Additional file 1 of The spatial distribution of soluble organic matter and their relationship to minerals in the asteroid (162173) Ryugu
Creators: name: Hashiguchi, Minako
name: Aoki, Dan
name: Fukushima, Kazuhiko
name: Naraoka, Hiroshi
name: Takano, Yoshinori
name: Dworkin, Jason P.
name: Dworkin, Karin E.
name: Aponte, José C.
name: Elsila, Jamie E.
name: Eiler, John M.
name: Furukawa, Yoshihiro
name: Furusho, Aogu
name: Glavin, Daniel P.
name: Graham, Heather V.
name: Hamase, Kenji
name: Hertkorn, Norbert
name: Isa, Junko
name: Koga, Toshiki
name: McLain, Hannah L.
name: Mita, Hajime
name: Oba, Yasuhiro
name: Ogawa, Nanako O.
name: Ohkouchi, Naohiko
name: Orthous-Daunay, Francois-Regis
name: Parker, Eric T.
name: Ruf, Alexander
name: Sakai, Saburo
name: Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe
name: Sugahara, Haruna
name: Thissen, Roland
name: Vuitton, Véronique
name: Wolters, Cédric
name: Yoshimura, Toshihiro
name: Yurimoto, Hisayoshi
name: Nakamura, Tomoki
name: Noguchi, Takaaki
name: Okazaki, Ryuji
name: Yabuta, Hikaru
name: Sakamoto, Kanako
name: Tachibana, Shogo
name: Yada, Toru
name: Nishimura, Masahiro
name: Nakato, Aiko
name: Miyazaki, Akiko
name: Yogata, Kasumi
name: Abe, Masanao
name: Usui, Tomohiro
name: Yoshikawa, Makoto
name: Saiki, Takanao
name: Tanaka, Satoshi
name: Terui, Fuyuto
name: Nakazawa, Satoru
name: Watanabe, Sei-ichiro
name: Tsuda, Yuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 1.Figure S1. Photograph of the initial sample A0080 (total 1.4 mg) collected from the first touchdown at asteroid Ryugu. The photos were taken in the clean chamber of the ISAS/JAXA curation facility before sample distribution. Figure S2. Left: combined image of BSE image of A0080 and RGB image of total CHO (red), total CHN (green), and total CHNO compounds. Right: topography image obtained from the almost the same area as the SE image. The color bar shows a depth of the sample surface ranged from 0–339 µm. The dotted line shows the highest region on the surface, which is roughly corresponding to the SOM concentrated region identified by DESI-HRMS imaging. Figure S3. Evaluation of effect for ion intensity of DESI-HRMS imaging using a epoxy. (a) An optical microscope image of epoxy with scratches of different roughness. (b) A DESI image of m/z 368.428 (C25H54N+) from the epoxy surface. Outline of white dotted line corresponds to a region for normalization of ion intensity. (c) Normalized image using averaged ion intensity obtained from a region shown by dotted rectangle in (b). White solid rectangles correspond to areas 1, 2, and 3 surrounding scratches with different roughness described in (a). Correlation between decrease of ion intensity and (d) difference of depth from the surface region used for normalization or (e) width of scratches. Figure S4. (a) A BSE image and positive secondary ion images obtained by TOF-SIMS from area A in Fig.7. (b) An BSE image and negative secondary ion images obtained by ToF-SIMS from area B in Fig.7. All scale bars show 100 µm. Color bars show ion counts. Note that the positioning of the TOF-SIMS images and BSE image contains a ~ ± 20 µm uncertainty. Figure S5. Left: BSE image of the Orgueil meteorite with color outlines for SOM concentrated regions (pink, green, blue, and yellow corresponds to CHO, CHN, CHNO, and CHO-Na compounds, respectively). The white dotted line shows the regions of highest SOM concentrations. Right: topograpic image obtained from almost the same area as the BSE image. The color bar shows a depth of the sample surface ranged from 0–115 µm. Figure S6. A comparison of ESI efficiency from Flow Injection Analysis (FIA)-HRMS and DESI-HRMS desorption efficiency on various organic reagents. All ions correspond to [M+H]+. The ion intensities from DESI-HRMS data were calculated from 2 mm × 2 mm for each ion images. Error bars correspond 2, which were calculated using standard deviation of the eluent blank data for FIA-HRMS data, or standard deviation of pixels in analyzed area for DESI-HRMS data. Experimental conditions are described below. Table S1. Comparison of ESI efficiency and DESI desorption efficiency on organic reagents.