cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Black-box Adversarial Attacks on Commercial Speech Platforms with Minimal Information
Creators: name: Zheng, Baolin
name: Jiang, Peipei
name: Wang, Qian
name: Li, Qi
name: Shen, Chao
name: Wang, Cong
name: Ge, Yunjie
name: Teng, Qingyang
name: Zhang, Shenyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial attacks against commercial black-box speech platforms, including cloud speech APIs and voice control devices, have received little attention until recent years. The current "black-box" attacks all heavily rely on the knowledge of prediction/confidence scores to craft effective adversarial examples, which can be intuitively defended by service providers without returning these messages. In this paper, we propose two novel adversarial attacks in more practical and rigorous scenarios. For commercial cloud speech APIs, we propose Occam, a decision-only black-box adversarial attack, where only final decisions are available to the adversary. In Occam, we formulate the decision-only AE generation as a discontinuous large-scale global optimization problem, and solve it by adaptively decomposing this complicated problem into a set of sub-problems and cooperatively optimizing each one. Our Occam is a one-size-fits-all approach, which achieves 100% success rates of attacks with an average SNR of 14.23dB, on a wide range of popular speech and speaker recognition APIs, including Google, Alibaba, Microsoft, Tencent, iFlytek, and Jingdong, outperforming the state-of-the-art black-box attacks. For commercial voice control devices, we propose NI-Occam, the first non-interactive physical adversarial attack, where the adversary does not need to query the oracle and has no access to its internal information and training data. We combine adversarial attacks with model inversion attacks, and thus generate the physically-effective audio AEs with high transferability without any interaction with target devices. Our experimental results show that NI-Occam can successfully fool Apple Siri, Microsoft Cortana, Google Assistant, iFlytek and Amazon Echo with an average SRoA of 52% and SNR of 9.65dB, shedding light on non-interactive physical attacks against voice control devices.
description: A version of this paper appears in the proceedings of the 28th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS 2021). The notes in Tables 1 and 4 have been updated
Cephennium pygmaeum SAULCY 1870
Creators: name: Assing, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Cephennium
Cephennium pygmaeum

description: Cephennium pygmaeum SAULCY, 1870 (Figs 54-56)
Material examined by C. Besuchet (unpubl.): C. pygaeum pygmaeum: SPAIN: 9♂♂, 9♀♀, Andalucía, Sevilla, Carmona env., " Hof Alamaja ", leg. Franz (MHNG, NHMW); 2♂♂, 2♀♀, Sevilla env., "Cortijo de Maribanetz", leg. Franz (NHMW); 1♂, Cordoba (MNHNP); 1♀, Andalucía, Sierra de Cazorla, leg. Besuchet (MHNG).
C. pygmaeum algeciranum: SPAIN: 5♂♂, 6♀♀, Andalucía, Sevilla, Cinca de Pino, leg. Franz (MHNG, NHMW); 5♂♂, 6♀♀, Andalucía, Sevilla, Los Palacios, leg. Besuchet (MHNG); 1♀, Andalucía, Algeciras env., La Roca, leg. Franz (NHMW); 1♂, 1♀, Algeciras, leg. Fran, Simon (MNHNP, NHMW); 1♂, 3♀♀, Andalucía, Malaga, Montes de Malaga, leg. Besuchet (MHNG),.
C. pygmaeum striolatum: PORTUGAL: 1♂, Serra do Gerês (MNHNP. SPAIN: 2♀♀, Andalucía, Sevilla, Venta del Alto, leg. Besuchet (MHNG); 2♂♂, 1♀, " Cordone " (MHNG).
According to the original description of C. pygmaeum, which is based on an unspecified number of syntypes from "Sierra de Cordoba", this species is blind, of reddish colouration, and 0.5 mm long (SAULCY 1870). REITTER (1882) described C. algeciranum based on an unspecified number of type specimens from "Algeciras". REITTER (1884) described C. striolatum from " Andalusien ". Cephennium algeciranum and C. striolatum were subsequently regarded as subspecies of C. pygmaeum (VÍT & BESUCHET 2004). Besuchet (unpubl.) lists material of the three subspecies, partly with doubtful or unidentified locality data, but provided (practically identical) illustrations only for C. pygmaeum and C. algeciranum (Figs 54-56). This suggests that the aedeagi of the three taxa do not differ. Moreover, the localities of the material examined by Besuchet (see above) do not reveal clear distribution patterns. In consequence, the status of both C. algeciranum and C. striolatus appears highly doubtful.
description: Published as part of Assing, Volker, 2021, On the Cephennium fauna of the Iberian Peninsula and the Atlantic Islands (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae), pp. 891-931 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 52 (2) on pages 922-923, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5039032
Additional file 10 of Associations between compliance with covid-19 public health recommendations and perceived contagion in others: a self-report study in Swedish university students
Creators: name: Andersson, Claes
name: Bendtsen, Marcus
name: Molander, Olof
name: Granlund, Lilian
name: Topooco, Naira
name: Engström, Karin
name: Lindfors, Petra
name: Berman, Anne H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 10: Table S10. Symptoms of contagion in another person and self-reported recommendation compliance—analytic results.
Dynamics of the solar chromosphere. V. High-frequency modulation in ultraviolet image sequences from TRACE
Creators: name: de Wijn, A. G.
name: Rutten, R. J.
name: Tarbell, T. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for signatures of high-frequency oscillations in the upper solar photosphere and low chromosphere in the context of acoustic heating of outer stellar atmospheres. We use ultraviolet image sequences of a quiet center-disk area from the Transition Region and Coronal Explorer (TRACE) mission which were taken with strict cadence regularity. The latter permits more reliable high-frequency diagnosis than in earlier work. Spatial Fourier power maps, spatially averaged coherence and phase-difference spectra, and spatio-temporal k-f decompositions all contain high-frequency features that at first sight seem of considerable intrinsic interest but actually are more likely to represent artifacts of different nature. Spatially averaged phase difference measurement provides the most sensitive diagnostic and indicates the presence of acoustic modulation up to f=20 mHz (periods down to 50 seconds) in internetwork areas.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Detecting single-electron tunneling involving virtual processes in real time
Creators: name: Gustavsson, S.
name: Studer, M.
name: Leturcq, R.
name: Ihn, T.
name: Ensslin, K.
name: Driscoll, D. C.
name: Gossard, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use time-resolved charge detection techniques to probe virtual tunneling processes in a double quantum dot. The process involves an energetically forbidden state separated by an energy $δ$ from the Fermi energy in the leads. The non-zero tunneling probability can be interpreted as cotunneling, which occurs as a direct consequence of time-energy uncertainty. For small energy separation the electrons in the quantum dots delocalize and form molecular states. In this regime we establish the experimental equivalence between cotunneling and sequential tunneling into molecular states for electron transport in a double quantum dot. Finally, we investigate inelastic cotunneling processes involving excited states of the quantum dots. Using the time-resolved charge detection techniques, we are able to extract the shot noise of the current in the cotunneling regime.
Additional file 11 of Associations between compliance with covid-19 public health recommendations and perceived contagion in others: a self-report study in Swedish university students
Creators: name: Andersson, Claes
name: Bendtsen, Marcus
name: Molander, Olof
name: Granlund, Lilian
name: Topooco, Naira
name: Engström, Karin
name: Lindfors, Petra
name: Berman, Anne H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 11: Figure S1. Compliance and self-reported symptoms of people living with the respondent.
Additional file 12 of Associations between compliance with covid-19 public health recommendations and perceived contagion in others: a self-report study in Swedish university students
Creators: name: Andersson, Claes
name: Bendtsen, Marcus
name: Molander, Olof
name: Granlund, Lilian
name: Topooco, Naira
name: Engström, Karin
name: Lindfors, Petra
name: Berman, Anne H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 12: Figure S2. Compliance and self-reported symptoms of family members of the respondent (not living with).
An evaluation of the system used by the British Columbia cancer registry to record data on cases of invasive cervical cancer
Creators: name: Husted, Janice Aileen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study evaluated the quality of data recorded by the British Columbia (B.C.). Cancer Registry on cases of invasive cervical cancer. This study did this by comparing the Registry's pathological diagnosis, age, marital status, residence, and date of death of all cases that had been registered as invasive cervical cancer in B.C. during 1977, 1978, and 1979 with a best estimate of the truth for these items of information, based on data collected from B.C.'s cytology screening programme and from clinical charts on file at the Cancer Control Agency of British Columbia (CCA.B.C.) . This comparison showed that the Registry's data for these years overestimated the true incidence of invasive cervical cancer. One hundred and eighty-four (35%) of the Registry's 521 cases were not true cases of invasive cervical cancer. Of these 184, 141 (77%) were cases of pre-invasive cervical cancer; 26 (14%) did not fit the criteria of an incident case (a new case of invasive cervical cancer diagnosed in B.C. during 1977 to 1979); and 17 (9%) were cases of invasive cancer of another primary site (e.g. bowel, endometrium). In addition to this misreporting, 28 true cases of invasive cervical cancer that had been diagnosed in B.C. during 1977 to 1979 had not been reported to the Registry. Thus, there were errors of omission as well as commission. Finally, it was found that the Registry only recorded 25 (29%) of the 85 fatalities that had occurred among the true cases of invasive cervical cancer, and that the information on marital status was incorrect for 65% of cases, and, on residence for 30%. Further investigation revealed that all of these inaccuracies arose because of unsatisfactory registration procedures used by the Registry. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that there have been shortcomings in the data provided by the B.C. Cancer Registry for use in monitoring the incidence of this type of cancer over time; in planning service facilities for it; and evaluating the provincial cervical screening programme.
Statistical strong lensing. II. Cosmology and galaxy structure with time-delay lenses
Creators: name: Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Time delay lensing is a powerful tool to measure the Hubble constant $H_0$. In order to obtain an accurate estimate of $H_0$ from a sample of time delay strong lenses, however, it is necessary to have a very good knowledge of the mass structure of the lens galaxies. Strong lensing data on their own are not sufficient to break the degeneracy between $H_0$ and the lens model parameters, on a single object basis. Aims. The goal of this study is to determine whether it is possible to break the $H_0$-lens structure degeneracy with the statistical combination of a large sample of time-delay lenses, relying purely on strong lensing data (that is, with no stellar kinematics information). Methods. I simulated a set of 100 lenses with doubly imaged quasars and related time delay measurements. I fitted these data with a Bayesian hierarchical method and a flexible model for the lens population, emulating the lens modelling step. Results. The sample of 100 lenses, on its own, provides a measurement of $H_0$ with $3\%$ precision, but with a $-4\%$ bias. However, the addition of prior information on the lens structural parameters from a large sample of lenses with no time delays, such as that considered in Paper I, allows for a $1\%$-level inference. Moreover, the 100 lenses allow for a $0.03$~dex calibration of galaxy stellar masses, regardless of the level of prior knowledge of the Hubble constant. Conclusions. Breaking the $H_0$-lens model degeneracy with lensing data alone is possible, but $1\%$ measurements of $H_0$ require either a number of time delay lenses much larger than 100, or the knowledge of the structural parameter distribution of the lens population from a separate sample of lenses.
description: Published on Astronomy & Astrophysics. A 2-minute summary video is available at https://youtu.be/EBiWvKCL6yk
Perturbation of Nuclear Decay Rates During the Solar Flare of 13 December 2006
Creators: name: Jenkins, Jere H.
name: Fischbach, Ephraim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Jenkins, et al. have reported the detection of correlations between fluctuations in nuclear decay rates and Earth-Sun distance, which suggest that nuclear decay rates can be affected by solar activity. In this paper, we report the detection of a significant decrease in the decay of 54Mn during the solar flare of 13 December 2006, whose x-rays were first recorded at 02:37 UT (21:37 EST on 12 December). Our detector was a 1 uCi sample of 54Mn, whose decay rate exhibited a dip coincident in time with spikes in both the x-ray and proton fluxes recorded by the GOES-10 and 11 satellites. A secondary peak in the x-ray and proton fluxes on 17 December at 12:40 EST was also accompanied by a coincident dip in the 54Mn decay rate. These observations support the claim by Jenkins, et al. that nuclear decay rates vary with Earth-Sun distance.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Κριτική παρουσίαση της διαμάχης H. L. A. Hart και Lord Devlin ως προς τις σχέσεις νόμου και ηθικής
Creators: name: Βανέζου, Συλβάνα
Publisher: name: Pro Justitia: Ηλεκτρονική Επετηρίδα Νομικής Σχολής ΑΠΘ
Year: 2022
Subjects: αρχή της βλάβης, επιβολή των ηθών, θετική και κριτική ηθική, κοινότητα ιδεών, κοινωνική αποσύνθεση, νομικός θετικισμός, νομικός μοραλισμός, νομικός πατερναλισμός, Clapham omnibus.

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας μελέτης αποτελεί η κριτική παρουσίαση της διαμάχης Hart-Devlin ως προς τις σχέσεις νόμου και ηθικής, αφετηρία της οποίας υπήρξε η δημοσιοποίηση το 1957 της έκθεσης Wolfenden στη Μεγάλη Βρετανία, που προέτεινε την αποποινικοποίηση της ομοφυλοφιλίας. Εξετάζεται η θεωρία της επιβολής των ηθών του Devlin, βάσει της οποίας ο ηθικός νόμος εκλαμβάνεται ως θεματοφύλακας της κοινότητας, και ασκείται κριτική στον νομικό μοραλισμό, ενώ επισκοπούνται οι βασικότερες πτυχές της κριτικής του Hart επί των θέσεων του Devlin, υπό το πρίσμα της θεώρησής του για τα όρια του νόμου και την αρχή της βλάβης, ο νομικός πατερναλισμός, καθώς και οι αντιρρήσεις του για την κοινή ηθική και κοινωνική αποσύνθεση. Απορρίπτοντας, αν και σε διαφορετικό βαθμό, τις δύο αντιλήψεις, τόσο του νομικού μοραλισμού του Devlin όσο και του νομικού θετικισμού του Hart, η μελέτη προτείνει μια εναλλακτική θεώρηση, που συνίσταται στην, κατά  Dworkin, θεμελίωση του δικαίου στις γενικές αρχές και αξίες που εγγράφονται στην επικράτεια του παγκόσμιου πολιτισμού και στον περιορισμό του νόμου ως κρατικού εξαναγκασμού και επέμβασης στην ελευθερία του ατόμου στις απολύτως αναγκαίες ρυθμίσεις του βιοτικού φάσματος.  
description: Pro Justitia: Ηλεκτρονική Επετηρίδα Νομικής Σχολής ΑΠΘ, Τόμ. 5 (2022)
Cephennium ibericum CROISSANDEAU 1891
Creators: name: Assing, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Cephennium
Cephennium ibericum

description: Cephennium ibericum CROISSANDEAU, 1891 (Figs 57-58)
Material examined by C. Besuchet (unpubl.): SPAIN: 1♂ [syntype], locality not specified (MNHNP); 4♂♂, 4♀♀: Granada, Alfacar, leg. Breit, etc. (MHNG, NHMW); 2♂♂, Sierra Nevada, 1600 m, leg. Besuchet (MHNG); 1♀: "sp. no 677", leg. Franz (NHMW).
The original description is based on an unspecified number of syntypes (probably a single male) from " Espagne, sans localité précise" (CROISSANDEAU 1891). The material examined by Besuchet (unpubl.) suggests that this species is distributed in Sierra Nevada. The aedeagus, which is illustrated in Figs 57-58, based on Besuchet (unpubl.), suggests that this species is closely allied to C. filabresicum.
description: Published as part of Assing, Volker, 2021, On the Cephennium fauna of the Iberian Peninsula and the Atlantic Islands (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae), pp. 891-931 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 52 (2) on page 923, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5039032
Dynamics of entanglement in a one-dimensional Ising chain
Creators: name: Furman, G. B.
name: Meerovich, V. M.
name: Sokolovsky, V. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of entanglement in a one-dimensional Ising chain is numerically studied under various initial conditions. We analyze two problems concerning the dynamics of the entanglement: (i) generation of the entanglement from the pseudopure separable state and (ii) transportation of the entanglement from one end of the chain to the other. The investigated model is a one-dimensional Ising spin-1/2 chain with nearest-neighbor interactions placed in an external magnetic field and irradiated by a weak resonant transverse field. The possibility of selective initialization of partially entangled states is considered. It was shown that, in spite of the use of a model with the direct interactions between the nearest neighbors, the entanglement between remote spins is generated.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Interplay and optimization of decoherence mechanisms in the optical control of spin quantum bits implemented on a semiconductor quantum dot
Creators: name: Grodecka, A.
name: Weber, C.
name: Machnikowski, P.
name: Knorr, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of the environment on an optically induced rotation of a single electron spin in a charged semiconductor quantum dot. We analyze the decoherence mechanisms resulting from the dynamical lattice response to the charge evolution induced in a trion-based optical spin control scheme. Moreover, we study the effect of the finite trion lifetime and of the imperfections of the unitary evolution such as off-resonant excitations and the nonadiabaticity of the driving. We calculate the total error of the operation on a spin-based qubit in an InAs/GaAs quantum dot system and discuss possible optimization against the different contributions. We indicate the parameters which allow for coherent control of the spin with a single qubit gate error as low as $10^{-4}$.
description: Final version, 14 pages, 11 figures
First direct lattice calculation of the chiral perturbation theory low-energy constant $\ell_7$
Creators: name: Frezzotti, R.
name: Gagliardi, G.
name: Lubicz, V.
name: Martinelli, G.
name: Sanfilippo, F.
name: Simula, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate by means of lattice QCD calculations the low-energy constant $\ell_{7}$ which parametrizes strong isospin effects at NLO in $\rm{SU}(2)$ chiral perturbation theory. Among all low-energy constants at NLO, $\ell_{7}$ is the one known less precisely, and its uncertainty is currently larger than $50\%$. Our strategy is based on the RM123 approach in which the lattice path-integral is expanded in powers of the isospin breaking parameter $Δm= (m_{d}-m_{u})/2$. In order to evaluate the relevant lattice correlators we make use of the recently proposed rotated twisted-mass (RTM) scheme. Within the RM123 approach, it is possible to cleanly extract the value of $\ell_{7}$ from either the pion mass splitting $M_{π^{+}}-M_{π^{0}}$ induced by strong isospin breaking at order $\mathcal{O}\left((Δm)^{2}\right)$ (mass method), or from the coupling of the neutral pion $π^{0}$ to the isoscalar operator $\left(\bar{u}γ_{5}u + \bar{d}γ_{5} d\right)/\sqrt{2}$ at order $\mathcal{O}(Δm)$ (matrix element method). In this pilot study we limit the analysis to a single ensemble generated by the Extended Twisted Mass Collaboration (ETMC) with $N_{f}=2+1+1$ dynamical quark flavours, which corresponds to a lattice spacing $a\simeq 0.095~{\rm fm}$ and to a pion mass $M_π\simeq 260~{\rm MeV}$. We find that the matrix element method outperforms the mass method in terms of resulting statistical accuracy. Our determination, $\ell_{7} = 2.5(1.4)\times 10^{-3}$, is in agreement and improves previous calculations.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Investigation of electronic energy levels in a weak ferromagnetic oxygen-deficient BiFeO2.85 thick film using absorption and X ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies
Creators: name: Balakrishnan, Ramachandran
name: Dixit, Ambesh
name: Rao, Mamidanna Sri Ramachandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We grew a 2 micron thick film of single-phase BiFeO3 on a Si (100) substrate by pulsed laser deposition with a substrate temperature of 575 oC and an oxygen partial pressure of 0.06 mbar. X ray diffraction analysis indicated that the film exhibits textured growth along the (110) plane and possesses a rhombohedral R3c structure. Investigations using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy revealed an average grain size of about 300 nm and a surface roughness of 18 nm for the film. Energy dispersive X ray analysis estimated the composition of the film to be BiFeO2.85. Temperature- and magnetic field dependent magnetization measurements demonstrated weak ferromagnetic properties in the BiFeO2.85 film, with a non-zero spontaneous magnetization at H = 0 Oe across the temperature range of 2 to 300 K. Furthermore, the exchange bias field (HEB) of the film changed from the positive exchange bias field (+HEB = +6.45 Oe) at 200 K to a negative field (-HEB = -8.12 Oe) at 100 K, indicating a shift in macroscopic magnetism from antiferromagnetic to weak ferromagnetic order below 200 K. Elemental analysis via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the Fe ions in the BiFeO2.85 film are in a 3+ valence state, and a peak feature at 532.1 eV confirmed the presence of induced oxygen vacancies. UV visible NIR and valence band spectroscopic studies showed that the direct band-gap energy, and the separation between the valence band maximum and Fermi energy were approximately 2.27 eV and 0.9 eV, respectively, which are red-shifted when compared to its bulk form.
description: 39 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in Surface and Interface Analysis Journal
A non-absorbing SIR stochastic lattice gas model on hybrid lattices
Creators: name: Ferraz, Carlos Handrey Araujo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we perform Monte Carlo calculations to study the critical behavior of the spread of infectious diseases through a novel approach to the SIR epidemiological model. A stochastic lattice gas version of the model was applied on hybrid lattices which, in turn, are generated from typical square lattices when inserting a connection probability $p$ that a given lattice site has both first- and second-nearest neighbor interactions. By combining percolation theory and finite-size scaling analysis, we estimate both the critical threshold and leading critical exponent ratios of the non-absorbing SIR model in different cases of hybrid lattices. An analysis of the average size of the percolating cluster and the size distribution of non-percolating clusters of recovered individuals was carried out to determine the universality class of the model.
description: 10 pages, 20 figures
Out of Barotseland
Creators: name: Maniatis, Antonios
Publisher: name: Pro Justitia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Barotseland, British diplomacy, Constitutional History, Crete (Autonomous State of Crete), Northern Rhodesia, Western Province, Zambia

description: Barotseland, a territory with a vague legal regime, is situated between Namibia, Botswana, (the rest part of) Zambia and Angola. Through the 1964 Barotseland Agreement, that Kingdom, being a British protectorate within the protectorate of Northern Rhodesia, would form a single State along with the other protectorate, in case of emergence of a sovereign State against the UK. The Agreement previewed no federal structure for the new State but some privileges of limited self-governance for Barotseland. The reason of Northern Rhodesia’s leader, Kenneth Kaunda, for which he was prepared to grant such privileges, and why he insisted on a separate treaty rather than a clause in the Constitution, was that this Agreement was agreed upon merely as a passport to enable Zambia to integrate Barotseland and proceed to Independence as one country whilst, after all, the Zambian Government considered that it had no moral obligation whatsoever to respect the Agreement. Kaunda’s party was initially prepared to allow the process of Barotseland’s submission to Zambian rule to transpire gradually and gently, which reminds slightly of the British intervention in the Cretan autonomous State, from 1903 to 1906. The Consul General Howard against the High Commissioner of Crete managed to ‘’…let him down gently’’. In 1969, 80 years after the beginning of the colonial rule over Barotseland, this country was called ‘’Western Province’’ and the Agreement was terminated abruptly by the Zambian regime. Not only has this question never been resolved but it has been significantly revitalized in recent years. Barotseland became a member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO) in 2013. 
description: Pro Justitia, Τόμ. 5 (2022)
Angular Momemtum of Binary Asteroids: Implication for their possible origin
Creators: name: Descamps, Pascal
name: Marchis, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe in this work a thorough study of the physical and orbital characteristics of extensively observed main-belt and Trojan binaries, mainly taken from the LAOSA (Large Adaptive Optics Survey of Asteroids, Marchis et al., 2006c) database, along with a selection of bifurcated objects. Dimensionless quantities, such as the specific angular momentum and the primary spin rate, are computed and discussed for each system. They suggest that these asteroidal systems might be the outcome of rotational fission or mass shedding of a parent body presumably subjected to an external torque. One of the most striking features of separated binaries composed of a large primary (Rp > 100 km) with a much smaller secondary (Rs < 20 km) is that they all have total angular momentum of 0.27. This value is quite close to the Maclaurin-Jacobi bifurcation (0.308) of a spinning fluid body. Alternatively, contact binaries and tidally locked double asteroids, made of components of similar size, have an angular momentum larger than 0.48. They compare successfully with the fission equilibrium sequence of a rotating fluid mass. In conclusion, we find that total angular momentum is a useful proxy to assess internal structure of such systems.
description: 36 pages3 figures, 1 table
Cephennium lusitanum CASTELLINI 2011
Creators: name: Assing, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Cephennium
Cephennium lusitanum

description: Cephennium lusitanum CASTELLINI, 2011
The original description is based on 17 type specimens from two localities in Porte de Mós, Leira, Portugal. For illustrations of the aedeagus, which is characterized by a pair of pronounced spines in the internal sac, see CASTELLINI (2011).
description: Published as part of Assing, Volker, 2021, On the Cephennium fauna of the Iberian Peninsula and the Atlantic Islands (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae), pp. 891-931 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 52 (2) on page 923, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5039032
Student-athletes’ perceptions of relationship quality and life skills development
Creators: name: Ault, Kylee J.
name: Blanton, Jedediah E.
name: Pierce, Scott
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Positive developmental outcomes for youth are likely to occur when adults intentionally design environments to facilitate that development. However, in sport, studies typically examine only one adult relationship at a time, as opposed to the many that exist. The purpose of this study was to examine high school student-athletes’ perceptions of how a variety of stakeholders in their sport-ecosystem contribute to their life skills development and well-being. Bronfenbrenner’s Bio-Ecological Model and Prilleltensky’s concept of psychopolitical validity served as a guiding framework for interviews conducted with student-athletes (N = 46) in three different states in the United States of America. Themes suggested that the student-athletes’ relationships have a reciprocal interaction with their developmental experiences to create three different forms of development. Student-athletes had basic life skills recognition when learning without meaning was fostered by low-engagement relationships, development through adverse experiences when learning through necessity occurred through challenging relationships, and meaningful development when anchored learning experiences were supported by transformative relationships in their sport world. Lay summary: High school student-athletes were asked about their life skills development and how adults in their sport system influenced or hindered that development. Student-athletes favored highly engaged adults that supported opportunities by anchoring their learning in meaningful experiences. The relationship with the adult and the meaningful experience reciprocally influenced each other. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICECoaches, parents, and athletic directors should aim to provide opportunities for athletes to practice life skills in a meaningful way.Fostering positive relationships with student-athletes and being highly engaged in their development is favored by student-athletes.Transformative relationships and meaningful learning experiences may promote a better sense of community well-being. Coaches, parents, and athletic directors should aim to provide opportunities for athletes to practice life skills in a meaningful way. Fostering positive relationships with student-athletes and being highly engaged in their development is favored by student-athletes. Transformative relationships and meaningful learning experiences may promote a better sense of community well-being.
How to quantify the influence of correlations on investment diversification
Creators: name: Medo, Matus
name: Yeung, Chi Ho
name: Zhang, Yi-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When assets are correlated, benefits of investment diversification are reduced. To measure the influence of correlations on investment performance, a new quantity - the effective portfolio size - is proposed and investigated in both artificial and real situations. We show that in most cases, the effective portfolio size is much smaller than the actual number of assets in the portfolio and that it lowers even further during financial crises.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Potential reconstruction from general power spectrum in single-field inflation
Creators: name: Choi, Ki-Young
name: Gong, Jinn-Ouk
name: Kang, Su-beom
name: Raveendran, Rathul Nath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a new method to reconstruct, within canonical single-field inflation, the inflaton potential directly from the primordial power spectrum which may deviate significantly from near scale-invariance. Our approach relies on a more generalized slow-roll approximation than the standard one, and can probe the properties of the inflaton potential reliably. We give a few examples for reconstructing potential and discuss the validity of our method.
description: (v1) 12 pages, 2 figures; (v2) 13 pages, more clarifications, to appear in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics
Additional file 13 of Associations between compliance with covid-19 public health recommendations and perceived contagion in others: a self-report study in Swedish university students
Creators: name: Andersson, Claes
name: Bendtsen, Marcus
name: Molander, Olof
name: Granlund, Lilian
name: Topooco, Naira
name: Engström, Karin
name: Lindfors, Petra
name: Berman, Anne H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 13: Figure S3. Compliance and self-reported symptoms of acquaintances of the respondent.
Towards a microscopic description of dimer adsorbates on metallic surfaces
Creators: name: Merino, Jaime
name: Borda, Laszlo
name: Simon, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the experimental successes of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) and the interest in more complex magnetic nanostructures, our present understanding and theoretical description of STM spectra of magnetic adatoms is mainly phenomenological and most often ignores many-body effects. Here, we propose a theory which includes a microscopic description of the wave functions of the substrate and magnetic adatoms together with quantum many-body effects. To test our theory, we have computed the STM spectra of magnetic Cobalt monomers and dimers adsorbed on metallic Copper surfaces and succesfully compared our results to recent available experimental data.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, discussion of calculation of RKKY interaction and connection to NRG included. Extended discussion on calculations of the one-electron parameters of Anderson model. Typos corrected
Multicomponent Heat-Bath Configuration Interaction with the Perturbative Correction for the Calculation of Protonic Excited States
Creators: name: Alaal, Naresh
name: Brorsen, Kurt R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we extend the multicomponent heat-bath configuration interaction (HCI) method to excited states. Previous multicomponent HCI studies have been performed using only the variational stage of the HCI algorithm as they have largely focused on the calculation of protonic densities. Because this study focuses on energetic quantities, a second-order perturbative correction after the variational stage is essential. Therefore, this study implements the second-order Epstein-Nesbet correction to the variational stage of multicomponent HCI for the first time. Additionally, this study introduces a new procedure for calculating reference excitation energies for multicomponent methods using the Fourier-grid Hamiltonian (FGH) method, which should allow the one-particle electronic basis set errors to be better isolated from errors arising from an incomplete description of electron-proton correlation. The excited-state multicomponent HCI method is benchmarked by computing protonic excitations of the HCN and FHF-molecules and is shown to be of similar accuracy to previous excited-state multicomponent methods such as multicomponent time-dependent density functional theory and equation-of-motion coupled-cluster theory relative to the new FGH reference values.
description: Minor revisions
On-ground calibrations of the GRID-02 gamma-ray detector
Creators: name: Gao, Huaizhong
name: Yang, Dongxin
name: Wen, Jiaxing
name: Zheng, Xutao
name: Zeng, Ming
name: Cang, Jirong
name: Zeng, Weihe
name: Pan, Xiaofan
name: Zhou, Qimin
name: Liu, Yihui
name: Feng, Hua
name: Zhang, Binbin
name: Zeng, Zhi
name: Tian, Yang
name: Collaboration, GRID
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gamma-Ray Integrated Detectors (GRID) are a space project to monitor the transient gamma-ray sky in the multi-messenger astronomy era using multiple detectors on-board CubeSats. The second GRID detector, GRID-02, was launched in 2020. The performance of the detector, including the energy response, effective area, angular response, and temperature-bias dependence, is calibrated in the laboratory and presented here. These measurements are compared with particle tracing simulations and validate the Geant4 model that will be used for generating detector responses.
description: final manuscript, 15 pages, 12 figures, published on Exp. Astron
Coaching for winning or holistic athlete development, or both? Validation of the two-dimensional Identity of Sport Coaches Scale (2-DISCS)
Creators: name: Yukhymenko-Lescroart, Mariya A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Coaches face the pressures of producing desired sport outcomes for athletes and teams and developing their athletes as holistic individuals. As a result, coaches may invest different amounts of time, passion, and effort in fostering different outcomes for athletes, including winning and holistic development, and thus view themselves as primarily oriented toward winning or holistic athlete development, or both. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Two-Dimensional Identity of Sport Coaches Scale (2-DISCS) designed to measure winning-centered and holistic development-centered coaching identities. The scale was developed using the 4Cs framework. Following literature review, an item pool was developed and submitted for content validation. Then, items were tested with collegiate coaches. In Study 1 (N = 946), initial factor structure was examined through confirmatory factor analysis. In Study 2 (N = 380), psychometric properties of the items were further assessed through confirmatory factor analysis. Results confirmed the two-factor structure. Measurement invariance was established across gender, NCAA Division, and position. Overall, results provided evidence of factorial validity, construct validity, and reliability of the scale. The 10-item 2-DISCS is suggested as a reasonable measure of winning-centered and holistic development-centered identity of sport coaches that can be used in future studies and in practice. However, future studies should further examine the validity of the 2-DISCS.  Lay summary: Coaches may view themselves primarily oriented towards winning or holistic athlete development, or both. Utilizing the 4Cs framework, here we describe the development and validation of the Two-Dimensional Identity of Sport Coaches Scale (2-DISCS), a 10-item scale designed for coaches to measure winningcentered and holistic development-centered coaching identities.
Additional file 14 of Associations between compliance with covid-19 public health recommendations and perceived contagion in others: a self-report study in Swedish university students
Creators: name: Andersson, Claes
name: Bendtsen, Marcus
name: Molander, Olof
name: Granlund, Lilian
name: Topooco, Naira
name: Engström, Karin
name: Lindfors, Petra
name: Berman, Anne H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 14: Figure S4. Compliance and self-reported symptoms of others the respondent had contact with.
Galactic interstellar 18O/17O ratios - a radial gradient?
Creators: name: Wouterloot, J. G. A.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Brand, J.
name: Davis, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Our aim is to determine 18O/17O abundance ratios across the entire Galaxy. These provide a measure of the amount of enrichment by high-mass versus intermediate-mass stars. Such ratios, derived from the C18O and C17O J=1-0 lines alone, may be affected by systematic errors. Therefore, the C18O and C17O (1-0), (2-1), and (3-2), as well as the 13CO (1-0) and (2-1) lines, were observed towards 18 prominent galactic targets (a total of 25 positions). The combined dataset was analysed with an LVG model, accounting for optical depth effects. The data cover galactocentric radii R between 0.1 and 16.9 kpc (solar circle at 8.5 kpc). Near the centre of the Galaxy, 18O/17O = 2.88 +/- 0.11. For the galactic disc out to an R of ca. 10 kpc, 18O/17O = 4.16 +/- 0.09. At ca. R = 16.5 kpc, 18O/17O = 5.03 +/- 0.46. Assuming that 18O is synthesised predominantly in high-mass stars (M > 8 Msun), while C17O is mainly a product of lower-mass stars, the ratio from the inner Galaxy indicates a dominance of CNO-hydrogen burning products that is also apparent in the C- and N-isotope ratios. The high 18O/17O value of the solar system (5.5) relative to that of the ambient ISM suggests contamination by nearby high-mass stars during its formation. High values in the metal-poor environment of the outer Galaxy are not matched by the low values observed towards the even more metal-poor LMC. Apparently, the outer Galaxy cannot be considered as an intermediate environment between the solar neighbourhood and the ISM of small metal-poor galaxies. The apparent 18O/17O gradient along the galactic disc and the discrepancy between outer disc and LMC isotope ratios may be explained by different ages of the respective stellar populations.
description: Accepted by Astron. & Astroph.; 10 pages + 4 pages on-line material (figs)
Cephennium scutulatum CASTELLINI 2011
Creators: name: Assing, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Cephennium
Cephennium scutulatum

description: Cephennium scutulatum CASTELLINI, 2011
This species was described based on four males from a locality in Golega, Santarém, Portugal. For illustrations of the aedeagus see CASTELLINI (2011).
description: Published as part of Assing, Volker, 2021, On the Cephennium fauna of the Iberian Peninsula and the Atlantic Islands (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae), pp. 891-931 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 52 (2) on page 923, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5039032
The practice of Chinese medicine in the contemporary urban context : herbalism in Vancouver's Chinatown
Creators: name: Kuprowsky, Stephan George
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This thesis is an ethnographic study of the present day practice of traditional Chinese herbal medicine by the Chinese community of Vancouver, British Columbia. A qualitative research design was used to document the facilities, activities, people and beliefs involved in the practice of Chinese herbalism. A descriptive survey i s summarized for the 18 herbal pharmacies found in Vancouver's Chinatown. One herbal pharmacy is used as an example to provide a case study for the herbal products available and the interactions between the herbalist and the clientele. The thesis is organized around three key questions. The first concerns the social organization of traditional Chinese herbal knowledge in Vancouver. A tripartite model is used to conceptualize three distinct areas of expertise and knowledge of traditional herbalism in the Chinese community. These are the: (i) traditional Chinese herbal doctors; ( ii ) folk practitioners who are herbal pharmacists; ( iii ) family use of herbs in self-care. A major finding of the study was the central role the Chinese family plays in perpetuating the traditional use of herbs for both the prevention and treatment of disease. The second question attempts to determine how the practice of Chinese herbalism has changed due to its transplantation from Asia to Canada. The most significant difference was the minor role played by the traditional Chinese herbal doctor i n Vancouver compared to those in Hong Kong. The third question the thesis addresses is why "has Chinese herbalism persisted in a Western setting where everyone has free access to a government supported health care system. The author examines both ethnic and cultural explanations to understand the strength of the Chinese herbal tradition in Vancouver. Data on the efficacy of Chinese herbs on both physiological and cultural-symbolic levels is presented to demonstrate the viability of this healing system i n a contemporary context. The thesis concludes with a discussion on the complementarity between the Western and Chinese healing systems from both a practical and a theoretical perspective.