cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic Confirmation of Three Redshift 5.7 Lyman-alpha Emitters from the Large Area Lyman Alpha Survey
Creators: name: Rhoads, James E.
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Malhotra, Sangeeta
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Spinrad, Hyron
name: Jannuzi, Buell T.
name: Dawson, Steve
name: Brown, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Narrow-band searches for Lyman alpha emission are an efficient way of identifying star-forming galaxies at high redshifts. We present Keck telescope spectra confirming redshifts z = 5.7 for three objects discovered in the Large Area Lyman Alpha (LALA) survey at Kitt Peak National Observatory. All three spectra show strong, narrow emission lines with the asymmetric profile that is characteristically produced in high redshift Lyman alpha emitters by preferential HI absorption in the blue wing of the line. These objects are undetected in deep Bw, V, R, and 6600A narrow-band images from the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey and from LALA, as expected from Lyman break and Lyman alpha forest absorption at redshift z = 5.7. All three objects show large equivalent widths (>= 150A in the rest-frame), suggesting at least one of the following: a top-heavy initial mass function, very low stellar metallicity, or the presence of an active nucleus. We consider the case for an active nucleus to be weak in all three objects due to the limited width of the Lyman alpha emission line (< 500 km/s) and the absence of any other indicator of quasar activity. The three confirmed high redshift objects were among four spectroscopically observed targets drawn from the sample of 18 candidates presented by Rhoads and Malhotra (2001). Thus, these spectra support the Lyman alpha emitter population statistics from our earlier photometric study, which imply little evolution in number density from z=5.7 to z=4.5 and provide strong evidence that the reionization redshift is greater than 5.7.
description: Submitted to AJ, June 2002. 15 pages, AASTeX
Agricultural Productivity in Argentina
Creators: name: Saini, Eugenia
name: Lema, Daniel
name: Saini, Eugenia
name: Lema, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Q16
subject: D24
subject: Q18

description: The main objective of this paper is to estimate the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth in the Argentine agricultural sector. First, the paper examines trends and changes in aggregate agricultural production, sources of growth and productivity over the period 1913-2010. It then analyzes the productivity growth in the two main subsectors in argentine agriculture, grains and livestock, for the period 1961-2010. TFP was calculated using the Törnqvist index, which is a discrete approximation to the Divisia index. The data used to estimate the output and input indexes are prices and quantities for 4 grain crops, livestock, and for four inputs —labor, land, capital and fertilizers. The results for aggregate agricultural sector show that the annual rate of annual for the period 1913-2010 was 1.8% and 0.3%, for products and inputs respectively. Therefore, the TFP grew at an average annual rate of 1.5%. Finally, the paper examines the dominant growth profile, either extensive (factor accumulation and utilization) or intensive (productivity gains), in particular during the last two decades, in the grain and livestock subsectors.
The Zakharov-Shabat spectral problem on the semi-line: Hilbert formulation and applications
Creators: name: Leon, J.
name: Spire, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inverse spectral transform for the Zakharov-Shabat equation on the semi-line is reconsidered as a Hilbert problem. The boundary data induce an essential singularity at large k to one of the basic solutions. Then solving the inverse problem means solving a Hilbert problem with particular prescribed behavior. It is demonstrated that the direct and inverse problems are solved in a consistent way as soon as the spectral transform vanishes with 1/k at infinity in the whole upper half plane (where it may possess single poles) and is continuous and bounded on the real k-axis. The method is applied to stimulated Raman scattering and sine-Gordon (light cone) for which it is demonstrated that time evolution conserves the properties of the spectral transform.
description: LaTex file, 1 figure, submitted to J. Phys. A
Using R for Agricultural Economics Research
Creators: name: Henningsen, Arne
name: Henningsen, Arne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The participants of this pre-conference workshop will learn to conduct various econometric analyses with R. In order to achieve this, the workshop will mostly consist of practical exercises. The workshop will be divided into two parts. The first part will give an introduction to R with special emphasis on applications in agricultural economics and applied microeconometrics. This part of the workshop will be designed for participants who have no or only little experience with R. The second part of the workshop will be designed for participants who have at least a little experience in R, e.g. obtained in the first part of the workshop. The participants will learn to prepare and aggregate data; estimate production functions using OLS and panel data methods and calculate elasticities based on the estimation results; conduct efficiency analysis using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA); and use nonparametric kernel regression.
All-Multiplicity Non-Planar MHV Amplitudes in sYM at Two Loops
Creators: name: Bourjaily, Jacob L.
name: Herrmann, Enrico
name: Langer, Cameron
name: McLeod, Andrew J.
name: Trnka, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a closed-form, prescriptive representation of all-multiplicity two-loop MHV amplitude integrands in fully-color-dressed (non-planar) maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
description: Corrected a sign mistake for the pentabox numerators (table IV). Minor improvements and references added in v2. 4+3 pages, 22 figures, 4 tables, infinity of new amplitudes. Ancillary files contain a Mathematica implementation of our result
Microscopic precursors of failure in soft matter
Creators: name: Cipelletti, Luca
name: Martens, Kirsten
name: Ramos, Laurence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanical properties of soft matter are of great importance in countless applications, in addition of being an active field of academic research. Given the relative ease with which soft materials can be deformed, their non-linear behavior is of particular relevance. Large loads eventually result in material failure. In this Perspective article, we discuss recent work aiming at detecting precursors of failure by scrutinizing the microscopic structure and dynamics of soft systems under various conditions of loading. In particular, we show that the microscopic dynamics is a powerful indicator of the ultimate fate of soft materials, capable of unveiling precursors of failure up to thousands of seconds before any macroscopic sign of weakening.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Climate Change and Adaptive Strategies in Brazil: the economic effects of genetic breeding
Creators: name: Pires, Marcel Viana
name: Cunha, Dênis Antônio Da
name: Pires, Marcel Viana
name: Cunha, Dênis Antônio Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Climate change
subject: adaptation
subject: breeding
subject: seeds
subject: drought
subject: heat.

description: página Climate Change and Adaptive Strategies in Brazil: the economic effects of genetic breeding 1 Marcel Viana Pires 2 and Dênis Antônio da Cunha 3 Abstract: Plant breeding through the development of seeds resistant to water stress or high temperature is an important adaptive strategy to cope climate change. In this way, by providing an analysis of adaptation to climate change using genetic breeding on Brazilian farms, this work aims to investigate how climate change will affect the adoption of genetic breeding and profitability of farmers. Temperature and rainfall projections for 2010-2099 time periods were used, considering different climate scenarios (A1B and A2), according to the 4 th Assessment Report of IPCC (2007). A Treatment Effects model outlines the analytical framework in this study. Our results indicate the probability of adopting transgenic seeds will grow from 74% in the current period to 86% in 2020, 83% in 2050, and 81% in 2080. Farmers adopting this adaptation strategy will have higher profits. Land value tends to be higher in both climate scenarios in counties with cultivated areas using transgenic seeds. Farmers adopting this adaptation measure will be less exposed to adverse effects of climate change. We conclude that it is necessary to invest in adaptation strategies so that Brazil can overcome adverse effects of global climate change.
THE EUROPEAN UNION'S RESPONSE TO THE DIGITAL DIVIDE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY: An early study on EU's policymaking towards an all-inclusive Information Society
Creators: name: Lagoudi, Athanasia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: EU, digital policy-making, digital divide, ICTs, Information Society

description: This chapter is part of my MPhil dissertation, firstly, takes a look at the international context of the digital divide and then turns to EU policies at the time of the field research (1990-2004). The chapter then presents an overview of regulation of the telecommunications, audio-visual and digital broadcasting sectors. It introduces to the reader the key organising concepts behind the stimulation and regulation of the digital sector. Then a short historical overview is given. Finally the initiatives of the Information Society DG and e-Europe are examined; special attention is devoted to European policies, which aim to bridge the digital divide in the sectors of e-Economy, e-Education and e- Government in the early 2000.
The Origin of Degeneracies and Crossings in the 1d Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Yuzbashyan, E. A.
name: Altshuler, B. L.
name: Shastry, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper is devoted to the connection between integrability of a finite quantum system and degeneracies of its energy levels. In particular, we analyze in detail the energy spectra of finite Hubbard chains. Heilmann and Lieb demonstrated that in these systems there are crossings of levels of the same parameter independent symmetry. We show that this apparent violation of the Wigner-von Neumann noncrossing rule follows directly from the existence of nontrivial conservation laws and is a characteristic signature of quantum integrability. The energy spectra of Hubbard chains display many instances of permanent (at all values of the coupling) twofold degeneracies that cannot be explained by parameter independent symmetries. We relate these degeneracies to the different transformation properties of the conserved currents under spatial reflections and the particle-hole transformation and estimate the fraction of doubly degenerate states. We also discuss multiply degenerate eigenstates of the Hubbard Hamiltonian. The wave functions of many of these states do not depend on the coupling, which suggests the existence of an additional parameter independent symmetry.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
MOESM4 of Highly efficient lipid production in the green alga Parachlorella kessleri: draft genome and transcriptome endorsed by whole-cell 3D ultrastructure
Creators: name: Ota, Shuhei
name: Kenshiro Oshima
name: Yamazaki, Tomokazu
name: Sangwan Kim
name: Yu, Zhe
name: Yoshihara, Mai
name: Takeda, Kohei
name: Takeshita, Tsuyoshi
name: Hirata, Aiko
name: Kateřina Bišová
name: Zachleder, Vilém
name: Masahira Hattori
name: Kawano, Shigeyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8: Table S2. Recipe of TAP medium. Table S3. Recipe of dSTAP medium.
A Machian Model of Dark Energy
Creators: name: Vishwakarma, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein believed that Mach's principle should play a major role in finding a meaningful spacetime geometry, though it was discovered later that his field equations gave some solutions which were not Machian. It is shown, in this essay, that the kinematical $Λ$ models, which are invoked to solve the cosmological constant problem, are in fact consistent with Mach's ideas. One particular model in this category is described which results from the microstructure of spacetime and seems to explain the current observations successfully and also has some benefits over the conventional models. This forces one to think whether the Mach's ideas and the cosmological constant are interrelated in some way.
description: Received an Honorable mention in the Essay Contest-2002 sponsored by the Gravity Research Foundation; A paragraph added on how the model can explain the CMB anisotropy observations; To appear in the Classical and Quantum Gravity
Osbornellus bartletti Dominguez & Godoy 2010, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Domínguez, Edwin
name: Godoy, Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Osbornellus
Osbornellus bartletti

description: Osbornellus bartletti Domínguez & Godoy, sp. nov.
(Figs. 23a–23e)
 Description. Length: 5.0 mm. Member of the O. auronitens group (Figs. 1a). General description as in O. eberhardi.
 Male genitalia: Pygofer less than twice as long as wide, moderately projected posteriorly, with medium sized macrosetae dispersed along posterior third (Fig. 23a). Valve square. Plate long, rounded at apex, with plumose setae (Fig. 23b). Style with apophysis short, truncate but sharply pointed on one side (Fig. 23c). Aedeagus in ventral view wide at base and rounded at edge; shaft with apex truncate, shorter than ventral processes (Fig. 23d). Ventral processes straight, parallel sided, slightly separated, tapered at tips. Shaft in lateral view curved dorsad; dorsal projection, short, straight, truncate. Gonopore apical. Ventral processes slender, tapered, curved dorsad then caudad near apices; quite close to shaft, then separating (Fig. 23e).
 Diagnosis. O. bartletti is similar to O. seudopuniceus externally but in lateral view the aedeagal shaft is more curved and shorter than the ventral processes. In O. seudopuniceus the aedeagus is only slightly curved.
 Distribution. Known only from Costa Rica; 1210 m.
 Etymology. This species is named for Charles R. Bartlett in recognition of his loan of specimens.
 Type material: Holotype, male, COSTA RICA: San José, Estación Santa Elena, Las Nubes, 1210 m, 13- 16-VII-1996, M. Segura (INBio).
description: Published as part of Domínguez, Edwin & Godoy, Carolina, 2010, Taxonomic review of the genus Osbornellus Ball (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Central America 2702, pp. 1-106 in Zootaxa 2702 on pages 27-30
Accessing the axion via compact object binaries
Creators: name: Kavic, Michael
name: Liebling, Steven L.
name: Lippert, Matthew
name: Simonetti, John H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes in binaries with other compact objects can provide natural venues for indirect detection of axions or other ultralight fields. The superradiant instability associated with a rapidly spinning black hole leads to the creation of an axion cloud which carries energy and angular momentum from the black hole. This cloud will then decay via gravitational wave emission. We show that the energy lost as a result of this process tends toward an outspiraling of the binary orbit. A given binary system is sensitive to a narrow range of axion masses, determined by the mass of the black hole. Pulsar-black hole binaries, once detected in the electromagnetic band, will allow high-precision measurements of black hole mass loss via timing measurements of the companion pulsar. This avenue of investigation is particularly promising in light of the recent preliminary announcements of two candidate black hole-neutron star mergers by LIGO/VIRGO (#S190814bv and #S190426c). We demonstrate that for such a binary system with a typical millisecond pulsar and a 3-solar-mass black hole, axions with masses between $2.7 \times 10^{-12}$ eV and $3.2 \times 10^{-12}$ eV are detectable. Recent gravitational wave observations by LIGO/VIRGO of binary black hole mergers imply that, for these binaries, gravitational radiation from the rotating quadrupole moment is a dominant effect, causing an inspiraling orbit. With some reasonable assumptions about the period of the binary when it formed and the spins of the black holes, these observations rule out possible axion masses between $3 \times 10^{-13}$ eV and $6 \times 10^{-13}$ eV. Future binary black hole observations, for example by LISA, are expected to provide more robust bounds. In some circumstances, neutron stars may also undergo superradiant instabilities, and binary pulsars could be used to exclude axions with certain masses and matter couplings.
description: 15 pages; v2: minor corrections and references added; v3: published version
Tunneling Mechanism due to Chaos in a Complex Phase Space
Creators: name: Onishi, T.
name: Shudo, A.
name: Ikeda, K. S.
name: Takahashi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have revealed that the barrier-tunneling process in non-integrable systems is strongly linked to chaos in complex phase space by investigating a simple scattering map model. The semiclassical wavefunction reproduces complicated features of tunneling perfectly and it enables us to solve all the reasons why those features appear in spite of absence of chaos on the real plane. Multi-generation structure of manifolds, which is the manifestation of complex-domain homoclinic entanglement created by complexified classical dynamics, allows a symbolic coding and it is used as a guiding principle to extract dominant complex trajectories from all the semiclassical candidates.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Agricultural production and children's diets: Evidence from rural Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hirvonen, Kalle
name: Hoddinott, John
name: Hirvonen, Kalle
name: Hoddinott, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: agricultural household models
subject: child dietary diversity
subject: food markets
subject: count data

description: We study relationship between pre-school children's food consumption and household agricultural production. Using a large househod survey from rural Ethiopia, we find that increasing household production diversity leads to considerable improvements in children's diet diversity. However, we also document how this non-separability of consumption and production does not hold for households that have access to food markets. These findings imply that nutrition-sensitive agricultural interventions that push for market-integration are likely to be more effective in reducing undernutrition than those promoting production diversity.
Rigorous statistical detection and characterization of a deviation from the Gutenberg-Richter distribution above magnitude 8 in subduction zones
Creators: name: Pisarenko, V. F.
name: Sornette, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantitative statistical test for the presence of a crossover c0 in the Gutenberg-Richter distribution of earthquake seismic moments, separating the usual power law regime for seismic moments less than c0 from another faster decaying regime beyond c0. Our method is based on the transformation of the ordered sample of seismic moments into a series with uniform distribution under condition of no crossover. The bootstrap method allows us to estimate the statistical significance of the null hypothesis H0 of an absence of crossover (c0=infinity). When H0 is rejected, we estimate the crossover c0 using two different competing models for the second regime beyond c0 and the bootstrap method. For the catalog obtained by aggregating 14 subduction zones of the Circum Pacific Seismic Belt, our estimate of the crossover point is log(c0) =28.14 +- 0.40 (c0 in dyne-cm), corresponding to a crossover magnitude mW=8.1 +- 0.3. For separate subduction zones, the corresponding estimates are much more uncertain, so that the null hypothesis of an identical crossover for all subduction zones cannot be rejected. Such a large value of the crossover magnitude makes it difficult to associate it directly with a seismogenic thickness as proposed by many different authors in the past. Our measure of c0 may substantiate the concept that the localization of strong shear deformation could propagate significantly in the lower crust and upper mantle, thus increasing the effective size beyond which one should expect a change of regime.
description: pdf document of 40 pages including 5 tables and 19 figures
Probabilistic asynchronous pi-calculus
Creators: name: Herescu, Oltea Mihaela
name: Palamidessi, Catuscia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.3;D.3.2;D.3.3

description: We propose an extension of the asynchronous pi-calculus with a notion of random choice. We define an operational semantics which distinguishes between probabilistic choice, made internally by the process, and nondeterministic choice, made externally by an adversary scheduler. This distinction will allow us to reason about the probabilistic correctness of algorithms under certain schedulers. We show that in this language we can solve the electoral problem, which was proved not possible in the asynchronous $π$-calculus. Finally, we show an implementation of the probabilistic asynchronous pi-calculus in a Java-like language.
description: Report version (longer and more complete than the FoSSaCs 2000 version)
Boundary Correlators in 2D Quantum Gravity: Liouville versus Discrete Approach
Creators: name: Kostov, Ivan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate a class of two-point boundary correlators in 2D quantum gravity using its microscopic realization as loop gas on a random surface. We find a perfect agreement with the two-point boundary correlation function in Liouville theory, obtained by V. Fateev, A. Zamolodchikov and Al. Zamolodchikov. We also give a geometrical meaning of the functional equation satisfied by this two-point function.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, harvmac, eqs. (2.11) and (5.11) corrected
Polarised radiative transfer, rotation measure fluctuations and large-scale magnetic fields
Creators: name: On, Alvina Y. L.
name: Chan, Jennifer Y. H.
name: Wu, Kinwah
name: Saxton, Curtis J.
name: van Driel-Gesztelyi, Lidia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Faraday rotation measure at radio wavelengths is commonly used to diagnose large-scale magnetic fields. It is argued that the length-scales on which magnetic fields vary in large-scale diffuse astrophysical media can be inferred from correlations in the observed RM. RM is a variable which can be derived from the polarised radiative transfer equations in restrictive conditions. This paper assesses the usage of RMF (rotation measure fluctuation) analyses for magnetic field diagnostics in the framework of polarised radiative transfer. We use models of various magnetic field configurations and electron density distributions to show how density fluctuations could affect the correlation length of the magnetic fields inferred from the conventional RMF analyses. We caution against interpretations of RMF analyses when a characteristic density is ill-defined, e.g. in cases of log-normal distributed and fractal-like density structures. As the spatial correlations are generally not the same in the line-of-sight longitudinal direction and the sky plane direction, one also needs to clarify the context of RMF when inferring from observational data. In complex situations, a covariant polarised radiative transfer calculation is essential to capture all aspects of radiative and transport processes, which would otherwise ambiguate the interpretations of magnetism in galaxy clusters and larger-scale cosmological structures.
description: MNRAS accepted, 18 pages, 9 figures
Assessing Agricultural Land Use Change in the Midlands Region of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Application of Mixed-Multinomial Logit
Creators: name: Hitayezu, Patrick
name: Wale, Edilegnaw
name: Ortmann, Gerald
name: Hitayezu, Patrick
name: Wale, Edilegnaw
name: Ortmann, Gerald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agribusiness
Land Economics/Use

description: On-farm tree cultivation is considered an important strategy to mitigate detrimental environmental impacts of agricultural land-use change (ALUC). In South Africa, however, little is known about farm-level incentives and constraints that govern ALUC decisions among small-scale farmers. To address this knowledge gap, this study employs a mixed multinomial logit (MMNL) model by using a combination of revealed and stated preference data. After correcting for endogeneity, the estimated results show that decisions about ALUC are rationally derived and driven by clear but heterogeneous preferences and trade-offs between crop productivity, food security and labour saving. The results further show that the decision to plant sugarcane is constrained by landholding, whilst farmland afforestation is negatively influenced by household size. Decisions to convert land use are also driven by the behaviour of peer groups and agro-ecological conditions. Based on these findings, important policy implications for sustainable land use are outlined.
MOESM1 of Highly efficient lipid production in the green alga Parachlorella kessleri: draft genome and transcriptome endorsed by whole-cell 3D ultrastructure
Creators: name: Ota, Shuhei
name: Kenshiro Oshima
name: Yamazaki, Tomokazu
name: Sangwan Kim
name: Yu, Zhe
name: Yoshihara, Mai
name: Takeda, Kohei
name: Takeshita, Tsuyoshi
name: Hirata, Aiko
name: Kateřina Bišová
name: Zachleder, Vilém
name: Masahira Hattori
name: Kawano, Shigeyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Number of genes versus size (nt in length) of genes. Figure S2. Number of genes versus number of exons. Figure S3. KEGG category analysis in energy metabolism. Figure S4. KEGG category analysis in amino acid metabolism. Figure S5. KEGG category analysis in lipid metabolism. Table S1. Percentage of genes annotated.
Osbornellus divaricatus Dominguez & Godoy 2010, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Domínguez, Edwin
name: Godoy, Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Osbornellus
Osbornellus divaricatus

description: Osbornellus divaricatus Domínguez & Godoy, sp. nov.
(Figs. 25a–25e)
 Description. Length: 5.7 mm. Member of the O. auronitens group (Fig. 1a). General description as in O. eberhardi.
 Male genitalia: Pygofer less than twice as long as wide, moderately projected posteriorly, apex widey rounded; long macrosetae dispersed along apical third (Fig. 25a). Valve triangular, wide, with margin rounded. Plates long, with apex pointed, margins with folds, setae plumose (Fig. 25b). Style with apophysis short, straight, and truncate (Fig. 25c). Aedeagus in ventral view wide at base, curved, wider where ventral processes diverge; shaft straight, apex rounded, shorter than processes (Fig. 25d). Ventral processes arising at about one-third of the way along the length of the aedeagus, tapered distally, curved, apices pointed. In lateral view shaft with base wide, narrowed at middle, curved dorsad, apex rounded, shorter than ventral processes; dorsal projection pointed dorsad, slightly tapered at tip. Gonopore apical. Ventral processes close to shaft, separated for two thirds of their length, slightly wide and slightly curved dorsad, apices pointed (Fig. 25e).
 Diagnosis. Very similar to O. bifurcatus, but in lateral view the aedeagus of O. divaricatus has the ventral processes close to shaft, separated for two thirds of their length, somewhat widened, slightly curved dorsad, and apices pointed. In O. bifurcatus the ventral process are separated from the shaft and the apices are pointed dorsad.
 Distribution. Known only from Costa Rica; 2900 m
 Etymology. This species is named for the divergent ventral processes of the aedeagus in ventral view.
 Type material: Holotype, male, COSTA RICA: San José, Estación Cuerici, El Mirador, 4 Km al E. Villa Mills, 2900m, 24-IX-9-X-1996, A. P. Picado (INBio).
description: Published as part of Domínguez, Edwin & Godoy, Carolina, 2010, Taxonomic review of the genus Osbornellus Ball (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Central America 2702, pp. 1-106 in Zootaxa 2702 on pages 30-33
Estimating the Effects of Selected Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and Technical Barriers to Trade on U.S.-EU Agricultural Trade
Creators: name: Arita, Shawn
name: Mitchell, Lorraine
name: Beckman, Jayson
name: Arita, Shawn
name: Mitchell, Lorraine
name: Beckman, Jayson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Non-tariff measures
subject: NTMs
subject: gravity model
subject: agricultural trade
subject: trade agreement
subject: Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership
subject: T-TIP
subject: United States
subject: European Union
subject: EU
subject: sanitary and phytosanitary measures
subject: SPS
subject: technical barriers to trade
subject: TBT

description: This study investigates the effects of selected sanitary and phytosanitary measures (SPS) and technical barriers to trade (TBT) on agricultural trade between the United States and the European Union (EU). It identifies data, methodological, and conceptual challenges to quantify such non-tariff measures (NTM) in the context of free-trade agreements. An empirical strategy combining market analysis with gravity model econometric methods is used to quantify the extent of protection afforded by major NTMs in U.S.-EU agricultural trade. In most of the commodities investigated with specific SPS/TBT concerns, estimated ad valorem tariff equivalents (AVE) of NTMs were found to be considerably higher than existing tariffs. EU NTMs on U.S. poultry, pork, and corn were found to have the most trade-impeding effects, with estimated AVE effects of 102, 81, and 79 percent, respectively; EU NTMs on U.S. beef, vegetables, and fruits were also found to be significant. The AVE effect of U.S. NTMs on EU exports ranges from 37 percent for vegetables to 45 percent for fruits.
Gravitational microlensing of gamma-ray blazars
Creators: name: Torres, Diego F.
name: Romero, Gustavo E.
name: Eiroa, Ernesto F.
name: Wambsganss, Joachim
name: Pessah, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the effects of gravitational microlensing on compact and distant $γ$-ray blazars. These objects have $γ$-ray emitting regions which are small enough as to be affected by microlensing effects produced by stars lying in intermediate galaxies. We analyze the temporal evolution of the gamma-ray magnification for sources moving in a caustic pattern field, where the combined effects of thousands of stars are taken into account using a numerical technique. We propose that some of the unidentified $γ$-ray sources (particularly some of those lying at high galactic latitude whose gamma-ray statistical properties are very similar to detected $γ$-ray blazars) are indeed the result of gravitational lensing magnification of background undetected Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs).
description: 30 pages, 27 figures. Four figures are being submitted only as .gif files, and should be printed separately. The abstract below has been shortened from the actual version appearing in the paper
Road Accident Data, 2009
Road Accident Data, 1985-
Creators: name: Department For Transport, Road Accident Statistics Branch
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2010

description: Road accident statistics are collected from information about personal injury road accidents and their consequent casualties, to a common national standard. The aim of collecting and publishing national road accident statistics is to inform public debate and to provide the basis for determining and monitoring effective road safety policies to reduce the road accident casualty toll. They are an essential requirement for monitoring targeted reductions in road accident casualties. The credible monitoring of targeted reductions requires that data are reported consistently and accurately, and both national and local government, and local reporting police forces, work closely to achieve a common reporting standard.

Users should note that for 1985-1991, and from 2002 onwards, the Vehicle Record file does not contain breath test data. This change has been made in order to protect confidentiality.

Data for 1985-1990 were deposited at the Archive at the beginning of 2006. Prior to this, the Archive only held the Road Accident Data series from 1991 onwards. No extra documentation was available for the 1985-1990 data, so users are advised to consult the documentation for the 1991 survey.

Further information about the Road Accident Data series and research based on it may be found on the government road accidents and safety statistics webpages.

These studies comprise information gathered using STATS19 and STATS20 forms.
İlkçağda Akseki Bölgesi
Creators: name: Adak, Mustafa
name: Takmer, Burak
name: Akdoğu Arca, Ebru
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: "Akseki yöresinin tarihi ilk çağlara kadar uzanmasına rağmen; elimızde kesin belgeler olmadığından bu çağın karanlığını aydınlatamıyoruz. Mevcut tarihi kalıntıların da araştırılmamış olması, bilgilerimizin noksanlığına neden olmaktadır. Tek bildiğimiz şey; zamanla, Pisidya sınırlarına uzandığı doğudan Kilikya. güney ve güneybatıdan Pamfilya hudutlarının birbirine yaklaştığı üçgenin öteden beri, bir yerleşme bölgesı olduğudur". 1974 yılında Mustafa Enhoş tarafından kaleme alınmış bu karamsar sözler artık geçerliliğini yitirmiş gözükmektedir. Zira Aksekı Bölgesı'nın ilkçağ'da "karanlık" gözüken yüzünü makalede sunulan bilgilerle biraz da
 olsa aydınlatmak istiyoruz.
title: Preventing and Addressing Stillbirths Across the Continuum of Care: A Global Advocacy and Implementation Guide
Creators: name: International Stillbirth Alliance
Publisher: name: International Stillbirth Alliance
Year: 2023

description: We envision a world in which preventable stillbirths no longer occur, and care for families and health workers after stillbirth is
compassionate, high quality and culturally appropriate. 
This guide is intended to provide technical resources and practical guidance for stillbirth advocacy and programme planning at national and subnational levels. The guide does not present new information but rather brings together existing resources, global guidance and toolkits in one place to inform planning, investments and programmes aimed at ending preventable stillbirths and improving care for all women and families who experience stillbirth. In doing so, gaps in available resources are also highlighted.
New methods to assess and improve LIGO detector duty cycle
Creators: name: Biswas, Ayon
name: McIver, Jess
name: Mahabal, Ashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A network of three or more gravitational wave detectors simultaneously taking data is required to generate a well-localized sky map for gravitational wave sources, such as GW170817. Local seismic disturbances often cause the LIGO and Virgo detectors to lose light resonance in one or more of their component optic cavities, and the affected detector is unable to take data until resonance is recovered. In this paper, we use machine learning techniques to gain insight into the predictive behavior of the LIGO detector optic cavities during the second LIGO-Virgo observing run. We identify a minimal set of optic cavity control signals and data features which capture interferometer behavior leading to a loss of light resonance, or lockloss. We use these channels to accurately distinguish between lockloss events and quiet interferometer operating times via both supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods. This analysis yields new insights into how components of the LIGO detectors contribute to lockloss events, which could inform detector commissioning efforts to mitigate the associated loss of uptime. Particularly, we find that the state of the component optical cavities is a better predictor of loss of lock than ground motion trends. We report prediction accuracies of 98% for times just prior to lock loss, and 90% for times up to 30 seconds prior to lockloss, which shows promise for this method to be applied in near-real time to trigger preventative detector state changes. This method can be extended to target other auxiliary subsystems or times of interest, such as transient noise or loss in detector sensitivity. Application of these techniques during the third LIGO-Virgo observing run and beyond would maximize the potential of the global detector network for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves.
UNLOCKING COGNITIVE POTENTIAL - TRAINING STEM CELLS FOR ENHANCED FUNCTIONALITY
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Stem cells
Cognitive enhancement
Neuroplasticity
Regenerative medicine
Tissue engineering
Neurological rehabilitation
Bioengineering
Neural networks
Memory
Problem-solving

description: This article explores the groundbreaking concept of training stem cells with specific cognitive abilities and its potential applications in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and neurological rehabilitation. Stem cells, with their remarkable plasticity, offer a unique platform for enhancing cognitive functions such as memory, problem-solving, and information processing. By leveraging principles from neuroplasticity and interdisciplinary approaches including bioengineering and electrical stimulation, researchers aim to create stem cell-derived neural networks with enhanced cognitive capabilities. The article discusses the theoretical framework, technological advancements, and medical implications of this innovative approach, highlighting its transformative potential in personalized medicine, organ regeneration, and cognitive enhancement.

 

 

Dieser Artikel untersucht das bahnbrechende Konzept des Trainings von Stammzellen mit spezifischen kognitiven Fähigkeiten und seine möglichen Anwendungen in der regenerativen Medizin, im Tissue Engineering und in der neurologischen Rehabilitation. Stammzellen bieten mit ihrer bemerkenswerten Plastizität eine einzigartige Plattform zur Verbesserung kognitiver Funktionen wie Gedächtnis, Problemlösung und Informationsverarbeitung. Durch die Nutzung von Prinzipien der Neuroplastizität und interdisziplinären Ansätzen wie Biotechnik und Elektrostimulation wollen Forscher aus Stammzellen gewonnene neuronale Netzwerke mit verbesserten kognitiven Fähigkeiten schaffen. Der Artikel erörtert den theoretischen Rahmen, die technologischen Fortschritte und die medizinischen Implikationen dieses innovativen Ansatzes und hebt sein transformatives Potenzial in der personalisierten Medizin, der Organregeneration und der kognitiven Verbesserung hervor.
Economic Incentives to Supply Safe Chicken to the National School Lunch Program
Creators: name: Ollinger, Michael
name: Bovay, John
name: Guthrie, Joanne
name: Benicio, Casiano
name: Ollinger, Michael
name: Bovay, John
name: Guthrie, Joanne
name: Benicio, Casiano
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: food safety
subject: chicken
subject: Salmonella
subject: National School Lunch Program
subject: regulation
subject: probit analyses

description: This report examines the food safety performance of establishments supplying raw chicken to the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) through the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Agricultural Marketing Service’s (AMS) Poultry Products Purchase Program over 2006–12. This report focuses on the effectiveness of reputation as an incentive for producers to control Salmonella. To sell chicken through the Poultry Products Purchase Program, establishments must be registered with AMS and be in compliance with the standards imposed on all slaughter establishments by the USDA, Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS). Suppliers may exceed the FSIS standard, depending on their incentives. Raw chicken suppliers to AMS for the NSLP have an incentive to attain strong performance on Salmonella tests in order to ensure that they do not suffer product recalls, which, being associated with a highly visible customer, could harm their reputations for food safety and adversely affect profitability. However, suppliers also have an incentive to reduce costs, including those associated with food safety practices, to improve their profit margins. Findings indicate that AMS supplier concerns about increased scrutiny and the associated reputation effects when supplying the NSLP offset any incentive to underinvest in food safety to lower the costs of production.
Electrically tunable exchange splitting in bilayergraphene on monolayer Cr2X2Te6 with X = Ge, Si, and Sn
Creators: name: Zollner, Klaus
name: Gmitra, Martin
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: graphene, spintronics, heterostrcutures, proximity exchange
subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigate the electronic band structure and the proximity exchange effect in bilayer graphene (BLG) on a family of ferromagnetic multilayers Cr2X2Te6, X = Ge, Si, and Sn, with first principles methods. In each case the intrinsic electric field of the heterostructure induces an orbital gap on the order of 10 meV in the graphene bilayer. The proximity exchange is strongly band-dependent. For example, in the case of Cr2Ge2Te6, the low energy valence band of BLG has exchange splitting of 8 meV, while the low energy conduction band's splitting is 30 times less (0.3 meV). This striking discrepancy stems from the layer-dependent hybridization with the ferromagnetic substrate. Remarkably, applying a vertical electric field of a few V nm–1 reverses the exchange, allowing us to effectively turn ON and OFF proximity magnetism in BLG. Such a field-effect should be generic for van der Waals bilayers on ferromagnetic insulators, opening new possibilities for spin-based devices.
Massive Star Formation Rates and Radial Distributions from Halpha Imaging of 84 Virgo Cluster and Isolated Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Koopmann, Rebecca A.
name: Kenney, Jeffrey D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The massive star formation properties of 55 Virgo Cluster and 29 isolated S0-Scd bright (M(B) < -18) spiral galaxies are compared via analyses of R and Halpha surface photometry and integrated fluxes as functions of Hubble type and central R light concentration (bulge-to-disk ratio). In the median, the total normalized massive star formation rates (NMSFRs) in Virgo Cluster spirals are reduced by factors up to 2.5 compared to isolated spiral galaxies of the same type or concentration, with a range from enhanced (up to 2.5 times) to strongly reduced (up to 10 times). Within the inner 30% of the optical disk, Virgo Cluster and isolated spirals have similar ranges in NMSFRs, with similar to enhanced median NMSFRs for Virgo galaxies. NMSFRs in the outer 70% of the optical disk are reduced in the median by factors up to 9 for Virgo Cluster spirals, with more severely reduced star formation at progressively larger disk radii. Thus the reduction in total star formation of Virgo Cluster spirals is caused primarily by spatial truncation of the star-forming disks. The correlation between HI deficiency and R light central concentration is much weaker than the correlation between HI deficiency and Hubble type. ICM-ISM stripping of the gas from spiral galaxies is likely responsible for the truncated star-forming disks of Virgo Cluster spirals. This effect may be responsible for a significant part of the morphology-density relationship.
description: Revised version accepted by Astrophysical Journal. 16 pages, 12 figures. Revised version is significantly shorter. Two figures were added, several figures were cut. Other revised material now appears in a second paper: Halpha Morphologies and Environmental Effects in Virgo Cluster Spiral Galaxies, also accepted by Astrophysical Journal
On the generalized dining philosophers problem
Creators: name: Herescu, Oltea Mihaela
name: Palamidessi, Catuscia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.4.1;C.2.4

description: We consider a generalization of the dining philosophers problem to arbitrary connection topologies. We focus on symmetric, fully distributed systems, and we address the problem of guaranteeing progress and lockout-freedom, even in presence of adversary schedulers, by using randomized algorithms. We show that the well-known algorithms of Lehmann and Rabin do not work in the generalized case, and we propose an alternative algorithm based on the idea of letting the philosophers assign a random priority to their adjacent forks.