cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Engineering of anomalous Josephson effect in coherently coupled Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Matsuo, Sadashige
name: Imoto, Takaya
name: Yokoyama, Tomohiro
name: Sato, Yosuke
name: Lindemann, Tyler
name: Gronin, Sergei
name: Gardner, Geoffrey C.
name: Manfra, Michael J.
name: Tarucha, Seigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Josephson junction (JJ) is a key device in the development of superconducting circuits, wherein a supercurrent in the JJ is controlled by the phase difference between the two superconducting electrodes. Recently, it has been shown that the JJ current is nonlocally controlled by the phase difference of another nearby JJ via coherent coupling. Here, we use the nonlocal control to engineer the anomalous Josephson effect. We observe that a supercurrent is produced by the nonlocal phase control even without any local phase difference, using a quantum interference device. The nonlocal phase control simultaneously generates an offset of a local phase difference giving the JJ ground state. These results provide novel concepts for engineering superconducting devices such as phase batteries and dissipationless rectifiers.
description: 15 pages and 4 figures for the main manuscript, 8 pages and 6 figures for the supplementary information
Supernova Kicks and Misaligned Microquasars
Creators: name: Martin, Rebecca G.
name: Tout, Christopher A.
name: Pringle, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-mass X-ray binary microquasar GRO J1655-40 is observed to have a misalignment between the jets and the binary orbital plane. Since the current black hole spin axis is likely to be parallel to the jets, this implies a misalignment between the spin axis of the black hole and the binary orbital plane. It is likely the black holes formed with an asymmetric supernova which caused the orbital axis to misalign with the spin of the stars. We ask whether the null hypothesis that the supernova explosion did not affect the spin axis of the black hole can be ruled out by what can be deduced about the properties of the explosion from the known system parameters. We find that this null hypothesis cannot be disproved but we find that the most likely requirements to form the system include a small natal black hole kick (of a few tens of km/s) and a relatively wide pre-supernova binary. In such cases the observed close binary system could have formed by tidal circularisation without a common envelope phase.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Superconducting properties of Nb thin films deposited on porous silicon templates
Creators: name: Trezza, M.
name: Prischepa, S. L.
name: Cirillo, C.
name: Fittipaldi, R.
name: Sarno, M.
name: Sannino, D.
name: Ciambelli, P.
name: Hesselberth, M. B. S.
name: Lazarouk, S. K.
name: Dolbik, A. V.
name: Borisenko, V. E.
name: Attanasio, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Porous silicon, obtained by electrochemical etching, has been used as a substrate for the growth of nanoperforated Nb thin films. The films, deposited by UHV magnetron sputtering on the porous Si substrates, inherited their structure made of holes of 5 or 10 nm diameter and of 10 to 40 nm spacing, which provide an artificial pinning structure. The superconducting properties were investigated by transport measurements performed in the presence of magnetic field for different film thickness and substrates with different interpore spacing. Perpendicular upper critical fields measurements present peculiar features such as a change in the H_c2(T) curvature and oscillations in the field dependence of the superconducting resistive transition width at H=1 Tesla. This field value is much higher than typical matching fields in perforated superconductors, as a consequence of the small interpore distance.
description: accepted for publication on Journal of Applied Physics
Zenon Ziółkowski, Biblijny komentarz do Godzinek o Niepokalanym Poczęciu Najświętszej Maryi Panny, seria: Biblioteka Miłośników Biblii, Warszawa 2009
Creators: name: Zawadzki, Ryszard
Publisher: name: Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny
Year: 2020

description: Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny, Vol 21 No 1 (2013)
title: Bildung und Differenzkompetenz
title: Replik auf den Beitrag ‚Zum scheinbar mühelosen Wechsel zwischen Welten‘ von Oliver Reis u.a. (ÖRF 29/1, 89-109)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dressler, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2021

description: „Differenzkompetenz“ ist in Bildungsprozessen als die Fähigkeit zu verstehen,
unterschiedlichen „Modi der Welterschließung“ gerecht zu werden, die als Struktur
eines kanonischen Orientierungswissens die Grundlage moderner Allgemeinbildung
darstellen. Bildungstheoretisch fundierte Religionsdidaktik bezieht sich
auf diese Struktur der Allgemeinbildung. Der Umgang mit den „Modi der Welterschließung“
hat nicht als subjektive „Wahl“ zu erfolgen, sondern als sachgerechte
Urteilsbildung.
