cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Depression and anxiety : differing relationships to respiratory sinus arrhythmia
Creators: name: Hibbert, Anita S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Many theoretical models addressing the role of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system in psychopathology predict decreased respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in disorders such as depression and anxiety. However, decreased RSA in depression is not consistently observed across studies. Research on the relationship between anxiety and RSA has also been mixed, but the results may be more robust than that of depression. Before the theoretical models can be re-examined based on these findings, researchers must clarify the nature of these relationships. Specifically, three things should be determined: a) is there a relationship between RSA and depression; b) is there a relationship between anxiety and RSA; and c) could comorbid anxiety in depression be playing a role in the mixed findings to date. This study was specifically designed to address those three questions. Based on the empirical literature, we hypothesized that: 1) depression would have a small but significant relationship to RSA; 2) anxiety would have a significant relationship to RSA that would be stronger than that of depression to RSA; 3) the anxiety-RSA relationship would persist when controlling for depression, whereas the depression-RSA relationship would not persist when controlling for anxiety. Additionally, the Cardiac Sympathetic Index (CSI) was used to explore the potential relationships that depression and anxiety may have with sympathetic-related heart rate variability and sympathovagal balance. One-hundred and twenty-eight physically healthy undergraduate students completed a questionnaire measure assessing depression and anxiety symptoms. Participants’ ECG recordings were taken both at rest and during a stressful arithmetic task to obtain measures of RSA and CSI. Regression analysis revealed a significant inverse relationship between anxiety and RSA, and a marginally significant inverse relationship between depression and RSA, during the stressful arithmetic task. No significant relationships were observed at rest, or with CSI. Importantly, the relationship between anxiety and RSA persisted when controlling for depression, whereas the opposite was not true: the relationship between depression and RSA is almost eliminated when controlling for anxiety. These results suggest that some of the positive findings in the depression- RSA literature may be due to uncontrolled, co-occurring anxiety symptoms.
Additional file 1: of Systematic analysis of the lysine succinylome in the model medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum
Creators: name: Wang, Guangyuan
name: Xu, Lili
name: Yu, Hao
name: Gao, Jie
name: Guo, Lizhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Three mass spectrometry examples of the succinylpeptides (Figure S1); Western blotting analysis with GAPDH antibody and succinyllysine antibody (Figure S2); GO-based enrichment analysis (Figure S3); Domain enrichment analysis of the succinylproteins (Figure S4). (DOC 9793 kb)
Minimal and Robust Composite Two-Qubit Gates with Ising-Type Interaction
Creators: name: Ichikawa, Tsubasa
name: Güngördü, Utkan
name: Bando, Masamitsu
name: Kondo, Yasushi
name: Nakahara, Mikio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a minimal robust controlled-NOT gate with an Ising-type interaction by which elementary two-qubit gates are implemented. It is robust against inaccuracy of the coupling strength and the obtained quantum circuits are constructed with the minimal number (N=3) of elementary two-qubit gates and several one-qubit gates. It is noteworthy that all the robust circuits can be mapped to one-qubit circuits robust against a pulse length error. We also prove that a minimal robust SWAP gate cannot be constructed with N=3, but requires N=6 elementary two-qubit gates.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
The problem of a self-gravitating scalar field with positive cosmological constant
Creators: name: Costa, Joao L.
name: Alho, Artur
name: Natario, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83C05, 35L70

description: We study the Einstein-scalar field system with positive cosmological constant and spherically symmetric characteristic initial data given on a truncated null cone. We prove well-posedness, global existence and exponential decay in (Bondi) time, for small data. From this, it follows that initial data close enough to de Sitter data evolves to a causally geodesically complete spacetime (with boundary), which approaches a region of de Sitter asymptotically at an exponential rate; this is a non-linear stability result for de Sitter within the class under consideration, as well as a realization of the cosmic no-hair conjecture.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor changes, references added, matches final published version
Psychological Suffering in Essential Tremor: A Study of Patients and Those Who Are Close to Them
Creators: name: Monin, Joan K.
name: Gutierrez, Jesus
name: Kellner, Sarah
name: Morgan, Sarah
name: Collins, Kathleen
name: Rohl, Brittany
name: Migliore, Fanny
name: Cosentino, Stephanie
name: Huey, Edward D.
name: Louis, Elan D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Tremor
subject: Movement disorders--Patients
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Suffering

description: Background: Although the motor and non-motor features of essential tremor (ET) have been characterized in detail, it is not known whether ET patients suffer psychologically and whether those who are close to them consider them to be suffering in this way.

