cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Examining Sexually Transmitted Disease Transmission Dynamics in Chlamydia Positive and Negative Adolescent Population using Social Network Analysis
Creators: name: Lam, Phuongthao
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Adolescents are disproportionately affected by a wide range of STDs due to high level of personal risk behaviors and poor access to STD prevention services. As documented in numerous previous studies, STDs could lead to many serious consequences to adolescents’ health and the overall well being of society. One prominent concern is that STDs increase adolescent’s risk in acquiring HIV infection. Among all STDs, Chlamydia is the most prevalent in adolescents as well as in the general population. No previous studies have attempted to examine the social interaction of adolescent population heavily affected by Chlamydia. In this study, we would like to take a step forward to identify the difference in behavioral risk level between Chlamydia positive and negative adolescent social network and to describe any impacts of these groups on the transmission of other STDs using social network analysis of data collected from adolescent population in Dekalb County, Georgia. The results indicated highest behavioral risk in the negative girl index respondents’ contacts followed by those of positive boys, positive girls and finally negative boys. However STD prevalence in the contacts among these different groups did not follow the same pattern. Prevalence of STD is highest in the negative girls’ contact group followed by that of positive boys, negative boys; and interestingly positive boys’ contacts exhibit the lowest STD rate. As informed by the results, the presence of infection is not a sufficient indicator of risks; thus, network characteristic was also examined to accurately determine transmission dynamics in this population. Social and sexual network structures among these four different index groups and their contacts suggested low level of STD transmission.
Perceptions of Tuberculosis among the Karen-Burmese Population in DeKalb County, Georgia
Creators: name: Peterkin, Renée
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Introduction: This study was conducted to gain an ethnographic understanding of the Karen persons from Myanmar and their perceptions of tuberculosis (TB) as well as to provide the DeKalb County Board of Health (DCBoH) TB program with practical recommendations for serving this population. Methods: In-depth, open-ended interviews were conducted with 37 Karen-Burmese persons living in the U.S. Local bilingual, bicultural researchers conducted the interviews with respondents recruited from the DCBoH TB clinic and surrounding communities in DeKalb County, Georgia. Both qualitative and quantitative strategies were used to analyze the data. Results: We found that the levels of knowledge pertaining to TB varied greatly. There were few perceptions that were statistically significant among gender and recruitment sources. Also, misconceptions were common in regards to TB transmission and low perceptions of risk. The respondents did request TB education in various formats such as videos and television. Some reported difficulties at the DCBoH included lack of interpreters, limited transportation, and clinic hours. Conclusions: Some of the perceptions of the Karen-Burmese towards TB can be addressed through education. To begin this process it is recommended that the DCBoH TB program provide language-appropriate services that enable both clients and staff members to effectively focus on all concerns regarding TB. Extended clinic hours and transportation would also be helpful for Karen clients. It is important that the staff receives continuous training in cultural competency and an overview of potential misconceptions that this population may embrace.
Accessory and cavitated uterine mass (ACUM)- A rare mullein anomaly.
Creators: name: Shaikh, Mazhar
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pelvis
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Congenital

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 21 years
description: Clinical History: A 21 year old young, unmarried female presented with history of severe dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain aggravating every passing year, since more than 3 years.Her menstrual cycle was regular with normal flow.History of appendicectomy was noted one ye... Final Diagnosis: Accessory and Cavitated Uterine Mass
Welcome to America: A Culturally-Appropriate Resource Manual for Karen Refugees in DeKalb County, Georgia
Creators: name: Woods, Jamie
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Introduction: It is estimated that as many as 17,000 Burmese refugees will enter into the United States (U.S.) in 2009 (USDOS, 2009). Many of these refugees will arrive in Georgia, as many as 80% of which will resettle in DeKalb County. Majority of these refugees will be of Karen ethnicity, an ethnic minority comprising 7% of the Myanmar population. Myanmar’s economic struggles, history of civil war, social injustices, and political crisis have led many of its residents to flee persecution seeking refuge in the U.S. Conflict also impacts the health status of Myanmar. In the World Health Organization’s (WHO) ranking of the health status of individual countries, Myanmar ranked almost last. Due to the poor health outcomes of individuals living in Myanmar and the Refugee camps in Thailand, it can be expected that the refugees entering the U.S. will have significant health problems.

Aim: The purpose of this capstone was to provide a resource for the Karen in DeKalb County so that they may have a link to necessary personal health services that may have otherwise been unavailable, and inform educate and empower these individuals about health issues that impact them.

Methods: A needs assessment of the target population was conducted, and interviews of three trained health promoters from the Karen community in DeKalb County were used to gain insight into the needs of newly arriving refugees

Results: Karen refugees often enter the U.S. with a host of health problems, but lack knowledge surrounding navigation of the U.S. healthcare system.

Discussion: The findings of the review of literature and interviews of Karen refugees in the community supports the assumption that a resource manual is needed to assist the Karen refugees residing in DeKalb County, and has the potential to positively impact the resettlement process and improve health for these individuals. In addition, results suggest that categories of health chosen for inclusion in the manual were in line with the needs of the Karen refugees.
Cuculicola splendidus
Creators: name: Sánchez-Montes, Sokani
name: Colunga-Salas, Pablo
name: Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía
name: Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen
name: Montiel-Parra, Griselda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Cuculicola
Cuculicola splendidus

description: Cuculicola splendidus (Kellogg, 1899)
Nirmus splendidus Kellogg, 1899a: 16, pl. 2, figs 3, 6.
Baja California: Caracara cheriway, no date, J.F. Abbott (Kellogg 1899a).
Notes: The record of Nirmus splendidus by Kellogg & Chapman (1902a) from “(Tampico, Mexico)” was incorrectly taken from Kellogg (1899b), where the locality is correctly given as “ Baja California ” (INEGI 2014). Also, the record of a species of Cuculicola from Caracara cheriway is most likely the result of a contamination because there is no species of Cuculicola parasitising any species in the order Falconiformes (see Price et al. 2003).
description: Published as part of Sánchez-Montes, Sokani, Colunga-Salas, Pablo, Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía, Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen & Montiel-Parra, Griselda, 2018, Chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) associated with vertebrates in Mexico, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 4372 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4372.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3098143
Soil-Transmitted Helminths in Schoolchildren in Grand Bois Haiti: A Prevalence Study
Creators: name: De Pasquale, John
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2007

description: This study used secondary data collected in 2006 to assess the prevalence and severity of three common soil-transmitted helminths in schoolchildren in rural, mountainous, eastern Haiti, and using a case-control design looked at age and gender as independent risk factors, and at anemia and growth failure as potential outcomes of infection. The primary aim was to determine if prevalence and severity were high enough to meet World Health Organization (WHO) population-based deworming criteria. Results do support mass deworming, but overall, indicate no correlation between the other independent variables or outcome measures with presence of disease. A secondary data set from the coastal town of Leogane, Haiti was used as a comparison population where a similar study was performed in 1996. Based on findings, recommendations will be made to Haitian health authorities.
Attitudes Supporting Violence and Involvement in Peer Violence Perpetration and Victimization among Youths in a High-Risk Urban Community
Creators: name: Ali, Bina
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Peer violence perpetration and victimization are the most common types of violence among youths (Swahn et al., 2008). This study determined the associations between peer violence attitudes and involvement in peer violence perpetration and peer violence victimization among boys and girls in high-risk urban community. Analyses were based on data from the 2004 Youth Violence Survey, administered to over 80% of public school students in grades 7, 9, 11, and 12 (N = 4131) in a high-risk urban community. Chi-square and logistic regression analyses were conducted to test the associations between attitudes and involvement in violent behaviors after controlling for demographic characteristics and potential confounders (e.g., child maltreatment, substance use, weapon carrying, and efficacy to avoid violence). Results show that among all youths, attitudes supporting boys hitting boys significantly increased the odds of peer violence perpetration (AOR: 1.48; 95% CI = 1.13, 1.95). However, stratified analyses for boys and girls show that attitudes supporting boys hitting boys increased the odds of peer violence perpetration for girls only (AOR: 1.57; 95% CI = 1.04, 2.37). The findings demonstrate associations between attitudes and actual involvement in violent behaviors, but they need to be further explored. Additional research is needed to determine how attitude modifications can be incorporated into youth violence prevention programs.
An Examination of the Association between HIV-related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors and HIV Infection Status in Ghana.
Creators: name: Annor, Francis
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: The reduction in HIV prevalence in Ghana has been attributed to the increased awareness about the disease which has significantly caused changes in behavior to reduce the people’s risk of HIV infection. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of some selected demographics variables on HIV-related knowledge, attitude and behavior and also to examine the effect of HIV related knowledge, attitude and behavior on HIV serostatus in Ghana. Using data from Demographic Health Survey on Ghana for 2003, binary and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted. The results indicated that increasing educational level, increasing wealth and residing in the urban areas were all significantly associated with high HIV knowledge, positive attitude and the practice of less risky sexual behavior. The results also showed that HIV negative individuals were more likely to have higher HIV knowledge, have negative attitude towards people living with HIV and to practice less risky sexual behaviors though none of these was statistically significant.
Examining the Need for Cultural Adaptations to an Evidence-Based Parent Training Model
Creators: name: Frederick, Kimberly
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Child maltreatment (CM) is a major public health problem in the United States which affects millions of children each year. Because parents are responsible for the majority of substantiated CM reports, behavioral parent training is recommended as the primary prevention strategy. In recent years, researchers and clinicians have begun work examining the relevance and effectiveness of making cultural adaptations to parent training programs. The purpose of this study was to explore the need for systemic cultural adaptations to SafeCare®, an evidence-based parent-training child maltreatment prevention program. SafeCare is currently implemented in nine states and SafeCare providers are serving families representing a wide array of cultures and ethnicities. Eleven SafeCare providers, representing six states, participated in individual, semi-structured interviews to determine what, if any, cultural adaptations were in place in the field and whether there was a need for systematic culture-specific or general cultural adaptations to the SafeCare model. The interviews provided evidence that, across sites and populations, adaptations are being made when implementing SafeCare with diverse families. Providers expressed a need to make the language/reading levels of the model materials more relevant for all the populations served. Overall, however, providers found the model to be flexible and amenable to working with families of various cultures and ethnicities. Providers recommended against systematic adaptations of the model for specific ethnic groups.
Cuculoecus coccygii
Creators: name: Sánchez-Montes, Sokani
name: Colunga-Salas, Pablo
name: Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía
name: Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen
name: Montiel-Parra, Griselda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Cuculoecus
Cuculoecus coccygii

description: Cuculoecus coccygii (Osborn, 1896)
Docophorus coccygii Osborn, 1896: 222, fig. 143.
Baja California: Coccyzus americanus occidentalis, no date (Kellog, 1899a). Note: Specimens of C. coccygii were identified by Kellogg (1899a) as “ Docophorus latifrons Var. occidentalis Kellogg ”.
description: Published as part of Sánchez-Montes, Sokani, Colunga-Salas, Pablo, Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía, Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen & Montiel-Parra, Griselda, 2018, Chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) associated with vertebrates in Mexico, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 4372 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4372.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3098143
An Evaluation of Consumer Satisfaction of SafeCare® Provider Trainings
Creators: name: Jones, Courtney
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: This capstone project was conducted to evaluate trainer trainee satisfaction and acceptability from social validation questionnaires for SafeCare provider training s conducted by the National SafeCare Training and Research Center. Data were collected from 82 training participants from 2007 to 2009. SafeCare is an evidence-based parenting skills program created for at-risk and maltreating parents. The National SafeCare Training and Research Center utilizes a trainer-training model to teach professionals at the community-level. Trainees are instructed in four SafeCare modules: health, home safety, parent-child and parent-infant interactions. Social validation questionnaires are administered to evaluate process and procedures, outcome measures, staff performance, and training methods. Overall, SafeCare provider training was reported as valuable across all three social validation questionnaires. Trainees also reported a strong agreement for utilizing the skills learned during training in their future field work. Training staff performance received high satisfaction ratings as well.
A SWOT Analysis of the Protecting Pedestrians on the Move Project
Creators: name: Lynch, Victoria
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: Each day, approximately 25,000 GSU students, staff, and faculty are exposed to deadly hazards from fast-moving, high-volume traffic. Protecting Pedestrians on the Move (PPM), a collaboration of organizations in downtown Atlanta, has partnered with several groups to implement an action plan to improve pedestrian safety for Georgia State students and others in the downtown campus area. This study utilized the SWOT analysis evaluative tool to understand the team members’ and stakeholders’ perceptions of the project’s programming and implementation. Participants were asked to rate the extent to which the project’s goals were fulfilled, as well as to describe the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of five aspects of the project: people, program, effectiveness, resources, and growth. Seven participants completed the survey, and gave an overall rating of the completion of project objectives as 6.2 out of 10. Staff expertise and relationships were considered the greatest strengths, and PPM becoming a strong voice for pedestrian safety was viewed to be the primary opportunity of the PPM project. Overly ambitious goals and depleted funding were reported as the greatest weaknesses, and loss of objectives and no succession plan were considered the primary threats. Areas for future improvement included: finding a funding and personnel “home” for the PPM project, having a clear strategic plan, and developing plans for the future/sustainability. The insights gained from this SWOT analysis exercise provides direction for continued research and improved program implementation surrounding pedestrian safety issues.
Strategic Plan for Autism
Creators: name: Perry, Christopher
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of the project was to develop a comprehensive strategic plan for addressing the problem of autism in Atlanta and the State of Georgia. The project was carried out under the Supervision of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta personnel, specifically Lydia Gonzalez-Ryan. The protocol included using population data, historic utilization data, autism prevalence rates, benchmarking data on other autism centers and efforts ongoing in other states. This data was not statistically analyzed but was collected and summarized qualitatively and was, and will continue to be used to inform the strategic recommendations going forward. This project involved no human subjects and did not require any IRB intervention at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta as it was an operationally focused project.
"When the Dog Bites..." A Socio-ecological Approach to Dog Bite Injury Prevention by Targeting Dog Owners in the United States
Creators: name: Sinha, Saswati
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: The CDC estimates that 4.7 million Americans get bitten by dogs every year. Most of these dog bite injuries involve a family-owned pet and a household member or person familiar to the dog.  This capstone examines six topics: dog bite injuries and its impact on communities; new strategies for dog bite injury prevention; incidence of dog bite injuries requiring emergency room treatment among children from 2001 to 2008; dog bite injury healthcare costs; implementation of dog bite injury prevention; and legal issues and outcomes in dog bite injury.  A novel approach to dog bite injury research should include a socio-ecological perspective that captures complex risk factors surrounding behavior and sociological background of dog owners before, during, and after dog bite injury incidence that is collected in a national integrated data system and translates prevention science effectively according to the CDC Injury Research Agenda.
Degeeriella fulva
Creators: name: Sánchez-Montes, Sokani
name: Colunga-Salas, Pablo
name: Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía
name: Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen
name: Montiel-Parra, Griselda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Degeeriella
Degeeriella fulva

description: Degeeriella fulva (Giebel, 1874)
Nirmus fulvus Giebel, 1874: 124
Estado de Mexico: Parabuteo unicinctus and Buteo jamaicensis, Centro de Investigación y Conservación de Vida Silvestre (CIVS) Los Reyes, La Paz, no date, (Oliveira et al. 2011).
description: Published as part of Sánchez-Montes, Sokani, Colunga-Salas, Pablo, Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía, Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen & Montiel-Parra, Griselda, 2018, Chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) associated with vertebrates in Mexico, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 4372 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4372.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3098143
CDC.gov's Web-based Outreach Channels for H1N1 Flu (Swine Flu)
Creators: name: Stein, Joanne
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Introduction: H1N1 flu (swine flu) first emerged in mid-April 2009, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was a lead U.S. federal agency responding to the disease, the first pandemic in more than 40 years.

Aim: The purpose of this program evaluation is to assess CDC’s Web-based outreach for the first part of the H1N1 flu pandemic (April to July 2009). Evaluation focuses on the seven CDC Web sites used for H1N1 flu outreach: H1N1 Flu (English and Spanish), CDC.gov, CDC en Español, CDC Partners, CDC Seasonal Flu, and MMWR.

Methods: The evaluation assessed Web use and users through data collected by the American Consumer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) and specific Web statistics gathered through Omniture SiteCatalyst.

Discussion: People have been using the internet to collect health information since the early days of popular usage. During the early H1N1 flu emergency, CDC used seven different Web sites to reach out to its users, who are primarily public health professionals, healthcare providers and consumers. Most users cite one of four reasons for visiting CDC’s Web sites: health information for my work, health information for myself, health information for patient or client, and health information for someone else. Between April and July, a clear majority of users visited the Web site for H1N1 flu information (from a high of 58% in May to a low of 35% in July). CDC.gov has received ACSI satisfaction scores of 80 (considered a top performer) or higher since the first quarter of 2007; the overall site satisfaction score of 82 during the first quarter of 2009 was bested by the H1N1-specific satisfaction score of 84 from mid-April to the end of June. Traffic to the site increased enormously during the early H1N1 flu emergency, from approximately 45 million page views per month in February and March 2009 to more than 98.2 million page views in April 2009.

Recommendations: Those working on CDC.gov H1N1 flu-related content should continue trying to anticipate and meet user needs by expanding Web content, partnering with external organizations to share key information through syndication and information placement, and enhancing translation capabilities.
The Ecology of the Availability and Access to Healthy Food in Atlanta, Georgia
Creators: name: Taylor, Tina
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Background: Access to food is an issue that not only deals with the safety of food that people consume, but also entails the availability and access of food in certain areas or neighborhoods. Eating behavior is highly complex and results from the interplay of multiple influences across different contexts. An ecological approach is useful to guide research efforts related to eating behavior because of the emphasis on multilevel links.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the access to, availability, and price of food in various food outlets of two zip codes in Atlanta, Georgia, which differ in socioeconomic status (SES) and racial background. It is hypothesized that low SES communities have a lower availability and higher price of healthy foods, and also have a higher number of small grocery stores, convenience stores and gas station food markets.

Methodology: Primary data were collected for this study. Two zip codes were selected in the Metropolitan Atlanta area, 30318 and 30329. Frequencies and independent sample t-test for small sample sizes was used to determine whether the items of the market basket was significantly different for the two zip codes.

Results: The Market Basket Survey showed significant disparities in areas with convenience stores. People who may have access to convenience stores before will pay more for healthy food items, if they are available at all. Fruit and vegetables were least likely to be available in convenience stores. In terms of small food stores, items were available in national brands, which are more costly than chain grocery stores or supermarkets. The hypothesis was rejected.

Conclusion: Maintaining a nutritious diet is impossible if healthy foods are not available; and it is not realistic to expect food retailers to address the problem without community support and investment. Local Governments and communities should assess needs to improve access to healthy foods and develop action plans to address deficiencies identified in their assessments.
Stochastic taylor expansions for functionals of martingales
Creators: name: Khaledian, Arman
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: We use the Functional Ito Calculus to develop a stochastic Taylor formula and a chaos expansion for functionals of a continuous square-integrable martingale. Given a continuous square-integrable martingale X, we define Sobolev spaces of non-anticipative functionals using the concept of weak vertical and horizontal derivatives developed in the functional Itˆo calculus. We then show that any functional in these Sobolev spaces may be expanded as a sum of multiple Ito integrals, with integrands expressed in terms of horizontal and vertical derivatives of the process. This result extends the well-known Wiener-Ito decomposition beyond the Gaussian setting, to functionals of a continuous square-integrable martingale, with the n-th homogeneous chaos replaced by a space of n-fold iterated Ito integrals with respect to X.
An Analysis of Postpartum Depression and Care Seeking Behaviors in Georgia
Creators: name: Tennyson, Sarah
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Postpartum depression is recognized as an important maternal and child health issue. Postpartum depression is the most common perinatal psychiatric disorder and one of the most common complications of childbirth. Studies show prevalence rates in women ranging from 10% to 25%. Postpartum depression affects the emotional wellbeing of mothers, infant behavior, mother-infant bonding, and marital relationships. However, the majority of women who experience postpartum depression do not seek care. The purpose of this analysis is to examine the demographic differences between women in Georgia who report symptoms of postpartum depression but do not seek care, versus women who report postpartum depression symptoms and seek care. Approximately 15% of respondents in this study reported postpartum depression. Of these women, approximately 80% did not seek care for their symptoms. This analysis found that women with the following characteristics were more likely to not seek care for depression: non-White and Hispanic women; women that were uninsured before their pregnancy; women that had their prenatal care paid for by Medicaid or the Military; and women who did not seek care for depression during their pregnancy. The results of this study may help to guide the implementation of public health interventions among postpartum women in Georgia.
Comparing Obesity Trends in Rural Versus Urban Peru from 1991 to 2005
Creators: name: Timar, Dana
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Background: The changes in diet and physical activity in populations over time has been described as the nutrition transition. It is currently thought that many developing nations are in a transition from the receding famine to the degenerative disease profile as these nations adopt “western diets” and the people become more sedentary. The literature has shown a unique relationship between Gross National Income (GNI) per capita and obesity. At or above a GNI per capita of $2500 (US), prevalence of obesity increase among lower socioeconomic status (SES) groups and falls in upper SES groups.

Methods: To examine this transition in one country, data were analyzed from Peru. The data were obtained from the United States Agency for International Development’s Demographic Health Surveys administered from 1991 to 2008. During this time Peru’s GNI per capita increased from $1090 to $3990. For the analysis, all non pregnant women aged 15 to 49 who had body mass index (BMI) measurements taken during the survey were included. Prevalence ratios of underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity were compared for place of residence (urban or rural) and educational attainment for all four surveys completed during those years (1991-2, 1996, 2000, and 2004-5). Food consumption patterns in children from the same household were examined for surveys completed in 2000 and 2004.

Results and Discussion: Over the survey period (1991-2005), average BMI measurements and obesity prevalence increased in all women in Peru from 8-12%. However, both average BMI and prevalence of obesity increased more rapidly in rural women. In terms of educational attainment, a proxy for SES, obesity was highest among urban women with higher educational attainment initially. However, it increased among other educational attainment groups over time. For rural women, obesity was highest among those with lower educational attainment over time. The consumption of oils, fats, and butters increased from 2000 to 2004 in both urban and rural children with the greatest increase among rural children. Based on the results, it appears that there is evidence of increased prevalence of obesity in rural compared to urban women in Peru from 1991-2005 suggestive of the nutrition transition from receding famine to degenerative disease. The more rapid increase in both BMI and obesity in rural women may be the result of increased access to different food products such as oils, fats and butters and increased consumption in rural areas. More research should be done to further clarify factors affecting this transition and the public health community and the government should examine and attempt to prevent further increase in obesity in Peru.
Short summary of Rural and Agricultural Development:– Maximising the Potential in the Islands of Orkney, Shetland & Outer Hebrides
Creators: name: Thomson, Steven
Publisher: name: Scotland's Rural College (SRUC)
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences
classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: A very short summary of the Rural and Agricultural Development:– Maximising the Potential in the Islands of Orkney, Shetland & Outer Hebrides research report with some key findings and selected charts and figures.
Degeeriella fusca
Creators: name: Sánchez-Montes, Sokani
name: Colunga-Salas, Pablo
name: Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía
name: Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen
name: Montiel-Parra, Griselda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Degeeriella
Degeeriella fusca

description: Degeeriella fusca (Denny, 1842)
Nirmus fuscus Denny, 1842: 49, 118, pl. 9, fig. 8.
Baja California: Buteo jamaicensis borealis, no date; Falco sparverius peninsularis, no date; Falco peregrinus anatum, no date, J.F. Abbott (Kellogg 1899a).
Note: Specimens of D. fusca were identified by Kellogg (1899a) as “ Nirmus fuscus Nitzsch ”. All three records of D. fusca from the above hosts in Kellogg (1899a) are most likely misidentifactions of D. fulva and D. rufa (see Price et al. 2003).
description: Published as part of Sánchez-Montes, Sokani, Colunga-Salas, Pablo, Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía, Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen & Montiel-Parra, Griselda, 2018, Chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) associated with vertebrates in Mexico, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 4372 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4372.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3098143
Race/Ethnicity: Is it an Outcome Predictor in Patients with Heart Failure?
Creators: name: Bhatt, Digant
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2009

description: Objective:  The aim of this study was to determine the role of race as a significant risk factor for prediction of outcomes in heart failure (HF).  Methods:  The data was collected on demographics, detailed history of HF, family history, vital signs, medication and laboratory profile for 585 patients from Heart failure Treatment Center of Emory University after year of 2000. Outcome of HF was defined as combination of death, placement of left ventricular assisted devise, heart transplant or emergency transplant. The independent relationship between race and outcomes of HF was evaluated by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. The survival analysis was done by Cox regression modeling.  Results:  Among 585 HF patients, 58.1% were whites and 41.9% were blacks and 28.2% HF patients had positive outcomes. Although Whites tended to have a more positive outcome (34.6%) than blacks (28.9%), the difference was not statistically significant. Factors predicting the outcome in whites were male gender (OR 5.02), history of hypertension (OR 2.3), ventricular arrhythmias (OR 2.4), placement of AICD(OR 0.09), low EF% (OR 0.95), high NYHA class (OR 3.25), use of beta blockers (OR 0.12), aldosterone blockers (OR 2.19), furosemide (2.18); while in blacks they were age in years (OR 0.96), history of PTCA (OR 7.04), dislipidemia (OR 3.90), depression (OR 0.01), placement of AICD (OR 0.14), low EF% (OR 0.92), systolic blood pressure (OR 0.96), high NYHA class (OR 4.01), use of beta blockers (OR 0.14), torsemide (OR 2.86), and digoxin (OR 4.91) etc. Blacks had higher survival than whites (p < 0.001).  Conclusion:  There is no significant difference in combined outcome (death, transplant, emergency transplant, and Left Ventricular Assisted Devise placement) of HF between whites and blacks. There are differences regarding the risk factors, which are more prominent in each race. Further exploration is required to evaluate the race as significant risk factor for predicting the outcome in HF.
Health Care Disparities and Chronic Disease Burden: Policy Implications for NGOs
Creators: name: Obot, Stella
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this capstone is to develop a program to address health literacy among African American adults.  The social cognitive theory and the health belief model was used to create a model of an age appropriate, culturally sensitive program with a pre and post test to improve the health literacy in this population.  The Community Health Literacy Improvement Program (CHIP) is a pilot program that will consist of a four week didactic intervention focused on combating prose, document, and quantitative health illiteracy.  This program will be implemented through a community based nonprofit organization.  Participants who complete the CHIP program will be able to identify risk factors for chronic diseases, assess their ability to avoid chronic diseases, and be able to locate community health resources.  This  proposed intervention will show that community based nonprofit organizations have an important role to play in building community buy in and establishing the agency necessary for community based, culturally sensitive programs such as CHIP to succeed.
Degeeriella pricei Emerson 1966
Creators: name: Sánchez-Montes, Sokani
name: Colunga-Salas, Pablo
name: Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía
name: Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen
name: Montiel-Parra, Griselda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Degeeriella
Degeeriella pricei

description: Degeeriella pricei Emerson, 1966
Degeeriella pricei Emerson, 1966a: 21, figs 1, 2.
Tamaulipas: Caracara cheriway, Ciudad Victoria, 8 Jul. 1962, M.A. Price (Emerson 1966a). Types: Holotype male and allotype female deposited in USNM.
description: Published as part of Sánchez-Montes, Sokani, Colunga-Salas, Pablo, Álvarez-Castillo, Lucía, Guzmán-Cornejo, Carmen & Montiel-Parra, Griselda, 2018, Chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) associated with vertebrates in Mexico, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 4372 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4372.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3098143
Assessment of Existing Mercury Fact Sheets for Development of a Revised Mercury Fact Sheet
Creators: name: Patel, Subash
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: Introduction: A mercury fact sheet that contains essential information and can be clearly understood by majority of adults is needed.  In Fiscal Year 2009, EPA responded to more releases related to mercury than any other release.  Since 2003, EPA has responded to more than 200 mercury releases.  The American Association of Poison Control Centers estimate more than 50,000 people have been exposed to mercury vapors from 2003 to 2008, and 19,000 mercury cleanups have occurred from 2006 to 2008.

Purpose:

To determine what information needs to be included in a mercury fact sheet and how it should be created to inform adults who may be important in preventing and limiting exposure during accidental mercury release in the United States.

Methods:

The Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level Formula Data and the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) tool were used to determine readability and appropriateness of twelve fact sheets related to elemental mercury.  Length of fact sheets and illustration coverage percentage were also assessed. In addition, surveys were performed with four people who were involved in response to mercury releases in 2007 to 2009.  The information they provided was also summarized to determine important elements that should be included in the fact sheets.

Results:

Information in a fact sheet should include the background of mercury, procedures in the event of a release, and ways to prevent releases.  Based on the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, the literacy levels required to comprehend the 12 facts sheets was 11.4 on average. The majority of adults cannot comprehend the twelve fact sheets evaluated.  Based on the evaluation of the material using SAM, none of the fact sheets scored higher than adequate with SAM.  Only two fact sheets were written on one page and none of the fact sheets used relevant, simple illustrations with captions.

Discussion:

An effective mercury fact sheet needs to be about one page long and focuses on background, procedures, and prevention of exposure during a mercury release. Information obtained from interviews found that people focused the majority of their attention on the first page only.  The fact sheet needs to be written at a sixth grade reading and to be able to receive a superior rating when assessed with SAM.  This will ensure that the fact sheet is readable and comprehendible by the majority of adults and include the necessary information that the public must know regarding mercury.  A new fact sheet was developed and assessed using both Flesch-Kincaid level and SAM and was found to have a 6.6 reading grade level and received a superior score under SAM.  This fact sheet will be used by EPA along with the existing more comprehensive fact sheets at state agencies, and poison control centers for future releases and will be given to schools to educate and prevent future releases.
A Comparative Analysis of the Attitudes towards People Living with HIV/AIDS between Haiti and the Dominican Republic
Creators: name: Perrin, Georges
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: BACKGROUND: HIV-related stigmatizing attitudes are persistent concerns in developing countries and have been shown to fuel the spread of the epidemics. The purpose of this study is to provide a comparative analysis between Haiti and the Dominican Republic in regards to the population’s attitude towards People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).
METHODS: Cross-sectional data from the Demographic Health Surveys involving 15,715 Haitians and 55,170 Dominicans from 2005 to 2007 were used. A score of attitudes was established from six items such as the willingness to care for infected relatives, the willingness to buy vegetables from an HIV infected vendor, the perception that HIV patients should be ashamed of themselves, the agreement to blame and force them to keep their serostatus secret and finally the agreement to allow infected teachers to continue their jobs. Descriptive statistics, univariate and multivariate analyses of selected socio-demographic variables were obtained by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
RESULTS: Logistic regression models showed that female Dominicans and male Haitians, respondents of higher socio-economic status and with more accurate HIV-related beliefs were significantly more tolerant towards PLWHA (p<.001). Furthermore, the Dominican Republic’s data analysis suggested that those aged between 30 and 44 years old, living in urban areas and married expressed more tolerance for the HIV- infected individuals. Overall, the attitudes and beliefs of the Haitians adjusted for socio-demographic variables did not differ markedly from the Dominicans.
CONCLUSION:  The attitudes towards PLWHA seem to be associated with the nature of the HIV-related beliefs in some vulnerable groups. The findings of this study should guide the design of appropriate programs aimed at the education of targeted populations.
Refugees in DeKalb County: A Capstone Project
Creators: name: Moore, Andrew
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: The refugee population within the United States is very dynamic, creating new challenges for county boards of health every day. To assist refugee groups in their transition to life in America, their needs must be thoroughly understood. County officials must also recognize their own limitations and be able to overcome them. Appropriate coordination with community resources relieves boards of health of some of the burden. However, county officials must also ensure that services provided in their domain are exceptional. This project aims to aid in this process for the DeKalb County Board of Health (DCBOH) and incoming refugees. A physician directory was created to improve the coordination between the DCBOH and community resources. In addition, a health manual geared towards informing refugees was updated and prepared for distribution.
Associations of Race, Age, and Socioeconomic Status among Women with Prediabetes: An Examination of Nhanes Data 2005-2006 Regarding Prediabetes Risk
Creators: name: Kattakayam, Rose
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: Background: Prediabetes (PD) defined as having glucose values above normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes, is known to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes and associated complications. Early prevention efforts can reverse the condition or delay the development of type 2 diabetes. This study examines the sociodemographic risk factors for PD in women.  Methods: Using secondary data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey NHANES 2005-2006, chi-square analysis was done to find the prevalence of the disease among different categories of women with respect to age, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the associations of the sociodemographic factors with PD among women. A p-value of <0>.05 and 95% confidence intervals were used to determine statistical significance throughout all the analyses performed.  Results: In total, 3,461 cases were included in the study analysis. Cases with indications of PD were found in 716 (20.7%) of the sample. Increased age was consistently associated with PD in women [?=392.3(3), p<.001]. Prevalence of PD peaked for those aged 60 and above. Results of multivariate analysis suggested that being non-Hispanic Blacks was associated with increased likelihood of PD. Education was found to be significantly associated with PD but an inverse relationship could not be established.  Conclusions: As an increase in age was found to be associated with PD in women, early screening and education regarding lifestyle changes can help reverse the condition. Minority groups should be an important focus for PD prevention efforts.
Promoting Older Adults' Health through Policy
Creators: name: Buckmaster, Pamela
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this capstone project was to develop the content for an online training module entitled Promoting Older Adults’ Health through Policy. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Aging and Health Work Group was interested in complementing their workshop, Promoting Older Adults’ Health: Opportunities and Resources for CDC Professionals with an online training module on aging and policy.

This project highlights significant pieces of U.S. legislation that promotes older adults’ health and draws attention to emerging policy, systems, and environmental changes on the horizon. 
An anticipated short-term outcome is a demonstrated sensitivity to population aging in all CDC centers, divisions, programs, and initiatives. Similarly, an anticipated long-term outcome is growth in the number, quality, and scope of collaborative efforts across CDC centers, divisions, programs, and initiatives that focus on older adults’ health.  

Two perspectives, “Healthy Aging” and “Successful Aging,” provide the foundation for a discussion of legislation and policies oriented towards older adults’ health.  Various policy frameworks, i.e., cost-benefit, problem, political, vision, and a futures policy approach frame the discussion of policy development. Significant legislation that promotes older adults’ health, i.e., Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, and the Older Americans Act of 1965 provide a historical context for a discussion of emerging policy, systems, and environmental changes that promise even greater advances.  The mobility challenge for older adults as a population group in the U.S. provides the thematic thrust of this section of the module.  Examples of CDC’s work exploring the link between older adults’ health and mobility, the built environment, and emergency preparedness are highlighted based on several criteria: burden of the problem, preventability, relationship to other CDC initiatives, and usefulness to practitioners are critical considerations. 

The module also discusses how legislation and policies designed to promote health aging also improve the quality of life for all population groups.  Policies focused on healthy aging lay the groundwork for an integration of a “health in all policies” approach (World Health Organization/ WHO, 2006), working in tandem with the “health for all” framework (WHO, 1998) and the “society for all ages” construct (United Nations, 1999).