description: In terms of Education (Bildung) expertise in differentiation and distinction can
be understood as an ability to deal adequately with several modes of understanding
the world. These different modes of understanding the world represent the
basic structure of modern general education. Religious Education and its
didactics that are rooted in a theory of education based on enlightenment (Bildung)
relate necessarily to this structure of general education. Dealing with different
modes of understanding the world should not work by personal choice
but as a solid process of proper judgement.
description: Schlagworte:
Religionsdidaktik – Differenzkompetenz – Unterschiedliche Modi des Weltverstehens
description: Keywords:
religious education and its didactics – expertise in differentation – different
modes of understanding the world
description: ÖRF 29 (2021) 2, 210–226
Bending Stiffness Collapse, Buckling, Topological Bands of Freestanding Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Wang, Jin
name: Khosravi, Ali
name: Silva, Andrea
name: Fabrizio, Michele
name: Vanossi, Andrea
name: Tosatti, Erio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The freestanding twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) is unstable, below a critical twist angle θ_c~3.7 degrees, against a moire (2 \times 1) buckling distortion at T=0. Realistic simulations reveal the concurrent unexpected collapse of the bending rigidity, an unrelated macroscopic mechanical parameter. An analytical model connects bending and buckling anomalies at T=0, but as temperature rises the former fades, while buckling persists further. The (2 \times 1) electronic properties are also surprising. The magic twist angle narrow bands, now eight in number, fail to show zone boundary splittings despite the new periodicity. Symmetry shows how this is dictated by an effective single valley physics. These structural, critical, and electronic predictions promise to make the freestanding state of TBG especially interesting.
Evaluation of a computer-administered challenging teaching strategy.
Creators: name: Floyd, Ann Rosalind
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study was motivated by the belief that teaching a student in a challenging way would increase his ability to apply what he had learned to new, though related, problems. A specific challenging teaching strategy was chosen, which attempted to challenge all students appropriately, and to give the minimum amount of help. It was administered by the computer, which considerably facilitated the use of such an individualised strategy. The evaluation was done by comparing the effects of the challenging teaching strategy with those of a linear program, also computer-administered. A linear program was considered to exemplify an unchallenging approach. Both programs taught elementary base five arithmetic to Grade Six students, the students being assigned to the programs at random. The effects of the two strategies were then measured by means of a post-test. This aimed at evaluating both the grasp of the basic material and the ability to extrapolate from it to solve new problems in the same general subject area. The results of the post-test showed that both strategies succeeded in teaching the basic material equally well, so that neither strategy gave the student an advantage in this respect. However, the challenged group of students showed far greater ability to extrapolate from the material than did the linear program group, with an average, score over 45% better. This was significant at the .007 level. These results suggest that further investigation of the merits and application of a challenging teaching strategy should be eminently worthwhile.
Abelian duality, walls and boundary conditions in diverse dimensions
Creators: name: Kapustin, Anton
name: Tikhonov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically apply the formalism of duality walls to study the action of duality transformations on boundary conditions and local and nonlocal operators in two, three, and four-dimensional free field theories. In particular, we construct a large class of D-branes for two-dimensional sigma-models with toroidal targets and determine the action of the T-duality group on it. It is manifest in this formalism that T-duality transformations on D-branes are given by a differential-geometric version of the Fourier-Mukai transform.
description: 37 pages, latex
title: Pilgernd Gott und sich selbst im Anderen begegnen
title: Ein Vergleich zweier Projektreisen im Kontext von SpiRiTex — Sacred Spaces, Rituals and Texts in European Teacher Education
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Niedermann, Barbara
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2021

description: Österreichisches Religionspädagogisches Forum 29 (2021) 2 • 227–231
Inelastic neutron scattering studies of the quantum frustrated magnet clinoatacamite, $γ$-Cu2(OD)3Cl, a proposed valence bond solid (VBS)
Creators: name: Wills, A. S.
name: Perring, T. G.
name: Raymond, S.
name: Fak, B.
name: Henry, J. -Y.
name: Telling, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The frustrated magnet clinoatacamite, $γ$-Cu$_2$(OH)$_3$Cl, is attracting a lot of interest after suggestions that at low temperature it forms an exotic quantum state termed a Valence Bond Solid (VBS) made from dimerised Cu$^{2+}$ ($S=1/2$) spins.\cite{Lee_clinoatacamite} Key to the arguments surrounding this proposal were suggestions that the kagomé planes in the magnetic pyrochlore lattice of clinoatacamite are only weakly coupled, causing the system to behave as a quasi-2-dimensional magnet. This was reasoned from the near 95$^\circ$ angles made at the bridging oxygens that mediate exchange between the Cu ions that link the kagomé planes. Recent work pointed out that this exchange model is inappropriate for $γ$-Cu$_2$(OH)$_3$Cl, where the oxygen is present as a $μ_3$-OH.\cite{Wills_JPC} Further, it used symmetry calculations and neutron powder diffraction to show that the low temperature magnetic structure ($T<6$ K) was canted and involved significant spin ordering on all the Cu$^{2+}$ spins, which is incompatible with the interpretation of simultaneous VBS and Néel ordering. Correspondingly, clinoatacamite is best considered a distorted pyrochlore magnet. In this report we show detailed inelastic neutron scattering spectra and revisit the responses of this frustrated quantum magnet.
