cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Angle-resolved NMR: quantitative theory of 75As T1 relaxation rate in BaFe2As2
Creators: name: Smerald, Andrew
name: Shannon, Nic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While NMR measurements of nuclear energy spectra are routinely used to characterize the static properties of quantum magnets, the dynamical information locked in NMR 1/T1 relaxation rates remains notoriously difficult to interpret. The difficulty arises from the fact that information about all possible low-energy spin excitations of the electrons, and their coupling to the nuclear moments, is folded into a single number, 1/T1. Here we develop a quantitative theory of the NMR 1/T1 relaxation rate in a collinear antiferromagnet, focusing on the specific example of BaFe2As2. One of the most striking features of magnetism in BaFe2As2 is a strong dependence of 1/T1 on the orientation of the applied magnetic field. By careful analysis of the coupling between the nuclear and electronic moments, we show how this anisotropy arises from the "filtering" of spin fluctuations by the form-factor for transferred hyperfine interactions. This allows us to make convincing, quantitative, fits to experimental 1/T1 data for BaFe2As2, for different field orientations. We go on to show how a quantitative, angle-dependent theory for the relaxation rate leads to new ways of measuring the dynamical parameters of magnetic systems, in particular the spin wave velocities.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Uncertainty, Industrial Structure, and the Speed of R and D
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Partha
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1980
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper studies the nature and consequences of competition in R&D and the relationship between this form of competition and competition in the product market, by focusing on comparisons of speed of research, number of independent research laboratories, and level of risk undertaken. Among the results: competition in the current product market reduces the level of innovation (relative to monopoly); competition in R&D increases the level of innovation, possibly beyond the socially optimal level. Under certain conditions, it pays a monopolist to preempt potential competitors, thereby enabling the monopoly to persist. Market equilibrium may entail excessively fast research with insufficient risk-taking.
title: Chest manifestations of Erdheim-Chester disease: a review of the most common imaging findings
Creators: name: Domenech-Ximenos, Blanca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chest
subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Inflammation
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a histiocytic systemic disorder that can present with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Given the low-prevalence of this entity, we review its imaging features, specially its cardiovascular and pulmonary...
Volume element structure and roton-maxon-phonon excitations in superfluid helium beyond the Gross-Pitaevskii approximation
Creators: name: Zloshchastiev, Konstantin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a theory which deals with the structure and interactions of volume elements in liquid helium II. The approach consists of two nested models linked via parametric space. The short-wavelength part describes the interior structure of the fluid element using a non-perturbative approach based on the logarithmic wave equation; it suggests the Gaussian-like behaviour of the element's interior density and interparticle interaction potential. The long-wavelength part is the quantum many-body theory of such elements which deals with their dynamics and interactions. Our approach leads to a unified description of the phonon, maxon and roton excitations, and has noteworthy agreement with experiment: with one essential parameter to fit we reproduce at high accuracy not only the roton minimum but also the neighboring local maximum as well as the sound velocity and structure factor.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Gaussification and entanglement distillation of continuous variable systems: a unifying picture
Creators: name: Campbell, Earl T.
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distillation of entanglement using only Gaussian operations is an important primitive in quantum communication, quantum repeater architectures, and distributed quantum computing. Existing distillation protocols for continuous degrees of freedom are only known to converge to a Gaussian state when measurements yield precisely the vacuum outcome. In sharp contrast, non-Gaussian states can be deterministically converted into Gaussian states while preserving their second moments, albeit by usually reducing their degree of entanglement. In this work - based on a novel instance of a non-commutative central limit theorem - we introduce a picture general enough to encompass the known protocols leading to Gaussian states, and new classes of protocols including multipartite distillation. This gives the experimental option of balancing the merits of success probability against entanglement produced.
description: 4 + 4 pages, final version
The Plea for Asia—Tan Yunshan, Pan-Asianism and Sino-Indian Relations
Creators: name: Tsui, Brian Kai Hin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: History

description: In 1927, the Buddhist scholar, Tan Yunshan, travelled to Santiniketan on the invitation of Rabindranath Tagore to teach Chinese at Visva Bharati University. Subsequent years would see him develop close ties with the Guomindang and Congress leaders, secure Chinese state funding for the first sinological institute in India and mediate between the nationalist movements during the Second World War. That a relatively marginal academic, who participated in neither the May Fourth Movement nor any major political party, and who had little prior experience of India, could have played such an important role in twentieth century Sino-Indian relations raises questions over the conditions that made possible Tan‘s illustrious career. This article argues that Tan‘s success as an institution builder and diplomatic intermediary was attributable to his ideological affinity with the increasing disillusionment with capitalist modernity in both China and India, the shifting dynamics of the Pan-Asianist movement and the conservative turn of China‘s nationalist movement after its split with the communists in 1927. While Nationalist China and the Congress both tapped into the civilizational discourse that was supposed to bind the two societies together, the idealism Tan embodied was unable to withstand the conflict of priorities between nation-states in the emerging Cold War order.
Background dependence of dimuon asymmetry in $\bar p p$ interactions at $\sqrt{s} = 1.96$ TeV
Creators: name: Gronau, Michael
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The D0 Collaboration has reported an anomalous charge asymmetry in the production of same-sign muon pairs at the Fermilab Tevatron. The magnitude of this effect depends on the subtraction of several backgrounds, the most notable of which is due to kaons being misidentified as muons either through decays in flight or punch-through. The present authors suggested a check on such backgrounds consisting of a tight restriction on the muon impact parameter $b$, to confirm that this excess was indeed due to $B_{(s)}$ meson decays. The D0 Collaboration has performed a related check applying transverse impact parameter (IP) restrictions, whose implications are discussed. We study background asymmetry predictions for events involving two muons with IP bounds which are complementary to each other. These predictions may be used in future measurements of the net charge asymmetry from $B_{(s)}$ decays.
description: To be published in Physics Letters B
title: Sturge-Weber Syndrome: pills of neuroimaging for young radiologist
Creators: name: Giordano, Carolina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Dysplasias
subject: Haemangioma
subject: Hyperplasia / Hypertrophy
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To introduce pathophysiology of Sturge-Weber Syndrome (SWS). To describe imaging findings that are highly specific for the diagnosis of SWS. To resume the most frequent differential diagnosis &...
Azimuthal anisotropies for Au+Au collisions in the parton-hadron transient energy range
Creators: name: Konchakovski, V. P.
name: Bratkovskaya, E. L.
name: Cassing, W.
name: Toneev, V. D.
name: Voloshin, S. A.
name: Voronyuk, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The azimuthal anisotropies of the collective transverse flow of charged hadrons are investigated in a wide range of heavy-ion collision energies within the microscopic parton-hadron-string dynamics (PHSD) transport approach which incorporates explicit partonic degrees of freedom in terms of strongly interacting quasiparticles (quarks and gluons) in line with an equation of state from lattice QCD as well as the dynamical hadronization and hadronic collision dynamics in the final reaction phase. The experimentally observed increase of the elliptic flow $v_2$ of charged hadrons with collision energy is successfully described in terms of the PHSD approach. The PHSD scaling properties of various collective observables are confronted with experimental data as well as with hydrodynamic predictions. The analysis of higher-order harmonics $v_3$ and $v_4$ in the azimuthal angular distribution shows a similar tendency of growing deviations between partonic and purely hadronic models with increasing collision energy. This demonstrates that the excitation functions of azimuthal anisotropies reflect the increasing role of quark-gluon degrees of freedom in the early phase of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Furthermore, the specific variation of the ratio $v_4/(v_2)^2$ with respect to bombarding energy, centrality and transverse momentum is found to provide valuable information on the underlying dynamics.
description: 15 pages, 19 figures
Greek funerary inscription for Aischylos son of Chryson
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
title: MR imaging of congenital and infantile brain tumors
Creators: name: Chodnicka, Paulina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Paediatric
subject: Oncology
subject: CNS
subject: Paediatric
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review most common congenital and infantile brain tumors and to illustrate their radiographic features on MR examination based on an institutional...
Correspondence between geometrical and differential definitions of the sine and cosine functions and connection with kinematics
Creators: name: Petrache, Horia I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical physics, the familiar sine and cosine functions appear in two forms: (1) geometrical, in the treatment of vectors such as forces and velocities, and (2) differential, as solutions of oscillation and wave equations. These two forms correspond to two different definitions of trigonometric functions, one geometrical using right triangles and unit circles, and the other employing differential equations. Although the two definitions must be equivalent, this equivalence is not demonstrated in textbooks. In this manuscript, the equivalence between the geometrical and the differential definition is presented assuming no a priori knowledge of the properties of sine and cosine functions. We start with the usual length projections on the unit circle and use elementary geometry and elementary calculus to arrive to harmonic differential equations. This more general and abstract treatment not only reveals the equivalence of the two definitions but also provides an instructive perspective on circular and harmonic motion as studied in kinematics. This exercise can help develop an appreciation of abstract thinking in physics.
description: 6 pages including 1 figure
title: SDHx mutation and the hereditary Head- and Neck-paraganglioma: what the radiologist should know
Creators: name: Perrucci, Luca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Genetic defects
subject: Gene therapy
subject: Endocrine disorders
subject: Screening
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: PET-CT
subject: MR
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Hybrid, Molecular and Translational Imaging

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: SDHx mutation is a recent discovery in Head- and Neck-paraganglioma (HNPGLs, once known as “glomus tumors”) and genetic fields, showing its influence on imaging work-up and therapeutic approach. These pieces of knowledge are increasing over the...
Transport through Majorana nanowires attached to normal leads
Creators: name: Lim, Jong Soo
name: Lopez, Rosa
name: Serra, Llorens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a coupled channel model for transport in 2D semiconductor Majorana nanowires coupled to normal leads. When the nanowire hosts a zero mode, conspicuous signatures on the linear conductance are predicted. An effective model in second quantization allowing a fully analytical solution is used to clarify the physics. We also discuss the nonlinear current response ($dI/dV$)
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Subharmonic Distortion in Ear Canal Pressure and Intracochlear Pressure and Motion
Creators: name: Huang, Stanley
name: Dong, Wei
name: Olson, Elizabeth S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Audiology
Biomechanics

description: When driven at sound pressure levels greater than ~110 dB stimulus pressure level, the mammalian middle ear is known to produce subharmonic distortion. In this study, we simultaneously measured subharmonics in the ear canal pressure, intracochlear pressure, and basilar membrane or round window membrane velocity, in gerbil. Our primary objective was to quantify the relationship between the subharmonics measured in the ear canal and their intracochlear counterparts. We had two primary findings: (1) The subharmonics emerged suddenly, with a substantial amplitude in the ear canal and the cochlea; (2) at the stimulus level for which subharmonics emerged, the pressure in scala vestibuli/pressure in the ear canal amplitude relationship was similar for the subharmonic and fundamental components. These findings are important for experiments and clinical conditions in which high sound pressure level stimuli are used and could lead to confounding subharmonic stimulation.
Resources for Texas Sexual Assault Survivors: Inventory and Survey Findings on Services, Gaps, and Accessibility
Creators: name: Kellison, B.
name: Sulley, C
name: Kammer-Kerwick, M.
name: Susswein, M.
name: Sookram, S
name: Dragoon, S.
name: Camp, V.
name: Busch-Armendariz, N.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sexual assault
Sexual Assault Survivors’ Task Force

description: Texas is a leader among states on the issue of sexual assault, and has promoted and funded the study of sexual violence as well as created the Sexual Assault Survivors’ Task Force (SASTF) through the Office of the Texas Governor (OOG). Sexual assault is clearly established as a public health problem affecting 6.3 million women and men in the state, or 33.2% of adult Texans over their lifetime.1 This statistic comes from thorough research by the Institute on Domestic Violence & Sexual Assault (IDVSA) at The University of Texas at Austin on the prevalence and impact of sexual assault on Texans, service providers, and the social and economic system at large. The bipartisan passage of HB 1590 (86R) B signifies a continued commitment by Texas lawmakers to serve sexual assault survivors. Lawmakers and Texans alike acknowledge the seriousness of sexual assault crimes. With the research findings derived from this project, survivors and their families, professionals supporting survivors, and lawmakers can better see the landscape of resources, service provision gaps, and unmet needs across our state. The specific project aims were to: • Inventory the sexual assault services available in Texas. • Assess sexual assault survivors’ needs by region for the 11 Texas regions. • Develop a sexual assault services resource inventory. IDVSA accomplished those aims by: • Developing and implementing a statewide survey to a broad and diverse set of providers who serve survivors of sexual violence. • Conducting a collaborative analysis of the survey findings with a specific focus on service availability and service gaps, and presenting those in this report to the OOG. • Developing an HB 1590 Inventory List of the resources available to survivors across the state and delivering it to the OOG to inform the creation of a comprehensive statewide service directory in the future
Major Trends in Yiddish Parody
Creators: name: Roskies, David G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Jews

description: Yiddish parody was ubiquitous and inescapable. It marked the fault lines of Jewish modernity—the tortuous path of Jewish emancipation and counteremancipation, whether in Poland or across the ocean in North America. It marked both ends of the cultural spectrum—demotic and highbrow—and through its promiscuity, it targeted those aspects of Jewish culture that were most untouchable, sacred, secret. The scholar Dan Miron modeled, as a scholar and teacher, how to construct a theoretical model. For such a model to work it had to work globally, and for a theory to work globally, it had to follow a triadic structure. In the spirit of my topic, therefore, I shall mimic my teacher by distinguishing three "Major Trends in Yiddish Parody," which I am calling Sanctioned Parody, Militant Parody, and Sanctified Parody. Like Miron, I am reserving the best, most complex, and elusive trend for last. Unlike Miron, I am also attempting to map a trajectory—dynamic and dialectical—from medieval to modern times.
title: Intracranial venous thrombosis: an unusual suspect
Creators: name: LÓPEZ ARCAS CALLEJA, JOSÉ MARÍA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Acute
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: -To hallmark patients at risk (according to risk factors, demographics and symptomatology) in which we must suspect intracranial venous thrombosis as a potential cause of cerebrovascular disease. -To review the basic histopathological features of...
The particle yān 焉, and the phonological reduction of prepositional phrases in Old Chinese
Creators: name: Smith, Adam Daniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Asians
Classical languages

description: There is general agreement that, in some contexts, the Old Chinese (OC) particle yān 焉 behaves semantically and syntactically in a manner similar to a prepositional phrase (PP) consisting of the preposition yú 於 and a third-person pronoun (3pp) (Yang Bojun and He Leshi 1992, 19–20; Pulleyblank 1995, 80–81). This was first clearly stated by Kennedy (1940a; 1940b; 1953), who additionally noted that, in two of the three Middle Chinese (MC) readings for yān 焉, the initial (ʔ- 影) is the same as that of the preposition yú 於. Kennedy saw that this syntactic and semantic equivalence with a PP was the result of a diachronic process that reduced the bisyllabic PP to a monosyllabic "fusion word". Kennedy was writing before the growth of a substantial literature on grammaticalization in the 80s and 90s (Hopper and Traugott 1993). We can now describe the origins of yān 焉 in terms of irregular (i.e. lexically specific) phonological reduction concomitant with grammaticalization. The issue of which 3pp was the second element in the original PP was never resolved. Two errors in Kennedy's original presentation went uncorrected and proved a distraction in most subsequent treatments. The first problem is Kennedy's phonological argument, which concluded that the 3pp should be pronounced like -an (1940b, 204). The second, a mistake which long precedes Kennedy, is an incorrect analysis of the graph 焉. This paper reaffirms Kennedy's proposal that the particle yān 焉 is, historically, the result of a phonological reduction of a high-frequency PP involving the preposition yú 於 and a 3pp. It further shows that this was part of a more general process which affected high-frequency PPs combining several different prepositions (the discussion will be confined to yú 於, yú 于) and several different 3pps (including zhī 之, shì 是 and hé 何). The MC readings for yān 焉 derive from the PP yúshì 於是. The graph yān 焉 arose from a héwén (合文) writing for the PP yúshì 於是.
title: Evaluation of intercranial aneurysms after coil emoblization by using magneticresonance contrast enhanced MR angiography with temporal resolution (TWIST)on 3T MRI
Creators: name: Dojcinov-Davitkov, Nina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: MRI
subject: CNS
subject: Contrast agents
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: This poster aims to analyze the TWIST MRI techniqueto assess its sensitivity and specify in the evaluation of embolised aneurysms, and to compare the obtained findings with the results acquired DSA...
Diversity and engagement in alternative food practice : community gardens in Vancouver, British Columbia
Creators: name: Seto, Darlene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Community gardens are experiencing a popular resurgence. Across North America, there is growing support for more sustainable food production and consumption practices distinct from the conventional or industrialized food system. Despite increasing popularity, these alternative food practices have been criticized as non-inclusive, catering to privileged segments of the population. This research investigates the criticism of non-inclusion by examining participant diversity in community gardens within the City of Vancouver, British Columbia. Multiple elements of demographic diversity are considered, including age, gender, and income, although there is particular emphasis on racial and ethnic background. Overall, results from 12 semi-structured interviews and a survey of 192 community garden members reveal significant demographic differences between garden participants and the general public. In particular, visible minority, non-English language speaking, lower-income, and lower-educational status individuals were disproportionately under-represented among the garden participants surveyed. Demographic variations in participants’ gardening motivations were also found; lower income participants placed a much higher level of importance on using their garden to save on food cost, as opposed to high income participants. Despite such differences, the majority of participants report a high sense of community and satisfaction in their community garden, suggesting feelings of inclusion, at least among garden members. Based upon these results, it is recommended that the City of Vancouver should continue to support community gardens, but revise garden policy priorities to encourage wider participation among visible minority members, as well as better enable low-income populations to meet food security needs.
Decoupling constant for $α_s$ and the effective gluon-Higgs coupling to three loops in supersymmetric QCD
Creators: name: Kurz, Alexander
name: Steinhauser, Matthias
name: Zerf, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the three-loop QCD corrections to the decoupling constant for $α_s$ which relates the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model to Quantum Chromodynamics with five or six active flavours. The new results can be used to study the stability of $α_s$ evaluated at a high scale from the knowledge of its value at $M_Z$. We furthermore derive a low-energy theorem which allows the calculation of the coefficient function of the effective Higgs boson-gluon operator from the decoupling constant. This constitutes the first independent check of the matching coefficient to three loops.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, v2: figure with Feynman diagrams added, references added
Finite-time blowup and global-in-time unbounded solutions to a parabolic-parabolic quasilinear Keller-Segel system in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Cieślak, Tomasz
name: Stinner, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B44, 35K20, 35K55, 92C17

description: In this paper we consider quasilinear Keller-Segel type systems of two kinds in higher dimensions. In the case of a nonlinear diffusion system we prove an optimal (with respect to possible nonlinear diffusions generating explosion in finite time of solutions) finite-time blowup result. In the case of a cross-diffusion system we give results which are optimal provided one assumes some proper non-decay of a nonlinear chemical sensitivity. Moreover, we show that once we do not assume the above mentioned non-decay, our result cannot be as strong as in the case of nonlinear diffusion without nonlinear cross-diffusion terms. To this end we provide an example, interesting by itself, of global-in-time unbounded solutions to the nonlinear cross-diffusion Keller-Segel system with chemical sensitivity decaying fast enough, in a range of parameters in which there is a finite-time blowup result in a corresponding case without nonlinear cross-diffusion.
description: 19 pages
Observation of the rare decay B+->K+pi0pi0 and measurement of the quasi-two body contributions B+->K*(892)+pi0, B+->f0(980)K+ and B+->chic0K+
Creators: name: The BaBar Collaboration
name: Lees, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an analysis of the charmless hadronic decays of charged B meson to the final state K+pi0pi0, using a data sample of 470+/-2.8 million BBbar events collected at the Y(4S) resonance. We observe an excess of signal events, with a significance above 10 standard deviations including systematic uncertainties, and measure the branching fraction and CP asymmetry to be B(B+->K+pi0pi0)=(16.2+/-1.2+/-1.5)x10^-6 and A_CP(B+->K+pi0pi0)=-0.06+/-0.06+/-0.04, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic respectively. Additionally we study the contributions of the B+->K*(892)+pi0, B+->f0(980)K+ and B+->chic0K+ quasi-two body decays. We report the world's best measurements of the branching fractions and CP asymmetry of the B+->K+pi0pi0 and B+->K*(892)+pi0 channels.
title: Low-intensity management promotes bryophyte diversity in grasslands
title: Extensive Landnutzung fördert die Moosdiversität im Grünland
Creators: name: Boch, Steffen
name: Müller, Jorg
name: Prati, Daniel
name: Fischer, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Bryophytes constitute an important and permanent component of the grassland flora and diversity in Europe. As most bryophyte species are sensitive to habitat change, their diversity is likely to decline following land-use intensification. Most previous studies on bryophyte diversity focused on specific habitats of high bryophyte diversity, such as bogs, montane grasslands, or calcareous dry grasslands. In contrast, mesic grasslands are rarely studied, although they are the most common grassland habitat in Europe. They are secondary vegetation, maintained by agricultural use and thus, are influenced by different forms of land use. We studied bryophyte species richness in three regions in Germany, in 707 plots of 16 m2 representing different land-use types and environmental conditions. Our study is one of the few to inspect the relationships between bryophyte richness and land use across contrasting regions and using a high number of replicates.Among the managed grasslands, pastures harboured 2.5 times more bryophyte species than mead-ows and mown pastures. Similarly, bryophyte cover was about twice as high in fallows and pastures than in meadows and mown pastures. Among the pastures, bryophyte species richness was about three times higher in sheep grazed plots than in the ones grazed by cattle or horses. In general, bryophyte species richness and cover was more than 50% lower in fertilized than in unfertilized plots. Moreover, the amount of suitable substrates was linked to bryophyte diversity. Species richness of bryophytes growing on stones increased with stone cover, and the one of bryophytes growing on bark and deadwood increased with larger values of woody plant species and deadwood cover. Our findings highlight the importance of low-intensity land use and high structural heterogeneity for bryophyte conservation. They also caution against an intensification of traditionally managed pastures. In the light of our results, we recommend to maintain low-intensity sheep grazing on sites with low productivity, such as slopes on shallow soils.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1049
Local density of states of the one-dimensional spinless fermion model
Creators: name: Jeckelmann, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the local density of states of the one-dimensional half-filled spinless fermion model with nearest-neighbor hopping t>0 and interaction V in its Luttinger liquid phase -2t < V <= 2t. The bulk density of states and the local density of states in open chains are calculated over the full band width 4t with an energy resolution <= 0.08t using the dynamical density-matrix renormalization group (DDMRG) method. We also perform DDMRG simulations with a resolution of 0.01t around the Fermi energy to reveal the power-law behaviour predicted by the Luttinger liquid theory for bulk and boundary density of states. The exponents are determined using a finite-size scaling analysis of DDMRG data for lattices with up to 3200 sites. The results agree with the exact exponents given by the Luttinger liquid theory combined with the Bethe Ansatz solution. The crossover from boundary to bulk density of states is analyzed. We have found that boundary effects can be seen in the local density of states at all energies even far away from the chain edges.
Coherent radial breathing like phonons in graphene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Sanders, G. D.
name: Nugraha, A. R. T.
name: Saito, R.
name: Stanton, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a microscopic theory for the generation and detection of coherent phonons in armchair and zigzag carbon nanoribbons using an extended tight-binding model for the electronic states and a valence force field model for the phonons. The coherent phonon amplitudes satisfy a driven oscillator equation with the driving term depending on photoexcited carrier density. We examine the coherent phonon radial breathing like mode amplitudes as a function of excitation energies and nanoribbon types. For photoexcitation near the optical absorption edge the coherent phonon driving term for the radial breathing like mode is much larger for zigzag nanoribbons where transitions between localized edge states provide the dominant contribution to the coherent phonon driving term. Using an effective mass theory, we explain how the armchair nanoribbon width changes in response to laser excitation.
description: 20 pages, 23 figures
Additional file 1: of Impact of an innovative financing and payment model on tuberculosis patientsâ financial burden: is tuberculosis care more affordable for the poor?
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei-Xi
name: Long, Qian
name: Lucas, Henry
name: Dong, Di
name: Chen, Jia-Ying
name: Xiang, Li
name: Li, Qiang
name: Huang, Fei
name: Wang, Hong
name: Elbers, Chris
name: Cobelens, Frank
name: Tang, Sheng-Lan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Multilingual abstracts in the five official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 563 kb)
High efficiency nanocomposite sorbents for CO2 capture based on amine-functionalized mesoporous capsules
Creators: name: Qi, Genggeng
name: Wang, Yanbing
name: Estevez, Luis
name: Duan, Xiaonan
name: Anako, Nkechi
name: Park, Ah-Hyung
name: Li, Wen
name: Jones, Christopher W.
name: Giannelis, Emmanuel P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Chemistry, Physical and theoretical

description: A novel high efficiency nanocomposite sorbent for CO2 capture has been developed based on oligomeric amine (polyethylenimine, PEI, and tetraethylenepentamine, TEPA) functionalized mesoporous silica capsules. The newly synthesized sorbents exhibit extraordinary capture capacity up to 7.9 mmol g-1 under simulated flue gas conditions (pre-humidified 10% CO2). The CO2 capture kinetics were found to be fast and reached 90% of the total capacities within the first few minutes. The effects of the mesoporous capsule features such as particle size and shell thickness on CO2 capture capacity were investigated. Larger particle size, higher interior void volume and thinner mesoporous shell thickness all improved the CO2 capacity of the sorbents. PEI impregnated sorbents showed good reversibility and stability during cyclic adsorption-regeneration tests (50 cycles).
Investigation of CO2 capture mechanisms of liquid-like nanoparticle organic hybrid materials via structural characterization
Creators: name: Park, Youngjune
name: Decatur, John D.
name: Lin, Kun-Yi
name: Park, Ah-Hyung
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Chemistry, Physical and theoretical

description: Nanoparticle organic hybrid materials (NOHMs) have been recently developed that comprise an oligomeric or polymeric canopy tethered to surface-modified nanoparticles via ionic or covalent bonds. It has already been shown that the tunable nature of the grafted polymeric canopy allows for enhanced CO2 capture capacity and selectivity via the enthalpic intermolecular interactions between CO2 and the task-specific functional groups, such as amines. Interestingly, for the same amount of CO2 loading NOHMs have also exhibited significantly different swelling behavior compared to that of the corresponding polymers, indicating a potential structural effect during CO2 capture. If the frustrated canopy species favor spontaneous ordering due to steric and/or entropic effects, the inorganic cores of NOHMs could be organized into unusual structural arrangements. Likewise, the introduction of small gaseous molecules such as CO2 could reduce the free energy of the frustrated canopy. This entropic effect, the result of unique structural nature, could allow NOHMs to capture CO2 more effectively. In order to isolate the entropic effect, NOHMs were synthesized without the task-specific functional groups. The relationship between their structural conformation and the underlying mechanisms for the CO2 absorption behavior were investigated by employing NMR and ATR FT-IR spectroscopies. The results provide fundamental information needed for evaluating and developing novel liquid-like CO2 capture materials and give useful insights for designing and synthesizing NOHMs for more effective CO2 capture.
Probing the anomalous extinction of four young star clusters: the use of colour-excess, main sequence fitting and fractal analysis
Creators: name: Fernandes, B.
name: Gregorio-Hetem, J.
name: Hetem, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four young star clusters were studied in order to characterize their anomalous extinction or variable reddening that could be due to a possible contamination by dense clouds or circumstellar effects. The extinction law (Rv) was evaluated by adopting two methods: (i) the use of theoretical expressions based on the colour-excess of stars with known spectral type, and (ii) the analysis of two-colour diagrams, where the slope of observed colours distribution is compared to the normal distribution. An algorithm to reproduce the zero age main sequence (ZAMS) reddened colours was developed in order to derive the average visual extinction (Av) that provides the best fitting of the observational data. The structure of the clouds was evaluated by means of statistical fractal analysis, aiming to compare their geometric structure with the spatial distribution of the cluster members. The cluster NGC 6530 is the only object of our sample showing anomalous extinction. In average, the other clusters are suffering normal extinction, but several of their members, mainly in NGC 2264, seem to have high Rv, probably due to circumstellar effects. The ZAMS fitting provides Av values that are in good agreement with those found in the literature. The fractal analysis shows that NGC 6530 has a centrally concentrated distribution of stars that is different of the sub-structures found in the density distribution of the cloud projected in the Av map, suggesting that the original cloud has been changed with the cluster formation. On the other hand, the fractal dimension and the statistical parameters of Berkeley 86, NGC 2244, and NGC 2264 indicate a good cloud-cluster correlation, when compared to other works based on artificial distribution of points.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Measuring the Impact of Hurricane Katrina on Access to a Personal Healthcare Provider: The Use of the National Survey of Children's Health for an External Comparison Group
Creators: name: Stehling-Ariza, Tasha
name: Park, Yoon Soo
name: Sury, Jonathan
name: Abramson, David M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Child disaster victims
Child health services
Health services accessibility
Hurricane Katrina (2005)

description: This paper examined the effect of Hurricane Katrina on children's access to personal healthcare providers and evaluated the use of propensity score methods to compare a nationally representative sample of children, as a proxy for an unexposed group, with a smaller exposed sample. 2007 data from the Gulf Coast Child and Family Health (G-CAFH) Study, a longitudinal cohort of households displaced or greatly impacted by Hurricane Katrina, were matched with 2007 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) data using propensity score techniques. Propensity scores were created using poverty level, household educational attainment, and race/ethnicity, with and without the addition of child age and gender. The outcome was defined as having a personal healthcare provider. Additional confounders (household structure, neighborhood safety, health and insurance status) were also examined. All covariates except gender differed significantly between the exposed (G-CAFH) and unexposed (NSCH) samples. Fewer G-CAFH children had a personal healthcare provider (65 %) compared to those from NSCH (90 %). Adjusting for all covariates, the propensity score analysis showed exposed children were 20 % less likely to have a personal healthcare provider compared to unexposed children in the US (OR = 0.80, 95 % CI 0.76, 0.84), whereas the logistic regression analysis estimated a stronger effect (OR = 0.28, 95 % CI 0.21, 0.39). Two years after Hurricane Katrina, children exposed to the storm had significantly lower odds of having a personal health care provider compared to unexposed children. Propensity score matching techniques may be useful for combining separate data samples when no clear unexposed group exists.
title: Different Faces of Intracranial Tuberculosis
Creators: name: erdemli, servet
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Oedema
subject: Infection
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the different imaging findings of intracranial tuberculosis,which is challenging to diagnose with laboratory results and clinic examination. To be familiar with complications of intracranial...
Mean-field theory for the inverse Ising problem at low temperatures
Creators: name: Nguyen, H. Chau
name: Berg, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The large amounts of data from molecular biology and neuroscience have lead to a renewed interest in the inverse Ising problem: how to reconstruct parameters of the Ising model (couplings between spins and external fields) from a number of spin configurations sampled from the Boltzmann measure. To invert the relationship between model parameters and observables (magnetisations and correlations) mean-field approximations are often used, allowing to determine model parameters from data. However, all known mean-field methods fail at low temperatures with the emergence of multiple thermodynamic states. Here we show how clustering spin configurations can approximate these thermodynamic states, and how mean-field methods applied to thermodynamic states allow an efficient reconstruction of Ising models also at low temperatures.
The US pandemic influenza implementation plan at six months
Creators: name: Morse, Stephen S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public health
Emergency management
Epidemics
Influenza

description: There has been great concern recently about pandemic influenza. The US government developed a National Strategy for Pandemic Influenza in November 2005, followed by an implementation plan in May 2006. A six-month progress report was published in late December. The current strategies are intended to improve preparedness and response for the next influenza pandemic. In comparison with the optimistic neglect that often characterized past planning for pandemic influenza, there has been considerable progress on a number of fronts in the past year. Despite this progress, major gaps remain. These include the coordination, encouragement and funding of international surveillance and cooperation; the need for new and more agile vaccine technologies; limitations in the use and distribution of antiviral agents; and communication with, and resources for, local responders and the public. One question is why, despite an estimated 36,000 seasonal influenza deaths annually in the United States alone, and a much greater number during pandemics, relatively little new basic research has been done for decades. This emphasizes both the need for and the difficulty of sustaining pandemic preparedness.
Setting the record wrong: a Sanskrit vision of Mughal conquests
Creators: name: Truschke, Audrey Angeline
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: South Asians

description: In 1589, Padmasāgara wrote the first Sanskrit account of the Mughal rise to power within a short poem titled Jagadgurukāvya (Poem on the Teacher of the World). The work primarily eulogizes the life of a Jain religious leader named Hīravijaya, but Padmasāgara devotes one-third of the text to detailing the military exploits of Humayun and Akbar. Moreover, Padmasāgara departs significantly from known Indo-Persian historiography and imagines a startlingly innovative storyline for the early days of the Mughal Empire. Through this substantial rewriting, he furthermore consistently depicts the coerced establishment of Mughal rule as engendering the flourishing of Indian cultural and religious traditions. In this article, I provide the first detailed account of Padmasāgara's presentation of the battles of Humayun and Akbar to secure their claims over the subcontinent. I then seek to understand the motivations that fuelled this particular narrative by placing Jagadgurukāvya in the context of Gujarati relations with the Mughal court, Jain religious interests and historical sensibilities in early modern India. In his account of the early Mughal Empire, Padmasāgara crafts a political vision in which history is not constituted by a set of unchangeable facts but rather by a range of potential cultural implications that can be best realized through literature. His ambitious narrative about the recent past has important implications for how we understand early modern Sanskrit historiography and its relationship to Mughal power.
title: Imaging aspects of rare breast pathology: case series
Creators: name: Meetescu , Raluca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Breast
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Oncology
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Not applicable
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Multicentre study

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Nowadays, current imaging techniques, correlated with histopathological reports, establish diagnosis from early stages of all breast pathology, either benign or malignant, significantly increasing life expectancy. We aim to present atypical imaging...