cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accessory parameters in confluent Heun equations and classical irregular conformal blocks
Creators: name: Lisovyy, O.
name: Naidiuk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Classical Virasoro conformal blocks are believed to be directly related to accessory parameters of Floquet type in the Heun equation and some of its confluent versions. We extend this relation to another class of accessory parameter functions that are defined by inverting all-order Bohr-Sommerfeld periods for confluent and biconfluent Heun equation. The relevant conformal blocks involve Nagoya irregular vertex operators of rank 1 and 2 and conjecturally correspond to partition functions of a 4D $\mathcal{N}=2$, $N_f=3$ gauge theory at strong coupling and an Argyres-Douglas theory.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Micro-Facial Expression Recognition Based on Deep-Rooted Learning Algorithm
Creators: name: Lalitha, S. D.
name: Thyagharajan, K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1; I.2.6; I.2.10; I.4.3; I.4.7; I.4.8; I.4.9; I.4.10; I.5.3; I.5.4

description: Facial expressions are important cues to observe human emotions. Facial expression recognition has attracted many researchers for years, but it is still a challenging topic since expression features vary greatly with the head poses, environments, and variations in the different persons involved. In this work, three major steps are involved to improve the performance of micro-facial expression recognition. First, an Adaptive Homomorphic Filtering is used for face detection and rotation rectification processes. Secondly, Micro-facial features were used to extract the appearance variations of a testing image-spatial analysis. The features of motion information are used for expression recognition in a sequence of facial images. An effective Micro-Facial Expression Based Deep-Rooted Learning (MFEDRL) classifier is proposed in this paper to better recognize spontaneous micro-expressions by learning parameters on the optimal features. This proposed method includes two loss functions such as cross entropy loss function and centre loss function. Then the performance of the algorithm will be evaluated using recognition rate and false measures. Simulation results show that the predictive performance of the proposed method outperforms that of the existing classifiers such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Deep Neural Network (DNN), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and k-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) in terms of accuracy and Mean Absolute Error (MAE).
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, "for the published version of the article, see https://www.atlantis-press.com/journals/ijcis/125915627"
On the Oriented Chromatic Number of Dense Graphs
Creators: name: Wood, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15

description: Let $G$ be a graph with $n$ vertices, $m$ edges, average degree $δ$, and maximum degree $Δ$. The "oriented chromatic number" of $G$ is the maximum, taken over all orientations of $G$, of the minimum number of colours in a proper vertex colouring such that between every pair of colour classes all edges have the same orientation. We investigate the oriented chromatic number of graphs, such as the hypercube, for which $δ\geq\log n$. We prove that every such graph has oriented chromatic number at least $Ω(\sqrt{n})$. In the case that $δ\geq(2+ε)\log n$, this lower bound is improved to $Ω(\sqrt{m})$. Through a simple connection with harmonious colourings, we prove a general upper bound of $O(Δ\sqrt{n})$ on the oriented chromatic number. Moreover this bound is best possible for certain graphs. These lower and upper bounds are particularly close when $G$ is ($c\log n$)-regular for some constant $c>2$, in which case the oriented chromatic number is between $Ω(\sqrt{n\log n})$ and $O(\sqrt{n}\log n)$.
Probing the Stop Sector of the MSSM with the Higgs Boson at the LHC
Creators: name: Dermisek, Radovan
name: Low, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose using the lightest CP-even Higgs boson in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) to probe the stop sector. Unlike measuring stop masses in production/decay processes which requires knowledge of masses and mixing angles of other superparticles, the strategy depends little on supersymmetric parameters other than those in the stop sector in a large region of parameter space. We show that measurements of the Higgs mass and the production rate in the gluon fusion channel, the dominant channel at the LHC, allow for determination of two parameters in the stop mass-squared matrix, including the off-diagonal mixing term. This proposal is very effective when stops are light and their mixing is large, which coincides with the region where the electroweak symmetry breaking is minimally fine tuned. We also argue that a lightest CP-even Higgs mass in the upper range of allowed values and a production rate significantly smaller than in the standard model would be difficult to reconcile within the MSSM, except in extreme corners of the parameter space.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor corrections; version to appear on PRD; now 19 pages and 4 figures
The evolution of plasticity in the neuroscientific literature during the second half of the twentieth century to the present
Creators: name: Akbaritabar, Aliakbar
name: Rubin, Beatrix P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: In the neurosciences, concepts play an important role in the conception and direction of research. Among the theoretical notions and direction of research, plasticity stands out because of the multiple ways in which scientists use it to describe and interpret how the nervous system changes and adapts to different requirements. The occurrence of different conceptualizations of plasticity in the scientific literature during the second half of the twentieth century and up to the present was investigated using bibliometric methods. Throughout the period analyzed, synaptic plasticity has remained the dominant conceptualization of plasticity. However, scientists have continued to introduce novel plasticity concepts reflecting the scientific advances they have made in understanding the dynamic nature of the nervous system. The conceptual evolution of plasticity documents that the view of the adult nervous system as immutable has been replaced by an understanding of the nervous system as capable of lifelong change and adaptation.