Methods: Fifty ET patients and 50 “close others” (COs), identified by patients “as someone who knows you well and sees you often” and who can “provide a different perspective on your well-being”, reported their own depressive symptoms, daily stress, and perceptions of patient psychological suffering and patient overall suffering with validated scales. ET patients’ tremor severity, duration, disability, cognition, and number of medications were also assessed.

Results: ET patients reported levels of psychological suffering within the range documented in arthritis and dementia patients from previous studies, and COs perceived significantly more psychological suffering in patients than patients reported themselves. Regression models, controlling for tremor severity, duration, and disability revealed that patients’ greater psychological suffering was associated with greater patient depression. The greater perceptions of COs of patient psychological and overall suffering were associated with greater CO depression and daily stress. Sensitivity analysis showed that patients’ cognitive status or number of medications did not affect the results.

Discussion: Multidisciplinary teams caring for ET patients should look beyond simple clinical ET indicators. They should be aware of patient experiences and perceptions of COs of psychological and overall suffering. This will help guide the development of evidence-based, supportive interventions that improve communication about the needs of ET patients and those who are close to them.
Dirac Hamiltonian with Imaginary Mass and Induced Helicity-Dependence by Indefinite Metric
Creators: name: Jentschura, U. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is of general theoretical interest to investigate the properties of superluminal matter wave equations for spin one-half particles. One can either enforce superluminal propagation by an explicit substitution of the real mass term for an imaginary mass, or one can use a matrix representation of the imaginary unit that multiplies the mass term. The latter leads to the tachyonic Dirac equation, while the equation obtained by the substitution m->i*m in the Dirac equation is naturally referred to as the imaginary-mass Dirac equation. Both the tachyonic as well as the imaginary-mass Dirac Hamiltonians commute with the helicity operator. Both Hamiltonians are pseudo-Hermitian and also possess additional modified pseudo-Hermitian properties, leading to constraints on the resonance eigenvalues. Here, by an explicit calculation, we show that specific sum rules over the spectrum hold for the wave functions corresponding to the well-defined real energy eigenvalues and complex resonance and anti-resonance energies. In the quantized imaginary-mass Dirac field, one-particle states of right-handed helicity acquire a negative norm ("indefinite metric") and can be excluded from the physical spectrum by a Gupta--Bleuler type condition.
description: 8 pages; RevTeX; published in J.Mod.Phys
Supersolid Vortex Crystals in Rydberg-dressed Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Henkel, N.
name: Cinti, F.
name: Jain, P.
name: Pupillo, G.
name: Pohl, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study rotating quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein-condensates, in which atoms are dressed to a highly excited Rydberg state. This leads to weak effective interactions that induce a transition to a mesoscopic supersolid state. Considering slow rotation, we determine its superfluidity using Quantum Monte-Carlo simulations as well as mean field calculations. For rapid rotation, the latter reveal an interesting competition between the supersolid crystal structure and the rotation-induced vortex lattice that gives rise to new phases, including arrays of mesoscopic vortex crystals.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Sertraline-induced Hemichorea
Creators: name: Gatto, Emilia
name: Aldinio, Victoria
name: Parisi, Virginia
name: Persi, Gabriel
name: Da Prat, Gustavo
name: Bullrich, Maria Bres
name: Sanchez, Pilar
name: Rojas, Galeno
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Chorea
Serotonin uptake inhibitors
Sertraline
Neurology

description: Background: Hemichorea–hemiballism is a syndrome secondary to different etiologies. Drug-induced hemichorea is a rare syndrome related to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. To the best of our knowledge, no previous cases of hemichorea associated with sertraline have been reported.

Case Report: A 65-year-old female noticed hemichorea 1 week after initiation of sertraline. After extensive investigations, other causes of hemichorea were excluded. Hemichorea remitted after sertraline withdrawal.

