cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Association of changes in frailty status with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in older people: results from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)
Creators: name: Wang, Ziqiong
name: Ruan, Haiyan
name: Li, Liying
name: Song, Ningying
name: He, Sen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: eFigure 1. Stratified analyses by potential modifiers of the association between changes in frailty status and risk of all-cause mortality.
Scott Davidson: Going Grey: The Mediation of Politics in an Ageing Society
Creators: name: Haakenstad Godli, Petter
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2015

description: Book Review

Scott Davidson (2012): Going Grey: The Mediation of Politics in an Ageing Society. Farnham: Ashgate. 195 pages. ISBN: 9781409433927. Price: £60.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 7, No 2 (2015): Youth Quotas
Lab-tokens: a case-based approach to integrate basic and clinical sciences
Creators: name: Buxbaum, Engelbert
name: Blanchetot, Alain
name: Larsen, Niels
name: Meisenberg, Gerhard
name: Aidi Yin
name: Averill, David B.
name: Wright, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2018

description: In order to help students integrate basic science and clinical concepts, we use an approach where students solve a clinical case and then answer questions relating to the case. In order to arrive at the correct diagnosis, students have to order exams and lab tests, and pay for them from a restricted budget, represented by “tokens”. To order tests in a proper sequence (search to confirmatory) students need a good understanding of the science behind the disease, how tests work, and how they are interpreted.

Both students and faculty enjoy this new format, which is very flexible and can be easily adjusted for different learning objectives.
欧盟投资协定与寻求新平衡：自由放任主义到嵌入式自由主义
Creators: Titi, Catharine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: 在2012年6月的一份内部文件中，欧盟委员会贸易总局提出未来欧盟投资协定（EUIAs）应与维护缔约国政策空间的欧盟自由贸易协定（FIAs）一样，将监管的灵活性纳入其中。可预计在欧盟谈判议程上的一系列条约将在近期达成，并且考虑到加拿大和美国已经发生政策转变，因此需要考虑在投资条约的传统自由放任主义向WTO法律的嵌入式自由主义转变的过程中寻求一个新的平衡，后者是自由主义借以嵌入到使公共监管能够符合国内稳定利益的更广泛的框架中的标准。
Structural Gating Enhances Long-Distance Light-Driven Interfacial Electron Transfer
Creators: name: Castellano, Felix N.
name: Meyer, Gerald J.
name: Galoppini, Elena
name: Heidari, Marzieh
name: Loague, Quentin R.
name: Mann, Hayden J.
name: Danilov, Evgeny O.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Year: 2024

description:
Structural gating provides a molecular means to transfer electrons preferentially in one desired vectorial direction, a behavior needed for applications in artificial photosynthesis. At the interfaces utilized herein, visible-light absorption by a transition metal complex opens a “structural gate” by planarization of otherwise rotating phenyl rings in p-phenylene ethynylene (PE) bridge units. Planarization provides a conjugated pathway for electron flow toward a conductive oxide surface. Interfacial electron transfer to the oxide restores rotation and closes the gate to the unwanted recombination reaction. This structural gating results in nearly quantitative long-distance (>20 Å) interfacial electron transfer that occurs ∼1000 times faster than transfer in the opposite direction. A comparative kinetic study of these complexes with those that contain ionic bridge units, without gating function, as a function of the applied potential and hence −ΔG° provided a physical basis for the structural gating. A small distance-dependent reorganization energy with weak electronic coupling underlies the success of this gate that enables efficient long-distance electron transfer and slow recombination.
sj-docx-5-aph-10.1177_10105395231175568 – Supplemental material for Associations of Lifestyle-Related Factors With Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure in the Middle-Aged and Older Population-Based Cohort in Japan: A Longitudinal Study
Creators: name: Hiramatsu, Yuji
name: Ide, Hiroo
name: Furui, Yuji
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-5-aph-10.1177_10105395231175568 for Associations of Lifestyle-Related Factors With Body Mass Index and Blood Pressure in the Middle-Aged and Older Population-Based Cohort in Japan: A Longitudinal Study by Yuji Hiramatsu, Hiroo Ide and Yuji Furui in Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health
Trying to change the rules for responding to arbitration unilaterally: The proposed new framework for investor-state dispute settlement for the EU
Creators: Lorz, Ralph
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: A new proposal for an internal regulation sheds some light on the European Commission’s approach to future bilateral investment treaties to be concluded with the EU, on which negotiations are already underway. Of particular significance in this context is the Commission’s desire to reserve the determination of respondent status in future arbitral proceedings for itself. It shows that the EU might strive to modify established mechanisms of investor-state arbitration to fit its internal needs.
Supplemental Material - The Search for Computer Science Concepts in Coding Animated Narratives: Tensions and Opportunities
Creators: name: Woo, Karen
name: Falloon, Garry
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education

