cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Stability of a Tapered Femoral Stem in Total Hip Arthroplasty using Radiostereometric Analysis
Creators: name: Kane, Christina
name: Nebergall, Audrey
name: Greene, Meridith
name: Porter, Anthony
name: Snyder, Benjamin
name: Walcott, Marie
name: Aubin, Michelle E.
name: Drew, Jacob M.
name: Hays, Peyton L.
name: Eskander, Mark S.
name: Malchau, Henrik
name: Bragdon, Charles R.
name: Ayers, David
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Early femoral implant stability is essential to long-term success in total hip replacement (THR). Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) provides highly precise measurements of stem micromotion relative to the femur that are otherwise not detectable by routine radiographs. This study characterized micromotion of a tapered, cementless femoral stem using RSA up to 5 years following THR.

Methods: This IRB-approved, prospective, randomized, blinded study, involved 46 patients with a mean age of 58 and BMI of 30. All patients received a cementless, porous-coated titanium double tapered stem (M/L Taper, Zimmer) manufactured with 3 tantalum RSA beads and underwent primary THR by a single surgeon (DCA). RSA examinations, Harris Hip, UCLA, WOMAC, SF-36 scores were obtained at 10 days, 6 months, and annually through 5 years.

Results: Thirty-four patients have RSA analyses at five years. The y-axis stem subsidence was greatest in the first 6 months (0.09 mm/yr), and stabilized thereafter with minimal further micromotion. The median stem subsidence was 0.01 ± 0.06 mm (standard error, SE) at 5 years. There was a statistically significant difference in subsidence between the 6-month interval and the 5-year interval (p = 0.027). Two outlying patients had significantly higher stem subsidence values at 6 months (0.7 mm and 1.0mm). One stem stabilized without further subsidence after 6 months (0.7mm), and the other stem continued to subside throughout the postoperative period. Neither patient has clinical evidence of loosening. All patients had a statistically significant improvement in pain and function measures following THA (p

Conclusion: This cementless, double-tapered femoral stem shows excellent stability in young THR patients through 5 years, with no clinical or radiologic episodes of failure. The small amount of micromotion is less than that previously reported for similar tapered, cementless stems and approaches the accuracy of RSA (0.05 mm).
What drives AdS unstable?
Creators: name: Maliborski, Maciej
name: Rostworowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the spectrum of linear perturbations of standing wave solutions discussed in [Phys. Rev. D 87, 123006 (2013)], as the first step to investigate the stability of globally regular, asymptotically AdS, time-periodic solutions discovered in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 051102 (2013)]. We show that while this spectrum is only asymptotically nondispersive (as contrasted with the pure AdS case), putting a small standing wave solution on the top of AdS solution indeed prevents the turbulent instability. Thus we support the idea advocated in previous works that nondispersive character of the spectrum of linear perturbations of AdS space is crucial for the conjectured turbulent instability.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor corrections in the text
title: Radiostereometric Analysis of Tantalum vs. Titanium Acetabular Shells in Young THR Patients
Creators: name: Kane, Christina
name: Porter, Anthony
name: Snyder, Benjamin
name: Walcott, Marie
name: Aubin, Michelle E.
name: Drew, Jacob M.
name: Greene, Meridith
name: Malchau, Henrik
name: Bragdon, Charles R.
name: Ayers, David
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: In the active total hip replacement (THR) population, maintaining acetabular component stability and limiting polyethylene wear are crucial components to preventing premature implant failure. Titanium with Co/Cr/Mo fiber metal coating is among the most common materials used in cementless THR. Trabecular metal, composed of porous tantalum, has a metallic strut design resembling trabecular bone, designed to improve tissue infiltration and limit migration. This study assesses the stability and clinical outcomes of tantalum versus titanium acetabular shells using radiostereometric analysis (RSA) technology.

Methods: In this IRB approved, prospective, randomized, blinded study, 46 patients received a primary THR by a single surgeon (DCA). Each patient was randomized to receive a titanium (23) (Trilogy, Zimmer) or tantalum (23) (Modular tantalum shell, Zimmer) uncemented hemispheric cup and either a highly-crosslinked or conventional polyethylene liner. Tantalum RSA markers were implanted around the liner periphery, femur, and periacetabular bone in each patient. RSA examinations, Harris Hip, UCLA, WOMAC, SF-36 scores were obtained at 10 days, 6 months, and annually with the furthest patients evaluated through 5 years.

Results: Median translation was greater at all time points for the tantalum mesh cups except for the 3-year follow-up, however due to large standard errors, there was no significant difference between the two designs (p>0.05). These large standard errors were predominantly caused by two outliers, neither of which had clinical evidence of loosening at 5 years follow-up. Mean UCLA, WOMAC, Harris Hip, and SF-36 PCS and MCS scores improved similarly in both groups.

