Limonius scutellaris Dolin 2003, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Han, Taeman
name: Park, Haechul
name: Lee, Youngbo
name: Kim, Namjeong
name: Ôhira, Hitoo
name: Platia, Giuseppe
name: Lee, Seunghwan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Limonius
Limonius scutellaris

description: Limonius scutellaris (Dolin, 2003) comb. nov.
(Figs. 1 C–D; 4A–U; 5A–C; 6A–B)
Cidnopus scutellaris Dolin, 2003: 36. (Ussuriysk, the Russian Far East)
Specimens examined. A total of 26 individuals. <GW> male, Mt. Seolak, Yangyang-gun, GW, Korea. 23. V. 1989. Y. J. Kwon. [NAAS]; male, Dojagok-ri, Bukbang-myeon, Hongcheon, GW, Korea. 30. V. 2009. T. M. Han, DNA 867. [NAAS] <GB> female, Mt. Sobaek, Yeongju, GB, Korea. 30. V. 1989. Y. J. Kwon; male, Temple Hibangsa in Mt. Sobaek, Yeongju, GB, Korea. 8. VI. 1974. Jeong Ho, Park. [NAAS]; female, Seobeuk-ri, Chunyang, Bongwha, GB, Korea. 29. V. 2010. T. M. Han, DNA 2638. [NAAS]; male, Mt. Hangak, Daehangmyeon, Kimcheonshi, GB, Korea. 4. VI.? Seong Hee Lee [SWU] <CB> female, Songgye-ri, Hansu-myeon, Jaecheon, CB, Korea. 18. V. 2010. S. W. Park, DNA no. 2778. [NAAS] <GG> male, Mt. Yongmun, Yongmunmyeon, Yangpyeong, GG, Korea. Y. J. Kwon. [NAAS]; male, Mt. Homyeon, Goseong Cheongpyeong, Gapyeong, GG. Korea, Malaise trap II. Alt. 220 m. 1–26. V. 2009. Jongok Lim. [SNU]; 2 males, 4 females, Is. Soya-do, Ongjin-gun, Incheon, GG, Korea. 6. VI. 2009. T. W. Kang, DNA 2361-6. [NAAS] <CN> female, Temple Gapsa in Mt. Geryeong, Jungjang-ri, Geryong-myeon, Gongju, CN, Korea, 29. V. 2010. T. M. Han, DNA 2617. [NAAS]; 3 males, Mt. Chilgap, Cheongyang-gun, CN, Korea. 18. VI. 2000. Tae Woo Kim. [NAAS] <JB> 2 males, Mt. Deokyou, Seolcheon-myeon, Muju, JB, Korea. 28. V. 1991. Y. J. Kwon. [NAAS]; female, Jeockseong-myeon, Muju, JB, Korea. 15. V. 2008. Sang Wook Park [NAAS] <JN> female, Mt. Jiri, Korea. 27. V. 1989. Y. J. Kwon. [NAAS] <Russia> Cidnopus scutellaris Dolin, 2003: male, Россия, Приморский край, Лазовский р-н, окр. Лазо-райчентр, 43 22‘ 43’‘ N 133 54' 01'' E. В. Шохрин leg. 26–29. V. 2007 [Russia, Primorsky Krai, Lazo District, ROC. Lazo-raychentr, 43 22 '43'' N 133 54' 01''E. B. Shohrin leg. 26–29. V. 2007], identified by A. S. Prosvirov, 2009, DNA 2398. [NAAS]; female, Primorsky Krai, Baraboshi District, Russia. 22. VI. 2008. J. W. Lee, identified by T. M. Han, DNA 2564 [NAAS].
Description. Male (Fig. 1 C) medium size, 5.8–6.2 mm long, 1.7–1.82 mm wide; body sub-cylindrical, parallel-sided, and convex. Color entirely black, lustrous, with apex of mandibles and maxillary palpi blackish brown to dusky brown; pubescence pale bronze brown, moderately long, thin, sub-recumbent anteriorly, with erect hairs rarely distributed on head and pronotum. Head (Fig. 4 D) flat between eyes, declivous to front, with a shallow triangular impression; frontal margin (Fig 4 D and 4F) well expanded anteriorly, sinuate at middle; punctures subcircular, simple, deep, (Fig. 4 E) becoming larger, sub-umbilicate, dense, coarse to outsides, intervals between punctures about 0.5–1.0 times medially and 1.0–2.0 times broader than punctures to outsides; surface glabrous, but slightly rugose to outwards; eyes moderately prominent, with ocelli weakly convex; vertex about 4.0 times (36:9) wider than eyes in dorsal view; frontal groove (Fig. 4 F) broadly and transversely excavated, with large, shallow ocellate sculptures wholly; the intermediate portion between eye and antennal socket with two small pores disconnected from each other; labrum semi-circular with long setae anteriorly; mandibles bidentate at apex; maxillary palpi axe shape, the last segment elongate, sub-triangular. Antennae moderately long, 10th and 11th antennomeres exceeding beyond of pronotal hind angles; 1st robust, rather flat dorsally, anterior margin weakly carinate, rugose, with large punctures; 2nd (Fig. 4 G) small, globular, as long as wide; 3rd (Fig. 4 G) small, subequal in length to 2nd, sub-triangular, as long as width; 4th (Fig. 4 G) slightly longer than wide (1.18 times, 20:17), a little longer than combined length of 2nd and 3rd segments; 4th to 10th triangular, each slightly wider than long; 11th elliptical (Fig. 4 H) longest, 2.4 times as long as wide (cat. from 2nd to 5th, 11th = 9/9: 9/10: 22.5/19: 22/19, 34/14). Pronotum (Fig. 4 A) trapezoidal, well convex above, a little longer than wide (33.5: 31), widest just before base of hind angles; anterior margin slightly arched at middle; lateral margins entirely carinate, with conspicuous expansion at anterior angles, slightly convergent anteriorly, the carina invisible from anterior third to two thirds by laterally expanded dorsal disc; Punctures (Fig. 4 B) distinct, deep, simple, vertical shape elliptical; intervals glabrous, about 2.0 times wider than punctures, punctures near anterior margin on disc clearly about 2.0 times larger and denser (Fig. 4 C); pronotal hind angles (Fig. 4 I) broad, short, very feebly sinuate at base, divergent posteriroly, bluntly pointed at apex, with a distinct short carina expanding laterally at apex, punctures distinctly large, dense; posterior margin (Fig. 4 J) lacking basal incisures; base of pronotum truncated, lacking a notch in front of scutellum. Prosternum (Fig. 4 M) convex, with simple punctures; anterior collar bent antero-inferiorly and roundly margined with punctures clearly large, dense, sub-ocellated, sub-equal in length to anterior apex of hypomera; posterior process slightly bent beyond procoxal cavities and then expanded pentagonally, laterally, ventral surface broadly convex in lateral view (Fig. 4 N), with a longitudinal depression along each side. Procoxal cavities narrowly open posteriorly; pronotosternal sutures double, sub-straight, anterior portion (Fig. 4 O) distinctly furrowed and expanded ventrally; hypomeron with simple sub-elliptical punctures, anterior portion narrowed and shallowly impressed, posterior margin nearly straight. Scutellum (Fig. 4 K and 4L) shield-formed, about 1.5 times as long as wide, widest at two thirds; anterior margin narrowest, truncate; lateral margins parallel madially and then broadly and roundly expanded laterally; posterior margin rounded and weakly emarginate at middle; punctures large, coarse; longitudinal median elevation distinct. Mesocoxal cavities (Fig. 4 P) broadly connected with mesoepimeron. Metasternum (Fig. 4 Q) convex; median longitudinal suture incomplete; hind coxal plates widest at insertion of trochanter, outer margin slightly convergent to half portion and then suddenly narrowed laterally. Legs slender; tarsomeres simple; claws simple (Fig. 4 U). Elytra sub-cylindrical, well convex above, about 2.4 times as long as wide, slightly wider than pronotum, parallel-sided posteriorly three fourths and then gradually rounded posteriorly; sutural line weakly elevated; base weakly concave along anterior edges; striae (Fig. 4 R) punctate, distinct; strial intervals (Fig. 4 R) flattened, weakly rugose transversely. Abdomen (Fig. 4 S) with each lateral margin of visible sternites entirely and weakly crenulate; sternite 7 (Fig. 4 T) semi-oval, 1.72 times as wide as long, punctures becoming gradually enlarged posteriorly. Aedeagus (Fig. 5 A) 2.72 times (12.8:4.7) as long as wide; median lobe slender, gradually narrowed to apex, slightly exceeding apices of parameres, 2.62 times (7.1:2.7) longer than basal struts; parameres narrow to apex, lateral margins distinctly sinuate inwardly from posterior one third to apices, inner margins straight, with lateral subapical barb expanded triangularly; lateral subapical barb rounded at apex, broad, 1.42 times (7:10) as wide as long, lacking visible setae; basal piece quadrate, 0.44 times (5.7:12.8) total length of aedeagus.
Female (Fig. 1 D). Length 7.1–8.0 mm, width 2.0– 2.2 mm, larger, stouter than male; antennae shorter than male, approximately reaching to base of hind angles of pronotum, 2nd antennomere distinctly longer than wide (1.2–1.4 times), 3rd a little longer than wide (1.09–1.14 times), 4th sub-equal, as long as wide and shorter than the combined length of 2nd and 3rd segments, from 5th to 9th a little wider than long; pronotum more convex than male. Reproductive organs (Fig. 6 A and 6B): ovipositor sub-triangular, with styli (Fig. 6 A); vagina (Fig. 6 B) elongate; uterus (Fig. 6 B) distinctly enlarged anteriorly, with ballon-like colleterial glands, lacking sclerotised structures; bursa copularix (Fig. 6 B) sac like, sub-cylindrical, elongate, narrowed apically, wider than uterus, with two accessory glands in the same direction.
Reference species. Limonius minutus (Linneaus, 1758): female, Germany, Oborpfalz Otterberg Trockunhang. V. 1990.
Unknown collector, identified by Dr. G. Platia, DNA 793; 3 males, Italy, Liguria (GE) Crocefieschi. 29. V. 1989. C. Giusto,
identified by Dr. G. Platia, DNA 2515.
Cidnopus pilosus (Leske, 1785): 4 males, Italy, Liguria (Sv) dint. Verezzi, m 280. 5. V. 1994. C. Giusto leg, identified by Dr. G. Platia, 3041; 2 males, Hungary, Bataapati. 29. IV. 2003. J. Y. Choi, identified by T. M. Han, DNA 3043 [NAAS].
Cidnopus pseudopilosus Platia and Gudenzi, 1985: 3 males, female, Italy, Marche (PU, Pesaro e Urbino), Mt. Carpegna m 1100–1400. 28. V. 2001. Pavanello, identified by Dr. G. Platia, DNA 3042.
Cidnopus marginicollis (Lewis, 1894): male, Mt. Gomanodan, Wakayama Pref., Honshu, Japan. 31. V. 1987. H. Hiramatsu leg., identified by Dr. H. Ôhira, DNA no. 3044; female, Mt. Gomanodan, Wakayama Prif., Honshu, Japan. 24. V. 1986. H. Hiramatsu leg., identified by Dr. H. Ôhira, DNA 3044.
Nothodes parvulus (Penzer, 1799): 2 males, 2 females, Turkey, Icel Camliyayla. I. VII. 1993. G. Sama, identified by Dr. G. Platia, DNA 3045; male, Germany, von Bolzchutz-firma Binker Behringersdorf. 1989. Unknown collector, identified by Dr. G. Platia, DNA 794.
Pheletes quercus (Oliveir, 1790): male, 3 females, Slovenia-Slavnik, Mt. Tajano, m 900. 10. VI. 1996. G. Giusto, identified by Dr. G. Platia, DNA 3046.
Remarks. Cidnopus scutellaris was recently described by Dolin (2003). It was collected from a conservation
area at Ussuriysk in the Russian Far East. This species is new to the Korean Peninsula fauna. In 2009, we examined
a male specimen that was labeled as Cidnopus scutellaris by Dr. Prosvirov from the same locality and determined
that the specimen is identical to the examined Korean specimens. However, the description of the antennae and
pronotum do not agree with the original description. Dolin (2003:36) described it as Fühler lang, sägeförmig,
überragen die Spitzen der Halsschildhinterwinkel um 1˚ Glieder…… Halsschild trapezförmig, stark gewölbt, kaum
länger als breit……. Flügeldecken 2.65x länger als der Halsschild und fast 2.5x so lang wie brei. However, in the
male specimen, the last two antennomeres (10th and 11th) extend beyond the apex of the pronotal hind angles, the
length of the pronotum is slightly longer than the width, and the length of the elytra is about 2.34 to 2.40 times
longer than the length of the pronotum and 2.06 to 2.36 times longer than the width of the elytra in several males. It is suggested that this species may be variable throughout its range. In particular, the aedeagus examined in terms of the shape of parameres in each local population was variable. A population from the Korean Peninsula has a small lateral subapical barb (Fig. 5 A); the population of Island Soya, located on the western coast, has a more longitudinally elongated lateral subapical barb (Fig. 5 B); and a Russian population has a broader lateral subapical barb (Fig. 5 C) as compared with the other populations examined.
Becker (1956:201) pointed out that examination of the female internal organs could be used as a main basis for grouping of species. By comparative examination, we propose transferring C. scutellaris into the genus Limonius because of the similarity of the male and female genitalia to those of the type species L. minutus (Linneaus, 1758) (Fig. 6 B, 6C) than to those of Cidnopus. In the examination of female reproductive organs (Fig. 6 D) of Cidnopus pseudopilosus Platia and Gudenzi, 1985, most closely related to the type species C. pilosus (Leske, 1785), the BC is distinctly small and not elongate with two accessory glands in opposite directions.
Distribution. New to Korean Peninsula, the Russian Far East.
description: Published as part of Han, Taeman, Park, Haechul, Lee, Youngbo, Kim, Namjeong, Ôhira, Hitoo, Platia, Giuseppe & Lee, Seunghwan, 2012, Taxonomic Review of the Subtribe Athouina Candèze, 1859 (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Dendrometrinae, Dendrometrini) in Korea, pp. 47-66 in Zootaxa 3591 on pages 54-58, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.283181