cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Uncovering the Podocyte Foot Process Proteome
Creators: name: Imseis, Zachary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Podocytes are highly specialized epithelial cells of the kidney glomerulus. Podocytes’ long protrusions, called foot processes, connect to each other at specialized junctions called slit diaphragms (SD), which are essential for the filtration function of the glomerulus. Glomerular breakdown primarily due to podocyte integrity loss is the most common clinical observation in kidney disease. Due in part to the inaccessibility of the SD to conventional biochemical methods, only a small number of proteins are known to localize to the SD. We hypothesize that unidentified components of the slit diaphragm are integral to podocyte integrity and kidney function. Proximity-Dependent Biotin Identification (BioID) was used to determine proteins associated with endogenous podocin/NPHS2, a well-documented SD protein. We identified an Immunoglobulin-like domain-containing receptor 2 (Ildr2) and a Formin-binding protein 1-like (Fnbp1l) as two novel proteins of the podocyte foot process. Recent data from sc-RNAseq databases suggest that Ildr2 is expressed in human podocytes, localizes in the SD, and plays a crucial role in podocyte integrity. Ongoing work aims to test the importance of these factors in vertebrate kidney function. By investigating the cellular role of SD proteins such as Ildr2 and Fnbp1l, we can better understand the causes of renal disease at the molecular level.
Urine 1,6-Hexamethylene Diamine (HDA) Levels Among Workers Exposed to 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate (HDI)
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Urinary 1,6-hexamethylene diamine (HDA) may serve as a biomarker for systemic exposure to 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) in occupationally exposed populations. However, the quantitative relationships between dermal and inhalation exposure to HDI and urine HDA levels have not been established. We measured acid-hydrolyzed urine HDA levels along with dermal and breathing-zone levels of HDI in 48 automotive spray painters. These measurements were conducted over the course of an entire workday for up to three separate workdays that were spaced approximately 1 month apart. One urine sample was collected before the start of work with HDI-containing paints and subsequent samples were collected during the workday. HDA levels varied throughout the day and ranged from nondetectable to 65.9 μg l−1 with a geometric mean and geometric standard deviation of 0.10 μg l−1 ± 6.68. Dermal exposure and inhalation exposure levels, adjusted for the type of respirator worn, were both significant predictors of urine HDA levels in the linear mixed models. Creatinine was a significant covariate when used as an independent variable along with dermal and respirator-adjusted inhalation exposure. Consequently, exposure assessment models must account for the water content of a urine sample. These findings indicate that HDA exhibits a biphasic elimination pattern, with a half-life of 2.9 h for the fast elimination phase. Our results also indicate that urine HDA level is significantly associated with systemic HDI exposure through both the skin and the lungs. We conclude that urinary HDA may be used as a biomarker of exposure to HDI, but biological monitoring should be tailored to reliably capture the intermittent exposure pattern typical in this industry.
MILLIY TAOMLAR BILAN BOG'LIQ ETNOGRAFIZMLAR
Creators: name: Khabibullayeva, Gavhar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: O‘zbek xalqi — pazandalik hadisini olgan xalq. Uning milliy taomlari juda ko‘p va rang-barangdir. Qadimdan har bir taom yeyilgach, unga bag‘ishlab maxsus olqish aytilgan.
Finding zeros of the Riemann zeta function by periodic driving of cold atoms
Creators: name: Creffield, C. E.
name: Sierra, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Riemann hypothesis, which states that the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function all lie on a certain line in the complex plane, is one of the most important unresolved problems in mathematics. Inspired by the Pólya-Hilbert conjecture, we propose a new approach to finding a physical system to study the Riemann zeros, which in contrast to previous examples, is based on applying a time-periodic driving field. This driving allows us to mould the quasienergies of the system (the analogue of the eigenenergies in the absence of driving), so that they are directly governed by the zeta function. We further show by numerical simulations that this allows the Riemann zeros to be measured in currently accessible cold atom experiments.
