on an irreducible projective algebraic curve of fixed (or at least bounded) degree. In the last Chapter 6, we study an interesting phenomenon: given a simplicial arrangement $\mathcal{A}$ in $V:=\mathbb{P}^{r-1}(\mathbb{R})$, one may associate in a natural way certain arrangements in the dual space V^*. It turns out that these dual arrangements are also simplicial in many cases and we give finiteness, classification as well as some experimental results in this setup. For instance, we show how to construct certain sporadic arrangements via reflection groups.
Additional file 1 of Prime-boost-type PspA3 + 2 mucosal vaccine protects cynomolgus macaques from intratracheal challenge with pneumococci
Creators: name: Yokota, Chieko
name: Fujimoto, Kosuke
name: Yamakawa, Natsuko
name: Kono, Masamitsu
name: Miyaoka, Daichi
name: Shimohigoshi, Masaki
name: Uematsu, Miho
name: Watanabe, Miki
name: Kamei, Yukari
name: Sugimoto, Akira
name: Kawasaki, Natsuko
name: Yabuno, Takato
name: Okamura, Tomotaka
name: Kuroda, Eisuke
name: Hamaguchi, Shigeto
name: Sato, Shintaro
name: Hotomi, Muneki
name: Akeda, Yukihiro
name: Ishii, Ken J.
name: Yasutomi, Yasuhiro
name: Sunami, Kishiko
name: Uematsu, Satoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1. Immunization schedule for mice. Six weeks after the primary immunizations, the mice received PspA boosters administered intranasally. Supplementary Figure S2. Immunization schedule for macaques. Macaques are immunized intramuscularly on week 0 and week 4. (A) Forty-one weeks after the primary immunizations, the macaques received PspA boosters administered intratracheally (related to Figure 3). (B) Seventeen weeks after the primary immunizations, the macaques received PspA boosters administered intratracheally (related to Figs. 4 and 5). Supplementary Figure S3. Nasal antigen administration do not boost antigenspecific IgA in BALF after primary immunization with PspA3+2/WOW emulsion containing curdlan in mice. Titers of PspA-specific IgA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice immunized with PspA/WOW emulsion containing curdlan + CpG-ODN (n=5 mice/group). NS; not significant (Tukey’s post hoc test).
title: Vorträge und Forschungen: Sonderbände, Vol 53 (2009): Rudolf Schieffer und Gabriela Signori (Hg.): Arno Borst (1925 – 2007)
Creators: name: Vorträge Und Forschungen: Sonderbände
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Frontispiz
 Titel / Impressum
 Inhaltsverzeichnis
 Erinnerung an Arno Borst...9-13
 Vorwort...7
 Arno Borst und die Monumenta Germaniae Historica...15-19
 Arno Borst und die Katharer...21-26
 Arno Borst und das Mittelalter am Bodensee...27-38
 Schriftenverzeichnis Arno Borst...39-63
Spin-Bahn-Kopplung in niedrigdimensionalen Strukturen auf Oberflächen : Wachstum und elektronischer Transport
Creators: name: Lükermann, Daniel
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Magneto transport
subject: quantum wires
subject: Rashba-effect
subject: spin-orbit coupling
subject: bismuth thin films
subject: spin-polarized electronic transport
subject: Magnetotransport
subject: Quantendrähte
subject: Pb/Si(557)
subject: Fermi-Nesting
subject: Rashba-Effekt
subject: Spin-Bahn Kopplung
subject: Bismutfilme
subject: spinpolarisierter elektronischer Transport
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Improving the Hadron Physics of Non-Standard-Model Decays: Example Bounds on R-parity Violation
Creators: name: Daub, J. T.
name: Dreiner, H. K.
name: Hanhart, C.
name: Kubis, B.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the example of selected decays driven by R-parity-violating supersymmetric operators, we demonstrate how strong final-state interactions can be controlled quantitatively with high precision, thus allowing for a more accurate extraction of effective parameters from data. In our examples we focus on the lepton-flavor-violating decays tau --> mu pi+ pi-. In R-parity violation these can arise due to the product of two couplings. We find bounds that are an order of magnitude stronger than previous ones.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
title: Rapid Assessment of Refractive Error, Presbyopia, and Visual Impairment and Associated Quality of Life in Nampula, Mozambique
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Loughman, James
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2015

description: Introduction: Uncorrected refractive error is the leading cause of visual impairment worldwide and leads to an impaired quality of life. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of uncorrected refractive error and presbyopia, to assess spectacle coverage, and to evaluate visual health-related quality of life among persons aged 15–50 years old in Nampula, Mozambique.

Methods: Participants were assessed using a validated rapid assessment of refractive error protocol, comprised of a demographic questionnaire, a standardized ophthalmic assessment to determine refractive status and spectacle coverage, and a modified vision-related quality of life questionnaire to assess the impact of uncorrected refractive error on participants’ visual health status.

Results: Among the 3,453 respondents, visual impairment prevalence was 3.5% (95%, CI 2.7%–4.2%), with 65.8% of those visually impaired being 35 years of age and older. Uncorrected refractive error prevalence was 2.6% (95%, CI 2.1–3.2%), and was the primary cause of visual impairment among 64.5% of cases. The spectacle coverage for uncorrected refractive error was 0%. Presbyopia prevalence was higher, at 25.8% (95%, CI 12.0–30.5%), with only 2.2% spectacle coverage. Respondents with visual impairment demonstrated statistically significantly lower quality of life scores compared to those without visual problems (p < 0.01).

Implications for practitioners: The uncorrected refractive error problem and a distinct lack of spectacle coverage for refractive error and presbyopia indicate an urgent need for the development and delivery of a comprehensive refractive error service in the Nampula region of Mozambique
Additional file 1 of Systematic review and meta-analysis of head-to-head trials comparing sulfonylureas and low hypoglycaemic risk antidiabetic drugs
Creators: name: Volke, Vallo
name: Katus, Urmeli
name: Johannson, Annika
name: Toompere, Karolin
name: Heinla, Keiu
name: Rünkorg, Kertu
name: Uusküla, Anneli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Beiträge zur Optimierung von Mittelohrprothesen : Strategien zur antibakteriellen Modifizierung und zur Entwicklung eines Trommelfellpolsters
Creators: name: Lüßenhop, Tammo
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Alkylated poly(4-vinylpyridine)
subject: bipyridine
subject: antibacterial coatings
subject: mesoporous silica
subject: silver
subject: PDMS-silicone
subject: siloxane
subject: Alkyliertes Poly(4-vinylpyridin)
subject: Bipyridin
subject: antibakterielle Beschichtungen
subject: mesoporöses Siliciumdioxid
subject: Silber
subject: PDMS-Silicon
subject: Siloxan
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: [no abstract]
Nanointerferometric Amplitude and Phase Reconstruction of Tightly Focused Vector Beams
Creators: name: Bauer, Thomas
name: Orlov, Sergej
name: Peschel, Ulf
name: Banzer, Peter
name: Leuchs, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highly confined vectorial electromagnetic field distributions represent an excellent tool for detailed studies in nano-optics and high resolution microscopy, such as nonlinear microscopy, advanced fluorescence imaging or nanoplasmonics. Such field distributions can be generated, for instance, by tight focussing of polarized light beams. To guarantee high quality and resolution in the investigation of objects with sub-wavelength dimensions, the precise knowledge of the spatial distribution of the exciting vectorial field is of utmost importance. Full-field reconstruction methods presented so far involved, for instance, complex near-field techniques. Here, we demonstrate a simple and straight-forward to implement measurement scheme and reconstruction algorithm based on the scattering signal of a single spherical nanoparticle as a field-probe. We are able to reconstruct the amplitudes of the individual focal field components as well as their relative phase distributions with sub-wavelength resolution from a single scan measurement without the need for polarization analysis of the scattered light. This scheme can help to improve modern microscopy and nanoscopy techniques.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
A new way to measure supermassive black hole spin in accretion disc dominated Active Galaxies
Creators: name: Done, Chris
name: Jin, C.
name: Middleton, M.
name: Ward, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that disc continuum fitting can be used to constrain black hole spin in a subclass of Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) AGN as their low mass and high mass accretion rate means that the disc peaks at energies just below the soft X-ray bandpass. We apply the technique to the NLS1 PG1244+026, where the optical/UV/X-ray spectrum is consistent with being dominated by a standard disc component. This gives a best estimate for black hole spin which is low, with a firm upper limit of $a_*<0.86$. This contrasts with the recent X-ray determinations of (close to) maximal black hole spin in other NLS1 based on relativistic smearing of the iron profile. While our data on PG1244+026 does not have sufficient statistics at high energy to give a good measure of black hole spin from the iron line profile, cosmological simulations predict that black holes with similar masses have similar growth histories and so should have similar spins. This suggests that there is a problem either in our understanding of disc spectra, or/and X-ray reflection or/and the evolution of black hole spin.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The improvement of Coney Island, Rockaway and South Beaches
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1937
Subjects: City planning--New York (State)--New York.
Shore protection--New York (State)--New York.
Beach erosion--New York (State)--New York.
Coastal engineering--New York (State)--New York.

description: Report by Robert Moses to New York City Mayor Fiorello LaGuardia
Additional file 2 of Systematic review and meta-analysis of head-to-head trials comparing sulfonylureas and low hypoglycaemic risk antidiabetic drugs
Creators: name: Volke, Vallo
name: Katus, Urmeli
name: Johannson, Annika
name: Toompere, Karolin
name: Heinla, Keiu
name: Rünkorg, Kertu
name: Uusküla, Anneli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Experimental Demonstration of High-Rate Discrete-Modulated Continuous-Variable Quantum Key Distribution System
Creators: name: Pan, Yan
name: Wang, Heng
name: Shao, Yun
name: Pi, Yaodi
name: Li, Yang
name: Liu, Bin
name: Huang, Wei
name: Xu, Bingjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high-rate continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system based on high-order discrete modulation is experimentally investigated. With the help of the novel system scheme, effective digital signal processing algorithms and advanced analytical security proof method, the transmission results of 5 km, 10 km, 25 km, and 50 km are achieved for the 1 GBaud optimized quantum signals. Correspondingly, the asymptotic secret key rate (SKR) is 288.421 Mbps, 159.395 Mbps, 50.004 Mbps and 7.579 Mbps for discrete Gaussian (DG) 64QAM, and 326.708 Mbps, 179.348 Mbps, 50.623 Mbps and 9.212 Mbps for DG 256QAM. Under the same parameters, the achieved SKRs of DG 256QAM is almost same to ideal Gaussian modulation. In this case, the demonstrated high-rate discrete modulated CV-QKD system has the application potential for high speed security communication under tens of kilometers.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Modeling temporal gradients in regionally aggregated California asthma hospitalization data
Creators: name: Quick, Harrison
name: Banerjee, Sudipto
name: Carlin, Bradley P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advances in Geographical Information Systems (GIS) have led to the enormous recent burgeoning of spatial-temporal databases and associated statistical modeling. Here we depart from the rather rich literature in space-time modeling by considering the setting where space is discrete (e.g., aggregated data over regions), but time is continuous. Our major objective in this application is to carry out inference on gradients of a temporal process in our data set of monthly county level asthma hospitalization rates in the state of California, while at the same time accounting for spatial similarities of the temporal process across neighboring counties. Use of continuous time models here allows inference at a finer resolution than at which the data are sampled. Rather than use parametric forms to model time, we opt for a more flexible stochastic process embedded within a dynamic Markov random field framework. Through the matrix-valued covariance function we can ensure that the temporal process realizations are mean square differentiable, and may thus carry out inference on temporal gradients in a posterior predictive fashion. We use this approach to evaluate temporal gradients where we are concerned with temporal changes in the residual and fitted rate curves after accounting for seasonality, spatiotemporal ozone levels and several spatially-resolved important sociodemographic covariates.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS600 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Shot noise in resonant tunneling through a zero-dimensional state with a complex energy spectrum
Creators: name: Nauen, A.