description: Supplemental Material for The Search for Computer Science Concepts in Coding Animated Narratives: Tensions and Opportunities Karen Woo, Garry Falloon in Journal of Educational Computing Research.
The compensatory nature of moral damages in investor-state arbitration
Creators: Wong, Jarrod
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: There has been a pervasive failure by investment tribunals to grasp the singularly compensatory nature of moral damages awarded to investors. The failure to distinguish moral damages from other forms of reparation such as satisfaction and restitution -- never mind punitive damages -- has led to various doctrinal and practical difficulties in the treatment of moral damages. Moral damages have enjoyed a long history in public international law. In that tradition, the venerable Lusitania decision defined moral damages as compensation “for an injury inflicted resulting in mental suffering, injury to his feelings, humiliation, shame, degradation, loss of social position or injury to his credit or to his reputation,” thereby identifying those injuries remedied by moral damages as mental or reputational injuries. Significantly, that decision emphasized that moral damages “are very real” despite their intangible nature, which “affords no reason why the injured person should not be compensated therefor as compensatory damages, but not as a penalty.”
Additional file 2 of Association of changes in frailty status with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in older people: results from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)
Creators: name: Wang, Ziqiong
name: Ruan, Haiyan
name: Li, Liying
name: Song, Ningying
name: He, Sen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: eFigure 2. Stratified analyses by potential modifiers of the association between changes in frailty status and risk of cardiovascular death.
Tumor-Associated Edema in Children with Kaposi Sarcoma: 14 Years’ Experience at Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi
Creators: name: Allen, Carl E.
name: Heller, Tom
name: Wallrauch, Claudia
name: Zobeck, Mark
name: Silverstein, Allison
name: Manase, Fatsani Rose
name: Ozuah, Nmazuo
name: Kamiyango, William
name: Dziwe, Clement
name: McAtee, Casey L.
name: Scheurer, Michael E.
name: Mzikamanda, Rizine
name: Villiera, Jimmy
name: El-Mallawany, Nader Kim
name: Tomoka, Tamiwe
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description:
Background/Objectives: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a common lymphatic endothelial cancer among children with and without HIV in central and eastern Africa. Despite its clinical heterogeneity, its various clinical phenotypes are often grouped together in staging and treatment algorithms. Patients with KS tumor-associated edema, referring to hard, non-pitting lesions which often lead to chronic disability, represent a unique, understudied subgroup of children with KS. To continue our work defining the distinct phenotypes of pediatric KS, this study aimed to assess the clinical progression and outcomes of KS edema in children. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi, focusing on children diagnosed with KS edema between 2010 and 2023. Results: We identified 52 children with KS edema, representing 27% of all patients with KS. Initial chemotherapy resulted in a clinical response in 92% of patients, but 46% experienced relapse or disease progression with a median time to first relapse of 12 months. Multiple progressions were common, with 31% of patients experiencing two or more events. Event-free survival at two years was 32%, dropping to 24% at five years, while overall survival was 73% at two years and 57% at five years. Relapse was more common among patients with KS edema versus those without it (relative risk = 2.1; 95%CI, 1.4–3.2; p < 0.001). Eight patients (15%) relapsed with visceral disease, five of whom originally presented with KS edema alone. Conclusions: Patients with KS edema have a unique, relapsing-remitting pattern of disease with a high risk of relapse relative to other forms of KS with subsequent long-term mortality, even after initial positive treatment responses. Late relapse and mortality with visceral disease are possible even among children presenting initially with KS edema alone. Children with KS edema require long-term follow-up, and novel treatment approaches tailored towards preventing frequent relapse are needed.
试改变规则应对单方面仲裁：拟新框架解决欧盟投资者国家争端
Creators: Lorz, Ralph
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: 《里斯本条约》赋予欧盟签订涉及FDI协定的专属权能。正如我们所知，考虑到经济实力和FDI领域内联盟的相关性，欧盟在这一过程中显现的每一个新特征易于通过世界投资仲裁显示其强制性。最近的一个例子是对监管的提议，表明欧盟希望根据其需要明确地制定解决方案--不一定符合现代双边投资协定（BITs）下的国际投资者机制。
Additional file 3 of Association of changes in frailty status with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in older people: results from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)
Creators: name: Wang, Ziqiong
name: Ruan, Haiyan
name: Li, Liying
name: Song, Ningying
name: He, Sen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: eTable 1. Definitions of baseline variables in the present study.
Investor-state dispute settlement: A government’s dilemma
Creators: Karl, Joachim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: In recent years, more developed countries have been drawn into investment disputes. As of end 2011, at least 18 developed countries had faced investment arbitration -- as compared to 55 developing countries and 16 economies in transition. Governments face a dilemma. While many governments consider ISDS a key element of international investment protection, ISDS is becoming increasingly risky. For one, governments’ risk of being sued by foreign investors is growing. Second, when a dispute arises, the defence requires enormous resources; if a case is lost, damages can be very high. Third, governments live with an unpredictable arbitration practice without having the legal safety net of an appellate body like in the WTO. Fourth, complex domestic legal issues reaching beyond international investment law are examined by international arbitrators. Fifth, as more disputes are directed against countries with highly developed domestic judicial systems, governments need to ask themselves how positive discrimination of foreign investors in respect of ISDS can be justified.
投资者--国家仲裁中的精神损害赔偿的特征
Creators: Wong, Jarrod
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: 投资法庭普遍没有把握住给予投资者精神损害赔偿的特征，未能区分精神损害赔偿与其他形式的赔偿，比如赔礼道歉和恢复名誉（不包括惩罚性赔偿）--导致在处理精神损害问题时面临各种理论和实际困难。
Association between sarcopenia and the foot-ankle function in type 2 diabetic foot ulcer
Creators: name: Li, Chengqian
name: Wang, Yangang
name: Dong, Bingzi
name: An, Shujing
name: Li, Xinwei
name: Hu, Yonglu
name: Kuang, Weina
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description:
Background The diabetic foot (DF) ulcer is the severe complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Sarcopenia is characterized as the loss of muscle mass and strength, resulting in the increased risk of fracture and physical disability. Sarcopenia may affect the foot-ankle function in DF ulcer patients, compromise the quality of life.ObjectiveThe aim was to clarify the effect of sarcopenia on foot-ankle function in patients with DF ulcer.


