cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multidimensional trade-offs in species responses to disturbance: implications for diversity in a subtropical forest
Creators: name: Uriarte, Maria
name: Clark, James S.
name: Zimmerman, Jess K.
name: Comita, Liza S.
name: Forero-Montaña, Jimena
name: Thompson, Jill
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Botany

description: Species employ diverse strategies to cope with natural disturbance, but the importance of these strategies for maintaining tree species diversity in forests has been debated. Mechanisms that have the potential to promote tree species coexistence in the context of repeated disturbance include life history trade-offs in colonization and competitive ability or in species' ability to survive at low resource conditions and exploit the temporary resource-rich conditions often generated in the wake of disturbance (successional niche). Quantifying these trade-offs requires long-term forest monitoring and modeling.

We developed a hierarchical Bayes model to investigate the strategies tree species employ to withstand and recover from hurricane disturbance and the life history trade-offs that may facilitate species coexistence in forests subject to repeated hurricane disturbance. Unlike previous approaches, our model accommodates temporal variation in process error and observations from multiple sources. We parameterized the model using growth and mortality data from four censuses of a 16-ha plot taken every five years (1990–2005), together with damage data collected after two hurricanes and annual seed production data (1992–2005).

Species' susceptibilities to hurricane damage as reflected by changes in diameter growth and fecundity immediately following a storm were weak, highly variable, and unpredictable using traditional life history groupings. The lower crowding conditions (e.g., high light) generated in the wake of storms, however, led to greater gains in growth and fecundity for pioneer and secondary-forest species than for shade-tolerant species, in accordance with expectation of life history. We found moderate trade-offs between survival in high crowding conditions, a metric of competitive ability, and long-distance colonization. We also uncovered a strong trade-off between mean species fecundity in low crowding conditions, a metric of recovery potential, and competitive ability. Trade-offs in competitive and colonization ability, in addition to successional niche processes, are likely to contribute to species persistence in these hurricane-impacted forests. The strategies species employ to cope with hurricane damage depend on the degree to which species rely on sprouting, repair of adult damage, changes in demographic rates in response to enhanced resource availability after storms, or long-distance dispersal as recovery mechanisms.
FALOWANIE-TRESOWANIE, FALOWANIE-TRESOWANIE, RUCH PANDEMICZNY, STAWIANIE PRZY ŚCIANIE, RAZ-DWA, RAZ-DWA ... FALA TRWA
Creators: name: Rafał Pązik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: SARS-cov2, lockdown, Covid-19, wzrost wykładniczy, manipulacje danymi, pandemia 2020

description: Czy 'covidowy' lockdown działa? Czym są kłamstwa wzrostu wykładniczego? Do jakiego stopnia wierzyć w 'covidowe' dane statystyczne? Aktualna wersja- v6
Parallel spinors on Lorentzian Weyl spaces
Creators: name: Dikarev, Andrei
name: Galaev, Anton S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holonomy algebras of Lorentzian Weyl spin manifolds with weighted parallel spinors are found. For Lorentzian Weyl manifolds admitting recurrent null vector fields are introduced special local coordinates similar to Kundt and Walker ones. Using that, the local form of all Lorentzian Weyl spin manifolds with weighted parallel spinors is given. The Einstein-Weyl equation for the obtained Weyl structures is analyzed and examples of Einstein-Weyl spaces with weighted parallel spinors are given.
description: The final version to appear in Monatshefte f\"ur Mathematik
Transformed Composite Sequences for Improved Qubit Addressing
Creators: name: Merrill, J. True
name: Doret, S. Charles
name: Vittorini, Grahame D.
name: Addision, J. P.
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selective laser addressing of a single atom or atomic ion qubit can be improved using narrowband composite pulse sequences. We describe a Lie-algebraic technique to generalize known narrowband sequences and introduce new sequences related by dilation and rotation of sequence generators. Our method improves known narrowband sequences by decreasing both the pulse time and the residual error. Finally, we experimentally demonstrate these composite sequences using $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ions trapped in a surface-electrode ion trap.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Disaster-Related Environmental Health Hazards: Former Lead Smelting Plants in the United States
Creators: name: Wang, Yao
name: Kanter, Robert K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Public health
Natural disasters
Hazardous substances--Environmental aspects
Emergency management
Lead smelting

description: Natural disasters exacerbate risks of hazardous environmental exposures and adverse health consequences. The present study determined the proportion of previously identified lead industrial sites in urban locations that are at high risk for dispersal of toxic chemicals by natural disasters.
Geographic analysis from publicly available data identified former lead smelting plants that coincide with populated urban areas and with high-risk locations for natural disasters.
From a total of 229 urban smelting sites, 66 (29%) were in relatively high-risk areas for natural disasters: flood (39), earthquake (29), tornado (3), and hurricane (2). States with urban sites at relatively high risk for natural disaster included California (15); Pennsylvania (14); New York (7); Missouri (6); Illinois (5); New Jersey (4); Kentucky (3); Florida, Oregon, and Ohio (2 each); and Indiana, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah, and Washington (1 each). Incomplete historical records showed at least 10 smelting site locations were affected by natural disaster.
Forgotten environmental hazards may remain hazardous in any community. Uncertainty about risks in disasters causes disruptive public anxiety that increases difficulties in community responses and recovery. Our professional and public responsibility is to seek a better understanding of the risks of latent environmental hazards.
Elucidating the role of mycobacterial Resuscitation-promoting factors in stress response and metal acquisition
Creators: name: Nur, Mariam Mohamed
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. TB remains a global health threat. It has been estimated that one-fourth of the world’s population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The bacteria’s ability to enter a dormant state makes it an exceptionally successful human pathogen, and results in latent infection. Resuscitation-promoting factors (Rpfs) are cell wall cleaving enzymes that have been postulated to reactivate dormant bacteria via peptidoglycan remodelling; however, the precise molecular mechanism of resuscitation remains unknown. This project was focused on investigation of the roles of Rpfs in Mycobacterium marinum during growth in normal and stressful conditions. While all Rpfs were dispensable for growth of M. marinum in optimal conditions, rpfA had a specific role in the osmotic stress response and showed impaired growth in media containg 550mM NaCl, with a pronounced growth defect on 7H10 agar. Moreover, the mutant had impaired survival in 2 M NaCl. A series of ΔrpfA strains complemented with M. tuberculosis rpfA were generated to investigate the role of the ydaO riboswitch in osmotic tolerance of M. marinum. The M. marinum mutant with the mutated ydaO riboswitch which could not bind the ligand (cyclic di-AMP) had a profound growth defect on 7H10 agar and impaired survival in 2 M NaCl. RpfA was detected in culture supernatant of M. marinum using western blot and mass-spectrometry approaches. Several double and one triple rpf deletion mutants were generated and their growth was investigated. Finding of this project suggest that a double rpfAB deletion mutant had a growth defect in Sauton’s medium which was ameliorated by addition of haemin and ZnSO4. Genetic complementation of this growth defect was achieved with either rpfA (from M. tuberculosis or M. marinum) or rpfB from M. marinum, suggesting functional redundancy. Generation of M. marinum ΔrpfAEB was only possible when selection of mutant was done in media supplemented with haemin and ZnSO4 . The mutant showed delayed colony formation on agar, impaired growth in Sauton’s medium and the inability to reach high optical densities compared to wild type M. marinum. We were able to both genetically and metabolically complement the growth defect of ΔrpfAEB using rpfB, haemin, ZnSO4 and culture supernatant. The need for both haemin and ZnSO4 for generation and complementation of the triple mutant suggests a possible role for Rpfs in metal acquisition. Thus, findings within this project confirmed the distinct roles of M. marinum Rpfs in osmotic tolerance and growth in suboptimal conditions.
THE SPACE-TIME JOURNEY OF SCIENCE AND ORTHODOX CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY
Creators: name: Papamanos, Helen
Publisher: name: Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών
Year: 2023

description: This short research was done in the context of the participation of this paper's author in the Religion's Lab of the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, as well as of her personal search for the conception of the space-time continuum in science and whether Orthodox Christianity embraces the scientific views or if the Patristic Theology 'has spoken' for this issue.There have been several and different studies on the issue of space-time from a scientific and religious point of view, but one thing is certain: every research project is important so that man can overcome his senses and know the Truth, for which he was created. This research will primarily analyze the scientific knowledge that exists about space and time, as well as the official view/knowledge expressed by Orthodox Christianity about spacetime that influences human existence and of course is explicitly linked to God existence.
description: Theophany, Vol 5 (2023)
On the Bernstein-von Mises theorem for the Dirichlet process
Creators: name: Ray, Kolyan
name: van der Vaart, Aad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G20 (Primary), 62G15, 60F17 (Secondary)

description: We establish that Laplace transforms of the posterior Dirichlet process converge to those of the limiting Brownian bridge process in a neighbourhood about zero, uniformly over Glivenko-Cantelli function classes. For real-valued random variables and functions of bounded variation, we strengthen this result to hold for all real numbers. This last result is proved via an explicit strong approximation coupling inequality.
Parts, Wholes, and Part-Whole Relations: The Prospects of Mereotopology
Creators: name: Varzi, Achille C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Logic

description: This is a brief overview of formal theories concerned with the study of the notions of (and the relations between) parts and wholes. The guiding idea is that we can distinguish between a theory of parthood (mereology) and a theory of wholeness (holology, which is essentially afforded by topology), and the main question examined is how these two theories can be combined to obtain a unified theory of parts and wholes. We examine various non-equivalent ways of pursuing this task, mainly with reference to its relevance to spatio-temporal reasoning. In particular, three main strategies are compared: (i) mereology and topology as two independent (though mutually related) theories; (ii) mereology as a general theory subsuming topology; (iii) topology as a general theory subsuming mereology. This is done in Sections 4 through 6. We also consider some more speculative strategies and directions for further research. First, however, we begin with some preliminary outline of mereology (Section 2) and of its natural bond with topology (Section 3).
Acceptance Rates in Physical Review Letters: No Seasonal Bias
Creators: name: Antonoyiannakis, Manolis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Are editorial decisions biased? A recent discussion in Learned Publishing has focused on one aspect of potential bias in editorial decisions, namely seasonal (e.g., monthly) variations in acceptance rates of research journals. In this letter, we contribute to the discussion by analyzing data from Physical Review Letters (PRL), a journal published by the American Physical Society. We studied the 190,106 papers submitted to PRL from January 1990 until September 2012. No statistically significant variations were found in the monthly acceptance rates. We conclude that the time of year that the authors of a paper submit their work to PRL has no effect on the fate of the paper through the review process.
description: Scheduled to appear in Learned Publishing
Strong traces to degenerate parabolic equations
Creators: name: Erceg, Marko
name: Mitrović, Darko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 35K65, 35D99, Secondary 42B37, 76S99

description: We prove existence of strong traces at $t=0$ for quasi-solutions to (multidimensional) degenerate parabolic equations with no non-degeneracy conditions. In order to solve the problem, we combine the blow up method and a strong precompactness result for quasi-solutions to degenerate parabolic equations with the induction argument with respect to the space dimension.
Understanding inelastically scattered neutrons from water on a time-of-flight small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) instrument
Creators: name: Do, Changwoo
name: Heller, William T.
name: Stanley, Christopher
name: Gallmeier, Franz X.
name: Doucet, Mathieu
name: Smith, Gregory S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is generally assumed by most of the small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) user community that a neutrons energy is unchanged during SANS measurements. Here, the scattering from water, specifically light water, was measured on the EQ-SANS instrument, a time-of-flight SANS instrument located at the Spallation Neutron Source of Oak Ridge National Laboratory. A significant inelastic process was observed in the TOF spectra of neutrons scattered from water. Analysis of the TOF spectra from the sample showed that the scattered neutrons have energies consistent with room-temperature thermal energies (~20 meV) regardless of the incident neutron energy. With the aid of Monte Carlo particle transport simulations, we conclude that the thermalization process within the sample results in faster neutrons that arrive at the detector earlier than expected based on the incident neutron energies. This thermalization process impacts the measured SANS intensities in a manner that will ultimately be sample- and temperature-dependent, necessitating careful processing of the raw data into the SANS cross-section.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, spallation neutron source
title: Ein Christenlich lied, von der gfärligkeyt diser welt; [ca. 1540]
title: Jm thon, als man von der schlacht vor Pauia singt
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Witzstat, Hans
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Bibliogr. Nachweis: VD 16 W 4081
Effects of forest fragmentation on the seedling recruitment of a tropical herb: assessing seed vs. safe-site limitation
Creators: name: Uriarte, Maria
name: Bruna, Emilio M.
name: Rubim, Paulo
name: Anciães, Marina
name: Jonckheere, Inge
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Botany

description: Studies simultaneously evaluating the importance of safe-site and seed limitation for plant establishment are rare, particularly in human-modified landscapes. We used spatially explicit neighborhood models together with data from 10 0.5-ha mapped census plots in a fragmented landscape spanning 1000 km2 to (1) evaluate the relative importance of seed production, dispersal, and safe-site limitation for the recruitment of the understory herb Heliconia acuminata; and (2) determine how these processes differ between fragments and continuous forests. Our analyses demonstrated a large degree of variation in seed production, dispersal, and establishment among and within the 10 study plots. Seed production limitation was strong but only at small spatial scales. Average dispersal distance was less than 4 m, leading to severe dispersal limitation at most sites. Overall, safe-site limitation was the most important constraint on seedling establishment. Fragmentation led to a more heterogeneous light environment with negative consequences for seedling establishment but had little effect on seed production or dispersal. These results suggest that the effects of fragmentation on abiotic processes may be more important than the disruption of biotic interactions in driving biodiversity loss in tropical forests, at least for some functional groups. These effects may be common when the matrix surrounding fragments contains enough tree cover to enable movement of dispersers and pollinators.
A photometric search for active Main Belt asteroids
Creators: name: Cikota, S.
name: Ortiz, J. L.
name: Cikota, A.
name: Morales, N.
name: Tancredi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that some Main Belt asteroids show comet-like features. A representative example is the first known Main Belt comet 133P/(7968) Elst-Pizarro. If the mechanisms causing this activity are too weak to develop visually evident comae or tails, the objects stay unnoticed. We are presenting a novel way to search for active asteroids, based on looking for objects with deviations from their expected brightnesses in a database. Just by using the MPCAT-OBS Observation Archive we have found five new candidate objects that possibly show a type of comet-like activity, and the already known Main Belt comet 133P/(7968) Elst-Pizarro. Four of the new candidates, (315) Constantia, (1026) Ingrid, (3646) Aduatiques, and (24684) 1990 EU4, show brightness deviations independent of the object's heliocentric distance, while (35101) 1991 PL16 shows deviations dependent on its heliocentric distance, which could be an indication of a thermal triggered mechanism. The method could be implemented in future sky survey programmes to detect outbursts on Main Belt objects almost simultaneously with their occurrence.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A on December 20, 2013
Self-Guided Multiple Instance Learning for Weakly Supervised Disease Classification and Localization in Chest Radiographs
Creators: name: Seibold, Constantin
name: Kleesiek, Jens
name: Schlemmer, Heinz-Peter
name: Stiefelhagen, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.4.0

description: The lack of fine-grained annotations hinders the deployment of automated diagnosis systems, which require human-interpretable justification for their decision process. In this paper, we address the problem of weakly supervised identification and localization of abnormalities in chest radiographs. To that end, we introduce a novel loss function for training convolutional neural networks increasing the \emph{localization confidence} and assisting the overall \emph{disease identification}. The loss leverages both image- and patch-level predictions to generate auxiliary supervision. Rather than forming strictly binary from the predictions as done in previous loss formulations, we create targets in a more customized manner, which allows the loss to account for possible misclassification. We show that the supervision provided within the proposed learning scheme leads to better performance and more precise predictions on prevalent datasets for multiple-instance learning as well as on the NIH~ChestX-Ray14 benchmark for disease recognition than previously used losses.
The White Dwarfs within 25 Parsecs of the Sun: Kinematics and Spectroscopic Subtypes
Creators: name: Sion, E. M.
name: Holberg, J. B.
name: Oswalt, T. D.
name: McCook, G. P.
name: Wasatonic, R.
name: Myszka, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the fractional distribution of spectroscopic subtypes, range and distribution of surface temperatures, and kinematical properties of the white dwarfs within 25pc of the sun. There is no convincing evidence of halo white dwarfs in the total 25 pc sample of 224 white dwarfs. There is also little to suggest the presence of genuine thick disk subcomponent members within 25 parsecs. It appears that the entire 25 pc sample likely belong to the thin disk. We also find no significant kinematic differences with respect to spectroscopic subtypes. The total DA to non-DA ratio of the 25 pc sample is 1.8, a manifestation of deepening envelope convection which transforms DA stars with sufficiently thin H surface layers into non-DAs. We compare this ratio with the results of other studies. We find that at least 11% of the white dwarfs within 25 parsecs of the sun (the DAZ and DZ stars) have photospheric metals that likely originate from accretion of circumstellar material (debris disks) around them. If this interpretation is correct, then it suggests the possibility that a similar percentage have planets, asteroid-like bodies or debris disks orbiting them. Our volume-limited sample reveals a pileup of DC white dwarfs at the well-known cutoff in DQ white dwarfs at Tef about 6000K. Mindful of small number statistics, we speculate on its possible evolutionary significance. We find that the incidence of magnetic white dwarfs in the 25 pc sample is at least 8%, in our volume-limited sample, dominated by cool white dwarfs. We derive approximate formation rates of DB and DQ degenerates and present a preliminary test of the evolutionary scenario that all cooling DB stars become DQ white dwarfs via helium convective dredge-up with the diffusion tail of carbon extending upward from their cores.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
The Impact of Participatory Budgeting on Health and Well-Being: A Qualitative Case Study of a Deprived Community in London
Creators: name: Dan-Ogosi, Ifeoma
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023

description: Background Participatory budgeting (PB) is a democratic innovation that enables residents to participate directly and collectively decide how to spend public money in their community. Research demonstrates PB improves social well-being through governance, citizens’ participation, empowerment, and improved democracy. Since 2000, PB has increasingly been used in the UK in community development approaches for improving health and well-being outcomes for people living in deprived communities. Yet little is known about how and why PB may impact health and well-being in deprived communities of the UK. This PhD study sought to explore and explain how the application of PB in the Well London programme impacted the health and well-being of people living in a deprived community in London. Methods The study employed a qualitative case study design adopting the constructivist grounded theory (CGT) methodology of Charmaz (2006) to explore critical themes from interviews with stakeholders of the Well London programme in Haringey Borough. Forty-one stakeholders engaged in planning, co-designing, co-commissioning and co-delivering, or benefitted from three interventions commissioned through PB participated in this study between March 2017 and April 2018. Results A cross-case analysis revealed six pathways through which PB improved health, particularly for the underserved. PB maximised participation and meaningful engagement; enhanced direct demand and response to the community’s needs; individual and collective ownership; action on the social determinants of health; and creative partnership working. These pathways were moderated by the democratic and flexible approach of the PB ethos, particularly the inclusion of residents’ voices in the planning and delivery of the interventions. Residents were motivated to act as agents to change their lives by building positive relationships based on social inclusion and integration. As a result, residents’ self-esteem, sense of belonging, self-confidence, self-worth, and individual sense of belonging and community spirit increased. Residents gained a new zeal and agency to tackle the social determinants of health as they understood them in their lives. Conclusion When done correctly, PB can promote health and well-being and build more robust and resilient communities through community-centred democratic decision-making. Interventions should aim to increase critical consciousness, health literacy, and the capacity in deprived communities to tackle life-course issues that prevent residents from enjoying good health and reduce structural barriers to accessing services or interventions to improve health and reduce inequalities. The outcomes of this study have policy and practice implications for strengthening the design, commissioning, and delivery of health interventions in deprived communities of high-income countries.
Estrategias discursivas de exclusión hacia la población migrante en los foros televisivos: estudio comparativo de dos casos
Creators: name: Rojas, Diego Noel Ramos
Publisher: name: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives
Year: 2019

description: This work shows how some statements that claim validity and orientation to understanding are also discursive strategies used to represent, through video analysis forums, migrants who travel to the United States as a dangerous group that must be controlled. The theoretical perspective is the critical analysis of discourse and a methodology was used based on the classification of speech acts of Austin and Habermas and the model of the types of representations of social actors of Leeuwen. The results show that migrants are represented as depersonalized subjects, excluded, without the right to participate in decision making and inserted in a process of otherness.
description: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives, Vol. 4 No. 8 (2019)
A Theoretical Model for Measuring and Sensor Characterization in Optical Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Krause, Julius
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020

description: The optical and digital resolution, aswell as the signal-to-noise ratio are important characteristics of optical spectrometers and available in data sheets. But how can an optical spectrometer system be selected for a specific application? The article shall serve as an aid to characterize optical spectrometers and hyperspectral cameras by introducing a benchmark calculation which indicates the measurement uncertainty of absorption bands.
Homogeneous Fourier and Weyl multipliers on Sobolev spaces related to the Heisenberg group
Creators: name: Basak, Riju
name: Garg, Rahul
name: Thangavelu, Sundaram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A22, 42B15, 42B35, 46E36, 43A80

description: Inspired by the work of A. Bonami and S. Poornima that a non-constant function which is homogeneous of degree $0$ cannot be a Fourier multiplier on homogeneous Sobolev spaces, we establish analogous results for Fourier multipliers on the Heisenberg group $ \mathbb{H}^n $ and Weyl multipliers on $ \mathbb{C}^n $ acting on Sobolev Spaces.
A Model of Simultaneous Evolution of Competitive Ability and Herbivore Resistance in a Perennial Plant
Creators: name: Uriarte, Maria
name: Canham, Charles D.
name: Root, Richard B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Botany

description: Plant populations often experience the joint effects of intraspecific competition and herbivory, yet the impact of the interaction of these two factors on the outcome of evolution is largely unknown. Here, we develop a spatially explicit simulation model to examine interactions between the evolution of herbivore resistance and competitive ability in the goldenrod Solidago altissima. We define competitive ability as either competitive effect, the ability of a plant to deplete resources and make them unavailable to competitors, or competitive response, the ability to grow, survive, and reproduce despite depletion of resources by neighboring competitors. We considered symmetric and asymmetric modes of competition and explored the following questions: (1) Does the selective effect of competition differ for the two components of competitive ability? (2) What are the effects of the evolution of competitive ability and resistance on each other? (3) Can trade-offs between competitive ability and resistance emerge, given no relationship between these two traits prior to selection? Our results showed that competitive response evolved quickly regardless of the mode of competition, but self-suppression hindered the evolution of competitive effect. The evolution of resistance appeared to be independent of the evolution of competitive ability. Intraspecific competition was the major selective force in our model. At natural levels of herbivory, selection for resistance played a secondary role in structuring the population. Resistant genotypes were only favored at very low resistance costs. At high cost levels, the costs of maintaining resistance far outweighed the benefits. The selective forces of competition and herbivory resulted in trade-offs between competitive response and herbivore resistance, but only at low costs of resistance. Vigorous growth associated with a high competitive response might translate into trade-offs between herbivore tolerance and resistance. The strong selective effects of competitors, coupled with the weaker selection from herbivores, suggest that plant traits directly associated with growth that confer tolerance to both competitors and consumers may be the targets of selection.
A Chiellini type integrability condition for the generalized first kind Abel differential equation
Creators: name: Harko, Tiberiu
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
name: Mak, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chiellini integrability condition of the first order first kind Abel equation $dy/dx=f(x)y^2+g(x)y^3$ is extended to the case of the general Abel equation of the form $dy/dx=a(x)+b(x)y+f(x)y^{α-1}+g(x)y^α$, where $α\in \Re$, and $α> 1$. In the case $α=2$ the generalized Abel equations reduces to a Riccati type equation, for which a Chiellini type integrability condition is obtained.
description: 4 pages, no figures
La Rumba Ritmo de Resistencia Cultural
Creators: name: Robinson Echevarría, Vicente
Publisher: name: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives
Year: 2020

description: The following study is aimed at exposing the importance of the Rumba Complex, which emerged in Cuba in the 19th century, not only for Cuban culture but also as a rhythm of resistance of the popular sectors of the country mainly of the descendants of Africans, who through the rumba they assumed positions of defense of their identity, their sense of belonging as popular and more oppressed sectors, their Cuban, the characteristics of this complex of Cuban music formed by several genres, its origin, the way of dancing are treated, the instruments that are used emphasizing the guaguancó as a genre best known throughout the country and more practiced, the most recognized artistic figures that contributed to the promotion of rumba at national and international level and the different spaces such as the Cinema, television, theater. The paper refers to the relationship between the port-city and the migration of Hispanics and Africans brought as slaves to the Island and that in a cultural exchange their descendants created one of the most prominent rhythms in the Cuban musical stave , but that contributed to the identity of the Cuban people and to develop links between the practicing sectors belonging to the dispossessed classes, the profane nature of the rhythm is also related. For the study we used a bibliography of different authors featured in the studies of the Musical Complex of the Rumba different.
description: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives, Vol. 5 No. 9 (2020)
Bembé de Sao desde la familia Rousseaux Durruty
Creators: name: Enríquez Rodríguez, Yoel
Publisher: name: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives
Year: 2020

description: This work shows musical features developed by the family Rousseaux Durruty, at the beginning of the 1970’s several members of this family emigrated to the west Cuban town hall of Melena del Sur, coming from Guantánamo, the most easterly region of the isle. They brought with them their cultural practices unknown in the context where they arrived. The Muertería Oriental is the phenomenon of the popular religiosity that is in the eastern area of Cuba whose festive moment is called Bembé de Sao. The relocation of its traditions has promoted the internal and external trans-culturative processes. The family shows musical instruments of its elaboration, whose character is ritual. Also, they are presented various of the songs recollected during the field of work, as well as they are established analytical parallelism that develop in the main isle of the Caribbean islands.
description: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives, Vol. 5 No. 9 (2020)
Distributed and Centralized Hybrid CSMA/CA-TDMA Schemes for Single-Hop Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Shrestha, Bharat
name: Hossain, Ekram
name: Choi, Kae Won
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The strength of carrier-sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) can be combined with that of time-division multiple access (TDMA) to enhance the channel access performance in wireless networks such as the IEEE 802.15.4-based wireless personal area networks (WPANs). In particular, the performance of legacy CSMA/CA-based medium access control (MAC) scheme in congested networks can be enhanced through a hybrid CSMA/CA-TDMA scheme while preserving the scalability property. In this paper, we present distributed and centralized channel access models which follow the transmission strategies based on Markov decision process (MDP) to access both contention period and contention-free period in an intelligent way. The models consider the buffer status as an indication of congestion provided that the offered traffic does not exceed the channel capacity. We extend the models to consider the hidden node collision problem encountered due to the signal attenuation caused by channel fading. The simulation results show that the MDP-based distributed channel access scheme outperforms the legacy slotted CSMA/CA scheme. This scheme also works efficiently in a network consisting of heterogeneous nodes. The centralized model outperforms the distributed model but requires the global information of the network.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications (TWC)
Efficient superoscillation measurement for incoherent optical imaging
Creators: name: Tsang, Mankei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I propose a superoscillation measurement method for subdiffraction incoherent optical sources, with potential applications in astronomy, remote sensing, fluorescence microscopy, and spectroscopy. The proposal, based on coherent optical processing, can capture all the light on the aperture in principle, perform better than direct imaging on statistical terms, and approach the fundamental quantum limit.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. v4: accepted by IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing
I have tests, now what?
Creators: name: Fritz, Jakob Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Testing
Continuous Integration
Gitlab
Github

description: This is Episode 3 of the special series 'HiRSE Summer of Testing' and is given by Jakob M. Fritz, titled 'I have tests, now what?'. The video accompanying these slides can be found on our YouTube channel.
title: Ain Christenlich lied, des bewainlchen tods. Caspar Taubers genant. Burger zu Wienn; [ca. 1535]
title: Ins Bruder Veitten thon Gedicht im 1525
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Druckjahr im VD16 Grundwerk fälschlich: 1528
Joao Gilberto, the beating heart of Bossa Nova
Creators: name: Campani, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives
Year: 2020

description: Joao Gilberto murió hacia un año, en el mes de julio de 2019. Para rendir homenaje a este músico de enorme talento, el artículo explora el papel de Gilberto y su contribución en la bossa nova, un movimiento cultural temporáneo, pero eterno como estilo de música. Nacido en Juazeiro, una ciudad en el estado noreste de Bahia, en donde él vivió hasta los 16 años, siempre se ha referido a la comunidad afro-brasileña, como mayor influencia en el desarrollo del sonido de su guitarra. El trasfondo de sus primeros años, se ha vuelto la inspiración de este nuevo ritmo, en donde samba y Baiao (que significa desde Bahia), y otras músicas folk-dance popular enraícidas en las tradiciones africanas. En 1958, “Chega de saudade” marcó históricamente el comienzo oficial del nuevo sonido. El artículo considera la influencia de Tom Jobim, la cual música, con las letras poéticas de Vinicius De Moraes, eran la base de la interpretación melancólica vocal de Gilberto. El término “bossa nova” significa: “nueva oleada”, “nueva cosa”, y podemos definirla como música afro-brasileña nacida en Brasil. Al final de los Cincuenta, el idioma de la música bossa nova se desarrolla afuera, puesto que varios artistas estadounidenses hacen el tour de Brasil durante esos años. Al comienzo de los años Sesenta empiezan los años dorados de la bossa nova, con la creación de la canción La garota de Ipanema, un hit mundial y todavía una de las canciones más difundida y enregistrada desde siempre. En 1964, la crisis política, los problemas económicos nacionales y el comienzo de una dictadura militar la cual duró más de dos decenios, constituían algunas de las causas exteriores que afectaron junto con otras, todo el ambiente musical Los pocos años de relativa democracia se acabaron con violencia en el mes de abril de 1964. La siguiente campaña contra los opositores de iziquierda, con la participación directa de la CIA, creó un estado de terror que no podía ser positivo para todo movimiento cultural, incluso el ámbito musical. Siguiendo el largo exilio de Joao Gilberto que duró hasta el año 1980.
description: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives, Vol. 5 No. 9 (2020)
Interactive effects of land use history and natural disturbance on seedling dynamics in a subtropical forest
Creators: name: Comita, Liza S.
name: Thompson, Jill
name: Uriarte, Maria
name: Jonckheere, Inge
name: Canham, Charles D.
name: Zimmerman, Jess K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Forest ecology
subject: Forests and forestry
subject: Land use--Environmental aspects
subject: Hurricanes

description: Human-impacted forests are increasing in extent due to widespread regrowth of secondary forests on abandoned lands. The degree and speed of recovery from human disturbance in these forests will determine their value in terms of biodiversity conservation and ecosystem function. In areas subject to periodic, severe natural disturbances, such as hurricanes, it has been hypothesized that human and natural disturbance may interact to either erase or preserve land use legacies. To increase understanding of how interactions between human and natural disturbance influence forest regeneration and recovery, we monitored seedlings in a human- and hurricane-impacted forest in northeastern Puerto Rico over a ∼10-yr period and compared seedling composition and dynamics in areas that had experienced high- and low-intensity human disturbance during the first half of the 20th century. We found that land use history significantly affected the composition and diversity of the seedling layer and altered patterns of canopy openness and seedling dynamics following hurricane disturbance. The area that had been subject to high-intensity land use supported a higher density, but lower diversity, of species. In both land use history categories, the seedling layer was dominated by the same two species, Prestoea acuminata var. montana and Guarea guidonia. However, seedlings of secondary-successional species tended to be more abundant in the high-intensity land use area, while late-successional species were more abundant in the low-intensity area, consistent with patterns of adult tree distributions. Seedlings of secondary-forest species showed greater increases in growth and survival following hurricane disturbance compared to late-successional species, providing support for the hypothesis that hurricanes help preserve the signature of land use history. However, the increased performance of secondary-forest species occurred predominantly in the low-intensity land use area, suggesting that hurricanes act to homogenize differences in species composition between areas with differing land use histories by increasing secondary-forest species regeneration in areas that experienced little direct human disturbance. Our results suggest that, through effects on seedling dynamics, hurricanes may extend the signature of land use history beyond the average recovery time of forests not subject to intense natural disturbance events.

Read More: http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/09-1350.1
EPOS LHC-R : up-to-date hadronic model for EAS simulations
Creators: name: Pierog, Tanguy
name: Werner, Klaus
Publisher: name: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Year: 2023

description: The hadron production in the simulation of extensive air showers is a long standing problem and the origin of large uncertainties in the reconstruction of the mass of the high energy primary cosmic rays. Hadronic interaction models re-tuned after early LHC data give more consistent results among each other compared to the first generation of models, but still can’t reproduce extended air shower data (EAS) consistently. Ten years after the first LHC tuned model release, much more detailed data are available both from LHC, SPS and hybrid air shower measurements allowing to understand some deficiencies in the model. Properly taken into account in the new EPOS LHC-R, it leads to a change in both 𝑋max and the muon production by air showers. A better treatment of the hadronization according to LHC data is important for the muon production while an update of cross-section and nuclear fragmentation is changing the 𝑋max distribution. The detailed changes introduced in EPOS LHC-R will be addressed and their consequences on EAS observable.
Integral points on affine quadric surfaces
Creators: name: Santens, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well-known that the Hasse principle holds for quadric hypersurfaces. The Hasse principle fails for integral points on smooth quadric hypersurfaces of dimension 2 but the failure can be completely explained by the Brauer-Manin obstruction. We investigate how often the family of quadric hypersurfaces $ax^2 + by^2 +cz^2 = n$ has a Brauer-Manin obstruction. We improve previous bounds of Mitankin.
Modeling the Optical-X-ray Accretion Lag in LMC X-3: Insights Into Black-Hole Accretion Physics
Creators: name: Steiner, James F.
name: McClintock, Jeffrey E.
name: Orosz, Jerome A.
name: Buxton, Michelle M.
name: Bailyn, Charles D.
name: Remillard, Ronald A.
name: Kara, Erin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray persistence and characteristically soft spectrum of the black hole X-ray binary LMC X-3 make this source a touchstone for penetrating studies of accretion physics. We analyze a rich, 10-year collection of optical/infrared (OIR) time-series data in conjunction with all available contemporaneous X-ray data collected by the ASM and PCA detectors aboard the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. A cross-correlation analysis reveals an X-ray lag of ~2 weeks. Motivated by this result, we develop a model that reproduces the complex OIR light curves of LMC X-3. The model is comprised of three components of emission: stellar light; accretion luminosity from the outer disk inferred from the time-lagged X-ray emission; and light from the X-ray-heated star and outer disk. Using the model, we filter a strong noise component out of the ellipsoidal light curves and derive an improved orbital period for the system. Concerning accretion physics, we find that the local viscous timescale in the disk increases with the local mass accretion rate; this in turn implies that the viscosity parameter alpha decreases with increasing luminosity. Finally, we find that X-ray heating is a strong function of X-ray luminosity below ~50% of the Eddington limit, while above this limit X-ray heating is heavily suppressed. We ascribe this behavior to the strong dependence of the flaring in the disk upon X-ray luminosity, concluding that for luminosities above ~50% of Eddington, the star lies fully in the shadow of the disk.
description: Accepted in ApJ (12 pages long in emulateapj format)