cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Employees Engagement in Commercial Bank of Ethiopia Addis Ababa area Branches
Creators: name: Selam, Asnake
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Many researches have been conducted on the construct of employee engagement and they all agreed that it is the basics for an organization to achieve its objectives and stay competent in the market. However despite this fact, there is still lack of well-structured study conducted in the area particularly in our country. The main objective of this research is so to identify the factors that determine engagement of employees specifically in CBE. Cross sectional field study design was used to collect the required data. A sample of 269 employees was taken by applying convenient sampling technique out of which 220 respondents have replied, which was found valid for the analysis. The data collected through distributing questionnaire were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis by applying SPSS version 20. The results of the study indicated that all the factors listed in it (Employee promotion & growth opportunity, reward & recognition, immediate supervisor support, co-workers and payment) have significant effect in predicting employee engagement.
title: La ferme censière de la Grant Maison (Hauts-de-France, Oise, Couloisy, Le Village) : Rapport de fouille 2017
title: Documents d’archéologie préventive 34
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Hugonnier, Louis
Publisher: name: Inrap
Year: 2023

description: L’opération de fouilles préventives, menée de mai à octobre 2010, au cœur du village isarien de Couloisy (60), faisait suite au diagnostic mené en 2005 par Muriel Friboulet (Inrap) dont les résultats avaient suggéré la présence d’une occupation des lieux à l’époque mérovingienne puis au bas Moyen Âge (Friboulet, 2005). Le projet d’aménagement (zone de lotissements individuels) concernait effectivement une zone particulièrement sensible sur le plan archéologique, par sa proximité avec l’église romane paroissiale et la mention de sarcophages alentours, mal localisés au XIXe siècle. Répondant aux problématiques des occupations humaines de la vallée de l’Aisne, cette fouille donnait ainsi l’opportunité de documenter ce territoire, dans un secteur encore peu renseigné (la basse vallée, entre Soissons et la confluence Aisne-Oise au nord de Compiègne), tout en s’intégrant pleinement dans l’axe 10 de la programmation nationale de la recherche archéologique Espace rural, peuplement et productions agricoles aux époques gallo-romaine, médiévale et moderne
VIEWPOINT: A New Twist in Simulating Solar Flares
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulations show for the first time how the magnetic fields that produce solar flares can extend out of the Sun by acquiring a twist.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, "Viewpoint" article on arXiv:1601.00749 by Chatterjee et al., to be published in Physics. Edited by Jessica Thomas
Comparison of Amorphous Silicon Deposition Methods for Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Strobel, C.
name: Leszczynski, S.
name: Albert, M.
name: Bartha, J.W.
name: Mikolajick, T.
name: Stahr, F.
name: Röhlecke, S.
name: Steinke, O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Low Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 123-127
description: Various amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) deposition methods for heterojunction solar cells were investigated regarding their suitability for effective wafer passivation and high solar cell efficiencies. Among them, radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) is the standard approach for low temperature a-Si:H fabrication, while very high frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (VHF-PECVD) and hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HW-CVD) are emerging technologies to achieve softer deposition conditions. High effective carrier lifetimes of about 9 ms and high efficiencies of about 22 % for heterojunction solar cells were achieved with all deposition methods. A better passivation with soft VHF-PECVD and HW-CVD could not be verified. However, the latter deposition methods enable higher deposition rates but therefore require elaborate power coupling compared to state-of-the-art RF-PECVD. For reference reasons, a high temperature a-Si:H fabrication process, namely lowpressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), was also applied and the layer properties were compared to the standard low-temperature approaches.
Inverted pendulum state of a polariton Rabi oscillator
Creators: name: Voronova, Nina S.
name: Elistratov, Andrei A.
name: Lozovik, Yurii E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exciton-photon beats known as polariton Rabi oscillations in semiconductor microcavities are usually excited by short pulses of light. We consider a different pumping scheme, assuming a cw pumping of the Rabi oscillator from an exciton reservoir. We account for the initial pulse of light setting the phase, exciton decay due to exciton-phonon and exciton-exciton scattering, photon leakage, and blueshift of the exciton resonance due to interactions. We find non-trivial stationary solutions reminiscent of Kapitza pendulum, where polaritons are accumulated at the upper branch while the lower branch empties.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures (including Supplemental Material)
Influence of AlOx Deposition Temperature on the Passivation Mechanism of AlOx/SiNy:H Stacks
Creators: name: Geml, F.
name: Sanz, S.
name: Plagwitz, H.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 110-112
description: High efficiency solar cell concepts rely on thin-film surface passivation layers, often deposited by CVD. Many of these concepts use AlOx/SiNy:H stacks which are investigated within this work. The passivation mechanism of these stacks after firing is analyzed depending on the deposition temperature of APCVD AlOx layer. It is shown that annealed single layers show an opposite behavior in passivation quality depending on deposition temperature compared to the stacks. With corona charging, CV measurements and SIMS it can be explained that this behavior can be attributed to the H diffusion kinetics through the AlOx barrier layer. A higher deposition temperature leads to a layer with a higher mass density which suggests a slower diffusion of H through this layer. Fixed charges are shown to be more pronounced in single layers deposited at higher temperatures. The understanding of passivation mechanism enables further potential of optimization of CVD AlOx.
The generalized likelihood decoder: random coding and expurgated bounds
Creators: name: Merhav, Neri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The likelihood decoder is a stochastic decoder that selects the decoded message at random, using the posterior distribution of the true underlying message given the channel output. In this work, we study a generalized version of this decoder where the posterior is proportional to a general function that depends only on the joint empirical distribution of the output vector and the codeword. This framework allows both mismatched versions and universal (MMI) versions of the likelihood decoder, as well as the corresponding ordinary deterministic decoders, among many others. We provide a direct analysis method that yields the exact random coding exponent (as opposed to separate upper bounds and lower bounds that turn out to be compatible, which were derived earlier by Scarlett et al. We also extend the result from pure channel coding to combined source and channel coding (random binning followed by random channel coding) with side information available to the decoder. Finally, returning to pure channel coding, we derive also an expurgated exponent for the stochastic likelihood decoder, which turns out to be at least as tight (and in some cases, strictly so) as the classical expurgated exponent of the maximum likelihood decoder, even though the stochastic likelihood decoder is suboptimal.
description: 25 pages; 2 figures; submitted to the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Hidden Tandem Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kuznicki, Z.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 113-118
description: According to Shockley-Queisser theory, the efficiency of single junction Si solar cells is unequivocally limited to about 30%. This limit can be overcome by localized nanostructuring of the crystal lattice inside the silicon wafer. The nanocomponents of the device taking the form of electronic walls give the converter fascinating optoelectronic properties that are particularly important in the photovoltaic field. The device, called a hidden tandem solar cell, is enriched by a secondary conversion, which adds without disturbance to the initial performance of the high-efficiency host converter. The conditioned electron wall is occupied by low-energy generation centers that are enough numerous to interact efficiently with hot electrons resulting from the primary conversion. The integration of the electronic walls has become possible thanks to specific methods of local energy deposition and subsequent technological treatment that only allows the desired physical effects to be achieved. A selection of experimental results obtained on laboratory and commercial-sized industrial devices is presented in the paper. The different approaches providing proofs of concept take into account structural and optoelectronic aspects of the new type of silicon converters. The resulting conversion yield at this stage of R&D overpasses 27.0%.
Fully Passivating Contact IBC Solar Cells Using Laser Processing
Creators: name: Linke, J.
name: Buchholz, F.
name: Peter, C.
name: Hoß, J.
name: Lossen, J.
name: Mihailetchi, V.
name: Kopecek, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 102-106
description: A novel approach for interdigitated back contacted (IBC) solar cell production featuring polycrystalline silicon on interfacial oxide (poly-Si/SiOx) passivating contacts on both polarities is introduced, namely the polyZEBRA concept, which is based on the IBC solar cell process ZEBRA. The process sequence is compatible with standard industrial equipment, i.e. IBC patterning via laser processing and metallization for both polarities in one single screenprinting step. This approach allows for an upgrade of existing ZEBRA production lines with minimal additional costs. The champion polyZEBRA cell produced so far reached an in-house efficiency of 23.5% on full area wafer size. Besides the introduction of the polyZEBRA concept, an optimization of the gap/front side BBr3-diffusion towards low recombination is presented, enabling 6 mV higher open-circuit voltage on cell level compared to the baseline.
Zwei typische Erfahrungen der in der Befreiungsbewegung engagierten lateinamerikanischen Christengemeinden
Creators: name: Musoz, Ronaldo
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 10 Nr. 6/7 (1974): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 10, Heft 6/7
23.1%-Efficient POLO Back Junction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Min, B.
name: Nasebandt, L.
name: Hollemann, C.
name: Bredemeier, D.
name: Thiemann, L.
name: Brendemühl, T.
name: Bothe, K.
name: Peibst, R.
name: Brendel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 107-109
description: This work presents the recent progress of all screen-printed p-type back junction (BJ) solar cells featuring Al-front contacts and passivating polysilicon on oxide (POLO) rear contacts. We achieve a new best cell efficiency of 23.1 % on full M2 Cz wafers as independently confirmed by ISFH CalTeC in Germany. We mainly improve the fill factor of our POLO BJ solar cells by increasing the number of Ag fingers at the rear side. This increase of Ag rear contacts does not affect the open-circuit voltage because we apply an Ag paste with less aggressive chemistry, hence the recombination losses at Ag contacts are negligibly small. In addition, we analyze the temperature-dependent cell performance of an in-house fabricated POLO BJ solar cell. We extract −0.2953 %/K as the efficiency temperature coefficient (TC) of the investigated POLO BJ solar cell, which is superior to −0.36 %/K of PERC solar cells in the literature [1], mainly due to the higher open-circuit voltage TC of the POLO BJ device, that amount to −0.2462 %/K. Our study indicates that particular high annual yields are to be expected from POLO BJ cells in the regions with high temperatures such as Middle East and North Africa.
Export Performance and Prospect of Textile and Garment Industry in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Kaleab, Dagnew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Ethiopia has a long history of manufacturing traditional textiles using hand spun yarn and handlooms for weaving. This activity has been part of the cottage industry and is considered to be a major source of employment both in rural and urban areas. Manufacturing textiles on industrial scale had made its beginning in Ethiopia in 1939. Despite its long history the sector had not been given enough attention until very recently. Appreciating benefits such as foreign exchange earnings, employment opportunity and income contribution to its gross domestic product that could be earned from the sector the Ethiopian government had provided various supports to improve the textile and garment sector but failing to achieve its targets. This research using shift-share analysis and other tools explored the performance and prospect of the sector. Although the aspired targets have not been achieved almost all the product categories under the textile and garment sector have shown improvement in export performance. Based on the analysis garment export has shown highest performance amongst other products in the category. United States has emerged as the most important export destination for textile and garment export from Ethiopia.
Investigation on the Passivation Quality of Ex-Situ Doped (p+) and (n+) Poly-Si Layers for IBC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kuruganti, V.V.
name: Kopecek, R.
name: Seren, S.
name: Isabella, O.
name: Mihailetchi, V.D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 98-101
description: In recent years, crystalline silicon solar cell efficiency in mass production has increased by 0.5 to 0.6% per year. New cell technologies must keep this developing speed to enter mass production. This work presents a unique process route for fabricating complete ex-situ doped poly-IBC solar cells using a single high-temperature step and a single laser step. Patterning of the rear side of IBC solar cells was achieved using selective laser ablation of an (i) polySi capping layer. Excellent passivation quality was demonstrated with iVoc and J0 of 741 mV and 1.35 fA/cm2 for (n+) poly-Si and 720 mV and 17.4 fA/cm2 for (p+) poly-Si layers, respectively. However, upon fast firing in the industrial belt furnace, the passivation quality of the laser patterned n+ poly-Si regions degrades. The extent of passivation loss was found to depend on the laser ablation fluence values used for patterning. The observed passivation loss is hypothesized to be due to stress-induced blistering of the layer stack.
Dynamical mass ejection from the merger of asymmetric binary neutron stars: Radiation-hydrodynamics study in general relativity
Creators: name: Sekiguchi, Yuichiro
name: Kiuchi, Kenta
name: Kyutoku, Koutarou
name: Shibata, Masaru
name: Taniguchi, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform neutrino radiation-hydrodynamics simulations for the merger of asymmetric binary neutron stars in numerical relativity. Neutron stars are modeled by soft and moderately stiff finite-temperature equations of state (EOS). We find that the properties of the dynamical ejecta such as the total mass, neutron richness profile, and specific entropy profile depend on the mass ratio of the binary systems for a given EOS in a unique manner. For the soft EOS (SFHo), the total ejecta mass depends weakly on the mass ratio, but the average of electron number per baryon ($Y_e$) and specific entropy ($s$) of the ejecta decreases significantly with the increase of the degree of mass asymmetry. For the stiff EOS (DD2), with the increase of the mass asymmetry degree, the total ejecta mass significantly increases while the average of $Y_e$ and $s$ moderately decreases. We find again that only for the soft EOS (SFHo), the total ejecta mass exceeds $0.01M_\odot$ irrespective of the mass ratio chosen in this paper. The ejecta have a variety of electron number per baryon with its average approximately between $Y_e \sim 0.2$ and $\sim 0.3$ irrespective of the EOS employed, which is well-suited for the production of the r-process heavy elements (second and third peaks), although its averaged value decreases with the increase of the degree of mass asymmetry.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRD
Fabrication of IBC Solar Cells with Efficiency Higher than 24% Using TOPCon Technology
Creators: name: Chang, H.C.
name: Huang, C.C.
name: Kung, B.C.
name: Chen, S.Y.
name: Kuo, M.T.
name: Yu, P.
name: Huang, C.J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 91-94
description: In this article, an interdigitated back passivated contact (IBPC) solar cell, a new type of heterojunction solar cell with a rear side tunnel oxide passivated contact (TOPCon) structure is presented. Numerical simulations of cell structure have been investigated, including the thickness of anti-reflection coating (ARC), the thickness of p+ poly-Si layer, anode finger width and p+-n+ distance. The photovoltaic properties of the prepared solar cell are Voc = 701.6mV, Jsc = 41.5 mA/cm2, FF = 82.53%, and n= 24.03%.
Référentiel des compétences numériques attendues des étudiantes et étudiants de l'Université Laval
Creators: name: Lamy, Catherine
name: Sicotte, Andréane
Publisher: name: Université Laval
Year: 2022
Subjects: Compétences numériques
Étudiantes
Étudiants
Communauté étudiante
Bibliothèque
Cadre de référence
Direction des services-conseils
TIC
CCNQ
Cadre
Littératie numérique
Culture technologique
Connaissances en informatique

description: Lancé à l’automne 2021, le Plan d’action pour la réussite en enseignement supérieur met de l’avant les compétences essentielles à développer par les membres de la communauté étudiante. Pour appuyer l’atteinte de ces compétences, la Direction des services-conseils (DSC) de la Bibliothèque a développé un référentiel de compétences numériques.
description: Ressources éducatives libres

REL

Open educational resources

OER
description: Discipline : Éducation

Format : Texte/HTML

Type de la ressource : Objet d'apprentissage

Type de matériel pédagogique : Texte/document informatif
Extremely large and significantly anisotropic magnetoresistance in ZrSiS single crystals
Creators: name: Lv, Yang-Yang
name: Zhang, Bin-Bin
name: Li, Xiao
name: Yao, Shu-Hua
name: Chen, Y. B.
name: Zhou, Jian
name: Zhang, Shan-Tao
name: Lu, Ming-Hui
name: Chen, Yan-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the extremely large magnetoresistance observed in transition metal telluride, like WTe$_2$, attracted much attention because of the potential applications in magnetic sensor. Here we report the observation of extremely large magnetoresistance as 3.0$\times$10$^4$ % measured at 2 K and 9 T magnetic field aligned along [001]-ZrSiS. The significant magnetoresistance change (~1.4$\times$10$^4$ %) can be obtained when the magnetic field is titled from [001] to [011]-ZrSiS. These abnormal magnetoresistance behaviors in ZrSiS can be understood by electron-hole compensation and the open orbital of Fermi surface. Because of these superior MR properties, ZrSiS may be used in the novel magnetic sensors.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 21 references
Boron and Phosphoris Doped Fireable Passivating Tunnel Oxide Contacts for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Haug, F.J.
name: Lehmann, M.J.
name: Libraro, S.
name: Genç, E.
name: Morisset, A.
name: Ballif, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 95-97
description: We present passivating contacts for silicon solar cells using an interfacial layer of SiO2 grown by immersion in hot HNO3 and in-situ doped layers of both polarities grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The doped layers are crystallized and their dopants are activated by rapid thermal processing (RTP) with a temperature profile similar to the firing of screen-printed metallization pastes, hence we call them fired passivating contacts (FPCs). After RTP, we apply hydrogenation to passivate defects, using thermal release of hydrogen from a SiNx reservoir layer during hot plate annealing at 450°C. We find that the kinetics of the hydrogenation process is characterized by a fast process associated to the passivation of defect states at the Si/SiO2 interface and a slower process likely related to the hydrogenation of bulk defects that are formed during RTP in the floating zone wafers used in this experiment. Despite the issue with bulk defects, we test the suitability of the FPCs for solar cells by depositing n- and p-type layers on the textured front and on the flat rear of single-side textured wafers, respectively. After co-processing in a single RTP step, we apply the optimum hydrogenation conditions identified above. Using an ITO/Ag metallization made at low temperature to fabricate proof-ofconcept solar cells, we obtain efficiencies up 20.5%.
Keldysh field theory for nonequilibrium condensation in a parametrically pumped polariton system
Creators: name: Dunnett, K.
name: Szymańska, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a quantum field theory for parametrically pumped polaritons using Keldysh Green's function techniques. By considering the mean-field and Gaussian fluctuations, we find that the low energy physics of the highly non-equilibrium phase transition to the optical parametric oscillator regime is in many ways similar to equilibrium condensation. In particular, we show that this phase transition can be associated with an effective chemical potential, at which the system's bosonic distribution function diverges, and an effective temperature. As in equilibrium systems, the transition is achieved by tuning this effective chemical potential to the energy of the lowest normal mode. Since the occupations of the modes are available, we determine experimentally observable properties, such as the luminescence and absorption spectra.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
title: Methane Production by Methanogens In Simulated Subsurface Martian Environments
Creators: name: Slade, David
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: Methane has a typical atmospheric photochemical lifetime of ∼300 years on Mars, making contemporary reported detections (and non-detections) of methane a fiercely debated topic, due to the potential need for a present-day source. On Earth, most methane is produced by methanogenic microbes present in, e.g., ruminants, wetlands, lakes and permafrost. Of the four metabolic pathways on Earth, the hydrogenotrophic pathway is the most common, utilising CO2 and H2 as substrates. Both gases are present on Mars, plus liquid water and essential elements (CHNOPS) that are requirements for life, and organics. Surface conditions on Mars are sterilising, however, the temperature and pressure of the subsurface are potentially favourable to life and provide a shield to sterilising surface conditions, and are thus a possible habitat for methanogens. A meta-analysis was conducted, motivated by these subsurface parameters, that redefined the statistical representation for several growth parameters for all type-strains of methanogens and analysed multiple parameters simultaneously across multiple categories (e.g. metabolism), showing that the optimal average conditions in which to grow methanogens would be a meso-temperate (20 to 39◦C), hypersaline and slightly acidic environment. Two martian subsurface environments were simulated to determine whether environmental or chemical factors are inhibitory to methanogenesis. (1) Methanoculleus marisnigri was grown in a custom-built, high-pressure manifold at 60 bar and 25◦C to simulate the subsurface of Mars, although no methane was produced, due to a technical issue resulting in oxygenated medium. However, some cells survived five weeks of oxygenation. (2) Methanothermococcus okinawensis was grown in a simulated chemical environment at 1 bar and 60◦C, that included a regolith simulant, a proposed martian brine and a Mars-relevant organic source (carbonaceous chondrite). The simulated parameters of the chemical environment of subsurface Mars were not inhibitory to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, suggesting it is feasible (from a metabolic perspective) that subsurface methanogens could be producing contemporary methane on Mars.
P-Type TOPCon Solar Cells with n-Poly Rear Emitter
Creators: name: Hsu, S.P.
name: Huang, C.P.
name: Tsai, C.H.
name: Chen, S.Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
High Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 88-90
description: A p-TOPCon rear emitter solar cell was implemented in this study. The front surface field is formed by low pressure BCl3 diffusion. The recombination current density of the front surface is reduced by adjusting the in-situ oxidation parameters in the drive-in step of the diffusion process. The rear emitter is an n-poly silicon layer made by in-situ doping of low pressure chemical vapor deposition process, and there is no peeling issue in thicker n-poly layer. The recombination current density on the rear side can be reduced through the modification of the PH3 gas flow rate, tunnel oxide thickness and annealing temperature. The implied open circuit voltage of these cells before screen printing can reach 712mV, and conversion efficiency is 23.1% for the best cell with 12-busbar electrode pattern.
Radiative Breaking of the Minimal Supersymmetric Left-Right Model
Creators: name: Okada, Nobuchika
name: Papapietro, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a variation to the SUSY Left-Right symmetric model based on the gauge group $SU(3)_c\times SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{BL}$. Beyond the quark and lepton superfields we only introduce a second Higgs bidoublet to produce realistic fermion mass matrices. This model does not include any $SU(2)_R$ triplets. We calculate renormalization group evolutions of soft SUSY parameters at the one-loop level down to low energy. We find that an $SU(2)_R$ slepton doublet acquires a negative mass squared at low energies, so that the breaking of $SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{BL}\rightarrow U(1)_Y$ is realized by a non-zero vacuum expectation value of a right-handed sneutrino. Small neutrino masses are produced through neutrino mixings with gauginos. Mass limits on the $SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{BL}$ sector are obtained by direct search results at the LHC as well as lepton-gaugino mixing bounds from the LEP precision data.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Relationship Between Reverse Logistics Practices and Organizational Performance (The Case of East Africa Bottling Share Company)
Creators: name: Guta, Betelhem
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Reverse logistics is an important process that is often misunderstood. Many organizations do not understand what processes and procedures to follow and how to manage reverse logistics efficiently. Though studies have shown the positive impacts of adoption of various reverse logistics practices, the researcher found no research works that specifically shown how adoption of reverse logistics practices could impact on organizational performance in the case of firms in Ethiopian. The objectives of this study were to determine the extent to which EABSC has adopted reverse logistics practices and investigate the relationship between reverse logistics practices and organizational performance. A descriptive cross-sectional survey study was used to provide empirical data to help address the existing research gap. The study sample consisted of 111 employees selected through stratified random sampling. The respondents answered questionnaire items adopted from previous researchers. The inferential relationship was imputed using Pearson correlation analysis. The findings showed that EABSC has adopted reverse logistic practices to appreciable levels. Specifically, it was seen that reuse and recycle reverse logistics practice were found strongly correlated with organizational performance and both reuse & recycle have strong positive correlation with financial and market performance. It is therefore recommended that management of EABSC should look at reverse logistics practice as a strategic method that can be used to achieve organizational performance. Similarly, EABSC should consider outsourcing their reverse logistics function, if they lack the necessary expertise or knowledge Key Words: Reverse Logistics, Organizational Performance.
Potential of Sputtered AZO Layers for the Industrial Manufacturing of Hetero Junction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Dimer, M.
name: Cruz, A.
name: Janke, S.
name: Wendlandt, S.
name: Graupner, U.
name: Erfurt, D.
name: Wolke, W.
name: Bivour, M.
name: Stannowski, B.
name: Schneiderlöchner, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 83-87
description: Aluminium doped zinc oxide (AZO) is an interesting transparent conductive oxide (TCO) for silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells to replace indium tin oxide (ITO) to enable cost reduction and omit the use of the limited global indium reserve. However, AZO layers have a much higher sheet resistance and lower damp heat stability compared to ITO. This work shows that the AZO stability can be improved by using an ITO capping layer, which is also decreasing the sheet resistance of the AZO/ITO layer stack compared to a pure AZO layer. Here, high rate rotatable magnetron sputtering was used to deposit AZO and ITO films. Under these conditions ITO capped AZO layers deposited on a-Si/p can result in lower fill factors. It will be shown that heating before sputtering and introduction of a thin ITO layer between AZO and a-Si/P avoid the fill factor decrease and lead to fill factors above 80%. The properties of the solar cells with the ITO/AZO/ITO layer stack are comparable to those solar cells with the pure ITO reference layer. Similar solar cell properties with the same ITO/AZO/ITO layer stack on the a-Si/n of the front side have been achieved. Furthermore, the TCO materials costs of ITO, AZO/ITO and ITO/AZO/ITO layers stacks for industrial manufacturing are discussed.
Bridging Online and Offline Social Networks: Multiplex Analysis
Creators: name: Filiposka, Sonja
name: Gajduk, Andrej
name: Dimitrova, Tamara
name: Kocarev, Ljupco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that three basic actor characteristics, namely normalized reciprocity, three cycles, and triplets, can be expressed using an unified framework that is based on computing the similarity index between two sets associated with the actor: the set of her/his friends and the set of those considering her/him as a friend. These metrics are extended to multiplex networks and then computed for two friendship networks generated by collecting data from two groups of undergraduate students. We found that in offline communication strong and weak ties are (almost) equally presented, while in online communication weak ties are dominant. Moreover, weak ties are much less reciprocal than strong ties. However, across different layers of the multiplex network reciprocities are preserved, while triads (measured with normalized three cycles and triplets) are not significant.
Role of the Electron Dark Current and Early Effect in the Degradation of the Open Circuit Voltage and S-Shape Distortion in a-Si:H(p)/c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells with Schottky Contact
Creators: name: Ghannam, M.Y.
name: Abdulraheem, Y.M.
name: Gordon, I.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 74-78
description: A bipolar equivalent circuit model is developed for silicon hetero-junction silicon solar cells (HJT) with a Schottky contact between the p-type amorphous silicon and the transparent conducting oxide (TCO). The Schottky barrier is treated as a bipolar collector junction through which holes are transported by thermionic emission, while electrons reaching the barrier are swiftly collected. The electron current is shown to exhibit an Early effect especially in cells with low a-Si:H(p) doping level. The results of the equivalent circuit analysis in the dark and under illumination perfectly match the J-V characteristics resulting from AFORS-HET device simulations of cells with low and with high doping levels in aSi:H(p). The model provides a clear interpretation for the role of the Schottky diode in the degradation of the cell open circuit voltage and in the S-shape distortion of the J-V characteristics under illumination.
APCVD (N) Poly-Si Passivating Contacts on Textured and Planar Surfaces
Creators: name: Glatthaar, R.
name: Okker, T.
name: Huster, F.
name: Cela Greven, B.
name: Seren, S.
name: Hahn, G.
name: Terheiden, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Manufacturing & Production of Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 79-82
description: Planar and textured APCVD (n) poly-Si/SiOx passivating contacts with a ~60 nm poly-Si layer were metallized by screen-printing. Higher contact resistivity on textured samples C,textured (~6-7 mΩcm² compared to C,planar ~3 mΩcm²) can be attributed to a thinner poly-Si layer and to a more aggressive etching behaviour of the paste around the pyramid tips. Since this behaviour also occurs in classical contact formation on monocrystalline Si, we conclude that the geometrical structure of the pyramids affects the contact formation more than the structure of the used layers. Passivation quality was measured in the non-metallized region between 2-4 fA/cm2 for planar samples and to a minimum of 17 fA/cm2 for textured samples. In the metallized regions, J0,Met increases towards higher firing temperatures from ~20 fA/cm2 to ~140 fA/cm2 for planar samples and from 140 fA/cm2 to 830 fA/cm2 for textured samples.
Neutron production in extensive air showers
Creators: name: Engel, Ralph
name: Ferrari, Alfredo
name: Roth, Markus
name: Schimassek, Martin
name: Schmidt, David
name: Veberic, Darko
Publisher: name: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Year: 2022

description: We use the Monte Carlo simulation package FLUKA to study the production of neutrons in extensive air showers. In contrast to typical shower simulations, we consider the full range of neutron energies extending down to thermal neutrons. The importance of different neutron production mechanisms and their impact on the predicted neutron distributions in energy, lateral distance, and arrival time are discussed and compared with those of muons. In addition, the dependence of the predictions on the primary particle is studied.
Extremely long-lived magnetic excitations in supported Fe chains
Creators: name: Gauyacq, J. P.
name: Lorente, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a theoretical study of the lifetime of the first excited state of spin chains made of an odd number of Fe atoms on Cu2N/Cu(100). Yan et al (Nat. Nanotech. 10, 40 (2015)) recently observed very long lifetimes in the case of Fe3 chains. We consider the decay of the first excited state induced by electron-hole pair creation in the substrate. For a finite magnetic field, the two lowest-lying states in the chain have a quasi-Néel state structure. Decay from one state to the other strongly depends on the degree of entanglement of the local spins in the chain. The entanglement in the chain accounts for the long lifetimes that increase exponentially with chain length. Despite their apparently very different properties, the behaviour of odd and even chains is governed by the same kind of phenomena, in particular entanglement effects. The present results account quite well for the lifetimes recently measured by Yan et al on Fe3
description: 21 pages
Accurate Linearity Measurements of the Short-Circuit Current Using a Spectral Shaping Setup
Creators: name: Mühleis, M.
name: Reichmuth, S.K.
name: Rauer, M.
name: Hohl-Ebinger, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 67-71
description: An accurate quantification of the linearity of the short-circuit current with respect to the irradiance is an integral part in the electrical characterisation of solar cells. It is especially important for the calibration of irradiance sensors and reference devices. We demonstrate that an in-house developed spectral shaping setup can reproduce the global AM1.5 solar reference spectrum with a high match. The generated irradiance of < 1 W/m² is perfectly adjusted to conduct a dual beam configuration with a differential measurement technique to measure short-circuit currents in the irradiance range from 0 W/m² to over 1000 W/m². We also investigate the short-circuit current spectrally dependent owing to the freely programmable spectral shaping setup with approximately 1088 accessible spectral subsections in the wavelength range from 355 nm to 1200 nm. Deviations from linearity below 0.1 % are detected on a WPVS solar reference cell demonstrating the high sensitivity of the presented setup. A rear side of a PERC solar cell was investigated to demonstrate the measurement of a strong spectrally dependent nonlinearity of 40 %.
title: On the complexity of equational decision problems for finite height complemented and orthocomplemented modular lattices
Creators: name: Herrmann, Christian
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2024

description: We study the computational complexity of the satisfiability problem and the complement of the equivalence problem for complemented (orthocomplemented) modular lattices L and classes thereof. Concerning a simple L of finite height, NP-hardness is shown for both problems. Moreover, both problems are shown to be polynomial-time equivalent to the same feasibility problem over the division ring D whenever L is the subspace lattice of a D-vector space of finite dimension at least 3. Considering the class of all finite dimensional Hilbert spaces, the equivalence problem for the class of subspace ortholattices is shown to be polynomial-time equivalent to that for the class of endomorphism ∗-rings with pseudo-inversion; moreover, we derive completeness for the complement of the Boolean part of the nondeterministic Blum-Shub-Smale model of real computation without constants. This result extends to the additive category of finite dimensional Hilbert spaces, enriched by adjunction and pseudo-inversion.
Decoding Pyrolysis: A Gaussian Data-Driven Approach Reveals Hidden Feedstock Dynamics: Supplementary Information: Data
Creators: name: Abaei, Shayan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Supplementary Information: Data DescriptionThe dataset used in this study consists of 1691 experimental runs focused on biomass pyrolysis, including agricultural residues, forestry residues, and algae. It features 15 variables such as feedstock type, elemental composition (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen), moisture content, volatile matter, fixed carbon, ash content, particle size, temperature, heating rate, inert gas flow rate, and residence time.

This data was utilized in a Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model to predict biochar and bio-oil yields with R² scores of 0.86 and 0.87, respectively. The dataset underwent preprocessing, including normalization and encoding of categorical variables. The model also incorporated a genetic algorithm for optimizing pyrolysis conditions to maximize yields.

For further analysis or validation, the dataset and code are available at [10.5281/zenodo.13643488].
Accurate High Throughput Current-Voltage Classification of High Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells With RapidWave®
Creators: name: Mitchell, B.
name: Klöter, B.
name: Clugston, D.
name: Mette, B.
name: Wagner-Mohnsen, H.
name: Esefelder, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Characterisation & Simulation of Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 72-73
description: Modern manufacturing of advanced PERC, TOPCon or HJT silicon solar cells results in high excess minority carrier lifetimes in the finished device. Such cells are inherently slower to respond to transients in terminal voltages, leaving steady-state current-voltage sweeps incompatible with today’s industrial throughput requirements. This work discusses the use of the RapidWAVE® method implemented in WAVELABS SINUS LED cell testers to address the requirements for throughput without sacrificing accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of the reported STC performance and sorting parameter. Using the capabilities of a controlled pulsed or steady-state LED light source, we verify millisecond RapidWAVE® with second long steady-state current-voltage sweeps on the same tool. This allows for a unique discussion of the accuracy of the RapidWAVE® method in correcting charging and discharging currents during rapid transients. A 20ms RapidWAVE® efficiency classification of the most challenging, i.e., highest voltage, heterojunction solar cells with an open circuit voltage of 745mV is demonstrated with negligible deviation from steady-state direct current-voltage sweep. RapidWAVE® enables comprehensive state-of-the-art mass production testing (IV front & rear, Rs, Rsh, Irev, EL, EQE, SunsVoc, IR, others) realizing up to 5000 full cell equivalent pieces per hour on the most modern cell production lines. RapidWAVE® is also compatible with half or third cell measurements realizing up to 13500 cut cell measurements per hour.
On the maximal diphoton width
Creators: name: Salvio, Alberto
name: Staub, Florian
name: Strumia, Alessandro
name: Urbano, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the 750 GeV diphoton excess found at LHC, we compute the maximal width into $γγ$ that a neutral scalar can acquire through a loop of charged fermions or scalars as function of the maximal scale at which the theory holds, taking into account vacuum (meta)stability bounds. We show how an extra gauge symmetry can qualitatively weaken such bounds, and explore collider probes and connections with Dark Matter.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
On knots having zero negative unknotting number
Creators: name: Bao, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 57M27, 57M25

description: A knot in the 3-sphere is said to have zero negative unknotting number if it can be transformed into the unknot by performing only positive crossing changes. In this paper, we provide an obstruction for a knot to having zero negative unknotting number, and discuss its application to two classes of knots.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures. This paper was published two years ago
Hall effect, edge states and Haldane exclusion statistics in two-dimensional space
Creators: name: Ye, F.
name: Marchetti, P. A.
name: Su, Z. B.
name: Yu, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We clarify the relation between two kinds of statistics for particle excitations in planar systems: the braid statistics of anyons and the Haldane exclusion statistics(HES). It is shown non-perturbatively that the HES exists for incompressible anyon liquid in the presence of a Hall response. We also study the statistical properties of a specific quantum anomalous Hall model with Chern-Simons term by perturbation in both compressible and incompressible regimes, where the crucial role of edge states to the HES is shown.
Reduction of ITO by a Low-Cost Sprayed TIOx Capping Layer for SHJ Solar Cells
Creators: name: Heitmann, U.
name: Tutsch, L.
name: De Rose, A.
name: Dreja, D.
name: Jakob, L.
name: Elgazzar, R.
name: Bivour, M.
name: Bartsch, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2022
Subjects: Silicon Materials and Cells
Low Temperature Route for Si Cells

description: 8th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion; 59-62
description: We demonstrate a spray pyrolysis process for deposition of titanium oxide (TiOx) on ITO on silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. Layer stacks of 20 nm ITO + 55 nm TiOx, 50 nm ITO + 25 nm TiOx and references with 75 nm ITO were deposited on M2+ (157 × 157 mm²) solar cells. All three layer stacks yield similar cell efficiencies of close to 21 %. Homogeneous sprayed coatings were achieved despite using a small laboratory spray coater. Single cell modules were manufactured from cells of all three groups. Only slight modifications in the soldering process were necessary, even though the screen-printed metallization is covered with TiOx for two groups. Module efficiencies are also on par for the three cell types. A slightly increased series resistance is measured on both cell and module level for the cells with 20 nm ITO layer, due to higher resistance for lateral current transport in this layer. Consumables costs of <1ct/wafer are estimated based on the laboratory process.