cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oscillator versus prefundamental representations II. Arbitrary higher ranks
Creators: name: Boos, H.
name: Göhmann, F.
name: Klümper, A.
name: Nirov, Kh. S.
name: Razumov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the $\ell$-weights and the $\ell$-weight vectors for the highest $\ell$-weight $q$-oscillator representations of the positive Borel subalgebra of the quantum loop algebra $U_q(\mathcal L(\mathfrak{sl}_{l+1}))$ for arbitrary values of $l$. Having this, we establish the explicit relationship between the $q$-oscillator and prefundamental representations. Our consideration allows us to conclude that the prefundamental representations can be obtained by tensoring $q$-oscillator representations.
description: 26 pages, LaTeX2e; typos corrected, references with comments added. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1512.04446, arXiv:1702.08710
Multi-dimensional biochemical information processing of dynamical patterns
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cells receive signaling molecules by receptors and relay information via sensory networks so that they can respond properly depending on the type of signal. Recent studies have shown that cells can extract multi-dimensional information from dynamical concentration patterns of signaling molecules. We herein study how biochemical systems can process multi-dimensional information embedded in dynamical patterns. We model the decoding networks by linear response functions, and optimize the functions with the calculus of variations to maximize the mutual information between patterns and output. We find that, when the noise intensity is lower, decoders with different linear response functions, i.e., distinct decoders, can extract much information. However, when the noise intensity is higher, distinct decoders do not provide the maximum amount of information. This indicates that, when transmitting information by dynamical patterns, embedding information in multiple patterns is not optimal when the noise intensity is very large. Furthermore, we explore the biochemical implementations of these decoders using control theory and demonstrate that these decoders can be implemented biochemically through the modification of cascade-type networks, which are prevalent in actual signaling pathways.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Spectral Theory of the Nazarov-Sklyanin Lax Operator
Creators: name: Mickler, Ryan
name: Moll, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In their study of Jack polynomials, Nazarov-Sklyanin introduced a remarkable new graded linear operator ${\mathcal L} \colon F[w] \rightarrow F[w]$ where $F$ is the ring of symmetric functions and $w$ is a variable. In this paper, we (1) establish a cyclic decomposition $F[w] \cong \bigoplus_λ Z(j_λ, {\mathcal L})$ into finite-dimensional ${\mathcal L}$-cyclic subspaces in which Jack polynomials $j_λ$ may be taken as cyclic vectors and (2) prove that the restriction of ${\mathcal L}$ to each $Z(j_λ, {\mathcal L})$ has simple spectrum given by the anisotropic contents $[s]$ of the addable corners $s$ of the Young diagram of $λ$. Our proofs of (1) and (2) rely on the commutativity and spectral theorem for the integrable hierarchy associated to ${\mathcal L}$, both established by Nazarov-Sklyanin. Finally, we conjecture that the ${\mathcal L}$-eigenfunctions $ψ_λ^s {\in F[w]}$ {with eigenvalue $[s]$ and constant term} $ψ_λ^s|_{w=0} = j_λ$ are polynomials in the rescaled power sum basis $V_μ w^l$ of $F[w]$ with integer coefficients.
Causal Density Matrices
Creators: name: Engelhardt, Netta
name: Fischetti, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a new construct in quantum field theory - the causal density matrix - obtained from the singularity structure of correlators of local operators. This object provides a necessary and sufficient condition for a quantum field theory state to have a holographic semiclassical dual causal geometry. By exploiting the causal density matrix, we find that these dual causal geometries quite generally (even away from AdS/CFT) exhibit features of quantum error correction. Within AdS/CFT, we argue that the "reduced" causal density matrix is the natural dual to the causal wedge. Our formalism is very well-suited to generalizations of holography beyond AdS/CFT or even gravity/QFT.
