cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Detailed Abundances for a Large Sample of Giant Stars in the Globular Cluster 47 Tucanae (NGC 104)
Creators: name: Cordero, Maria J.
name: Pilachowski, Catherine A.
name: Johnson, Christian I.
name: McDonald, Iain
name: Zijlstra, Albert A.
name: Simmerer, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 47 Tuc is an ideal target to study chemical evolution and GC formation in massive more metal-rich GCs since is the closest, massive GC. We present chemical abundances for O, Na, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Fe, Ni, La, and Eu in 164 red giant branch (RGB) stars in the massive globular cluster 47 Tuc using spectra obtained with both the Hydra multi-fiber spectrograph at the Blanco 4-m telescope and the FLAMES multi-object spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope. We find an average [Fe/H]=--0.79$\pm$0.09 dex, consistent with literature values, as well as over-abundances of alpha-elements ($[α/\mbox{Fe}]\sim0.3$ dex). The n-capture process elements indicate that 47 Tuc is r-process dominated ([Eu/La]=+0.24), and the light elements O, Na, and Al exhibit star-to-star variations. The Na-O anti-correlation, a signature typically seen in Galactic globular clusters, is present in 47 Tuc, and extends to include a small number of stars with [O/Fe] $\sim$\,--0.5. Additionally, the [O/Na] ratios of our sample reveal that the cluster stars can be separated into three distinct populations. A KS-test demonstrates that the O-poor/Na-rich stars are more centrally concentrated than the O-rich/Na-poor stars. The observed number and radial distribution of 47 Tuc's stellar populations, as distinguished by their light element composition, agrees closely with the results obtained from photometric data. We do not find evidence supporting a strong Na-Al correlation in 47 Tuc, which is consistent with current models of AGB nucleosynthesis yields.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The contribution of spin to jet-disk coupling in black holes
Creators: name: van Velzen, Sjoert
name: Falcke, Heino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin of supermassive black holes could power jets from active galactic nuclei (AGN), although direct observational evidence for this conjecture is sparse. The accretion disk luminosity and jet power, on the other hand, have long been observed to follow a linear correlation. If jet power is coupled to black hole spin, deviations from the jet-disk correlation for a sample of AGN can be used to probe the dispersion of the spin parameter within this sample. To exploit this idea, we matched double-lobed radio sources from the FIRST survey to spectroscopically confirmed quasars from SDSS. We obtain 763 FR-II quasars with a median redshift of z=1.2 A tight correlation between the optical luminosity of the accretion disk and the lobe radio luminosity is observed. We estimate that 5-20% of the bolometric disk luminosity is converted to jet power. Most of the scatter to the optical-radio correlation is due to environment; deviations from jet-disk coupling due to internal factors (e.g., spin) contribute at most 0.2 dex. Under the assumption that the Blandford-Znajek mechanism operates in AGN, we obtain an upper limit of 0.1 dex to the dispersion of the product of the spin and the magnetic flux threading the horizon. If black hole spin determines the AGN jet efficiency, then our observations imply that all FR-II quasars have very similar spin. In addition, the quasar spin distribution needs to have a wide gap to explain the radio-quiet population. The alternative, and perhaps more likely, interpretation of the tight jet-disk correlation is that black hole spin is not relevant for powering AGN jets.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Measurement of thin films using very long acoustic wavelengths
Creators: name: Clement, G. T.
name: Nomura, H.
name: Adachi, H.
name: Kamakura, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A procedure for measuring material thickness by means of necessarily-long acoustic wavelengths is examined. The approach utilizes a temporal phase lag caused by the impulse time of wave momentum transferred through a thin layer that is much denser than its surrounding medium. In air, it is predicted that solid or liquid layers below approximately 1/2000 of the acoustic wavelength will exhibit a phase shift with an arctangent functional dependence on thickness and layer density. The effect is verified for thin films on the scale of 10 microns using audible frequency sound (7 kHz). Soap films as thin as 100 nm are then measured using 40 kHz air ultrasound. The method's potential for imaging applications is demonstrated by combining the approach with near-field holography, resulting in reconstructions with sub-wavelength resolution in both the depth and lateral directions. Potential implications at very high and very low acoustic frequencies are discussed.
description: Submitted to Journal of Applied Physics
On the nature of sodium excess objects. I. Data and observed trends
Creators: name: Jeong, Hyunjin
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
name: Kyeong, Jaemann
name: Sarzi, Marc
name: Sung, Eon-Chang
name: Oh, Kyuseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several studies have reported the presence of sodium excess objects that have neutral atomic absorption lines at 5895A (NaD) and 8190A that are deeper than expected based on stellar population models. van Dokkum & Conroy proposed that low-mass stars are more prevalent in massive early-type galaxies, which may lead to a strong NaI8190 line strength. It is, however, necessary to test this prediction against other prominent line indices in optical wavelengths. We newly identified roughly a thousand NaD excess objects (NEOs) based on the NaD line strength in the redshift range 0.00250km/s) show NaD excess. Most late-type NEOs have strong Hb line strengths and significant emission lines. This implies that the presence of ISM and/or dust contributes to the increase in NaD line strengths observed for these galaxies. In contrast, the majority of early-type NEOs are predominantly luminous and massive systems. However, we find that models used to reproduce the NaI8190 line strengths that adopt a bottom-heavy IMF are not able to reproduce the observed NaD line strengths. By comparing the observed NaD, Mgb and Fe5270 line strengths with those of the models, we identify a plausible range of parameters. In these models, the majority of early-type NEOs are alpha-enhanced ([a/Fe]~0.3), metal-rich ([Z/H]~0.3) and especially Na-enhanced ([Na/Fe]~0.3). Enhanced Na abundance is a particularly compelling hypothesis for the increase in the strength of the NaD line index in our early-type NEOs that appear devoid of dust, both in their SDSS images and spectra.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJS
Taming Explosive Growth through Dynamic Random Links
Creators: name: Choudhary, Anshul
name: Kohar, Vivek
name: Sinha, Sudeshna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a collection of nonlinearly coupled limit cycle oscillators, relevant to systems ranging from neuronal populations to electrical circuits, under coupling topologies varying from a regular ring to a random network. We find that the trajectories of this system escape to infinity under regular coupling, for sufficiently strong coupling strengths. However, when some fraction of the regular connections are dynamically randomized, the unbounded growth is suppressed and the system always remains bounded. Further we determine the critical fraction of random links necessary for successful prevention of explosive behaviour, for different network rewiring time-scales. These results suggest a mechanism by which blow-ups may be controlled in extended oscillator systems.
glass_glb_files_Mingei
Creators: name: Karuzaki, Effie
name: Partarakis, Nikolaos
name: Zabulis, Xenophon
name: Doulgeraki, Paraskevi
name: Evdaimon, Theodoros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mingei
Paris
Glass
3D models

description: Documentation material from the Mingei project
Silicon Oxide Passivation of Single-Crystalline CVD Diamond Evaluated by the Time-of-Flight Technique
Creators: name: Kovi, Kiran Kumar
name: Majdi, Saman
name: Gabrysch, Markus
name: Isberg, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excellent material properties of diamond make it highly desirable for many extreme electronic applications that are out of reach of conventional electronic materials. For commercial diamond devices to become a reality, it is necessary to have an effective surface passivation since the passivation determines the ability of the device to withstand high surface electric fields. In this paper we present data from lateral Time-of-Flight studies on SiO2-passivated intrinsic single-crystalline CVD diamond. The SiO2 films were deposited using three different techniques. The influence of the passivation on hole transport was studied, which resulted in the increase of hole mobilities. The results from the three different passivations are compared.
title: Die vier namhafftsten königreich: nemlich des Königs der Teuffel, der Esel, der Menschen, vnnd der König; 1538
title: In einem kurtzen vnd scharpffen hofespruch von dem hochlöblichen Helden Thewerdanck fürgebildet
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Sturm, Caspar
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: In Fraktur
Quantum speed limit of a photon under non-Markovian dynamics
Creators: name: Xu, Z. Y.
name: Zhu, S. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum speed limit (QSL) under noise has drawn considerable attention in real quantum computational processes and quantum communication. Though non-Markovian noise is proven to be able to accelerate quantum evolution for a damped Jaynes-Cummings model, in this work we show that non-Markovianity may even slow down the quantum evolution of an experimentally controllable photon system. As an important application, QSL time of a photon can be well controlled by regulating the relevant environment parameter properly, which is close to reach the currently available photonic experimental technology.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Profiling hot and dense nuclear medium with high transverse momentum hadrons produced in d+Au and Au+Au collisions by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PHENIX measurements of high transverse momentum ($p_T$) identified hadrons in $d$+Au and Au+Au collisions are presented. The nuclear modification factors ($R_{d{\rm A}}$ and $R_{\rm AA}$) for $π^0$ and $η$ are found to be very consistent in both collision systems, respectively. Using large amount of $p+p$ and Au+Au datasets, the fractional momentum loss ($S_{\rm loss}$) and the path-length dependent yield of $π^0$ in Au+Au collisions are obtained. The hadron spectra in the most central $d$+Au and the most peripheral Au+Au collisions are studied. The spectra shapes are found to be similar in both systems, but the yield is suppressed in the most peripheral Au+Au collisions.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, talk presented at the International Nuclear Physics Conference 2013, held in Florence, Italy, on June 2 - 7, 2013
Universal quantum oscillations in the underdoped cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Barišić, Neven
name: Badoux, Sven
name: Chan, Mun K.
