cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Distillation Learning Model of Adaptive Structural Deep Belief Network for AffectNet: Facial Expression Image Database
Creators: name: Ichimura, Takumi
name: Kamada, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Learning has a hierarchical network architecture to represent the complicated feature of input patterns. We have developed the adaptive structure learning method of Deep Belief Network (DBN) that can discover an optimal number of hidden neurons for given input data in a Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) by neuron generation-annihilation algorithm, and can obtain the appropriate number of hidden layers in DBN. In this paper, our model is applied to a facial expression image data set, AffectNet. The system has higher classification capability than the traditional CNN. However, our model was not able to classify some test cases correctly because human emotions contain many ambiguous features or patterns leading wrong answer by two or more annotators who have different subjective judgment for a facial image. In order to represent such cases, this paper investigated a distillation learning model of Adaptive DBN. The original trained model can be seen as a parent model and some child models are trained for some mis-classified cases. For the difference between the parent model and the child one, KL divergence is monitored and then some appropriate new neurons at the parent model are generated according to KL divergence to improve classification accuracy. In this paper, the classification accuracy was improved from 78.4% to 91.3% by the proposed method.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, 020 9th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI)
Геометрия и физика двумерных алгебр: возвращение узла
Creators: name: Басаргин, Олег Сергеевич
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В статье анализируется понятие "узла" как фундаментального элемента алгебраической и физической структуры. Исходя из концепции двумерных алгебр, предложенной Кокаревым и Павловым, и Сфиральной модели времени, вводится интерпретация узла как точки аннигиляции, смены фазы и перехода между уровнями вложенности. Утверждается, что узел — это не точка фиксации, а акт структурного перехода. Такой подход открывает путь к формированию новых моделей времени, логики и синтаксиса мышления.
Electromagnetic Fields Produced by Moving Sources in a Curved Beam Pipe
Creators: name: Goto, Shin-itiro
name: Tucker, Robin W
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new geometrical perturbation scheme is developed in order to calculate the electromagnetic fields produced by charged sources in prescribed motion moving in a non-straight perfectly conducting beam pipe. The pipe is regarded as a perturbed infinitely long hollow right-circular cylinder. The perturbation maintains the pipe's circular cross-section while deforming its axis into a planar space-curve with, in general, non-constant curvature. Various charged source models are considered including a charged bunch and an off-axis point particle. In the ultra-relativistic limit this permits a calculation of the longitudinal wake potential in terms of powers of the product of the pipe radius and the arbitrarily varying curvature of the axial space-curve. Analytic expressions to leading order are presented for beam pipes with piecewise defined constant curvature modelling pipes with straight segments linked by circular arcs of finite length. The language of differential forms is used throughout and to illustrate the power of this formalism a pedagogical introduction is developed by deriving the theory ab-initio from Maxwell's equations expressed intrinsically as a differential system on (Minkowski) spacetime.
description: 43pages, 7figures
Robust tests for equality of regression curves based on characteristic functions
Creators: name: Boente, Graciela
name: Pardo-Fernández, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: This paper focuses on the problem of testing the null hypothesis that the regression functions of several populations are equal under a general nonparametric homoscedastic regression model. It is well known that linear kernel regression estimators are sensitive to atypical responses. These distorted estimates will influence the test statistic constructed from them so the conclusions obtained when testing equality of several regression functions may also be affected. In recent years, the use of testing procedures based on empirical characteristic functions has shown good practical properties. For that reason, to provide more reliable inferences, we construct a test statistic that combines characteristic functions and residuals obtained from a robust smoother under the null hypothesis. The asymptotic distribution of the test statistic is studied under the null hypothesis and under root−n contiguous alternatives. A Monte Carlo study is performed to compare the finite sample behaviour of the proposed test with the classical one obtained using local averages. The reported numerical experiments show the advantage of the proposed methodology over the one based on Nadaraya–Watson estimators for finite samples. An illustration to a real data set is also provided and enables to investigate the sensitivity of the p−value to the bandwidth selection.
La dimension paysagère du Plan d’Aménagement de la Région Parisienne de Henri Prost, (1928-1934). Influences et dispositifs multi-scalaires
Creators: name: Hodebert, Laurent
Publisher: name: Collectif Inventer le Grand Paris
Year: 2018

description: Grand urbaniste et pionnier français de la discipline au début du XXe siècle, Henri Prost aborde la question du paysage de plusieurs manières. On peut dire qu’il a été fortement influencé par les réflexions de JCN Forestier sur le système de parc. Mais ce sont aussi certainement ses différentes expériences qui ont façonnées son approche du paysage, à partir de son séjour à la villa Médicis à Rome, suivi par son travail pour les villes nouvelles du Maroc, le plan d’aménagement de la côte varoise, et enfin celui de la région parisienne. Ainsi, à partir de nos récents travaux de recherche, nous aborderons la dimension paysagère du PARP suivant plusieurs axes de lecture : la construction d’une connaissance des sites, l’échelle du territoire, celle du sol, et enfin la dimension sublimée des paysages.
Effects of AGN feedback on LCDM galaxies
Creators: name: Lagos, Claudia del P.
name: Cora, Sofia A.
name: Padilla, Nelson D.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) feedback on the formation and evolution of galaxies in a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. This model is an improved version of the one described by Cora (2006), which now considers the growth of black holes (BHs) as driven by (i) gas accretion during merger-driven starbursts and mergers with other BHs, (ii) accretion during starbursts triggered by disc instabilities, and (iii) accretion of gas cooled from quasi-hydrostatic hot gas haloes. It is assumed that feedback from AGN operates in the later case. The model has been calibrated in order to reproduce observational correlations between BH mass and mass, velocity dispersion, and absolute magnitudes of the galaxy bulge. AGN feedback has a strong impact on reducing or even suppressing gas cooling, an effect that becomes important at lower redshifts. This phenomenon helps to reproduce the observed galaxy luminosity function (LF) in the optical and near IR bands at z=0, and the cosmic star formation rate and stellar mass functions over a wide redshift range (01, which are mostly early-type and have older and redder stellar populations than lower mass galaxies, reproducing the observed bimodality in the galaxy colour distribution, and the morphological fractions. The evolution of the optical QSO LF is also reproduced, provided that the presence of a significant fraction of obscured QSOs is assumed. We explore the effects of AGN feedback during starbursts and new recent prescriptions for dynamical friction time-scales. (ABRIDGED)
description: 18 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. High resolution figures available at: http://www.astro.puc.cl/~clagos/AGNOnLCDMGals.pdf
GASP XXXVIII: The LOFAR-MeerKAT-VLA view on the non-thermal side of a jellyfish galaxy
Creators: name: Ignesti, Alessandro
name: Vulcani, Benedetta
name: Poggianti, Bianca M.
name: Paladino, Rosita
name: Shimwell, Timothy
name: Healy, Julia
name: Gitti, Myriam
name: Bacchini, Cecilia
name: Moretti, Alessia
name: Radovich, Mario
name: van Weeren, Reinout J.
name: Roberts, Ian D.
name: Botteon, Andrea
name: Müller, Ancla
name: McGee, Sean
name: Fritz, Jacopo
name: Tomčić, Neven
name: Werle, Ariel
name: Mingozzi, Matilde
name: Gullieuszik, Marco
name: Verheijen, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ram pressure stripping is a crucial evolutionary driver for cluster galaxies. It is thought to be able to accelerate the evolution of their star formation, trigger the activity of their central active galactic nucleus (AGN) and the interplay between the galactic and environmental gas, and eventually dissipate their gas reservoir. We explored the outcomes of ram pressure stripping by studying the non-thermal radio emission of the jellyfish galaxy JW100 in the cluster Abell 2626 ($z=0.055$) by combining LOFAR, MeerKAT, and VLA observations from 0.144 to 5.5 GHz. We studied the integrated spectra of the stellar disk, the stripped tail and the AGN, mapped the spectral index over the galaxy, and constrained the magnetic field intensity to be between 11 and 18 $μ$G in the disk and $<10$ $μ$G in the tail. The stellar disk radio emission is dominated by a radiatively old plasma, likely related to an older phase of high star formation rate. This suggests that the star formation was quickly quenched by a factor of 4 in a few $10^7$ yr. The radio emission in the tail is consistent with the stripping scenario, where the radio plasma originally accelerated in the disk is then displaced in the tail. The morphology of the radio and X-ray emissions supports the scenario of accretion of the magnetized environmental plasma onto the galaxy. The AGN non-thermal spectrum indicates that the relativistic electron acceleration may have occurred simultaneously with a central ionized gas outflow, thus suggesting a physical connection between the two processes.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication on ApJ on 24/10/2021
Development of a climate-based forage growth model for a Peace River community pasture
Creators: name: Wallis, Charles Hubert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Based on periodic clipping of a fertilized pasture plot in the Peace River region in 1977 and 1979, accumulated dry matter production of a timothy, red fescue and alsike clover mix was found to be linearly related to accumulated transpiration during the active growing season, with a growth/transpiration ratio of 0.026 t ha⁻¹ /(mm H₂O)-The effect of fertilizer level and cutting management on dry matter production is discussed. Energy balance/Bowen ratio measurements of evapo-transpiration (E) in 1977, 1978 and 1979 showed that daytime E can be calculated for energy limiting conditions using the Priestley-Taylor formula with α = 1.26 ± 0.05. Daytime net radiation required in this formula was estimated to within 15%, using the Idso-Jackson longwave radiation equation and daily solar radiation data from a regional climate station 50 km away. During water supply limiting conditions E was found to be linearly related to root zone water storage. Root zone drainage was found to be negligible in this soil, which has a high bulk density subsoil. A simple model for calculating the course of pasture growth during the growing season at Sunset Prairie Community Pasture is described. The model is composed of a single-layer root zone water balance submodel and a relationship between dry matter production and transpiration. The water balance submodel estimates daily transpiration and requires daily values of rainfall, solar radiation and maximum and minimum air temperature. It also requires crop albedo and an estimate of the initial root zone water storage. Estimates of root zone water storage during the three growing seasons agreed well with gravimetric and neutron moisture probe measurements. The model, using the above growth/transpiration ratio, was found to estimate hay growth during the droughty growing season in 1978 to within 15% of measured values. An effective growth/transpiration ratio of 0.013 t ha ⁻¹/mm was required to account for the growth of pasture subjected to a simulated monthly grazing rotation.
Geometric effects in lattice QCD thermodynamics
Creators: name: Panero, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a study of the equation of state in quenched QCD, discussing some systematic effects related to the lattice geometry. In particular, I comment on the modification of the Stefan-Boltzmann law for a gas of free gluons in a finite system, and study the impact it might have on numerical results at high temperatures, for the typical parameters of current lattice simulations. Finally, I apply the results of this study to the analysis of data obtained from simulations of SU(N) gauge theories with N>3 colors, in a temperature range up to 3T_c, where infrared effects appear to be under control. Preliminary results for various thermodynamic observables for SU(4), SU(5) and SU(6) gauge theories are found to be close to each other and to those for SU(3), in agreement with other similar studies. This may be relevant for the theoretical description of the QCD plasma.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, presented at the XXVI Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA, July 14-19 2008; v2: references added
Introducing PT-REX, the Point-to-point TRend EXtractor
Creators: name: Ignesti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigating the spatial correlation between different emissions in an extended astrophysical source can provide crucial insights into their physical connection, hence it can be the key to understand the nature of the system. The point-to-point analysis of surface brightness is a reliable method to do such an analysis. In this work, we present PT-REX, a software to carry out these studies between radio and X-ray emission in extended sources. We discuss how to reliably carry out this analysis and its limitation and we introduce the Monte Carlo point-to-point analysis, which allows to extend this approach to poorly-resolved sources. Finally we present and discuss the application of our tool to study the diffuse radio emission in a galaxy cluster.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication on New Astronomy on 20/10/2021
title: Η Εξέλιξη της έννοιας του Υπερβατικού από το «τρομερό» στο ανοίκειο. Μεταγραφές της ποιητικής του μεταφυσικού στη σύγχρονη αρχιτεκτονική και στο έργο του Louis I. Kahn.
title: The evolution of the meaning of Sublime from “fearsome” to uncanny. Transcriptions of the poetic of sublime in contemporary architecture and the lifework of Louis I. Kahn
Creators: name: Ναξακης Κυριακος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Το θέμα της ερευνητικής είναι το Υπερβατικό, από το Τρομερό του Edmund
Burke, στο Ανοίκειο του Sigmund Freud, και την χωρική αποξένωση, με
στόχο την κατανόηση των στοιχείων που συνθέτουν τη σύγχρονη
αρχιτεκτονική του Υπερβατικού. Εστιάζοντας στον Burke και το μεγαλειώδες
στη φύση, γίνεται αναγνώριση των αιτιών ενεργοποίησης του τρομερού, με
πρόθεση τον εντοπισμό των εκφράσεών τους σε έργα της σύγχρονης
αρχιτεκτονικής. Από το μεγαλειώδες στον τρόμο, γίνεται μετάβαση στον
υφέρπων φόβο του Ανοικείου και στην κατανόηση των ποιοτήτων της
χωρικής αποξένωσης με σκοπό την εμβάθυνση επάνω στην αρχιτεκτονική
του Ανοικείου. Η ερευνητική ολοκληρώνεται με την εστίαση στην Τάξη, στο
έργο του Louis I. Kahn, σε μια προσπάθεια αφομοίωσης των στοιχείων που
αποδίδουν το Υπερβατικό στην αρχιτεκτονική του, μια αρχιτεκτονική που
συμμερίζεται την αποξένωση του ανθρώπου από τη φύση.
Optimization of Short Coherent Control Pulses
Creators: name: Pasini, S.
name: Fischer, T.
name: Karbach, P.
name: Uhrig, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent control of small quantum system is considered. For a two-level system coupled to an arbitrary bath we consider a pulse of finite duration. We derive the leading and the next-leading order corrections to the evolution operator due to the non-commutation of the pulse and the bath Hamiltonian. The conditions are computed that make the leading corrections vanish. The pulse shapes optimized in this way are given for $π$ and $\fracπ{2}$ pulses.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; published version
Cochlear Implant Users Experience the Sound-To-Music Effect
Creators: name: Kasdan, Anna V.
name: Butera, Iliza M.
name: DeFreese, Andrea J.
name: Rowland, Jess
name: Hilbun, Allison Leich
name: Gordon, Reyna L.
name: Wallace, Mark T.
name: Gifford, René H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The speech-to-song illusion is a robust effect where repeated speech induces the perception of singing; this effect has been extended to repeated excerpts of environmental sounds (sound-to-music effect). Here, we asked whether repetition could elicit musical percepts in cochlear implant (CI) users, who experience challenges with perceiving music due to both physiological and device limitations. Thirty adult CI users and thirty age-matched controls with normal hearing (NH) completed two repetition experiments for speech and nonspeech sounds (water droplets). We hypothesized that CI users would experience the sound-to-music effect from temporal/rhythmic cues alone, but to a lesser magnitude compared to NH controls, given the limited access to spectral information CI users receive from their implants. We found that CI users did experience the sound-to-music effect but to a lesser degree compared to NH participants. Musicality ratings were not associated with musical training or frequency resolution, and among CI users, clinical variables like duration of hearing loss also did not influence ratings. Cochlear implants provide a strong clinical model for disentangling the effects of spectral and temporal information in an acoustic signal; our results suggest that temporal cues are sufficient to perceive the sound-to-music effect when spectral resolution is limited. Additionally, incorporating short repetitions into music specially designed for CI users may provide a promising way for them to experience music.
Additional file 1 of Splenogonadal fusion: a case report and review of the literature
Creators: name: Guangjie Chen
name: Xiaohao Wang
name: Yijun Zhao
name: Linfeng Zhu
name: Tang, Daxing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics and treatments of included splenogonadal fusion (SGF) case.
The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. V. The Full ACS Strong-Lens Sample
Creators: name: Bolton, Adam S.
name: Burles, Scott
name: Koopmans, Leon V. E.
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Gavazzi, Raphael
name: Moustakas, Leonidas A.
name: Wayth, Randall
name: Schlegel, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the definitive data for the full sample of 131 strong gravitational lens candidates observed with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) aboard the Hubble Space Telescope by the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey. All targets were selected for higher-redshift emission lines and lower-redshift continuum in a single Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) spectrum. The foreground galaxies are primarily of early-type morphology, with redshifts from approximately 0.05 to 0.5 and velocity dispersions from 160 km/s to 400 km/s; the faint background emission-line galaxies have redshifts ranging from about 0.2 to 1.2. We confirm 70 systems showing clear evidence of multiple imaging of the background galaxy by the foreground galaxy, as well as an additional 19 systems with probable multiple imaging. For 63 clear lensing systems, we present singular isothermal ellipsoid and light-traces-mass gravitational lens models fitted to the ACS imaging data. These strong-lensing mass measurements are supplemented by magnitudes and effective radii measured from ACS surface-brightness photometry and redshifts and velocity dispersions measured from SDSS spectroscopy. These data constitute a unique resource for the quantitative study of the inter-relations between mass, light, and kinematics in massive early-type galaxies. We show that the SLACS lens sample is statistically consistent with being drawn at random from a parent sample of SDSS galaxies with comparable spectroscopic parameters and effective radii, suggesting that the results of SLACS analyses can be generalized to the massive early-type population.
description: 18 pages emulateapj; accepted for publication in the ApJ; version with full-sized figures available at http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~bolton/slacsV.pdf (pdf) or http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~bolton/slacsV.ps.gz (ps.gz)
The ionization fraction in OMC-2 and OMC-3
Creators: name: Salas, P.
name: Rugel, M. R.
name: Emig, K. L.
name: Kauffmann, J.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron density ($n_{e^{-}}$) plays an important role in setting the chemistry and physics of the interstellar medium. However, measurements of $n_{e^{-}}$ in neutral clouds have been directly obtained only toward a few lines of sight or they rely on indirect determinations. We use carbon radio recombination lines and the far-infrared lines of C$^{+}$ to directly measure $n_{e^{-}}$ and the gas temperature in the envelope of the integral shaped filament (ISF) in the Orion A molecular cloud. We observed the C$102α$ and C$109α$ carbon radio recombination lines (CRRLs) using the Effelsberg 100m telescope at ~2' resolution toward five positions in OMC-2 and OMC-3. Since the CRRLs have similar line properties, we averaged them to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the spectra. We compared the intensities of the averaged CRRLs, and the 158 μm-[CII] and [$^{13}$CII] lines to the predictions of a homogeneous model for the C$^{+}$/C interface in the envelope of a molecular cloud and from this comparison we determined the electron density, temperature and C$^{+}$ column density of the gas. We detect the CRRLs toward four positions, where their velocity and widths (FWHM 2.3 km s$^{-1}$) confirms that they trace the envelope of the ISF. Toward two positions we detect the CRRLs, and the [CII] and [$^{13}$CII] lines with a signal-to-noise ratio >5, and we find $n_{e^{-}}=0.65\pm0.12$ cm$^{-3}$ and $0.95\pm0.02$ cm$^{-3}$, which corresponds to a gas density $n_{H}\approx5\times10^{3}$ cm$^{-3}$ and a thermal pressure of $p_{th}\approx4\times10^{5}$ K cm$^{-3}$. We also constrained the ionization fraction in the denser portions of the molecular cloud using the HCN(1-0) and C$_{2}$H(1-0) lines to $x(e^{-})<3\times10^{-6}$. The derived electron densities and ionization fraction imply that $x(e^{-})$ drops by a factor >100 between the C$^{+}$ layer and the regions probed by HCN(1-0).
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Generalized entropic structures and non-generality of Jaynes' Formalism
Creators: name: Oikonomou, Thomas
name: Tirnakli, Ugur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extremization of an appropriate entropic functional may yield to the probability distribution functions maximizing the respective entropic structure. This procedure is known in Statistical Mechanics and Information Theory as Jaynes' Formalism and has been up to now a standard methodology for deriving the aforementioned distributions. However, the results of this formalism do not always coincide with the ones obtained following different approaches. In this study we analyse these inconsistencies in detail and demonstrate that Jaynes' formalism leads to correct results only for specific entropy definitions.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Random Unitaries Give Quantum Expanders
Creators: name: Hastings, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that randomly choosing the matrices in a completely positive map from the unitary group gives a quantum expander. We consider Hermitian and non-Hermitian cases, and we provide asymptotically tight bounds in the Hermitian case on the typical value of the second largest eigenvalue. The key idea is the use of Schwinger-Dyson equations from lattice gauge theory to efficiently compute averages over the unitary group.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Metabolic profiling by LC-DAD-MS, FTIR, NMR and CE-UV of polyphenols with potential against skin pigmentation disorder
Creators: name: Cordeiro, Isac H.
name: Lima, Nerilson M.
name: Scherrer, Elaine C.
name: Carli, Gabriela P.
name: de Jesus A. S. Andrade, Teresinha
name: Castro, Sandra B. R.
name: de Oliveira, Marcone A. L.
name: Alves, Caio Cesar S.
name: Carli, Alessandra P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: In traditional Brazilian medicine, tubers extracts from Alocasia macrorrhizos are widely used in the treatment of skin pigmentation disorder. However, studies that evaluate its benefits in the treatment of this disorder are non-existent. Thus, this work aims to investigate the bioactivity of A. macrorrhizos extracts in cell culture and murine model of Vitiligo and correlating with its phenolic profile. The metabolic profiling from the bioactive extracts was obtained by LC-DAD-MS, FTIR, NMR, and CE-UV. The murine model of Vitiligo was induced with 5% hydroquinone in C57BL/6 male mice, which were treated or not with 100 mg/kg of roasted tuber aqueous extract. In Vitiligo model assay was observed hair follicle repigmentation and reduction of the epidermal layer thickness at the histopathological level, in the animals treated with aqueous extract of roasted tubers. The present study provides new molecular insight and scientific evidence on the potential utility of the extract of A. macrorrhizos against Vitiligo.
Measures of quasisymmetry for stellarators
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Eduardo
name: Paul, Elizabeth
name: Bhattacharjee, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasisymmetric stellarators are an attractive class of optimised magnetic confinement configurations. The property of quasisymmetry (QS) is in practice limited to be approximate, and thus the construction requires measures that quantify the deviation from the exact property. In this paper we study three measure candidates used in the literature, placing the focus on their origin and the comparison of their forms. The analysis shows clearly the lack of universality in these measures. As these metrics do not directly correspond to any physical property (except when exactly QS), optimisation should employ additional physical metrics for guidance. Especially close to QS minima, treating QS metrics through inequality constraints so that additional physics metrics dominate optimisation is suggested. The impact of different quasisymmetric measures on optimisation is presented through an example.
Gravitational waves in non-local gravity
Creators: name: Capozziello, Salvatore
name: Capriolo, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive gravitational waves in a theory with non-local curvature corrections to the Hilbert-Einstein Lagrangian. In addition to the standard two massless tensor modes, with plus and cross polarizations, helicity 2 and angular frequency $ω_{1}$, we obtain a further scalar massive mode with helicity 0 and angular frequency $ω_{2}$, whose polarization is transverse. It is a breathing mode, which, at the lowest order of an effective parameter $γ$, presents a speed difference between nearly null and null plane waves. Finally, the quasi-Lorentz $E(2)$-invariant class for the non-local gravity is type $N_{3}$, according to the Petrov classification. This means that the presence (or absence) of gravitational wave modes is observer-independent.
description: 22 pages, accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. VII. Elliptical Galaxy Scaling Laws from Direct Observational Mass Measurements
Creators: name: Bolton, Adam S.
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Koopmans, Leon V. E.
name: Gavazzi, Raphael
name: Moustakas, Leonidas A.
name: Burles, Scott
name: Schlegel, David J.
name: Wayth, Randall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a sample of 53 massive early-type strong gravitational lens galaxies with well-measured redshifts (ranging from z=0.06 to 0.36) and stellar velocity dispersions (between 175 and 400 km/s) from the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey to derive numerous empirical scaling relations. The ratio between central stellar velocity dispersion and isothermal lens-model velocity dispersion is nearly unity within errors. The SLACS lenses define a fundamental plane (FP) that is consistent with the FP of the general population of early-type galaxies. We measure the relationship between strong-lensing mass M_lens within one-half effective radius (R_e/2) and the dimensional mass variable M_dim = G^-1 sigma_e2^2 R_e/2 to be log_10 [M_lens/10^11 M_Sun] = (1.03 +/- 0.04) log_10 [M_dim/10^11 M_Sun] + (0.54 +/- 0.02) (where sigma_e2 is the projected stellar velocity dispersion within R_e/2). The near-unity slope indicates that the mass-dynamical structure of massive elliptical galaxies is independent of mass, and that the "tilt" of the SLACS FP is due entirely to variation in total (luminous plus dark) mass-to-light ratio with mass. Our results imply that dynamical masses serve as a good proxies for true masses in massive elliptical galaxies. Regarding the SLACS lenses as a homologous population, we find that the average enclosed 2D mass profile goes as log_10 [M(
description: 13 pages emulateapj; accepted for publication in the ApJ
Российское полиэтничное общество: факторы внутренней этнополитической устойчивости
Creators: name: А.Н., Ямсков
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: российское общество
полиэтничное общество
интеграция этнических меньшинств
интегрированность российских этнических меньшинств

description: В статье рассматриваются два важнейших аспекта социо-культурной интегрированности российского (равно как и любого другого полиэтничного) общества — соотношение уровней социо-культурной модернизированности и религиозности меньшинств с таковыми этнического большинства (то есть русских в России). Кроме того, предлагаемый ниже краткий анализ указанных индикаторов сплоченности российского общества предваряется экскурсом в базовую этнополитическую терминологию.
The impact of cosmic variance on PTAs anisotropy searches
Creators: name: Konstandin, Thomas
name: Lemke, Anna-Malin
name: Mitridate, Andrea
name: Perboni, Enrico
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2024

description: Several Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations have recently found evidence for a Gravitational Wave Background (GWB) by measuring the perturbations that this background induces in the time-of-arrivals of pulsar signals. These perturbations are expected to be correlated across different pulsars and, for isotropic GWBs, the expected values of these correlations (obtained by averaging over different GWB realizations) are a simple function of the pulsars' angular separations, known as the Hellings-Downs (HD) correlation function. On the other hand, anisotropic GWBs would induce deviations from these HD correlations in a way that can be used to search for anisotropic distributions of the GWB power. However, even for isotropic GWBs, interference between GW sources radiating at overlapping frequencies induces deviations from the HD correlation pattern, an effect known in the literature as 'cosmic variance'. In this work, we study the impact of cosmic variance on PTA anisotropy searches. We find that the fluctuations in cross-correlations related to cosmic variance can lead to the miss-classification of isotropic GWBs as anisotropic, leading to a false detection rate of $\sim 50\%$ for frequentist anisotropy searches. We also observe that cosmic variance complicates the reconstruction of the GWB sky map, making it more challenging to resolve bright GW hotspots, like the ones expected to be produced from a Supermassive Black Hole Binaries population. These findings highlight the need to refine anisotropy search techniques to improve our ability to reconstruct the GWB sky map and accurately assess the significance of any isotropy deviations we might find in it.
Additional file 1 of Improved prediction of fracture risk leveraging a genome-wide polygenic risk score
Creators: name: Tianyuan Lu
name: Forgetta, Vincenzo
name: Julyan Keller-Baruch
name: Nethander, Maria
name: Bennett, Derrick
name: Forest, Marie
name: Sahir Bhatnagar
name: Walters, Robin G.
name: Lin, Kuang
name: Zhengming Chen
name: Liming Li
name: Karlsson, Magnus
name: Mellström, Dan
name: Orwoll, Eric
name: McCloskey, Eugene V.
name: Kanis, John A.
name: Leslie, William D.
name: Clarke, Robert J.
name: Ohlsson, Claes
name: Greenwood, Celia M. T.
name: J. Brent Richards
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1: Distribution of discrepancies in minor allele frequencies of SNPs between the China Kadoorie Biobank and the UK Biobank; Fig. S2: Distribution of standardized gSOS among 90,172 individuals of European ancestry; Fig. S3: Cumulative incidence of major osteoporotic fracture in (A) the MrOS US cohort and (B) the SOF cohort, and cumulative incidence of hip fracture in (C) the MrOS US cohort and (D) the SOF cohort; Table S1. Summary of model training and selection in the UK Biobank; Table S2. Summary of Pearson correlation between gSOS and clinical risk factors; Table S3. Summary of incidence of osteoporotic fracture; Table S4. Summary of predictive power of gSOS and clinical risk factors; Table S5. Details of net reclassification improvement of major osteoporotic fracture risk prediction using FRAX-gSOS; Table S6. Details of net reclassification improvement of hip fracture risk prediction using FRAX-gSOS.
Gelatin-methacryloyl hydrogel based in vitro blood–brain barrier model for studying breast cancer-associated brain metastasis
Creators: name: Augustine, Robin
name: Zahid, Alap Ali
name: Mraiche, Fatima
name: Alam, Khurshid
name: Moustafa, Ala-Eddin Al
name: Hasan, Anwarul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of brain metastasis. Metastasis to the brain occurs if cancer cells manage to traverse the ‘blood-brain barrier’ (BBB), which is a barrier with a very tight junction (TJ) of endothelial cells between blood circulation and brain tissue. It is highly important to develop novel in vitro BBB models to investigate breast cancer metastasis to the brain to facilitate the screening of chemotherapeutic agents against it. We herein report the development of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) modified transwell insert based BBB model composed of endothelial and astrocyte cell layers for testing the efficacy of anti-metastatic agents against breast cancer metastasis to the brain. We characterized the developed model for the morphology and in vitro breast cancer cell migration. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of cisplatin, a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, on the migration of metastatic breast cancer cells using the model. Our results showed that breast cancer cells migrate across the developed BBB model. Cisplatin treatment inhibited the migration of cancer cells across the model. Findings of this study suggest that our BBB model can be used as a suitable tool to investigate breast cancer-associated brain metastasis and to identify suitable therapeutic agents against this.
Surface Reduction State Determines Stabilization and Incorporation of Rh on α-Fe2O3(1-102)
Creators: name: Kraushofer, Florian
name: Resch, Nikolaus
name: Eder, Moritz
name: Rafsanjani-Abbasi, Ali
name: Tobisch, Sarah
name: Jakub, Zdenek
name: Franceschi, Giada
name: Riva, Michele
name: Meier, Matthias
name: Schmid, Michael
name: Diebold, Ulrike
name: Parkinson, Gareth S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iron oxides (FeOx) are among the most common support materials utilized in single atom catalysis. The support is nominally Fe2O3, but strongly reductive treatments are usually applied to activate the as-synthesized catalyst prior to use. Here, we study Rh adsorption and incorporation on the (1-102) surface of hematite (α-Fe2O3), which switches from a stoichiometric (1x1) termination to a reduced (2x1) reconstruction in reducing conditions. Rh atoms form clusters at room temperature on both surface terminations, but Rh atoms incorporate into the support lattice as isolated atoms upon annealing above 400 °C. Under mildly oxidizing conditions, the incorporation process is so strongly favoured that even large Rh clusters containing hundreds of atoms dissolve into the surface. Based on a combination of low energy ion scattering and scanning tunnelling microscopy data, as well as density functional theory, we conclude that the Rh atoms are stabilized in the immediate subsurface, rather than the surface layer.
Glutamate-urea-based PSMA-targeted PLGA nanoparticles for prostate cancer delivery of docetaxel
Creators: name: Saniee, Fateme
name: Ravari, Nazanin Shabani
name: Goodarzi, Navid
name: Amini, Mohsen
name: Atyabi, Fatemeh
name: Moghadam, Ebrahim Saeedian
name: Dinarvand, Rassoul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Targeted drug delivery is a tool to make treatment more specific, selective, and effective and to prevent unwanted complications. Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a useful biomarker in order to monitor and control prostate cancer. Glutamate-Urea-R (Glu-Urea-R) is a PSMA enzyme inhibitor capable of binding to this surface marker of prostate cancer cell in an efficient and special manner. The aim of this project was to develop a docetaxel-loaded nanoparticle of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) polyethylene glycol which is cojugated to a urea-based anti-PSMA ligand named glutamate-urea-lysine (glu-urea-lys) for targeted delivery of docetaxel in prostate cancer. The obtained nanoparticles, prepared by nanoprecipitation method, were spheres with a particle size of around 150 nm and zeta potential of −7.08 mV. Uptake studies on the PC3 (as PSMA negative) and LNCaP (as PSMA positive) cells demonstrated that drug uptake was efficient by the PSMA positive cells. IC50 of targeted NPs on LNCaP cell line compared to non-targeted ones was reduced by more than 70% in three different incubation times of 24, 48, and 72 h. In conclusion, the nanoparticles are expected to specifically transport docetaxel to PSMA-positive prostate cancer cells and consequently, enhance the antitumor efficacy of docetaxel on these cells.
Additional file 1 of A scoping review of causal methods enabling predictions under hypothetical interventions
Creators: name: Lin, Lijing
name: Sperrin, Matthew
name: Jenkins, David A.
name: Martin, Glen P.
name: Peek, Niels
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Spontaneous Polarisation Build up in a Room Temperature Polariton Laser
Creators: name: Baumberg, J. J.
name: Kavokin, A. V.
name: Christopoulos, S.
name: Grundy, A. J. D.
name: Butte, R.
name: Christmann, G.
name: Solnyshkov, D. D.
name: Malpuech, G.
name: von Hogersthal, G. Baldassarri Hoger
name: Feltin, E.
name: Carlin, J. -F.
name: Grandjean, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe the build up of strong (~50%) spontaneous vector polarisation in emission from a GaN-based polariton laser excited by short optical pulses at room temperature. The Stokes vector of emitted light changes its orientation randomly from one excitation pulse to another, so that the time-integrated polarisation remains zero. This behaviour is completely different to any previous laser. We interpret this observation in terms of the spontaneous symmetry breaking in a Bose-Einstein condensate of exciton-polaritons.
R-matrix electron-impact excitation data for the O-like iso-electronic sequence
Creators: name: Mao, Junjie
name: Badnell, N. R.
name: Del Zanna, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical plasma codes are built on atomic databases. In the current atomic databases, R-matrix electron-impact excitation data of O-like ions are limited. The accuracy of plasma diagnostics with O-like ions depends on the availability and accuracy of the atomic data. This is particularly relevant in the context of future observatories equipped with the next generation of high-resolution spectrometers. To obtain level-resolved effective collision strengths of O-like ions from \ion{Ne}{III} to \ion{Zn}{XXIII} (i.e., Ne$^{2+}$ to Zn$^{22+}$) over a wide range of temperatures. This includes transitions up to $nl=5d$ for each ion. We also aim to assess the accuracy of the new data, as well as their impact on solar atmosphere plasma diagnostics, compared to those available within the CHIANTI database. A large-scale R-matrix intermediate coupling frame transformation calculations were performed systematically for the O-like iso-electronic sequence. For each ion, 630 fine-structure levels were included in both the configuration interaction target and close-coupling collision expansions. The present results (energy levels, oscillator strengths, and effective collision strengths) of selected ions across the iso-electronic sequence are compared with those in archival databases and the literature. For selected ions across the iso-electronic sequence. We find general agreement with the few previous R-matrix calculations of collision strengths. We illustrate the improvements for a few solar plasma diagnostics over existing CHIANTI atomic models based on distorted wave data. The electron-impact excitation data are archived according to the Atomic Data and Analysis Structure (ADAS) data class adf04 and will be available in OPEN-ADAS.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2009.09506
Additional file 2 of ACEF performed better than other risk scores in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome during long term follow-up
Creators: name: Kristić, Ivica
name: Crnčević, Nikola
name: Runjić, Frane
name: Čapkun, Vesna
name: Polašek, Ozren
name: Matetic, Andrija
name: Vrsalovic, Mislav
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Table S1: Overview of the first risk score validation in the setting of ACS or PCI. Table S2: Description of risk scores. Table S3: Association of risk scores with occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events. Table S4: Comparison of predicted probabilities of ACEF and different computed models (derived from bivariate logistic regression). Table S5: ROC curve analysis.