description: Proceedings of The International Conference on Highly Frustrated Magnetism 2008 (HFM2008)
Matter-gravity entanglement entropy and the second law for black holes
Creators: name: Kay, Bernard S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hawking showed that a black hole formed by collapse will emit radiation and eventually disappear. We address the challenge to define an objective notion of physical entropy which increases throughout this process in a way consistent with unitarity. We have suggested that (instead of coarse-grained entropy) physical entropy is matter-gravity entanglement entropy and that this may offer an explanation of entropy increase both for the black hole collapse and evaporation system and also for other closed unitarily evolving systems. For this to work, the matter-gravity entanglement entropy of the late-time state of black hole evaporation would have to be larger than the entropy of the freshly formed black hole. We argue that this may possibly be the case due to (usually neglected) photon-graviton interactions.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. (Tiny revision of) essay written for the Gravity Research Foundation 2023 Awards for Essays on Gravitation; received an honorable mention. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2206.07445
ACE-DATA: Delivering Added value To Antarctica
Creators: name: Thomas, Jen
name: Schmale, Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition
ACE
ACE-DATA
Data management
Data science
Open data
Open science

description: The ACE-DATA project provided added value to data from the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition (ACE). This poster describes the initial aims of the project, a collaboration between the Paul Scherrer Institute, Swiss Data Science Center and Swiss Polar Institute. This poster was presented at POLAR2018, a joint SCAR and IASC conference.
description: The Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition was funded and made possible by the ACE Foundation and Ferring Pharmaceuticals. ACE-DATA is funded by the Swiss Data Science Center and the Swiss Polar Institute.
description: {"references": ["https://gcmd.gsfc.nasa.gov/KeywordSearch/amd/about_us.html", "http://jupyter.org/", "https://datascience.ch/renku-platform/"]}
Localised Magneto-Optical Collective Excitations of Impure Graphene
Creators: name: Fischer, A. M.
name: Dzyubenko, A. B.
name: Roemer, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study optically-induced collective excitations of graphene in the presence of a strong perpendicular magnetic field and a single impurity. We determine the energies and absorption strengths of these excitations, which become localised on the impurity. Two different types of impurity are considered i. the long-range Coulomb impurity, ii. a delta-function impurity located at either an A or B graphene sublattice site. Both impurity types result in some bound states appearing both above and below the magnetoplasmon continuum, although the effect of the short-range impurity is less pronounced. The dependence of the energies and oscillator strengths of the bound states on the filling factor is investigated.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Ann. Phys. (Leipzig)
Tight lower bounds on the time it takes to generate a geometric phase
Creators: name: Hörnedal, Niklas
name: Sönnerborn, Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric phase is a concept of central importance in virtually every branch of physics. In this paper, we show that the evolution time of a cyclically evolving quantum system is restricted by the system's energy resources and the geometric phase acquired by the state. Specifically, we derive and examine three tight lower bounds on the time required to generate any prescribed Aharonov-Anandan geometric phase. The derivations are based on recent results on the geometric character of the Mandelstam-Tamm and Margolus-Levitin quantum speed limits.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, identical to the published article
Dirichlet's problem, conformal mapping and complete sets in Hilbert space.
Creators: name: Howroyd, TD
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: First Part: One of the proofs of Poisson's formula is analysed. This leads readily to a method of solving Dirichlet's problem explicitly in some new cases. The solution of Dirichlet's problem is equivalent to the conformal mapping of some given simply connected region on the interior of a circle. The new method for the solution of Dirichlet's problem is tested by the conformal mapping of an ellipse on a circle. Thus a result previously found by a different method by Szego is confirmed.
Giant planets around low-mass stars: a challenge for core accretion theory
Creators: name: Schlecker, Martin
name: Burn, Remo
name: Sabotta, Silvia
name: Seifert, Antonia
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Emsenhuber, Alexandre
name: Mordasini, Christoph
name: Reffert, Sabine
name: Shan, Yu Tong
name: Klahr, Hubert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Exoplanets
Protoplanetary disks
Planet population synthesis
Low-mass stars
Radial velocity technique
Occurrence rates
Core accretion
Giant planets
Planet formation

description: Planet formation is sensitive to the environment in protoplanetary disks, for which scaling laws as a function of stellar mass are known. Can the observed population of planets around low-mass stars be explained by these trends or is there evidence for separate formation channels? We explored this question by confronting state-of-the-art planet formation theory with a sample of planets observed by the HARPS and CARMENES radial velocity (RV) surveys. To account for detection biases, we performed injection-and-retrieval experiments on the actual RV data to produce synthetic observations of planets that we simulated following the core accretion paradigm. We find that these simulations robustly reproduce the observed high occurrence of rocky worlds around low-mass stars. On the other hand, while planet formation theories consistently predict a strong stellar mass-giant planet occurrence correlation, we observe a population of giant planets around stars less massive than 0.4 solar masses that can not be reconciled with theory. This may point to a different giant planet formation channel around very low-mass stars.
The Leximin Approach for a Sequence of Collective Decisions
Creators: name: Kahana, Ido
name: Hazon, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many situations, several agents need to make a sequence of decisions. For example, a group of workers that needs to decide where their weekly meeting should take place. In such situations, a decision-making mechanism must consider fairness notions. In this paper, we analyze the fairness of three known mechanisms: round-robin, maximum Nash welfare, and leximin. We consider both offline and online settings, and concentrate on the fairness notion of proportionality and its relaxations. Specifically, in the offline setting, we show that the three mechanisms fail to find a proportional or approximate-proportional outcome, even if such an outcome exists. We thus introduce a new fairness property that captures this requirement, and show that a variant of the leximin mechanism satisfies the new fairness property. In the online setting, we show that it is impossible to guarantee proportionality or its relaxations. We thus consider a natural restriction on the agents' preferences, and show that the leximin mechanism guarantees the best possible additive approximation to proportionality and satisfies all the relaxations of proportionality.
Deciphering the physical basis of the intermediate-scale instability
Creators: name: Shalaby, Mohamad
name: Thomas, Timon
name: Pfrommer, Christoph
name: Lemmerz, Rouven
name: Bresci, Virginia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the underlying physics of cosmic-ray (CR) driven instabilities that play a crucial role for CR transport across a wide range of scales, from interstellar to galaxy cluster environments. By examining the linear dispersion relation of CR-driven instabilities in a magnetised electron-ion background plasma, we establish that both, the intermediate and gyroscale instabilities have a resonant origin and show that these resonances can be understood via a simple graphical interpretation. These instabilities destabilise wave modes parallel to the large-scale background magnetic field at significantly distinct scales and with very different phase speeds. Furthermore, we show that approximating the electron-ion background plasma with either magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) or Hall-MHD fails to capture the fastest growing instability in the linear regime, namely the intermediate-scale instability. This finding highlights the importance of accurately characterising the background plasma for resolving the most unstable wave modes. Finally, we discuss the implications of the different phase speeds of unstable modes on particle-wave scattering. Further work is needed to investigate the relative importance of these two instabilities in the non-linear, saturated regime and to develop a physical understanding of the effective CR transport coefficients in large-scale CR hydrodynamics theories.
description: 13 pages + references, 4 figures. To appear in JPP Letters
The effect of social skills training on social isolation and achievement in children
Creators: name: Hyslop, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: A number of studies have examined the link between social isolation and underachievement in children. In the present study, after a preliminary check had consolidated the link between the two variables, three main groups were formed from children who scored in the lowest one-third in their class, on a Social Acceptance Sociometric Scale. Thirty-six poorly accepted children were assigned to Social Skills Training Group A, Placebo Attention Group B, and a Waiting List Control Group C. A number of variables such as class, grade, sex, reading achievement and social acceptance. were balanced when forming the groups. Each child was individually tested, pre-and post-treatment; in Reading Accuracy and Reading Comprehension, and all thirty-six children were post-tested on the same sociometric scale. It was hypothesised that Treatment Group A would significantly improve in their Social Acceptance by peers, in Reading Accuracy and Comprehension, when compared to the two control groups. Eight ninety-minute Social Skills Training/Attention Placebo sessions were conducted over a four-week period, for Groups A and B . respectively. Post-tests took place two weeks later. Using Planned Comparisons the mean Gain Scores of all groups were analysed. Results indicated that Group A improved significantly when compared to Group C on the Social Acceptance variable, but just failed to reach significance when compared to Group B. It should be noted that the pre-test mean of Social Acceptance scores for Group A was considerably higher than for other groups as this variable was the least well matched among the groups. Therefore there must be some degree of caution in interpreting the results. In Reading Accuracy, Group A improved significantly when compared to both Groups B and C, although Group B showed improvement. In Reading Comprehension Group A improved significantly when compared to the top Group C but did not differ markedly from the results of Group B. This unclear result is discussed. It is suggested that Social Skills Training for primary school social isolates can lead to an improvement in both peer acceptance and achievement. Educational implications are discussed. Finally further research directions are proposed.
Generalized composition law from 2x2 matrices
Creators: name: Giust, R.
name: Vigoureux, J. -M.
name: Lages, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many results that are difficult can be found more easily by using a generalization in the complex plane of Einstein's addition law of parallel velocities. Such a generalization is a natural way to add quantities that are limited to bounded values. We show how this generalization directly provides phase factors such as the Wigner angle in special relativity and how this generalization is connected in the simplest case with the composition of 2x2 S matrices.
description: Accepted for publication in Am. J. Phys
Superconductivity with high upper critical field in Ta-Hf Alloys
Creators: name: Meena, P. K.
name: Jangid, S.
name: Kushwaha, R. K.
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High upper-critical field superconducting alloys are required for superconducting device applications. In this study, we extensively characterized the structure and superconducting properties of alloys Ta$_{x}$ Hf$_{1-x}$ (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.8). The substitution of Hf (T$_{C}$ = 0.12 K, type-I superconductor) with Ta (T$_{C}$ = 4.4 K, type-I superconductor) shows an anomalous enhancement of T$_{C}$ with variation of composition. Interestingly, all compositions exhibited strongly coupled bulk type-II superconductivity with a high upper critical field. In particular, for compositions x = 0.2, and 0.4, the upper critical field (H$_{C2}$) approached the Pauli limiting field.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
MOESM1 of Inter-site harmonization based on dual generative adversarial networks for diffusion tensor imaging: application to neonatal white matter development
Creators: name: Zhong, Jie
name: Wang, Ying
name: Li, Jie
name: Xue, Xuetong
name: Liu, Simin
name: Wang, Miaomiao
name: Gao, Xinbo
name: Wang, Quan
name: Yang, Jian
name: Li, Xianjun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Hematology
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Relationship between inter-site differences and averaged fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the white matter region. r: Pearson correlation coefficient.
Work fluctuations in a nematic liquid crystal
Creators: name: Joubaud, Sylvain
name: Huillard, Guillaume
name: Petrosyan, Artyom
name: Ciliberto, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orientation fluctuations of the director of a liquid crystal are measured, by a sensitive polarization interferometer, close to the Fréedericksz transition, which is a second order transition driven by an electric field. Using mean field theory, we define the work injected into the system by a change of the electric field and we calibrate it using Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem. We show that the work fluctuations satisfy the Transient Fluctuation Theorem. An analytical justification of this result is given. The open problems for the out of equilibrium case are finally discussed.
description: to be published in JSTAT: theory and experiments
Bp Andrzej Siemieniewski, Skąd się wziął świat? Historyczne lekcje duchowości scjentystycznej, Wydawnictwo TUM, Wrocław 2012
Creators: name: Kiwka, Mirosław
Publisher: name: Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny
Year: 2020

description: Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny, Vol 21 No 1 (2013)
Kinetic Friction of Structurally Superlubric 2D Material Interfaces
Creators: name: Wang, Jin
name: Ma, Ming
name: Tosatti, Erio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultra-low kinetic friction F_k of 2D structurally superlubric interfaces, connected with the fast motion of the incommensurate moiré pattern, is often invoked for its linear increase with velocity v_0 and area A, but never seriously addressed and calculated so far. Here we do that, exemplifying with a twisted graphene layer sliding on top of bulk graphite -- a demonstration case that could easily be generalized to other systems. Neglecting quantum effects and assuming a classical Langevin dynamics, we derive friction expressions valid in two temperature regimes. At low temperatures the nonzero sliding friction velocity derivative dF_k/dv_0 is shown by Adelman-Doll-Kantorovich type approximations to be equivalent to that of a bilayer whose substrate is affected by an analytically derived effective damping parameter, replacing the semi-infinite substrate. At high temperatures, friction grows proportional to temperature as analytically required by fluctuation-dissipation. The theory is validated by non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations with different contact areas, velocities, twist angles and temperatures. Using 6^{\circ}-twisted graphene on Bernal graphite as a prototype we find a shear stress of measurable magnitude, from 25 kPa at low temperature to 260 kPa at room temperature, yet only at high sliding velocities such as 100 m/s. However, it will linearly drop many orders of magnitude below measurable values at common experimental velocities such as 1 μm/s, a factor 10^{-8} lower. The low but not ultra-low "engineering superlubric" friction measured in existing experiments should therefore be attributed to defects and/or edges, whose contribution surpasses by far the negligible moiré contribution.
description: submitted to Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids
Phase-transition driven memristive system
Creators: name: Driscoll, Tom
name: Kim, Hyun-Tak
name: Chae, Byung-Gyu
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Memristors are passive circuit elements which behave as resistors with memory. The recent experimental realization of a memristor has triggered interest in this concept and its possible applications. Here, we demonstrate memristive response in a thin film of Vanadium Dioxide. This behavior is driven by the insulator-to-metal phase transition typical of this oxide. We discuss several potential applications of our device, including high density information storage. Most importantly, our results demonstrate the potential for a new realization of memristive systems based on phase transition phenomena.
Henryk Piluś, Antropologia filozoficzna neotomizmu, Wydawnictwo Vizja Press & IT, Warszawa 2010
Creators: name: Mrzygłód, Piotr
Publisher: name: Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny
Year: 2020

description: Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny, Vol 21 No 1 (2013)
Confirmation of and Variable Energy Injection by a Near-Relativistic Outflow in APM 08279+5255
Creators: name: Chartas, G.
name: Saez, C.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Giustini, M.
name: Garmire, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from multi-epoch spectral analysis of XMM-Newton and Chandra observations of the broad absorption line (BAL) quasar APM 08279+5255. Our analysis shows significant X-ray BALs in all epochs with rest-frame energies lying in the range of ~ 6.7-18 keV. The X-ray BALs and 0.2-10 keV continuum show significant variability on timescales as short as 3.3 days (proper time) implying a source size-scale of ~ 10 r_g, where r_g is the gravitational radius. We find a large gradient in the outflow velocity of the X-ray absorbers with projected outflow velocities of up to 0.76 c. The maximum outflow velocity constrains the angle between the wind velocity and our line of sight to be less than ~ 22 degrees. We identify the following components of the outflow: (a) Highly ionized X-ray absorbing material (2.9 < logxi < 3.9) and a column density of log N_H ~ 23 outflowing at velocities of up to 0.76 c. (b) Low-ionization X-ray absorbing gas with log N_H ~ 22.8. We find that flatter spectra appear to result in lower outflow velocities. Based on our spectral analysis of observations of APM 08279+5255 over a period of 1.2 years (proper time) we estimate the mass-outflow rate and efficiency of the outflow to have varied between 16(-8,+12) M_solar yr^-1 and 64(-40,+66) M_solar yr^-1 and 0.18(-0.11,+0.15) to 1.7(-1.2+1.9), respectively. Assuming that the outflow properties of APM 08279+5255 are a common property of most quasars at similar redshifts, our results then imply that quasar winds are massive and energetic enough to influence significantly the formation of the host galaxy, provide significant metal enrichment to the interstellar medium and intergalactic medium, and are a viable mechanism for feedback at redshifts near the peak in the number density of galaxy mergers.
description: 27 pages, includes 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
„People like us“ : A Science Poetry Slam for Young Muslims
Creators: name: Humm, Christian
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: science communication
wissenschaftskommunikation
inclusion
inklusion

description: The audiences of science communication in the West activities are often predominantly male, older, highly educated, socio-economically better off, and have a white ethnic background (e.g. Dawson 2019: 67). Other demographic groups in society are underrepresented, and often it is not even known in detail who the not reached groups are (Schrögel et al. 2018). In order to improve this situation, science communication practice has to change and give excluded audiences more space on and in front of the stage. In this lightning talk, I will give insights into a pilot format trying to achieve this: a science poetry slam with and for young Muslims with a migration background in Germany. We developed, implemented, and evaluated the slam together with young Muslims from Berlin. They reported that they are missing „people like us” in science (communication), thus the slam aimed to get them in touch with role models from their community by inviting both science and poetry slammer with a migration background to perform at the event. The talk will present findings regarding the design, implementation, and evaluation of the slam — what worked and what didn’t.
Wage structure and the wage determining process for six British Columbia industries.
