cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing for stationarity of functional time series in the frequency domain
Creators: name: Aue, Alexander
name: van Delft, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G99, 62H99 (primary), 62M10, 62M15, 91B84 (secondary)

description: Interest in functional time series has spiked in the recent past with papers covering both methodology and applications being published at a much increased pace. This article contributes to the research in this area by proposing a new stationarity test for functional time series based on frequency domain methods. The proposed test statistics is based on joint dimension reduction via functional principal components analysis across the spectral density operators at all Fourier frequencies, explicitly allowing for frequency-dependent levels of truncation to adapt to the dynamics of the underlying functional time series. The properties of the test are derived both under the null hypothesis of stationary functional time series and under the smooth alternative of locally stationary functional time series. The methodology is theoretically justified through asymptotic results. Evidence from simulation studies and an application to annual temperature curves suggests that the test works well in finite samples.
description: 63 pages, includes Online Supplement
title: Campus Atmosphere Impacts on Sexual Violence: A Bayesian Comparison of Undergraduate and Community Colleges
Creators: name: Bonnesen, Kamilla
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2024

description:
Sexual violence (SV) is a global public health issue, especially on college campuses. Four-year campuses present high-risk environments for SV, but it is uncertain whether two-year campus students experience the same risk factors. Alcohol consumption is one of the most robust predictors of SV, and heavy episodic drinking (HED) is more common on four-year campuses. Using ARC3 campus climate data, I conducted the first comparison of SV odds between two- and four-year campuses and found reliable differences in SV and HED: four-year campus students were twice as likely to have experienced SV (OR=1.98, 90% CI=1.61-2.46) and two and a half times more likely to engage in HED (OR=2.63, 90% CI=2.24-3.10) compared to two-year campus students. There were no differences in the risk of SV associated with drinking by campus type. Future research should identify other areas in which student experiences differ across campuses to ensure the best support for victims.
Aggregation Consistency Errors in Semantic Layers and How to Avoid Them
Creators: name: Huang, Zezhou
name: Damalapati, Pavan Kalyan
name: Wu, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Analysts often struggle with analyzing data from multiple tables in a database due to their lack of knowledge on how to join and aggregate the data. To address this, data engineers pre-specify "semantic layers" which include the join conditions and "metrics" of interest with aggregation functions and expressions. However, joins can cause "aggregation consistency issues". For example, analysts may observe inflated total revenue caused by double counting from join fanouts. Existing BI tools rely on heuristics for deduplication, resulting in imprecise and challenging-to-understand outcomes. To overcome these challenges, we propose "weighing" as a core primitive to counteract join fanouts. "Weighing" has been used in various areas, such as market attribution and order management, ensuring metrics consistency (e.g., total revenue remains the same) even for many-to-many joins. The idea is to assign equal weight to each join key group (rather than each tuple) and then distribute the weights among tuples. Implementing weighing techniques necessitates user input; therefore, we recommend a human-in-the-loop framework that enables users to iteratively explore different strategies and visualize the results.
Squeezed cooling of mechanical motion beyond the resolved-sideband limit
Creators: name: Zhang, Lin
name: Yang, Cheng
name: Zhang, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity optomechanics provides a unique platform for controlling micromechanical systems by means of optical fields that crosses the classical-quantum boundary to achieve solid foundations for quantum technologies. Currently, optomechanical resonators have become promising candidates for the development of precisely controlled nano-motors, ultrasensitive sensors and robust quantum information processors. For all these applications, a crucial requirement is to cool the mechanical resonators down to their quantum ground states. In this paper, we present a novel cooling scheme to further cool a micromechanical resonator via the noise squeezing effect. One quadrature in such a resonator can be squeezed to induce enhanced fluctuation in the other, "heated" quadrature, which can then be used to cool the mechanical motion via conventional optomechanical coupling. Our theoretical analysis and numerical calculations demonstrate that this squeeze-and-cool mechanism offers a quick technique for deeply cooling a macroscopic mechanical resonator to an unprecedented temperature region below the zero-point fluctuations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Elastic and inelastic pion-nucleon scattering to fourth order in chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Siemens, D.
name: Bernard, V.
name: Epelbaum, E.
name: Gasparyan, A. M.
name: Krebs, H.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our previous study of elastic pion-nucleon scattering in the framework of chiral perturbation theory by performing a combined analysis of the reactions $πN \to πN$ and $πN \to ππN$. The calculation is carried out to fourth order in the chiral expansion using the heavy baryon approach and the covariant formulation supplemented with a modified version of the extended on-mass-shell renormalization scheme. We demonstrate that a combined fit to experimental data in both channels leads to a reduced amount of correlations between the low-energy constants. A satisfactory description of the experimental data in both channels is obtained, which is further improved upon including tree-level contributions of the $Δ$(1232) resonance. We also explore a possibility of using the empirical information about $πN$ subthreshold parameters obtained recently by means of the Roy-Steiner equations to stabilize the fits.
description: 45 pages, 21 figures
JoinBoost: Grow Trees Over Normalized Data Using Only SQL
Creators: name: Huang, Zezhou
name: Sen, Rathijit
name: Liu, Jiaxiang
name: Wu, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although dominant for tabular data, ML libraries that train tree models over normalized databases (e.g., LightGBM, XGBoost) require the data to be denormalized as a single table, materialized, and exported. This process is not scalable, slow, and poses security risks. In-DB ML aims to train models within DBMSes to avoid data movement and provide data governance. Rather than modify a DBMS to support In-DB ML, is it possible to offer competitive tree training performance to specialized ML libraries...with only SQL? We present JoinBoost, a Python library that rewrites tree training algorithms over normalized databases into pure SQL. It is portable to any DBMS, offers performance competitive with specialized ML libraries, and scales with the underlying DBMS capabilities. JoinBoost extends prior work from both algorithmic and systems perspectives. Algorithmically, we support factorized gradient boosting, by updating the $Y$ variable to the residual in the non-materialized join result. Although this view update problem is generally ambiguous, we identify addition-to-multiplication preserving, the key property of variance semi-ring to support rmse, the most widely used criterion. System-wise, we identify residual updates as a performance bottleneck. Such overhead can be natively minimized on columnar DBMSes by creating a new column of residual values and adding it as a projection. We validate this with two implementations on DuckDB, with no or minimal modifications to its internals for portability. Our experiment shows that JoinBoost is 3x (1.1x) faster for random forests (gradient boosting) compared to LightGBM, and over an order magnitude faster than state-of-the-art In-DB ML systems. Further, JoinBoost scales well beyond LightGBM in terms of the # features, DB size (TPC-DS SF=1000), and join graph complexity (galaxy schemas).
title: Universal Behavior Screening pre/post COVID-19 Data for School Aged Children
Creators: name: Boodram, Felicia
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2024