Two regimes of Turbulent Fragmentation and the stellar IMF from Primordial to Present Day Star Formation
Creators: name: Padoan, Paolo
name: Nordlund, AAke
name: Kritsuk, Alexei G.
name: Norman, Michael L.
name: Li, Pak Shing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Padoan and Nordlund model of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) is derived from low order statistics of supersonic turbulence, neglecting gravity (e.g. gravitational fragmentation, accretion and merging). In this work the predictions of that model are tested using the largest numerical experiments of supersonic hydrodynamic (HD) and magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence to date (~1000^3 computational zones) and three different codes (Enzo, Zeus and the Stagger Code). The model predicts a power law distribution for large masses, related to the turbulence energy power spectrum slope, and the shock jump conditions. This power law mass distribution is confirmed by the numerical experiments. The model also predicts a sharp difference between the HD and MHD regimes, which is recovered in the experiments as well, implying that the magnetic field, even below energy equipartition on the large scale, is a crucial component of the process of turbulent fragmentation. These results suggest that the stellar IMF of primordial stars may differ from that in later epochs of star formation, due to differences in both gas temperature and magnetic field strength. In particular, we find that the IMF of primordial stars born in turbulent clouds may be narrowly peaked around a mass of order 10 solar masses, as long as the column density of such clouds is not much in excess of 10^22 cm^-2.
description: Accepted for ApJ
Bloch-Landau-Zener dynamics induced by a synthetic field in a photonic quantum walk
Creators: name: D'Errico, Alessio
name: Barboza, Raouf
name: Tudor, Rebeca
name: Dauphin, Alexandre
name: Massignan, Pietro
name: Marrucci, Lorenzo
name: Cardano, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum walks are processes that model dynamics in coherent systems. Their experimental implementations proved key to unveil novel phenomena in Floquet topological insulators. Here we realize a photonic quantum walk in the presence of a synthetic gauge field, which mimics the action of an electric field on a charged particle. By tuning the energy gaps between the two quasi-energy bands, we investigate intriguing system dynamics characterized by the interplay between Bloch oscillations and Landau-Zener transitions. When both gaps at quasi-energy values 0 and $π$ are vanishingly small, the Floquet dynamics follows a ballistic spreading.
Constraining the magnetic field properties of Bok globule B335 using SOFIA/HAWC+
Creators: name: Zielinski, Niko
name: Wolf, Sebastian
name: Brunngräber, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to their well-defined shape and mostly isolated locations, Bok globules are suitable objects for studying the physics of low-mass star formation. To study the magnetic field of the prototypical Bok globule B335, we obtained a spatially resolved polarization map with SOFIA/HAWC+ at a wavelength of 214$\,μ$m. For the first time, these observations reveal that polarization holes in Bok globules, that is, the decrease in polarization degree towards their dense centers, also occur in the far-infrared wavelength regime. The observed polarization pattern is uniform with a mean polarization angle of 48$^\circ\pm $26$^\circ$ and a magnetic field strength of $\sim$ 142$\,μ$G. Moreover, we use complementary polarimetic data for B335 obtained at near-infrared to millimeter wavelengths to analyze and constrain the magnetic field across different scales. By applying the 3D Monte-Carlo radiative transfer code POLARIS (Reissl et al. 2016), we developed a model for the density and magnetic field structure as well as for the dust properties of this globule. We conclude that the column density towards the center of B335 is too low to cause the observed polarization hole in B335 via dichroic absorption (Brauer et al. 2016). Furthermore, we conclude that the effect of self-scattering has no significant impact on the observed polarization. Adopting dust-grain alignment via the radiative torque mechanism, a combination of the interstellar radiation field and the central star as radiation sources is consistent with the decrease in polarization degree at the outer regions of B335 ($\approx\,$10$^4\,$au from the core). However, the model fails to explain the low polarization degree within the inner 5000 au.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 11 pages, 10 figures
The fountainhead of the river of time
Creators: name: Van Wijk, Brendan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The brute sensation that time passes, or flows, is a compelling feature of our daily experience. We have a sense that there is a "moving now" that glides inexorably into the future, a sense so strong and basic that only a philosopher is likely to question whether what is given in our experience of time is best understood as anything akin to motion. However, questions of this kind are not without motivation. The prevailing philosophical and scientific conceptions of time are of structures in which the notion of objective "passage", or "becoming", has no obvious place. The phenomenology of time, and the metaphysics of time, are in apparent conflict. Why should time seem to flow, i f indeed static models of time are the closest approximations we have of the truth? Attempts to resolve this conflict in the literature to date have been few and preliminary. It is possible, however, to reconcile the apparent flow of time with an objective model in which the notion of passage is entirely neglected. Firstly, an examination of an idealized structure, the experience-at-a-time, leads to its characterization as a single, enduring set of temporally-related phenomena, whose varying locations are instants of time. The change of this set's position within our scheme of temporal representation as a function of time is perceived as motion, of sorts. Secondly, an examination of certain very basic factors that contribute to the long-term success of a population of biological organisms, as dictated by selection pressures within an environment in which certain key processes are de facto irreversible, provides an explanation of why it is that the "now" should be perceived to move into the future, and not into the past. Combining the results of these examinations yields an account of time's peculiar phenomenological character, in a world in which time is most conveniently treated as a static structure.