name: Dorow, Chelsey
name: Tabis, Wojciech
name: Vignolle, Baptiste
name: Yu, Guichuan
name: Béard, Jérôme
name: Zhao, Xudong
name: Proust, Cyril
name: Greven, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metallic state of the underdoped high-Tc cuprates has remained an enigma: How may seemingly disconnected Fermi surface segments, observed in zero magnetic field as a result of the opening of a partial gap (the pseudogap), possess conventional quasiparticle properties? How do the small Fermi-surface pockets evidenced by the observation of quantum oscillations (QO) emerge as superconductivity is suppressed in high magnetic fields? Such QO, discovered in underdoped YBa2Cu3O6.5 (Y123) and YBa2Cu4O8 (Y124), signify the existence of a conventional Fermi surface (FS). However, due to the complexity of the crystal structures of Y123 and Y124 (CuO2 double-layers, CuO chains, low structural symmetry), it has remained unclear if the QO are specific to this particular family of cuprates. Numerous theoretical proposals have been put forward to explain the route toward QO, including materials-specific scenarios involving CuO chains and scenarios involving the quintessential CuO2 planes. Here we report the observation of QO in underdoped HgBa2CuO4+δ (Hg1201), a model cuprate superconductor with individual CuO2 layers, high tetragonal symmetry, and no CuO chains. This observation proves that QO are a universal property of the underdoped CuO2 planes, and it opens the door to quantitative future studies of the metallic state and of the Fermi-surface reconstruction phenomenon in this structurally simplest cuprate.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Logarithmic AdS Waves and Zwei-Dreibein Gravity
Creators: name: Bergshoeff, Eric A.
name: Goya, Andrés F.
name: Merbis, Wout
name: Rosseel, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the parameter space of Zwei-Dreibein Gravity (ZDG) in AdS3 exhibits critical points, where massive graviton modes coincide with pure gauge modes and new `logarithmic' modes appear, similar to what happens in New Massive Gravity. The existence of critical points is shown both at the linearized level, as well as by finding AdS wave solutions of the full non-linear theory, that behave as logarithmic modes towards the AdS boundary. In order to find these solutions explicitly, we give a reformulation of ZDG in terms of a single Dreibein, that involves an infinite number of derivatives. At the critical points, ZDG can be conjectured to be dual to a logarithmic conformal field theory with zero central charges, characterized by new anomalies whose conjectured values are calculated.
description: 20 pages
Rayleigh-Taylor instability in partially ionized compressible plasmas: one fluid approach
Creators: name: Diaz, A. J.
name: Khomenko, E.
name: Collados, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the modification of the classical criterion for the linear onset and growth rate of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability (RTI) in a partially ionized (PI) plasma in the one-fluid description, considering a generalized induction equation. The governing linear equations and appropriate boundary conditions, including gravitational terms, are derived and applied to the case of the RTI in a single interface between two partially ionized plasmas. The boundary conditions lead to an equation for the frequencies in which some of them have positive complex parts, marking the appearance of the RTI. We study the ambipolar term alone first, extending the result to the full induction equation later. We find that the configuration is always unstable because of the presence of a neutral species. In the classical stability regime the growth rate is small, since the collisions prevent the neutral fluid to fully develop the RTI. For parameters in the classical instability regime the growth rate is lowered, but for the considered theoretical values of the collision frequencies and diffusion coefficients for solar prominences the differences with the compressible MHD case are small. We conclude that PI modifies some aspects of the linear RTI instability, since it takes into account that neutrals do not feel the stabilizing effect of the magnetic field. For the set of parameters representative for solar prominences, our model gives the resulting timescale comparable with observed lifetimes of RTI plumes.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Distinct Chemical Regions in the "Prestellar" Infrared Dark Cloud (IRDC) G028.23-00.19
Creators: name: Sanhueza, Patricio
name: Jackson, James M.
name: Foster, Jonathan B.
name: Jimenez-Serra, Izaskun
name: Dirienzo, William J.
name: Pillai, Thushara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the IRDC G028.23-00.19 at 3.3 mm using CARMA. In its center, the IRDC hosts one of the most massive (~1520 Msun) quiescent, cold (12 K) clumps known (MM1). The low temperature, high NH_2D abundance, narrow molecular line widths, and absence of embedded IR sources (from 3.6 to 70 mu) indicate that the clump is likely prestellar. Strong SiO emission with broad line widths (6-9 km s^-1) and high abundances (0.8-4 x 10^-9) is detected in the northern and southern regions of the IRDC, unassociated with MM1. We suggest that SiO is released to the gas phase from the dust grains through shocks produced by outflows from undetected intermediate-mass stars or clusters of low-mass stars deeply embedded in the IRDC. A weaker SiO component with narrow line widths (~2 km s^-1) and low abundances (4.3 x 10^-11) is detected in the center-west region, consistent with either a "subcloud-subcloud" collision or an unresolved population of a few low-mass stars. We report widespread CH_3OH emission throughout the whole IRDC and the first detection of extended narrow methanol emission (~2 km s^-1) in a cold, massive prestellar clump (MM1). We suggest that the most likely mechanism releasing methanol into the gas phase in such a cold region is the exothermicity of grain-surface reactions. HN^13C reveals that the IRDC is actually composed of two distinct substructures ("subclouds") separated in velocity space by ~1.4 km s^-1. The narrow SiO component arises where the subclouds overlap. The spatial distribution of C_2H resembles that of NH_2D, which suggests that C_2H also traces cold gas in this IRDC.
description: Accepted to ApJ. 16 pages
Which Clustering Do You Want? Inducing Your Ideal Clustering with Minimal Feedback
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Sajib
name: Ng, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While traditional research on text clustering has largely focused on grouping documents by topic, it is conceivable that a user may want to cluster documents along other dimensions, such as the authors mood, gender, age, or sentiment. Without knowing the users intention, a clustering algorithm will only group documents along the most prominent dimension, which may not be the one the user desires. To address the problem of clustering documents along the user-desired dimension, previous work has focused on learning a similarity metric from data manually annotated with the users intention or having a human construct a feature space in an interactive manner during the clustering process. With the goal of reducing reliance on human knowledge for fine-tuning the similarity function or selecting the relevant features required by these approaches, we propose a novel active clustering algorithm, which allows a user to easily select the dimension along which she wants to cluster the documents by inspecting only a small number of words. We demonstrate the viability of our algorithm on a variety of commonly-used sentiment datasets.
Loop Liquid in an Ising-Spin Kondo Lattice Model on a Kagome Lattice
Creators: name: Ishizuka, Hiroaki
name: Motome, Yukitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase diagram of an Ising-spin Kondo lattice model on a kagome lattice is investigated by a Monte Carlo simulation. We find that the system exhibits a peculiar ferrimagnetic state at a finite temperature, in which each triangle is in a two-up one-down spin configuration but the spin correlation does not develop any superstructure. We call this state the loop liquid, as it is characterized by the emergent degree of freedom, self-avoiding up-spin loops. We elucidate that the system shows phase transitions from the loop liquid to ferrimagnetically ordered states and a crossover to a partially ferromagnetic state by changing the electron density and temperature. These can be viewed as crystallization and cohesion of the loops, respectively. We demonstrate that the loop formation is observed in the optical conductivity as a characteristic resonant peak.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Rapid Communication section of Phys. Rev. B
Who re-uses data? A bibliometric analysis of data citations and the relationship between authors and data creators
Creators: name: Krause, Geoff
name: Bowman, Timothy D.
name: Rosati, Domenic
name: Mongeon, Philippe
name: Smit, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: data citation
data re-use
bibliometrics

description: It is widely recognized that open science has widespread benefits not only for science and society, but also for individual researchers (McKiernan et al., 2016). A study by Drachen et al. (2016) suggested that papers get more citations when the underlying data is made available. But when data is re-used, are the datasets themselves being cited, and if so, by whom? Past studies that investigated citations to datasets found that formal data citations are generally rare (Peters et al., 2016; Robinson-García et al., 2016), and observed field differences in data citation practices (Peters et al., 2016). There have also been attempts to link data creators to researchers in order to capture data sharing practices and incorporate them into the reward system of science (Mongeon et al., 2017). Dudek, Mongeon and Bergmans (2019) performed a small study in which they analyzed citations to datasets from the IFREMER and found that most of those citations came from researchers affiliated with the organization, and that 75% of the citing papers had at least one author in common with the dataset. Our work aims to scale-up the work of Dudek, Mongeon, and Bergmans (2019) by analyzing citations to 474,609 datasets, and the relationship between the citing authors and the creators of the 30,582 datasets with at least one citation. More specifically, our research questions are: 1. How many datasets in OpenAlex have been cited at least once? 2. How concentrated is the distribution of citations to datasets? 3. What share of data citations are self-citations? This is, to our knowledge, the first analysis to provide large-scale empirical insights on data re-use with a focus on data self-citations.
Die Histori oder geschicht vonn der edeln vnnd schönen Melusina; 1539
Creators: name: Jean, d'Arras d'Arras
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Bibliogr. Nachweis: VD16 M 4471. - Mutmaßlicher Verf.: Jean d'Arras. - Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks im Kolophon: Getruckt vnd volent, in[n] der Kayserliche[n] statt Augspurg, durch Henricum Steyner, Als man zalt nach der geburt Christi vnsers herrn, tausent Funfhundert vnnd xxxiv. Jar.
Fine discretization of pair interactions and an approximate analytical strategy for predicting equilibrium behavior of complex fluids
Creators: name: Hollingshead, Kyle B.
name: Jain, Avni
name: Truskett, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study whether fine discretization (i.e., terracing) of continuous pair interactions, when used in combination with first-order mean-spherical approximation theory, can lead to a simple and general analytical strategy for predicting the equilibrium structure and thermodynamics of complex fluids. Specifically, we implement a version of this approach to predict how screened electrostatic repulsions, solute-mediated depletion attractions, or ramp-shaped repulsions modify the radial distribution function and the potential energy of reference hard-sphere fluids, and we compare the predictions to exact results from molecular simulations.
Quantum many-body interactions in digital oxide superlattices
Creators: name: Monkman, Eric J.
name: Adamo, Carolina
name: Mundy, Julia A.
name: Shai, Daniel E.
name: Harter, John W.
name: Shen, Dawei
name: Burganov, Bulat
name: Muller, David A.
name: Schlom, Darrell G.
name: Shen, Kyle M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling the electronic properties of interfaces has enormous scientific and technological implications and has been recently extended from semiconductors to complex oxides which host emergent ground states not present in the parent materials. These oxide interfaces present a fundamentally new opportunity where, instead of conventional bandgap engineering, the electronic and magnetic properties can be optimized by engineering quantum many-body interactions. We utilize an integrated oxide molecular-beam epitaxy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy system to synthesize and investigate the electronic structure of superlattices of the Mott insulator LaMnO3 and the band insulator SrMnO3. By digitally varying the separation between interfaces in (LaMnO3)2n/(SrMnO3)n superlattices with atomic-layer precision, we demonstrate that quantum many-body interactions are enhanced, driving the electronic states from a ferromagnetic polaronic metal to a pseudogapped insulating ground state. This work demonstrates how many-body interactions can be engineered at correlated oxide interfaces, an important prerequisite to exploiting such effects in novel electronics.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures. For published article, see http://www.nature.com/nmat/journal/v11/n10/full/nmat3405.html
Learning to Win by Reading Manuals in a Monte-Carlo Framework
Creators: name: Branavan, S. R. K.
name: Silver, David
name: Barzilay, Regina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain knowledge is crucial for effective performance in autonomous control systems. Typically, human effort is required to encode this knowledge into a control algorithm. In this paper, we present an approach to language grounding which automatically interprets text in the context of a complex control application, such as a game, and uses domain knowledge extracted from the text to improve control performance. Both text analysis and control strategies are learned jointly using only a feedback signal inherent to the application. To effectively leverage textual information, our method automatically extracts the text segment most relevant to the current game state, and labels it with a task-centric predicate structure. This labeled text is then used to bias an action selection policy for the game, guiding it towards promising regions of the action space. We encode our model for text analysis and game playing in a multi-layer neural network, representing linguistic decisions via latent variables in the hidden layers, and game action quality via the output layer. Operating within the Monte-Carlo Search framework, we estimate model parameters using feedback from simulated games. We apply our approach to the complex strategy game Civilization II using the official game manual as the text guide. Our results show that a linguistically-informed game-playing agent significantly outperforms its language-unaware counterpart, yielding a 34% absolute improvement and winning over 65% of games when playing against the built-in AI of Civilization.
Increase in thalamic cerebral blood flow is associated with antidepressant effects of ketamine in major depressive disorder
Creators: name: Gärtner, Matti
name: de Rover, Mischa
name: Václavů, Lena
name: Scheidegger, Milan
name: van Osch, Matthias J. P.
name: Grimm, Simone
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Ketamine is a promising treatment option for patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and has become an important research tool to investigate antidepressant mechanisms of action. However, imaging studies attempting to characterise ketamine’s mechanism of action using blood oxygen level-dependent signal (BOLD) imaging have yielded inconsistent results- at least partly due to intrinsic properties of the BOLD contrast, which measures a complex signal related to neural activity. To circumvent the limitations associated with the BOLD signal, we used arterial spin labelling (ASL) as an unambiguous marker of neuronal activity-related changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF). We measured CBF in 21 MDD patients at baseline and 24 h after receiving a single intravenous infusion of subanesthetic ketamine and examined relationships with clinical outcomes. Our findings demonstrate that increase in thalamus perfusion 24 h after ketamine administration is associated with greater improvement of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, lower thalamus perfusion at baseline is associated both with larger increases in perfusion 24 h after ketamine administration and with stronger reduction of depressive symptoms. These findings indicate that ASL is not only a useful tool to broaden our understanding of ketamine’s mechanism of action but might also have the potential to inform treatment decisions based on CBF-defined regional disruptions.
ConcePTION: Advanced Adaptable Communication Materials
Creators: name: Willemen, Marjolein
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: To support and facilitate more advanced communication campaigns, we have developed a set of adaptable, ready-made materials. These have been piloted in The Netherlands as part of “the Moeders van morgen” campaign, run by Bijwerkingencentrum Lareb. The materials have been translated into English and prepared for anyone to adapt. These materials can be adapted by professional designers utilizing the Adobe design suite. The full set of materials is available upon request (imiconception@gmail.com). The package contains: Web banners in various sizes A flyer An infographic and Various social media images These materials are part of a toolbox for communication campaigns developed as part of the IMI ConcePTION project.
Increase in thalamic cerebral blood flow is associated with antidepressant effects of ketamine in major depressive disorder
Creators: name: Gärtner, Matti
name: de Rover, Mischa
name: Václavů, Lena
name: Scheidegger, Milan
name: van Osch, Matthias J.P.
name: Grimm, Simone
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Ketamine is a promising treatment option for patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and has become an important research tool to investigate antidepressant mechanisms of action. However, imaging studies attempting to characterize ketamine’s mechanism of action using blood oxygen level dependent signal (BOLD) imaging have yielded inconsistent results- at least partly due to intrinsic properties of the BOLD contrast, which measures a complex signal related to neural activity. To circumvent the limitations associated with the BOLD signal, we used arterial spin labelling (ASL) as an unambiguous marker of neuronal activity-related changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF). We measured CBF in 21 MDD patients at baseline and 24 hours after receiving a single intravenous infusion of subanesthetic ketamine and examined relationships with clinical outcome. Our findings demonstrate that increase in thalamus perfusion 24 hours after ketamine administration is associated with greater improvement of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, lower thalamus perfusion at baseline is associated both with larger increases in perfusion 24 h after ketamine administration and with stronger reduction of depressive symptoms. These findings indicate that ASL is not only a useful tool to broaden our understanding of ketamine’s mechanism of action but might also have potential to inform treatment decisions based on CBF-defined regional disruptions.
The Sakai-Sugimoto soliton
Creators: name: Bolognesi, Stefano
name: Sutcliffe, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sakai-Sugimoto model is the preeminent example of a string theory description of holographic QCD, in which baryons correspond to topological solitons in the bulk. Here we investigate the validity of various approximations of the Sakai-Sugimoto soliton that are used widely to study the properties of holographic baryons. These approximations include the flat space self-dual instanton, a linear expansion in terms of eigenfunctions in the holographic direction and an asymptotic power series at large radius. These different approaches have produced contradictory results in the literature regarding properties of the baryon, such as relations for the electromagnetic form factors. Here we determine the regions of validity of these various approximations and show how to relate different approximations in contiguous regions of applicability. This analysis clarifies the source of the contradictory results in the literature and resolves some outstanding issues, including the use of the flat space self-dual instanton, the detailed properties of the asymptotic soliton tail, and the role of the UV cutoff introduced in previous investigations. A consequence of our analysis is the discovery of a new large scale, that grows logarithmically with the 't Hooft coupling, at which the soliton fields enter a nonlinear regime. Finally, we provide the first numerical computation of the Sakai-Sugimoto soliton and demonstrate that the numerical results support our analysis.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures
Relationships between global functioning and neuropsychological predictors in subjects at high risk of psychosis or with a recent onset of depression
Creators: name: Squarcina, Letizia
name: Kambeitz-Ilankovic, Lana
name: Bonivento, Carolina
name: Prunas, Cecilia
name: Oldani, Lucio
name: Wenzel, Julian
name: Ruef, Anne
name: Dwyer, Dominic
name: Ferro, Adele
name: Borgwardt, Stefan
name: Kambeitz, Joseph
name: Lichtenstein, Theresa Katharina
name: Meisenzahl, Eva
name: Pantelis, Christos
name: Rosen, Marlene
name: Upthegrove, Rachel
name: Antonucci, Linda A.
name: Bertolino, Alessandro
name: Lencer, Rebekka
name: Ruhrmann, Stephan
name: Salokangas, Raimo R. K.
name: Schultze-Lutter, Frauke
name: Chisholm, Katharine
name: Stainton, Alexandra
name: Wood, Stephen J.
name: Koutsouleris, Nikolaos
name: Brambilla, Paolo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Psychotic disorders are frequently associated with decline in functioning and cognitive difficulties are observed in subjects at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. In this work, we applied automatic approaches to neurocognitive and functioning measures, with the aim of investigating the link between global, social and occupational functioning, and cognition. 102 CHR subjects and 110 patients with recent onset depression (ROD) were recruited. Global assessment of functioning (GAF) related to symptoms (GAF-S) and disability (GAF-D). and global functioning social (GF-S) and role (GF-R), at baseline and of the previous month and year, and a set of neurocognitive measures, were used for classification and regression. Neurocognitive measures related to GF-R at baseline (r = 0.20, p = 0.004), GF-S at present (r = 0.14, p = 0.042) and of the past year (r = 0.19, p = 0.005), for GAF-F of the past month (r = 0.24, p < 0.001) and GAF-D of the past year (r = 0.28, p = 0.002). Classification reached values of balanced accuracy of 61% for GF-R and GAF–D. We found that neurocognition was related to psychosocial functioning. More specifically, a deficit in executive functions was associated to poor social and occupational functioning.
Evidence for Ubiquitous Collimated Galactic-Scale Outflows along the Star-Forming Sequence at z~0.5
Creators: name: Rubin, Kate H. R.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Koo, David C.
name: Phillips, Andrew C.
name: Martin, Crystal L.
name: Winstrom, Lucas O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the MgII 2796, 2803 and FeII 2586, 2600 absorption line profiles in individual spectra of 105 galaxies at 0.3 9.5 at 0.350 degrees (edge-on). Combined with the comparatively weak dependence of the wind detection rate on intrinsic galaxy properties, this suggests that biconical outflows are ubiquitous in normal, star-forming galaxies at z~0.5. We find that the wind velocity is correlated with host galaxy M_* at 3.4-sigma significance, while the equivalent width of the flow is correlated with host galaxy SFR at 3.5-sigma significance, suggesting that hosts with higher SFR may launch more material into outflows and/or generate a larger velocity spread for the absorbing clouds. Assuming that the gas is launched into dark matter halos with simple, isothermal density profiles, the wind velocities measured for the bulk of the cool material (~200-400 km/s) are sufficient to enable escape from the halo potentials only for the lowest-M_* systems in the sample. However, the outflows typically carry sufficient energy to reach distances of >50 kpc, and may therefore be a viable source of cool material for the massive circumgalactic medium observed around bright galaxies at z~0. [abridged]
description: Submitted to ApJ. 61 pages, 25 figures, 4 tables, 4 appendices. Uses emulateapj format
title: Eyn löbliche hystory von der demütigen vnd gehorsamen fraw Griselde; 1522
title: die frawen zu gedult vnd gehorsamkait gegen jren Egemaheln ziehende. Auch menigklich gut vnd nuetzlich zu lesen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Boccaccio, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Bibliogr. Nachweis: VD16 G 3359. - Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks im Kolophon: Gedrückt zu Nürnberg durch Jobst Gutknecht, do man zalt von Christi geburt. M.D.XXij. jare. - Angebl. Verf.: Giovanni Boccaccio
Optimal Cooperative Searching Using Purely Repulsive Interactions
Creators: name: Tani, Noriyuki P.
name: Blatt, Alan
name: Quint, David A.
name: Gopinathan, Ajay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Foraging, either solitarily or collectively, is a necessary behavior for survival that is demonstrated by many organisms. Foraging can be collectively optimized by utilizing communication between the organisms. Examples of such communication range from high level strategic foraging by animal groups to rudimentary signaling among unicellular organisms. Here we systematically study the simplest form of communication via long range repulsive interactions between two diffusing Brownian searchers on a one-dimensional lattice. We show that the mean first passage time for either of them to reach a fixed target depends non-monotonically on the range of the interaction and can be optimized for a repulsive range that is comparable to the average spacing between searchers. Our results suggest that even the most rudimentary form of collective searching does in fact lower the search time for the foragers suggesting robust mechanisms for search optimization in cellular communities
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Shear viscosity of pion gas due to $ρππ$ and $σππ$ interactions
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sabyasachi
name: Krein, Gastão
name: Sarkar, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have evaluated the shear viscosity of pion gas taking into account its scattering with the low mass resonances, $σ$ and $ρ$ during propagation in the medium. The thermal width (or collisional rate) of the pions is calculated from $πσ$ and $πρ$ loop diagrams using effective interactions in the real time formulation of finite temperature field theory. A very small value of shear viscosity by entropy density ratio ($η/s$), close to the KSS bound, is obtained which approximately matches the range of values of $η/s$ used by Niemi et al. \cite{Niemi} in order to fit the RHIC data of elliptic flow.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
PhasorClusteringData.zip
Creators: name: Vallmitjana, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The package contains all the code that was used for the simulations of lifetime phasor data, together with the code to generate the figure in the paper.It also contains the live cell measurement files used for figures 2 and 4 of the paper.
Adventurous Play for a Healthy Childhood: Facilitators and Barriers Identified by Parents in Britain
Creators: name: Oliver, Brooke
name: McCloy, Rachel
name: Harvey, Kate
name: Dodd, Helen
name: Nesbit, Rachel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Data, code and associated materials for Oliver et al. (2023) https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115828
Episodic radio galaxies J0116$-$4722 and J1158+2621: can we constrain the quiescent phase of nuclear activity?
Creators: name: Konar, C.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Jamrozy, M.
name: Croston, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multifrequency radio observations of two well known episodic FR\,II radio galaxies (J0116$-$4722 and J1158+2621) and a detailed investigation of the life-cycle of episodic radio galaxies from their spectral and radiative properties. Combining our previous work with the present results, we either constrain or place very good limits on the active and quiescent phases of a small sample of episodic FR\,II radio galaxies. The duration of the quiescent phase can be as small as the hotspot fading time of the previous episode, and as high as a few tens of Myr; however, for none of the sources in our sample is it close to the duration of the active phase of the previous episode. We also find that for many episodic radio galaxies, the nucleus is variable at radio wavelengths. For our small sample of 7 episodic radio galaxies, we find 4 to have strongly variable cores, a much larger proportion than is generally found in samples of normal FR\,II radio galaxies. Studies with larger samples will be required to establish a statistical association between core variability and episodic radio activity.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 10 tables, published in MNRAS
Growth factors in anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional and longitudinal data
Creators: name: Keeler, Johanna Louise
name: Robinson, Lauren
name: Keeler-Schäffeler, Rosemarie
name: Dalton, Bethan
name: Treasure, Janet
name: Himmerich, Hubertus
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Growth factors are signalling molecules that play roles in the survival, proliferation, migration, and differentiation of cells. Studies have found alterations in specific growth factors in anorexia nervosa (AN). This systematic review and meta-analysis examined articles from three databases, measuring growth factors in AN cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and in recovered AN (rec-AN) cross-sectionally. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin growth factor-I (IGF-1) for cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. A total of 82 studies were included: 56 cross-sectional (BDNF: n = 15; IGF-1: n = 41) and 24 longitudinal (BDNF: n = 5; IGF-1: n = 19) were meta-analysed and 20 studies were narratively synthesised. In cross-sectional analyses, BDNF and IGF-1 were lower in AN compared to controls, and BDNF was marginally greater in rec-AN compared to controls. In longitudinal meta-analyses, BDNF and IGF-1 increased from baseline to follow-up. Cross-sectional subgroup analyses revealed no differences in BDNF between controls and AN binge-eating/purging subtypes. It is likely that the low BDNF and IGF-1 levels found in AN are consequences of starvation, which are reversible with weight restoration. The increase in BDNF and IGF-1 during therapeutic weight restoration might improve neuroplasticity, which is the basis of learning, and thus psychotherapeutic success.
Category of asynchronous systems and polygonal morphisms
Creators: name: Husainov, Ahmet A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18A35, 18A40, 18B20, 68Q85

description: A weak asynchronous system is a trace monoid with a partial action on a set. A polygonal morphism between weak asynchronous systems commutes with the actions and preserves the independence of events. We prove that the category of weak asynchronous systems and polygonal morphisms has all limits and colimits.
description: 18 pages