description: 34+4 pages, 10 figures. v2: minor edits, references added. v3: minor typos corrected
The ASTAROTH project
Creators: name: D'Angelo, Davide
name: Zani, Andrea
name: Alessandria, Franco
name: Andreani, Alessandro
name: Castoldi, Andrea
name: Coelli, Simone
name: Cortis, Daniele
name: Di Carlo, Giuseppe
name: Frontini, Luca
name: Gallice, Niccolò
name: Guazzoni, Chiara
name: Liberali, Valentino
name: Monti, Mauro
name: Orlandi, Donato
name: Sorbi, Massimo
name: Stabile, Alberto
name: Statera, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most discussed topic in direct search for dark matter is arguably the verification of the DAMA claim. In fact, the observed annual modulation of the signal rate in an array of NaI(Tl) detectors can be interpreted as the awaited signature of dark matter interaction. Several experimental groups are currently engaged in the attempt to verify such a game-changing claim with the same target material. However, all present-day designs are based on a light readout via Photomultiplier Tubes, whose high noise makes it challenging to achieve a low background in the 1-6 keV energy region of the signal. Even harder it would be to break below 1 keV energy threshold, where a large fraction of the signal potentially awaits to be uncovered. ASTAROTH is an R\&D project to overcome these limitations by using Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPM) matrices to collect scintillation light from NaI(Tl). The all-active design based on cubic crystals is operating in the 87-150 K temperature range where SiPM noise can be even a hundred times lower with respect to PMTs. The cryostat was developed following an innovative design and is based on a copper chamber immersed in a liquid argon bath that can be instrumented as a veto detector. We have characterized separately the crystal and the SiPM response at low temperature and we have proceeded to the first operation of a NaI(Tl) crystal read by SiPM in cryogeny.
description: proceedings of the LRT 2022 conference
Presentation: Rock Porosity Based on Trace Fossils for Interpretation of Reservoir in the Rembang Zone
Creators: name: Siti Umiyatun Choiriah
name: Wirandoko, Hendry
name: Achmad Subandrio
name: Yody Rizkianto
name: Intan Paramitahaty
name: Nurwantari, Nanda Ajeng
name: M. Ardiyan Syah Darmawan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This material has presented on 1st International Conference on Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology. October 25, 2022
A Multi-Qubit Quantum Gate Using the Zeno Effect
Creators: name: Lewalle, Philippe
name: Martin, Leigh S.
name: Flurin, Emmanuel
name: Zhang, Song
name: Blumenthal, Eliya
name: Hacohen-Gourgy, Shay
name: Burgarth, Daniel
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Zeno effect, in which repeated observation freezes the dynamics of a quantum system, stands as an iconic oddity of quantum mechanics. When a measurement is unable to distinguish between states in a subspace, the dynamics within that subspace can be profoundly altered, leading to non-trivial behavior. Here we show that such a measurement can turn a non-interacting system with only single-qubit control into a two- or multi-qubit entangling gate, which we call a Zeno gate. The gate works by imparting a geometric phase on the system, conditioned on it lying within a particular nonlocal subspace. We derive simple closed-form expressions for the gate fidelity under a number of non-idealities and show that the gate is viable for implementation in circuit and cavity QED systems. More specifically, we illustrate the functioning of the gate via dispersive readout in both the Markovian and non-Markovian readout regimes, and derive conditions for longitudinal readout to ideally realize the gate.
description: 20+12 pages. 13 figures
Pro-$p$ subgroups of profinite completions of 3-manifold groups
Creators: name: Wilton, Henry
name: Zalesskii, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We completely describe the finitely generated pro-$p$ subgroups of the profinite completion of the fundamental group of an arbitrary $3$-manifold. We also prove a pro-$p$ analogue of the main theorem of Bass--Serre theory for finitely generated pro-$p$ groups.
description: 26 pages, no figures. v2 corrects an error in the proof of the main theorem. This is the final version accepted for publication
Dual-LED-based multichannel microscopy for whole-slide multiplane, multispectral, and phase imaging
Creators: name: Liao, Jun
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Zhang, Zibang
name: Bian, Zichao
name: Guo, Kaikai
name: Nambiar, Aparna
name: Jiang, Yutong
name: Jiang, Shaowei
name: Zhong, Jingang
name: Choma, Michael
name: Zheng, Guoan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the development of a multichannel microscopy for whole-slide multiplane, multispectral, and phase imaging. We use trinocular heads to split the beam path into 6 independent channels and employ a camera array for parallel data acquisition, achieving a maximum data throughput of ~1 gigapixel per second. To perform single-frame rapid autofocusing, we place two near-infrared LEDs at the back focal plane of the condenser lens to illuminate the sample from two different incident angles. A hot mirror is used to direct the near-infrared light to an autofocusing camera. For multiplane whole slide imaging (WSI), we acquire 6 different focal planes of a thick specimen simultaneously. For multispectral WSI, we relay the 6 independent image planes to the same focal position and simultaneously acquire information at 6 spectral bands. For whole-slide phase imaging, we acquire images at 3 focal positions simultaneously and use the transport-of-intensity equation to recover the phase information. We also provide an open-source design to further increase the number of channels from 6 to 15. The reported platform provides a simple solution for multiplexed fluorescence imaging and multimodal WSI. Acquiring an instant focal stack without z-scanning may also enable fast 3D dynamic tracking of various biological samples.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Elastocaloric signatures of symmetric and antisymmetric strain-tuning of quadrupolar and magnetic phases in DyB2C2
Creators: name: Ye, Linda
name: Sun, Yue
name: Sunko, Veronika
name: Rodriguez-Nieva, Joaquin F.
name: Ikeda, Matthias S.
name: Worasaran, Thanapat
name: Sorensen, Matthew E.
name: Bachmann, Maja D.
name: Orenstein, Joseph
name: Fisher, Ian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adiabatic elastocaloric effect measures the temperature change of given systems with strain and probes the entropic landscape in the temperature-strain space. In this study we demonstrate that the DC bias strain-dependence of AC elastocaloric effect can be used to decompose the latter into contributions from symmetric (rotation-symmetry-preserving) and antisymmetric (rotation-symmetry-breaking) strains, using a tetragonal f-electron system DyB2C2--whose antiferroquadrupolar order locally breaks four-fold rotational site symmetries while globally remaining tetragonal--as a showcase example. We capture the strain evolution of the quadrupolar and magnetic phase transitions in the system using both singularities in the elastocaloric coefficient and its jump at the transitions, and the latter we show follows a modified Ehrenfest relation. We find that antisymmetric strain couples to the underlying order parameter in a bi-quadratic manner in the antiferroquadrupolar (AFQ) phase but in a linear-quadratic manner in the canted antiferromagnetic (CAFM) phase; the contrast is attributed to a preserved (broken) tetragonal symmetry in the AFQ (CAFM) phase, respectively. The broken tetragonal symmetry in the CAFM phase is further supported by elastocaloric strain-hysteresis and observation of two sets of domains with mutually perpendicular principal axes in optical birefringence. Additionally, when the quadrupolar moments are ordered in a staggered fashion, we uncover an elastocaloric response that reflects a quadratic increase of entropy with antisymmetric strain, analogous to the role magnetic field plays for Ising antiferromagnets by promoting pseudospin flips. Our results show that AC elastocaloric effect is a compact and incisive thermodynamic probe into the coupling between electronic degrees of freedom and strain, which can potentially be applied to broader classes of quantum materials.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Jamming and metastability in one dimension: from the kinetically constrained Ising chain to the Riviera model
Creators: name: Krapivsky, P. L.
name: Luck, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ising chain with kinetic constraints provides many examples of totally irreversible zero-temperature dynamics leading to metastability with an exponentially large number of attractors. In most cases, the constrained zero-temperature dynamics can be mapped onto a model of random sequential adsorption. We provide a brief didactic review, based on the example of the constrained Glauber-Ising chain, of the exact results on the dynamics of these models and on their attractors that have been obtained by means of the above mapping. The Riviera model introduced recently by Puljiz et al. behaves similarly to the kinetically constrained Ising chains. This totally irreversible deposition model however does not enjoy the shielding property characterising models of random sequential adsorption. It can therefore neither be mapped onto such a model nor (in all likelihood) be solved by analytical means. We present a range of novel results on the attractors of the Riviera model, obtained by means of an exhaustive enumeration for smaller systems and of extensive simulations for larger ones, and put these results in perspective with the exact ones which are available for kinetically constrained Ising chains.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Time-asymptotic expansion with pointwise remainder estimates for 1D viscous compressible flow
Creators: name: Koike, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a time-asymptotic expansion with pointwise remainder estimates for solutions to 1D compressible Navier--Stokes equations. The leading-order term is the well-known diffusion wave and the higher-order terms are newly introduced family of waves which we call \textit{higher-order diffusion waves}. In particular, these provide accurate description of the power-law asymptotics of the solution around the origin $x=0$ where the diffusion wave decays exponentially. The expansion is valid locally and also globally in the $L^p(\mathbb{R})$-norm for all $1\leq p\leq \infty$. The proof is based on pointwise estimates of Green's function.
description: 30 pages
Shape optimization of superconducting transmon qubit for low surface dielectric loss
Creators: name: Eun, Sungjun
name: Park, Seong Hyeon
name: Seo, Kyungsik
name: Choi, Kibum
name: Hahn, Seungyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface dielectric loss of superconducting transmon qubit is believed as one of the dominant sources of decoherence. Reducing surface dielectric loss of superconducting qubit is known to be a great challenge for achieving high quality factor and a long relaxation time ($T_{1}$). Changing the geometry of capacitor pads and junction wire of transmon qubit makes it possible to engineer the surface dielectric loss. In this paper, we present the shape optimization approach for reducing Surface dielectric loss in transmon qubit. The capacitor pad and junction wire of the transmon qubit are shaped as spline curves and optimized through the combination of the finite-element method and global optimization algorithm. Then, we compared the surface participation ratio, which represents the portion of electric energy stored in each dielectric layer and proportional to two-level system (TLS) loss, of optimized structure and existing geometries to show the effectiveness of our approach. The result suggests that the participation ratio of capacitor pad, and junction wire can be reduced by 16% and 26% compared to previous designs through shape optimization, while overall footprint and anharmonicity maintain acceptable value. As a result, the TLS-limited quality factor and corresponding $T_{1}$ were increased by approximately 21.6%.
