cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the influence of microstructural traps on hydrogen assisted fatigue
Creators: name: Fernández-Sousa, Rebeca
name: Betegón, Covadonga
name: Martínez-Pañeda, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of microstructural traps on hydrogen diffusion and embrittlement in the presence of cyclic loads. A mechanistic, multi-trap model for hydrogen transport is developed, implemented into a finite element framework, and used to capture the variation of crack tip lattice and trapped hydrogen concentrations as a function of the loading frequency, the trap binding energies and the trap densities. We show that the maximum value attained by the lattice hydrogen concentration during the cyclic analysis exhibits a notable sensitivity to the ratio between the loading frequency and the effective diffusion coefficient. This is observed for both hydrogen pre-charged samples (closed-systems) and samples exposed to a permanent source of hydrogen (open-systems). Experiments are used to determine the critical concentration for embrittlement, by mapping the range of frequencies where the output is the same as testing in inert environments. We then quantitatively investigate and discuss the implications of developing materials with higher trap densities in mitigating embrittlement in the presence of cyclic loads. It is shown that, unlike the static case, increasing the density of "beneficial traps" is a viable strategy in designing alloys resistant to hydrogen assisted fatigue for both closed- and open-systems.
U.S. Cotton Acreage Response Due to Subsidized Crop Insurance
Creators: name: Tronstad, Russell
name: Bool, Romilee
name: Tronstad, Russell
name: Bool, Romilee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: subsidy per pound
subject: rate of return simultaneous
subject: panel
subject: fixed effects

description: U.S. farm policy has undergone a series of premium subsidy increases since 1994 to make crop insurance more affordable to farmers. Previous research shows that subsidized crop insurance may cause farmers to shift or expand their production. This study models the acreage response of U.S. cotton at the county level to subsidized crop insurance using simultaneous insurance participation and acreage response equations. Results of panel data analyses from 1995 to 2005 suggest that higher insurance benefits, such as subsidy per unit of production, encourages crop insurance participation which then stimulates additional crop acreage. In addition, counties with relatively low yields are more responsive to insurance participation and acreage than high yielding counties. Empirical evidence implies that crop insurance policies for cotton are shifting the regional comparative advantage of production from relatively high yielding and quality counties to lower yielding and quality counties.
description: AAEA Selected Paper
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 08/11/10.
IMPACT OF US AND EUROPEAN BIOFUEL POLICIES ON FOREST CARBON
Creators: name: Kim, Yoon Hyung
name: Sohngen, Brent
name: Golub, Alla A.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Rose, Steven K.
name: Kim, Yoon Hyung
name: Sohngen, Brent
name: Golub, Alla A.
name: Hertel, Thomas W.
name: Rose, Steven K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Biofuel policy
subject: Indirect land use effects
subject: Forest carbon sequestration

description: This paper develops a dynamic, regional analysis of the effects of US and European biofuel mandates on land use, forestry stocks, and carbon emissions. The results suggest that these mandates may cause an additional 23-26 million hectares of forestland losses globally, but additional carbon emissions of 1.2 – 1.6 billion t CO2. The estimates are found to be sensitive to the elasticity parameter on the land supply function in the model, with the higher elasticity estimates associated with larger carbon losses. The regional analysis turns out to be quite important, because some regions end up gaining forestland and increasing carbon stocks. The regional and dynamic effects have been missed by most other noteworthy analyses of the induced land use effects of biofuel policies, potentially leading the authors to overstate the impacts by 3-6 times.
Business Dynamics and Informal Contracts: Experimental Evidence from the Cowpea Street Food Sector in West Africa
Creators: name: Otoo, Miriam
name: Fulton, Joan R.
name: Wu, Steven Y.
name: Ibro, Germaine
name: Otoo, Miriam
name: Fulton, Joan R.
name: Wu, Steven Y.
name: Ibro, Germaine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Incomplete contracts
subject: Street food vendors
subject: Experimental economics

description: We use field experiments in Niger to investigate the nature and efficiency of contractual structures in market transactions between kossai vendors and cowpea grinders (key input suppliers). Three contractual structures were employed: gift contract, standard price contract and discretionary bonus contract (most incomplete). Gift contracts and standard price contracts involve an upfront payment of grinding fees where discretionary bonus contracts involve payment after the quality of service is observed. Gift contracts were found to be the most ex-ante efficient with the highest acceptance rates. Discretionary bonus contracts (most incomplete) were the most ex-post efficient that is, resulted in the highest quality. Our results suggest that the degree of incompleteness of different contractual structures influences the outcome of market transactions in the cowpea street food sector in West Africa.
