cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fisher Information of a Black Hole Spacetime
Creators: name: Patterson, Everett
name: Mann, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic quantum metrology is the study of optimal measurement procedures within systems that have both quantum and relativistic components. Here we use Unruh-DeWitt detectors coupled to a massless scalar field as probes of thermal parameters in different spacetimes via a relativistic quantum metrology analysis. We consider both (2+1)-dimensional anti-de Sitter and BTZ black hole spacetimes. We compute the Fisher information to identify characteristics of the black hole spacetime and to compare it to a uniformly accelerating detector in anti-de Sitter space. We find the dependence of the Fisher information on temperature, detector energy gap, black hole mass, interaction time, and the initial state of the detector. We identify strategies that maximize the Fisher information and therefore the precision of estimation.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
title: Early health technology assessment of magnetic resonance-guided high intensity focused ultrasound ablation for the treatment of early-stage breast cancer
Creators: name: Greuter, Marcel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Cost-effectiveness

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Magnetic resonance-guided high intensity focused ultrasound (MR-HIFU) ablation is in development for minimally invasive treatment of breast cancer. Cost-effectiveness has not been assessed yet. An early health technology assessment was performed to...
Improvements in depression and changes in quality of life among HIV-infected adults
Creators: name: Gaynes, Bradley
name: Heine, Amy
name: Pence, Brian W.
name: Thielman, Nathan
name: Bengtson, Angela M.
name: Zinski, Anne
name: O'Donnell, Julie
name: Modi, Riddhi
name: McGuinness, Teena
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Improving QOL for HIV-infected individuals is an important objective of HIV care, given the considerable physical and emotional burden associated with living with HIV. Although worse QOL has been associated with depression, no research has quantified the potential of improvement in depression to prospectively improve QOL among HIV-infected adults. We analyzed data from 115 HIV-infected adults with depression enrolled in a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of improved depression care on antiretroviral drug adherence. Improvement in depression, the exposure of interest, was defined as the relative change in depression at 6 months compared to baseline and categorized as full response (≥50% improvement), partial response (25%–49% improvement) and no response (<25% improvement). Multivariable linear regression was used to investigate the relationship between improvement in depression and four continuous measures of QOL at 6 months: physical QOL, mental QOL, HIV symptoms, and fatigue intensity. In multivariable analyses, physical QOL was higher among partial responders (MD=2.51, 95% CI −1.51, 6.54) and full responders (MD=3.68, 95% CI −0.36, 7.72) compared to individuals who did not respond. Mental QOL was an average of 4.01 points higher (95% CI −1.01, 9.03) among partial responders and 14.34 points higher (95% CI 9.42, 19.25) among full responders. HIV symptoms were lower for partial responders (MD=−0.69; 95% CI −1.69, 0.30) and full responders (MD=−1.51; 95% CI −2.50, −0.53). Fatigue intensity was also lower for partial responders (MD=−0.94; 95% CI −1.94, 0.07) and full responders (MD=−3.00; 95% CI −3.98, −2.02). Among HIV-infected adults with depression, improving access to high-quality depression treatment may also improve important QOL outcomes.
title: A protocol for the assignment of the occupational lens dose in interventional radiology
Creators: name: Cijan, Beatrice
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Occupational / Environmental hazards
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The interventional radiology procedures have always been of particular concern because of the potential high doses to the workers. A special attention is given to the lens dose: in 2011 in the "Statement on Tissue Reactions" the ICRP gives...