description:
ABSTRACT


INTRODUCTION: As a result of COVID-19, new mandates such as donning a mask while indoors as well as hybrid learning models emerged and disrupted childrens normal routine. Budding research suggests that these changes in routine as well as anxiety surrounding the virus may have caused an increase in negative mental health challenges. Fear of viral infection and death as well as economic and educational setbacks plague the minds of youth and families alike.


AIM: In this study, we aim to assess internalizing problems before and during the pandemic with data from the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).


METHODS: To test this hypothesis, a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted on child externalizing problems scores captured by the SDQ. The season year was the repeated (within subject) factor and internalizing/externalizing was the between subject factor; child gender and racial ethnicity (White, Black, Hispanic) were included as covariates. Due to missing data, we used imputation methods to create complete data sets from the incomplete data by imputing the missing data 5 times.


RESULTS: Results show slightly elevated internalizing problems (based on SDQ) and little to no change in externalizing problems amongst students. Overall, the levels stabilized or decreased over the course of the pandemic. Attention is warranted to investigate what long-term effects this may cause and to monitor if internalizing problems stabilize similar to pre-pandemic levels or if they become more elevated post-pandemic.


DISCUSSION: This study was conducted to answer the question is there an increase in internalizing and/or externalizing behaviors post COVID-19?. The limited research that exists shows increases in adolescent internalizing and decreases in externalizing behaviors, however did not find these results in our study. Current literature shows that school behavioral health programs yield the best results when they are tailored to meet the needs of schools by using representative data of the entire student population. An important first step in implementation of a successful behavioral health program is to evaluate all students in a school or district on behavioral and emotional criteria using a universal screening procedure such as SDQ, which we have examined in this study.
title: Sexual Violence Victimization as a Predictor of Self-Objectification in College Women
Creators: name: Brown, Julianna
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2025

description: 