Hash sort: A linear time complexity multiple-dimensional sort algorithm
Creators: name: Gilreath, William F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sorting and hashing are two completely different concepts in computer science, and appear mutually exclusive to one another. Hashing is a search method using the data as a key to map to the location within memory, and is used for rapid storage and retrieval. Sorting is a process of organizing data from a random permutation into an ordered arrangement, and is a common activity performed frequently in a variety of applications. Almost all conventional sorting algorithms work by comparison, and in doing so have a linearithmic greatest lower bound on the algorithmic time complexity. Any improvement in the theoretical time complexity of a sorting algorithm can result in overall larger gains in implementation performance.. A gain in algorithmic performance leads to much larger gains in speed for the application that uses the sort algorithm. Such a sort algorithm needs to use an alternative method for ordering the data than comparison, to exceed the linearithmic time complexity boundary on algorithmic performance. The hash sort is a general purpose non-comparison based sorting algorithm by hashing, which has some interesting features not found in conventional sorting algorithms. The hash sort asymptotically outperforms the fastest traditional sorting algorithm, the quick sort. The hash sort algorithm has a linear time complexity factor -- even in the worst case. The hash sort opens an area for further work and investigation into alternative means of sorting.
Detection of Gravitational Waves Using Bayesian Neural Networks
Creators: name: Lin, Yu-Chiung
name: Wu, Jiun-Huei Proty
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new model of Bayesian Neural Networks to not only detect the events of compact binary coalescence in the observational data of gravitational waves (GW) but also identify the full length of the event duration including the inspiral stage. This is achieved by incorporating the Bayesian approach into the CLDNN classifier, which integrates together the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and the Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Network (LSTM). Our model successfully detect all seven BBH events in the LIGO Livingston O2 data, with the periods of their GW waveforms correctly labeled. The ability of a Bayesian approach for uncertainty estimation enables a newly defined `awareness' state for recognizing the possible presence of signals of unknown types, which is otherwise rejected in a non-Bayesian model. Such data chunks labeled with the awareness state can then be further investigated rather than overlooked. Performance tests with 40,960 training samples against 512 chunks of 8-second real noise mixed with mock signals of various optimal signal-to-noise ratio $0 \leq ρ_\text{opt} \leq 18$ show that our model recognizes 90% of the events when $ρ_\text{opt} >7$ (100% when $ρ_\text{opt} >8.5$) and successfully labels more than 95% of the waveform periods when $ρ_\text{opt} >8$. The latency between the arrival of peak signal and generating an alert with the associated waveform period labeled is only about 20 seconds for an unoptimized code on a moderate GPU-equipped personal computer. This makes our model possible for nearly real-time detection and for forecasting the coalescence events when assisted with deeper training on a larger dataset using the state-of-art HPCs.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
Experimental Realization of Near-Field Photonic Routing with All-Electric Metasources
Creators: name: Long, Yang
name: Ren, Jie
name: Guo, Zhiwei
name: Jiang, Haitao
name: Wang, Yuqian
name: Sun, Yong
name: Chen, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatially confined evanescent microwave photonics have been proved to be highly desirable in broad practical scenarios ranging from robust information communications to efficient quantum interactions. However, the feasible applications of these photonics modes are limited due to the lack of fundamental understandings and feasible directional coupling approaches at sub-wavelengths. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the efficient near-field photonic routing achieved in waveguides composed of two kinds of single-negative metamaterials. Without mimicking the polarization features, we propose all-electric near-field metasource in subwavelength scale and exemplify its near-field functions like Janus, Huygens and spin sources, corresponding to time-reversal, parity-time and parity symmetries of its inner degree of freedom. Our work furthers the understandings about optical near-field symmetry and feasible engineering approaches of directional couplings, which would pave the way for promising integrated mircrowave photonics devices.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Effects of Clean Water Act Regulations on Firm-Level Decisions in Agriculture
Creators: name: Sneeringer, Stacy E.
name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Sneeringer, Stacy E.
name: Key, Nigel D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: livestock
subject: Clean Water Act
subject: growth
subject: regulation

description: U.S. environmental regulations often vary by the size of the operation, with larger operations facing more regulatory stringency. When the size distribution of firms is heavily skewed, regulation size thresholds can reduce transaction costs for regulatory agencies while bringing most production within a regulatory framework. However, size-based regulation may have unintended consequences if operations downsize, slow their growth, or enter at a smaller size in order to avoid regulation. These unintended consequences from regulation may include less pollution abatement and diminished economic efficiency. In this study we examine recently revised Clean Water Act (CWA) regulations targeting large-scale livestock operations to identify and quantify farm responses to this regulation. We find statistical evidence that farms adjust size in order to avoid regulation. Additionally farms in states with relatively higher costs of regulatory compliance experience on average 23% less growth than comparable farms in other states, net of prior state-level trends in growth. In these states, regulated farms also experience a 5.8% greater chance of exit.
Experimental and computational simulations of nematogenic liquid crystals based on cinnamic acid in pure and mixed state
Creators: name: Khushaim, Muna S.
name: Alalawy, Hafsa H.
name: Naoum, Magdi M.
name: Ahmed, Hoda A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Homologous series of nematogenic azomethine liquid crystals bearing different terminal alkoxy-chain lengths, 4-(cinnamolyloxy)benzylidene-4ʹ-n-alkoxyanilines (In), were synthesised and investigated via practical and theoretical tools. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarised optical microscopy (POM) were used for mesomorphic and optical investigations. While the computational simulations and geometrical parameter estimations were carried out using a DFT approach at B3LYP/6-31 G(d,p) level of theory. The results revealed that all of the investigated compounds showed to exhibit the enantiotropic nematic mesophase. The temperature range of the nematic phase depends on the length of the terminally attached flexible alkoxy chain. Theoretical calculations were conducted and found to confirm the experimental data values of the mesophase stability and its temperature range. Furthermore, the length of the terminal alkoxy chains showed to exhibit remarkable effects on the stability of the mesophase as well as their thermal and physical properties. The mesomorphic and optical properties determined were correlated with the theoretically calculated parameters and the study revealed that many factors in different extents contribute together to manifest the behaviour of the observed nematic phase. The binary phase diagram of two corresponding homologues was constructed and their binary phase thermal properties were discussed in terms of the temperature range of the nematic phase.
ADJUSTMENT OF POLAND’S AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECTOR TO CHALLENGES OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
Creators: name: Kowalski, Andrzej
name: Wigier, Marek
name: Chmielinski, Pawel
name: Kowalski, Andrzej
name: Wigier, Marek
name: Chmielinski, Pawel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: multifunctional agriculture
subject: common agricultural policy
subject: rural development
subject: Poland

description: Paper is aimed in assessment of first period of Poland’s membership in EU and covering agriculture and rural areas with the support under the Common Agricultural Policy in the context of future challenges faced by the agricultural policy. Analysis shows that accession to EU became a strong impulse for growth of the Polish food economy, however the main challenge for the Common Agricultural Policy in future, from Poland’s perspective, will be strengthening the multifunctional agriculture, i.e. territorial cohesion and positive effects of agricultural activity on natural environment.
Performance analysis of destination multiplexing for wireless LANs
Creators: name: Zhuang, Youli
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis describes the performance of the IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol with and without destination multiplexing. The IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol, the most widely used standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), allows the wireless channel to be effectively shared by portable computers or wireless stations. In this thesis we consider the most common WLAN structure, one where wireless stations connect to a "backbone" wired LAN through a fixed base station or access point (AP). We consider the traffic from APs to wireless stations since typically most of the data flows in this direction. We also take into account fading since it is unavoidable in real wireless channels. An AP using First In First Out (FIFO) packet scheduling transmits or retransmits a data frame until it is successfully received. Fading that lasts for several retransmissions will degrade the performance of the system. Destination multiplexing selects a different destination after a failed transmission. Because of the statistical independence of the fading between the AP and different wireless stations, a transmission to another destination is more likely to be successful. We performed a computer simulation study of throughput and average delay for the overall system. The following factors were studied in our simulations: different data rates, different number of nodes, collision effect, different data frame length, effect of RTS/CTS control frames, different algorithms in selection of next frame, and the effect of fading channel parameters. Our results show that under some conditions destination multiplexing can improve the throughput more than 20 to 30 percent and decrease the average delay significantly.
An Extended Analysis of Heavy Neutral Leptons during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Sabti, Nashwan
name: Magalich, Andrii
name: Filimonova, Anastasiia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy Neutral Leptons (HNLs) are strongly motivated by theory due to their capability of simultaneously explaining the observed phenomena of dark matter, neutrino oscillations and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. The existence of such particles would affect the expansion history of the Universe and the synthesis of primordial abundances of light elements. In this work we review, revise and extend the phenomenology of HNLs during the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) epoch for masses up to 1 GeV. This is of great importance, as BBN is able to provide complementary bounds to those from upcoming and proposed laboratory experiments. To this end we have developed a high-precision Boltzmann code that simulates BBN in the presence of HNLs and takes into account all relevant HNL decay channels, as well as subsequent interactions of decay products (thermalization and decay showers), dilution due to QCD phase transition, active neutrino oscillations and corrections to the weak reaction rates. We present robust bounds on the lifetime and mixing angles of HNLs for masses $3\,\mathrm{MeV}\leq m_N \leq 1\,\mathrm{GeV}$ and show that BBN is able to constrain HNL lifetimes down to $0.03 - 0.05$ s, depending on the mixing pattern. Moreover, combining our results with current experimental searches, we can exclude HNLs that mix purely with electron neutrinos up to ${\sim}$450 MeV and those that mix purely with muon neutrinos up to ${\sim}$360 MeV, in both cases for lifetimes up to at least a few tens of seconds. Finally, we compare the BBN constraints with those obtained from Cosmic Microwave Background observations and explore how our results will be improved by a number of upcoming and proposed laboratory experiments.
description: 66 pages, 17 figures, 10 tables - v3: journal version
Radiatively Generated Isospin Violations in the Nucleon and the NuTeV Anomaly
Creators: name: Glück, M.
name: Jimenez-Delgado, P.
name: Reya, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predictions of isospin asymmetries of valence and sea distributions are presented which are generated by QED leading ${\cal{O}}(α)$ photon bremsstrahlung effects. Together with isospin violations arising from nonperturbative hadronic sources (such as quark and target mass differences) as well as with even a conservative contribution from a strangeness asymmetry ($s\neq \bar{s}$), the discrepancy between the large NuTeV `anomaly' result for $\sin^2θ_W$ and the world average of other measurements is removed.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Synthesis of new mesomorphic terphenyl derivatives: the influence of terphenylene and functional fragments on the mesomorphic properties and ligand exchange on quantum dots
Creators: name: Bezborodov, V. S.
name: Finko, A. V.
name: Mikhalyonok, S. G.
name: Derikov, Y. I.
name: Shandryuk, G. А.
name: Kuz’menok, N. M.
name: Arol, A. S.
name: Karpov, O. N.
name: Talroze, R. V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We describe the synthesis and physical-chemical properties of new anisotropic derivatives of terphenyl. They have been prepared by the modification of corresponding 3,6-disubstituted cyclohex-2-enone and the interaction with ethyl ester of 6-bromohexanoic acid. The synthesised compounds: 4ʹʹ-((1s, 4r)-4-butylcyclohexyl)-2ʹ-chloro-[1,1ʹʹ:4ʹ,1ʹʹ-terphenyl]-4-ol (TERPh-OH), 6-((4ʹʹ-((1s, 4r)-4-butylcyclohexyl)-2ʹ-chloro-[1,1ʹ:4ʹ,1ʹʹ-terphenyl]-4-yl)oxy)hexanoic acid (TERPh-COOH) and 8-((4ʹʹ-((1s, 4r)-4-butylcyclohexyl)-2ʹ-chloro-[1,1ʹ:4ʹ,1ʹʹ-terphenyl]-4-yl)oxy)oct-1-en-3-one (TERPh-VK) were used for the preparation of liquid crystals and their properties were studied. TERPh-COOH is capable of interacting with inorganic nanoparticles providing thus a tool for the creation new nanocomposite materials. TERPh-VK demonstrates the ability to polymerise with the formation of a LC polymer.
Large-n expansion for m-axial Lifshitz points
Creators: name: Shpot, M. A.
name: Pis'mak, Yu. M.
name: Diehl, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large-n expansion is developed for the study of critical behaviour of d-dimensional systems at m-axial Lifshitz points with an arbitrary number m of modulation axes. The leading non-trivial contributions of O(1/n) are derived for the two independent correlation exponents η_{L2} and η_{L4}, and the related anisotropy index θ. The series coefficients of these 1/n corrections are given for general values of m and d with 0
description: 28 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to: J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys., special issue dedicated to Lothar Schaefer on the occasion of his 60th birthday. V2: References added along with corresponding modifications in the text, corrected figure 3, corrected typos
Recent Developments in the Lorentz Integral Transform (LIT) Method
Creators: name: Orlandini, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results on electromagnetic reactions into the continuum of systems with A from 3 to 7 are presented. They have been obtained using the Lorentz Integral Transform (LIT) method. The method is shortly reviewed, emphasizing how all the results, though obtained with the sole ingredient of the N-N potential, contain the full complicated dynamics of the A-body system, both in the initial and in the final states.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Proc. XIX European Few-Body Conf., Groningen, Aug. 23-27, 2004
Additional file 1 of Intravenous lidocaine to prevent endothelial dysfunction after major abdominal surgery: a randomized controlled pilot trial
Creators: name: Pustetto, Marco
name: Goldsztejn, Nicolas
name: Touihri, Karim
name: Engelman, Edgard
name: Ickx, Brigitte
name: Obbergh, Luc Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Image 1 shows the standard set up for a participant.
Biconical-dominated Accretion Flow onto Seed Black Holes in a Hyper-accretion Regime
Creators: name: Park, KwangHo
name: Wise, John H.
name: Bogdanović, Tamara
name: Ricotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hyperaccretion occurs when the gas inflow rate onto a black hole (BH) is so high that the radiative feedback cannot reverse the accretion flow. This extreme process is a promising mechanism for the rapid growth of seed BHs in the early universe, which can explain high-redshift quasars powered by billion solar mass BHs. In theoretical models, spherical symmetry is commonly adopted for hyperaccretion flows; however, the sustainability of such structures on timescales corresponding to the BH growth has not been addressed yet. Here we show that stochastic interactions between the ionizing radiation from the BH and nonuniform accretion flow can lead to the formation of a rotating gas disk around the BH. Once the disk forms, the supply of gas to the BH preferentially occurs via biconical-dominated accretion flow perpendicular to the disk, avoiding the centrifugal barrier of the disk. Biconical-dominated accretion flows from opposite directions collide in the vicinity of the BH supplying high-density, low angular momentum gas to the BH, whereas most of the gas with nonnegligible angular momentum is deflected to the rotationally supported outflowing decretion disk. The disk becomes reinforced progressively as more mass from the biconical flow transfers to the disk and some of the outflowing gas from the disk is redirected to the biconical accretion funnels through a meridional structure. This axisymmetric hydrodynamic structure of a biconical-dominated accretion flow and decretion disk continues to provide uninterrupted flow of high-density gas to the BH.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Effect of nematic liquid crystal on light extraction in perovskite light-emitting diodes
Creators: name: Wu, Mengge
name: Hou, Sihui
name: Yu, Xinge
name: Yu, Junsheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Perovskite materials have been widely applied as the active emitter in light-emitting diodes for display and illumination. The key evaluation index of the perovskite light-emitting device (PeLED) is external quantum efficiency (EQE) determined by the efficiencies of radiative recombination and light extraction simultaneously. In this work, the effects of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) on light extraction of bulk perovskite are firstly and systematically studied, and the performance improved PeLEDs are further fabricated. The luminance as large as 5033 cd/m2 and EQE of 0.32% are obtained, both having an order of magnitude improvement over the reference device. Results demonstrate that the presence of rod-shaped nematic liquid crystals reduces the large refractive index contrast between the bulk perovskite layer and charge transportation layers and induces light to propagate in an out-of-plane direction instead of non-directional scattering. Moreover, this PeLED shows great device stability since the passivation effect of amino groups of nematic liquid crystals. This work suggests that the utilisation of nematic liquid crystal can be a cost-effective strategy for achieving a high-performance perovskite-based optoelectronic device.
New Optical and Near-Infrared Surface Brightness Fluctuations Models. II. Young and Intermediate Age Stellar Populations
Creators: name: Raimondo, G.
name: Brocato, E.
name: Cantiello, M.
name: Capaccioli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical surface-brightness fluctuations (SBF) amplitudes for single-burst stellar populations of young and intermediate age ($25 Myr \leq t \leq 5 Gyr$), and $Z=0.0003$, 0.001, 0.004, 0.008, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.04. We pay attention to the contribution of thermal-pulses asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) stars. The sensitivity of the predicted SBF to changes in the mass-loss scenario along the TP-AGB phase is examined. Below 0.6-$1 Gyr$ both optical and NIR SBF models exhibit a strong dependence on age and mass loss. We also evaluate SBF amplitudes by using Monte Carlo techniques to reproduce the random variation in the number of stars experiencing bright and fast evolutionary phases (Red Giant Branch, AGB, TP-AGB). We provide constraints upon the faintest integrated flux of real stellar populations required to derive reliable and meaningful SBF measurements. We analyze a technique for deriving SBF amplitudes of star clusters from the photometry of individual stars, and estimate the indetermination due to statistical effects, which may impinge on the procedure. The first optical SBF measurements for 11 Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) star rich clusters - with age ranging from few $Myr$ to several $Gyr$ - are derived by using Hubble Space Telescope observations. The measurements are successfully compared to our SBF predictions, thus providing a good agreement with models of metallicity $Z = 0.0001$-0.01. A mass loss as a power-law function of the TP-AGB star luminosity is required in order to properly reproduce the optical SBF data of the LMC clusters. We suggest how to overcome the general problem of SBF models in reproducing the details of the near-infrared SBF measurements of the Magellanic Cloud star clusters.
description: 52 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables, AJ accepted
SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES AS DEVELOPMENT FACTOR OF AGRIBUSINESS IN REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Creators: name: Maletic, Radojka
name: Ceranic, Slobodan
name: Maletic, Radojka
name: Ceranic, Slobodan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: SME
subject: agribusiness development
subject: transition
subject: market

description: Development of strong and competitive sector of small and medium enterprises has very important role in process of total transition in Republic of Serbia. This sector should be one of the guidelines of economical development and future, like in developed countries. Within the Strategy of development of SME and entrepreneurship in Republic of Serbia from 2003 to 2008 government of the Republic of Serbia, not accidentally, placed among many sectors which are expected to contribute and boost economical development, increase the employment rate, and realize increased influx of means deriving from export, the priority is on sector of processing of agricultural products. It can be concluded that significant contribution from agriculture to improvement of total economical situation is expected. Accession to EU should be considered primarily not only as the opportunity but serious task in regard to restructuring of the agriculture. However, impeding circumstance, in regard to export of agricultural-food products, first of all to EU countries, is the fact that this market is under strict protective measures within the policy of agriculture and measures of agrarian protectionism. In such conditions it is very difficult for producers and processors of food to enter such closed markets. Small and medium enterprises are facing the choice of the business strategy: – to place the existing product on current market; – to place the existing product on new markets, including export; – to sell the new product on existing market; – to place the new product on new markets, including export. Therefore, based on analysis of domestic market, volume and structure of import and export of agricultural and food products, as well as analysis of food industry and agricultural production in Serbia, it is necessary to define potential programs for small and medium enterprises with production which could be economically efficient and profitable from the aspect of investment.
Labelled transition systems as a Stone space
Creators: name: Huth, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.2; F.4.1

description: A fully abstract and universal domain model for modal transition systems and refinement is shown to be a maximal-points space model for the bisimulation quotient of labelled transition systems over a finite set of events. In this domain model we prove that this quotient is a Stone space whose compact, zero-dimensional, and ultra-metrizable Hausdorff topology measures the degree of bisimilarity such that image-finite labelled transition systems are dense. Using this compactness we show that the set of labelled transition systems that refine a modal transition system, its ''set of implementations'', is compact and derive a compactness theorem for Hennessy-Milner logic on such implementation sets. These results extend to systems that also have partially specified state propositions, unify existing denotational, operational, and metric semantics on partial processes, render robust consistency measures for modal transition systems, and yield an abstract interpretation of compact sets of labelled transition systems as Scott-closed sets of modal transition systems.
description: Changes since v2: Metadata update
Entanglement entropies of equilibrated pure states in quantum many-body systems and gravity
Creators: name: Liu, Hong
name: Vardhan, Shreya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a universal approximation for the Renyi entropies of a pure state at late times in a non-integrable many-body system, which macroscopically resembles an equilibrium density matrix. The resulting expressions are fully determined by properties of the associated equilibrium density matrix, and are hence independent of the details of the initial state, while also being manifestly consistent with unitary time-evolution. For equilibrated pure states in gravity systems, such as those involving black holes, this approximation gives a prescription for calculating entanglement entropies using Euclidean path integrals which is consistent with unitarity and hence can be used to address the information loss paradox of Hawking. Applied to recent models of evaporating black holes and eternal black holes coupled to baths, it provides a derivation of replica wormholes, and elucidates their mathematical and physical origins. In particular, it shows that replica wormholes can arise in a system with a fixed Hamiltonian, without the need for ensemble averages.
description: 54 pages, 21 figures, v2: minor error corrected and references added
YURTIMIZDA INFORMATIKA FANINING RIVOJLANISH ISTIQBOLLARI HAQIDA
Creators: name: O'zbekistanRespublikasi   IIV Qoraqalpoq akademik litsey matematika fani o'qituvchisi Abdiniyazova Sawlexan Joldasbaevna informatika fani oqituvchisi Allambergenova Gozzal Xasenbaevna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Hozirgi zamon ilmiy-texnika taraqqiyotining asosi bo’lmish hisoblash texnikasidan ishlab-chiqarishning turli iqtisodiy vazifalarini hal etish va har xil murakkab masalalarni echishda keng foydalanilmoqda, chunki juda ko’p faktorlarni hisobga olish, ulkan hajmdagi axborotlar bilan ishlash zaruriyati- elektron mashinalarsiz hal etishga imkon bermaydi. Hisoblash texnikasi yordamida mashinasozlik, transport ishlab-chiqarishini rejalashtirish, loyihalash, hisoblash hamda tahlil ishlari keng hal qilinmoqda. Ushbu maqolada informatika zamon taraqqiyoti asosi ekanligi hamda yurtimizda ushbu fanning rivojlanish istiqbollari haqida so`z yuritilgan.

Kalit so`zlar: Informatika, antik davr, elektron xisoblash mashinalari (EXM), atom energetikasi, kosmosni o’zlashtirish, ob - xavoni bashorati, IT.
Adaptive Fuzzy Control for Fractional-Order Interconnected Systems with Unknown Control Directions
Creators: name: Liang, Bingyun
name: Zheng, Shiqi
name: Ahn, Choon Ki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper concentrates on the study of the decentralized fuzzy control method for a class of fractional-order interconnected systems with unknown control directions. To overcome the difficulties caused by the multiple unknown control directions in fractional-order systems, a novel fractional-order Nussbaum function technique is proposed. This technique is much more general than those of existing works since it not only handles single/multiple unknown control directions but is also suitable for fractional/integer-order single/interconnected systems. Based on this technique, a new decentralized adaptive control method is proposed for fractional-order interconnected systems. Smooth functions are introduced to compensate for unknown interactions among subsystems adaptively. Furthermore, fuzzy logic systems are utilized to approximate unknown nonlinearities. It is proven that the designed controller can guarantee the boundedness of all signals in interconnected systems and the convergence of tracking errors. Two examples are given to show the validity of the proposed method.
Additional file 2 of Phosphoproteomics of short-term hedgehog signaling in human medulloblastoma cells
Creators: name: Scheidt, Tamara
name: Alka, Oliver
name: Gonczarowska-Jorge, Humberto
name: Gruber, Wolfgang
name: Rathje, Florian
name: Dell’Aica, Margherita
name: Rurik, Marc
name: Kohlbacher, Oliver
name: Zahedi, René P.
name: Aberger, Fritz
name: Huber, Christian G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S-1. Eluent B (B) gradient range and gradient duration for the different analyzed fractions. Table S-2. Applied R-packages. Responsiveness of DAOY cells to SAG and vismodegib treatment. RNA isolation and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Table S-3. Primer Sequences used for qPCR. Figure S-1. Hedgehog target gene expression in SAG and vismodegib treated DAOY cells. Figure S-2. Comparable Hedgehog pathway induction by natural and synthetic HH pathway activators. Figure S-3. Distribution of protein groups identified after 5.0 min treatment (A) and 15 min treatment (B). Figure S-4. Ingenuity pathway analysis of all phosphopeptides identified after 15 min using a phosphorylation analysis. Figure S-5. Time dependent Ingenuity pathway analysis of cancer associated pathways. Figure S-6. Western blot validation of PKA activity modulation in response to SMO agonist and antagonists. Table S-4. Antibodies used for Western blot analysis. Figure S-7. Overlap of quantified phosphopeptides after 5.0 and 15 min. Figure S-8. Volcano plots of phosphopeptides identified after 5.0 min treatment. Figure S-9. Kinase substrate enrichment analysis (KSEA) was performed for phosphopeptides identified after 5.0 min treatment for the ratio SAG/Vismo using the online platform KSEA App (https://casecpb.shinyapps.io/ksea/). Figure S-10. Volcano plots and kinase set enrichment analysis for phosphopeptides identified after 15 min treatment. Figure S-11. IFT172 phosphorylation and expression after 5.0 and 15 min.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for McShane's identity and variations
Creators: name: Tan, Ser Peow
name: Wong, Yan Loi
name: Zhang, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32G15;57M50;30F60

description: Greg McShane introduced a remarkable identity for lengths of simple closed geodesics on the once punctured torus with a complete, finite volume hyperbolic structure. Bowditch later generalized this and gave sufficient conditions for the identity to hold for general type-preserving representations of a free group on two generators Γto SL(2,C). In this note we extend Bowditch's result by giving necessary and sufficient conditions for the identity to hold, and also for the generalized McShane identity to hold for arbitrary (not necessarily type preserving) representations. We also give a version of Bowditch's variation of McShane's identity to once-punctured torus bundles, to the case where the monodromy is generated by a reducible element, and provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the variation to hold.
description: Minor corrections, acknowlegement and correct reference to Akiyoshi-Miyachi-Sakuma for Theorem 1.3, and finally, a new result (Theorem 2.6) added
Phase behaviour of alkynyl-terminated bicyclo[3.3.0]octa-1,4-diene ligands: a serendipitous discovery of novel calamitic liquid crystals
Creators: name: Schulz, Finn
name: Deimling, Max
name: Laschat, Sabine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Chiral bicyclo[3.3.0]octadienes carrying two alkoxy- or alkynyloxy side chains are highly valuable ligands for asymmetric catalysis but have never been explored regarding their liquid crystalline self-assembly. Therefore, a series of bicyclo[3.3.0]octadienes was synthesised and studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarising optical microscopy (POM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to understand the role of the terminal alkyne unit in the side chain. Dienes with hexinyloxy or octinyloxy side chains behaved similar to the diene with hexyloxy chains, showing broad SmA phases and a pronounced tendency for supercooling. In contrast, dienes with mono- or diethylenglycolpropargylic ether chains displayed a decreased phase range and monotropic behaviour in the latter case, while the corresponding diene with propargylether side chains was non-mesomorphic.
New inversion methods for the Lorentz Integral Transform
Creators: name: Andreasi, Diego
name: Leidemann, Winfried
name: Reiss, Christoph
name: Schwamb, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lorentz Integral Transform approach allows microscopic calculations of electromagnetic reaction cross sections without explicit knowledge of final state wave functions. The necessary inversion of the transform has to be treated with great care, since it constitutes a so-called ill-posed problem. In this work new inversion techniques for the Lorentz Integral Transform are introduced. It is shown that they all contain a regularization scheme, which is necessary to overcome the ill-posed problem. In addition it is illustrated that the new techniques have a much broader range of application than the present standard inversion method of the Lorentz Integral Transform.
description: 12 pages. 12 figures, revtex4. submitted to Eur.Phys.J. A
Dirac cones and chiral selection of elastic waves in a soft strip
Creators: name: Lanoy, Maxime
name: Lemoult, Fabrice
name: Eddi, Antonin
name: Prada, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of in-plane elastic waves in a soft thin strip; a specific geometrical and mechanical hybrid framework which we expect to exhibit Dirac-like cone. We separate the low frequencies guided modes (typically 100 Hz for a centimetre wide strip) and obtain experimentally the full dispersion diagram. Dirac cones are evidenced together with other remarkable wave phenomena such as negative wave velocity or pseudo-zero group velocity (ZGV). Our measurements are convincingly supported by a model (and numerical simulation) for both Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions. Finally, we perform one-way chiral selection by carefully setting the source position and polarization. Therefore, we show that soft materials support atypical wave-based phenomena, which is all the more interesting as they make most of the biological tissues.
STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN REPUBLIKA SRPSKA – SMALL FARMS BETWEEN SUBSISTENCE ORIENTATION AND MODERNIZATION
Creators: name: Vittuari, Matteo
name: Segre, Andrea
name: Vittuari, Matteo
name: Segre, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: small farms
subject: structural change
subject: subsistence farming
subject: Republika Srpska

description: The paper aims to analyze the main barriers and opportunities for the modernization of the agricultural sector of Republika Srpska with a specific focus on the role of small farms. A particular attention has been given to specific elements related to the human, social, and institutional capital. Methodologically the work has been based on an extensive desk research, on the use of a field survey and on a number of personal interviews with national experts and professionals. Overall the investigation has also greatly benefited from the theoretical framework elaborated by R. Yin within the “case study methodology”.