cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ductal Ngn3-expressing progenitors contribute to adult β cell neogenesis in the pancreas
Creators: name: Gribben, Christopher
name: Lambert, Christopher
name: Messal, Hendrik A
name: Hubber, Ella-Louise
name: Rackham, Chloe
name: Evans, Ian
name: Heimberg, Harry
name: Jones, Peter
name: Sancho, Rocio
name: Behrens, Axel
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Model organisms
Tumour Biology
Gene Expression
Genetics & Genomics
Genome Integrity & Repair
Stem Cells

description: Ductal cells have been proposed as a source of adult β cell neogenesis, but this has remained controversial. By combining lineage tracing, 3D imaging, and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approaches, we show that ductal cells contribute to the β cell population over time. Lineage tracing using the Neurogenin3 (Ngn3)-CreERT line identified ductal cells expressing the endocrine master transcription factor Ngn3 that were positive for the δ cell marker somatostatin and occasionally co-expressed insulin. The number of hormone-expressing ductal cells was increased in Akita+/- diabetic mice, and ngn3 heterozygosity accelerated diabetes onset. scRNA-seq of Ngn3 lineage-traced islet cells indicated that duct-derived somatostatin-expressing cells, some of which retained expression of ductal markers, gave rise to β cells. This study identified Ngn3-expressing ductal cells as a source of adult β cell neogenesis in homeostasis and diabetes, suggesting that this mechanism, in addition to β cell proliferation, maintains the adult islet β cell population.
Effect of connecting wires on the decoherence due to electron-electron interaction in a metallic ring
Creators: name: Texier, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the weak localization in a ring connected to reservoirs through leads of finite length and submitted to a magnetic field. The effect of decoherence due to electron-electron interaction on the harmonics of AAS oscillations is studied, and more specifically the effect of the leads. Two results are obtained for short and long leads regimes. The scale at which the crossover occurs is discussed. The long leads regime is shown to be more realistic experimentally.
description: LaTeX, 4 pages, 4 eps figures
The equivariant analytic index for proper groupoid actions
Creators: name: Paterson, Alan L. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19K35

description: The paper constructs the analytic index for an elliptic pseudodifferential family of $L^{m}_{ρ,\de}$-operators invariant under the proper action of a continuous family groupoid on a $G$-compact, $C^{\infty,0}$ $G$-space.
Renormalization Group and Asymptotic Spin--Charge separation for Chiral Luttinger liquids
Creators: name: Falco, P.
name: Mastropietro, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of Spin-Charge separation in non-Fermi liquids is well understood only in certain solvable d=1 fermionic systems. In this paper we furnish the first example of asymptotic Spin-Charge separation in a d=1 non solvable model. This goal is achieved using Renormalization Group approach combined with Ward-Identities and Schwinger-Dyson equations, corrected by the presence of a bandwidth cut-offs. Such methods, contrary to bosonization, could be in principle applied also to lattice or higher dimensional systems.
description: 45 pages, 11 figures
On-Shell Methods in Perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: Dixon, Lance J.
name: Kosower, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review on-shell methods for computing multi-parton scattering amplitudes in perturbative QCD, utilizing their unitarity and factorization properties. We focus on aspects which are useful for the construction of one-loop amplitudes needed for phenomenological studies at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 49 pages, 15 figures. v2: minor typos corrected
final conference file.pdf
Creators: name: Sargolzaie, Ali
name: Ghasemi, Sahar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Economics

description: The growing threat of global warming and climate change has been a major concern since the 1990s. Since greenhouse gas emissions are mainly due to the combustion of fossil fuels, energy production and consumption are at the heart of the climate change debate. In addition, the fossil fuels used to produce goods are a source of environmental degradation and endanger human health. Today's societies are turning to renewable energy sources that do not pollute the air and are freely available in nature. In this paper, considering the importance of renewable energy sources and its effect on CO2 emissions, the long-term relationship between renewable and non?renewable energy consumption on CO2 emissions in Asian countries in the period 1965-2019 has been discussed. The results show that the consumption of non-renewable energy increases carbon dioxide emissions and the consumption of renewable energy leads to a reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. The Kuznets hypothesis was also confirmed, and economic growth leads to an increase in carbon dioxide emissions and the square of economic growth leads to a decrease. Also, the rate of urbanization causes the emission of carbon dioxide emissions and foreign direct investment leads to its reduction.
Anderson Localization of Bogolyubov Quasiparticles in Interacting Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Lugan, Pierre
name: Clément, David
name: Bouyer, Philippe
name: Aspect, Alain
name: Sanchez-Palencia, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Anderson localization of Bogolyubov quasiparticles in an interacting Bose-Einstein condensate (with healing length ξ) subjected to a random potential (with finite correlation length σ_R). We derive analytically the Lyapunov exponent as a function of the quasiparticle momentum k and we study the localization maximum k_{max}. For 1D speckle potentials, we find that k_{max} is proportional to 1/ξwhen ξis much larger than σ_R while k_{max} is proportional to 1/σ_R when ξis much smaller than σ_R, and that the localization is strongest when ξis of the order of σ_R. Numerical calculations support our analysis and our estimates indicate that the localization of the Bogolyubov quasiparticles is accessible in current experiments with ultracold atoms.
description: published version (no significant changes compared to last version)
The analytic index for proper, Lie groupoid actions
Creators: name: Paterson, Alan L. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many index theorems (both classical and in noncommutative geometry) can be interpreted in terms of a Lie groupoid acting properly on a manifold and leaving an elliptic family of pseudodifferential operators invariant. Alain Connes in his book raised the question of an index theorem in this general context. In this paper, an analytic index for many such situations is constructed. The approach is inspired by the classical families theorem of Atiyah and Singer, and the proof generalizes, to the case of proper Lie groupoid actions, some of the results proved for proper locally compact group actions by N. C. Phillips.
Spectroscopic analysis of two peculiar emission line stars: RJHA 49 and SS73 21
Creators: name: Pereira, C. B.
name: Marcolino, W. L. F.
name: Machado, M.
name: de Araujo, F. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: To investigate the spectra and the evolutionary stages of two peculiar emission-line stars: RJHA 49 and SS73 21. Methods: We used low and high resolution optical data. Line identifications and measurements were performed for several features in their spectra. Results: For each object, we have derived the extinction and the excitation temperature from a set of [Fe II] lines, and the electron density from [N II] lines. For RJHA 49, no detailed spectroscopic study was done so far. Regarding SS73 21, our low resolution spectrum have confirmed the main characteristics found in previous works. On the other side, from our high resolution data, we have found that the Halpha line presents a double-peak, in contrast with the suggestion in the literature that it should reveal a P-Cygni profile. Surprisingly, we found a few He I transitions resembling P-Cygni profiles (e.g. He I 5876), directly suggesting that mass loss is active in SS73 21. We also discussed the nature of these two objects based on the data obtained. Although the evolutionary status of SS73 21 seems well established from previous studies (a proto-planetary nebula), the situation for RJHA 49 is not so clear mainly due to its unknown distance. However, from the strength of [N II] 5754 relative to [O I] 6300, the possibility of RJHA 49 being a LBV object is reduced, and a B[e]-supergiant or a proto-planetary nebula status is more plausible.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
The Fourier algebra for locally compact groupoids
Creators: name: Paterson, Alan L. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A32

description: We introduce and investigate using Hilbert modules the properties of the {\em Fourier algebra} $A(G)$ for a locally compact groupoid $G$. We establish a duality theorem for such groupoids in terms of multiplicative module maps. This includes as a special case the classical duality theorem for locally compact groups proved by P. Eymard.
title: Hidden voices: the influence of the inclusion of visually impaired pupils on the teaching and learning of others
Creators: name: Martin, Clare
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2021

description: Amidst the complexity of research in the areas of inclusion and special educational needs (SEN) there is a widely held view that what is good practice for SEN pupils is beneficial for all learners. However, there is little empirical evidence relating to the influence of addressing the inclusion of SEN pupils on the teaching and learning of others. This thesis contributes evidence to address this gap in understanding through a focus on a specific SEN, visual impairment (VI), where there are no studies yet found on the influence of strategies designed for a VI pupil on the learning and experiences of others. VI is an under-reported, sometimes unrecognised, condition and one which can affect learning when present even in a mild form. Therefore, although school and teacher experience of pupils with VI as an identified need can be minimal, greater awareness of VI is desirable. The research takes a case study approach to allow for a depth of understanding and to promote ecological validity and transferability of findings. Data were gathered from three schools, two primary and one secondary, across a September-January period. Initial and endof-study surveys were undertaken with teaching (n=13) and support staff (n=7) who would be working with a VIP pupil for the first time. Classroom observations and end-of-study interviews were then undertaken with teachers in Key Stage 2 (n=2) and Key Stage 3 (n=5). The research has identified triggers for changes to teaching and learning activities and to teachers’ working practices. It considers issues of teacher acceptance and response to drivers of change in order to determine not only whether addressing VI inclusion brings changes that are both sustained and sustainable but also whether it promotes any changes in teachers’ conceptualisations of SEN and inclusion. The research provides empirical evidence to support schools in inclusive curricula and pedagogical decision-making and to support discussions in the literature as to the desirability and effectiveness of inclusive educational policies more broadly.
Continuous family groupoids
Creators: name: Paterson, Alan L. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we define and investigate the properties of continuous family groupoids. This class of groupoids is necessary for investigating the groupoid index theory arising from the equivariant Atiyah-Singer index theorem for families, and is also required in noncommutative geometry. The class includes that of Lie groupoids, and the paper shows that, like Lie groupoids, continuous family groupoids always admit (an essentially unique) continuous left Haar system of smooth measures. We also show that the action of a continuous family groupoid $G$ on a continuous family $G$-space fibered over another continuous family $G$-space $Y$ can always be regarded as an action of the continuous family groupoid $G*Y$ on an ordinary $G*Y$-space.
Spectral separation of the stochastic gravitational-wave background for LISA in the context of a modulated Galactic foreground
Creators: name: Boileau, Guillaume
name: Lamberts, Astrid
name: Christensen, Nelson
name: Cornish, Neil J.
name: Meyer, Renate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within its observational band the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, LISA, will simultaneously observe orbital modulated waveforms from Galactic white dwarf binaries, a binary black hole produced gravitational-wave background, and potentially a cosmologically created stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB). The overwhelming majority of stars end their lives as white dwarfs, making them very numerous in the Milky Way. We simulate Galactic white dwarf binary gravitational-wave emission based on distributions from various mock catalogs and determine a complex waveform from the Galactic foreground with $3.5 \times 10^{7}$ binaries. We describe the effects from the Galactic binary distribution population across mass, position within the Galaxy, core type, and orbital frequency distribution. We generate the modulated Galactic white dwarf signal detected by \textit{LISA} due to its orbital motion, and present a data analysis strategy to address it. The Fisher Information and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods give an estimation of the \textit{LISA} noise and the parameters for the different signal classes. We estimate the detectable limits for the future LISA observation of the SGWB in the spectral domain with the 3 \textit{LISA} channels $A$, $E$, and $T$. We simultaneously estimate the Galactic foreground, the astrophysical and cosmological backgrounds. Assuming the expected astrophysical background and a Galactic foreground, a cosmological background energy density of around $Ω_{GW,Cosmo} \approx 8 \times 10^{-13}$ could be detected by LISA. LISA will either detect a cosmologically produced SGWB, or set a limit that will have important consequences.
Toward Real-Time Digital Twins of EM Environments: Computational Benchmark of Ray Launching Software
Creators: name: Zhu, Michele
name: Cazzella, Lorenzo
name: Linsalata, Francesco
name: Magarini, Maurizio
name: Matteucci, Matteo
name: Spagnolini, Umberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Digital Twin has emerged as a promising paradigm for accurately representing wireless communication electromagnetic environments. The resulting virtual representation of reality facilitates comprehensive insights into the propagation environment, empowering multi-layer decision-making processes at the physical communication level. This paper investigates the impact of ray-based model simulation within real-time Digital Twins. A benchmark for ray-based propagation simulations is presented to evaluate computational time, considering two urban scenarios characterized by different mesh complexity, single and multiple wireless link configurations, and simulations with/without diffuse scattering. Exhaustive empirical analyses are performed showing the behavior of different ray-based solutions. By offering standardized simulations and scenarios, this work provides a technical benchmark for practitioners involved in the implementation of real-time Digital Twins and optimization of ray-based propagation models.
description: This work as been published in IEEE Open Journal of Communication Society, we strongly advice to refer to the official version from IEEE. Source code and reference scenarios are available in https://github.com/Michele-Zhu/ray-launching-benchmark
Deliverable 3.1 First Round Call Documents
Creators: name: Reid, Alasdair
name: Neve, Christine
name: Schofield, Brook
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Privacy and Trust Enhancing Technologies
Human Centric Internet

description: The report compiles the first round call documents as published on 1 February 2019 via the NGI TRUST wiki (https://wiki.geant.org/display/NGITrust/1st+Open+Call+NGI_TRUST) and the NGI4ALL web pages (https://www.ngi.eu/about/ngi-trust/)
Search for a resonance decaying to a W boson and a photon in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV using leptonic W boson decays
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a new charged particle X with mass between 0.3 and 2.0 TeV decaying to a W boson and a photon is presented, using proton-proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. Particle X has electric charge $\pm$ 1 and is assumed to have spin 0. The search is performed using the electron and muon decays of the W boson. No significant excess above the predicted background is observed. The upper limit at 95% confidence level on the product of the production cross section of the X and its branching fraction to a W boson and a photon is found to be 94 (137) fb for a 0.3 TeV resonance and 0.75 (0.81) fb for a 2.0 TeV resonance, for an X width-to-mass ratio of 0.01% (5%). This search presents the most stringent constraints to date on the existence of such resonances across the probed mass range. A statistical combination with an earlier study based on the hadronic decay mode of the W boson is also performed, and the upper limit at 95% confidence level for a 2.0 TeV resonance is reduced to 0.50 (0.63) fb for an X width-to-mass ratio of 0.01% (5%).
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-21-017 (CMS Public Pages)
An empirical isochrone archive for nearby open clusters
Creators: name: Rottensteiner, Alena
name: Meingast, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ages of star clusters and co-moving stellar groups contain essential information about the Milky Way. Their special properties make them excellent tracers of galactic structure and key components to unlocking its star formation history. Yet, even though the importance of stellar population ages has been widely recognized, their determination remains a challenging task often associated with highly model-dependent and uncertain results. We propose a new approach to this problem, which relies on empirical isochrones of known clusters extracted from high-quality observational data. These purely observation-based data products open up the possibility of relative age determination, free of stellar evolution model assumptions. For the derivation of the empirical isochrones, we used a combination of the statistical analysis tool principal component analysis for preprocessing and the supervised machine learning method support vector regression for curve extraction. To improve the statistical reliability of our result, we defined the empirical isochrone of a color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of a cluster as the median calculated from a set of bootstrapped curves. We provide empirical isochrones in all Gaia DR2 and DR3 color combinations for 83 nearby clusters, paving the way for a relative comparison between individual stellar populations based on an age-scaling ladder of empirical isochrones of known clusters. Due to the precision of the available observational data, we report accurate lower main sequence empirical isochrones for many clusters in our sample, which are of special interest as this region is known to be especially complex to model. We validate our results by comparing the extracted empirical isochrones to cluster ages in the literature. We also investigate the added information that empirical isochrones covering the lower main sequence can provide on two case studies.
description: 35 pages, 26 figures
International research project "Whole blood metagenome and small intestine permeability at psoriasis and health".
Creators: name: Peslyak, Mikhail
name: Korotky, Nikolay
name: Potekaev, Nikolay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: bacterial DNA
bacterial products
bioinformatics
small intestine microbiome
metagenome
model of pathogenesis
neutrophils
non-host DNA
PAMP-nemia
phagocytes
psoriagenic bacteria
psoriasis
sequencing
small intestine permeability
systemic psoriatic process

description: Creative Commons License CC-BY-NC-ND.

 This is a pitch (short description) of future international proposal.
 Main objective of the project is confirmation of the main hypotheses of new systemic model of psoriasis pathogenesis. Metagenomes of whole blood of psoriatic patients and control group will be defined and studied. Concentration of nhDNA (nonhost DNA) for separate species and total by subgroups will be determined, macromolecular small intestine permeability is defined by the new bacDNA-test, their correlations with psoriasis severity are studied.

 We are looking for partners for the joint implementation of this international project.
Strategies for Pretraining Neural Operators
Creators: name: Zhou, Anthony
name: Lorsung, Cooper
name: Hemmasian, AmirPouya
name: Farimani, Amir Barati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pretraining for partial differential equation (PDE) modeling has recently shown promise in scaling neural operators across datasets to improve generalizability and performance. Despite these advances, our understanding of how pretraining affects neural operators is still limited; studies generally propose tailored architectures and datasets that make it challenging to compare or examine different pretraining frameworks. To address this, we compare various pretraining methods without optimizing architecture choices to characterize pretraining dynamics on different models and datasets as well as to understand its scaling and generalization behavior. We find that pretraining is highly dependent on model and dataset choices, but in general transfer learning or physics-based pretraining strategies work best. In addition, pretraining performance can be further improved by using data augmentations. Lastly, pretraining can be additionally beneficial when fine-tuning in scarce data regimes or when generalizing to downstream data similar to the pretraining distribution. Through providing insights into pretraining neural operators for physics prediction, we hope to motivate future work in developing and evaluating pretraining methods for PDEs.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures
FPGA-based Distributed Union-Find Decoder for Surface Codes
Creators: name: Liyanage, Namitha
name: Wu, Yue
name: Tagare, Siona
name: Zhong, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fault-tolerant quantum computer must decode and correct errors faster than they appear to prevent exponential slowdown due to error correction. The Union-Find (UF) decoder is promising with an average time complexity slightly higher than $O(d^3)$. We report a distributed version of the UF decoder that exploits parallel computing resources for further speedup. Using an FPGA-based implementation, we empirically show that this distributed UF decoder has a sublinear average time complexity with regard to $d$, given $O(d^3)$ parallel computing resources. The decoding time per measurement round decreases as $d$ increases, the first time for a quantum error decoder. The implementation employs a scalable architecture called Helios that organizes parallel computing resources into a hybrid tree-grid structure. Using a Xilinx VCU129 FPGA, we successfully implement $d$ up to 21 with an average decoding time of 11.5 ns per measurement round under 0.1\% phenomenological noise, and 23.7 ns for $d=17$ under equivalent circuit-level noise. This performance is significantly faster than any existing decoder implementation. Furthermore, we show that Helios can optimize for resource efficiency by decoding $d=51$ on a Xilinx VCU129 FPGA with an average latency of 544ns per measurement round.
description: The article extends the work in arXiv:2301.08419, which also appeared in https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10313800
Infrastructure consolidation
Creators: name: Burdelski, P.
name: Dragoni, F.
name: Grau, S.
name: Guillaume, J-C.
name: Jaillet, D.
name: Mcilwraith, S.
name: Polenghi, M.
name: Sanchez, E.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs
Year: 2021

description: Constructed in 1963, Building 157 is 113 m long and 43 m wide at ground level. The roof is 21.8 m high at the central point above a skylight running longitudinally down its centre; it has a slope of 20% running down to the longitudinal façade summits at 15.6 m. The roof is 47.4 m wide as the longitudinal façades include wings protruding 2.2 m from a height of 7.5 m to the summits, running the entire length of the building. The longitudinal façades are made up of a variety of materials (masonry, wood agglomerate, fibro-cement, and glass). The end walls are made of reinforced concrete (Northwest wall) or wood agglomerate (Southeast wall). The East Hall is now 55 years old and many facets of the building envelope are in an unacceptable state. There are dilapidated and unsafe materials forming and falling from the envelope of the building. The uninsulated envelope does not conform to current building energy-management requirements, resulting in disproportional thermal losses and hence financial losses due to heating requirements. The envelope renovation project has two principal objectives with a number of specific objectives. – ‘To improve the safety and comfort in the building by replacing the existing envelope’. • Removing the dilapidate asbestos-containing ceiling panels. • Removing existing poorly fixed, single-glazed windows with asbestos containing joints. • Removing existing uninsulated fibro-cement façade panels. • Eradicating the water infiltrations coming from the roof. – To ensure a synergy with the consolidation of the façade of the attached Building 156. As such, the entire envelope was studied in an attempt to create a safe environment, optimizing energy savings, responding to modern building codes, and respect an aesthetic liaison with Building 156.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, Vol. 4 (2021): CERN Proton Synchrotron East Area Facility: Upgrades and renovation during Long Shutdown 2
Beamline – main components
Creators: name: Carlsen, B.
name: Carvalho, F.
name: De Jesus, V.
name: De La Gama, J.
name: Ebn Rahmoun, A.
name: Froeschl, R.
name: Gourber-Pace, M.
name: Grenier Boley, E.
name: Lopez, R.
name: Mompo, R.
name: Papastergiou, K.
name: Romagnoli, G.
name: Tan, J.
name: Wilhelm, L.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs
Year: 2021

description: The East Area renovation will cover the refurbishment of the East Hall with its beamlines and infrastructures. A re-design of the beamlines is included to improve the magnet situation, the radiation situation, and maintainability in general. Thanks to a cycled powering mode of the magnets instead of a steady state one, considerable energy savings will be possible. Therefore, several magnet families have to be re-designed to be in accordance with the purposes of the project. The new East Area magnet system consists of 12 different designs with a total of 58 magnets among which 15 are bending magnets, 31 are quadrupoles, and 12 are correctors. In the Proton Synchrotron (PS) area (Building 352), the primary area (Building 157), and the line T08 (Building 157), the magnets will be cycled every 2.4 s. This concerns the lines F61, F62, part of F63, and T08. The other lines, T09, T10, and T11, will be cycled with a period of 4.8 s. Cycling the magnets is an important constraint for the construction of the magnetic parts (yokes). In addition, the coils have to be adapted to match the power supply specifications. The magnets have to be laminated to avoid eddy currents and large delays between the magnetic field and the current application. All laminated magnets currently used and needed in the new in the East Area layout will be refurbished, this concerns four families (or 22 units). The new magnets will be manufactured by industry according to CERN’s design. Another constraint is the magnet overall size limitations. As the layout was fixed at the beginning of the project, all new large magnet designs had to have the same length and width as the present ones. This complicates the designs, as laminated yokes need a larger mechanical structure around the yoke to maintain the laminations. The total lengths and widths have been discussed with the integration team and after few iterations a solution was found and the final designs approved.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, Vol. 4 (2021): CERN Proton Synchrotron East Area Facility: Upgrades and renovation during Long Shutdown 2
Design of the East Area facility after renovation
Creators: name: Bernhard, J.
name: Dogru, G.
name: Evrard, S.
name: Froeschl, R.
name: Harrouch, E.
name: Lazzaroni, M.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs
Year: 2021

description: The PS primary proton beam is slowly extracted at 24 GeV/c towards the East Area with the help of the third- order resonance technique over a typical spill length of 350 to 450 ns within 2.4 s cycles. The number of East Area extractions is usually around five to six per overall PS super-cycle of typically 40 s and depends on both users and schedule constraints, respectively. After passing both magnetic septa SMH57 and SMH61 in the PS, the beam enters the F61 transfer line that transports the beam either to the so-called North Targets via the lines F62 and F63 or towards T08, which serves the irradiation facilities IRRAD and CHARM. During operation of primary ion beams, only these irradiation facilities can be operated. The principle of extraction by third-order resonance and the corresponding optical elements inside the PS, such as the magnetic septa, will be kept unchanged for the new East Area operation. Thus, only a replacement of the existing magnets by laminated versions with slight optimization of the optics was chosen as the renovation baseline for F61 with changes in the layout mostly due to integration constraints and considerations for improved radiation protection. In particular, all the main horizontal bends have been replaced by reliable and robust MCB magnets, which are available with sufficient spares and can be operated in pulsed mode. The splitting option, although more efficient for operation, was dropped in 2005 for technical reasons that were hard to overcome in a reliable manner. For further details on the recent operational history of F61 and the original ideas of the renovated East Area beams.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, Vol. 4 (2021): CERN Proton Synchrotron East Area Facility: Upgrades and renovation during Long Shutdown 2
Tychonoff's theorem for locally compact space and an elementary approach to the topology of path spaces
Creators: name: Paterson, Alan L. T.
name: Welch, Amy E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The path spaces of a directed graph play an important role in the study of graph $\css$. These are topological spaces that were originally constructed using groupoid and inverse semigroup techniques. In this paper, we develop a simple, purely topological, approach to this construction, based on Tychonoff's theorem. In fact, the approach is shown to work even for higher dimensional graphs satisfying the finitely aligned condition, and we construct the groupoid of the graph. Motivated by these path space results, we prove a Tychonoff theorem for an infinite, countable product of locally compact spaces. The main idea is to include certain finite products of the spaces along with the infinite product. We show that the topology is, in a reasonable sense, a pointwise topology.
East Area renovation
Creators: name: Bernhard, J.
name: Evrard, S.
name: Gatignon, L.
name: Harrouch, E.
name: Wilkens, H.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs
Year: 2021

description: This chapter gives a general description of the East Area before and after Long Shutdown 2 (LS2).
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, Vol. 4 (2021): CERN Proton Synchrotron East Area Facility: Upgrades and renovation during Long Shutdown 2
Solutions for certain classes of Riccati differential equation
Creators: name: Saad, Nasser
name: Hall, Richard L
name: Ciftci, Hakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive some analytic closed-form solutions for a class of Riccati equation y'(x)-λ_0(x)y(x)\pm y^2(x)=\pm s_0(x), where λ_0(x), s_0(x) are C^{\infty}-functions. We show that if δ_n=λ_n s_{n-1}-λ_{n-1}s_n=0, where λ_{n}= λ_{n-1}^\prime+s_{n-1}+λ_0λ_{n-1} and s_{n}=s_{n-1}^\prime+s_0λ_{k-1}, n=1,2,..., then The Riccati equation has a solution given by y(x)=\mp s_{n-1}(x)/λ_{n-1}(x). Extension to the generalized Riccati equation y'(x)+P(x)y(x)+Q(x)y^2(x)=R(x) is also investigated.
description: 10 pages
Introduction, scope, and schedule
Creators: name: Bernhard, J.
name: Evrard, S.
name: Harrouch, E.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs
Year: 2021

description: The East Area of the CERN Proton Synchrotron has served the physics community for over 50 years and remains extremely popular and necessary, among other things, to complete full calibration over a large energy spectrum of the detectors to be installed in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments according to the needs of the upgrade for the High Luminosity LHC. In addition, physics programs like CLOUD, and test facilities such as IRRAD and CHARM are based on a reliable and easily maintainable East Area. This report summarizes the various detailed studies completed from 2016 to 2019.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, Vol. 4 (2021): CERN Proton Synchrotron East Area Facility: Upgrades and renovation during Long Shutdown 2
OB03125 - OB03125 Galle Trilingual Slab
Creators: name: Senarath Paranavitana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: [caption id="attachment_6763" align="alignnone" width="348"] Galle (Sri Lanka). Stele of Zheng He (鄭和) with trilingual inscription. Colombo, National Museum.[/caption]
Measurement of the tau- --> K- pi0 nu_tau Branching Fraction
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the tau- --> K- pi0 nu_tau branching fraction has been made using 230.2 fb-1 of data recorded by the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e+ e- collider, located at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), at a center of mass energy sqrt{s} close to 10.58 GeV. We measure BF(tau- --> K- pi0 nu_tau) = (0.416 +/- 0.003 (stat) +/- 0.018 (syst)) %.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, submitted to PRD-RC
Deliverable 3.2 NGI Trust Tailored Software Interdisciplinary Development Assistance (DEM)
Creators: name: Schunck, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Interdisciplinary Development Assistance
Human Centric Internet

description: The deliverable presents the "NGI Trust Tailored Software Interdisciplinary Development Assistance" available to sub-grantee projects and NGI trust coaches. The goal is to support software developers in the implementation of successful security and privacy solutions by combining different aspects of usability, socio-economics and IT security and privacy via an online tool. The online tool was made available via the NGI Trust web portal.
title:  Une autre façon de faire de la science ? Déconstruire l’« amélioration du vivant »
Creators: name: Flocco, Gaëtan
name: Guyonvarch  , Mélanie
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: Cette réflexion vise à sonder les présupposés sociologiques, théoriques et politiques de l’interdisciplinarité, en prenant le cas des sciences dites ‘dures’. Elle porte sur un domaine scientifique qui est apparu il y a une quinzaine d’années en France, la biologie de synthèse ou biologie synthétique. Il s’agit d’un domaine d’activité interdisciplinaire, qui combine la biologie, l’informatique, la génétique mais aussi la chimie et la microélectronique. Son objectif est non seulement de produire de la connaissance sur le vivant, mais de le construire, de toutes pièces, en créant des fonctionnalités nouvelles, qui n’existent pas dans la nature. À rebours d’une vision qui consiste à minimiser l’impact de cette technoscience, que peut apporter une analyse sociologique de la biologie de synthèse ? Autrement dit, que révèlent ces pratiques scientifiques et que produisent-elles, au sens de production d’innovations, mais aussi de ce que cela produit en termes d’effets sur la société ?
description: Interculture : contributions, réseaux, spécificités des contextes francophones
title: Justice in Climate-Induced Migration and Displacement
Creators: name: Draper, Jamie
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2020

description: This thesis sets out a theory of justice in climate-induced migration and displacement. The impacts of climate change are reshaping patterns of migration and displacement around the world. Extreme weatherevents destroy homes, environmental degradation undercuts the viability of livelihoods, sea-level rise and coastal erosion force communities to relocate, and risks to food and resource security magnify the sources of political instability. The anthropogenic nature of climate change raises questions about our responsibilities towards those affected by climate-induced migration and displacement, and about the institutions we need to discharge those responsibilities. This thesis responds to these questions by critically examining the institutions that structure our response to climate-induced migration and displacement and by articulating an account of the duties that we owe to those affected by it. The account that I set out, which I call the ecological approach, conceives of a just response to climate-induced migration and displacement as consisting in a network of institutions and practices for governing different forms of climate-induced migration and displacement, united by a principle of cost-sharing at the international level. Chapter I introduces the phenomenon of climate-induced migration, surveying the empirical and normative literatures on the topic. Chapter II sets out the methodological approach that I take, which I call the interpretive approach. Chapter III argues against a prominent approach to climate-induced displacement, which I call the unitary approach. Chapters IV, V and VI examine three different domains in which climate-induced migration and displacement arises: climate change adaptation, the refugee regime, and the governance of internal displacement. Chapter VII examines how the costs of tackling climate-induced migration and displacement should be shared between states. Chapter VIII concludes by reviewing the overall argument, reflecting on its limitations and posing some questions for future research.
The Equivariant cohomology theory of twisted generalized complex manifolds
Creators: name: Lin, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C15, 53C80, 53D20, 57R91

description: It has been shown recently by Kapustin and Tomasiello that the mathematical notion of Hamiltonian actions on twisted generalized Kähler manifolds is in perfect agreement with the physical notion of general $(2,2)$ gauged sigma models with three-form fluxes. In this article, we study the twisted equivariant cohomology theory of Hamiltonian actions on $H$-twisted generalized complex manifolds. If the manifold satisfies the $\bar{\partial}\partial$-lemma, we establish the equivariant formality theorem. If in addition, the manifold satisfies the generalized Kähler condition, we prove the Kirwan injectivity in this setting. We then consider the Hamiltonian action of a torus on an $H$-twisted generalized Calabi-Yau manifold and extend to this case the Duistermaat-Heckman theorem for the push-forward measure. As a side result, we show in this paper that the generalized Kähler quotient of a generalized Kähler vector space can never have a (cohomologically) non-trivial twisting. This gives a negative answer to a question asked by physicists whether one can construct $(2,2)$ gauged linear sigma models with non-trivial fluxes.
description: 32 pages. This is the revised version which is going to appear in Commu. in Math. Physics. A few minor errors in version 2 are corrected
Cosmological simulations of the generation of cluster-scale radio emission from turbulent re-acceleration
Creators: name: Beduzzi, Luca
name: Vazza, Franco
name: Cuciti, Virginia
name: Brunetti, Gianfranco
name: Brüggen, Marcus
name: Wittor, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The recent discovery of so-called mega radio halos as a new class of diffuse, steep-spectrum radio sources in clusters of galaxies has raised questions about the origin and the evolution of cluster-wide radio emission. Aims. We investigate whether the formation mechanisms of radio halos and mega radio halos differ, or whether they can be produced by different modalities of the same (re)acceleration mechanism. Here we present results of a cosmological simulation of a disturbed galaxy cluster, with the aim to study the origin of mega radio halos. Methods. We analysed the evolution of cosmic-ray electrons, subject to gains and losses using a Fokker-Planck solver. In particular, we included the effects of Adiabatic Stochastic Acceleration (ASA) which is caused by the stochastic interaction of cosmic rays with diffusing magnetic field lines in super-Alfvenic turbulence. Moreover, we included shock acceleration and the seeding of cosmic-ray electrons by galaxies. Results. Our simulations generate cluster-scale radio sources during mergers, with properties that are in agreement with those observed for real radio halos. Furthermore, we find evidence of additional emission on larger scales. This emission resembles the radial distribution and the spectrum of a mega radio halo, but only when viewed close to the merger axis. Conclusions. In our simulation, the mechanism responsible for the formation of diffuse radio emission, both in the form of classical and mega radio halos, is cosmic-ray re-acceleration by turbulence. This turbulence is more solenoidal and more subsonic in the classical radio halo region, than in the mega radio halo region.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Glucose Forecasting using a physiological model and state estimation
Creators: name: Herrero, Pau
name: Chengyuan Liu
name: Oliver, Nick
name: Georgiou, Pantelis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Diabetes
Artificial Intelligence

description: Accurate glucose forecasting algorithms have been proven to be an effective solution for reducing the risk of hypo- and hyperglycaemia events when combined with glucose alarms and/or low-insulin suspension systems. • Effective glucose forecasting algorithms can be applied tocontrolinsulindeliveryinautomaticsystems. • Daily routine information (e.g. meal intake, insulin injection, physical exercises) of person with diabetes can be included into forecasting algorithms to improve predictionaccuracy. • Inthiswork,weintroduceanovelmodel-basedglucose prediction algorithm which uses deconvolution of the continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) signal to estimate some of the model states in order to improve predictionaccuracy.
On the Quantum Kolmogorov Complexity of Classical Strings
Creators: name: Mueller, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that classical and quantum Kolmogorov complexity of binary strings agree up to an additive constant. Both complexities are defined as the minimal length of any (classical resp. quantum) computer program that outputs the corresponding string. It follows that quantum complexity is an extension of classical complexity to the domain of quantum states. This is true even if we allow a small probabilistic error in the quantum computer's output. We outline a mathematical proof of this statement, based on an inequality for outputs of quantum operations and a classical program for the simulation of a universal quantum computer.
description: 10 pages, no figures. Published version
Light projectile scattering off the Color Glass Condensate
Creators: name: Fukushima, Kenji
name: Hidaka, Yoshimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically compute the Gaussian average of Wilson lines inherent in the Color Glass Condensate, which provides useful formulae for evaluation of the scattering amplitude in the collision of a light projectile and a heavy target.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, references added, typos corrected