cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards a regional protection of human rights in the perspective of Asia.docx
Creators: name: Md. Yamin Rahman
name: Dr. Md. Abdul Hannan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 180114 Human Rights Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This study outlined the regional protection of Human Rights in Asia that spans from the Middle East to Japan and covers up a very large space of Indian Sub-Continent, is geographically, politically and culturally too diverse for human rights to be managed effectively by a single protection. For a sustainable and effective protection, recognition of diverse political and social structures that range from democracy of Bangladesh, India, Japan, „semi-authoritarianism‟ of Singapore and Malaysia, communism of China and Vietnam and Islamic reigns of Iran, Saudi Arabia and so on. And, importantly distinct cultural traditions, social practices and environments result particular needs for each Asian country. So, a „margin of appreciation‟ should, as far as possible, be respected. If Human Rights mechanisms are to be successfully established in Asia, sub- regions are to be clearly defined within the larger Asian environment. Such sub-regional human rights systems can be more efficient for that the field of enforcing human rights then shall become narrower and easier to keep watchful eyes on discrimination and effective communication and fruitful establishment of human rights.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ОТРАБОТАННЫХ АДСОРБЕНТОВ В СФЕРУ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА НОСИТЕЛЕЙ ДЛЯ КАТАЛИЗАТОРОВ
Creators: name: Насуллаев, Хикматулло
name: Гуломов, Шухраткодир
name: Хабипов, Руслан
name: Абдиюсупов, Рузимурот
name: Курбонова, Дилфуза
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Настоящее исследование было сосредоточено на использовании остатков от термохимической регенерации отработанных адсорбентов путем переработки в гидроксид алюминия для синтеза носителей с пониженной кислотной функцией – магнийалюминиевой шпинели.
Contracting arrangements in agribusiness procurement practices in South Africa
Creators: name: Vermeulen, Hester
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Sartorius, Kurt
name: Vermeulen, Hester
name: Kirsten, Johann F.
name: Sartorius, Kurt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Procurement
subject: contracting
subject: agro-processing

description: Contracting arrangements in agribusiness procurement practices in South Africa
Cosmology with Interaction between Phantom Dark Energy and Dark Matter and the Coincidence Problem
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a cosmological model in which phantom dark energy is coupled to dark matter by phenomenologically introducing a coupled term to the equations of motion of dark energy and dark matter. This term is parameterized by a dimensionless coupling function $δ$, Hubble parameter and the energy density of dark matter, and it describes an energy flow between the dark energy and dark matter. We discuss two cases: one is the case where the equation-of-state $ω_e$ of the dark energy is a constant; the other is that the dimensionless coupling function $δ$ is a constant. We investigate the effect of the interaction on the evolution of the universe, the total lifetime of the universe, and the ratio of the period when the universe is in the coincidence state to its total lifetime. It turns out that the interaction will produce significant deviation from the case without the interaction.
description: Latex, 17 pages including 14 figures, minor changes
Automatic Detection and Recognition of Individuals in Patterned Species
Creators: name: Cheema, Gullal Singh
name: Anand, Saket
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual animal biometrics is rapidly gaining popularity as it enables a non-invasive and cost-effective approach for wildlife monitoring applications. Widespread usage of camera traps has led to large volumes of collected images, making manual processing of visual content hard to manage. In this work, we develop a framework for automatic detection and recognition of individuals in different patterned species like tigers, zebras and jaguars. Most existing systems primarily rely on manual input for localizing the animal, which does not scale well to large datasets. In order to automate the detection process while retaining robustness to blur, partial occlusion, illumination and pose variations, we use the recently proposed Faster-RCNN object detection framework to efficiently detect animals in images. We further extract features from AlexNet of the animal's flank and train a logistic regression (or Linear SVM) classifier to recognize the individuals. We primarily test and evaluate our framework on a camera trap tiger image dataset that contains images that vary in overall image quality, animal pose, scale and lighting. We also evaluate our recognition system on zebra and jaguar images to show generalization to other patterned species. Our framework gives perfect detection results in camera trapped tiger images and a similar or better individual recognition performance when compared with state-of-the-art recognition techniques.
description: 12 pages, ECML-PKDD 2017
Implications of Growing Biofuels Demands on Northeast Livestock Feed Costs
Creators: name: Schmit, Todd M.
name: Verteramo, Leslie J.
name: Tomek, William G.
name: Schmit, Todd M.
name: Verteramo, Leslie J.
name: Tomek, William G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: The relationship between complete-feed prices and commodity feedstock prices are estimated to analyze the effect of higher commodity prices on feed costs, with particular attention towards the price effects and substitutability of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). Assuming the historical positive correlation between corn and DDGS prices, each $1/ton increase in the price of corn increases per ton feed costs between $0.45 and $0.67 across livestock sectors. A negative price correlation would offset some of the cost increases, but under most scenarios feed costs are expected to be at or above those experienced in 2007.
Assessment of the performance and robustness of a new PID tuning technique for AVR systems
Creators: name: Uniyal, Ishita
name: Thakur, Padmanabh
name: Saini, Parvesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: In this work, a hybrid PID controller, combining Zeigler–Nichols (ZN) theory and the dominant pole placement, has been developed for the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) systems. Furthermore, the reduced order models (ROMs) of AVR systems, namely, AVR-1, AVR-2, and AVR-3, have been established using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Big Bang Big Crunch (BBBC), and Pade’s approximation, respectively. Then, the proposed PID controller has been applied to both the original and developed lower order models of AVR to check the efficacy and robustness of the developed hybrid controller. It is shown that the proposed hybrid PID controller provides a very small value of the percentage peak overshoot (%Mp) and settling time (ts). Also, the gain margin (GM) and phase margin (PM) are found to be in the desired range. Finally, the sensitivity analysis has also been performed to check the robustness of the proposed controller. The sensitivity function, complementary sensitivity function, and various performance indices have been evaluated for the proposed controller based on Bode’s Integral (BI), Tyreus–Lyuben (T–L), and Internal Model Control (IMC) approaches. The comparative studies of the results show that the proposed controller has smaller values of performance indices and sensitivity function.
Education and Industrial Revolution 4.0
Creators: name: Lase, Delipiter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: Industrial Revolution 4.0 has brought changes in various aspects of human life. One of them is the education system. The problem is, what components of education are affected, and how to respond to these implications? This paper aims to explain changes and alignment that are required to be done in education so that the human resources produced by various educational institutions can compete and contribute globally. The type of research used is library research. The discussion shows that the development of current and future curricula must elaborate on the abilities of students in the academic dimension, life skills, and the ability to live together and think critically and creatively. Other invisible skills like interpersonal skills, global-minded citizens, and literacy of the media and information available. Also, the curriculum must be able to direct and shape students ready to face the industrial revolution era with an emphasis on the fields of STEM. Curriculum reorientation refers to ICT-based learning, the internet of things, big data and computerization, as well as entrepreneurship and internship; this needs to be a compulsory curriculum to produce skilled graduates in literacy, technology literacy, and human literacy aspects. The competencies that must be possessed by the teacher are educational competence, skill for technological commercialization, capability in globalization, expertise in future strategies, and counselor competence. In addition to these competencies, teachers also need to have skills and friendliness with technology, collaboration, creative and taking risks, having a good sense of humor, and teaching as a whole (holistic). The open learning platform is one way to be considered by the school and teacher in deciding how education and learning are held.First publication: https://jurnal.unimed.ac.id/2012/index.php/handayani/article/view/14138
Supplementary Material "What really bothers us about work interruptions? Investigating the characteristics of work interruptions and their effects on office workers"
Creators: name: Rick, Vera B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 350505
subject: Occupational and workplace health and safety

description: This is the supplementary material to the publication "What really bothers us about work interruptions? Investigating the characteristics of work interruptions and their effects on office workers" in Work & Stress.
Do Farmers Hedge Optimally or by Habit? A Bayesian Partial-Adjustment Model of Farmer Hedging
Creators: name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: Karali, Berna
name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: Karali, Berna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Bayesian econometrics
subject: hedging decisions
subject: habit formation
subject: information sources

description: Hedging is one of the most important risk management decisions that farmers make and has a potentially large role in the level of profit eventually earned from farming. Using panel data from a survey of Georgia farmers that recorded their hedging decisions for four years on three crops we examine the role of habit, demographics, farm characteristics, and information sources on the hedging decisions made by 106 different farmers. We find that the role of habit varies widely. Information sources are shown to have significant and large effects on the chosen hedge ratios. The farmer's education level, attitude toward technology adoption, farm profitability, and the ratio of acres owned to acres farmed also play important roles in hedging decisions.
Wheat Variety Selection: An Application of Portfolio Theory to Improve Returns
Creators: name: Barkley, Andrew P.
name: Peterson, Hikaru Hanawa
name: Barkley, Andrew P.
name: Peterson, Hikaru Hanawa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: wheat variety selection
subject: portfolio theory

description: This presentation will report results of research that shows that a portfolio of wheat varieties can enhance profitability and reduce risk over the selection of a single variety. Many Kansas wheat farmers select varieties based on average yield. This study uses portfolio theory from business investment analysis to find the optimal, profit-maximizing and risk-minimizing combination of wheat varieties in Kansas.
A Conjoint Analysis of the U.S. Broiler Complex Location Decision
Creators: name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Sambidi, Pramod R.
name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Sambidi, Pramod R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: broilers
subject: conjoint analysis
subject: location
subject: poultry industry

description: A national survey of broiler industry executives is conducted to analyze site-specific factors related to the broiler-complex location problem. Conjoint analysis is used to analyze the broiler complex location decision. Feed costs, community attitude toward the broiler industry, availability of geographically concentrated growers, unemployment rates, and wage rates were found to be the top five factors affecting broiler company location decisions. The quality of roads between feed mill and growers; electricity, heating, water, and sewage costs; and the number of potential growers in the region were also found to be important.
Evaluating computational models of infant phonetic learning across languages
Creators: name: Matusevych, Yevgen
name: Schatz, Thomas
name: Kamper, Herman
name: Feldman, Naomi H.
name: Goldwater, Sharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the first year of life, infants' speech perception becomes attuned to the sounds of their native language. Many accounts of this early phonetic learning exist, but computational models predicting the attunement patterns observed in infants from the speech input they hear have been lacking. A recent study presented the first such model, drawing on algorithms proposed for unsupervised learning from naturalistic speech, and tested it on a single phone contrast. Here we study five such algorithms, selected for their potential cognitive relevance. We simulate phonetic learning with each algorithm and perform tests on three phone contrasts from different languages, comparing the results to infants' discrimination patterns. The five models display varying degrees of agreement with empirical observations, showing that our approach can help decide between candidate mechanisms for early phonetic learning, and providing insight into which aspects of the models are critical for capturing infants' perceptual development.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Education and Industrial Revolution 4.0
Creators: name: Lase, Delipiter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: Industrial Revolution 4.0 has brought changes in various aspects of human life. One of them is the education system. The problem is, what components of education are affected, and how to respond to these implications? This paper aims to explain changes and alignment that are required to be done in education so that the human resources produced by various educational institutions can compete and contribute globally. The type of research used is library research. The discussion shows that the development of current and future curricula must elaborate on the abilities of students in the academic dimension, life skills, and the ability to live together and think critically and creatively. Other invisible skills like interpersonal skills, global-minded citizens, and literacy of the media and information available. Also, the curriculum must be able to direct and shape students ready to face the industrial revolution era with an emphasis on the fields of STEM. Curriculum reorientation refers to ICT-based learning, the internet of things, big data and computerization, as well as entrepreneurship and internship; this needs to be a compulsory curriculum to produce skilled graduates in literacy, technology literacy, and human literacy aspects. The competencies that must be possessed by the teacher are educational competence, skill for technological commercialization, capability in globalization, expertise in future strategies, and counselor competence. In addition to these competencies, teachers also need to have skills and friendliness with technology, collaboration, creative and taking risks, having a good sense of humor, and teaching as a whole (holistic). The open learning platform is one way to be considered by the school and teacher in deciding how education and learning are held.
From factorization to its breaking in diffractive dijet production
Creators: name: Klasen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When comparing recent experimental data from the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations at HERA for diffractive dijet production in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) and photoproduction with next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD predictions using diffractive parton densities, good agreement is found for DIS. However, the dijet photoproduction data are overestimated by the NLO theory, showing that factorization breaking occurs at this order. While this is expected theoretically for resolved photoproduction, the fact that the data are better described by a global suppression of direct and resolved contribution by about a factor of two comes as a surprise. We therefore discuss in some detail the factorization scheme and scale dependence between direct and resolved contributions and propose a new factorization scheme for diffractive dijet photoproduction.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, to be published in the proceedings of Ringberg workshop on ``New Trends in HERA Physics 2005''
Bypass to Turbulence in Hydrodynamic Accretion: Lagrangian Analysis of Energy Growth
Creators: name: Afshordi, Niayesh
name: Mukhopadhyay, Banibrata
name: Narayan, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite observational evidence for cold neutral astrophysical accretion disks, the viscous process which may drive the accretion in such systems is not yet understood. While molecular viscosity is too small to explain the observed accretion efficiencies by more than ten orders of magnitude, the absence of any linear instability in Keplerian accretion flows is often used to rule out the possibility of turbulent viscosity. Recently, the fact that some fine tuned disturbances of any inviscid shear flow can reach arbitrarily large transient growth has been proposed as an alternative route to turbulence in these systems. We present an analytic study of this process for 3D plane wave disturbances of a general rotating shear flow in Lagrangian coordinates, and demonstrate that large transient growth is the generic feature of non-axisymmetric disturbances with near radial leading wave vectors. The maximum energy growth is slower than quadratic, but faster than linear in time. The fastest growth occurs for two dimensional perturbations, and is only limited by viscosity, and ultimately by the disk vertical thickness. After including viscosity and vertical structure, we find that, as a function of the Reynolds number, R, the maximum energy growth is approximately 0.4 (R/log R)^{2/3}, and put forth a heuristic argument for why R > 10^4 is required to sustain turbulence in Keplerian disks. Therefore, assuming that there exists a non-linear feedback process to replenish the seeds for transient growth, astrophysical accretion disks must be well within the turbulent regime. However, large 3D numerical simulations running for many orbital times, and/or with fine tuned initial conditions, are required to confirm Keplerian hydrodynamic turbulence on the computer.
description: 25 preprint pages, 2 figures, some modifications mainly to the Discussions section, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Increasing Protection of GIS at the WTO: Clawbacks, Greenfields and Monopoly Rents
Creators: name: Yeung, May T.
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Yeung, May T.
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Development
International Relations/Trade

description: Currently there are proposals and negotiations regarding the strengthening of protection for geographic indicators (GIs) in the WTO. A major proponent of stronger protection for GIs has been the European Union. One of the arguments it has put forward for stronger protection has been that it will provide an avenue for economic development for agricultural producers in developing countries – a way to capture rents in the markets of developed countries. This paper first outlines the proposed changes to the international protection of geographic indicators. Second, the potential for groups of producers to generate and capture rents in foreign markets is assessed under differing assumptions pertaining to industry structure, product differentiation in the short and long run, barriers to entry reputation and the form of legal protection in importing countries. A discussion of the resource requirements to establish and maintain a GI is also provided.
New closed expression of the interaction kernel in the Bethe-Salpeter equation for quark-antiquark bound states
Creators: name: Su, Jun-Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction kernel in the Bethe-Salpeter equation for quark-antiquark bound states is derived newly from QCD in the case where the quark and the antiquark are of different flavors. The technique of the derivation is the usage of the irreducible decomposition of the Green's functions involved in the Bethe-Salpeter equation satisfied by the quark-antiquark four-point Green's function. The interaction kernel derived is given a closed and explicit expression which shows a specific structure of the kernel since the kernel is represented in terms of the quark, antiquark and gluon propagators and some kinds of quark, antiquark and/or gluon three, four, five and six-point vertices. Therefore, the expression of the kernel is not only convenient for perturbative calculations, but also suitable for nonperturbative investigations.
Nutrient Best Management Practice Insurance and Farmer Perceptions of Adoption Risk
Creators: name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Mitchell, Paul D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: adoption indifference curves
subject: crop insurance
subject: fertilizer
subject: green insurance

description: This paper explores the effect farmer perceptions concerning how best management practice (BMP) adoption changes the profit distribution have on BMP adoption incentives and the potential for insurance to increase these incentives. Adoption indifference curves illustrate the effect of farmer perceptions on BMP adoption incentives and the potential for insurance to expand the set of perceptions consistent with adoption. Empirical analysis quantifies these conceptual results for nutrient BMP insurance, a new policy available to corn farmers as part of a USDA-Risk Management Agency pilot program in four states. Results indicate that nutrient BMP insurance can have economically relevant effects on farmer adoption incentives.
极化对溃疡性结肠炎的治疗效果 / M2 macrophages mediated by intestinal microbiota
Creators: name: Liu, Leilei
name: Sun, Yike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420803
subject: Traditional Chinese medicine and treatments

description: 将C57BL/6J小鼠分为BLANK、MODEL、5-ASA和LLD四组。采用疾病活动指数（DAI）和结肠组织组织病理学评分评估LLD对UC的治疗效果。采用16S rDNA扩增子测序评估每组小鼠肠道菌群的组成和相对丰度。采用LC-MS分析检测肠道代谢产物和差异代谢途径。采用免疫荧光染色检测肠道活性氧（ROS）水平和M1/M2巨噬细胞极化态，旨在分析LLD治疗UC的潜在机制。
The Determinants of Farmland Values in Canada
Creators: name: Weerahewa, Jeevika
name: Meilke, Karl D.
name: Vyn, Richard J.
name: Haq, Zahoor Ul
name: Weerahewa, Jeevika
name: Meilke, Karl D.
name: Vyn, Richard J.
name: Haq, Zahoor Ul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: land values
subject: Canada

description: This study has examined the determinants of farmland values in Canada. The empirical results for the period 1959-2004 show that farmland values seem to be disconnected from adjusted earnings per acre regardless of model specification. Differences in model specification can change the interpretation of the importance of government payments in influencing farm land values. If a time trend is included in the land value function government payments appear to have no effect on land values; when the time trend is removed they have a statistically significant positive effect on land values. With respect to the other explanatory variables, the higher the population density, the higher farmland values, indicating that urbanization increases farmland values. Furthermore, increases in real interest rates lower farmland value as the capitalization formula suggests.
dm_control: Software and Tasks for Continuous Control
Creators: name: Tassa, Yuval
name: Tunyasuvunakool, Saran
name: Muldal, Alistair
name: Doron, Yotam
name: Trochim, Piotr
name: Liu, Siqi
name: Bohez, Steven
name: Merel, Josh
name: Erez, Tom
name: Lillicrap, Timothy
name: Heess, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The dm_control software package is a collection of Python libraries and task suites for reinforcement learning agents in an articulated-body simulation. A MuJoCo wrapper provides convenient bindings to functions and data structures. The PyMJCF and Composer libraries enable procedural model manipulation and task authoring. The Control Suite is a fixed set of tasks with standardised structure, intended to serve as performance benchmarks. The Locomotion framework provides high-level abstractions and examples of locomotion tasks. A set of configurable manipulation tasks with a robot arm and snap-together bricks is also included. dm_control is publicly available at https://www.github.com/deepmind/dm_control
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1801.00690
Hierarchical Adaptive Contextual Bandits for Resource Constraint based Recommendation
Creators: name: Yang, Mengyue
name: Li, Qingyang
name: Qin, Zhiwei
name: Ye, Jieping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contextual multi-armed bandit (MAB) achieves cutting-edge performance on a variety of problems. When it comes to real-world scenarios such as recommendation system and online advertising, however, it is essential to consider the resource consumption of exploration. In practice, there is typically non-zero cost associated with executing a recommendation (arm) in the environment, and hence, the policy should be learned with a fixed exploration cost constraint. It is challenging to learn a global optimal policy directly, since it is a NP-hard problem and significantly complicates the exploration and exploitation trade-off of bandit algorithms. Existing approaches focus on solving the problems by adopting the greedy policy which estimates the expected rewards and costs and uses a greedy selection based on each arm's expected reward/cost ratio using historical observation until the exploration resource is exhausted. However, existing methods are hard to extend to infinite time horizon, since the learning process will be terminated when there is no more resource. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical adaptive contextual bandit method (HATCH) to conduct the policy learning of contextual bandits with a budget constraint. HATCH adopts an adaptive method to allocate the exploration resource based on the remaining resource/time and the estimation of reward distribution among different user contexts. In addition, we utilize full of contextual feature information to find the best personalized recommendation. Finally, in order to prove the theoretical guarantee, we present a regret bound analysis and prove that HATCH achieves a regret bound as low as $O(\sqrt{T})$. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method on both synthetic data sets and the real-world applications.
description: Accepted for publication at WWW (The Web Conference) 2020
Alfalfa Hay Quality and Alternative Pricing Systems
Creators: name: Hopper, Jared A.
name: Peterson, Hikaru Hanawa
name: Burton, Robert O.
name: Hopper, Jared A.
name: Peterson, Hikaru Hanawa
name: Burton, Robert O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: aggregate index
subject: alfalfa
subject: auction data
subject: hedonic pricing models
subject: quality

description: Price-quality relationships for alfalfa hay were analyzed by hedonic pricing models using 1996-2001 Wisconsin auction data. Individual nutrients included in the analysis all affected alfalfa price, with acid detergent fiber accounting for the largest impact. Alternative pricing models, based on an aggregate quality index or detailed quality information, were similar in their ability to predict price. However, disaggregating price predictions to account for differences in relative feed value (RFV) and crude protein (CP) indicate that both RFV and CP are important determinants of price and that aggregating the two into a quality index is not warranted.
Future Preventive Gene Therapy of Polygenic Diseases from a Population Genetics Perspective
Creators: name: Oliynyk, Roman Teo
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: Medicine

description: Abstract: With the accumulation of scientific knowledge of the genetic causes of common diseases and the continuous advancement of gene-editing technologies, gene therapies to prevent polygenic diseases may soon become possible. This research assesses the population genetic consequences of such therapies. This research commenced by quantifying the risk of polygenic late-onset diseases. Computer simulations of population age progression under the assumption that relative disease liability remains proportionate to individual polygenic risk have demonstrated that individuals with higher polygenic risk scores will become ill and be diagnosed proportionately earlier, bringing about a change in the distribution of risk alleles between new cases and the as-yet-unaffected population in every subsequent year of age. Consequently, genome-wide association studies of any polygenic late-onset diseases that display both high cumulative incidence at an older age and high initial familial heritability will show diminishing discovery power when they use progressively older age-matched cohorts. Such studies may benefit from using the youngest possible case cohorts, preferably matched with the oldest possible controls. Using these results as a foundation, computer simulations of preventive gene therapies were performed, emulating editing true causal alleles into naturally occurring neutral states of the nucleotides. The simulations demonstrated that such therapies would lower the prevalence of polygenic early- to middle-age-onset diseases in proportion to the decreased population relative risk attributable to the edited alleles. The outcome manifests differently for polygenic late-onset diseases, for which the therapies would result in delayed disease onset and decreased lifetime risk, however, the lifetime risk would increase again with increasing life expectancy of the population, which is a likely consequence of such therapies. The simulations demonstrated that even if significant heterogeneity in the alleles responsible for polygenic diseases existed between populations, the outcomes of preventive gene therapies would not be impeded. If gene therapies that prevent heritable diseases were applied on a large scale, the decreasing frequency of risk alleles in populations would reduce the disease risk or delay the age of onset, even if only a fraction of the population received such therapies. With ongoing population admixture, all groups would benefit over generations.
Multiple-bias sensitivity analysis using bounds
Creators: name: Smith, Louisa H.
name: Mathur, Maya B.
name: VanderWeele, Tyler J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unmeasured confounding, selection bias, and measurement error are well-known sources of bias in epidemiologic research. Methods for assessing these biases have their own limitations. Many quantitative sensitivity analysis approaches consider each type of bias individually, while more complex approaches are harder to implement or require numerous assumptions. By failing to consider multiple biases at once, researchers can underestimate -- or overestimate -- their joint impact. We show that it is possible to bound the total composite bias due to these three sources, and to use that bound to assess the sensitivity of a risk ratio to any combination of these biases. We derive bounds for the total composite bias under a variety of scenarios, providing researchers with tools to assess their total potential impact. We apply this technique to a study where unmeasured confounding and selection bias are both concerns, and to another study in which possible differential exposure misclassification and unmeasured confounding are concerns. We also show that a "multi-bias E-value" can describe the minimal strength of joint bias-parameter association necessary for an observed risk ratio to be compatible with a null causal effect (or with other pre-specified effect sizes). This may provide intuition about the relative impacts of each type of bias. The approach we describe is easy to implement with minimal assumptions, and we provide R functions to do so.
description: 23 pages (main text); 19 pages (appendix)
ORCID: instructivo
Creators: name: Vazano, Irene Noé
name: Ación, Laura
name: Míguez, María Paz
name: Nanton, María Cristina
name: Black, Melissa
name: Buede, Julián
name: López, Sabrina
name: Loto, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ciencia Abierta
Comunidad
Teaching
Latin America
Enseñanza
Clases virtuales
Pedagogía
Programación
Docencia
Cursos

description: Instructivo basado en la experiencia de MetaDocencia para las organizaciones que necesiten utilizar la plataforma ORCID para cumplir sus objetivos.
Food Safety Incidents, Collateral Damage and Trade Policy Responses: China-Canada Agri-Food Trade
Creators: name: Liu, Huanan
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
name: Kerr, William A.
name: Liu, Huanan
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Canada
subject: China
subject: cooperation
subject: food safety
subject: market failure
subject: trade policy

description: As markets become globalized, food safety policy and international trade policy are increasingly intertwined. Globalization also means that food safety incidents are widely reported internationally. One result is that food safety incidents can negatively impact products where no food safety issue exists as consumers lose trust in both foreign and domestic food safety institutions. While the policy framework for dealing with directly effected imported foods is well understood, how to deal with the market failure associated with indirectly affected products within the existing trade policy rules has not been explored. Using the example of China’s 2007 problems with a spate of products safety incidents, a theoretical framework is developed and the response of both the Chinese and Canadian governments analyzed. A cooperative approach to the issues appears to have a number of advantages and does not contravene trade policy commitments.
Resolution of the GL(3) - O(3) state labelling problem via O(3)-invariant Bethe subalgebra of the twisted Yangian
Creators: name: Jarvis, P. D.
name: Zhang, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The labelling of states of irreducible representations of GL(3) in an O(3) basis is well known to require the addition of a single O(3)-invariant operator, to the standard diagonalisable set of Casimir operators in the subgroup chain GL(3) - O(3) - O(2). Moreover, this `missing label' operator must be a function of the two independent cubic and quartic invariants which can be constructed in terms of the angular momentum vector and the quadrupole tensor. It is pointed out that there is a unique (in a well-defined sense) combination of these which belongs to the O(3) invariant Bethe subalgebra of the twisted Yangian Y(GL(3);O(3)) in the enveloping algebra of GL(3).
description: 7 pages, LaTeX
Disease Outbreaks and Agricultural Trade: The Case of Potatoes
Creators: name: Clark, J. Stephen
name: Thibodeau, David R.
name: Grant, K. Gary
name: Prochazkova, Katerina
name: Clark, J. Stephen
name: Thibodeau, David R.
name: Grant, K. Gary
name: Prochazkova, Katerina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: disease
subject: trade
subject: potatoes
subject: Canada
subject: food
subject: safety

description: This study analyzed the impact of PVYn and potato wart disease outbreaks in PEI on the potato industry. These disease outbreaks resulted in the loss of the US seed export market to PEI producers. The effects of the disease outbreaks were mitigated through value-added processing. Price premiums for processed potatoes allowed PEI potato producers to abandon seed exports without incurring losses. Evidence is presented to suggest that other countries have also used this approach when export restrictions were placed on domestic agricultural industries. Policy response to the two disease outbreaks include: i) development of a zones policy that helped to reopen markets into the US; and ii) financial compensation to producers above the minimum levels required under the Seeds Act and Regulations. Implementation of the zones policy had beneficial impacts on the potato industry and is mirrored in other disease outbreaks. In contrast, compensation above minimum requirements may set a costly precedent for future disease outbreaks and may have caused moral hazard problems.
Les travaux de l´École Biblique de Saint-Étienne durant l´année scolaire 1911-1912
Creators: name: Abel, F.-M.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 10 (1912): Oriens christianus, Band 10
Is There a Link between the Changing Skills of Labor Used in U.S. Processed Food Trade and Rural Employment?
Creators: name: Schluter, Gerald E.
name: Lee, Chinkook
name: Schluter, Gerald E.
name: Lee, Chinkook
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: consolidation in the meat industry
subject: factor content of trade
subject: input-output analysis
subject: international meat trade
subject: processed food trade
subject: rural development
subject: rural labor demand
subject: skill intensity

description: Between the 1970s and the 1990s, processed food exports switched from using more skilled labor per unit of output than imports to the opposite. Processed food trade also expanded during this period. More meat and poultry products in processed food trade could explain this switch in skill intensity. Growing meat trade paralleled an urban-to-rural shift in meat processing. Although this could have been a win-win situation for rural areas, many of the jobs related to expanded meat trade benefited commuter and migrant workers because late-1990s jobs slaughtering livestock and processing meat did not appeal to domestic rural workers.
Multifrequency Strategies for the Identification of Gamma-Ray Sources
Creators: name: Mukherjee, R.
name: Halpern, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than half the sources in the Third EGRET (3EG) catalog have no firmly established counterparts at other wavelengths and are unidentified. Some of these unidentified sources have remained a mystery since the first surveys of the gamma-ray sky with the COS-B satellite. The unidentified sources generally have large error circles, and finding counterparts has often been a challenging job. A multiwavelength approach, using X-ray, optical, and radio data, is often needed to understand the nature of these sources. This chapter reviews the technique of identification of EGRET sources using multiwavelength studies of the gamma-ray fields.
description: 35 pages, 22 figures. Chapter prepared for the book "Cosmic Gamma-ray Sources", edited by K.S. Cheng and G.E. Romero, to be published by Kluwer Academic Press, 2004. For complete article and higher resolution figures, go to: http://www.astro.columbia.edu/~muk/mukherjee_multiwave.pdf
“Bright spots” in Uzbekistan, reversing land and water degradation while improving livelihoods: Key developments and sustaining ingredients for transition economies of the former Soviet Union
Creators: name: Noble, Andrew D.
name: Ul Hassan, Mehmood
name: Kazbekov, Jusipbek
name: Noble, Andrew D.
name: Ul Hassan, Mehmood
name: Kazbekov, Jusipbek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Irrigated farming
subject: Water quality
subject: Drainage
subject: Soil fertility
subject: Crop yield
subject: Investment

description: Following the dissolution of the former Soviet Union and the collapse of existing trade arrangements, the newly independent states of Central Asia were left with the task of developing their own independent market economies. The region has undergone tremendous economic and social changes including significant agricultural reform mainly targeted at privatizing large collective farms that were established during the Soviet era. These reforms include the establishment of smaller private and cooperative farms in order to improve the efficiency and equity of existing production systems. Within Uzbekistan, this move to privatize farms has, in the majority of cases, led to declining productivity and net incomes. However, there have been instances where privatized farms and smaller collectives have been able to capitalize on these changes and perform at levels exceeding the norm. This Report identifies the key attributes of these successful farms that have been termed ''bright'' spots.
Transport properties of diluted magnetic semiconductors: Dynamical mean field theory and Boltzmann theory
Creators: name: Hwang, E. H.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport properties of diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) are calculated using dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) and Boltzmann transport theory. Within DMFT we study the density of states and the dc-resistivity, which are strongly parameter dependent such as temperature, doping, density of the carriers, and the strength of the carrier-local impurity spin exchange coupling. Characteristic qualitative features are found distinguishing weak, intermediate, and strong carrier-spin coupling and allowing quantitative determination of important parameters defining the underlying ferromagnetic mechanism. We find that spin-disorder scattering, formation of bound state, and the population of the minority spin band are all operational in DMFT in different parameter range. We also develop a complementary Boltzmann transport theory for scattering by screened ionized impurities. The difference in the screening properties between paramagnetic ($T>T_c$) and ferromagnetic ($T
description: 15 pages, 15 figures
ETHOS -- An effective parametrization and classification for structure formation: the non-linear regime at $z\gtrsim5$
Creators: name: Bohr, Sebastian
name: Zavala, Jesús
name: Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Bringmann, Torsten
name: Pfrommer, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose two effective parameters that fully characterise galactic-scale structure formation at high redshifts ($z\gtrsim5$) for a variety of dark matter (DM) models that have a primordial cutoff in the matter power spectrum. Our description is within the recently proposed ETHOS framework and includes standard thermal Warm DM (WDM) and models with dark acoustic oscillations (DAOs). To define and explore this parameter space, we use high-redshift zoom-in simulations that cover a wide range of non-linear scales from those where DM should behave as CDM ($k\sim10\,h\,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$), down to those characterised by the onset of galaxy formation ($k\sim500\,h\,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$). We show that the two physically motivated parameters $h_{\rm peak}$ and $k_{\rm peak}$, the amplitude and scale of the first DAO peak, respectively, are sufficient to parametrize the linear matter power spectrum and classify the DM models as belonging to effective non-linear structure formation regions. These are defined by their relative departure from Cold DM ($k_{\rm peak}\rightarrow\infty$) and WDM ($h_{\rm peak}=0$) according to the non-linear matter power spectrum and halo mass function. We identify a region where the DAOs still leave a distinct signature from WDM down to $z=5$, while a large part of the DAO parameter space is shown to be degenerate with WDM. Our framework can then be used to seamlessly connect a broad class of particle DM models to their structure formation properties at high redshift without the need of additional $N$-body simulations.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures; Updated version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Evaluation of maternal immune activation with post-weaning social isolation as a potential rat model for schizophrenia
Creators: name: Goh, Jen Yin
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Schizophrenia is a disabling mental disorder whose risk factors are diverse, cause is unclear and symptoms remain poorly treated. This thesis examines the utility of a ‘dual-hit’ approach in developing a novel, improved animal model for schizophrenia. Successful generation of a superior animal model could facilitate our understanding of the causes of schizophrenia, and aid development of new treatments. This thesis also investigates gene expression changes in the brain using a pre-existing animal model for schizophrenia. This can provide insight into whether the animal model is suitable for use in schizophrenia research.