cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diffusive Mixing of Stable States in the Ginzburg-Landau Equation
Creators: name: Gallay, Thierry
name: Mielke, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation on the real line, we construct solutions which converge, as $x \to \pm\infty$, to periodic stationary states with different wave-numbers $η_\pm$. These solutions are stable with respect to small perturbations, and approach as $t \to +\infty$ a universal diffusive profile depending only on the values of $η_\pm$. This extends a previous result of Bricmont and Kupiainen by removing the assumption that $η_\pm$ should be close to zero. The existence of the diffusive profile is obtained as an application of the theory of monotone operators, and the long-time behavior of our solutions is controlled by rewriting the system in scaling variables and using energy estimates involving an exponentially growing damping term.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX
Early stages of the shear banding instability in wormlike micelles
Creators: name: Fielding, Suzanne M.
name: Olmsted, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the early stages of the shear banding instability in semidilute wormlike micelles using the non-local Johnson-Segalman model with a two-fluid coupling of the concentration (phi) to the shear rate (gamma_dot) and micellar strain (tensor{W}). We calculate the ``spinodal'' limit of stability for sweeps along the homogeneous intrinsic flow curve. For startup ``quenches'' into the unstable region, the instability in general occurs before the homogeneous startup flow can attain the intrinsic flow curve. We predict the selected time and length scales at which inhomogeneity first emerges. In the ``infinite drag'' limit, fluctuations in the mechanical variables (gamma_dot and \tensor{W}) are independent of those in phi, and are unstable when the slope of the intrinsic flow curve is negative; but no length scale is selected. For finite drag, the mechanical instability is enhanced by coupling to phi and a length scale is selected, in qualitative agreement with recent experiments. For systems far from an underlying zero-shear demixing instability this enhancement is slight, while close to demixing the instability sets in at low shear rates and is essentially demixing triggered by flow.
description: 4 pages; 4 figures; submitted to Physical Review Letters
Deschampsia cespitosa P. Beauv.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Deschampsia
Deschampsia cespitosa

description: Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P.Beauv.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: HZ, AZ; 2 800–4 000 m. Distribution: I.
Voucher: N/A.
References: Bussmann (1993, 1994).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Probing the Properties of the Molecular Adlayers on Metal Substrates: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Study of Amine Adsorption on Au(111) and Graphene Nanoislands on Co(0001)
Creators: Zhou, Hui
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Nanoscience
Microphysics
Materials science

description: In this thesis, we present our findings on two major topics, both of which are studies of molecules on metal surfaces by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The first topic is on adsorption of a model amine compound, 1,4-benzenediamine (BDA), on the reconstructed Au(111) surface, chosen for its potential application as a molecular electronic device. The molecules were deposited in the gas phase onto the substrate in the vacuum chamber. Five different patterns of BDA molecules on the surface at different coverages, and the preferred adsorption sites of BDA molecules on reconstructed Au(111) surface, were observed. In addition, BDA molecules were susceptible to tip-induced movement, suggesting that BDA molecules on metal surfaces can be a potential candidate in STM molecular manipulations. We also studied graphene nanoislands on Co(0001) in the hope of understanding interaction of expitaxially grown graphene and metal substrates. This topic can shed a light on the potential application of graphene as an electronic device, especially in spintronics. The graphene nanoislands were formed by annealing contorted hexabenzocoronene (HBC) on the Co(0001) surface. In our  experiments, we have determined atop registry of graphene atoms with respect to the underlying Co surface. We also investigated the low-energy electronic structures of graphene nanoislands by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The result was compared with a first-principle calculation using density functional theory (DFT) which suggested strong coupling between graphene pi-bands and cobalt d-electrons. We also observed that the islands exhibit zigzag edges, which exhibits unique electronic structures compared with the center areas of the islands.
B-decay discrepancies after Moriond 2019
Creators: name: Aebischer, Jason
name: Altmannshofer, Wolfgang
name: Guadagnoli, Diego
name: Reboud, Meril
name: Stangl, Peter
name: Straub, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the updated measurement of the lepton flavour universality (LFU) ratio R_K in B -> Kll decays by LHCb, as well as a number of further measurements, e.g. R_K* by Belle and B_s -> mu mu by ATLAS, we analyse the global status of new physics in b -> s transitions in the weak effective theory at the b-quark scale, in the Standard Model effective theory at the electroweak scale, and in simplified models of new physics. We find that the data continues to strongly prefer a solution with new physics in semi-leptonic Wilson coefficients. A purely muonic contribution to the combination C_9 = -C_10, well suited to UV-complete interpretations, is now favoured with respect to a muonic contribution to C_9 only. An even better fit is obtained by allowing an additional LFU shift in C_9. Such a shift can be renormalization-group induced from four-fermion operators above the electroweak scale, in particular from semi-tauonic operators, able to account for the potential discrepancies in b -> c transitions. This scenario is naturally realized in the simplified U_1 leptoquark model. We also analyse simplified models where a LFU effect in b -> sll is induced radiatively from four-quark operators and show that such a setup is on the brink of exclusion by LHC di-jet resonance searches.
description: 41 pages, 20 figures, 3 tables. Originally presented at Moriond EW 2019 on March 22, 2019. v2: Numerics updated including the Belle RD(*) update, clarifications and references added
title: Weglängenprobleme der Elektronen in Metallen und Halbleitern
Creators: name: Justi, Eduard
name: Kohler, Max
name: Lautz, Günter
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1951
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 530

description: In general the electrical resistivity of metal specimens does not depend on their size. At low temperatures, however, the mean free path of the electrons can be comparable with the geometric dimensions of the specimens. In this paper the theory of K. Fuchs and R.B. Dingle is discussed in detail, and it is shown that there is a discrepancy between their formulae and the experimental results of van den Berg and hitherto unpublished own measurements for gold at liquid helium temperatures. On the assumption of Rutherford-scattering in a semiconductor one can see that in first approximation the mechanism of electron scattering has only little influence on the formulae derived by Fuchs for thin films.
In agreement with similar observations on the anomalous skin-effect the authors propose to explain· the discrepancy by the increase of residual resistivity with cold working of the surface layer and therefore by the enlargement of the effective surface-area. As to thin wires the assumption of a "surface-resistivity" yields some approximated results in good agreement with those of Dingle.
In conclusion, the authors give a report of the above discussed resistivity measurements on cylindrical specimens of Mylius-gold, perhaps the purest metal ever obtained.
Microwave Background Anisotropies from Scaling Seed Perturbations
Creators: name: Durrer, Ruth
name: Sakellariadou, Mairi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study microwave background anisotropies induced by scaling seed perturbations in a universe dominated by cold dark matter. Using a gauge invariant linear perturbation analysis, we solve the perturbation equations on super-horizon scales, for CMB anisotropies triggered by generic gravitational seeds. We find that perturbations induced by seeds --- under very mild restrictions --- are nearly isocurvature. Thus, compensation, which is mainly the consequence of physically sensible initial conditions, is very generic. We then restrict our study to the case of scaling sources, motivated by global scalar fields. We parameterize the energy momentum tensor of the source by ``seed functions'' and calculate the Sachs-Wolfe and acoustic contributions to the CMB anisotropies. We discuss the dependence of the anisotropy spectrum on the parameters of the model considered. Even within the restricted class of models investigated in this work, we find a surprising variety of results for the position and height of the first acoustic peak as well as for the overall amplitude. In particular, for certain choices of parameters, the spectrum resembles very much the well known adiabatic inflationary spectrum, whereas for others, the position of the first acoustic peak is significantly shifted towards smaller angular scales.
description: LaTeX file (18 pages) and 12 figures; minor corrections; to appear as an article in Physical Review D
title: Halleffekt und Elektronen-Konfiguration der Edelmetalle
Creators: name: Justi, Eduard
name: Kohler, Max
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1951
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 530

description: In some previously published papers the present authors have reported new previse measurements of the hitherto unknown Hall coefficients of Nb (Cb), Re, Ru, Rh, Ir and new values for Cu, Ag, Au. These coefficients show a monotonic change from high positive to high negative values with increasing atomic number in each period of the periodic system. These results can be explained satisfactorily in terms of an two band· model according to Mott. The quantitative evaluation of the measured values by our formulae gives some results for the different configuration of electrons in the free and the crystalline state of these metals. The abnormally high positive AH-values of Re and Ru can be explained by the assumption, that even holes in the upper band act as defect-electrons.
Born-Oppenheimer Approximation near Level Crossing
Creators: name: Gordon, A.
name: Avron, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Born-Oppenheimer problem near conical intersection in two dimensions. For energies close to the crossing energy we describe the wave function near an isotropic crossing and show that it is related to generalized hypergeometric functions 0F3. This function is to a conical intersection what the Airy function is to a classical turning point. As an application we calculate the anomalous Zeeman shift of vibrational levels near a crossing.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, Letter
Deschampsia flexuosa var. afromontana C. E. Hubb.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Deschampsia
Deschampsia flexuosa
Deschampsia flexuosa (l.) trin. var. afromontana c.e.hubb.

description: Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin. var. afromontana C.E.Hubb.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: HZ, AZ, NZ; 2 500– 4 600 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Teleki Valley, Alt. 3 960 m, 12 Nov. 1985, Stephenson 372 (EA).
References: Fries & Fries (1926), Clayton (1970), Young & Peacock (1985), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Abdi (2013), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Blocking an Evader in a Polygon by a 2-modem Searcher
Creators: name: Eskandari, Marzieh
name: Bahoo, Yeganeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Applied Computer Science
Theoretical Computer Science

description: In this paper, we introduce a version of Pursuit-Evasion problem in which the pursuer is a 2-modem which pursues an unpredictable evader in a polygonal environment. A 2-modem searcher is a wireless device whose radio signal can penetrate two walls. Furthermore, a query path inside the polygon is given so that the 2-modem moves on it. We want to find out that when the 2- modem moves on this path if evaders can move from an invisible region to another one without detecting by the pursuer or not. In the other word, we want to find out if the invisible regions merge together or not.
A universal bound for surfaces in 3-manifolds with a given Heegaard genus
Creators: name: Eudave-Munoz, Mario
name: Shor, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown that for given positive integers g and b, there is a number C(g,b), such that any orientable compact irreducible 3-manifold of Heegaard genus g has at most C(g,b) disjoint, nonparallel incompressible surfaces with first Betti number b_1 < b.
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol1/agt-1-2.abs.html
A Continuum Description of Vibrated Sand
Creators: name: Eggers, Jens
name: Riecke, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of a thin layer of granular material on a plate undergoing sinusoidal vibrations is considered. We develop equations of motion for the local thickness and the horizontal velocity of the layer. The driving comes from the violent impact of the grains on the plate. A linear stability theory reveals that the waves are excited non-resonantly, in contrast to the usual Faraday waves in liquids. Together with the experimentally observed continuum scaling, the model suggests a close connection between the neutral curve and the dispersion relation of the waves, which agrees quite well with experiments. For strong hysteresis we find localized oscillon solutions.
description: paper has been considerably extended (11 instead of 6 pages; 6 instead of 4 figures) much better agreement with experiment. obtain now oscillons in 1 dimension
1ES 1927+654: An AGN Caught Changing Look on a Timescale of Months
Creators: name: Trakhtenbrot, Benny
name: Arcavi, Iair
name: MacLeod, Chelsea L.
name: Ricci, Claudio
name: Kara, Erin
name: Graham, Melissa L.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Burke, Jamison
name: Hiramatsu, Daichi
name: Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Smartt, Stephen J.
name: Rest, Armin
name: Prieto, Jose L.
name: Shappee, Benjamin J.
name: Holoien, Thomas W. -S.
name: Bersier, David
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Brink, Thomas G.
name: Zheng, WeiKang
name: Li, Ruancun
name: Remillard, Ronald A.
name: Loewenstein, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sudden optical and ultraviolet (UV) brightening of 1ES 1927+654, which until now was known as a narrow-line active galactic nucleus (AGN). 1ES 1927+654 was part of the small and peculiar class of "true Type-2" AGN, which lack broad emission lines and line-of-sight obscuration. Our high-cadence spectroscopic monitoring captures the appearance of a blue, featureless continuum, followed several weeks later by the appearance of broad Balmer emission lines. This timescale is generally consistent with the expected light travel time between the central engine and the broad-line emission region in (persistent) broad-line AGN. Hubble Space Telescope spectroscopy reveals no evidence for broad UV emission lines (e.g., CIV1549, CIII]1909, MgII2798), probably owing to dust in the broad-line emission region. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case where the lag between the change in continuum and in broad-line emission of a "changing-look" AGN has been temporally resolved. The nature and timescales of the photometric and spectral evolution disfavor both a change in line-of-sight obscuration and a change of the overall rate of gas inflow as driving the drastic spectral transformations seen in this AGN. Although the peak luminosity and timescales are consistent with those of tidal disruption events seen in inactive galaxies, the spectral properties are not. The X-ray emission displays a markedly different behavior, with frequent flares on timescales of hours to days, and will be presented in a companion publication.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1: of Exposure profile of mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, antimony, copper, selenium and zinc in maternal blood, cord blood and placenta: the Tohoku Study of Child Development in Japan
Creators: name: Iwai-Shimada, Miyuki
name: Kameo, Satomi
name: Nakai, Kunihiko
name: Yaginuma-Sakurai, Kozue
name: Tatsuta, Nozomi
name: Kurokawa, Naoyuki
name: Nakayama, Shoji
name: Satoh, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology

description: Table S1. Results from analytical quality control of toxic and trace elements in the whole blood. Table S2. Results from external quality control and other analytical reference values of toxic and trace elements in the whole blood. Table S3. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients (rho) for five elements in the maternal blood, cord blood and placenta. Figure S1. Flow chart of the study participants. Figure S2. Correlations of blood mercury concentrations between A laboratory (International mercury lab) and B laboratory (IDEA consultant). N = 5, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (r). A (total mercury in the whole blood): Y = 0.96x − 0.99, B (methylmercury in the whole blood): Y = 0.97x − 1.1, C (total mercury in red blood cells): Y = 0.84x + 0.48, D (methylmercury in red blood cells): Y = 0.82x − 0.83, E (total mercury in plasma): Y = 0.77x + 0.21, F (methylmercury in plasma): Y = 0.65x + 0.08. (PDF 275 kb)
High-Resolution Analysis of Cold and Hot Dark Matter in Cosmic String Wakes
Creators: name: Sornborger, Andrew T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the accretion of cold and hot dark matter onto a cosmic string wake using a high-resolution numerical simulation. We verify previous analytical calculations predicting the radius of bound matter around wakes and inflow velocities of the dark matter, as well as assumptions about the self-similarity of the solution. In cold wakes, we show that self-similarity is approached quickly after a `binding' transition. Hot wakes approach self-similarity rapidly once the free streaming `pressure' falls below a critical value and accretion begins. We also analytically calculate the size of the overdensity in wakes with cold dark matter and compare the results to simulations. We remark that the results derived may be used in testing gravitational numerical codes in the non-linear regime.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX, more figures and mpeg simulations available at http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/user/ats25/string.html
Probing the Ultraviolet Milky Way: The Final Galactic Puzzle Piece
Creators: Mohammed, Steven M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Astronomy
Ultraviolet radiation
Ultraviolet spectra
Stars--Color
Stars--Age--Measurement
Red giants
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration

description: We have observed our Universe in many different wavelengths, from gamma ray to radiowaves and have observed countless stars, galaxies, and everything else in between. These measurements slowly add to our understanding of what our Universe is, how it formed, and where it is heading next. In Chapter 2 we introduce the Ultraviolet GAlactic Plane Survey (UVGAPS), which produced a high resolution map of the Milky Way’s Galactic plane in the NUV using the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), an orbiting ultraviolet space telescope operated by NASA and Caltech between 2003-2013. Of the many astrophysical phenomena observable in ultraviolet wavelengths, we choose to focus on a few interesting objects: red clump stars and OB type stars, and the Galactic dust that impacts them. We use an image source extractor to obtain the NUV photometry and apply several cuts to clean the data. We present a catalog of 2,843,399 objects with GALEX NUV band mea- surements. Despite the difference in observing strategy and analysis pipeline, we find good agreement between previously targeted GALEX observations and the UVGAPS catalog in overlapping regions. The data were cross matched to Gaia DR2 and Pan-STARRS DR2, two visible-band surveys that have considerable coverage of the Galactic Plane. We characterize matched objects in color-magnitude and color-color space to highlight a range of objects, from main sequence stars to binaries detected with these data. Although core helium-burning red clump (RC) stars are faint at ultraviolet wavelengths, their ultraviolet-optical color is a unique and accessible probe of their physical properties. In Chapter 3, using data from the GALEX All Sky Imaging Survey, Gaia DR2, and the SDSS APOGEE DR14 survey, we find that spectroscopic metallicity is strongly correlated with the location of a RC star in the UV-optical color magnitude diagram. The RC has a wide spread in (NUV - G)0 color of over 4 magnitudes compared to a 0.7-magnitude range in (G BP - G RP )0 . We propose a photometric, dust-corrected, ultraviolet-optical (NUV - G)0 - [Fe/H] color-metallicity relation using a sample of 5,175 RC stars from APOGEE. We show that this relation has a scatter of 0.16 dex and is easier to obtain for large, wide-field samples than spectroscopic metallicities. Importantly, the effect may be comparable to the spread in RC color attributed to extinction in other studies. In Chapter 4 we extend our RC analysis to UVGAPS and include new age and mass measurements. We find that RC stars separate into two distinct populations in the thin and thick disk. Thick disk stars tend to be old, low mass stars while thin disk stars are more heterogeneous, containing mostly young, massive stars but also some old, low-mass stars typical of the thick disk. These last two chapters are just two of many projects that UVGAPS enables.
Magnetoresistance and magnetic anisotropy in La$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$CoO$_{3-δ}$ film
Creators: name: Belevtsev, B. I.
name: Krasovitsky, V. B.
name: Panfilov, A. S.
name: Chukanova, I. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic and transport properties of La$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$CoO$_{3-δ}$ film grown on a LaAlO$_3$ substrate by pulsed-laser deposition are studied. The properties are found to be influenced by a combined influence of the magnetic anisotropy and inhomogeneity. Magnetoresistance anisotropy is determined by the shape anisotropy and the strain-induced magnetic anisotropy due to the film-substrate lattice interaction. Indications of the temperature-driven spin reorientation transition from an out-of plane orderded state at low temperatures to an in-plane ordered state at high temperatures as a result of competition between the mentioned anisotropy sources are found.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, reported at Moscow Int. Symp. on Magnetism (MISM 2002), June 2002
title: Das Verhalten der thermoelektrischen Effekte in tiefsten Temperaturen
Creators: name: Kohler, Max
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1951
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 53

description: The thermoelectric phenomena of electronic conductors are considered using only the 3 principal laws of thermodynamics. As a consequence of the Nernst-theorem the product of electrical conductivity [sigma] and differential thermoelectric force must vanish for T -> 0. Only if lim [sigma] T->0 =/= 0, one must conclude, that the thermoelectric force disappeares in the limit T -> 0. If lim [sigma] = 0 (for instance for some semi-conductors) the theorem of Nernst gives no essential rule for the behaviour of the differential thermoelectric force at T = 0. 
If the Thomson coefficient [my] is given by [my] = [beta] x Tn in the neighbourhood of T = 0, the Nernst-theorem gives for the case lim [sigma] T->0 =/= 0 the condition n > 0. The hitherto accepted condition was n > 1. Thus the present theory explains the hitherto reported discrepancies between the thermodynamical and the electron theoretical treatment of the thermoelectric phenomena.
Digitaria abyssinica Stapf
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Digitaria
Digitaria abyssinica

description: Digitaria abyssinica (A.Rich.) Stapf  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMDF; up to 3 000 m. Distribution: I.
 Voucher: Mutamayu Farm on Burgret River, Alt. 1 950 m, 29 Dec. 1999, Robertson 7236 (EA).
References: Fries & Fries (1928), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 36, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
title: Über den Einfluß von Reduktionsprozessen auf den Leuchtmechanismus des fluoreszierenden Magnesiumorthotitanates und Rubins
Creators: name: Krautz, Erich
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1951
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 53

description: The influence of reducing processes (H2, N2, vacuum) on the luminescence of magnesium orthotitanate activated by manganese and [alpha]-Al2O3 activated by chromium (ruby) is investigated at high temperatures. The altering of the ionisation state of manganese activators is best studied by submitting the luminescence material to a vacuum treatment whereby a severe reducing of the basic crystal and the formation of nitrides and hydrides can be avoided.
Some second-order partial differential equations associated with Lie groups
Creators: name: Jorgensen, Palle E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B10 (Primary), 22E25, 22E45, 31C25, 35B27, 35B45, 35C99, 35H10, 35H20, 35K10, 41A35, 43A65, 47F05, 53C30 (Secondary)

description: In this note we survey results in recent research papers on the use of Lie groups in the study of partial differential equations. The focus will be on parabolic equations, and we will show how the problems at hand have solutions that seem natural in the context of Lie groups. The research is joint with D.W. Robinson, as well as other researchers who are listed in the references.
description: 11 pages, 1 EPS graphic, LaTeX2e amsart document class, AMS Cyrillic font used in bibliography. This paper is an expanded version of a lecture given by the author at the National Research Symposium on Geometric Analysis and Applications at the the Centre for Mathematics and its Applications at The Australian National University in June of 2000
Using Data Science to Understand the Film Industry's Gender Gap
Creators: name: Kagan, Dima
name: Chesney, Thomas
name: Fire, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data science can offer answers to a wide range of social science questions. Here we turn attention to the portrayal of women in movies, an industry that has a significant influence on society, impacting such aspects of life as self-esteem and career choice. To this end, we fused data from the online movie database IMDb with a dataset of movie dialogue subtitles to create the largest available corpus of movie social networks (15,540 networks). Analyzing this data, we investigated gender bias in on-screen female characters over the past century. We find a trend of improvement in all aspects of women`s roles in movies, including a constant rise in the centrality of female characters. There has also been an increase in the number of movies that pass the well-known Bechdel test, a popular--albeit flawed--measure of women in fiction. Here we propose a new and better alternative to this test for evaluating female roles in movies. Our study introduces fresh data, an open-code framework, and novel techniques that present new opportunities in the research and analysis of movies.
Additional file 5. of Phylogeographic and evolutionary history analyses of the warty crab Eriphia verrucosa (Decapoda, Brachyura, Eriphiidae) unveil genetic imprints of a late Pleistocene vicariant event across the Gibraltar Strait, erased by postglacial expansion and admixture among refugial lineages
Creators: name: Temim Deli
name: Kiel, Christina
name: Schubart, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Figure S1. Analysis of the historical biogeography of E. verrucosa based on a total dataset of 143 sequences (excluding the GenBank sequences). (DOCX 304 kb)
title: Aerodynamische Untersuchungen an abgestumpften Kegeln im Überschallbereich (Machzahl Ma = 2 bis 4)
Creators: name: Köster, H.
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 50

description: Die Abrundung der Nase von Flugkörpern im Überschallbereich hat durch die neuere Entwicklung der Raumfahrt-Aerodynamik, insbesondere im Hinblick auf Fragen des Wärmeüberganges, wesentliche Bedeutung erlangt. Um einen Beitrag zu diesem Problemkreis zu geben. wurden im kleinen Überschall'Windkanal der Deutschen Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DFL) einige aerodynamische Untersuchungen an Kegeln mit verschiedenen Abrundungsradien der Nase ausgeführt. Es werden die Ergebnisse von Messungen an einem Kegel mit einem halben Kegelwinkel von [gamma] = 10° mitgeteilt. Die Untersuchungen umfassen die Bestimmung des Stoßabstandes, der Druckverteilung und des Vorkörperwiderstandes bei verschiedener Abrundung der Kegelspitze im Machzahlbereich von Ma = 2 bis 4. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine Abnahme des Verhältnisses von Stoßabstand zu Nasenradius mit zunehmender Abrundung und Machzahl, wobei jedoch der absolute Stoßabstand mit der Nasenabrundung zunimmt. Die Größe der Abrundung hat keinen Einfluß auf die Druckverteilung, während der Vorkörperwiderstand mit zunehmender Abstumpfung sehr stark ansteigt.
description: Blunting of the nose of missiles in supersonic flow has attained an essential importance as a consequence of the modern development of space aerodynamics, particularly in view of the problems connected with heat transfer. To give a contribution to these problems, some aerodynamic investigations on cones with various nose radii have been carried out in the small supersonic wind tunnel of the DFL. Results of measurements on a cone with half cone angle of [gamma] = 10° are presented. The investigations include the determination of the shock stand-off distance, the pressure distribution, and the drag of the forebody at various nose curvatures of the cone the Mach number ranging from 2 to 4. The results show that the ratio of
shock stand-off distanee to radius of curvature decreases with increasing curvature and Mach number, while, however, the absolute shock distance increases with the nose curvature. The degree of vurvature has no influence on the pressure distribution whereas the forebody drag rises considerably with increasing bluntness.
Probing the response of 2D crystals by optical spectroscopy
Creators: Li, Yilei
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Condensed matter
Optics

description: Atomically thin two-dimensional crystals form a distinct and growing class of new materials. The electromagnetic response of a two-dimensional crystal provides direct access to its electronic properties. This thesis presents a series of experimental studies of the electromagnetic response of model two-dimensional crystals as probed by optical spectroscopy.  Our aim is to obtain understanding of their intrinsic linear and nonlinear response and the many-body interactions in these materials, as well as to explore the potential to use the two-dimensional materials for sensing applications.
      In the two studies of graphene, we either removed contaminations from the environment to reveal the intrinsic response or intentionally applied adsorbates to investigate how the electrons interact with the extrinsic molecules. In the first study, we obtained ultra-clean graphene using hexagonal boron nitride as the substrate, which allowed us to probe using Raman spectroscopy the intrinsic electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions free from substrate induced sample inhomogeneity. In a second study, we demonstrate a strong near-field electromagnetic interaction of graphene plasmons with the vibrations of adsorbed molecules. Our results reveal the potential of graphene for molecular sensing.
      In our investigations of the monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, we performed measurements of the linear and the second-order nonlinear dielectric response. From the linear dielectric response, we demonstrate strong light-matter interactions even for a single layer of these materials. Several trends in the excitonic properties of this group of materials were obtained from the measured dielectric function. In the nonlinear optical study, we observed a large enhancement of the second-harmonic signal from monolayers as compared to the bulk sample, a consequence of the breaking of the inversion symmetry present in the bulk. In addition to the results for monolayers, we describe the behavior of few-layer materials, where the symmetry properties change layer by layer. For monolayers (and samples of odd layer thickness with broken inversion symmetry), the strong and anisotropic second-harmonic response provides a simple optical probe of crystallographic orientation.
      In the magneto-optic study of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers, we demonstrate the induction of valley splitting and polarization by the application of an external magnetic field. The interaction of the valleys with the magnetic field reflects their non-zero magnetic moments, which are compared to theoretical models. We further clarify the electronic configuration of the charged excitons and important many-body corrections to the trion binding energy through the control of valley polarization achieved by the external magnetic field.
Bloch-Messiah reduction for twin beams of light
Creators: name: Horoshko, D. B.
name: La Volpe, L.
name: Arzani, F.
name: Treps, N.
name: Fabre, C.
name: Kolobov, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Bloch-Messiah reduction of parametric downconversion of light in the pulsed regime with a nondegenerate phase matching providing generation of twin beams. We find that in this case every squeezing eigenvalue has multiplicity at least two. We discuss the problem of ambiguity in the definition of the squeezing eigenmodes in this case and develop two approaches to unique determination of the latter. First, we show that the modal functions of the squeezing eigenmodes can be tailored from the Schmidt modes of the signal and idler beams. Alternatively, they can be found as a solution of an eigenvalue problem for an associated Hermitian squeezing matrix. We illustrate the developed theory by an example of frequency non-degenerate collinear twin beams generated in beta barium borate crystal. On this example we demonstrate how the squeezing eigenmodes can be approximated analytically on the basis of the Mehler's formula, extended to complex kernels. We show how the multiplicity of the eigenvalues and the structure of the eigenmodes are changed when the phase matching approaches the degeneracy in frequency.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, 1 theorem
Risk-based remedial planning for the abandoned Emerald Glacier Mill and Tailings Site
Creators: name: Dickin, R.C.
name: Phibbs, J.
name: Rankin, M.
name: Sanborn, M.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The Emerald Glacier Mill and Tailings Site is an abandoned, base metal, ore processing site located on Crown Land approximately 80 km southwest of Houston BC that was prioritized for remedial action by the BC Crown Contaminated Sites Program (CCSP). The investigations, analysis and decisions required for developing an effective, risk based, remedial plan to return the site to a safe, healthy forest environment are described. Field investigations were conducted in a progressive manner to identify and quantify physical and chemical risks to human health and the environment and to develop remedial objectives. Detailed quantitative risk assessment was conducted to identify and prioritize the various exposure pathways that warranted mitigation.. Sustainability issues and conflicts with remedial action were identified, such as maintaining intact forest and riparian vegetation along the creek. A risk based remedial plan was developed to address the following objectives: i) Prevent physical erosion and off-site migration of the tailings as suspended sediments; ii) Mitigate or eliminate contaminant exposure pathways that confer a high risk for the Site, including: a. Human Health - Remediate/manage site contamination to a state where future traditional or recreational human use will not cause unacceptable health risks, with specific consideration for ingestion of site water and locally harvested game; and b. Environmental Protection - Remediate/manage site contamination to a state where residual contaminated soil poses acceptable or tolerable risks to ecological receptors such as mammals, birds, soil invertebrates and plants. The risk management that involved physical remediation included: a) containment and capping of the tailings; b) capping of the ore processing and mill area; and, c) decommissioning of a small water supply dam on the creek upstream of the tailings facility. Environmental contamination that was not subject to physical remediation, due to lesser and tolerable risk or sustainability conflicts, included metals in groundwater, stream sediments and soil located in high value forest areas.
The moduli space of local homogeneous 3-geometries
Creators: name: Rainer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a canonical formulation of quantum gravity, the superspace of all possible 3-geometries on a Cauchy hypersurface of a 3+1-dimensional Lorentzian manifold plays a key role. While in the analogous 2+1-dimensional case the superspace of all Riemannian 2-geometries is well known, the structure of the superspace of all Riemannian 3-geometries has not yet been resolved at present. In this paper, an important subspace of the latter is disentangled: The superspace of local homogenous Riemannian 3-geometries. It is finite dimensional and can be factored by conformal scale dilations, with the flat space as the center of projection. The corresponding moduli space can be represented by homothetically normalized 3-geometries. By construction, this moduli space of the local homogenous 3-geometries is an algebraic variety. An explicit parametrization is given by characteristic scalar invariants of the Riemannian 3-geometry. Although the moduli space is not locally Euclidean, it is a Hausdorff space. Nevertheless, its topology is compatible with the non-Hausdorffian topology of the space of all Bianchi-Lie algebras, which characterize the moduli modulo differences in their anisotropy.
description: lecture presented at Pac. Conf. Grav. Cosm. (Feb. 1996, Seoul), 5 pages, latex (+3 figures available as hardcopy)
Leptonesiotes Blake 1958
Creators: name: Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam
name: Clark, Shawn M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Leptonesiotes

description: Genus Leptonesiotes Blake, 1958
Leptonesiotes Blake, 1958: 75 (type species Diabrotica cyanospila Suffrian, 1867, by original designation).
Remarks
This genus contains three extant species, all from Cuba. See Figs 108 and 202 for a habitus illustration and morphological details.A fossil species is known from Dominican amber (Santiago-Blay et al. 1996).
description: Published as part of Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam & Clark, Shawn M., 2022, New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), pp. 1-102 in European Journal of Taxonomy 842 on page 25, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.842.1945, http://zenodo.org/record/7222499
title: Ein in Deklinations- und Inklinationsrichtung kompensiertes Rubidium-Magnetometer
Creators: name: Siemann, H.
Publisher: name: Vieweg
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Abhandlungen der BWG
subject: 50

description: Es wird ein Variometer beschrieben, mit dem sich Änderungen des erdmagnetisehen Feldes in der Totalintensität F, der Deklination D und der Inklination I mit einer Empfindlichkeit und Langzeitkonstanz von 0,1 [gamma] digital und analog aufzeichnen lassen. Das Gerät enthält ein Rubidium-Magnetometer, das in Verbindung mit Zusatzfeldern und Regelkreisen Vektormessungen liefert.
Preheating in an Expanding Universe: Analytic Results for the Massless Case
Creators: name: Kaiser, David I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytic results are presented for preheating in both flat and open models of chaotic inflation, for the case of massless inflaton decay into further inflaton quanta. It is demonstrated that preheating in both these cases closely resembles that in Minkowski spacetime. Furthermore, quantitative differences between preheating in spatially-flat and open models of inflation remain of order $10^{-2}$ for the chaotic inflation initial conditions considered here.
description: 15pp, revtex. No figures. Very minor revisions; forthcoming in Phys Rev D
Strong bound between trace distance and Hilbert-Schmidt distance for low-rank states
Creators: name: Coles, Patrick J.
name: Cerezo, M.
name: Cincio, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The trace distance between two quantum states, $ρ$ and $σ$, is an operationally meaningful quantity in quantum information theory. However, in general it is difficult to compute, involving the diagonalization of $ρ- σ$. In contrast, the Hilbert-Schmidt distance can be computed without diagonalization, although it is less operationally significant. Here, we relate the trace distance and the Hilbert-Schmidt distance with a bound that is particularly strong when either $ρ$ or $σ$ is low rank. Our bound is stronger than the bound one could obtain via the norm equivalence of the Frobenius and trace norms. We also consider bounds that are useful not only for low-rank states but also for low-entropy states. Our results have relevance to quantum information theory, quantum algorithms design, and quantum complexity theory.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
A Symmetric Generalization of Linear Bäcklund Transformation associated with the Hirota Bilinear Difference Equation
Creators: name: Shinzawa, Nobuhiko
name: Saito, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hirota bilinear difference equation is generalized to discrete space of arbitrary dimension. Solutions to the nonlinear difference equations can be obtained via Bäcklund transformation of the corresponding linear problems.
description: Latex, 12 pages, 1 figure
Determination of the orbit spaces of non-coregular compact linear groups with one relation among the basic polynomial invariants in the $\hat P$-matrix approach
Creators: name: Sartori, G.
name: Valente, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Invariant functions under the transformations of a compact linear group $G$ acting in $\real^n$ can be expressed in terms of functions defined in the orbit space of $G$. We develop a method to determine the isotropy classes of the orbit spaces of all the real linear groups whose integrity bases (IB) satisfy only one independent relation. The method is tested for IB's formed by 3 (independent) basic invariants. The result is obtained through a metric matrix $\hat P(p)$, defined only from the scalar products between the gradients of a minimal IB. We determine the matrices $\wP(p)$ from a universal differential equation, which satisfy new convenient additional conditions, which fit for the non-coregular case. Our results may be relevant in physical contexts where the study of covariant or invariant functions is important, like in the determination of patterns of spontaneous symmetry breaking in quantum field theory, in the analysis of phase spaces and structural phase transitions (Landau's theory), in covariant bifurcation theory, in crystal field theory and so on.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures, latex