Pygmodeon obscurum Martins, Galileo & Santos-Silva, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Martins, Ubirajara R.
name: Galileo, Maria Helena M.
name: Santos-Silva, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Pygmodeon
Pygmodeon obscurum

description: Pygmodeon obscurum sp. nov.
(Figs. 23–26)
Holotype female. Integument black: head, mandibles, scape, pedicel, distal end of antennomeres III and IV, prothorax (except for brown distal band, which extends from the side to the procoxal cavity), almost entire distal half of elytra and distal end of femora. Integument reddish-brown: meso- and metathorax, little more than basal half of elytra (except for yellowish areas, semi-transparent), profemora, almost entire peduncle of mesofemora, base of peduncle of metafemora, and basal two-thirds of urosternite I. Integument dark-brown: antennomeres (except for apex of antennomeres II and IV), apex of peduncle and entire club of mesofemora (except on distal extremity), metafemora (except for base and distal extremity), tibiae, tarsi, distal third of urosternite I, urosternites II–V. Integument yellowish and semi-transparent: wide, curved band, starting at center of basal fifth of elytra and extending to the epipleura, approximately at apex of basal third; curved band, ascendant, from epipleura, just below basal half, to approximately apex of distal third (reaching suture, narrowed from epipleura to suture).
Frons coarse, anastomosedly punctate (mostly laterally), within some of these punctures with minor punctures. Coronal suture well-distinct to after eyes. Area between upper eye lobes with finer punctures than on frons, laterally more grouped; area between eyes and margin of prothorax with fine, sparse punctures. Antennal tubercles elevated, acute at apex. Submentum with transverse in semicircle striae. Distance between upper eye lobes equal to 0.5 times length of scape; distance between lower eye lobes, in frontal view, equal to 0.7 times length of scape. Antennae length equal to 2.0 times elytral length; reaching elytral apex at base of antennomere IX; antennal formula based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.47; pedicel = 0.22; IV = 0.69; V = 0.91; VI = 0.98; VII = 0.96; VIII = 0.86; IX = 0.79; X = 0.65; XI = 0.71.
Pronotum with longitudinal central, well-distinct carina; shallow, circular depression at sides of area in front of carina; inside depressions, between and in front of them, coarse, deeply, sparsely punctate; sides of carina, fine, sparsely punctate; pubescence distinct between base and central carina, little conspicuous at rest of disk; with long, sparse setae throughout. Basal half of prosternum with V-shaped pubescent area; anterior half fine, transversely striate. Metasternum with pubescence not obliterating integument, laterally more distinct, interspersed with long, sparse setae. Scutellum pubescent. Elytra with coarse, sparse punctures; with long, sparse setae; apex with long projection at outer angle, short at sutural angle.
Apex of femora with rounded lobes. Urosternites with very short pubescence not obliterating integument, interspersed with long, sparse setae.
Variability (paratype female): Antennomeres III–V reddish-brown with apical end black; distal band from side to procoxal cavity, dark-brown; yellowish band at basal third of elytra, slightly conspicuous and less translucent; mesofemora reddish-brown, except for distal end blackish; tibiae reddish-brown on some areas; apex of urosternites blackish.
Dimensions in mm (female). Total length, 8.6–11.1; length of prothorax at center, 1.8–2.3; anterior width of prothorax, 1.3–1.5; posterior width of prothorax, 1.2–1.4; humeral width, 1.7–2.1; elytral length, 5.7–7.3. Largest dimensions are those of the holotype.
Type material. Holotype and paratype female, BRAZIL, Bahia: Aracatu (“Fazenda Lagoa do Tamburi”; "área de Caatinga arbórea"; 14º30.961’S / 41º27.512’W), 21.XII.2012 (holotype), 21–22.XII.2012 (paratype), A. S. Ferreira & L. G. F. Sodré col. (MZUSP).
Etymology. Latin, obscurus = dark; relating to the black color of head.
Remarks. Pygmodeon obscurum differs from P. involutum (Bates, 1870) as follows: pronotum with longitudinal central carina conspicuous (absent or slightly distinct in P. involutum); pronotum entirely black (with light areas in P. involutum); elytra without X-shaped brown spot (present in P. involutum). It differs from P. ditelum (Bates, 1872) by the pronotum entirely black (mainly reddish-brown in P. ditelum), black area of elytra covering almost entire apical half (restrict to distal third in P. ditelum), anterior yellowish spot of elytra ascending from side towards center of anterior fifth (descending from margin in P. ditelum), yellowish more distal spot of elytra placed near middle (at distal third in P. ditelum), and by the elytral apex with projections (rounded in P. ditelum).
In the key to South American species of Pygmodeon from Martins (2009), P. obscurum can be included in the alternative of couplet "1":
1 Elytral apex with external spine......................................................................... 1a - Elytral apex unarmed. Venezuela .................................................... P. staurotum Martins, 1970 1a(1) Almost all distal half of elytra entirely black. Brazil (Bahia)................................... P. obscurum sp. nov. - At most, the distal third of elytra black or other color patterns at distal half........................................ 2
description: Published as part of Martins, Ubirajara R., Galileo, Maria Helena M. & Santos-Silva, Antonio, 2015, New taxa and new records in Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) from the state of Bahia (Brazil) and notes on Meridiotroctes (Acanthoderini), pp. 271-299 in Zootaxa 3973 (2) on pages 279-280, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3973.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/237561