cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Colonization and divergence: phylogeography and population genetics of the Atlantic coast beach mice
Creators: name: Kalkvik, Håkon M.
name: I. Jack Stout
name: Hoffman, Eric A.
name: Parkinson, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Barrier island taxa provide an opportunity to investigate recent evolutionary processes, such as colonization and isolation of recently diverged taxa, and provide important insights into understanding contemporary diversity and the assessment of conservation units. Using rapidly evolving genetic markers (mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites), we studied the Atlantic coast beach mouse subspecies (Peromyscus polionotus decoloratus, P. p. niveiventris, and P. p. phasma). Our data indicate that each of the extant coastal subspecies (P. p. niveiventris and P. p. phasma) is comprised of unique haplotypes indicative of their isolation, while the extinct subspecies, P. p. decoloratus, contain a single haplotype, which was shared with P. p. phasma. Moreover, all the coastal haplotypes originate from a single mainland haplotype found in central Florida, USA. The microsatellite data indicated high levels of genetic structure among our sampled populations. Additionally, these data group the populations into three distinct genetic clusters, with each of the extant coastal subspecies belonging to their own cluster and the mainland individuals forming a separate cluster. The extant Atlantic coast beach mice are on separate evolutionary trajectories, thus representative of separate taxonomic units. Therefore, the data support that two extant subspecies on the Florida Atlantic coast fit the Distinct Population Segment designation and should be managed and conserved as two separate independent units.
Mathematical modelling and experimental validation for optimisation and control of mammalian cell culture systems
Creators: name: Quiroga Campano, Ana
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) exhibit remarkable properties that make them suitable for a wide range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The main manufacturing platform used to produce mAbs is mammalian cell cultures due to their capacity for post-translational modifications, which are essential for the mAbs functionality (Zhu, 2012). Unfortunately, mammalian cell cultures present low yield, slow growth, and require expensive medium components. Model-based techniques could be industrially applied to overcome these limitations, e.g., implementing model-based optimisation strategies that identify feeding regimes to maximise mAbs titre in GS-NS0 cultures (Kiparissides et al., 2011). However, existing feeding strategies depend mainly on glucose and glutamate supply neglecting the exhaustion of essential amino acids and cell’s energy requirements not only for proliferation and maintenance but also for mAbs production. In this work, cell and product compositions, and energy requirements for proliferation, maintenance and production, have been considered in the development of a novel dynamic predictive model for GS-NS0 cells producing cB72.3 mAbs, in modified DMEM medium supplemented with 10% serum or in a serum-free CD-Hybridoma medium. The model describes growth kinetics, nutrient metabolism, mAbs secretion and the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) balance based on glucose/amino acids energy metabolic networks, in batch and fed-batch cultures; and it successfully predicts the number cells, and the concentrations of ATP, glucose, amino acids and lactate throughout the culture. The successful coupling of growth kinetics equations and stoichiometric balances, and the in vitro/in silico approach has enabled us to develop the first dynamic model that predicts the intracellular ATP content in mammalian cell cultures. Additionally, this experimentally validated model was utilised to design a tailor-made and low-cost supplemental medium and implement an optimised fed-batch schedule that maximises the mAbs production and extends the longevity of the culture. This integrated model-based approach has the potential to be applied for media development, upstream optimisation and the development of control strategies for a wide range of biopharmaceutical products.
Abdominal epilepsy in patient of schizophrenia - a diagnostic dilemma
Creators: name: SIDDIQUI, JAVED ATHER
name: QURESHI, SHAZIA FARHEEN
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Abdominal epilepsy is a rare and uncommon cause of recurrent abdominal pain. It is commonly occurring in children, but rarely in adolescents and elderly. Paroxysmal episodes of abdominal pain with neurological symptoms like dizziness, lethargy, and abnormal electroencephalogram and remarkable response to anticonvulsants confirms the diagnosis. Here we present a case of schizophrenia, who has reported with recurrent abdominal pain for 6 months, and she responded with valproic acid and remained symptoms free.
The Connection between Submillimeter Continuum Flux and Binary Separation in Young Binaries: Evidence of Interaction between Stars and Disks
Creators: name: Jensen, Eric L. N.
name: Mathieu, Robert D.
name: Fuller, Gary A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 800 micron continuum photometry of pre-main-sequence binary stars with projected separations a_p < 150 AU in the Sco-Oph star-forming region. Combining our observations with published 1300 micron photometry, we find that binaries in Sco-Oph with 1 < a_p < 50--100 AU have lower submillimeter fluxes than wider binaries or single stars, as previously found for Taurus- Auriga binaries. The wide binaries and single stars have indistinguishable submillimeter flux distributions. Thus, binary companions with separations less than 50--100 AU significantly influence the nature of associated disks. We have explored the hypothesis that the reduction in submillimeter flux is the result of gaps cleared in disks by companions. Gap clearing produces the qualitative dependence of submillimeter flux on binary separation, and a simple model suggests that large gaps in disks with surface densities typical of wide-binary or single-star disks can reduce submillimeter fluxes to levels consistent with the observed limits. This model shows that the present submillimeter flux upper limits do not necessarily imply a large reduction in disk surface densities. Two-thirds of the young binaries were detected by IRAS, showing that most binaries have circumstellar disks. These fluxes place lower limits of 10^{-5} M_sun on circumstellar disk masses. The submillimeter fluxes place upper limits of 0.005 M_sun on circumbinary disk masses. Thus massive circumbinary disks are rare among binaries with separations between a few AU and 100 AU. Circumbinary disks are found around some close binaries.
description: ApJ in press (Feb. 10, 1996). LaTeX, 35 pages, uses AASTeX macros. Complete PostScript version with figures available from http://www.astro.wisc.edu/prints/prints.html or by e-mail request to jensen@astro.wisc.edu
Materials science tools for organic electronics
Creators: name: Scaccabarozzi, Alberto
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Organic semiconductors and their electronic applications have attracted considerable interest over the last decades promising an alternative to conventional, inorganic electronics. The extensive research in the field has led to great advances and organic electronics is now entering the stage of commercial technology. To fully exploit the touted potential of this plastic electronics platform, however, other prerequisites need now to be fulfilled: for example, good mechanical stability, ease of processing, device efficiency and reliability. Material science provides unique tools to overcome these issues, e.g. a possible approach is the employment of multicomponent systems where a combination of materials having different nature is used to obtain complex structures with enhanced properties. This thesis investigates how structure-property relationships of polymer semiconductors can be modified upon addition of other components and how electronic devices, i.e. field-effect transistors and solar cells, are affected by the multicomponent approach. By doing so, we first consider a particular class of polymer blends, based on the combination of semiconducting and insulating polymers. An analysis of the solidification processes occurring during film formation is presented and the resulting microstructures are discussed. Having established the processing recipe that allows the production of electronic devices, we then show how the electronic properties of field-effect transistors can be tailored upon blending. In particular, this thesis investigates how the blending strategy affects the stability of transistors subjected to bias-stress, the control of low subthreshold parasitic currents and charge transport ambipolarity. The multicomponent approach is then extended to other systems, in which semiconducting polymers are functionalized to form complex hybrid systems with titanium derivatives. Standard organic semiconductors, i.e. polythiophenes, are synthetized with randomly hydroxylated side-chains, which can act as reacting sites for the inorganic material. We show how the presence of the hydroxyl groups affects the doping kinetics of the semiconductor when exposed to air and, therefore, we use these materials as a model system to investigate the doping process of polythiophenes. Page | iii Having shown that blend systems can be used in electronic applications, we then investigate the relationships between three critical aspects of solution processing: the solution concentration, the resulting number of entanglements per chain in the polymer and, hence, the intermixing of different components. Different strategies have been explored in this thesis, including the employment of semiconducting:insulating polymer blends, copolymers and hybrid systems. The results of this work highlight the interplay within structure, property and processing providing guidelines on how to further develop multicomponent systems in the area of organic electronics.
A Photometric and Kinematic Study of AWM 7
Creators: name: Koranyi, Daniel
name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Mohr, Joseph J.
name: Wegner, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured redshifts and Kron-Cousins R-band magnitudes for a sample of galaxies in the poor cluster AWM 7. We have measured redshifts for 172 galaxies; 106 of these are cluster members. We determine the luminosity function from a photometric survey of the central 1.2 h^{-1} x 1.2 h^{-1} Mpc. The LF has a bump at the bright end and a faint-end slope of α= -1.37+-0.16, populated almost exclusively by absorption-line galaxies. The cluster velocity dispersion is lower in the core (\sim 530 km/s) than at the outskirts (\sim 680 km/s), consistent with the cooling flow seen in the X-ray. The cold core extends \sim 150 h^{-1} kpc from the cluster center. The Kron-Cousins R-band mass-to-light ratio of the system is 650+-170 h M_\odot/L_\odot, substantially lower than previous optical determinations, but consistent with most previous X-ray determinations. We adopt H_0 = 100 h km/s/Mpc throughout this paper; at the mean cluster redshift, (5247+-76 km/s), 1 h^{-1} Mpc subtends 65$\farcm$5.
