cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Redirect: Countering Radicalization in Calgary Using Community-Based Policing
Creators: name: Reyes, John Alexander
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Radicalization
subject: Community-based
subject: Police
subject: Policing
subject: Law Enforcement
subject: Radicalized Group
subject: Redirect Program
subject: Calgary
subject: Canada
subject: Canadian
subject: Extremism
subject: Channel Strategy
subject: Calgary Police Service
subject: Counter-Radicalization
subject: Marginalization
subject: Intervention
subject: Post-9/11
subject: Security
subject: Terrorism
subject: Anthropology--Cultural
subject: History--Modern
subject: History--Canadian
subject: History--United States
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Ethnic and Racial Studies

description: During the height of the wars in Iraq and Syria, the city of Calgary experienced a notable increase in the number of citizens who were radicalized and recruited by the Islamic State (IS). In response, the Calgary Police Service (CPS) attempted a new approach to address radicalization within the city – the Redirect Program. Redirect is a community-based program that forms a partnership between police and civilian professionals to implement an intervention-style counter-radicalization program. The program signified a unique shift in traditional security discourses by suggesting that community involvement and individual stressor mitigation were necessary to prevent an individual from progressing down the path of radicalization. As such, my project focuses on how Redirect understands stressors like marginalization as a pathway to radicalization, and how it integrates civilians into program directives to counter the radicalization process. Using a combination of interviews with Redirect staff and survey data collected from University of Calgary students, my project explores how each of those groups understand the foundational structures of community-based policing and radicalization. The results of my study from the perspective of police suggests that Redirect recognized radicalization as a process and that counter-radicalization needed to be a process in turn as well. It also suggests that intervention-style programs need to address individual stressors on a case-by-base basis. From the student perspective, post-9/11 discourses on Islamic-based terrorism and perceptions of current events were influential in their understanding of radicalization and community-based policing. Moreover, one of the most significant findings of my study is that there was still a notable disconnect between traditional policing systems and the way community-based police programs integrate civilian participation. Students categorically did not clearly differentiate between traditional policing methods and community-based police programs. As such, the perceived limitations and criticisms associated with traditional policing remained present in the way students perceived Redirect, despite the program’s focus on creating pathways to build positive relationships between police and communities.
Additional file 4 of Innate lymphoid cells exhibited IL-17-expressing phenotype in active tuberculosis disease
Creators: name: Pan, Linyue
name: Chen, Xiaoli
name: Liu, Xuanqi
name: Qiu, Wenjia
name: Liu, Yunhuan
name: Jiang, Weiping
name: Zheng, Yang
name: Mou, Yan
name: Xu, Wei
name: Li, Xiangyang
name: Ge, Haiyan
name: Zhu, Huili
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. The correlation between plasma IL-23 and CD117+ ILC2, ILC3 in TB group. The correlation between plasma IL-23 and CD117+ ILC2 (A) (as the percentage of total CD45+ lymphocytes). The correlation between plasma IL-23 and ILC3 (B) (as the percentage of total CD45+ lymphocytes).
Detection and Mitigation of Bias in Machine Learning Software and Datasets
Creators: name: Das, Ajoy
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: bias
subject: fairness
subject: machine learning
subject: software fairness
subject: labeling inconsistency
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Computer Science

description: Fairness, i.e., lack of bias during a decision-making process is a desirable property in any software system that is used to make critical decisions (e.g., mortgage approval). However, with the rise of Machine Learning (ML) systems, the concern for unfair systems is also growing rapidly as ML systems are inherently difficult to understand and debug. Moreover, datasets that contain various types of biases can be drastic to the users and systems that utilize these datasets. We have already seen evidence of the drastic influence of bias in various cases, ranging from job recruitment to parole approval. As a result, fairness metrics and mitigation approaches are being increasingly necessary to deal with this issue. Given the growing importance of bias detection and mitigation approaches for ML software systems, it is important to learn how bias is detected and mitigated in ML software systems and datasets and how we could assist in the detection and mitigation of such biases using novel toolkits. In this thesis, we explore this topic from two dimensions: (1) First, we qualitatively study how fairness APIs (i.e. software libraries) are used in the wild (i.e., in open-source ML software systems) to detect and mitigate diverse use cases. (2) Second, we develop a suite of toolkits to support the detection and mitigation of labeling inconsistency bias in sentiment analysis datasets for software engineering (SE). A labeling inconsistency arises when two similar sentences in the datasets have different labels, whereas they should ideally have the same labels. Our major observations in this thesis are: (1) Fairness APIs are increasingly being used in diverse real- world use cases, but developers find it challenging to properly use the APIs. (2) Despite having several fairness APIs, we still need new toolkit support besides the fairness APIs to address a bias like labeling inconsistency in sentiment analysis for software engineering (SA4SE) datasets. Our developed toolkits can aid in this task. (3) Our developed toolkits can be adapted to address labeling inconsistency bias problems in any textual datasets that are used to build classification-based ML models.
Design of Anthropomorphic Interfaces for Autonomous Vehicle-Pedestrian Interaction
Creators: name: Wei, Wei
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Anthropomorphism
subject: AV-pedestrian Interaction
subject: Immersive Analytics
subject: VR
subject: Information Science
subject: Computer Science

description: Autonomous Vehicle (AV) technology promises to revolutionize human life. The promise of AVs includes reduced highway congestion, more efficient energy usage, and cheaper goods and services. However, without careful design, removing human drivers from vehicles will eliminate the natural communication channels which enable pedestrians to navigate safely. This thesis aims to design, present, and study anthropomorphic interfaces for autonomous vehicles, with the objective of enabling AVs to communicate with pedestrians through non-verbal cues. Non-verbal human communication is vital in human relationships. People use non-verbal communication when speech is impractical, such as when interacting with vehicles. When looking into ways in which AVs can use non-verbal communication to interact with pedestrians, we were inspired by the prospect of using anthropomorphic interfaces. This concept is well explored in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) but has not been investigated in the context of AVs. For this thesis, we explored the design of anthropomorphic interfaces for autonomous vehicles. First, we proposed three types of anthropomorphic interfaces for AVs: facial expressions, hand gestures, and humanoid torsos. We developed a design space for each category using sketches and a low-fi prototype. Then, to research the benefits and limitations of anthropomorphic AVs, we implemented our AV interfaces in a Virtual Reality (VR) environment and developed two testbeds to evaluate their feasibility and scalability. Finally, we conducted two studies using the two testbeds. We investigated the study results using immersive analytics alongside traditional methods and revealed that anthropomorphic AVs could be helpful in AV-pedestrian interaction when designed by specific guidelines. Since we studied anthropomorphic AVs in VR, we were interested in the possibilities of analyzing the data of our study in an immersive environment. We designed a VR prototype specifically to analyze the data collected from the anthropomorphic AV study. The prototype provided basic immersive analytics features for the AV study data. We conducted an expert session with two domain experts to evaluate our immersive analytics prototype. The study contributed insights into the opportunities and challenges of utilizing immersive analytics to analyze AV studies.
Kinship analysis reveals low dispersal in a hog deer (Axis porcinus) population in Wilsons Promontory National Park, Australia
Creators: name: Hill, Erin
name: Murphy, Nicholas
name: Linacre, A
name: Toop, S
name: Strugnell, Jan
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences

description: Context. A wild population of non-native hog deer has established in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia, and there is particular concern about its impact on native vegetation in Wilsons Promontory National Park (WPNP). Since 2015, there has been annual culling of hog deer at WPNP to reduce deer abundances and impacts. Aims. The aims of this study were to use a kinship approach based on genotyping to assess contemporary dispersal of hog deer across WPNP, by identifying close kin, to determine whether dispersal of deer into culled sites from unculled sites may affect the long-term success of management there. Differences in the dispersal of male and female hog deer were also investigated. Methods. In total, 91 hog deer tissue samples were collected across WPNP and surrounding sites. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were sequenced, and a final dataset comprising 8275 SNPs was used for analysis. First-order, second-order, and intermediate relative pairs were identified, and the geographic distance between these pairs was assessed to determine inter-pair distances to infer dispersal. Spatial autocorrelation between male and female samples was evaluated to measure the effects of sex-biased dispersal. Key results. Only seven second-order relative pairs were found across different sites, with a 30 km distance between the furthest pair observed. However, most inter-pair distances across sites were ~5–10 km. Analyses of sex-biased dispersal showed that movement by deer was not strongly influenced by one sex. Conclusions. Although hog deer in WPNP are genetically similar, most relatives that were sampled were not widely dispersed. This suggests that there is limited dispersal of hog deer across this park. Implications. Recolonisation of hog deer at culled sites via dispersal is likely to be infrequent in WPNP. Kinship analysis provides an effective method of assessing contemporary dispersal and could be applied to other species to assess fine-scale movement across landscapes.
