cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NMR spectroscopy of proteins - computational and experimental studies
Creators: name: Shishmarev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
subject: Proteins

description: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful research technique widely used for establishing three-dimensional structures, dynamic properties and intermolecular interactions of proteins. Its non-destructiveness, high information content and applicability for a broad range of samples, both in solution and in the solid state, renders it one of the best tools in the modern structural biology. Liquid-state NMR spectroscopy, however, also has some drawbacks, such as relatively low inherent sensitivity, complexity of the resultant spectra, high time demands and poor suitability for the analysis of large biomolecular complexes and membrane proteins. Due to the variety of aspects that might be improved and optimised, it's been a target of constant development for the last few decades and still is a primary focus of modern biochemical science. The goal of my PhD projects was to understand and improve several aspects and techniques of liquid-state protein NMR spectroscopy, employing both computational and experimental analysis. In the present thesis, I describe the results of my work on a wide variety of topics. The first project is devoted to optimisations of experiments suffering from the radiation damping effect. The second project is a computational analysis aimed at investigations of the applicability of mobile lanthanide-binding tags in protein-ligand interaction studies. The third project is an investigation of the structure and functions of single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) using solution NMR, targeted at the elucidation of the mechanism by which the protein plays its role in the metabolism of single-stranded DNA.
Diffuse stellar component in galaxy clusters and the evolution of the most massive galaxies at z
Creators: name: Monaco, Pierluigi
name: Murante, Giuseppe
name: Borgani, Stefano
name: Fontanot, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high end of the stellar mass function of galaxies is observed to have little evolution since z~1. This represents a stringent constraint for merger--based models, aimed at explaining the evolution of the most massive galaxies in the concordance LambdaCDM cosmology. In this Letter we show that it is possible to remove the tension between the above observations and model predictions by allowing a fraction of stars to be scattered to the Diffuse Stellar Component (DSC) of galaxy clusters at each galaxy merger, as recently suggested by the analysis of N-body hydrodynamical simulations. To this purpose, we use the MORGANA model of galaxy formation in a minimal version, in which gas cooling and star formation are switched off after z=1. In this way, any predicted evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function is purely driven by mergers. We show that, even in this extreme case, the predicted degree of evolution of the high end of the stellar mass function is larger than that suggested by data. Assuming instead that a significant fraction, ~30 per cent, of stars are scattered in the DSC at each merger event, leads to a significant suppression of the predicted evolution, in better agreement with observational constraints, while providing a total amount of DSC in clusters which is consistent with recent observational determinations.
description: 5 pages, figures included; ApJ Letters, in press. Revision: reference added
Modeling low energy sputtering of hexagonal boron nitride by xenon ions
Creators: name: Yim, John T.
name: Falk, Michael L.
name: Boyd, Iain D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sputtering of hexagonal boron nitride due to low energy xenon ion bombardments occurs in various applications including fabrication of cubic boron nitride and erosion of Hall thruster channel walls. At low ion energies, accurate experimental characterization of sputter yields increases in difficulty due to the low yields involved. A molecular dynamics model is employed to simulate the sputtering process and to calculate sputter yields for ion energies ranging from 10 eV to 350 eV. The results are compared to experimental data and a semi-empirical expression developed by Bohdansky is found to adequately describe the simulation data. Surface temperature effects are also investigated, and the sputter yield at 850 K is approximately twice that at 423 K.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
A Complexity O(1) Priority Queue for Event Driven Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Creators: name: Paul, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and implement a priority queue suitable for use in event driven molecular dynamics simulations. All operations on the queue take on average O(1) time per collision. In comparison, previously studied queues for event driven molecular dynamics simulations require O(log $N$) time per collision for systems of $N$ particles.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Computational Physics
Theozentrik als "gefährliche Erinnerung"?
Creators: name: Gautier, Dominik
name: Heidemann, Astrid
name: Taxacher, Gregor
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 70 Nr. 3 (2021): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 70, Heft 3
First results with two light flavours of quarks with maximally twisted mass
Creators: name: Jansen, Karl
name: Urbach, Carsten
name: Collaboration, ETM
