cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ALMA's search for clean OFF positions for single dish observations
Creators: name: Verdugo, Celia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Single dish, or Total Power (TP), observations use an ON+OFF position switching observing mode. The ON positions are used for observing science target scans, whereas the OFF positions observe nearby "empty" regions of the sky, close to science targets, and are used for baseline subtraction on the target spectra, so they need to be free of line emission. Since Cycle 5 we in ALMA have been providing clean OFF positions for all TP science targets. For extragalactic targets, an offset of 10' in horizontal coordinates is adopted. For Galactic targets, the closest OFF position from the ALMA Calibrator Source Catalog (SC) is provided. If any of those positions do not meet the proximity criteria(*), a dedicated TP-OFF search campaign takes place. These TP observations are done mainly in Band 3 at 115.3 GHz, looking for Galactic CO(1-0) emission, although special observations at higher frequencies (the science target's representative frequency) have been done for cases where no CO-clean positions were found in B3 within the proximity criteria. Every newly found clean position is added to the catalog, enriching it more with each ALMA cycle. To this date we have a total of 226 clean positions in our catalog, spread out through the Galactic plane, and also covering some nearby GMCs, such as Orion, Lupus, Taurus and Ophiucus, and the Magellanic Clouds (see the below background image of this poster). Here we present the entire workflow of the campaigns, repeating with every ALMA cycle, the current status of the database and plans for the future.
DEP Bulletin:Volume 37 Issue 17
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The DEP bulletin is a semi-monthly publication of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. It contains a list of construction permit applications recently filed or acted upon by the Department along with a calendar of events of interest, a schedule of public hearings, and Environmental Impact Statements acted upon during the period.
Eigenrhythms: Drum pattern basis sets for classification and generation
Creators: name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
name: Arroyo, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Electrical engineering

description: We took a collection of 100 drum beats from popular music tracks and estimated the measure length and downbeat position of each one. Using these values, we normalized each pattern to form an ensemble of aligned drum patterns. Principal Component Analysis on this data set results in a set of basis 'patterns' that can be combined to give approximations and interpolations of all the examples. We use this low-dimension representation of the drum patterns as a space for classification and visualization, and discuss its application to generating continua of rhythms. Our classification results were very modest -- about 20% correct on a 10-way genre classification task -- but we show that the projection into principal component space reveals aspects of the rhythm that are largely orthogonal to genre but are still perceptually relevant.
Scaling behavior for a class of quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Wang, Wen-ge
name: Qin, Pinquan
name: Wang, Qian
name: Benenti, Giuliano
name: Casati, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for quantum phase transitions with a single bosonic zero mode at the critical point, like the Dicke model and the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, metric quantities such as fidelity, that is, the overlap between two ground states corresponding to two values $λ_1$ and $λ_2$ of the controlling parameter $λ$, only depend on the ratio $η=(λ_1-λ_c)/(λ_2-λ_c)$, where $λ=λ_c$ at the critical point. Such scaling property is valid also for time-dependent quantities such as the Loschmidt echo, provided time is measured in units of the inverse frequency of the critical mode.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, added new data and discussion
The Magnitude and Costs of Groundwater Contamination from Agricultural Chemicals: A National Perspective
Creators: name: Nielsen, Elizabeth G.
name: Lee, Linda K.
name: Nielsen, Elizabeth G.
name: Lee, Linda K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Groundwater contamination
subject: agricultural chemicals
subject: nitrates
subject: pesticides
subject: drinking water

description: The drinking water of an estimated 50 million people in the United States comes from groundwater that is potentially contaminated from agricultural chemicals. Approximately 19 million of these people get their water from private wells, which are most vulnerable. Findings (based on analysis of synthesized data sources) suggest that potential contamination follows regional trends. Evidence indicates that pesticides and nitrates from fertilizers do not necessarily occur together in potentially affected areas, implying a need to target strategies. First-time monitoring costs range from $0.9 billion to $2.2 billion for households with private wells (mostly in rural areas) and approximate $14 million for communities with community groundwater systems.
Using mutual information to design feature combinations
Creators: name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
name: Bilmes, Jeff A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Electrical engineering
Artificial intelligence

description: Combination of different feature streams is a well-established method for improving speech recognition performance. This empirical success, however, poses theoretical problems when trying to design combination systems: is it possible to predict which feature streams will combine most advantageously, and which of the many possible combination strategies will be most successful for the particular feature streams in question? We approach these questions with the tool of conditional mutual information (CMI), estimating the amount of information that one feature stream contains about the other, given knowledge of the correct subword unit label. We argue that CMI of the raw feature streams should be useful in deciding whether to merge them together as one large stream, or to feed them separately into independent classifiers for later combination; this is only weakly supported by our results. We also argue that CMI between the outputs of independent classifiers based on each stream should help predict which streams can be combined most beneficially. Our results confirm the usefulness of this measure.
Bobby Jindal, the Republican Strategists and the Last Battle
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Positioning Jindal to run in 2012, based on the notion that he could somehow become a Republican Obama, is more of a gimmick than a serious effort to move the party into the post-Bush era.
Georgia: Examining Possible Sovereign Futures and the Internationalization Option
Creators: name: Cooley, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: International relations

description: At a recent special panel on the Georgian crisis convened at the Bled Strategic Forum, European foreign ministers and representatives of international organizations lamented that they had failed to adequately engage Georgia's unresolved or "frozen conflicts." Since the early 1990s, the international community effectively ignored the disputes between Tbilisi and Abkhazia and South Ossetia, allowing tensions to fester until in early August the disputes escalated into a six-day war between Georgia and Russia. Russia's subsequent recognition of Abkhazia and South Ossetia independence has legally challenged Georgia's very territorial integrity and sovereign boundaries. While much of the West struggles to enforce a precarious ceasefire and formulate a common response to Russia's actions, it is worth considering the exact sovereign forms that might govern Georgia in the near future. Three options - indefinite occupation, formal partition or international administration - are possible; though all three pose risks, the internationalization option, the least discussed thus far, may offer the best blueprint for stabilizing the region and eventually resolving status issues.
The Carpentries: Teaching data science skills to researchers and people working in library- and information-related roles worldwide
Creators: name: Erdmann, Christopher
name: Simons, Natasha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Library Carpentry
The Carpentries
Data Science Skills
Australian Research Data Commons

description: In July 1998, Los Alamos National Laboratory hosted the very first Carpentries course, led by John Reynders, Brent Gorda, and Greg Wilson. After running several courses thereafter, the lessons they learned highlighted the growing demand from the research community for training in basic computing skills and that traditional educational opportunities did not entirely address these needs. Fast forward to 2018, there continues to be a tremendous demand from the research community to learn new computational approaches and improve their workflows leading to the growth of The Carpentries. Since 2012, The Carpentries has seen 58 Trainers badged and 1,480 Instructors certified who have taught 1,332 Carpentries workshops reaching over 37,000 learners in 44 countries. This talk will describe what we teach, why and how we teach it, the impact it's having, and what we're planning to do next.
Hydan: Hiding Information in Program Binaries
Creators: name: El-Khalil, Rakan
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present a scheme to steganographically embed information in x86 program binaries. We define sets of functionally-equivalent instructions, and use a key-derived selection process to encode information in machine code by using the appropriate instructions from each set. Such a scheme can be used to watermark (or fingerprint) code, sign executables, or simply create a covert communication channel. We experimentally measure the capacity of the covert channel by determining the distribution of equivalent instructions in several popular operating system distributions. Our analysis shows that we can embed only a limited amount of information in each executable (approximately 1110 bit encoding rate), although this amount is sufficient for some of the potential applications mentioned. We conclude by discussing potential improvements to the capacity of the channel and other future work.
Marine invertebrate and bacterial extract library screens for novel modulators of the glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptors
Creators: name: Merchant, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Type 2 diabetes is often associated with obesity and is characterized by high blood-glucose levels due to inadequate insulin secretion and/or action. One current treatment for type 2 diabetes and the associated obesity involves multiple daily injections of a peptide-drug targeting the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). GLP-1R activation stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion from β-cells, inhibits glucose-dependent glucagon (GCG) secretion from α-cells, slows gastric emptying and suppresses appetite, which normalizes blood-glucose levels and causes weight loss. Another hormone involved in glucose and fat metabolism, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), stimulates glucose-dependent insulin secretion from β-cells and the storage of fat in adipocytes. As such, both GIP receptor (GIPR) agonists and antagonists have been demonstrated to display therapeutic potential to treat diabetes and obesity. However, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GIP based treatments could be improved if oral drugs were discovered to replace the current injectable medications. In order to discover novel molecules that mimic these effects, we have screened marine invertebrate and bacterial extract compounds, as they generally contain functionally diverse and biologically active small molecules and are a source of many new drugs. A cell-based bioassay capable of measuring GLP-1R or GIPR activity via a luciferase reporter system was used to screen these compounds for receptor activity. Over 2000 compounds were screened in each of four separate bioassays (GLP-1R agonist screen, GLP-1R allosteric modulator screen, GIPR agonist screen and GIPR allosteric modulator/antagonist screen). These screens resulted in the identification of a GIPR antagonist, halistanol sulphate. Halistanol sulphate was demonstrated to be a selective antagonist of the GIPR as it concentration-dependently decreased activity in the GIP bioassay in the presence of GIP, but not in the absence of GIP or in the presence of GLP-1 in the GLP-1 bioassay. In addition, halistanol sulphate was shown to concentration-dependently block 125I-GIP binding to the GIPR, but only block 125I-GLP-1 and 125I-glucagon binding to their respective receptors at very high concentrations. Finally, halistanol sulphate also demonstrated the ability to modulate incretin induced insulin secretion from perifused mouse islets. Thus, halistanol sulphate displays potent antagonistic activity towards the GIPR in vitro, but still requires in vivo characterization.
Cross-Correlation of Beat-Synchronous Representations for Music Similarity
Creators: name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
name: Cotton, Courtenay Valentine
name: Mandel, Michael I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Electrical engineering
Artificial intelligence

description: Systems to predict human judgments of music similarity directly from the audio have generally been based on the global statistics of spectral feature vectors i.e. collapsing any large-scale temporal structure in the data. Based on our work in identifying alternative ("cover") versions of pieces, we investigate using direct correlation of beat-synchronous representations of music audio to find segments that are similar not only in feature statistics, but in the relative positioning of those features in tempo-normalized time. Given a large enough search database, good matches by this metric should have very high perceived similarity to query items. We evaluate our system through a listening test in which subjects rated system-generated matches as similar or not similar, and compared results to a more conventional timbral and rhythmic similarity baseline, and to random selections.
Arbeitsfähigkeit des Gesundheitspersonals mit Migrationshintergrund : eine Beobachtungsstudie im Querschnittsdesign
Creators: name: Beqiri, Petrit
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: In einer Beobachtungsstudie mit quantitativem Ansatz und deskriptivem Design wurden mit Hilfe des Screening-Instruments „WiN“ (Workability in Nursing) die unterschiedlichen Ausprägungen von Arbeitsfähigkeitsfaktoren zwischen Pflegepersonal mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund in deren Arbeitsumgebung überprüft. Dazu wurden Daten über Selbsteinschätzungsfragebögen von einheimischen Pflegekräften in kosovarischen (251) und deutschen Krankenhäusern (503) sowie kosovarischen Pflegekräften (60) in deutschen Krankenhäusern erhoben und verglichen. Die Datenkonsistenz wurde mit Cronbach‘s Alpha überprüft, der Einfluss von Kovariaten mit ANCOVA justiert und das allgemeine Signifikanzniveau mit einem multiplen Vergleichstest nach Bonferroni überprüft. Die Beobachtungsstudie stellte Unterschiede zwischen Pflegekräften mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund in Deutschland bezüglich der Auswirkungen arbeitsbedingter Belastungen bei insgesamt neun Faktoren der Arbeitsfähigkeit im Bereich Gesundheit, Anforderungen an Arbeitsorganisation, Führung und Umgebung fest. Um Ansätze zur nachhaltigen Förderung der Arbeitsfähigkeit bzw. Schadensvorbeugung für Pflegekräfte mit Migrationshintergrund gestalten zu können, bedarf es dringend einer Verbesserung der Datenlage und weiterer spezifischer Forschung.
description: In an observational study with a quantitative approach and descriptive design, data from native nurses in Kosovar hospitals (251) and German hospitals (503) as well as Kosovar nurses (60) in German hospitals were collected and compared by using the "WiN" (Workability in Nursing). The data consistency was checked by using Cronbach's Alpha, where the influence of covariate is adjusted with ANCOVA and the general significance level is checked with a Bonferroni multiple comparison test. The observational study found several differences between migrant and non-migrant nurses in Germany in terms of the impact of work-related stress, on a total of nine factors related to working skills in the field of health, work organization, leadership, and the work environment requirements. In order to be able to design approaches for the sustainable promotion of work ability for nurses with a migration background, there is an urgent need for improving the data situation as well as conduct further specific research on this field.
Gottheil, Richard James Horatio
Creators: name: Riedel, Dagmar A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Islamic civilization
Islam--Customs and practices

description: Gottheil, Richard James Horatio (b. 13 October 1862, Manchester, UK; d. 22 May 1936, New York City), a prolific scholar, an important academic teacher and administrator, as well as an influential public intellectual. Gottheil was professor of Semitic languages and rabbinical literature at Columbia University (1887-1936) and the first Chief of the Oriental Division of the New York Public Library (1897-1936).
DEP Bulletin:Volume 37 Issue 18
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The DEP bulletin is a semi-monthly publication of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. It contains a list of construction permit applications recently filed or acted upon by the Department along with a calendar of events of interest, a schedule of public hearings, and Environmental Impact Statements acted upon during the period.
Secondary metabolites of fungi – a key tool for understanding fungal ecology
Creators: name: Kolařík, Miroslav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: fungi, Geosmithia, bark beetles, mycoprotein

description: Miroslav Kolarik´s talk at the Westerdijk Spring Symposium: Rise of the Fungi, 18.4. 2023, Amsterdam
The Challenges of Hardware Synthesis from C-like Languages
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: The relentless increase in the complexity of integrated circuits we can fabricate imposes a continuing need for ways to describe complex hardware succinctly. Because of their ubiquity and flexibility, many have proposed to use the C and C++ languages as specification languages for digital hardware. Yet, tools based on this idea have seen little commercial interest. In this paper, I argue that C/C++ is a poor choice for specifying hardware for synthesis and suggest a set of criteria that the next successful hardware description language should have.
Eine Stadt als Bühne der Selbstinszenierung
Creators: name: Bartz, Jessica
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: Jessica Bartz [Eine Stadt als Bühne der Selbstinszenierung. Augustus‘ (im)mobile Bespielung Roms] wendet den Blick von den bekannten steinernen Ruinen Roms hin zu den temporären Bauten aus Holz. Die wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung damit bildet eine wichtige Ergänzung zur Erforschung des gebauten Raumes der Stadt. Ephemere Monumentalbauten müssen dabei anhand schriftlicher, archäologischer und historisch-politischer Zeugnisse erschlossen werden, um die Verschiebung weg von temporären Bauten hin zu permanenten Strukturen im späten 1. Jh. v.Chr. wirklich fassen zu können. Erst mit Aufkommen des Systems der Kaiserzeit scheint in Rom die notwendige Stabilität zu existieren, die in der Konsequenz zum Erfolg permanenter Monumentalbauten als Mittel der Selbstdarstellung der Kaiser führte.
DEP Bulletin:Volume 37 Issue 19
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The DEP bulletin is a semi-monthly publication of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. It contains a list of construction permit applications recently filed or acted upon by the Department along with a calendar of events of interest, a schedule of public hearings, and Environmental Impact Statements acted upon during the period.
Compiling SHIM
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
name: Vasudevan, Nalini
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Computer science

description: Embedded systems demand concurrency for supporting simultaneous actions in their environment and parallel hardware. Although most concurrent programming formalisms are prone to races and non-determinism, some, such as our SHIM (software/hardware integration medium) language, avoid them by design. In particular, the behavior of SHIM programs is scheduling-independent, meaning the I/O behavior of a program is independent of scheduling policies, including the relative execution rates of concurrent processes. The SHIM project demonstrates how a scheduling-independent language simplifies the design, optimization, and verification of concurrent systems. Through examples and discussion, we describe the SHIM language and code generation techniques for both shared-memory and message-passing architectures, along with some verification algorithms.
Protocol for systematically assessing the evidence of food contact chemicals monitored in humans
Creators: name: Geueke, Birgit
name: Parkinson, Lindsey V.
name: Dolenc, Jozica
name: Groh, Ksenia J.
name: Kassotis, Christopher D.
name: Maffini, Maricel V.
name: Martin, Olwenn V.
name: Zimmermann, L.
name: Muncke, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Protocol for systematically assessing the evidence of food contact chemicals monitored in humans
Augustus, the Aqua Augusta, and Water Politics in Early Imperial Campania & Irpinia
Creators: name: Peers, Max
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: Max Peers [Augustus, the Aqua Augusta, and Water Politics in Early Imperial Campania & Irpinia] widmet sich einem ebenfalls recht wenig beachtetem Thema, der Wasserversorgung. Während technische Aspekte dieser Meisterleistungen antiker Ingenieurskunst meist im Mittelpunkt wissenschaftlicher Untersuchungen stehen, untersucht Peers, welche Symbolkraft die Streckenführung von Aquädukten entwickeln konnte – und dass für den Anschluss abseits gelegener Orte ein erheblicher Aufwand in Kauf genommen wurde. Im Zentrum des Beitrages steht dabei die Aqua Augusta in Kampanien.
Protocol for assessing the evidence of food contact chemicals monitored in humans_v2.0
Creators: name: Geueke, Birgit
name: Parkinson, Lindsey V.
name: Dolenc, Jozica
name: Groh, Ksenia J.
name: Kassotis, Christopher D.
name: Maffini, Maricel V.
name: Martin, Olwenn V.
name: Zimmermann, L.
name: Muncke, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Tiered protocol for assessing the evidence of food contact chemicals monitored in humans
The evolution of the system of rice intensification as a socio-technical phenomenon: a report to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Creators: name: Berkhout, Ezra
name: Glover, Dominic
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: The evolution of the system of rice intensification as a socio-technical phenomenon: a report to the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
Concurrency and Communication: Lessons from the SHIM Project
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: Describing parallel hardware and software is difficult, especially in an embedded setting. Five years ago, we started the shim project to address this challenge by developing a programming language for hardware/software systems. The resulting language describes asynchronously running processes that has the useful property of scheduling-independence: the i/o of a shim program is not affected by any scheduling choices. This paper presents a history of the shim project with a focus on the key things we have learned along the way.
Die Rezeption der stadtrömischen Monumente des Augustus im Imperium Romanum
Creators: name: Goldbeck, Vibeke
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: Vibeke Goldbeck [Die Rezeption der stadtrömischen Monumente des Augustus im Imperium Romanum] stellt hierbei Bindeglieder zwischen der Stadt Rom und einzelnen Städten in den Provinzen dar. Deutlich wird, dass in den Provinzen bewusst auf aktuelle Bauprojekte der Hauptstadt Bezug genommen wird, indem sie kopiert oder rezipiert werden. Goldbeck untersucht hierzu Beispiele der Rezeption des Augustusforum, seines Mausoleums, der Ara Pacis und der Porticus ad Nationes. Dieser Umgebung mit stadtrömischen Vorbildern verstärkt die Bindung an Rom und damit auch an den Princeps. Insbesondere neue Funde machen es unumgänglich, sich diesem Phänomen immer wieder zu widmen.
Restoration of the Sanctuary Ceiling, Summer 1995
Creators: name: Unknown
name: Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church
Publisher: name: Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church
Year: 1995
Subjects: Churches
Presbyterian churches
Sag Harbor
Photographs
Organizations
Ceilings
Conservation & restoration
Maintenance & repair
Architectural elements
Architectural decorations & ornaments

description: This architecutral survey style photograph documents the church with scaffolding inside the sanctuary where the ceiling is being restored during the Summer of 1995. The painting behind the altar is visible, as are the pews and altar furnishings that are covered with drop cloths.
Programming Shared Memory Multiprocessors with Deterministic
Message-Passing Concurrency: Compiling SHIM to Pthreads
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
name: Vasudevan, Nalini
name: Tardieu, Olivier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: Multicore shared-memory architectures are becoming prevalent and bring many programming challenges. Among the biggest are data races: accesses to shared resources that make a program's behavior depend on scheduling decisions beyond its control. To eliminate such races, the SHIM concurrent programming language adopts deterministic message passing as it sole communication mechanism. We demonstrate such language restrictions are practical by presenting a SHIM to C-plus-Pthreads compiler that can produce efficient code for shared-memory multiprocessors. We present a parallel JPEG decoder and FFT exhibiting 3.05 and 3.3times speedups on a four-core processor.
SHIM: A Deterministic Model for Heterogeneous Embedded Systems
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
name: Tardieu, Olivier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: Typical embedded hardware/software systems are implemented using a combination of C and an HDL such as Verilog. While each is well-behaved in isolation, combining the two gives a nondeterministic model whose ultimate behavior must be validated through expensive (cycle-accurate) simulation. We propose an alternative for describing such systems. Our SHIM (software/hardware integration medium) model, effectively Kahn networks with rendezvous communication, provides deterministic concurrency. We present the Tiny-SHIM language for such systems and its semantics, demonstrate how to implement it in hardware and software, and discuss how it can be used to model a real-world system. By providing a powerful, deterministic formalism for expressing systems, designing systems and verifying their correctness will become easier.
DEP Bulletin:Volume 37 Issue 20
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The DEP bulletin is a semi-monthly publication of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. It contains a list of construction permit applications recently filed or acted upon by the Department along with a calendar of events of interest, a schedule of public hearings, and Environmental Impact Statements acted upon during the period.
Adults’ experiences with pandemic-related disruptions (Helfer et al., 2021)
Creators: name: Helfer, Karen S.
name: Mamo, Sara K.
name: Clauss, Michael
name: Tellerico, Silvana
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: 170204 Linguistic Processes (incl. Speech Production and Comprehension)
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 200101 Communication Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced lifestyle changes that may negatively impact communication, including the pervasive use of face masks and videoconferencing technology. Here, we examine the effects of age and self-rated hearing on subjective measures of speech understanding via a survey accessed by adults residing in the United States.Method: Responses to an online survey were obtained from adults (21 years of age and older) during the summer and fall of 2020. The survey included questions about hearing and speech understanding in a variety of scenarios and different listening conditions, including when communicating with people using face masks in quiet and noisy environments and when using videoconferencing.Results: Data from 1,703 surveys were analyzed. In general, the use of face masks led to the perception of poorer speech understanding and greater need for concentration, especially in noisy environments. When responses from all participants were considered, poorer self-rated communication ability was noted as age increased. However, among people who categorized their overall hearing as “Excellent” or “Good,” younger adults rated their speech understanding ability in noisy situations as poorer than middle-age or older adults. Among people who rated their overall hearing as “Fair” or “Poor,” middle-age adults indicated having more difficulty communicating with people using face masks, as compared with older adults. Examination of open-ended responses suggested that the strategies individuals use when communicating with people wearing face masks vary by age and self-rated hearing. Notably, middle-age and older adults were more likely to report using strategies that could put them at risk (e.g., asking others to remove their face masks).Conclusions: Even younger adults with self-perceived good hearing are not immune to communication challenges brought about by face masks. Among individuals with similar degrees of self-rated hearing, the expected increase in communication difficulty with age was not noted among our respondents.
Supplemental Material S1. Listening Survey Summer 2020.

Helfer, K. S., Mamo, S. K., Clauss, M., & Tellerico, S. (2021). Listening in 2020: A survey of adults' experiences with pandemic-related disruptions. American Journal of Audiology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2021_AJA-21-00021
Mode I and Mode II Fracture Toughness of Montney Shale under Confining Pressure
Creators: name: Chen, Qiang
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Montney shale, Mode I fracture toughness, Mode II fracture toughness, Fracture energy, Confining pressure, SNDB, Double shear
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Applied Mechanics
subject: Engineering--Civil

description: This thesis investigated the geomechanical properties of Montney shale using uniaxial compression, triaxial compression, Brazilian, semi-circular bending (SCB), straight-notched disk-bending (SNDB) and double shear (DS) tests. The volumetric strain method (VSM), crack volumetric strain method (CVSM), axial strain response method (ASR), and lateral strain response method (LSR) along with the crack axial and lateral strain method (CALSM) were employed to determine the crack closure and crack initiation stresses under uniaxial and triaxial compression. The LSR and ASR methods depend heavily on the initial portion of the stress-strain curve. Thus, at least two or three methods should be used when determining the crack stress thresholds. The Mode I fracture toughness under confining pressure was measured using SNDB samples with crack length to thickness ratios of about 0.2 and 0.4, respectively. The application of confining stress might induce tensile crack at the top of the SNDB sample with crack length to thickness ratio around 0.4. The tensile stresses achieved around the crack tip in confined SNDB tests under crack initiation load are close to the tensile strength of the sample and not affected by confining pressure. The Mode I fracture toughness of Montney shale is independent of confining pressure. The Mode II fracture toughness and shear fracture energy of Montney shale were measured using DS tests. The shear fracture energy values determined from post-peak portion of the axial force-displacement curve are always higher than those converted from the Mode II fracture toughness. However, with increasing confining pressure, the amount of difference decreases. Under confining pressures ranging from 0 MPa to 30 MPa, the Mode II fracture toughness and shear fracture energy increase with confining pressure. For confining pressure greater than 30 MPa, the double shear sample tends to behave ductile, evidenced by the multiple shear fractures branched out from the main shear fracture. Consequently, the double shear test is only suitable for determination of the Mode II fracture toughness of rock with confining pressure below 30 MPa.
The Challenge of Hardware Synthesis from C-like Languages
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: Many techniques for synthesizing digital hardware from C-like languages have been proposed, but none have emerged as successful as Verilog or VHDL for register-transfer-level design. Familiarity is the main reason C-like languages have been proposed for hardware synthesis. Synthesize hardware from C, proponents claim, and a C programmer can be turned into a hardware designer. Another common motivation is hardware/software codesign: today's systems usually contain a mix of hardware and software, and it is often unclear initially which portions to implement in hardware. Here, using a single language should simplify the migration task. The paper surveys several C-like hardware synthesis languages and looks at two of the fundamental challenges, concurrency and timing control.
Static Elaboration of Recursion for Concurrent Software
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
name: Zeng, Jia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: Unlike sequential software, concurrent software needs a structuring mechanism capable of specifying constructs such as pipelines, scatter-gather, and other networks. Concurrent software languages usually provide mechanisms for dynamically creating such structures, but this makes them difficult to analyze statically. In particular, it would be very convenient to be able to put bounds on the resources (memory, processes) required by a particular system. We present a static elaboration technique that can remove bounded recursion from concurrent programs, useful for tools that cannot handle recursion such as those for formal verification and hardware synthesis. We work with SHIM, a concurrent language that provides concurrent, recursive function calls that can be used to elegantly construct concurrent structures such as pipelines and the FFT. Our technique first slices the program from every recursive call to determine which variables control the recursion, then perform a simulation of the program with respect to those variables, performing constant propagation to produce simplified code without recursion. Experimental results suggest our slicing procedure is effective at selecting just those variables that participate in the recursion and that our simulation technique for generating non-recursive code can quickly produce small non-recursive programs, making this technique practical.
Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund Nr. 5/2019
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 080

description: Prüfungsordnung für den Masterstudiengang Physik der Fakultät Physik an der Technischen Universität Dortmund vom 4. Februar 2019
description: Erste Ordnung zur Änderung der Verfahrensrahmenordnung zur Verleihung der Bezeichnungen „Honorarprofessorin“/ „Honorarprofessor“ und „außerplanmäßige Professorin“/ „außerplanmäßiger Professor“ vom 4. Februar 2019
description: Lesefassung der Verfahrensrahmenordnung zur Verleihung der Bezeichnungen „Honorarprofessorin“ / „Honorarprofessor“ und „außerplanmäßige Professorin“ / „außerplanmäßiger Professor“ vom 13.12.2013 zuletzt geändert durch Änderungsordnung vom 4. Februar 2019
description: Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund;2019
SHIM: A Language for Hardware/Software Integration
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: Virtually every system designed today is an amalgam of hardware and software. Unfortunately, software and circuits that communicate across the hardware/software boundary are tedious and error-prone to create. This suggests a more automatic way to synthesize them. This paper presents the SHIM language, which combines imperative C-like semantics for software and RTL-like semantics for hardware to allow a unified description of hardware/ software systems. Hardware processes and software functions communicate through shared variables, hardware for which is automatically synthesized by the SHIM compiler, which generates C and synthesizable VHDL. I demonstrate the effectiveness of the language by reimplementing an I2C bus controller. The SHIM source is half the size of an equivalent manual implementation, slightly faster, and has a smaller memory footprint. Partial and complete hardware implementations in SHIM are also presented, showing that SHIM is succinct and effective.
Improving treatment outcomes in models of glioblastoma cancer
Creators: name: Verreault, Maïté
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Introduction: Despite the use of treatments, tumour recurrence in glioblastoma (GBM) patients is inevitable, partly because of the blood-brain barrier and the poor perfusion of the tumour vasculature, which act as two major obstacles to effective drug delivery. In order to address the latter, the capacity of liposomal formulations of irinotecan (Irinophore CTM; IrCTM), doxorubicin (Caelyx®) and vincristine to improve vascular function through normalization of GBM vasculature was assessed. In the following studies, the effect of IrCTM on the pharmacokinetics of irinotecan and its therapeutic efficacy in an orthotopic GBM model was compared to administration of the free form of the drug. In addition, siRNA-based therapy was explored as a potential strategy to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutics such as irinotecan. In one series of studies, the impact of cationic liposomes used for in vitro ILK (Integrin-Linked Kinase)-targeting siRNA delivery was compared to electroporation. Following successful identification of the most efficacious siRNA delivery method, EGFR and Rictor were selected as therapeutic targets because these proteins are involved in two of the most common molecular pathways reported to be dysregulated in GBM. The therapeutic potential of the combined silencing of EGFR and Rictor was assessed in in vitro and in vivo models of GBM. Results and conclusion: It was found that IrCTM, Caelyx® and liposomal vincristine induce vascular normalization in GBM tumours. It was also demonstrated that IrCTM increases exposure of the brain to irinotecan and its active metabolite SN-38 and improves survival of GBM tumour-bearing animals compared to treatment with free irinotecan. In vitro siRNA transfection using cationic lipids was found to alter the ILK downregulation time course compared to electroporation and to induce changes in pathway signaling that occurred independently of ILK silencing. Combined silencing of EGFR and Rictor reduced cell migration and increased cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutics in vitro. In vivo, dual silencing of EGFR and Rictor led to GBM tumour eradication. In parallel, GBM cell lines expressing red fluorescent proteins were developed as a tool for orthotopic GBM tumour imaging in live animals. These studies demonstrate the potential of siRNA-based therapy targeting EGFR and Rictor to act in combination with optimized chemotherapy agents such as IrCTM to improve treatment outcome in GBM.
Resetting the clock on arthritis
Creators: name: Krawetz, Roman J
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2019

description: Abstract While many of intricacies of the mammalian circadian rhythm remain unknown, the role that this physiological clock plays in our everyday lives and within the global ecosystem is clearly evident. However, only recently has the importance of circadian rhythm in cartilage health and joint homeostasis been brought to light. A recent study by Hand and colleagues advances our understanding of these processes further by demonstrating that disruption of circadian clock regulation in mesenchymal cells not only has an impact on the development of joint structures, but on the inflammatory response and on the onset/pathogenesis of arthritis.
Regional Crop Yield Response for U.S. Grains
Creators: name: Ash, Mark S.
name: Lin, William
name: Ash, Mark S.
name: Lin, William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Crop yields
subject: grains
subject: soil moisture
subject: temperature
subject: precipitation
subject: acreage reduction programs
subject: yield projections

description: Crop yields in all major production regions increase substantially in response to three major long-term stimuli: improved varieties, improved farming techniques, and more fertilizer. Short-term factors affecting yields include soil moisture, temperature and precipitation during the critical months of crop production, and acreage reduction programs. This report examines how the acreage reduction programs affect crop yields, what determines yields, and how to project crop yields. Per acre yields of wheat, corn, and rice by major region are projected to 1990.
Using Program Specialization to Speed SystemC Fixed-Point Simulation
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: Generic simulation components, such as fixed-precision arithmetic routines, make it easier to quickly assemble system simulations, but generic components tend to simulate more slowly than their manually-written specialized counterparts. So a system modeler is normally forced to choose between building a simulation quickly or running it quickly.This paper explores the use of program specialization as a way to address this conundrum. Through hints provided by the author of a generic library and aggressive compiler optimizations, program specialization can automatically rewrite a generic component into a specialized one with performance comparable to a careful manual implementation. As a result, the user of such a specializable library can quickly assemble a simulation from generic components whose performance can equal that of a more tedious implementation.Experimental results show that program specialization provides a three- to seven-times speed-up on an important class of simulations: signal processing kernels in SystemC that manipulate fixed-precision numbers.
A life cycle carbon balance for electricity produced from forest residues : a British Columbian case study
Creators: name: Burke, Michael Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study estimated the annual life cycle carbon emissions for a hypothetical bioenergy combustion process that generates electricity from forest residues in northern British Columbia. Net annual carbon dioxide emissions were calculated for the process life cycle, which identified and quantified each CO₂ emission source along the bioenergy supply chain. The sources identified included soil carbon, harvesting machinery, chipping, transportation, and biomass combustion. Emissions that were avoided as a result of this process were also calculated. This thesis highlighted the importance of utilizing complete accounting methodology when calculating emissions from energy processes and emphasized that the blanket assumption that all biomass is carbon neutral should not be made. While combustion emissions from the biomass source utilized in this study can be considered to be carbon neutral, a sensitivity analysis showed that emissions could increase by more than 275% if the forest residues were disposed of differently in the business-as-usual scenario. In addition, net process emissions were reduced by over 80% when it was assumed that there were no significant soil carbon emissions. Consequently, bioenergy typically appears more environmentally attractive than it actually is because combustion emissions are generally treated as carbon neutral and upstream emissions, such as from soil carbon, are not typically attributed to residues. In a British Columbian context, utilizing forest residues for bioenergy may usefully increase the provincial energy supply without incurring significant new emissions. This thesis showed that the emissions from harvesting, chipping and transporting residues are only a fraction of the emissions already produced by burning the forest residues. In addition, this thesis proposes that although utilizing forest residues for bioenergy will not result in any new soil carbon emissions, a portion of the soil emissions already incurred should be allocated to forest residues if they are used for bioenergy. Using this full emission accounting methodology, a bioenergy combustion process utilizing forest residues from the Mackenzie area of northern British Columbia would produce approximately 164 kilograms of carbon dioxide per megawatt-hour of electricity, which is significantly less than electricity produced from both coal (721 – 996 kgCO₂/MWh) and natural gas electricity (500 kgCO₂e/MWh).
Making cyclic circuits acyclic
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: Cyclic circuits that do not hold state or oscillate are often the most convenient representation for certain functions, such as arbiters, and can easily by produced inadvertently in high-level synthesis, yet are troublesome for most circuit analysis tools. This paper presents an algorithm that generates an acyclic circuit that computes the same function as a given cyclic circuit for those inputs where the cyclic circuit does not oscillate or hold state. The algorithm identifies all patterns on inputs and internal nodes that lead to acyclic evaluation orders for the cyclic circuit, which are represented as acyclic circuit fragments, and then combines these to produce an acyclic circuit that can exhibit all of these behaviors. Experiments results suggest this potentially exponential algorithm is practical for small circuits and may be improved to handle larger circuits. This algorithm should make dealing with cyclic combinational circuits nearly as easy as dealing with their acyclic counterparts.