cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Narrative of Students’ Lived Experience and Its Effect on their Academic Achievement
Creators: name: Beco, Yosef
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
Year: 2022

description: This study examined students’ narrative retrieved from their past or lived experience and its effect on their academic achievement. I made use of a narrative case study research method and conducted an in-depth interview with participants. Drawing on purposive sampling technique, data were collected from selected students of the Faculty of Languages and Humanities, Kotebe Metropolitan University. Personal narratives were recounted by the students and analyzed by developing themes, until data saturated. The researcher made an attempt in order to uncover the students’ lived practices that have harmed students’ academic achievement. Findings reveal that harmful psychological, social and economic experiences, if adversely remained in the memory of students, also have negative effect on students’ academic achievement. Accordingly, the psychologically wounding and socio-economically destructing experiences have corroded formative developments, and have undermined critical thought, and that believed to have affected students’ academic successes.
description: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2022)
Additional file 1 of Novel radiologic indices for stem type decision in total hip arthroplasty in patients with metaphyseo-diaphyseal mismatched Dorr A proximal femur
Creators: name: Lee, Han Jin
name: Kim, Hong Seok
name: Yoo, Jeong Joon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplmentary Table 1
Ripplocations in Layered Materials: Sublinear Scaling and Basal Climb
Creators: name: McHugh, James G.
name: Mouratidis, Pavlos
name: Jolley, Kenny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ripplocation is a crystallographic defect which is unique to layered materials, combining nanoscale delamination with the crystallographic slip of a basal dislocation. Here, we have studied basal dislocations and ripplocations, in single and multiple van der Waals layers, using analytical and computational techniques. Expressions for the energetic and structural scaling factors of surface ripplocations are derived, which are in close correspondence to the physics of a classical carpet ruck. Our simulations demonstrate that the lowest-energy structure of dislocation pile-ups in layered materials is the ripplocation, while large dislocation pile-ups in bulk graphite demonstrate multilayer delamination, curvature and voids. This can provide a concise explanation for the large volumetric expansion seen in irradiated graphite.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Farms' Technical Inefficiencies in the Presence of Government Programs
Creators: name: Serra, Teresa
name: Zilberman, David
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Serra, Teresa
name: Zilberman, David
name: Gil, Jose Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Farm Management

description: We focus on determining the impacts of government programs on farms technical inefficiency levels. We use Kumbhakar's (2002) stochastic frontier model that accounts for both production risks and risk preferences. Our theoretical framework shows that decoupled government transfers are likely to increase (decrease) DARA (IARA) farmers' production inefficiencies if variable inputs are risk decreasing. However, the impacts of decoupled payments cannot be anticipated if variable inputs are risk increasing. We use farm-level data collected in Kansas to illustrate the model.
Random percolation as a gauge theory
Creators: name: Gliozzi, F.
name: Lottini, S.
name: Panero, M.
name: Rago, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional bond or site percolation theory on a lattice can be interpreted as a gauge theory in which the Wilson loops are viewed as counters of topological linking with random clusters. Beyond the percolation threshold large Wilson loops decay with an area law and show the universal shape effects due to flux tube quantum fluctuations like in ordinary confining gauge theories. Wilson loop correlators define a non-trivial spectrum of physical states of increasing mass and spin, like the glueballs of ordinary gauge theory. The crumbling of the percolating cluster when the length of one periodic direction decreases below a critical threshold accounts for the finite temperature deconfinement, which belongs to 2-D percolation universality class.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures
Bade, Klaus I. (Hrsg.), Imperialismus und Kolonialunion
Creators: name: Grohs, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 32 Nr. 1 (1983): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 32, Heft 1
Globalization and Urban-Rural Migration in Taiwan
Creators: name: Huang, Fung-Mey
name: Huang, Fung-Mey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: globalization
subject: labor migration
subject: agricultural sector

description: In this study, we examine the association of urban-to-rural migration with the deterioration of labor market in urban sector due to the globalization of markets and production. Two measures of the relative impacts of globalization on urban and rural labor markets: changes in rural-urban real earning differential and changes in the rural-urban probabilities of being employed. We, thus, address the following questions. What would be the changes in both rural-urban real earning differential and the rural-urban differential in the probabilities of being employed over the last decade? Can real earning differentials or employment differentials, or both significantly influence the urban-to-rural migration decisions? Which one plays a pivotal role in the analysis? What would be the roles of individual or family characteristics in determining the urban-to-rural migration decisions? The preliminary results show the following implications. First of all, the increasing the probabilities of getting a job in rural sector versus keeping a job in urban sector play a pivotal role in determining the urban-to-rural migration. As employment opportunities became persistently worsen in urban sector, job security in rural became attractive and play a more important role than real earning differential. Secondly, having a family member working in rural sector significantly influences the urban-to-rural migration.
Utilization and Determinants of Agricultural Extension Packages by Smallholder Farmers: Evidences from Sinana District, Bale Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Shimelis, Nigus
name: Zeleke, Tesfaye
name: Fikadu, Habtamu
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
Year: 2022

description: This study was carried out to analyze agricultural extension package utilizations by smallholder farmers in Sinana District, Bale Zone of Oromia National Regional State. A cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from 325 farmers through a simple random sampling technique. The quantitative data, obtained through survey, were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics; while the qualitative data, accessed through interviews and discussions, were analyzed thematically. The study found that 91.4% of the smallholder farmers were unable to access farm inputs such as agrochemicals, improved varieties, and farming machineries due to financial constraints. Besides, 93.2% of the farmers were not able to access agricultural inputs on time. The absence of integrated farm management, weak farmer-extension service linkage, and inconsistency between demands for agricultural inputs and supply posed challenges to channeling utilization of agricultural extension packages. There was also a statistically significant relationship among farmers' annual estimated income, farm size, household size, age, interaction, knowledge, and market access with the use of agricultural innovations such as application of chemical technologies, improved varieties, income diversification, and information accessed for agricultural extension packages utilization (P<0.05). Thus, institutionalization of integrated and collaborative engagements among stakeholders was suggested to improve the proper supply and utilization of agricultural extension packages in the study district.
description: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2022)
Anomalous diffusion in umbrella comb
Creators: name: Iomin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous transport in a circular comb is considered. The circular motion takes place for a fixed radius, while radii are continuously distributed along the circle. Two scenarios of the anomalous transport, related to the reflecting and periodic angular boundary conditions, are studied. The first scenario with the reflection boundary conditions for the circular diffusion corresponds to the conformal mapping of a 2D comb Fokker-Planck equation on the circular comb. This topologically constraint motion is named umbrella comb model. In this case, the reflecting boundary conditions are imposed on the circular (rotator) motion, while the radial motion corresponds to geometric Brownian motion with vanishing to zero boundary conditions on infinity. The radial diffusion is described by the log-normal distribution, which corresponds to exponentially fast motion with the mean squared displacement (MSD) of the order of $e^t$. The second scenario corresponds to the circular diffusion with periodic boundary conditions and the outward radial diffusion with vanishing to zero boundary conditions at infinity. In this case the radial motion corresponds to normal diffusion. The circular motion in both scenarios is a superposition of cosine functions that results in the stationary Bernoulli polynomials for the probability distributions.
description: Revised version
Prospective Agriculture 2013 : résultats et enseignements principaux par scenario
Creators: name: Guyomard, Herve
name: Le Mouël, Chantal
name: Jez, Christine
name: Forslund, Agneta
name: Fournel, Estelle
Publisher: name: INRA
Year: 2008

description: Cette note de synthèse présente les résultats et les enseignements majeurs de la prospective agriculture 2013 déclinés selon les trois scénarios considérés, simplement intitulés "le pas", "le trot" et "le galop".
Prevalence and Severity of Domestic Violence against Women and Girls during COVID-19 Pandemic in Selected Urban Areas of Harari Region and East Hararghe Zone
Creators: name: Temesgen, Hadas
name: Midakso, Birhanu
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
Year: 2021

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and severity of domestic violence against women and girls during COVID-19 pandemic in selected urban areas of Harari region and East Hararghe Zone of the Oromia region. A mixed research approach was used. While key informants were selected purposively, a total of 382 respondents were selected employing simple random sampling technique. Questionnaire and key informant interview were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. Besides, both published and unpublished documents were consulted for secondary data. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In addition, thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data. The finding of the study revealed that domestic violence against women and girls was prevalent (about 76.2% were affected) and its severity increased at an alarming rate during the COVID-19 pandemic. The common violence increased during the pandemic was psychological and physical violence committed almost every month mainly by husbands and close relatives. Haramaya town was identified with a prevalent and sever domestic violence during the pandemic as compared to other study sites. Accordingly, the study recommends that the Women, Children, and Youth Affairs Office of the selected towns should work in collaboration with gender focal persons, judicial bodies, local communities and women/girls in creating awareness about domestic violence and taking appropriate corrective measures when it occurs. Besides, a gender special task force must be in place to effectively follow up and respond to domestic violence related issues in each town.
description: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021)
Contracts, Quality, and Default: Endogenizing a Buyer's Rejection Rate
Creators: name: Thome, Karen E.
name: Sexton, Richard J.
name: Thome, Karen E.
name: Sexton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper represents a first attempt to examine within an analytical framework the issue of endogenous rejection of contracted production by buyers, a phenomenon of considerable concern in developing countries, as rapid industrialization of the agricultural sector increases the incidence of contract production in these countries. We study whether produce buyers might use a rejection rate that is not only dependent on product quality, but also on the market conditions they face or their capacity. Further, we explore whether rejection might be used to influence the price farmers receive in both the contract and spot markets. The spot market often does not provide incentives for high-quality production due to pooling and resulting adverse selection problems. We show, however, that the spot market remains important in a setting with contracting because it determines the contract price needed to meet producers' participation constraints. However, stochastic production of high-quality products is problematic for buyers in this setting because the buyer cannot determine ex ante the amount of contracts needed to maximize profits ex post. We show that the advent of contracting for high-quality production actually makes the spot market an increasingly inappropriate outlet for acquisition of high-quality product because contract producers sell exclusively low-quality production in the spot market, reducing the share of high-quality production available there, relative to an equilibrium with only the spot market.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 08/06/07.
Scherzberg, Lucia, Schwarze Theologie in Südafrika
Creators: name: Becken, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 32 Nr. 1 (1983): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 32, Heft 1
Relations of trans fatty acids, cis n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in newborn cord plasma, maternal plasma and diet
Creators: name: Elias, Sandra Leanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Trans fatty acids (TFA) are found in partially hydrogenated oils used in margarines, and in processed foods. Concern has been raised that TFA may inhibit desaturation of 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 to 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3, respectively, which are necessary for normal growth and development. The effect of diet-derived TFA on human growth, however, is unclear. This study estimated intakes and major sources of dietary TFA in 60 women at 28 and 35 weeks gestation using a food frequency questionnaire. Maternal blood was collected at 35 weeks gestation. Cord blood was collected at birth to assess the relation of maternal diet and plasma TFA on cord TFA, n-6 and n-3 fatty acids. The mean estimated TFA intake was 3.8 and 3.4 g/day at 28 and 35 weeks, respectively (1.3% of total energy). The major dietary source of TFA was baked foods. TFA were present in maternal and cord plasma triglycerides (TG), mean ± S.E., 4.0 ± 0.2 and 2.9 ± 0.2%, phospholipids (PL), 2.4 ± 0.1 and 0.7 ± 0.0%, and cholesteryl esters (CE), 1.6 ± 0.1 and 2.0 ± 0.1% of total fatty acids, respectively. Cord plasma TG TFA was inversely related to 22:6n-3 (r = -0.36) and cord plasma TG and CE TFA were inversely related to 20:4n-6 (r = -0.27). Cord plasma TG and CE TFA were inversely related to length of gestation (r - -0.28 and r = -0.25, respectively), whereas TG 20:4n-6 was positively related to length of gestation (r = 0.5) and infant birthweight (r = 0.4). Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was inversely related to length of gestation in TG (r = -0.44) and in cord plasma CE to length of gestation (r = -0.52), birthweight (r = -0.35) and infant length (r = -0.35). In summary, this study found a mean TFA intake of <4g/d, with baked foods representing the major food source of dietary TFA. Evidence of an inverse association between cord plasma TFA, length of gestation, and with 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 in some lipids, suggests the need for larger prospective studies to determine relations between maternal dietary fat quality and birth outcomes, considering potential confounding dietary and lifestyle variables.
Coherence and decoherence in the Harper-Hofstadter model
Creators: name: Liang, Qi-Yu
name: Trypogeorgos, Dimitris
name: Valdés-Curiel, Ana
name: Tao, Junheng
name: Zhao, Mingshu
name: Spielman, Ian B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantum-simulated the 2D Harper-Hofstadter (HH) lattice model in a highly elongated tube geometry -- three sites in circumference -- using an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. In addition to the usual transverse (out-of-plane) magnetic flux, piercing the surface of the tube, we threaded a longitudinal flux $Φ_{\rm L}$ down the axis of the tube This geometry evokes an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer, where noise in $Φ_{\rm L}$ would readily decohere the interference present in trajectories encircling the tube. We observe this behavior only when transverse flux is a rational fraction of the flux-quantum, and remarkably find that for irrational fractions the decoherence is absent. Furthermore, at rational values of transverse flux, we show that the time evolution averaged over the noisy longitudinal flux matches the time evolution at nearby irrational fluxes. Thus, the appealing intuitive picture of an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer is insufficient. Instead, we quantitatively explain our observations by transforming the HH model into a collection of momentum-space Aubry-André models.
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of an experimental toothpaste containing sodium bicarbonate, sodium hyaluronate and sodium fluoride on gingivitis
Creators: name: Axe, Alyson
name: Patel, Nisha
name: Qaqish, Jimmy
name: Ling, Martin R.
name: Araga, Mako
name: Parkinson, Charlie
name: Goyal, Chaju Ram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Prospective Agriculture 2013 : résultats et enseignements principaux par thème
Creators: name: Guyomard, Herve
name: Le Mouël, Chantal
name: Jez, Christine
name: Forslund, Agneta
name: Fournel, Estelle
Publisher: name: INRA
Year: 2008

description: Le présent rapport propose une synthèse des résultats et des enseignements principaux de la prospective agriculture 2013 par thème. Il accompagne le document de présentation des résultats et des enseignements déclinés par scénarios..
Higher immigration and lower land take rates are driving a new densification wave in European cities
Creators: name: Cortinovis, Chiara
name: Geneletti, Davide
name: Haase, Dagmar
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 710 Raumplanung und Landschaftsarchitektur

description: Spatio-temporal density trends are considered key indicators of urban development. However, similar density trends may hide different drivers. This study investigates the density trends of 331 European cities between 2006 and 2018 and the underlying trends in residential area and population, broken down into natural change and net migration. The analysis captured a shift in the predominant trend from de-densification (2006–2012) to densification (2012–2018). Two main drivers determined the shift: (i) a more diffused growth of urban population, and (ii) a slowdown of land take for residential use after the global financial crisis of 2008. A clear acceleration in net migration rates, with immigration pushing population growth, occurred in most cities turning from de-densification to densification. Despite path dependencies and enduring differences across regions and city sizes, the distribution of these trends partly redesigned the traditional European East-West dichotomy into a novel center-periphery division.
Toward Scalable Image Feature Compression: A Content-Adaptive and Diffusion-Based Approach
Creators: name: Guo, Sha
name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Zhao, Yang
name: Zhang, Ning
name: Li, Xiaotong
name: Duan, Lingyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Traditional image codecs emphasize signal fidelity and human perception, often at the expense of machine vision tasks. Deep learning methods have demonstrated promising coding performance by utilizing rich semantic embeddings optimized for both human and machine vision. However, these compact embeddings struggle to capture fine details such as contours and textures, resulting in imperfect reconstructions. Furthermore, existing learning-based codecs lack scalability. To address these limitations, this paper introduces a content-adaptive diffusion model for scalable image compression. The proposed method encodes fine textures through a diffusion process, enhancing perceptual quality while preserving essential features for machine vision tasks. The approach employs a Markov palette diffusion model combined with widely used feature extractors and image generators, enabling efficient data compression. By leveraging collaborative texture-semantic feature extraction and pseudo-label generation, the method accurately captures texture information. A content-adaptive Markov palette diffusion model is then applied to represent both low-level textures and high-level semantic content in a scalable manner. This framework offers flexible control over compression ratios by selecting intermediate diffusion states, eliminating the need for retraining deep learning models at different operating points. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in both image reconstruction and downstream machine vision tasks such as object detection, segmentation, and facial landmark detection, achieving superior perceptual quality compared to state-of-the-art methods.
A study on energy resolution of CANDLES detector
Creators: name: Khai, B. T.
name: Ajimura, S.
name: Chan, W. M.
name: Fushimi, K.
name: Hazama, R.
name: Hiraoka, H.
name: Iida, T.
name: Kanagawa, K.
name: Kino, H.
name: Kishimoto, T.
name: Maeda, T.
name: Nakajima, K.
name: Nomachi, M.
name: Ogawa, I.
name: Ohata, T.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: Takemoto, Y.
name: Takihira, Y.
name: Tamagawa, Y.
name: Tozawa, M.
name: Tsuzuki, M.
name: Umehara, S.
name: Yoshida, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a neutrinoless double-beta decay ($0νββ$) experiment, energy resolution is important to distinguish between $0νββ$ and background events. CAlcium fluoride for studies of Neutrino and Dark matters by Low Energy Spectrometer (CANDLES) discerns the $0νββ$ of $^{48}$Ca using a CaF$_2$ scintillator as the detector and source. Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) collect scintillation photons. At the Q-value of $^{48}$Ca, the current energy resolution (2.6%) exceeds the ideal statistical fluctuation of the number of photoelectrons (1.6%). Because of CaF$_2$'s long decay constant of 1000 ns, a signal integration within 4000 ns is used to calculate the energy. The baseline fluctuation ($σ_{baseline}$) is accumulated in the signal integration, thus degrading the energy resolution. This paper studies $σ_{baseline}$ in the CANDLES detector, which severely degrades the resolution by 1% at the Q-value of $^{48}$Ca. To avoid $σ_{\rm baseline}$, photon counting can be used to obtain the number of photoelectrons in each PMT; however, a significant photoelectron signal overlapping probability in each PMT causes missing photoelectrons in counting and reduces the energy resolution. "Partial photon counting" reduces $σ_{baseline}$ and minimizes photoelectron loss. We obtain improved energy resolutions of 4.5-4.0% at 1460.8 keV ($γ$-ray of $^{40}$K), and 3.3-2.9% at 2614.5 keV ($γ$-ray of $^{208}$Tl). The energy resolution at the Q-value is estimated to be improved from 2.6% to 2.2%, and the detector sensitivity for the $0νββ$ half-life of $^{48}$Ca can be improved by 1.09 times.
description: This manuscript is prepared for submission to IEEE Transaction on Nuclear Science. It contains 11 pages, 19 figures, and 1 table
A responsabilidade criminal do superior hierárquico em Direito Penal Internacional
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Almiro
Publisher: name: Direito e Justiça
Year: 2006

description: Direito e Justiça, n. Especial (2006): O Tribunal Penal Internacional e a Transformação do Direito Internacional. Conferência Internacional da FDUCP/PGR
The Cepheid Distance to the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 4051
Creators: name: Yuan, Wenlong
name: Macri, Lucas M.
name: Peterson, Bradley M.
name: Riess, Adam G.
name: Fausnaugh, Michael M.
name: Hoffmann, Samantha L.
name: Anand, Gagandeep S.
name: Bentz, Misty C.
name: Bontà, Elena Dalla
name: Davies, Richard I.
name: de Rosa, Gisella
name: Ferrarese, Laura
name: Grier, Catherine J.
name: Hicks, Erin K. S.
name: Onken, Christopher A.
name: Pogge, Richard W.
name: Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa
name: Vestergaard, Marianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a distance of $D = 16.6 \pm 0.3$~Mpc ($μ=31.10\pm0.04$~mag) to the archetypal narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051 based on Cepheid Period--Luminosity relations and new Hubble Space Telescope multiband imaging. We identify 419 Cepheid candidates and estimate the distance at both optical and near-infrared wavelengths using subsamples of precisely-photometered variables (123 and 47 in the optical and near-infrared subsamples, respectively). We compare our independent photometric procedures and distance-estimation methods to those used by the SH0ES team and find agreement to 0.01~mag. The distance we obtain suggests an Eddington ratio $\dot{m} \approx 0.2$ for NGC 4051, typical of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies, unlike the seemingly-odd value implied by previous distance estimates. We derive a peculiar velocity of $-490\pm34$~km~s$^{-1}$ for NGC 4051, consistent with the overall motion of the Ursa Major Cluster in which it resides. We also revisit the energetics of the NGC 4051 nucleus, including its outflow and mass accretion rates.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Perceived Causes of Academic Failure among Undergraduate Female Students in Haramaya University
Creators: name: Abera, Gemechu
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
Year: 2021

description: The study aimed at investigating perceived causes of academic failure among undergraduate female students in Haramaya University. Descriptive survey research design was employed through stratified random sampling technique to collect pertinent data from the participants (n = 320) through questionnaire and observation. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the collected data. Firstly, 17.50% of the participants scored distinction grade point average whereas 82.50% of them scored below distinction grade point average (3.25). Secondly, 95% of the participants strongly agreed upon problems with learning environment with a coefficient of variation (5.19%). Thirdly, there were statistically significant positive relationships among participants’ cumulative grade point average, fathers’ level of education and family size r (318) = .34**, p < .05, and r(318) = .22**, p < .05, respectively. Finally, problems with learning environment were contributed 67.90% to the perceived causes of academic failure among undergraduate female students. In sum, problems with learning environment, family monthly income, family size, family levels of education and participants’ commitment to learn were the most perceived causes of academic failure among undergraduate female students. It is, therefore, recommended that effective guidance services and awareness creation on academic failure should be provided to undergraduate female students of the university.
description: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021)
A submm survey of Lyman-alpha haloes in the SA22 protocluster at z=3.1
Creators: name: Geach, J. E.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Hayashino, T.
name: Ohta, K.
name: Shioya, Y.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from a submm survey of a sample of 23 giant Lya emitting nebulae in the overdensity at z=3.09 in the SA22 field. These objects, which have become known as Lya Blobs (LABs) have a diverse range of morphology and surface brightness, but the nature of their power source is unclear - with cooling flows and/or AGN/starburst ionised winds being possibilities. Using the SCUBA submm camera we measure the 850um flux of a sample of LABs, detecting four LABs at >3.5sigma individually, and a modest statistical detection of the full sample at about 3mJy. These fluxes correspond to bolometric luminosities in the ultraluminous regime, with star-formation rates of about 1e3 Msun/yr. We show there is a trend between Lya luminosity and bolometric output, which suggests that a galactic scale superwind generated from starbursts of age 10-100Myr may be responsible for the Lya emission. We estimate the star-formation rate density in SA22 to be >3 Msun/yr/Mpc^3 - greater than the field at this epoch, and note that there are now 7 submm galaxies in the SA22 structure, making this region the richest association of these intensely active galaxies. Finally we suggest that Lya haloes may be a common feature of the submm population in general, and have an important role in the heating and enrichment of the intergalactic medium.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, resubmitted to MNRAS after referee's report
Farm Level Impacts of a Revenue Based Policy in the 2007 Farm Bill
Creators: name: Higgins, Lindsey M.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
name: Raulston, J. Marc
name: Higgins, Lindsey M.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
name: Raulston, J. Marc
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Revenue-based policy alternatives are thought to be a potential component of the 2007 Farm Bill. This research provides an economic analysis of switching to a revenue assurance farm program for representative farms. Specifically, this research provides a monte-carlo stochastic simulation model that compares the effect of a revenue based safety net policy relative to continuing the 2002 Farm Bill policies for different types of U.S. crop farmers. The results show that both revenue assurance proposals by the National Corn Growers Association leave the majority of farmers, especially feed grain producers, with higher total receipts and higher government payments.
A Rock Classification Schema
Creators: name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Tockstein, C. D.
name: Palmer, M. W.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The need for engineering data on earth materials for use in site selection, design, construction, and maintenance of major engineering structures is generally accepted. Probably the most pressing need is for such data to use in preliminary considerations of site selection and design alternatives. Maps and(or) surveys giving the areal distribution of earth materials and their characteristics, together with topographic maps available for many areas, would permit much preliminary work on engineering structures to be done without the engineer ever having to leave his office.
Identification of Hazardous Rural Highway Locations
Creators: name: Deacon, John A.
name: Zegeer, Charles V.
name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: An effective procedure was determined for identifying hazardous rural highway locations based on accident statistics. Multiple indicators of accident experience that are necessary include the number of fatal accidents, the total number of accidents, the number of effective-property-damage-only accidents, and the accident rate. Critical levels of these four indicators should vary from state to state depending on the nature of the local safety improvement program as well as local traffic and roadway conditions and prevailing attitudes toward highway safety. Specific recommendations are given for use in Kentucky. Critical accident rates are established using quality control procedures.  To identify hazardous highway locations, it is necessary to distinguish between short highway segments (spots) and large segments (sections) and to further classify spots as intersection and non-intersection locations. Intersection spots should include a distance of 0.15 mile (0.24 km) along all approaches; non-intersection spots should be 0.3-mile (0.48-km), floating segments; and sections should be 3-mile (4.8-km), floating segments. Both spots and sections should be classified by highway type and location. The use of dual time intervals of 1 and 2 years for accumulating and evaluating accident statistics was found to be desirable.
Fatigue Analysis from Strain Gage Data and Probability Analysis
Creators: name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The Central Bridge over the Ohio River between Newport, Kentucky, and Cincinnati, Ohio, was completed in 1891 and in 1972-73 was considered to be in danger of fatigue failure. A series of investigations were undertaken to determine the likelihood of failure and to estimate the time of probable failure. During the investigation, a methodology was developed to determine fatigue damage from a probability analysis of traffic data by reconstituting or synthesizing the load (traffic) history of bridges. Strain gage data obtained with Prewitt scratch gages and SR-4 resistivity gages were used to evaluate fatigue damage incurred by the Central Bridge.
Prien, Hans-Jürgen (Hrsg.), Lateinamerika: Gesellschaft - Kirche - Theologie
Creators: name: Müller, Reinhart
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 32 Nr. 1 (1983): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 32, Heft 1
What a Difference a Day Makes: An Estimate of Potential Gains from Trade Facilitation
Creators: name: Wilson, Norbert L.W.
name: Wilson, Norbert L.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The current paper uses a series of metrics of customs and administrative procedures produced by the World Bank to estimate gravity models. The metrics include estimates of the number of days at the border, the number signatures and the number of documents necessary for a product to cross the border of the importer and the exporter. Simulations using the estimated elasticities show that to improve trade reductions would need to be made in the different metrics. For the greatest benefits all trading partners would have to make the improvements. Additionally, some products are more sensitive to the metrics than others.
Returns, Lags, and Complementarities in Brand and Generic Advertising: The Demand for Peanut Butter
Creators: name: Kaneko, Naoya
name: Fletcher, Stanley M.
name: Kaneko, Naoya
name: Fletcher, Stanley M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper estimates the impact of generic and brand advertising on the demand for peanut butter in the U.S. An error correction model is estimated with quarterly data from 1985 to 2004 to study both the short- and long-run adjustments. The results indicate that brand advertising has a significant but short-lived effect on aggregate consumption while generic advertising has little short-run but significant long-run effects.
Additional file 1 of NOD1 deficiency ameliorates the progression of diabetic retinopathy by modulating bone marrow–retina crosstalk
Creators: name: Qiu, Jingwen
name: Wu, Jing
name: Chen, Wenwen
name: Ruan, Yu
name: Mao, Jingning
name: Li, Shue
name: Tang, Xuan
name: Zhao, Lei
name: Li, Shengbing
name: Li, Ke
name: Liu, Dongfang
name: Duan, Yaqian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary data.
Endogenous Fishing Mortality in Life History Models: Relaxing Some Implicit Assumptions
Creators: name: Smith, Martin D.
name: Smith, Martin D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Life history models can include a wide range of biological and ecological features that affect exploited fish populations. However, they typically treat fishing mortality as an exogenous parameter. Implicitly, this approach assumes that the supply of fishing effort is perfectly inelastic. That is, the supply curve of effort is vertical. Fishery modelers often run simulations for different values of fishing mortality, but his exercise also assumes vertical supply and simply explores a series of these curves as different scenarios. The seemingly innocuous assumption of vertical supply conflicts with a large body of empirical work on behavior of fishermen and fishing fleets. Economists and fisheries scientists consistently find that fishing behavior is responsive to economic opportunities over time and space as well as across target species. Accounting for this phenomenon requires that fishing mortality be made endogenous. This paper demonstrates an approach to endogenizing fishing mortality in life history models by allowing the fish stock in the previous period and other behavioral drivers to enter into the equation that predicts fishing effort in the next period. The paper discusses conditions under which the standard approach is approximately accurate and when endogenous fishing mortality dramatically alters model predictions. An empirical application to the Gulf of Mexico gag, a species of grouper, illustrates the importance of endogenizing fishing mortality. Accounting for fishing behavior ultimately will improve predictions from management models and avoid fisheries management failures.
Thermal noise of a cryo-cooled silicon cantilever locally heated up to its melting point
Creators: name: Fontana, Alex
name: Pedurand, Richard
name: Dolique, Vincent
name: Hansali, Ghaouti
name: Bellon, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem (FDT) is a powerful tool to estimate the thermal noise of physical systems in equilibrium. In general however, thermal equilibrium is an approximation, or cannot be assumed at all. A more general formulation of the FDT is then needed to describe the behavior of the fluctuations. In our experiment we study a micro-cantilever brought out-ofequilibrium by a strong heat flux generated by the absorption of the light of a laser. While the base is kept at cryogenic temperatures, the tip is heated up to the melting point, thus creating the highest temperature difference the system can sustain. We independently estimate the temperature profile of the cantilever and its mechanical fluctuations, as well as its dissipation. We then demonstrate how the thermal fluctuations of all the observed degrees of freedom, though increasing with the heat flux, are much lower than what is expected from the average temperature of the system. We interpret these results thanks to a minimal extension of the FDT: this dearth of thermal noise arises from a dissipation shared between clamping losses and distributed damping.
Validation of Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES-IV) in Afan Oromo Contexts for Measuring Family Functioning
Creators: name: Megersa, Wakgari
name: Tefera, Belay
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities
Year: 2021

description: The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric features of FACES-IV in Afan Oromo contexts to adapt and use in measuring family functioning. This tool consisted of six subscales each having 7 items and two validation scales that had 10 items each. In its validation, gathering psychometric data from 182 randomly drawn students from a total of 507 in Sebeta College of Special Needs Teachers’ Education and analyzing with SPSS has taken place. As regards of the analysis, the preliminary assumptions like normality, sampling adequacy and sphericity were met implying that the required factor analysis was possible. Subsequent analyses revealed that the psychometric properties of the translated version were tenable. Hence, extraction outputs and loading values for construct validity, Alpha Coefficients for reliability, Pearson correlations for convergent validity, ANOVA for criterion-related validity, expert judgments and loading values of items to their constructs for content validity were fairly acceptable. Thus, determination of the six factors that explained majority of the variance in the scales was realized. Moreover, average values of communality and loading of items for Cohesion and Flexibility, Alpha coefficients, the relations that healthy/unhealthy family functioning had with family communication and satisfaction enabled us address the issues of validations and make decisions like item reductions and retentions. Finally, therefore, as few items in the Afan Oromo version of the FACES-IV had limitations, it was recommended that preceding practitioners should make further validation efforts for its strengths and better applicability.
description: East African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021)
Constraining Primordial Non-Gaussianity with Post-reconstructed Galaxy Bispectrum in Redshift Space
Creators: name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Sugiyama, Naonori S.
name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Kitaura, Francisco-Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy bispectrum is a promising probe of inflationary physics in the early universe as a measure of primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG), whereas its signal-to-noise ratio is significantly affected by the mode coupling due to non-linear gravitational growth. In this paper, we examine the standard reconstruction method of linear cosmic mass density fields from non-linear galaxy density fields to de-correlate the covariance in redshift-space galaxy bispectra. In particular, we evaluate the covariance of the bispectrum for massive-galaxy-sized dark matter halos with reconstruction by using 4000 independent $N$-body simulations. Our results show that the bispectrum covariance for the post-reconstructed field approaches the Gaussian prediction at scale of $k<0.2\, h\, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$. We also verify the leading-order PNG-induced bispectrum is not affected by details of the reconstruction with perturbative theory. We then demonstrate the constraining power of the post-reconstructed bispectrum for PNG at redshift of $\sim0.5$. Further, we perform a Fisher analysis to make a forecast of PNG constraints by galaxy bispectra including anisotropic signals. Assuming a massive galaxy sample in the SDSS Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey, we find that the post-reconstructed bispectrum can constrain the local-, equilateral- and orthogonal-types of PNG with $Δf_{\rm NL} \sim$13, 90 and 42, respectively, improving the constraints with the pre-reconstructed bispectrum by a factor of $1.3-3.2$. In conclusion, the reconstruction plays an essential role in constraining various types of PNG signatures with a level of $Δf_{\rm NL}<1$ from the galaxy bispectrum based on upcoming galaxy surveys.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Supplemental figures and tables from The contractile patterns, anatomy and physiology of the hyoid musculature change longitudinally through infancy
Creators: name: Mayerl, C. J.
name: K. E. Steer
name: A. M. Chava
name: Bond, L. E.
name: C. E. Edmonds
name: F. D. H. Gould
name: B. M. Stricklen
name: T. L. Hieronymous
name: R. Z. German
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: All mammalian infants suckle, a fundamentally different process than drinking in adults. Infant mammal oropharyngeal anatomy is also anteroposteriorly compressed and becomes more elongate postnatally. While suckling and drinking require different patterns of muscle use and kinematics, little insight exists into how the neuromotor and anatomical systems change through the time that infants suckle. We measured the orientation, activity and contractile patterns of five muscles active during infant feeding from early infancy until weaning using a pig model. Muscles not aligned with the long axis of the body became less mediolaterally orientated with age. However, the timing of activation and the contractile patterns of those muscles exhibited little change, although variation was larger in younger infants than older infants. At both ages, there were differences in contractile patterns within muscles active during both sucking and swallowing, as well as variation among muscles during swallowing. The changes in anatomy, coupled with less variation closer to weaning and little change in muscle firing and shortening patterns suggest that the neuromotor system may be optimized to transition to solid foods. The lesser consequences of aspiration during feeding on an all-liquid diet may not necessitate the evolution of variation in neuromotor function through infancy.