cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comment on "The double-Kerr solution" by W.B. Bonnor and B.R. Steadman
Creators: name: Manko, V. S.
name: Ruiz, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Erroneous statements on the mathematical and physical properties of the double-Kerr solution made in a recent paper (Class. Quantum Grav. 21 (2004) 2723) are commented.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity
Tuning Negative Differential Resistance in a Molecular Film
Creators: name: Grobis, M.
name: Wachowiak, A.
name: Yamachika, R.
name: Crommie, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed tunable negative differential resistance (NDR) in scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements of a double layer of C60 molecules on a metallic surface. Using a simple model we show that the observed NDR behavior is explained by voltage-dependent changes in the tunneling barrier height.
Developing Concurrent Coding: An unconventional encoding scheme applied to visible light communications
Creators: name: Benton, David M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An unconventional encoding scheme called concurrent coding, has recently been demonstrated and shown to offer interesting features and benefits in comparison to conventional techniques, e.g. robustness against burst errors and improved efficiency of transmitted power. This concept has been demonstrated for the first time with optical communications where standard light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used to transmit information encoded with concurrent coding. The technique successfully transmits and decodes data despite unpredictable interruptions to the transmission causing significant drop-outs to the detected signal. The technique also shows how it is possible to send a single block of data in isolation with no pre-synchronisation required between transmitter and receiver, and no specific synchronisation sequence appended to the transmission. This work also demonstrates for the first time the successful use of multithreaded (overlaid) concurrent codes
title: Candidature ATED Exploitation des ressources et mise en valeur du territoire au Ier millénaire de notre ère. Nouvelles méthodes en archéobotanique, archéométrie, modélisation 2018
Creators: name: Centre Camile Jullian
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019

description: Candidature ATED "Exploitation des ressources et mise en valeur du territoire au Ier millénaire de notre ère. Nouvelles méthodes en archéobotanique, archéométrie, modélisation".
From poverty and war to prosperity and peace? : sustainable livelihoods and innovation in governance of artisanal diamond mining in Kono District, Sierra Leone
Creators: name: Levin, Estelle Agnes
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In 2002 Sierra Leone emerged from a brutal war which had lasted for eleven years. The war was made both possible and desirable by the existence of diamonds. In 1999 an American development consultancy firm, Management Systems International (MSI), was invited by USAID to manage its efforts to assist peacebuilding in the country. Since then, MSI has guided 3 projects (the Diamond Policy and Management project, the Peace Diamond Alliance, and the Integrated Diamond Management Model of Resource Governance) which cumulatively are attempting to restructure the political economy of the diamond industry through innovation in resource governance in order to achieve its principle objective, which is to make diamonds work for peace and prosperity for the people of Sierra Leone. This thesis evaluates the Diamond Sector Reform Programme (DSRP) by examining the programme and its object of intervention (the political economy of the industry), and by evaluating its objectives and techniques through an exploration and analysis of the causes of war and poverty in Kono district. The sustainable livelihoods framework was used to guide the research design as well to conduct the poverty analysis. The research's overarching conclusion is that the DSRP is altogether very well conceived and designed in order to meet its objectives and that it is attending to many of the issues which perpetuate poverty and might once again motivate war. The research has also suggested possible obstacles to the success of the DSRP may lie in the inadequate consideration of certain issues, such as the links between the diamond industry's political economy with Kono's wider socio-political landscape, issues surrounding gender, mining and poverty, the infeasibility of desirable livelihood options in diamond mining communities, the homogenisation of the local economy around the diamond industry, and the re-emergence of patronage and patrimonialism as the key systems of social securitisation in an environment of post-conflict recovery.
Wavelet analysis of the long-term activity of V833 Tau
Creators: name: Stepanov, R.
name: Bondar', N. I.
name: Katsova, M. M.
name: Sokoloff, D.
name: Frick, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk of available stellar activity observations is frequently checked for the manifestation of signs in comparison with the known characteristic of solar magnetic modulation. The problem is that stellar activity records are usually an order of magnitude shorter than available observations of solar activity variation. Therefore, the resolved time scales of stellar activity are insufficient to decide reliably that a cyclic variation for a particular star is similar to the well-known 11-yr sunspot cycles. As a result, recent studies report several stars with double or multiple cycles which serve to challenge the underlying theoretical understanding. This is why a consistent method to separate 'true' cycles from stochastic variations is required. In this paper, we suggest that a conservative method, based on the best practice of wavelet analysis previously applied to the study of solar activity, for studying and interpreting the longest available stellar activity record - photometric monitoring of V833 Tau for more than 100 years. We find that the observed variations of V833 Tau with timescales of 2-50 yr should be comparable with the known quasi-periodic solar mid-term variations, whereas the true cycle of V833 Tau, if it exists, should be of about a century or even longer. We argue that this conclusion does not contradict the expectations from stellar dynamo theory.
description: accepted in MNRAS
Metaheuristics for the Online Printing Shop Scheduling Problem
Creators: name: Lunardi, Willian T.
name: Birgin, Ernesto G.
name: Ronconi, Débora P.
name: Voos, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90B35, 90C11, 90C59

description: In this work, the online printing shop scheduling problem introduced in (Lunardi et al., Mixed Integer Linear Programming and Constraint Programming Models for the Online Printing Shop Scheduling Problem, Computers & Operations Research, to appear) is considered. This challenging real scheduling problem, that emerged in the nowadays printing industry, corresponds to a flexible job shop scheduling problem with sequencing flexibility; and it presents several complicating specificities such as resumable operations, periods of unavailability of the machines, sequence-dependent setup times, partial overlapping between operations with precedence constraints, and fixed operations, among others. A local search strategy and metaheuristic approaches for the problem are proposed and evaluated. Based on a common representation scheme, trajectory and populational metaheuristics are considered. Extensive numerical experiments with large-sized instances show that the proposed methods are suitable for solving practical instances of the problem; and that they outperform a half-heuristic-half-exact off-the-shelf solver by a large extent. Numerical experiments with classical instances of the flexible job shop scheduling problem show that the introduced methods are also competitive when applied to this particular case.
A VIABILIDADE DA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR PRODUTORA DE LEITE: O CASO DO SISTEMA COORLAC (RS)
Creators: name: Souza, Raquel Pereira
name: Waquil, Paulo Dabdab
name: Souza, Raquel Pereira
name: Waquil, Paulo Dabdab
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Coorlac
subject: produtores de leite
subject: agricultura familiar
subject: cadeia produtiva do leite

description: As transformações recentes na cadeia produtiva do leite têm levado a uma tendência de especialização nessa atividade colocando em risco a manutenção dos produtores familiares na atividade. Porém, algumas experiências de organizações produtivas da agricultura familiar que trabalham com leite têm conseguido se manter no mercado. Uma dessas experiências é o sistema Coorlac, composto por 20 cooperativas e tendo cerca de 6000 produtores associados. Esta pesquisa busca identificar quais foram as principais transformações ocorridas no período analisado, investigar como essas mudanças se refletiram no Sistema Coorlac e investigar quais elementos próprios ao sistema Coorlac, de caráter econômico e social, contribuíram para a manutenção na atividade. A análise das informações levantadas demonstra que a Coorlac tem tido sua viabilidade afetada, em geral negativamente, pelas mudanças que vem ocorrendo na cadeia produtiva do leite, mas demonstram também, que parte de sua viabilidade é fruto de características sociais, econômicas e produtivas da agricultura familiar produtora de leite, pelo fato de ser um sistema cooperativo e em virtude das parcerias que tem sido viabilizada por ser ela um sistema cooperativo de origem sindical e da agricultura familiar.
Formation of voids in the Universe within the Lemaitre-Tolman model
Creators: name: Bolejko, Krzysztof
name: Krasinski, Andrzej
name: Hellaby, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop models of void formation starting from a small initial fluctuation at recombination and growing to a realistic present day density profile in agreement with observations of voids. The model construction is an extension of previously developed algorithms for finding a Lemaitre-Tolman metric that evolves between two profiles of either density or velocity specified at two times. Of the 4 profiles of concern -- those of density and velocity at recombination and at the present day -- two can be specified and the other two follow from the derived model. We find that, in order to reproduce the present-day void density profiles, the initial velocity profile is more important than the initial density profile. Extrapolation of current CMB observations to the scales relevant to proto-voids is very uncertain. Even so, we find that it is very difficult to make both the initial density and velocity fluctuation amplitudes small enough, and still obtain a realistic void by today.
description: MN2e LaTeX style file, 17 pages, 16 figures, 22 figure files; replecement has minor changes in references
Multi-omic medicine: dissecting the cell type-specific and pleiotropic mechanisms underlying disease genomics at scale
Creators: name: Schilder, Brian
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2024

description: The human genome was first sequenced in 2003, leading to many discoveries. However, the promise of personalised medicine has yet to be realised. In this thesis, I outline key technical and conceptual challenges that have contributed to this mismatch of expectations. I then introduce the three Aims of this thesis that were designed to substantively address these challenges: Aim 1. Discover the cell types underlying rare disease phenotypes. Aim 2. Decompose the phenome into latent genetic factors. Aim 3. Demonstrate and facilitate FAIR practices. Together, these results provide new insights into the cell type-specific mechanisms of every disease for which genetic data is publicly available (n>40,000). This includes both rare and common diseases, as well as each of their constituent phenotypes. Furthermore, I demonstrate numerous actionable avenues that can be taken to apply these results to personalised patient diagnosis, prognosis and treatment, as well as the development of novel gene therapies optimised for high efficacy and low toxicity. Finally, all analyses to generate this work are included within the thesis itself as a programmatically reproducible manuscript:
Additional file 1 of Consensus guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) deficiencies
Creators: name: Opladen, Thomas
name: López-Laso, Eduardo
name: Cortès-Saladelafont, Elisenda
name: Pearson, Toni S.
name: H. Serap Sivri
name: Yilmaz Yildiz
name: Assmann, Birgit
name: Kurian, Manju A.
name: Leuzzi, Vincenzo
name: Heales, Simon
name: Pope, Simon
name: Porta, Francesco
name: Angeles García-Cazorla
name: Tomáš Honzík
name: Pons, Roser
name: Regal, Luc
name: Goez, Helly
name: Artuch, Rafael
name: Hoffmann, Georg F.
name: Horvath, Gabriella
name: Thöny, Beat
name: Scholl-Bürgi, Sabine
name: Burlina, Alberto
name: Verbeek, Marcel M.
name: Mastrangelo, Mario
name: Friedman, Jennifer
name: Wassenberg, Tessa
name: Jeltsch, Kathrin
name: Kulhánek, Jan
name: Hübschmann, Oya Kuseyri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Key questions for the Guideline on diagnosis and treatment of BH4 deficiencies.
Additional file 8 of Electronic data collection for multi-country, hospital-based, clinical observation of maternal and newborn care: EN-BIRTH study experiences
Creators: name: Ruysen, Harriet
name: Rahman, Ahmed Ehsanur
name: Gordeev, Vladimir Sergeevich
name: Hossain, Tanvir
name: Omkar Basnet
name: Kizito Shirima
name: Rahman, Qazi Sadeq-Ur
name: Sojib Bin Zaman
name: Rana, Nisha
name: Nahya Salim
name: Tazeen Tahsina
name: Gore-Langton, Georgia R.
name: Shafiqul Ameen
name: Boggs, Dorothy
name: Kong, Stefanie
name: Day, Louise T.
name: Shams El Arifeen
name: Lawn, Joy E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 8. Android tablet readiness assessment, EN-BIRTH study.
The magnetic nature of superconductivity in doped cuprates
Creators: name: Feng, Shiping
name: Ma, Tianxing
name: Guo, Huaiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the kinetic energy driven superconducting mechanism, the magnetic nature of cuprate superconductors is discussed. It is shown that the superconducting state is controlled by both charge carrier gap function and quasiparticle coherent weight. This quasiparticle coherent weight grows linearly with the hole doping concentration in the underdoped and optimally doped regimes, and then decreases with doping in the overdoped regime, which leads to that the maximal superconducting transition temperature occurs around the optimal doping, and then decreases in both underdoped and overdoped regimes. Within this framework, we calculate the dynamical spin structure factor of cuprate superconductors, and reproduce all main features of inelastic neutron scattering experiments, including the energy dependence of the incommensurate magnetic scattering at both low and high energies and commensurate resonance at intermediate energy.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures; Added discussions and update references, accepted for publication in Physica C
Additional file 9 of Electronic data collection for multi-country, hospital-based, clinical observation of maternal and newborn care: EN-BIRTH study experiences
Creators: name: Ruysen, Harriet
name: Rahman, Ahmed Ehsanur
name: Gordeev, Vladimir Sergeevich
name: Hossain, Tanvir
name: Omkar Basnet
name: Kizito Shirima
name: Rahman, Qazi Sadeq-Ur
name: Sojib Bin Zaman
name: Rana, Nisha
name: Nahya Salim
name: Tazeen Tahsina
name: Gore-Langton, Georgia R.
name: Shafiqul Ameen
name: Boggs, Dorothy
name: Kong, Stefanie
name: Day, Louise T.
name: Shams El Arifeen
name: Lawn, Joy E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 9. Data management and server maintenance user checklist, EN-BIRTH study.
A stabilized finite element method for inverse problems subject to the convection-diffusion equation. II: convection-dominated regime
Creators: name: Burman, Erik
name: Nechita, Mihai
name: Oksanen, Lauri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J15, 65N20, 65N12

description: We consider the numerical approximation of the ill-posed data assimilation problem for stationary convection-diffusion equations and extend our previous analysis in [Numer. Math. 144, 451--477, 2020] to the convection-dominated regime. Slightly adjusting the stabilized finite element method proposed for dominant diffusion, we draw upon a local error analysis to obtain quasi-optimal convergence along the characteristics of the convective field through the data set. The weight function multiplying the discrete solution is taken to be Lipschitz and a corresponding super approximation result (discrete commutator property) is proven. The effect of data perturbations is included in the analysis and we conclude the paper with some numerical experiments.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures; final published version
AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DE DIFERENTES ESTRATÉGIAS DE GANHO DE PESO DIÁRIO NA TERMINAÇÃO DE BOVINOS EM CONFINAMENTO
Creators: name: Resende Filho, Moises De Andrade
name: Resende Filho, Moises De Andrade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: custos de produção
subject: programação linear
subject: minimização do custo da ração
subject: lucratividade
subject: production costs
subject: linear programming
subject: ration cost minimization
subject: profitability

description: Esse artigo avalia a viabilidade econômica da terminação de bovinos em confinamento para o ano de 2008. Dezessete cenários são simulados considerando-se diferentes ganhos de peso vivo diário para 220 animais, machos castrados, ½ Zebu - ½ Holandês, com peso inicial médio de 354 kg, confinados por 120 dias. Utiliza-se equações capazes de gerar os valores das exigências nutricionais dos animais para cada estratégia de ganho de peso. Os valores calculados das exigência nutricionais parametrizam um modelo de programação linear capaz de minimizar o custo da ração a ser fornecida. Assim, o custo da alimentação dos animais que é o único custo variável do confinamento, é calculado multiplicando-se o custo por kg da ração de custo mínimo pelo consumo voluntário de matéria seca, estimado segundo o NRC (1984). Os demais custos fixos e quase-fixos são também estimados. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o confinamento será uma atividade economicamente viável em 2008 e que a estratégia em que o ganho de peso diário é 1,05 kg geraria o maior lucro.---------------------------------------------This article evaluates the economic feasibility of finishing beef cattle in feedlot for the year 2008. Seventeen scenarios are simulated considering a 120 confinement period and different liveweight gains for 220 castrated bulls, ½ Zebu - ½ Holstein, with an initial liveweight of 354 kg. Equations are employed so to calculate nutritional requirements that will parameterize a linear programming problem set to find the minimum cost ration. Feeding costs are obtained by multiplying the minimum cost ration unitary cost by the total voluntary dry matter intake, estimated according to NRC (1984). The remaining fixed and quasi-fixed costs are also estimated. Results show that finishing beef cattle in feedlot is expected to be profitable for the year 2008 and that the strategy characterized by a daily liveweight gain of 1.05 kg is the best one among those simulated.
Housing quality and health inequalities: the case of home thermal efficiency in London
Creators: name: Solomon, Bethlehem
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2024

description: Home thermal efficiency is a key component of housing quality that is increasingly put under pressure by global environmental challenges such as climate change. Thus, it is important to characterise home thermal efficiency at the city-level using epidemiological evidence to develop evidence-based housing policy. The overall aim of my MPhil is to develop a home thermal efficiency metric and estimate its associations with health, at the small-area level in London (i.e., Lower Super Output Area (LSOA)). No single agreed-upon definition of housing quality exists. In the first part of this thesis, I summarised housing quality literature and tools to identify recurring themes. Using this insight, I developed a housing quality and health framework which is composed of 13 housing domains, meta-characteristics and interacting factors. In the second half of this thesis, I conducted a case study based on one housing quality domain, i.e., thermal comfort, in London. I first developed a mean LSOA home thermal efficiency metric using the Battese-Harter-Fuller model and then estimated the association between this metric and selected health outcomes. My framework allows cities to comprehensively understand areas of housing quality that are relevant for their populations and also identify appropriate data sources to measure housing quality. The development of the thermal efficiency metric highlighted that mean thermal efficiency score is higher (i.e., better) in LSOAs near central London and generally decreases with distance from the city centre. Overall, there was an increased risk for all hospital admissions, all cardiovascular admissions, and all respiratory admissions with decreasing LSOA home thermal efficiency scores. Similar but weaker associations were observed when adjusting for income instead of smoking. My thesis highlights the need for robust and accessible housing quality data, as well as the importance of taking health outcomes into consideration when building, renovating and retrofitting homes.
Additional file 1 of Testing whether the progression of Alzheimer’s disease changes with the year of publication, additional design, and geographical area: a modeling analysis of literature aggregate data
Creators: name: Ningyuan Zhang
name: Xijun Zheng
name: Hongxia Liu
name: Qingshan Zheng
name: Lujin Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materials, tables, and figures.
TinyLSTMs: Efficient Neural Speech Enhancement for Hearing Aids
Creators: name: Fedorov, Igor
name: Stamenovic, Marko
name: Jensen, Carl
name: Yang, Li-Chia
name: Mandell, Ari
name: Gan, Yiming
name: Mattina, Matthew
name: Whatmough, Paul N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern speech enhancement algorithms achieve remarkable noise suppression by means of large recurrent neural networks (RNNs). However, large RNNs limit practical deployment in hearing aid hardware (HW) form-factors, which are battery powered and run on resource-constrained microcontroller units (MCUs) with limited memory capacity and compute capability. In this work, we use model compression techniques to bridge this gap. We define the constraints imposed on the RNN by the HW and describe a method to satisfy them. Although model compression techniques are an active area of research, we are the first to demonstrate their efficacy for RNN speech enhancement, using pruning and integer quantization of weights/activations. We also demonstrate state update skipping, which reduces the computational load. Finally, we conduct a perceptual evaluation of the compressed models to verify audio quality on human raters. Results show a reduction in model size and operations of 11.9$\times$ and 2.9$\times$, respectively, over the baseline for compressed models, without a statistical difference in listening preference and only exhibiting a loss of 0.55dB SDR. Our model achieves a computational latency of 2.39ms, well within the 10ms target and 351$\times$ better than previous work.
description: First four authors contributed equally. For audio samples, see https://github.com/BoseCorp/efficient-neural-speech-enhancement
Socioeconomic status, race, and body mass index : the mediating role of physical activity and sedentary behaviors during adolesence
Creators: name: Hanson, Margaret D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess socio-demographic (SES and race) and behavioral factors (physical activity and sedentary behaviors) contributing to adolescent obesity. Methods: 113 adolescents (M=17 years; 42% Caucasian, 56% African-American) were assessed on body mass index (BMI). They reported their physical activity and sedentary behaviors. Caregivers provided information on socioeconomic status (SES). Results: Adolescents from lower SES backgrounds and who belonged to minority groups had higher BMI (r = -.30,p < .01 and t (110) = 3.41,p < .01 respectively). Formal statistical mediation tests revealed that sedentary behaviors significantly mediated the association between SES and BMI (Z = 3.79, p < .05). In contrast, physical activity scores significantly mediated the association between race and BMI (Z = 6.01, p < .05). Gender was also found to moderate relationships, such that physical activity was a more robust mediator among boys, whereas sedentary behavior was a more robust mediator among girls. Conclusions: Results from this study could help clarify the role of physical activity versus sedentary behaviors on adolescent BMI. Interventions aimed at targeting teen obesity could benefit by aiming to increase physical activity in minorities and decreasing sedentary behaviors in low SES teens.
Additional file 1 of Higher frailty burden in older adults with chronic constipation
Creators: name: Jihye Lim
name: Hyungchul Park
name: Heayon Lee
name: Eunju Lee
name: Danbi Lee
name: Hee-Won Jung
name: Jang, Il-Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Frailty severity and chronic constipation (CC).
On Holmboe's instability for smooth shear and density profiles
Creators: name: Alexakis, Alexandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear stability of a stratified shear flow for smooth density profiles is studied. This work focuses on the nature of the stability boundaries of flows in which both Kelvin-Helmholtz and Holmboe instabilities are present. For a fixed Richardson number the unstable modes are confined to finite bands between a smallest and a largest marginally unstable wavenumber. The results in this paper indicate that the stability boundary for small wavenumbers is comprised of neutral modes with phase velocity equal to the maximum/minimum wind velocity whereas the other stability boundary, for large wavenumbers, is comprised of singular neutral modes with phase velocity in the range of the velocity shear. We show how these stability boundaries can be evaluated without solving for the growth rate over the entire parameter space as was previously done. The results indicate further that there is a new instability domain that has not been previously noted in the literature. The unstable modes, in this new instability domain, appear for larger values of the Richardson number and are related to the higher harmonics of the internal gravity wave spectrum.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Physics of Fluids
FAROVON HAYOT: MAZMUNI, MEZONLARI VA IJTIMOIY AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Vafayeva, Dilafruza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada farovon hayotning mazmuni, uning mezonlari va jamiyatdagi ijtimoiy ahamiyati batafsil tahlil qilinadi. Maqola orqali farovon hayot tushunchasining rivojlanishiga ta'sir etuvchi omillar, shuningdek, bu tushunchaning jamiyatning ijtimoiy barqarorlik va adolatga bo‘lgan ahamiyati ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqotlar shuni ko‘rsatdiki, farovon hayot tushunchasi faqat iqtisodiy rivojlanish bilan cheklanmaydi, balki insonning ijtimoiy, ma'naviy va ekologik ehtiyojlarini ham o‘z ichiga oladi. Farovonlikning asosiy mezonlari sifatida iqtisodiy barqarorlik, ijtimoiy tenglik, ta'lim, sog‘liqni saqlash, ma'naviy qadriyatlar va ekologik barqarorlik ko‘rsatilgan. Shuningdek,  farovon hayotning jamiyatdagi roli va uning ijtimoiy barqarorlikni ta'minlashdagi o‘rni ham o‘rganilgan. Maqolada jamiyatda farovonlikni ta'minlashning ahamiyatini va bu jarayonda ilmiy, madaniy, iqtisodiy va ijtimoiy omillarni birgalikda rivojlantirish zarurligini ta'kidlanadi.
title: Texte sur l'activité infectieuse HIV
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 2 versions.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111031798185
description: created: start=1975;end=2018
Lagrange inversion and combinatorial species with uncountable color palette
Creators: name: Jansen, Sabine
name: Kuna, Tobias
name: Tsagkarogiannis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32A05, 47J07, 05A15, 82B21, 81T15

description: We prove a multivariate Lagrange-Good formula for functionals of uncountably many variables and investigate its relation with inversion formulas using trees. We clarify the cancellations that take place between the two aforementioned formulas and draw connections with similar approaches in a range of applications.
Additional file 1 of Do we need disasters to adopt more environmental policies?
Creators: name: Sherief Emam
name: Grebel, Thomas
name: Ana-Despina Tudor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:. Appendix tables. Appendix table 1: Correlation matrix. Appendix table 2: List of OECD countries. Appendix table 3: Unit root tests for the dependent variable (REP (logs)). Appendix table 4: Unit root tests for the independent variables. Appendix table 5: Kao test for cointegration. Appendix table 6: Pedroni cointegration test.
Transit cosmological models coupled with zero-mass scalar-field with high redshift in higher derivative theory
Creators: name: Dixit, Archana
name: Maurya, Dinesh Chandra
name: Pradhan, Anirudh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present study deals with a flat FRW cosmological model filled with perfect fluid coupled with the zero-mass scalar field in the higher derivative theory of gravity. We have obtained two types of universe models, the first one is the accelerating universe (power-law cosmology) and the second one is the transit phase model (hyperbolic expansion-law). We have obtained various physical and kinematic parameters and discussed them with observationally constrained values of $H_{0}$. The transit redshift value is obtained $z_{t}=0.414$ where the transit model shows signature-flipping and is consistent with recent observations. In our models, the present values of EoS parameter $ω_{0}$ crosses the cosmological constant value $ω_{0}=-1$. Also, the present age of the universe is calculated.
description: 12 pages, 21 figures
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of the potential incidence of COVID-19 and effectiveness of containment measures in Spain: a data-driven approach
Creators: name: Aleta, Alberto
name: Yamir Moreno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Data sources and sensitivity analysis on the epidemic parameters. Supporting information of the manuscript Evaluation of the potential incidence of COVID-19 and effectiveness of containment measures in Spain: a data-driven approach.
Mixed Integer Linear Programming and Constraint Programming Models for the Online Printing Shop Scheduling Problem
Creators: name: Lunardi, Willian T.
name: Birgin, Ernesto G.
name: Laborie, Philippe
name: Ronconi, Débora P.
name: Voos, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90B35, 90C11, 90C59

description: In this work, the online printing shop scheduling problem is considered. This challenging real problem, that appears in the nowadays printing industry, can be seen as a flexible job shop scheduling problem with sequence flexibility in which precedence constraints among operations of a job are given by an arbitrary directed acyclic graph. In addition, several complicating particularities such as periods of unavailability of the machines, resumable operations, sequence-dependent setup times, partial overlapping among operations with precedence constraints, release times, and fixed operations are also present in the addressed problem. In the present work, mixed integer linear programming and constraint programming models for the minimization of the makespan are presented. Modeling the problem is twofold. On the one hand, the problem is precisely defined. On the other hand, the capabilities and limitations of a commercial software for solving the models are analyzed. Extensive numerical experiments with small-, medium-, and large-sized instances are presented. Numerical experiments show that the commercial solver is able to optimally solve only a fraction of the small-sized instances when considering the mixed integer linear programming model; while all small-sized and a fraction of the medium-sized instances are optimally solved when considering the constraint programming formulation of the problem. Moreover, the commercial solver is able to deliver feasible solutions for the large-sized instances that are of the size of the instances that appear in practice.
Distribution of Korean Family Names
Creators: name: Kim, Beom Jun
name: Park, Seong Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The family name distribution in Korea is investigated in comparison with previous studies in other countries. In Korea, both the family name and its birthplace, where the ancestor of the family originated, are commonly used to distinguish one family name from the others. The family name distributions with and without the information of the regional origins are analyzed by using different data sets of various sizes, and compared with previous studies performed in other countries. The growth rate of the family is empirically obtained. Contrary to commonly used assumptions, the growth rate is found to be higher for the smaller family.
description: 13 pages in one column format
Machine learning applications in guided wave testing
Creators: name: Mroszczak, Nick
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2024

description: Guided wave testing (GWT) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique for in-service testing of pipes allowing the inspection of tens of metres of pipe in either direction from a single position. The aims are to identify and locate physical features along the pipe in the axial direction, particularly the defect indications, such as cracks or corrosion patches. However, the signals output by GWT of pipes are complex to interpret, making the quality of inspection highly dependent on the operator’s skills. Due to signal complexities, at present there are no automated procedures to help operators in this task. Some of the recently developed machine learning (ML) algorithms are expected to possess the modelling capabilities required to address this classification task, though they would typically need hundreds if not thousands of labelled input data for their training. This amount of experimental data is seldom available in the NDT field, particularly with regard to the damage cases. This thesis explores the ML for NDT, introducing the data processing pipelines and a comparison of ML approaches. First, it is shown that high ML performance on artificial data does not necessarily translate to a similar performance on real data, motivating the need for robust ML model validation. The following results demonstrate that with scarce experimental data, substantial detection improvements can be achieved by pre-training the chosen ML model with synthetic data, before fine-tuning it on actual inspection data. In particular, the ML algorithm that is found to perform best for this task is a VGG-Net model, which is shown to yield false positive rates in the order of ~1.5 to 4% at the fixed true positive rate of 99.7%. Furthermore, the thesis explores modern generative ML approaches as potential tools to augment the data, showing the capacity to generate realistic data ex nihilo.
BRST theory without Hamiltonian and Lagrangian
Creators: name: Lyakhovich, S. L.
name: Sharapov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a generic gauge system, whose physical degrees of freedom are obtained by restriction on a constraint surface followed by factorization with respect to the action of gauge transformations; in so doing, no Hamiltonian structure or action principle is supposed to exist. For such a generic gauge system we construct a consistent BRST formulation, which includes the conventional BV Lagrangian and BFV Hamiltonian schemes as particular cases. If the original manifold carries a weak Poisson structure (a bivector field giving rise to a Poisson bracket on the space of physical observables) the generic gauge system is shown to admit deformation quantization by means of the Kontsevich formality theorem. A sigma-model interpretation of this quantization algorithm is briefly discussed.
description: 19 pages, minor corrections
Power and Supply Chain Management - Insights from Russia
Creators: name: Belaya, Vera
name: Hanf, Jon Henrich
name: Belaya, Vera
name: Hanf, Jon Henrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Power
subject: Agri-Food Supply Chains
subject: Supply Chain Management
subject: Russia

description: The research topic of power relationships has been receiving increasingly more attention lately. However, only a few scientific works have studied power in the context of supply chain management. In this regard, intriguing research questions arise of how to distinguish among and deal with negative and positive effects of power in order to avoid problems and use power as an effective tool for supply chain management appear to be an important one. An important challenge, therefore, is to find out what role power plays in supply chain networks and how it affects supply chain management with specific attention to coordination and cooperation, and whether power can be utilized as a tool to promote the overall supply chain effectiveness. Therefore, the aim of our work is to investigate the role of power in supply chain networks in order to work out a strategy that enables supply chain managers to select an effective mix of power mechanisms.
Additional file 2 of Higher frailty burden in older adults with chronic constipation
Creators: name: Jihye Lim
name: Hyungchul Park
name: Heayon Lee
name: Eunju Lee
name: Danbi Lee
name: Hee-Won Jung
name: Jang, Il-Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. A logistic regression analysis showing associations between Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) frailty score and presence of chronic constipation.
Mass and Spin of GRS 1915+105 Based on a Resonance Model of QPOs
Creators: name: Kato, Shoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the four high-frequency QPOs observed in GRS 1915+105 can be interpreted as the oscillation modes on disks which non-linearly and resonantly interact with a warp. The warp is assumed to be a low-frequency global pattern on the disk. This identification suggests that the relevant mass, $M$, and spin, $a$, of GRS 1915+105 are, $M=13\sim 14 M_\odot$ and $a=0\sim 0.15$
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted in PASJ Vol.56(2004) No.5, The English was improved on September 1
Study of the Influence of High Electric Field Variations on Cosmic Ray Flux detected by the ARGO-YBJ Experiment
Creators: name: Bolognino, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is an overview of the author's PhD thesis results. ARGO-YBJ is an extensive air shower detector located at Yangbajing (Tibet, China) at 4300 m a.s.l. It is made by a full coverage carpet plus a guard ring (total surface about 6700 m^2) of Resistive Plate Chambers grouped into 153 units called clusters. The experiment has two different operation modes. The former, the scaler mode, counts the number of events with particle multiplicity >=1, >=2, >=3, >=4 allowing to reach the lowest energy threshold of the detector (few GeVs). The latter, the shower mode, measures coordinates and arrival time of each particle hitting the carpet for a complete shower reconstruction at an energy threshold of few hundreds of GeVs. Due to the high sensitivity of scaler mode it becomes very important remove all environmental parameter effects from scaler counts. The careful study of cosmic ray variations with environmental variables (such as atmospheric pressure, temperature, local radioactivity) allowed the correct estimation of the significance of signals registered in scaler mode. Episodes of counting rate variations both in scaler and shower mode in correspondence to high electric field variations are discussed, together with the study of temporal and spatial characteristics of cosmic ray showers during thunderstorms.
description: 8 pages, 1 figures
Racism post September 11, 2001 : perceptions and experiences of Vancouver’s Muslim community
Creators: name: Haider, Ayesha
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Canadian Muslims remain a somewhat silent and apprehensive community since the attacks of September 11, 2001. This exploratory qualitative study explores the perceptions and experiences of Vancouver's Muslim community post-9/11 from a critical race theory perspective. I assert that Canadian Muslims have become a racialized community post 9/11, facing racial stereotyping from state and enforcement officials as well as difficult experiences in their social and professional lives. Four focus groups were conducted in 2004-05 in Vancouver with adult Muslims. Participants narrated personal experiences in social interaction, workplace, travel, and perceptions of media portrayal and Canadian government legislation post 9/11. They also spoke about their fears, insecurities and emotions in face of overt and covert racism.
Autonomous Tissue Scanning under Free-Form Motion for Intraoperative Tissue Characterisation
Creators: name: Zhan, Jian
name: Cartucho, Joao
name: Giannarou, Stamatia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS), tissue scanning with imaging probes is required for subsurface visualisation to characterise the state of the tissue. However, scanning of large tissue surfaces in the presence of deformation is a challenging task for the surgeon. Recently, robot-assisted local tissue scanning has been investigated for motion stabilisation of imaging probes to facilitate the capturing of good quality images and reduce the surgeon's cognitive load. Nonetheless, these approaches require the tissue surface to be static or deform with periodic motion. To eliminate these assumptions, we propose a visual servoing framework for autonomous tissue scanning, able to deal with free-form tissue deformation. The 3D structure of the surgical scene is recovered and a feature-based method is proposed to estimate the motion of the tissue in real-time. A desired scanning trajectory is manually defined on a reference frame and continuously updated using projective geometry to follow the tissue motion and control the movement of the robotic arm. The advantage of the proposed method is that it does not require the learning of the tissue motion prior to scanning and can deal with free-form deformation. We deployed this framework on the da Vinci surgical robot using the da Vinci Research Kit (dVRK) for Ultrasound tissue scanning. Since the framework does not rely on information from the Ultrasound data, it can be easily extended to other probe-based imaging modalities.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, ICRA 2020
Additional file 9 of Towards the restoration of the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor for large mammals in Panama: comparing multi-species occupancy to movement models
Creators: name: Meyer, Ninon F. V.
name: Moreno, Ricardo
name: Reyna-Hurtado, Rafael
name: Signer, Johannes
name: Balkenhol, Niko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9. Results - AICc of SSF models for each individual.