description: 6 pages, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Evaluation of the COSHH Essentials Model with a Mixture of Organic Chemicals at a Medium-Sized Paint Producer
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) Essentials model was evaluated using full-shift exposure measurements of five chemical components in a mixture [acetone, ethylbenzene, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, and xylenes] at a medium-sized plant producing paint materials. Two tasks, batch-making and bucket-washing, were examined. Varying levels of control were already established in both tasks and the average exposures of individual chemicals were considerably lower than the regulatory and advisory 8-h standards. The average exposure fractions using the additive mixture formula were also less than unity (batch-making: 0.25, bucket-washing: 0.56) indicating the mixture of chemicals did not exceed the combined occupational exposure limit (OEL). The paper version of the COSHH Essentials model was used to calculate a predicted exposure range (PER) for each chemical according to different levels of control. The estimated PERs of the tested chemicals for both tasks did not show consistent agreement with exposure measurements when the comparison was made for each control method and this is believed to be because of the considerably different volatilities of the chemicals. Given the combination of health hazard and exposure potential components, the COSHH Essentials model recommended a control approach ‘special advice’ for both tasks, based on the potential reproductive hazard ascribed to toluene. This would not have been the same conclusion if some other chemical had been substituted (for example styrene, which has the same threshold limit value as toluene). Nevertheless, it was special advice, which had led to the combination of hygienic procedures in place at this plant. The probability of the combined exposure fractions exceeding unity was 0.0002 for the batch-making task indicating that the employees performing this task were most likely well protected below the OELs. Although the employees involved in the bucket-washing task had greater potential to exceed the threshold limit value of the mixture (P > 1 = 0.2375), the expected personal exposure after adjusting for the assigned protection factor for the respirators in use would be considerably lower (P > 1 = 0.0161). Thus, our findings suggested that the COSHH essentials model worked reasonably well for the volatile organic chemicals at the plant. However, it was difficult to override the reproductive hazard even though it was meant to be possible in principle. Further, it became apparent that an input of existing controls, which is not possible in the web-based model, may have allowed the model be more widely applicable. The experience of using the web-based COSHH Essentials model generated some suggestions to provide a more user-friendly tool to the model users who do not have expertise in occupational hygiene.
Eddy current interactions in a Ferromagnet-Normal metal bilayer structure, and its impact on ferromagnetic resonance lineshapes
Creators: name: Flovik, Vegard
name: Macià, Ferran
name: Kent, Andrew D.
name: Wahlström, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of eddy currents on ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in ferromagnet-normal metal (FM/NM) bilayer structures. Eddy-current effects are usually neglected for NM layer thicknesses below the microwave (MW) skin depth (approx. 800 nm for Au at 10 GHz). However, we show that in much thinner NM layers (10-100 nm of Au or Cu) they induce a phase shift in the FMR excitation when the MW driving field has a component perpendicular to the sample plane. This results in a strong asymmetry of the measured absorption lines. In contrast to typical eddy-current effects, the asymmetry is larger for thinner NM layers and is tunable through changing the sample geometry and the NM layer thickness.
description: Accepted for publication in J. Appl. Phys
Comparison of Methods for Analyzing Left-Censored Occupational Exposure Data
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) is conducting an epidemiologic study (GuLF STUDY) to investigate the health of the workers and volunteers who participated from April to December of 2010 in the response and cleanup of the oil release after the Deepwater Horizon explosion in the Gulf of Mexico. The exposure assessment component of the study involves analyzing thousands of personal monitoring measurements that were collected during this effort. A substantial portion of these data has values reported by the analytic laboratories to be below the limits of detection (LOD). A simulation study was conducted to evaluate three established methods for analyzing data with censored observations to estimate the arithmetic mean (AM), geometric mean (GM), geometric standard deviation (GSD), and the 95th percentile (X0.95) of the exposure distribution: the maximum likelihood (ML) estimation, the β-substitution, and the Kaplan–Meier (K-M) methods. Each method was challenged with computer-generated exposure datasets drawn from lognormal and mixed lognormal distributions with sample sizes (N) varying from 5 to 100, GSDs ranging from 2 to 5, and censoring levels ranging from 10 to 90%, with single and multiple LODs. Using relative bias and relative root mean squared error (rMSE) as the evaluation metrics, the β-substitution method generally performed as well or better than the ML and K-M methods in most simulated lognormal and mixed lognormal distribution conditions. The ML method was suitable for large sample sizes (N ≥ 30) up to 80% censoring for lognormal distributions with small variability (GSD = 2–3). The K-M method generally provided accurate estimates of the AM when the censoring was <50% for lognormal and mixed distributions. The accuracy and precision of all methods decreased under high variability (GSD = 4 and 5) and small to moderate sample sizes (N < 20) but the β-substitution was still the best of the three methods. When using the ML method, practitioners are cautioned to be aware of different ways of estimating the AM as they could lead to biased interpretation. A limitation of the β-substitution method is the absence of a confidence interval for the estimate. More research is needed to develop methods that could improve the estimation accuracy for small sample sizes and high percent censored data and also provide uncertainty intervals.
A Study of Double Strand Break End Joining Repair Through Temporal Control of Cas9 Cleavage Kinetics
Creators: name: Pinkelton, Cameron
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) are toxic genomic lesions that require accurate and efficient repair to maintain genome integrity and cell viability. Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and polymerase theta mediated end joining (TMEJ) are two mechanisms of repairing double strand DNA breaks which are known to leave distinguishable genomic scars (insertions and deletions). Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) systems have been used extensively to study chromosomal DSB repair mechanisms, but variability in Cas9 cleavage kinetics at different genomic loci has presented challenges in studying finer aspects of these pathways, as well as the interplay between them. The goal of this work was to develop methods to synchronously and accurately induce double strand breaks at specific genomic loci using specialized CRISPR-Cas9 systems. We employ nitrophenyl-O-methyl (NPOM) modifications in the guide RNA, which can be cleaved by exposure to ultraviolet (365 nm) light. This system provides temporal control over Cas9 activity, allowing us to analyze kinetics of cleavage by Cas9 and repair by end joining pathways. Two different constructions of NPOM modification allow us to either activate or deactivate Cas9 cleavage in cells, restricting the generation of DSBs in a temporal manner. These systems provide unprecedented flexibility which allows us to explore single molecule break events with respect to the kinetics and frequency of NHEJ and TMEJ repair events at various genetic loci, and how DNA repair mechanism varies across the cell cycle.
A Comparison of the β-Substitution Method and a Bayesian Method for Analyzing Left-Censored Data
Creators: name: Stewart, Patricia A.
name: Quick, Harrison
name: Blair, Aaron
name: Kwok, Richard K.
name: Engel, Lawrence S.
name: Ramachandran, Gurumurthy
name: Stenzel, Mark
name: Banerjee, Sudipto
name: Huynh, Tran
name: Sandler, Dale P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Classical statistical methods for analyzing exposure data with values below the detection limits are well described in the occupational hygiene literature, but an evaluation of a Bayesian approach for handling such data is currently lacking. Here, we first describe a Bayesian framework for analyzing censored data. We then present the results of a simulation study conducted to compare the β-substitution method with a Bayesian method for exposure datasets drawn from lognormal distributions and mixed lognormal distributions with varying sample sizes, geometric standard deviations (GSDs), and censoring for single and multiple limits of detection. For each set of factors, estimates for the arithmetic mean (AM), geometric mean, GSD, and the 95th percentile (X0.95) of the exposure distribution were obtained. We evaluated the performance of each method using relative bias, the root mean squared error (rMSE), and coverage (the proportion of the computed 95% uncertainty intervals containing the true value). The Bayesian method using non-informative priors and the β-substitution method were generally comparable in bias and rMSE when estimating the AM and GM. For the GSD and the 95th percentile, the Bayesian method with non-informative priors was more biased and had a higher rMSE than the β-substitution method, but use of more informative priors generally improved the Bayesian method’s performance, making both the bias and the rMSE more comparable to the β-substitution method. An advantage of the Bayesian method is that it provided estimates of uncertainty for these parameters of interest and good coverage, whereas the β-substitution method only provided estimates of uncertainty for the AM, and coverage was not as consistent. Selection of one or the other method depends on the needs of the practitioner, the availability of prior information, and the distribution characteristics of the measurement data. We suggest the use of Bayesian methods if the practitioner has the computational resources and prior information, as the method would generally provide accurate estimates and also provides the distributions of all of the parameters, which could be useful for making decisions in some applications.
Catalysts for Conversion of Ethanol to n-Butanol in Water
Creators: name: Eblen, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The conversion of the greenhouse gas CO2 into a sustainable fuel source is a chemical approach to a wide-reaching ecological problem. Current efforts are being made to convert CO2 into ethanol. Ethanol is a fuel itself and can be used as a fuel additive to gasoline, but there are better fuel alternatives than ethanol. This work investigates the conversion of ethanol to the more useful n-butanol via the Guerbet process with organometallic catalyst design. This is done through the synthesis of ten distinct iridium and ruthenium catalyst candidates. Although other catalysts have shown some viability for this process under the required aqueous reduced temperature conditions, there is still much room for improvement.
