cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Review of Factors Influencing Participation in Physical Activities and Use of a Dance Simulation Video Game Among a Cohort of 7-8 Year Old North Carolinian Children
Creators: name: Paez, Sadye
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The epidemic of pediatric obesity stems from multiple factors, including decreased participation in physical activities. Despite national health agendas and prevention goals for recommended amounts of physical activity, few North Carolinian youth meet these requirements. A number of reviews examining obesity prevention programs have also investigated the initial and sustained effort in physical activity and have found that opportunities for fun, economical and easily accessible modes of physical activity are limited, particularly in the home environment. Dance Dance Revolution (DDR) is a popular dance simulation video game. Numerous subjective reports indicate that DDR is a viable option for addressing concerns of pediatric obesity through promotion of physical activity. However, objective evidence for DDR is limited, particularly in determining how to most effectively promote DDR. Using an adaptation of the Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation planning model, this dissertation focused on the potential role of various constructs to promote participation in general physical activity and DDR for 7-8 year old North Carolinian children. The first manuscript describes associations between predisposing factors of children's prior exposure to physical activity and self perception in physical competence with participation in physical activity and DDR. The second manuscript presents associations between general parental support (i.e., participation, encouragement, enjoyment, and transportation) and DDR-specific environmental support (i.e., size of television, other videogames, and DDR participation by others) as reinforcing factors for participation in physical activity and DDR. The third manuscript describes the development of a motor learning-based DDR coaching protocol and the association between this enabling factor with participation in physical activity and DDR. The combined results of these manuscripts indicate that first, previous physical activity exposure influences participation in vigorous physical activity, and second, that presence of other videogames and DDR participation of others influences participation in DDR. None of the other factors significantly influenced participation in moderate or vigorous physical activity or DDR. These findings warrant further investigation to understand the role of potential constructs that may act to influence initial and sustained participation in physical activity and DDR.
Toward Actionable Computational Models of Piano Fingering
Creators: name: Randolph, David Alan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Determining an optimal sequence of fingerings to use to perform a piece of music is a fundamental skill for accomplished pianists. This work contributes to efforts to model the piano fingering problem computationally and to produce computational systems to help advancing pianists arrive at actionable fingering solutions more quickly than is possible with printed scores. It begins by clarifying the range of sub-problems that exist in the domain and attempts to address the dearth of data available for training and evaluation purposes. A novel software module is described that can be embedded in web pages to make it easy for pianists to finger electronic scores manually. It proceeds to describe a novel hardware/software solution that can capture fingering choices automatically from actual performances. With this tooling, several new data sets for use in the domain are collected and leveraged to train machine learning models. Specifically, conditional random fields are applied to the piano fingering problem for the first time. The merits of these systems are compared to recently published hidden Markov and deep learning models. Given the acceptance of “multiple ground truths” in the domain, a computer system promising truly actionable piano fingering advice must ultimately function like a recommender system. An evaluation method for piano fingering systems based on expected reciprocal rank, a method suggested for web search, is therefore presented here. Finally, next steps are charted for the domain, urging smaller steps in which individual pianists are modeled using data collected automatically and evaluated with simpler metrics. When a diverse set of pianists have been well modeled, the components will be in hand to develop useful recommender systems in the piano fingering domain.
On the Adjoint Operator in Photoacoustic Tomography
Creators: name: Arridge, Simon R.
name: Betcke, Marta M.
name: Cox, Ben T.
name: Lucka, Felix
name: Treeby, Brad E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Photoacoustic Tomography (PAT) is an emerging biomedical "imaging from coupled physics" technique, in which the image contrast is due to optical absorption, but the information is carried to the surface of the tissue as ultrasound pulses. Many algorithms and formulae for PAT image reconstruction have been proposed for the case when a complete data set is available. In many practical imaging scenarios, however, it is not possible to obtain the full data, or the data may be sub-sampled for faster data acquisition. In such cases, image reconstruction algorithms that can incorporate prior knowledge to ameliorate the loss of data are required. Hence, recently there has been an increased interest in using variational image reconstruction. A crucial ingredient for the application of these techniques is the adjoint of the PAT forward operator, which is described in this article from physical, theoretical and numerical perspectives. First, a simple mathematical derivation of the adjoint of the PAT forward operator in the continuous framework is presented. Then, an efficient numerical implementation of the adjoint using a k-space time domain wave propagation model is described and illustrated in the context of variational PAT image reconstruction, on both 2D and 3D examples including inhomogeneous sound speed. The principal advantage of this analytical adjoint over an algebraic adjoint (obtained by taking the direct adjoint of the particular numerical forward scheme used) is that it can be implemented using currently available fast wave propagation solvers.
description: submitted to "Inverse Problems"
THE CHALLENGE OF COMMUNITY COLLEGE STUDENT ACADEMIC MOTIVATION: THE GO FOR GROWTH! INTERVENTION
Creators: name: Wright, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The community college student population has been found to be less academically prepared than their four-year counterparts.  This relatively at-risk group is argued to struggle with academic motivation in the college setting.  Researchers studying student implicit theories of intelligence have found that students who struggle in academia may do so because of maladaptive beliefs about the nature of their own intelligence.  Students who struggle tend to believe their intelligence is stable (i.e. have a “fixed” mindset) whereas students who see their intelligence as malleable (i.e. have a “growth” mindset) have been found to have more adaptive behaviors that are more conducive to learning. Students’ goals in the academic context are important, as students with “mastery” orientations (who set goals for learning) had greater persistence and success than students with “performance” orientations (who set goals for showing learning or not showing a lack of learning). The present study was designed to assess whether an intervention targeting community college students’ implicit theories of intelligence was effective in a large southeastern community college at increasing students’ academic success, level of growth mindset, and level of mastery goal orientation.  Results following implementation of the Go for Growth! intervention suggested that instructors found the intervention easy and worthwhile to implement and found some indications that students receiving the intervention have greater academic success in the course containing intervention, although the theory suggesting that this occurs through improving levels of growth mindset and mastery orientation was not supported.  It was also noted that instructors had a significant influence on their student’s grades, which might indicate that the intervention may also have impacted the perceptions of the instructors regarding student grades.
Torsion exceptional sheaves on weak del Pezzo surfaces of Type A
Creators: name: Cao, Pu
name: Jiang, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate torsion exceptional sheaves on a weak del Pezzo surface of degree greater than two whose anticanonical model has at most $A_n$-singularities. We show that every torsion exceptional sheaf can be obtained from a line bundle on a $(-1)$-curve by acting spherical twist functors successively.
description: 22 pages. Comments are welcome; v2: typos and statements in section 3 are corrected, other sections remains unchanged; v3: final version, to appear in J. Algebra
Quantitative Morphological Optimization of Bicontinuous Pickering Emulsions via Interfacial Curvatures
Creators: name: Reeves, M.
name: Thijssen, J. H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bicontinuous Pickering emulsions (bijels) are a physically interesting class of soft materials with many potential applications including catalysis, microfluidics and tissue engineering. They are created by arresting the spinodal decomposition of a partially-miscible liquid with a (jammed) layer of interfacial colloids. Porosity $L$ (average interfacial separation) of the bijel is controlled by varying the radius ($r$) and volume fraction ($ϕ$) of the colloids ($L \propto r/ϕ$). However, to optimize the bijel structure with respect to other parameters, e.g. quench rate, characterizing by $L$ alone is insufficient. Hence, we have used confocal microscopy and X-ray CT to characterize a range of bijels in terms of local and area-averaged interfacial curvatures. In addition, the curvatures of bijels have been monitored as a function of time, which has revealed an intriguing evolution up to 60 minutes after bijel formation, contrary to previous understanding.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures plus Supplementary Information of 6 pages, 1 table, 4 figures
The Only Crucial Clocks: Secular Time in the Contemporary American Novel
Creators: name: Dill, Scott
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: American literature

description: In recent years, academic research has witnessed a resurgence of interest in the causes and effects of secularization. What makes a society secular? Who gets to define what is secular about secular values? While questions like these are being debated across the social sciences and humanities, the critical literature has yet to register how formal innovations in the contemporary novel think about secular values. How is the novel, one of secular modernity's most enduring cultural forms, addressing the experience of secular culture today? This dissertation argues that novels by Thomas Pynchon, Don DeLillo, David Foster Wallace, and Zadie Smith use the form and structure of the novel to explore the ethical values implied by a specifically secular concept of time. In their work, secular time is measured by the irreducible singularity of human experience, thus imbuing both figures of time and human experience with intrinsic cultural value. Neither magically enchanted nor rationally disenchanted, secular time is unique to the novel genre's ability to tell stories about people, especially long stories. Indeed, secular time in the contemporary novel is no shorter or longer than the time it takes to read a novel. Through its interminable plot structures and its ironic characterization, through its slow descriptions and narrative suspense, the contemporary novel construes its own unique portrayal of human experience as secular culture's only crucial clock.
