cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Land use intensification alters ecosystem multifunctionality via loss of biodiversity and changes to functional composition
Creators: name: Allan, Eric
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
name: Manning, Pete
name: Alt, Fabian
name: Binkenstein, Julia
name: Blaser, Stefan
name: Blüthgen, Nico
name: Böhm, Stefan
name: Grassein, Fabrice
name: Hölzel, Norbert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: biodiversity–ecosystem functioning
subject: ecosystem services
subject: global change
subject: land use
subject: multifunctionality
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: Global change, especially land‐use intensification, affects human well‐being by impacting the delivery of multiple ecosystem services (multifunctionality). However, whether biodiversity loss is a major component of global change effects on multifunctionality in real‐world ecosystems, as in experimental ones, remains unclear. Therefore, we assessed biodiversity, functional composition and 14 ecosystem services on 150 agricultural grasslands differing in land‐use intensity. We also introduce five multifunctionality measures in which ecosystem services were weighted according to realistic land‐use objectives. We found that indirect land‐use effects, i.e. those mediated by biodiversity loss and by changes to functional composition, were as strong as direct effects on average. Their strength varied with land‐use objectives and regional context. Biodiversity loss explained indirect effects in a region of intermediate productivity and was most damaging when land‐use objectives favoured supporting and cultural services. In contrast, functional composition shifts, towards fast‐growing plant species, strongly increased provisioning services in more inherently unproductive grasslands.
Território, Paisagem e Materialidade - As Comunidades Tradicionais no Alto Sertão Baiano
Creators: name: Freitas, Juliana
name: Nordeste 2020, SAB
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Twentieth century
subject: Twenty-first century
subject: Brazil
subject: Archaeology

description: Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio 6 da VI Reunião da SAB Nordeste 2020
Where less may be more: how the rare biosphere pulls ecosystems strings
Creators: name: Jousset, Alexandre
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
name: Bienhold, Christina
name: Chatzinotas, Antonis
name: Gallien, Laure
name: Gobet, Angélique
name: Kurm, Viola
name: Küsel, Kirsten
name: Rivett, Damian W.
name: Salles, Joana F.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: community ecology
subject: microbial ecology
subject: rare biosphere
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: Rare species are increasingly recognized as crucial, yet vulnerable components of Earth’s ecosystems. This is also true for microbial communities, which are typically composed of a high number of relatively rare species. Recent studies have demonstrated that rare species can have an over-proportional role in biogeochemical cycles and may be a hidden driver of microbiome function. In this review, we provide an ecological overview of the rare microbial biosphere, including causes of rarity and the impacts of rare species on ecosystem functioning. We discuss how rare species can have a preponderant role for local biodiversity and species turnover with rarity potentially bound to phylogenetically conserved features. Rare microbes may therefore be overlooked keystone species regulating the functioning of host-associated, terrestrial and aquatic environments. We conclude this review with recommendations to guide scientists interested in investigating this rapidly emerging research area.
CORRELATION  ANALYSIS  OF  REACTIVITY  IN  THE OXIDATION OF SUBSTITUTED BENZALDEHYDES BY QUINOLINIUM FLUOROCHROMATE
Creators: name: Khatri, Jagrity
name: Choudhary, Anurag
name: Purohit, P
name: Kumbhat, R
name: Sharma, Vinita
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2012

description: Oxidation of thirty six monosubstituted benzaldehydes by quinolinium fluorochromate (QFC) in dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO), leads to the formation of corresponding benzoic acids. The reaction is of first order with respect to QFC. A Michaelis-Menten type kinetics was observed with respect to the reactants. The reaction is promoted by hydrogen ions; the hydrogen‑ion dependence has the form kobs=a +b[H+]. The oxidation of [2H]benzaldehyde (PhCDO) exhibited a  substantial primary  kinetic   isotope effect. The reaction was studied in nineteen different organic solvents and the effect of solvent was analysed using Taft's and Swain's multi-parametric equations.  The rates of the oxidation of para‑ and meta‑substituted benzaldehydes showed excellent correlation in terms of  Charton’s triparametric LDR equation, whereas the oxidation of ortho-substituted benzaldehydes were correlated well with tetraperametric LDRS equation. The oxidation of para-substituted benzaldehydes is more susceptible to the delocalized effect than is the oxidation of ortho- and meta- substituted compounds, which display a greater dependence on the field effect. The positive value of h suggests the presence of an electron-deficient reaction centre in the rate-determining step. The reaction is subjected to steric acceleration by the ortho-substituents. A suitable mechanism has been proposed.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 1, No 3-4 (2012): European Chemical Bulletin
Prevedere la turbolenza ottica? Ora ci pensa Fate
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Acronimo di “Forecasting atmosphere and turbulence for Eso sites”, il progetto Fate è finalizzato a produrre previsioni della turbolenza ottica e dei principali parametri atmosferici per ottimizzare le osservazioni astronomiche del Very Large Telescope dell’Eso e di tutti gli strumenti di cui è equipaggiato. A guida Inaf, vede la collaborazione del consorzio Cnr/Regione Toscana Lamma
CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES IN FOODS AND FOOD PRODUCTS
Creators: name: Cserháti, Tibor
name: Szőgyi, Mária
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2012

description: The newest results in the chromatographic analysis of pesticides present in foods and food products are collected and the results are critically evaluated. Examples for the employment of preconcentration and prepurification technologies, gas chromatography using ECD, NPD, MS and MS/MS detection methods, liquid chromatographic methodologies such as thin-layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatographic methods as well as electrically driven systems are presented. The advantages and disadvantages of the various chromatographic technologies are shortly discussed and the efficacies of the methodologies are compared. Pesticides included in the review are insecticides, herbicides, acaricides, organophosphorous and organochlorine compounds The application of the chromatographic methods for the determination of pesticides in a wide variety foods and food products  is discussed in detail.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 1, No 3-4 (2012): European Chemical Bulletin
title: The relation between language and arithmetic in bilinguals
title: insights from different stages of language acquisition
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Rinsveld, Amandine Van
name: Brunner, Martin
name: Landerl, Karin
name: Schiltz, Christine
name: Ugen, Sonja
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 400 Sprache

description: Solving arithmetic problems is a cognitive task that heavily relies on language processing. One might thus wonder whether this language-reliance leads to qualitative differences (e.g., greater difficulties, error types, etc.) in arithmetic for bilingual individuals who frequently have to solve arithmetic problems in more than one language. The present study investigated how proficiency in two languages interacts with arithmetic problem solving throughout language acquisition in adolescents and young adults. Additionally, we examined whether the number word structure that is specific to a given language plays a role in number processing over and above bilingual proficiency. We addressed these issues in a German–French educational bilingual setting, where there is a progressive transition from German to French as teaching language. Importantly, German and French number naming structures differ clearly, as two-digit number names follow a unit-ten order in German, but a ten-unit order in French. We implemented a transversal developmental design in which bilingual pupils from grades 7, 8, 10, 11, and young adults were asked to solve simple and complex additions in both languages. The results confirmed that language proficiency is crucial especially for complex addition computation. Simple additions in contrast can be retrieved equally well in both languages after extended language practice. Additional analyses revealed that over and above language proficiency, language-specific number word structures (e.g., unit-ten vs. ten-unit) also induced significant modulations of bilinguals' arithmetic performances. Taken together, these findings support the view of a strong relation between language and arithmetic in bilinguals.
Território, Paisagem e Materialidade - As Comunidades Tradicionais no Alto Sertão Baiano
Creators: name: Freitas, Juliana
name: Freitas, Juliana
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Archaeology
subject: Brazil
subject: Twentieth century
subject: Twenty-first century

description: Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio 6 da VI Reunião da SAB Nordeste 2020
Space RadSim: Binary-Agnostic Fault Injection to Evaluate Cosmic Radiation Impact on Exploit Mitigation Techniques in Space
Creators: name: Willbold, Johannes
name: Cloosters, Tobias
name: Wörner, Simon
name: Buchmann, Felix
name: Schloegel, Moritz
name: Davi, Lucas
name: Holz, Thorsten
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2025

description: Over the past decade, the proliferation of Low Earth Orbit satellites, driven by lower launch costs, has revolutionized space applications, from communication to earth observation and weather forecasting. This trend also introduced a shift in hardware: Specialized radiation-resistant hardware was displaced by cheaper commercial off-the-shelf components. As a critical part of modern infrastructure, satellites attract cyber attacks and are subject to terrestrial and space-specific threats, necessitating effective security measures. However, cryptographic protections and exploit mitigations remain limited in productive satellite firmware. Academic research on satellite security only focuses on cryptographic protections, which raises the question if exploit mitigation strategies are suitable for satellites or impacted by space-specific factors, such as cosmic radiation. In this paper, we present the first systematic analysis of 381 small satellite designs, identifying the prevalence of commercial off-the-shelf hardware platforms in space projects and the availability of ready-to-use exploit mitigation strategies for satellite platforms. Since mitigations are seemingly available, we explore the effects of cosmic radiation on software-based exploit mitigations by implementing RadSim, an automated tool for simulating single event errors (bitflips). Our study simulated over 21 billion faults in differently hardened satellite firmware binaries to assess the fault tolerance of exploit mitigation strategies in the presence of cosmic radiation. Our results reveal that some mitigations barely impact the fault tolerance, while others increase the error probability of hardened satellite firmware by up to 19%. These findings provide novel insights into the trade-offs between exploit mitigation effectiveness and radiation resilience, offering guidance to satellite developers on optimizing security in space-based systems.
EVALUATION OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC RETENTION DATA BY CLUSTER  ANALYSIS. NEW ACHIEVEMENTS.
Creators: name: Cserháti, Tibor
name: Szőgyi, Mária
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2012

description: The newest results in the application of cluster analysis a multivariate mathematical-statistical technique for the evaluation of large retention data matrices are collected. The results are critically evaluated, and examples for the application in gas chromatography, liquid chromatographic techniques such as thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography, as well as in electrically driven systems are presented.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 1, No 3-4 (2012): European Chemical Bulletin
title: The Paris Climate Agreement and the Three Largest Emitters
title: China, the United States, and the European Union
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schreurs, Miranda A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: China
subject: climate change
subject: European Union
subject: leadership
subject: Paris
subject: United States
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft

description: The Paris Agreement would not have come into being had China, the United States (US), and the European Union (EU), which together contribute more than half of all global greenhouse gas emissions, not signaled their intent to take major steps to reduce their domestic emissions. The EU has been at the forefront of global climate change measures for years having issued binding domestic emission reduction targets for 2020 and 2030. For many years, China refused to announce a target date for when it might begin reducing its greenhouse gas emissions, and the US Congress blocked action on climate change. In the lead up to the Paris climate negotiations, however, there were major shifts in China’s and the US’s climate positions. This commentary examines the climate policies of the three largest emitters and the factors motivating the positions they took in the Paris negotiations. Given that the commitments made in Paris are most likely insufficient to keep global temperature from rising 2 °C above pre-industrial levels, the commentary also considers what the likelihood is that these three major economies will strengthen their emission reduction targets in the near future.
GREEN ADMINISTRATIVE SKILL MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN MANUFACTURING FIRM SOUTH NIGERIA
Creators: name: Emeh, Ndidiamaka Chioma, Ph.D
Publisher: name: Top journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Administration, Employee, Green, Management, Performance, Skill

description: This study examined the effect of Green Administrative Skill Management on Employee Performance in manufacturing firms in South Nigeria. The specific objectives are to; examine the effect of communication skills on employee performance and evaluate the effect of time management skills on employee performance in manufacturing firms in South Nigeria. A descriptive research design was adopted for the study. A structured questionnaire design with a five-point Likert scale was used to collect primary data for the study. Data collected were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The result revealed that communication skill significantly impacts employee performance with a P-value of (p=0.000) while time management skills have a significant impact on employee performance with a P-value of (p = 0.003) in Manufacturing firms in South Nigeria. We concluded that Green Administrative Skill Management has a significant effect on Employee Performance in manufacturing firms in South Nigeria. We recommended that Manufacturing firms should prioritize the development of communication skills training programs aimed at enhancing employees' ability to effectively convey and receive information related to environmental sustainability initiatives.
Vicine e vecchissime
Creators: Federica Loiacono
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Un team di astronomi del Mit ha individuato tre fra le stelle più antiche mai osservate all’interno della Via Lattea. Si trovano a trentamila anni luce dalla Terra e la loro età è stimata fra i dodici e i tredici miliardi di anni. La composizione chimica e i moti di questi oggetti suggeriscono che le stelle si siano formate in galassie satelliti della Via Lattea, che si sono fuse con la nostra galassia mentre era in fase di sviluppo
Os Potes no Cotidiano Doméstico Sertanejo: Materialidades Resistentes
Creators: name: Magri Amaral, Daniella
name: Magri Amaral, Daniella
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Archaeology
subject: Brazil
subject: Twentieth century
subject: Twenty-first century

description: Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio 6 da VI Reunião da SAB Nordeste 2020
OXIDATION OF ALIPHATIC PRIMARY ALCOHOLS BY TETRAKIS (PYRIDINE) SILVER DICHROMATE – A KINETIC & MECHANISTIC APPROACH
Creators: name: Daiya, Amit
name: Sharma, Deepika
name: Baghmar, Manju
name: Mishra, Pallvi
name: Sharma, Shobha
name: Sharma, Vinita
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2012

description: The oxidation of nine aliphatic primary alcohols by tetrakis (pyridine) silver dichromate (TPSD) in dimethylsulfoxide leads to the formation of corresponding aldehydes.  The reaction is first order with respect to TPSD. A Michaelis-Menten type kinetics is observed with respect to alcohols. The reaction is promoted by hydrogen ions; the hydrogen‑ion dependence has the form kobs= a + b [H+]. The oxidation of [1,1‑2H2]ethanol (MeCD2OH) exhibits a substantial primary kinetic isotope effect (kH/kD = 5.85 at 298K). The reaction has been studied in nineteen different organic solvents. The solvent effect was analysed using Taft's and Swain's multiparametric equations. The rate of oxidation is susceptible to both polar and steric effects of the substituents.   A suitable mechanism has been proposed.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 1, No 3-4 (2012): European Chemical Bulletin
Thermoelectric nanospectroscopy for the imaging of molecular fingerprints
Creators: name: Ulrich, Georg
name: Pfitzner, Emanuel
name: Hoehl, Arne
name: Liao, Jung-Wei
name: Zadvorna, Olga
name: Schweicher, Guillaume
name: Sirringhaus, Henning
name: Heberle, Joachim
name: Kästner, Bernd
name: Wunderlich, Jörg
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nanospectroscopy
subject: photothermoelectric effect
subject: s-SNOM
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We present a nanospectroscopic device platform allowing simple and spatially resolved thermoelectric detection of molecular fingerprints of soft materials. Our technique makes use of a locally generated thermal gradient converted into a thermoelectric photocurrent that is read out in the underlying device. The thermal gradient is generated by an illuminated atomic force microscope tip that localizes power absorption onto the sample surface. The detection principle is illustrated using a concept device that contains a nanostructured strip of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) defined by electron beam lithography. The platform's capabilities are demonstrated through a comparison between the spectrum obtained by on-chip thermoelectric nanospectroscopy with a nano-FTIR spectrum recorded by scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy at the same position. The subwavelength spatial resolution is demonstrated by a spectral line scan across the edge of the PMMA layer.
CHROMATOGRAPHY OF XENOBIOTICS IN BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MATRICES
Creators: name: Oros, Gyula
name: Cserháti, Tibor
name: Szőgyi, Mária
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2012

description: The newest results in the chromatographic analysis of xenobiotics present in

biological and environmntal matrices are compiled and the results are critically evaluated. Examples for the employment of preconcentration and prepurification technologies, gas chromatography using electron capture detection (ECD), nitrogen phosphor detector (NPD), various mass spectrometric detection methods (MS, MS/MS, etc), liquid chromatographic methodologies such as thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatographic methods (HPLC) as well as electrically driven systems are presented. The advantages and disasdvantages of the various chromatographic technologies are shortly discussed and the efficacies of the methodologies are compared.  Xenobiotics included in the review are volatile organic compounds (VOC), hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon-based pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), polychlorinated biphenols (PCB), other polyhalogenated compounds, pesticides, etc.  The application of various chromatographic methods for the determination of xenobiotics in a wide variety of biological and environmental matrices is discussed in detail.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 1, No 3-4 (2012): European Chemical Bulletin
Alle sorgenti del vento solare
Creators: Claudia Mignone
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Il vento solare conserva le “impronte” della regione sulla superficie del Sole in cui si è generato: lo dimostra Solar Orbiter, che per la prima volta ha messo in relazione immagini ad alta risoluzione della nostra stella con misure dirette del vento solare in prossimità di un veicolo spaziale. Lo studio, pubblicato oggi su Nature Astronomy, chiarisce l'origine del vento solare “lento” e apre nuove prospettive per indagare l'eliosfera
Os Potes no Cotidiano Doméstico Sertanejo: Materialidades Resistentes
Creators: name: Magri Amaral, Daniella
name: Nordeste 2020, SAB
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Twentieth century
subject: Twenty-first century
subject: Brazil
subject: Archaeology

description: Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio 6 da VI Reunião da SAB Nordeste 2020
The genome of a songbird
Creators: name: Warren, Wesley C.
name: Scharff, Constance
name: Adam, Iris
name: Clayton, David F.
name: Ellegren, Hans
name: Arnold, Arthur P.
name: Hillier, LaDeana W.
name: Künstner, Axel
name: Searle, Steve
name: White, Simon
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: animal behaviour
subject: genome
subject: neuroscience
subject: zebra finch
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::576 Genetik und Evolution

description: The zebra finch is an important model organism in several fields1,2 with unique relevance to human neuroscience3,4. Like other songbirds, the zebra finch communicates through learned vocalizations, an ability otherwise documented only in humans and a few other animals and lacking in the chicken5—the only bird with a sequenced genome until now6. Here we present a structural, functional and comparative analysis of the genome sequence of the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), which is a songbird belonging to the large avian order Passeriformes7. We find that the overall structures of the genomes are similar in zebra finch and chicken, but they differ in many intrachromosomal rearrangements, lineage-specific gene family expansions, the number of long-terminal-repeat-based retrotransposons, and mechanisms of sex chromosome dosage compensation. We show that song behaviour engages gene regulatory networks in the zebra finch brain, altering the expression of long non-coding RNAs, microRNAs, transcription factors and their targets. We also show evidence for rapid molecular evolution in the songbird lineage of genes that are regulated during song experience. These results indicate an active involvement of the genome in neural processes underlying vocal communication and identify potential genetic substrates for the evolution and regulation of this behaviour.
1,3,5-TRICYANOBENZENE –A MUTAGENIC BY-PRODUCT OF CARBON FIBER PRODUCTION IN PYROLYSIS OF POLY(ACRYLONITRILE-CO-METHYL METHACRYLATE)
Creators: name: Kótai, László
name: Gömöry, Ágnes
name: Sharma, Pradeep K
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2012

