cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Micro-Level Event-Centered Approach to Investigating Armed Conflict and Population Responses
Creators: name: Pradhan, Meeta S.
name: Williams, Nathalie E.
name: Jennings, Elyse A.
name: Axinn, William G.
name: Ghimire, Dirgha J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: In this article, we construct and test a micro-level event-centered approach to the study of armed conflict and behavioral responses in the general population. Event-centered approaches have been successfully used in the macro-political study of armed conflict but have not yet been adopted in micro-behavioral studies. The micro-level event-centered approach that we advocate here includes decomposition of a conflict into discrete political and violent events, examination of the mechanisms through which they affect behavior, and consideration of differential risks within the population. We focus on two mechanisms: instability and threat of harm. We test this approach empirically in the context of the recent decade-long armed conflict in Nepal, using detailed measurements of conflict-related events and a longitudinal study of first migration, first marriage, and first contraceptive use. Results demonstrate that different conflict-related events independently shaped migration, marriage, and childbearing and that they can simultaneously influence behaviors in opposing directions. We find that violent events increased migration, but political events slowed migration. Both violent and political events increased marriage and contraceptive use net of migration. Overall, this micro-level event-centered approach yields a significant advance for the study of how armed conflict affects civilian behavioral responses.
Dynamics and performance of clock pendulums
Creators: name: Hoyng, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of a driven, damped pendulum as used in mechanical clocks. We derive equations for the amplitude and phase of the oscillation, on time scales longer than the pendulum period. The equations are first order ODEs and permit fast simulations of the joint effects of circular and escapement errors, friction, and other disturbances for long times. The equations contain two averages of the driving torque over a period, so that the results are not very sensitive to the fine structure of the driving. We adopt a constant-torque escapement and study the stationary pendulum rate as a function of driving torque and friction. We also study the reaction of the pendulum to a sudden change in the driving torque, and to stationary noisy driving. The equations for the amplitude and phase are shown to describe the pendulum dynamics quite well on time scales of one period and longer. Our emphasis is on a clear exposition of the physics.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Classification and Reconstruction of High-Dimensional Signals from Low-Dimensional Features in the Presence of Side Information
Creators: name: Renna, Francesco
name: Wang, Liming
name: Yuan, Xin
name: Yang, Jianbo
name: Reeves, Galen
name: Calderbank, Robert
name: Carin, Lawrence
name: Rodrigues, Miguel R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper offers a characterization of fundamental limits on the classification and reconstruction of high-dimensional signals from low-dimensional features, in the presence of side information. We consider a scenario where a decoder has access both to linear features of the signal of interest and to linear features of the side information signal; while the side information may be in a compressed form, the objective is recovery or classification of the primary signal, not the side information. The signal of interest and the side information are each assumed to have (distinct) latent discrete labels; conditioned on these two labels, the signal of interest and side information are drawn from a multivariate Gaussian distribution. With joint probabilities on the latent labels, the overall signal-(side information) representation is defined by a Gaussian mixture model. We then provide sharp sufficient and/or necessary conditions for these quantities to approach zero when the covariance matrices of the Gaussians are nearly low-rank. These conditions, which are reminiscent of the well-known Slepian-Wolf and Wyner-Ziv conditions, are a function of the number of linear features extracted from the signal of interest, the number of linear features extracted from the side information signal, and the geometry of these signals and their interplay. Moreover, on assuming that the signal of interest and the side information obey such an approximately low-rank model, we derive expansions of the reconstruction error as a function of the deviation from an exactly low-rank model; such expansions also allow identification of operational regimes where the impact of side information on signal reconstruction is most relevant. Our framework, which offers a principled mechanism to integrate side information in high-dimensional data problems, is also tested in the context of imaging applications.
description: 62 pages, 11 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. The abstract of the paper is not reported entirely in the metadata due to length limitations
Environmental Influences on Human Migration in Rural Ecuador
Creators: name: Bilsborrow, Richard
name: Gray, Clark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The question of whether environmental conditions influence human migration has recently gained considerable attention, driven by claims that global environmental change will displace large populations. Despite this high level of interest, few quantitative studies have investigated the potential effects of environmental factors on migration, particularly in the developing world and for gradual but pervasive forms of environmental change. To address this, a retrospective migration survey was conducted in rural Ecuador and linked to data on topography, climate, and weather shocks. These data were used to estimate multivariate event history models of alternative forms of mobility (local mobility, internal migration, and international migration), controlling for a large number of covariates. This approach is generalizable to other study areas and responds to calls for the development of more rigorous methods in this field. The results indicate that adverse environmental conditions do not consistently increase rural out-migration and, in some cases, reduce migration. Instead, households respond to environmental factors in diverse ways, resulting in complex migratory responses. Overall, the results support an alternative narrative of environmentally induced migration that recognizes the adaptability of rural households in responding to environmental change.
title: Novel approaches in bacterial keratitis
Creators: name: Sueke, Henri
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Bacterial keratitis is a serious ophthalmic disease with significant visual morbidity. The aims of this thesis are to investigate (1) the prevalence and type of bacterial virulence factors in the two major species causing keratitis; Staphylococcal aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and (2) the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of meropenem, a potentially novel antimicrobial for use in keratitis. The prevalence, genetic diversity and clinical relevance of the lukSF-PV gene, encoding the bacterial toxin Panton Valentine Leukocidin, were investigated in S. aureus, isolated from cases of bacterial keratitis in the UK. Patients with lukSF-PV+ve S. aureus were found to be associated with a trend to worse clinical outcome and more surgical interventions, with an effect unrelated to minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). This suggests that lukSF-PV may be an important virulence factor in S. aureus associated keratitis. The genetic characteristics of P. aeruginosa isolates collected from patients with bacterial keratitis were compared between two time periods; 2003-04 and 2009-10 using an Array Tube genotyping system. 71% of keratitis-associated P. aeruginosa isolates clustered together, with no evidence for major variations in the distribution of clone types between the two time periods. The “core keratitis cluster” was found to be related to the P. aeruginosa eccB clonal complex, which is associated with adaptation to survival in environmental water. This suggests that adaptation to environmental water is a key factor in the ability of P. aeruginosa to cause keratitis. Further analysis of clinical data and studies involving additional sets of patients for verification of this hypothesis will provide a clearer picture. Pharmacodynamic properties of commonly used and potentially novel antimicrobials were determined by calculating MICs against isolates from patients with keratitis. Antimicrobial combinations were investigated for synergy or antagonism against isolates of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa using E-Tests. Meropenem was identified as a potentially novel antimicrobial for use in keratitis, offering broad-spectrum cover against both Gram-positive and -negative microorganisms. Meropenem was also shown to show synergistic properties when used in combination with other commonly used antimicrobials. In light of these results, the antimicrobial meropenem was chosen to undergo further pharmacokinetic studies. MTT and Live Dead toxicity assays were performed on human keratocytes and human corneal epithelial cells treated with meropenem. Meropenem was found to have low toxicity against these cells. Corneal penetration of meropenem was assessed in human cadaver corneo-scleral discs mounted onto artificial anterior chambers. The concentration of meropenem in the aqueous estimated by HPLC and disc diffusion bioassay exceeded the MIC90 of E. coli in all 18 corneas tested after the 45 minutes sample point.
Framework for Extensible, Asynchronous Task Scheduling (FEATS) in Fortran
Creators: name: Richardson, Brad
name: Rouson, Damian
name: Snyder, Harris
name: Singleterry, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Modern Fortran, Task Scheduling, Framework, coarray

description: Most parallel scientific programs contain compiler directives (pragmas) such as those from OpenMP, explicit calls to runtime library procedures such as those implementing the Message Passing Interface (MPI), or compiler-specific language extensions such as those provided by CUDA. By contrast, the recent Fortran standards empower developers to express parallel algorithms without directly referencing lower-level parallel programming models. Fortran’s parallel features place the language within the Partitioned Global Address Space (PGAS) class of programming models. When writing programs that exploit data-parallelism, application developers often find it straightforward to develop custom parallel algorithms. Problems involving complex, heterogeneous, staged calculations, however, pose much greater challenges. Such applications require careful coordination of tasks in a manner that respects dependencies prescribed by a directed acyclic graph. When rolling one’s own solution proves difficult, extending a customizable framework becomes attractive. The paper presents the design, implementation, and use of the Framework for Extensible Asynchronous Task Scheduling (FEATS), which we believe to be the first task-scheduling tool written in modern Fortran. We describe the benefits and compromises associated with choosing Fortran as the implementation language, and we propose ways in which future Fortran standards can best support the use case in this paper.
title: Moving from ‘central exclusivity’ to cooperative federalism in the international economic participation of federal systems : A case study of Nigeria
Creators: name: Omiunu, Ohiocheoya
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Conventionally, the conduct of foreign relations (including international economic relations) by nation-states has been the exclusive preserve of the central tier of government (i.e. ‘central exclusivity’ in foreign relations). However, the peculiarities of federal systems have posed a serious challenge to this conventional position. This is because federalism is based on principles which require shared powers between multiple levels of government. As such, Sub-Federal Governments (SFGs) have been known to affect the operation of international norms in federal systems. Furthermore, the international system is constantly evolving due to geopolitical changes, most notably globalisation. These changes in the international system have facilitated an increased participation of SFGs in international relations and as a consequence brought into question the continued relevance of conventional norms pertaining to foreign relations in international law. With regards to Nigeria, and in the specific context of international economic relations, empirical evidence shows that since the start of the 4th democratic Republic in 1999, SFGs in Nigeria are increasingly accessing international markets and engaging in activities which have direct and/or indirect impact on Nigeria’s international economic relations. This trend contradicts the constitutional position in Nigeria, where the extant theoretical framework underpinning Nigeria’s international economic participation gives plenary powers for foreign relations to the Federal Government (FG). In light of this contradiction, this thesis examines the divergence between theory and reality in Nigeria’s international economic relations. This thesis puts forward a proposition that the functional reality of international economic interactions in the current dispensation necessitates a re-assessment of the existing framework underpinning the relationship between domestic (federal) and international regimes in international economic relations. In the context of Nigeria, this thesis concludes that the changing dynamics of international economic relations necessitates a shift from central exclusivity to a cooperative federalism model.
The formation of the positive, fixed charge at c-Si(111)/a-Si$_3$N$_{3.5}$:H interfaces
Creators: name: Hintzsche, L. E.
name: Fang, C. M.
name: Marsman, M.
name: Lamers, M. W. P. E.
name: Weeber, A. W.
name: Kresse, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern electronic devices are unthinkable without the well-controlled formation of interfaces at heterostructures. These often involve at least one amorphous material. Modeling such interfaces poses a significant challenge, since a meaningful result can only be expected by using huge models or by drawing from many statistically independent samples. Here we report on the results of high throughput calculations for interfaces between crystalline silicon (c-Si) and amorphous silicon nitride (a-Si$_3$N$_{3.5}$:H), which are omnipresent in commercially available solar cells. The findings reconcile only partly understood key features. At the interface, threefold coordinated Si atoms are present. These are caused by the structural mismatch between the amorphous and crystalline part. The local Fermi level of undoped c-Si lies well below that of a-SiN:H. To align the Fermi levels in the device, charge is transferred from the a-SiN:H part to the c-Si part resulting in an abundance of positively charged, threefold coordinated Si atoms at the interface. This explains the existence of a positive, fixed charge at the interface that repels holes.
Mortality Increase in Late-Middle and Early-Old Age: Heterogeneity in Death Processes as a New Explanation
Creators: name: Li, Ting
name: Yang, Yang Claire
name: Anderson, James J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Deviations from the Gompertz law of exponential mortality increases in late-middle and early-old age are commonly neglected in overall mortality analyses. In this study, we examined mortality increase patterns between ages 40 and 85 in 16 low-mortality countries and demonstrated sex differences in these patterns, which also changed across period and cohort. These results suggest that the interaction between aging and death is more complicated than what is usually assumed from the Gompertz law and also challenge existing biodemographic hypotheses about the origin and mechanisms of sex differences in mortality. We propose a two-mortality model that explains these patterns as the change in the composition of intrinsic and extrinsic death rates with age. We show that the age pattern of overall mortality and the population heterogeneity therein are possibly generated by multiple dynamics specified by a two-mortality model instead of a uniform process throughout most adult ages.
One-parameter formal deformations of Hom-Lie-Yamaguti algebras
Creators: name: Ma, Yao
name: Chen, Liangyun
name: Lin, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies one-parameter formal deformations of Hom-Lie-Yamaguti algebras. The first, second and third cohomology groups on Hom-Lie-Yamaguti algebras extending ones on Lie-Yamaguti algebras are provided. It is proved that first and second cohomology groups are suitable to the deformation theory involving infinitesimals, equivalent deformations and rigidity. However, the third cohomology group is not suitable for the obstructions.
description: 12
The Educational Consequences of Teen Childbearing
Creators: name: Kane, Jennifer B.
name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
name: Morgan, S. Philip
name: Guilkey, David K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A huge literature shows that teen mothers face a variety of detriments across the life course, including truncated educational attainment. To what extent is this association causal? The estimated effects of teen motherhood on schooling vary widely, ranging from no discernible difference to 2.6 fewer years among teen mothers. The magnitude of educational consequences is therefore uncertain, despite voluminous policy and prevention efforts that rest on the assumption of a negative and presumably causal effect. This study adjudicates between two potential sources of inconsistency in the literature—methodological differences or cohort differences—by using a single, high-quality data source: namely, The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. We replicate analyses across four different statistical strategies: ordinary least squares regression; propensity score matching; and parametric and semiparametric maximum likelihood estimation. Results demonstrate educational consequences of teen childbearing, with estimated effects between 0.7 and 1.9 fewer years of schooling among teen mothers. We select our preferred estimate (0.7), derived from semiparametric maximum likelihood estimation, on the basis of weighing the strengths and limitations of each approach. Based on the range of estimated effects observed in our study, we speculate that variable statistical methods are the likely source of inconsistency in the past. We conclude by discussing implications for future research and policy, and recommend that future studies employ a similar multimethod approach to evaluate findings.
Genetic Bio-Ancestry and Social Construction of Racial Classification in Social Surveys in the Contemporary United States
Creators: name: Cai, Tianji
name: Fu, Yilan
name: Li, Yi
name: Lee, Hedwig
name: Mullan Harris, Kathleen
name: Guo, Guang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Self-reported race is generally considered the basis for racial classification in social surveys, including the U.S. census. Drawing on recent advances in human molecular genetics and social science perspectives of socially constructed race, our study takes into account both genetic bio-ancestry and social context in understanding racial classification. This article accomplishes two objectives. First, our research establishes geographic genetic bio-ancestry as a component of racial classification. Second, it shows how social forces trump biology in racial classification and/or how social context interacts with bio-ancestry in shaping racial classification. The findings were replicated in two racially and ethnically diverse data sets: the College Roommate Study (N = 2,065) and the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (N = 2,281).
title: Metaverse και νομικά ζητήματα : προστασία δεδομένων, ευθύνη, ζητήματα ανταγωνισμού, ασφάλεια
title: Metaverse and legal Issues : data protection, liability, competition issues, security
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μανίκα, Ευαγγελία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Metaverse
subject: Ασφάλεια
subject: Προστασία δεδομένων
subject: Ευθύνη
subject: Ζητήματα ανταγωνισμού

description: Η ταχύτατη εξέλιξη της τεχνολογίας σε συνδυασμό με τις ανάγκες των σύγχρονων ανθρώπων, ειδικότερα μετά την άφιξη της πανδημίας Covid-19, η οποία αποτέλεσε την αιτία της έντονης κοινωνικής απομόνωσης και παράλληλης ανάγκης των ανθρώπων για εξεύρεση νέων τρόπων κοινωνικής επαφής, καταστούν αναγκαία την ύπαρξη νέων τεχνολογικών δυνατότητων, μέσω των οποίων οι άνθρωποι θα δύνανται, μεταξύ άλλων, να επικοινωνούν, να κοινωνικοποιούνται καθώς και να περνούν μεγάλο μέρος της καθημερινότητας τους, υλοποιώντας μέρος των υποχρεώσεων και δραστηριοτήτων τους. Για αυτούς και πολλούς άλλους λόγους το Metaverse έχει ήδη αρχίσει εδώ και καιρό να συζητείται έντονα καθώς μέσω αυτού του νέου εικονικού κόσμου, οι μεν νέες ευκαιρίες είναι αμέτρητες, οι δε προκλήσεις έντονες. Ειδικότερα, το metaverse μπορεί να προσφέρει μια σειρά από διευκολύνσεις στη ζωή του σύγχρονου ανθρώπου, ο οποίος δύναται να εργάζεται, να ψυχαγωγείται, να προβαίνει σε αγορές κινητών και ακινήτων πραγμάτων εντός του metaverse χρησιμοποιώντας συγκεκριμένες τεχνολογικές συσκευές μέσω των οποίων θα παρέχεται η εν λόγω μοναδική δυνατότητα και εμπειρία. Ωστόσο, το εν λόγω ψηφιακό περιβάλλον είναι βέβαιο ότι θα φέρει αντιμέτωπους τόσο τους χρήστες όσο και τους διαχειριστές με μια σειρά νομικών ζητημάτων, εκτεινόμενων από την προστασία των προσωπικών δεδομένων και την ασφάλεια έως και τη ρύθμιση του ανταγωνισμού καθώς και του καθορισμού της ευθύνης εντός του metaverse. Η παρούσα μελέτη εστιάζει στις βασικότερες πτυχές των ως άνω αναφερόμενων ζητημάτων.
Asymptotics of the Weyl Function for Schrödinger Operators with Measure-Valued Potentials
Creators: name: Luger, Annemarie
name: Teschl, Gerald
name: Wöhrer, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 34B24, 34L05, Secondary 34L40, 46E22

description: We derive an asymptotic expansion for the Weyl function of a one-dimensional Schrödinger operator which generalizes the classical formula by Atkinson. Moreover, we show that the asymptotic formula can also be interpreted in the sense of distributions.
description: 10 pages
Stellar Stalling: the view from asteroseismology
Creators: name: Hall, Oliver J.
name: Davies, Guy R.
name: van Saders, Jennifer
name: Nielsen, Martin B.
name: Lund, Mikkel N.
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Garcia, Rafael
name: Amard, Louis
name: Breimann, Angela A.
name: Khan, Saniya
name: See, Victor
name: Tayar, Jamie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: stellar rotation
asteroseismology
kepler
bayesian statistics
hierarchical models
spherical harmonics
astrophysics
astronomy

description: Asteroseismology, the study of intrinsic oscillations in stars, can reveal fundamental properties of cool stars critical in our understanding of stellar rotational evolution. Through space missions such as Kepler and TESS, asteroseismology has seen a surge of new data and research in the past decade. These data have contributed to important results in the field of stellar braking particularly for F, G and K stars, thanks to estimates of stellar age for rotating field stars, and the measurement of stellar rotation through oscillation spectra as important comparisons for estimates from star-spots. In this talk, I will provide an introduction to asteroseismology how it can provide important results for your research. This will be followed by a breakdown of how asteroseismologists have used these techniques to establish the presence of weakened magnetic braking on the main sequence using asteroseismic data, and what we should be looking forward to from these techniques with the TESS mission.
description: {"references": ["Hall, Oliver et al. (2021), Nature Astronomy, Volume 5, p. 707-714", "Nielsen, Martin et al. (2015), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 582, id.A10, 5 pp.", "Davies, Guy et al. (2015), Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 446, Issue 3, p.2959-2966", "Benomar, Othman et al. (2018), Science, Volume 361, Issue 6408, pp. 1231-1234", "Silva Aguirre, Victor et al. (2015), Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 452, Issue 2, p.2127-2148", "Davies, Guy et al. (2016), Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 456, Issue 2, p.2183-2195", "Lund, Mikkel et al. (2017), The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 835, Issue 2, article id. 172, 31 pp.", "Silva Aguirre, Victor et al. (2017), The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 835, Issue 2, article id. 173, 18 pp.", "Lund, Mikkel et al. (2014), The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 790, Issue 2, article id. 121, 28 pp.", "David, Trevor et al. (2022), The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 933, Issue 1, id.114, 22 pp."]}
[OI]63micron jets in class 0 sources detected by Herschel
Creators: name: Nisini, B.
name: Santangelo, G.
name: Giannini, T.
name: Antoniucci, S.
name: Cabrit, S.
name: Codella, C.
name: Davis, C. J.
name: Eisloeffel, J.
name: Kristensen, L.
name: Herczeg, G.
name: Neufeld, D.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Herschel PACS mapping observations of the [OI]63 micron line towards protostellar outflows in the L1448, NGC1333-IRAS4, HH46, BHR71 and VLA1623 star forming regions. We detect emission spatially resolved along the outflow direction, which can be associated with a low excitation atomic jet. In the L1448-C, HH46 IRS and BHR71 IRS1 outflows this emission is kinematically resolved into blue- and red-shifted jet lobes, having radial velocities up to 200 km/s. In the L1448-C atomic jet the velocity increases with the distance from the protostar, similarly to what observed in the SiO jet associated with this source. This suggests that [OI] and molecular gas are kinematically connected and that this latter could represent the colder cocoon of a jet at higher excitation. Mass flux rates (M$_{jet}$(OI)) have been measured from the [OI]63micron luminosity adopting two independent methods. We find values in the range 1-4 10$^{-7}$ Mo/yr for all sources but HH46, for which an order of magnitude higher value is estimated. M$_{jet}$(OI) are compared with mass accretion rates (M$_{acc}$) onto the protostar and with M$_{jet}$ derived from ground-based CO observations. M$_{jet}$(OI)/M$_{acc}$ ratios are in the range 0.05-0.5, similar to the values for more evolved sources. M$_{jet}$(OI) in HH46 IRS and IRAS4A are comparable to M$_{jet}$(CO), while those of the remaining sources are significantly lower than the corresponding M$_{jet}$(CO). We speculate that for these three sources most of the mass flux is carried out by a molecular jet, while the warm atomic gas does not significantly contribute to the dynamics of the system.
description: 37 pages and 12 figures, accepted for publication on Astrophysical Journal
title: Laser curing of inks for plastic electronic applications
Creators: name: Fu, Liwei
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: The development of the plastic electronics industry has drawn great interest and inspired technology innovations in a broad area. This has stimulated the rapid development of flexible circuitry manufacturing technologies, including advances in conductive inks, printing technology and most importantly the novel curing technology - laser based curing (or Laser Direct Write). This has the ability to replace the conventional environmentally damaging and time consuming chemical etching method in current Printed Circuit Board (PCB) manufacturing. The work presented in this thesis is an investigation into a frequency doubled Nd:YAG laser curing process of epoxy-based micro-sized particulate silver inks. This 532nm laser curing process filled the gap as no research reported for solidifying conductive microparticle silver ink using this particular laser wavelength at 532nm. This 532nm laser curing process also extended the curing technology with a fast localized heating process. The composition of the epoxy-based conductive silver ink was studied in this investigation. The laser wavelength of 532nm was selected as the silver microparticles can absorb the laser energy more efficiently without the risk of damaging the material compared to infrared wavelength. Liquid-phase epoxy-based particulate silver inks deposited on flexible substrates were irradiated by laser beam at the wavelength of 532nm. This produced a smooth and cured ink with an effectively reduced electrical resistivity. A new laser curing mechanism theory was proposed based on the presented experimental research. 532nm has shown benefits in protecting the flexible substrate used from thermal damage, owing to the high transmittance of the wavelength through the substrate material. Unlike massive solvent evaporation observed in CO2 laser curing at 10.6µm, laser curing at 532nm, transported the solvent component by expelling solvent liquid from the ink system as a result of a radical change in solvent dynamic viscosity at an increased temperature and the molecular excitation followed by the Marangoni effect. Chemical cross-linking reactions to resin system were evidenced by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), resulting in a fully cured ink with reduced electrical resistivity. Epoxy-based silver ink's physical properties such as density, thermal conductivity were mathematically defined based on a new temperature evolution for use in a 3-D finite element (FE) modelling. A Time-dependent solver was chosen for modelling the thermal field in a 532nm laser curing process of epoxy-based conductive silver ink within COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3b. The modelling results were compared to the experimental thermal images for FE model validation. The impact to laser curing results by changing the absorption of the epoxy-based conductive silver ink was investigated in this FE model.
Generalized plumbings and Murasugi sums
Creators: name: Ozbagci, Burak
name: Popescu-Pampu, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R15, 32S55, 57R17

description: We propose a generalization of the classical notions of plumbing and Murasugi summing operations to smooth manifolds of arbitrary dimensions, so that in this general context Gabai's credo "the Murasugi sum is a natural geometric operation" holds. In particular, we prove that the sum of the pages of two open books is again a page of an open book and that there is an associated summing operation of Morse maps. We conclude with several open questions relating this work with singularity theory or contact topology.
description: 54 pages, 31 figures. We revised the first version according to the referee's comments
Is the Gene-Environment Interaction Paradigm Relevant to Genome-Wide Studies? The Case of Education and Body Mass Index
Creators: name: Domingue, Benjamin W.
name: McQueen, Matthew B.
name: Blalock, Casey L.
name: Boardman, Jason D.
name: Haberstick, Brett C.
name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This study uses data from the Framingham Heart Study to examine the relevance of the gene-environment interaction paradigm for genome-wide association studies (GWAS). We use completed college education as our environmental measure and estimate the interactive effect of genotype and education on body mass index (BMI) using 260,402 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Our results highlight the sensitivity of parameter estimates obtained from GWAS models and the difficulty of framing genome-wide results using the existing gene-environment interaction typology. We argue that SNP-environment interactions across the human genome are not likely to provide consistent evidence regarding genetic influences on health that differ by environment. Nevertheless, genome-wide data contain rich information about individual respondents, and we demonstrate the utility of this type of data. We highlight the fact that GWAS is just one use of genome-wide data, and we encourage demographers to develop methods that incorporate this vast amount of information from respondents into their analyses.
VITALISE D12.2 Report from VITALISE platform access  and usage
Creators: name: Medrano-Gil, Alejandro Martín
name: Cea, Gloria
name: Merino-Barbancho, Beatriz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document "D12.2 - Report from VITALISE platform access and usage" provides an overview of the VITALISE project's Virtual Access (VA) platform, detailing its usage, user interaction, and feedback. 

The report begins by outlining the sources of data for analysis, primarily sourced from the Discovery Portal (DP) and the EU Survey questionnaire tool. Methods for analysis include examining published datasets, registered users, RAI Nodes activity, experiments, and post-VA questionnaires.

Results show that the VA attracted 159 registered users, with datasets spanning various categories. Analysis of user interaction reveals typical lifecycle patterns, peaking during user training and outreach campaigns.  

System Usability Scale (SUS) results suggest room for improvement, with an average score of 68.27. However, overall impressions of the VA are positive, reflecting the project's commitment to open science and FAIR principles. Feedback suggests areas for enhancement, such as improving dataset quality and implementing a ranking system. 

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are reviewed, indicating satisfaction with the tool, researchers' willingness to share data, and interest in future collaborations. Despite successful VA usage, participants have yet to produce results, but express readiness to share findings. 

In conclusion, the VITALISE VA platform demonstrates promising engagement among researchers, highlighting areas for improvement to enhance user experience and promote collaboration in open science initiatives.
Classification of some Solvable Leibniz Algebras
Creators: name: Demir, Ismail
name: Misra, Kailash C.
name: Stitzinger, Ernie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Leibniz algebras are certain generalization of Lie algebras. In this paper we give classification of non-Lie solvable (left) Leibniz algebras of dimension $\leq 8$ with one dimensional derived subalgebra. We use the canonical forms for the congruence classes of matrices of bilinear forms to obtain our result. Our approach can easily be extended to classify these algebras of higher dimensions. We also revisit the classification of three dimensional non-Lie solvable (left) Leibniz algebras.
description: 10 pages
title: Συστήματα οδήγησης (Autopilot) για σκάφη με PLC
title: Autopilot system for ships using PLC
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Παπάζογλου, Απόστολος-Αλκαίος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Αυτόματος πιλότος
Αυτοματισμός
Ναυτιλία
Autopilot
PLC
Adaptive autopilot
Γυροσκόπιο
Πλοήγηση
Ναυσιπλοΐα

description: Η ναυτιλία αποτελεί αναπόσπαστο μέρος του τομέα του εμπορίου και μεταφορών , αφού πάνω από το 80% των μετακινήσεων αγαθών, γίνονται μέσω θαλάσσης. Η τεχνολογία της ναυτιλίας έχει αναπτυχθεί σε πολύ μεγάλο βαθμό για να μπορεί να εξυπηρετεί τις ανάγκες των βιομηχανιών και της κοινωνίας. Τα ταξίδια είναι μεγάλα και για πολλούς μήνες τα πληρώματα βρίσκονται κάτω από δυσμενείς συνθήκες. Ο αυτόματος πιλότος είναι ένα σύστημα το οποίο έχει αλλάξει τα δεδομένα για την πλοήγηση, αναλαμβάνοντας πολλαπλά καθήκοντα και επιτρέποντας έτσι στο πλήρωμα να διοχετεύσει τον χρόνο του σε άλλες εργασίες. Τέτοια συστήματα μπορούμε να βρούμε πλέον σε σκάφη κάθε μεγέθους, από μικρά ιστιοφόρα μέχρι φυσικά και τα εμπορικά, κρουαζιερόπλοια και πετρελαιοφόρα. Περιγράφονται οι κατηγορίες των αυτομάτων πιλοτών που μπορούμε να βρούμε σε διάφορων ειδών σκαφών και βασικές αρχές λειτουργίας καθώς και τα βασικά εξαρτήματα. Κάθε πλεούμενο έχει διαφορετικά χαρακτηριστικά που τα συστήματα αυτά πρέπει να προσαρμοστούν. Αναγνωρίζοντας την σημασία και την αναγκαιότητα αυτού του εργαλείου, η διπλωματική αυτή εστιάζει στην ανάλυση των συστημάτων Autopilot και την κατασκευή ενός πειραματικού λογισμικού βασισμένο στην τεχνολογία PLC που είναι ακόμα ένα, πολύ βασικό, εργαλείο για τη ναυτιλία. Αυτό το λογισμικό θα μπορέσει να δώσει μια ποιο άμεση ματιά στον τρόπο λειτουργίας του Autopilot.
PlasticsFatE Newsletter - July-August 2023
Creators: name: Tobin, Lesley
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: microplastics
nanoplastics
human health
risk assessment
toxicology
environmental exposure
exposure

description: A summary of the EU-funded PlasticsFatE project's research developments and activities January - July 2023. PlasticsFatE is working to improve our understanding of the fate and effects of micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) and associated additives / adsorbed contaminants (A/C) in the human body
PLATO's photometric retrieval of the tidal deformation of cool stars
Creators: name: Singh, Vikash
name: Scandariato, Gaetano
name: Montalto, Marco
name: Pagano, Isabella
name: Bruno, Giovanni
name: Sicilia, Daniela
name: Calderone, Flavia
name: Arena, Claudio
name: Greco, Nino
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Exoplanets
Stars

description: With the advent of PLATO, we will have the opportunity to visit a significant number of Cool stars and associated transiting planets. The shape and motion of the host star is significantly affected by its planetary companions. The effect being larger as the planet to star mass ratio increases. The light curve of a transiting system such as a hot Neptune around a cool star provides information on the tidal shape and orientation of the host star, in addition to its rotational velocity. In this context, we predict the performance of PLATO over such systems with particular focus on the detection of ellipsoidal variations. Since the tidal deformation of stars depends on their internal structure, the detection of ellipsoidal variations will allow us to test and validate current models for the interiors of M and K dwarfs.
description: {"references": ["Scandariato, G et. al. (2022), A&A, 668, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243974", "Rauer, H et. al. (2014), Experimental Astronomy 38, 249\u2013330, doi:10.1007/s10686-014-9383-4", "Esteves, L et. al. (2013), ApJ, 772, doi:10.1088/0004-637X/772/1/51"]}
title: Voice Analysis for Neurological Disorder Recognition – A Systematic Review and Perspective on Emerging Trends
Creators: name: Hecker, Pascal
name: Steckhan, Nico
name: Eyben, Florian
name: Schuller, Björn Wolfgang
name: Arnrich, Bert
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Quantifying neurological disorders from voice is a rapidly growing field of research and holds promise for unobtrusive and large-scale disorder monitoring. The data recording setup and data analysis pipelines are both crucial aspects to effectively obtain relevant information from participants. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to provide a high-level overview of practices across various neurological disorders and highlight emerging trends. PRISMA-based literature searches were conducted through PubMed, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore to identify publications in which original (i.e., newly recorded) datasets were collected. Disorders of interest were psychiatric as well as neurodegenerative disorders, such as bipolar disorder, depression, and stress, as well as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's disease, and speech impairments (aphasia, dysarthria, and dysphonia). Of the 43 retrieved studies, Parkinson's disease is represented most prominently with 19 discovered datasets. Free speech and read speech tasks are most commonly used across disorders. Besides popular feature extraction toolkits, many studies utilise custom-built feature sets. Correlations of acoustic features with psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders are presented. In terms of analysis, statistical analysis for significance of individual features is commonly used, as well as predictive modeling approaches, especially with support vector machines and a small number of artificial neural networks. An emerging trend and recommendation for future studies is to collect data in everyday life to facilitate longitudinal data collection and to capture the behavior of participants more naturally. Another emerging trend is to record additional modalities to voice, which can potentially increase analytical performance.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Reihe der Digital Engineering Fakultät; 13
title: Geometric symmetric powers in the homotopy categories of schemes over a field.
Creators: name: Palacios Baldeon, Joe
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: In this PhD thesis, we investigate the lambda-structure of geometric symmetric powers in both the unstable and the stable A^1-homotopy category of schemes over a field. We also establish a comparison between categoric, geometric, homotopy and projector symmetric powers in the rational stable A^1-homotopy category of schemes over a field.
title: Temperature-based weather derivatives modeling and contract design in mainland China
Creators: name: Zong, Lu
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: In the presented thesis, we build the theoretical framework for the development of temperature-based weather derivatives market in China. Our research is divided into two separate studies due to their di�erent scopes. In the �rst study, we focus on the determination of the most precise model for temperature-based weather derivative modeling and pricing in China. To achieve this objective, a heuristic comparison of the new stochastic seasonal variation (SSV) model with three established empirical temperature and pricing models, i.e. the Ala- ton model [1], the CAR model [2] and the Spline model [3] is conducted. Comparison criteria include residual normality, residual auto-correlation function (ACF), Akaike information criterion (AIC), relative errors, and stability of price behaviors. The re- sults show that the SSV model dominates the other three models by providing both a more precise �tting of the temperature process and more stable price behaviors. In the second study, novel forms of temperature indices are proposed and an- alyzed both on the city level and the climatic zone level, with the aim to provide a contract-selecting scheme that increases the risk management e�ciency in the agricultural sector of China. Performances of the newly-introduced indices are in- vestigated via an e�ciency test which considers the root mean square loss (RMSL), the value at risk (VaR) and the certainty-equivalent revenues (CERs). According to the results, agricultural risk management on the city scale can be optimized by using the absolute-deviation growth degree-day (GDD) index. On the other hand, it is suggested that climatic zone-based contracts can be more efficient compared with city-based contracts. The recommended contract-selection scheme is to purchase climatic zone-based average GDD contracts in climatic zone II, and to purchase climatic zone-based optimal-weighted GDD contracts in climatic zone I or III.
Bell-shaped nonstationary refinable ripplets
Creators: name: Pitolli, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A30, 42C40, 65T60

description: We study the approximation properties of the class of nonstationary refinable ripplets introduced in \cite{GP08}. These functions are solution of an infinite set of nonstationary refinable equations and are defined through sequences of scaling masks that have an explicit expression. Moreover, they are variation-diminishing and highly localized in the scale-time plane, properties that make them particularly attractive in applications. Here, we prove that they enjoy Strang-Fix conditions and convolution and differentiation rules and that they are bell-shaped. Then, we construct the corresponding minimally supported nonstationary prewavelets and give an iterative algorithm to evaluate the prewavelet masks. Finally, we give a procedure to construct the associated nonstationary biorthogonal bases and filters to be used in efficient decomposition and reconstruction algorithms. As an example, we calculate the prewavelet masks and the nonstationary biorthogonal filter pairs corresponding to the $C^2$ nonstationary scaling functions in the class and construct the corresponding prewavelets and biorthogonal bases. A simple test showing their good performances in the analysis of a spike-like signal is also presented. Keywords: total positivity, variation-dimishing, refinable ripplet, bell-shaped function, nonstationary prewavelet, nonstationary biorthogonal basis
description: 30 pages, 10 figures
The Determinants of Low Fertility in India
Creators: name: Dharmalingam, Arunachalam
name: Rajan, Sowmya
name: Morgan, S. Philip
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Using a conceptual framework focusing on factors that enhance or reduce fertility relative to desired family size (see Bongaarts 2001), we study fertility variation across time (1992–2006) and space (states) in India. Our empirical analyses use data from three waves of the Indian National Family Health Surveys. We find that this framework can account for a substantial portion of the variation in the TFR across the states and over time. Our estimates focus attention on the critical components of contemporary Indian fertility, especially desired family size, unwanted fertility, son preference, and fertility postponement.
Effects of solubilizing surfactants and loading of antiviral, antimicrobial, and antifungal drugs on their release rates from ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer
Creators: name: Randall, Marcus K.
name: Thaw, Khin L.
name: Kalachandra, Sid
name: Tallury, Padmavathy
name: Preisser, John S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This study investigates the effects of surfactants and drug loading on the drug release rate from ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer. The release rate of nystatin from EVA was studied with addition of non-ionic surfactants Tween 60 and Cremophor RH 40. In addition, the effect of increasing drug load on the release rates of nystatin, chlorhexidine diacetate and acyclovir is also presented.