Excitability in a nonlinear magnetoacoustic resonator
Creators: name: Sanchez-Morcillo, Victor J.
name: Redondo, J.
name: Martinez-Mora, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a nonlinear acoustic system displaying excitability. The considered system is a magnetostrictive material where acoustic waves are parametrically generated. For a set of parameters, the system presents homoclinic and heteroclinic dynamics, whose boundaries define a excitability domain. The excitable behaviour is characterized by analyzing the response of the system to different external stimuli. Single spiking and bursting regimes have been identified.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
CP asymmetries of ${\overline B}\to X_s/X_dγ$ in models with three Higgs doublets
Creators: name: Akeroyd, A. G.
name: Moretti, Stefano
name: Shindou, Tetsuo
name: Song, Muyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct CP asymmetries (${\cal A}_{CP}$) in the inclusive decays of ${\overline B}\to X_sγ$ and ${\overline B}\to X_{s+d}γ$ of the order of $1\%$ will be probed at the BELLE II experiment. In this work, three such asymmetries are studied in the context of a three-Higgs-doublet model (3HDM), and it is shown that all three ${\cal A}_{CP}$ can be as large as the current experimental limits. Of particular interest is ${\cal A}_{CP}$ for ${\overline B}\to X_{s+d}γ$, which is predicted to be effectively zero in the Standard Model (SM). A measurement of $2.5\%$ or more for this observable with the full BELLE II data would give $5σ$ evidence for physics beyond the SM. We display parameter space in the 3HDM for which such a clear signal is possible.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures
Two-Loop Scalar Kinks
Creators: name: Evslin, Jarah
name: Guo, Hengyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At one loop, quantum kinks are described by a sum of quantum harmonic oscillator Hamiltonians, and the ground state is just the product of the oscillator ground states. Two-loop kink masses are only known in integrable and supersymmetric cases and two-loop states have never been found. We find the two-loop kink mass and explicitly construct the two-loop kink ground state in a scalar field theory with an arbitrary nonderivative potential. We use a coherent state operator which maps the vacuum sector to the kink sector, allowing all states to be treated with a single Hamiltonian which needs to be renormalized only once, eliminating the need for regulator matching conditions. Our calculation is greatly simplified by a recently introduced alternative to collective coordinates, in which the kink momentum is fixed perturbatively.
description: 26+14 pages, 5 PDF figures, v2 typo fixed
Interstellar cloud structure: The statistics of centroid velocities
Creators: name: Ossenkopf, V.
name: Esquivel, A.
name: Lazarian, A.
