Calocera multiramosa Y. H. Ma, W. M. Chen & Y. C. Zhao 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Ma, Yuan-Hao
name: Liu, Ping
name: Chai, Hong-Mei
name: Zeng, Min
name: Guo, Yi-Yun
name: Chen, Wei-Min
name: Zhao, Yong-Chang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Dacrymycetes
Dacrymycetales
Dacrymycetaceae
Calocera
Calocera multiramosa

description: Calocera multiramosa Y. H. Ma, W. M. Chen & Y. C. Zhao sp. nov.   
Figs 6, 7, 8  
Diagnosis.  
 Calocera multiramosa differs from other species of the genus by yellowish to orange basidiomata, dendroid and dichotomously branches, branched, smooth, thin-walled marginal hyphae (2.0–4.8 µm), branched, thin-walled internal hyphae (2.9–10.0 µm), cylindrical to clavate basidia (36.5–52.5 × 4.0–6.0 µm), 1–5 - septate, navicular or reniform basidiospores (10.4–16.7 × 5.2–7.4 µm), occurrence in a deciduous or coniferous forest, occasionally scattered habit on standing timber.   
Type.  
China. Yunnan Province: Shangri-La County, Pudacuo National Park (27 ° 50.61 ' N, 99 ° 57.03 ' E, elev. 3800 m), on standing timber, 17 August 2020, Yuan-Hao Ma, Hong-Mei Chai & Wei-Min Chen (Holotype: HKAS 133171!).  
Etymology.  
 The epithet “ multiramosa ” refers to abundant branches of basidiomata.   
Description.  
 Basidiomata stipitate, fasciculate, usually geminate, occasionally scattered, gelatinous, 1.5–4.0 cm in height, tough, dendroid and dichotomously branched, cylindrical or flattened, surface smooth, yellowish to orange (5 B 8, 6 A 8, 6 B 7–8), 0.3–0.5 cm in diameter at the upper branching part. Marginal hyphae on sterile surfaces cylindrical, branched, smooth, straight or flexuous, septate, thin-walled, hyaline, 2.0–4.8 µm in diameter. Internal hyphae branched, septate, thin-walled, hyaline, 2.9–10.0 µm in diameter. Hymenium limited to the upper surface of basidomata, amphigenous, composed of basidia and simple cylindrical hyphidia; hyphidia hyaline or pale yellow, smooth, thin-walled. Subhymenial hyphae hyaline, smooth or scabrous, thin- or slightly thick-walled, 2.5–7.3 µm in diameter. Basidia cylindrical to clavate, hyaline or pale yellow, thin-walled, becoming bifurcate when mature, (33.5 –) 36.5–52.5 (– 55.0) × (3.5 –) 3.8–6.1 (– 6.4) µm, L m = 45.1 µm, W m = 4.9 µm, sometimes with many septa. Basidiospores [102 / 3 / 3], navicular or reniform, straight or curved, with a small apiculum at the top, thin-walled with thin septa, hyaline to pale yellow, sometimes with oil drops when young and in the germination stage, (6.5 –) 10.4–16.7 (– 17.0) × (4.5 –) 5.2–7.4 (– 8.8) µm, L m = 14.3 µm, W m = 6.3 µm, Q = (1.4 –) 1.6–2.7 (– 2.8), Q m = 2.3, 1–5 - septate at maturity. Germination with conidia by abnormally developing basidia with lots of septa, by hyphae with septa, or by germ tubes. Clamp connections absent in all tissues of the basidiomata.   
Habitat and distribution.  
Geminate, occasionally scattered on standing timber in a deciduous or coniferous forest; known from Yunnan, China.  
Additional specimens examined.  
China. Yunnan Province: Shangri-La County, Pudacuo National Park, 28 August 2021, Yuan-Hao Ma, Ping Liu & Yong-Chang Zhao (HKAS 133172); Jianchuan County, Laojunshan Town, 26 July 2023, Yuan-Hao Ma & Ping Liu (HKAS 133173).  
Notes.  
 Calocera multiramosa resembles C. tibetica, C. viscosa and C. mangshanensis in dendrite basidiomata. However, C. multiramosa is distinguished from C. tibetica by larger basidiospores (10.4–16.7 × 5.2–7.4 µm vs. 9.0–13.0 × 5.0–6.0 µm) with different septa (1–5 vs. 3–4) (Fan et al. 2021); C. multiramosa differs from C. viscosa in larger basidia (36.5–52.5 × 3.8–6.1 µm vs. 23–42 × 3–4.5 µm) and basidiospores with different septa (1–5 vs. 0–1) (McNabb 1965; Shirouzu et al. 2009). C. multiramosa can be distinguished from C. mangshanensis by larger (10.4–16.7 × 5.2–7.4 µm vs. 10.0–13.0 × 4.5–5.5 µm), more septate (1–5 vs. 0–1) basidiospores (Liu and Fan 1989). The new species grows on angiosperm and gymnosperm wood, while C. tibetica and C. viscosa only grows on gymnosperm wood and C. mangshanensis only grows on decayed angiosperm wood (McNabb 1965; Liu and Fan 1989; Oberwinkler 2014). C. multiramosa can be distinguished from C. cornea by the size of the basidiomata (1.5–4.0 cm vs. 0.1–0.5 cm high) (Shirouzu et al. 2009), and C. furcata by the mature basidiospores with different septa (1–5 vs. 1–3) (McNabb 1965). The specimen of C. multiramosa, collected from the Laojun Mountain could not be designated as the holotype because of many immature basidiospores. Therefore, the specimen of C. multiramosa collected from a coniferous forest in the Pudacuo National Park was designated as the holotype.
description: Published as part of Ma, Yuan-Hao, Liu, Ping, Chai, Hong-Mei, Zeng, Min, Guo, Yi-Yun, Chen, Wei-Min & Zhao, Yong-Chang, 2024, Campanophyllum microsporum (Agaricales, Agaricomycetes), Calocera multiramosa, and Dacrymyces naematelioides (Dacrymycetales, Dacrymycetes), three new species from Yunnan Province, southwestern China, pp. 327-350 in MycoKeys 107 on pages 327-350, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.107.125571