cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development of an Array of Kinetic Inductance Magnetometers (KIMs)
Creators: name: Sypkens, Sasha
name: Faramarzi, Farzad
name: Colangelo, Marco
name: Sinclair, Adrian
name: Stephenson, Ryan
name: Glasby, Jacob
name: Day, Peter
name: Berggren, Karl
name: Mauskopf, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe optimization of a cryogenic magnetometer that uses nonlinear kinetic inductance in superconducting nanowires as the sensitive element instead of a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The circuit design consists of a loop geometry with two nanowires in parallel, serving as the inductive section of a lumped LC resonator similar to a kinetic inductance detector (KID). This device takes advantage of the multiplexing capability of the KID, allowing for a natural frequency multiplexed readout. The Kinetic Inductance Magnetometer (KIM) is biased with a DC magnetic flux through the inductive loop. A perturbing signal will cause a flux change through the loop, and thus a change in the induced current, which alters the kinetic inductance of the nanowires, causing the resonant frequency of the KIM to shift. This technology has applications in astrophysics, material science, and the medical field for readout of Metallic Magnetic Calorimeters (MMCs), axion detection, and magnetoencephalography (MEG).
Multimodal Approaches for Indoor Localization for Ambient Assisted Living in Smart Homes
Creators: name: Thakur, Nirmalya
name: Han, Chia Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: H.4; I.2; I.5; I.6; D.0

description: This work makes multiple scientific contributions to the field of Indoor Localization for Ambient Assisted Living in Smart Homes. First, it presents a Big-Data driven methodology that studies the multimodal components of user interactions and analyzes the data from Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) beacons and BLE scanners to detect a user's indoor location in a specific activity-based zone during Activities of Daily Living. Second, it introduces a context independent approach that can interpret the accelerometer and gyroscope data from diverse behavioral patterns to detect the zone-based indoor location of a user in any Internet of Things (IoT)-based environment. These two approaches achieved performance accuracies of 81.36% and 81.13%, respectively, when tested on a dataset. Third, it presents a methodology to detect the spatial coordinates of a user's indoor position that outperforms all similar works in this field, as per the associated root mean squared error - one of the performance evaluation metrics in ISO/IEC18305:2016- an international standard for testing Localization and Tracking Systems. Finally, it presents a comprehensive comparative study that includes Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, k-NN, Gradient Boosted Trees, Deep Learning, and Linear Regression, to address the challenge of identifying the optimal machine learning approach for Indoor Localization.
Structure-function analysis of the MAT[Alpha]2 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Ho, Chi-Yip
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the MATα2 gene encodes a negative regulatory protein responsible for determining cell-specific mating-type. The MATα2 protein, α2, represses two sets of mating-type-specific genes by interacting with two other factors. α2 forms a heterodimer with the repressor protein a1, and binds a DNA-target site located upstream of all haploid-specific genes, thereby repressing these genes. In combination with a second factor, MCM1, α2 recognizes another DNA-target site found in all the a-specific genes. The binding of α2-MCM1 to these sites leads to the repression of a-specific genes. Therefore, α2 carries out a dual regulatory function in mating-type control through protein-protein interactions with its co- repressors and through the changes in DNA-binding specificities upon interactions with these partners. The objective of this thesis is to gain further insight (i) into the heterodimerization of α2 with al and (ii) into DNA-binding specificity of α2 when acting with MCMI. In studies to localize the important structures within α2 for functional al-α2 heterodimerization, two sequences in the N-terminal half of α2, containing the 3,4-hydrophobic heptad repeat pattern characteristic of coiled-coils, were identified and examined. Amino acid replacements showed that particular positions within the heptads are important in a1-α2 repression and in stabilizing the a1-α2 heterodimer. These mutational analyses are consistent with the proposal that the two heptad sequences of α2 associate with a1 in a coiled-coil-like manner. To determine the DNA-binding specificity of α2 in the presence of MCM1, a variant of the wild-type α2 operator was used as the DNA-target in an in vitro electrophoretic band-shift assay. This variant α2 operator was also used in a heterologous reporter gene system to test the in vivo repression mediated by α2-MCM1. The results together indicate that the nucleotide differences in the variant operator caused a decrease in both α2-MCM1 binding and repression. This suggests that nucleotides outside the core consensus sequence of the α2 operator are important for its in vivo recognition by α2-MCM1.
Linear-programming design and analysis of fast algorithms for Max 2-Sat and Max 2-CSP
Creators: name: Scott, Alexander D.
name: Sorkin, Gregory B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The class $(r,2)$-CSP, or simply Max 2-CSP, consists of constraint satisfaction problems with at most two $r$-valued variables per clause. For instances with $n$ variables and $m$ binary clauses, we present an $O(n r^{5+19m/100})$-time algorithm which is the fastest polynomial-space algorithm for many problems in the class, including Max Cut. The method also proves a treewidth bound $\tw(G) \leq (13/75+o(1))m$, which gives a faster Max 2-CSP algorithm that uses exponential space: running in time $\Ostar{2^{(13/75+o(1))m}}$, this is fastest for most problems in Max 2-CSP. Parametrizing in terms of $n$ rather than $m$, for graphs of average degree $d$ we show a simple algorithm running time $\Ostar{2^{(1-\frac{2}{d+1})n}}$, the fastest polynomial-space algorithm known. In combination with ``Polynomial CSPs'' introduced in a companion paper, these algorithms also allow (with an additional polynomial-factor overhead in space and time) counting and sampling, and the solution of problems like Max Bisection that escape the usual CSP framework. Linear programming is key to the design as well as the analysis of the algorithms.
description: Updated per published version
A review of modelling in ferrimagnetic spintronics
Creators: name: Barker, Joseph
name: Atxitia, Unai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we introduce computer modelling and simulation techniques which are used for ferrimagnetic materials. We focus on models where thermal effects are accounted for, atomistic spin dynamics and finite temperature macrospin approaches. We survey the literature of two of the most commonly modelled ferrimagnets in the field of spintronics--the amorphous alloy GdFeCo and the magnetic insulator yttrium iron garnet. We look at how generic models and material specific models have been applied to predict and understand spintronic experiments, focusing on the fields of ultrafast magnetisation dynamics, spincaloritronics and magnetic textures dynamics and give an outlook for modelling in ferrimagnetic spintronics.
Spectrum and thermodynamic properties of two-dimensional N=(1,1) super Yang-Mills theory with fundamental matter and a Chern-Simons term
Creators: name: Hiller, John R.
name: Pinsky, Stephen
name: Proestos, Yiannis
name: Salwen, Nathan
name: Trittmann, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider N=(1,1) super Yang-Mills theory in 1+1 dimensions with fundamentals at large-N_c. A Chern-Simons term is included to give mass to the adjoint partons. Using the spectrum of the theory, we calculate thermodynamic properties of the system as a function of the temperature and the Yang-Mills coupling. In the large-N_c limit there are two non-communicating sectors, the glueball sector, which we presented previously, and the meson-like sector that we present here. We find that the meson-like sector dominates the thermodynamics. Like the glueball sector, the meson sector has a Hagedorn temperature T_H, and we show that the Hagedorn temperature grows with the coupling. We calculate the temperature and coupling dependence of the free energy for temperatures below T_H. As expected, the free energy for weak coupling and low temperature grows quadratically with the temperature. Also the ratio of the free energies at strong coupling compared to weak coupling, r_{s-w}, for low temperatures grows quadratically with T. In addition, our data suggest that r_{s-w} tends to zero in the continuum limit at low temperatures.
description: 34 pp
An Ambient Intelligence-Based Human Behavior Monitoring Framework for Ubiquitous Environments
Creators: name: Thakur, Nirmalya
name: Han, Chia Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5; I.2; I.6; J.4; H.5

description: This framework for human behavior monitoring aims to take a holistic approach to study, track, monitor, and analyze human behavior during activities of daily living (ADLs). The framework consists of two novel functionalities. First, it can perform the semantic analysis of user interactions on the diverse contextual parameters during ADLs to identify a list of distinct behavioral patterns associated with different complex activities. Second, it consists of an intelligent decision-making algorithm that can analyze these behavioral patterns and their relationships with the dynamic contextual and spatial features of the environment to detect any anomalies in user behavior that could constitute an emergency. These functionalities of this interdisciplinary framework were developed by integrating the latest advancements and technologies in human-computer interaction, machine learning, Internet of Things, pattern recognition, and ubiquitous computing. The framework was evaluated on a dataset of ADLs, and the performance accuracies of these two functionalities were found to be 76.71% and 83.87%, respectively. The presented and discussed results uphold the relevance and immense potential of this framework to contribute towards improving the quality of life and assisted living of the aging population in the future of Internet of Things (IoT)-based ubiquitous living environments, e.g., smart homes.
inclusiveAI: A machine learning representation of the $F_2$ structure function over all charted $Q^2$ and $x$ range
Creators: name: Brown, S.
name: Niculescu, G.
name: Niculescu, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structure function data provide insight into the nucleon quark distribution. They are relatively straightforward to extract from the world's vast, and growing, amount of inclusive lepto-production data. In turn, structure functions can be used to model the physical processes needed for planning and optimizing future experiments. In this paper a machine learning algorithm capable of predicting, using a unique set of parameters, the $F_2$ structure function, for four-momentum transfer $0.055 \leq Q^2 \leq 800.0$ GeV$^2$ and for Bjorken $x$ from $2.8 \times 10^{-5}$ to the pion threshold is presented. The model was trained and reproduces the hydrogen and the deuterium data at the 7~\% level, comparable with the average uncertainty of the experimental data. Extending the model to other nuclei or expanding the kinematic range are straightforward. The model is at least ten times faster than existing structure functions parameterizations, making it an ideal candidate for event generators and systematic studies.
Defining and Estimating Intervention Effects for Groups that will Develop an Auxiliary Outcome
Creators: name: Joffe, Marshall M.
name: Small, Dylan
name: Hsu, Chi-Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It has recently become popular to define treatment effects for subsets of the target population characterized by variables not observable at the time a treatment decision is made. Characterizing and estimating such treatment effects is tricky; the most popular but naive approach inappropriately adjusts for variables affected by treatment and so is biased. We consider several appropriate ways to formalize the effects: principal stratification, stratification on a single potential auxiliary variable, stratification on an observed auxiliary variable and stratification on expected levels of auxiliary variables. We then outline identifying assumptions for each type of estimand. We evaluate the utility of these estimands and estimation procedures for decision making and understanding causal processes, contrasting them with the concepts of direct and indirect effects. We motivate our development with examples from nephrology and cancer screening, and use simulated data and real data on cancer screening to illustrate the estimation methods.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/088342306000000655 in the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 1 of Morphologic Analysis of Condyle among Different Disc Status in the Temporomandibular Joints by Three-dimensional Reconstructive Imaging: A Preliminary Study
Creators: name: Li, Chen-xi
name: Liu, Xu
name: Gong, Zhong-cheng
name: Jumatai, Sakendeke
name: Ling, Bin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Conditions that may mimic temporomandibular disc displacement without reduction.
Η λογική της ύπαρξης στον κινηματογράφο του Lars von Trier και του Wim Wenders (Dancer in the Dark και Wings of Desire)
Creators: name: Κολοκυθά, Μαγδαληνή Ζαχαρία
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Κινηματογράφος
subject: Φιλοσοφία
subject: Υπαρξισμός
subject: Cinema
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Existentialism

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία προσεγγίζεται το ζήτημα της ύπαρξης μέσα από δύο ταινίες του ευρωπαϊκού κινηματογράφου, το Dancer in the Dark (2000) του Lars von Trier και το Wings of Desire (1987) του Wim Wenders. Αρχικά, παρουσιάζονται η ιστορική πορεία της φιλοσοφικής και αισθητικής σκέψης μεταξύ της φιλοσοφίας και του κινηματογράφου και οι απόψεις στοχαστών πάνω στο χώρο της Οντολογίας του Κινηματογράφου (π.χ. Gilles Deleuze κ.α.), στοιχεία τα οποία αποτελούν εργαλεία της έρευνας. Στη συνέχεια, μέσω της κινηματογραφικής ανάλυσης της ταινίας Dancer in the Dark επιχειρείται η σύνδεση του κινηματογραφικού βλέμματος και της σκέψης του σκηνοθέτη Trier με τη φιλοσοφική θεωρία του Soren Kierkegaard σχετικά με τις τρεις σφαίρες της ανθρώπινης ύπαρξης. Ακολούθως, με τον ίδιο τρόπο προσεγγίζονται οι υπαρξιακές αναζητήσεις του δημιουργού Wenders και ο προβληματισμός του σχετικά με το ζήτημα της μεταφυσικής του έρωτα στην ταινία Wings of Desire με σκοπό να συσχετιστούν με τη φιλοσοφική θεωρία του πλατωνικού έρωτα έτσι όπως αναπτύσσεται στα έργα Φαίδρος και Συμπόσιον. Το αποτέλεσμα της έρευνας είναι ένα φιλοσοφικό - υπαρξιακό ταξίδι στο χώρο του κινηματογράφου.
description: Τhe present study approaches the philosophy of the existence through two films of the European cinema, Dancer in the Dark (2000) by Lars von Trier and Wings of Desire (1987) by Wim Wenders. At the beginning, elements of research are presented, such as the history of philosophical and aesthetical thoughts between philosophy and cinema and opinions of theorists about the Ontology of Film / Cinema (e.g. Gilles Deleuze etc). Then, through the analysis of the film Dancer in the Dark there is an effort to create a conceptual juxtaposition between the philosophical theory of Soren Kierkegaard regarding the three spheres of human existence and the image-thinking of Danish filmmaker Lars von Trier. Subsequently, in the same way we attempt to approach the existential requests of Wenders’ and the question of metaphysics of love in Wings of Desire in order to associate them with the philosophical theory of Platonic love as developed in Phaedrus and Symposium. The result of the research is a philosophical - existential journey of cinema.
Refining the E+A Galaxy: A Spatially Resolved Spectrophotometric Sample of Nearby Post-starburst Systems in SDSS-IV MaNGA (MPL-5)
Creators: name: Greene, Olivia A.
name: Anderson, Miguel R.
name: Marinelli, Mariarosa
name: Holley-Bockelmann, Kelly
name: Campbell, Lauren E. P.
name: Liu, Charles T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Post-starburst galaxies are crucial to disentangling the effect of star formation and quenching on galaxy demographics. They comprise, however, a heterogeneous population of objects, described in numerous ways. To obtain a well-defined and uncontaminated sample, we take advantage of spatially resolved spectroscopy to construct an unambiguous sample of E + A galaxies - post-starburst systems with no observed ongoing star formation. Using data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) Survey, in the fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV), we have identified 30 E + A galaxies that lie within the green valley of color-stellar mass space. We first identified E + A candidates by their central, single-fiber spectra and (u-r) color from SDSS DR15, and then further required each galaxy to exhibit E + A properties throughout the entirety of the system to three effective radii. We describe our selection criteria in detail, note common pitfalls in E + A identification, and introduce the basic characteristics of the sample. We will use this E + A sample, which has been assembled with stringent criteria and thus re-establishes a well-defined subpopulation within the broader category of post-starburst galaxies, to study the evolution of galaxies and their stellar populations in the time just after star formation within them is fully quenched.
description: 11 pages, 2 tables, 8 figures and a complete sample appendix
Multi-Pion States in Lattice QCD and the Charged-Pion Condensate
Creators: name: Detmold, William
name: Savage, Martin J.
name: Torok, Aaron
name: Beane, Silas R.
name: Luu, Thomas C.
name: Orginos, Kostas
name: Parreno, Assumpta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground-state energies of systems containing up to twelve $π^+$'s in a spatial volume V ~ (2.5 fm)^3 are computed in dynamical, mixed-action lattice QCD at a lattice spacing of ~ 0.125 fm for four different values of the light quark masses. Clean signals are seen for each ground state, allowing for a precise extraction of both the $π^+π^+$ scattering length and $π^+π^+π^+$-interaction from a correlated analysis of systems containing different numbers of $π^+$'s. This extraction of the $π^+π^+$ scattering length is consistent with than that from the $π^+π^+$-system alone. The large number of systems studied here significantly strengthens the arguments presented in our earlier work and unambiguously demonstrates the presence of a low energy $π^+π^+π^+$-interaction. The equation of state of a $π^+$ gas is investigated using our numerical results and the density dependence of the isospin chemical potential for these systems agrees well with the theoretical expectations of leading order chiral perturbation theory. The chemical potential is found to receive a substantial contribution from the $π^+π^+π^+$-interaction at the lighter pion masses. An important technical aspect of this work is the demonstration of the necessity of performing propagator contractions in greater than double precision to extract the correct results.
description: 38 pages, 20 figures
The relationship of automaticity, metacognition, and working memory in normal and learning disabled readers
Creators: name: Alexander, Joy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this study 40 disabled and 40 non-disabled readers were selected in equal numbers from grade three and grade six and compared on 26 variables which have been shown to play significant roles in skilled reading. The variables were grouped into three processing tasks: automaticity, metacognition and working memory. One purpose of this study was to compare learning disabled and non-disabled readers ' performance on these tasks. The general findings were that the two groups (both age and ability) differed significantly on all three processing tasks. It was also the purpose of this study to compare the intercorrelational patterns of learning disabled and non-disabled youngsters on these three processes. In interpreting this relationship, two competing frameworks were compared: the modularity and the general resource models. The results indicate a significant relationship between automaticity, working memory and metacognition for the total sample and both the LD and non-disabled group. The intercorrelational pattern was qualified, however, when vocabulary was partialled out in the analysis. Although strong intercorrelation patterns occurred for the total sample the relationship between working memory and automaticity was weakened within ability groups. Both working memory and automaticity maintained a significant correlation with reading. Results provide support for the notion that a general working memory is related to reading ability, as well as the fact that automatic processes operate as encapsulated operations only when word knowledge is partialled out in the analysis. Overall, the results suggest that a general resource system plays a major role in accounting for ability group differences.
The MACH HI absorption survey I: Physical conditions of cold atomic gas outside of the Galactic plane
Creators: name: Murray, Claire E.
name: Stanimirović, Snežana
name: Heiles, Carl
name: Dickey, John M.
name: McClure-Griffiths, N. M.
name: Lee, M. -Y.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Killerby-Smith, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tracing the transition between the diffuse atomic interstellar medium (ISM) and cold, dense gas is crucial for deciphering the star formation cycle in galaxies. Here we present MACH, a new survey of cold neutral hydrogen (HI) absorption at $21\rm\,cm$ by the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. We target 42 bright background sources with $600.001$ are ubiquitous ($c\sim100\%$), whereas high optical depths ($τ>1$) are extremely rare ($c\sim0\%$).
description: 33 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJS
Efficient and quantitative phase field simulations of polycrystalline solidification using a vector order parameter
Creators: name: Pinomaa, Tatu
name: Ofori-Opoku, Nana
name: Laukkanen, Anssi
name: Provatas, Nikolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A vector order parameter phase field model derived from a grand potential functional is presented as a new approach for modeling polycrystalline solidification of alloys. In this approach, the grand potential density is designed to contain a discrete set of finite wells, a feature that naturally allows for the growth and controlled interaction of multiple grains using a single vector field. We verify that dendritic solidification in binary alloys follows the well-established quantitative behavior in the thin interface limit. In addition, it is shown that grain boundary energy and solute back-diffusion are quantitatively consistent with earlier theoretical work, with grain boundary energy being controlled through a simple solid-solid interaction parameter. Moreover, when considering polycrystalline aggregates and their coarsening, we show that the kinetics follow the expected parabolic growth law. Finally, we demonstrate how this new vector order parameter model can be used to describe nucleation in polycrystalline systems via thermal fluctuations of the vector order parameter, a feature which has been thus far lacking from multi-phase or multi-order parameter based phase field models. The presented vector order parameter model serves as a practical and efficient computational tool for simulating polycrystalline materials. We also discuss the extension of the order parameter to higher dimensions as a simple method for modeling multiple solid phases.
Study of the Fast X-Ray Transient XTE J1901+014 Based on INTEGRAL, RXTE and ROSAT Data
Creators: name: Karasev, D. I.
name: Lutovinov, A. A.
name: Grebenev, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The source XTE J1901+014 discovered by the RXTE observatory during an intense outburst of hard radiation and classified as a fast X-ray transient is studied. The source's spectral characteristics in the quiescent state have been investigated for the first time both in the soft X-ray energy range (0.6-20 keV) based on ROSAT and RXTE data and in the hard energy range (>20 keV) based on INTEGRAL data. A timing analysis of the source's properties has revealed weak nonperiodic bursts of activity on time scales of several tens of seconds and two intense ($\sim$0.5-1 Crab) outbursts more than several hundred seconds in duration. Certain assumptions about the nature of the object under study are made.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Atomic Force Extrema Induced by the Bending of a CO-Functionalized Probe
Creators: name: Néel, Nicolas
name: Kröger, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The control and observation of reactants forming a chemical bond at the single-molecule level is a longstanding challenge in quantum physics and chemistry. Using a single CO molecule adsorbed at the apex of an atomic force microscope tip together with a Cu(111) surface, the molecular bending is induced by torques due to van der Waals attraction and Pauli repulsion. As a result, the vertical force exhibits a characteristic dip-hump evolution with the molecule-surface separation, which depends sensitively on the initial tilt angle the CO axis encloses with the surface normal. The experimental force data are reproduced by model calculations that consider the CO deflection in a harmonic potential and the molecular orientation in the Pauli repulsion term of the Lennard-Jones potential. The presented findings shed new light on vertical-force extrema that can occur in scanning probe experiments with functionalized tips.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures
Orthogonality within the Families of C-, S-, and E-Functions of Any Compact Semisimple Lie Group
Creators: name: Moody, Robert V.
name: Patera, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper is about methods of discrete Fourier analysis in the context of Weyl group symmetry. Three families of class functions are defined on the maximal torus of each compact simply connected semisimple Lie group $G$. Such functions can always be restricted without loss of information to a fundamental region $\check F$ of the affine Weyl group. The members of each family satisfy basic orthogonality relations when integrated over $\check F$ (continuous orthogonality). It is demonstrated that the functions also satisfy discrete orthogonality relations when summed up over a finite grid in $\check F$ (discrete orthogonality), arising as the set of points in $\check F$ representing the conjugacy classes of elements of a finite Abelian subgroup of the maximal torus $\mathbb T$. The characters of the centre $Z$ of the Lie group allow one to split functions $f$ on $\check F$ into a sum $f=f_1+...+f_c$, where $c$ is the order of $Z$, and where the component functions $f_k$ decompose into the series of $C$-, or $S$-, or $E$-functions from one congruence class only.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
A microlensing search of 700 million VVV light curves
Creators: name: Husseiniova, Andrea
name: McGill, Peter
name: Smith, Leigh C.
name: Evans, N. Wyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) survey and its extension, have been monitoring about 560 square degrees of sky centred on the Galactic bulge and inner disc for nearly a decade. The photometric catalogue contains of order 10$^9$ sources monitored in the K$_s$ band down to 18 mag over hundreds of epochs from 2010-2019. Using these data we develop a decision tree classifier to identify microlensing events. As inputs to the tree, we extract a few physically motivated features as well as simple statistics ensuring a good fit to a microlensing model both on and off the event amplification. This produces a fast and efficient classifier trained on a set of simulated microlensing events and catacylsmic variables, together with flat baseline light curves randomly chosen from the VVV data. The classifier achieves 97 per cent accuracy in identifying simulated microlensing events in a validation set. We run the classifier over the VVV data set and then visually inspect the results, which produces a catalogue of 1,959 microlensing events. For these events, we provide the Einstein radius crossing time via a Bayesian analysis. The spatial dependence on recovery efficiency of our classifier is well characterised, and this allows us to compute spatially resolved completeness maps as a function of Einstein crossing time over the VVV footprint. We compare our approach to previous microlensing searches of the VVV. We highlight the importance of Bayesian fitting to determine the microlensing parameters for events with surveys like VVV with sparse data.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, accepted MNRAS
Merger or Not: Accounting for Human Biases in Identifying Galactic Merger Signatures
Creators: name: Lambrides, Erini
name: Watts, Duncan J.
name: Chiaberge, Marco
name: Tchernyshyov, Kirill
name: Kirkpatrick, Allison
name: Meyer, Eileen T.
name: Heckman, Timothy
name: Simons, Raymond
name: Amram, Oz
name: Hall, Kirsten R.
name: Long, Arianna
name: Norman, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Significant galaxy mergers throughout cosmic time play a fundamental role in theories of galaxy evolution. The widespread usage of human classifiers to visually assess whether galaxies are in merging systems remains a fundamental component of many morphology studies. Studies that employ human classifiers usually construct a control sample, and rely on the assumption that the bias introduced by using humans will be evenly applied to all samples. In this work, we test this assumption and develop methods to correct for it. Using the standard binomial statistical methods employed in many morphology studies, we find that the merger fraction, error, and the significance of the difference between two samples are dependent on the intrinsic merger fraction of any given sample. We propose a method of quantifying merger biases of individual human classifiers and incorporate these biases into a full probabilistic model to determine the merger fraction and the probability of an individual galaxy being in a merger. Using 14 simulated human responses and accuracies, we are able to correctly label a galaxy as ''merger'' or ''isolated'' to within 1\% of the truth. Using 14 real human responses on a set of realistic mock galaxy simulation snapshots our model is able to recover the pre-coalesced merger fraction to within 10\%. Our method can not only increase the accuracy of studies probing the merger state of galaxies at cosmic noon, but also can be used to construct more accurate training sets in machine learning studies that use human classified data-sets.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, https://github.com/elambrid/merger_or_not
Implications of WMAP 3 Year Data for the Sources of Reionization
Creators: name: Alvarez, Marcelo A.
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
name: Ahn, Kyungjin
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New results on the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and its polarization based on the first 3 years of data from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) have revised the electron scattering optical depth downward from tau_es=0.17+0.08-0.07 to tau_es=0.09+/-0.03. This implies a shift of the effective reionization redshift from z_r~17 to z_r~11. Previous attempts to explain the high redshift of reionization inferred from the WMAP 1 year data have led to widespread speculation that the sources of reionization must have been much more efficient than those associated with the star formation observed at low redshift. This is consistent, for example, with the suggestion that early star formation involved massive, Population III stars that early on produced most of the ionizing radiation escaping from halos. It is therefore tempting to interpret the new WMAP results as implying that we can now relax those previous high demands on the efficiency of the sources of reionization and perhaps even turn the argument around as evidence against such high efficiency. We show that this is not the case, however. The new WMAP results also find that the primordial density fluctuation power spectrum has a lower amplitude, sigma_8, and departs substantially from the scale-invariant spectrum. We show that these effects combine to cancel the impact of the later reionization implied by the new value of tau_es on the required ionizing efficiency per collapsed baryon. The delay of reionization is surprisingly well matched by a comparable delay (by a factor of ~1.4 in scale factor) in the formation of the halos responsible for reionization.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Published in ApJ Letters, revised to match published version
Observation of inertial energy cascade in interplanetary space plasma
Creators: name: Sorriso-Valvo, Luca
name: Marino, Raffaele
name: Carbone, Vincenzo
name: Lepreti, Fabio
name: Veltri, Pierluigi
name: Noullez, Alain
name: Bruno, Roberto
name: Bavassano, Bruno
name: Pietropaolo, Ermanno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show in this article direct evidence for the presence of an inertial energy cascade, the most characteristic signature of hydromagnetic turbulence (MHD), in the solar wind as observed by the Ulysses spacecraft. After a brief rederivation of the equivalent of Yaglom's law for MHD turbulence, we show that a linear relation is indeed observed for the scaling of mixed third order structure functions involving Elsässer variables. This experimental result, confirming the prescription stemming from a theorem for MHD turbulence, firmly establishes the turbulent character of low-frequency velocity and magnetic field fluctuations in the solar wind plasma.
Respiration of sandy Baltic Sea sediments
Creators: name: Schade, Hanna
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 570 Life science

description: Changes in oxygen uptake due to advective as opposed to diffusive processes were investigated as a function of permeability. Investigations took place in the laboratory and in a study area in the Baltic Sea. Sandy sediments in this area are less influenced by advection than originally thought, but the oxygen uptake can be increased. In order to be able to differentiate oxygen uptake rates, a formula for a common bivalve species (Mya arenaria) was developed. Based on this, respiration rates for this species can now be calculated in relation to the respective length of the individuals.
Anomalous k-dependent spin splitting in wurtzite AlxGa1-xN/GaN heterostructures
Creators: name: Lo, Ikai
name: Gau, M. H.
name: Tsai, J. K.
name: Chen, Y. L.
name: Chang, Z. J.
name: Wang, W. T.
name: Chiang, J. C.
name: Aggerstam, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have confirmed the k-dependent spin splitting in wurtzite AlxGa1-xN/GaN heterostructures. Anomalous beating pattern in Shubnikov-de Haas measurements arises from the interference of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions. The dominant mechanism for the k-dependent spin splitting at high values of k is attributed to Dresselhaus term which is enhanced by the Delta C1-Delta C3 coupling of wurtzite band folding effect.
Small group elicitation session on possessive pronouns
Creators: name: Massoma, Achille
name: Borchardt, Nadine
name: Lionnet, Florian
name: Hyman, Larry M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: abb

description: Singular and plural demonstratives with 'pot', 'arm', 'bone', 'knife', 'tree', 'bird', 'leaf', 'snail', 'man', 'woman', 'root', 'bean', 'nut', 'day', 'meat', 'eye', 'mother', 'market', 'leg/foot', 'name/nose', and 'spear'. Words for 'left'/'right' with 'leg' and 'arm'. Brief text in the recording of 'mother'. How you start a story in the recording of 'day'.
D7.3 Benchmark comparison report
Creators: name: MARBEL partners
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The objective of this work was to analyze advancements in EV battery technology (2019-2024), aligning with MARBEL's innovations in modularity, weight reduction, and sustainability. From 2019 (Audi e-tron) to 2024 models (e.g., BYD Tang EV), significant improvements in weight-to-capacity ratios, range, and integration methods are evident. Emerging 2024 technologies prioritize integration, modularity (e.g., Cell-to-Pack design). From the Marbel project main innovation the future trend of battery cells which may be adopted by the Marbel concept were spotted.
description: MARBEL project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 963540
Baryogenesis via Leptogenesis in an inhomogeneous universe
Creators: name: Kartavtsev, A.
name: Besak, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of primordial perturbations of the energy density and space--time metric on the generation of the lepton and baryon asymmetries. In the weak and strong washout regimes baryon isocurvature perturbations with amplitudes of the same order as those of the CMB perturbations are generated on scales of order of the respective Hubble scale. They are, however, completely washed out by baryon and photon diffusion at the later stages of the universe's evolution.
description: 8 pages
Επίκτητος: Λογική, Θεολογία, Ελευθερία
Creators: name: Βασιλειάδης, Σάββας Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2016
Subjects: Επίκτητος
Λογική
Ελευθερία
Epictetus
Logic
Freedom

description: Αντικείμενο της εργασίας αποτελεί η μελέτη και η ανάπτυξη ορισμένων πτυχών της φιλοσοφικής σκέψης του Επίκτητου, συγκριτικά με τους προγενέστερους Στωικούς φιλοσόφους. Συγκεκριμένα εξετάζονται ζητήματα λογικής, θεολογίας και ηθικής. Επίκεντρο της σκέψης του Επίκτητου είναι ο άνθρωπος, λόγω και της έμφασης που δίνει στην ηθική η Στοά. Σκοπός του ανθρώπου είναι η ελευθερία και η ευτυχία που μπορούν να επιτευχθούν μόνο μέσω της Λογικής, της αυτονομίας του νου και της προαιρέσεως. Η άσκηση στη φιλοσοφία είναι απαραίτητη, προκειμένου να φθάσει ο άνθρωπος στο επίπεδο εκείνο που θα γνωρίζει τα πράγματα που εξαρτώνται από τον ίδιο. Αποκτώντας αυτή τη γνώση, το άτομο ελευθερώνεται και επαναφέρει τη ζωή του στην κανονικότητα όπως την όρισε η Φύση. Σημαντικό ρόλο στα παραπάνω έχει και η θεολογία που πλέον αποκτά διαφορετική σημασία: το άτομο δεν φοβάται πλέον τον θεό, διότι ο νους του είναι το θεϊκό μερίδιο μέσω του οποίου μπορεί να φθάσει τον θεό. Τέλος, χρειάζεται να επισημανθεί πως η ελευθερία που προκρίνει ο Επίκτητος είναι η ηθική, η ψυχολογική, η πνευματική και όχι η πολιτική ή κοινωνική.
description: Subject of the thesis is the study and the development of certain aspects of the philosophical thought of Epictetus, compared with the previous Stoic philosophers. Specifically, logic issues, theology and freedom are tested. The focus of epictitian thought is man, because of the emphasis on ethics that Stoa provided. The purpose of man is freedom and happiness that can only be achieved through Logic, mind’s autonomy and proairesis. The exercise in philosophy is needed in order for the man to reach on that level during which he can acknowledge the things that depend on him. Obtaining this knowledge, the person is liberated and capable of restoring his life back to the normality as set by Nature. Important role to the above is theology which adopts a new meaning: a man no longer fears God, because his mind is the divine portion through which he reaches God. Finally, it needs to be noted that the freedom that favors Epictetus is the moral, psychological, spiritual and not political or social one.
Convolutional neural network-assisted recognition of nanoscale L12 ordered structures in face-centred cubic alloys
Creators: name: Li, Yue
name: Zhou, Xuyang
name: Colnaghi, Timoteo
name: Wei, Ye
name: Marek, Andreas
name: Li, Hongxiang
name: Bauer, Stefan
name: Rampp, Markus
name: Stephenson, Leigh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoscale L12-type ordered structures are widely used in face-centred cubic (FCC) alloys to exploit their hardening capacity and thereby improve mechanical properties. These fine-scale particles are typically fully coherent with matrix with the same atomic configuration disregarding chemical species, which makes them challenging to be characterized. Spatial distribution maps (SDMs) are used to probe local order by interrogating the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of atoms within reconstructed atom probe tomography (APT) data. However, it is almost impossible to manually analyse the complete point cloud ($>10$ million) in search for the partial crystallographic information retained within the data. Here, we proposed an intelligent L12-ordered structure recognition method based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The SDMs of a simulated L12-ordered structure and the FCC matrix were firstly generated. These simulated images combined with a small amount of experimental data were used to train a CNN-based L12-ordered structure recognition model. Finally, the approach was successfully applied to reveal the 3D distribution of L12-type $δ^\prime$-Al3(LiMg) nanoparticles with an average radius of 2.54 nm in a FCC Al-Li-Mg system. The minimum radius of detectable nanodomain is even down to 5 Å. The proposed CNN-APT method is promising to be extended to recognize other nanoscale ordered structures and even more-challenging short-range ordered phenomena in the near future.
description: 41 pages, 7 figures, 5 supplementary figures
Small group elicitation session on modifier combinations
Creators: name: Massoma, Achille
name: Borchardt, Nadine
name: Hyman, Larry M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: abb

description: 1st person singular/plural: possessive for 'host' and 'mother'; possessive for 'bag' and 'leg'; possessive for 'egg' and 'ear'; possessive for 'pot' and 'animal'; possessive for 'animal' and 'snail'; possessive for 'name' and 'nose'; possessive for 'eye'; possessive for 'woman'; possessive paradigm for 'child'; 1st person singular/plural possessive for 'friend'.
5D Attractors with Higher Derivatives
Creators: name: Castro, Alejandra
name: Davis, Joshua L.
name: Kraus, Per
name: Larsen, Finn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze higher derivative corrections to attractor geometries in five dimensions. We find corrected AdS_3xS^2 geometries by solving the equations of motion coming from a recently constructed four-derivative supergravity action in five dimensions. The result allows us to explicitly verify a previous anomaly based derivation of the AdS_3 central charges of this theory. Also, by dimensional reduction we compare our results with those of the 4D higher derivative attractor, and find complete agreement.
description: 18 pages, harvmac
D5.3 Recycled aluminium and manufacturing procedure
Creators: name: MARBEL partners
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This deliverable includes:

The information about the investigation in the production of the recycled aluminium alloys.

The information regarding the production of the billets to characteriza and analyse different aluminium profiles.

The characterization of the profiles (% of the recycled aluminium, % of different impurities in the alloys).

Manufacturing procedures to produce profiles and billets.

Mechanical properties of the profiles according to the final alloy and its characteristics.
description: MARBEL project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 963540
Nonequilibrium Relaxations and Aging Effects in a Two-Dimensional Coulomb Glass
Creators: name: Jaroszynski, J.
name: Popovic, Dragana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relaxations of conductivity have been studied in the glassy regime of a strongly disordered two-dimensional electron system in Si after a temporary change of carrier density during the waiting time t_w. Two types of response have been observed: a) monotonic, where relaxations exhibit aging, i.e. dependence on history, determined by t_w and temperature; b) nonmonotonic, where a memory of the sample history is lost. The conditions that separate the two regimes have been also determined.
description: 4 pages; published versioin