From pyrrhic victory to combating an unknown quantity : matériel's qualified utility during the Second Iraq War
Creators: name: Goosenberg, Scott R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Lost in the Second Iraq War’s rancorous run-up was the reality that matériel primacy and a preponderance of personnel are beneficial for employing force effectively only insofar as they can be viably exploited via an appropriate doctrine and apposite tactics. U.S.-led Coalition forces lacked the requisite capacity to adopt these methods, however, and thus employ force efficaciously subsequent to Operation Iraqi Freedom’s (O.I.F.’s) conclusion on April 9, 2003. Securing the postwar peace after the Second Iraq War's initial phase formally ended required the calibrated use of military might to shore up a host-nation’s government and win over the local population. Doing so became impossible in large part due to pre-invasion complacency and post-invasion confusion. Moreover, then-Army Chief of Staff Gen. Eric K. Shinseki had, contrary to popular belief, countenanced then-Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld’s invasion strategy for the Second Iraq War in its run-up. The two had, I argue, merely disagreed over how to secure the peace and with what size footprint, not over the invasion strategy, despite the former being what really required a great deal of modifications. Distracted by prewar saber rattling over the war’s merits or lack thereof, the fact that Messrs. Shinseki and Rumsfeld each possessed flawed postwar strategies in the absence of a population-centric counterinsurgency element became papered over. Bureaucratic feuding also gave way to a closed and faulty assumption driven war-planning process, which, followed as it was by maladroit and ad hoc efforts post-O.I.F., further constrained U.S. Coalition forces’ efforts. Thus, a tenfold troop increase of conventionally trained soldiers, as suggested by Gen. Shinseki for pacifying postwar Iraq, would not have beneficially altered the war’s outcome. Absent knowledge of opponents’ methods and an applicable counterinsurgency doctrine, ceteris paribus, a troop augmentation of conventional forces would not have enabled a superior outcome.
Student Engagement in Online English Language Courses for Vocational Education in Colombia
Creators: name: Diaz Caceres, Zulay
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: student engagement
subject: vocational education
subject: English language courses
subject: online learning
subject: instructor teaching presence and pedagogical strategies
subject: curriculum and assessment
subject: mixed methods
subject: Education--Bilingual and Multicultural
subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Education--Language and Literature
subject: Education--Technology
subject: Education--Vocational

description: The purpose of this study was to examine student engagement in online English language courses in a vocational education institution (i.e., National Service of Learning, SENA) in Colombia to understand the extent to which the current curriculum and assessment and instructor teaching presence and pedagogical strategies contribute to student engagement in learning. In addition, it aimed to identify the factors beyond the curriculum, assessment, and pedagogy employed in the institution’s online English courses, which might have facilitated or hindered student engagement. Using an explanatory sequential mixed methods design, the SENA online English language curriculum and assessment tasks were analyzed. In addition, online surveys were administered to students enrolled in the online English language courses and their instructors. The online survey data were also supplemented with one-on-one, in-depth student and instructor interviews. The design features of the SENA English language curriculum were found to be limited in terms of the provision of opportunities for students to collaborate and engage in active learning. Student and instructor participants’ self-reported data indicated a high level of instructor teaching presence in online English language courses. However, student participants held less favorable perceptions of instructors’ use of the following strategies: Promoting Active Learning and for strategies of Collaboration and Interactivity. The interview data highlighted the need for giving more agency to the instructors even at the stage of course design and for finding effective ways to engage students in collaboration. Instructors may also need continuing professional development in the design and facilitation of online learning activities and authentic English language assessments. Both student and instructor participants reported that the top three contributing factors of student engagement in online English language courses were: students’ self-discipline, students’ attitude toward the English language, and students’ study habits. As a result of the study, recommendations were proposed for SENA to improve the quality of the English language curriculum and assessment for instructors and students. In sum, the study findings shed light on future directions of the SENA online English language courses and may inform policy makers who are interested in developing or adapting online English language programs for their citizens, especially for those who are in trades.
Probabilistic selection and design of concrete using machine learning
Creators: name: Forsdyke, Jessica C.
name: Zviazhynski, Bahdan
name: Lees, Janet M.
name: Conduit, Gareth J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Development of robust concrete mixes with a lower environmental impact is challenging due to natural variability in constituent materials and a multitude of possible combinations of mix proportions. Making reliable property predictions with machine learning can facilitate performance-based specification of concrete, reducing material inefficiencies and improving the sustainability of concrete construction. In this work, we develop a machine learning algorithm that can utilize intermediate target variables and their associated noise to predict the final target variable. We apply the methodology to specify a concrete mix that has high resistance to carbonation, and another concrete mix that has low environmental impact. Both mixes also fulfill targets on the strength, density, and cost. The specified mixes are experimentally validated against their predictions. Our generic methodology enables the exploitation of noise in machine learning, which has a broad range of applications in structural engineering and beyond.
description: 21 pages (18 pages paper + 3 pages supplementary material)
Zn-induced spin dynamics in overdoped La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$Cu$_{1-y}$Zn$_y$O$_4$
Creators: name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Yamani, Z.
name: Dhital, Chetan
name: Freelon, B.
name: Freeman, P. G.
name: Fernandez-Baca, J. A.
name: Yamada, K.
name: Wakimoto, S.
name: Buyers, W. J. L.
name: Birgeneau, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin fluctuations and the local spin susceptibility in isovalently Zn-substituted La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$Cu$_{1-y}$Zn$_y$O$_4$ ($x=0.25$, $y\approx0.01$) are measured via inelastic neutron scattering techniques. As Zn$^{2+}$ is substituted onto the Cu$^{2+}$-sites, an anomalous enhancement of the local spin susceptibility $χ^{\prime\prime}(ω)$ appears due to the emergence of a commensurate antiferromagnetic excitation centered at wave vector \textbf{Q}$=(π, π, 0)$ that coexists with the known incommensurate SDW excitations at \textbf{Q}$_{HK}=(π\pmδ,π), (π,π\pmδ)$. Our results support a picture of Zn-induced antiferromagnetic (AF) fluctuations appearing through a local staggered polarization of Cu$^{2+}$-spins, and the simultaneous suppression of T$_c$ as AF fluctuations are slowed in proximity to Zn-impurities suggests the continued importance of high energy AF fluctuations at the far overdoped edge of superconductivity in the cuprates.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Making Nationalism Work: German Attempts at Liberalism and Nationalism, 1848-1871
Creators: name: Mitchell, Blake
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Germany
subject: Liberalism
subject: Nationalism
subject: Nineteenth Century
subject: Bismarck
subject: Metternich
subject: France
subject: Italy
subject: 1848
subject: Economics--History

description: Between 1815 and 1848, a burgeoning liberal democratic movement challenged the conservative monarchies of Germany. During the Revolutions of 1848, that movement was able to seize power and establish a new Germany which promised a nation-state based on rights and freedoms. However, by 1871 and the establishment of the German Empire Germany had gone from a burgeoning liberal state to a military autocracy clad in the garb of a federation. By examining the constitutions of the two states, as well as the reasons behind the structures of those constitutions and the decisions which went into writing them, this thesis examines how exactly the liberal movement in Germany lost so decisively that within nearly 20 years of a temporarily successful revolution the liberal movement in Germany had been marginalized and reduced to relying on the support of Otto von Bismarck. It concludes that the German liberal movement had started off internally divided, and therefore when they took power in 1848 they were faced with the realization that while they had thought they shared a common perception of what rights and freedoms meant they in fact disagreed about all of the details. Their attempt to resolve these differences took a long enough time that they were unable to overcome the difficulties their broader political situation posed, and therefore a counterrevolution succeeded. Otto von Bismarck was able to present himself as a better version of the liberals, who could provide everything they had offered while also successfully compromising with the existing power structure in Germany. By doing so, he was able to establish a united German state. This is reflected in the differences between the two constitutions. The 1848 constitution very carefully allocates powers, while Bismarck’s 1866 and later 1871 constitution defers to existing treaties between the German states. This explains the differences between the two constitutions, and also the degree to which the liberal movement in Germany was weakened.
New Scale Factor Measure
Creators: name: Bousso, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The computation of probabilities in an eternally inflating universe requires a regulator or "measure". The scale factor time measure truncates the universe when a congruence of timelike geodesics has expanded by a fixed volume factor. This definition breaks down if the generating congruence is contracting---a serious limitation that excludes from consideration gravitationally bound regions such as our own. Here we propose a closely related regulator which is well-defined in the entire spacetime. The New Scale Factor Cutoff restricts to events with scale factor below a given value. Since the scale factor vanishes at caustics and crunches, this cutoff always includes an infinite number of disconnected future regions. We show that this does not lead to divergences. The resulting measure combines desirable features of the old scale factor cutoff and of the light-cone time cutoff, while eliminating some of the disadvantages of each.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure; v2: references added
Effect of inplane electric field on magnetotransport in helical metal
Creators: name: Wei, Huazhou
name: Chao, Sung-Po
name: Aji, Vivek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of helical surface states in a bulk insulator, with anomalous magneto-electric properties, is a remarkable new development in solid state physics. The linear dispersion of the the fermions leads to a form of Lorentz invariance, with the Fermi velocity playing the role of the velocity of light ($c$). In a crossed electric and magnetic field the single particle states form Landau levels whose energies can be changed by varying the applied \emph{in-plane electric} field. The degeneracy remains constant and is determined by the magnetic field. In the letter we study the nature of the mangeto-oscillation in conductivity and thermopower as a function of the \emph{in-plane electric} field.
description: 5 pages, version 2 is the published one with slight modifications
Gravitational wave background from rotating neutron stars
Creators: name: Rosado, Pablo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The background of gravitational waves produced by the ensemble of rotating neutron stars (which includes pulsars, magnetars and gravitars) is investigated. A formula for Ω(f) (commonly used to quantify the background) is derived, properly taking into account the time evolution of the systems since their formation until the present day. Moreover, the formula allows one to distinguish the different parts of the background: the unresolvable (which forms a stochastic background) and the resolvable. Several estimations of the background are obtained, for different assumptions on the parameters that characterize neutron stars and their population. In particular, different initial spin period distributions lead to very different results. For one of the models, with slow initial spins, the detection of the background can be rejected. However, other models do predict the detection of the background by the future ground-based gravitational wave detector ET. A robust upper limit for the background of rotating neutron stars is obtained; it does not exceed the detection threshold of two cross-correlated Advanced LIGO interferometers. If gravitars exist and constitute more than a few percent of the neutron star population, then they produce an unresolvable background that could be detected by ET. Under the most reasonable assumptions on the parameters characterizing a neutron star, the background is too faint. Previous papers have suggested neutron star models in which large magnetic fields (like the ones that characterize magnetars) induce big deformations in the star, which produce a stronger emission of gravitational radiation. Considering the most optimistic (in terms of the detection of gravitational waves) of these models, an upper limit for the background produced by magnetars is obtained; it could be detected by ET, but not by BBO or DECIGO.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures
A Unifying Analysis of Projected Gradient Descent for $\ell_p$-constrained Least Squares
Creators: name: Bahmani, Sohail
name: Raj, Bhiksha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we study the performance of the Projected Gradient Descent(PGD) algorithm for $\ell_{p}$-constrained least squares problems that arise in the framework of Compressed Sensing. Relying on the Restricted Isometry Property, we provide convergence guarantees for this algorithm for the entire range of $0\leq p\leq1$, that include and generalize the existing results for the Iterative Hard Thresholding algorithm and provide a new accuracy guarantee for the Iterative Soft Thresholding algorithm as special cases. Our results suggest that in this group of algorithms, as $p$ increases from zero to one, conditions required to guarantee accuracy become stricter and robustness to noise deteriorates.
description: 16 pages, 3 Figures
Foreground Predictions for the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectrum from Measurements of Faint Inverted Radio Sources at 5 GHz
Creators: name: Schneider, Michael D.
name: Becker, Robert H.
name: de Vries, Willem
name: White, Richard L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of a population of matched radio sources at 1.4 and 5 GHz down to a flux limit of 1.5 mJy in 7 sq. degs. of the NOAO Deep Field South. We find a significant fraction of sources with inverted spectral indices that all have 1.4 GHz fluxes less than 10 mJy, and are therefore too faint to have been detected and included in previous radio source count models that are matched at multiple frequencies. Combined with the matched source population at 1.4 and 5 GHz in 1 sq. deg. in the ATESP survey, we update models for the 5 GHz differential number counts and distributions of spectral indices in 5 GHz flux bins that can be used to estimate the unresolved point source contribution to the cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropies. We find a shallower logarithmic slope in the 5 GHz differential counts than in previously published models for fluxes < 100 mJy as well as larger fractions of inverted spectral indices at these fluxes. Because the Planck flux limit for resolved sources is larger than 100 mJy in all channels, our modified number counts yield at most a 10% change in the predicted Poisson contribution to the Planck temperature power spectrum. For a flux cut of 5 mJy with the South Pole Telescope and a flux cut of 20 mJy with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope we predict a ~30% and ~10% increase, respectively, in the radio source Poisson power in the lowest frequency channels of each experiment relative to that predicted by previous models.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, includes ApJ proof corrections
Extending the CRESST-II commissioning run limits to lower masses
Creators: name: Brown, Andrew
name: Henry, Sam
name: Kraus, Hans
name: McCabe, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent interest in light WIMPs of mass ~O(10 GeV), an extension of the elastic, spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross-section limits resulting from the CRESST-II commissioning run (2007) are presented. Previously, these data were used to set cross-section limits from 1000 GeV down to ~17 GeV, using tungsten recoils, in 47.9 kg-days of exposure of calcium tungstate. Here, the overlap of the oxygen and calcium bands with the acceptance region of the commissioning run data set is reconstructed using previously published quenching factors. The resulting elastic WIMP cross section limits, accounting for the additional exposure of oxygen and calcium, are presented down to 5 GeV.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 11: of Genome-wide analysis of genes encoding core components of the ubiquitin system in soybean (Glycine max) reveals a potential role for ubiquitination in host immunity against soybean cyst nematode
Creators: name: Zhang, Chunyu
name: Song, Li
name: Choudhary, Mani
name: Zhou, Bangjun
name: Sun, Guangchao
name: Broderick, Kyle
name: Giesler, Loren
name: Zeng, Lirong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S8. Phylogenetic analysis of soybean U-box domain-containing proteins. (PDF 31 kb)
SMAPVEX19-22 Millbrook Temporary Soil Moisture Network
Creators: name: Kelly, Vicky
name: Cosh, Michael
name: Colliander, Andreas
Publisher: name: Cary Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computational modelling and simulation in earth sciences

description: These data consist of ground-based soil moisture, soil temperature, and air temperature measurements recorded by twenty-five temporary stations located in the vicinity of Millbrook, NY during the SMAPVEX19-22 campaign. The stations were installed across an area of approximately 25 km by 30 km in May 2019 and operated through 2022.
Deliverable D-JRP-PARADISE-WP4.1 Report on the cloning and sequencing of aptamers specific for C. parvum and G. duodenalis
Creators: name: Caccio Simone M
name: Lalle Marco
name: Troell Karin
name: Karadjian Gregory
name: Klotz Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: aptamers, Cryptosporidium parvum, Giardia duodenalis

description: This is a deliverale report from WP4 of the "OHEJP project PARADISE".
The Role of AI in Human-AI Creative Writing for Hong Kong Secondary Students
Creators: name: Susanto, Hengky
name: Woo, David James
name: Guo, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent advancement in Natural Language Processing (NLP) capability has led to the development of language models (e.g., ChatGPT) that is capable of generating human-like language. In this study, we explore how language models can be utilized to help the ideation aspect of creative writing. Our empirical findings show that language models play different roles in helping student writers to be more creative, such as the role of a collaborator, a provocateur, etc
Stepping away from the Campfire: Decolonizing the Concept of Eating Disorders through an Indigenous Focusing Oriented Therapy Lens
Creators: name: Plante, Maureen
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mental health
subject: Eating disorders
subject: Indigenous health
subject: Indigenous Focusing Oriented Therapy
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Education--Health

description: Eating disorders are severe mental health concerns that have profound mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual implications for a person. Despite the severity of eating disorders, eating disorders continue to be predominately understood, researched, and treated through Western ways of knowing, doing, and being. In 2015, the 94 Calls to Action was released by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada (TRC), stipulating the need for culturally appropriate training when working with First Nations, Métis, and Inuit peoples. The Canadian Psychological Association and the Psychology Foundation of Canada posit that research and treatment for First Nations, Métis, and Inuit peoples must be culturally relevant. An area within mental health discourse that continues to neglect appropriate and culturally relevant care for First Nations, Métis, and Inuit peoples are eating disorders. Therefore, this research responds to the Canadian Psychological Association and the Psychology Foundation of Canada task force. Through a relational Cree-based methodology, conversations with knowledge carriers, and introspective processes, this study examines how Indigenous Focusing-Oriented Therapists (IFOT) see eating disorders. This research takes in the interconnected and relational aspects of understanding to deepen the knowledge that eating disorders are an act of survival in response to experiences of racism, sexism, colonization, and emotional, physical, and sexual abuse.
Spherical 3D Isotropic Wavelets
Creators: name: Lanusse, F.
name: Rassat, A.
name: Starck, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future cosmological surveys will provide 3D large scale structure maps with large sky coverage, for which a 3D Spherical Fourier-Bessel (SFB) analysis in spherical coordinates is natural. Wavelets are particularly well-suited to the analysis and denoising of cosmological data, but a spherical 3D isotropic wavelet transform does not currently exist to analyse spherical 3D data. The aim of this paper is to present a new formalism for a spherical 3D isotropic wavelet, i.e. one based on the SFB decomposition of a 3D field and accompany the formalism with a public code to perform wavelet transforms. We describe a new 3D isotropic spherical wavelet decomposition based on the undecimated wavelet transform (UWT) described in Starck et al. 2006. We also present a new fast Discrete Spherical Fourier-Bessel Transform (DSFBT) based on both a discrete Bessel Transform and the HEALPIX angular pixelisation scheme. We test the 3D wavelet transform and as a toy-application, apply a denoising algorithm in wavelet space to the Virgo large box cosmological simulations and find we can successfully remove noise without much loss to the large scale structure. We have described a new spherical 3D isotropic wavelet transform, ideally suited to analyse and denoise future 3D spherical cosmological surveys, which uses a novel Discrete Spherical Fourier-Bessel Transform. We illustrate its potential use for denoising using a toy model. All the algorithms presented in this paper are available for download as a public code called MRS3D at http://jstarck.free.fr/mrs3d.html
description: 9 pages + appendices. Public code can be downloaded at http://jstarck.free.fr/mrs3d.html Corrected typos and updated references. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
title: Universitätsbibliothek Marburg, Ms. or. 19: XIX. Cod. C in Cat. VI: [Sammelhandschrift] Burhān-ad-Dīn az-Zarnūǧī u.a.
Creators: name: Zarnūǧī, Burhān-ad-Dīn az-
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Manuscripts & rare books
Handschriften, seltene Bücher

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: [Handschrift] Universitätsbibliothek Marburg Ms. or. 19: XIX. Cod. C in Cat. VI: [Sammelhandschrift] Burhān-ad-Dīn az-Zarnūǧī u.a. - 107 Blätter : Beschreibstoff Papier : Blattformat 13,5 x 20 cm. - Erschienen: [Islamische Welt / MENA-Region, 17. Jahrhundert]. - Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - Signatur: Ms. or. 19. - Bemerkungen: Sammelhandschrift besteht aus fünf Teilen: 1: Taʿlīm al-mutaʿallim fī ṭarīq at-taʿallum. - 2: Šarḥ al-Mašāriq. - 3: [Risāla fī auqāt aṣ-ṣalāt]. - 4: [Faṣlān ʿan wiqāyat al-maulūd]. - 5: [Persische Verslehre]. Frühere Signatur: Cod. C in Cat VI. Provenienz: Schröder, Johann Wilhelm (1726 - 1793). - Ausführliche Beschreibung: Al-Toma, Adnan Jawad: Die arabischen Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg; Marburg : Universitätsbibliothek, [1979]; S. 115-121. - Bibliographischer Nachweis: https://www.qalamos.net/receive/DE4Book_manuscript_00000026. - Digitalisiert 2023
Power to the Data Defenders: Human-Centered Disclosure Risk Calibration of Open Data
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Kaustav
name: Dasgupta, Aritra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The open data ecosystem is susceptible to vulnerabilities due to disclosure risks. Though the datasets are anonymized during release, the prevalence of the release-and-forget model makes the data defenders blind to privacy issues arising after the dataset release. One such issue can be the disclosure risks in the presence of newly released datasets which may compromise the privacy of the data subjects of the anonymous open datasets. In this paper, we first examine some of these pitfalls through the examples we observed during a red teaming exercise and then envision other possible vulnerabilities in this context. We also discuss proactive risk monitoring, including developing a collection of highly susceptible open datasets and a visual analytic workflow that empowers data defenders towards undertaking dynamic risk calibration strategies.
description: In Proceedings of the Symposium on Usable Security and Privacy (USEC) 2023
Trust and Reliance in Consensus-Based Explanations from an Anti-Misinformation Agent
Creators: name: Ueno, Takane
name: Kim, Yeongdae
name: Oura, Hiroki
name: Seaborn, Katie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The illusion of consensus occurs when people believe there is consensus across multiple sources, but the sources are the same and thus there is no "true" consensus. We explore this phenomenon in the context of an AI-based intelligent agent designed to augment metacognition on social media. Misinformation, especially on platforms like Twitter, is a global problem for which there is currently no good solution. As an explainable AI (XAI) system, the agent provides explanations for its decisions on the misinformed nature of social media content. In this late-breaking study, we explored the roles of trust (attitude) and reliance (behaviour) as key elements of XAI user experience (UX) and whether these influenced the illusion of consensus. Findings show no effect of trust, but an effect of reliance on consensus-based explanations. This work may guide the design of anti-misinformation systems that use XAI, especially the user-centred design of explanations.
description: 7 pages
title: Universitätsbibliothek Marburg Ms. 30: Johannes Sperinek - Marcus de Gattinaria - Blasius de Astariis
Creators: name: Gatinaria, Marco
name: Astarius, Blasius
name: Bartholomaeus, de Montagna
name: Arnoldus, de Villa Nova
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Manuscripts & rare books
Handschriften, seltene Bücher

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: [Handschrift] Universitätsbibliothek Marburg Ms. 30: Johannes Sperinek - Marcus de Gattinaria - Blasius de Astariis. - [Norditalien], [1508/09]. - 140 Blätter ; Beschreibstoff: Papier; 17,5 x 12,5 cm. - Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - Signatur: Ms. 30 Bemerkungen: Frühere Signaturen: Mscr. 30, B 24. Provenienz: Clauser, Christoph (1500-1552). - Ausführliche Beschreibung: Heyne, Sirka: Die mittelalterlichen Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg; Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 2002; S. 92-94. - Digitalisiert 2023
Calf and human perspectives about handling and restraint during western Canadian beef calf processing events
Creators: name: Arkangel, Lindsey
Publisher: name: Veterinary Medicine
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: beef calf
subject: beef cattle
subject: animal welfare
subject: animal behaviour
subject: calf processing
subject: mixed methods
subject: Education--Agricultural
subject: Veterinary Science

description: Beef calf processing involves individually handling and restraining calves for procedures such as castration, branding, and vaccination. It also serves an important sociocultural purpose for those in the ranching community. The method by which people handle and restrain calves during processing differs among operations. In western Canada, the most common methods are roping and wrestling (RW), roping and Nord fork (RNF), and using a tilt table (TT). However, the calf welfare implications of these methods, as well as how these common methods are perceived by participants in western Canadian beef calf processing events, are unknown. The first study (Chapter 2) compared the effects of the three common methods of handling and restraint (i.e., RW, RNF, and TT) used to process calves on behavioural indicators associated with calf welfare. It was found that overall, differences detected in the effect of these methods on various indicators during processing were inconsistent. After processing, RNF calves displayed the highest rates of foot stomping, followed by RW calves, then TT calves. This was the first study to evaluate the effects of common handling and restraint methods used in western Canadian beef calf processing events on behavioural indicators associated with calf welfare, as well as include the roping and Nord fork method. The second study (Chapter 3) described how people who participate in processing events perceive common handling and restraint methods used for pre-weaned beef calves on western Canadian cow-calf operations. In this study, it was revealed that participants in western Canadian beef calf processing events prefer the roping and wrestling method the most and the tilt table the least. However, the underlying values behind participants’ indicated preferences shared much in common. Specifically, the values of calf safety and minimizing calf stress, efficiency, convenience, and human safety and limiting labour intensity were shared by many participants when considering handling and restraint methods for processing, regardless of their noted preferences. This was the first time the current perceptions of participants in western Canadian beef calf processing events regarding the common handling and restraint methods were described.
title: Universitätsbibliothek Marburg Ms. or. 3: III. L. S. Cod. B: al-Qurʾān [Koranfragment]
Creators: name: Anonym
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Koran
Manuscripts & rare books
Handschriften, seltene Bücher

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: [Handschrift] Universitätsbibliothek Marburg Ms. or. 3: III. L. S. Cod. B: al-Qurʾān [Koranfragment]. - 69 Blätter; Beschreibstoff: Papier, 17 x 24,7 cm. - Erschienen: [Islamische Welt / MENA-Region, 10./16. Jahrhundert]. - Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - Signatur: Ms. or. 3. - Bemerkungen: Frühere Signatur: L.S. Cod. B. - Provenienz: Schröder, Johann Wilhelm (1726-1793); Schröder, Nikolaus Wilhelm (1721-1798). Ausführliche Beschreibung: Al-Toma, Adnan Jawad: Die arabischen Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg; Marburg : Universitätsbibliothek, [1979]; S. 47-50. - Bibliographischer Nachweis: https://www.qalamos.net/receive/DE4Book_manuscript_00000001. - Digitalisiert 2023
Dephasing of Cooper pairs and subgap electron transport in superconducting hybrids
Creators: name: Semenov, Andrew G.
name: Zaikin, Andrei D.
name: Kuzmin, Leonid S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that electron-electron interactions fundamentally restrict the penetration length of Cooper pairs into a diffusive normal metal (N) from a superconductor (S). At low temperatures this Cooper pair dephasing length $L_φ$ remains finite and does not diverge at $T \to 0$. We evaluate the subgap conductance of NS hybrids in the presence of electron-electron interactions and demonstrate that this new length $L_φ$ can be directly extracted from conductance measurements in such structures.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures