cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quality Assessment of Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course of Tuberculosis in Afar National Regional State
Creators: name: Girma, Anteneh
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2007

description: Introduction: despite availability of reliable diagnostic approaches and effective drugs for over decades, Tb remained a major public health problem, where there have been limited impacts in reducing its global burden despite the growing adherence to the recommendations of WHO on the use of DOTS and other interventions in many countries. Objective: to assess the quality of Tuberculosis treatment in Afar National Regional State. Methodology: cross sectional health institution based survey was conducted between 5th February and 10th March in six health institutions, where records were reviewed for 270 Patients', exit interview were made among 209 patients, six providers were interviewed and observations were made for 49 patients. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 11.0 for windows statistical software and findings at 95% confidence interval and p value of 0.05 were reported as statistically significant. Result: the results of the study showed that staffing qualities were poor and patterns of supervision were weak but delivery supplies for Tb control activities were good. A relatively higher proportion of patients were dissatisfied with the appropriateness and adequacy of working hours and waiting time. Statistically significant correlation was observed between process quality and output quality (clients' satisfaction). Conclusion And Recommendations: it was concluded that the quality of Tb treatment in Afar National Regional State was poor where; both the quantity and the quality of staffing were not satisfactory, the issue of refreshment training seems to be absent, the pattern of supervision was weak and was also unplanned, inconsistent and lack feedback whenever it had been effected, which is totally against the national guideline where it is strongly recommended as part of program communication. Hence, mechanisms to improve the different aspects of the program and sticking to the national TLCP manual were strongly recommended. 2
Adoption of Coping Strategies to Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease Outbreak by Rabbit Farmers in Kwara State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Adeiza Bello, Muhammad
name: Olaniyi Adewumi, Mathew
name: Durojaiye Ayeni, Mathew
name: Oluwabukunmi Akinsola, Grace
name: Abiodun Ahmed, Ismail
name: Jamiu Dauda, Muhammed
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Coping strategies
subject: Disease
subject: Economic loss
subject: Multivariate probit regression
subject: Rabbit farmers

description: Rabbit production is increasingly becoming a source of livelihood to many households in Nigeria. Unfortunately, a recent incidence of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease (RHD), which is a virulent and rapidly spreading disease of rabbits adversely affected the Nigerian rabbit industry and caused significant economic loss to farmers. Hence, this study assessed the coping strategies adopted by rabbit farmers as response to the RHD outbreak in the study area. A snowball sampling technique was adopted for selecting 120 affected rabbit farmers from whom data utilized for the study were collected using structured questionnaire. The obtained data were analysed using descriptive statistics to describe the rabbit farmers based on their socioeconomic characteristics and the different coping strategies adopted; and Multivariate Probit (MVP) Regression Model to determine the factors influencing the rabbit farmersˈ adoption of coping strategies. The result from the MVP analysis revealed that age of the farmer, size of household, membership of cooperative, extension contacts, amount of credit accessed, income per rabbit production cycle, and income from other sources significantly influenced rabbit farmersˈ adoption of coping strategies. It is, therefore, recommended that the farmers should join farming cooperatives so that they can have access to useful resources and relevant information that can help them cope with the risks involved in the business. In addition, extension education and outreach should be frequently provided to the rabbit farmers to avail them of advisory services that can help with mitigating the impact of the risks involved in the business.
Finite-temperature crossover phenomenon in the $S=1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the kagome lattice
Creators: name: Shimokawa, Tokuro
name: Kawamura, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal properties of the $S=1/2$ kagome Heisenberg antiferromagnet at low temperatures are investigated by means of the Hams-de Raedt method for clusters of up to 36 sites possessing a full symmetry of the lattice. The specific heat exhibits, in addition to the double peaks, the third and the forth peaks at lower temperatures. With decreasing the temperature, the type of the magnetic short-range order (SRO) changes around the third-peak temperature from the $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ to the $q$=0 states, suggesting that the third peak of the specific heat is associated with a crossover phenomenon between the spin-liquid states with distinct magnetic SRO. Experimental implications are discussed.
description: To appear in JPSJ. Two figure insets (in Fig. 2) and two references (Refs. 33 and 34) added. Some of the text part expanded
Operator inference for non-intrusive model reduction with quadratic manifolds
Creators: name: Geelen, Rudy
name: Wright, Stephen
name: Willcox, Karen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper proposes a novel approach for learning a data-driven quadratic manifold from high-dimensional data, then employing this quadratic manifold to derive efficient physics-based reduced-order models. The key ingredient of the approach is a polynomial mapping between high-dimensional states and a low-dimensional embedding. This mapping consists of two parts: a representation in a linear subspace (computed in this work using the proper orthogonal decomposition) and a quadratic component. The approach can be viewed as a form of data-driven closure modeling, since the quadratic component introduces directions into the approximation that lie in the orthogonal complement of the linear subspace, but without introducing any additional degrees of freedom to the low-dimensional representation. Combining the quadratic manifold approximation with the operator inference method for projection-based model reduction leads to a scalable non-intrusive approach for learning reduced-order models of dynamical systems. Applying the new approach to transport-dominated systems of partial differential equations illustrates the gains in efficiency that can be achieved over approximation in a linear subspace.
MPEC 2023-S117 : 2023 SR2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 SR2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Solid-state NMR studies of non-ionic surfactants confined in mesoporous silica
Creators: name: Buntkowsky, Gerd
name: Döller, Sonja
name: Haro-Mares, Nadia
name: Gutmann, Torsten
name: Hoffmann, Markus
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2023

description: This review gives an overview of current trends in the investigation of confined molecules such as higher alcohols, ethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol as guest molecules in neat and functionalized mesoporous silica materials. All these molecules have both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts. They are characteristic role-models for the investigation of confined surfactants. Their properties are studied by a combination of solid-state NMR and relaxometry with other physicochemical techniques and molecular dynamics techniques. It is shown that this combination delivers unique insights into the structure, arrangement, dynamical properties and the guest-host interactions inside the confinement.
ALMA reveals optically thin, highly excited CO gas in the jet-driven winds of the galaxy IC5063
Creators: name: Dasyra, K. M.
name: Combes, F.
name: Oosterloo, T.
name: Oonk, J. B. R.
name: Morganti, R.
name: Salome, P.
name: Vlahakis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using CO (4-3) and (2-1) Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) data, we prove that the molecular gas in the jet-driven winds of the galaxy IC5063 is more highly excited than the rest of the molecular gas in the disk of the same galaxy. On average, the CO(4-3)/CO(2-1) flux ratio is 1 for the disk and 5 for the jet accelerated or impacted gas. Spatially-resolved maps reveal that in regions associated with winds, the CO(4-3)/CO(2-1) flux ratio significantly exceeds the upper limit of 4 for optically thick gas. It frequently takes values between 5 and 11, and it occasionally further approaches the upper limit of 16 for optically thin gas. Excitation temperatures of 30-100 K are common for the molecules in these regions. If all of the outflowing molecular gas is optically thin, at 30-50 K, then its mass is 2*10^6 M_sun. This lower mass limit is an order of magnitude below the mass derived from the CO(2-1) flux in the case of optically thick gas. Molecular winds can thus be less massive, but more easily detectable at high z than they were previously thought to be.
description: A&A, in press
title: Coming Home: Demobilization, Trauma and Postwar Readjustment in Late Stalinist Leningrad
title: Coming Home: Demobilization, Trauma and Postwar Readjustment in Late Stalinist Leningrad
Creators: name: Dale, Robert
Publisher: name: Arbeitskreis Militärgeschichte
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 30300 History

description: In the summer of 1945 millions of demobilized Red Army soldiers began returning home after four long years of industrialized warfare. In the next three years over 300.000 veterans would return to Leningrad, a war-ravaged city with a particularly traumatic wartime experience. This paper explores an extreme case of the difficulties of demobilization, and the challenges of adapting to civilian life experienced by returning veterans. Despite the disorientating and destabilizing process of adjusting to peace, Leningrad’s veterans proved remarkably adaptable and resilient in the face of the many obstacles put in their way.
description: Portal Militärgeschichte
Variation in banksia in Eastern Australia
Creators: name: Salkin, Abraham Isaac.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
On conformal points of area preserving maps and related topics
Creators: name: Albers, Peter
name: Tabachnikov, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we consider area preserving diffeomorphisms of planar domains, and we are interested in their conformal points, i.e., points at which the derivative is a similarity. We present some conditions that guarantee existence of conformal points for the infinitesimal problem of Hamiltonian vector fields as well as for what we call moderate symplectomorphisms of simply connected domains. We also link this problem to the Carathéodory and Loewner conjectures.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
An Assessment of Swine Industry in the Philippines
Creators: name: Fang, Christian Paul L.
name: Elca, Cenon D.
name: Fang, Christian Paul L.
name: Elca, Cenon D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: swine industry
subject: pork
subject: situationer and assessment
subject: supply response
subject: demand
subject: analysis

description: This paper assessed the performance of swine industry in the Philippines by synthesizing secondary data from 1990 to 2020. Inefficiencies in major swine value chain segments were identified. The factors affecting swine production and pork consumption were determined using multiple regression analysis. The bottlenecks found along the chain are yellow corn supply deficit, fragmented structures of yellow corn and backyard farms, high disease susceptibility of backyard farms, and compromised meat quality produced from private slaughterhouses. The own price, inventory, and slaughtered animals have significant direct effects on swine production. The retail price of pork and income have significant direct influences on pork consumption, while the retail price of chicken has inverse effect. Recommendations emphasize continuous implementation of support programs for yellow corn, promotion of collective action schemes for yellow corn and backyard farms, target-specific training seminars on disease management and control for backyard farms, and Public- Private Partnership scheme for slaughterhouse modernization.
การประเมินความพึงพอใจการใช้พื้นที่บริการนักท่องเที่ยว และเส้นทางศึกษาธรรมชาติ กรณีศึกษาอุทยานแห่งชาติเขาใหญ่
Creators: name: ศุภชัย เปรมสมิทธ์
Publisher: name: คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2022
Subjects: การประเมินความพึงพอใจ
แหล่งท่องเที่ยว
อุทยานแห่งชาติเขาใหญ่

description: วารสาร สิ่งแวดล้อมสรรค์สร้างวินิจฉัย (Built Environment Inquiry BEI), 21, 2, 91-108
Effect of Li Adsorption on the Electronic and Hydrogen Storage Properties of Acenes: A Dispersion-Corrected TAO-DFT Study
Creators: name: Seenithurai, Sonai
name: Chai, Jeng-Da
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the presence of strong static correlation effects and noncovalent interactions, accurate prediction of the electronic and hydrogen storage properties of Li-adsorbed acenes with n linearly fused benzene rings (n = 3 - 8) has been very challenging for conventional electronic structure methods. To meet the challenge, we study these properties using our recently developed thermally-assisted-occupation density functional theory (TAO-DFT) with dispersion corrections. In contrast to pure acenes, the binding energies of H2 molecules on Li-adsorbed acenes are in the ideal binding energy range (about 20 to 40 kJ/mol per H2). Besides, the H2 gravimetric storage capacities of Li-adsorbed acenes are in the range of 9.9 to 10.7 wt%, satisfying the United States Department of Energy (USDOE) ultimate target of 7.5 wt%. On the basis of our results, Li-adsorbed acenes can be high-capacity hydrogen storage materials for reversible hydrogen uptake and release at ambient conditions.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
ปัจจัยที่ส่งผลต่อการเปลี่ยนแปลงของชุมชนตลาดน้อย กรุงเทพมหานคร
Creators: name: สุพรรณสา ฉิมพาลี
Publisher: name: คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2022
Subjects: ปัจจัย
การเปลี่ยนแปลง
ชุมชนตลาดน้อย

description: วารสาร สิ่งแวดล้อมสรรค์สร้างวินิจฉัย (Built Environment Inquiry BEI), 21, 2, 109-127
Controlling quantum effects in enhanced strong-field ionisation with machine-learning techniques
Creators: name: Chomet, Heloise
name: Plesnik, Samuel
name: Nicolae, Constantin
name: Dunham, Jack
name: Gover, Lesley
name: Weaving, Timothy
name: Faria, Carla Figueira de Morisson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-classical pathways and quantum interference in enhanced ionisation of diatomic molecules in strong laser fields using machine learning techniques. Quantum interference provides a bridge, which facilitates intramolecular population transfer. Its frequency is higher than that of the field, intrinsic to the system and depends on several factors, for instance the state of the initial wavepacket or the internuclear separation. Using dimensionality reduction techniques, namely t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE) and principal component analysis (PCA), we investigate the effect of multiple parameters at once and find optimal conditions for enhanced ionisation in static fields, and controlled ionisation release for two-colour driving fields. This controlled ionisation manifests itself as a step-like behaviour in the time-dependent autocorrelation function. We explain the features encountered with phase-space arguments, and also establish a hierarchy of parameters for controlling ionisation via phase-space Wigner quasiprobability flows, such as specific coherent superpositions of states, electron localisation and internuclear-distance ranges.
description: 39 pages, 21 figures
พฤติกรรมการเดินทางของผู้สูงอายุในเขตเมือง
Creators: name: กรรณิกา ศรีภูมี
Publisher: name: คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2022
Subjects: พฤติกรรมการเดินทาง
การเดินทางที่เป็นมิตรกับผู้สูงอายุ
ผู้สูงอายุ

description: วารสาร สิ่งแวดล้อมสรรค์สร้างวินิจฉัย (Built Environment Inquiry BEI), 21, 2, 129-143
Role of liquid driving on the clogging of constricted particle suspensions
Creators: name: Souzy, Mathieu
name: Marin, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forcing dense suspensions of non-cohesive particles through constrictions might either result in a continuous flow, an intermittent one, or indefinite interruption of flow, i.e., a clog. While one of the most important (and obvious) controlling parameters in such a system is the neck-to-particle size ratio, the role of the liquid driving method is not so obvious. On the one hand, wide-spread volume-controlled systems result in pressure and local liquid velocity increases upon eventual clogs. On the other hand, pressure-controlled systems result in a decrease of the flow through the constriction when a clog is developed. The root of the question therefore lies on the role of interparticle liquid flow and hydrodynamic forces on both the formation and stability of an arch blocking the particle transport through a constriction. In this work, we experimentally analyse a suspension of non-cohesive particles in channels undergoing intermittent regimes, in which they are most sensitive to parametric changes. By exploring the statistical distribution of arrest times and of discharged particles, we surprisingly find that the transport of non-cohesive suspensions through constrictions actually follows a "slower is faster" principle under certain conditions.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
title: Automated topology synthesis for analog integrated circuits
Creators: name: Zhao, Zhenxin
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2022

description: Currently, except for circuit topology synthesis, all the other phases in the analog integrated circuit design procedure are equipped with electronic design automation (EDA) commercial tools to greatly facilitate the human laborious work and significantly improve the design productivity, even though they are still not as mature as digital EDA counterparts. This dissertation focuses on developing a circuit topology synthesis EDA tool for analog integrated circuits. In order to make the developed EDA tool commercializable, there are many challenges that have to be solved, including trustworthy solutions, innovative solutions, wide applicability, sound generalization capability, and affordable computation effort. This thesis proposes a graph-based generation method to automatically synthesize analog integrated circuits, which has partially solved some challenges. But one serious problem of this method is its unaffordable computation effort due to the time-consuming sizing process for a huge number of generated circuit structures. To address this problem, we propose a novel performance modeling method that can boost the sizing efficiency by more than 30 times with ignorable model building overhead, which is especially suitable for the circuit synthesis work that involves generating various circuit structures. With the assistance of the emerging machine learning advancement, EDA tools can be more efficient and effective. We have employed the deep reinforcement learning technique in this dissertation to synthesize analog integrated circuit structures. Its technical merits make it be able to address those pending challenges much better than the graph-based generation method. But it still suffers from a shortcoming, that is, the learning process has to be performed from scratch once the technology or design specification changes. In order to overcome this shortcoming, the transfer learning technique is applied to transfer the learned knowledge from a learning process to another in order to largely save the learning effort. The experimental results exhibit strong efficacy and great applicability of our proposed methods.
Exploration of Barriers related to family planning use among pastoralist communities of Ethiopian Somali region, Eastern Ethiopia: Qualitative study.
Creators: name: Tiru, Gemu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Background: Rapid population growth is a threat to wellbeing in the poorest countries. In Ethiopia there was a dramatic increase in contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) from 8.2% to 36% in 2016. Although such encouraging results have been achieved, there are significant variations among the regions, with very low coverage in the pastoralist regions ranging from 1.5 percent in Somali region to 56 percent in Addis Ababa. No studies in Somali region have qualitatively explored for barriers accessing and utilizing family planning from the pastoralist community perspective. Objectives: The objective of this study was exploring barriers related to family planning use among pastoralist communities of Ethiopian Somali region. Methods: Qualitative inductive content analysis through purposive sampling with maximum variation mixed with snow ball were used to conduct four FGD among married women and their husbands, fifteen KII among programmers, service providers and community chiefs. On top this 6 facility observation were undertaken. Data analysis was done using Open code version 4.02. Results: Six major themes were emerged during the study:Religion prohibition, socio cultural factors, limited access to family planning services, gender roles and social pressure, myths and misconceptions related to family planning and provider negative attitude affected family planning service uptake. Conclusions: Poor women empowerment and limited male involvement, Religion prohibition, Cultural barriers such as clan leaders influence affected family planning service uptake. Women and girls remain largely marginalized in terms of development and full participation in the health program as a whole family planning in particular which contributes to low service uptake at the household and community levels due to underdevelopment, low literacy and prevailing socio-cultural perceptions. Recommendations: Massive community mobilization, women empowerement and male involvement through chiefs and religious leaders, Capacity building on family planning program, new service provision modality that will fit to mobile community is crucial to increase family planning service uptake.
RESISTIRÉ Politika Metni: Bir Devamlılık olarak Kriz: Kapsayıcı Feminist Kriz Mücadelesinden Dersler
Creators: name: Ensari, Pinar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gender+
COVID-19
crisis management
crisis response
policy reccomendations

description: As a way of harvesting our collective insights from the RESISTIRÉ research, we 1) propose the concept of ‘crisis as a continuum’ as an essential framework for crisis prevention, response, recovery, and monitoring, and 2) suggest that public authorities at all levels, including the European Union, support and learn from an inclusive feminist crisis response to prevent and better manage future crises. These recommendations are based on the three cycles of RESISTIRÉ research and supported by project factsheets that aim to provide a conceptual framework for approaching future crises.
Application of Bayesian inference in econometrics and time-series analysis
Creators: name: Rahman, Mohammad Atiar.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Quantifying moral foundations from various topics on Twitter conversations
Creators: name: Kaur, Rishemjit
name: Sasahara, Kazutoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Moral foundations theory explains variations in moral behavior using innate moral foundations: Care, Fairness, Ingroup, Authority, and Purity, along with experimental supports. However, little is known about the roles of and relationships between those foundations in everyday moral situations. To address these, we quantify moral foundations from a large amount of online conversations (tweets) about moral topics on the social media site Twitter. We measure moral loadings using latent semantic analysis of tweets related to topics on abortion, homosexuality, immigration, religion, and immorality in general, showing how the five moral foundations function in spontaneous conversations about moral violating situations. The results indicate that although the five foundations are mutually related, Purity is the most distinctive foundation and Care is the most dominant foundation in everyday conversations on immorality. Our study shows a new possibility of natural language processing and social big data for moral psychology.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, The Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Big Data
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Active Trachoma among Children of Rural South Gonder, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Berta, Endale
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2004

description: Trachoma is a chronic communicable kerato-conjunctivitis caused by chlamydia trachomatis. The disease can cause blindness if not treated. There are at least 146 million people in the world suffering from active trachoma, 4.9 million of whom were blinded due to the disease. Studies conducted in Ethiopia on school children showed that trachoma is highly prevalent and a major public health problem. Trachoma is transmitted by flies, fomites and fingers. Numerous studies have demonstrated that limited access to water supplies, low water consumption by the households, and poor personal hygiene especially with regard to facial cleanliness are all risk factors for chlamydia trachomatis. Even though their impact has not been determined, efforts have been exerted to control the transmission of trachoma by the ministry of health and other non-governmental organization. A cross-sectional community-based study was conducted on children 1- 9 years old, residing in three selected rural kebeles with different altitude, in Amhara region- Northern Ethiopia. A total of 1872 children were included in the study. The study showed that the prevalence of active trachoma was found to be 50% in highland area (2501 – 3000ms), 69.9% in medium altitude area (2001 – 2500ms) and 73.8% in low land area (1600 – 2000ms). The difference in prevalence among children residing in the three agro-ecological zones is statistically significant ( 2 = 98.9, p< 0.0001). The result showed that distance from water source and presence of window in cooking place, were found to be positively associated with active trachoma. Negatively associated factors were altitude of residential area, water amount consumed for domestic activities and regular use of soap. In conclusion altitude is significantly associated with, and it is one of the indicators of prevalence of active trachoma. Further detailed studies on the role of altitude on transmission of trachoma are required. Mechanisms to improve face washing habit of children and water accessibility should be considered when designing any trachoma control program. Key words:- prevalence; active trachoma; altitude; risk factors; low land; high land; demographic & economic factors; behavioral & environmental factors; Ethiopia.
Elaborating the Ultimate Fate of Fast Collective Neutrino Flavor Oscillations
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Soumya
name: Dasgupta, Basudeb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dense clouds of neutrinos and antineutrinos can exhibit fast collective flavor oscillations. Previously, in Phys. Rev. Lett. 126 (2021) 061302, we proposed that such flavor oscillations lead to depolarization, i.e., an irreversible mixing of the flavors, whose extent depends on the initial momentum distributions of the different flavors. In this paper, we elaborate and extend this proposal, and compare it with related results in the literature. We present an accurate analytical estimate for the lower resting point of the fast flavor pendulum and underline the relaxation mechanisms, i.e., transverse relaxation, multipole cascade, and mixing of flavor-waves, that cause it to settle down. We estimate the extent of depolarization, its dependence on momentum and net lepton asymmetry, and its generalization to three flavors. Finally, we prescribe approximate analytical recipes for the depolarized distributions and fluxes that can be used in supernova/nucleosynthesis simulations and supernova neutrino phenomenology.
description: v3: Definitions of some quantities and a few extra sentences have been added in Section.II and Section.III for clarity purposes. Matches version published in PRD
Gamma strength function and level density of $^{208}$Pb from forward-angle proton scattering at 295 MeV
Creators: name: Bassauer, S.
name: von Neumann-Cosel, P.
name: Tamii, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma strength functions (GSFs) and level densities (LDs) are essential ingredients of statistical nuclear reaction theory with many applications in astrophysics, reactor design, and waste transmutation. The aim of the present work is a test of systematic parametrizations of the GSF recommended by the RIPL-3 data base for the case of $^{208}$Pb. The upward GSF and LD in $^{208}$Pb are compared to gamma decay data from an Oslo-type experiment to examine the validity of the Brink-Axel (BA) hypothesis. The E1 and M1 parts of the total GSF are determined from high-resolution forward angle inelastic proton scattering data taken at 295 MeV at RCNP, Osaka, Japan. The total LD in $^{208}$Pb is derived from the $1^-$ LD extracted with a fluctuation analysis in the energy region of the isovector giant dipole resonance. The E1 GSF is compared to parametrizations recommended by the RIPL-3 data base showing systematic deficiencies of all models in the energy region around neutron threshold. The new data for the poorly known spinflip M1 resonance call for a substantial revision of the model suggested in RIPL-3. The total GSF derived from the present data is larger in the PDR energy region than the Oslo data but the strong fluctuations due to the low LD resulting from the double shell closure of $^{208}$Pb prevent a conclusion on a possible violation of the BA hypothesis. Using the parameters suggested by RIPL-3 for a description of the LD in $^{208}$Pb with the back-shifted Fermi gas model, remarkable agreement between the two experiments spanning a wide excitation energy range is obtained. Systematic parametrizations of the E1 and M1 GSF parts need to be reconsidered at low excitation energies. The good agreement of LD provides an independent confirmation of the approach underlying the decomposition of GSF and LDs in Oslo-type experiments.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Kernel mirror prox and RKHS gradient flow for mixed functional Nash equilibrium
Creators: name: Dvurechensky, Pavel
name: Zhu, Jia-Jie
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Gradient flow
subject: distributionally robust optimization
subject: Nash equilibrium
subject: optimization
subject: kernel methods
subject: generative models
subject: 90C90
subject: 68Q25
subject: 65K15

description: Kernel mirror prox and RKHS gradient flow for mixed functional Nash equilibrium Pavel Dvurechensky , Jia-Jie Zhu Abstract The theoretical analysis of machine learning algorithms, such as deep generative modeling, motivates multiple recent works on the Mixed Nash Equilibrium (MNE) problem. Different from MNE, this paper formulates the Mixed Functional Nash Equilibrium (MFNE), which replaces one of the measure optimization problems with optimization over a class of dual functions, e.g., the reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) in the case of Mixed Kernel Nash Equilibrium (MKNE). We show that our MFNE and MKNE framework form the backbones that govern several existing machine learning algorithms, such as implicit generative models, distributionally robust optimization (DRO), and Wasserstein barycenters. To model the infinite-dimensional continuous- limit optimization dynamics, we propose the Interacting Wasserstein-Kernel Gradient Flow, which includes the RKHS flow that is much less common than the Wasserstein gradient flow but enjoys a much simpler convexity structure. Time-discretizing this gradient flow, we propose a primal-dual kernel mirror prox algorithm, which alternates between a dual step in the RKHS, and a primal step in the space of probability measures. We then provide the first unified convergence analysis of our algorithm for this class of MKNE problems, which establishes a convergence rate of O(1/N ) in the deterministic case and O(1/√N) in the stochastic case. As a case study, we apply our analysis to DRO, providing the first primal-dual convergence analysis for DRO with probability-metric constraints.
Effects of salmo trutta on galaxias olidus and macroinvertebrates in stream communities
Creators: name: Fletcher, Andrea Ron.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: Comparative Study of Broadband Room Temperature THz Detectors for High and Intermediate Frequency Response
Creators: name: Yadav, Rahul
name: Penirschke, Andreas
name: Preu, Sascha
Publisher: name: JACoW Publishing, Geneva, Switzerland
Year: 2023

description: Room temperature terahertz (THz) detectors based on Field effect transistors (FETs) and Zero-bias Schottky diodes (SD) are prominent members for the temporal-spatial characterization of pulses down to the picosecond scale generated at particle accelerators. Comparative study of in house developed THz detectors both at higher and intermediate frequency (IF) is carried out using table top THz systems and commercially available sources. In this paper, we present high frequency and intermediate frequency (IF) response of Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) FET and Zero-bias Schottky diode THz detectors. The IF results obtained are helpful for understanding and designing of optimized IF circuit with broader bandwidth.
Assessment of Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness in Robe Woreda, Oromia Region, Central Ethiopia
Creators: name: Awel, Muhammed
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2012

description: Background: Globally more than half a million women die annually as a result of complications of pregnancy and childbirth. Ninety-nine percent of these deaths occur in most developing countries like Ethiopia. Obstetric related complications cannot be reliably predicted and it is necessary to use birth preparedness and complication readiness strategies to overcome those problems when they arise. Objective: To assess the knowledge and practices towards birth preparedness and complication readiness and factors associated among women of reproductive age (15-49) in Robe Woreda, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Method: A cross-sectional community-based study supplemented by qualitative design was conducted in January, 2012. A total of 575 women from 5 kebeles were selected using proportionally allocated to population size and interviewed using structured and semi-structured, pre-tested questionnaires. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed. Multivariate analysis was also done to control for possible confounding variables. Results: Data were obtained from 575 mothers, yielding a response rate of 98.97%. Taking into account place of delivery identification, means of transportation, skilled attendant identification and saving money, about 16.5% of the respondents were prepared for birth and its complications. In multivariate analysis, preparation for birth and its complication was higher among educated mothers (AOR= 6.23, 95% CI= 1.5, 25.87), monthly income >716 ETBr (AOR= 1.94, 95% CI= 1.01, 3.87), ANC visit (AOR= 5.68, 95% CI= 1.27, 25.4), knowledge of obstetric complications (AOR= 2.94, 95% CI= 1.61, 5.37) and those who had given birth at health facility before their last delivery (AOR= 3.9, 95% CI= 2.04, 7.46). Conclusion: The study identified poor knowledge and practices of preparation for birth and its complication. Community education about preparation for birth and its complication and empowerment of women through expansion of educational opportunities are important steps in improving birth preparedness. In all health facilities during antenatal care emphasis should given to preparation for birth and its complication and provide information and education to all pregnant women.
ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: The Infrared Excess of UV-selected z=2-10 galaxies as a function of UV-continuum Slope and Stellar Mass
Creators: name: Bouwens, Rychard
name: Aravena, Manuel
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Walter, Fabian
name: da Cunha, Elisabete
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: Bauer, Franz
name: Bertoldi, Frank
name: Carilli, Chris
name: Chapman, Scott
name: Daddi, Emanuele
name: Hodge, Jacqueline
name: Ivison, Rob
name: Karim, Alex
name: Fevre, Olivier Le
name: Magnelli, Benjamin
name: Ota, Kazuaki
name: Riechers, Dominik
name: Smail, Ian
name: van der Werf, Paul
name: Weiss, Axel
name: Cox, Pierre
name: Elbaz, David
name: Gonzalez-Lopez, Jorge
name: Infante, Leopoldo
name: Oesch, Pascal
name: Wagg, Jeff
name: Wilkins, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make use of deep 1.2mm-continuum observations (12.7microJy/beam RMS) of a 1 arcmin^2 region in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field to probe dust-enshrouded star formation from 330 Lyman-break galaxies spanning the redshift range z=2-10 (to ~2-3 Msol/yr at 1sigma over the entire range). Given the depth and area of ASPECS, we would expect to tentatively detect 35 galaxies extrapolating the Meurer z~0 IRX-beta relation to z>~2 (assuming T_d~35 K). However, only 6 tentative detections are found at z>~2 in ASPECS, with just three at >3sigma. Subdividing z=2-10 galaxies according to stellar mass, UV luminosity, and UV-continuum slope and stacking the results, we only find a significant detection in the most massive (>10^9.75 Msol) subsample, with an infrared excess (IRX=L_{IR}/L_{UV}) consistent with previous z~2 results. However, the infrared excess we measure from our large selection of sub-L* (<10^9.75 Msol) galaxies is 0.11(-0.42)(+0.32) and 0.14(-0.14)(+0.15) at z=2-3 and z=4-10, respectively, lying below even an SMC IRX-beta relation (95% confidence). These results demonstrate the relevance of stellar mass for predicting the IR luminosity of z>~2 galaxies. We furthermore find that the evolution of the IRX-stellar mass relationship depends on the evolution of the dust temperature. If the dust temperature increases monotonically with redshift (as (1+z)^0.32) such that T_d~44-50 K at z>=4, current results are suggestive of little evolution in this relationship to z~6. We use these results to revisit recent estimates of the z>~3 SFR density. One less obvious implication is in interpreting the high Halpha EWs seen in z~5 galaxies: our results imply that star-forming galaxies produce Lyman-continuum photons at twice the efficiency (per unit UV luminosity) as implied in conventional models. Star-forming galaxies can then reionize the Universe, even if the escape fraction is <10%.
description: 33 pages, 19 figures, 14 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ, updated to match version in press, paper VI of the ASPECS (ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field) series
Peculiarities of the density of states in SN junctions
Creators: name: Mazanik, A. A.
name: Fominov, Ya. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the density of states (DoS) $ν(E)$ in a normal-metallic (N) film contacted by a bulk superconductor (S). We assume that the system is diffusive and the SN interface is transparent. In the limit of thin N layer (compared to the coherence length), we analytically find three different types of the DoS peculiarity at energy equal to the bulk superconducting order parameter $Δ_0$. (i) In the absence of the inverse proximity effect, the peculiarity has the check-mark form with $ν(Δ_0)=0$ as long as the thickness of the N layer is smaller than a critical value. (ii) When the inverse proximity effect comes into play, the check-mark is immediately elevated so that $ν(Δ_0)>0$. (iii) Upon further increasing of the inverse proximity effect, $ν(E)$ gradually evolves to the vertical peculiarity (with an infinite-derivative inflection point at $E=Δ_0$). This crossover is controlled by a materials-matching parameter which depends on the relative degree of disorder in the S and N materials.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. Version 2: updated Introduction and Conclusions, added Discussion section (on experimental relevance) and references. Final version as published in Annals of Physics
Sustainable policy development in small island development states (SIDS) in the Caribbean: evaluating sustainable economic development and diversification within the agriculture sector in Trinidad and Tobago
Creators: name: Cassie, Dipnarine
Publisher: name: Anglia Ruskin Research Online (ARRO)
Year: 2025

description: The Republic of Trinidad and Tobago is a twin island state within the English-speaking Caribbean, located southernmost of the Lesser Antilles, and comprises of a rich diversity of culture, ethnicities, flora and fauna, and natural resources, mainly oil and gas. It is a small but high-incomed country with a population of 1.3 million people, and has become a major financial centre in the Caribbean.Trinidad and Tobago’s economy is primarily driven by the hydrocarbon and energy sector, which contributes approximately 46% to total GDP. However as with hydrocarbon based or single sector based economies of developing countries, it is essential for sustainable economic diversification and sector development to take place in order to support the country’s economy in times of declining hydrocarbon activity.This thesis aims to examine the gaps that exist within the agriculture policy framework of the agriculture sector of Trinidad and Tobago, to outline and determine the feasibility of developing the sector thereby becoming a significant contributor to economic growth, and to propose recommendations based on the identified gaps within the agriculture policy framework, for sustainable development of the sector.The research takes an interpretivistic epistemology, following a subjective ontology, and an abductive approach towards data collection which were subsequently analysed qualitatively. Primary data were obtained using semi-structured open-ended questions from participants belonging to the three major segments of the agriculture sector where face-to-face interviews including key policy and decision makers, various stakeholders and farmers were conducted, whereas secondary data sources were obtained from statistical reports, government journals and other related reports.The data has indicated that significant gaps exist within the agriculture policy framework of Trinidad and Tobago, preventing the development of the sector, which restricts the sector as a mechanism for sustainable growth. The data also indicate that amendments to the identified gaps, as well as the themes developed and discussed during fulfilment of this research thesis, will ensure the agriculture sector of Trinidad and Tobago can serve as a catalyst to stimulate economic activity, inevitably becoming a valuable contributor to sustainable economic growth of Trinidad and Tobago’s economy.
Archipelago on Lockdown: An Assessment of the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Philippines’ Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) Across the Food Value Chain
Creators: name: Labios, Remund Jordan D.
name: Depositario, Dinah Pura T.
name: Manipol, Nohreen Ethel P.
name: De Guzman, Renen Szilardo C.
name: Velasco, Dia Noelle F.
name: Labios, Remund Jordan D.
name: Depositario, Dinah Pura T.
name: Manipol, Nohreen Ethel P.
name: De Guzman, Renen Szilardo C.
name: Velasco, Dia Noelle F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: agribusiness
subject: COVID-19 pandemic
subject: food value chain
subject: MSMEs

description: The paper examined the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the Philippines’ MSMEs across the food value chain and the strategies that food-based MSMEs employed to cope with disruptions. A food value chain framework was used to analyze the food-based MSMEs, focusing on the input and service provision, production/farming, processing, transport and storage, retailing, and consumption. Results revealed the following: (1) different quarantine protocols across provincial and local boundaries contributed to the complexity of transporting inputs and products; (2) limited mobility of manpower contributed to the challenges of continuing business operations; (3) there was an observed increase in new financing programs and training efforts both from government and private institutions to support MSMEs; and (4) limited mobility spurred the demand for e-commerce and the use of digital technology to address supply chain constraints. Strategies that could improve system-wide adaptiveness and viability during disruptions across the food value chain were also recommended.