cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of gas based seeding on supermassive black hole populations at $z\geq7$
Creators: name: Bhowmick, Aklant K.
name: Blecha, Laura
name: Torrey, Paul
name: Kelley, Luke Zoltan
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Kosciw, Kaitlyn
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Weinberger, Rainer
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deciphering the formation of supermassive black holes~(SMBHs) is a key science goal for upcoming observational facilities. In most theoretical channels proposed so far, the seed formation depends crucially on local gas conditions. We systematically characterize the impact of a range of gas based black hole seeding prescriptions on SMBH populations using cosmological simulations. Seeds of mass $M_{\mathrm{seed}}\sim 10^3-10^{6}~M_{\odot}/h$ are placed in halos that exceed critical thresholds for star-forming, metal-poor gas mass and halo mass (defined as $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{sf,mp}}$ and $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{h}}$, respectively, in units of $M_{\mathrm{seed}}$). We quantify the impact of these parameters on the properties of $z\geq7$ SMBHs. Lower seed masses produce much higher BH merger rates (by factors of $\sim10$ and $\sim1000$ at $z\sim7$ and $z\sim15$, respectively). For fixed seed mass, we find that $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{h}}$ has the strongest impact on the BH population at high redshift ($z\gtrsim15$, where a factor of 10 increase in $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{h}}$ suppresses merger rates by $\gtrsim 100$). At lower redshift ($z\lesssim15$), we find that $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{sf,mp}}$ has a larger impact on the BH population. Increasing $\tilde{M}_{\mathrm{sf,mp}}$ from $5-150$ suppresses the merger rates by factors of $\sim8$ at $z\sim7-15$. This suggests that the seeding criteria explored here could leave distinct imprints on the redshift distribution of LISA merger rates. In contrast, AGN luminosity functions are much less sensitive to seeding criteria, varying by factors $\lesssim2-3$ within the seed parameters we have explored. Such variations will be challenging to probe even with future sensitive instruments such as Lynx or JWST. Overall, our systematic parameter study provides a useful benchmark for development of seed models for large-volume cosmological simulations.
description: 25 pages, 23 figures
The Brain Tumor Sequence Registration (BraTS-Reg) Challenge
Creators: name: Bhakti Baheti
name: Waldmannstetter, Diana
name: Satrajit Chakrabarty
name: Akbari, Hamed
name: Bilello, Michel
name: Wiestler, Benedikt
name: Schwarting, Julian
name: Abidi, Syed
name: Mousa, Mina
name: Calabrese, Evan
name: Rudie, Jeffrey
name: Villanueva-Meyer, Javier
name: Marcus, Daniel S.
name: Davatzikos, Christos
name: Sotiras, Aristeidis
name: Bjoern Menze
name: Bakas, Spyridon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Registration
Glioma
MRI
Longitudinal
Diffuse glioma
Glioblastoma
MICCAI
Challenge

description: Registration of longitudinal brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans containing pathologies is challenging due to major tissue appearance changes, and still an unsolved problem. We organize the Brain Tumor Sequence Registration (BraTS-Reg) challenge, focusing on establishing correspondences between pre-operative and followup scans of the same patient diagnosed with an adult brain diffuse high-grade glioma. The BraTS-Reg challenge intends to establish a public benchmark environment for deformable registration algorithms. The associated dataset comprises of de-identified multi-institutional multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI) data, curated for each scan’s size and resolution, according to a common anatomical template. Clinical experts have generated extensive annotations of landmarks points within the scans descriptive of distinct anatomical locations across the temporal domain. The training data along with these ground truth annotations will be released to participants to design and
 develop their registration algorithms, whereas the annotations for the validation and the testing data will be withheld by the organizers and used to evaluate the containerized algorithms of the participants. Each submitted algorithm will be quantitatively evaluated using several metrics, such as the Median Absolute Error (MAE), Robustness, and the Jacobian determinant.
Additional file 1 of COVID-19 pandemic, pregnancy care, perinatal outcomes in Eastern Myanmar and North-Western Thailand: a retrospective marginalised population cohort
Creators: name: Prins, Taco Jan
name: Watthanaworawit, Wanitda
name: Gilder, Mary Ellen
name: Tun, Nay Win
name: Min, Aung Myat
name: Naing, May Phoo
name: Pateekhum, Chanapat
name: Thitiphatsaranan, Woranit
name: Thinraow, Suradet
name: Nosten, Francois
name: Rijken, Marcus J.
name: van Vugt, Michele
name: Angkurawaranon, Chaisiri
name: McGready, Rose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
The first determination of the actinide Th abundance for a red giant of the Ursa Minor dwarf galaxy
Creators: name: Aoki, Wako
name: Honda, Satoshi
name: Sadakane, Kozo
name: Arimoto, Nobuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Thorium abundance for the red giant COS82 in the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy is determined based on a high resolution spectrum. This is the first detection of actinides in an extra Galactic object. A detailed abundance pattern is determined for 12 other neutron-capture elements from the atomic number 39 to 68. These elements are significantly over-abundant with respect to other metals like Fe (> 1 dex) and their abundance pattern agrees well with those of the r-process-enhanced, very metal-poor stars known in the Galactic halo, while the metallicity of this object ([Fe/H] ~ -1.5) is much higher than these field stars ([Fe/H] ~ -3.0). The results indicate that the mechanism and the astrophysical site that are responsible for neutron-capture elements in COS82 is similar to that for field r-process-enhanced stars, while the condition of low mass star formation is quite different. An estimate of the age of this object based on the Th abundance ratio is discussed.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, to appear in PASJ
Breaking of Ginzburg-Landau description in the temperature dependence of the anisotropy in the nematic superconductor
Creators: name: Bannikov, M. I.
name: Akzyanov, R. S.
name: Zhurbina, N. K.
name: Khaldeev, S. I.
name: Selivanov, Yu. G.
name: Zavyalov, V. V.
name: Rakhmanov, A. L.
name: Kuntsevich, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nematic superconductors are characterized by an apparent crystal symmetry breaking that results in the anisotropy of the in-plane upper critical magnetic field $H_{c2}$. The symmetry breaking is usually attributed to the strain of the crystal lattice. The nature and the value of the strain are debatable. We perform systematic measurements of the $H_{c2}$ anisotropy in the high-quality Sr$_x$Bi$_2$Se$_3$ single crystals in the temperature range 1.8~K$
description: 8 pages, 5 figures (including Supplemental Material). Accepted to PRB
Tunable zero modes and quantum interferences in flat-band topological insulators
Creators: name: Zurita, Juan
name: Creffield, Charles
name: Platero, Gloria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interplay between Aharonov-Bohm (AB) caging and topological protection in a family of quasi-one-dimensional topological insulators, which we term CSSH ladders. Hybrids of the Creutz ladder and the SSH chain, they present a regime with completely flat bands, and a rich topological phase diagram, with several kinds of protected zero modes. These are reminiscent of the Creutz ladder edge states in some cases, and of the SSH chain edge states in others. Furthermore, their high degree of tunability, and the fact that they remain topologically protected even in small systems in the rungless case, due to AB caging, make them suitable for quantum information purposes. One of the ladders can belong to the BDI, AIII and D symmetry classes depending on its parameters, the latter being unusual in a non-superconducting model. Two of the models can also harbor topological end modes which do not follow the usual bulk-boundary correspondence, and are instead related to a Chern number. Finally, we propose some experimental setups to implement the CSSH ladders with current technology, focusing on the photonic lattice case.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
Cosmology from pregeometry
Creators: name: Wetterich, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss cosmological solutions for a diffeomorphism invariant gauge theory of the non-compact Lorentz group $SO(1,3)$. Besides the gauge bosons our model of pregeometry contains a vector field in the vector representation of $SO(1,3)$ and a scalar singlet. General relativity and variable gravity emerge as effective theories for large distances and times in Planck units. We propose an approximation to the effective action with up to two derivatives. For a suitable range of parameters the universe approaches for large times stable Minkowski space. For late cosmology the model predicts dynamical dark energy and provides for a candidate for dark matter. Early cosmology is characterized by an inflationary epoch. The beginning of the universe in the infinite past is great emptiness, corresponding to an ultraviolet fixed point with the associated quantum scale symmetry. The beginning universe is a vacuum state with vanishing expectation values and finite non-vanishing correlation functions for the fluctuations of all fields. There is no physical big bang singularity.
description: Further explanations, new references, 63 pages, 9 figures
Soft ideals and arithmetic mean ideals
Creators: name: Kaftal, Victor
name: Weiss, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B47, 47B10, 47L20 (Primary); 46A45, 46B45 (Secondary)

description: This article investigates the soft-interior and the soft-cover of operator ideals. These operations, and especially the first one, have been widely used before, but making their role explicit and analyzing their interplay with the arithmetic mean operations is essential for the study of the multiplicity of traces (see arXiv:0707.3169v1 [math.FA]). Many classical ideals are "soft", i.e., coincide with their soft interior or with their soft cover, and many ideal constructions yield soft ideals. Arithmetic mean (am) operations were proven to be intrinsic to the theory of operator ideals by the work of Dykema, Figiel, Weiss, and Wodzicki on the structure of commutators and arithmetic mean operations at infinity were studied in arXiv:0707.3169v1 [math.FA]. Here we focus on the commutation relations between these operations and soft operations. In the process we characterize the am-interior and the am-infinity interior of an ideal.
description: 21 pages
The Galactic neutron star population I - an extragalactic view of the Milky Way and the implications for fast radio bursts
Creators: name: Chrimes, A. A.
name: Levan, A. J.
name: Groot, P. J.
name: Lyman, J. D.
name: Nelemans, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key tool astronomers have to investigate the nature of extragalactic transients is their position on their host galaxies. Galactocentric offsets, enclosed fluxes and the fraction of light statistic are widely used at different wavelengths to help infer the nature of transient progenitors. Motivated by the proposed link between magnetars and fast radio bursts (FRBs), we create a face-on image of the Milky Way using best estimates of its size, structure and colour. We place Galactic magnetars, pulsars, low mass and high mass X-ray binaries on this image, using the available distance information. Galactocentric offsets, enclosed fluxes and fraction of light distributions for these systems are compared to extragalactic transient samples. We find that FRBs follow the distributions for Galactic neutron stars closest, with 24 (75 per cent) of the Anderson-Darling tests we perform having a p-value greater than 0.05. This suggests that FRBs are located on their hosts in a manner consistent with Galactic neutron stars on the Milky Way's light, although we cannot determine which specific neutron star population is the best match. The Galactic distributions are consistent with other extragalactic transients much less often across the range of comparisons made, with type Ia SNe in second place, at only 33 per cent of tests exceeding 0.05. Overall, our results provide further support for FRB models invoking isolated young neutron stars, or binaries containing a neutron star.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS (new arxiv version due to license change)
Additional file 1 of Deep learning-based multi-frequency denoising for myocardial perfusion SPECT
Creators: name: Du, Yu
name: Sun, Jingzhang
name: Li, Chien-Ying
name: Yang, Bang-Hung
name: Wu, Tung-Hsin
name: Mok, Greta S. P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Guidance on the GRACIOUS Framework for grouping and read-across of nanomaterials and nanoforms
Creators: name: Hunt, Neil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The GRACIOUS project has developed a highly innovative science-based framework that supports the assessment of risk posed by the ever increasing array of nanomaterials on the market and under development. The Framework streamlines the process for assessing their risk by logically grouping nanomaterials thereby allowing extrapolation between (read-across) nanomaterials and reducing the need to assess exposure to and toxicity on a case by case basis. The Guidance Document introduces a new user of the Framework to the essential steps they will need to take to use the Framework to support their grouping and read-across decisions and uses worked examples to show how these steps have been done practically in the GRACIOUS project.
BigDataGrapes D8.3 - Integration and Operation with real-life Software Systems
Creators: name: Parisi, Simone
name: Schlenz, Florian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The deliverable (D8.3) focuses on the task T8.3 Integration with existing real-life Software Systems: this task focuses on the integration of the BigDataGrapes software stack and data model into a market-ready Farm Management System produced by ABACO, SITI4Farmer, augmenting its functionalities to support the implementation of the envisaged Use Cases. This deliverable aims to incorporate by prototyping onto SITI4Farmer, the relevant functionalities of the BigDataGrapes software stack, further used in the piloting sessions. Also, in this framework, an integration with FOODAKAI, an existing software on food security that is complementary to the capabilities of ABACO SITI4Farmer, has been performed. In fact, food security depends also on meteorological and agronomical issues that are the focus of SITI4Farmer. Within the BigDataGrapes scope, the farm management system integration refers to the integration of weathersoil-plant monitoring data via data exchange over Rest-APIs in JSON format. Another important integration domain is represented by the GEOCLEDIAN Satellite data and the related vegetation indices. The real-life software system allows to define (draw and edit) farming plans at field level on top of which time series of indices are calculated. This document is structured as follows: after a brief introduction, Chapter 2 focuses on the farm management pilot and the related data recorded. Chapter 3 is about datasets and their relationships with use case scenarios. Chapter 4 describes SITI4Farmer and how the BigDataGrapes technologies are integrated into the system. The exploited BigDataGrapes technologies are related to satellite data from GEOCLEDIAN and data visualization improvements with the support of KU LEUVEN. Chapter 5 describes FOODAKAI and how the BigDataGrapes technologies are integrated into the system. Finally, Chapter 6 describes the next steps and conclusions
Studying the scalar bound states of the $K\bar K$ system in the Bethe-Salpeter formalism
Creators: name: Guo, Xin-Heng
name: Wu, Xing-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possible bound states of the $K\bar K$ system in the Bethe-Salpeter formalism in the ladder and instantaneous approximations. We find that the bound states exist. However, these bound states have very small decay widths. Therefore, besides the possible $K\bar K$ component, there may be some other structures in the observed $f_0(980)$ and $a_0(980)$ .
description: 23 pages, LaTeX2e. Discussions on the legitimacy of the ladder approximation and the instantaneous approximation are added. Recognized typos have been corrected. Several references added
B-modes from Post-inflationary Gravitational Waves Sourced by Axionic Instabilities at Cosmic Reionization
Creators: name: Geller, Michael
name: Lu, Sida
name: Tsai, Yuhsin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that axion-like particles that only couple to invisible dark photons can generate visible B-mode signals around the reionization epoch. The axion field starts rolling shortly before reionization, resulting in a tachyonic instability for the dark photons. This generates an exponential growth of the dark photon quanta sourcing both scalar metric modes and gravitational waves that leave an imprint on the reionized baryons. The tensor modes modify the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization at reionization, generating visible B-mode signatures for the next generation of CMB experiments for parameter ranges that satisfy the current experimental constraints.
description: V2: 9 pages 2 figures. Improved the analysis by increasing the number of gauge modes from 100 to 200. Published in PRD. V1: 8 pages, 2 figures
Satellite Luminosities in Galaxy Groups
Creators: name: Skibba, Ramin A.
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
name: Martino, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Halo model interpretations of the luminosity dependence of galaxy clustering assume that there is a central galaxy in every sufficiently massive halo, and that this central galaxy is very different from all the others in the halo. The halo model decomposition makes the remarkable prediction that the mean luminosity of the non-central galaxies in a halo should be almost independent of halo mass: the predicted increase is about 20% while the halo mass increases by a factor of more than 20. In contrast, the luminosity of the central object is predicted to increase approximately linearly with halo mass at low to intermediate masses, and logarithmically at high masses. We show that this weak, almost non-existent mass-dependence of the satellites is in excellent agreement with the satellite population in group catalogs constructed by two different collaborations. This is remarkable, because the halo model prediction was made without ever identifying groups and clusters. The halo model also predicts that the number of satellites in a halo is drawn from a Poisson distribution with mean which depends on halo mass. This, combined with the weak dependence of satellite luminosity on halo mass, suggests that the Scott effect, such that the luminosities of very bright galaxies are merely the statistically extreme values of a general luminosity distribution, may better apply to the most luminous satellite galaxy in a halo than to BCGs. If galaxies are identified with halo substructure at the present time, then central galaxies should be about 4 times more massive than satellite galaxies of the same luminosity, whereas the differences between the stellar M/L ratios should be smaller. Therefore, a comparison of the weak lensing signal from central and satellite galaxies should provide useful constraints. [abridged]
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Matches version accepted by MNRAS
A Surprising Reversal of Temperatures in the Brown-Dwarf Eclipsing Binary 2MASS J05352184-0546085
Creators: name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Mathieu, Robert D.
name: Valenti, Jeff A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The newly discovered brown-dwarf eclipsing binary 2MASS J05352184-0546085 provides a unique laboratory for testing the predictions of theoretical models of brown-dwarf formation and evolution. The finding that the lower-mass brown dwarf in this system is hotter than its higher-mass companion represents a challenge to brown-dwarf evolutionary models, none of which predict this behavior. Here we present updated determinations of the basic physical properties of 2M0535-05, bolstering the surprising reversal of temperatures with mass in this system. We compare these measurements with widely used brown-dwarf evolutionary tracks, and find that the temperature reversal can be explained by some models if the components of 2M0535-05 are mildly non-coeval, possibly consistent with dynamical simulations of brown-dwarf formation. Alternatively, a strong magnetic field on the higher-mass brown dwarf might explain its anomalously low surface temperature, consistent with emerging evidence that convection is suppressed in magnetically active, low-mass stars. Finally, we discuss future observational and theoretical work needed to further characterize and understand this benchmark system.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures, accepted by ApJ
Multipartite quantum correlations in a two-mode Dicke model
Creators: name: Soldati, Rodolfo
name: Mitchison, Mark T.
name: Landi, Gabriel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze multipartite correlations in a generalized Dicke model involving two optical modes interacting with an ensemble of two-level atoms. In particular, we examine correlations beyond the standard bipartite entanglement and derive exact results in the thermodynamic limit. The model presents two superradiant phases involving the spontaneous breaking of either a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ or $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetry. The latter is characterized by the emergence of a Goldstone excitation, found to significantly affect the correlation profiles. Focusing on the correlations between macroscopic subsystems, we analyze both the mutual information as well as the entanglement of formation for all possible bipartitions among the optical and matter degrees of freedom. It is found that while each mode entangles with the atoms, the bipartite entanglement between the modes is zero, and they share only classical correlations and quantum discord. We also study the monogamy of multipartite entanglement and show that there exists genuine tripartite entanglement, i.e. quantum correlations that the atoms share with the two modes but that are not shared with them individually, only in the vicinity of the critical lines. Our results elucidate the intricate correlation structures underlying superradiant phase transitions in multimode systems.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Published version
Gauge-Invariant Tensor Perturbations Induced from Baryon-CDM Relative Velocity and the B-mode Polarization of the CMB
Creators: name: Gurian, James
name: Jeong, Donghui
name: Hwang, Jai-chan
name: Noh, Hyerim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At second-order, scalar perturbations can source traceless and transverse perturbations to the metric, called induced gravitational waves (IGW). The apparent gauge-dependence of the IGW obscures the interpretation of the stochastic gravitational-wave signal. To elucidate the gauge dependence, we study the IGW from manifestly gauge-invariant scalar perturbations, namely, the relative velocity between the baryon and cold dark matter. From this relative velocity perturbation, we compute the dimensionless gravitational wave power spectrum and the corresponding expected angular power spectrum of the B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background. Although the effect turns out to be unobservably small, the calculation demonstrates both the importance of using observable quantities to remove the gauge ambiguity and the observable consequences of tensor perturbations which are not propagating gravitational waves.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; Published version: appendix expanded and typos corrected
Additional file 1 of Cy-1, a major QTL for tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus resistance, harbors a gene encoding a DFDGD-Class RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Creators: name: Koeda, Sota
name: Yamamoto, Chihiro
name: Yamamoto, Hiroto
name: Fujishiro, Kohei
name: Mori, Ryoma
name: Okamoto, Momoka
name: Nagano, Atsushi J.
name: Mashiko, Takaaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1.
The Representation Aspect of the Generalized Hydrogen Atoms
Creators: name: Meng, Guowu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let $D\ge 1$ be an integer. In the Enright-Howe-Wallach classification list of the unitary highest weight modules of $\widetilde{\mr{Spin}}(2, D+1)$, the (nontrivial) Wallach representations in Case II, Case III, and the mirror of Case III are special in the sense that they are precisely the ones that can be realized by the Hilbert space of bound states for a generalized hydrogen atom in dimension D. It has been shown recently that each of these special Wallach representations can be realized as the space of L^2-sections of a canonical hermitian bundle over the punctured ${\bb R}^D$. Here a simple algebraic characterization of these special Wallach representations is found.
description: 18 pages, simplified proof
Global weak solutions to fully cross-diffusive systems with nonlinear diffusion and saturated taxis sensitivity
Creators: name: Fuest, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K51 (primary), 35B45, 35D30, 35K59, 92C17 (secondary)

description: Systems of the type $$\begin{cases} u_t = \nabla \cdot (D_1(u) \nabla u - S_1(u) \nabla v) + f_1(u, v),\\ v_t = \nabla \cdot (D_2(v) \nabla v + S_2(v) \nabla u) + f_2(u, v) \end{cases} \qquad (\star)$$ can be used to model pursuit-evasion relationships between predators and prey. Apart from local kinetics given by $f_1$ and $f_2$, the key components in this system are the taxis terms $-\nabla \cdot (S_1(u) \nabla v)$ and $+\nabla \cdot (S_2(v) \nabla u)$; that is, the species are not only assumed to move around randomly in space but are also able to partially direct their movement depending on the nearby presence of the other species. In the present article, we construct global weak solutions of ($\star$) for certain prototypical nonlinear functions $D_i$, $S_i$ and $f_i$, $i \in \{1, 2\}$. To that end, we first make use of a fourth-order regularization to obtain global solutions to approximate systems and then rely on an entropy-like identity associated with ($\star$) for obtaining various a~priori estimates.
description: 42 pages, expanded the introduction
Solitons and exotic instantons
Creators: name: Loginov, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the 't Hooft type instantons in eight dimensions, which satisfy the (anti)self-dual equations $F\wedge F=\pm\ast_8F\wedge F$. Using various designs of such instantons, we find new soliton solutions to the low-energy effective theory of the heterotic fivebrane. We investigate conditions under which these instanton configurations can be identified with the $D$-instantons embedded in the $D7$-brane world volume. Finally, we discuss the relationship between eight-dimensional periodic instantons and monopoles.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Cross-population coupling of neural activity based on Gaussian process current source densities
Creators: name: Klein, Natalie
name: Siegle, Joshua H.
name: Teichert, Tobias
name: Kass, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Because local field potentials (LFPs) arise from multiple sources in different spatial locations, they do not easily reveal coordinated activity across neural populations on a trial-to-trial basis. As we show here, however, once disparate source signals are decoupled, their trial-to-trial fluctuations become more accessible, and cross-population correlations become more apparent. To decouple sources we introduce a general framework for estimation of current source densities (CSDs). In this framework, the set of LFPs result from noise being added to the transform of the CSD by a biophysical forward model, while the CSD is considered to be the sum of a zero-mean, stationary, spatiotemporal Gaussian process, having fast and slow components, and a mean function, which is the sum of multiple time-varying functions distributed across space, each varying across trials. We derived biophysical forward models relevant to the data we analyzed. In simulation studies this approach improved identification of source signals compared to existing CSD estimation methods. Using data recorded from primate auditory cortex, we analyzed trial-to-trial fluctuations in both steady-state and task-evoked signals. We found cortical layer-specific phase coupling between two probes and showed that the same analysis applied directly to LFPs did not recover these patterns. We also found task-evoked CSDs to be correlated across probes, at specific cortical depths. Using data from Neuropixels probes in mouse visual areas, we again found evidence for depth-specific phase coupling of primary visual area and lateromedial area based on the CSDs.
description: Accepted for publication in PLOS Computational Biology
Synchrotron Radio Emission from a Fast Halo Coronal Mass Ejection
Creators: name: Bastian, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interplanetary (IP) type-II-like radio burst is analyzed. It occurred on 2003 June 17-18 in association with a fast halo coronal mass ejection (CME), an M6.8 soft-X-ray (SXR) flare, and produced a solar proton event. Unlike coronal type II bursts and the ma jority of IP type II radio emissions, the IP type-II-like event associated with the fast halo CME on June 17-18 varies smoothly in time and frequency and has a frequency bandwidth that is several times larger than is typical for coronal and IP type II emissions. Moreover, the frequency change with time is inconsistent with that expected from plasma radiation associated with a CME-driven shock. I suggest that this IP type-II-like event, referred to here as an IP type II-S event, is not due to plasma radiation but, rather, incoherent synchrotron radiation from near-relativistic electrons entrained in the CME magnetic field, or in the sheath region between the shock and the CME driver. This event may be an example of a new and distinct class of interplanetary radio phenomenon.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
Continuous Time Random Walks (CTRWs): Simulation of continuous trajectories
Creators: name: Kleinhans, D.
name: Friedrich, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous time random walks have been developed as a straightforward generalisation of classical random walk processes. Some 10 years ago, Fogedby introduced a continuous representation of these processes by means of a set of Langevin equations [H. C. Fogedby, Phys. Rev. E 50 (1994)]. The present work is devoted to a detailed discussion of Fogedby's model and presents its application for the robust numerical generation of sample paths of continuous time random walk processes.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 2 of Cy-1, a major QTL for tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus resistance, harbors a gene encoding a DFDGD-Class RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Creators: name: Koeda, Sota
name: Yamamoto, Chihiro
name: Yamamoto, Hiroto
name: Fujishiro, Kohei
name: Mori, Ryoma
name: Okamoto, Momoka
name: Nagano, Atsushi J.
name: Mashiko, Takaaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Analiza obecnego stanu integracji i możliwe kierunki rozwoju UE
Creators: name: Piechowicz, Michał
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: UE
Unia Europejska
integracja europejska

description: This analysis includes main factors which are a creative force of european integration process, discuss main integration theories and deal with the EU as an international organization in the context of international relations.
Additional file 3 of Cy-1, a major QTL for tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus resistance, harbors a gene encoding a DFDGD-Class RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Creators: name: Koeda, Sota
name: Yamamoto, Chihiro
name: Yamamoto, Hiroto
name: Fujishiro, Kohei
name: Mori, Ryoma
name: Okamoto, Momoka
name: Nagano, Atsushi J.
name: Mashiko, Takaaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 3.
When is g_{tt} g_{rr} = -1?
Creators: name: Jacobson, Ted
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schwarzschild metric, its Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter generalizations to higher dimensions, and some further generalizations all share the feature that g_{tt} g_{rr}=-1 in Schwarzschild-like coordinates. In this pedagogical note we trace this feature to the condition that the Ricci tensor (and stress-energy tensor in a solution to Einstein's equation) has vanishing radial null-null component, i.e. is proportional to the metric in the t-r subspace. We also show this condition holds if and only if the area-radius coordinate is an affine parameter on the radial null geodesics.
description: 3 pages; v2: references, and discussion of Born-Infeld solutions and O(3) and string hedgehogs added; 4 pages; v3: slight editing; comment added that condition implies radial pressure is negative of energy density; version to appear in CQG
Biasing topological charge injection in topological matter
Creators: name: Ahari, Mostafa Tanhayi
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zou, Ji
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the interplay between topologies in the momentum and real spaces to formulate a thermodynamic description of nonequilibrium injection of topological charges under external bias. We show that the edge modes engendered by the momentum-space topology can play a functional role of connecting the external reservoirs to the bulk transport of topological charges in the real space. We illustrate our general results with two examples: the spin-torque injection of skyrmions in an electrically-biased integer quantum Hall system, and the vortex injection in a topological $p\,+\,i\,p$ superconductor coupled to heat reservoirs. Based on the universal fractional entropy of the Majorana zero modes bound to the vortices, their controllable injection proposed in this work could provide a route for creating and manipulating Majorana fermions.
Deliverable D3.7 Consolidated Projects Summary Report
Creators: name: Reid, Alasdair
name: Rami, Matias Barberis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Privacy and Trust Enhancing Technologies
Human Centric Internet
Next Generation Internet

description: The NGI Trust project aims to support the development of a human- centric Internet, by developing a stronger European ecosystem of researchers, innovators and technology developers in the field of privacy and trust enhancing technologies. This report presents key figures at project level and results achieved at third-party funded project level. Furthermore, it will describe how the calls were thematically organised and how the projects advanced in the state-of-the-art of the proposed themes as well as in maturity level. This report is part of a project that has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No.825618
Anisotropic Landau-Lifshitz Model in Discrete Space-Time
Creators: name: Krajnik, Žiga
name: Ilievski, Enej
name: Prosen, Tomaž
name: Pasquier, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an integrable lattice model of classical interacting spins in discrete space-time, representing a discrete-time analogue of the lattice Landau-Lifshitz ferromagnet with uniaxial anisotropy. As an application we use this explicit discrete symplectic integration scheme to compute the spin Drude weight and diffusion constant as functions of anisotropy and chemical potential. We demonstrate qualitatively different behavior in the easy-axis and the easy-plane regimes in the non-magnetized sector. Upon approaching the isotropic point we also find an algebraic divergence of the diffusion constant, signaling a crossover to spin superdiffusion.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures; V2: typos corrected, a few DOIs added; V3: mistake in Eq. (2.20) corrected
Spin-valley locked instabilities in moire transition metal dichalcogenides with conventional and higher-order Van Hove singularities
Creators: name: Hsu, Yi-Ting
name: Wu, Fengcheng
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have observed correlated insulating and possible superconducting phases in twisted homobilayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Besides the spin-valley locked moire bands due to the intrinsic Ising spin-orbit coupling, homobilayer moire TMDs also possess either logarithmic or power-law divergent Van Hove singularities (VHS) near the Fermi surface, controllable by an external displacement field. The former and the latter are dubbed conventional and higher-order VHS, respectively. Here, we perform a perturbative renormalization group (RG) analysis to unbiasedly study the dominant instabilities in homobilayer TMDs for both the conventional and higher-order VHS cases. We find that the spin-valley locking largely alters the RG flows and leads to instabilities unexpected in the corresponding extensively-studied graphene-based moire systems, such as spin- and valley-polarized ferromagnetism and topological superconductivity with mixed parity. In particular, for the case with two higher-order VHS, we find a spin-valley-locking-driven metallic state with no symmetry breaking in the TMDs despite the diverging bare susceptibility. Our results show how the spin-valley locking significantly affects the RG analysis and demonstrate that moire TMDs are suitable platforms to realize various interaction-induced spin-valley locked phases, highlighting physics fundamentally different from the well-studied graphene-based moire systems.
description: 10+2 pages, 6 figures
The Circumstellar Structure and Excitation Effects around the Massive Protostar Cepheus A HW 2
Creators: name: Torrelles, J. M.
name: Patel, N. A.
name: Curiel, S.
name: Ho, P. T. P.
name: Garay, G.
name: Rodriguez, L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report SMA 335 GHz continuum observations with angular resolution of ~0.''3, together with VLA ammonia observations with ~1'' resolution toward Cep A HW 2. We find that the flattened disk structure of the dust emission observed by Patel et al. is preserved at the 0.''3 scale, showing an elongated structure of ~$0.''6 size (450 AU) peaking on HW 2. In addition, two ammonia cores are observed, one associated with a hot-core previously reported, and an elongated core with a double peak separated by ~1.''3 and with signs of heating at the inner edges of the gas facing HW 2. The double-peaked ammonia structure, as well as the double-peaked CH3CN structure reported previously (and proposed to be two independent hot-cores), surround both the dust emission as well as the double-peaked SO2 disk structure found by Jimenez-Serra et al. All these results argue against the interpretation of the elongated dust-gas structure as due to a chance-superposition of different cores; instead, they imply that it is physically related to the central massive object within a disk-protostar-jet system.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The use of the kelp, Macrocystis integrifolia, as a soil amendment and foliar spray upon selected crops
Creators: name: Temple, Wayne Douglas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In this investigation the coastal B.C. kelp, Macrocystis integrifolia, was evaluated for its potential use as a soil amendment and foliar spray in crop production. The kelp soil amendment was applied fresh to a fine-textured deltaic soil with applications of 0, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 and 120 t ha⁻¹. Soil chemical, physical, crop growth and nutritional responses were characterized over a two year period. Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were planted in the first year and peas (Pisum sativum) were planted in the second year. Plant growth responses included reduced yields, emergence and flowering with the 120 t ha⁻¹ application and increased plant moisture content with increasing kelp applications. Nutritional responses included increased plant elemental concentrations and uptakes of Na, K and Cl with increasing soil applications of kelp. Soil responses to increasing applications of kelp included sharp increases in soil water-soluble salts, Cl , NO₃-N, exchangeable K and Na, and a decline in soil pH. Subsequent greenhouse experiments suggested that phytotoxic effects from the 120 t ha⁻¹ kelp applications were primarily induced by high levels of soluble salts, but an unknown phytotoxic substance may be implicated. Soil aeration increased with kelp application up to 60 t ha⁻¹, but declined with the 120 t ha⁻¹ application. The use of KL inteqrifolia as a processed concentrate for subsequent dilution with water and foliar application (2 and 4 L ha⁻¹) to the bean (P. vulgaris) crop resulted in increased harvestable bean yields in each of two field seasons. Evidence is presented which supports the theory that growth promoting phytohormone-like substances extracted from the kelp may, in part, be active constituents of the kelp concentrate. Field crop nutritional responses to kelp foliar sprays included reduced shoot elemental concentrations, but increased uptakes, suggesting greater dry matter accumulation per unit element. Crop growth and nutritional responses between growing seasons were not consistent. A greenhouse experiment demonstrated that many of the kelp foliar spray effects upon crop growth, development and nutrition could be dependent on soil moisture regimes.
Additional file 4 of Cy-1, a major QTL for tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus resistance, harbors a gene encoding a DFDGD-Class RNA-dependent RNA polymerase in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)
Creators: name: Koeda, Sota
name: Yamamoto, Chihiro
name: Yamamoto, Hiroto
name: Fujishiro, Kohei
name: Mori, Ryoma
name: Okamoto, Momoka
name: Nagano, Atsushi J.
name: Mashiko, Takaaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 4.
Anisotropic softening of collective charge modes in the vicinity of critical doping in a doped Mott insulator
Creators: name: Li, Y. W.
name: Qian, D.
name: Wray, L.
name: Hsieh, D.
name: Kaga, Y.
name: Sasagawa, T.
name: Takagi, H.
name: Markiewicz, R. S.
name: Bansil, A.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Uchida, S.
name: Hasan, M. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Momentum resolved inelastic resonant x-ray scattering is used to map the evolution of charge excitations over a large range of energies, momenta and doping levels in the electron doped Mott insulator class Nd$_{2-x}$Ce$_x$CuO$_4$. As the doping induced AFM-SC (antiferromagnetic-superconducting) transition is approached, we observe an anisotropic softening of collective charge modes over a large energy scale along the Gamma to (π,π)-direction, whereas the modes exhibit broadening ($\sim$ 1 eV) with relatively little softening along Gamma to (π,0) with respect to the parent Mott insulator (x=0). Our study indicates a systematic collapse of the gap consistent with the scenario that the system dopes uniformly with electrons even though the softening of the modes involves an unusually large energy scale.
description: 5 pages + 5 Figures
Tight-binding modeling of charge migration in DNA devices
Creators: name: Cuniberti, G.
name: Macia, E.
name: Rodriguez, A.
name: Römer, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long range charge transfer experiments in DNA oligomers and the subsequently measured -- and very diverse -- transport response of DNA wires in solid state experiments exemplifies the need for a thorough theoretical understanding of charge migration in DNA-based natural and artificial materials. Here we present a review of tight-binding models for DNA conduction which have the intrinsic merit of containing more structural information than plain rate-equation models while still retaining sufficient detail of the electronic properties. This allows for simulations of transport properties to be more manageable with respect to density functional theory methods or correlated first principle algorithms.
description: 24 PDF pages of Springer SVMult LaTeX (included), ISBN-10: 3540724931, ISBN-13: 978-3540724933