description: 37 pages, LaTeX, including 12 Figures and 1 Table. Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
In the IP of the Beholder: Strategies for Active IPv6 Topology Discovery
Creators: name: Beverly, Robert
name: Durairajan, Ramakrishnan
name: Plonka, David
name: Rohrer, Justin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing methods for active topology discovery within the IPv6 Internet largely mirror those of IPv4. In light of the large and sparsely populated address space, in conjunction with aggressive ICMPv6 rate limiting by routers, this work develops a different approach to Internet-wide IPv6 topology mapping. We adopt randomized probing techniques in order to distribute probing load, minimize the effects of rate limiting, and probe at higher rates. Second, we extensively analyze the efficiency and efficacy of various IPv6 hitlists and target generation methods when used for topology discovery, and synthesize new target lists based on our empirical results to provide both breadth (coverage across networks) and depth (to find potential subnetting). Employing our probing strategy, we discover more than 1.3M IPv6 router interface addresses from a single vantage point. Finally, we share our prober implementation, synthesized target lists, and discovered IPv6 topology results.
COX-2 and the vascular system: interactions with endothelial pathways and the eNOS system
Creators: name: Al-Yamani, Malak
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Endothelial cells release protective hormones such as prostacyclin and nitric oxide involving the enzyme pathways of cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Both prostacyclin and nitric oxide act to oppose the effects of thromboxane A2 released following the actions also of cyclooxygenase by platelets. Cyclooxygenase (cyclooxygenase-2) is also present in inflammation and is the therapeutic target for the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory group of drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs are among the most popular in the world. But NSAIDs also have side effects in the gut, this is why selective cyclooxygenase-2 types of NSAID were introduced. However, now after their introduction, there is an important concern regarding the cardiovascular side effects caused by all NSAIDs that work by blocking cyclooxygenase-2. My PhD thesis has used a number of techniques to show that the constitutive isoform (cyclooxygenase-1) drives prostacyclin in blood vessels and that in the kidney knocking out cyclooxygenase-2 results in changes in genes and proteins that regulate the methylarginines ADMA and LNMMA which are NOS inhibitors. I show that in cyclooxygenase-2 knock out mice ADMA and LNMMA are increased and that eNOS responses are reduced and that the effect is reversed by the substrate L-arginine. This work suggests that ADMA could explain why NSAIDs that work by blocking cyclooxygenase-2 affects endothelial responses in an indirect way. The data also suggests that ADMA could be a biomarker and that for some people L-arginine supplements might be protective. By using a mathematical model that I devised myself I also showed that cyclooxygenase-2 knock out causes morphological changes in the endothelium that suggest that in that region the enzyme might be pro-inflammatory and that for this observation a relationship with eNOS does not seem to be involved.
Slicing Through Multicolor Space: Galaxy Redshifts From Broadband Photometry
Creators: name: Connolly, A. J.
name: Csabai, I.
name: Szalay, A. S.
name: Koo, D. C.
name: Kron, R. G.
name: Munn, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a means of better understanding the evolution of optically selected galaxies we consider the distribution of galaxies within the multicolor space $U$, $B_J$, $R_F$ and $I_N$. We find that they form an almost planar distribution out to $B_J =22.5$ and $z<0.3$. The position of a galaxy within this plane is dependent on its redshift, luminosity and spectral type. While in the original $U$, $B_J$, $R_F$ and $I_N$ space these properties are highly correlated we can define an optimal rotation of the photometric axes that makes much of this information orthogonal. Fitting the observed spectroscopic redshifts with a quadratic function of the four magnitudes we show that redshifts for galaxies can be estimated to an accuracy better than $Δz =0.05$. This dispersion is due to the photometric uncertainties within the photographic data. Assuming no galaxy evolution we derive a set of simulated galaxy fluxes in the U, J, F and N passbands. Using these data we investigate how the redshift is encoded within the broadband magnitudes and the intrinsic dispersion of the photometric-redshift relation. We find that the signal that defines a galaxy's photometric redshift is not related to specific absorption or emission lines but comes from the break in the overall shape of the galaxy continuum at around 4000 Å. Using high signal-to-noise photometric data we estimate that it is possible to achieve an intrinsic dispersion of less than $Δz =0.02$.
description: 20 Pages, 6 figures; uuencoded, compressed, postscript files. Accepted for publication in AJ. Figure 1 (color JPEG file) and paper are available on http://tarkus.pha.jhu.edu/~ajc/
Colonization and divergence: phylogeography and population genetics of the Atlantic coast beach mice
Creators: name: Kalkvik, Håkon M.
name: I. Jack Stout
name: Hoffman, Eric A.
name: Parkinson, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Barrier island taxa provide an opportunity to investigate recent evolutionary processes, such as colonization and isolation of recently diverged taxa, and provide important insights into understanding contemporary diversity and the assessment of conservation units. Using rapidly evolving genetic markers (mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites), we studied the Atlantic coast beach mouse subspecies (Peromyscus polionotus decoloratus, P. p. niveiventris, and P. p. phasma). Our data indicate that each of the extant coastal subspecies (P. p. niveiventris and P. p. phasma) is comprised of unique haplotypes indicative of their isolation, while the extinct subspecies, P. p. decoloratus, contain a single haplotype, which was shared with P. p. phasma. Moreover, all the coastal haplotypes originate from a single mainland haplotype found in central Florida, USA. The microsatellite data indicated high levels of genetic structure among our sampled populations. Additionally, these data group the populations into three distinct genetic clusters, with each of the extant coastal subspecies belonging to their own cluster and the mainland individuals forming a separate cluster. The extant Atlantic coast beach mice are on separate evolutionary trajectories, thus representative of separate taxonomic units. Therefore, the data support that two extant subspecies on the Florida Atlantic coast fit the Distinct Population Segment designation and should be managed and conserved as two separate independent units.
Balaena physalus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Balaenidae
Balaena
Balaena physalus

description: Balaena physalus [spec. nov.]
B. naribus in medio capite, dorso extremo pinna adiposa. Art. gen. 77. syn. 107. Faun. svec. 265. Syst. nat. 39. 2.
Cetis quibusdam pinna dorsalis, omnibus pinna caudae & pectorales; nullis P. ani, aut ventrales, cum pedes in caudam coadunati.
Balaena edentula, corpore strictiore, dorso pinnato. Raj. pisc. 9.
Physalis bellua s. Physeter. Gesn. pisc. 723.
Physeter. Rond. pisc. 485. Will. icht. 41.
Finfisch. Martens. spitsb. 125. t. Q. f. C.
Habitat in Oceano Europaeo.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 75-76, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Ultraviolet Imaging of the Irregular Galaxy NGC 4449 with UIT: Photometry and Recent Star-Formation History
Creators: name: Hill, Robert S.
name: Fanelli, Michael N.
name: Smith, Denise A.
name: Bohlin, Ralph C.
name: Neff, Susan G.
name: O'Connell, Robert W.
name: Roberts, Morton S.
name: Smith, Andrew M.
name: Stecher, Theodore P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bright Magellanic irregular galaxy NGC 4449 was observed during the Astro-2 Space Shuttle mission by the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UIT), which obtained images of a ~40 arcmin field centered on the galaxy in two broad far-ultraviolet (FUV) bands centered at 1520 A and 1620 A, with 3 arcsec - 5 arcsec spatial resolution. Together with H-alpha and H-beta fluxes from ground-based Fabry-Perot images, these data are analyzed in order to explore the recent star formation history of NGC 4449. Maps of the flux ratios H-alpha/FUV and FUV/blue continuum are presented and interpreted using evolutionary synthesis models. Photometry is presented both for 22 apertures containing large OB complexes and for 57 small apertures containing compact FUV-emitting knots. The OB complexes along the northern edge of the visible system have high H-alpha/FUV ratios, and thus appear to be more dominated by the current generation of stars than are other parts of the galaxy. However, young sources do exist elsewhere and are particularly conspicuous along the bar. The small aperture analysis shows three candidate regions for sequential star formation. Surface brightness profiles are consistent with an exponential disk in both the FUV and the optical continuum.
description: 30 pages + 9 tables + 14 figs (GIF). Accepted for ApJ, 1 Nov 98, Vol 507, No. 1; until then, paper available as merged postscript file, ftp://abba.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/bhill/pp/n4449_pp1.ps (figs better), tabs separate in same dir [2nd repl getting comment & landscape right]
Cosmic rays V. The nonthermal radio emission of the old nova GK Per - a signature of hadronic interactions?
Creators: name: Biermann, Peter L.
name: Strom, Richard G.
name: Falcke, Heino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the model of particle acceleration in shocks in stellar winds developed by Biermann (1993) and Biermann and Cassinelli (1993) we demonstrate that the nonthermal radio emission spectrum from the cataclysmic variable binary star GK Per can be interpreted consistently. We propose that the radio spectrum results from hadronic secondary electrons/positrons, which, in the optically thin case, give a characteristic radio spectrum with a spectral index of +1/3 below a maximum and, for a strong shock in a wind slow compared to the shock speed, of -0.7 above the maximum. We test the proposed concept for consistency with the radio data for OB and Wolf Rayet stars as well as radiosupernovae. There is some evidence that this process is important for the radio emission from active galactic nuclei, both in compact and extended emission. We argue that such a radio spectrum is a unique characteristic for hadronic interactions.
description: Astron. & Astrophys. in press, plain TeX, 1 figure added with figures command (0.4Mb)
Search for supersymmetry in final states with charm jets and missing transverse momentum in 13 TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for supersymmetric partners of top quarks decaying as $\tilde{t}_1\to c\tildeχ^0_1$ and supersymmetric partners of charm quarks decaying as $\tilde{c}_1\to c\tildeχ^0_1$, where $\tildeχ^0_1$ is the lightest neutralino, is presented. The search uses 36.1 ${\rm fb}^{-1}$ $pp$ collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider and is performed in final states with jets identified as containing charm hadrons. Assuming a 100% branching ratio to $c\tildeχ^0_1$, top and charm squarks with masses up to 850 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for a massless lightest neutralino. For $m_{\tilde{t}_1,\tilde{c}_1}-m_{\tildeχ^0_1}
description: 43 pages in total, author list starting page 27, 7 figures, 7 tables, submitted to JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2016-26/
Additional file 1 of HIV-1 with gag processing defects activates cGAS sensing
Creators: name: Sumner, Rebecca P.
name: Blest, Henry
name: Lin, Meiyin
name: Maluquer de Motes, Carlos
name: Towers, Greg J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary material
Utilisation of waste medicine wrappers as an efficient low-cost electrode material for microbial fuel cell
Creators: name: Md. T. Noori
name: G. D. Bhowmick
name: B. R. Tiwari
name: I. Das
name: M. M. Ghangrekar
name: C. K. Mukherjee
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Waste generation from healthcare facilities now has become a concerning issue as it contain plastic and metals. Medicine wrappers are one of the major portions of healthcare solid waste, which impel intensive solid waste management practice due to fewer possibilities of deriving by-products. However, it can be recycled and used as an electrode material in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). An electrode material for application in MFCs is a crucial component, which governs total fabrication cost as well as power recovery, thus a cost-effective, stable and durable electrode is essential. In this endeavour, a new metallic (aluminium) waste material, a waste medicine wrapper (WMW), was evaluated for feasibility to be used as anode/cathode in MFCs. Based on the stability test under corrosive environment (1 N KCl), the WMW electrode sustained a maximum current of 46 mA during cyclic voltammetry (CV) and noted only 14% reduction in current at an applied voltage of +0.4 V after 2500 s in chronoamperometry, indicating its good stability. Power recovery from MFC using WMW was higher than the MFC using bare carbon felt as an anode (27 vs. 21 mW/m2). The entire analytical test results viz. CV, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and power performance established WMW as an excellent anode rather than cathode material.
The Canada-UK Deep Submillimetre Survey: First Submillimetre Images, the Source Counts, and Resolution of the Background
Creators: name: Eales, Stephen
name: Lilly, Simon
name: Gear, Walter
name: Dunne, Loretta
name: Bond, J. Richard
name: Hammer, Francois
name: Fevre, Olivier Le
name: Crampton, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of a deep unbiased submillimetre survey carried out at 450 and 850 microns. We detected 12 sources at 850 microns, giving a surface density of sources with 850-micron flux densities > 2.8mJy of of 0.49+-0.16 per square arcmin. The sources constitute 20-30% of the background radiation at 850 microns and thus a significant fraction of the entire background radiation produced by stars. This implies, through the connection between metallicity and background radiation, that a significant fraction of all the stars that have ever been formed were formed in objects like those detected here. The combination of their large contribution to the background radiation and their extreme bolometric luminosities make these objects excellent candidates for being proto-ellipticals. Optical astronomers have recently shown that the UV-luminosity density of the universe increases by a factor of about 10 between z=0 and z=1 and then decreases again at higher redshifts. Using the results of a parallel submillimetre survey of the local universe, we show that both the submillimetre source density and background can be explained if the submillimetre luminosity density evolves in a similar way to the UV-luminosity density. Thus, if these sources are ellipticals in the process of formation, they may be forming at relatively modest redshifts.
description: 8 pages (LATEX), 6 postscript figures, submitted to ApJ Letters
Further development of efficient and accurate time integration schemes for meteorological models
Creators: name: Luan, Vu Thai
name: Pudykiewicz, Janusz A.
name: Reynolds, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K58, 65L04, 65L05, 34K28, 76B65, 76B60,

description: In this paper, we investigate the use of higher-order exponential Rosenbrock time integration methods on the shallow water equations on the sphere. This stiff, nonlinear model provides a testing ground for accurate and stable time integration methods in weather modeling, serving as the focus for exploration of novel methods for many years. We therefore identify a candidate set of three recent exponential Rosenbrock methods of orders four and five (exprb42, pexprb43 and exprb53) for use on this model. Based on their multi-stage structure, we propose a set of modifications to the phipm_IOM2 algorithm for efficiently calculating the matrix phi-functions. We then investigate the performance of these methods on a suite of four challenging test problems, comparing them against the epi3 method investigated previously in [1, 2] on these problems. In all cases, the proposed methods enable accurate solutions at much longer time-steps than epi3, proving considerably more efficient as either the desired solution error decreases, or as the test problem nonlinearity increases.
description: 44 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables (accepted version), Journal of Computational Physics
The microlensing events in Q2237+0305A: No case against small masses/large sources
Creators: name: Haugan, S. V. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated that the 1988-90 microlensing events in image A of Q2237+0305 reported by Racine (1992) do not exclude microlensing models with very low average mass, making the source radius larger than the projected Einstein radius $η_0$ (Refsdal and Stabell 1991, 1993). This is contrary to what has been claimed by Witt and Mao (1994). Since these events are the best resolved microlensing events recorded in Q2237+0305, further work should not exclude the possibility of a large source when interpreting lightcurve data.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure. Uses crckapb.sty. To appear in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium 173: ``Astrophysical Applications of Gravitational Lensing'', Kluwer Academic Publishers, Eds.: C. S. Kochanek and J. N. Hewitt. Also available through http://www.uio.no/~steinhh/index.html
RoboSTEAM Project – A brief review
Creators: name: Fernández-Llamas, C.
name: Conde-González, M. Á.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: RoboSTEAM, Erasmus+, STEAM, Robots, Computational Thinking, EU

description: General overview presentation of the RoboSTEAM Erasmus+ Project (Ref. 2018-1-ES01-KA201-050939)
description: RoboSTEAM (Integrating STEAM and computational thinking development by using robotics and physical devices) is a project funded under European Union ERASMUS+ KA2 – Cooperation and Innovation for Good Practices. Strategic Partnerships for school education Programme (2018-1-ES01-KA201-050939) The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsi­ble for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Finite length effect on supercurrents between trivial and topological superconductors
Creators: name: Cayao, Jorge
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically analyze the effect of finite length of the superconducting regions on the low-energy spectrum, current-phase curves, and critical currents in junctions between trivial and topological superconductors. Such junctions are assumed to arise in nanowires with strong spin-orbit coupling under external magnetic fields and proximity-induced superconductivity. We show that all these quantities exhibit a strong dependence on the length of the topological sector in the topological phase and serve as indicators of the topological phase and thus the emergence of Majorana bound states at the end of the topological superconductor.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Published version
Balaena boops Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Balaenidae
Balaena
Balaena boops

description: Balaena boops [spec. nov.]
B. fistula duplici in rostro, dorso extremo protuberantia cornea. Art. gen. 77. syn. 107. Mus. Ad. Frid. 1. p. 50.
Balaena tripinnis nares habens cum rostro acuto & plicis in ventre. Raj. pisc. 16.
Habitat in Oceano septentrionali.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 76, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Balaena musculus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Balaenidae
Balaena
Balaena musculus

description: Balaena musculus [spec. nov.]
B. fistula duplici in fronte, maxilla inferiore multo latiore. Art. gen. 78. syn. 107. Syst. nat. 39. n. 3. �
Balaena tripinnis, maxillam inferiorem rotundam & superiore multo latiorem habens. Raj. pisc. 17.
Habitat in mari Scotico.
Modo hic a Mysticeto sufficienter distinctus; conferatur. Mus. Ad. Fr. 51.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 76, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Fully resolved array of simulations investigating the influence of the magnetic Prandtl number on magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Creators: name: McKay, Mairi E.
name: Berera, Arjun
name: Ho, Richard D. J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effect of the magnetic Prandtl number Pm on energy and dissipation in fully resolved direct numerical simulations of steady-state, mechanically forced homogeneous magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in the range Pm = 1/32 to 32. We compare the spectra and show that if the simulations are not fully resolved, the steepness of the scaling of the kinetic-to-magnetic dissipation ratio with Pm is overestimated. We also present results of decaying turbulence with helical and nonhelical magnetic fields, where we find nonhelical reverse spectral transfer for Pm < 1. The results of this systematic analysis have applications including stars, planetary dynamos, and accretion disks.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Discovery of a Nuclear X-Ray Source in NGC 7331: Evidence for a Massive Black Hole
Creators: name: Stockdale, Christopher J.
name: Romanishin, W.
name: Cowan, John J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using ROSAT, we have made the first deep X-ray observations of NGC 7331, discovering a nuclear X-ray source coincident with the previously determined radio and optical nuclear centers. Positions, luminosities, and fluxes of X-ray sources in the field are compared to previously identified radio and optical sources. The nucleus of NGC 7331 has been analyzed to discern any new evidence supporting the presence of a massive black hole (MBH), and comparisons are made with other Low-Ionization Nuclear Emission-line Region (LINER) galaxies. The flux ratio of core radio to soft X-ray emission in NGC 7331 is lower than in other LINERs included in our sample.
description: ApJ Letters in press
Utilization of waste medicine wrappers as an efficient low-cost electrode material for microbial fuel cell
Creators: name: Md. T. Noori
name: G. D. Bhowmick
name: B. R. Tiwari
name: I. Das
name: M. M. Ghangrekar
name: C. K. Mukherjee
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Waste generation from healthcare facilities now has become a concerning issue as it contains plastic and metals. Medicine wrappers are one of the major portion of healthcare solid waste, which impel intensive solid waste management practice due to less possibilities of deriving by-products. However, it can be recycled and used as electrode material in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). An electrode material for application in MFCs is a crucial component, which governs total fabrication cost as well as power recovery, thus a cost-effective, stable and durable electrode is essential. In this endeavour, a new metallic (aluminium) waste material, a waste medicine wrapper (WMW), was evaluated for feasibility to be used as anode/cathode in MFCs. Based on the stability test under corrosive environment (1 N KCl), the WMW electrode sustained a maximum current of 46 mA during cyclic voltammetry (CV) and noted only 14% reduction in current at applied voltage of + 0.4 V after 2500 s in chronoamperometry, indicating its good stability. Power recovery from MFC using WMW was higher than the MFC using bare carbon felt as anode (27 vs. 21 mW/m2). The entire analytical test results viz. CV, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and power performance established WMW as an excellent anode rather than cathode material.
Challenges in Climate Change Communication on Social Media
Creators: name: Tyagi, Aman
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Computer Engineering

description: In today’s fast-paced lifestyle, internet users depend on social media platforms to obtain and debate essential socio-political and economic topics. However, this same vital source suffers from various challenges. On social media platforms, such as Twitter, users do not necessarily face a lack of information; instead, they are overwhelmed with diverse information sources. These myriad sources of information on social media can make users unknowingly confined to or associated with other users or groups. Moreover, facts or news can be reported in ways that createconfusion and affect public sentiment on scientific actualities. Such social media challenges can cause a long-lasting impact in reshaping our society, slowing downscientific progress, and dampen regulatory endeavors. Thus, social media’s impact on socio-political and economic topics must be analyzed. In this thesis, I analyze each of these problems using conversations and news articles about one of the most significant challenges our society faces today, i.e., climate change. In my first study, I analyze climate change discussions on Twitter to study users confined to competing belief groups. I classify Twitter account users into: (a) users who believe in the anthropogenic cause of climate change (Believers); and (b) users who don’t (Disbelievers). I study the differences in communication topics and network structure in Disbelievers and Believers. I find that both Disbelievers and Believers talk within their group more than with the other group; this is more so thecase for Disbelievers than for Believers. In my second study, I develop a framework to quantify hostile communication between Believers and Disbelievers. I show that Disbelievers of climate change are more hostile towards Believers than vice versa. I examined the framing bias of climate change news articles shared on Twitter as partof my third study. I find that climate change news articles are predominantly framed as related to policy issues in the context of a social group’s traditions, customs, or values. Finally, I explore the spread of conspiracy theories in climate change conversations on Twitter. Results suggest that Disbelievers are primarily responsible for sharing messages that contain keywords related to conspiracy theories. Overall, my work in this thesis develops frameworks to analyze social media challenges and contributes to climate change communication research.
The velocity dispersion profiles of clusters of galaxies: a cosmological test and the sampling effect
Creators: name: Jing, Y. P.
name: Boerner, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the velocity dispersion profiles of clusters of galaxies for seven cosmological models. One model is the SCDM model, and the others are six low-density models with the density parameter $Ω=0.1$, 0.2 or 0.3 and with or without a cosmological constant $Λ=1-Ω$. We find that the velocity dispersion profiles depend both on $Ω$ and on $Λ$. For $Λ=0$, the profiles are steeper in a lower-$Ω$ model than in a higher-$Ω$ one. The cosmological constant significantly weakens the dependence on $Ω$: the difference in the profile distributions between two flat models is much smaller than that between the two corresponding open models with the same $Ω$. These results in principle can be used to constrain the cosmological parameters when a large sample of the velocity dispersion profiles is available. Motivated by the practical situation that a sample of $\sim 100$ clusters with $\sim 100$ measured redshifts per cluster is still the best sample available in the foreseen future, we examine carefully to what degree the cosmological parameters can be constrained with the velocity dispersion profiles of such a sample of clusters. The limited sampling around clusters and the limited number of clusters seriously degrade the discriminative power of the velocity dispersion profiles among cosmological models. We find that the five models of $Ω\ge 0.2$ cannot be distinguished by this type of observation. Due to the limited sampling, one should be very cautious in extracting information about the density profile and/or the dynamics around single clusters from the diluted velocity dispersion profiles
description: 6 pages, uuencoded compressed tar ps-file. 2 tables and 3 figures included. The ps file (without uuencoding compressing) can also be obtained by anonymous ftp at: ftp://ibm-3.mpa-garching.mpg.de/pub/jing/vdispf.ps
Observation of Cen A by the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer
Creators: name: Rothschild, R. E.
name: Band, D. L.
name: Blanco, P. R.
name: Gruber, D. E.
name: Heindl, W. A.
name: MacDonald, D. R.
name: Marsden, D. C.
name: Jahoda, K.
name: Pierce, D.
name: Madejski, G.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Schwartz, D. A.
name: Remillard, R.
name: Zdziarski, A. A.
name: Done, C.
name: Svensson, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer made a short (10 ks) observation of the radio galaxy Centaurus A on 14 August 1996. Analysis of the combined 2.5-240 keV spectrum has revealed a heavily absorbed(NH=9.42+/-0.24 e22 cm-2) primary power law (index=1.86+/-0.015) and an iron line due to fluorescence of cold matter (EW=162+/-25 eV). Flux from either a jet, primary flux scattered into the line of sight, or primary flux seen through a partial absorber was not required. The iron line width is unresolved at the 95% confidence level (sigma < 0.54 keV). No significant variability in the iron line flux is seen from measurements over the last two decades, while the overall continuum flux varied by more than a factor of four, which implies that the line emission region is distant from that of the primary emission. While radio-quiet Seyfert galaxies exhibit spectral components attributable to Compton reflection from cold matter, Cen A reveals no such component (exposed solid angle ratio < 0.09). This supports unified models of active galaxies that have little difference between Seyfert 2 and low luminosity radio galaxies
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, accepted to The Astrophysical Journal
Synthesis and structure–activity relationships of 2- and/or 4-halogenated 13β- and 13α-estrone derivatives as enzyme inhibitors of estrogen biosynthesis
Creators: name: Bacsa, Ildikó
name: Herman, Bianka Edina
name: Jójárt, Rebeka
name: Herman, Kevin Stefán
name: Wölfling, János
name: Schneider, Gyula
name: Varga, Mónika
name: Tömböly, Csaba
name: Rižner, Tea Lanišnik
name: Szécsi, Mihály
name: Mernyák, Erzsébet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Ring A halogenated 13α-, 13β-, and 17-deoxy-13α-estrone derivatives were synthesised with N-halosuccinimides as electrophile triggers. Substitutions occurred at positions C-2 and/or C-4. The potential inhibitory action of the halogenated estrones on human aromatase, steroid sulfatase, or 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 activity was investigated via in vitro radiosubstrate incubation. Potent submicromolar or low micromolar inhibitors were identified with occasional dual or multiple inhibitory properties. Valuable structure–activity relationships were established from the comparison of the inhibitory data obtained. Kinetic experiments performed with selected compounds revealed competitive reversible inhibition mechanisms against 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 and competitive irreversible manner in the inhibition of the steroid sulfatase enzyme.