cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing the law of one price in food markets: evidence for Colombia using disaggregated data
Creators: name: Iregui, Ana María
name: Otero, Jesus
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: This paper applies stationarity tests to examine evidence of market integration for a relatively large sample of food products in Colombia. We Önd little support for market integration when using the univariate KPSS tests for stationarity. However, within a panel context and after allowing for cross sectional dependence, the Hadri tests provide much more evidence supporting the view that food markets are integrated or, in other words, that the law of one price holds for most products.
Testing for Stock Market Integration in a Developing Economy: Colombia
Creators: name: Otero, Jesus
name: Gutiérrez, Luis H.
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2006

description: This paper examines the linkage between two parallel stock exchanges trading the same shares in Colombia, namely the Bogotá Stock Exchange and the Medellín Stock Exchange. We provide empirical evidence to support the hypothesis that these two markets can be best described as fully integrated over a period of almost four decades, which is consistent with the view that arbitrage opportunities are only possible in the short but not in the long run. In addition, we find evide
Capital natural, capital humano y participación de los factores: una revisión de los métodos de medición del crecimiento económico
Creators: name: Campo Robledo, Jacobo Alberto
name: Garcia-Suaza, Andres
name: Parada-Bustos, Julián-David
name: Zuleta, Hernando
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2008

description: Este trabajo aporta tres elementos básicos para el análisis del crecimiento económico en Colombia: En primer lugar, para el cálculo de la participación de los factores en el producto, se separa el ingreso de capital físico del ingreso de capital natural y el ingreso del trabajo básico del ingreso de capital humano. Con esta metodología se comprueba que la participación de los factores reproducibles tiene una tendencia creciente como lo sugieren los modelos de innovaciones sesgadas. En segundo lugar, dada la no estacionariedad de la participación de los factores para poder hacer cálculos acerca de la productividad multifactorial se hace necesario encontrar la medida correcta de los factores. Se utiliza un método empírico para la identificación de estas medidas y se aplica a los datos colombianos. Por ´ultimo, utilizando los nuevos cálculos de participación de los factores, se desarrolla un ejercicio de contabilidad de crecimiento que permite identificar con mayor precisión el comportamiento de la productividad total de los factores.
Cartoons and economics: general analysis based on colombian economic cartoons
Creators: name: Rodríguez Lesmes, Paul Andres
name: Villaveces-Niño, Marta-Juanita
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: May cartoons be considered as a viable and credible source for the study of economics? There is hardly any research on the subject, even though there is a quite significant amount of cartoons with economic content. This suggests that economics (and economists) have not paid enough attention and do not incorporate in their analysis a relevant primary source. The present paper aims to explore the value of using cartoons as a complementary primary source in economic analysis. We present a way of analyzing economic history through cartoons; first, reviewing cartoons which describe particular historical circumstances and second, examining cartoons that represent generic economic situations and are not necessarily linked to a historical period. We choose 17 cartoons, from different cartoonist, especially Colombian cartoonists that may give us an idea of economic matters and economic history.
Physical Education n de Mode: Thesis Defense
Creators: name: Coquerel, Patrick Ramon Stafin
name: Jônatas De França Barros
name: Santos, Antonio Pádua Dos
name: Bollbuck, Alice
name: Makson Luiz Fernandes Da Costa
name: Moaldecir Freire Domingos Junior
name: Luiz Arthur Nunes Da Silva
name: Silva, Raquel Guimarães Da
name: Nunes, Raimundo Nonato
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: Trabalho apresentado em Congresso.
Ciclos de la producción industrial en Colombia: extracción del ciclo del sector y de sus ramas de actividad
Creators: name: Mesa Téllez, Diana
name: Martinez Ventura, Ana Constanza
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2009

