cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2: of Targeted next generation sequencing as a tool for precision medicine
Creators: name: Gulilat, Markus
name: Lamb, Tyler
name: Teft, Wendy
name: Wang, Jian
name: Dron, Jacqueline
name: Robinson, John
name: Tirona, Rommel
name: Hegele, Robert
name: Kim, Richard
name: Schwarz, Ute
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1. Mean (±SD) read count per subject (duplicates removed) stratified by sequencing cluster (n = 246). Figure S2. Number of reads versus mean base quality score (Phred scale) per read for all sequencing runs (n = 246). Figure S3. Assessment of guanine and cytosine [GC] content within sequencing reads (n = 246). Histogram of the average percent GC content across total reads (A). Relationship between subjects average GC content and coverage (B). Figure S4. Mean (±SD) depth of coverage (DOC) across the targeted sequence for CES1 and CBR1 showing the inaccessible target regions. Figure S5. Study minor allele frequencies (MAF) in relation to the reported MAF in 1000 Genomes Project (1000G) and Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) datasets. Figure S6. In silico functional prediction scores for genetic variants identified among 235 subjects. Rare or novel variations had a greater proportion of possibly deleterious prediction scores for all three algorithms (SIFT, Polyphen-2 and CADD). Figure S7. Zygosity of the potentially deleterious variants (CADD scaled score greater than 20) per subject (n = 235), showing there were more heterozygous compared to homozygous variants per subject. Figure S8. Single nucleotide variants (SNV) per subject (n = 235) found in cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes (CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2B6, CYP2C19, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2J2, CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP4F2) that are potentially deleterious variants (CADD scaled score greater than 20) separated by zygosity. Figure S9. Number of Pharmacogenomics Knowledge Base (PharmGKB) “Level 1A/1B” variants (categorized as having strong supporting evidence for affecting drug efficacy/response and/or specific prescribing recommendations https://www.pharmgkb.org/clinicalAnnotations ) found in 235 subjects separated by zygosity. Figure S10. Histogram of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene coverage as a fraction total subject coverage in 235 subjects. (PDF 2439 kb)
Killing spinors from classical r-matrices
Creators: name: Orlando, Domenico
name: Reffert, Susanne
name: Sekiguchi, Yuta
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Yang-Baxter (YB) deformation is a systematic way of performibg integrable deformations of two-dimensional symmetric non-linear sigma models. The deformations can be labeled by classical $r$-matrices satisfying the classical YB equation. This YB deformation is also applicable to type IIB superstring theory defined on $\mathrm{AdS}_5\times S^5$. In this case, a simple class of YB deformation is associated with TsT transformations of string backgrounds. The data of this transformation is encoded in an antisymmetric bi-vector $Θ$ (which is often called $β$ field or non-commutativity parameter). In this article, we give a simple recipe for obtaining the explicit expression for the Killing spinors of the TsT transformed background starting from $Θ$. We moreover discuss the M-theory equivalent of the TsT transformation, allowing us to also give Killing spinors of 11-dimensional backgrounds. We discuss examples of TsT transformed backgrounds starting from flat space, $\mathrm{AdS}_{5}\times S^5$ and $\mathrm{AdS}_{7}\times S^4$. We find that in this way we can relate the $Ω$-deformation to YB deformations.
description: 50 pages, typos corrected. Version published in J.Phys.A
The magnetic desert from the MiMeS perspective
Creators: name: Wade, Gregg
name: Shultz, Matt
name: Petit, Veronique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: stars
magnetic fields

description: The Magnetism in Massive Stars (MiMeS) project surveyed over 550 bright O- and B-type stars with the aim to understand the population properties of their magnetic fields (Wade et al. 2016). Analyses of the entire sample of O-type stars are complete (Grunhut et al. 2017, Petit et al. 2019), as are detailed investigations of the known population of magnetic early B-type stars (Shultz et al. 2018, 2019ab, 2020). Analysis of the remaining population of normal B-type stars (e.g. Bennett et al. 2020) and classical Be stars (e.g. Wade et al. 2016) are in an advanced state. Using this unprecedented observational foundation, informed by recent theoretical modeling (e.g. Keszthelyi et al. 2020, Cerrahoglu et al. 2020), we are able to derive a variety of conclusions and constraints concerning the existence and properties of the magnetic desert.
