cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sum rule analysis of vector and axial-vector spectral functions with excited states in vacuum
Creators: name: Hohler, Paul M.
name: Rapp, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simultaneously analyze vector and axial-vector spectral functions in vacuum using hadronic models constrained by experimental data and the requirement that Weinberg-type sum rules are satisfied. Upon explicit inclusion of an excited vector state, viz. rho', and the requirement that the perturbative continua are degenerate in vector and axial-vector channels, we deduce the existence of an excited axial-vector resonance state, a1', in order that the Weinberg sum rules are satisfied. The resulting spectral functions are further tested with QCD sum rules.
description: 11 pages (corrected typos and made paper agree with published version)
Assessing the Health Science Information Needs of Unaffiliated Health Professionals and Using Training on Openly-Available Search Tools and Resources to Provide Solutions
Creators: name: Matsoukas, Konstantina
name: Koehn, Michael D.
name: Hauser, Diane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Library science

description: An institute for Family health located in Manhattan, the Bronx, and the Mid-Hudson Valley. It operates 15 full-time and 9 part-time health centers as well as employ ~66 physicians, NPs, social workers, health educators, and nursing staff. The aims of this project is to determine the medical literature and training needs of IFH personnel, develop generic licensing agreements and develop reference and education services for the IFH staff. IFH services serves of 72,000 patients and provides 225,000 patient visits annually. They also provide care regardless of ability to pay.
Empirically Evaluating an Adaptable Spoken Dialogue System Diane J. Litman
Creators: name: Litman, Diane J.
name: Pan, Shimei
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Recent technological advances have made it possible to build real-time, interactive spoken dialogue systems for a wide variety of applications. However, when users do not respect the limitations of such systems, performance typically degrades. Although users differ with respect to their knowledge of system limitations, and although different dialogue strategies make system limitations more apparent to users, most current systems do not try to improve performance by adapting dialogue behavior to individual users. This paper presents an empirical evaluation of TOOT, an adaptable spoken dialogue system for retrieving train schedules on the web. We conduct an experiment in which 20 users carry out 4 tasks with both adaptable and non-adaptable versions of TOOT, resulting in a corpus of 80 dialogues. The values for a wide range of evaluation measures are then extracted from this corpus. Our results show that adaptable TOOT generally outperforms non-adaptable TOOT, and that the utility of adaptation depends on TOOT's initial dialogue strategies.
Theory of the quantum-dot Mollow triplet in an exciton-driven semiconductor cavity
Creators: name: Roy, C.
name: Hughes, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive theoretical study of the resonance fluorescence spectra of an exciton-driven quantum dot (QD) placed inside a high-$Q$ semiconductor cavity and interacting with an acoustic phonon bath. We derive a quantum master equation (ME) in the polaron frame which includes exciton-phonon and exciton-cavity coupling to all orders. This work details and extends the theory used in a recent issue of {\em Physical Review Letters} (C. Roy and S. Hughes 2011: Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 106} 247403) to describe the QD Mollow triplet in the regime of semiconductor cavity-QED. Here we introduce two ME forms, Nakajima-Zwanzig (NZ) and time-convolutionless (TC), both to second order in the system--phonon-reservoir perturbation. In the polaron frame, these two ME forms are shown to yield equivalent population dynamics and fluorescence spectra for a continuous wave (cw) driving field. We also demonstrate that a Markov approximation is valid for computing the incoherent scattering processes and we subsequently exploit the Markovian TC ME to explore the resonance fluorescence spectra of an exciton-driven QD. Both cavity-emitted and exciton-emitted spectra are studied and these are found to have qualitatively different spectral features. Using a coherent driving field, the well known characteristics of the atomic Mollow triplet are shown to be considerably modified with electron--acoustic-phonon scattering and we highlight the key effects arising from both cavity coupling and electron-phonon coupling. Regimes of pronounced cavity feeding and anharmonic cavity-QED are exemplified, and we find that the cavity coupling depends sensitively on the exciton-cavity detuning and the temperature of the phonon bath. We show how the full width at half maximum (linewidth) of the Mollow triplet sidebands varies as a function of the square of the Rabi frequency of the cw pump.
Itsy bitsy topological field theory
Creators: name: Mathews, Daniel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 57R56, 57R58, 57M50

description: We construct an elementary, combinatorial kind of topological quantum field theory, based on curves, surfaces, and orientations. The construction derives from contact invariants in sutured Floer homology and is essentially an elaboration of a TQFT defined by Honda--Kazez--Matic. This topological field theory stores information in binary format on a surface and has "digital" creation and annihilation operators, giving a toy-model embodiment of "it from bit".
description: 54 pages, 35 figures. Minor edits, extra figures added
Resting-State Functional Connectivity Differences in Pediatric Migraine
Creators: name: Khaira, Akashroop
name: Bell, Tiffany
name: Noel, Melanie
name: Amoozegar, Farnaz
name: Harris, Ashley D.
Publisher: name: Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: Pediatric Migraines

description: Pediatric migraines are highly prevalent but not well-understood. Neuroimaging can provide great insight to brain physiology, but few studies have applied imaging to study pediatric migraines. Previous adult literature has shown differences in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in migraine patients compared to controls; however, adult migraine findings may not be directly transferable to children. This study’s aim was to investigate rsFC differences between children with migraine and controls to better understand pediatric migraines. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) data from 26 participants (10 controls and 16 migraines), between the ages of 7-16 years. Data was preprocessed and analyzed using FSL. An independent component analysis constrained to 30 components was used to identify resting-state networks across all subjects. Group average spatial maps were regressed into each subject’s dataset for a time course, which was then regressed into the subject-specific spatial maps. Permutation testing compared rsFC differences in the groups while controlling for age. Initial analysis indicated significant rsFC differences (p < 0.05) in two networks. In the frontoparietal network, there is decreased rsFC in the right motor cortex in the migraine group compared to controls. In the hippocampal/amygdala network, there is decreased rsFC in migraine patients in the right amygdala and right hippocampus. The frontoparietal and hippocampal/amygdala networks are relevant to migraine with roles in pain perception and processing, learning, emotion, and memory. Detecting differences in these networks in children with migraine compared to controls shows that even between migraines, there is intrinsically altered rsFC in pediatric migraine patients.
The effects of hyperglycemia on vascular responses in individuals with obesity
Creators: name: Newton, Janna
name: Soares, Rogério Nogueira
name: Murias, Juan M.
Publisher: name: Human Performance Lab
Year: 2019

description: Objective: To evaluate the acute effects of hyperglycemia on the vasculature of lean and obese individuals. Methods: Nine normal-weight (BMI 18.1 to 24.9 kg/m2) and nine individuals with obesity (BMI 30.0 to 39.9 kg/m2) underwent five vascular occlusion tests (VOT) at baseline, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after ingesting 75 g of glucose diluted in 296 mL of water for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was determined as the percent change in brachial artery diameter from baseline (mean of the 1 min diameter recordings prior cuff release) to peak in brachial artery diameter recorded during the 3 min reperfusion period. Results: Brachial %FMD was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced at 60 min (7.98 ± 4.33 %) after glucose ingestion when compared to pre (10.9 ± 3.99 %) in the obese group. Lean individuals showed no reduction in %FMD during hyperglycemia Conclusion: Hyperglycemia caused detrimental effects on brachial artery function at 60 min after glucose ingestion.
A Joint Phrasal and Dependency Model for Paraphrase Alignment
Creators: name: Martin, Scott
name: White, Michael
name: Thadani, Kapil
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Computer science

description: Monolingual alignment is frequently required for natural language tasks that involve similar or comparable sentences. We present a new model for monolingual alignment in which the score of an alignment decomposes over both the set of aligned phrases as well as a set of aligned dependency arcs. Optimal alignments under this scoring function are decoded using integer linear programming while model parameters are learned using standard structured prediction approaches. We evaluate our joint aligner on the Edinburgh paraphrase corpus and show significant gains over a Meteor baseline and a state-of-the-art phrase-based aligner.
Play and crime in L'Immoraliste and Les Caves du Vatican by André Gide
Creators: name: Rowswell, Kathryn Joan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: For this Master’s thesis, the initial problematic asks how André Gide reconciles the concepts of ethics and authenticity in two of his early twentieth century works: L’Immoraliste (1902) and Les Caves du Vatican (1914). In a letter dated the 6th of June 1911, Gide wrote to his friend Jean Schlumberger “Si quelque jour je peux raconter ce passage quasi insensible du jeu au crime, ce sera mon plus beau livre.” Play and crime are recurring themes in Gide’s works and serve a role that on a thematic and structural plane are both ethical and aesthetic. In addition to this ethico-aesthetic interaction, the idea of a passage quasi insensible constitutes an important aspect of my argument. This passage between game and crime represents an act of ethical transgression implicit in the aesthetic construction of the work of art. Returning to my initial problematic, Michel (L’Immoraliste) and Lafcadio (Les Caves du Vatican) attempt to cultivate a play-mood representative of the endeavor to cultivate one’s être authentique in the face of the dominating social ethic. In short, Lafcadio and Michel believe themselves capable of affirming their true selves simply by transgressing this socio-ethic. This desire to transgress the collective ethic results in a state of impasse experienced by the protagonists at the end of each text. There is a discursive structure implicit in the two texts: the ethical space regulated by what Michel Foucault terms the “juridico-discursive” model of power and the ludic space governed by the desire to affirm one’s authentic self. These two spheres overlap to create a third space – that of transgression or crime. It is precisely this trangressive passage from the play sphere towards that of collective ethics that constitutes this passage quasi insensible that Gide mentions in his correspondence and what in this thesis is termed a poetics of transgression.
Visualizing three-dimensional vortex shedding through evolution surface clusters
Creators: name: Ferrari, Simon
name: Hu, Yaoping
name: Morton, Chris R.
name: Martinuzzi, Robert John
Publisher: name: Electrical and Computer Engineering
Year: 2019
Subjects: flow visualization
spatiotemporal ensembles
vortex shedding
pattern recognition

description: Turbulent vortex shedding in the wake of a bluff body often contains cycle-to-cycle variations in the shape, trajectory, and intensity of vortices. Existing flow visualization techniques cannot effectively present these variations and, consequently, their influence on the aerodynamics to the user. This paper explores a new flow visualization approach to represent quasi-periodic vortex shedding over multiple shedding cycles concurrently. This approach uses a reduced-dimension representation of spatiotemporal vortex progression (called evolution surfaces) and ensemble visualization techniques (clustering). The resulting visualization can be used to identify topological changes in the behavior and strengths of coherent structures (i.e. vortices) in unsteady flows. This approach is applied in two case studies of bluff body wakes with Reynolds Numbers Re = 1200 (Hemmati et al. 2016c) and Re = 300 (Morton et al. 2018). In prior work, classification of these wakes’ dynamics was based on energy fluctuation and shedding topology. However, these techniques are not well suited for representing characteristic changes between shedding regimes. In the present work, it has been shown that evolution surface clusters help to identify topological changes characterizing cycle-to-cycle variations in vortex behavior, while reducing visual clutter. The results indicate that evolution surface clusters are a promising visualization tool for comparative analysis of unsteady vortex dynamics in turbulent wakes.
Phrase-level System Combination for Machine Translation Based on
Target-to-Target Decoding
Creators: name: Ma, Wei-Yun
name: McKeown, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: In this paper, we propose a novel lattice-based MT combination methodology that we call Target-to-Target Decoding (TTD).  The combination process is carried out as a “translation” from backbone to the combination result. This perspective suggests the use of existing phrase-based MT techniques in the combination framework. We show how phrase extraction rules and confidence estimations inspired from machine translation improve results. We also propose system-specific LMs for estimating N-gram consensus. Our results show that our approach yields a strong improvement over the best single MT system and competes with other state-of-the-art combination systems.
Evaluation of DEFINDER: A System to Mine Definitions from Consumer-oriented Medical Text
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Muresan, Smaranda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: In this paper we present DEFINDER, a rule-based system that mines cons umer-oriented full text articles in order to extract definitions and the terms they define. This research is part of Digital Library Project at Columbia University, entitled PERSIVAL (PErsonalized Retrieval and Summarization of Image, Video and Language resources). One goal of the project is to present information to patients in language they can understand. A key component of this stage is to provide accurate and readable lay definitions for technical terms, which may be present in articles of intermediate complexity. The focus of this short paper is on quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the DEFINDER system. Our basis for comparison was definitions from Unified Medical Language System (UMLS), On-line Medical Dictionary (OMD) and Glossary of Popular and Technical Medical Terms (GPTMT). Quantitative evaluations show that DEFINDER obtained 87% precision and 75% recall and reveal the incompleteness of existing resources and the ability of DEFINDER to address gaps. Qualitative evaluation shows that the definitions extracted by our system are ranked higher in terms of user-based criteria of usability and readability than definitions from on-line specialized dictionaries. Thus the output of DEFINDER can be used to enhance existing specialized dictionaries, and also as a key feature in summarizing technical articles for non-specialist users.
Exploring Attitudes Towards The Power Threat Meaning Framework and Its Utility
Creators: name: Whetter, Dale
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Systematic literature review A systematic literature review was conducted to explore the impact of a ‘bipolar disorder’ (BD) diagnosis on identity. Twenty papers representing 299 participants were identified and synthesised via thematic synthesis. The results indicated that participants’ identities were often negatively impacted following BD diagnosis, largely stemming from impositions of biomedical conceptualisations of distress and the associated stigma from societal discourses around BD. The impacts of BD on identity were both profound and varied. The results further question the appropriateness of medicalised conceptualisations of distress and highlight the need for clinicians to hold a range of conceptualisations in mind, and meaningfully explore these to co-construct preferred narratives. Empirical research project Given the polarised and heated debates about the Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF) and its utility, a Q-methodological study was undertaken with the aim of systematically exploring the nuanced perspectives on the Framework. Forty people with an interest in mental health sorted 58 statements to communicate their viewpoints regarding the utility of the PTMF. Four attitudes were identified: ‘An important development’ reflected the view of the Framework as a viable alternative to psychiatric diagnoses. ‘A possible adjunct to diagnoses’ positioned the Framework as having some uses, as well as significant limitations, meaning it could be used alongside diagnoses. The attitude represented by ‘Adds little to practice’ considered the Framework to offer little beyond existing models. ‘Flawed attack on psychiatry’ depicted the viewpoint that the Framework is an unnecessary and flawed attack on psychiatry. The factors convey a range of viewpoints towards the PTMF and its utility, highlighting key areas of difference and some commonality. All viewpoints expressed a desire for better communication between those with different perspectives on the Framework to support its development.
Bring's Curve: its Period Matrix and the Vector of Riemann Constants
Creators: name: Braden, Harry W.
name: Northover, Timothy P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bring's curve is the genus 4 Riemann surface with automorphism group of maximal size, $S_5$. Riera and Rodríguez have provided the most detailed study of the curve thus far via a hyperbolic model. We will recover and extend their results via an algebraic model based on a sextic curve given by both Hulek and Craig and implicit in work of Ramanujan. In particular we recover their period matrix; further, the vector of Riemann constants will be identified.
AC loss in ReBCO pancake coils and stacks of them: modelling and measurement
Creators: name: Pardo, E.
name: Souc, J.
name: Kovac, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many applications of ReBCO coated conductors contain stacks of pancake coils. In order to reduce their high AC loss, it is necessary to understand the loss mechanisms. In this article, we measure and simulate the AC loss and the critical current, I_c, in stacks of pancake coils ("pancakes"). We construct stacks of up to 4 pancakes and we measure them by electrical means. We also obtain the anisotropic field dependence of J_c from I_c measurements of the tape. This J_c is the only input to the simulations, together with the coil dimensions. After validating our computations with the measurements, we simulate stacks of many pancakes, up to 32. We found that the AC loss in a stack of (four) pancakes is very high, two orders of magnitude larger than for a single tape. A double pancake behaves as a single one with double width but a stack of more pancakes is very different. Finally, we found that a 2-strand Roebel cable reduces the AC loss in a stack of pancakes but not in a single pancake. In conclusion, the AC loss in stacks of pancakes is too high. However, our simulations are useful to predict the AC loss and optimise the coil design, reducing the AC loss.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures. All figures are modified; figures 3, 7 and 10 are new. Text thoroughly revised and extended
Tackling the Internet Glossary Glut: Automatic Extraction and Evaluation of Genus Phrases
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Popper, Samuel
name: Passonneau, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: This paper addresses the problem of developing methods to be used in the identification and extraction of meaningful semantic components from large online glossaries. We present two sets of results. First, we report on the algorithm, ParseGloss, which was used to analyze definitions, and extract the main concept, or genus phrase. We ran the system on over 12,000 online glossary entries. Second, we present a method to evaluate our results, using human judgments on a collection of definitions from six different sources. This paper discusses our approach to the evaluation process, since the creation of a standard for evaluation is in itself a contribution to the field. The methods we have developed have required addressing the significant challenges of abstracting a single gold standard from multiple naive, human judgments on a highly subjective task. Once the method for creating the standard was developed, we then established the gold standard data. We report on our performance in running ParseGloss over this controlled collection of definitions. Our first set of results presents precision and recall on system performance. Our second results are presented in terms of techniques for determining agreement between human subjects. Success in the ParseGloss algorithm will contribute to the automatic creation of ontologies.
Study of the thermal abelian monopoles with proper gauge fixing
Creators: name: Bornyakov, V. G.
name: Braguta, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the thermal abelian monopoles are studied in the deconfinement phase of the SU(2) gluodynamics. To remove effects of Gribov copies the simulated annealing algorithm is applied to fix the maximally abelian gauge. Computing the density of the thermal abelian monopoles in the temperature range between 1.5T_c and 6.9T_c we show, by comparison with earlier results, that the Gribov copies effects might be as high as 20% making proper gauge fixing mandatory. We find that in the infinite temperature limit the monopole density converges to its value in 3-dimensional theory. To study the interaction between monopoles we calculate the monopole-monopole and monopole-antimonopole correlators at different temperatures in the region (1.5T_c, 6.9T_c). Using the result of this study we determine the screening mass, monopole-monopole coupling constant, monopole size and monopole mass. In addition we check the continuum limit of our results.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
An Exploration of Parental Identity and Parents’ Experiences of Parenting a Child with an Intellectual Disability
Creators: name: Dudley-Hicks, Duncan
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Systematic literature review A thematic synthesis was undertaken to explore how parents construct their parental identity in response to their child receiving a diagnosis of an intellectual disability. Five databases were systematically searched, and fifteen studies were selected for review. Three analytic themes were generated: Normalcy-Abnormalcy, where parents internalise, or resist dominant discourses that position their parenthood outside the ‘norm’; Solely Responsible, where restricted support and sociocultural expectations caused parents identities to become enmeshed with their parental roles; Dis/abled Parent, where sociocultural expectations and their beliefs caused parents to define themselves as ‘competent’ or ‘incompetent’. These findings suggest there is a clinical need for a conceptual shift in how professionals and services understand and discuss disability and understand how ableist discourses marginalise parents and impact their identity. Empirical research project The Power Threat Meaning Framework (PTMF) has not been used with parents of children with an intellectual disability. Parents are often marginalised by neoliberalableist discourses that restrict their access to support and pathologise their distress. The study used the PTMF to explore parents’ experiences of supporting their child with an ID. Six parents participated in multiple semi-structured interviews. Eighteen interviews were analysed using a Template Analysis. The top-level themes reflected the five interrelated domains of the PTMF; Power, what has happened to parents; Threat, or threats to parents’ core needs; Meaning, or parents’ understandings of their experiences; threat responses, the ways parents respond; Strengths and power resources, or the access parents have to resources that help them survive. This highlighted the need for services to move away from the medicalisation of parents suffering, but it is an understandable response to what is happening in their lives.
Machine-Readable Dictionaries in Text-to-Speech Systems
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Tzoukermann, Evelyne
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: This paper presents the results of an experiment using machine-readable dictionaries (MRDs) and corpora for building concatenative units for text to speech (TTS) systems. Theoretical questions concerning the nature of phonemic data in dictionaries are raised; phonemic dictionary data is viewed as a representative corpus over which to extract n- gram phonemic frequencies in the language. Dictionary data are compared to corpus data, and phoneme inventories are evaluated for coverage. A methodology is defined to compute phonemic n-grams for incorporation into a TTS system.
Practical Issues in Automatic Documentation Generation
Creators: name: Kukich, Karen
name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Shaw, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: PLANDoc, a system under joint development by Columbia and Bellcore, documents the activity of planning engineers as they study telephone routes. It takes as input a trace of the engineer's interaction with a network planning tool and produces 1--2 page summary. In this paper, we describe the user needs analysis we performed and how it influenced the development of PLANDoc. In particular, we show how it pinpointed the need for a sublanguage specification, allowing us to identify input messages and to characterize the different sentence paraphrases for realizing them. We focus on the systematic use of conjunction in combination with paraphrase that we developed for PLANDoc, which allows for the generation of summaries that are both concise-avoiding repetition of similar information, and fluent-avoiding repetition of similar phrasing.
Adoption of Electric Trucks in Freight Transportation
Creators: name: Alp, Osman
name: Tan, Tarkan
name: Udenio, Maximiliano
Publisher: name: Haskayne School of Business
Year: 2019
Subjects: Sustainability
Transportation
Investment Decisions
Electric Vehicles

description: Transportation sector is the largest contributor of global greenhouse gas emissions in the USA. Disruptive technological changes in this sector, such as alternative fuel vehicles, are crucial for emission reduction. We analyze how a cost-minimizing strategic transition plan can be developed for a transportation firm that aims to adopt electric trucks in their fully diesel fleet, over time. We consider the case in which the firm needs to invest in charging infrastructure required to support this transition, as the public charging infrastructure is currently inadequate. The congestion effect at the charging stations, the charging times, and the potential loss of productive driving time due to detours to reach charging stations are explicitly considered. By developing an independence property, we are able to model this problem as a linear integer program without any need to explicitly specify origins and destinations. We illustrate the resulting transition plan with a realistic data set. Our results indicate that a transportation firm that operates with high demand density over a given service region significantly benefits from adoption of electric trucks, while also enjoying substantial carbon emissions savings. High demand density also favors smaller battery capacity with shorter ranges under the optimized charging network capacity, even though larger battery capacity would increase productivity with extended ranges. Our analysis also offers insights for governments and regulators regarding the impact of several influential factors such as carbon cost, content of renewable energy in electricity mix, diesel engine efficiency, and subsidizing the charging infrastructure.
An Investigation into the Character of Pre-Explosion Core-Collapse Supernova Shock Motion
Creators: name: Burrows, Adam
name: Dolence, Joshua C.
name: Murphy, Jeremiah W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of the stalled supernova shock in both 2D and 3D and explore the differences in the effects of neutrino heating and the standing accretion shock instability (SASI). We find that early on the amplitude of the dipolar mode of the shock is factors of 2 to 3 smaller in 3D than in 2D. However, later in both 3D and 2D the monopole and dipole modes start to grow until explosion. Whereas in 2D the (l,m) = (1,0) mode changes sign quasi-periodically, producing the "up-and-down" motion always seen in modern 2D simulations, in 3D this almost never happens. Rather, in 3D when the dipolar mode starts to grow, it grows in magnitude and wanders stochastically in direction until settling before explosion to a particular patch of solid angle. In 2D we find that the amplitude of the dipolar shock deformation separates into two classes. For the first, identified with the SASI and for a wide range of "low" neutrino luminosities, this amplitude remains small and roughly constant. For the other, identified with higher luminosities and neutrino-driven convection, the dipolar amplitude grows sharply. Importantly, it is only for this higher luminosity class that we see neutrino-driven explosions within ~1 second of bounce. Moreover, for the "low" luminosity runs, the power spectra of these dipolar oscillations peak in the 30-50 Hz range associated with advection timescales, while for the high-luminosity runs the power spectra at lower frequencies are significantly more prominent. We associate this enhanced power at lower frequencies with slower convective effects and the secular growth of the dipolar shock amplitude. On the basis of our study, we hypothesize that neutrino-driven buoyant convection should almost always dominate the SASI when the supernova explosion is neutrino-driven.
description: Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal; updated with additional figures and analysis
User-Needs Analysis and Design Methodology for an Automated Documentation Generator
Creators: name: Kukich, Karen
name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Shaw, James
name: Robin, Jacques
name: Lim, J.
name: Morgan, N.
name: Phillips, J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: Telephone network planning engineers routinely study feeder routes within the telephone network in order to create and refine network capacity expansion (relief) plans. In doing so they make use of a powerful software tool called LEIS-PLAN™. We are developing an extension to PLAN called PLANDoc that will automatically generate natural language narratives documenting the engineers ’ use of PLAN. In this paper, we present the user-needs analysis and design methodology we have used in developing the PLANDoc system. We describe our interviews with various end users to determine if such a system would be desirable and what design factors would make it useful. We show how we model the system on a set of iteratively-revised human-generated narratives. The model narratives determine the function and architecture of the documentation system, and they inform the development of the system components.
Decolonising Museum Notions of Authenticity in the Sarawak Museum: The Lepo’ Tau Kenyah, Kayan, and Berawan paintings
Creators: name: Macul, Louise M.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis explores museum notions of authenticity by examining the collection of traditional paintings by Lepo’ Tau Kenyah, Kayan and Berawan people of the Sarawak Museum (Malaysian Borneo). The research aims to understand on what basis the authenticity of ethnographic objects has been determined over time and how that applies to the paintings. It looks at how museum practices such as collecting, “salvage ethnography” and the concept of “primitive art” rely upon colonial perceptions of indigenous and native cultures for determining authenticity, value and meaning. Contrary to these colonial notions, it uses the biographies of the paintings to determine what I call layers of authenticity, thus validating their value and meaning. Methodological approaches in this qualitative research include grounded theory, literature review and narrative inquiry. A literature review of the broader context of ethnographic museum practices over time was conducted. Narrative inquiry and archival review were the basis of the creation of the paintings’ biographies. The grounded theory approach enabled the concept of layers of authenticity to emerge not a priori but through the process of exploring and examining the cultural, historical and curatorial aspects of the paintings. Colonial notions of authenticity and value in museums based on Euro-American standards and criteria can be detrimental to the care, management, interpretation and appreciation of objects. The authenticity and value of ethnographic material, such as the paintings, are discovered through origin community engagement and serious biographical work that includes looking at curatorial motivations and historical considerations in the museum context. These inclusive practices would serve as a decolonising process of evaluating authenticity, value, and meaning. The implications of considering layers of authenticity are not limited to the paintings of the Sarawak Museum and could extend outside the field of museum studies.
Validierung des Kurzscreenings GeriNOT zur Identifikation von geriatrischen Risikopotentialen in der stationären Krankenhausversorgung anhand patientenrelevanter Outcomes : eine bizentrische diagnostische Studie
Creators: name: Feist, Beate
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Die rechtzeitige Identifizierung geriatrischer Risikopotentiale setzt Kenntnis vordefinierter altersspezifischer und individuell feststellbarer Limitationen und Ausprägungen mit Einfluss auf unerwünschte Ergebnisse in der akut und elektiv initiierten stationären Krankenhausversorgung voraus. Das Testinstrument GeriNOT wird anhand prozessproduzierter Routinedaten in 2.541 Fällen auf seinen Prädiktionsgehalt und seine diagnostische Güte bei Personen ab 70 Jahren geprüft. Die Prädiktionskraft wird bei einem für die diagnostische Praxis empfohlenen Cut-Off-Wert von ≥ 4 Punkten in den Endpunkten Verschlechterung der Lebensqualität (AUC=0,693, 95%-KI=[0,663; 0,723] Sens. 75,2%, Spez. 59,7%); Komplikationen (AUC=0,662, 95%-KI=[0,636; 0,688] Sens. 64,2%, Spez. 61,6%); Tod (AUC=0,734, 95%-KI=[0,682; 0,786] Sens. 76,4%, Spez. 57,5%) berichtet. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass GeriNOT für die prognostische Vorhersage unerwünschter Ergebnisse bei älteren Personen geeignet sein kann.
description: The timely identification of potential geriatric risk assumes the detailed knowledge of predefined age-specific and individually observable limitations and manifestations which lead to undesirable outcomes in acute and elective hospital inpatient care. The predictive content and diagnostic quality of the GeriNOT test instrument, using process generated routine data, is assessed in 2541 cases of persons aged seventy or older. The predictive ability is reported apparent by applying the recommended end-point cut-off value of ≥ 4 points of the deterioration of Quality of Life (AUC=0,693, 95%-CI=[0,663; 0,723] Sens. 75,2%, Spec. 59,7%); Complications (AUC=0,662, 95%-CI=[0,636; 0,688] Sens. 64,2%, Spec. 61,6%); Death (AUC=0,734, 95%-CI=[0,682; 0,786] Sens. 76,4%, Spec. 57,5%). This suggests the particular suitability of GeriNOT in predicting adverse outcomes in older individuals.
Exact time evolution of space- and time-dependent correlation functions after an interaction quench in the 1D Bose gas
Creators: name: Mossel, Jorn
name: Caux, Jean-Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the non-equilibrium dynamics of the interacting Lieb-Liniger gas after instantaneously switching the interactions off. The subsequent time evolution of the space- and time-dependent correlation functions is computed exactly. Different relaxation behavior is observed for different correlation functions. The long time average is compared with the predictions of several statistical ensembles. The generalized Gibbs ensemble restricted to a fixed number of particles is shown to give correct results at large times for all length scales.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Reading the Markets: Forecasting Public Opinion of Political Candidates by News Analysis
Creators: name: Lerman, Kevin
name: Gilder, Ari
name: Dredze, Mark
name: Pereira, Fernando
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: Media reporting shapes public opinion which can in turn inﬂuence events, particularly in political elections, in which candidates both respond to and shape public perception of their campaigns. We use
computational linguistics to automatically predict the impact of news on public perception of political candidates. Our system uses daily newspaper articles to predict shifts in public opinion as reﬂected in prediction markets. We discuss various types of features designed for this problem. The news system improves market prediction over baseline market systems.
Embedding Open Science practice into Data Science Training
Creators: name: Shanahan, Hugh
name: Bezuidenhout, Louise
name: Alfaro Córdoba, Marcela
name: Hodson, Simon
name: Jones, Sarah
name: Onime, Clement
name: Quick, Rob
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data Science, Training, Education, LMIC, ECR, Ethics

description: Contemporary research – particularly when addressing the most significant, transdisciplinary research challenges – cannot effectively be done without a range of skills relating to data. This includes the principles and practice of Open Science and research data management and curation, the use of a range of data platforms and infrastructures, large scale analysis, statistics, visualisation and modelling techniques, software development and annotation.

A Task Group has been set up to address the critical need for skills around data science, research data management, and open science practice by pulling together existing and emerging initiatives and resources into a sustainably run, globally applicable foundational programme in Research Data Science, particularly for Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs).

The approach for this is to run a series of Schools which typically run for two weeks that provide a foundation in the wide range of topics described above to Early Career Researchers (ECR’s), with a focus on supporting those from LMIC’s.

Since August 2016 these schools have run in a variety of locations, namely Trieste, Italy; Sao Paulo, Brazil; Brisbane, Australia and Kigali, Rwanda. We have delivered the curriculum to approximately 250 students from over 30 countries in a wide variety of disciplines (e.g. Bioinformatics, Earth, Atmospheric and Climate Sciences, Economics and Physics).

The school covers a wide variety of technical topics such as Programming, Machine Learning and Cloud Computing but also spends a significant amount of time on more social areas such as Research Data Management and Authorship in the 21st century.

Open Science in particular is delivered in a way that is both implicit and explicit. Implicit in terms of the teaching of topics that enable Open Science, such as sharing tools such as Git, the use of Persistent Identifiers and the management of data in general, and explicit in terms of running specific module on Open Science. This module, however, does not take a didactic “you must do Open Science” approach as many ECR’s are often isolated and without support of such approaches. The module is based on asking the students to reflect on aspects of Open Science, particularly from an ethical standpoint and hence to enable these students to approach Open Science in a more robust fashion, determining what practices they can adopt and the benefits they will gain. This ethical approach is amplified by the use of exercises throughout the school which relate this ethical aspect of Open Science with the specific module being taught. The impact of this approach has been exemplified by the comments on how useful the Open Science aspects have been to them and have spreading the practices in their home institutions.
CoLoR: a Coq library on well-founded rewrite relations and its application to the automated verification of termination certificates
Creators: name: Blanqui, Frédéric
name: Koprowski, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Termination is an important property of programs; notably required for programs formulated in proof assistants. It is a very active subject of research in the Turing-complete formalism of term rewriting systems, where many methods and tools have been developed over the years to address this problem. Ensuring reliability of those tools is therefore an important issue. In this paper we present a library formalizing important results of the theory of well-founded (rewrite) relations in the proof assistant Coq. We also present its application to the automated verification of termination certificates, as produced by termination tools.
title: Προσεγγιστική ανάλυση γραμμών παραγωγής με διάσπαση σε τμήματα τριών μηχανών με εκθετικούς χρόνους παραγωγής
Creators: name: Παππα Αναστασια
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η ανάπτυξη μιας προσεγγιστικής μεθόδου εκτίμησης της παραγωγικότητας και άλλων μέτρων απόδοσης για γραμμές παραγωγής με n μηχανές και n-1 ενδιάμεσες αποθήκες με πεπερασμένες χωρητικότητες. Για λόγους αναλυτικής ευκολίας γίνεται η υπόθεση ότι οι χρόνοι παραγωγής σε κάθε μηχανή έχουν εκθετική κατανομή. Η μέθοδος βασίζεται στη διάσπαση (decomposition) της γραμμής τμήματα τριών μηχανών με δύο ενδιάμεσες αποθήκες. Για μία γραμμή n μηχανών, τέτοια τμήματα είναι: 1|2|3, 2|3|4, ..., n-2|n-1|n. Κάθε τμήμα περιγράφεται ως αλυσίδα Markov και αναλύεται ξεχωριστά από τα άλλα. Η "επανασύνδεση" των τμημάτων στην αρχική γραμμή γίνεται με μαθηματικούς τύπους που περιγράφουν την αρχή διατήρησης της ύλης. Η μέθοδος υλοποιείται σε περιβάλλον Matlab. Η ακρίβεια και οι υπολογιστικές απαιτήσεις της μεθόδου συγκρίνονται με εκείνες ενός μοντέλου προσομοίωσης το οποίο αναπτύσσεται με το λογισμικό Simio.
Factors influencing adult gonad production and larval growth and survival of the purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
Creators: name: Azad, Md. Abul Kalam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The continued demand for sea-urchin gonads and overexploitation of natural stocks in many countries have stimulated interest in the aquaculture of various sea-urchin species. The overall aim of this thesis was to develop rearing protocols for larval and adult purple sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus). The specific objectives of this thesis were to determine: (1) the effect of temperature and diet on adult gonad production and (2) the effect of temperature, microalgal diet, ration, and stocking density on embryonic/larval growth and survival. To test these objectives I measured ingestion rate, gravimetric absorption, assimilation efficiency, and various gonad attributes (i.e. wet weight, water content, gonad index, texture, firmness, colour, flavour, and maturity stage) in the experiments using adult sea urchins and developmental progression from egg to prism stage, embryo length, larval length, larval mid-line body length, larval body width, larval post-oral arm length, time to reach metamorphic competency, and survival rate in the embryo/larval experiments. Adult purple sea urchins produced the highest quality gonads at 12°C when fed a prepared diet developed specifically for urchin gonad production by the Norwegian Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture. Embryos and larvae showed more normal development and had significantly higher percent survival when reared at 11 and 14°C than at 8 and 17°C with best growth and survival occurring at stocking densities ≤100 ind ml⁻¹ of eggs/embryos and ≤1.0 ind ml⁻¹ of larvae. The single-species algal diet of Dunaliella tertiolecta and the bi-species diet of D. tertiolecta and Isochrysis sp. supported the highest larval growth and percent survival of all phytoplankton diets evaluated. Larvae fed an increasing diet ration (i.e. 2,500–10,000 cells ml⁻¹, according to developmental stage) of a mixed-species algal diet (D. tertiolecta and Isochrysis sp.) generally had significantly better growth and survival than any fixed rations (i.e. same ration throughout development) evaluated. Overall, the results from this study suggest that S. purpuratus could be an excellent potential candidate species for aquaculture development.