Conclusions: In this young THR population, both titanium and tantalum acetabular shells demonstrated excellent stability at five years follow up. Tantalum shells demonstrated slightly greater micromotion, but there was no statistically significant difference in shell migration. Outstanding clinical outcomes with statistically significant improvements in function and pain relief were observed in both groups.
title: High-throughput Genome Scaffolding from in vivo DNA Interaction Frequency
Creators: name: Kaplan, Noam
name: Dekker, Job
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Despite the advancement of DNA-sequencing technology, assembly of complex genomes remains a major challenge. Surprisingly, the quality of published assemblies of complex genomes has in fact decreased, due to the discrepancy between the rate of advancement of short read sequencing and that of scaffolding technology. Short read sequencing typically yields accurate, but disconnected, contigs. However, high-throughput scaffolding of contigs into chromosomes, based on long-insert paired-end read libraries, is a difficult task and yields highly fragmented genomes. Further scaffolding, which is required to improve the degree of completion of genome sequences, typically relies on laborious or low-throughput methods. We have developed a novel sequencing-based high-throughput approach to genome assembly, based on the notion that loci that are near each other in the genomic sequence have a high probability of interacting with each other. Using probabilistic models, we demonstrate that genome-wide in vivo chromatin interaction frequency measurements, easily measurable with 3C-based experiments, can be used as genomic distance proxies to accurately detect the position of individual contigs over large distances without requiring any sequence overlap. Furthermore, we demonstrate our approach can karyotype and scaffold an entire genome de novo. Applying our approach to incomplete regions of the human genome, we predict the positions of 65 previously unplaced contigs, in agreement with alternative methods in 26/31 cases attempted in common. Our approach can theoretically bridge any gap size, is simple, robust, scalable and applicable to any species.
title: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2016): Tecnoscienza Nr. 13
title: Tecnoscienza Nr. 13
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal Of Science & Technology Studies
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2016

description: DOUBLE SPECIAL ISSUE - Part One Digital Circulation: Media, Materiality, Infrastructures
description: Janet Vertesi, Seeing Like a Rover. How Robots, Teams and Images Craft Knowledge of Mars, University of Chicago Press, 2015...170-172 Philippe Sormani, Respecifying Lab Ethnography: An Ethnomethodological Study of Experimental Physics, Ashgate, 2014...167-170 Malcolm Nicolson and John E.E. Fleming, Imaging and Imagining the Fetus: The Development of Obstetric Ultrasound, John Hopkins University Press, 2013...164-167 Margaret Grebowicz and Helen Merrick, Beyond the Cyborg. Adventures with Donna Haraway, Columbia University Press, 2013...162-164 Raymond Corbey and Annete Lanjouw (eds.), The Politics of Species. Reshaping our Relationships with Other Animals, Cambridge University Press, 2014...159-161 David Novak and Matt Sakakeeny (eds.), Keywords in Sound, Duke University Press, 2015...157-158 Nick Couldry, Media, Society, World. Social Theory and Digital Media Practice, Pearson, 2015...153-157 Tarleton Gillespie, Pablo J. Boczkowski and Kirsten A. Foot (eds.), Media Technologies. Essays on Communication, Materiality, and Society, The MIT Press, 2014...150-153 Journalism and the Circulation of Communicative Objects...129-148 STS and Media Studies. Alternative Paths in Different Countries...109-128 A Different Kind of Story. Tracing the Histories and Cultural Marks of Pirate Copied Film...87-108 Strategies of Circulation Restriction in Whistleblowing. The Pentagon Papers, WikiLeaks and Snowden Cases...67-85 Plants as Digital Things. The Global Circulation of Future Breeding Options and their Storage in Gene Banks...45-66 Polaroid 2.0. Photo-Objects and Analogue Instant Photography in the Digital Age...17-44 Digital Circulation: Media, Materiality, Infrastructures. An Introduction...7-15 A New Triennium (2016-18)...5-6 Velocipedia (Cover’s Comment)
A classification of complete $3$-dimensional self-shrinkers in the Euclidean space $\mathbb R^{4}$
Creators: name: Cheng, Qing-Ming
name: Li, Zhi
name: Wei, Guoxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we completely classify $3$-dimensional complete self-shrinkers with constant norm $S$ of the second fundamental form and constant $f_{3}$ in Euclidean space $\mathbb R^{4}$, where $h_{ij}$ are components of the second fundamental form, $S=\sum_{i,j}h^{2}_{ij}$ and $f_{3}=\sum_{i,j,k}h_{ij}h_{jk}h_{ki}$.
Three-component Ultracold Fermi Gases with Spin-Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: Zhou, Lihong
name: Cui, Xiaoling
name: Yi, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the pairing physics in a three-component Fermi-Fermi mixture, where a few impurities are immersed in a non-interacting spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Fermi gas with synthetic spin-orbit coupling (SOC), and interact attractively with one spin species in the Fermi gas. Due to the interplay of SOC and spin-selective interaction, the molecular state intrinsically acquires a non-zero center-of-mass momentum, which results in a new type of Fulde-Ferrell (FF) pairing in spin-orbit coupled Fermi systems. The existence of the Fermi sea can also lead to the competition between FF-like molecular states with different center-of-mass momenta, which corresponds to a first-order transition between FF phases in the thermodynamic limit. As the interaction strength is tuned, a polaron-molecule transition occurs in the highly imbalanced system, where the boundary varies non-monotonically with SOC parameters and gives rise to the reentrance of polaron states. The rich physics in this system can be probed using existing experimental techniques.
description: 5+1.5 pages, 5+1 figures; published version
title: Low Self-Reported Physical Function Status Was an Excellent Predictor of Adverse Postoperative Course in Older Veterans Having Knee and Hip Surgery
Creators: name: Kapoor, Alok
name: Chew, Priscilla
name: Reisman, Joel
name: Berlowitz, Dan
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Objectives: To measure the association between functional status and an adverse postoperative course.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Participants: Older adults who underwent total hip and knee replacement (THR and TKR) at a VA facility from 2002-2009. To be included, subjects must have completed the Veteran Rand-12 (VR-12) within six months of surgery. VR-12 is a general purpose 12 item health quality survey nearly identical to the SF-12 for which the summary score of physical health called physical component score (PCS) is normed to a value of 50 for US adults with standard deviation of 10.

