Orthocentrus onkonegare Broad, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Veijalainen, Anu
name: Broad, Gavin R.
name: Sääksjärvi, Ilari E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Orthocentrus
Orthocentrus onkonegare

description: Orthocentrus onkonegare Broad, sp. nov.
Figs 5 B, 6 P, 10 E, 11 P, 14 N.
Fore wing length 2.7–3.0 mm.
Face medially 0.9x as wide as high; face fairly sparsely punctate, shining, eyes with very short, sparse setae, dorsal ridge of face inbetween antennal sockets without a median prominence; face profile gently curved, edge of clypeus impressed, margin straight, antennal sockets not on a distinct high shelf; malar groove gently curved; maxillary palp very long, reaching back to mid coxae. In dorsal view, head posteriorly moderately concave, temples distinct, posterior ocelli distant from eye by 1.1x ocellar diameter, anterior ocellus separated from eye by 1.6x ocellar diameter, ocellar-ocular grooves absent. Minimum distance between antennal sockets 0.9x diameter of socket; antenna distinctly longer than body, slender, with 40–43 (40 in holotype) thin, elongate flagellomeres which gradually shorten towards apex of antenna; basal flagellomere 0.2x as wide as long and 1.3x scape; scape slightly curved, in frontal view a little concave on lateral surface, convex on inner surface.
Mesosoma smooth, polished, impunctate except mesoscutum with shallow punctures, some faint coriaceous/ rugose microsculpture at rear of propodeum; mesoscutum lacking notauli; in profile, scutellum not particularly high, convex, metapleuron slightly convex; propodeum with posterior transverse carina strong and raised, present between lateral longitudinal carinae, median longitudinal carinae complete, lateral longitudinal carinae present posterior to spiracles, spiracles rather large.
Legs stout, hind leg massive; coxae ventrally granulate, very weakly so on hind coxa, femora, tibiae and tarsi coriaceous-granulate except hind femur punctate, smooth on anterior surface; hind coxa 1.1x as long as first tergite, hind femur 3.6x as long as maximum depth, hind tibia 4.6x as long as apical width; tibiae lacking spine-like setae.
Wings not particularly narrow; fore wing with areolet closed, slightly wider than high, vein Rs slightly sinuous; hind wing with vein cu-a intercepted, angulate, first abscissa of Cu vertical.
First tergite somewhat elongate and apically slightly widening, 1.7x as long as apically wide; heavily rugose with two complete, high median longitudinal carinae, with transverse impressions originating at about middle of tergite, sloping posteriorly, not meeting centrally. Second tergite 1.1x as long as apically wide; heavily rugose with less conspicuous strigosity, with transverse impressions originating at about middle of tergite, sloping anteriorly and posteriorly, not meeting centrally, delimiting vaguely defined rhombic area centrally; second thyridia present as raised ovals. Third tergite with rugose/strigose sculpture reaching to about 0.5, sculpture towards posterior edge smoother, slightly punctate, with transverse impressions basally and originating at about middle of tergite, sloping anteriorly, not meeting centrally; basal and second thyridia not contrastingly coloured, basal thyridia large, narrow, oval/rectangular, second thyridia small circular. Apical tergites slightly coriaceous. Ovipositor thin, straight, without notch; ovipositor sheaths short, concealed by large hypopygium.
Setae over whole body (including metasoma) except pronotum, mesopleuron, metapleuron, scattered on propodeum and dorsal sides of coxae.
Flagellomeres dark brown, paler basally; head dull yellow/pale orange except frons slightly brown, interocellar area black, vertex brown across posterior of head, reaching from upper 2/3 of eye to eye, small white area behind malar groove, pronotum, mesopleuron, metapleuron, mesoscutum and scutellum pale orange, paler, creamy ventrally on propleuron, pronotum and mesopleuron, propodeum dark brown medially, posteriorly, fading to orange laterally; legs basically dull yellow/orange, narrow basal and apical bands on hind tibia, hind femur narrowly apically dark brown, trochanters and trochantelli creamy white. Tergites dark brown, second tergite narrowly dull orange apically, third tergite dull yellow on apical 2/3. Sternites white with yellow more sclerotized patches.
Male. Unknown
Biology. Hosts unknown. Collected commonly at low altitude in Ecuador and Peru.
Etymology. Named after the type locality in Ecuador, Onkone Gare.
Comments. Morphologically very similar to O. insularis but differing in the broader temples, stronger metasomal sculpture, details of the colour pattern and in its larger size. The two individuals sequenced by Veijalainen et al. (2012) (the holotype, Orthocentrus sp.3 F 381 ECU 1248, and a paratype, Orthocentrus sp.3 F 288 ECU 1140) were recovered in widely divergent positions on the neighbour-joining analysis of sequences. Despite this, the individuals which we have grouped under O. onkonegare are morphologically homogeneous, therefore we provisionally treat these individuals as comprising one species. We have seen one specimen from Peru (Dept. Madre de Dios, Los Amigos 21–28.V.2008, I. Gòmez leg.) which most probably represents a different species, based on its darker mesoscutum and paler sides of the mesosoma, but we refrain from describing a closely related species based on only one specimen.
Material examined. Holotype female: ‘ Ecuador, Dept. Orellana Onkone Gare, 216.3m asl 0°39’25.7”S, 76°27’10.8”W 7 Oct 1995 canopy fogging T.L. Erwin et al. Lot# 1248’ (USNM).
Paratypes: 1 ♀ same data as holotype except 9.VII.1995, Lot# 1140, ‘ DNA _AV 2010-288’ (ZMUT); 1 ♀ same except 21.VI.1994, Lot# 694, 1 ♀ same except 7.X.1995, Lot# 1240, 1 ♀ same except 5.II.1996, Lot# 1421, 1 ♀ same except 2.VII.1995, Lot# 1067, 1 ♀ same except 21.I.2006, Lot# 3125, 1 ♀ same except 5.II.1999, Lot# 2084, 1 ♀ Ecuador, Dept. Orellana, Tiputini, 9.II.1999, 00°37’55”S, 076°08’39”W, 220–250m, canopy fogging T.L. Erwin et al., Lot# 2015 (all USNM); 2 ♀ Peru, Dept. of Loreto, Iquitos area, Mishana 16.XII.1998 – 1.I.1999, clay, I.E.S., R.J. et al. leg., Malaise trap, APHI A1/9 132; 1 ♀ same data except APHI A2/9 218; 1 ♀ same data except APHI A2/9 194; 1 ♀ same data except APHI A2/7 023; 1 ♀ same data except 18.IX–4.X.1998, varillal, APHI D1/ 3 058; 1 ♀ same except 16.XI–1.XII.1998, varillal, APHI B2/7 042; 1 ♀ same data except 16.XI–1.XII.1998, varillal, APHI B3/7 120; 1 ♀ same data except 16.XI–1.XII.1998, varillal, APHI B1/7 003; 2 ♀ same data except Alpahuayo, white sand 22.II–3.III.2000 E1/2; 1 ♀ same except 20.II–2.III.2000 G1/2; 1 ♀ same except 8– 24.III.2000, APHI G3/3; 2 ♀ same except 24.III–17.IV.2000, APHI H2/4; 1 ♀ same except APHI H1/4; 1 ♀ same except 24.III–16.IV.2000, APHI F1/4; 1 ♀ same except 24.III–16.IV.2000, APHI G2/4; 1 ♀ same except 24.III– 16.IV.2000, APHI G3/4; 4 ♀ same except 16.IV–3.V.2000, E1/5; 1 ♀ same except 16.IV–3.V.2000, E3/5; 1 ♀ same except 3–22.V.2000, APHI I1 /6; 2 ♀ same except 22.V–1.VI.2000, APHI E1/7; 2 ♀ same except 22.V–11.VI.2000, APHI G2/7; 1♀ same except APHI I?/7; 1 ♀ same except 11–29.VI.2000, APHI I2 /8; 2 ♀ same except 29.VI– 16.VII.2000, APHI I1 /9; 3 ♀ same except 16.VII–2.VIII.2000, APHI E1/10; 1 ♀ same except 2–18.VIII.2000, APHI F1/11; 1 ♀ same except 18.VIII–14.IX.2000, APHI F2/12; 2 ♀ same except 18.VIII–19.IX.2000, APHI J1/ 12; 2 ♀ same except 14.IX–4.X.2000, APHI G3/13; 1 ♀ same except 15.X–8.XI.2000, APHI J1/15; 2 ♀ same except 4.X–8.XI.2000, APHI G1/15; 1 ♀ same except 8.XI–1.XII.2000, APHI G3/16; 1 ♀ same except 17.XI– 3.XII.1998, APHI C2/7 028; 1 ♀ same except APHI C2/7 090; 1 ♀ same except APHI C2/7 078; 2 ♀ same except 1–15.XII.2000, APHI I2/17; 1 ♀ same except 17–27.XII.2000, APHI G2/18; 1 ♀ same except 28.XII.2000 – 20.I.2001, clay, APHI J1/19; 1 ♀ same as previous except but 17.XII.1997 – 20.I.1998, clay, APHI C2/9; 1 ♀ same except APHI C1/9 0 34 (17 in ZMUT, 10 in BMNH, 10 in USNM, 18 in MUSM).
description: Published as part of Veijalainen, Anu, Broad, Gavin R. & Sääksjärvi, Ilari E., 2014, Twenty seven new species of Orthocentrus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae; Orthocentrinae) with a key to the Neotropical species of the genus, pp. 201-252 in Zootaxa 3768 (3) on pages 235-236, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3768.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/252362