cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Total Syntheses of Conjugation-Ready Repeating Units of Acinetobacter baumannii AB5075 for Glycoconjugate Vaccine Development
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuo
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: amides
subject: carbohydrates
subject: oligosaccharides
subject: total synthesis
subject: vaccines
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen that causes serious nosocomial infections. One of the multidrug-resistant strains, AB5075, can result in bacteremia, pneumonia and wound infections associated with high morbidity and mortality. The structurally unique glycans on the surface of these bacteria are attractive targets for the development of glycoconjugate vaccines. Here, we report the first total synthesis of the densely functionalized trisaccharide repeating unit of A. baumannii AB5075 as well as two analogues. The construction of 1,2-cis linkages between the rare sugars relies on a double-serial inversion strategy. The judicious selection of building blocks and reaction conditions allowed for stereoselective glycosylations, the installation of acetamido groups and the (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl chain.
Cosmological parameters from lensing power spectrum and bispectrum tomography
Creators: name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Jain, Bhuvnesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine how lensing tomography with the bispectrum and power spectrum can constrain cosmological parameters and the equation of state of dark energy. Our analysis uses the full information at the two- and three-point level from angular scales of a few degrees to 5 arcminutes (50 < l < 3000), which will be probed by lensing surveys. We use all triangle configurations, cross-power spectra and bispectra constructed from up to three redshift bins with photometric redshifts, and relevant covariances in our analysis. We find that the parameter constraints from bispectrum tomography are comparable to those from power spectrum tomography. Combining the two improves parameter accuracies by a factor of three due to their complementarity. For the dark energy parameterization w(a) = w0 + wa(1-a), the marginalized errors from lensing alone are sigma(w0) = 0.03 fsky^{-1/2} and sigma(wa) = 0.1 fsky^{-1/2}. We show that these constraints can be further improved when combined with measurements of the cosmic microwave background or Type Ia supernovae. The amplitude and shape of the mass power spectrum are also shown to be precisely constrained. We use hyper-extended perturbation theory to compute the nonlinear lensing bispectrum for dark energy models. Accurate model predictions of the bispectrum in the moderately nonlinear regime, calibrated with numerical simulations, will be needed to realize the parameter accuracy we have estimated. Finally, we estimate how well the lensing bispectrum can constrain a model with primordial non-Gaussianity.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures. Corrected typo in Equations (10) and (14). Added the joint parameter forecasts from lensing, CMB and Type Ia supernovae (Figures 8 and 9)
Solvent-Controlled Intermolecular Proton-Transfer Follows an Irreversible Eigen-Weller Model from fs to ns
Creators: name: Grandjean, Alexander
name: Pérez Lustres, J. Luis
name: Jung, Gregor
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Eigen-Weller model
subject: excited states
subject: proton transfer
subject: solvent relaxation
subject: transient absorption spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Intermolecular Proton Transfer (PT) dynamics can be best studied by optical spectroscopy, which can cover the vast timescale spanned by the process. PT in a hydrogen bonding complex between a pyranine-based photoacid and a trialkyl-phosphine oxide is addressed. The photoreaction is traced with the help of femtosecond transient absorption and picosecond-resolved fluorescence. Characteristic kinetics and spectra of the intervening species are isolated by global analysis and spectral decomposition of time-resolved fluorescence. It is found that the shared proton shifts towards the phosphine site upon photoexcitation in acetonitrile. The process occurs on the sub-picosecond timescale, essentially, under solvent control. Despite the ultrafast rate, an equilibrium between the complex and the hydrogen-bonded ion pair (HBIP) is established. Further reaction steps are delayed to the nanosecond timescale, where formation of the excited deprotonated form is observed. The far-reaching consistency between the various methods supports an irreversible Eigen-Weller mechanism in the excited state.
Measuring transverse velocities in gravitationally lensed extragalactic systems using an annual parallax effect
Creators: name: Tuntsov, Artem V.
name: Walker, Mark A.
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A parallax method to determine transverse velocity in a gravitationally lensed system is described. Using the annual motion of the Earth around the Sun allows us to probe the local structure of the magnification map that, under certain assumptions, can be used to infer the effective transverse velocity. The method is applied to OGLE data for QSO2237+0305 and the velocity value is estimated to be about (15 +/- 10) km/s if attributed to the lensing galaxy or about (420 +/- 300) km/s if attributed to the quasar. We find this estimate unreasonably small and conclude that we have not measured a parallax effect. We give a short list of properties that a system should possess to allow a successful implementation of this method.
description: v2: journal reference updated
Multi-scale Interaction for Real-time LiDAR Data Segmentation on an Embedded Platform
Creators: name: Li, Shijie
name: Chen, Xieyuanli
name: Liu, Yun
name: Dai, Dengxin
name: Stachniss, Cyrill
name: Gall, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-time semantic segmentation of LiDAR data is crucial for autonomously driving vehicles, which are usually equipped with an embedded platform and have limited computational resources. Approaches that operate directly on the point cloud use complex spatial aggregation operations, which are very expensive and difficult to optimize for embedded platforms. They are therefore not suitable for real-time applications with embedded systems. As an alternative, projection-based methods are more efficient and can run on embedded platforms. However, the current state-of-the-art projection-based methods do not achieve the same accuracy as point-based methods and use millions of parameters. In this paper, we therefore propose a projection-based method, called Multi-scale Interaction Network (MINet), which is very efficient and accurate. The network uses multiple paths with different scales and balances the computational resources between the scales. Additional dense interactions between the scales avoid redundant computations and make the network highly efficient. The proposed network outperforms point-based, image-based, and projection-based methods in terms of accuracy, number of parameters, and runtime. Moreover, the network processes more than 24 scans per second on an embedded platform, which is higher than the framerates of LiDAR sensors. The network is therefore suitable for autonomous vehicles.
Microplastics accumulate fungal pathogens in terrestrial ecosystems
Creators: name: Gkoutselis, Gerasimos
name: Rohrbach, Stephan
name: Harjes, Janno
name: Obst, Martin
name: Brachmann, Andreas
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Rambold, Gerhard
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fungal ecology
subject: Infection
subject: Microbial ecology
subject: Microbiome
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Microplastic (MP) is a pervasive pollutant in nature that is colonised by diverse groups of microbes, including potentially pathogenic species. Fungi have been largely neglected in this context, despite their affinity for plastics and their impact as pathogens. To unravel the role of MP as a carrier of fungal pathogens in terrestrial ecosystems and the immediate human environment, epiplastic mycobiomes from municipal plastic waste from Kenya were deciphered using ITS metabarcoding as well as a comprehensive meta-analysis, and visualised via scanning electron as well as confocal laser scanning microscopy. Metagenomic and microscopic findings provided complementary evidence that the terrestrial plastisphere is a suitable ecological niche for a variety of fungal organisms, including important animal and plant pathogens, which formed the plastisphere core mycobiome. We show that MPs serve as selective artificial microhabitats that not only attract distinct fungal communities, but also accumulate certain opportunistic human pathogens, such as cryptococcal and Phoma-like species. Therefore, MP must be regarded a persistent reservoir and potential vector for fungal pathogens in soil environments. Given the increasing amount of plastic waste in terrestrial ecosystems worldwide, this interrelation may have severe consequences for the trans-kingdom and multi-organismal epidemiology of fungal infections on a global scale.
Ethnic Cleansing in the City of Density : Vectors of Violence and Factors of Restraint in the Case of the Tacoma Expulsion
Creators: name: Weistroffer, Ross
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies

description: Description to be added
Deformation und Kinematik der Lechtal-Decke im nordwestlichen Rätikon, Nördliche Kalkalpen (Vorarlberg,Österreich)
Creators: name: Ibele, Tobias
name: Behrmann, Jan H.
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem strukturellen Bau und der tektonischen Entwicklung der Lechtal-Decke im nordwestlichen Rätikon am Westende der Nördlichen Kalkalpen (NKA). Die Daten und Interpretationen beziehen sich zum Einen auf den gesamten Bereich der NKA im Rätikon westlich des Brandnertals und zum Anderen auf ein detailliert kartiertes Teilgebiet zwischen dem südlichen Brandnertal und dem südlichen Gamperdonatal. In- und außerhalb dieses Kartiergebiets konnten in Aufschlüssen der Arosazone, die das lokale Unterlager der Nördlichen Kalkalpen darstellt, kinematische Daten von Scherbändern erhoben werden. Auf der Basis der eigenen Arbeiten und publizierten Geologischen Karten der Region (Allemann 1985, Heissl 1965) wurde ein NW–SE-Profil durch das westliche Rätikon konstruiert und bilanziert. Die Anlage des Profils erfolgte senkrecht zum Überwiegenden Streichen der Großstrukturen die einen ausgeprägten Schuppen- und Faltenbau zeigen...
description: conference
A thorough investigation of the crystal structure of willemite-type Zn2GeO4
Creators: name: Breternitz, Joachim
name: Fritsch, Daniel
name: Franz, Alexandra
name: Schorr, Susan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: neutron diffraction
subject: ab initio calculation
subject: ternary oxide
subject: crystal structure
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The thermodynamically stable phase of Zn2GeO4 contains tetrahedrally coordinated cations only and crystallizes isostructurally to Zn2SiO4 (willemite, space group R3? , no. 148). While this material is considered for a plethora of energy-related applications, such as transparent conducting oxide, battery material and photocatalyst, cation ordering in the crystal structure has not been investigated thoroughly. We have therefore re-determined the crystal structure of Zn2GeO4 using a combination of X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. The additional neutron diffraction study helps to distinguish between the isoelectronic Zn2+ and Ge4+ cations and yields valuable information about a partial or complete cation permutation in this material. The experimental study is supported by first-principles calculations on the structural properties of Zn2GeO4 utilizing a standard generalized gradient approximation, and the more accurate hybrid functional HSE06. In order to better understand cation permutations, additional calculations including defective Zn2GeO4 have been performed based on a supercell approach. Our results show that, with the preparation conditions applied, cation permutation is unlikely to occur in our samples.
Improved discretization of the wavelength derivative term in CMF operator splitting numerical radiative transfer
Creators: name: Hauschildt, Peter H.
name: Baron, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe two separate wavelength discretization schemes that can be used in the numerical solution of the comoving frame radiative transfer equation. We present an improved second order discretization scheme and show that it leads to significantly less numerical diffusion than previous scheme. We also show that due to the nature of the second order term in some extreme cases it can become numerically unstable. We stabilize the scheme by introducing a mixed discretization scheme and present the results from several test calculations.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, A&A, in press
title: Behind the paper: Radiation, DNA and water
title: New techniques for deeper insights
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hahn, Marc Benjamin
name: Dietrich, Paul M.
name: Radnik, Jörg
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: XPS
subject: DNA
subject: DNA radiation damage
subject: PES
subject: Hydration shell
subject: TOPAS
subject: GEant4
subject: Cancer therapy
subject: Base damage
subject: Base loss
subject: Single-strand break
subject: SSB
subject: DSB
subject: Double-strand break
subject: ROS
subject: Reactive oxygen species
subject: Low energy electrons
subject: OH radical
subject: LEE
subject: direct damage
subject: indirect damage
subject: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics::540 Chemistry and allied sciences::541 Physical and theoretical chemistry

description: To gain deeper insights into the old questions about the influence of water on radiation interaction with DNA, new spectroscopic techniques had to be applied.
Relative equilibria of the 3-body problem in $\mathbb{R}^4$
Creators: name: Albouy, Alain
name: Dullin, Holger R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37N05, 70F10, 70F15, 70H33, 53D20

description: The classical equations of the Newtonian 3-body problem do not only define the familiar 3-dimensional motions. The dimension of the motion may also be 4, and cannot be higher. We prove that in dimension 4, for three arbitrary positive masses, and for an arbitrary value (of rank 4) of the angular momentum, the energy possesses a minimum, which corresponds to a motion of relative equilibrium which is Lyapunov stable when considered as an equilibrium of the reduced problem. The nearby motions are nonsingular and bounded for all time. We also describe the full family of relative equilibria, and show that its image by the energy-momentum map presents cusps and other interesting features.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
title: Multi-sided platform and data-driven care research
title: A longitudinal case study on business model innovation for improving care in complex neurological diseases
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fürstenau, Daniel
name: Klein, Stefan
name: Vogel, Amyn
name: Auschra, Carolin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital health platform
subject: Business model
subject: Datafication
subject: Value-based health
subject: Rare disease
subject: Care research
subject: Process perspective
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: Multi-sided platforms in healthcare often focus their business model on standardizing care for wide-spread, chronic diseases. However, there is a lack of knowledge surrounding platform business models enabling individualized care coordination for patients with rare diseases. This paper analyses the development of a complex platform business model addressing Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, a severe neurological disease that requires the coordination of a diverse network of medical specialists, care, and equipment providers. A longitudinal case study examines the platform’s development, focusing subsequently on qualitative and efficient care coordination, care research, and active and direct involvement of patients, as well as establishing two business models, namely, care coordination and care research. We reconstruct how these complex platform business models were configured to improve patient care and care research, thereby creating immediate value for patients and insights for long-term care improvements. The ongoing platform development carefully balances value generation for diverse stakeholders and economic sustainability.
Komplexe Verformung von Metaquarziten im Umfeld kleinräumiger Granitintrusionen — Ergebnisse einer Vorstudie im Paläoproterozoikum der Västervik Region (SE-Schweden)
Creators: name: Vollbrecht, Axel
name: Leiss, Bernd
name: Thust, Anja
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: Das Untersuchungsgebiet liegt im Übergangsbereich zwischen den Svekofenniden und der Transskandinavischen Magmatischen Zone, welcher als Teil einer Paläoproterozoischen E- bis NE-abtauchenden Subduktionszone interpretiert wird (z.B. Beunk & Page 2001). Im heutigen tiefkrustalen Erosionsniveau sind im Wesentlichen mehrere Generationen von Granitioden aufgeschlossen, die etwa im Zeitraum 1850–1650Ma (z.B. Åhäll & Larson 2000) in die zuvor gefalteten Metasedimente und Metavulkanite der paläo-Proterozoischen Västervik- Formation intrudierten. Dabei kam es, in Abhängigkeit von der primären Lithologie der Schichtenfolge, zu unterschiedlichen Formen kontaktmetamorpher und migmatischer Überprägungen bis hin zur Bildung anatektischer Granite. Innerhalb dieser migmatisch/ anatektischen Bereiche stellen Metabasite und Metaquarzite schmelzresistente Horizonte der ursprünglichen Abfolge dar. Nordwestlich von Västervik zeigen entsprechende Metaquarzite lokal komplexe, z.T. nicht-zylindrische Falten im m- bis 10er m-Maßstab, die sich deutlich von der einfacheren, großmaßdimesionierten Faltung in dieser Region abheben. Aufgrund von ersten Ergebnissen einer Vorstudie und einer Diplomkartierung wird angenommen, dass diese Strukturen durch Intrusionen von Mini-Lakkolithen in tiefere Niveaus der Västervik-Formation erzeugt wurden...
description: conference
Gravity as Quantum Foam In-Flow
Creators: name: Cahill, Reginald T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new information-theoretic Process Physics provides an explanation of space as a quantum foam system in which gravity is an inhomogeneous flow of the quantum foam into matter. The older Newtonian and General Relativity theories for gravity are analysed. It is shown that Newtonian gravity may be written in the form of an in-flow. General Relativity is also analysed as an in-flow, for those cases where it has been tested. An analysis of various experimental data demonstrates that absolute motion relative to space has been observed by Michelson and Morley, Miller, Illingworth, Jaseja et al, Torr and Kolen, and by DeWitte. The Dayton Miller and Roland DeWitte data also reveal the in-flow of space into matter which manifests as gravity. The experimental data suggests that the in-flow is turbulent, which amounts to the observation of a gravitational wave phenomena. A new in-flow theory of gravity is proposed which passes all the tests that General Relativity was claimed to have passed, but as well the new theory suggests that the so-called spiral galaxy rotation-velocity anomaly may be explained without the need of `dark matter'. Various other gravitational anomalies also appear to be explainable. Newtonian gravity appears to be strictly valid only outside of spherically symmetric matter systems.
description: 25 pages
Measurement of primary region heat transfer in horizontal direct chill continuous casting of aluminum alloy re-melt ingots
Creators: name: Di Ciano, Massimo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Thermal-fluid modeling of the Horizontal Direct Chill (HDC) casting process has been used to aid in process optimization and development of HDC casting of aluminum foundry alloy re-melt ingots. Characterization of the heat transfer conditions present in the process is essential to accurate model development. In this study, the heat transfer conditions in the primary cooling region of an HDC casting machine were characterized using mould temperature measurements taken during plant trials. Steady state mould heat flux distributions were determined for various casting conditions through inverse heat conduction modeling. The calculated heat fluxes are of comparable magnitude to values reported in DC casting literature. Mould heat fluxes were affected by casting speed but relatively insensitive to casting temperature and mould water flow rates. To compliment the plant trial approach, an apparatus was built to replicate primary cooling region heat transfer phenomenon. Mould temperatures taken from the casting simulator were used to determine mould heat fluxes during lab tests. Comparing lab results and plant trial results confirm the applicability of the lab tests to in-plant operating conditions. These preliminary lab results suggest that use of a casting simulator could suffice as a means for characterizing primary cooling heat transfer in HDC casting, thus avoiding the need for extensive plant trials.
Resolution of Some Open Problems Concerning Multiple Zeta Evaluations of Arbitrary Depth
Creators: name: Bowman, Douglas
name: Bradley, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33E20 (Primary) 33C05, 11G55 (Secondary)

description: We prove some new evaluations for multiple polylogarithms of arbitrary depth. The simplest of our results is a multiple zeta evaluation one order of complexity beyond the well-known Broadhurst-Zagier formula. Other results we provide settle three of the remaining outstanding conjectures of Borwein, Bradley, and Broadhurst. A complete treatment of a certain arbitrary depth class of periodic alternating unit Euler sums is also given.
description: 21 pages, To appear in Compositio Mathematica
Homotopy invariance of the space of metrics with positive scalar curvature on manifolds with singularities
Creators: name: Botvinnik, Boris
name: Walsh, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C27, 57R65, 58J05, 58J50

description: In this paper we study manifolds, $X_Σ$, with fibred singularities, more specifically, a relevant space ${\mathcal R}^{\rm psc}(X_Σ)$ of Riemannian metrics with positive scalar curvature. Our main goal is to prove that the space ${\mathcal R}^{\rm psc}(X_Σ)$ is homotopy invariant under certain surgeries on $X_Σ$.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Fungal plastiphily and its link to generic virulence traits makes environmental microplastics a global health factor
Creators: name: Gkoutselis, Gerasimos
name: Rohrbach, Stephan
name: Harjes, Janno
name: Brachmann, Andreas
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Rambold, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: microplastics
subject: plastiphily
subject: pathogenic fungi
subject: plastisphere mycobiome
subject: generic virulence traits
subject: ITS metabarcoding
subject: co-occurrence networks
subject: community assembly
subject: human pathogens
subject: global health factor
subject: fungal communities
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Fungi comprise significant human pathogens, causing over a billion infections each year. Plastic pollution alters niches of fungi by providing trillions of artificial microhabitats, mostly in the form of microplastics, where pathogens might accumulate, thrive, and evolve. However, interactions between fungi and microplastics in nature are largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the assembly, architecture, and ecology of mycobiomes in soil (micro)plastispheres near human dwellings in a model- and network-based metagenome study combined with a global-scale meta-analysis. Our results reveal a strong selection of important human pathogens, in an idiosyncratic, otherwise predominantly neutrally assembled plastisphere, which is strongly linked to generic fungal virulence traits. These findings substantiate our niche expansion postulate, demonstrate the emergence of plastiphily among fungal pathogens and imply the existence of a ‘plastisphere virulence school’, underpinning the need to declare microplastics as a factor of global health.
Novel [NiFe]- and [FeFe]-Hydrogenase Gene Transcripts Indicative of Active Facultative Aerobes and Obligate Anaerobes in Earthworm Gut Contents
Creators: name: Schmidt, Oliver
name: Wüst, Pia K.
name: Hellmuth, Susanne
name: Borst, Katharina
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Drake, Harold L.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Soc. for Microbiology
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Animals
subject: Bacteria, Anaerobic
subject: Bacterial Proteins
subject: Cluster Analysis
subject: DNA, Bacterial
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The concomitant occurrence of molecular hydrogen (H 2) and organic acids along the alimentary canal of the earthworm is indicative of ongoing fermentation during gut passage. Fermentative H 2 production is catalyzed by [FeFe]-hydrogenases and group 4 [NiFe]-hydrogenases in obligate anaerobes (e.g., Clostridiales) and facultative aerobes (e.g., Enterobacteriaceae), respectively, functional groups that might respond differently to contrasting redox conditions. Thus, the objectives of this study were to assess the redox potentials of the alimentary canal of Lumbricus terrestris and analyze the hydrogenase transcript diversities of H 2 producers in glucose-supplemented gut content microcosms. Although redox potentials in the core of the alimentary canal were variable on an individual worm basis, average redox potentials were similar. The lowest redox potentials occurred in the foregut and midgut regions, averaging 40 and 110 mV, respectively. Correlation plots between hydrogenase amino acid sequences and 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that closely related hydrogenases belonged to closely related taxa, whereas distantly related hydrogenases did not necessarily belong to distantly related taxa. Of 178 [FeFe]-hydrogenase gene transcripts, 177 clustered in 12 Clostridiales-affiliated operational taxonomic units, the majority of which were indicative of heretofore unknown hydrogenases. Of 86 group 4 [NiFe]-hydrogenase gene transcripts, 79% and 21% were affiliated with organisms in the Enterobacteriaceae and Aeromonadaceae, respectively. The collective results (i) suggest that fermenters must cope with variable and moderately oxidative redox conditions along the alimentary canal, (ii) demonstrate that heretofore undetected hydrogenases are present in the earthworm gut, and (iii) corroborate previous findings implicating Clostridiaceae and Enterobacteriaceae as active fermentative taxa in earthworm gut content. © 2011, American Society for Microbiology.
Empirische Feldstudien über elektromagnetische Emissionen in Gesteinen unter aktiven Krustenspannungen
Creators: name: Reuther, C.-D.
name: Moser, Elmar
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: In den vergangenen Jahren wurden von den Mitgliedern unseres Departments mehrere Feldstudien über elektromagnetische Emissionen in tektonisch aktiven Regionen durchgeführt. Die Untersuchungsgebiete lagen in Südspanien, Sizilien, Malta, Eger-Graben/Tschechische Republik und die Provence/Frankreich als auch in Süd-Chile. Das Ziel dieser Untersuchungen war die Erfassung der größten horizontalen Spannungs-Richtung in der oberen Erdkruste. Dazu wurden die Intensität des elektromagnetischen Feldes in Bezug zu der Orientierung einer Richtantenne gemessen. Diese Ergebnisse wurden mit aktiven Stress-Richtungen verglichen die aus Doorstopper-Messungen, Bohrloch- Randausbrüchen, Herdflächenlösungen und neotektonischen Strukturanalysen gewonnen wurden. Die Richtungen der größten Horizontalspannungen stimmen sehr gut mit der Orientierung der maximalen elektromagnetischen Emission überein.
description: conference
Universal forcing notions and ideals
Creators: name: Roslanowski, Andrzej
name: Shelah, Saharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E40, 03E17

description: The main result of this paper is a partial answer to [math.LO/9909115, Problem 5.5]: a finite iteration of Universal Meager forcing notions adds generic filters for many forcing notions determined by universality parameters. We also give some results concerning cardinal characteristics of the sigma-ideals determined by those universality parameters.
ETUDE DU TAUX D'ALLOGAMIE NATURELLE DU A Exomalopsis CHEZ LA TOMATE, Lyaopersiaon esaulentum. CONSEQUENCES POUR L'AMELIORATION DES PLANTES
Creators: name: Anais, G.
name: Anais, G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Par suite de 1'observation d'une activity pollinisatrice tr£s intense a'une petite abeille appartenant au genre Examolopsi-Q, nous avons entrepris l'etude du taux d'allogamie naturelle chez les Solanac6es (Tomate, Piment, Aubergine). La presente publication concerne les premieres observations sur la Tomate.
Tailoring ferromagnetic chalcopyrites
Creators: name: Erwin, Steven C.
name: Zutic, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If magnetic semiconductors are ever to find wide application in real spintronic devices, their magnetic and electronic properties will require tailoring in much the same way that band gaps are engineered in conventional semiconductors. Unfortunately, no systematic understanding yet exists of how, or even whether, properties such as Curie temperatures and band gaps are related in magnetic semiconductors. Here we explore theoretically these and other relationships within 64 members of a single materials class, the Mn-doped II-IV-V2 chalcopyrites, three of which are already known experimentally to be ferromagnetic semiconductors. Our first-principles results reveal a variation of magnetic properties across different materials that cannot be explained by either of the two dominant models of ferromagnetism in semiconductors. Based on our results for structural, electronic, and magnetic properties, we identify a small number of new stable chalcopyrites with excellent prospects for ferromagnetism.
description: 6 pages with 4 figures, plus 3 supplementary figures; to appear in Nature Materials
Recovery of Methanotrophic Activity Is Not Reflected in the Methane-Driven Interaction Network after Peat Mining
Creators: name: Kaupper, Thomas
name: Mendes, Lucas W.
name: Harnisz, Monica
name: Krause, Sascha M.B.
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Ho, Adrian
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Soc. for Microbiology
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: methane oxidation
subject: methane-based food web
subject: methanotrophs
subject: peatland restoration
subject: stable isotope probing
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Aerobic methanotrophs are crucial in ombrotrophic peatlands, driving the methane and nitrogen cycles. Peat mining adversely affects methanotrophs, but activity and community composition/abundances may recover after restoration. Considering that the methanotrophic activity and growth are significantly stimulated in the presence of other microorganisms, the methane-driven interaction network, which encompasses methanotrophs and nonmethanotrophs (i.e., the methanotrophic interactome), may also be relevant in conferring community resilience. Yet, little is known of the methanotrophic interactome's response to and recovery from disturbances. Here, we determined the recovery of the methanotrophic interactome as inferred by a co-occurrence network analysis comparing pristine and restored peatlands. We coupled a DNA-based stable isotope probing (SIP) approach using [13C]CH4 to a co-occurrence network analysis derived from the 13C-enriched 16S rRNA gene sequences to relate the response in methanotrophic activity to the structuring of the interaction network. Methanotrophic activity and abundances recovered after peat restoration since 2000. “Methylomonaceae” taxa were the predominantly active methanotrophs in both peatlands, but the peatlands differed in the relative abundances of Methylacidiphilaceae and Methylocystis. However, bacterial community compositions were distinct in both peatlands. Likewise, the methanotrophic interactome was profoundly altered in the restored peatland. Structuring of the interaction network after peat mining resulted in the loss of complexity and modularity, indicating a less connected and efficient network, which may have consequences in the event of recurring/future disturbances. Therefore, determining the response of the methane-driven interaction network, in addition to relating methanotrophic activity to community composition/abundances, provided a more comprehensive understanding of the resilience of the methanotrophs.
Single-cut osteotomy for correction of a complex multiplanar deformity of the radius in a Shetland pony foal
Creators: name: Schweinsberg, Lorenz P.
name: Ehrle, Anna
name: Schweinsberg, Uwe
name: Meehan, Lucy
name: Noguera Cender, Andrea
name: Lischer, Christoph J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: radius
subject: multiplanar deformity
subject: surgical correction
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Objective To describe the surgical correction of a multiplanar deformity of the radius in a pony using a single-cut osteotomy. Study design Case report. Animals A 9-week-old male Shetland pony foal with a bodyweight of 47 kg. Methods The foal presented with a complex multiplanar deformity of the right radius. A 3-dimensional model of the bone was created based on computed tomography (CT) imaging. To correct the deformity, the cutting plane for a single-cut osteotomy was calculated following the mathematical approach described by Sangeorzan et al. After osteotomy, the bone was realigned and stabilized with two 4.5 locking compression plates (LCPs). Results Recovery from surgery was uneventful, and the foal remained comfortable. A CT exam 15 weeks after surgery revealed that diaphyseal deformities improved substantially in procurvatum (from 8° to 1°), varus (from 27° to 0°), and rotation (30° to 5°). The operated radius was 2.1 cm shorter than the left. Eighteen-month follow up confirmed a functionally and cosmetically acceptable outcome. Conclusion The single-cut osteotomy resulted in the successful correction of a multiplanar equine long-bone deformity with a favorable outcome in a Shetland pony. Clinical significance Single-cut osteotomy is an alternative surgical technique for the correction of complex diaphyseal long-bone equine deformities. Computed tomography data and the possibility of printing 3D models provides a significant advantage for rehearsing the procedure and for evaluating the correction that was achieved.
The role of the Ranotsara Zone in southern Madagascar for Gondwana correlations
Creators: name: Schreurs, Guido
name: Giese, Jörg
name: Berger, Alfons
name: Gnos, Edwin
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: The Precambrian basement of southern Madagascar was reworked at high-grade metamorphic conditions during the East African Orogen (EAO of Stern, 1994) that formed during assembly of Gondwana in late Neoproterozoic/early Paleozoic times. At the end of the EAO, Madagascar is generally thought to be sandwiched between southern India and eastern Africa. Constraints on its paleoposition are often inferred from similarities in structural features on now dispersed continental fragments, in particular high-strain zones. Major zones with (sub)vertical foliation planes can be traced over hundreds of kilometres in southern Madagascar and have been interpreted as major vertical ductile shear zones (e.g. Windley et al. 1994; Martelat, 1998). The NW–SE trending Ranotsara Zone (dashed rectangle in Fig. 1) is regarded as an intracrustal mega strike-slip shear zone with a sinistral sense of shear that formed at the end of the Proterozoic (e.g. Nicollet, 1990; de Wit et al., 2001). A large number of studies have used the Ranotsara Zone to propose Gondwana reconstructions. The Ranotsara Zone has been correlated with various ductile shear zones in southern India, e.g. with the Bhavani Shear Zone or the Moyar Shear Zone (Katz & Premoli, 1979), the Palghat-Cauvery Shear Zone (de Wit et al., 1995), the Karur-Kamban- Painavum-Trichur Shear Zone (de Wit et al., 2001; Ghosh et al. 2004) or with the Achankovil Shear Zone (Windley et al., 1994; Martelat, 1998). Within Madagascar, the Ranotsara Zone has been correlated along strike with the more N–S trending Bongolava Zone in central-western Madagascar (Hottin 1976), and the Bongolava- Ranotsara Zone has been further traced into the Surma Shear Zone (Windley et al. 1994) and its along-strike continuation, the Aswa Shear Zone in eastern Africa (Müller 2000). Chetty (2003) suggested that the Ranotsara Zone is not only a mega shear zone, but also a terrane boundary separating a region with Archean crust to the north from a region with Neoproterozoic crust to the south. Our remote sensing and field studies of southern Madagascar indicate that the Ranotsara Zone is neither a major terrane boundary nor an intracrustal mega strike-slip shear zone and therefore can not be used as a ‘piercing point’ in Gondwana reconstructions...
description: conference
Constraining Bianchi type V universe with recent H(z) and BAO observations in Brans-Dicke theory of gravitation
Creators: name: Prasad, R.
name: Yadav, Avinash Kr.
name: Yadav, Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate a transitioning model of Bianchi type V universe in Brans-Dicke theory of gravitation. The derived model not only validates Mach's principle but also describes the present acceleration of the universe. In this paper, our aim is to constrain an exact Bianchi type V universe in Brans - Dicke gravity. For this sake, firstly we obtain an exact solution of field equations in modified gravity and secondly constrain the model parameters by bounding the model with recent $H(z)$ and Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) observational data. The current phase of accelerated expansion of the universe is also described by the contribution coming from cosmological constant screened scalar field with deceleration parameter showing a transition redshift of about $z_{t} = 0.79$. Some physical properties of the universe are also discussed.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Redonner du contrôle aux usagers : évaluation des effets d’une intervention comportementale sur la réduction du gaspillage en restauration collective
Creators: name: Sebbane, Maxime
name: Costa, Sandrine
name: Sirieix, Lucie
name: Sebbane, Maxime
name: Costa, Sandrine
name: Sirieix, Lucie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: food waste
subject: mass catering
subject: theory of planned behavior
subject: quasi-experimental design

description: Dans la présente étude, la théorie du comportement planifié (TCP) a été mobilisée afin de mettre en place et évaluer une intervention comportementale visant à réduire le gaspillage alimentaire dans un restaurant d'entreprise. S’appuyant sur un plan quasi-expérimental, deux questionnaires ont permis de mesurer les motivations personnelles de 216 participants, avant et après l’intervention. Les réponses ont été reliées aux comportements observés et à une mesure du contrôle réel. Nos résultats valident l’efficacité de l’action mise en œuvre avec une réduction du gaspillage de l’ordre de 20%. Par ailleurs, notre étude soutient l’utilité de la TCP pour modéliser des comportements, mais font apparaître des faiblesses dans sa capacité à expliquer des évolutions : en particulier, la relation entre l’évolution du contrôle perçu et du comportement.
In Vivo Emission of Dinitrogen by Earthworms via Denitrifying Bacteria in the Gut
Creators: name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Mertel, Ralph
name: Gehre, Matthias
name: Kästner, Matthias
name: Drake, Harold L.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Soc. for Microbiology
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Acetylene
subject: Animals
subject: Bacteria
subject: Digestive System
subject: Ecosystem
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Earthworms emit the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O), and ingested denitrifiers in the gut appear to be the main source of this N 2O. The primary goal of this study was to determine if earthworms also emit dinitrogen (N2), the end product of complete denitrification. When [15N] nitrate was injected into the gut, the earthworms Aporrectodea caliginosa and Lumbricus terrestris emitted labeled N2 (and also labeled N2O) under in vivo conditions emission of N2 by these two earthworms was relatively linear and approximated 1.2 and 6.6 nmol N2 per h per g (fresh weight), respectively. Isolated gut contents also produced [15N]nitrate- derived N2 and N2O under anoxic conditions. N2 is formed by N2O reductase, and acetylene, an inhibitor of this enzyme, inhibited the emission of [15N]nitrate-derived N2 by living earthworms. Standard gas chromatographic analysis demonstrated that the amount of N2O emitted was relatively linear during initial incubation periods and increased in response to acetylene. The calculated rates for the native emissions of N2 (i.e., without added nitrate) by A. caliginosa and L. terrestris were 1.1 and 1.5 nmol N2 per h per g (fresh weight), respectively these emission rates approximated that of N 2O. These collective observations indicate that (i) earthworms emit N2 concomitant with the emission of N2O via the in situ activity of denitrifying bacteria in the gut and (ii) N2O is quantitatively an important denitrification-derived end product under in situ conditions. Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Change of 7Be decay rate in exohedral and endohedral C60 fullerene compounds and its implications
Creators: name: Ray, A.
name: Das, P.
name: Saha, S. K.
name: Das, S. K.
name: Das, J. J.
name: Madhavan, N.
name: Nath, S.
name: Sugathan, P.
name: Rao, P. V. M.
name: Jhingan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The half-life of 7Be implanted in a C60 pellet and gold foil has been measured to be about the same within about 0.2%. Using a radiochemical technique, we also measured that the probability of formation of endohedral 7Be@C60 by nuclear implantation technique was (5.6+-0.45)%. It is known from earlier works that the half-life of endohedral 7Be@C60 is about 1.2% shorter than that of 7Be implanted in gold. An analysis of these results using linear muffin-tin orbital method calculations indicates that most of the implanted 7Be ions in fullerene C60 stay at a distance of about 5.3 Angstrom from the centers of nearest C60 molecules forming exohedral compounds and those who enter the fullerene cages go to the centers of the cages forming endohedral 7Be@C60 compounds.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, to be submitted to Physical Review C
The strong arm of the law: a unified account of necessary and contingent laws of nature
Creators: name: Hirèche, Salim
name: Linnemann, Niels
name: Michels, Robert
name: Vogt, Lisa
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Laws of nature
subject: Metaphysical necessity
subject: Nomic necessity
subject: Necessitarianism about laws of nature
subject: Kinematical/dynamical distinction
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::100 Philosophie::102 Verschiedenes

description: A common feature of all standard theories of the laws of nature is that they are ‘absolutist’: They take laws to be either all metaphysically necessary or all contingent. Science, however, gives us reason to think that there are laws of both kinds, suggesting that standard theories should make way for ‘non-absolutist’ alternatives: theories which accommodate laws of both modal statuses. In this paper, we set out three explanatory challenges for any candidate non-absolutist theory, and discuss the prospects of the two extant candidates in light of these challenges. We then develop our own non-absolutist theory, the essentialist DTA account, which combines the nomic-necessitation or DTA account with an essentialist approach to metaphysical modality in order to meet the three explanatory challenges. Finally, we argue that the distinction between kinematical and dynamical laws found in physical theories supports both non-absolutism in general and our proposed essentialist DTA view in particular.
Fixing the functoriality of Khovanov homology: a simple approach
Creators: name: Sano, Taketo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K18

description: Khovanov homology is functorial up to sign with respect to link cobordisms. The sign indeterminacy has been fixed by several authors, by extending the original theory both conceptually and algebraically. In this paper we propose an alternative approach: we stay in the classical setup and fix the functoriality by simply adjusting the signs of the morphisms associated to the Reidemeister moves and the Morse moves.
Microbial Nitric Oxide, Nitrous Oxide, and Nitrous Acid Emissions from Drylands
Creators: name: Behrendt, Thomas
name: Agam, Nurit
name: Horn, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Reactive nitrogen compounds (Nr, which include NOx (i.e., NO+NO2), N2O, ammonia, and HONO) have a large impact on atmospheric chemical composition and, thus, on climate. Nitric oxide (NO) is a chemically reactive trace gas that reacts with ozone (O3) to form NO2 (Crutzen 1979). The formation of O3 depends on a sensitive relationship between NOx (NO+NO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOC) (Sillman et al. 1990). Thus, even trace levels of NOx can activate O3 production. O3 itself can enrich the troposphere and as a short-lived climate pollutant (SLCP) can affect the climate (Shoemaker et al. 2013). Nitrous oxide (N2O) is among the most important greenhouse gases, together with H2O, CO2, and CH4. N2O has a relatively long lifetime, is enriched in the troposphere, and impacts the earth’s radiative balance (Ciais et al. 2013). When N2O enters the stratosphere, it reacts with O3 to NO, thereby depleting the ozone layer (Crutzen 1979).