cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Azimuthal asymmetries from $θ$ Vacuum
Creators: name: Yang, Weihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete azimuthal asymmetries at leading twist in terms of fragmentation functions in dihadron production semi-inclusive electron positron annihilation process. When the non-trivial $θ$ vacuum is taken into consideration, the parity symmetry of quantum chromodynamics is violated. As a consequence of the $local$ $\mathcal{P}$-odd effects, $\mathcal{P}$-odd fragmentation functions would contribute to the azimuthal asymmetries. Azimuthal asymmetry coming from two interference terms with opposite signs vanishes when sum over many events. This symmetry only survives on the event-by-event basis. Azimuthal asymmetry coming from two interference terms with same signs survives and can be measured to extract the $\mathcal{P}$-odd fragmentation functions. We also present the hadron polarizations.
Double Bubbles Minimize
Creators: name: Hass, Joel
name: Schlafly, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10; 49Q05

description: The classical isoperimetric inequality in R^3 states that the surface of smallest area enclosing a given volume is a sphere. We show that the least area surface enclosing two equal volumes is a double bubble, a surface made of two pieces of round spheres separated by a flat disk, meeting along a single circle at an angle of 120 degrees.
description: 57 pages, 32 figures. Includes the complete code for a C++ program as described in the article. You can obtain this code by viewing the source of this article
title: Aktivierung und Reflexion – Methoden für Kleingruppenarbeit am Beispiel des Gruppenmentorings in der Weiterbildung Allgemeinmedizin zum Thema Resilienz
Creators: name: Messemaker, Anne
name: Sonntag, Ulrike
name: Mauer, Daniela
name: Fitzgerald, Anne
name: Rösel, Sophie-Anabelle
name: Broermann, Marischa
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Deutschlandweit konnten inzwischen 10 Mentoringprogramme in der Weiterbildung Allgemeinmedizin an Kompetenzzentren erfolgreich etabliert werden, welche sich auf Mentoring in Kleingruppen fokussieren. Ziel der geleiteten Mentoringtreffen ist die persönliche Entwicklung des Mentees in[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
Additional file 13 of Dissection of canopy layer-specific genetic control of leaf angle in Sorghum bicolor by RNA sequencing
Creators: name: Natukunda, Martha I.
name: Mantilla-Perez, Maria B.
name: Graham, Michelle A.
name: Liu, Peng
name: Salas-Fernandez, Maria G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 13: Supplementary Table S7. Hormonal-responsive candidate genes co-localizing with leaf angle QTL on other chromosomes, and homologs in rice (Oryza sativa-Os), maize (Zea mays-Zm), and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana-At).
Slow relaxation in weakly open vertex-splitting rational polygons
Creators: name: Kokshenev, Valery B.
name: Vicentini, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of splitting effects by vertex angles is discussed for nonintegrable rational polygonal billiards. A statistical analysis of the decay dynamics in weakly open polygons is given through the orbit survival probability. Two distinct channels for the late-time relaxation of type 1/t^delta are established. The primary channel, associated with the universal relaxation of ''regular'' orbits, with delta = 1, is common for both the closed and open, chaotic and nonchaotic billiards. The secondary relaxation channel, with delta > 1, is originated from ''irregular'' orbits and is due to the rationality of vertices.
description: Key words: Dynamics of systems of particles, control of chaos, channels of relaxation. 21 pages, 4 figures
title: Herausforderungen bei sektorübergreifenden Forschungsprojekten – Erfahrungen aus der KARDIO-Studie
Creators: name: Fleer, Sebastian
name: Gágyor, Ildikó
name: Schmitting, Sarah
name: Vollmar, Horst Christian
name: Hilliges, Carmen
name: Hummers, Eva
name: Fahrenkrog, Sandra
name: Sturz, Thomas
name: Heintze, Christoph
name: Schloessler, Kathrin
name: Donner-Banzhoff, Norbert
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Die Rekrutierung von Patienten gehört zu den wichtigsten Erfolgskriterien einer Studie. Aufgrund der Stärkung der Allgemeinmedizin an den Universitäten sind unsere Abteilungen zunehmend in die Lage, Projekte in verschiedenen Versorgungssektoren zu koordinieren. Hierbei stellt[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
Multibracket simple Lie algebras
Creators: name: de Azcarraga, J. A.
name: Bueno, J. C. Perez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce higher-order (or multibracket) simple Lie algebras that generalize the ordinary Lie algebras. Their `structure constants' are given by Lie algebra cohomology cocycles which, by virtue of being such, satisfy a suitable generalization of the Jacobi identity. Finally, we introduce a nilpotent, complete BRST operator associated with the l multibracket algebras which are based on a given simple Lie algebra of rank l.
description: Latex file; 5 pages. Some latex problems solved. Talk given at the XXI International Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics. July 1996, Goslar, Germany. To appear in the Proceedings
Within trial cost-utility analysis of disease management program for patients hospitalised with atrial fibrillation: results from the SAFETY Trial
Creators: name: Byrnes, Joshua
name: Jocasta Ball
name: Gao, Lan
name: Yih Kai Chan
name: Sanjeewa Kularatna
name: Stewart, Simon
name: Scuffham, Paul A
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: The potential impact of disease management to optimize quality of care, health outcomes and total healthcare costs across a range of cardiac disease states is unknown. Methods: A trial-based cost-utility analysis was conducted alongside a randomized controlled trial of 335 patients with chronic, non-valvular AF (without heart failure; the SAFETY Trial) discharged to home from three tertiary referral hospitals in Australia. A home-based disease management intervention (the SAFETY intervention) that involved community-based AF care including home visits was compared to routine primary health care and hospital outpatient follow-up (standard management). Bootstrapped incremental cost-utility ratios were computed based on quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and total healthcare costs. Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves were constructed to explore the probability of the SAFETY intervention being cost-effective. We performed sub-group analyses based on age and sex to determine differential cost-effectiveness. Results: During median follow-up of 1.75 years, the SAFETY intervention was associated with a non-statistically significant increase in QALYs (0.02 per person) and lower total healthcare costs (-$4,375 per person). Although each of these findings were not statistically significant, the SAFETY intervention was found to be dominant (more effective and cost saving) in 58.8% of the bootstrapped iterations and cost-effective (more effective and gains in QALYs achieved at or below $50,000 per QALY gained) in 61.5% of the iterations. Males and those aged less than 78 years achieved greater gains in QALYs and savings in health care costs. The estimated value of perfect information in Australia (the monetised value of removing uncertainty in the cost-effectiveness results) was A$51 million, thus demonstrating the high potential gain from further research. Conclusions: Compared with standard management, the SAFETY intervention is potentially a dominant strategy for those with chronic, non-valvular AF. However, there would be substantial value in reducing the uncertainty in these estimates from further research. Trial registration: the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTRN 12610000221055).
Coalescence preference and droplet size inequality during fluid phase segregation
Creators: name: Roy, Sutapa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular dynamics simulations and scaling arguments, we investigate the coalescence preference dynamics of liquid droplets in a phase-segregating off-critical, single-component fluid. It is observed that the preferential distance of the product drop from its larger parent, during a coalescence event, gets smaller for large parent size inequality. The relative coalescence position exhibits a power-law dependence on the parent size ratio with an exponent $q \simeq 3.1$. This value of $q$ is in strong contrast with earlier reports $2.02$ and $5.01$ in the literature. The dissimilarity is explained by considering the underlying coalescence mechanisms.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Magnetism trends in doped Ce-Cu intermetallics in the vicinity of quantum criticality: realistic Kondo lattice models based on dynamical mean-field theory
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Munehisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum critical point (QCP) in the archetypical heavy-fermion compound CeCu$_6$ doped by Au is described, accounting for the localized $4f$-electron of Ce, using realistic electronic structure calculations combined with dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). Magnetism trends in Ce(Cu$_{1-ε}$Au$_ε$)$_6$ are compared with those in Co-doped CeCu$_{5}$, which resides on the non-ferromagnetic side of the composition space of one of the earliest rare-earth permanent magnet compounds, Ce(Co,Cu)$_5$. The construction of a realistic Doniach phase diagram shows that the system crosses over a magnetic quantum critical point in the Kondo lattice in $0.2
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Materials
Generating Weighted MAX-2-SAT Instances of Tunable Difficulty with Frustrated Loops
Creators: name: Pei, Yan Ru
name: Manukian, Haik
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: F.2.0; G.3; I.2.0

description: Many optimization problems can be cast into the maximum satisfiability (MAX-SAT) form, and many solvers have been developed for tackling such problems. To evaluate a MAX-SAT solver, it is convenient to generate hard MAX-SAT instances with known solutions. Here, we propose a method of generating weighted MAX-2-SAT instances inspired by the frustrated-loop algorithm used by the quantum annealing community. We extend the algorithm for instances of general bipartite couplings, with the associated optimization problem being the minimization of the restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM) energy over the nodal values, which is useful for effectively pre-training the RBM. The hardness of the generated instances can be tuned through a central parameter known as the frustration index. Two versions of the algorithm are presented: the random- and structured-loop algorithms. For the random-loop algorithm, we provide a thorough theoretical and empirical analysis on its mathematical properties from the perspective of frustration, and observe empirically a double phase transition behavior in the hardness scaling behavior driven by the frustration index. For the structured-loop algorithm, we show that it offers an improvement in hardness over the random-loop algorithm in the regime of high loop density, with the variation of hardness tunable through the concentration of frustrated weights.
description: 38 pages, 9 figures
Discovery of Novel Ferroptosis Regulators Using Genetic and Lipidomic Analyses
Creators: Bezjian, Carla Tara
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cytology
Molecular biology
Biochemistry
Cell death
Genetic regulation
Phospholipids

description: Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that results in an accumulation of toxic lipid hydroperoxides. It has been implicated in several human disease models, including cancers, organ failure, and neurodegeneration. Identifying novel regulators and biomarkers for ferroptosis can result in identification of disease states where treatment with ferroptotic inducers or inhibitors can result in a positive outcome for a patient. In this thesis, I will describe several methods that were used to identify novel genetic regulators of ferroptosis. A CRISPR-Cas9-mediated, whole-genome loss of function screen identified several gene knockouts that resulted in a protective phenotype against ferroptosis. These genes were found to play a role in antioxidant response, glutathione bioavailability, and/or labile iron homeostasis consistent with the current model of ferroptotic cell death. Alternatively, a CRISPR-dCas9-mediated whole genome activation screen found Gch1 overexpression to have a potent anti-ferroptotic effect. Gch1 overexpression resulted in an increase to the basal levels of endogenous antioxidants including BH₄ and CoQ₁₀, as well as protection of a specific class of phospholipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acyl (PUFA) chains. This multipronged defense resulted in strong suppression of ferroptosis. Additionally, we were interested in the protection of this unusual class of phospholipids with two PUFA tails, and if their enrichment would result in a change in sensitivity to ferroptosis. We found that the degrees of unsaturation of the acyl chains, as well as differences in head groups of the phospholipids resulted in significant differences in the ability of the phospholipids to induce a strong ferroptotic response. The study of their uptake, subcellular localization, and remodeling pathways can further elucidate biological pathways of ferroptosis.
Additional file 3 of Dissection of canopy layer-specific genetic control of leaf angle in Sorghum bicolor by RNA sequencing
Creators: name: Natukunda, Martha I.
name: Mantilla-Perez, Maria B.
name: Graham, Michelle A.
name: Liu, Peng
name: Salas-Fernandez, Maria G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure S3. Heatmap summarizing expression patterns of genes of the liguleless family Sobic.006G247700 (LG1), Sobic.003G363600 (LG2), Sobic.003G144200 (LG3), Sobic.009G030200 (LG4) and Sobic.010G137400 (LGN-R).
Generalized Poisson structures
Creators: name: de Azcarraga, J. A.
name: Perelomov, A. M.
name: Bueno, J. C. Perez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: New generalized Poisson structures are introduced by using skew-symmetric contravariant tensors of even order. The corresponding `Jacobi identities' are given by the vanishing of the Schouten-Nijenhuis bracket. As an example, we provide the linear generalized Poisson structures which can be constructed on the dual spaces of simple Lie algebras.
description: Latex file; 5 pages. Some latex problems solved. Talk given at the XXI International Colloquium on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics. July 1996, Goslar, Germany. To appear in the Proceedings
Structural characterization of forced degradation products of empagliflozin by high resolution mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Niguram, Prakash
name: Abhijeet S. Kate
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Eleven unique degradation products (DPs) of empagliflozin (EGF), a sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitor have been reported for the first time. These DPs were generated as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines Q1 (R2) using stress conditions such as acid, base hydrolysis and oxidative environment. The sum of 12 DPs have been successfully resolved by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) method involving Eclipse plus C18 RRHD (2.1 × 50 mm, 1.8µm) column and mobile phase comprising of water with 0.1% formic acid and methanol in 1:1 quotient. Structure of DPs and the degradation pathways have been proposed on the basis of accurate mass and MS/MS fragmentation pattern acquired through Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer (LC-ESI-QTOF-MS). It has been observed that maximum DPs were formed during acid hydrolysis and the major ones were (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-(((S)-1,4-dihydroxybutan-2-yl)oxy)benzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (DP1) and (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-(4-chloro-3-(4-hydroxybenzyl)phenyl)-6-(hydroxymethyl) tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (DP2) generated due to ring opening of tetrahydrofuran moiety and elimination of tetrahydrofuran ring respectively. The proposed structures of DPs and their associated pathways will be essential for optimization of manufacturing and quality control parameters of EGF.
Coherent long-range transfer of angular momentum between magnon Kittel modes by phonons
Creators: name: An, Kyongmo
name: Litvinenko, Artem N.
name: Kohno, Ryuhei
name: Fuad, Aufa A.
name: Naletov, Vladimir V.
name: Vila, Laurent
name: Ebels, Ursula
name: de Loubens, Grégoire
name: Hurdequint, Hervé
name: Beaulieu, Nathan
name: Youssef, Jamal Ben
name: Vukadinovic, Nicolas
name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
name: Slavin, Andrei N.
name: Tiberkevich, Vasil S.
name: Klein, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ferromagnetic resonance in the normal configuration of an electrically insulating magnetic bilayer consisting of two yttrium iron garnet (YIG) films epitaxially grown on both sides of a 0.5-mm-thick nonmagnetic gadolinium gallium garnet (GGG) slab. An interference pattern is observed and it is explained as the strong coupling of the magnetization dynamics of the two YIG layers either in phase or out of phase by the standing transverse sound waves, which are excited through a magnetoelastic interaction. This coherent mediation of angular momentum by circularly polarized phonons through a nonmagnetic material over macroscopic distances can be useful for future information technologies.
On Infravacua and the Localisation of Sectors
Creators: name: Kunhardt, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T05

description: A certain class of superselection sectors of the free massless scalar field in 3 space dimensions is considered. It is shown that these sectors, which cannot be localised with respect to the vacuum, acquire a much better localisation, namely in spacelike cones, when viewed in front of suitable ``infravacuum'' backgrounds. These background states coincide, essentially, with a class of states introduced by Kraus, Polley and Reents as models for clouds of infrared radiation.
description: LaTeX, 18 pages, minor corrections in order to conform with published version
Additional file 6 of Dissection of canopy layer-specific genetic control of leaf angle in Sorghum bicolor by RNA sequencing
Creators: name: Natukunda, Martha I.
name: Mantilla-Perez, Maria B.
name: Graham, Michelle A.
name: Liu, Peng
name: Salas-Fernandez, Maria G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Figure S6. RNA-seq pipeline used for the study.
Evanescent-wave trapping and evaporative cooling of an atomic gas near two-dimensionality
Creators: name: Hammes, M.
name: Rychtarik, D.
name: Engeser, B.
name: Nägerl, H. -C.
name: Grimm, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dense gas of cesium atoms at the crossover to two-dimensionality is prepared in a highly anisotropic surface trap that is realized with two evanescent light waves. Temperatures as low as 100nK are reached with 20.000 atoms at a phase-space density close to 0.1. The lowest quantum state in the tightly confined direction is populated by more than 60%. The system offers intriguing prospects for future experiments on degenerate quantum gases in two dimensions.
Within trial cost-utility analysis of disease management program for patients hospitalized with atrial fibrillation: results from the SAFETY trial
Creators: name: Byrnes, Joshua
name: Jocasta Ball
name: Gao, Lan
name: Yih Kai Chan
name: Sanjeewa Kularatna
name: Stewart, Simon
name: Scuffham, Paul A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: The potential impact of disease management to optimize quality of care, health outcomes, and total healthcare costs across a range of cardiac disease states is unknown. Methods: A trial-based cost-utility analysis was conducted alongside a randomized controlled trial of 335 patients with chronic, non-valvular AF (without heart failure; the SAFETY Trial) discharged to home from three tertiary referral hospitals in Australia. A home-based disease management intervention (the SAFETY intervention) that involved community-based AF care including home visits was compared to routine primary healthcare and hospital outpatient follow-up (standard management). Bootstrapped incremental cost-utility ratios were computed based on quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and total healthcare costs. Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves were constructed to explore the probability of the SAFETY intervention being cost-effective. Sub-group analyses were performed based on age and sex to determine differential cost-effectiveness. Results: During median follow-up of 1.75 years, the SAFETY intervention was associated with a non-statistically significant increase in QALYs (0.02 per person) and lower total healthcare costs (–$4,375 per person). Although each of these findings were not statistically significant, the SAFETY intervention was found to be dominant (more effective and cost saving) in 58.8% of the bootstrapped iterations and cost-effective (more effective and gains in QALYs achieved at or below $50,000 per QALY gained) in 61.5% of the iterations. Males and those aged less than 78 years achieved greater gains in QALYs and savings in healthcare costs. The estimated value of perfect information in Australia (the monetized value of removing uncertainty in the cost-effectiveness results) was A$51 million, thus demonstrating the high potential gain from further research. Conclusions: Compared with standard management, the SAFETY intervention is potentially a dominant strategy for those with chronic, non-valvular AF. However, there would be substantial value in reducing the uncertainty in these estimates from further research.
Spin-Flavour Symmetry and Contractions Towards Classical Space-Time Symmetry
Creators: name: Dahm, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A classification scheme of hadrons is proposed on the basis of the division algebra H of quaternions and an appropriate geometry. This scheme suggests strongly to understand flavour symmetry in another manner than from standard symmetry schemes. In our approach, we do not start from `exact' symmetry groups like SU(2) \times SU(2) chiral symmetry and impose various symmetry breaking mechanisms which collide with theorems wellknown from quantum field theory. On the contrary, the approximate symmetry properties of the hadron spectrum at low energies, usually classified by `appropriately' broken compact flavour groups, emerge very naturally as a low energy reduction of the noncompact (dynamical) symmetry group Sl(2,H). This quaternionic approach not only avoids most of the wellknown conceptual problems of Chiral Dynamics but it also allows for a general treatment of relativistic flavour symmetries as well as it yields a direct connection towards classical relativistic symmetry.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX (style file included). Talk given at the IWCQIS 1996, Dubna, Russia. To appear in the proceedings
Discovery of New Cancer Therapeutic Contexts for Ferroptosis Inducers and other Small-Molecule Drugs
Creators: Ye, Ling Feng
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biology
Cell death
Drug development
Cancer--Treatment
Molecules

description: Small molecule drugs are powerful tools with many applications, ranging from discovering fundamental biological mechanisms to targeting and treating molecular causes of human disease. However, due to the large diversity of biological systems, it is important to identify the contexts in which a particular compound might be most effectively used. In this thesis, we explore two different, but related, problems that aim to further drug discovery by identifying the best disease models for a given small molecule. The first part of this thesis focuses on exploring the use of small-molecule ferroptosis inducers to potentiate radiation-induced cell death. Using a series of cell-based and biochemical assays, RT-qPCR, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and untargeted lipidomics, we discovered that IKE and RSL3 sensitize sarcoma, glioma, and lung cancer cells to radiation, and that ferroptosis is a previously unknown form of radiation-induced cancer cell death. Using patient-derived xenografts of lung adenocarcinoma and organotypic glioma slices, we demonstrate that ferroptosis induced by a combination of radiation and small molecules can be used to suppress tumor progression in human models of disease. The second part of this thesis aims to use human glioblastoma neurosphere cultures to correlate drug sensitivity with RNA expression. Using RNA-seq and high throughput drug screening, we demonstrate that differential sensitivity to MDM2 and EGFR inhibitors can be predicted from gene expression and mutational status in this model of glioblastoma.
Diabolical Points in Magnetic Molecules: An Exactly Solvable Model
Creators: name: Kececioglu, Ersin
name: Garg, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic molecule Fe_8 has been observed to have a rich pattern of degeneracies in its magnetic spectrum as the static magnetic field applied to the molecule is varied. The points of degeneracy, or diabolical points in the magnetic field space, are found exactly in the simplest model Hamiltonian for this molecule. The points are shown to form a perfect centered rectangular lattice, and are shown to be multiply diabolical in general. The multiplicity is found. An earlier semiclassical solution to this problem is thereby shown to be exact in leading order in 1/J where J is the spin.
description: Revtex, 3 ps figures
Beyond mean-field low-lying excitations of dipolar Bose gases
Creators: name: Lima, Aristeu R. P.
name: Pelster, Axel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: We theoretically investigate various beyond mean-field effects on Bose gases at zero temperature featuring the anisotropic and long-range dipole-dipole interaction in addition to the isotropic and short-range contact interaction. Within the realm of the Bogoliubov–de Gennes theory, we consider static properties and low-lying excitations of both homogeneous and harmonically trapped dipolar bosonic gases. For the homogeneous system, the condensate depletion, the ground-state energy, the equation of state, and the speed of sound are discussed in detail. Making use of the local density approximation, we extend these results in order to study the properties of a dipolar Bose gas in a harmonic trap and in the regime of large particle numbers. After deriving the equations of motion for the general case of a triaxial trap, we analyze the influence of quantum fluctuations on important properties of the gas, such as the equilibrium configuration and the low-lying excitations in the case of a cylinder-symmetric trap. In addition to the monopole and quadrupole oscillation modes, we also discuss the radial quadrupole mode. We find that the latter acquires a quantum correction exclusively due to the dipole-dipole interaction. As a result, we identify the radial quadrupole as a reasonably accessible source for the signature of dipolar many-body effects and stress the enhancing character that dipolar interactions have for quantum fluctuations in the other oscillation modes.
Tunable intramolecular multicenter H-bonding interactions in first-row metal complexes bearing bidentate redox-active ligands
Creators: name: Rajabimoghadam, Khashayar
name: Darwish, Yousef
name: Umyeena Bashir
name: Pitman, Dylan
name: Eichelberger, Sidney
name: Siegler, Maxime A.
name: Garcia-Bosch, Isaac
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: In this research article, we report the synthesis and structural characterization of a family of first-row metal complexes bearing redox-active ligands with tunable H-bonding donors. We observed that these coordination complexes can adopt three different geometries and that they are stabilized by intramolecular multicenter H-bonding interactions, which are systematically modified by changing the metal ion (Co, Ni, Cu, Zn), the ligand scaffold (variations in the diamine and ureanyl substituents used) and the solvent of crystallization.
Madelung transform and probability densities in hybrid classical-quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Gay-Balmaz, François
name: Tronci, Cesare
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper extends the Madelung-Bohm formulation of quantum mechanics to describe the time-reversible interaction of classical and quantum systems. The symplectic geometry of the Madelung transform leads to identifying hybrid classical-quantum Lagrangian paths extending the Bohmian trajectories from standard quantum theory. As the classical symplectic form is no longer preserved, the nontrivial evolution of the Poincaré integral is presented explicitly. Nevertheless, the classical phase-space components of the hybrid Bohmian trajectory identify a Hamiltonian flow parameterized by the quantum coordinate and this flow is associated to the motion of the classical subsystem. In addition, the continuity equation of the joint classical-quantum density is presented explicitly. While the von Neumann density operator of the quantum subsystem is always positive-definite by construction, the hybrid density is generally allowed to be unsigned. However, the paper concludes by presenting an infinite family of hybrid Hamiltonians whose corresponding evolution preserves the sign of the probability density for the classical subsystem.
description: Fully revised. To appear in Nonlinearity
Exact expectation values of local fields in quantum sine-Gordon model
Creators: name: Lukyanov, S.
name: Zamolodchikov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose an explicit expression for vacuum expectation values of the exponential fields in the sine-Gordon model. Our expression agrees both with semi-classical results in the sine-Gordon theory and with perturbative calculations in the Massive Thirring model. We use this expression to make new predictions about the large-distance asymptotic form of the two-point correlation function in the XXZ spin chain.
description: 18 pages, harvmac.tex, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Chen, Musha
name: Yuan, Yue
name: Zhou, Yiguo
name: Deng, Zhaomin
name: Zhao, Jin
name: Feng, Fengling
name: Zou, Huachun
name: Sun, Caijun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Additional Figures S1–S17 and Table S1.
Effective potentials for atom-atom interaction at low temperatures
Creators: name: Gao, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the concept and design of effective atom-atom potentials that accurately describe any physical processes involving only states around the threshold. The existence of such potentials gives hope to a quantitative, and systematic, understanding of quantum few-atom and quantum many-atom systems at relatively low temperatures.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The Crowded Desert 2: Let's Explore Nomadic Campsites Presentation
Creators: name: Sherif, Shaima
name: Caravjel Lopez, Jose
name: Rowbotham, Annie
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4301
subject: Archaeology
classificationCode: 4302
subject: Heritage, archive and museum studies

description: This item is a Illustrated Presentation produced by UCL Qatar as part of the The Crowded Desert Project, and is part of Crowded Desert 2 School Pack - English collection.  The Illustrated Presentation  is for 6 - 11 years age groups. This work was illustrated by Marsya Abdulghani.
Additional file 8 of Dissection of canopy layer-specific genetic control of leaf angle in Sorghum bicolor by RNA sequencing
Creators: name: Natukunda, Martha I.
name: Mantilla-Perez, Maria B.
name: Graham, Michelle A.
name: Liu, Peng
name: Salas-Fernandez, Maria G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 8: Supplementary Table S2. Sorghum leaf angle QTL (69), number of DEGs co-localizing with QTL on each chromosome, and references.
Source data for "NT-CRISPR: Combining natural transformation and CRISPR/Cas9CRISPR-Cas9 counterselection for markerless and scarless genome editing in Vibrio natriegens"
Creators: name: Stukenberg, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology

description: Source data for "NT-CRISPR: Combining natural transformation and CRISPR/Cas9CRISPR-Cas9 counterselection for markerless and scarless genome editing in Vibrio natriegens"
ESBL-plasmids carrying toxin-antitoxin systems can be “cured” of wild-type Escherichia coli using a heat technique
Creators: name: Schaufler, Katharina
name: Wieler, Lothar Heinz
name: Semmler, Torsten
name: Ewers, Christa
name: Guenther, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasmid
subject: ESBL
subject: E. coli
subject: Toxin-antitoxin system
subject: Plasmid-"cured"-variant
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft

description: Plasmid-encoded extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-enzymes are frequently produced by Escherichia coli. Several ESBL-plasmids contain genes for toxin- antitoxin (TA) systems, which assure the maintenance of plasmids in bacteria and prevent the cells from "post-segregational killing". These systems limit options to "cure" plasmids of ESBL-wild-type strains due to the death of the bacterial cells. A helpful tool to understand the role of ESBL-plasmids in the dissemination of pandemic multi-resistant E. coli are ESBL- plasmid-"cured"-variants (PCVs) and their comparison to ESBL-wild-type strains. The purpose of this study was to construct PCVs of ESBL-wild-type E. coli strains despite the presence of genes for TA systems. Using enhanced temperatures and brain-heart-infusion broth it was possible to construct viable PCVs of wild-type ESBL-E. coli strains. The occurrence of TA system- genes including hok/sok, srnB/C, vagC/D, pemI/K on ESBL-plasmids of replicon types FIA or FIB was demonstrated by bioinformatic analyses. The loss of the plasmid and the genetic identity of PCV and corresponding wild-type strain was confirmed via different methods including plasmid-profile-analysis, pulsed- field gel electrophoresis and bioinformatics using generated whole genome data of the strains. This short report describes the successful construction of viable PCVs of ESBL-wild-type E. coli strains. The results are hence surprising due to the fact that all "cured" ESBL-plasmids contained at least one complete toxin-antitoxin system, whose loss would normally mean the death of bacterial cells.
Efficient Attack Correlation and Identification of Attack Scenarios based on Network-Motifs
Creators: name: Haas, Steffen
name: Wilkens, Florian
name: Fischer, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) to secure computer networks reports indicators for an attack as alerts. However, every attack can result in a multitude of IDS alerts that need to be correlated to see the full picture of the attack. In this paper, we present a correlation approach that transforms clusters of alerts into a graph structure on which we compute signatures of network motifs to characterize these clusters. A motif representation of attack characteristics is magnitudes smaller than the original alert data, but still allows to efficiently compare and correlate attacks with each other and with reference signatures. This allows not only to identify known attack scenarios, e.g., DDoS, scan, and worm attacks, but also to derive new reference signatures for unknown scenarios. Our results indicate a reliable identification of scenarios, even when attacks differ in size and at least slightly in their characteristics. Applied on real-world alert data, our approach can classify and assign attack scenarios of up to 96% of all attacks and can represent their characteristics using 1% of the size of the full alert data.
description: S. Haas, F. Wilkens and M. Fischer, "Efficient Attack Correlation and Identification of Attack Scenarios based on Network-Motifs," 2019 IEEE 38th International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC), London, United Kingdom, 2019, pp. 1-11. doi: 10.1109/IPCCC47392.2019.8958734
Additional file 1 of Radiochemotherapy-induced DNA repair promotes the biogenesis of gastric cancer stem cells
Creators: name: Lu, Yu
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Fig. S1: Heat map of the differentially expressed DNA repair genes between GCNSCs and cisplatin-induced, doxorubicin-induced or X-ray-induced GCSCs.
title: Voluntary Postural Sway Dynamics in Young and Older Adults
Creators: name: Tucker, Murray G.
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Postural sway
subject: Anterior-posterior sway
subject: medial-lateral sway

description: The general objective of this thesis was to examine the postural responses of young and older adults during reactive and self-paced voluntary postural sway tasks. To achieve this objective, three specific aims were addressed: (1) to determine if differences exist in the reaction time of voluntary postural sway movements between young adults, and low and high falls-risk older adults, (2) to determine if differences exist in coordination during the performance of voluntary postural sway movements between young adults, and low and high falls-risk older adults, and (3) to determine the combination of voluntary postural sway tasks, sway directions, and balance measures that best predict the falls-risk and falls-history status of community-dwelling older adults. The falls-risk and falls-histories of the older adults were determined based on an assessment of sensorimotor and balance function by the Physiological Profile Assessment (PPA), and self-reported 12 months history of falls, respectively. Four experiments were conducted to examine the performance of voluntary postural sway movements in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions. The specific voluntary postural sway tasks were maximum static leans, maximum voluntary postural sway, continuous voluntary postural sway, rapid initiation of voluntary postural sway, rapid termination of voluntary postural sway, and rapid orthogonal switches of voluntary postural sway between the AP and ML directions. Measures of task performance included reaction time, the amplitudes of the centre of pressure (COP) and centre of mass (COM) in the AP and ML directions, the level of coupling between motions of the COP, trunk, and head, and the separation distance between the COP and COM (COP-COM) in the AP and ML directions. The age, falls-risk, and falls-history groups were compared for differences in these measures, and the predictive capacity of these measures for group status were evaluated.
title: Auf der Suche nach Sicherheit
title: die internationale Intervention in Nordost-Afghanistan
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Koehler, Jan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::321 Staatsformen und Regierungssysteme

description: Zusammenfassung Das vorliegende Arbeitspapier untersucht Wirkungszusammenhänge von transnationalen Konstellationen staatlicher und nicht-staatlicher Akteure mit der Erzeugung von Sicherheit sowie Entwicklung als Governance-Leistung in Nordost-Afghanistan. Ausgangspunkt der Untersuchung ist die Frage, wie die afghanische Bevölkerung Veränderungen der eigenen Sicherheit sowie lokale Entwicklungsherausforderungen über die letzten Jahre wahrgenommen hat. Das Papier besteht aus zwei Teilen. Zunächst erläutert der Autor im Rahmen einer Fallstudie die relevanten internationalen, nationalen und lokalen Akteurskonstellationen in der Zielregion und bettet die Ergebnisse der quantitativen Befragungen ein in den Kontext der qualitativen Untersuchungsergebnisse zu lokalen gesellschaftlichen und politischen Entwicklungen. Anschließend wird detailliert das methodische Vorgehen erläutert, welches auf kreuzperspektivischer Analyse der quantitativ und qualitativ erhobenen Daten gründet. Die Analyse zeigt, dass im heutigen Afghanistan Sicherheit und Entwicklung als Ergebnis transnationaler Governance entstehen können. Diese Governance-Leistungen sind auf die lokale Ebene beschränkt; sie erreichen nicht die regionale oder gar die nationale Ebene. Die Untersuchung zeigt allerdings auch, dass transnationale Governance- Leistungen im Unterschied zur strategischen Zielsetzung der internationalen Interventen gerade die nationalen und sub-nationalen staatlichen Institutionen schwächen und deren Legitimität beeinträchtigt, die durch die Intervention aufgebaut und gefestigt werden sollen.
An Explicit Construction of Casimir Operators and Eigenvalues:II
Creators: name: Karadayi, H. R.
name: Gungormez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is given a way of computing Casimir eigenvalues for Weyl orbits as well as for irreducible representations of Lie algebras. A kappa(s) number of polinomials which depend on rank N are obtained explicitly for A_N Casimir operators of order s where kappa(s) is the number of partitions of s into positive integers except 1. It is also emphasized that these eigenvalue polinomials prove useful in obtaining formulas to calculate weight multiplicities and in explicit calculations of the whole cohomology ring of Classical and also Exceptional Lie algebras.
description: 16 pages, no figures, TeX file,the formulas (II.14) and (II.15) are corrected, change in e-mail address
Fibrogenic effects of crocidolite, amosite, and chrysotile asbestos fibers on lung fibroblasts
Creators: name: Seunghye Yu
name: Hee-Hyun Choi
name: Gyeongsin Park
name: Kim, Il Won
name: Kim, Tae-Jung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Asbestos causes fibrotic lung diseases such as asbestosis and lung scarring, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of specific types of asbestos fibers are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the fibrogenic activity of commonly used asbestos types crocidolite (serpentine) and amosite and chrysotile (amphiboles) which differ in general toxicity. IMR-90 lung fibroblasts were exposed to various concentrations of crocidolite, amosite, and chrysotile and analyzed for viability, adhesion, cell damage, functional activity, and expression of genes associated with fibrosis, cell stress, and toxicity responses. Exposure of fibroblasts to the three asbestos fibers for 48 h did not affect cellular functions such as filamentous actin distribution and mitochondrial activity. PCR microarray profiling of the expression of 84 genes central to fibrogenesis revealed that chrysotile significantly upregulated the transcription of genes encoding pro-fibrotic cytokines and downregulated genes related to the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, whereas the effects of crocidolite and amosite on pro-fibrotic gene expression were much weaker. There was no significant difference in the expression of oxidative stress- and toxic response-related genes among the three asbestos types. These results provide new evidence that chrysotile has a stronger pro-fibrotic potential than amosite and crocidolite.