name: Stutzki, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The investigation of the statistical properties of maps of line centroids has been used for almost 50 years, but there is still no general agreement on their interpretation. We try to quantify which properties of underlying turbulent velocity fields can be derived from centroid velocity maps, and we test conditions under which the scaling behaviour of the centroid velocities matches the scaling of the three-dimensional velocity field. Using fractal cloud models we study systematically the relation between three-dimensional density and velocity fields and the statistical properties of the produced line centroid maps. We put special attention to cases with large density fluctuations resembling supersonic interstellar turbulence. Starting from the Delta-variance analysis we derive a new tool to compute the scaling behaviour of the three-dimensional velocity field from observed intensity and centroid velocity maps. We provide two criteria to decide whether the information from the centroid velocities directly reflects the properties of the underlying velocity field. Applying these criteria allows to understand the different results found so far in the literature on the interpretation of the statistics of velocity centroids. A new iteration scheme can be used to derive the three-dimensional velocity scaling from centroid velocity maps for arbitrary density and velocity fields, but it requires an accurate knowledge of the average density of the considered interstellar cloud.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
The evolution of plasticity in the neuroscientific literature during the second half of the twentieth century to the presence
Creators: name: Akbaritabar, Aliakbar
name: Rubin, Beatrix P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: In the neurosciences, concepts play an important role in the conception and direction of research. Among the theoretical notions and direction of research, plasticity stands out because of the multiple ways in which scientists use it to describe and interpret how the nervous system changes and adapts to different requirements. The occurrence of different conceptualizations of plasticity in the scientific literature during the second half of the twentieth century and up to the present was investigated using bibliometric methods. Throughout the period analyzed, synaptic plasticity has remained the dominant conceptualization of plasticity. However, scientists have continued to introduce novel plasticity concepts reflecting the scientific advances they have made in understanding the dynamic nature of the nervous system. The conceptual evolution of plasticity documents that the view of the adult nervous system as immutable has been replaced by an understanding of the nervous system as capable of lifelong change and adaptation.
Quantum Thermodynamic Cycles and quantum heat engines
Creators: name: Quan, H. T.
name: Liu, Yu-xi
name: Sun, C. P.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to describe quantum heat engines, here we systematically study isothermal and isochoric processes for quantum thermodynamic cycles. Based on these results the quantum versions of both the Carnot heat engine and the Otto heat engine are defined without ambiguities. We also study the properties of quantum Carnot and Otto heat engines in comparison with their classical counterparts. Relations and mappings between these two quantum heat engines are also investigated by considering their respective quantum thermodynamic processes. In addition, we discuss the role of Maxwell's demon in quantum thermodynamic cycles. We find that there is no violation of the second law, even in the existence of such a demon, when the demon is included correctly as part of the working substance of the heat engine.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
Galaxy Bulges As Tests of CDM vs MOND in Strong Gravity
Creators: name: Zhao, HongSheng
name: Xu, Bing-Xiao
name: Dobbs, Clare
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tight correlation between galaxy bulges and their central black hole masses likely emerges in a phase of rapid collapse and starburst at high redshift, due to the balance of gravity on gas with the feedback force from starbursts and the wind from the black hole; the average gravity on per unit mass of gas is ~ 2 x 10^-10 m/sec^2 during the star burst phase. This level of gravity could come from the real r^{-1} cusps of Cold Dark Matter (CDM) halos, but the predicted gravity would have a large scatter due to dependence on cosmological parameters and formation histories. Better agreement is found with the gravity from the scalar field in some co-variant versions of MOND, which can create the mirage of a Newtonian effective dark halo of density Pi r^{-1} near the center, where the characteristic surface density Pi=130alpha^{-1} Msun pc^{-2} and alpha is a fundamental constant of order unity fixed by the Lagrangian of the co-variant theory if neglecting environmental effects. We show with a toy analytical model and a hydrodynamical simulation that a constant background gravity due to MOND/TeVeS scalar field implies a critical pressure synchronizing starbursts and the formation of galaxy bulges and ellipticals. A universal threshold for the formation of the brightest regions of galaxies in a MONDian universe suggests that the central BHs, bulges and ellipticals would respect tight correlations like the M_{bulge}-M_{BH}-sigma relations. In general MOND tends to produce tight correlations in galaxy properties because its effective halo has less freedom and scatter than CDM halos.
description: 30p, 6 figs, expanded. Accpeted for ApJ
The Infrared Medium-deep Survey. VIII. Quasar Luminosity Function at $z\sim5$
Creators: name: Kim, Yongjung
name: Im, Myungshin
name: Jeon, Yiseul
name: Kim, Minjin
name: Pak, Soojong
name: Hyun, Minhee
name: Taak, Yoon Chan
name: Shin, Suhyun
name: Lim, Gu
name: Paek, Gregory S. H.
name: Paek, insu
name: Jiang, Linhua
name: Choi, Changsu
name: Hong, Jueun
name: Ji, Tae-Geun
name: Jun, Hyunsung D.
