cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lagrangian Tetrad Dynamics and the Phenomenology of Turbulence
Creators: name: Chertkov, Michael
name: Pumir, Alain
name: Shraiman, Boris I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new phenomenological model of turbulent fluctuations is constructed by considering the Lagrangian dynamics of 4 points (the tetrad). The closure of the equations of motion is achieved by postulating an anisotropic, i.e. tetrad shape dependent, relation of the local pressure and the velocity gradient defined on the tetrad. The non-local contribution to the pressure and the incoherent small scale fluctuations are modeled as Gaussian white "noise". The resulting stochastic model for the coarse-grained velocity gradient is analyzed approximately, yielding predictions for the probability distribution functions of different 2nd and 3d order invariants. The results are compared with the direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes. The model provides a reasonable representation of the non-linear dynamics involved in energy transfer and vortex stretching and allows to study interesting aspects of the statistical geometry of turbulence, e.g. vorticity/strain alignment. In a state with a constant energy flux (and K41 power spectrum) it exhibits the anomalous scaling of high moments associated with formation of high gradient sheets - events associated with large energy transfer. An approach to the more complete analysis of the stochastic model, properly including the effect of fluctuations, is outlined and will enable further quantitative juxtaposition of the model with the results of the DNS.
description: 33 pages, 20 encapsulated figures, RevTeX, To appear in Physics of Fluids
Weakly Supervised Point Clouds Transformer for 3D Object Detection
Creators: name: Tang, Zuojin
name: Sun, Bo
name: Ma, Tongwei
name: Li, Daosheng
name: Xu, Zhenhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The annotation of 3D datasets is required for semantic-segmentation and object detection in scene understanding. In this paper we present a framework for the weakly supervision of a point clouds transformer that is used for 3D object detection. The aim is to decrease the required amount of supervision needed for training, as a result of the high cost of annotating a 3D datasets. We propose an Unsupervised Voting Proposal Module, which learns randomly preset anchor points and uses voting network to select prepared anchor points of high quality. Then it distills information into student and teacher network. In terms of student network, we apply ResNet network to efficiently extract local characteristics. However, it also can lose much global information. To provide the input which incorporates the global and local information as the input of student networks, we adopt the self-attention mechanism of transformer to extract global features, and the ResNet layers to extract region proposals. The teacher network supervises the classification and regression of the student network using the pre-trained model on ImageNet. On the challenging KITTI datasets, the experimental results have achieved the highest level of average precision compared with the most recent weakly supervised 3D object detectors.
description: International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), 2022
Solutions of gauge invariant cosmological perturbations in long-wavelength limit
Creators: name: Nambu, Yasusada
name: Taruya, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate gauge invariant cosmological perturbations in a spatially flat Friedman-Robertson-Walker universe with scalar fields. It is well known that the evolution equation for the gauge invariant quantities has exact solutions in the long-wavelength limit. We find that these gauge invariant solutions can be obtained by differentiating the background solution with respect to parameters contained in the background system. This method is very useful when we analyze the long-wavelength behavior of cosmological perturbation with multiple scalar fields.
description: 17 pages, will appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Uniqueness of the extremal Schwarzschild de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Katona, David
name: Lucietti, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83C57 (primary) 83C05 (secondary)

description: We prove that any analytic vacuum spacetime with a positive cosmological constant in four and higher dimensions, that contains a static extremal Killing horizon with a maximally symmetric compact cross-section, must be locally isometric to either the extremal Schwarzschild de Sitter solution or its near-horizon geometry (the Nariai solution). In four-dimensions, this implies these solutions are the only analytic vacuum spacetimes that contain a static extremal horizon with compact cross-sections (up to identifications). We also consider the analogous uniqueness problem for the four-dimensional extremal hyperbolic Schwarzschild anti-de Sitter solution and show that it reduces to a spectral problem for the laplacian on compact hyperbolic surfaces, if a cohomological obstruction to the uniqueness of infinitesimal transverse deformations of the horizon is absent.
description: v2: 19 pages, 1 figure; accepted version. Corrected first order deformations for negative cosmological constant case (now Proposition 2) and added Appendix B, main results unchanged
Boundary fields and renormalization group flow in the two-matrix model
Creators: name: Carroll, Sean
name: Ortiz, Miguel
name: Taylor, Washington
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Ising model on a random surface with a boundary magnetic field using matrix model techniques. We are able to exactly calculate the disk amplitude, boundary magnetization and bulk magnetization in the presence of a boundary field. The results of these calculations can be interpreted in terms of renormalization group flow induced by the boundary operator. In the continuum limit this RG flow corresponds to the flow from non-conformal to conformal boundary conditions which has recently been studied in flat space theories.