description: En este documento empleamos el filtro de Butterworth para analizar la producción industrial total y por ramas de actividad mediante la extracción de señales en las frecuencias bajas y altas. En las frecuencias bajas la tendencia de la producción al interior del sector exhibe una dinámica que difiere fuertemente entre actividades. En las frecuencias altas, la mayoría de las ramas industriales presentan una mayor sensibilidad al ciclo común del sector que a los ciclos particulares o idiosincráticos, evidenciando una sincronización en la respuesta de la producción frente a choques exógenos.
Relação entre os níveis de atividade física e qualidade de vida de idosas fisicamente ativas
Creators: name: Denize Mota Nascimento
name: Silva, Ricardo André Gomes Da
name: Tatiane Silva Do Nascimento
name: Nunes, Raimundo Nonato
name: Jônatas De França Barros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: Trabalho apresentado em Congresso.
An N-terminal region of a Myb-like protein is involved in its intracellular localization and activation of a gibberellin-inducible proteinase gene in germinated rice seeds
Creators: name: Sutoh, Keita
name: Washio, Kenji
name: Imai, Ryozo
name: Wada, Masamitsu
name: Nakai, Tomonori
name: Yamauchi, Daisuke
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The expression of the gene for a proteinase (Rep1) is upregulated by gibberellins. The CAACTC regulatory element (CARE) of the Rep1 promoter is involved in the gibberellin response. We isolated a cDNA for a CARE-binding protein containing a Myb domain in its carboxyl-terminal region and designated the gene Carboxyl-terminal Myb1 (CTMyb1). This gene encodes two polypeptides of two distinctive lengths, CTMyb1L and CTMyb1S, which include or exclude 213 N-terminal amino acid residues, respectively. CTMyb1S transactivated the Rep1 promoter in the presence of OsGAMyb, but not CTMyb1L. We observed an interaction between CTMyb1S and the rice prolamin box-binding factor (RPBF). A bimolecular fluorescence complex analysis detected the CTMyb1S and RPBF complex in the nucleus, but not the CTMyb1L and RPBF complex. The results suggest that the arrangement of the transfactors is involved in gibberellin-inducible expression of Rep1.
Tratado de libre comercio entre Colombia y Estados Unidos: ¿qué impacto puede tener en Colombia?
Creators: name: Zuleta, Hernando
name: Gracia, Orlando
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Para evaluar el impacto de un Tratado de libre comercio (TLC) entre Colombia y Estados Unidos, describimos las características de la economía colombiana, enfatizando en sus patrones y perspectivas de comercio, e identificando los sectores y regiones más sensibles a la firma de un TLC. Afirmamos que los efectos de un acuerdo bilateral entre Colombia y Estados Unidos, serán similares a los que han tenido anteriores reformas de liberalización comercial. Sin embargo, mientras Colombia espera la firma del TLC con Estados Unidos, ese país está cerca de firmar tratados bilaterales con algunos países de Latinoamérica. Por lo tanto, también puede haber efectos sobre la economía colombiana producto del cambio en las reglas comerciales entre sus socios. Primero analizamos el efecto de anteriores reformas comerciales en Colombia, México y Chile. Luego, a través de un modelo de equilibrio general multiregional aplicado, simulamos los efectos sobre la economía colombiana de un acuerdo bilateral con Estados Unidos. Concluimos que, aunque moderados, habrá aumentos en el bienestar y en la producción de los consumidores y firmas colombianos.
Asymmetric synthesis of 3-azide-4-fluoro-l-phenylalanine
Creators: name: Adachi, Masaatsu
name: Mado Nakajima
name: Isobe, Minoru
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: The asymmetric synthesis of N-Fmoc-protected 3-azide-4-fluoro-l-phenylalanine as a photoactive phenylalanine analog has been achieved by Schöllkopf’s alkylation.
Beyond divide and rule : weak dictators, natural resources and civil conflict
Creators: name: Sekeris, Petros G.
name: De Luca, Giacomo
name: Vargas, Juan F.
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: We propose a model where an autocrat rules over an ethnically divided society. The dictator selects the tax rate over domestic production and the nation’s natural resources to maximize his rents under the threat of a regime-switching revolution. We show that a weak ruler may let the country plunge in civil war to increase his personal rents. Inter-group fighting weakens potential opposition to the ruler, thereby allowing him to increase fiscal pressure. We show that the presence of natural resources exacerbates the incentives of the ruler to promote civil conflict for his own profit, especially if the resources are unequally distributed across ethnic groups. We validate the main predictions of the model using cross-country data over the period 1960-2007, and show that our empirical results are not likely to be driven by omitted observable determinants of civil war incidence or by unobservable country-specific heterogeneity.
Clusters en cultivos ilícitos: determinantes y dinámicas
Creators: name: García, Juan Pablo
name: Parada-Bustos, Julián-David
name: Guerra Forero, José Alberto
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2007

description: Los datos recientes de areas de cultivos ilícitos indican que a pesar de las fumigaciones, la producción total se ha reducido levemente y los cultivos se han dispersado. Se plantea un modelo teórico que analiza las decisiones tomadas por los cultivadores sobre la localizaci´on de sus parcelas, basando esta escogencia en la dinamización local de los costos esperados. Se utiliza un modelo de agentes para la simulación de la naturaleza compleja de las dinámicas estudiadas. Se encuentra que el incentivo para agruparse aumenta con las economías a escala y se reduce con la expectativa del castigo, sobretodo en zonas con alta densidad de cultivadores.
Aseguramiento para la población pobre: una herramienta de protección financiera
Creators: name: Zambrano, Andrés
name: Castaño Yepez, Ramón Abel
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2007

description: La financiación de los sistemas de salud en los países en desarrollo mediante esquemas de aseguramiento, presenta el desafío estructural de la informalidad de los mercados laborales. Ni el esquema de financiamiento comunitario ni el del subsidio a la oferta, parecen ofrecer una garantía de acceso a los grupos más vulnerables. Pero la extensión de esquemas de seguro subsidiado también implica mayores presiones sobre el gasto social. Este artículo es una revisión de la literatura sobre el tema, en el cual se revisan experiencias internacionales de los tipos mencionados, y se analiza su relevancia para Colombia.
Why labor income shares seem to be constant?
Creators: name: Zuleta, Hernando
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: The common assumptions that labor income share does not change over time or across countries and that factor income shares are equal to the elasticity of output with respect to factors have had important implications for economic theory. However, there are various theoretical reasons why the elasticity of output with respect to reproducible factors should be correlated with the stage of development. In particular, the behavior of international trade and capital flows and the existence of factor saving innovations imply such a correlation. If this correlation exists and if factor income shares are equal to the elasticity of output with respect to factors then the labor income share must be negatively correlated with the stage of development. We propose an explanation for why labor income share has no correlation with income per capita: the existence of a labor intensive sector which produces non tradable goods.
Sunlight disinfects? Free media in weak democracies
Creators: name: Vela, Mauricio
name: Fergusson Talero, Leopoldo
name: Vargas, Juan F.
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Free media may not favor political accountability when other democratic institutions are weak, and may even bring undesirable unintended consequences. We propose a simple model in which politicians running for office may engage in coercion to obtain votes. A media scandal that exposes these candidates increases their coercion effort to offset the negative popularity shock. This may result in the tainted politicians actually increasing their vote share. We provide empirical evidence from one recent episode in the political history of Colombia, the ‘parapolitics’ scandal featuring politicians colluding with illegal armed paramilitary groups to obtain votes. We show that colluding candidates not only get more votes than their clean competitors, but also concentrate them in areas where coercion is more likely (namely, areas with more paramilitary presence, less state presence, and more judicial inefficiency). Harder to reconcile with other explanations and as a direct test of the effects of media exposure, we compare tainted candidates exposed before elections to those exposed after. We find that those exposed before elections get as many votes as those exposed once elected, but their electoral support is more strongly concentrated in places where coercion is more likely. Our re
Seguros de desempleo: revisión de literatura y propuesta para Colombia
Creators: name: Suárez, Julio César
name: Kiuhan, Samir
name: Bardey, David
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2009

description: En este artículo se estudia la posibilidad de introducir seguros de desempleo en Colombia. En una primera parte, se propone una revisión de literatura de los seguros de desempleo en la cual se exponen las ventajas generadas por una cobertura contra este riesgo, así como sus inconvenientes. En una segunda parte, se estudian varios escenarios para introducir seguros de desempleo en Colombia. Después de haber presentado el contexto del mercado laboral y de las normas que lo vigilan, se proponen varios diseños que abordan la gestión y la administración del riesgo de desempleo en Colombia. Igualmente se presentan algunas consideraciones teóricas para la valoración del costo del aseguramiento, las cuales incorporan los efectos del riesgo moral sobre la duración y la incidencia del desempleo.
Subsidios cruzados en servicios públicos domiciliarios basados en el avalúo catastral
Creators: name: López, Denis
name: Gallego, Juan M.
name: Gutiérrez, Luis H.
name: Sepulveda, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2014

description: Este artículo presenta una primera propuesta de determinación de subsidios y contribuciones de tarifas de servicios públicos domiciliarios – SPD para la Capital colombiana, que no parta de una clasificación de grupos (estratos socioeconómicos). A partir de un ejercicio exploratorio, se diseña un esquema de pagos del servicio de acueducto a partir del avalúo catastral del inmueble en que habita cada hogar. El ejercicio establece el pago por unidad de consumo de agua, de manera que cada hogar en Bogotá destine una misma proporción de su gasto total al gasto en el servicio de acueducto y garantiza que el total de pagos cubran los costos de provisión del servicio.
Salud y crecimiento económico: un modelo de generaciones traslapadas, expectativa de vida endógena y capital humano
Creators: name: Ávila Montealegre, Oscar Iván
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2009

description: Este trabajo desarrolla un modelo de generaciones traslapadas con expectativa de vida endógena y capital humano. Recoge parte de la evidencia empírica acerca de la transición demográfica explicada por Notestein en 1945, donde variaciones en la longevidad de los individuos afectan positivamente el crecimiento económico de unpaís. El modelo establece que la falta de incentivos para invertir en salud estanca a una economía en una trampa de pobreza y muestra que incrementos en la productividad en el sector de producción de capital humano, al igual que cambios tecnológicos sesgados al uso intensivo del mismo, incrementan el producto de estado estacionario y pueden sacar a una economía de una trampa de pobreza.
School management and sexual behavior of teenagers
Creators: name: Maldonado, Dario
name: Cortes, Darwin
name: Gallego, Juan M.
name: Atencio-De Leon, Andrea
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2015

