cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmic Ray Rejection and Readout Efficiency for Large-Area Arrays
Creators: name: Fixsen, D. J.
name: Offenberg, J. D.
name: Hanisch, R. J.
name: Mather, J. C.
name: Nieto-Santisteban, M. A.
name: Sengupta, R.
name: Stockman, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm to optimally process uniformly sampled array image data obtained with a nondestructive readout. The algorithm discards full wells, removes cosmic ray (particle) hits and other glitches, and makes a nearly optimum estimate of the signal on each pixel. The algorithm also compresses the data. The computer requirements are modest, and the results are robust. The results are shown and compared to results of Fowler sampled and processed data. Non-ideal detector performance may require some additional code, but this is not expected to cost much processing time. Known types of detector faults are addressed.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in the PASP
Diffusion Tensor Imaging: Structural adaptive smoothing
Creators: name: Tabelow, Karsten
name: Polzehl, Jörg
name: Spokoiny, Vladimir
name: Voss, Henning U.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: diffusion tensor imaging
subject: structural adaptive smoothing
subject: 62P10
subject: 92C55
subject: 62G05

description: Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) data is characterized by a high noise level. Thus, estimation errors of quantities like anisotropy indices or the main diffusion direction used for fiber tracking are relatively large and may significantly confound the accuracy of DTI in clinical or neuroscience applications. Besides pulse sequence optimization, noise reduction by smoothing the data can be pursued as a complementary approach to increase the accuracy of DTI. Here, we suggest an anisotropic structural adaptive smoothing procedure, which is based on the Propagation-Separation method and preserves the structures seen in DTI and their different sizes and shapes. It is applied to artificial phantom data and a brain scan. We show that this method significantly improves the quality of the estimate of the diffusion tensor and hence enables one either to reduce the number of scans or to enhance the input for subsequent analysis such as fiber tracking.
Indexing and Fast Near-Matching of Billions of Astronomical Objects
Creators: name: Fu, Bin
name: Fink, Eugene
name: Gibson, Garth
name: Carbonell, Jaime G.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When astronomers analyze sky images, they need to identify the newly observed celestial objects in the catalog of known objects. We have developed a technique for indexing catalogs, which supports fast retrieval of closely matching catalog objects for every object in new images. It allows processing of a sky image in less than a second, and it scales to catalogs with billions of objects.
Hydrodynamical Description of 200 A GeV/c S+Au Collisions: Hadron and Electromagnetic Spectra
Creators: name: Sollfrank, Josef
name: Huovinen, Pasi
name: Kataja, Markku
name: Ruuskanen, P. V.
name: Prakash, Madappa
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study relativistic S+Au collisions at 200 A GeV/c using a hydrodynamical approach. We test various equations of state (EOSs), which are used to describe the strongly interacting matter at densities attainable in the CERN-SPS heavy ion experiments. For each EOS, suitable initial conditions can be determined to reproduce the experimental hadron spectra; this emphasizes the ambiguity between the initial conditions and the EOS in such an approach. Simultaneously, we calculate the resulting thermal photon and dielectron spectra, and compare with experiments. If one allows the excitation of resonance states with increasing temperature, the electro-magnetic signals from scenarios with and without phase transition are very similar and are not resolvable within the current experimental resolution. With regard to the CERES dilepton data, none of the EOSs considered, in conjunction with the standard leading order dilepton rates, succeed in reproducing the observed excess of dileptons below the rho peak. Our work, however, suggests that an improved measurement of the photon and dilepton spectra has the potential to strongly constrain the EOS.
description: Uses REVTeX, 48 pages, 13 Postscript figures
Solid Friction from stick-slip to pinning and aging
Creators: name: Baumberger, Tristan
name: Caroli, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the present state of understanding of solid friction at low velocities and for systems with negligibly small wear effects. We first analyze in detail the behavior of friction at interfaces between wacroscopic hard rough solids, whose main dynamical features are well described by the Rice-Ruina rate and state dependent constitutive law. We show that it results from two combined effects : (i) the threshold rheology of nanometer-thick junctions jammed under confinement into a soft glassy structure (ii) geometric aging, i.e. slow growth of the real arrea of contact via asperity creep interrupted by sliding. Closer analysis leads to identifying a second aging-rejuvenation process, at work within the junctions themselves. We compare the effects of structural aging at such multicontact, very highly confined, interfaces with those met under different confinement levels, namely boundary lubricated contacts and extended adhesive interfaces involving soft materials (hydrogels, elastomers). This leads us to propose a classification of frictional junctions in terms of the relative importance of jamming and adsoprtion-induced metastability.
