cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The influence of microstructures and crystalline defects on the superconductivity of MgB2
Creators: name: Serquis, A.
name: Liao, X. Y.
name: Zhu, Y. T.
name: Coulter, J. Y.
name: Huang, J. Y.
name: Willis, J. O.
name: Peterson, D. E.
name: Mueller, F. M.
name: Moreno, N. O.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Indrakanti, S. S.
name: Nesterenko, V. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work studies the influence of microstructures and crystalline defects on the superconductivity of MgB2, with the objective to improve its flux pinning. A MgB2 sample pellet that was hot isostatic pressed (HIPed) was found to have significantly increased critical current density (Jc) at high fields than its un-HIPed counterpart. The HIPed sample had a Jc of 10000 A/cm2 in 50000 Oe (5 T) at 5K. This was 20 times higher than that of the un-HIPed sample, and the same as the best Jc reported by other research groups. Microstructures observed in scanning and transmission electron microscopy indicate that the HIP process eliminated porosity present in the MgB2 pellet resulting in an improved intergrain connectivity. Such improvement in intergrain connectivity was believed to prevent the steep Jc drop with magnetic field H that occurred in the un-HIPed MgB2 pellet at H > 45000 Oe (4.5 T) and T = 5 K. The HIP process was also found to disperse the MgO that existed at the grain boundaries of the un-HIPed MgB2 pellet and to generate more dislocations in the HIPed the pellets. These dispersed MgO particles and dislocations improved flux pinning also at H<45000 Oe. The HIPing process was also found to lower the resistivity at room temperature.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Learning about a Moving Target in Resource Management: Optimal Bayesian Disease Control
Creators: name: MacLachlan, Matthew J.
name: Springborn, Michael R.
name: Fackler, Paul L.
name: MacLachlan, Matthew J.
name: Springborn, Michael R.
name: Fackler, Paul L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Adaptive management
subject: bovine tuberculosis
subject: disease control
subject: Partially observable Markov decision process
subject: uncertainty

description: Resource managers must often make difficult choices in the face of imperfectly observed and dynamically changing systems (e.g. livestock, fisheries, water and invasive species). A rich set of techniques exists for identifying optimal choices under such uncertainty, though that uncertainty is typically, and unrealistically, assumed to be understood and irreducible. The adaptive management literature overcomes this limitation with tools for optimal learning, however rich descriptions of system dynamics are ironed out for tractability, e.g. the model component that is targeted for learning is not allowed to vary. We overcome this trade-off through a novel extension of the existing Partially Observable Markov Decision Process (POMDP) framework, to allow for learning about a dynamically changing and continuous state. We illustrate this methodology by exploring optimal control of bovine tuberculosis in New Zealand's cattle. Disease testing---the control variable---serves to identify herds for treatment and provide information on prevalence, which is both imperfectly observed and subject to change due to controllable and uncontrollable factors. We find substantial efficiency losses from both ignoring learning (standard stochastic optimization) and from simplifying system dynamics (standard adaptive management), though the latter effect dominates. We also find that under an adaptive management approach, simplifying dynamics can lead to a belief trap in which information gathering ceases, beliefs become increasingly inaccurate and losses abound.
Power-Law Behavior of Power Spectra in Low Prandtl Number Rayleigh-Benard Convection
Creators: name: Paul, M. R.
name: Cross, M. C.
name: Fischer, P. F.
name: Greenside, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the power-law decay measured in the power spectra of low Prandtl number Rayleigh-Benard convection near the onset of chaos is addressed using long time numerical simulations of the three-dimensional Boussinesq equations in cylindrical domains. The power-law is found to arise from quasi-discontinuous changes in the slope of the time series of the heat transport associated with the nucleation of dislocation pairs and roll pinch-off events. For larger frequencies, the power spectra decay exponentially as expected for time continuous deterministic dynamics.
description: (10 pages, 6 figures)
Computational studies of light acceptance and propagation in straight and curved optical fibres
Creators: name: Achenbach, C. P.
name: Cobb, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Monte Carlo simulation has been performed to track light rays in cylindrical fibres by ray optics. The trapping efficiencies for skew and meridional rays in active fibres and distributions of characteristic quantities for all trapped light rays have been calculated. The simulation provides new results for curved fibres, where the analytical expressions are too complex to be solved. The light losses due to sharp bending of fibres are presented as a function of the ratio of curvature to fibre radius and bending angle. It is shown that a radius of curvature to fibre radius ratio of greater than 65 results in a loss of less than 10% with the loss occuring in the initial stage of the bend (at bending angles Phi circa pi/8 rad).
description: to be published in J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt
ГРА ЯК ЗАСІБ ФОРМУВАННЯ ПІЗНАВАЛЬНОЇ САМОСТІЙНІСТІ ДІТЕЙ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ
Creators: name: Пастушенко В.В.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Пізнавальна самостійність – сформованість потреби і уміння самостійно мислити, здатності орієнтуватися в новій пізнавальній ситуації, самому бачити питання, задачу, віднаходити шляхи їх вирішення. Пізнавальна самостійність є складним комплексним поняттям, яке охоплює мотиваційний, змістовий і процесуальний компоненти.
Complete Information Balance in Quantum Measurement
Creators: name: Lee, Seung-Woo
name: Kim, Jaewan
name: Nha, Hyunchul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum measurement is a basic tool to manifest intrinsic quantum effects from fundamental tests to quantum information applications. While a measurement is typically performed to gain information on a quantum state, its role in quantum technology is indeed manifold. For instance, quantum measurement is a crucial process element in measurement-based quantum computation. It is also used to detect and correct errors thereby protecting quantum information in error-correcting frameworks. It is therefore important to fully characterize the roles of quantum measurement encompassing information gain, state disturbance and reversibility, together with their fundamental relations. Numerous efforts have been made to obtain the trade-off between information gain and state disturbance, which becomes a practical basis for secure information processing. However, a complete information balance is necessary to include the reversibility of quantum measurement, which constitutes an integral part of practical quantum information processing. We here establish all pairs of trade-off relations involving information gain, disturbance, and reversibility, and crucially the one among all of them together. By doing so, we show that the reversibility plays a vital role in completing the information balance. Remarkably, our result can be interpreted as an information-conservation law of quantum measurement in a nontrivial form. We completely identify the conditions for optimal measurements that satisfy the conservation for each tradeoff relation with their potential applications. Our work can provide a useful guideline for designing a quantum measurement in accordance with the aims of quantum information processors.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, final version
Corn and Soybean Marketing Contract Adoption and Site-Specificity
Creators: name: Elliott, Matthew S.
name: Elliott, Lisa M.
name: Lin, Yan
name: Elliott, Matthew S.
name: Elliott, Lisa M.
name: Lin, Yan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: transaction costs
subject: contracts
subject: soybeans
subject: corn
subject: integration
subject: site-specificity

description: Adoption of marketing contracts represents a subtle evolution from spot markets to more formal coordination using classical bilateral contracts. The increase use of marketing contracts for corn and soybeans has been observed within the context of a changing landscape to marketing outlets. Since 2000, there has been consolidation, changes in ownership of grain merchants and processors, and an unprecedented emergence of processors for domestic bioenergy. In this study, we assess the effect site-specificity has, for a given farms location, in the marketing contract adoption decision. Our preliminary results indicate support for site-specificity as an important factor to marketing contract adoption.
Note on (D6,D8) Bound State, Massive Duality and Non-commutativity
Creators: name: Singh, Harvendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study half-supersymmetric (D6,D8) bound state brane configuration of massive type IIA supergravity. We show that this bound state can also be generated by using massive T-duality rules of type-II supergravities in D=9, starting from D7-branes. We write down corresponding Killing spinors and find that these backgrounds indeed preserve 16 supersymmetries like any other D$p$-brane bound state with $B$-field. We also make a point on the massive nature of the $B$-field in this background. The Seiberg-Witten limits to obtain 9-dimensional NCYMs are also discussed, but the full understanding of such gauge theories remains unanswered.
description: 16 pages, JHEP3;v2: minor corrections & ref. added v3: paragraph added after eq.(3.6)
Geschlecht und Klasse : Wie können intersektionale Perspektiven in der feministischen Mädchen*sozialarbeit das Bewusstsein für eigene Differenzen stärken und dadurch die alltagsweltlichen Handlungsspielräume der Subjekte erweitern?
Creators: name: Kurt, Mehriban
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: geschlechtssensibler und klassenreflektierender Bildungsansätze
subject: feministischen Mädchen*arbeit
subject: 360

description: Die Arbeit soll Impulse für die Entwicklung spezifischer, geschlechtssensibler und klassenreflektierender Bildungsansätze in der feministischen Mädchen*arbeit geben, ohne den Anspruch auf eine abschließende Auseinandersetzung zu erheben.
Tilings of $(2\times2\times n)$-board with colored cubes and bricks
Creators: name: Németh, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B45, 05A19, 11B37, 11B39, 52C22

description: Several articles deal with tilings with squares and dominoes on 2-dimensional boards, but only a few on boards in 3-dimensional space. We examine a tiling problem with colored cubes and bricks of $(2\times2\times n)$-board in three dimensions. After a short introduction and the definition of breakability we show a way to get the number of the tilings of an $n$-long board considering the $(n-1)$-long board. It describes recursively the number of possible breakable and unbreakable tilings. Finally, we give some identities for the recursions using breakability. The method of determining the recursions in space can be useful in mathematical education as well.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Confronting Energy, Food, and Climate Challenges – Analyzing Tradeoffs in Agriculture and Land Use Change
Creators: name: Cai, Yongxia
name: Beach, Robert H.
name: Cai, Yongxia
name: Beach, Robert H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: Maintaining and improving future food and energy security poses key challenges globally, especially in the face of climate change and climate mitigation. a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model -- the Applied Dynamic Analysis of the Global Economy model focusing on agriculture and land use (ADAGE-ALU), is used to examine how the global economy, especially energy, agriculture and land use, responds when facing these challenges. Despite continued increases in land productivity and energy efficiency in future decades, the effects of population and economic growth would dominate, leading to global increases in agricultural production, but also rising food and energy prices as well as continually growing GHG emissions in the BAU scenario. Comparing the climate change scenario with the BAU scenario, there are substantial reductions in global crop production and significant further increases in food prices, but little change in fossil fuel and biofuel production and energy prices, and only mild increases in CO2 emissions due to land-use changes. Relative to the BAU case, the implementation of a carbon tax on emissions other than those from land use change leads to the expansion of global biofuel production and a shift in the mix of crops produced towards those used as biofuels feedstocks, raises food prices, and reduces oil consumption and price slightly. Meanwhile, GHG emissions are slightly reduced as a result of lower oil consumption. In the REDD scenario, some cropland is afforested to store carbon, leading to a moderate rise in food and energy prices and significant GHG emission reductions. When climate change, REDD scenarios are implemented together, we see even higher reductions in global crop production and larger food price increases, along with greater reduction in GHG emissions compared with the CC scenario.
Additional file 1 of decompTumor2Sig: identification of mutational signatures active in individual tumors
Creators: name: Krüger, Sandra
name: Piro, Rosario M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Figure S1: Distribution of the number of mutations in regions with a defined transcription strand of the 435 cancers of various types. Supplementary Figures S2-S4: Evaluation based on simulated genomes. Deviations from the expected exposures for simulated genomes with 100, 770 or 2334 mutations and different numbers of driving signatures. Supplementary figure S5: Comparison of contributions/weights (“exposures”) predicted for individual tumors and collectively computed “true” exposures using 27 signatures instead of 15. Supplementary figure S6: Mutational signature for mutations caused by spontaneous deamination of 5-methylcytosine according to the Shiraishi model and displayed using pmsignature. (PDF 120 kB)
Die Bedeutung von FilmheldInnen für Kinder im KiTa – Alter. Eine Analyse der Identifikationsfiguren am Beispiel von „Die Eiskönigin – völlig unverfroren“
Creators: name: Hörich, Saskia
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Merseburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FilmheldInnen
subject: KiTa-Alter
subject: Identifikationsfiguren
subject: Medienkonsum
subject: Medienverständnis
subject: Kinderfernsehen
subject: DDC::300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::304 Das Sozialverhalten beeinflussende Faktoren
subject: DDC::100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::152 Sinneswahrnehmung, Bewegung, Emotionen, Triebe

description: Die Arbeit trägt den Titel „Die Bedeutung von FilmheldInnen für Kinder im KiTa-Alter. Eine Analyse der Identifikationsfiguren am Beispiel von „Die Eiskönigin – völlig unverfroren“. Bevor eine Analyse mit Fokus auf die Identifikationsfiguren des Filmes vorgenommen wird, ist ein Überblick über den Medienkonsum und das Medienverständnis von Kindern zwischen drei und sechs Jahren anhand bereits vorhandener Literatur und empirischer Forschung gegeben. Dabei wird das derzeitige Fernseh- und Filmangebot für Kinder sowie die Rolle der Geschlechter im Kinderfernsehen beleuchtet. Um die Bedeutung und Besonderheiten von Filmfiguren herauszufinden, wurden Gruppeninterviews mit Kindern bezüglich der Charaktere der Eiskönigin geführt.