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Könemann, J.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: aluminum
subject: arsenic
subject: gallium
subject: article
subject: conductance
subject: electric current
subject: electric potential
subject: energy transfer
subject: magnetic field
subject: noise
subject: temperature dependence
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We investigate the noise properties of a GaAs/AlxGa 1-xAs resonant-tunneling structure at bias voltages where the current characteristic is determined by single electron tunneling. We discuss the suppression of the shot noise in the framework of a coupled two-state system. For large bias voltages we observe super-Poissonian shot noise up to values of the Fano factor α≈ 10.
Heating of Micro-protrusions in Accelerating Structures
Creators: name: Keser, A. C.
name: Antonsen, T. M.
name: Nusinovich, G. S.
name: Kashyn, D. G.
name: Jensen, K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal and field emission of electrons from protrusions on metal surfaces is a possible limiting factor on the performance and operation of high-gradient room temperature accelerator structures. We present here the results of extensive numerical simulations of electrical and thermal behavior of protrusions. We unify the thermal and field emission in the same numerical framework, describe bounds for the emission current and geometric enhancement, then we calculate the Nottingham and Joule heating terms and solve the heat equation to characterize the thermal evolution of emitters under RF electric field. Our findings suggest that, heating is entirely due to the Nottingham effect, that thermal runaway scenarios are not likely, and that high RF frequency causes smaller swings in temperature and cooler tips. We build a phenomenological model to account for the effect of space charge and show that space charge eliminates the possibility of tip melting, although near melting temperatures reached.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Automatic Referral Classification for the Chilean Waiting List
Creators: name: Villena, Fabián
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In Chile, some 80 problems are covered by the Explicit Health Guarantees (which stands for Garantías explícitas en Salud, GES in Spanish), which means that there is a guaranteed maximum time between the diagnosis and the treatment of the health problem. Patients have the right to be treated in a prioritized way. Misclassification of patients covered by GES lead to be considered in a non-prioritized waiting list, characterized by prolonged waiting times. Furthermore, hospitals get fines for GES misclassification. Also, urgent cases must be treated as prioritized by the institution even if they are not GES. We propose to design, construct, train and deploy a web service based automatic system that receives a referral and then classifies it using models for GES and urgency class. This solution is based on machine learning algorithms that train models with human-coded historical data from healthcare services. Those models have the intelligence to classify a referral into GES and urgency. Natural Language Processing techniques were applied to the free-text of the referrals to code the information into a vectorial representation of words. These dense vectors were inputted as features to train different machine learning models. The best performing algorithm was Random Forest, reaching an F1-score of 0.91 in GES classification and 0.92 in Urgency classification. The platform has been used for 30 weeks in a hospital and 4472 referrals have been analyzed. Human-machine discrepancies were 129 cases, wherein 87 cases the machine was right. We were able to deploy a production-ready intelligent system to automatically classify referrals into GES and Urgency categories faster than human classification.
Three-beam atom interferometer
Creators: name: Hinderthür, H.
name: Pautz, A.
name: Rieger, V.
name: Ruschewitz, F.
name: Peng, J.L.
name: Sengstock, K.
name: Ertmer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Atoms
subject: Electromagnetic wave interference
subject: Electron energy levels
subject: Interferometers
subject: Laser beams
subject: Magnesium
subject: Magnetic field effects
subject: Magnetic shielding
subject: Molecules
subject: Optical beam splitters
subject: Photons
subject: Quantum optics
subject: Laser frequency
subject: Magnetic field strength
subject: Three beam atom interferometer
subject: Interferometry
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We present an atom interferometer based on the interference of three partial matter waves in three different internal and external states. Coherent laser excitation acts as a beamsplitter to create a superposition state of the ground state and two Zeeman sublevels of the metastable state of magnesium atoms. The interference pattern of the output ports shows high contrast and the characteristics of three-beam interferences as known from optical interferometry. In comparison to two-beam interferometry a reduction of the fringe width of (32±8)% is observed. This offers various possibilities for improved measurements of quantum-mechanical phases due to the internal atomic-state sensitive coupling of external potentials. This is demonstrated for the interaction of magnesium atoms with an external magnetic field. © 1997 The American Physical Society.
Scaling the Decay of Turbulence Kinetic Energy in the Free-Convective Boundary Layer
Creators: name: El Guernaoui, Omar
name: Reuder, Joachim
name: Esau, Igor
name: Wolf, Tobias
name: Maronga, Björn
Publisher: name: Dordrecht : Springer Netherland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Convective scaling
subject: Free-convective boundary layer
subject: Power-law scaling
subject: Similarity relations
subject: Turbulence kinetic energy decay
subject: Atmospheric thermodynamics
subject: Boundary layer flow
subject: Boundary layers
subject: Decay (organic)
subject: Heat convection
subject: Kinetic energy
subject: Kinetics
subject: Large eddy simulation
subject: Lattice vibrations
subject: Turbulence
subject: Convective boundary layers
subject: Power law scalings
subject: Turbulence kinetic energy
subject: Heat flux
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: We investigate the scaling for decaying turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) in the free-convective boundary layer, from the time the surface heat flux starts decaying, until a few hours after it has vanished. We conduct a set of large-eddy simulation experiments, consider various initial convective situations, and prescribe realistic decays of the surface heat flux over a wide range of time scales. We find that the TKE time evolution is dictated by the decaying magnitude of the surface heat flux up to 0.7 τ approximately, where τ is the prescribed duration from maximum to zero surface heat flux. During the time period starting at zero surface heat flux, we search for potential power-law scaling by examining the log–log presentation of TKE as a function of time. First, we find that the description of the decay highly depends on whether the time origin is defined as the time when the surface heat flux starts decaying (traditional scaling framework), or the time when it vanishes (proposed new scaling framework). Second, when varying τ, the results plotted in the traditional scaling framework indicate variations in the power-law decay rates over several orders of magnitude. In the new scaling framework, however, we find a unique decay exponent in the order of 1, independent of the initial convective condition, and independent of τ, giving support for the proposed scaling framework.
Exact study of surface critical exponents of polymer chains grafted to adsorbing boundary of fractal lattices embedded in three-dimensional space
Creators: name: Zivic, I.
name: Elezovic-Hadzic, S.
name: Milosevic, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the adsorption problem of linear polymers, when the container of the polymer--solvent system is taken to be a member of the three dimensional Sierpinski gasket (SG) family of fractals. Members of the SG family are enumerated by an integer $b$ ($2\le b\le\infty$), and it is assumed that one side of each SG fractal is impenetrable adsorbing boundary. We calculate the critical exponents $γ_1, γ_{11}$, and $γ_s$ which, within the self--avoiding walk model (SAW) of polymer chain, are associated with the numbers of all possible SAWs with one, both, and no ends grafted on the adsorbing impenetrable boundary, respectively. By applying the exact renormalization group (RG) method, for $2\le b\le 4$, we have obtained specific values for these exponents, for various type of polymer conformations. We discuss their mutual relations and their relations with other critical exponents pertinent to SAWs on the SG fractals.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
title: Access to Optometric Education: Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Loughman, James
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2014

description: Access to education was identified as a key international priority by UNESCO as far back as 1998 when it called for “equality of access”. The profession of optometry has been challenged to educate practitioners in increasing numbers in order to meet the eye care needs. The World Health Organization reported that globally, an estimated 285 million people are visually impaired and in Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) uncorrected refractive error is the main cause of visual impairment. The number of optometrists trained on the continent is currently insufficient to meet these eye care needs with limited access to education remaining a stark reality for students. A qualitative research design framed in phenomenology was used to conduct structured interviews with academic leaders in optometry across SSA. Finance for tuition andstudent maintenance, lack of knowledge of optometry and optometrists, high admission criteria, limited spaces at institutions,poor mathematics and science results, gender inequalities and geographical location were cited as barriers to optometric education. Lack of funding was the main contributing factor for the high attrition rate from university in countries where students have to pay their own fees.Where tertiary education is free, the limited number of spaces available in the programmes was the major barrier to access to optometric education for the ever-increasing number of aspiring applicants. The profession of optometry has a key role to play in eye care service delivery in Africa. Therefore educators, policymakers and health professionals must together formulate strategies to increase access to optometric education.
Entwicklung einer Low-Level-Radon-Referenzkammer
Creators: name: Linzmaier, Diana
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Metrology
subject: multiwire impulse ionisation chamber
subject: Radon
subject: Metrologie
subject: Vieldraht-Impuls-Ionisationskammer
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]