description: 28 pages
Bose-Einstein condensation of magnons and spin superfluidity in the polar phase of $^3$He
Creators: name: Autti, S.
name: Dmitriev, V. V.
name: Mäkinen, J. T.
name: Rysti, J.
name: Soldatov, A. A.
name: Volovik, G. E.
name: Yudin, A. N.
name: Eltsov, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polar phase of $^3$He, which is topological spin-triplet superfluid with the Dirac nodal line in the spectrum of Bogolubov quasiparticles, has been recently stabilized in a nanoconfined geometry. We pump magnetic excitations (magnons) into the sample of polar phase and observe how they form a Bose-Einstein condensate, revealed by coherent precession of the magnetization of the sample. Spin superfluidity, which supports this coherence, is associated with the spontaneous breaking of U(1) symmetry by the phase of precession. We observe the corresponding Nambu-Goldstone boson and measure its mass emerging when applied rf field violates the U(1) symmetry explicitly. We suggest that the magnon BEC in the polar phase is a powerful probe for topological objects such as vortices and solitons and topological nodes in the fermionic spectrum.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Slow motion of quasi-stationary multi-pulse solutions by semistrong interaction in reaction-diffusion systems
Creators: name: Wolfrum, Matthias
name: Ehrt, Julia
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Pulse interaction
subject: singular perturbation theory
subject: 35B25
subject: 34C30
subject: 35K57

description: In this paper, we study a class of singularly perturbed reaction-diffusion systems, which exhibit under certain conditions slowly varying multi-pulse solutions. This class contains among others the Gray-Scott and several versions of the Gierer-Meinhardt model. We first use a classical singular perturbation approach for the stationary problem and determine in this way a manifold of quasi-stationary $N$-pulse solutions. Then, in the context of the time-dependent problem, we derive an equation for the leading order approximation of the slow motion along this manifold. We apply this technique to study 1-pulse and 2-pulse solutions for classical and modified Gierer-Meinhardt system. In particular, we are able to treat different types of boundary conditions, calculate folds of the slow manifold, leading to slow-fast motion, and to identify symmetry breaking singularities in the manifold of 2-pulse solutions.
No Hawking-Page phase transition in three dimensions
Creators: name: Myung, Yun Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether or not the Hawking-Page phase transition is possible to occur in three dimensions. Starting with the simplest class of Lanczos-Lovelock action, thermodynamic behavior of all AdS-type black holes without charge falls into two classes: Schwarzschild-AdS black holes in even dimensions and Chern-Simons black holes in odd dimensions. The former class can provide the Hawking-Page transition between Schwarzschild-AdS black holes and thermal AdS space. On the other hand, the latter class is exceptional and thus the Hawking-Page transition is hard to occur. In three dimensions, a second-order phase transition might occur between the non-rotating BTZ black hole and the massless BTZ black hole (thermal AdS space), instead of the first-order Hawking-Page transition between the non-rotating BTZ black hole and thermal AdS space.
description: 10 pages, version to appear in PLB
title: ADCO, Cartulaire des Dominicains de Dijon (1286), Cart. 221 (H 53), 170 folios, f. 0241
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire des Dominicains de Dijon (1286), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 221 (H 53), 170 folios. Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire des Dominicains de Dijon (1286), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 221 (H 53), 170 folios, f. 0241, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7003
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15250518p
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/02643413X/id
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/6453767
Improving Vector Space Word Representations Using Multilingual Correlation
Creators: name: Manaal  Faruqui
name: Dyer, Chris
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The distributional hypothesis of Harris (1954), according to which the meaning of words is evidenced by the contexts they occur in, has motivated several effective techniques for obtaining vector space semantic representations of words using unannotated text corpora. This paper argues that lexico-semantic content should additionally be invariant across languages and proposes a simple technique based on canonical correlation analysis (CCA) for incorporating multilingual evidence into vectors generated monolingually. We evaluate the resulting word representations on standard lexical semantic evaluation tasks and show that our method produces substantially better semantic representations than monolingual techniques.
MOESM1 of Renewable production of high density jet fuel precursor sesquiterpenes from Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Liu, Chun-Li
name: Tian, Tian
name: Alonso-Gutierrez, Jorge
name: Garabedian, Brett
name: Wang, Shuai
name: Baidoo, Edward
name: Benites, Veronica
name: Chen, Yan
name: Petzold, Christopher
name: Adams, Paul
name: Keasling, Jay
name: Tan, Tianwei
name: Lee, Taek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures and supplementary methods. Figure S1: Purification and characterization of sesquiterpene synthases. Figures S2 and S3: 1H and 13C NMR spectrum of biosynthetic epi-isozizaene. Figures S4 and S5: 1H and 13C NMR spectrum of biosynthetic pentalenene. Figure S6: Epi-isozizaene production in E. coli DH1 via the native MEP pathway catalyzed by the epi-isozizaene synthase. Figure S7: The RFP florescence indicating promoter strength. Figure S8: OD600 of E. coli strains for sesquiterpenes production. Figure S9: Metabolite analysis. Figure S10: Targeted proteomic analysis of pathway enzymes.
A Good Long Look at the Black Hole Candidates LMC X-1 and LMC X-3
Creators: name: Nowak, M. A.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Heindl, W. A.
name: Pottschmidt, K.
name: Dove, J. B.
name: Begelman, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from 170ksec long RXTE observations of LMC X-1 and LMC X-3, taken in 1996 December, where their spectra can be described by a disc black body plus an additional soft (Gamma~2.8) high-energy power-law (detected up to 50keV in LMC X-3). These observations, as well as archival ASCA observations, constrain any narrow Fe line present in the spectra to have an equivalent width <90eV, broad lines (~150eV EW, σ~ 1keV) are permitted. We also study the variability of LMC X-1. Its X-ray power spectral density (PSD) is approximately f^{-1} between 10^{-3} and 0.3Hz with a rms variability of ~7%. Above 5keV the PSD shows evidence of a break at f > 0.2Hz, possibly indicating an outer disc radius of ~1000GM/c^2 in this likely wind-fed system. Furthermore, the coherence function between variability in the > 5keV band and variablity in the lower energy bands is extremely low. We discuss the implications of these observations for the mechanisms.
description: MNRAS, in press, clearified discussion, esp. on Fe line
title: Digital Verification and its Discontents: Investigating Tear Gas Abuse in a Digital Age
Creators: name: Lyndon, Rebekah
name: Nyarko, Michael Gyan
Publisher: name: National Centre for Research Methods
Year: 2022

description: In this contribution, Lyndon and Nyarko highlight the processes involved in verifying relevant material in open source investigations. Focusing on the worldwide abuse of tear gas – used by authorities as a so-called “less-lethal” weapon – the authors also outline some of the pitfalls and ethical concerns faced by researchers. Beyond the promising approaches offered by digital verification techniques, Lyndon and Nyarko advise that we recognise and carefully negotiate the tensions involved in order to attain a higher standard of digital ethics.
“IT STARTED OUT LIKE A SONG”: PRESERVING SECONDARY SCHOOL ARTS PROGRAMS FOR STUDENT IDENTITY, GROWTH, AND DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Sabol, Chris John
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 360303
subject: Music education
classificationCode: 360403
subject: Drama, theatre and performance studies
classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: The performing arts, an integral part to student identity development, are not prioritized in secondary schools due to the emphasis on college and career readiness, causing these programs to diminish. Education policy over the last forty years has stifled creativity in classrooms. This is due to initiatives geared towards standardization, competition, and an emphasis on Advanced Placement and STEM. Arts Educators have been sounding the alarm on the decline of their programs since the introduction of A Nation at Risk, and their concerns have been ignored. The introduction of a competition-based education system has created a hierarchy of subjects in secondary school spaces, leaving arts educators feeling diminished and rejected. This dissertation of practice aims to discuss a different approach to why the arts are important in secondary spaces, and uplift voices of marginalized performing arts students to fight back against the systemic oppression of these courses. In a system that prioritizes standardized tests, AP course offerings, and STEM academies, this serves as a counter-narrative to why the arts need to have more support in secondary schools.
Analysis of Delta I =2 staggering in nuclear rotational spectra
Creators: name: Hara, K.
name: Lalazissis, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is proposed and tested for the analysis of Delta I=2 staggering observed in nuclear rotational bands. We examine six super- and hyper-deformed bands, among which that of 149Gd and possibly of 147Gd seem to exhibit real staggering. However, we emphasize that the presence of staggering may not necessarily imply the occurrence of bifurcation. It is also shown that a similar staggering seen in normally deformed bands is a manifestation of band crossings. A more extensive analysis is planned.
description: 15 pages, Revtex, 15 figures (available upon request at khara@physik.tu-muenchen.de)
Improving Language-Universal Feature Extraction with Deep Maxout and Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Yajie  Miao
name: Metze, Florian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When deployed in automated speech recognition (ASR), deep neural networks (DNNs) can be treated as a complex feature extractor plus a simple linear classifier. Previous work has investigated the utility of multilingual DNNs acting as language-universal feature extractors (LUFEs). In this paper, we explore different strategies to further improve LUFEs. First, we replace the standard sigmoid nonlinearity with the recently proposed maxout units. The resulting maxout LUFEs have the nice property of generating sparse feature representations. Second, the convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture is applied to obtain more invariant feature space. We evaluate the performance of LUFEs on a cross-language ASR task. Each of the proposed techniques results in word error rate reduction compared with the existing DNN-based LUFEs. Combining the two methods together brings additional improvement on the target language.
Nanoscale diffractive probing of strain dynamics in ultrafast transmission electron microscopy
Creators: name: Feist, Armin
name: da Silva, Nara Rubiano
name: Liang, Wenxi
name: Ropers, Claus
name: Schäfer, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The control of optically driven high-frequency strain waves in nanostructured systems is an essential ingredient for the further development of nanophononics. However, broadly applicable experimental means to quantitatively map such structural distortion on their intrinsic ultrafast time and nanometer length scales are still lacking. Here, we introduce ultrafast convergent beam electron diffraction (U-CBED) with a nanoscale probe beam for the quantitative retrieval of the time-dependent local distortion tensor. We demonstrate its capabilities by investigating the ultrafast acoustic deformations close to the edge of a single-crystalline graphite membrane. Tracking the structural distortion with a 28-nm/700-fs spatio-temporal resolution, we observe an acoustic membrane breathing mode with spatially modulated amplitude, governed by the optical near field structure at the membrane edge. Furthermore, an in-plane polarized acoustic shock wave is launched at the membrane edge, which triggers secondary acoustic shear waves with a pronounced spatio-temporal dependency. The experimental findings are compared to numerical acoustic wave simulations in the continuous medium limit, highlighting the importance of microscopic dissipation mechanisms and ballistic transport channels.
Regularization of state-constrained elliptic optimal control problems with nonlocal radiation interface conditions
Creators: name: Meyer, Christian
name: Yousept, Irwin
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nonlinear optimal control
subject: nonlocal radiation interface conditions
subject: state constraints
subject: first-order necessary conditions
subject: second-order sufficient conditions
subject: Moreau-Yosida approximation
subject: 35J60
subject: 49K20
subject: 49M05
subject: 65K10

description: A state-constrained optimal control problem with nonlocal radiation interface conditions arising from the modeling of crystal growth processes is considered. The problem is approximated by a Moreau-Yosida type regularization. Optimality conditions for the regularized problem are derived and the convergence of the regularized problems is shown. In the last part of the paper, some numerical results are presented.
Constructions for orthogonal designs using signed group orthogonal designs
Creators: name: Ghaderpour, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Craigen introduced and studied signed group Hadamard matrices extensively and eventually provided an asymptotic existence result for Hadamard matrices. Following his lead, Ghaderpour introduced signed group orthogonal designs and showed an asymptotic existence result for orthogonal designs and consequently Hadamard matrices. In this paper, we construct some interesting families of orthogonal designs using signed group orthogonal designs to show the capability of signed group orthogonal designs in generation of different types of orthogonal designs.
description: To appear in Discrete Mathematics (Elsevier). No figures
Computing likelihoods for coalescents with multiple collisions in the infinitely-many-sites model
Creators: name: Birkner, Matthias
name: Blath, Jochen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: $Lambda$-coalescent
subject: likelihood-based inference
subject: infinitely-many-sites
subject: population genetics
subject: Monte-Carlo method
subject: 92D15
subject: 60G09
subject: 60G52
subject: 60J75
subject: 60J85

description: One of the central problems in mathematical genetics is the inference of evolutionary parameters of a population (such as the mutation rate) based on the observed genetic types in a finite DNA sample. If the population model under consideration is in the domain of attraction of the classical Fleming-Viot process, such as the Wright-Fisher- or the Moran model, then the standard means to describe its genealogy is Kingman's coalescent. For this coalescent process, powerful inference methods are well-established. An important feature of the above class of models is, roughly speaking, that the number of offspring of each individual is small when compared to the total population size, and hence all ancestral collisions are binary only. Recently, more general population models have been studied, in particular in the domain of attraction of so-called generalised $Lambda$-Fleming-Viot processes, as well as their (dual) genealogies, given by the so-called $Lambda$-coalescents, which allow multiple collisions. Moreover, Eldon and Wakeley (2006) provide evidence that such more general coalescents might actually be more adequate to describe real populations with extreme reproductive behaviour, in particular many marine species. In this paper, we extend methods of Ethier and Griffiths (1987) and Griffiths and Tavaré (1994, 1995) to obtain a likelihood based inference method for general $Lambda$-coalescents. In particular, we obtain a method to compute (approximate) likelihood surfaces for the observed type probabilities of a given sample. We argue that within the (vast) family of $Lambda$-coalescents, the parametrisable sub-family of Beta$(2-alpha, alpha)$-coalescents, where $alpha in (1,2]$, are of particular relevance. We illustrate our method using simulated datasets, thus obtaining maximum-likelihood estimators of mutation and demographic parameters.
A stochastic volatility Libor model and its robust calibration
Creators: name: Belomestny, Denis
name: Mathew, Stanley
name: Schoenmakers, John G. M.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Libor modelling
subject: stochastic volatility
subject: CIR processes
subject: calibration
subject: 60G51
subject: 62G20
subject: 60H05
subject: 60H10
subject: 90A09
subject: 91B28

description: In this paper we propose a Libor model with a high-dimensional specially structured system of driving CIR volatility processes. A stable calibration procedure which takes into account a given local correlation structure is presented. The calibration algorithm is FFT based, so fast and easy to implement.
Entanglement-Gradient Routing for Quantum Networks
Creators: name: Gyongyosi, Laszlo
name: Imre, Sandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We define the entanglement-gradient routing scheme for quantum repeater networks. The routing framework fuses the fundamentals of swarm intelligence and quantum Shannon theory. Swarm intelligence provides nature-inspired solutions for problem solving. Motivated by models of social insect behavior, the routing is performed using parallel threads to determine the shortest path via the entanglement gradient coefficient, which describes the feasibility of the entangled links and paths of the network. The routing metrics are derived from the characteristics of entanglement transmission and relevant measures of entanglement distribution in quantum networks. The method allows a moderate complexity decentralized routing in quantum repeater networks. The results can be applied in experimental quantum networking, future quantum Internet, and long-distance quantum communications.
description: Journal-ref: Scientific Reports (accepted)
1-d granular gas with little dissipation in 0-g : A comment on "Resonance oscillations in Granular gases"
Creators: name: Evesque, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated that recent results on 1d granular gas in a container with a vibrating piston, which was modelled by a shock wave propagation, can be understood with a modelling using ideas coming from the "thermodynamics of a single particle". Defining e as the square root of the energetic-restitution coefficient of a single collision, and N as the total number of grains, the mean loss during a round trip of the momentum is calculated in the limit N(1-e)<<1. It is also demonstrated that the system cannot propagate sound waves nor shock waves in the limit of N(1-e)<<1 and that hydrodynamics equations cannot be defined when N(1-e)<<1. Pacs # : 5.40 ; 45.70 ; 62.20 ; 83.70.Fn
description: 10 pages + 1 page, 1 figure
Membrane Instantons and de Sitter Vacua
Creators: name: Davidse, Marijn
name: Saueressig, Frank
name: Theis, Ulrich
name: Vandoren, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate membrane instanton effects in type IIA strings compactified on rigid Calabi-Yau manifolds. These effects contribute to the low-energy effective action of the universal hypermultiplet. In the absence of additional fivebrane instantons, the quaternionic geometry of this hypermultiplet is determined by solutions of the three-dimensional Toda equation. We construct solutions describing membrane instantons, and find perfect agreement with the string theory prediction. In the context of flux compactifications we discuss how membrane instantons contribute to the scalar potential and the stabilization of moduli. Finally, we demonstrate the existence of meta-stable de Sitter vacua.
description: v3: minor clarifications, JHEP version, 38 pages
Sharp-optimal adjustment for multiple testing in the multivariate two-sample problem
Creators: name: Rohde, Angelika
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorial process
subject: exponential concentration bound
subject: coupling
subject: decoupling inequality
subject: exact multiple test
subject: nearest-neighbors
subject: sharp asymptotic adaptivity
subject: 62G10
subject: 62G20

description: Based on two independent samples $X_1, ...,X_m$ and $X_m+1, ...,X_n$ drawn from multivariate distributions with unknown Lebesgue densities p and q respectively, we propose an exact multiple test in order to identify simultaneously regions of significant deviations between p and q. The construction is built from randomized nearestneighbor statistics. It does not require any preliminary information about the multivariate densities such as compact support, strict positivity or smoothness and shape properties. The adjustment for multiple testing is sharp-optimal for typical arrangements of the observation values which appear with probability close to one, and it relies on a new coupling Bernstein type exponential inequality, reflecting the nonsubgaussian tail behavior of the combinatorial process. For power investigation of the proposed method a reparametrized minimax set-up is introduced, reducing the composite hypothesis ''$p = q$'' to a simple one with the multivariate mixed density $(m/n)p + (1 ? m/n)q$ as infinite dimensional nuisance parameter. Within this framework, the test is shown to be spatially and sharply asymptotically adaptive with respect to uniform loss on isotropic Hölder classes.
Prototype of open precision harvesting tools and systems and protocol for the implementation (D5.7)
Creators: name: Okoth, Michael Wandayi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This documentation forms the basis for the realization, implementation and management of the project prototype(s) precision harvesting tools and systems. It includes the prototype objectives, general considerations and recommendations together with the following two sections: - the prototype section that provides a scientific-technological description of the R&I process carried out to realize the prototype (final innovative method / system / tool / product) as result of the testing phase in lab / at small-scale level (WP4) and feedback gathered from the in-field validation (WP5). According to the impact pathway approach, it describes the conducted activities, the reached outputs and outcomes, and the obtained measures of relevant key performance indicators demonstrating the impact; - the protocol section that adopts an operational perspective to describe how to implement and manage the prototype, thus ensuring its full functionality and usability. It includes deployment requirements, procedures, methods, techniques, and practical considerations. Moreover, the protocols generate guidelines (D4.5), practice abstracts (D6.5) and training materials (D5.1).
Optimal and robust a posteriori error estimates in $L^infty(L^2)$ for the approximation of Allen--Cahn equations past singularities
Creators: name: Bartels, Sören
name: Müller, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Allen-Cahn equation
subject: mean curvature flow
subject: finite element method
subject: error analysis
subject: adaptive methods
subject: 65M60
subject: 65M15
subject: 35K55

description: Optimal a posteriori error estimates in $L^infty(0,T;L^2(O))$ are derived for the finite element approximation of Allen-Cahn equations. The estimates depend on the inverse of a small parameter only in a low order polynomial and are valid past topological changes of the evolving interface. The error analysis employs an elliptic reconstruction of the approximate solution and applies to a large class of conforming, nonconforming, mixed, and discontinuous Galerkin methods. Numerical experiments illustrate the theoretical results.
Fast pulse sequences for dynamically corrected gates in single-triplet qubits
Creators: name: Throckmorton, Robert E.
name: Zhang, Chengxian
name: Yang, Xu-Chen
name: Wang, Xin
name: Barnes, Edwin
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a set of experimentally feasible pulse sequences that implement any single-qubit gate on a singlet-triplet spin qubit and demonstrate that these new sequences are up to three times faster than existing sequences in the literature. We show that these sequences can be extended to incorporate built-in dynamical error correction, yielding gates that are robust to both charge and magnetic field noise and up to twice as fast as previous dynamically corrected gate schemes. We present a thorough comparison of the performance of our new sequences with that of several existing ones using randomized benchmarking, considering both quasistatic and $1/f^α$ noise models. We provide our results both as a function of evolution time and as a function of the number of gates, which respectively yield both an effective coherence time and an estimate of the number of gates that can be performed within this coherence time. We determine which set of pulse sequences gives the best results for a wide range of noise strengths and power spectra. Overall, we find that the traditional, slower sequences perform best when there is no field noise or when the noise contains significant high-frequency components; otherwise, our new, fast sequences exhibit the best performance.
description: 29 pages, 29 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Additional file 1 of A case series of medically managed Candida parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis
Creators: name: Guo, Penghao
name: He, Yuting
name: Fan, Rui
name: Wu, Zhongwen
name: Chen, Yili
name: Huang, Yuli
name: Liao, Kang
name: Chen, Peisong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Routine analysis of blood, infectious and cardiac function indexes, and indicators of coagulation function on the day of admission.
Stripe-array diode-laser in an off-axis external cavity: Theory and experiment
Creators: name: Jechow, Andreas
name: Lichtner, Mark
name: Menzel, Ralf
name: Radziunas, Mindaugas
name: Skoczowsky, Danilo
name: Vladimirov, Andrei G.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: semiconductor laser array
subject: broad area laser
subject: synchronization
subject: supermode
subject: 78A60
subject: 37M05
subject: 78A45
subject: 42.55.Px
subject: 42.60.Mi
subject: 42.60.Da
subject: 42.65.Sf

description: Stripe-array diode lasers naturally operate in an anti-phase supermode. This produces a sharp double lobe far field at angles $pm alpha$ depending on the period of the array. In this paper a 40 emitter gain guided stripe-array laterally coupled by off-axis filtered feedback is investigated experimentally and numerically. We predict theoretically and confirm experimentally that at doubled feedback angle $2 alpha$ a stable higher order supermode exists with twice the number of emitters per array period. The theoretical model is based on time domain traveling wave equations for optical fields coupled to the carrier density equation taking into account diffusion of carriers. Feedback from the external reflector is modeled using Fresnel integration.
Lopsidedness in dwarf irregular galaxies
Creators: name: Heller, Ana B.
name: Brosch, Noah
name: Almoznino, Elchanan
name: van Zee, Liese
name: Salzer, John J.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the amplitude of the lopsidedness, the azimuthal angular asymmetry index, and the concentration of star forming regions, as represented by the distribution of the H$α$ emission, in a sample of 78 late-type irregular galaxies. We bin the observed galaxies in two groups representing blue compact galaxies (BCDs) and low surface brightness dwarf galaxies (LSBs). The light distribution is analysed with a novel algorithm, which allows detection of details in the light distribution pattern. We find that while the asymmetry of the underlying continuum light, representing the older stellar generations, is relatively small, the H$α$ emission is very asymmetric and is correlated in position angle with the continuum light. We test a model of random star formation over the extent of a galaxy by simulating HII regions in artificial dwarf galaxies. The implication is that random star formation over the full extent of a galaxy may be generated in LSB dwarf-irregular galaxies but not in BCD galaxies.
description: 42 pages, LaTex. Accepted by: MNRAS, 13 Mar 2000
Strangeness in Stellar Matter
Creators: name: Prakash, M.
name: Reddy, S.
name: Lattimer, J. M.
name: Ellis, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A protoneutron star is formed immediately after the gravitational collapse of the core of a massive star. At birth, the hot and high density matter in such a star contains a large number of neutrinos trapped during collapse. Trapped neutrinos generally inhibit the presence of exotic matter -- hyperons, a kaon condensate, or quarks. However, as the neutrinos diffuse out in about 10-15 s, the threshold for the appearance of strangeness is reduced; hence, the composition and the structure of the star can change significantly. The effect of exotic, negatively-charged, strangeness-bearing components is always to soften the equation of state, and the possibility exists that the star collapses to a black hole at this time. This could explain why no neutron star has yet been seen in the remnant of supernova SN1987A, even though one certainly existed when neutrinos were detected on Feb. 23, 1987. With new generation neutrino detectors it is feasible to test different theoretical scenarios observationally.
description: 19 pages, 10 Postscript figures, Strangeness 96 paper to appear in Heavy Ion Physics
A scoping review of anonymity online in social science empirical research
Creators: name: Machackova, Hana
name: Vojtíšek, Tomáš
name: Kvardová, Nikol
name: Literová, Anna
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The primary goal of this scoping review is to examine the scientific literature concerning the concept of anonymity in the context of communication mediated by digital technologies, for parsimony labelled “online anonymity”. Specifically, we aim to map how the conceptualization of online anonymity translates into methods of empirical social science research, where the focus lies in the human psycho-social processes and/or human behaviour. The findings should provide insight into the link between theoretical debate about the concept of online anonymity and its actual usage as a factor that is measured, manipulated or observed in existing research. This should provide background for more precise interpretation of mixed findings of the impact of anonymity, help to navigate the gaps in research, and incite future debate about the concept of anonymity. This preregistered study protocol is based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses - Scoping Review extension (Tricco et al., 2018).
BRST-antifield Quantization: a Short Review
Creators: name: Fuster, Andrea
name: Henneaux, Marc
name: Maas, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most of the known models describing the fundamental interactions have a gauge freedom. In the standard path integral, it is necessary to "fix the gauge" in order to avoid integrating over unphysical degrees of freedom. Gauge independence might then become a tricky issue, especially when the structure of the gauge symmetries is intricate. In the modern approach to this question, it is BRST invariance that effectively implements gauge invariance. This set of lectures briefly reviews some key ideas underlying the BRST-antifield formalism, which yields a systematic procedure to path-integrate any type of gauge system, while (usually) manifestly preserving spacetime covariance. The quantized theory possesses a global invariance under the so-called BRST transformation, which is nilpotent of order two. The cohomology of the BRST differential is the central element that controls the physics. Its relationship with the observables is sketched and explained. How anomalies appear in the "quantum master equation" of the antifield formalism is also discussed. These notes are based on lectures given by MH at the 10th Saalburg Summer School on Modern Theoretical Methods from the 30th of August to the 10th of September, 2004 in Wolfersdorf, Germany and were prepared by AF and AM. The exercises which were discussed at the school are also included.
description: 25 pages, to be published in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics (proceedings of the IJGMMP workshop held in Florence April 14-18, 2005), v2: minor changes only, mostly typos
Drying layer near a weakly attractive surface
Creators: name: Oleinikova, A.
name: Brovchenko, I.
name: Geiger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Depletion of the liquid density near a solid surface with a weak long-range fluid-surface interaction was studied by computer simulations of the liquid-vapor coexistence of a LJ fluid confined in slitlike pores. In a wide temperature range the liquid density decreases towards the surface without the formation of a {\it vapor} layer between the liquid and the solid surface. This evidences the absence of a drying transition up to the liquid-vapor critical point. Two contributions to the excess desorption {\it $Γ_{tot}$} were found. The first one {\it $Γ_ξ$} $\sim$ $ρ_{bulk}$ $ξ$ exists at any temperature and diverges as the bulk correlation length $ξ$ when approaching the liquid-vapor critical temperature {\it {T$_c$}}. The second contribution {\it $Γ_L$} $\sim$ $ρ_{bulk}$ {\it L$_0$} originates from a microscopic {\it drying layer} near the solid boundary. At high temperatures the thickness {\it L$_0$} of the drying layer increases in accordance with the power law {\it L$_0$ $\sim$ - ln (1-T/T$_c$)}, indicating a drying transition at {\it {T$_c$}}. The {\it drying layer} can be suppressed by strengthening the fluid-surface interaction, by increasing the fluid-surface interaction range or by decreasing the pore size.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures
Improvements to speaker adaptive training of deep neural networks
Creators: name: Yajie  Miao
name: Jiang, Lu
name: Chiu, Justin
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Metze, Florian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Speaker adaptive training (SAT) is a well studied technique for Gaussian mixture acoustic models (GMMs). Recently we proposed to perform SAT for deep neural networks (DNNs), with speaker i-vectors applied in feature learning. The resulting SAT-DNN models significantly outperform DNNs on word error rates (WERs). In this paper, we present different methods to further improve and extend SAT-DNN. First, we conduct detailed analysis to investigate i-vector extractor training and flexible feature fusion. Second, the SAT-DNN approach is extended to improve tasks including bottleneck feature (BNF) generation, convolutional neural network (CNN) acoustic modeling and multilingual DNN-based feature extraction. Third, for transcribing multimedia data, we enrich the i-vector representation with global speaker attributes (age, gender, etc.) obtained automatically from video signals. On a collection of instructional videos, incorporation of the additional visual features is observed to boost the recognition accuracy of SAT-DNN.
Discrete Time Analysis of Multi-Queue Systems with Multiple Departure Streams in Material Handling and Production under Different Service Rules
Creators: name: Baumann, Marion
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: Bedienstrategien
Multi-Bediensystem
zeitdiskrete Modellierung
Markov-Kette
Fördertechnik und Produktion
service rules
multi-queue system
discrete time modelling
Markov chain
material handling and production

description: In this work, we present a modelling approach in order to depict service rules holistically. The developed model is called multi-queue system with multiple departure streams (MQSMDS). The MQSMDS is modelled as a discrete time Markov chain. On the basis of a numerical study, the system characteristics are evaluated. The results of this work enable a rapid and low-cost analysis of material handling and production systems as well as a fast and easy identification of suitable service rules.
Competition Between Particle-Hole and Particle-Particle Correlations in Forbidden Electron Capture: the Case of $^{123}$Te
Creators: name: Bianchetti, M.
name: Quaglia, M. R.
name: Colo`, G.
name: Pizzochero, P. M.
name: Broglia, R. A.
name: Bortignon, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The K-electron capture half-life of $^{123}$Te has been recently measured to be $t^K_{exp}=2.4\times 10^{19}$ yr, and constitutes the longest half-life ever measured in a single $β$-transition of any nuclear species. We have calculated this second unique forbidden transition within the framework of the proton-neutron quasi-particle random phase approximation, making use of Skyrme-type effective interactions. A strong cancellation effect between particle-hole and particle-particle correlations is found. The model, without any renormalization of the force, provides a lower limit for the K-electron capture half-life of $\sim 10^{17}$ yr, which unambiguously rules out the old experimental values of $10^{13} - 10^{14}$ yr. A few percent increase of the particle-particle matrix elements of the Skyrme interaction allows to reproduce the experimental findings.
description: Completely revised version, 10 pages, Latex Re-submitted to Physical Review Letters on April 1997. Some minor errors corrected, many experimental inputs used
Normal forms for three-parametric families of area-preserving maps near an elliptic fixed point
Creators: name: Gelfreikh, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study dynamics of area-preserving maps in a neighbourhood of an elliptic fixed point. We describe simplified normal forms for a fixed point of co-dimension 3. We also construct normal forms for a generic three-parameter family which contains such degeneracy and use the normal form theory to describe generic bifurcations of periodic orbits in these families.