Magnetic Polarization Currents in Double Quantum Dot Devices
Creators: name: Cho, Sam Young
name: McKenzie, Ross H.
name: Kang, Kicheon
name: Kim, Chul Koo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate coherent electron transport through a parallel circuit of two quantum dots, each of which has a single tunable energy level. Electrons tunneling via each dot from the left lead interfere with each other at the right lead. It is shown that due to the quantum interference of tunneling electrons the double quantum dot device is magnetically polarized by coherent circulation of electrons on the closed path through the dots and the leads. Varying the energy level of each dot one can make the magnetic states of the device to be either {\em up-}, {\em non-}, or {\em down-} polarization. It is shown that for experimentally accessible temperatures and applied biases the magnetic polarization currents should be sufficiently large to observe with current nanotechnology.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
title: Richard E. Nettles, et al. "Intermittent HIV-1 Viremia (Blips) and Drug Resistance in Patients Receiving HAART FREE"
Creators: name: Nettles, Richard E.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Article extrait du journal JAMA, vol. 293, 2005 disponible sur le site https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/200373.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-201931112328303142
description: Relation: https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/200373
Institutional Environmnet: Property Tax Assessment Policy and Farm Property Tax Liability
Creators: name: Elliott, Matthew S.
name: Elliott, Lisa M.
name: Janssen, Larry
name: Elliott, Matthew S.
name: Elliott, Lisa M.
name: Janssen, Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: policy
subject: property tax
subject: farm

description: This study determines factors to agricultural effective property tax rates for the North Central region. Secondly, we measure the effect to use-value assessment policies on non-ag revenue sources across the region. The purpose is to inform the policy debate of use-value assessment policies and the distributional impacts.
Low frequency view of GRB 190114C reveals time varying shock micro-physics
Creators: name: Misra, K.
name: Resmi, L.
name: Kann, D. A.
name: Marongiu, M.
name: Moin, A.
name: Klose, S.
name: Bernardi, G.
name: Postigo, A. de Ugarte
name: Jaiswal, V. K.
name: Schulze, S.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Ghosh, A.
name: Dimple
name: Kumar, H.
name: Gupta, R.
name: Michałowski, M. J.
name: Martín, S.
name: Cockeram, A.
name: Cherukur, S. V.
name: Bhalerao, V.
name: Anderson, G. E.
name: Pandey, S. B.
name: Anupama, G. C.
name: Thöne, C. C.
name: Barway, S.
name: Wieringa, M. H.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Habeeb, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio and optical afterglow observations of the TeV-bright long Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) 190114C at a redshift of $z=0.425$, which was detected by the MAGIC telescope. Our observations with ALMA, ATCA, and uGMRT were obtained by our low frequency observing campaign and range from $\sim1$ to $\sim140$ days after the burst and the optical observations were done with three optical telescopes spanning up to $\sim25$ days after the burst. Long term radio/mm observations reveal the complex nature of the afterglow, which does not follow the spectral and temporal closure relations expected from the standard afterglow model. We find that the microphysical parameters of the external forward shock, representing the share of shock-created energy in the non-thermal electron population and magnetic field, are evolving with time. The inferred kinetic energy in the blast-wave depends strongly on the assumed ambient medium density profile, with a constant density medium demanding almost an order of magnitude higher energy than in the prompt emission, while a stellar wind-driven medium requires approximately the same amount energy as in prompt emission.
description: MNRAS, in press, expanded after referee report, 19 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables
X-ray Evidence for Spectroscopic Diversity of Type Ia Supernovae: XMM observation of the elemental abundance pattern in M87
Creators: name: Finoguenov, A.
name: Matsushita, K.
name: Boehringer, H.
name: Ikebe, Y.
name: Arnaud, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a detailed element abundance study of hot gas in M87, observed by XMM-Newton. We choose two radial bins, 1'-3' and 8'-16' (8'-14' for EMOS; hereafter the central and the outer zones), where the temperature is almost constant, to carry out the detailed abundance measurements of O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe and Ni using EPIC-PN (EPN) and -MOS (EMOS) data. First, we find that the element abundance pattern in the central compared to the outer zone in M87 is characterized by SN Ia enrichment of a high (roughly solar) ratio of Si-group elements (Si, S, Ar, Ca) to Fe, implying that Si burning in SN Ia is highly incomplete. In nucleosynthesis modeling this is associated with either a lower density of the deflagration-detonation transition and/or lower C/O and/or lower central ignition density and observationally detected as optically subluminous SNe Ia in early-type galaxies. Second, we find that SN Ia enrichment has a systematically lower ratio of the Si-group elements to Fe by 0.2 dex in the outer zone associated with the ICM of the Virgo cluster. We find that such a ratio and even lower values by another 0.1 dex are a characteristic of the ICM in many clusters using observed Si:S:Fe ratios as found with ASCA. Third, the Ni/Fe ratio in the central zone of M87 is 1.5+/-0.3 solar (meteoritic), while values around 3 times solar are reported for other clusters. In modeling of SN Ia, this implies a reduced influence of fast deflagration SN Ia models in the chemical enrichment of M87's ISM. Thus, to describe the SN Ia metal enrichment in clusters, both deflagration as well as delayed detonation scenarios are required, supporting a similar conclusion, derived from optical studies on SNe Ia. Abridged.
description: 11 pages, A&A, in press
ExPaNDS D6.14 Science communicators based at PaN RIs engaged by ExPaNDS
Creators: name: Boscaro-Clarke, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ExPaNDS; Outreach; Communication; Dissemination

description: The ExPaNDS project engages science communicators based at Photon and Neutron research infrastructures to create a strong European network so that the collaboration can cascade outputs in a swift and effective way to target audiences.
Polygyny: Cooperation vs. Competition among Wives on Child Health
Creators: name: Han, Peter
name: Foltz, Jeremy
name: Han, Peter
name: Foltz, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Health Economics and Policy
International Development

description: Although the prevalence of polygyny has decreased in the world in recent years, polygyny still remains as a frequent family structure in West Africa. Using 2006 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) from Mali, we investigate the effects of polygyny on child health. Using the gender of the firstborn as an instrumental variable for marrying an additional wife, we find that a child’s nutritional status in terms of height-for-age and weight-for-age z-scores is worse in polygynous households compared to monogamous households. Second, we analyze the effect of mother’s rank among co-wives on her own child’s health and find that mother’s rank has a statistically significant effect on a child’s nutritional status. However, the effect of mother’s rank changes across different institutions of polygyny: depending on the ethnic group, the co-wife relationship could be more collaborative than competitive. The findings suggest a more nuanced view of polygyny than currently found in the literature: the effect of the institution of polygyny depend upon the rules governing behavior within the institution.
Analysis of a Sinclair-type domain decomposition solver for atomistic/continuum coupling
Creators: name: Hodapp, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65N55, 70C20, 65N80

description: The "flexible boundary condition" method, introduced by Sinclair and coworkers in the 1970s, remains among the most popular methods for simulating isolated two-dimensional crystalline defects, embedded in an effectively infinite atomistic domain. In essence, the method can be characterized as a domain decomposition method which iterates between a local anharmonic and a global harmonic problem, where the latter is solved by means of the lattice Green function of the ideal crystal. This local/global splitting gives rise to tremendously improved convergence rates over related alternating Schwarz methods. In a previous publication (Hodapp et al., 2019, Comput. Methods in Appl. Mech. Eng. 348), we have shown that this method also applies to large-scale three-dimensional problems, possibly involving hundreds of thousands of atoms, using fast summation techniques exploiting the low-rank nature of the asymptotic lattice Green function. Here, we generalize the Sinclair method to bounded domains and develop an implementation using a discrete boundary element method to correct the infinite solution with respect to a prescribed far-field condition, thus preserving the advantage of the original method of not requiring a global spatial discretization. Moreover, we present a detailed convergence analysis and show for a one-dimensional problem that the method is unconditionally stable under physically motivated assumptions. To further improve the convergence behavior, we develop an acceleration technique based on a relaxation of the transmission conditions between the two subproblems. Numerical examples for linear and nonlinear problems are presented to validate the proposed methodology.
description: accepted for publication in SIAM Multiscale Modeling and Simulation
Cooperation, adaptation and the emergence of leadership
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Martin G.
name: Eguiluz, Victor M.
name: Miguel, Maxi San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generic property of biological, social and economical networks is their ability to evolve in time, creating and suppressing interactions. We approach this issue within the framework of an adaptive network of agents playing a Prisoner's Dilemma game, where each agent plays with its local neighbors, collects an aggregate payoff and imitates the strategy of its best neighbor. We allow the agents to adapt their local neighborhood according to their satisfaction level and the strategy played. We show that a steady state is reached, where the strategy and network configurations remain stationary. While the fraction of cooperative agents is high in these states, their average payoff is lower than the one attained by the defectors. The system self-organizes in such a way that the structure of links in the network is quite inhomogeneous, revealing the occurrence of cooperator ``leaders'' with a very high connectivity, which guarantee that global cooperation can be sustained in the whole network. Perturbing the leaders produces drastic changes of the network, leading to global dynamical cascades. These cascades induce a transient oscillation in the population of agents between the nearly all-defectors state and the all-cooperators outcome, before setting again in a state of high global cooperation.
description: 14 pages; to appear in ``Economics with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents'', Alan Kirman and Jean-Benoit Zimmermann (Eds.), forthcoming, Springer (2001)
Globular Cluster Intrinsic Iron Abundance Spreads: I. Catalog
Creators: name: Bailin, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an up-to-date catalog of intrinsic iron abundance spreads in the 55 Milky Way globular clusters for which sufficiently precise spectroscopic measurements are available. Our method combines multiple datasets when possible to improve the statistics, taking into account the fact that different methods and instruments can lead to systematically offset metallicities. Only high spectral resolution (R>14,000) studies that measure the equivalent widths of individual iron lines are found to have uncertainties on the metallicities of the individual stars that can be calibrated sufficiently well for the intrinsic dispersion to be separated cleanly from random measurement error. The median intrinsic iron spread is found to be 0.045 dex, which is small but unambiguously measured to be non-zero in most cases. There is large variation between clusters, but more luminous globular clusters, above 10^5 L_sun, have increasingly large iron spreads on average; no trend between iron spread and metallicity is found.
description: ApJS in press
КРИТЕРІАЛЬНО-ДІАГНОСТИЧНИЙ ІНСТРУМЕНТАРІЙ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ МОВЛЕННЯ МОЛОДШИХ ДОШКІЛЬНИКІВ
Creators: name: Гречишкіна І. А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Проблема розвитку мовлення дошкільників на всіх етапах навчання – одна з найактуальніших проблем сучасної дошкільної лінгводидактики, оскільки мовлення є фундаментом всебічного розвитку малюка. Мовлення є головним інструментом, за допомогою якого дитина встановлює контакт із довкіллям і завдяки якому відбувається її соціалізація. Вважаємо за необхідне, розглянути сутність поняття „критерій”.
Quantum field fluctuations and chaotic dynamics of model Yang-Mills system
Creators: name: Kuvshinov, V. I.
name: Kuzmin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On example of the model field system we demonstrate that quantum fluctuations of non-abelian gauge fields leading to radiative corrections to Higgs potential and spontaneous symmetry breaking can generate order region in phase space of inherently chaotic classical field system. We demonstrate on the example of another model field system that quantum fluctuations do not influence on the chaotic dynamics of non-abelian Yang--Mills fields if the ratio of bare coupling constants of Yang--Mills and Higgs fields is larger then some critical value. This critical value is estimated.
description: 7 pages
Microwave measurements of the photonic bandgap in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab
Creators: name: Hickmann, J. M.
name: Solli, D.
name: McCormick, C. F.
name: Plambeck, R.
name: Chiao, R. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the photonic bandgap in the transmission of microwaves through a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab. The structure was constructed by cementing acrylic rods in a hexagonal closed-packed array to form rectangular stacks. We find a bandgap centered at approximately 11 GHz, whose depth, width and center frequency vary with the number of layers in the slab, angle of incidence and microwave polarization.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Journal of Applied Physics
Methodologies to Predict Service Lives of Pavement Marking Materials
Creators: name: Zhang, Yunlong
name: Wu, Dongfeng
name: Zhang, Yunlong
name: Wu, Dongfeng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This study focuses on developing methodologies to predict the service life of a pavement marking material based on its retrorefl ectivity. Data from the 2002 National Transportation Product Evaluation Program (NTPEP) pavement marking material test deck in Mississippi are used for model development and model validation. The smoothing spline method and time series modeling are applied to estimate the service lives of different types of materials based on the assumption of a required minimum retrorefl ectivity value. The same models can also predict the retrorefl ectivity values at future times for a pavement marking product based on its retrorefl ectivity values in the past. The validation of the models shows satisfactory accuracy. As demonstrated in a case study, the predicted service lives of the marking materials can be used in life-cycle cost comparisons for selecting pavement marking material.
Phase mapping for cardiac unipolar electrograms with neural network instead of phase transformation
Creators: name: Ushenin, Konstantin
name: Nesterova, Tatyana
name: Shmarko, Dmitry
name: Sholokhov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92B25, 65M99

description: A phase mapping is an approach to processing signals of electrograms recorded from the surface of cardiac tissue. The main concept of phase mapping is the application of the phase transformation with the aim to obtain signals with useful properties. In our study, we propose to use a simple sawtooth signal instead of a phase signal for processing of electrogram data and building of the phase maps. We denote transformation that can provide this signal as a phase-like transformation (PLT). PLT defined via a convolutional neural network that is trained on a dataset from computer models of cardiac tissue electrophysiology. The proposed approaches were validated on data from the detailed personalized model of the human torso electrophysiology. This paper includes visualization of the phase map based on PLT and shows the robustness of the proposed approaches in the analysis of the complex non-stationary periodic activity of the excitable cardiac tissue.
Fermat Potentials for Non-Perturbative Gravitational Lensing
Creators: name: Frittelli, Simonetta
name: Kling, Thomas P.
name: Newman, Ezra T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The images of many distant galaxies are displaced, distorted and often multiplied by the presence of foreground massive galaxies near the line of sight; the foreground galaxies act as gravitational lenses. Commonly, the lens equation, which relates the placement and distortion of the images to the real source position in the thin-lens scenario, is obtained by extremizing the time of arrival among all the null paths from the source to the observer (Fermat's principle). We show that the construction of envelopes of certain families of null surfaces consitutes an alternative variational principle or version of Fermat's principle that leads naturally to a lens equation in a generic spacetime with any given metric. We illustrate the construction by deriving the lens equation for static asymptotically flat thin lens spacetimes. As an application of the approach, we find the bending angle for moving thin lenses in terms of the bending angle for the same deflector at rest. Finally we apply this construction to cosmological spacetimes (FRW) by using the fact they are all conformally related to Minkowski space.
description: accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Clavulariidae Hickson 1894
Creators: name: Devictor, Susan T.
name: Morton, Steve L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Clavulariidae

description: Family Clavulariidae  Octocorals with cylindrical polyps connected by reticulating stolons. Branching species have a primary polyp from which secondary polyps arise, and encrusting species develop thin ribbon-or sheet-like stolons between polyps.
 There are five species belonging to three genera of clavulariid octocorals in the SAB. The species of Telesto represented in this region are often distinguished by the presence and orientation of the flat anthocodial rods in the polyp tentacles. These rods may be difficult to see, especially if the polyps are retracted into the calyces. Variability in these features can be seen not only between colonies, but also between individual polyps. Preservation may affect the polyp shape and make it difficult to distinguish the orientation of the tentacular rods. Relaxing the polyps prior to preservation (see Methods) or chemically clearing the tissue may make identification easier. Refer to Fabricus and Alderslade (2001) for phenol-xylene clearing methodology.
 Both forms of Scleranthelia rugosa have an encrusting growth form that makes them difficult to recognize in situ.
description: Published as part of Devictor, Susan T. & Morton, Steve L., 2010, Identification guide to the shallow water (0 - 200 m) octocorals of the South Atlantic Bight 2599, pp. 1-62 in Zootaxa 2599 (1) on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2599.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10095192
РОЗВИТОК МІЖОСОБИСТІСНИХ ВІДНОСИН У ДІТЕЙ СТАРШОГО ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ
Creators: name: Єпіфанова С. П.,
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Взаємовідносини – це людські стосунки, що йдуть від людей до людей, «на зустріч один одному». При цьому, якщо у звичайних стосунках не є обов’язковим надходження до людини зворотного сигналу, то при взаємовідносинах постійно здійснюється «зворотній зв’язок». Взаємовідносини у контактуючих сторін не завжди мають одну і ту ж модальність (одну і ту ж напругу). У одного можуть бути добрі відносини до іншого, а у іншого до нього протилежні.
Pruning by Explaining: A Novel Criterion for Deep Neural Network Pruning
Creators: name: Yeom, Seul-Ki
name: Seegerer, Philipp
name: Lapuschkin, Sebastian
name: Binder, Alexander
name: Wiedemann, Simon
name: Müller, Klaus-Robert
name: Samek, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The success of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in various applications is accompanied by a significant increase in computation and parameter storage costs. Recent efforts to reduce these overheads involve pruning and compressing the weights of various layers while at the same time aiming to not sacrifice performance. In this paper, we propose a novel criterion for CNN pruning inspired by neural network interpretability: The most relevant units, i.e. weights or filters, are automatically found using their relevance scores obtained from concepts of explainable AI (XAI). By exploring this idea, we connect the lines of interpretability and model compression research. We show that our proposed method can efficiently prune CNN models in transfer-learning setups in which networks pre-trained on large corpora are adapted to specialized tasks. The method is evaluated on a broad range of computer vision datasets. Notably, our novel criterion is not only competitive or better compared to state-of-the-art pruning criteria when successive retraining is performed, but clearly outperforms these previous criteria in the resource-constrained application scenario in which the data of the task to be transferred to is very scarce and one chooses to refrain from fine-tuning. Our method is able to compress the model iteratively while maintaining or even improving accuracy. At the same time, it has a computational cost in the order of gradient computation and is comparatively simple to apply without the need for tuning hyperparameters for pruning.
description: 25 pages + 5 supplementary pages, 13 figures, 6 tables
MOESM7 of Screening for BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, PALB2, BRIP1, RAD50, and CDH1 mutations in high-risk Finnish BRCA1/2-founder mutation-negative breast and/or ovarian cancer individuals
Creators: name: Kuusisto, Kirsi
name: Bebel, Aleksandra
name: Vihinen, Mauno
name: Schleutker, Johanna
name: Satu-Leena Sallinen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 5
The first close-up of the "flip-flop" phenomenon in a single star
Creators: name: Korhonen, H.
name: Berdyugina, S. V.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
name: Tuominen, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present temperature maps of the active late-type giant FK Com which exhibit the first imagining record of the ``flip-flop'' phenomenon in a single star. The phenomenon, in which the main part of the spot activity shifts 180 degrees in longitude, discovered a decade ago in FK Com, was reported later also in a number of RS CVn binaries and a single young dwarf. With the surface images obtained right before and after the ``flip-flop'', we clearly show that the ``flip-flop'' phenomenon in FK Com is caused by changing the relative strengths of the spot groups at the two active longitudes, with no actual spot movements across the stellar surface, i.e. exactly as it happens in other active stars.
description: 4 pages, accepted by A&A Letters
A Transportation Performance Measurement System with a Mississippi Case Study
Creators: name: Wang, Haiyuan
name: Jim, Mingzhou
name: Wang, Haiyuan
name: Jim, Mingzhou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: In current literature and practices, there are no systematic and user-oriented intermodal transportation performance measures. After identifying customer needs and transportation goals, this paper proposes a set of system-level performance measures for intermodal transportation that are user-oriented, scalable, systematic, and scientifi c. The measures can be used to compare intermodal design alternatives or to evaluate existing transportation systems with any size and any mode. The highway system in Mississippi is analyzed as a case study. The case study demonstrates the existing data sources, the methods of calculating the measures, and the means of evaluating transportation systems with the measures.
Polyhedral Scattering of Fundamental Monopoles
Creators: name: Battye, Richard
name: Gibbons, Gary
name: Rychenkova, Paulina
name: Sutcliffe, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of n slowly moving fundamental monopoles in the SU(n+1) BPS Yang-Mills-Higgs theory can be approximated by geodesic motion on the 4n-dimensional hyperkahler Lee-Weinberg-Yi manifold. In this paper we apply a variational method to construct some scaling geodesics on this manifold. These geodesics describe the scattering of n monopoles which lie on the vertices of a bouncing polyhedron; the polyhedron contracts from infinity to a point, representing the spherically symmetric n-monopole, and then expands back out to infinity. For different monopole masses the solutions generalize to form bouncing nested polyhedra. The relevance of these results to the dynamics of well separated SU(2) monopoles is also discussed.
description: 14 pages, including 4 figures
Developing a Strategy for Imputing Missing Traffic Volume Data
Creators: name: Chen, Mei
name: Xia, Jingxin
name: Liu, Rongfang
name: Chen, Mei
name: Xia, Jingxin
name: Liu, Rongfang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Archived ITS-generated data can provide a potential resource for many long-term transportation applications. However, missing and suspicious data are inevitable due to detector and communication malfunctions. This paper presents a comparative analysis of various techniques for imputing missing traffi c volume data in the archived data management system in Kentucky. The applicability of the techniques, as well as their reliability in terms of data requirement, is also discussed. An implementation strategy for the Kentucky archive data management system is then developed based on the performance and the applicability/reliability analyses.
Aviation System Performance During the Summer Convective Weather Season
Creators: name: Wright, Kenneth
name: Wright, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper analyzes recent trends related to delays, airborne holding and diversions in the National Airspace System (NAS) during the summer convective weather season. A weather variable is introduced to help analyze these performance metrics in a way that factors out differences in the location and intensity of thunderstorms. Regression analysis indicates a nearly 50% increase in flights delayed more than an hour from summer 2003 to 2005. The increase in delay is associated with a growing concentration of flights at busy hub airports over the past five years.
MOESM8 of Screening for BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, PALB2, BRIP1, RAD50, and CDH1 mutations in high-risk Finnish BRCA1/2-founder mutation-negative breast and/or ovarian cancer individuals
Creators: name: Kuusisto, Kirsi
name: Bebel, Aleksandra
name: Vihinen, Mauno
name: Schleutker, Johanna
name: Satu-Leena Sallinen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 6
MOESM9 of Screening for BRCA1, BRCA2, CHEK2, PALB2, BRIP1, RAD50, and CDH1 mutations in high-risk Finnish BRCA1/2-founder mutation-negative breast and/or ovarian cancer individuals
Creators: name: Kuusisto, Kirsi
name: Bebel, Aleksandra
name: Vihinen, Mauno
name: Schleutker, Johanna
name: Satu-Leena Sallinen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 7