cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Illusion of the Perpetual Money Machine
Creators: name: Sornette, D.
name: Cauwels, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the present crisis and stalling economy continuing since 2007 are rooted in the delusionary belief in policies based on a "perpetual money machine" type of thinking. We document strong evidence that, since the early 1980s, consumption has been increasingly funded by smaller savings, booming financial profits, wealth extracted from house price appreciation and explosive debt. This is in stark contrast with the productivity-fueled growth that was seen in the 1950s and 1960s. This transition, starting in the early 1980s, was further supported by a climate of deregulation and a massive growth in financial derivatives designed to spread and diversify the risks globally. The result has been a succession of bubbles and crashes, including the worldwide stock market bubble and great crash of October 1987, the savings and loans crisis of the 1980s, the burst in 1991 of the enormous Japanese real estate and stock market bubbles, the emerging markets bubbles and crashes in 1994 and 1997, the LTCM crisis of 1998, the dotcom bubble bursting in 2000, the recent house price bubbles, the financialization bubble via special investment vehicles, the stock market bubble, the commodity and oil bubbles and the debt bubbles, all developing jointly and feeding on each other. Rather than still hoping that real wealth will come out of money creation, we need fundamentally new ways of thinking. In uncertain times, it is essential, more than ever, to think in scenarios: what can happen in the future, and, what would be the effect on your wealth and capital? How can you protect against adverse scenarios? We thus end by examining the question "what can we do?" from the macro level, discussing the fundamental issue of incentives and of constructing and predicting scenarios as well as developing investment insights.
description: 27 pages, 18 figures (Notenstein Academy White Paper Series)
title: Bericht zum 23. Treffen der AG Mesolithikum 2014 in Landshut
Creators: name: Richter, Thomas
name: Bartík, Jaroslav
name: Bērziņš, Valdis
name: Blumenröther, Julia
name: Eigner, Jan
name: Gehlen, Birgit
name: Graf, Robert
name: Groß, Daniel
name: Heinen, Martin
name: Ismail-Weber, Maha
name: Kind, Claus-Joachim
name: Leesch, Denise
name: Lübke, Harald
name: Nadler, Martin
name: Pechtl, Joachim
name: Schön, Werner
name: Stapel, Bernhard
name: Wild, Markus
name: Zander, Annabell
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Auf Einladung des Landkreises Landshut fand die 23. Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Mesolithikum vom 21.–23.3.2014 im Landratsamt Landshut statt. An der Tagung nahmen mehr als 60 Wissenschaftler, Studierende und an der Mittelsteinzeit interessierte Amateurarchäologen aus Deutschland, Österreich, Tschechien, Italien, der Schweiz und Dänemark teil. Insgesamt wurden 20 Vorträge gehalten. Neben Berichten aus den einzelnen Arbeitsgebieten der Teilnehmer waren das bayerische Mesolithikum und ein Workshop zur Siedlungsplatzdynamik im Mesolithikum Schwerpunkte der Tagung.
description: The 23rd Annual Meeting of the German Mesolithic Workgroup took place in the district office at Landshut, from 21–23 March 2014 at the invitation of the district of Landshut. The meeting was attended by more than 60 scientists, students and amateur archaeologists from Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Italy, Switzerland and Denmark. A total of 20 papers were presented. In addition to the reports from the individual work areas of the participants, the Bavarian Mesolithic and a workshop on settlement dynamics in the Mesolithic were in the focus of the meeting.
Luzula campestris
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: U. campestris L. em. Hudson (U. glabra Triller, U. carpinifolia Gleditsch) Cat. 318. Bis etwa 1300m: Gegendvon Fully (Garns). 3: FUSS des Mont bei Marügny (Closuit); Törbel (Stehler). - 3a: Ob Gabi gegen die Bleike (Becherer).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
A Primer on Surface Plasmon-Polaritons in Graphene
Creators: name: Bludov, Yu. V.
name: Ferreira, A.
name: Peres, N. M. R.
name: Vasilevskiy, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the properties of surface plasmons-polaritons in graphene and describe three possible ways of coupling electromagnetic radiation in the terahertz (THz) spectral range to this type of surface waves. (i) the attenuated total reflection (ATR) method using a prism in the Otto configuration, (ii) graphene micro-ribbon arrays or monolayers with modulated conductivity, (iii) a metal stripe on top of the graphene layer, and (iv) graphene-based gratings. The text provides a number of original results along with their detailed derivation and discussion.
description: 75 pages
Periodic representations for cubic irrationalities
Creators: name: Abrate, Marco
name: Barbero, Stefano
name: Cerruti, Umberto
name: Murru, Nadir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J68, 11J70

description: In this paper we present some results related to the problem of finding periodic representations for algebraic numbers. In particular, we analyze the problem for cubic irrationalities. We show an interesting relationship between the convergents of bifurcating continued fractions related to a couple of cubic irrationalities, and a particular generalization of the Redei polynomials. Moreover, we give a method to construct a periodic bifurcating continued fraction for any cubic root paired with another determined cubic root.
Generalized qubit portrait of the qutrit state density matrix
Creators: name: Chernega, V. N.
name: Man'ko, O. V.
name: Man'ko, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New inequalities for tomographic probability distributions and density matrices of qutrit states are obtained by means of generalization of qubit portrait method. The approach based on the qudit portrait method to get new entropic inequalities is proposed. It can be applied to the case of arbutrary nonnegative hermitian matrices including the density matrices of multipartite qudit states.
description: 5 pages, submitte to Journal of Russian Laser Research
title: TRAX-CHEMxt: Towards the Homogeneous Chemical Stage of Radiation Damage
Creators: name: Camazzola, Gianmarco
name: Boscolo, Daria
name: Scifoni, Emanuele
name: Dorn, Alexander
name: Durante, Marco
name: Krämer, Michael
name: Abram, Valentino
name: Fuss, Martina C.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: The indirect effect of radiation plays an important role in radio-induced biological damages. Monte Carlo codes have been widely used in recent years to study the chemical evolution of particle tracks. However, due to the large computational efforts required, their applicability is typically limited to simulations in pure water targets and to temporal scales up to the µs. In this work, a new extension of TRAX-CHEM is presented, namely TRAX-CHEMxt, able to predict the chemical yields at longer times, with the capability of exploring the homogeneous biochemical stage. Based on the species coordinates produced around one track, the set of reaction–diffusion equations is solved numerically with a computationally light approach based on concentration distributions. In the overlapping time scale (500 ns–1 µs), a very good agreement to standard TRAX-CHEM is found, with deviations below 6% for different beam qualities and oxygenations. Moreover, an improvement in the computational speed by more than three orders of magnitude is achieved. The results of this work are also compared with those from another Monte Carlo-based algorithm and a fully homogeneous code (Kinetiscope). TRAX-CHEMxt will allow for studying the variation in chemical endpoints at longer timescales with the introduction, as the next step, of biomolecules, for more realistic assessments of biological response under different radiation and environmental conditions.
Stationary scalar configurations around extremal charged black holes
Creators: name: Degollado, Juan Carlos
name: Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the minimally coupled Klein-Gordon equation for a charged, massive scalar field in the non-extremal Reissner-Nordström background. Performing a frequency domain analysis, using a continued fraction method, we compute the frequencies ωfor quasi-bound states. We observe that, as the extremal limit for both the background and the field is approached, the real part of the quasi-bound states frequencies $\mathcal{R}(ω)$ tends to the mass of the field and the imaginary part $\mathcal{I}(ω)$ tends to zero, for any angular momentum quantum number $\ell$. The limiting frequencies in this double extremal limit are shown to correspond to a distribution of extremal scalar particles, at stationary positions, in no-force equilibrium configurations with the background. Thus, generically, these stationary scalar configurations are regular at the event horizon. If, on the other hand, the distribution contains scalar particles at the horizon, the configuration becomes irregular therein, in agreement with no hair theorems for the corresponding Einstein-Maxwell-scalar field system.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Tulipa australis L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: C. australis L. Cat. 318. Die Angabe aus dem Wallis («Gondo») ist zu streichen; sie ist noch von JACCARD selber (Cat. XLVIIIund 431) widerrufen worden. (Die Art kommt im italienischen Grenzgebiet: Becken von Domodossola,vor.)
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Asymptotische Analyse zufälliger diskreter Strukturen mit Methoden der diskreten Potentialtheorie
Creators: name: Michailow, Igor
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Boundary theory
subject: random trees
subject: asymptotics of tree functionals
subject: Randwerttheorie
subject: zufällige Bäume
subject: Asymptotik von Baumfunktionalen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: [no abstract]
Rigidity hierarchy in random point fields: random polynomials and determinantal processes
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subhro
name: Krishnapur, Manjunath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In certain point processes, the configuration of points outside a bounded domain determines, with probability 1, certain statistical features of the points within the domain. This notion, called rigidity, was introduced in a work of Ghosh and Peres. In this paper, rigidity and the related notion of tolerance are examined systematically and point processes with rigidity of various degrees are introduced. Natural classes of point processes such as determinantal point processes, zero sets of Gaussian entire functions and perturbed lattices are examined from the point of view of rigidity, and general conditions are provided for them to exhibit specified nature of spatially rigid behaviour. In particular, we examine the rigidity of determinantal point processes in terms of their kernel, and demonstrate that a necessary condition for determinantal processes to exhibit rigidity is that their kernel must be a projection. We introduce a one parameter family of point processes which exhibit arbitrarily high levels of rigidity (depending on the choice of parameter value), answering a natural question on point processes with higher levels of rigidity (beyond the known examples of rigidity of local mass and center of mass). Our one parameter family is also related to a natural extension of the standard planar Gaussian analytic function process and their zero sets.
Laser theory for quantum optomechanics
Creators: name: Lörch, Niels
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Laser theory
subject: quantum optomechanics
subject: trapped ions
subject: Laser Theorie
subject: Quanten-Optomechanik
subject: gefangene Ionen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Paratimea duplex
Creators: name: Morrow, Christine
name: Cárdenas, Paco
name: Boury-Esnault, Nicole
name: Picton, Bernard
name: Mccormack, Grace
name: Soest, Rob Van
name: Collins, Allen
name: Redmond, Niamh
name: Maggs, Christine
name: Sigwart, Julia
name: Allcock, Louise A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Axinellida
Stelligeridae
Paratimea
Paratimea duplex

description: PARATIMEA DUPLEX (TOPSENT, 1927)
(FIG. 3A–D; REPRODUCED FROM TOPSENT, 1928: PL. 6, FIG. 21)
Material examined: Type material: Holotype MNHN-DT-1094, dried specimen, station 1116, 50 miles off the coast of Mogador, Morocco, 31°43.50′N, 10°46.75′W, 2165 m, 11 July 1901; habitat: pink mud made up of Foraminifera (slide only).
Paratypes: MNHN-DT-1093, station 1116 (see above), specimen in alcohol; MNHN-DT-1191, station 1242, Banc de Seine, France, 240 m, 10 September 1901; habitat: broken shell and gravel (slide only).
ZMA POR19447 (slide only), Porcupine Bank, west of Ireland, 55°26.64′N, 16°04.5′W, 6 September 2004, 773 m, Box Core, RV Pelagia, coll. R. W. M. Van Soest.
Paratype Halicnemia duplex MNHN-DT-1093, station 1116, 31°43.5′N, 10°46.75′W, 50 miles from Mogador, Morocco, 11 July 1901, 2165 m, Prince Albert of Monaco cruises.
Description: Outer morphology: Topsent (1928) describes two specimens from station 1116 as growing on the deep-water coral Desmophyllum pertusum (Linnaeus, 1758); the type is cushion shaped, 3 mm thick, with a conulose surface.
Colour: Topsent (1928) describes the colour as greyish in alcohol.
Choanosomal skeleton: Principal spicules have a disordered arrangement, spongin lacking, making the skeleton lax and friable. Asters abundant throughout skeleton.
Ectosomal skeleton: Tufts of centrotylote oxeas encircle large oxea, which occupy the axis of the conule; asters very abundant (Fig. 3D).
Megascleres: Megascleres are centrotylote oxeas 2.0– 2.6 mm × 20–40 mm, and styles to subtylostyles 1.6– 1.8 mm × 25–35 µm (Fig. 3A–C).
A c c e s s o r y o x e a s: We a k l y c e n t r o t y l o t e o x e a s, 360–770 µm. × 7–9 µm.
Microscleres: Microscleres are oxyasters without centrum, smooth rayed, with rays of unequal lengths. Asters 50–100 µm in diameter, with 10–15 rays (Fig. 3A, C).
Remarks: Topsent (1928) notes that Paratimea duplex is unusual in having a mix of oxeas, styles and tylostyles as the principal megascleres. The oxea are much more common and are larger than the styles or tylostyles.
description: Published as part of Morrow, Christine, Cárdenas, Paco, Boury-Esnault, Nicole, Picton, Bernard, Mccormack, Grace, Soest, Rob Van, Collins, Allen, Redmond, Niamh, Maggs, Christine, Sigwart, Julia & Allcock, Louise A., 2019, Integrating morphological and molecular taxonomy with the revised concept of Stelligeridae (Porifera: Demospongiae), pp. 31-81 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 on page 46
Heparin: role in protein purification and substitution with animal-component free material
Creators: name: Bolten, Svenja Nicolin
name: Rinas, Ursula
name: Scheper, Thomas
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer Verlag
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Animal-component free
subject: Heparin
subject: Heparin affinity chromatography
subject: Heparin-binding proteins
subject: Heparin-protein interactions
subject: Affinity chromatography
subject: Animals
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Blood vessels
subject: Purification
subject: Recombinant proteins
subject: Biotechnological applications
subject: Good Manufacturing Practices
subject: Protein interaction
subject: Sulfated polysaccharides
subject: Therapeutic Application
subject: Polysaccharides
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Heparin is a highly sulfated polysaccharide which belongs to the family of glycosaminoglycans. It is involved in various important biological activities. The major biological purpose is the inhibition of the coagulation cascade to maintain the blood flow in the vasculature. These properties are employed in several therapeutic drugs. Heparin’s activities are associated with its interaction to various proteins. To date, the structural heparin-protein interactions are not completely understood. This review gives a general overview of specific patterns and functional groups which are involved in the heparin-protein binding. An understanding of the heparin-protein interactions at the molecular level is not only advantageous in the therapeutic application but also in biotechnological application of heparin for downstreaming. This review focuses on the heparin affinity chromatography. Diverse recombinant proteins can be successfully purified by this method. While effective, it is disadvantageous that heparin is an animal-derived material. Animal-based components carry the risk of contamination. Therefore, they are liable to strict quality controls and the validation of effective good manufacturing practice (GMP) implementation. Hence, adequate alternatives to animal-derived components are needed. This review examines strategies to avoid these disadvantages. Thereby, alternatives for the provision of heparin such as chemical synthesized heparin, chemoenzymatic heparin, and bioengineered heparin are discussed. Moreover, the usage of other chromatographic systems mimetic the heparin effect is reviewed.
Constructing probability density function of net-proton multiplicity distributions using Pearson curve method
Creators: name: Behera, Nirbhay Kumar
name: Kweon, Min Jung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probability density functions of proton, anti-proton, and net-proton multiplicity distributions are constructed from the Beam Energy Scan results of the STAR experiment using the Pearson curve method. The constructed distributions of proton and anti-proton are compared with Poisson and Binomial distributions. The net-proton probability distributions are compared with Skellam distributions to study the O(4) criticality near the chiral crossover transition. The $C_{6}/C_{2}$ results estimated from the obtained PDFs are compared with Skellam and Binomial baselines for the Beam Energy Scan data. The current study shows some signatures of O(4) criticality, which can be further investigated by precision measurements of the cumulants and understanding the contribution of non-critical fluctuations to them. This study also provides a baseline for the higher-order cumulant measurement in the upcoming RHIC BES II program and future LHC run.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, text modified (published version)
Populations of rotating stars II. Rapid rotators and their link to Be-type stars
Creators: name: Granada, A.
name: Ekström, S.
name: Georgy, C.
name: Krticka, J.
name: Owocki, S.
name: Meynet, G.
name: Maeder, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even though it is broadly accepted that single Be stars are rapidly rotating stars surrounded by a flat rotating circumstellar disk, there is still a debate about how fast these stars rotate and also about the mechanisms involved in the angular-momentum and mass input in the disk. We study the properties of stars that rotate near their critical-rotation rate and investigate the properties of the disks formed by equatorial mass ejections. We used the most recent Geneva stellar evolutionary tracks for rapidly rotating stars that reach the critical limit and used a simple model for the disk structure. We obtain that for a 9 Msun star at solar metallicity, the minimum average velocity during the Main Sequence phase to reach the critical velocity is around 330 km/s, whereas it would be 390 km/s at the metallicity of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). Red giants or supergiants originating from very rapid rotators rotate six times faster and show N/C ratios three times higher than those originating from slowly rotating stars. This difference becomes stronger at lower metallicity. It might therefore be very interesting to study the red giants in clusters that show a large number of Be stars on the MS band. On the basis of our single-star models, we show that the observed Be-star fraction with cluster age is compatible with the existence of a temperature-dependent lower limit in the velocity rate required for a star to become a Be star. The mass, extension, and diffusion time of the disks produced when the star is losing mass at the critical velocity, obtained from simple parametrized expressions, are not too far from those estimated for disks around Be-type stars. At a given metallicity, the mass and the extension of the disk increase with the initial mass and with age on the MS phase. Denser disks are expected in low-metallicity regions.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, language edited
Curved Backgrounds in Emergent Gravity
Creators: name: Chaurasia, Shikha
name: Erlich, Joshua
name: Zhou, Yiyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field theories that are generally covariant but nongravitational at tree level typically give rise to an emergent gravitational interaction whose strength depends on a physical regulator. We consider emergent gravity models in which scalar fields assume the role of clock and rulers, addressing the problem of time in quantum gravity. We discuss the possibility of nontrivial dynamics for clock and ruler fields, and describe some of the consequences of those dynamics for the emergent gravitational theory.
description: 16 pages, 4 eps figures. Minor typos corrected, one reference added
Flare-associated type III radio bursts and dynamics of the EUV jet from SDO/AIA and RHESSI observations
Creators: name: Chen, Naihwa
name: Ip, Wing-Huen
name: Innes, Davina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed description of the interrelation between the Type III radio bursts and energetic phenomena associated with the flare activities in Active region AR 11158 at 07:58 UT on 2011, Feb. 15. The timing of the Type-III radio burst measured by the radio wave experiment on the Wind/WAVE and an array of ground-based radio telescopes, coincided with an EUV jet and hard X-ray emission observed by SDO/AIA and RHESSI., respectively. There is clear evidence that the EUV jet shares the same source region as the hard X-ray emission. The temperature of the jet, as determined by multiwavelength measurements of AIA, suggests that type III emission is associated with hot, 7 MK, plasma at the jet's footpoint.
description: 5 figures
A quantum neural network computes its own relative phase
Creators: name: Behrman, E. C.
name: Steck, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complete characterization of the state of a quantum system made up of subsystems requires determination of relative phase, because of interference effects between the subsystems. For a system of qubits used as a quantum computer this is especially vital, because the entanglement, which is the basis for the quantum advantage in computing, depends intricately on phase. We present here a first step towards that determination, in which we use a two-qubit quantum system as a quantum neural network, which is trained to compute and output its own relative phase.
Ficus carica L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: F. Carica L. Cat. 318. Verwildert neuerdings festgestellt: l: Felsen von St-Maurice (Marietan); La Bätiazbei Martigny (F.). -2: Isieres bei Ardon (Beauverd).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Skyrmions with varying size and helicity in composition-spread helimagnetic alloys
Creators: name: Shibata, K.
name: Yu, X. Z.
name: Hara, T.
name: Morikawa, D.
name: Kanazawa, N.
name: Kimoto, K.
name: Ishiwata, S.
name: Matsui, Y.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chirality, i.e. left or right handedness, is an important notion in a broad range of science. In condensed matter, this occurs not only in molecular or crystal forms but also in magnetic structures. A magnetic skyrmion, a topologically-stable spin vortex structure, as observed in chiral-lattice helimagnets is one such example; the spin swirling direction (skyrmion helicity) should be closely related to the underlying lattice chirality via the relativistic spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Here, we report on the correlation between skyrmion helicity and crystal chirality as observed by Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and convergent-beam electron diffraction (CBED) on the composition-spread alloys of helimagnets Mn1-xFexGe over a broad range (x = 0.3 - 1.0) of the composition. The skyrmion lattice constant or the skyrmion size shows non-monotonous variation with the composition x, accompanying a divergent behavior around x = 0.8, where the correlation between magnetic helicity and crystal chirality is reversed. The underlying mechanism is a continuous x-variation of the SOC strength accompanying sign reversal in the metallic alloys. This may offer a promising way to tune the skyrmion size and helicity.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
The Influence of Thermal Evolution in the Magnetic Protection of Terrestrial Planets
Creators: name: Zuluaga, Jorge I.
name: Bustamante, Sebastian
name: Cuartas, Pablo A.
name: Hoyos, Jaime H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic protection of potentially habitable planets plays a central role in determining their actual habitability and/or the chances of detecting atmospheric biosignatures. We develop here a thermal evolution model of potentially habitable Earth-like planets and super-Earths. Using up-to-date dynamo scaling laws we predict the properties of core dynamo magnetic fields and study the influence of thermal evolution on their properties. The level of magnetic protection of tidally locked and unlocked planets is estimated by combining simplified models of the planetary magnetosphere and a phenomenological description of the stellar wind. Thermal evolution introduces a strong dependence of magnetic protection on planetary mass and rotation rate. Tidally locked terrestrial planets with an Earth-like composition would have early dayside magnetospause distances between 1.5 and 4.0 Rp, larger than previously estimated. Unlocked planets with periods of rotation ~1 day are protected by magnetospheres extending between 3 and 8 Rp. Our results are robust against variations in planetary bulk composition and uncertainties in other critical model parameters. For illustration purposes the thermal evolution and magnetic protection of the potentially habitable super-Earths GL 581d, GJ 667Cc and HD 40307g were also studied. Assuming an Earth-like composition we found that the dynamos of these planets are already extinct or close to being shut down. While GL 581d is the best protected, the protection of HD 40307g cannot be reliably estimated. GJ 667Cc, even under optimistic conditions, seems to be severely exposed to the stellar wind and, under the conditions of our model, has probably suffered massive atmospheric losses.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal. 29 pages, 10 figures. For supplementary material visit http://astronomia.udea.edu.co/research/magnetic-protection
Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) formulated with human platelet lysate supports mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation and enhances the hydrogel’s mechanical properties
Creators: name: Lavrentieva, Antonina
name: Kirsch, Marline
name: Birnstein, Luise
name: Pepelanova, Iliyana
name: Handke, Wiebke
name: Rach, Jessica
name: Seltsam, Axel
name: Scheper, Thomas
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 3D cell culture
subject: Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs)
subject: Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA)
subject: Human platelet lysate
subject: Hydrogels
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is a major focus of current research, since cultivation under physiological conditions provides more reliable information about in vivo cell behavior. 3D cell cultures are used in basic research to better understand intercellular and cell-matrix interactions. However, 3D cell culture plays an increasingly important role in the in vitro testing of bioactive substances and tissue engineering. Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels of different degrees of functionalization (DoFs) are a versatile tool for 3D cell culture and related applications such as bioprinting. Human platelet lysate (hPL) has already demonstrated positive effects on 2D cell cultures of different cell types and has proven a valuable alternative to fetal calf serum (FCS). Traditionally, all hydrogels are formulated using buffers. In this study, we supplemented GelMA hydrogels of different DoF with hPL during adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (AD-MSCs) encapsulation. We studied the effect of hPL supplementation on the spreading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of AD-MSCs. In addition, the influence of hPL on hydrogel properties was also investigated. We demonstrate that the addition of hPL enhanced AD-MSC spreading, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the addition of hPL also increased GelMA viscosity and stiffness.
String dynamics in NS5-F1-P geometries
Creators: name: Martinec, Emil J.
name: Massai, Stefano
name: Turton, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory dynamics on certain fivebrane supertube backgrounds is described by an exactly solvable null-gauged WZW model. We use this description to compute the spectrum of closed string excitations on the three-charge non-supersymmetric solution found by Jejjala, Madden, Ross and Titchener, as well as its supersymmetric limit. The low-lying spectrum matches that of supergravity modes in the effective geometry and exhibits an underlying group-theoretic structure. Winding sectors describe strings carrying the same charges as the background; processes whereby strings turn into flux or vice-versa are mediated by large gauge transformations on the worldsheet. The S-matrix of such wound strings probes microstructure of the fivebrane source that is hidden in the supergravity approximation.
description: 54 pages; version published in JHEP
Die Partizipation der niedersächsischen klein- und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU) am Horizont 2020-Programm im Bundesländervergleich – Teil 2
Creators: name: Jerusel, Jörg
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Forschungsrahmenprogramme; Horizon 2020; Niedersachsen; KMU; Innovation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: „International tätige Unternehmen zeichnen sich nachweislich durch eine höhere Produktivität und Investitionsquote sowie ein höheres Beschäftigungswachstum und eine höhere Innovation im Vergleich zu Unternehmen ohne Auslandsaktivitäten aus.“ (Vgl. Geyer/Uriep 2012, S. 9) Wie stark partizipieren niedersächsische KMU in ländlichen Räumen an der H2020-Forschungsförderung der EU im Vergleich zu bayerischen KMU im gleichen Regionstyp?
Implementation einer Frühen Hilfe für sozial benachteiligte Familien : Ergebnisse des Modellprojekts Pro Kind
Creators: name: Brand, Tilman
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Early childhood intervention
subject: quality
subject: Frühe Hilfen
subject: Implementation
subject: Qualität
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::360 | Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste, Versicherungen

description: [no abstract]
Oscillator strengths of the intersubband electronic transitions in the multi-layered nano-antidots with hydrogenic impurity
Creators: name: Naimi, Yaghoob
name: Jafari, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we have obtained the exact solutions of the Schrödinger equation for a multi-layered quantum antidot (MLQAD) within the effective mass approximation and dielectric continuum model for the spherical symmetry. The MLQAD is nano-structured semiconductor system that consists of a spherical core (e.g. $Ga_{1-x}Al_{x}As $) and a coated spherical shell (e.g. $Ga_{1-y}Al_{y}As $) as the whole anti-dot is embedded inside a bulk material (e.g. $GaAs $). The dependence of the electron energy spectrum and its radial probability density on nano-system radius are studied. The numeric calculations and analysis of oscillator strength of intersubband quantum transition from the ground state into two first allowed excited states at the varying radius, for both the finite and infinite confining potential (CP) as well as constant shell thickness, are performed. It is shown that, in particular, the binding energy and the oscillator strength of the hydrogenic impurity of a MLQAD behave differently from that of a single-layered quantum antidot (SLQAD). For a MLQAD with finite core and shell CPs, the state energies and the oscillator strengths of the impurity are found to be dependent on the shell thickness. At the large core radius and very small shell thickness, our results are closer to respective values for a SLQAD that previously reported.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures
Impact of multi-causal transport mechanisms in an electrolyte supported planar SOFC with (ZrO2)x-1(Y2O3)x electrolyte
Creators: name: Huerta, Gerardo Valadez
name: Flasbart, Vincent
name: Marquardt, Tobias
name: Radici, Pablo
name: Kabelac, Stephan
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Electrochemistry
subject: Entropy production
subject: Fuel cell
subject: SOFC
subject: Solid-state ionics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The calculation of the entropy production rate within an operational high temperature solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is necessary to design and improve heating and cooling strategies. However, due to a lack of information, most of the studies are limited to empirical relations, which are not in line with the more general approach given by non-equilibrium thermodynamics (NET). The SOFC 1D-model presented in this study is based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics and we parameterize it with experimental data and data from molecular dynamics (MD). The validation of the model shows that it can effectively describe the behavior of a SOFC at 1300 K. Moreover, we show that the highest entropy production is present in the electrolyte and the catalyst layers, and that the Peltier heat transfer is considerable for the calculation of the heat flux in the electrolyte and cannot be neglected. To our knowledge, this is the first validated model of a SOFC based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics and this study can be extended to analyze SOFCs with other solid oxide electrolytes, with perovskites electrolytes or even other electrochemical systems like solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs).
LISA Pathfinder closed-loop analysis: a model breakdown of the in-loop observables
Creators: name: LISA Pathfinder Collaboration
name: Audley, H.
name: Born, M.
name: Danzmann, K.
name: Diepholz, I.
name: Heinzel, G.
name: Hewitson, M.
name: Karnesis, N.
name: Kaune, B.
name: Korsakova, N.
name: Paczkowski, S.
name: Reiche, J.
name: Troebs, M.
name: Wanner, G.
name: Wissel, L.
name: Wittchen, A.
name: Et Al.
Publisher: name: London : Institute of Physics
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: gravitational wave detection
subject: LISA Pathfinder
subject: analysis
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: This paper describes a methodology to analyze, in the frequency domain, the steady-state control performances of the LISA Pathfinder mission. In particular, it provides a technical framework to give a comprehensive understanding of the spectra of all the degrees of freedom by breaking them down into their various physical origins, hence bringing out the major contributions of the control residuals. A reconstruction of the measured in-loop output, extracted from a model of the closed-loop system, is shown as an instance to illustrate the potential of such a model breakdown of the data.
Convex bodies of states and maps
Creators: name: Grabowski, Janusz
name: Ibort, Alberto
name: Kuś, Marek
name: Marmo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P40, 52A20, 22C05

description: We give a general solution to the question when the convex hulls of orbits of quantum states on a finite-dimensional Hilbert space under unitary actions of a compact group have a non-empty interior in the surrounding space of all density states. The same approach can be applied to study convex combinations of quantum channels. The importance of both problems stems from the fact that, usually, only sets with non-vanishing volumes in the embedding spaces of all states or channels are of practical importance. For the group of local transformations on a bipartite system we characterize maximally entangled states by properties of a convex hull of orbits through them. We also compare two partial characteristics of convex bodies in terms of largest balls and maximum volume ellipsoids contained in them and show that, in general, they do not coincide. Separable states, mixed-unitary channels and k-entangled states are also considered as examples of our techniques.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Urtica urens L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: U. urens L. Cat. 317und 431. Bis 2694 m. l: Hoher Fundort: Barberme, etwa 1830m (J.). - 3:HoheFundorte:Thyon, 2013m (J.); Seilon im Val des Dix, 2292m (J.); Vouasson im Vald'Herens, 2084 m (J.); Ginanzalp, 2278 m (Garns); Hotel Findelengletscherob Zermatt, 2300m (Thellung 1919); Hütten der Fluhalp ob Zermatt, 2610m,1944einExemplar, 1950mehrere Gruppen (Becherer); SchönbühlhütteobZermatt, 2694m, eine grössere Gruppe (idem 1945); Saas-Fee, etwa1800m (J.). - 3a:Simplon-Dorf; Gabi;Feerberg; Gondoschlucht; Gondo (alles: Becherer).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Paratimea loennbergi
Creators: name: Morrow, Christine
name: Cárdenas, Paco
name: Boury-Esnault, Nicole
name: Picton, Bernard
name: Mccormack, Grace
name: Soest, Rob Van
name: Collins, Allen
name: Redmond, Niamh
name: Maggs, Christine
name: Sigwart, Julia
name: Allcock, Louise A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Axinellida
Stelligeridae
Paratimea
Paratimea loennbergi

description: PARATIMEA LOENNBERGI (ALANDER, 1942)
(FIG. 2E, F)
description: Published as part of Morrow, Christine, Cárdenas, Paco, Boury-Esnault, Nicole, Picton, Bernard, Mccormack, Grace, Soest, Rob Van, Collins, Allen, Redmond, Niamh, Maggs, Christine, Sigwart, Julia & Allcock, Louise A., 2019, Integrating morphological and molecular taxonomy with the revised concept of Stelligeridae (Porifera: Demospongiae), pp. 31-81 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 187 on page 46
Beyond the Required LISA Free-Fall Performance: New LISA Pathfinder Results down to 20 μHz
Creators: name: Armano, M.
name: Audley, H.
name: Baird, J.
name: Binetruy, P.
name: Born, M.
name: Bortoluzzi, D.
name: Castelli, E.
name: Cavalleri, A.
name: Cesarini, A.
name: Cruise, A.M.
name: Danzmann, K.
name: De Deus Silva, M.
name: Diepholz, I.
name: Dixon, G.
name: Dolesi, R.
name: Ferraioli, L.
name: Ferroni, V.
name: Fitzsimons, E.D.
name: Freschi, M.
name: Gesa, L.
name: Gibert, F.
name: Giardini, D.
name: Giusteri, R.
name: Grimani, C.
name: Grzymisch, J.
name: Harrison, I.
name: Heinzel, G.
name: Hewitson, M.
name: Hollington, D.
name: Hoyland, D.
name: Hueller, M.
name: Inchauspé, H.
name: Jennrich, O.
name: Jetzer, P.
name: Karnesis, N.
name: Kaune, B.
name: Korsakova, N.
name: Killow, C.J.
name: Lobo, J.A.
name: Lloro, I.
name: Liu, L.
name: López-Zaragoza, J.P.
name: Maarschalkerweerd, R.
name: Mance, D.
name: Meshksar, N.
name: Martín, V.
name: Martin-Polo, L.
name: Martino, J.
name: Martin-Porqueras, F.
name: Mateos, I.
name: McNamara, P.W.
name: Mendes, J.
name: Mendes, L.
name: Nofrarias, M.
name: Paczkowski, S.
name: Perreur-Lloyd, M.
name: Petiteau, A.
name: Pivato, P.
name: Plagnol, E.
name: Ramos-Castro, J.
name: Reiche, J.
name: Robertson, D.I.
name: Rivas, F.
name: Russano, G.
name: Slutsky, J.
name: Sopuerta, C.F.
name: Sumner, T.
name: Texier, D.
name: Thorpe, J.I.
name: Vetrugno, D.
name: Vitale, S.
name: Wanner, G.
name: Ward, H.
name: Wass, P.J.
name: Weber, W.J.
name: Wissel, L.
name: Wittchen, A.
name: Zweifel, P.
Publisher: name: College Park : American Physical Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LISA Pathfinder
subject: noise
subject: Gravitational waves
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: In the months since the publication of the first results, the noise performance of LISA Pathfinder has improved because of reduced Brownian noise due to the continued decrease in pressure around the test masses, from a better correction of noninertial effects, and from a better calibration of the electrostatic force actuation. In addition, the availability of numerous long noise measurement runs, during which no perturbation is purposely applied to the test masses, has allowed the measurement of noise with good statistics down to 20 μHz. The Letter presents the measured differential acceleration noise figure, which is at (1.74±0.05) fm s−2/√Hz above 2 mHz and (6±1)×10 fm s−2/√Hz at 20 μHz, and discusses the physical sources for the measured noise. This performance provides an experimental benchmark demonstrating the ability to realize the low-frequency science potential of the LISA mission, recently selected by the European Space Agency.
Sub-pm${{\sqrt{{\rm Hz}}^{-1}}}$ non-reciprocal noise in the LISA backlink fiber
Creators: name: Fleddermann, Roland
name: Diekmann, Christian
name: Steier, Frank
name: Tröbs, Michael
name: Heinzel, Gerhard
name: Danzmann, Karsten
Publisher: name: London : Institute of Physics
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LISA
subject: laser interferometer space antenna
subject: non-reciprocity
subject: optical fiber
subject: path length noise
subject: gravitational wave detector technology
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The future space-based gravitational wave detector laser interferometer space antenna (LISA) requires bidirectional exchange of light between its two optical benches on board of each of its three satellites. The current baseline foresees a polarization-maintaining single-mode fiber for this backlink connection. Phase changes which are common in both directions do not enter the science measurement, but differential ('non-reciprocal') phase fluctuations directly do and must thus be guaranteed to be small enough. We have built a setup consisting of a Zerodur baseplate with fused silica components attached to it using hydroxide-catalysis bonding and demonstrated the reciprocity of a polarization-maintaining single-mode fiber at the 1 pm $\sqrt{{\rm Hz}}^{-1}$ level as is required for LISA. We used balanced detection to reduce the influence of parasitic optical beams on the reciprocity measurement and a fiber length stabilization to avoid nonlinear effects in our phase measurement system (phase meter). For LISA, a different phase meter is planned to be used that does not show this nonlinearity. We corrected the influence of beam angle changes and temperature changes on the reciprocity measurement in post-processing.