cf. Tyrannosaurus Osborn 1905
Creators: name: Dalman, Sebastian G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Tyrannosauridae
Cf. tyrannosaurus

description: FAMILY Tyrannosauridae Osborn, 1906 GENUS <i>Tyrannosaurus</i> Osborn, 1905 cf. <i>Tyrannosaurus</i> Material. YPM VP 002220(A, B), one dentary tooth and one lateral tooth without roots and YPM VP 054459(A–G), seven lateral teeth without roots. Horizon and locality. Upper Cretaceous Lance Formation, Buck Creek, 37 km north of Lusk, Wyoming, USA. Description.In this description nine teeth,specimens YPM VP 002220(A, B) and YPM VP 054459(A–G) are referred to cf. <i>Tyrannosaurus</i>. The dentary tooth YPM VP 002220(A) (Figure 9 A–C) has a crown height of 4.8 cm and is missing the root. The crown has a D-shaped cross section, a characteristic of the first dentary tooth of <i>Tyrannosaurus rex</i> (Brochu 2003; Smith 2005;N.L. Larson 2008). The labial face of the tooth is convex anteriorly, whereas the mesial and distal faces are flattened and elongated (Smith and Dodson 2003; Smith 2005). The lingual face is rounded and apically and it resembles the premaxillary teeth (Smith 2005). The basal long axis of the tooth is mesiodistally oriented the same way as it is in the known examples of <i>T. rex</i> (Smith 2005).The carinae are linguomesially and linguodistally oriented, whereas their bases are labially oriented (Carr and Williamson 2004; Smith 2005). The lateral teeth YPM VP 002220(B) and YPM VP 054459(A–G) (Figure 10 A–B) are significantly smaller when compared to teeth of an adult <i>Tyrannosaurus rex</i>. Their relatively small size suggests that these teeth belong to juveniles or subadult individuals. The teeth are laterally compressed, re-curved, serrated and have elliptical bases. In all the teeth the mesial carina has a linguomesial orientation and is situated close to the lingual face of the crown, whereas the distal carina is situated along the labiodistal edge of the crown (Currie 2003a; Smith 2005). Both carinae meet and are contiguous over the tip of the crown (Smith 2005). The labial and lingual faces of the tooth crown YPM VP 002220(B) have distinctive enamel wrinkles that are perpendicular to the apicobasal axis of the tooth crown as in some other examples of <i>Tyrannosaurus</i> teeth such as MOR 555 (Brusatte et al. 2007).
description: Published as part of <i>Dalman, Sebastian G., 2013, New Examples of Tyrannosaurus rex from the Lance Formation of Wyoming, United States, pp. 241-254 in Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 54</i> on pages 246-249, DOI: 10.3374/014.054.0202, http://zenodo.org/record/3897695
description: {"references": ["- 1906. Tyrannosaurus, Upper Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaur (second communication). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 22: 281 - 296", "OSBORN, H. F. 1905. Tyrannosaurus and other Cretaceous carnivorous dinosaurs. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 21: 259 - 265.", "BROCHU, C. A. 2003. Osteology of Tyrannosaurus rex: insights from a nearly complete skeleton and high-resolution computed tomographic analysis of the skull. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology Memoire 7, 22: 1 - 138.", "SMITH, J. B. 2005. Heterodonty in Tyrannosaurus rex: implications for the taxonomic and systematic utility of theropod dentitions. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 25 (4): 865 - 887", "LARSON, N. L. 2008. One hundred years of Tyrannosaurus rex: the skeletons. In: P. Larson and K. Carpenter, ed. Tyrannosaurus rex, the Tyrant King. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. pp. 1 - 55.", "SMITH, J. B. AND P. DODSON. 2003. A proposal for a standard terminology of anatomical notation and orientation in fossil vertebrate dentitions. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 23 (1): 1 - 12", "- 2004. Diversity of late Maastrichtian Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) fromthe western North America. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 142: 479 - 523.", "CURRIE, P. J. 2003 a. Cranial anatomy of tyrannosaurid dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Alberta, Canada. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48 (2): 191 - 226.", "BRUSATTE, S. L., R. B. J. BENSON, T. D. CARR, T. E. WILLIAMSON AND P. C. SERENO. 2007. The systematic utility of theropod enamel wrinkles. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27 (4): 1052 - 1056."]}