cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Delphinapterus leucas
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Monodontidae
Delphinapterus
Delphinapterus leucas

description: Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776). Reise Prov. Russ. Reichs., 3(1): 85. TYPE LOCALITY: U.S. S. R., W. Siberia, mouth of Ob River. DISTRIBUTION: Arctic Ocean; Okhotsk, and Bering Seas; Gulf of Alaska; Gulf of St. Lawrence; occasionally south to Honshu (Japan), France, and Massachusetts (U.S.A.). PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411003001001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 298, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
title: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission, Bd. 29 1939(1941): Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
title: Bd. 29 1939(1941): Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bericht Der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Publisher: name: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Year: 2017

description: Titelei
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Bericht über die Tätigkeit der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission vom 1. April 1939 bis 31. März 1940...1-5
Frührömische Funde aus Friedberg (Hessen)...6-30
Die provinzialrömischen Emailfibeln der Rheinlande...31-121
Römische Burgi an der Straße Augsburg - Kempten - Bregenz...122-156
Metallurgische Bemerkungen zur Vorgeschichtsforschung...157-163
title: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission, Bd. 32 1942(1944): Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
title: Bd. 32 1942(1944): Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bericht Der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Publisher: name: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Year: 2018

description: Titel
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Über Metallgewinnung bei den Etruskern...1-19
Untersuchungen zur frühen und älteren Latènezeit am Oberrhein und in der Schweiz...20-115
Der Negauer Helmfund...117-198
Zur Geschichte Galliens im dritten Viertel des 3. Jahrhunderts...199-224
Ernst Fabricius zum Gedächtnis...225-228
Bibliographie Ernst Fabricius...229-236
Supergranular Fractal Dimension and Solar Rotation
Creators: name: M., Sowmya G.
name: G., Rajani
name: Paniveni, U.
name: Srikanth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present findings from an analysis of the fractal dimension of solar supergranulation as a function of latitude, supergranular cell size and solar rotation, employing spectroheliographic data in the Ca II K line of solar cycle no. 23. We find that the fractal dimension tends to decrease from about 1.37 at the equator to about 1 at 20 degree latitude in either hemisphere, suggesting that solar rotation rate has the effect of augmenting the irregularity of supergranular boundaries. Considering that supergranular cell size is directly correlated with fractal dimension, we conclude that the mechanism behind our observation is that solar rotation influences the cell outflow strength, and thereby cell size, with the latitude dependence of the supergranular fractal dimension being a consequence thereof.
description: 15 pages; 5 figures; Accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Monodon Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Monodontidae
Monodon

description: Monodon Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:75. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411003002000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 298, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
Supplementary figures from Expansion microscopy facilitates quantitative super-resolution studies of cytoskeletal structures in kinetoplastid parasites
Creators: name: Gorilak, Peter
name: Pružincová, Martina
name: Vachova, Hana
name: Olšinová, Marie
name: Schmidt Cernohorska, Marketa
name: Varga, Vladimir
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology

description: Expansion microscopy (ExM) has become a powerful super-resolution method in cell biology. It is a simple, yet robust approach, which does not require any instrumentation or reagents beyond those present in a standard microscopy facility. In this study, we used kinetoplastid parasites Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania major, which possess a complex, yet well-defined microtubule-based cytoskeleton, to demonstrate that this method recapitulates faithfully morphology of structures as previously revealed by a combination of sophisticated electron microscopy (EM) approaches. Importantly, we also show that due to the rapidness of image acquisition and three-dimensional reconstruction of cellular volumes ExM is capable of complementing EM approaches by providing more quantitative data. This is demonstrated on examples of less well-appreciated microtubule structures, such as the neck microtubule of T. brucei or the pocket, cytosolic and multivesicular tubule-associated microtubules of L. major. We further demonstrate that ExM enables identifying cell types rare in a population, such as cells in mitosis and cytokinesis. Three-dimensional reconstruction of an entire volume of these cells provided details on the morphology of the mitotic spindle and the cleavage furrow. Finally, we show that established antibody markers of major cytoskeletal structures function well in ExM, which together with the ability to visualize proteins tagged with small epitope tags will facilitate studies of the kinetoplastid cytoskeleton.
On the superposition principle and non-linear response in spin glasses
Creators: name: Paga, I.
name: Zhai, Q.
name: Baity-Jesi, M.
name: Calore, E.
name: Cruz, A.
name: Cummings, C.
name: Fernandez, L. A.
name: Gil-Narvion, J. M.
name: Pemartin, I. Gonzalez-Adalid
name: Gordillo-Guerrero, A.
name: Iñiguez, D.
name: Kenning, G. G.
name: Maiorano, A.
name: Marinari, E.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
name: Moreno-Gordo, J.
name: Muñoz-Sudupe, A.
name: Navarro, D.
name: Orbach, R. L.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Perez-Gaviro, S.
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, F.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
name: Schifano, S. F.
name: Schlagel, D. L.
name: Seoane, B.
name: Tarancon, A.
name: Yllanes, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extended principle of superposition has been a touchstone of spin glass dynamics for almost thirty years. The Uppsala group has demonstrated its validity for the metallic spin glass, CuMn, for magnetic fields $H$ up to 10 Oe at the reduced temperature $T_\mathrm{r}=T/T_\mathrm{g} = 0.95$, where $T_\mathrm{g}$ is the spin glass condensation temperature. For $H > 10$ Oe, they observe a departure from linear response which they ascribe to the development of non-linear dynamics. The thrust of this paper is to develop a microscopic origin for this behavior by focusing on the time development of the spin glass correlation length, $ξ(t,t_\mathrm{w};H)$. Here, $t$ is the time after $H$ changes, and $t_\mathrm{w}$ is the time from the quench for $T>T_\mathrm{g}$ to the working temperature $T$ until $H$ changes. We connect the growth of $ξ(t,t_\mathrm{w};H)$ to the barrier heights $Δ(t_\mathrm{w})$ that set the dynamics. The effect of $H$ on the magnitude of $Δ(t_\mathrm{w})$ is responsible for affecting differently the two dynamical protocols associated with turning $H$ off (TRM, or thermoremanent magnetization) or on (ZFC, or zero field-cooled magnetization). In this paper, we display the difference between the zero-field cooled $ξ_{\text {ZFC}}(t,t_\mathrm{w};H)$ and the thermoremanent magnetization $ξ_{\text {TRM}}(t,t_\mathrm{w};H)$ correlation lengths as $H$ increases, both experimentally and through numerical simulations, corresponding to the violation of the extended principle of superposition in line with the finding of the Uppsala Group.
description: 23 pages and 18 figures
title: Einleitung: Verlässlichkeit(en) in der Perspektive der Wissenschaftsforschung
Creators: name: Böschen, Stefan
name: Nordmann, Alfred
name: Reinhardt, Carsten
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Wissen
subject: Verlässlichkeit
subject: Wissenschaftlichkeit
subject: Vertrauenswürdigkeit
subject: Politik
subject: Wissenschaftlicher Diskurs
subject: Wissenschaftsforschung
subject: Technikforschung
subject: 000

description: Wissenschaft in der Verlässlichkeitsfalle?: Praktiken der Konstruktion von Relevanz und Neutralität, p. 7
title: Verdientes und verspieltes Vertrauen: Gegen die Verkürzung der Wissenschaft auf ihre Verlässlichkeit
Creators: name: Nordmann, Alfred
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Vertrauen
subject: Verlässlichkeit
subject: Aufklärung
subject: Technowissenschaft
subject: Vertrauenswürdigkeit
subject: Voraussageerfolge
subject: 000

description: Vertrauen ist eine soziale Kategorie, und Verlässlichkeit trägt technische Züge. Wer Vertrauenswürdigkeit und Verlässlichkeit von Wissenschaft dennoch gleichsetzt, traut der Wissenschaft nicht besonders viel zu. Während sich ihre Verlässlichkeit in einer Kultur der Vorhersage relativ leicht nachweisen lässt, kann Vertrauen verspielt und muss Vertrauen durch gute Taten verdient werden. Der Beitrag legt dar, wie die Forschung selbst zu einer Krise ihrer Vertrauenswürdigkeit beigetragen hat und wie sie Vertrauen wieder herstellen kann.
description: Trust is a social category, and reliability is a technical virtue. If the trustworthiness of science is nevertheless reduced to its reliability, there is evidently not much that science deserves to be trusted for. In a culture of prediction, reliability can be ascertained fairly easily but trust can still be squandered and needs to be earned through good deeds. This contribution shows how research practices have themselves contributed to a crisis of trustworthiness, and how trust can be reclaimed.
description: Wissenschaft in der Verlässlichkeitsfalle?: Praktiken der Konstruktion von Relevanz und Neutralität, p. 13
A Cognitive Study on Semantic Similarity Analysis of Large Corpora: A Transformer-based Approach
Creators: name: Nemani, Praneeth
name: Vollala, Satyanarayana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semantic similarity analysis and modeling is a fundamentally acclaimed task in many pioneering applications of natural language processing today. Owing to the sensation of sequential pattern recognition, many neural networks like RNNs and LSTMs have achieved satisfactory results in semantic similarity modeling. However, these solutions are considered inefficient due to their inability to process information in a non-sequential manner, thus leading to the improper extraction of context. Transformers function as the state-of-the-art architecture due to their advantages like non-sequential data processing and self-attention. In this paper, we perform semantic similarity analysis and modeling on the U.S Patent Phrase to Phrase Matching Dataset using both traditional and transformer-based techniques. We experiment upon four different variants of the Decoding Enhanced BERT - DeBERTa and enhance its performance by performing K-Fold Cross-Validation. The experimental results demonstrate our methodology's enhanced performance compared to traditional techniques, with an average Pearson correlation score of 0.79.
title: Drei Formen der Infragestellung der Bedeutsamkeit und Verlässlichkeit von wissenschaftlicher Expertise
Creators: name: Barlösius, Eva
name: Ruffing, Eva
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Wissenschaft
subject: Politik
subject: Gesellschaft
subject: Verlässlichkeit
subject: Expertise
subject: Vertrauen
subject: Misstrauen
subject: Informationsgesellschaft
subject: 000

description: Wissenschaftliche Expertise wird in unterschiedlichen Kontexten auf verschiedene Weise infrage gestellt. Ebenso variiert der Referenzrahmen, auf den sich die Infragestellungen beziehen. Im Text werden drei Formen der Infragestellungen unterschieden: (1.) im Kontext der Wissenschaften, hierbei werden Verlässlichkeit und Geltung des wissenschaftlichen Wissens hinterfragt, der Referenzrahmen für diese Art der Infragestellung bildet Wissenschaftlichkeit. (2.) im Kontext von Verwaltung und Politik, wo der Gebrauch der wissenschaftlichen Expertise für Entscheidungen kritisiert wird. Diese Kritik referiert im Allgemeinen auf eine nicht genügende sachliche Angemessenheit der wissenschaftlichen Expertise. (3.) im Kontext der Transformation zur Wissensgesellschaft, an der der Vorrang wissenschaftlichen Wissens und wissenschaftlicher Expertise gegenüber anderen Wissensformen und Argumenten beanstandet und damit die Referenz auf rationale Begründungen für politische und administrative Entscheidungen abgelehnt wird.
description: Scientific expertise is questioned in different ways in various contexts. The frame of reference of these contestations varies, too. We distinguish between three forms of contestations: (1.) in the context of the sciences, where the reliability and validity of scientific knowledge is questioned; the frame of reference is scientificity. (2.) in the context of politics and policy, where the use of scientific expertise for decision-making is criticized. This critique refers to an insufficient problem-adequacy of scientific expertise. (3.) in the context of the transformation to a knowledge society, where the priority of scientific knowledge and scientific expertise towards other forms of knowledge and arguments is claimed. This kind of contestation rejects rational substantiation of political and administrative decisions in principle.
description: Wissenschaft in der Verlässlichkeitsfalle?: Praktiken der Konstruktion von Relevanz und Neutralität, p. 25
Live in the Moment: Learning Dynamics Model Adapted to Evolving Policy
Creators: name: Wang, Xiyao
name: Wongkamjan, Wichayaporn
name: Huang, Furong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) often achieves higher sample efficiency in practice than model-free RL by learning a dynamics model to generate samples for policy learning. Previous works learn a dynamics model that fits under the empirical state-action visitation distribution for all historical policies, i.e., the sample replay buffer. However, in this paper, we observe that fitting the dynamics model under the distribution for \emph{all historical policies} does not necessarily benefit model prediction for the \emph{current policy} since the policy in use is constantly evolving over time. The evolving policy during training will cause state-action visitation distribution shifts. We theoretically analyze how this distribution shift over historical policies affects the model learning and model rollouts. We then propose a novel dynamics model learning method, named \textit{Policy-adapted Dynamics Model Learning (PDML)}. PDML dynamically adjusts the historical policy mixture distribution to ensure the learned model can continually adapt to the state-action visitation distribution of the evolving policy. Experiments on a range of continuous control environments in MuJoCo show that PDML achieves significant improvement in sample efficiency and higher asymptotic performance combined with the state-of-the-art model-based RL methods.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Theory of tunneling spectroscopy in a superconducting topological insulator
Creators: name: Yamakage, Ai
name: Yada, Keiji
name: Sato, Masatoshi
name: Tanaka, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate tunneling conductance of normal metal and superconducting topological insulator CuxBi2Se3 junctions for the possible pairing symmetries. In the presence of gapless Andreev bound states (ABSs), the tunneling conductance shows a zero-bias peak even for the three-dimensional full-gap superconducting state. This zero-bias conductance peak stems from the enhancement of the surface density of states induced by the surface-state transition in momentum space.
description: Proceeding of ISS2012
Measurement of the W, Z and photon production in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: Milov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ATLAS experiment measures yields of isolated photons and of Z and W bosons via leptonic decay modes in Pb+Pb collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=2.76 TeV. The data samples used in the analysis were obtained in the year 2010 and year 2011 LHC runs and correspond to 5 ub-1 and 0.15 nb-1 of integrated luminosity respectively. The measured yields of all bosons are consistent with the scaling proportional to the number of nucleon-nucleon collisions. The transverse momentum distributions are measured for isolated photons and for Z bosons for different centrality bins. The shapes of measured distributions do not change with centrality. The transverse momentum and rapidity distributions of Z boson are consistent in shape with Pythia model and the second harmonic coefficient of the azimuthal distribution of Z bosons with respect to the event plane is consistent with zero.
description: 8 pages 5 figurs
Reconnection-driven plasmoids in blazars: fast flares on a slow envelope
Creators: name: Giannios, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minute-timescale TeV flares have been observed in several blazars. The fast flaring requires compact regions in the jet that boost their emission towards the observer at an extreme Doppler factor of delta>50. For TeV photons to avoid annihilation in the broad line region of PKS 1222+216, the flares must come from large (pc) scales challenging most models proposed to explain them. Here we elaborate on the magnetic reconnection minijet model for the blazar flaring, focusing on the inherently time-dependent aspects of the process of magnetic reconnection. I argue that, for the physical conditions prevailing in blazar jets, the reconnection layer fragments leading to the formation a large number of plasmoids. Occasionally a plasmoid grows to become a large, "monster" plasmoid. I show that radiation emitted from the reconnection event can account for the observed "envelope" of ~ day-long blazar activity while radiation from monster plasmoids can power the fastest TeV flares. The model is applied to several blazars with observed fast flaring. The inferred distance of the dissipation zone from the black hole and the typical size of the reconnection regions are R_diss~0.3-1 pc and l' \simless 10^{16} cm, respectively. The required magnetization of the jet at this distance is modest: sigma ~a few. Such dissipation distance R_diss and reconnection size l' are expected if the jet contains field structures with size of the order of the black-hole horizon.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, MNRAS, in press
title: Offensiver Dilettantismus: Entgrenzung von Wissensproduktion und die Frage nach Verlässlichkeit und kollektiver Urteilsbildung
Creators: name: Böschen, Stefan
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Wissenschaft
subject: Partizipation
subject: Dilettantismus
subject: Wissensakteure
subject: Gesellschaft
subject: Problemlösen
subject: Urteilen
subject: Wissen
subject: 000

description: Wissenschaft ist weiterhin Garant gesellschaftlicher Problemlösung. Die kognitiven wie institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen hierfür haben sich jedoch geändert. Die Vielfalt von Relevanzen, Kriterien und Perspektiven bei der Bereitstellung wie Gewichtung von Wissen müssen anerkannt und produktiv in Relation gesetzt werden. Dabei gewinnt eine alte Fragestellung, nämlich das Problem kollektiver Urteilsbildung, wieder an Bedeutung. Der Beitrag untersucht, wie die Interaktionen von Experten und Laien im epistemischen Niemandsland zwischen akademischem Feld und anderen gesellschaftlichen Teilbereichen in Bezug auf die Herausforderungen kollektiver Urteilsbildung verstanden werden können.
description: Science continues to be the guarantor of social problem solving. However, the cognitive and institutional framework for this has changed. The diversity of relevance, criteria and perspectives in the provision and weighting of knowledge must be recognized and productively put into relation. In this context, an old question, namely the problem of collective judgment, is gaining renewed importance. This contribution explores how the interactions of experts and laypeople in the epistemic no-manʼs land between the academic field and other social subfields can be understood in relation to the challenges of collective judgment formation.
description: Wissenschaft in der Verlässlichkeitsfalle?: Praktiken der Konstruktion von Relevanz und Neutralität, p. 71
title: Verlässliches Expertenwissen für die Hochschulpolitik?: Aktuelle Befunde zur bibliometrischen Forschungsevaluation in Europa
Creators: name: Jappe, Arlette
name: Heinze, Thomas
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Expertenwissen
subject: Verlässlichkeit
subject: Hochschulpolitik
subject: Fallmethode
subject: Bibliometrie
subject: Wissenschaftssteuerung
subject: Quantitative Methode
subject: Beratung
subject: 000

description: am Beispiel der bibliometrischen Evaluation von Forschungsleistungen. Gegenstand der Analyse ist die bisherige Verwendung und Institutionalisierung bibliometrischer Methoden in der Hochschulevaluation am Beispiel der Niederlande und Italiens. Die Auswahl dieser beiden Länder basiert auf einer umfangreichen Meta-Analyse der bibliometrischen Evaluationspraxis in Europa im Zeitraum 2005 –2019. Wir argumentieren, dass diese beiden Länder entgegengesetzte Pole darstellen, was die Möglichkeiten einer verlässlichen Konstruktion von Expertenwissen angeht. Der Fall der Niederlande (Strategy Evaluation Protocol) lässt sich als ein Modell eines bibliometrischen Professionalismus charakterisieren, das die Autonomie der Universitäten stärkt und im Laufe der Zeit zu einer hohen Akzeptanz bibliometrischer Indikatoren in den betroffenen akademischen Disziplinen beigetragen hat. Demgegenüber stellt der Fall Italiens (Valutazione della Qualità della Ricerca) ein zentralisiertes, bürokratisches Modell dar, das zwar akademische Eliten kooptiert, dessen Methoden und Ergebnisse jedoch von Bibliometrikerinnen und Bibliometrikern stark angegriffen wurden. Der Beitrag wendet die professionssoziologische Theorie von Andrew Abbott auf das Feld der Evaluativen Bibliometrie an, um die Unterschiede zwischen beiden Ländern zu analysieren.
description: This paper examines practices of generating reliable evidence for decision-making using the example of bibliometric research assessment. We analyze how bibliometric methods have been implemented in the national evaluations of higher education institutions in the Netherlands and Italy. The selection of these two countries is based on a comprehensive meta-evaluation of bibliometric assessment practices in Europe in the period 2005 –2019. We argue that these two countries represent opposite poles with regard to possible approaches for the construction of reliable expert knowledge. The case of the Netherlands (Strategy Evaluation Protocol) can be characterized as a model of bibliometric professionalism that has had an enhancing effect on university autonomy and has over time led to broad acceptance of bibliometric indicators among academic disciplines. In contrast, the case of Italy (Valutazione della Qualità della Ricerca) represents a centralistic bureaucratic model that, while coopting elites from academic disciplines, has met with harsh methodological criticism from bibliometric experts. We apply Andrew Abbott’s sociology of professions to the field of evaluative bibliometrics in order to analyze the differences between the two country cases.
description: Wissenschaft in der Verlässlichkeitsfalle?: Praktiken der Konstruktion von Relevanz und Neutralität, p. 89
Holographic entanglement entropy of the near horizon 1/4 BPS F-D$p$ bound states
Creators: name: Dey, Parijat
name: Roy, Shibaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was shown in Dey and Roy (2012) that the near horizon limit of the 1/4 BPS threshold F-D$p$ (for $0\leq p \leq 5$, $p \neq 4$) bound state solutions of type II string theories give rise to space-time metrics endowed with Lifshitz scaling along with hyperscaling violation. Here we compute the holographic entanglement entropy of this system for all $p \neq 4$ (for $p=4$ the space-time has AdS$_2$ structure). For $p=3,5$, we get the expected area law behavior of the entanglement entropy. For $p=0,1$, the entanglement entropy has new area law violations and has the behavior which is in between the linear and logarithmic behaviors. For $p=2$, we get a logarithmic violation of the area law. We also compute the entanglement entropy at finite temperature and show that as the temperature rises, the entanglement entropy makes a crossover to the thermal entropy of the system. We thus obtain the string theoretic realization of holographic EE and various of its aspects noted earlier for generic metric with hyperscaling violation.
description: 14 pages, no figures; v2: various clarifications added, comparison with earlier work given, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Universal quantum computation based on Nano-Electro-Mechanical Systems
Creators: name: Ezawa, Motohiko
name: Yasunaga, Shun
name: Higo, Akio
name: Iizuka, Tetuya
name: Mita, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to use a buckled plate as a qubit, where a double-well potential is mechanically produced by pushing the plate from both the sides. The right and left positions of the plate are assigned to be quantum states $|0\rangle $ and $|1\rangle $. Quantum effects emerge when the displacement is of the order of picometers, although the size of a buckled plate is of the order of $1μm$. The NOT gate is executed by changing the buckling force acting on the plate, while the Pauli-Z gate and the phase-shift gate are executed by applying electric field. A two-qubit phase shift gate is materialized with the use of an electrostatic potential. They constitute a set of universal quantum gates. An examination of material parameters leads to a feasibility of a NEMS(Nano-Electro-Mechanical System)-based quantum computer.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
On a conjecture regarding the upper graph box dimension of bounded subsets of the real line
Creators: name: Laschos, Vaios
name: Kelgiannis, Giorgos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let X \subset R be a bounded set; we introduce a formula that calculates the upper graph box dimension of X (i.e.the supremum of the upper box dimension of the graph over all uniformly continuous functions defined on X). We demonstrate the strength of the formula by calculating the upper graph box dimension for some sets and by giving an "one line" proof, alternative to the one given in [1], of the fact that if X has finitely many isolated points then its upper graph box dimension is equal to the upper box dimension plus one. Furthermore we construct a collection of sets X with infinitely many isolated points, having upper box dimension a taking values from zero to one while their graph box dimension takes any value in [max{2a,1},a + 1], answering this way, negatively to a conjecture posed in [1].
Radial Angular Momentum Transfer and Magnetic Barrier for Short-Type Gamma-Ray Burst Central Engine Activity
Creators: name: Liu, Tong
name: Liang, En-Wei
name: Gu, Wei-Min
name: Hou, Shu-Jin
name: Lei, Wei-Hua
name: Lin, Lin
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft extended emission (EE) following initial hard spikes up to 100 seconds was observed with {\em Swift}/BAT for about half of short-type gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs). This challenges the conversional central engine models of SGRBs, i.e., compact star merger models. In the framework of the black hole-neutron star merger models, we study the roles of the radial angular momentum transfer in the disk and the magnetic barrier around the black hole for the activity of SGRB central engines. We show that the radial angular momentum transfer may significantly prolong the lifetime of the accretion process and multiple episodes may be switched by the magnetic barrier. Our numerical calculations based on the models of the neutrino-dominated accretion flows suggest that the disk mass is critical for producing the observed EE. In case of the mass being $\sim 0.8M_{\odot}$, our model can reproduce the observed timescale and luminosity of both the main and EE episodes in a reasonable parameter set. The predicted luminosity of the EE component is lower than the observed EE with about one order of magnitude and the timescale is shorter than 20 seconds if the disk mass being $\sim 0.2M_{\odot}$. {\em Swift}/BAT-like instruments may be not sensitive enough to detect the EE component in this case. We argue that the EE component would be a probe for merger process and disk formation for compact star mergers.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Monodon monoceros Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Monodontidae
Monodon
Monodon monoceros

description: Monodon monoceros Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:75. TYPE LOCALITY: Arctic Seas. DISTRIBUTION: Arctic seas, circumpolar; occasionally as far south as the Netherlands. COMMENT: Reviewed by Reeves and Tracey, 1980, Mamm. Species, 127:1-7. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411003002001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 298, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
description: {"references": ["Reeves, R. R., and S. Tracey. 1980. Monodon monoceros. Mammalian Species, 127: 1 - 7."]}
On the definition of chirality and enantioselective fields
Creators: name: Kishine, Jun-ichiro
name: Kusunose, Hiroaki
name: Yamamoto, Hiroshi M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In solid state physics, any symmetry breaking is known to be associated with emergence of an order parameter. However, the order parameter for molecular and crystal chirality, which is a consequence of parity and mirror symmetry breaking, has not been known since its discovery. In this article, the authors show that the order parameter for chirality can be defined by electric toroidal monopole G_0. By this definition, one becomes able to discuss external filed that can distinguish two different enantiomers only by physical fields. In addition, dynamics and fluctuations of the order parameter G_0 can be discussed, with which one can obtain fruitful insights on a spin filtering effect called CISS (Chirality Induced Spin Selectivity). Emergence of time-reversal-odd dipole M_z by time propagation of G_0 quantities is discussed to explain the enantioselective effect (chiral resolution) at a ferromagnetic surface.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
title: Artefaktwissen, Wissensartefakte und die Weisheit der Künstlichen Intelligenz: Wie maschinelles Lernen unser Verständnis von Verlässlichkeit und Vertrauenswürdigkeit herausfordert
Creators: name: Ammon, Sabine
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Wissen
subject: Artefaktwissen
subject: Wissensartefakte
subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Maschinelles Lernen
subject: Verlässlichkeit
subject: Vertrauenswürdigkeit
subject: Wissensentstehung
subject: 000

description: Visionen der Künstlichen Intelligenz haben Hochkonjunktur und erstrecken sich auch auf eine automatisierte Wissensproduktion. Der Beitrag hinterfragt kritisch die zugrundeliegenden Narrative, die sich mit Verfahren des maschinellen Lernens von deduktiven zu induktiven Vorgehensweisen gewandelt haben. Auf der Basis einer Erkenntniskritik des maschinellen Lernens werden zentrale Bestandteile dieser neuen Form der Wissensgenese – Daten, lernende Algorithmen, Anwendung und die Leithypothese des Gesamtsystems – auf ihre theoretisch-konzeptionelle Vorannahmen und technisch-mediale Rahmenbedingungen hin untersucht. Deutlich wird dabei, wie in der KI-Entwicklung weitreichende epistemische Setzungen vorgenommen werden, die implizit bleiben und in ihren Auswirkungen nicht kritisch reflektiert werden. Der Beitrag zeigt auf, wie im mangelnden Bewusstsein dieser Präkonfigurationen Gefahren für die Verlässlichkeit und damit auch für die Vertrauenswürdigkeit der darauf aufbauenden Wissensgenese liegen – und wie darauf reagiert werden sollte.
description: Visions of Artificial Intelligence are booming and amount to automated knowledge production. The paper critically questions the underlying narratives, which have changed from deductive to inductive approaches using machine learning methods. Based on a critique of machine learning, key components of this new form of knowledge generation – data, learning algorithms, application and the guiding hypothesis of the overall system – are examined in terms of their theoretical-conceptual assumptions and technical-media framework conditions. It becomes visible how farreaching epistemic propositions are made in AI development, which remain implicit and are not critically reflected in their effects. The contribution shows how the lack of awareness of these preconfigurations threatens the reliability and thus also the trustworthiness of the knowledge genesis based on them – and how to react to them.
description: Wissenschaft in der Verlässlichkeitsfalle?: Praktiken der Konstruktion von Relevanz und Neutralität, p. 105
On predictions from spontaneously broken flavor symmetries
Creators: name: Chen, Mu-Chun
name: Fallbacher, Maximilian
name: Ratz, Michael
name: Staudt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the predictive power of supersymmetric models with flavor symmetries, focusing on the lepton sector of the standard model. In particular, we comment on schemes in which, after certain `flavons' acquire their vacuum expectation values (VEVs), the charged lepton Yukawa couplings and the neutrino mass matrix appear to have certain residual symmetries. In most analyses, only corrections to the holomorphic superpotential from higher-dimensional operators are considered (for instance, in order to generate a realistic $θ_{13}$ mixing angle). In general, however, the flavon VEVs also modify the Kähler potential and, therefore, the model predictions. We show that these corrections to the naive results can be sizable. Furthermore, we present simple analytic formulae that allow us to understand the impact of these corrections on the predictions for the masses and mixing parameters.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; improved version matching PLB article
O'ZBEKISTONDA AYOLLAR HUQUQLARI, ERKINLIKLARI VA QONUNIY MANFAATLARI
Creators: name: Qodirova, Kamola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Maqolada ayollarning huquqlari va qonuniy manfaatlarini amalga oshirish va himoya qilish amaliyotining ayrim xususiyatlariga e'tibor berish zarurati bilan bog'liq masalalar e'tirof etilgan.
Mining Legal Arguments in Court Decisions
Creators: name: Habernal, Ivan
name: Faber, Daniel
name: Recchia, Nicola
name: Bretthauer, Sebastian
name: Gurevych, Iryna
name: Döhmann, Indra Spiecker genannt
name: Burchard, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identifying, classifying, and analyzing arguments in legal discourse has been a prominent area of research since the inception of the argument mining field. However, there has been a major discrepancy between the way natural language processing (NLP) researchers model and annotate arguments in court decisions and the way legal experts understand and analyze legal argumentation. While computational approaches typically simplify arguments into generic premises and claims, arguments in legal research usually exhibit a rich typology that is important for gaining insights into the particular case and applications of law in general. We address this problem and make several substantial contributions to move the field forward. First, we design a new annotation scheme for legal arguments in proceedings of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) that is deeply rooted in the theory and practice of legal argumentation research. Second, we compile and annotate a large corpus of 373 court decisions (2.3M tokens and 15k annotated argument spans). Finally, we train an argument mining model that outperforms state-of-the-art models in the legal NLP domain and provide a thorough expert-based evaluation. All datasets and source codes are available under open lincenses at https://github.com/trusthlt/mining-legal-arguments.
description: to appear in Artificial Intelligence and Law
The coupled-channel scattering on a torus
Creators: name: Guo, Peng
name: Dudek, Jozef
name: Edwards, Robert
name: Szczepaniak, Adam P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Hamiltonian formalism approach, a generalized Lüscher's formula for two particle scattering in both the elastic and coupled-channel cases in moving frames is derived from a relativistic Lippmann-Schwinger equation. Some strategies for extracting scattering amplitudes for a coupled-channel system from the discrete finite-volume spectrum are discussed and illustrated with a toy model of two-channel resonant scattering. This formalism will, in the near future, be used to extract information about hadron scattering from lattice QCD computations.
description: Shortened version, section V removed and to be submitted separately
Ein kaiserzeitliches Gräberfeld in Varel-Bramloge
Creators: name: Steffens, Heino-Gerd
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 37 (1968): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Physeteridae Gray 1821
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Physeteridae

description: Family Physeteridae REVIEWED BY: J. G. Mead (JGM); D. W. Rice (DWR); O. L. Rossolimo (OLR)(U.S. S.R.). PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411004000000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 298, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
Weitere Riesenbecher aus dem Kreis Lüchow-Dannenberg
Creators: name: Voelkel, G.
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 37 (1968): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
The weighted Tower of Hanoi
Creators: name: Mehiri, El-Mehdi
name: Belbachir, Hacène
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.0; G.2.1
subject: 90C39, 03D15, 03D20, 68R01, 68R05, 91A46, 90C27, 05A20

description: The weighted Tower of Hanoi is a new generalization of the classical Tower of Hanoi problem, where a move of a disc between two pegs $i$ and $j$ is weighted by a positive real $w_{ij}\geq 0$. This new problem generalizes the concept of finding the minimum number of moves to solve the Tower of Hanoi, to find a sequence of moves with the minimum total cost. We present an optimal dynamic algorithm to solve the weighted Tower of Hanoi problem, we also establish some properties of this problem, as well as its relation with the Tower of Hanoi variants that are based on move restriction.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Scattering in plane-wave backgrounds: infra-red effects and pole structure
Creators: name: Ilderton, Anton
name: Torgrimsson, Greger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two aspects of scattering in strong plane wave backgrounds. First, we show that the infra-red divergences in elastic scattering depend on the structure of the background, but can be removed using the usual Bloch-Nordsieck approach. Second, we analyse the infinite series of shifted-mass-shell poles in the particle (Volkov) propagator using lightfront quantisation. The complete series of poles is shown to describe a single, on-shell, propagating particle.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. References added, typos corrected
title: Verlässlichkeit in der biomedizinischen Forschung: Ein Zwischenruf zu negativen Ergebnissen und zur Replizierbarkeit von Resultaten
Creators: name: Debru, Claude
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biomedizin
subject: 19. Jahrhundert
subject: 20. Jahrhundert
subject: Reproduzierbarkeit
subject: positive Erkenntnisse
subject: negative Erkenntnisse
subject: Komplexität
subject: 000

description: Der Beitrag analysiert zwei in Bezug auf die heutige Komplexität der biomedizinischen Forschung wichtige Probleme. Zum einen thematisiert er die Frage nach der epistemologischen Bedeutung negativer Ergebnisse und ihrer Bekanntgabe. Zum anderen behandelt er die Frage der epistemologischen Bedeutung der oft nicht umzusetzenden Replizierbarkeit von Ergebnissen. Es werden Argumente für die These vorgeschlagen, dass das Vorliegen von widersprüchlichen, also sowohl positiven als auch negativen, Ergebnissen innerhalb einer Versuchsreihe nicht die Verlässlichkeit der Wissenschaften selbst in der Öffentlichkeit vermindern sollte, da die vermeintlichen Widersprüche eine neue Gelegenheit darstellen, die wissenschaftliche Methode erneut anzuwenden.
description: The contribution analyzes two important problems in relation to the complexity of biomedical research today. First, it addresses the question of the epistemological significance of negative results and their disclosure. On the other hand, it addresses the question of the epistemological significance of the often unrealizable replicability of results. Arguments are proposed for the position that the presence of contradictory, i. e., both positive and negative, results within a series of experiments should not diminish the reliability of the sciences themselves in the public mind, since the alleged contradictions represent a new opportunity to reapply the scientific method.
description: Wissenschaft in der Verlässlichkeitsfalle?: Praktiken der Konstruktion von Relevanz und Neutralität, p. 125
A note on the distribution of Iwasawa invariants of imaginary quadratic fields
Creators: name: Ray, Anwesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R23

description: Given an odd prime number $p$ and an imaginary quadratic field $K$, we establish a relationship between the $p$-rank of the class group of $K$, and the classical $λ$-invariant of the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension of $K$. Exploiting this relationship, we prove statistical results for the distribution of $λ$-invariants for imaginary quadratic fields ordered according to their discriminant. Some of our results are conditional since they rely on the original Cohen--Lenstra heuristics for the distribution of the $p$-parts of class groups of imaginary quadratic fields. Some results are unconditional results ad are obtained by leveraging theorems of Byeon, Craig and others.
description: Version 2: Minor changes following referee report
J. Büdel: Die Gliederung der Würmkaltzeit
Creators: name: Hartung, W.
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: J. Büdel: Die Gliederung der Würmkaltzeit. — Würzburger Geogr. Arbeiten (Mitt. d. Geogr. Ges. Würzburg) H. 8, 45 S., 4 Abb., Würzburg 1960
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 33 (1964): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Kogia Gray 1846
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Physeteridae
Kogia

description: Kogia Gray, 1846. Zool. Voy. H.M.S. "Erebus” and "Terror," 1:22. COMMENT: Reviewed by Handley, 1966, in Norris, ed „ Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises, p. 62-69. This genus is sometimes placed in the family Kogiidae; but see Rice, 1977. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411004001000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on pages 298-299, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
description: {"references": ["Rice, D. W. 1977. A list of the marine mammals of the world. Third ed. NOAA Technical Report, NMFS SSRF- 711: 1 - 15."]}
Organizing processes in a shadow institutional field
Creators: name: Dong, Lin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: In this inductive study, I shift the focus of exploring institutionalizing processes outside legal boundaries by examining the institutional maintenance of shadow institutional fields. To do so, I draw on a case of the counterfeit luxury industry. The analysis reveals the features of a shadow institutional field and how actors work to ensure the continuation and reproduction of institutions. Specifically, four sets of institutional work emerged from the data are building confidence, establishing a safe space, shielding the space and demarcating the boundaries. This research thus contributes to the understanding of how field types impact institutional maintenance, how actors maintain institutions without formal governance mechanisms and highlights the importance of exploring shadow institutional fields. In practice, rather than treating illegal activities as isolated actions, this research suggests that policymakers and other relevant stakeholders should pay attention to the internal mechanisms that sustain shadow institutional fields.