Magnetic anisotropy in the frustrated spin chain compound $β$-TeVO$_4$
Creators: name: Weickert, F.
name: Jaime, M.
name: Harrison, N.
name: Scott, B. L.
name: Leitmäe, A.
name: Heinmaa, I.
name: Stern, R.
name: Janson, O.
name: Berger, H.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Tsirlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isotropic and anisotropic magnetic behavior of the frustrated spin chain compound $β$-TeVO$_4$ is reported. Three magnetic transitions observed in zero magnetic field are tracked in fields applied along different crystallographic directions using magnetization, heat capacity, and magnetostriction measurements. Qualitatively different temperature-field diagrams are obtained below 10 T for the field applied along $a$ or $b$ and along $c$, respectively. In contrast, a nearly isotropic high-field phase emerges above 18 T and persists up to the saturation that occurs around 22.5 T. Upon cooling in low fields, the transitions at $T_{\rm N1}$ and $T_{\rm N2}$ toward the spin-density-wave and stripe phases are of the second order, whereas the transition at $T_{\rm N3}$ toward the helical state is of the first order and entails a lattice component. Our microscopic analysis identifies frustrated $J_1-J_2$ spin chains with a sizable antiferromagnetic interchain coupling in the $bc$ plane and ferromagnetic couplings along the $a$ direction. The competition between these ferromagnetic interchain couplings and the helical order within the chain underlies the incommensurate order along the $a$-direction, as observed experimentally. Although a helical state is triggered by the competition between $J_1$ and $J_2$ within the chain, the plane of the helix is not uniquely defined because of competing magnetic anisotropies. Using high-resolution synchrotron diffraction and $^{125}$Te nuclear magnetic resonance, we also demonstrate that the crystal structure of $β$-TeVO$_4$ does not change down to 10 K, and the orbital state of V$^{4+}$ is preserved.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables (published version)
A Novel Digital Signal Processing Software Text-To-Speech
Creators: name: Alali, Walid Y
name: CONSTANTINID, A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Control engineering, mechatronics and robotics not elsewhere classified
Process control and simulation
Signal processing
Software engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Abstract. This paper explains the gate of a developed text-to-speech structure technology has been developed for the last decade. It was developed alternatively to a personal cellular terminal and telephone application, and can be used to access on information for the visually impaired. It is very high in clarity also uses a digital synthesizer of the human voice. Prior to the processors, a computational requirements for this compound placed a heavy load on the workstation. This paper used an AlphaModel 600 digital equipment workstation to convert multiple text-to-speech streams at the same time. The RISC processors enables the applications use speech to output freely. This skill has helped the need as a Text-to-Speech API (Application Programming Interface) . We developed API for TTS which is supported at various operating systems and platforms. In this paper specified the API and report of the architecture software of the TTS. Abstract. This paper is a novel digital signal processing software of the advanced conversion of text-to-speech synthesis technology, which has been available as a range of hardware products for more than ten years, to software. It was initially created as a replacement for character cell terminals and telephony applications, but it is now also used to give people who are visually impaired access to information. With a digital formant synthesizer used to mimic the human vocal tract, text-to-speech quality is very high in both understandability and naturalness. The computational requirements of this synthesizer put a tremendous amount of strain on a workstation in the days before extremely fast processors. Multiple text streams were simultaneously converted to speech for this study using a Digital Equipment AlphaModel 600 workstation. Modern RISC processor power enables applications to freely output speech. A text-to-speech application programming interface (API) is now necessary as a result of this capability. The TTS software API we created is compatible with a wide range of hardware and operating systems. The architecture of the TTS software is described in this paper. Additionally, the API is mentioned. Finally, we describe our experience porting the TTS code base from the previous hardware platforms.
title: Miejsce witraży Grażyny Strykowskiej w strukturze architektonicznej kościoła Najświętszej Bogarodzicy Maryi w Poznaniu
Creators: name: Haake, Michał
Publisher: name: Publishing House of Poznan University of Technology
Year: 2022

description: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura wnętrz, 8, 107-118
Conceptions of "Adolescence" across Major Intellectual Domains & Implications for Transformative Education
Creators: name: Stewart, Charlotte R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This paper explores the concept of adolescence and its pertinence to identity, as conceived in several fields, including history, psychology, biology, anthropology, and sociology in an effort to elucidate the origins of adult pre-conceptions about young people at this age. This exploration includes discussion of youth advocacy and the legal & moral perspective on adolescence, which in turn challenge and partake of many of these notions. The thesis posits that educators who recognize and understand their own misconceptions about adolescents will be better able to cooperate with students to ascertain and meet educational needs and wants.
The category of matroids
Creators: name: Heunen, Chris
name: Patta, Vaia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The structure of the category of matroids and strong maps is investigated: it has coproducts and equalizers, but not products or coequalizers; there are functors from the categories of graphs and vector spaces, the latter being faithful; there is a functor to the category of geometric lattices, that is nearly full; there are various adjunctions and free constructions on subcategories, inducing a simplification monad; there are two orthogonal factorization systems; some, but not many, combinatorial constructions from matroid theory are functorial.
description: 31 pages, 10 diagrams, 28 references
A Novel Digital Signal Processing Software Text-To-Speech
Creators: name: Alali, Walid Y
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Control engineering, mechatronics and robotics not elsewhere classified
Process control and simulation
Signal processing
Software engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Abstract. This paper explains the gate of a developed text-to-speech structure technology has been developed for the last decade. It was developed alternatively to a personal cellular terminal and telephone application, and can be used to access on information for the visually impaired. It is very high in clarity also uses a digital synthesizer of the human voice. Prior to the processors, a computational requirements for this compound placed a heavy load on the workstation. This paper used an AlphaModel 600 digital equipment workstation to convert multiple text-to-speech streams at the same time. The RISC processors enables the applications use speech to output freely. This skill has helped the need as a Text-to-Speech API (Application Programming Interface) . We developed API for TTS which is supported at various operating systems and platforms. In this paper specified the API and report of the architecture software of the TTS. Abstract. This paper is a novel digital signal processing software of the advanced conversion of text-to-speech synthesis technology, which has been available as a range of hardware products for more than ten years, to software. It was initially created as a replacement for character cell terminals and telephony applications, but it is now also used to give people who are visually impaired access to information. With a digital formant synthesizer used to mimic the human vocal tract, text-to-speech quality is very high in both understandability and naturalness. The computational requirements of this synthesizer put a tremendous amount of strain on a workstation in the days before extremely fast processors. Multiple text streams were simultaneously converted to speech for this study using a Digital Equipment AlphaModel 600 workstation. Modern RISC processor power enables applications to freely output speech. A text-to-speech application programming interface (API) is now necessary as a result of this capability. The TTS software API we created is compatible with a wide range of hardware and operating systems. The architecture of the TTS software is described in this paper. Additionally, the API is mentioned. Finally, we describe our experience porting the TTS code base from the previous hardware platforms.
Exact Event Horizon of a Black Hole Merger
Creators: name: Emparan, Roberto
name: Martinez, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the event horizon of a binary black hole merger, in the extreme-mass-ratio limit where one of the black holes is much smaller than the other, can be described in an exact analytic way. This is done by tracing in the Schwarzschild geometry a congruence of null geodesics that approaches a null plane at infinity. Its form can be given explicitly in terms of elliptic functions, and we use it to analyze and illustrate the time-evolution of the horizon along the merger. We identify features such as the line of caustics at which light rays enter the horizon, and the critical point at which the horizons touch. We also compute several quantities that characterize these aspects of the merger.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures. v2: Improved perturbative and critical analysis. Ancillary 3D animation of the merger. 24 pages, 18 figures. v3: minor improvements. 25 pages, 18 figures
Bergman subspaces and subkernels: Degenerate $L^p$ mapping and zeroes
Creators: name: Edholm, L. D.
name: McNeal, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32W05, 32A25, 32A36, 11A07, 11P21, 11K60

description: Regularity and irregularity of the Bergman projection on $L^p$ spaces is established on a natural family of bounded, pseudoconvex domains. The family is parameterized by a real variable $γ$. A surprising consequence of the analysis is that, whenever $γ$ is irrational, the Bergman projection is bounded only for $p=2$.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
Potentially semi-stable deformations of specified Hodge-Tate type and Galois type
Creators: name: Moon, Yong Suk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $k$ be a perfect field of characteristic $p > 2$, and let $K$ be a finite totally ramified extension of $W(k)[\frac{1}{p}]$. We prove that the locus of potentially semi-stable $\mathrm{Gal}(\bar{K}/K)$-representations of a given Hodge-Tate type and Galois type is a closed subspace of the universal deformation ring, generalizing the result of Kisin (2007) where $k$ is assumed to be finite.
description: Added a remark in Section 3, more explanation in Section 4. Same final version as published in the journal
A reanalysis of radioisotope measurements of the $^9$Be$(γ,n)^8$Be cross-section
Creators: name: Robinson, Alan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $^9$Be$(γ,n)^8$Be reaction is enhanced by a near threshold $1/2^+$ state. Contradictions between existing measurements of this reaction cross-section affect calculations of astrophysical r-process yields, dark matter detector calibrations, and the theory of the nuclear structure of $^9$Be. Select well-documented radioisotope $^9$Be$(γ,n)$ source yield measurements have been reanalyzed, providing a set of high-accuracy independently measured cross sections. A Breit-Wigner fit of these corrected measurements yields $E_R=1738.8\pm1.9$ keV, $Γ_γ=0.771\pm0.021$ eV, and $Γ_n=268\pm15$ keV for the $1/2^+$ state. A virtual $1/2^+$ state is excluded with 99.3\% confidence.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Expected communication cost of distributed quantum tasks
Creators: name: Anshu, Anurag
name: Garg, Ankit
name: Harrow, Aram
name: Yao, Penghui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central question in classical information theory is that of source compression, which is the task where Alice receives a sample from a known probability distribution and needs to transmit it to the receiver Bob with small error. This problem has a one-shot solution due to Huffman, in which the messages are of variable length and the expected length of the messages matches the asymptotic and i.i.d. compression rate of the Shannon entropy of the source. In this work, we consider a quantum extension of above task, where Alice receives a sample from a known probability distribution and needs to transmit a part of a pure quantum state (that is associated to the sample) to Bob. We allow entanglement assistance in the protocol, so that the communication is possible through classical messages, for example using quantum teleportation. The classical messages can have a variable length and the goal is to minimize their expected length. We provide a characterization of the expected communication cost of this task, by giving a lower bound that is near optimal up to some additive factors. A special case of above task, and the quantum analogue of the source compression problem, is when Alice needs to transmit the whole of her pure quantum state. Here we show that there is no one-shot interactive scheme which matches the asymptotic and i.i.d. compression rate of the von Neumann entropy of the average quantum state. This is a relatively rare case in quantum information theory where the cost of a quantum task is significantly different from its classical analogue. Further, we also exhibit similar results for the fully quantum task of quantum state redistribution, employing some different techniques. We show implications for the one-shot version of the problem of quantum channel simulation.
description: version 3, 54 pages, 4 figures. Added a near optimal bound (up to additive factors) for the expected communication cost of the main task. Section 5 contains the result from arXiv:1506.06380 . Conference version at http://drops.dagstuhl.de/opus/volltexte/2016/6684/
Probing the peripheral immune response in mouse models of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy highlights their limited translatability
Creators: name: Hore, Zoe
name: Denk, Franziska
name: villa-hernandez, sara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology and Infectious Disease
subject: Laboratory and Basic Science Research Life Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Biology
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology

description: Extended figures, tables and documents to support the work conducted in this study, which investigated how the peripheral immune response is altered following both acute and repeated oxaliplatin administration in mouse models of CIPN.
What is the Essence of a Claim? Cross-Domain Claim Identification
Creators: name: Daxenberger, Johannes
name: Eger, Steffen
name: Habernal, Ivan
name: Stab, Christian
name: Gurevych, Iryna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Argument mining has become a popular research area in NLP. It typically includes the identification of argumentative components, e.g. claims, as the central component of an argument. We perform a qualitative analysis across six different datasets and show that these appear to conceptualize claims quite differently. To learn about the consequences of such different conceptualizations of claim for practical applications, we carried out extensive experiments using state-of-the-art feature-rich and deep learning systems, to identify claims in a cross-domain fashion. While the divergent perception of claims in different datasets is indeed harmful to cross-domain classification, we show that there are shared properties on the lexical level as well as system configurations that can help to overcome these gaps.
description: Published at EMNLP 2017: http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/D/D17/D17-1217.pdf
General Bourgin-Yang theorems
Creators: name: Błaszczyk, Zbigniew
name: Marzantowicz, Wacław
name: Singh, Mahender
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55M20, 57S10 (primary), 55N91 (secondary)

description: We describe a unified approach to estimating the dimension of $f^{-1}(A)$ for any $G$-equivariant map $f \colon X \to Y$ and any closed $G$-invariant subset $A\subseteq Y$ in terms of connectivity of $X$ and dimension of $Y$, where $G$ is either a cyclic group of order $p^k$, a $p$-torus ($p$ a prime), or a torus.
description: Final version. Numerous minor improvements throughout the text to improve readability. 19 pages, no figures
$π$ Spin Berry Phase in a Quantum-Spin-Hall-Insulator-Based Interferometer: Evidence for the Helical Spin Texture of the Edge States
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Deng, Wei-Yin
name: Hou, Jing-Min
name: Shi, D. N.
name: Sheng, L.
name: Xing, D. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin Hall insulator is characterized by the helical edge states, with the spin polarization of electron being locked to its direction of motion. Although the edge-state conduction has been observed, unambiguous evidence of the helical spin texture is still lacking. Here, we investigate the coherent edge-state transport in an interference loop pinched by two point contacts. Due to the helical character, the forward inter-edge scattering enforces a $π$ spin rotation. Two successive processes can only produce a nontrivial $2π$ or trivial $0$ spin rotation, which can be controlled by the Rashba spin-orbit coupling. The nontrivial spin rotation results in a geometric $π$ Berry phase, which can be detected by a $π$ phase shift of the conductance oscillation relative to the trivial case. Our results provide a smoking gun evidence for the helical spin texture of the edge states. Moreover, it also provides the opportunity to all-electrically explore the trajectory-dependent spin Berry phase in condensed matter.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, version to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
An investigation into the relationship between climate change anxiety and attitudes towards climate actions
Creators: name: Boland, Heather
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The two chapters of this thesis are separate; therefore, shortened abstracts are presented here as an overview of each chapter. Expanded abstracts are presented in the main body of the thesis for each chapter. Literature review Effective interpersonal coordination between people is an essential part of social interaction. This review explored the literature that investigated the interaction between self-reported emotional experiences and Joint Action tasks, that is, tasks that require collaboration between individuals. Eleven papers were reviewed. Empathy was the most observed interpersonal, and emotional experience in the reviewed papers. Affect, anxiety, and romantic emotions were also observed. The systematic review found that participants with higher empathic traits were more likely to co-represent another person’s actions during a task, leading to task interference. Empirical report Climate change and its impact on our lives are causing worry and anxiety globally. To investigate climate anxiety in a local UK population, over 1000 participants completed a questionnaire that explored three research questions 1) how anxious were the local population about climate change? 2) what expectations does this population have of themselves and others with regard to climate actions, and 3) what attitudes does the population hold around the rewilding of private and public spaces as a climate action? This population reported lower levels of climate anxiety than other populations. Interactions between the age and gender of participants influenced reports of climate anxiety and attitudes towards engagement in climate actions such as rewilding.
Informal Institutions and Elite Corruption in Young Democracies
Creators: name: Smoler, Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Over the last century the world has seen several waves of democratization in the developing world. Despite expectations, the quality of these democracies has in many cases disappointed citizens and political onlookers alike. Rather than resulting in accountable and responsive governance, many countries still report high levels of corruption, lowering voters’ trust and satisfaction with democracy. Research has sought to explain why democratic success or backsliding varies across countries, but has focused largely on formal institutions and their ability to constrain behavior, neglecting the role of informal rules and norms in influencing elite corruption in the long term. I argue that the quality of democratic governance following transition depends on the legacy of authoritarian-era informal institutions. When ex-authoritarian elites assume positions of power under democracy, they reproduce the informal rules and norms that structured their past behavior. To the extent that these rules and norms support democracy, elites will pursue accountable governing practices. More often, however, authoritarian-era informal institutions are incompatible with democratic principles and will encourage elites to engage in corrupt, non-accountable behavior. I test my argument using a cross-sectional time series, focusing on young democracies in Europe, Latin America, and Africa. I find that informal institutions are an essential component in explaining quality of governance in young democracies.
The nonnegative rank of a matrix: Hard problems, easy solutions
Creators: name: Shitov, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using elementary linear algebra, we develop a technique that leads to solutions of two widely known problems on nonnegative matrices. First, we give a short proof of the result by Vavasis stating that the nonnegative rank of a matrix is NP-hard to compute. This proof is essentially contained in the paper by Jiang and Ravikumar, who discussed this topic in different terms fifteen years before the work of Vavasis. Secondly, we present a solution of the problem of Cohen and Rothblum on rational nonnegative factorizations, which was posed in 1993 and remained open.
description: A union of v1 and 1605.07173v1
Argotario: Computational Argumentation Meets Serious Games
Creators: name: Habernal, Ivan
name: Hannemann, Raffael
name: Pollak, Christian
name: Klamm, Christopher
name: Pauli, Patrick
name: Gurevych, Iryna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An important skill in critical thinking and argumentation is the ability to spot and recognize fallacies. Fallacious arguments, omnipresent in argumentative discourse, can be deceptive, manipulative, or simply leading to `wrong moves' in a discussion. Despite their importance, argumentation scholars and NLP researchers with focus on argumentation quality have not yet investigated fallacies empirically. The nonexistence of resources dealing with fallacious argumentation calls for scalable approaches to data acquisition and annotation, for which the serious games methodology offers an appealing, yet unexplored, alternative. We present Argotario, a serious game that deals with fallacies in everyday argumentation. Argotario is a multilingual, open-source, platform-independent application with strong educational aspects, accessible at www.argotario.net.
description: EMNLP 2017 demo paper. Source codes: https://github.com/UKPLab/argotario
Phase-dependent fluctuations in intermittent resonance fluorescence
Creators: name: Castro-Beltran, Hector M.
name: Roman-Ancheyta, Ricardo
name: Gutierrez, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron shelving gives rise to bright and dark periods in the resonance fluorescence of a three-level atom. The corresponding incoherent spectrum contains a very narrow inelastic peak on top of a two-level-like spectrum. Using the theories of balanced and conditional homodyne detection we study ensemble averaged phase-dependent fluctuations of intermittent resonance fluorescence. The sharp peak is found only in the spectra of the squeezed quadrature. In balanced homodyne detection that peak is positive, which greatly reduces the squeezing, also seen in its variance. In conditional homodyne detectionCHD, for weak to moderate laser intensity, the peak is negative, enhancing the squeezing, and for strong fields the sidebands become dispersive which, together with the positive sharp peak dominate the spectrum. The latter effect is due to non-negligible third order fluctuations produced by the atom-laser nonlinearity and the increased steady state population of the shelving state. A simple mathematical approach allows us to obtain accurate analytical results.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
The Relationship Between Superintendents' Perceptions About Gifted Education and the Content of Local Academically or Intellectually Gifted Education Plans
Creators: name: Clark, Kaye
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: A public school superintendent, as the chief executive officer in a district, is in a unique position to influence the programs addressing the needs of gifted students in that district. A superintendent’s beliefs could impact program content, resource allocation, and priority status. This study looked at superintendents’ perceptions of the North Carolina Academically or Intellectually Gifted Program Standards. It examined the level of importance each assigned to these standards and related practices and then compared each superintendent’s responses to the practices actually found in his/her district AIG plan. In addition to determining this correlation between perceptions and content, the study hypothesized that superintendents with more connections to gifted education, such as being identified as gifted as a child or holding AIG certification, would have closer matches between their perceptions of gifted education practices and the level of implementation of those practices in local plans. Overall, there was significant dispersion by set and by district, but forty-four percent of respondents achieved a correlational strength considered as moderate to high. The results suggested that superintendents having two or more connections to gifted education were more likely to have higher correlations.
Effect of soil quality and planting material on the root architecture and the root anchorage of young hybrid poplar plantations on waste rock slopes
Creators: name: Babi, Khadija
name: Guittonny, Marie
name: Bussière, Bruno
name: Larocque, Guy R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: On mine waste rock slopes, trees with inadequate root development could be prone to uprooting. The anchorage of trees is mainly determined by the architecture of the root systems that drive their mechanical interactions with the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil quality and of different planting materials on the architecture and resistance to shear stress of root systems of hybrid poplars four years after they were initially planted. The study was conducted in an open-pit-gold mine. A hybrid poplar plantation was established in 2013 on 33% soil-covered waste rock slopes, using a randomised complete block design, that is, 3 replicated blocks × 3 planting materials × 2 soil qualities. The stability of the hybrid poplars (resistance to uprooting) was evaluated using lateral traction tests. Complete excavations were performed to characterise their coarse root (>4 mm) architecture. Results showed no significant differences between treatments in terms of the maximum resistance force to uprooting, which varied between 7142 and 8989 N. After four growing seasons, no significant effects due to soil quality or planting material were observed in the number of lateral roots, mean root diameter, root biomass, aboveground biomass, and shoot/root ratio.
Three Intraoral Radiographic Receptor-Positioning Systems: A Comparative Study
Creators: name: Tang, Qun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This study compared the number and types of radiographic technique errors when photostimulable phosphor sensors were used with XCP[restricted trademark] (Standard), XCP-ORA[TM] (Modified), and XCP[registered trademark]/JADRAD[TM] (Standard/Shield) devices. A randomized block design was used to assign senior dental hygiene students (n=29) into groups with alternating sequences of systems used. A clinical survey regarding use of each system and a post study survey comparing the systems were administrated upon each full mouth series exposure and completion of all tested systems respectively. Images were assessed by a calibrated evaluator (ICC=0.87) for technique errors based on standard guidelines. Quantitative data were analyzed using ANOVA. The mean percent (sd) of any technique error for the Standard, Modified, and Standard/Shield system was 18.4(8.1), 17.5(7.2), and 15.4(6.6) respectively (p=0.43). No statistical difference in technique errors was found among the systems. Error types varied per device. Half of the subjects who used all three systems preferred the XCP-ORA[TM].
The Argument Reasoning Comprehension Task: Identification and Reconstruction of Implicit Warrants
Creators: name: Habernal, Ivan
name: Wachsmuth, Henning
name: Gurevych, Iryna
name: Stein, Benno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reasoning is a crucial part of natural language argumentation. To comprehend an argument, one must analyze its warrant, which explains why its claim follows from its premises. As arguments are highly contextualized, warrants are usually presupposed and left implicit. Thus, the comprehension does not only require language understanding and logic skills, but also depends on common sense. In this paper we develop a methodology for reconstructing warrants systematically. We operationalize it in a scalable crowdsourcing process, resulting in a freely licensed dataset with warrants for 2k authentic arguments from news comments. On this basis, we present a new challenging task, the argument reasoning comprehension task. Given an argument with a claim and a premise, the goal is to choose the correct implicit warrant from two options. Both warrants are plausible and lexically close, but lead to contradicting claims. A solution to this task will define a substantial step towards automatic warrant reconstruction. However, experiments with several neural attention and language models reveal that current approaches do not suffice.
description: Accepted as NAACL 2018 Long Paper; see details on the front page
A Historical Archaeology of Catawba Itinerancy
Creators: name: Plane, Mark Russell
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: During the late eighteenth century, Catawba Indians in South Carolina experienced dramatic population loss, a shifting colonial economy, and a rapid influx of European settlers into their territory. Although Catawbas had long been clients and allies of the colonial government, with the end of the deerskin trade and their role in colonial-era warfare they were forced to seek new survival strategies. Sometime in the 1760s, Catawbas began leasing reservation land to Anglo settlers and working as itinerant potters and slave catchers. Traveling seasonally from their backcountry home to the seaboard, Catawbas marketed their goods and services in towns and on plantations across South Carolina for over seventy years. This study provides anthropological perspectives on Catawba itinerancy, examining the socio-economics of itinerancy and the Catawba's relationships with their host society, especially their use of patron-client relationships to maintain their land base. Archaeological perspectives include evidence of the impact of itinerancy on Catawba economy, architecture, and material culture, particularly material remains related to identity construction. While European observers tended to view itinerant Catawbas on their home base in terms of negative stereotypes such as indolence and poverty, when traveling, Catawbas were viewed in terms of romantic savagery. Archeological and documentary evidence indicate that itinerancy was a viable economic and political strategy through which Catawbas enjoyed considerable access to consumer goods and to elite planters, whose continued support was critical to maintaining their land base.