Discussion: In our patient, temporal association and the negative clinical assessment supported a diagnosis of likely drug-induced involuntary movement. We hypothesized that enhanced serotonergic transmission in the ventral tegmental area or nigrostriatum may be involved in sertraline-induced hemichorea.
Magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances in ultracold Li-Yb mixtures
Creators: name: Brue, Daniel A.
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of forming Li+Yb ultracold molecules by magnetoassociation in mixtures of ultracold atoms. We find that magnetically tunable Feshbach resonances exist, but are extremely narrow for even-mass ytterbium isotopes, which all have zero spin. For odd-mass Yb isotopes, however, there is a new mechanism due to hyperfine coupling between the electron spin and the Yb nuclear magnetic moment. This mechanism produces Feshbach resonances for fermionic Yb isotopes that can be more than 2 orders of magnitude larger than for the bosonic counterparts.
description: Version amended to respond to referees' comments, including corrected values for resonance widths. 5 pages, 3 figures
Severe Bilateral Kinetic Tremor Due to Unilateral Midbrain Lesions
Creators: name: Esmaeilzadeh, Majid
name: Uksul, Nesrin
name: Krauss, Joachim K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Tremor
Brain--Wounds and injuries
Movement disorders
Neurology
Mesencephalon
Cerebral peduncle

description: Background: The dentatothalamic tract connects the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum with the contralateral thalamus and plays a major role in the pathogenesis of tremor. Unilateral lesions of the dentatothalamic pathway may affect its ipsilateral predecussational or its contralateral postdecussational course, which results either in ipsilateral or in contralateral tremor.

Case Report: Here, we present two patients with a unilateral midbrain lesion resulting in bilateral tremor. Both patients presented with severe kinetic tremor.

Discussion: The corresponding unilateral mesencephalic lesion affected both the ipsilateral predecussational and the ipsilateral postdecussational dentatothalamic tract originating from the contralateral dentate nucleus, which is very unusual and has not been outlined clearly before.
Higher-point correlations from the JIMWLK evolution
Creators: name: Iancu, E.
name: Triantafyllopoulos, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new approximation scheme aiming at extracting higher-point correlation functions from the JIMWLK evolution, in the limit where the number of colors is large. Namely, we show that by exploiting the structure of the 'virtual' terms in the Balitsky-JIMWLK equations, one can derive functional relations expressing arbitrary n-point functions of the Wilson lines in terms of the 2-point function (the scattering amplitude for a color dipole). These approximations are correct not only in the regime of strong scattering, where the evolution is indeed controlled by the 'virtual' terms, but also in the regime of weak scattering, where they reduce to the corresponding BFKL solutions. This last feature follows from the fact that the JIMWLK Hamiltonian is a linear combination of the pieces responsible for the 'real' and 'virtual' terms, respectively. We apply this scheme to two examples: the 'color quadrupole' (the 4-point function of the Wilson lines which enters the cross-section for the production of a pair of jets at forward rapidities) and the 'color sextupole' (the 6-point function). For particular configurations of the quadrupole, our general formula reduces to relatively simple expressions that have been previously proposed on the basis of the McLerran-Venugopalan model and which were recently shown to agree quite well with exact, numerical, solutions to the JIMWLK equation.
description: v3: 22 pages, 1 figure, minor corrections, published in JHEP
title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð»Ð°Ð·ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ (SLS) Ñ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Development of powder composition for selective laser sintering (SLS) with high chemical resistance
Creators: name: Ð¦Ð¸Ð²Ð¸Ð»ÐµÐ², ÐÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð½
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ð¡Ð¿ÐµÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ (ÑÐµÑ Ð½.)
ÐÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ
ÐÐ¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ
3Ð-Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑ
Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑ
Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ
Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð» Ð´Ð»Ñ 3Ð-Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸
3D-printing
chemical resistance
powder compo-sition
material for 3D-printing

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð° Ð´Ð»Ñ SLS-Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ. ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ: 1. Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²; 2. Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð²; 4. ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð°; 4. Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð°; 5. ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. Ð ÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¼ÐµÑÐ¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ SLS-Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸. Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ.
description: This work is devoted to the development of composition for SLS-printing with high chemical resistance. The tasks that were solved in the course of the work are: 1. study of existing materials; 2. study of the features of chemically resistant polymers; 3. literature review; 4. development of the composition; 5. study of properties of the obtained composition; 6. development of technical recommendations for use. The result of this work is the developed composition of powder mixture for SLS-printing. Practical and technical recommendations for use are developed.
What Drives the Growth of Black Holes?
Creators: name: Alexander, David M.
name: Hickox, Ryan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive black holes (BHs) are at once exotic and yet ubiquitous, residing in the centers of massive galaxies in the local Universe. Recent years have seen remarkable advances in our understanding of how these BHs form and grow over cosmic time, during which they are revealed as active galactic nuclei (AGN). However, despite decades of research, we still lack a coherent picture of the physical drivers of BH growth, the connection between the growth of BHs and their host galaxies, the role of large-scale environment on the fueling of BHs, and the impact of BH-driven outflows on the growth of galaxies. In this paper we review our progress in addressing these key issues, motivated by the science presented at the "What Drives the Growth of Black Holes?" workshop held at Durham on 26th-29th July 2010, and discuss how these questions may be tackled with current and future facilities.
description: 42 pages, 8 figures; Extensive review to appear in New Astronomy Reviews; v2: typos corrected in Eqns. (1) and (10)
Efficient FMM accelerated vortex methods in three dimensions via the Lamb-Helmholtz decomposition
Creators: name: Gumerov, Nail A.
name: Duraiswami, Ramani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Vortex element methods are often used to efficiently simulate incompressible flows using Lagrangian techniques. Use of the FMM (Fast Multipole Method) allows considerable speed up of both velocity evaluation and vorticity evolution terms in these methods. Both equations require field evaluation of constrained (divergence free) vector valued quantities (velocity, vorticity) and cross terms from these. These are usually evaluated by performing several FMM accelerated sums of scalar harmonic functions. We present a formulation of the vortex methods based on the Lamb-Helmholtz decomposition of the velocity in terms of two scalar potentials. In its original form, this decomposition is not invariant with respect to translation, violating a key requirement for the FMM. One of the key contributions of this paper is a theory for translation for this representation. The translation theory is developed by introducing "conversion" operators, which enable the representation to be restored in an arbitrary reference frame. Using this form, extremely efficient vortex element computations can be made, which need evaluation of just two scalar harmonic FMM sums for evaluating the velocity and vorticity evolution terms. Details of the decomposition, translation and conversion formulae, and sample numerical results are presented.
Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia
Creators: name: Paucar, Martin
name: Malmgren, Helena
name: Svenningsson, Per
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Movement disorders
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Carbamazepine

description: Background: Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) is a rare condition associated with heterozygous mutations in the PRRT2 gene.

Phenomenology shown: In this letter we illustrate the phenomenology of PKD in a man previously misdiagnosed as Tourette’s syndrome.

Educational value: Regardless of underlying phenotype, PKD is highly responsive to some antiepileptic drugs.
Mitochondrial genome variation in healthy aging
Creators: name: Fornika, Daniel John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Mitochondria are thought to play a role in the aging process through their production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and their regulation of cell fate via senescence and apoptosis. We hypothesize that genetic variation in the mitochondrial genome may explain a portion of the phenotypic variance in the development of long-term good health. To test this hypothesis, we have performed genetic association tests on a set of common mitochondrial polymorphisms, in a study of 419 exceptionally healthy seniors (cases) and 415 population-based mid-life individuals (controls). Variant discovery was performed using Sanger sequencing of 834 individuals for the 1.1 kb non-coding mitochondrial control region, and identiﬁed 277 SNPs present in at least one individual. A set of 92 mitochondrial coding-region SNPs were chosen via pooled high-throughput sequencing, combined with a previously-published set of European-speciﬁc mitochondrial tag SNPs. After ﬁltering for minor-allele frequency of > 10%, a set of nine control-region SNPs and seven coding-region SNPs were tested for association with healthy aging. None showed a statistically-signiﬁcant association signal. Additionally, one control-region variant that had shown association in an Italian centenarian population was tested in our sample set, but the association was not replicated.
Integrated Pearson family and orthogonality of the Rodrigues polynomials: A review including new results and an alternative classification of the Pearson system
Creators: name: Afendras, Giorgos
name: Papadatos, Nickos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62E15, 60E05 (Primary), 62-00, 33C45, 33D45, 42C05 (Secondary)

description: An alternative classification of the Pearson family of probability densities is related to the orthogonality of the corresponding Rodrigues polynomials. This leads to a subset of the ordinary Pearson system, the Integrated Pearson Family. Basic properties of this family are discussed and reviewed, and some new results are presented. A detailed comparison between the integrated Pearson family and the ordinary Pearson system is presented, including an algorithm that enables to decide whether a given Pearson density belongs to the integrated system, or not. Recurrences between the derivatives of the corresponding orthonormal polynomial systems are also given.
description: Dedicated to Professor V. Papathanasiou. 45 pages, including a Table with all integrating Pearson densities (Table 2.1 on p.8)
Primordial Black Holes from Passive Density Fluctuations
Creators: name: Lin, Chia-Min
name: Ng, Kin-Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show that if passive fluctuations are considered, primordial black holes (PBHs) can be easily produced in the framework of single-field, slow-roll inflation models. The formation of PBHs is due to the blue spectrum of passive fluctuations and an enhancement of the spectral range which exits horizon near the end of inflation. Therefore the PBHs are light with masses $\lesssim 10^{15}g$ depending on the number of e-folds when the scale of our observable universe leaves horizon. These PBHs are likely to have evaporated and cannot be a candidate for dark matter but they may still affect the early universe.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Physics Letters B
GARLIC: GAmma Reconstruction at a LInear Collider experiment
Creators: name: Jeans, Daniel
name: Brient, Jean-Claude
name: Reinhard, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise measurement of hadronic jet energy is crucial to maximise the physics reach of a future Linear Collider. An important ingredient required to achieve this is the efficient identification of photons within hadronic showers. One configuration of the ILD detector concept employs a highly granular silicon-tungsten sampling calorimeter to identify and measure photons, and the GARLIC algorithm described in this paper has been developed to identify photons in such a calorimeter. We describe the algorithm and characterise its performance using events fully simulated in a model of the ILD detector.
Coronal radiation of a cusp of spun-up stars and the X-ray luminosity of Sgr A*
Creators: name: Sazonov, S.
name: Sunyaev, R.
name: Revnivtsev, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chandra has detected optically thin, thermal X-ray emission with a size of ~1 arcsec and luminosity ~10^33 erg/s from the direction of the Galactic supermassive black hole (SMBH), Sgr A*. We suggest that a significant or even dominant fraction of this signal may be produced by several thousand late-type main-sequence stars that possibly hide in the central ~0.1 pc region of the Galaxy. As a result of tidal spin-ups caused by close encounters with other stars and stellar remnants, these stars should be rapidly rotating and hence have hot coronae, emitting copious amounts of X-ray emission with temperatures kT
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
Absence of static stripes in the two-dimensional $t{-}J$ model by an accurate and systematic quantum Monte Carlo approach
Creators: name: Hu, Wen-Jun
name: Becca, Federico
name: Sorella, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the two-dimensional $t{-}J$ model by using variational approach combined with well established quantum Monte Carlo techniques [S. Sorella {\it et al.}, \prl {\bf 88}, 117002 (2002)] that are used to improve systematically the accuracy of the variational ansatz. Contrary to recent density-matrix renormalization group and projected entangled-pair state calculations [P. Corboz {\it et al.}, \prb {\bf 84}, 041108(R) (2011)], a uniform phase is found for $J/t=0.4$, even when the calculation is biased with an ansatz that explicitly contains stripe order. Moreover, in the small hole doping regime, i.e., $δ\lesssim 0.1$, our results support the coexistence of antiferromagnetism and superconductivity.
description: Physical Review B 85, 081110(R) (2012)
Tunneling during Quantum Collapse in AdS Spacetime
Creators: name: Vaz, Cenalo
name: Lochan, Kinjalk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend previous results on the reflection and transmission of self-gravitating dust shells across the apparent horizon during quantum dust collapse to non-marginally-bound dust collapse in arbitrary dimensions with a negative cosmological constant. We show that the Hawking temperature is independent of the energy function and that the wave functional describing the collapse is well behaved at the Hawking-Page transition point. Thermal radiation from the apparent horizon appears as a generic result of non-marginal collapse in AdS space-time owing to the singular structure of the Hamiltonian constraint at the apparent horizon.
description: 14 pages. No figures. Title changed to published version
Absence of Acanthocytosis in Huntington’s Disease-like 2: A Prospective Comparison with Huntington’s Disease
Creators: name: Anderson, David
name: Carmona, Sergio
name: Naidoo, Kubendran
name: Coetzer, Theresa L.
name: Carter, Jonathan
name: Rudnicki, Dobrila D.
name: Walker, Ruth H.
name: Margolis, Russell
name: Krause, Amanda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Movement disorders
Huntington's disease
Neurology
Chorea

description: Background: Huntington’s Disease-like 2 (HDL2) is classified as a neuroacanthocytosis; however, this remains unverified. We aim to determine if acanthocytes are present in HDL2 and whether acanthocytes can differentiate HDL2 from Huntington’s disease (HD).

Methods: We prospectively compared 13 HD and 12 HDL2 cases against 21 unaffected controls in Johannesburg. Blood smears were prepared using international standards and reviewed by at least two blinded reviewers. An acanthocytosis rate of greater than 1.2% in the dry smear or greater than 3.7% in the wet smear was designated a priori as the threshold for clinical significance based on previously established standards. Flow cytometry was performed on all but four of the cases. Red cell membrane protein analysis was performed on all participants.

Results: There were 12 HDL2, 13 HD, and 21 controls enrolled. None of the HD or HDL2 participants had defined acanthocytosis or other morphological abnormalities. None of the HD or HDL2 cases had evidence of an abnormal band 3.

Discussion: Acanthocytosis was not identified in either HDL2 or HD in our patient population. Our results, based on the first prospective study of acanthocytes in HDL2 or HD, suggest that screening for acanthocytes will not help establish the diagnosis of HD or HDL2, nor differentiate between the two disorders and raises the question if HDL2 should be placed within the neuroacanthocytosis syndromes.
Some Exact Ramsey-Turán Numbers
Creators: name: Balogh, József
name: Lenz, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let r be an integer, f(n) a function, and H a graph. Introduced by Erdős, Hajnal, Sós, and Szemerédi, the r-Ramsey-Turán number of H, RT_r(n, H, f(n)), is defined to be the maximum number of edges in an n-vertex, H-free graph G with α_r(G) <= f(n) where α_r(G) denotes the K_r-independence number of G. In this note, using isoperimetric properties of the high dimensional unit sphere, we construct graphs providing lower bounds for RT_r(n,K_{r+s},o(n)) for every 2 <= s <= r. These constructions are sharp for an infinite family of pairs of r and s. The only previous sharp construction was by Bollobás and Erd\Hos for r = s = 2.
description: 11 pages
A novel pathway to sequester ASC at mitochondria-associated membranes dampens inflammasome activation during early Salmonella infection
Creators: name: Fang, Yuan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Salmonella enterica is an intracellular bacterial pathogen that injects effector proteins into host cells and induces rapid cell death. Mitochondria associated membranes (MAMs) are important contact sites between mitochondria and ER and selectively facilitate Ca²⁺ uptake from ER lumen into mitochondria. In the context of early Salmonella infection of THP-1 cells, a discontinuous sucrose gradient was used in combination with Stable Isotope Labeling by Amino acids in Cell culture (SILAC) to profile organelle proteomes. Protein profiles were generated for >800 mitochondria and ER proteins. I observed unique protein recruitments to MAMs during early Salmonella infection. The inflammasome adaptor protein, ASC is co-purified with MAM markers. SILAC immunoprecipitation (IP) experiments showed that ASC interacts directly with the VDAC/Stress-70 complex at MAMs, suggesting that ASC is specifically recruited to MAMs during Salmonella infection. SILAC IP experiments identified an interaction between Flightless-I and ASC. Flightless-I is an actin binding protein and also interacts with Salmonella flagellin (FliC). siRNA knockdown of Flightless-I and mitofusin 2 (a structural protein of MAMs) both leads to significant increase of IL-1β during Salmonella infection. Simultaneous knockdown of Flightless-I and mitofusin 2 does not have additive effect, suggesting that they are in the same pathway to dampen inflammasome activation. Actin isolation experiments showed that ASC is enriched at actin filaments during Salmonella infection. Therefore, I proposed a model that during early Salmonella infection, FliC interacts with Flightless-I that then interacts with and transports ASC to MAMs via actin filaments. This process specifically sequesters ASC at MAMs to dampen inflammasome activation in the cytosol. Experimental data from ΔfliCΔfljB Salmonella infection of THP-1 cells and inflammasome reconstitution in 293T cells supported this model. This study was the first characterization of MAM protein composition during bacterial infection. Furthermore, enrichment of ASC at MAMs was identified during early Salmonella infection, with Flightless-I interacting with and transporting ASC to MAMs via actin filaments at the presence of Salmonella flagellin. This novel pathway dampened the inflammasome activation during early Salmonella infection. This is the first report of the negative regulation of pyroptosis by Salmonella flagellin.
Critical Cosmology in Higher Order Gravity
Creators: name: Kan, Nahomi
name: Kobayashi, Koichiro
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the higher order terms of curvatures in Lagrangians of the scale factor for the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universe, which are linear in the second derivative of the scale factor with respect to cosmic time. It is shown that they are composed from the Lovelock tensors at the first step; iterative construction yields arbitrarily high order terms. The relation to the former work on higher order gravity is discussed. Despite the absence of scalar degrees of freedom in cosmological models which come from our Lagrangian, it is shown that an inflationary behavior of the scale factor can be found. The application to the thick brane solutions is also studied.
description: 17 pages, no figure. RevTeX4. typos fixed
Holmes Tremor Secondary to a Stabbing Lesion in the Midbrain
Creators: name: Cury, Rubens G.
name: Barbosa, Egberto R.
name: Freitas, Christian
name: De Souza Godoy, Luis Filipe
name: Paiva, Wellingson Silva
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Movement disorders
Brain--Wounds and injuries
Tremor

description: Background: The development of Holmes tremor (HT) after a direct lesion of the midbrain has rarely been reported in the literature, although several etiologies have been linked with HT, such as stroke, brainstem tumors, multiple sclerosis, head trauma, or infections.

