cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ghost free dual vector theories in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Dalmazi, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore here the issue of duality versus spectrum equivalence in abelian vector theories in 2+1 dimensions. Specifically we examine a generalized self-dual (GSD) model where a Maxwell term is added to the self-dual model. A gauge embedding procedure applied to the GSD model leads to a Maxwell-Chern-Simons (MCS) theory with higher derivatives. We show that the latter contains a ghost mode contrary to the original GSD model. On the other hand, the same embedding procedure can be applied to $N_f$ fermions minimally coupled to the self-dual model. The dual theory corresponds to $N_f$ fermions with an extra Thirring term coupled to the gauge field via a Pauli-like term. By integrating over the fermions at $N_f\to\infty$ in both matter coupled theories we obtain effective quadratic theories for the corresponding vector fields. On one hand, we have a nonlocal type of the GSD model. On the other hand, we have a nonlocal form of the MCS theory. It turns out that both theories have the same spectrum and are ghost free. By figuring out why we do not have ghosts in this case we are able to suggest a new master action which takes us from the local GSD to a nonlocal MCS model with the same spectrum of the original GSD model and ghost free. Furthermore, there is a dual map between both theories at classical level which survives quantum correlation functions up to contact terms. The remarks made here may be relevant for other applications of the master action approach.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Distributional Impacts of Country-of-Origin Labeling in the U.S. Meat Industry
Creators: name: Brester, Gary W.
name: Marsh, John M.
name: Atwood, Joseph A.
name: Brester, Gary W.
name: Marsh, John M.
name: Atwood, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: country-of-origin labeling
subject: equilibrium displacement model
subject: producer surplus

description: Concerns about the negative effects of U.S. meat and livestock imports on domestic livestock prices have increased interest in country-of origin labeling (COOL) legislation. An equilibrium displacement model is used to estimate short-run and long-run changes in equilibrium prices and quantities of meat and livestock in the beef, pork, and poultry sectors resulting from the implementation of COOL. Retail beef and pork demand would have to experience a one-time, permanent increase of 4.05% and 4.45%, respectively, so that feeder cattle and hog producers do not lose producer surplus over a 10-year period.
The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Definition of Disability and Prohibition of Deprivation of Liberty on the Basis of Mental Disability
Creators: name: Kazou, Aikaterini
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis focuses on the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons of Disabilities (CRPD), and seeks to determine two main issues. First, whether the CRPD adopts the British ‘social model’ approach to disability, or rather defines disability in a way which is closer to WHO’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) conceptualisation. Second, whether the English law, in particular the Mental Health Act 1983 (MHA 1983) and the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MCA 2005), complies with the prohibition under Article 14 of the CRPD of deprivation of liberty on the basis of mental disability.With regard to the first issue, based on the examination of the British ‘social model’ approach, the ICF conceptualisation and the definition of disability in the CRPD, it finds that the CRPD defines disability in a way which is closer to the ICF conceptualisation.With regard to the second issue, based on the examination of Article 14 of the CRPD, the MHA 1983 and the MCA 2005, it finds that the English law fails to comply with the CRPD prohibition of deprivation of liberty on the basis of mental disability.
Divergence and convergence of inertial particles in high Reynolds number turbulence
Creators: name: Oujia, Thibault
name: Matsuda, Keigo
name: Schneider, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76F05, 76F65, 76T99, 76F25

description: Inertial particle data from three-dimensional direct numerical simulations of particle-laden homogeneous isotropic turbulence at high Reynolds number are analyzed using Voronoi tessellation of the particle positions, considering different Stokes numbers. A finite-time measure to quantify the divergence of the particle velocity by determining the volume change rate of the Voronoi cells is proposed. For inertial particles the probability distribution function (PDF) of the divergence deviates from that for fluid particles. Joint PDFs of the divergence and the Voronoi volume illustrate that the divergence is most prominent in cluster regions and less pronounced in void regions. For larger volumes the results show negative divergence values which represent cluster formation (i.e. particle convergence) and for small volumes the results show positive divergence values which represents cluster destruction/void formation (i.e. particle divergence). Moreover, when the Stokes number increases the divergence takes larger values, which gives some evidence why fine clusters are less observed for large Stokes numbers. Theoretical analyses further show that the divergence for random particles in random flow satisfies a PDF corresponding to the ratio of two independent variables following normal and gamma distributions in one dimension. Extending this model to three dimensions, the predicted PDF agrees reasonably well with Monte-Carlo simulations and DNS data of fluid particles.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
Controllable Text Generation And Ethical Implications
Creators: name: Prabhumoye, Shrimai
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing not elsewhere classified

description: The 21st century is witnessing a major shift in the way people interact with technology and Natural Language Generation (NLG) is playing a central role. Users of smartphones and smart home devices now expect their gadgets to be aware of their situation, and to produce natural language outputs in interactions. This thesis identifies three aspects of human communication to make machines sound human-like - style, content and structure. This thesis provides deep learning solutions to controlling these variables in neural text generation. I first outline the various modules which could be manipulated to perform effective controllable text generation. I provide two novel solutions for style transfer – using back-translation technique, and tag and generate approach. I also introduce two new tasks for style transfer and provide datasets for further exploration – political slant transfer and politeness transfer. I establish the task of document grounded generation which leverages information from unstructured documents for the generation process. I introduce two new tasks for document grounded generation – Wikipedia Update generation and Document Grounded Dialogue Response generation. Furthermore, I build two new extensions to pre-trained encoder-decoder models to solve this task. I also design a new elegant solution for the sentence ordering task to learn effective document structures. For all three tasks of style transfer, document grounded generation and sentence order, I add importance to the human evaluation of the models. I introduce new human evaluation measures for understanding the notion of grounding and for understanding the quality of predictions in sentence ordering. At the end, I provide a discussion on the ethical considerations of the applications of controllable text generation. Specifically, I use deontological ethics to evaluate NLP systems and discuss how controllable text generation techniques can be used to make these systems ethical
Effects of Country-of-Origin Labeling on Meat Producers and Consumers
Creators: name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Anderson, John D.
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Anderson, John D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: beef
subject: country of origin
subject: equilibrium displacement model
subject: labeling
subject: pork
subject: poultry

description: Although several studies have estimated the costs of country-of-origin labeling (COOL), no previous study has documented how these costs will be distributed across the livestock sector or how producer and consumer welfare will be affected. This analysis presents an equilibrium displacement model of the farm, wholesale, and retail markets for beef, pork, and poultry that documents how producers and consumers will be affected by COOL. Findings reveal that as the costs of COOL are shifted from the producer to the processor and retailer, producers are made increasingly better off while consumers are made increasingly worse off. Further, an increase in aggregate consumer demand of 2% to 3% is likely sufficient to offset lost producer welfare due to COOL costs.
Household Expenditure Patterns for Carbohydrate Sources in Russia
Creators: name: Shiptsova, Rimma
name: Goodwin, Harold L.
name: Holcomb, Rodney B.
name: Shiptsova, Rimma
name: Goodwin, Harold L.
name: Holcomb, Rodney B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: carbohydrate sources
subject: consumer demand
subject: demographic variables
subject: household survey
subject: Russia
subject: Shonkwiler and Yen consistent two-step estimation procedure

description: This study provides a unique view of the demand for carbohydrate sources in Russia at the household level. The data used in this analysis were obtained from a 1996 survey in eight Russian metropolitan areas. An almost ideal demand system (AIDS) model is used to examine the expenditures for potatoes, bread, flour, rice, and pasta. The impacts of household demographic factors on the consumption of carbohydrates are also discussed.
Medium effects on $Ξ^-$ production in the nuclear ($K^-$, $K^+$) reaction
Creators: name: Harada, Toru
name: Hirabayashi, Yoshiharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically medium effects on $Ξ^-$ production in the ($K^-$, $K^+$) reaction, using the optimal Fermi-averaging procedure which describes the Fermi motion of a nucleon on the on-energy-shell $K^-p\to K^+Ξ^-$ reaction condition in nuclei. The result shows the strong energy and angular dependence of the in-medium $K^-p\to K^+Ξ^-$ cross section,which affects significantly the shape and magnitude of the production spectrum for $Ξ^-$ hypernuclear states in the ($K^-$, $K^+$) reaction on a nuclear target.The application to the $Ξ^-$ quasi-free production via the ($K^-$, $K^+$) reaction on a $^{12}$C target is also discussed in a Fermi gas model.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Environmentally Adjusted Agricultural Productivity in the Great Plains
Creators: name: Rezek, Jon P.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
name: Rezek, Jon P.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: agricultural productivity
subject: distance function
subject: environmental externalities
subject: nitrogen
subject: pesticides
subject: technical change bias

description: This study adjusts 1960-1996 agricultural productivity gains in a panel of Great Plains states to account for the discharge of pesticide and nitrogen effluents into the environment. The agricultural-environmental technology is approximated with translog distance functions that allow us to contrast traditional versus environmentally adjusted productivity gains. Findings indicate technical change has been increasingly biased toward environmentally friendly production. While the environmental adjustment reduced overall productivity gains during the sample period, in recent years adjusted productivity outpaced the traditional measure, reflecting the pro-environment bias in technical change.
Simulating Wide-Field Quasar Surveys from the Optical to Near-Infrared
Creators: name: Maddox, Natasha
name: Hewett, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of deep, wide-field, near-infrared surveys employing new infrared cameras on 4m-class telescopes are about to commence. These surveys have the potential to determine the fraction of luminous dust-obscured quasars that may have eluded surveys undertaken at optical wavelengths. In order to understand the new observations it is essential to make accurate predictions of surface densities and number-redshift relations for unobscured quasars in the near-infrared based on information from surveys at shorter wavelengths. The accuracy of the predictions depends critically on a number of key components. The commonly used single power-law representation for quasar SEDs is inadequate and the use of an SED incorporating the upturn in continuum flux at lambda~12000 A is essential. The presence of quasar host galaxies is particularly important over the restframe wavelength interval 8000 < lambda < 16000 A and we provide an empirical determination of the magnitude distribution of host galaxies using a low redshift sample of quasars from the SDSS DR3 quasar catalogue. A range of models for the dependence of host galaxy luminosity on quasar luminosity is investigated, along with the implications for the near-infrared surveys. Even adopting a conservative model for the behaviour of host galaxy luminosity the number counts for shallow surveys in the K-band increase by a factor of two. The degree of morphological selection applied to define candidate quasar samples in the near-infrared is found to be an important factor in determining the fraction of the quasar population included in such samples.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, accepted MNRAS
The Implementation of Strategic Planning in Developing Private Schools’ Supervisors’ Practices in Muscat, Oman
Creators: name: Al-Ajmi, Ahmed A.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The current study aimed to investigate the implementation of strategic planning in developing private schools’ supervisors’ practices in Muscat, Oman; and to evaluate their perceived effects on fostering senior teachers’ continuous professional development (CPD). Teacher CPD is mainly fostered by supervisory practices that are guided and directed by senior management’s new initiative which is strategic planning (SP) in this context. Thus, an attempt was made to make the connections between the three topics to create a conceptual framework which can be used as a basis to answer the questions of the current study.A mixed-method design was used to collect and analyse data. The main aim was to corroborate between qualitative and quantitative data through triangulation. Three senior managers, 31 supervisors and 200 senior teachers participated in the study. Data were collected sequentially through analysing 17 documentary analysis, conducting 33 semi-structured interviews, and administering 231 questionnaires. The findings revealed that supervisors used between three to five steps in creating their supervisory plans (plan preparation, SWOT analysis, plan formulation, implementation, evaluation). However, there were variations between supervisors in different subjects and between supervisors within the same subject in applying these steps.The outcomes also showed that there were some benefits which were achieved from implementing SP in educational supervision. Examples of these benefits included having a unified vision, collecting and analysing data, working collaboratively with other sections, and avoiding disorganisation at work. Senior teachers’ responses showed that they were highly satisfied with supervisory practices and asked for more supervisory visits to get more guidance and support.On the other hand, some challenges were encountered by supervisors in implementing strategic planning such as shortages of supervisors’ supplies, insufficient strategic planning training, limited follow-ups by senior managers, and resistance to change. Therefore, some suggestions were provided to overcome these challenges.
title: Culture of Fairness
title: Sport in Foreign Policy – Opportunities and Challenges. Conference Report, Brussels 10 December 2014
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Haß, Julia
name: Institut Für Auslandsbeziehungen
Publisher: name: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 10505 International Relations, International Politics, Foreign Affairs, Development Policy

description: In what ways can sport be seen or used as a form of “soft power”? To what degree can global sport play a part in achieving wider foreign policy goals? How can the governance of global sport be improved? Should nation states formulate a more ‘realpolitik’ or ‘ethically based approach’? To what degree can sport be used to aid wider development goals? To what extent can sport enhance intercultural communication and mutual understanding?
 On 10 December 2014 academics and practitioners in the field of global sport discussed these issues at the international conference “Culture of Fairness: Sport in Foreign Policy – Opportunities and Challenges”. The conference took place at the Representation of the State of Baden-Württemberg to the EU. It was organised by ifa’s Research Programme “Culture and Foreign Policy”.
description: ifa Edition Culture and Foreign Policy
An Analysis of the Effects of Uncertainty and Irreversibility on Farmer Participation in the Conservation Reserve Program
Creators: name: Isik, Murat
name: Yang, Wanhong
name: Isik, Murat
name: Yang, Wanhong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: conservation
subject: CRP
subject: farmer participation
subject: land rental payments
subject: option values
subject: uncertainty

description: A real options model is developed to examine the determinants of farmer participation in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). This study contributes to the literature by developing a framework for ex post analysis of uncertainty and irreversibility. It extends the applications of real options models to analyze farmer participation in the CRP. The model incorporates land and owner attributes, and determines whether uncertainty and irreversibility affect the probability of participation. Option values play a significant role in farmer decisions to retire land by reducing the probability of participation. These results have implications for the design and implementation of conservation programs.
Wessel, Klaus (hrsg.): Reallexikon zur Byzantinischen Kunst
Creators: name: Djobadze, Wachtang Z.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 52 (1968): Oriens christianus, Band 52
Improved isotope-shift-based bounds on bosons beyond the Standard Model through measurements of the $^2$D$_{3/2} - ^2$D$_{5/2}$ interval in Ca$^+$
Creators: name: Solaro, Cyrille
name: Meyer, Steffen
name: Fisher, Karin
name: Berengut, Julian C.
name: Fuchs, Elina
name: Drewsen, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform high-resolution spectroscopy of the $3$d$~^2$D$_{3/2} - 3$d$~^2$D$_{5/2}$ interval in all stable even isotopes of $^A$Ca$^+$ (A = 40, 42, 44, 46 and 48) with an accuracy of $\sim$ 20 Hz using direct frequency-comb Raman spectroscopy. Combining these data with isotope shift measurements of the 4s$~^2$S$_{1/2} \leftrightarrow 3$d$~^2$D$_{5/2}$ transition, we carry out a King plot analysis with unprecedented sensitivity to coupling between electrons and neutrons by bosons beyond the Standard Model. Furthermore, we estimate the sensitivity to such bosons from equivalent spectroscopy in Ba$^+$ and Yb$^+$. Finally, the data yield isotope shifts of the 4s$~^2$S$_{1/2} \leftrightarrow 3$d$~^2$D$_{3/2}$ transition at 10 part-per-billion through combination with recent data of Knollmann et al (2019).
description: 6 pages + appendix, 3 figures, 2 tables
Development of a piezoelectric tool actuator for precision turning
Creators: name: Woronko, Andrew Stanley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Precision turning as an alternative to conventional finish machining operations of cylindrical components offers significant reductions in manufacturing cost and cycle time. In this thesis the development of a piezoelectric tool actuator for precision turning of shafts is presented. A review of research conducted in the areas of precision turning, piezoelectric actuator development, and micropositioning systems design is presented. Mounted to a conventional turning machine, the tool actuator overcomes the limitations of machine tool feed drives by providing precise control of the finishing depth of cut. In this manner part tolerances are achieved in one setup on a single machine, without the need for subsequent finishing operations. Design of the actuator system was driven by constraints on motion range and resolution, size, and structural properties. Tool motion is provided through the use of a high voltage piezoelectric translator housed within a monolithic solid flexure. A capacitive position sensor provides feedback of tool motion to the controller. In order to be practical in an industrial setting the actuator design is compact, and provides an interface for exchangeable tooling. The specifications of the actuator are 36 micron stroke, 370 N/micron stiffness, and 3200 Hz natural frequency (radial direction). A sliding mode control scheme was implemented to regulate tool position, and reject disturbances due to cutting forces and actuator non-linearity. The actuator was experimentally verified through machining tests in both laboratory and industrial sites. Results showed that positioning resolution of 20 nm is achievable in precision finishing, and that the commanded controller position was accurately reflected on the machine workpiece. Average surface roughness for 4340 steel (36-40 HRC) was less than 0.3 microns, and less than 0.15 microns for hardened 4320 steel (58-62 HRC).
A Bayesian Approach to Optimal Cross-Hedging of Cottonseed Products Using Soybean Complex Futures
Creators: name: Rahman, Shaikh Mahfuzur
name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: Turner, Steven C.
name: Rahman, Shaikh Mahfuzur
name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: Turner, Steven C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Bayesian decision science
subject: cottonseed
subject: cross-hedging
subject: risk management

description: Cottonseed crushers face substantial risk in terms of input and output price variability and they are limited in their planning by the lack of a viable futures contract for cottonseed or cottonseed products. This study examines the feasibility of cross-hedging cottonseed products using the soybean complex futures. Different cross-hedging strategies are evaluated for eight time horizons relative to the expected profit and utility of the crusher. A Bayesian approach is employed to estimate both model parameters and optimal hedge ratios, allowing consistency with expected utility maximization in the presence of estimation risk. The results reveal that both whole cottonseed and cottonseed products can be successfully cross-hedged using soybean complex futures. The profitability of cross-hedging cottonseed products depends on the size of the contract, the optimal choice of strategy, the time of hedge placement, and the hedging horizon.
Improving Cattle Basis Forecasting
Creators: name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin C.
name: Mintert, James R.
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Dhuyvetter, Kevin C.
name: Mintert, James R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: basis
subject: basis forecasts
subject: cattle prices
subject: current information
subject: hedging

description: Successful risk management strategies for agribusiness firms based on futures and options contracts are contingent on their ability to accurately forecast basis. This research addresses three primary questions as they relate to basis forecasting accuracy: (a) What is the impact of adopting a time-to-expiration approach, as compared to the more common calendar-date approach? (b) What is the optimal number of years to include in calculations when forecasting livestock basis using historical averages? and (c) What is the effect of incorporating current basis information into a historical-average-based forecast? Results indicate that use of the time-to-expiration approach has little impact on forecast accuracy compared to using a simple calendar approach, but forecast accuracy is improved by incorporating at least a portion of current basis information into basis forecasts.
Structural Parameters of Dwarf Galaxies in the Coma Cluster: On the Origin of dS0 Galaxies
Creators: name: Aguerri, J. A. L.
name: Iglesias-Páramo, J.
name: Vilchez, J. M.
name: Muñoz-Tuñón, C.
name: Sánchez-Janssen, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze the structural parameters of the dwarf galaxies in the Coma cluster with $-18 \le M_{B} \le -16$ and classify them in two types: those with surface brightness profiles well fitted by a single Sersic law were called dwarf ellipticals (dEs), and those fitted with Sersic-plus-exponential profiles were classified as dwarf lenticulars (dS0s). The comparison of the structural parameters of the dwarf galaxies in the Coma and Virgo clusters shows that they are analogous. Photometrically, the dE and dS0 galaxies in Coma are equivalent, having similar colors and global scales. However, the scale of the innermost parts (bulges) of dS0 galaxies is similar to the bulges of late-type spiral galaxies. In contrast, dEs have larger scales than the bulges of bright galaxies. This may indicate that dS0 and dE galaxies have different origins. While dE galaxies can come from dwarf irregulars (dIs) or from similar processes as bright Es, the origin of dS0 galaxies can be harassed bright late-type spiral galaxies.
description: 48 pages, 14 figure, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in AJ
The role of Type VI Secretion System in the virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae
Creators: name: Mwin, David
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The enterobacteria, especially the multidrug-resistant strains, pose a serious health threat with evolving virulence mechanisms against their host. The opportunistic pathogen, K. pneumoniae, is a leading cause of urinary tract infection, blood and pneumonia in patients at the hospital and remains a common isolate in community-acquired disease. Many bacteria, including K. pneumoniae, explore a range of factors /mechanisms such as secreted toxin and antibiotic resistance that may enhance their survival, virulence, and evasion of the host immune system. Type VI Secretion Systems (T6SSs) is a transmembrane “spring-loaded” toxin-translocating nanomolecular machinery recently characterized in over 25% of Proteobacteria. T6SS shares both structural and protein homology with phage tail and is considered to be reminiscent of the bacteriophage puncturing device. While available data suggest a diverse role of the toxin puncturing T6SS device in many Gram-negative bacteria, no experimental data have demonstrated the putative T6SS gene clusters’ role in the virulence of K. pneumoniae as at the time that this research work was conducted. In silico analysis, using a full range of bioinformatic tools were used to identify and map the T6SS gene cluster (T6SS1 and T6SS3) in K. pneumoniae. A library of molecular genetic tools was constructed via a novel strategy and used to disarm the resistance in MDR K. pneumoniae, which enhanced the safety and genetic manipulation of the strain for T6SS functional studies. Mainly, three T6SS mutants, ΔT1 (T6SS1 mutant), ΔT3 (T6SS3 mutant), and ΔT1ΔT3 (T6SS1/T6SS3 mutant) generated via lambda red recombination allelic exchange and were examined for the role of the T6SS gene clusters in K. pneumoniae. The data obtained from the various assays and analysis suggest that K. pneumoniae via T6SS mediated antibacterial virulence against other competing bacteria and played a significant role T4SS-mediated conjugal transfer of mobile genetic elements. K. pneumoniae used T6SS to resist amoeba phagocytosis and enhance subsequent survival within the cell. Also, T6SS increased in vivo virulence in Galleria larvae, host cell invasion, survival, actin filament polymerisation and activation of host pro-inflammatory innate immunity. Thus, the putative T6SS gene clusters may be mediating a multipurpose virulence against host organism and other bacteria using pre-emptive contact-dependent strikes and toxin secretion.
MEASURING THE COMPONENTS OF AGGREGATE PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN U.S. AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Capalbo, Susan Marie
name: Capalbo, Susan Marie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: A method of decomposing the growth in total factor productivity into effects due to nonconstant returns to scale and technical change was applied to the U.S. agricultural sector. The scale effects and technical changes were measured using an economically estimated two-output, three-input translog cost model. Total factor productivity as conventionally measured grew at an average annual rate of 1.56% from 1950-82. This growth rate, however, misrepresented the rate of technical change in U.S. agriculture primarily due to the nonconstant scales effects.
THE WAEA -- WHICH NICHE IN THE PROFESSION?
Creators: name: Johnston, Warren E.
name: Johnston, Warren E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: The Western Agricultural Economics Association has evolved though challenges that have had both regional and national dimensions. We continue to seek our niche in the profession. The challenge for both current and future leadership will be to rationalize the diversity of membership interests into a program which provides both challenge and sustenance for all member participants. The Association should give significant forethought to leading informed discussion and research on significant problems and issues of the West. We should continue to address these in our annual meetings and in our journal or alternative publications.
Two Wolf-Rayet stars at the heart of colliding-wind binary Apep
Creators: name: Callingham, J. R.
name: Crowther, P. A.
name: Williams, P. M.
name: Tuthill, P. G.
name: Han, Y.
name: Pope, B. J. S.
name: Marcote, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared imaging of the colliding-wind binary Apep has revealed a spectacular dust plume with complicated internal dynamics that challenges standard colliding-wind binary physics. Such challenges can be potentially resolved if a rapidly-rotating Wolf-Rayet star is located at the heart of the system, implicating Apep as a Galactic progenitor system to long-duration gamma-ray bursts. One of the difficulties in interpreting the dynamics of Apep is that the spectral composition of the stars in the system was unclear. Here we present visual to near-infrared spectra that demonstrate that the central component of Apep is composed of two classical Wolf-Rayet stars of carbon- (WC8) and nitrogen-sequence (WN4-6b) subtypes. We argue that such an assignment represents the strongest case of a classical WR+WR binary system in the Milky Way. The terminal line-of-sight wind velocities of the WC8 and WN4-6b stars are measured to be $2100 \pm 200$ and $3500 \pm 100$ km s$^{-1}$, respectively. If the mass-loss rate of the two stars are typical for their spectral class, the momentum ratio of the colliding winds is expected to be $\approx$ 0.4. Since the expansion velocity of the dust plume is significantly smaller than either of the measured terminal velocities, we explore the suggestion that one of the Wolf-Rayet winds is anisotropic. We can recover a shock-compressed wind velocity consistent with the observed dust expansion velocity if the WC8 star produces a significantly slow equatorial wind with a velocity of $\approx$530 km s$^{-1}$. Such slow wind speeds can be driven by near-critical rotation of a Wolf-Rayet star.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 10 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Can an odd number of fermions be created due to chiral anomaly?
Creators: name: Bezrukov, F.
name: Burnier, Y.
name: Shaposhnikov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a possibility of creation of an odd number of fractionally charged fermions in 1+1 dimensional Abelian Higgs model. We point out that for 1+1 dimensions this process does not violate any symmetries of the theory, nor makes it mathematically inconsistent. We construct the proper definition of the fermionic determinant in this model and underline its non-trivial features that are of importance for realistic 3+1 dimensional models with fermion number violation.
description: 12 pages revtex, 2 figures
‘My Taste Bud Is A Little Higher’ Social Support Among Student Athletes At A Tertiary Institution In Jamaica: A Sociological Case Study
Creators: name: Rose, Olivia K.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This research uniquely explores the important role social support networks play in the lives of tertiary level student athletes in Jamaica. Purposive sampling was utilized to obtain data through semi- structured interviews with both support providers and HE athletes, set against existing research on support networks. The total number of participants was (n=29), a sample which comprised of three categories of support providers, namely coaches, sports administrators and lecturers, and support recipients – a small sample of Jamaican student athletes. A thematic analysis of the data was undertaken using NVivo software and manual coding. Different types of support were both expected and required by these young Jamaican athletes. They also experienced reflexive difficulties in balancing their distinctive dual identities. Providers played multiple, often overlapping, roles in providing support. However, the support provided did not always match the perceived needs of student athletes and institutional blockages were prominent. Emotional support was the most important element identified by student athletes. The findings from this research will be useful in informing policy related to support and academic success of student athletes at the tertiary level in Jamaica.
Ginzberg-Landau-Wilson theory for Flat band, Fermi-arc and surface states of strongly correlated systems
Creators: name: Oh, Eunseok
name: Seo, Yunseok
name: Yuk, Taewon
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a holographic theory as a Ginzberg-Landau theory working for strongly interacting system near the quantum critical point: we take the bulk matter field $Φ^I(r,x)$, the dual of the fermion bilinear, as the order parameter. We calculate and classify the fermion spectral functions in the presence of such orders. Depending on the symmetry, we found spectral features like the gap, pseudo-gap, flat disk bands and the Fermi-arc connecting the two Dirac cones, which are familiar in Dirac material and Kondo lattice. Many of above features are associated with the zero modes whose presence is tied with a discrete symmetry of the interaction. The interaction induced zero modes either makes the strongly correlated system fermi-liquid like, or creates a disk-like flat band. Some of the order parameters in the bulk theory do not have an interpretation of symmetry breaking in terms of the boundary space, which opens the possibility of 'an order without symmetry breaking'.
description: 28 pages, 18 figures
Gerke, Friedrich: Spätantike und frühes Christentum
Creators: name: Wessel, Klaus
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 52 (1968): Oriens christianus, Band 52
title: Kultur der Partnerschaft
title: Perspektiven der deutsch-russischen Kulturbeziehungen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Heidenreich, Maja
name: Institut Für Auslandsbeziehungen
Publisher: name: Institut für Auslandsbeziehungen
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 10505 International Relations, International Politics, Foreign Affairs, Development Policy
subject: 10508 Special areas of Departmental Policy

description: Wie ist die Modernisierungspartnerschaft zwischen Russland und Deutschland auf kulturpolitischer Ebene zu gestalten? Die Autorin untersucht Akteure, zieht Bilanz und gibt Handlungsempfehlungen für die Zukunft.
description: ifa-Edition Kultur und Außenpolitik
INPUT SUBSTITUTION IN IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE IN THE HIGH PLAINS OF TEXAS, 1970-80
Creators: name: Nieswiadomy, Michael L.
name: Nieswiadomy, Michael L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The adaptability of irrigated agriculture in the High Plains region of Texas in the 1970-80 period is analyzed by estimating Allen partial elasticities of substitution for five key inputs (water, labor, center pivot, furrow and wheel roll systems) used to produce two crops (cotton and grain sorghum). The results indicate that farmers have adapted to changes in a manner generally consistent with prior expectations concerning complementarity and substitutability among inputs. The output-constant price elasticities of water demand was statistically significant but relatively small (-25).
Span structure in Robert Schumann’s late works
Creators: name: Wu, Pei-Hua
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Robert Schumann's music is frequently noted for its rhythmic complexity at the surface level, within apparently regular duple and quadruple phrase structures. However, not all of Schumann's music is based on regular phrase lengths or regular hypermetric patterns. The interaction between motivic relationships, different types of accents and harmonic structure in his later music creates a conflict between metric and group structures, and necessitates a more careful consideration of these two categories and of this interaction. This paper examines Schumann's use of these ways of subdividing music, and analyzes five of his later works from 1849 and 1853: 1) the Adagio from the Adagio and Allegro for Piano and Horn, Op. 70. 2) Phantasiestucke, Op. 73, No. 1. 3) Four Marches for Piano, Op. 76, No. 1. 4) Marchenerz'ahlungen, Op. 132, No. 3, and 5) Ges'dnge der Fr'uhe, Op. 133, No. 2. This paper consists of two parts. The first chapter discusses and clarifies the definitions of the terms that are related to rhythmic structure, such as group, span, phrase, clause, measure, and chunk. The second chapter contains detailed analyses of the five late works by Schumann. The analyses demonstrate the irregular grouping lengths and span structure, as well as the ambiguous hypermeter and accentual structure in his late works. The focus on the span structure in each piece helps to enhance understanding of the music's overall structure. These analyses illustrate an interaction between various modes of partitioning the musical flow in each piece, as a way of showing a coherent rhythmic result that provides a positive picture of Schumann's achievement in these works.
THE WAEA AS HEIR-APPARENT OF A REGIONAL MANDATE
Creators: name: Gessaman, Paul H.
name: Gessaman, Paul H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Sixty years ago agricultural economists established a regional professional organization now called the WAEA. As it evolved, interest-based member constituencies emerged. Perspective for discussion of WAEA actions, activities, and roles as the heir-apparent professional organization for western region agricultural economists is provided through identification of conditions and problems endemic to the region, and commentary on the decline of alternative regional differences.
Infrared Supernova Remnants in the Spitzer GLIMPSE Field
Creators: name: Lee, Ho-Gyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for infrared emission from supernova remnants (SNRs) included in the Spitzer Galactic Legacy Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE) field. At the positions of 100 known SNRs, we made 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 um band images covering the radio continuum emitting area of each remnant. In-depth examinations of four band images based on the radio continuum images of SNRs result in the identification of sixteen infrared SNRs in the GLIMPSE field. Eight SNRs show distinct infrared emission in nearly all the four bands, and the other eight SNRs are visible in more than one band. We present four band images for all identified SNRs, and RGB-color images for the first eight SNRs. These images are the first high resolution (<2") images with comparative resolution of the radio continuum for SNRs detected in the mid-infrared region. The images typically show filamentary emission along the radio enhanced SNR boundaries. Most SNRs are well identified in the 4.5 and 5.8 um bands. We give a brief description of the infrared features of the identified SNRs.
description: 30 pages including 24 figures, published in JKAS (Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society)
Handout for RDF* and SPARQL* study
Creators: name: Warren, Paul
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Handout to be used for RDF*/SPARQL* user study. Describes the basic features of RDF* and SPARQL* RDF* and SPARQL* are extensions of RDF and SPARQL respectively, see https://blog.liu.se/olafhartig/
The aim of the study is to understand the difficulties people experience with these languages; and to understand their preferences in data modelling.

There is a parallel study looking at the Cypher language, and another aim of the work is to compare people's behaviour with the two classes of languages.
The study is currently in progress. When complete, the results will be published in the research literature.
Amorphous Mo-Ta oxide nanotubes for long-term stable Mo oxide based supercapacitors
Creators: name: Jin, Bowen
name: Hejazi, Seyedsina
name: Pyczak, Florian
name: Oehring, Michael
name: Mohajernia, Shiva
name: Kment, Stepan
name: Tomanec, Ondrej
name: Zboril, Radek
name: Nguyen, Nhat Truong
name: Yang, Min
name: Schmuki, Patrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a large-scale usage of portable electric appliances, a high demand for increasingly high density energy storage devices has emerged. MoO3 has, in principle, a large potential as negative electrode material in supercapacitive devices, due to high charge densities that can be obtained from its reversible redox reactions. Nevertheless, the extremely poor electrochemical stability of MoO3 in aqueous electrolytes prevents a practical use in high capacitance devices. In this work, we describe how to overcome this severe stability issue by forming amorphous molybdenum oxide/tantalum oxide nanotubes by anodic oxidation of a Mo-Ta alloy. The presence of a critical amount of Ta-oxide (> 20 at-%) prevents the electrochemical decay of the MoO3 phase and thus yields an extremely high stability. Due to the protection provided by tantalum oxide, no capacitance losses are measureable after 10000 charg-ing/discharging cycles.
Pattern Mining from Probabilistic Databases with Dependencies
Creators: name: Kalaz, Yasemin Asan
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In recent years, many emerging technologies, such as radio-frequency identification (RFID) networks and wireless sensor networks have produced a large amount of uncertain data. This brings great attention to uncertain data. As the pattern mining problem is studied a lot in certain data, it is also quite an important problem in uncertain data. Probabilistic databases are a commonly used framework to model uncertain databases. There are many studies on uncertain databases, however, most of them use the independence assumption. In this thesis, first, we propose a correlated tuple model that enables us to define dependencies between tuples for tuple level uncertain databases. As an improvement to this model, we define a general model that can capture existing dependencies in uncertain dependent databases. However, finding the support of an item set on such a model is an NP-complete problem. Instead, we propose a restricted version of this model. We also define a dynamic program to efficiently find frequent itemsets. Finally, we propose a pattern matching problem on transcription factor binding profiles. We generate uncertain dependent sequence data, to which we apply a mining algorithm to find frequent sub-sequences. After frequent sub-sequences have been found for each motif, whose family is already known, we use the Jaccard index to compare them with each other. Then, we apply the distance measure to the Jaccard similarity values to identify the right family for each motif. We validated our solutions through extensive experiments and discuss potential future research directions for mining patterns over dependent uncertain databases.
AN EMPIRICAL BAYES APPROACH TO MODELING DROUGHT
Creators: name: Chamberlain, P.J.
name: Chamberlain, P.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper illustrates an alternative approach to estimating the occurrence of drought. The empirical Bayes methodology was developed because of deficiencies in time-series and regression analysis with respect to prediction of drought. This manuscript is comprised of (a) a discussion of "classical" and Bayes estimators of probability density (or mass) functions, (b) a description of the model, and (c) a comparison of the performances of the empirical Bayes and two classical estimators in predicting the elapsed time until drought. The Bayes value (incorporating both a priori and data information) was found to be superior to the traditional estimates.