Measurements: We measured the association of PCS split into quartiles with the outcomes major complication (cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, stoke, respiratory failure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, sepsis, and renal failure), discharge to nursing home, and readmission. We checked our association for confounding by age, race, surgery type, facility volume, duration of time between collection of PCS and surgery, and clustering by facility.

Results: We identified 3,542 THR and TKR surgeries for which PCS information was available. The very lowest quartile of PCS (values 4.9-24.2) predicted a 2.7 fold increase in odds of major complications, 2.1 fold increase in odds of discharge to nursing home, and a 1.9 fold increase in odds of readmission compared with highest quartile (PCS 38.9-61). The next lowest quartile (PCS 24.3-31.8) also predicted elevated rates of major complication and readmission.

Conclusions: Very low PCS predicts greater than a 2 fold increase in major complication and readmission after total hip and knee replacement. Future research should re-measure the effect of very low PCS in populations not addressed by our study including women, patients having non-orthopedic surgery, and nonveterans.
Limiting distribution of extremal eigenvalues of d-dimensional random Schrödinger operator
Creators: name: Kawaai, Kaito
name: Maruyama, Yugo
name: Nakano, Fumihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B93, 47N30, 60F05

description: We consider Schrödinger operator with random decaying potential on $\ell^2 ({\bf Z}^d)$ and showed that, (i) IDS coincides with that of free Laplacian in general cases, and (ii) the set of extremal eigenvalues, after rescaling, converges to a inhomogeneous Poisson process, under certain condition on the single-site distribution, and (iii) there are "border-line" cases, such that we have Poisson statistics in the sense of (ii) above if the potential does not decay, while we do not if the potential does decay.
description: Some errors in published version are corrected
title: Differential Gene Expression Analysis and Clinical Correlations within Endemic Burkitt Lymphoma
Creators: name: Kaymaz, Yasin
name: Oduor, Cliff I.
name: Vulule, John
name: Otieno, Juliana A.
name: Moormann, Ann M.
name: Bailey, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Endemic Burkitt lymphoma (eBL) is the most common pediatric cancer in equatorial Africa and is associated with malaria and Epstein-Barr virus co-infections. Molecular alterations within the eBL tumor genome and transcriptome have not been adequately investigated or compared to sporadic Burkitt lymphoma (sBL). Given that eBL has distinct clinical presentations in the jaw as opposed to the abdomen which are associated with survival, we hypothesize that transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and potentially underlying genetic alterations will enhance our understanding of pathogenesis. Our results compare genome-wide RNA transcript abundances between eBL tumors from children (ages 6-7 yrs) with Stage I (Jaw tumor, n=14) and Stage II (abdominal, n=24) disease from Western Kenya to previously published work analyzing sBL which present in older children residing in developed countries and that tend not to be associated with EBV. Our initial analysis confirms mutational changes with likely functional alterations in the genes ID3 and TCF3, the key regulators of oncogenic pathways implicated in BL. However, the specific mutations observed in sBL are at lower frequency within eBL cases. This work represents the first comprehensive gene expression profile analysis of different eBL tumors. Hierarchical clustering, gene ontology and pathway analysis will provide insight into pathogenesis and new targets for chemotherapy.
Classical noise assists the flow of quantum energy by `momentum rejuvenation'
Creators: name: Li, Ying
name: Caruso, Filippo
name: Gauger, Erik
name: Benjamin, Simon C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important challenge in quantum science is to fully understand the efficiency of energy flow in networks. Here we present a simple and intuitive explanation for the intriguing observation that optimally efficient networks are not purely quantum, but are assisted by some interaction with a `noisy' classical environment. By considering the system's dynamics in both the site-basis and the momentum-basis, we show that the effect of classical noise is to sustain a broad momentum distribution, countering the depletion of high mobility terms which occurs as energy exits from the network. This picture predicts that the optimal level of classical noise is reciprocally related to the linear dimension of the lattice; our numerical simulations verify this prediction to high accuracy for regular 1D and 2D networks over a range of sizes up to thousands of sites. This insight leads to the discovery that dramatic further improvements in performance occur when a driving field targets noise at the low mobility components.