Phenomenology Shown: A 31-year-old male, having been stabbed in the right eye, presented with a rest and action tremor in the left upper limb associated with left hemiparesis with corresponding post-contrast volumetric magnetic resonance imaging T1 with sagittal oblique reformation showing the knife trajectory reaching the right midbrain.

Educational Value: Despite the rarity of the etiology of HT in the present case, clinicians working with persons with brain injuries should be aware of this type of situation.
The Right Way to Build Peace in Congo
Creators: name: Autesserre, Severine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Peace-building
subject: Elections
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Last installment of a debate started with "What the Uproar Over Congo's Elections Misses" (Severine Autesserre, Foreign Affairs, 2017, also available through Academic Commons)
Recollimation Boundary Layers in Relativistic Jets
Creators: name: Kohler, Susanna
name: Begelman, Mitchell C.
name: Beckwith, Kris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collimation of relativistic hydrodynamic jets by the pressure of an ambient medium in the limit where the jet interior has lost causal contact with its surroundings. For a jet with an ultrarelativistic equation of state and external pressure that decreases as a power of spherical radius, p \propto r^(-eta), the jet interior will lose causal contact when eta > 2. However, the outer layers of the jet gradually collimate toward the jet axis as long as eta < 4, leading to the formation of a shocked boundary layer. Assuming that pressure-matching across the shock front determines the shape of the shock, we study the resulting structure of the jet in two ways: first by assuming that the pressure remains constant across the shocked boundary layer and looking for solutions to the shock jump equations, and then by constructing self-similar boundary-layer solutions that allow for a pressure gradient across the shocked layer. We demonstrate that the constant-pressure solutions can be characterized by four initial parameters that determine the jet shape and whether the shock closes to the axis. We show that self-similar solutions for the boundary layer can be constructed that exhibit a monotonic decrease in pressure across the boundary layer from the contact discontinuity to the shock front, and that the addition of this pressure gradient in our initial model generally causes the shock front to move outwards, creating a thinner boundary layer and decreasing the tendency of the shock to close. We discuss trends based on the value of the pressure power-law index eta.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Accepted to MNRAS; minor revisions from original submitted version
The size, luminosity and motion of the extreme carbon star IRC+10216 (CW Leonis)
Creators: name: Menten, K. M.
name: Reid, M. J.
name: Kaminski, T.
name: Claussen, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very Large Array observations of the extreme carbon star IRC+10216 at 7 mm wavelength with 40 milli-arcsecond resolution resolve the object's radio emission, which forms an almost round uniform disk of 83 milli arcseconds diameter, corresponding to 11 AU (for an assumed distance of 130 pc). We find a brightness temperature of 1630 K for the radio photosphere. Since the emission is optically thick, we can directly estimate IRC+10216's average luminosity, which is 8600 L(Sun). This value is in excellent agreement with what is predicted from the period-luminosity relation for carbon-rich Miras. Assuming an effective temperature of 2750 K for IRC+10216, it implies an optical photospheric diameter of 3.8 AU. Our precise determination of IRC+10216's proper motion fits the picture presented by far-ultraviolet and far-infrared wavelength observations of its interaction region with the interstellar medium (its "astrosphere"): the star moves roughly in the direction expected from the morphology of the termination shock and its astrotail structures. Calculation of its three dimensional velocity and an analysis of the kinematics of its surrounding interstellar medium (ISM) suggest an appreciable relative velocity of 42 km s/s, which is about half the value discussed in recent studies. This suggests a lower (time-averaged) mass loss rate and/or a higher ISM density than previously assumed.
description: 9 pages incl. 2 appendices, 4+2 figures
Functional kernel estimators of large conditional quantiles
Creators: name: Gardes, Laurent
name: Girard, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We address the estimation of conditional quantiles when the covariate is functional and when the order of the quantiles converges to one as the sample size increases. In a first time, we investigate to what extent these large conditional quantiles can still be estimated through a functional kernel estimator of the conditional survival function. Sufficient conditions on the rate of convergence of their order to one are provided to obtain asymptotically Gaussian distributed estimators. In a second time, basing on these result, a functional Weissman estimator is derived, permitting to estimate large conditional quantiles of arbitrary large order. These results are illustrated on finite sample situations.
What the Uproar Over Congo's Elections Misses
Creators: name: Autesserre, Severine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Elections
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Crisis management
subject: Peace

description: Over the past year, as the Democratic Republic of the Congo has descended into a political crisis, journalists, activists, foreign diplomats, and the leaders of international and nongovernmental organizations have focused mostly on the drama surrounding President Joseph Kabila’s attempts to cling to power by delaying elections.

This narrow political focus recalls the outside world’s approach to Congo the last times the country prepared for general elections, in 2006 and 2011. Now, as then, the preoccupation with elections distracts from the issues whose resolutions are most likely to lead to peace: the poverty, unemployment, corruption, criminality, and poor access to land, justice, and education that are at the root of Congo’s long-standing violence.

Bringing peace and prosperity to Congo will require a change in attitude, away from the crisis in Kinshasa and toward the local actors who have the power to address the deeper sources of the country's troubles.
Fourth-generation SM imprints in B -> K^*l^+l^- decays with polarized K^*
Creators: name: Ahmed, Aqeel
name: Ahmed, Ishtiaq
name: Aslam, M. Jamil
name: Junaid, M.
name: Paracha, M. Ali
name: Rehman, Abdur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The implication of the fourth-generation quarks in the B -> K^*l^+l^- (l=mu,tau) decays, when K^* meson is longitudinally or transversely polarized, is presented. In this context, the dependence of the branching ratio with polarized K^* and the helicity fractions (f_{L,T}) of K^* meson are studied. It is observed that the polarized branching ratios as well as helicity fractions are sensitive to the NP parameters, especially when the final state leptons are tauons. Hence the measurements of these observables at LHC can serve as a good tool to investigate the indirect searches of new physics beyond the Standard Model.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, V2: some of the graphs are modified according to the new data from recent experiments. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1107.5694
The Role of Innovation and the Digital Economy: New Opportunities and Challenges for Chinese, US and European Economic Policy
Creators: name: Phelps, Edmund S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Economics--Political aspects
Entrepreneurship
Technological innovations

description: What is the “role”of innovation? America’s great era of innovation – from the 1820s to the 1960s – was pervasive, extending to virtually all industries and enlisting ordinary people from the grassroots on up. Abraham Lincoln exclaimed in 1858 that “young America has a great passion – a perfect rage – for the new.” As argued in my book Mass Flourishing, this innovating was an engaging and sometimes exhilarating experience. People were involved in their work and had a sense of taking action and of achieving things. Now, statistical analyses show that a low rate of innovation in a country is a reliable
predictor of low life satisfaction.

From this perspective, let us examine the significant shifts over the past year or two in the economic organization and political landscape of China, the U.S. and France.
Distributed Function Computation with Confidentiality
Creators: name: Tyagi, Himanshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A set of terminals observe correlated data and seek to compute functions of the data using interactive public communication. At the same time, it is required that the value of a private function of the data remains concealed from an eavesdropper observing this communication. In general, the private function and the functions computed by the nodes can be all different. We show that a class of functions are securely computable if and only if the conditional entropy of data given the value of private function is greater than the least rate of interactive communication required for a related multiterminal source-coding task. A single-letter formula is provided for this rate in special cases.
description: To Appear in IEEE JSAC: In-Network Computation: Exploring the Fundamental Limits, April 2013
Additional file 1 of Effects of qigong exercise on the physical and mental health of college students: a systematic review and Meta-analysis
Creators: name: Lin, Jianping
name: Gao, Yi fang
name: Guo, Yue
name: Li, Ming
name: Zhu, Yuxiang
name: You, Ruoshi
name: Chen, Shaoqing
name: Wang, Shizhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1: Figure S1. Sensitivity analysis of the effect of Qigong interventions on depression
Monopoles, magnetricity and the stray field from spin ice
Creators: name: Blundell, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis is presented of the behaviour of muons in the low-temperature state in spin ice. It is shown in detail how the behavior observed in some previous muon experiments on spin ice in a weak transverse field may result from the macroscopic stray field of magnetized spin ice. A model is presented which allows these macroscopic field effects to be simulated and the results agree with experiment. The persistent spin dynamics at low temperature originate from the sample and could be a muon-induced implantation effect that is operative in out-of-equilibrium systems with long relaxation times.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures