cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chiral Electronic Excitations in a Quasi-2D Rashba System BiTeI
Creators: name: Lee, A. C.
name: Peng, B.
name: Du, K.
name: Kung, H. -H.
name: Monserrat, B.
name: Cheong, S. -W.
name: Won, C. J.
name: Blumberg, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical transitions between spin-polarized bands of the quasi-two dimensional Rashba system BiTeI are investigated using polarization resolved resonant Raman spectroscopy. We detect chiral excitations between states with opposite helicity and compare spectra to calculations within a three-band model. Using the resonant Raman excitation profile, we deduce the Rashba parameters and band gaps of the higher conduction bands near the Fermi level, and compare the parameters to values obtained by ab initio density function theory (DFT).
Relicts of the Pleistocene Po Plain on the Western and Southern slopes of Turin Hill (NW Italy)
Creators: name: M. Gabriella Forno
name: Lucchesi, Stefania
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A detailed geological survey of the Southern slope of Turin Hill reveals a Pleistocene terraced fluvial succession consisting of flat surfaces separated by scarps with associated fluvial clayey–silty and gravelly sediments. This succession is not linked to the present N–S hilly streams, but is instead related to major Pleistocene W–E rivers. The collected regional data suggest an ancient trend of the Po River flowing across Turin Hill, prior to its present course to the north of the hill. The Pleistocene terraced fluvial succession of the Western slope of Turin Hill is also mapped, based on a previous survey to allow a full reconstruction of the ancient rivers. The collected regional data and the petrographic analysis show that this succession is related to an ancient tributary of the Po River (Dora Riparia River). Wide saddles of the same river have been mapped on the main watershed between the two slopes of Turin Hill. The capping of soils less evolved with decreasing elevation over the fluvial sediments and landforms indicates that the whole terraced succession covers a large time range (Middle–Upper Pleistocene). The reported geologic successions and the current morphology of the relief result from the uplift and deformation of the Pleistocene Po Plain and the Dora Riparia Plain that were shaped at the south of Turin Hill. The proposed age/elevation relationships for the mapped terraces suggest a remarkable uplift of Turin Hill during the late Quaternary.
Targeting Low Energy Leptons in High Energy Physics: A Search for Compressed Mass-States Beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Terrill, Wes
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 510703
subject: Particle physics
classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for compressed mass-states using low-momentum prompt and displaced leptons and missing transverse momentum is performed utilizing data collected from proton-proton collisions at √ s = 13 TeV collected during the three-year period from 2016-2018 by the CMS collaboration at the LHC. The results are interpreted in the context of theories predicting a hypothetical weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP), which originates from the decay of another new particle with a mass slightly larger than that of the WIMP candidate. Additional products of the decay process may include one or two leptons. Additionally, the results are interpreted in scenarios where the new physics state may be long-lived, leaving a displaced signature in the detector.
Study of exotic hadrons with machine learning
Creators: name: Liu, Jiahao
name: Zhang, Zhenyu
name: Hu, Jifeng
name: Wang, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed the invariant mass spectrum of near-threshold exotic states for one-channel candidates with a deep neural network. It can extract the scattering length and effective range, which would shed light on the nature of given states, from the experimental mass spectrum. As an application, the mass spectrum of the $X(3872)$ and the $T_{cc}^+$ are studied. The obtained scattering lengths, effective ranges, and most relevant thresholds are consistent with those from fitting to the experimental data. The advantage of the neural network is that it is more stable than the fitting, especially for low-statistic data. The network, which provides another way to analyze the experimental data, can also be applied to other one-channel near-threshold exotic candidates.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
title: Inextricable Aspects of Sex and Race
Creators: name: Butts, June Dobbs
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Afro-American Studies

description: An interrogation of the relational meanings of sex and race in the United States. The author hypothesizes that "enmeshed" quests for "power dominance," "identity," and "love" characterize American culture.
Nathorstoceras Kröger 2013, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Orthocerida
Eriditidae
Nathorstoceras

description: Genus Nathorstoceras gen. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3415D639-EFD4-404C-90EA-DA8AAAA930E5
Type species
Nathorstoceras kallholnense gen. et sp. nov., Kallholn, Dalarna, Sweden, Boda Limestone, Boda Core Member, late Katian, Ordovician by montotypy.
Diagnosis
Straight or slightly curved longicones with annulated or smooth shell, ornamented with transverse lirae or conspicuous growth lines, which form shallow sinus on prosiphuncular side; septal spacing relatively narrow with ca. five chambers per distance equal to corresponding conch diameter; siphuncle subcentral or slightly eccentric on convex side of conch curvature; septal foramen narrow; siphuncular segments abruptly expanded at septal foramen, septal necks achoanitic; epi- and hyposeptal deposits present; endosiphuncular deposits not known at present.
Etymology
In honour of Alfred Gabriel Nathorst (1850–1921), Swedish palaeobotanist, geologist, and polar researcher, for his pioneering work on the Palaezoic of the Siljan structure (Nathorst 1885).
Comparison
This genus is unique among Ordovician orthocerids. The rapidly expanding siphuncular segments are similar as compared with late Palaeozoic pseudorthocerids, such as Adnatoceras Flower, 1939. However, characteristic pseudorthocerid endosiphuncular deposits are not known from specimens of Nathorstoceras gen. nov. With its annulate conch N. kallholnense sp. nov. resembles Mid Silurian paraphragmitids, which differ in having less expanded siphuncles and suborthochoanitic septal necks. In the Estonian Porkuni Formation smooth orthocones occur, with achoanitic septal necks and broadly expanded siphuncular segments (Eriditidae gen. et. sp. indet. in Kröger 2007). These specimens are poorly preserved or very fragmentary, and it is difficult to compare them with the relatively large fragments of the specimens from the Boda Limestone, but their similarity in the septal neck/siphuncular segment shape suggest that they may represent species of Nathorstoceras gen. nov.
Monomuchites bacotens e Balashov, 1975 from the Molodov Horizon of Podolia is known from a single fragmentary specimen only. However, the polished cross section figured in Balashov (1975: pl. 1, fig. 7) shows a marked similarity with the Boda specimens of Nathorstoceras gen. nov. M. bacotense, differs from the Boda specimen mainly in having a circular conch cross section. Herein, it is interpreted as another species of Nathorstoceras gen. nov.
Species included
Nathorstoceras kallholnense sp. nov., Nathorstoceras adnatum sp. nov., Nathorstoceras bacotense (Balashov, 1975) comb. nov.
Stratigraphic and geographic range
Boda Limestone, Dalarna, Sweden, late Katian, Late Ordovician.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2013, The cephalopods of the Boda Limestone, Late Ordovician, of Dalarna, Sweden, pp. 1-110 in European Journal of Taxonomy 41 on page 38, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2013.41, http://zenodo.org/record/3814221
Theory-agnostic Reconstruction of Potential and Couplings from Quasi-Normal Modes
Creators: name: Völkel, Sebastian H.
name: Franchini, Nicola
name: Barausse, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we use a parametrized theory-agnostic approach that connects the observation of black hole quasi-normal modes with the underlying perturbation equations, with the goal of reconstructing the potential and the coupling functions appearing in the latter. The fundamental quasi-normal mode frequency and its first two overtones are modeled through a second order expansion in the deviations from general relativity, which are assumed to be small but otherwise generic. By using a principal component analysis, we demonstrate that percent-level measurements of the fundamental mode and its overtones can be used to constrain the effective potential of tensor perturbations and the coupling functions between tensor modes and ones of different helicity, without assuming an underlying theory. We also apply our theory-agnostic reconstruction framework to analyze simulated quasi-normal mode data produced within specific theories extending general relativity, such as Chern-Simons gravity.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Diversity of Iron Oxidizing and Reducing Bacteria in Flow Reactors in the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory
Creators: name: Ionescu, Danny
name: Heim, Christine
name: Lubos Polerecky
name: Ramette, Alban
name: Haeusler, Stefan
name: Bizic-Ionescu, Mina
name: Thiel, Volker
name: Beer, Dirk De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Processes of iron mineralization are of great significance to the understanding of Early-Earth geochemistry. Of specific interest are processes at circumneutral pH, where chemical oxidation of Fe can outcompete biological oxidation. To better understand microbially-induced mineral formation and the composition of the involved microbial communities, we set up a series of flow-reactors in the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory, a 3.6 km tunnel that runs under the Baltic Sea. Various aquifers of Fe2+-rich brackish to saline waters penetrate the tunnel through a series of fractions. The reactors were set up with different combinations of light and aeration conditions, and were connected to three aquifers of differing chemical composition and age. Using a combination of 454 pyrosequencing and CAtalyzed Reporter Deposition Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization we analyzed the bacterial community from these reactors in two consecutive seasons half a year apart. A general decrease in diversity was observed towards the deep part of the tunnel. Multivariate modeling of the community composition and environmental parameters shows that the overall diversity of the microbial community is controlled by salinity as well as carbon and nitrogen sources. However, the composition of iron oxidizing bacteria is driven by pH, O2 and the availability of Fe2+. The latter is mostly supplied by Fe3+ reduction in the reactors. Thus the reactors form a self-sustained ecosystem. Several genera of known aerobic and anaerobic iron oxidizing bacteria were found. Mariprofundus sp. was found to be dominant in many of the samples. This is the first detection of this marine species in groundwater. The microbial community in the reactors is unique in each site, while that in the exposed tunnel is more homogenous. Therefore we suggest that the flow reactors are a good model system to study the nonaccessible microbial communities that are likely present in cracks and crevices of the surrounding bedrock.
Hydrodynamic electron transport in graphene Hall-bar devices
Creators: name: Li, Songci
name: Andreev, A. V.
name: Levchenko, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider hydrodynamic electron transport in the Hall-bar geometry. The theory is developed for systems with non-Galilean-invariant electron liquids. We show that inhomogeneity of the electron density induced by long-range disorder and gating leads to mixing between the hydrodynamic transport mode and transport relative to the electron liquid. For graphene systems near charge neutrality, these effects lead to strong coupling of the hydrodynamic flow to charge transport. As a result, the effective electrical conductivity of the system may significantly exceed the intrinsic conductivity of the electron liquid. We obtain analytic expressions for the thermoelectric transport coefficients of the system as a function of density in the full crossover region between clean and disorder-dominated regimes.
description: Dedicated to Mark Azbel's 90-th birthday [9 pages, 3 figures]
Weiterbildungsmanagement: Instrument zur kompetenzorientierten Selbst- und Mitarbeitendenbeurteilung.
Creators: name: Senn, Peter
name: Ertel, Helmut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008

description: In diesem Beitrag erfahren Sie, wie das hier vorgestellte Führungsinstrument der kompetenzorientierten Beurteilung eigener (Selbstbeurteilung) und fremder (Mitarbeiterbeurteilung) Kompetenzen zur Führung einer Weiterbildungsorganisation dient, dass als Grundlagen des Instruments das Führungsmodell für Weiterbildungsorganisationen und das Berner Kompetenzprofil für Weiterbildungsmanagement dienen, dass die Beurteilungsergebnisse beispielsweise als Grundlagen für persönliche Weiterbildungsplanungen, Mitarbeitergespräche, Stellenprofile bei Neueinstellungen oder Coaching dienen, wie das Kompetenzprofil als Qualifikationsrahmen für die Entwicklung von Weiterbildungsmanagement-Programmen genutzt werden kann.
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_56873 + Art des Beitrages: Buchkapitel/Beitrag in Sammelband + Herausgeberschaft: Laske, S., Orthey A., Schmid M. + Seiten: 5.51/1 - 5.51/18 + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2020-04-21 11:35:58
Evaporation of liquid coating a fiber
Creators: name: Corpart, Marie
name: Dervaux, Julien
name: Poulard, Christophe
name: Restagno, Frédéric
name: Boulogne, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically and numerically the diffusion-limited evaporation of a liquid deposited on a fiber in two configurations: a sleeve and a axisymmetric barrel-shaped droplet. For a sleeve, the local flux depends on both the aspect ratio and the smallest length of the problem. By using analytical calculations and 3D finite elements simulations, we predict a divergence of this flux further localized at the edge as the aspect ratio increases. The evaporation of axisymmetric drops on a fiber is studied with numerical simulations. For sufficiently large volumes, we evidence that the evaporation rate is almost independent of the wetting properties of the liquid, even for small contact angles, and that the droplets evaporate as spheres of the same volume.
description: 8 pages + supplementary materials
Lithocholic bile acid accumulated in yeast mitochondria orchestrates a development of an anti-aging cellular pattern by causing age-related changes in cellular proteome
Creators: name: Beach, Adam
name: Richard, Vincent R
name: Bourque, Simon
name: Boukh-Viner, Tatiana
name: Kyryakov, Pavlo
name: Gomez-Perez, Alejandra
name: Arlia-Ciommo, Anthony
name: Feldman, Rachel
name: Leonov, Anna
name: Piano, Amanda
name: Svistkova, Veronika
name: Titorenko, Vladimir I
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: We have previously revealed that exogenously added lithocholic bile acid (LCA) extends the chronological lifespan of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, accumulates in mitochondria and alters mitochondrial membrane lipidome. Here, we use quantitative mass spectrometry to show that LCA alters the age-related dynamics of changes in levels of many mitochondrial proteins, as well as numerous proteins in cellular locations outside of mitochondria. These proteins belong to two regulons, each modulated by a different mitochondrial dysfunction; we call them a partial mitochondrial dysfunction regulon and an oxidative stress regulon. We found that proteins constituting these regulons (1) can be divided into several “clusters”, each of which denotes a distinct type of partial mitochondrial dysfunction that elicits a different signaling pathway mediated by a discrete set of transcription factors; (2) exhibit three different patterns of the age-related dynamics of changes in their cellular levels; and (3) are encoded by genes whose expression is regulated by the transcription factors Rtg1p/Rtg2p/Rtg3p, Sfp1p, Aft1p, Yap1p, Msn2p/Msn4p, Skn7p and Hog1p, each of which is essential for longevity extension by LCA. Our findings suggest that LCA-driven changes in mitochondrial lipidome alter mitochondrial proteome and functionality, thereby enabling mitochondria to operate as signaling organelles that orchestrate an establishment of an anti-aging transcriptional program for many longevity-defining nuclear genes. Based on these findings, we propose a model for how such LCA-driven changes early and late in life of chronologically aging yeast cause a stepwise development of an anti-aging cellular pattern and its maintenance throughout lifespan.
Effect of Variable pCO2 on Ca2+ Removal and Potential Calcification of Cyanobacterial Biofilms —An Experimental Microsensor Study
Creators: name: S. Spitzer
name: N. Brinkmann
name: A. Reimer
name: D. Ionescu
name: T. Friedl
name: D. De Beer
name: G. Arp
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biophysics

description: Two different cyanobacterial biofilms from German karstwater creeks were investigated with respect to their photosynthetic effect on Ca2+ removal and potential CaCO3 precipitation in artificial creek waters of different CO2 partial pressures at a given, constant calcite supersaturation. CO2 partial pressures were adjusted to 350 ppmV, 2200 ppmV and 8700 ppmV respectively, covering the range of Phanerozoic atmospheric CO2 partial pressures inferred from palaeosoils, stomatal indices and model calculations. Microsensor measurements of calcium, pH and oxygen revealed differences in the potential to precipitate CaCO3 between the two model organisms Tychonema-relative strain SAG 2388 and Synechococcus sp. strain SAG 2387. Whereas a strong removal of Ca2+ from the solution was measured at Tychonema-relative biofilm, the Synechococcus sp. biofilm exercised a much lower Ca2+ removal during photosynthesis. Photosynthesis was enhanced in both organisms with increasing CO2 and HCO3−, as indicated by enhanced O2 production, but only for the motile filamentous taxon Tychonema-relative a concomitantly increasing calcium removal was measured. However, model calculations indicate that this short-term Ca2+ binding in the Tychonema-relative is due to complexation to exopolymers or oscillin, with no immediate CaCO3 precipitation. In contrast, Ca2+ and pH measurements at Synechococcus sp. biofilm could be consistent with immediate CaCO3 precipitation at the cells. In both biofilms, pH gradients increase with increasing pCO2 from 350 to 2200 ppmV due to enhanced photosynthesis, but decrease at a pCO2 of 8700 ppmV despite of further enhanced photosynthesis. This observation, regardless whether CO2 or HCO3− is used by the cyanobacteria, is in accordance with hydrochemical modeling demonstrating an increased DIC buffering at high pCO2 conditions. These results indicate that the potential of cyanobacteria to form spatially defined calcification pattern via pH gradients at their cell envelopes ('calcified cyanobacteria') increases at elevated pCO2, while at high pCO2 conditions Ca2+ binding and lowered pH microgradients lead to spatially diffuse calcification without defined cell envelope precipitates.
Cross-correlations between mm-wave line-intensity mapping and weak lensing surveys: preliminary consideration of long-term prospects
Creators: name: Chung, Dongwoo T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of millimetre-wave line-intensity mapping (LIM) is seeing increased experimental activity with pathfinder surveys already deployed or deploying in the next few years, making spectroscopic measurements of unresolved atomic and molecular line emission tracing the large-scale structure of the Universe. The next decade will also see the Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) undertake a photometric galaxy survey programme of unprecedented scope, including measurements of cosmic shear exploiting weak gravitational lensing (WL) of background galaxies to map projected large-scale structure. We consider prospects for detecting angular cross power spectra between non-tomographic cosmic shear and mm-wave LIM surveys that measure emission from CO lines at $z=0.5$-$1$. We forecast that once the LSST Year 10 WL dataset is available, a future LIM experiment, conceivably deployed in the next 10-15 years, would enable such a cross-correlation detection with an overall signal-to-noise ratio of $50$, although the current pathfinder generation of CO/[C II] surveys are more likely to achieve a marginal $2σ$ detection against an earlier-stage LSST WL dataset. The signal has modest astrophysical constraining power yielding competitive constraints on cosmic molecular gas density at $z\lesssim1$, and degeneracies between astrophysical parameters and the intrinsic alignment amplitude mean that external information on either one could allow the cross-correlation analysis to significantly improve its constraints on the other.
description: 13 pages + bibliography and appendix (17 pages total); 10 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS; v2 reflects changes made between initial submission and acceptance
Lithocholic bile acid accumulated in yeast mitochondria orchestrates a development of an anti-aging cellular pattern by causing age-related changes in cellular proteome
Creators: name: Beach, Adam
name: Richard, Vincent R
name: Bourque, Simon
name: Boukh-Viner, Tatiana
name: Kyryakov, Pavlo
name: Gomez-Perez, Alejandra
name: Arlia-Ciommo, Anthony
name: Feldman, Rachel
name: Leonov, Anna
name: Piano, Amanda
name: Svistkova, Veronika
name: Titorenko, Vladimir I
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: We have previously revealed that exogenously added lithocholic bile acid (LCA) extends the chronological lifespan of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, accumulates in mitochondria and alters mitochondrial membrane lipidome. Here, we use quantitative mass spectrometry to show that LCA alters the age-related dynamics of changes in levels of many mitochondrial proteins, as well as numerous proteins in cellular locations outside of mitochondria. These proteins belong to 2 regulons, each modulated by a different mitochondrial dysfunction; we call them a partial mitochondrial dysfunction regulon and an oxidative stress regulon. We found that proteins constituting these regulons (1) can be divided into several “clusters”, each of which denotes a distinct type of partial mitochondrial dysfunction that elicits a different signaling pathway mediated by a discrete set of transcription factors; (2) exhibit 3 different patterns of the age-related dynamics of changes in their cellular levels; and (3) are encoded by genes whose expression is regulated by the transcription factors Rtg1p/Rtg2p/Rtg3p, Sfp1p, Aft1p, Yap1p, Msn2p/Msn4p, Skn7p and Hog1p, each of which is essential for longevity extension by LCA. Our findings suggest that LCA-driven changes in mitochondrial lipidome alter mitochondrial proteome and functionality, thereby enabling mitochondria to operate as signaling organelles that orchestrate an establishment of an anti-aging transcriptional program for many longevity-defining nuclear genes. Based on these findings, we propose a model for how such LCA-driven changes early and late in life of chronologically aging yeast cause a stepwise development of an anti-aging cellular pattern and its maintenance throughout lifespan.
Broken family sensitivity in transitive systems
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Yang, Yini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $(X,T)$ be a topological dynamical system, $n\geq 2$ and $\mathcal{F}$ be a Furstenberg family of subsets of $\mathbb{Z}_+$. $(X,T)$ is called broken $\mathcal{F}$-$n$-sensitive if there exist $δ>0$ and $F\in\mathcal{F}$ such that for every opene (non-empty open) subset $U$ of $X$ and every $l\in\mathbb{N}$, there exist $x_1^l,x_2^l,\dotsc,x_n^l\in U$ and $m_l\in \mathbb{Z}_+$ satisfying $d(T^k x_i^l, T^k x_j^l)> δ,\ \forall 1\leq i0$. We also obtain specific properties for them by analyzing the factor maps to their maximal equicontinuous factors. Furthermore, we show examples to distinguish different kinds of broken family sensitivity.
description: 18 pages. J. Math. Anal. Appl. (2022), online
Cyanobacteria and Diatoms in Biofilms of Two Karstic Streams in Germany and Changes of Their Communities Along Calcite Saturation Gradients
Creators: name: Brinkmann, Nicole
name: Hodač, Ladislav
name: Mohr, Kathrin I.
name: Hodačová, Alena
name: Jahn, Regine
name: Ramm, Jessica
name: Hallmann, Christine
name: Arp, Gernot
name: Friedl, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Marine Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology

description: Biofilms microscopically dominated by cyanobacteria and diatoms of two CO2 degassing karst-water creeks in Germany were investigated for their diversities along a gradient of calcification using SSU rRNA gene cloning and sequencing from environmental samples. The recovered totals of 731/413 cyanobacteria/diatom clones were grouped at 97/98% similarity levels into 28/29 molecular OTUs widely spread over their corresponding sequence phylogenies forming mostly monophyletic subclades. Sequence comparisons with named reference strains from NCBI/GenBank as well as newly determined references from the SAG culture collection left about half of the cyanobacteria OTUs still unidentified. Most of the diatom OTUs could be identified at least at the generic level. To improve identification also cultures of cyanobacteria and diatoms were established that allowed even species identification of some diatoms, but also revealed additional cyanobacteria hard to identify which were not recovered in the clone libraries. A significant correlation of the relative OTU abundances in clone libraries with values of SIcalcite was found and, therefore, redundancy analysis distinguished highly calcified sites far from the spring from those less calcified closer to the spring. The noncalcified spring sites were clearly distinct from all other sites by the presence of four cyanobacteria OTUs exclusively retrieved and that no diatoms could be recovered from there. Four cyanobacteria and three diatom OTUs were recovered whose increasing relative abundance per clone library was correlated with increasing calcification. This may indicate that not only cyanobacteria, but also diatoms are more directly involved in the biogenic impact on tufa formation than assumed previously.
Multi-scale model predicting friction of crystalline materials
Creators: name: Torche, Paola C.
name: Silva, Andrea
name: Kramer, Denis
name: Polcar, Tomas
name: Hovorka, Ondrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-scale computational framework suitable for designing solid lubricant interfaces fully in silico. The approach is based on stochastic thermodynamics founded on the classical thermally activated two-dimensional Prandtl-Tomlinson model, linked with First Principles methods to accurately capture the properties of real materials. It allows investigating the energy dissipation due to friction in materials as it arises directly from their electronic structure, and naturally accessing the time-scale range of a typical friction force microscopy. This opens new possibilities for designing a broad class of material surfaces with atomically tailored properties. We apply the multi-scale framework to a class of two-dimensional layered materials and reveal a delicate interplay between the topology of the energy landscape and dissipation that known static approaches based solely on the energy barriers fail to capture.
High thermoelectric performance in metastable phase of silicon: a first-principles study
Creators: name: Rao, Yongchao
name: Zhao, C. Y.
name: Ju, Shenghong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, both thermal and electrical transport properties of diamond$-$cubic Si (Si$-$I) and metastable R8 phase of Si (Si$-$XII) are comparatively studied by using first$-$principles calculations combined with Boltzmann transport theory. The metastable Si$-$XII shows one magnitude lower lattice thermal conductivity than stable Si$-$I from 300 to 500~K, attributed from the stronger phonon scattering in three$-$phonon scattering processes of Si$-$XII. For the electronic transport properties, although Si$-$XII with smaller band gap (0.22 eV) shows lower Seebeck coefficient, the electrical conductivities of anisotropic $n$$-$type Si$-$XII show considerable values along $x$ axis due to the small effective masses of electron along this direction. The peaks of thermoelectric figure of merit ($ZT$) in $n$$-$type Si$-$XII are higher than that of $p$$-$type ones along the same direction. Owing to the lower lattice thermal conductivity and optimistic electrical conductivity, Si$-$XII exhibits larger optimal $ZT$ compared with Si$-$I in both $p$$-$ and $n$$-$type doping. For $n$$-$type Si$-$XII, the optimal $ZT$ values at 300, 400, and 500 K can reach 0.24, 0.43, and 0.63 along $x$ axis at carrier concentration of $2.6\times10^{19}$, $4.1\times10^{19}$, and $4.8\times10^{19}$~cm$^{-3}$, respectively. The reported results elucidate that the metastable Si could be integrated to the thermoelectric power generator.
Laporan Praktikum II Divisi Magnoliophyta Kelas Magnoliopsida Anak Kelas Magnoliidae (Rahma Salsabila)
Creators: name: Rahma Salsabila
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Assalamu'alaikum Wr. Wb. ulun Rahma Salsabila dengan NIM. 180101111086 mau mengumpulkan Laporan Prak. II Anak kelas Magnoliidae. sebelumnya ulun ucapkan terima kasih.
CharacterBERT and Self-Teaching for Improving the Robustness of Dense Retrievers on Queries with Typos
Creators: name: Zhuang, Shengyao
name: Zuccon, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current dense retrievers are not robust to out-of-domain and outlier queries, i.e. their effectiveness on these queries is much poorer than what one would expect. In this paper, we consider a specific instance of such queries: queries that contain typos. We show that a small character level perturbation in queries (as caused by typos) highly impacts the effectiveness of dense retrievers. We then demonstrate that the root cause of this resides in the input tokenization strategy employed by BERT. In BERT, tokenization is performed using the BERT's WordPiece tokenizer and we show that a token with a typo will significantly change the token distributions obtained after tokenization. This distribution change translates to changes in the input embeddings passed to the BERT-based query encoder of dense retrievers. We then turn our attention to devising dense retriever methods that are robust to such queries with typos, while still being as performant as previous methods on queries without typos. For this, we use CharacterBERT as the backbone encoder and an efficient yet effective training method, called Self-Teaching (ST), that distills knowledge from queries without typos into the queries with typos. Experimental results show that CharacterBERT in combination with ST achieves significantly higher effectiveness on queries with typos compared to previous methods. Along with these results and the open-sourced implementation of the methods, we also provide a new passage retrieval dataset consisting of real-world queries with typos and associated relevance assessments on the MS MARCO corpus, thus supporting the research community in the investigation of effective and robust dense retrievers. Code, experimental results and dataset are made available at https://github.com/ielab/CharacterBERT-DR.
description: 9 pages full paper, accepted at SIGIR2022
Biotic and abiotic oxidation and reduction of iron at circumneutral pH are inseparable processes under natural conditions
Creators: name: Ionescu, Danny
name: Heim, Christine
name: Lubos Polerecky
name: Thiel, Volker
name: Beer, Dirk De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Oxidation and reduction of iron can occur through abiotic (chemical) and biotic (microbial) processes. Abiotic iron oxidation is a function of pH and O2 concentration. Biotic iron oxidation is carried out by a diverse group of bacteria, using O2 or NO3 as terminal electron acceptors. At circumneutral pH, both processes occur at similar rates and compete with each other. Abiotic iron reduction is catalyzed by iron-sulfur minerals or different types of organic compounds, whereas biotic iron reduction is carried out by a diverse group of microorganisms, often using chemical agents to dissolve solid iron minerals. We used iron oxidizing microbial mats to assess the potential impact of microbial activity on the deposition of banded iron formations (BIF). The mats were collected during several years from experimental tanks connected to groundwater aquifers with different Fe2+ concentrations. To separate between biotic and abiotic iron oxidation, live and killed mats were incubated with 57Fe2+. Separate analyses of the water and solid phase revealed that the iron oxidation and reduction rates per mL of solid matter (biomass and iron precipitates) were 0.4-73 mmol L−1 d−1 and 30–280 mmol L−1 d−1, respectively. No significant differences in iron oxidation rates were observed between the live and killed samples. The iron reduction rates, however, were higher in the live samples in mats from 3 out of 4 environments. We suggest that in natural systems, in the presence of organic matter, biotic and abiotic iron oxidation and reduction are not separable processes. Fe2+ will be biotically and abiotically oxidized as well as bind to exposed charged groups of organic substances. Either way, this iron may serve as a nucleation matrix for further abiotic iron precipitation. The oxidized iron is then susceptible to iron reduction, which can likewise be a direct metabolic or an abiotic process. Nevertheless, it is important to note the significance of organic matter, since both the abiotic oxidation and reduction of iron are often mediated by substrates of biological origin.
Comparison of Two Methods for Calculating Magnetic Helicity in the Solar Corona
Creators: name: Wang, Quan
name: Yang, Shangbin
name: Zhang, Mei
name: Yang, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Duo to the large magnetic Reynolds number, the magnetic helicity originating from the solar interior can be carried away through the photosphere into the corona. However, the relationship between the accumulated magnetic helicity flux through the photosphere and the magnetic helicity in the corona is still unclear. By selecting 36 newly emerging active regions in the 23rd solar cycle, we apply optical flow methods to derive the accumulated magnetic helicity through the photosphere ($H_m^p$) by using the sequential longitudinal magnetograms, use nonlinear force-free field extrapolation to obtain the 3D coronal magnetic field, and adopt finite volume methods to calculate the instantaneous relative magnetic helicity in the corona ($H_m^c$) by using vector magnetograms. It is found that the local correlation tracking (LCT)-based $H_m^p$ is larger than $H_m^c$ in $1"$, and that the Differential Affine Velocity Estimator-based $H_m^p$ is more consistent with $H_m^c$ than the LCT-based $H_m^p$. $H_m^p$ is more consistent with $H_m^c$ in evaluation from $2"$ than from $1"$. Moreover, $H_m^c - H_m^p$ systematically shows consistency with the Hemispheric Helicity Rule (over 55\%), no matter which resolution and method are used. These estimations suggest that the consistency of $H_m^c$ and $H_m^p$ is partly dependent on the resolution of the magnetograms and the calculation methods.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Evidence for neutron star triaxial free precession in Her X-1 from Fermi/GBM pulse period measurements
Creators: name: Kolesnikov, Dmitry
name: Shakura, Nikolai
name: Postnov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Her X-1/HZ Her is one of the best studied accreting X-ray pulsars. In addition to the pulsating and orbital periods, the X-ray and optical light curves of the source exhibit an almost periodic 35-day variability caused by a precessing accretion disk. The nature of the observed long-term stability of the 35-day cycle has been debatable. The X-ray pulse frequency of Her X-1 measured by the Fermi/GBM demonstrates periodical variations with X-ray flux at the Main-on state of the source. We explain the observed periodic sub-microsecond pulse frequency changes by the free precession of a triaxial neutron star with parameters previously inferred from an independent analysis of the X-ray pulse evolution over the 35-day cycle. In the Fermi/GBM data, we identified several time intervals with a duration of half a year or longer where the neutron star precession period describing the pulse frequency variations does not change. We found that the NS precession period varies within one per cent in different intervals. Such variations in the free precession period on a year time scale can be explained by <1% changes in the fractional difference between the triaxial neutron star's moments of inertia due to the accreted mass readjustment or variable internal coupling of the neutron star crust with the core.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 8 pages, 6 figures
Maxwell's equations in homogeneous spaces for admissible electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Obukhov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C10 83C15 83C20 83C50

description: Maxwell's vacuum equations are integrated for admissible electromagnetic fields in homogeneous spaces. Admissible electromagnetic fields are those for which the space group generates an algebra of symmetry operators ( integrals of motion ) that is isomorphic to the algebra of group operators. Two frames associated with the group of motions are used to obtain systems of ordinary differential equations to which Maxwell's equations reduce. The solutions are obtained in quadratures. The potentials of the admissible electromagnetic fields and the metrics of the spaces contained in the obtained solutions depend on six arbitrary time functions, so it is possible to use them to integrate field equations in the theory of gravity.
description: 15 p.p
The sRNA SorY confers resistance during photooxidative stress by affecting a metabolite transporter in Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Creators: name: Fazal Adnan
name: Weber, Lennart
name: Klug, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Exposure to oxygen and light generates photooxidative stress by the bacteriochlorophyll a mediated formation of singlet oxygen (1O2) in the facultative photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides. We have identified SorY as an sRNA, which is induced under several stress conditions and confers increased resistance against 1O2. SorY by direct interaction affects the takP mRNA, encoding a TRAP-T transporter. We present a model in which SorY reduces the metabolite flux into the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) by reducing malate import through TakP. It was previously shown that oxidative stress in bacteria leads to switch from glycolysis to the pentose phosphate pathway and to reduced activity of the TCA cycle. As a consequence the production of the prooxidant NADH is reduced and production of the protective NADPH is enhanced. In R. sphaeroides enzymes for glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, Entner–Doudoroff pathway and gluconeogenesis are induced in response to 1O2 by the alternative sigma factor RpoHII. The same is true for the sRNA SorY. By limiting malate import SorY thus contributes to the balance of the metabolic fluxes under photooxidative stress conditions. This assigns a so far unknown function to an sRNA in oxidative stress response.
Development of an HPLC post-column antioxidant assay for Solidago canadensis radical scavengers
Creators: name: Marksa, Mindaugas
name: Radušienė, Jolita
name: Jakštas, Valdas
name: Ivanauskas, Liudas
name: Rūta Marksienė
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry

description: The aim of this work was to modify and validate the post-column high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-ABTS and DPPH methods for evaluating the antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts of Solidago canadensis (Canadian goldenrod) leaves and flowers. Separation of the analytes was performed via the HPLC-PDA method on a YMC analytical column using a gradient elution program. Three compounds with antioxidant properties – chlorogenic acid, rutin and isoquercitrin – and two unidentified antioxidants were established. The research showed that the coil temperature regimes and loop length combinations influence the optimised post-column assay method for detecting the antioxidant activity of goldenrod radical scavengers. Investigations established that the temperature in the reaction coil was a substantial factor contributing to the signal strength of the analytes after reacting with the DPPH and ABTS radicals.
Effect of right-handed currents and dark side of the solar neutrino parameter space to Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay
Creators: name: Bishee, Pritam Kumar
name: Sahu, Purushottam
name: Patra, Sudhanwa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Majorana nature of neutrinos will be the confirmed by the observation of the rare process called as neutrinoless double beta decay process, i.e. the simultaneous decay of two neutrons in the nucleus of an isotope (A, Z) into two protons and two electrons without the emission of any neutrinos i.e, $(A, Z) \to (A, Z + 2) + 2 e^-$. The non-observation of such a decay so far has been interpreted as a lower limit on the half life of the isotope under investigation, which puts severe constraints on any new physics giving rise to LNV in the electron sector. On the other hand, the standard mechanism with normal ordering and inverted ordering can not saturate the present experimental limit while quasi-degenerate light neutrinos are strongly disfavored by the upper limits on the sum of light neutrino masses from cosmological data sets. In this work, we show that how dark side of the solar neutrino parameter space and effect of new physics contributions from right-handed currents can saturate the experimental limit provided by KamLAND-Zen and GERDA.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Synthesis of Some NovelN-Substituted Phthalazinone and Pyridopyridazinone Derivatives
Creators: name: Malinowski, Zbigniew
name: Sroczyński, Dariusz
name: Szcześniak, Aleksandra K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: ABSTRACTPhthalazinone and pyridopyridazinone derivatives 3, 5, 9 were prepared via reaction of appropriate lactams 2, 8 with 2-bromoethylphthalimide, N-tosylaziridine, and N,O-ditosyl derivative of N-methylethanolamine in the two step process, in the presence of MeONa/MeOH or NaH/DMF. Starting compounds 2 and 8 were obtained by reaction of hydrazine hydrate with isoindolinones 1 or azaisoindolinones 6. Selected N-(2-phthalimidoethyl)-phthalazinones were converted into corresponding 2-[2-(methylamino) ethyl]- derivatives in satisfactory yields by treatment with hydrazine.