cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: ÐÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ° ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹, Ð¾ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ÐºÐ²Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð´Ð¾Ð¼Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð½Ð° ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³Ð°, Ñ Ð³Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð°ÑÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÐµÐ¼
title: Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ½Ð½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2017
Subjects: ÑÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ°
ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
Ð¶Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¾-ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÑÐ½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ Ñ Ð¾Ð·ÑÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¾

description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÐÐÐ¥ Ð³. Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³Ð°, Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾-ÑÐ¾Ð·ÑÐ¹ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Â«ÐÐÐ¡ â 2 ÐÐµÐ²ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð¹Ð¾Ð½Ð°Â», Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ° ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸. ÐÑÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÑ, ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐÐÐ.
Politics at Work
Creators: name: Lees, Jeffrey
name: Solomon, Brittany
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: American Politics
subject: Business Administration, Management, and Operations
subject: Organizational Behavior and Theory
subject: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Labor Relations
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Research project exploring how workers think politics affect organizational decision-making
Correlated escape of active particles across a potential barrier
Creators: name: Caprini, Lorenzo
name: Cecconi, Fabio
name: Marconi, Umberto Marini Bettolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of one-dimensional active particles confined in a double-well potential, focusing on the escape properties of the system, such as the mean escape time from a well. We first consider a single-particle both in near and far-from-equilibrium regimes by varying the persistence time of the active force and the swim velocity. A non-monotonic behavior of the mean escape time is observed with the persistence time of the activity, revealing the existence of an optimal choice of the parameters favoring the escape process. For small persistence times, a Kramers-like formula with an effective potential obtained within the Unified Colored Noise Approximation is shown to hold. Instead, for large persistence times, we developed a simple theoretical argument based on the first passage theory which explains the linear dependence on the escape time with the persistence of the active force. In the second part of the work, we consider the escape of two active particles mutually repelling. Interestingly, the subtle interplay of active and repulsive forces may lead to a correlation between particles favoring the simultaneous jump across the barrier. This mechanism cannot be observed in the escape process of two passive particles. Finally, we find that, in the small-persistence regime, the repulsion favors the escape, like in passive systems, in agreement with our theoretical predictions, while for large persistence times, the repulsive and active forces produce an effective attraction which hinders the barrier crossing.
title: Exploring the Spawning Dynamics and Identifying Limitations to the Early Life-History Survival of an Important, Endemic Fish Species
Creators: name: Seidel, Sara Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2009

description: For many native, imperiled salmonid species, the prioritization of recovery and conservation efforts hinges upon the identification of a species most limiting life stage. The early life-history stage can be a limiting life stage for fish, and given the importance of the reproductive stage to overall persistence, there is a need to better understand the spawning ecology and early life history of many salmonids. The Logan River, in northern Utah, contains one of the largest metapopulations of imperiled Bonneville cutthroat trout (BCT) throughout the Bonneville Basin. Little research has evaluated the temporal and spatial distribution of BCT spawning nor quantified their early life-history survival. In the summer of 2008, I documented the spawning ecology of BCT and quantified their early life-history survival via egg-to-fry survival field experiments in four tributaries to the Logan River. I observed considerable variability in the timing, magnitude, and duration of spawning between study streams, in part as a function of a variable, multi-peaked hydrograph. I also conducted egg-to-fry survival experiments using incubation boxes and hatchery-fertilized, eyed cutthroat embryos and installed these boxes throughout my study streams. I found that survival was extremely variable within and among my study streams. For example, the variation I observed in survival appeared to be a function of fine sediment loads. Lastly, I observed that in the Logan River the timing of greatest intensity of both stream side and in-stream anthropogenic activities (e.g., livestock grazing, horseback riding) overlaps directly with the spawning and early life stages of BCT. Using my estimates of early survival, I revised a four-stage matrix population model for BCT in order to evaluate the hypothetical effects of anthropogenic impact on rearing areas. I determined that population growth rates are sensitive to perturbation at the egg-to-fry and fry to age-1 stages, and if even a small number of redds are destroyed through habitat degradation, a high degree of immigration of reproductively mature BCT is required to maintain the near-term persistence of this population. Future conservation efforts for BCT should be prioritized to protect areas where land-use activities are high during the sensitive spawning and early life-stage periods.
The half-integral weight eigencurve
Creators: name: Ramsey, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F11, 11F33, 11F37

description: In this paper we define Banach spaces of overconvergent half-integral weight $p$-adic modular forms and Banach modules of families of overconvergent half-integral weight $p$-adic modular forms over admissible open subsets of weight space. Both spaces are equipped with a continuous Hecke action for which $U_{p^2}$ is moreover compact. The modules of families of forms are used to construct an eigencurve parameterizing all finite-slope systems of eigenvalues of Hecke operators acting on these spaces. We also prove an analog of Coleman's theorem stating that overconvergent eigenforms of suitably low slope are classical.
title: Ð Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼ ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð¢Ð­Ð¡
title: Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ð¤Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸Ð½, ÐÐ¸ÐºÑÐ¾Ñ
Publisher: name: ÐÐ·Ð´-Ð²Ð¾ ÐÐ¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½. ÑÐ½-ÑÐ°
Year: 2017
Subjects: ÐÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ»Ñ
Ð¢ÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÑ
ÐÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ

description: Ð Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ðµ "ÐÐ²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ðµ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð²ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸". Ð ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ° ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ° Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð² Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð² (ÐºÐ¾ÑÐµÐ», ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ð°). Ð Ð°ÑÑÐµÑÑ Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÑÑÑÑ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ»Ð°, ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼ ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. Ð¡Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð² Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð²Ð¸Ð´Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ° (ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ° Ð²ÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ° ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ, Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ°), ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ (ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ), Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¼ (Ð¿ÐµÑÐ²Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð¹). ÐÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ "Ð¢ÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÐºÐ° Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°".
description: ÐÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·Ð´Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð£ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ° Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐ° ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾.
Linear Systems on Tropical Curves
Creators: name: Haase, Christian
name: Musiker, Gregg
name: Yu, Josephine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05 (Primary), 14H99, 14C20, 05C57 (Secondary)

description: A tropical curve Γis a metric graph with possibly unbounded edges, and tropical rational functions are continuous piecewise linear functions with integer slopes. We define the complete linear system |D| of a divisor D on a tropical curve Γanalogously to the classical counterpart. We investigate the structure of |D| as a cell complex and show that linear systems are quotients of tropical modules, finitely generated by vertices of the cell complex. Using a finite set of generators, |D| defines a map from Γto a tropical projective space, and the image can be extended to a tropical curve of degree equal to °(D). The tropical convex hull of the image realizes the linear system |D| as a polyhedral complex. We show that curves for which the canonical divisor is not very ample are hyperelliptic. We also show that the Picard group of a \Q-tropical curve is a direct limit of critical groups of finite graphs converging to the curve.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures
Investigations of S(IV) fluorides and their utility in small molecule syntheses
Creators: name: Thomson, Brodie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Sulfur(IV) fluorides are powerful synthetic reagents typically used in the fluorination of small molecules. Traditional examples, including SF₄ and DAST, were primarily applied in the deoxyfluorinations of alcohols, carbonyls and carboxylic acids. More recent sulfur(IV) fluoride analogues, including thionyl fluoride and XtalFluor-E®, display unique reactivity relative to DAST and SF₄, yet have rarely been applied outside of similar organic transformations. In this thesis, the unique reactivities of thionyl fluoride and XtalFluor-E® were investigated and utilised towards the synthesis of acyl fluorides, sulfonyl fluorides, sulfinyl fluorides, and arylamino-oxetanes. Chapter 2 describes the utilization of thionyl fluoride in a carboxylic acid activation strategy to synthesize acyl fluorides. The desired products were synthesized in high yields (60–99%) under mild conditions and quantified either in solution using ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy or isolated in a column-free protocol. Chapter 3 describes the efforts made in improving the synthesis of sulfonyl fluorides and sulfinyl fluorides. In one transformation, sulfonic acids were derivatized in a DMF-promoted, thionyl fluoride-mediated fluorination, affording sulfonyl fluorides in high yields (80–99%). A complementary strategy utilising XtalFluor-E® accessed the same products in good isolated yields (41–94%), but milder conditions. Thionyl fluoride was also used to transform sulfinic acids to sulfinyl fluorides in a one-pot strategy, accessing sulfinyl fluorides in high crude yields (75–98%) quantified by ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy. This represents the first general method reported towards their synthesis. Chapter 4 describes an expedited route towards the synthesis of arylamino-oxetanes via the XtalFluor-E®-mediated activation of 3-aryloxetan-3-ols. The optimised protocol accessed arylamino-oxetanes under mild conditions and reduced the number of steps required in their syntheses (between 2–6) compared to current literature procedures. This represents the shortest and simplest route towards their synthesis, accessing the desired products in 34–97% isolated yields. Chapter 6 is a distinct chapter in collaboration with Delic Laboratories, UBC and BAT, in which the light-induced degradation of CBD solutions was investigated. CBD-hydroxyquinone was identified to undergo a light-induced photo-isomerisation to form a previously unidentified cannabinoid intermediate. Both experimental and computation studies identified this intermediate reacts rapidly with oxygen to form a multitude of products in solution.
Dietary Electrolytes and their Influences on Plasma Aldosterone Concentration
Creators: name: Ye, Xiaohan
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: Aldosterone
Sodium
Potassium

description: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
description: Excessive sodium retention is thought to be the main culprit for hypertension. The modern American diet provides an excess of sodium and not sufficient amount of sodium. In this research, we examined the relations among urinary sodium and potassium excretion, and plasma levels of aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid hormone that has been linked to incidence hypertension, in a cohort of healthy children and young adults. We found that higher plasma aldosterone level was associated with lower sodium excretion in the urine, in blacks and whites, suggesting that aldosterone plays a critical role in retaining the sodium from dietary sources. The study highlights the importance of dietary sodium restriction.
title: Ð¢ÐµÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ , Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð² Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð°ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ
title: ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ 08.00.13 "ÐÐ°ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÐ¸"
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐµÐ²Ð¸Ð½Ð°, ÐÐ½Ð°ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: ÐÑÐ¾Ð¼ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ
ÐÐ½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸
Ð°ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐ° Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹

description: ÐÐ¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ð¼ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐµÐ¼, Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð»Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ (Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹), ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ Ð°ÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹, Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹. ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ðº Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ´ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÐµÑ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð² ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸, Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶ÐºÐ¸. Ð ÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ, Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ, Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ ÐÐ¢-Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ, Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ° Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ´ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ ÐÐ¢-Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÑ, ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ðº ÑÐ·ÑÐºÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ²Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ, Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ¸ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÐÐ¢-Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð².
title: Simulation, Kriging, and Visualization of Circular-Spatial Data
Creators: name: Morphet, William James
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2009

description: The circular dataimage is defined by displaying direction as the color at the same direction in a color wheel composed of a sequence of two-color gradients with color continuity between gradients. The resulting image of circular-spatial data is continuous with high resolution. Examples include ocean wind direction, Earth's main magnetic field, and rocket nozzle internal combustion flow. The cosineogram is defined as the mean cosine of the angle between random components of direction as a function of distance between observation locations. It expresses the spatial correlation of circular-spatial data. A circular kriging solution is developed based on a model fitted to the cosineogram. A method for simulating circular random fields is given based on a transformation of a Gaussian random field. It is adaptable to any continuous probability distribution. Circular random fields were implemented for selected circular probability distributions. An R software package was created with functions and documentation.
title: Modeling the Evolution of Insect Phenology with Particular Reference to Mountain Pine Beetle
Creators: name: Yurk, Brian P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2009

description: Climate change is likely to disrupt the timing of developmental events (phenology) in insect populations in which development time is largely determined by temperature. Shifting phenology puts insects at risk of being exposed to seasonal weather extremes during sensitive life stages and losing synchrony with biotic resources. Additionally, warming may result in loss of developmental synchronization within a population, making it difficult to find mates or mount mass attacks against well-defended resources at low population densities. It is unknown whether genetic evolution of development time can occur rapidly enough to moderate these effects. The work presented here is largely motivated by the need to understand how mountain pine beetle (MPB) populations will respond to climate change. MPB is an important forest pest from both an economic and ecological perspective, because MPB outbreaks often result in massive timber loss. Recent MPB range expansion and increased outbreak frequency have been linked to warming temperatures. We present a novel approach to modeling the evolution of phenology by allowing the parameters of a phenology model to evolve in response to selection on emergence time and density. We also develop a temperature-dependent phenology model for MPB that accounts for multiple types of developmental variation: variation that persists throughout a life stage, random variation, and variation due to the MPB oviposition mechanism. This model is parameterized using MPB development time data from constant temperature laboratory experiments. We use Laplace's method to approximate steady distributions of the evolution model under stable temperatures. Here the mean phenotype allows for parents and offspring to be oviposited at exactly the same time of year in consecutive generations. These results are verified numerically for both MPB and a two-stage model insect. The evolution model is also applied to investigate the evolution of phenology for MPB and the two-stage model insect under warming temperatures. The model predicts that local populations can only adapt to climate change if development time can adapt so that individuals can complete exactly one generation per year and if the rate of temperature change is moderate.
Microstructure and superconductivity of Ir-doped BaFe2As2 superconductor
Creators: name: Wang, X. L.
name: Shi, H. Y.
name: Yan, X. W.
name: Yuan, Y. C.
name: Lu, Z. -Y.
name: Wang, X. Q.
name: Zhao*, T. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polycrystalline samples with nominal composition of Ba(Fe1-xIrx)2As2 (x=0.10, 0.15, and 0.20) were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electrical resistivity, and magnetization measurements. XRD and SEM results showed that almost single phase samples were obtained. Bulk superconductivity with TC~28 K was observed in the x=0.10 sample. TC~28 K is the highest superconducting critical temperature among the reported data for electron-doped AFe2As2-type (A=Ca, Sr, and Ba) superconductors. The upper critical field Hc2(0) reaches as high as 65 T for the x=0.10 sample. The underlying physics is discussed in connection with Co-doping case.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Applied Physics Letters
title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° ÑÐµÐºÑÑÐ° Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¸Ð·Ð½ÐµÑ-ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ðº Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
title: Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ°Ð»ÐµÐµÐ²ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹, ÐÐ²Ð³ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2017
Subjects: ÐÐ½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ
ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·
ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸ÑÐº
ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð³ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ

description: ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¸Ð·Ð½ÐµÑ-ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ðº Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð°Ð»Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼Ñ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ð½ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° ÑÐµÐºÑÑÐ°. Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ - ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸ÑÐºÐ° Ð±Ð»Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ¼ÑÑÐ»Ñ Ð±Ð¸Ð·Ð½ÐµÑ-ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¸Ð·Ð½ÐµÑ-ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ðº Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ. Ð­ÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð¼Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ´Ð°Ð²Ð°ÐµÐ¼ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð². Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð¸Ð·Ð½ÐµÑ-ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¸Ð¼ Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼.
Electronic transport in ferromagnetic conductors with inhomogeneous magnetic order parameter -- domain-wall resistance
Creators: name: Wickles, Christian
name: Belzig, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We microscopically derive transport equations for the conduction electrons in ferromagnetic materials with an inhomogeneous magnetization profile. Our quantum kinetic approach includes elastic scattering and anisotropic spin-flip scattering at magnetic impurities. In the diffusive limit, we calculate the resistance through a domain wall and find that the domain-wall resistance can be positive or negative. In the limit of long domain walls we derive analytical expressions and compare them with existing works, which used less general models or different theoretical frameworks.
description: 19 Pages
Risk of Lower Extremity Amputation Revision in Patients with Peripheral Vascular Disease Adjusting for a Competing Risk of Death
Creators: name: Severance, Sarah Elizabeth
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: Amputation
Competing Risk
Peripheral Vascular Disease

description: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
description: Objectives: The aims of this study are to estimate the cumulative incidence of lower extremity amputation (LEA) revision and reamputation adjusting for a competing risk of death, estimate the one-year event-free mortality rates for patients with peripheral vascular disease undergoing LEA, and develop predictive models for LEA revision and reamputation adjusting for a competing risk of death. Methods: This was a retrospective review of the prospectively collected Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) registry between 2013 and 2018. Adults undergoing unilateral LEA were included. Demographics, comorbidities, medications, smoking status, history of vascular procedures and revascularization attempts, and procedure urgency were considered. Models to predict LEA revision and reamputation were developed using multivariable regression on the interval-censored competing risks data using semiparametric regression on the cumulative incidence function. Results: The cumulative incidences of LEA revision and revision-free mortality within one year of index amputation are 14.9% and 15.5% respectively. Patient BMI, smoking status, aspirin use, history of revascularization, and level of planned LEA are significantly associated with the odds of LEA revision. Age, amputation urgency, dialysis, and level of planned LEA are associated with the one-year odds of revision-free mortality. A patient receiving an index above knee amputation (AKA) has 61% lower odds of LEA revision (p < 0.0001) but 51% higher odds of revision-free mortality following LEA (p < 0.0001). Previous revascularization procedures increase the odds of revision by 23% (p < 0.0001). The cumulative incidences of reamputation and one-year reamputation-free mortality following LEA are 11.5% and 16.9% respectively. Urgency of the procedure, history of revascularization procedures, and level of planned LEA are statistically associated with the odds of reamputation when adjusting for the competing risk of death. Patients receiving index AKA have 62% lower odds of reamputation (p < 0.0001) compared to BKA. Dialysis is the strongest predictor of one-year mortality (OR 2.576, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Patients with appropriately managed PVD, which still progresses to amputation have higher odds of LEA revision and reamputation. Revision risk can be predicted and compared on the basis of patient factors and the planned index amputation.
title: The Cult of True Motherhood: A Narrative
Creators: name: Mendelkow, Jacoba Lynne
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2009

description: This thesis consists of five chapters including a traditional introduction and four chapters, which investigate cultural interpretations of motherhood within the genre of memoir and personal essay. In the introduction, I discuss my research as it relates to the larger collection and detail how this work is different from other works within the "mother memoir" genre. Chapters II thru V, then, are all essays which begin to explore the major themes of cultural motherhood: ambivalence, loss, legitimacy, morality, and sin. These chapters, especially chapter II, identify and detail the traits of true motherhood as patience, compassion, sacrifice, and strength. Chapter V, as the culminating chapter, places me, as writer, in a different position--as a reader--and I begin to understand my history as a parent and as a writer through these texts. Using literature as an area of personal research and recovery, I reconstruct my past as a child and a parent and begin to understand what it means to be a mother--or at least, to better understand the expectations of those who surround me.
Limitations of Self-Assembly at Temperature One (extended abstract)
Creators: name: Doty, David
name: Patitz, Matthew J.
name: Summers, Scott M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We prove that if a subset X of the integer Cartesian plane weakly self-assembles at temperature 1 in a deterministic (Winfree) tile assembly system satisfying a natural condition known as *pumpability*, then X is a finite union of doubly periodic sets. This shows that only the most simple of infinite shapes and patterns can be constructed using pumpable temperature 1 tile assembly systems, and gives strong evidence for the thesis that temperature 2 or higher is required to carry out general-purpose computation in a tile assembly system. Finally, we show that general-purpose computation is possible at temperature 1 if negative glue strengths are allowed in the tile assembly model.
On the Use of Marker Strategy Design to Detect Predictive Marker Effect in Cancer Immunotherapy
Creators: name: Han, Yan
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: Clinical trial design
Immunotherapy
Personalized medicine
Power calculation
Predictive effect

description: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
description: The marker strategy design (MSGD) has been proposed to assess and validate predictive markers for targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Under this design, patients are randomized into two strategies: the marker-based strategy, which treats patients based on their marker status, and the non-marker-based strategy, which randomizes patients into treatments independent of their marker status in the same way as in a standard randomized clinical trial. The strategy effect is then tested by comparing the response rate between the two strategies and this strategy effect is commonly used to evaluate the predictive capability of the markers. We show that this commonly used between-strategy test is flawed, which may cause investigators to miss the opportunity to discover important predictive markers or falsely claim an irrelevant marker as predictive. Then we propose new procedures to improve the power of the MSGD to detect the predictive marker effect. One is based on a binary response endpoint; the second is based on survival endpoints. We conduct simulation studies to compare the performance of the MSGD with the widely used marker stratified design (MSFD). Numerical studies show that the MSGD and MSFD has comparable performance. Hence, contrary to popular belief that the MSGD is an inferior design compared with the MSFD, we conclude that using the MSGD with the proposed tests is an efficient and ethical way to find predictive markers for targeted therapies.
Survival Analysis for the Association between Anti-hypertensive Medication and Time to Dementia with Competing Risk
Creators: name: Hu, Xinhua Flora
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: Survival Analysis
Competing Risk
Dementia
Death

description: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
description: Background: High blood pressure (HBP) is a common risk factor for dementia in elder population. Anti-hypertensive medications have been reported to associate with lower incidence rate of dementia in elder African Americans. The Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon 4 allele has been shown to be associated with both increased dementia and hypertension risk. However, previous studies had not examined the association between anti-hypertensive medications by ApoE status accounting for the competing risk from death. Methods: This is a prospective observational cohort study in 1236 community-dwelling hypertensive African Americans aged 65 years and older without dementia at baseline, with follow-up cognitive assessment and clinical evaluation for dementia diagnosis. Dementia-free mortality was considered as the competing risk. Of these, 707 participants were genotyped for ApoE status. Anti-hypertensive medication use was obtained from prescription records in the electronic medical records of the Indiana Network for Patient Care (INPC). Cox proportional cause-specific hazard (CSH) regression models were applied to assess the association between anti-hypertensive medication use and CSHs for dementia and death in ApoE epsilon 4 carriers and non-carriers separately. Key results: In ApoE epsilon 4 carriers, participants using anti-hypertensive medications had lower CSH of dementia compared to those not on anti-hypertensive medications before adjusting for blood pressure (BP) (hazard ratio (HR), 0.365; 95% CI, 0.170 – 0.785; p = 0.0099). The HR was no longer significant once BP control was adjusted (HR, 0.784; 95% CI, 0.197 – 3.123; p = 0.7303). Anti-hypertensive medications were not associated with dementia rate in non-carriers. In ApoE epsilon 4 non-carriers, participants on anti-hypertensive treatment showed significantly lower CSH of death compared to those not on mediations adjusting for covariates and BP control (HR, 0.237; 95% CI, 0.149 – 0.375; p < 0.0001). There was no significant association between anti-hypertensive medication use and death in ApoE epsilon 4 carriers. Conclusions: Anti-hypertensive medication was associated with lower dementia rate in ApoE epsilon 4 carriers and that rate was primarily mediated through BP control. In non-carriers, anti-hypertensive medication was significantly associated with lower mortality rate and this association appears to be independent of BP control.
Braided Bundles and Compact Coils: The Structure and Thermodynamics of Hexagonally-Packed, Chiral Filament Assemblies
Creators: name: Grason, Gregory M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular chirality frustrates the two-dimensional assembly of filamentous molecules, a fact that reflects the generic impossibility of imposing a global twisting of layered materials. We explore the consequences of this frustration for hexagonally-ordered assemblies of chiral filaments that are {\it finite} in lateral dimension. Specifically, we employ a continuum-elastic description of cylindrical bundles of filaments, allowing us to consider the most general resistance to and preference for chiral ordering of the assembly. We explore two distinct mechanisms by which chirality at the molecular scale of the filament frustrates the assembly into aggregates. In the first, chiral interactions between filaments impart an overall twisting of filaments around the central axis of the bundle. In the second, we consider filaments that are inherently helical in structure, imparting a writhing geometry to the central axis. For both mechanisms, we find that a thermodynamically-stable state of dispersed bundles of {\it finite} width appears close to, but below, the point of bulk filament condensation. The range of thermodynamic stability of dispersed bundles is sensitive only to the elastic cost and preference for chiral filament packing. The self-limited assembly of chiral filaments has particular implications for a large class of biological molecules -- DNA, filamentous proteins, viruses, bacterial flagella -- which are universally chiral and are observed to form compact bundles under a broad range of conditions.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Testing the Accretion Flow with Plasma Wave Heating Mechanism for Sagittarius a* by the 1.3MM Vlbi Measurements
Creators: name: Huang, Lei
name: Takahashi, Rohta
name: Shen, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vicinity of the supermassive black hole associated with the compact radio source Sagittarius (Sgr) A* is believed to dominate the observed emission at wavelengths near and shorter than $\sim$ 1 millimeter. We show that a general relativistic accretion flow, heated via the plasma wave heating mechanism, is consistent with the polarization and recent mm-VLBI observations of Sgr A* for an inclination angle of $\sim 45^\circ$, position angle of $\sim 140^\circ$, and spin $\lesssim 0.9$. Structure in visibilities produced by the black hole shadow can potentially be observed by 1.3 mm-VLBI on the existing Hawaii-CARMA and Hawaii-SMT baselines. We also consider eight additional potential mm-VLBI stations, including sites in Chile and New Zealand, finding that with these the basic geometry of the emission region can be reliably estimated.
description: ApJ accepted; 21 pages, 8 figures
title: Seasonal Outlook: An Examination of How the Foundations of Attachment to Community Differ between Seasonal and Year-Round Residents in High Amenity Areas
Creators: name: Jennings, Brain M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2009

description: Utah is a popular second-home destination due to its unique landscapes that offer numerous natural amenities. Therefore, this research utilizes a mail survey of residents in six Utah counties to examine if seasonal residents become attached to their local communities in the same way as year-round residents. The objective of this research was two-fold: 1) to determine if the commonly cited dimensions of community attachment are an accurate representation of the concept itself; and 2) to determine if the foundations of community attachment, based on those conceptual dimensions, are different for year-round and seasonal homeowners. Prior research has shown that length of residence is the best predictor of community attachment. Therefore, a measure of length of residence for year-round residents is used, while a proxy measure of frequency of visitation to seasonal homes is used for seasonal residents. In addition to the residency categories, traditional sociodemographics are used as control variables. Structural equation models, which allow for the use of latent variables, are utilized to complete the objectives of this research. In general, levels of attachment were highest for longstanding year-round residents. Additionally, newcomer year-round residents and seasonal residents who visit their secondary communities more often possessed attachment, but at slightly lower levels than year-round longstanding residents. Seasonal residents who visit their seasonal communities less frequently had the lowest levels of community attachment. The multivariate results revealed that a multidimensional conceptualization of community attachment is appropriate. The operationalization of the commonly cited dimensions of community attachment (social bonds, participation and sentiments) used in this research all proved to be important elements of the higher order construct "community attachment" for both year-round and seasonal residents. Finally, the results indicated that the foundations of community attachment are different for seasonal and year-round residents. For year-round residents, community attachment is best predicted by the social bonds dimension, while for seasonal residents the participation dimension is the most important. In all, however, all three of the dimensions of community attachment used herein are important, thereby indicating that any future research on this important topic would be best suited to use a multidimensional conceptualization of community attachment.
Additional file 1 of Speckle-type POZ protein could play a potential inhibitory role in human renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Chen, Zhi
name: Li, Zuan
name: Li, Chunlin
name: Li, Bingcai
name: Wang, Haojian
name: Nong, Deyong
name: Li, Ximing
name: Huang, Guihai
name: Lin, Junhao
name: Li, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Information file.
title: ÐÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸. Ð Ð°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ» Â«ÐÑÐºÑÑÑÑÐ²Ð¾Â»
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ¾Ð³Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ°Ð´ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ð°
name: ÐÐ°ÑÐ°Ð»ÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð°, ÐÐ°ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÑ
name: ÐÐ¾Ð·Ð¸Ð½Ð°, Ð®Ð»Ð¸Ñ
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2022
Subjects: ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ°
Ð¸ÑÐºÑÑÑÑÐ²Ð¾
ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð²ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ð¼ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ñ Â«ÐÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸Â» â Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐ°, Ð¶Ð¸Ð²Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÑ, ÑÐºÑÐ»ÑÐ¿ÑÑÑÐ°, Ð´ÐµÐºÐ¾ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¸ÑÐºÑÑÑÑÐ²Ð¾, Ð¼ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð´Ñ. ÐÐ±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ ÐºÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐµ ÐÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÐµÑ ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð² ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ°Ð¿Ð°Ñ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÑÐ¸, Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¹Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¹, Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð³ÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³ÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð°ÑÑÑÐ²Ð°, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¶Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð¸ Â«Ð³ÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐ°Â» Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð² Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸. Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½ÑÐµ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð·Ð°ÐºÑÐµÐ¿Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¹Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ÑÑ ÑÐ»ÑÐ¶Ð¸ÑÑ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð°ÑÐ´Ð¸ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð½ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹, ÑÐ°Ðº Ð¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð². ÐÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ (ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸) Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Â«ÐÐ°ÑÑÐ±ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ: Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÂ» Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ð¸ Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð¾Ð¹ Â«ÐÐ²ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÐµÐ¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ: ÐÐµÑÐ¼Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÂ».
title: Design and Evaluation of Oligonucleotide Microarrays for the Detection of Bovine Pathogens
Creators: name: Black, Ryan Weldon
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2009

description: Two microarray designs were developed and produced to screen for multiple bovine pathogens commonly found in the cattle industry today. The first microarray was designed, built, and processed in-house using conventional material and equipment and targeted Pasteurella multocida, Manheimia haemolytica, Histophilus somni, and Arcanobacterium pyogenes. For each pathogen, 12 perfect-match oligonucleotide probes, which were also designed in-house, targeted different sections of the respective 16S ribosomal genes, and were coupled with 12 corresponding mismatched probes for background. These arrays were able to produce distinct hybridization patterns for each pathogen that were easily visible without the need for computer analysis. However, the need for PCR amplification of the 16S gene prior to hybridization motivated us to explore more efficient array options. The second designed microarray, a custom Affymetrix GeneChip, targeted Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella dublin in addition to the previously mentioned pathogens and was more successful in overall performance than the "in-house" arrays. In addition to the 16S gene, oligonucleotide probes targeted other genes (from 2 to >4500, depending on whether the genome was sequenced) that were unique to each pathogen. This array also differed from the "in-house" arrays in that mismatched probes were not designed. The different probe sets performed at different detection limits as P. multocida, A. pyogenes, S. typhimurium, and S. dublin were detected with as little as 250ng of hybridized genomic DNA (gDNA), while M. haemolytica, H. somni, and E. coli required as much as 1μg gDNA. These pathogens were also spiked into bovine tissue to simulate multiorgan infections in which they were individually detected with the microarray design.
title: Vigousse / réd. en chef Barrigue ; réd. en chef adjoints: Laurent Flutsch & Patrick Nordmann
title: le petit satirique romand
titleType: Subtitle
title: Vigousse / réd. en chef Barrigue ; réd. en chef adjoints: Laurent Flutsch & Patrick Nordmann
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Vigousse
Publisher: name: Vigousse
Year: 2009

description: Nos des 2 derniers mois pas disponibles en pdf.
The Parameter-Level Performance of Covariance Matrix Conditioning in Cosmic Microwave Background Data Analyses
Creators: name: Balkenhol, L.
name: Reichardt, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Empirical estimates of the band power covariance matrix are commonly used in cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum analyses. While this approach easily captures correlations in the data, noise in the resulting covariance estimate can systematically bias the parameter fitting. Conditioning the estimated covariance matrix, by applying prior information on the shape of the eigenvectors, can reduce these biases and ensure the recovery of robust parameter constraints. In this work, we use simulations to benchmark the performance of four different conditioning schemes, motivated by contemporary CMB analyses. The simulated surveys measure the $TT$, $TE$, and $EE$ power spectra over the angular multipole range $300 \le \ell \le 3500$ in $Δ\ell = 50$ wide bins, for temperature map-noise levels of $10, 6.4$ and $2\,μ$K-arcmin. We divide the survey data into $N_{\mathrm{real}} = 30, 50,$ or 100 uniform subsets. We show the results of different conditioning schemes on the errors in the covariance estimate, and how these uncertainties on the covariance matrix propagate to the best-fit parameters and parameter uncertainties. The most significant effect we find is an additional scatter in the best-fit point, beyond what is expected from the data likelihood. For a minimal conditioning strategy, $N_{\mathrm{real}} = 30$, and a temperature map-noise level of 10$\,μ$K-arcmin, we find the uncertainty on the recovered best fit parameter to be $\times 1.3$ larger than the apparent posterior width from the likelihood ($\times 1.2$ larger than the uncertainty when the true covariance is used). Stronger priors on the covariance matrix reduce the misestimation of parameter uncertainties to $<1\%$. As expected, empirical estimates perform better with higher $N_{\mathrm{real}}$, ameliorating the adverse effects on parameter constraints.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, submitted to MNRAS