Non-Topological Majorana Zero Modes in Inhomogeneous Spin Ladders
Creators: name: Robinson, Neil J.
name: Altland, Alexander
name: Egger, Reinhold
name: Gergs, Niklas M.
name: Li, Wei
name: Schuricht, Dirk
name: Tsvelik, Alexei M.
name: Weichselbaum, Andreas
name: Konik, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the coupling of homogeneous Heisenberg spin-1/2 ladders in different phases leads to the formation of interfacial zero energy Majorana bound states. Unlike Majorana bound states at the interfaces of topological quantum wires, these states are void of topological protection and generally susceptible to local perturbations of the host spin system. However, a key message of our work is that in practice they show a high degree of resilience over wide parameter ranges which may make them interesting candidates for applications.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
An Origin for Pulsar Kicks in Supernova Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Burrows, Adam
name: Hayes, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now believed that pulsars comprise the fastest population of stars in the galaxy. With inferred mean, root-mean-square, and maximum 3-D pulsar speeds of $\sim$300-500 km/s, $\sim$500 km/s, and $\sim$2000 km/s, respectively, the question of the origin of such singular proper motions becomes acute. What mechanism can account for speeds that range from zero to twice the galactic escape velocity? We speculate that a major vector component of a neutron star's proper motion comes from the hydrodynamic recoil of the nascent neutron star during the supernova explosion in which it is born. Recently, theorists have shown that asymmetries and instabilities are a natural aspect of supernova dynamics. In this paper, we highlight two phenomena: 1) the ``Brownian-like'' stochastic motion of the core in response to the convective ``boiling'' of the mantle of the protoneutron star during the post-bounce, pre-explosion accretion phase, and 2) the asymmetrical bounce and explosion of an aspherically collapsing Chandrasekhar core.In principle,either phenomenon can leave the young neutron star with a speed of hundreds of kilometers per second.
description: Nine Pages, APS REVTeX format, encapsulated postscript figures, postscript version of text and figures available from burrows@cobalt.physics.arizona.edu
Additional file 12 of Exosomal microRNAs are novel circulating biomarkers in cigarette, waterpipe smokers, E-cigarette users and dual smokers
Creators: name: Singh, Kameshwar P.
name: Maremanda, Krishna P.
name: Li, Dongmei
name: Rahman, Irfan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 12: Supplementary Table 12. Differential expressed tRNAs from plasma exosomes of E-cigarette users in comparison to non-smokers.
From Claringbullite to a new spin liquid candidate Cu$_3$Zn(OH)$_6$FCl
Creators: name: Feng, Zili
name: Yi, Wei
name: Zhu, Kejia
name: Ma, Jie
name: Luo, Jianlin
name: Li, Shiliang
name: Meng, Zi Yang
name: Shi, Youguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for quantum spin liquid (QSL) materials has attracted significant attention in the field of condensed matter physics in recent years, but until now only a handful of them are considered as candidates hosting QSL ground state. Owning to their geometrically frustrated structure, Kagome materials are ideal system to realize QSL. In this study, we synthesized the kagome structured material Claringbullite (Cu$_4$(OH)$_6$FCl) and then performed Zn doping to form Cu$_3$Zn(OH)$_6$FCl. Comprehensive measurements reveal that doping Zn$^{2+}$ ions transforms magnetically ordered Cu$_4$(OH)$_6$FCl into a non-magnetic QSL candidate Cu$_3$Zn(OH)$_6$FCl. Therefore, the successful syntheses of Cu$_4$(OH)$_6$FCl and Cu$_3$Zn(OH)$_6$FCl not only provide a new platform for the study of QSL but also a novel pathway of investigating the transition between QSL and magnetically ordered systems.
Nuclear-to-Disk Rotation Curves of Galaxies in the H_alpha and [NII] Emission Lines
Creators: name: Sofue, Yoshiaki
name: Tomita, Akihiko
name: Tutui, Yoshinori
name: Honma, Mareki
name: Takeda, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained optical CCD spectroscopy along the major axes of 22 nearby spiral galaxies of Sb and Sc types in order to analyze their rotation curves. By subtracting the stellar continuum emission, we have obtained position velocity (PV) diagrams of the H alpha and [NII] lines. We point out that the H alphaline is often superposed by a broad stellar absorption feature (Balmer wind) in the nuclear regions, and, therefore, the [NII] line is a better tracer of kinematics in the central a few hundred pc regions. By applying the envelope-tracing technique to the H alpha and [NII] PV diagrams, we have derived nucleus-to-disk rotation curves of the observed galaxies. The rotation curves rise steeply within the central a few hundred parsecs, indicating rapidly rotating nuclear disk and mass concentration near the nucleus. [For more rotation curves : http://www.ioa.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/]
description: 10 pages Latex, 8 fig. directories, each 22 galaxies ps figures. PASJ Vol. 50, No.5, in press
Cognitive impairment in treated HIV-disease
Creators: name: Underwood, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Background Combination antiretroviral therapy has dramatically improved the outlook for people living with HIV-infection worldwide. As such, the focus of care in well-treated individuals has shifted to the management of long-term comorbidities, such as cognitive impairment. However, the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in virologically suppressed individuals is unclear. Aims To determine the prevalence, characteristics and understand the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in well-treated HIV-positive individuals and to assess biomarkers for their ability to predict cognitive impairment and longitudinal changes in cognition. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of two European cohorts (POPPY and COBRA) and longitudinal analysis of the CHARTER cohort using blood, cerebrospinal fluid, clinical, cognitive and neuroimaging data with advanced statistical techniques including machine-learning. Results Firstly, cognitive impairment was prevalent in ~20% of successfully treated patients compared to ~5% in demographically comparable controls. However, it was mild, not clearly associated with symptoms and remained stable over time. Additionally, the prevalence depended on the diagnostic method used, with simulation data demonstrating that the commonly used ‘Frascati criteria’ classifies impairment in ~25-50% of a normative control population. Secondly, cognitive impairment in well-treated patients was predominantly associated with white matter microstructural injury rather than grey or white matter atrophy and using multivariate machine learning techniques could be predicted with up to 80% accuracy. Thirdly, greater exposure to efavirenz and nevirapine were associated with clinical and neuroimaging signals of CNS neurotoxicity. However, these results should be interpreted with caution given their cross-sectional nature and limited sample size (n=60). Nevertheless, they justify further, prospective study given that millions are prescribed these drugs worldwide. Conclusions Cognitive impairment was more prevalent in well-treated HIV-positive patients compared to well matched controls, with white matter microstructural injury sustained before sustained suppression of HIV-viraemia the likely pathogenic driver. Reassuringly however, this impairment was generally mild, asymptomatic and remains stable over time.
Heavier alkaline earth metal catalysis and application to organic synthesis
Creators: name: Reid, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This thesis describes the application of complexes of heavier alkaline earth metals to the intramolecular hydroalkoxylation/cyclisation of alkynyl and allenyl alcohols and in addition, to the hydroamination of polyunsaturated arenes. Cyclisation of alkynyl alcohols was achieved using [Ae{N(SiMe3)2}2] (Ae = Ca, Sr, Ba) in the formation of five- and six-membered enol ethers. The cyclisations produced mixtures of the possible endo- and exocyclic enol ether products, rationalised as a consequence of alkyne/allene isomerisation. Although a ‘catalyst of choice’ could not be deduced, [Ba{N(SiMe3)2}2] proved highly effective in these cyclisations. Extension of the hydroalkoxylation towards tandem C−O/C−C formation was attempted with dialkynyl alcohols but in all cases led to monocyclisation of the substrates. Catalytic tandem C−N bond-forming reactions have been successfully applied to the double hydroamination of polyunsaturated arenes using heteroleptic complexes of the type [LAe{N(SiMe3)2}(THF)n] (Ae = Ca, Sr, Ba). Chemo- and regioselective hydroamination reactions are coupled in sequence to construct tetrahydroisoquinoline frameworks. The amine scope of these reactions was determined and results have shown that these regioselective transformations occur under significant stereoelectronic control.
A Gamma-Ray Monte Carlo Study of the Clumpy Debris of SN1987A
Creators: name: Burrows, Adam
name: Van Riper, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed Monte Carlo calculations of gamma-ray transport in models of the clumpy debris cloud of the LMC supernova, SN1987A, to study the influence of composition mixing and heterogeneity on its emergent gamma-ray and X-ray fluxes. In particular, we have focused on the problematic Ginga band (16 -- 28 keV) flux at day 600, whose measured value was an order of magnitude higher than predicted by previous theory. We find that the hydrogen of the envelope could not have been intimately mixed with the heavy elements of the core and that the hydrogen/helium volume filling factor interior to 4000 km/s must have been large ($\ge 40\%$). A physical separation of the scattering region and the regions occupied by the high-Z elements is required. The 600-day models that best fit both the line data at 847 keV and 1238 keV and the measured Ginga band fluxes suggest that as much as 50\% of the explosively produced $^{56}$Ni stayed interior to 1000 km s$^{-1}$ and 2 M$_\odot$. The $^{56}$Ni may have been more centrally-concentrated than in the benchmark models. $^{56}$Ni filling factors greater than 60\% are not preferred, since such models are too good at absorbing photons below 100 keV. Furthermore, a total envelope mass between 10 $\mdot$ and 15 $\mdot$ is favored.
description: 26 pages, AASTeX Latex, 5 figures (available from authors), Tables at the end of file to be LaTeX'ed separate from the text, submitted to the Ap. J
The Equivalence Principle at Work in Radiation from Unaccelerated Atoms and Mirrors
Creators: name: Fulling, S. A.