Sexual objectification, or placing primary value on womens bodies as objects that exist solely for male pleasure, is exceedingly common across several social and cultural contexts. Many women internalize these messages which can lead to self-objectification. However, it is unclear if other experiences, including sexual violence victimization, also contribute to self-objectification. It might be that such relationships are only present among women who also hold false beliefs which shift the blame of sexual violence from perpetrators and onto victims (i.e., rape myth acceptance). The present study sought to examine these associations. In an online self-report study, 139 undergraduate women between the ages of 18 and 29 who attended a large southeastern public university completed measures of sexual violence victimization, rape myth acceptance, and self-objectification. A hierarchical linear regression examined the independent and joint effects of sexual violence victimization and rape myth acceptance on self-objectification. Sexual violence victimization was significantly associated with self-objectification [B = .28; p < .001, (CI 95%: 0.17, 0.64)], although this was not moderated by rape myth acceptance. During exploratory post hoc analyses, a Body Evaluation x Rape Myth Acceptance interaction was detected [B = .22, p = .015, (CI 95%: .03, .24)] and indicated that body evaluation and self-objectification were significantly and positively associated when women were higher in rape myth acceptance (b = .26, p < .001), but not lower (b = -.01, p = .903). Overall, these findings contribute to a better understanding of the knowledge gap regarding self-objectification, and they indicate that rape myth acceptance might be an important target of public health intervention to mitigate the effects of sexual violence victimization on self-objectification.
Spatiotemporal Self-Organization of Fluctuating Bacterial Colonies
Creators: name: Grafke, Tobias
name: Cates, Michael E.
name: Vanden-Eijnden, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model an enclosed system of bacteria, whose motility-induced phase separation is coupled to slow population dynamics. Without noise, the system shows both static phase separation and a limit cycle, in which a rising global population causes a dense bacterial colony to form, which then declines by local cell death, before dispersing to re-initiate the cycle. Adding fluctuations, we find that static colonies are now metastable, moving between spatial locations via rare and strongly nonequilibrium pathways, whereas the limit cycle becomes almost periodic such that after each redispersion event the next colony forms in a random location. These results, which hint at some aspects of the biofilm-planktonic life cycle, can be explained by combining tools from large deviation theory with a bifurcation analysis in which the global population density plays the role of control parameter.
Statistical Mechanics of the Uniform Electron Gas
Creators: name: Lewin, Mathieu
name: Lieb, Elliott H.
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we define and study the classical Uniform Electron Gas (UEG), a system of infinitely many electrons whose density is constant everywhere in space. The UEG is defined differently from Jellium, which has a positive constant background but no constraint on the density. We prove that the UEG arises in Density Functional Theory in the limit of a slowly varying density, minimizing the indirect Coulomb energy. We also construct the quantum UEG and compare it to the classical UEG at low density.
description: Final version to appear in J. Ec. polytech. Math
Informational Geodesics as the Origin of Field Geometry and Quantum Measurement: Unified Theory of Higgs-Based Spacetime Emergence
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Dristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This paper proposes a mathematically rigorous framework where the Higgs fieldgoverns mass, gravity, time, and space through coherent quantum dynamics. We con-struct a Theory of Everything grounded in three core principles: (1) the Higgs fieldconfers mass and mediates gravity through stabilization of its vacuum configuration;(2) time emerges as a rate of quantum basis change slowed by quantum Zeno dynam-ics; (3) space emerges as an entanglement network of Higgs field degrees of freedom,with geometry encoded by informational geodesics. We formalize the theory usingopen quantum systems, Lindblad master equations, Fisher information geometry, anda variational action principle unifying general relativity and quantum field theory. Wederive field equations linking the emergent metric to entanglement and decoherencerates, compute stress-energy tensors, simulate emergent curvature in a lattice model,assess compatibility with experimental constraints, and propose testable predictionswith realistic parameters and feasibility assessments.

 

AcknowledgementsThe author acknowledges the use of OpenAI's ChatGPT and DeepSeek as assistive tools in the development of ideas, refinement of theoretical models, and support in drafting and editing the manuscript. The AI was employed for brainstorming, language polishing, diagram suggestions, and exploring mathematical formulations, with all conceptual direction and final interpretations guided by the author.
title: An Exploration Into Wastewater Surveillance Of Dengue Virus To Detect Outbreaks In A Community
Creators: name: Grosch, Caroline
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2024

description:
INTRODUCTION:


In the Americas, dengue disease which is associated with the Dengue virus has the highest incidence of all mosquito-borne viruses with cyclic epidemics every 3 to 5 years. It is estimated that the number of dengue cases is underreported globally as most cases of infection are asymptomatic, affecting both clinical surveillance and timeliness (Angelo et al., 2020). Wastewater-based epidemiology has recently gained much attention and has the potential to provide a snapshot view of community health (Irene Xagoraraki, 2019). Research into the feasibility of wastewater monitoring for the detection of viral outbreaks has been emerging. Detection of non-waterborne viruses including arboviruses Zika, West Nile virus, Dengue virus, and yellow fever virus in urine samples which suggests the concept of wastewater-based epidemiology could be used in the future (Irene Xagoraraki, 2019).