Methods In total of 108 T2DM patients with DF ulcer were enrolled. Based on the examination of muscle mass by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and grip strength and 5x sit-to-stand test, the DF patients were divided into sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups. The severity of DF ulcer was evaluated by Wagner classification. The foot-ankle function was evaluated by American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Score.


Results DF patients with sarcopenia showed advanced age, lower BMI, longer duration of T2DM, and more severe Wagner classification, reduced appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), grip strength, transcutaneous oxygenpressure (TcPO2) and prolonged time of 5X sit-to-stand test. The stratified comparison analysis indicated that severity of sarcopenia and DF ulcer, reduced TcPO2, and grip strength were aggravated with the impaired foot-ankle function (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that age, TcPO2, and severe sarcopenia were risk factors deteriorating the foot-ankle function.


Conclusion The sarcopenia is a key risk factor of decreasing foot-ankle function in patients with DF ulcer. Thus, the prevention of muscle mass and strength loss could be considered as part of comprehensive therapy for DF ulcer.
Additional file 4 of Association of changes in frailty status with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in older people: results from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)
Creators: name: Wang, Ziqiong
name: Ruan, Haiyan
name: Li, Liying
name: Song, Ningying
name: He, Sen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: eTable 2. Distributions of baseline variables with missing data.
Editorial
Creators: name: Wilhelm, James
name: Kühn, Boris
name: Mason, Antony
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2016

description: There exists a frequently unhelpful and rigidly formulated theoretical dichotomy in the intergenerational literature, which can conﬁne our intellectual thinking and restrict the eﬃcacy of our policy: the separation of intra- and intergenerational justice. Intergenerational justice deals with justice between the generations. Intragenerational justice focuses on lines of cleavage between contemporaries, such as economic disparities between states in the international system. On the one hand, the maxim that each generation has the right to act in a self-determining way has led to a political culture in which present generations pursue short-sighted and generationally speciﬁc objectives. By the same token, as Hans Jonas has argued, mankind’s realisation that his ability to transform nature for his own purposes may lead to irreversible environmental damage has led to the call for a new ethics for future generations. It is important to emphasise the pertinence this separation has outside the academic world: political decisions are often informed by only one type of justice, ignoring the consequences for other types of justices. On the other hand, proponents of the sustainability concept frequently take all types of justice into account and, by often implicitly assuming that they are complementary, ignore possible trade-offs. Hence one can ﬁnd a lack of intellectual endeavour focused on bridging the theoretical gap between the more traditional demands of social and international justice and intergenerational justice with real implications for policy.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 6, No 1 (2012): The Interdependencies between Justices
"Why Gender matters in Fire Research" IAFSS 2020 POSTER
Creators: name: Balboa, Adriana
name: Cuesta, Arturo
name: Alvear, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Gender Dimension, Fire Safety, First Responders

description: Poster presented at the Poster Session 8 in the 13th Simposium on Fire Safety organized by IAFSS. Abstract: The integration of Gender Dimension involves questioning stereotypes and investigating gender needs, attitudes and behaviours to enhance knowledge, technologies and innovations produced. However, including this approach is not an easy task. There is no standardized methodology to conduct Gender Dimension. References from the literature formulate general rules/questions of this subject matter while providing case studies in a variety of disciplines (science, health and environment). Here we propose a general methodology to integrate gender in the field of fire safety. The study also includes literature review of gender in first responders and a case study to explore similarities/differences between women and men perceptions in relation to fire and industrial accidents. Figure 1 shows an overview of the study which is part of an ongoing European project (ASSISTANCE – This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 832576).
Myokines and Their Potential Protective Role Against Oxidative Stress in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)
Creators: name: Trujillo-González, Isis
name: Paules, Evan M.
name: Espinosa, Alejandra
name: Bucarey, José Luis
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description:
Myokines, bioactive peptides released by skeletal muscle, have emerged as crucial regulators of metabolic and protective pathways in peripheral tissues, particularly in combating oxidative stress and inflammation. Their plasma concentration significantly increases following exercise, offering valuable insights into the role of physical activity in preventing sarcopenia and mitigating metabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This review focuses on discussing the roles of specific myokines in activating intracellular signaling pathways within the liver, which confer protection against steatosis and lipid peroxidation. We detail the mechanism underlying lipid peroxidation and highlight the liver’s antioxidant defenses, such as glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), which are pivotal in reducing ferroptosis. Furthermore, we provide an in-depth analysis of key myokines, including myostatin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and irisin, among others, and their potential impact on liver function. Finally, we discuss the molecular mechanisms through which these myokines influence oxidate stress and lipid metabolism, emphasizing their capacity to modulate antioxidant responses in the liver. Finally, we underscore the therapeutic potential of exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention to enhance myokine release, thereby preventing the progression of MASD through improved hepatic antioxidant defenses. This review represents a comprehensive perspective on the intersection of exercise, myokine biology, and liver health.
Temporal Justice, Youth Quotas and Libertarianism
Creators: name: Wissenburg, Marcel
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2015

description: Quotas, including youth quotas for representative institutions, are usually evaluated from within the social justice discourse. That discourse relies on several questionable assumptions, seven of which I critically address and radically revise in this contribution from a libertarian perspective. Temporal justice then takes on an entirely different form. It becomes a theory in which responsibilities are clear and cannot be shifted onto the shoulders of the weak and innocent. I shall only briefly sketch some outlines and general implications of such a theory, arguing that it offers too little guidance for our imperfect world. While that implies more tolerance for quotas, I nevertheless propose an alternative more suited to a representative, deliberative democracy: veto rights.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 7, No 2 (2015): Youth Quotas
投资者--国家争端解决：政府的困境
Creators: Karl, Joachim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: 近年来，很多发达国家都卷入投资争端之中。截至2011年底，至少18个发达国家面临投资仲裁--相比之下，发展中国家为55个，转型经济体为16个。各国政府面临着两难困境。虽然许多政府认为ISDS是国际投资保护的关键要素，但是ISDS面临的风险正日益加大。现有的ISDS体制不再被视为IIAs不可或缺的核心部分。不满不再限于少数发展中国家，而是扩展至G-20国家，包括金砖国家中的一些。进一步增长的势头可能会危及ISDS的整体体系。
A business perspective on a China - US bilateral investment treaty
Creators: Donnelly, Shaun E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
International relations

description: The recent Perspective “A China - US bilateral investment treaty: A template for a multilateral framework for investment” by Karl P. Sauvant and Huiping Chen raises very important issues. I welcome the focus on the US-China investment negotiations and believe Sauvant and Chen are asking many key questions. But their analysis and their recommendations end up, I believe, seriously off-track. I will offer an alternative perspective, one shaped both by my previous life as an international economic policy-maker/negotiator at the State Department and the US Trade Representative’s office and my current role at the United States Council for International Business (USCIB), representing global companies on investment policy issues, including investment treaties.
Claudio López-Guerra: Democracy and Disenfranchisement
Creators: name: Pitkin, Madeleine
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2015

description: Book Review

Claudio López-Guerra (2014): Democracy and Disenfranchisement: The Morality of Electoral Exclusions. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 189 pages. ISBN: 978-0198705789. Price: £50
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 7, No 2 (2015): Youth Quotas
How does the spatial accessibility of medical resources change during a public health crisis? A perspective based on residents' healthcare preferences
Creators: name: Nie, Xin
name: Wu, Tianci
name: Wang, Han
name: Kang, Qing
name: Mou, Sihao
name: Chen, Zhoupeng
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024

description:
The spatial accessibility of medical resources as a foundation for urban responses to public health crises, directly affects public health and social equity, and has become a key consideration in the post-pandemic era. Previous research has focused more on the spatial attributes of medical resources, neglecting residents' medical preferences, while residents' choices directly affect the allocation of medical resources. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the spatial accessibility of medical resources based on residents' preferences during public health crises. This manuscript uses discrete choice experiment (DCE) to determine the changes in medical preferences of residents in Wuhan, China during the pandemic. On this basis, an improved two-step floating catchment area method (2SFCA) is employed for assessing the spatial accessibility of medical resources. The results show that: (1) Changes in residents' medical preferences guide the spatial allocation of urban medical resources. (2) After the outbreak of a public health crisis, the importance of hospital level, travel time, and medical expenses for residents decreased, while the importance of queuing time increased. (3) The observed change of residents' preference for medical treatment activated idle medical resources and improved their spatial accessibility overall. However, differences in the initial endowment of medical resources resulted in larger regional differences in spatial accessibility and intensified the inequality of medical services. This manuscript argues that considering residents' preferences can provide a more accurate understanding of changes in the spatial accessibility of medical resources, offering important insights for optimizing resource allocation and effectively responding to future unexpected crises.
Additional file 5 of Association of changes in frailty status with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in older people: results from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)
Creators: name: Wang, Ziqiong
name: Ruan, Haiyan
name: Li, Liying
name: Song, Ningying
name: He, Sen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: eTable 3. Association of frailty status at wave 2011 with cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality.
title: Measuring Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention to Use Online Learning Among Junior Students in a Public University in Yunnan, China
Creators: name: Zhiyun Li
Publisher: name: Assumption University Press
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025
Subjects: Online Learning
Task-Technology Fit
Content Quality
Satisfaction
Behavioral Intention

