Terebellum terebellum terebellum (Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Maxwell, Stephen J.
name: Rymer, Tasmin L.
name: Congdon, Bradley C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Seraphsidae
Terebellum
Terebellum terebellum

description: Terebellum terebellum (Linnaeus, 1758)
Figure 9D
1684 Bonanno, p. 120, no. 57. Langii 1722, pp. 44, 77.
1688 Rhombus angustus nebulatus Lister, IV, cap. 6, no. 736, fig. 30.
1688 Rhombus angustus fasiatus Lister, IV, cap. 6, no. 736, fig. 31.
1688 Rhombus angustus punctatus Lister, IV, no. 737, fig. 32.
1705 Strombus terebellum Rumphius, pl. 30, fig. S.
1711 Strombus terebellum Rumphius, pl. 30, fig. S.
1713 Petiver, p. 3, pl. 13, fig. 24.
1741 Strombus terebellum Rumphius, pl. 30, fig. S. Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 362.
1742 D’Argenville, pl. 14, fig. G. = Terebra alata D’Argenville— Reeve 1842, p. 267. Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 362.
1742 Gualtieri, pl. 23, fig. O.
1753 Terebellum pullum Klein, p. 38, no. 101, spc. 1. Reeve 1842, p. 267. Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 363.
1753 Terebellum folium Klein, p. 38, no. 101, spc. 2.
1753 Terebellum punctatum Klein, p. 38, no. 101, spc. 3, pl. 2, fig. 49. Reeve 1842, p. 268. Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 363.
1753 Terebellum album Klein, p. 38, no. 101, spc. 4.
1753 Terebellum striatum Klein, p. 38, no. 101, spc. 5, pl. 2, fig. 49.
1753 Terebellum flammeum Klein, p. 38, no. 101, spc. 6.
1753 Terebellum fasciatum Klein, p. 38, no. 101, spc. 7.
1753 Terebellum patens Klein, p. 38, no. 101, spc. 8.
1758 Conus terebellum Linnaeus, p. 718, no. 284. Linnaeus 1760, p. 718, no. 284. Reeve 1842, p. 268. Hanley 1860, p. 63. Cox 1948, p. 31. Dey 1961, p. 67. Cernohorsky 1965, p. 15. Jung & Abbott 1967, p. 452. Ladd 1972, p. 57. Jung 1974, p. 44. Kohn 1976, p. 43. = Conus terebellum Mawe, 1823, p. 116, pl. 20, fig. 7.
= Bulla terebellum Linnaeus, 1767, p. 1185, no. 388. Born 1778, p. 192. Gmelin 1791, p. 3428, no. 22. Lamarck 1801, p. 72. Montfort 1810, p. 379. Sowerby 1820 –1825, pl. 263. Oken 1835, p. 456. Anton 1839, p. 102. Reeve 1842, p. 268. Tryon 1885, pp. 131, 145. Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 363. Eames 1952, p. 72. Woodring 1959, p. 191. Dey 1961, p. 67. Cernohorsky 1965, p. 15. Jung & Abbott 1967, p. 452, pl. 323. Ladd 1972, 532, p. 57. = Strombus terebellum Rumphius — Reeve 1842, p. 267. = Seraphs terebellum Woodward —Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 363. = Seraphs terebellum Montfort — Melvill & Standen 1901, p. 381. Melvill 1909, p. 93. = Seraphs terebellum Linnaeus — Tate 1890, p. 212, pl. 4, fig. 5. Pilsbry 1895, p. 55. Melvill & Standen 1899, p. 166. = Strombus terebellum Linnaeus — Melvill & Sykes 1897, p. 44. Hunter 1967, 15(9). = Terebellum terebellum Linnaeus — Mörch 1852, p. 64. Cox 1931, p. 7. Oostingh 1935, p. 58. Solem 1958, p. 220. Dey 1961, p. 67. Perron 1978, p. 469. Rippingale & McMichael 1961, p. 60, pl. 6, fig. 2. Abbott 1962, pp. 1–3. Nuttall 1965, p. 170. Lewis & Taylor 1966, p. 280. Wilson & Gillett 1971, p. 40, pl. 18, fig. 11. Hinton 1972, p. 10, pl. 5, figs. 27–30. Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83, pl. 20, fig. 5. Jung 1974, p. 44, pl. 14, figs. 1–11, tf. 13. Dance 1974, p. 75. Kohn 1976, p. 43. Hinton 1977a, p. 13, no. 10. Hinton 1977b, p. 10, no. 12. Taylor 1978, p. 3. Mastaller 1978, p. 131. Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09-657. Tantanasiriwong 1978, p. 8, fig. 99. Wilson & Gillett 1979, p. 76, pl. 14, fig. 11. Walls 1980, pp. 15, 55, 56, 190, fig. 4, p. 10, fig. 1, p. 11, fig. 1. Abbott & Dance 1982, p. 83. Mienis 1984, p. 56. Short & Potter 1987, p. 34, pl. 16, fig. 12. Clavier & Carrigue 1990, p. 9. Jones et al. 1990, p. 112. Woodward 1993, p. 28. Drivas & Jay 1998, p. 13, 15. Kreipl et al. 1999, pp. 10, 19, pl. 8, figs. 2, 3, 10, 11. de Bruyne 2003, p. 91. Smith 2003, p. 255. Lee & Chao 2004, p. 38. Slack-Smith & Bryce 2004, p. 228. Bandel 2007, p. 137. Pacaud 2008, p. 722. Al-Ansi & Al-Khayat 1999, p. 308. Brown 2011, p. 248. Al-Yamani et al. 2012, p. 159, pl. 134. Maxwell et al. 2018b, p. 64, figs. 1a–h & 2e–g. = Terebellum (Terebellum) terebellum Wissema — Cox 1948, p. 31. = Terebellum (Terebellum) terebellum Linnaeus — Beets 1950, p. 244. Cernohorsky 1965, p. 15, pl. 4, fig. 25. Jung & Abbott 1967, p. 445, pls. 319–321, 324–326. Ladd 1972, p. 57, pl. 15, fig. 4. Springsteen & Leobrera 1986, p. 68, pl. 15, fig. 6a. = Terebellum terebellum Gabbi, 1999, p. 128. = Terebellum terebellum terebellum Linnaeus — Okutani 2000, p. 189, pl. 94, fig. 1. Kulkarni et al. 2010, p. 325, fig. 2q.
1773 Avena marina Martini, pl. 51, figs. 568, 569. Reeve 1842, p. 268. Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 363.
1788 Terebellum punctatum Chemnitz, p. 124, pl. 146, figs. 1362–1363. Tryon 1885, pp. 131, 143. Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 363. Pilsbry 1895, p. 55. Martin 1899, p. 195, pl. 31, fig. 452. Oostingh 1935, p. 59. Dey 1961, p. 67. = Terebellum punctatum Bowdich 1822, pl. XI, fig. 14. = Terebellum punctatum Reeve —Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 363. Oostingh 1935, p. 59. Cox 1948, p. 31. Jung & Abbott 1967, p. 452. Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83. = Terebellum (Terebellum) punctatum Chemnitz — Horst & Schepman 1908, p. 223. = Terebellum sabulatum punctata Melvill, 1909, p. 94. = Terebellum punctatum Martin — Cox 1948, p. 31. = Terebellum punctatum Beets, 1950, p. 244. = Terebellum punctatum Van Der Vlerk — Dey 1961, p. 67.
1798 Terebellum nebulosum Röding, p. 135, no. 1690. Woodring 1959, p. 191. Jung & Abbott 1967, pp. 449, 452, pl. 321, fig. 11. Ladd 1972, p. 57. Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83. Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09-655. Walls 1980, p. 190. = Terebellum nebulosum Blainville — Tryon 1885, p. 141. = Terebellum (Terebellum) terebellum nebulosum Röding — Springsteen & Leobrera 1986, p. 68, pl. 15.
1798 Terebellum lineatum Röding 1798, p. 135, no. 1691. Perry 1811, pl. 37, no. 1. Woodring 1959, p. 191. Jung & Abbott 1967, pp. 449, 452, pl. 321, figs. 1, 2, 14. Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83. Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09-655. Walls 1980, p. 190. = Terebellum (Terebellum) terebellum lineatum Röding — Springsteen & Leobrera 1986, p. 68, pl. 15, fig. 6d. = Terebellum terebellum lineatum Röding — Kreipl et al. 1999, pp. 10, 19, pl. 8, figs. 1, 6.
1798 Terebellum punctulatum Röding 1798, p. 135, no. 1692. = Terebellum punctulorum Röding — Jung & Abbott 1967, pp. 449, 452, pl. 321, figs. 3, 5, 6. Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83, Walls 1980, p. 190. = Terebellum punctulovem Röding — Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09-656. = Terebellum terebellum punctulorum Röding — Kreipl et al. 1999, pp. 10, 19, pl. 8, figs. 4, 7, 8. Poppe & Tagaro 2016, pl. 8, fig. 5. = Terebellum (Terebellum) terebellum punctulorum Röding — Springsteen & Leobrera 1986, p. 68, pl. 15, fig. 6c.
1807 Terebellum album Link, p. 99. Jung & Abbott 1967, pp. 449, 452. Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83. Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09-652. Walls 1980, p. 190.
1807 Terebellum variegatum Link, p. 99. Jung & Abbott 1967, p. 452. Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83. Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09- 657. Walls 1980, p. 190.
1801 Terebellum subulatum Lamarck, p. 72. Montfort 1810, p. 379. Sowerby 1820 –1825, pl. 263, figs. 1 & 2. Lamarck 1822, p. 410. Cronch 1827, p. 38, pl. XX, fig. 1. Gould 1833, p. 96. Brown 1835, 1836, p. 67, pl. XI, fig. 4. Anton 1839, p. 102. Sowerby 1839, p. 104, fig. 452. Sowerby 1842, p. 270, fig. 452. Reeve 1842, p. 267, pl. 291, figs. 1, 2. Sowerby 1846, p. 270, fig. 452. Adams & Reeve 1848, p. 36, pl. 9, fig. 6. Gray et al. 1850, p. 36, pl. 9, fig. 6. Sowerby 1852, p. 290, fig. 452. Adams & Adams 1858, p. 263. Chenu 1859, p. 264, figs. 1656–1658. Reeve 1860, p. 94, pl. 1, fig. 6. Cuvier 1868, p. 32, pl. XV, fig. 9. Tryon 1883, p. 192, pl. 59, fig. 66. Tryon 1885, pp. 131, 145, pl. 11, figs. 27–30. Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 363. Martens 1889, p. 189. Pilsbry 1895, p. 55. Rogers 1908, p. 122. Melvill 1909, p. 93. Cox 1931, p. 7. Oostingh 1935, p. 58. Rippingale & McMichael 1961, p. 60. Dey 1961, p. 67. Cernohorsky 1965, p. 15. Jung & Abbott 1967, pp. 449 & 452. Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83. Dance 1974, p. 75. Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09-657. Walls 1980, p. 190. Eames 1952, p. 72. = Terebellum sabulatum Lamarck — Montfort 1810, p. 379. Jung & Abbott 1967, p. 452. Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09-656. = Terebellum subulatum Chemnitz — Mörch 1852, p. 64. Adams & Adams 1858, p. 263. = Terebellum subulatum Cooke 1885, p. 64. Cooke 1927, p. 98. Allan 1950, p. 102, pl. 14, fig. 7. Beets 1950, p. 244.
1811 Terebellum spirale Perry, pl. 37, no. 1. Jung & Abbott 1967, p. 452. Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83. Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09-657.
1885 Terebellum maculosum Adams — Tryon 1885, pp. 131, 141.
1961 Terebellum ubulatum Tyron — Dey 1961, p. 67.
1976 Terebellum pseudodelicatum Ogasawara, p. 62, pl. 3, figs. 1, 2, 6.
Terebellum terebra Bosc —Issel & Tapparone Canefri 1876, p. 363.
Terebellum terebellum delicatum Kuroda & Kawamoto — Kira 1962, p. 34, pl. 15, fig. 1. Cernohorsky 1965, p. 15. Jung & Abbott 1967, pp. 449, 453, pl. 321, figs. 9, 10. Ogasawara 1976, p. 62. Kreipl et al. 1999, pp. 10, 19, pl. 8 fig. 5. Okutani 2000, p. 189, pl. 94, fig. 2. = Terebellum delicatum Habe — Cernohorsky 1972, p. 83. = Terebellum delicatum Kuroda & Kawamoto — Wagner & Abbott 1978, p. 09-653. Walls 1980, p. 190.
Terebellum spc. Al-Khayat & Al-Ansi 2008, p. 550.
Type material. Lectotype — CLS P–Z 0010819 (Jung 1974). The shell is 37.5 mm in length with a width of 10.6 mm (Jung 1974).
Type locality. Designated herein as Cebu Island, Philippines [Recent].
Diagnosis. The shell is oblong fusiform, with approximately seven whorls. The protoconch is low and smooth, with fine longitudinal spirals. The teleoconch has six whorls and moderately straight sides. The base of the shell has incised spiral lines. The aperture is high, narrow and ovately elongate, becoming basally wider, and the labrum is moderately calloused, continuing as a carina above the suture. The suture of the shell has a well-defined incised canal. The operculum is diminished, triangulate and horny.
This taxon is highly variable in colour and size throughout its range, but remains morphologically consistent. There are five colour forms recognised:
- typical colour — brown to yellowish brown, with maculations of varying intensity (Figure 9D 1);
- Terebellum terebellum form punctulatum Röding, 1798 — shell with dots covering the entire surface (Figure 9D 2);
- Terebellum terebellum form nebulosum Röding, 1798 —shell with three spiral bands of colour (Figure 9D 4);
- Terebellum terebellum form lineatum Röding, 1798 — shell with strong zig-zag lines over the surface (Figure 9D 3);
- Terebellum terebellum form album Link, 1807 —shell white.
Distribution. Terebellum terebellum was first recorded from the early Miocene of Saipan and the Marianas and later in the Pliocene of India. Currently, this taxon ranges from the Red Sea throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific, and is especially common throughout the Philippine and Micronesian archipelagos (Jung & Abbott 1967). It is possible that the distributional records for Terebellum terebellum includes examples of all extant taxa. HO- LOCENE — Israel Sinai (Mienis 1984); Eilat, Gulf of Aqaba (Jung & Abbott 1967). Sudan Port Sudan (Mastaller 1978). Kuwait Mahboula (Al-Yamani et al. 2012). Mozambique off dock, Nacala (Jung & Abbott 1967). Tanzania 1.6 km north of Bawi Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); 2.4 km west south west of Ras Nungwi (Jung & Abbott 1967); Between Ukombe and Chumbe Islands (Jung & Abbott 1967). Comoros Islands Mayotte (Jung & Abbott 1967). Madagascar 3–5 km south of Nosy Iranja (Jung & Abbott 1967). Réunion (Drivas & Jay 1998). Mauritius (Jung & Abbott 1967). Seychelles (Melvill 1909); Amirante Islands (Melvill 1909); Baie Ternay, West Mahé Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Seychelles Bank (Lewis & Taylor 1966). Oman (Jung & Abbott 1967) Gulf of Oman (Melvill & Standen 1901). Qatar Alhadid (Al-Khayat & Al-Ansi 2008); Halut Al-Asere (Al-Ansi & Al-Khayat 1999), Hadeed (Al-Ansi & Al-Khayat 1999). Maldives Fadiffolu Atoll (Jung & Abbott 1967); Addu Atoll (Jung & Abbott 1967). Chagos Archipelago Cargodos (Melvill 1909). Andaman Islands Port Blair (Melvill & Sykes 1897). Thailand 40 km northwest of Phuket Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Phuket, Bay of Bengal (Tantanasiriwong 1978). Myanmar Mergui Archipelago (Martens 1889). Malaysia Kudat Bay (Jung & Abbott 1967); Semporna (Jung & Abbott 1967). China (Adams & Reeve 1848). Taiwan Kenting National Park (Lee & Chao 2004). Philippines throughout the archipelago (Jung & Abbott 1967); Luzon Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Cebu Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Leyte Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Mindanao Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Sanga-Sanga Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Sibutu Islands (Abbott 1962). Japan Bay of Yedo (Pilsbry 1895); Nagasaki (Pilsbry 1895); Yobuko (Pilsbry 1895); Baso Peninsula, Honshu (Jung & Abbott 1967); Tatsugahama, Honshu (Jung & Abbott 1967); Southern Kyushu (Jung & Abbott 1967); Okinawa Island (Pilsbry 1895; Jung & Abbott 1967). Marianas North side of Apro Harbor, Guam Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Guam (Smith 2003). Micronesia Throughout the archipelago (Jung & Abbott 1967); Truk (Jung & Abbott 1967); Yap Island (Jung & Abbott 1967). Palau (Jung & Abbott 1967). Marshall Islands Eniwetak Atoll (Jung & Abbott 1967); Bikini Atoll (Jung & Abbott 1967); Kwajalein Atoll (Jung & Abbott 1967). Indonesia Ambon Island (Horst & Schepman 1908; Jung & Abbott 1967); Sunda Straits (Jung & Abbott 1967); Aoeri Islands, Geelvink Bay (Jung & Abbott 1967); Japen Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Schouten Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Java (Horst & Schepman 1908); Banka (Horst & Schepman 1908); Ceram (Horst & Schep- man 1908). Papua New Guinea Finschhafen Bay (Jung & Abbott 1967); Matapi Island, 8 km from Rabaul (Jung & Abbott 1967); Rabaul Harbour (Jung & Abbott 1967); Kumbun, near Kandrain (Jung & Abbott 1967); Port Moresby (Hinton 1972). Solomon Islands Atao District, Malaita Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Florida Island (Solem 1958); Roviana Lagoon, New Georgia (Jung & Abbott 1967). American Samoa Tutuila (Jung & Abbott 1967; Brown 2011). Australia Broome (Jung & Abbott 1967); Dampier Archipelago (Slack-Smith & Bryce 2004); Cape Leveque (Jung & Abbott 1967); Murray Island, Torres Straits (Melvill & Standen 1899); Lizard Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Palm Island (Rippingale & McMichael 1961); Kenn Reef, Coral Sea (Hunter 1967); One Tree Reef (Jones et al. 1990). New Caledonia Chesterfield Reef, Coral Sea (Clavier & Carrigue 1990; Caze et al. 2010); Poindimié (Caze et al. 2010); Poum (Caze et al. 2010); Thio (Caze et al. 2010); Yaté (Caze et al. 2010); Belep (Caze et al. 2010). Noumea (Jung & Abbott 1967); Ile des Pins (Caze et al. 2010; Jung & Abbott 1967); Ouvea Island (Jung & Abbott 1967); Canala (Caze et al. 2010); Balabio Island (Caze et al. 2010); Nord Lagoon (Caze et al. 2010); Île Ouen-Baie du Prony (Caze et al. 2010); Baie de St Vincent (Caze et al. 2010); Atoll de Surprise (Caze et al. 2010); Grand Récif Sud (Caze et al. 2010). Vanuatu Aoré Island (Jung & Abbott 1967; Caze et al. 2010); Baldwin Bay (Caze et al. 2010); Belmoul Lagoon (Caze et al. 2010); Palikulo Bay (Caze et al. 2010); SE corner of Santo (Caze et al. 2010); Segond Channel (Caze et al. 2010); Tangoa Island (Caze et al. 2010); West Tutuba Island (Caze et al. 2010); West Aésé Island (Caze et al. 2010). Fiji (Cernohorsky 1965; Jung & Abbott 1967). Tonga Tongatapu Island (Jung & Abbott 1967) French Polynesia? Marquesas Islands (Jung & Abbott 1967). QUATERNARY— Tanzania Dar es Salaam (Jung & Abbott 1967; Jung 1974). Indonesia Belitung Island (Jung & Abbott 1967; 1974); Bunyu Island, East Borneo (Jung & Abbott 1967; Jung 1974). PLEISTOCENE —Red Sea cast bed below reef Limestone near Mharak Village, Farasan Kebir (Cox 1931). Madagascar Espirit Limestone, Aldabra Atoll (Taylor 1978). PLIOCENE/ PLEISTOCENE— Indonesia Nias Island, off Sumatra (Dey 1961; Jung & Abbott 1967; Jung 1974); Biliton Island, off Sumatra (Dey 1961). NEOGENE — Indonesia Java (‘Oostingh’ in Jung & Abbott 1967; Jung 1974); Saonek Besar (Dey 1961; Jung & Abbott 1967; Jung 1974). PLIOCENE— Indonesia Java (Cox 1948; Dey 1961); Winongm Tegal, Java (Martin 1899). Tjipamali, Java (Oostingh 1935); Sumatra (Cox 1948; Dey 1961; Jung & Abbott 1967; Jung 1974); North Kutei, Borneo (Jung & Abbott 1967, Jung 1974); Boenjoe Island, Borneo (Beets 1950). Timor (Cox 1948); East Ceram (Jung & Abbott 1967; Jung 1974). Red Sea Farasan Islands (Dey 1961). India Gaj (Dey 1961); Sind (Dey 1961). Malaysia Dent Peninsula (Cox 1948; Nuttall 1965). MIOCENE— Indonesia Java (Cox 1948; Dey 1961; ‘Martin’ in Jung & Abbott 1967; Jung 1974). India Quilon, Kerala (Dey 1961). Japan Sunakozaka Formation, Asano-gawa at Higashi-Ischise, Kanazawa City, Ishikawa Prefecture (Ogasawara 1976). Aquitanian— Marianas Saipan Island (Ladd 1972).
Remarks. Hanley (1860) studied an undated handwritten copy of Linnaeus’ Museum Ulricae, and it shows that Linnaeus first intended that name ‘ terebellum ’ be used for Conus nussatella Linnaeus, 1758 (Conidae Fleming, 1822). This was changed prior to publication into the taxon we now associate with this epithet. Both Linnaeus (1758, 1767) and Gmelin (1791) provide sound Terebellum terebellum descriptions under Conus terebellum Linnaeus, 1758 (= Terebellum terebellum) and Bulla terebellum Linnaeus, 1767 (= Terebellum terebellum).
description: Published as part of Maxwell, Stephen J., Rymer, Tasmin L. & Congdon, Bradley C., 2021, Resolving phylogenetic and classical nomenclature: A revision of Seraphsidae Jung, 1974 (Gastropoda: Neostromboidae), pp. 401-453 in Zootaxa 4990 (3) on pages 439-442, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4990.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5026777