Disk galaxy scaling relations at intermediate redshifts - I. The Tully-Fisher and velocity-size relations
Creators: name: Boehm, Asmus
name: Ziegler, Bodo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We took spatially resolved slit spectra of 261 field disk galaxies at redshifts up to z~1 using the FORS instruments of the ESO Very Large Telescope. Our spectroscopy was complemented with HST/ACS imaging in the F814W filter. We analyzed the ionized gas kinematics by extracting rotation curves from the 2-D spectra. Taking into account all geometrical, observational and instrumental effects, these rotation curves were used to derive the intrinsic Vmax. Neglecting galaxies with disturbed kinematics or insufficient spatial rotation curve extent, Vmax could be robustly determined for 124 galaxies covering redshifts 0.05
description: A&A, accepted. 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of ProHealth eCoach: user-centered design and development of an eCoach app to promote healthy lifestyle with personalized activity recommendations
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Ayan
name: Prinz, Andreas
name: Gerdes, Martin
name: Martinez, Santiago
name: Pahari, Nibedita
name: Meena, Yogesh Kumar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. StaRI checklist for completion.
title: Referring physicians' perception and practices towards ensuring justification
Creators: name: GUPTA, PRIYANK
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Education and training

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Background: Enhancing Justification is one of the major cornerstones of the radiation protection as highlighted in the Action plan of the Bonn conference [1]. To achieve this objective, it is vital to involve the referring physicians and understand...
Opt-out HIV testing in prison: informed and voluntary?
Creators: name: Wohl, David A.
name: Grodensky, Catherine A.
name: Bowling, J. Michael
name: May, Jeanine
name: Golin, Carol E.
name: White, Becky L.
name: DeVellis, Robert F.
name: Rosen, David L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: HIV testing in prison settings has been identified as an important mechanism to detect cases among high-risk, underserved populations. Several public health organizations recommend that testing across healthcare settings, including prisons, be delivered in an opt-out manner. However, implementation of opt-out testing within prisons may pose challenges in delivering testing that is informed and understood to be voluntary. In a large state prison system with a policy of voluntary opt-out HIV testing, we randomly sampled adult prisoners in each of seven intake prisons within two weeks after their opportunity to be HIV tested. We surveyed prisoners’ perception of HIV testing as voluntary or mandatory and used multivariable statistical models to identify factors associated with their perception. We also linked survey responses to lab records to determine if prisoners’ test status (tested or not) matched their desired and perceived test status. Thirty eight percent (359/936) perceived testing as voluntary. The perception that testing was mandatory was positively associated with age less than 25 years (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.71) and preference that testing be mandatory (aRR: 1.81, 95% CI: 1.41, 2.31), but negatively associated with entry into one of the intake prisons (aRR: 0.41 95% CI: 0.27, 0.63). Eighty-nine percent of prisoners wanted to be tested, 85% were tested according to their wishes, and 82% correctly understood whether or not they were tested. Most prisoners wanted to be HIV tested and were aware that they had been tested, but less than 40% understood testing to be voluntary. Prisoners’ understanding of the voluntary nature of testing varied by intake prison and by a few individual-level factors. Testing procedures should ensure that opt-out testing is informed and understood to be voluntary by prisoners and other vulnerable populations.
Higher Spins Tunneling from a Time Dependent and Spherically Symmetric Black Hole
Creators: name: Siahaan, Haryanto M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discussions of Hawking radiation via tunneling method have been performed extensively in the case of scalar particles. Moreover, there are also several works in discussing the tunneling method for Hawking radiation by using higher spins, e.g. neutrino, photon, and gravitino, in the background of static black holes. Interestingly, it is found that the Hawking temperature for static black holes using the higher spins particles has no difference compared to the one computed using scalars. In this paper, we study the Hawking radiation for a spherically symmetric and time dependent black holes using the tunneling of Dirac particles, photon, and gravitino. We find that the obtained Hawking temperature is similar to the one derived in the tunneling method by using scalars.
description: 18 pages, no figures; v3: refs added
The effect of women's property rights on HIV: a search for quantitative evidence
Creators: name: Reynolds, Heidi W.
name: Tumlinson, Katherine
name: Thomas, James C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In recent years efforts to reduce HIV transmission have begun to incorporate a structural interventions approach, whereby the social, political, and economic environment in which people live is considered an important determinant of individual behaviors. This approach to HIV prevention is reflected in the growing number of programs designed to address insecure or nonexistent property rights for women living in developing countries. Qualitative and anecdotal evidence suggests that property ownership may allow women to mitigate social, economic, and biological effects of HIV for themselves and others through increased food security and income generation. Even so, the relationship between women’s property and inheritance rights (WPIR) and HIV transmission behaviors is not well understood. We explored sources of data that could be used to establish quantitative links between WPIR and HIV. Our search for quantitative evidence included (1) a review of peer-reviewed and “grey” literature reporting on quantitative associations between WPIR and HIV, (2) identification and assessment of existing data sets for their utility in exploring this relationship, and (3) interviews with organizations addressing women’s property rights in Kenya and Uganda about the data they collect. We found no quantitative studies linking insecure WPIR to HIV transmission behaviors. Data sets with relevant variables were scarce, and those with both WPIR and HIV variables could only provide superficial evidence of associations. Organizations addressing WPIR in Kenya and Uganda did not collect data that could shed light on the connection between WPIR and HIV, but two had data and community networks that could provide a good foundation for a future study that would include the collection of additional information. Collaboration between groups addressing WPIR and HIV transmission could provide the quantitative evidence needed to determine whether and how a WPIR structural intervention could decrease HIV transmission.
(101013) Alice Emily Norris
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Quantum Cognition: The possibility of processing with nuclear spins in the brain
Creators: name: Fisher, Matthew P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility that quantum processing with nuclear spins might be operative in the brain is proposed and then explored. Phosphorus is identified as the unique biological element with a nuclear spin that can serve as a qubit for such putative quantum processing - a neural qubit - while the phosphate ion is the only possible qubit-transporter. We identify the "Posner molecule", $\text{Ca}_9 (\text{PO}_4)_6$, as the unique molecule that can protect the neural qubits on very long times and thereby serve as a (working) quantum-memory. A central requirement for quantum-processing is quantum entanglement. It is argued that the enzyme catalyzed chemical reaction which breaks a pyrophosphate ion into two phosphate ions can quantum entangle pairs of qubits. Posner molecules, formed by binding such phosphate pairs with extracellular calcium ions, will inherit the nuclear spin entanglement. A mechanism for transporting Posner molecules into presynaptic neurons during a "kiss and run" exocytosis, which releases neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft, is proposed. Quantum measurements can occur when a pair of Posner molecules chemically bind and subsequently melt, releasing a shower of intra-cellular calcium ions that can trigger further neurotransmitter release and enhance the probability of post-synaptic neuron firing. Multiple entangled Posner molecules, triggering non-local quantum correlations of neuron firing rates, would provide the key mechanism for neural quantum processing. Implications, both in vitro and in vivo, are briefly mentioned.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
The role of relationship types on condom use among urban men with concurrent partners in Ghana and Tanzania
Creators: name: Guest, Greg
name: Mbwambo, Jessie
name: Attafuah, John
name: Mndeme, Erasmus
name: Shattuck, Dominick
name: Mulawa, Marta
name: Burke, Holly
name: Fleming, Paul J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Multiple concurrent partnerships are hypothesized to be important drivers of HIV transmission. Despite the demonstrated importance of relationship type (i.e. wife, girlfriend, casual partner, sex worker) on condom use, research on concurrency has not examined how different combinations of relationship types might affect condom use. We address this gap, using survey data from a sample of men from Ghana (n=807) and Tanzania (n=800) who have at least three sexual partners in the past three months. We found that approximately two-thirds of men's reported relationships were classified as a girlfriend. Men were more likely to use a condom with a girlfriend if their other partner was a wife compared to if their other partner was a sex worker (Ghana OR 3.10, 95% CI, 1.40, 6.86; Tanzania OR 2.34 95% CI 1.35, 4.06). These findings underscore the importance of considering relationship type when designing HIV prevention strategies in these settings.
title: Usefulness of normalised arterial density and blood flow predicting the outcome in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with sunitinib
Creators: name: Sebastia, Maria Carmen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Kidney
subject: Oncology
subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Drugs / Reactions

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of this study is to determine whether tumour size, vessel density (attenuation) and perfusion computed tomography (CT) parameters are predictors of the outcome of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with sunitinib As far as we...
title: Evaluation the sensitivity of FLAIR and DWI post-inject comparision with delay enhance T1w in detection of active MS lesions
Creators: name: Abdolmohammadi, Jamil
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Demineralisation-Bone
subject: Connective tissue disorders
subject: Inflammation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: but whether patients don’t have MS plaques or MRI images are not enough optimized enough in order to show MS plaques? The aim of the current study is evaluating the efficiency of different MRI pulse sequences in order to better detection of MS...
Testing wind as an explanation for the spin problem in the continuum-fitting method
Creators: name: You, Bei
name: Straub, Odele
name: Czerny, Bozena
name: Sobolewska, Malgosia
name: Rozanska, Agata
name: Bursa, Michal
name: Dovciak, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuum-fitting method is one of the two most advanced methods of determining the black hole spin in accreting X-ray binary systems. There are, however, still some unresolved issues with the underlying disk models. One of them manifests as an apparent decrease in spin for increasing source luminosity. Here, we perform a few simple tests to establish whether outflows from the disk close to the inner radius can address this problem. We employ four different parametric models to describe the wind and compare these to the apparent decrease in spin with luminosity measured in the sources LMC~X-3 and GRS~1915+105. Wind models in which parameters do not explicitly depend on the accretion rate cannot reproduce the spin measurements. Models with mass accretion rate dependent outflows, however, have spectra that emulate the observed ones. The assumption of a wind thus effectively removes the artifact of spin decrease. This solution is not unique; the same conclusion can be obtained with a truncated inner disk model. To distinguish among valid models, high resolution X-ray data and a realistic description of the Comptonization in the wind will be needed.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, accepted by ApJ
(101014) Robert Chancellor Nesbitt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Arbitrage Equilibrium, Invariance, and the Emergence of Spontaneous Order in the Dynamics of Birds Flocking
Creators: name: Sivaram, Abhishek
name: Venkatasubramanian, Venkat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of active biological matter, such as bacterial colonies and bird flocks, exhibiting interesting self-organizing dynamical behavior has gained considerable importance in recent years. Recent theoretical advances use techniques from hydrodynamics, kinetic theory, and non-equilibrium statistical physics. However, for biological agents, these don't seem to recognize explicitly their critical feature, namely, the role of survival-driven purpose and the attendant pursuit of maximum utility. Here, we propose a novel game-theoretic framework and show a surprising result that the bird-like agents, garuds, self-organize dynamically into flocks to approach a stable arbitrage equilibrium of equal effective utilities. While it has been well-known for three centuries that there are constants of motion for passive matter, it comes as a surprise to discover that the dynamics of active matter populations could also have an invariant. This is essentially the invisible hand mechanism of Adam Smith's in a biological context. What we demonstrate is for ideal systems, similar to the ideal gas or Ising model in thermodynamics. The next steps would involve examining and learning how real swarms behave compared to their ideal versions. Our theory is not limited to just birds flocking but can be adapted for the self-organizing dynamics of other active matter systems.
description: New discussion points have been added
What Do Men Who Serve as Lay Health Advisers Really Do?: Immigrant Latino Men Share their Experiences as Navegantes to Prevent HIV
Creators: name: Montaño, Jaime
name: Rhodes, Scott D.
name: Eng, Eugenia
name: Vissman, Aaron T.
name: Aronson, Robert E.
name: Leichliter, Jami S.
name: Bloom, Fred R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: HoMBReS was a lay health advisor (LHA) intervention designed to reduce sexual risk among recently-arrived, non-English-speaking Latino men who were members of a multi-county soccer league in central NC.
title: Is there a connection between the obstruction < the mitral and sub-valvular apparatus throughout the primitive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
Creators: name: Zidi, Asma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiac
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Hyperplasia / Hypertrophy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between obstruction and anomalies of the mitral and sub-valvular apparatus during primary HCM by cardiac MRI...
Fast, hierarchical, and adaptive algorithm for Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations of long-range interacting systems
Creators: name: Müller, Fabio
name: Christiansen, Henrik
name: Schnabel, Stefan
name: Janke, Wolfhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fast, hierarchical, and adaptive algorithm for Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations of systems with long-range interactions that reproduces the dynamics of a standard implementation exactly, i.e., the generated configurations and consequently all measured observables are identical, allowing in particular for nonequilibrium studies. The method is demonstrated for the power-law interacting long-range Ising model with nonconserved order parameter and a Lennard-Jones system both in two dimensions. The measured runtimes support an average complexity $O(N\log N)$, where $N$ is the number of spins or particles. Importantly, prefactors of this scaling behavior are small, which in practice manifests in speedup factors larger than $10^4$. The method is general and will allow the treatment of large systems that were out of reach before, likely enabling a more detailed understanding of physical phenomena rooted in long-range interactions.
title: Multi-parametric MRI evaluation of breast lesions: may texture analysis have a role?
Creators: name: Montemezzi, Stefania
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of this work was to assess the role of texture analysis (TA) in the multi-parametric MRI evaluation of breast...
Intervention Mapping as a Participatory Approach to Developing an HIV Prevention Intervention in Rural African American Communities
Creators: name: Council, Barbara
name: Muhammad, Melvin
name: Stith, Doris
name: Wynn, Mysha
name: Akers, Aletha
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
name: Blumenthal, Connie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Southeastern states are among the hardest hit by the HIV epidemic in this country, and racial disparities in HIV rates are high in this region. This is particularly true in our communities of interest in rural eastern North Carolina. Although most recent efforts to prevent HIV attempt to address multiple contributing factors, we have found few multilevel HIV interventions that have been developed, tailored or tested in rural communities for African Americans. We describe how Project GRACE integrated Intervention Mapping (IM) methodology with community based participatory research (CBPR) principles to develop a multi-level, multi-generational HIV prevention intervention. IM was carried out in a series of steps from review of relevant data through producing program components. Through the IM process, all collaborators agreed that we needed a family-based intervention involving youth and their caregivers. We found that the structured approach of IM can be adapted to incorporate the principles of CBPR.
title: How good are radiologists in assessing malignancy in solitary cavitary pulmonary lesions?
Creators: name: Van Hoyweghen, Astrid
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Respiratory system
subject: Thorax
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Observer performance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Radiologists arefrequently confronted with pulmonary nodules and masses in everyday practice. However, cavitation of such a nodule or mass, and especially solitary cavitation, is not seen that often. A cavity is defined by the Fleischner Society...
Blended numerical schemes for the advection equation and conservation laws
Creators: name: Cacace, Simone
name: Cristiani, Emiliano
name: Ferretti, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M12, 65M99

description: In this paper we propose a method to couple two or more explicit numerical schemes approximating the same time-dependent PDE, aiming at creating new schemes which inherit advantages of the original ones. We consider both advection equations and nonlinear conservation laws. By coupling a macroscopic (Eulerian) scheme with a microscopic (Lagrangian) scheme, we get a new kind of multiscale numerical method.
Weak Edgeworth expansion for the mean-field interacting Bose gas
Creators: name: Boßmann, Lea
name: Petrat, Sören
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the ground state and the low-energy excited states of a system of $N$ identical bosons with interactions in the mean-field scaling regime. For the ground state, we derive an Edgeworth expansion for the fluctuations of bounded one-body operators, which yields corrections to a central limit theorem to any order in $1/\sqrt{N}$ . For suitable excited states, we show that the limiting distribution is a polynomial times a normal distribution, and that higher order corrections are given by an Edgeworth-type expansion.
description: 31 pages. v3: this version is to appear in Letters in Mathematical Physics
Clustering Assisted Fundamental Matrix Estimation
Creators: name: Wu, Hao
name: Wan, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In computer vision, the estimation of the fundamental matrix is a basic problem that has been extensively studied. The accuracy of the estimation imposes a significant influence on subsequent tasks such as the camera trajectory determination and 3D reconstruction. In this paper we propose a new method for fundamental matrix estimation that makes use of clustering a group of 4D vectors. The key insight is the observation that among the 4D vectors constructed from matching pairs of points obtained from the SIFT algorithm, well-defined cluster points tend to be reliable inliers suitable for fundamental matrix estimation. Based on this, we utilizes a recently proposed efficient clustering method through density peaks seeking and propose a new clustering assisted method. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is faster and more accurate than currently commonly used methods.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, Second International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (COSIT 2015) March 21~22, 2015, Geneva, Switzerland
Community-Level HIV Risk Behaviors and HIV Prevalence among Women and Men in Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Voss, Paul
name: Speizer, Ilene S.
name: Gómez, Anu Manchikanti
name: Stewart, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Most studies on HIV risk in sub-Saharan Africa focus on individual-level socio-demographic and behavioral correlates of risk. Only recently have researchers and programmers considered the context within which individuals live. This study uses the 2005–6 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey to examine the correlation between the prevalence of HIV at the community level and the prevalence of HIV risk-taking behaviors. Results show that women and men living in communities with higher HIV prevalence in the opposite sex are at increased risk of HIV. In addition, rural women and men living in communities with greater premarital and non-marital sex are at greater risk of HIV. Finally, HIV prevalence is higher among women and men living in urban areas with higher intimate partner violence. Programs should address community-level social norms that make high-risk behaviors acceptable and thus increase all women and men’s risk of HIV, not just those engaged in high-risk behaviors.
Exploring the Sexual Health Priorities and Needs of Immigrant Latinas in the Southeastern United States: A Community-Based Participatory Research Approach
Creators: name: Eng, Eugenia
name: Simán, Florence
name: Rhodes, Scott D.
name: Cashman, Rebecca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Latinas living in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, few effective interventions currently exist that are designed to meet the priorities and needs of recently arrived and less acculturated immigrant Latinas who are settling in the southeastern US. To identify sexual health priorities, gaps in information and skills, and key intervention characteristics to improve sexual health among immigrant Latinas, a community-based participatory research (CBPR) partnership conducted four focus groups with Latinas, in central North Carolina. Findings revealed: a lack of knowledge about sexual health; shame and embarrassment related to clinical exams and conversations about sex; multi-level barriers to sexual health; and disease transmission misinformation. Findings also suggested that interventions should include information about a broad range of sexual and reproductive health topics and skill-building. Such interventions could serve to assist in diminishing health disparities experienced among this vulnerable population.
SU(1,1)-type light-atom correlated interferometer
Creators: name: Ma, Hongmei
name: Li, Dong
name: Yuan, Chun-Hua
name: Chen, L. Q.
name: Ou, Z. Y.
name: Zhang, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum correlation of light and atomic collective excitation can be used to compose an SU(1,1)-type hybrid light-atom interferometer, where one arm in optical SU(1,1) interferometer is replaced by the atomic collective excitation. The phase-sensing probes include not only the photon field but also the atomic collective excitation inside the interferometer. For a coherent squeezed state as the phase-sensing field, the phase sensitivity can approach the Heisenberg limit under the optimal conditions. We also study the effects of the loss of light field and the dephasing of atomic excitation on the phase sensitivity. Since nonlinear processes are involved in this interferometer, they can couple a variety of different waves and form new types of hybrid interferometers, which provides a new method for basic measurement using the hybrid interferometers.
description: 6 pages
A note on entropy of de Sitter black holes
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A de Sitter black hole or a black hole spacetime endowed with a positive cosmological constant has two Killing horizons -- a black hole and a cosmological event horizon surrounding it. It is natural to expect that the total Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of such spacetimes should be the sum of the two horizons' areas. In this work we apply the recently developed formalism using the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term and the near horizon symmetries to derive the total entropy of such two horizon spacetimes. We construct a suitable general geometric set up for general stationary axisymmetric spacetimes with two or more than two commuting Killing vector fields in an arbitrary spacetime dimensions. This framework helps us to deal with both the horizons in an equal footing. We show that in order to obtain the total entropy of such spacetimes, the near horizon mode functions for the diffeomorphism generating vector fields have to be restricted in a certain manner, compared to the single horizon spacetimes. We next discuss specific known exact solutions belonging to the Kerr-Newman- or the Plebanski-Demianski-de Sitter families to show that they fall into the category of our general framework. We end with a sketch of further possible extensions of this work.
description: v2, 16pp; added references and discussions, results unchanged
HealthMpowerment.org: Development Of A Theory-Based HIV/STI Website for Young Black MSM
Creators: name: Calabria, Molly
name: Kibe, Jessica
name: Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B.
name: Fowler, Beth
name: Pike, Emily
name: McCoy, Regina
name: Adimora, Adaora
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) are disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic, yet few prevention interventions have been developed specifically for them. Recent studies suggest that the Internet is a promising intervention delivery avenue. We describe results from our formative work in developing a theory-based online HIV/STI prevention intervention for young BMSM including focus groups, semistructured interviews, and usability testing. The Intervention, HealthMpowerment.org, was created based on the Institute of Medicine’s integrated model of behavior change with extensive input from young BMSM. Key interactive Web site features include live chats, quizzes, personalized health and “hook-up/sex” journals, and decision support tools for assessing risk behaviors. Creating an interactive HIV/sexually transmitted infection web site for BMSM was a complex process requiring many adjustments based on iterative feedback throughout all development stages. Preliminary satisfaction, content acceptability, and usability findings support the use of the Internet to deliver risk reduction messages to young BMSM.
Explicit universal sampling sets in finite vector spaces
Creators: name: Morotti, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we construct explicit sampling sets and present reconstruction algorithms for Fourier signals on finite vector spaces $G$, with $|G|=p^r$ for a suitable prime $p$. The two sets have sizes of order $O(pt^2r^2)$ and $O(pt^2r^3\log(p))$ respectively, where $t$ is the number of large coefficients in the Fourier transform. The algorithms approximate the function up to a small constant of the best possible approximation with $t$ non-zero Fourier coefficients. The fastest of the algorithms has complexity $O(p^2t^2r^3\log(p))$.
The Acceptance and Feasibility of Replacement Feeding at 6 Months as an HIV Prevention Method in Lilongwe, Malawi: Results From the BAN Study
Creators: name: Jamieson, Denise J.
name: Bentley, Margaret E.
name: Tembo, Martin
name: Martinson, Francis
name: van der Horst, Charles M.
name: Kayira, Dumbani
name: Soko, Alice
name: Chasela, Charles
name: Adair, Linda
name: Piwoz, Ellen G.
name: Parker, Megan E.
name: Mkhomawanthu, Chimwemwe
name: Ellington, Sascha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: International guidelines recommend exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months among HIV-infected mothers choosing to breastfeed and cessation thereafter if replacement feeding is acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable and safe. When mothers wean they are challenged to provide an adequate replacement diet. This study investigates the use and acceptability of a lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) as a breastmilk substitute when provided to infants (6-12mo) of HIV-positive mothers, as part of the Breastfeeding, Antiretroviral, and Nutrition (BAN) Study. A sub-sample of mothers (n=45) participated in interviews that explored exclusive breastfeeding, weaning, and strategies to feed LNS. Mothers reported several weaning strategies, including gradual reduction of breastfeeding, expressing breastmilk into a cup, and separation of mother and child. LNS, a peanut-based micronutrient fortified paste, was highly accepted and incorporated into the traditional diet. Weaning is a feasible HIV prevention method among this population in Malawi when supported by the provision of LNS as a breastmilk substitute.
(101015) Frederic Charles Fargus
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Simultaneous Feature Learning and Hash Coding with Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Lai, Hanjiang
name: Pan, Yan
name: Liu, Ye
name: Yan, Shuicheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Similarity-preserving hashing is a widely-used method for nearest neighbour search in large-scale image retrieval tasks. For most existing hashing methods, an image is first encoded as a vector of hand-engineering visual features, followed by another separate projection or quantization step that generates binary codes. However, such visual feature vectors may not be optimally compatible with the coding process, thus producing sub-optimal hashing codes. In this paper, we propose a deep architecture for supervised hashing, in which images are mapped into binary codes via carefully designed deep neural networks. The pipeline of the proposed deep architecture consists of three building blocks: 1) a sub-network with a stack of convolution layers to produce the effective intermediate image features; 2) a divide-and-encode module to divide the intermediate image features into multiple branches, each encoded into one hash bit; and 3) a triplet ranking loss designed to characterize that one image is more similar to the second image than to the third one. Extensive evaluations on several benchmark image datasets show that the proposed simultaneous feature learning and hash coding pipeline brings substantial improvements over other state-of-the-art supervised or unsupervised hashing methods.
description: This paper has been accepted to IEEE International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Computer Vision (CVPR), 2015
title: Detection and prevalence of pulmonary nodules in young children with and without cancer
Creators: name: Verhagen, Martijn
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Oncology
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Staging
subject: Metastases

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Scarce evidence is available on the optimal imaging strategy for detecting pulmonary nodules in oncological children. With the purpose of nodule characterization it may be beneficial to study perifissural nodules (PFN), which has not been previously...
A Snapshot of How Latino Heterosexual Men Promote Sexual Health Within Their Social Networks: Process Evaluation Findings from an Efficacious Community-Level Intervention
Creators: name: Vissman, Aaron T.
name: Rhodes, Scott D.
name: Downs, Mario
name: Daniel, Jason
name: Alonzo, Jorge
name: Duck, Stacy
name: Gilbert, Paul A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: HoMBReS was a community-level social network intervention designed to increase sexual health among Latino heterosexual men who were members of a multi-county soccer league.
Additional file 1 of QTL associated with Gummy Stem Blight (GSB) resistance in watermelon
Creators: name: Hong, Jeong-Eui
name: Hossain, Mohammad Rashed
name: Jung, Hee-Jeong
name: Nou, Ill-Sup
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Real-Time Krylov Theory for Quantum Computing Algorithms
Creators: name: Shen, Yizhi
name: Klymko, Katherine
name: Sud, James
name: Williams-Young, David B.
name: de Jong, Wibe A.
name: Tubman, Norm M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computers provide new avenues to access ground and excited state properties of systems otherwise difficult to simulate on classical hardware. New approaches using subspaces generated by real-time evolution have shown efficiency in extracting eigenstate information, but the full capabilities of such approaches are still not understood. In recent work, we developed the variational quantum phase estimation (VQPE) method, a compact and efficient real-time algorithm to extract eigenvalues on quantum hardware. Here we build on that work by theoretically and numerically exploring a generalized Krylov scheme where the Krylov subspace is constructed through a parametrized real-time evolution, which applies to the VQPE algorithm as well as others. We establish an error bound that justifies the fast convergence of our spectral approximation. We also derive how the overlap with high energy eigenstates becomes suppressed from real-time subspace diagonalization and we visualize the process that shows the signature phase cancellations at specific eigenenergies. We investigate various algorithm implementations and consider performance when stochasticity is added to the target Hamiltonian in the form of spectral statistics. To demonstrate the practicality of such real-time evolution, we discuss its application to fundamental problems in quantum computation such as electronic structure predictions for strongly correlated systems.
(101016) Elizabeth Marston
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: From Kazan to Rio de Janeiro: the role of DXA-body composition of the national elite team of swimming and springboard jump athletes in training
Creators: name: Nardi, Andrea
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Absorptiometry / Bone densitometry
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Assessment of body composition in athletes may help to optimize competitive performance and monitor the success of training regimens and thus is of considerable interest to sports professionals. It has been stated that improved body composition in...