description: The Scholar: Human Sciences, 17, 1, 43-52
Chemokine expression profile of an innate granuloma
Creators: name: Amason, Megan E
name: Miao, Edward A
name: Harvest, Carissa K
name: Beatty, Cole J
name: Saban, Daniel R
Publisher: name: eLife
Year: 2024

description:
Granulomas are defined by the presence of organized layers of immune cells that include macrophages. Granulomas are often characterized as a way for the immune system to contain an infection and prevent its dissemination. We recently established a mouse infection model where Chromobacterium violaceum induces the innate immune system to form granulomas in the liver. This response successfully eradicates the bacteria and returns the liver to homeostasis. Here, we sought to characterize the chemokines involved in directing immune cells to form the distinct layers of a granuloma. We use spatial transcriptomics to investigate the spatial and temporal expression of all CC and CXC chemokines and their receptors within this granuloma response. The expression profiles change dynamically over space and time as the granuloma matures and then resolves. To investigate the importance of monocyte-derived macrophages in this immune response, we studied the role of CCR2 during C. violaceum infection. Ccr2 –/– mice had negligible numbers of macrophages, but large numbers of neutrophils, in the C. violaceum -infected lesions. In addition, lesions had abnormal architecture resulting in loss of bacterial containment. Without CCR2, bacteria disseminated and the mice succumbed to the infection. This indicates that macrophages are critical to form a successful innate granuloma in response to C. violaceum .
Hélène Landemore: Democratic Reason
Creators: name: Pitkin, Madeleine
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2015

description: Book Review

Hélène Landemore (2013): Democratic Reason. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 279 pages. ISBN 978-0691155654. Price: £27.95
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 7, No 2 (2015): Youth Quotas
中美双边投资协定的商业视角
Creators: Donnelly, Shaun E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
International relations

description: 最近由Karl P. Sauvant 和 Huiping Chen发表在《展望》的一篇文章“中美双边投资协定：多边投资框架的一个范本”提出了许多重要的议题。我欢迎大家关注中美投资谈判，并相信Sauvant和Chen指出了很多关键问题。但是，我认为他们的分析和最终建议是存在严重偏差的。我将提供另一种观点，由我之前作为国务院和美国贸易代表办公室的国际经济决策者/谈判者和目前在美国国际商业委员会任职的经历形成，该观点在投资政策议题（包括投资协定）上代表全球企业。
Advanced High Resolution Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometric Protocols for Imaging Complex Polymer Chain Structures
Creators: name: Steinkönig, Jan
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018
Subjects: polymer science
mass spectrometry
electrospray ionization
single-chain nanoparticles
self-immolative polymers
supercharging
polyoxazoline

description: Die systematische Strukturaufklärung von Makromolekülen ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil zum tiefgehenden Verständnis von makromolekularen Prozessen. Der Zugang zur exakten Strukturaufklärung ist durch die Verwendung von hoch-auflösender Elektrospray-Ionisation (ESI MS) gewährleistet. Die milden Ionisierungsbedingungen sind unentbehrlich um intakte kovalente Bindungen in der Polymerkette sicherzustellen. Die vorliegende Doktorarbeit behandelt die Strukturaufklärung verschiedener komplexer makromolekularer Systeme mittels ESI-Orbitrap MS. Für die exakte Massenbestimmung ist die Hochauflösung entscheidend, die durch das Design der Orbitrap und die Datenverarbeitung bereitgestellt wird. Hierdurch ermöglicht sich die präzise Untersuchung einzelner Spezies und deren Isotopen-muster. Diese bildet die Grundlage nachfolgender Strukturaufklärungen, da das experimentelle mit dem simulierten (aus der zuvor bestimmten chemischen Strukturformel) Isotopenmuster verglichen wird. Zuvor ist die zuverlässige Ionisierung unpolarer Polykohlenwasserstoffe (z.B. Polystyrol und Polybutadien) unerlässlich, die durch die Anlagerung von Chlorid-Ionen gewährleistet wird. Hierfür wird das Massenspektrometer in einer für negative Ionen sensitive Betriebsweise gesetzt. Die Anlagerung von Halogeniden an aromatische oder olefinische Strukturelemente ist bemerkenswert stark, sodass eine Mehrfachionisierung hervorgerufen wird. Darüber hinaus kann die Verteilung des Ladungszustands der Polykohlenwasser-stoffe durch einfache Zugabe von sog. ‘Supercharging’ Agenzien (z.B. Sulfolan oder Propylencarbonat) beeinflusst werden. Die hier neuentwickelte Methode zur Anlage-rung von Chlorid-Ionen bildet die Grundlage zur Aufklärung verschiedenster funk-tionaler Makromoleküle, unter anderem von polyionischen Flüssigkeiten und Poly-meren mit Nitroxid-Sturkturelementen. Des Weiteren können degradierbare Stu-fenwachstumspolymere effizient in die Gasphase versetzt und somit vermessen werden. ESI MS profitiert auch durch eine vorangeschaltete Größenausschlusschromatographie (SEC-ESI MS). Hierdurch können intramolekular vernetzte Polymere – sogenannte Einzelkettennanopartikel – charakterisiert werden, wodurch ein direkter Einblick in die Chemie des Faltungsprozesses ermöglicht wird. Mittels der entwickelten Methode können sogar komplexe Ter- oder Quaterpolymere strukturell aufklären werden.
Jörg Tremmel/Antony Mason/Petter Haakenstad Godli/Igor Dimitrijoski (eds.): Youth Quotas and other Efficient Forms of Youth Participation in Ageing Societies
Creators: name: Sommerfeld, Lena
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2015

description: Book Review

Jörg Tremmel et al. (eds.) (2015): Youth Quotas and other Efficient Forms of Youth Participation in Ageing Societies. Cham: Springer. 188 pages. ISBN: 978-3-319-13430-7. Price: £90.00
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 7, No 2 (2015): Youth Quotas
The Arab Awakening, act II: Time to move more boldly on investment
Creators: O’Sullivan, Anthony
Böhmer, Alexander
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
International relations

description: Following the Arab Awakening in late 2010, the decline of foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) from US$ 63 billion in 2010 to US$ 39 billion by the end of 2011, was significant, albeit with important differences among countries. FDI inflows continued to slow slightly in 2012 and are expected to remain flat in 2013. Although FDI inflows for the region as a whole were affected by a number of factors, including the crisis in global financial markets, the sharp decrease was also related to a loss of investor confidence and political instability that affected both oil importing and exporting countries. For example, in Egypt FDI inflows fell from US$ 6.4 billion in 2010 to a net disinvestment of US$ 483 million in 2011.Sectors in the region that were hardest hit included agribusiness, construction, light manufacturing, renewable energies, and tourism.
Additional file 6 of Association of changes in frailty status with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in older people: results from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)
Creators: name: Wang, Ziqiong
name: Ruan, Haiyan
name: Li, Liying
name: Song, Ningying
name: He, Sen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6: eTable 4. Association of frailty status at wave 2014 with cardiovascular death and all-cause mortality.
title: Versuche zur Transformation traumatischer Erfahrung in eine konstruktive Gegenwart
Creators: name: Wendlik, Jasmin Maria Elisabeth
Year: 2008

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt eine kompilatorische Sekundäranalyse dar, mit dem Ziel, die Geschichte Ruandas, beginnend mit der Zeit, als das Land noch frei von europäischen Kolonialherren war, bis hin zum Unabhängigkeitskrieg, analytisch festzuhalten. Um einen besseren Einblick in die Materie zu erhalten, schien es mir notwendig, die Vorkommnisse und Geschehnisse vor dem Genozid 1994 etwas genauer zu betrachten. Das Kapitel „Schatten und Verantwortung“, beschäftigt sich mit der sozialen Stellung der Menschen, deren sogenannter kultureller und ethnischer Identität und erörtert das Problem der „Ethnizität“. Mit der Frage, welche Möglichkeiten für eine Versöhnung in Ruanda offen stehen, wird der Bogen zum dritten Kapitel gespannt. Im letzten Teil der Arbeit, „Transformationen“, widme ich mich der Frage von Schuld, dem Thema des Systemstellens und der „Neuen Aufklärung“ in Form eines holistischen Weltbildes. Zum Ausdruck kommt unter anderem die Relevanz, sich vom Dualismus zu verabschieden, sowie der Vorstellung eines Menschenbildes, das im Einklang mit dem gesamten Universum steht.
阿拉伯的二次觉醒：抓住时机，促进投资
Creators: O’Sullivan, Anthony
Böhmer, Alexander
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
International relations

description: 2010年末的“阿拉伯觉醒”之后，中东和北非地区（MENA）的外国直接投资（FDI）从2010年的630亿美元到2011年底的390亿美元发生了明显下降，即使各国间存在显著差异。FDI流入在2012年继续略微放缓，预计将在2013年持平。虽然该地区整体FDI流入受诸多因素包括全球金融市场危机的影响，但此次石油进出口国家FDI的急剧下降也与投资者信心不足和政治不稳定有关。例如，埃及FDI流入从2010年的64亿美元减缩到2011年的4.83亿美元。该地区受打击最大的行业涉及农业综合产业、建筑业、轻工业制造业、可再生能源和旅游业。
The LAVA Study: A Prospective, Multicenter, Single-arm Study of a Liquid Embolic System for Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Hemorrhage
Creators: name: Haskal, Ziv
name: Abi-Jaoudeh, Nadine
name: Johnson, Matthew
name: Flanagan, Siobhan
name: Patel, Parag
name: Katz, Michael
name: Siskin, Gary
name: Patel, Parag J.
name: Siskin, Gary
name: Lookstein, Robert
name: Razavi, Mahmood K.
name: Johnson, Matthew S.
name: Johnson, Thor
name: Picel, Andrew
name: Tse, Gary
name: Arslan, Bulent
name: Dhand, Sabeen
name: Kalva, Sanjeeva
name: Jalaeian, Hamed
name: Flanagan, Siobhan
name: Haskal, Ziv
name: Abi-Jaoudeh, Nadine
name: investigators, LAVA
name: Cohen, Emil
name: Richard, Howard M.
name: Commander, Clayton
name: Bendel, Emily C.
name: Lookstein, Robert
name: Katz, Michael
name: del Pilar Bayona Molano, Maria
name: Arslan, Bulent
name: Richard, Howard M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024

description:
PURPOSE: To present the results of the Liquid Embolization of Arterial Hemorrhages in Peripheral Vasculature (LAVA) study evaluating safety and efficacy of Lava Liquid Embolic System (Lava LES), an ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH), for peripheral arterial hemorrhage (PAH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: LAVA was a pivotal, prospective, multicenter, single-group, centrally adjudicated study of adults with active PAH. Patients received EVOH at one of two viscosities, administered by experienced physicians. Primary safety endpoint was freedom from 30-day major adverse events (MAE) defined as ischemia/infarction of target territory, non-target embolization, allergic reaction, and catheter breakage/entrapment. Primary efficacy endpoint was 30-day clinical success defined as absence of bleeding from target lesion after embolization without need for emergency surgery, re-embolization, or other target lesion re-interventions. Secondary endpoints included serious adverse events and mortality. RESULTS: 113 patients (mean age 57.4 years [SD 18.0; range 18.0-93.0]; 63.7% male) with 148 lesions were enrolled at 19 US centers. Targeted areas included non-gastrointestinal (GI) visceral arteries (31.1%), kidneys (26.3%), upper GI (11.5%), lower GI (6.8%) and extremities (6.1%). Empiric embolization was performed for 20.9% of lesions. The primary efficacy endpoint was achieved in 94.3% of lesions (95.3% patients), exceeding the performance goal of 72%. Two target lesions treated with EVOH required subsequent re-embolization. No surgeries were performed for bleeding or ischemia. There were no MAEs reported per study definition. All-cause mortality rate at 30 days was 8.3%. CONCLUSIONS: The LAVA study suggests that EVOH is effective and can be safely used as an embolic agent for treatment of PAH.
sj-docx-1-evb-10.1177_11769343231212266 – Supplemental material for Retrospective Phylodynamic and Phylogeographic Analysis of the Bluetongue Virus in Tunisia
Creators: name: Souiai, Oussema
name: Arbi, Marwa
name: Hanachi, Mariem
name: Sallami, Ameny
name: Larbi, Imen
name: Chaouch, Melek
name: Harigua-Souiai, Emna
name: Benkahla, Alia
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cell Biology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-evb-10.1177_11769343231212266 for Retrospective Phylodynamic and Phylogeographic Analysis of the Bluetongue Virus in Tunisia by Oussema Souiai, Marwa Arbi, Mariem Hanachi, Ameny Sallami, Imen Larbi, Melek Chaouch, Emna Harigua-Souiai and Alia Benkahla in Evolutionary Bioinformatics
“School’s out!” A Test of Education’s Turnout Raising Potential
Creators: name: Snelling, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2016

description: Youth turnout in the UK is falling despite young people representing arguably the most educated generation. This article examines education’s role in social sorting, contending that the positive impact of educational expansion on electoral participation is tempered by relative education concerns. Using the 2011 UK Citizens in Transition Survey, it argues that education affects turnout by determining young people’s positioning within social networks. Some of these networks are more politicised than others. Individuals with relatively lower educational status continue to be excluded from more politically engaged networks – irrespective of their educational attainment – and as such lack the mobilisation and greater sense of political efficacy required to vote.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 8, No 1 (2016): Low Electoral Turnout among Young Voters
sj-docx-1-pal-10.1177_08258597231215137 - Supplemental material for Caregiving Strain Mediates the Relationship Between Terminally Ill Patient's Physical Symptoms and Their Family Caregivers’ Wellbeing: A Multicentered Longitudinal Study
Creators: name: Chow, Amy Y. M.
name: Zhang, Anna Y.
name: Chan, Iris K. N.
name: Fordjour, Genevieve A.
name: Lui, Julianna N. M.
name: Lou, Vivian W. Q.
name: Chan, Cecilia L. W.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aged Health Care

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-pal-10.1177_08258597231215137 for Caregiving Strain Mediates the Relationship Between Terminally Ill Patient's Physical Symptoms and Their Family Caregivers’ Wellbeing: A Multicentered Longitudinal Study by Amy Y. M. Chow, PhD, Anna Y. Zhang, PhD, Iris K. N. Chan, BSW, Genevieve A. Fordjour, PhD, Julianna N. M. Lui, PhD, Vivian W. Q. Lou, PhD, and Cecilia L. W. Chan, PhD in Journal of Palliative Care
sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076231215906 - Supplemental material for A qualitative study of teleconsultation practices among French oncologists in a post-COVID-19 period
Creators: name: Lantheaume, Sophie
name: Doublet, Louis
name: Mory, Jean-Eudes
name: Durand, Thierry
name: Lebosse, William
name: Heudel, Pierre-Etienne
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health and Community Services
subject: Cardiology
subject: Endocrinology
subject: Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: Aged Health Care
subject: Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cultural Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Organisation and Management Theory
subject: Science Policy
subject: Social Policy
subject: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-dhj-10.1177_20552076231215906 for A qualitative study of teleconsultation practices among French oncologists in a post-COVID-19 period by Sophie Lantheaume, Louis Doublet, Jean-Eudes Mory, Thierry Durand, William Lebosse and Pierre-Etienne Heudel in DIGITAL HEALTH
双边投资协定劳工条款：美国新版BIT范本是未来新模板？
Creators: Prislan, Vid
Zandvliet, Ruben
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
International relations