description: 31 pages, Latex
Additional file 1: of Frequency of pathogenic germline variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, CHEK2 and TP53 in ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed in women under the age of 50â years
Creators: name: Petridis, Christos
name: Iteeka Arora
name: Shah, Vandna
name: Megalios, Anargyros
name: Moss, Charlotte
name: Mera, Anca
name: Clifford, Angela
name: Gillett, Cheryl
name: Pinder, Sarah
name: Tomlinson, Ian
name: Roylance, Rebecca
name: Simpson, Michael
name: Sawyer, Elinor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Targeted sequencing panel. (DOCX 19 kb)
Deformed Matrix Theories with N=8 and Fivebranes in the PP Wave Background
Creators: name: Kim, Nakwoo
name: Lee, Kimyeong M.
name: Yi, Piljin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M(atrix) theory is known to be mass-deformed in the pp-wave background and still retains all 16 dynamical supersymmetries. We consider generalization of such deformations on super Yang-Mills quantum mechanics (SYQM) with less supersymmetry. In particular this includes N=8 U(N) SYQM with a single adjoint and any number of fundamental hypermultiplets, which is a pp-wave deformation of DLCQ matrix theory of fivebranes. With k >= 1 fivebranes, we show that a rich vacuum structure exists, with many continuous family of solutions that preserve all dynamical supersymmetries. The vacuum moduli space contains copies of CP^{k-1} of various sizes.
description: latex file, 23 pages, no figures, typos corrected, now in JHEP style
Towards Best Practices for Historic Retrofits:  Tradeoffs for Historic Buildings’ Operating Energy Retrofits
Creators: Elias, Bruno
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Historic preservation
Historic buildings--Conservation and restoration
Environmental sustainability
Sustainable buildings
Sustainable architecture
Buildings--Retrofitting

description: The acute character of the current environmental and climate crisis underpins the urgency in considering the role the existing built stock has in this challenge of the twenty-first century. Historic properties, as part of this group, are in the unique position to capitalize on their qualitative properties and achieve verified high performances in environmental sustainability. In order to enforce change in the scale required to at least mitigate these climate challenges, regulation and policy will target historic properties’ energy performance, and energy retrofits will become commonplace. Given that a building-by-building approach to solve this performance deficit has been insufficient to produce results at scale and buildings listed - or eligible for listing - in the United States National Register of Historic Buildings have been exempted from energy codes, this research asks: 1. What is the current trend in policy making towards building performance? 2. How historic properties have been retrofitted both individually (unit) and as a group (region)? 3. What parameters or performance indicators have achieved better performance outcomes in this technology? 4. What can be a viable methodology towards improving historic building’s performance indicators through a more systemic approach, where previous outcomes inform new retrofit projects? The thesis explores the energy regulatory contexts of the United States, Brazil and Scotland, and connects the energy regulation to a set of case studies, with more complete analysis of the New York County Supreme Court, the Ford Foundation Building, and a Scottish tenement building in Glasgow. From the interpretation of the outcomes from these retrofit projects, the set of actions for policymakers and practitioners is suggested, along with the consequences of this suggested approach for historic properties at large.
Additional file 12: of Frequency of pathogenic germline variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, CHEK2 and TP53 in ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed in women under the age of 50â years
Creators: name: Petridis, Christos
name: Iteeka Arora
name: Shah, Vandna
name: Megalios, Anargyros
name: Moss, Charlotte
name: Mera, Anca
name: Clifford, Angela
name: Gillett, Cheryl
name: Pinder, Sarah
name: Tomlinson, Ian
name: Roylance, Rebecca
name: Simpson, Michael
name: Sawyer, Elinor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Frequency of variants of unknown significance and DCIS in women
Postprocessing of Ensemble Weather Forecasts Using Permutation-invariant Neural Networks
Creators: name: Höhlein, Kevin
name: Schulz, Benedikt
name: Westermann, Rüdiger
name: Lerch, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical postprocessing is used to translate ensembles of raw numerical weather forecasts into reliable probabilistic forecast distributions. In this study, we examine the use of permutation-invariant neural networks for this task. In contrast to previous approaches, which often operate on ensemble summary statistics and dismiss details of the ensemble distribution, we propose networks that treat forecast ensembles as a set of unordered member forecasts and learn link functions that are by design invariant to permutations of the member ordering. We evaluate the quality of the obtained forecast distributions in terms of calibration and sharpness and compare the models against classical and neural network-based benchmark methods. In case studies addressing the postprocessing of surface temperature and wind gust forecasts, we demonstrate state-of-the-art prediction quality. To deepen the understanding of the learned inference process, we further propose a permutation-based importance analysis for ensemble-valued predictors, which highlights specific aspects of the ensemble forecast that are considered important by the trained postprocessing models. Our results suggest that most of the relevant information is contained in a few ensemble-internal degrees of freedom, which may impact the design of future ensemble forecasting and postprocessing systems.
description: in press
Chiral excitations of magnetic droplet solitons driven by their own inertia
Creators: name: Mohseni, M.
name: Rodrigues, D. R.
name: Saghafi, M.
name: Chung, S.
name: Ahlberg, M.
name: Yazdi, H. F.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Banouazizi, S. A. H.
name: Pirro, P.
name: Åkerman, J.
name: Mohseni, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inertial effects of magnetic solitons play a crucial role in their dynamics and stability. Yet governing their inertial effects is a challenge for their use in real devices. Here, we show how to control the inertial effects of magnetic droplet solitons. Magnetic droplets are strongly nonlinear and localized autosolitons than can form in current-driven nanocontacts. Droplets can be considered as dynamical particles with an effective mass. We show that the dynamical droplet bears a second excitation under its own inertia. These excitations comprise a chiral profile, and appear when the droplet resists the force induced by the Oersted field of the current injected into the nanocontact. We reveal the role of the spin torque on the excitation of these chiral modes and we show how to control these modes using the current and the field.
description: 10 pages
Properties of stable ensembles of Euclidean random matrices
Creators: name: Baumgärtel, Philipp
name: Vogel, Florian
name: Fuchs, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectrum of a system of coupled disordered harmonic oscillators in the thermodynamic limit. This Euclidean random matrix ensemble has been suggested as model for the low-temperature vibrational properties of glass. Exact numerical diagonalization is performed in three and two spatial dimensions, which is accompanied by a detailed finite size analysis. It reveals a low-frequency regime of sound waves that are damped by Rayleigh scattering. At large frequencies localized modes exist. In between, the central peak in the vibrational density of states is well described by Wigner's semicircle law for not too large disorder, as is expected for simple random matrix systems. We compare our results with predictions from two recent self-consistent field theories.
description: revised version as published
Influence of compressibility on scaling regimes of strongly anisotropic fully developed turbulence
Creators: name: Antonov, N. V.
name: Hnatič, M.
name: Nalimov, M. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical model of strongly anisotropic fully developed turbulence of the weakly compressible fluid is considered by means of the field theoretic renormalization group. The corrections due to compressibility to the infrared form of the kinetic energy spectrum have been calculated in the leading order in Mach number expansion. Furthermore, in this approximation the validity of the Kolmogorov hypothesis on the independence of dissipation length of velocity correlation functions in the inertial range has been proved.
description: REVTEX file with EPS figures
On the interactions of Ti${_2}$AlC, Ti${_3}$AlC${_2}$, Ti${_3}$SiC${_2}$ and Cr${_2}$AlC with palladium at 900 °C
Creators: name: Bentzel, G. W.
name: Sokol, M.
name: Griggs, J.
name: Lang, A. C.
name: Barsoum, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herein we report on the reactivity between palladium, Pd, and the MAX phases, Ti${_2}$AlC, Ti${_3}$AlC${_2}$, Ti${_3}$SiC${_2}$ and Cr${_2}$AlC. Diffusion couples of Pd/MAX were heated to 900 °C under uniaxial stress of ~20 MPa for 2, 4, and 10 h in a vacuum (<1 Pa) hot press. The diffusion couples were examined using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. After heating to 900 °C for 10 h, the diffusion layer thicknesses in the Ti${_2}$AlC/Pd, Cr${_2}$AlC/Pd, Ti${_3}$AlC${_2}$/Pd and Ti${_3}$SiC${_2}$/Pd couples were found to be 35, 45, 105 and 410 mm, respectively. Thus, Ti${_2}$AlC is the most resistant to reaction, while Ti${_3}$SiC${_2}$ is least resistant, with Cr${_2}$AlC and Ti${_3}$AlC${_2}$, in between. In all cases, the reaction occurred by the diffusion of the A-group element into Pd, concomitant with Pd diffusion into the MAX phase. No diffusion of the M and X atoms was detected.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
Variation of Area Variables in Regge Calculus
Creators: name: Makela, Jarmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility to use the areas of two-simplexes, instead of lengths of edges, as the dynamical variables of Regge calculus. We show that if the action of Regge calculus is varied with respect to the areas of two-simplexes, and appropriate constraints are imposed between the variations, the Einstein-Regge equations are recovered.
description: 8 pages, no figures
LCA : batteries and fuel cells for commercial buildings in British Columbia
Creators: name: Fountain, Jacob
name: Peng, Estella (Jiayi)
name: Angeles, Neysa
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: A typical office building might consume 250 kWh at its peak hour. The existence of the ebb and flow of electricity demand is amplified when considering large areas such as cities, or even a 50,000 student university such as the University of British Columbia (UBC). Infrastructure and energy costs, in terms of emissions and dollars, are required to manage “peak”, resulting in excess capacity that still must be paid for during “off peak” hours. Based on these complications, large scale stationary storage has recently become more attractive to better optimize existing infrastructure. This report reviewed this scenario in the context of a “model building” in British Columbia. This building was modeled after the UBC University Services Building, which is similar in electricity demand or load profile as that of commercial office buildings. A life cycle analysis for zinc bromide batteries and hydrogen fuel cells specified to meet this office building demand were completed. The results were scaled to determine what emissions, costs, and peakdemand “load shaving” could result from using these technologies in a fraction of the commercial buildings identified in the Vancouver Metropolitan Area, and for a fraction of the buildings at UBC. Results were disappointing from a costs perspective, in that figures showed over $1.1B would need to be spent to reduce peak demand by 9%, or 795MW, for four hours, for Vancouver. For UBC, costs would be between $23MM (fuel cells) - $26MM (batteries) to reduce peak demand by 17.5 MW, or 37% of current load. This is in comparison to $260k to upgrade the existing 42 MVA transmission lines or ~$10MM to replace the lines with 62MVA lines, which at a 98% power factor would allow load to increase to 60MW, an increase of 13 MW from current 47 MW peak. Emissions results were encouraging, but should be noted that emissions of either technology are strongly dependent on energy consumption and source during the “use” phase. For further analysis, it is recommended that focus on the raw materials emissions and disposal energy/ emissions processes be completed. It is recommended that vendor-specific data be obtained regarding materials in terms of emissions, energy, Net Present Value (NPV) and costs. The analysis does not recommend implementation of either technology unless time-of-use electricity pricing is put in place. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
An Exactly Solvable Model of Randomly Pinned Charge Density Waves in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: O'Brien, Matthew C.
name: Fradkin, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the interplay between fluctuations and quenched random disorder is a long-standing open problem, particularly in systems with a continuous order parameter. This lack of a full theoretical treatment has been underscored by recent advances in experiments on charge density wave materials. To address this problem, we formulate an exactly solvable model of a two-dimensional randomly pinned incommensurate charge density wave, and use the large-$N$ technique to map out the phase diagram and order parameter correlations. Our approach captures the physics of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition in the clean limit at large $N$. We pay particular attention to the roles of thermal fluctuations and quenched random field disorder in destroying long-range order, finding a novel crossover between weakly- and strongly-disordered regimes.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures
Cos(M)ological Solutions in M- and String Theory
Creators: name: Kaloper, Nemanja
name: Kogan, Ian I.
name: Olive, Keith A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider solutions to the cosmological equations of motion in 11 dimensions with and without 4-form charges. We show explicitly the correspondence between some of these solutions and known solutions in 10 dimensional string gravity. New solutions involving combinations of 4-form charges are explored. We also speculate on the possibility of removing curvature singularities present in 10D theories by oxidizing to 11D.
description: 29 pages, latex, 15 ps figures, restored a missing sign in terms proportional to $Q^2$, leading to some alterations in quantitative statements, but without qualitative changes in conclusions
Prediction of superconductivity in metallic boron-carbon compounds from 0 to 100 GPa by high-throughput screening
Creators: name: Zheng, Feng
name: Sun, Yang
name: Wang, Renhai
name: Fang, Yimei
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Wu, Shunqing
name: Lin, Qiubao
name: Wang, Cai-Zhuang
name: Antropov, Vladimir
name: Ho, Kai-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boron carbon compounds have been shown to have feasible superconductivity. In our earlier paper [Zheng et al., Phys. Rev. B 107, 014508 (2023)], we identified a new conventional superconductor of LiB3C at 100 GPa. Here, we aim to extend the investigation of possible superconductivity in this structural framework by replacing Li atoms with 27 different cations under pressures ranging from 0 to 100 GPa. Using the high-throughput screening method of zone-center electron-phonon interaction, we find that ternary compounds like CaB3C, SrB3C, TiB3C, and VB3C are promising candidates for superconductivity. The consecutive calculations using the full Brillouin zone confirm that they have Tc < 31 K at moderate pressures. Our study demonstrates that fast screening of superconductivity by calculating zone-center electron-phonon coupling strength is an effective strategy for high-throughput identification of new superconductors.
ОЦЕНКА СОСТОЯНИЯ ЗУБОЧЕЛЮСТНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ И НЕКОТОРЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ЗДОРОВЬЯ МАТЕРЕЙ И ДЕТЕЙ С ВРОЖДЕННОЙ РАСЩЕЛИНОЙ ГУБЫ И НЁБА
Creators: name: Ниязова, Ю.С.
name: Тожиев, Ф.И.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Согласно медицинским исследованиям, врожденные пороки челюстно-лицевой области составляют от 13 до 30% числа всех врожденных аномалий и сопровождаются анатомическими и функциональными нарушениями зубочелюстной системы. В 7,6-41,4% случаев данная патология встречается в изолированной форме, в то время как в сочетании с другими врожденными аномалиями (с пороками развития сердца), которые также обусловлены различными мутациями, расщелины губы и нёба описаны в 21,1-61,2% случаев.
Additional file 11: of Frequency of pathogenic germline variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, CHEK2 and TP53 in ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed in women under the age of 50â years
Creators: name: Petridis, Christos
name: Iteeka Arora
name: Shah, Vandna
name: Megalios, Anargyros
name: Moss, Charlotte
name: Mera, Anca
name: Clifford, Angela
name: Gillett, Cheryl
name: Pinder, Sarah
name: Tomlinson, Ian
name: Roylance, Rebecca
name: Simpson, Michael
name: Sawyer, Elinor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Age of onset of DCIS and family history details of women with two pathogenic variants in different genes. (DOCX 19 kb)
Two-dimensional conformal field theory and beyond. Lessons from a continuing fashion
Creators: name: Todorov, I. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) has several sources: the search for simple examples of quantum field theory, the description of surface critical phenomena, the study of (super)string vacua. In the present overview of the subject we emphasize the role of CFT in bridging the gap between mathematics and quantum field theory and discuss some new physical concepts that emerged in the study of CFT models: anomalous dimensions, rational CFT, braid group statistics. In an aside, at the end of the paper, we share the misgivings, recently expressed by Penrose, about some dominant trends in fundamental theoretical physics.
description: 11 pages, LATEX
Additional file 1 of An integrated software for virus community sequencing data analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Mingjie
name: Li, Jianfeng
name: Zhang, Xiaonan
name: Han, Yue
name: Yu, Demin
name: Zhang, Donghua
name: Yuan, Zhenghong
name: Yang, Zhitao
name: Huang, Jinyan
name: Zhang, Xinxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Methods. Detailed methods for pipeline implementation and generation of data for software evaluations.
Closed String Amplitudes from Gauge Fixed String Field Theory
Creators: name: Drukker, Nadav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Closed string diagrams are derived from cubic open string field theory using a gauge fixed kinetic operator. The basic idea is to use a string propagator that does not generate a boundary to the world sheet. Using this propagator and the closed string vertex, the moduli space of closed string surfaces is covered, so closed string scattering amplitudes should be reproduced. This kinetic operator could be a gauge fixed form of the string field theory action around the closed string vacuum.
description: 10 pages, revtex, 3 figures. Discussion on the covering of moduli expanded, version to appear in PRD
Boříme mýty o open science: otevřená diskuze
Creators: name: Grofová, Šárka
name: Hanzlíková, Dagmar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: open science
open access
research data management
RDM
open data

description: Prezentace přednášky ze školení Jak podporovat open science Anotace:  Otevřená věda je opředena řadou mýtů často pramenících z nepochopení jejích principů. Poslední přednáška z naší série školení některé tyto miskoncepce otevře k diskuzi, pokusí se odhalit jejich příčiny a nabídnout vysvětlení. Závěrečná diskuze bude obsahovat případné otázky a témata z diskuzního fóra v rámci online kurzu školení. Pořadatel: Centrum pro podporu open science, Univerzita Karlova Stránky akce: https://openscience.cuni.cz/OSCI-126.html
description: Podpořeno projektem OP VVV Rozvoj kapacit pro výzkum a vývoj UK II, reg. č.: CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/18_054/0015222.
Distributions of Transition Matrix Elements in Classically Mixed Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Boose, D.
name: Main, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantitative contributions of a mixed phase-space to the mean characterizing the distribution of diagonal transition matrix elements and to the variance characterizing the distributions of non-diagonal transition matrix elements are studied. It is shown that the mean can be expressed as the sum of suitably weighted classical averages along an ergodic trajectory and along the stable periodic orbits. Similarly, it is shown that the values of the variance are well reproduced by the sum of the suitably weighted Fourier transforms of classical autocorrelation functions along an ergodic trajectory and along the stable periodic orbits. The illustrative numerical computations are done in the framework of the Hydrogen atom in a strong magnetic field, for three different values of the scaled energy.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, REVTEX, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Yang's gravitational theory
Creators: name: Guilfoyle, Brendan S.
name: Nolan, Brien C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Yang's pure space equations (C.N. Yang, Phys. Rev. Lett. v.33, p.445 (1974)) generalize Einstein's gravitational equations, while coming from gauge theory. We study these equations from a number of vantage points: summarizing the work done previously, comparing them with the Einstein equations and investigating their properties. In particular, the initial value problem is discussed and a number of results are presented for these equations with common energy-momentum tensors.
description: 28 pages, to appear in Gen. Rel. Grav
Additional file 10: of Frequency of pathogenic germline variants in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, CHEK2 and TP53 in ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed in women under the age of 50â years
Creators: name: Petridis, Christos
name: Iteeka Arora
name: Shah, Vandna
name: Megalios, Anargyros
name: Moss, Charlotte
name: Mera, Anca
name: Clifford, Angela
name: Gillett, Cheryl
name: Pinder, Sarah
name: Tomlinson, Ian
name: Roylance, Rebecca
name: Simpson, Michael
name: Sawyer, Elinor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: a: TP53 pathogenic variants in cases. b: TP53 VUS in cases. (DOCX 20 kb)
A LOFAR search for steep-spectrum pulsars in Supernova Remnants and Pulsar Wind Nebulae
Creators: name: Straal, Samayra
name: van Leeuwen, Joeri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pinpointing a pulsar in its parent supernova remnant (SNR) or resulting pulsar wind nebula (PWN) is key for understanding its formation history, and the pulsar wind mechanism. Yet, only about half the SNRs and PWNe appear associated with a pulsar. We aim to find the pulsars in a sample of eight known and new SNRs and PWNe. Using the LOFAR radio telescope at 150 MHz, each source was observed for 3 hours. We covered the entire remnants where needed, by employing many tied-array beams to tile out even the largest objects. For objects with a confirmed point source or PWN we constrained our search to those lines of sight. We identify a promising radio pulsar candidate towards PWN G141.2+5.0. The candidate, PSR J0337+61, has a period of 94 ms and a DM of 226 pc cm$^{-3}$. We re-observed the source twice with increased sensitivities of 30% and 50% but did not re-detect it. It thus remains unconfirmed. For our other sources we obtain very stringent upper limits of 0.8-3.1 mJy at 150 MHz. Generally we can rule out that the pulsars travelled out of the remnant. From these strict limits we conclude our non-detections towards point-sources and PWNe are the result of beaming and propagation effects. Some of the remaining SNRs should host a black hole rather than a neutron star.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
title: Braunschweigische Anzeigen : offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt. 63. Jahr 1807
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Waisenhaus-Buchdruckerei
Year: 1807
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigische Anzeigen: offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt, vol. 63. 1807
title: Braunschweigische Anzeigen : offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt. 66. Jahr 1810
title: Öffentliche Anzeigen für das Königl. Westfälische Oker-Departement
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Waisenhaus-Buchdruckerei
Year: 1810
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigische Anzeigen: offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt, vol. 66. 1810
Additional file 2 of Combined proteomics, metabolomics and physiological analyses of rice growth and grain yield with heavy nitrogen application before and after drought
Creators: name: Du, Jie
name: Shen, Tianhua
name: Xiong, Qiangqiang
name: Zhu, Changlan
name: Peng, Xiaosong
name: He, Xiaopeng
name: Fu, Junru
name: Ouyang, Linjuan
name: Bian, Jianmin
name: Hu, Lifang
name: Sun, Xiaotang
name: Zhou, Dahu
name: He, Haohua
name: Zhong, Lei
name: Chen, Xiaorong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Multivariate statistical analysis score plots and response ranking test plots of ‘Wufengyou 286’ under heavy nitrogen application before and after drought. (A) Principal component analysis; (B) PLS-DA; (C) OPLS-DA; (D) Response ranking check diagram for OPLS-DA models.
Concerted Metal Cation Desorption and Proton Transfer on Deprotonated Silica Surfaces
Creators: name: Leung, Kevin
name: Criscenti, Louise J.
name: Knight, Andrew W.
name: Ilgen, Anastasia G.
name: Ho, Tuan A.
name: Greathouse, Jeffery A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adsorption equilibrium constants of monovalent and divalent cations to material surfaces in aqueous media are central to many technological, natural, and geochemical processes. Cation adsorption/desorption is often proposed to occur in concert with proton-transfer on hydroxyl-covered mineral surfaces, but so far this cooperative effect has been inferred indirectly. This work applies Density Functional Theory (DFT)-based molecular dynamics simulations of explicit liquid water/mineral interfaces to calculate metal ion desorption free energies. Monodentate adsorption of Na(+), Mg(2+), and Cu(2+) on partially deprotonated silica surfaces are considered. Na(+) is predicted to be unbound, while Cu(2+) exhibits larger binding free energies to surface SiO(-) groups than Mg(2+). The predicted trends agree with competitive adsorption measurements on fumed silica surfaces. As desorption proceeds, Cu(2+) dissociates one of the H2O molecules in its first solvation shell, turning into Cu(2+)O(-)(H2O)(3), while Mg remains Mg(2+)(H2O)(6). The protonation state of the SiO(-) group at the initial binding site does not vary monotonically with cation desorption.
description: 4 figures
The Black Hole: Scatterer, Absorber and Emitter of Particles
Creators: name: Sanchez, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate and powerful computational methods developed by the author for the wave scattering by black holes allow to obtain the highly non trivial total absorption spectrum of the Black Hole. As well as partial wave phase shifts and cross sections (elastic and inelastic), the angular distribution of absorbed and scattered waves, and the Hawking emission rates. The exact total absorption spectrum of waves by the Black Hole has as a function of frequency a remarkable oscillatory behaviour characteristic of a diffraction pattern. This is an unique distinctive feature of the black hole absorption, and due to its r = 0 singularity. Ordinary absorptive bodies and optical models do not present these features. The unitarity optical theorem is generalized to the Black Hole case explicitly showing that absorption ocurrs only at the origin. All these results allow to understand and reproduce the Black Hole absorption spectrum in terms of Fresnel-Kirchoff diffraction theory: by the interference of the absorbed rays arriving at the origin through different optical paths. These fundamental features of the Black Hole Absorption will be present for generic higher dimensional Black Hole backgrounds, and whatever the low energy effective theory they arise from. In recent and increasing litterature devoted to compute absorption cross sections (grey body factors) of black holes (whatever ordinary, stringy, D-braned), the fundamental remarkable features of the Black Hole Absorption spectrum are overlooked.
description: 19 pages Latex, 4 ps Figures, uses epsfig and psfrag
The TagRec Framework as a Toolkit for the Development of Tag-Based Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Kowald, Dominik
name: Kopeinik, Simone
name: Lex, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommender systems have become important tools to support users in identifying relevant content in an overloaded information space. To ease the development of recommender systems, a number of recommender frameworks have been proposed that serve a wide range of application domains. Our TagRec framework is one of the few examples of an open-source framework tailored towards developing and evaluating tag-based recommender systems. In this paper, we present the current, updated state of TagRec, and we summarize and reflect on four use cases that have been implemented with TagRec: (i) tag recommendations, (ii) resource recommendations, (iii) recommendation evaluation, and (iv) hashtag recommendations. To date, TagRec served the development and/or evaluation process of tag-based recommender systems in two large scale European research projects, which have been described in 17 research papers. Thus, we believe that this work is of interest for both researchers and practitioners of tag-based recommender systems.
description: https://github.com/learning-layers/TagRec
Additional file 2: of BacTag - a pipeline for fast and accurate gene and allele typing in bacterial sequencing data based on database preprocessing
Creators: name: Khachatryan, Lusine
name: Kraakman, Margriet
name: Bernards, Alexandra
name: Laros, Jeroen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Flanking sequences. Flanking sequences used for the E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. pseudintermedius, P. gingivalis, M. bovis, Borrelia spp. and Streptomyces spp. MLST databases preprocessing. (PDF 86 kb)
Additional file 3: of BacTag - a pipeline for fast and accurate gene and allele typing in bacterial sequencing data based on database preprocessing
Creators: name: Khachatryan, Lusine
name: Kraakman, Margriet
name: Bernards, Alexandra
name: Laros, Jeroen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Results of real sequencing data analysis. Summary of WGS E. coli and K. pneumoniae samples used for pipeline testing and the results of these tests. (PDF 97 kb)
Self-organized evolution in socio-economic environments
Creators: name: Arenas, A.
name: Diaz-Guilera, A.
name: Perez, C. J.
name: Vega-Redondo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general scenario to analyze social and economic changes in modern environments. We illustrate the ideas with a model that incorporating the main trends is simple enough to extract analytical results and, at the same time, sufficiently complex to display a rich dynamic behavior. Our study shows that there exists a macroscopic observable that is maximized in a regime where the system is critical, in the sense that the distribution of events follow power-laws. Computer simulations show that, in addition, the system always self-organizes to achieve the optimal performance in the stationary state.
description: 4 pages RevTeX; needs epsf.sty and rotate.sty; submitted to Phys Rev Lett
title: Braunschweigische Anzeigen : offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt. 69. Jahr 1813
title: Öffentliche Anzeigen für das Königl. Westfälische Oker-Departement
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Waisenhaus-Buchdruckerei
Year: 1813
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigische Anzeigen: offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt, vol. 69. 1813
Fermion mixing in quasi-free states
Creators: name: Hannabuss, K. C.
name: Latimer, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum field theoretic treatments of fermion oscillations are typically restricted to calculations in Fock space. In this letter we extend the oscillation formulae to include more general quasi-free states, and also consider the case when the mixing is not unitary.
description: 10 pages, Plain TeX
Chiral fermion on quantum computers
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Arata
name: Hayata, Tomoya
name: Nakayama, Katsumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computation often suffers from artificial symmetry breaking. We should strive to suppress the artifact both by theoretical and technological improvements. The theoretical formalism of the lattice fermion with exact chiral symmetry is called the chiral fermion. In this presentation, we show how the chiral fermion describes chiral physics in quantum computing. We also show that, although a drawback of the chiral fermion is large computational cost, there is a loophole in one dimension.
description: Talk given at the 40th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE2023)
Dualities Compositeness and Spacetime Structure of 4d Extreme Stringy Black Holes
Creators: name: Cadoni, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the BPS black hole solutions of the (truncated) action for heterotic string theory compactified on a six-torus. The O(3,Z) duality symmetry of the theory, together with the bound state interpretation of extreme black holes, is used to generate the whole spectrum of the solutions. The corresponding spacetime structures, written in terms of the string metric, are analyzed in detail. In particular, we show that only the elementary solutions present naked singularities. The bound states have either null singularities (electric solutions) or are regular (magnetic or dyonic solutions) with near-horizon geometries given by the product of two 2d spaces of constant curvature. The behavior of some of these solutions as supersymmetric attractors is discussed. We also show that our approach is very useful to understand some of the puzzling features of charged black hole solutions in string theory.
description: 17 pages, LaTex, no figures
title: Braunschweigische Anzeigen : offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt. 61. Jahr 1805
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Fürstliche Waisenhaus-Buchdruckerei
Year: 1805
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigische Anzeigen: offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt, vol. 61. 1805