description: A solid by-product formed as deposit in the pyrolysis process of poly(acrylonitrile-co-methyl methacrylate) was analyzed and two main components, namely ammonium sulphate and 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene were identified by IR, GC-IR, TG-MS and XRD methods. The main organic components, 1,3,5-tricyanobenzene was crystallized out from acetone extract as colourless needles. 1,3,5-Tricyanobenzene proved to be mutagenic by bacterial (Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA1537) reverse mutation assay.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 1, No 3-4 (2012): European Chemical Bulletin
Se la scienza sbaglia sulla parità di genere
Creators: Patrizia Caraveo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Per Katalin Karikó la strada per arrivare al Nobel, raccontata ora in ”Nonostante tutto”, non è stata facile. Così come per le altre 25 donne – protagoniste di “Le madri di idee” di Elisabetta Strickland – che hanno ricevuto il premio nel campo della fisica, della chimica e della medicina. Con il consenso dell'autrice, Patrizia Caraveo, vi riproponiamo la recensione dei due libri pubblicata domenica scorsa sul Sole24Ore
Direct and indirect effects of land-use intensity on plant communities across elevation in semi-natural grasslands
Creators: name: Buzhdygan, Oksana Y.
name: Tietjen, Britta
name: Rudenko, Svitlana S.
name: Nikorych, Volodymyr A.
name: Petermann, Jana S.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: grasslands
subject: plant communities
subject: biodiversity
subject: livestock
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Grassland biodiversity is vulnerable to land use change. How to best manage semi-natural grasslands for maintaining biodiversity is still unclear in many cases because land-use processes may depend on environmental conditions and the indirect effects of land-use on biodiversity mediated by altered abiotic and biotic factors are rarely considered. Here we evaluate the relative importance of the direct and indirect effects of grazing intensity on plant communities along an elevational gradient on a large topographic scale in the Eastern Carpathians in Ukraine. We sampled for two years 31 semi-natural grasslands exposed to cattle grazing. Within each grassland site we measured plant community properties such as the number of species, functional groups, and the proportion of species undesirable for grazing. In addition, we recorded cattle density (as a proxy for grazing intensity), soil properties (bare soil exposure, soil organic carbon, and soil pH) and densities of soil decomposers (earthworms and soil microorganisms). We used structural equation modelling to explore the direct and indirect effects of grazing intensity on plant communities along the elevation gradient. We found that cattle density decreased plant species and functional diversity but increased the proportion of undesirable species. Some of these effects were directly linked to grazing intensity (i.e., species richness), while others (i.e., functional diversity and proportion of undesirable species) were mediated via bare soil exposure. Although grazing intensity decreased with elevation, the effects of grazing on the plant community did not change along the elevation gradient. Generally, elevation had a strong positive direct effect on plant species richness as well as a negative indirect effect, mediated via altered soil acidity and decreased decomposer density. Our results indicate that plant diversity and composition are controlled by the complex interplay among grazing intensity and changing environmental conditions along an elevation gradient. Furthermore, we found lower soil pH, organic carbon and decomposer density with elevation, indicating that the effects of grazing on soil and related ecosystem functions and services in semi-natural grasslands may be more pronounced with elevation. This demonstrates that we need to account for environmental gradients when attempting to generalize effects of land-use intensity on biodiversity.
STRUCTURE AND SPECTROSCOPY OF 3-CHLORO-4-FLUORO-1,2,5-THIADIAZOLE
Creators: name: Pacsai, Bálint
name: Vass, Gábor
name: Pasinszki, Tibor
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2012

description: 3-Chloro-4-fluoro-1,2,5-thiadiazole has been synthesized and investigated in the gas phase by IR spectroscopy and UV photoelectron spectroscopy. The ground-state geometry of the neutral molecule has been obtained from quantum-chemical calculations using the B3LYP/aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z method. Ionization potentials have been determined and the electronic structure has been discussed within the frame of molecular orbital theory. IR and photoelectron spectroscopies, supported by quantum-chemical calculations at the B3LYP and SAC-CI/aug-cc-pV(T+d)Z levels, provide a detailed investigation into the vibrational and electronic character of the molecule.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 1, No 3-4 (2012): European Chemical Bulletin
Uma Amazônia Negra: Arqueologia e Encantaria no Sul do Amapá
Creators: name: Siqueira Costa Leite, Lúcio Flávio
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Archaeology
subject: Brazil
subject: Twentieth century
subject: Twenty-first century

description: Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio 6 da VI Reunião da SAB Nordeste 2020
Uma Amazônia Negra: Arqueologia e Encantaria no Sul do Amapá
Creators: name: Nordeste 2020, SAB
name: Siqueira Costa Leite, Lúcio Flávio
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Twentieth century
subject: Twenty-first century
subject: Brazil
subject: Archaeology

description: Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio 6 da VI Reunião da SAB Nordeste 2020
Scoperte recenti colate di lava su Venere
Creators: Redazione Ansa
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Analizzando i dati della missione Magellan, sono state individuate su Venere colate di lava, suggerendo che l’attività vulcanica sul pianeta potrebbe essere maggiore e più diffusa di quanto si pensasse in precedenza. I risultati, ottenuti da un team tutto italiano guidato da Davide Sulcanese dell’Università di Pescara e pubblicati su Nature Astronomy, offrono sostegno all’ipotesi che Venere sia attualmente ancora attivo dal punto di vista vulcanico
The alarmone (p)ppGpp confers tolerance to oxidative stress during the stationary phase by maintenance of redox and iron homeostasis in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Fritsch, Verena Nadin
name: Vu, Van Loi
name: Busche, Tobias
name: Tung, Quach Ngoc
name: Lill, Roland
name: Horvatek, Petra
name: Wolz, Christiane
name: Kalinowski, Jörn
name: Antelmann, Haike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Staphylococcus aureus
subject: (p)ppGpp
subject: Stringent response
subject: ROS
subject: HOCl
subject: Antibiotics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Slow growing stationary phase bacteria are often tolerant to multiple stressors and antimicrobials. Here, we show that the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus develops a non-specific tolerance towards oxidative stress during the stationary phase, which is mediated by the nucleotide second messenger (p)ppGpp. The (p)ppGpp(0) mutant was highly susceptible to HOCl stress during the stationary phase. Transcriptome analysis of the (p)ppGpp(0) mutant revealed an increased expression of the PerR, SigB, QsrR, CtsR and HrcA regulons during the stationary phase, indicating an oxidative stress response. The (p)ppGpp(0) mutant showed a slight oxidative shift in the bacillithiol (BSH) redox potential (EBSH) and an impaired H2O2 detoxification due to higher endogenous ROS levels. The increased ROS levels in the (p)ppGpp(0) mutant were shown to be caused by higher respiratory chain activity and elevated total and free iron levels. Consistent with these results, N-acetyl cysteine and the iron-chelator dipyridyl improved the growth and survival of the (p)ppGpp(0) mutant under oxidative stress. Elevated free iron levels caused 8 to 31-fold increased transcription of Fe-storage proteins ferritin (ftnA) and miniferritin (dps) in the (p) ppGpp(0) mutant, while Fur-regulated uptake systems for iron, heme or siderophores (efeOBU, isdABCDEFG, sir ABC and sstADBCD) were repressed. Finally, the susceptibility of the (p)ppGpp(0) mutant towards the bactericidal action of the antibiotics ciprofloxacin and tetracycline was abrogated with N-acetyl cysteine and dipyridyl. Taken together, (p)ppGpp confers tolerance to ROS and antibiotics by down-regulation of respiratory chain activity and free iron levels, lowering ROS formation to ensure redox homeostasis in S. aureus.
ACETIC ACID AS A CATALYST IN THE SYNTHESIS OF BENZOXANTHENES
Creators: name: George, Meryl Maria
name: Aakruti, R. Shah
name: Iniyavan, P.
name: Sarveswari, S.
name: Vijayakumar, V.
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2014

description: Multi-functionalized xanthenes were synthesised using arylaldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds through multi-component reactions using acetic acid as the catalyst and all these newly synthesized compounds have been characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR spectral data.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 3, No 5 (2014): European Chemical Bulletin
Financial incentives to improve medication adherence for children and young people with asthma
Creators: name: Hine, Jasmine
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2024

description: Adherence to asthma maintenance treatment for children and young people (CYP) with asthma is poor; however, behaviour change is challenging. Electronic monitoring supported by reminders are effective at improving adherence, yet this is not often sustained. Financial incentives may support these approaches to bring about longer-term changes and improved clinical outcomes for CYP. Therefore, the over-arching aim of this PhD is to explore the use of financial incentives for CYP with asthma to improve their adherence to maintenance treatment. This PhD was completed in three projects. Project 1 was a systematic review that explored the effectiveness of financial incentives to improve asthma management behaviours. There were mixed results; however, effective financial incentive characteristics were identified. Project 2 conducted focus groups with CYP, their parents, and healthcare professionals to explore attitudes towards financial incentives. Financial incentives were acceptable, and findings were used to inform the design of the ‘Financial INcentives to improve Asthma’ (FINA) study. Project 3 implemented the FINA study, a mixed-methods pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) of financial incentives to improve CYP adherence to maintenance treatment. After the intervention, median adherence was higher for intervention CYP (73.0%, range: 23.0%-89.0%) compared to control (56.0%, range: 7.0%-87.0%), but this did not reach significance (p=0.077). Logistical challenges were encountered, and the FINA study was not considered feasible to be conducted as a definitive trial using the current design. CYP focus groups, and parental interviews, showed concerns around financial incentive use but acceptability was more likely if their purpose is fully explained. This PhD provides unique and important insights into the use of financial incentives in CYP with asthma. Acknowledging the small sample size, financial incentives were not effective for sustained adherence and experiences of financial incentives largely differed. Future research is needed to explore interactions between financial incentives and individual characteristics.
Arqueologia com e pelas Pessoas no Presente: Escutas como Meio de Transformação da Área e de Nós
Creators: name: Da Silva, Maurício André
name: Nordeste 2020, SAB
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Twentieth century
subject: Twenty-first century
subject: Brazil
subject: Archaeology

description: Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio 6 da VI Reunião da SAB Nordeste 2020
Table 1. Genome quality and metadata (Full version)
Creators: name: Hetland, Marit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310704
subject: Microbial genetics
classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified

description: This file contains Table 1: Genome quality and metadata (Full version) for the article:Hetland MAK, Winkler MA, Kaspersen HP, et al. Complete genomes of 568 diverse Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex isolates from humans, animals and marine sources in Norway from 2001-2020. Microbiology Resource Announcements, 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.00931-24.
The genomes have been deposited under the umbrella BioProject: PRJEB74192. Sequencing details, metadata, and accession numbers for the hybrid assemblies, Illumina and ONT reads are listed in Table 1.
This study was supported by grants from the Western Norway Regional Health Authority (F-12508 to MAKH) and by the Trond Mohn Foundation (TMF2019TMT03).
Authors: Marit A K Hetland, Mia A Winkler, Håkon P Kaspersen, Fredrik Håkonsholm, Ragna-Johanne Bakksjø, Eva Bernhoff, Jose F. Delgado-Blas, Sylvain Brisse, Annapaula Correia, Aasmund Fostervold, Margaret M C Lam, Bjørn-Tore Lunestad, Nachiket P Marathe, Niclas Raffelsberger, Ørjan Samuelsen, Marianne Sunde, Arnfinn Sundsfjord, Anne Margrete Urdahl, Ryan R Wick, Kathryn E Holt, Iren H Löhr.
Synthesis and Spectroscopic Study of Bivalent Metal Complexes with 4-hydroxy-6- methyl-3-((Z)-4-methylphenylazo)-2H-pyran-2-one  ligand
Creators: name: Al-Jibouri, Mahmoud Najim
name: Musa, Taghreed Mohyaldeen
name: Omar Ali, AL-Ameen Bariz
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2014

description: Six chelate complexes of 4-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-((Z)-4-methylphenylazo)-2H-pyran-2-one (HL) ligand with  Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements, electronic, 1H, 13C NMR and IR spectral studies. The ligand is coordinated through its deprotonated pyrane-oxygen and through the azo-group to the metals.  Mn(II), Co(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes have octahedral geometry around the central atoms. The molar conductance measurements on chloride-ion containing Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes confirmed that chloride ions are bound in the coordination sphere, and the most probably geometry around the central atoms is expected to be tetrahedral.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 3, No 5 (2014): European Chemical Bulletin
BepiColombo ancora in volo a spinta ridotta
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Per un rapido aggiornamento sulle condizioni della sonda diretta verso Mercurio abbiamo raggiunto Elsa Montagnon, capo della Mission Operations Division dell’Esa. «Il problema è che il Mercury Transfer Module non è in grado di fornire energia sufficiente al sottosistema di propulsione elettrica», dice. «Abbiamo verificato che c’è margine per un’ulteriore piccola riduzione del livello di spinta, che sarebbe comunque compatibile con l’incontro con Mercurio di settembre»
Properties of Water/n-Propanol/Ionic Surfactant/Phenylacetylene Micellar Systems
Creators: name: Fanun, Monzer
name: Shakarnah, Ahmad
name: Schwarze, Michael
name: Schomäcker, Reinhard
name: Nairoukh, Zackaria
name: Blum, Jochanan
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2014

description: Water/n-propanol/ionic surfactant /phenylacetylene micellar systems were formulated. The surfactants were the anionic, sodium dodecyl sulfate and the cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.  The ratio (w/w) of n-propanol/surfactant equals 2/1. The extent of the micellar region as function of temperature was determined. The particle hydrodynamic diameter of the oil-in-water micellar systems measured using dynamic light scattering and was found to decrease with temperature. In the diluted region, nanoemulsions systems were observed. Hydration of alkynes found to be highly influenced from the ionic nature of the surfactant. Cationic surfactants accelerate the addition of water to alkynes while anionic surfactants decease the reaction rate.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 3, No 5 (2014): European Chemical Bulletin
Controlling all‐optical helicity‐dependent switching in engineered rare‐earth free synthetic ferrimagnets
Creators: name: Liao, Jung-Wei
name: Atxitia, Unai
name: Vallobra, Pierre
name: O'Brien, Liam
name: Raposo, Victor
name: Petit, Dorothée
name: Vemulkar, Tarun
name: Malinowski, Gregory
name: Hehn, Michel
name: Martínez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: all‐optical switching
subject: ferromagnets
subject: synthetic ferrimagnets
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: All‐optical helicity‐dependent switching in ferromagnetic layers has revealed an unprecedented route to manipulate magnetic configurations by circularly polarized femtosecond laser pulses. In this work, rare‐earth free synthetic ferrimagnetic heterostructures made from two antiferromagnetically exchange coupled ferromagnetic layers are studied. Experimental results, supported by numerical simulations, show that the designed structures enable all‐optical switching which is controlled, not only by light helicity, but also by the relative Curie temperature of each ferromagnetic layer. Indeed, through the antiferromagnetic exchange coupling, the layer with the larger Curie temperature determines the final orientation of the other layer and so the synthetic ferrimagnet. For similar Curie temperatures, helicity‐independent back switching is observed and the final magnetic configuration is solely determined by the initial magnetic state. This demonstration of electrically‐detected, optical control of engineered rare‐earth free heterostructures opens a novel route toward practical opto‐spintronics.
NOVEL HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM ACETACETANILIDE TOGETHER WITH THEIR ANTITUMOR EVALUATIONS
Creators: name: El-Sharkawy, Karam A.
name: Samir, Eman M.
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2014

description: The reaction of acetoacetanilide (1) with cyclohexanone (2) gave compound 3 which it was reacted with the active methylene reagents 4a, b afforded  cyclohexylidene derivatives 5a, b. The latter products reacted with elemental sulfur in presence of basic catalyst to produce thiophene derivatives 6a, b. Also compound 1 reacted with diazonium salts 7a, b then compounds 8a, b were produced respectively, compounds 8a, b were directed toward the reaction with malononitrile (4a), ethyl cyanoacetate (4b) in either ammonium acetate or piperdine to form compounds 9a-d and 10a-d respectively, also compounds 8a, b reacted with either phenylisothiocanate (11) afforded compounds 13a, b or hydrazine derivatives 14a, b to produce compounds 15a-d. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for antitumor activity.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 3, No 5 (2014): European Chemical Bulletin
Consegnata la fotocamera più grande del mondo
Creators: Chiara Badia
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Dotata di un sensore da 3200 megapixel e grande quanto un’automobile, quella di Lsst è la più grande fotocamera per l’astrofisica mai costruita. Dopo vent’anni di lavoro, la scorsa settimana ha finalmente completato il lungo viaggio dallo Slac National Accelerator Laboratory, in California, all’Osservatorio Vera C. Rubin, in Cile. Contribuirà a svelare i misteri dell’universo fotografando, ininterrottamente per 10 anni, l’intero cielo australe
Da Galileo a Jwst, venerdì sera a Pisa
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Una conferenza aperta a tutti per parlare dei confini dell’universo, dove si trovano le galassie più lontane, le prime nate dopo il Big Bang. Quelle che ha potuto vedere solo il telescopio spaziale James Webb. Con Sirio Belli, astronomo dell’Università di Bologna, venerdì 31 maggio, ore 20.45, alla Gipsoteca dell’Università di Pisa
Il CodyTrip nei luoghi dell’astrofisica bolognese
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Martedì 28 maggio il CodyTrip sbarca a Bologna, nei luoghi dell’astrofisica. L’ormai ben nota “gita scolastica” online guidata da Alessandro Bogliolo dell’Università di Urbino porterà migliaia di partecipanti alla stazione radioastronomica di Medicina e al Parco astronomico di Loiano, due strutture dell’Inaf nel territorio bolognese. Le iscrizioni sono gratuite e aperte a tutti, con particolare riferimento alle scuole
Arqueologia com e pelas Pessoas no Presente: Escutas como Meio de Transformação da Área e de Nós
Creators: name: Da Silva, Maurício André
name: Da Silva, Maurício André
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Archaeology
subject: Brazil
subject: Twentieth century
subject: Twenty-first century

description: Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio 6 da VI Reunião da SAB Nordeste 2020
CRYSTAL STRUCTURES AND STABILITY OF HYDRATES AND DEUTERIOHYDRATES OF QUINOLINE N-OXIDES
Creators: name: Andreev, Vladimir P.
name: Zaitsev, Dmitry O.
name: Velikodny, Yurii A.
name: Chernyshev, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: European Chemical Bulletin
Year: 2014

description: The protiated (H2O) and deuteriated (D2O) crystallohydrates of quinoline, 2- methylquinoline and 4-methylquinoline N-oxides demonstrate different behavior at ambient conditions, namely, the deuteriated dihydrates undergo solid state transformation into crystalline anhydrous or hemihydrate forms, while protiated dihydrates loss 3D periodicity. In attempts to explain this phenomenon, the crystal structures of the six compounds – namely, quinoline N-oxide and quinoline N-oxide dihydrate, 2-methylquinoline N-oxide hemideuteriohydrate and 4-methylquinoline N-oxide dihydrate, 4-methylquinoline N-oxide and 4-methylquinoline N-oxide dihydrate – were analyzed.
description: European Chemical Bulletin, Vol 3, No 5 (2014): European Chemical Bulletin
Psyche accende i suoi propulsori elettrici allo xenon
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

La sonda Psyche ha acceso i propulsori a ioni per accelerare e dirigersi verso Marte per la prossima manovra di assistenza gravitazionale, nel 2026. L’obiettivo finale è l’omonimo asteroide – 16 Psyche, fra le orbite di Giove e Marte – che la sonda Nasa raggiungerà nel 2029
Morire con discrezione: da stella a buco nero
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Gli astrofisici dell’Università di Copenaghen stanno contribuendo a spiegare un misterioso fenomeno per cui alcune stelle scompaiono improvvisamente dal cielo notturno. Lo studio di un insolito sistema stellare binario ha dimostrato in modo convincente che le stelle massicce possono collassare completamente e diventare buchi neri senza l'esplosione di una supernova. L’articolo su Physical Review Letters
Arqueologia na Terra Indígena Tupinambá de Belmonte, BA: A Urna Funerária do Sítio Aldeia Patiburi
Creators: name: Garcia, Lorena
name: Garcia, Lorena
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Archaeology
subject: Brazil
subject: Twentieth century
subject: Twenty-first century

description: Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio 6 da VI Reunião da SAB Nordeste 2020
Bolide nell’Atlantico, forse di natura cometaria
Creators: Albino Carbognani
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

Il 18 maggio 2024 alle 22:47 Utc un brillante fireball è stato visto e ripreso da centinaia di persone fra Spagna e Portogallo. Con i dati di origine militare resi pubblici del Cneos della Nasa è possibile fare una stima dell’orbita per ottenere informazioni sull’origine del meteoroide, il cui radiante si colloca fra le costellazioni dello Scorpione e del Serpente. Ecco che cosa abbiamo trovato
L’Asse sistino al tempo del lunistizio
Creators: Redazione Media Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2024

L’Asse sistino, voluto da Papa Sisto V per collegare le principali basiliche – tra cui Santa Maria Maggiore, dove è sepolto – e consentire un comodo pellegrinaggio tra le strade dell’Urbe, è uno dei più famosi rettilinei di Roma. Un nuovo assetto urbano nel quale è possibile che la Luna abbia giocato un ruolo da protagonista