Quantifying the Impact of Spectral Coverage on the Retrieval of Molecular Abundances from Exoplanet Transmission Spectra
Creators: name: Chapman, John W.
name: Zellem, Robert T.
name: Line, Michael R.
name: Bryden, Geoff
name: Willacy, Karen
name: Iyer, Aishwarya R.
name: Vasisht, Gautam
name: Bean, Jacob
name: Cowan, Nicolas B.
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
name: Griffith, Caitlin A.
name: Kataria, Tiffany
name: Kempton, Eliza M. -R.
name: Kreidberg, Laura
name: Moses, Julianne I.
name: Stevenson, Kevin B.
name: Swain, Mark R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using forward models for representative exoplanet atmospheres and a radiometric instrument model, we have generated synthetic observational data to explore how well the major C- and O-bearing chemical species (CO, CO2, CH4, and H2O), important for determining atmospheric opacity and radiation balance, can be constrained by transit measurements as a function of spectral wavelength coverage. This work features simulations for a notional transit spectroscopy mission and compares two cases for instrument spectral coverage (wavelength coverage from 0.5-2.5 $μ$m and 0.5-5 $μ$m. The simulation is conducted on a grid with a range of stellar magnitudes and incorporates a full retrieval of atmospheric model parameters. We consider a range of planets from sub-Neptunes to hot Jupiters and include both low and high mean molecular weight atmospheres. We find that including the 2.5-5 $μ$m wavelength range provides a significant improvement in the degree of constraint on the retrieved molecular abundances: up to ~3 orders of magnitude for a low mean molecular weight atmosphere ($μ$=2.3) and up to a factor of ~6 for a high mean molecular weight atmosphere ($μ$=28). These decreased uncertainties imply that broad spectral coverage between the visible and the mid-infrared is an important tool for understanding the chemistry and composition of exoplanet atmospheres. This analysis suggests that the JWST/NIRSpec 0.6-5 $μ$m prism spectroscopy mode, or similar wavelength coverage with possible future missions, will be an important resource for exoplanet atmospheric characterization.
description: Accepted by PASP; 18 pages, 7 figures
Fast Hyperparameter Tuning for Ising Machines
Creators: name: Parizy, Matthieu
name: Kakuko, Norihiro
name: Togawa, Nozomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel technique to accelerate Ising machines hyperparameter tuning. Firstly, we define Ising machine performance and explain the goal of hyperparameter tuning in regard to this performance definition. Secondly, we compare well-known hyperparameter tuning techniques, namely random sampling and Tree-structured Parzen Estimator (TPE) on different combinatorial optimization problems. Thirdly, we propose a new convergence acceleration method for TPE which we call "FastConvergence".It aims at limiting the number of required TPE trials to reach best performing hyperparameter values combination. We compare FastConvergence to previously mentioned well-known hyperparameter tuning techniques to show its effectiveness. For experiments, well-known Travel Salesman Problem (TSP) and Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) instances are used as input. The Ising machine used is Fujitsu's third generation Digital Annealer (DA). Results show, in most cases, FastConvergence can reach similar results to TPE alone within less than half the number of trials.
description: This work has been submitted and accepted at IEEE ICCE2023. Copyright will be transferred to IEEE, please cite the DOI on IEEExplore once ready
Topological Data Analysis for Speech Processing
Creators: name: Tulchinskii, Eduard
name: Kuznetsov, Kristian
name: Kushnareva, Laida
name: Cherniavskii, Daniil
name: Barannikov, Serguei
name: Piontkovskaya, Irina
name: Nikolenko, Sergey
name: Burnaev, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We apply topological data analysis (TDA) to speech classification problems and to the introspection of a pretrained speech model, HuBERT. To this end, we introduce a number of topological and algebraic features derived from Transformer attention maps and embeddings. We show that a simple linear classifier built on top of such features outperforms a fine-tuned classification head. In particular, we achieve an improvement of about $9\%$ accuracy and $5\%$ ERR on four common datasets; on CREMA-D, the proposed feature set reaches a new state of the art performance with accuracy $80.155$. We also show that topological features are able to reveal functional roles of speech Transformer heads; e.g., we find the heads capable to distinguish between pairs of sample sources (natural/synthetic) or voices without any downstream fine-tuning. Our results demonstrate that TDA is a promising new approach for speech analysis, especially for tasks that require structural prediction. Appendices, an introduction to TDA, and other additional materials are available here - https://topohubert.github.io/speech-topology-webpages/
description: Accepted to INTERSPEECH 2023 conference
Modelling Luminous-Blue-Variable Isolation
Creators: name: Aghakhanloo, Mojgan
name: Murphy, Jeremiah W.
name: Smith, Nathan
name: Hložek, Renée
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations show that luminous blue variables (LBVs) are far more dispersed than massive O-type stars, and Smith & Tombleson suggested that these large separations are inconsistent with a single-star evolution model of LBVs. Instead, they suggested that the large distances are most consistent with binary evolution scenarios. To test these suggestions, we modelled young stellar clusters and their passive dissolution, and we find that, indeed, the standard single-star evolution model is mostly inconsistent with the observed LBV environments. If LBVs are single stars, then the lifetimes inferred from their luminosity and mass are far too short to be consistent with their extreme isolation. This implies that there is either an inconsistency in the luminosity- to-mass mapping or the mass-to-age mapping. In this paper, we explore binary solutions that modify the mass-to-age mapping and are consistent with the isolation of LBVs. For the binary scenarios, our crude models suggest that LBVs are rejuvenated stars. They are either the result of mergers or they are mass gainers and received a kick when the primary star exploded. In the merger scenario, if the primary is about 19 solar masses, then the binary has enough time to wander far afield, merge and form a rejuvenated star. In the mass-gainer and kick scenario, we find that LBV isolation is consistent with a wide range of kick velocities, anywhere from 0 to ~ 105 km/s. In either scenario, binarity seems to play a major role in the isolation of LBVs.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
A Generic Methodology for the Modular Verification of Security Protocol Implementations (extended version)
Creators: name: Arquint, Linard
name: Schwerhoff, Malte
name: Mehta, Vaibhav
name: Müller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Security protocols are essential building blocks of modern IT systems. Subtle flaws in their design or implementation may compromise the security of entire systems. It is, thus, important to prove the absence of such flaws through formal verification. Much existing work focuses on the verification of protocol *models*, which is not sufficient to show that their *implementations* are actually secure. Verification techniques for protocol implementations (e.g., via code generation or model extraction) typically impose severe restrictions on the used programming language and code design, which may lead to sub-optimal implementations. In this paper, we present a methodology for the modular verification of strong security properties directly on the level of the protocol implementations. Our methodology leverages state-of-the-art verification logics and tools to support a wide range of implementations and programming languages. We demonstrate its effectiveness by verifying memory safety and security of Go implementations of the Needham-Schroeder-Lowe, Diffie-Hellman key exchange, and WireGuard protocols, including forward secrecy and injective agreement for WireGuard. We also show that our methodology is agnostic to a particular language or program verifier with a prototype implementation for C.
Growth of Cosmic Structure
Creators: name: Huterer, Dragan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review one of the most fruitful areas in cosmology today that bridge theory and data - the temporal growth of large-scale structure. We go over the growth's physical foundations, and derive its behavior in simple cosmological models. While doing so, we explain how measurements of growth can be used to understand theory. We then review how some of the most mature cosmological probes - galaxy clustering, gravitational lensing, the abundance of clusters of galaxies, cosmic velocities, and cosmic microwave background - can be used to probe the growth of structure. We report the current constraints on growth, which are summarized as measurements of the parameter combination $fσ_8$ as a function of redshift, or else as the mass fluctuation amplitude parameter $S_8$. We finally illustrate several statistical approaches, ranging from the "growth index" parameterization to more general comparisons of growth and geometry, that can sharply test the standard cosmological model and indicate the presence of modifications to general relativity.
description: Invited review for The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review, aimed at a non-expert; 29 pages + references; v3 matches the published version
Homotopical algebra is not concrete
Creators: name: Loregian, Fosco
name: Di Liberti, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18G55, 18E35, 18A22

description: We generalize Freyd's well-known result that "homotopy is not concrete", offering a general method to show that under certain assumptions on a model category $\mathcal M$, its homotopy category $\text{ho}(\mathcal M)$ cannot be concrete. This result is part of an attempt to understand more deeply the relation between set theory and abstract homotopy theory.
description: Final version, accepted for publication on Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures
« Etes-vous prêt à relever le défi ? : Initiation Recherche documentaire + visite bibliothèque (exercice mission impossible) "
Creators: name: Risch, Magali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: GTFU Alsace
Compétences informationnelles
Bibliothèque
France
Unistra
Licence
Master
Visite de bibliothèque
Pédagogie active
Autonomie
Ludification (gamification)
Formation courte
Mission impossible
Bibliothèque universitaire

description: Ce support de présentation a été mis au point par Magali Risch (Unistra - Service des bibliothèques - GTFU Alsace) Proposition de présentation du portail des bibliothèques universitaires et d'une visite de bibliothèque et de ses services de manière plus active et plus ludique tout en favorisant les échanges entre étudiants et en développant l’autonomie. Après une courte présentation puis une visite, les étudiants se forment en petits groupes grâce à un exercice de type "Mission impossible" à réaliser dans un temps imparti. Les documents à consulter : - fiche descriptive de l'activité - exercice "mission impossible" - support de présentation utilisé lors de la séance ( en complément : jeu de carte concernant la typologie des documents)
Sub-μm axial precision depth imaging with entangled two-colour Hong-Ou-Mandel microscopy
Creators: name: Torre, Cyril
name: McMillan, Alex
name: Monroy-Ruz, Jorge
name: Matthews, Jonathan C. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 81V80

description: The quantum interference of two wavelength-entangled photons overlapping at a beamsplitter results in an oscillating interference pattern. The frequency of the beat note is dependent on the wavelength separation of the entangled photons but is robust to wavelength scale perturbations that can limit the practicality of standard interferometry. Here we use two-colour entanglement interferometry to evaluate the variation in thickness of a semi-transparent sample in combination with two-dimensional raster scanning. The axial precision and the dynamic range of the microscope are actively controlled by adjusting the wavelength separation of the entangled photon pairs. Sub-$μm$ precision is reported using up to $12.3~nm$ of detuning and $\sim10^4$ detected photon pairs.
description: 6 pages double column, 6 figures (main article) + 2 figures (supplementary information)
A Study of 360° Video as a Learning Tool for Filmmaking
Creators: name: Millea, Danielle Jayne
Publisher: name: Leeds Beckett University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Filmmaking is an inherently practical area of study, especially the production process. Not all students can access film school for monetary, location and health issues. Options without schooling are online in the form of tutorial videos. 360° video can have a more interactive approach than 2D videos, books and more traditional learning tools, and the technology can enhance learning and promote self-guided learning in this practical subject. Using constructivist grounded theory methodology through cyclic testing of mixed method data collection via six participant survey rounds, this study aims to create 360° video content and a proven technical workflow to see if 360° technology can aid practical filmmaking study. Using an online hub, www.filmschool360.com, a variety of 360° videos were shot and amended to create the theory that 360° video can aid students learning practical filmmaking online. The 360˚ videos and hub were examined through survey data from filmmaking students, alumni, academics, film school staff and professionals and re-drafted several times to reduce the content to its most effective. The data found 360° videos to be interesting, informative and immersive. The audio was found to be just as important as the visuals. Direction within a 360° video is essential for learners, so overlaid elements were tested. Adding finished shots of scenes are a way of formalising the process. The videos were found to be extremely useful for those who miss sessions or find it hard to learn actively or in a class environment. They can provide an accessible learning method for those with disabilities and have no barrier in the cases of gender or ethnicity. Short five-minute videos are better for focus and the ability to use one film resource to teach multiple processes reduces creation time and costs for educators. One 360° video has the potential for freedom of learning through unique viewpoints. The option given to the viewer to freely navigate the video also empowers that learner and enhances their self-guided learning skills, skills used throughout their learning life. The bridge between traditional learning and online learning can be opened using 360° video, which has not been used in filmmaking education before, making this research unique in its field.
Polar and magnetic order in GaV4Se8
Creators: name: Ruff, E.
name: Butykai, A.
name: Geirhos, K.
name: Widmann, S.
name: Tsurkan, V.
name: Stefanet, E.
name: Kézsmárki, I.
name: Loidl, A.
name: Lunkenheimer, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we provide results from specific heat, magnetic susceptibility, dielectric constant, ac conductivity, and electrical polarization measurements performed on the lacunar spinel GaV4Se8. With decreasing temperature, we observe a transition from the paraelectric and paramagnetic cubic state into a polar, probably ferroelectric state at 42 K followed by magnetic ordering at 18 K. The polar transition is likely driven by the Jahn-Teller effect due to the degeneracy of the V4 cluster orbitals. The excess polarization arising in the magnetic phase indicates considerable magnetoelectric coupling. Overall, the behavior of GaV4Se8 in many respects is similar to that of the skyrmion host GaV4S8, exhibiting a complex interplay of orbital, spin, lattice, and polar degrees of freedom. However, its dielectric behavior at the polar transition markedly differs from that of the Jahn-Teller driven ferroelectric GeV4S8, which can be ascribed to the dissimilar electronic structure of the Ge compound.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures. Revised version according to suggestions of referees
Bootstrapping string dynamics in the 6d $\mathcal{N} = (2, 0)$ theories
Creators: name: Meneghelli, Carlo
name: Trépanier, Maxime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two complementary approaches to calculating the 2-point function of stress tensors in the presence of a 1/2 BPS surface defect of the 6d $\mathcal{N} = (2,0)$ theories. First, we use analytical bootstrap techniques at large $N$ to obtain the first nontrivial correction to this correlator, from which we extract the defect CFT (dCFT) data characterising the 2d dCFT of the 1/2 BPS plane. Along the way we derive a supersymmetric inversion formula, obtain the relevant superconformal blocks and check that crossing symmetry is satisfied. Notably our result features a holomorphic function whose appearance is related to the chiral algebra construction of Beem, Rastelli and van Rees. Second, we use that chiral algebra description to obtain exact results for the BPS sector of the dCFT, valid at any $N$ and for any choice of surface operator. These results provide a window into the dynamics of strings of the mysterious 6d theories.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures; v2: fixed typo in eqn (4.20), minor edits, published version
Probing CP violation with non-unitary mixing in long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments: DUNE as a case study
Creators: name: Escrihuela, F. J.
name: Forero, D. V.
name: Miranda, O. G.
name: Tórtola, M.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When neutrino masses arise from the exchange of neutral heavy leptons, as in most seesaw schemes, the effective lepton mixing matrix $N$ describing neutrino propagation is non-unitary, hence neutrinos are not exactly orthonormal. New CP violation phases appear in $N$ that could be confused with the standard phase $δ_{\text{CP}}$ characterizing the three neutrino paradigm. We study the potential of the long-baseline neutrino experiment DUNE in probing CP violation induced by the standard CP phase in the presence of non-unitarity. In order to accomplish this we develop our previous formalism, so as to take into account the neutrino interactions with the medium, important in long baseline experiments such as DUNE. We find that the expected CP sensitivity of DUNE is somewhat degraded with respect to that characterizing the standard unitary case. However the effect is weaker than might have been expected thanks mainly to the wide neutrino beam. We also investigate the sensitivity of DUNE to the parameters characterizing non-unitarity. In this case we find that there is no improvement expected with respect to the current situation, unless the near detector setup is revamped.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, final version accepted for publication in NJP
High Redshift Galaxy Surveys with JWST and Roman
Creators: name: Bagley, Micaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Galaxy Surveys at High Redshift

description: The shape and evolution of the rest-frame UV luminosity function constrains the relative importance of the physical processes governing the conversion of gas into stars. While tremendous progress has been made with ultra-deep Hubble surveys such as the Hubble Ultra Deep Field and the Hubble Frontier Fields, there were very few pre-Cycle 1 empirical constraints on these processes at the highest redshifts. The first year of JWST observations is already changing our understanding of the high redshift universe, with many new photometrically-identified z>10 candidates as well as a growing number of spectroscopically confirmed galaxies. These early results are providing a picture of a universe that builds up mass in galaxies early and efficiently, though the Cycle 1 JWST observations cover relatively small areas and/or shallow depths. The Roman Space Telescope offers an incredible opportunity to pursue imaging at the depth of the HUDF but over an area ~100 times larger, combining areas large enough to probe the large-scale structure and clustering properties of early galaxies to overcome cosmic variance, and deep enough to constrain the faint end slope of the luminosity function. I will summarize some of the high-redshift results that have come out of this first year of JWST science operations from large programs such as CEERS, and will discuss some of the ways that a Roman deep field can advance our understanding of the high-redshift universe even further.
Axial Vector Form Factors of the Nucleon from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Gupta, Rajan
name: Jang, Yong-Chull
name: Lin, Huey-Wen
name: Yoon, Boram
name: Bhattacharya, Tanmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the form factors of the isovector axial vector current in the nucleon state using large scale simulations of lattice QCD. The calculations were done using eight ensembles of gauge configurations generated by the MILC collaboration using the HISQ action with 2+1+1 dynamical flavors. These ensembles span three lattice spacings $a \approx 0.06, 0.09$ and $0.12$ fm and light-quark masses corresponding to the pion masses $M_π\approx 135, 225$ and $310$ MeV. High-statistics estimates allow us to quantify systematic uncertainties in the extraction of $G_A(Q^2)$ and the induced pseudoscalar form factor $\tilde{G}_P(Q^2)$. We perform a simultaneous extrapolation in the lattice spacing, lattice volume and light-quark masses of the axial charge radius $r_A$ data to obtain physical estimates. Using the dipole ansatz to fit the $Q^2$ behavior we obtain $r_A|_{\rm dipole} = 0.49(3)$ fm, which corresponds to ${\cal M}_A = 1.39(9)$ GeV, and is consistent with ${\cal M}_A = 1.35(17)$ GeV obtained by the miniBooNE collaboration. The estimate obtained using the $z$-expansion is $r_A|_{z-{\rm expansion}} = 0.46(6)$ fm, and the combined result is $r_A|_{\rm combined} = 0.48(4)$ fm. Analysis of the induced pseudoscalar form factor $\tilde{G}_P(Q^2)$ yields low estimates for $g_P^\ast$ and $g_{π{\rm NN}}$ compared to their phenomenological values. To understand these, we analyze the partially conserved axial current (PCAC) relation by also calculating the pseudoscalar form factor. We find that these low values are due to large deviations in the PCAC relation between the three form factors and from the pion-pole dominance hypothesis.
description: 35 figures and 18 tables
A Maximum Entropy Principle for inferring the Distribution of 3D Plasmoids
Creators: name: Lingam, Manasvi
name: Comisso, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Principle of Maximum Entropy, a powerful and general method for inferring the distribution function given a set of constraints, is applied to deduce the overall distribution of 3D plasmoids (flux ropes/tubes) for systems where resistive MHD is applicable and large numbers of plasmoids are produced. The analysis is undertaken for the 3D case, with mass, total flux and velocity serving as the variables of interest, on account of their physical and observational relevance. The distribution functions for the mass, width, total flux and helicity exhibit a power-law behavior with exponents of $-4/3$, $-2$, $-3$ and $-2$ respectively for small values, whilst all of them display an exponential falloff for large values. In contrast, the velocity distribution, as a function of $v = |{\bf v}|$, is shown to be flat for $v \rightarrow 0$, and becomes a power law with an exponent of $-7/3$ for $v \rightarrow \infty$. Most of these results are nearly independent of the free parameters involved in this specific problem. A preliminary comparison of our results with the observational evidence is presented, and some of the ensuing space and astrophysical implications are briefly discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Plasmas; 6 figures; 14 pages
Scaling behavior of observables as a model characteristic in multifield inflation
Creators: name: Lynker, Monika
name: Schimmrigk, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the fundamental questions in inflation is how to characterize the structure of different types of models in the field theoretic landscape. Proposals in this direction include attempts to directly characterize the formal structure of the theory by considering complexity measures of the potentials. An alternative intrinsic approach is to focus on the behavior of the observables that result from different models and to ask whether their behavior differs among models. This type of analysis can be applied even to nontrivial multifield theories where a natural measure of the complexity of the model is not obvious and the analytical evaluation of the observables is often impossible. In such cases one may still compute these observables numerically and investigate their behavior. One interesting case is when observables show a scaling behavior, in which case theories can be characterized in terms of their scaling amplitudes and exponents. Generically, models have nontrivial parameter spaces, leading to exponents that are functions of these parameters. In such cases we consider an iterative procedure to determine whether the exponent functions in turn lead to a scaling behavior. We show that modular inflation models can be characterized by families of simple scaling laws and that the scaling exponents that arise in this way in turn show a scaling law in dependence of these varying energy scales.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures; extended JCAP version, corrected typos
A Comparison Between Tsetlin Machines and Deep Neural Networks in the Context of Recommendation Systems
Creators: name: Borgersen, Karl Audun
name: Goodwin, Morten
name: Sharma, Jivitesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommendation Systems (RSs) are ubiquitous in modern society and are one of the largest points of interaction between humans and AI. Modern RSs are often implemented using deep learning models, which are infamously difficult to interpret. This problem is particularly exasperated in the context of recommendation scenarios, as it erodes the user's trust in the RS. In contrast, the newly introduced Tsetlin Machines (TM) possess some valuable properties due to their inherent interpretability. TMs are still fairly young as a technology. As no RS has been developed for TMs before, it has become necessary to perform some preliminary research regarding the practicality of such a system. In this paper, we develop the first RS based on TMs to evaluate its practicality in this application domain. This paper compares the viability of TMs with other machine learning models prevalent in the field of RS. We train and investigate the performance of the TM compared with a vanilla feed-forward deep learning model. These comparisons are based on model performance, interpretability/explainability, and scalability. Further, we provide some benchmark performance comparisons to similar machine learning solutions relevant to RSs.
description: Accepted to NLDL 2023