AIM:


In the current study, we investigate the concentration and presence of dengue virus nucleic acid in various fluids of infected patients. The hope is to further contribute to the growing data on the feasibility of the use of WBE to monitor DENV infections as a tool for community-level public health surveillance.




METHODS:


De-identified secondary data was obtained from a community-based enhanced surveillance study in Pau da Lima community, Salvador, Brazil and included the results of analysis of serum, oral fluid, and urine. Literature review and evidence gap mapping was completed to inform on existing research and gaps in knowledge.




RESULTS:


A total of 96 participants were confirmed positive for dengue virus in laboratory testing. Of these, 53 (55%) were positive in acute-phase serum, 5 (5%) in acute-phase urine, 2 (3.5%) in convalescent-phase urine, and 1 (2%) in acute-phase oral fluid. There were no observed statistically significant associations between demographic and clinical manifestations and positive nucleic test detection of dengue virus RNA in acute-phase urine.




DISCUSSION:


Testing of acute- and convalescent-phase urine resulted in an overall 7% positivity across all confirmed positive patients via serum. Higher frequencies of detection in urine were seen during the acute-phase (days 0-7 days) than in the convalescent-phase (days 10-40 days). Future research into detection rates and viral shedding in feces or the use other highly sensitive assays could provide valuable information for in the feasibility of wastewater surveillance.
Optimal convergence speed of Bergman metrics on symplectic manifolds
Creators: name: Lu, Wen
name: Ma, Xiaonan
name: Marinescu, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J60, 53D50

description: It is known that a compact symplectic manifold endowed with a prequantum line bundle can be embedded in the projective space generated by the eigensections of low energy of the Bochner Laplacian acting on high $p$-tensor powers of the prequantum line bundle. We show that the Fubini-Study forms induced by these embeddings converge at speed rate $1/p^{2}$ to the symplectic form. This result implies the generalization to the almost-Kähler case of the lower bounds on the Calabi functional given by Donaldson for Kähler manifolds, as shown by Lejmi and Keller.
description: 23 pages; v.2 is a final update to agree with the published paper
Preconditioning trace coupled 3$d$-1$d$ systems using fractional Laplacian
Creators: name: Kuchta, Miroslav
name: Mardal, Kent-Andre
name: Mortensen, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Multiscale or multiphysics problems often involve coupling of partial differential equations posed on domains of different dimensionality. In this work we consider a simplified model problem of a 3d-1d coupling and the main objective is to construct algorithms that may utilize stan- dard multilevel algorithms for the 3d domain, which has the dominating computational complexity. Preconditioning for a system of two elliptic problems posed, respectively, in a three dimensional domain and an embedded one dimensional curve and coupled by the trace constraint is discussed. Investigating numerically the properties of the well-defined discrete trace operator, it is found that negative fractional Sobolev norms are suitable preconditioners for the Schur complement of the sys- tem. The norms are employed to construct a robust block diagonal preconditioner for the coupled problem.
Saibot: A Differentially Private Data Search Platform
Creators: name: Huang, Zezhou
name: Liu, Jiaxiang
name: Alabi, Daniel
name: Fernandez, Raul Castro
name: Wu, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent data search platforms use ML task-based utility measures rather than metadata-based keywords, to search large dataset corpora. Requesters submit a training dataset and these platforms search for augmentations (join or union compatible datasets) that, when used to augment the requester's dataset, most improve model (e.g., linear regression) performance. Although effective, providers that manage personally identifiable data demand differential privacy (DP) guarantees before granting these platforms data access. Unfortunately, making data search differentially private is nontrivial, as a single search can involve training and evaluating datasets hundreds or thousands of times, quickly depleting privacy budgets. We present Saibot, a differentially private data search platform that employs Factorized Privacy Mechanism (FPM), a novel DP mechanism, to calculate sufficient semi-ring statistics for ML over different combinations of datasets. These statistics are privatized once, and can be freely reused for the search. This allows Saibot to scale to arbitrary numbers of datasets and requests, while minimizing the amount that DP noise affects search results. We optimize the sensitivity of FPM for common augmentation operations, and analyze its properties with respect to linear regression. Specifically, we develop an unbiased estimator for many-to-many joins, prove its bounds, and develop an optimization to redistribute DP noise to minimize the impact on the model. Our evaluation on a real-world dataset corpus of 329 datasets demonstrates that Saibot can return augmentations that achieve model accuracy within 50 to 90% of non-private search, while the leading alternative DP mechanisms (TPM, APM, shuffling) are several orders of magnitude worse.
Observation of Volkov-Pankratov states in topological HgTe heterojunctions using high-frequency compressibility
Creators: name: Inhofer, A.
name: Tchoumakov, S.
name: Assaf, B. A.
name: Fève, G.
name: Berroir, J. M.
name: Jouffrey, V.
name: Carpentier, D.
name: Goerbig, M.
name: Plaçais, B.
name: Bendias, K.
name: Mahler, D. M.
name: Bocquillon, E.
name: Schlereth, R.
name: Brüne, C.
name: Buhmann, H.
name: Molenkamp, L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well established that topological insulators sustain Dirac fermion surface states as a consequence of band inversion in the bulk. These states have a helical spin polarization and a linear dispersion with large Fermi velocity. In this article we report on a set of experimental observations indicating the existence of massive surface states. These states are confined at the interface and dominate equilibrium and transport properties at high energy and/or high electric field. By monitoring the AC admittance of HgTe topological insulator field-effect capacitors, we access the compressibility and conductivity of surface states in a broad range of energy and electric fields. The Dirac surface states are characterized by a compressibility minimum, a linear energy dependence and a high mobility persisting up to energies much larger than the transport bandgap of the bulk. New features are revealed at high energies with signatures such as conductance peaks, compressibility bumps, a strong charge metastability and a Hall resistance anomaly. These features point to the existence of excited massive surface states, responsible for a strong intersubband scattering with the Dirac states and the nucleation of metastable bulk carriers. The spectrum of excited states agrees with predictions of a phenomenological model of the topological-trivial semiconductor interface. The model accounts for the finite interface depth and the effect of electric fields. The existence of excited topological states is essential for the understanding of topological phases and opens a route for engineering and exploiting topological resources in quantum technology.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
Pendant Capsule Elastometry
Creators: name: Hegemann, Jonas
name: Knoche, Sebastian
name: Egger, Simon
name: Kott, Maureen
name: Demand, Sarah
name: Unverfehrt, Anja
name: Rehage, Heinz
name: Kierfeld, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a C/C++ software for the shape analysis of deflated elastic capsules in a pendant capsule geometry, which is based on an elastic description of the capsule material as a quasi two-dimensional elastic membrane using shell theory. Pendant capsule elastometry provides a new in-situ and non-contact method for interfacial rheology of elastic capsules. Given an elastic model of the capsule membrane, pendant capsule elastometry determines optimal elastic moduli by fitting numerically generated axisymmetric shapes optimally to an experimental image. For each digitized image of a deflated capsule elastic moduli can be determined, if another image of its undeformed reference shape is provided. Within this paper, we focus on nonlinear Hookean elasticity because of its low computational cost its wide applicability, but also discuss and implement alternative constitutive laws. For Hookean elasticity, Young's surface modulus (or, alternatively, area compression modulus) and Poisson's ratio are determined; for Mooney-Rivlin elasticity, the Rivlin modulus and a dimensionless shape parameter are determined; for neo-Hookean elasticity, only the Rivlin modulus is determined, using a fixed dimensionless shape parameter. Comparing results for different models we find that nonlinear Hookean elasticity is adequate for most capsules. If series of images are available, these moduli can be evaluated as a function of the capsule volume to analyze hysteresis or aging effects depending on the deformation history. An additional wrinkling wavelength measurement allows the user to determine the bending modulus, from which the layer thickness can be derived. We verify the method by analyzing several materials, compare the results to available rheological measurements, and review several applications. We make the software available under the GPL license at github.com/jhegemann/opencapsule.
description: The source code of our pendant capsule elastometry software is freely available at https://github.com/jhegemann/opencapsule
Recognition of Fermi-arc states through the magnetoresistance quantum oscillations in Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 nanoplates
Creators: name: Zheng, Guolin
name: Wu, Min
name: Zhang, Hongwei
name: Chu, Weiwei
name: Gao, Wenshuai
name: Lu, Jianwen
name: Han, Yuyan
name: Yang, Jiyong
name: Du, Haifeng
name: Ning, Wei
name: Zhang, Yuheng
name: Tian, Mingliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disjointed Fermi-arcs in Weyl semimetals can intertwine with chiral bulk modes and participate in unusual closed magnetic orbits in the presence of a vertical magnetic field. Here we carry out the quantum oscillation study of such unusual Weyl magnetic orbits in Dirac semimetal Cd3As2, a close cousin of Weyl semimetals. We find that extra two-dimensional (2D) quantum oscillations emerge at high field, which superimpose on 3D bulk background and can be attributed to the Weyl magnetic orbits, when the thickness of nanoplates is smaller than the mean free path of the electrons. Further evidence of the 2D quantum oscillations from the Weyl magnetic orbits is provided by the nonlocal detection, which demonstrates an alternative way to study the quantum transport properties of Fermi-arcs under magnetic field.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Post-Newtonian Quasicircular Initial Orbits for Numerical Relativity
Creators: name: Healy, James
name: Lousto, Carlos O.
name: Nakano, Hiroyuki
name: Zlochower, Yosef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use post-Newtonian (PN) approximations to determine the initial orbital and spin parameters of black hole binaries that lead to low-eccentricity inspirals when evolved with numerical relativity techniques. In particular, we seek initial configurations that lead to very small eccentricities at small separations, as is expected for astrophysical systems. We consider three cases: (i) quasicircular orbits with no radial velocity, (ii) quasicircular orbits with an initial radial velocity determined by radiation reaction, and (iii) parameters obtained form evolution of the PN equations of motion from much larger separations. We study seven cases of spinning, nonprecessing, unequal mass binaries. We then use several definitions of the eccentricity, based on orbital separations and waveform phase and amplitude, and find that using the complete 3PN Hamiltonian for quasicircular orbits to obtain the tangential orbital momentum, and using the highest-known-order radiation reaction expressions to obtain the radial momentum, leads to the lowest eccentricity. The accuracy of this method even exceeds that of inspiral data based on 3PN and 4PN evolutions.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
A moduli stack of tropical curves
Creators: name: Cavalieri, Renzo
name: Chan, Melody
name: Ulirsch, Martin
name: Wise, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05, 14A20