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on first results of an ongoing effort to simulate lattice QCD with two degenerate flavours of quarks by means of the twisted mass formulation tuned to maximal twist. By utilising recent improvements of the HMC algorithm, pseudo-scalar masses well below 300 MeV are simulated on volumes with spatial size larger than 2 fm at values of the lattice spacing similar or smaller than 0.1 fm. We present first evidence that scaling violations in the pseudo-scalar decay constant are small and well compatible with O(a) improvement. Additionally, exploratory results for the case of N_f=2+1+1 flavours are discussed.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, talk given at Lattice 2006 (spectroscopy)
SOHO/SUMER Observations of Prominence Oscillation Before Eruption
Creators: name: Chen, P. F.
name: Innes, D. E.
name: Solanki, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs), as a large-scale eruptive phenomenon, often reveal some precursors in the initiation phase, e.g., X-ray brightening, filament darkening, etc, which are useful for CME modeling and space weather forecast. With the SOHO/SUMER spectroscopic observations of the 2000 September 26 event, we propose another precursor for CME eruptions, namely, long-time prominence oscillations. The prominence oscillation-and-eruption event was observed by ground-based H$α$ telescopes and space-borne white-light, EUV imaging and spectroscopic instruments. In particular, the SUMER slit was observing the prominence in a sit-and-stare mode. The observations indicate that a siphon flow was moving from the proximity of the prominence to a site at a projected distance of 270$''$, which was followed by repetitive H$α$ surges and continual prominence oscillations. The oscillation lasted 4 hours before the prominence erupted as a blob-like CME. The analysis of the multiwavelength data indicates that the whole series of processes fits well into the emerging flux trigger mechanism for CMEs. In this mechanism, emerging magnetic flux drives a siphon flow due to increased gas pressure where the background polarity emerges. It also drives H$α$ surges through magnetic reconnection where the opposite polarity emerges. The magnetic reconnection triggers the prominence oscillations, as well as its loss of equilibrium, which finally leads to the eruption of the prominence. It is also found that the reconnection between the emerging flux and the pre-existing magnetic loop proceeds in an intermittent, probably quasi-periodic, way.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, submitted for publication in A&A
Onset of a boson mode at superconducting critical point of underdoped YBa2Cu3Oy
Creators: name: Doiron-Leyraud, Nicolas
name: Sutherland, Mike
name: Li, S. Y.
name: Taillefer, Louis
name: Liang, Ruixing
name: Bonn, D. A.
name: Hardy, W. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal conductivity $κ$ of underdoped \Y was measured in the $T \to 0$ limit as a function of hole concentration $p$ across the superconducting critical point at $p_{SC}$ = 5.0%. ``Time doping'' was used to resolve the evolution of bosonic and fermionic contributions with high accuracy. For $p \leqslant p_{SC}$, we observe an additional $T^3$ contribution to $κ$ which we attribute to the boson excitations of a phase with long-range spin or charge order. Fermionic transport, manifest as a linear term in $κ$, is seen to persist unaltered through $p_{SC}$, showing that the state just below $p_{SC}$ is a thermal metal. In this state, the electrical resistivity varies as log$(1/T)$ and the Wiedemann-Franz law is violated.
Learning to teach prospective teachers to teach mathematics
Creators: name: Nicol, Cynthia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study investigates the problems, tensions, and dilemmas I experienced as a beginning teacher educator learning to teach prospective elementary teachers. Working within the context of calls for reform in mathematics education, the study reports my efforts of designing and investigating a pedagogy of mathematics teacher education, in collaboration with two colleagues, which attempts to place inquiry at the focus of teaching and learning to teach mathematics for understanding. A major feature of the mathematics methods course, the context of this study, was the opportunity for prospective teachers to work with students and to investigate their own teaching. Video taped records of class events, audio taped records of the instructors' planning meetings, my teaching journal and field notes, and prospective teachers' journals and course assignments were sources of data. Analysis of the complexities and challenges I experienced as a beginning teacher educator occurred in two main phaseswhile I was teaching the course and reflecting on my deliberations and struggles in the "action-present" (Schon, 1987) and one year later as I study my teaching through an analysis of what I found problematic. Such an analysis provides insights into the sense I was making of classroom events, how I sought to resolve what I found problematic, and what I am learning as a teacher educator of mathematics education. Narratives are used as a way of reconstructing, interpreting, and communicating my pedagogical experiences around three themes of questioning, listening, and responding, of resistance, and of collaboration and investigation. Aspects of my teaching that were found to be problematic include: choosing and using pedagogical problems; interweaving investigations of mathematics and pedagogy; and developing a community of inquiry. What I found problematic provided opportunities for learning. An aspect discussed, for example, is learning about and from prospective teachers. Issues related to problems and possibilities for teacher educators are raised. Implicatins are drawn which focus on the preparation of teacher educators and how teacher educators might be supported in their learning to teach.
Epistemic Insight - Can a robot own its own ideas?
Creators: name: Billingsley, Berry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Epistemic Insight
artificial intelligence
epistemology
multidisciplinary
engineering
creativity
knowledge
science
religion
humanities
technology
Big Questions
personhood
nature of reality
disciplinary knowledge

description: 'Can a robot own its own ideas?' is a brochure for an Epistemic Insight event focused on the theme topic 'AI, Engineering and Creativity'. The brochure introduces a series of workshops and activities that use Epistemic Insight tools and approaches to investigate Big Questions on human personhood and the nature of reality. The skills and insight that needed to address these big questions include an understanding of how to create, judge and apply knowledge wisely. The Big Questions in this brochure are ones that science, religion and the humanities have contributions to make to inform students' thinking.
Ultra-high energy cosmic rays, cascade gamma-rays, and high-energy neutrinos from gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Dermer, Charles D.
name: Atoyan, Armen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are sources of energetic, highly variable fluxes of gamma rays, which demonstrates that they are powerful particle accelerators. Besides relativistic electrons, GRBs should also accelerate high-energy hadrons, some of which could escape cooling to produce ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). Acceleration of high-energy hadrons in GRB blast waves will be established if high-energy neutrinos produced through photopion interactions in the blast wave are detected from GRBs. Limitations on the energy in nonthermal hadrons and the number of expected neutrinos are imposed by the fluxes from pair-photon cascades initiated in the same processes that produce neutrinos. Only the most powerful bursts at fluence levels >~ 3e-4 erg/cm^2 offer a realistic prospect for detection of >> TeV neutrinos. Detection of high-energy neutrinos is likely if GRB blast waves have large baryon loads and Doppler factors
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in New Journal of Physics focus issue on GRBs
Image Denoising using Attention-Residual Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Pires, Rafael G.
name: Santos, Daniel F. S.
name: Santana, Marcos C. S.
name: Santos, Claudio F. G.
name: Papa, Joao P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During the image acquisition process, noise is usually added to the data mainly due to physical limitations of the acquisition sensor, and also regarding imprecisions during the data transmission and manipulation. In that sense, the resultant image needs to be processed to attenuate its noise without losing details. Non-learning-based strategies such as filter-based and noise prior modeling have been adopted to solve the image denoising problem. Nowadays, learning-based denoising techniques showed to be much more effective and flexible approaches, such as Residual Convolutional Neural Networks. Here, we propose a new learning-based non-blind denoising technique named Attention Residual Convolutional Neural Network (ARCNN), and its extension to blind denoising named Flexible Attention Residual Convolutional Neural Network (FARCNN). The proposed methods try to learn the underlying noise expectation using an Attention-Residual mechanism. Experiments on public datasets corrupted by different levels of Gaussian and Poisson noise support the effectiveness of the proposed approaches against some state-of-the-art image denoising methods. ARCNN achieved an overall average PSNR results of around 0.44dB and 0.96dB for Gaussian and Poisson denoising, respectively FARCNN presented very consistent results, even with slightly worsen performance compared to ARCNN.
description: Published in: 2020 33rd SIBGRAPI Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images (SIBGRAPI)
Classical Antiferromagnetism on Torquato-Stillinger Packings
Creators: name: Burnell, F. J.
name: Sondhi, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Torquato and Stillinger have constructed a new family of frustrated lattices by unusually high dilution of close packed structures while preserving structural stability. We show that an infinite subclass of these structures has an underlying topology that greatly simplifies determination of their magnetic phase structure for nearest neighbor antiferromagnetism interactions and O(N) spins.
Hydrogen atom in crossed electric and magnetic fields: Phase space topology and torus quantization via periodic orbits
Creators: name: Gekle, Stephan
name: Main, Jörg
name: Bartsch, Thomas
name: Uzer, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hierarchical ordering is demonstrated for the periodic orbits in a strongly coupled multidimensional Hamiltonian system, namely the hydrogen atom in crossed electric and magnetic fields. It mirrors the hierarchy of broken resonant tori and thereby allows one to characterize the periodic orbits by a set of winding numbers. With this knowledge, we construct the action variables as functions of the frequency ratios and carry out a semiclassical torus quantization. The semiclassical energy levels thus obtained agree well with exact quantum calculations.
Unoriented geometric functors
Creators: name: Taylor, Laurence R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R65 (Primary) 55N25 (Secondary)

description: Farrell and Hsiang noticed that the geometric surgery groups defined By Wall, Chapter 9, do not have the naturality Wall claims for them. They were able to fix the problem by augmenting Wall's definitions to keep track of a line bundle. The definition of geometric Wall groups involves homology with local coefficients and these also lack Wall's claimed naturality. One would hope that a geometric bordism theory involving non-orientable manifolds would enjoy the same naturality as that enjoyed by homology with local coefficients. A setting for this naturality entirely in terms of local coefficients is presented in this paper. Applying this theory to the example of non-orientable Wall groups restores much of the elegance of Wall's original approach. Furthermore, a geometric determination of the map induced by conjugation by a group element is given.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX
A spectral line survey in the 2 mm and 1.3 mm windows toward the carbon rich envelope of IRC +10216
Creators: name: He, J. H.
name: Dinh-V-Trung
name: Kwok, S.
name: Mueller, H. S. P.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Hasegawa, T.
name: Peng, T. C.
name: Huang, Y. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our spectral line surveys in the 2 mm and 1.3 mm windows toward the carbon rich envelope of IRC +10216. Totally 377 lines are detected, among which 360 lines are assigned to 57 known molecules (including 29 rare isotopomers and 2 cyclic isomers). Only 17 weak lines remain unidentified. Rotational lines of isotopomers 13CCH and HN13C are detected for the first time in IRC +10216. The detection of the formaldehyde lines in this star is also confirmed. Possible abundance difference among the three 13C substituted isotopic isomers of HC3N is reported. Isotopic ratios of C and O are confirmed to be non-solar while those of S and Si to be nearly solar. Column densities have been estimated for 15 molecular species. Modified spectroscopic parameters have been calculated for NaCN, Na13CN, KCN and SiC2. Transition frequencies from the present observations were used to improve the spectroscopic parameters of Si13CC, 29SiC2 and 30SiC2.
description: 17 pages of text, 18 pages of 14 tables, 35 pages of 4 figures, a typo corrected in Abstract
Elicitation on "when" clauses
Creators: name: Maldonado Sales, Nelly Idalia Nikte
name: Scott, Tessa
name: Sales, Henry
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mam

description: This is a remote video interview held using Zoom. Henry Sales, a Mam speaker from San Juan Atitán, provides translation between English and Mam using Mam and Spanish.

The elicitation focuses on the verbal inflection patterns in "when" clauses.

In this file bundle: 1 pdf of typed notes.
Re-entrant superconductivity in Nb/Cu(1-x)Ni(x) bilayers
Creators: name: Zdravkov, V.
name: Sidorenko, A.
name: Obermeier, G.
name: Gsell, S.
name: Schreck, M.
name: Müller, C.
name: Horn, S.
name: Tidecks, R.
name: Tagirov, L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first observation of a pronounced re-entrant superconductivity phenomenon in superconductor/ferromagnetic layered systems. The results were obtained using a superconductor/ferromagnetic-alloy bilayer of Nb/Cu(1-x)Ni(x). The superconducting transition temperature T_{c} drops sharply with increasing thickness d_{CuNi} of the ferromagnetic layer, until complete suppression of superconductivity is observed at d_{CuNi}= 4 nm. Increasing the Cu(1-x)Ni(x) layer thickness further, superconductivity reappears at d_{CuNi}=13 nm. Our experiments give evidence for the pairing function oscillations associated with a realization of the quasi-one dimensional Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) like state in the ferromagnetic layer.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, REVTEX4/twocolumn
Supplemental tables of TESOT
Creators: name: Wang, Yu-Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The tables introduce the course contents of the nervous system module (Table 1), example of an instruction block of the TESOT modality (Table 2), examples of pre- and post-lecture quizzes of the nervous system module (Table 3), list of the contents of a student-led summary (Table 4) and example of online interactions (Table 5), respectively, in the paper "TESOT: A Teaching Modality Targeting the Learning Obstacles in Global Medical Education" published by Advances in Physiology Education.
The role of collision speed, cloud density, and turbulence in the formation of young massive clusters via cloud-cloud collisions
Creators: name: Liow, K. Y.
name: Dobbs, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young massive clusters (YMCs) are recently formed astronomical objects with unusually high star formation rates. We propose the collision of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) as a likely formation mechanism of YMCs, consistent with the YMC conveyor-belt formation mode concluded by other authors. We conducted smoothed particle hydrodynamical simulations of cloud-cloud collisions and explored the effect of the clouds' collision speed, initial cloud density, and the level of cloud turbulence on the global star formation rate and the properties of the clusters formed from the collision. We show that greater collision speed, greater initial cloud density and lower turbulence increase the overall star formation rate and produce clusters with greater cluster mass. In general, collisions with relative velocity $\gtrsim 25$ km/s, initial cloud density $\gtrsim 250$ cm$^{-3}$, and turbulence of $\approx 2.5$ km/s can produce massive clusters with properties resembling the observed Milky Way YMCs.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Bayesian Adaptive Dose-finding Methods  in Phase I Drug Combination Trials
Creators: name: Yang, Yang
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Adaptive Bayesian design
Dose finding
Drug combination
Interaction function
Late-onset toxicity
Non-monotonic toxicity probability

description: In a single-agent dose-finding Phase I trial, the key underlying assumption is that toxicity probability increases monotonically with the dose level. However, in multi-agent trial, this assumption may not hold because the drug-drug interaction effect can either decrease or increase the joint toxicity as compared to either one used alone, which may lead to an unforeseen toxicity probability surface. In the first part of the dissertation, we develop a novel adaptive dose-finding approach which can be applied to these kinds of multi-drug combination trials under the situation of non-monotonic toxicity probability surface. In the second part of the dissertation, we extend our investigation on the drug combination dose-finding trials with late-onset toxicity outcomes and have proposed a Bayesian adaptive dose-finding design under a nonignorable missing data mechanism, and where surrogate data are available. We evaluate the operating characteristics of the aforementioned methods and also compare them with existing methods through extensive simulation studies under various scenarios. The proposed methods demonstrate satisfactory performance in general.
Superfluid Suppression in d-Wave Superconductors due to Disordered Magnetism
Creators: name: Atkinson, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of static magnetic correlations on the temperature-dependent superfluid density ρ_s(T) is calculated for d-wave superconductors. In self-consistent calculations, itinerant holes form incommensurate spin density waves (SDW) which coexist with superconductivity. In the clean limit, the density of states is gapped, and ρ_s(T << T_c) is exponentially activated. In inhomogeneously-doped cases, the SDW are disordered and both the density of states and ρ_s(T) obtain forms indistinguishable from those in dirty but pure d-wave superconductors, in accordance with experiments. We conclude that the observed collapse of ρ_s at x\approx 0.35 in underdoped YBCO may plausibly be attributed to the coexistence of SDW and superconductivity.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Expanded discussion
Premorbid Social Functioning and Adult Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders in the Copenhagen Perinatal Cohort
Creators: name: Tsuji, Thomas Yoshito
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Friends
Premorbid Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia
Social Functioning

description: Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental illness, best known for prominent positive symptoms. In addition to positive symptoms, symptoms related to social dysfunction are also often extremely impairing. For people living with schizophrenia, higher levels of social difficulties are associated with poorer functional outcomes. Research suggests individuals with schizophrenia experience difficulties with social functioning during development prior to reaching full criteria for illness. Retrospective and prospective methods have been the primary way to measure premorbid social functioning. Despite strengths of each approach, several confounds of both designs may limit interpretations of results. The high-risk longitudinal prospective method was developed to address some of the aforementioned methodological limitations. The current study investigates premorbid social functioning in a Danish schizophrenia high-risk longitudinal cohort. Participants were assessed at ages 10-13 years, prior to their development of a psychiatric disorder, through the use of multiple informants including the children themselves, parents, and teachers. Participants were then followed up with a clinical interview as adults. Adult diagnostic outcome was divided into three groups: schizophrenia-spectrum disorder, non-schizophrenia spectrum psychiatric disorder, and no mental illness. Results indicate that all informants reported significant differences in premorbid social functioning between participants who developed a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and no mental illness. Teachers were found to be able to differentiate premorbid social functioning between participants who later developed a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and a non-spectrum psychiatric disorder in addition to no mental illness, suggesting the potential importance of teacher ratings of premorbid social functioning as it pertains to adult schizophrenia-spectrum outcome.
Applying Weighted GEE for Missing Data Analysis and Sample Size Estimation in Repeated Measurement Studies with Dropout
Creators: name: Sun, Anna
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Missing at Random
Missing Complete at Random
Missing Data
Repeated Measurements
Sample Size
Weighted GEE

description: In planning and designing a clinical trial, researchers need to estimate the sample size based on the target power of the statistical test used to test the treatment effect.  In studies with repeated measurements, missing data is often inevitable because some patients may drop out before the study ends. Missing data may reduce the power of hypothesis tests and lead to incorrect decisions. In this dissertation, we first introduced missing data issues in the clinical trials, and we applied five missing data analysis methods to the Schizophrenia study. We performed simulations to compare Weighted GEE method with other methods under different dropout rate.  It is important to consider possible missingness to estimate sample size. Though there are rich literatures in sample size calculation in longitudinal studies, not much work has been done in repeated measurements with missing data, especially missing at random. The available methods either ignore the missing data effect, or assume missingness is MCAR, which is a very strong assumption. By following weighted GEE theory in Robins, Rotnitzky, and Zhao (1995), we derived a closed form sample size estimation formula for comparing two groups' slope difference for repeated continuous responses under MAR.  We also performed simulations to confirm the validity of the weighted GEE method, and showed that generally the power obtained using the WGEE based sample size formula yields a test whose power is very close to the nominal value.  Furthermore, we derived Rao-Blackwellized Monte Carlo estimators to efficiently compute the coefficients that appear on the sample size formula.
Das Biedermeier: Rückzug in die Innerlichkeit in Kunst und Leben
Creators: name: Czezior, Patricia
Publisher: name: Verlag der Starnberger Hefte (Dr. Ernst Quester)
Year: 2023
Subjects: 19. Jahrhundert
Deutsche Literatur
Germanistik

description: Der Begriff des 'Biedermeier' geht zurück auf eine Parodie über den deutsehen Spießbürger von Adolf Kußmaul (1822-1902) und Ludwig Eichrodt (1827-1892) mit dem Titel "Die Gedichte des schwäbischen Schulkhrers Göttlich Biedermaier und seines Freundes Horatius Treuher". Aus einer Typenkarikatur wurde dann ein Epochenbegriff, der jene. künstlerischen und geistigen Ausprägungen der Zeit zwischen dem Wiener Kongress 1815 und der 1848er-Revolution beschreiben sollte, die eine Gegenposition zu politischer Aktion und Stellungnahme markierten. In der neueren kulturgeschichtlichen Forschung wird hingegen als Epochenbezeichnung 'Vormärz' präferiert, ein Begriff, der die Gegensätzlichkeit der Strömungen und Phänomene in sich einschließt, 'Biedermeier' als Etikett für bestimmte Werke und Autoren wird weitgehend vermieden. Vorliegende Untersuchung gibt dazu einen kurzen Überblick anhand einschlägiger Beispiele.
Electron Beam Formation and its Effect in Novel Plasma-optical Device for Evaporation of Micro-droplets in Cathode ARC Plasma Coating
Creators: name: Goncharov, A. A.
name: Maslov, V. I.
name: Naiko, L. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 78A35

description: The additional pumping of energy into arc plasma flow by the self-consistently formed radially directed beam of high-energy electrons for evaporation of micro-droplets is considered. The radial beam appears near the inner cylindrical surface by secondary ion - electron emission at this surface bombardment by peripheral arc plasma flow ions. The beam is accelerated by electric potential jump, appeared in a cylindrical channel of the plasma-optical system in crossed radial electrical and longitudinal magnetic fields. The high-energy electrons pump, during the time of micro-droplet movement through the system, the energy, which is sufficient for evaporation of micro-droplets.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Head Start Preschool Teacher Implementation Of The Goals Curriculum: A Classroom-Based Promotion Of Friendships, Self-Regulation, And Positive Social Expectations
Creators: name: VanderWalde, Holly
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Adherence
GOALS
Head Start
Implementation
SEL program
Social emotional learning

description: The current study includes the second randomized trial of the GOALS program, a universal preschool social emotional learning (SEL) prevention program and examines the impact of the program on children's social and emotional development. The study includes three separate aims including (1) creating a training and support model for teachers, (2) examining child outcomes when teachers implement the GOALS lessons, and (3) examining the moderating effect of gender, age, and verbal ability on child outcomes. For the first aim, the primary investigator created a training and support model, provided teachers with detailed lesson scripts, and provided ongoing consultation. To examine fidelity, teachers rated themselves on fidelity characteristics (e.g., adherence, quality, child responsiveness). Trained observers also observed approximately half of the lessons to examine teacher adherence to lesson content. Overall, teachers rated the training and consultation sessions as helpful and supportive and reported an overall positive attitude towards the GOALS program. The large discrepancy between observer and teacher report of adherence suggests that teachers provide inaccurate ratings of fidelity. For the second and third aims, trained undergraduate students conducted baseline and post-test assessments. Baseline and post-test assessments included both teacher ratings of child behavior and direct child assessments conducted by trained undergraduate students. Results revealed that children randomly assigned to the GOALS classrooms improved in teacher-reported self-control and provided more socially competent responses compared to children in the standard practices classrooms. Moderator analyses revealed that for boys GOALS decreased attention problems, and for older children and children with more advanced verbal skills GOALS improved social skills. Results from the current randomized trial parallel results from the initial trial and suggest that GOALS is effective in improving positive aspects of social behavior and information processing.
An exactly solvable nonlinear model: Constructive effects of correlations between Gaussian noises
Creators: name: Gora, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system with two correlated Gaussian white noises is analysed. This system can describe both stochastic localization and long tails in the stationary distribution. Correlations between the noises can lead to a nonmonotonic behaviour of the variance as function of the intensity of one of the noises and to a stochastic resonance. A method for improving the transmission of external periodic signal by tuning parameters of the system discussed in this paper is proposed.
Anomalous Diffusion in Subsets of Euclidean Space
Creators: name: Thompson, Stephen
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Anomalous diffusion
Jump process
L?vy flight
Reaction-diffusion equation
Reflected stable process
Trotter-kato theorem

description: The subject of this dissertation is anomalous (nonlocal) diffusion, a type of random motion which is important in statistical physics, fluid dynamics, the study of animal foraging patterns, and economics.  In the main contribution of the dissertation, we construct a sequence of L?vy flight models on discrete spaces, based on previously existing models from statistical physics and the study of networks, and then use the Trotter-Kato theorem from semigroup theory to show that they converge to a continuum limit.  In one special case, this continuum limit is a scaling limit from which we recover the well-known fractional diffusion model in Rn.  In the general case, we obtain a model which evolves by means of multiscale random jumps in an inhomogeneous medium, represented by some subset of Euclidean space.   On the one hand, this convergence theorem provides insight into the nature of L?vy flight models on lattices and networks, allowing us to show that they can exhibit surprising boundary effects as they approach the continuum limit.  On the other hand, the convergence theorem is also a numerical method for solving nonlocal analogues to the heat equation with no-flux boundary conditions.  The method applies to a large class of models for which, apparently, no practical approximation method which was known to be convergent previously existed. In addition, some of these results are extended to cover related nonlinear problems, which leads to new existence-uniqueness theorems for nonlocal reaction-diffusion systems.  This is accomplished by formulating a sequence of approximating equations for which comparison principles and well posedness can be proved, and then showing that these desiderata are preserved in the limit.  All this facilitates the analysis of nonlinear systems representing predator-prey dynamics and the spatial spread of epidemics, two areas where there is evidence that anomalous diffusion plays an important role but takes place in a bounded, heterogeneous environment, giving rise to models which fit well into the theoretical framework developed here.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: The link between bars and the early cessation of star formation in spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Fraser-McKelvie, Amelia
name: Merrifield, Michael
name: Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Peterken, Thomas
name: Kraljic, Katarina
name: Masters, Karen
name: Stark, David
name: Fragkoudi, Francesca
name: Smethurst, Rebecca
name: Boardman, Nicholas Fraser
name: Drory, Niv
name: Lane, Richard R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bars are common in low-redshift disk galaxies, and hence quantifying their influence on their host is of importance to the field of galaxy evolution. We determine the stellar populations and star formation histories of 245 barred galaxies from the MaNGA galaxy survey, and compare them to a mass- and morphology-matched comparison sample of unbarred galaxies. At fixed stellar mass and morphology, barred galaxies are optically redder than their unbarred counterparts. From stellar population analysis using the full spectral fitting code Starlight, we attribute this difference to both older and more metal-rich stellar populations. Dust attenuation however, is lower in the barred sample. The star formation histories of barred galaxies peak earlier than their non-barred counterparts, and the galaxies build up their mass at earlier times. We can detect no significant differences in the local environment of barred and un-barred galaxies in this sample, but find that the HI gas mass fraction is significantly lower in high-mass ($\rm{M}_{\star} > 10^{10}~\rm{M}_{\odot}$) barred galaxies than their non-barred counterparts. We speculate on the mechanisms that have allowed barred galaxies to be older, more metal-rich and more gas-poor today, including the efficient redistribution of galactic fountain byproducts, and a runaway bar formation scenario in gas-poor disks. While it is not possible to fully determine the effect of the bar on galaxy quenching, we conclude that the presence of a bar and the early cessation of star formation within a galaxy are intimately linked.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Elicitation on transitive verb agreement paradigms and "when" clauses
Creators: name: Mendes Sales, Jeidy Mayari
name: Scott, Tessa
name: Sales, Henry
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mam

description: This is a remote video interview held using Zoom. Henry Sales, a Mam speaker from San Juan Atitán, provides translation between English and Mam using Mam and Spanish.

The elicitation focuses on verbal agreement paradigms of "see" verbs and various strategies of object marking, and includes some "when" clauses.

In this file bundle: 1 pdf of typed notes.
Strong to weak coupling transitions of SU(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Bursa, Francis
name: Teper, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a strong-to-weak coupling cross-over in D=2+1 SU(N) lattice gauge theories that appears to become a third-order phase transition at N=\infty, in a similar way to the Gross-Witten transition in the D=1+1 SU(N\to\infty) lattice gauge theory. There is, in addition, a peak in the specific heat at approximately the same coupling that increases with N, which is connected to Z_N monopoles (instantons), reminiscent of the first order bulk transition that occurs in D=3+1 for N > 4. Our calculations are not precise enough to determine whether this peak is due to a second-order phase transition at N=\infty or to a third-order phase transition with different critical behaviour to that of the Gross-Witten transition. We investigate whether the trace of the Wilson loop has a non-analyticity in the coupling at some critical area, but find no evidence for this. However we do find that, just as one can prove occurs in D=1+1, the eigenvalue density of a Wilson loop forms a gap at N=\infty at a critical value of its trace. We show that this gap formation is in fact a corollary of a remarkable similarity between the eigenvalue spectra of Wilson loops in D=1+1 and D=2+1 (and indeed D=3+1): for the same value of the trace, the eigenvalue spectra are nearly identical. This holds for finite as well as infinite N; irrespective of the Wilson loop size in lattice units; and for Polyakov as well as Wilson loops.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, talk given at Lattice 2006 (Beyond QCD)
The complex fossil magnetic field of the $δ$ Scuti star HD\,41641
Creators: name: Thomson-Paressant, Keegan
name: Neiner, Coralie
name: Zwintz, Konstanze
name: Escorza, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Only three magnetic $δ$ Scuti stars are known as of today. HD 41641 is a $δ$ Scuti star showing chemical peculiarities and rotational modulation of its light-curve, making it a good magnetic candidate. We acquired spectropolarimetric observations of this star with Narval at TBL to search for the presence of a magnetic field and characterize it. We indeed clearly detect a magnetic field in HD 41641, making it the fourth known magnetic $δ$ Scuti star. Our analysis shows that the field is of fossil origin, like magnetic OBA stars, but with a complex field structure rather than the much more usual dipolar structure.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables plus 1 in appendix
Factors Associated with Successful Conditional Release for Individuals Found Not Criminally Responsible (NCR) in the State of Maryland
Creators: name: Norwood, Amber
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: community reintegration
conditional release
forensic psychology
insanity defense
NCR
not criminally responsible

description: For the majority of individuals found guilty but not criminally responsible (NCR), inpatient hospitalization is no longer the final step in treatment and rehabilitation, but is instead a stepping stone on the way to community reintegration.  In order to facilitate the transition to community reintegration, individuals found NCR are placed in a community monitoring or aftercare program, similar to probation or parole.  In Maryland, this program, known as conditional release, is operated by the Community Forensic Aftercare Program (CFAP) with a typical conditional period being set for 5 years.  Because conditional release is now the expected outcome, it is important to examine predictors of successful community reintegration for individuals found NCR. The present study examined 179 participants found NCR in Maryland through the first 5 years of their conditional release plan, with a primary goal of determining which variables are associated with success on the plan (i.e., absence of hospital warrant and/or criminal re-offense).  Both static variables (i.e., those measured at one time-point and generally non-malleable by external providers), as well as dynamic variables (i.e. those measured at multiple time-points and generally open to influence by external providers) were examined in the prediction of successful conditional release. Results revealed that, of the static predictors, prior criminal history (i.e., 1 or more previous charges) and race (i.e., racial minority status) were significant predictors of failure on conditional  release and that, of the dynamic predictors, absence of structured daily activity and less than weekly treatment significantly predicted conditional release failure.  Findings from the present study suggest that it is not only static variables within the individual, such as demographic factors, that may predict success on conditional release, but also dynamic predictors, such as treatment frequency and participation in activity that may predict conditional release success.  These findings contribute to the literature, by suggesting that the structure of the conditional release plan, which is influenced by the treatment providers and CFAP monitors, may play a significant role in helping individuals found NCR to successfully integrate into the community.
Influence of the hadronic equation of state on the hadron-quark phase transition in neutron stars
Creators: name: Yang, F.
name: Shen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the hadron-quark phase transition in the interior of neutron stars. The relativistic mean field (RMF) theory is adopted to describe the hadronic matter phase, while the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model is used for the quark matter phase. The influence of the hadronic equation of state on the phase transition and neutron star properties are investigated. We find that a neutron star possesses a large population of hyperons, but it is not dense enough to possess a pure quark core. Whether the mixed phase of hadronic and quark matter exist in the core of neutron stars depends on the RMF parameters used.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures