cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optical absorption in interacting and nonlinear Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Bertrand, Simon
name: Garate, Ion
name: Côté, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently predicted that the interplay between Coulomb interactions and Berry curvature can produce interesting optical phenomena in topologically nontrivial two-dimensional insulators. Here, we present a theory of the optical absorption for three-dimensional, hole-doped Weyl semimetals. We find that the Berry curvature, Coulomb interactions and the nonlinearity in the single-particle energy spectrum can together enable a light-induced valley polarization. We support and supplement our numerical results with an analytical toy model calculation, which unveils topologically nontrivial Mahan excitons with nonzero vorticity.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures (submitted)
Spin-wave spectroscopy on Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in room-temperature chiral magnets hosting skyrmions
Creators: name: Takagi, R.
name: Morikawa, D.
name: Karube, K.
name: Kanazawa, N.
name: Shibata, K.
name: Tatara, G.
name: Tokunaga, Y.
name: Arima, T.
name: Taguchi, Y.
name: Tokura, Y.
name: Seki, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagation character of spin wave was investigated for chiral magnets FeGe and Co-Zn-Mn alloys, which can host magnetic skyrmions near room temperature. On the basis of the frequency shift between counter-propagating spin waves, the magnitude and sign of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction were directly evaluated. The obtained magnetic parameters quantitatively account for the size and helicity of skyrmions as well as their materials variation, proving that the DM interaction plays a decisive role in the skyrmion formation in this class of room-temperature chiral magnets. The propagating spin-wave spectroscopy can thus be an efficient tool to study DM interaction in bulk single-phase compounds. Our results also demonstrate a function of spin-wave diode based on chiral crystal structures at room temperature.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, 1 table (Supplementary Material included)
Fiber networks below the isostatic point: fracture without stress concentration
Creators: name: Zhang, Leyou
name: Rocklin, D. Zeb
name: Sander, Leonard M.
name: Mao, Xiaoming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crack nucleation is a ubiquitous phenomena during materials failure, because stress focuses on crack tips. It is known that exceptions to this general rule arise in the limit of strong disorder or vanishing mechanical stability, where stress distributes over a divergent length scale and the material displays diffusive damage. Here we show, using simulations, that a class of diluted lattices displays a new critical phase when they are below isostaticity, where stress never concentrates, damage always occurs over a divergent length scale, and catastrophic failure is avoided.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Accessibility and Delay in Random Temporal Networks
Creators: name: Tajbakhsh, Shahriar Etemadi
name: Coon, Justin P.
name: Simmons, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a wide range of complex networks, the links between the nodes are temporal and may sporadically appear and disappear. This temporality is fundamental to analyze the formation of paths within such networks. Moreover, the presence of the links between the nodes is a random process induced by nature in many real-world networks. In this paper, we study random temporal networks at a microscopic level and formulate the \emph{probability of accessibility} from a node \emph{i} to a node \emph{j} after a certain number of discrete time units $T$. While solving the original problem is computationally intractable, we provide an upper and two lower bounds on this probability for a very general case with arbitrary time-varying probabilities of links' existence. Moreover, for a special case where the links have identical probabilities across the network at each time slot, we obtain the exact probability of accessibility between any two nodes. Finally, we discuss scenarios where the information regarding the presence and absence of links is initially available in the form of time duration (of presence or absence intervals) continuous probability distributions rather than discrete probabilities over time slots. We provide a method for transforming such distributions to discrete probabilities which enables us to apply the given bounds in this paper to a broader range of problem settings.
Evolution of X-ray galaxy Cluster Properties in a Representative Sample (EXCPReS). Optimal binning for temperature profile extraction
Creators: name: Chen, C. M. H.
name: Arnaud, M.
name: Pointecouteau, E.
name: Pratt, G. W.
name: Iqbal, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present XMM-Newton observations of a representative X-ray selected sample of 31 galaxy clusters at moderate redshift $(0.4
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics in press
Single-domain ferromagnet of noncentrosymmetric uniaxial magnetic ions and magnetoelectric interaction
Creators: name: Koo, Hyun-Joo
name: Gordon, Elijah E.
name: Whangbo, Myung-Hwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The feasibility of a single-domain ferromagnet based on uniaxial magnetic ions was examined. For a noncentrosymmetric uniaxial magnetic ion of magnetic moment at a site of local electric dipole moment p, it is unknown to date whether the magnetic moment prefers to be parallel or antiparallel to the electric dipole moment. The nature of this magnetoelectric interaction was probed in terms of analogical reasoning based on the Rashba effect and density functional calculations. We show that the magnetic and electric dipole moments prefer an antiparallel arrangement, predict that Fe-doped CaZnOS is a single-domain ferromagnet like a bar magnet, and find the probable cause for the ferromagnetism and weak magnetization hysteresis in Fe-doped hexagonal ZnO and ZnS at very low dopant concentrations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, supporting information
On the degrees of freedom count on singular phase space submanifolds
Creators: name: Golovnev, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss singular loci in the phase spaces of theories which lack globally well-defined numbers of dynamical modes. This is a topic which appears quite often in the recent literature on modified gravity. In particular, there were discussions about $R^2$ gravity around Minkowski space. It is a relatively simple case, and still there were some confusions. It clearly shows that one should be very accurate when trying to understand a potentially problematic theory through perturbations around a simply looking background. At the same time, many modern teleparallel approaches are laden with even more severe issues. Therefore, it is a topic which is certainly worth carefully thinking about.
description: 22 pages; minor changes; the final version
Information sur un charivari fait à Pia avant 1914
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2022

Abstract
AFLOTUN QONUNLARI MOHIYATI.
Creators: name: Xolboyeva, Sharofatxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada Abu Nasr Farobiyning “ Fozil odamlar shahri asaridagi Aflotun qonunlarining mohiyatining tahlili haqida fikr yurutilgan.
Qing Dynasty Official Documents as a Genre for Developing Ontologies for Digital Humanities Research
Creators: name: Chen, Shu-Jiun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Digital Humanities
Named Entity Recognition
NER
Qing Dynasty

description: The poster presents a study centering around a research project on the archives of secret societies during the Qing Dynasty in China, with a focus on investigating the design for knowledge organization in digital humanities research. The process of knowledge organization is crucial throughout the entire research endeavor and requires extensive collaboration among research teams specializing in history, library and information studies, and information engineering. In this study, the Qing Dynasty official documents are treated as a distinct genre. The primary objective is to dissect the key characteristics of this genre, encompassing its form, content, and function, to facilitate the development of metadata, ontologies, and machine learning applications, such as Named Entity Recognition (NER).
On five-dimensional massive (bi-)gravity
Creators: name: Do, Tuan Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Main results of our recent investigations on five-dimensional scenarios of massive (bi-)gravity will be summarized in this article. In particular, we will show how to construct higher dimensional massive graviton terms from the characteristic equation of square matrix, which is a consequence of the Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Then, we will show whether massive graviton terms of five-dimensional massive (bi-)gravity behave as effective cosmological constants for a number of physical metrics compatible with fiducial ones such as the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker, Bianchi type I, and Schwarzschild-Tangherlini metrics. Finally, we will show the corresponding cosmological solutions for the five-dimensional massive (bi-)gravity.
description: 13 pages, no figures, this is a brief summary of our recent works published in two papers 1602.05672 and 1604.07568. To appear in the Proceedings of the 41st National Conference on Theoretical Physics (NCTP) of Vietnam, Nha Trang, Vietnam, 1-4 Aug., 2016
Luther-Emery liquid and dominant singlet superconductivity in the hole-doped Haldane spin-1 chain
Creators: name: Laurell, Pontus
name: Herbrych, Jacek
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo
name: Dagotto, Elbio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the pairing tendencies in the hole-doped Haldane spin-1 chain. To allow for doping, we extend the original spin chain Hamiltonian into a fermionic model involving a two-orbital Hubbard chain at intermediate or strong repulsive interaction strengths $U$, and for degenerate orbitals. At half-filling and large $U$, the ferromagnetic Hund's coupling, $J_\mathrm{H}$, generates effective spin-$1$ moments, with antiferromagnetic correlations between sites. Using large-scale density matrix renormalization group calculations, we study accurately the system's behavior under light hole-doping. For $U=1.6$ in units of the non-interacting bandwidth and for $J_\mathrm{H}/U\gtrsim 0.275$ we find that singlet pairing dominates the long-distance physics, establishing this system as a promising platform for repulsively mediated superconductivity. We provide concrete examples of materials that could realize the physics described here. We also provide evidence that the system approaches a Luther-Emery liquid state at large system sizes, reminiscent of the behavior of doped one-orbital two-leg ladders at weak coupling, which also have superconducting tendencies. The numerically calculated central charge approaches one in the thermodynamic limit, indicating a single gapless mode as is expected for the Luther-Emery state. Exponents characterizing the power-law decays of singlet pair-pair and charge density-density correlations are determined, and found to approximately satisfy the Luther-Emery identity.
