Mus musculus Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Mus
Mus musculus

description: <i>Mus musculus</i> Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:62. TYPE LOCALITY: Sweden, Uppsala County, Uppsala. DISTRIBUTION: Spread throughout most of world through its close association with humans (Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951); in some areas restricted to human dwellings and habitats maintained by human activity; sometimes feral where introduced. SYNONYMS: <i>abbotti, adelaidensis, airolensis, albertisii, albicans; albidiventris</i> (Burg, 1923, not Blyth, 1852), <i>musculus</i> var. <i>albinus</i> <i>, albus, tomensis</i> morph <i>amurensis, ater, azoricus, bactrianus, bateae, bicolor, bieni, borealis, brevirostris, canacorum, candidus</i> (Laurent, 1937, not Bechstein, 1796), <i>caoccii, castaneus, caudatus, cinereo-maculatus, commissarius, decolor, domesticus, dubius</i> (Hodgson, 1845, not Fischer, 1829), <i>dunckeri, faeroensis, far, flavescens</i> (Fischer, 1872, not Barrett-Hamilton, 1896, Elliot, 1839, or Waterhouse, <i>1837), flavus</i> (Bechstein, 1801, not Kerr, 1792), <i>formosovi, fredericae, funereus, gansuensis, gentilis, gentilulus, gerbillinus, germanicus, gilvus, hanuma, hapsaliensis, helgolandicus, helviticus, helvolus, heroldii, homourus, hortulanus, hydrophilus, indianus, jalapae, jamesoni, kaleh-peninsularis, kambei, kuro, lundii, maculatus, major</i> (Severtzov, 1873, not Brants, 1827, or Pallas, 1779), <i>manchu, manei</i> (Gray, 1843), <i>manei</i> (Kelaart, 1852), <i>musculus</i> var. <i>melanogaster</i> <i>, minotaurus, mohri, mollissimus, molossinus, momiyamai, mongolium, muralis, mykinessiensis, mystacinus</i> (Mohr, 1923, not Danford and Alston, 1867), <i>nattereri, niger, nipalensis, niveus, nogaiorum, nordmanni,</i> <i>musculus</i> var. <i>nudoplicatus</i> <i>, orientalis</i> (Cretzschmar, 1826, not Desmarest, 1819), <i>orii, oxyrrhinus, pachycercus, pallescens, percnonotus, peruvianus, polonicus, poschiavinus, praetextus, pygmaeus</i> (Biswas and Khajuria, 1955, not Milne-Edwards, 1874), <i>raddei, rama, reboudi, rotans,</i> <i>musculus</i> var. <i>rubicundus</i> <i>, tomensis</i> morph <i>rufiventris, sareptanicus, severtzovi, simsoni, sinicus, striatus, subcaeruleus, subterraneus, taitensis, taiwanus, takagii, molossinus</i> var. <i>takayamai</i> <i>, tantillus, tataricus, theobaldi, tomensis, tytleri, urbanus, utsuryonis, variabilis, varius, viculorum, vignaudii, vinogradovi, wagneri, yamashinai, yesonis, yonakuni.</i> (see Ellerman, 1941; Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951; Mahoney and Richardson, 1988; and Marshall, in press). COMMENTS: Subgenus <i>Mus.</i> Schwarz and Schwarz (1943) provided a revision that was followed with minor changes by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951). This arrangement was criticized by Jones and Johnson (1965:394) who found that specimens from Asia they studied "bear little or no relation to this idealized classification." Subsequent treatments of this group were presented by J. T. Marshall, Jr. (1977b, 1981, 1986) and Marshall and Sage (1981). The most recent classification combined biochemical analyses of European, Asian, and African mice (Bonhomme et al., 1984), and the translation of these results, as well as the incorporation of morphological data, into a new view of <i>Mus musculus</i> and its allies (Marshall, in press), that in allocation of the many names to A4, <i>musculus</i> is suprisingly concordant with the treatment of Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951). The scientific names listed under <i>M. musculus</i> by those authors, but now placed elsewhere, are here associated with A4, <i>spicilegus, M. spretus,</i> and A4, <i>macedonicus</i> (see those accounts). Samples of A4, <i>musculus</i> have been the focus of numerous morphometric, chromosomal, and biochemical studies undertaken in context of phylogenetic inquiries; some of the latest contributions that also summarized and cited earlier reports are Evans (1981), Foster et al. (1981), Bonhomme et al. (1984), Potter et al. (1986), Giagia et al. (1987), Hubner (1988), Nlshioka (1987), Winking et al., (1988), Britton-Davidian (1990), Corti and Ciabatti (1990), Gerasimov et al. (1990), She et al. (1990), Searle (1991), Viroux and Bauchau (1992), Karn and Dlouhy (1991), Bush and Paigen (1992), and Scriven and Bauchau (1992). Analyses, using palaeontological and archaeozoological approaches, of the colonization process of W Eurasia by house mice and their origin of commensalism were presented by Auffray et al. (1988, 1990a, c) and Auffray and Britton-Davidian (1992). Analyses of mitochondrial DNA variation among samples from Japanese islands reveal a polyphyletlc origin of Japanese A4, <i>musculus</i> derived from <i>musculus, castaneus,</i> and <i>domesticus</i> strains (Bonhomme et al., 1989).
description: Published as part of <i>Guy G. Musser &amp; Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press</i> on pages 625-626, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Ellerman, J. R., and T. C. S. Morrison-Scott. 1951. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp.", "Hodgson, B. H. 1845. On the rats, mice, and shrews of the central region of Nepal. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, [ser. 1], 15: 266 - 270.", "Kerr, R. 1792. The animal kingdom, or zoological system, of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus; class I: Mammalia. London, J. Murray &amp; R. Faulder, 664 pp.", "Brants, A. 1827. Het Geslacht der muizen door Linnaeus opgesteld, volgens de tegenswoordige toestand der wetenschap in familien, geslachten en soorten verdeeld. Academische Boekdrukkerij, Berlijn, 190 pp.", "Gray, J. E. 1843. List of the specimens of Mammalia in the collection of the British Museum. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 216 pp.", "Ellerman, J. R. 1941. The families and genera of living rodents. Vol. II. Family Muridae. 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