description: 不同于贸易领域，国际投资法律和劳工标准间的关系既没有在达成协定方面取得太多进展，也未能够引起广泛的学术关注。2004版美国双边投资协定（BIT）范本是首批提出将劳工标准作为完整条款的协定之一（第13条）。2012年5月发布的新版BIT范本更新并扩展了该项条款。
Additional file 7 of Association of changes in frailty status with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in older people: results from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS)
Creators: name: Wang, Ziqiong
name: Ruan, Haiyan
name: Li, Liying
name: Song, Ningying
name: He, Sen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7: eTable 5. Number of different causes of death.
Interleukin-12 decorated nanosized semiflexible Immunofilaments enable directed targeting and augmented IFNγ responses of Natural Killer Cells
Creators: name: Weiss, Lea
name: Hammink, Roel
name: Zaharoff, David A
name: van der Waart, Anniek
name: Nguyen, Tam T
name: Nguyen, Khue G
name: Dolstra, Harry
name: Malmberg, Karl-Johan
name: Classens, René
name: Schluck, Marjolein
name: Sohlberg, Ebba
name: de Jonge, Paul K J D
name: Figdor, Carl G
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024

description:
Immunotherapies are a powerful strategy to treat cancer by modulating the immune system to raise an anti-tumor immune response. A prime example of immunotherapies are cytokines - small immunomodulatory molecules that are widely used to stimulate immune cells. Undirected administration of cytokines, however, can cause severe side effects, preventing the use of potent cytokines, such as Interleukin (IL)-12, which induces IFNγ responses by cytotoxic effector lymphocytes, including NK cells. Biomaterials, like nanoparticles, can encapsulate IL-12 and accumulate at the tumor site to alleviate side effects. Yet, the released IL-12 might not be directly targeted to extracellular IL-12 receptors on the specific effector cells, thereby potentially compromising the cytokine's therapeutic efficacy. Here, we develop a polymer-based platform to target NK cells, which we call immunofilaments. Immunofilaments are nanosized linear polymers that present an anti-CD16 antibody and IL-12 effectively to NK cells and lead to synergistic NK cell activation as highlighted by an increase in TNFα and IFNγ production and upregulation of multiple activation markers, including CD25, CD69, and degranulation marker CD107a. NK cell proliferation is enhanced in the presence of both anti-CD16 antibody and IL-12 compared to giving IL-12 separately. Finally, we demonstrate that the IF platform is suitable for in vivo applications, as immunofilaments readily activate human NK cells upon administration to mice. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: IL-12 is a potent cytokine that stimulates IFNγ responses in NK cells, which supports an anti-tumor immune response. Due to its high potency, the delivery of IL-12 needs to be highly controlled to prevent severe adverse side effects, which can be achieved by using biomaterials. This study shows that nanosized polymers termed Immunofilaments can be used to immobilize IL-12 and effectively target and activate NK cells by co-conjugation of anti-CD16 antibodies. This work is a prime example of careful engineering of innovative biomaterials to improve immunotherapy.
Increasing Electoral Turnout Among the Young: Compulsory Voting or Financial Incentives?
Creators: name: Tozer, Thomas
Publisher: name: Intergenerational Justice Review
Year: 2016

description: The low electoral turnout of young people raises serious concerns about intergenerational justice and representative democracy. A powerful method is needed to address this low electoral turnout: if young people can be encouraged to vote in greater numbers then this may lead to a virtuous circle for which politicians take young people’s views and interests more seriously, and more young people vote as a result. I argue that a scheme of financial incentives for young voters between the ages of 18 and 28, paid only once a young person has attended an hour long information session and an hour long discussion session on the election, offers such a method. Section 1 of this paper outlines the extent of the problem of low voter turnout among young people, section 2 establishes that this is a problem for democracy, and section 3 analyses the reasons why young people choose not to vote. In section 4, I consider two prospective solutions to the low electoral turnout of young people, compulsory voting and financial incentives, and argue that while compulsory voting constitutes an unacceptable violation of our liberty, offering financial incentives to vote does not, and, in the form that I propose, such a scheme offers a powerful short-term and long-term solution to the low electoral turnout of young people. Finally, section 5 summarises the key arguments of sections 1-4, and argues that if academics and politicians are genuinely concerned about improving the political representation of young people and reducing the democratic deficit then they must seriously consider my proposed scheme of financial incentives for young voters.
description: Intergenerational Justice Review, Vol 8, No 1 (2016): Low Electoral Turnout among Young Voters