$1/f$ noise on the brink of wet granular melting
Creators: name: Huang, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collective behavior of a two-dimensional wet granular cluster under horizontal swirling motions is investigated experimentally. Depending on the balance between the energy injection and dissipation, the cluster evolves into various nonequilibrium stationary states with strong internal structure fluctuations with time. Quantitative characterizations of the fluctuations with the bond orientational order parameter $q_{\rm 6}$ reveal power spectra of the form $f^α$ with the exponent $α$ closely related to the stationary states of the system. In particular, $1/f$ type of noise with $α\approx-1$ emerges as melting starts from the free surface of the cluster, suggesting the possibility of using $1/f$ noise as an indicator for phase transitions in systems driven far from thermodynamic equilibrium.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Real-space renormalisation approach to the Chalker-Coddington model revisited: improved statistics
Creators: name: Shaw, Syl
name: Römer, Rudolf A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The real-space renormalisation group method can be applied to the Chalker-Coddington model of the quantum Hall transition to provide a convenient numerical estimation of the localisation critical exponent, $ν$. Previous such studies found $ν\sim 2.39$ which falls considerably short of the current best estimates by transfer matrix ($ν\approx 2.593$) and exact-diagonalisation studies ($ν=2.58(3)$). By increasing the amount of data $500$ fold we can now measure closer to the critical point and find an improved estimate $ν\approx 2.51$. This deviates only $\sim 3\%$ from the previous two values and is already better than the $\sim 7\%$ accuracy of the classical small-cell renormalisation approach from which our method is adapted. We also study a previously proposed mixing of the Chalker-Coddington model with a classical scattering model which is meant to provide a route to understanding why experimental estimates give a lower $ν\sim 2.3$. Upon implementing this mixing into our RG unit, we find only further increases to the value of $ν$.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Magnetic structure and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in the $S = 1/2$ helical-honeycomb antiferromagnet $α$-Cu$_{2}$V$_{2}$O$_{7}$
Creators: name: Gitgeatpong, G.
name: Zhao, Y.
name: Avdeev, M.
name: Piltz, R. O.
name: Sato, T. J.
name: Matan, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic properties of the $S = 1/2$ antiferromagnet $α$-Cu$_{2}$V$_{2}$O$_{7}$ have been studied using magnetization, Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations, and neutron diffraction. Magnetic susceptibility shows a broad peak at $\sim50$~K followed by an abrupt increase indicative of a phase transition to a magnetically ordered state at $T_{N}$ = 33.4(1) K. Above $T_N$, a fit to the Curie-Weiss law gives a Curie-Weiss temperature of $Θ=-73(1)$~K suggesting the dominant antiferromagnetic coupling. The result of the QMC calculations on the helical-honeycomb spin network with two antiferromagnetic exchange interactions $J_1$ and $J_2$ provides a better fit to the susceptibility than the previously proposed spin-chain model. Two sets of the coupling parameters $J_1:J_2=1:0.45$ with $J_1=5.79(1)$~meV and $0.65:1$ with $J_2=6.31(1)$~meV yield equally good fits down to $\sim T_N$. Below $T_{N}$, weak ferromagnetism due to spin canting is observed. The canting is caused by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction with an estimated $bc$-plane component $\left|D_p\right|$ $\simeq0.14J_1$. Neutron diffraction reveals that the $S=1/2$ Cu$^{2+}$ spins antiferromagnetically align in the $Fd'd'2$ magnetic space group. The ordered moment of 0.93(9)~$μ_B$ is predominantly along the crystallographic $a$-axis.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Evaluating Combination Frequency and Cross Correlation of Facial Action Units within Grimace Scores of Mouse Models
Creators: name: Vanden, Kelly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Quantifying pain tolerance in mouse models is a crucial part of understanding pain perception in the brain. In recent research, there has been an increase in the development of pain assays in order to model this perception of evoked and spontaneous pain. The analysis of grimace scoring is used in many pain tolerance mouse models in order to quantify spontaneous pain. The focus of this research study was to selectively identify and analyze pain scores of spontaneous pain in mouse models, across three different pain tolerance treatments – Carlap, Lap, and Sham. These treatment groups were analyzed across grimace score combination frequency and cross correlation of facial action units. Statistical regressions were run to understand the role of specific variables – such as treatment, pain group, baselines, and PainFace model – as factors that affected the strength of facial action unit correlation. These analyses were ran across three different video file groups (all files, only-baseline files and only-treatment files). This research paper sought scientific insight on the evaluation of “low”, “middle”, and “high” pain scores specifically, and the impact of these different pain groups on facial unit correlation and combination frequencies. This research study also sought to explore the presence of facial tendencies, and if these facial grimace score tendencies could be determined and accounted for based on baseline videos. There were three main findings of the research study. Cross correlation analysis determined that orbital-nose and orbital-ears facial action unit variables had the highest correlation across all three data files (all files, only-baseline files, and only-treatment files). Combination frequency analysis determined that most frequent combinations in the “middle pain score” group are often composed primarily of “1” grimace scores, which may suggest uncertainty. Baseline variable analysis determined that baseline tendencies seemed to be a good predictor of what post-treatment grimace scores, allowing the PainFace software to possibly account for this facial tendency bias.
Concordance among gene expression-based predictors for ER-positive breast cancer treated with adjuvant tamoxifen
Creators: name: Prat, A.
name: Ellis, M. J.
name: Perou, C. M.
name: Bernard, P. S.
name: Parker, J. S.
name: Nielsen, T. O.
name: Bergh, J.
name: Cheang, M. C. U.
name: Miller, L. D.
name: Fan, C.
name: Chia, S. K. L.
name: Carey, L. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: BackgroundER-positive (ER+ ) breast cancer includes all of the intrinsic molecular subtypes, although the luminal A and B subtypes predominate. In this study, we evaluated the ability of six clinically relevant genomic signatures to predict relapse in patients with ER+ tumors treated with adjuvant tamoxifen only.MethodsFour microarray datasets were combined and research-based versions of PAM50 intrinsic subtyping and risk of relapse (PAM50-ROR) score, 21-gene recurrence score (OncotypeDX), Mammaprint, Rotterdam 76 gene, index of sensitivity to endocrine therapy (SET) and an estrogen-induced gene set were evaluated. Distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) was estimated by Kaplan–Meier and log-rank tests, and multivariable analyses were done using Cox regression analysis. Harrell's C-index was also used to estimate performance.ResultsAll signatures were prognostic in patients with ER+ node-negative tumors, whereas most were prognostic in ER+ node-positive disease. Among the signatures evaluated, PAM50-ROR, OncotypeDX, Mammaprint and SET were consistently found to be independent predictors of relapse. A combination of all signatures significantly increased the performance prediction. Importantly, low-risk tumors (>90% DRFS at 8.5 years) were identified by the majority of signatures only within node-negative disease, and these tumors were mostly luminal A (78%–100%).ConclusionsMost established genomic signatures were successful in outcome predictions in ER+ breast cancer and provided statistically independent information. From a clinical perspective, multiple signatures combined together most accurately predicted outcome, but a common finding was that each signature identified a subset of luminal A patients with node-negative disease who might be considered suitable candidates for adjuvant endocrine therapy alone.
Novel experimental design for high pressure - high temperature electrical resistance measurements in a 'Paris-Edinburgh' large volume press
Creators: name: Matityahu, Shlomi
name: Emuna, Moran
name: Yahel, Eyal
name: Makov, Guy
name: Greenberg, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel experimental design for high sensitivity measurements of the electrical resistance of samples at high pressures (0-6GPa) and high temperatures (300-1000K) in a 'Paris-Edinburgh' type large volume press. Uniquely, the electrical measurements are carried out directly on a small sample, thus greatly increasing the sensitivity of the measurement. The sensitivity to even minor changes in electrical resistance can be used to clearly identify phase transitions in material samples. Electrical resistance measurements are relatively simple and rapid to execute and the efficacy of the present experimental design is demonstrated by measuring the electrical resistance of Pb, Sn and Bi across a wide domain of temperature-pressure phase space and employing it to identify the loci of phase transitions. Based on these results, the phase diagrams of these elements are reconstructed to high accuracy and found to be in excellent agreement with previous studies. In particular, by mapping the locations of several well-studied reference points in the phase diagram of Sn and Bi, it is demonstrated that a standard calibration exists for the temperature and pressure, thus eliminating the need for direct or indirect temperature and pressure measurements. The present technique will allow simple and accurate mapping of phase diagrams under extreme conditions and may be of particular importance in advancing studies of liquid state anomalies.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures
The Impact of Health-Related Quality of Life and Associations with Adherence in Real-World Leukemia Patients
Creators: name: Danos, Abigail
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Oral oncolytic agents for leukemia diagnoses including chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), have significantly improved survival rates and patient outcomes. While oral oncolytics have changed the prognosis of many cancers, they usually require life-long treatment and life-long adherence, which can have deleterious effects on quality of life. Marin et al. showed that chronic myeloid leukemia patients who were adherent >90% of the time to their oral oncolytic, imatinib, were more likely to achieve major or complete molecular response than those who were adherent less than 90% of the time. The relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and adherence to oral oncolytics has not been studied previously. The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the reciprocal relationships between medication adherence and quality of life among leukemia patients taking oral oncolytics. This is a single arm, prospective longitudinal study of survey participants at UNC Lineberger with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), CLL and CML. Patients were selected from UNC if they were actively receiving treatment on oral oncolytics. Upon verbal consent and meeting all inclusion criteria, patients will be surveyed via phone call for 10-15 minutes every 2-4 months for a total of 3 surveys. The survey includes demographic questions, Wilson’s 3-item survey to address adherence, the PROMIS-Global Health Scale to evaluate quality of life, and several questions on PRO-CTCAE (patient-reported) of the most common side effects from oral oncolytics. The PRO-CTCAE tool measures treatment-related toxicities in the past 7 days, scored from 0-4. Survey results were analyzed by descriptive statistics and scatter plots were used to visualize the data.The general population of participants who have completed all 3 surveys to date (N=33) are college-educated, have martial support, and have a household income above $50,000. Less than half of the participants met adherence (at least 90%) across all 3 surveys. Patients increasingly rated their HRQOL as the lowest rating "Poor” throughout the ongoing surveys with 9% in survey 1, to 12% in survey 2, and to 15% in survey 3. Very few patients rated their HRQoL as “excellent” which is the highest ranking, including 3% in survey 1, 0% in survey 2, and 6% in survey 3 respectively. There was no significant association between income level, marital status and adherence. Having a college education was associated with improved adherence (P=0.047). More research is needed to improve oral oncolytic adherence in this population. Our survey is ongoing to elucidate the changes in adherence and HRQOL overtime.
MOESM2 of Characterization of the non-glandular gastric region microbiota in Helicobacter suis-infected versus non-infected pigs identifies a potential role for Fusobacterium gastrosuis in gastric ulceration
Creators: name: ChloĂŤ De Witte
name: Demeyere, Kristel
name: Bruyckere, Sofie De
name: Taminiau, Bernard
name: Daube, Georges
name: Ducatelle, Richard
name: Meyer, Evelyne
name: Haesebrouck, Freddy
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Gating strategy of the MKN-7 cell line. (A) FSC-A/SSC-A represents the distribution of cells in the light scatter based on their size and intracellular complexity, respectively. The cells of interest are gated excluding debris. (B) FSC-A/FSC-H allows discrimination between single cells and doublets, single cells are gated. (C) Gain settings and compensation matrix. (D-E) FITC-A/PE-A identifies the selective subpopulations: viable (Annexin-V-FITC negative, PI negative), early apoptotic (Annexin-V-FITC positive, PI negative) and late apoptotic/necrotic (Annexin-V-FITC positive, PI positive) cells.
Persistence, adherence, and toxicity with oral CMF in older women with early-stage breast cancer (Adherence Companion Study 60104 for CALGB 49907)
Creators: name: Cohen, H. J.
name: Ruddy, K. J.
name: Hudis, C. A.
name: Muss, H. B.
name: Archer, L. E.
name: Partridge, A. H.
name: Pitcher, B. N.
name: Winer, E. P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Cyclophosphamide-methotrexate-5-fluorouracil (CMF) is often selected as adjuvant chemotherapy for older patients with early-stage breast cancer due to perceived superior tolerability. We sought to measure persistence with CMF, adherence to oral cyclophosphamide, and the association of these with toxic effects.
Additional file 1 of New efficient meta-fermentation process for lactic acid production from municipal solid waste
Creators: name: Acedos, Miguel G.
name: Gómez-Pérez, Paz
name: Espinosa, Tamara
name: Abarca, Christian
name: Ibañez, Bernat
name: Ruiz, Begoña
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Image of the residue used as a substrate in this work, OFMSW. Figure S2. Picture of the waste shredding system used in this work.
Exploring Cultural Intelligence Validity and Teaching Self Efficacy in Pharmacy Faculty
Creators: name: Tenn, Kaitlyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Faculty play a critical role in the development of students; understanding cultural intelligence (CI) teaching self-efficacy can inform faculty development strategies and curriculum improvements. This work examines the construct validity of CI and evaluates faculty self-efficacy in developing cultural intelligence in Doctor of Pharmacy students. To accomplish this, a novel survey was developed based on a CI framework for pharmacy education consisting of four domains. Survey items were measured on a scale from 1-cannot do at all to 10-highly certain can do. Fifty-four Doctor of Pharmacy faculty members (83% response rate) completed the survey.  The exploratory factor analysis revealed three CI constructs: (1) cultural awareness (α = 0.93), (2) cultural practice (α = 0.96), and (3) cultural desire (α = 0.89). Participants rated their CI teaching self-efficacy highest for cultural awareness (6.13 (1.93)), and lowest for cultural desire (3.90 (2.87)).
Evaluating the impact of the ABCD-GENE score on antiplatelet therapy outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention in a real-world clinical setting
Creators: name: Winget, Marshall
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background: CYP2C19 genotype-guided antiplatelet therapy (APT) improves outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The ABCD-GENE score integrates clinical factors (age >75 [+4], obesity [+4], chronic kidney disease [+3], diabetes [+3]) and CYP2C19 genotype (1 or 2 no function alleles [+6 or +24]); a score ≥10 identifies patients at risk for poor clopidogrel response. However, its clinical utility to guide APT in a real-world setting remains unclear.

Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort included 1469 patients who underwent PCI and CYP2C19 genotype-guided APT from 2012-2016. Patients were stratified into high (≥10) and low (<10) ABCD-GENE score groups. Major adverse cardiovascular or cerebrovascular events (MACCE: death, acute coronary syndrome [ACS], stent thrombosis, or ischemic stroke) over 12 months after PCI were compared across APT (clopidogrel vs. prasugrel or ticagrelor) by multivariable Cox regression.

Results: The study population was 68% male and 20% Black; 65% underwent PCI for ACS and 25% had a score ≥10. In patients prescribed clopidogrel (n=894), MACCE risk was higher in those with a score ≥10 vs. <10 (adjusted HR 1.59, 95% CI 1.01-2.50, p=0.046). In patients with a score ≥10, those prescribed prasugrel/ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel exhibited lower MACCE risk (adjusted HR 0.50, 95% CI 0.25-0.99, p=0.046). In patients with a score <10, no difference in MACCE risk across APT groups was observed (adjusted HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.60-1.41, p=0.703).

Conclusions: These data suggest improved outcomes with prasugrel/ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel in post-PCI patients with an ABCD-GENE score ≥10, which offers potential as a precision medicine tool to guide APT prescribing decisions. Validation in a multicenter study is needed.
Magneto-optics of quasi-relativistic electrons in tilted Dirac cones in graphene and $α$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$I$_3$
Creators: name: Sári, Judit
name: Goerbig, Mark O.
name: Toke, Csaba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massless Dirac fermions occur as low-energy modes in several quasi-two-dimensional condensed matter systems such as graphene, the surface of bulk topological insulators, and in layered organic semiconductors. When the rotational symmetry in such systems is reduced either by an in-plane electric field or an intrinsic tilt of the Dirac cones, the allowed dipolar optical transitions evolve from a few selected transitions into a wide fan of interband transitions. We show that the Lorentz covariance of the low-energy carriers allows for a concise analysis of the emerging magneto-optical properties. We predict that infrared absorption spectra yield quantitative information on the tilted Dirac cone structure in organic compounds such as $α$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$I$_3$.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Dynamics of entanglement of two electron spins interacting with nuclear spin baths in quantum dots
Creators: name: Bragar, Igor
name: Cywiński, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of entanglement of two electron spins in two quantum dots, in which each electron is interacting with its nuclear spin environment. Focusing on the case of uncoupled dots, and starting from either Bell or Werner states of two qubits, we calculate the decay of entanglement due to the hyperfine interaction with the nuclei. We mostly focus on the regime of magnetic fields in which the bath-induced electron spin flips play a role, for example their presence leads to the appearance of entanglement sudden death at finite time for two qubits initialized in a Bell state. For these fields the intrabath dipolar interactions and spatial inhomogeneity of hyperfine couplings are irrelevant on the time scale of coherence (and entanglement) decay, and most of the presented calculations are performed using the uniform-coupling approximation to the exact hyperfine Hamiltonian. We provide a comprehensive overview of entanglement decay in this regime, considering both free evolution of the qubits, and an echo protocol with simultaneous application of $π$ pulses to the two spins. All the currently relevant for experiments bath states are considered: the thermal state, narrowed states (characterized by diminished uncertainty of one of the components of the Overhauser field) of two uncorrelated baths, and a correlated narrowed state with a well-defined value of the $z$ component of the Overhauser field interdot gradient. While we mostly use concurrence to quantify the amount of entanglement in a mixed state of the two electron spins, we also show that their entanglement dynamics can be reconstructed from measurements of the currently relevant for experiments entanglement witnesses, and the fidelity of quantum teleportation performed using a partially disentangled state as a resource.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures, published version
Transfer Learning from Whisper for Microscopic Intelligibility Prediction
Creators: name: Best, Paul
name: Cuervo, Santiago
name: Marxer, Ricard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Macroscopic intelligibility models predict the expected human word-error-rate for a given speech-in-noise stimulus. In contrast, microscopic intelligibility models aim to make fine-grained predictions about listeners' perception, e.g. predicting phonetic or lexical responses. State-of-the-art macroscopic models use transfer learning from large scale deep learning models for speech processing, whereas such methods have rarely been used for microscopic modeling. In this paper, we study the use of transfer learning from Whisper, a state-of-the-art deep learning model for automatic speech recognition, for microscopic intelligibility prediction at the level of lexical responses. Our method outperforms the considered baselines, even in a zero-shot setup, and yields a relative improvement of up to 66\% when fine-tuned to predict listeners' responses. Our results showcase the promise of large scale deep learning based methods for microscopic intelligibility prediction.
A Scoping Review to Inform the Future Development of a Measure for Team-Based Care in Oncology
Creators: name: Rada Zunich
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Introdcution
Team-based care is the delivery of health services to an individual by at least two healthcare providers
working collaboratively to achieve optimal care. Participants on the National Cancer Institute and the
American Society of Clinical Oncology Teams in the Cancer Care Delivery Project have defined 13 key
principles to serve as the foundation for a successful team; however, it is unclear whether existing
measures of these key principles.

Methods
A scoping literature search was conducted for each key principle on PubMed and Embase to identify
existing measures for key principles. Articles of interest were exported to a citation manager, SciWheel,
catalogued by key principle. Existing measures were extracted via a two-stage screening process, with
an abstract review followed by a full-text review.

Results
15 unique measures were identified, with items extrapolated for 12 of the 13 key principles. Measures
were not exclusive and could represent more than one key principle. The number of measures varied
per principle from zero to five, with Team Composition and Diversity yielded no existing measure.

Conclusion
The long-term goal is to compile and edit these measures, to create a comprehensive measure to be
used in various team-based oncology care settings and address areas for improvement, ultimately
optimizing patient care.
MOESM7 of Characterization of the non-glandular gastric region microbiota in Helicobacter suis-infected versus non-infected pigs identifies a potential role for Fusobacterium gastrosuis in gastric ulceration
Creators: name: ChloĂŤ De Witte
name: Demeyere, Kristel
name: Bruyckere, Sofie De
name: Taminiau, Bernard
name: Daube, Georges
name: Ducatelle, Richard
name: Meyer, Evelyne
name: Haesebrouck, Freddy
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7. The number of F. gastrosuis bacteria in the oral cavity and gastro-intestinal tract of 2â  3 months old pigs. Data are shown as log10 values of the average number of F. gastrosuis bacteria per mg tissue with standard deviation. Statistical differences were calculated using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H test. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.001 significant differences between the regions.
Identifying Factors that Influence Student Pharmacists' Well-Being
Creators: name: Akina Nana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: While student well-being initiatives and research have become an increasingly important area of focus, there are many factors that remain understudied regarding student well-being. A large gap exists in literature regarding factors that impact Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) student well-being. The purpose of this study is to explore factors that students perceive influence their well-being as well as identify strategies to improve well-being.
Guideline-discordant androgen deprivation therapy in localized prostate cancer: patterns of use in the medicare population and cost implications
Creators: name: Chen, R. C.
name: Hendrix, L. H.
name: Godley, P. A.
name: Salloum, R. G.
name: Kuykendal, A. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) in localized prostate cancer improves overall survival and is recommended by National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines in certain situations. However, ADT is without benefit in other situations and can actually cause harm. This study examines recent trends in the ADT use and quantifies the cost of guideline-discordant ADT.
title: Team formulation
title: A qualitative exploration of service users’ views
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Riches, Holly
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis is comprised of four chapters, including a systematic literature review, empirical research paper, a critical appraisal, and an ethics application section. The systematic literature review offers a meta-synthesis of the published literature exploring service users’ experiences of ward rounds in inpatient mental health settings. Five papers were included in the review and the results were synthesised using thematic synthesis. The empirical paper is a qualitative exploration of service users’ views of team formulation meetings. A novel methodology was implemented by showing service users a video of a fictional team formulation meeting. Focus group interviews were then used to gather the service users’ perspectives and the data was analysed using thematic analysis. The critical appraisal includes a summary of the findings from the empirical paper and systematic literature review, followed by a discussion of the salient aspects across both papers. Methodological considerations are discussed, along with personal reflections of the research process. The fourth section includes the ethics application process of the empirical paper and supporting documents.