The Electroweak Vacuum Angle
Creators: name: Perez, Pavel Fileviez
name: Patel, Hiren H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal a new source of CP-violation in the electroweak sector that is free of any experimental bounds, and we highlight the possible implications for baryogenesis.
description: to appear in Physics Letters B
Exceptional points as signatures of dynamical magnetic phase transitions
Creators: name: Deng, Kuangyin
name: Li, Xin
name: Flebus, Benedetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most fascinating and puzzling aspects of non-Hermitian systems is their spectral degeneracies, i.e., exceptional points (EPs), at which both eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce to form a defective state space. While coupled magnetic systems are natural hosts of EPs, the relation between the linear and nonlinear spin dynamics in the proximity of EPs remains relatively unexplored. Here we theoretically investigate the spin dynamics of easy-plane magnetic bilayers in the proximity of exceptional points. We show that the interplay between the intrinsically dissipative spin dynamics and external drives can yield a rich dynamical phase diagram. In particular, we find that, in antiferromagnetically coupled bilayers, a periodic oscillating dynamical phase emerges in the region enclosed by EPs. Our results not only offer a pathway for probing magnetic EPs and engineering magnetic nano-oscillators with large-amplitude oscillations, but also uncover the relation between exceptional points and dynamical phase transitions in systems displaying non-linearities.
The Imaginary Starobinsky Model
Creators: name: Ferrara, Sergio
name: Kehagias, Alex
name: Riotto, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent detection by the BICEP2 collaboration of a high level of tensor modes seems to exclude the Starobinsky model of inflation. In this paper we show that this conclusion can be avoided: one can embed the Starobinsky model in supergravity and identify the inflaton field with the imaginary (instead of the real) part of the chiral scalaron multiplet in its formulation. Once coupled to matter, the Starobinsky model may then become the chaotic quadratic model with shift symmetry during inflation and is in good agreement with the current data.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
title: Psychometric Evaluation of the Care Transition Measures in a Sample of ACS Patients: Results from Transitions, Risks, and Actions in Coronary Events – Center for Outcomes Research and Education (TRACE-CORE)
Creators: name: Anatchkova, Milena D.
name: Barysauskas, Constance
name: Kinney, Rebecca L.
name: Lombardini, Lisa
name: Allison, Jeroan J.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Background: Quality of transitional care is associated with important health outcomes such as rehospitalization and costs. A widely used measure of the construct, the Care Transitions Measure (CTM-15), was developed with classical test theory approach. Its short version (CTM-3) was included in the CAHPS® Hospital Survey.

Methods: As part of TRACE-CORE 1545 participants were interviewed during hospitalization for ACS providing information on general health status (SF-36). At 1 month post-discharge, patients completed CTM-15, health utilization and care process questions. We evaluated the psychometric properties of the CTM using classical and item response theory analyses. We compared the measurement precision of CTM-15, CTM-3, and a CTM-IRT based score using relative validity (RV).

Results: Participants were 79% non-Hispanic white, 67% male, 27% with a college education or higher (27%) and average age of 62 years. The CTM scale had good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.95), but demonstrated strong acquiescence bias (8.7% participants responded “Strongly agree”, 19% “Agree” to all 15 items) and limited score variability. IRT based item parameters were estimated for all items. The CTM-15 differentiated between groups of patients defined by self-reported health status, health care utilization, and care transition process indicators. Differences between groups were small (2-3 points). There was no gain in measurement precision for the scale from IRT scoring. The CTM-3 was not significantly lower for patients reporting rehospitalization or emergency department visits.

Conclusion: We identified psychometric challenges of the CTM, which may limit its value in research and practice. The strong acquiescence bias in the measure leads to highly skewed, clustered scores with restricted score variance. In the absence of guidelines on meaningfully important differences, it is hard to determine whether detected statistically significant differences in CTM are important. These results are in line with emerging evidence of gaps in the validity of the measure.
Dynamic behaviors of the hexagonal Ising nanowire
Creators: name: Ertas, Mehmet
name: Kocakaplan, Yusuf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By utilizing the effective-field theory based on the Glauber-type stochastic dynamics, the dynamic behaviors of the hexagonal Ising nanowire (HIN) system in the presence of a time dependent magnetic field are obtained. The time variations of average order parameters and the thermal behavior of the dynamic order parameters are studied to analyze the nature of transitions and to obtain the dynamic phase transition points. The dynamic phase diagrams are introduced in the plane of the reduced temperature versus magnetic field amplitude. The dynamic phase diagrams exhibit coexistence phase region, several ordered phases and critical point as well as a reentrant behavior.
description: 12 Pages, 4 Figures
title: High Performance Amphiphilic Polymer/Hydroxyapatite Composite Tissue Scaffolds
Creators: name: Kutikov, Artem B.
name: Song, Jie
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: There is a critical clinical need for alternatives to autograft and allograft bone for over 500,000 bone grafting operations performed each year in the United States. Current synthetic bone grafts suffer from poor handling characteristics, brittle mechanical properties, and inconsistent bioactivity. By blending a biodegradable amphiphilic polymer with hydroxyapatite (HA), the main mineral component in bone, we developed an improved synthetic bone graft. The polymer/HA composites were fabricated in both 2-D and 3-D forms by electrospinning and 3-D printing. These materials exhibited unique handling characteristics such as high tensile elasticity (>200% failure strain) and self-stiffening properties upon hydration, allowing their facile/stabile fixation around an open defect or within a confined defect. They are also superhydrophilic, enabling the absorption of aqueous cell suspensions and protein therapeutics. We showed that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) readily attached to these scaffolds and expressed increased levels of osteogenic genes with and without osteogenic induction in culture. These scaffolds also supported the retention and sustained release of rhBMP-2. These high-performance composite materials are being explored for guided bone regeneration and skeletal tissue repair in various formats.
Dirac quasinormal modes of two-dimensional charged Dilatonic Black Holes
Creators: name: Becar, Ramon
name: Gonzalez, P. A.
name: Vasquez, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charged fermionic perturbations in the background of two-dimensional charged Dilatonic black holes, and we present the exact Dirac quasinormal modes. Also, we study the stability of these black holes under charged fermionic perturbations.
description: version accepted for publication in EPJC. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1404.5371, arXiv:1404.6023
title: Pericyte NF-κB Activation Enhances Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Proangiogenic Cytokine Secretion
Creators: name: LaBarbera, Katherine E.
name: Hyldahl, Robert D.
name: Witkowski, Sarah
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Pericytes are skeletal muscle resident, multipotent stem cells that are localized to capillaries. They respond to damage through activation of nuclear-factor kappa-B (NF-κB), a transcription factor that regulates many cellular processes including inflammation. Research has shown that pericyte NF-κB activation positively affects myoblast proliferation. It is unknown how pericyte NF-κB affects signaling and proliferation of endothelial cells, an important component of muscle tissue microcirculation.

PURPOSE: To determine the effects of altered pericyte NF-κB activity on endothelial cell proliferation and identify inflammatory factors involved in this cell-cell signaling.

METHODS: Human primary pericytes were transfected with vectors designed to increase or decrease NF-κB activity (or empty vector control). Transfected pericytes were co-cultured with human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) using transwell inserts. HMVEC proliferation was assessed via cell counting at 24 and 48 hr. Secreted cytokines in cell culture supernatants were screened using a Luminex multiplex assay.

RESULTS: HMVEC proliferation was greater in the increased pericyte NF-κB activity condition compared to the decreased NF-κB condition at 24 and 48 hr (1.3 fold, p=0.002). At 24 hr, cytokine secretion was greater in the increased NF-κB condition compared to control and decreased NF-κB conditions for 14 cytokines, including interleukin-8 (IL-8; 6.4 fold, p<0.01), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1; 4.4 fold, p<0.01), and regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES; 10.6 fold, p<0.01).

CONCLUSION: NF-κB activation in pericytes caused increased HMVEC proliferation, which may have been mediated by proinflammatory and proangiogenic cytokines known to be under the transcriptional regulation of NF-κB.
Audio Declipping with (Weighted) Analysis Social Sparsity
Creators: name: Záviška, Pavel
name: Rajmic, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop the analysis (cosparse) variant of the popular audio declipping algorithm of Siedenburg et al. (2014). Furthermore, we extend both the old and the new variants by the possibility of weighting the time-frequency coefficients. We examine the audio reconstruction performance of several combinations of weights and shrinkage operators. The weights are shown to improve the reconstruction quality in some cases; however, the best scores achieved by the non-weighted methods are not surpassed with the help of weights. Yet, the analysis Empirical Wiener (EW) shrinkage was able to reach the quality of a computationally more expensive competitor, the Persistent Empirical Wiener (PEW). Moreover, the proposed analysis variant incorporating PEW slightly outperforms the synthesis counterpart in terms of an auditorily motivated metric.
Fast-mode elimination in stochastic metapopulation models
Creators: name: Constable, George W. A.
name: McKane, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate the stochastic dynamics of entities which are confined to a set of islands, between which they migrate. They are assumed to be one of two types, and in addition to migration, they also reproduce and die. Systems which fall into this class are common in biology and social science, occurring in ecology, population genetics, epidemiology, biochemistry, linguistics, opinion dynamics, and other areas. In all these cases the governing equations are intractable, consisting as they do of multidimensional Fokker-Planck equations or, equivalently, coupled nonlinear stochastic differential equations with multiplicative noise. We develop a methodology which exploits a separation in time scales between fast and slow variables to reduce these equations so that they resemble those for a single island, which are amenable to analysis. The technique is generally applicable, but we choose to discuss it in the context of population genetics, in part because of the extra features that appear due to selection. The idea behind the method is simple, its application systematic, and the results in very good agreement with simulations of the full model for a range of parameter values.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Multivariate generalized linear mixed models for underdispersed count data
Creators: name: da Silva, Guilherme Parreira
name: Laureano, Henrique Aparecido
name: Petterle, Ricardo Rasmussen
name: Júnior, Paulo Justiniano Ribeiro
name: Bonat, Wagner Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3
subject: 62J05

description: Researchers are often interested in understanding the relationship between a set of covariates and a set of response variables. To achieve this goal, the use of regression analysis, either linear or generalized linear models, is largely applied. However, such models only allow users to model one response variable at a time. Moreover, it is not possible to directly calculate from the regression model a correlation measure between the response variables. In this article, we employed the Multivariate Generalized Linear Mixed Models framework, which allows the specification of a set of response variables and calculates the correlation between them through a random effect structure that follows a multivariate normal distribution. We used the maximum likelihood estimation framework to estimate all model parameters using Laplace approximation to integrate out the random effects. The derivatives are provided by automatic differentiation. The outer maximization was made using a general-purpose algorithm such as \texttt{PORT} and \texttt{BFGS}. We delimited this problem by studying only count response variables with the following distributions: Poisson, negative binomial (NB) and COM-Poisson. The models were implemented on software \texttt{R} with package \texttt{TMB}. Besides the full specification, models with simpler structures in the covariance matrix were considered (fixed and common variance, fixed dispersion, $ρ$ set to 0). These models were applied to a dataset from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, where three underdispersed response variables were measured at 1281 subjects. The COM-Poisson model full specified overcome the other two competitors considering three goodness-of-fit indexes. Therefore, the proposed model can deal with multivariate count responses and measures the correlation between them taking into account the effects of the covariates.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
title: Prevalence and Comorbidity of Alcohol Dependence, Depression, and Anxiety Disorders in their Association with the Serotonin Transporter Gene
Creators: name: Miozzo, Ruben
name: Bienvenu, O. Joseph
name: Eaton, William W.
name: Nestadt, Gerald
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Depression and anxiety disorders have been found to be highly comorbid in epidemiologic studies. Furthermore, the presence of the short allele of the serotonin transporter gene (5HTT) has been found to be associated with an increased prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, as well as personality disorders.

Aims: To examine the association of the 5HTT and the risk of prevalence and comorbidity for, Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, as well as several anxiety disorders in a sample of the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Survey Follow-up Study.

Methods: We estimated lifetime prevalence and the risk of comorbidity for Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Panic Disorder, Agoraphobia, Social Phobia, Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Simple Phobia, Dysthymic Disorder. All subjects were evaluated by a psychiatrist using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry. In addition, we assessed the impact of the carrier status into the prevalence and comorbidity estimates of the aforementioned disorders.

Results: A significant association was found between an increased risk for the lifetime prevalence of Panic Disorder and the 5-HTT “s” polymorphism (OR (95% CI): 3.10 (1.33; 7.27). A higher risk for lifetime prevalence of Panic Disorder and the 5-HTT “s” polymorphism was found in women carriers as compared to men(OR (95% CI): 3.54 (1.41; 8.91)). Panic Disorder had significant comorbidities with Alcohol Dependence, Alcohol Abuse, MDD, Bipolar Disorder, Agoraphobia, Social Phobia, OCD, Simple Phobia and Adjustment Disorder. These associations were higher in women as compared to men carriers. Comorbidities for Simple Phobia were highly significant in males for most anxiety disorders and MDD.

Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of comorbidity amongst most of the anxiety disorders in this population. The effect of the 5HTT carrier status was only associated with an increment in the risk of having a Panic Disorder.
Supplementary Material: Critical appraisal of multi-drug therapy in the ambulatory management of patients with COVID-19 and hypoxemia
Creators: name: Gkioulekas, Eleftherios
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490502
subject: Biostatistics
classificationCode: 420319
subject: Primary health care

description: This document contains the supplementary material for our research publication titled: “Critical appraisal of multi-drug therapy in the ambulatory management of patients with COVID-19 and hypoxemia”. The document includes a brief explanation of the mathematical technique used for case series analysis, in general, the threshold calculations for the case series analyzed in the manuscript, and the threshold calculations for the treatment arm of the I-TECH study. Also included is the computer code that we have used to analyze the CDC database “COVID-19 case surveillance public use data with geography” and several tables displaying our calculations of the hospitalized and ICU CFR, using the January 20, 2023 snapshot of the database. Finally, we attach copies of the Parirenyatwa hospitals redzone statistics report, the SID protocol document, and some demographic data for the Babalola case series.
Influence of the interplanetary driver type on the durations of main and recovery phases of magnetic storms
Creators: name: Yermolaev, Yu. I.
name: Lodkina, I. G.
name: Nikolaeva, N. S.
name: Yermolaev, M. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study durations of main and recovery phases of magnetic storms induced by different types of large-scale solar-wind streams (Sheath, magnetic cloud (MC), Ejecta and CIR) on the basis of OMNI data base during 1976-2000. Durations of both main and recovery phases depend on types of interplanetary drivers. On the average, duration of main phase of storms induced by compressed regions (CIR and Sheath) is shorter than by MC and Ejecta while duration of recovery phase of CIR- and Sheath-induced storms is longer. Analysis of durations of individual storms shows that durations of main and recovery phases anti-correlate for CIR- and Sheath-induced storms and there is not dependence between them for (MC+Ejecta)-induced storms.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, prepared for JGR
Greedy versus Map-based Optimized Adaptive Algorithms for random-telegraph-noise mitigation by spectator qubits
Creators: name: Tonekaboni, Behnam
name: Chantasri, Areeya
name: Song, Hongting
name: Liu, Yanan
name: Wiseman, Howard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a scenario where data-storage qubits are kept in isolation as far as possible, with minimal measurements and controls, noise mitigation can still be done using additional noise probes, with corrections applied only when needed. Motivated by the case of solid-state qubits, we consider dephasing noise arising from a two-state fluctuator, described by random telegraph process, and a noise probe which is also a qubit, a so-called spectator qubit (SQ). We construct the theoretical model assuming projective measurements on the SQ, and derive the performance of different measurement and control strategies in the regime where the noise mitigation works well. We start with the Greedy algorithm; that is, the strategy that always maximizes the data qubit coherence in the immediate future. We show numerically that this algorithm works very well, and find that its adaptive strategy can be well approximated by a simpler algorithm with just a few parameters. Based on this, and an analytical construction using Bayesian maps, we design a one-parameter ($Θ$) family of algorithms. In the asymptotic regime of high noise-sensitivity of the SQ, we show analytically that this $Θ$-family of algorithms reduces the data qubit decoherence rate by a divisor scaling as the square of this sensitivity. Setting $Θ$ equal to its optimal value, $Θ^\star$, yields the Map-based Optimized Adaptive Algorithm for Asymptotic Regime (MOAAAR). We show, analytically and numerically, that MOAAAR outperforms the Greedy algorithm, especially in the regime of high noise sensitivity of SQ.
description: 31 pages and 13 figures. This is a companion paper to arXiv:2205.12567
title: Self-esteem Influences on Multiple Domains: Stress, Health, Mood, and Social Identity
Creators: name: Lapp, Hannah E.
name: Power, Stephanie L.
name: O'Brien, Kymberlee M.
name: Moore, Celia L.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: The present investigation assessed self-esteem effects on biological and subjective chronic stress measures, including cardiovascular parameters, health indicators, and mood. Moderators were examined, including vagal tone and social identity. High self-esteem was associated with higher baseline positivity, lower baseline negativity, and lower subjective stress across numerous domains including: city stress, chaos at home, and perceived stress (all p<.05). Vagal tone moderated the relationship between self-esteem and the chronic stress measure: hair cortisol (p<.05). The high self-esteem group showed lower cortisol, particularly when coupled with high vagal tone. Individuals with low vagal tone had the highest cortisol; for those individuals, high self-esteem does not appear to buffer this relationship. Vagal tone also moderated the relationship between self-esteem and resting heart rate (p<.05). Individuals with low vagal tone showed higher resting heart rate and high self-esteem did not appear to buffer this effect. Social identity, specifically positive race/ethnic identity, moderated the relationship between self-esteem and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Specifically, individuals with low self-esteem and low social identity showed the highest WHR. For those with low social identity and high self-esteem, however, WHR was decreased. These findings indicate that high self-esteem may be related to health, mood, and lower subjective stress. High self-esteem may not be sufficient, however, to buffer physiological indicators of chronic stress in individuals with low vagal tone. Additionally, personal self-esteem may more strongly influence health in individuals who do not have strong social identity. Future directions include investigating psychosocial factors that increase vagal tone to improve mood and well-being.
Anomalous diffusion in nonhomogeneous media: Time-subordinated Langevin equation approach
Creators: name: Srokowski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion in nonhomogeneous media is described by a dynamical process driven by a general Levy noise and subordinated to a random time; the subordinator depends on the position. This problem is approximated by a multiplicative process subordinated to a random time: it separately takes into account effects related to the medium structure and the memory. Density distributions and moments are derived from the solutions of the corresponding Langevin equation and compared with the numerical calculations for the exact problem. Both subdiffusion and enhanced diffusion are predicted. Distribution of the process satisfies the fractional Fokker-Planck equation.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Optimized mitigation of random-telegraph-noise dephasing by spectator-qubit sensing and control
Creators: name: Song, Hongting
name: Chantasri, Areeya
name: Tonekaboni, Behnam
name: Wiseman, Howard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectator qubits (SQs) are a tool to mitigate noise in hard-to-access data qubits. The SQ, designed to be much more sensitive to the noise, is measured frequently, and the accumulated results used rarely to correct the data qubits. For the hardware-relevant example of dephasing from random telegraph noise, we introduce a Bayesian method employing complex linear maps which leads to a plausibly optimal adaptive measurement and control protocol. The suppression of the decoherence rate is quadratic in the SQ sensitivity, establishing that the SQ paradigm works arbitrarily well in the right regime.
description: 5 pages and 3 figures. This is a companion letter to arXiv:2205.12566
Comments on "Growth of Covariant Perturbations in the Contracting Phase of a Bouncing Universe" by A. Kumar
Creators: name: Pinto-Neto, N.
name: Vitenti, S. D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent paper by Kumar (2012) (hereafter K12) claimed that in a contracting model, described by perturbations around a collapsing Friedmann model containing dust or radiation, the perturbations can grow in such a way that the linearity conditions would become invalid. This conclusion is not correct due to the following facts: first, it is claimed that the linearity conditions are not satisfied, but nowhere in K12 the amplitudes of the perturbations were in fact estimated. Therefore, without such estimates, the only possible conclusion from this work is the well known fact that the perturbations indeed grow during contraction, which, per se, does not imply that the linearity conditions become invalid. Second, some evaluations of the linearity conditions are incorrect because third other terms, instead of the appropriate second order ones, are mistakenly compared with first order terms, yielding artificially fast growing conditions. Finally, it is claimed that the results of K12 are in sharp contrast with the results of the paper by Vitenti and Pinto-Neto (2012) (hereafter VPN12), because the former was obtained in a gauge invariant way. However, the author of K12 did not realized that the evolution of the perturbations were also calculated in a gauge invariant way in VPN12, but some of the linearity conditions which are necessary to be checked cannot be expressed in terms of gauge invariant quantities. In the present work, the incorrect or incomplete statements of K12 are clarified and completed, and it is shown that all other correct results of K12 were already present in VPN12, whose conclusions remain untouched, namely, that cosmological perturbations of quantum mechanical origin in a bouncing model can remain in the linear regime all along the contracting phase and at the bounce itself for a wide interval of energy scales of the bounce. (Abstract abridged)
description: 7 pages, revtex4-1, accepted for publication in PRD
Merging Black Holes: Assessing the Performance of Two Analytic Gravitational Waves Models
Creators: name: Buskirk, Dillon
name: Hamilton, Maria C. Babiuc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Merging black holes produce the loudest signal in the detectors. However, this is the most difficult signal to accurately predict with analytical techniques. Only computer simulations can account for the nonlinear physics during the collision, but they are inherently complex, costly, and affected by numerical errors. In order to bypass this problem, two analytical models for the merger have been developed: the Implicit Rotating Source (IRS) and the newer Backwards one Body (BoB). In this work, we assess the performance of the BoB model by comparing it with the older IRS model and with the numerical data, identifying its strengths and weaknesses. Our main finding reveals discrepancies in amplitude, but overall excellent accord in frequency. The BoB model is comparable with the IRS and NR simulations, having the added advantage that it depends only indirectly on numerical data, it accounts for spin, and it offers a seamless fit with the analytical formalisms for the inspiral. By independently evaluating and testing those models, we bring evidence of their reproducibility, thus upholding high scientific standards, and make available our implementation, enabling readers to evaluate our results themselves.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures