cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Branching of the vortex nucleation period in superconductor Nb microtubes due to inhomogeneous transport current
Creators: name: Rezaev, R. O.
name: Levchenko, E. A.
name: Fomin, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An inhomogeneous transport current, which is introduced through multiple electrodes in an open Nb microtube, is shown to lead to a controllable branching of the vortex nucleation period. The detailed mechanism of this branching is analyzed using the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. The relative change of the vortex nucleation period strongly depends on the geometry of multiple electrodes. The average number of vortices occurring in the tube in a nanosecond can be effectively reduced owing to the inhomogeneous transport current, what is important for noise and energy dissipation reduction in superconductor applications, e.g., for an extension of the operation regime of superconductor-based sensors to lower frequencies.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The Milan Diptych: a sixth-century gospel book cover in the political landscape of Ravenna
Creators: name: Miller, Sarah A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The Milan Diptych, an ivory and jewel-studded gospel book cover carved with scenes from the Life of Christ, is an outstanding exemplar of late antique ivory carving on the Italian peninsula. In previous scholarship, the diptych has been assigned to the fifth century and discussed as a work with self-contained theological meaning. In this thesis, I assign the Milan Diptych to Ravenna in the late sixth century due to a vocabulary of symbolism shared with Ravennate sarcophagi, as well as iconographic parallels with the imperial churches and baptisteries at Ravenna. I demonstrate that political meaning embedded in the iconographic program of the Milan Diptych is predicated on Ravenna's architectural mosaic programs of the sixth century, and I also give evidence for imperial patronage, based on political imagery occurring in both the diptych and the mosaics that addresses the relationship between earthly and heavenly power.
The Effectiveness Bereavement Supports for Adult Family Caregivers in Palliative Care Area: A Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
Creators: name: Kustanti, Christina
name: Chou, Kuei-Ru
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This is a systematic review and meta-analysis that is focused on the effect of support on bereaved adult family caregivers due to a life-threatening illness.
Recent advances in coronal heating
Creators: name: De Moortel, Ineke
name: Browning, Philippa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar corona, the tenuous outer atmosphere of the Sun, is orders of magnitude hotter than the solar surface. This 'coronal heating problem' requires the identification of a heat source to balance losses due to thermal conduction, radiation and (in some locations) convection. The review papers in this Theo Murphy meeting issue present an overview of recent observational findings, large- and small-scale numerical modelling of physical processes occurring in the solar atmosphere and other aspects which may affect our understanding of the proposed heating mechanisms. At the same time, they also set out the directions and challenges which must be tackled by future research. In this brief introduction, we summarize some of the issues and themes which reoccur throughout this issue.
Serial extractions versus late premolar extractions
Creators: name: O'Shaughnessy, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The purpose of this study was to compare treatment times for serial extractions (SE) and late premolar extractions (LPE) for a cost-effectiveness analysis. A retrospective chart review identified 51 SE and 49 LPE patients. PAR scores were obtained at the initiation (PAR T1) and completion (PAR T2) of active orthodontic treatment. PAR T1 scores for the SE patients were significantly less than that for the LPE patients (p<0.001) whereas PAR T2 scores were not significantly different. Active-treatment time was significantly less for the SE group as compared to the LPE group (p<0.001). Total time (mos. pre-active + active-treatment) and total number of visits was significantly greater for the SE group as compared to the LPE group (p<0.001). Total chair time (min.) was not significantly different between groups. Serial extractions may reduce active-treatment time for severe crowding but a significant time and effort precedes active-treatment.
Average Energy Expended Per e-h Pair and Energy Scale Function for Germanium-Based Dark Matter Experiments
Creators: name: Wei, W. -Z.
name: Wang, L.