Creators: name: Colli, Terry Ross
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis is an attempt to combine two opposing arguments which have appeared in the literature of labour economics for nearly 25 years. The analysis deals with the formulation of a collective bargaining model which yields some insight into the wage-determining process. The economic criteria for a wage settlement proposed by J. T. Dunlop in his book, Wage Determination Under Trade Unions, are combined with the 'political' or 'power' variables which A. M. Ross had advocated as the most important determinants of wages in his book, Trade Union Wage Policy. The result is an analysis very similar to that of recent bargaining theory studies. Six industries from the British Columbia economy are examined within the concept of the model developed. These industries produce a major part of the output of this region. The examination of these industries, therefore, provides a key to the comprehension of the general trends and forces at work in the British Columbia labour market. The model attempts to discover the variables most significant in explaining the movement of wages in each industry from 1948 to 1968. The variables examined represent a combination of the economic and political forces which are hypothesized to act upon the wage determination process. In addition, the thesis examines those industries in the-context of a general wage structure. It is hypothesized that the existence of such a structure plays a large role in the wage determining process and has a significant influence upon trends in the economic activity of the province. The end result will be an explanation of the single and collective wage movements of these six industries. The findings generally support the theoretical hypothesis that the wage determining process is subject to both political and economic forces. Economic variables are able to confine wage settlements within a range. The size of this range also depends upon economic forces. Within the range, however, bargaining may involve a multiplicity of criteria. Both the union and the firm will often choose some easily observable criteria upon which to base wage settlements. This study attempts to determine the main criteria chosen within each industry. The conclusions reached show that wage comparisons made among industries by both workers and employers are able to explain the largest part of wage movements. A bargaining theory model is supported and ample evidence of a wage structure which plays an important role in the wage determining process is found.
title: Rezension zu: Schweitzer, Friedrich / Wolking, Lena / Boschki, Reinhold (Hg.): Interkulturell-interreligiös sensible Bildung in Kindertageseinrichtungen, Münster: Waxmann 2020 (= Interreligiöse und Interkulturelle Bildung im Kindesalter 8).
Creators: name: Brandstetter, Bettina
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2021

description: Österreichisches Religionspädagogisches Forum 29 (2021) 2 • 232–236
An observer's perspective of the Unruh and Hawking effects -- using coherent signals to extract information from a black hole
Creators: name: Ramakrishna, Satish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Unruh effect is one of the first calculations of what one would see when transiting between an inertial reference frame with its quantum field vacuum state and a non-inertial (specifically, uniformly accelerating) reference frame. The inertial reference frame's vacuum state would not correspond to the vacuum state of the non-inertial frame and the observer in that frame would see radiation, with a corresponding Bose distribution and a temperature proportional to the acceleration (in natural units).
 In this paper, I compute the response of this non-inertial observer to a single frequency mode in the inertial frame and deduce that, indeed, the cumulative distribution (over the observer's proper time) of frequencies observed by the accelerating observer would be the Bose distribution with a temperature proportional to the acceleration. The conclusion is that the Unruh effect (and the related Hawking effect) is generic, in that it would appear with any incoming incoherent state and the Bose distribution is obtained as a consequence of the non-inertial frame's motion, rather than some special property of the quantum vacuum. As a consequence of the analysis of a coherent set of signals, I show to extract information from the spectrum that an accelerated observer would see (as well as from the radiation from a black hole).
description: EPL 2023
MOESM2 of Inter-site harmonization based on dual generative adversarial networks for diffusion tensor imaging: application to neonatal white matter development
Creators: name: Zhong, Jie
name: Wang, Ying
name: Li, Jie
name: Xue, Xuetong
name: Liu, Simin
name: Wang, Miaomiao
name: Gao, Xinbo
name: Wang, Quan
name: Yang, Jian
name: Li, Xianjun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Inter-site differences in mean diffusivity (MD) and the performance of Dual GANs (axial) on the MD metric. Dual GANs (axial) indicates the harmonization performed by using dual generative adversarial networks with the 2 dimensional kernel on axial slices. For inter-site comparisons after harmonization, differences with P < 0.05 in any run of the sixfold cross-validation are overlaid together on the template map. Absolute errors and root mean square errors (RMSE) after harmonization have been averaged over different runs of the sixfold cross-validation.
A comprehensive review of 3D convolutional neural network-based classification techniques of diseased and defective crops using non-UAV-based hyperspectral images
Creators: name: Noshiri, Nooshin
name: Beck, Michael A.
name: Bidinosti, Christopher P.
name: Henry, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a non-destructive and contactless technology that provides valuable information about the structure and composition of an object. It can capture detailed information about the chemical and physical properties of agricultural crops. Due to its wide spectral range, compared with multispectral- or RGB-based imaging methods, HSI can be a more effective tool for monitoring crop health and productivity. With the advent of this imaging tool in agrotechnology, researchers can more accurately address issues related to the detection of diseased and defective crops in the agriculture industry. This allows to implement the most suitable and accurate farming solutions, such as irrigation and fertilization before crops enter a damaged and difficult-to-recover phase of growth in the field. While HSI provides valuable insights into the object under investigation, the limited number of HSI datasets for crop evaluation presently poses a bottleneck. Dealing with the curse of dimensionality presents another challenge due to the abundance of spectral and spatial information in each hyperspectral cube. State-of-the-art methods based on 1D- and 2D-CNNs struggle to efficiently extract spectral and spatial information. On the other hand, 3D-CNN-based models have shown significant promise in achieving better classification and detection results by leveraging spectral and spatial features simultaneously. Despite the apparent benefits of 3D-CNN-based models, their usage for classification purposes in this area of research has remained limited. This paper seeks to address this gap by reviewing 3D-CNN-based architectures and the typical deep learning pipeline, including preprocessing and visualization of results, for the classification of hyperspectral images of diseased and defective crops. Furthermore, we discuss open research areas and challenges when utilizing 3D-CNNs with HSI data.
The Shining Future of UV Spectral Synthesis
Creators: name: Pellerin, Anne
name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the coming generation of instruments and telescopes capable of spectroscopy of high redshift galaxies, the spectral synthesis technique in the rest-frame UV and Far-UV range will become one of a few number of tools remaining to study their young stellar populations in detail. The rest-frame UV lines and continuum of high redshift galaxies, observed with visible and infrared telescopes on Earth, can be used for accurate line profile fitting such as PV@1118,1128A, CIII@1176A, and CIV@1550A. These lines are very precise diagnostic tools to estimate ages, metallicities, and masses of stellar populations. Here we discuss the potential for spectral synthesis of rest-frame UV spectra obtained at the Keck telescope. As an example, we study the 8 o'clock arc, a lensed galaxy at z=2.7322. We show that the poor spectral type coverage of the actual UV empirical spectral libraries limits the age and metallicity diagnostic. In order to improve our knowledge of high redshift galaxies using spectral synthesis, UV stellar libraries need to be extended to obtain accurate age, metallicity, and mass estimates likely to be occuring in young stellar populations observed in the early universe.
description: To be published in the IAU Symposium 262 proceeding. 4 pages, 1 figure
The archetypal quest and Moby-Dick : Melville's \ecological cosmic democracy\""
Creators: name: Jenkins, M
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The quest is an archetypal theme of myth and literature, one which indicates the dreams, ideas and beliefs of a society. Our myths, and our literature, contribute to the way we are today, how we are shaped, how we think, and how we act. \Intentionally or accidentally [they have] been a major source of the models used to perpetuate our past\". Much can be learnt from the wisdoms of these stories. However we need to be aware of the fact that the dominant recorders of society's myths literature and history including the Bible have been men who in many instances have been able to achieve political and social ends by the manipulation of these recordings. Today we have the patriarchal technocratic inverted quest for domination and 'progress' at the cost of nature; and opposed to this the ecosophic quest: that of \"ecologically wise action and ecological wisdom\" which seeks to regain harmony and egalitarian relationships between man and man man and woman and humankind and nature. The questers of Herman Melville's Moby-Dick Captain Ahab and Ishmael in their opposite roles (one heading towards disaster and the other towards survival) can be seen to represent the two kinds of quests described. Ahab is the tragic hero-quester. He is capable of greatness but is flawed by hubris and his dark desire for vengeance against the whale which has dismembered him Moby Dick. Ishmael the narrator of the novel turns away from Ahab's mad inverted quest. His progressive insights his bonding with his dark partner and his acknowledgement of the whale as a fellow being contribute to his 'democratic' attitude and to his survival. It is through Ishmael's eyes that we see Melville's \"ecological cosmic democracy\". If we are to change our direction from its present course which seems to be one directed towards disaster we need to learn from the past but with a reminder of how the past has been transmitted to us. We need to actively strive towards reshaping our future so that we perpetuate archetypes that are nature oriented. We need to consciously re-verse and re-quest a shaping of our present and our future bearing in mind Melville's reminder of the \"obstinate survival of old beliefs\". Change will occur only with a change of our thinking patterns: The borders of our minds are ever shifting And many minds can flow into one another ... And create or reveal a single mind a single energy. (W.B.Yeats)."
The fundamental lemma of Jacquet-Rallis in positive characteristics
Creators: name: Yun, Zhiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H60; 22E35; 14F20

description: We prove both the group version and the Lie algebra version of the Fundamental Lemma appearing in a relative trace formula of Jacquet-Rallis in the function field case when the characteristic is greater than the rank of the relevant groups.
description: 40 pages; Both the group Version and the Lie algebra version are proved