name: Wilson, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T10, 83C99

description: The equivalence principle is a perennial subject of controversy, especially in connection with radiation by a uniformly accelerated classical charge, or a freely falling charge observed by a supported detector. Recently, related issues have been raised in connection with the Unruh radiation associated with accelerated detectors (including two-level atoms and resonant cavities). A third type of system, very easy to analyze because of conformal invariance, is a two-dimensional scalar field interacting with perfectly reflecting boundaries (mirrors). After reviewing the issues for atoms and cavities, we investigate a stationary mirror from the point of view of an accelerated detector in "Rindler space". In keeping with the conclusions of earlier authors about the electromagnetic problem, we find that a radiative effect is indeed observed; from an inertial point of view, the process arises from a collision of the negative vacuum energy of Rindler space with the mirror. There is a qualitative symmetry under interchange of accelerated and inertial subsystems (a vindication of the equivalence principle), but it hinges on the accelerated detector's being initially in its own "Rindler vacuum". This observation is consistent with the recent work on the Unruh problem.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures; to appear in a festschrift for Wolfgang Schleich. v2 improves exposition; conclusions are stated more precisely but are not essentially changed
Majorana corner states in a two-dimensional magnetic topological insulator on a high-temperature superconductor
Creators: name: Liu, Tao
name: He, James Jun
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional $n$-dimensional topological superconductors (TSCs) have protected gapless $(n - 1)$-dimensional boundary states. In contrast to this, second-order TSCs are characterized by topologically protected gapless $(n - 2)$-dimensional states with usual gapped $(n - 1)$-boundaries. Here, we study a second-order TSC with a two-dimensional (2D) magnetic topological insulator (TI) proximity-coupled to a high-temperature superconductor, where Majorana bound states (MBSs) are localized at the corners of a square sample with gapped edge modes. Due to the mirror symmetry of the hybrid system considered here, there are two MBSs at each corner for both cases: d-wave and $s_{\pm}$-wave superconducting pairing. We present the corresponding topological phase diagrams related to the role of the magnetic exchange interaction and the pairing amplitude. A detailed analysis, based on edge theory, reveals the origin of the existence of MBSs at the corners of the 2D sample, which results from the sign change of the Dirac mass emerging at the intersection of any two adjacent edges due to pairing symmetry. Possible experimental realizations are discussed. Our proposal offers a promising platform for realizing MBSs and performing possible non-Abelian braiding in 2D systems.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. Published version
Computational prediction of tripeptide-dipeptide co-assembly
Creators: name: Moreira, Inês P.
name: Scott, Gary G.
name: Ulijn, Rein V.
name: Tuttle, Tell
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we describe the development of a computational screening approach for tripeptide-dipeptide co-assembly. Studies are carried out both in water and in oil–water mixtures, to evaluate possible candidates that give rise to hydrogels or more stable emulsions, respectively, through nanofibre formation. The results give rise to design rules for the identification of promising systems for numerous types of soft materials. The possibility of achieving innovative functional materials through the co-assembly of tripeptides and dipeptides is studied. In particular, coarse-grained simulations allowed for the extraction of some promising dipeptides that, together with H-aspartyl-phenylalanyl-phenylalanine-OH (DFF), are able to act as hydrogelators or emulsifiers with superior characteristics relative to DFF on its own.
The Structure and Clustering of Lyman Break Galaxies
Creators: name: Mo, H. J.
name: Mao, Shude
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number density and clustering properties of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) are consistent with them being the central galaxies of the most massive dark halos present at z~3. This conclusion holds in all currently popular hierarchical models for structure formation, and is almost independent of the global cosmological parameters. We examine whether the sizes, luminosities, kinematics and star-formation rates of LBGs are also consistent with this identification. Simple formation models tuned to give good fits to low redshift galaxies can predict the distribution of these quantities in the LBG population. The LBGs should be small (with typical half-light radii of 0.6-2 kpc/h), should inhabit haloes of moderately high circular velocity (180-290 km/s) but have low stellar velocity dispersions (70-120 km/s) and should have substantial star formation rates (15-100 Msun/yr). The numbers here refer to the predicted median values in the LBG sample of Adelberger et al. (1998); the first assumes an Omega=1 universe and the second a flat universe with Omega=0.3. For either cosmology these predictions are consistent with the current (rather limited) observational data. Following the work of Kennicutt (1998) we assume stars to form more rapidly in gas of higher surface density. This predicts that LBG samples should preferentially contain objects with low angular momentum, and so small size, for their mass. In contrast, samples of damped Lyman alpha systems (DLSs), should be biased towards objects with large angular momentum. Bright LBGs and DLSs may therefore form distinct populations, with very different sizes and star formation rates, LBGs being smaller and more metal-rich than DLSs of similar mass and redshift.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, MNRAS submitted
Additional file 13 of Exosomal microRNAs are novel circulating biomarkers in cigarette, waterpipe smokers, E-cigarette users and dual smokers
Creators: name: Singh, Kameshwar P.
name: Maremanda, Krishna P.
name: Li, Dongmei
name: Rahman, Irfan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 13: Supplementary Table 13. Differential expressed tRNAs from plasma exosomes of dual smokers in comparison to non-smokers.
Long and short wavelength optical sources for attosecond science
Creators: name: Johnson, Allan Stewart
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: In this thesis I describe work extending attosecond science into new regimes through the development of novel light sources. Thus far attosecond science has been driven primarily through two technologies: titanium-doped sapphire lasers capable of generating few-cycle femtosecond laser pulses in the near infrared (800 nm) wavelength range, and high harmonic generation driven by these pulses, which creates attosecond pulses in the extreme ultraviolet frequency range (10-150 eV). We attempt to move into new regimes for attosecond science through the development of light sources at new wavelengths. Through the use of an optical parametric amplifier and hollow-core fibre pulse compression, we have generated 1.3-cycle pulses at a central wavelength of 1750 nm (7.1 fs duration) with excellent spatio-temporal quality and high energies of 750 uJ per pulse at a repetition rate of 1 kHz. Three novel diagnostics were developed in order to characterize the temporal properties of these pulses: a SEA-F-SPIDER, a third harmonic single-shot FROG, and a third harmonic D-scan. Our short-wavelength infrared laser source has been applied to high harmonic spectroscopy of substituted benzenes. By careful control of macroscopic conditions, we obtain harmonic spectra comparable to theoretical calculations. We find a minimal effect of deuteration upon the few-femtosecond dynamics of benzene. Using the few-cycle 1750 nm pulses, high harmonic generation has been extended to the soft X-ray regime, and we have generated attosecond pulses at all photon energies across the water window (284-540 eV). Energies of tens of picojoules are generated, with estimated pulse durations of several hundred attoseconds. The spatial properties of the harmonic radiation were also examined, and found to be well described by Gaussian optics. Finally, the soft X-ray harmonic radiation was used to obtain X-ray absorption spectra from a variety of samples to demonstrate the utility of our source.
Thermodynamics of strange baryon system from coupled-channel analysis and missing states
Creators: name: Fernández-Ramírez, César
name: Lo, Pok Man
name: Petreczky, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermodynamics of the strange baryon system using an S-matrix formulation of statistical mechanics. For this purpose, we employ an existing coupled-channel study involving $\bar{K} N$, $πΛ$, and $πΣ$ interactions in the $S=-1$ sector. A novel method is proposed to extract an effective phase shift due to the interaction, which can subsequently be used to compute various thermal observables via a relativistic virial expansion. As an application of the calculation scheme, we compute the correlation of the net baryon number with strangeness ($χ_{BS}$) for an interacting hadron gas. We show that the S-matrix approach, which entails a consistent treatment of resonances and naturally incorporates the additional hyperon states which are not listed by the Particle Data Group, leads to an improved description of the lattice data over the Hadron Resonance Gas model.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures; version appear in PRC with typos. in Fig.4 corrected
Additional file 1: of Sources of artifact in measurements of 6mA and 4mC abundance in eukaryotic genomic DNA
Creators: name: O’Brown, Zach
name: Boulias, Konstantinos
name: Wang, Jie
name: Wang, Simon
name: O’Brown, Natasha
name: Hao, Ziyang
name: Shibuya, Hiroki
name: Fady, Paul-Enguerrand
name: Shi, Yang
name: He, Chuan
name: Megason, Sean
name: Liu, Tao
name: Greer, Eric
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Representative UHPLC-ms/ms chromatograms demonstrate 6mA signal and mock correction. Representative UHPLC-ms/ms chromatograms displays the 6mA peak in C. elegans samples (top panel) and mock digestions (lower panel) when signal was a) detected or b) not detected. Mock digestions are subtracted from sample digestions to calculate percent 6mA. c) 6mA concentrations (pmol) in all replicate samples for Fig. 2d, including the mock digestion reactions (black bars) input DNAs (blue bars) and histone H3 IP’d DNAs (red bars). (PDF 57 kb)
Towards Multifocal Displays with Dense Focal Stacks
Creators: name: Chang, Jen-Hao Rick
name: Kumar, B. V. K. Vijaya
name: Sankaranarayanan, Aswin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a virtual reality display that is capable of generating a dense collection of depth/focal planes. This is achieved by driving a focus-tunable lens to sweep a range of focal lengths at a high frequency and, subsequently, tracking the focal length precisely at microsecond time resolutions using an optical module. Precise tracking of the focal length, coupled with a high-speed display, enables our lab prototype to generate 1600 focal planes per second. This enables a novel first-of-its-kind virtual reality multifocal display that is capable of resolving the vergence-accommodation conflict endemic to today's displays.
Probing Dark Matter
Creators: name: Burrows, Adam
name: Liebert, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent novel observations have probed the baryonic fraction of the galactic dark matter that has eluded astronomers for decades. Late in 1993, the MACHO and EROS collaborations announced in this journal the detection of transient and achromatic brightenings of a handful of stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud that are best interpreted as gravitational microlensing by low-mass foreground objects (MACHOS). This tantalized astronomers, for it implied that the population of cool, compact objects these lenses represent could be the elusive dark matter of our galactic halo. A year later in 1994, Sackett et al. reported the discovery of a red halo in the galaxy NGC 5907 that seems to follow the inferred radial distribution of its dark matter. This suggested that dwarf stars could constitute its missing component. Since NGC 5907 is similar to the Milky Way in type and radius, some surmised that the solution of the galactic dark matter problem was an abundance of ordinary low-mass stars. Now Bahcall et al., using the Wide-Field Camera of the recently repaired Hubble Space Telescope, have dashed this hope.
description: 3 pages, Plain TeX, no figures, published as a News and Views in Nature 373, 191 (1995)
Electronic Supplementary Material 1 from A temporal shift in trophic diversity among a predator assemblage in a warming Arctic
Creators: name: Yurkowski, David J.
name: Hussey, Nigel E.
name: Ferguson, Steven H.
name: Fisk, Aaron T.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Yurkowski-Figures-Tables-ESM
Switchable catalysis to make multi-block copolymers
Creators: name: Paul, Shyeni
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This thesis describes the development of methods to selectively generate block copolymers using a single catalyst and multiple different polymerisation cycles referred to as “switchable’’ catalysis. It exploits the ability of various dinuclear zinc catalysts to selectively catalyse both ring opening copolymerisation of epoxides and carbon dioxide or anhydrides and ring opening polymerisation of lactones and lactide. The catalyst selectivity is proposed to arise from different rates of insertion into the key intermediate, a zinc alkoxide species, and from the different stabilities of the linkages formed. Chapters 2 and 3 describe the new switchable catalysis to link the ring opening copolymerisation of epoxides and carbon dioxide with the subsequent ring opening polymerisation of lactones (ε-caprolactone, ε-decalactone, δ-valerolactone). This method allows the formation of well-defined block copolymers. The block copolymers are characterised using in-situ infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy including diffusion ordered spectroscopy analysis and size exclusion chromatography analysis. Block copolymers are synthesised with a range of compositions from 1:0.5 – 1:10 carbonate:ester. The thermal properties of the copolymers are highly dependent on the proportion of polyester. The block copolymers containing ε-caprolactone and ε-decalactone were found to act as flexible plastics by tensile mechanical measurements. In contrast, the block copolymer containing δ˗valerolactone was a soft, inflexible plastic. Chapter 4 describes the use of the switchable catalysis method to form multiblock copolymers compromising of up to seven blocks. The dizinc catalyst is able to switch between ring opening copolymerisation of cyclohexene oxide and carbon dioxide and ring opening polymerisation of ε-caprolactone reversibly and exclusively forms a multiblock copolymer. Chapter 5 describes the application of the method to a mixture of four monomers: epoxides, carbon dioxide, anhydrides and lactones or lactide. The dizinc catalyst selectively forms pentablock copolymers with predictable compositions and block sequences. The structure of the pentablock copolymer depends on whether lactone or lactide is applied as the monomer. Overall, this thesis presents a novel type of catalyst selectivity and a means to control it. The switchable catalysis is demonstrated with dizinc catalysts, and is used to form a variety of multiblock copolymers from mixtures of monomers.
Pointless moves in tic-tac-toe
Creators: name: Gaillard, Pierre-Yves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: mathematics, positional games, tic-tac-toe

description: A tic-tac-toe move x is pointless if all the winning sets containing x are blocked by both players. We show that, if a pointless move is optimal, then any other move is also optimal.eng.
The Gaia-ESO survey: impact of extra-mixing on C- and N-abundances of giant stars
Creators: name: Lagarde, N.
name: Reylé, C.
name: Robin, A. C.
name: Tautvaišienė, G.
name: Drazdauskas, A.
name: Mikolaitis, Š.
name: Minkevičiūtė, R.
name: Stonkutė, E.
name: Chorniy, Y.
name: Bagdonas, V.
name: Miglio, A.
name: Nasello, G.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Randich, S.
name: Bensby, T.
name: Bragaglia, A.
name: Flaccomio, E.
name: Francois, P.
name: Korn, A. J.
name: Pancino, E.
name: Smiljanic, R.
name: Bayo, A.
name: Carraro, G.
name: Costado, M. T.
name: Jiménez-Esteban, F.
name: Jofré, P.
name: Martell, S. L.
name: Masseron, T.
name: Monaco, L.
name: Morbidelli, L.
name: Sbordone, L.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Zaggia, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The GES survey using FLAMES at the VLT has obtained high-resolution UVES spectra for a large number of giant stars, allowing a determination of the abundances of the key chemical elements C and N at their surface. The surface abundances of these chemical species are well-known to change in stars during their evolution on the red giant branch after the first dredge-up episod, as a result of extra-mixing phenomena. We investigate the effects of thermohaline mixing on C and N abundances using the first comparison between the GES [C/N] determinations with simulations of the observed fields using a model of stellar population synthesis. We explore the effects of thermohaline mixing on the chemical properties of giants through stellar evolutionary models computed with the stellar evolution code STAREVOL. We include these stellar evolution models in the Besançon Galaxy model to simulate the [C/N] distributions determined from the UVES spectra of the GES and compare them with the observations. Theoretical predictions including the effect of thermohaline mixing are in good agreement with the observations. However, the field stars in the GES with C and N-abundance measurements have a metallicity close to solar, where the efficiency of thermohaline mixing is not very large. The C and N abundances derived by the GES in open and globular clusters clearly show the impact of thermohaline mixing at low-metallicity, allowing to explain the [C/N] ratio observed in lower-mass and older giant stars. Using independent observations of carbon isotopic ratio in clump field stars and open clusters, we also confirm that thermohaline mixing should be taken into account to explain the behavior of 12C/13C ratio as a function of stellar age. Overall the current model including thermohaline mixing is able to reproduce very well the C- and N-abundances over the whole metallicity range investigated by the GES data.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A ; 12 pages, 12 figures
Stories for Images-in-Sequence by using Visual and Narrative Components
Creators: name: Smilevski, Marko
name: Lalkovski, Ilija
name: Madjarov, Gjorgji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent research in AI is focusing towards generating narrative stories about visual scenes. It has the potential to achieve more human-like understanding than just basic description generation of images- in-sequence. In this work, we propose a solution for generating stories for images-in-sequence that is based on the Sequence to Sequence model. As a novelty, our encoder model is composed of two separate encoders, one that models the behaviour of the image sequence and other that models the sentence-story generated for the previous image in the sequence of images. By using the image sequence encoder we capture the temporal dependencies between the image sequence and the sentence-story and by using the previous sentence-story encoder we achieve a better story flow. Our solution generates long human-like stories that not only describe the visual context of the image sequence but also contains narrative and evaluative language. The obtained results were confirmed by manual human evaluation.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, ICT Innovations 2018
Additional file 2: of Sources of artifact in measurements of 6mA and 4mC abundance in eukaryotic genomic DNA
Creators: name: O’Brown, Zach
name: Boulias, Konstantinos
name: Wang, Jie
name: Wang, Simon
name: O’Brown, Natasha
name: Hao, Ziyang
name: Shibuya, Hiroki
name: Fady, Paul-Enguerrand
name: Shi, Yang
name: He, Chuan
name: Megason, Sean
name: Liu, Tao
name: Greer, Eric
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Quantification of prokaryotic DNA in eukaryotic samples. a) Percentage of bacterial DNA as assessed by real-time RT PCR with 16S rRNA specific primers [54]. Zoomed in plot displayed on the right. Most species tested had less than 1% bacterial contamination. No significant correlation was detected when comparing DNA methylation to bacterial contamination in different eukaryotic species (R2 = 0.08859, p = 0.32). b) Percentage of zebrafish, bacterial, and unknown DNA reads from input and 6mA IP sequencing experiments previously performed [14]. Some bacterial DNA was detected in all samples and it was enriched after 6mA IP but no developmental trend in bacterial concentrations was detected by sequencing analysis. (PDF 31 kb)
The nucleation and growth of Cu6Sn5 in solders
Creators: name: Xian, Jingwei
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Microstructure formation and evolution in Pb-free solder alloys and solder joints on Cu substrates depend on the nucleation and growth of primary Cu6Sn5 and beta-Sn during solidification and thermal cycling in service. This thesis explores the mechanisms responsible for microstructure evolution at different stages during the lifetime of a solder joint. Cu6Sn5, a common intermetallic in Pb-free soldering, is usually first to nucleate and past work showed that aluminium additions can cause significant refinement of primary Cu6Sn5. In this work, it is showed that the mechanism of refinement is heterogeneous nucleation of Cu6Sn5 on either deltaCu33Al17 or gamma1Cu9Al4 coupled with significant constitutional supercooling ahead of growing Cu6Sn5 crystals. Cu-Al particles are shown to be effective catalytic nucleant particles in both hyper-eutectic Sn-4Cu-0.02Al and hypo-eutectic Sn-0.7Cu-0.05Al/Cu joints and share reproducible orientation relationships with Cu6Sn5. The growth of primary Cu6Sn5 also plays a role in determining the final microstructure. A deeper understanding of crystal growth mechanisms and transitions between different Cu6Sn5 morphologies is developed. It is shown that, for different composition and cooling rate combinations, Cu6Sn5 crystals undergo a faceted to non-faceted growth transition as a result of a kinetic interface roughening transition and a gradual change in mechanism from lateral growth governed by anisotropic attachment kinetics to continuous growth governed by diffusion and curvature. As the majority phase in most solder joints, betaSn nucleates at a later stage of solidification after Cu6Sn5 has nucleated. The nucleation of betaSn on the Cu6Sn5 layer in solder joints is studied in detail. It is shown that primary Cu6Sn5 is not a potent nucleant for Sn, but the Cu6Sn5 layer plays a key role in betaSn nucleation and microstructure formation in solder joints. Thermal contraction of Cu6Sn5, betaSn and other common phases in soldering is another important phenomenon that affects the performance of solder joints in service. Directional data on the anisotropic coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of Cu6Sn5 and other non-cubic intermetallics are measured and correlated with the directional Young’s modulus.
title: 01_2572
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Steady-state generation of Wigner negative states in 1D resonance fluorescence
Creators: name: Quijandría, Fernando
name: Strandberg, Ingrid
name: Johansson, Göran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we demonstrate numerically that the nonlinearity provided by a continuously driven two-level system (TLS) allows for the generation of Wigner-negative states of the electromagnetic field confined in one spatial dimension. Wigner-negative states, a.k.a. Wigner nonclassical states, are desirable for quantum information protocols beyond the scope of classical computers. Focusing on the steady-state emission from the TLS, we find the largest negativity at the drive strength where the coherent reflection vanishes.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Mathematical foundations of neural systems: towards a unified description of structure, dynamics and computation
Creators: name: Fagerholm, Erik
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Computational neuroscience has become effectively divided into three branches that study either the structure, dynamics or computation of neural systems. It is argued here that the field as a whole would benefit from the creation of mathematical links between these three branches. The four papers published during the course of this Ph.D. are presented, each dealing with different ways of analysing neuroimaging data in the context of graph theory (structure), percolation theory (dynamics) and information theory (computation). Future directions are discussed, highlighting ways in which first steps may be taken towards the formulation of a unified mathematical foundation of neural systems.
On the Nature of Core Collapse Supernova Explosions
Creators: name: Burrows, Adam
name: Hayes, John
name: Fryxell, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate in this paper the core-collapse supernova explosion mechanism in both one and two dimensions. We verify the usefulness of neutrino-driven overturn (``convection'') between the shock and the neutrinosphere in igniting the supernova explosion. The 2-D simulation of the core of a 15$\mdot$ star that we present here indicates that the breaking of spherical symmetry may be central to the explosion itself and that a multitude of bent and broken fingers is a common feature of the ejecta. In 2-D, the steady-state shock radius is larger than its value in 1-D by 30\%--100\%. The critical condition for explosion is thereby relaxed. Since supernovae are driven by neutrino heating, they are coronal phenomena, akin to winds, though initially bounded by an accretion tamp. Neutrino energy is pumped into the supernova during the shock's propagation through the inner many thousands of kilometers and not instantaneously. Curiously, just after the explosion is triggered, the matter that will eventually be ejected is still bound. The high-speed fingers that emerge from the core seem a natural explanation for the nickel bullets seen in 87A and the shrapnel inferred in some supernova remnants. Within 100 ms of the explosion, a strong, neutrino-driven wind is blowing outward from the protoneutron star.
description: 68 pages, AASTeX Latex, 37 Figures, Accepted for Sept. 10'th, 1995 Ap. J., Figures and mpeg simulations available at http://lepton.physics.arizona.edu:8000/
Supporting Information from Use of daily Internet search query data improves real-time projections of influenza epidemics
Creators: name: Zimmer, Christoph
name: Sequoia I. Leuba
name: Yaesoubi, Reza
name: Cohen, Ted
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supporting Information