description: This paper asks whether school based management may help reducing risky sexualbehavior of teenagers. For this purpose we use student level data from Bogot´a to identify students from Concession School (CS), who are enrolled in public education system with a more school management autonomy at school level, and to compare them with those students at the traditional public education system. We use propensity score matching methods to have a comparable sample between pupils at CS and traditional schools. Our results show that on average the behavior of students from CS do not have a sexual behavior that differs from those in traditional public schools except for boys in CS who have a lower probability of being sexual active. However, there are important differences when heterogeneity is considered. For example we find that CS where girls per boys ratio is higher have lower teenage pregnancy rates than public schools with also high girls per boys ratios. We also find that teachers’ human capital, teacher-pupil ratio or whether school offers sexual education are also related to statistically significant differences between CS and traditional public schools.
Telecommunications and economic growth: an empirical analysis of sub-saharan Africa
Creators: name: Levendis, John
name: Lee, Sang H.
name: Gutiérrez, Luis H.
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: We examine the effect on economic growth of mobile cellular phones in sub-Saharan Africa where a marked asymmetry is present between land-line penetration and mobile telecommunications expansion. This study extends previous ones along two important dimensions. First, we allow for the potential endogeneity between economic growth and telecommunications expansion by employing a special linear generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator. Second, we explicitly model for varying degrees of substitutability between mobile cellular and land-line telephony, so that greater expansion of mobile telecommunications can have a different impact whenever the level of land-line penetration differs. We find that mobile cellular phone expansion is an important determinant of the rate of economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, we find that the contribution of mobile cellular phones to economic growth has been growing in importance in the region, and that the marginal impact of mobile telecommunication services is even greater wherever land-line phones are rare. Given the low cost of mobile telecommunications technology relative to other broad infrastructure projects, especially land-line infrastructure, we advocate that mobile telecommunication services be encouraged in the area.
An artificial economy based on reinforcement learning and agent based modeling
Creators: name: García, Mario
name: Lozano, Jaime
name: Lozano, Fernando
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: In this paper, we employ techniques from artificial intelligence such as reinforcement learning and agent based modeling as building blocks of a computational model for an economy based on conventions. First we model the interaction among firms in the private sector. These firms behave in an information environment based on conventions, meaning that a firm is likely to behave as its neighbors if it observes that their actions lead to a good pay off. On the other hand, we propose the use of reinforcement learning as a computational model for the role of the government in the economy, as the agent that determines the fiscal policy, and whose objective is to maximize the growth of the economy. We present the implementation of a simulator of the proposed model based on SWARM, that employs the SARSA(λ) algorithm combined with a multilayer perceptron as the function approximation for the action value function.
Equality of educational opportunities in Colombia: A metropolitan area comparison
Creators: name: Londoño, Erika
name: Gamboa Niño, Luis Fernando
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: This document aims to provide evidence about the existence of different patterns in equality of opportunities in academic achievement during the last fifteen years in Colombia. The outcomes selected for measuring inequality are the scores obtained on SABER 11 in math as well as reading. It is found that inequality has grown around 11% in the country, and that this trend is common for all the metropolitan areas included in the analysis. Most of the increase found comes from factors related to the school market. The fraction of unfair inequality, conditional to the circumstances included in the definition of “types”, is higher than 20% of gross inequality in 2012.
Estructura salarial y segmentación en el mercado laboral de Colombia: un análisis de las siete principales ciudades, 2001-2005
Creators: name: Roa, Mónica
name: Garcia-Suaza, Andres
name: Mesa, Diana Carolina
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2015

description: Este documento se concentra en el estudio de las diferencias salariales mediante la comparación de las distribuciones de los salarios para las siete principales ciudades colombianas en el periodo 2001-2005 con datos de la Encuesta Continua de Hogares. Se detectan diferencias significativas que se explican a la luz de la teoría del capital humano y de segmentación laboral; mediante la estimación de ecuaciones de salarios a partir de las características socioeconómicas de los trabajadores junto con efectos particulares para región y rama de actividad económica que resultan significativos dando evidencia de segmentación del mercado laboralen Colombia. El componente de los salarios que es particular a la región y a la actividad económica se explica a partir de variables macroeconómicas como el crecimiento económico, la dotación sectorial de factores, el costo de vida y el desempleo a nivel regional.
Controlling restricted random testing: An examination of the exclusion ratio parameter
Creators: name: Chan, Kwok Ping
name: Chen, Tsong
name: Towey, Dave
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: In Restricted Random Testing (RRT), the main control parameter is the Target Exclusion Ratio (R), the proportion of the input domain to be excluded from test case generation at each iteration. Empirical investigations have consistently indicated that best failure-finding performance is achieved when the value for the Target Exclusion Ratio is maximised, i.e. close to 100%. This paper explains an algorithm to calculate the Actual Exclusion Ratio for RRT, and applies the algorithm to several simulations, confirming that previous empirically determined values for the Maximum Target Exclusion Ratio do give Actual Exclusion Ratios close to 100%. Previously observed trends of improvement in failure-finding efficiency of RRT corresponding to increases in Target Exclusion Ratios are also identified for Actual Exclusion Ratios.
Determinantes estructurales de la sindicalización en Colombia
Creators: name: Garcia-Suaza, Andres
name: Rodríguez Acosta, Mauricio
name: Guataquí, Juan
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2009

description: Las causas y los efectos de la asociación sindical han sido ampliamente estudiados por la literatura económica; no obstante en el caso colombiano existe un claro sesgo hacia el estudio de los efectos sobre el salario. Este documento presenta un estudio de los determinantes estructurales de la tasa de densidad sindical para Colombia incluyendo algunos aspectos particulares como los efectos regionales y sectoriales utilizando la Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares 2007. Se encuentra que la densidad sindical está determinada por factores semejantes a los de otros mercados de trabajo con patrones similares de negociación sindical, como los reportados por Johnson (2005). Finalmente, dadas sus cifras de asesinato de sindicalistas, consideramos que los determinantes de la afiliación sindical para el caso Colombiano son más complejos que los de otros países latinoamericanos
Genomic Breeding Values for Residual Feed Intake in Australian Maternal Composite Ewes
Creators: name: SEPULVEDA MOLINA, Boris Julian
name: Muir, Stephanie K
name: Bolormaa, Sunduimijid
name: Knight, Matthew I
name: Behrendt, Ralph
name: MacLeod, Iona M
name: Pryce, Jennie
name: Daetwyler, Hans
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022

description: Publication pdf can be found here:
http://www.aaabg.org/aaabghome/fullproc24.php
Estimaciones de los determinantes de los ingresos laborales en Colombia con consideraciones diferenciales para asalariados y cuenta propia
Creators: name: Rodríguez Acosta, Mauricio
name: Garcia-Suaza, Andres
name: Guataquí, Juan
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2009

description: La literatura sobre determinantes de los ingresos laborales ha evolucionado en sus fundamentos teóricos, metodológicos y estimaciones empíricas. Colombia no ha sido ajena a este proceso, pero su evolución, notoria en fertilidad, ha venidorelajándose en rigor conceptual: se tiende a considerar a los cuenta propia y asalariados como categorías relativamente semejantes. Para mostrar el efecto de dicha relajación realizamos estimaciones conjuntas de determinantes del ingreso laboral para ocupados asalariados y cuenta propia, y luego las contrastamos con estimaciones más detalladas y desagregadas ilustrando los sesgos efectivos que se generan si no se tienen en cuenta las características laborales de los ocupados cuenta propia y asalariado.
Doctors´ remuneration schemes and hospital competition in two-sided markets with common network externalities
Creators: name: Lozachmeur, Jean-Marie
name: Cremer, Helmuth
name: Bardey, David
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: This paper uses a two-sided market model of hospital competition to study the implications of di§erent remunerations schemes on the physiciansí side. The two-sided market approach is characterized by the concept of common network externality (CNE) introduced by Bardey et al. (2010). This type of externality occurs when occurs when both sides value, possibly with di§erent intensities, the same network externality. We explicitly introduce e§ort exerted by doctors. By increasing the number of medical acts (which involves a costly e§ort) the doctor can increase the quality of service o§ered to patients (over and above the level implied by the CNE). We Örst consider pure salary, capitation or fee-for-service schemes. Then, we study schemes that mix fee-for-service with either salary or capitation payments. We show that salary schemes (either pure or in combination with fee-for-service) are more patient friendly than (pure or mixed) capitations schemes. This comparison is exactly reversed on the providersíside. Quite surprisingly, patients always loose when a fee-for-service scheme is introduced (pure of mixed). This is true even though the fee-for-service is the only way to induce the providers to exert e§ort and it holds whatever the patientsívaluation of this e§ort. In other words, the increase in quality brought about by the fee-for-service is more than compensated by the increase in fees faced by patients.
Comentarios sobre la propuesta de reforma a la estructura arancelaria colombiana
Creators: name: Arguello, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2008

description: En este estudio se evalúan los efectos estáticos de una reciente propuesta de reforma a la actual estructura arancelaria aplicada por Colombia. La propuesta, realizada por elgobierno, estaba dirigida a racionalizar dicha estructura y a propiciar un mejoramiento de la productividad de la industria, pero fue desechada en vista de la oposición del sector privado a la misma. La evaluación se hace mediante un modelo de equilibrio general computable multipaís. Sus resultados indican que la no implementación de la propuesta implica renunciar a las ganancias de bienestar esperables de una combinación de ésta y de la implementación de los acuerdos que hacen parte de la agenda comercial del país.
Financial protection for the poor in Colombia: the effects of a subsidized health insurance scheme
Creators: name: Zambrano, Andrés
name: Castaño Yepez, Ramón Abel
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: Financial protection is one of the objectives of health systems, which protects poor households from falling into poverty as a result of health care related expenses. Expanding prepayment schemes to the poor is difficult in developing countries because labor is largely informal. Providing health care free-at-point-of-service does not adequately target spending on the poorest, but occupation- or community-based schemes have also inherent limitations to achieve universal coverage. Colombia adopted a government-subsidized health insurance scheme (SHI) strategy. The political debate about increasing SHI enrollment needs evidence about the effectiveness of this scheme regarding financial protection. This study runs a four-part model to estimate the effect of SHI on out-of-pocket expenses by the poor that are currently uninsured, if they were enrolled in the SHI. The results show a 43% and 50% reduction in expenses at Bogotá and national level respectively, which confirms the effectiveness of SHI as a financial protection tool.
A model of school behavior: tuition fees and grading standards
Creators: name: Maldonado, Dario
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: This paper uses a hybrid human capital / signaling model to study grading standards in schools when tuition fees are allowed. The paper analyzes the grading standard set by a profit maximizing school and compares it with the efficient one. The paper also studies grading standards when tuition fees have limits. When fees are regulated a profit maximizing school will set lower grading standards than when they are not regulated. Credit constraints of families also induce schools to lower their standards. Given that in the model presented competition is not feasible, these results show the importance of regulation of grading standards.
Perceived Social Support, Caregiving Appraisal and Quality of Life among Caregivers of Individuals with Parkinson Disease
Creators: name: Sham, Fatimah
name: Yusoff, Yuslina
name: Shukri, Norhasni Falina Hassan
name: Morris, Meg
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 420699
subject: Public health not elsewhere classified

description: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, no cure and progressive disease worsens gradually. The caregivers' QOL, support, and caregiving appraisal is essential to ensure the quality of life to the Individuals with Parkinson's disease (IWPD). Hundred three caregivers of IWPD involve in this study. The caregivers' QOL was significantly associated with the caregivers’s comorbidities, duration of caregiving, living arrangement, the IWPD's gender and comorbidities, and found significant correlate with the caregiving appraisal. The importance of identifying the risk factors, education needs, and caregiving appraisal in developing intervention program to improve their QOL among caregivers.
Keywords: social support; caregiving appraisal; quality of life; Parkinson's disease.
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2022. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i19.3132
Small-area variation in health care affecting the choice of cesarean delivery: the case of a Colombian health insurer
Creators: name: Castaño Yepez, Ramón Abel
name: Bardey, David
name: Vecino Ortiz, Andrés Ignacio
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2009

description: In the midst of health care reform, Colombia has succeeded in increasing health insurance coverage and the quality of health care. In spite of this, efficiency continues to be a matter of concern, and small-area variations in health care are one of the plausible causes of such inefficiencies. In order to understand this issue, we use individual data of all births from a Contributory-Regimen insurer in Colombia. We perform two different specifications of a multilevel logistic regression model. Our results reveal that hospitals account for 20% of variation on the probability of performing cesarean sections. Geographic area only explains 1/3 of the variance attributable to the hospital. Furthermore, some variables from both demand and supply sides are found to be also relevant on the probability of undergoing cesarean sections. This paper contributes to previous research by using a hierarchical model and by defining hospitals as cluster. Moreover, we also include clinical and supply induced demand variables.
Soft budget constraints in a dynamic general equilibrium model
Creators: name: Gilles Romero, Enrique
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2010

description: This paper considers an overlapping generations model in which capital investment is financed in a credit market with adverse selection. Lenders’ inability to commit ex-ante not to bailout ex-post, together with a wealthy position of entrepreneurs gives rise to the soft budget constraint syndrome, i.e. the absence of liquidation of poor performing firms on a regular basis. This problem arises endogenously as a result of the interaction between the economic behavior of agents, without relying on political economy explanations. We found the problem more binding along the business cycle, providing an explanation to creditors leniency during booms in some LatinAmerican countries in the late seventies and early nineties.
Short Term Health Shocks and School Attendance: The Case of a Dengue Fever Outbreak in Colombia.
Creators: name: Gamboa Niño, Luis Fernando
name: Barron, Kai
name: Rodríguez Lesmes, Paul Andres
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2015

description: This paper makes use of a short, sharp, unexpected health shock in the form of the 2010Colombian Dengue outbreak to examine the direct and indirect impact of negative healthshocks on behaviour of households in affected areas. Our analysis combines data from several sources in order to obtain a comprehensive picture of the influence of the outbreak, and furthermore to understand the underlying mechanisms driving the effects. Our initial analysis indicates that the outbreak had a substantial negative effect on the health status of adults and adversely affected their ability to function as usual in their daily lives. In our aggregated school data, in areas with high levels of haemorrhagic Dengue we observe a reduction innational exam attendance (last year of secondary school) and on enrolment rates in primary education. Further analysis aims to exploit detailed individual level data to gain a more in depth understanding of the precise channels through which this disease influenced the behaviour and outcomes of the poor in Colombia.
Rebellion, repression and welfare
Creators: name: Vargas, Juan F.
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2010

description: I develop a dynamic model of social conflict whereby manifest grievances of the poor generate the incentive of taking over political power violently. Rebellion can be an equilibrium outcome depending on the level of preexisting inequality between the poor and the ruling elite, the relative military capabilities of the two groups and the destructiveness of conflict. Once a technology of repression is introduced, widespread fear reduces the parameter space for which rebellion is an equilibrium outcome. However, I show that repression driven peace comes at a cost as it produces a welfare loss to society.
Calidad de la educación básica y media en Colombia: diagnóstico y propuestas
Creators: name: Rodríguez Orgales, Catherine
name: Maldonado, Dario
name: Barrera Osorio, Felipe
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2012

description: Este trabajo hace una propuesta de política educativa para Colombia que permita mejorar la calidad de la educación básica, secundaria y media y así convertirla en una herramienta efectiva de movilidad social. Se muestra que Colombia ha tenido avances importantes en cobertura. Sin embargo, las mejoras en términos de calidad han sido marginales e inequitativas. Las propuestas de política son: i) fortalecimiento de la evaluación de la calidad de la educación; ii) fortalecimiento de la capacidad institucional de los colegios públicos; iii) implementación de la jornada escolar completa; iv) implementación de una política de docentes que permita atraer mejores profesionales y mejorar los instrumentos de evaluación de los docentes; v) participación del sector privado en la provisión de educación.
Trade diversification in Colombia, 1991-2011
Creators: name: Arguello, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: We describe the evolution of international trade and the behavior of export diversification in Colombia during the period 1991-2011. For measuring trade diversification and following up its behavior along the period, we employ alternative ways of decomposing trade flows along its intensive and extensive margins, using the latter as a measure of diversification. Results indicate that, in the short run, trade diversification in Colombia can be characterized as weak but that there is a modest trend for an increase in its importance. With some differences in degree, for both exports and imports, the number of partner countries increases faster than the number of products contained in the average basket traded and, simultaneously, the number of traded products increases faster than the average number of countries with which they are traded. Hence, trade diversification in Colombia seems to follow a pattern that implies that trade with new partners tends to be relatively slowly populated in terms of products or, from the opposite point of view, trade of new products is relatively sluggish in extending to new partner countries
TIC y productividad en las industrias de servicios en Colombia
Creators: name: Alderete, María
name: Gutiérrez, Luis H.
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2015

description: Este trabajo analiza los determinantes de la productividad laboral en las empresas de servicios de Colombia. En particular se examina la relación entre las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación TIC (en términos de inversión y uso) y la productividad. El estudio encuentra que en conjunto, la inversión en TIC y el uso de las TIC incrementan la productividad laboral en un 18% en promedio aproximadamente. La evidencia empírica sustenta la hipótesis de que los recursos tecnológicos de TIC (tanto inversiones en equipo como uso de TIC), junto con el capital no TIC, la capacitación, el porcentaje de capital extranjero y el porcentaje de empleados permanentes son los recursos más importantes que impactan positivamente sobre la productividad de las empresas de servicios de Colombia.
Cambios en los retornos de la educación en Bogotá entre 1997 y 2003
Creators: name: Gamboa Niño, Luis Fernando
name: Forero Ramírez, Nohora Yulieth
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2006

description: Se estima la tasa de retorno de la educación en Bogotá para 1997 y 2003 por medio de la metodología de Heckman. Se encuentra que los retornos de la educación y de la experiencia potencial son menores en 2003. El ingreso laboral promedio también disminuye.
Use of informal mobile telephony in low income households in Colombia
Creators: name: Gamboa Niño, Luis Fernando
name: Gutiérrez, Luis H.
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: El acceso a la telefonía móvil en Colombia evidencia ciertas particularidades con respecto a otros países. En Colombia surgió una nueva alternativa de comunicación que consistía en la venta de minutos de celular en las calles y en pequeños negocios durante los primeros años de ésta década. En este documento se analizan las principales características de quienes usan esta modalidad de comunicación con base en una encuesta dirigida a usuarios y no usuarios de bajos ingresos. Se usa un modelo probabilístico para explicar las características de las personas que lo usan y se encuentra que las personas que están en la modalidad de contrato prepago y que viven en ciudades pequeñas tienen una mayor probabilidad de usar esta alternativa de comunicación. De otro lado se encuentra que quienes están con el operador dominante tienden a usar este servicio también de una forma más notoria. Estos resultados parecen indicar que los diferenciales de precios entre las llamadas off-net y on-net así como entre prepago y postpago son los que alimentaron el surgimiento de esta actividad
Unemployment insurance in the presence of an informal sector
Creators: name: Peña, Ximena
name: Bardey, David
name: Jaramillo, Fernando
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2013

description: We study the effect of UI benefits in a typical developing country where the informal sector is sizeable and persistent. In a partial equilibrium environment, ruling out the macroeconomic consequences of UI benefits, we characterize the stationary equilibrium of an economy where policyholders may be employed in the formal sector, short-run unemployed receiving UI benefits or long-run unemployed without UI benefits. We perform comparative static exercises to understand how UI benefits affect unemployed worker´s effort to secure a formal job, their labor supply in the informal sector and leisure time. Our model reveals that an increase in UI benefits generates two opposing effects for the short-run unemployed. First, since search efforts cannot be monitored it generates moral hazard behaviours that lower effort. Second, it generates an income effect as it reduces the marginal cost of searching for a formal job and increases effort.The overall effect is ambiguous and depends on the relative strength of these two effects. Additionally, we show that an increase in UI benefits increases the efforts of long-run unemployed workers. We provide a simple simulation exercise which suggests that the income effect pointed out is not necessarily of second-order importance in comparison with moral hazard strength. This result softens the widespread opinion, usually based on the microeconomic/partial equilibrium argument that the presence of dual labor markets is an obstacle to providing UI in developing countries.
Biased technological change, human capital and factor shares
Creators: name: Zuleta, Hernando
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: We propose a one-good model where technological change is factor saving and costly. We consider a production function with two reproducible factors: physical capital and human capital, and one not reproducible factor. The main predictions of the model are the following: (a) The elasticity of output with respect to the reproducible factors depends on the factor abundance of the economies. (b) The income share of reproducible factors increases with the stage of development. (c) Depending on the initial conditions, in some economies the production function converges to AK, while in other economies long-run growth is zero. (d) The share of human factors (raw labor and human capital) converges to a positive number lower than one. Along the transition it may decrease, increase or remain constant.
The international economic crisis and the colombian economy
Creators: name: Arguello, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this research is to provide an approximation to the likely effects of the crisis on the Colombian economy and to the effectiveness of policy response. For this, the most relevant transmission channels and policy measures are simulated in the setting of a static computable general equilibrium model (CGE). The results obtained are interesting in their own right and are in line with what could be expected given the information available on the behavior of the Colombian economy. Furthermore, they call into question the effectiveness of governmental intervention as judged by its intended countercyclical effects.
Statistical inference for testing Gini coefficients: an application for Colombia
Creators: name: Andrés Felipe, García
name: Gamboa Niño, Luis Fernando
name: Otero, Jesus
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2009

description: This paper uses Colombian household survey data collected over the period 1984-2005 to estimate Gini coe¢ cients along with their corresponding standard errors. We Önd a statistically signiÖcant increase in wage income inequality following the adoption of the liberalisation measures of the early 1990s, and mixed evidence during the recovery years that followed the economic recession of the late 1990s. We also Önd that in several cases the observed di§erences in the Gini coe¢ cients across cities have not been statistically signiÖcant.
Economic shocks and crime: evidence from the crash of ponzi schemes
Creators: name: Santamaría, Julieth
name: Cortes, Darwin
name: Vargas, Juan F.
Publisher: name: Universidad del Rosario
Year: 2016

description: In November 2008, Colombian authorities dismantled a network of Ponzi schemes,making hundreds of thousands of investors lose tens of millions of dollars throughoutthe country. Using original data on the geographical incidence of the Ponzi schemes,this paper estimates the impact of their break down on crime. We find that the crashof Ponzi schemes differentially exacerbated crime in affected districts. Confirmingthe intuition of the standard economic model of crime, this effect is only present inplaces with relatively weak judicial and law enforcement institutions, and with littleaccess to consumption smoothing mechanisms such as microcredit. In addition, weshow that, with the exception of economically-motivated felonies such as robbery,violent crime is not affected by the negative shock.