cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Acceleration of univariate global optimization algorithms working with Lipschitz functions and Lipschitz first derivatives
Creators: name: Lera, Daniela
name: Sergeyev, Yaroslav D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90C26, 65K05

description: This paper deals with two kinds of the one-dimensional global optimization problems over a closed finite interval: (i) the objective function $f(x)$ satisfies the Lipschitz condition with a constant $L$; (ii) the first derivative of $f(x)$ satisfies the Lipschitz condition with a constant $M$. In the paper, six algorithms are presented for the case (i) and six algorithms for the case (ii). In both cases, auxiliary functions are constructed and adaptively improved during the search. In the case (i), piece-wise linear functions are constructed and in the case (ii) smooth piece-wise quadratic functions are used. The constants $L$ and $M$ either are taken as values known a priori or are dynamically estimated during the search. A recent technique that adaptively estimates the local Lipschitz constants over different zones of the search region is used to accelerate the search. A new technique called the \emph{local improvement} is introduced in order to accelerate the search in both cases (i) and (ii). The algorithms are described in a unique framework, their properties are studied from a general viewpoint, and convergence conditions of the proposed algorithms are given. Numerical experiments executed on 120 test problems taken from the literature show quite a promising performance of the new accelerating techniques.
description: 21 pages,5 figures, 6 tables
Genesis of chimera patterns through self-induced stochastic resonance
Creators: name: Khatun, Taniya
name: Banerjee, Tanmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noise induced order in excitable systems has diverse manifestations, such as coherence resonance (CR) and stochastic resonance. In this context a less explored phenomenon is self-induced stochastic resonance (SISR). Unlike CR, SISR may arise away from the bifurcation threshold and the properties of the induced oscillations depend upon both the noise intensity and the time-scale separation factor. In this work, we report a new chimera pattern in a network of coupled excitable units, namely the self-induced stochastic resonance chimera or SISR-chimera that originates from the SISR phenomenon. We explore the detailed dynamics of the SISR-chimera in the parameter space using proper quantitative measures. We have found that unlike CR chimera, the SISR-chimera pattern strongly depends upon the ratio of time scale and noise intensity. Therefore, this type of chimera pattern can be induced even for a tiny noise intensity if the time scale separation of the activator and inhibitor is large enough.
description: Submitted
‘The Grand Object of my Parliamentary Existence’: William Wilberforce and the British Abolition Campaigns, 1783-1833
Creators: name: Harrington, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis is a re-evaluation of William Wilberforce’s abolitionist activity in the House of Commons, 1788-1825. Under-used manuscript sources, as well as the parliamentary record and abolitionist literature, form the basis of the research. The historiography has relied on biographies of Wilberforce, which have in turn relied on a biography written by Wilberforce’s sons after his death. Revisiting Wilberforce’s correspondence and diaries offers new perspectives on his actions both in and out of the House of Commons. The thesis draws on the historiography on abolition to reassess Wilberforce’s contribution in conversation with the range of topics that have attracted interest, including the extra-parliamentary campaign and enslaved-led rebellions. In doing so, this thesis bridges the gap between biographies of Wilberforce and the historiography of the abolition campaigns. The first half of the thesis focuses on the parliamentary campaign against the British Atlantic slave trade, 1787-1807, analysing Wilberforce’s actions and rhetoric. It demonstrates that Wilberforce took an increasingly decisive role in the anti-slave trade campaign over time, and that his rhetoric, both in is speeches and in his 1807 Letter on the Abolition of the Slave Trade, was targeted at his audience in the House of Commons. The second half investigates abolitionist activity after 1807 – enforcing British abolition, encouraging other countries to abolish the slave trade, and efforts to reform and gradually abolish slavery – and Wilberforce’s contributions after his retirement in 1825. It argues that the second half of Wilberforce’s career was in many ways a mirror of the first, because the abolitionists mimicked successful methods from pre-1807 when addressing a variety of concerns post-abolition. Similarly, his rhetoric as exemplified in his three publications between 1814 and 1823 followed the same lines as his 1807 Letter.
Motion des Abgeordneten Schwindelreich: "Es möge die hohe Kammer zu Protokoll erklären, daß der liebe Gott als Weltenkönig sein Ministerium die sieben Erzengel und seine Weltregierung das Vertrauen des Volkes nicht mehr besitzen."; 1849
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Umschlagt.
Neue Brieflein der Männer im Trüben aus Frankfurt der Stadt am Main geschrieben in Freude und Trauer an den Fürtrefflichen Weltanschauer und hochgelahrten Doktorum Herrn Arnoldum Rugium; 1849
Creators: name: Schwetschke, Karl Gustav
name: Ruge, Arnold
name: Lucä, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Verfasser und Übersetzer ermittelt
Taking one charge off a two-dimensional Wigner crystal
Creators: name: Antlanger, Moritz
name: Mazars, Martial
name: Šamaj, Ladislav
name: Kahl, Gerhard
name: Trizac, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A planar array of identical charges at vanishing temperature forms a Wigner crystal with hexagonal symmetry. We take off one (reference) charge in a perpendicular direction, hold it fixed, and search for the ground state of the whole system. The planar projection of the reference charge should then evolve from a six-fold coordination (center of a hexagon) for small distances to a three-fold arrangement (center of a triangle), at large distances $d$ from the plane. The aim of this paper is to describe the corresponding non-trivial lattice transformation. For that purpose, two numerical methods (direct energy minimization and Monte Carlo simulations), together with an analytical treatment, are presented. Our results indicate that the $d=0$ and $d\to\infty$ limiting cases extend for finite values of $d$ from the respective starting points into two sequences of stable states, with intersecting energies at some value $d_t$; beyond this value the branches continue as metastable states.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures
Measured foliations and Hilbert 12th problem
Creators: name: Nikolaev, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G45, 57R30

description: Yu. I. Manin conjectured that the maximal abelian extensions of the real quadratic number fields are generated by the pseudo-lattices with real multiplication. We prove this conjecture using theory of measured foliations on the modular curves.
description: to appear Acta Mathematica Vietnamica
Peculiar Spectral Evolution of the Type I Supernova 2019eix: A Possible Double Detonation from a Helium Shell on a Sub-Chandrasekhar-mass White Dwarf
Creators: name: Gonzalez, E. Padilla
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Burke, J.
name: Dong, Yize
name: Hiramatsu, D.
name: McCully, C.
name: Pellegrino, C.
name: Kerzendorf, W.
name: Modjaz, M.
name: Terreran, G.
name: Williamson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometric and spectroscopic data for the nearby Type I supernova (SN Ia) 2019eix (originally classified as a SN Ic), from its discovery day up to 100 days after maximum brightness. Before maximum light SN 2019eix resembles a typical SN Ic, albeit lacking the usual \ion{O}{1} feature. Its lightcurve is similar to the typical SN Ic with decline rates of ($ΔM_{15,V}= 0.84$) and absolute magnitude of $M_{V}= -18.35$. However, after maximum light this SN has unusual spectroscopic features, a large degree of line blending, significant line blanketing in the blue ($λ< 5000$Å), and strong Ca II absorption features during and after peak brightness. These unusual spectral features are similar to models of sub-luminous thermonuclear explosions, specifically double-detonation models of SNe Ia. Photometrically SN 2019eix appears to be somewhat brighter with slower decline rates than other double detonation candidates. We modeled the spectra using the radiative transfer code TARDIS using SN 1994I (a SN Ic) as a base model to see whether we could reproduce the unusual features of SN 2019eix and found them to be consistent with the exception of the \ion{O}{1} feature. We also compared SN 2019eix with double detonation models and found them to match the observations of SN 2019eix best, but failed to reproduce its full photometric and spectroscopic evolution.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures, submitted to ApJ
Evaluation of Pesticide Supplies and Demand for 1977
Creators: name: Andrilenas, Paul A.
name: Eichers, Theodore R.
name: Andrilenas, Paul A.
name: Eichers, Theodore R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Pesticide production
subject: pesticide supply
subject: pesticide demand
subject: pesticide prices
subject: pesticide outlook

description: Pesticide supplies for the 1977 crop season appear ample for all major uses. Production for 1977 is expected to be up about 10 percent. Supplies are up somewhat more, about 14 percent, because of larger inventories held by manufacturers and distributors than last year. Manufacturers and distributors reported that prices to dealers were up 6 percent or less and prices to growers were expected to be up 10 percent or less, with lower prices for some products in abundant supply. Demand is expected to be less than supply, leaving a net surplus of 5 to 10 percent. Supply estimates are based on surveys of pesticide manufacturers and distributors. Demand estimates are based on farmers' 1977 planting intentions and data on pesticide use patterns.
Additional file 1 of Intracranial response to positive end-expiratory pressure is influenced by lung recruitability and gas distribution during mechanical ventilation in acute brain injury patients: a proof-of-concept physiological study
Creators: name: Bencze, Reka
name: Kawati, Rafael
name: Hånell, Anders
name: Lewen, Anders
name: Enblad, Per
name: Engquist, Henrik
name: Bjarnadottir, Kristin Jona
name: Joensen, Odin
name: Barrueta Tenhunen, Annelie
name: Freden, Filip
name: Brochard, Laurent
name: Perchiazzi, Gaetano
name: Pellegrini, Mariangela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary file 1.
The Dirac equation as a quantum walk: higher dimensions, observational convergence
Creators: name: Arrighi, Pablo
name: Forets, Marcelo
name: Nesme, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: F.1.1; G.1.8; J.2
subject: 34L40, 35L02, 35Q41, 68Q80, 78M10, 81Q05

description: The Dirac equation can be modelled as a quantum walk, with the quantum walk being: discrete in time and space (i.e. a unitary evolution of the wave-function of a particle on a lattice); homogeneous (i.e. translation-invariant and time-independent), and causal (i.e. information propagates at a bounded speed, in a strict sense). This quantum walk model was proposed independently by Succi and Benzi, Bialynicki-Birula and Meyer: we rederive it in a simple way in all dimensions and for hyperbolic symmetric systems in general. We then prove that for any time t, the model converges to the continuous solution of the Dirac equation at time t, i.e. the probability of observing a discrepancy between the model and the solution is an O(ε^2), with ε the discretization step. At the practical level, this result is of interest for the quantum simulation of relativistic particles. At the theoretical level, it reinforces the status of this quantum walk model as a simple, discrete toy model of relativistic particles. Keywords: Friedrichs symmetric hyperbolic systems, Quantum Walk, Quantum Lattice Gas Automata, Quantum Computation, Trotter-Kato, Baker-Campbell-Thomson, Operator splitting, Lax theorem
description: 8 pages, 2 appendices
Another approach to the equivalence of measure-many one-way quantum finite automata and its application
Creators: name: Lin, Tianrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a much simpler, direct and elegant approach to the equivalence problem of {\it measure many one-way quantum finite automata} (MM-1QFAs). The approach is essentially generalized from the work of Carlyle [J. Math. Anal. Appl. 7 (1963) 167-175]. Namely, we reduce the equivalence problem of MM-1QFAs to that of two (initial) vectors. As an application of the approach, we utilize it to address the equivalence problem of {\it Enhanced one-way quantum finite automata} (E-1QFAs) introduced by Nayak [Proceedings of the 40th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 1999, pp.~369-376]. We prove that two E-1QFAs $\mathcal{A}_1$ and $\mathcal{A}_2$ over $Σ$ are equivalence if and only if they are $n_1^2+n_2^2-1$-equivalent where $n_1$ and $n_2$ are the numbers of states in $\mathcal{A}_1$ and $\mathcal{A}_2$, respectively.
description: V 10: Corollary 3 is deleted, since it is folk. (V 9: Revised in terms of the referees's comments) All comments, especially the linguistic comments, are welcome
Designing the structure of an one-dimensional photonic crystal with a given spectrum of the reflection coefficient
Creators: name: Emelyantsev, P. S.
name: Pyshkov, N. I.
name: Svyakhovskiy, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for solving the inverse problem of designing the structure of a one-dimensional photonic crystal is proposed and experimentally implemented. It is known that a one-dimensional photonic crystal with a spatial sinusoidal modulation of the refractive index, has a narrow photonic bandgap at a frequency related to the spatial frequency of this sinusoid. We propose a reverse engineering method for one-dimensional photonic crystals with an arbitrary given reflection spectrum by expanding this spectrum into elementary photonic band gaps and then summing them. This paper shows the application of this method to fabricate examples of photonic crystals with simple shapes of spectral reflection curves.
description: in Russian language
From the White Paper to the Proposal for a Council Regulation: How to Treat the New Kids on the Block?
Creators: name: Mavroidis, Petros C.
name: Neven, Damien J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Commercial treaties
subject: Economics
subject: Antitrust law (International law)
subject: International trade
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: International law

description: This Paper analyses how the network of enforcers envisaged in the Proposal for a Council Regulation on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the EC Treaty (September 2000) would operate. We identify four issues. First, we observe that the Proposal (unlike the White Paper) includes safeguards to avoid a shift of competence in favor of national competition laws, which may be questionable in terms of subsidiarity. Second, we recognize that the accountability of antitrust authorities might vary across the members of the network, so that, for instance, some authorities may be more prone than others to accept industrial policy considerations. The preservation of the Commission’s monopoly (among administrative units) with respect to decisions granting a positive application of Article 81(3) (a matter which was not fully clear in the White Paper) can be seen in this light. We suggest that the imposition of institutional constraints on Member States like accountability and independence standards could have been a more effective way of addressing the issue. Third, we observe that in the proposed framework, sequential enforcement by several authorities is likely to occur and that each Member States will have little incentive to take into account in its decision the interests of other Member States. We show that such a system of enforcement can have a ‘disintegrating effect ’, to the extent that it does not allow for a balance between positive and negative net benefits across Member States. The Proposal contains a number of measures which may reduce the scope of multiple enforcement, without however addressing the underlying incentive issue. We suggest that additional co-ordination between the members of the network may prove necessary. In particular, we advocate the re-emergence in the intra-EC context of a ‘positive comity’ obligation and we suggest that a formal procedure for co-ordination between different institutions might turn out to be necessary. Finally, we observe that if the Proposal formalises the (vertical) relationship between the Commission and the national competition authorities (beyond what was considered in the White Paper), it fails to bind the Commission discretion. We argue, in light of the US experience with multiple enforcement that such commitment would be useful.
Sason andamanicum
Creators: name: Schwendinger, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Barychelidae
Sason
Sason andamanicum

description: Sason andamanicum (Simon, 1888) (Figs. 1-5) Satzicus andamanicum Simon, 1888: 287 (description of male holotype). Sason andamanicum – Simon, 1892: 130 (synonymisation of Satzicus); Pocock, 1900: 174; Raven, 1986: 54 (revision of Sason). Material examined. – Holotype - male (MHNP no. 9763 and AR 4562), Port Blair (11 40'N, 92 45'E), South Andaman Island, India, coll. R. D. Oldham, no date. Remarks. – This species was diagnosed and the male holotype re-described in the course of a generic revision by Raven (1986), but the following details were not mentioned: cuspules in transverse row distally on labium of male (erroneously reported as absent in earlier descriptions; Simon, 1888; Pocock, 1900; Raven, 1986) long and slender (filiform), similar to nearby setae (Fig. 5); prolateral megaspine inclined from axis of tibia I by about 40; retroventral spines on tibia I strong and blunt (Fig. 2); embolus of left palp slightly sigmoid in ventral view (Fig. 4), its base wide and abruptly narrowing beyond the proximal third (Fig. 3) [right palp rather different in shape (presumably deformed)]; opisthosomal pattern faded, but dark central patch discernible on dorsum, indicating similar pattern as in the male of S. hirsutum, new species (Fig. 33). Measurements. – Body length 8.8; carapace 4.7 long, 4.4 wide; opisthosoma 4.4 long, 3.4 wide.
description: Published as part of Schwendinger, Peter J., 2003, Two New Species Of The Arboreal Trapdoor Spider Genus Sason (Araneae: Barychelidae) From Southeast Asia, pp. 197-207 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 51 (2) on page 198, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4619377
description: {"references": ["Simon, E., 1892. Histoire naturelle des Araignees, vol. 1, pt. 1. Roret, Paris. 256 pp.", "Pocock, R. I., 1900. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Taylor & Francis, London. XII + 279 pp.", "Raven, R. J., 1986. A revision of the spider genus Sason Simon (Sasoninae, Barychelidae, Mygalomorphae) and its historical biogeopgraphy. Journal of Arachnology, 14: 47 - 70."]}
Full time-dependent Hartree-Fock solution of large N Gross-Neveu models
Creators: name: Dunne, Gerald V.
name: Thies, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the general solution to the time-dependent Hartree-Fock problem for scattering solutions of the Gross-Neveu models, with both discrete (GN_2) and continuous (NJL_2) chiral symmetry. We find new multi-breather solutions both for the GN_2 model, generalizing the Dashen-Hasslacher-Neveu breather solution, and also new twisted breathers for the NJL_2 model. These solutions satisfy the full TDHF consistency conditions, and only in the special cases of GN_2 kink scattering do these conditions reduce to the integrable Sinh-Gordon equation. We also show that all baryons and breathers are composed of constituent twisted kinks of the NJL_2 model. Our solution depends crucially on a general class of transparent, time dependent Dirac potentials found recently by algebraic methods.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures; 1 figure and 11 animations as ancillary files; v2: 6 ancillary files renamed
Stable non-equilibrium Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in a spin-imbalanced driven-dissipative Fermi gas loaded on a three-dimensional cubic optical lattice
Creators: name: Kawamura, Taira
name: Kagamihara, Daichi
name: Ohashi, Yoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) type superfluid phase transition in a driven-dissipative two-component Fermi gas. The system is assumed to be in the non-equilibrium steady state, which is tuned by adjusting the chemical potential difference between two reservoirs that are coupled with the system. Including pairing fluctuations by extending the strong-coupling theory developed in the thermal-equilibrium state by Nozieres and Schmitt-Rink to this non-equilibrium case, we show that a non-equilibrium FFLO (NFFLO) phase transition can be realized without spin imbalance, under the conditions that (1) the two reservoirs imprint a two-edge structure on the momentum distribution of Fermi atoms, and (2) the system is loaded on a three-dimensional cubic optical lattice. While the two edges work like two Fermi surfaces with different sizes, the role of the optical lattice is to prevent the NFFLO long-range order from destruction by NFFLO pairing fluctuations. We also draw the non-equilibrium mean-field phase diagram in terms of the chemical potential difference between the two reservoirs, a fictitious magnetic field to tune the spin imbalance of the system, and the environmental temperature of the reservoirs, to clarify the relation between the NFFLO state and the ordinary thermal-equilibrium FFLO state discussed in spin-imbalanced Fermi gases.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures
Domestic Rainwater Harvesting in a Water-Stressed Community and Variation in Rainwater Quality from Source to Storage
Creators: name: Owusu-Boateng, G.
name: Gadogbe, M. K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Chemistry, Physical and theoretical
Drinking water
Water--Purification
Water harvesting
Sustainability
Water resources development--Management

description: The quality of rainwater, which is the main source of domestic water in Dzodze, a community in the Volta Region of Ghana, was unknown. Therefore, the possible utilization of contaminated domestic water and occurrence of health hazards could not be underestimated due to prevailing poor hygiene and a great lack of standard maintenance and treatment systems in the community. In this study, we assessed the quality of rainwater in the Dzodze Community community and how it varies along the DRWH chain from free-fall to storage. Rain samples were collected at three points along the domestic rainwater harvesting (DRWH) chain. Specifically, the three points from were free-fall, roof-catchmentroof catchment, and storage tank, and the two systems were "described as poorly-maintained" and "well-maintained" systems. The physico-chemical and bacteriological patterns of rainwater samples were analyzed for physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters and results were compared with World Health Organization (and Ghana Standards Board guideline values. The harvested rainwater was found to be of good physico-chemical quality, but not bacteriological, quality but not bacteriological, calling for treatment before utilization. Also, irrespective of the type of DRWH system (poorly-maintained or well-maintained), there were substantial changes in rainwater quality upon interaction with roof catchment, with an increase noticed in all parameters.
Assessing Forest Degradation in Bajo Calima – Colombia from Multi-Frequency and Multi-Temporal Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)
Creators: name: Pascagaza, Ana M. Pacheco
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The degradation of tropical forests is a significant problem transforming these ecosystems, contributing to greenhouse emissions and biodiversity loss. However, quantifying the impact is difficult, because different factors can indicate that a forest is degraded, and there is a wide variety of definitions and drivers. The motivation of this research is to contribute to the technical challenge of mapping and measuring forest degradation by evaluating the variations in forest structure of a degraded tropical forest and explore the potential of SAR for accurately achieving this goal. The forests of Bajo Calima – Colombia are under pressure from unplanned gold mining and selective logging at different intensities, which has changed their structural properties. In this thesis, I investigated the structural variabilities in the forests of Bajo Calima, and connected them to forest degradation using a combination of multi-temporal in-situ data, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data, multi-frequency and time series SAR data. Firstly, forest structure data collected from field plots in 2014 and 2017 were classified using K-means cluster analysis. Aboveground biomass (AGB), tree density and basal area and trunk diameter (DBH) were the variables that better explained the variations in forest structure, and with a precision of 0.77% four levels of disturbance were identified in the area: low to severely degraded forest. Secondly, I investigated the potential of integrating multi-frequency SAR data: ALOS PalSAR-2, Sentinel-1, interferometric coherence, and the digital elevation model (DEM) from TanDEM-X, in combination with LiDAR and field data to retrieve the forest structure parameters derived from the field data analysis. A Random Forest (RF) machine-learning approach was used to map AGB, tree density and basal area, and to classify the area into different levels of disturbance. Results showed a very good ability to retrieve information from different metrics of forest structure and categorise them according to different degrees of forest disturbance. Accuracies were higher than 90% for the regressions, while Kappa coefficients were above 0.80 for the classifications. Using the DEM derived from the X-band was key to achieving these higher accuracies. Finally, capabilities of ALOS PalSAR-1, ALOS PalSAR-2 (2007 – 2018) and Sentinel-1 (2014 – 2017) were assessed by integrating time series responses from multi-frequency SAR data in order to evaluate forest degradation as the significant variation in forest structure. Results were promising, demonstrating with high accuracy (≥ 88%) that by using the model derived from this study, it is possible to identify areas that have been considerably impacted by degradation over time.
Gedanken zum 10. Geburtstag der "Werkstatt schwule Theologie"
Creators: name: Rauchfleisch, Udo
Publisher: name: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Bd. 10 Nr. 2 (2003): Werkstatt Schwule Theologie, Band 10, Heft 2
A Formal Proof of Countermeasures against Fault Injection Attacks on CRT-RSA
Creators: name: Rauzy, Pablo
name: Guilley, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article, we describe a methodology that aims at either breaking or proving the security of CRT-RSA implementations against fault injection attacks. In the specific case-study of the BellCoRe attack, our work bridges a gap between formal proofs and implementation-level attacks. We apply our results to three implementations of CRT-RSA, namely the unprotected one, that of Shamir, and that of Aumüller et al. Our findings are that many attacks are possible on both the unprotected and the Shamir implementations, while the implementation of Aumüller et al. is resistant to all single-fault attacks. It is also resistant to double-fault attacks if we consider the less powerful threat-model of its authors.
description: PROOFS, Santa Barbara, CA : United States (2013)
An Expert System for Helicopter Conceptual Design
Creators: name: Babuska, Vit
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 1987

description: The objective of this thesis is to demonstrate the applicability of expert systems in helicopter conceptual design by developing an expert assistant which aids the engineer in defining a feasible design configuration. The expert assistant combines some experiential knowledge of the design engineer with a typical conceptual design algorithm to guide the engineer to a reasonable baseline design. The expert assistant was developed on a personal computer using the expert system shell INSIGHT2+®. The design algorithm employed is SSPl, a helicopter weight and sizing program developed at the US Army Applied Technologies Laboratory. A set of heuristic rules was developed which attempts to simulate the thinking of an expert design engineer using SSP1 for helicopter conceptual design. The result, a Prototype expert assistant which aids an engineer in the conceptual design phase, demonstrates the feasibility of expert systems in helicopter design.
title: Considerations for the regulatory design of electricity markets in transition
title: Überlegungen zur Regulierung von Strommärkten im Wandel
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Altvater, Lisa
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
subject: Regulatory design
subject: Decarbonization
subject: Renewable energy
subject: Electricity market
subject: Capacity market
subject: Reverse auctions
subject: Regulierung
subject: Dekarbonisierung
subject: Erneuerbare Energien
subject: Strommarkt
subject: Kapazitätsmarkt
subject: Auktionen
subject: Regulierung
subject: Erneuerbare Energien
subject: Elektrizitätsmarkt

description: The fight against climate change requires the decarbonization of the energy sector, especially the electricity sector. A transition from fossil fuel based electricity generation to renewable energy is needed. Most countries struggle to phase out fossil fuels to achieve the required sector transformation. This thesis analyzes the decarbonization progress in the EU member countries against the EU 2020 targets and explores shortcomings in the regulatory design of electricity markets to transform the sector to low-emission electricity generation. A capacity auction with reliability options and an optimized auction design to promote renewable energy are developed to accelerate the transformation process while accounting for cost-efficiency and balanced burden-sharing. Hence, offering instruments that are politically feasible.
description: Der Kampf gegen den Klimawandel erfordert die Dekarbonisierung des Energiesektors, insbesondere des Stromsektors. Fossile Brennstoffe zur Stromerzeugung müssen durch erneuerbare Energien ersetzt werden. Die meisten Länder tun sich schwer mit dem Ausstieg aus fossilen Brennstoffen, um die erforderliche Transformation des Stromsektors zu erreichen. In dieser Arbeit werden die Fortschritte bei der Dekarbonisierung in den EU-Mitgliedsländern hinsichtlich der EU-Ziele für 2020 analysiert. Außerdem werden Schwachstellen in der Regulierung von Strommärkten, um den Sektor auf eine emissionsarme Stromerzeugung umzustellen, untersucht. Eine Kapazitätsauktion mit Verlässlichkeitsoptionen und ein optimiertes Auktionsdesign zur Förderung erneuerbarer Energien werden entwickelt, um den Transformationsprozess unter Berücksichtigung von Kosteneffizienz und ausgewogener Lastenteilung zu beschleunigen. Damit werden Instrumente entwickelt, die politisch durchsetzbar sind.
Novae epistolae obscurorum virorum ex Francofurto Moenano ad D. Arnoldum Rugium philosophum rubrum nec non abstractissimum datae; 1849
Creators: name: Schwetschke, Karl Gustav
name: Ruge, Arnold
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Verf. ermittelt
Multi-Epoch High-Spectral-Resolution Observations of Neutral Sodium in 14 Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Sternberg, A.
name: Yam, A. Gal
name: Simon, J. D.
name: Patat, F.
name: Hillebrandt, W.
name: Phillips, M. M.
name: Foley, R. J.
name: Thompson, I.
name: Morrell, N.
name: Chomiuk, L.
name: Soderberg, A. M.
name: Yong, D.
name: Kraus, A. L.
name: Herczeg, G. J.
name: Hsiao, E. Y.
name: Raskutti, S.
name: Cohen, J. G.
name: Mazzali, P. A.
name: Nomoto, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main questions concerning Type Ia supernovae is the nature of the binary companion of the exploding white dwarf. A major discriminant between different suggested models is the presence and physical properties of circumstellar material at the time of explosion. If present, this material will be ionized by the ultra-violet radiation of the explosion and later recombine. This ionization-recombination should manifest itself as time-variable absorption features that can be detected via multi-epoch high-spectral-resolution observations. Previous studies have shown that the strongest effect is seen in the neutral sodium D lines. We report on observations of neutral sodium absorption features observed in multi-epoch high-resolution spectra of 14 Type Ia supernova events. This is the first multi-epoch high-resolution study to include multiple SNe. No variability in line strength that can be associated with circumstellar material is detected. We find that ~18% of the events in the extended sample exhibit time-variable sodium features associated with circumstellar material. We explore the implication of this study on our understanding of the progenitor systems of Type Ia supernovae via the current Type Ia supernova multi-epoch high-spectral-resolution sample.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Additional file 2 of Intracranial response to positive end-expiratory pressure is influenced by lung recruitability and gas distribution during mechanical ventilation in acute brain injury patients: a proof-of-concept physiological study
Creators: name: Bencze, Reka
name: Kawati, Rafael
name: Hånell, Anders
name: Lewen, Anders
name: Enblad, Per
name: Engquist, Henrik
name: Bjarnadottir, Kristin Jona
name: Joensen, Odin
name: Barrueta Tenhunen, Annelie
name: Freden, Filip
name: Brochard, Laurent
name: Perchiazzi, Gaetano
name: Pellegrini, Mariangela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary file 2.
Developments in Marketing Spreads for Agricultural Products in 1976
Creators: name: Dunham, Denis
name: Dunham, Denis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Price spreads
subject: food marketing
subject: costs

description: Larger food supplies and an easing of inflationary forces greatly slowed the rise in food prices in 1976. The retail cost of a market basket of farm foods averaged only 1 percent higher than in 1975. All of the increase was accounted for by an increase of 5 percent in the farm-retail price spread, representing the charges for processing and distribution. The 1976 increase in the marketing spread was the smallest in several years, due in part to a slower rise in the costs of some marketing inputs, such as food containers. Returns to farmers for food products declined about 4 percent in 1976, mainly due to lower livestock prices. Farmers received an average of 40 cents of each dollar spent by consumers for farm foods in 1976--2 cents less than in 1975.
Gentrifying a Superfund Site: Why Gowanus, Brooklyn is Becoming a Real Estate Hot Spot
Creators: name: Krisel, Rebecca Salima
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Gentrification
Housing development
Housing
Manufacturing industries--Location
Sustainable urban development
Hazardous waste sites
Sustainability
City planning

description: This feature length article tells the story of Gowanus, a Brooklyn neighborhood on the Gowanus Canal, haunted by the pollutants of its industrial past. that rests along the banks of the Gowanus Canal. The Environmental Protection Agency recognized the latter Gowanus Canal as a Superfund cleanup site in March 2010. Yet , Gowanus is experiencing an economic and cultural revival. What was historically a booming manufacturing area with active warehouses spilling their waste into the Gowanus Canal is now an industrial wasteland site where middle to upper class families, seeking to purchase organic foods, are willing to relocate and settle down. As of December 2014, a two-bedroom condo boasting waterfront views and located just one block away from the Gowanus Canal on Carroll Street in between Nevins Street and Third Avenue, was selling priced atfor $1,549,000. The average price per square foot for homes in Gowanus is 50 percent higher than the rest of Brooklyn. This story links issues of sustainable development and current urban housing needs in New York City. My research rested primarily on interviews with subjects who have specific expertise in the changes of the neighborhood. I was fortunate to speak with a real estate agent who specializes in Gowanus, a representative at an affordable housing advocacy group working on development in Gowanus, two separate families who moved to the area when they started began having children, and a life-long resident of 27 years. I also attended two community meetings relating to the sustainable development of Gowanus in addition to speaking with some old and new shop dwellers.
Search for global f-modes and p-modes in the 8B neutrino flux
Creators: name: Lopes, Ilidio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of global acoustic modes on the 8B neutrino flux time series is computed for the first time. It is shown that the time fluctuations of the 8B neutrino flux depend on the amplitude of acoustic eigenfunctions in the region where the 8B neutrino flux is produced: modes with low n (or order) that have eigenfunctions with a relatively large amplitude in the Sun's core, strongly affect the neutrino flux; conversely, modes with high n that have eigenfunctions with a minimal amplitude in the Sun's core have a very small impact on the neutrino flux. It was found that the global modes with a larger impact on the 8B neutrino flux have a frequency of oscillation in the interval 250 μHz to 500 μHz (or a period in the interval 30 minutes to 70 minutes), such as the f-modes (n=0) for the low degrees, radial modes of order n smaller or equal to 3, and the dipole mode of order n=1. Their corresponding neutrino eigenfunctions are very sensitive to the solar inner core and are unaffected by the variability of the external layers of the solar surface. If time variability of neutrinos is observed for these modes, it will lead to new ways of improving the sound speed profile inversion in the central region of the Sun.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Global polarization of $Λ$ and $\barΛ$ hyperons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=19.6$ and $27$ GeV
Creators: name: The STAR Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, a global spin polarization, $P_\mathrm{H}$, of $Λ$ and $\barΛ$ hyperons along the direction of the system angular momentum was discovered and measured across a broad range of collision energies and demonstrated a trend of increasing $P_\mathrm{H}$ with decreasing $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$. A splitting between $Λ$ and $\barΛ$ polarization may be possible due to their different magnetic moments in a late-stage magnetic field sustained by the quark-gluon plasma which is formed in the collision. The results presented in this study find no significant splitting at the collision energies of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=19.6$ and $27$ GeV in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan Phase II using the STAR detector, with an upper limit of $P_{\barΛ}-P_Λ<0.24$% and $P_{\barΛ}-P_Λ<0.35$%, respectively, at a 95% confidence level. We derive an upper limit on the naïve extraction of the late-stage magnetic field of $B<9.4\cdot10^{12}$ T and $B<1.4\cdot10^{13}$ T at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=19.6$ and $27$ GeV, respectively, although more thorough derivations are needed. Differential measurements of $P_\mathrm{H}$ were performed with respect to collision centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity. With our current acceptance of $|y|<1$ and uncertainties, we observe no dependence on transverse momentum and rapidity in this analysis. These results challenge multiple existing model calculations following a variety of different assumptions which have each predicted a strong dependence on rapidity in this collision-energy range.
Planar AdS black holes in Lovelock gravity with a nonminimal scalar field
Creators: name: Gaete, Moises Bravo
name: Hassaine, Mokhtar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In arbitrary dimension D, we consider a self-interacting scalar field nonminimally coupled with a gravity theory given by a particular Lovelock action indexed by an integer k. To be more precise, the coefficients appearing in the Lovelock expansion are fixed by requiring the theory to have a unique AdS vacuum with a fixed value of the cosmological constant. This yields to k=1,2,...,[(D-1)/2] inequivalent possible gravity theories; here the case k=1 corresponds to the standard Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian. For each par (D,k), we derive two classes of AdS black hole solutions with planar event horizon topology for particular values of the nonminimal coupling parameter. The first family of solutions depends on a unique constant and is valid only for k>1. In fact, its GR counterpart k=1 reduces to the pure AdS metric with a vanishing scalar field. The second family of solutions involves two independent constants and corresponds to a stealth black hole configuration; that is a nontrivial scalar field together with a black hole metric such that both side of the Einstein equations (gravity and matter parts) vanishes identically. In this case, the standard GR case k=1 reduces to the Schwarzschild-AdS-Tangherlini black hole metric with a trivial scalar field. In both cases, the existence of these solutions is strongly inherent of the presence of the higher order curvature terms k>1 of the Lovelock gravity. We also establish that these solutions emerge from a stealth configuration defined on the pure AdS metric through a Kerr-Schild transformation. Finally, in the last part, we include multiple exact (D-1)-forms homogenously distributed and coupled to the scalar field. For a specific coupling, we obtain black hole solutions for arbitrary value of the nonminimal coupling parameter generalizing those obtained in the pure scalar field case.
description: 19 pages. Some misprints corrected, some references and comments added
Full velocities and propagation directions of coronal mass ejections inferred from simultaneous full-disk imaging and Sun-as-a-star spectroscopic observations
Creators: name: Lu, Hong-peng
name: Tian, Hui
name: Chen, He-chao
name: Xu, Yu
name: Hou, Zhen-yong
name: Bai, Xian-yong
name: Tan, Guang-yu
name: Yang, Zi-hao
name: Ren, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are violent ejections of magnetized plasma from the Sun, which can trigger geomagnetic storms, endanger satellite operations and destroy electrical infrastructures on the Earth. After systematically searching Sun-as-a-star spectra observed by the Extreme-ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) from May 2010 to May 2022, we identified eight CMEs associated with flares and filament eruptions by analyzing the blue-wing asymmetry of the O III 52.58 nm line profiles. Combined with images simultaneously taken by the 30.4 nm channel of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard SDO, the full velocity and propagation direction for each of the eight CMEs are derived. We find a strong correlation between geomagnetic indices (Kp and Dst) and the angle between the CME propagation direction and the Sun-Earth line, suggesting that Sun-as-a-star spectroscopic observations at EUV wavelengths can potentially help to improve the prediction accuracy of the geoeffectiveness of CMEs. Moreover, an analysis of synthesized long-exposure Sun-as-a-star spectra implies that it is possible to detect CMEs from other stars through blue-wing asymmetries or blueshifts of spectral lines.
description: Accepted by ApJ