cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Infrared thermography is an effective, noninvasive measure of HPA activation
Creators: name: Ouyang, Jenny Q.
name: Macaballug, Paul
name: Chen, Hao
name: Hodach, Kristiana
name: Tang, Shelly
name: Francis, Jacob S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Infrared thermography (IRT) is increasingly applied as a noninvasive technique for measuring surface body temperature changes related to physiological stress. As a basis for validation of IRT as a tool for diagnostic use, we need to assess its potential to measure hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity. We used experimental manipulations of the HPA axis in house sparrows (Passer domesticus), i.e. adrenal tissue responsiveness to exogenous adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and the efficacy of negative feedback using the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX), to test whether IRT is an effective tool for measuring HPA reactivity. Experimental birds showed a pronounced decrease in skin temperatures after ACTH injection and an increase in temperature after DEX injection. However, individual variation in glucocorticoid levels were not related to skin temperatures except after ACTH injection in experimental birds. We show that IRT can be used to measure HPA reactivity but that skin-temperature is not a good index for glucocorticoid secretion at baseline levels. These results suggest that while IRT of skin temperatures is a useful, noninvasive measure of HPA axis reactivity under acute activation, this technique might not be suitable for measuring natural variation of circulating glucocorticoid levels.
Quantum-Classical Hybrid Algorithm for the Simulation of All-Electron Correlation
Creators: name: Boyn, Jan-Niklas
name: Lykhin, Aleksandr O.
name: Smart, Scott E.
name: Gagliardi, Laura
name: Mazziotti, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the treatment of chemically relevant systems containing hundreds or even thousands of electrons remains beyond the reach of quantum devices, the development of quantum-classical hybrid algorithms to resolve electronic correlation presents a promising pathway toward a quantum advantage in the computation of molecular electronic structure. Such hybrid algorithms treat the exponentially scaling part of the calculation -- the static (multireference) correlation -- on the quantum computer and the non-exponentially scaling part -- the dynamic correlation -- on the classical computer. While a variety of such algorithms have been proposed, due to the dependence on the wave function of most classical methods for dynamic correlation, the development of easy-to-use classical post-processing implementations has been limited. Here we present a novel hybrid-classical algorithm that computes a molecule's all-electron energy and properties on the classical computer from a critically important simulation of the static correlation on the quantum computer. Significantly, for the all-electron calculations we circumvent the wave function by using density-matrix methods that only require input of the statically correlated two-electron reduced density matrix (2-RDM), which can be efficiently measured in the quantum simulation. Although the algorithm is completely general, we test it with two classical 2-RDM methods, the anti-Hermitian contracted Schrödinger equation (ACSE) theory and multiconfiguration pair-density functional theory (MC-PDFT), using the recently developed quantum ACSE method for the simulation of the statically correlated 2-RDM. We obtain experimental accuracy for the relative energies of all three benzyne isomers and thereby, demonstrate the ability of the quantum-classical hybrid algorithms to achieve chemically relevant results and accuracy on currently available quantum computers.
Quantum Simulation of Open Quantum Systems Using a Unitary Decomposition of Operators
Creators: name: Schlimgen, Anthony W.
name: Head-Marsden, Kade
name: Sager, LeeAnn M.
name: Narang, Prineha
name: Mazziotti, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron transport in realistic physical and chemical systems often involves the non-trivial exchange of energy with a large environment, requiring the definition and treatment of open quantum systems. Because the time evolution of an open quantum system employs a non-unitary operator, the simulation of open quantum systems presents a challenge for universal quantum computers constructed from only unitary operators or gates. Here we present a general algorithm for implementing the action of any non-unitary operator on an arbitrary state on a quantum device. We show that any quantum operator can be exactly decomposed as a linear combination of at most four unitary operators. We demonstrate this method on a two-level system in both zero and finite temperature amplitude damping channels. The results are in agreement with classical calculations, showing promise in simulating non-unitary operations on intermediate-term and future quantum devices.
Psychological impact of COVID-19 among frontline financial services workers in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Rana, Rezwanul Hasan
name: Islam, Ariful
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of people worldwide both physically and mentally. In resource-strapped countries, high levels of psychological distress caused by fear of getting infected with the deadly disease has been observed in densely populated communities and among frontline workers (e.g., healthcare workers and retail employees), who provide services without wearing the appropriate personal protective equipment. This study assessed the level of psychological distress among bank employees, who are also essential frontline workers. Data were collected from 120 bank employees by using a predesigned survey questionnaire consisting of Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) questions. Nine out of ten respondents indicated that they were likely to experience mild to severe psychological distress, and 86.6% felt vulnerable to having close contact with a carrier of the rapidly spreading COVID-19 virus. The Chi-square test results indicated that married employees (36.37 vs 32.16) and those assigned in bank branches (36.34 vs 33.25) had a higher likelihood of experiencing psychological distress than those who were not married and those assigned in head offices, respectively. To address this issue, health policymakers and bank regulatory authorities must develop mental health interventions, treatments, and guidelines specific for bank employees.
ReaWristic: Remote Touch Sensation to Fingers from a Wristband via Visually Augmented Electro-Tactile Feedback
Creators: name: Tanaka, Yudai
name: Weiss, Neil
name: Bolger-Cruz, Robert Cole
name: Hartcher-O'Brien, Jess
name: Flynn, Brendan
name: Boldu, Roger
name: Colonnese, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a technique for providing remote tactile feedback to the thumb and index finger via a wristband device. This enables haptics for touch and pinch interactions in mixed reality (MR) while keeping the hand entirely free. We achieve this through a novel cross-modal stimulation, which we term visually augmented electro-tactile feedback. This consists of (1) electrically stimulating the nerves that innervate the targeted fingers using our wristband device and (2) concurrently, visually augmenting the targeted finger in MR to steer the perceived sensation to the desired location. In our psychophysics study, we found that our approach provides tactile perception akin to tapping and, even from the wrist, it is capable of delivering the sensation to the targeted fingers with about 50% of sensation occurring in the thumb and about 40% of sensation occurring in the index finger. These results on localizability are unprecedented compared to electro-tactile feedback alone or any prior work for creating sensations in the hand with devices worn on the wrist/arm. Moreover, unlike conventional electro-tactile techniques, our wristband dispenses with gel electrodes. Instead, it incorporates custom-made elastomer-based dry electrodes and a stimulation waveform designed for the electrodes, ensuring the practicality of the device beyond laboratory settings. Lastly, we evaluated the haptic realism of our approach in mixed reality and elicited qualitative feedback from users. Participants preferred our approach to a baseline vibrotactile wrist-worn device.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, published at IEEE ISMAR 2024
Fully Device-Independent Model on Quantum Networks
Creators: name: Luo, Ming-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bell inequality can provide a useful witness for device-independent applications with quantum (or post-quantum) eavesdroppers. This feature holds only for single entangled systems. Our goal is to explore device-independent model for quantum networks. We firstly propose a Bell inequality to verify the genuinely multipartite nonlocality of connected quantum networks including cyclic networks and universal quantum computational resources for measurement-based computation model. This is further used to construct new monogamy relation in a fully device-independent model with multisource quantum resources. It is finally applied for multiparty quantum key distribution, blind quantum computation, and quantum secret sharing. The present model can inspire various large-scale applications on quantum networks in a device-independent manner.
description: 7+24 pages. Welcome comments
Emergent elasticity linked to topological phase transitions controlled via molecular chirality and steric anisotropy
Creators: name: Takae, Kyohei
name: Kawasaki, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-organisation into spatially modulated structures has different nature from phase transition into uniform states. Skyrmions and half-skyrmions (merons) are representatives of such structures and are utilised in designing magnetoelectric, optical, and mechanoresponsive materials by controlling topological phases. However, skyrmions and half-skyrmions in molecular solids are rarely studied, though there is a universality in theoretical descriptions between magnetic and molecular systems with chiral interactions. Here we develop a simple physical system for controlling topological phases in a solid with chirality. We reveal that emergence of elastic fields from anisotropic steric interactions and intermolecular twisting is a key to control helical and half-skyrmion structures. Utilising the coupling between the emergent elastic fields and molecular orientations, we successfully control topological phases by temperature, external electromagnetic fields, and anisotropic stresses. The concept of the emergent elasticity provides a control system for designing molecular and macromolecular solids with tunable electro- and magneto-mechanical properties.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, 8 extended data figures
An 8\% Determination of the Hubble Constant from localized Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Wu, Q.
name: Zhang, G. Q.
name: Wang, F. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Λ$CDM model successfully explains the majority of cosmological observations. However, the $Λ$CDM model is challenged by Hubble tension, a remarkable difference of Hubble constant $H_0$ between measurements from local probe and the prediction from Planck cosmic microwave background observations under $ Λ$CDM model. So one urgently needs new distance indicators to test the Hubble tension. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration pulses occurring at cosmological distances, which are attractive cosmological probes. However, there is a thorny problem that the dispersion measures (DMs) contributed by host galaxy and the inhomogeneities of intergalactic medium cannot be exactly determined from observations. Previous works assuming fixed values for them bring uncontrolled systematic error in analysis. A reasonable approach is to handle them as probability distributions extracted from cosmological simulations. Here we report a measurement of ${H_0} = 64.67^{+5.62}_{-4.66} {\rm \ km \ s^{-1} \ Mpc^{-1}}$ using fourteen localized FRBs, with an uncertainty of 8.7\% at 68.3 per cent confidence. Thanks to the high event rate of FRBs and localization capability of radio telescopes (i.e., Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder and Very Large Array), future observations of a reasonably sized sample ($\sim$100 localized FRBs) will provide a new way of measuring $H_0$ with a high precision ($\sim$2.6\%) to test the Hubble tension.
description: minor revision, published in MNRAS Letters
HEX: Hierarchical Emergence Exploitation in Self-Supervised Algorithms
Creators: name: Kokilepersaud, Kiran
name: Kim, Seulgi
name: Prabhushankar, Mohit
name: AlRegib, Ghassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose an algorithm that can be used on top of a wide variety of self-supervised (SSL) approaches to take advantage of hierarchical structures that emerge during training. SSL approaches typically work through some invariance term to ensure consistency between similar samples and a regularization term to prevent global dimensional collapse. Dimensional collapse refers to data representations spanning a lower-dimensional subspace. Recent work has demonstrated that the representation space of these algorithms gradually reflects a semantic hierarchical structure as training progresses. Data samples of the same hierarchical grouping tend to exhibit greater dimensional collapse locally compared to the dataset as a whole due to sharing features in common with each other. Ideally, SSL algorithms would take advantage of this hierarchical emergence to have an additional regularization term to account for this local dimensional collapse effect. However, the construction of existing SSL algorithms does not account for this property. To address this, we propose an adaptive algorithm that performs a weighted decomposition of the denominator of the InfoNCE loss into two terms: local hierarchical and global collapse regularization respectively. This decomposition is based on an adaptive threshold that gradually lowers to reflect the emerging hierarchical structure of the representation space throughout training. It is based on an analysis of the cosine similarity distribution of samples in a batch. We demonstrate that this hierarchical emergence exploitation (HEX) approach can be integrated across a wide variety of SSL algorithms. Empirically, we show performance improvements of up to 5.6% relative improvement over baseline SSL approaches on classification accuracy on Imagenet with 100 epochs of training.
Additional file 3 of Genomic differentiation across the speciation continuum in three hummingbird species pairs
Creators: name: Henderson, Elisa C.
name: Brelsford, Alan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplemental Table 1. Number of FST windows from the top 1% distributed across different chromosome types for each species pair.
Additional file 2 of Expression of a bacterial 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase (QsuB) reduces lignin and improves biomass saccharification efficiency in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)
Creators: name: Hao, Zhangying
name: Yogiswara, Sasha
name: Wei, Tong
name: Benites, Veronica Teixeira
name: Sinha, Anagh
name: Wang, George
name: Baidoo, Edward E. K.
name: Ronald, Pamela C.
name: Scheller, Henrik V.
name: Loqué, Dominique
name: Eudes, Aymerick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Characterization of a switchgrass line harboring the pZmCesa10::QsuB construct. (A) Representative pictures showing GUS activities in various tiller sections of switchgrass lines harboring the pZmCesa10::GUS construct. GUS expression is mostly observed in internodes, especially in developing vascular bundles (red arrows). Scale: White bars = 2 mm, black bar = 400 μ m. N: node; IN: internode, IS: internode transverse section. (B) Detection of the QsuB gene by PCR in line pZmCesa10::QsuB-5. (C) Detection of QsuB transcripts by RT-qPCR. QsuB expression levels relative to that of PvUBQ6 are shown. Values are means ±SD of two biological replicates (n = 2). (D) Protocatechuate (PCA) content measured in the biomass of the switchgrass line pZmCesa10::QsuB-5. A line containing the pZmCesa10::GUS construct was used as control. Values are means ±SE of three biological replicates (n = 3). Asterisks indicate a significant difference from the control using the unpaired Student’s t-test (*P < 0.001). (E) Klason lignin content measured in cell wall residues (CWR) obtained from the biomass of the switchgrass line pZmCesa10::QsuB-5. A line containing the pZmCesa10::GUS construct was used as control. Values are means ±SE of four biological replicates (n = 4). Asterisks indicate a significant difference from the control using the unpaired Student’s t-test (*P < 0.05). (F) Representative pictures of stem and leaf blade cross-sections stained with phloroglucinol-HCl from line pZmCesa10::QsuB-5 and a line containing the pZmCesa10::GUS construct. Note in the leaves the reduction of the staining specifically in thick fibers located in both the adaxial and abaxial zones for the line pZmCesa10::QsuB-5 (red arrows).
Additional file 6 of Genomic differentiation across the speciation continuum in three hummingbird species pairs
Creators: name: Henderson, Elisa C.
name: Brelsford, Alan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Supplementary Methods: Modified Nextera whole-genome library prep protocol for low volumes.
Additional file 1 of Big data analysis techniques to address polypharmacy in patients – a scoping review
Creators: name: Wilfling, D.
name: A. Hinz
name: J. Steinhäuser
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Information Systems

description: Additional file 1. Full electronic search strategy in PubMed.
Additional file 3 of Expression of a bacterial 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase (QsuB) reduces lignin and improves biomass saccharification efficiency in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.)
Creators: name: Hao, Zhangying
name: Yogiswara, Sasha
name: Wei, Tong
name: Benites, Veronica Teixeira
name: Sinha, Anagh
name: Wang, George
name: Baidoo, Edward E. K.
name: Ronald, Pamela C.
name: Scheller, Henrik V.
name: Loqué, Dominique
name: Eudes, Aymerick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Oligonucleotides used in the study.
A flow approach to the Musielak-Orlicz-Gauss image problem
Creators: name: Li, Qi-Rui
name: Sheng, Weimin
name: Ye, Deping
name: Yi, Caihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K96, 53C21, 52A30, 52A39, 52A40

description: In this paper, the extended Musielak-Orlicz-Gauss image problem is studied. Such a problem aims to characterize the Musielak-Orlicz-Gauss image measure $\widetilde{C}_{G,Ψ,λ}(Ω,\cdot)$ of convex body $Ω$ in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ containing the origin (but the origin is not necessary in its interior). In particular, we provide solutions to the extended Musielak-Orlicz-Gauss image problem based on the study of suitably designed parabolic flows, and by the use of approximation technique (for general measures). Our parabolic flows involve two Musielak-Orlicz functions and hence contain many well-studied curvature flows related to Minkowski type problems as special cases. Our results not only generalize many previously known solutions to the Minkowski type and Gauss image problems, but also provide solutions to those problems in many unsolved cases.
description: 35 pages. All comments are welcome
Additional file 2 of Genomic differentiation across the speciation continuum in three hummingbird species pairs
Creators: name: Henderson, Elisa C.
name: Brelsford, Alan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Fig. 2. FST for one species pair versus FST for another species pair.
Additional file 5 of Genomic differentiation across the speciation continuum in three hummingbird species pairs
Creators: name: Henderson, Elisa C.
name: Brelsford, Alan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Supplemental Table 3. Sex and location for each sample.
NIHAO-LG: The uniqueness of Local Group dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Arora, Nikhil
name: Macció, Andrea V.
name: Courteau, Stéphane
name: Buck, Tobias
name: Libeskind, Noam I.
name: Sorce, Jenny G.
name: Brook, Chris B.
name: Hoffman, Yehuda
name: Yepes, Gustavo
name: Carlesi, Eduardo
name: Stone, Connor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observational and theoretical studies of the Local Group (LG) dwarf galaxies have highlighted their unique star-formation history, stellar metallicity, gas content, and kinematics. We investigate the commonality of these features by comparing constrained LG and field central dwarf halo simulations in the Numerical Investigation of a Hundred Astrophysical Objects (NIHAO) project. Our simulations, performed with NIHAO-like hydrodynamics which track the evolution of the Milky Way (MW) and M31 along with ~100 dwarfs in the LG, reveal the total gas mass and stellar properties (velocity dispersion, evolution history, etc.) of present-day LG dwarfs to be similar to field systems. However, relative to field galaxies, LG dwarfs have more cold gas in their central parts and more metal-rich gas in the halo stemming from interactions with other dwarfs living in a high-density environment like the LG. Interestingly, the direct impact of massive MW/M31 analogues on the metallicity evolution of LG dwarfs is minimal; LG dwarfs accrete high-metallicity gas mostly from other dwarfs at late times. We have also tested for the impact of metal diffusion on the chemical evolution of LG dwarfs, and found that it does not affect the stellar or gaseous content of LG dwarfs. Our simulations suggest that the stellar components of LG dwarfs offer a unique and unbiased local laboratory for galaxy-formation tests and comparisons, especially against the overall dwarf population in the Universe.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Emergency department use by patients with end-stage renal disease in the United States
Creators: name: Wang, Ningyuan
name: Pei, Jiao
name: Fan, Hui
name: Ali, Yaseen
name: Prushinskaya, Anna
name: Zhao, Jian
name: Zhang, Xingyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplement Table 1. Association between ED visiting with ESRD and patient visiting characteristics, NHAMCS 2014–2016. Note: the adjusted OR was from a logistic regression including all variables in the table.
title: 01_2182
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Intermediate scattering potential strength in electron-irradiated $\text{YBa}_{2}\text{Cu}_{3}\text{O}_{7-δ}$ from London penetration depth measurements
Creators: name: Cho, Kyuil
name: Konczykowski, M.
name: Teknowijoyo, S.
name: Ghimire, S.
name: Tanatar, M. A.
name: Mishra, Vivek
name: Prozorov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temperature-dependent London penetration depth, $λ(T)$, of a high quality optimally-doped $\text{YBa}_{2}\text{Cu}_{3}\text{O}_{7-δ}$ single crystal was measured using tunnel-diode resonator. Controlled artificial disorder was induced at low-temperature of 20~K by 2.5 MeV electron irradiation at accumulating large doses of $3.8\times10^{19}$ and $5.3\times10^{19}$ electrons per $\textrm{cm}^{2}$. The irradiation caused significant suppression of the superconductor's critical temperature, $T_{c}$, from 94.6 K to 90.0 K, and then to 78.7 K, respectively. The low-temperature behavior of $λ\left(T\right)$ evolves from a $T-$linear in pristine state to a $T^{2}-$behavior after the irradiation, expected for a line-nodal $d-$wave superconductor. However, the original theory that explained such behavior had assumed a unitary limit of the scattering potential, whereas usually in normal metals and semiconductors, Born scattering is sufficient to describe the experiment. To estimate the scattering potential strength, we calculated the normalized superfluid density, $ρ_{s}\left(t=T/T_{c}\right)=λ^{2}\left(0\right)/λ^{2}\left(t\right)$, varying the amount and the strength of non-magnetic scattering using a self-consistent $t-$matrix theory. Fitting the obtained curves to a power-law, $ρ_{s}=1-Rt^{n}$, and to a polynomial, $ρ_{s}=1-At-Bt^{2}$, and comparing the coefficients $n$ in one set, and $A$ and $B$ in another with the experimental values, we estimate the phase shift to be around 70$^{\circ}$ and 65$^{\circ}$, respectively. We correlate this result with the evolution of the density of states with non-magnetic disorder.
Radion dynamics in the Multibrane Randall-Sundrum Model
Creators: name: Cai, Haiying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radion equilibrium in the Randall-Sundrum (RS) model is guaranteed by the back-reaction of a bulk scalar field. In this paper we study an extended scenario, where an intermediate brane exists in addition to the two branes at the fixed points, due to the discontinuity of bulk cosmology constants in two spatial regions. We conducted a complete analysis of the linearized Einstein's equations after applying the Goldberger-Wise mechanism. Our result elucidates that in the presence of nonfixed point branes under the rigid assumption, a unique radion field is conjectured as legitimate in the RS metric perturbation. The cosmological expansion in this setup is briefly discussed.
description: 7 pages including appendix, final version accepted by PRD, added a discussion of cosmological expansion; v2 updated with the absence of tadpole terms in the appendix
Roller-Coaster in a Flatland: Magnetoresistivity in Eu-intercalated Graphite
Creators: name: Chernyshev, A. L.
name: Starykh, O. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel phenomena in magnetically-intercalated graphite has been a subject of much research, pioneered and promoted by M.~S. and G.~Dresselhaus and many others in the 1980s. Among the most enigmatic findings of that era was a dramatic, roller-coaster-like behavior of the magnetoresistivity in EuC$_6$ compound, in which magnetic Eu$^{2+}$ ions form a triangular lattice that is commensurate to graphite honeycomb planes. In this study, we provide a long-awaited {\it microscopic} explanation of this behavior, demonstrating that the resistivity of EuC$_6$ is dominated by spin excitations in Eu-planes and their highly nontrivial evolution with the magnetic field. Together with our theoretical analysis, the present study showcases the power of the synthetic 2D materials as a source of potentially significant insights into the nature of exotic spin excitations.
description: Nearly accepted version. +1.5 new pages (36 total) of immense pedagogical power. Embedded
Classification of divisible design graphs with at most 39 vertices
Creators: name: Panasenko, Dmitry
name: Shalaginov, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A $k$-regular graph is called a divisible design graph (DDG for short) if its vertex set can be partitioned into $m$ classes of size $n$, such that two distinct vertices from the same class have exactly $λ_1$ common neighbors, and two vertices from different classes have exactly $λ_2$ common neighbors. A DDG with $m = 1$, $n = 1$, or $λ_1 = λ_2$ is called improper, otherwise it is called proper. We present new constructions of DDGs and, using a computer enumeration algorithm, we find all proper connected DDGs with at most 39 vertices, except for three tuples of parameters: $(32,15,6,7,4,8)$, $(32,17,8,9,4,8)$, $(36,24,15,16,4,9)$.
Strong entanglement distribution of quantum networks
Creators: name: Yang, Xue
name: Yang, Yan-Han
name: Luo, Ming-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large-scale quantum networks have been employed to overcome practical constraints of transmissions and storage for single entangled systems. Our goal in this article is to explore the strong entanglement distribution of quantum networks. We firstly show any connected network consisting of generalized EPR states and GHZ states satisfies strong CKW monogamy inequality in terms of bipartite entanglement measure. This reveals interesting feature of high-dimensional entanglement with local tensor decomposition going beyond qubit entanglement. We then apply the new entanglement distribution relation in entangled networks for getting quantum max-flow min-cut theorem in terms of von Neumann entropy and Rényi-$α$ entropy. We finally classify entangled quantum networks by distinguishing network configurations under local unitary operations. These results provide new insights into characterizing quantum networks in quantum information processing.
description: 5+15 pages, 10 figures. Comments welcome
Les rues Stalingrad en France (1945-2013)
Creators: name: Desbrosse, Xavier
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2016
Subjects: Rues – Noms -- France

description: Coverage: France
description: Cette carte appartient à la collection « Guerre froide vue d’en bas » élaborée dans le cadre de l’enquête 2009-2013 du réseau des correspondants départementaux de l’IHTP « La Guerre froide vue d’en bas : 1947-1967 », enquête conduite sous la direction de Philippe Buton Professeur d’Histoire contemporaine à l’Université de Reims, d’Olivier Büttner Ingénieur de Recherche IHTP-CNRS et de Michel Hastings, Professeur de Science politique à l’Institut d’Etudes Politiques de Lille.
Estimation of Wigner distribution of single mode Gaussian states: a comparative study
Creators: name: Kumar, Chandan
name: Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we consider the estimation of single mode Gaussian states using four different measurement schemes namely: i) homodyne measurement, ii) sequential measurement, iii) Arthurs-Kelly scheme, and iv) heterodyne measurement, with a view to compare their relative performance. To that end, we work in the phase space formalism, specifically at the covariance matrix level, which provides an elegant and intuitive way to explicitly carry out involved calculations. We show that the optimal performance of the Arthurs-Kelly scheme and the sequential measurement is equal to the heterodyne measurement. While the heterodyne measurement outperforms the homodyne measurement in the mean estimation of squeezed state ensemble, the homodyne measurement outperforms the heterodyne measurement for variance estimation of squeezed state ensemble up to a certain range of squeezing parameter. We then modify the Hamiltonian in the Arthurs-Kelly scheme, such that the two meters can have correlations and show that the optimal performance is achieved when the meters are uncorrelated. We expect that the results will be useful in analyzing various quantum information and quantum communication protocols.
description: Comments are most welcome
Effects of the non-Markovianity and non-Gaussianity of active environmental noises on engine performance
Creators: name: Lee, Jae Sung
name: Park, Hyunggyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An active environment is a reservoir containing \emph{active} materials, such as bacteria and Janus particles. Given the self-propelled motion of these materials, powered by chemical energy, an active environment has unique, nonequilibrium environmental noise. Recently, studies on engines that harvest energy from active environments have attracted a great deal of attention because the theoretical and experimental findings indicate that these engines outperform conventional ones. Studies have explored the features of active environments essential for outperformance, such as the non-Gaussian or non-Markovian nature of the active noise. However, these features have not yet been systematically investigated in a general setting. Therefore, we systematically study the effects of the non-Gaussianity and non-Markovianity of active noise on engine performance. We show that non-Gaussianity is irrelevant to the performance of an engine driven by {any linear force (including a harmonic trap) regardless of time dependency}, whereas non-Markovianity is relevant. However, for a system driven by a general nonlinear force, both non-Gaussianity and non-Markovianity enhance engine performance. Also, the memory effect of an active reservoir should be considered when fabricating a cyclic engine.
description: 16 pages
Additional file 1 of A non-viral genome editing platform for site-specific insertion of large transgenes
Creators: name: Namrata Chaudhari
name: Rickard, Amanda M.
name: Suki Roy
name: Dröge, Peter
name: Harshyaa Makhija
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Extraction of $B_s \to D^{(*)}_s$ form factors from ${ N_f}=2$ lattice QCD
Creators: name: Blossier, Benoît
name: Cahue, Pierre-Henri
name: Heitger, Jochen
name: LaCesa, Simone
name: Neuendorf, Jan
name: Zafeiropoulos, Savvas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a two-flavour lattice QCD study of the $B_s \to D_s$ and $B_s \to D^*_s$ transitions parameterized, in the heavy quark limit, by the form factors ${\cal G}$, and $h_{A_1}$, $h_{A_2}$ and $h_{A_3}$, respectively. In the search for New Physics through tests of lepton flavour universality, $B_s$ decay channels are complementary to the $B$ decays widely studied at $B$ factories and LHCb, while on the theory side they can be better controlled than the $B_c$ and $Λ_b$ decays. The purpose of this exploratory two-flavour study is, in preparation for future analyses of lattice QCD simulations with ${N_f>2}$ and physical quark-masses, to gain experience on a suitable method for a lattice extraction of form factors associated with $b \to c$ currents that may yield tighter control over systematic effects like contamination from excited states and cut-off effects. We obtain the zero-recoil values ${\cal G}^{B_s \to D_s}(1)=1.03(14)$ and $h^{B_s \to D^*_s}(1)=0.85(16)$.
The origins of massive black holes
Creators: name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Habouzit, Melanie
name: Colpi, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive black holes (MBHs) inhabit galaxy centers, power luminous quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and shape their cosmic environment with the energy they produce. The origins of MBHs remain a mystery and the recent detection by LIGO/Virgo of an almost 150 solar mass black hole has revitalized the question of whether there is a continuum between "stellar" and "massive" black holes and what the seeds of MBHs are. Seeds could have formed in the first galaxies, or could be also related to the collapse of horizon-sized regions in the early Universe. Understanding the origins of MBHs straddles fundamental physics, cosmology and astrophysics and it bridges the fields of gravitational wave physics and traditional astronomy. With several facilities in the next 10-15 years we foresee the possibility of discovering MBHs' avenues of formation. In this article we link three main topics: the channels of black hole seed formation, the journey from seeds to massive black holes, the diagnostics on the origins of MBHs. We highlight and critically discuss current unsolved problems and touch on recent developments that stirred the community.
description: This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published online in Nature Reviews Physics on September 20 2021. The final authenticated version is available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s42254-021-00364-9. SharedIt link: https://rdcu.be/cx5Dq
Unconventional Superconductivity in UTe2
Creators: name: Aoki, D.
name: Brison, J. -P.
name: Flouquet, J.
name: Ishida, K.
name: Knebel, G.
name: Tokunaga, Y.
name: Yanase, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The novel spin-triplet superconductor candidate UTe2 was discovered only recently at the end of 2018 and attracted enormous attention. We review key experimental and theoretical progress which has been achieved in different laboratories. UTe2 is a heavy-fermion paramagnet, but right after the discovery of superconductivity it has been expected to be close to a ferromagnetic instability showing many similarities to the U-based ferromagnetic superconductors, URhGe and UCoGe. The competition between different types of magnetic interactions and the duality between the local and itinerant character of the 5f Uranium electrons, as well as the shift of the U valence appear as key parameters in the rich phase diagrams discovered recently under extreme conditions like low temperature, high magnetic field, and pressure. We discuss macroscopic and microscopic experiments at low temperature to clarify the normal phase properties at ambient pressure. Special attention will be given to the occurrence of a metamagnetic transition at Hm = 35 T for a magnetic field applied along the hard magnetic axis b. Adding external pressure leads to strong changes in the magnetic and electronic properties with a direct feedback on superconductivity. Attention will be given on the possible evolution of the Fermi surface as a function of magnetic field and pressure. Superconductivity in UTe2 is extremely rich exhibiting various unconventional behaviors which will be highlighted. It shows an exceptionally huge superconducting upper critical field with a re-entrant behavior under magnetic field and the occurrence of multiple superconducting phases in the temperature field, pressure phase diagram. There is evidence for spin-triplet pairing. The different theoretical approaches will be described. Notably we discuss that UTe2 is a possible example for the realization of a fascinating topological superconductor.
description: 47 pages, 53 figures, submitted to J. Phys.: Condens. Matter as "Topical Review"
Additional file 1 of Lifetime survival and medical costs of lung cancer: a semi-parametric estimation from South Korea
Creators: name: Hae-Young Park
name: Jinseub Hwang
name: Do-Hyang Kim
name: Jeon, Soo Min
name: Choi, Sun Ha
name: Kwon, Jin-Won
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure A.1. Target subject selection scheme. Table A.1. Comparison of 10-year survival estimates between the semi-parametric extrapolation method (5-year follow-up and 5-year extrapolation) and the Kaplan–Meier method (10-year follow-up). Table A.2. Sensitivity analysis in the lifetime of 20 years. Table A.3. Sensitivity analysis in the lifetime of 30 years.
Dissipation and gate timing errors in SWAP operations of qubits
Creators: name: Foulk, Nathan L.
name: Throckmorton, Robert E.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine how dissipation and gate timing errors affect the fidelity of a sequence of SWAP gates on a chain of interacting qubits in comparison to noise in the interqubit interaction. Although interqubit interaction noise and gate timing errors are always present in any qubit platform, dissipation is a special case that can arise in multivalley semiconductor spin qubit systems, such as Si-based qubits, where dissipation may be used as a general model for valley leakage. In our Hamiltonian, each qubit is coupled via Heisenberg exchange to every other qubit in the chain, with the strength of the exchange interaction decreasing exponentially with distance between the qubits. Dissipation is modeled through the term $-iγ\mathbf{1}$ in the Hamiltonian, and $γ$ is chosen so as to be consistent with the experimentally observed intervalley tunneling in Si. We show that randomness in the dissipation parameter should have little to no effect on the SWAP gate fidelity in the currently fabricated Si circuits. We introduce quasistatic noise in the interqubit interaction and random gate timing error and average the fidelities over 10,000 realizations for each set of parameters. The fidelities are then plotted against $J_\text{SWAP}$, the strength of the exchange coupling corresponding to the SWAP gate. We find that dissipation decreases the fidelity of the SWAP operation -- though the effect is small compared to that of the known noise in the interqubit interaction -- and that gate timing error creates an effective optimal value of $J_\text{SWAP}$, beyond which infidelity begins to increase.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Emphasized that this work is quite general regarding dissipative effects on SWAP gates and is not limited to silicon based qubits. This is the published version
Additional file 1 of Impact of smoking amount on clinicopathological features and survival in non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Ban, Woo Ho
name: Yeo, Chang Dong
name: Solji Han
name: Kang, Hye Seon
name: Park, Chan Kwon
name: Kim, Ju Sang
name: Kim, Jin Woo
name: Kim, Seung Joon
name: Lee, Sang Haak
name: Kim, Sung Kyoung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire used when collecting data in this study.
Open F-branes
Creators: name: Hatsuda, Machiko
name: Siegel, Warren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We include in F-theory, through open Type I F-theory branes (F-branes), string theories with N = 1 supersymmetry, both Type I and heterotic. Type I branes are distinguished from Type II by worldvolume parity projection. The same open Type I branes describe both open Type I superstrings and closed heterotic upon different sectionings from F-branes to worldsheets, while closed Type I superstrings arise from closed Type I branes. (Type II superstrings come from closed Type II branes, as described previously.) F-theory manifests the exceptional-group U-duality symmetry, with all massless bosonic fields in a single gauge coset. This coset branches to the usual bosonic supergravity fields upon sectioning. We examine in detail the simple case of D = 3 F-theory: Parity projection reduces the Type II coset SL(5)/SO(3,2) to the Type I coset SO(3,3)/SO(2,1)2 = SL(4)/SO(2,2).
description: 25 pages, 2 figures; v2: explanations and references added, published in JHEP