name: Karouzos, Marios
name: Kim, Dohyeong
name: Kim, Duho
name: Kim, Jae-woo
name: Kim, Ji Hoon
name: Lee, Hye-in
name: Lee, Seong-Kook
name: Park, Won-Kee
name: Yoon, Yongmin
name: Byeon, Seoyeon
name: Hwang, Sungyong
name: Kim, Joonho
name: Kim, Sophia
name: Park, Woojin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Faint $z\sim5$ quasars with $M_{1450}\sim-23$ mag are known to be the potentially important contributors to the ultraviolet ionizing background in the post-reionization era. However, their number density has not been well determined, making it difficult to assess their role in the early ionization of the intergalactic medium (IGM). In this work, we present the updated results of our $z\sim5$ quasar survey using the Infrared Medium-deep Survey (IMS), a near-infrared imaging survey covering an area of 85 deg$^{2}$. From our spectroscopic observations with the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS) on the Gemini-South 8 m Telescope, we discovered eight new quasars at $z\sim5$ with $-26.1\leq M_{1450} \leq -23.3$. Combining our IMS faint quasars ($M_{1450}>-27$ mag) with the brighter Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) quasars ($M_{1450}
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Relevant components in critical random Boolean networks
Creators: name: Kaufman, V.
name: Drossel, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Random Boolean networks were introduced in 1969 by Kauffman as a model for gene regulation. By combining analytical arguments and efficient numerical simulations, we evaluate the properties of relevant components of critical random Boolean networks independently of update scheme. As known from previous work, the number of relevant components grows logarithmically with network size. We find that in most networks all relevant nodes with more than one relevant input sit in the same component, while all other relevant components are simple loops. As the proportion of nonfrozen nodes with two relevant inputs increases, the number of relevant components decreases and the size and complexity of the largest complex component grows. We evaluate the probability distribution of different types of complex components in an ensemble of networks and confirm that it becomes independent of network size in the limit of large network size. In this limit, we determine analytically the frequencies of occurence of complex components with different topologies.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
What Chinese-Canadians perceive as appropriate care for their dying family members : a phenomenological study
Creators: name: Tang, Sannie Y.S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This phenomenological study describes what Chinese-Canadians perceived as appropriate care for their dying family members. The unstructured interview was the method for data collection. Nine Chinese-Canadians who had a dying family member were interviewed. Data were analyzed using procedures adopted from Colaizzi's (1978) method. Three themes were conceptualized from what Chinese-Canadians perceived as appropriate terminal care: attentiveness, responsiveness, protectiveness. Attentiveness was the description of Chinese families' perception that their dying family members required 24-hour attention and care for the satisfaction of their needs and for their comfort. In order to make the patient feel cared for, however, attentive care had to be delivered in a way that indicated caring to the patient. Responsiveness was the description of Chinese families' expectation for prompt and knowledge-based responses to the patient's physical problems. The Chinese families perceived that responsive care from health professionals could relieve the patient's suffering and maintain physical comfort in the patient. Protectiveness was the description of Chinese families' desire to protect the patient from emotional pain and/or from physical deterioration by maintaining silence around the issue of death, and/or by maintaining hope in the patient. Attentiveness, responsiveness, and protectiveness were culturally constructed themes of appropriate terminal care, and their meanings had to be understood within the cultural context. Cultural meanings had significant influence on the way families reacted to and managed terminal illness. Moreover, the families' experiences of providing terminal care, and the health care decisions that they made for the patient were shaped by complex social, political and economic factors. The illness experiences of terminally ill Chinese patients were embedded inextricably within a complex familial, social and cultural nexus.
The Differential Regulation of Adult Neural Stem Cells by Beclin1 and Atg5
Creators: name: Kalinina, Alena
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: adult neurogenesis
adult neural stem cells
scRNA-seq
transcriptomics
proliferation
mitosis

description: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is orchestrated by neural stem cell (NSC) activity. Some associations exist between autophagy and neurogenesis, yet much remains unknown about autophagic regulation of adult neurogenesis. This thesis interrogates the requirement and role of Beclin1 and Atg5, two regulators of autophagy, in the formation of adult hippocampal neurons. To examine adult brain NSCs, the experiments presented in the first objective of this thesis test the ability to isolate adult NSCs using flow cytometry and a DNA-binding dye, DyeCycleViolet. While adult NSCs could not be isolated from the adult neurogenic niches using this methodology, it was effective in isolating endothelial cells. This provided valuable insight on the use of DNA-binding dyes and a new method for isolation of brain endothelial cells. The next objective determines the role of Beclin1 in adult NSCs and their progeny using an inducible model. Beclin1 loss in Nestin-expressing hippocampal NSCs resulted in reduced proliferation, autophagy, and adult neurogenesis within one month. Single-cell RNA sequencing and other methods illuminated that loss of Beclin1 resulted in mitosis reduction, disrupted mitotic regulation of chromatin maintenance, and induction of DNA damage. The final objective first tests whether Beclin1 loss results in similar deficits within GLAST-expressing NSCs and progeny. This model mirrored neurogenesis deficits and requirement of Beclin1 in mitosis and DNA maintenance. Next, to test whether this phenotype occurs with other autophagy proteins, Atg5 was removed from GLAST NSCs. This resulted in reduced autophagy and a transient decrease in neurons in the absence of any effect on NSC proliferation. Thus, proliferation deficits are unique to Beclin1 loss and do not underlie reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis after Atg5 removal. This work demonstrates a novel discovery of mitosis regulation in adult NSCs by Beclin1, and individual roles of Beclin1 and Atg5 in neurogenesis.
title: Notes of a Nostalgic Nigerian
Creators: name: Onwutuebe, Ucheoma
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Young Nigerians are leaving home in droves due to economic hardship. Many have found legitimate routes to the West and are settling and thriving in their chosen fields. This mass exodus is both beneficial and unsettling. Beneficial in the sense that the migrant leaves as an act of love to support their families back home. Unsettling, because the homefront is destabilised by this separation, thereby rocking familial equilibriums. In these essays, I write about this tug and pull between the necessity of an exit from home and the homesickness that comes after. I also detail ways that I cope in America, the methods that keep me afloat in a strange place. Most of the coping mechanisms are fashion, dating apps, therapy, and of course, writing. In the essay on fashion, I write about how I wear myself as boldly as I can so as not to drown in a sea of anonymity. In the therapy piece, I discuss my origin and ways its memories keep me grounded and tethered to my true identity. Some of the essays are written in epistolary format: to strangers that I have met on my way, who leave remarkable impressions and make me see ways I negotiate my existence in the world as a migrant and also as a woman. Another letter is addressed to family members, where I relay my American experience. This is overall a work of nostalgia, an anchor cast between a new country and an older country that is truly my home.
DualLip: A System for Joint Lip Reading and Generation
Creators: name: Chen, Weicong
name: Tan, Xu
name: Xia, Yingce
name: Qin, Tao
name: Wang, Yu
name: Liu, Tie-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Lip reading aims to recognize text from talking lip, while lip generation aims to synthesize talking lip according to text, which is a key component in talking face generation and is a dual task of lip reading. In this paper, we develop DualLip, a system that jointly improves lip reading and generation by leveraging the task duality and using unlabeled text and lip video data. The key ideas of the DualLip include: 1) Generate lip video from unlabeled text with a lip generation model, and use the pseudo pairs to improve lip reading; 2) Generate text from unlabeled lip video with a lip reading model, and use the pseudo pairs to improve lip generation. We further extend DualLip to talking face generation with two additionally introduced components: lip to face generation and text to speech generation. Experiments on GRID and TCD-TIMIT demonstrate the effectiveness of DualLip on improving lip reading, lip generation, and talking face generation by utilizing unlabeled data. Specifically, the lip generation model in our DualLip system trained with only10% paired data surpasses the performance of that trained with the whole paired data. And on the GRID benchmark of lip reading, we achieve 1.16% character error rate and 2.71% word error rate, outperforming the state-of-the-art models using the same amount of paired data.
description: Accepted by ACM Multimedia 2020
An analytical approximation scheme to two point boundary value problems of ordinary differential equations
Creators: name: Boisseau, Bruno
name: Forgacs, Peter
name: Giacomini, Hector
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new (algebraic) approximation scheme to find {\sl global} solutions of two point boundary value problems of ordinary differential equations (ODE's) is presented. The method is applicable for both linear and nonlinear (coupled) ODE's whose solutions are analytic near one of the boundary points. It is based on replacing the original ODE's by a sequence of auxiliary first order polynomial ODE's with constant coefficients. The coefficients in the auxiliary ODE's are uniquely determined from the local behaviour of the solution in the neighbourhood of one of the boundary points. To obtain the parameters of the global (connecting) solutions analytic at one of the boundary points, reduces to find the appropriate zeros of algebraic equations. The power of the method is illustrated by computing the approximate values of the ``connecting parameters'' for a number of nonlinear ODE's arising in various problems in field theory. We treat in particular the static and rotationally symmetric global vortex, the skyrmion, the Nielsen-Olesen vortex, as well as the 't Hooft-Polyakov magnetic monopole. The total energy of the skyrmion and of the monopole is also computed by the new method. We also consider some ODE's coming from the exact renormalization group. The ground state energy level of the anharmonic oscillator is also computed for arbitrary coupling strengths with good precision.
description: 5 pages, 3 tables, Latex
Monitoring AGNs with Hβ Asymmetry. II. Reverberation Mapping of Three Seyfert Galaxies Historically Displaying Hβ Profiles with Changing Asymmetry: Mrk 79, NGC 3227, and Mrk 841
Creators: name: Brotherton, Michael S.
name: Du, Pu
name: Xiao, Ming
name: Bao, Dong-Wei
name: Zhao, Bixuan
name: McLane, Jacob N.
name: Olson, Kianna A.
name: Wang, Kai
name: Huang, Zheng-Peng
name: Hu, Chen
name: Kasper, David H.
name: Chick, William T.
name: Nguyen, My L.
name: Maithil, Jaya
name: Hand, Derek
name: Li, Yan-Rong
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Bai, Jin-Ming
name: Bian, Wei-Hao
name: Wang, Jian-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of reverberation mapping three bright Seyfert galaxies, Mrk 79, NGC 3227, and Mrk 841, from a campaign conducted from December 2016 to May 2017 with the Wyoming Infrared Observatory (WIRO) 2.3-meter telescope. All three of these targets have shown asymmetric broad H$β$ emission lines in the past, although their emission lines were relatively symmetric during our observations. We measured Hβ time lags for all three targets and estimated masses of their black holes -- for the first time in the case of Mrk 841. For Mrk 79 and NGC 3227, the data are of sufficient quality to resolve distinct time lags as a function of velocity and to compute two-dimensional velocity-delay maps. Mrk 79 shows smaller time lags for high-velocity gas but the distribution is not symmetric, and its complex velocity-delay map could result from the combination of both inflowing and outflowing Hβ emitting disks that may be part of a single larger structure. NGC 3227 shows the largest time lags for blueshifted gas and the two-dimensional velocity-delay map suggests a disk with some inflow. We compare our results with previous work and find evidence for different time lags despite similar luminosities, as well as evolving broad line region structures.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables (table 3 is machine-readable and may be found in the source files as table3.txt), accepted by ApJ
Two Non-holonomic Lattice Walks in the Quarter Plane
Creators: name: Mishna, Marni
name: Rechnitzer, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15

description: We present two classes of random walks restricted to the quarter plane whose generating function is not holonomic. The non-holonomy is established using the iterated kernel method, a recent variant of the kernel method. This adds evidence to a recent conjecture on combinatorial properties of walks with holonomic generating functions. The method also yields an asymptotic expression for the number of walks of length n.
Analisis Neraca Air Lahan Pada Curah Hujan Normal Untuk Perencanaan Pola Tanam di kecamatan Tenggarong-Kabupaten Kutai
Creators: name: Sujalu, Akas Pinaringan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003

description: A study on crop pattern planning based on the result on potency of the length of growing season  has been carried out for the purposes of setting the cropping patern of rice and the dry season's crop (palawija) for Kecamatan Tenggarong, Kabupaten Kutai kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur. The study was based on the water balanced analisys using of Book keeping methods of the normal rainy season calculating the soil water availability and water surplus. Monthly water balance show the kecamatan tenggarong has 8 months water surplus (December-July and October) resulted the cumulative rain of 226 mm/year and water deficit periode 4 months resulted the cumulative of 27 mm/year
Clinical nurse specialists define advanced nursing practice and describe their practice in relation to client health outcomes
Creators: name: Cox, Katherine Margaret
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Advanced nursing practice (ANP) is a term well utilized in the literature and in nursing discussions, yet is not clearly understood. Recently, nursing authors have been strongly supporting the need to develop a clear definition of ANP. The current focus on outcome measures throughout health care has prompted efforts to examine discipline specific, as well as broad influences on client health outcomes (CHO). The need for nurses in ANP to be able to articulate their practice in relation to CHO has been heightened during the last few years. This is due to factors such as the examination of various nursing roles during times of decreasing health care resources inherent in health reform. The purpose of this study was to explore and describe how Clinical Nurse Specialists (CNSs) define ANP and describe their practice in relation to CHO. An exploratory- descriptive qualitative methodology was used for this study. Data were collected through semi-structured, audio-taped interviews with 6 female and 1 male CNSs who had a master's degree and had been in their role for a mean of 6.3 years. From the thematic analysis of the data, three broad categories or descriptors that were common to participants were identified and developed. Together these three broad categories represent participant attempts to define ANP and describe their practice in relation to CHO. The first category relates to difficulties in clearly defining ANP. The second category relates to descriptors of ANP. The third category relates to possible relationship between ANP and CHO. These findings revealed that ANP is a term that is broad and vague in nature and not amenable to a clear and concise definition. Furthermore, it was found that it may not be possible to articulate a direct relationship between ANP and CHO in an interdisciplinary collaborative practice environment. The implications for graduate education, policy and administration as well as research are identified in light of research findings.
Giant AGN Flares and Cosmic Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Farrar, Glennys R.
name: Gruzinov, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a new class of very intense, short-duration AGN flares capable of accelerating the highest energy cosmic rays, resulting from the tidal disruption of a star or from a disk instability. The rate and power of these flares readily explains the observed flux and density statistics of UHECRs. The photon bursts produced by the predicted AGN flares are discussed; they may soon be detectable. Observations are shown to exclude that continuous jets of powerful Active Galactic Nuclei are the sole source of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays; the stringent requirements for Gamma Ray Bursts to be the source are delineated.
description: Obtained a more constraining prediction for photon counterparts of the predicted AGN flares, elaborated the discussion of AGN luminosity associated with UHECR acceleration, and corrected minor typos
Binning is Sinning (Supernova Version): The Impact of Self-Calibration in Cosmological Analyses with Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Brout, Dillon
name: Hinton, Samuel
name: Scolnic, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent cosmological analyses (e.g., JLA, Pantheon) of Type Ia Supernova (SNIa) have propagated systematic uncertainties into a covariance matrix and either binned or smoothed the systematic vectors in redshift space. We demonstrate that systematic error budgets of these analyses can be improved by a factor of $\sim1.5\times$ with the use of unbinned and unsmoothed covariance matrices. To understand this, we employ a separate approach that simultaneously fits for cosmological parameters and additional self-calibrating scale parameters that constrain the size of each systematic. We show that the covariance-matrix approach and scale-parameter approach yield equivalent results, implying that in both cases the data can self-calibrate certain systematic uncertainties, but that this ability is hindered when information is binned or smoothed in redshift space. We review the top systematic uncertainties in current analyses and find that the reduction of systematic uncertainties in the unbinned case depends on whether a systematic is consistent with varying the cosmological model and whether or not the systematic can be described by additional correlations between SN properties and luminosity. Furthermore, we show that the power of self-calibration increases with the size of the dataset, which presents a tremendous opportunity for upcoming analyses of photometrically classified samples, like those of Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) and the Nancy Grace Roman Telescope (NGRST). However, to take advantage of self-calibration in large, photometrically-classified samples, we must first address the issue that binning is required in currently-used photometric methodologies.
description: 13 Pages, 5 Figures, 2 Tables
Non-stoichiometric amorphous magnesium-iron silicates in circumstellar dust shells. Dust growth in outflows from supergiants
Creators: name: Gail, Hans-Peter
name: Tamanai, Akemi
name: Pucci, Annemarie
name: Dohmen, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dust growth in oxygen-rich stellar outflows for a set of nine well-observed massive supergiants with optically thin dust shells. Models of the infrared emission from their circumstellar dust shells are compared to their observed infrared spectra so as to derive the essential parameters that govern dust formation in the extended envelope of these stars. The results obtained from the comparative study are also compared with the predictions of a model for silicate dust condensation solely based on laboratory data and basic stellar properties. The infrared emission in the wavelength range between 6 and 25 mu can be reproduced rather well by a mixture of non-stoichiometric iron-bearing silicates, alumina, and metallic iron dust particles for all nine objects. The observed spectra obtained from three objects, mu Cep, RW Cyg, and RS Per, can be reproduced by a stationary and (essentially) spherically symmetric outflow which enables a direct comparison with predictions from a theoretical dust growth model. The temperature at the onset of massive silicate dust growth is of the order of 920 K and the corresponding outflow velocity of the order of the sound velocity for these objects. The condensation temperature suggests that the silicate dust grows on the corundum dust grains that are formed well in the interior of the silicate dust shell at a much higher temperature. Our results propose that regarding the two major problems of dust formation in stellar outflows: (i) formation of seed nuclei; (ii) their growth to macroscopic dust grains, we are gradually coming close to a quantitative understanding of the second item.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Counterexamples of Strichartz Inequalities for Schrodinger Equations with Repulsive Potentials
Creators: name: Goldberg, Michael
name: Vega, Luis
name: Visciglia, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40

description: In each dimension n >= 2, we construct a class of nonnegative potentials that are homogeneous of order -sigma, chosen from the range 0 < sigma < 2, and for which the perturbed Schrodinger equation does not satisfy global in time Strichartz estimates.
description: 13 pages. Corrected typo in arXiv abstract. No changes to paper itself