cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Η σχέση της δυσκολίας του λεξιλογίου με την επίδοση των εξεταζόμενων σε μία δοκιμασία κατανόησης γραπτού λόγου
Creators: name: Μαυρίδου, Μαρίνα Ηλία
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Βασικό λεξιλόγιο του De Mauro
Δείκτης ευκολίας / Δείκτης δυσκολίας
Eπίδοση των εξεταζόμενων
De Mauro’s basic vocabulary
Easiness Index / Difficulty Index
Examinees’ performance

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η μελέτη της σχέσης του λεξιλογίου μίας δοκιμασίας κατανόησης γραπτού λόγου με την επίδοση των εξεταζόμενων, η οποία είναι σημαντική αλλά πολύπλοκη. Εξετάσαμε 18 πρόσφατες δοκιμασίες κατανόησης γραπτού λόγου του κρατικού πιστοποιητικού γλωσσομάθειας, επιπέδου Β, στην ιταλική γλώσσα. Κρίθηκε σκόπιμο, ανάμεσα σε άλλες, να ορισθούν ως μεταβλητές οι 3 κατηγορίες του βασικού λεξιλογίου του De Mauro, το θεμελιώδες λεξιλόγιο, το λεξιλόγιο υψηλής χρήσης και το λεξιλόγιο υψηλής διαθεσιμότητας, για να διαπιστωθεί κατά πόσο η ύπαρξη λέξεων που ανήκουν στις 3 παραπάνω κατηγορίες επηρεάζουν την επίδοση των υποψηφίων. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάσαμε αναλυτικά τα ευρήματα που προέκυψαν μετά την επεξεργασία των δεδομένων καθώς επίσης και τους περιορισμούς της έρευνας. Ακόμη αναφερθήκαμε στη σχέση που υπάρχει ανάμεσα στον δείκτη ευκολίας των ερωτημάτων και της διακριτικής ικανότητάς τους. Διαπιστώσαμε ότι φαίνεται να υπάρχει συνάφεια μεταξύ της επίδοσης των εξεταζόμενων και του ποσοστού των λέξεων που ανήκει στο λεξιλόγιο υψηλής χρήσης (μεσαίας δυσκολίας), καθώς η δυσκολία κάθε δοκιμασίας εξαρτάται από το ποσοστό των λέξεων που ανήκει στην προαναφερθείσα κατηγορία. Επιπλέον, δεν φαίνεται να υπάρχει κάποια σχέση ανάμεσα στον δείκτη ευκολίας και στον δείκτη διακριτικότητας των ερωτημάτων.
description: The aim of the present postgraduate thesis was the study of the relation between the vocabulary of a writing comprehension test and the performance of the examinees, which is important but complex. We examined 18 recent writing comprehension tests of the state certificate of language proficiency, level B, in Italian. It was considered appropriate, among others, to define as variables the 3 categories of De Mauro's basic vocabulary, fundamental vocabulary, high use vocabulary and high availability vocabulary, and to determine whether the presence of words belonging to these categories influenced the performance of the candidates. Furthermore, we analyzed the relation between the easiness index of the questions and their discrimination index. Then we presented the findings obtained and the limitations of the study. We found that there seems to be a correlation between the performance of the examinees and the percentage of words belonging to the vocabulary of high use (medium difficulty), since the difficulty of each test depends on the percentage of words belonging to the aforementioned category. Moreover, there seems to be no relation between the easiness index and the discrimination index of the questions.
Random data final-state problem for the mass-subcritical NLS in $L^2$
Creators: name: Murphy, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the final-state problem for the mass-subcritical NLS above the Strauss exponent. For $u_+\in L^2$, we perform a physical-space randomization, yielding random final states $u_+^ω\in L^2$. We show that for almost every $ω$, there exists a unique, global solution to NLS that scatters to $u_+^ω$. This complements the deterministic result of Nakanishi, which proved the existence (but not necessarily uniqueness) of solutions scattering to prescribed $L^2$ final states.
description: 11 pages, updated references and extended to dimensions d=1,2
Backward Monte-Carlo applied to muon transport
Creators: name: Niess, Valentin
name: Barnoud, Anne
name: Carloganu, Cristina
name: Menedeu, Eve Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a backward Monte-Carlo technique for muon transport problem, with emphasis on its application in muography. Backward Monte-Carlo allows exclusive sampling of a final state by reversing the simulation flow. In practice it can be made analogous to an adjoint Monte-Carlo, though it is more versatile for muon transport. A backward Monte-Carlo was implemented as a dedicated muon transport library: PUMAS. It is shown for case studies relevant for muography imaging that the implementations of forward and backward Monte-Carlo schemes agree to better than 1%.
description: 43 pages, 7 figures
Quantising the electromagnetic field near two-sided semi-transparent mirrors
Creators: name: Furtak-Wells, Nicholas
name: Clark, Lewis A.
name: Purdy, Robert
name: Beige, Almut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper models light scattering through flat surfaces with finite transmission, reflection and absorption rates, with wave packets approaching the mirror from both sides. While using the same notion of photons as in free space, our model also accounts for the presence of mirror images and the possible exchange of energy between the electromagnetic field and the mirror surface. To test our model, we derive the spontaneous decay rate and the level shift of an atom in front of a semi-transparent mirror as a function of its transmission and reflection rates. When considering limiting cases and using standard approximations, our approach reproduces well-known results but it also paves the way for the modelling of more complex scenarios.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, improved version
Revisit of directed flow in relativistic heavy-ion collisions from a multiphase transport model
Creators: name: Guo, Chong-Qiang
name: Zhang, Chun-Jian
name: Xu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have revisited several interesting questions on how the rapidity-odd directed flow is developed in relativistic $^{197}$Au+$^{197}$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 and 39 GeV based on a multiphase transport model. As the partonic phase evolves with time, the slope of the parton directed flow at midrapidity region changes from negative to positive as a result of the later dynamics at 200 GeV, while it remains negative at 39 GeV due to the shorter life time of the partonic phase. The directed flow splitting for various quark species due to their different initial eccentricities is observed at 39 GeV, while the splitting is very small at 200 GeV. From a dynamical coalescence algorithm with Wigner functions, we found that the directed flow of hadrons is a result of competition between the coalescence in momentum and coordinate space as well as further modifications by the hadronic rescatterings.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, version after major revision
Fully packed loop configurations: polynomiality and nested arches
Creators: name: Aigner, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article proves a conjecture by Zuber about the enumeration of fully packed loops (FPLs). The conjecture states that the number of FPLs whose link pattern consists of two noncrossing matchings which are separated by $m$ nested arches is a polynomial function in $m$ of certain degree and with certain leading coefficient. Contrary to the approach of Caselli, Krattenthaler, Lass and Nadeau (who proved a partial result) we make use of the theory of wheel polynomials developed by Di Francesco, Fonseca and Zinn-Justin. We present a new basis for the vector space of wheel polynomials and a polynomiality theorem in a more general setting. This allows us to finish the proof of Zubers conjecture.
description: replaced with revised version
Electron Black Holes: Quantum Effects and Gravitational Phenomena for Micro-Singularities
Creators: name: Thornton, Kaylin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510899
subject: Quantum physics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 490205
subject: Mathematical aspects of quantum and conformal field theory, quantum gravity and string theory

description: We explore the properties and phenomena associated with Electron
Black holes, which are constructs representing extreme objects in cosmic physics.
Quenching Measurements and Modeling of a Boron-Loaded Organic Liquid Scintillator
Creators: name: Westerdale, Shawn
name: Xu, Jingke
name: Shields, Emily
name: Froborg, Francis
name: Calaprice, Frank
name: Alexander, Thomas
name: Aprahamian, Ani
name: Back, Henning O.
name: Casarella, Clark
name: Fang, Xiao
name: Gupta, Yogesh K.
name: Lamere, Edward
name: Liu, Qian
name: Lyons, Stephanie
name: Smith, Mallory
name: Tan, Wanpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organic liquid scintillators are used in a wide variety of applications in experimental nuclear and particle physics. Boron-loaded scintillators are particularly useful for detecting neutron captures, due to the high thermal neutron capture cross section of $^{10}$B. These scintillators are commonly used in neutron detectors, including the DarkSide-50 neutron veto, where the neutron may produce a signal when it scatters off protons in the scintillator or when it captures on $^{10}$B. Reconstructing the energy of these recoils is complicated by scintillation quenching. Understanding how nuclear recoils are quenched in these scintillators is an important and difficult problem. In this article, we present a set of measurements of neutron-induced proton recoils in a boron-loaded organic liquid scintillator at recoil energies ranging from 57--467 keV, and we compare these measurements to predictions from different quenching models. We find that a modified Birks' model whose denominator is quadratic in $dE/dx$ best describes the measurements, with $χ^2$/NDF$=1.6$. This result will help model nuclear recoil scintillation in similar detectors and can be used to improve their neutron tagging efficiency.
British Gallup Poll CQ 611
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); James Callaghan job performance (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); party support (2); 1974 General Election (2); urgent problems (2); party to handle problems (1); next general election (2); government income & price policy (5); government controlling prices (1); rising prices stoppable (1); trade union response to policy (1); oil shortage (7); oil exploration (12); British National Oil Corporation (3); religious preferences (2); International Organizations (12); dental hygiene (5); imported food (7); bought sewing machine (4).
Device-independent Randomness Amplification and Privatization
Creators: name: Kessler, Max
name: Arnon-Friedman, Rotem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Randomness is an essential resource in computer science. In most applications perfect, and sometimes private, randomness is needed, while it is not even clear that such a resource exists. It is well known that the tools of classical computer science do not allow us to create perfect and secret randomness from a single weak public source. Quantum physics, on the other hand, allows for such a process, even in the most paranoid cryptographic sense termed "quantum device-independent cryptography". In this work we propose and prove the security of a new device-independent protocol that takes any single public Santha-Vazirani source as input and creates a secret close to uniform string in the presence of a quantum adversary. Our work is the first to achieve randomness amplification with all the following properties: (1) amplification and "privatization" of a public Santha-Vazirani source with arbitrary bias (2) the use of a device with only two components (compared to polynomial number of components) (3) non-vanishing extraction rate and (4) maximal noise tolerance. In particular, this implies that our protocol is the first protocol that can possibly be implemented with reachable parameters. We are able to achieve these by combining three new tools: a particular family of Bell inequalities, a proof technique to lower bound entropy in the device-independent setting, and a special framework for quantum-proof multi-source extractors.
Linear magnetoelectric effect as a signature of long-range collinear antiferromagnetic ordering in the frustrated spinel CoAl2O4
Creators: name: Ghara, Somnath
name: Ter-Oganessian, N. V.
name: Sundaresan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of the frustrated A-site magnetic spinel CoAl2O4 has been a controversial issue whether it is a collinear antiferromagnetic ordering or a spiral spin - liquid state, as the ratio of the two competing interactions, J2/J1 lies close to the boundary between these two ground states. Here, we address the magnetic ground state in CoAl2O4 with different amount of Co2+/Al3+ site disorder from the study of magnetoelectric effect and Monte Carlo simulations. CoAl2O4 with low site disorder exhibits linear magnetoelectric effect below the magnetic ordering temperature. With increasing disorder, the magnetoelectric effect is suppressed and the sample with 14% disorder exhibits a spin glass behavior without the magnetoelectric effect. Monte Carlo simulations support the experimental findings and suggest that the site disorder suppresses long - range antiferromagnetic order and induces a spin glass state. Since the linear magnetoelectric effect requires a long - range magnetic ordering, we suggest that the ground state of CoAl2O4 with low site disorder is a collinear antiferromagnet.
description: 38 pages, 14 figures
Stability Analysis of DC Microgrids with Constant Power Load under Distributed Control Method
Creators: name: Liu, Zhangjie
name: Su, Mei
name: Sun, Yao
name: Han, Hua
name: Hou, Xiaochao
name: Guerrero, Josep M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 93Dxx

description: DC microgrids are becoming popular as effective means to integrate various renewable energy resources. Constant power loads (CPLs) may yield instability due to the negative impedance characteristic. This paper analyzes the stability of the DC microgrid in presence of CPL. Distributed generations (DGs) are controlled by using a distributed controller which aims at current sharing and voltage recovery. For simplicity, a reduced order model is derived on the fundamental of neglecting the transient state of the DC/DC converter. The purpose of this paper is to analyze stability conditions and give the suggestions to design control parameters. The stability conditions are obtained by using inertia theorem. Moreover, this paper makes a further detailed research based on the existed theorems. Simulation results are provided to verify the effectiveness and validity of the proposed theorem.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Turbulent diffusion of chemically reacting flows: theory and numerical simulations
Creators: name: Elperin, T.
name: Kleeorin, N.
name: Liberman, M.
name: Lipatnikov, A.
name: Rogachevskii, I.
name: Yu, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of turbulent diffusion of chemically reacting gaseous admixtures developed previously (Phys. Rev. E {\bf 90}, 053001, 2014) is generalized for large yet finite Reynolds numbers, and the dependence of turbulent diffusion coefficient versus two parameters, the Reynolds number and Damköhler number (which characterizes a ratio of turbulent and reaction time scales) is obtained. Three-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS) of a finite thickness reaction wave for the first-order chemical reactions propagating in forced, homogeneous, isotropic, and incompressible turbulence are performed to validate the theoretically predicted effect of chemical reactions on turbulent diffusion. It is shown that the obtained DNS results are in a good agreement with the developed theory.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, REVTEX4-1, revised
A solar blowout jet caused by the eruption of a magnetic flux rope
Creators: name: Zhu, Xiaoshuai
name: Wang, Huaning
name: Cheng, Xin
name: Huang, Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic structure of a blowout jet originated in the west edge of NOAA Active Region (AR) 11513 on 02 July 2012 by means of recently developed forced field extrapolation (FFE) model. The results show that the blowout jet was caused by the eruption of the magnetic flux rope (MFR) consisting of twisted field lines. We further calculate the twist number $\mathcal{T}_{w}$ and squashing factor Q of the reconstructed magnetic field and find that (1) the MFR corresponds well to the high $\mathcal{T}_{w}$ region (2) the MFR outer boundary corresponds well to the high Q region, probably interpreting the bright structure at the base of the jet. The twist number of the MFR is estimated to be $\mathcal{T}_{w}=-1.54\pm 0.67$. Thus, the kink instability is regarded as the initiation mechanism of the blowout jet as $\mathcal{T}_{w}$ reaching or even exceeding the threshold value of the kink instability. Our results also indicate that the bright point at the decaying phase is actually comprised of some small loops that are heated by the reconnection occurred above. In summary, the blowout jet is mostly consistent with the scenario proposed by \citet{mcs10} except that the kink instability is found to be a possible trigger.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJl
On integrability of the Killing equation
Creators: name: Houri, Tsuyoshi
name: Tomoda, Kentaro
name: Yasui, Yukinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Killing tensor fields have been thought of as describing hidden symmetry of space(-time) since they are in one-to-one correspondence with polynomial first integrals of geodesic equations. Many problems in classical mechanics can be formulated as geodesic problems in curved spaces and spacetimes, and thus solving the defining equation for Killing tensor fields (the Killing equation) is a powerful way to integrate the equations of motion. In this paper we attempt to formulate the integrability conditions of the Killing equation, which serve to put an upper bound on the number of linearly independent solutions and also to restrict the possible forms of solutions tightly. To this end, we first show the prologation for the Killing equation in a manner that uses Young symmetrizers. Then, using the prolonged equations, we provide the integrability conditions explicitly.
description: 24 pages, single-column; v2: one of the conjectures in ver. 1 is withdrawn because it was already known in the literature; some references to previous work added; a proof in Sec. II added; v3: published version; application added in section 3.2; minor editing to improve the presentation
BENEFÍCIOS DA TOXINA BOTULÍNICA TIPO A NA CICATRIZAÇÃO PÓS- CIRÚRGICA DE FISSURAS LABIOPALATINAS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Creators: name: Francisbênia Alves SILVESTRE
name: Rachel Brazuna SOLIDÔNIO
name: Ana Letícia Daniel FONTENELE
name: Rebeca Vasconcelos Oliveira MONTEIRO
name: Ana Carolina Lima MOREIRA
name: Luísa Silva dos SANTOS
name: Ana Karolaynne da Silva RODRIGUES
name: Raniel Fernandes PEIXOTO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fissura labiopalatina
Toxina botulínica tipo A
Cicatrização tecidual

description: RESUMO

A fissura labiopalatina (FLP) é uma malformação craniofacial congênita que impacta de forma significativa a estética, a função e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes, resultando em desafios que vão desde dificuldades alimentares e fonéticas até questões psicossociais. As abordagens terapêuticas para a correção da FLP são complexas e multidisciplinares, exigindo intervenções cirúrgicas precisas e cuidadosas. Recentemente, a aplicação de toxina botulínica tipo A tem ganhado destaque como uma estratégia adjuvante promissora, devido aos seus efeitos benéficos na cicatrização tecidual e na redução de cicatrizes, que são aspectos críticos para o sucesso das cirurgias corretivas. Esta revisão de literatura tem como objetivo analisar o uso da toxina botulínica tipo A em pacientes com FLP, enfatizando suas implicações na melhoria dos resultados cirúrgicos e estéticos. Foi realizada uma busca abrangente nas bases de dados PubMed e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) utilizando os descritores “Cleft Lip”, “Botulinum Toxin” e “Scars”. Os artigos selecionados indicam que a aplicação da toxina botulínica pode contribuir significativamente para a minimização das cicatrizes, promovendo uma melhor regeneração tecidual e resultados estéticos mais satisfatórios. Contudo, são necessários estudos para padronizar a dosagem e avaliar potenciais efeitos adversos, consolidando assim o seu uso no manejo cirúrgico da FLP.
Surveying the SO(10) Model Landscape: The Left-Right Symmetric Case
Creators: name: Deppisch, Frank F.
name: Gonzalo, Tomas E.
name: Graf, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) are a very well motivated extensions of the Standard Model (SM), but the landscape of models and possibilities is overwhelming, and different patterns can lead to rather distinct phenomenologies. In this work we present a way to automatise the model building process, by considering a top to bottom approach that constructs viable and sensible theories from a small and controllable set of inputs at the high scale. By providing a GUT scale symmetry group and the field content, possible symmetry breaking paths are generated and checked for consistency, ensuring anomaly cancellation, SM embedding and gauge coupling unification. We emphasise the usefulness of this approach for the particular case of a non-supersymmetric SO(10) model with an intermediate left-right symmetry and we analyse how low-energy observables such as proton decay and lepton flavour violation might affect the generated model landscape.
description: 36 pages, 6 figures
Partial dust obscuration in active galactic nuclei as a cause of broad-line profile and lag variability, and apparent accretion disc inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Gaskell, C. Martin
name: Harrington, Peter Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The profiles of the broad emission lines of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the time delays in their response to changes in the ionizing continuum ("lags") give information about the structure and kinematics of the inner regions of AGNs. Line profiles are also our main way of estimating the masses of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs). However, the profiles often show ill-understood, asymmetric structure and velocity-dependent lags vary with time. Here we show that partial obscuration of the broad-line region (BLR) by outflowing, compact, dusty clumps produces asymmetries and velocity-dependent lags similar to those observed. Our model explains previously inexplicable changes in the ratios of the hydrogen lines with time and velocity, the lack of correlation of changes in line profiles with variability of the central engine, the velocity dependence of lags, and the change of lags with time. We propose that changes on timescales longer than the light-crossing time do not come from dynamical changes in the BLR, but are a natural result of the effect of outflowing dusty clumps driven by radiation pressure acting on the dust. The motion of these clumps offers an explanation of long-term changes in polarization. The effects of the dust complicate the study of the structure and kinematics of the BLR and the search for sub-parsec SMBH binaries. Partial obscuration of the accretion disc can also provide the local fluctuations in luminosity that can explain sizes deduced from microlensing.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Isospin analysis of charmless B-meson decays
Creators: name: Charles, J.
name: Deschamps, O.
name: Descotes-Genon, S.
name: Niess, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the determination of the CKM angle $α$ using the non-leptonic two-body decays $B\to ππ$, $B\to ρρ$ and $B\to ρπ$ using the latest data available. We illustrate the methods used in each case and extract the corresponding value of $α$. Combining all these elements, we obtain the following determination of $α_{\rm dir}=( 86.2^{+4.4}_{-4.0}~~ \cup~~ 178.4^{+3.9}_{-5.1})^\circ$. We assess the uncertainties associated to the breakdown of the isospin hypothesis and the choice of statistical framework in detail. We also determine the hadronic amplitudes (tree and penguin) describing the QCD dynamics involved in these decays, briefly comparing our results with theoretical expectations. For each observable of interest in the $B\to ππ$, $B\to ρρ$ and $B\to ρπ$ systems, we perform an indirect determination based on the constraints from all the other observables available and we discuss the compatibility between indirect and direct determinations. Finally, we review the impact of future improved measurements on the determination of $α$.
description: Update after journal review
Nuclear modification of forward Drell-Yan production at the LHC
Creators: name: Ducloué, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forward Drell-Yan production at high energy can provide important constraints on gluon densities at small $x$, in the saturation regime. In this work we focus on the nuclear modification of this process, which could be measured at the LHC in the near future. For this we employ the color dipole approach, using the optical Glauber model to relate the dipole cross section of a nucleus to the one of a proton. Combining these results with our earlier results for forward $J/ψ$ production, we compute the ratio of the nuclear modification factors of these two processes. This observable was recently suggested as a way to distinguish between initial and final state effects in forward particle production.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. v2: published version
Universal dual amplitudes and asymptotic expansions for $gg\to H$ and $H\to γγ$ in four dimensions
Creators: name: Driencourt-Mangin, Felix
name: Rodrigo, German
name: Sborlini, German F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Though the one-loop amplitudes of the Higgs boson to massless gauge bosons are finite because there is no direct interaction at tree-level in the Standard Model, a well-defined regularization scheme is still required for their correct evaluation. We reanalyze these amplitudes in the framework of the four-dimensional unsubtraction and the loop-tree duality (FDU/LTD), and show how a local renormalization solves potential regularization ambiguities. The Higgs boson interactions are also used to illustrate new additional advantages of this formalism. We show that LTD naturally leads to very compact integrand expressions in four space-time dimensions of the one-loop amplitude with virtual electroweak gauge bosons. They exhibit the same functional form as the amplitudes with top quarks and charged scalars, thus opening further possibilities for simplifications in higher-order computations. Another outstanding application is the straightforward implementation of asymptotic expansions by using dual amplitudes. One of the main benefits of the LTD representation is that it is supported in a Euclidean space. This characteristic feature naturally leads to simpler asymptotic expansions.
description: 11 pages, no figures. Minor modifications, discussion improved. Final version published in EPJC
Lorentz Covariance of Dirac Electrons in Solids: Dielectric and Diamagnetic Properties
Creators: name: Maebashi, Hideaki
name: Ogata, Masao
name: Fukuyama, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electrodynamics of Dirac electrons in solids (e.g., bismuth) by comparing it with quantum electrodynamics (QED). It is shown that Lorentz covariance associated with the Dirac electrons in solids results in a remarkable correlation between the dielectric and diamagnetic properties, leading to a significant enhancement in the permittivity directly linked to the well-known phenomenon of large diamagnetism.
description: 5 pages, 1 table, plus Supplemental Material (8 pages)
Tension and constraints on modified gravity parametrizations of $G_{\textrm{eff}}(z)$ from growth rate and Planck data
Creators: name: Nesseris, Savvas
name: Pantazis, George
name: Perivolaropoulos, Leandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an updated and extended compilation of growth rate data consisting of 34 points and including corrections for model dependence. In order to maximize the independence of the datapoints we also construct a subsample of this compilation (`Gold' growth dataset) which consists of 18 datapoints. We test the consistency of this dataset with the best fit Planck15/$Λ$CDM parameters in the context of General Relativity (GR) using the evolution equation for the growth factor $δ(a)$ with a $w$CDM background. We find tension at the $\sim 3 σ$ level between the best fit parameters $w$ (the dark energy equation of state), $Ω_{0m}$ (the matter density parameter) and $σ_8$ (the matter power spectrum normalization on scales $8h^{-1}$Mpc) and the corresponding Planck15/$Λ$CDM parameters. We show that the tension disappears if we allow for evolution of the effective Newton's constant, parametrized as $G_{eff}(a)/G_N = 1 + g_a(1-a)^n-g_a(1-a)^{2n}$ with $n\ge2$ where $g_a$, $n$ are parameters of the model, $a$ is the scale factor and $z = 1/a-1$ is the redshift. This parametrization satisfies three criteria: a. $G_{eff} > 0$, b. Consistency with Big Bang Nucleosynthesis ($G_{eff}(a\ll 1)/G_N=1$), c. Consistency with solar system tests ($G_{eff}(a=1)/G_N=1$ and $G_{eff}'(a=1)/G_N=0$). We show that the best fit form of $G_{eff}(z)$ obtained from the growth data corresponds to weakening gravity at recent redshifts (decreasing function of $z$) and we demonstrate that this behavior is not consistent with any scalar-tensor Lagrangian with a real scalar field. Finally, we use MGCAMB to find the best fit $G_{eff}(z)$ obtained from the Planck CMB power spectrum on large angular scales and show that it is a mildly increasing function of $z$, in $3σ$ tension with the corresponding decreasing best fit $G_{eff}(z)$ obtained from the growth data.
description: 19 pages, 10 Figures. CMB lensing analysis included (two new Figures, Fig.8 and Fig. 9). Accepted in Phys. Rev. D (to appear). The updated numerical analysis files used for the production of the figures may be found at http://leandros.physics.uoi.gr/growth-tension/
Large Shock Ties the Hands of Power
Creators: name: Zhou, Wanxi
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamic Global Game
subject: Corruption
subject: Nondemocracy
subject: Equilibrium Shift
subject: Large Shock
subject: Crisis

description: The paper uses dynamic global game model to study the impact of large shock or crisis on the magnitude of corruption for nondemocratic regime. Corruption level impacts citizens’ satisfaction about the regime while large shock, e.g., financial crisis and pandemic, can drastically raise citizens’ dissatisfaction about the government and their incentive for participating in revolution. The model assumes fat-tailed distribution of the common shock that can trigger shift between equilibrium strategies for the citizens, where revolution is more likely to occur in the lower cut-off equilibrium. The multiplicity of equilibria due to nonmonotonic rank belief function of the citizens enables large shock to trigger major attack without a high corruption level. We show that dictator’s fear for the effect of large shock on the outbreak of revolt can disincentivize him from conducting more severe corruptive behaviors. However, if the dictator cares little about the impact of crisis on revolution, he will remain or even intensify the corruption level and thus the threatening effect of large shock would diminish.
Spectroscopic Evidence of Low Energy Gaps Persisting Towards 120 Kelvin in Surface-Doped p-Terphenyl Crystals
Creators: name: Li, Haoxiang
name: Zhou, Xiaoqing
name: Parham, Stephen
name: Nummy, Thomas
name: Griffith, Justin
name: Gordon, Kyle
name: Chronister, Eric L.
name: Dessau, Daniel. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of high temperature superconductivity in organic compounds has been discussed since the pioneering work of Little in 1964, with unsatisfactory progress until the recent report of a weak Meissner shielding effect at 120 Kelvin in potassium-doped para-terphenyl samples. To date however, no other signals of the superconductivity have been shown, including the zero-resistance state or evidence for the formation of the Cooper pairs that are inherent to the superconducting state. Here, using high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy on potassium surface-doped para-terphenyl crystals, we uncover low energy gaps that persist to approximately 120 K. Among a few potential origins for these gaps, we argue that the onset of electron pairing within molecules is most likely. And while pairing gaps are a prerequisite for high temperature superconductivity they do not guarantee it. Rather, the development of long-range phase coherence between the paired states on the molecules is necessary, requiring good wavefunction overlap between molecular states--something that is in general difficult for such weakly overlapping molecules.
Distributed fiber sparse-wideband vibration sensing by sub-Nyquist additive random sampling
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingdong
name: Zheng, Hua
name: Zhu, Tao
name: Yin, Guolu
name: Liu, Min
name: Bai, Yongzhong
name: Qu, Dingrong
name: Qiu, Feng
name: Huang, Xianbing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The round trip time of the light pulse limits the maximum detectable vibration frequency response range of phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometry (ϕ-OTDR). Unlike the uniform laser pulse interval in conventional ϕ-OTDR, we randomly modulate the pulse interval, so that an equivalent sub-Nyquist additive random sampling (sNARS) is realized for every sensing point of the long interrogation fiber. For an ϕ-OTDR system with 10 km sensing length, the sNARS method is optimized by theoretical analysis and Monte Carlo simulation, and the experimental results verify that a wide-band spars signal can be identified and reconstructed. Such a method can broaden the vibration frequency response range of ϕ-OTDR, which is of great significance in sparse-wideband-frequency vibration signal detection, such as rail track monitoring and metal defect detection.
Finite-size Effect for Dyonic Giant Magnons in $CP^3_β$
Creators: name: Chen, Hui-Huang
name: Wu, Jun-Bao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the finite-size giant magnons in $\text{AdS}_4\times\text{CP}^3_β$ background using the classical spectral curve constructed in this paper. We computed the finite-size corrections to the dispersion relations for the $RP^3$ giant magnons using our twisted algebraic curve based on the method proposed in arXiv:0810.1246, in which the authors computed the finite-size corrections of giant magnons in $\text{AdS}_4\times\text{CP}^3$ by introducing a finite-size resolvent $G_{\text{finite}}(x)$. We obtained exactly the same result as in arXiv:1106.3686, where a totally different approach was used.
description: a few typos fixed
On exponential suppression of the cosmological constant in non-SUSY strings at two loops and beyond
Creators: name: Abel, Steven
name: Stewart, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two independent criteria are presented that together guarantee exponential suppression of the two-loop cosmological constant in non-supersymmetric heterotic strings. They are derived by performing calculations in both the full string theory and in its underlying effective field theory, and come respectively from contributions that involve only physical untwisted states, and contributions that include orbifold twisted states. The criteria depend purely on the spectrum and charges, so a model that satisfies them will do so with no fine-tuning. An additional consistency condition (emerging from the so-called separating degeneration limit of the two-loop diagram) is that the one-loop cosmological constant must also be suppressed, by Bose-Fermi degeneracy in the massless spectrum. We remark that theories of this kind, that have continued exponential suppression to higher orders, can form the basis for a string implementation of the "naturalness without supersymmetry" idea.
description: 41 pages, 5 figures, version accepted for publication
An almost complex Chern-Ricci flow
Creators: name: Zheng, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q60, 32W20, 35K96, 53C15

description: We consider the evolution of an almost Hermitian metric by the $(1,1)$ part of its Chern-Ricci form on almost complex manifolds. This is an evolution equation first studied by Chu and coincides with the Chern-Ricci flow if the complex structure is integrable and with the Kähler-Ricci flow if moreover the initial metric is Kähler. We find the maximal existence time for the flow in term of the initial data and also give some convergence results. As an example, we study this flow on the (locally) homogeneous manifolds in more detail.
description: 28pages, the final version accepted by The Journal of Geometric Analysis
Taming galileons in curved spacetime
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Mukherjee, Pradip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localising the galileon symmetry along with Poincare symmetry we have found a version of galileon model coupled with curved spacetime which retains the internal galileon symmetry in covariant form. Also, the model has second order equations of motion.
description: 13 pages, no figure, minor addition, journal version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0912.4816
Tile Number and Space-Efficient Knot Mosaics
Creators: name: Heap, Aaron
name: Knowles, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M99

description: In this paper we introduce the concept of a space-efficient knot mosaic. That is, we seek to determine how to create knot mosaics using the least number of non-blank tiles necessary to depict the knot. This least number is called the tile number of the knot. We determine strict bounds for the tile number of a knot in terms of the mosaic number of the knot. In particular, if $t$ is the tile number of a prime knot with mosaic number $m$, then $5m-8 \leq t \leq m^2-4$ if $m$ is even and $5m-8 \leq t \leq m^2-8$ if $m$ is odd. We also determine the tile number of several knots and provide space-efficient knot mosaics for each of them.
description: The original version of this article was split into two articles during refereeing
Bayesian weak lensing tomography: Reconstructing the 3D large-scale distribution of matter with a lognormal prior
Creators: name: Böhm, Vanessa
name: Hilbert, Stefan
name: Greiner, Maksim
name: Enßlin, Torsten A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Bayesian reconstruction algorithm that infers the three-dimensional large-scale matter distribution from the weak gravitational lensing effects measured in the image shapes of galaxies. The algorithm is designed to also work with non-Gaussian posterior distributions which arise, for example, from a non-Gaussian prior distribution. In this work, we use a lognormal prior and compare the reconstruction results to a Gaussian prior in a suite of increasingly realistic tests on mock data. We find that in cases of high noise levels (i.e. for low source galaxy densities and/or high shape measurement uncertainties), both normal and lognormal priors lead to reconstructions of comparable quality, but with the lognormal reconstruction being prone to mass-sheet degeneracy. In the low-noise regime and on small scales, the lognormal model produces better reconstructions than the normal model: The lognormal model 1) enforces non-negative densities, while negative densities are present when a normal prior is employed, 2) better traces the extremal values and the skewness of the true underlying distribution, and 3) yields a higher pixel-wise correlation between the reconstruction and the true density.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures; updated to match version accepted for publication in PRD
Properties of blueshifted light rays in quasispherical Szekeres metrics
Creators: name: Krasiński, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is a follow-up on two previous ones, in which properties of blueshifted rays were investigated in Lema\^ıtre - Tolman (L-T) and quasispherical Szekeres (QSS) spacetimes. In the present paper, an axially symmetric QSS deformation is superposed on such an L-T background that was proved, in the first paper, to mimic several properties of gamma-ray bursts. The present model makes $z$ closer to $-1$ than in the background L-T spacetime, and, as implied by the second paper, strong blueshifts exist in it only along two opposite directions. The QSS region is matched into a Friedmann background. The Big Bang (BB) function $t_B(r)$, which is constant in the Friedmann region, has a gate-shaped hump in the QSS region. Since a QSS island generates stronger blueshifts than an L-T island, the BB hump can be made lower - then it is further removed from the observer and implies a smaller observed angular radius of the source. Consequently, more sources can be fitted into the sky - all these facts are confirmed by numerical computations. Null geodesics reaching present observers from different directions relative to the BB hump are numerically calculated. Patterns of redshift across the image of the source and along the rays are displayed.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures. Most references to gamma-ray bursts removed at the insistence of the referee, with the implications unchanged. Title changed. Old Fig. 2 removed. Tables I, III and IV recalculated, and Figs. 4, 5, and 7 - 10 redrawn to correct a numerical error; this did not influence any conclusions. The current text matches the published version
CONTRIBUIÇÕES INTERDISCIPLINARES PARA A LINGUÍSTICA APLICADA COMO CIÊNCIA
Creators: name: Jocirley de OLIVEIRA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Linguística Aplicada
Interdisciplinaridade
Ciência

description: RESUMO

Este artigo visa a investigar as contribuições interdisciplinares para a Linguística Aplicada, com o objetivo de destacar sua natureza científica. Utilizando uma abordagem de pesquisa bibliográfica, examinamos a literatura acadêmica relevante para identificar como diferentes disciplinas contribuem para a base teórica e metodológica da Linguística Aplicada. A pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa para analisar criticamente as conexões entre a Linguística Aplicada e disciplinas como psicologia, sociologia, antropologia e neurociência. Os resultados revelam uma convergência de perspectivas e métodos provenientes de diversas disciplinas, enriquecendo a compreensão da complexidade da linguagem humana e sua aplicação prática. A psicologia fornece dados sobre processos cognitivos envolvidos na aquisição e uso da linguagem, enquanto a sociologia e a antropologia oferecem entendimentos sobre o papel da linguagem na construção da identidade social e cultural. Além disso, a neurociência contribui com descobertas sobre as bases neurais da linguagem e como elas influenciam o aprendizado e o uso de línguas. Essas contribuições interdisciplinares não apenas ampliam o escopo da pesquisa em Linguística Aplicada, mas também fortalecem sua base científica, fundamentando-a em teorias e métodos robustos. Concluímos que a Linguística Aplicada se beneficia significativamente da colaboração com outras disciplinas, evidenciando sua posição como uma ciência dinâmica e multifacetada, capaz de abordar questões complexas relacionadas à linguagem e sua aplicação em contextos do mundo real.
A note on entropy of auto-equivalences: lower bound and the case of orbifold projective lines
Creators: name: Kikuta, Kohei
name: Shiraishi, Yuuki
name: Takahashi, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Entropy of categorical dynamics is defined by Dmitrov-Haiden-Katzarkov-Kontsevich. Motivated by the fundamental theorem of the topological entropy due to Gromov-Yomdin, it is natural to ask an equality between the entropy and the spectral radius of induced morphisms on the numerical Grothendieck group. In this paper, we add two results on this equality: the lower bound in a general setting and the equality for orbifold projective lines.
description: 15 pages. v2: minor changes