description: We contribute to the foundations of tropical geometry with a view towards formulating tropical moduli problems, and with the moduli space of curves as our main example. We propose a moduli functor for the moduli space of curves and show that it is representable by a geometric stack over the category of rational polyhedral cones. In this framework the natural forgetful morphisms between moduli spaces of curves with marked points function as universal curves. Our approach to tropical geometry permits tropical moduli problems---moduli of curves or otherwise---to be extended to logarithmic schemes. We use this to construct a smooth tropicalization morphism from the moduli space of algebraic curves to the moduli space of tropical curves, and we show that this morphism commutes with all of the tautological morphisms.
description: 69 pages, 14 figures. Incorporated referee's remarks. To appear in Forum Math. Sigma. Comments still very welcome!
Spot dynamics in a reaction-diffusion model of plant root hair initiation
Creators: name: Avitabile, D.
name: Breña-Medina, V. F.
name: Ward, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study pattern formation in a 2-D reaction-diffusion (RD) sub-cellular model characterizing the effect of a spatial gradient of a plant hormone distribution on a family of G-proteins associated with root-hair (RH) initiation in the plant cell Arabidopsis thaliana. The activation of these G-proteins, known as the Rho of Plants (ROPs), by the plant hormone auxin, is known to promote certain protuberances on root hair cells, which are crucial for both anchorage and the uptake of nutrients from the soil. Our mathematical model for the activation of ROPs by the auxin gradient is an extension of the model of Payne and Grierson [PLoS ONE, 12(4), (2009)], and consists of a two-component Schnakenberg-type RD system with spatially heterogeneous coefficients on a 2-D domain. The nonlinear kinetics in this RD system model the nonlinear interactions between the active and inactive forms of ROPs. By using a singular perturbation analysis to study 2-D localized spatial patterns of active ROPs, it is shown that the spatial variations in the nonlinear reaction kinetics, due to the auxin gradient, lead to a slow spatial alignment of the localized regions of active ROPs along the longitudinal midline of the plant cell. Numerical bifurcation analysis, together with time-dependent numerical simulations of the RD system are used to illustrate both 2-D localized patterns in the model, and the spatial alignment of localized structures.
Covering and tiling hypergraphs with tight cycles
Creators: name: Han, Jie
name: Lo, Allan
name: Sanhueza-Matamala, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given $3 \leq k \leq s$, we say that a $k$-uniform hypergraph $C^k_s$ is a tight cycle on $s$ vertices if there is a cyclic ordering of the vertices of $C^k_s$ such that every $k$ consecutive vertices under this ordering form an edge. We prove that if $k \ge 3$ and $s \ge 2k^2$, then every $k$-uniform hypergraph on $n$ vertices with minimum codegree at least $(1/2 + o(1))n$ has the property that every vertex is covered by a copy of $C^k_s$. Our result is asymptotically best possible for infinitely many pairs of $s$ and $k$, e.g. when $s$ and $k$ are coprime. A perfect $C^k_s$-tiling is a spanning collection of vertex-disjoint copies of $C^k_s$. When $s$ is divisible by $k$, the problem of determining the minimum codegree that guarantees a perfect $C^k_s$-tiling was solved by a result of Mycroft. We prove that if $k \ge 3$ and $s \ge 5k^2$ is not divisible by $k$ and $s$ divides $n$, then every $k$-uniform hypergraph on $n$ vertices with minimum codegree at least $(1/2 + 1/(2s) + o(1))n$ has a perfect $C^k_s$-tiling. Again our result is asymptotically best possible for infinitely many pairs of $s$ and $k$, e.g. when $s$ and $k$ are coprime with $k$ even.
description: Revised version, accepted for publication in Combin. Probab. Comput
Stable components in the parameter plane of transcendental functions of finite type
Creators: name: Fagella, Nuria
name: Keen, Linda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10

description: We study the parameter planes of certain one-dimensional, dynamically-defined slices of holomorphic families of entire and meromorphic transcendental maps of finite type. Our planes are defined by constraining the orbits of all but one of the singular values, and leaving free one asymptotic value. We study the structure of the regions of parameters, which we call {\em shell components}, for which the free asymptotic value tends to an attracting cycle of non-constant multiplier. The exponential and the tangent families are examples that have been studied in detail, and the hyperbolic components in those parameter planes are shell components. Our results apply to slices of both entire and meromorphic maps. We prove that shell components are simply connected, have a locally connected boundary and have no center, i.e., no parameter value for which the cycle is superattracting. Instead, there is a unique parameter in the boundary, the {\em virtual center}, which plays the same role. For entire slices, the virtual center is always at infinity, while for meromorphic ones it maybe finite or infinite. In the dynamical plane we prove, among other results, that the basins of attraction which contain only one asymptotic value and no critical points are simply connected. Our dynamical plane results apply without the restriction of finite type.
description: 41 pages, 13 figures
Adaptive aggregation on graphs
Creators: name: Xu, Wenfang
name: Zikatanov, Ludmil T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C85, 15A18, 94A12

description: We generalize some of the functional (hyper-circle) a posteriori estimates from finite element settings to general graphs or Hilbert space settings. We provide several theoretical results in regard to the generalized a posteriori error estimators. We use these estimates to construct aggregation based coarse spaces for graph Laplacians. The estimator is used to assess the quality of an aggregation adaptively. Furthermore, a reshaping algorithm based is tested on several numerical examples.
description: 17 pages
Sous-groupe de Brauer invariant et obstruction de descente itérée
Creators: name: Cao, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a quasi-projective smooth geometrically integral variety over a number field $k$, we prove that the iterated descent obstruction is equivalent to the descent obstruction. This generalizes a result of Skorobogatov, and this answers an open question of Poonen. The key idea is the notion of invariant Brauer subgroup and the notion of invariant étale Brauer-Manin obstruction for a $k$-variety equipped with an action of a connected linear algebraic group.
description: in French, 30 pages
High-mass twin stars with a multi-polytrope EoS
Creators: name: Alvarez-Castillo, D. E.
name: Blaschke, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in the 3-polytropes model of Hebeler et al. \cite{Hebeler:2013nza} for the neutron star equation of state at supersaturation densities a third family of compact stars can be obtained which confirms the possibility of high-mass twin stars that have coincident masses $M_1=M_2\approx 2~M_\odot$ and significantly different radii $|R_1-R_2|>2-3 $ km. We show that the causality constraint puts severe limitations on the maximum mass of the third family sequence which can be relaxed when this scheme is extended to four polytropes thus mimicking a realistic high-density matter EoS.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; extended version with additional figures, text and references; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
title: Exploring the Social Dynamics of Health Information Sharing on Social Media: The Influence of Beliefs and Source Information
Creators: name: Joshi, Priyam
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2025

description:
In the age of online connectivity, understanding how health information circulates in social media communities is vital to navigate online health complexities, fight misinformation, and make informed decisions. This study examines the impact of topic belief groups and source information on the sharing process regarding dietary topics like vegetarianism and meat-eating. 129 undergraduate students from two US universities participated in this study. After assessing their prior topic beliefs about vegetarianism and health, participants were randomly assigned to a 'Sources Present' or 'Sources Absent' condition. Subsequently, they read 30 text excerpts regarding vegetarianism and meat consumption, rated their likelihood of sharing each information on social media and provided open-ended justifications for their choices. Quantitatively, belief groups significantly influenced pro-meat sharing, but not pro-vegetarian sharing, with no notable interaction between belief group and source presence. Qualitatively, nine themes emerged influencing sharing decisions, with the prevalence of some themes varying based on source conditions. By exploring these factors, this study seeks to enhance digital health literacy, foster an informed and engaged online society, improve public health communication, and combat misinformation, leading to improved health outcomes in the digital era and beyond.
Supplementary document for Extended optical waveguide theory with magneto-optical effect and magnetoelectric effect - 6452834.pdf
Creators: name: Yoshihiro, Honda
name: Eri, Igarashi
name: Shoji, Yuya
name: Amemiya, Tomo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Derivation of each tensor component
Equal Confusion Fairness: Measuring Group-Based Disparities in Automated Decision Systems
Creators: name: Gursoy, Furkan
name: Kakadiaris, Ioannis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As artificial intelligence plays an increasingly substantial role in decisions affecting humans and society, the accountability of automated decision systems has been receiving increasing attention from researchers and practitioners. Fairness, which is concerned with eliminating unjust treatment and discrimination against individuals or sensitive groups, is a critical aspect of accountability. Yet, for evaluating fairness, there is a plethora of fairness metrics in the literature that employ different perspectives and assumptions that are often incompatible. This work focuses on group fairness. Most group fairness metrics desire a parity between selected statistics computed from confusion matrices belonging to different sensitive groups. Generalizing this intuition, this paper proposes a new equal confusion fairness test to check an automated decision system for fairness and a new confusion parity error to quantify the extent of any unfairness. To further analyze the source of potential unfairness, an appropriate post hoc analysis methodology is also presented. The usefulness of the test, metric, and post hoc analysis is demonstrated via a case study on the controversial case of COMPAS, an automated decision system employed in the US to assist judges with assessing recidivism risks. Overall, the methods and metrics provided here may assess automated decision systems' fairness as part of a more extensive accountability assessment, such as those based on the system accountability benchmark.
Computing solutions of linear Mahler equations
Creators: name: Chyzak, Frédéric
name: Dreyfus, Thomas
name: Dumas, Philippe
name: Mezzarobba, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mahler equations relate evaluations of the same function $f$ at iterated $b$th powers of the variable. They arise in particular in the study of automatic sequences and in the complexity analysis of divide-and-conquer algorithms. Recently, the problem of solving Mahler equations in closed form has occurred in connection with number-theoretic questions. A difficulty in the manipulation of Mahler equations is the exponential blow-up of degrees when applying a Mahler operator to a polynomial. In this work, we present algorithms for solving linear Mahler equations for series, polynomials, and rational functions, and get polynomial-time complexity under a mild assumption. Incidentally, we develop an algorithm for computing the gcrd of a family of linear Mahler operators.
description: Minor changes + New section 3.6
Improving the mechanical performance of adhesively bonded CFRP composite joints exposed to harsh mediums with the reinforcement of boron nanostructures
Creators: name: Korkmaz, Yasemin
name: Gültekin, Kürşat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
classificationCode: 29999
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, the degradation in the strength of adhesively bonded carbon fibre composite joints exposed to different harsh mediums was improved with the addition of silane-modified BN and B4C nanostructures. For this purpose, modified BN and B4C nanostructures were added to the structural adhesive, and then composite plates were bonded with the new reinforced adhesives to produce single lap joints. The produced joints were aged 480, 960, and 1440 h in distilled water, saltwater, sulphuric acid, and ultraviolet light mediums. The mechanical properties of the joints were determined by the tensile test after aging. Moreover, liquid absorption and SEM analyses were performed to observe the structural change in the adhesives. The results revealed that adding nanostructures into the epoxy matrix positively decreases the absorption of distilled water, saltwater, and sulphuric acid solutions. It was also observed that the failure loads of joints decreased depending on the severity of the damage caused by the aging mediums. The joints bonded with BN and B4C nanostructures reinforced adhesives decreased the damage experienced by limiting the harmful effects of the mediums. After 1440 h of aging in the distilled water medium, the composite joints reinforced with BN and B4C nanostructures carried approximately 40% and 37.6% higher loads, respectively, compared to the neat joint. Similarly, as a result of the aging in the UV medium, BN and B4C reinforced joints carried approximately 48.3% and 40.9% higher loads, respectively, while these ratios were determined as 39.7% and 36.7%, respectively, for the saltwater medium.
Well-posedness by noise for scalar conservation laws
Creators: name: Gess, Benjamin
name: Maurelli, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: H6015, 35R60, 35L65

description: We consider stochastic scalar conservation laws with spatially inhomogeneous flux. The regularity of the flux function with respect to its spatial variable is assumed to be low, so that entropy solutions are not necessarily unique in the corresponding deterministic scalar conservation law. We prove that perturbing the system by noise leads to well-posedness.
description: 33 pages