description: Main text: 10 pages, 9 figures. Supplementary: 4 pages, 2 figures
Object Discovery via Cohesion Measurement
Creators: name: Guo, Guanjun
name: Wang, Hanzi
name: Zhao, Wan-Lei
name: Yan, Yan
name: Li, Xuelong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Color and intensity are two important components in an image. Usually, groups of image pixels, which are similar in color or intensity, are an informative representation for an object. They are therefore particularly suitable for computer vision tasks, such as saliency detection and object proposal generation. However, image pixels, which share a similar real-world color, may be quite different since colors are often distorted by intensity. In this paper, we reinvestigate the affinity matrices originally used in image segmentation methods based on spectral clustering. A new affinity matrix, which is robust to color distortions, is formulated for object discovery. Moreover, a Cohesion Measurement (CM) for object regions is also derived based on the formulated affinity matrix. Based on the new Cohesion Measurement, a novel object discovery method is proposed to discover objects latent in an image by utilizing the eigenvectors of the affinity matrix. Then we apply the proposed method to both saliency detection and object proposal generation. Experimental results on several evaluation benchmarks demonstrate that the proposed CM based method has achieved promising performance for these two tasks.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
Polaronic polariton quasiparticles in a dark excitonic medium
Creators: name: Choo, Kenneth
name: Bleu, Olivier
name: Levinsen, Jesper
name: Parish, Meera M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exciton polaritons are hybrid particles of excitons (bound electron-hole pairs) and cavity photons, which are renowned for displaying Bose Einstein condensation and other coherent phenomena at elevated temperatures. However, their formation in semiconductor microcavities is often accompanied by the appearance of an incoherent bath of optically dark excitonic states that can interact with polaritons via their matter component. Here we show that the presence of such a dark excitonic medium can "dress" polaritons with density fluctuations to form coherent polaron-like quasiparticles, thus fundamentally modifying their character. We employ a many-body Green's function approach that naturally incorporates correlations beyond the standard mean-field theories applied to this system. With increasing exciton density, we find a reduction in the light-matter coupling that arises from the polaronic dressing cloud rather than any saturation induced by the fermionic constituents of the exciton. In particular, we observe the strongest effects when the spin of the polaritons is opposite that of the excitonic medium. In this case, the coupling to light generates an additional polaron quasiparticle - the biexciton polariton - which emerges due to the dark-exciton counterpart of a polariton Feshbach resonance. Our results can explain recent experiments on polariton interactions in two-dimensional semiconductors and potentially provide a route to tailoring the properties of exciton polaritons and their correlations.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
THE CONCEPT OF THE INFORMED SOCIETY AND ITS SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL DESCRIPTION
Creators: name: Osarov, Farrukh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article talks about the historical evolution of the concept of information, information society, its origins, and its essence. Also, this article analyzes the historical facts, socio-philosophical reasons and current processes related to the origin of the concept of information society.
Spectrally tunable linear polarization rotation using stacked metallic metamaterials
Creators: name: Romain, Xavier
name: Baida, Fadi
name: Boyer, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the transmission properties of a stack of metallic metamaterials and show that is able to achieve a perfect transmission selectively exhibiting broadband ($Q<10$) or extremely narrowband ($Q>10^5$) polarization rotation. We especially highlight how the arrangement of the stacked structure, as well as the metamaterial unit cell geometry, can highly influence the transmission in the spectral domain. For this purpose, we use an extended analytical Jones formalism that allows us to get a rigorous and analytical expression of the transmission. Such versatile structures could find potential applications in polarimetry or in the control of the light polarization for THz waves.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
$d$-Orbital Topological Insulator and Semimetal in Antifluorite Cu$_2$S Family: Contrasting Spin Helicities, Nodal Box, and Hybrid Surface States
Creators: name: Sheng, Xian-Lei
name: Yu, Zhi-Ming
name: Yu, Rui
name: Weng, Hongming
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal a class of three-dimensional $d$-orbital topological materials in the antifluorite Cu$_2$S family. Derived from the unique properties of low-energy $t_{2g}$ states, their phases are solely determined by the sign of spin-orbit coupling (SOC): topological insulator for negative SOC, whereas topological semimetal for positive SOC; both having Dirac-cone surface states but with contrasting helicities. With broken inversion symmetry, the semimetal becomes one with a nodal box consisting of butterfly-shaped nodal lines that are robust against SOC. Further breaking the tetrahedral symmetry by strain leads to an ideal Weyl semimetal with four pairs of Weyl points. Interestingly, the Fermi arcs coexist with a surface Dirac cone on the (010) surface, as required by a $Z_2$-invariant.
description: 5+2 pages, 5+2 figures
Kinetic discrimination of a polymerase in the presence of obstacles
Creators: name: Bogod, Ilana
name: Rahav, Saar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the causes of high fidelity of copying in biological systems is kinetic discrimination. In this mechanism larger dissipation and copying velocity result in improved copying accuracy. We consider a model of a polymerase which simultaneously copies a single stranded RNA and opens a single- to double-stranded junction serving as an obstacle. The presence of the obstacle slows down the motor, resulting in a change of its fidelity, which can be used to gain information about the motor and junction dynamics. We find that the motor's fidelity does not depend on details of the motor-junction interaction, such as whether the interaction is passive or active. Analysis of the copying fidelity can still be used as a tool for investigating the junction kinetics.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Evolution and fluctuations of chiral chemical potential in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Kovalenko, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possible appearance of the effects of local parity breaking in the QCD medium formed in heavy ion collisions due to violation of chiral symmetry can be quantified by corresponding chiral chemical potential $μ_5$. The experimental observables sensitive to the effects of local parity violation in strong interaction include search for polarisation splitting of the $ρ_0$ and $ω_0$ mesons via angular dependence of spectral functions in their decay to leptons. In this paper we study the space-time evolution and fluctuations of $μ_5$ using relativistic hydrodynamics and estimate their effect on the light vector meson polarization splitting in Pb-Pb collisions at LHC energy.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Int. J. Mod. Phys. E
THE EXPRESSION OF GERMAN PHRASEOLOGY IN SPEECH: DEPTH AND DIVERSITY OF LINGUISTIC EXPRESSION
Creators: name: Mustafoyeva, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The phraseology of the German language is a unique combination of historical heritage, cultural characteristics, and linguistic skills. Deep-rooted idioms that have been passed down through the ages play an important role in contemporary German speech. They enrich the language, provide expressiveness, and help shape the cognitive maps of language users.
A Globally Linearly Convergent Method for Pointwise Quadratically Supportable Convex-Concave Saddle Point Problems
Creators: name: Luke, D. Russell
name: Shefi, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J52, 49M20, 90C26

description: We study the \emph{Proximal Alternating Predictor-Corrector} (PAPC) algorithm introduced recently by Drori, Sabach and Teboulle to solve nonsmooth structured convex-concave saddle point problems consisting of the sum of a smooth convex function, a finite collection of nonsmooth convex functions and bilinear terms. We introduce the notion of pointwise quadratic supportability, which is a relaxation of a standard strong convexity assumption and allows us to show that the primal sequence is R-linearly convergent to an optimal solution and the primal-dual sequence is globally Q-linearly convergent. We illustrate the proposed method on total variation denoising problems and on locally adaptive estimation in signal/image deconvolution and denoising with multiresolution statistical constraints.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures
The Making of Early Colonial India: A Geographical Synthesis of Early European Colonial Engagements in India, 1498-1857
Creators: name: Anavkar, Ishaan
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023

description: In popular opinion, the “colonial period” of Indian history is said to have begun in the mid-19th century with the Sepoy Mutiny or Indian Rebellion of 1857, after which the control of India was transferred from the hands of the British East India Company to the British Crown to be governed directly as a Crown Colony: the British Raj. However, it is clear to scholars that the seeds of colonial rule had been planted in India well before 1857, as the East India Company had begun to establish administrative, military, economic, and social control over the subcontinent nearly a century earlier. India was already unified when the Crown took over, yet the geographical processes that went into making India whole are often taken for granted. Pre-1857 colonialism was inextricably tied to some of the greatest transformations in colonial India’s geography and history, from the fall of the Mughal Empire to the rise of the British East India Company to the formation of modern Indian identities. To understand the subcontinent the British Crown inherited, it is critical to study in detail the foundations that led up to the Crown’s takeover. Crucially, studying this period through the perspective of historical geography helps us gain a better understanding of its spatial dimensions through an examination of scale, structure, tension, and change in the landscape. This thesis intends to provide a fresh, spatially intensive perspective with which to reframe the nature of colonial settlements in India in 1498-1857 by synthesizing what research is available. To this end, the paper offers a critical analysis of the different ways in which Indian geography was utilized and represented by colonial powers, reconceptualizing the ways in which we understand the nature of early colonial India. This thesis is thus an exploration of the transformations in the configuration of European colonial powers in India between 1498-1857 and the rise of the British over other European powers, which were informed by differentiations in spatial elements such as settlement patterns, natural land usage, imperial policies, economic development, and urban evolution. Examining these phenomena allows us to draw insightful conclusions on the greater geographical interactions and processes that typified European colonial projects across India.
Large Language Models for Intent-Driven Session Recommendations
Creators: name: Sun, Zhu
name: Liu, Hongyang
name: Qu, Xinghua
name: Feng, Kaidong
name: Wang, Yan
name: Ong, Yew-Soon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intent-aware session recommendation (ISR) is pivotal in discerning user intents within sessions for precise predictions. Traditional approaches, however, face limitations due to their presumption of a uniform number of intents across all sessions. This assumption overlooks the dynamic nature of user sessions, where the number and type of intentions can significantly vary. In addition, these methods typically operate in latent spaces, thus hinder the model's transparency.Addressing these challenges, we introduce a novel ISR approach, utilizing the advanced reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). First, this approach begins by generating an initial prompt that guides LLMs to predict the next item in a session, based on the varied intents manifested in user sessions. Then, to refine this process, we introduce an innovative prompt optimization mechanism that iteratively self-reflects and adjusts prompts. Furthermore, our prompt selection module, built upon the LLMs' broad adaptability, swiftly selects the most optimized prompts across diverse domains. This new paradigm empowers LLMs to discern diverse user intents at a semantic level, leading to more accurate and interpretable session recommendations. Our extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, marking a significant advancement in ISR systems.
Maximum matchings in scale-free networks with identical degree distribution
Creators: name: Li, Huan
name: Zhang, Zhongzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The size and number of maximum matchings in a network have found a large variety of applications in many fields. As a ubiquitous property of diverse real systems, power-law degree distribution was shown to have a profound influence on size of maximum matchings in scale-free networks, where the size of maximum matchings is small and a perfect matching often does not exist. In this paper, we study analytically the maximum matchings in two scale-free networks with identical degree sequence, and show that the first network has no perfect matchings, while the second one has many. For the first network, we determine explicitly the size of maximum matchings, and provide an exact recursive solution for the number of maximum matchings. For the second one, we design an orientation and prove that it is Pfaffian, based on which we derive a closed-form expression for the number of perfect matchings. Moreover, we demonstrate that the entropy for perfect matchings is equal to that corresponding to the extended Sierpiński graph with the same average degree as both studied scale-free networks. Our results indicate that power-law degree distribution alone is not sufficient to characterize the size and number of maximum matchings in scale-free networks.
Density-density correlation functions of chiral Luttinger liquids with a point-contact impurity
Creators: name: Babu, Nikhil Danny
name: Setlur, Girish S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density-density correlation functions (most singular parts) of chiral Luttinger liquids forming the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) edge are systematically derived in presence of a point-contact junction acting as a localised scalar impurity and are shown to be expressible as compact analytical functions with second order poles and involving the bare scale-independent reflection and transmission coefficients. The results are validated on comparison with standard fermionic perturbation theory. The linear response Hall conductance in the absence of a point-contact is recovered from the obtained density-density correlation functions (DDCF). The system under consideration is inhomogeneous with broken translational invariance and for such systems in one dimension, the connected moments of the density fluctuation operator beyond second order need not be included in order to retrieve the most singular parts of the correlations. The reason being that all odd moments of the density are zero and all higher order even moments are less singular than the quadratic moment. The implications of these results when used in conjunction with bosonization methods in presence of impurity backscattering is briefly discussed.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Specific heats of degenerate ideal gases
Creators: name: Caruso, Francisco
name: Oguri, Vitor
name: Silveira, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From arguments based on Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and Pauli's exclusion principle, the molar specific heats of degenerate ideal gases at low temperatures are estimated, giving rise to values consistent with the Nerst-Planck Principle (third law of Thermodynamics). The Bose-Einstein condensation phenomenon based on the behavior of specific heat of massive and non-relativistic boson gases is also presented.
description: 20 pages, in Portuguese, 7 figures
A LINGUISTIC STUDY OF MINING TERMS
Creators: name: Xakimova, Dilrabo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Terminology mining represents a significant advancement in terminology extraction and involves acquiring and structuring potential terms. Our approach to terminology mining is based on linguistic criteria and a combination of computational methods. In this process, we focus on acquiring complex terms, discovering new terms, and structuring the acquired potential terms. Initially, we provide linguistic specifications for French terms and create a typology of base terms and their variations. Emphasis is placed on effectively handling term variations to construct linguistic structure, identify advanced lexicalization, and optimize the representation of potential term occurrences. Subsequently, we discuss the implemented computational methods, including shallow parsing, morphological analysis, learning morphological rules, and lexical statistics. Finally, we introduce the ACABIT system (Automatic Corpus-Based Acquisition of Binary Terms), outlining its architecture, supported languages, and functions for identifying base terms and their variations.
Center-to-limb observations of the Sun with ALMA
Creators: name: Alissandrakis, C. E.
name: Patsourakos, S.
name: Nindos, A.
name: Bastian, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the center-to-limb variation of the brightness temperature, $T_b$, from ALMA full-disk images at two frequencies and inverted the solution of the transfer equation to obtain the electron temperature, $T_e$ as a function of optical depth, $τ$. The ALMA images are very similar to AIA images at 1600Å. The brightness temperature at the center of the disk is 6180 and 7250 K at 239 and 100 GHz respectively, with dispersions of 100 and 170 K. Plage regions stand out clearly in the 239/100 GHz intensity ratio, while faculae and filament lanes do not. The solar disk radius, reduced to 1 AU, is $961.1\pm2.5$ arcsec and $964.1\pm4.5$ arcsec at 239 and 100 GHz respectively. A slight but statistically significant limb brightening is observed at both frequencies. The inversion of the center-to-limb curves shows that $T_e$ varies linearly with the logarithm of optical depth for $0.34
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Temperature of maximum density and excess properties of short-chain alcohol aqueous solutions: A simplified model simulation study
Creators: name: Furlan, A. P.
name: Lomba, E.
name: Barbosa, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an extensive computational study of binary mixtures of water and short-chain alcohols resorting to two-scale potential models to account for the singularities of hydrogen bonded liquids. Water molecules are represented by a well studied core softened potential which is known to qualitatively account for a large number of water's characteristic anomalies. Along the same lines, alcohol molecules are idealized by dimers in which the hydroxyl groups interact with each other and with water with a core softened potential as well. Interactions involving non-polar groups are all deemed purely repulsive. We find that the qualitative behavior of excess properties (excess volume, enthalpy and constant pressure heat capacity) agrees with that found experimentally for alcohols such as t-butanol in water. Moreover, we observe that our simple solute under certain conditions acts as an "structure-maker", in the sense that the temperature of maximum density of the bulk water model increases as the solute is added, i.e. the anomalous behavior of the solvent is enhanced by the solute.
Entropy production in the mesoscopic-leads formulation of quantum thermodynamics
Creators: name: Lacerda, Artur M.
name: Kewming, Michael J.
name: Brenes, Marlon
name: Jackson, Conor
name: Clark, Stephen R.
name: Mitchison, Mark T.
name: Goold, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the entropy production of systems strongly coupled to thermal baths is a core problem of both quantum thermodynamics and mesoscopic physics. While there exist many techniques to accurately study entropy production in such systems, they typically require a microscopic description of the baths, which can become numerically intractable to study for large systems. Alternatively an open-systems approach can be employed with all the nuances associated with various levels of approximation. Recently, the mesoscopic leads approach has emerged as a powerful method for studying such quantum systems strongly coupled to multiple thermal baths. In this method, a set of discretised lead modes, each locally damped, provide a Markovian embedding. Here we show that this method proves extremely useful to describe entropy production of a strongly coupled open quantum system. We show numerically, for both non-interacting and interacting setups, that a system coupled to a single bath exhibits a thermal fixed point at the level of the embedding. This allows us to use various results from the thermodynamics of quantum dynamical semi-groups to infer the non-equilibrium thermodynamics of the strongly coupled, non-Markovian central systems. In particular, we show that the entropy production in the transient regime recovers the well established microscopic definitions of entropy production with a correction that can be computed explicitly for both the single- and multiple-lead cases.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Final author version
Nontrivial Berry phase in magnetic BaMnSb2 semimetal
Creators: name: Huang, Silu
name: Kim, Jisun
name: Shelton, W. A.
name: Plummer, E. W.
name: Jin, Rongying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The subject of topological materials has attracted immense attention in condensed-matter physics, because they host new quantum states of matter containing Dirac, Majorana, or Weyl fermions. Although Majorana fermions can only exist on the surface of topological superconductors, Dirac and Weyl fermions can be realized in both 2D and 3D materials. The latter are semimetals with Dirac/Weyl cones either not tilted (type I) or tilted (type II). Although both Dirac and Weyl fermions have massless nature with the nontrivial Berry phase, the formation of Weyl fermions in 3D semimetals require either time-reversal or inversion symmetry breaking to lift degeneracy at Dirac points. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that canted antiferromagnetic BaMnSb2 is a 3D Weyl semimetal with a 2D electronic structure. The Shubnikov-de Hass oscillations of the magnetoresistance give nearly zero effective mass with high mobility and the nontrivial Berry phase. The ordered magnetic arrangement (ferromagnetic ordering in the ab plane and antiferromagnetic ordering along the c axis below 286 K) breaks the time-reversal symmetry, thus offering us an ideal platform to study magnetic Weyl fermions in a centrosymmetric material.
Holographic two-point functions for Janus interfaces in the $D1/D5$ CFT
Creators: name: Chiodaroli, Marco
name: Estes, John
name: Korovin, Yegor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates scalar perturbations in the top-down supersymmetric Janus solutions dual to conformal interfaces in the $D1/D5$ CFT, finding analytic closed-form solutions. We obtain an explicit representation of the bulk-to-bulk propagator and extract the two-point correlation function of the dual operator with itself, whose form is not fixed by symmetry alone. We give an expression involving the sum of conformal blocks associated with the bulk-defect operator product expansion and briefly discuss finite-temperature extensions. To our knowledge, this is the first two-point function computation for a fully-backreacted, top-down holographic defect.
description: 30 pages, PDFLaTex
Quantum multi-anomaly detection
Creators: name: Llorens, Santiago
name: Sentís, Gael
name: Muñoz-Tapia, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A source assumed to prepare a specified reference state sometimes prepares an anomalous one. We address the task of identifying these anomalous states in a series of $n$ preparations with $k$ anomalies. We analyze the minimum-error protocol and the zero-error (unambiguous) protocol and obtain closed expressions for the success probability when both reference and anomalous states are known to the observer and anomalies can appear equally likely in any position of the preparation series. We find the solution using results from association schemes theory, thus establishing a connection between graph theory and quantum hypothesis testing. In particular, we use the Johnson association scheme which arises naturally from the Gram matrix of this problem. We also study the regime of large $n$ and obtain the expression of the success probability that is non-vanishing. Finally, we address the case in which the observer is blind to the reference and the anomalous states. This scenario requires a universal protocol for which we prove that in the asymptotic limit, the success probability corresponds to the average of the known state scenario.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Tailoring supercurrent confinement in graphene bilayer weak links
Creators: name: Kraft, Rainer
name: Mohrmann, Jens
name: Du, Renjun
name: Selvasundaram, Pranauv Balaji
name: Irfan, Muhammad
name: Kanilmaz, Umut Nefta
name: Wu, Fan
name: Beckmann, Detlef
name: von Löhneysen, Hilbert
name: Krupke, Ralph
name: Akhmerov, Anton
name: Gornyi, Igor
name: Danneau, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Josephson effect is one of the most studied macroscopic quantum phenomena in condensed matter physics and has been an essential part of the quantum technologies development over the last decades. It is already used in many applications such as magnetometry, metrology, quantum computing, detectors or electronic refrigeration. However, developing devices in which the induced superconductivity can be monitored, both spatially and in its magnitude, remains a serious challenge. In this work, we have used local gates to control confinement, amplitude and density profile of the supercurrent induced in one-dimensional nanoscale constrictions, defined in bilayer graphene-hexagonal boron nitride van der Waals heterostructures. The combination of resistance gate maps, out-of-equilibrium transport, magnetic interferometry measurements, analytical and numerical modelling enables us to explore highly tunable superconducting weak links. Our study opens the path way to design more complex superconducting circuits based on this principle such as electronic interferometers or transition-edge sensors.
Generating a resonance-like structure in the reaction $B_c\to B_s ππ$
Creators: name: Liu, Xiao-Hai
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the process $B_c^+\to B_s^0π^+π^0$ via $B\bar{K}^*$ rescattering. The kinematic conditions for triangle singularities are perfectly satisfied in the rescattering diagrams. A resonance-like structure around the $B\bar{K}$ threshold, which we denote as $X(5777)$, is predicted to be present in the invariant mass distribution of $B_s^0 π^+$. Because the relative weak $B\bar{K}$ $(I=1)$ interaction does not support the existence of a dynamically generated hadronic molecule, the $X(5777)$ can be identified as a pure kinematical effect due to the triangle singularity. Its observation may help to establish a non-resonance interpretation for some $XYZ$ particles.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Rotational states of an asymmetric vortex pair with mass imbalance in binary condensates
Creators: name: Bellettini, Alice
name: Richaud, Andrea
name: Penna, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider massive vortices in binary condensates, where the immiscibility condition entails the trapping of the minority component in the vortex cores of the majority component. We study such vortices by means of a 2D point-like model, and show how the relevant dynamical equations exhibit vortex-pair solutions characterized by different vortex masses and circular orbits of different radii $a$ and $b$. These solutions are validated by the simulations of the Gross-Pitaevskii equations for binary condensates. After examining the properties of vortex-pair rotational frequency $Ω$ as a function of the vortex masses for a given pair geometry, we define the rotational-state diagram $\cal D$, describing all the possible vortex-pair solutions in terms of the orbit radii at given $Ω$. This includes solutions with equal-mass pairs but $a \ne b$ or with one of the two masses (or both) equal to zero. Also, we analytically find the minimum value of $Ω$ for the existence of such solutions, and obtain numerically the critical frequency $Ω_c$ below which $\cal D$ changes its structure and the transition to an unstable vortex-pair regime takes place. Our work highlights an indirect measurement scheme to infer the vortex masses from orbits radii $a$ and $b$, and a link between the vortex masses and the vortex-pair small-oscillation properties.
description: 16 pages, 24 figures
Interaction of Tollmien-Schlichting Waves in the Air with the Sea Surface
Creators: name: Sajjadi, Shahrdad G.
name: Khanal, Harihar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear stability of fully developed flows of air over water is carried out in order to study non-linear effects in the generation of solitons by wind. A linear stability analysis of the basic flow is made and the conditions at which solitons first begin to grow is determined. Then, following [10], the non-linear stability of the flow is examined and the quintic non-linear Schrödinger equation is derived for the amplitude of disturbances. The coefficients of the non-linear Schrödinger equation are calculated from the eigenvalue problem which determines the stability of air-water interface. An asymptotic and a numerical stability analysis is carried out to determine the neutrally stable flow conditions for air-sea interface. Four different profiles are considered for the airflow blowing over the surface of the sea, namely, plane Couette flow (pCf), plane Poiseuille flow (pPf), laminar and turbulent boundary layer (L,TBL) profiles. For each of the above cases the shear flow counterpart in the water is assumed to be a pPf. It is shown that the above amplitude equation produces `snake' solitons [9] for pCf, pPf and LBL profiles, with striking similarities. On the other hand, for TBL we observe a very violent surface motion. For cases of pCf and LBL remarkable similarity is observed with observations made at sea. We conclude that the effect of nonlinearity in the airflow over the sea surface is much larger than nonlinear interactions in the water, and hence it is not possible to decouple the motion in the air and the water for finite amplitude wind-wave interactions, particularly in the case of wind-generated solitons in shallow waters.
description: 29 pages and 7 figures