Tafaliscinae Desutter 1988
Creators: name: Campos, Lucas Denadai De
name: Dias, Pedro Guilherme Barrios De Souza
name: Audino, Jorge Alves
name: Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure
name: Nihei, Silvio Shigueo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae

description: IDENTIFICATION KEY TO TAFALISCINAE GENERA (ADAPTED FROM CAMPOSET AL.,2020 AND CAMPOS & DESUTTER- GRANDCOLAS, 2020) This key contains all Tafaliscinae genera, except for the following genera, that must be reviewed:Bofana,NessaandStenaphonus. These genera have similar features toAngustitrella,BrazitrypaandTafalisca, respectively and it is not possible to separate them in this key. Simultaneously, it is not possible to synonymize these genera because their types were not examined.NessaandStenaphonusare transferred to Tafaliscinae due to their morphological characteristics, from the original descriptions, and distribution. Both genera require revision. 14. FWs not bearing stridulatory apparatus, sometimes with PCu vein curved and stridulatory teeth ventrally, TI tympana generally absent (present in some species ofTafalisca) .......................................................... 15 - FWs bearing stridulatory apparatus, at least one tympanum present on TI.............................................. 17 15. Median ocellus absent, metanotum with projections; TI and TII without proximal protuberance; PCu vein without stridulatory teeth. Male genitalia: LLophi present, MedLophi absent.......................................... 16 - Median ocellus present, metanotum generally without projections, sometimes with two median projections; TI and TII with proximal protuberance (Supporting Information, Fig. S5N); PCu vein generally curved and sometimes with stridulatory teeth ventrally. Male genitalia: LLophi and MedLophi present (Supporting Information, Fig. S7A, B).....................................................................................................................Tafalisca16. Male metanotum without a central fossa. Male genitalia: PsP well developed, almost same size of LLophi; rami curved inwards.................................................................................................................EubezƲerkhoƲia- Male metanotum with a central fossa. Male genitalia: PsP short, notably shorter than LLophi; rami straight ................................................................................................................................................Mexitrypa17. Pronotum with a median inverted band y-shaped dark brown or black (Fig. 20A); male metanotum without projections; TIII subapical spurs 4/3; FIII longer than TIII (Supporting Information, Fig. S6A) ..Perutrella- Pronotum without a median inverted band y-shaped; male metanotum with projections; TIII subapical spurs 5/4; FIII same size as TIII or slightly longer........................................................................................18 18. Male FWs covering the entire abdomen, stridulatory file not surrounded by strong sclerotization, apical field developed; TI with auditory tympanum on both faces; LLophi well developed, endophallic apodeme not bifid. Female apex of ovipositor without protuberances in dorsal and ventral valves ......Amblyrhethus- Male FWs not covering the entire abdomen, stridulatory file surrounded by strong sclerotization (Supporting Information, Fig. S3D), apical field not developed; TI with auditory tympanum on outer face, inner face absent; MLophi well developed, endophallic apodeme bifid (Supporting Information, Fig. S8M). Female apex of ovipositor with two protuberances in dorsal and ventral valves (Fig. 20B) ......Veredatrypa19. PCu vein with a sinuosity close to lateral field (Fig. 20C). Male genitalia: PsP well developed; rami slightly longer or same-sized then pseudepiphallic sclerite; ectophallic invagination not reduced .........................20 - PCu vein bisinuous (Fig. 17B). Male genitalia: PsP regressed or absent; rami two times or longer than pseudepiphallic sclerite; ectophallic invagination generally regressed (Fig. 17C; Supporting Information, Fig. S7B) (exceptProdiatrypa) ........................................................................................................................21 20. Pronotum as long as wide; TI outer tympanum absent; HWs shorter than FWs; apical field absent; supraanal plate of the male with a median projection (Fig. 20D); apex of ovipositor rounded; TIII subapical spurs 5/4. Male genitalia: apex of LLophi bifid (Fig. 20E) ................................................................Adenophallusia- Pronotum longer than wide; TI both tympana present; HWs longer than FWs; apical field present; supraanal plate of the male without median projection; apex of ovipositor triangular (Fig. 20F); TIII subapical spurs 3/3, close to distal margin of TIII (some species 5/4). Male genitalia: apex o LLophi single.Ectotrypa21. Median ocellus reduced, smaller than lateral ocelli; HWs shorter or same size of FWs; apical field shorter than mirror (Fig. 20G). Male genitalia: PsP absent.......................................................................................22 - Median ocellus not reduced or absent; HWs longer than FWs; apical field longer or same-sized than mirror (Fig. 17B). Male genitalia: PsP present, regressed.........................................................................................23 22. TI inner and outer tympana both present. Male genitalia: LLophi not finger-shaped, distal to pseudepiphallic sclerite (Fig. 20H)............................................................................................................................SelƲagryllus- TI inner tympanum reduced or absent, outer tympanum present. Male genitalia: LLophi finger-shaped located at the base of pseudepiphallic sclerite (Fig. 20I) .................................................................Siccotrella23. TI inner tympanum not elongated. Male genitalia: LLophi absent; ectophallic invagination and endophallic sclerite well developed.....................................................................................................................Prodiatrypa- TI inner tympanum elongated (Supporting Information, Fig. S5I). Male genitalia: LLophi generally present; ectophallic invagination and endophallic sclerite strongly regressed (Fig. 17C; Supporting Information, Fig. S8B) ...........................................................................................................................................................24 24. Median ocellus absent; pronotum longer than wide (Fig. 17A); TI inflated, inner tympanum covered by a sclerotized tab (Supporting Information, Fig. S5I); TIII subapical spurs 4/4. Male genitalia: LLophi absent, when present directed posteriorly (exceptA. mataraku).............................................................Angustitrella- Median ocellus present; pronotum wider than long or as long as wide; TI not inflated, inner tympanum not covered by a sclerotized tab; TIII subapical spurs 5/4 or 5/5. Male genitalia: LLophi generally present, directed anteriorly (Fig. 17C) .......................................................................................................Paroecanthus25. Ocelli generally present; FWs absent or brachypterous; when FWs present generally without longitudinal veins, sometimes with maximum six longitudinal veins not reticulated .....................................................26 - Ocelli generally absent; FWs present, covering the abdomen entirely or almost entirely, with more than six longitudinal veins reticulated .........................................................................................................................28 26. FWs absent (Supporting Information, Fig. S2A); posterior margin of pronotum covering metanotum ..........................................................................................................................................................Apterotrypa- FWs present; posterior margin of pronotum not covering metanotum.........................................................27 27. FWs wider than long, covering only metanotum (Supporting Information, Fig. S2B). Male genitalia: LLophi inner margin membranous (Fig. 18C) ..........................................................................................Neometrypus- FWs longer than wide, covering the two first abdominal tergites (Fig. 18B). Male genitalia: LLophi completely sclerotized...............................................................................................................Cylindrogryllus28. Body cylindrical (Fig. 18A); fastigium without tubercle; first abdominal tergite with projections (Supporting Information, Fig. S4E) .......................................................................................................................Brazitrypa- Body flattened dorso-ventrally; fastigium with a tubercle apically (Fig. 20J); first abdominal tergite without projections .................................................................................................................................... Dicerorostrum
description: Published as part of Campos, Lucas Denadai De, Dias, Pedro Guilherme Barrios De Souza, Audino, Jorge Alves, Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Nihei, Silvio Shigueo, 2023, The fifth family of the true crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Ensifera: Grylloidea), Oecanthidae defin. nov.: phylogenetic relationships and divergence times, pp. 1034-1077 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 197 (4) on pages 1065-1067, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlac066, http://zenodo.org/record/7803427