name: Mei, D. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new result of the temperature-dependent average energy expended per electron-hole (e-h) pair, $\varepsilon$, for germanium detectors. Applying energy partition mechanism in ionization for a given energy deposition, the Fano factor and the value of $\varepsilon$ can be determined separately. Subsequently, we illustrate the variation of $\varepsilon$ as a function of temperature. The impact of $\varepsilon$ on the energy threshold and energy scale for germanium detectors at a given temperature is evaluated. We demonstrate an absolute energy scale function of low-energy recoils for germanium detectors in the direct detection of dark matter particles.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Sexual videos in Internet: a test of 11 hypotheses about intimate practices and gender interactions in Latin America
Creators: name: Monge-Nájera, Julián
name: Corrales, Karla Vega
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is a marked lack of literature on user-submitted sexual videos from Latin America. To start filling that gap, we present a formal statistical testing of several hypotheses about the characteristics of 214 videos from Nereliatube.com posted from the inauguration of the site until December 2010. We found that in most cases the video was made consensually and the camera was operated by the man. The most frequent practice shown was fellatio, followed by vaginal penetration. The great majority of videos showed the sexual interactions of one woman with one man; group sex was rare. Violence and manifestations of power were rare and when there was violence it was mostly simulated. Latin American user-submitted sexual videos in Nereliatube generally reflect a society in which women and men have a variety of sexual practices that are mostly consensual and that do not differ from the biologically and anthropologically expected patterns.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Adams' inequality with exact growth in the hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^4$ and Lions lemma
Creators: name: Karmakar, Debabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26D10, 46E35, 46E30

description: In this article we prove Adams inequality with exact growth condition in the four dimensional hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^4,$ \begin{align} \int_{\mathbb{H}^4} \frac{e^{32 π^2 u^2} - 1}{(1 + |u|)^2} \ dv_g \leq C ||u||^2_{L^2({\mathbb{H}^4})}. \end{align} for all $u \in C^{\infty}_c(\mathbb{H}^4) $ with $\int_{\mathbb{H}^4} (P_2 u) u \ dv_g \leq 1.$ We will also establish an Adachi-Tanaka type inequality in this settings. Another aspect of this article is the P.L.Lions lemma in the hyperbolic space. We prove P.L.Lions lemma for the Moser functional and for a few cases of the Adams functional on the whole hyperbolic space.
description: 23 pages
Family Planning Centers and Teen Pregnancy: The Effect of Quantity and Provider Type
Creators: name: Griffin, Risa
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: Using data on teen pregnancy from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, as well as the state and county locations of publicly funded family planning centers from the Guttmacher Institute, this paper examines the effect of the number and type of publicly funded family planning center in a respondent's county of residence on teen pregnancy in the United States. Additionally, it finds different effects by center type (health department, hospital, Planned Parenthood Affiliate, or community migrant health center, and if the center receives funding through Title X) on teen pregnancy. Finally, it examines variations in the impact of living in a county with a center by race and poverty status, and the impact of each center type on the disparity in pregnancy rates between race and class groups.
Configraphics
Creators: name: Nourian, Pirouz
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2016

description: This dissertation reports a PhD research on mathematical-computational models, methods, and techniques for analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of spatial configurations in architecture and urban design. Spatial configuration is a technical term that refers to the particular way in which a set of spaces are connected to one another as a network. Spatial configuration affects safety, security, and efficiency of functioning of complex buildings by facilitating certain patterns of movement and/or impeding other patterns. In cities and suburban built environments, spatial configuration affects accessibilities and influences travel behavioural patterns, e.g. choosing walking and cycling for short trips instead of travelling by cars. As such, spatial configuration effectively influences the social, economic, and environmental functioning of cities and complex buildings, by conducting human movement patterns. In this research, graph theory is used to mathematically model spatial configurations in order to provide intuitive ways of studying and designing spatial arrangements for architects and urban designers. The methods and tools presented in this dissertation are applicable in: • arranging spatial layouts based on configuration graphs, e.g. by using bubble diagrams to ensure certain spatial requirements and qualities in complex buildings; and • analysing the potential effects of decisions on the likely spatial performance of buildings and on mobility patterns in built environments for systematic comparison of designs or plans, e.g. as to their aptitude for pedestrians and cyclists. The dissertation reports two parallel tracks of work on architectural and urban configurations. The core concept of the architectural configuration track is the ‘bubble diagram’ and the core concept of the urban configuration track is the ‘easiest paths’ for walking and cycling. Walking and cycling have been chosen as the foci of this theme as they involve active physical, cognitive, and social encounter of people with built environments, all of which are influenced by spatial configuration. The methodologies presented in this dissertation have been implemented in design toolkits and made publicly available as freeware applications.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 14 (2016): Configraphics
Complexified path integrals, exact saddles and supersymmetry
Creators: name: Behtash, Alireza
name: Dunne, Gerald V.
name: Schaefer, Thomas
name: Sulejmanpasic, Tin
name: Unsal, Mithat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of two illustrative examples from supersymmetric quantum mechanics we show that the semi-classical analysis of the path integral requires complexification of the configuration space and action, and the inclusion of complex saddle points, even when the parameters in the action are real. We find new exact complex saddles, and show that without their contribution the semi-classical expansion is in conflict with basic properties such as positive-semidefiniteness of the spectrum, and constraints of supersymmetry. Generic saddles are not only complex, but also possibly multi-valued, and even singular. This is in contrast to instanton solutions, which are real, smooth, and single-valued. The multi-valuedness of the action can be interpreted as a hidden topological angle, quantized in units of $π$ in supersymmetric theories. The general ideas also apply to non-supersymmetric theories.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Unraveling the Rank-One Solution Mystery of Robust MISO Downlink Transmit Optimization: A Verifiable Sufficient Condition via a New Duality Result
Creators: name: Ma, Wing-Kin
name: Pan, Jiaxian
name: So, Anthony Man-Cho
name: Chang, Tsung-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper concentrates on a robust transmit optimization problem for the multiuser multi-input single-output (MISO) downlink scenario and under inaccurate channel state information (CSI). This robust problem deals with a general-rank transmit covariance design, and it follows a safe rate-constrained formulation under spherically bounded CSI uncertainties. Curiously, simulation results in previous works suggested that the robust problem admits rank-one optimal transmit covariances in most cases. Such a numerical finding is appealing because transmission with rank-one covariances can be easily realized by single-stream transmit beamforming. This gives rise to a fundamentally important question, namely, whether we can theoretically identify conditions under which the robust problem admits a rank-one solution. In this paper, we identify one such condition. Simply speaking, we show that the robust problem is guaranteed to admit a rank-one solution if the CSI uncertainties are not too large and the multiuser channel is not too poorly conditioned. To establish the aforementioned condition, we develop a novel duality framework, through which an intimate relationship between the robust problem and a related maximin problem is revealed. Our condition involves only a simple expression with respect to the multiuser channel and other system parameters. In particular, unlike other sufficient rank-one conditions that have appeared in the literature, ours is verifiable. The application of our analysis framework to several other CSI uncertainty models is also discussed.
description: To appear in IEEE Trans. Signal Process. This version combines the main manuscript and its accompanied supplementary report into one single article
On the brink: Viktor Yanukovych's decisions and the Ukrainian retreat from Europe
Creators: name: Ferral, Katelyn Leigh
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: This thesis examines and explains the decision-making process and reasons behind former Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych's rejection of an Association Agreement with the European Union, more than four years in the making. Yanukovych was pressured by Russia both politically and economically to turn away from Europe and instead grow closer to the Kremlin. Ukraine's desperate economy on the verge of bankruptcy, and Yanukovch's political ties to Russia made him more vulnerable to blackmail. To help explain why Yanukovych spurned the deal, which ultimately led to mass protests and his ousting in 2013, this thesis draws upon interviews, government and academic research reports and news articles. The EU's structural and institutional weakness in its foreign policy towards its Eastern neighbors also hindered its ability to gain a geopolitical edge in incentivizing Ukraine to modernize and reform, and ultimately get on an on-ramp to closer ties with the Western world.
Euclid : Testing the Copernican principle with next-generation surveys
Creators: name: Camarena, D.
name: Marra, V.
name: Sakr, Z.
name: Nesseris, S.
name: Da Silva, A.
name: Garcia-Bellido, J.
name: Fleury, P.
name: Lombriser, L.
name: Martinelli, M.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Mimoso, J.
name: Sapone, D.
name: Clarkson, C.
name: Camera, S.
name: Carbone, C.
name: Casas, Santiago
name: Ilić, S.
name: Pettorino, V.
name: Tutusaus, I.
name: Aghanim, N.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Amara, A.
name: Auricchio, N.
name: Baldi, M.
name: Bonino, D.
name: Branchini, E.
name: Brescia, M.
name: Brinchmann, J.
name: Candini, G. P.
name: Capobianco, V.
name: Carretero, J.
name: Castellano, M.
name: Cavuoti, S.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Cledassou, R.
name: Congedo, G.
name: Conversi, L.
name: Copin, Y.
name: Corcione, L.
name: Courbin, F.
name: Cropper, M.
name: Degaudenzi, H.
name: Dubath, F.
name: Duncan, C. A. J.
name: Dupac, X.
name: Dusini, S.
name: Ealet, A.
name: Farrens, S.
name: Fosalba, P.
name: Frailis, M.
name: Franceschi, E.
name: Fumana, M.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Gillis, B.
name: Giocoli, C.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Grupp, F.
name: Haugan, S. V. H.
name: Holmes, W.
name: Hormuth, F.
name: Hornstrup, A.
name: Jahnke, K.
name: Kiessling, A.
name: Kohley, R.
name: Kunz, M.
name: Kurki-Suonio, H.
name: Lilje, P. B.
name: Lloro, I.
name: Mansutti, O.
name: Marggraf, O.
name: Marulli, F.
name: Massey, R.
name: Meneghetti, M.
name: Merlin, E.
name: Meylan, G.
name: Moresco, M.
name: Moscardini, L.
name: Munari, E.
name: Niemi, S. M.
name: Padilla, C.
name: Paltani, S.
name: Pasian, F.
name: Pedersen, K.
name: Polenta, G.
name: Poncet, M.
name: Popa, L.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Raison, F.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Rhodes, J.
name: Riccio, G.
name: Rix, H.-W.
name: Rossetti, E.
name: Saglia, R.
name: Sartoris, B.
name: Secroun, A.
name: Seidel, G.
name: Sirignano, C.
name: Sirri, G.
name: Stanco, L.
name: Surace, C.
name: Tallada-Crespí, P.
name: Taylor, A. N.
name: Tereno, I.
name: Toledo-Moreo, R.
name: Torradeflot, F.
name: Valentijn, E. A.
name: Valenziano, L.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Zoubian, J.
name: Andreon, S.
name: Scottez, V.
name: Tenti, M.
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 520

description: 15 Seiten (2022).
MPEC 2023-L13 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 June 3)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
KRIMINALISTIK PROFILLASH. JINOYATCHI SHAXSINING PROFILINI YARATISH
Creators: name: Ilmiy rahbar:  Atayeva Gulshoda Rabimovna  "Umumiy psixologiya va pedagogika" kafedrasi dotsenti Muallif: Saydazimova Muxlisa Ilhom qizi  "Amaliy psixologiya" ta'lim yo'nalishi 401-guruh talabasi Sharof Rashidov nomidagi Samarqand davlat universiteti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Noma'lum jinoyatchining jinoiy profili noma'lum jinoyatchini aniqlashning nisbatan yangi usuli hisoblanadi  muayyan jinoyatlar.  Kriminologik profillashning maqsadi jinoiy huquqbuzarlikning jinoiy jinoyatini jinoiy javobgarlikka tortishdir.Jinoiy faoliyatni ochishga yo'naltirish va ko'maklashish maqsadida gumonlanuvchilar doirasini aniqlash va  jinoyatning haqiqiy aybdorini topish lozimdir.  Jinoiy profilni yaratish mumkin bo'lgan usul sifatida foydalaniladi va jinoyatchining xususiyatlari jinoyatchining fosh etilishiga asoslanadi.  Biz bilishimiz kerakki, profil yaratish  muayyan jinoyatchining shaxsini yoki qiyofasini ifodalamaydi, balki jinoyatchining umumiy tavsifini beradi. Qotillik jinoyatini sodir etish paytidagi xatti-harakatlari to'g'risida qabul qilingan xulosalarga ko'ra jinoyatchi profili yaratiladi.

Tayanch tushunchalar: profillash, profiler, induktiv, deduktiv, jinoyatchi, qurbon,otopsiya,modus operand,instrumentum  operand,tempus operand
Elevated Plasmodium sporozoite infection and multiple insecticide resistance in the principal malaria vectors Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae in a forested locality close to the airport of Yaoundé, the Capital city of Cameroon
Creators: name: Nongley, Nkemngo
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Anopheles vectors
subject: Cameroon
subject: Multiple insecticide resistance
subject: Plasmodium sporozoite infection

description: Our project characterized malaria vectors in a locality near the Yaounde international airport, the capital city of Cameroon, including species composition, abundance, Plasmodium infection rate; insecticide resistance profiles and underlying resistance mechanisms.
Comparing galaxy disk and star-formation properties in X-ray bright and faint groups and clusters
Creators: name: Roberts, Ian D.
name: Parker, Laura C.
name: Karunakaran, Ananthan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy morphologies and star-formation rates depend on environment. Galaxies in under-dense regions are generally star-forming and disky whereas galaxies in overdense regions tend to be early-type and not actively forming stars. The mechanism(s) responsible for star-formation quenching and morphological transformation remain unclear, although many processes have been proposed. We study the dependence of star-formation and morphology on X-ray luminosity for galaxies in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS-DR7) groups and clusters. While controlling for stellar and halo mass dependencies, we find that galaxies in X-ray strong groups and clusters have preferentially low star-forming and disk fractions -- with the differences being strongest at low stellar masses. The trends that we observe do not change when considering only galaxies found within or outside of the X-ray radius of the host group. When considering central and satellite galaxies separately we find that this dependence on X-ray luminosity is only present for satellites, and we show that our results are consistent with "galaxy stangulation" as a mechanism for quenching these satellites. We investigate the dynamics of the groups and clusters in the sample, and find that the velocity distributions of galaxies beyond the virial radius in low X-ray luminosity halos tend to be less Gaussian in nature than the rest of the data set. This may be indicative of low X-ray luminosity groups and clusters having enhanced populations of star-forming and disk galaxies as a result of recent accretion.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Disease Mapping of Syphilis in Forsyth County, North Carolina with Enhanced Geoprivacy and Spatial Resolution
Creators: name: Clough, Lani
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: This paper refines the spatial resolution of disease maps by making use of geomasked syphilis cases moved by a random displacement to preserve their anonymity. Syphilis cases are processed using the Uniform Model Bayesian Maximum Entropy (UMBME) method to correct for the small number problem. Furthermore, a moving window approach is introduced to create ubiquitous areas where geomasked cases are aggregated. The introduction of these ubiquitous areas can control the modifiable areal unit problem and the edge effect present in conventional methods. Our hypothesis is this approach will better delineate the geographical extent of clusters, improving outbreak detection and reducing the ambiguous and spatially incorrect results of past methodologies. This study reveals the appearance of new hotspots, increased connectivity between hotspots, and places hot spots in their actual locations. This specific information is extremely relevant for public health intervention as it provides the ability to target precise locations.
On the detectability of Lorentz invariance violation through anomalous multi-TeV $γ$-ray spectra of blazars
Creators: name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Bonnoli, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic opacity for very high-energy gamma rays ($E>10$ TeV) due to the interaction with the extragalactic background light can be strongly reduced because of possible Lorentz-violating terms in the particle dispersion relations expected, e.g., in several versions of quantum gravity theories. We discuss the possibility to use very high energy observations of blazars to detect anomalies of the cosmic opacity induced by LIV, considering in particular the possibility to use -- besides the bright and close-by BL Lac Mkn 501 -- extreme BL Lac objects. We derive the modified expression for the optical depth of $γ$ rays considering also the redshift dependence and we apply it to derive the expected high-energy spectrum above 10 TeV of Mkn 501 in high and low state and the extreme BL Lac 1ES 0229+200. We find that, besides the nearby and well studied BL Lac Mkn 501 -- especially in high state --, suitable targets are extreme BL Lac objects, characterized by quite hard TeV intrinsic spectra likely extending at the energies relevant to detect LIV features.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, accepted by A&A
Particle-size distribution of ashfall from Taal Volcano, Philippines.
Creators: name: Bato, Victorino
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Engineering
subject: ashfall
subject: particle-size distribution
subject: taal volcano

description: Taal Volcano erupted on January 12, 2020. Accumulated ashfall samples were taken and analyzed in Soil Physics Laboratory of the University of the Philippines Los Banos.
On the Waring--Goldbach problem for eighth and higher powers
Creators: name: Kumchev, Angel V.
name: Wooley, Trevor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent progress on Vinogradov's mean value theorem has resulted in improved estimates for exponential sums of Weyl type. We apply these new estimates to obtain sharper bounds for the function $H(k)$ in the Waring--Goldbach problem. We obtain new results for all exponents $k\ge 8$, and in particular establish that $H(k)\le (4k-2)\log k+k-7$ when $k$ is large, giving the first improvement on the classical result of Hua from the 1940s.
Local Routing in Spanners Based on WSPDs
Creators: name: Paradis, Frédérik
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: graph
spanner
WSPD
well-separated pair decomposition

description: The well-separated pair decomposition (WSPD) of the complete Euclidean graph defined on points in R 2 , introduced by Callahan and Kosaraju [JACM, 42 (1): 67-90, 1995], is a technique for partitioning the edges of the complete graph based on length into a linear number of sets. Among the many different applications of WSPDs, Callahan and Kosaraju proved that the sparse subgraph that results by selecting an arbitrary edge from each set (called WSPD-spanner) is a 1 + 8/(s − 4)-spanner, where s > 4 is the separation ratio used for partitioning the edges. Although competitive local-routing strategies exist for various spanners such as Yao-graphs, Θ-graphs, and variants of Delaunay graphs, few local-routing strategies are known for any WSPD-spanner. Our main contribution is a local-routing algorithm with a near-optimal competitive routing ratio of 1 + O(1/s) on a WSPD-spanner. Specifically, using Callahan and Kosaraju’s fair split-tree, we show how to build a WSPD-spanner with spanning ratio 1 + 4/s + 4/(s − 2) which is a slight improvement over 1 + 8/(s − 4). We then present a 2-local and a 1-local routing algorithm on this spanner with competitive routing ratios of 1 + 6/(s − 2) + 4/s and 1 + 8/(s − 2) + 4/s + 8/s 2 , respectively. Moreover, we prove that there exists a point set for which our WSPD-spanner has a spanning ratio of at least 1 + 8/s, thereby proving the near-optimality of its spanning ratio and the near-optimality of the routing ratio of both our routing algorithms.
Gravitational properties of light - The gravitational field of a laser pulse
Creators: name: Rätzel, Dennis
name: Wilkens, Martin
name: Menzel, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational field of a laser pulse of finite lifetime, is investigated in the framework of linearized gravity. Although the effects are very small, they may be of fundamental physical interest. It is shown that the gravitational field of a linearly polarized light pulse is modulated as the norm of the corresponding electric field strength, while no modulations arise for circular polarization. In general, the gravitational field is independent of the polarization direction. It is shown that all physical effects are confined to spherical shells expanding with the speed of light, and that these shells are associated with the emission and absorption of the pulse. Nearby test particles at rest are attracted towards the pulse trajectory by the gravitational field due to the emission of the pulse, and they are repelled from the pulse trajectory by the gravitational field due to its absorption. Examples are given for the size of the attractive effect. It is recovered that massless test particles do not experience any physical effect if they are co-propagating with the pulse, and that the acceleration of massless test particles counter-propagating with respect to the pulse is four times stronger than for massive particles at rest. The similarities between the gravitational effect of a laser pulse and Newtonian gravity in two dimensions are pointed out. The spacetime curvature close to the pulse is compared to that induced by gravitational waves from astronomical sources.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
The International Centre for Sustainable Rural Communities (ICSRC)
Creators: name: Clarke, Gary
name: Bennett, Ellie
Publisher: name: Vancouver Island University - Royal Roads University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biosphere reserves

description: The establishment of the International Centre for Sustainable Rural Communities (ICSRC) was proposed as a legacy project at the October 2013 meeting of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves, which included 36 countries from Europe and North America, known as the EuroMAB Group, held in Brockville, Ontario, Canada. The delegates endorsed the proposal to form an international EuroMAB Working Group to advance the project. The ICSRC will be located in Brockville, within the Frontenac Arch Biosphere Reserve. It will contribute to the EuroMAB Mission and Vision and address the objectives of the Lima Action Plan for UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme and its World Network of Biosphere Reserves (2016-2025). Here we summarize the status of the project, its vision and mission, and give an overview of the Centre’s proposed activities.
description: https://viurrspace.ca/bitstream/handle/10613/5090/ClarkeBennett.pdf?sequence=3&isAllowed=y
Restricted Movements: Researching the Latin Music Scene in the Post HB 318 Triangle
Creators: name: Black, Amanda M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The population of North Carolina residents identifying as Hispanic/Latino grew by 943% between 1990 and 2010. With this demographic shift, space for musical practice, dancing, and concerts has become contested within the Raleigh, Durham, and Chapel Hill area. The latest of several anti-immigration laws passed in the last decade, the controversial Protect North Carolina Workers Act, HB 318, was signed into law on October 28, 2015. The effects of fear-inducing legislation and immigration enforcement on the ground have led to restricted movements in the Latino community, both in their daily and musical lives. Considering the Latin music scene in the Triangle as a cross-genre, multi-venue, and translocal network, this thesis details the experiences of those working, playing, and listening in this fragmented musical space.
Assisted Inspirals of Stellar Mass Black Holes Embedded in AGN Disks: Solving the "Final AU Problem"
Creators: name: Stone, Nicholas C.
name: Metzger, Brian D.
name: Haiman, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the evolution of stellar mass black hole binaries (BHBs) which are formed in the self-gravitating disks of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Hardening due to three-body scattering and gaseous drag are effective mechanisms that reduce the semi-major axis of a BHB to radii where gravitational waves take over, on timescales shorter than the typical lifetime of the AGN disk. Taking observationally-motivated assumptions for the rate of star formation in AGN disks, we find a rate of disk-induced BHB mergers ($\mathcal{R} \sim 3~{\rm yr}^{-1}~{\rm Gpc}^{-3}$, but with large uncertainties) that is comparable with existing estimates of the field rate of BHB mergers, and the approximate BHB merger rate implied by the recent Advanced LIGO detection of GW150914. BHBs formed thorough this channel will frequently be associated with luminous AGN, which are relatively rare within the sky error regions of future gravitational wave detector arrays. This channel could also possess a (potentially transient) electromagnetic counterpart due to super-Eddington accretion onto the stellar mass black hole following the merger.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, changes made to match MNRAS published version
The ISO Problem: Decentralized Stochastic Control via Bidding Schemes
Creators: name: Singh, Rahul
name: Kumar, P. R.
name: Xie, Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We consider a smart-grid connecting several agents, modeled as stochastic dynamical systems, who may be electricity consumers/producers. At each discrete time instant, which may represent a 15 minute interval, each agent may consume/generate some quantity of electrical energy. The Independent System Operator (ISO) is given the task of assigning consumptions/generations to the agents so as to maximize the sum of the utilities accrued to the agents, subject to the constraint that energy generation equals consumption at each time. This task of coordinating generation and demand has to be accomplished by the ISO without the agents revealing their system states, dynamics, or utility/cost functions. We show how and when a simple iterative procedure converges to the optimal solution. The ISO iteratively obtains electricity bids by the agents, and declares the tentative market clearing prices. In response to these prices, the agents submit new bids. On the demand side, the solution yields an optimal demand response for dynamic and stochastic loads. On the generation side, it provides the optimal utilization of stochastically varying renewables such as solar/wind, and generation with fossil fuel based generation with dynamic constraints such as ramping rates. Thereby we solve a decentralized stochastic control problem, without agents sharing any information about their system models, states or utility functions.
Issues in the analysis of air quality modeling data in attainment demonstrations of the 8-hr ozone standard
Creators: name: Biton, Leiran
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Attainment demonstrations of the ozone standard serve as the basis for regional air quality planning, but do the recommended analytical techniques establish control strategies that will be effective? The relative interpretation of model data was introduced by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to compensate for poor model performance, and use of 8-hr averages was introduced to mirror the standard. The sensitivity of the relative reduction factor (RRF) is tested against model bias, using a Houston, Texas regulatory model. There is an inverse linear correlation with model bias at each site (R2 = 0.47), changing future design values by 0-5 ppb. Ninety percent of cell selections for the RRF calculation in these episodes are 14-19 km from the monitor. The RRF approach is recommended only when modeled ozone response is linear. Model error statistics using 8-hr concentration averages overestimate performance compared to those using 1-hr values (11.7% versus 14.8%, median).
Magneto-phonon resonance in photoluminescence excitation spectra of magneto-excitons in GaAs/AlGaAs Superlattices
Creators: name: Dickmann, S.
name: Tartakovskii, A. I.
name: Timofeev, V. B.
name: Zhilin, V. M.
name: Zeman, J.
name: Martinez, G.
name: Hvam, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong increase in the intensity of the peaks of excited magneto-exciton (ME) states in the photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra recorded for the ground heavy-hole magneto-excitons (of the 1sHH type) has been found in a GaAs/AlGaAs superlattice in strong magnetic field B applied normal to the sample layers. While varying B the intensities of the PLE peaks have been measured as functions of energy separation $ΔE$ between excited ME peaks and the ground state of the system. The resonance profiles have been found to have maxima at $ΔE_{\rm max}$ close to the energy of the GaAs LO-phonon. However, the value of $ΔE_{\rm max}$ depends on quantum numbers of the excited ME state. The revealed very low quantum efficiency of the investigated sample allows us to ascribe the observed resonance to the enhancement of the non-radiative magneto-exciton relaxation rate arising due to LO-phonon emission. The presented theoretical model, being in a good agreement with experimental observations, provides a method to extract 1sHH magneto-exciton ``in-plane" dispersion from the dependence of $ΔE_{\rm max}$ on the excited ME state quantum numbers.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
A Geometric Analysis of Phase Retrieval
Creators: name: Sun, Ju
name: Qu, Qing
name: Wright, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Can we recover a complex signal from its Fourier magnitudes? More generally, given a set of $m$ measurements, $y_k = |\mathbf a_k^* \mathbf x|$ for $k = 1, \dots, m$, is it possible to recover $\mathbf x \in \mathbb{C}^n$ (i.e., length-$n$ complex vector)? This **generalized phase retrieval** (GPR) problem is a fundamental task in various disciplines, and has been the subject of much recent investigation. Natural nonconvex heuristics often work remarkably well for GPR in practice, but lack clear theoretical explanations. In this paper, we take a step towards bridging this gap. We prove that when the measurement vectors $\mathbf a_k$'s are generic (i.i.d. complex Gaussian) and the number of measurements is large enough ($m \ge C n \log^3 n$), with high probability, a natural least-squares formulation for GPR has the following benign geometric structure: (1) there are no spurious local minimizers, and all global minimizers are equal to the target signal $\mathbf x$, up to a global phase; and (2) the objective function has a negative curvature around each saddle point. This structure allows a number of iterative optimization methods to efficiently find a global minimizer, without special initialization. To corroborate the claim, we describe and analyze a second-order trust-region algorithm.
description: 61 pages, 5 figures. A short version can be found here http://sunju.org/docs/PR_G4_16.pdf . Revised according to reviewers' feedback
Malebranche and Miracles
Creators: name: Tiller, Michaela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Malebranche is an occasionalist philosopher, which is to say he believes that God is the only cause with all creations being passive. He is also a Catholic priest, and therefore committed to the truth of his faith. Malebranche therefore must account for what miracles are in a metaphysical system where their direct causation by the divine does not provide any special distinction. This paper locates Malebranche’s solution to the apparent difficulty in a division between cases where God acts according to laws of nature and those where intervention is necessary lest the laws of nature lead God to negate any divine attribute.
Underlying data and CONSORT checklist for Using pens as an incentive for questionnaire return in an orthopaedic trial: an embedded randomised controlled retention trial
Creators: name: Mitchell, Alex
name: Cook, Liz
name: Dean, Alexandra
name: Fairhurst, Caroline
name: Northgraves, Matthew
name: Torgerson, David
name: Reed, Mike
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Background: We did a ‘study within a trial’ (SWAT), evaluating the effectiveness of the inclusion of a pen with a postal questionnaire, compared to no pen being included, on the retention rate in a large orthopaedic trial. Methods: The SWAT was embedded in the KReBS trial. The primary outcome was the proportion of 12-month questionnaires returned. Secondary outcomes were the proportion of questionnaires completed and time to questionnaire return. Binary data were analysed using logistic regression and time to return using Cox proportional hazards regression. Odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios (HR) are presented, with associated 95% confidence intervals and p-values. Results: In total, 2308 participants were randomised into the SWAT. In the pen group, 1020/1146 (89.0%) of participants returned a questionnaire, compared to 982/1147 (85.6%) in the no pen group. The absolute difference in questionnaire return rate was 3.4% (95% CI: 0.7% to 6.1%; p=0.01). There were statistically significant differences in questionnaire return rate (OR 1.34; 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.72; p=0.02), questionnaire completion rate (OR 1.39; 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.76; p<0.01) and time to questionnaire return (HR 1.16; 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.27; p<0.01) favouring the pen group. Conclusion: This SWAT adds to the growing evidence base for whether pens are effective as an incentive for retention, and indicates their potential effectiveness.
Peculiar seasoning in the neutrino day-night asymmetry: where and when to look for spices?
Creators: name: Kharlanov, Oleg G.
name: Lobanov, Andrey E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the peculiar seasonal effects in the day-night asymmetry of solar neutrinos, namely those connected with the neutrino nighttime flux anomaly near the winter solstice. We show that, for certain placements of the neutrino detector, such effects may be within the reach of next-generation detectors.
description: 3 pages, 1 figures; Talk given at the 16th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics (Moscow, Russia, August 22-28, 2013)
A systematic literature review of drivers for Pacific patients’ decisions to utilise ED for low acuity conditions: a mixed methods review
Creators: name: Yang, Catherine
name: Selak, Vanessa
name: Nosa, Vili
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Race and Ethnicity
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Health Services Administration
subject: Community Health and Preventive Medicine
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Health and Medical Administration
subject: Health Services Research

description: A mixed-methods systematic literature review of drivers for Pacific patients’ decisions to utilise the Emergency Department for low acuity conditions, in order to better understand potential for exacerbating inequity from initiatives discouraging use of the Emergency Department for low acuity conditions.
The relationship between rotational wind patterns and ozone exceedances in Houston, Texas
Creators: name: Christoph, Elizabeth Edith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The Houston-Galveston-Beaumont (HGB) area in southeast Texas has been designated as a non-attainment area for 0.08 ppm 8-hour ozone by the EPA. High ozone episodes in Houston have previously been related to circular wind patterns accompanying land-sea breezes. The direction the wind blew from during the day was divided into quadrants, and the number of quadrants the wind blew from was summed daily. The number of quadrants the wind blew from was highly correlated with ozone exceedances. This study found that 95% of all ozone exceedances occur on 3-quadrant or 4-quadrant days, but on 90% of 3-quadrant and 4-quadrant days, there were no ozone exceedances. The average wind speed and temperature of a day vary with the quadrant class of the day, but not significantly enough to dominate ozone production. This method is helpful in predicting high ozone, and selecting days for attainment demonstrations.
Modelling the chemical evolution of star forming filaments
Creators: name: Seifried, D.
name: Walch, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulations of star forming filaments incorporating - to our knowledge - the largest chemical network used to date on-the-fly in a 3D-MHD simulation. The network contains 37 chemical species and about 300 selected reaction rates. For this we use the newly developed package KROME (Grassi et al. 2014). Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using such a complex chemical network in 3D-MHD simulations on modern supercomputers. We perform simulations with different strengths of the interstellar radiation field and the cosmic ray ionisation rate and find chemical and physical results in accordance with observations and other recent numerical work.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the 5th Zermatt ISM symposium "Conditions and impact of star formation: New results with Herschel and beyond". 4 pages, 1 figure
Geometric Spaces with No Points
Creators: name: Lubarsky, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03F50, 03C62, 03E25, 03E70, 46A40, 46B40

description: Some models of set theory are given which contain sets that have some of the important characteristics of being geometric, or spatial, yet do not have any points, in various ways. What's geometrical is that there are functions to these spaces defined on the ambient spaces which act much like distance functions, and they carry normable Riesz spaces which act like the Riesz spaces of real-valued functions. The first example has a family of sets, each one of which cannot be empty, but not in a uniform manner, so that it is false that all of them are inhabited. In the second, we define one fixed set which does not have any points, while retaining all of these geometrical properties.