cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modeling Electrical Switching of Nonvolatile Phase-Change Integrated Nanophotonic Structures with Graphene Heaters
Creators: name: Zheng, Jiajiu
name: Zhu, Shifeng
name: Xu, Peipeng
name: Dunham, Scott
name: Majumdar, Arka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in integrated nanophotonics has enabled large-scale programmable photonic integrated circuits (PICs) for general-purpose electronic-photonic systems on a chip. Relying on the weak, volatile thermo-optic or electro-optic effects, such systems usually exhibit limited reconfigurability along with high energy consumption and large footprints. These challenges can be addressed by resorting to chalcogenide phase-change materials (PCMs) such as Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) that provide substantial optical contrast in a self-holding fashion upon phase transitions. However, current PCM-based integrated photonic applications are limited to single devices or simple PICs due to the poor scalability of the optical or electrical self-heating actuation approaches. Thermal-conduction heating via external electrical heaters, instead, allows large-scale integration and large-area switching, but fast and energy-efficient electrical control is yet to show. Here, we model electrical switching of GST-clad integrated nanophotonic structures with graphene heaters based on the programmable GST-on-silicon platform. Thanks to the ultra-low heat capacity and high in-plane thermal conductivity of graphene, the proposed structures exhibit a high switching speed of ~80 MHz and high energy efficiency of 19.2 aJ/nm^3 (6.6 aJ/nm^3) for crystallization (amorphization) while achieving complete phase transitions to ensure strong attenuation (~6.46 dB/micron) and optical phase (~0.28 dB/micron at 1550 nm) modulation. Compared with indium tin oxide and silicon p-i-n heaters, the structures with graphene heaters display two orders of magnitude higher figure of merits for heating and overall performance. Our work facilitates the analysis and understanding of the thermal-conduction heating-enabled phase transitions on PICs and supports the development of the future large-scale PCM-based electronic-photonic systems.
Brane World Confronts Holography
Creators: name: Hong, Deog Ki
name: Hsu, Stephen D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holography principle imposes a stringent constraint on the scale of quantum gravity $M_*$ in brane-world scenarios, where all matter is confined on the brane. The thermodynamic entropy of astrophysical black holes and sub-horizon volumes during big bang nucleosynthesis exceed the relevant bounds unless $M_* > 10^{(4-6)}$ TeV, so a hierarchy relative to the weak scale is unavoidable. We discuss the implications for extra dimensions as well as holography.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, revtex 4, Talk by DKH at 2nd International Conference on Flavor Physics (ICFP 2003), Seoul, Korea, 6-11 Oct 2003
‘We don’t fight for no reason’ : Resisting Criminalization in Southeast Washington DC
Creators: name: Taylor, Laura
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: Description to be added
Additional file 1 of Impact of medication review via tele-expertise on unplanned hospitalizations at 3 months of nursing homes patients (TEM-EHPAD): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: F. Correard
name: M. Montaleytang
name: M. Costa
name: M. Astolfi
name: K. Baumstarck
name: S. Loubière
name: K. Amichi
name: P. Auquier
name: P. Verger
name: P. Villani
name: S. Honore
name: A. Daumas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. GP interview guide.
Dallithyris Muir-Wood 1959
Creators: name: Bitner, Maria Aleksandra
name: Logan, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Terebratulidae
Dallithyris

description: Genus Dallithyris Muir-Wood, 1959
 TYPE SPECIES. — Dallithyris murrayi Muir-Wood, 1959, by original designation of Muir-Wood (1959: 305).
description: Published as part of Bitner, Maria Aleksandra & Logan, Alan, 2016, Recent Brachiopoda from the Mozambique-Madagascar area, western Indian Ocean, pp. 5-41 in Zoosystema 38 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n1a1, http://zenodo.org/record/4578148
Noncommutative projective geometry
Creators: name: Stafford, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14A22, 16P40, 16W50

description: This article describes recent applications of algebraic geometry to noncommutative algebra. These techniques have been particularly successful in describing graded algebras of small dimension.
Vulnerabilities of Connectionist AI Applications: Evaluation and Defence
Creators: name: Berghoff, Christian
name: Neu, Matthias
name: von Twickel, Arndt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article deals with the IT security of connectionist artificial intelligence (AI) applications, focusing on threats to integrity, one of the three IT security goals. Such threats are for instance most relevant in prominent AI computer vision applications. In order to present a holistic view on the IT security goal integrity, many additional aspects such as interpretability, robustness and documentation are taken into account. A comprehensive list of threats and possible mitigations is presented by reviewing the state-of-the-art literature. AI-specific vulnerabilities such as adversarial attacks and poisoning attacks as well as their AI-specific root causes are discussed in detail. Additionally and in contrast to former reviews, the whole AI supply chain is analysed with respect to vulnerabilities, including the planning, data acquisition, training, evaluation and operation phases. The discussion of mitigations is likewise not restricted to the level of the AI system itself but rather advocates viewing AI systems in the context of their supply chains and their embeddings in larger IT infrastructures and hardware devices. Based on this and the observation that adaptive attackers may circumvent any single published AI-specific defence to date, the article concludes that single protective measures are not sufficient but rather multiple measures on different levels have to be combined to achieve a minimum level of IT security for AI applications.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Metastability and HP metamorphism at fluid deficient conditions, an example from the Bergen Arcs (Western Norway)
Creators: name: Kühn, Alexander
name: Austrheim, Haakon
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: In the Lindæs Nappe, Bergen Arcs Western Norway, Precambrian granulites facies anorthosites (P<10 kbars, T=800°C) and their Caledonian eclogite (P<17 kbars, T=700°C) and amphibolite facies equivalents alternate on meter scale. It has recently been suggested by Camacho et al. (2005) that the granulite facies anorthosites, remained at low temperatures (350°C) and were only locally heated to 700°C and reacted to eclogites by spasmodic hot fluids. This is in contrast to previously published models (Austrheim 1987) where the fluid-triggered mineral reactions in a terrain that was at 700°C during the Caledonian Orogeny. In the latter model the dry granulites metastably survive the Caledonian HP/HT metamorphic event at 425 Ma...
description: conference
The Agricultural Situation in Western Europe: Review of 1971 and Outlook for 1972
Creators: name: Developed Countries Branch, Foreign Demand
name: Developed Countries Branch, Foreign Demand
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Political Economy
subject: Western Europe
subject: agricultural production
subject: trade
subject: trade policies
subject: surpluses
subject: currency
subject: European Community expansion
subject: European Free Trade Association

description: Agricultural output in Western Europe continued at a high level in 1971. Red meat output increased, milk output was constant, and grain output reached a new record. Record grain crops in the EC in 1971 resulted in another disposal problem. U.S. agricultural exports to Western Europe increased in 1970/71. Commodity categories which increased in importance were oilseeds, wheat and flour, protein meals, tobacco, and fruits and vegetables. EC enlargement negotiations were completed in January 1972, when the United Kingdom, Ireland, Denmark, and Norway signed the treaties for accession. A monetary crisis has continued in Western Europe, where there are now 4 price zones. The "devaluation" of the U.S. dollar may have a positive effect on some U.S. agricultural exports to Western Europe.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and incidence of vector-borne pathogens in unprotected dogs in two Brazilian regions
Creators: name: Dantas-Torres, Filipe
name: Figueredo, Luciana Aguiar
name: Sales, Kamila Gaudêncio Da Silva
name: Miranda, Débora Elienai De Oliveira
name: Alexandre, Joanna Lúcia De Almeida
name: Silva, Yury Yzabella Da
name: Lidiane Gomes Da Silva
name: Valle, Guilherme Ribeiro
name: Vitor Márcio Ribeiro
name: Otranto, Domenico
name: Deuster, Katrin
name: Pollmeier, Matthias
name: Altreuther, Gertraut
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Total number of dogs tested by serology and PCR for different pathogens at each time point (baseline, after 8 and 12 months), in Goiana (Pernambuco) and São Joaquim de Bicas (Minas Gerais), Brazil. Numbers are expressed as “positive/total (positivity)”.
Mirror Nesting of the Fermi Contour and Superconducting Pairing from the Repulsive Interaction
Creators: name: Belyavsky, V. I.
name: Kopaev, Yu. V.
name: Shevtsov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the necessary conditions of superconducting pairing at repulsive interaction between particles composing a pair with large total momentum: (1) the existence of, at least, one negative eigenvalue of the repulsion potential and (2) mirror nesting of the Fermi contour. Under these conditions, we represent the solution of the self-consistency equation continuously depending on the momentum of the relative motion of the pair. The corresponding superconducting order parameter changes its sign on a line crossing the Fermi contour inside the domain of definition of the relative motion pair momentum. We argue that repulsive-induced superconducting pairing with large total pair momentum may be just the case relating to high-temperature superconducting cuprates.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Quartz microstructures in nature and experiment — evidence of rapid plastic deformation and subsequent annealing
Creators: name: Trepmann, Claudia A.
name: Stöckhert, Bernhard
name: Dorner, Dorothée
name: Küster, Martina
name: Röller, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: Quartz microstructures produced in short-term deformation and annealing experiments are compared with those in naturally deformed vein quartz in cores from the Long Valley Exploratory Well (Long Valley Caldera, California). The experiments are designed to simulate i) co-seismic deformation of quartz in the uppermost plastosphere and ii) annealing during post-seismic stress relaxation. The experiments are performed in a modified Griggs type solid medium apparatus. Natural polycrystalline quartz samples (grain size on the order of millimetres) are deformed at a temperature of 400°C, a confining pressure of 2GPa, and strain rates of ca. 10−4 s−1. The differential stress reaches 2–4GPa and the irreversible axial shortening is typically a few percent. In some experiments the samples have subsequently been annealed for ca. 14–15 h at elevated temperatures of 800–1000°C and low stresses (quasi-hydrostatic or nonhydrostatic conditions)...
description: conference
Likelihood-free Cosmological Constraints with Artificial Neural Networks: An Application on Hubble Parameters and SNe Ia
Creators: name: Wang, Yu-Chen
name: Xie, Yuan-Bo
name: Zhang, Tong-Jie
name: Huang, Hui-Chao
name: Zhang, Tingting
name: Liu, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The errors of cosmological data generated from complex processes, such as the observational Hubble parameter data (OHD) and the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) data, cannot be accurately modeled by simple analytical probability distributions, e.g. Gaussian distribution. To constrain cosmological parameters from these data, likelihood-free inference is usually used to bypass the direct calculation of the likelihood. In this paper, we propose a new procedure to perform likelihood-free cosmological inference using two artificial neural networks (ANN), the Masked Autoregressive Flow (MAF) and the denoising autoencoder (DAE). Our procedure is the first to use DAE to extract features from data, in order to simplify the structure of MAF needed to estimate the posterior. Tested on simulated Hubble parameter data with a simple Gaussian likelihood, the procedure shows the capability of extracting features from data and estimating posterior distributions without the need of tractable likelihood. We demonstrate that it can accurately approximate the real posterior, achieve performance comparable to the traditional MCMC method, and the MAF gets better training results for small number of simulation when the DAE is added. We also discuss the application of the proposed procedure to OHD and Pantheon SN Ia data, and use them to constrain cosmological parameters from the non-flat $Λ$CDM model. For SNe Ia, we use fitted light curve parameters to find constraints on $H_0,Ω_m,Ω_Λ$ similar to relevant work, using less empirical distributions. In addition, this work is also the first to use Gaussian process in the procedure of OHD simulation.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJS. Updated to the accepted version
Textures in mylonitised granite from Banefo area in the central part of the Cameroon Central Shear Zone (central Africa) — Kinematics and gradian deformation indicators
Creators: name: Kouankap, Nono Gus D.
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: The North Equatorial Panafrican belt is constituted by orthogneissified metamorphic and magmatic sets linked to tectonometamorphic events of the neoproterozoic orogeny. This belt whose formations are situated in the North of the congo craton is divided into three distinct geodynamic domains: a southern domain, a northern domain and a central domain. The deformation and metamorphism relationships are a function of the different geodynamic domains of the belt. The central domains, to which belongs the Banefo region, is affected by large strike-slip faults among which is the central cameroonian shear zone. This domain is marked out by numerous syntectonic granitoids. At Banefo (NE Bafoussam, West Cameroon), those massifs are mainly constituted by mylotinised orthogneisses and granites of various degrees. The country rock is made up of gneiss and amphibolite. In the Banefo massifs, the orthogneiss is the least deformed petrographic unit. It shows a heterogranular granoblastic texture with a mineral assemblage formed by quartz, K-feldspars, biotite, etc., within the orthogneiss, remains of magmatic fluidality can still be observed marked by feldspar megacrystal. Field observations reveal a net progression of the intensity of deformation of orthogeisses to ultramylotinised granites having an identical chemical composition as the orthogneisses...
description: conference
The Agricultural Situation in Communist Areas: Review of 1971 and Outlook for 1972
Creators: name: Byrne, Angel O.
name: Collins, H. Christine
name: Larsen, Marion R.
name: Byrne, Angel O.
name: Collins, H. Christine
name: Larsen, Marion R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: USSR
subject: Eastern Europe
subject: Mainland China
subject: Agricultural production
subject: Foreign trade
subject: Competition

description: Agricultural performance in the Communist Countries was generally favorable in 1971. In the USSR and Mainland China, production remained at the high level of 1970. A small decline in Soviet crop production was offset by an increase in livestock output. Also, livestock gained in Mainland China while the grain harvest was lower. East European Agriculture, however, recovered sharply in 1971 after suffering from flood damage and winterkill in 1970.
Physics-informed Tensor-train ConvLSTM for Volumetric Velocity Forecasting of Loop Current
Creators: name: Huang, Yu
name: Tang, Yufei
name: Zhuang, Hanqi
name: VanZwieten, James
name: Cherubin, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: According to the National Academies, a weekly forecast of velocity, vertical structure, and duration of the Loop Current (LC) and its eddies is critical for understanding the oceanography and ecosystem, and for mitigating outcomes of anthropogenic and natural disasters in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM). However, this forecast is a challenging problem since the LC behaviour is dominated by long-range spatial connections across multiple timescales. In this paper, we extend spatiotemporal predictive learning, showing its effectiveness beyond video prediction, to a 4D model, i.e., a novel Physics-informed Tensor-train ConvLSTM (PITT-ConvLSTM) for temporal sequences of 3D geospatial data forecasting. Specifically, we propose 1) a novel 4D higher-order recurrent neural network with empirical orthogonal function analysis to capture the hidden uncorrelated patterns of each hierarchy, 2) a convolutional tensor-train decomposition to capture higher-order space-time correlations, and 3) to incorporate prior physic knowledge that is provided from domain experts by informing the learning in latent space. The advantage of our proposed method is clear: constrained by physical laws, it simultaneously learns good representations for frame dependencies (both short-term and long-term high-level dependency) and inter-hierarchical relations within each time frame. Experiments on geospatial data collected from the GoM demonstrate that PITT-ConvLSTM outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in forecasting the volumetric velocity of the LC and its eddies for a period of over one week.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The Agricultural Situation in Communist Areas: Review of 1972 and Outlook for 1973
Creators: name: Communist Countries Branch, Foreign Demand
name: Communist Countries Branch, Foreign Demand
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: USSR
subject: Eastern Europe
subject: People's Republic of China
subject: Agricultural inputs
subject: Agricultural production
subject: Foreign trade

description: Agricultural production in 1972 declined in the USSR and the People's Republic of China (PRC), due mainly to weather problems which reduced most major crops. Livestock output in these countries changed relatively little, partly because of much larger purchases of foreign grain. Overall, Eastern Europe did well with both crops and livestock. The USSR and PRC plan sharp rebounds in total farm output in 1973, while Eastern Europe hopes for continued agricultural progress.
Dallithyris dubia Cooper 1981
Creators: name: Bitner, Maria Aleksandra
name: Logan, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Terebratulidae
Dallithyris
Dallithyris dubia

description: Dallithyris dubia Cooper, 1981
(Fig. 7; Table 5)
 Dallithyris ? dubia Cooper, 1981a: 21, 22, pl. 4, figs 21-29. — Zezina 1985: 149; 2010: 1184.
 MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Mozambique Channel. MAINBAZA, stn CP 3138, 7 bivalved specimens, 1 dorsal valve. — Stn CP 3141, 34 bivalved specimens, 2 ventral valves, 1 dorsal valve.
DEPTH RANGE. — 684- 707 m.
MEASUREMENTS. — See Table 5.
DESCRIPTION
Shell of medium size (maximum length of 21.9 mm), thin, elongate oval to subtriangular in outline, ventribiconvex. Shell surface smooth with numerous, distinct growth lines. Beak suberect, foramen large, circular, permesothyrid. Symphytium small, slightly concave, partially visible. Anterior commissure rectimarginate to incipiently uniplicate.
Ventral valve interior (Fig. 7F) with small teeth and short, excavate pedicle collar. Dorsal valve interior with long inner socket ridges and triangular and distinct cardinal process (Fig. 7H, I). Outer hinge plates relatively narrow, concave. Loop short with a broad transverse band angularly folded (Fig. 7 G-I).
REMARKS
 The genus Dallithyris, with type species D. murrayi, was first established by Muir-Wood in 1959 from specimens obtained from the Maldive Islands and Saya de Malha Bank in the Indian Ocean. Later Cooper (1981a) questionably assigned four specimens from Samper Bank to Dallithyris, recognizing the uncertainty of the loop characteristics of the type species. We assign our specimens to Dallithyris notwithstanding, based on the similarity of the loop in Fig. 7H, I to that illustrated by Cooper in his plate 4, fig. 28. Apart from the type of loop, the beak character supports assignment of D. dubia to the genus Dallithyris. In Stenosarina Cooper, 1977 the beak is nearly straight, whereas in Kanakythyris Laurin, 1997 it is incurved with a very small foramen (Laurin 1997; Bitner 2009). Dallithyris dubia differs from its congeneric species in being much smaller (see Muir-Wood 1959; Cooper 1983; Bitner 2006b, 2007, 2008, 2014). D. dubia was found only in the Mozambique Channel in our study, where it is relatively common.
description: Published as part of Bitner, Maria Aleksandra & Logan, Alan, 2016, Recent Brachiopoda from the Mozambique-Madagascar area, western Indian Ocean, pp. 5-41 in Zoosystema 38 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n1a1, http://zenodo.org/record/4578148
Influence of point defects on magnetic vortex structures
Creators: name: Rahm, M.
name: Hoellinger, R.
name: Umansky, V.
name: Weiss, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employed micro-Hall magnetometry and micromagnetic simulations to investigate magnetic vortex pinning at single point defects in individual submicron-sized permalloy disks. Small ferromagnetic particles containing artificial point defects can be fabricated by using an image reversal electron beam lithography process. Corresponding micromagnetic calculations, modeling the defects within the disks as holes, give reasonable agreement between experimental and simulated pinning and depinning field values.
Comments on Likelihood fits with variable resolution
Creators: name: Punzi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unbinned likelihood fits are frequent in Physics, and often involve complex functions with several components. We discuss the potential pitfalls of situations where the templates used in the fit are not fixed but depend on the event observables, as it happens when the resolution of the measurement is event--dependent, and the procedure to avoid them.
description: Talk from PhyStat2003, Stanford, Ca, USA, September 2003, 3 pages, LaTeX, 4 eps figures. PSN WELT002
Deformation of the Onaping Formation in the NE-lobe of the Sudbury Igneous Complex, Canada: Evidence for fold adjustment flow in the core of a km-scale fold
Creators: name: Klimczak, Christian
name: Riller, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: The synformal geometry of the 1.85Ga Sudbury Igneous Complex (SIC), an impact melt sheet resulting from largemagnitude meteorite impact, attests to post-impact deformation. However, in contrast to the overlying Onaping Formation, a heterolithic impact melt breccia, the SIC shows little evidence for pervasive ductile strain. This pertains in particular to its NE-lobe characterized by a curvature of about 100° in plain view. This curvature has been interpreted either as a fold or as a primary feature. In order to test these scenarios, a detailed structural analysis was conducted in the core of the NE-lobe, which consists of rocks of the Onaping Formation...
description: conference
GPS-gestützte Kartierung gravitativer Massenverlagerungen an der Röt/ Muschelkalk-Grenze im Göttinger Wald
Creators: name: Bense, Frithjof
name: Ertl, Gabriele
name: Battaglia, Maurizio
name: Vollbrecht, Axel
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: Gravitative Massenverlagerungen entlang der Muschelkalkschichtstufe gehören zur natürlichen Morphodynamik. Durch die unterschiedliche Erosionsresistenz der relativ inkompetenten Ton- und Mergelsteine des Röt und der direkt darüber anstehenden widerstandsfähigeren Kalkgesteinen des Unteren Muschelkalks hat sich ein Steilhang im Übergang dieser Einheiten ausgeprägt. Ein unruhiges Relief des Schichtstufenhangs zeugt an vielen Stellen von gravitativen Massenverlagerungen. Zur detaillierten Kartierung dieser gravitativen Massenverlagerungen am Hünstollen im Göttinger Wald (10km nordöstlich von Göttingen) wurden Zweifrequenz-GPS-Messungen durchgeführt. Mittels differentieller Korrektur der gesammelten GPS-Daten konnte eine horizontale Präzision der Positionsbestimmung von bis zu 10 cm auf freier Fläche und bis zu 40 cm im Wald erreicht werden. Zusammen mit Schichtflächenmessungen ermöglichen die gesammelten Daten eine hochauflösende Darstellung einzelner Strukturelemente, Rückschlüsse auf die stattgefundenen Bewegungsabläufe sowie eine relative zeitliche Zuordnung der einzelnen Rutschkörper...
description: conference
Stenosarina Cooper 1977
Creators: name: Bitner, Maria Aleksandra
name: Logan, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Terebratulidae
Stenosarina

description: Genus Stenosarina Cooper, 1977
 TYPE SPECIES. — Stenosarina angustata Cooper, 1977, by original designation of Cooper (1977: 95).
description: Published as part of Bitner, Maria Aleksandra & Logan, Alan, 2016, Recent Brachiopoda from the Mozambique-Madagascar area, western Indian Ocean, pp. 5-41 in Zoosystema 38 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.5252/z2016n1a1, http://zenodo.org/record/4578148
Study of the One- and Two-Band Models for Colossal Magnetoresistive Manganites Using the Truncated Polynomial Expansion Method
Creators: name: Sen, C.
name: Alvarez, G.
name: Motome, Y.
name: Furukawa, N.
name: Sergienko, I. A.
name: Schulthess, T.
name: Moreo, A.
name: Dagotto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considerable progress has been recently made in the theoretical understanding of the colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effect in manganites. The analysis of simple models with two competing states and a resistor network approximation to calculate conductances has confirmed that CMR effects can be theoretically reproduced using non-uniform clustered states. In this paper, the recently proposed Truncated Polynomial Expansion method (TPEM) for spin-fermion systems is tested using the double-exchange one-band, with finite Hund coupling $J_{\rm H}$, and two-band, with infinite $J_{\rm H}$, models. Two dimensional lattices as large as 48$\times$48 are studied, far larger than those that can be handled with standard exact diagonalization (DIAG) techniques for the fermionic sector. The clean limit (i.e. without quenched disorder) is here analyzed in detail. Phase diagrams are obtained, showing first-order transitions separating ferromagnetic metallic from insulating states. A huge magnetoresistance is found at low temperatures by including small magnetic fields, in excellent agreement with experiments. However, at temperatures above the Curie transition the effect is much smaller confirming that the standard finite-temperature CMR phenomenon cannot be understood using homogeneous states. By comparing results between the two methods, TPEM and DIAG, on small lattices, and by analyzing the systematic behavior with increasing cluster sizes, it is concluded that the TPEM is accurate to handle realistic manganite models on large systems. Our results pave the way to a frontal computational attack of the colossal magnetoresistance phenomenon using double-exchange like models, on large clusters, and including quenched disorder.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures
How does the entropy/information bound work ?
Creators: name: Bekenstein, Jacob D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the universal entropy bound, the entropy (and hence information capacity) of a complete weakly self-gravitating physical system can be bounded exclusively in terms of its circumscribing radius and total gravitating energy. The bound's correctness is supported by explicit statistical calculations of entropy, gedanken experiments involving the generalized second law, and Bousso's covariant holographic bound. On the other hand, it is not always obvious in a particular example how the system avoids having too many states for given energy, and hence violating the bound. We analyze in detail several purported counterexamples of this type (involving systems made of massive particles, systems at low temperature, systems with high degeneracy of the lowest excited states, systems with degenerate ground states, or involving a particle spectrum with proliferation of nearly massless species), and exhibit in each case the mechanism behind the bound's efficacy.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages. Contribution to the special issue of Foundation of Physics in honor of Asher Peres; C. Fuchs and A. van der Merwe, eds
Deformations of chiral algebras
Creators: name: Tamarkin, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14, 18

description: We start studying chiral algebras (as defined by A. Beilinson and V. Drinfeld) from the point of view of deformation theory. First, we define the notion of deformation of a chiral algebra on a smooth curve $X$ over a bundle of local artinian commutative algebras on $X$ equipped with a flat connection (whereas `usual' algebraic structures are deformed over a local artinian algebra) and we show that such deformations are controlled by a certain *-Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$. Then we try to contemplate a possible additional structure on $\mathfrak g$ and we conjecture that this structure up to homotopy is a chiral analogue of Gerstenhaber algebra, i.e. a coisson algebra with odd coisson bracket (in the terminology of Beilinson-Drinfeld). Finally, we discuss possible applications of this structure to the problem of quantization of coisson algebras.
Additional file 7 of Understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of meningitis epidemics outside the belt: the case of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
Creators: name: Mazamay, Serge
name: Bompangue, Didier
name: Jean-François Guégan
name: Jean-Jacques Muyembe
name: Raoul, Francis
name: Broutin, Hélène
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S3. Time-series decomposition using LOESS regression for meningitis, for primary cluster, secondary cluster 4 and secondary cluster 5, DRC, 2000–2012.
Energy dispersion compensation and beam loading in X-band linacs for the JLC/NLC
Creators: name: Jones, R. M.
name: Dolgashev, V. A.
name: Miller, R. H.
name: Adolphsen, C.
name: Wang, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape of an RF pulse is distorted upon propagating through an X-band accelerator structure due to dispersive effects. This distortion together with beam loading introduce energy spread between 192 bunches. In order to minimize this energy spread we modify the input RF pulse shape. The pulse propagation, energy gain, and beam loading are modelled with a mode-matching computer code and a circuit model. A 2D model and a circuit model of a complete 60 cm structure, consisting of 55 cells and input and output couplers is analyzed. This structure operates with a 5pi/6 phase advance per cell. Dispersive effects for this structure are more significant than for previously studied 2pi/3 phase advance accelerating structures. Experimental results are compared with the theoretical model and excellent agreement is obtained for the propagation of an RF pulse through the structure.
description: Four pages including cover page. Contributed to PAC2003, Portland, Oregon, USA
Low frequency variations, Chandler and annual wobbles of polar motion asobserved over one century
Creators: name: Höpfner, Joachim
Publisher: name: GFZ, Helmholtz-Zentrum
Year: 2003

description: Polar motion data is available from the mid-19th century to the present. Based on time series with a variety of sampling intervals (monthly, 0.05-year, 5-day and daily), we have separated the low-frequency terms by low-pass filtering and the Chandler and annual terms by recursive band-pass filtering of the pole coordinates. Using a simple unweighted least-squares fit to the filtered low-frequency terms, the linear trends of the rotation pole were estimated. Assessing the estimates based on intercomparisons, the most reliable trend estimate was found. Using a Fast Fourier Transform, we have computed the prograde, retrograde and total amplitude spectra of the low-frequency part of polar motion in order to reveal the long-periodic signals. The characteristics and time evolution of the Chandler and annual wobbles are described by changes in their parameters (radii, directions and period lengths) over one century.
description: report
Estimating the impact of current farm dams development on the surface water resources of the Onkaparinga River Catchment
Creators: name: Teoh, Kim S.
Publisher: name: Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation, Adelaide, SA
Year: 2003

description: The Mt Lofty Ranges Water Resources Assessment Program is an initiative of the Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation. The purpose of the Program is to quantify and assess the condition of surface and groundwater resources of the Mt Lofty Ranges Region. The assessments undertaken within the Program include hydrological modelling, reviews of the surface water monitoring network, the construction of new streamflow gauging stations, and the determination of environmental flows. These assessments are undertaken in partnership with other relevant agencies including catchment water management boards, the Environment Protection Authority, and the South Australian Water Corporation. This study is one of several comprehensive hydrological assessments of priority catchments in the region. Being the first, it provides an important technical foundation for collated reports assessing the resources across the region. In turn, these collated reports will inform policy decisions that will be made on future management of the natural resources in the region.
description: report
title: Aquifer storage and recovery
title: future directions for South Australia
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Martin, Russell
name: Dillion, Peter
Publisher: name: Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation, Adelaide, SA
Year: 2002

description: Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) has the potential to utilise surface water resources, including urban stormwater runoff and treated wastewater that is largely wasted; thereby relieving the pressure on groundwater resources. In the broader sense, opportunities exist to use ASR to rethink our traditional water management and distribution policies, and to provide cost-effective and innovative alternatives to current methods of water supply. In South Australia, an increasing amount of stress is being placed on surface and groundwater resources to meet demands from expanding irrigated horticultural areas and urban populations. ASR can be used to reduce some of the pressure on traditional supplies of water, especially in metropolitan areas. But the sources of water for ASR must be carefully considered especially in rural areas so as not to shift the burden from one water supply source to another. A number of issues surround the use of ASR as a water management solution and these relate principally to water quality and water quantity. In rural areas, for example, the 'harvesting' of water from creeks and streams may result in extra pressure on an already stressed resource by further reducing the amount of water available to the environment. In urban areas the expanse of paved surfaces provides an ideal medium to capture large volumes of stormwater runoff. However, the volumes are often well in excess of any potential local demand. Understanding ASR technology ensures success in almost all situations ...
description: report
Tests of stellar model atmospheres by optical interferometry: VLTI/VINCI limb-darkening measurements of the M4 giant psi phe
Creators: name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Aufdenberg, J. P.
name: Kervella, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present K-band interferometric measurements of the limb-darkened intensity profile of the M4 giant star psi Phoenicis obtained with VLTI/VINCI. High-precision squared visibility amplitudes in the second lobe of the visibility function were obtained employing two 8.2 m UTs. This succeeded one month after light from UTs was first combined for interferometric fringes. In addition, we sampled the visibility function at small spatial frequencies using the 40cm test siderostats. Our measurement constrains the diameter of the star as well as its CLV. We construct a spherical hydrostatic PHOENIX model atmosphere based on spectrophotometric data from the literature and confront its CLV prediction with our interferometric measurement. We compare as well CLV predictions by plane-parallel hydrostatic PHOENIX, ATLAS9, and ATLAS12 models. We find that the Rosseland angular diameter as predicted by comparison of the spherical PHOENIX model with spectrophotometry is in good agreement with our interferometric diameter measurement. The shape of our measured visibility function in the second lobe is consistent with all considered PHOENIX and ATLAS model predictions, and significantly different from UD and FDD models. We derive high-precision fundamental parameters for psi Phe, namely a Rosseland angular diameter of 8.13 +/- 0.2 mas, with the Hipparcos parallax corresponding to a Rosseland linear radius R of 86 +/- 3 Rsun and an effective temperature of 3550 +/- 50 K, with R corresponding to a luminosity of log (L/Lsun)=3.02 +/- 0.06. Together with evolutionary models, these values are consistent with a mass of 1.3 +/- 0.2 Msun, and a surface gravity of log g = 0.68 +/- 0.11.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Galaxies with Declining Rotation Curves
Creators: name: Zobnina, D. I.
name: Zasov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sample of 22 spiral galaxies compiled from published data is studied. The galaxy rotation curves pass through a maximum distance of more than $\sim 1$ kpc from the center with a subsequent decrease in the rotation velocity. The galaxy position in the Tully-Fisher (TF) and baryonic Tully-Fisher (BTF) diagrams show that the values of maximum rotation velocities are located on the same sequence with other galaxies, while the velocities at the disk periphery for some galaxies are significantly lower than the expected values for a given mass or luminosity. Thus, the decrease in the rotation curve can be associated with a reduced contribution of the dark halo to the rotation velocity. For seven galaxies with the longest rotation curves, the disk mass was estimated to be with the dark halo (Newtonian model) and without the halo (modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) model). In four of the galaxies, the MOND model encounters difficulties in interpreting the rotation curve: in order to be consistent with the observations, the MOND parameter $a_0$ should differ significantly from the expected value $a_0 \sim 10^{-8}$ cm/s$^2$, while the disk mass exceeds the value based on IR photometry and maximum disk model. The conflict with MOND is the most significant for NGC 157.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
The WEBT BL Lacertae Campaign 2001 and its extension
Creators: name: Villata, M.
name: Raiteri, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BL Lacertae has been the target of four observing campaigns by the Whole Earth Blazar Telescope (WEBT) collaboration. In this paper we present $UBVRI$ light curves obtained by the WEBT from 1994 to 2002, including the last, extended BL Lac 2001 campaign. A total of about 7500 optical observations performed by 31 telescopes from Japan to Mexico have been collected, to be added to the $\sim 15600$ observations of the BL Lac Campaign 2000. All these data allow one to follow the source optical emission behaviour with unprecedented detail. The analysis of the colour indices reveals that the flux variability can be interpreted in terms of two components: longer-term variations occurring on a few-day time scale appear as mildly-chromatic events, while a strong bluer-when-brighter chromatism characterizes very fast (intraday) flares. By decoupling the two components, we quantify the degree of chromatism inferring that longer-term flux changes imply moving along a $\sim 0.1$ bluer-when-brighter slope in the $B-R$ versus $R$ plane; a steeper slope of $\sim 0.4$ would distinguish the shorter-term variations. This means that, when considering the long-term trend, the $B$-band flux level is related to the $R$-band one according to a power law of index $\sim 1.1$. Doppler factor variations on a "convex" spectrum could be the mechanism accounting for both the long-term variations and their slight chromatism.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures (4 included in the text, 5 in jpg format), to be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics
High Density Effective Theory of QCD
Creators: name: Hong, Deog Ki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the salient features of the high density effective theory (HDET) of QCD, elaborating more on the matching for vector-vector correlators and axial-vector-vector correlators, which are related to screening mass and axial anomaly, respectively. We then apply HDET to discuss various color-superconducting phases of dense QCD. We also review a recent proposal to solve the sign problem in dense fermionic matter, using the positivity property of HDET. Positivity of HDET allows us to establish rigorous inequalities in QCD at asymptotic density and to show vector symmetry except the fermion number is not spontaneously broken at asymptotic density.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, revtex 4, Talk given at Workshop on Finite Density QCD at Nara, Nara, Japan, 10-12 Jul 2003 and also at NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Superdense QCD Matter and Compact Stars, Yerevan, Armenia, 27 Sep - 4 Oct 2003
The Agricultural Situation in Western Europe: Review of 1972 and Outlook for 1973
Creators: name: Developed Countries Branch, Foreign Demand
name: Developed Countries Branch, Foreign Demand
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Political Economy
subject: Western Europe
subject: agricultural production
subject: structure
subject: trade
subject: trade policies
subject: corn
subject: European Community
subject: inflation

description: Agricultural output in Western Europe continued at a high level in 1972. Grain output reached a new record, but red meat output declined as cattle herds were built up. Milk production increased, resulting in butter surpluses. U.S. agricultural exports to Western Europe grew in 1972. The recent enlargement of the European Community will adversely affect some U.S. agricultural exports. Inflation and a new currency crisis are major factors affecting the West European outlook. The structure of European agriculture's being modernized, but the pace is very gradual.